bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the defect localization and size on the success of third-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation in the knee joint
Authors: Niethammer Thomas R. , Gallik David , Chevalier Y. , Holzgruber Martin , Baur-Melnyk Andrea , Müller Peter E. , Pietschmann Matthias F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Femoral and patellar cartilage defects with a defect size > 2.5 cm2 are a potential indication for an autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). However, the influence of the localization and the absolute and relative defect size on the clinical outcome has not yet been determined. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the localization and the absolute and relative defect size on the clinical outcome after third-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation.

Methods
A total of 50 patients with cartilage defects of the knee were treated with third-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation (Novocart® 3D). A match paired analysis was performed of 25 treated femoral and 25 treated patella defects with a follow-up of three years. MRI data was used to do the manual segmentation of the cartilage layer throughout the knee joint. The defect size was determined by taking the defect size measured in the MRI in relation to the whole cartilage area. The clinical outcome was measured by the IKDC score and VAS pre-operatively and after six, 12, 24, and 36 months post-operatively.

Results
IKDC and VAS scores showed a significant improvement from the baseline in both groups. Femoral cartilage defects showed significantly superior clinical results in the analyzed scores compared to patellar defects. The femoral group improved IKDC from 33.9 (SD 18.1) pre-operatively to 71.5 (SD 17.4) after three years and the VAS from 6.9 (SD 2.9) pre-operatively to 2.4 (SD 2.5) after three years. In the patellar group, IKDC improved from 36.1 (SD 12.6) pre-operatively to 54.7 (SD 20.3) after three years and the VAS improved from 6.7 (SD 2.8) pre-operatively to 3.4 (SD 2.) after three years. Regarding the defect size, results showed that the same absolute defect size at med FC (4.8, range 2–15) and patella (4.6, range 2–12) has a significantly different share of the total cartilaginous size of the joint compartment (med FC: 6.7, range 1.2–13.9; pat: 18.9, range 4.0–47.0). However, there was no significant influence of the relative defect size on the clinical outcome in either patellar or femoral localization.

Conclusion
Third-generation autologous chondrocyte implantation in ACI-treated femoral cartilage defects leads to a superior clinical outcome in a follow-up of three years compared with patellar defects. No significant influence of the defect size was found in either femoral or patellar cartilage defects.
Twin robotic x-ray system in small bone and joint trauma: impact of cone-beam computed tomography on treatment decisions
Authors: Grunz Jan-Peter , Pennig Lenhard , Fieber Tabea , Gietzen Carsten Herbert , Heidenreich Julius Frederik , Huflage Henner , Gruschwitz Philipp , Kuhl Philipp Josef , Petritsch Bernhard , Kosmala Aleksander , Bley Thorsten Alexander , Gassenmaier Tobias 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Trauma evaluation of extremities can be challenging in conventional radiography. A multi-use x-ray system with cone-beam CT (CBCT) option facilitates ancillary 3-D imaging without repositioning. We assessed the clinical value of CBCT scans by analyzing the influence of additional findings on therapy.

Methods
Ninety-two patients underwent radiography and subsequent CBCT imaging with the twin robotic scanner (76 wrist/hand/finger and 16 ankle/foot/toe trauma scans). Reports by on-call radiologists before and after CBCT were compared regarding fracture detection, joint affliction, comminuted injuries, and diagnostic confidence. An orthopedic surgeon recommended therapy based on reported findings. Surgical reports (N = 52) and clinical follow-up (N = 85) were used as reference standard.

Results
CBCT detected more fractures (83/64 of 85), joint involvements (69/53 of 71), and multi-fragment situations (68/50 of 70) than radiography (all p < 0.001). Six fractures suspected in radiographs were ruled out by CBCT. Treatment changes based on additional information from CBCT were recommended in 29 patients (31.5%). While agreement between advised therapy before CBCT and actual treatment was moderate (κ = 0.41 [95% confidence interval 0.35–0.47]; p < 0.001), agreement after CBCT was almost perfect (κ = 0.88 [0.83–0.93]; p < 0.001). Diagnostic confidence increased considerably for CBCT studies (p < 0.001). Median effective dose for CBCT was 4.3 μSv [3.3–5.3 μSv] compared to 0.2 μSv [0.1–0.2 μSv] for radiography.

