bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECTS OF UNDERWATER LOW-FREQUENCY SOUND PROPAGATION THROUGH CONTINENTAL BARRIER
Authors: Щуров В.А. , Щеглов С.Г. , Буренин А.В. , Ткаченко Е.С. 
Published: October 2020

Обнаружены и исследованы подводный и донный низкочастотные акустические сигналы (400 Гц) от подводного источника излучения, расположенного относительно приемной системы по другую сторону перешейка мыса Шульца. Приемная система состояла из трехкомпонентного донного геофона и приемной акустической комбинированной системы, расположенной в толще волновода на глубине 9 м. Кратчайшее расстояние между источником и приемником через материковый барьер составляет ~ 1000 м. Азимутальный угол прихода сигнала продольных волн совпадает с геометрической линией, соединяющей источник и приемник. Прием поперечной и продольной волн осуществляется по различным ортогональным осям координат геофона. Направление прихода продольной волны в точку измерения близко к горизонтальному. Наличие поперечной волны в донном грунте позволяет предположить, что дно волновода представляет собой твердую жесткую поверхность.
The present work studies the underwater and sea bottom low-frequency signals (400 Hz) emitted by the underwater transducer and detected by the receiver system located on the other side of the Schultz cape neck relative to the transducer. The receiver system consisted of a three-component bottom geophone and composite acoustical system immersed 9 m down the water column of the waveguide. The shortest distance between transducer and receiver through the continental barrier was ~1000 m. The azimuth angle of signal arrival corresponds to a geometrical line connecting a pair transducer/receiver. The reception of longitudinal and transverse waves was performed alongside different orthogonal axes of geophone coordinates. The direction of the longitudinal wave arrival at the reception point was close to horizontal. The presence of the transverse wave in the bottom soil suggests that the bottom of the waveguide represents a solid rigid surface.
FEATURES AND METHODS OF INVESTIGATION OF UNDERWATER GAS-HYDRATES AND ITS RESOURCES IN THE SEAS OF EAST ASIA
Authors: Шакирова М.В. , Обжиров А.И. , Соколова Н.Л. , Телегин Ю.А. , Шакиров Р.Б. 
Published: October 2020

Рассматривается распространение подводных газогидратов как результат взаимодействия различных природных факторов, действующих в придонной толще осадочных пород и водных слоях морей Восточной Азии. В работе определены факторы, причинно-следственные связи между ними, выявлены наиболее значимые условия, способствующие образованию подводных газогидратов. На основе карт распространения природных факторов в исследуемых морях с помощью ГИС-моделирования определены наиболее перспективные и вероятные газогидратоносные акватории. Изучение газогидратов важно не только для использования их как альтернативного вида углеводородного сырья, но и при инженерных работах на дне морей. В районе газогидратов происходит нарушения поверхности дна, так как газогидраты разрушаются при повышении температуры и (или) снижении давления. При этом важно использовать возможности подводных робототехнических средств для исследований газогидратов и окружающей среды.
The presented paper considers the distribution of the underwater gas-hydrates as a result of the interaction between different natural factors in the near-bottom sediment cover and water layers in the seas of East Asia. The article defines these factors, cause-and-effect relationships between them, and presents the most valuable conditions causing underwater gas-hydrates formation. Based on the maps of natural factors distribution in the studied seas, the most promising and probable gas-hydrates aquatic areas were defined using geoinformation system modeling. Studying the gas-hydrates is crucial not only for its utilization as a hydrocarbons alternative but for engineering activity on the seafloor as well. In gas-hydrate areas, the seafloor surface suffers from disfigurements, as gas-hydrates are destroyed when the temperature rises and pressure falls. So, it is crucial to explore the capabilities of underwater robotic means for the investigation of gas-hydrates and the environment.
Методика исследования и анализ износа калибров валков проволочного блока
Authors: Maksymenko O. P. , Orobtsev A. Yu. , Samokhval V. M. , Shtoda M. M. , Marchenko K. K. 
Published: October 2020

