bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heaviness-brightness correspondence and stimulus-response compatibility
Authors: Walker Peter , Scallon Gabrielle , Francis Brian J 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCross-sensory correspondences can reflect crosstalk between aligned conceptual feature dimensions, though uncertainty remains regarding the identities of all the dimensions involved. It is unclear, for example, if heaviness contributes to correspondences separately from size. Taking steps to dissociate variations in heaviness from variations in size, the question was asked if a heaviness-brightness correspondence will induce a congruity effect during the speeded brightness classification of simple visual stimuli. Participants classified the stimuli according to whether they were brighter or darker than the mid-gray background against which they appeared. They registered their speeded decisions by manipulating (e.g., tapping) the object they were holding in either their left or right hand (e.g., left for bright, right for dark). With these two otherwise identical objects contrasting in their weight, stimuli were classified more quickly when the relative heaviness of the object needing to be manipulated corresponded with the brightness of the stimulus being classified (e.g., the heavier object for a darker stimulus). This novel congruity effect, in the guise of a stimulus-response (S-R) compatibility effect, was induced when heaviness was isolated as an enduring feature of the object needing to be manipulated. It was also undiminished when participants completed a concurrent verbal memory load task, countering claims that the heaviness-brightness correspondence is verbally mediated. Heaviness, alongside size, appears to contribute to cross-sensory correspondences in its own right and in a manner confirming the far-reaching influence of correspondences, extending here to the fluency with which people communicate simple ideas by manipulating a hand-held object.
Roll tilt self-motion direction discrimination training: First evidence for perceptual learning
Authors: Klaus Manuel P. , Schöne C. G. , Hartmann M. , Merfeld D. M. , Schubert M. C. , Mast F. W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPerceptual learning, the ability to improve the sensitivity of sensory perception through training, has been shown to exist in all sensory systems but the vestibular system. A previous study found no improvement of passive self-motion thresholds in the dark after intense direction discrimination training of either yaw rotations (stimulating semicircular canals) or y-translation (stimulating otoliths). The goal of the present study was to investigate whether perceptual learning of self-motion in the dark would occur when there is a simultaneous otolith and semicircular canal input, as is the case with roll tilt motion stimuli. Blindfolded subjects (n = 10) trained on a direction discrimination task with 0.2-Hz roll tilt motion stimuli (9 h of training, 1,800 trials). Before and after training, motion thresholds were measured in the dark for the trained motion and for three transfer conditions. We found that roll tilt sensitivity in the 0.2-Hz roll tilt condition was increased (i.e., thresholds decreased) after training but not for controls who were not exposed to training. This is the first demonstration of perceptual learning of passive self-motion direction discrimination in the dark. The results have potential therapeutic relevance as 0.2-Hz roll thresholds have been associated with poor performance on a clinical balance test that has been linked to more than a fivefold increase in falls.
The impact of slippage on the data quality of head-worn eye trackers
Authors: Niehorster Diederick C. , Santini Thiago , Hessels Roy S. , Hooge Ignace T. C. , Kasneci Enkelejda , Nyström Marcus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMobile head-worn eye trackers allow researchers to record eye-movement data as participants freely move around and interact with their surroundings. However, participant behavior may cause the eye tracker to slip on the participant’s head, potentially strongly affecting data quality. To investigate how this eye-tracker slippage affects data quality, we designed experiments in which participants mimic behaviors that can cause a mobile eye tracker to move. Specifically, we investigated data quality when participants speak, make facial expressions, and move the eye tracker. Four head-worn eye-tracking setups were