bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Storage characteristics of two‐spotted cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer) powder according to drying method and storage temperature
Authors: Lee Ha Eun , Bang Won Yeong , Kim Yeojin , Bae Sujin , Hahn Dongyup , Jung Young Hoon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn order to broaden the usability of the two‐spotted cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer) as a food ingredient, we investigated the effects of freeze‐drying and hot air‐drying, as well as the effects of storage at various temperatures (4–40°C), on the quality of cricket powder during short‐term storage. We found that the water absorption index values of freeze‐dried and hot air‐dried powder were 3.6 and 3.0 g/g, respectively, while the pH and color values of the powders were similar for the two drying methods. During storage at various temperatures over 14 days, water absorption and pH remained similar regardless of the drying method and storage temperature. However, freeze‐dried powder showed more color change compared to air‐dried powder according to their chroma values. In total bacteria and Escherichia coli detection tests, Escherichia coli was not detected under all storage conditions, whereas total bacteria were observed (~4 Log CFU/g) only in freeze‐dried powder stored for 14 days at 40°C. Therefore, our results suggest that the quality characteristics of two‐spotted cricket powder can be affected by the drying method applied, but these powders can be maintained for 14 days, largely without changes, at storage temperatures up to 40°C.
Adverse events in meditation practices and meditation‐based therapies: a systematic review
Authors: Farias M. , Maraldi E. , Wallenkampf K. C. , Lucchetti G. 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveMeditation techniques are widely used as therapy and wellbeing practices, but there are growing concerns about its potential for harm. The aim of the present study is to systematically review meditation adverse events (MAEs), investigating its major clinical categories and its prevalence.MethodWe searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase and AMED up to October 2019. Eligible studies included original reports of meditation practices (excluding related physical practices such as Yoga postures) with adult samples across experimental, observational and case studies. We identified a total of 6742 citations, 83 of which met the inclusion criteria for MAEs with a total of 6703 participants who undertook meditation practice.ResultsOf the 83 studies analysed, 55 (65%) included reports of at least one type of MAE. The total prevalence of adverse events was 8.3% (95% CI 0.05–0.12), though this varied considerably across types of studies – 3.7% (95% CI 0.02–0.05) for experimental and 33.2% (95% CI 0.25–0.41) for observational studies. The most common AEs were anxiety (33%, 18), depression (27%, 15) and cognitive anomalies (25%, 14); gastrointestinal problems and suicidal behaviours (both 11%, 6) were the least frequent.ConclusionWe found that the occurrence of AEs during or after meditation practices is not uncommon, and may occur in individuals with no previous history of mental health problems. These results are relevant both for practitioners and clinicians, and contribute to a balanced perspective of meditation as a practice that may lead to both positive and negative outcomes.
Efficacy of different irrigation activation systems on bacterial extrusion
Authors: Uğur Aydın Zeliha , Erdönmez Demet , Ateş Melis Oya , Doğan Tülin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the quantity of extruded bacteria following with EndoVac, EDDY, EndoActivator (EA) and standard needle irrigation (SNI). Ninety teeth with a single root and canal were included in this study. Fifteen teeth were selected as the negative control group to confirm sterilization. Seventy‐five teeth were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) for 4 weeks. Teeth were prepared and divided into five groups (n:15): EndoVac, EDDY, EA, SNI and positive control groups. The extruded bacteria were cultured for bacterial quantification. The counts of extruded bacteria were lower in the EndoVac group compared to the EDDY group (P˂ 0.05). The counts of extrusion bacteria were not different in EA and SNI groups compared to EDDY and EndoVac groups (P > 0.05). Within the limits of this study, EndoVac was found to be more reliable irrigation systems than EDDY in terms of the bacterial extrusion.
