bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alteration of the Iron Level in Iron-overloaded Mice by Magnetospirillum Gryphiswaldense
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Fazlollah , Siadat Seyed Davar , Setayesh Tahereh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMagnetospirillum gryphiswaldense (MSR-1), a type of magnetotactic bacteria are capable of forming magnetosomes, which are nanometer-sized particles and membrane-enclosed organelles containing crystals of magnetite (Fe3O4). For the synthesis of magnetosomes, bacteria require a significant amount of iron. Iron is an essential element for most life on earth; however, the elevation of iron level leads to hemochromatosis.This research aimed to investigate whether MSR-1 has an impact on the alteration of iron levels in mammalian cells in vivo.Female BALB/c were received intraperitonealinjections of iron-dextran (100mg/kg b.w.) 2 times per week for four consecutive weeks, and the iron was allowed to equilibrate for 15 days. The MSR-1 (109 in 200 µl PBS)were injected into healthy (C+MSR-1) and iron overloaded (IO+MSR-1) mice. The control healthy (C+ no MSR-1) and control iron overloaded (IO+ no MSR-1) mice received PBS. After the administration of bacteria, the viable bacterial numbers were evaluated in mice. Iron levels in serum and liver, as well as urinary iron exertion, were detected.ResultsBacteria were not detected in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes of mice after 72 hours of post-injection. Serum iron and total liver iron levels in C+MSR-1 were reduced compare to C-MSR-1 (by 42.1% and 34.1%), respectively. Moreover, similar patterns were observed in IO+MSR-1 compare to IO+ no MSR-1, 42.1% iron reduction in serum, and 32.1% in the liver after 24h of post-injection. The urinary iron exertion was dramatically increased (by 3-fold) compared to groups with no MSR-1. ConclusionOur results suggest that MSR-1 can reduce the iron in iron-overloaded mice and, therefore, may inhibit the organ damage caused by excess iron. Our research on optimizing the biological magnetic system is continuing.
The patient-reported impact of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in the real world: the design and conduct of a digital lifestyle study (CMT&amp;Me)
Authors: Thomas Florian P , Saporta Mario , Attarian Shahram , Sevilla Teresa , Mascaró Rafael Sivera , Fabrizi Gian Maria , Genovese Filippo , Gray Amy , Bull Simon , Tanesse Daniel , Rego Manuel , Moore Allison , Hollett Courtney , Monteiro Katia , Paoli Xavier , Llewellyn Samuel , Larkin Mark , Boutalbi Youcef 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is a rare, chronic, progressive motor and sensory neuropathy that affects the peripheral nervous system, leading to progressive, predominantly distal muscle weakness, atrophy, sensory loss and progressive limb dysfunction. As with many rare diseases, there is a lack of patient-reported data with which to understand and address patient needs. This study aims to explore the real-world impact of CMT from the patient perspective.
Methods
This is a prospective, digital lifestyle study of at least 2,000 people with CMT, ≥ 18 years, resident in the following countries: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and the USA. Participants will be recruited using community-based methods, via patient advocacy groups, social media, and word of mouth. Participants will use a smartphone application (CMT&Me) to check eligibility, provide consent, and contribute data. The dataset will include: 1) personal profile on enrolment – demographics, lifestyle characteristics, diagnosis, and current and previous treatments; 2) a selection of validated generic and disease-specific patient-reported outcome instruments: EuroQol 5 Dimensions 5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS™) Pain Intensity 3a, Pain Interference 6b and Sleep Disturbance 8a, Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ), Falls Efficacy Scale – International (FES-I), Lower Extremity Function Scale (LEFS), and Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder & Hand (QuickDASH). Descriptive data analysis will be conducted upon registration of the 1,000th participant and at 12-monthly intervals from study launch.
Conclusions
This digital, patient-reported study is designed to help researchers and clinicians understand the real-world impact of CMT and the unmet needs of patients.