used: (i) Tobii Pro Glasses 2 in 50 Hz mode, (ii) SMI Eye Tracking Glasses 2.0 60 Hz, (iii) Pupil-Labs’ Pupil in 3D mode, and (iv) Pupil-Labs’ Pupil with the Grip gaze estimation algorithm as implemented in the EyeRecToo software. Our results show that whereas gaze estimates of the Tobii and Grip remained stable when the eye tracker moved, the other systems exhibited significant errors (0.8–3.1∘increase in gaze deviation over baseline) even for the small amounts of glasses movement that occurred during the speech and facial expressions tasks. We conclude that some of the tested eye-tracking setups may not be suitable for investigating gaze behavior when high accuracy is required, such as during face-to-face interaction scenarios. We recommend that users of mobile head-worn eye trackers perform similar tests with their setups to become aware of its characteristics. This will enable researchers to design experiments that are robust to the limitations of their particular eye-tracking setup.
First Resolved Scattered-light Images of Four Debris Disks in Scorpius-Centaurus with the Gemini Planet Imager
Authors: Hom Justin , Patience Jennifer , Esposito Thomas M. , Duchêne Gaspard , Worthen Kadin , Kalas Paul , Jang-Condell Hannah , Saboi Kezman , Arriaga Pauline , Mazoyer Johan , Wolff Schuyler , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Perrin Marshall D. , Chen Christine H. , Macintosh Bruce , Matthews Brenda C. , Wang Jason J. , Graham James R. , Marchis Franck , Ammons S. Mark , Bailey Vanessa P. , Barman Travis , Bulger Joanna , Chilcote Jeffrey K. , Cotten Tara , De Rosa Robert J. , Doyon René , Follette Katherine B. , Goodsell Steven , Greenbaum Alexandra Z. , Hibon Pascale , Ingraham Patrick , Konopacky Quinn , Larkin James E. , Maire Jerome , Marley Mark S. , Marois Christian , Matthews Elisabeth , Metchev Stanimir , Nielsen Eric L. , Oppenheimer Rebecca , Palmer David , Poyneer Lisa A. , Pueyo Laurent , Rajan Abhijith , Rameau Julien , Rantakyrö Fredrik T. , Ren Bin , Savransky Dmitry , Schneider Adam , Sivaramakrishnan Anand , Song Inseok , Soummer Rémi , Tallis Melisa , Thomas Sandrine , Wallace J. Kent , Ward-Duong Kimberly , Wiktorowicz Sloane J. , Zuckerman Ben 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present the first spatially resolved scattered-light images of four debris disks around members of the Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen) OB association with high-contrast imaging and polarimetry using the Gemini Planet Imager (GPI). All four disks are resolved for the first time in polarized light, and one disk is also detected in total intensity. The three disks imaged around HD 111161, HD 143675, and HD 145560 are symmetric in both morphology and brightness distribution. The three systems span a range of inclinations and radial extents. The disk imaged around HD 98363 shows indications of asymmetries in morphology and brightness distribution, with some structural similarities to the HD 106906 planet–disk system. Uniquely, HD 98363 has a wide comoving stellar companion, Wray 15-788, with a recently resolved disk with very different morphological properties. HD 98363 A/B is the first binary debris disk system with two spatially resolved disks. All four targets have been observed with ALMA, and their continuum fluxes range from one nondetection to one of the brightest disks in the region. With the new results, a total of 15 A/F stars in Sco-Cen have resolved scattered-light debris disks, and approximately half of these systems exhibit some form of asymmetry. Combining the GPI disk structure results with information from the literature on millimeter fluxes and imaged planets reveals a diversity of disk properties in this young population. Overall, the four newly resolved disks contribute to the census of disk structures measured around A/F stars at this important stage in the development of planetary systems.
A National Survey of Educational and Training Preferences and Practices for Public Health Nurses in Canada
Authors: Sibbald Shannon , Jegatheeswaran Jathuson , Pocock Hayley , Penney Greg 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The effective mix of public health professionals has been the focus of recent policies and literature. Information is limited on the preferences for training and continuing education of the Canadian Public Health Workforce. This information could assist in surge capacity efforts and help in evaluating the success of workforce development strategies and recruitment/retention efforts.

