bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Particle Swarm Optimization Variant and Simulated Annealing in Vapor Liquid Equilibrium Calculation
Authors: Oktavian Rama , Wibowo Agung Ari , Fitriah Zuraidah 
Published: August 2020

Phase equilibrium calculation plays a major rule in optimization of separation process in chemical processing. Phase equilibrium calculation is still very challenging due to highly nonlinear and non-convex of mathematical models. Recently, stochastic optimization method has been widely used to solve those problems. One of the promising stochastic methods is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) due to its simplicity and robustness. This study presents the capability of particle swarm optimization for correlating isothermal vapor liquid equilibrium data of water with methanol and ethanol system by optimizing Wilson, Non-Random Two Liquids (NRTL), and Universal Quasi Chemical (UNIQUAC) activity coefficient model and also presents the comparison with bare-bones PSO (BBPSO) and simulated annealing (SA). Those three optimization methods were successfully tested and validated to model vapor liquid equilibrium calculation and were successfully applied to correlate vapor liquid equilibrium data for those types of systems with deviation less than 2%. In addition, BBPSO shows a consistency result and faster convergence among those three optimization methods. Keywords: Phase equilibrium, stochastic method, particle swarm optimization, simulated annealing and activity coefficient model
An Opaque Cell-Specific Expression Program of Secreted Proteases and Transporters Allows Cell-Type Cooperation inCandida albicans
Authors: Lohse Matthew B , Brenes Lucas R , Ziv Naomi , Winter Michael B , Craik Charles S , Johnson Alexander D 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe opportunistic human fungal pathogen Candida albicans switches between two distinct, heritable cell types named “white” and “opaque.” Lohse et al. show that opaque cells, in respons.....
Predicting soil CO2 emissions and sinks due to soil management factors of Brachiaria decumbens pastures using Tier 2 IPCC Methodology
Authors: Silva-Parra Amanda , Mora-Delgado Jairo Ricardo , Barrera-Rojas Luz 
Published: August 2020

Soil carbon sequestration refers to the process of transferring carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere into the soil. The objective of this research was to do a simulation of how soil management factors in pastures can contribute to mitigate climate change by reducing soil CO2-eq emissions due to increases of soil organic carbon. In livestock systems of Cumaral (Meta), Colombia, IPCC Tier 2 methodology was used to compare changes in soils C stocks under (a) two pasture types: Brachiaria decumbens grass pastures (B1) and Brachiaria decumbens grass pastures associated with Pueraria phaseloides legume (B2); (b) four increasing doses of CaCO3: 0, 1.1, 2.2, 3.3 tons ha-1; (c) three sources of N, P, K fertilizers: 100 kg ha-1 Urea, 200 kg ha-1 Triple Superphosphate and 100 kg ha-1 Potassium Chloride. The statistical design was a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement 2 x 4 x 3. Tukey test showed that the inclusion of kudzú in B. decumbens pasture (B2), 2.2 and 3.3 tons CaCO3 ha-1 in B1 and B2, and the fertilization of B1 with Urea and B2 with Triple Superphosphate showed a greater benefit in soil C accumulation and CO2-eq emissions neutralization. Adittional cluster analysis showed that B2 liming with higher lime doses regardless of the type of fertilizer used presented major soil C stored grouped in Cluster 1. We concluded that these soil management factors should be feasible to implement in pastures, that can help offset the negative effects of global climate change on livestock systems at tropical zones.
Distribución geográfica de la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple en adultos Colombia (2010-2015)
Authors: Misnaza-Castrillón Sandra Patricia , Martinez Angarita Julio Cesar , Martínez Gomez Victor Manuel 
Published: August 2020

