bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual mechanisms of ictal high frequency oscillations in human rhythmic onset seizures
Authors: Smith Elliot H. , Merricks Edward M. , Liou Jyun-You , Casadei Camilla , Melloni Lucia , Thesen Thomas , Friedman Daniel J. , Doyle Werner K. , Emerson Ronald G. , Goodman Robert R. , McKhann Guy M. , Sheth Sameer A. , Rolston John D. , Schevon Catherine A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHigh frequency oscillations (HFOs) are bursts of neural activity in the range of 80 Hz or higher, recorded from intracranial electrodes during epileptiform discharges. HFOs are a proposed biomarker of epileptic brain tissue and may also be useful for seizure forecasting. Despite such clinical utility of HFOs, the spatial context and neuronal activity underlying these local field potential (LFP) events remains unclear. We sought to further understand the neuronal correlates of ictal high frequency LFPs using multielectrode array recordings in the human neocortex and mesial temporal lobe during rhythmic onset seizures. These multiscale recordings capture single cell, multiunit, and LFP activity from the human brain. We compare features of multiunit firing and high frequency LFP from microelectrodes and macroelectrodes during ictal discharges in both the seizure core and penumbra (spatial seizure domains defined by multiunit activity patterns). We report differences in spectral features, unit-local field potential coupling, and information theoretic characteristics of high frequency LFP before and after local seizure invasion. Furthermore, we tie these time-domain differences to spatial domains of seizures, showing that penumbral discharges are more broadly distributed and less useful for seizure localization. These results describe the neuronal and synaptic correlates of two types of pathological HFOs in humans and have important implications for clinical interpretation of rhythmic onset seizures.
Evidence for a cryptic parasitoid species reveals its suitability as a biological control agent
Authors: Seehausen M. Lukas , Ris Nicolas , Driss Laetitia , Racca Alessandro , Girod Pierre , Warot Sylvie , Borowiec Nicolas , Toševski Ivo , Kenis Marc 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUncertainty about the taxonomic status and the specificity of a species commonly prevent its consideration as a candidate for biological control of pest organisms. Here we use a combination of molecular analysis and crossing experiments to gather evidence that the parasitoid wasp Ganaspis brasiliensis, a candidate for biological control of the invasive spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii, is a complex of at least two cryptic species. Complementary experiments demonstrate that individuals from one genetic group readily parasitize several drosophila species regardless of their food source while individuals from the other one are almost exclusively specific to larvae feeding in ripening fruits. Because only D. suzukii attacks ripening fruits in its area of invasion, parasitoids from this second group appear to be well suited as a biological control agent. Our study demonstrates the need for a combination of biosystematics with biological and ecological investigations for the development of safe and efficient biological control programs.
Chemogenetic selective manipulation of nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons bidirectionally controls alcohol intake in male and female rats
Authors: Strong C. E. , Hagarty D. P. , Brea Guerrero A. , Schoepfer K. J. , Cajuste S. M. , Kabbaj M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe nucleus accumbens (NAc), considered the hub of reward circuitry, is comprised of two medium spiny neuron (MSN) subtypes that are classified by their enrichment of dopamine 1 (D1) or 2 (D2) receptors. While reports indicate that alcohol increases excitatory neurotransmission exclusively on NAc D1-MSNs in male rats, it remains unknown how NAc MSNs control alcohol intake in either sex. Therefore, this study investigated how NAc MSNs mediate alcohol intake by using Drd1a-iCre and Drd2-iCre transgenic rats of both sexes. Intra-NAc infusions of Cre-inducible viral vectors containing stimulatory (hM3Dq) or inhibitory (hM4Di) designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) were delivered after 4-weeks of alcohol intake, and clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) was administered to selectively manipulate NAc MSNs. Our results show that activation of NAc D1-MSNs increased alcohol intake 1-, 4-, and 24-h after the start of drinking while inhibition decreased it 1-h after the start of drinking, with no sex differences observed at any time point. Activation of NAc D2-MSNs had no impact on alcohol intake while inhibition increased alcohol intake in Drd2-iCre rats for 1-h in males and 4-h in females. These findings suggest opposing roles for how NAc D1- and D2-MSNs modulate alcohol intake in rats of both sexes.
