bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of adsorptive granulomonocytapheresis in Chinese patients with ulcerative colitis: A retrospective analysis of 50 cases with focus on factors impacting clinical efficacy
Authors: Li Na , Mao Jingwei , Tang Haiying , Zhu Lei , Tan Xiaoyan , Bi Jian , Wu Hao , Chen Xiuli , Wang Yingde 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMyeloid‐derived leucocytes, a major source of inflammatory cytokines, play an important role in the exacerbation of ulcerative colitis (UC). Selective depletion of myeloid leucocytes by adsorptive granulomonocytapheresis (GMA) with an Adacolumn should alleviate inflammation and promote remission. However, there are discrepancies among the reported efficacy outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GMA in UC patients with a focus on factors affecting clinical efficacy.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 50 patients with active UC who had received GMA therapy. GMA efficacy was evaluated based on the Rachmilewitz's clinical activity index (CAI) and Mayo endoscopic score for mucosal healing. Laboratory findings were analyzed to demonstrate any relationship with the GMA‐responder or nonresponder feature. Adverse events were recorded during and after GMA therapy.ResultsThe overall clinical remission rate (CAI ≤4) was 79.2%, and among these, the mucosal healing rate was 59.2%. The clinical remission rate was 69.2% in patients who received 5 GMA sessions and 82.3% in patients who received 10 sessions. Significantly higher baseline CAIs and lower albumin and hemoglobin levels were observed in nonremission cases compared with those who achieved remission. Four patients (8%) experienced transient adverse events, but none were severe.ConclusionsGMA was favored by patients because of its safety and nonpharmacological treatment options. Accordingly, UC patients were spared from pharmaceuticals after applying GMA therapy.
MicroRNA‐29a‐3p regulates abdominal aortic aneurysm development and progression via direct interaction with PTEN
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Wang Meigui , Zhang Jing , Xu Peng , Wang Haitao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVarious research studies have been conducted in deducing the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis and physiological processes of various systematic diseases. This study aims at demonstration of the important role played by miR‐29a‐3p, through association with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), in the regulation of abdominal aortic aneurysm development and progression. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) examined miRNA‐19a‐3p and PMEPA1 expression in multiplied vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Cell transfection upregulated or downregulated the genes and cell counting kit‐8 assay determined cellular viability. RT‐qPCR detected cellular proliferation and cell death using the cell proliferation and apoptosis biomarkers Ki87 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, caspase‐8 and caspase‐3, respectively. Furthermore, luciferase assay analyzed the luciferase activity and western blot analysis determined miRNA‐19a‐3p and PMEPA1 protein expression in proliferation and apoptosis biomarkers. TargetScan 4.2 online software (www.targetscan.org) was used to perform the bioinformatics analysis so as to forecast the putative targets of miR‐29a‐3p and PTEN. The results inferred that there was an increased expression of miRNA‐29a‐3p found in AAA‐mimic cells with increased cellular viability and significant pathological apoptosis. Further, when the expression of miRNA‐29a‐3p was downregulated, it reduced the cell viability of AAA cells. On the basis of the gene interplays, it can be understood that the PTEN was directly targeted by miRNA‐29a‐3p so as to regulate the AAA progression. Thus, PTEN was found to strengthen the proliferation effect of miRNA‐29a‐3p in AAA cells. The current study thus shed more insights about the molecular mechanistic roles of miRNA‐29a‐3p and PTEN, opening doors for novel therapeutic approach to AAA.
3D printed locking osteosynthesis screw threads have comparable strength to machined or hand‐tapped screw threads
Authors: MacLeod Alisdair , Patterson Michael , MacTear Kate , Gill Harinderjit Singh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAdditive manufacturing, aka three dimensional (3D) printing, is increasingly being used for personalized orthopedic implants. Additively manufactured components normally undergo further processing, in particular 3D printed locking osteosynthesis plates require post‐printing screw thread creation. The aim of this study was to compare 3D printed threads with machined and hand‐tapped threads for a locking plate application. Pushout tests were performed on 115 additively manufactured specimens with tapered screw holes; additive manufacture was performed at 0°, 20°, 45°, or 90° build orientations. The screw holes were either machined, hand‐tapped or 3D printed. The 3D printed screw holes were left as printed, or run through with a tap lubricated with water or with thread cutting oil. Printed threads run through using oil, with a build orientation of 90°, had comparable pushout force (median: 6377 N 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5616‐7739 N) to machined (median: 6757 N; 95% CI: 6682‐7303 N) and hand‐tapped (median: 7805 N; 95% CI: 7154‐7850 N) threads. As printed threads and those run through using water had significantly lower pushout forces. This study shows for the first time that 3D printed screw threads for a locking osteosynthesis plate application have comparable strength to traditionally produced screw threads.
