bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of delivery mode-associated gut microbiota dynamics on health in the first year of life
Authors: Reyman Marta , van Houten Marlies A. , van Baarle Debbie , Bosch Astrid A. T. M. , Man Wing Ho , Chu Mei Ling J. N. , Arp Kayleigh , Watson Rebecca L. , Sanders Elisabeth A. M. , Fuentes Susana , Bogaert Debby 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe early-life microbiome appears to be affected by mode of delivery, but this effect may depend on intrapartum antibiotic exposure. Here, we assess the effect of delivery mode on gut microbiota, independent of intrapartum antibiotics, by postponing routine antibiotic administration to mothers until after cord clamping in 74 vaginally delivered and 46 caesarean section born infants. The microbiota differs between caesarean section born and vaginally delivered infants over the first year of life, showing enrichment ofBifidobacteriumspp., and reduction ofEnterococcusandKlebsiellaspp. in vaginally delivered infants. The microbiota composition at one week of life is associated with the number of respiratory infections over the first year. The taxa driving this association are more abundant in caesarean section born children, providing a possible link between mode of delivery and susceptibility to infectious outcomes.
Full-length transcriptome reconstruction reveals a large diversity of RNA and protein isoforms in rat hippocampus
Authors: Wang Xi , You Xintian , Langer Julian D. , Hou Jingyi , Rupprecht Fiona , Vlatkovic Irena , Quedenau Claudia , Tushev Georgi , Epstein Irina , Schaefke Bernhard , Sun Wei , Fang Liang , Li Guipeng , Hu Yuhui , Schuman Erin M. , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGene annotation is a critical resource in genomics research. Many computational approaches have been developed to assemble transcriptomes based on high-throughput short-read sequencing, however, only with limited accuracy. Here, we combine next-generation and third-generation sequencing to reconstruct a full-length transcriptome in the rat hippocampus, which is further validated using independent 5´ and 3´-end profiling approaches. In total, we detect 28,268 full-length transcripts (FLTs), covering 6,380 RefSeq genes and 849 unannotated loci. Based on these FLTs, we discover co-occurring alternative RNA processing events. Integrating with polysome profiling and ribosome footprinting data, we predict isoform-specific translational status and reconstruct an open reading frame (ORF)-eome. Notably, a high proportion of the predicted ORFs are validated by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Moreover, we identify isoforms with subcellular localization pattern in neurons. Collectively, our data advance our knowledge of RNA and protein isoform diversity in the rat brain and provide a rich resource for functional studies.
TCF7L2 polymorphisms are associated with amygdalar volume in elderly individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ganmore Ithamar , Livny Abigail , Ravona-Springer Ramit , Cooper Itzik , Alkelai Anna , Shelly Shahar , Tsarfaty Galia , Heymann Anthony , Schnaider Beeri Michal , Greenbaum Lior 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe association between several Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) within the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2)gene and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) as well as additional T2D-related traits is well established. Since alteration in total and regional brain volumes are consistent findings among T2D individuals, we studied the association of four T2D susceptibility SNPS withinTCF7L2(rs7901695, rs7903146, rs11196205, and rs12255372) with volumes of white matter hyperintensities (WMH), gray matter, and regional volumes of amygdala and hippocampus obtained from structural MRI among 191 T2D elderly Jewish individuals. Under recessive genetic model (controlling for age, sex and intracranial volume), we found that for all four SNPs, carriers of two copies of the T2D risk allele (homozygous genotype) had significantly smaller amygdalar volume: rs7901695- CC genotype vs. CT + TT genotypes, p = 0.002; rs7903146-TT vs. TC + CC, p = 0.003; rs11196205- CC vs. CG + GG, p = 0.0003; and rs12255372- TT vs. TG + GG, p = 0.003. Adjusting also for T2D-related covariates, body mass index (BMI), and ancestry did not change the results substantively (rs7901695, p = 0.003; rs7903146, p = 0.005; rs11196205, p = 0.001; and rs12255372, p = 0.005). Conditional analysis demonstrated that only rs11196205 was independently associated with amygdalar volume at a significant level. Separate analysis of left and right amygdala revealed stronger results for left amygdalar volume. Taken together, we report association ofTCF7L2SNPs with amygdalar volume among T2D elderly Jewish patients. Further studies in other populations are required to support these findings and reach more definitive conclusions.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Selective Priming of Tumor Blood Vessels by Radiation Therapy Enhances Nanodrug Delivery
