bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical dilation at the time of epidural catheter insertion is not associated with the degree of prolongation of the first or second stages of labor, or the rate of instrumental vaginal delivery
Authors: Lipschuetz Michal , Nir Eshel A. , Cohen Sarah M. , Guedalia Joshua , Hochler Hila , Amsalem Hagai , Karavani Gilad , Hochner‐Celnikier Drorith , Unger Ron , Yagel Simcha 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionEpidural analgesia (EA) is an established option for efficient intrapartum analgesia. Meta‐analyses have shown that EA differentially affects the first stage of labor but prolongs the second. The question of EA timing remains open. We aimed to investigate whether EA prolongs delivery in total and whether the EA administration timing vis‐à‐vis cervical dilation at catheter insertion is associated with a modulation of its effects on the duration of the first and second stages, as well as the rate of instrumental vaginal delivery in primiparas and multiparas.Material and methodsA retrospective electronic medical records‐based study of 18 870 singleton term deliveries occurring in our institution from 2003 to 2015. Cervical dilation was determined within a half‐hour of EA administration. We examined whether cervical dilation at EA administration correlated with the duration of the first and/or second stage, with the rate of prolonged second stage, and with the rate of interventional delivery. The study group was stratified to 10 subgroups defined by 1‐cm intervals of cervical dilation at EA administration. Logistic regression modeling was applied to analyze the association between EA timing and rate of instrumental delivery while controlling for possible confounders.ResultsIn primiparas, receiving EA correlated with longer medians of active first stage (+51 minutes; P < .001) and second stage (+55 minutes; P < .001). In multiparas, median increases in active first stage (+43 minutes; P < .001) and second stage (+8 minutes; P < .001) were noted. The timing of EA, vis‐à‐vis cervical dilation (1‐10 cm) was not associated with a substantial modulation of these effects. Logistic regression showed that cervical dilation at EA was not associated with a higher instrumental vaginal delivery rate.ConclusionsEpidural analgesia prolonged the first and second stages of labor vs no epidural. Having EA was associated with a higher instrumental delivery rate but not with higher rates of maternal or neonatal complications, in primi‐ and multiparas. Importantly, the timing of EA, vis‐à‐vis cervical dilation, was not associated with substantial changes in the duration of labor stages or the instrumental delivery rate. Thus, EA may be offered early in the first stage of labor.
Relationships among retinal/choroidal thickness, retinal microvascular network and visual field in high myopia
Authors: Wu Qiuyan , Chen Qi , Lin Bing , Huang Shenghai , Wang Yuanyuan , Zhang Lingmin , Lin Huiling , Wang Jianhua , Lu Fan , Shen Meixiao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeTo determine the relationships among retinal/choroidal thickness, retinal microvascular network and visual field in high myopia.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included a total of 62 subjects, comprising 31 eyes with high myopia and 31 eyes with emmetropia or low myopia. Optical coherence tomography was used to quantify the thickness of ganglion cell complex (GCC), inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer (INOPL), outer retinal layer (ORL) and choroid layer (ChL). Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to quantify the superficial vessel density (SVD) and deep vessel density (DVD). Retinal light sensitivity (RLS) was measured by microperimetry‐1 (MP1). The inner ring (1–1.75 mm), the outer ring (1.75–2.5 mm) and the whole ring (1–2.5 mm) around the macula were analysed and compared between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyse the relationship among them.ResultsIn the highly myopic group, the thinning of retinal/choroidal thickness and the decrease in retinal vessel density and RLS were found when compared to the emmetropia or low myopia (p < 0.05). Decreased RLS was correlated with decreased ORL thickness (r = −0.469, p = 0.008) and choroid thickness (r = 0.398, p = 0.030). There was no correlation between retinal microvascular network parameters and RLS (p > 0.05), but DVD showed a negative correlation with ORL (r = −0.474, p = 0.007).ConclusionEarly visual field defects in highly myopic eyes may be influenced by the ORL loss and defect of choroidal circulation. The deep retinal microvascular network may have a compensatory action in the hypoxic setting of high myopia.
