bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting gamified learning systems using educational data mining techniques
Authors: Daghestani Lamya F. , Ibrahim Lamiaa F. , Al‐Towirgi Reem S. , Salman Hesham A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) provides opportunities to improve the effectiveness of e‐learning by increasing students' engagement. Adaptive e‐learning uses AI to support individual learners by responding to their different learning needs which can be determined by analyzing their navigation history of e‐learning systems using data mining methods. Educational data mining (EDM) discovers new patterns of learning and teaching to facilitate the process of decision‐making to serve education improvement. Gamification is another way of increasing students' engagement by using game elements in a nongame context. In this paper, the gamification technique and EDM methods were used in combination with adaptive learning to increase the students' engagement and learning performance. An adaptive gamified learning system (AGLS) was developed which combines gamification, classification, and adaptation techniques to increase the effectiveness of e‐learning. This paper studies the impact of gamification and adaptive gamification on the effectiveness of e‐learning through increasing students' engagement and learning performance. AGLS was applied to the data structure course. Results showed that adaptive gamification has a positive effect on students' engagement and learning performance compared to just gamification.
Sex differences in 1‐year clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention with COMBO stents: From the COMBO collaboration
Authors: Chandrasekhar Jaya , Kerkmeijer Laura S. , Kalkman Deborah N. , Sartori Samantha , Aquino Melissa B. , Woudstra Pier , Beijk Marcel A. , Tijssen Jan G. , Koch Karel T. , Hájek Petr , Atzev Borislav , Hudec Martin , Ong Tiong K. , Mates Martin , Borisov Borislav , Warda Hazem M. , den Heijer Peter , Wojcik Jaroslaw , Iñiguez Andres , Coufal Zdeněk , Khashaba Ahmed , Munawar Muhammad , Gerber Robert T. , Yan Bryan P. , Lee Michael , Baber Usman , Dangas George D. , Colombo Antonio , de Winter Robbert J. , Mehran Roxana ,   the MASCOT and REMEDEE investigators (full list of collaborators shown in the Appendix)
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe COMBO drug eluting stent is a novel device with luminal endothelial progenitor cell capture technology for rapid homogeneous endothelialization.Methods and resultsWe examined for sex differences in 1‐year outcomes after COMBO stenting from the COMBO collaboration, a pooled patient‐level dataset from the MASCOT and REMEDEE multicenter registries. The primary endpoint was 1‐year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel‐myocardial infarction (TV‐MI), or clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD‐TLR). Secondary outcomes included stent thrombosis (ST). Adjusted outcomes were assessed using Cox regression methods. The study included 861 (23.8%) women and 2,753 (76.2%) men. Women were older with higher prevalence of several comorbidities including diabetes mellitus. Risk of 1‐year TLF was similar in both sexes (3.8% vs. 3.9%, HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.59–1.42, p = .70), without sex differences in the incidence of cardiac death (1.6% vs. 1.5%, p = .78), TV‐MI (1.5% vs. 1.1%, p = .32), or CD‐TLR (2.0% vs. 2.2%, p = .67). Definite or probable ST occurred in 0.4% women and 1.0% men (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.06–1.11, p = .069).ConclusionsDespite greater clinical risks at baseline, women treated with COMBO stents had similarly low 1‐year TLF and other ischemic outcomes compared to men.
Diagnosis of exon 12‐positive polycythemia vera rescued by NGS
Authors: Geay Antoine , Aral Bernard , Bourgeois Valentin , Martin Pauline , Airaud Fabrice , Garrec Céline , Bézieau Stéphane , Gardie Betty , Girodon François 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA JAK2V617F‐negative polycythemia associated with low serum epo needs to be tested for an exon 12 JAK2 mutation. When negative, due to potential serious complications in PV, a next generation sequencing is necessary to rule out false negative results.
