bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The SNPs rs429358 and rs7412 of APOE gene are association with cerebral infarction but not SNPs rs2306283 and rs4149056 of SLCO1B1 gene in southern Chinese Hakka population
Authors: Wu Heming , Huang Qingyan , Yu Zhikang , Wu Hailing , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) regulate lipid metabolism. However, the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of APOE and SLCO1B1 and cerebral infarction (CI) remains unclear.Methods: A total of 938 CI patients and 1,028 control participants were included in the study. The rs429358 and rs7412 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOE gene and rs2306283 and rs4149056 SNPs in the SLCO1B1 gene were analyzed by fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: The genotype ɛ3/ɛ3 was the most common APOE genotype, with ɛ3 being the allele with the highest frequency, followed by ɛ4 and ɛ2. Statistically significant differences of genotype ɛ2/ɛ2 (c2=3.866, P=0.049), ɛ2/ɛ3 (c2=20.030, P<0.001), ɛ3/ɛ4 (c2=16.960, P<0.001), and ɛ4/ɛ4 (c2=4.786, P=0.029) between CI patients and controls were detected. The SLCO1B1 genotype *1b/*1b and haplotype *1b showed the highest frequency in the study sample. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequencies of SLCO1B1 genotypes and haplotypes among CI patients comparing with controls. Moreover, ε4 carriers had significantly higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B) and lower apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1)/Apo-B levels than ε2 and ε3 carriers, but ε2 carriers showed lower LDL-C and Apo-B and higher Apo-A1/Apo-B than ε3 and ε4 carriers. Further, logistic regression analysis revealed that high LDL-C, high ApoB, smoking, hypertension and the ε4 allele were risks for the presence of CI.Conclusions: This study indicated that the APOE SNPs rs429358 and rs7412 may be associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction in southern Chinese Hakka population.
Factors associated with the recruitment of foreign nurses in Japan: A nationwide survey of hospitals
Authors: Hirano Yuko , Tsubota Kunio , Ohno Shun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Nurse migration under bilateral agreements is a recent global trend; though lack of consultation with health industries has led to challenges in the recruitment of foreign nurses by hospitals. To analyze the prevailing opinion of hospitals on the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA), under which Japan officially recruits foreign nurses, we surveyed the hospitals that are yet to employ foreign nurses.Method: An anonymous questionnaire was developed and distributed to eligible hospitals; it requested the managers’ opinions on Japan’s policy on recruitment of foreign nurses and their intentions to hire foreign nurses. We randomly selected 1,879 hospitals, or 22% of the hospitals in Japan (n = 8,540) with more than 20 beds. We used descriptive statistics, a Chi-square test, and a logistic regression analysis to identify the predictors and developed a model to predict the likelihood of their intention to recruit foreign nurses in the future.Results: In total, 432 hospitals were eligible for further analysis (response rate: 22.9%). Half (50%) of the hospital managers were very/quite interested in Japan’s policy on recruiting foreign nurses, though only 20% intended to recruit under the EPA in the future. The likelihood of foreign nurse recruitment under the partnership agreement was associated with the degree of interest in the policy (OR 9.38; 95% CI 4.42–19.90) and managers’ perception of foreign nurses (OR 5.32, 95% CI 2.38–11.89).Conclusion: To attract more hospitals by reviewing the EPA policy, scrutinizing the needs of hospitals is key. EPA has challenges in accommodating the requests from the hospitals that urgently need foreign nurses, so it may render the new business model which effectively yields the eligible nurses from abroad. To review the EPA, it is essential to reflect upon the opinions of the medical institutions, including those who have yet to employ foreign nurses.
Effectiveness of a mobile phone application to increase access to sexual and reproductive health information, goods, and services among university students in Uganda: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nuwamanya Elly , Nalwanga Robinah , Nuwasiima Afra , Babigumira Janet U. , Asiimwe Francis T. , Babigumira Joseph B. , Ngambouk Vitalis P. