bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type I Angiotensin II Receptor Blockade Reduces Uremia-Induced Deterioration of Bone Material Properties
Authors: Wakamatsu Takuya , Iwasaki Yoshiko , Yamamoto Suguru , Matsuo Koji , Goto Shin , Narita Ichiei , Kazama Junichiro J , Tanaka Kennichi , Ito Akemi , Ozasa Ryosuke , Nakano Takayoshi , Miyakoshi Chisato , Onishi Yoshihiro , Fukuma Shingo , Fukuhara Shunichi , Yamato Hideyuki , Fukagawa Masafumi , Akizawa Tadao 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a high incidence of fractures. However, the pathophysiology of this disease is not fully understood, and limited therapeutic interventions are available. This study aimed to determine the impact of type 1 angiotensin II receptor blockade (AT-1RB) on preventing CKD-related fragility fractures and elucidate its pharmacological mechanisms. AT-1RB use was associated with a lower risk of hospitalization due to fractures in 3276 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. In nephrectomized rats, administration of olmesartan suppressed osteocyte apoptosis, skeletal pentosidine accumulation, and apatite disorientation, and partially inhibited the progression of the bone elastic mechanical properties, while the bone mass was unchanged. Olmesartan suppressed angiotensin II-dependent oxidation stress and apoptosis in primary cultured osteocytes in vitro. In conclusion, angiotensin II-dependent intraskeletal oxidation stress deteriorated the bone elastic mechanical properties by promoting osteocyte apoptosis and pentosidine accumulation. Thus, AT-1RB contributes to the underlying pathogenesis of abnormal bone quality in the setting of CKD, possibly by oxidative stress. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Fabrication of cubic In2O3/Bi2WO6 and study of its photocatalytic performance in removal of florfenicol antibiotic from aqueous media: Experimental and molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Karim Dizani Sara , Torkian Leila , Khodadadi Zahra , Fazaeli Reza , Safa Saeed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, In2O3, Bi2WO6, and cubic heterojunction In2O3/Bi2WO6 were synthesized and characterized by several techniques. Their photocatalytic properties in removal of florfenicol (FLO) antibiotic from aqueous media were evaluated from experimental and theoretical perspectives. The effect of catalyst type, light source type, photocatalyst mass (g), pH, FLO concentration (mg/L), and reaction time (min) was investigated. According to the results, In2O3/Bi2WO6 with molar ratio of 2:1 had the highest degradation performance. Also, the Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation results revealed that the interaction energy for FLO adsorbed on In2O3 surface is −195.407 kJ/mol and for adsorbed on Bi2WO6 surface is −61.672 kJ/mol. It is also apparent from these interaction energy values that FLO adsorbed on In2O3 surface have more negative Eint values and stronger interactions as compared to Bi2WO6 surface. These results are supported by the findings of the values of drug degradation efficiencies experimentally obtained. The results of this study suggest that the photocatalytic process is optimal at conditions 0.05 g In2O3/Bi2WO6 with molar ratio of 2:1 of catalyst and also the amount of 100 μl H2O2 30% with concentration of 100 (mg/L) FLO at pH = 5, within 15 min under UVC light degradation efficiency is 99.99%.
Clinical characteristics of H‐type hypertension and its relationship with the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in a Zhuang population from Guangxi, China
Authors: Huang Liu Qiang , Wu Chong Xin , Wei Hua Qing , Xu Ge 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study was designed to assess the clinical presentation of patients with H‐type hypertension who were of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi, China. The relationship between the C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene and H‐type hypertension was also assessed.MethodsThis was a case‐control study in which 185 Zhuang nationality patients with hypertension that had been hospitalized at the Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between February 2018 and December 2018 were assessed for plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels. These levels were used to divide patients into H‐type (>15 μmol/L) and non‐H‐type (≤15 μmol/L) hypertension groups. Patient clinical data were then analyzed, and PCR was used to analyze samples from all patients for the presence of the C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene. Differences between these two groups of hypertension patients were then compared using appropriate statistical methods.ResultsWe found that relative to patients in the non‐H‐type hypertension group, patients in the H‐type hypertension group exhibited significant differences in sex, age, urea nitrogen levels, creatinine levels, and uric acid levels. There were, however, no significant differences between these two groups with respect to interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, or ejection fraction. We did not detect any association between the MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism and H‐type hypertension in Zhuang nationality individuals in Guangxi.ConclusionRisk of H‐type hypertension is not associated with the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in hypertensive individuals of Guangxi Zhuang nationality in China.