Prevalence, Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from a Tertiary Hospital in Malawi
Authors: Chisale Master , Kumwenda Pizga , Adukwu Emmanuel C. , Tabe Ebot S. , Ujor Victor C , Kamudumuli Pocha S. , Ngwira Maono , Wu Joseph 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBacterial infections are a significant cause of sickness and death in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed at establishing the prevalence, distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of major bacterial isolates from patients attending a tertiary hospital in Malawi. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed bacteria culture and antibiotic sensitivity records for 4,617 patients from 2002 to 2014 at Mzuzu Central Hospital (MCH). No inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed. Data was analysed using excel and SPSS programs. ResultsThe most prevalent isolates were S. aureus (34.7%, n= 783), Klebsiella species (17.4%, n= 393) and Proteus species (11.4%, n = 256). Most pathogens were isolated from adults (88.3%, n=3889) and pus was the main source (69.3%, n = 1224). S. pneumoniae was predominantly isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (60.3%, n = 44) largely collected from children (88.2%, n =64). Overall, most bacteria exhibited high resistant to all regularly used antibiotics excluding ciprofloxacin. ConclusionsOur report demonstrates an increase in bacteria burden in sites other than the blood stream and subsequent increase in prevalence of antimicrobial resistance for all major isolates. Creating an epidemiological survey unit at MCH will be essential to help inform better treatment and management options for patients with bacterial infections.
Short-Term Outcome and Characteristics of Critical Care for Non-Trauma Patients in the Emergency Department
Authors: Kreß Jessika Stefanie , Rüppel Marc , Haake Hendrik , Dahl Jürgen vom , Bergrath Sebastian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Emergency medical care for critically ill patients varies between different emergency departments (ED) and health care systems, while resuscitation of trauma patients is always performed within the ED. In many ED critically ill patients are treated and stabilized while in many German ED they are transferred to intensive care units (ICU) without performing of critical care measures in the ED. Against this background we conducted this retrospective analysis of prospectively collected critically ill patients treated with an ED critical care concept in a 754-bed teaching hospital. Methods: The collective of prospectively collected critically ill patients (October 1st 2018 to March 31st 2019) was analysed after ethical approval. Patient characteristics, performed critical care measures, short-term outcomes and the comparison of admission characteristics between survivors and non-survivors were evaluated. Additionally the accordance of ED diagnoses and discharge diagnoses were analysed.Results: Overall 243/19,854 patients (1.22%) were treated within the resuscitation room. After exclusion of trauma patients, 193 critically ill patients were included. Overall mortality was 29% (n=56), 24-hour mortality was 13% (n=25). Patient characteristics (vital signs, blood gas analysis) differed significantly between survivors and non-survivors except for respiratory rate and pain scale. Conducted critical care measures (number ± standard deviation; e.g. endotracheal intubation, arterial-line): 4.06±1.73 (survivors) and 4.70±2.0 (non-survivors) p=0.0453. The length of ED stay was 148.2±202.7 min. Admission diagnoses matched with hospital discharge diagnoses in 73.7%.Conclusions: Critical care stabilisation of non-trauma patients was feasible in routine care. The observed mortality was high and non-survivors showed significantly more impaired vital parameters and blood gas analysis parameters. Vital parameters together with blood gas analysis enable ED risk stratification of CIP. Although a first diagnostic workup was performed within the ED, admission and discharge diagnoses matched only in 73.7%. However, stabilisation and diagnostic workup of CIP enables optimal allocation to specialized ICUs. Future (randomised) trials have to evaluate of resuscitation room stabilisation for non-trauma patients is beneficial in contrast to direct ICU admission. Trial registration: The study was registered retrospectively in the Clinical Trials Centre of the RWTH Aachen University (Germany), registration number CTC-A 20-131.
Prevalence and associated factors of caesarean section in Ethiopia: systematic review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Azene Abebaw Gedef , Aragaw Abiba Mihret 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Globally, maternal mortality is a serious public health concern. Caesarean section with reasonable medical indication reduces maternal mortality. In Ethiopia, a number of studies about prevalence and associated factors of C-section among mothers were conducted. The findings of these studies were inconsistently reported and more variable. Nationally, the prevalence of C-section isn’t estimated. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate pooled prevalence of C-section and its associated factors among mothers in Ethiopia.