Objetivo Caracterizar la distribución geográfica de la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple en Colombia entre 2010 y 2015.Métodos Estudio descriptivo. Análisis de la mortalidad a partir de certificados de defunción entre 2010 y 2015. Cálculo de tasas de mortalidad departamentales y municipales ajustadas por sexo y edad.Resultados El 56,8% de las defunciones ocurrieron en mujeres y 28,7% en personas de 50 a 59 años. En 2010 la tasa de mortalidad nacional fue de 0,28 por cada 100 000 personas, y Casanare registró la más alta (0,59 por cada 100 000 personas). En 2011, la tasa fue de 0,24, y Buenaventura registró la más alta (0,51). En 2012, la tasa fue de 0,27, y Guajira registró la más alta (0,34). En 2013, la tasa fue de 0,27, y la más alta se presentó en Arauca (0,83). En 2014, la tasa fue de 0,32, y la más alta ocurrió en Putumayo (1,14). En 2015 la tasa fue de 0,23 y Santa Marta registró la más alta (0,58). Por municipios, Sativanorte, Arcabuco (Boyacá), San Miguel, la Paz (Santander) y la Merced (Caldas) registraron las mayores tasas.Conclusiones El comportamiento de la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple es similar en el periodo de estudio. La mayor carga de mortalidad se registró en mujeres y en los municipios de Santander y Boyacá.
Tradição e Modernismo na construção da “nova” mulher do Estado Novo português: fotografia e propaganda no Boletim da Mocidade Portuguesa Feminina (1939-1947)
Authors: Marques Bruno Sousa , Guarda Israel Vindeirinho 
Published: August 2020

As imagens que constroem o ideal de “nova” mulher do Estado Novo Português estabelecem um importante guia para compreender a forma heterodoxa e “contraditória” como foi usada a fotografia enquanto meio de inculcação de um modelo feminino consentâneo com a ideologia do regime. Estas revelam uma intrínseca dialética entre temas / formas “tradicionalistas” e “modernistas”. Tomando como objecto de análise as fotografias publicadas no Boletim da Mocidade Portuguesa Feminina (1939-1947), o objectivo deste artigo é compreender de que modo esta dialética é realizada ao serviço da propaganda do Estado Novo.
Estructura retórica de tesis y trabajos de grado en Odontología: un estudio en Hispanoamérica y España
Authors: Morales Oscar Alberto , Perdomo Bexi , Cassany Daniel , Izarra Élix 
Published: August 2020

Los trabajos de grado y posgrado y las tesis de doctorado tienen un rol fundamental en la cultura académica, al diseminar resultados de investigación y fortalecer la comunicación científica. En estudios de Odontología hispanoamericana y española, se deben presentar para obtener el título de odontólogo, dentista, máster o doctor. Debido a esto, existen propuestas para enseñar a escribir este género a esta comunidad. Generalmente, predominan instructivos y cursos prescriptivos que no se basan en evidencia científica de la cultura disciplinar. Desde el análisis del discurso, se han realizado numerosos estudios sobre el género “tesis” en distintas modalidades, disciplinas y lenguas, pero no hay publicaciones sobre tesisy trabajos de grado en Odontología en español. De aquí que, utilizando el modelo swalesiano de análisis de género, este estudio mixto analiza la estructura retórica de 272 trabajos de grado y tesis presentados en universidades hispanoamericanas y españolas, y publicados en la web entre 2000 y 2018. Los resultados muestran que no existe un formato estándar. Esto es, hay variaciones relevantes en las seccionesincluidas y en su organización. Estas variaciones podrían estar asociadas, entre otros factores, a la ausencia de programas de escritura académica que estén basados en la práctica real de la comunidad discursiva de Odontología. Por ello, se sugiere que en estos programas se formalice la enseñanza de la escritura académica basada en evidencia científica.
Induced Seismicity in the Delaware Basin, West Texas, is Caused by Hydraulic Fracturing and Wastewater Disposal
Authors: Savvaidis Alexandros , Lomax Anthony , Breton Caroline 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Most current seismicity in the southern U.S. midcontinent is related to oil and gas operations (O&G Ops). In Texas, although recorded earthquakes are of low-to-moderate magnitude, the rate of seismicity has been increasing since 2009. Because of the newly developed Texas Seismological Network, in most parts of Texas, recent seismicity is reported on a daily basis with a magnitude of completeness of ML 1.5. Also, funded research has allowed the collection of O&G Op information that can be associated with seismicity. Although in the Dallas–Fort Worth area, recent seismicity has been associated mostly with saltwater disposal (SWD), in the South Delaware Basin, West Texas, both hydraulic fracturing (HF) and SWD have been found to be causal factors. We have begun to establish an O&G Op database using four different sources—IHS, FracFocus, B3, and the Railroad Commission of Texas—with which we can associate recent seismicity to HF and SWD. Our approach is based on time and epicentral location of seismic events and time, location of HF, and SWD. Most seismicity occurs in areas of dense HF and SWD-well activity overlapping in time, making association of seismicity with a specific well type impossible. However, through examination of clustered seismicity in space and time, along with isolated clusters of spatiotemporal association between seismicity and O&G Ops, we are able to show that a causation between HF and seismicity may be favored over causation with SWD wells in areas of spatially isolated earthquake clusters (Toyah South, Reeves West, Jeff Davis Northeast, and Jeff Davis East). Causality between SWD and seismicity may be inferred for isolated cases in Reeves South and Grisham West.
Facial Papules Are Early Sign of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mansouri Parvin , Rohani Nasab Masoumeh , Safaei Naraghi Zahra , Shakoei Safoura , Chalangari Reza , Martits-Chalangari Katalin , Rahbar Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2020