Predictive impact of circulating microRNA‐193a‐5p on early relapse after autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Park Sung‐Soo , Lim Ji‐Young , Kim Tae Woo , Ko Yoon Ho , Jeon Wan‐Jin , Lee So‐Young , Lee Jae‐Hoon , Min Chang‐Ki 
Published: February 2020

SummaryWe explored prognostic roles of circulating microRNAs (miRs) in multiple myeloma (MM) treated with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) following induction chemotherapy. In part I of the study (n = 40), we identified a decreasing dynamics of circulating miR‐193a‐5p expression from diagnosis to pre‐ASCT. In patients who experienced early relapse within one year post ASCT (n = 9) these patterns were distinctive compared to those without early relapse in a 1:2 matched cohort (n = 18). In part II (n = 90), multivariate analyses showed that the International Staging System score and miR‐193a‐5p expression before ASCT were independent prognostic factors. Conclusively, expression of circulating miR‐193a‐5p before ASCT could be a prognostic biomarker for transplant‐eligible MM.
Improved survival for adolescents and young adults with Hodgkin lymphoma and continued high survival for children in the Netherlands: a population‐based study during 1990–2015
Authors: Reedijk Ardine M. J. , Zijtregtop Eline A. M. , Coebergh Jan Willem W. , Meyer‐Wentrup Friederike A. G. , Hebeda Konnie M. , Zwaan C. Michel , Janssens Geert O. R. , Pieters Rob , Plattel Wouter J. , Dinmohamed Avinash G. , Zijlstra Josée M. , Kremer Leontien C. M. , Lugtenburg Pieternella J. , Beishuizen Auke , Karim‐Kos Henrike E. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryPopulation‐based studies that assess long‐term patterns of incidence, major aspects of treatment and survival are virtually lacking for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) at a younger age. This study assessed the progress made for young patients with HL (<25 years at diagnosis) in the Netherlands during 1990–2015. Patient and tumour characteristics were extracted from the population‐based Netherlands Cancer Registry. Time trends in incidence and mortality rates were evaluated with average annual percentage change (AAPC) analyses. Stage at diagnosis, initial treatments and site of treatment were studied in relation to observed overall survival (OS). A total of 2619 patients with HL were diagnosed between 1990 and 2015. Incidence rates increased for 18–24‐year‐old patients (AAPC + 1%, P = 0·01) only. Treatment regimens changed into less radiotherapy and more ‘chemotherapy only’, different for age group and stage. Patients aged 15–17 years were increasingly treated at a paediatric oncology centre. The 5‐year OS for children was already high in the early 1990s (93%). For patients aged 15–17 and 18–24 years the 5‐year OS improved from 84% and 90% in 1990–1994 to 96% and 97% in 2010–2015, respectively. Survival for patients aged 15–17 years was not affected by site of treatment. Our present data demonstrate that significant progress in HL treatment has been made in the Netherlands since 1990.
RNF8 promotes efficient DSB repair by inhibiting the pro‐apoptotic activity of p53 through regulating the function of Tip60
Authors: Chen Hongyu , Shan Jin , Liu Jialing , Feng Yunpeng , Ke Yueshuang , Qi Wenjing , Liu Wenguang , Zeng Xianlu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesRING finger protein 8 (RNF8) is an E3 ligase that plays an essential role in DSB repair. p53 is a well‐established tumour suppressor and cellular gatekeeper of genome stability. This study aimed at investigating the functional correlations between RNF8 and p53 in DSB damage repair.Materials and methodsIn this article, wild‐type, knockout and shRNA‐depleted HCT116 and U2OS cells were stressed, and the roles of RNF8 and p53 were examined. RT‐PCR and Western blot were utilized to investigate the expression of related genes in damaged cells. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and neutral cell comet assays were applied to determine the effects of DSB damage on differently treated cells. DR‐GFP, EJ5‐GFP and LacI‐LacO targeting systems, flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, IP, IF, GST pull‐down assay were used to explore the molecular mechanism of RNF8 and p53 in DSB damage repair.ResultsWe found that RNF8 knockdown increased cellular sensitivity to DSB damage and decreased cell proliferation, which was correlated with high expression of the p53 gene. RNF8 improved the efficiency of DSB repair by inhibiting the pro‐apoptotic function of p53. We also found that RNF8 restrains cell apoptosis by inhibiting over‐activation of ATM and subsequently reducing p53 acetylation at K120 through regulating Tip60.ConclusionsTaken together, these findings suggested that RNF8 promotes efficient DSB repair by inhibiting the pro‐apoptotic activity of p53 through regulating the function of Tip60.
