bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Malnutrition in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Khadka Dibas , Karki Binod , Thapa Suresh , Khanal Ajit , Shrestha Ramila , Bhandary Shital , Paudel Bidhan Nidhi 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Cirrhosis of liver is a progressively deteriorating disease. Medical management consist of treatment and prevention of complications. Nutritional intervention to improve nutritional status of the malnourished patient has favorable impact on prognosis. Traditional measures of nutritional assessment like Body Mass Index and waist circumference are inaccurate. This study was conducted to study the prevalence of malnutrition in cirrhotic patients.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. The study included 60 cirrhotic patients from outpatient department. Subjective Global Assessment was performed for all participants and level of malnutrition recorded. Height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index were measured and recorded.
Results: Among the cirrhotic patients, malnutrition was detected in 46 (76.66%) [68.38 to 85.94 at Confidence Interval 95%]. Out of 46 patients who were malnourished, 20 (43.47%) had mild to moderate malnutrition whereas 26 (56.53%) had severe malnutrition. The most common cause of cirrhosis was alcohol. The mean body mass index and mean waist circumference were within normal limits.
Conclusions: Malnutrition is very common among cirrhotic patients and its prevalence increased from Child A to Child C status.
Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency among Adult Patients in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rai Chandra Kala , Shrestha Biju , Sapkota Jyotshna , Das Jay Kumar 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The deficiency of vitamin D is major public health problem worldwide. It is deficiency of vitamin D level when blood serum which is below 30ng/ml. The deficiency is associated with various musculoskeletal diseases and autoimmune diseases. The early detection of deficiency plays important role to prevent those diseases. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among adult population in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in tertiary care hospital, from 1st August 2017 to 31st December 2018 after ethical clearance from institutional review committee with registration number 02082017. Simple random sampling was done. Data was collected and entered in statistical package for social sciences. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: Out of total patients, vitamin D deficiency was found among 283 (73.6%) patients at 95% of CI (68.6-78.6). Out of total female patients, 202 (52.61%) were deficient and out of total male patients, 81 (21.08%) were deficient. The mean age±SD of patients was 41.45±16.016 years.
Conclusions: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was high compared to previous studies. Vitamin D deficiency was found to be higher in females than males.
Prevalence of Maternal Anemia in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Nepal
Authors: Lamichhane Anita , Gurung Sharmila , Panthee Kiran , Shrestha Deekshya 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Maternal anemia is a common problem in developing countries like Nepal accounting for around 30-50% of women becoming anemic during pregnancy. The present study aims to find out the prevalence of maternal anemia in a tertiary care hospital in Western Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Devdaha Medical College, Bhaluhi, Rupandehi, Nepal from October 2018 to May 2019 after taking ethical approval from the institutional review committee with the approval number: 012/2018. Three eighty three samples were taken and convenient sampling was done to reach the sample size. Data were collected from the study population after taking consent and entered in a predesigned proforma. It was then entered in an SPSS; point estimate at 95% CI was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.
Results: During the study period, out of 383 mothers, 230 (60.2%) mothers were anemic at 95% CI (10.6-10.8%); of which 172 (74.8%) were moderately anemic while 58 (25.2%) were mild anemic. The mean maternal Haemoglobin was 9.5±1.76SD. The mean maternal age was 24.24±3.26 SD; mean gestational age at the time of delivery was 36.08±1.77 SD.
Conclusions: The prevalence of maternal anemia in this study is found to be higher than the national data which implies that maternal anemia is still a public health issue which needs to be addressed in spite of safe motherhood program launched by the government of Nepal.
Verbal Abuse among Nurses in Tertiary Care Hospitals
Authors: Silwal Kalpana , Joshi Sarala 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Verbal abuse against nurses who are major working force can affect the work performance and productivity in hospital. Verbal abuse is epidemic in tertiary care hospitals though it is most preventable with healthcare professions. The study aims to identify the prevalence of verbal abuse among nurses in a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses in two tertiary care hospitals in Chitwan using self-administered questionnaire from August-December, 2018. The researcher used the convenient sampling technique and total 331 nurses were taken for the study.
Results: Prevalence of verbal abuse was found to be 122 (36.9 %) [34.25%-39.55% at 95% CI] among nurses. Perpetrators of the verbal abuse were relatives of the patients 64 (48.9%) followed by staff member 29 ( 23.77%), patient 23 (17.6%), management or supervisor 4 (3.1%) and from colleague 2 (1.5%). Frequency of verbal abuse as sometimes, once and all the times were 95 (77.86%), 20 (16.03%) and 7 (5.7 %) respectively. Study showed that verbal abuse was mostly done by relatives of the patient. Consequence of verbal abuse was disturbing memories, thoughts or an image ultimately reducing the job satisfaction. No any action was taken except verbal warning for 20 (58.8%) perpetrators.
Conclusions: Verbal abuse is frequently prevalent in nurses and mostly from patient’s visitors. Hence, nurses should maintain their respect and authority otherwise it will lead to decrease in their performance that shows direct impact on patient care and consequently the effectiveness of the health care system.
Severe Birth Asphyxia without Sequelae: A Case Report
Authors: Dahal Sujata , Lama Roshan , Lohala Nita , Simkhada Prashant , Thapa Meena , Manandhar Sunil Raja 
Published: November 2019