Novel sex-specific influence of parental factors on small-for-gestational-age newborns
Authors: Tian Meng Yuan , Wen Shi Wu , Retnakaran Ravi , Wang Hao Ren , Ma Shu Juan , Chen Meng Shi , Wang Xiao Lei , Lin Hui Jun , Tan Hong Zhuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSince fetal programming is sex-specific, there may also be sex-specific in parental influences on newborn birth weight. We aimed to investigate the influence of parental factors on small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants of different sexes. Based on a pre-pregnancy cohort, multivariate logistic regression was used. 2275 couples were included for analysis. Significant associations were observed among paternal height, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and SGA in male infants; among maternal height, pre-pregnancy BMI, and SGA in female infants, and among other maternal factors and SGA in both male and female infants. Such sex specificity may be related to genetic, epigenetic, or hormonal influences between parents and infants. In conclusion, there is a sex specificity in the effect of parental height and pre-pregnancy BMI on SGA. The data suggest that future studies on infants should consider the sex-specific differences between the effects of genetic or environmental factors and infants.
Practice modality of motor sequences impacts the neural signature of motor imagery
Authors: Krüger Britta , Hettwer Meike , Zabicki Adam , de Haas Benjamin , Munzert Jörn , Zentgraf Karen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMotor imagery is conceptualized as an internal simulation that uses motor-related parts of the brain as its substrate. Many studies have investigated this sharing of common neural resources between the two modalities of motor imagery and motor execution. They have shown overlapping but not identical activation patterns that thereby result in a modality-specific neural signature. However, it is not clear how far this neural signature depends on whether the imagined action has previously been practiced physically or only imagined. The present study aims to disentangle whether the neural imprint of an imagined manual pointing sequence within cortical and subcortical motor areas is determined by the nature of this prior practice modality. Each participant practiced two sequences physically, practiced two other sequences mentally, and did a behavioural pre-test without any further practice on a third pair of sequences. After a two-week practice intervention, participants underwent fMRI scans while imagining all six sequences. Behavioural data demonstrated practice-related effects as well as very good compliance with instructions. Functional MRI data confirmed the previously known motor imagery network. Crucially, we found that mental and physical practice left a modality-specific footprint during mental motor imagery. In particular, activation within the right posterior cerebellum was stronger when the imagined sequence had previously been practiced physically. We conclude that cerebellar activity is shaped specifically by the nature of the prior practice modality.
Riboflavin, vitamin B2, attenuates NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and non-canonical inflammasomes by the inhibition of caspase-1 activity
Authors: Ahn Huijeong , Lee Geun-Shik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRiboflavin is commonly taken as a nutritional supplement, and it converts to coenzymes during the process of energy production from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Although riboflavin is considered to be an anti-inflammatory vitamin because of its antioxidant properties, the effects of riboflavin on inflammasome have been not reported. Inflammasome, a cytosolic surveillance protein complex, leads to the activation of caspase-1, cytokine maturation, and pyroptosis. In the present study, riboflavin attenuated the indicators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages, such as the maturation and secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1; the formation of Asc pyroptosome; and the cleavage of gasdermin D. In addition, the oral and peritoneal administration of riboflavin inhibited the peritoneal production of IL-1β and IL-18 in a mouse model. Mechanistically, riboflavin prevented mitochondrial perturbations, such as mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial DNA release, which trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. Riboflavin was further confirmed to disrupt the activity of caspase-1, and it also inhibited the AIM2, NLRC4, and non-canonical inflammasomes. Therefore, riboflavin has both an antioxidant effect and an anti-inflammasome property that regulates the inflammatory response.
The smart activatable P2&3TT probe allows accurate, fast, and highly sensitive detection of Staphylococcus aureus in clinical blood culture samples
Authors: López-Álvarez Marina , Heuker Marjolein , Schoenmakers Jorrit W. A. , van Dam Gooitzen M. , McNamara James O. , van Dijl Jan Maarten , van Oosten Marleen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (SAB) is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Yet, there is currently no adequate diagnostic test for early and rapid diagnosis of SAB. Therefore, this study was aimed at exploring the potential for clinical implementation of a nuclease-activatable fluorescent probe for early diagnosis of SAB. To this end, clinical blood culture samples from patients with bloodstream infections were incubated for 1 h with the “smart” activatable P2&3TT probe, the total assay time being less than 2 h. Cleavage of this probe by the secreted S. aureus enzyme micrococcal nuclease results in emission of a readily detectable fluorescence signal. Incubation of S. aureus-positive blood culture samples with the P2&3TT probe resulted in 50-fold higher fluorescence intensity levels than incubation with culture-negative samples. Moreover, incubation of the probe with non-S. aureus-positive blood cultures yielded essentially background fluorescence intensity levels for cultures with Gram-negative bacteria, and only ~ 3.5-fold increased fluorescence intensity levels over background for cultures with non-S. aureus Gram-positive bacteria. Importantly, the measured fluorescence intensities were dose-dependent, and a positive signal was clearly detectable for S. aureus-positive blood cultures with bacterial loads as low as ~ 7,000 colony-forming units/mL. Thus, the nuclease-activatable P2&3TT probe distinguishes clinical S. aureus-positive blood cultures from non-S. aureus-positive blood cultures and culture-negative blood, accurately, rapidly and with high sensitivity. We conclude that this probe may enhance the diagnosis of SAB.