Furan Carboxylic Acids Production with High Productivity by Cofactor‐engineered Whole‐cell Biocatalysts
Authors: Zhang Xue‐Ying , Wang Xin , Li Nan‐Wei , Guo Ze‐Wang , Zong Min‐Hua , Li Ning 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFuran carboxylic acids are useful chemicals in various industries. In this work, biocatalytic production of furan carboxylic acids was reported with high productivities by cofactor‐engineered Escherichia coli cells. NADH oxidase (NOX) was introduced into E. coli harboring aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) to promote intracellular NAD+ regeneration, thus significantly enhancing ALDH‐catalyzed oxidation. These engineered biocatalysts were capable of efficient aerobic oxidation of a variety of aromatic aldehydes. More importantly, they exhibited high substrate tolerance toward toxic furans. E. coli co‐expressing vanillin dehydrogenase and NOX (E. coli_CtVDH1_NOX) enabled efficient oxidation of 250 mM of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furancarboxylic acid (HMFCA), providing a productivity of 3.7 g/L h. With E. coli_CtVDH2_NOX as catalyst, up to 240 mM of furfural and 5‐methoxymethylfurfural (MMF) could be smoothly oxidized. 2‐Furoic acid (FCA, 227 mM) and 5‐methoxymethyl‐2‐furancarboxylic acid (MMFCA, 287 mM) were produced in fed‐batch synthesis, providing the productivities of 2.0 and 5.6 g/L h, respectively.
Regioselective Hydroformylation of Internal and Terminal Alkenes via Remote Supramolecular Control
Authors: Linnebank Pim R. , Ferreira Stephan Falcão , Kluwer Alexander M. , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRegioselective catalytic transformations using supramolecular directing groups are increasingly popular as it allows for control over challenging reactions that may otherwise be impossible. In most examples the reactive group and the directing group are close to each other and/or the linker between the directing group is very rigid. Achieving control over the regioselectivity using a remote directing group with a flexible linker is significantly more challenging due to the large conformational freedom of such substrates. Herein, we report the redesign of a supramolecular Rh–bisphosphite hydroformylation catalyst containing a neutral carboxylate receptor (DIM pocket) with a larger distance between the phosphite metal binding moieties and the DIM pocket. For the first time regioselective conversion of internal and terminal alkenes containing a remote carboxylate directing group is demonstrated. For carboxylate substrates that possess an internal double bond at the Δ‐9 position regioselectivity is observed. As such, the catalyst was used to hydroformylate natural monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in a regioselective fashion, forming of an excess of the 10‐formyl product (10‐formyl/9‐formyl product ratio of 2.51), which is the first report of a regioselective hydroformylation reaction of such substrates.
Post‐mortem tissue donation programs as platforms to accelerate cancer research
Authors: Dankner Matthew , Issa‐Chergui Badia , Bouganim Nathaniel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGiven recent advances in the treatment of cancer, patients are surviving longer but frequently develop treatment‐resistant and inoperable metastases. Biomedical research has advanced to the stage where in‐depth study of these lesions is feasible, with the goal of further refining our understanding of metastatic dissemination, therapeutic resistance and inoperable tumors. However, there is a lack of tissue specimens derived from multiple metastatic sites within the same patient that would permit the study of these processes. Furthermore, patients with rapidly progressing or metastatic disease are rarely candidates for surgery, making those most in need of innovation and discovery extremely difficult to study. For this reason, post‐mortem tissue donation programs are an approach that is quickly gaining traction in the cancer research community. Herein, we discuss what post‐mortem tissue donation entails, attitudes towards these procedures, and highlight important studies already utilizing these resources. In addition, we propose future directions for use of this tissue that can directly improve clinical management of advanced cancer patients.
