bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of collagen-ciprofloxacin HCL membranes produced using gamma irradiation as a candidate for wound dressing
Authors: Lukitowati F , Abbas B , Erizal  , Redja I W , Febryani H A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Wound and bacterial infections are often found after periodontal surgery. Collagen has an important role in healing wounds. The purpose of this study is to produce a membrane film which has been antibacterial activity so that it can be developed as a candidate for periodontal wound dressing. Collagen from bovine tendons synthesized with the acidic method to obtain dry collagen. Dry collagen then dissolved to get a 2% collagen concentration and then mixed with ciprofloxacin HCl 0,1% (w/v) and poured on polyacrylic molds. The membrane is then irradiated by gamma rays irradiation at varying doses of 0, 15 and 25 kGy respectively. The irradiated membrane then characterized by its physicochemical properties in the form of functional group analysis, membrane pore size, water absorption, water vapor transmission, tensile strength and percent release of ciprofloxacin HCl. The result of the characterization is that the membranes didn’t show any significant changes in the functional group but show any significant changes in size membrane pores, water absorption, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength, and percent release of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride after gamma rays irradiation.
Detection and measurement of obstacles on a track using color segmentation with background subtraction and morphological operation
Authors: Hamadi H , Supriyono  , Riansah D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The process of detecting objects in a path of the image frame is a complex process. Generally, the identification process to find out the condition of a track in the form of objects and the size of objects is done manually by humans, namely using measuring instruments such as rulers, etc. It requires long processing time, and is less efficient, besides that it cannot be done remotely in the form of monitoring on the computer from the camera in terms of measurement. This study aims to create a system of detection and measurement of obstacle on a track using color segmentation method with background subtraction and morphological operation as a result of decision support. This detection and measurement system consists of webcam image acquisition, video extraction, converting frames of RGB to HSV images, color segmentation with background subtraction, gray scaling and thresholding, morphological analysis to improve the results of segmentation, detection and measurement displayed in the form of a Graphical User Interface (GUI). The performance of the system was tested on two background color references in the form of black, namely the asphalt track and white, namely the concrete cement track. The result of testing with the black background, produces an accuracy value of 96%, and with a white background of 100%. The system results in measuring obstacle have an average length of accuracy of 96.16% and a height of 85% on a black background in the form of an asphalt track, and on a white background in the form of cement concrete track results in a length measurement accuracy of 95.99% and a height of 90.88% with the camera moving or fixed.
Neutron tomography study of a lithium-ion coin battery
Authors: Purwamargapratala Yustinus , Sudaryanto  , Akbar dan Fahrurrozi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Neutron imaging of lithium-ion coin cell battery was obtained using tomography technique at Neutron Scattering Laboratory in Multi-Purpose Research Reactor G. A. Siwabessy (RSG-GAS) Serpong facility. The coin cell battery was CR2032 (20d x 3.2t mm) type consisted of positive and negative cases made of stainless steel, a cathode layer from lithium Ferro phosphate coated on aluminum foil, polyethylene film as separator, lithium hexafluorophosphate solution in ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate as electrolyte, an anode layer from graphite coated on copper foil, and spacer as well as spring made of stainless steel. The neutron tomography was used to observe the inside structure of the full charged coin cell. The observation was carried out with a neutron flux of 107 n/s.cm2 at 15 MWatt of reactor power. The image of the object is obtained by a Charge Coupled Detector (CCD) and the reconstruction software based on a filtered back-projection algorithm. The neutron imaging clearly shows the cell structure inside the casing. Even though the cell is not at the center of the casing, but it appears that the cell component consists of a cathode, separator and anode neatly arranged. The cross-cut image shows the important role of spring and spacer in improving the contact between cell and casing. The results showed the ability of neutron tomography techniques at RSG-GAS to investigate in detail the inside structure of a coin battery without disassembly (non-destructive test).
Effect of projections number on the image quality of industrial parallel beam gamma tomography
Authors: Azmi Bayu , Stefanus Megy 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Gamma tomography technique can provide cross-sectional visualization of an object that needed for investigating pipe scale in geothermal power plants. Parallel beam tomography has advantages such as a simple system so that it is easier to apply in the field, but the scanning duration is relatively long. This paper discusses the effect of projections number on the reconstructed images quality and proposes the number of most effective projections for pipe scale investigation. Geothermal pipe sample (OD = 275 mm, t = 10 mm) with scale has been scanned with a parallel beam gamma tomography system. The system consists of a gamma radiation source (137Cs, 80 mCi), scintillation detector, motorized gantry, control module, data acquisition, and computer. The images were reconstructed with six different projections: 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, and 4 projections and the scanning duration: 530.8, 258.9, 127.9, 63.5, 31.7, and 15.8 minutes, respectively. Visually, the 128 projections data produces the smoothest image, whereas 64 and 32 projections images look almost the same. The 16 and 8 projections images are still able to distinguish between the pipe wall, scale, and void even though the 8 projections image looks very blurry. Then, the 4 projections image is not able to visualize the shape of the object. The gaps between the average pipe wall and void gray-scale pixels value of 128, 64, 32, 16, 8 and 8 projections images are 175, 174, 167, 153, 106, and 45, respectively. Based on the scanning duration, visualization, and the gray contrast, then the number of most effective projections is 32.