Methods

International (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Google) and national (Ethiopian medical journal, Addis Ababa University Digital Library and Haramya University Digital Library) electronic databases were systematically searched from August 1 to October 1, 2019. All observational studies noted the prevalence of C-section and its associated factors among mothers in Ethiopia were included. Two authors (AG and AM) independently extracted all essential data using a standardized data extraction format. The extracted data were analyzed using STATA Version 14.1statistical software. We assessed heterogeneity among the included studies through the Cochrane Q test statistics and I 2 test. Lastly, a random effects meta-analysis model was fitted to estimate overall prevalence of C-section and its associated factors.

Results

Our search identified 573 studies amongst which 25 representing 53,381 participants were included for the final analysis stage. We found that the overall prevalence of C-section among mothers in Ethiopia was 29% (95%CI: 25, 32). Furthermore the subgroup analysis revealed that the highest pooled prevalence was observed in the Addis Ababa administrative city (35%) followed by Amhara (27%) and the smallest was observed in Oromia (25.6%). Mothers having a history of previous C-section (OR: 7.63, 95% CI: 3.29, 17.68) and delivery place (OR: 4.63, 95%CI: 2.06, 10.29) were statistically significant association with C-section.

Conclusion

In this study, the prevalence of C-section among mothers was 29% in Ethiopia which are high. This finding is twice higher than WHO recommendation, which not beyond 15%. Mothers’ having history of previous C-section and delivery place was factors associated with C-section among mothers in Ethiopia. We recommend that the Minster of health should give intervention about C-section in a private institution.
Association of Lipoprotein (a) and Coronary Artery Lesion and In-hospital Outcomes in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Wu Baoquan , Zhao Hanjun , Liu Changhua , Lu Hao , Liu Ruishuang , Long Juan , Zhang Zhiling , Zeng Fanfang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Current study was to evaluate association of Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and coronary artery lesion and in-hospital outcomes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: Baseline characteristics, characteristics of coronary artery lesion, medications use, and cardiovascular events during hospitalization were collected. Based on Lp(a) level, patients were divided into low (< 30 mg/dL) and high (≥ 30 mg/dL) groups. Results: Compared to those with low Lp(a), patients with high Lp(a) had larger numbers of coronary arteries ≥ 70% stenosis and longer coronary artery lesion (P<0.05). Patients with high Lp(a) were more likely to have left anterior descending artery lesion, pre-PCI TIMI flow grade 0 and post-PCI TIMI flow grade 2, and type C coronary lesion (P<0.05). After adjustment, high Lp(a) remained associated with higher odds of having coronary artery ≥ 70% stenosis, type C coronary lesion and pre-PCI TIME flow grade 1/0. Compared to those with low Lp(a), patients with high Lp(a) had a higher unadjusted odds of acute stent thrombosis (odds ratio [OR] 1.10 and 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-2.27), congestive heart failure (OR 1.24 and 95% CI 1.15-2.38) and composite in-hospital outcomes (OR 1.28 and 95% CI 1.18-2.42). After adjustment, patients with high Lp(a) remained had a higher odds of congestive heart failure (OR 1.08 and 95% CI 1.01-1.78) and composite in-hospital outcomes (OR 1.12 and 95% CI 1.04-1.81).Conclusion: High Lp(a) was associated with more severe coronary artery lesion, and higher risk of congestive heart failure and composite in-hospital outcomes.
