bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT helps to select patients for salvage radical prostatectomy with local recurrence after primary radiotherapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Pfister David , Haidl Friederike , Nestler Tim , Verburg Frederik , Schmidt Matthias , Wittersheim Maike , Steib Florain , Heidenreich Axel 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic performance of gallium‐68 prostate‐specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT) in patients with recurrent prostate cancer with regard to the presence of lymph node metastases (LNM) and local recurrences after primary radiotherapy.Patients and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 142 patients following salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP), 50 of which had a 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT performed as a preoperative staging module. Predictive clinical parameters were analysed in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) and the accuracy of 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT were analysed with regard to LNM and local recurrence.ResultsIn all, 613 lymph nodes were resected in 40 patients and 23 lymph nodes had metastatic deposits in 14 patients. In all patients local recurrence could have been found with 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV and accuracy on a per lymph node basis were 34.78% (16.38–57.2%), 100% (99.38–100%), 100%, 97.52% (96.69–98.15%) and 97.55% (96.00–98.62%). For detecting local recurrence, the sensitivity and PPV were both 100% with an accuracy of 100% (92.89–100%).Conclusion68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT should be the standard imaging in biochemical recurrent prostate cancer. With this imaging module one detects first local recurrence and can detect locoregional and distant metastases more precisely than standard CT and bone scan.
More policies and laws, is it better for biodiversity conservation in Malaysia?
Authors: Tong Pei Sin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMalaysia is a megadiverse country, and it ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1994. Since then, Malaysia has initiated procedures to fulfill its obligations to this multilateral environmental agreement. Among the key developments are the formulation of national biodiversity policies and mainstreaming biodiversity in Malaysia. Drafting biodiversity‐related policies and laws across different sectors is a means to an end in conserving biodiversity. However, the declining forest cover and the relatively high number of threatened species in Malaysia may indicate that biodiversity conservation is not working.
The Programme for International Student Assessment and Google: An analysis of online news in Italy
Authors: Fiore Brunella , Poliandri Donatella 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMedia reporting of results from the survey conducted by the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) have led to far‐reaching reforms in many countries. The study on which this article reports analysed how media has responded to the survey results in the national context of Italy. Governments have been suggested to either accept, refuse or renegotiate survey results. Our research elaborated on how information on PISA results were conveyed by searches on the internet search engine Google. A review of 353 contributions published on 127 different online news portals in the period between 2006 and 2018 was analysed, with focus specifically on political communication. An exploratory documentary analysis, using quantitative and qualitative analyses, was conducted for identifying the most recurrent themes. News from four online news portals that recorded the highest number of contributions is analysed in depth, namely: Corriere della Sera, Il Sole 24 Ore, La Repubblica, and Orizzonte Scuola. Our analysis suggests that the message about PISA results transmitted by the media was neither rejected nor renegotiated in news, nor by those who contribute to political debates. Nor can the message be understood as accepted since a well‐informed active process of public debate in the media and among the political decision makers has not taken place.
Long‐term nitrogen loading alleviates phosphorus limitation in terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Chen Ji , van Groenigen Kees J. , Hungate Bruce A. , Terrer César , van Groenigen Jan‐Willem , Maestre Fernando T. , Ying Samantha C. , Luo Yiqi , Jørgensen Uffe , Sinsabaugh Robert L. , Olesen Jørgen E. , Elsgaard Lars 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIncreased human‐derived nitrogen (N) deposition to terrestrial ecosystems has resulted in widespread phosphorus (P) limitation of net primary productivity. However, it remains unclear if and how N‐induced P limitation varies over time. Soil extracellular phosphatases catalyze the hydrolysis of P from soil organic matter, an important adaptive mechanism for ecosystems to cope with N‐induced P limitation. Here we show, using a meta‐analysis of 140 studies and 668 observations worldwide, that N stimulation of soil phosphatase activity diminishes over time. Whereas short‐term N loading (≤5 years) significantly increased soil phosphatase activity by 28%, long‐term N loading had no significant effect. Nitrogen loading did not affect soil available P and total P content in either short‐ or long‐term studies. Together, these results suggest that N‐induced P limitation in ecosystems is alleviated in the long‐term through the initial stimulation of soil phosphatase activity, thereby securing P supply to support plant growth. Our results suggest that increases in terrestrial carbon uptake due to ongoing anthropogenic N loading may be greater than previously thought.