Hypothermic machine perfusion is superior to static cold storage in deceased donor kidney transplantation: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tingle Samuel J. , Figueiredo Rodrigo S. , Moir John AG. , Goodfellow Michael , Thompson Emily R. , Ibrahim Ibrahim K. , Bates Lucy , Talbot David , Wilson Colin H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere remains a lack of consensus on the optimal storage method for deceased donor kidneys. This meta‐analysis compares storage with hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) vs traditional static cold storage (SCS).MethodsThe Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Specialised Register was searched to identify (quasi‐) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to include in our meta‐analysis. PRISMA guidelines were used to perform and write this review.ResultsThere is high‐certainty evidence that HMP reduces the risk of delayed graft function (DGF) when compared to SCS (2138 participants from 14 studies, RR = 0.77; 0.67‐0.90, P = .0006). This benefit is significant in both donation following circulatory death (DCD; 772 patients from seven studies, RR = 0.75; 0.64‐0.87, P = .0002) and donation following brainstem death (DBD) grafts (971 patients from four studies, RR = 0.78; 0.65‐0.93, P = .006). The number of perfusions required to prevent one episode of DGF was 7.26 and 13.60 in DCD and DBD grafts, respectively. There is strong evidence that HMP also improves graft survival in both DBD and DCD grafts, at both 1 and 3 years. Economic analyses suggest HMP is cost‐saving at 1 year compared with SCS.ConclusionHypothermic machine perfusion is superior to SCS in deceased donor renal transplantation. Direct comparisons with normothermic machine perfusion in RCTs are essential to identify optimal preservation methods in kidney transplantation.
Validating patient prioritization in the 2018 Revised United Network for Organ Sharing Heart Allocation System: A single‐center experience
Authors: Nayak Aditi , Dong Tiffany , Ko Yi‐An , Chesnut Neile , Pekarek Ann , Cole Robert T. , Bhatt Kunal , Gupta Divya , Burke Michael A. , Laskar S. Raja , Attia Tamer , Smith Andrew L. , Vega J. David , Morris Alanna A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe 2018 Revised United Network for Organ Sharing Heart Allocation System (HAS) was proposed to reclassify status 1A candidates into groups of decreasing acuity; however, it does not take into account factors such as body mass index (BMI) and blood group which influence waitlist (WL) outcomes. We sought to validate patient prioritization in the new HAS at our center. We retrospectively evaluated patients listed for heart transplantation (n = 214) at Emory University Hospital from 2011 to 2017. Patients were reclassified into the 6‐tier HAS. Multistate modeling and competing risk analysis were used to compare outcomes of transplantation and WL death/deterioration between new tiers. Additionally, a stratified sensitivity analysis by BMI and blood group was performed. Compared with tier 4 patients, there was progressively increasing hazard of WL death/deterioration in tier 3 (HR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.37‐4.63, P = .003) and tier 2 (HR: 5.03, 95% CI: 1.99‐12.70, P < .001), without a difference in transplantation outcome. When stratified by BMI and blood group, this hierarchical association was not valid in patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 and non‐O blood groups in our cohort. Therefore, the 2018 HAS accurately prioritizes the sickest patients in our cohort. Factors such as BMI and blood group influence this relationship and iterate that the system can be further refined.
Perception of alarm cues influences the outcome of shelter competition in crayfish20
Authors: Driscoll Joshua , Kola Michael , Mathews Lauren 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe effects of predators on prey populations may significantly alter many aspects of prey biology, including spatial distribution, foraging activities, and social interactions. In aquatic habitats, chemosensation is an important mode of communication and has been shown for many taxa, including crayfish, to be used in detection of predator and/or conspecific alarm cues. Here, we report on an experiment to test the hypothesis that detection of alarm cues results in greater individual investment in contests over shelters. We tested this hypothesis through dyadic contests between sex‐ and size‐matched, non‐reproductive individuals of Faxonius virilis. We found that crayfish responded to exposure to alarm cues by spending more time inside a shelter. We also report that in contests between pairs in which one crayfish had been exposed to alarm cues and the other had not, exposed individuals were significantly more likely to win ownership of a single shelter. However, we did not detect any differences in the contest parameters we recorded between exposed and unexposed crayfish. These impacts on both individual and social behavior indicate that the presence of predators is likely to have large effects on the distribution and structure of crayfish populations.
