bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jod – unverzichtbar für die Gesundheit der Brust: Ein
neuer Ansatz zur Prävention und Therapie vom
Mammakarzinom
Authors: Kauffmann Kyra Daniela 
Published: June 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGJod ist ein essentielles Spurenelement, das nicht nur eine Rolle im
Schilddrüsenstoffwechsel spielt. Ein Großteil des gesamten
Jodvorkommens im menschlichen Organismus findet sich in extrathyreoidalen
Geweben, vor allem in den Brustdrüsen. In der Schwangerschaft und
Stillzeit geht Jod eine Verbindung mit Lipiden ein, dabei entstehen
Jodlaktone. Diese beeinflussen die Wachstumsregulation und die Apoptose der
Brustdrüsenzellen.Auch andere Jodverbindungen, wie Povidon-Jod oder die Lugolsche
Lösung zeigen sowohl in Tiersuchen, an Studien mit menschlichen
Brustkrebszelllinien sowie in klinischen Studien eine tumorzelltoxische
Wirkung. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Forschungen ist eine ausreichende
Jodversorgung für Frauen hinsichtlich einer Primär- und auch
Sekundärprophylaxe von Brustkrebs grundsätzlich zu
empfehlen. Die Einnahmeempfehlungen der Ernährungsgesellschaften in
Bezug auf Jod sollten daher überarbeitet werden.
Immunrelevante Mikronährstoffe bei viralen
Atemwegsinfektionen
Authors: Gröber Uwe , Holzhauer Peter , Kisters Klaus 
Published: June 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEnde 2019 nahm eine neue Coronavirus-Pandemie in der chinesischen Stadt Wuhan
in der Provinz Hubei ihren Lauf. Der klinische Verlauf der durch SARS-CoV-2
ausgelösten Lungenerkrankung Covid-19 ist unterschiedlich. Einige
Infizierte entwickeln nur leichte oder überhaupt keine Symptome. Bei
anderen kommt es rasch zu einem akuten Lungenversagen und zum Tod.
Über 80% der Covid-19-Erkrankungen treten bei
älteren Menschen (±70 Jahre) mit Grunderkrankungen auf, wie
KHK, Krebs, Diabetes mellitus oder zerebrovaskulären
Veränderungen (z. B. Demenz). Neben entsprechenden
Hygienemaßnahmen, dem individuellen Sozialverhalten, erfolgt derzeit
über die Medien kein Hinweis auf die physiologische Bedeutung
immunrelevanter Mikronährstoffe, mit der das Immunsystem gegen
virale Atemwegserkrankungen unterstützt und Begleitkomplikationen
verringert werden könnten. Deshalb sollte bei Covid-19-Patienten
grundsätzlich nicht nur der Makonährstoff-, sondern auch der
Mikronährstoff-Status labordiagnostisch objektiviert (z. B.
25(OH)D, Selen, Omega-3-Index) und gegebenenfalls gezielt kompensiert
werden.
CD8+CD28null T Lymphocytes are Associated with the Development of Atrial Fibrillation after Elective Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Kazem Niema , Sulzgruber Patrick , Thaler Barbara , Baumgartner Johanna , Koller Lorenz , Laufer Günther , Steinlechner Barbara , Hohensinner Philipp , Wojta Johann , Niessner Alexander 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is assumed as a complex and multifactorial interaction of different pathogenic factors. Data suggests an inflammatory process as the main trigger of this specific type of atrial fibrillation. CD8+ T lymphocytes that lack the surface protein CD28 were found to be crucially involved in chronic inflammatory processes within the cardiovascular system. Of utmost interest, these so-called CD8+CD28null T cells are known to present with autoaggressive behavior and deleterious cytotoxic effects on human tissue.
Methods A total of 129 patients undergoing elective cardiac valve and/or coronary artery bypass graft surgery were enrolled. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was performed to investigate lymphocyte subsets. Patients were stratified in two subgroups according to patients developing POAF (n = 60) and individuals free of POAF (n = 69).
