bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Technologies for Sustainable Development Goal 7
Authors: Timilsina Govinda , Shah Kalim U. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Since billions of people from the developing world do not have access to electricity and fuels for cooking, the United Nations specified universal access to modern energy as the seventh sustainable development goal (or SDG7): “ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.” Rapid development and deployment of technologies that supply clean and affordable energy services are critical to achieve this goal. This chapter discusses key technologies required to achieve the SDG7, challenges associated with the expanded deployment of these technologies, and policies to address the challenges. It starts with a survey of technology trends and advances across solar, wind, geothermal and off-grid systems that can have an impact on achievement of SDG7. Then the many challenges and barriers to modernizing traditional energy sources are discussed. Lastly, approaches to leveraging both supply side and demand side technologies and expand technology deployment are suggested. The pace of technology advancement and delivery needed to meet SDG7 requires strategic policy support and, in some cases in the developing world, political will and institutions able to take decisive, sustained actions.
The Systems Science of Industrial Ecology
Authors: Chertow Marian R. , Kanaoka Koichi S. , Miller T. Reed , Berrill Peter , Wolfram Paul , Heeren Niko , Fishman Tomer 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores how the interdisciplinary field of industrial ecology, a blend of environmental science, social science, engineering, and management, can help deliver sustainable development goals (SDGs). As a systems science, industrial ecology provides a source of knowledge that can guide sustainable manufacturing, waste and pollution reduction, and offer a framework for extending the life of physical goods in a circular economy. The chapter focuses on four industrial ecology approaches: material stock and flow analysis, life-cycle assessment, input-output analysis, and industrial symbiosis, offering descriptions and case examples that relate to specific SDGs and targets. Although these approaches are relevant to a broad range of SDG targets, the authors focus on those pertaining to responsible and efficient use of water and energy (SDG6 and target 7.3), economic growth (SDG8), reducing inequalities (SDG10), transportation (target 11.2), production and consumption systems (SDG12 and targets 2.4 and 9.4), and climate action (SDG13). Industrial ecology approaches are also beneficial to rapidly industrializing countries, where improvements in economic performance and the environment must be carefully balanced. Finally, by tracking flows of material and energy, industrial ecology promotes resource efficiency and provides a strong basis for making sustainable production and consumption decisions.
The Role of Technology and Rebound Effects in the Success of the Sustainable Development Goals Framework
Authors: Font Vivanco David , Makov Tamar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The sustainable development goal (SDG) framework lacks a systems approach and addresses specific goals as separate elements, typically in isolation from each other. In doing so, the framework overlooks the fact that many of the goals are inherently linked such that progress toward one goal could either hinder or reinforce progress toward other goals. While linkages are especially common in goals that rely on technological change, the role of technology in mediating SDG linkages remains relatively unexplored. In particular, behavioral or systemic responses that counteract environmental gains from technological change, commonly referred to as rebound effects, could mediate linkages between SDGs and diminish the overall efficacy of SDG strategies. To illustrate the potential of using rebound effects to expose hidden SDG barriers, this chapter first maps the technology-reliance of SDGs and their interlinkages. The authors then focus on three goals that are both technology-intensive and highly interlinked—SDG6 (clean water and sanitation), SDG7 (affordable and clean energy), and SDG12 (responsible consumption and production)—and explore potential implications related to rebound effects. The chapter shows that rebound research offers a rich array of theories, tools, and methods, and provides a useful framework to identify and characterize conflicting and reinforcing SDG linkages, specify their underlining mechanisms, and assess the nature and magnitude of their impacts. The application of rebound theories and methods could therefore help investigate the consistency of the SDG framework as a whole, and identify appropriate management strategies to mitigate undesired effects and potential environmental-economic-social trade-offs.
Vaccine Innovation and Global Sustainability
Authors: Possas Cristina , Martins Reinaldo M. , Homma Akira 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Innovative preventive vaccines against emerging and neglected infectious diseases, such as Zika, dengue, influenza, and HIV/AIDS, are examined from a global sustainability perspective in this chapter, aiming to integrate public health and innovation governance approaches. Innovation-intensive vaccines with reduced adverse effects can have an enormous impact on life expectancy and on the quality of life of the global population, but in contrast only one of the SDGs, SDG3, refers directly to vaccines (3.b.1). However, this chapter also identifies seven other SDGs strongly related to vaccines and six additional SDGs related to vaccines, leading to a total of 14 vaccine-related goals in 17 SDGs. Two of these goals are related to innovation and technological development of vaccines (SDG9 and SDG17). The authors examine vaccine performance indicators and current technological and regulatory obstacles to achieve these goals, particularly affecting developing countries, and propose STI governance strategies to overcome these gaps and increase access to vaccines. Policy recommendations for vaccine funding and incentives for innovation, development, and vaccine production are made. Recommendations are also given for specific vaccine STI performance indicators and strategies to achieve the 14 vaccine-related SDGs.
