bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraindividual comparison of 18F‐FDOPA and 68Ga‐DOTATOC PET/CT detection rate for metastatic assessment in patients with ileal neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Ouvrard Eric , Chevalier Elodie , Addeo Pietro , Sahakian Nicolas , Detour Julien , Goichot Bernard , Bachellier Philippe , Karcher Gilles , Taïeb David , Imperiale Alessio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn patients with ileal neuroendocrine tumours (ileal NETs), head‐to‐head evaluation of diagnostic performances of 68Ga‐DOTA‐peptides and 18F‐fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine (18F‐FDOPA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has been performed in only few small patients’ cohorts. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare 68Ga‐DOTATOC and 18F‐FDOPA PET/CT for metastatic disease assessment in a homogeneous large series of patients with well‐differentiated ileal NETs.MethodsAll patients with ileal NETs who underwent both 18F‐FDOPA and 68Ga‐DOTATOC PET/CT within a 3‐month period and no therapeutic change between the two studies were retrospectively included. The detection rates of both modalities were calculated using per‐patient, per‐region and per‐lesion analyses.ResultsForty one patients with ileal NETs were evaluated. 18F‐FDOPA and 68Ga‐DOTATOC showed similar detection rates according to per‐patient (97% for both) and per‐region analyses (94% for 18F‐FDOPA vs 88% for 68Ga‐DOTATOC, P = .35). For a total of 605 positive lesions, 458 (76%) were detected by both modalities, 122 (20%) exclusively by 18F‐FDOPA PET/CT, and 25 (4%) by 68Ga‐DOTATOC PET/CT only. In a per‐lesion analysis, 18F‐FDOPA PET/CT performed better than 68Ga‐DOTATOC PET/CT (overall detection rates of 96% vs 80%; P < .001). 18F‐FDOPA PET/CT detected significantly more metastases than 68Ga‐DOTATOC PET/CT in the liver, peritoneum, abdominal and supra‐diaphragmatic lymph nodes.Conclusion18F‐FDOPA PET/CT seems not inferior than 68Ga‐DOTATOC PET/CT for the delineation of metastatic spread of ileal NETs. Therefore, according to local expertise and technical availability, 18F‐FDOPA should be considered as a valid clinical diagnostic option for exhaustive metastatic assessment in patients with ileal NETs. Obviously, 68Ga‐DOTATOC PET/CT remains mandatory for PRRT assessment. Further comparative studies are needed to determine the optimal approach in various clinical scenarios such as preoperative staging and primary tumour detection.
Approximating isosurfaces by guaranteed‐quality triangular meshes
Authors: Hass J. , Trnkova M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe describe a new method for approximating an implicit surface F by a piecewise‐flat triangulated surface whose triangles are as close as possible to equilateral. The main advantage is improved mesh quality which is guaranteed for smooth surfaces. The GradNormal algorithm generates a triangular mesh that gives a piecewise‐differentiable approximation of F, with angles between 35.2 and 101.5 degrees. As the mesh size approaches 0, the mesh converges to F through surfaces that are isotopic to F.
Interpolated corrected curvature measures for polygonal surfaces
Authors: Lachaud J.‐O. , Romon P. , Thibert B. , Coeurjolly D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA consistent and yet practically accurate definition of curvature onto polyhedral meshes remains an open problem. We propose a new framework to define curvature measures, based on the Corrected Normal Current, which generalizes the normal cycle: it uncouples the positional information of the polyhedral mesh from its geometric normal vector field, and the user can freely choose the corrected normal vector field at vertices for curvature computations. A smooth surface is then built in the Grassmannian ℝ3 × 𝕊2 by simply interpolating the given normal vector field. Curvature measures are then computed using the usual Lipschitz–Killing forms, and we provide closed‐form formulas per triangle. We prove a stability result with respect to perturbations of positions and normals. Our approach provides a natural scale‐space for all curvature estimations, where the scale is given by the radius of the measuring ball. We show on experiments how this method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods on clean and noisy data, and even achieves pointwise convergence on difficult polyhedral meshes like digital surfaces. The framework is also well suited to curvature computations using normal map information.
