bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Findings of remote monitoring of implantable cardioverter defibrillators during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: De Larochellière Hugo , Champagne Jean , Sarrazin Jean‐François , Steinberg Christian , Philippon François , Roy Karine , Molin Franck , O'Hara Gilles , Plourde Benoit , Blier Louis , Nault Isabelle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMonitoring of cardiac implantable electronic devices was highly impacted by the COVID‐19 pandemic considering the high volume of in‐person visits for regular follow‐up. Recent recommendations highlight the important role of remote monitoring to prevent exposure to the virus. This study compared remote monitoring of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) in patients whose in‐person annual visit was substituted for a remote monitoring session with patients who were already scheduled for a remote monitoring session.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional observational study of 329 consecutive patients between 20 March and 24 April 2020. Group 1 included 131 patients whose in‐person annual visit was substituted for a remote monitoring session. Group 2 included 198 patients who underwent a remote monitoring session as scheduled in their usual device follow‐up. The time interval since the last in‐person visit was 13.3 ± 3.2 months in group 1 and 5.9 ± 1.7 months in group 2 (P < .01).ResultsIn group 1, 15 patients (11.5%) experienced a clinical event compared to 15 patients (7.6%) in group 2 (P = .25). Nineteen patients (14.5%) required a physician intervention in group 1 compared to 19 patients (9.6%) in group 2 (P = .22). Two patients (1.5%) in group 1 and four patients (2.0%) in group 2 required an early in‐person follow‐up visit during the pandemic (P > .99).ConclusionRemote monitoring of ICDs is useful to identify clinical events and allows physicians to treat patients appropriately during the COVID‐19 pandemic regardless of the time interval since their last in‐person visit. It reduces significantly in‐person visit for regular follow‐up.
Enhancing potassium content in leaves and stems improves drought tolerance of eucalyptus clones
Authors: Santos Elcio Ferreira , Mateus Nikolas Souza , Rosário Mayk Oliveira , Garcez Tiago Barreto , Mazzafera Paulo , Lavres José 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEucalyptus are widely planted in regions with low rainfall, occasioning frequent drought stresses. To alleviate the stress‐induced effects on plants growing in these environments, soil fertilization with potassium (K) may affect drought‐adaptive plant mechanisms, notably on tropical soils with low K availability. This work aimed to evaluate the K dynamic nutrition in eucalyptus in response to soil‐K and ‐water availabilities, correlating the K‐nutritional status with the physiological responses of contrasting eucalyptus clones to drought tolerance. A complete randomized design was used to investigate the effects of three water regimes (well‐watered, moderate water deficit, and severe water deficit) and two K soil supplies (sufficient and low K) on growth and physiological responses of two elite eucalyptus clones: “VM01” (Eucalyptus urophylla × camaldulensis) and “AEC 0144” (E. urophylla). Results depicted that the K‐well‐nourished E. urophylla × camaldulensis clone under severe water deficit maintained shoot biomass accumulation by upregulating the K‐content in leaves and stems, gas exchange, water‐use efficiency (WUEI), leaf water potential (Ψw), and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, compared to E. urophylla clone. Meanwhile, E. urophylla with a severe water deficit showed a decreased of K content in leaves and stem, as well as a reduction in the accumulation of dry mass. Therefore, the K‐use efficiency and the apparent electron transport rate through photosystem II were positively correlated in plants grown in low K, indicating the importance of K in maintaining leaf photochemical processes. In conclusion, management strategy should seek to enhance K‐nutrition to optimize water‐use efficiencies and photosynthesis.
An Energy Closure Criterion for Model Reduction of a Kicked Euler–Bernoulli Beam
Authors: Bhattacharyya Suparno , Cusumano Joseph P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractReduced order models (ROMs) can be simulated with lower computational cost while being more amenable to theoretical analysis. Here, we examine the performance of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), a data-driven model reduction technique. We show that the accuracy of ROMs obtained using POD depends on the type of data used and, more crucially, on the criterion used to select the number of proper orthogonal modes (POMs) used for the model. Simulations of a simply supported Euler–Bernoulli beam subjected to periodic impulsive loads are used to generate ROMs via POD, which are then simulated for comparison with the full system. We assess the accuracy of ROMs obtained using steady-state displacement, velocity, and strain fields, tuning the spatiotemporal localization of applied impulses to control the number of excited modes in, and hence the dimensionality of, the system’s response. We show that conventional variance-based mode selection leads to inaccurate models for sufficiently impulsive loading and that this poor performance is explained by the energy imbalance on the reduced subspace. Specifically, the subspace of POMs capturing a fixed amount (say, 99.9%) of the total variance underestimates the energy input and dissipated in the ROM, yielding inaccurate reduced-order simulations. This problem becomes more acute as the loading becomes more spatio-temporally localized (more impulsive). Thus, energy closure analysis provides an improved method for generating ROMs with energetics that properly reflect that of the full system, resulting in simulations that accurately represent the system’s true behavior.
