bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum electrolyte dynamics in multiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Anandan Apoorva , Kolk Merle , Ferrari Nicole , Copley Melissa , Driscoll James , Caimi Paolo , Rashidi Arash , de Lima Marcos , Malek Ehsan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimHigh‐dose melphalan followed by autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation remains the standard‐of‐care therapy for multiple myeloma (MM). Gastrointestinal toxicity concomitant with electrolyte derangement is a primary cause of morbidity from transplant. Here, we assessed the dynamics of electrolyte imbalances and its role in hematologic counts and engraftment. Ω Patients and MethodsOne hundred and eighteen MM patients that received transplant were studied.ResultsEngraftment speed (ES) was calculated as the period between the first rise in the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and full engraftment defined as the first of three consecutive days with ANC > 500 × 106/L. The defined median ES was 2 days (range 0‐5 days) and 40 patients had ES ≤2 days. Engraftment occurred at a median of 10 days. The median time‐to‐nadir for phosphorus and potassium was 10 and 4.28 days, respectively. The drop in phosphorus and potassium serum level was statistically greater in patients with an ES ≤2 days compared to patients with ES ≥2 days. Magnesium level were not significantly affected and there was no significant difference between the drop in serum phosphorus and potassium based on severity of nausea or oral mucositis.ConclusionOur results indicate that there is a significant correlation between the magnitude of drop in potassium and phosphorous levels and a steep rise in neutrophil counts around the engraftment period following stem cell transplant. These events indicate a “genesis syndrome” characterized by a rapid, massive transfer of electrolytes into proliferating cells as has been previously described after HCT for certain high‐grade lymphomas and leukemias.
Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with iron deficiency chlorosis resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Pattanashetti Santosh K. , Pandey Manish K. , Naidu Gopalakrishna K. , Vishwakarma Manish K. , Singh Omprakash Kumar , Shasidhar Yaduru , Boodi Ishwar H. , Biradar Basavaraj D. , Das Roma Rani , Rathore Abhishek , Varshney Rajeev K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIron deficiency chlorosis is an important abiotic stress affecting groundnut production worldwide in calcareous and alkaline soils with a pH of 7.5–8.5. To identify genomic regions controlling iron deficiency chlorosis resistance in groundnut, the recombinant inbred line population from the cross TAG 24 × ICGV 86031 was evaluated for associated traits like visual chlorosis rating and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading across three crop growth stages for two consecutive years. Thirty‐two QTLs were identified for visual chlorosis rating (3.9%–31.8% phenotypic variance explained [PVE]) and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading [3.8%–11% PVE] across three stages over 2 years. This is the first report of identification of QTLs for iron deficiency chlorosis resistance‐associated traits in groundnut. Three major QTLs (>10% PVE) were identified at severe stage, while majority of other QTLs were having small effects. Interestingly, two major QTLs for visual chlorosis rating at 60 days (2013) and 90 days (2014) were located at same position on LG AhXIII. The identified QTLs/markers after validation across diverse genetic material could be used in genomics‐assisted breeding.
