bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting almost forgotten two ends of the central sulcus of cerebral hemisphere in brains of cadavers
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , B Sinha Manisha , Panda Madhusmita , Mohapatra Chinmayi 
Published: October 2020

: The central sulcus also known as Rolandic Fissure separates the sensory cortex in front from motor cortex behind. The central sulcus starts in or near the superomedial border of the cerebral hemisphere, and ends usually a little above the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus. The central sulcus is the only sulcus that divides the brain at its superior surface. The objective of the present study was to analyse the various types of the central sulcus of cerebral hemisphere with respect to its two ends in the cadavers. A total of 44 cadaveric brains (88 cerebral hemispheres) were studied. The variations at upper end of the central sulcus with respect to the superomedial border of the hemisphere and at its lower end with respect to the posterior ramus of the Sylvian fissure were noted. At the upper end, we found three types of central sulcus – type 1= 68% (those cutting the border and extending on the medial surface), type 2= 23% (those just reaching the border but not reaching the medial surface) and type 3 =9% (those falling short of the border). At the lower end of the fissure, we observed two types of the central sulcus – type 2=83% (those falling short of the posterior ramus of the Sylvian fissure) and type 1=17% (those reaching the posterior ramus of the Sylvian fissure). The variability in the morphology of the cortical gyri and sulci including size, shape and spatial pattern has been previously reported. Such variability raises methodological issues for functional brain mapping1 as well as for lesion localization in neurosurgical planning. This finding will be useful to anatomists, neurosurgeons, radiologists etc. Compared to Chinese population, the percentage of type 2 of the upper end was almost half in our study which represents central India population. Further clinical research is required by radiological examination of the two ends of the central sulcus to determine any association with functional anatomy as well as any correlation with various diseases of the brain.
Histological aspect of left atrial appendage (LAA) with special stain-masson’s trichome
Authors: Gadekar Savita , Pardhi Garima 
Published: October 2020

: The left atrium possess a venous component, a vestibule and an appendage and shares the septum. The structure of the heart undergoes constant adaptation to physiologic changes in the organism. LAA is a major endocrine organ and is the main producer of ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) in the human heart. Atrial cardiocytes of the mammalian heart contain granules which are morphologically similar to those in peptide secreting endocrine cells. The cardiocytes of LAA contain the greatest density of ANF granules found in Left Atrium and it is therefore of interest to carry out further studies on these granules.Looking to the great clinical significance that is given to the morphology of LAA & its predilection as a site for thrombus formation, we’ve conducted a detailed study histologically of LAA. To investigate LAA and study the arrangement of muscle bundles of LAA histologically (with a special stain-Masson’trichome) and these findings were co-related with that described in the literature. The materials for the present study were collected from the Department of Anatomy & Forensic medicine of Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore. Randomly five hearts were selected and slides of LAA from different sites (apex, inferior margin and atrio-auricular junction) were prepared by routine Histological Techniques and stained by Haematoxylin &eosin and Masson’s trichome(special stain)This study of its histological features is an attempt to establish the cause of various pathologies related to arrythmias.
Turismo, Literatura e Tecnologias em Movimento
Authors: Allis Thiago , Fois-Braga Humberto , Moratori Patrick , Fraga Carla Conceição Lana 
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste ensaio é refletir e levantar questões sobre a interface entre turismo, literatura - como expressão de patrimônio cultural - e computação afetiva, partindo dos pressupostos de um paradigma ou giro das mobilidades. De um lado, é considerada a materialidade móvel do literário, como confluência entre duas matérias em movimento: o corpo humano e o corpo do texto, pensando especificamente com base na teoria da recepção literária e suas relações com os meios de transporte. Por outro lado, apartir das contribuições da computação afetiva, novas perguntas são lançadas, considerando a relevância do estudo das emoções e dos avanços computacionais para a temática. Por seu caráter ensaístico, o texto aporta contribuições da literatura nas áreas tratadas, além de indicar caminhos possíveis para estudos futuros.
Ressignificação de expressões culturais de etnicidade para a constituição de um destino de lazer e de turismo na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Bastos Sênia Regina 
Published: October 2020