Conclusions
CBCT provides advantages for the evaluation of acute small bone and joint trauma by detecting and excluding extremity fractures and fracture-related findings more reliably than radiographs. Additional findings induced therapy change in one third of patients, suggesting substantial clinical impact.

Key Points
• With cone-beam CT, extremity fractures and fracture-related findings can be detected and ruled out more reliably than with conventional radiography.
• Additional diagnostic information provided by cone-beam CT scans has substantial impact on therapy in small bone and joint trauma.
• For distal extremity injury assessment, one-stop-shop imaging without repositioning is feasible with the twin robotic x-ray system.
Role of Ural blocking in Arctic sea ice loss and its connection with Arctic warming in winter
Authors: Cho Dong-Jae , Kim Kwang-Yul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUral blocking (UB) is suggested as one of the contributors to winter sea ice loss in the Barents–Kara Seas (BKS). This study compares UB with Arctic warming (AW) in order to delineate the role of UB on winter sea ice loss and its potential link with AW. A detailed comparison reveals that UB and AW are partly linked on sub-seasonal scales via a two-way interaction; circulation produced by AW affects UB and advection induced by UB affects temperature in AW. On the other hand, the long-term impacts of AW and UB on the sea ice concentration in the BKS are distinct. In AW, strong turbulent flux from the sea surface warms the lower troposphere, increases downward longwave radiation, and broadens the open sea surface. This feedback process explains the substantial sea ice reduction observed in the BKS in association with long-term accelerating trend. Patterns of turbulent flux, net evaporation, and net longwave radiation at surface associated with UB are of opposite signs to those associated with AW, which implies that moisture and heat flux is suppressed as warm and moist air is advected from mid-latitudes. As a result, vertical feedback process is hindered under UB. The qualitative and quantitative differences arise in terms of their impacts on sea ice concentrations in the BKS, because strong turbulent flux from the open sea surface is a main driving force in AW whereas heat and moisture advection is a main forcing in UB.
Building information modelling knowledge harvesting for energy efficiency in the Construction industry
Authors: Hodorog Andrei , Petri Ioan , Rezgui Yacine , Hippolyte Jean-Laurent 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The recent adoption of building information modelling (BIM), and the quest to decarbonise our built environment, has impacted several segments of the supply chain, including design and engineering practitioners, prompting the need to redefine the construction personnel positions along with associated skills and competencies. The research informs ways in which practitioners can fully embrace the potential of BIM for energy efficiency to promote sustainable interventions by improving existing training practices and identifying new training requirements as BIM evolves and as practitioners’ ICT (Information and Communications Technology) maturity levels improve. This is achieved by adopting a novel text-mining approach which analyses social media alongside secondary sources of evidence to establish a level of correlation between BIM roles and skills. The use of ontological dependency analysis has helped to understand the degree of correlation of skills with roles as a method to inform training and educational programmes. A key outcome from the research is a semantic web-based mining environment which determines BIM roles and skills, as well as their correlation factor, with an application for energy efficiency. The paper also evidences that (a) construction skills and roles are dynamic in nature and evolve over time, reflecting the digital transformation of the Construction industry, and (b) the importance of socio-organisational aspects in construction skills and related training provision.

