bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RGB-D sensor application for static anthropometry measurement
Authors: Jamil A , Herodian S , Saulia L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to apply the RGB-D sensor for other alternative static anthropometric measurements. The RGB-D sensor that was used is Kinect Xbox 360 from Microsoft. The study was conducted by running the RGB-D sensor activation program so that it can detect static anthropometric measurements which include height, sitting height, leg length, knee length, hand length, forearm length, shoulder width and hip width. After the system run, the sensor captured objects that can be detected and then become input from the program and produce RGB data and depth (depth) and then processed again to get skeletal tracking. Skeletal tracking obtained if the sensor detects human presence. From the results of this skeletal tracking, the program can produce length data from each body part measured. Information processing results shown on the monitor screen in the form of units of length in centimeters (cm). The research results showed that from 110 anthropometric data that have been taken with this measurement system, the system showed the total absolute absolute error of 2.71%. Error for each antropometry measurement are height 2.53%, knee length 2.94%, foot length 2.97%, shoulder width 2.47%, hand length 2.16%, arm length 2.46%, hip width 2.67%, and sitting height 3.45%. From the results of regression analysis, the average correlation value between the actual value and the system value are 0.91 so that the results of the sensor measurements can be accepted. Can be concluded that the use of the Kinect sensor for anthropometric measurements can be used for anthropometric measurements.
Mist blower performance for liquid fertilizing on eggplant vertical culture cultivation system
Authors: Pramuhadi G , Sidik AJ 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The objective of the research was to test the performance of two types of knapsack mist blowers for liquid fertilizing on eggplant vertical culture cultivation system. The research was conducted from March to June 2019 at the Sprayer Laboratory, Leuwikopo, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, to determine parameters of droplet diameter, droplet density, effective spraying width, and effective spraying debit. The research was also conducted on the field of Siswadhi Soepardjo Field Laboratory, Leuwikopo, to determine the harvested weight of eggplants. Spraying tools and material were knapsack mist blower type A (Shandong 3WF-3), knapsack mist blower type B (Tasco MD-160), and liquid fertilizer. Results of the research showed that mist blower type A had less wind speed and more nozzle vanes number than mist blower type B so that it influenced their liquid fertilizing performances. Mist blower type A produced smaller or finer droplet diameter, larger droplet density, and smaller effective spraying debit than mist blower type B, whereas mist blower type B produced larger effective spraying width than mist blower type A. Mist blower type A and type B produced droplet diameter, droplet density, effective spraying width, and effective spraying debit were 301.51 micronmeter, 64.63 droplet cm−2, 64 cm, and 2.37 liter min−1, and 331.12 micrometer, 181.28 droplet cm−2, 72 cm, and 3 liter min−1 in average respectively. Mist blower type A has produced maximum harvested eggplants weight of 96.22 g/fruit on average on the optimum walking speed of 0.92 m/s with 2 liter ha−1 liquid fertilizer dosage. Mist blower type B has produced maximum harvested eggplants weight of 61.66 g/fruit on average on the optimum walking speed of 1 m s−1 with 2 liter ha−1 liquid fertilizer dosage.
Design and performance test of drum kiln for durian peel carbonization
Authors: Agustina S. Endah , Firmansyah  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Durian is one of famous fruit in several places in Indonesia. Only about 20 % of durian fruit is utilized or consumed. The huge amount of waste, especially durian peel, still un-utilized and potential causing some environmental problems. Based on the composition of durian peel, carbonization is one of the best process to utilize durian peel to produce bio-charcoal. The research aims to design a specific kiln for durian peel carbonization and conducting performance test of the kiln. The kiln has been designed as drum type, by using used oil drum as main raw material of the kiln, so it will be easy to find even in the village area and relatively cheaper and easier on kiln fabrication. The performance test shows that the kiln capacity is around 10 kg durian peel. The best performance was achieved in the second test, which produce yield 25% of good quality bio-charcoal in 75 minutes process at temperature range of 326 – 359 °C. The charcoal has LHV (low heating value) of 6347 kCal/kg at water content of 4.66% wet basis, which is compatible to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) quality. Based on the performance investigation, the kiln design should be improved to avoid some weakness performance such as smoke flow and duration time of carbonization.
A preliminary study of common defects of photovoltaic modules in West Timor, Indonesia
Authors: Tanesab Julius A. , Amheka Adrianus , Sinaga Rusman , Mauta James J. , Hattu Edwin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) modules deployed outdoor are exposed to various environmental conditions which can contribute to degrade their power output. Visual inspection is well known as an initial method commonly applied to assess degradation modes of PV modules. By applying the method, it was found that the modules installed on eight off-grid solar power systems in West Timor, Indonesia experienced several degradation modes such as delamination, discoloration, snail trails, microcracks, corrosion, and soiling. These types of degradation are likely attributed to the high temperature, humidity, and salinity level in the region. The degraded panels are still operating to provide electricity for the community in these areas. However, it can be predicted that the energy produced is not optimal as healthy PV modules. Further research needs to be carried out to assess relationship of the degradation modes and their effect to the value of electrical parameters of the modules.
Thermal efficiency analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) System from low-grade heat resources using various working fluids based on simulation