Results Comparing patients developing POAF to individuals free of POAF, the fraction of CD8+ lymphocytes was significantly higher in individuals developing POAF (30.5% [POAF] vs. 25.7% [no-POAF]; p = 0.021). Interestingly, also the fraction of CD8+CD28null T lymphocytes was significantly higher in the POAF subgroup (66.7% [POAF] vs. 61.6% [non-POAF]; p = 0.043). Multivariate logistic regression proved that the fraction of CD8+CD28null cells is a strong and independent prognosticator for the development of POAF with an adjusted odds ratio per 1 standard deviation of 3.21 (95% confidence interval 1.01–10.18; p = 0.048).
Conclusion We found that cytotoxic CD8+CD28null T lymphocytes proved to be a strong and independent predictor for the development of POAF after elective cardiac surgery. Our results potentially indicate an autoimmune impact of this preexisting, highly cytotoxic T cell subset in the pathogenesis of POAF.
Dual Pathway Inhibition for Vascular Protection in Patients with Atherosclerotic Disease: Rationale and Review of the Evidence
Authors: Weitz Jeffrey Ian , Angiolillo Dominick J. , Geisler Tobias , Heitmeier Stefan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite advances in secondary prevention strategies in patients with cardiovascular disease, the residual risk of recurrent atherothrombotic events remains high. Dual-antiplatelet therapy is the standard of care for secondary prevention in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), whereas single antiplatelet therapy, generally with aspirin, is the standard of care for secondary prevention in stable patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), or cerebrovascular disease. However, atherosclerotic plaque disruption not only triggers platelet activation but also results in thrombin generation because of tissue factor exposure. Therefore, blocking both pathways by combining antiplatelet therapy with an anticoagulant, or dual pathway inhibition (DPI), has the potential to be more effective than inhibiting either pathway alone. The benefit of DPI has been demonstrated in the ATLAS ACS 2-TIMI 51, COMPASS, and VOYAGER PAD trials, where the combination of rivaroxaban vascular dose (2.5 mg twice daily) plus aspirin significantly reduced the risk of atherothrombotic events compared with aspirin across a broad range of patients, including those with recent ACS, those with chronic CAD and/or PAD, and patients with PAD who have undergone peripheral revascularization. This article provides the rationale for this regimen in more detail, including why the DPI regimen with the rivaroxaban vascular dose was developed for vascular protection in a broad spectrum of patients with atherosclerotic disease.
Surgical Decision-Making in Multivalvular Heart Disease: A Holistic Approach
Authors: Makhija Neeti , Malhotra Rohit , Magoon Rohan , Ramakrishnan Pradeep 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPatients with multivalvular heart disease often presents a unique challenge with regard to the intraoperative decision-making in the form of choosing between a satisfactory valvular repair or a more definitive valve replacement. We describe a patient with multivalve involvement on antiretroviral therapy. Discussion presents a nuanced perspective on surgical decision-making in multi-valvular heart disease, wherein an effective communication between the surgeon and the echocardiographer is required for ensuring favorable postoperative outcomes.
Comparative Evaluation of Apical Sealing Ability of Different Obturation Techniques by Confocal Microscopy: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Arora Reetu , Kumar Yogesh , Jindal Neetu , Aggarwal Renu , Takhar Kavneet 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction The aim of obturation in the root canal is to completely seal the canal space to eliminate all the portals of entry and exit between root canal and periodontal space. Various techniques have been developed to achieve a hermetic seal.
Materials and Methods As many as 150 extracted human maxillary central incisors were taken for the study. Biomechanical preparation was done up to F5 protaper file. According to different obturation techniques, samples were divided into six groups, keeping 30 samples in experimental and 15 samples in control groups. Group I–Lateral Condensation, Group II–Thermafil, Group III–Beefill, Group IV–GuttaFlow, Group V–Positive Control group, Group VI–Negative Control group. After obturation, the samples were immersed in 2% Rhodamine-B dye for 24 hours. Each sample was longitudinally sectioned to examine under confocal laser scanning microscope.
Statistical Analysis The results were evaluated with ANOVA and posthoc Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) comparison test.
Results The mean values of dye penetration of different groups were Group I (Lateral Condensation) 1.51 ± 0.451, Group II (Thermafil) 0.918 ± 0.399, Group III (Beefill) 1.30 ± 0.559. Group IV (GuttaFlow) 0.655 ± 0.396, Group V (Positive Control group) 1.96 ±0.046, Group VI (Negative Control group) 0 ± 0. The lowest mean value of apical microleakage was found in GuttaFlow amongst all experimental groups.
