bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Effectiveness between Oral Propranolol and Combined Oral Propranolol with Prednisolone in the Treatment of Infantile Hemangioma
Authors: Arifuzzaman A.S.M , Hossain AKM Zahid , Mojumder Md. Rezaul Karim , Huda S.M. Shamsul , Mohanta Dayal Chandra , Mahammad Noor , Akhter Mahfuza , Jannat Fatima - Tul – 
Published: February 2025

Background: The most prevalent benign vascular tumor found within pediatric patients is infantile hemangioma since its birth frequency stands at 2-3% that progressively surges to 10% by the first birthday. The therapeutic advantage of administering combined propranolol and corticosteroids compared to propranolol as a standalone treatment for Infantile hemangiomas remains an ambiguous matter. However, the efficacy of propranolol in treating IH patients is not universal. Systemic corticosteroids have known side effects such as water retention, hypertension and hyperglycemia, which could counter the adverse effects of propranolol like hypotension, bradycardia, hypoglycemia.
Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and safety profile of oral propranolol monotherapy versus combined oral propranolol and prednisolone in the treatment of infantile hemangioma.
Methods: An observational study was conducted at BSMMU from October 2018 to August 2019, involving 62 patients with IH up to 4 years of age. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n=31) received oral propranolol alone, while Group B (n=31) received combined oral propranolol and prednisolone. Treatment outcomes were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for color changes and percentage of size regression.
Results: Both groups showed improvement in color clearance and size regression. In Group A, 22.6% showed excellent color clearance versus 6.5% in Group B. Mean size regression was 68.05% in Group A and 59.35% in Group B, though the difference was not statistically significant. However, Group B experienced significantly more adverse effects (61.3%) compared to Group A (25.8%) (p=0.005).
Conclusion: This research shows that propranolol treatment alone provides similar results as prednisolone combination treatment for infantile hemangioma but produces less adverse side effects. The regular care of infantile hemangioma does not require prednisolone administration with propranolol.
Assessment of Factors Influencing Tardiness and Poor-Compliance with ANC at Mwembeladu Hospital in Zanzibar, 2024
Authors: Bayard Rodolfo Isidro Bosch , Okafor Chukwuma J. , Martin Diane Millo , Hilal Nibras M. , Khamis Tarik A. , Haji Asila M. , Ali Rayyan J. , Saiz Angel Badia , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi 
Published: February 2025

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is vital for maternal and infant health, yet women in Zanzibar frequently delay their first ANC visit and struggle with adherence to visits to ANC. This study investigates the socio-demographic factors contributing to these delays. It will describe pregnancy characteristics and assess the timing of the first ANC consultations.
Methodology: The research employed a descriptive cross-sectional design at Mwembeladu Hospital, targeting pregnant women receiving ANC. Simple random sampling was used to gather data from 260 participants, with analysis focusing on socio-demographic factors and their impact on ANC attendance.
Results: The majority of participants were multigravida (75.8%), and a significant portion attended their first antenatal care (ANC) visit during the second trimester (54.2%). Notably, despite a high level of education among participants, there was no correlation between educational attainment and timely ANC attendance. Similarly, marital status and partner support did not significantly impact the timing of ANC visits.
Conclusion: This study highlights that many women in Zanzibar experience delays in antenatal care (ANC) attendance and have a low number of ANC visits, primarily due to the influence of multigravidity. Nearly half of the participants attended fewer than four consultations. Analysis of the timing of the first ANC visit shows that multigravid women seek care later. Additionally, an adequate level of education was not associated with improved attendance at antenatal consultations. There is a critical need for early detection of poor compliance and intervention during pregnancy.