Perinatal asphyxia is one of the major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It mainly causes neurodevelopmental delay leading to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. We present here the case of a preterm male baby of 1670 grams born at 31+3 weeks of gestation delivered by 25-year-old primi mother through vaginal delivery with history of umbilical cord prolapse. At birth, the baby had no heart rate and cyanosed following which he was resuscitated according to the Neonatal Advanced Life Support 2015 guidelines protocol. After 5 minutes of neonatal resuscitation, the baby’s heart rate reappeared, but was only upto 20 beats/min and resuscitation thus continued. But heart rate did not improve despite of using all form of resuscitation procedure including intubation and drugs. After 2 hours, baby cried spontaneously and later baby was managed in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit according to the neonatal unit protocol of the hospital.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP GURU YANG BERKEADILAN DI KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: AS Yenny , Setiawati Rini 
Published: November 2019

Kewajiban memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada guru dalam melaksanakan tugas profesionalnya, terutama diletakkan pada pemerintah, baik pemerintah pusat maupun pemerintah daerah. Kewajiban itu dimulai dengan menyediakan regulasi peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengakomodir perlindungan terhadap guru.Menyikapi hal tersebut Kota Pontianak telah meregulasi Peraturan Daerah Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Perlindungan Guru. Substansi pokok di dalam Perda tersebut telah mengakomodir perlindungan terhadap guru melalui amanah pentingnya pembentukan Unit Pelayanan Hukum dan Perlindungan Guru (UPHPG) yang dapat dijadikan wadah menyelesaikan permasalahan garu dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya guna terwujudnya keadilan. Mendasari hal tersebut, permasalahannya apa urgensinya pembentukan UPHPG tersebut dan bagaimana mengimplementasikan kelembagaan UPHPG tersebut. Melalui metode yuridis-sosiologis dengan pendekatan kualitatif terungkap hasil penelitian bahwa urgensi pembentukan UPHPG dilandasi fakta sosiologis bahwa belum adanya mekanisme penanganan dan penyelesaian permasalahan guru dalam menjalankan tugas profesinya serta landasan filosofis pentingnya mewujudkan nilai keadian maka UPHPG yang telah diamanatkan dalam Perda Kota Pontianak Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Perlindungan Guru penting untuk segera diwujudkan pembentukannya melalui Peraturan Walikota dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan.
PROBLEMATIKA PEMUNGUTAN SUARA ULANG PEMILU SERENTAK TAHUN 2019
Authors: Handayani Retno Sari , Fahmi Khairul 
Published: November 2019