RNA‐Seq transcriptomic analyses of Antrodia camphorata to determine antroquinonol and antrodin C biosynthetic mechanisms in the in situ extractive fermentation
Authors: Liu Xiaofeng , Xia Yongjun , Zhang Yao , Sang Kunkun , Xiong Zhiqiang , Wang Guangqiang , Liu Xinxin , Ai Lianzhong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn situ extractive fermentation (ISEF) is an important technique for improving metabolite productivity. The different extractants can induce the synthesis of different bioactive metabolites of Antrodia camphorata during ISEF. However, a lack of research on the molecular genetics of A. camphorata during ISEF currently hinders such studies on metabolite biosynthetic mechanisms.RESULTSTo clarify the differentially expressed genes during ISEF, the gene transcriptional expression features of A. camphorata S‐29 were analysed. The addition of n‐tetradecane as an extractant during ISEF showed more pronounced up‐regulation of ubiquinone and other terpenoid‐quinone biosynthesis pathway genes (CoQ2, wrbA and ARO8). When oleic acid was used as an extractant, the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and ubiquinone and other terpenoid‐quinone biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched, and genes (IDI, E2.3.3.10, HMGCR atoB, and CoQ2) related to these two pathways were also significantly up‐regulated. The CoQ2 genes encode puru‐hydroxybenzoate:polyprenyltransferase, playing an important role in antroquinonol synthesis. The IDI, E2.3.3.10, HMGCR and atoB genes of the terpenoid backbone biosynthesis pathway might play an important role in the synthesis of the triquine‐type sesquiterpene antrodin C.CONCLUSIONThis investigation advances our understanding of how two different extractants of n‐tetradecane and oleic acid affect the biosynthesis of metabolites in A. camphorata. It is beneficial to provide potential strategies for improving antrodin C and antroquinonol production by genetic means. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Seminal Plasma, Sperm Membrane Proteins, and Seminal Extracellular Vesicles Suggests Vesicular Mechanisms Aid in the Removal and Addition of Proteins to the Ram Sperm Membrane
Authors: Leahy Tamara , Rickard Jessica P. , Pini Taylor , Gadella Bart M. , de Graaf Simon P. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQuantitative proteomic studies are contributing greatly to the understanding of the spermatozoon through the provision of detailed information on the proteins spermatozoa acquire and shed in the acquisition of fertility. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are thought to aid in the delivery of proteins to spermatozoa in the male reproductive tract. The aim of this study is to isolate, identify and quantify EV proteins isolated from ram seminal plasma. Ram sperm plasma membrane proteins are also isolated using nitrogen cavitation and identified to better understand the interplay of proteins between the sperm membrane and extracellular environment. The categorization of proteins enriched in the EV population according to their function revealed three main groupings: vesicle biogenesis, metabolism, and membrane adhesion and remodeling. The latter group contains many reproduction‐specific proteins that show demonstrable links to sperm fertility. Many of these membrane‐bound proteins show testicular expression and are shed from the sperm surface during epididymal maturation (e.g., testis expressed 101; TEX101 and lymphocyte Antigen 6 Family Member K; LY6K). Their association with seminal EVs suggests that EVs may not only deliver protein cargo to spermatozoa but also assist in the removal of proteins from the sperm membrane.
