bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation Trends of Precipitation and Runoff in the Jinsha River Basin, China: 1961-2015
Authors: Xiong Yi , Zhou Jianzhong , Sun Na , Jia Benjun , Hu Guohua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Data analysis and mathematical statistics are used to analyze the Interannual variation of runoff and precipitation in the Jinsha River basin from 1961 to 2015. The area average annual precipitation showed no significant upward trend, and the annual runoff showed no significant downward trend. The results of cumulative anomaly test, MK mutation test and sliding t test are consistent, there were three mutation years of 1984, 1997 and 2005 in the time series of annual precipitation and runoff in the Jinsha River basin. This study also provides necessary hydrometeorological basic information for quantitative assessment of the contribution rate of climate change and human activities to runoff change.
Study on the Learning Algorithms of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sun Qinghua , Yin Fengxiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article delves into artificial intelligence algorithms. From a functional and formal point of view, the artificial intelligence algorithms are divided into four categories which named: statistical based algorithms, tree-based algorithms, neural network-based algorithms, and comprehensive algorithms. On this basis, the common algorithm model and its principle in the field of artificial intelligence are analyzed in this paper. In order to further study the semantic logic in artificial intelligence field, based on the tools of semantic vector space model, this paper abstract and analyze the process of understanding “Knowledge Set” on the empirical level and “Control Knowledge Set” on the thinking level. This paper lays a theoretical foundation for the research of artificial intelligence and robots.
UAV Formation Control Method Based on Consistency Strategy
Authors: Xue Yinghui , Luo Yongjian , Zhu Min 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Based on a Four-rotor UAV model, a distributed UAV cooperative formation control algorithm based on consistency strategy in three-dimensional space is proposed. The convergence and validity of the proposed algorithm are proved by simulation experiments under the condition that the model and simulation assumptions are satisfied.
Research on Generalization of Baseband Equipment and Satellite Simulator
Authors: Kou Mingxin , Su Yonghe , Ai Tengfei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The contradiction between the shortage of satellite simulator resources and the diversification of model missions is becoming more and more obvious. The demand for multi-institutional satellite simulators is particularly urgent for each ship, and the satellite simulator and baseband equipment can be fully designed. In this paper, the basic concepts of baseband and satellite simulator are introduced. The key technologies for the generalization of baseband and satellite simulator include hardware platform analysis, functional requirements analysis, generalized modulation and demodulation technology, etc., and the basic baseband and satellite simulator are proposed. Feasibility study.
Study on the Wildfires Occurring Risk Based on Fuzzy FTA
Authors: Chen Changkun , Xu Tong , Zhao Dongyue , Lei Peng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The serious consequences of wildfire urges scholars to pay more attention to control the occurrence of wildfire. Wildfire occurring is considered to be the result of satisfying comprehensive conditions including sufficient forest fuel, high forest fire-danger weather ratings and ignition source in this paper. In order to further study the causes and potential risks of wildfires. An assessment algorithm used for wildfires occurring risk is proposed by combining trapezoidal fuzzy theory and FTA. Furthermore, Xiangxi was chosen as application example, and the result shows that the top five dangerous BEs are ‘High average temperatures (X1)’, ‘illegal sacrifices (burning) (X23)’, ‘large underground humics (X7)’, ‘large weeds and dwarf shrubs (X11)’, ‘luxuriant tree branches (X14)’ exist highly risk. Finally, based on the evaluation results, suggestions are provided for the above basic events with greater risks.
In Vitro Bioactivity Study of Thermoplastic Starch/Bentonite/Hydroxyapatite Composites for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Husna Zakaria Nurul , Muhammad Noorhafiza , Bakri Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al , Noor S N F M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Potato starch composites film incorporating hybrid bentonite and hydroxyapatite (HA) were investigated as novel biomaterial for potential biomedical applications. The selected potato starch/bentonite composites were prepared using different ratios of HA (1, 5 and 10 wt%) through solution casting technique. The in vitro bioactivity of potato starch composites film and neat potato starch film to be used as a control were evaluated through immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C for 14 days. The composites films were also subjected to characterization such as morphology, pH evaluation and biodegradability analyses following immersion in SBF. The obtained results showed that the incorporation of HA into starch/bentonite composites improves the bioactivity of the starch hybrid composites by formation of apatite layer on the surface. Increasing HA content in the composite is directly proportional to the quantity of the apatite formed on the scaffolds indicating active surface interactions between the composites and SBF. Furthermore, increasing HA content contributes also to lowering biodegradability of the composite decreases.
