bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D numerical simulations of oscillations in solar prominences
Authors: Adrover-González A. , Terradas J. 
Published: December 2019

Context. Oscillations in solar prominences are a frequent phenomenon, and they have been the subject of many studies. A full understanding of the mechanisms that drive them and their attenuation has not been reached yet, however.
Aims. We numerically investigate the periodicity and damping of transverse and longitudinal oscillations in a 3D model of a curtain-shaped prominence.
Methods. We carried out a set of numerical simulations of vertical, transverse and longitudinal oscillations with the high-order finite-difference Pencil Code. We solved the ideal magnetohydrodynamic equations for a wide range of parameters, including the width (wx) and density (ρp0) of the prominence, and the magnetic field strength (B) of the solar corona. We studied the periodicity and attenuation of the induced oscillations.
Results. We found that longitudinal oscillations can be fit with the pendulum model, whose restoring force is the field-aligned component of gravity, but other mechanisms such as pressure gradients may contribute to the movement. On the other hand, transverse oscillations are subject to magnetic forces. The analysis of the parametric survey shows, in agreement with observational studies, that the oscillation period (P) increases with the prominence width. For transverse oscillations we obtained that P increases with density and decreases with B. For longitudinal oscillations we also found that P increases with ρp0, but there are no variations with B. The attenuation of transverse oscillations was investigated by analysing the velocity distribution and computing the Alfvén continuum modes. We conclude that resonant absorption is the mean cause. Damping of longitudinal oscillations is due to some kind of shear numerical viscosity.
Conclusions. Our model is a good approximation of a prominence body that nearly reproduces the observed oscillations. However, more realistic simulations that include other terms such as non-adiabatic processes or partially ionised plasmas are necessary to obtain better results.
Knochenersatz und Knochenaufbau
Authors: Heiß Christian , Rupp Markus , Knapp Gero 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung von Knochendefekten kann den Operateur – abhängig von Ursache, Lokalisation und Größe – vor große Herausforderungen stellen. Zur möglichen Therapie stehen diverse Verfahren zum Knochenersatz und Knochenaufbau zur Verfügung, die dieser Artikel vorstellt.
Referenzwerte für die Zufuhr von Kohlenhydraten, Fett und Protein
Authors: Suchorski Nicolette , Richter Margrit , Bechthold Angela 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungZahlreiche Ernährungsfachgesellschaften veröffentlichen Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr gesunder Menschen. Im internationalen Vergleich liegen die D-A-CH-Referenzwerte im Rahmen der Fachgesellschaften anderer Länder. Alle empfehlen eine kohlenhydratbetonte und fettmoderate Ernährung.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser
Authors: Szelényi Andrea , Prell Julian 
Published: December 2019

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,die klinische Neurophysiologie hat sich diversifiziert. Ein komplexer und
interdisziplinärer Bereich ist das „intraoperative
neurophysiologische Monitoring“ (IONM). In Echtzeit gemessen, interpretiert
und informiert, nehmen neurophysiologische Messungen auf das operative Geschehen
Einfluss. Dies fordert nicht nur profunde Kenntnisse neurophysiologischer Methoden,
sondern auch anästhesiologischer Einflüsse. Das Wissen über
chirurgische Erkrankungen und operative Abläufe ist unabdingbar.
Unterarm – Strategien bei fehlgeschlagenen Osteosynthesen
Authors: Harbrecht Andreas , Hackl Michael , Wegmann Kilian , Müller Lars Peter 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Unterarm ist als eine gelenkige Verbindung zwischen Ellenbogen und Handgelenk zu begreifen. Eine osteosynthetische Versorgung an Radius und Ulna bedarf eines profunden anatomischen Verständnisses, um die Funktion bestmöglich zu erhalten. Bei fehlgeschlagenen Osteosynthesen ist die Herausforderung ungleich höher. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, Strategien vorzustellen, die im Falle einer Pseudarthrose, Infektion, bei speziellen Frakturformen oder Malunion nach primärer Osteosynthese zur Verfügung stehen.