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: University students are one of the most vulnerable groups to sexual reproductive health [SRH] threats like sexually transmitted infections [STIs], unwanted pregnancies, and unsafe abortions and often have limited access to SRH information, goods, and services. This study assessed the effectiveness of using a mobile phone application (APP) to increase access to SRH information, goods, and services among university students in Uganda.Methods: Using data from a double-blinded randomized controlled trial, participants were randomly assigned to both the intervention (APP) and control (standard of care) arms. We executed descriptive analyses for baseline demographic characteristics by intervention, difference in difference (DID), and quantile regression analyses for both primary and secondary outcomes.Results: The median age of participants was 21 years of age, and the majority were female (over 60%), unemployed (over 85%) and Christian (90%). Over 50% were resident in off-campus hostels and in a relationship. Between baseline and end-line, there was a significant increase in SRH knowledge score (DID=2, P<0.001), contraceptive use (DID=6.6%, P<0.001), HIV Voluntary testing and counselling (DID=17.2%, P<0.001), STI diagnosis and treatment (DID=12.9%, P<0.001), and condom use at last sex (DID=4%,P=0.02) among students who used the APP. There was a significant 0.98 unit increase in knowledge score (adjusted coefficient= 0.98, P<0.001), a significant 1.6-fold increase in odds of contraceptive use (adjusted coefficient= 1.6, P=0.04), a significant 3.5-fold increase in HIV VCT (adjusted coefficient=3.5, P<0.001), and a significant 2-fold increase in odds of STI testing and treatment (adjusted coefficient =1.9, P<0.001) after adjusting for demographic characteristics among APP users compared to the control group.Conclusion: A mobile phone application increased sexual and reproductive health information (knowledge score), access to goods (contraceptives), and services (HIV voluntary testing and counseling and sexually transmitted infection diagnosis and management) among sexually active university students in Uganda. Further technical development, including the refinement of youth-friendly attributes, extending access to the app with other platforms besides android which was pilot tested, as well as further research into potential economic impact and paths to sustainability, is needed before the app is deployed to the general youth population in Uganda and other low-income settings. Trial registration: MUREC1/7 No. 07/05–18. Registered on June 29, 2018.
Perinatal exposure to diesel exhaust origin secondary organic aerosol induces autism-like behavior in rats
Authors: Shwe Tin Tin Win , Thu Chaw Kyi Tha , Fujitani Yuji , Tsukahara Shinji , Hirano Seishiro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social communication, poor social interactions and repetitive behaviors. The exact cause and mechanism of autism remains unknown. Both genetic and environmental factors may involve in ASD. In this study, we used diesel exhaust origin secondary organic aerosol (DE-SOA) as environmental pollutants. The aim of present study is to examine autism-like behaviors and related gene expressions in rats exposed to DE-SOA perinatally. Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were exposed to clean air (control), diesel exhaust (DE) and DE-SOA in the exposure chamber for 5 h per day, 5days a week from gestational day 8 to postnatal day 21. At postnatal day 21, the male and female offspring rats were allocated into three different groups as follows: 1) rats exposed to clean filtered air; 2) rats exposed to DE; 3) rats exposed to DE-SOA. Social behaviors were investigated at 10~13-weeks-old rats using a 3-chambered social behavior test, social dominance tube test and marble burying test. Prefrontal cortex was collected under deep anesthesia to examine neurological and immunological markers, glutamate concentration, mast cell and microglia activation using real-time RT-PCR method, ELISA method and immunohistochemical analysis.
Results: DE-SOA-exposed male and female rats showed poor sociability and social novelty preference, socially dominant behavior and increased repetitive behavior compared with the control rats. The mRNA expression levels of serotonin receptor (5-HT(5B)) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were down-regulated whereas interleukin 1 b　(IL-b), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were upregulated in the prefrontal cortex of male and female rats exposed to DE-SOA compared to the control rats. In addition, the expression of mast cells and microglia marker ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (Iba)1 were increased in the prefrontal cortex of male and female rats exposed to DE-SOA. Glutamate concentration was increased significantly in the prefrontal cortex of both male and female rats exposed to DE-SOA.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that perinatal exposure to DE-SOA may induce autism-like behavior in rats by modulating neurological and immunological markers in the prefrontal cortex.
Percutaneous screw fixation for acute scaphoid fractures through K-wire-assisted reduction and maintenance:a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bai Jiangbo , Kong Lingde , Tian Siyu , Yu Kunlun , Lu Jian , Liu Chunjie , Tian Dehu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Most of the acute scaphoid fractures have been treated nonoperatively in a cast or by open surgery. Percutaneous screw fixation was introduced for acute scaphoid fractures through K-wire-assisted reduction and maintenance, and the effectiveness of the methods was evaluated.