Method:
The Canadian Public Health Workforce Survey was conducted in 2015 by the Canadian Public Health Association in collaboration with the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC). The survey was conducted to inform an ongoing evaluation of the PHAC's workforce development. This article reports on a subset of the survey: public health nurses (PHNs).

Results:
The response rate to the survey was approximately 40% (2,075 participants); 470 respondents (22.7%) were PHNs. Challenges faced by PHNs to pursuing continuing education include a lack of targeted training, resources, and coordinated training efforts.

Conclusion:

The results provide insight into potential direction to support the work of PHNs in practice including a need for a coordinated approach to continuing education. Future educational strategies should consider tailored education strategies for PHNs.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2020;51(1):25–31.]
Acute Care Nurses' Arrhythmia Knowledge: Defining Competency
Authors: Keller Kathryn , Eggenberger Terry , Leavitt Mary Ann , Sabatino Denese 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Most methods of evaluating arrhythmia knowledge acquisition are internally developed by nursing professional development practitioners and are institution specific. This approach has resulted in assessing nurses' minimal qualifications for rhythm recognition as defined by the facility but does not result in describing basic, intermediate, and advanced competency levels for practice.

Method:
This quantitative study with a convenience sample of 85 acute care nurses refined an instrument to assess varying levels of arrhythmia recognition competency for acute care nurses.

Results:
The final instrument, called the Cardiac Arrhythmia Recognition Tool (CART), consisted of 33 items divided into basic, intermediate, and advanced subscales, with an overall Cronbach's alpha of .84.

Conclusion:

This study significantly contributes to defining arrhythmia competency in nurses caring for electrocardiographically monitored patients.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2020;51(1):39–45.]
Epidemiology of Osteoarthritis
Authors: D'Ambrosia Robert D 
Published: January 2020

abstract
The majority of adults >55 years of age show radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis; however, determining definitive prevalence and incidence rates of knee osteoarthritis and hip osteoarthritis poses methodologic problems. Several factors play a role in osteoarthritis risk, including age, gender, genetics, behavioral influences, and ethnicity. Studies cited compare data from the Framingham Osteoarthritis Study with data from studies performed in Asian and European populations. A number of broad trends stand out, including higher prevalence in advanced age for both hip and knee osteoarthritis, with higher prevalence and incidence in women than in men.
Etiology and Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mandelbaum Bert , Waddell David 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Acute or chronic insult, including normal wear and tear, age, obesity, and joint injury, may initiate an imbalance between matrix synthesis and matrix degradation in healthy cartilage that promotes chondral loss and prevents cartilage self-repair. The structure of healthy cartilage and the pathophysiological mechanisms of its degradation are described, followed by descriptions of endogenous and exogenous factors believed to be involved in the progressive course of osteoarthritis. Studies cited include research from the community of sports medicine.
Sacral Resection and Reconstruction for Tumors and Tumor-Like Conditions
Authors: Randall R Lor , Bruckner James , Lloyd Chris , Pohlman Timothy H , Conrad Ernest U 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Sacrectomy is intended to resect aggressive local and life-threatening disease. Reconstruction can be difficult. This article reports on the use of sacrectomy for tumor and tumor-like conditions. Procedures included 9 partial, 7 subtotal, 7 hemi-, and 4 total sacrectomies. Of 22 patients with primary malignant disease, 64% were alive without evidence of disease. The local recurrence rate was 27%. Thirty-two percent developed metastatic disease and 32% died from progressive disease. The complication rate was 33%. Tumor control was achieved in 73%. Postoperative complications occurred in 33%. Sacral resection remains a challenging operation.
The Effect of Radiofrequency Energy on Nonweight-Bearing Areas of Bone Following Shoulder and Knee Arthroscopy
Authors: Nho Shane J , Freedman Kevin B , Bansal Shanti L , Romeo Anthony A , Bach Bernard R , Bush-Joseph Charles A , Turner David A , Cole Brian J 
Published: January 2020

abstract
This prospective randomized clinical trial evaluated whether the use of radiofrequency energy (RFE) devices for soft-tissue ablation and coagulation cause thermal injury to bone. Fifty patients underwent one of three treatment modalities: electrocautery, monopolar RFE, or bipolar RFE. Preoperative and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging was compared to evaluate for evidence of osteonecrosis. Postoperative MRI of all patients did not reveal any osteonecrosis or subchondral edema. These findings indicate electrocautery, monopolar RFE, and bipolar RFE devices can be used safely for soft-tissue ablation and hemostasis.
The Effect of Drill-Hole Length on the Primary Stability of Osteochondral Grafts in Mosaicplasty
Authors: Kordás Géza , Szabó Jeno S , Hangody László 
Published: January 2020