Assessing proton plans with three different beam delivery systems versus photon plans for head and neck tumors
Authors: Gray Tara , Liu Chieh‐Wen , Ahmed Saeed , Kolano Anna Maria , Donaghue Jeremy , Koyfman Shlomo , Woody Neil , Campbell Shauna R. , Farr Jonathan B. , Xia Ping 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeTo compare plan quality among photon volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) with robustness using three different proton beam delivery systems with various spot size (σ) ranges: cyclotron‐generated proton beams (CPBs) (σ: 2.7–7.0 mm), linear accelerator proton beams (LPBs) (σ: 2.9–5.5 mm), and linear accelerator proton mini beams (LPMBs) (σ: 0.8–3.9 mm) for the treatment of head and neck (HN) cancer with bilateral neck irradiation.MethodsTen patients treated for oropharynx cancer with bilateral neck irradiation were planned using CPBs, LPBs, LPMBs, and VMAT. The homogeneity index (HI), mean body dose, and defined volumetric doses for selected critical organs‐at‐risk (OARs) were compared. Set‐up uncertainties of ±3 mm and ± 3.5% range uncertainties were included in robust evaluation using V95%Rx > 95% (Volume that covers 95% of the target volume at 95% of the prescription (Rx) dose) to high dose and low dose CTV volumes (CTV_70 Gy and CTV_56 Gy). VMAT and proton plans were compared in terms of OAR doses and mean body dose only. Homogeneity Indices were compared among IMPT plans in addition to OAR doses. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to evaluate statistical differences between evaluation metrics for VMAT plans and all proton plan types.ResultsOAR dose metrics were improved by 2% to 30% from CPB plans to LPB or LPMB plans. Compared to photon VMAT plans, all OAR doses except for mandible dose metrics were improved by 2% to 53% for all proton plans. The mean body dose was also improved by 7.5% from CPB to LPB and by 10.8% from CPB to LPMB. In addition, the mean body dose was also improved by 44% from VMAT to CPB, by 48% from VMAT to LPB, and by 50% from VMAT to LPMB plans. Compared to CPB plans, HI was significantly better (p < 0.05) for the LPB and LPMB plans. HI also improved considerably from VMAT to CPB, LPB, and LPMB. For both CTV_70 Gy and CTV_56 Gy, average robust evaluation across all worst‐case scenarios was slightly better for CPB plans, with an average of V95%Rx of the CTV_70 Gy of 97.6% ± 1.22%, followed by 97.2% ± 1.31% and 97.2% ± 1.35% for LPB and LPMB plans, respectively. Robustness for CTV_56 Gy showed comparable robustness across all proton plan types, with an average V95%Rx of 97.4% ± 0.87% for CPB, 97.4% ± 1.21%, and 97.5% ± 1.08% for CPB, LPB, and LPMB plans, respectively.ConclusionWith decreased spot size, the LPB and LPMB are excellent alternatives to VMAT and CPB therapy and can significantly reduce the dose to normal tissue.
The Role of Luteolin in Inhibiting Prostaglandin‐Endoperoxide Synthase 2 to Relieve Neointimal Hyperplasia in Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Zhang Ruibin , Li Wei , Yang Jihua , Fan Xiujie , Fan Huili , Li Wei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the role and mechanism of luteolin in inflammation and phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) model, for providing a potential agent for the prevention and therapy of AVF neointimal hyperplasia. In vivo, an AVF model is created in Sprague Dawley rats. In vitro, rat VSMCs are treated with platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) to induce the phenotypic switch of VSMCs. Histological AVF changes are analyzed using hematoxylin‐eosin. Western blot and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) are utilized to detect prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) expression. In vivo, luteolin inhibits neointima formation and reduces vimentin, α‐SMA, MCP‐1, MMP‐9, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 levels. In vitro, under PDGF‐BB treatment, luteolin inhibits proliferation and migration and reduces TNF‐α, vimentin, α‐SMA, MCP‐1, MMP‐9, and IL‐6 levels in VSMCs. In rat AVF tissues, PTGS2 expression is increased. Luteolin inhibits PTGS2 expression in vivo and in vitro. PTGS2 overexpression reverses the role of luteolin in extracellular matrix protein expression, proliferation, inflammation, and migration in VSMCs treated with PDGF‐BB. Altogether, in the AVF, luteolin inhibits proliferation, migration, the phenotypic switch of VSMCs, neointima formation, and the inflammatory response through inhibiting PTGS2 expression.
Elucidating Sodium Ion Storage Mechanisms in Hard Carbon Anodes at the Electronic Level
Authors: Xia Qingbing , Ko Cheng‐Lin , Cooper Emily R. , Gu Qinfen , Knibbe Ruth , Harmer Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are a promising technology for advanced energy storage systems. Hard carbon (HC) is a commonly used SIB anode material; however, the Na ion storage mechanism in HC remains poorly understood and highly debated. Here, the paramagnetic species in HC during Na ion storage are systematically studied to elucidate the underlying mechanism at an electronic level using high‐resolution electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, complemented by in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations. This investigation identifies and characterizes the coexistence of two distinct intercalation processes in HC: Na ion intercalation and Na+‐solvent co‐intercalation, which are active across both the sloping and plateau voltage regions. Additionally, in the sloping region, Na ions are also stored at in‐plane Stone‐Wales defect sites, which transition into a quasi‐metallic state and subsequently to metallic Na as Na ion intercalation progresses. This transformation is driven by charge redistribution within the graphene layers. These insights establish a direct paramagnetic‐electronic structure‐electrochemical property relationship in HC, providing new insights into the Na ion storage mechanism. Furthermore, this study highlights the unique capability of EPR spectroscopy in elucidating the charge storage mechanism in electrode materials.
