bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care seeking behavior of people with common mental disorders in São Paulo-Brazil
Authors: dos Santos Gustavo de Brito Venâncio , Goldbaum Moisés , César Chester Luiz Galvão , Gianini Reinaldo José 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Mental health in developing countries is a keen area for improvements. Epidemiological research in this field helps to reinforce information, generate hypothesis and guide police makers. This study intends to analyze patterns of care seeking among cases of common mental disorders (CMD) in São Paulo city in 2015.

Methods
The data is from the population-based survey ISA-Capital 2015 and the screening for common mental disorders follows the Self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20). The study analyses care seeking according to sociodemographic and health conditions.

Results
The prevalence of CMD was 19.7% (95% CI 18.2–21.4%). There was a higher prevalence of CMD among who sought care in last 30 days (25.4%). Among CMD cases, care seeking presented significant different prevalence ratio (PR) for: women (PR 1.13; 95% CI 1.05–1.2); age 60 years or more (PR 1.13; 95% CI 1.05–1.22) and 30–44 years (PR 1.10; 95% CI 1.01–1.2); brown skin (PR 0.92; 95% CI 0.86–0.97); single or divorced (PR 0.93; 95% CI 0.89–0.99); unemployed (PR 1.06; 95% CI 1.01–1.12); last 15 days referred morbidity (PR 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.34); physical disability (PR 1.11; 95% CI 1.06–1.18); and chronic disease (PR 1.15; 95% CI 1.07–1.24).

Conclusion
Identifying vulnerable groups and developing proper public health actions is important to promote equity accessibility. Analysing care seeking behavior among people with CMD is a strong contribution.
Knockdown of Son, a mouse homologue of the ZTTK syndrome gene, causes neuronal migration defects and dendritic spine abnormalities
Authors: Ueda Masashi , Matsuki Tohru , Fukada Masahide , Eda Shima , Toya Akie , Iio Akio , Tabata Hidenori , Nakayama Atsuo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractZhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim (ZTTK) syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, brain malformation, facial dysmorphism, musculoskeletal abnormalities, and some visceral malformations is caused by de novo heterozygous mutations of the SON gene. The nuclear protein SON is involved in gene transcription and RNA splicing; however, the roles of SON in neural development remain undetermined. We investigated the effects of Son knockdown on neural development in mice and found that Son knockdown in neural progenitors resulted in defective migration during corticogenesis and reduced spine density on mature cortical neurons. The induction of human wild-type SON expression rescued these neural abnormalities, confirming that the abnormalities were caused by SON insufficiency. We also applied truncated SON proteins encoded by disease-associated mutant SON genes for rescue experiments and found that a truncated SON protein encoded by the most prevalent SON mutant found in ZTTK syndrome rescued the neural abnormalities while another much shorter mutant SON protein did not. These data indicate that SON insufficiency causes neuronal migration defects and dendritic spine abnormalities, which seem neuropathological bases of the neural symptoms of ZTTK syndrome. In addition, the results support that the neural abnormalities in ZTTK syndrome are caused by SON haploinsufficiency independent of the types of mutation that results in functional or dysfunctional proteins.
Biomarker-driven management strategies for peripheral T cell lymphoma
Authors: Mulvey Erin , Ruan Jia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPeripheral T cell lymphomas are heterogeneous diseases which remain treatment challenges. Recent advances in molecular and genomic profiling have provided unprecedented insight into disease pathogenesis driven by distinct cells of origins and molecular pathways. The discovery and clinical application of molecular biomarkers in PTCL subtypes has the potential to transform personalized care for patients with PTCL in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Targeting CD30+ PTCL with the antibody-drug conjugate brentuximab vedotin in the relapsed setting and in combination with chemotherapy in the frontline setting has improved patient survivals. Epigenetic modifying agents, including HDAC inhibitors and hypomethylating agents, have demonstrated broad clinical efficacy and durability and are in clinical development for combination strategies for both relapsed and frontline settings. Wide-ranging novel agents targeting critical intracellular pathways and tumor microenvironment are in active exploration to define clinical activities. This review summarizes PTCL-specific biomarkers which are increasingly incorporated in clinical practice to guide precision diagnosis and personalized treatment.
TFEB-NF-κB inflammatory signaling axis: a novel therapeutic pathway of Dihydrotanshinone I in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Wang Qiyan , Li Weili , Zhang Qian , Jiang Yanyan , Guo Dongqing , Sun Xiaoqian , Lu Wenji , Li Chun , Wang Yong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Doxorubicin is effective in a variety of solid and hematological malignancies. Unfortunately, clinical application of doxorubicin is limited due to a cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Dihydrotanshinone I (DHT) is a natural product from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge with multiple anti-tumor activity and anti-inflammation effects. However, its anti-doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) effect, either in vivo or in vitro, has not been elucidated yet. This study aims to explore the anti-inflammation effects of DHT against DIC, and to elucidate the potential regulatory mechanism.