Two‐day assertive‐case‐management educational program for medical personnel to prevent suicide attempts: A multicenter pre–post observational study
Authors: Kawashima Yoshitaka , Yonemoto Naohiro , Kawanishi Chiaki , Otsuka Kotaro , Mimura Masaru , Otaka Yasushi , Okamura Kazuya , Kinoshita Toshihiko , Shirakawa Osamu , Yoshimura Reiji , Eto Nobuaki , Hashimoto Satoshi , Tachikawa Hirokazu , Furuno Taku , Sugimoto Tatsuya , Ikeshita Katsumi , Inagaki Masatoshi , Yamada Mitsuhiko 
Published: March 2020

AimSuicide attempters have a high risk of repeated suicide attempts and completed suicide. There is evidence that assertive case management can reduce the incidence of recurrent suicidal behavior among suicide attempters. This study evaluated the effect of an assertive‐case‐management training program.MethodsThis multicenter, before‐and‐after study was conducted at 10 centers in Japan. Participants were 274 medical personnel. We used Japanese versions of the Attitudes to Suicide Prevention Scale, the Gatekeeper Self‐Efficacy Scale, the Suicide Intervention Response Inventory (SIRI), and the Attitudes Toward Suicide Questionnaire. We evaluated the effects with one‐sample t‐tests, and examined prognosis factors with multivariable analysis.ResultsThere were significant improvements between pre‐training and post‐training in the Attitudes to Suicide Prevention Scale (mean: −3.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.57 to −2.57, P < 0.001), the Gatekeeper Self‐Efficacy Scale (mean: 10.40, 95%CI: 9.48 to 11.32, P < 0.001), SIRI‐1 (appropriate responses; mean: 1.15, 95%CI: 0.89 to 1.42, P < 0.001), and SIRI‐2 (different to the expert responses; mean: −4.78, 95%CI: −6.18 to −3.38, P < 0.001). Significant improvements were found on all Attitudes Toward Suicide Questionnaire subscale scores, except Unjustified Behavior. The effect of training was influenced by experience of suicide‐prevention training and experience of working with suicidal patients.ConclusionThe training program (which was developed to implement and disseminate evidence‐based suicide‐prevention measures) improved attitudes, self‐efficacy, and skills for suicide prevention among medical personnel. Specialized suicide‐prevention training and experience with suicidal patients are valuable for enhancing positive attitudes and self‐efficacy; furthermore, age and clinical experience alone are insufficient for these purposes.
Effect of adding azithromycin to the antimalarials used for seasonal malaria chemoprevention on the nutritional status of African children
Authors: Gore‐Langton Georgia R. , Cairns Matthew , Compaoré Yves Daniel , Sagara Issaka , Kuepfer Irene , Zongo Issaka , de Wit Mariken M. , Barry Amadou , Diarra Modibo , Tapily Amadou , Coumare Samba , Thera Ismail , Nikiema Frederic , Yerbanga R. Serge , Guissou Rosemonde M. , Tinto Halidou , Dicko Alassane , Chandramohan Daniel , Greenwood Brian , Ouedraogo Jean Bosco 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesMass administration of azithromycin has reduced mortality in children in sub‐Saharan Africa but its mode of action is not well characterised. A recent trial found that azithromycin given alongside seasonal malaria chemoprevention was not associated with a reduction in mortality or hospital admissions in young children. We investigated the effect of azithromycin on the nutritional status of children enrolled in this study.MethodsA total of 19 578 children in Burkina Faso and Mali were randomised to receive either azithromycin or placebo alongside seasonal malaria chemoprevention with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine monthly for three malaria transmission seasons (2014–2016). After each transmission season, anthropometric measurements were collected from approximately 4000 randomly selected children (2000 per country) at a cross‐sectional survey and used to derive nutritional status indicators. Binary and continuous outcomes between treatment arms were compared by Poisson and linear regression.ResultsNutritional status among children was poor in both countries with evidence of acute and chronic malnutrition (24.9–33.3% stunted, 15.8–32.0% underweight, 7.2–26.4% wasted). There was a suggestion of improvement in nutritional status in Burkina Faso and deterioration in Mali over the study period. At the end of each malaria transmission season, nutritional status of children did not differ between treatment arms (seasonal malaria chemoprevention plus azithromycin or placebo) in either the intention‐to‐treat or per‐protocol analyses (only children with at least three cycles of SMC in the current intervention year).ConclusionsThe addition of azithromycin to seasonal malaria chemoprevention did not result in an improvement of nutritional outcomes in children in Burkina Faso and Mali.