Graphic abstract
Are teachers’ subjective feelings linked with need-supportive and need-thwarting motivating styles? A cross-lagged pilot study in physical education
Authors: Burel Nicolas , Tessier Damien , Langdon Jody 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article examines the relations between the teachers’ subjective feeling and their motivating teaching style during physical education lessons. Doing so, it aimed at better understanding the emotional antecedents of the teaching behaviors. Twelve volunteer physical education teachers were filmed with their respective classes to assess the motivating style they used during their intervention. Immediately after, the subjective feelings they felt during the lesson were assessed using the affective slider in a video-based session. Cross-lagged multilevel modeling was then performed, controlling for emotional exhaustion level and demographic factors. Results showed that, at the within level, subjective pleasant feelings predicted positively the relatedness-supportive dimension of the motivating style, and negatively the controlling dimension. At the between level, the controlling dimension of the motivating style was positively related to the pleasant subjective feelings while the relatedness-thwarting dimension was negatively related to them. While literature has mainly examined the cognitive antecedents of teachers’ motivating styles, this study emphasizes the emotional processes occurring during the lesson. Based on the conceptual framework of teachers’ emotions model proposed by Frenzel (2014), results indicate that teachers react to their subjective feelings, modifying the way they interact with students accordingly. In parallel with cognitive determinants of teaching, the emotional dimension thus deserves to be more deeply considered in future teaching training programs.
Blunting EU Regulation 1107/2009: following a regulation into a system of agricultural innovation
Authors: Payne-Gifford Sophie , Srinivasan C. S. , Dorward Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the role of regulation and legislation on influencing the development and diffusion of technologies and methods of crop production. To do this, the change in pesticide registration under European Regulation 1107/2009 ‘Placing Plant Protection Products on the Market’ was followed through the UK’s agricultural system of innovation. Fieldwork included: a series of interviews conducted with scientists, agronomists and industry organisations; a programme of visiting agricultural events; as well as sending an electronic survey to British potato growers. The innovation system is noted to have made the legislation less restrictive than originally proposed. The most notable system response to the legislation is the adjustment of agrochemical company pesticide discovery strategy and their expansion into biologically derived treatments. There have also been other innovation responses: agricultural seed companies have been breeding in pathogen resistance in their cultivars; agricultural consultancies are prepared to recommend pathogen-resistant seeds; scientists are using the change as justification for adopting their solutions; the agricultural levy boards funded research into off-label pesticide uses; and producers, potato growers in particular, have been seeking advice, but not changing their growing practices.
Concentration of dioxin and screening level ecotoxicity of pore water from bottom sediments in relation to organic carbon contents
Authors: Baran Agnieszka , Urbaniak Magdalena , Szara Magdalena , Tarnawski Marek 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe information about concentrations of dioxin in pore water, ecotoxicity and DOC and TOC content can be key factor for the prediction of the fate of dioxins in the aquatic environment as well as an ecological risk assessment. The aims of the study were to assess the concentration of PCDDs/PCDFs and ecotoxicity of pore water and to compare above results in relation to the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total organic carbon (TOC) content. The concentration of dioxins was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunoassay test, while the ecotoxicity of pore water was determined using a crustacean Daphnia magna and bacteria Aliivibrio fischeri. The studies were conducted on two different dammed reservoirs Rożnów (catchment basin of an agricultural character) and Rybnik (catchment basin of an industrial character) located in southern Poland. The concentration of dioxins in pore water was between 8.56 to 90.92 ng EQ/L, with a significantly higher concentration in the pore water from the Rożnów Reservoir than the Rybnik Reservoir. The DOC content in pore water was from 30.29 to 63.02 mg/L (Rożnów Reservoir) and from 35.46 to 60.53 mg/L (Rybnik Reservoir). Higher toxic responses were recorded for A. fischeri than for D. magna. Moreover a significantly higher toxicity for both tested organisms was indicated in pore water from the Rożnów Reservoir. Besides of TOC and DOC, the fine fractions of the sediments were particularly important in the concentration of dioxin in pore water. The other pore water parameters, such as pH and EC can influence the toxicity of water for organisms. The result indicate complex relationships between the PCDD/F, ecotoxicity and DOC, TOC concentration in pore water and confirms that these parameters are important in terms of water environmental contamination.
Review: The Use of Bench-Scale Tests to Determine Toxic Organic Compounds in Fire Effluents and to Subsequently Estimate Their Impact on the Environment