Fabrication and Characterization of N−TiO2/C/ATP Composite with Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Performance for the Degradation of Polyacrylamide in Wastewater
Authors: Zhu Pengfei , Xie Lisi , Duan Ming , Hu Min , Xu Jing , Wang Ruoxu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA novel N−TiO2/C/attapulgite (N−TiO2/C/ATP) composite photocatalyst was prepared by sol‐gel method using ATP supported o‐phenanthroline modified TiO2. The as‐prepared samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), ultraviolet‐visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV‐vis DRS) and N2 adsorption–desorption measurements. The activity of these photocatalysts was tested by degrading polyacrylamide (PAM) under visible light irradiation while N−TiO2/C/ATP shows significant photocatalytic enhancement compared to pure TiO2. The optimal ratio of N−TiO2/C/ATP photocatalyst is n (TiO2): n (o‐phenanthroline)=20 : 1 and the m (N−TiO2/C): m (ATP)=1 : 1. When the initial concentration of PAM is 300 mg/L and the catalyst dosage is 1.5 g/L, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) reaches 86.3 % at pH 2 under 2 h of visible light. The enhanced performance can be attributed to the C element in o‐phenanthroline is modified on the TiO2 surface as a surface sensitizer and the N element may enter anatase TiO2 lattice and replace to form O−Ti−N bond. Meanwhile, some TiO2 particles were permeated into the layer of ATP, which made the composite photocatalyst more stable and the N−TiO2/C/ATP composite exhibits good stability after three times recycling. In addition, the possible photocatalytic mechanism is proposed at the end.
In vivo imaging of CNS microglial activation/macrophage infiltration with combined [18F]DPA-714-PET and SPIO-MRI in a mouse model of relapsing remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Coda A. R. , Anzilotti S. , Boscia F. , Greco A. , Panico M. , Gargiulo S. , Gramanzini M. , Zannetti A. , Albanese S. , Pignataro G. , Annunziato L. , Salvatore M. , Brunetti A. , De Berardinis P. , Quarantelli Mario , Palma G. , Pappatà Sabina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the feasibility and sensitivity of multimodality PET/CT and MRI imaging for non-invasive characterization of brain microglial/macrophage activation occurring during the acute phase in a mouse model of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) using [18F]DPA-714, a selective radioligand for the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO), and ex vivo immunohistochemistry.MethodsExperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in female SJL/J mice by immunization with PLP139–151. Seven symptomatic EAE mice and five controls underwent both PET/CT and MRI studies between 11 and 14 days post-immunization. SPIO was injected i.v. in the same animals immediately after [18F]DPA-714 and MRI acquisition was performed after 24 h. Regional brain volumes were defined according to a mouse brain atlas on co-registered PET and SPIO-MRI images. [18F]DPA-714 standardized uptake value (SUV) ratios (SUVR), with unaffected neocortex as reference, and SPIO fractional volumes (SPIO-Vol) were generated. Both SUVR and SPIO-Vol values were correlated with the clinical score (CS) and among them. Five EAE and four control mice underwent immunohistochemical analysis with the aim of identifying activated microglia/macrophage and TSPO expressions.ResultsSUVR and SPIO-Vol values were significantly increased in EAE compared with controls in the hippocampus (p < 0.01;p < 0.02, respectively), thalamus (p < 0.02;p < 0.05, respectively), and cerebellum and brainstem (p < 0.02), while only SPIO-Vol was significantly increased in the caudate/putamen (p < 0.05). Both SUVR and SPIO-Vol values were positively significantly correlated with CS and among them in the same regions. TSPO/Iba1 and F4/80/Prussian blue staining immunohistochemistry suggests that increased activated microglia/macrophages underlay TSPO expression and SPIO uptake in symptomatic EAE mice.ConclusionsThese preliminary results suggest that both activated microglia and infiltrated macrophages are present in vulnerable brain regions during the acute phase of PLP-EAE and contribute to disease severity. Both [18F]DPA-714-PET and SPIO-MRI appear suitable modalities for preclinical study of neuroinflammation in MS mice models.
