bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal microbial communities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) may be improved by feeding a Hermetia illucens meal/low-fishmeal diet
Authors: Rimoldi Simona , Antonini Micaela , Gasco Laura , Moroni Federico , Terova Genciana 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWith demands and reliance on aquaculture still growing, there are various challenges to allow sustainable growth and the shift from fishmeal (FM) to other protein sources in aquafeed formulations is one of the most important. In this regard, interest in the use of insect meal (IM) in aquafeeds has grown rapidly. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of dietary IM from Hermetia illucens (Hi) larvae included in a low-FM diet on gut microbial communities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), in terms of both composition and function of microbiome. A feeding trial was conducted using 192 trout of about 100-g mean initial weight. Fish were fed in quadruplicate (4 tanks/diet) for 131 days with two diets: the control (Ctrl) contained 20% of FM as well as other protein sources, whereas the Hi diet contained 15% of Hi larvae meal to replace 50% of the FM contained in the Ctrl diet. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene was used to identify the major feed and gut bacterial taxa, whereas Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis was performed on gut bacterial genomes to identify the major active biological pathways. The inclusion of IM led to an increase in Firmicutes, mainly represented by Bacilli class and to a drastic reduction of Proteobacteria. Beneficial genera, such as Lactobacillus and Bacillus, were enriched in the gut of fish fed with the Hi diet, whereas the number of bacteria assigned to the pathogenic Aeromonas genus was drastically reduced in the same fish group. The metagenome functional data provided evidence that dietary IM inclusion can shape the metabolic activity of trout gut microbiota. In particular, intestinal microbiome of fish fed with IM may have the capacity to improve dietary carbohydrate utilization. Therefore, H. illucens meal is a promising protein source for trout nutrition, able to modulate gut microbial community by increasing the abundance of some bacteria taxa that are likely to play a key role in fish health.
Perceptions and Knowledge About the MenB Vaccine Among Parents of High School Students
Authors: Richardson Eric , Ryan Kathleen A. , Lawrence Robert M. , Harle Christopher A. , Young Alyson , Livingston Melvin D. , Rawal Amit , Staras Stephanie A. S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSerogroup B meningococcal disease (MenB) causes almost 60% of meningitis cases among adolescents and young adults. Yet, MenB vaccine coverage among adolescents remains below 10%. Since parents are the primary medical decision makers for adolescents, we examined MenB vaccination rates and parent attitudes about meningitis and the MenB vaccine. In 2018, in conjunction with a county-wide, school-based immunization campaign, we conducted a mixed methods study among parents of 16- to 17-year-olds. We facilitated focus groups asking parents about their knowledge of meningitis and reactions to educational materials and sent behavioral surveys based on Health Belief Model constructs to parents through the county high school system. Parents in three focus groups (n = 8; participation rate = 13%) expressed confusion about their child’s need to receive the MenB vaccine in addition to the meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY), but conveyed strong trust in their physicians’ recommendation. Among survey participants (n = 170), 70 (41%) had heard of the MenB vaccine. Among those 70 parents, the most common barriers to vaccination were concerns about side effects (55%) and uncertainty of susceptibility due to receipt of the MenACWY vaccine (30%). The percentage of teens that received at least one dose of the MenB vaccine was 50% (n = 35) by parent report and 23% (n = 16) by state vaccination records. Parents demonstrated uncertainty and confusion about the MenB vaccine particularly due to the existence of another meningitis vaccine and limited health care provider recommendations. Confirmatory studies of parent confusion about the MenB vaccine are needed to develop interventions.