α-Hederin Inhibits the Growth of Lung Cancer A549 Cells in vitro and in vivo by Increasing SIRT6 Dependent Glycolysis
Authors: fang cong , Liu Yahui , Chen Lanying , Luo Yingying , Cui Yaru , Zhang Ni , Liu Peng , Zhou Mengjing , Xie Yongyan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: α-hederin an effective component of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, Studies showed that α-hederin exert many pharmacological activities, However, the effect of α-hederin on metabolism is still unclear. This study aimed to illuminate the role of α-hederin in glucose metabolism in lung cancer cells and investigate the molecular mechanism of α-hederin. Methods: CCK8 and colony formation assays were employed to assess the anti-proliferative effects induced by α-hederin. Glucose uptake, ATP generation, and reduced lactate production were measured using kits, and an A549 tumor xenograft mouse model of lung cancer was used to assess the in vivo antitumor effect of α-hederin (5, 10 mg/kg). Glycolytic-related key enzymes hexokinase 2 (HK2), glucose transporters 1 (GLUT1), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), monocarboxylate transporter (MCT4), c-Myc, Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) protein expression were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemical staining and SIRT6 inhibitors was verified in A549 cells. Results: Our results showed that cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by α-hederin in a dose-dependent manner and that α-hederin inhibited glucose uptake and ATP generation and reduced lactate production. Furthermore, α-hederin remarkably inhibited HK2, GLUT1, PKM2, LDHA, MCT4, c-Myc, HIF-1α and activated SIRT6 protein expression. Using inhibitors, we proved that α-hederin inhibits glycolysis by activating SIRT6. Moreover, a tumor xenograft mouse model of lung cancer further confirmed that α-hederin inhibits lung cancer growth via inhibiting glycolysis in vivo. Conclusions: α-hederin inhibits the growth of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by inhibiting glycolysis. The mechanism of glycolysis inhibition includes α-hederin activating the expression of the glycolytic related protein SIRT6.
Knowledge Levels Among Elderly People With Diabetes Mellitus Concerning COVID-19: an Educational Intervention via a Teleservice
Authors: Filho Bartolomeu Fagundes de Lima , Bessa Nathalia Priscilla Oliveira Silva , Fernandes Ana Clara Teixeira , Patrício Íkaro Felipe da Silva , Alves Nadja de Oliveira , Cavalcanti Fabricia Azevedo da Costa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aim To investigate knowledge levels concerning COVID-19 in elderly patients with T2DM through an educational intervention at a call center.Methods This cross-sectional, quantitative, observational, and descriptive study was undertaken among elderly individuals with T2DM involved in a body balance rehabilitation program that had been suspended due to social isolation. Study participants comprised elderly individuals with T2DM, contactable using fixed or mobile telephones. Data concerning participants’ socioeconomic variables, depressive symptoms, and knowledge of COVID-19 were collated, using a Brazil Ministry of Health guidelines checklist. Mann-Whitney and Spearman’s correlation tests were used to analyze their responses.Results Of 30 elderly participants, 76.7% were women and 63.3% were married. The most cited information medium was television (96.6%). Of a possible 24 correct responses on the checklist, the median correct response score was 7.5. No significant relationship was observed between the total checklist score and the variables studied.Conclusion Elderly participants did not have in-depth knowledge concerning COVID-19, which suggests that their knowledge sources may be deficient or that their capacity to retain information was inadequate.
Fabrication of High-Entropy Disilicide Nanopowders via Molten Salt-Assisted Magnesium Thermal Reduction
Authors: Liu Honghua , Ning Shanshan , Du B. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this work, (Nb 0.25 Ta 0.25 Ti 0.25 Hf 0.25 )Si 2 high-entropy disilicide nanopowders were successfully fabricated via molten salt-assisted magnesium thermal reduction for the first time. The results showed that the as-obtained nanopowders possessed a single hexagonal structure (TaSi 2 -type) and consisted of numerous nanopowders with an average particle size of 55 nm . These nanopowders exhibited highly compositional uniformity at microscale , but shown the aggregation of Ti element at nanoscale. In addition, a typical template formation mechanism was proposed and analyzed in detailed. This work would provide a new way to synthesis of high-entropy disilicise powders for potential high-temperature harsh environment applications.