On the Use of Solid Curtains Near Smoke Extraction Vents to Control Smoke Spread Resulting From Fire in Road Tunnels
Authors: Halawa Taher 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe effectiveness of the smoke control strategy plays an important role in increasing safety levels when fire accidents occur in road tunnels. This paper introduces clarifications about how the efficiency of smoke extraction control using solid curtains can be increased by placing smoke extraction vents close to the solid curtains. The effect of adding a solid curtain with different heights and at various positions relative to a smoke extraction vent was studied in this paper. A 14.3% increase in the vent flowrate occurs at the time corresponding to the fire peak heat release rate when the distance between the solid curtain and the vent is equivalent to 90% of the tunnel height and when the solid curtain height is equal to 16% of the tunnel height. High temperature and low visibility conditions occur near the solid curtain at the smoke-trapped area when the smoke curtain height exceeds 40% of the tunnel height. Using a solid curtain positioned far away from the vent with a distance equals to 90% of the tunnel height and with a height in the range from 16% to 30% of the tunnel height achieves the best results in terms of suppression of smoke spread and attaining acceptable visibility and temperature levels at the region where the smoke is trapped by the solid curtain.
Safety and efficacy of single cycle induction treatment with cisplatin/docetaxel/ durvalumab/tremelimumab in locally advanced HNSCC: first results of CheckRad-CD8
Authors: Hecht Markus , Gostian Antoniu Oreste , Eckstein Markus , Rutzner Sandra , von der Grün Jens , Illmer Thomas , Hautmann Matthias G , Klautke Gunther , Laban Simon , Brunner Thomas , Hinke Axel , Becker Ina , Frey Benjamin , Semrau Sabine , Geppert Carol I , Hartmann Arndt , Balermpas Panagiotis , Budach Wilfried , Gaipl Udo S , Iro Heinrich , Fietkau Rainer 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundTo determine safety and efficacy of single cycle induction treatment with cisplatin/docetaxel and durvalumab/tremelimumab in stage III-IVB head and neck cancer.MethodsPatients received a single cycle of cisplatin 30 mg/m² on days 1–3 and docetaxel 75 mg/m² on day 1 combined with durvalumab 1500 mg fix dose on day 5 and tremelimumab 75 mg fix dose on day 5. Patients with pathologic complete response (pCR) in the rebiopsy after induction treatment or at least 20% increase of intratumoral CD8+ cell density in the rebiopsy compared with baseline entered radioimmunotherapy with concomitant durvalumab/tremelimumab. The objective of this interim analysis was to analyze safety and efficacy of the chemoimmunotherapy-induction treatment before radioimmunotherapy.ResultsA total of 57 patients were enrolled, 56 were treated. Median pretreatment intratumoral CD8+ cell density was 342 cells/mm². After induction treatment, 27 patients (48%) had a pCR in the rebiopsy and further 25 patients (45%) had a relevant increase of intratumoral CD8+ cells (median increase by a factor of 3.0). Adverse event (AE) grade 3–4 appeared in 38 patients (68%) and mainly consisted of leukopenia (43%) and infections (29%). Six patients (11%) developed grade 3–4 immune-related AE. Univariate analysis computed p16 positivity, programmed death ligand 1 immune cell area and intratumoral CD8+ cell density as predictors of pCR. On multivariable analysis, intratumoral CD8+ cell density predicted pCR independently (OR 1.0012 per cell/mm², 95% CI 1.0001 to 1.0022, p=0.016). In peripheral blood CD8+ cells, the coexpression of programmed death protein 1 significantly increased especially in patients with pCR.ConclusionsSingle cycle induction treatment with cisplatin/docetaxel and durvalumab/tremelimumab is feasible and achieves a high biopsy-proven pCR rate.