Methods
Effects of DHT on DIC were assessed in zebrafish, C57BL/6 mice and H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Echocardiography, histological examination, flow cytometry, immunochemistry and immunofluorescence were utilized to evaluate cardio-protective effects and anti-inflammation effects. mTOR agonist and lentivirus vector carrying GFP-TFEB were applied to explore the regulatory signaling pathway.

Results
DHT improved cardiac function via inhibiting the activation of M1 macrophages and the excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines both in vivo and in vitro. The activation and nuclear localization of NF-κB were suppressed by DHT, and the effect was abolished by mTOR agonist with concomitant reduced expression of nuclear TFEB. Furthermore, reduced expression of nuclear TFEB is accompanied by up-regulated phosphorylation of IKKα/β and NF-κB, while TFEB overexpression reversed these changes. Intriguingly, DHT could upregulate nuclear expression of TFEB and reduce expressions of p-IKKα/β and p-NF-κB.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrated that DHT can be applied as a novel cardioprotective compound in the anti-inflammation management of DIC via mTOR-TFEB-NF-κB signaling pathway. The current study implicates TFEB-IKK-NF-κB signaling axis as a previously undescribed, druggable pathway for DIC.
Clinical outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute traumatic lung injury: a retrospective study
Authors: Lee Hong Kyu , Kim Hyoung Soo , Ha Sang Ook , Park Sunghoon , Lee Hee Sung , Lee Soo Kyung , Lee Sun Hee 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Therapeutic extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a challenging procedure in patients who have experienced severe trauma. Particularly, patients with traumatic lung injury and posttraumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have a high risk of bleeding during this procedure. This study aimed to determine the safety and feasibility of ECMO in patients with traumatic ARDS.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed medical records and investigated the clinical outcomes of ECMO in 42 patients with traumatic ARDS, among whom near-drowning (42.9%) was the most frequent cause of injury.

Results
Thirty-four of 42 patients (81%) survived and were discharged after a median hospital stay of 23 days. A multivariate analysis identified a lactate level (odds ratio: 1.493, 95% confidence interval: 1.060–2.103, P = 0.022) and veno-venous (VV) ECMO (odds ratio: 0.075, 95% confidence interval: 0.006–0.901, P = 0.041) as favorable independent predictors of survival in patients with traumatic ARDS who underwent ECMO. The optimal cut off value for pre-ECMO lactate level was 10.5 mmol/L (area under the curve = 0.929, P = 0.001). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the survival rate at hospital discharge was significant higher among the patients with a pre-ECMO lactate level of 10.5 mmol/L or less compared with patients with pre-ECMO lactate level greater than 10.5 mmol/L (93.8% versus 40.0%, respectively; P = 0.01).

