bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of docosahexaenoic acid plus insulin on atherosclerotic human endothelial cells
Authors: Abriz Aysan Eslami , Rahbarghazi Reza , Nourazarian Alireza , Avci Çıgır Biray , Mahboob Soltan Ali , Rahnema Maryam , Araghi Atefeh , Heidarzadeh Morteza 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis is touted as one of the most critical consequences of diabetes mellitus indicated by local inflammation of endothelial cells. The Effect of Omega 3 fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has been investigated in cells after exposure to high doses of lipids. The current experiment aimed to address the modulatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid and insulin in palmitic-treated human endothelial cells. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with 1mM palmitic acid, 50μM insulin, 50μM docosahexaenoic acid, and their combination for 48 hours. Cell survival rate and apoptosis were measured using MTT and flow cytometry assays. The Griess assay detected NO levels. Protein levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB were studied using ELISA and immunofluorescence imaging. The expression of genes participating in atherosclerosis was monitored using PCR array analysis. Results: Oil Red O staining showed the inhibitory effect of DHA and insulin to reduce the intracellular accumulation of palmitic acid. Both DHA and Insulin blunted palmitic acid detrimental effects on HUVECs indicated by an increased survival rate (p<0.05). The percent of apoptotic cells was decreased in palmitic-treated cells received insulin and DHA compared to palmitic-treated group (p<0.05). Based on our data, DHA and Insulin diminished the production of all inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB, in palmitic-treated cells (p<0.05). Similar to these data, NO production was also decreased in all groups treated with insulin and DHA compared to the palmitic-treated cells (p<0.05). PCR array analysis revealed the modulatory effect of DHA and insulin on the expression of atherosclerosis-related genes pre-treated with palmitic acid compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: DHA and Insulin could alter the dynamic growth and dysfunctional activity of human endothelial cells after treatment with palmitic acid. Taken together, Omega 3 fatty acids, along with insulin, could dictate specific cell behavior in endothelial cells in vitro
Consolidated bioprocessing of cellulose to itaconic acid by a co-culture of Trichoderma reesei and Ustilago maydis.
Authors: Schlembach Ivan , Tehrani Hamed , Blank Lars Mathias , Büchs Jochen , Wierckx Nick , Regestein Lars , Rosenbaum Miriam 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Itaconic acid is a bio-derived platform chemical with uses ranging from polymer synthesis to biofuel production. The efficient conversion of cellulosic waste streams into itaconic acid could thus enable the sustainable production of a variety of substitutes for fossil oil based products. However, the realization of such a process is currently hindered by an expensive conversion of cellulose into fermentable sugars. Here, we present the stepwise development of a fully consolidated bioprocess (CBP), which is capable to directly convert recalcitrant cellulose into itaconic acid without the need for separate cellulose hydrolysis including the application of commercial cellulases. The process is based on a synthetic microbial consortium of the cellulase producer Trichoderma reesei and the itaconic acid producing yeast Ustilago maydis. A method for process monitoring was developed to estimate cellulose consumption, itaconic acid formation as well as the actual itaconic acid production yield online during co-cultivation.Results: The efficiency of the process was compared to a simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation setup (SSF). Because of the additional substrate consumption of T. reesei in the CBP, the itaconic acid yield was significantly lower in the CBP than in the SSF. In order to increase yield and productivity of itaconic acid in the CBP, the population dynamics was manipulated by varying the inoculation delay between T. reesei and U. maydis. Surprisingly, neither inoculation delay nor inoculation density significantly affected the population development or the CBP performance. Instead, the substrate availability was the most important parameter. U. maydis was only able to grow and to produce itaconic acid when the cellulose concentration and thus, the sugar supply rate, was high. Finally, the metabolic processes during fed-batch CBP were analyzed in depth by online respiration measurements. Thereby, substrate availability was again identified as key factor also controlling itaconic acid yield. In summary, an itaconic acid titer of 34 g/L with a total productivity of up to 0.07 g/L/h and a yield of 0.16 g/g could be reached during fed-batch cultivation. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of consortium based CBP for itaconic acid production and also lays the fundament for the development and improvement of similar microbial consortia for cellulose based organic acid production.
Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia From the North-eastern Area of Romania
Authors: Vlad Cristiana-Elena , Foia Liliana , Florea Laura , Costache Irina-Iuliana , Covic Andreea , Popescu Roxana , Reurean-Pintilei Delia , Covic Adrian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background. Familial hypercholesterolemia(FH) is one of the most frequent and important monogenic cholesterol pathologies. Traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors increase the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD) in this population. The aims of the study were: (a)to identify FH patients in the North-Eastern part of Romania and to analyze demographic, clinical and paraclinical data (b)to evaluate the risk of new cardiovascular events at follow-up in FH patients stratified by lipid-lowering agents.Methods. This first prospective study in the North-Eastern part of Romania was carried out between October 2017 and October 2019; out of 980 patients with dyslipidemia evaluated with the Dutch Lipid Network(DLCN) and Simon Broome(SM) scores, 61 patients with DLCN score above 3 and possible/probable FH (SM score) were included.Results. The 61 subjects with clinical diagnosis of FH (6.2% of all patients examined) recorded a mean age of 48.5±12.5 years, with more female patients than male patients. Hypertension was the main cardiovascular risk factor for both genders, followed by physical inactivity and obesity for the female group and active smoking for the male group. The measured DLCN score recorded: “possible” FH identified in 39.4%, “probable” FH in 45.9% and “definite” FH in 14.7%. As far as treatment was concerned, the effective lipid-lowering drugs were statin alone and statin in association with fenofibrate, which improved both the lipid profile values and the subclinical atherosclerosis markers (ankle-brachial index, carotid intima-media thickness and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein). New ASCVDs that emerged during the study were most commonly represented by coronary heart disease and stroke. At the same time, the new CV events were delayed in patients receiving the lipid-lowering drugs, without significant differences between them.Conclusions. In patients with suspected FH, the lipid-lowering agents during the follow-up delayed the new cardiovascular events, yet failed to reach the goals proposed by the guidelines.
COVID-19-related mental health burden and reduced awareness of mental healthcare services in low income earners of Western Uganda&nbsp;
Authors: Lemuel Ann Monima , Usman Ibe Michael , Kasozi Kenneth Iceland , Aigbogun Eric . Osamudiamwen , Bassey Victor Archibong , Ifie Josiah , Ssebuufu Robinson , Afodun Adam Moyosore , Terkimbi Swase Dominic , Mbiydzenyuy Ngala Elvis , Adeoye Azeez , Aruwa Joshua Ojodale , Saidi Odoma , Ssempijja Fred , Ayuba John Tabakwot , Onohuean Hope , Kembabazi Stellamaris , Pius Theophilus , Nankya Viola , Matama Kevin , Henry Rachael , Yusuf Helen , Welburn Susan Christina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The imposed COVID-19 lockdown is taking a toll on mental health individuals, with low-income earners considered most affected, as the imposed lockdown was accompanied with partial or complete loss of livelihood among low income earners. The study aimed to investigate level of education and relationship status on awareness of mental healthcare and explore how these factors influence mental health among low income earners in Western Uganda.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was undertaken among low-income earners in South Western Uganda. Data were collected from two hundred and fifty-three (253) participants using a structured closed ended questionnaire. Anxiety, anger and depression were assessed using a modified generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), Spielberger’s State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) item tools respectively.Result: Most respondents were single male individuals with secondary level of education. Respondents with tertiary level of education and those with partners had higher score (71.7% and 70.28% respectively) for awareness on mental healthcare. Respondents with primary education level and individuals that were single had higher score (46.98% and 43.72% respectively) for anxiety. Respondents with primary education level and those living with partners had higher mean score (56.44% and 56.21% respectively) for anger. Respondents with no formal education and those who had lost partners had higher mean score (32.11% and 30.50% respectively) for depression. Individuals without formal educational and primary education were observed to have a negative correlation (r2 = 47.4 and 6.4% respectively) with awareness on mental healthcare, and the no formal group had positive correlation with anger and depression (r2 =1.9 and 0.3% respectively), while other groups were negatively correlated (r2 =10.1%). The group of single individuals had a negative correlation with awareness on mental healthcare, anger and depression (r2 =1.9, 0.8 and 0.3% respectively), and a positive correlation with anxiety (r2 =3.9%).Conclusion: It is evident that education and relationship status influence awareness on mental healthcare and mental health state among low income earners in Western Uganda. Therefore, we suggest policy maker pay more attention to social transformation, through proper engagement of low income earners.