Максименко О. П., Оробцев А. Ю., Самохвал В. М., Штода М. Н., Марченко К. К. Методика исследования и анализ износа калибров валков проволочного блока // Обработка материалов давлением. – 2019. – № 1 (48). – C. 157–162.
Изучение износа валков, как основного рабочего инструмента в процессах прокатки, остается актуальной задачей, несмотря на многочисленные работы в этой области. Применение новых валковых материалов, обеспечивающих более высокую износостойкость, требует дополнительного изучения особенностей их износа и совершенствования методик измерения износа. В связи с этим, целью настоящей работы является разработка методики экспериментального изучения износа валков, на примере проволочного блока. Выполнены экспериментальные исследования износа валков проволочного блока с использованием часового индикатора и оптико-светового метода. Статистическая обработка полученных данных подтвердила однородность результатов измерений и возможность применения оптико-светового метода как более информативного. Этот метод позволяет определять износ по всему контуру ручьев валков. Исследования, выполненные при прокатке катанки диаметром 5,5 мм с использование оптико-светового метода, позволили установить, что глубина износа ручьев валков распределена неравномерно и существенно зависит от характера изменения среднего давления металла на валки. Наиболее подвержены выработке калибры четвертой и пятой клетей, где преобладает абразивный износ. В первых двух клетях наблюдается осповидный износ. На износ калибров валков определенное влияние оказывает также величина зазора между валками. При увеличении этого зазора вероятность сваливания раската в калибре возрастает, что отражается на его выработке
طريقة فيزيائية للتمييز بين زيت الزيتون الليبي وزيت الزيتون السوري
Authors: المعراتي د. غياث عبد ال رحمن , مزنوق د. نورة رضوان , دقاق د. رهى طارق 
Published: October 2020

تم في هذا البحث تطبيق طريقة فيزيائية تعتمد على شبكة من الحساسات الغازية ذات النوع TGS ( Tagushi Gas Sensor ( للتمييز بين نوعين مختلفين من زيت الزيتون ألا وهما زيت الزيتون الليبي وزيت الزيتون السوري .وقد أبدت شبكة الحساسات استجابتين مختلفتين للنوعين ,مما يعني قدرة هذه الشبكة على التمييز بين هذين النوعين .
الكلمات المفتاحية :( شبكة حساسات – زيت الزيتون السوري – زيت الزيتون الليبي - إستجابة الحساسات) .
آليات الحجاج في قصة "حائك الكلام" لعمرو بن مسعدة من منظور البلاغة الحديثة
Authors: عمر أ.عثمان 
Published: October 2020