Hexahedral Mesh Repair via Sum‐of‐Squares Relaxation
Authors: Marschner Z. , Palmer D. , Zhang P. , Solomon J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe validity of trilinear hexahedral (hex) mesh elements is a prerequisite for many applications of hex meshes, such as finite element analysis. A commonly used check for hex mesh validity evaluates mesh quality on the corners of the parameter domain of each hex, an insufficient condition that neglects invalidity elsewhere in the element, but is straightforward to compute. Hex mesh quality optimizations using this validity criterion suffer by being unable to detect invalidities in a hex mesh reliably, let alone fix them. We rectify these challenges by leveraging sum‐of‐squares relaxations to pinpoint invalidities in a hex mesh efficiently and robustly. Furthermore, we design a hex mesh repair algorithm that can certify validity of the entire hex mesh. We demonstrate our hex mesh repair algorithm on a dataset of meshes that include hexes with both corner and face‐interior invalidities and demonstrate that where naïve algorithms would fail to even detect invalidities, we are able to repair them. Our novel methodology also introduces the general machinery of sum‐of‐squares relaxation to geometry processing, where it has the potential to solve related problems.
Poisson Surface Reconstruction with Envelope Constraints
Authors: Kazhdan Misha , Chuang Ming , Rusinkiewicz Szymon , Hoppe Hugues 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReconstructing surfaces from scanned 3D points has been an important research area for several decades. One common approach that has proven efficient and robust to noise is implicit surface reconstruction, i.e. fitting to the points a 3D scalar function (such as an indicator function or signed‐distance field) and then extracting an isosurface. Though many techniques fall within this category, existing methods either impose no boundary constraints or impose Dirichlet/Neumann conditions on the surface of a bounding box containing the scanned data.In this work, we demonstrate the benefit of supporting Dirichlet constraints on a general boundary. To this end, we adapt the Screened Poisson Reconstruction algorithm to input a constraint envelope in addition to the oriented point cloud. We impose Dirichlet boundary conditions, forcing the reconstructed implicit function to be zero outside this constraint surface. Using a visual hull and/or depth hull derived from RGB‐D scans to define the constraint envelope, we obtain substantially improved surface reconstructions in regions of missing data.
Learning Part Boundaries from 3D Point Clouds
Authors: Loizou Marios , Averkiou Melinos , Kalogerakis Evangelos 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe present a method that detects boundaries of parts in 3D shapes represented as point clouds. Our method is based on a graph convolutional network architecture that outputs a probability for a point to lie in an area that separates two or more parts in a 3D shape. Our boundary detector is quite generic: it can be trained to localize boundaries of semantic parts or geometric primitives commonly used in 3D modeling. Our experiments demonstrate that our method can extract more accurate boundaries that are closer to ground‐truth ones compared to alternatives. We also demonstrate an application of our network to fine‐grained semantic shape segmentation, where we also show improvements in terms of part labeling performance.
Consistent ZoomOut: Efficient Spectral Map Synchronization
Authors: Huang Ruqi , Ren Jing , Wonka Peter , Ovsjanikov Maks 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel method, which we call Consistent ZoomOut, for efficiently refining correspondences among deformable 3D shape collections, while promoting the resulting map consistency. Our formulation is closely related to a recent unidirectional spectral refinement framework, but naturally integrates map consistency constraints into the refinement. Beyond that, we show further that our formulation can be adapted to recover the underlying isometry among near‐isometric shape collections with a theoretical guarantee, which is absent in the other spectral map synchronization frameworks. We demonstrate that our method improves the accuracy compared to the competing methods when synchronizing correspondences in both near‐isometric and heterogeneous shape collections, but also significantly outperforms the baselines in terms of map consistency.