Authors: Kunjachan Sijumon , Kotb Shady , Pola Robert , Pechar Michal , Kumar Rajiv , Singh Bijay , Gremse Felix , Taleeli Reza , Trichard Florian , Motto-Ros Vincent , Sancey Lucie , Detappe Alexandre , Yasmin-Karim Sayeda , Protti Andrea , Shanmugam Ilanchezhian , Ireland Thomas , Etrych Tomas , Sridhar Srinivas , Tillement Olivier , Makrigiorgos Mike , Berbeco Ross I. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEffective drug delivery is restricted by pathophysiological barriers in solid tumors. In human pancreatic adenocarcinoma, poorly-permeable blood vessels limit the intratumoral permeation and penetration of chemo or nanotherapeutic drugs. New and clinically viable strategies are urgently sought to breach the neoplastic barriers that prevent effective drug delivery. Here, we present an original idea to boost drug delivery by selectively knocking down the tumor vascular barrier in a human pancreatic cancer model. Clinical radiation activates the tumor endothelial-targeted gold nanoparticles to induce a physical vascular damage due to the high photoelectric interactions. Active modulation of these tumor neovessels lead to distinct changes in tumor vascular permeability. Noninvasive MRI and fluorescence studies, using a short-circulating nanocarrier with MR-sensitive gadolinium and a long-circulating nanocarrier with fluorescence-sensitive nearinfrared dye, demonstrate more than two-fold increase in nanodrug delivery, post tumor vascular modulation. Functional changes in altered tumor blood vessels and its downstream parameters, particularly, changes in Ktrans (permeability), Kep (flux rate), and Ve (extracellular interstitial volume), reflect changes that relate to augmented drug delivery. The proposed dual-targeted therapy effectively invades the tumor vascular barrier and improve nanodrug delivery in a human pancreatic tumor model and it may also be applied to other nonresectable, intransigent tumors that barely respond to standard drug therapies.
Platform for ergonomic intraoral photodynamic therapy using low-cost, modular 3D-printed components: Design, comfort and clinical evaluation
Authors: Mallidi Srivalleesha , Khan Amjad P. , Liu Hui , Daly Liam , Rudd Grant , Leon Paola , Khan Shakir , Hussain Bilal M. A. , Hasan Syed A. , Siddique Shahid A. , Akhtar Kafil , August Meredith , Troulis Maria , Cuckov Filip , Celli Jonathan P. , Hasan Tayyaba 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOral cancer prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, especially in developing countries which lack the medical infrastructure to manage it. For example, the oral cancer burden in India has been identified as a public health crisis. The high expense and logistical barriers to obtaining treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy often result in progression to unmanageable late stage disease with high morbidity. Even when curative, these approaches can be cosmetically and functionally disfiguring with extensive side effects. An alternate effective therapy for oral cancer is a light based spatially-targeted cytotoxic therapy called photodynamic therapy (PDT). Despite excellent healing of the oral mucosa in PDT, a lack of robust enabling technology for intraoral light delivery has limited its broader implementation. Leveraging advances in 3D printing, we have developed an intraoral light delivery system consisting of modular 3D printed light applicators with pre-calibrated dosimetry and mouth props that can be utilized to perform PDT in conscious subjects without the need of extensive infrastructure or manual positioning of an optical fiber. To evaluate the stability of the light applicators, we utilized an endoscope in lieu of the optical fiber to monitor motion in the fiducial markers. Here we showcase the stability (less than 2 mm deviation in both horizontal and vertical axis) and ergonomics of our applicators in delivering light precisely to the target location in ten healthy volunteers. We also demonstrate in five subjects with T1N0M0 oral lesions that our applicators coupled with a low-cost fiber coupled LED-based light source served as a complete platform for intraoral light delivery achieving complete tumor response with no residual disease at initial histopathology follow up in these patients. Overall, our approach potentiates PDT as a viable therapeutic option for early stage oral lesions that can be delivered in low resource settings.