Fundamentado nos referentes materiais e imateriais associados à imigração, o território no qual se encontram instituições culturais e religiosas, estabelecimentos comerciais e manifestações culturais de distintas etnias que ali se fixaram ao longo do tempo, foi objeto de um programa de orientalização instituído em 1974, e que perpetua desde então no bairro da Liberdade, localizado na cidade de São Paulo/SP. De natureza qualitativa com relação ao objetivo, o artigo centra-se na ressignificação do espaço e de expressões culturais de etnicidade. Propõe-se a historicizar o processo de adequação do bairro para o lazer e o turismo por meio de ajustes de representação das etnicidades e de sua paisagem cultural. Problematiza os ocultamentos e apagamentos desencadeados por esse processo, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, construída por meio da observação, realização de entrevistas e registros fotográficos. Constata-se a longevidade do programa protagonizado pelos japoneses, apesar da vitalidade econômica chinesa, e a reivindicação de narrativa do movimento negro, fortalecida com a aprovação da lei de criação do Memorial dos Aflitos. *O artigo apresenta resultados parciais do Projeto de Pesquisa Turismo e Legado Étnico, Projeto Universal CNPq n. 431942/2016-1
Áreas naturais protegidas: uma reflexão sobre a patrimonialização da natureza pela sociedade ocidental
Authors: Cioffi Giovana , Raimundo Sidnei 
Published: October 2020