Detecting In-Vitro Colistin Resistance- A Comparative Study Between Broth Microdilution Versus Vitek-2 For Colistin Susceptibility Testing
Authors: Butta Hena , Mendiratta Leena , Sardana Raman , Gilotra Kirti , Hasan Sana , Kansal Sudha , Chatterjee Suranjit 
Published: November 2020

Background: Susceptibility testing for polymyxins is a great challenge for a Clinical Microbiology laboratory. There are several methodological issues associated with MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) determination of colistin.
Methods: In our study, we have compared the results of colistin susceptibility testing by Automated system (Vitek-2, Biomerieux, France) with the reference Broth Microdilution method (BMD) to identify the type of discrepancies by Vitek-2 method and thus develop a practical and accurate approach for colistin susceptibility testing in a Clinical Microbiology laboratory. A total of 730 strains of Gram negative bacteria [Escherichia coli (325), Klebsiella sp.(346), Acinetobacter baumanii complex (37) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22)] from 485 patents were tested simultaneously by BMD and Vitek-2 method for colistin susceptibility testing.
Results: The Essential agreement (EA), Categorical agreement (CA), Very major error (VME) and Major error (ME) rates for Klebsiella sp. were 87.3%, 89.3%, 8% and 2.3% respectively, for Escherichia coli were 88.3%, 89.5%, 9.2% and 1.2% respectively, for Acinetobacter baumannii complex were 89.1%, 91.8%, 8.1% and 0% respectively, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 68.1%, 72.7%, 0% and 27.2% respectively.
Conclusions: Colistin susceptibility testing by Vitek-2 method is an easily adoptable method and the results of Vitek-2 with reference to BMD are acceptable to a great extent in Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumanii complex. So, we believe that Vitek-2 method may be used for colistin susceptibility testing in low risk patients. However, BMD should be used in high risk immunosupressed and immunocompromised patients who are admitted in critical care units. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, BMD should be routinely used.
Study of Various Vesiculobullous Lesions Using Tzanck Smear
Authors: Singhal Sanchit , M Hemalata 
Published: November 2020

Background: The vesiculobullous reaction pattern is characterized by the presence of vesicles or bullae within the epidermis or at the dermoepidermal junction. Despite some having characteristic presentations, it’s difficult to make a definite diagnosis clinically. Hence, cytological evaluation is required for reliable and early diagnosis. Objectives of the study are to determine the incidence of various vesiculobullous lesions and evaluate cytology as a tool for early diagnosis of vesiculobullous lesions.
Methods: For Tzanck smears fresh vesicle or bulla was selected and incised with scalpel, reflecting the roof of bulla. Base of the blister scraped gently and material spread on a glass slide. These smears were stained with MGG (air dried), Pap and H&E stains (fixed).Skin punch biopsies from the bullae were subjected to routine fixation, processing, sectioning and staining.
Results: A total of 62 Tzanck smears were done for vesiculobullous lesions of skin of which 29 had histopathological correlation. Herpes constituted the most common vesiculobullous disorder (42%) followed by bullous pemphigoid (27.4%) and pemphigus vulgaris (19.3%). Most patients were in the age group 61- 70 years. The M:F ratio of 1:1.38 showing female preponderance. Tzanck smears showed acantholytic cells in pemphigus group, eosinophils in bullous pemphigoid and multinucleate giant cells in viral blisters. Histopathology showed intraepidermal acantholysis in pemphigus vulgaris, subcorneal blister in pemphigus foliaceus and subepidermal in bullous pemphigoid.
