bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety Over 2 Years of Exenatide Plus Dapagliflozin in the DURATION-8 Study: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Phase 3, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jabbour Serge A. , Frías Juan P. , Ahmed Azazuddin , Hardy Elise , Choi Jasmine , Sjöström C. David , Guja Cristian 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
In patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled with metformin, exenatide once weekly (QW) plus dapagliflozin produced greater reductions in glycemic parameters (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], fasting plasma glucose [FPG], and 2-h postprandial glucose [2-h PPG]), weight, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) than exenatide QW or dapagliflozin alone after 28 weeks of treatment in DURATION-8. Following a 24-week extension period, improvements were sustained at 52 weeks. In this study, we investigated efficacy and safety at 104 weeks after randomization.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
DURATION-8 was a 104-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled, phase 3 trial. In total, 695 adults (aged ≥18 years) with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c 8.0–12.0% [64–108 mmol/mol]) despite stable metformin monotherapy (≥1,500 mg/day) were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive exenatide 2 mg QW plus once-daily dapagliflozin 10 mg, exenatide QW plus placebo, or dapagliflozin plus placebo. All 104-week evaluations were exploratory.

RESULTS
At week 104, 431 (62.0%) patients completed treatment. The adjusted least squares mean change (SE) from baseline to week 104 in HbA1c was greater with exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin (−1.70% [0.11]) versus exenatide QW plus placebo (−1.29% [0.12]; P = 0.007) and dapagliflozin plus placebo (−1.06% [0.12]; P &lt; 0.001). Clinically relevant changes in FPG, 2-h PPG, weight, and SBP were also observed with exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin. There were no unexpected safety findings, and exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin was well tolerated, with no episodes of major hypoglycemia.

CONCLUSIONS
In this exploratory analysis, among those individuals who completed the trial without rescue therapy, there was clinically relevant efficacy over 2 years with exenatide QW plus dapagliflozin, with no unexpected safety findings.
The Sausapor Declaration: Challenges in promoting good governance to protect customary communities and natural resources in Tambrauw district, West Papua
Authors: Fatem Sepus M. , Syuf Yaved , Baru Josepina , Marwa Jonni , Runtuboi Yubelince Y. , Tawer Viktor , Situmorang Saur , Runtuboi Ferawati R. 
Published: August 2020

The Sausapor Declaration has served as a stepping stone towards convening and balancing the dynamics of governmental politics, conservation efforts, the protection of customary communities’ rights, and the sustainable management of natural resources in Tambrauw District. The Declaration supported the establishment of Tambrauw as a Conservation District, while also acknowledging the rights of customary communities in shaping political priorities of the local government, which include: a) stewardship of extensive remaining tropical forests (91.9% forest cover); b) management of protected areas, which represent 77-80% of the total area of the District; c) acknowledging the cultural traditions of five major indigenous groups; and, d) securing the active support of formal institutions for these goals. Two stages have shaped the effort to establish the Conservation District. The first stage involved the period prior to the formal declaration, while the second ecompasses development and implementation of related policies. Establishing local regulations and protecting local communities required extensive lobbying with the provincial and national government, as well as advocacy in various seminars, including both national and international conferences that provided strategic opportunities for securing support for the Conservation District. These steps have been instrumental in gaining legitimacy and public support for relevant conservation policies and for protecting the rights of customary communities. As one example, the review of Tambrauw spatial planning documents (RTRW) led to prioritizing eco-tourism as a leading sector for economic development, along with the creation of an overall agropolitan and renewable energy strategy.
Percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy drainage in a dog with extrahepatic biliary obstruction secondary to pancreatitis
Authors: Chmelovski Rachel A. , Granick Jennifer L. , Ober Christopher P. , Young Shamar J. , Thomson Christopher B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION
An 8-year-old 36.3-kg (79.9-lb) spayed female Rottweiler was evaluated because of anorexia and vomiting.

CLINICAL FINDINGS
Extrahepatic biliary obstruction (EHBO) secondary to pancreatitis was suspected on the basis of results from serum biochemical analyses, CT, and cytologic examination.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME
Only marginal improvement was observed after 24 hours of traditional medical management; therefore, novel continual biliary drainage was achieved with ultrasonographically and fluoroscopically guided placement of a percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy drainage (PCD) catheter. Within 24 hours after PCD catheter placement, the dog was eating regularly, had increased intestinal peristaltic sounds on abdominal auscultation, no longer required nasogastric tube feeding, and had decreased serum total bilirubin concentration (7.7 mg/dL, compared with 23.1 mg/dL preoperatively). Bile recycling was performed by administering the drained bile back to the patient through a nasogastric tube. The PCD remained in place for 5 weeks and was successfully removed after follow-up cholangiography confirmed bile duct patency.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Transhepatic PCD catheter placement provided fast resolution of EHBO secondary to pancreatitis in the dog of the present report. We believe that this minimally invasive, interventional procedure has the potential to decrease morbidity and death in select patients, compared with traditional surgical options, and that additional research is warranted regarding clinical use, safety, and long-term results of this procedure in veterinary patients, particularly those that have transient causes of EHBO, are too unstable to undergo more invasive biliary diversion techniques, or have biliary diseases that could benefit from palliation alone.
Computer Program for Digital Data Analysis of Facebow Records – Part ІI
Authors: Pavlova Zh. , Tumbalov A. , Filtchev A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