Pre‐existing heterologous T‐cell immunity and neoantigen immunogenicity
Authors: Leng Qibin , Tarbe Marion , Long Qi , Wang Feng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNeoantigens are tumor‐specific mutated proteins that are exempt from central tolerance and are therefore capable of efficiently eliciting effective T‐cell responses. The identification of immunogenic neoantigens in tumor‐specific mutated proteins has promising clinical implications for cancer immunotherapy. However, the factors that may contribute to neoantigen immunogenicity are not yet fully understood. Through molecular mimicry of antigens arising during cancer progression, the gut microbiota and previously encountered pathogens potentially have profound impacts on T‐cell responses to previously unencountered tumor neoantigens. Here, we review the characteristics of immunogenic neoantigens and how host exposure to microbes may affect T‐cell responses to neoantigens. We address the hypothesis that pre‐existing heterologous memory T‐cell immunity is a major factor that influences neoantigen immunogenicity in individual cancer patients. Accumulating data suggest that differences in individual histories of microbial exposure should be taken into account during the optimisation of algorithms that predict neoantigen immunogenicity.
Comprehensive Phenotyping of Human PB NK Cells by Flow Cytometry
Authors: Del Zotto Genny , Antonini Francesca , Pesce Silvia , Moretta Francesca , Moretta Lorenzo , Marcenaro Emanuela 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe NK cell compartment provides powerful innate defenses against virus‐infected and tumor cells. Specific NK cell receptors control this process and maintain the immune system homeostasis and prevent autoimmunity. A wide variety of NK cell subsets with different functional capabilities exist and this reflects not only the different maturation stages of NK cells but also different microenvironments in which they can operate. In this review, we will give an overview on the various NK cell subsets present in peripheral blood of healthy donors in order to clearly and univocally identify them on the basis of their phenotypic traits using flow cytometry. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Effect of immunomodulation on cardiac remodelling and outcomes in heart failure: a quantitative synthesis of the literature
Authors: Bajaj Navkaranbir S. , Gupta Kartik , Gharpure Nitin , Pate Mike , Chopra Lakshay , Kalra Rajat , Prabhu Sumanth D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsImmunomodulation in heart failure (HF) has been studied in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with variable effects on cardiac structure, function, and outcomes. We sought to determine the effect of immunomodulation on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), LV end‐diastolic dimension (LVEDD), and all‐cause mortality in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) through meta‐analyses and trial sequential analyses (TSAs) of RCTs.Methods and resultsPubMed, Embase®, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically reviewed to identify RCTs that studied the effects of immunomodulation in patients with HFrEF. The primary endpoint in this analysis was change in LVEF. Secondary outcomes were changes in LVEDD and all‐cause mortality. TSA was used to quantify the statistical reliability of data in the cumulative meta‐analyses. Nineteen RCTs with 1341 HFrEF subjects were eligible for analyses. The aetiology of HF, specific immunomodulation strategy, and treatment duration were variable across trials. Immunomodulation led to a greater improvement in LVEF [mean difference: +5.7% 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.0–8.5%, P < 0.001] and reduction in LVEDD (mean difference: −3.7 mm, 95% CI: −7.0 to −0.4 mm, P = 0.028) than no immunomodulation in meta‐analyses and TSAs. We observed a non‐significant decrease in all‐cause mortality among those on immumomodulation (risk ratio: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.4–1.3, P = 0.234), but the Z‐curve for cumulative treatment effect of immunomodulation in the TSA did not cross the boundary of futility.ConclusionsImmunomodulation led to improved cardiac structure and function in patients with HFrEF. While these benefits did not translate into a significant improvement in mortality, our analysis suggests that larger studies of targeted immunomodulation are needed to understand the true benefits.