Solitary states in adaptive nonlocal oscillator networks
Authors: Berner Rico , Polanska Alicja , Schöll Eckehard , Yanchuk Serhiy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article, we analyze a nonlocal ring network of adaptively coupled phase oscillators. We observe a variety of frequency-synchronized states such as phase-locked, multicluster and solitary states. For an important subclass of the phase-locked solutions, the rotating waves, we provide a rigorous stability analysis. This analysis shows a strong dependence of their stability on the coupling structure and the wavenumber which is a remarkable difference to an all-to-all coupled network. Despite the fact that solitary states have been observed in a plethora of dynamical systems, the mechanisms behind their emergence were largely unaddressed in the literature. Here, we show how solitary states emerge due to the adaptive feature of the network and classify several bifurcation scenarios in which these states are created and stabilized.
Fast and simple Lyapunov Exponents estimation in discontinuous systems
Authors: Balcerzak M. , Sagan T. , Dabrowski A. , Stefanski A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTypically, to estimate the whole spectrum ofnLyapunov Exponents (LEs), it is necessary to integratenperturbations and to orthogonalize them. Recently it has been shown that complexity of calculations can be reduced for smooth systems: integration of (n-1) perturbations is sufficient. In this paper authors demonstrate how this simplified approach can be adopted to non-smooth or discontinuous systems. Apart from the reduced complexity, the assets of the presented approach are simplicity and ease of implementation. The paper starts with a short review of properties of LEs and methods of their estimation for smooth and non-smooth systems. Then, the algorithm of reduced complexity for smooth systems is shortly introduced. Its adaptation to non-smooth systems is described in details. Application of the method is presented for an impact oscillator. Implementation of the novel algorithm is comprehensively explained. Results of simulations are presented and validated. It is expected that the presented method can simplify investigations of non-smooth dynamical systems and support research in this field.
Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Quality of Life of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Guo Dengjun , Han Bing , Lu Yuqiang , Lv Chenling , Fang Xiaoling , Zhang Zhenzhong , Liu Zhenguo , Wang Xiaoping 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. This study investigated the influence of lockdown during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the quality of life of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods. We conducted a questionnaire survey involving 113 patients with PD from Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. During the epidemic prevention and control period (February 1 to March 31, 2020), patients enrolled were asked to fill out questionnaires, including the “COVID-19 Questionnaire for PD Patients during the Period of Epidemic Prevention and Control” and “39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39).” During the phase of gradual release of epidemic prevention and control (April 1 to April 30, 2020), all patients were followed up again, and PDQ-39 questionnaires were completed. Results. The quality of life for patients during the period of epidemic prevention and control was worse than that after epidemic prevention and control (

P

< 0.001). The biggest problem that they faced was that they could not receive their doctor’s advice or guidance regularly. The quality of life of patients who had difficulty getting doctors’ guidance or those who changed their routine medication due to lockdown was even worse. Telemedicine was quite effective and efficient for patients to get doctors’ guidance during lockdown. Conclusions. The inconvenient treatment during the pandemic directly caused the aggravation of patients’ symptoms and the decline in their quality of life. It is suggested that social media (such as WeChat or Tencent QQ) are used for regular interactions and follow-up appointments for patients with inconvenient medical treatment.
Stromal SNAI2 Is Required for ERBB2 Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Blanco-Gómez Adrián , Hontecillas-Prieto Lourdes , Corchado-Cobos Roberto , García-Sancha Natalia , Salvador Nélida , Castellanos-Martín Andrés , Sáez-Freire María del Mar , Mendiburu-Eliçabe Marina , Alonso-López Diego , De Las Rivas Javier , Lorente Mar , García-Casas Ana , Del Carmen Sofía , Abad-Hernández María del Mar , Cruz-Hernández Juan Jesús , Rodríguez-Sánchez César Augusto , Claros-Ampuero Juncal , García-Cenador Begoña , García-Criado Javier , Orimo Akira , Gridley Thomas , Pérez-Losada Jesús , Castillo-Lluva Sonia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSNAI2 overexpression appears to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, yet it remains unclear in which breast cancer subtypes this occurs. Here we show that excess SNAI2 is associated with a poor prognosis of luminal B HER2+/ERBB2+ breast cancers in which SNAI2 expression in the stroma but not the epithelium correlates with tumor proliferation. To determine how stromal SNAI2 might influence HER2+ tumor behavior, Snai2-deficient mice were crossed with a mouse line carrying the ErbB2/Neu protooncogene to generate HER2+/ERBB2+ breast cancer. Tumors generated in this model expressed SNAI2 in the stroma but not the epithelium, allowing for the role of stromal SNAI2 to be studied without interference from the epithelial compartment. The absence of SNAI2 in the stroma of HER2+/ERBB2+ tumors is associated with: (i) lower levels of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and reduced tumor epithelium proliferation; (ii) higher levels of AKT and a lower incidence of metastasis; (iii) lower levels of angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2), and more necrosis. Together, these results indicate that the loss of SNAI2 in cancer-associated fibroblasts limits the production of some cytokines, which influences AKT/ERK tumor signaling and subsequent proliferative and metastatic capacity of ERBB2+ breast cancer cells. Accordingly, SNAI2 expression in the stroma enhanced the tumorigenicity of luminal B HER2+/ERBB2+ breast cancers. This work emphasizes the importance of stromal SNAI2 in breast cancer progression and patients' prognosis.Significance:Stromal SNAI2 expression enhances the tumorigenicity of luminal B HER2+ breast cancers and can identify a subset of patients with poor prognosis, making SNAI2 a potential therapeutic target for this disease.
