bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A service evaluation of the dental and oral health of 5-year-old patients attending a specialised cleft centre
Authors: Amin Dipali , Bilimoria Rishana , Vaidyanathan Mina , Bhujel Nabina 
Published: January 2021

Introduction It is well recognised that cleft lip and/or palate carries an increased risk of developing dental caries. This article describes a service evaluation that was undertaken at the South Thames cleft service to analyse whether the five-year-old cohort of patients attending the clinic were following preventative advice as well as whether they were registered with a general dental practitioner and attending for regular recall. Methods A total of 96 patients were assessed. Data from a 24-month period were collected retrospectively using a data collection sheet. Results The vast majority (92%) of the patients included in this service evaluation were registered with a general dentist. Despite this, 40% had a decayed/missing/filled teeth score of >0, only 73% were having fluoride varnish applied regularly and 79% were using toothpaste containing the recommended fluoride content. More than half (57%) of the patients had developmental defects of enamel. Conclusions There needs to be increased emphasis on following national prevention guidelines given that this group of patients is known to be at a higher risk of dental caries. Parents and carers must be made aware of the requirement for shared care between general dental practitioners and secondary care.
The challenge of the implementation and evaluation of hospital-based cancer registry in Indonesia’s national referral hospital
Authors: Gondhowiardjo Soehartati , Ekaputra Ericko , Randi Achmad , Jayalie Vito Filbert 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND To lower the burden caused by cancer, the Ministry of Health of the republic of Indonesia requires valid data collection to plan and evaluate cancer programs. This study aimed to evaluate the challenge of developing a cancer registry (CanReg) in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
METHODS This was an observational study on the implementation of cancer registration from the initial licensing until the creation of valid and accurate data, also the challenges in implementing hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR) in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
RESULTS Cancer registry was developed in 2016 using the 2013 Indonesian version of CanReg5 program called SriKandI. We identified some problems in this registry implementation, such as legal and human resources, medical records, electronic health records, and the CanReg5 program. Moreover, this team processed 886,086 raw patients’ data with fairly good topography and age data completeness.
CONCLUSIONS Several obstacles were encountered upon the establishment of HBCR at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from program to bureaucracy and resources. Nevertheless, CanReg data can be used as a basis for decision making by stakeholders.
A randomized clinical trial of freeze-dried amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival-limbal graft for pterygium excision and evaluation of conjunctival inflammation marker in tears
Authors: Susiyanti Made , Panjaitan Manoa , Wangge Grace , Gondhowiardjo Tjahjono Darminto 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND Minimizing inflammation on the ocular surface after pterygium surgery is essential to prevent recurrence. Currently, limited data are available for the comparison between freeze-dried amniotic membrane (FD-AM) and conjunctival–limbal graft (CLG). Therefore, this study aimed to assess conjunctival inflammation and the interleukin (IL)-6 levels in tears after pterygium excision between both techniques.
METHODS This prospective, single-blinded, randomized clinical trial included 26 eyes of 26 patients with primary or recurrent pterygium and who were indicated for pterygium surgery at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia from October 2017 until February 2018. The patients were scheduled for pterygium excision with FD-AM or CLG based on block randomization. Conjunctival inflammation and the level of IL-6 in tears were measured on day-7 and -28 after surgery.
RESULTS The 26 eyes (13 in each group) were subjected to a complete 1-month follow-up period. Day-7 after the surgery, severe inflammation occurred in 4/13 (31%) eyes having FD-AM and 8/13 eyes (62%) having CLG (p = 0.59). The IL-6 tear level increased similarly in FD-AM (22.85 pg/ml) and CLG (23.51 pg/ml) in (p = 0.78). No severe adverse events occurred.
CONCLUSIONS Pterygium excision using FD-AM yield a milder inflammation than CLG on day-7 and -28 after surgery. The tear IL-6 levels similarly increased on day-7.
Acute and long-term kidney function after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Belli Marcelo , Martin Regina Matsunaga , Brescia Marília D’Elboux Guimarães , Nascimento Climério Pereira , Massoni Neto Ledo Mazzei , Arap Sergio Samir , Ferraz-de-Souza Bruno , Moyses Rosa Maria Affonso , Peacock Munro , Montenegro Fábio Luiz de Menezes 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundIn kidney transplant patients, parathyroidectomy is associated with an acute decrease in renal function. Acute and chronic effects of parathyroidectomy on renal function have not been extensively studied in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 494 patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for PHPT. Acute renal changes were evaluated daily until day 4 post-parathyroidectomy and were stratified according to acute kidney injury (AKI) criteria. Biochemical assessment included serum creatinine, total and ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the CKD-EPI equation. We compared preoperative and postoperative renal function up to 5 years of follow-up.ResultsA total of 391 (79.1%) patients were female, and 422 (85.4%) were non-African American. The median age was 58 years old. The median (first and third quartiles) preoperative serum creatinine, PTH and total calcium levels were 0.81 mg/dL (0.68–1.01), 154.5 pg/mL (106–238.5), and 10.9 mg/dL (10.3–11.5), respectively. The median (first and third quartiles) preoperative eGFR was 86 mL/min/1.73 m2(65–101.3). After surgery, the median acute decrease in the eGFR was 21 mL/min/1.73 m2(p<0.0001). Acutely, 41.1% of patients developed stage 1 AKI, 5.9% developed stage 2 AKI, and 1.8% developed stage 3 AKI. The acute eGFR decrease (%) was correlated with age and PTH, calcium and preoperative creatinine levels in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that the acute change was related to age and preoperative values of ionized calcium, phosphorus and creatinine. The change at 12 months was related to sex, preoperative creatinine and 25OHD. Permanent reduction in the eGFR occurred in 60.7% of patients after an acute episode.ConclusionThere was significant acute impairment in renal function after parathyroidectomy for PHPT, and almost half of the patients met the criteria for AKI. Significant eGFR recovery was observed during the first month after surgery, but a small permanent reduction may occur. Patients treated for PHPT seemed to present with prominent renal dysfunction compared to patients who underwent thyroidectomy.
Prevalence of hypertension and its determinants in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tiruneh Sofonyas Abebaw , Bukayaw Yeaynmarnesh Asmare , Yigizaw Seblewongel Tigabu , Angaw Dessie Abebaw 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
Hypertension is a major public health problem globally and it is a leading cause of death and disability in developing countries. This review aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of hypertension and its determinants in Ethiopia.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted at the electronic databases (PubMed, Hinari, and Google Scholar) to locate potential studies. Heterogeneity between studies checked using Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 test statistics and small study effect were checked using Egger’s statistical test at 5% significance level. Sensitivity analysis was checked. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence of hypertension and its determinants in Ethiopia.