Histological and histomorphometrical outcome after lateral guided bone regeneration augmentation of the mandible with different ratios of deproteinized bovine bone mineral and autogenous bone. A preclinical in vivo study
Authors: Aludden Hanna , Mordenfeld Arne , Dahlin Christer , Hallman Mats , Starch‐Jensen Thomas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypotheses of no differences in (I) percentage of bone (POB), non‐mineralized tissue (NMT), and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM), and (II) ingrowth of mineralized bone after lateral guided bone regeneration (GBR) augmentation of the mandible with different ratios of DBBM and particulate autogenous bone (PAB) at different time points.Material and methodsTwenty‐four minipigs were randomly allocated into three groups. Lateral augmentation in 96 sites (4 in each animal) was performed unilaterally with a standardized quantity of grafting material in each animal with different ratios of DBBM and PAB (50:50, 75:25, 100:0) and autogenous bone block in combination with DBBM and covered with a collagen membrane. The percentage of different tissues in the graft and ingrowth of mineralized bone was assessed by histomorphometrical and histological analyses after 10, 20, and 30 weeks, respectively.ResultsThe POB was 54% (50:50), 50% (75:25), and 48% (100:0) after 10 weeks, 60% (50:50), 61% (75:25), and 60% (100:0) after 20 weeks, and 63% (50:50), 62% (75:25), and 62% (100:0) after 30 weeks. There was no significant difference between the groups at any time points. There was a significant increase in POB and a significant decrease in NMT for 75:25 and 100:0 from 10 to 30 weeks. All ratios demonstrated a non‐complete ingrowth of mineralized bone into the graft after 10 weeks and complete mineralization after 30 weeks.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the present study, it seems like addition of autogenous bone to DBBM for LRA did not affect the bone formation nor graft incorporation after 10–30 weeks of healing. However, a prolonged healing time seems to result in an increased POB for all ratios.
The COVID‐19 pandemic: considerations for resuming normal colorectal services
Authors: Pellino G. , Vaizey C. J. , Maeda Y. ,   the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) Guideline Committee
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis European Society of Coloproctology guidance focuses on a proposed conceptual framework to resume standard service in colorectal surgery. The proposed conceptual framework is a schematic and stepwise approach including: in‐depth assessment of damage to non‐COVID‐19‐related colorectal service; the return of service (integration with the COVID‐19‐specific service and the existing operational continuity planning); safety arrangements in parallel with minimizing downtime; the required support for staff and patients; the aftermath of the pandemic and continued strategic planning. This will be dynamic guidance with ongoing updates using critical appraisal of emerging evidence. We will welcome input from all stakeholders (statutory organizations, healthcare professionals, public and patients). Any new questions, new data and discussion are welcome via https://www.escp.eu.com/guidelines.
Citizen science and habitat modelling facilitates conservation planning for crabeater seals in the Weddell Sea
Authors: Wege Mia , Salas Leo , LaRue Michelle 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimCreating a network of marine protected areas in the Southern Ocean requires extensive knowledge on species’ abundances, distributions and population trends especially in the Weddell Sea where year‐round pack ice makes most of the Weddell Sea inaccessible. We combine satellite images and citizen science to model habitat suitability for crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga) throughout the Weddell Sea.LocationWeddell Sea, Antarctica.MethodsHigh‐resolution satellite images covering 18,219 km2 of the Weddell Sea during crabeater seal breeding season (October—November) were hosted on the crowd‐sourcing platform Tomnod (DigitalGlobe). Citizen scientists marked “maps” where seals were present/absent and these votes were compared with the votes of an experienced observer. Correction factors were used to correct votes to either a continuous probability of seal presence, or a binary seal presence/absence value. We modelled probability of seal presence using ensemble models of Random Forests (RF), Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) and Support Vector Machines (SVM), and used fitted Maxent models to model seal presence/absence data.ResultsModel predictive power was low (RF: R2 = 0.076 ± 0.002: BRT: R2 = 0.086 ± 0.0008; SVM: R2 = 0.082 ± 0.003) to average (Maxent: AUC = 0.71 ± 0.004). Distance to the ice edge and bathymetry were the most important variables that influenced crabeater seal distribution.Main conclusionsCrabeater seals were more likely to be present over abyssal water, which coincides with typical adult Antarctic krill habitat — crabeater seal preferred prey. Where ice concentrations were more variable, that is more accessible, crabeater seals were also more likely to occur. Results agreed with the known ecology of crabeaters seals and the abundance, distribution and ecology of Antarctic krill. We were able to survey the largest area ever surveyed in the Weddell Sea and provide a model to assist furthering policy around the proposed protected area.