Conclusion: Cytohistopathological correlation showed an overall sensitivity of 79%. Tzanck smear showed 96% sensitivity for viral infections. Tzanck smear is a quick, non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of vesiculobullous disorders.
A Study of Histopathological Spectrum of Ovarian Neoplastic and Non-Neoplastic Lesions at Teaching Hospital, Ahmedabad
Authors: Patel Piyush Ashokbhai , Patel Deval Narendrakumar , Patel Mona Manubhai , Bhalodia Jignasa Nathalal 
Published: November 2020

Background: Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most common gynecologic cancers that ranks third after cervical and uterine cancer. ovarian lesions are neoplastic and non neoplastic and many neoplastic lesions are asymptomatic and possess great challenge to the gynecological oncologist.
Aims & Objectives: To analyze frequency, age distribution and histopathological spectrum of ovarian lesions at teaching hospital, Ahmedabad.
Materials & Method: This study was undertaken between period of 1st January 2018 to 29th February 2020 at Department of Pathology, GMERS Medical college, sola, Ahmedabad. H and E stained slides were examined by light microscopy and histopathological type of lesions were classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification -2014.
Results: There were total 182 cases of ovarian lesions. 56(30.76%) cases are neoplastic, among them only 6(10.71%) were malignant. Surface epithelial tumor (n=27 cases, 48.21%) were most common neoplastic lesion while sex cord stromal tumor (n=8 cases,14.29%) were least common. Most common age group affected for neoplastic lesions was 31-40 years.
Conclusion: We found that ovarian lesions affect wide variation of age starting from 11 years young patient to 65 years old patients. Non neoplastic lesions were almost double in prevalence than neoplastic lesions. Histopathological analysis according to WHO classification reveal that surface epithelial tumors and germ cell tumors were forms the majority of neoplastic lesions.
A mathematical approach to improving the representation of surface water–groundwater exchange in the hyporheic zone
Authors: He Bowen , Guan Qun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIt is well known that land surface topography governs surface–groundwater interactions under some circumstances and can be separated in a Fourier-series spectrum that provides an exact analytical solution of both the surface and the underlying three-dimensional groundwater flows. We evaluate the performance of the current Fourier fitting process by testing on different scenarios of synthetic surfaces. We identify a technical gap and propose a new version of the approach which incorporates the spectral analysis method to help identify the statistically significant frequencies of the surface to guide the refinement and mesh. Our results show that spectral analysis is the method that can help improve the accuracy of representing the surface, thus further improving the accuracy of predicting the bedform-driven hyporheic exchange flows.
Field-scale anaerobic baffled reactor for domestic wastewater treatment: effect of dynamic operating conditions
Authors: Yenji S. S. , Munavalli G. R. , Koli M. M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A 45 m3/d field-scale anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) was studied for its performance to remove carbonaceous organic content and suspended solids under a dynamic hydraulic loading rate (HLR) and organic loading rate (OLR). Sludge granulation effect was also assessed with and without sand as a bio-carrier aided with poly aluminium chloride. ABR was subjected to a significant variation in HLR (0.26 to 7.72 m3/m2.d) and OLR (0.03 to 8 kg COD/m3.d). Tracer study showed flow-through time was 50% of theoretical hydraulic retention time. The initial compartments of ABR were more effective for the removal of organic carbon. An overall CODTotal removal of 60 to 90% was possible for OLR in the range 1 to 8 kg COD/m3.d irrespective of low/high HLR. OLR dominated the performance of ABR compared to HLR. The compartmentalized nature of ABR was visualized through a two-phase system of anaerobic digestion as alkalinity increased while VFA decreased from the first to last compartment even under dynamic conditions. Sludge granulation with sand and PAC increased the size of granule from 629 to 1,471 μm, decreased sludge depth by 20% and enhanced CODTotal removal within a month. ABR is sturdy to sustain low/high HLR with low/high OLR conditions without impairing CODTotal removal efficiency significantly.
