bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of different doses of cyclobenzaprine-HCl on the reproductive health of female Wistar rats
Authors: Ibrahim Sara , El Ghareeb Abd El Wahab , EL-Sherif Ahmed A. , El-Rahman Heba Ali Abd 
Published: December 2024

Background
Women often experience significant burdens both at home and in their professional lives, which can lead to physical and mental strain. To manage these challenges, medications such as cyclobenzaprine-HCl, originally developed as a tricyclic antidepressant but reintroduced as a muscle relaxant, are sometimes used. Its effectiveness in treating muscle spasms, localized pain, and limited range of motion in acute musculoskeletal conditions has been well documented.

Objective
The objective of this study was to explore the potential consequences of cyclobenzaprine-HCl on reproductive health by assessing its influence on female Wistar rats.

Materials and methods
The study was conducted on 18 adult female Wistar rats, divided into three groups: a control group receiving distilled water and two treated groups with two doses − a low-dose group receiving 1.5 mg/kg of cyclobenzaprine-HCl and a high-dose group receiving 3 mg/kg, administered orally for 30 days. We assessed the impact of cyclobenzaprine-HCl on serum hormonal levels (progesterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone), oxidative stress markers (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdehyde), histopathological changes in ovaries and uteri, and DNA stability using the comet assay.

Results and conclusion
The study revealed that cyclobenzaprine-HCl caused hormonal imbalances distinguished by significant increase in estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone levels, and significant decreases in progesterone and luteinizing hormone levels. Dissruptions in oxidative stress markers were characterized by elevated malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione levels. Histopathological abnormalities included degeneration, deformed follicles, congested blood vessels, and necrosis in the ovarian tissue. In addition, diffused eosinophil infiltration, pyknotic nuclei, glandular hyperplasia, necrosis, and hypercellularity in the uterine tissue. DNA instability was observed in both dosage groups as evidenced by fragmented DNA in the shape of comets. These findings underscore the potential reproductive toxicity of cyclobenzaprine-HCl in female rats, suggesting a need for caution in its use considering its possible adverse effects on reproductive health.
Influence of oxytocin level and oxytocin receptor gene expression on the status and severity of autism spectrum disorder in a group of Egyptian children
Authors: Hashish Shaimaa M. , Nazmy Nahla , Desouky Lubna M. , Elsaeid Amal , Zeidan Hala M. 
Published: December 2024

Background
The use of oxytocin (OXT) as a biomarker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its role in the pathophysiology of ASD is still controversial and not straightforward.

Objective
To evaluate, the association of ASD risk with OXT concentration and the expression of its receptor (OXTR) mRNA in a group of children with autism, in addition, to investigating the influence of OXT and OXTR on the status and severity of the disorder in the study ASD group.

Patients and methods
This study included 30 children diagnosed with ASD, representing the cases group, and a comparable 30 neurotypical children with matched age and sex as a control group. After detailed history taking, pedigree construction, and clinical examination to exclude recognizable syndromes, OXT level and OXTR gene expression were assessed in all included children.

