bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions between Physics Diversity and Multiscale Initial Condition Perturbations for Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecasting
Authors: Johnson Aaron , Wang Xuguang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study investigates impacts on convection-permitting ensemble forecast performance of different methods of generating the ensemble IC perturbations in the context of simultaneous physics diversity among the ensemble members. A total of 10 convectively active cases are selected for a systematic comparison of different methods of perturbing IC perturbations in 10-member convection-permitting ensembles, both with and without physics diversity. These IC perturbation methods include simple downscaling of coarse perturbations from a global model (LARGE), perturbations generated with ensemble data assimilation directly on the multiscale domain (MULTI), and perturbations generated using each method with small scales filtered out as a control. MULTI was found to be significantly more skillful than LARGE at early lead times in all ensemble physics configurations, with the advantage of MULTI gradually decreasing with increasing forecast lead time. The advantage of MULTI, relative to LARGE, was reduced but not eliminated by the presence of physics diversity because of the extra ensemble spread that the physics diversity provided. The advantage of MULTI, relative to LARGE, was also reduced by filtering the IC perturbations to a commonly resolved spatial scale in both ensembles, which highlights the importance of flow-dependent small-scale (<~10 m) IC perturbations in the ensemble design. The importance of the physics diversity, relative to the IC perturbation method, depended on the spatial scale of interest, forecast lead time, and the meteorological characteristics of the forecast case. Such meteorological characteristics include the strength of synoptic-scale forcing, the role of cold pool interactions, and the occurrence of convective initiation or dissipation.
Transmastoid and Transtemporal Drainage of Petrous Apicitis with Otitis Media
Authors: Isaac Heba , Liu Andrew , Shibata Seiji B. , Hansen Marlan R. 
Published: August 2020

Background: Petrous apicitis (PA) is a serious infection involving the apical portion of the petrous temporal bone. The classic triad of purulent otorrhea, ipsilateral abducens nerve palsy and retroorbital pain is rarely seen due to early detection and widespread use of antibiotics. Medical management is the primary treatment modality with surgery reserved for cases of recalcitrant petrous apex abscess. Methods and Results: We presented a case of PA with previously untreated otitis media. After multidisciplinary evaluation, the patient was initially treated with intravenous antibiotics followed by drainage of the abscess using a combined transmastoid and middle cranial fossa (MCF) approach. The patient recovered well with no recurrence of the infection based on imaging and symptoms. Discussion: While a variety of different surgical approaches can be used in treatment of PA, we recommend the MCF approach in cases where access to the anterior petrous apex may be challenging via transcanal or transmastoid approach.
Neurocognitive predictors of long-term clinical course in bipolar disorder
Authors: Valerio Marina P , Lomastro Julieta , Martino Diego J 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate whether neurocognitive deficits are predictors of the long-term clinical course of patients with bipolar disorder. Methods: A total of 76 outpatients with bipolar disorder performed a neurocognitive assessment at baseline and were followed for a period of at least 48 months. The clinical course during the follow-up period was documented by two measures: (1) number of affective episodes and (2) time spent ill. Results: Patients had lower performance than controls in the domains of verbal memory and executive functions, and they were followed-up for a mean period of 70.73 months. Global cognitive deficits (performance 1.5 standard deviations below the mean in two or more cognitive domain) were independent predictors of both hypo/manic episode density and time spent with hypo/manic symptoms during follow-up. On the contrary, no neurocognitive measure showed a relationship with depressive morbidity during follow-up. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that cognitive deficits could be useful for predicting hypo/manic morbidity in the long-term clinical course. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
“Be the Person You Ought to Be”: A Convocation Speech to the Graduating Medical Students
Authors: Fernandes Ashley K. 
Published: August 2020

In the age of coronavirus, our beloved Catholic Medical Association (CMA) medical students in the class of 2020, across the country, had “virtual graduations” and commencements, often separated from family and loved ones during a milestone in their vocations. Dr. Ashley K. Fernandes, MD, PhD, a CMA member since he was a medical student, and the 2015 Patrick Guinan CMA Mentor of the Year, was chosen by The Ohio State University College of Medicine as the 2020 Professor of the Year. According to The Ohio State University, “The Professor of the Year Award has been awarded each year since 1931 by the graduating class of The Ohio State University College of Medicine to a faculty member who has demonstrated excellence and commitment to teaching and in mentoring and serving as a role model to the class. This once-in-a-lifetime award is the highest honor that a faculty member can earn from the graduating class. The Professor of the Year is invited to address the class at the hooding ceremony.” Dr. Fernandes delivered a “secularized version” of this address on April 30, 2020, “virtually,” and has modified his commencement address for our Catholic medical students as they begin their vocations in this most sacred vocation of healing. Summary: Dr. Ashley Fernandes addresses the newly graduating medical students of the Catholic Medical Association in a “virtual convocation speech” that implores them to remember the power and nature of medical profession itself; to be the person they ought to be through the exercise of the integrity and humility; and to remember whom they serve—God first, and then, the invaluable human person, made in His image.
Total Endoscopic Perichondrium Reinforced Cartilage Myringoplasty for Anterior Perforation
Authors: Shakya Dipesh , Nepal Ajit 
Published: August 2020