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), a form of lichen planopilaris (LPP), is primary cicatricial alopecia commonly affecting postmenopausal women. For the first time, we investigated the diagnosis of FFA and LPP in patients presenting with the chief complaint of facial papules and roughness. This cross-sectional was performed among 68 patients with facial papules. We described the epidemiology, comorbidities, clinical presentations, and the association between facial papules and LPP or FFA. All the patients were female with a mean age of 47.84 years. Scalp alopecia was observed in all the patients presenting with facial papules, of which 89.7% had FFA. Five patients were diagnosed with LPP without FFA. Most of the patients were premenopausal (73.5%), and 70.6% had grade I FFA. Concomitant cutaneous lichen planus involvement was observed more frequently than mucosal involvement. The most frequent comorbidities were hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. History of alopecia areata was detected in 8.8% of the patients. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) was present in 17 patients (25%). Facial papules are the silent and early signs of FFA and LPP. Paying attention to these early signs along with metabolic disturbances can help with the early diagnosis of the disease, especially among premenopausal women.
The Efficacy of Silymarin and Vitamin E in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Akhondi-Meybodi Mohsen , Baghbanian Mahmoud , Namazi Abolfazl 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Nowadays, lifestyle modification is the best treatment recommended to patients with the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The therapeutic effects of vitamin E and silybin on liver functions were documented. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of silymarin and vitamin E on patients with NAFLD.
Materials and Methods: From September 2014 to March 2015, clinical trial was conducted on 92 patients with NAFLD at 2 Shahid Sadoughi university clinical research centers. Sampling was based on convenient method. There were no randomization or blinding in this study, but two types of treatments were compared. The patients were divided in two groups of daily intake of vitamin E (400 IU) and Silymarin 280 mg for four months. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and liver ultrasonography were done at baseline and after four months.
Results: Eighty patients completed the course of treatment successfully .After 4 months, both groups had experienced a significant reduction in their serum ALT levels. The mean change in the ALT level from the baseline was -31.6 U/L in the silymarin group vs. -15.1 U/L in the vitamin E group (P-value= 0.07). Treatment with silymarin was more effective than vitamin E (P-value< 0.0001). The mean ALT level changed to normal was 55.0% (22 of 40 patients )in the silymarin group, while it was 45.0% (18 of 40 cases) in the vitamin E group (P-value= 0.04).
Conclusion: The treatment of NAFLD with silymarin appears to be significantly effective in biochemical improvement whereas treatment with vitamin E improves ultrasonographic parameters.
Clinical Outcomes and Survivorship of Contemporary Cementless Primary Total Knee Arthroplasties
Authors: Bingham Joshua S. , Salib Christopher G. , Hanssen Arlen D. , Taunton Michael J. , Pagnano Mark W. , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) with cementless fixation have been studied in multiple series with varying success. The aim of this study was to prepare a systematic review of the literature to evaluate clinical outcomes and revtpdelision rates of patients undergoing contemporary cementless TKA.

