bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory and field evaluation of MAÏA®, an ointment containing N, N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) against mosquitoes in Burkina Faso
Authors: Traore Alphonse , Niyondiko Gérard , Sanou Antoine , Langevin Franck , Sagnon N'falé , Gansané Adama , Guelbeogo Moussa Wamdaogo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMalaria vector control relies upon the use of insecticide treated nets and the Indoor Residual Spraying. However, as the emergency of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors grows, the effectiveness of these measures could be limited. Thus, alternative tools are needed. In this context, repellents can play an important role against exophagic and exophilic mosquitoes. This study evaluated the efficacy of MAÏA® , a novel repellent ointment, in laboratory and field conditions in Burkina Faso.For the Laboratory and field assessment, twenty volunteers were enrolled and trained for nocturnal collection of mosquitoes using Human Landing Catches (HLC).MethodsIn the laboratory tests, 2 mg / cm2 of treatments (either the MAIA® or the 20% DEET) were used to assess median Complete Protection (CPT) against two species that includes Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti following the WHO guidelines. For both species two strains consisting of susceptible and local strains were used. The susceptible strains were Kisumu and Bora Bora respectively for Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti. For the field test, the median CPT of the MAIA was compared to that of a negative (70% Ethanol) and positive (20% DEET) after carrying out human landing catches in rural Burkina Faso in both indoor and outdoor settings. ResultsLaboratory tests showed median Kaplan–Meier Complete Protection Times (CPT) of 6 hours 30 minutes for Anopheles gambiae (Kisumu), of 5 hours 30 minutes for Anopheles gambiae (Goden, local strain) and of 4 hours for Aedes aegypti for both the local and sensitive strain. Thus, these laboratory results suggest MAÏA® is a good repellent against the three mosquito species. Field tests showed that median CPT of 20% DEET and MAÏA® were similar (8 hours) and longer than that of the negative control (2 hours).During these field test, in the field a total of 3,979 mosquitoes were caught. In this population, Anopheline represented 98.5% and the culicine (Aedes) making up the remaining 1.5%. Among anopheline mosquitoes, 95% belonged to Anopheles gambiae complex, followed by Anopheles funestus, and Anopheles pharoensis. The median CPT of 20% DEET and MAÏA® were similar (8 hours) and longer than that of the negative control (2 hours).ConclusionResults from the present studies showed that MAÏA® offers high protection against Anophelines biting indoor and outdoor and could play an important role in malaria control in Africa.
The Fate of Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Properties in Dried and Roasted ‘Super Hot’ Chili Fruit
Authors: Yap Esther Shiau Ping , Uthairatanakij Apiradee , Laohakunjit Natta , Jitareerat Pongphen , Vongsawasdi Punchira , Aiamla-or Sukanya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Adherence Measurements among HIV-positive Adolescents on ARVs in Cameroon: Comparison between Self-report and the Medication Possession Ratio
Authors: Bongfen Mbuwir Charlotte , Torpey Kwasi , John Ganle , Augustine Ankomah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective Adherence to ARV medications has been shown to improve treatment outcomes in HIV positive patients. Given that treatment to ARV is lifelong, adherence has become a critical issue as it may reduce over time. Measuring adherence is therefore imperative in programming. There are different methods of measuring adherence with advantages and disadvantages depending on the context and the time. This study therefore compares two adherence measurement scales; Medication Possession Ration (MPR) and self-report adherence in Cameroon.Results The self-report adherence was 82.9% while adherence from the MPR was 73.4%. The two measures were compared using kappa statistics. There was substantial agreement between the two scales of 66% (p=0.54). The results of both self-report adherence and MPR were also compared with viral load suppression and the difference between viral load suppression and MPR was significant (p<0.01). The difference in adherence between viral load suppression and the self-report measure was also shown to be significant (p<0.01).
Association between Medical Resource Allocation and Satisfaction with Services of Public Health Management: Evidence from China