Therapeutic metamorphosis: Findings from a grounded theory study of the impact of low‐dose prophylaxis in children living with haemophilia in India
Authors: T Rohini , Thomas Gino , Paul Linny , Mathew Sheena , Biss Tina , Hanley John P. , Narayana Pillai Vijayakumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe clinical benefits of administering low‐dose prophylaxis in children with haemophilia are well established. Qualitative research describing the impact of prophylaxis on quality of life is comparatively rare in this area.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate in children the experiences of living and becoming adjusted to haemophilia before prophylaxis, by collecting information directly from children and their parents or guardians. A further goal was to evaluate whether and how the use of low‐dose prophylaxis impacts the disease experience.MethodsA grounded theory design according to Strauss and Corbin was chosen for this study. The study was conducted in the Haemophilia Treatment Centre at Aluva, Kerala, India and involved nineteen participants (children, mothers, father and grandmothers) who were selected by theoretical sampling. Data were collected through audiotaped interviews, which included demographic and semi‐structured interview questions. Data were coded and evolved into concepts and categories that lead to the emergence of theory.ResultsThe study resulted in the construction of ‘Theory of Therapeutic Metamorphosis’. It comprised two stages: stage of bondage (enduring hardships), experienced during the absence of prophylaxis or on‐demand treatment and stage of freedom (deliverance/reductions, energized life/improvements and behaviour to seek prophylaxis) experienced during low‐dose prophylaxis.ConclusionThis study illustrates the challenges faced by children with haemophilia and their families and the positive impact of low‐dose prophylaxis. Further prospective research studies are required to add to the growing knowledge in this area.
The association between influenza infections in primary care and intensive care admissions for severe acute respiratory infection (SARI): A modelling approach
Authors: van Asten Liselotte , Luna Pinzon Angie , van de Kassteele Jan , Donker Gé , de Lange Dylan W. , Dongelmans Dave A. , de Keizer Nicolette F. , van der Hoek Wim 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of severe influenza virus infections is poorly known, for which surveillance of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) is encouraged. Hospitalized SARI patients are however not always tested for influenza virus infection. Thus, to estimate the impact of influenza circulation we studied how influenza in primary care relates to intensive care unit (ICU) admissions using a modelling approach.MethodsWe used time‐series regression modelling to estimate a) the number of SARI admissions to ICU associated with medically attended influenza infections in primary care; b) how this varies by season; and c) the time lag between SARI and influenza time series. We analysed weekly adult ICU admissions (registry data) and adult influenza incidence (primary care surveillance data) from July 2007 through June 2016.ResultsDepending on the year, 0% to 12% of annual SARI admissions were associated with influenza (0‐554 in absolute numbers; population rate: 0/10 000‐0.39/10 000 inhabitants), up to 27% during influenza epidemics. The average optimal fitting lag was +1 week (SARI trend preceding influenza by 1 week), varying between seasons (−1 to +4) with most seasons showing positive lags.ConclusionUp to 12% of yearly SARI admissions to adult ICU are associated with influenza, but with large year‐to‐year variation and higher during influenza epidemics. In most years, SARI increases earlier than medically attended influenza infections in the general population. SARI surveillance could thus complement influenza‐like illness surveillance by providing an indication of the season‐specific burden of severe influenza infections and potential early warning of influenza activity and severity.