The role of the corpus callosum in language network connectivity in children
Authors: Bartha‐Doering Lisa , Kollndorfer Kathrin , Schwartz Ernst , Fischmeister Florian Ph.S. , Alexopoulos Johanna , Langs Georg , Prayer Daniela , Kasprian Gregor , Seidl Rainer 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe specific role of the corpus callosum (CC) in language network organization remains unclear, two contrasting models have been proposed: inhibition of homotopic areas allowing for independent functioning of the hemispheres versus integration of information from both hemispheres. This study aimed to add to this discussion with the first investigation of language network connectivity in combination with CC volume measures. In 38 healthy children aged 6–12, we performed task‐based functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure language network connectivity, used structural magnetic resonance imaging to quantify CC subsection volumes, and administered various language tests to examine language abilities. We found an increase in left intrahemispheric and bilateral language network connectivity and a decrease in right intrahemispheric connectivity associated with larger volumes of the posterior, mid‐posterior, and central subsections of the CC. Consistent with that, larger volumes of the posterior parts of the CC were significantly associated with better verbal fluency and vocabulary, the anterior CC volume was positively correlated with verbal span. Thus, children with larger volumes of CC subsections showed increased interhemispheric language network connectivity and were better in different language domains. This study presents the first evidence that the CC is directly linked to language network connectivity and underlines the excitatory role of the CC in the integration of information from both hemispheres.
Correlates of self‐rated health in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a longitudinal study
Authors: Hoogendoorn C. J. , Gonzalez J. S. , Schechter C. B. , Flattau A. , Reeves N. D. , Boulton A. J. M. , Vileikyte L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimSelf‐rated health, a measure of self‐reported general health, is a robust predictor of morbidity and mortality in various populations, including persons with diabetes. This study examines correlates of self‐rated health in adults with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).MethodsParticipants recruited from the UK and USA (n = 295; mean (± sd) age: 61.5 ± 10.7 years; 69% male; 71% type 2 diabetes) rated their health at baseline and 18 months. DPN severity was assessed using the neuropathy disability score and the vibration perception threshold. Validated self‐report measures assessed neuroticism, DPN‐symptoms of pain, unsteadiness and reduced sensation in feet, DPN‐related limitations in daily activities, DPN‐specific emotional distress and symptoms of depression.ResultsIn the fully adjusted baseline model, younger age, presence of cardiovascular disease and higher depression symptom scores showed likely clinically meaningful independent associations with worse health ratings. Being at the UK study site and presence of nephropathy indicated potentially meaningful independent associations with lower baseline health ratings. These predictors were largely consistent in their association with health ratings at 18 months.ConclusionResults identify independent correlates of health ratings among adults with DPN. Future research should investigate the clinical implications of associations and examine changes in these variables over time and potential effects on changes in health perceptions. If these associations reflect causal pathways, our results may guide interventions to target issues that are likely to have an impact on subjectively experienced health as an important patient‐reported outcome in DPN care.
Longitudinal changes in echocardiographic measures of ventricular function after Fontan operation
Authors: Campbell Matthew J. , Quartermain Michael D. , Cohen Meryl S. , Faerber Jennifer , Okunowo Oluwatimelehin , Wang Yan , Capone Valerie , DiFrancesco Jenna , Mercer‐Rosa Laura , Goldberg David J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile numerous indices have been developed in an attempt to quantify ventricular function in patients with single ventricle heart disease after Fontan, there are little data on how these parameters change over time.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed of individuals who underwent Fontan operation at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) in 2006 and 2007. Measurements of fractional area change (FAC), tricuspid annular planar systolic excursion (TAPSE), myocardial performance index (MPI), systolic to diastolic (s/d) ratio, and myocardial strain and strain rate were made offline. A composite outcome of protein‐losing enteropathy (PLE), plastic bronchitis, transplant, or death was created, and change in function was compared between those who did and those who did not meet the outcome.ResultsThere were 312 echocardiograms from 40 unique patients (75% male, 55% dominant right ventricle). The aggregate mean values for most assessed parameters were worse than what would be expected for a healthy age‐matched population. The global longitudinal strain rate increased (worsened) by 0.014 (1/s) per year (P = .02), and the global circumferential strain rate increased (worsened) by 0.011 (1/s) per year (P = .01). There was no difference in the rate of change of ventricular function in the 6 patients who met the composite endpoint vs those who did not.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that global longitudinal strain rate and global circumferential strain rate decrease over 10 years following Fontan operation. These measures of ventricular performance may be early signs of cardiac dysfunction that predate more obvious echocardiographic signs of deterioration.