Authors: Qin Shangren , Wang Xiaohe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: People’s satisfaction has been one important indicator to measure the health care quality in health systems. Medial resource allocation issues have also become an important concern affecting the equity and satisfaction of health service. This study aimed to study the factors affecting people's satisfaction with the services of public health management in China. Specifically, we examine the association between medical resource allocation and satisfaction with the services of public health management.Methods: To explore the associations between medical resource allocation and satisfaction with services of public health management in China, we derived data from the 2013 wave of the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). Models were estimated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results: Among factors of evaluation of medical resource allocation, adequacy of medical service resources, market-oriented and insufficiently public of public health services, and convenience of access to public health services were all significantly associated with satisfaction with services of public health management except the balance of medical service resources' distribution. Also, for different service projects and areas, the link between satisfaction with health service and residents’ characteristics also depends on specific service content.Conclusions: There is a link between medical resource allocation and satisfaction with the services of public health management. Medical resource allocation does affect satisfaction with services of public health management. It is necessary to improve the adequacy, publicity of medical services, and convenience of access to public health services in China.
Visceral adiposity index is associated with lung function impairment: A population-based study
Authors: He Sunyue , Yang Jie , Li Xiaoyong , Gu Hongxia , Su Qing , Qin Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The effects of visceral adiposity on decreased lung function have drawn much attention. Recently, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) has been proposed as a visceral fat distribution and dysfunction marker. However, the relationship between the VAI and lung function has not been investigated. The objective of the study was to analyze the association between the VAI and lung function and evaluate the potential of VAI as a predictor of lung function.Methods: We enrolled data from a population-based study of 1786 subjects aged 40 years or older. All subjects completed a questionnaire and underwent anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests. Linear and logistic regression models were developed to assess the association between the VAI and lung function.Results: The VAI was inversely related to FVC%predicted in men and negatively associated with both FVC%predicted and FEV1%predicted in women. In the linear regression analysis, the decrease in FVC%predicted associated with a 1-SD increase in the VAI was 1.776% in men and 3.421% in women; the decrease in FEV1%predicted associated with a 1-SD increase in the VAI was 1.045% in men and 3.060% in women. Further regression analysis revealed that the VAI was positively correlated with FVC and FEV1 impairment in women.Conclusions: We were the first to show a clear correlation between VAI and lung function impairment in the Chinese population. The VAI could be a simple and reliable approach in daily practice, and individuals, especially women with a high VAI, should receive additional screening and preventive interventions for respiratory disease.
Short-Term Interaction between Silent and Devastating Earthquakes in Mexico
Authors: Cruz-Atienza Víctor , Tago Josué , Villafuerte Carlos , Wei Meng , Garza-Girón Ricardo , Dominguez Luis , Kostoglodov Vladimir , Nishimura Takuya , Franco Sara , Real Jorge , Santoyo Miguel , Ito Yoshihiro , Kazachkina Ekaterina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Triggering of large earthquakes on a fault that hosts aseismic slip or, conversely, triggering of slow slip events (SSE) by passing seismic waves involves seismological questions with major hazard implications. Just a few observations plausibly suggest that such interactions actually happen in nature. In this study we show that three recent devastating earthquakes in Mexico are likely related to SSEs, describing a cascade of events interacting with each other on a regional scale via quasi-static and/or dynamic perturbations. Such interaction seems to be conditioned by the transient memory of Earth materials subject to the “traumatic” stressing produced by the seismic waves of the great Mw8.2 Tehuantepec earthquake, which strongly disturbed the aseismic beating over a 650 km long segment of the subduction plate interface. Our results imply that seismic hazard in large populated areas is a short-term evolving function of seismotectonic processes that are often observable.
The influence of medical insurance and social security cards on the floating population's settlement intention
Authors: Li Yulin , Huang Lingling , Xiang Li , dou dongmei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