Conclusion It can be concluded that the GuttaFlow obturating material exhibited better apical sealing ability with canal walls.
Labor and Delivery Outcomes with the Sequential Use of Misoprostol Followed by Cervical Foley Catheter
Authors: Hopkins Maeve K. , Hamm Rebecca F. , Srinivas Sindhu K. , Levine Lisa D. 
Published: June 2020

Objective Studies demonstrate shorter time to delivery with concurrent use of misoprostol and cervical Foley catheter. However, concurrent placement may not be feasible. If misoprostol is used to start an induction, little is known regarding the benefit of sequentially using Foley catheter. We examine obstetrical outcomes in women with Foley catheter placed after misoprostol compared with those only requiring misoprostol.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies, intact membranes, and an unfavorable cervix (Bishop score of ≤6 and dilation ≤2 cm) undergoing term induction May 2013 to June 2015. We compared obstetrical outcomes between women receiving misoprostol alone versus those that had a Foley catheter placed after misoprostol. Outcomes are mode of delivery, time to delivery, chorioamnionitis, admission to neonatal intensive care unit, and maternal morbidity. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for categorical variables, Mann–Whitney U-tests compared continuous variables.
Results Among 364 women, 281 began induction with misoprostol alone. A total of 135 (48%) subsequently had a Foley catheter placed. Characteristics were similar between the groups, although nulliparity and cervical dilation <1 cm at start of induction were more likely to have subsequent Foley catheter. Women with Foley catheter placement after misoprostol had a longer median time to delivery (15 vs. 11 hours, p < 0.001), twofold higher rate of cesarean (42 vs. 26%, odds ratio: 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.26–3.44, p = 0.004), and increased risk of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (21 vs. 11%, p = 0.024). There was a nonsignificant increased risk of chorioamnionitis (12 vs. 7%, p = 0.1) and maternal morbidity (15 vs. 8%, p = 0.08) in the misoprostol followed by Foley catheter group.
Conclusion In women receiving misoprostol for induction, nulliparas and those with dilation <1 cm are more likely to have subsequent Foley catheter placement. Sequential use of cervical Foley catheter after misoprostol is associated with longer labor, higher cesarean rate, and increased NICU admission. Requirement of Foley catheter after misoprostol confers higher risk and may guide counseling.
Key Points
Allicin suppresses growth and metastasis of gastric carcinoma: the key role of microRNA-383-5p-mediated inhibition of ERBB4 signaling
Authors: Lv Qing , Xia Qinghua , Li Jiang , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Allicin is a natural product suppressing the progression of gastric carcinoma (GC). In the current study, the mechanism underlying the anti-GC effect of allicin was explored by focusing on the role of miR-383-5p/ERBB4 signaling. Two GC cell lines were treated with allicin and the effects on viability, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and miR-383-5p/ERBB4 activity in the cells were assessed. The interaction between allicin and miR-383-5p was further explored by inhibiting the miR-383-5p level. Allicin suppressed cell viability and induced apoptosis in both GC cell lines. The compound also inhibited migration and invasion of GC cells, which was associated with the up-regulation miR-383-5p and down-regulation of ERBB4. The inhibition of miR-383-5p by specific inhibitor blocked the anti-GC effect of allicin. Our results demonstrated that allicin contributed to the suppressed growth and metastasis potentials in GC cell lines. The effect was accompanied by an increased level of miR-383-5p and subsequent inhibition of ERBB4.
Aggregability of β(1→4)-linked glucosaminoglucan originating from a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium Thiothrix nivea
Authors: Takeda Minoru , Kondo Keiko , Tominaga Ryo , Mori Honomi , Kato Mana , Usami Ryoji , Murakami Tomoi , Ueda Kazuyoshi , Suzuki Ichiro , Katahira Masato 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
β-1,4-glucosaminoglucan (GG) was prepared from the sheath of a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium Thiothrix nivea. Recently, GG was found to be adsorbed by cellulose (paper) and is therefore potentially applicable as an aminating agent for cellulose. We attempted to increase the yield of GG using a fed-batch cultivation method. Furthermore, the behavior of GG molecules in water was theoretically and experimentally investigated. NMR analysis in combination with molecular dynamics calculation suggested that GG molecules tend to form soluble aggregates in water. It was experimentally revealed that the self-aggregation is enhanced by the addition of NaCl and reduced temperature. Adsorption of GG onto cellulose via hydrogen bonding was confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation. Adsorption was also promoted in the presence of NaCl but was inhibited by a reduction in temperature. Only 11% of the amino groups in the GG-treated paper was reactive, suggesting that GG molecules adsorbed by the paper were forming aggregates.