Impaired proteolysis by SPPL2a causes CD74 fragment accumulation that can be recognized by anti‐CD74 autoantibodies in human ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: van Kempen Tessa S. , Leijten Emmerik F.A. , Lindenbergh Marthe F.S. , Nordkamp Michel Olde , Driessen Christoph , Lebbink Robert‐Jan , Baerlecken Niklas , Witte Torsten , Radstake Timothy R.D.J. , Boes Marianne 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is associated with autoantibody production to class II MHC‐associated invariant chain peptide, CD74/CLIP. In this study, we considered that anti‐CD74/CLIP autoantibodies present in sera from AS might recognize CD74 degradation products that accumulate upon deficiency of the enzyme signal peptide peptidase‐like 2A (SPPL2a). We analyzed monocytes from healthy controls (n = 42), psoriatic arthritis (n = 25), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 16), and AS patients (n = 15) for SPPL2a enzyme activity and complemented the experiments using SPPL2a‐sufficient and ‐deficient THP‐1 cells. We found defects in SPPL2a function and CD74 processing in a subset of AS patients, which culminated in CD74 and HLA class II display at the cell surface. These findings were verified in SPPL2a‐deficient THP‐1 cells, which showed expedited expression of MHC class II, total CD74 and CD74 N‐terminal degradation products at the plasma membrane upon receipt of an inflammatory trigger. Furthermore, we observed that IgG anti‐CD74/CLIP autoantibodies recognize CD74 N‐terminal degradation products that accumulate upon SPPL2a defect. In conclusion, reduced activity of SPPL2a protease in monocytes from AS predisposes to endosomal accumulation of CD74 and CD74 N‐terminal fragments, which, upon IFN‐γ‐exposure, is deposited at the plasma membrane and can be recognized by anti‐CD74/CLIP autoantibodies.
Grape Seed Oil Characterization: A Novel Approach for Oil Quality Assessment
Authors: Dabetic Nevena M. , Todorovic Vanja M. , Djuricic Ivana D. , Antic Stankovic Jelena A. , Basic Zorica N. , Vujovic Dragan S. , Sobajic Sladjana S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe amount of organic pomace, left behind agricultural processes, is continuously rising in accordance with industrial progress. Grape pomace, generated in the wine industry all over the world, represents a raw material for obtaining valuable products. Grape seeds are especially rich in oil containing bioactive compounds that can have various health‐related effects. The aim of the study is to compare the quality of seed oils obtained from six white grapes, including two Serbian autochthonous varieties. Linoleic acid, associated with numerous health benefits, is the major fatty acid in all samples (≈66% of total); α‐tocopherol is the main tocopherol homologue. Total polyphenol content ranges from 73.4 to 104.3 mg of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g. In order to provide comprehensive information about antioxidant capacity of grape seed oil (GSO), three tests are performed (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power; 2,2’‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl, and 2,2’‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid) radical scavenging). Antimicrobial activity is investigated against different strains; however, GSO inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Obtained results are used to develop a novel approach for oil quality assessment. Calculated oil quality scores (OQS) reveal no significant difference between international and autochthonous varieties, although Smederevka stands out as the most potent one.Practical applications: Considering the progressive waste increase in the wine industry and keeping in mind all health‐promoting effects of grape seed oil (GSO), it is clearly observed that oil production represents a profitable and sustainable utilization of grape seeds. The results of the present study show that GSO is a rich source of compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In addition, this work provides deeper insight into a quality of Serbian autochthonous grape varieties that are still insufficiently explored. Furthermore, the proposed oil quality score could be used as a comprehensive and unbiased method that enables quality assessment of oils. This tool can find practical application in comparing different plant oils regarding their compositional and functional properties. Finally, it would contribute to making some general oil intake recommendations.
An extensible frame structure for time division multiple access medium access control in vehicular ad‐hoc networks
Authors: Sun Yuanxin , Zhang Ziheng , Li Xiaoping , Xiao Sa , Tang Wanbin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMotivated by the near collision‐free broadcasting performance of time division multiple access vehicular ad‐hoc network medium access control, we propose an extensible frame structure to adapt the varying vehicle traffic density. The scheme aims to provide high reliable and low latency performance. Additionally, the proposed scheme fully considers the nonideal transmission environment, with some mechanisms making the protocol work properly with physical layer errors. We provide the complete specification of the protocol in order to implement the protocol through hardware or software. Then, an algorithm is designed to attain the low latency and high reliable performance. The algorithm assesses the transmission latency based on the current condition, and adjusts the frame length based on the assessment. Finally, a system‐level simulation platform is implemented to verify our proposed scheme. The simulation platform considers a Manhattan grid scenario. Besides, the channel fading, modulation and coding schemes, and user mobilities are considered in the simulation platform. The simulation results show the cost and the advantages of our proposed scheme.