Survival in the Tropics despite isolation, inbreeding and asexual reproduction: insights from the genome of the world’s southernmost poplar (Populus ilicifolia)
Authors: Chen Zeyuan , Ai Fandi , Zhang Junlin , Ma Xinzhi , Yang Wenlu , Wang Weiwei , Su Yutao , Wang Mingcheng , Yang Yongzhi , Mao Kangshan , Wang Qingfeng , Lascoux Martin , Liu Jianquan , Ma Tao 
Published: March 2020

SUMMARYSpecies are becoming extinct at unprecedented rates as a consequence of human activity. Hence it is important to understand the evolutionary dynamics of species with already small population sizes. Populus ilicifolia is a vulnerable poplar species that is isolated from other poplar species and is uniquely adapted to the Tropics. It has a very limited size, reproduces partly clonally and is therefore an excellent case study for conservation genomics. We present here the first annotated draft genome of P. ilicifolia, characterize genome‐wide patterns of polymorphisms and compare those to other poplar species with larger natural ranges. P. ilicifolia experienced a more prolonged and severe decline of effective population size (Ne) and signs of genetic erosion than any other poplar species with which it was compared. At present, the species has the lowest genome‐wide genetic diversity, the highest abundance of long runs of homozygosity, high inbreeding levels as well as a high overall accumulation of deleterious variants. However, more effective purging of severely deleterious variants and adaptation to the Tropics may have contributed to its survival. Hence, in spite of its limited genetic variation, it is certainly worth pursuing the conservation efforts of this unique species.
Group O plasma as a media supplement for CAR‐T cells and other adoptive T‐cell therapies
Authors: Nelson Randin C. , Fellowes Vicki , Jin Ping , Liu Hui , Highfill Steven L. , Ren Jiaqiang , Szymanski James , Flegel Willy A. , Stroncek David F. 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUNDMost chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cells and other adoptive T‐cell therapies (ACTs) are currently manufactured by ex vivo expansion of patient lymphocytes in culture media supplemented with human plasma from group AB donors. As lymphocytes do not express A or B antigens, the isoagglutinins of non‐AB plasmas are unlikely to cause deleterious effects on lymphocytes in culture.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSSeeding cultures with peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) concentrates from group A1 donors and using a CAR‐T culture protocol, parallel cultures were performed, each with unique donor plasmas as media supplements (including group O plasmas with high‐titer anti‐A and group AB plasmas as control). An additional variable, a 3% group A1 red blood cell (RBC) spike, was added to simulate a RBC‐contaminated PBMNC collection. Cultures were monitored by cell count, viability, flow cytometric phenotype, gene expression analysis, and supernatant chemokine analysis.RESULTSThere was no difference in lymphocyte expansion or phenotype when cultured with AB plasma or O plasma with high‐titer anti‐A. Compared to controls, the presence of contaminating RBCs in lymphocyte culture led to poor lymphocyte expansion and a less desirable phenotype—irrespective of the isoagglutinin titer of the plasma supplement used.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that ABO incompatible plasma may be used as a media supplement when culturing cell types that do not express ABO antigens—such as lymphocytes for CAR‐T or other ACT. The presence of contaminating RBCs in culture was disadvantageous independent of isoagglutinin titer.
Financial literacy and support for free trade in the UK
Authors: Magistro Beatrice 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecent events in Europe and the United States suggest that open economies are increasingly under stress as nationalist, protectionist and populist political entrepreneurs are gaining significant ground across the Western world. Many theories have been formulated as to which factors are more likely to explain such policy preferences. The hypothesis tested in this paper is that financial literacy affects economic policy preferences. I analyse data from the British Election Study and test my theory on support for free trade in the United Kingdom. Findings suggest that financial literacy does affect economic policy preferences. On average, financially literate individuals are more likely to think that free trade is good for the British economy. Furthermore, this is true regardless of economic self‐interest, as both financially literate winners and losers from globalisation are more likely to support free trade than their illiterate counterparts.
Median manubriotomy for ventral access to the caudal cervical and cranial thoracic spine
Authors: Mateo Isidro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe median manubriotomy to access the ventral aspect of the caudal cervical and cranial thoracic spine and report the outcomes in dogs with lesions affecting the spinal cord at C6‐T2 vertebral bodies. To evaluate possible complications of this technique and clinical outcomes.Study designCadaveric study and short case series.Study populationTwo cadavers and nine dogs with lesions affecting the spinal cord at C6, C7, T1 or T2 vertebral bodies or corresponding intervertebral spaces.MethodsTwo cadavers were used for demonstration purposes. Medical records (2013‐2019) were reviewed for dogs undergoing median manubriotomy to facilitate access to the ventral aspect of C6‐T2 vertebral bodies and/or corresponding intervertebral disc spaces. Data on preoperative and postoperative neurological status and diagnostic imaging, surgical technique, and complications were retrieved.ResultsIndications for surgery included C7‐T1 disc extrusions in five dogs, caudal cervical misalignment in three dogs, and C7‐T1 and T1‐T2 disc protrusions in one dog. The vertebral bodies of C6 to T2 were consistently visualized after median manubriotomy. Preoperative clinical signs resolved in five dogs and improved in two dogs. One dog was euthanized for lack of improvement, and one dog died of pulmonary thromboembolism.ConclusionMedian manubriotomy improved the surgical access to the ventral aspect of caudal cervical and cranial thoracic spine without related complications.Clinical significanceMedian manubriotomy can be considered in dogs undergoing ventral decompression and/or stabilization of C7‐T1 and T1‐T2 intervertebral disc spaces.