The effect of chitosan radiation of spinach plant based on agronomy characteristics on hydroponics floating system
Authors: Dewi Azri Kusuma , Aulya Dinda Zarra Zenitta , Suryadi Edy 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Oligo chitosan is chitosan with a low molecular weight that derived from the extraction of shrimp shells which are irradiated using gamma radiation. The growth hormone content in oligo chitosan is able to increase the growth and production of crop cultivation on conventional agriculture. The oligo chitosan application is generally sprayed on plants, especially on the leaves and stems of plants. This research aims to find out the most influential method of oligo chitosan application if it’s applied to the cultivation of hydroponic floating raft systems, also to explain the effect of the application of oligo chitosan on the growth and production of spinach plants in the cultivation of the hydroponic system. There are three different ways of treatments in this study applying oligo chitosan to floating raft hydroponic system, which are sprayed out on plants (P1), dissolved in hydroponic nutrient solutions (P2), a combination of both (P3), and accompanied by controls. The oligo chitosan concentration given was 100 ppm in each treatment. The method used in this research is a descriptive comparative method, using primary data which is then analyzed quantitatively by using graphs and T-test. The results of this research were the application of oligo chitosan influences the growth and production of spinach plants to the hydroponic floating raft system. The treatment of oligo chitosan dissolution in the hydroponic nutrient solution (P2) was the treatment that gave the best influence to the height of the plant, number of leaves, and the amount of the yield of spinach compared to the other treatments. The width of the leaf does not have a significant effect on each treatment given.
Neutron diffraction and the residual stress distribution of magnesium processed by equal channel angular pressing
Authors: Rifai Muhammad , Mujamilah  , Muslich Muhammad Refai , Ridwan  , Sarr Mouhamadou Moustapha , Miyamoto Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Neutron diffraction and the residual stress distribution of magnesium processes by equal channel angular pressing was investigated in term of the grain refinement process. Magnesium is one of the metallic material for a biomedical implant due to the biodegradable properties. The structure and strength of biodegradable metallic material are quite essential to discuss for biomedical implant purposes. The ultrafine-grained structure of magnesium was prepared by equal channel angular pressing until four passes by route Bc at 523 K. The specimen was characterized by electron backscattering diffraction for the structure and neutron diffraction for residual stress. The grain refinement happened during the equal channel angular pressing on magnesium. The texture after four passes of ECAP shows a random orientation compare to coarse grain. The result shows that the strength of the ultrafine grain structure is lower than the coarse grain structure due to the crystal structure of magnesium as hexagonal. The other reason is that the distribution of residual stress on ultrafine grain bulk specimens, which measured by neutron scattering facilities.
Characteristic of natural radionuclide in the rivers of palembang, pontianak and palangkaraya
Authors: Suhariyono Gatot , Winarni Ilma Dwi , Mellawati June 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
River water is very beneficial for households and industries. River functions for households are include drinking, washing, bathing, transportation and tourism. River functions for the industry are electrical energy sources, irrigation, aquaculture, transportation of industrial products and others. Therefore, the characteristics of the Musi River in Palembang, the Kapuas River in Pontianak, and the Kahayan River in Palangkaraya, need to be researched, especially the natural radionuclide content. Water is taken 1 liter each with a plastic container at several sampling locations every 3 km along the river, especially water located near the industry. Samples were taken to the laboratory, allowed to stand for a month, put in Marinelli 1 Liter and measured by gamma spectrometry. The measured radionuclides were Pb-201, Th-230, Th-234, Ra-226, Th-232, Th-228, U-238, K-40 and Cs-137. Radionuclides found in the three river waters are Ra-226, Th-228 and K-40. The concentrations of Ra-226 radionuclide in Palembang, Pontianak and Palangkaraya are 0.06-3.09; 0.02-3.92; and 0.09-4.07 Bq/L respectively. Th-228 concentrations in Palembang, Pontianak and Palangkaraya are 0.03-0.60; 0.05-2.32; and 0.061.09 Bq/L respectively. K-40 concentrations in Palembang, Pontianak and Palangkaraya are 0.19-1.99; 0.19-58.41 and 0.69-1.95 Bq/L. The average concentration of natural radionuclides found in the three river waters is still below the limit value of environmental radioactivity, according to PERKA BAPETEN No. 7 of 2013 namely Ra-226 (1 Bq/L), Th-228 (0.35 Bq/L), Th-232 (0.73 Bq/L), Cs-137 (0.25 Bq/L) and K-40 (1.104 Bq/L).