A contemporaneidade vem sendo marcada por uma intensificação da pressão para acesso e uso de áreas protegidas, o que compromete o êxito das políticas de conservação ambiental. Nesse sentido, este trabalho buscou analisar o instrumento áreas protegidas dando foco a dois importantes conceitos que remontam ao processo conceitual e material dessas áreas - patrimônio e natureza - de maneira a entender paradigmas e noções que nortearam esse processo e contribuíram para a conjuntura conflituosa na qual se inserem. O trabalho se construiu a partir de uma revisão da literatura direcionada a buscar trabalhos que abordassem criticamente a evolução conceitual dos termos em questão e seus desdobramentos a partir do paradigma dominante que consolida a visão dualística entre natureza e sociedade. Foi observado que o processo de ativação patrimonial tem em sua essencialidade qualidades fortemente ligadas a hierarquia e posse, o que combinado a uma compreensão objetificadora sobre natureza, resultou em um instrumento conservacionista conflituoso, no qual dá-se muita atenção ao atributo que se pretende preservar e pouco às relações históricas-sociais que constituem essas áreas naturais.
New Pharmacogenetic Markers to Predict the Risk of Bleeding During Taking of Direct Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Mirzaev K. B. , Ivashchenko D. V. , Volodin I. V. , Grishina E. A. , Akmalova K. A. , Kachanova A. A. , Skripka A. I. , Minnigulov R. M. , Morozova T. E. , Baturina O. A. , Levanov A. N. , Shelekhova T. V. , Kalinkin A. I. , Napalkov D. A. , Sokolova A. A. , Andreev D. A. , Sychev I. N. , Bochkov P. O. , Sychev D. A. 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To search for new pharmacogenetic biomarkers of bleeding risk in patients taking rivaroxaban and dabigatran for different indications: atrial fibrillation, endoprosthesis of large joints of lower limbs.Material and methods. The study enrolled 29 patients (17 patients received dabigatran and 12 –rivaroxaban), who had hemorrhagic complications during taking direct oral anticoagulants. To find new pharmacogenetic biomarkers of bleeding risk, a next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed for selected candidate genes.Results. Among the patients with bleeding who received dabigatran, 13 variants of the nucleotide sequence showed statistically significant deviation from the population values: 11 in the CES1 gene and 2 in the ABCB1 gene. Among the patients with bleeding who received rivaroxaban, 7 variants of nucleotide sequence showed significant deviation: 4 in the ABCG2 gene, 2 in the CYP3A4 gene, and 1 in the ABCB1 gene.Conclusion. The identified in this study polymorphisms of candidate genes ABCB1, ABCG2, CES1, CYP3A4 were associated with the risk of bleeding in patients taking rivaroxaban and dabigatran. It makes an important contribution to the pharmacogenetics of direct oral anticoagulants and require additional assessment of clinical significance in further studies.
Effect of Amiodarone, Sotalol and Bisoprolol on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Popova E. P. , Puzin S. S. , Bogova O. T. , Puzin S. N. , Sychev D. A. , Fisenko V. P. 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To study the effect of class III antiarrhythmic drugs (amiodarone and sotalol), and the β-blocker bisoprolol on the spectral parameters of heart rate variability in patients with different forms of atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methods. Spectral analysis of heart rate variability of 5-minute electrocardiography intervals was used. The study included patients with newly diagnosed AF and having a duration of the disease from 6 months to 8 years. Arterial hypertension, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction (in history), conduction disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus were diagnosed as comorbidities. The following parameters were calculated: the total power (TP) of the spectrum, the power of very low frequencies (VLF), low frequencies (LF) and high frequencies (HF).Results. In the group of patients with newly diagnosed AF without concomitant diseases after administration of amiodarone, VLF prevails in the spectrum structure, which indicates a significant role of humoral factors in the regulation of heart rate. The power of LF, reflecting the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, prevails over HF power after administration of amiodarone. In patients with newly diagnosed AF, having concomitant diseases, sympathetic influences prevail over parasympathetic ones by 3.6 times after administration of amiodarone. In the group of patients who have reduced the number of comorbidities, the LF/HF decreases and is only 1.66 after administration of amiodarone. The decrease in the number of negative factors is also accompanied by an increase in the influence of the vagus nerve on the activity of the heart. In the study of the effects of sotalol, the LF/HF in this group was twice lower in the group of patients with long-term AF. In patients receiving bisoprolol as antiarrhythmic therapy, the proportion of LF in the group of patients with newly diagnosed AF is 2 times lower, and the proportion of HF is twice higher than in the group of patients with long-term AF.Conclusion. The effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on the spectral parameters of heart rate variability depends on the duration AF. The presence of concomitant diseases of the cardiovascular system can significantly change the effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on the spectral parameters of heart rate variability and is accompanied by an increase in sympathetic activity. In patients with newly diagnosed AF, amiodarone and sotalol cause a similar effect – the predominance of sympathetic influence; when using bisoprolol, the predominant influence belongs to the vagus nerve. In patients with long-term AF, the opposite effect of drugs is observed: the use of amiodarone is accompanied by a more pronounced influence of the vagus nerve, and bisoprolol – the predominance of sympathetic influence. When using sotalol, sympathetic influences also prevail, more pronounced in patients with newly diagnosed AF.
Halal Tourism in the Context of Tourism Sector in Tunisia: Controversies, Challenges, and Opportunities
Authors: Vandromme Selah 
Published: October 2020