Conclusions
ECMO yielded excellent survival outcomes, particularly in patients with low pre-treatment lactate levels who received VV ECMO. Therefore, ECMO appears safe and highly feasible in a carefully selected population of trauma patients.
Possible advantages of early stabilization of spinal fractures in multiply injured patients with leading thoracic trauma - analysis based on the TraumaRegister DGU®
Authors:   TraumaRegister DGU®, Hager Sven , Eberbach Helge , Lefering Rolf , Hammer Thorsten O. , Kubosch David , Jäger Christoph , Südkamp Norbert P. , Bayer Jörg 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Major trauma often comprises fractures of the thoracolumbar spine and these are often accompanied by relevant thoracic trauma. Major complications can be ascribed to substantial simultaneous trauma to the chest and concomitant immobilization due to spinal instability, pain or neurological dysfunction, impairing the respiratory system individually and together. Thus, we proposed that an early stabilization of thoracolumbar spine fractures will result in significant benefits regarding respiratory organ function, multiple organ failure and length of ICU / hospital stay.

Methods
Patients documented in the TraumaRegister DGU®, aged ≥16 years, ISS ≥ 16, AISThorax ≥ 3 with a concomitant thoracic and / or lumbar spine injury severity (AISSpine) ≥ 3 were analyzed. Penetrating injuries and severe injuries to head, abdomen or extremities (AIS ≥ 3) led to patient exclusion. Groups with fractures of the lumbar (LS) or thoracic spine (TS) were formed according to the severity of spinal trauma (AISspine): AISLS = 3, AISLS = 4–5, AISTS = 3 and AISTS = 4–5, respectively.

Results
1740 patients remained for analysis, with 1338 (76.9%) undergoing spinal surgery within their hospital stay. 976 (72.9%) had spine surgery within the first 72 h, 362 (27.1%) later on. Patients with injuries to the thoracic spine (AISTS = 3) or lumbar spine (AISLS = 3) significantly benefit from early surgical intervention concerning ventilation time (AISLS = 3 only), ARDS, multiple organ failure, sepsis rate (AISTS = 3 only), length of stay in the intensive care unit and length of hospital stay. In multiple injured patients with at least severe thoracic spine trauma (AISTS ≥ 4) early surgery showed a significantly shorter ventilation time, decreased sepsis rate as well as shorter time spend in the ICU and in hospital.

Conclusions
Multiply injured patients with at least serious thoracic trauma (AISThorax ≥ 3) and accompanying spine trauma can significantly benefit from early spine stabilization within the first 72 h after hospital admission. Based on the presented data, primary spine surgery within 72 h for fracture stabilization in multiply injured patients with leading thoracic trauma, especially in patients suffering from fractures of the thoracic spine, seems to be beneficial.
Identification of novel biomarkers for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy using iTRAQ
Authors: Zhu Yuanyuan , Yun Yajing , Jin Meifang , Li Gen , Li Hong , Miao Po , Ding Xin , Feng Xing , Xu Lixiao , Sun Bin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
A prompt diagnosis of HIE remains a challenge clinically. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) via a novel proteomic approach, the isobaric tags for absolute and relative quantification (iTRAQ) method.

Methods
Blood samples were collected from neonates with mild (n = 4), moderate (n = 4), or severe (n = 4) HIE who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Children’s Hospital of Soochow University between Oct 2015 and Oct 2017. iTRAQ was performed in HIE patients and healthy controls (n = 4). Bioinformatics analyses including Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed to evaluate the potential features and capabilities of the identified differentially expressed proteins.

Results
A total of 51 commonly differentially expressed proteins were identified among the comparisons between mild, moderate, and severe HIE as well as healthy controls. Haptoglobin (HP) and S100A8 were most significantly up-regulated in patients with HIE and further validated via real-time PCR and western blotting. The differentially expressed proteins represented multiple biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions and were markedly enriched in complement and coagulation cascades.