Sekalipun telah melampaui rezim psudo-demokrasi dibawah kepemimpinan Soeharto selama 32 tahun, sepertinya Indonesia belum juga menemukan formula yang tepat untuk mengakomodir nilai demokrasi yakni kedaulatan rakyat. Masalah yang hendak dibahas dan dianalisa pada penelitian ini adalah bagaimana penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 Pasal 372 mengenai Pemungutan Suara Ulang (PSU) serta menganalisis problematika sosial yang muncul dalam penerapannya. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian normatif-empiris dengan kategori penelitian live case study. Kategori penelitian ini menganalisa peristiwa hukum yang prosesnya masih berlangsung. Adapun yang dijadikan sumber penelitian berupa ketentuan hukum normatif yakni Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2017 Pasal 372 serta aturan teknis yang dibuat berkenaan dengan norma tersebut. Dari hasil analisis pelaksanaan peraturan yang dibuat ditemukan berbagai permasalahan sosial yang tidak dapat dihindarkan. PSU menimbulkan problematika baru bagi pemilih, penyelenggara pemilu, serta peserta pemilu. Problematika Pemungutan Suara Ulang berupa angka partisipasi turun, potensi tekanan kecemasan dalam lingkup masyarakat karena perhatian yang berlebihan dari aparat maupun kandidat hingga adanya distorsi preferensi pilihan. Oleh karena problematika tersebut, diharapkan pertimbangan yang paling bijak agar PSU yang terjadi menjadi solusi yang paling tepat namun tetap dapat meminimalisir secara optimal adanya permasalahan sosial dimasyarakat yang mungkin timbul.
Efficacy of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) extract to decrease serum creatinine in acute kidney injury induced male wistar rats
Authors: Lusiana Evi , Tamzil Nia Savitri , Oktarina Desi 
Published: November 2019

Background
Kidney vital function as a regulator of blood volume and chemical composition to excrete solute and water selectively. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden decline in kidney function which is temporary, is marked by an increase in serum creatinine levels and decreased urine output.
Objective
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cinnamon extract in acute kidney injury induced male wistar rats.
Method
An experimental in vivo with pre-post control group design was conducted in twenty-five wistar strain white rats that were divided into 5 treatment groups that received methylprednisolone as a positive control, aquades, and different dose of cinnamon extracts (50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW). The rat model of acute kidney injury was prepared by the method of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).
The effectiveness of cinnamon extract was carried out by creatinine levels checked using ELISA and analyzed by ANOVA.
Results
The extract of cinnamon can lower serum creatinine levels were significantly (p <0.05). A dose of 100mg / KgBW is an effective dose in AKI compare to methylprednisolone.
Conclusion
Extract of cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) corrected creatinine levels of acute kidney injury induced male wistar rats.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury, cinnamon extract, creatinine
The Anticancer Activity of Srikaya Leaves Fraction (Annona squamosa L.): An In Vitro Study
Authors: Amin Makbruri , Saleh Irsan , Hidayat Rachmat 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Anticancer drugs are aimed primarily at inhibiting the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Srikaya leaves (Annona squamosa L.) had been proven to possess various therapeutic effects and potential to be developed as anticancer drugs due to its cytotoxic activity.
Aim of study: This study aimed to assess the anticancer activity of srikaya leaves (Annona squamosa L.) fraction.
Methods: Methanol fraction of srikaya leaves were obtained at concentrations of 500; 250; 125; 62.5; 31.25 Âµg/ml. Srikaya methanol fraction and cisplatin as control were given to a plate that was sealed with T47D cells for MTT assay. Identification of compounds in the methanol fraction of srikaya leaves was performed with thin layer chromatography (TLC). Data were collected in the form of absorbance value and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was determined â€‹â€‹by linear regression. Data analysis was carried out with paired T test, unpaired T test, and ANOVA.
Results: Average percentage of T47D cells viability increased with the decrease in the concentration of srikaya methanol fraction. Obtained IC50 value was 174.25 Âµg/ml which was quite active and potential to be developed as an anticancer drug. Methanol fraction of srikaya leaves contained secondary terpenoid metabolites, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. Flavonoid was the dominant metabolites in phytochemical tests and believed to play a major role in cytotoxic activity of srikaya leaves.
Conclusion: Methanol fraction of srikaya leaves possessed the cytotoxic effect on T47D cancer cell line through the role of flavonoid metabolites.

