bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of oxidative and consequential reductive annealing on the photoluminescence intensity, decay time and morphology of ZnO single-crystal faces
Authors: John D , Remeš Z , Novák R , Remeš Š , Volf J , Babčenko O , Ukraintsev E , Rezek B , Buryi M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Zinc oxide exhibits high electron mobility, wide 3.3eV band gap, ability to sustain large electric fields, relatively low electronic noise, and strong luminescence. These properties make ZnO invaluable for a broad range of applications. To optimize them, it is important to study the influence of annealing on ZnO properties under various conditions. In this work we compare the infrared Raman (IR Raman, 1064 nm laser excitation, 70-3500 cm1 spectral range, 1cm1 spectral resolution) and photoluminescence (PL, 360 nm UV LED excitation, 375-700 nm spectral range, 1 ns time resolution) optical spectra of as the received and annealed ZnO single crystals. The annealing has been done in oxidizing (air) and reducing (hydrogen) atmosphere at 350, 500 and 700°C. The Raman spectra consist of two characteristic peaks at 99 and 438 cm-1 associated with the sublattice oscillations of Zn and O, respectively, and a broad PL band in the visible spectrum with mean time decay about 10 microseconds. The optical measurements are correlated with the topographical information obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The result shows the ZnO single crystals can be enhanced in terms of PL intensity, decay time and optical scattering by annealing in the oxidizing and consequential reducing atmosphere. The trends are more profoundly on the O-face. Both treatments lead to greater surface roughness, particularly in the case of hydrogen atmospheres, but without any observable change in the IR Raman spectra.
Modelling and numerical simulation of temperature fields during WAAM production of an aluminum part
Authors: Behúlová M , Babalová E , Sahul Miroslav , Sahul Martin , Pavlík M , Němec T 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a notably promising direct energy deposition (DED) technology for the production of large scale metallic components of various shapes without the need for complex tooling, moulds, or dies. The main advantages of this technology include high material efficiency, lead time reductions, a high deposition rate, and low production costs. WAAM offers numerous benefits for a wide range of metallic materials, like aluminum, copper, and magnesium, and their alloys. The paper investigates the thermal cycles and temperature fields that develop during the additive manufacturing of an AA5087 aluminum alloy part using Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) with varying deposition parameters. Thermal cycles were experimentally measured using an Ahlborn Almemo 56902 measuring station equipped with K-type thermocouples. A simulation model of the deposition process was developed to study the effect of travel speed on temperature distribution and the peak temperatures during deposition of individual layers. Comparison of results obtained from numerical simulations using ANSYS software exhibited very good agreement with measured temperatures, with relative errors below 10 %.
Improving the efficiency of crystal growth process control by HDC method
Authors: Kajan J , Damazyan G , Tinkova V , Gregor T , Medvecký Š , Chaika M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In order to determine the stability of crystallization conditions, four experimental processes of sapphire crystal growth by the horizontal directional crystallization (HDC) method were carried out. The heater power was regulated based on real-time crystal-melt boundary position data obtained using video monitoring, which provided a stable crystal growth rate. The obtained curves of the dependence of the heater power on the length of the growing crystal indicate the similarity of physical phenomena regardless of the degree of melting of the seed crystal, the length of the container, and the effectiveness of thermal shielding. The analysis of the heat flow balance revealed that heat transfer from the heater is dependent on the melt surface area.
Comparison of optical measurement methods utilization for complex high feed tool geometry
Authors: Vozár M , Hrbál J , Straka R , Milde J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
High Feed Machining (HFM) is an advanced machining technique that offers the potential for up to three times faster machining speeds compared to conventional methods. The geometric characteristics of HFM cutting tools differ significantly from those used in traditional machining, posing challenges when it comes to their precise measurement. Cemented carbide solid high feed mills feature specialized end profiles that enable the utilization of chip thinning mechanisms to achieve substantially increased feed rates. Grinding is a widely adopted manufacturing process for production of carbide tools. The tool’s geometry is attained through the coordinated movement of the grinding wheel and the workpiece while employing a cooling medium. The precision of the resulting cutting tool geometry directly impacts the machining process. In the context of the experiment, five HFM tools were manufactured. The primary focus was to assess the geometry of these tools using two distinct measurement methods: a dedicated optical measuring machine designed for cutting tools and a 3D optical scanner. The results from each measurement method were subsequently compared and evaluated using the GOM Inspect software. Based on the analysis of measured data, it’s possible to confidently determine that optical scanning represents a reliable and effective method for quality control of the macrogeometry of cutting tools.