Comprehensive analyses of maxillofacial fractures due to non‐professional sports activities in Italy
Authors: Bojino Alessandro , Roccia Fabio , Giaccone Elena , Cocis Stefan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground/AimSports activities have become increasingly popular among amateurs and this has led to an increase in maxillofacial fractures. The aim of this study was to investigate the management of amateur sport‐related maxillofacial fractures and appropriate preventive measures.MethodsA trauma database was used to analyze 3231 patients with maxillofacial fractures admitted to the Maxillofacial Surgery Division of Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, Turin, Italy, from January 2001 to December 2019. Only patients with non‐professional sports‐related maxillofacial fractures were included. The following data were collected: age, gender, type of sport, mechanisms of injury, sites of fracture, Facial Injury Severity Scale, associated injuries, month of trauma, time to treatment, treatment, length of stay, and interval before return to sport.ResultsThere were 432 patients, 378 males and 54 females, with a mean age of 29.2 (5‐76 years). Sport‐related maxillofacial fractures’ relative percent ranged from 11.1% in 2001 to 17.5% in 2019. Soccer was the most common cause of sport‐related maxillofacial fractures (54.2%), and impact with a player/opponent was the main mechanism of injury (72%). An intentional violent act (player hit by a fist) was the cause of fracture in 8.5% of the soccer‐related injuries. Fractures of the middle third of the face occurred in 61.2% of patients. Maxillofacial fractures were treated within 24 h in 25% of patients. There were 343 out of 412 patients who received open reduction and internal fixation (mean length of hospital stay: 3.7 days). There was no contraindication to resuming sport activities at 30/40 days after treatment, except for combat sports.ConclusionsThis study provided further evidence of a relative increase in sports‐related maxillofacial fractures. Soccer is related to the majority of sport maxillofacial fractures. Adherence to the rules is necessary to limit violent acts that cause such injuries. In non‐professional players, resumption of the full activity is allowed after 40 days for non‐combat sports.
The European Association for Sports Dentistry, Academy for Sports Dentistry, European College of Sports and Exercise Physicians consensus statement on sports dentistry integration in sports medicine
Authors: Stamos Athanasios , Mills Steve , Malliaropoulos Nikos , Cantamessa Sophie , Dartevelle Jean‐Luc , Gündüz Elif , Laubmeier Jeffrey , Hoy Jeffrey , Kakavas Georgios , Le Garrec Sébastien , Kaux Jean‐François , Ghrairi Mourad , Lohrer Heinz , Engels‐Deutsch Marc 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSports medicine has a multidisciplinary character which allows different medical specialties to investigate the prevention, etiology, and treatment of athletes’ diseases. This leads to a decreased risk of injury and a faster return to play as well as an improvement in the overall health and well‐being of athletes of any level and in all sports around the world. The oral health of athletes is now the subject of great attention internationally because of the increased prevalence and incidence of health issues such as dental caries and erosion, periodontal disease, defective occlusion, temporomandibular joint disorders, and orofacial injuries. Scientific evidence and research on these issues have also intensified over recent years. The best way to maintain player's health and performance is to include oral health in sports medicine with physicians and dentists working closely together at the individual level as well as with the cooperation between local and international sports medicine and dentistry associations. The European Association for Sports Dentistry, the Academy for Sports Dentistry, and the European College of Sports and Exercise Physicians are leading the way and have worked together to develop a consensus statement describing the main pillars of oral health integration into sports medicine based on the most common oral diseases found in athletes and linked to exercise, sports, and performance.