Results and conclusion
The OXT level in autistic cases was significantly lower than in controls (P=0.0001). Also, the fold change of OXTR was significantly lower than controls (P=0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that at a cut-off point of less than 0.2806, OXTR showed reasonable diagnostic performance with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 53.33, 78.2, 72.7, and 63.2, respectively (P=0.0067). At a cut-off point of less than or equal to 119 pg/ml, the OXT level showed good diagnostic performance with sensitivity (86.67%), specificity (76.67%), positive predictive value (78.8%), and negative predictive value (85.2%) (P<0.0001). Our results proved the potential role of OXT plasma measurements and gene expression in diagnosing ASD at optimal cut-off values. These results support the use of OXT as a biomarker for ASD and also as a possible therapeutic option to improve the social behavior of ASD children.
A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of anemia in Africa
Authors: Mude Abdirasak Sharif Ali , Nageye Yahye Ahmed , Bello Kizito Eneye 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The incidence of anemia in Africa is still of major epidemiological significance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia in Africa through a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published studies. We conducted a comprehensive search across five electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar) using specific keywords to address the prevalence of anemia following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. A meta-analysis was performed on our eligible studies using the random-effects model. Our search returned 101 eligible articles involving 79,572 anemia cases in 14 African nations. The overall pooled prevalence of anemia in Africa was 29.2% (95% confidence interval: 25.2%–33.7% I2 = 99.28%). Subgroup analyses revealed variations in the prevalence across different countries, study designs, maturity status of participants, and publication years. Notably, Egypt and South Africa exhibited high prevalence rates of 99.5% and 85.6%, respectively, whereas Ethiopia reported a moderately low prevalence of 19.3%. The maturity status also influenced prevalence rates, with children indicating a higher prevalence (58.8%) compared to adults (21%). The study highlights the significant burden of anemia in Africa; the findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions and improved standard of living to manage and control anemia in the region.
Ultrasonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter during laparoscopic surgeries in pediatric patients: An observational study
Authors: Ray Swarup , Parmar Uditi , Dias Raylene , Saxen Vishal , Mujpurwala Fatema , Anu K A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Laparoscopic surgery involves creation of carbondioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum leading to a rise in intracranial pressure (ICP), which can cause expansion of optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSD).We aimed to study the magnitude of changes in ONSD occurring during pediatric laparoscopic surgery and correlate them with changes in end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), intrabdominal pressure (IAP), and a change in patient position (P).

Material and Methods:
Thirty-five pediatric patients between 1 and 12 years undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia were included.The ONSD, EtCO2, IAP, and position (P) in degrees from supine were recorded 15 min post-anesthesia induction(T1) and 30 min following the establishment of pneumoperitoneum (T2).The difference between the two groups was analyzed using a paired or unpaired t-test for quantitative variables and using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for qualitative data.Correlation between two quantitative variables was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results:
Mean ONSD showed a significant change (P < 0.001) 30 min (T2) following pneumoperitoneum increasing by an average of 0.04cm as compared to 15 min (T1) post-anesthesia induction (0.57 ± 0.06 vs. 0.61 ± 0.06). There was a moderate to strong positive correlation between change in ONSD and change in EtCO2(correlation coefficient = 0.629, P = 0.001) 30 min post pneumoperitoneum. There was a weak correlation between change in ONSD and change in position (correlation coefficient = 0.276) and a very weak correlation between change in ONSD and change in IAP (correlation coefficient = 0.19).

Conclusions:
Laparoscopic surgeries in children can cause significant increases in ICP as measured by the ONSD; changes in EtCO2 are the predominant factor responsible. Increasing minute ventilation to maintain normal EtCO2 may help mitigate changes in ICP in children undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
Comorbidities of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease – An Observational Case–Control Study
Authors: Mohan Neethu , Kandekath Madhu , Nair M. Raveendran , Parappil Ravindran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presently ranks globally as one of the top three causes of mortality. COPD is constantly seen coexisting with other diseases and this association negatively affects patients with the disease, in the context of exacerbations, morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Identifying and managing the different comorbidities presents diagnostic challenges for both the health-care provider and the patient. However, the distribution and types of comorbidities vary among various studies from different parts of the world.

Objective:
The objective is to study the prevalence of various comorbidities in COPD versus age and sex-matched non-COPD group.

Materials and Methods:
The study is designed as an observational case–control study from a tertiary care center in South Kerala. A total of 150 patients diagnosed with COPD attending the pulmonary medicine department and 150 non-COPD nonsmoker patients attending other medical and surgery wards were recruited for the study. They were evaluated for the prevalence of major comorbidities with the help of a questionnaire and relevant investigations and results were analyzed by applying Chi-square test.