Authors: Hartulistiyoso E , Sucahyo L. , Yulianto M. , Sipahutar M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Thermal Efficiency of Organic Rankin Cycle (ORC) Power Plant System from low-grade heat resources using various working fluids has been analyzed based on the simulation. Four working fluids, namely R-134a, R-32, R-407A, and R-422C were selected on the simulated ORC system to determine its thermal efficiency in some temperature set up of evaporator and condenser. The working fluids are simulated with mass flow rate of 0.15 kg/s at evaporator exit temperature of 75°C, 80°C, and 85°C and at condenser exit temperature of 20°C to 50°C at each 5°C temperature difference. Fluid properties in these conditions are analyzed with REFPROP software then become data input for Cycle Tempo simulation. The thermal efficiency values of each temperature and refrigerant variation are then analyzed to obtain optimum value and variation for the simulated ORC system. The efficiency was obtained at the evaporator exit temperature of 75°C and condenser exit temperature of 45°C. ORC simulation revealed that the optimum and realistic working fluid was R-32 with thermal efficiency of 7.03 %.
SRI (Rice Intensification System) water management of rice productivity
Authors: Agustina H , Setiawan BI , Solahuddin M , Sugiyanta  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Rice crop production in the field is influenced by water availability, nutrients, and rice seedlings. The application of the SRI (System of Rice Intensification) method is a method of rice cultivation that is water-efficient and can provide optimal rice crop yields. Various irrigation systems have been applied to regulate water in rice plants in SRI cultivation with varying yields. It shows that water management in the SRI method determines the production yield. The purpose of this study was to assess water management in SRI rice cultivation with varying availability of water and nutrients (the size of the growing media volume varies). The method used polynomial regression statistics on high variables, and the number of tillers was also descriptive methods on other parameters. The observations showed that irrigation management and media size affected production yields on SRI method of rice cultivation.
Strategic management in the business of agricultural equipment and machinery services in Bandung, West Java
Authors: Wardani I K , Erniati  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The interest of young people to be a farmer is low. It could become a threat to the sustainability of agriculture in Indonesia. As an effort to prevent that conditions, The Ministry of the Agriculture Republic of Indonesia issued a policy on grant equipment and machinery for farmers. As a requirement, they must be incorporated in Agricultural Equipment and Machinery Services. It shows that Agricultural Equipment And Machinery Services is the spearhead in the successes of those programs. This study aims to measure the performance as a base to determine the strategies management on Agricultural Equipment And Machinery Services. The research analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to build mathematical models that show the relationship between variable research: economic (EKO), organizational (ORG), and technical (TKS). Mathematical model analysis on this research are TKS = 0.99*ORG (t-test: 4.96) and EKO = 0.61*TKS (t-test : 2.79). The goodness of fit test index shows that the model criteria are classified into moderate until a good fit. Therefore, the model can be used to rank each indicator’s influence. SWOT analysis results show that Agricultural Equipment and Machinery Services performance on quadrant three. The main strategies take advantage of the opportunity by optimizing strength. It can be concluded that the strategies are developing human capital, building a knowledge management system, and developing a website or android to expand disseminating business information.
Effect of coating few-layer WS2 on the Raman spectra and whispering gallery modes of a microbottle resonator
Authors: Bhattacharya Shubhayan , Veluthandath Aneesh V , Huang C C , Murugan Ganapathy Senthil , Bisht Prem B 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Multi-layered tungsten disulfide (WS2) coated silicon/silica (Si/SiO2) substrate and SiO2 micro-bottle resonators (MBRs) have been prepared by van der Waals epitaxy method. Raman spectra of WS2-coated MBR show that the out-of-plane Raman mode is sensitive to the polarization of the excitation laser. The quality factor (Q) values of the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in the transmission spectrum of an MBR decrease by 2 orders of magnitude on coating with WS2. On coating, a cleaner spectrum is obtained along with a concomitant effect of decrease in the number of lossy modes. Fano resonances as well as Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) was observed for the WGMs in the cleaned transmission spectrum. From the simulations it has been verified that the scattered electric field of the WS2 flakes contributes to the observation of the Fano resonances and ATS in the coated MBR spectra.
MNIST-MIX: a multi-language handwritten digit recognition dataset
Authors: Jiang Weiwei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this note, we contribute a multi-language handwritten digit recognition dataset named MNIST-MIX, which is the largest dataset of the same type in terms of both languages and data samples. With the same data format with MNIST, MNIST-MIX can be seamlessly applied in existing studies for handwritten digit recognition. By introducing digits from 10 different languages, MNIST-MIX becomes a more challenging dataset and its imbalanced classification requires a better design of models. We also present the results of applying a LeNet model which is pre-trained on MNIST as the baseline.
Shorter Granulocyte Telomeres Among Children and Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Chronic Lung Disease in Zimbabwe
Authors: Ajaykumar Abhinav , Wong Glenn C , Yindom Louis-Marie , McHugh Grace , Dauya Ethel , Majonga Edith , Mujuru Hilda , Ferrand Rashida A , Rowland-Jones Sarah L , Côté Hélène C F 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Chronic lung disease (CLD) has been reported among African children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (C-PHIV), despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). In adults, shorter telomere length (TL) has been reported in association with both CLD and HIV. As little is known in children, our objective was to compare TL in HIV-positive (cART-naive or -treated) and HIV-negative children with and without CLD.