Eco-friendly Weather Monitoring Device using Arduino Mega and Sensor Integration
Authors: Akinwumi S. A. , Okey-Amadi O. , Ayara W. A. , Akinwumi O. A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The project involved the construction of a hardware setup, utilizing the Arduino Mega as the central control unit. The BME280 sensor was employed to monitor temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, providing comprehensive weather data. The SGP30 sensor was utilized for analyzing air quality, detecting various pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. The MQ135 gas sensor enabled the detection of harmful gases, including ammonia, nitrogen dioxide and benzene. The integration of a 16x4 LCD display allowed for real-time visualization of the collected weather data, providing users with immediate insights. Tactile switches, along with 10k ohm resistors, were used for user interaction, enabling menu navigation and system control. The DS1302 RTC module facilitated accurate timestamping of data readings, while the SD card module enabled data logging for long-term analysis and storage. The successful construction of the Weather Monitoring System demonstrated its capabilities in terms of accuracy, reliability, and real-time monitoring. The integration of Arduino Mega, along with the BME280, SGP30, MQ135, LCD display, push buttons, 10kohm resistors, DS1302 RTC module, and SD card module, provided a comprehensive solution for weather data collection, analysis, and visualization. This project contributes to the advancement of weather monitoring systems, emphasizing the importance of Arduino-based solutions and sensor integration. It highlights the potential for utilizing such technology to address weather challenges effectively, enabling data-driven decision-making and fostering weather awareness. Overall, the Weather Monitoring System presented in this project report offers a valuable tool for monitoring and analyzing atmospheric conditions, paving the way for future enhancements and applications in various weather monitoring domains.
Corrigendum: 1D and 2D porous media fixed bed reactor simulations with DUO: Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) validation test (2024 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater Sci Eng. Vol 1312 012004)
Authors: Daymo E. , Tonkovich A. , Hettel M. , Shirsath A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Please see Article PDF for corrigendum text.
Embodiment, Socially Intelligent Behaviour and Proactive Robots
Authors: Sirithunge Chapa , Lalitharatne Thilina Dulantha , Iida Fumiya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
There is growing consensus among robotics experts that integrating concepts from social intelligence and embodiment can significantly enhance robot design. Humans have evolved to perform and survive in a world characterised by rapid change, high uncertainty, indefinite intricacy, and limited availability of information. By contrast, robots operate in highly controlled environments with limited uncertainty. Although many challenges remain, concepts from social intelligence and embodiment will eventually enable researchers to engineer proactive robots for the real world that possess at least some of the desirable properties of humans, such as adaptivity, predictability, dexterity, and creativity in versatile domains where behaviour must not only be intelligent but also socially acceptable. This article aims to explore the multifaceted role of embodiment in enhancing the proactive capabilities of robots in this context.
An Information-Theoretic Perspective on Acting Agents
Authors: Langer Carlotta , Ay Nihat 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Every embodied intelligent agent constantly interacts in its own way with its environment. It perceives information about the world, processes this information in its controller, e.g. its brain, and sends signals to the body, which then interacts with its surroundings. Here we give a thorough introduction to an information-theoretic approach that aims at quantifying these information flows among an agent’s body, brain and environment. Thereby we measure how much an information flow impacts the behavior of an agent. For instance, we might ask the question whether the brain is essential for a certain behavior or whether it is a reflexive stimuli response. In order to measure these interactions we model the system using the sensorimotor loop and assess the different information flows by information-theoretic measures. This includes measures related to Morphological Computation and the complexity of the controller. Morphological Computation describes the reduction of computational cost for the controller that results from the interaction with the environment. We include results from an implementation of this framework with simplistic simulated robots. Experiments with these robots show, for instance, that an agent with a well-adapted body does not rely as much on its controller. Furthermore, learning a new task requires an increased information integration in the controller.
MoS2 micro/nano structure: preparation and tribological properties as additives in biodegradable polymer and ester oil
Authors: Wang Kun , Xu Yong , Zhong Hua , Hu Enzhu , Hu Kunhong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The needs of modern industry for high-performance lubricants remain difficult to meet. Therefore, finding ways to improve their lubrication performance is crucial. A novel composite consisting of two different structures of the same compound was synthesized for improving tribological properties. Flake-like micron MoS2 (M-MoS2) with a size of approximately 10 μm was activated via oxidation, ultrasonication, and grinding. The desired MoS2 micro/nano structure (MN-MoS2) was prepared through the chemical deposition of hollow spherical nano-MoS2 with a diameter of approximately 75 nm on the activated M-MoS2. MN-MoS2 combined the advantages of the micron and nano structures and possessed excellent tribological properties in both a solid lubricating system of polylactic acid (PLA) and a liquid lubricating system of diisooctyl sebacate (DIOS). In PLA, the addition of 0.1% MN-MoS2 reduced the wear rate by 59.7%, but slightly increased the coefficient of friction (COF) by 3.1%. When the addition amount was increased to 0.5% in PLA, MN-MoS2 can decrease the COF by 11.75%. In DIOS, the addition of 0.5% MN-MoS2 reduced the wear rate by 58.9% and the COF by 37.2%. The lubrication mechanisms of the MN-MoS2-modified PLA were the formation of a MoS2/PLA transfer layer on the counterpart surface and the improvement in the thermal stability and hardness of PLA. However, the lubrication mechanism of the MN-MoS2-modified DIOS was mainly the formation of a stable friction film containing MoS2 on the friction surface. These findings provide a way to improve the performance of lubricant additives and demonstrate potential application value.