Assessment of heavy metals pollution in the sediment of Ciliwung river
Authors: Mulyaningsih T R , Irmawati M , Istanto  , Alfian  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Thirteen (13) rivers flowing in the city of Jakarta and Ciliwung is one of them. This river flows through residential, offices, industrial and factories. Activities that exist around the river can cause rivers to become polluted. River sediments act as a potential sink for many hazardous chemicals that can be used as indicators for pollution monitoring of the river. The objective of this study is to assess the heavy metal contamination in the Ciliwung river sediment based on single and combination indices. For the assessment of the Ciliwung sediment quality, measurements of metal concentration in river sediments have been performed. Sampling was carried out at four sampling locations, namely in Kelapa Dua, Kalibata, Condet, and Depok. Analysis of heavy metals in the sample was carried out using instrumental neutron activation analysis method. The analysis result shows that the detected elements in sediment include: Br, Al, As, Ca, Ce, Cr, Co, Cs, Mg, Mn, Na, Sb, Eu, Fe, Hf, K, Sc, Sm, Ta, Tb, Th, Yb, and Zn. The assessment based on the value of the enrichment factor indicates that there has been an increase in the concentration of heavy metals As, Cr, Sb, and Zn in moderate levels due to anthropogenic factors. Based on the geo accumulation index value, it is known that the sampling area is not polluted to moderate contamination. Heavy metals As, Cr, Sb, and Zn in sediments provide a low level of ecological risk to the aquatic environment. Based on the pollution load index value (PLI), all sampling locations are in no pollution conditions. From the evaluation, it can be seen that even for some heavy metals namely As, Cr, Sb, and Zn has been an increase in the concentration value but has not yet reached the polluted level and the ecological risk of heavy metals in the sediments also still provides a low ecological risk.
Safety Study of topaz irradiation management at the in core RSG-GAS Position
Authors: Sihombing Edison , Prasuad W. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Safety study of topaz irradiation management at the core rsg-gas position. A study of the management of Topaz stones in the irradiation process in the core position of the Multipurpose reactor G.A Siwabessy in the Batan Serpong (PRSG) has been carried out. A complex process of management because it must meet the technical and administrative requirements of the nuclear power supervisory body (BAPETEN), national and international transportation, and its safety management aspects. From the results of a study of hazard control and risk assessment (HIRADC) a risk rating with rating B is obtained, fulfilling the exposure aspect of container surface according to international transportation requirements (IATA) of <0.4 micro Sv/hour, production requirements as well as fulfilling transportation permits In a predictable safety aspect, a management strategy has been made so that the potential hazards can be overcome, because the results of this study show that Topaz management in in-Core positions with acceptable risk and supervision is required. fulfill administrative requirements, permit the production and be safe for the executor, transportation and environment and fulfill the requirements for re-export.
Design of low-flow oxygen monitor and control system for respiration and SpO2 rates optimization
Authors: Puspitasari Ayu Jati , Famella Deshinta , Sulthonur Ridwan M , Khoiri M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The importance of respiration rates and oxygen saturation (SpO2) monitoring and the high need for oxygen therapy opens the opportunity for the development of non-invasive respiration rate and oxygen saturation monitoring and controlling system. There are two modes of controlling in this system, automatic and manual mode. In automatic mode, the oxygen flow rate is based on the measurement of the respiration rate using the MLX90614 temperature sensor and tidal volume determination based on the patient’s body weight. Oxygen flow control uses a DC motor to open and close the oxygen regulator valve. Oxygen flow will stop when the respiration rate and oxygen saturation level are normal. Oxygen saturation is measured using the MAX30100 sensor. The fabricated regulator control system is capable of flowing oxygen by 5-8 liters per minute using an oxygen mask. The respiration rate measurement was compared with the palpation test, and the deviation was 0.99%. Oxygen saturation reading that used MAX30100 as an oximeter sensor was compared with pulse oximeter fingertip reading, and the deviation was 1.62%. The average flow deviation between the fabricated regulator control system and the calibrated regulator is 2.93%. The result of measuring the response time of the motor for an increase of one liter per minute (LPM) is 1.54 seconds.
