bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trusting and being trusted
Authors: Bande Belén , Fernández-Ferrín Pilar , Castro-González Sandra 
Published: December 2019

PurposeAlthough trust is considered a dyadic and bidirectional phenomenon, the majority of trust research has not considered it as such. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to closing this research gap by analyzing the influence of supervisor’s propensity to trust on salesperson trust in supervisor, considering the mediating role of servant leadership (SL). Additionally, the authors delve into the relationship between trust in supervisor and salesperson turnover by examining the moderating effect of perceived ethical climate (EC).Design/methodology/approachInformation was provided by 145 salesperson–supervisor dyads from 145 companies across various industries. SEM and PROCESS procedures were used to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicate that a supervisor’s disposition to trust is positively related to employee trust in the leader via its impact on perceived SL behaviors. However and contrary to the expectations, supervisor’s propensity to trust is found to have a direct negative impact on trust in the supervisor, suggesting the presence of additional mediating variables. Finally, the trust dimension of EC moderates the negative influence of trust on salesperson turnover intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings highlight the practical benefits of fostering trust in the workplace and confirm the significant role of trust in the identification of servant leaders. In addition, the study shows that a supervisor’s disposition to trust can have a relevant effect on salesperson’s turnover intentions. Moreover, the results demonstrate the beneficial role of an ethical work climate.Originality/valueThis study offers insight into how to improve the retention of efficient employees and the role of trust, analyzed at a dyadic level, in this process. In addition, the findings suggest why servant leaders adopt this leadership style.
Eco‐holobiont: A new concept to identify drivers of host‐associated microorganisms
Authors: Singh Brajesh K. , Liu Hongwei , Trivedi Pankaj 
Published: December 2019

SummaryHost microbiomes play a critical role in host fitness and health. Whilst the current 'holobiont' concept framework has greatly expanded eco‐evolutionary and functional understanding of host‐microbiome interactions, the important role of biotic interactions and microbial loop (compositional linkage between soil, plant and animal) in shaping host‐microbiome are poorly understood. We proposed an 'eco‐holobiont' concept to fill the knowledge gap.
Teaching assistants managing behaviour – who knows how they do it? Agency is the answer
Authors: Clarke Emma , Visser John 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article revisits a previous publication which questioned how Teaching Assistants (TAs) manage behaviour in mainstream English primary schools (Clarke and Visser, 2016). That paper highlighted the lack of specific research in the area and noted, that despite increases in research on TAs work, there remained a lack of understanding in relation to how TAs supported children’s non‐academic or ‘soft skills’. Following on from that, this article details the findings of a doctoral research project that investigated factors that constrained and supported TAs’ management of behaviour. Using the findings from that research, this article offers answers to the to the question I outlined in the previous publication ‘Teaching Assistants managing behaviour – who knows how they do it?’ (Clarke and Visser, 2016). Concepts including TAs’ understanding of their ‘place’, the impact of agency and how consistency in a range of areas influenced the agency TAs experienced in managing behaviour will be discussed.
Supporting siblings of children with a special educational need or disability: An evaluation of Sibs Talk, a one‐to‐one intervention delivered by staff in mainstream schools
Authors: Hayden Nikita K. , McCaffrey Monica , Fraser‐Lim Claire , Hastings Richard P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA group often overlooked for specific supports in schools are siblings of children with a disability, special educational needs or a serious long‐term condition (SEND). In this article we review the current sibling research and identify a lack of literature on interventions, particularly within a school context. We then present a description of Sibs Talk, an example of a new school‐based intervention to support siblings. Sibs Talk is a ten‐session, one‐to‐one intervention approach for schools to complete with Key Stage 2 children who have a brother or sister with SEND. Finally, we present an initial evaluation of the effectiveness of Sibs Talk, using a pre and post evaluation format with a sample of 55 children from 11 schools. The data presented in this evaluation indicate that Sibs Talk may have contributed to positive outcomes for participating children.
