bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Improvement of Parturition Progress by High Intake of Dietary Fibre in Late Gestation is Associated with the Altered Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Sows
Authors: Liu Yang , Jiang Pingping , Chen Nan , Zhang Ruinan , Jiang Yannan , Fang Zhengfeng , Lin Yan , Xu Shengyu , Feng Bin , Zhuo Yong , Wu De , Theil Peter Kappel , Che Lianqiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Gestational intake of dietary fibre improves the parturition progress, which largely affects developmental outcomes of the offspring. Dietary fibre can alter the gut microbiome and production of symbiotic metabolites, e.g. short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). We hypothesized that the improvement of parturition progress by dietary fibre is associated with the symbiotic metabolites generated by the gut microbiome. Methods: Yorkshire sows were randomly given diet containing normal level of fibre (NDF, 16.2% dietary fibre, n = 20) or high level (HDF, 30.1%, n = 20) with other nutrients identical from days 90 of gestation to parturition. Faecal microbiome profiled with 16S amplicon sequencing, SCFAs and metabolome in the faeces and plasma around parturition were compared between the dietary groups. Correlation analysis was conducted to further explore the potential associations between specific bacterial taxa and metabolites. Results: HDF significantly improved the parturition progress, indicated by the shorter parturition duration. HDF increased abundance of the phyla Bacteroidetes and Synergistetes and multiple genera. Except for butyrate, SCFAs levels in the faeces and plasma of sows at parturition were increased in HDF group. The abundances of 15 and 12 metabolites in the faeces and plasma, respectively, markedly differ between HDF and NDF sows. These metabolites are involved in the bacterial metabolism of amino acids, bile acids, SCFAs and dietary fibre. Correlation analysis also showed associations between specific taxa (genera Cellulosilytica and Lachnoclostridia) and metabolites (acetate and isobutyrate).Conclusions: The improvement of parturition process by high fibre intake in late gestation is associated with altered gut microbiome, production of SCFAs and other metabolites, potentially serving for energy metabolism.
Transcriptome-wide assessment of the m6A methylome of intestinal porcine epithelial cells treated with deoxynivalenol
Authors: Wu Zhengchang , Xu Chao , Wang Haifei , Gao Song , Wu Shenglong , Bao Wenbin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a cytotoxic compound found in various food and feed products. N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is a highly abundant epitranscriptomic marker that modifies a wide range of mRNA molecules in mammalian cells. However, the role of the m6A methylome in DON-induced damage remains poorly understood.Results: In this study, we assessed the transcriptome-wide m6A profile of intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) treated with 1000 ng/mL DON by m6A sequencing and RNA sequencing. Overall, 5406 new m6A peaks appeared with the disappearance of 2615 peaks in DON-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Genes that were uniquely m6A-modified following DON treatment were found to be associated with the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. On comparing DON-treated and control cells, we identified 733 differentially expressed mRNAs bearing hyper- or hypomethylated m6A peaks. Further experimental data suggested that METTL3-dependent m6A methylation might also play a role in DON-induced inflammatory response, and CSF2 marker is key functional relevance in the context of DON-induced toxicity. Conclusions: This is the first study to perform a transcriptome-wide assessment of the m6A methylome of IPEC-J2 cells treated with DON. We believe that our findings should be useful for identifying mechanisms whereby m6A modifications influence the outcomes of DON exposure.
Multimodal Monitoring With Haemodynamic Optimisations May Offer Some Benefit for Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery. A Randomised, Controlled Trial.
