bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Rhythm in the Force of Forces”
Authors: Gilroy Paul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This essay is addressed to discrepancies between musical and political time. It uses the death of Hugh Masekela to consider the changing pattern of intergenerational relationships and the place of music within local and transnational freedom movements. The impact of technological change on the mediation of political solidarity is then examined through two principal examples: the elaboration of generic racial identity and the weaponization of culture and information by the alt-right and its fellow travelers.
Current routines for antibiotic prophylaxis prior to transrectal prostate biopsy: a national survey to all urology clinics in Sweden
Authors: Styrke Johan , Resare Sven , Lundström Karl-Johan , Masaba Patrick , Lagerros Christofer , Stattin Pär 
Published: January 2020

Background: The risk of infection after transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies is increasing. The aim of the study was to assess the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for prostate biopsy in Sweden. Methods: All public and private urology clinics reporting to the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden received a survey on TRUS-biopsy prophylaxis. Results: Of the 84 clinics surveyed, 76 replied (90%). If no risk factors for infection were present, a single dose of ciprofloxacin 750 mg was used by 50 clinics (66%). Multiple doses of ciprofloxacin 500 or 750 mg (n=14; 18%) or a single dose of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 160/800 mg (n=7; 9%) were other common prophylaxes. Most clinics gave the prophylaxes immediately before the biopsy (n=41; 54%). Urine dipstick was used by 30 clinics (39%) and rectal enema by six (8%). In patients with high risk of infection, the survey mirrors a large variety of regiments used. Conclusions: The preference to use a single dose of ciprofloxacin 750 mg is in accordance with the Swedish national guidelines for patients with a low risk of infection. Better compliance to the guideline recommendation to use a urine dipstick would probably increase the number of patients classified as having an increased risk of infection. Being classified as a high-risk patient should lead to an extended duration of antibiotic prophylaxis, however, the variety of regimens used in the high-risk group reflects an inability to treat these patients in a standardized fashion and also highlights a need for more clear-cut guidelines. Pre-biopsy identification of high-risk patients is an important issue to tackle for the urologic clinics in order to reduce the number of infections.
Dyslipidemia as a risk factor for liver fibrosis progression in a multicentric population with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Méndez-Sánchez Nahum , Cerda-Reyes Eira , Higuera-de-la-Tijera Fátima , Salas-García Ana K. , Cabrera-Palma Samantha , Cabrera-Álvarez Guillermo , Cortez-Hernández Carlos , Pérez-Arredondo Luis A , Purón-González Emma , Coronado-Alejandro Edgar , Panduro Arturo , Rodríguez-Hernández Heriberto , Cruz-Ramón Vania C. , Valencia-Rodríguez Alejandro , Qi Xingshun , Hamdan-Pérez Nashla , Aguilar-Olivos Nancy E. , Barranco-Fragoso Beatriz , Ramírez-Pérez Oscar , Vera-Barajas Alfonso 
Published: January 2020

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious worldwide health problem, with an estimated global prevalence of 24%; it has a notable relationship with other metabolic disorders, like obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the most important clinical entities of NAFLD, which is associated with an increased risk of progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mexico is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of metabolic diseases; therefore, we sought to investigate the impact that these clinical entities have in the progression to advanced fibrosis in Mexican patients with NASH. Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective cross-sectional study, from January 2012 to December 2017. A total of 215 patients with biopsy-proven NASH and fibrosis were enrolled. NASH was diagnosed according NAS score and liver fibrosis was staged by the Kleiner scoring system. For comparing the risk of liver fibrosis progression, we divided our sample into two groups. Those patients with stage F0-F2 liver fibrosis were included in the group with non-significant liver fibrosis (n=178) and those individuals with F3-F4 fibrosis were included in the significant fibrosis group (n=37). We carried out a multivariate analysis to find risk factors associated with liver fibrosis progression. Results: From the 215 patients included, 37 had significant liver fibrosis (F3-4). After logistic regression analysis T2DM (p=0.044), systemic arterial hypertension (p=0.014), cholesterol (p=0.041) and triglycerides (p=0.015) were the main predictor of advanced liver fibrosis. Conclusions: In a Mexican population, dyslipidemia was the most important risk factor associated with advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
Dynamic change process of a recast layer in Nd:YAG millisecond laser trepan drilling
Authors: Duan Wenqiang , Mei Xuesong , Fan Zhengjie , Chen Jingmeng , Zhang Yifei 
Published: January 2020