Simulation-Based Optimization of Plastic Injection Molding Parameter for Automotive Car Wheel Fabrication Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Rosli M. U. , Khor C. Y. , Nawi M. A. M. , Ismail Haris , Ishak Muhammad Ikman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the era of revolution industry 4.0, most companies can expect metal-to-plastic conversion to result in cost savings. The objectives of this study are to find the most appropriate material composition and the injection molding process parameter to produce a plastic car wheel as a substitute for metal and aluminum alloy. The Polyetherimide (PEI) with different compositions are simulated using MoldFlow software and optimized the quality of injection molding process parameter by using Central Composite Design (CCD) in Response Surface Methodology (RSM) as to get an optimal response and meets the car wheel requirement specification. The crucial factors are melting temperature, injection time and cooling time. The quadratic model fits the model response. As the results, the optimum values suggested by the software were melt temperature of 370.27°C, 1.8s of injection time and 2599.89s of cooling time for 0% of filler (pure PEI). With small differences error value between solution and simulation, 0.1% of shrinkage and 0.9% for warpage, the results were acceptable.
Spectrophotometric Analysis Assay for the Measurement of Arsenic Using Nanocomposite of Silica and Graphene
Authors: Uda M. N. A. , Hashim Uda , Subash Gopinath C. B. , Afnan Uda M. N. , Parmin N. A. , Adam Hussain , Ibrahim Nur Hulwani 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
According to media reports in today’s world, millions of people across the globe are suffering from arsenic (As) toxicity. Arsenic heavy metal occurs in different oxidative states in the environment and enters in the food chain through soil and water. In the agricultural field, irrigation with arsenic contaminated water has a higher level of arsenic contamination on the top soil, which may eventually affects the quality of crop production. The major crop like rice requires a considerable amount of water to complete its lifecycle. In Asian countries like Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia, and Thailand, arsenic intake from rice diet is significantly higher, as rice plants have a special ability to take up arsenic from the soil and water used in irrigation. The transfer of arsenic from soil to plant systems is a serious issue that leads to considerable human exposure in a dangerous way. The applications of nanotechnology play a vital role in many research fields. And therefore, this research, employs the implementation of nanotechnology approach such as silica-grapheme nanocomposite that could be able to minimize the Arsenic heavy metal contamination issues.
Development of Internet of Things (IOT) Based Electronic Reader for Medical Diagnostic System
Authors: Afnan Uda M. N. , Jambek Asral Bahari , Hashim U , Uda M. N. A. , Bahrin M. A. F. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper is about an experiment for performing foodborne pathogens electronic reader using wireless sensing Internet of Thing (IoT). There are limited number of electronic readers for biosensors application with wireless internet connection. This research is to overcome the problem of commercial available electronic reader based on biosensor application method that only can be perform in offline or standalone device. This paper shows a complete system on how the data from electronic reader can be collected, easily understand by user and transfer data through the wireless internet connection via platform of IoT. There are three stages that is coding modification, android application development and transmit data to cloud storage. The NodeMCU microcontroller was used as a transfer medium for transfer data to internet. The Android Studio software was used for mobile application development. While, Arduino software was used to create a programming code to upload in NodeMCU microcontroller.
New High Strength Water Retaining Interlocking Pavers Block for High Mechanical Performing Pavement and Reducing Runoff
Authors: Abdullah M A H , Rashid N A , Abdul Rani A L , Omar M F 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Interlocking paver blocks are used widely at low speed traffics road especially surrounding building complexes. Interlocking paver blocks are easy to install and provide aesthetic finishing to the landscape. However, usage of interlocking blocks in large areas reduce ground permeability that lead to higher runoff. New interlocking paver blocks were investigated to reduce runoff and the effect on its mechanical performance. Two types of paver block produced which is paver block with permeable concrete and paver block with void in the center. The results show that the compressive strength for paver block with permeable concrete is averagely higher than paver block with void by 31.5% while the flexural strength of all samples were between 1.0 to 1.7 MPa. Paver block with void recorded highest reduction of runoff compared to paver block with permeable concrete which is 25.5%. This is in line with water infiltration test result. It was concluded that the water retaining performance of paver block increase with increment of void volume and increase in void volume caused reduction on compressive strength of interlocking blocks.
Manufacturing of cast in situ ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (uhpfrc) - Workability, Tensile and Compressive Strength
Authors: Mohd Zahid M. Z. A. , Abu Bakar B. H. , Mohamed Nazri F. , Ayob A. , Abdul Razak R. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to share on the manufacturing process of Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) without heat curing or steam curing, hence, it makes UHPFRC possible to be used for in situ application. The common materials used in numerous previous studies were used in this work to produce UHPFRC: Cement type CEM I, fine sand, silica fume, water and third generation high range water reducer. Three tests were conducted, i.e. Compression test and slump flow test and tensile test. The targeted slump flow is in the range of 600 mm to 750 mm, minimum targeted compressive strength and tensile strength test is 115 MPa and 10 MPa, respectively. In addition, the UHPFRC must exhibit strain hardening properties. As a result, this study proposes the mix proportion of the above mentioned material used to produce UHPFRC which is suitable to be utilized for in situ application.