A study on radiation dose estimation of argon-41 and nitrogen-16 airborne released from the Kartini research reactor
Authors: Salam M , Elisabeth S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A study on radiation doses estimation of Argon-41 and Nitrogen-16 airborne released from the Kartini research reactor is already carried out. Kartini reactor is a research reactor with the operating license of 100 KW. Estimation of radiation doses due to the radionuclide released in the airborne from the operating reactor is absolutely needed. This study is performed in order to estimate the internal dose contributions of the Argon-41 and N-16 received by radiation workers as well as the society in the reactor vicinity and to ensure that their dose contributions to the environment are still below the allowable limit value. Argon-41 and Nitrogen-16 are the activation products of gases containing Argon and Oxygen dissolved into primary coolant and released through the ventilation system. The estimated doses were calculated based on the fraction of Ar-41 and N-16 released to the environment through a reactor stack. The discharge rate was calculated by the normal condition for 400 hours of reactor operating in one year. The results showed that the estimated dose for the worker in the reactor building was 0.403 μSv/year, while the society in the reactor building vicinity was 4.45 x 10−3 μSv/year. This value is very small compared to the dose constraint that appointed at Center for Accelerator Science and Technology which is 15 mSv/year for the radiation worker and 0.3 mSv/year for the society surrounding Yogyakarta Nuclear Facility.
Determination of Potassium in Foodstuffs Consumed in Mamuju Indonesia by Neutron Activation Analysis
Authors: As’ari A H , Yusuf S , Mulyaningsih T R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient and one of the main minerals in the blood as a counterweight to electrolyte and blood pressure. Decreasing K intake can be one of the causes of increased blood pressure. Mamuju is one area with high hypertension cases. Potassium is widely obtained from foodstuffs. In this study, food was collected from the markets in Mamuju Indonesia and analyzed using neutron activation analysis to determine K concentration. The results for the meat and egg category show that beef has a higher potassium concentration than chicken meat, and Negeri chicken eggs are higher than Kampung chicken eggs. For the vegetable category, six samples have very high concentrations of potassium, namely caisim, kemangi, fern leaves, chinese cabbage, spinach, and beans; and the spices namely turmeric and kencur have high concentrations of potassium. For the fish and seafood category, tilapia has the highest potassium concentration and the lowest shrimp. For staples, the highest concentration of potassium is found in potatoes, the lowest in sticky rice; and the processed soybeans, tempeh has a higher potassium concentration than tofu. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to daily potassium intake by looking at the combination of food and potassium concentration in it, such as by increasing consumption of vegetable foods. On the other hand, high potassium intake needs to be followed by a reduction in sodium and salt intake in food.
Non-destructive Evaluation of Nuclear Grade IG-110 Graphite Using Constant Potential X-Ray
Authors: Himawan R. , Sutrasno  , Santoso S.B. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The main structures of the High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor’s core are made of graphite material. High temperature and the high flux of neutron exposure in the HTGR reactor affects the integrity of graphite material. In order to ensure the integrity of the graphite materials, and in-service non-destructive inspection is needed. Commonly, prior to the operation, the radiography technique is conducted to evaluate the graphite material. The aim of this study is to develop a non-destructive inspection method in order to evaluate the quality of graphite materials. Five specimens made from nuclear grade graphite IG-110 produced by Toyo Tanso, Co. Ltd has been radiographically tested using X-ray constant potential machine to evaluate the graphite material. The parameter of the energy and intensity of X-ray has also been used in this computed radiography technique with a white type of phosphor imaging plate. A scanning machine of HD CR 35 NDT with 50 μm laser size and a 300 rpm scan rate equipped with a 16-bit system has been used to result in the digital image of the graphites. The results show that the increase of energy and intensity of the radiation to some extent produces better image contrast. The radiograph of the specimens also shows that there is no defect in the material. According to these results, it could be concluded that the digital radiography technique is appropriate for evaluating graphite material.
Validation and calibration of efficiency of various standard source for radioactivity analysis of gamma soil samples
Authors: Purnama D S , Akbari M K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Gamma Spectroscopy is one of the instruments used in measuring the radioactivity of environmental components. However, an efficiency value from the gamma spectroscopy detector is needed in order to obtain an accurate measurement. Efficiency calibration of the detector can be determined from the calibration curve of the standard source used. The calibration curve of a standard source can be affected by the matrix. The study aims to examine the two of the adjacency matrixes from various standard source for radioactivity analysis of gamma soil samples. The efficiency calibration of standard matrix sand (EG-ML) and ore (IAEA-RGU-1) are y = 3.1761x−0,838 and y = 4.3459x−0,913 respectively. The qualitative measurement of the radioactivity analysis was not influenced by differences in the two standard sources used, where the analyzed soil samples contained K-40, Bi-212, Pb-212, Bi-214, Pb-214, Ra-226, and Ac-228 which were natural radionuclides. However, the quantitative results of radioactivity values show differences with a percentage of 1.1% to 26.2% respectively. The validation of the method carried out on each EG-ML and IAEA RGU-1 standard source obtained satisfactory results with a bias value of ⩽ 2% is 1.2% and 4.3%, the precision value of ⩽ 8% is 0.6% and 1.4%, and the value of Z ⩽ 2 is 0.32 and 0.03 respectively.