Laser drilling has extensive applications in modern industry. To improve the quality of microholes drilled by a high-power millisecond pulsed laser, the laser trepan drilling technique was studied in depth in this paper. Processing parameters, such as trepanning speed (TS) and rotation number (RN), were experimentally studied for their influence on a recast layer (RL), and the detailed change process of the RL in laser repairing stage was also analyzed. It was discovered that the RL thickness would decrease with lower TS and larger RN, but micro edge cracks would appear at the hole entrance if the two parameters exceeded some appropriate ranges. The reduction of the RL during laser trepanning was neither linear nor uniform; it was a dynamic change process. The minimal RL obtained in this study was about 1 µm at the hole entrance. The difference in laser trepanning diameter has no influence on the RL. The mechanism of RL reduction in laser trepan drilling is that the recast material may intermittently be remelted by the rotating laser beam, and once it is remelted, it can be pushed downward by the vaporization-induced recoil pressure and assist gas. This process can continue only if the absorbed energy can support and keep the molten material in liquid state; therefore, the thickness of the RL is inversely proportional to the duration of the remelted material remaining in liquid state per unit length. The theoretical analysis is consistent with the experimental results.
Potret Dakwah Kontroversial Tayangan Televisi
Authors: Zamroni Muhammad 
Published: January 2020

Salah satu tayangan Televisi bermuatan dakwah kontroversial adalah program acara Khazanah berdasarkan substansi, sistem pengemasan, dan jam tayang diproduksi oleh stasiun Trans7.Secara substansi dan tema lebih mengedepankan sisi kelompok masyarakat yang tidak suka tanpa memberikan ruang buat kelompok yang senang mengamalkannya. Padahal mereka tentulah juga memiliki dalil dan argument yang kuat. Ujung-ujungnya bisa menggiring pada pembodohan masyarakat dan menjurus kearah konflik. Dalam pengemasan program acara Khazanah juga dianggap sudah baik, hanya saja gambar-gambar (feature) hanya diambil dari youtube bukan langsung produksi sendiri terkesan hanya dicocok-cocokkan. Durasi yang relatif tidak lama, yakni 30 menit adalah cukup, sehingga tidak membosankan.Respon khalayak NU, Muhammadiyah dan Syi’ah dengan jam tayang program acara Khazanah di Trans7 yang disiarkan mulai jam 05.30 sampai dengan jam 06.00 adalah prime time ditanggapi berbeda-beda. Paling tidak tercatat ada empat (4) episode yang dianggap kontroversial yaitu pertama, edisi 14 November 2012 menyalahkan praktek ziarah kubur yang dilakukan oleh mayoritas umat Islam Indonesia sebagai perbuatan syirik; Kedua, pada edisi 02 April 2013 menyalahkan praktek doa dan tawasul; Ketiga, edisi 04 April 2013 menyalahkan ajaran Ulama dan Kyai aliran (faham) Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah serta menyudutkan sosok seorang kyai sebagai sosok pelaku syirik; dan Keempat, edisi 31 Oktober 2013 berjudul mengenal Syiah.
Kebijakan Kepala Sekolah dalam Mengembangkan Pendidikan Karakter Sikap Disiplin di SD IT Salsabila Yogyakarta
Authors: Rohmah I’anatur , Hidayat Nur 
Published: January 2020