Methods

From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 20 patients were recruited to the study and 10 patients were randomly allocated to the open reduction and percutaneous groups respectively. Different groups received open reduction and internal fixation or percutaneous screw fixation. Function outcomes including the range of motion and grip strength were assessed according to the modified Mayo wrist scoring system.

Results

Final follow-up examination was performed on an average of 12 months after surgery. No immediate postoperative complication occurred. All patients achieved solid union as confirmed by CT scans. A significant increase in the functional recovery of the injured wrist in the percutaneous group than they were in the open reduction group.

Conclusions

Our novel percutaneous screw fixation method is beneficial to minimise injury to the blood supply of the scaphoid. Primary percutaneous screw fixation for acute scaphoid fractures is a superior method with reduced time to bony union, early return to daily activity or employment and predictably lessened complications of wrist stiffness, diminished grip strength, delayed union, non-union and osteonecrosis.
The Study on the Active Ingredients and Potential Targets of Rice Bran Petroleum Ether Extracts for Treating Diabetes Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Huang Xulong , Zhang Mei , Wu Hongmei , Wang Xiangpei , Xu Feng 
Published: August 2020

Aim and Objective:
In ancient China, rice bran was used to treat diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
The aim of this paper is to explore the active compounds and underlying mechanism of
Rice Bran Petroleum Ether extracts (RBPE) against diabetes using network pharmacology.

Materials and Methods:
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis was performed to identify
the chemical composition in RBPE. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology
Database and Analysis Platform, Swiss Target Prediction database, BATMAN-TCM, comprehensive
database of human genes and gene phenotypes, therapeutic target database, DurgBank and
GeneCards database were used to screen targets. The “component-target-disease” interactive network
was constructed by Cytoscape software. Gene ontology and pathways related to the targets
were analyzed by ClueGO, and core targets were screened by the MCODE, and Autodock vina
was used for molecular docking.

Results:
The compounds with a percentage greater than 1.0% were selected for subsequent analysis.
The RBPE contains oleic acid, (E)-9-Octadecenoic acid ethyl ester, and other chemical components
that can regulate insulin, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, epidermal growth factor receptor,
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, and other genes, which were mainly related to Pathways in
cancer, Human cytomegalovirus infection and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,
etc. The affinity of the core compounds and the corresponding protein of the gene targets
was good.

Conclusion:
The results of network pharmacology analysis indicate that the RBPE has multiple anti-
diabetic ingredients, and RBPE exert anti-diabetic activity through multiple targets and signaling
pathways. The present study can provide a scientific basis for further elucidating the mechanism of
RBPE against diabetes.
Fetal Distress Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Singh Harman Deep , Saini Munish , Kaur Jasdeep 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
Our study aimed to provide an improvised model that classifies the fetal distress
using a two-dimensional Convolution neural network (CNN). It also helps in improving the
visualization of FHR and UC signals.