Incidental Finding of Annular Pancreas in a Routine Cadaveric Dissection: Case Report
Authors: Prasad Mythraeyee , Kuriakose Theresa Susan , Rout Sipra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAnnular pancreas is a rare congenital anomaly that results from the malrotation of the ventral pancreatic bud. The presentation of annular pancreas varies: it can be asymptomatic or present clinical symptoms of duodenal obstruction that can affect all age groups, from newborns to adults. In the present case report, we describe a complete type of annular pancreas at the level of the second part of the duodenum, which was an incidental finding in a prosected specimen. This anomaly has significant clinical relevance to clinicians and radiologists due to its variable presentation. The embryological, clinical and radiological aspects of this congenital anomaly are discussed in detail in the present article.
Anatomical Patterns of the Pancreatic Ductal System – A Cadaveric and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography Study
Authors: Prasad Mythraeyee , Rout Sipra , Putta Tharani , Kurien Reuben Thomas , Chowdhury Sudipta Dhar , Eapen Anu , Hepsy Y. S. , Rabi Suganthy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Morphological variants of the pancreatobiliary system can predispose to chronic pancreatitis. The goal of the present study is to assess the prevalence of pancreatic duct patterns in the Indian population, both by cadaveric dissection and by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).
Materials and Methods A total of 15 adult pancreas specimens of unknown age and gender, and 5 fetal pancreas specimens of different gestational ages with the intact second part of duodenum, were dissected by the piecemeal method. For clinical relevance, MRCP images of 103 clinically-diagnosed chronic pancreatitis patients irrespective of their etiology were obtained retrospectively from the existing database and studied. The anatomical patterns were classified as five different types based on the course of the main pancreatic duct and the accessory pancreatic duct and their openings into the duodenal wall, including variants like pancreas divisum and ansa pancreatica.
Results In the cadaveric study, the main pancreatic duct was single with a straight course in 46.67% of the adult specimens, and in the MRCP study, the main pancreatic duct showed a descending course in 77.66% of the cases. The most common pattern was type III in both the cadaveric (80%) and radiological (55.33%) studies, and the accessory duct was absent on the MRCP in all type-III cases, while it ended blindly in the cadaveric specimens. Ansa pancreatica (type V) was observed in 1 adult specimen (6.7%), but not in the radiological study. Pancreas divisum (type IV) was observed in the 8 cases (7.76%) cases in the radiological study.
Conclusion Knowledge of the anatomical variants of the pancreatic ductal system may be helpful for the radiologists during diagnostic and therapeutic interventional procedures.
Pineal Gland Morphology in Relation to Age and Season in Three Canidae Species
Authors: Kalinina Svetlana , Ilyukha Viktor , Uzenbaeva Lyudmila 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction The aim of the present study was to determine the morphological features of the pineal gland in three closely related Canidae species (raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray, 1834; silver fox, Vulpes vulpes L., 1758; and blue fox, Vulpes lagopus L., 1758) of different ages during the breeding (spring) and nonbreeding (winter) periods.
Materials and Methods Histological analysis of the pineal glands of canids was performed.
Results The morphological changes in the pineal gland detected in the current study are either age-associated, including increase in the reticular fibers and vascularization in the studied species, as well as increase in the amount of the protruding septae in the blue fox, or seasonally related, including an increase in the number and size of blood vessels. The present work reported two types of pigments: lipofuscin (primarily in the silver fox) and melanin (primarily in the raccoon dog and in the blue fox). The pineal gland in the blue fox is characterized by the ability to form corpora arenacea.
Conclusions The present study provides the first insight into the morphological changes of the pineal gland in three closely related Canidae species of different ages during the breeding (spring) and nonbreeding (winter) periods, and showed some species-specific features of gland morphology. The aspects concerning the biogenesis of the calcium concretions and the factors influencing the accumulation of pigments need further investigation.