Objectives: To investigate the outcomes of graft uptake and hearing results in the repair of anterior perforation via a total endoscopic transcanal approach using a single or double perichondrium reinforced cartilage underlay technique. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary referral hospital. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 65 patients who underwent surgery for anterior perforation. All surgeries were done via an endoscopic transcanal approach using tragal cartilage as graft, underlay technique reinforced with single or double perichondrium. Two groups were created in which group A had single perichondrium reinforcement and group B had double perichondrium. Graft uptake and hearing outcomes were evaluated between the two groups. Results: During the study period, 65 patients were included, of which 3 were lost to follow-up, and thus, only 62 patients were assessed. As for the surgical outcome, graft uptake was observed in 95.2% (n = 59) of patients, 6 months after the intervention. Graft uptake was not statistically significantly different between groups A and B and was 95% in both. There was a statistically significant improvement in hearing across the series overall, with no significant differences seen between group A and group B. Conclusions: The endoscopic approach for myringoplasty offers superior visualization, especially for anterior perforation avoiding postaural approach and canaloplasty. Endoscopic single or double perichondrium reinforced cartilage underlay technique is a reliable method for repair of anterior perforation. There is no difference in using single or double perichondrium reinforcement. Thus, we recommend using single or double perichondrium reinforcement depending on the need during the surgery.
The blood flow restriction training effect in knee osteoarthritis people: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ferlito João Vitor , Pecce Samantha Angelica Pasa , Oselame Lucas , De Marchi Thiago 
Published: August 2020

Objective: To synthesize evidence on the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) comparing with high (HLT) and low load (LLT), and on the influence of different forms of application in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Data sources: The CENTRAL, PEDro, PubMed and BVS, which include Lilacs, Medline and SciELO, until April 2020. Review methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials used the PRISMA guidelines, whose main keywords were: Therapeutic Occlusion, Resistance Training, and Knee Osteoarthritie, blood flow restriction and Kaatsu training. Method quality was evaluated with the PEDro scale. When studies demonstrated homogeneity on outcome measures, the mean differences or standardized mean differences with 95% confidence interval were calculated and pooled in a meta-analysis for pooled synthesis. Results: Five articles were eligible in this review with moderate to low risk bias. Our results, showed no difference between BFR and HLT in knee strength (SMD = 0.00, 95% CI, –0.54 to 0.54, P = 1.00), function (SMD = −0.20, 95% CI, –0.45 to 0.06, P = 0.13), pain and volume. But, when compared BFR and LLT, the descriptive analysis demonstrated significant results in favor BFR to muscle strength (71.4% of measurement) and volume (MD = 1.66, 95% CI, 0.93 to 2.38, P < 0.00001), but not in pain or function. Conclusion: BFR can be used as a strategy in the rehabilitation of osteoarthritis due to gains in strength and volume with low mechanical stress. However, its application must be safe and individualized, since they can attenuate the stimuli offered by BFR.
Changes in perfusion can detect changes in the cardiac index in patients with septic shock
Authors: Lian Hui , Wang Xiaoting , Zhang Qing , Zhang Hongmin , Liu Dawei 
Published: August 2020

Objective The perfusion index (PI) is usually used to assess peripheral perfusion, which can be influenced by the cardiac index (CI). CI monitoring is often needed during the treatment of patients with shock. We investigated the relationship between changes in the PI (ΔPI) and changes in the CI (ΔCI) in patients with septic shock. Methods This retrospective study included patients with septic shock who underwent pulse-induced continuous cardiac output monitoring. We measured the CI and PI before and after fluid loading during the first 6 hours of intensive care unit admission. Fluid responsiveness was defined as a ≥10% ΔCI after fluid loading. Other hemodynamic and oxygen-derived parameters were also collected at the exact time of each CI measurement. Results Fifty-five patients were included in the study (29 fluid responders, 26 fluid non-responders). In the univariate analysis, ΔPI was positively correlated with ΔCI. In the multivariable analysis, ΔPI was independently associated with ΔCI. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that ΔPI was an appropriate marker with which to discriminate a CI increase with an area under the curve of 0.776. Conclusion This study showed a positive correlation between ΔPI and ΔCI during the early treatment phase of septic shock.
Silencing lncRNA HOXA10-AS decreases cell proliferation of oral cancer and HOXA10-antisense RNA can serve as a novel prognostic predictor
Authors: Yan Xiaodong , Cong Bin , Chen Qinchao , Liu Lingyun , Luan Xidi , Du Jianxin , Cao Meng 
Published: August 2020