Background:
Hypoxia or Fetal Distress is the main cause of death in the newborns. Cardiotocography
is used to detect hypoxia in which fetal heart rate and uterine contraction signals are observed.

Setting:
Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, India.

Subjects:
The CTG-UHB database was used for classification purpose and 552 records were analyzed
for classification purposes.

Methods:
Convolutional Neural Network was used for the classification purpose and HoloViz was
used for the visualization of data in which HvPlot and HoloViews libraries are used in python. The
CTG-UHB database was used for the analysis purpose. A total of 552 records were used for classification
purposes. The classification was performed on the Keras software.

Results:
The accuracy achieved by our model was above 70%. Three classes were obtained named
Normal Hypoxia (pH>7.15), Mild Hypoxia (7.05<pH<7.15), and Severe Hypoxia (pH<7.05). The
accuracy achieved by normal hypoxia was 70%, mild hypoxia achieved 71.4%, whereas severe
hypoxia class achieved 70% accuracy.

Conclusion:
This model describes the state of the fetus by using the classification based on pH
values and also our proposed model visualizes the signals using HoloViz. The accuracy achieved
outperforms other models mentioned in the literature.
Phytochemical Analysis of Secondary Metabolites and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Centella asiatica (L.) by UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Chakravarty Shouvik , Sultana Kaniz W. , Das Sumanta , Chandra Indrani 
Published: August 2020

Background::
Centella asiatica (L.) is an herbaceous, frost-tender perennial plant belonging
to the Apiaceae family. It is rich in important secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, flavonoids and
saponins. It is used as a traditional medicine for skin infection, cough and asthma.

Methods:
The present study was intended at the quantitative and qualitative analysis of its secondary
metabolites. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was performed to separate the compounds according
to their Rf (Retention factor) values.

Results::
The total phenolic content of ethanol leaf extract was 45.72 ± 6.05 mg GAE/g determined by
Folin Ciocalteu’s assay. The maximum content of total flavonoids was found in aqueous leaf extract,
44.62 ± 2.45 mg QE/g. Aqueous extract of leaf and stem showed the highest antioxidant activity with
DPPH (2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay (45.66 ± 1.29 & 45.20 ± 3.0, respectively).

Conclusion::
The present study revealed the antioxidant properties in Centella asiatica.
Repurposing of Benzimidazole Scaffolds for HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Therapy: An In-Silico Approach
Authors: Jubie Selvaraj , Durai Uma , Latha Subbiah , Ayyamperumal Selvaraj , Wadhwani Ashish , Prabha Thangavelu 
Published: August 2020

Background:
A newer trend has been seen recently to reuse the conventional drugs with
distinct indications for the newer applications to speed up the drug discovery and development
based on earlier records and safety data. Most of the non-cancerous agents could afford a little or
tolerable side effects in individuals. However, the repositioning of these non-cancerous agents for
successful anticancer therapy is an outstanding strategy for future anti-cancer drug development.
Since more diverse and selective cancer drug targets are being discovered and developed, the approved
drug collections are particularly useful to quickly identify clinically advanced anticancer
drugs against those targets.

Objective:
Antihelminthic drugs such as Mebendazole and Albendazole (Benzimidazole class)
have been reported to exhibit cytotoxicity (or anticancer activities) against several types of cancer.
Therefore, this study aims to repurpose the benzimidazole scaffold for breast cancer treatment.

Methods:
In the present study, three hydrazone analogs having a benzimidazole motif in their structural
frame were synthesized. Their in-silico binding studies against HER2 receptor (PDB ID:
4LQM) and ADMET studies were carried out using Accelrys drug discovery studio 4.1. Cytotoxicity
of the synthesized compounds against HER2 overexpressed MCF-7 cell lines was determined by
MTT assay.

Results:
One of the compounds 2-[2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazinylidene]-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzimidazole
(U1) has shown good cytotoxicity when compared to the standard Lapatinib, which is a well
known HER2 inhibitor.