Effects of Morus nigra L. in Bone Healing
Authors: Costa Jeferson Cardoso , Pereira Bárbara Caroliny , Soares Evelise Aline , Gonçalves Nalielle Lohana Serafini , Esteves Alessandra , Rossi Junior Wagner Costa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Morus nigra L., popularly known as blackberry, mulberry or blackberry bush, is a plant species widely used by folk medicine. Although there are few scientific studies that denote its therapeutic features, an important highlight of black mulberry is the recurrent use of tea leaves in popular environment for treatment of climacteric because it is considered a source of substances with estrogenic activity, which, if deficient, decreases osteoblastic action. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of the infusion of the leaves of M. nigra L. on bone repair experimental models. Twenty female Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), ∼ 100 days old, were submitted to fracture with bone loss in the left fibula. After that, they ingested tea leaves of M. nigra L. for 30 days without interruption. The animals suffered euthanasia after the treatment period. The results showed a significant healing of fractures in all animals that ingested the tea, when compared with other groups. In this way, it is possible to suggest that M. nigra L. tea is able to trigger a positive response in bone repair mechanism; however, it is not possible to state at what level this positive interference occurs, since mechanisms of its action have not yet been elucidated, thus requiring more specific studies on the phytotherapeutic effects of this plant.
The Effect of Eliminating Intermediate Severity Drug-Drug Interaction Alerts on Overall Medication Alert Burden and Acceptance Rate
Authors: Knight Amy M. , Maygers Joyce , Foltz Kimberly A. , John Isha S. , Yeh Hsin Chieh , Brotman Daniel J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine the effects of reducing the number of drug-drug interaction (DDI) alerts in an order entry system.
Methods Retrospective pre–post analysis at an urban medical center of the rates of medication alerts and alert acceptance during a 5-month period before and 5-month period after the threshold for firing DDI alerts was changed from “intermediate” to “severe.” To ensure that we could determine varying response to each alert type, we took an in-depth look at orders generating single alerts.
Results Before the intervention, 241,915 medication orders were placed, of which 25.6% generated one or more medication alerts; 5.3% of the alerts were accepted. During the postintervention period, 245,757 medication orders were placed of which 16.0% generated one or more medication alerts, a 37.5% relative decrease in alert rate (95% confidence interval [CI]: −38.4 to −36.8%), but only a 9.6% absolute decrease (95% CI: −9.4 to −9.9%). 7.4% of orders generating alerts were accepted postintervention, a 39.6% relative increase in acceptance rate (95% CI: 33.2–47.2%), but only a 2.1% absolute increase (95% CI: 1.8–2.4%). When only orders generating a single medication alert were considered, there was a 69.1% relative decrease in the number of orders generating DDI alerts, and an 85.7% relative increase in the acceptance rate (95% CI: 58.6–126.2%), though only a 1.8% absolute increase (95% CI: 1.3–2.3%).
Conclusion Eliminating intermediate severity DDI alerts resulted in a statistically significant decrease in alert burden and increase in the rate of medication alert acceptance, but alert acceptance remained low overall.
Aseptic Revision Total Knee Can Be Performed as Part of a Short-Stay Arthroplasty Program: An Analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database
Authors: Gu Alex , Gerhard Eleanor F. , Wei Chapman , Bovonratwet Patawut , Stake Seth , Sculco Peter K. , McLawhorn Alexander S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is becoming an increasingly common procedure to alleviate knee pain often associated with osteoarthritis. As the number of revision TKAs performed continues to increase, there remains a debate regarding the efficacy of discharging patients earlier than the conventional 3 to 4 days in the postoperative period. A variety of studies have begun to show that interchangably discharge in the primary TKA setting has an economical benefit while causing either a reduction or no difference in patient outcomes. This study aims to determine the effect of rapid discharge at 0- to 2-day postoperative stay compared to the conventional 3- to 4-day postoperative stay on postdischarge complications in patients undergoing revision TKA. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data collected through the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program Database. All patients who underwent aseptic revision TKA between 2005 and 2016 were identified and stratified into groups based on length of stay: 0 to 2 days versus 3 to 4 days. Patients suffering from predischarge complications were excluded to minimize bias. Single-component versus both-component revisions were analyzed. The incidence of adverse events following discharge was evaluated with univariate and logistic multivariate analyses where appropriate. Patients who underwent single-component revisions and were discharged rapidly were less likely to develop minor complications (p = 0.001; odds ratio [OR]: 0.355; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.188–0.671) and septic complications (p = 0.016; OR: 0.011; 95% CI: 0–0.430) within the 30-day postoperative period. No differences were observed in discharge cohorts among patients undergoing both-component revisions. We found that rapid discharge following aseptic revision TKA is not associated with increased risks for postoperative complications. Rapid discharge may have benefits for healthy patients undergoing single-component revisions. Careful selection of revision TKA patients for rapid discharge may help to lower the increasing costs of the procedure and improve patient outcomes. Further study is required to refine the selection criteria to identify patients eligible for short stay or outpatient revision TKA.