Results
In this review, 38 studies that are conducted in Ethiopia and fulfilled the inclusion criteria with a total number of 51,427 study participants were reviewed. The overall pooled prevalence of hypertension in the country was 21.81% (95% CI: 19.20–24.42, I2 = 98.35%). The result of the review also showed that the point of prevalence was higher among males (23.21%) than females (19.62%). When we see the pervasiveness of hypertension from provincial perspective; the highest prevalence of hypertension was observed in Addis Ababa (25.35%) and the lowest was in Tigray region (15.36%). In meta-regression analysis as the mean age increases by one year, the likelihood of developing hypertension increases by a factor of 0.58 times (β = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.31–0.86, R2 = 36.67). Male sex (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03–1.61, I2 = 81.35%), age > 35 years (OR = 3.59, 95% CI: 2.57–5.02, I2 = 93.48%), overweight and/or obese (OR = 3.34, 95% CI: 2.12–5.26, I2 = 95.41%), khat chewing (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: I2 = 62%), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.21–1.85, I2 = 64%), family history of hypertension (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.64–3.99, I2 = 83.28%), and family history of diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.85–7.59, I2 = 89.9%) are significantly associated with hypertension.

Conclusion
Hypertension is becoming a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Nearly two out of ten individuals who are older than 18 years living with hypertension. Sex, age, overweight and/or obese, khat chewing, alcohol consumption, and family history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus are statistically significant determinant factors for hypertension in Ethiopia. Primary attention should be given for behavioral risk factors to tackle the alarming increase of hypertension in Ethiopia.
LA LEGITTIMITÀ DELL’ADEGUATEZZA DEGLI APPALTI PUBBLICI A NUOVI PARAMETRI DI SOSTENIBILITÀ AMBIENTALE
Authors: Lima Bianchi Patrícia Nunes , Rampazzo Lino 
Published: January 2021