This research is about a content analysis of the "Haik Alkalaam" or (Speech Tailor) story, recorded by the Abbasi Period writer the minister Amro Ibno Mas'adah (Died:278),in the aspects of modern Arab Eloquence Studies ,which not only study the classical rules of the Arab Rhetoric in "Moftaah Alauloom" or (Key of sciences) by Sakkaki (Died:626), but also the techniques of (Hijaaj) or "argument" of the " Khitab" (Massage) used by "Haik Alkalaam" and the writer Amro Ibno Mas'adah in their speech.
The writer has come with a conclusion that : this story is a unique style of the ancient Arab Narration in the Abbasi Period, which preceded the narration period in respects of Art ,Narration and Structuralism of the Arab Literature depending on linguistic and logical argumentative means. Not to mention the variety to use Stylistic ,Argumentative, Rhetoric and Tropes techniques, specially that presented by "Haik Alkalaam".
Such results should encourage for more studies to the Narration treasures in the ancient Arab Literature in textual and artistic techniques which are not less valuable than the modern Narrations .
MAKING MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN COMPANIES BASED ON INTELLIGENT DIGITAL PLATFORMS
Authors: Мамалига Маргарита Михайловна 
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается понятие интеллектуальных цифровых платформ и их роль в процессе принятия управленческих решений. В работе были выделены три этапа принятия управленческих решений и рассмотрена возможность применения цифровых платформ на каждом из этапов.
The article discusses the concept of intelligent digital platforms and their role in the process of making management decisions. The work identified three stages of making management decisions and considered the possibility of using digital platforms at each stage.
LEGAL KNOWLEDGE AND DEVIANT BEHAVIO
Authors: Орлова Ольга Викторовна , Агамиров Карэн Владимирович 
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается роль правовых знаний в минимизации отклоняющегося поведения. Авторы выявляют единые требования для борьбы с отклоняющимся поведением в современных странах и интеграционных объединениях государств (ЕС и ЕАЭС).
The article considers the role of legal knowledge in minimization of deviant behavior. The authors identify common requirements for combating deviant behavior in modern countries and integration associations of States (the EU and the EEU).
Incentive value and spatial certainty combine additively to determine visual priorities
Authors: Garner K.G. , Bowman H. , Raymond J.E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHow does the brain combine information predictive of the value of a visually guided task (incentive value) with information predictive of where task-relevant stimuli may occur (spatial certainty)? Human behavioural evidence indicates that these two predictions may be combined additively to bias visual selection (Additive Hypothesis), whereas neuroeconomic studies posit that they may be multiplicatively combined (Expected Value Hypothesis). We sought to adjudicate between these two alternatives. Participants viewed two coloured placeholders that specified the potential value of correctly identifying an imminent letter target if it appeared in that placeholder. Then, prior to the target’s presentation, an endogenous spatial cue was presented indicating the target’s more likely location. Spatial cues were parametrically manipulated with regard to the information gained (in bits). Across two experiments, performance was better for targets appearing in high versus low value placeholders and better when targets appeared in validly cued locations. Interestingly, as shown with a Bayesian model selection approach, these effects did not interact, clearly supporting the Additive Hypothesis. Even when conditions were adjusted to increase the optimality of a multiplicative operation, support for it remained. These findings refute recent theories that expected value computations are the singular mechanism driving the deployment of endogenous spatial attention. Instead, incentive value and spatial certainty seem to act independently to influence visual selection.
A conceptual framework for the study of demonstrative reference
Authors: Peeters David , Krahmer Emiel , Maes Alfons 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLanguage allows us to efficiently communicate about the things in the world around us. Seemingly simple words likethisandthatare a cornerstone of our capability to refer, as they contribute to guiding the attention of our addressee to the specific entity we are talking about. Such demonstratives are acquired early in life, ubiquitous in everyday talk, often closely tied to our gestural communicative abilities, and present in all spoken languages of the world. Based on a review of recent experimental work, here we introduce a new conceptual framework of demonstrative reference. In the context of this framework, we argue that several physical, psychological, and referent-intrinsic factors dynamically interact to influence whether a speaker will use one demonstrative form (e.g.,this) or another (e.g.,that) in a given setting. However, the relative influence of these factors themselves is argued to be a function of the cultural language setting at hand, the theory-of-mind capacities of the speaker, and the affordances of the specific context in which the speech event takes place. It is demonstrated that the framework has the potential to reconcile findings in the literature that previously seemed irreconcilable. We show that the framework may to a large extent generalize to instances of endophoric reference (e.g., anaphora) and speculate that it may also describe the specific form and kinematics a speaker’s pointing gesture takes. Testable predictions and novel research questions derived from the framework are presented and discussed.
Chicago Face Database: Multiracial expansion
Authors: Ma Debbie S. , Kantner Justin , Wittenbrink Bernd 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMultiracial individuals represent a growing segment of the population and have been increasingly the focus of empirical study. Much of this research centers on the perception and racial categorization of multiracial individuals. The current paper reviews some of this research and describes the different types of stimuli that have been used in these paradigms. We describe the strengths and weaknesses associated with different operationalizations of multiracialism and highlight the dearth of research using faces of real multiracial individuals, which we posit may be due to the lack of available stimuli. Our research seeks to satisfy this need by providing a free set of high-resolution, standardized images featuring 88 real multiracial individuals along with extensive norming data and objective physical measures of these faces. These data are offered as an extension of the widely used Chicago Face Database and are available for download at www.chicagofaces.org for use in research.
StimuliApp: Psychophysical tests on mobile devices
Authors: Marin-Campos Rafael , Dalmau Josep , Compte Albert , Linares Daniel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPsychophysical tests are commonly carried out using software applications running on desktop or laptop computers, but running the software on mobile handheld devices such as smartphones or tablets could have advantages in some situations. Here, we present StimuliApp, an open-source application in which the user can create psychophysical tests on the iPad and the iPhone by means of a system of menus. A wide number of templates for creating stimuli are available including patches, gradients, gratings, checkerboards, random-dots, texts, tones or auditory noise. Images, videos and audios stored in files could also be presented. The application was developed natively for iPadOS and iOS using the low-level interface Metal for accessing the graphics processing unit, which results in high timing performance.
Penerapan Metode Eksperimen Materi Gerak Lurus Berubah Beraturan (GLBB) pada Kegiatan Praktikum Fisika Dasar untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Ilmiah Siswa MA Al-Iman Bulus Purworejo
Authors: Pratiwi Umi , Akhdinirwanto R. Wakhid , Fatmaryanti Siska Desy , Ashari Ashari 
Published: October 2020