This paper examines the development of the tourism industry in Tunisia from its independence in 1956 to contemporary Tunisia with a special focus on the development of halal tourism. In assessing the tourism sector in Tunisia, a typology is used. This typology makes it clear that Tunisia is a prominent tourist destination in several types of tourism, including beach tourism, while in other types it remains underdeveloped. Regarding the emerging form of halal tourism, Tunisia is lagging behind in its development. This may come as a surprise given the fact that Tunisia is a popular tourist destination and a Muslim majority country. Although there are different reasons for this, I would argue that many things can be explained by looking at the political context in Tunisia. The reluctance of government actors hinders the profound development of halal tourism. The policies that have been put forward in the past by Bourguiba and Ben Ali have had an undeniable impact on the general opinion of contemporary Tunisian society on this matter. Even though Tunisia is faced with challenges, Tunisia can still be a suitable country for halal tourism while maintaining other forms of tourism.Keywords: Tunisia, halal tourism, religious tourism, opportunities and challenges.
Study on Mine Pressure Control by Ground Fracturing High-level Hard Rock Strata
Authors: Gao Rui , Kuang Tiejun , Zhang Yanqun , Zhang Wenyang , Quan Chunyang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The high-level thick and hard strata are the main reason for the presence of a strong ground pressure during extra-thick coal seam mining, however, there is no active and effective control technology. This paper proposes the method of ground fracturing hard roofs, and the physical simulation was used to study the control effect of ground fracturing on the strata structure and energy release. The results showed that the ground fracturing changed the structural characteristics of the strata, reduced the energy release intensity and overburden movement spatial extent, which had a significant control effect on the ground pressure. The Datong mining area was selected as the engineering background, a ground horizontal well fracturing engineering test was conducted on site, and a 20-m-thick hard rock layer, which was 110 m vertically above from the coal seam, was determined as the fracturing target layer. On-site microseismic monitoring showed that the crack propagation length was up to 216 m, and the height was up to 50 m. On-site mine pressure monitoring showed that the roadway deformation was reduced to 100 mm, the periodic weighting characteristics of the hydraulic supports were not obvious, the ground pressure in the working face was significantly controlled, which proved the ground fracturing successful. Ground fracturing changed the breaking characteristics of the high-level hard strata, which is beneficial to ameliorate the stress concentration in the stope and provide an effective approach of hard rock control.
Dampak media pembelajaran kisah keteladanan terhadap karakter peduli sosial dan prestasi belajar anak sekolah dasar
Authors: Rahmawati Selly , Dewi Nony Kumala 
Published: October 2020

Membaca dapat mengembangkan pengetahuan, kreativitas, imajinasi dan pola berpikir seseorang. Namun realitanya budaya membaca masyarakat Indonesia sangat rendah. Untuk meningkatkan minat baca, pemerintah dan masyarakat Indonesia telah melaksanakan program-program literasi. Namun program tersebut umumnya hanya dilakukan secara simbolis dan ceremonial. Belum banyak sekolah yang memiliki kebijakan melaksanakan pengintegrasian kegiatan literasi dalam pembelajaran di kelas. Pemanfaatan media pembelajaran kisah keteladanan merupakan satu cara untuk mengintegrasikan kegiatan literasi dalam pembelajaran. Pemanfaatan media kisah keteladanan ini dapat meningkatkan karakter peduli sosial dan prestasi. Pemberian media kisah keteladanan memberikan factor penggerak diluar diri siswa kemudian menginternalisasi dalam factor internal siswa. Kisah Nabi Sulaiman yang dipilih untuk penelitian ini juga memuat nilai teladan peduli sosial. Nilai tersebut merupakan stimulus yang diberikan untuk mempengaruhi sikap siswa. Kisah tersebut dapat mendorong perkembangan psikologis dan emosional yang dapat menanamkan nilai-nilai pedagogis sehingga dapat mempengaruhi pribadi dan membentuk sikap-sikap moral keteladanan. ABSTRACTReading can develop a person's knowledge, creativity, imagination, and thinking patterns. However, the reading culture of Indonesian society is deficient. To increase interest in reading, the government and the people of Indonesia have implemented literacy programs. However, these programs are generally only carried out symbolically and ceremonially. Not many schools have policies to integrate literacy activities into learning. The use of exemplary story learning media is a way to integrate literacy activities into learning. The use of exemplary story media can increase the character of social care and achievement. Providing exemplary story media provides a driving factor outside of the student then internalizes it in the student's internal factor. The story of Prophet Sulaiman chosen for this study also contains exemplary values of social care. This value is a stimulus given to influence student attitudes. This story can encourage psychological and emotional development that can instill pedagogical values to influence individuals and shape exemplary moral attitudes.
Educational research in Switzerland since World War II as reflected in its institutions and its themes from recent history to some present issues and some perspectives for the near future
Authors: Gretler Armin 
Published: October 2020