General practitioner‐type patients in emergency departments in metro North Brisbane, Queensland: A multisite study
Authors: Toloo Ghasem (Sam) , Bahl Nimisha , Lim David , FitzGerald Gerry , Wraith Darren , Chu Kevin , Kinnear Frances B , Aitken Peter , Morel Douglas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the proportion of ED patients in urban Queensland who are potentially suitable for general practitioner (GP) care.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted using ED Information System data from Metro North Hospital and Health Service in Brisbane, Australia for three consecutive financial years (2014–2015 to 2016–2017). The hospitals included two Principal Referral and two Public Acute hospitals. GP‐type patients were calculated using the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW), Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) and the validated Sprivulis methods.ResultsOf the 822 841 ED presentations, 219 567 (27%) were potentially GP‐type patients by AIHW, 49 307 (6%) by ACEM and 61 836 (8%) by Sprivulis methods. The higher proportion of GP‐type presentations were during 08.00 to 17.00 hours by AIHW and ACEM methods. Of the lower‐acuity triage categories of 4 (286 154 presentations) and 5 (5658 presentations), AIHW estimated that 62% and 80% of the patients were GP‐type patients, as compared to 9% and 22% by ACEM, and 9% and 0.3% by Sprivulis method. The mean costs of adult GP‐type patients is $345 by the AIHW and $406 by the ACEM method, lower than non‐GP type patients ($706 and $622, respectively).ConclusionsThere is considerable variation in what is considered GP‐type ED presentations based on the three methods employed and this variation may have fuelled the debate surrounding what is ‘avoidable’ ED utilisation. Regardless, the study findings provide an interesting addition to defining and addressing appropriate utilisation of ED services.
Nicotine, cocaine, amphetamine, morphine, and ethanol increase norepinephrine output in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis of freely moving rats
Authors: Jadzic Dragana , Bassareo Valentina , Carta Anna R. , Carboni Ezio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) is a complex limbic area involved in neuroendocrine and behavioural responses and, in particular, in the modulation of the stress response. BNST is innervated by dopamine and norepinephrine, which are known to be involved in drug addiction. It is also known that several drugs of abuse increase dopamine transmission in the BNST, but there has been less research regarding the effect on norepinephrine transmission. Here, we have used the microdialysis technique to investigate the effect of several drugs of abuse on norepinephrine transmission in the BNST of freely moving rats. We observed that nicotine (0.2‐0.4 mg/kg), cocaine (2.5‐5 mg/kg), amphetamine (0.25‐0.5 mg/kg), and ethanol (0.5‐1.0 g/kg), dose‐dependently increased norepinephrine output while the effect of morphine at 3.0 was lower than that of 1.0 mg/kg. These results suggest that many drugs of abuse, though possessing diverse mechanisms of action, share the property of increasing norepinephrine transmission in the BNST. Furthermore, we suggest that the recurring activation of NE transmission in the BNST, due to drug administration, contributes to the alteration of the function that BNST assumes in how the behavioural response to stress manifests, favouring the establishment of the stress‐induced drug seeking.
Effects of nicorandil infusion on ECG parameters in patients with unstable angina pectoris and percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Wang Weiding , Zhang Xu , Chen Kangyin , Yin Li , Gong Mengqi , Liu Yang , Tse Gary , Wu Lin , Li Guangping , Liu Tong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is effective in treating patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) but is associated with some serious complications. Nicorandil is an anti‐anginal agent acting to improve microvascular circulation and to increase coronary blood flow. The objective of this article is to evaluate the effects of intracoronary injection followed with continuous intravenous injection of nicorandil on ECG parameters in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UA) undergoing PCI.MethodsA single‐center, self‐controlled clinical trial was conducted at the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University between January 2019 and April 2019. Sixty‐three consecutive patients with UA who received coronary angiography and selective PCI were enrolled. ECG was recorded and analyzed before and 24 hr after nicorandil infusion.ResultsPatients were divided into three groups: control group (n = 23, aged 63.43 ± 12.55 years), short‐term, and prolonged use with nicorandil group (n = 20 and 20, aged 66.45 ± 8.06 years and 65.80 ± 9.49 years, respectively). Clinical characteristics and ECG parameters were similar before PCI among three groups (p > .05). In nicorandil treatment groups, intervals of QTd and Tp‐e in patients post‐PCI were significantly shorter than that in control and pre‐PCI (p < .05).ConclusionsNicorandil infusion reduces QTd and Tp‐e interval in patients with UA. Further studies will be needed to determine whether these electrophysiological changes are associated with a reduction of ventricular arrhythmias and improved outcomes.
Regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in newborns and infants: Focus on citrate accumulation
Authors: Persic Vanja , Vajdic Trampuz Barbara , Medved Bojan , Pavcnik Maja , Ponikvar Rafael , Gubensek Jakob 
Published: December 2019

AbstractContinuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) in newborns and infants is challenging and accumulation of citrate can occur. There are only a few studies reporting the detailed data on RCA. We aimed to analyze RCA‐CRRT at our institution with focus on citrate accumulation. Critically ill newborns and infants up to 11 kg of body weight (BW), treated with RCA‐CRRT in the 2011‐2016 period were included in this retrospective observational study. Prismaflex(R) and Multifiltrate‐CiCa(R) dialysis monitors were used with either automated or manual RCA. Data was collected regarding the circuit lifetime, parameters of RCA, markers of citrate accumulation (total/ionized calcium ratio > 2.5), and metabolic complications. We included 10 children with mean age of 2.6 ± 3.8 months and BW of 4.6 ± 2.7 kg. In‐hospital mortality was 60%. RCA‐CRRT parameters were: blood flow 46 ± 9 mL/min (12 ± 5 mL/min/kg BW), citrate dose 2.8 ± 0.6 mmol/L of blood resulting in estimated citrate load to the patient of 1.7 ± 0.8 mmol/h/kg BW. In total, 57 dialysis circuits were used with mean filter lifetime of 39 ± 29 h. Citrate accumulation (total/ionized calcium ratio > 2.5) was observed in 7/10 patients and in 14/57 (25%) of circuits; those circuits were performed in children with lower age and BW, had higher relative blood flow and citrate load, while citrate dose was similar. When citrate load to the patient was used to predict citrate accumulation, AUC under the ROC curve was 0.78 and 1.7 mmol/h/kg BW was considered the optimal cutoff value (sensitivity 71% and specificity 72%). CRRT with RCA using equipment, developed for adult population, is feasible in newborns and infants. Signs of citrate accumulation developed relatively often. To prevent it, we suggest avoiding citrate loads above 1.7 mmol/h/kg BW, which can best be achieved by keeping the blood flow below 9 mL/min/kg BW.
Decrease in the proportion of CD24hiCD38hi B cells and impairment of their regulatory capacity in type 1 diabetes patients
Authors: Wang Y , Qin Y , Wang X , Zhang L , Wang J , Xu X , Chen H , Hsu H-T , Zhang M 
Published: December 2019

Summary
B10 cells restore immune balance by producing interleukin (IL)-10. Impaired B10 cell responses are related to numerous autoimmune diseases. However, the function of B10 cells in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients is controversial. We hypothesized that there are numerical and functional defects of B10 cells in T1D. Sixty-two patients with T1D and 74 healthy volunteers were included in our study. We showed that B10 cells in human peripheral blood belong to a CD24hiCD38hi B cell subpopulation. CD24hiCD38hi B cells from healthy individuals possessed regulatory capacity, suppressed interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-17A production and promoted IL-4 production and forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression in CD4+ T cells through an IL-10-dependent mechanism. Compared to healthy controls, B10 cell percentages in T1D were significantly lower (5·6 ± 3·5 versus 6·9 ± 3·3%; P &lt; 0·05), produced less IL-10 (15·4 ± 4·3 versus 29·0 ± 4·5%; P &lt; 0·001) and lacked regulatory capacity. In addition, Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the frequency of circulating B10 cells was negatively correlated with the frequency of CD4+IFN-γ+ and CD4+TNF-α+ T cells (r = −0·248 and r = −0·283, P = 0·008 and P = 0·017, respectively), positively correlating with the frequency of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells (r = 0·247, P = 0·001). These data offer direct proof that there is a deficiency of circulating CD24hiCD38hi B cells in peripheral blood of patients with T1D, which participate in the T1D immune imbalance involved in the development of T1D.