Consensus Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Neonatal Intestinal Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society Recommendations
Authors: Brindle Mary E. , McDiarmid Caraline , Short Kristin , Miller Kathleen , MacRobie Ali , Lam Jennifer Y. K. , Brockel Megan , Raval Mehul V. , Howlett Alexandra , Lee Kyong‐Soon , Offringa Martin , Wong Kenneth , de Beer David , Wester Tomas , Skarsgard Erik D. , Wales Paul W. , Fecteau Annie , Haliburton Beth , Goobie Susan M. , Nelson Gregg 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundEnhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society guidelines integrate evidence‐based practices into multimodal care pathways that have improved outcomes in multiple adult surgical specialties. There are currently no pediatric ERAS® Society guidelines. We created an ERAS® guideline designed to enhance quality of care in neonatal intestinal resection surgery.MethodsA multidisciplinary guideline generation group defined the scope, population, and guideline topics. Systematic reviews were supplemented by targeted searching and expert identification to identify 3514 publications that were screened to develop and support recommendations. Final recommendations were determined through consensus and were assessed for evidence quality and recommendation strength. Parental input was attained throughout the process.ResultsFinal recommendations ranged from communication strategies to antibiotic use. Topics with poor‐quality and conflicting evidence were eliminated. Several recommendations were combined. The quality of supporting evidence was variable. Seventeen final recommendations are included in the proposed guideline.DiscussionWe have developed a comprehensive, evidence‐based ERAS guideline for neonates undergoing intestinal resection surgery. This guideline, and its creation process, provides a foundation for future ERAS guideline development and can ultimately lead to improved perioperative care across a variety of pediatric surgical specialties.
Unstable Hemodynamics is not Always Predictive of Failed Nonoperative Management in Blunt Splenic Injury
Authors: Liao Chien‐An , Kuo Ling‐Wei , Wu Yu‐Tung , Liao Chien‐Hung , Cheng Chi‐Tung , Wang Shang‐Yu , Hsieh Chi‐Hsun , Bajani Francesco , Fu Chih‐Yuan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe advanced technology of interventional radiology may contribute to a rapid and timely angioembolization for hemostasis. We hypothesized that unstable hemodynamics is no longer an absolute contraindication of nonoperative management (NOM) in blunt splenic injury patients using rapid angioembolization.MethodsFrom January 2009 to December 2019, blunt splenic injury patients with unstable hemodynamics [initial pulse >120 beats/min or systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg] were included. Either emergency surgery or angioembolization was performed for hemostasis because of their unstable status. The characteristics of patients who underwent angioembolization or surgery were compared in each group (all patients, patients with hypotension, patients without response to resuscitation and hypotensive patients without response to resuscitation).ResultsA total of 73 patients were included in the current study. With respect to all patients, 68.5% (N = 50) of patients underwent NOM with angioembolization for hemostasis. Patients who underwent angioembolization for hemostasis had a significantly lower base deficit (5.3 ± 3.8 vs. 8.3 ± 5.2 mmol/L, p = 0.006) and a higher proportion of response to resuscitation (82.0% vs. 30.4%, p < 0.001) than did patients who underwent surgery. However, there was no significant difference in the proportion of hypotension (58.0% vs. 65.2%, p = 0.558) between these two groups. There were 44 patients with hypotension, and the angioembolization could be performed in 65.9% (N = 29) of them. Patients who underwent angioembolization had a significantly higher proportion of response to resuscitation than did patients who underwent surgery (89.7% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.001). In hypotensive patients without response to resuscitation (N = 13), 23.1% (N = 3) of the patients underwent angioembolization successfully. There was no significant difference in time to hemostasis procedure between patients who underwent angioembolization or surgery (24.7 ± 2.1 vs. 26.3 ± 16.7 min, p = 0.769). The demographics, vital signs, blood transfusion amount, injury severity, mortality rate and length of stay of patients who underwent angioembolization were not significantly different from patients who underwent surgery in each group.ConclusionsWith a short preparation time of angioembolization, the NOM could be performed selectively for hemodynamically unstable patients with blunt splenic injury. The base deficit serves as an early detector of the requirement of surgical treatment.
Incorporation of root-derived carbon into soil microarthropods varies between cropping systems
Authors: Li Zhipeng , Scheunemann Nicole , Potapov Anton M. , Shi Lingling , Pausch Johanna , Scheu Stefan , Pollierer Melanie M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs the dynamics and magnitude of rhizodeposition vary considerably among cropping systems, we investigated effects of cropping system on the incorporation of root-derived carbon (C) into Collembola, a dominant taxon of soil microarthropods. In the field, we used13CO2to pulse label a crop monoculture (oilseed rape,Brassica napusL.), a mixed-grass community (dominated byLolium perenneL. mixed with cloverTrifolium repensL.), and a tree plantation (willow,Salix schweriniiE.L. Wolf andSalix viminalisL.). During 28 days, the incorporation of13C was traced in nine species of Collembola including epedaphic (surface-dwelling), hemiedaphic (litter-dwelling), and euedaphic (soil-dwelling) functional groups. Incorporation of13C into Collembola reached a plateau before day 3 after the labeling in grass and willow, but increased up to day 14 in rape. While euedaphic Collembola incorporated less root-derived C than epedaphic and hemiedaphic Collembola in rape and willow, the incorporation of13C was similar among functional groups in grass. Differential incorporation of13C in euedaphic species points to niche differentiation within the same functional group. Our findings highlight that cropping system not only affects the flux of root C into soil mesofauna, being slower in rape than in grass and willow, but also the utilization of root-derived resources by functional groups and species of Collembola. The results indicate that pronounced differences in belowground C inputs between cropping systems affect microbivores as basal species and thereby soil food webs and their functioning and services.