Geomechanical study of the Bi-stabilization of clay with sugarcane molasses and coconut fiber for sustainable construction
Authors: Ouédraogo Boukaré , Tougri Inoussa , Guengané Hassime , Palm Kalifa , Bathiebo Dieudonné Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study examines the effectiveness of the bi-stabilization of clay soils using cane molasses and coconut fiber, focusing on improving the geotechnical and mechanical properties of clay. The performance of the two stabilizers, both individually and in combination for bistabilization, was assessed. The geotechnical properties were determined through sieve analysis, Proctor tests, and Atterberg limit methods, while the mechanical properties were measured using a hydraulic press. The results showed that cane molasses reduced plasticity, enhanced soil cohesion, and increased dry density with molasses content. The Atterberg limits (liquid limit, plastic limit, and consistency index) were maximized at a 4% molasses content, with respective increases of 9.28%, 44.80%, and 37.9% compared to clay without molasses (CB). Coconut fiber improved the flexural strength by 361.9% for CF1, whereas molasses improved the compressive strength by 12.24% compared to plain clay. Bi-stabilization allowed for a maximum improvement in flexural strength of 509.52% compared to CB, 49.42% compared to molasses-stabilized clay bricks (CSM), and 31.96% compared to clay composites with coconut fiber (CF). The compressive strength improved by 22.54% compared with CB, 9.21% compared with CSM8, and 14.94% compared with CF½. In summary, bi-stabilization with sugarcane molasses and coconut fiber provided enhanced performance compared with their individual use.
Prevalence of suspected anemia in Japanese young children determined using noninvasive hemoglobin measurements: an observational study
Authors: Nakamura Yoshitaka , Igawa Megumu , Jinno Shinji , Mitsuhashi Fusako , Tsutsumi Chiharu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recently, noninvasive spot hemoglobin measurement (SpHb) using Pulse CO-Oximeter Rad-67™ Spot-check (Rad-67) has been validated, although anemia diagnosis typically relies on blood hemoglobin concentration measurement. In this large-scale survey of Japanese children aged 1-5 years, we evaluated SpHb distribution to understand the prevalence of suspected anemia, and further examined the relationship between SpHb and background factors. Children were recruited from large retail stores in Japan between November 2022 and August 2023. SpHb was measured by nutritionists or registered dietitians using Rad-67. Four thousand one hundred thirty-three participants were included and stratified by age and sex. The prevalence of children below the World Health Organization threshold value for anemia was found to be 5.2% in total (ranging between 2.6% and 7.8% in subgroups). Mean SpHb values increased with age, and were higher in boys. Age and sex were independently related to SpHb. Overall, this study shows that approximately 3%-8% of young children in Japan are suspected to be anemic.
Clinical features of taste disorders in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: a report of 10 cases
Authors: Nin Tomomi , Kamikozuru Koji , Takagawa Tetsuya , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Tsuzuki Kenzo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a very rare gastrointestinal disorder with ectodermal abnormalities. Taste abnormalities appear in more than 80% of cases. Our objective was to investigate the characteristics of CCS. Ten patients with taste abnormalities who were diagnosed with CCS were included. A medical interview, examination of the tongue findings, and blood tests were performed, and taste functions were assessed using an electrogustometry (EGM) and a filter paper disc (FPD) before and after treatment. There was nail atrophy in all cases, weight loss in 8 cases, hair loss in 6 cases, skin hyperpigmentation in 5 cases, gastrointestinal symptoms in 4 cases, and atrophy of the lingual papillae in at least 8 cases. Zinc therapy for taste disorders by the previous physicians was ineffective in all cases. The results of the FPD at the first examination showed a severe decrease in taste function of the anterior tongue, whereas taste function tended to be preserved in the posterior tongue (P &lt; 0.01, Wilcoxon). In all cases, subjective symptoms improved within 3 mo after treatment of CCS. Taste function improved significantly after treatment (FPD in anterior tongue, P &lt; 0.05, EGM in posterior tongue, P &lt; 0.01, Wilcoxon). Taste disorder in CCS tended to be severe in the anterior tongue with findings of tongue papillary atrophy, which appears to be an ectodermal abnormality. Their taste function improved along with symptoms after treatment. The taste tests were useful for determining the effect of treatment for CCS.