Results:
Mostly encountered comorbidities among COPD versus non-COPD patients were hypertension (53.3% vs. 38.67%, P = 0.01), coronary artery disease (35.67% vs. 24%, P = 0.006), diabetes mellitus (DM) (40% vs. 28.67%, P = 0.003), arrhythmias (12.67% vs. 6% P = 0.047), carcinoma lung (6.67% vs. 0, P = 0.0038), osteoporosis (29.33% vs. 16.67%, P = 0.009), sarcopenia (21.3% VS 12.67, P = 0.01), pneumonia (20.6% vs. 6%, P = 0.009), anxiety and/or depression (27.33% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
These comorbidities were found to have a statistically significant association with COPD versus non-COPD group. Results from our study are at par with similar studies in the literature.
The Unusual Trajectory of an Incidental Tracheal Lesion
Authors: Babu Anjali , Jayaprakash B. , Shajahan P. S. , Joseph Tinku 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Instances of tracheal metastasis are seldom documented in literature, appearing as an elusive phenomenon. The most common metastatic tumors to the airway include renal cell carcinoma, sarcomas, breast and colon cancer, and melanoma. Metastatic tumors that involve the trachea can cause airway compromise by direct invasion and endoluminal obstruction or by extrinsic compression of the trachea. A case of tracheal metastasis from carcinoma colon in a 70-year-old male is reported due to its rarity.
Pleuroscopy Using Flexible Bronchoscope – Usefulness in Resource-limited Medical Setting, Technique, and Paul’s Paradox
Authors: Paul Akhil 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In rural areas of the world with limited resources, for a chest physician, pleuroscope is a luxury to have that can impair the efficiency of diagnostics. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety profile of using a flexible bronchoscope to perform pleuroscopy in a larger cohort of patients with pleural effusions and also to explain the step-by-step process of this technique.

Method:
The patients who underwent pleuroscopy in our department of pulmonary medicine from 2017 to 2024 for the evaluation of pleural effusions formed the study cohort in this prospective observational study.

Results:
Among the cohort of 172 patients, 115 (66.9%) were male and the mean age of the study cohort was 60 years. The diagnostic yield of this technique was 98.8%. Tuberculosis was the most common etiology among men (51.3%) and malignancy was the most common etiology in women (43.86%). 31.4% of the patients had malignancy. Fifty-one patients (29.65%) had multiple loculations with septations along with organized pleural collections. There was no significant procedure-related complications. “Explore-break-suction-explore” were the steps followed in using the flexible bronchoscope to perform pleuroscopy in complicated effusions.

Conclusion:
When the standard medical pleuroscopy using the rigid or semirigid thoracoscopes is not feasible, after taking informed consent, using flexible bronchoscope to perform pleurcoscopy is a feasible technique that can be used in resource-limited settings to diagnose the etiology of the pleural effusions and to break the loculations and to drain the empyema.
A Rare Disease Which Licks the Face and Bites the Lung
Authors: Philip Sophia , Rajendran Parvathi , Krishnan Jijith , Venugopal K. P. , George Sunny , Tom Sneha Clare , Anirudhan Renjana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A lung disease with primary skin manifestations is causing delay in diagnosis due to its rarity and unawareness.
Epidemiology of ABO and rhesus blood groups in blood donors at a North Indian tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Tyagi Mayurika Subodh Kumar , Singh Swati , Chaurasiya Priyanka 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The ABO blood type system has been the most crucial in transfusion medicine since it is discovered by Karl Landsteiner. Studies of population migration patterns and the resolution of certain medicolegal problems, especially those involving disputed paternity, highlight the significance of the blood group systems in population genetics. The purpose of this research was to collect information on the ABO and rhesus (Rh) blood type frequencies and distributions among donors in a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Materials and Methods:
Data were collected retrospectively from January 2018 to June 2023 of donors and analyzed sequentially for their ABO and Rh blood groups. Donor blood groups were determined using test tube and column agglutination techniques, with forward and reverse methods, with the aid of widely available standard monoclonal antisera.

Results:
The findings showed that blood group B (38%) was the most frequent among donors, followed by O (28%) and A (23%). The blood group with the lowest frequency was AB (11%). The majority of donors were Rh-positive (93.9%). About 6.1% of the population were negative for the Rh factor.