Hypoxia Alters the Response to Anti-EGFR Therapy by Regulating EGFR Expression and Downstream Signaling in a DNA Methylation–Specific and HIF-Dependent Manner
Authors: Mamo Mahelet , Ye I. Chae , DiGiacomo Josh W. , Park Je Yeon , Downs Bradley , Gilkes Daniele M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Intratumoral hypoxia occurs in 90% of solid tumors and is associated with a poor prognosis for patients. Cancer cells respond to hypoxic microenvironments by activating the transcription factors, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) and HIF2. Here, we studied the unique gene expression patterns of 31 different breast cancer cell lines exposed to hypoxic conditions. The EGFR, a member of the ErbB (avian erythroblastosis oncogene B) family of receptors that play a role in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis, was induced in seven of the 31 breast cancer cell lines by hypoxia. A functional hypoxia response element (HRE) was identified, which is activated upon HIF1 binding to intron 18 of the EGFR gene in cell lines in which EGFR was induced by hypoxia. CpG methylation of the EGFR HRE prevented induction under hypoxic conditions. The HRE of EGFR was methylated in normal breast tissue and some breast cancer cell lines, and could be reversed by treatment with DNA methyltransferase inhibitors. Induction of EGFR under hypoxia led to an increase in AKT, ERK, and Rb phosphorylation as well as increased levels of cyclin D1, A, B1, and E2F, and repression of p21 in an HIF1α-dependent manner, leading to cell proliferation and migration. Also, increased EGFR expression sensitized cells to EGFR inhibitors. Collectively, our data suggest that patients with hypoxic breast tumors and hypomethylated EGFR status may benefit from EGFR inhibitors currently used in the clinic.

Significance:
Hypoxia sensitizes breast cancer cells to EGFR inhibitors in an HIF1α- and a methylation-specific manner, suggesting patients with hypoxic tumors may benefit from EGFR inhibitors already available in the clinic.
Transcriptional Subtypes Resolve Tumor Heterogeneity and Identify Vulnerabilities to MEK Inhibition in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Daemen Anneleen , Cooper Jonathan E. , Myrta Szymon , Wongchenko Matthew J. , Lin Eva , Long Jason E. , Foreman Oded , Modrusan Zora , Tremayne Jarrod R. , de la Cruz Cecile C. , Merchant Mark , Martin Scott E. , Yan Yibing , Junttila Melissa R. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Lung adenocarcinomas comprise the largest fraction of non–small cell lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Seventy-five percent of adenocarcinomas lack targeted therapies because of scarcity of druggable drivers. Here, we classified tumors on the basis of signaling similarities and discovered subgroups within this unmet patient population.

Experimental Design:
We leveraged transcriptional data from &gt;800 early- and advanced-stage patients.

Results:
We identified three robust subtypes dubbed mucinous, proliferative, and mesenchymal with respective pathway phenotypes. These transcriptional states lack discrete and causative mutational etiology as evidenced by similarly distributed oncogenic drivers, including KRAS and EGFR. The subtypes capture heterogeneity even among tumors lacking known oncogenic drivers. Paired multi-regional intratumoral biopsies demonstrated unified subtypes despite divergently evolved prooncogenic mutations, indicating subtype stability during selective pressure. Heterogeneity among in vitro and in vivo preclinical models is expounded by the human lung adenocarcinoma subtypes and can be leveraged to discover subtype-specific vulnerabilities. As proof of concept, we identified differential subtype response to MEK pathway inhibition in a chemical library screen of 89 lung cancer cell lines, which reproduces across model systems and a clinical trial.