Methods
Participants included Zimbabwean C-PHIV, aged 6–16, who were either newly diagnosed and cART-naive, or on cART for &gt;6 months, and HIV-negative controls of similar age and sex. Packed blood cell (granulocyte) TLs from 621 children were compared cross-sectionally between groups. For a subset of newly diagnosed C-PHIV, changes in TL following cART initiation were evaluated.

Results
C-PHIV had shorter granulocyte TL compared with uninfected peers, regardless of cART. Among 255 C-PHIV without CLD, TL was shorter in cART-naive participants. In multivariable analyses adjusted for age, sex, CLD, and HIV/cART status, shorter TL was independently associated with older age, being HIV positive, and having reduced forced vital capacity (FVC). Last, cART initiation increased TL.

Conclusions
In this cohort, C-PHIV and those with reduced FVC have shorter granulocyte TL, possibly the result of increased immune activation and cellular turnover due to longstanding HIV infection with delayed cART initiation.
A Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Prediction Model From Standard Laboratory Tests
Authors: Bayat Vafa , Phelps Steven , Ryono Russell , Lee Chong , Parekh Hemal , Mewton Joel , Sedghi Farshid , Etminani Payam , Holodniy Mark 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
With the limited availability of testing for the presence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and concerns surrounding the accuracy of existing methods, other means of identifying patients are urgently needed. Previous studies showing a correlation between certain laboratory tests and diagnosis suggest an alternative method based on an ensemble of tests.