Actinomycins inhibit the production of the siderophore pyoverdines in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas cichorii SPC9018
Authors: Maenaka Risa , Tani Shuji , Hikichi Yasufumi , Kai Kenji 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pyoverdines, a group of peptide siderophores produced by Pseudomonas species, function not only in iron acquisition, but also in their virulence in hosts. Thus, chemical inhibition of pyoverdine production may be an effective strategy to control Pseudomonas virulence. In the plant pathogen Pseudomonas cichorii SPC9018 (SPC9018), pyoverdine production is required for virulence on eggplant. We screened microbial culture extracts in a pyoverdine-production inhibition assay of SPC9018 and found Streptomyces sp. RM-32 as a candidate-producer. We isolated two active compounds from RM-32 cultures, and elucidated their structures to be actinomycins X2 and D. Actinomycins X2 and D inhibited pyoverdine production by SPC9018 with IC50 values of 17.6 and 29.6 μM, respectively. Furthermore, pyoverdine production in other Pseudomonas bacteria, such as the mushroom pathogen P. tolaasii, was inhibited by the actinomycins. Therefore, these actinomycins may be useful as chemical tools to examine pyoverdine functions and as seed compounds for anti-Pseudomonas virulence agents.
Identification of copy number variation and population analysis of the sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera)
Authors: Zhang Qing , Zhang Xueting , Liu Jing , Mao Chaoyi , Chen Sha , Zhang Yujun , Leng Liang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is widely cultured in East Asia for its horticultural, agricultural, and medicinal values. Although many molecular markers had been used to extrapolate population genetics of the sacred lotus, a study of large variations, such as copy number variation (CNV), are absent up to now. In this study, we applied whole-genome re-sequencing to 24 lotus accessions, and use read depth information to genotype and filter original CNV call. Totally 448 duplications and 4,267 deletions were identified in the final CNV set. Further analysis of population structure revealed that the population structure patterns revealed by CNV and SNP are largely consistent with each other. Our result indicated that deep sequencing followed by genotyping is a quick and straightforward way to mine out CNV from the population, and the CNV along with SNP could enable us to better comprehend the biology of the plant.
Sophocarpine exert protective effect against ox-LDL-induced endothelial damage via regulating NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Fang Hengrong , Bo Taizhu , Zi Xiaolong , Tan Dianxiang , Liu Xiaoping , Jiang Chonghui , Lei Gang , Deng Yufen , Cui Libao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) was known to induce endothelial cell injury to the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Sophocarpine (SPC), a compound of sophora alkaloids isolated from the plant Sophora alopecuroides, has been shown to exhibit various pharmacological activities. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of SPC on ox-LDL-induced endothelial cells and explored its underlying mechanism. Our results show that SPC pre-incubation ameliorated ox-LDL-mediated HAECs cytotoxicity, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SPC significantly downregulated the mRNA or protein expression level of pro-inflammatory mediators (TGF-β, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) and pro-inflammatory vascular adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin). Mechanistically, SPC pre-treatment downregulated IκBα expression and inhibited translocation of NF-κB in ox-LDL-mediated HAECs, overexpression of NF-κB p65 counteracted the cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effect of SPC, suggesting that its action is dependent on NF-κB signaling pathway. Collectively, SPC suppresses ox-LDL-induced HAECs injury by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Policy learning and crisis policy-making: quadruple-loop learning and COVID-19 responses in South Korea
Authors: Lee Sabinne , Hwang Changho , Moon M Jae 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze how the Korean government has been effective in taming COVID-19 without forced interruptions (i.e. lockdowns) of citizens’ daily lives. Extending the theory of organizational learning, we propose the quadruple-loop learning model, through which we examine how a government can find solutions to a wicked policy problem like COVID-19. The quadruple-loop learning model is applied to explain how the Korean government could effectively tame COVID-19 in the initial stage through its agile as well as adaptive approach based on effective interactions of backstage (time, target, and context) and frontstage of policy processes mainly focusing on the initial stage until the highest alert level was announced. Based on the Korean case, this study also examines critical factors to effective learning organizations such as leadership, information and transparency, as well as citizen participation and governance.