Keywords: srikaya, Annona squamosa, anticancer, T47D cells
The Comparison of High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen and Conventional Oxygen Therapy on Early Effect Hemodynamic Indicators in Post â€“ Upper Abdominal Surgery Patients
Authors: Sumaratih Luki , Soedono Rudyanto , Aditianingsih Dita 
Published: November 2019

Background
The effect of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) on hemodynamic data of the patients is still unknown. This was a pilot study to evaluate the effect of HFNC and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) on post-upper abdominal surgery.

Methods
This was an open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) at tertiary hospital between February-June 2019. Inclusion criteria were ASA III, aged 18-65 years, BMI 18,5-29 kg/m2. Exclusion criteria were patients with unstable hemodynamic with vasopressors, general oedema, and uncooperative. Thirty patients were recruited and divided into HFNC group (n=15) and COT group (n=15). Hemodynamic parameters were recorded using the bedside monitor (heart rate, respiratory rate, and mean arterial pressure) as well as the electrical cardiometry using ICONÂ® measurements (stroke volume index, cardiac index and systemic vascular resistance index); laboratory parameters were ScVO2 and lactate serum. Data were collected at 0, 30 and 60 minutes post-extubation.
Results
The General Linear Model (GLM) tests on clinical parameters (HR, RR and MAP) were P= 0.20; P=0.72; P = 0.18, ICONÂ® parameters (SVI, CI and SVRI) were P= 0.02;P =0.64; P =0.64 meanwhile ScVO2 and lactate were P = 0.35 and P = 0.22. Despite those results, at some period of measurements there were a tendency of a better outcomes of most parameters for the HFNC group.
Conclusion
According to the results, the only statistically significant outcome was SVI (P =0.02) after the analysis between those two groups. However, the HFNC group showed a clinically improvement of the other outcomes among post-upper abdominal surgery patients.
Keywords
High flow nasal cannula, conventional oxygen therapy, haemodynamic, abdominal surgery
Research institute for complex problems of hygiene and occupational diseases
Authors: Kislitsyna V. V. , Likontseva Yu. S. , Surzhikov D. V. , Golikov R. A. 
Published: November 2019