Pelaksanaan praktikum dengan fasilitas yang kurang memadahi dan kemanfaatan yang kurang maksimal diperlukan metode baru untuk mengatasi kendala-kendala tersebut. Metode yang diterapkan salah satunya menggunakan metode eksperimen. Metode eksperimen ini siswa melakukan percobaan dengan mengalami dan membuktikan sendiri sesuatu pertanyaan atau hipotesis yang dipelajari. Metode eksperimen yang diterapkan untuk mengetahui sikap ilmiah siswa dalam proses pembelajaran praktikum fisika dasar materi GLBB. Hasil pengabdian dalam mengimplementasikan metode eksperiemn diperoleh bahwa rasa ingin tahu siswa sebesar 66%, rasa tanggungjawab sebesar 72%, sikap disiplin sebesar 72% , dan kemampuan kerjasama sebesar 74%. Hasil tersebut menunukkan kenaikan sikap ilmiah sebesar 77%. Implementasi metode ekperiment menghasilkan hasil yang baik dengan memperlihatkan siswa lebih antusias dan lebih bersemangat.
Eagle’s Syndrome: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Alamgir Ashar , Baig Muhammad Musharaf , Ishfaq Umair 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To study the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options in Eagle’s Syndrome in a tertiary care hospital.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted at the ENT department of District Headquarter Hospital, Rawalpindi from 1st January 2016 to 31st March 2019. All the patients who presented in outpatient (OPD) of the ENT department with pain around the ear and throat and diagnosed as a case of Eagle’s syndrome were included in the study. All the data of gender, age, CT scan findings, pain score, and management were noted on a predesigned proforma. Percentages and frequencies were calculated for all the data by using SPSS 21 version.
Results: A total of 12 patients were included in the study, with 5 (42%) females and 7 (58%) males. The patient’s age range was from 24 to 68 years. Sharp, sudden onset, nerve-like pain was the major symptom in all cases. The length of the styloid process in 6 patients was between 3-4 cm and in 6 patients between 4-5 cm on a 3-dimensional computerized tomography scan. 100% of patients were managed surgically. In Group A (50%) styloidectomy was done after tonsillectomy while in other Group B (50%) patients styloidectomy was done by tonsil sparing technique. The relief of pain was a little better in patients of Group B.
Conclusion: Sudden onset, sharp, shooting pain in the jaw area, around-ear, and in the throat with no other co-morbid should be investigated for Eagle’s syndrome. 3 dimensional CT scan is the best modality to see the length of the styloid process. Styloidectomy with tonsil sparing technique is a little better than tonsillectomy and gives early and permanent relief from this painful condition.
Evaluation of Prognostic response in HIV positive patients after Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Usman Nadya , Rehman Muhammad Abdul , Ghafoor Muhammad Bilal , Malik Muhammad Ali , Khan Muhammad Shoaib , Bukhari Ajmal Shah 
Published: October 2020