Ten tips on how to reduce iatrogenic acute kidney injury
Authors: Booke Hendrik , von Groote Thilo , Zarbock Alexander 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a heterogeneous syndrome associated with worse clinical outcomes. Many treatments and procedures in the hospitalized patient can cause AKI. Hence, the incidence of iatrogenic AKI is expected to be high. In this review we provide 10 practical tips on how to manage and avoid iatrogenic AKI. We cover identification of vulnerable patients by epidemiological data and recommend the usage of renal stress biomarkers for enhanced screening of high-risk patients. Further, we discuss the limitations of current diagnostic criteria of AKI. As a key takeaway, we suggest the implementation of novel damage biomarkers in clinical routine to identify subclinical AKI, which may guide novel clinical management pathways. To further reduce the incidence of procedure-associated AKI, we advocate certain preventive measures. Foremost, this includes improvement of hemodynamics and avoidance of nephrotoxic drugs whenever possible. In cases of severe AKI, we provide tips for the implementation and management of renal replacement therapy and highlight the advantages of regional citrate anticoagulation. The furosemide stress test might be of help in recognizing patients who will require renal replacement therapy. Finally, we discuss the progression of AKI to acute and chronic kidney disease and the management of this growing issue. Both can develop after episodes of AKI and have major implications for patient co-morbidity and long-term renal and non-renal outcomes. Hence, we recommend long-term monitoring of kidney parameters after AKI.
Influence of autonomic neuropathy, systemic inflammation and other clinical parameters on mortality in dialysis patients
Authors: Schramm Michael Christoph , Schramm Catharina Verena , Hoppe John Michael , Trautner Markus , Hinz Michael , Mitzner Steffen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Autonomic neuropathy (AN) is prevalent in diabetes and chronic kidney disease. The Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 (COMPASS 31) is a self-assessment test developed to determine not only cardiac AN but also AN of other organs, including the vasomotor, pupillomotor, secretomotor, and gastrointestinal systems. As yet there are no data on the effects of combined AN-scores of a variety of affected organ systems on mortality in dialysis patients.

Methods
In 119 patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy, symptoms of AN were documented using COMPASS 31. After 5 years, survival rates were calculated depending on AN scores and other parameters. After this 5-year period, AN scores were assessed for a second time and correlated with those obtained 5 years earlier.

Results
Survival rates for patients with lower AN scores were better than for those with higher AN scores. Patients with lower C-reactive protein levels showed better survival compared to those with higher values. Dialysis patients with diabetes had a lower survival rate compared to non-diabetic patients. In women, survival rates were better than in men. AN scores remained unchanged over the 5-year period.

Conclusion
AN is frequently observed in dialysis patients and can be identified through the COMPASS 31 questionnaire. Patients with higher AN scores exhibit poorer survival rates compared to those with lower scores. This observation is applicable not only for cardiac AN but also to AN scores reflecting changes in other organ systems. Therefore, AN scores can be used effectively to detect various AN symptoms in dialysis patients and identify their increased risk of mortality.
Defining normal serum creatinine in pregnancy—results from the AKID UK prospective cohort study
Authors: Skinner Laura , Birnie Kate , Mettam Katie A , Standing Judith P , Howell Amy E , Lenguerrand Erik , Fraser Abigail , Armitage Alison J , Burden Christy , Taylor Dominic M 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Abnormal kidney function in pregnancy may represent chronic kidney disease or pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury, both associated with adverse outcomes during and after pregnancy. Serum creatinine remains the standard biomarker for kidney function in pregnancy, but normal levels change dynamically through pregnancy and at term. Existing gestation-specific reference ranges for serum creatinine and recommendations to investigate for abnormal kidney function in pregnancy are based on limited data. Data describing trajectories of serum creatinine through pregnancy and the normal, physiological increase in serum creatinine at term are also lacking.

Methods
We recruited 476 healthy pregnant individuals aged 16 years or over, 2019–21, measuring serum creatinine in the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, at birth and postpartum. Clinical data were abstracted. Gestation-specific reference ranges for serum creatinine were defined as mean ± 1.96 × SD, after excluding those with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Trajectories of serum creatinine through pregnancy, and the change in serum creatinine at delivery were described.

Results
1875 creatinine measurements were recorded. Reference ranges for serum creatinine in the first, second and third trimesters of healthy pregnancy were 37–67 μmol/l (0.42–0.75 mg/dl), 34–63 μmol/l (0.38–0.71 mg/dl), and 34–66 μmol/l (0.39–0.75 mg/dl). Increasing serum creatinine in early pregnancy was more common in those with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, prior to disease onset. In healthy participants, median serum creatinine increase from 36 weeks to birth was 6.8% (95% CI 4.5%, 9.1%).

Conclusions
Investigation for abnormal kidney function in pregnancy should be considered at a lower creatinine threshold than currently recommended. Detecting abnormal creatinine trajectories may help early identification of high-risk pregnancies.