Trends in preterm birth in twin pregnancies in Victoria, Australia, 2007–2017
Authors: Burger Renée J. , Temmink Sofieke , Wertaschnigg Dagmar , Ganzevoort Wessel , Reddy Maya , Davey Mary‐Ann , Wallace Euan Morrison , Mol Ben‐Willem 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundPreterm birth is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. In many countries, the preterm birth rate in women with a multiple pregnancy is increasing, mostly due to an increase in iatrogenic preterm birth.AimsTo investigate trends in preterm birth in twin pregnancies in Victoria, Australia, in relation to maternal and perinatal complications.Materials and methodsWe conducted a retrospective population‐based cohort study in all women with a twin pregnancy who delivered at or after 20 weeks of gestation in the state of Victoria, Australia between 2007 and 2017. Annual spontaneous and iatrogenic preterm birth rates were calculated and trends analysed. Incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, maternal complications and risk factors for preterm birth were analysed.ResultsWe studied 12 757 women with a twin pregnancy. Between 2007 and 2017 the preterm birth rate increased from 641/1231 (52%) to 803/1158 (69%), mainly due to an increase in iatrogenic preterm birth from 342/1231 (28%) to 567/1158 (49%). This was irrespective of the presence of pregnancy complications. Our study showed neither a decrease in perinatal mortality from 28 weeks of gestation nor in preterm average weekly prospective stillbirth risk.ConclusionPreterm birth rates in twins in Victoria are increasing, mainly driven by an increase in iatrogenic preterm birth. This occurred both in complicated and non‐complicated twin pregnancies, and has not been accompanied by reduction in perinatal mortality from 28 weeks.
A batch‐effect adjusted Simon's two‐stage design for cancer vaccine clinical studies
Authors: Wang Chenguang , Wang Zhixin , Rosner Gary L. , Huh Warner K. , Roden Richard B.S. , Bae Sejong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the development of cancer treatment vaccines, phase II clinical studies are conducted to examine the efficacy of a vaccine in order to screen out vaccines with minimal activity. Immune responses are commonly used as the primary endpoint for assessing vaccine efficacy. With respect to study design, Simon's two‐stage design is a popular format for phase II cancer clinical studies because of its simplicity and ethical considerations. Nonetheless, it is not straightforward to apply Simon's two‐stage design to cancer vaccine studies when performing immune assays in batches, as outcomes from multiple patients may be correlated with each other in the presence of batch effects. This violates the independence assumption of Simon's two‐stage design. In this paper, we numerically explore the impact of batch effects on Simon's two‐stage design, propose a batch‐effect adjusted Simon's two‐stage design, demonstrate the proposed design by both a simulation study and a therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccine trial, and briefly introduce a software that implements the proposed design.
COVID‐19 und Immunregulation – von grundlegenden und translationalen Aspekten zu klinischen Implikationen
Authors: Schön Michael P. , Berking Carola , Biedermann Tilo , Buhl Timo , Erpenbeck Luise , Eyerich Kilian , Eyerich Stefanie , Ghoreschi Kamran , Goebeler Matthias , Ludwig Ralf J. , Schäkel Knut , Schilling Bastian , Schlapbach Christoph , Stary Georg , von Stebut Esther , Steinbrink Kerstin 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie durch SARS‐CoV‐2 verursachte Pandemie COVID‐19 hat weitreichende direkte und indirekte medizinische Folgen. Dazu gehören sowohl der Verlauf als auch die Behandlung vieler Krankheiten. Es wird immer deutlicher, dass Infektionen mit SARS‐CoV‐2 erhebliche immunologische Veränderungen verursachen können, die insbesondere auch pathogenetisch und/oder therapeutisch relevante Faktoren betreffen.Vor diesem Hintergrund fassen wir hier den aktuellen Wissensstand zur Interaktion von SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19 mit Mediatoren der akuten Phase der Entzündung (TNF, IL‐1, IL‐6), der Typ‐1‐ und Typ‐17‐Immunantwort (IL‐12, IL‐23, IL‐17, IL‐36), Typ‐2‐Immunreaktionen (IL‐4, IL‐13, IL‐5, IL‐31, IgE), B‐Zell‐Immunität, Checkpoint‐Regulatoren (PD‐1, PD‐L1, CTLA4) und Signalwegen, die durch oral applizierte Medikamente moduliert werden (JAK, PDE4, Calcineurin), zusammen. Darüber hinaus diskutieren wir in diesem Zusammenhang die unspezifische Immunmodulation durch Glukokortikosteroide, Methotrexat, Malariamittel, Azathioprin, Dapson, Mycophenolsäure‐Derivate und Fumarsäureester sowie angeborene Immunmechanismen neutrophiler Granulozyten.Aus diesen neueren Erkenntnissen leiten wir mögliche Implikationen für die therapeutische Modulation der genannten immunologischen Mechanismen im Zusammenhang mit SARS‐CoV‐2/COVID‐19 ab. Obwohl natürlich bei Patienten mit immunologisch vermittelten Krankheiten oder immunmodulierenden Therapien größte Vorsicht geboten ist, scheint es, dass viele Behandlungen auch während der COVID‐19‐Pandemie durchgeführt werden können; einige scheinen COVID‐19 sogar zu lindern.