The aim of the study was to perform a comparative data analysis of the values of sagittal condylar path and arrow point angle, obtained through measurements based on facebow records, by applying two methods: manual and digital by using the Mini-Maxi Facebow Analyzer computer program.

Material and method: The program was tested through processing the data of 101 subjects (52 men and 49 women). The left and right sagittal condylar path was registered by using the Mini-Maxi facebow and the mandibular central position was determined by intraoral graphic registration. The data of each subject were entered into the program and the individual values of the registered parameters were calculated. Then, a comparative statistical analysis of the data obtained by the conventional manual measurement with a protractor and the computer program was performed.

Results: The mean value of the sagittal condylar path obtained through the computer program was 34.89˚ for the right side and 35.86˚ for the left side. The mean value of the arrow point angle obtained through the computer program was 107.52˚. The differences between the data for men and women were not statistically significant (р < 0.05).

Conclusions: The computer program provides an accurate analysis of facebow records and assists in determining individual patient’s movement parameters of the lower jaw. The comparative analysis of the accuracy of parameters obtained through conventional and digital measurements demonstrates the high product reliability of the computer program.
Secretory Immunoglobulin a (SigA) Testing in Saliva from End-Stage Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Dialysis Treatment and in Control Healthy Subjects
Authors: Nenova-Nogalcheva A. , Konstantinova D. , Pechalova P. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to measure SIgA levels in saliva in control healthy patients and in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing dialysis treatment.

Methods: 90 participants, divided into 2 groups (Clinical Group and Control Group), had their SigA levels measured from a salivary liquid medium using radial Immunodiffusion (or Mancini method). The Clinical Group comprised 70 end-stage CKD patients on chronic dialysis treatment; the Control Group consisted of 20 clinically healthy individuals. SIgA mean values of the participants from the Clinical Group and the Control Group were 161.46 ± 105.76 and 69.70 ± 25.67 mg/l, respectively.