Cardiac adverse events associated with chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine exposure in 20 years of drug safety surveillance reports
Authors: Cohen Isaac V. , Makunts Tigran , Moumedjian Talar , Issa Masara A. , Abagyan Ruben 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medications for treating non-resistant malaria, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, both drugs are currently used off-label in hospitals worldwide and in numerous clinical trials for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, CQ and HCQ use has been associated with cardiac side effects, which is of concern due to the higher risk of COVID-19 complications in patients with heart related disorders, and increased mortality associated with COVID-19 cardiac complications. In this study we analyzed over thirteen million adverse event reports form the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System to confirm and quantify the association of cardiac side effects of CQ and HCQ. Additionally, we identified several confounding factors, including male sex, NSAID coadministration, advanced age, and prior diagnoses contributing to drug related cardiotoxicity. These findings may help guide therapeutic decision making and ethical trial design for COVID-19 treatment.
Large amplitude vibrations of imperfect spider web structures
Authors: Kaewunruen Sakdirat , Ngamkhanong Chayut , Xu Simiao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDue to the high-efficiency energy absorption and high-tension strength material properties of spider silk, many researchers have studied the mechanical properties and microstructure of the spider web. The concept of spider web structure has been recognized to be adopted for structural engineering aspect. The structure of spider web and its material properties have been studied for decades. However, the fundamental free vibration mode shapes and their corresponding frequencies have never been fully investigated. This study investigates the nonlinear characteristics in the large-amplitude free vibration of imperfect spider web structures using finite element analysis. The spider web applies the concept of elastic cables taking only axial deformation into account. The finite element models of a spider web considering geometric nonlinearities are employed. It should be noted that spider web could experience large deformation when the spider uses its silk to catch prey. This research aims at analyzing the linear and geometric nonlinear behaviour of imperfect spider web structure. Four different types of imperfect spider web: spiral imperfect spider web, radial imperfect spider web, central imperfect spider web, and circular rings imperfect spider web, are considered. It is found that pretension in spider silk plays a significant role in nonlinear vibration characteristics of the spider web. Moreover, the radial thread damaged tends to have a greater effect on structural free vibration of spider web in comparison with other imperfections. The outcome will help a structural engineer to adapt the concept of spider web, its properties, and damage patterns for any larger structures.
Placenta-derived macaque trophoblast stem cells: differentiation to syncytiotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts reveals phenotypic reprogramming
Authors: Schmidt Jenna Kropp , Keding Logan T. , Block Lindsey N. , Wiepz Gregory J. , Koenig Michelle R. , Meyer Michael G. , Dusek Brittany M. , Kroner Kamryn M. , Bertogliat Mario J. , Kallio Avery R. , Mean Katherine D. , Golos Thaddeus G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNonhuman primates are excellent models for studying human placentation as experimental manipulations in vitro can be translated to in vivo pregnancy. Our objective was to develop macaque trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) as an in vitro platform for future assessment of primate trophoblast development and function. Macaque TSC lines were generated by isolating first and second trimester placental villous cytotrophoblasts followed by culture in TSC medium to maintain cellular proliferation. TSCs grew as mononuclear colonies, whereas upon induction of syncytiotrophoblast (ST) differentiation multinuclear structures appeared, indicative of syncytium formation. Chorionic gonadotropin secretion was > 4000-fold higher in ST culture media compared to TSC media. The secretion of chorionic gonadotropin by TSC-derived ST reflects a reprogramming of macaque TSCs to an earlier pregnancy phenotype. Characteristic trophoblast hallmarks were defined in TSCs and ST including expression of C19MC miRNAs and the macaque placental nonclassical MHC class I molecule, Mamu-AG. Extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) were derived that express macaque EVT markers Mamu-AG and CD56, and also secrete high levels of MMP2. Our analyses of macaque TSCs suggests that these cells represent a proliferative, self-renewing population capable of differentiating to STs and EVTs in vitro thereby establishing an experimental model of primate placentation.