Mechanical and physical properties of bottom ash/fly ash geopolymer for pavement brick application
Authors: Wan Ibrahim Wan Mastura , Bakri Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al , Ahmad Romisuhani , Mohd Tahir Muhammad Faheem , Mohd Mortar Nurul Aida , Noor Azli Muhammad Amirul Aziem 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Geopolymers are amorphous to semi-crystalline with excellent physical and and mechanical properties. It has been used to become a potential binder to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in certain applications due to its lower emission of carbon dioxide gases and low energy consumption sustainability criteria. Bottom Ash (BA) is one of the main industrial by-products and it is produced at the bottom of the furnace during the coal combustion process in electricity generation. The application of BA as a sustainable construction material in the building industry plays an important role in order to decrease the volume of residual waste and conserving existing natural fine aggregates. The objectives for this study is to study the effect of fly ash to bottom ash ratio and to determine the optimum ratio of fly ash to bottom ash geopolymer for pavement brick application. The chemical composition and morphology of geopolymer reinforcement was analysed by using X-ray Fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscope. The molarity of the Sodium Hydroxide solution is fixed at 12M. The parameter used in this study are different weight percentage of fly ash geopolymer 0 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt% and 40 wt%. The solid to liquid ratios for this study is 2.0. The curing temperature of this study is 80°C and the curing time is 24 hours. 100% of bottom ash geopolymer is used as a control variable for this study.
Production of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Co-Precipitation method with Optimization Studies of Processing Temperature, pH and Stirring Rate
Authors: Hui Beh Hui , Salimi Midhat Nabil 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Iron Oxide Nanoparticle, maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) has received great interest and extensively used in biomedical field. Optimization studies were carried out in the production of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles by using co-precipitation method. Iron (II) chloride and iron (III) chloride were used as precursors which are dissolved in distilled water followed by centrifugation, drying and grinding process in order to obtain dried dark brown precipitated γ-Fe2O3 powder. The effect of different processing temperature (30 to 70°C), pH (10 to 12) and stirring rate (300 to 700rpm) towards crystallite size of γ-Fe2O3 were investigated by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD). Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA), the determination coefficient, R2 obtained was 0.9890 where stirring rate was the parameter that affected the most on the crystallite size. Optimization processing condition that produce smallest crystallite size of 7.3657 nm was 50 °C, pH 11.40 and 550 rpm by using Design of Expert software (DOE). Characterization of γ-Fe2O3 powder samples were evaluated by using different analytical tools such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Iron oxide group (Fe-O), hydroxyl (OH-) group and carbon dioxide (CO2) were identified in FTIR spectrum. The characteristic peak occurring at 2θ = 35.4° indicated presence of γ-Fe2O3 in the samples. The γ-Fe2O3 particles appeared generally in spherical shape in SEM analysis.
Influence different amount of cellulose on the mechanical strength of dental acrylic resin
Authors: Taczała Joanna , Fu Chang , Sawicki Jacek , Pietrasik Joanna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe mechanical strength of PMMA is not sufficient when a patient applies high mastication force to the denture base plate. Many fillers to reinforce PMMA was used. However, cellulose incorporated into dental acrylic resin has never been reported. In this work, two types of modified cellulose were incorporated in the heat-cured acrylic resin, and the flexural strength was investigated. The conclusion is that the addition of properly modified cellulose could have good influence on the flexural strength of dental acrylic resin. The addition of cellulose modified by 3-Methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane has increased average flexural strength and the standard deviation was satisfactory. However, Triethoxy(octyl)silane may not appropriate to achieve the intended purpose, or the modification of the cellulose by this silane itself must still be subjected to further testing. The ability to form new chemical chains between the cellulose and acrylic surfaces had a greater impact on the strength of acrylic than facilitated even distribution of cellulose.
The influence of grinding wheel type on microhardness and residual stresses in vacuum-carburised 20MnCr5 steel using the single-piece flow method
Authors: Zgórniak P , Wołowiec-Korecka E , Januszewicz B , Sikora M , Rosik R 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of the experiment described in the paper was to determine the effect of selected conditions of abrasive machining on the size and distribution of microhardness and residual stresses developed in the technological surface layer of flat specimens made of 20MnCr5 steel. The specimens were subjected to single-piece flow low-pressure carburising (LPC) and high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) in a 4D Quenching chamber in order to achieve an effective case depth of ECD=0.4 mm. This was followed by grinding the specimens with Quantum and Vortex alumina grinding wheels. Cooling and lubricating fluid were supplied to the grinding zone using the flood (WET) method. The samples were ground in one pass of the grinding wheel using one grinding depth (ae = 0.01 mm). The measurements for each specimen were made twice - after the thermo-chemical treatment and after the grinding. Microhardness and residual stress were measured using the X-ray method sin2Ψ. The final part of the article provides an analysis of the measurement results and presents conclusions and recommendations for further studies.