Optimal Nitrogen Management for Meeting Sustainable Development Goal 2
Authors: Harpankar Kshama 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Sustainable development goal 2 aims to “end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.” SDG2 is one of the most challenging goals to achieve, as it needs to be achieved within the constraints of the multiple demands agriculture faces. The goal of this chapter is to discuss the roles that science, technology, and innovation (STI) can play in optimal nitrogen management as a way to meet sustainable development goal 2. Optimal nitrogen management will enhance food security by improving yields, and it will promote sustainable agriculture by limiting environmental externalities associated with nitrogen. Specifically, this chapter aims to address the following two questions: 1) How can new technologies help boost agricultural productivity while also reducing nitrogen pollution? And, 2) What policy and institutional changes will be needed to encourage innovation and diffusion of these technologies in developing countries? The authors present STI possibilities for improved nitrogen management in the following categories: new types of nitrogen fertilizers, integrated soil and fertility management technologies, precision agriculture technologies, technologies aiding biological nitrogen fixation, and biotechnology solutions. The chapter ends with a discussion of institutional and policy changes needed for widespread adoption of the technology options among resource-poor smallholder farmers.
Doing Justice Better
Authors: Tonry Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The main ideas in this book are simple. Treat people charged with and convicted of crimes justly, fairly, and even-handedly, as anyone would want done for themselves or their children. Take sympathetic account of the circumstances of peoples’ lives. Punish no one more severely than he or she deserves. Those propositions are implicit in the rule of law and its requirement that the human dignity of every person be respected. Three major structural changes are needed. First, selection of judges and prosecutors, and their day-to-day work, must be insulated from political influence. Second, mandatory minimum sentence, three-strikes, life without parole, truth in sentencing, and similar laws must be repealed. Third, correctional and prosecution systems must be centralized in unified state agencies.
The Western Imperial Church and Beyond (312–500)
Authors: Kling David W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter opens with an analysis of the revised meaning of conversion as Christianity transitioned from a “cult” (out-group) to a “church” (in-group) now favored by Christian emperors. Following Constantine’s ascent to power, Christian leaders complained of hasty, superficial, and opportunistic conversions. Indeed, in many areas, very little separated Christians from their pagan counterparts. The issue became not merely a “culture war” between paganism and Christianity but a conflict among Christians over what constituted a “true” convert. Changed social conditions favorable to Christianity contributed to the distinctions between the nominal catechumen, the baptized faithful, and the ascetic virtuoso. These distinctions are illustrated by the extravagant conversionary baptismal rituals in Cyril’s Jerusalem church, the ascetic conversion of Pelagia, and the paradigmatic conversion of Augustine. The chapter concludes with a discussion of conversion in regions beyond the Roman Empire—Edessa, Armenia, and Georgia.
The East African Revival (1930–2000)
Authors: Kling David W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The focus of this chapter is on the East African Revival, one of the most powerful and enduring African conversionary movements of the twentieth century. From the mid-1940s through the late 1970s, the revival expanded well beyond East Africa as teams of missionaries and African leaders carried the message to an international audience, from Brazil to the Far East. The revival represented a recovery of the indigenous structure of the Church. As the revival spread under African impetus and leadership, it creatively melded with African tradition. Under lay, independent initiative within the mission churches, the Balokole (“saved ones”) formed communities of prayer and fellowship that emphasized repentance, public confession, testimony, and restitution. The revival broke down tribal and political barriers and provided new opportunities for women. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the revival in relation to the 1994 genocide in Rwanda.