Factors associated with postsurgical wound infections among breast cancer patients: A retrospective case‐control record review
Authors: Tan Rachel Zhao Fang , Yong Bernice , Aloweni Fazila Abu Bakar , Lopez Violeta 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWomen with non‐metastatic breast cancer will be offered surgery as their first option. Unfortunately, studies have shown that the most common postoperative complication is surgical wound infection (SWI). We investigated the prevalence of SWI in breast cancer patients and identified the factors predictive of its development. The study was conducted at the breast cancer centre in Singapore. A retrospective case‐control review of medical records was used. During the 2013 to 2016 study period, there were 657 postsurgical breast cancer patients with only 105 records eligible for the study. The sample consisted of one to four case:control (21:84), matched according to their age at the time of their surgery. Patients presenting with SWI were grouped into cases, while those without SWI were grouped into the controls. Chi‐square test and Mann‐Whitney U test were used to identify risk factors associated with SWI. Regression analysis of predictive variables from the univariate analyses was included. These variables were type of breast surgery, implants, comorbidities, previous surgery, previous chemotherapy, surgical drains, seroma, blood transfusion, surgeon department, and length of stay. The prevalence of SWI was 9%. Demographic, clinical, and comorbidities were not associated with SWI. However, multivariate analysis found that “surgeon department,” “discharged with surgical drains,” and “postoperative seroma” were predictive of SWI. Monitoring SWI is indispensable to minimise burdens on individuals and institutions. Health care professionals should identify high‐risk patients based on the identified predictive variables. A cross‐institutional record review of SWI in postoperative breast cancer patients should be conducted.
Safety and efficacy of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with percutaneous atrial septal closure device
Authors: Garg Jalaj , Shah Kuldeep , Turagam Mohit K. , Janagam Pragna , Natale Andrea , Lakkireddy Dhanunjaya 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionTransseptal puncture (TSP) is challenging in patients with prior percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) occluder. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the safety and efficacy of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with percutaneous ASD occluder.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, Ovid, and Cochrane for studies reporting results of AF ablation (freedom from AF, fluoroscopy/procedure time, and complications) in patients with percutaneous ASD occluders.ResultsThree studies with a total of 64 patients met inclusion criteria. The success rate of TSP was 100%. All patients (but one) underwent TSP under fluoroscopic and intracardiac echocardiography guidance. Freedom from AF was achieved in 77.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 65.7–86.3) patients. In the subgroup analysis, comparing septal versus device puncture, no significant difference in recurrence of AF was observed (23.07% vs. 16.66%; risk ratio: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.35–4.00; p = .79, respectively). The total fluoroscopy time was not significantly different in patients with TSP via native septum or device (43.50 vs. 70.67 min; p = .44), total procedural time was significantly longer with TSP via the closure device (237.3 vs. 180 min; p = .004) compared with the native septum. There were no device dislodgement or residual interatrial shunt during the follow‐up period.ConclusionCatheter ablation for AF in patients with prior percutaneous ASD closure device is feasible and safe with favorable long‐term outcomes.
TGFβ2 is a prognostic‐related biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in gastric cancer
Authors: Xiao Zunqiang , Hu Linjun , Yang Liu , Wang Sheng , Gao Yuling , Zhu Qiaojuan , Yang Guo , Huang Dongsheng , Xu Qiuran 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTGFβ2 is an essential regulator of immune cell functionality, but the mechanisms whereby it drives immune infiltration in gastric cancer remain uncertain. The Oncomine and Tumor Immunoassay Resource (TIMER) databases were used for assessing the expression of TGFβ2, after which TIMER was used to explore the relationship between TGFβ2 and tumour immune infiltration. Finally, we assessed how TGFβ2 expression correlated with the expression of a set of marker genes associated with immune infiltration using TIMER and GEPIA. We determined TGFβ2 expression to be significantly correlated with outcome in multiple types of cancer in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with the effect being particularly pronounced in gastric cancer. Furthermore, elevated TGFβ2 expression was found to be significantly correlated with gastric cancer N staging, and with the expression of a variety of immune markers associated with particular immune cell subsets. These results indicate that TGFΒ2 is associated with patient outcome and tumour immune cell infiltration in multiple cancer types. This suggests that TGFβ2 is a key factor which governs immune cell recruitment to gastric cancer tumours, potentially playing a vital role in governing immune cell infiltration and thus representing a valuable prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer patients.