Characteristics and Incidence of Inpatient Ophthalmology Consultations to Screen for Papilledema
Authors: Belin Peter J. , Greaves Giovanni H. , Winokur Jules , Gorski Matthew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective A frequent reason for ophthalmology consultation is to rule out papilledema. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of consultations to screen for papilledema in an acute inpatient setting and determine the frequency and factors associated with a positive diagnosis of bilateral optic nerve swelling.
Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of consecutive adult and pediatric inpatient ophthalmology consultations at a tertiary hospital system to “rule out papilledema” from September through November 2016. All patients had a detailed neuro-ophthalmology examination including a dilated fundus exam.
Results A total of 36 consults—13 males and 23 females—with a mean age of 19.8 (range: 3–71) years were called to screen for papilledema. The most common service to request the consult was pediatrics (44%), followed by neurosurgery (42%), medicine (8%), and neurology (6%). The most frequent reason for consultation was headache (61%), followed by visual changes (30.5%) and nausea/vomiting (25%). A positive diagnosis of bilateral optic nerve swelling occurred in 14% (5/36) of consults. Of these five consults, four of them were sent into the hospital by an ophthalmologist who noted the bilateral optic nerve swelling and one was noted by an emergency room pediatrician.
Conclusion No new cases of bilateral optic nerve swelling were found in screening consults to “rule out papilledema.” All of the positive diagnoses in our study had been previously identified by another physician and known to the primary team prior to ophthalmology consultation. Screening consultations for optic nerve swelling may not be an effective way to rule out papilledema.
Predicting Outcome in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients
Authors: Kesici Selman , Kenç Şenay , Yetimakman Ayşe Filiz , Bayrakci Benan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo apply and determine whether standardized mortality scores are appropriate to predict the risk of mortality in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients, 150 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) III-24 and pediatric index of mortality (PIM)-2 scores were unable to discriminate survivors and nonsurvivors; the observed mortality rate was lower than expected mortality rates. Oxygenation index (OI) was calculated at 0, 12, 24, and 72 hours of ventilation. OI-12 and OI-72 were found to be higher in nonsurvivors. PRISM III-24 and PIM-2 scores failed to predict mortality risk in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients. OI can be used to predict degree of respiratory failure and mortality risk.
Pediatric Palliative Transport in Critically Ill Children: A Single Center's Experience and Parents' Perspectives
Authors: Menon Anuradha P. , Mok Yee Hui , Loh Lik Eng , Lee Jan Hau 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe transfer of critically ill children from intensive care units (ICUs) to their homes for palliation is seldom described. We report our 10-year pediatric palliative transport experience and conducted a survey to gain parents' perspectives of their child's transport experience. Over the study period, eight patients were transported from our pediatric ICU to their homes or hospice facilities. There were no intratransport adverse events. Parents who participated in the survey responded positively to the transport experience. The availability of a dedicated critical care transport service allowed for palliative transfers to be performed safely. Facilitating transport to allow withdrawal of life support at home is an acceptable option to families as part of holistic end-of-life care.