Comparison of selection methods among and within full‐sibling progenies in Urochloa humidicola
Authors: Berchembrock Yasmin Vasques , de Figueiredo Ulisses José , Nunes José Airton Rodrigues , do Valle Cacilda Borges , Barrios Sanzio Carvalho Lima 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHybridization in the Urochloa humidicola breeding programme allowed to explore the genetic variability of the apomictic sources and, thus, to obtain new sexual and apomictic parents with compatible ploidy and/or superior progenies. However, given the high variability arising from crosses, there is a need to adopt efficient selection strategies among and within progenies. The aim of this study was to compare the selection methods among U. humidicola progenies with (t‐BLUP) and without (BLUP) the weighting based on prediction error and subsequent selection within progenies by individual simulated (BLUPIS) or optimal individual BLUP. We evaluated seventy‐one U. humidicola full‐sib progenies from biparental crosses between nine sexual and ten apomictic parents. The experiment was set up in an incomplete block design with 64 blocks of 15 plots each, consisting of individual plants. Seven consecutive cuts were made and the traits total dry‐matter, leaf dry‐matter and regrowth scores were measured. Genetic variance was expressive for all traits. The selection procedure among progenies of U. humidicula based on t‐BLUP proved to be more advantageous regarding the use of BLUP not weighted by the prediction error, resulting in higher selection gains, taking as reference the optimal procedure of the individual BLUP. Furthermore, the use of BLUPIS allowed an optimized selection of hybrids, allowing the breeder to explore with variable selection intensity the genetic variability within the selected full‐sib progenies based on relative genetic merit.
Understanding the pain profile in patients with haemophilia: Impaired descending pain inhibition as measured by conditioned pain modulation
Authors: Krüger Steffen , Hilberg Thomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionHaemophilic arthropathy is associated with pain that often becomes chronic, likely caused by peripheral and central mechanisms. In the field of haemophilia, to our knowledge, the role of the descending pain pathway, which can also be involved in these pain processes, has not been examined to date.AimIn light of the dearth of existing literature, we sought to evaluate the function of endogenous descending pain modulation in patients with haemophilia.MethodsThirty adult patients with moderate to severe haemophilia A or B (median [interquartile range] age 51.0 [42.0‐54.0]) and 23 healthy adult controls (age 46.5 [36.8‐54.3]) underwent conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in order to examine the function of endogenous pain modulation. The CPM response was determined by scoring a test stimulus (heat) alone as well as under the influence of a conditioning stimulus (cold) on the basis of a numeric rating scale (NRS) (0 = ‘no pain’ to 100 = ‘worst possible pain’).ResultsPatients with haemophilia demonstrated a statistically significant reduced CPM response when compared with the age‐matched healthy controls (median (interquartile range) NRS score: patients: −10 (−17.5‐[−7.5]) vs controls: −20 (−30.0‐[−13.75]); P = .002). The determined difference in the CPM response between both cohorts showed a medium effect size of r = .433.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that an impaired degree of endogenous pain modulation could be present in patients with haemophilia. Therefore, the function of the descending pain pathway should be considered regarding an individual and comprehensive pain management.