Hybrid 3D‐Printed Tri‐Cultured Intestine with Tubular Mesh Structure
Authors: Son Seunghun , Lee Bo‐Yeon , Lim Hosub , Choi Haejin , Jung Cho‐Rok , Lim Jung Hwa , Yang Seok‐jo , Lee Junhee 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn fetal patients with intestinal atresia, surgical resection often leads to short bowel syndrome, necessitating organ transplantation. Owing to a shortage of organ donors, alternatives such as 3D‐bioprinted artificial intestines are receiving increased interest. However, the fabrication of transplantable artificial intestines integrating tri‐cultures of viable functional cells remains challenging. This study introduces an innovative method for fabricating a tri‐cultured tubular mesh intestine (TTMI) integrating myofibroblasts, endothelial, and epithelial cells. Low‐concentration gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) bioink is employed to improve cell viability, and a dual cooling module is incorporated to cool both the GelMA and the printing area for improve printability. To improve the mechanical properties of the TTMI for transplant and tubular stability, a multi‐head four‐axis bioprinter is used to apply bioinks and polycaprolactone (PCL). The final four‐layered TTMI comprises three bioinks and PCL; the two middle layers are printed with a tubular mesh to enable cell‐to‐cell interactions. This technology can be used to fabricate intestines as well as other tubular organs consisting of different cells, ultimately enhancing the availability of functional tissues for transplantation therapy.
Multicolor Organic Single‐Crystal Microcavity Light Emitting Diodes With High Color‐Purity and High Brightness
Authors: Huang Han , Zhao Ruiyang , Li Yunfei , Ji Ying , Li Yuan , Deng Yibo , Liao Qing , Fu Hongbing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe development of ultra‐high‐definition (UHD) displays demands organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high color purity of all three primary colors for a wide color gamut and high brightness essential for future AR/VR applications. However, the vibronic coupling in organic emitters typically results in broad emissions, with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) exceeding 40–50 nm. Herein, multicolor organic single‐crystal microcavity light‐emitting diodes (SC‐MC‐OLEDs) are demonstrated by embedding ultrathin 2D organic single crystals (2D‐OSCs) between two silver layers that serve as both electrodes and mirrors. By leveraging the microcavity effect, the resonant output frequencies of SC‐MC‐OLEDs can be continuously tuned from 448 to 602 nm by adjusting the thickness of 2D‐OSCs (i.e., the microcavity length), achieving high color purity with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of <10 nm. Furthermore, the Purcell effect in SC‐MC‐OLEDs enhances the radiative rate and improves light‐coupling efficiency, resulting in a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of up to 4% and minimal efficiency roll‐off. Due to the excellent bipolar transport properties of OSCs, the brightness of SC‐MC‐OLEDs surpasses 106 cd m−2, along with a degree of linear polarization exceeding 0.9, unlocking new application opportunities.
Leveraging Grain Boundary Effects for Nanostructured Electrode Layers in Symmetric Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Baiutti Federico , Chiabrera Francesco , Anzengruber Marlene , Kreka Kosova , Sirvent Juande , Yedra Lluis , Buzi Fjorelo , Liedke Macej Oskar , Cavallaro Andrea , Carmona Zuazo Albert , Estradé Sonia , Butterling Maik , Hirschmann Eric , Wagner Andreas , Aguadero Ainara , Peiró Francisca , Tarancon Albert 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWhile grain boundary engineering is attracting great interest as a potential strategy to fabricate highly electrochemically active materials, open questions remain in relation to the fundamental mechanisms of local property enhancement as well as to the potential technological impact of such nanostructuring strategies. In this paper, the ability to turn a predominantly electronic conductor into an excellent mixed‐ionic electronic conductor by grain boundary doping is demonstrated for nanocrystalline films of lanthanum chromite. A four‐orders‐of‐magnitude increase in the oxygen diffusion coefficient at grain boundaries is observed, and related to local chemical changes. It is shown that grain boundary effects can be effectively exploited for technological purposes by fabricating a proof‐of‐concept symmetric solid oxide cell based on lanthanum chromite film electrodes. The cell is operated under reversible gas feeding conditions, exhibiting electrode self‐healing characteristics. The results provide new insights on the fundamental aspects of fast grain boundary oxygen diffusion and validate grain boundary engineering as a technologically relevant strategy for the realization of solid oxide cells with enhanced performance.