A Review of the Literature
Authors: Gibson Rachel K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter reviews the growing body of literature that has emerged on the subject of digital campaigns since they first emerged as a web- and email-based activity in the mid-1990s. It does so chronologically and shows how, when viewed in the aggregate and from a historical perspective, these studies form a narrative that maps onto the four distinct phases of development outlined in Chapter 1. Thus, early studies largely describe a period of experimentation in most countries, while subsequent work in the late 1990s and the first decade of the 2000s reveals a shift toward standardization in practice across parties and countries. Analyses from the middle of the first decade of the twenty-first century focus largely on online political community-building efforts by web campaigns, while the most recent work examines how digital tools are increasingly being used to intensify micro-targeting of voters
The Slow Burner
Authors: Gibson Rachel K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines developments in digital campaigning in the United Kingdom from 1994 to 2015. It does so by reviewing the findings from the secondary literature, and conducting original analysis of web content and national survey data. These data sources build a picture of key changes in the supply and demand for digital campaigning in the United Kingdom, and particularly whether they fit the four-phase model of development. The results show that UK digital campaigning has followed the anticipated cycle in a largely steady and incremental manner. An early phase of experimentation and standardization yielded to more strategic attempts at community building by 2010, and the 2015 election saw signs of entry into phase IV. At the party level, the Conservatives emerge as most aggressive in pushing the new forms of individual online targeting, while Labour and the smaller parties concentrate more on organic phase III–style indirect mobilization.
The Late Bloomer
Authors: Gibson Rachel K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines developments in digital campaigning in France during the period 1994–2012. It does so by reviewing the findings from the secondary literature, and conducting original analysis of web content and national survey data. These data sources build a picture of key changes in the supply and demand for digital campaigning in France, and particularly whether they fit the four-phase model of development. The results show that French parties and voters were slower than their UK and Australian counterparts in engaging with web campaigning. The inertia was due in part to the presence of the rival digital infrastructure Minitel and extensive regulations governing campaign communication in France. The direct importation of US expertise from the Obama 2008 campaign saw a rapid acceleration of party usage, with the Socialists proving the most enthusiastic adopters. The response of voters, however, still proved less enthusiastic than for the other cases studied.
Tilling the Soil of an Uneven Landscape
Authors: Hiskey Jonathan T. , Moseley Mason W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter offers an evaluation of a central proposition of the study—that citizens living in dominant-party enclaves will be more exposed to and familiar with such political machine tactics as clientelism and corruption than those citizens living in multiparty systems. The empirical analysis offers robust support for the idea that while no political system is immune to dirty politics, individuals living in dominant-party enclaves are far more likely to have direct experience with corrupt public officials and efforts to buy their votes than their counterparts in multiparty provinces. The chapter concludes with an analysis of citizens’ perceptions of corruption and government efforts to combat it. We find that those victims of corruption in dominant-party enclaves are less inclined to view corruption as a problem than their multiparty neighbors. For the former group of citizens, the dirty politics of political machines appears to be viewed as business as usual.
Contexts of Exit and Reception
Authors: Burgess Katrina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChapter 3 lays the groundwork for the comparative analysis by describing the specific contexts of exit and reception for migrants from Turkey, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, and the Philippines. For contexts of exit, it pays particular attention to how political regimes and economic development policies have contributed to migration since each country’s first migratory wave. For contexts of reception, it identifies the relevant host countries for each case and then shows how their immigration laws, labor markets, and public opinion have affected the composition and experiences of migrants living within their borders. The chapter concludes with a picture of the legal, socioeconomic, and geographical profiles of migrants from each of the four countries.
Mobilizing Diaspora in Turkey and the Dominican Republic
Authors: Burgess Katrina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChapter 5 compares the cases of Turkey and the Dominican Republic, both of which have above-average turnout in homeland elections by their citizens abroad. In each case, the prior “export” of domestic politics under authoritarian rule sparked the transnationalization of political parties and created incentives for political leaders to court migrants as an electoral constituency. As a result, diaspora-making became a mobilizing project aimed at cultivating partisan loyalties. The chapter also reveals two key differences between these cases. First, the Turkish state has pursued more heterogenous goals with a wider range of policy instruments, including both state-based and party-based mechanisms of outreach. Second, Turkey’s contested identity politics lend more resonance to nationalist appeals to migrant loyalty while sparking counter-narratives. These differences help explain why extraterritorial turnout is so much higher in Turkey than in the Dominican Republic.
From the Neoclassical Turn to the Baroque Return
Authors: Franko Mark 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This chapter begins with an overview of Lifar’s postwar career at the Paris Opera. It then traces the development in the postwar era of a French notion of the baroque that had remained unacknowledged under interwar neoclassicism. This chapter tracks the gradual emergence of the French baroque as an idea from the early 1950s through the 1980s when it exerted a decisive impact on choreographic culture in France, as well as elsewhere in Europe and in the United States. I view the baroque in the postwar period not as a cyclical or structural response to interwar neoclassicism but as a historic reaction in historical terms. This trend is investigated in literature and literary criticism, philosophy, and dance. Baroquism is understood as a historically conjunctural concept related to articulation and theatricality. The chapter concludes with a discussion of Francine Lancelot’s company Ris et Danceries in the 1980s and the emergence of the baroque as a choreographic paradigm of postmodernity.