Objective Long noncoding (lnc)RNAs regulate multiple biological processes including cancer. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy with poor prognosis. We aimed to identify the function of lncRNA HOXA10 antisense RNA (HOXA10-AS) and its clinical significance. Methods We used differential expression analysis to identify aberrantly expressed lncRNAs associated with OSCC. We identified key genes related to HOXA10-AS and their biological functions using bioinformatics tools and functional enrichment analyses. We predicted the function of HOXA10-AS using gene set enrichment and variation analyses and analyzed proliferation markers at the mRNA and protein levels. Finally, we silenced HOXA10-AS using antisense oligonucleotide and assessed proliferation ability using a cell counting kit (CCK8) and clone formation assays. Results In total, 506 aberrantly expressed lncRNAs were identified. HOXA10-AS was identified as a risk factor for OSCC and its expression was positively associated with tumor grade. We identified hub genes involved in regulating proliferation and predicted that HOXA10-AS is associated with an active cell cycle and increased proliferation. Silencing HOXA10-AS decreased proliferation in OSCC cell lines. Conclusions HOXA10-AS is involved in cell proliferation and silencing it decreases proliferation. Thus, HOXA10-AS could serve as prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for OSCC.
Increased risk markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes mellitus during mid-pregnancy
Authors: Zhang Liqin , Zhang Lihua , Wang Zhangwei , Zhu Lingling , Wang Hongxing , Chen Honghui , Zhang Haibo 
Published: August 2020

Objective This study aimed to investigate application of the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), serum beta 2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and cystatin C as risk markers in a cohort of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 312 pregnant women with PCOS and classified them as those with and without GDM. For all participants, elbow venous blood and clean middle urine were collected in the morning after 8 hours of an empty stomach. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that the ACR, urine β2-MG levels, and serum cystatin C levels were important markers for women with PCOS concomitant with GDM. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of CysC was 0.81 with the threshold based on >0.93 and that of β2-MG was 0.72 with the threshold based on >1.25. Conclusions Increased levels of β2-MG and cystatin C and a high ACR might be risk factors for Chinese women with PCOS and GDM during mid-pregnancy.
Clinical outcomes and quality of life in patients with acute and subacute type B aortic dissection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Bi Yonghua , Yi Mengfei , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang 
Published: August 2020

Objective Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is considered the mini-invasive treatment of choice for patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection (TBAD). This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in patients with acute and subacute TBAD after TEVAR. Methods From January 2014 until July 2016, 22 acute patients (Group A) and 18 subacute patients received TEVAR (Group B), and 13 patients were managed non-operatively (Group C). The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 was used to assess QoL preoperatively and after TEVAR. Operative techniques and complications were retrospectively analyzed. Results The role emotion, vitality, and mental health domains scored well preoperatively. Except for role emotion, vitality, and mental health, the remaining domains significantly improved after TEVAR. There was no significant difference in QoL metrics between Groups A and B. In Group C, bodily pain and social functioning domains were improved, and role emotion was decreased, with no improvement in the remaining domains. The 3-year survival rates were 95.5%, 100%, and 85.7% for Groups A, B, and C, respectively. Conclusions TEVAR may be safe and effective in patients with acute and subacute TBAD with similar and favorable clinical and QoL metrics.
Analyzing open government policy adoption through the multiple streams framework: The roles of policy entrepreneurs in the case of Madrid
Authors: Ruvalcaba-Gomez Edgar A , Criado J Ignacio , Gil-Garcia J Ramon 
Published: August 2020

Open government is expected to promote important changes related to transparency, participation, and collaboration in the public sector. This article analyzes the open government policy-making process in Madrid. In order to explain the adoption process of open government as a public policy, this study uses the “multiple streams framework,” originally developed by Kingdon and recently elaborated on by Zahariadis and Herweg et al. Our empirical data, based on semi-structured interviews and qualitative and quantitative analysis provide evidence about the adoption of open government policy in the city of Madrid and help to illustrate some of the multiple roles that policy entrepreneurs play in the policy adoption process. Overall, this article offers insights on how and why open government is adopted into the public agenda of local governments. Also, this article highlights the importance of analyzing the roles of “policy entrepreneurs” and the duality of transparency and citizen participation in open government policies.
Benchmarking to reduce restrictive practices in forensic mental health services: a Delphi study
Authors: Maguire Tessa , Ryan Jo , McKenna Brian 
Published: August 2020