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors compared with other glucose‐lowering drugs in Japan: Subanalyses of the CVD‐REAL 2 Study
Authors: Kohsaka Shun , Takeda Masayoshi , Bodegård Johan , Thuresson Marcus , Kosiborod Mikhail , Yajima Toshitaka , Wittbrodt Eric , Fenici Peter 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThere are limited data on cardiovascular efficacy and safety of type 2 diabetes therapies in Japan, where treatments are characterized by lower metformin use and higher dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor (DPP4i) use versus other countries. We investigated the cardiovascular outcomes in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes initiating sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) matched 1:1 to patients initiating other glucose‐lowering drugs (33,890 patients/group) or DPP4i (9,876 patients/group). SGLT2i initiation was associated with lower risks (hazard ratio of in‐hospital death [death] 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–0.67; hospitalization for heart failure 0.75, 95% CI 0.64–0.89; composite of hospitalization for heart failure or death 0.65, 95% CI 0.58–0.74 and stroke 0.66, 95% CI 0.52–0.84 versus other glucose‐lowering drugs and lower risks of death 0.52, 95% CI 0.36–0.73) and composite of hospitalization for heart failure or death (0.65, 95% CI 0.51–0.83) versus DPP4i. In conclusion, SGLT2i initiators had lower risks of cardiovascular events versus other glucose‐lowering drug initiators and, uniquely, versus DPP4i initiators in Japanese real‐world practice.
CTNNBIP1 modulates keratinocyte proliferation through promoting the transcription of β‐catenin/TCF complex downstream genes
Authors: Wang C. , Wang H. , Peng Y. , Zeng B. , Zhang Y. , Tang X. , Mi L. , Pan Y. , Yang Z. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring psoriasis initiation and development, deregulations in signalling pathways and gene expression are observed.MethodsHerein, we downloaded seven sets of microarray mRNA expression profiles showing differentially expressed genes in psoriasis lesion skin and non‐lesion skin tissues and three sets of RNA‐seq data and analysed these online data attempting to screen for crucial genes related to keratinocyte proliferation and psoriasis development. The expression of CTNNBIP1 in psoriasis patients and IMQ mouse model skin tissues were examined by RT‐PCR, immunoblotting and IHC. The functions of CTNNBIP1 on HaCaT cell proliferation, apoptosis and β‐catenin/TCF complex were measured by MTT, EdU, flow cytometry, IF, luciferase assays and immunoblotting.ResultsThe expression of catenin beta interacting protein 1 (CTNNBIP1) was remarkably downregulated within psoriasis lesion skin tissue samples compared to that within non‐lesion skin tissues based on both online data and experimental results. In response to a period of different therapies, respectively, CTNNBIP1 expression could be rescued in lesion skin tissues. Within IMQ‐induced psoriasis‐like dermatitis in mice, CTNNBIP1 silence further aggravated psoriatic phenotypes. In human immortalized keratinocytes, HaCaT cells, CTNNBIP1 silence significantly inhibited cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation. Regarding the molecular mechanism, CTNNBIP1 silence in HaCaT cells promoted β‐catenin nucleus translocation, enhanced the transcriptional activity of TCF4 and increased β‐catenin/TCF complex downstream c‐Myc and cyclin D1 proteins, and also increased the expression of cell proliferation marker ki‐67. In contrast to CTNNBIP1, the expression of c‐Myc and cyclin D1 showed to be dramatically upregulated within psoriasis lesion tissue samples than that within non‐lesion tissue samples. Within tissues, c‐Myc and cyclin D1 showed to be negatively correlated with CTNNBIP1, respectively.ConclusionsWe identify CTNNBIP1 as an abnormally downregulated gene in psoriasis. CTNNBIP1 silence significantly disturbs the proliferation of keratinocytes through promoting the transcription of β‐catenin/TCF complex downstream genes.
Temporal variability in size and growth of Atlantic herring in the Gulf of Maine
Authors: Becker James R. , Cieri Matthew D. , Libby David A. , St. Gelais Adam , Sherwood Graham , Chen Yong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVariability in life history traits and structural diversity of commercially exploited fishes in response to stress can impact their population dynamics and sustainability. Using data from a fishery dependent sampling program from 1978 to 2011, we evaluated temporal variability of size and growth of adult Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in the Gulf of Maine. We then developed and tested the hypotheses on the links of such temporal changes to population density and environmental factors and found decreases in size and growth potential. Generalized additive models found that density dependence was the main driver of such changes over sea surface temperature and salinity. Our results highlight the importance of density dependent processes in regulating growth and population size structure for Atlantic herring in the Gulf of Maine.