There are many studies on the influencing factors of floating population's intention to settle down. Medical insurance and social security cards have an important guarantee for the floating population to live a stable life in the current residence, but there are limited studies focused on the influence of medical insurance and social security cards on their settlement intention. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the influence of medical insurance and social security card on the settlement intention of floating population, so as to create better living and working conditions for floating population and improve their happiness in their current place of residence.
Methods

Based on the survey data of China's floating population dynamic monitoring in 2017, we explored the influence of medical insurance (urban employee basic medical insurance) and social security cards on the floating population's settlement intention with binary logistic regression and structural equation model. Additionally, this study was also to examine the comprehensive causal relationship, with social integration as the mediator variable.
Results

The floating population's settlement intention on participating in urban employee basic medical insurance is 23.2 percent higher than those who did not participate. Whether to apply for personal social security cards is related to the settlement intention. The standardized regression coefficients among social insurance and security, social integration, and settlement intention are positive values, and the Z values ​​of the overall effect, indirect effect, and direct effect are all greater than 1.96, and the confidence interval of the indirect effect does not include 0. The article found that this model is a partial intermediary, with an intermediary ratio of 10.66 percent.
Conclusions

The article highlights the important impact of urban workers' medical insurance and individual social security cards on the floating population. The results of this study may provide some reference for the government to formulate relevant policies.
Efficacy of Clinical Palpation to Detect Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Mahdi Ahmad Naeem , Abdulrazaq Saif Saadedeen , Issa Sabah Abdulaziz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Before excision of the primary tumor in oropharyngeal cancer, a decision must be made to treat the cervical lymph nodes (LN) or not. The study aimed to assess the role of clinical palpation (CP) for preoperative detection of LN metastasis. Methods: Twenty patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), managed by excision of the primary tumor and neck dissection. The histopathological examination results compared to the preoperative assessment of the nodes by CP.Results: There were 20 patients involved, 11 males and nine females. The mean age was 54.5 years. Twenty neck dissections performed; there was 14 LN metastasis as proved by histopathological examination. On CP, true positive was 12, false negative was two, true negative was two and false positive was four.Conclusions: Clinical palpation performed preoperatively is highly advised as it has high diagnostic capabilities to reach a decision to do neck dissection or not. Trial registration: not applicable
Correlation Between Glucose Metabolism Parameters Derived From FDG and Tumor TNM Stages and Metastasis-Associated Proteins in Colorectal Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Zhang Mingyu , Yang Jigang , Jiang Hao , Jiang Huijie , Wang Zhenchang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between multiple metabolism parameters derived from FDG and tumor TNM stages as well as tumor metastasis-associated protein of GLUT-1 and MACC1 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Methods 38 patients (24 male and 14 female) with primary CRC confirmed by elective surgery pathological, who also underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scans between 2017 and 2019 were included in this study. Tumor T, N and M classification according to the 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). 18F-FDG parameters of SUVmax，SUVmean, TLG and MTV were measured by drawing a region of interest on the primary lesions. The expression of GLUT-1 and MACC1 was quantified by immunohistochemical and the correlation between metabolism parameters and tumor biomarkers were analyzed. Results According to our analysis, the 18F-FDG parameters of SUVmean was significantly correlated with tumor M status (P=0.000) of primary CRC. The primary tumor lesion with higher SUVmax, TLG and MTV values prone to a high-T status (P=0.002, 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). The high expression of GLUT-1/MACC1 were more frequently involved with T3-4 stage and poorly differentiated in CRC patients. Multivariate analysis found that the expression of GLUT-1 protein was correlated with SUVmax and MTV (R2=0.42, P=0.013 and 0.004, respectively), moreover, the expression of MACC1 protein was correlated with TLG (R2=0.372, P=0.000).Conclusion Glucose metabolism parameters derived from FDG provides a noninvasive assessment of M status and T status in CRC patients. The expression of GLUT-1 and MACC1 was associated with 18F-FDG uptake in CRC patients.
A Case of Postpartum Headache Post Dural Puncture. Post Dural Puncture Headache or Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome - Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome?
Authors: Turetti Melania , Barbagallo Maria , Scoditti Umberto , Genovese Antonio , Angeli Laura , Fieni Stefania , Frusca Tiziana , Bignami Elena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNDReversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome (RCVS) and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) are two rare neurological conditions, clinically characterized of headache. This is sometimes difficult to differentiate from post dural puncture headache (PDPH). In our case a diagnosis of PDPH was made but imaging showed signs of RCVS-PRES. The novelty is that, unlike in cases reported in literature, no liquoral hypotension signs were detected on imaging.CASE PRESENTATIONWe present a case of RCVS-PRES in a postpartum woman that presented headache as first symptom, and only later experienced seizures. Epidural analgesia was performed during labour, and it was complicated by dural puncture that worked as a confounding factor in the clinical postpartum evaluation. Seizures represented an unexpected event in the course of treating this patient for post dural puncture headache.CONCLUSIONSWe point out the attention on changes of clinical characteristics of headache as an important factor to be analyzed, in order to have a prompt diagnosis. Moreover, we evaluate possible triggers of RCVS and PRES; in our case dural puncture is probably not the trigger, in fact there were no liquoral hypotension signs on imaging. According to literature reports, puerperium itself was a promoting factor.
Selecting an anti-malarial clinical candidate from two potent dihydroisoquinolones
Authors: Chen Yizhe , Zhu Fangyi , Hammill Jared , Holbrook Gloria , Yang Lei , Freeman Burgess , White Karen L , Shackleford David L , O’Loughlin Kathleen G , Tang Liang , Charman Susan A , Mirsalis Jon C , Guy R Kiplin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The ongoing global malaria eradication campaign requires development of potent, safe, and cost-effective drugs lacking cross-resistance with existing chemotherapies. One critical step in drug development is selecting a suitable clinical candidate from late leads. Herein we present the process used to select the clinical candidate SJ733 from two potent dihydroisoquinolone (DHIQ) late leads, SJ733 and SJ311, based on their physicochemical, pharmacokinetic (PK), and toxicity profiles.
Methods