Hybrid Management of an Ulnar Artery Pseudoaneurysm Postphlebotomy
Authors: Moriarty Heather K. , Charalabidis Peter , Musicki Korana , Phan Tuan , Joseph Tim , Clements Warren 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this case report is to describe the occurrence and management of an ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm post phlebotomy. A 36-year-old worker with progressively painful nondominant forearm swelling was referred at 4 weeks postphlebotomy. Serial imaging showed an expanding proximal ulnar pseudoaneurysm. This was managed with a covered stent in the ulnar artery and coiling of the interosseous artery. The hematoma was evacuated, and the neurovascular bundle was protected with muscle coverage. At follow-up, the stent was patent, and there was no distal ischemia. Pseudoaneurysms post phlebotomy are rare. We demonstrate successful treatment of an ulnar artery pseudoaneurysm with stent graft and coiling of the interosseous branch.
Protective effect of hyperoside on heart failure rats via attenuating myocardial apoptosis and inducing autophagy
Authors: Guo Xiao , Zhang Yongtao , Lu Changhong , Qu Fengxia , Jiang Xianyan 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Heart failure (HF) is one of the most severe heart conditions, which lacks effective therapies. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more efficient drugs for HF. In this study, we investigated the cardioprotective effects of hyperoside against the pathological progression of HF. Thoracic aortic constriction (TAC) was performed to induce HF in rats. Hyperoside treatment improved cardiac function, decreased cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and heart weight to body weight (HW/BW) ratio in HF rats. Moreover, hyperoside administration repressed apoptosis as evidenced by changing apoptosis-related protein levels, and promoted autophagy in TAC rats and angiotensin II (AngII)-induced H9C2 cells. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) attenuated the beneficial effect of hyperoside against apoptosis in H9C2 cells. In summary, these data confirm that hyperoside effectively alleviates HF via suppressing apoptosis and inducing autophagy, which provides evidence that hyperoside may serve as a promising natural drug for treating HF.
Swift heavy ion tracks in alkali tantalate crystals: a combined experimental and computational study
Authors: Han Xinqing , Liu Yong , Huang Qing , Crespillo Miguel L , Liu Peng , Wang Xuelin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The formation of latent tracks with different damage morphologies in alkali tantalate crystals (KTaO3 and LiTaO3) under the action of the extreme electronic energy loss induced by 358 MeV 58Ni19+ irradiation was studied by experimental characterizations of the lattice damage and numerical calculations using the inelastic thermal spike model. Prism coupling measurements were used to analyze of the refractive index profiles of irradiated regions. This approach is effective and very accurate for determination of the in-depth damage profile and its correlation with the energy loss curves. The calculated spatio-temporal evolution of the energy deposition densities and lattice temperatures theoretically demonstrate the experimentally observed latent tracks in Ni19+-irradiated crystals. Based on the observed damage morphologies of individual and overlapped spherical defects, and discontinuous and continuous tracks, the corresponding threshold values of the electronic energy loss for track damage in alkali tantalate crystals were assessed. For irradiating ions with an energy of 6.17 MeV amu–1, a threshold of ~12.0 keV nm−1 for the production of spherical defects in KTaO3 crystals is indicated, and the threshold for LiTaO3 crystals is less than 12.0 keV nm−1. For irradiating ions with an energy of 2.15 MeV amu–1, owing to the ion-velocity dependence effect, an electronic energy loss of ~13.8 keV nm−1 leads to overlapped spherical defects and discontinuous tracks in KTaO3 and continuous tracks in LiTaO3. Compared with LiTaO3, a relatively higher damage tolerance and critical threshold for track formation in KTaO3 crystals are proven. The determined lattice temperature threshold for continuous track production is 3410 K for KTaO3 and slightly less than 3250 K for LiTaO3, demonstrating that, compared with the melting point, a much higher lattice temperature in the region surrounding the ion path needs to be achieved to produce stable track damage due to the non-negligible effect of melting damage caused by annealing during the cooling process.