L’obiettivo di questo articolo è dimostrare la legittimità dell’adeguatezza degli appalti della Pubblica Amministrazione ai nuovi parametri di sostenibilità. Lo scopo è quello di evidenziare la natura dello sviluppo sostenibile, sulla base dell’analisi di una sentenza emessa dalla Corte dei Conti dell’Unione. Si conclude, in questo studio, che gli appalti pubblici hanno un ruolo di primo piano nel raggiungimento degli obiettivi costituzionali del benessere e dello sviluppo, fungendo da veicolo per la promozione dello sviluppo sostenibile, attraverso il potere d’acquisto dello stato, che incoraggia comportamenti e modifica abitudini all’interno del mercato. In questo contesto, lo sviluppo non deve essere inteso come una mera crescita economica, ma come un processo continuo per migliorare il benessere della collettività, anche se più costoso dal punto di vista economico, risultando in un’efficace espansione delle libertà e delle capacità umane. Per lo sviluppo di questo studio, si è fatto ricorso al metodo induttivo, con procedimento monografico, attraverso unaricerca bibliografica e documentale.
LIBERDADE (<=S=>) EM DISCRICIONARIEDADE?! RESTRIÇÕES AO DIREITO DE LIBERDADE NO CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO
Authors: Chaves Junior Airto , Aguiar de Pádua Thiago 
Published: January 2021

A pesquisa objetiva verificar se medidas de restrição à liberdadeambulatorial consubstanciadas no lockdown e no fechamento de vias terrestres por parte de governos locais para prevenção do novo coronavírus tem base constitucional.Para tanto, investiga-se a “nova questão constitucional” inserida na Teoria dos Direitos Fundamentais, para que sejam examinados os limites à discricionariedade daqueles que atuam em nome do Estado. Esses limites são analisados a partir do estudo dos cinco passos do teste de proporcionalidade: I. Objetivo legítimo; II. Meio legítimo; III.Adequação; IV. Necessidade; e V) Sopesamento [ou ponderação]. Ao final do estudo, conclui-se que, apesar de aprovada nos passos I e III, essas restrições ao direito à liberdade são reprovadas nas fases II, IV e V, pois desproporcionais. O método de pesquisa será o indutivo, sempre subsidiado pela pesquisa bibliográfica e qualitativa direcionada à consulta pormenorizada de teóricos do Direito Constitucional, bem como da legislação brasileira
ASPECTOS DESTACADOS DA TEORIA DO ESTADO DE HERMANN HELLER
Authors: Pasold Cesar Luiz 
Published: January 2021

A pesquisa, cujos resultados são aqui relatados, possui por Objeto identificar o núcleo da Teoria do Estado concebida por Hermann Heller. E os seus Objetivos, para tanto, são estes: (1) a descrição dos fundamentos e da concepção nuclear da referida Teoria por meio das categorias nucleares do pensamento helleriano, expressoem duas obras de sua autoria; e (2) contribuir para a divulgação deste precioso material da epistemologia estatal de Heller, evidenciando a sua atualidade muito consistente.Para buscar esse desiderato, realizou-se uma Pesquisa Científica, em cuja fase de investigação operou-se com o Método Dedutivo, eis que se partiu da premissa da existência efetiva de uma consistente Teoria de Estado proposta por Heller. Na fase de análise de dados, utilizou-se o Método Analítico. No relatório dos resultados, trabalhase com o Método Indutivo. As Técnicas utilizadas nas fases referidas foram: Técnica do Referente, da Categoria, do Conceito Operacional e da Pesquisa Bibliográfica.
A COISA JULGADA NO ARQUIVAMENTO DE INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE CRIME AMBIENTAL DE COMPETÊNCIA PENAL ORIGINÁRIA DO SUPREMO TRIBUNAL FEDERAL
Authors: Gordilho Heron , Perez Keller Daniel Joau 
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo de revisão bibliográfica analisa a possibilidade dea Procuradoria Geral da República promover o arquivamento de inquérito policial que apura crime ambiental sem a necessidade de submeter ao Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), nas hipóteses em que este tribunal possui competência originária para julgar o fato. O artigo analisa o posicionamento do STF, que tem entendido que, em alguns casos, a decisão judicial que homologa o arquivamento pode fazercoisa julgada material, razão pela qual é obrigatória esta homologação, mesmo não sendo possível aplicar a regra do artigo 28 do Código de Processo Penal.Na conclusão, o artigo reivindica uma corrente conciliadora, que sustenta que sóseria necessário submeter ao STF nas hipóteses de arquivamento originário que constitua coisa julgada material, como nos casos em que ela seja fundamentada em excludente de tipicidade, culpabilidade ou punibilidade, hipóteses em que a PGR estaria obrigada a submeter o arquivamento ao Ministro Relator.
A DESCONSIDERAÇÃO DA PERSONALIDADE JURÍDICA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DA ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA DO DIREITO
Authors: Probst Werner Felipe , Das Neves Gonçalves Everton 
Published: January 2021