Effect of potassium feldspar on the decomposition rate of phosphogypsum
Authors: Lu Dinghui , Chen Qianlin , Li Cuiqin , Gong Shang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPhosphogypsum (PG) is a solid waste from a wet process of phosphoric acid and its main component is CaSO4·2H2O. However, the temperature of PG decomposition is above 1200 °C. In this study, the decomposition temperature of PG was decreased using a small amount of coke as reducing agent, and the decomposition rate of PG can be further increased using potassium feldspar (K‐feldspar) as an additive to form a eutectic mixture with PG in nitrogen atmosphere.ResultsA high PG decomposition rate of 99.40% was obtained at 1150 °C for 25 min, when the mass ratio of coke to PG and K‐feldspar to PG was 0.07 and 0.43, respectively. Compared with the addition of coke alone (coke/PG = 0.07) as the reducing agent, the decomposition rate of PG was increased by 35.40%. The HSC Chemistry software 8 was used to calculate the equilibrium compositions of the PG @K‐feldspar @coke system, and the decomposition rate of 99.77% was obtained at 1150 °C by calculation. The experimental results are basically consistent with the thermodynamic equilibrium calculation.ConclusionThe PG and K‐feldspar are fully utilized by calcination. The decomposition reaction of PG can proceed via the continuous consumption of CaO and CaS by K‐feldspar, which increased the decomposition rate of PG. The thermodynamic calculation results showed a good agreement between the equilibrium value calculated and the experimental data obtained. Furthermore, the calcined products can be used as an agricultural potassium fertilizer. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
Closing the serological gap in the diagnostic testing for COVID‐19: The value of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgA antibodies
Authors: Infantino Maria , Manfredi Mariangela , Grossi Valentina , Lari Barbara , Fabbri Sergio , Benucci Maurizio , Fortini Alberto , Damiani Arianna , Mobilia Emanuela Maria , Panciroli Marta , Pancani Silvia , Pesce Giampaola 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDuring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the early diagnosis of patients is a priority. Serological assays, in particular immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), have today several applications but the interpretation of their results remains an open challenge. Given the emerging role of the IgA isotype in the COVID‐19 diagnostics, we aimed to identify the SARS‐CoV‐2 IgA antibodies in a COVID‐19 population seronegative for IgM. A total of 30 patients hospitalized in San Giovanni di Dio Hospital (Florence, Italy) for COVID‐19, seronegative for IgM antibodies, have been studied for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies. They all had a positive oro/nasopharyngeal swab reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction result. Assays used were a chemiluminescent assay measuring SARS‐CoV‐2 specific IgM and IgG (S + N) and an ELISA, measuring specific IgG (S1) and IgA antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2. Among the 30 patients, eight were positive for IgA, seven were positive for IgG (N + S), and two for IgG (S1), at the first point (5‐7 days from the onset of symptoms). The IgA antibodies mean values at the second (9‐13 days) and third (21‐25 days) time points were even more than twice as high as IgG assays. The agreement between the two IgG assays was moderate (Cohen's K = 0.59; SE = 0.13). The inclusion of the IgA antibodies determination among serological tests of the COVID‐19 diagnostic is recommended. IgA antibodies may help to close the serological gap of the COVID‐19. Variations among anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG assays should be considered in the interpretation of results.