Conclusion:
Thus, the designed benzimidazole scaffold might serve as the best leads for treating
breast cancer, which is additionally confirmed by performing their docking study via Accelrys discovery
studio.
Adoption of Mobile Health Apps in Dietetic Practice: Case Study of Diyetkolik
Authors: Akdur Gorkem , Aydin Mehmet Nafiz , Akdur Gizdem 
Published: August 2020

Background
Dietetics mobile health apps provide lifestyle tracking and support on demand. Mobile health has become a new trend for health service providers through which they have been shifting their services from clinical consultations to online apps. These apps usually offer basic features at no cost and charge a premium for advanced features. Although diet apps are now more common and have a larger user base, in general, there is a gap in literature addressing why users intend to use diet apps. We used Diyetkolik, Turkey’s most widely used online dietetics platform for 7 years, as a case study to understand the behavioral intentions of users.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that influence the behavioral intentions of users to adopt and use mobile health apps. We used the Technology Acceptance Model and extended it by exploring other factors such as price-value, perceived risk, and trust factors in order to assess the technology acceptance of users.

Methods
We conducted quantitative research on the Diyetkolik app users by using random sampling. Valid data samples gathered from 658 app users were analyzed statistically by applying structural equation modeling.

Results
Statistical findings suggested that perceived usefulness (P<.001), perceived ease of use (P<.001), trust (P<.001), and price-value (P<.001) had significant relationships with behavioral intention to use. However, no relationship between perceived risk and behavioral intention was found (P=.99). Additionally, there was no statistical significance for age (P=.09), gender (P=.98), or previous app use experience (P=.14) on the intention to use the app.

Conclusions
This research is an invaluable addition to Technology Acceptance Model literature. The results indicated that 2 external factors (trust and price-value) in addition to Technology Acceptance Model factors showed statistical relevance with behavioral intention to use and improved our understanding of user acceptance of a mobile health app. The third external factor (perceived risk) did not show any statistical relevance regarding behavioral intention to use. Most users of the Diyetkolik dietetics app were hesitant in purchasing dietitian services online. Users should be frequently reassured about the security of the platform and the authenticity of the platform’s dietitians to ensure that users’ interactions with the dietitians are based on trust for the platform and the brand.
Characterizing and Visualizing Display and Task Fragmentation in the Electronic Health Record: Mixed Methods Design
Authors: Senathirajah Yalini , Kaufman David R , Cato Kenrick D , Borycki Elizabeth M , Fawcett Jaime Allen , Kushniruk Andre W 
Published: August 2020

Background
The complexity of health care data and workflow presents challenges to the study of usability in electronic health records (EHRs). Display fragmentation refers to the distribution of relevant data across different screens or otherwise far apart, requiring complex navigation for the user’s workflow. Task and information fragmentation also contribute to cognitive burden.

Objective
This study aims to define and analyze some of the main sources of fragmentation in EHR user interfaces (UIs); discuss relevant theoretical, historical, and practical considerations; and use granular microanalytic methods and visualization techniques to help us understand the nature of fragmentation and opportunities for EHR optimization or redesign.

Methods
Sunburst visualizations capture the EHR navigation structure, showing levels and sublevels of the navigation tree, allowing calculation of a new measure, the Display Fragmentation Index. Time belt visualizations present the sequences of subtasks and allow calculation of proportion per instance, a measure that quantifies task fragmentation. These measures can be used separately or in conjunction to compare EHRs as well as tasks and subtasks in workflows and identify opportunities for reductions in steps and fragmentation. We present an example use of the methods for comparison of 2 different EHR interfaces (commercial and composable) in which subjects apprehend the same patient case.

Results
Screen transitions were substantially reduced for the composable interface (from 43 to 14), whereas clicks (including scrolling) remained similar.

Conclusions
These methods can aid in our understanding of UI needs under complex conditions and tasks to optimize EHR workflows and redesign.