O artigo apresenta as Teorias da Desconsideração da PersonalidadeJurídica existentes no Direito Brasileiro. São destacados os principais aspectos e fundamentos da existência da pessoa jurídica e consequente separação de personalidade e patrimônio entre ela e seus sócios. Objetiva apresentaremse as Teorias, maior e menor da Desconsideração da Personalidade Jurídica e demonstrarem-se a proveniência, o modo de aplicação e as consequências econômico-sociais. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, de método dedutivo e com recurso à análise bibliográfica e documental. Nesse sentido, conclui-se, conjugando a Análise Econômica a ambas Teorias; ainda, sugerindo-se alteração legislativa no Código de Defesa do Consumidor com o escopo de diminuir os malefícios produzidos pela Teoria menor da Desconsideração da PersonalidadeJurídica.
EL DERECHO DE CONFRONTACIÓN EN EL SISTEMA PROCESAL PENAL DE EL SALVADOR
Authors: Sandoval Rosales Rommell Ismael 
Published: January 2021

La reforma del proceso penal en El Salvador modificó las reglas probatorias tradicionales heredadas del derecho continental inquisitivo español. Implicó introducir reglas adversativas para la práctica de la prueba testimonial y pericial en el juicio oral adversativo, como el interrogatorio directo y el contrainterrogatorio sugestivo para lograrla efectividad del derecho de confrontación. El artículo tiene por objetivo demostrar la diferencia de la técnica procesal entre un interrogatorio directo y un contrainterrogatorio.Se describen las principales causas o razones para la impugnación de testigos o peritos. A partir del método deductivo, también se describe de forma breve la naturaleza y objetivo de las objeciones en audiencia.
Evolução e Tendências nas Pesquisas em Administração Territorial e Cadastro
Authors: Carneiro Andrea Flávia Tenório , Miranda Camila Ribeiro 
Published: December 2020

Ao longo do tempo, as relações entre pessoas e terra, função primordial do cadastro, passaram a exigir novas demandas, fazendo com que os países estruturassem sistemas de administração territorial de cunho não somente técnico-organizacional, mas também voltados para atender a outras necessidades da sociedade, como a redução da desigualdade social e o monitoramento ambiental. A teoria da moderna administração territorial tem tido a sua importância reconhecida, do ponto de vista do desenvolvimento sócio-econômico-ambiental, porém a sua natureza científica ainda é discutida. Envolvendo aspectos sociais (história, cultura, economia, meio-ambiente) e de sistemas de informação e tecnologia, as pesquisas sobre os temas exigem a compreensão de conceitos que precisam ser consolidados e bem compreendidos. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho teve como objetivo expor e discutir os conceitos essenciais que precisam ser considerados para o desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa nessa área. Também apresenta os questionamentos de pesquisadores sobre o caráter científico da administração territorial, com base nos indicadores utilizados na determinação das áreas de conhecimento científico. Além disso, os resultados de pesquisas sobre metodologias aplicadas em projetos de pesquisa em cadastro e administração territorial, bem como as tendências identificadas nas pesquisas atuais são importantes para a elaboração de futuros projetos. Por fim, com base nesses estudos, foi realizado um levantamento das pesquisas realizadas no Brasil, para apresentação de um panorama geral do que tem sido objeto de produção científica nessa área. Espera-se, assim, que esse trabalho traga contribuições para pesquisas futuras na área da administração territorial.
Compostagem
Authors: Souza Lorena Patrícia Maia de , Souza Thais Gomes , Panatieri Rodrigo Barroso , Kikuti Elaine 
Published: December 2020