Convolutional Neural Networks for Semantic Segmentation as a Tool for Multiclass Face Analysis in Thermal Infrared
Authors: Müller David , Ehlen Andreas , Valeske Bernd 
Published: January 2021

AbstractConvolutional neural networks were used for multiclass segmentation in thermal infrared face analysis. The principle is based on existing image-to-image translation approaches, where each pixel in an image is assigned to a class label. We show that established networks architectures can be trained for the task of multiclass face analysis in thermal infrared. Created class annotations consisted of pixel-accurate locations of different face classes. Subsequently, the trained network can segment an acquired unknown infrared face image into the defined classes. Furthermore, face classification in live image acquisition is shown, in order to be able to display the relative temperature in real-time from the learned areas. This allows a pixel-accurate temperature face analysis e.g. for infection detection like Covid-19. At the same time our approach offers the advantage of concentrating on the relevant areas of the face. Areas of the face irrelevant for the relative temperature calculation or accessories such as glasses, masks and jewelry are not considered. A custom database was created to train the network. The results were quantitatively evaluated with the intersection over union (IoU) metric. The methodology shown can be transferred to similar problems for more quantitative thermography tasks like in materials characterization or quality control in production.
Saturnine Texts and Parodic Sunrises: Don Quixote and Le Roman Comique
Authors: de Armas Frederick A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis essay analyzes Scarron’s careful imitation of Cervantes’Don Quixote, and how many of the traits are transformed into a less complex novel. In order to comprehend this shift, the essay will look at three key elements in the two novels. While Cervantes fashions himself as a saturnine author, Scarron fails to fully self-fashion. Secondly, this piece will focus on the solar image used at the beginning of the two novels; and third we will consider the construction of the main character in these works. While both novels shadow the solar author and protagonist, Cervantes makes them into melancholy figures that conceal wisdom. Scarron, on the other hand, exhibits a noisy author/narrator that cannot abide saturnine sufferings and utilizes clatter and chaos to rail against the heavens. He is unable to turn his idealized main character (Destiny) into someone that can both be part and rise above the noise of the world.
Mucho a la Majestad sagrada agrada: un soneto en eco en los cancioneros hispano-portugueses
Authors: Pérez-Abadín Barro Soledad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMore than fifty textual sources exist for the sonnet “Mucho a la Majestad sagrada agrada”, most of them being Spanish-Portuguese manuscripts, which demonstrates that the sonnet was widespread in the Iberian Peninsula in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Our paper bears witness of this fact and, based on the available testimonies, edits the text offering all of its variants. A poetical analysis is then provided, in which the sonnet is interpreted more as a moral and homiletic discourse than a conventional funeral poem. The epigraphs offer contradictory information, identifying the deceased as Isabel de Valois or Anna de Austria while the sonnet serves as a memento mori, warning that death respects no condition or status, not even royalty. Sentences and admonishments make up for the absence of specific details in this ambiguous sonnet, where the names of the author and la “reinatal” who serves as the example of the perishable nature of the human condition, remain hidden. Both enigmas are thus inherent to the interpretation of this poem. The Cancioneiro Verdelho is added to all of the repertoires which are known sources, and this sonnet is placed at the base of a transtextual dialogue with other texts, a dialogue which proves to be revealing of the significant connexions that exist between Spanish-Portuguese cancioneros.
The ten amino acids of the oxygen-evolving enhancer of tobacco is sufficient as the peptide residues for protein transport to the chloroplast thylakoid
Authors: Ma Sang Hoon , Kim Hyun Min , Park Se Hee , Park Seo Young , Mai Thanh Dat , Do Ju Hui , Koo Yeonjong , Joung Young Hee 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Key message
The thylakoid transit peptide of tobacco oxygen-evolving enhancer protein contains a minimal ten amino acid sequences for thylakoid lumen transports. This ten amino acids do not contain twin-arginine, which is required for typical chloroplast lumen translocation.