Sequence Context‐Agnostic TadA‐Derived Cytosine Base Editors for Genome‐Wide Editing in Zebrafish
Authors: Zheng Shaohui , Liu Yang , Xia Xinxin , Xiao Jiawang , Ma Hui , Yuan Xuanyao , Zhang Yan , Chen Zixi , Peng Guangcong , Li Wenyuan , Fei Ji‐Feng , Liu Yanmei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSingle‐nucleotide variants (SNVs) represent a significant form of genetic variation linked to various diseases. CRISPR‐mediated base editing has emerged as a powerful method for modeling diseases caused by SNVs, particularly in zebrafish, which serve as an excellent platform for investigating disease mechanisms and conducting drug screenings. However, existing cytosine base editors (CBEs) for zebrafish often have broad editing windows and strong sequence preferences, limiting their effectiveness. In this study, zebrafish (z) TadA‐derived cytosine base editors, termed zTadA‐CBEs, are developed by introducing key mutations into the TadA8e enzyme. These novel editors demonstrate improved efficiency and precision in cytosine base editing. Specifically, zTadA‐BE4max and zTadA‐BEmv offer complementary editing windows, while zTadA‐SpRY‐BE4max allows for PAM‐flexible editing. Using zTadA‐CBEs, a precise disease model for Axenfeld‐Rieger syndrome is established, and created two new models for Hermansky‐Pudlak syndrome. Additionally, a novel albinism model carrying two pathogenic SNVs in the F0 generation is developed. By employing specifically designed sgRNA, the fmsts± missense mutation is corrected back to the wild‐type nucleotide (C > T), successfully restoring macrophage levels to normal. These findings underscore the potential of zTadA‐CBEs to enhance genome editing techniques and their applications in developing therapies for SNV‐related disorders.
Transformable Tumor Microenvironment‐Responsive Oxygen Vacancy‐Rich MnO2@Hydroxyapatite Nanospheres for Highly Efficient Cancer Sonodynamic Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Minxing , Liu Qiyu , Xie Songzuo , Weng Desheng , He Jinjun , Yang Xinyi , Liu Yuanyuan , You Jinqi , Liao Jinghao , Wang Peng , Lu Xihong , Zhao Jingjing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDespite the promise of sonodynamic therapy (SDT)‐mediated immunotherapy, the anticancer efficacy of current sonosensitizers is greatly limited by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and their inability to selectively respond to it. Herein, oxygen vacancy‐rich MnO2@hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) core–shell nanospheres (denoted as Ov‐MO@CPO) as an advanced TME‐responsive sonosensitizer for sonodynamic immunotherapy is demonstrated. The Ov‐MO@CPO maintains its structural integrity under neutral conditions but dissolves the pH‐sensitive hydroxyapatite shell under acidic TME to release active oxygen vacancy‐rich MnO2 core, which reinvigorates H2O2 consumption and hypoxia alleviation due to its catalase‐like activity. Furthermore, the introduced oxygen vacancies optimize the electronic structure of Ov‐MO@CPO, with active electronic states near the Fermi level and higher d‐band center. It results in accelerated electron‐hole pair separation and lower catalytic energy barriers to boost ultrasound (US)‐initiated ROS production. These multimodal synergistic effects effectively reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in 4T1 tumor‐bearing mice. No evident toxic effects are observed in normal mouse tissues. Additionally, when combined with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, Ov‐MO@CPO‐mediated SDT further improves the effectiveness of immunotherapy. This work affords a new avenue for developing TME‐dependent sonosensitizers for SDT‐mediated immunotherapy.