Testosterone causes pleiotropic effects on cleanerfish behaviour
Authors: Soares Marta C. , Mazzei Renata , Cardoso Sónia C. , Ramos Cândida , Bshary Redouan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMathematical modelling regarding evolutionary theory typically assumes that optimal strategies are not constrained through mechanistic processes. In contrast, recent studies on brain anatomy and neurobiology suggest that flexibility in social behaviour is rather constrained by the physiological state of the social decision-making network. Changing its state may yield selective advantages in some social contexts but neutral or even detrimental effects in others. Here we provide field evidence for such physiological trade-offs. We subjected wild female cleaner wrasse to injections of testosterone or of saline solution (control) and then observed both intraspecific interactions and interspecific cleaning behaviour with other reef fish, referred to as clients. Testosterone-treated females intensified intraspecific social interactions, showing more aggression towards smaller females and tendencies of increased aggressive and affiliative contacts with dominant males. Such testosterone-mediated changes fit the hypothesis that an increase in testosterone mediates female’s focus on status in this protogynous hermaphrodite species, where females eventually change sex to become males. Moreover, we also identified other effects on interspecific social interactions: testosterone-treated females interacted less with client reef fishes and hence obtained less food. Most importantly, they selectively reduced service quality for species that were less likely to punish after being cheated. Overall, our findings suggest that testosterone causes pleiotropic effects on intra and interspecific social behaviour by broadly influencing female cleaners’ decision-making.
Therapeutic potential of functionalized siRNA nanoparticles on regression of liver cancer in experimental mice
Authors: Khan Azmat Ali , Alanazi Amer M. , Jabeen Mumtaz , Chauhan Arun , Ansari Mohammad Azam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractShort interfering RNA (siRNA) possesses special ability of silencing specific gene. To increase siRNA stability, transportation and its uptake by tumor cells, effective delivery to the appropriate target cells is a major challenge of siRNA-based therapy. In the present study, an effective, safe and biocompatible survivin siRNA encapsulated, GalNAc decorated PEGylated PLGA nanoconjugates (NCs) viz., GalNAc@PEG@siRNA-PLGA were engineered and their synergistic antitumor efficacy was evaluated for targeted delivery in HCC bearing experimental mice. GalNAc@PEG@siRNA-PLGA NCs were characterized for size, bioavailability, toxicity and biocompatibility. Their antitumor potential was evaluated considering gene silencing, apoptosis, histopathology and survival of treated mice. Exceptional accumulation of hepatocytes, reduction in survivin expression and prominent regression in tumor size confirmed the ASGPR-mediated uptake of ligand-anchored NCs and silencing of survivin gene in a targeted manner. Increased DNA fragmentation and potential modulation of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 factors specified the induction of apoptosis that helped in significant inhibition of HCC progression. The potential synchronous and tumor selective delivery of versatile NCs indicated the effective payloads towards the target site, increased apoptosis in cancer cells and improved survival of treated animals.
CENP-A binding domains and recombination patterns in horse spermatocytes
Authors: Cappelletti Eleonora , Piras Francesca M. , Badiale Claudia , Bambi Marina , Santagostino Marco , Vara Covadonga , Masterson Teri A. , Sullivan Kevin F. , Nergadze Solomon G. , Ruiz-Herrera Aurora , Giulotto Elena 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCentromeres exert an inhibitory effect on meiotic recombination, but the possible contribution of satellite DNA to this “centromere effect” is under debate. In the horse, satellite DNA is present at all centromeres with the exception of the one from chromosome 11. This organization of centromeres allowed us to investigate the role of satellite DNA on recombination suppression in horse spermatocytes at the stage of pachytene. To this aim we analysed the distribution of the MLH1 protein, marker of recombination foci, relative to CENP-A, marker of centromeric function. We demonstrated that the satellite-less centromere of chromosome 11 causes crossover suppression, similarly to satellite-based centromeres. These results suggest that the centromere effect does not depend on satellite DNA. During this analysis, we observed a peculiar phenomenon: while, as expected, the centromere of the majority of meiotic bivalent chromosomes was labelled with a single immunofluorescence centromeric signal, double-spotted or extended signals were also detected. Their number varied from 0 to 7 in different cells. This observation can be explained by positional variation of the centromeric domain on the two homologs and/or misalignment of pericentromeric satellite DNA arrays during homolog pairing confirming the great plasticity of equine centromeres.