Abstract
Chloroplasts are intracellular organelles responsible for photosynthesis to produce organic carbon for all organisms. Numerous proteins must be transported from the cytosol to chloroplasts to support photosynthesis. This transport is facilitated by chloroplast transit peptides (TPs). Four chloroplast thylakoid lumen TPs were isolated from Nicotiana tabacum and were functionally analyzed as thylakoid lumen TPs. Typical chloroplast stroma-transit peptides and thylakoid lumen transit peptides (tTPs) are found in N. tabacum transit peptides (NtTPs) and the functions of these peptides are confirmed with TP–GFP fusion proteins under fluorescence microscopy and chloroplast fractionation, followed by Western blot analysis. During the functional analysis of tTPs, we uncovered the minimum 10 amino acid sequence is sufficient for thylakoid lumen transport. These ten amino acids can efficiently translocate GFP protein, even if they do not contain the twin-arginine residues required for the twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway, which is a typical thylakoid lumen transport. Further, thylakoid lumen transporting processes through the Tat pathway was examined by analyzing tTP sequence functions and we demonstrate that the importance of hydrophobic core for the tTP cleavage and target protein translocation.
Using altmetrics for detecting impactful research in quasi-zero-day time-windows: the case of COVID-19
Authors: Boetto Erik , Fantini Maria Pia , Gangemi Aldo , Golinelli Davide , Greco Manfredi , Nuzzolese Andrea Giovanni , Presutti Valentina , Rallo Flavia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOn December 31st 2019, the World Health Organization China Country Office was informed of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology detected in Wuhan City. The cause of the syndrome was a new type of coronavirus isolated on January 7th 2020 and named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since January 2020 an ever increasing number of scientific works related to the new pathogen have appeared in literature. Identifying relevant research outcomes at very early stages is challenging. In this work we use COVID-19 as a use-case for investigating: (1) which tools and frameworks are mostly used for early scholarly communication; (2) to what extent altmetrics can be used to identify potential impactful research in tight (i.e. quasi-zero-day) time-windows. A literature review with rigorous eligibility criteria is performed for gathering a sample composed of scientific papers about SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 appeared in literature in the tight time-window ranging from January 15th 2020 to February 24th 2020. This sample is used for building a knowledge graph that represents the knowledge about papers and indicators formally. This knowledge graph feeds a data analysis process which is applied for experimenting with altmetrics as impact indicators. We find moderate correlation among traditional citation count, citations on social media, and mentions on news and blogs. Additionally, correlation coefficients are not inflated by indicators associated with zero values, which are quite common at very early stages after an article has been published. This suggests there is a common intended meaning of the citational acts associated with aforementioned indicators. Then, we define a method, i.e. the Comprehensive Impact Score (CIS), that harmonises different indicators for providing a multi-dimensional impact indicator. CIS shows promising results as a tool for selecting relevant papers even in a tight time-window. Our results foster the development of automated frameworks aimed at helping the scientific community in identifying relevant work even in case of limited literature and observation time.
Identifying Efficient Transport Pathways in Early-Wood Timber: Insights from 3D X-ray CT Imaging of Softwood in the Presence of Flow
Authors: Burridge H. C. , Pini R. , Shah S. M. K. , Reynolds T. P. S. , Wu G. , Shah D. U. , Scherman O. A. , Ramage M. H. , Linden P. F. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWider use of timber has the potential to greatly reduce the embodied carbon of construction. Improved chemical treatment could help overcome some of the barriers to wider application of timber, by furthering the durability and/or mechanical properties of this natural material. Improving timber treatment by treating the whole volume of a piece of timber, or tailored sections thereof, requires sound understanding and validated modelling of the natural paths for fluid flow through wood. In this study we carry out a robust analysis of three-dimensional X-ray CT measurements on kiln-dried softwood in the presence of flow and identify small portions of early-wood which are uniquely capable of transporting fluids—herein ‘efficient transport pathways’. We successfully model the effects of these pathways on the liquid uptake by timber by introducing a spatial variability in the amount of aspiration of the bordered pits following kiln drying. The model demonstrates that fluid advances along these efficient transport paths between 10 and 30 times faster than in the remainder of the timber. Identifying these efficient transport pathways offers scope to improve and extend the degree to which timber properties are enhanced at an industrial scale through processes to impregnate timber.