Capacity enhancement of NOMA‐SWIPT IoT relay system with direct links over rayleigh fading channels
Authors: Rauniyar Ashish , Engelstad Paal , Østerbø Olav N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIt is known that when the direct links between the base station (BS) and the users exist and are nonnegligible, consolidating direct links could significantly enhance the performance of the cooperative relaying systems. Therefore, taking the impact of direct link into account, in this article, we investigate the capacity enhancement of the nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) for the Internet of Things (IoT) relay systems over the Rayleigh fading channels. Specifically, for the considered NOMA‐SWIPT system with direct links, we study a time‐switching energy harvesting (EH) architecture in which a BS transmits two symbols to the two users through the direct links and via an EH‐based relay node. On the receiving user node, we employ maximum ratio combining (MRC) to show the capacity enhancement of the considered system. Moreover, analytical expressions for the Ergodic capacity and Ergodic Sum Capacity are mathematically derived for the MRC and single signal decoding scheme, and the analytical expressions are corroborated with the Monte‐Carlo simulation results. This not only reveals the effect of different EH parameters on the system performance, but it also demonstrates the capacity enhancement of the considered NOMA‐SWIPT system compared to a similar system without direct links and to conventional OMA schemes.
Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from retail foods in northern Xinjiang, China
Authors: Li Yingjiao , Zhang Mei , Luo Juan , Chen Jiluan , Wang Qingling , Lu Shiling , Ji Hua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo determine antimicrobial resistance, 431 samples of retail foods purchased at different supermarkets in Northern Xinjiang were examined in this study. There were 112 Escherichia coli strains that were isolated, with approximately 26% of the samples contaminated by E. coli. The detection rate of E. coli isolated from pork was the highest (59.6%), followed by mutton (52.6%), retail fresh milk (52.4%), duck (36.4%), beef (35.3%), chicken (33.3%), and ready‐to‐eat food (12.9%); the E. coli detection rate for fish and vegetables was <11%. The result showed that the 112 isolates were mostly resistant to tetracycline (52%), followed by ampicillin (42%), compound trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (37%), amoxicillin (33%), and nalidixic acid (32%), imipenem resistance was not detected. One hundred isolates carried at least one antimicrobial resistance gene. The detection rate of resistance genes of our study was as follows: tetA (38%), tetB (27%), blaOXA (40%), blaTEM (20%), floR (20%), sul1 (16%), sul2 (27%), aadAla (19%), aadB (11%), strA (28%), and strB (24%); tetC and blaPSE were not detected. Virulence genes fimC, agg, stx2, fimA, fyuA, papA, stx1, and eaeA were found in 52, 34, 21, 19, 6, 3, 2, and 2 isolates, respectively; papC was not detected. There was a statistically significant association between fimC and resistance to ciprofloxacin (p = .001), gentamicin (p = .001), amikacin (p = .001), levofloxacin (p = .001), and streptomycin (p = .001); between fimA and resistance to tetracycline (p = .001), ampicillin (p = .001), compound trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (p = .001), and amoxicillin (p = .003); between agg and resistance to gentamicin (p = .001), tetracycline (p = .001), ciprofloxacin (p = .017), and levofloxacin (p = .001); and between stx2 and resistance to ampicillin (p = .001), tetracycline (p = .001), compound trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (p = .002), and amoxicillin (p = .015).
Flavor quality evaluation system of Xinjiang milk knots by using SOM neural network and the fuzzy AHP
Authors: Wei Zhisheng , Ma Xueping , Zhan Ping , Tian Honglei , Li Kaixuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSelf‐made milk knots in Xinjiang Kazakh ethnic group were used as material to establish the quality assessment system of flavor quality. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process based on the optimal consistency matrix was used to evaluate the quality of the samples qualitatively and quantitatively. Its result is consistent with the cluster analysis of the SOM neural network. The results showed that the milk knot samples of Altay had differences with the milk knot samples of Yili. The comprehensive evaluation system is feasible and can evaluate the quality of milk knot samples by flavor characteristics. This can provide a reference for further research on the origin of differences between two types of milk knot samples.