Rapid maturation of the hepatic cell line Huh7 via CDK inhibition for PXR dependent CYP450 metabolism and induction
Authors: Bulutoglu Beyza , Mert Safak , Rey-Bedón Camilo , Deng Sarah L. , Yarmush Martin L. , Usta O. Berk 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCYP3A4, a cytochrome P450 enzyme regulated by the nuclear receptor PXR, is involved in most of the drug metabolizing pathways. Studying the regulation/induction of CYP3A4 and PXR is critical in toxicology and drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies. Primary human hepatocytes constitute the preferred in vitro platform for drug development efforts. However, they are expensive, scarce and heterogeneous. Hepatic cell lines, such as Huh7, could provide a cost-effective alternative, however, they express negligible amounts of CYP450s and PXR. In this study, we show that dinaciclib, a potent cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, significantly increases the basal CYP3A4 and PXR levels in 24 hours. We also demonstrated that matured Huh7s can be used for drug induction studies, where CYP3A4, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, and CYP2C19 inductions were achieved following rifampicin treatment. More importantly, through a direct demonstration using amiodarone and rifampicin as model drugs, we showed that matured Huh7s present a suitable platform for DDI studies.
Modulation of out-of-plane reflected waves by using acoustic metasurfaces with tapered corrugated holes
Authors: Li Xiao-Shuang , Wang Yan-Feng , Chen A-Li , Wang Yue-Sheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, modulation of reflected wavefront out of the incident plane by a tunable acoustic metasurface is investigated based on the fully generalized Snell’s law in the three-dimensional space. The metasurface is constructed by a square lattice of circular holes with gradient annular bumps. The phase shift is tuned by changing the volume of water filled in the holes. The acoustic wave steering out of the incident plane and the out-of-plane acoustic focusing with the oblique incidence at the subwavelength scale are demonstrated numerically by selecting suitable distributions of water depth. The numerical results show that the wavefront of the reflected wave can be manipulated over a wide frequency range; and the gradient design of the unit cells can suppress the parasitic reflection. The present work is relevant to the practical design of novel acoustic devices.
System design of gyro north‐seeker calibration system
Authors: Fu Yongjie 
Published: November 2019

Aimed at the metrology support requirements of weapons found north orientation equipment, a gyro north‐seeker calibration system is designed. The system uses one plane mirror and two 1 m collimators to set up three north benchmarks at the same time, and they are assigned to the north. The accuracy of the introduced three northward azimuthal angles is as follows: ±0.20″, ±0.18″, ±0.17″. Between the three north benchmarks, the mutual check function can be realised. The system can realise the calibration of the gyro theodolite and gyro north‐seeker with auto‐collimation function and no auto‐collimation function. The composition and working principle of the system are described in detail. After examination, the north‐seeking precision accuracy of the system is 3″ (k  = 2). It satisfies the metrological calibration of the gyro theodolite and gyro north‐seeker whose north‐seeking precision is below 12″. Through practice, the system is accurate, stable and reliable.
Local solid particle velocity measurement based on spatial filter effect of differential capacitance sensor array
Authors: Heming Gao , Huiwen Deng , Yingxing Min , Bing Wang , Bingyan Fan 
Published: November 2019

This study proposes a novel velocity measurement method based on a differential capacitance sensor array (DCSA) for the solid particles in gas‐solid flow. Firstly, the DCSA is modelled by the finite‐element software ANSOFT, and its sensitivity characteristic is acquired. Additionally, the spatial filtering effect of DCSA is theoretically investigated, which validates the feasibility of particle velocity measurement based on DCSA. By measuring the frequency bandwidth (cut‐off frequency) of the DCSA's output capacitance signal, the velocity of the local particles in the pipeline can be calculated. Further through the form of differential detection, the cut‐off frequency can be accurately converged. Finally, a novel solid particle velocimeter based on DCSA is developed and tested on a gravity‐delivery particle experimental device. The results indicate that the method has the feasibility for the velocity measurement and its repeatability is within 11% over the velocity range of 1–3 m/s.
A new take on the low-mass brown dwarf companions on wide orbits in Upper-Scorpius
Authors: Petrus S. , Bonnefoy M. , Chauvin G. , Babusiaux C. , Delorme P. , Lagrange A.-M. , Florent N. , Bayo A. , Janson M. , Biller B. , Manjavacas E. , Marleau G.-D. , Kopytova T. 