Kontinuierliche medizinische Fortbildung in der Dermatologie für Ärzte und Studierende während der Coronavirus‐Pandemie – eine große Herausforderung
Authors: Martin Alice , Lang Estefanía , Ramsauer Babett , Gröning Thilo , Bedin Gustavo L. , Frank Jorge 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungKontinuierliche medizinische Fortbildung (Continuing Medical Education, CME) ist die wesentliche Grundlage der studentischen Lehre sowie der Aus‐ und Weiterbildung von Ärzten. Eine moderne und adäquate Patientenversorgung ist ohne sie nicht denkbar. Vor kurzem zwang die durch das schwere akute respiratorische Syndrom‐Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) verursachte Pandemie die gesamte medizinische Gemeinschaft, ihre Gewohnheiten bezüglich der medizinischen Fortbildung und Lehre sowie des Lernens in der Medizin zu ändern. Infolgedessen rückten über soziale Medien (Social Media) verbreitete digitale Aus‐, Fortbildungs‐ und Lehrformate, medizinische Online‐Enzyklopädien, webbasierte medizinische Lernportale und medizinische Podcasts in den Vordergrund. In diesem Beitrag geben wir einen Überblick zu aktuelle Konzepten in der medizinischen Online‐Fortbildung, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Dermatologie.
Klinische Merkmale und Behandlungen der transitorischen akantholytischen Dermatose (Morbus Grover): ein systematischer Review
Authors: Bellinato Francesco , Maurelli Martina , Gisondi Paolo , Girolomoni Giampiero 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Morbus Grover (MG) ist eine juckende akantholytische Erkrankung, die bei Männern mittleren Alters am Rumpf auftritt. Ziel dieser Studie war es, eine Zusammenfassung der klinischen Charakteristika, des Krankheitsverlaufs und der Behandlungen des MG auf Grundlage der besten Evidenz zu erstellen. Entsprechend den PRISMA‐Leitlinien wurde ein systematischer Review von Originalarbeiten durchgeführt, die vom 01.01.1970 bis zum 15.08.2019 publiziert wurden. Dabei wurden die klinischen Merkmale und/oder jede Form von Intervention gegen MG bewertet. Insgesamt wurden 263 Artikel erfasst. Davon wurden 116 Originalberichte, welche als relevant erachtet wurden und die Einschlusskriterien erfüllten, in die Analyse eingeschlossen (88 Fallberichte, 26 Fallserien und zwei retrospektive Übersichtsarbeiten). Anhand dieser Artikel wurden 317 Patienten identifiziert. Das Verhältnis von Männern zu Frauen betrug 3,95 und das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 59 Jahren (Bereich 11–92). Typische Läsionen waren juckende Papeln und Papulovesikel, die im Allgemeinen am Rumpf lokalisiert waren, und in 42 % der Fälle innerhalb von einer Woche bis acht Monaten spontan abheilten. Topische Kortikosteroide (TCS) war die häufigste eingesetzte Therapieform (Ansprechrate 70 %), gefolgt von systemischen Retinoiden und Kortikosteroiden mit Ansprechraten von 86 % beziehungsweise 64 %. Den Ergebnissen dieser Untersuchung zufolge scheinen TCS die am häufigsten angewandte Therapiemodalität zu sein, und wir schlagen die TCS als Erstlinientherapie vor. Als Zweitlinienbehandlung kommen systemische Retinoide oder systemische Kortikosteroide in Frage.