Pressing Issues Among Trainees and Early Career Physicians in Headache Medicine: Survey Results From the American Headache Society New Investigator and Trainee Section and International Headache Academy
Authors: VanderPluym Juliana H. , Mead‐Harvey Carolyn , Starling Amaal J. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveWe surveyed the American Headache Society (AHS) New Investigators and Trainees Section (NITS), and International Headache Academy (IHA) attendees to better understand what they perceive as the most pressing issues for themselves as new investigators and trainees in the field of headache medicine.BackgroundThe NITS and IHA are intended as platforms for mentorship, leadership training, and professional development in the field of headache medicine. Identifying and addressing pressing issues among new investigators and trainees based on their perceived needs is critical to encouraging their development and success as headache medicine clinicians and researchers.MethodsPaper surveys were administered at the NITS meeting at the November 2018 Scottsdale Headache Symposium and the January 2019 IHA. Additionally an online version was sent to the NIT listserv in November of 2018. The survey queried demographic information (gender, race, age, profession, training status, and years in practice) and asked participants to identify their top 3 most pressing issues/questions among a list of options.ResultsFifty‐three responses were submitted (53/255; total response rate 20.7%). Among the surveys, 18 in‐person responses were from the NITS meeting (18/20; response rate 90.0%), 23 in‐person responses were from the IHA (23/45; response rate 51.1%), and 12 responses were from the online survey (12/190; response rate 6.3%). No duplicate responses were submitted based on comparison of demographics. One respondent identified as a researcher exclusively and was excluded from further analyses; the rest identified as clinicians at various levels of medical training. Fifteen respondents were not members of the NITS (28.8%); the most common reason for nonmembership was lack of awareness of the section (92.8%). Overall the most pressing issues/questions included (% of respondents who ranked issue/question among top 3): Career planning (51.9%), Logistics of running a headache clinic (40.4%), and Opportunities for involvement (38.5%). Most pressing issues/questions differed depending on level of training. Working with industry was the most pressing issue/question identified by early career physicians (55.0%). Career planning was the most pressing issue/question among fellows (72.2%) and residents (64.3%).ConclusionMany of the most pressing issues identified by respondents are topics that are not formally addressed in medical and research training.
Hydrostatic pressure influence on electric relaxation response of bismuth manganite ceramics
Authors: Szeremeta Anna Z. , Pawlus Sebastian , Nowok Andrzej , Grzybowska Katarzyna , Zubko Maciej , Molak Andrzej 
Published: February 2020

AbstractElectrical impedance of bismuth manganite ceramics was studied under ambient and high hydrostatic pressure. Local disorder of crystal lattice was confirmed using XRD and DSC. Two relaxation processes were discerned. One was attributed to small polarons, which showed a changeover from variable range hopping features related to Fermi glass and structural disorder to the nearest neighbor hopping behavior in higher temperature range related to uniform distribution of energy levels. Hydrostatic pressure shortened relaxation times that would be interesting for applications. The second process, which was assigned to the nearest neighbor hopping of polarons, also exhibited a changeover to glassy features in a high‐temperature range.
Modelling individual, parental and peer factors to glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A prospective study
Authors: Lee Shu‐Li , Tsai Meng‐Che , Chang Shu‐Chen , Chen Jyu‐Lin , Wang Ruey‐Hsia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo construct a model addressing the pathways from baseline diabetes distress, attribution of peer reactions, parenting style and 3‐month self‐management to 6‐month glycated haemoglobin levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.DesignA prospective design was adopted.MethodsA total of 177 adolescents aged 10–19 with type 1 diabetes were enrolled from four hospitals in Taiwan. Diabetes distress, attribution of peer reactions and parenting style were collected at baseline, self‐management was collected at the third month and glycated haemoglobin levels were collected at the sixth month. Data were collected from May 2015–June 2016.ResultsBaseline diabetes distress and 3‐month self‐management directly affected 6‐month glycated haemoglobin levels. Baseline attribution of peer reactions directly affected baseline diabetes distress and 3‐month self‐management; also, it indirectly affected 6‐month glycated haemoglobin levels through 3‐month self‐management. Baseline parenting style directly affected baseline diabetes distress, baseline attribution of peer reactions, 3‐month self‐management and 6‐month glycated haemoglobin levels; it also indirectly affected 6‐month glycated haemoglobin levels through baseline diabetes distress and 3‐month self‐management.ConclusionA model simultaneously incorporating individual, parental and peer factors to glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes has been constructed. Improving diabetes distress and self‐management should be essential strategies to improve glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Encouraging adolescents with type 1 diabetes to communicate openly with peers about diabetes care and educating their parents to provide more responsive and autonomy‐encouraging parenting style might be vital strategies to improve diabetes distress, 3‐month self‐management and glycaemic control.ImpactIndividual, parental and peer factors should be simultaneously considered to improve glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Nurses should evaluate these factors to tailor interventions improving glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.