Das Entlassmanagement deutscher Krankenhäuser für kognitiv beeinträchtigte, ältere Menschen – ein Scoping Review
Authors: Schumacher-Schönert F. , Wucherer D. , Nikelski A. , Kreisel S. , Vollmar H. C. , Hoffmann W. , Thyrian J. R. 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundIn deutschen Krankenhäusern sind etwa 40 % aller Patienten über 65 Jahre kognitiv beeinträchtigt. Für diese ist es besonders wichtig, dass die Überleitung in die Häuslichkeit möglichst bruchlos und vollumfänglich bedarfsgerecht organisiert ist.Ziel der ArbeitZiel der Arbeit ist es, einen systematischen Überblick über Evidenz des Entlassmanagements (EM) bei Menschen mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen (MmkB) oder Demenz (MmD) zu geben. Ferner soll geprüft werden, ob sich, darauf aufbauend, die Notwendigkeit eines sektorenübergreifenden Konzeptes ergibt.Material und MethodenAnhand eines Scoping Review wurdenn = 102 Publikationen identifiziert, von denenn = 6 in die Analysen eingingen.ErgebnisseDer Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die aktuelle Versorgung von MmkB in deutschen Akutkrankenhäusern. Generelle Informationen zum EM im Krankenhaus wurden in 3 der 6 eingeschlossenen Arbeiten gegeben. Informationen zu einem speziellen Entlass- und Versorgungsmanagement für MmkB und MmD waren in 5 von 6 Arbeiten enthalten.DiskussionDer Artikel illustriert bestehende Versorgungslücken von älteren MmkB an der Schnittstelle des Entlassmanagements und zeigt die Notwendigkeit neuer Versorgungsmodelle. Inwieweit diese strukturell, prozessual und systemisch in die Regelversorgung eingebettet und finanziert werden können, ist bislang offen und unerforscht.
Neural basis of shame and guilt experience in women with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Göttlich Martin , Westermair Anna Lisa , Beyer Frederike , Bußmann Marie Luise , Schweiger Ulrich , Krämer Ulrike M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by instability of affect, emotion dysregulation, and interpersonal dysfunction. Especially shame and guilt, so-called self-conscious emotions, are of central clinical relevance to BPD. However, only few experimental studies have focused on shame or guilt in BPD and none investigated their neurobiological underpinnings. In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we took a scenario-based approach to experimentally induce feelings of shame, guilt, and disgust with neutral scenarios as control condition. We included 19 women with BPD (age 26.4 ± 5.8 years; DSM-IV diagnosed; medicated) and 22 healthy female control subjects (age 26.4 ± 4.6 years; matched for age and verbal IQ). Compared to controls, women with BPD reported more intense feelings when being confronted with affective scenarios, especially higher levels of shame, guilt, and fear. We found increased amygdala reactivity in BPD compared to controls for shame and guilt, but not for disgust scenarios (p = 0.05 FWE corrected at the cluster level; p < 0.0001 cluster defining threshold). Exploratory analyses showed that this was caused by a diminished habituation in women with BPD relative to control participants. This effect was specific to guilt and shame scenarios as both groups showed amygdala habituation to disgust scenarios. Our work suggests that heightened shame and guilt experience in BPD is not related to increased amygdala activity per se, but rather to decreased habituation to self-conscious emotions. This provides an explanation for the inconsistencies in previous imaging work on amygdala involvement in BPD as well as the typically slow progress in the psychotherapy of dysfunctional self-conscious emotions in this patient group.