HIV p17 enhances T cell proliferation by suppressing autophagy through the p17‐OLA1‐GSK3β axis under nutrient starvation
Authors: Lu Jing , Jia Jiayuan , Zhang Jiahui , Liu Xinqi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNutrient starvation is a common phenomenon that occurs during T cell activation. Upon pathogen infection, large amounts of immune cells migrate to infection sites, and antigen‐specific T cells are activated; this is followed by rapid proliferation through clonal expansion. The dramatic expansion of cells will commonly lead to nutrient shortage. Cellular autophagy is often upregulated as a way to sustain the body's energy requirements. During infection, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co‐opts a series of host cell metabolic pathways for replication. Several HIV proteins, such as Env, Nef, and Vpr, have already been reported as being involved in autophagy‐related processes. In this report, we identified that the HIV p17 protein acts as a major factor in suppressing the autophagic process in T cells, especially under glucose starvation condition. HIV p17 interacts with Obg‐like ATPase 1 (OLA1) and disrupts OLA1‐glycogen synthase kinase‐3 beta (GSK3β) complex, leading to GSK3β hyperactivation. Consequently, a prior proliferation of HIV‐infected T cells under glucose starvation will occur. The inhibition of autophagy also aids HIV replication by antagonizing the antiviral effect of autophagy. Our study shows a new cellular pathway that HIV can hijack for viral spreading by a prior proliferation of HIV‐loaded T cells and may provide new therapeutic targets for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome intervention.
Results from a survey in healthy blood donors in South Eastern Italy indicate that we are far away from herd immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Fiore Josè Ramòn , Centra Michele , De Carlo Armando , Granato Tommaso , Rosa Annamaria , Sarno Michelina , De Feo Lucia , Di Stefano Mariantonietta , Errico Maria D' , Caputo Sergio Lo , De Nittis Rosella , Arena Fabio , Corso Gaetano , Margaglione Maurizio , Santantonio Teresa Antonia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHere we present results from a survey on anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) seroprevalence in healthy blood donors from a low incidence coronavirus disease 2019 area (Apulia region, South Eastern Italy). Among 904 subjects tested, only in nine cases (0.99%) antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 were demonstrated. All the nine seropositive patients were negative for the research of viral RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in nasopharyngeal swabs. These data, along with those recently reported from other countries, clearly show that we are very far from herd immunity and that the containment measures are at the moment the only realistic instrument we have to slow the spread of the pandemic.
Effects of the pre‐fermentative addition of chitosan on the nitrogenous fraction and the secondary fermentation products of SO2‐free red wines
Authors: Marchante Lourdes , Mena Adela , Izquierdo‐Cañas Pedro M , García‐Romero Esteban , Pérez‐Coello María Soledad , Díaz‐Maroto María Consuelo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDDifferent red winemaking were carried out to evaluate the effects of the prefermentative addition of chitosan, as an alternative to the use of SO2, on the secondary products of alcoholic fermentation, yeast available nitrogen (YAN), biogenic amines and ethyl carbamate.RESULTSThe wines made with chitosan presented higher total acidity and higher content of tartaric and succinic acids than those made only with SO2. The use of chitosan in winemaking resulted in wines with higher glycerol and diacetyl content without increasing the concentration of ethanol, acetic acid, acetaldehyde or butanediol. YAN was lower in wines made with chitosan, which may mean an advantage for the microbial stability of the wines. Furthermore, the use of chitosan at the beginning of alcoholic fermentation did not increase the concentration of biogenic amines or the formation of ethyl carbamate in SO2‐free red wines.CONCLUSIONThe total or partial substitution of SO2 for chitosan at the beginning of the alcoholic fermentation gives rise to quality red wines without negatively affecting their nitrogen fraction or their very important secondary fermentation products such as acetic acid or acetaldehyde. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Sodium butyrate attenuated iE‐DAP induced inflammatory response in the mammary glands of dairy goats fed high‐concentrate diet