Methods:
A search of PubMed and MEDLINE was conducted for English-language articles published between 2005 and 2018 to identify studies examining survivorship and clinical outcomes of cementless TKAs. Studies that reported clinical and/or radiographic outcomes were included. Data collected included the number of TKAs, implant utilized, primary diagnosis, mean age and follow-up, implant survivorship, complications, revisions, and clinical outcome scores. All hybrid constructs and revision TKAs were excluded. Poisson regression analysis was used to determine the revision incidence rates per 1,000 person-years.

Results:
Forty-three studies with 10,447 TKAs met inclusion criteria, of which 8,187 were primary cementless TKAs. The mean follow-up was 7 years. The revision incidence per 1,000 person-years was 4.8 for all cementless designs. The complication rate for all cementless TKAs was 6%, with deep venous thrombosis being the most common complication. The mean postoperative Knee Society Score and Functional Score were 92 and 83, respectively.

Conclusions:
While newer-generation cementless designs have shown improved survivorship and clinical outcomes compared with earlier-generation cementless designs, the literature for cementless designs remains limited when compared with cemented designs. Further studies are needed to determine if cementless TKA can achieve the same benefits that have been realized with cementless total hip arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Virtual Reality in Pain Therapy: A Requirements Analysis for Older Adults with Chronic Back Pain
Authors: Stamm Oskar , Dahms Rebecca , Müller-Werdan Ursula 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Today immersive environments such as Virtual Reality (VR) offer new opportunities for serious gaming in exercise therapy and psychoeducation. Chronic back pain (CBP) patients could benefit from exergames in VR. The requirements in older CBP patient for a VR pain therapy have not yet been determined in studies. The aim of the study was to perform a requirements analysis for the user group of geriatric patients with CBP for a VR exergame. The objective was to find out the expectations, desires, preferences and barriers in order to collect them as requirements for this vulnerable group and to determine frameworks of therapy by physiotherapists and psychotherapists.Methods We conducted a requirements analysis through semi-structured interviews with 10 elderly participants with CBP. Furthermore, two focus groups were conducted with three physiotherapists and two psychotherapists to determine frameworks of therapy programs for the target group. The qualitative data were transcribed and examined through a structuring content analysis. Subsequently, the results of the analysis were prioritized by all participants of the studyResults The results of the requirements analysis indicate mandatory requirements for the overall system, hardware, software and gamification elements. The key requirements were target-group-specific applications of the VR exergame through e.g. individual briefing, user-friendly handling, inclusion of movement limitations, presentation of everyday scenarios in combination with biofeedback, age-appropriate feedback through praise and awards and a maximum exercise duration of 30 min and 15 min of relaxation.Conclusion It should be possible to use the determined requirements productively to create user-friendly VR exergames that motivate elderly chronic back pain patients to perform exercises regularly.The study is registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00015294 12.10.2018)
The clinical features and long-term prognosis of asymmetry childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome: a 5-year follow-up.
Authors: Sun Rui-Di , Jiang jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: The aim was to investigate clinical features and long-term prognosis of asymmetric childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, standardized data from all children with GBS seen at the Wuhan Children’s Hospital were collected regarding clinical presentation, auxiliary examinations and long-term outcome. We compared asymmetry GBS with symmetry GBS. Asymmetry GBS was defined by Medical Research Council (MRC) grade and motor nerves conduction in bilateral limbs. Recovery was defined as a return to normal life with a DSS of 0. Results: GBS was diagnosed in 72 children. 