Results: SIgA mean levels in female patients from the Clinical group were significantly higher compared to the mean values in male patients (p = 0.004). The SIgA levels in healthy participants from the Control Group did not reveal statistically significant gender-related dependencies (p = 0.699). Statistical correlation between gender and SigA levels was not established for either group. However, a statistically significant positive correlation was found between the duration of the hemodialysis treatment and SIgA levels (r = 0.46, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The results of the SIgA testing for both groups differed statistically. In the Control Group SIgA levels did not prove to be dependent on gender and age, whereas female patients with chronic renal failure exhibited significantly increased SIgA levels. The studies have outlined a tendency towards increasing SIgA levels among younger patients as well as in patients, undergoing chronic dialysis treatment for over 5 years.
Mechanisms and Effects of Dietary Restriction on CNS and Affective Disorders
Authors: Haritov E. , Garalova M. , Tivcheva J. , Angelov T. , Stamenov V. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression contribute significantly to global disability and possess high social and health burden. Management is dominated by pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy; nevertheless, such treatments prevent or treat less than half of the patients, suggesting that alternative approaches are required. Emerging data suggest that diet may be an adjustable risk factor for psychiatric disorders. Caloric restriction (CR) possesses protective effects in almost all organs including the brain. However, the precise molecular pathways of these effects remain uncertain. In this review, we will discuss the putative neurobiological mechanisms of CR on the brain. The article will address also the molecular basis of the antidepressant effects of CR, primarily including ghrelin signaling, CREB neurotropic effects and ketone bodies production. Then we will highlight the probable effect of CR on the neuroinflammation, which emerges as a key pathogenetic factor for the majority of neuropsychiatric disorders. Finally, we discuss the so called caloric restriction mimetics, compounds that reproduce properties of CR. Further research will be required to verify the safety and efficacy of CR before a general approval can be proposed to introduce it and its mimetics in clinical practice for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Degree Sequence of Graph Operator for some Standard Graphs
Authors: Harisha  , Ranjini P. S , Lokesha V. , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Topological indices play a very important role in the mathematical chemistry. The topological indices are numerical parameters of a graph. The degree sequence is obtained by considering the set of vertex degree of a graph. Graph operators are the ones which are used to obtain another broader graphs. This paper attempts to find degree sequence of vertex–F join operation of graphs for some standard graphs.
Periodic orbit in the frame work of restricted three bodies under the asteroids belt effect
Authors: Abozaid Ahmed A. , Selim H. H. , Gadallah Kamel A. K. , Hassan I. A. , Abouelmagd Elbaz I. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we present a comprehensive analytical study on the perturbed restricted three bodies problem. We formulate the equations of motion of this problem, in the event of the asteroids belt perturbation. We find the locations of equilibrium points (collinear and triangular points) and analysis their linear stability. Furthermore the periodic orbits around both collinear and triangular points are found.
A Crank-Nicolson Approximation for the time Fractional Burgers Equation
Authors: Onal M. , Esen A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the present manuscript, Crank Nicolson finite difference method is going to be applied to get the approximate solutions for the fractional Burgers equation. The fractional derivative used in this equation is going to be taken into consideration in the Caputo sense. The L1 type discretization formula is going to be applied to this equation. For checking the efficiency of proposed methods, the error norms L
2 and L
∞ have at the same time been calculated. Those newly got solutions using the presented method illustrate the easy usage and efficiency of the approach presented in this manuscript.
Production of triploid, doubled haploid (DH) and meiogynogenetic brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) – efficiency and development of body deformities
Authors: Jagiełło Krzysztof , Polonis Marcin , Panasiak Ligia , Dobosz Stefan , Ocalewicz Konrad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the present research we produced triploid, mitogynogenetic (doubled haploid; DH) and meiogynogenetic brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to examine efficiency of these technologies and potential susceptibility of chromosome set manipulated individuals for the spinal disorders. Triploidy was induced by shocking (High Hydrostatic Pressure – HHP) of fertilized eggs 30 min. after insemination. In turn, gynogenetic development was induced by activation of eggs with UV-irradiated sperm. Activated eggs were then exposed to HHP shock applied 30 and 420 minutes after insemination to provide meiogynogenotes and gynogenetic DHs, respectively. When compared to non-manipulated diploids, the highest survival rates were observed among triploid brook trout while DHs showed the highest mortality. Malformation rates in the diploid larvae from the control groups did not exceed 7.0% while percentage of malformed triploid individuals equaled 19.1%. Drastically increased number of deformed larvae (> 30%) was observed in both DH and meiogynogenetic individuals. Intensification of kyphosis and scoliosis was clearly demonstrated in the gynogenetic and triploid brook trout. Genetic factors such as increased number of sets of chromosomes in triploids and expression of lethal alleles in the gynogenetic fish plus side effects of HHP shock utilized for retention of the second polar body or inhibition of the first cell cleavage when induced triploid and gynogenetic development have been discussed to affect survival rates and prevalence for the skeletal deformities in the chromosome set manipulated brook trout.
Influence of partial replacement of some inorganic minerals with glycine complex and vitamin D3 source on performance, slaughter traits, sensory and physico-chemical characteristics of pheasant muscles (Phasianus colchicus L.) depending on gender