End-to-end COVID-19 screening with 3D deep learning on chest computed tomography
Authors: Yang Kun , Liu Xinfeng , Yang Yingli , Liao Xiangjun , Wang Rongpin , Zeng Xianchun , Wang Yuxiang , Zhang Mudan , Zhang Tijiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The outbreak of an acute respiratory syndrome (called novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has now progressed to a pandemic, and became the most common threat to public death worldwide[i],[ii]. COVID-19 screening using computed tomography (CT) can perform a quick diagnosis and identify high-risk NCP patients[iii]. Automated screening using CT volumes is a challenging task owing to inter-grader variability and high false-positive and false-negative rates. We propose a three dimensional (3D) deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNN) that use a patient’s CT volume to predict the risk of COVID-19, trained end-to-end from CT volumes directly, using only images and disease labels as inputs. Our model achieves a state-of-the-art performance (95.78% overall accuracy, 99.4% area under the curve) on a dataset of 1,684 COVID-19 patients, nearly twice larger than previous datasets3, and performs similarly on an independent clinical validation set of 121 cases. We tested its performance against six radiologists on clinical confirmed patient’ CT volumes, our model outperformed all six radiologists with absolute reductions of 7% in false positives and 35.9% in false negatives, demonstrating artificial intelligence (AI) capable to optimize the COVID-19 screening process via computer assistance and automation with a level of competence comparable to radiologists. While the vast majority of patients remain unscreened, we show the potential for AI to increase the accuracy and consistency of COVID-19 screening with CT.
A novel patient-specific three-dimensional printing template based on external fixation for pelvic screw insertion
Authors: Zhou kaihua , Tao Xingguang , Pan Fugen , Luo Congfeng , Yang Huilin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
(1) Background: To investigate the clinical effect of the novel patient-specific 3D printing templates based on external fixation for pelvic screw insertion. (2) Methods: We retrospectively studied 8 patients with pelvic fractures who were treated using this novel template from July 2017 to July 2018. During the operation, the screws were inserted with the aid of the template. The operative time per screw, radiation exposure time, and accuracy of the screw insertions as evaluated by post-operative CT scans were analyzed statistically and compared with previous outcomes using the fluoro-navigation technique. (3) Results: In the template group, a total of 9 pubis screws and 6 sacroiliac screws were inserted. The mean surgical time was 11.3 min/screw and the mean X-ray exposure time was 11.8 ± 3.9 s/screw. The mean deviation distance and angle between the actual and planned screw position was 2.6 ± 0.2 mm and 2.0 ± 0.3 degrees, and blood loss during the surgery was 12.2 ml/screw. No superficial and deep infections and no patient sustained recognized neurologic, vascular, or urologic injury occurred in the template group. The surgical time and X-ray exposure time was less than that in the fluoro-navigation group((P < 0.05) (4) Conclusions: The patient-specific template based on external fixation can guide the insertion of the pelvic screw accurately, safely and invasively and significantly reduce operation and radiation exposure time.
Microorganisms As Indoor And Outdoor Air Biological Pollution
Authors: Siebielec Sylwia , Woźniak Małgorzata , Gałązka Anna , Siebielec Grzegorz 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Air pollution is a major threat to human health. Biological air pollution is predominantly caused by the pollen of plants, fungi, bacteria and viruses. The main sources of microorganisms in the air include soil, water and the decomposition of organic matter, while anthropogenic sources are represented by landfills, wastewater treatment plants, composting facilities and traffic. Microorganism populations in the air can be seasonal or relatively constant, but the most frequent increase in their occurrence is recorded in the summer and autumn. Studies show that humidity, the presence of carbon monoxide and ozone concentrations are the main factors affecting the diversity of bacteria and the percentage of pathogenic bacteria present in outdoor air. Microorganisms in the air inside residential buildings are primarily concentrated on dust particles. Approximately 60% of dust microbiota are spores of mould fungi. The key emitters of microorganisms into the atmosphere are municipal wastewater treatment plants. The bacteria and pathogens released are potentially resistant to antibiotics, rendering the bioaerosols of wastewater treatment plants a possible hazard to human health. There is a need for further research aimed at explaining the magnitude of impacts of air microorganisms on human health.
1. Introduction. 2. Sources, transport and factors affecting the presence of microorganisms in the outdoor air. 3. Microorganisms in the air inside residential buildings. 4. Microorganisms in indoor air in offices and public spaces. 5. Microorganisms in the air of industrial facilities. 6. Bioaerosols within sewage treatment plants. 7. Air microorganisms as an important factor influencing human health. 8. Conclusions