12（16.67%）were asymmetry GBS compared to 60 symmetry GBS . In asymmetry GBS, six children were transient asymmetry weakness and six children were persistent asymmetry weakness. Compared to symmetry weakness GBS, asymmetry weakness GBS had more preschool children (75% vs 25%, P=0.005), longer days on hospital(26.5(15-37) days vs 11(9-15) days, p =0.000), more mechanical ventilation(MV) (50% vs 8.33%, p=0.000), higher Disease severity score(DSS)at nadir of disease(4(3-5) vs 3(1-4), p=0.010), more axonal subtypes(50% vs 15%, p=0.013) and more complications(58.33% vs 8.33%, p=0.000). Eight children had sequelae and sixty-four children had recovery. Compared to recovery group, sequelae group had more axonal subtypes(62.5% vs 15.63%, p=0.002) and more persistent asymmetry weakness(62.5% vs 4.69%, p=0.000). In six persistent asymmetry GBS, 5(83.33%) had abnormal EEG (electroencephalogram) results, 3(50%) children had mild to marked pleocytosis in CSF and 5(83.33%) had sequelae. Conclusions: In conclusion, asymmetry GBS had two types, namely transient and persistent asymmetry weakness. Asymmetry GBS indicated a more complex condition during disease. Most of persistent asymmetry GBS had clinical or subclinical infectious disease and poor prognosis. Inflammatory in anterior horn cells or nerve root by infectious disease may be the possible function in persistent asymmetry GBS.
iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of differences in the protein profiles of stems and leaves from two alfalfa genotypes
Authors: Sun Hao , Yu Jie , Zhang Fan , Kang Junmei , Li Mingna , Wang Zhen , Liu Wenwen , Zhang Jiaju , Yang Qingchuan , Long Ruicai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of early stem and leaf development, proteomic analysis was performed on leaves and stems of F genotype alfalfa, with thin stems and small leaves, and M genotype alfalfa, with thick stems and large leaves. Results: Based on fold-change thresholds of >1.20 or <0.83 ( p <0.05), a large number of proteins were identified as being differentially enriched between the M and F genotypes: 249 downregulated and 139 upregulated in stems and 164 downregulated and 134 upregulated in leaves. The differentially expressed proteins in stems were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, carbon fixation, and phenylalanine metabolism. The differentially expressed proteins in leaves were mainly involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Six differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway in leaves of the M genotype, including five upregulated proteins involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and one downregulated protein involved in chlorophyll degradation. Eleven differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the phenylpropanoid pathway in stems of the M genotype, including two upregulated proteins and nine downregulated proteins. Conclusion: Enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and decreased lignin synthesis provided a reasonable explanation for the larger leaves and lower levels of stem lignification in M genotype alfalfa. This proteomic study aimed to classify the functions of differentially enriched proteins and to provide information on the molecular regulatory networks involved in stem and leaf development.
LncRNAH19 improves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle by regulating heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1
Authors: Gui Weiwei , Zhu WeiFen , Zhu Yiyi , Tang Shengjie , Zheng Fenping , Yin Xueyao , Lin Xihua , Li Hong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background：Skeletal muscle is essential for glucose and lipid metabolism. Growing evidence reveals the importance of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the function of LncRNA H19 (H19) in lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle and its potential mechanisms.Methods: Glucose tolerance, serum insulin and lipid content in serum and skeletal muscle were determined in control and H19-overexpressed db/db mice. Lipid metabolism was evaluated in H19-overexpressed or H19-silencing muscle cells by detecting lipid contents and mitochondria related functions. The underlying mechanisms were explored by RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Results: H19 was downregulated in skeletal muscle of db/db mice. H19 overexpression in db/db mice inhibited lipid ectopic deposition in skeletal muscle, meanwhile improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as compared with control db/db mice treated with ad-GFP. Furthermore, overexpression of H19 reversed FFA-induced lipid accumulation and increased cellular respiration in muscle cells, while H19 knockdown exhibited opposite effects in muscle cells. Mechanistically, H19 interacted with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNPA1) which was validated by RNA pulldown and RIP analysis, which increased translation of fatty acid oxidation closely related genes PGC1a and CPT1b. Conclusion: Our data suggest that overexpression of H19 ameliorates insulin resistance by reducing ectopic lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle. The possible underlying mechanisms are that overexpression of lncRNAH19 promotes fatty acids oxidation via targeting of hnRNPA1.