Non‐Pharmacologic Multicomponent Interventions Preventing Delirium in Hospitalized People
Authors: Ludolph Paul , Stoffers‐Winterling Jutta , Kunzler Angela M. , Rösch Romina , Geschke Katharina , Vahl Christian Friedrich , Lieb Klaus 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESDelirium is a common neurobehavioral complication in hospitalized patients with a high prevalence in various clinical settings. Prevention of delirium is critical due to its common occurrence and associated poor outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of multicomponent interventions in preventing incident delirium in hospitalized patients at risk.DESIGNSystematic review and meta‐analysis.SETTINGHospital.PARTICIPANTSWe included a study if it was a randomized controlled trial and was evaluating effects of coordinated non‐pharmacologic multicomponent interventions in the prevention of delirium.MEASUREMENTSWe performed a systematic literature search in PubMed and CENTRAL (PROSPERO: CRD42019138981; last update May 24, 2019). We assessed the quality of included studies by using the criteria established by the Cochrane Collaboration. We extracted the measured outcomes for delirium incidence, duration of delirium, length of hospital stay, falls during hospital stay, discharge to institutional care, and inpatient mortality.RESULTSIn total, we screened 1,027 eligible records and included eight studies with 2,105 patients in the review. We found evidence of an effect (ie, reduction) of multicomponent interventions on the incidence of delirium (risk ratio = .53; 95% confidence interval = .41‐.69; I2 = 0). We detected no clear evidence of an effect for delirium duration, length of hospital stay, accidental falls, and mortality. Subgroup analyses did not result in findings of substantial effect modifiers, which can be explained by the high homogeneity within studies.CONCLUSIONOur findings confirm the current guidelines that multicomponent interventions are effective in preventing delirium. Data are still lacking to reach evidence‐based conclusions concerning potential benefits for hard outcomes such as length of hospital stay, return to independent living, and mortality. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1864‐1871, 2020.
Collagen formula with Djulis for improvement of skin hydration, brightness, texture, crow’s feet, and collagen content: A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Lin Ping , Alexander Ruth Audy , Liang Chia‐Hua , Liu Cheng , Lin Yung‐Hao , Lin Yung‐Hsiang , Chan Leong‐Perng , Kuan Chen‐Meng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of Djulis for skin care is currently based on cellular or animal models, and the clinical aspect is not in place.AimThis clinical study is to investigate the synergistic effect of fish collagen and Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.) for improvement of skin parameters. We used the combination of hydrolyzed collagen and Djulis to develop a new functional formula for skin improvement.Patients/MethodsFifty volunteers were randomly allocated (in a 1:1 ratio) to the placebo or collagen drink group. Volunteers were required to consume a 50 mL of a collagen drink or placebo drink daily for 8 weeks. For measurements, the indexes of skin conditions were measured at the baseline and 4 and 8 weeks.ResultsThe improvements of skin hydration, brightness, crow's feet, texture, wrinkles, pores, spots, and collagen content after 8 weeks in collagen group were 17.8%, 5.4%, 14.9%, 9.9%, 29.3%, 10.4%, 9.9%, and 22.3%, respectively. Noticeably, over 68% of subjects got improved for their skin parameters after 8‐week intake of collagen drink. The improvement levels indicated competitive skin improvement effects in comparison with previous studies.ConclusionThis clinical study demonstrates the synergistic effect of fish collagen and Djulis (the main components) for the substantial improvements in hydration, brightness, crow's feet, texture, wrinkles, pores, surface spots, and collagen content in skin. The collagen drink comprehensively improved skin parameters for most subjects after 4‐week intake and manifested competitive efficiency in comparison with other similar studies. We convince that the collagen drink may delay skin aging process and improve skin aging parameters.