abstractOsteochondral grafts were transplanted from the trochlea of porcine femurs into drill holes that were 20, 15, and 12 mm in length on the lateral femoral condyle. Grafts initially were pushed in flush with the surrounding cartilage, and then a testing machine pushed the grafts 3 mm deeper. For the 20-, 15-, and 12-mm drill holes, mean forces for pushing the graft flush were 36.58, 43.33, and 118.13 N, respectively, while mean forces for pushing the graft 3 mm deeper were 122.50, 249.33, and 377.25 N, respectively. These results suggest primary stability is better when grafts and drill holes are the same length, but if the recipient hole is shorter, excessive force must be exerted on the cartilage cup during insertion.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Injuries in Professional Ultimate Frisbee Athletes
Authors: Hess Matthew C. , Swedler David I. , Collins Christine S. , Ponce Brent A. , Brabston Eugene W. 
Published: January 2020

Context
Injuries in professional ultimate Frisbee (ultimate) athletes have never been described.

Objective
To determine injury rates, profiles, and associated factors using the first injury-surveillance program for professional ultimate.

Design
Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting
American Ultimate Disc League professional ultimate teams during the 2017 season.

Patients or Other Participants
Sixteen all-male teams.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Injury incidence rates (IRs) were calculated as injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Incidence rate ratios were determined to compare IRs with 95% confidence intervals, which were used to calculate differences.

Results
We observed 299 injuries over 8963 AEs for a total IR of 33.36 per 1000 AEs. Most injuries affected the lower extremity (72%). The most common injuries were thigh-muscle strains (12.7%) and ankle-ligament sprains (11.4%). Running was the most frequent injury mechanism (32%). Twenty-nine percent of injuries involved collisions; however, the concussion rate was low (IR = 0.22 per 1000 AEs). Injuries were more likely to occur during competition and in the second half of games. An artificial turf playing surface did not affect overall injury rates (Mantel-Haenszel incidence rate ratio = 1.28; 95% confidence interval = 0.99, 1.67).