Rewilding the wildlife in Sangjiangyuan National Park, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhao Xinquan , Xu Tianwei , Ellis Jacob , He Fuquan , Hu Linyong , Li Qi 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The targets of China’s national park construction are to protect the authenticity and integrity of the ecosystems, and to achieve the harmonious development between humans and nature. Because of the high intensity of human activities, the authenticity of ecosystems has deviated over the past few decades. It is time to rewild the wildlife and restore the authenticity of these ecosystems. The status of rewilding wildlife in Sanjiangyuan National Park, indicating that the wildlife population, diversity and wildness have increased within the National Park. The wildlife population in the national park has been restored, with about 60,000 Tibetan antelope, 60,000 Tibetan gazelle, 36,000 Tibetan wild ass, 10,000 wild yak, and 10,000 white-lipped deer up to 2017. However, overgrazing existed on the alpine grassland with population increasing both of ungulates and livestock.
Epic Regained: Phillis Wheatley’s Admonitory Poetics in the ‘Little Columbiad’
Authors: Toscano Pasquale S 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough many scholars have  discussed Phillis Wheatley’s subversive appropriation of the classics, they have been reluctant to locate a similar strain of subtle repudiation in her Revolutionary War poems. The present article reexamines these verses — ‘To His Excellency General Washington’ (1775), ‘On the Capture of General Lee’ (1776), and ‘On the Death of General Wooster’ (1778) — in light of the tradition of (neo)classical heroic poetry. I read them as a formally innovative epic, dispersed across three apparently ‘patriotic lyrics’ (Levernier (1993: 175)) and dubbed the ‘Little Columbiad’ for their personification of America. Wheatley signals that the triptych should be read as far more than a trio of occasional poems. She not only evokes elements of the epic tradition but also obfuscates the Lucanic heart of her piece within a Virgilian body. This deft juxtaposition of disparate epic registers and forms allows the poet to reprove revolutionary generals, comment upon the war, and decry a movement committed both to liberty and to slavery’s perpetuation. In playing the part of epic admonisher, Wheatley likewise spotlights the genre’s tendency to expose and dissect the flaws of leaders in even its most laudatory iterations. The ‘Little Columbiad’ therefore gives us an important opportunity to reevaluate its author’s pivotal position in the history of North American heroic poetry and epic reception, as well as to nuance regnant paradigms of the genre itself.
Unravelling sexual care in chronically ill patients: the perspective of GP practice nurses; Health Service Research
Authors: Barnhoorn Pieter C , Zuurveen Hannah R , Prins Inge C , van Ek Gaby F , den Oudsten Brenda L , den Ouden Marjolein E M , Putter Hein , Numans Mattijs E , Elzevier Henk W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Assessment of sexual health is important in chronically ill patients, as many experience sexual dysfunction (SD). The general practice nurse (GPN) can play a crucial part in addressing SD.

Objective
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine to which extent GPNs discuss SD with chronically ill patients and what barriers may refrained them from discussing SD. Furthermore, we examined which factors had an association with a higher frequency of discussing SD.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey using a 48-item questionnaire was send to 637 GPNs across the Netherlands.

Results
In total, 407 GPNs returned the questionnaire (response rate 63.9%) of which 337 completed the survey. Two hundred and twenty-one responding GPNs (65.6%) found it important to discuss SD. More than half of the GPNS (n = 179, 53.3%) never discussed SD during a first consultation, 60 GPNs (18%) never discussed SD during follow-up consultations. The three most important barriers for discussing SD were insufficient training (54.7%), ‘reasons related to language and ethnicity’ (47.5%) and ‘reasons related to culture and religion’ (45.8%). More than half of the GPNs thought that they had not enough knowledge to discuss SD (n = 176, 54.8%). A protocol on addressing SD would significantly increase discussing during SD.

Conclusions
This study indicates that GPNs do not discuss SD with chronically ill patients routinely. Insufficient knowledge, training and reasons related to cultural diversity were identified as most important reasons for this practice pattern. Implementation of training in combination with guidelines on SD in the general practice could improve on the discussing of sexual health with chronic patients.