Development of Molecular Complexity through Nitrene-Transfer Reactions Catalyzed by Copper and Silver Scorpionate Complexes
Authors: Díaz-Requejo M. Mar , Pérez Pedro J. , Rodríguez Manuel R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor years, metal–nitrene-transfer reactions have been mainly directed toward C=C bond aziridination or C–H bond amidation reactions. In the last decade, multiple efforts have been made to develop new synthetic approaches to expand the applicability of this powerful tool, resulting in the synthesis of complex structures from relatively simple starting materials. Here, we present our contributions to the area with several novel and, to some degree, unexpected transformations developed by our research group. The catalysts for these nitrene-transfer reactions are copper or silver complexes bearing hydrotrispyrazolyl (scorpionate) ligands. These transformations have contributed to an expansion of the scope of organic compounds accessible by nitrene-transfer reactions and to an understanding of the reactivity of metallonitrene species toward the oxidation of less-explored organic substrates.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of 1,2-Dihydropyridines from Furans3	Regio- and Stereoselective Aziridination of Dienes4	Chemoselective Synthesis of Aminimides from Amines5	Synthesis of Sulfinamides and Isothiazoles from Alkynes6	Formation of Azetidines and Methylene Aziridines from Allenes7	Conclusion
Propagation of humidified air plasma in a sandwich-type honeycomb plasma reactor and its dependence on the ambient temperature and reactor diameter
Authors: Nguyen Duc Ba , Saud Shirjana , Matyakubov Nosir , Mok Young Sun , Ryu Seungmin , Jeon Hyungwon , Kim Seong Bong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The dependence of the plasma discharge performance on the size of the honeycomb monolith in a sandwich-type honeycomb monolith plasma reactor operated under humidified air conditions was investigated. In addition, the effect of the feed gas temperature on the plasma discharge was also examined in the low-temperature range (25 °C–42 °C), which is similar to the typical temperature of the actual surrounding ambient air. The results showed that variation of the temperature significantly affects the discharge power, i.e., the discharge power decreases with increasing temperature. The results also indicated that, in the absence of the honeycomb monolith in the reactor, the plasma discharge did not occur inside the discharge zone created by two parallel perforated disks. However, when the honeycomb monolith was sandwiched between the two electrodes, the discharge developed between them because of the generated surface discharge spread through the honeycomb channels. Interestingly, a parallel relationship exists between monoliths with two different diameters in terms of their energy density and energy efficiency for O3 generation. These results suggest that the use of a monolith with a small diameter, instead of the original large commercial monolith, is sufficient when conducting research on the honeycomb discharge, as it facilitates experimental design.
Corrigendum: Effect of adding nano-calcined clay and nano-lime on the geotechnical properties of expansive clayey soil (IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 615 012058)
Authors: al-Swaidani A M , Hammoud I , al-Ghuraibi I , Meziab A 
Published: November 2020

This corrigendum corrects the following error. There was a missing reference in the reference list. This has been included as reference 18.
[18] Al-Swaidani A M, Hammoud I., al-Ghuraibi I and Mezyab A 2019 Nanocalcined clay and nanolime as stabilizing agents for expansive clayey soil: Some geotechnical properties Advances in Civil Engineering Materials 8(3) 327-345
[19] Gueddouda M K, Goual I, Lamara M and Mekarta B 2011 Chemical stabilization of expansive clays from Algeria Global J. of Researches in Engineering: J. General Engineering 11(5) 1-8 Reference 18 should have been referred to at the following points.
[20] Kariuki PC, Shephered K D and Van Der Meer F D 2006 Spectroscopy as a tool for studying swelling soils. In: alRawas AA, Goosen, MFA editors Expansive soils-recent advances in characterization and treatment 15-24 (London, UK: Taylor and Francis Group)
Table 1. The reference [18] should have been indicated in the caption
Figure 2(a), Figure 2(b) and Figure 2(c). The reference [18] should have been indicated.
Figure 7 the reference [18] should have been indicated.
The reference (Gueddouda et al.) numbered as 18 in the older copy was corrected to 19. See the selection of the reference list above.
Figure 8 should include a reference to [18].
Figure 9. The reference [18] should be indicated.
The reference (Kariuki et al.) numbered 19 in the older copy was corrected in this version to 20. See attached reference list above.
Table 4. The reference [18] should have been indicated
References list Reference [18] was added in this version. See above list.
Thermal transport in amorphous graphene with varying structural quality
Authors: Antidormi Aleandro , Colombo Luciano , Roche Stephan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The synthesis of wafer-scale two-dimensional amorphous carbon monolayers has been recently demonstrated. This material presents useful properties when integrated as coating of metals, semiconductors or magnetic materials, such as enabling efficient atomic layer deposition and hence fostering the development of ultracompact technologies. Here we propose a characterization of how the structural degree of amorphousness of such carbon membranes could be controlled by the crystal growth temperature. We also identify how energy is dissipated in this material by a systematic analysis of emerging vibrational modes whose localization increases with the loss of spatial symmetries, resulting in a tunable thermal conductivity varying by more than two orders of magnitude. Our simulations provide some recipe to design most suitable ‘amorphous graphene’ based on the target applications such as ultrathin heat spreaders, energy harvesters or insulating thermal barriers.