Apendicitis aguda por migración de dispositivo intrauterino con obstrucción del apéndice cecal: Reporte de casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Poveda Ortiz Oscar Mauricio , Pedraza Mauricio , Cabrera Luis Felipe , Baez Dayana Katerin 
Published: November 2020

Introducción
El dispositivo intrauterino es un método de planificación muy usado en el mundo,sin embargo no está exento de complicaciones una de esta es la perforación uterina y migración del DIU a la cavidad abdominal que aunque es poco frecuente tiene graves repercusiones clínicas y se ha estudiado su relación con la adecuada o no inserción del dispositivo, el tamaño y configuración del útero, las anomalías o cirugías uterinas y el momento de la inserción tras el parto.
Reporte de caso
Presentamos el caso de una paciente femenina de 36 años con cuadro de 12 horas de evolución consistente en dolor en mesogastrio que se irradia a fosa iliaca derecha de intensidad 9/10 tipo peso, asociado a fiebre cuantificada en 38.9º. Se sometió a laparoscopia diagnóstica con hallazgo de apendicitis aguda secundaria a obstrucción del lumen por DIU por lo que se realiza apendicectomía.
Conclusión
El tratamiento adecuado cuando se presenta esta complicación, es la extracción quirúrgica ya sea por vía laparoscópica o laparotomía para disminuir el riesgo complicaciones asociadas.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PJOK MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TAI PADA SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 9 SUBAGAN
Authors: Budi Trimantara I Komang Budi 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi masih rendahnya minat, motivasi, dan aktivitas belajar siswa sehingga hasil belajar siswa kurang tercapai secara optimal. Dari permasalahan tersebut guru sebagai pengelola proses pembelajaran diharapkan dapat menciptakan suasana belajar yang merangsang minat belajar siswa dan mampu menyediakan lingkungan belajar yang menarik bagi siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar PJOK melalui implementasi model pembelajaran TAI pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 9 Subagan semester I tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan sebanyak 2 siklus, terdiri dari, rencana tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi/evaluasi, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian siswa kelas V SD Negeri 9 Subagan yang berjumlah 16 orang terdiri dari 7 siswa putra dan 9 siswa putri. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil analisis data pada siklus. Persentase hasil belajar PJOK secara klasikal pada siklus I sebesar 81,25% (baik), dan pada siklus II sebesar 100% (sangat baik). Dari siklus I ke siklus II mengalami peningkatan sebesar 18,75% dan rata-rata dari kedua siklus adalah 90,62%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Hasil belajar PJOK meningkat melalui implementasi model pembelajaran TAI pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 9 Subagan semester I tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Disarankan kepada guru penjasorkes untuk menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TAI karena dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar PJOK Kata – kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TAI , Hasil Belajar, PJOK
Organização curricular
Authors: Oliveira Maria Aparecida Costa , Velanga Carmen Tereza 
Published: November 2020

Os conteúdos referentes à história e cultura afro-brasileira e indígena deverão ser ministrados no âmbito de todo o currículo escolar, em especial nas áreas de Educação Artística, Literatura e História Brasileira, logo, pensado institucionalmente de maneira a atender às diversidades culturais de sua comunidade escolar e de seu entorno. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir alguns dados de pesquisas a partir do banco de dados da CAPES em diálogo paralelo com dados do IBGE e autores do Pós-colonialismo, destacando as discussões tecidas sobre a diversidade cultural com a implantação da lei 10.639 (BRASIL,2003) alterada pela Lei 11.645 (BRASIL,2008) e suas diretrizes, no meio escolar. Observa-se que a abordagem da educação das relações étnico-raciais ainda continua fragilizada, devendo ser enfatizada no ambiente educacional. Em análise a esses trabalhos de pesquisa observamos a urgência e a necessidade de os educadores fomentar encaminhamentos sobre os valores, as representações sobre o negro e a construção da identidade negra a partir da educação.