Authors: Wang Yan , Liu Jing , Huang Jie , Chang Guangjun , Roy Animesh Chandra , Gao Qianyun , Cheng Xiaoye , Shen Xiangzhen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDLong‐term high‐concentrate (HC) diet feeding increased bacterial endotoxins, which translocated into the mammary glands of dairy goats and induced inflammatory response. γ‐d‐Glutamyl‐meso‐diaminopimelic acid (iE‐DAP), bacterial peptidoglycan component, triggered inflammatory response through activating nucleotide oligomerization domain protein 1 (NOD1) signaling pathway. While dietary supplemented with sodium butyrate (SB) relieved inflammatory response and improved animal health and production. To investigate the effects and the mechanisms of action of SB on the inflammatory response in the mammary glands of dairy goats fed HC diet, 12 Saanen dairy goats were randomly assigned into HC group and SB regulated (BHC) group.RESULTSThe results showed that SB supplementation attenuated ruminal pH decrease caused by HC diet in dairy goats resulting in a decrease of proinflammatory cytokines and iE‐DAP plasma concentration and the mRNA expression of NOD1 and other inflammation‐related genes. The protein levels of NOD1, NF‐κB p65 and NF‐κB pp65 were decreased by the SB supplementation. The expression of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) was also inhibited by the SB supplementation. Meanwhile, the chromatin compaction ratios and DNA methylation levels of NOD1 and receptor‐interacting protein 2 (RIP2) of BHC group were upregulated.CONCLUSIONCollectively, the SB supplementation mitigated the inflammatory response in the mammary glands of dairy goats during HC‐induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) by inhibiting the activation of the NOD1/NF‐κB signaling pathway through the decrease of the iE‐DAP concentration in the rumen fluid and plasma and HDAC3 expression. DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling also contributed to the anti‐inflammatory effect of SB. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A Novel Endoscopic Arytenoid Medialization for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis
Authors: Rovó László , Ambrus Andrea , Tóbiás Zoltán , Wootten Christopher T. , Bach Ádám 
Published: August 2020

Objectives/HypothesisArytenoid adduction (AA) has been indicated for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) patients with vertical vocal fold height mismatch and/or large posterior glottic gaps that are unable to be adequately addressed by anterior medialization techniques. Although AA offers several advantages over other methods, it is technically challenging and involves significant laryngeal manipulation of the cricoarytenoid joint. A novel, minimally invasive endoscopic arytenoid medialization technique is presented for the closure of the posterior commissure.Study DesignProspective case series.MethodsSeventeen consecutive patients were diagnosed and treated with unilateral endoscopic arytenoid medialization (EAM) combined with injection laryngoplasty because of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Jitter, shimmer, harmonics‐to‐noise ratio (HNR), maximum phonation time (MPT), fundamental frequency (F0), Voice Handicap Index (VHI), peak inspiratory flow (PIF), and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated preoperatively, 1 month, and 1 year after EAM.ResultsJitter, shimmer, HNR, and MPT significantly improved and remained stable 1 year after the intervention. F0 and PIF remained unchanged. Significant improvements in VHI and QoL demonstrated patient satisfaction with voicing and respiratory functions.ConclusionsEndoscopic arytenoid medialization is a quick, minimally invasive solution for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. With simultaneous augmentation of the vocal fold, it provides a complete glottic closure along the entire vocal fold in UVFP patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E903–E910, 2021
Patient‐specific anatomical models for radioiodine dosimetry in treatment of hyperthyroidism: is it necessary?