Objective of the work:assessment and analysis of the risk to the health of the population of Novokuznetsk from the eﬀects of atmospheric emissions from stationary sources of rail transport.Research methods:the volume of the maximum permissible emissions of the structural units of the OJSC “Russian Railways” in the city of Novokuznetsk was analyzed. The calculation of the maximum and average annual concentrations of toxic substances from each source for selected exposure points was made according to the “Methods for calculating the dispersion of emissions of harmful (polluting) substances into the atmospheric air” using the “ECO Center Standard” program. Health risks were calculated in accordance with the “Guidelines for the assessment of the public health risk when exposed to chemicals polluting the environment: “G 2.1.10.1920-04” and methodology A. P. Scherbo “Environment and health: approaches to risk assessment” were compared with acceptable values.Main results of the study:priority pollutants entering to the city’s atmosphere from stationary sources of OJSC “Russian Railways” and determining the risk of chronic intoxication are dioxide ferric, nitrogen dioxide, carbon oxide, hydroﬂuoride, sulfur dioxide. Soot as a carcinogen is not dangerous for public health. The highest total risk of chronic intoxication is observed in the area of the railway station. The greatest contribution to the formation of the risk of chronic intoxication is made by emissions from the sources of the wagon repair depot. The levels of immediate risks from exposure to all selected pollutants are zero. Determining of the levels of health risks taking into account the background concentrations of toxic substances revealed that the highest levels of immediate risks at all design points are observed from the inﬂuence of carbon oxide. The proposed activities aimed at reducing risk levels.Conclusion:stationary sources of the structural units of Russian Railways in Novokuznetsk contribute to air pollution in the city without having a signiﬁcant impact on the health of the population.
Chronic toxicity of the Iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes for white rats
Authors: Dukhnitsky V. B. , Derkach I. M. , Derkach S. S. , Fritsky I. O. , Plutenko M. O. 
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of studies of chronic toxicity of the Iron in the rare unconventional valence – IV. During long-term use of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes for white rats we have established the dynamics of the body weight of rats, the relative coefficients of mass of the internal organs, the content of hemoglobin and morphological parameters of blood, biochemical parameters of blood serum of animals of this species. The daily drinking of solution of the Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg b. w. resulted in a decrease in body weight, an increase in the relative indices of masses of liver and kidney, and a decrease in the relative indices of masses of spleen and heart on 30th day. The hemoglobin content in the blood of rats of the experimental group was less than the control indicator by 3–47% (P < 0.05), which is evidence of inhibition of its synthesis under the influence of the Iron (IV) clathrochelatе. Changes in the morphological composition of the blood were characterized by marked leukocytopenia. The use of rats of a solution of the Iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg b. w. caused the development of hypoproteinemia, hypercreatinemia and hyperurinemia. Iron(IV) clathrochelate complexes reduced alaninaminotransferase activity in the serum of rats of both experimental groups by 15–80% (P < 0.05); aspartataminotransferase activity increased significantly by day 10 and decreased by day 30; the activity of alkaline phosphatase was independent of the doses of the drug during the experimental period. The content of Calcium total, Phosphor inorganic and Iron in the serum of rats of the experimental groups was at the level of indicators in the animals of the control group. Consequently, comprehensive studies of the effects of solution of the Iron (IV) clathrochelate complexes at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg b. w. were performed for the first time with long-term administration to white rats, which revealed the main patterns of metabolic disorders and physiological functions.
Ways to improve reconnaissance in the interests of missile forces and artillery
Authors: Shuliakov Sergey , Dorofeev Nikolai 
Published: November 2019

The article describes the experience of creating automated control systems by foreign countries. Experience in controlling fire weapons and reconnaissance assets. The analysis of their interaction. Considered in detail the automated control system of field artillery of the United States of America Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFTDS).
This is an experience of creating a system of foreign countries. Experience in controlling fire weapons and reconnaissance assets. The analysis of their interaction. Considered in detail is the United States of America Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System (AFTDS). This is a multipurpose tactical information system of field artillery using mobile technology. It provides automated decision making for the functional subsystem, support for the ground forces and marines, as well as integrated operational units and united types of troops. The article describes the entire sector of the capabilities of this automated combat control system.
The article also discusses ADLER (Artillerie Daten Lage and Einsatz Rechnerverbund) Germany’s automated field artillery control system. This automated field artillery control system provides all the field artillery control capabilities from the division to the gun (mortar, MLRS, reconnaissance equipment). The unified information network unites target detection facilities, combat (fire) and fire weapons control centers (points). it makes it possible not only to process the data, but also to control the detection mode and hit targets, including the evaluation of intermediate results. Integrated systems of reconnaissance, surveillance, target definitions and their destruction are considered by military experts of the leading, militarily, countries of the world as a critical element for achieving information superiority over the enemy.
Analysis of the interaction of artillery reconnaissance forces and weapons and armaments of the leading military countries of the world provides an opportunity to study the development of weapons and military equipment to ensure the creation of an intelligence-information subsystem of artillery.