Objective: The present study was aimed to monitor the prognostic response of antiretroviral therapy in HIV positive patients.
Methodology: The study was conducted on confirmed HIV positive patients registered at HIV treatment and care centre, PIMS. Islamabad from January 2013 to December 2015.. Among all HIV positive patients,276 adult cases were selected. There were 263 patients on first-line antiretroviral (ARV) therapy and 13 patients were shifted to 2nd line ARV therapy.CD4 cell counts and viral load (Polymerase chain reaction) monitoring was done after one year of starting ARV therapy.
Results: Out of 276 adult patients, 75%(n=207) were male and 25%(n=69) were females. Among 276 adult cases, 95.3% (n=263) patients were on first line ARV therapy. Patients on first line ARV therapy showed good prognostic response. There were 15.5%(n=40) patients having CD4+cells less than 350cells/µL. There were 84.5%(n=223) patients having CD4 +cells count greater than 350cells/µL There were 69%(n=182) patients having viral load <50copies/ml and 31%(n=81) patients who had viral load >50copies/ml.
Conclusion: First line ARV therapy given to HIV positive patients proved itself best both in respect of increasing the immunity of HIV positive patients by increasing the number of CD4 cells and also results in effective viral load suppression.
Electron Temperature Anisotropy and Electron Beam Constraints from Electron Kinetic Instabilities in the Solar Wind
Authors: Sun Heyu , Zhao Jinsong , Liu Wen , Xie Huasheng , Wu Dejin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Electron temperature anisotropies and electron beams are nonthermal features of the observed nonequilibrium electron velocity distributions in the solar wind. In collision-poor plasmas these nonequilibrium distributions are expected to be regulated by kinetic instabilities through wave–particle interactions. This study considers electron instabilities driven by the interplay of core electron temperature anisotropies and the electron beam, and first gives a comprehensive analysis of instabilities in arbitrary directions to the background magnetic field. It clarifies the dominant parameter regime (e.g., parallel core electron plasma beta

, core electron temperature anisotropy

, and electron beam velocity V
eb) for each kind of electron instability (e.g., the electron beam-driven electron acoustic/magnetoacoustic instability, the electron beam-driven whistler instability, the electromagnetic electron cyclotron instability, the electron mirror instability, the electron firehose instability, and the ordinary-mode instability). It finds that the electron beam can destabilize electron acoustic/magnetoacoustic waves in the low-

regime, and whistler waves in the medium- and large-

regime. It also finds that a new oblique fast-magnetosonic/whistler instability is driven by the electron beam with

in a regime where

and A
ec < 1. Moreover, this study presents electromagnetic responses of each kind of electron instability. These results provide a comprehensive overview for electron instability constraints on core electron temperature anisotropies and electron beams in the solar wind.
The Cosmic Thermal History Probed by Sunyaev–Zeldovich Effect Tomography
Authors: Chiang Yi-Kuan , Makiya Ryu , Ménard Brice , Komatsu Eiichiro 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The cosmic thermal history, quantified by the evolution of the mean thermal energy density in the universe, is driven by the growth of structures as baryons get shock heated in collapsing dark matter halos. This process can be probed by redshift-dependent amplitudes of the thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) effect background. To do so, we cross-correlate eight sky intensity maps in the Planck and Infrared Astronomical Satellite missions with two million spectroscopic redshift references in the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys. This delivers snapshot spectra for the far-infrared to microwave background light as a function of redshift up to z ∼ 3. We decompose them into the SZ and thermal dust components. Our SZ measurements directly constrain

〈

bP

e

〉

, the halo bias-weighted mean electron pressure, up to z ∼ 1. This is the highest redshift achieved to date, with uncorrelated redshift bins thanks to the spectroscopic references. We detect a threefold increase in the density-weighted mean electron temperature

T

¯

e

from 7 × 105 K at z = 1 to 2 × 106 K today. Over z = 1–0, we witness the build-up of nearly 70% of the present-day mean thermal energy density ρ
th, with the corresponding density parameter Ωth reaching 1.5 × 10−8. We find the mass bias parameter of Planck's universal pressure profile of B = 1.27 (or 1 − b = 1/B = 0.79), consistent with the magnitude of nonthermal pressure in gas motion and turbulence from mass assembly. We estimate the redshift-integrated mean Compton parameter y ∼ 1.2 × 10−6, which will be tested by future spectral distortion experiments. More than half originates from the large-scale structure at z < 1, which we detect directly.