Authors: Peeters Kelly , Ursič Matija , Tavzes Črtomir , Knez Friderik 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGenerated fire effluents are toxic and responsible for the majority of fire deaths and injuries. Therefore, measures of fire safety and the assessment of toxic effects of fires on humans, which are the key factors to assess fire hazards, have been researched in the last decades. However, it is more and more recognized that there is also a need to assess the environmental impact of toxic compounds within fire effluents. Since ecotoxicology investigates the toxic effects of fire effluents on populations, interactions between ecology and toxicology are very important. These interactions may be complex and may involve research of food chains with several different trophic levels. This makes tracing of toxicants, to obtain reliable results, a real challenge. To tackle it, the bench-scale test is a cheaper and less complex method than large-scale fire simulations. Progress in the field of ecotoxicological studies is important because long-term exposure from the environment and bioaccumulation of toxic compounds in the human food chain may cause indirect health effects on humans. It is also an important tool for the general protection of the environment and biodiversity. Last, with data obtained from these studies, databases for the Life Cycle Assessment of construction materials can be improved.
Effects of phosphorus control on primary productivity and deep-water oxygenation: insights from Lake Lugano (Switzerland and Italy)
Authors: Lepori Fabio , Capelli Camilla 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAttempts to restore Lake Lugano, Switzerland and Italy, from eutrophication have produced weak responses in the target variables (primary productivity and hypolimnetic oxygen concentrations), indicating shortcomings in the underlying eutrophication model. An analysis of monitoring data showed that the decrease in phosphorus concentration, although nearly compliant with restoration targets, produced only slight decreases in primary productivity and no change in hypolimnetic oxygen conditions. These target variables were equally or more sensitive to factors external to trophic state, including plankton structure, which influenced primary productivity, and the depth of mixing during turnovers, which influenced hypolimnetic oxygen. To improve the chance of success, the restoration approach should revise the phosphorus concentration target and explicitly account for the influence of external variation, especially mixing depth.
Digital Nudging in Social Media Disaster Communication
Authors: Mirbabaie Milad , Ehnis Christian , Stieglitz Stefan , Bunker Deborah , Rose Tanja 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSocial media has become an important channel of communication in emergency and disaster management. Emergency Management Agencies can distribute helpful and important information to the general public and also gather information to enrich their management efforts. This, however, remains challenging since several communication-related barriers occur. This study investigates how the concept of Nudging, a form of behaviour adjustment, can be applied to address these barriers. A Systematic Literature Review and qualitative social media data analysis methods were applied to explore the potential of digital nudges on social media. Twelve forms of digital nudges could be identified in the data that influenced the visibility of the messages they occurred in. The results suggest that Digital Nudging on Social Media is a promising approach to use in emergency and disaster communication.
Cultured and packed sea grapes (Caulerpa lentillifera): effect of different irradiances on photosynthesis
Authors: Stuthmann Lara Elisabeth , Springer Karin , Kunzmann Andreas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe green macroalga Caulerpa lentillifera (sea grapes, green caviar) is a promising source for future nutrition due to its beneficial composition for human consumption. It is cultured in tidal ponds, mainly in Vietnam and the Philippines, and stored for shipment and retail in plastic containers, like polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), exhibiting different properties. This study investigates the influence of irradiances on the physiology of sea grapes under culture and packaging ambience in PET using pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. Fv/Fm values of C. lentillifera significantly decreased < 0.54 ± 0.06 standard deviation (SD) after 7 days of culture under 100 μmol photons m−2 s−1, but with the potential of recovery. In packaging ambience in the state of desiccation, sea grapes exposed to room irradiances (3 μmol photons m−2 s−1) for 12 days were still physiologically in a good condition (Fv/Fm = 0.70 ± 0.06). However, 12 days under irradiances of 70 μmol photons m−2 s−1 leads to decreased Fv/Fm (0.42 ± 0.11) and a moisture content of 88.2 ± 3.3% of initial. After re-immersion in sea water under room irradiances, Fv/Fm values recovered to a certain degree. In darkness, desiccation was followed by a decrease of Fv/Fm to 0.09 ± 0.19 and moisture content of 49.3 ± 20.2% of initial with no recovery after re-immersion under room irradiances. Results suggest shading of C. lentillifera in pond culture and PET containers as suitable packaging for sea grapes, but a dim light source should be provided during storage.
The Pregnancy Outcomes Among Newly Arrived Asylum-Seekers in Italy: Implications of Public Health
Authors: Fontanelli Sulekova Lucia , Spaziante Martina , Vita Serena , Zuccalà Paola , Mazzocato Valentina , Spagnolello Ornella , Lopalco Maurizio , Pacifici Laura Elena , Bello Luca , Borrazzo Cristian , Angeletti Silvia , Ciccozzi Massimo , Ceccarelli Giancarlo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Migration has a significant impact on overall health and pregnancy outcome. Despite the fact that growing volume of migration flows significantly engaging the public health system of European host countries, there is a lack of evidence concerning pregnancy outcomes of newly arrived asylum-seeking women.