Abstrak.Pendidikan merupakan suatu tolak ukur dalam kemajuan suatu negara. Suatu negara dikatakan maju apabila pendidikan merata dikalangan masyarakat untuk mencapai tujuan dari pendidikan itu sendiri. Pendidikan adalah suatu hal yang sangat mendukung dalam pembangunan dan kemajuan suatu negara. Oleh sebab itu ada sinegri antara sekolah, orang tua, dan masyarakat dalam mencetak kualitas dan karakter yang tinggi, dan ketiga komponen tersebut saling mendukung. Sekolah merupakan lembaga yang paling baik dan stategis dalam menanamkan nilai karakter peserta didik, dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, budaya sekolah, dan kegiatan pengembangan diri. Melalui kebijakan yang baik akan menumbuhkan kedisiplinan dikalangan sekolah. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini meluputi, 1) bagaimana Upaya kebijakan kepala sekolah dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter sikap disiplin di SDIT Salsabila Al-Muthi’in, 2) Apa faktor pendukung dan penghambat Upaya Kepala Sekolah dalam mengembangkan pendidikan karakter disiplin di SDIT Salsabila Al-Muthi’in. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yang dilakukan melalui pengamatan, wawacara dan dokumentasi.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MOTOR ACTIVITIES AT PE LESSONS ON MYOPIA PROGRESSION
Authors: Kodaneva L , Ratkina N 
Published: January 2020

Aim. The article deals with assessing the effect of different types of motor activity performed during physical education classes on myopia development. Materials and methods. 42 female university students aged 18 years participated in the study. All participants are characterized by acquired uncomplicated myopia. Three homogenous groups of fourteen were formed. The first group performed Nordic walking at PE classes, the second group used a fitness game (Just Dance), the third group was exempted from attending practical PE classes. All female students underwent an ophthalmic examination at the beginning and at the end of the study. The level of physical development and functional abilities of the body was established in all participants. The assessment was conducted based on the dynamics of indicators. Results. It was established that Nordic walking and lessons with a fitness game (Just Dance) did not influence significantly myopia development (р > 0.05). In the first group, myopia development was registered at the level of 0.34 diopter/year, and in the second group – 0.31 diopter/year. However, the comparison of the data obtained with those of the third group revealed a statistically significant difference (р < 0.01). Myopia development in the group exempted from attending practical PE classes was 0.75 diopter/year. Positive dynamics in motor coordination was registered in 57.1% of the first group and 64.3% of the second group. The majority of people from these groups demonstrated an increase in the indicators of the muscular strength of the leading arm and chest excursion. Moreover, more significant changes were registered for the group with a fitness game (Just Dance). The indicators of the third group remained at the same level or even worsened. Conclusion. Different types of motor activity at PE classes reduce myopia development approximately in the same way. A negative dynamics reveled for certain indicators in the third group can be probably determined by the deficit of motor activity due to huge academic load.
Non-reduced moduli spaces of sheaves on multiple curves
Authors: Drézet Jean-Marc 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Some coherent sheaves on projective varieties have a non-reduced versal deformation space; for example, this is the case for most unstable rank 2 vector bundles on ℙ2, see [18]. In particular, some moduli spaces of stable sheaves are non-reduced. We consider some sheaves on ribbons (double structures on smooth projective curves): let E be a quasi locally free sheaf of rigid type and let 𝓔 be a flat family of sheaves containing E. We find that 𝓔 is a reduced deformation of E when some canonical family associated to 𝓔 is also flat. We consider also a deformation of the ribbon to reduced projective curves with two components, and find that E can be deformed in two distinct ways to sheaves on the reduced curves. In particular some components M of the moduli spaces of stable sheaves deform to two components of the moduli spaces of sheaves on the reduced curves, and M appears as the “limit” of varieties with two components, whence the non-reduced structure of M.
Active topological photonics
Authors: Ota Yasutomo , Takata Kenta , Ozawa Tomoki , Amo Alberto , Jia Zhetao , Kante Boubacar , Notomi Masaya , Arakawa Yasuhiko , Iwamoto Satoshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Topological photonics emerged as a novel route to engineer the flow of light. Topologically protected photonic edge modes, which are supported at the perimeters of topologically nontrivial insulating bulk structures, are of particular interest as they may enable low-loss optical waveguides immune to structural disorder. Very recently, there has been a sharp rise of interest in introducing gain materials into such topological photonic structures, primarily aiming at revolutionizing semiconductor lasers with the aid of physical mechanisms existing in topological physics. Examples of remarkable realizations are topological lasers with unidirectional light output under time-reversal symmetry breaking and topologically protected polariton and micro/nanocavity lasers. Moreover, the introduction of gain and loss provides a fascinating playground to explore novel topological phases, which are in close relevance to non-Hermitian and parity-time symmetric quantum physics and are, in general, difficult to access using fermionic condensed matter systems. Here, we review the cutting-edge research on active topological photonics, in which optical gain plays a pivotal role. We discuss recent realizations of topological lasers of various kinds, together with the underlying physics explaining the emergence of topological edge modes. In such demonstrations, the optical modes of the topological lasers are determined by the dielectric structures and support lasing oscillation with the help of optical gain. We also address recent research on topological photonic systems in which gain and loss, themselves, essentially influence topological properties of the bulk systems. We believe that active topological photonics provides powerful means to advance micro/nanophotonics systems for diverse applications and topological physics, itself, as well.
Habitual physical activity is associated with lower fasting and greater glucose-induced GLP-1 response in men
Authors: Janus Charlotte , Vistisen Dorte , Amadid Hanan , Witte Daniel R , Lauritzen Torsten , Brage Søren , Bjerregaard Anne-Louise , Hansen Torben , Holst Jens J , Jørgensen Marit E , Pedersen Oluf , Færch Kristine , Torekov Signe S 
Published: January 2020