Recreational angling demand in a mixed resource fishery
Authors: Grilli Gianluca , Mukhopadhyay Soumyadeep , Curtis John , Hynes Stephen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSeveral large Irish lake fisheries target both pike Esox lucius L. and brown trout Salmo trutta L. Due to predation on trout, pike stocks are actively managed in several locations with the objective of enhancing the trout fishery, which is a policy strongly supported by some trout anglers but intensely opposed by pike anglers. There is a dearth of economic knowledge to support management decisions concerning these mixed resource fisheries. This paper addresses some of that knowledge gap, investigating factors affecting angling recreational demand within these mixed resource fisheries and whether there are significant differences between pike and brown trout anglers. A travel cost model was used to estimate and test whether pike and trout anglers have different demand preferences. The substantive policy‐relevant finding relates not to differences associated with target species but to angling club membership. Angling club members are more price inelastic in their demand and particularly so in the case of trout anglers.
Sense of belonging to an industrial district and knowledge acquisition: The role of strong and trusting interorganizational relations
Authors: Córcoles‐Muñoz Mateo Manuel , Parra‐Requena Gloria , García‐Villaverde Pedro M. , Ruiz‐Ortega María José 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStudying the level of sense of belonging in industrial districts is a key factor in understanding how firms acquire knowledge. This paper focuses on how the strength of ties and trust developed in interorganizational relationships drives the sense of belonging to the industrial district and leads firms to acquire knowledge. The proposed model was applied to a sample of 166 companies located in the industrial districts of the Spanish footwear industry. The findings suggest that the level of sense of belonging alone does not allow firms in industrial districts to directly acquire external knowledge. Only companies that are able to utilize their greater level of sense of belonging to industrial districts to generate strong and trusting relationships with other agents will acquire relevant knowledge. The study provides important empirical and theoretical contributions and several implications for managers.
Prevalence and characteristics of portopulmonary hypertension in cirrhotic patients who underwent both hepatic vein and pulmonary artery catheterization
Authors: Atsukawa Masanori , Tsubota Akihito , Hatano Masaru , Kondo Chisa , Shioda Kaori , Ohno Hiroki , Kawano Tadamichi , Hayama Korenobu , Arai Taeang , Nakagawa‐Iwashita Ai , Itokawa Norio , Kaneko Keiko , Yoshida Yuji , Koeda Mai , Okubo Tomomi , Yamamoto Teppei , Yamamoto Takeshi , Taniai Nobuhiko , Yoshida Hiroshi , Kanazawa Hidenori , Shimizu Wataru , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: August 2020

AimPortopulmonary hypertension (PoPH) is a well‐known complication of liver cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to clarify the pulmonary hemodynamics and the prevalence and characteristics of PoPH in patients with portal hypertension.MethodsThe subjects were 335 patients with portal hypertension diagnosed by hepatic vein pressure gradient (HVPG). Among them, 186 patients received measurements of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). PoPH was diagnosed by PAP >20 mmHg, PVR ≥3 Wood units (WU) and PAWP ≤15 mmHg.ResultsThe Child–Pugh classification was class A in 53, B in 92 and C in 41 patients. Median (range) values of HVPG, PAP, PVR and PAWP were 18.4 (5.5–39.0) mmHg, 12.9 (6.6–40.8) mmHg, 0.8 (0.1–4.5) WU and 7.5 (2.2–15.4) mmHg, respectively. Of six patients with PAP >20 mmHg, four had autoimmune hepatitis or primary biliary cholangitis, with the prevalence being significantly higher than that in patients with PAP ≤20 mmHg. Meanwhile, no significant difference was noted in the hepatic functional reserve or HVPG between patients with PAP >20 mmHg and ≤20 mmHg. Only two patients met the diagnostic criteria of PoPH and both patients were Child–Pugh B. The Child–Pugh score and HVPG were not associated with PoPH.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that only two patients were complicated by PoPH. High PAP values were noted in patients with primary biliary cholangitis or autoimmune hepatitis. However, the presence of PoPH and high PAP were not associated with the degree of hepatic functional reserve or HVPG.