Methods
Data about pregnant asylum seekers hosted in the Italian Reception Centers between the 1 st June 2016 and the 1st June 2018 were retrospectively collected and analysed in the present study. We examined the following pregnancy outcomes: miscarriage, self-induced abortion, voluntary pregnancy termination, live-birth; and studied potentially related socio-demographic factors.

Results
Out of the 110 pregnant women living in the reception centers, 44 (40%) had eutocic delivery, 8 (7.3%) dystocic delivery, 15 (13.6%) miscarriage, 17 (15.5%) self-induced abortion and 26 (23.6%) underwent voluntary pregnancy termination. Nigerian women were at a significantly higher risk of abortive outcomes for voluntary pregnancy termination (p < 0.001), miscarriage (p = 0.049) and self-induced abortion (p < 0.001). Being unmarried was significantly associated with voluntary pregnancy termination and self-induced abortion. Women who chose to undergo unsafe abortion did not result to have significantly lower educational levels, compared to women who preferred medical abortion.

Conclusion
This study offers first insights into pregnancy outcomes among asylum-seeking women in Italy. The country of origin and marital status seem to significantly impact on pregnancy outcome. We identified sub-groups of migrant women at increased risk of abortive outcomes, and highlight the need to improve care in order to promote migrant women’s reproductive health.
Conditional t-SNE: more informative t-SNE embeddings
Authors: Kang Bo , García García Darío , Lijffijt Jefrey , Santos-Rodríguez Raúl , De Bie Tijl 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDimensionality reduction and manifold learning methods such as t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) are frequently used to map high-dimensional data into a two-dimensional space to visualize and explore that data. Going beyond the specifics of t-SNE, there are two substantial limitations of any such approach: (1) not all information can be captured in a single two-dimensional embedding, and (2) to well-informed users, the salient structure of such an embedding is often already known, preventing that any real new insights can be obtained. Currently, it is not known how to extract the remaining information in a similarly effective manner. We introduce conditional t-SNE (ct-SNE), a generalization of t-SNE that discounts prior information in the form of labels. This enables obtaining more informative and more relevant embeddings. To achieve this, we propose a conditioned version of the t-SNE objective, obtaining an elegant method with a single integrated objective. We show how to efficiently optimize the objective and study the effects of the extra parameter that ct-SNE has over t-SNE. Qualitative and quantitative empirical results on synthetic and real data show ct-SNE is scalable, effective, and achieves its goal: it allows complementary structure to be captured in the embedding and provided new insights into real data.