A crescente produção de resíduos urbanos e a escassez de áreas para a destinação final tecnicamente adequada sugere a procura por novas alternativas de disposição final destes detritos. Para tanto a compostagem de resíduos orgânicos vem sendo utilizada como alternativa de reutilização da matéria orgânica, o qual é um dos métodos mais antigos de reciclagem, durante o qual o resíduo é transformado em fertilizante orgânico. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a viabilidade da compostagem doméstica de resíduos sólidos orgânicos domiciliares e escolares no município de Ituiutaba - MG. Para o processo de compostagem, empregou-se uma composteira de caixote de plástico no intuito de utilizar materiais de fácil acesso a toda comunidade. O período de compostagem foi de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2014, na Escola Estadual Antônio Souza Martins, em Ituiutaba, MG. Ao fim do período concluiu-se que o processo de compostagem em pequena escala pode ser realizado em ambientes urbanos, , podendo ser utilizado como instrumento de educação ambiental.
Russia’s Exogenous Factor in the Donbass Conflict
Authors: Ryabinin Yevgeny 
Published: December 2020

The hypothesis of this research is that Russia has been imposing its influence on Ukraine since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Before the political and military crisis in 2013, it was an indirect influence, whereas since 2014 it has been a direct impact in many spheres.
It is necessary to underline that Ukraine has always been split into two parts in terms of foreign policy priorities, language, religion, and culture. This fact was mentioned by Samuel Huntington, who predicted an intense crisis in bilateral relations between Russia and Ukraine in his work Clash of Civilizations. There were two parties in Ukraine that were widely supported in South-Eastern Ukraine, namely the Party of Regions and the Communist Party. The former never spoke about the integration of Ukraine as part of Russian integrational projects because its politicians were afraid of aggressive Russian capital. So they only used pro-Russian rhetoric to win elections. The Communist Party openly backed integration with Russia, but didn’t get enough support as for this idea. It is also demonstrated that there were no parties that were backed financially by Russia, because the parties that offered a kind of a union with Russia never got any seats in the parliament.
Since 2014, Russia has been imposing its influence on Ukraine in various spheres, such as economics, politics, diplomacy, the military sphere, etc. Having signed two cease-fire agreements, Russia and Ukraine have failed to apply them and the crisis continues to this day.
A SOX5 gene variant as a possible contributor to short stature
Authors: Gkirgkinoudis Athanasios , Tatsi Christina , DeWard Stephanie J , Friedman Bethany , Faucz Fabio R , Stratakis Constantine A 
Published: January 2021

Summary
SOX5 plays an important role in chondrogenesis and chondrocyte differentiation. SOX5 defects in humans (often deletions) result in a Lamb-Shaffer syndrome (LSS), presenting with speech delay, behavioral problems and minor dysmorphic features. We present a patient with idiopathic short stature (ISS) who carried a heterozygous novel variant in SOX5. The patient had no dysmorphic features, but a skeletal survey revealed minor skeletal abnormalities. Laboratory and endocrine evaluation for known causes of growth disorders was negative. The missense variant in SOX5 gene (c.1783A>G, p.K595E) was de novo and was predicted to be deleterious by in silico programs. In summary, we present a patient whose presentation may provide evidence that gene defects in SOX5 may contribute to the etiology of short stature and/or mild skeletal defects beyond LSS.

Learning points:

We report a girl with idiopathic short stature and mild skeletal defects presenting with a de novo variant in SOX5 gene, predicted in silico to be deleterious.

Although SOX5 has not been previously specifically associated with short stature, several evidences support its contributing effect on dyschondrogenesis.

Missense variants in SOX5 gene may lead to mild phenotypes, differing from typical presentation of patients with Lamb-Shaffer syndrome.
The Phenomenon of Electroohmic Transformation
Authors: Derevianchuk M.Y. , Аshcheulov A.A. , Lavreniuk D.A. 
Published: December 2020

Peculiarities of electric current distribution in an anisotropic electrically conductive medium are considered and dependences of its longitudinal and transverse components on geometrical factors are established. In the case of a rectangular plate of length a, height b, and width c, the selected crystallographic axes are located in the plane of the side face (a × b), and one of these axes is oriented at an angle α to the edge α. Application to the upper and lower end faces of the plate of some potential difference leads to the appearance of longitudinal and transverse components of the flowing electric current. This leads to the possibility of transforming the electric current magnitude. The methods of optimizing the transformation coefficient magnitude which is determined by both the magnitude of the anisotropy of the electrical conductivity of the plate material and the coefficient of its shape k = a/b. The design variants of anisotropic electrically conductive transformers are proposed. The use of this transformation effect makes it possible to expand the practical use of electroohmic phenomena. This principle of transformation will expand the areas of its use in metrology and measurement technology.