Early detection rate changes from a brain‐responsive neurostimulation system predict efficacy of newly added antiseizure drugs
Authors: Quraishi Imran H. , Mercier Michael R. , Skarpaas Tara L. , Hirsch Lawrence J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveBrain‐responsive neurostimulation (RNS System, NeuroPace) is used to treat medically refractory focal epilepsy and also provides long‐term ambulatory neurophysiologic data. We sought to determine whether these data could predict the clinical response to antiseizure drugs (ASDs).MethodsFirst, newly added medications were identified in RNS System patients followed at a single epilepsy center. Daily detection rates including “episode starts” (predominantly interictal activity) and “long episodes” (often electrographic seizures) were compared before and after ASD initiation. Efficacy was determined from documentation of clinical improvement and medication retention. Next, the analysis was repeated on an independent sample of patients from a multicenter long‐term treatment trial, using an efficacy measure of ≥50% reduction in diary‐recorded seizure frequency after 3 months.ResultsIn the single center cohort, long episodes, but not episode starts, had a significantly greater reduction in the first week for clinically efficacious compared to inefficacious medications. In this cohort, having no long episodes in the first week was highly predictive of ASD efficacy. In the multicenter cohort, both long episodes and episode starts had a significantly greater reduction for effective medications starting in the first 1‐2 weeks. In this larger dataset, a ≥50% decrease in episode starts was 90% specific for efficacy with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 67%, and a ≥84% decrease in long episodes was 80% specific with a PPV of 48%. Conversely, a <25% decrease in long episodes (including any increase) or a <20% decrease in episode starts had a predictive value for inefficacy of >80%.SignificanceIn RNS System patients with stable detection settings, when new ASDs are started, detection rates within the first 1‐2 weeks may provide an early, objective indication of efficacy. These data could be used to identify responses to medication trials early to allow more rapid medication adjustments than conventionally possible.
The prohibition to abuse one's human rights: A theory
Authors: Wagrandl Ulrich 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSupporters of communism, national socialism and radical Islamism, but also people who incite racial hatred or deny the Holocaust, see their rights severely curtailed by the abuse clause of Article 17 of the European Convention on Human Rights. To make sense of this provision, this paper first introduces the distinction between abusable and non‐abusable rights in order to delimit the scope of Article 17. Then, this paper suggests a “test” to spot instances of abuse of human rights by borrowing the concept of performative self‐contradiction from speech act theory. Article 17 is reconceptualised as dealing with conduct that self‐contradictorily uses rights but simultaneously denies their very idea. In this way, it becomes possible to make sense of and to unify the disparate case law that Article 17 has generated so far: it equally targets political human rights abuse, attacking liberal democracy in general; and exclusionary human rights abuse, attacking the rights of other people.