The compounds were tested to define their physicochemical properties including kinetic and thermodynamic solubility, partition coefficient, permeability, ionization constant, and binding to plasma and microsomal proteins. Metabolic stability was assessed in both microsomes and hepatocytes derived from mice, rats, dogs, and humans. Cytochrome p450 inhibition were assessed using recombinant human cytochrome enzymes. The pharmacokinetic profiles of single intravenous or oral doses were investigated in mice, rats, and dogs.
Results

Both compounds displayed similar physicochemical properties, but SJ733 was more permeable and metabolically less stable than SJ311 in vitro. Single dose PK studies of SJ733 in mice, rats, and dogs demonstrated appreciable oral bioavailability (60–100%), whereas SJ311 had lower oral bioavailability (mice 23%, rats 40%) and higher renal clearance (10–30 fold in rats and dogs), suggesting less favorable exposure in humans. SJ311 also displayed a narrower range of dose-proportional exposure, with plasma exposure flattening at doses above 200 mg/kg.
Conclusion

SJ733 was chosen as the candidate based on a more favorable dose proportionality of exposure and stronger expectation of the ability to justify a strong therapeutic index to regulators.
Prediction of hospital bed capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Deschepper Mieke , Eeckloo Kristof , Malfait Simon , Benoit Dominique , Callens Steven , Vansteelandt Stijn 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Prediction of the necessary capacity of beds by ward type (e.g. ICU) is essential for planning purposes during epidemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 taskforce within the Ghent University hospital made use of ten-day forecasts on the required number of beds for COVID-19 patients across different wards.Methods: The planning tool combined a Poisson model for the number of newly admitted patients on each day with a multistate model for the transitions of admitted patients to the different wards, discharge or death. These models were used to simulate the required capacity of beds by ward type over the next 10 days, along with worst-case and best-case bounds.Results: Overall, the models resulted in good predictions of the required number of beds across different hospital wards. Short-term predictions were especially accurate as these are less sensitive to a sudden increase or decrease in number of beds on a given ward. Code snippets and details on the set-up are provided to guide the reader to apply the planning tool on one’s own hospital data.Conclusions: We were able to achieve a fast setup of a planning tool useful within the COVID-19 pandemic, with a fair prediction on the needed capacity by ward type. This methodology can also be applied for other epidemics.
Daily Mean Temperature and HFMD: Risk Assessment and Attributable Fraction Identification in Ningbo China
Authors: Zhang Rui , Lin Zhehan , Guo Zhen , Chang Zhaorui , Niu Ran , Wang Yu , Wang Songwang , Li Yonghong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) remains a significant public health issue, especially in developing countries. Many studies have reported the association between environmental temperature and HFMD. However, the results are highly heterogeneous in different regions. In addition, there are few studies on the attributable risk of HFMD.Objectives: The study aimed to assess the association between temperature and HFMD incidence and to evaluate the attributable burden of HFMD in Ningbo China.Methods: The research used daily incidence of HFMD from 2014 to 2017 and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to investigate the effects of daily mean temperature (Tmean) on HFMD incidence from lag 0 to 30 days, after controlling potential confounders. The lag effects and cumulative relative risk (CRR) were analyzed. Attributable fraction (AF) of HFMD incidence due to temperature was calculated. Stratified analysis by age and gender were also conducted.Results: The Significant associations between Tmean and HFMD incidence were observed in Ningbo for lag 0-30. Two peaks were observed at both low (5°C -11°C ) and high (16°C -29°C ) temperature scales. For low temperature scale, the highest CRR was 2.22% (95% CI: 1.61-3.07) at 7°C on lag 0-30. For high temperature scale, the highest CRR was 3.54% (95% CI: 2.58-4.88) at 24°C on lag 0-30. The AF of low and high temperature was 5.23% (95% CI: 3.10-7.14) and 39.55% (95% CI: 30.91-45.51), respectively. There was no significant difference between gender- and age-specific AFs, even though the school-age and female children had slightly higher AF values.Conclusions: The result indicates that both high and low temperatures were associated with daily incidence of HFMD, and more burdens were caused by heat in Ningbo.
Thai Monetary Policy Under the Inflation Targeting Regime
Authors: Wongpunya Nipit 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper explores the macroeconomic effects of inflation targeting in Thailand. Furthermore, this study uses a nonlinear new Keynesian model under the dynamic stochastic general equilibrium framework with price indexation to analyze the monetary policy under inflation targeting in Thailand. The model is estimated using a Bayesian statistic for the Thai economy. It shows that inflation is more stabilized and inflation persistence has fallen after adopting inflation targeting. The paper also indicates that the Bank of Thailand is more responsive to the deviation of inflation from its target using inflation targeting. The key monetary mechanism exists through changes in the real interest rate which affect aggregate demand. It is worth noting that the larger the inflation targeting rate is, the lower the steady state output from its steady state level given no trend inflation.