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first epidemiologic study of professional ultimate injuries. Injury rates were comparable with those of similar collegiate- and professional-level sports.
Oral health and nicotine replacement therapy product
Authors: Manakil Jane , Miliankos Andrew , Gray Megan , Itthagarun Anut , George Roy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products are used extensively for assisting users in achieving cessation goals through the substitution of pure nicotine with tobacco-less products. Awareness of the adverse oral effects of nicotine replacement products is important for health practitioners. This review highlights the potential effects of NRT products on the oral tissues and management of these adverse effects. Cochrane, PubMed, and MEDLINE electronic databases were utilized in search of the relevant literature related to NRT. The review highlights various adverse effects on oral health status from NRT products, with the underlying mechanisms for these effects remaining inconclusive. There is a need for more education of health professionals in oral health promotion and maintenance in these cases. NRT products have many potential adverse effects on oral health, and it is the responsibility of dental professionals to consider these in the management of patients to optimize a beneficial clinical outcome.
Assessing dental caries and related factors in 12-year-old Nigerian school children: Report from a Southeastern State
Authors: Akaji Ezi Abigail , Ikechebelu Queen Uche , Osadolor Obehi O. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background/Aim: Dental caries is one of the most common diseases in the world and a common health problem among children. The aim of this study was to assess dental caries and related factors using the Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT), Significant Caries Index (SiC), Restorative and Met Need indices in 12-year-old schoolchildren in a Southeastern State of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 360 twelve year old students selected by multistage sampling method from four schools in Enugu. Sociodemographic and behavioral data on dietary and oral health-care practices were collected using questionnaires, followed by an intraoral examination of each participant in accordance with the WHO criteria to determine their individual DMFT. Total and mean DMFT were obtained. SiC, Restorative Index (RI), and Met Need Index (MNI) were calculated. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 20. P ≤ 0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of caries was 54.4%. Mean SiC/DMFT ratios of private and public school participants were 2.29/0.78 and 2.83/1.59, respectively. A zero RI and 0.02 MNI values were observed for all participants. Twelve (6.9%) public schoolchildren did not brush every day, although nearly 100% of them consumed cariogenic diet regularly. Conclusion: Despite low DMFT, number of teeth with untreated caries mirrored by zero RI and MNI values was high. Unhealthy dietary habits, suboptimal oral hygiene practices, and possibly lack of perception of gravity of caries were key influential factors. Efforts should be geared toward bridging these gaps through effective prevention program in schools.
Effect of two irrigation protocols and obturation techniques on the apical sealing ability of different root canal sealers: An in vitro study
Authors: El Sayed Mohamed Abdel Aziz Mohamed 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the influence of two irrigation protocols and obturation techniques on the apical seal of three endodontic sealers. Materials and Methods: Crowns of 130 single-rooted teeth were cut and 10 roots were selected as controls, and the remaining roots were divided into four experimental groups (n = 30) according to the type of irrigation protocol and obturation technique. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n = 10) according to the type of root canal sealer. All root canals were prepared with size F4 Protaper Universal and irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (Groups 1 and 3) or 3% NaOCl + 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) (Groups 2 and 4). Two gutta-percha obturation techniques were used: single-cone (Groups 1 and 2) and continuous wave (Groups 3 and 4) techniques. The following sealers were tested: MTA Fillapex (Subgroup A), AH Plus (Subgroup B), and Realseal SE (Subgroup C). The apical seal was assessed using dye penetration method, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results: In the first group, AH Plus showed the best apical seal (0.46 ± 0.098 mm), while RealSeal SE system showed the worst apical seal (3.47 ± 0.434 mm). In the second group, MTA Fillapex (0.58 ± 0.115 mm) and AH Plus (0.63 ± 0.109 mm) showed the best apical seal. In the third and fourth groups, all types of sealers showed similar high leakage patterns. Marked increase in the apical seal of RealSeal was observed in the third group (1.71 ± 0.453 mm). Conclusions: The type of irrigation protocol and obturation technique could affect the apical seal of tested sealers. When the single-cone technique was used, AH Plus with NaOCl + H2O2 and MTA Fillapex with NaOCl + CHX irrigation protocols showed significantly a high apical seal. RealSeal SE showed the worst apical seal when canals were irrigated with NaOCl/H2O2 and filled with the single-cone technique. All sealers showed inferior results when used with the continuous wave technique.
Democracia e representação local: perfis de carreira e percepções políticas de vereadores da Grande Vitória (ES)
Authors: Felisbino Riberti De Almeida , Araújo Paulo Magalhães 
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os perfis de carreira e as percepções políticas dos vereadores dos municípios de Vitória, Vila Velha, Serra e Cariacica, Estado do Espírito Santo. O recorte temporal foi o ano de 2015 e a técnica de coleta e análise dos dados foi baseada nos principais métodos de pesquisa nas Ciências Sociais. O artigo é dividido em quarto dimensões: I) Pesquisa e metodologia, II) Atributos adscritos e adquiridos dos vereadores, III) Perfis de carreira e partidário dos parlamentares e IV) Percepções políticas dos vereadores. Na dimensão I apresentamos aspectos metodológicos da pesquisa.Com as dimensões II e III mostramos a existência de diversos filtros, possibilitando traçar sociologicamente a imagem do parlamentar municipal. Na dimensão IV constatamos, entre outras coisas, que o centro da escala ideológica é o que mais agrega os vereadores entrevistados, que a democracia brasileira é muito ou bastante estável e é preferível a formas não democráticas de governo.
O movimento estudantil enquanto forma organizacional de luta e resistência: o caso do “OcupaUF”
Authors: Doro Ana Paula Gonçalves , Kirchmair Débora Magalhães , Ésther Ângelo Brigato , Orozimbo Yanne Cristina Ribeiro 
Published: January 2020

As formas organizativas destoantes da lógica de mercado, apesar de marginalizadas, constituem um campo fértil de estudos. O objeto deste artigo é o movimento de ocupação ocorrido em uma universidade federal localizada em Minas Gerais, motivado pela votação da Proposta de Emenda à Constituição (PEC) 241 do governo Michel Temer, a qual previa o congelamento dos gastos com saúde e educação no Brasil durante 20 anos. Buscou- se compreender a estrutura e a dinâmica do referido movimento que realizou a ocupação do espaço da universidade como forma de resistência. Os resultados apontam para práticas organizativas horizontais, com predomínio da tomada de decisão coletiva e para o fortalecimento do movimento estudantil.