Competitive pricing and innovation investment strategies of green products considering firms' farsightedness and myopia
Authors: Liu Guowei , Cao Hui , Zhu Guowei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith the deterioration of ecological environment and the improvement of consumer environmental awareness, a number of firms are actively engaging in product innovation to enhance product greenness. In this paper, we develop a differential game involving two competing firms, each of which produces and sells one green product to end consumers. The two firms carry out innovation investments to improve customers' perceived product greenness and also determine their own retail prices. Each firm's demand is linearly dependent on its own retail price and innovation investment, the rival's retail price and innovation investment, and the customer perceived product greenness. The objective of our study is to examine the impacts of the competing firms' farsighted and myopic behaviors regarding the consumer perceived product greenness on their pricing and innovation investment strategies and profits. We find the following interesting results. First, when one firm is farsighted and the other is myopic, the latter obtains more profits than the former if one firm's innovation investment has a relatively small direct effect on the other's demand, that is, there is a free‐riding for the myopic firm. Second, when the intensity of competition regarding the two firms' innovation investments is not strong, competing with a farsighted rival can make a firm better off. Third, the scenario that the two firms adopt farsighted strategies can achieve an equilibrium, whereas acting myopic strategies can bring more profits for both of them under some conditions, which leads to a prisoner's dilemma. These results still hold under separable multiplicative demand between retail prices and innovation investments.
Multidrug‐resistant bacteria in diabetic foot infections: Experience from a portuguese tertiary centre
Authors: Pessoa e Costa Tomás , Duarte Bruno , João Ana Luísa , Coelho Miguel , Formiga Ana , Pinto Margarida , Neves José 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn recent years, the emergence of antibiotic resistant pathogens made increasingly difficult to establish appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy protocols for acute diabetic foot infection (DFI) treatment. Early recognition of the population at‐risk for multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacterial infection is of paramount importance in order to decrease large‐spectrum antibiotic overuse. This study used retrospective cohort study in a multidisciplinary tertiary diabetic foot unit. Patients with severe DFI were included and divided according to their infection resistance profile (susceptible vs MDR bacteria). Data regarding their comorbidities and length of hospital stay were collected. The primary endpoint was to determine the risk factors for MDR infections and to evaluate if these were associated with an increased length of stay (LOS). A total of 112 microbial isolates were included. Predominance of Gram‐positive bacteria was observed and 22.3% of isolated bacteria were MDR. Previous hospitalisation was associated with a higher likelihood of MDR infection. MDR bacterial infection was also associated with an increased LOS (P = .0296). Our study showed a high incidence of MDR bacteria in patients with a DFI, especially in those who had a recent hospitalisation. MDR infections were associated with a prolonged LOS and represent a global public health issue for which emergent measures are needed.
Lyopreserved amniotic membrane is cellularly and clinically similar to cryopreserved construct for treating foot ulcers
Authors: Davis Kathryn E. , Killeen Amanda L. , Farrar David , Raspovic Katherine M. , Berriman‐Rozen Zachary D. , Malone Matthew , Lavery Lawrence A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe compared cellular viability between cryopreserved and lyopreserved amniotic membranes and clinical outcomes of the lyopreserved construct in a prospective cohort study of 40 patients with neuropathic foot ulcers. Patients received weekly application of lyopreserved membrane for 12 weeks with standard weekly debridement and offloading. We evaluated the proportion of foot ulcers that closed, time to closure, closure trajectories, and infection during therapy. We used chi‐square tests for dichotomous variables and independent t‐tests for continuous variables with an alpha ofα= .10. Cellular viability was equivalent between cryo‐ and lyopreserved amniotic tissues. Clinically, 48% of subjects' wounds closed in an average of 40.0 days. Those that did not close were older (63 vs 59 years,P= .011) and larger ulcers at baseline (7.8 vs 1.6 cm2,P= .012). Significantly more patients who achieved closure reached a 50% wound area reduction in 4 weeks compared with non‐closed wounds (73.7% vs 47.6%,P= .093). There was no difference in the slope of the wound closure trajectories between closed and non‐closed wounds (0.124 and 0.159,P= .85), indicating the rate of closure was similar. The rate of closure was 0.60 mm/day (SD = 0.47) for wounds that closed and 0.50 mm/day (SD = 0.58) for wounds that did not close (P= .89).