Methods
We have trained a machine learning model to analyze the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 test results and 20 routine laboratory tests collected within a 2-day period around the SARS-CoV-2 test date. We used the model to compare SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative patients.

Results
In a cohort of 75 991 veteran inpatients and outpatients who tested for SARS-CoV-2 in the months of March through July 2020, 7335 of whom were positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or antigen testing, and who had at least 15 of 20 lab results within the window period, our model predicted the results of the SARS-CoV-2 test with a specificity of 86.8%, a sensitivity of 82.4%, and an overall accuracy of 86.4% (with a 95% confidence interval of [86.0%, 86.9%]).

Conclusions
Although molecular-based and antibody tests remain the reference standard method for confirming a SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, their clinical sensitivity is not well known. The model described herein may provide a complementary method of determining SARS-CoV-2 infection status, based on a fully independent set of indicators, that can help confirm results from other tests as well as identify positive cases missed by molecular testing.
Early life factors are associated with risk for eosinophilic esophagitis diagnosed in adulthood
Authors: Dellon Evan S , Shaheen Olivia , Koutlas Nathaniel T , Chang Audrey O , Martin Lisa J , Rothenberg Marc E , Jensen Elizabeth T 
Published: August 2020

SUMMARY
Early life exposures have been associated with pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), but it is unknown if a similar association is present in adults. We aimed to assess the association between early life risk factors and development of EoE in adulthood. To do this, we conducted a case–control study which was nested within a prospective cohort study of adults undergoing outpatient endoscopy. Cases of EoE were diagnosed per consensus guidelines; controls did not meet these criteria. Subjects and their mothers were contacted to collect information on four key early life exposures: antibiotics taken during the first year of life, Cesarean delivery, preterm delivery (≤37 weeks’ gestation), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. We calculated the odds of EoE given in each exposure and assessed agreement between subjects and their mothers. For the 40 cases and 40 controls enrolled, we observed a positive association between each of the early life exposures and development of EoE (antibiotics in infancy, OR = 4.64, 95% CI = 1.63–13.2; Cesarean delivery, OR = 3.08, 95% CI = 0.75–12.6; preterm delivery, OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 0.71–12.0; NICU admission, OR = 4.00, 95% CI = 1.01–15.9). Results were unchanged after adjusting for potential confounders, though only early antibiotic use had CIs that did not cross 1.0. Moderate to strong agreement was observed between 54 subject–mother pairs (antibiotics, K = 0.44, P = 0.02; Cesarean delivery, K = 1.0, P &lt; 0.001; preterm delivery, K = 0.80, P &lt; 0.001; NICU, K = 0.76, P &lt; 0.001). In sum, antibiotics in infancy was significantly associated with increased risk of EoE diagnosed in adulthood, while positive trends were seen with other early life factors such as Cesarean delivery, preterm delivery, and NICU admission. This may indicate persistent effects of early life exposures and merits additional study into conserved pathogenic mechanisms.
Characterization of an elastase-induced emphysema model in immune-deficient rats
Authors: Becerra David , Jeffs Sydney , Wojtkiewicz Gregory , Ott Harald 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Emphysema affects millions of patients worldwide. Cell transplantation and tissue engineering are promising approaches for the regeneration of gas exchange tissue in vivo. A reproducible and resource-efficient animal model with relevant pathological and physiological features is critical to assess efficacy of novel therapies. Here, we share a method for rapid development of emphysema in an adaptive immune-deficient rat with &lt;5% mortality, which is ideal for high-throughput human cell-based experimentation.

METHODS
Porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) was intratracheally administered to male RNU rats. Rats were monitored for 21 days after which subjects underwent lung computed tomography (CT) scans. Rats were then weighed, intubated and mechanically ventilated to measure dynamic compliance. After sacrifice, lungs were fixed, and histological sections were quantitatively assessed for emphysematous changes.