Characterization of Atmospheric Radiological Dispersion Alongside Risky Location Designation and Shelter House Proposition Around the Planned Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Fairuz Afrida , Sahadath Md. Hossain 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The prevailing meteorological conditions around the site of the proposed Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant have been studied vigorously. The in-depth perusal has revealed the existence of three seasons—summer, rainy, and winter with stability classes A, B, and A, respectively, during the day and F during the night. The eventual wind speed and direction of the seasons have been observed. Subsequent locations along the dispersion directions have been identified using googleearthpro, which includes highways, educational institution, medical centers, commercial area, etc. Dose contours corresponding to a source term equivalent to Fukushima accident have been created to verify the dispersion direction and perceive the plume arrival time in the designated locations using health physics code HotSpot. Strong dependency of plume arrival time on the stability classes has been observed, and lowest values are found for F stability class. Finally, some shelter houses are proposed to accommodate endangered inhabitants during emergency.
Ignition Delay in Dual Fuel Engines: An Extended Correlation for Gaseous Fuels
Authors: Bilcan A. , Tazerout M. , Le Corre O. , Ramesh A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Agricultural & municipal waste and wood residues can be easily converted to biogas or producer gas and used for producing heat and power. The main problem with these fuels is their low energy content. This is due to the presence of certain non-combustible gases like CO2 and N2 in these fuels. The use of these gases in SI engines is associated with problems like unstable operation and high levels of HC and CO emissions. Gaseous fuel can be easily used with good efficiencies and low emissions in diesel engines running in the dual-fuel mode. In dual-fuel engines, these gaseous fuels are inducted along with air and ignited after compression by a small spray of diesel called the pilot.
The presence of these gases alters the thermodynamic properties of the intake charge and significantly influence the ignition delay of the pilot diesel fuel and hence the performance of the engine.
The aim of this paper is to modify an existing correlation for ignition delay in a dual-fuel engine to incorporate the effects of the gaseous fuel concentration and composition on the polytropic index. An ignition delay correlation of a biogas dual-fuel engine was modified so that it can be used with any primary fuel. The polytropic index was assumed to be a function of the ratio of specific heats. Further, the effect of injection timing on ignition delay was included. The adapted model was introduced in a simulation program and the results of ignition delay were compared with those given in the literature for a dual-fuel engine. In addition, the correlation was used to predict the ignition delay of the pilot fuel when biogas, LPG, natural gas and producer gas were treated as primary fuels. The results obtained with the new correlation have been compared with experimental values from a LPG-diesel dual fuel engine. The comparison was also made for a biogas dual fuel engine. Errors less than 10% were obtained for both of the fuels between the experimental measurements and simulation results.
Pollution Studies on Gasoline Engine With Electrically Heated Catalyst
Authors: Sendilvelan S. , Jeyachandran K. , Bhaskar K. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The environmental pollution is one of the major strategic factors for decision-makers both in industry as well as in government. It has been established beyond doubt that the tailpipe emission shows significant effect on environment. It is clear that the vehicles form the predominant source of regulated and unregulated pollution. The environmental degradation all over the world has led to research, which resulted in the development of low emission vehicle and ultra low emission vehicle. In this work, performance of Low Mass Electrically Heated Metal Catalyst (LMEHMC) on the emission from SI engine has been experimentally investigated. Behaviors of chromium and copper oxides under various conditions were studied. It is found that the HC and CO emissions were reduced considerably when LMEHMC used with existing catalytic converter.