Conclusion:
It was observed that the most prevalent blood group throughout the entire duration of the study, among both males and females, was B, accounting for 37.80% of the population. The prevalence of RhD-negative in the population was shown to be only 6.10%. Based on the findings of the current investigation and previous relevant studies, it can be deduced that the B blood group exhibits the highest prevalence rates within the examined region, followed by blood groups O (30.73%), A (23.20%), and AB (10.90%). This project will provide valuable insights for the effective management of blood bank and transfusion services, as well as the maintenance of comprehensive donor records for future utilization.
Steatocystoma multiplex - A rare case report
Authors: Kaur Navdeep , Sharma Richa , Singh Swati , Mittal Adreena , Jain Mansi , Dixit Alka , Yadav Geetanjali 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Steatocystoma multiplex is a rare inherited condition characterized by the development of numerous hamartomatous cystic lesions originating from the pilosebaceous duct junction, usually manifesting at puberty. It follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern and presents clinically with multiple asymptomatic cysts, primarily in areas with a high concentration of pilosebaceous glands such as the groin, axilla, and scrotum. The lesions typically appear as skin-colored or yellowish papules. A 19-year-old male presented with multiple papular lesions on his neck for 1.5 years, which later spread to his lower back and left scapular region. Physical examination revealed well-defined, round to oval dermal cysts, varying in size from 5 to 7 cm, without a family history of similar conditions. Suspecting steatocystoma multiplex, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and biopsy were performed. FNAC revealed an oily material with squamous cells, and the biopsy showed cysts lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with sebaceous glands near the cyst wall, confirming the diagnosis. Steatocystoma multiplex, first described in 1873 and named by Pringle in 1899, is linked to mutations in the Keratin 17 (K17) gene and usually affects individuals in their second and third decades. The condition is benign but often causes cosmetic concerns, leading to patient treatment-seeking behavior. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in reducing the psychological impact of the disease. This case is noteworthy due to the rare occurrence of steatocystoma multiplex in the head and neck region.
Review of Original Research, Processing Evolution, Chemical Constituents, and Pharmacological Effects of Semen Vaccariae
Authors: Li Yan-Feng , Liu Ya-Shu , Ai Yuan-Liang , Liu Zheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To review published literature, summarize information on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Semen Vaccariae (SV), and make it available for future researchers to understand the general research status of SV. The literature was collected from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Flora of China, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubChem, and other online databases. The result shows: SV contains flavonoid glycosides, triterpenoid saponins, volatile oils, cyclic peptides, phenolic acids, alkaloids, and other chemical components, and it has antitumor, anti-depression, anti-fibrosis, hypolipidemic, liver and lung injury protective and other effects. Currently, research on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of SV has made little progress; however, the understanding of specific therapeutic mechanisms of action on clinical conditions, such as cardiovascular, prostate, and osteoporosis remains to be improved. In addition, this study describes the plant origin and processing evolution of SV to understand SV more comprehensively.
Simple weight modules over the
$N=1$
Heisenberg–Virasoro superalgebra
Authors: Lan Chao , Liu Dong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a classification of all simple Harish-Chandra modules for the
$N=1$
Heisenberg–Virasoro superalgebra, which turn out to be highest weight modules, lowest weight modules, and evaluation modules of the intermediate series (all weight spaces are one dimensional). Moreover, a characterization of the tensor product of highest weight modules with intermediate series modules is obtained.
Keyakinan-keyakinan Dasar Teologi Injili Dan Usulan Pemikiran Implementasinya bagi Gereja Untuk Menghadapi Ajaran Kristen Progresif