Published: November 2019

Context. The Upper-Scorpius association (5–11 Myr) contains a unique population of low-mass (M ≤ 30MJup) brown dwarfs either free-floating, forming wide pairs, or on wide orbits around solar-type and massive stars. The detailed relative characterization of their physical properties (mass, radius, temperature, composition, and ongoing accretion) offers the opportunity to potentially explore their origin and mechanisms of formation.
Aims. In this study, we aim to characterize the chemical and physical properties of three young, late-M brown dwarfs claimed to be companions of the Upper-Scorpius stars USco 161031.9-16191305, HIP 77900, and HIP 78530 using medium-resolution spectroscopy at UV (0.30−0.56μm; Rλ ~ 3300), optical (0.55−1.02μm; Rλ ~ 5400), and NIR (1.02−2.48μm; Rλ ~ 4300) wavelengths. The spectra of six free-floating analogs from the same association are analyzed for comparison and to explore the potential physical differences between these substellar objects found in different configurations. We also aim to examine and analyze hydrogen emission lines at UV and optical wavelengths to investigate the presence of ongoing accretion processes.
Methods. The X-shooter spectrograph at VLT was used to obtain the spectra of the nine young brown dwarfs over the 0.3−2.5μm range simultaneously. Performing a forward modeling of the observed spectra with the ForMoSA code, we infer the Teff, log (g), and radius of our objects. The code compares here the BT-SETTL15 models to the observed spectra using the Nested Sampling Bayesian inference method. Mass is determined using evolutionary models, and a new analysis of the physical association is presented based on Gaia-DR2 astrometry.
Results. The Teff and log (g) determined for our companions are compatible with those found for free-floating analogs of the Upper-Scorpius association and with evolutionary model predictions at the age of the association. However the final accuracy on the Teff estimates is strongly limited by nonreproducibility of the BT-SETTL15 models in the range of Teff corresponding to the M8–M9 spectral types. We identified Hα, Hβ, Hγ, and Ca II H and K emission lines in the spectrum of several objects. We attribute these lines to chromospheric activity except for the free-floating object USco 1608-2315 for which they are indicative of active accretion (M˙ ≤ 10−10.76 M⊙ yr−1). We confirm the four-fold over-luminosity of USco 161031.9-16191305 B down to 0.3 μm, which could be explained in part by the activity of this object and if the companion is an unresolved multiple system.
Encuesta sobre el manejo de injertos del ligamento cruzado anterior contaminados accidentalmente
Authors: Figueroa Francisco , Figueroa David , Calvo Rafael , Vaisman Alejandro , Pino Felipe , Mena Rafael Calvo , O'Connell Luis A. 
Published: November 2019

Resumen
Objetivo Encuestar a cirujanos de rodilla en Chile, sobre su conducta en contaminaciones accidentales del injerto, en reconstrucciones de ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA).
Métodos Se realizó una encuesta anónima en relación a la incidencia, tratamiento y resultados clínicos de los injertos de LCA contaminados, a todos los médicos pertenecientes al área de traumatología y ortopedia asistentes al congreso Ateneo de rodilla 2015.
Resultados Se encuestaron 54 médicos, 33 (61%) especialistas en cirugía de rodilla y 21 (39%) médicos en formación. De los cirujanos de rodilla, 15 (45%) reportaron al menos un caso de contaminación, de los cuales 12 (80%) informaron un único evento, 3 (20%) indicaron la eventualidad en 2, 3 y 5 ocasiones respectivamente, para un total de 22 injertos contaminados. De los cirujanos que reportaron injertos contaminados, 11 (73%) realizan 50 o más reconstrucciones al año. La decisión tomada en los casos de contaminación fue en 13 oportunidades (59%), lavar el injerto y utilizarlo de acuerdo al plan inicial; en 6 casos (27%), utilizar aloinjerto; en 2 ocasiones (9%), utilizar autoinjerto alternativo; y en 1 oportunidad (5%); triplicar el semitendinoso. Ninguno de los casos de contaminación reportó infecciones.
Conclusiones En casos de una contaminación accidental, la mayoría de los cirujanos encuestados prefieren optar por la descontaminación del injerto y su utilización en la reconstrucción de acuerdo al plan inicial; para lo cual la clorhexidina y antibióticos sería la solución a usar de preferencia.
Nivel de Evidencia Nivel V, opinión de experto.