Rationale
The hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) decreases blood glucose and appetite. Greater physical activity (PA) is associated with lower incidence of type 2 diabetes. While acute exercise may increase glucose-induced response of GLP-1, it is unknown how habitual PA affects GLP-1 secretion. We hypothesised that habitual PA associates with greater glucose-induced GLP-1 responses in overweight individuals.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of habitual PA levels and GLP-1 concentrations in 1326 individuals (mean (s.d.) age 66 (7) years, BMI 27.1 (4.5) kg/m2) from the ADDITION-PRO cohort. Fasting and oral glucose-stimulated GLP-1 responses were measured using validated radioimmunoassay. PA was measured using 7-day combined accelerometry and heart rate monitoring. From this, energy expenditure (PAEE; kJ/kg/day) and fractions of time spent in activity intensities (h/day) were calculated. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF; mL O2/kg/min) was calculated using step tests. Age-, BMI- and insulin sensitivity-adjusted associations between PA and GLP-1, stratified by sex, were evaluated by linear regression analysis.

Results
In 703 men, fasting GLP-1 concentrations were 20% lower (95% CI: −33; −3%, P = 0.02) for every hour of moderate-intensity PA performed. Higher CRF and PAEE were associated with 1–2% lower fasting GLP-1 (P = 0.01). For every hour of moderate-intensity PA, the glucose-stimulated GLP-1 response was 16% greater at peak 30 min (1; 33%, P
rAUC0-30 = 0.04) and 20% greater at full response (3; 40%, P
rAUC0-120 = 0.02). No associations were found in women who performed PA 22 min/day vs 32 min/day for men.

Conclusion
Moderate-intensity PA is associated with lower fasting and greater glucose-induced GLP-1 responses in overweight men, possibly contributing to improved glucose and appetite regulation with increased habitual PA.
Long-term efficacy of metformin in overweight-obese PCOS: longitudinal follow-up of retrospective cohort
Authors: Jensterle Mojca , Kravos Nika Aleksandra , Ferjan Simona , Goricar Katja , Dolzan Vita , Janez Andrej 
Published: January 2020

Objective
Long-term efficacy of metformin in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) apart from in those with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes remains unproven. We aimed to evaluate the impact of metformin in overweight-obese patients with PCOS and normal baseline glycemic homeostasis.

Methods
A 10-year longitudinal follow-up of a retrospective cohort comprising 159 patients with PCOS defined by Rotterdam criteria, BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and normal initial glucose homeostasis (age 28.4 ± 6.4 years, BMI 34.9 ± 6.6 kg/m2) that had been receiving metformin 1000 mg BID. Collection data contained 6085 time-points including anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters.