Peste des petits ruminants virus non-structural C protein inhibits the induction of interferon-β by potentially interacting with MAVS and RIG-I
Authors: Linjie Li , Xiaoling Shi , Xiaoxia Ma , Xin Cao , Ali Amjad , Jialin Bai 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPeste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes an acute and highly contagious disease in domestic and wild small ruminants throughout the world, mainly by invoking immunosuppression in its natural hosts. It has been suggested that the non-structural C protein of PPRV helps in evading host responses but the molecular mechanisms by which it antagonizes the host responses have not been fully characterized. Here, we report the antagonistic effect of PPRV C protein on the expression of interferon-β (IFN-β) through both MAVS and RIG-I mediated pathways in vitro. Dual luciferase reporter assay and direct expression of IFN-β mRNA analysis indicated that PPRV C significantly down regulates IFN-β via its potential interaction with MAVS and RIG-I signaling molecules. Results further indicated that PPRV C protein significantly suppresses endogenous and exogenous IFN-β-induced anti-viral effects in PPRV, EMCV and SVS infections in vitro. Moreover, PPRV C protein not only down regulates IFN-β but also the downstream cytokines of interferon stimulated genes 56 (ISG56), ISG15, C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL10) and RIG-I mediated activation of IFN promoter elements of ISRE and NF-κB. Further, this study deciphers that PPRV C protein could significantly inhibit the phosphorylation of STAT1 and interferes with the signal transmission in JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Collectively, this study indicates that PPRV C protein is important for innate immune evasion and disease progression.
Research on GRU Neural Network Satellite Traffic Prediction Based on Transfer Learning
Authors: Li Ning , Hu Lang , Deng Zhong-Liang , Su Tong , Liu Jiang-Wang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU) neural network traffic prediction algorithm based on transfer learning. By introducing two gate structures, such as reset gate and update gate, the GRU neural network avoids the problems of gradient disappearance and gradient explosion. It can effectively represent the characteristics of long correlation traffic, and can realize the expression of nonlinear, self-similar, long correlation and other characteristics of satellite network traffic. The paper combines the transfer learning method to solve the problem of insufficient online traffic data and uses the particle filter online training algorithm to reduce the training time complexity and achieve accurate prediction of satellite network traffic. The simulation results show that the average relative error of the proposed traffic prediction algorithm is 35.80% and 8.13% lower than FARIMA and SVR, and the particle filter algorithm is 40% faster than the gradient descent algorithm.
Who Becomes Unhappy when Income Inequality Increases?
Authors: Lous Bjorn , Graafland Johan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLiterature has established that, on a macroeconomic level, income inequality has a negative effect on average life satisfaction. An unresolved question is, however, which income groups are harmed by income inequality. In this paper we investigate this relationship at the microeconomic level combining national indicators of income inequality with individual data of life satisfaction from the World Values Survey for 39 countries over a period of 25 years. Tests on moderation by income category show that the Gini coefficient is most negatively related to life satisfaction of the lowest income groups, but the negative effects also extends to other income groups. For the income share of the top 1% we find a similar result. These findings show that income inequality is especially a concern for the lower income groups, but that the harmful effect of income inequality also spillovers to the life satisfaction of other income groups.
Sociological modeling of smart city with the implementation of UN sustainable development goals
Authors: Kolesnichenko Olga , Mazelis Lev , Sotnik Alexander , Yakovleva Dariya , Amelkin Sergey , Grigorevsky Ivan , Kolesnichenko Yuriy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic before mass vaccination can be restrained only by the limitation of contacts between people, which makes the digital economy a key condition for survival. More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas, and many cities have already transformed into “smart” digital/virtual hubs. Digital services ensure city life safe without an economy lockout and unemployment. Urban society strives to be safe, sustainable, well-being, and healthy. We set the task to construct a hybrid sociological and technological concept of a smart city with matched solutions, complementary to each other. Our modeling with the elaborated digital architectures and with the bionic solution for ensuring sufficient data governance showed that a smart city in comparison with the traditional city is tightly interconnected inside like a social “organism”. Society has entered a decisive decade during which the world will change by moving closer towards SDGs targets 2030 as well as by the transformation of cities and their digital infrastructures. It is important to recognize the large vector of sociological transformation as smart cities are just a transition phase to human-centered personal space or smart home. The “atomization” of the world urban population raises the gap problem in achieving SDGs because of different approaches to constructing digital architectures for smart cities or smart homes in countries. The strategy of creating smart cities should bring each citizen closer to SDGs at the individual level, laying in the personal space the principles of sustainable development and wellness of personality.