Music Learning Today
Authors: Bauer William I. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Grounded in a research-based, conceptual model called Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK), the essential premise of Music Learning Today: Digital Pedagogy for Creating, Performing, and Responding to Music is that music educators and their students can benefit through use of technology as a tool to support learning in the three musical processes—creating, performing, and responding to music. Insights on how technology can be used to advantage in both traditional and emerging learning environments are provided, and research-based pedagogical approaches that align technologies with specific curricular outcomes are described. Importantly, the book advocates that the decision on whether or not to utilize technology for learning, and the specific technology that might be best suited for a particular learning context, should begin with a consideration of curricular outcomes (music subject matter). This is in sharp contrast to most other books on music technology that are technocentric, organized around specific software applications and hardware. The book also recognizes that knowing how to effectively use the technological tools to maximize learning (pedagogy) is a crucial aspect of the teaching-learning process. Drawing on the research and promising practices literature in music education and related fields, pedagogical approaches that are aligned with curricular outcomes and specific technologies are suggested. It is not a “how to” book per se, but rather a text informed by the latest research, theories of learning, and documented best practices, with the goal of helping teachers develop the ability to understand the dynamics of effectively using technology for music learning.
Performing Music
Authors: Bauer William I. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Grounded in the research and promising practices literature, Chapter 4 discusses concepts and skills, pedagogies, and technology related to musical performance. Technologies may be of assistance in developing psychomotor knowledge and skills, and in accomplishing effective musical practice. Models of exemplary performances and performers, along with feedback on performance may also be augmented through technology. The aural and visual skills necessary to read and write music with fluency, and the identification and selection of musical literature can be enhanced via technology. Technology can assist with traditional ensemble rehearsals and new technologies are creating new performance opportunities, even for people without a formal musical background. Technology facilitated learning in music performance classrooms has the potential to benefit both teachers and their students, and to allow more individuals to experience the joy and benefits of active musical participation through performance.
“The humble Baptists”
Authors: Smith Eric C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, Baptists in middle colonies like Pennsylvania competed against a staggering variety of religious denominations and sects. Essential for establishing and maintaining their denomination in this context was the founding of the Philadelphia Baptist Association in 1707, the first Baptist institutional structure in America. In addition to tracing his family lineage, this chapter explores the early influences of the Philadelphia Baptist Association on Oliver Hart, along with the Baptist rituals and doctrines he absorbed in the Pennepek Baptist Church. Hart’s exposure to Quaker and Keithian antislavery sentiments in Pennsylvania is also considered.
“A regular Confederation”
Authors: Smith Eric C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The eighteenth century was an era of religious institution-building, and no figure was more important for the birth of Baptist denominationalism in the South than Oliver Hart. In 1751 Hart drew together the Particular Baptist churches of South Carolina to form the Charleston Association, the second Baptist association in America. Successfully transplanting ideas and models he had witnessed in the Philadelphia Association, Hart led the South’s Baptists to form a minister’s education fund, send missionaries to the western frontier, and formalize the doctrines and church practices that would define the Baptist South for the next 150 years.
“Every day brings fresh wonders!”
Authors: Smith Eric C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In 1754 Oliver Hart led a revival among the youth of the Charleston Baptist Church which mirrored the awakenings that had been taking place throughout the colonies since the 1730s. Hart kept a careful record of the revival in his personal diary after the pattern of George Whitefield’s Journals, documenting his own revivalist practices, such as preaching in private homes and counseling those who had fallen into sin. The 1754 Charleston revival involved a number of dramatic conversion experiences and exhibited some of the egalitarian tendencies of the Great Awakening, including Hart’s encouragement of public testimony and exhortation of a enslaved black woman to a group of white girls. This revival is also noteworthy for the conversion of Samuel Stillman, who would go on to become the influential pastor of the First Baptist Church of Boston at the time of the American Revolution. The 1754 Charleston revival shows Hart attempting to walk the line of discerning, moderate revivalism in the context of a dynamic awakening. It also demonstrates that a robust revivalism existed among the Regular Baptists of the South before the more famous Separate Baptists arrived in 1755.