Results
After the first year body mass (BM) decreased for 3.9 ± 6.8 kg (P < 0.001) and remained stable during the following 3 years. Menstrual frequency (MF) increased to 3.0 ± 3.9 bleeds/year (P < 0.001) after first year to over 11 bleeds/year in the following years. The total testosterone and androstenedione decreased to 15.4 ± 47.9% and 11.3 ± 46.4% within first year, with further decrease in total testosterone and androstenedione to 37.8 ± 61.8 and 24.8 ± 40.5% at the fifth year of the follow-up. The total conversion rate to prediabetes and diabetes was extremely low throughout observation period. Less than 25% of patients continued with metformin for more than 5 years with further dropout to only 6% on metformin therapy at the tenth year of follow-up.

Conclusions
Long-term metformin treatment of overweight-obese women with PCOS and normal baseline glycemic homeostasis resulted in reduction and stabilization of BM, improvements of MF and androgen profile and low conversion rate to diabetes.
Factors associated with resistance to complications in long-standing type 1 diabetes in China
Authors: Liu W , Wang Y , Han X , Cai X , Zhu Y , Zhang M , Gong S , Li J , Ji L 
Published: January 2020

Objective
Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is associated with a higher risk of premature death, but there are factors in certain patients with T1DM that protect them from complications and premature death. These factors had not been identified in non-Caucasian populations, so we aimed to identify factors that protect against the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in long-standing T1DM in China.

Methods
Ninety-five T1DM patients with >30 years’ duration of diabetes were enrolled in this nationwide study. Differences between groups of patients with and without complications were compared, and multivariable regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationships between candidate protective factors and the development of DN or DR.

Results
Thirty of the participants did not have DN and the same amount did not have DR. 6/52 of participants without DN were from a rural area, whereas 11/28 of participants with DN had been born in a rural area (P = 0.005). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was higher in participants with DN (135 ± 26 mmHg vs 121 ± 13 mmHg; P = 0.002). In participants without DR, 27/30 were married or cohabitating, and only 3/30 were single, never married, or widowed, but for those with proliferative DR (PDR), 13/26 had been married (P = 0.003). A rural or urban origin and SBP were associated with DN in the multivariable analysis.

Conclusion
we have shown that higher socioeconomic status, indicated by birth in an urban area, and being married or cohabitating, are accompanied by better blood pressure control and a lower risk of microvascular complications in Chinese patients with long-standing T1DM. These findings illustrate the importance of improving care for patients with T1DM in China.
Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device After Descending Aortic Stent Graft for Mural Thrombus
Authors: Shah Aakash , Onwumbiko Bella , Encarnacion Carlos O. , Krause Eric , Sorensen Erik , Toursavadkohi Shahab , Griffith Bartley P. , Kon Zachary N. , Kaczorowski David 
Published: January 2020

In patients with intraluminal thrombus, commonly applied temporary circulatory support modalities are contraindicated secondary to concern regarding distal or proximal (specifically veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) embolization of the thrombus. Therefore, in patients with cardiogenic shock and synchronous intraluminal descending aortic thrombus, support options are quite limited. We report a case of a 66-year-old man in cardiogenic shock, due to an ischemic cardiomyopathy, who also had intramural thrombus with an intraluminal component in the descending thoracic aorta. An endovascular stent graft was inserted inside the aorta over the location of the mural thrombus. This allowed for the placement of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) for pre-operative optimization. After 3 days, a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) was implanted via left anterolateral thoracotomy with hemi-sternotomy, and the IABP was removed. Post-operatively, he had a relatively uncomplicated course without signs of embolic phenomena and ultimately was discharged home. Surveillance computed tomography imaging at 6 months showed no endovascular leak or migration of the stent. This case demonstrates the feasibility of aortic stent graft placement to allow safe insertion of an IABP in the setting of aortic mural thrombus. Furthermore, it demonstrates the safety and feasibility of LVAD implantation after recent aortic stent graft placement.