In the institutional development of educational research in Switzerland since World War II, five important phenomena are identified: 1) the spectacular increase in the number of research institutions between 1965 and 1975 mainly due to the then emerging interest of politicians in educational research (in this place, the accent is put not on university institutions, but on the new research and development units within public administration); 2) the creation of partially market-oriented research institutions within university departments in the nineties; 3) the rapidly growing importance of small and very small private educational R&D-enterprises in the nineties; 4) the restructuring linked to New Public Management of several educational R&D-institutions within cantonal public administration, and 5) the creation of a few institutions enhancing the identity of educational research and the cooperation between research, politics, administration and teaching. The identification of research themes over the last fifty years poses some methodological problems. It seems that there is a rather stable «courant normal» mainly in psycho-pedagogical research and research in didactics; in addition, there are a few themes such as the contribution of education to economic growth and international competitivity, and curriculum research which have been important at the beginning as well as at the end of the observed period. From recent history, the article finally goes over to some present issues and some perspectives for the near future.
La démocratisation de l’enseignement en France depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale
Authors: Prost Antoine 
Published: October 2020

Cet article dresse un bilan de la démocratisation de l’enseignement en France. Il rappelle les origines de cette politique dans la première moitié du siècle. Il explique pourquoi elle a attendu les années 1959-63 pour se réaliser: c’est alors la réforme de l’école moyenne et la première vague de croissance, jusqu’au milieu des années ’70. Il analyse ensuite la seconde vague de croissance qui bouleverse la morphologie des lycées à partir de 1985. La question des résultats se pose alors: ces politiques ont-elles réduit les inégalités sociales devant l’école?
La réponse est nuancée. L’ouverture du collège, puis des lycées, a facilité l’accès des enfants modestes aux études et réduit globalement les inégalités. Mais, à l’intérieur de ce mouvement d’ensemble, l’inégalité entre les différentes filières a évolué de façon variable: elle s’est probablement réduite jusqu’au milieu des années ’60; elle s’est ensuite stabilisée, voire creusée, en raison des procédures sélectives et de l’orientation instituée en 1973; enfin, les décisions de 1985 ont sans doute un peu relancé la démocratisation. Mais les espoirs dont elle était porteuse n’ont pas été satisfaits.
Situated cognition and learning: From conceptual frameworks to classroom investigations
Authors: Allal Linda 
Published: October 2020

This article examines the basic concepts which frame this field of investigation, the diversification of theoretical positions which guide current work, and the lines of debate between advocates of cognitive versus situated perspectives on learning. Recent developments in classroom-based research on situated learning are discussed in two subject-matter areas: writing and mathematics. Certain implications for didactics, as developed in the French-speaking research community, are briefly mentioned. In conclusion, several questions are raised concerning unresolved issues in understanding how to design instructional contexts that foster situated learning.
L’élève acteur des relations famille-école: stratégies de transmission des messages
Authors: Tessaro Walter 
Published: October 2020

Familles et école sont aujourd’hui obligées de coopérer, ce qui conduit notamment à de nouvelles formes de relations entre parents et enseignants. Ces modifications nécessitent de reconsidérer la place de l’élève dans l’interface famille-école, en envisageant celui-ci à la fois comme produit et acteur des processus sociaux. Notre recherche tente de mieux définir les stratégies mises en place par l’élève lors de la transmission de messages entre sa famille et l’école. L’efficacité de ces stratégies est directement liée à la connaissance scolaire, c’est-à-dire à la représentation des normes, des interdits, des rituels et des enjeux relationnels. Les résultats montrent l’importance du contenu du message à propos du type de stratégie mis en place: les élèves manifestent notamment un comportement plus audacieux lorsqu’ils se trouvent face à des messages qui contiennent des aspects évaluatifs.