RESULTS
A single instillation of elastase was enough to produce anatomic and physiological evidence of emphysema. Weight change for doses of 16 and 32 units PPE/100 g were significantly lower than controls (P = 0.028 and P = 0.043, respectively). Compliance values for doses of 16 and 32 units PPE/100 g were significantly higher than controls (P = 0.037 and P = 0.006, respectively). Lung hyperlucency was confirmed by CT with mean Hounsfield units for a dose of 32 units PPE/100 g being significantly lower than controls (P &lt; 0.001). The mean linear intersect for doses of 16 and 32 units PPE/100 g were significantly higher than controls (both P &lt; 0.001). All reported P-values are one-sided.

CONCLUSIONS
We present an efficient method for emphysema development in immune-deficient rats as a tool to evaluate human biological therapeutics. Changes in dynamic compliance, histology and cross-sectional imaging recapitulate human emphysema.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Polysaccharide-Degrading Rumen Bacterium Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans MA3014 Reveals an Incomplete Glycolytic Pathway
Authors: Palevich Nikola , Maclean Paul H , Kelly William J , Leahy Sinead C , Rakonjac Jasna , Attwood Graeme T 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBacterial species belonging to the genus Pseudobutyrivibrio are important members of the rumen microbiome contributing to the degradation of complex plant polysaccharides. Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans MA3014 was selected for genome sequencing to examine its ability to breakdown and utilize plant polysaccharides. The complete genome sequence of MA3014 is 3.58 Mb, consists of three replicons (a chromosome, chromid, and plasmid), has an overall G + C content of 39.6%, and encodes 3,265 putative protein-coding genes (CDS). Comparative pan-genomic analysis of all cultivated and currently available P. xylanivorans genomes has revealed a strong correlation of orthologous genes within this rumen bacterial species. MA3014 is metabolically versatile and capable of growing on a range of simple mono- or oligosaccharides derived from complex plant polysaccharides such as pectins, mannans, starch, and hemicelluloses, with lactate, butyrate, and formate as the principal fermentation end products. The genes encoding these metabolic pathways have been identified and MA3014 is predicted to encode an extensive range of Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes with 78 glycoside hydrolases, 13 carbohydrate esterases, and 54 glycosyl transferases, suggesting an important role in solubilization of plant matter in the rumen.
Older Adults’ Drop in Cerebral Oxygenation on Standing Correlates With Postural Instability and May Improve With Sitting Prior to Standing
Authors: Fitzgibbon-Collins Laura K , Heckman George A , Bains Ikdip , Noguchi Mamiko , McIlroy William E , Hughson Richard L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Impaired blood pressure (BP) recovery with orthostatic hypotension on standing occurs in 20% of older adults. Low BP is associated with low cerebral blood flow but mechanistic links to postural instability and falls are not established. We investigated whether posture-related reductions in cerebral tissue oxygenation (tSO2) in older adults impaired stability upon standing, if a brief sit before standing improved tSO2 and stability, and if Low-tSO2 predicted future falls.

Method
Seventy-seven older adults (87 ± 7 years) completed (i) supine–stand, (ii) supine–sit–stand, and (iii) sit–stand transitions with continuous measurements of tSO2 (near-infrared spectroscopy). Total path length (TPL) of the center of pressure sway quantified stability. K-cluster analysis grouped participants into High-tSO2 (n = 62) and Low-tSO2 (n = 15). Fall history was followed up for 6 months.

Results
Change in tSO2 during supine–stand was associated with increased TPL (R = −.356, p = .001). When separated into groups and across all transitions, the Low-tSO2 group had significantly lower tSO2 (all p &lt; .01) and poorer postural stability (p &lt; .04) through 3 minutes of standing compared to the High-tSO2 group. There were no effects of transition type on tSO2 or TPL for the High-tSO2 group, but a 10-second sitting pause improved tSO2 and enhanced postural stability in the Low-tSO2 group (all p &lt; .05). During 6-month follow-up, the Low-tSO2 group had a trend (p &lt; .1) for increased fall risk.

Conclusions
This is the first study to show an association between posture-related cerebral hypoperfusion and quantitatively assessed instability. Importantly, we found differences among older adults suggesting those with lower tSO2 and greater instability might be at increased risk of a future fall.