Conclusions:
Our findings support forward translational relevance of transcriptional subtypes, where further exploration therein may improve lung adenocarcinoma treatment.
See related commentary by Skoulidis, p. 913
QoS controlled capacity offload optimization in heterogeneous networks
Authors: Thiagarajah Siva Priya , Alias Mohamad Yusoff , Tan Wooi-Nee 
Published: October 2020

An efficient resource allocation mechanism in the physical layer of wireless networks ensures that resources such as bandwidth and power are used with high efficiency in spite of low delay and high edge user data rate. Microcells in the network are typically set with bias settings to artificially increase the Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio, thus encouraging users to offload to the microcell. However, the artificial bias settings are tedious and often suboptimal. This work presents a low complexity algorithm for maximization of network capacity with load balancing in a heterogeneous network without the need for bias setting. The small cells were deployed in a grid topology at a selected distance from macrocell to enhance network capacity through coverage overlap. User association and minimum user throughput were incorporated as constraints to enable closer simulation to real word Quality of Service requirements. The results showed that the proposed algorithm was able to maintain less than 10% user drop rate. The proposed algorithm can increase user confidence as well as maintain load balancing, maintain the scalability, and reduce power consumption of the wireless network.
ДО ПИТАННЯ ПРОФІЛАКТИЧНОЇ СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНОЇ РОБОТИ СІМЕЙНИХ ЛІКАРІВ СЕРЕД ДИТЯЧОГО НАСЕЛЕННЯ (ЗА РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМИ СОЦІОЛОГІЧНОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ)
Authors: Pishkovtsi A-M. M. 
Published: October 2020

Мета: дослідити діяльність лікарів загальної практики – сімейних лікарів зі збереження стоматологічного здоров’я дітей.
Матеріали і методи. Використано такі методи дослідження: соціологічний, статистичний, структурно-логічного аналізу. Матеріалами дослідження слугували результати проведеного за спеціально розробленою анкетою серед 254 лікарів загальної практики – сімейних лікарів соціологічного дослідження, які працюють в Закарпатській області.
Результати. Встановлено, що (59,8±2,5) % опитаних не проходили навчання з питань надання медичної стоматологічної допомоги дітям. Рівень особистих теоретичних знань з питань збереження стоматологічного здоров’я дітей як достатній оцінило (48,8±2,5) % респондентів, рівень особистих практичних навичок як достатній оцінило (42,1±2,5) % опитаних сімейних лікарів. На робочому місці наявні інструменти, які необхідні для проведення профілактичного стоматологічного огляду дітей, в (32,3±2,3) % опитаних сімейних лікарів, стоматологічний кабінет є у (15,3±1,8) % закладів, у яких працюють респонденти, (4,3±1,0) % шкіл мають стоматологічні кабінети. Профілактичні стоматологічні огляди дітей дошкільного віку проводять (51,6±2,5) % опитаних лікарів та (62,6±2,4) % – профілактичні огляди дітей шкільного віку. Із усіх респондентів (8,2±1,4) % при виявленні патології не направляє дітей до лікаря-стоматолога, а (13,2±1,7) % не контролює результати санації порожнини рота у дітей та (42,1±2,5) % контролює їх вибірково. Індивідуальні бесіди з батьками з питань збереження стоматологічного здоров’я дітей проводять (52,8±2,5) % респондентів, а (47,2±2,5) % опитаних вважає це функцією лікаря-стоматолога дитячого. (93,7±1,2) % опитаних сімейних лікарів мають бажання отримати комплексну інформацію про забезпечення гігієни порожнини рота у дітей та про правила догляду за зубами. Бажаними джерелами отримання інформації є одержання методичних рекомендацій – (83,9±1,9) %, проведення практичних занять з лікарем-стоматологом – (40,2±2,5) %, спеціальні тренінги – (35,8±2,4) %.
Висновки. У ході соціологічного дослідження встановлено недостатній рівень теоретичної та практичної підготовки сімейних лікарів та їх ресурсної бази до проведення профілактичної роботи серед дітей зі збереження їхнього стоматологічного здоров’я.
За результатами соціологічного дослідження встановлено, що рівень профілактичної роботи сімейних лікарів зі збереження стоматологічного здоров’я дітей є низьким і часто формальним.