Authors: Jenko Matej , Mencin Katarina , Novak-Jankovic Vesna , Spindler-Vesel Alenka 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Combined monitoring of blood flow with assessment of fluid status and cerebral tissue oxygenation improve perioperative management and outcome of high-risk surgical patients. The study tests if intraoperative multimodal monitoring reduces postoperative morbidity and duration of hospitalisation in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery managed by same anaesthetic protocols with epidural analgesia.Methods: Prospective study was conducted in 2 parallel groups. High risk surgical patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomised in control group (CG), where standard monitoring was applied and protocol group (PG), where cerebral oxygenation and haemodynamic monitoring were used with protocol for intraoperative interventions.Results: There was no difference in median length of hospital stay, CG 9 days (IQR 8 days), PG 9 (5.5), p= 0.851. There was no difference in postoperative renal of cardiac impairment. Procalcitonin was significantly higher (highest postoperative value in first 3 days) in CG, 0.75 mcg/L (IQR 3.19mcg/L), than in PG 0.3 mcg/L (0.88 mcg/L), p= 0.001. Patents in PG received larger intraoperative amount of fluids; median intraoperative fluid balance +1300 ml (IQR 1063ml) than CG; +375 ml (IQR 438ml), p<0.00.Conclusions: There was no difference in postoperative morbidity or hospital stay. Median postoperative value of procalcitonin was significantly higher in CG and was above laboratory reference range. There were significant differences in intraoperative fluid management.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02293473, Registered June 10, 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/
Adverse Neonatal Birth Outcomes Among Adolescent Pregnancies in Kampala, Uganda Between 2015 –2018
Authors: Serunjogi Robert , Barlow-Mosha Linda , Mumpe-Mwanja Daniel , Williamson Dhelia , Valencia Diana , Tinker Sarah C , Adler Michelle R , Namale-Matovu Joyce , Kalibbala Dennis , Nankunda Jolly , Nabunya Evelyn , Birabwa-Male Doreen , Byamugisha Josaphat , Musoke Philippa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Uganda has one of the highest adolescent pregnancy rates in sub-Saharan Africa. We compared the risk of adverse birth outcomes between adolescents (age 12-19 years) and older mothers (age 20-34 years) in four urban hospitals.Methods: Maternal demographics, HIV status, and birth outcomes of all live births, stillbirths, and spontaneous abortions delivered from August 2015 to December 2018 were extracted from a hospital-based birth defects surveillance database. Differences in the distributions of maternal and infant characteristics by maternal age groups were tested with Pearson’s chi-square. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression to compare the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes among adolescents to older mothers.Results: A total of 100,189 births were analyzed, with 11.1% among adolescent mothers and 89.0% among older mothers. A significantly higher proportion of HIV-infected adolescents were not initiated on antiretroviral therapy by the time of delivery compared to HIV-infected older mothers (8.8% vs 4.4%, p<0.001). Adolescent mothers had an increased risk of preterm delivery (aOR: 1.14; CI: 1.06-1.23), low birth weight (aOR: 1.46; CI: 1.34-1.59), and early neonatal deaths (aOR: 1.58; CI: 1.23-2.02). Newborns of adolescent mothers had an increased risk of major external birth defects (aOR: 1.33; CI: 1.02-1.76), specifically, gastroschisis (aOR: 3.20; CI: 1.12-9.13) compared to older mothers.Conclusions: This study found that adolescent mothers had an increased risk for several adverse birth outcomes compared to older mothers, similar to findings in the region and globally. Interventions are needed to improve birth outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Deviations in Hippocampal Subregion Associated With Cognitive and Physical Frailty in Older Adults With Cognitive Frailty
Authors: Wan Mingyue , Ye Yu , Lin Huiying , Xu Ying , Liang Shengxiang , Xia Rui , He Jianquan , Qiu Pingting , Huang Chengwu , Tao Jing , Chen Lidian , Zheng Guohua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The hippocampus is a complex, heterogeneous structure that is composed of widely different and interacting subregions. Atrophy of these subregions has been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Cognitive frailty is a kind of neurodegenerative disease with unclear neuropathological changes. The aim of this study was to explore the changes in hippocampal subregions in older adults with cognitive frailty and the relationship between subregions and cognitive decline as well as physical frailty.Methods Twenty-six older adults with cognitive frailty and 26 matched healthy controls were included in this study. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale (Fuzhou version) and Wechsler's Memory Scale, while physical frailty was tested with the Chinese version of the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS) and grip strength. The volume of the hippocampal subregions was measured with structural brain magnetic resonance imaging. Partial correlation analysis was carried out between the volumes of hippocampal subregions and MoCA scores, Wechsler’s Memory Quotient and physical frailty indexes.Results A significant volume decrease was found in six hippocampal subregions, including the bilateral presubiculum, the left parasubiculum, molecular layer of the HP, and HATA, and the right CA1 area, in older adults with cognitive frailty (P<0.05/12), while the proportion of brain parenchyma and total number of white matter fibers were lower than those in the healthy controls (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between Wechsler’s Memory Quotient and the size of the left molecular layer of the HP and HATA and the right presubiculum (P<0.05). The sizes of the left presubiculum, molecular of the layer HP, and HATA and right CA1 and presubiculum were found to be positively correlated with MoCA score (P<0.05). The sizes of the left parasubiculum, molecular layer of the HP and HATA were found to be negatively correlated with the physical frailty index (P<0.05).Conclusion Significant volume decrease occurs in hippocampal subregions of older adults with cognitive frailty, and these changes are correlated with cognitive decline and physical frailty. Therefore, the atrophy of hippocampal subregions could participate in the pathological progression of cognitive frailty.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Non-Obese Subjects With Abdominal Obesity is Associated With A Higher Risk of Advanced Cardiovascular Disease: A 14 Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Son Mi Kyoung , Park Ji Hye , Lee Joung-won , Kim Seungwoo , Kim Won Ho 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between non-obese NAFLD and the incidence of CVD is still unclear and little is known about deleterious factors related to their inter-relationship. Here, we investigated the effects of abdominal obesity (AO) and/or NAFLD on CVD risk.Methods We enrolled 8,422 patients who did not have CVD or consume excessive amounts of alcohol at baseline from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). NAFLD was defined using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI). Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2, and AO was defined as a waist circumference (WC) ≥90 cm in men and ≥85 cm in women. Subjects were sub-divided into eight groups depending on whether they were obese, AO, and/or NAFLD.Results In the full cohort, during a median 11.6 years of follow-up period, the incidence rate (IR) of CVD was 8.07%. The IR of CVD in participants with NAFLD was 1.9-fold higher than in those without NAFLD. The IR per 1,000 person-years for CVD was highest in the non-obese abdominal obesity subjects with NAFLD (15.76 [95% confidence interval (CI), 11.76–20.69]). Compared with participants who did not have obesity, AO, or NAFLD, the adjusted hazard ratio for CVD was 1.67 (95% CI: 1.16–2.41) in non-obese NAFLD patients with AO, 1.60 (95% CI: 1.21–2.11) in NAFLD patients with obesity and AO, and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.32–0.91) in obese subjects without either NAFLD or AO.Conclusions The co-occurrence of AO with NAFLD appears to be strongly associated with an increased risk of CVD regardless of obesity; but its risk is higher in non-obese subjects. By contrast, obese individuals without AO or NAFLD appear to be at lower risk. Therefore, early prevention and control of AO and NAFLD is an important means of reducing the risk of CVD, even in subjects with a normal BMI.
Gunshot Injuries: Patterns, Presentations, and Outcomes of Civilian Hospital Experiences in a Developing Country Setting
Authors: GISMALLA MOHAMED Daffalla Awadalla , Bakhiet Mohammed , Koko Mohammedbabalrahma Bashier Ahmed , Kabbashi Abdelrahim 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGunshot injuries are considered a burden as well as one of the intricate emergencies in civilian medical practice. In this study, we aim to determine the pattern of presentation and management outcome in a general hospital in a sub-Saharan country.MethodsThis is a retrospective, descriptive, hospital-based study conducted between January 2015- December 2019 in a general teaching hospital, to review the clinical presentation and management outcome of gunshot injuries. All patients’ records were reviewed during the study period.ResultsOne hundred fifty-seven patients were included in the study, with male predominant 83%. 40% are between 19-30 years of age, with patients under 18 years of age comprising 17% of the population. The common cause of gunshot injuries was personal enmity in 49%. The anatomical sites most affected by gunshot were the lower limb (41.4%) and upper limb (22.9%), and the least impacted site is the perineum (1.9%). The most common diagnoses among the patients in this study were limb fractures (49.7%) and soft tissue injuries (28.7%). Specific treatment in this study is wound debridement, which was done for 91 (58.0 %) patients. Bone fixation, laparotomy, and chest tube insertion were done for the rest of the patients. More than 120 (75%) of patients were treated and discharge in a good condition and 27 (17.2%). The in-hospital mortality rate in this study group was 3.2 %.Conclusion Most of the patients in this study were young males. Upper and lower limb fractures are the most common presentations. Wound debridement, bone fixation, and laparotomy are the most common treatments with significant success rates, despite prolonged hospital stay.