Gender and career optimism—The effects of gender‐specific perceptions of lecturer support, career barriers and self‐efficacy on career optimism
Authors: Aymans Stephanie C. , Kortsch Timo , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFemale university graduates tend to have less career success than their male counterparts. Career optimism is considered a crucial predictor of future career success, but little is known about predictors of career optimism. Based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT), we hypothesised that both perceived lecturer support and perceived career barriers impact career optimism via students’ self‐efficacy, and differentiated the model along gender lines using a subgroup path analysis. Two hundred and thirty‐two undergraduate psychology students from German universities answered an online questionnaire. Results revealed that the expected indirect effect of perceived lecturer support and perceived career barriers on career optimism via self‐efficacy was only identifiable in women. For men, we found a direct connection between perceived lecturer support and career optimism, as well as that an increase in perceived career barriers reduced males’ self‐efficacy. We were unable to identify any sex differences in career optimism.
Impact of surgery and adjuvant treatment on the outcome of extraocular sebaceous carcinoma: a systematic review and individual patient's data analysis of 206 cases
Authors: Giridhar Prashanth , Kashyap Lakhan , Mallick Supriya , Dutt Upadhyay Ashish , Rath Goura K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundExtraocular sebaceous carcinoma (EOSC) is an aggressive malignancy of the sebaceous gland. Surgery is considered the cornerstone of treatment, but there is lack of clarity about extent and adjuvant treatment.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and analysis of individual patient data of all published cases of EOSC to look into demography, pattern of care, importance of type of surgery, and other adjuvant treatment and survival outcome. A search of PubMed and Google Scholar was done with the key words sebaceous carcinoma, extraocular sebaceous carcinoma, and Muir‐Torre syndrome till December 2017. The data were compiled in an Excel chart and analyzed using SPSS IBM software.ResultsData of 206 patients were retrieved. Median age at presentation was 65 years (range: 11–96 years). Surgery was performed in all except 13 patients. Of these 13, eight were deemed inoperable for extensive disease, and five had metastatic disease. Median PFS and OS for the entire cohort were 84 months (95% CI: 10–158 months) and 92 months (95% CI: 59–126 months). Univariate analysis revealed significantly poor survival for patients with a metastatic disease, regional nodal metastasis, and those with Mohs micrographic or incomplete surgery.ConclusionEOSC is a disease of elderly patients with good prognosis. Complete surgery with regional lymph node dissection is standard treatment. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy is debatable but can be considered in patients with incomplete surgery or high‐risk factors.
The consumer's index
Authors: ten Raa Thijs 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConsumer's surplus measures the area under the demand curve between two prices, but is path dependent. There exists a path such that consumer's surplus tracks utility and an explicit formula is known for CES utilities. This paper shows that the CES‐based formula holds for any homothetic utility, and I call it the consumer's index. The index modifies consumer's surplus in two ways: the change in income is measured by its growth factor and the area under the demand curve is normalized by income.
Effects of credit limit on efficiency and welfare in a simple general equilibrium model
Authors: Pham Ngoc‐Sang , Pham Hien 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe consider a simple general equilibrium model with two agents under the presence of financial market imperfections. Agents can borrow to realize their productive project up to the level of debt whose repayment reaches a fraction of the project's value (the so‐called credit limit). After characterizing the whole set of equilibria, we investigate the connection between credit limit, (individual and social) welfare, and efficiency. We also compute the optimal credit limit which maximizes the social welfare function.
Pollution and growth: The role of pension in the efficiency of health and environmental policies
Authors: Ngami Armel , Seegmuller Thomas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes the effect of a pay‐as‐you‐go pension system on the evolution of capital and pollution, and on the efficiency of an environmental versus health policy. In an overlapping generations model, we introduce endogenous longevity that depends on pollution and health expenditures. Global dynamics may display multiple balanced growth paths (BGPs). We show that by discouraging savings, a policy that promotes the pension system enlarges the environmental poverty trap. More surprisingly, the environmental policy has contrasting effects according to the significance of the pension system. If it has a small size, a more environmentally‐friendly policy enlarges the environmental poverty trap and leads to a rise in capital over pollution at the highest stationary equilibrium. In contrast, in economies where intergenerational solidarity is well developed, capital over pollution decreases at the highest BGP. In such a case, the environmental policy does not necessarily lead to a better longevity and growth.