Authors: Grela Eugeniusz R. , Gugała Dariusz , Flis Marian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of these substitutions on body weight and slaughtering performance, post-mortem changes, sensory characteristics and chemical composition of selected muscle groups of male and female pheasants. The tests were carried out on pheasants during 5–16 weeks of rearing in enclosed aviaries. Four groups of 8 females and 8 males were formed, and the experimental factor was the supplementation of calcium, iron, zinc and copper salts with glycinates of these elements. The control group received a feed blend containing 100% of the mineral requirement as salts. In the E-25 group, 25% of the salts were replaced by glycinates, in the E-50 group 50% of the salts were replaced, and in the E-75 group only glycinates comprising 75% of the total mineral content were used and no salts were included, with vitamin D3 replaced by calcitriol. For the duration of the study, feeding was at will and the birds had free access to water. In addition, pheasants were weighed at the age of 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. Daily feed intake was monitored. At the end of the experiment, when all the pheasants were 16 weeks old, they were weighed and decapitated. The breast, thighs and drumsticks and the heart, liver and gizzard were removed from the chilled carcasses. Supplementation of calcium, iron, zinc and copper salts with 50% glycinates in feed mixtures for pheasants over a period of 5–16 weeks resulted in a slight improvement in the slaughter weight of birds and a significant increase in crude ash, calcium and zinc, while at 75% supplementation and when calcitriol was used instead of vitamin D3, increased phosphorus levels were found in the pheasant muscles analysed. Males had higher body weight, body weight gain, carcass, liver and gizzard weights, and their muscles had more magnesium and potassium and less calcium, sodium and iron than females.
Biosensors in Evaluation of Quality of Meat and Meat Products – A Review
Authors: Sionek Barbara , Przybylski Wiesław , Tambor Krzysztof 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Biosensors can find application in meat and meat products testing for safety, including microbial and other contaminants, and quality, including meat freshness, beef tenderness and pork quality defects. The available biosensors enable the evaluation of freshness, the classification of tenderness of meat products, the evaluation of the glycolysis extent and the presence of the microbial and other contaminants. Since biosensors depend on receptor types, the expansion of knowledge on metabolic transformations occurring in meat contributes to the development of new potential markers and indicators. Examples include assays for glucose, lactates, hypoxanthines, calpastastins, microbial and other contaminants in meat products, augmenting conventional methods. At the same time, biosensors rely on transducers for detection, requiring achievement in many fields including nanotechnology and optics, among others. Biosensors have potential to become a fundamental tool for monitoring and controlling safety and quality of meat products in the future. Hence the aim of the present paper is to present the current state of knowledge on the application of biosensors in meat.
Aquaporins in the nervous structures supplying the digestive organs – a review
Authors: Gonkowski Slawomir 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of integral membrane proteins which form pores in cell membranes and take part in the transport of water, contributing to the maintenance of water and electrolyte balance and are widely distributed in various tissues and organs. The high expression of AQPs has been described in the digestive system, where large-scale absorption and secretion of fluids occurs. AQPs are also present in the nervous system, but the majority of studies have involved the central nervous system. This paper is a review of the literature concerning relatively little-known issues, i.e. the distribution and functions of AQPs in nervous structures supplying the digestive organs.
Phytochemical profiles of Iris unguicularis Poir. with antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-Alzheimer activities
Authors: Bensari Souheir , Ouelbani Rayene , Yilmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Bensouici Chawki , Gokalp Esma , Khelifi Douadi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of medicinally important plants has gained great attention, lately. This study aims to investigate the phytochemical constituents of the partitioned extracts (ethyl acetate (AI), dichloromethane (CI) and n-butanol (BI)) derived from the 70% ethanol extract of the rhizomes (RI) of Iris unguicularis Poir. an Algerian-Tunisian endemic plant and to evaluate their biological activities. Seventy constituents of these partitioned extracts were qualitatively characterized by liquid chromatography ion trap time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-MS-IT-TOF) technique. Moreover, quantitative screening of phenolic acids and flavonoids in the studied extracts was accomplished by a previously validated LC-MS/MS method. It was determined that, AI and CI, which were the richest extracts in terms of phytochemical content, showed high antioxidant and antibacterial activities in parallel with their identified constituents, while AI extract was rich in protocatechuic (1080.4 µg analyte/g), 4-OH-benzoic (2218.2 µg/g), syringic (1218.6 µg/g) and pcoumaric (1071.2 µg/g) acids, CI extract has been found to be rich in naringenin (1453.4 µg/g) and ferulic acid (1088.4 µg/g). These results revealed and confirmed the importance of the species and especially the genus rhizomes which have largely been used in folk medicine for the treatment of many diseases. However, all extracts of this endemic plant were inactive at all concentration against acetyl-and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes.
Impact of ecological restoration techniques on the dynamics of degraded ecosystems of the mounts of Saida: Case of the forests of Doui Thabet (West Algeria)
Authors: Ahmed Aouadj Sid , Yahia Nasrallah , Okkacha Hasnaoui , Hadj Khatir 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aim of the present study aims to establish the impact of different restoration techniques (soil and vegetation works) of five pioneer species of the Doui Thabet forest (Mounts of Saida, West of Algeria): Pinus halepensis, Pistacia lentiscus., Tetraclinis articulata, Juniperus oxycedru,. and Stipa capensis (= S. tenacissima L.) between 2018 and 2020. An experimental field device covering an area of 1 ha has been installed in the Doui Thabet forest in a Pinus halepensis massive more than 80 years old. The following work was carried out: mechanical grinding of the vegetation (chopping), turning (scarification of soil) to a depth of 10 cm, tillage (Deep ploughing) to a depth of 20 cm, controlled burning of branches, clearing of Stipa capensis, seedlings planted in different seasons for certain species (Stipa capensis = S. tenacissima L.), monitoring of stump rejections and natural sowing. The sowing result varies according to the species and restoration techniques, it is high for Pinus halepensis and Stipa capensis. It is low for Tetraclinis articulata and Juniperus oxycedrus and none for Pistacia lentiscus while for Stipa capensis it is quite high when planted in autumn compared to spring. Turning and burning have proven to be the most abundant treatments for regeneration and growth. Grinding has medium seedling density and growth, while deep tillage and natural sowing showed low seedling density and growth.
Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of the structures and textures of the Miocene sediments in the Strymon basin, Northern Greece
Authors: Beratis Ioannis 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
For the purpose of lithological analysis the Miocene sedimentary sequences in the Strymon basin, Northern Greece have been observed and described in detail concluding in subdividing them into a new lithostratigraphic shape. These investigations in this analysis, through the study of data of the sedimentary structures and textures led to the interpretation of the depositional environments in the Miocene basin.