Authors: Mujono Epafras , Astuti Puji , Ratu Pa Jubliana 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian deskriptif dengan studi kepustakaan ini memiliki beberapa latar belakang sebagai berikut: Pertama, adanya kekurangpahaman atau juga kesalahpahaman sebagian orang Kristen, mengenai teologi Injili. Tetapi satu sisi semakin marak ajaran Kristen yang melenceng dari Alkitab, seperti Kristen Progresif. Kedua, semakin lunturnya keyakinan dan implementasi teologi Injili di antara orang-orang Kristen yang bergereja dengan nama Injili. Penelitian ini memiliki beberapa tujuan yakni: Pertama, untuk menjelaskan keyakinan-keyakinan dasar teologi Injili. Kedua, untuk menjelaskan usulan pemikiran implementasi dari keyakinan teologi Injili bagi gereja-gereja. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, keyakian-keyakinan dasar teologi Injili adalah: Alkitab adalah Firman yang diwahyukan Allah yang tanpa salah dalam teks aslinya, Kristus adalah Allah dan manusia sejati, sebagai Juruselamat satu-satunya, pertobatan dan iman kepada Yesus secara pribadi adalah mutlak, mengemban mandat Ilahi kultural dan spiritual, percaya adanya mujizat Allah. Kedua, usulan pemikiran implementasi teologi Injili bagi gereja adalah Alkitab harus menjadi dasar untuk mengajarkan keyakinan-keyakinan teologi Injili, khotbah-khotbah ataupun pembelajaran Alkitab harus Alkitabiah, berita pertobatan dan iman kepada Yesus secara pribadi (lahir baru) harus ditekankan, pemberitaan Injil harus menjadi program yang serius bagi gereja.
ANALISIS KUALITAS PELAPORAN KEUANGAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN INVESTOR DI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA
Authors: Zahro Ulya 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini meneliti dampak kualitas keuangan terhadap kepercayaan investor di pasar modal Indonesia. Sekalipun ada peraturan yang berlaku untuk memastikan transparansi dan akuntabilitas, variasi dalam praktik pelaporan keuangan tetap menjadi tantangan bagi investor. Tujuan utama dari penelian ini adalah untuk meneliti bagaimana kualitas laporan keuangan memengaruhi kepercayaan investor menggunakan metode analisis referensial sehubungan dengan laporan keuangan dari perusahaan yang diperdagangkan secara publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis referensi, menjelaskan data keuangan yang ada, dan melakukan penelitian berkelanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan tren. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laporan keuangan yang berkualitas tinggi, transparan, dan dapat diandalkan memiliki dampak positif pada kepercayaan investor. Sebaliknya, ketidakselarasan atau ketidakkonsistenan dalam laporan keuangan merusak kepercayaan investor, terutama pada perusahaan dengan struktur keuangan yang kompleks. Hal ini menyoroti betapa pentingnya meningkatkan standar pelaporan keuangan dan praktik bisnis guna meningkatkan kepercayaan investor terhadap pasar modal. Kata Kunci : Kualitas Pelaporan Keuangan, Kepercayaan Investor, Pasar Modal, Transparansi, Tata Kelola Perusahaan
INTEGRATING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND CHANGE: EXPLORING SECI MODEL APPLICATIONS IN SME’s AND MODERN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Ritonga Ricky Rafii , Ernanda Yovie , Simbolon Safii 
Published: December 2024

Knowledge management is a crucial element in ensuring organizational sustainability amid rapid changes. The SECI framework (Socialization, Externalization, Combination, Internalization) provides a strategic approach to creating, managing, and utilizing knowledge to support organizational transformation. This paper explores the application of the SECI model in knowledge management, the handling of tacit and explicit knowledge, and the role of technology as a catalyst for change. Through case studies of manufacturing companies, batik-based SMEs, and educational technology start-ups, the paper demonstrates how effective knowledge management enhances operational efficiency, drives innovation, and strengthens competitiveness. Furthermore, it offers practical recommendations for large organizations, SMEs, academia, and governments to adopt sustainable knowledge management strategies. The findings emphasize that integrating the SECI model with modern technology, supported by cross-sector collaboration, enables organizations to adapt and innovate in the face of change. Knowledge management serves not only as an internal organizational asset but also as a strategic tool for creating value and delivering positive impacts for both organizations and society.