Fracture Resistance of Advanced High-Strength Steel Sheets for Automotive Applications
Authors: Frómeta D. , Lara A. , Grifé L. , Dieudonné T. , Dietsch P. , Rehrl J. , Suppan C. , Casellas D. , Calvo J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The fracture resistance of different advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) sheets for automotive applications is investigated through conventional tensile tests, fracture toughness measurements, and hole expansion tests. Different fracture-related parameters, such as the true fracture strain (TFS), the true thickness strain (TTS), the fracture toughness at crack initiation (w
e
i
), the specific essential work of fracture (w
e), and the hole expansion ratio (HER), are assessed. The specific essential work of fracture (w
e) is shown to be a suitable parameter to evaluate the local formability and fracture resistance of AHSS. The results reveal that fracture toughness cannot be estimated from any of the parameters derived from tensile tests and show the importance of microstructural features on crack propagation resistance. Based on the relation fracture toughness-local formability, a new AHSS classification mapping accounting for global formability and cracking resistance is proposed. Furthermore, a physically motivated fracture criterion for edge-cracking prediction, based on thickness strain measurements in fatigue pre-cracked DENT specimens, is proposed.
Gate Capacitance and Off-State Characteristics of E-Mode p-GaN Gate AlGaN/GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors After Gate Stress Bias
Authors: Lai Yu-Chen , Zhong Yi-Nan , Tsai Ming-Yan , Hsin Yue-Ming 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the gate capacitance and off-state characteristics of 650-V enhancement-mode p-GaN gate AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors after various degrees of gate stress bias. A significant change was observed in the on-state capacitance when the gate stress bias was greater than 6 V. The corresponding threshold voltage exhibited a positive shift at low gate stress and a negative shift when the gate stress was greater than 6 V, which agreed with the shift observation from the I–V measurement. Moreover, the off-state leakage current increased significantly after the gate stress exceeded 6 V during the off-state characterization although the devices could be biased up to 1000 V without breakdown. The increase in the off-state leakage current would lead to higher power loss.
Benefits of Hydrogen in a Segmented-Anode Plasma Torch in Suspension Plasma Spraying
Authors: Dolmaire Alice , Hartikainen Enni , Goutier Simon , Béchade Emilie , Vardelle Michel , Geffroy Pierre-Marie , Joulia Aurélien 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSuspension plasma spraying (SPS) enables the production of various coating microstructures with unique mechanical and thermal properties. Aeronautical manufacturers have been working for fifty years to improve the thermal barrier coating (TBC) performances in gas turbines. Commercial plasma torches with a segmented anode that are characterized by stable plasma jets should enable a better control of the TBC microstructure. The addition of diatomic gases such as hydrogen in the plasma-forming gas affects the plasma jet formation and causes some instabilities. However, it enhances the thermal conductivity of the gas flow, the plasma mass enthalpy and the heat transfer to particles. This study aims to characterise and describe the coating microstructure changes of yttria-stabilised zirconia when gradually adding hydrogen with argon into the plasma gas mixture. The effect of hydrogen is weighted out due to the gas mass enthalpy, mean velocity at the nozzle exit and “hot zone” length of the plasma jet. The coating microstructures, which depend on these plasma jet parameters, will be mapped from feathery and porous to dense and cracked deposits depending on the spraying conditions.