Authors: Khalili Susan , Miri‐Hakimabad Hashem , Hoseinian‐Azghadi Elie 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTo investigate the necessity of patient‐specific dosimetry calculations using individualized models for hyperthyroid patients treated with radioactive iodine (RAI). This treatment modality was considered to be safe and effective; however, a recent publication indicated associations between greater organ‐absorbed doses of RAI and risk of cancer death.MethodsTen patient‐specific models which ranged in size were used (from 152.5 to 184 cm in height and from 44 to 88 kg in mass). The time‐integrated activity coefficients (TIAC) were evaluated from the 2017 Leggett’s model assuming 24 h radioactive iodine uptakes (RAIU) of 30, 50, 70, and 90% and two intake routes for normal uptake (ingestion and injection). A set of 131I S factors (mGy MBq‐1 h‐1) from the patient‐specific phantoms including 12 source regions were provided in this study. These S factors were used together with the new TIACs to present dose coefficients.ResultsThe MC‐based patient‐specific S factors were compared with the ICRP standard data and the variation ranges (%) of (−65, +210) and (−57, +193) were reported for self and cross S factors, respectively. However, for self S factors, those intervals were reduced to (−8.3, +4.6) when mass correction was applied. Moreover, variations on organ dose coefficients were evaluated and the thyroid contributions were also assessed for 24 h RAIU of 30, 50, 70, and 90%. Considering that the thyroid contribution to adjacent normal organs is high and the variations on cross dose coefficients are also considerable, variations (%) on normal organ doses were estimated to be up to (−63, +132), with a planned thyroid absorbed dose of 150 Gy.ConclusionGiven the large variations on organ doses, the standard data are not an appropriate substitute for patient‐specific data. Particularly, when accurate patient‐specific dose estimation is a serious concern in RAI treatment (RAIT) for nuclear medicine practitioners. However, acquiring computed tomography (CT) images for patient‐specific modeling will impose additional radiation dose to patients. It was concluded that CT imaging limited to the region from skull base to mid thorax (i.e., for organs with RAIT doses of >~50 mGy with a dose of 150 Gy prescribed to the thyroid) may be suggested and is clinically relevant because the normal organ dose increments are not greater than 10%.
Evaluation of fluorine‐19 magnetic resonance imaging of the lungs using octafluorocyclobutane in a rat model
Authors: Shepelytskyi Yurii , Li Tao , Grynko Vira , Newman Camryn , Hane Francis T. , Albert Mitchell S. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTo test octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB) as an inhalation contrast agent for fluorine‐19 MRI of the lung, and to compare the image quality of OFCB scans with perfluoropropane (PFP) scansTheory and MethodsAfter normalizing for the number of signal averages, a theoretical comparison between the OFCB signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and PFP SNR predicted the average SNR advantage of 90% using OFCB during gradient echo imaging. The OFCB relaxometry was conducted using single‐voxel spectroscopy and spin‐echo imaging. A comparison of OFCB and PFP SNRs was performed in vitro and in vivo. Five healthy Sprague‐Dawley rats were imaged during single breath‐hold and continuous breathing using a Philips Achieva 3.0T MRI scanner (Philips, Andover, MA). The scan time was constant for both gases. Statistical comparison between PFP and OFCB scans was conducted using a paired t test and by calculating the Bayes factor.ResultsSpin‐lattice (T1) and effective spin‐spin () relaxation time constants of the pure OFCB gas were determined as 28.5 ± 1.2 ms and 10.5 ± 1.8 ms, respectively. Mixing with 21% of oxygen decreased T1 by 30% and by 20%. The OFCB in vivo images showed 73% higher normalized SNR on average compared with images acquired using PFP. The statistical significance was shown by both paired t test and calculated Bayes factors. The experimental results agree with theoretical calculations within the error of the relaxation parameter measurements.ConclusionThe quality of the lung images acquired using OFCB was significantly better compared with PFP scans. The OFCB images had higher a SNR and were artifact‐free.
Microwave‐assisted processing of silicone/PMMA blends for maxillofacial prostheses
Authors: dos Anjos Débora S. C. , Revoredo Eliane C. V. , Galembeck André 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMaxillofacial prostheses replace soft tissues that were lost due to disease or trauma, providing the restoration of the original anatomy and protecting the injured tissue. Silicone is the most widely used material, but the crosslinking process usually takes 24 hours to be completed. In this study, silicone/poly(methyl‐methacrylate) blends were prepared at room temperature and assisted by microwave irradiation. The samples were characterized by confocal Raman microscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The microwave‐assisted crosslinking is completed within 10 minutes and leads to better adhesion between silicone and PMMA than samples processed at room temperature. The methodology was adapted for the fabrication of prostheses for 50 patients with an average lifetime of 3 years, which is higher than the averages reported earlier in the literature (6‐24 months).