Psychosocial Interventions for Reducing Depression Among the Elderly in Low and Middle Income Countries: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Amanyire Jordan Mutambi , Aheisibwe Irene , Rukundo Godfrey Zari 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: According to the World Health Organization, depression is expected to be the largest contributor to the global disease burden by 2030. Depression is the most frequent cause of emotional distress and reduced quality of life among older people affecting over 12% of the individuals aged 65 or older, . Psychosocial interventions have been proven to be effective in the management of depression. Most of the available evidence is from high income settings, with paucity of information in low and middle income countries which carry the biggest burden of depression and other health challenges. In this systematic review, we will document evidence on psychosocial interventions that have been effective in treatment of depression among elderly people in low and middle income countries. Methods: The review will be conducted and reported in accordance to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. We will include journal articles that have documented the psychosocial interventions in the primary prevention of depressive symptoms in elderly people aged 60 or older. We will also include accessible grey literature about the topic. We will include articles that have documented the psychosocial interventions to address depression in elderly patients in low and middle income countries. We will search different search engines and data bases including PubMed, EMBASE, Psych-INFO, Cochrane Library. We will use a meta-analysis, should we find that there is no heterogeneity between included studies.Discussion: This protocol describes a planned systematic review of observational studies reporting psychosocial interventions in the management of depressive symptoms in elderly people aged 60 or older. We anticipate that once this review is complete and published, our findings will be of interest to the elderly with depressive symptoms, their families and caregivers, students, and other healthcare professionals, scientists and policy makers.Systematic review registration: This protocol will not be registered with PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews since the system is no longer accepting new protocols.
Insomnia in adults with cystic fibrosis: strong association with anxiety/depression and impaired quality of life
Authors: Mulette Pauline , Ravoninjatovo Bruno , Guguen Camille , Barbe Coralie , Dury Sandra , Dumazet Antoine , Perdu Dominique , Perotin Jeanne-Marie , Guillard Thomas , Lebargy François , Deslee Gaetan , Launois Claire 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: While sleep disruption is a common complaint among children with cystic fibrosis (CF), only a few studies have investigated insomnia in adults. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with insomnia in clinically stable adult CF patients.Methods: Twenty-eight CF patients (18M/10F), with a mean age of 28.2 ± 8.5 (mean ± standard deviation) years and a mean forced expiratory volume in one second of 69 ± 31% predicted completed questionnaires on insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index, ISI), sleep quality (PSQI), daytime sleepiness (Epworth), restless legs syndrome (IRLS), pain (NRS), anxiety/depression (HAD) and quality of life (CFQ-R 14+). Respiratory assessment data, including symptoms, sputum analysis, arterial blood gases, 6-minute walking test, pulmonary function tests and polysomnographic variables, were also analyzed. Results: Forty-three percent of patients were insomniac (ISI > 7). Compared with non-insomniac patients (ISI ≤ 7), insomniac patients had more severely impaired quality of life and a higher HAD score: mean anxiety score of 8.9 ± 2.4 vs 4.0 ± 2.4 (p <0.001), mean depression score of 7.3 ± 3.4 vs 2.1 ± 2.2 (p <0.01), with a positive correlation between ISI and HAD anxiety/depression scores (r=0.674/r=0.724, respectively, p <0.001). Insomnia was also associated with restless legs syndrome, pain and lower SpO2 during sleep. Conclusions: The strong association between insomnia, impaired quality of life and increased HAD score should prompt physicians to be particularly attentive to the management of anxiety and depression in adult CF patients with insomnia.Trial registration: on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02924818)