Conclusions
HP and S100A8 may serve as a potential biomarker for neonatal HIE and reflects the severity of HIE. The complement and coagulation cascades play crucial roles in the development of neonatal HIE.
Italian pediatric respiratory society recommendations on pediatric pulmonary function testing during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Italian Pediatric Respiratory Society (IPRS) Committee Members, Bignamini Elisabetta , Cazzato Salvatore , Cutrera Renato , Ferrante Giuliana , La Grutta Stefania , Licari Amelia , Lombardi Enrico , Midulla Fabio , Piacentini Giorgio , Pifferi Massimo , Santamaria Francesca , Tancredi Giancarlo , Turchetta Attilio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Effective prevention and control strategies are mandatory to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main text
The Italian Pediatric Respiratory Society promotes a series of new recommendations that should be followed in pulmonary function testing laboratories during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion
Pulmonary function testing should be performed in children with chronic lung disease only if it is needed to guide management and limited to the necessary tests, namely spirometry. When performed, strict infection control measures should be followed due to the potential risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2.
The psycho-social effects of COVID-19 on Italian adolescents’ attitudes and behaviors
Authors: Buzzi Carlo , Tucci Maurizio , Ciprandi Riccardo , Brambilla Ilaria , Caimmi Silvia , Ciprandi Giorgio , Marseglia Gian Luigi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is an emerging issue that has significant consequences on psycho-social well-being.

Methods
In this regard, a survey was conducted on a large group of adolescents in Italy. The survey investigated four items: concerns and fears, information on the pandemic, provisions of public authorities (e.g., lockdown), and impact on everyday life.

Results
Adolescents actively participated in the survey. COVID-19 affected emotions and lifestyle. COVID-19 influenced relationships with peers and parents. There were regional differences.

Conclusions
The current research highlighted the remarkable, healthy, and certainly unexpected, emotional balance of the new generations in the face of a sudden, unpredictable phenomenon capable of jeopardizing life itself. While understanding the gravity of the phenomenon and willingly adapting to all the necessary precautions, the adolescents still seemed to express an excellent ability to manage situations of insecurity and to deal with unfavorable and adverse conditions by adapting to the new routine and finding alternative and innovative means of meeting their social and psychological needs.
Association between maternal HIV infection and birthweight in a tertiary hospital in southern Ethiopia: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zenebe Andualem , Eshetu Betelhem , Gebremedhin Samson 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and low birth weight (LBW) continue to be significant public health concerns in many low-income countries including Ethiopia. Yet the effect of maternal HIV infection on birth weight has not been thoroughly explored and the existing studies reported opposing findings. We examined the association between maternal HIV infection and LBW in a tertiary hospital in Southern Ethiopia.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the medical records of 277 HIV-negative and 252 HIV-positive mothers who gave singleton live birth between September 2014 to August 2017 in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. The recodes were identified using systematic sampling approach and relevant information were extracted by using pretested extraction form. Multivariable binary logit model was fitted to examine the relationship between the exposure and outcome while adjusting for potential confounders. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) is used for summarizing the findings of the analysis.

Results
The mean (± standard deviation) birth weight of infants born to HIV-negative women (3.1 ± 0.7 kg) was significantly higher than those born to HIV-positive counterparts (3.0 ± 0.6 kg) (p = 0.020). The prevalence of LBW was also significantly higher in the HIV-exposed group (22.2%) than the non-exposed group (13.7%) (p = 0.011). In the logit model adjusted for multiple covariates, HIV-positive women had four times increased odds than HIV-negative women to give birth to LBW infant(AOR = 4.03, 95% CI: 2.01–8.06). Other significant predictors of LBW were rural place of residence (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.16–3.60), prenatal anemia (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.71–5.90), chronic hypertension (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.10–12.46) and preeclampsia (AOR = 6.80, 95% CI: 3.00–15.38).