Objectives: Forensic mental health services (FMHS) have higher rates, duration and frequency of restrictive practices (seclusion, physical restraint and mechanical restraint). Data generated by services can be used to set targets (benchmarks) with like services to reduce or eliminate restrictive practices. The aim of this study was to develop restrictive practice benchmarks for Australian and New Zealand FMHS. Method: A participatory action research methodology was used by conducting a Delphi study. FMHS experts provided de-identified service-specific restrictive practice data, which was used to stimulate reflection towards the development of restrictive practice benchmarks. Results: Consensus decision-making was reached on benchmarks for the rate, duration and frequency of seclusion and physical restraint. Mechanical restraint was found to be a rare event, requiring event specific review in each service. Conclusions: Benchmarking with FMHS may assist in working to reduce restrictive practices and encourage the scrutiny of service practice. Establishment of a FMHS network might assist to embed the proposed benchmarks.
Flattening the curve of COVID-19 for medical education in psychiatry and addiction medicine
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Bonner Daniel , Maguire Paul , Finlay Angus , Keightley Philip , Parige Raj , Tedeschi Michael , Reay Rebecca , Davis Soo-Leng 
Published: August 2020

Objective: To describe the context, challenges and responses to COVID-19 public health measures for medical education in psychiatry, with an emphasis on sharing strategies for ongoing COVID-19 challenges. Conclusion: The rapidity of COVID-19 public health measures instituted in Australia required swift action for medical education to address lockdowns of student clinical placements. The responses included a transition to interim online learning followed by a return to truncated clinical placements renegotiated to conform to public health measures. Adjustment of formative and summative assessment has been necessary. However, further contingencies may emerge depending upon the overall progress of the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 and the mental well-being of Australian medical students: impact, concerns and coping strategies used
Authors: Lyons Zaza , Wilcox Helen , Leung Lianne , Dearsley Oliver 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Medical students are vulnerable to poor mental well-being. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted student life and had significant effects on curricula delivery at medical schools around Australia. The study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on medical student mental well-being, assess concerns and determine activities used by students to help with the situation. Method: An online cross-sectional survey was designed. Questions focused on concerns and impact of COVID-19. The Kessler-10 (K10) measured psychological distress. Results: Two hundred and ninety-seven students participated with a 37.5% response rate. Mean K10 score was 20.6 indicating moderate psychological distress. There were no significant differences in K10 mean score or distress level (low, moderate, high, very high) between students in different years of the medical course. Deterioration in mental well-being since COVID-19 onset was reported by 68% students. Main negative impacts were on social connectedness, studies and stress levels. Concerns related to uncertainty about returning to normal and graduation. Common activities were using video chats, social media, exercise and hobbies. Conclusions: The impact of COVID-19 on mental well-being has led to legitimate concerns by students regarding their studies and progress through the medical course. We hope to minimise these disruptions, and reassure and support students to ensure that academic goals are achieved.
Is Taping Alone an Efficient Presurgical Infant Orthopedic Approach in Infants With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abd El-Ghafour Mohamed , Aboulhassan Mamdouh A. , El-Beialy Amr Ragab , Fayed Mona M. Salah , Eid Faten Hussein Kamel , El-Gendi Mahmoud , Emara Dawlat 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The aim of the current randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to assess the effectiveness of taping alone in changing the maxillary arch dimensions (MADs) in infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) before surgical lip repair. Design: A prospective, balanced, randomized, parallel-group, single-blinded, controlled trial. Setting: All the steps of the current study were carried in the Department of Orthodontics, Cairo University in Egypt. Participants: Thirty-one, nonsyndromic infants with UCLP. Interventions: The eligible infants were randomly assigned to either no-treatment (control) or taping groups. In the taping group, all the infants received horizontal tape between the 2 labial segments aiming to decrease the cleft gap. No other interventions were performed to infants included in this group. Rubber base impressions were made to all the included infants in both groups at the beginning of the treatment (T1) and directly before surgical lip repair (T2). All the produced models were scanned using a desktop scanner producing digital models for outcome assessment. Main Outcomes Measures: A blinded assessor carried out all the MAD measurements virtually on the produced digital models at the beginning (T1) and after (T2) treatment. Results: Clinically and/or statistically significant changes in all the measured MADs were recorded in the taping group at T2 before surgical lip repair in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: It seems that taping alone is an efficient tool in changing the MADs before surgical lip repair in infants with UCLP.