Tacholess Rotational Speed Estimation via The Integration of Continuous Wavelet Transform and Time-Dependent Autoregression
Authors: Zhang Ran , Liu Xingxing , Zheng Yongjun , Lv Haotun , Li Baosheng , Yang Shenghui , Tan Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Speed estimation is crucial to monitor the conditions of rotational machinery. Most speed measurements are carried out by installing encoders or tachometers inside the machines. In many cases, such method could be cumbersome or even inaccessible. This paper proposes a vibration-based speed estimation method. The vibration sensors are often cheaper and easier to install than angle encoders. In the proposed method, the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used as a preprocessing technique to extract the signal of importance. Then, the time-varying autoregressive (TAR) model is applied to analyze the rotational frequency. Additionally, the paper presents a fast algorithm for implementation. The proposed method is validated by both synthetic and empirical data.
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Gastric Cancer With Old Tuberculosis: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Yan Meng-Hua , Song Xiao-Hai , Zhang Wei-Han , Liu Kai , Chen Xiao-Long , Zhao Lin-Yong , Chen Xin-Zu , Yang Kun , Song Bin , Wu Bing , Hu Jian-Kun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: It is known that Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), which serves as an adjuvant immunotherapy, has certain beneficial effects on the prognosis for gastric cancer. However, no existing reports have probed into the impact of old tuberculosis (TB) lesion on patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Using the database from a high-volume center, 2649 consecutive gastric cancer patients admitted to West China Hospital undergoing curative-intent gastrectomy were identified between 2009 and 2016. Patients were divided into TB group and non-tuberculosis (NTB) group based on the presence or absence of a coexistent old pulmonary TB lesion. Then, multinomial logistic regression models tested the risk factors for the postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression models tested the effect of old TB lesion on overall survival (OS) rate. The propensity score-matching (PSM) method was used to assemble a well-balanced cohort.Results: Altogether 81 of the enrolled patients had old pulmonary TB lesions. The presence of an old TB lesion was associated with superior overall survival (OS). Besides, the 3-year OS rates were 84.7% in TB group and 69.2% in NTB group, and the difference between two groups was statistically significant (p=0.005). Similarly, in the following analysis on 73 pairs of matched patients, significant differences were also noted between the two cohorts (p=0.001), with the 3-year OS rates of 90.4% and 69.2%, respectively. Further, multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that old TB was an independent positive factor for OS before and after propensity score-matching (PSM) (p=0.002/p<0.001, HR=0.471/0.220, respectively). Additionally, the old TB lesion appeared to be an independent risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) (both p<0.001, HR=3.375 and HR=3.415 in univariate and multivariate logistic regression, respectively).Conclusions: Old TB lesion is a risk factor for PPCs. Despite that, it represented as an independent positive factor for the prognosis of gastric cancer in general. This study may shed light on further immune therapy for gastric cancer.
Coconut Online: Collection of Open Natural Products Database
Authors: Sorokina Maria , Merseburger Peter , Rajan Kohulan , Yirik Mehmet Aziz , Steinbeck Christoph 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are small molecules produced by living organisms with potential applications in pharmacology and other industries for their high bioactivities. Over the years a multiplication of thematic NP databases has been observed. However, there is no online resource regrouping all known NPs in just one place, which would greatly simplify NP research and allow computational screening and other in silico applications. Here we present the COlleCtion of Open Natural prodUcTs (COCONUT): an aggregated dataset of NPs available in different open sources and a subsequent web interface to browse, search and easily and quickly download NPs. COCONUT web is freely available at https://coconut.naturalproducts.net.