Conclusion
Maternal HIV infection is associated with increased odds of LBW. HIV prevention activities are also likely to contribute for the reduction of LBW.
A randomized controlled study of immediate versus delayed umbilical cord clamping in infants born by elective caesarean section
Authors: De Bernardo Giuseppe , Giordano Maurizio , De Santis Rita , Castelli Paola , Sordino Desiree , Trevisanuto Daniele , Buonocore Giuseppe , Perrone Serafina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Delayed umbilical cord clamping is associated with greater haemoglobin concentration and iron storage between 3 and 6 months of life and with less need of blood transfusion and lower incidence of neonatal hypotension compared to early umbilical cord clamping.

Methods
The aim was to test the hypothesis that delayed cord clamping is better than early cord clamping in term infants born by elective caesarean section. Group A was subjected to immediate cord clamping while in the Group B, the umbilical cord was clamped 1 min after birth. Primary aim was revealed the difference in pre-ductal saturation between two groups while secondary aim was investigating the difference in HR, Ht, bilirubin and glycaemia. Pre-ductal SpO2 and HR were recorded at 5 and 10 min after birth, T was analysed 10 min after birth, glycaemia was revealed at 120 min while Ht and bilirubin were collected at 72 h.

Results
132 newborns were enrolled in the study and allocated in ratio 1:1 to group A or B. Delayed cord clamping did not improve SpO2, HR and T values compared to immediate cord clamping (p > 0,05). However, Group B showed greater haematocrit and bilirubin values at 72 h compared to Group A (56,71 ± 6663 vs 51,56 ± 6929; p < 0,05 and 8,54 ± 2,90 vs 7,06 ± 2,76; p < 0,05). Glycaemia value did not differ between two groups (p > 0,05).

Conclusions
Group B did not reveal any differences in SpO2, HR, T and glycaemia compared to Group A. Group B showed greater values of haematocrit and bilirubin but without need of phototherapy.

Trial registration
Umbilical Cord Clamping: What Are the Benefits; NCT03878602. Registered 18 March 2019 retrospectively registered.
Neonatal ten-year retrospective study on neural tube defects in a second level University Hospital
Authors: Piro Ettore , Serra Gregorio , Schierz Ingrid Anne Mandy , Giuffrè Mario , Corsello Giovanni 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Aim of this retrospective study was to describe clinical characteristics, diagnostic work-up, management and follow-up of newborns with neural tube defects (NTDs), admitted to the Mother and Child Department of the University Hospital of Palermo, in a ten years period.

Methods
The medical records of 7 newborns (5 males and 2 females) admitted, over a 10-year period from January 2010 to March 2020, to our Department on the first day of life were reviewed. Analyzed data were related to familiar and/or maternal risk factors (consanguinity, maternal preexisting and/or gestational diseases, exposure to teratogen/infectious agents, lack of preconception folic acid supplement), demographic (ethnicity/origin, residence) and clinical features (eventual use of assisted reproduction techniques, prenatal diagnosis, gestational age, fetal presentation, type of delivery, birth weight, preoperative imaging, antibiotics and analgesics use, description of the surgery intervention, length of hospital stay, comorbidities, complications), and follow-up.

Results
In our sample we observed a wide spectrum of NTDs: 3 newborns had open NTDs, namely myelomeningocele (2 lumbosacral, one of which associated with extradural lipoma, and 1 sacral), and 4 closed ones, including 2 with meningocele (occipital), 1 filar lipoma associated with dermal sinus, and 1 terminal myelocystocele. Our patients were discharged between 8 and 22 days of life.
The neurodevelopmental follow-up showed a favorable outcome for 4 of the 7 patients, and the appearance over time of neurological impairment (motor and/or autonomic) in the newborns with open NTDs.

Conclusions
This study describes familiar and/or maternal risk factors and demographic and clinical features of a single-center series of newborns with NTDs. It may provide a further outline of the actual phenotypic spectrum of these malformations, and new insights into epidemiological aspects and comprehensive management of the patients, including diagnostic work-up and follow-up evaluations.