Modeling the Initial Growth of the Plasma and Flame Kernel in S.I. Engines
Authors: Willems Hilde , Sierens Roger 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The initial size and growth of the plasma and flame kernel just after spark discharge in S.I. engines determines if the flame becomes self-sustainable or extinguishes. On the other hand the development of the kernel during the initial phases has non-negligible influences on the further combustion. For example cyclic variations often find their origin in the beginning of combustion and determine the working limits of the engine and the driving behavior of the vehicle. These factors demonstrate the crucial importance of the knowledge of the initial growth of the plasma and flame kernel in S.I. engines.
A complete model is developed for the growth of the initial plasma and flame kernel in S.I. engines, which takes into account the fundamental properties of the ignition system (electrical energy and power, geometry of the spark plug, heat losses to the electrodes and the cylinder wall), the combustible mixture (pressure, temperature, equivalence ratio, fraction of residual gasses, kind of fuel) and the flow (average flow velocity, turbulence intensity, stretch, characteristic time and length scales).
The proposed model distinguishes three phases: the prebreakdown, the plasma and the initial combustion phase. The model of the first two phases is proposed in a previous article of the same authors (Willems and Sierens, 1999), the latter is exposed in this article. A thermodynamic model based on flamelet models and which takes stretch into account, is used to describe the initial combustion phase. The difference between heat losses to the electrodes and the cylinder wall is considered. The burning velocity varies from the order of the laminar velocity to the fully developed burning velocity. The evolution is determined as well by the life time as by the size of the kernel. The stretch (caused by turbulence and by the growth of the kernel), the non-adiabatic character of the flame and instabilities have influence on the laminar burning velocity.
Validation of this model is done using measurements of the expansion in a propane-air mixture executed by Pischinger at M.I.T. The correspondence seems to be very well.
Effects of Tumble and Swirl Flows on the Turbulence Scale Near the TDC in a 4-Valve S.I. Engine
Authors: Lee Ki Hyung , Lee Chang Sik , Park Hyun Jong , Kim Dae Sik 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It has known that the in-cylinder flow field has a significant effect on the engine combustion. Especially, the turbulence scale at the ignition toning plays an important role in enhancing propagation speed of initial flame. Thus, in this study, various flow fields such as tumble and swirl flows were generated by intake flow control valves. The effects of tumble and swirl flows on the turbulence scale were experimentally investigated in a 4-valve S.I. engine.
For the investigation of the flow field, the single frame PTV and the two color PIV techniques were developed to clarify in-cylinder flow pattern during intake stroke and turbulence intensity near the spark plug during compression stroke, respectively. The flame propagation was visualized by an ICCD camera and its images were analyzed to compare the flow field.
Relative Torsional Vibration Analysis for Crankshaft
Authors: Kimura Jouji , Shibata Satoshi , Ebe Atsushi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Crankshaft torsional vibration characteristics have been studied, more often based on the results of measurement at a pulley, rather than in relation to a pulley. The results of the measurement at a pulley, however, include crankshaft torsion assuming that a crankshaft is elastic, as well as rotational speed changes due to cylinder pressure fluctuation assuming that a crankshaft is rigid. The authors recommend that relative torsional amplitude should be used in evaluating torsional vibration characteristics, rather than torsional amplitude at a pulley.
Erratum: “Surface Bonding Graphene-Based Elastomeric Sensor: Preliminary Characterization of Adhesion Strength” [ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, Louisville, Kentucky, USA, September 9–11, 2019, Conference Sponsors: Aerospace Division, ISBN: 978-0-7918-5913-1, Copyright © 2019 by ASME. Paper No. SMASIS2019-5578, pp. V001T01A002; 7 pages; doi: 10.1115/SMASIS2019-5578]
Authors: Ameduri Salvatore , Ciminello Monica 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This erratum corrects errors that appeared in the paper “Surface Bonding Graphene-Based Elastomeric Sensor: Preliminary Characterization of Adhesion Strength” which was published in Proceedings of the ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems, (V001T01A002), September 2019, SMASIS2019-5578, doi: 10.1115/SMASIS2019-5578.