The influence of grinding conditions on surface roughness parameters of 20MnCr5 steel vacuum-carburised by single-piece flow method
Authors: Sikora M , Zgórniak P , Wołowiec-Korecka E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the experimental tests described in the article was to determine the effect of selected abrasive machining conditions on the value of surface roughness of 20MnCr5 steel samples. The samples were subjected to vacuum carburising (LPC) using the ‘single-piece flow’ method and high-pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) in a 4D Quenching chamber to obtain an effective case depth (ECD) of 0.4 mm. Next, the samples were ground with a Norton Vortex corundum grinding wheel. Cooling and lubricating fluid was delivered to the grinding zone using the flooding method (WET) and with the minimum quantity lubrication method (MQL). The samples were ground in one pass of the grinding wheel using two grinding depths – ae = 0.01 mm and ae = 0.02 mm. For each grinding test, surface roughness measurements were made using a stationary laboratory profilometer T8000 from Hommel Werke. These measurements enabled the determination of the 2D and 3D roughness parameters. Analysis of the measurement results showed that for the adopted test conditions, the use of the MQL method resulted in a decrease in surface roughness compared to the surface ground using the WET method. This property applies to both tested grinding depths.
Frictional behaviour of TiN coatings grown by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Grodzicki Wojciech , Kolodziejczyk Lukasz 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The main idea of the presented work is the evaluation of frictional properties of the TiN coatings deposited by atomic layer deposition technology using atomic force microscopy approach. Ogletree method was employed in order to calibrate the lateral force and estimate the average friction coefficient of TiN coatings. Obtained titanium nitride coatings were also characterized in terms of morphology, surface topography and mechanical properties. The evaluation has been done with reference to the commercially available TiN produced by commonly known magnetron sputtering method.
Design, Construction and Testing of Portable Systems for Temperature, Humidity and Ammonia Monitoring of Chicken Coop
Authors: Supriyono H , Bimantoro U , Harismah K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The air and environment quality have big impact for chicken health. The most dominant component polluting environment of chicken coop is ammonia which is produced by chicken manure. Other environment components that affect chicken health are including temperature and humidity of the air. The problem faced by chicken farmer is that the decreasing of chicken health which leads to the death caused by the bad air and environment condition. These environment variables were usually predicted by the farmer manually. The objective of the publication is to monitor the ammonia, temperature and humidity electronically by using computer-based systems for a chicken coop. The developed systems used DHT 22 sensor as a temperature detector and MQ-135 sensor as ammonia gas detector. The systems also able to control the fan and lamps to maintain temperature and humidity of the chicken coop stable. Data from the sensors then were processed by NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller and then was displayed on 20x4 LCD. Afterward, the data was sent to the Android smartphone by using social networking platform Telegram for distance notification systems. Testing results showed that the developed system works well.
DC Power Supply using Digital Potentiometer on Switching Regulator Module Monitored and Controlled via NI LabView
Authors: Nugraha F , Priramadhi R A , Ramdhani M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Smart Controlled Adjustable Power Supply is an automated power supply device in which the Voltage output from the device can be controlled using Digital Potentiometer as a voltage feedback manipulator and can be monitored using PC. Voltage and output current can be controlled in accordance with the specifications of the desired voltage 0-30V DC with 0.01 V resolution. This Study will show how Digital POT can change the output voltage of the LM2576 Module and show the correlation between the BIT number of POT and the Voltage output. Afterward, the device will be controlled and monitored via NI LabView so it can easily be accessed by everyone and can compete in industry 4.0 due to its accessibility. There will be some test runs to prove the designed device is working properly and match the desired spesifications.
Solar Cell Output Optimization using Light Convergence Method
Authors: Aprillia Bandiyah Sri , Ekaputri Cahyantari , Zul Fahmi Muhammad Rafiqy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLight intensity is one of the many factors that can influence the power output of a solar cell. In this research, light convergence method is performed by using a Fresnel lens to increase the light intensity that are passes through the solar cells. 2 solar cells are used for this research. One of them is paired with a Fresnel lens positioned perpendicularly at a distance of 5cm. The output from both solar cells are then compared. The solar cell paired with the Fresnel lens contains a higher power output by up to 40.29% at 13.10 o’clock in the afternoon compared to a normal solar cell. However therein lies a decrease in power output at 10.00 – 10.30 o’clock and 13.30 – 14.00 o’clock by up to -30.65% because shadows from the Fresnel lens relative to the sun’s position affects the light intensity a solar cell receives. Results from 3 days’ worth of tests shows that at 10.00 – 14.00 o’clock, the solar cell paired with a Fresnel lens retain a higher average power output of around 6.08% compared to a solar cell without one.