Rapid and Differential Diagnosis of Sepsis Stages Using an Advanced 3D Plasmonic Bimetallic Alloy Nanoarchitecture‐Based SERS Biosensor Combined with Machine Learning for Multiple Analyte Identification
Authors: Kim Woo Hyun , Lee Sungwoo , Jeon Myeong Jin , Lee Kwon Jun , Park Jong‐Hak , Park Dae Won , Park Sungho , Sim Sang Jun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRapid and accurate differential diagnosis of infections, sepsis, and septic shock is essential for preventing unnecessary antibiotic overuse and improving the chance of patient survival. To address this, a 3D gold nanogranule decorated gold‐silver alloy nanopillar (AuNG@Au‐AgNP) based surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensor is developed, capable of quantitatively profiling immune‐related soluble proteins (interleukin three receptor, alpha chain: CD123, programmed cell death ligand 1: PD‐L1, human leukocyte antigen–DR isotype: HLA‐DR, and chitotriosidase: ChiT) in serum samples. The 3D bimetallic nanoarchitecture, fabricated using anodized aluminum oxide (AAO), features a uniform structure with densely packed nanogaps on the heads of Au‐Ag alloy nanopillars, enabling fast, simple, and replicable production. The proposed biosensor achieves accurate results even with low detection limits (4–6 fM) and high signal consistency (relative standard deviation (RSD) = 1.79%) within a one‐step multi‐analytes identification chip with a directly loadable chamber. To enhance the diagnostic performance, a support vector machine (SVM) based machine learning algorithm is utilized, achieving 95.0% accuracy and 95.8% precision in classifying healthy controls, infections with and without sepsis, and septic shock. This advanced 3D plasmonic bimetallic alloy nanoarchitecture‐based SERS biosensor demonstrates clinical usefulness for sepsis diagnosis and severity assessment, providing timely and personalized treatment.
Investigating triclopyr vapor and particle drift in roadside settings
Authors: Polli Estefania G. , Gannon Travis W. , Rogers Ronald R. , LeCompte Mathieu C. , Ahmed Khalied 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTriclopyr is a synthetic auxin herbicide widely used to manage roadside vegetation due to its effective, selective, and prolonged action on broadleaf species, as well as its low toxicity to humans and animals. However, if triclopyr drifts from the roadside into agricultural lands, it can result in injury and yield loss of sensitive crops. The objective of this study was to characterize and quantify particle and vapor drift of triclopyr as influenced by formulation, season, and nozzle type under roadside conditions. Field studies were conducted on a roadside located along Interstate 540 in Morrisville, NC, in 2022 and 2023. Triclopyr amine and choline were applied at 3363 g a.e. ha−1 using Boominator and Nutating nozzles. Active air samplers were used to collect vapor drift within 48 h after application, while deposit cards were used to collect particle drift 10 min after application. Triclopyr vapor concentration peaked within the first 24 h after application, with the concentration of triclopyr amine being 29% higher than triclopyr choline during this period. Additionally, vapor concentrations of triclopyr were higher during spring and summer compared to fall and winter. No differences in triclopyr particle deposit and drift distance were observed between formulation and nozzle type. Triclopyr was detected at very low levels (< 2% of field rate) within 3 m from the treated area. This study provides valuable insight into triclopyr volatilization, emphasizing temporal, formulation, and seasonal variations, while also addressing the consistency in particle drift between triclopyr formulations and nozzle types.
Enhancing SDT Efficacy of Doxorubicin‐Loaded Sonosensitizer Micelles to Overcome Resistance of Cancer Therapy by Optimizing Acoustic Parameters
Authors: Gong Zhuoran , Hou Deshang , Xu Yunxue , Wang Mengxuan , Lin Shiyin , Zheng Yingjuan , Dai Zhifei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTumor drug resistance has been reported to be associated with drug efflux in tumor cells. Recently, a noninvasive and safe mechanism, sonodynamic therapy (SDT), has been proposed to be an oxidative stress strategy to potentially overcome drug efflux, but with efficacy limitation. Herein, we propose a systematic strategy for optimizing SDT, especially revealing the key role of acoustics parameters acting in SDT efficiency. A doxorubicin (DOX)‐loaded sonosensitive micelle (DPM) mediated “sono‐force” combination (chemotherapy and sonodynamic) therapy strategy, named DPCSTs, which was designed for amplifying SDT to augment oxidative stress to overcome drug efflux and induce robust long‐term inhibition of tumor development by optimized acoustic parameters. The sub‐10 nm size DPM enhanced tumor targeting and renal clearance. Meanwhile, another important component, doxorubicin, significantly suppressed residual tumors (78.6%) due to “sono‐force” augmented oxidative stress reversing drug efflux, finally leading to long‐term tumor development limitation in vivo. It is the first time to propose a systematic strategy for optimizing SDT regimens to overcome resistance, which can synergize with chemotherapy to exert long‐term tumor development inhibition. We believe that this work will advance SDT‐related research to a new level, and improve our understanding of overcoming resistance of targeted cancer therapy.