bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hanbang Healing for the World: The Eastern Medicine Renaissance in 1930s Japan-ruled Korea
Authors: Flowers James 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The story of the 1930s Eastern Medicine Renaissance in Korea is an unusual case in the history of colonial medicine. Responding to Japanese colonial rule that began in the first decade of the twentieth century, a few thousand Korean physicians of Eastern medicine complied with the new registration requirements, but they turned that compliance into effective resistance. By organising conferences, publishing journals and books, and through the new medium of advertising, the physicians refuted Japanese official arguments of the superiority of Western medicine. The Koreans flipped on its head the Japanese rhetorical argument of Koreans and Japanese as one body (with the Japanese as ‘the head’) and persuaded the Japanese that they could learn from Korean medical practices. Flipping the Japanese trope of Korean weakness upside down, Koreans thereby used their version of Eastern medicine to demonstrate Korean strength.
Managing acute and recurrent idiopathic pericarditis
Authors: Schwier Nicholas C. , Cornelio Cyrille K. , Epperson Taylor M. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Pericarditis is the most common form of pericardial disease and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Management of idiopathic pericarditis includes pharmacologic therapies, non-pharmacologic therapies, and surgery. This article describes the diagnosis and management of idiopathic causes of pericarditis, incorporating recommendations included in the European Society of Cardiology guidelines.
Overactivity in Chronic Pain, the Role of Pain-related Endurance and Neuromuscular Activity
Authors: Hasenbring Monika I. , Andrews Nicole E. , Ebenbichler Gerold 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
Decades of research have convincingly shown that fear of pain and pain-related avoidance behavior are important precursors of disability in daily life. Reduced activity as a consequence of avoidance, however, cannot be blamed for chronic disability in all patients. A contrasting behavior, pain-related dysfunctional endurance in a task and overactivity has to be considered. Currently, there is a need to better understand the psychological determinants of overactivity, dysfunctional endurance, and neurobiomechanical consequences.

Methods:
This is a narrative review.

Results:
The first part of this review elucidates research on self-reported overactivity, showing associations with higher levels of pain and disability, especially in spinal load positions, for example, lifting, bending, or spending too long a time in specific positions. In addition, measures of habitual endurance-related pain responses, based on the avoidance-endurance model, are related to objective assessments of physical activity and, again, especially in positions known to cause high spinal load (part 2). The final part reveals findings from neuromuscular research on motor control indicating the possibility that, in particular, overactivity and dysfunctional endurance may result in a number of dysfunctional adaptations with repetitive strain injuries of muscles, ligaments, and vertebral segments as precursors of pain.

Discussion:
This narrative review brings together different research lines on overactivity, pain-related endurance, and supposed neuromuscular consequences. Clinicians should distinguish between patients who rest and escape from pain at low levels of pain, but who have high levels of fear of pain and those who predominantly persist in activities despite severely increasing pain until a break will be enforced by intolerable pain levels.
A Mediational Analysis of Stress, Inflammation, Sleep, and Pain in Acute Musculoskeletal Trauma
Authors: Walton David M. , Pourkazemi Fareshteh , Ghodrati Maryam , Elliott James M. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
Differences in pain severity among acutely injured people may be related to the perceived stress of the event and pre-existing vulnerabilities. In this study, we test the hypotheses that pretrauma life stress influences posttrauma pain severity, and 2 potential mediating pathways, 1 biological (C-reactive protein, CRP) and 1 contextual (sleep quality).

Materials and Methods:
Data collected from participants within 3 weeks of a noncatastrophic musculoskeletal trauma were used in this observational cross-sectional mediation analysis. The primary outcome was pain severity as measured using the Brief Pain Inventory. Predictors were posttrauma CRP assayed from plasma, sleep interference measured by the Brief Pain Inventory, and a study-specific “General Life Stressors” scale. First, the sample was split into low and high life-stress groups, and mean differences in the pain and the predictor variables were explored by t test. Next, a mediation model was tested through a regression-based path analysis. The base model explored the predictive association between pretrauma life stress and posttrauma pain. Sleep quality and CRP concentration were then entered as possible mediators of the association.

Results:
The sample of 112 participants was 54.6% female, and 52.7% reported high pretrauma life stress. Mean differences in pain severity, sleep interference, and CRP was significant between the high-stress and low-stress groups. In path analysis, life stress explained 8.0% of the variance in acute pain severity, 6.3% of the variance in sleep interference, and 8.0% of the variance in CRP concentration, all P-value <0.05. In mediation analysis, the association between life stress and pain severity was fully mediated by sleep interference. CRP did not mediate the association.

Discussion:
Pretrauma life stress predicted pain severity, sleep interference, and plasma CRP. In mediation analysis, pretrauma stress was associated with pain severity only through its association with sleep interference, while CRP did not mediate the association. Implications of these results are discussed.
Do Bundled Payment Programs in Joint Replacement Care Hold Promise for Improving Patient Outcomes?
Authors: Lassen Tobin , Revere Lee , Hailemariam Desta , Hogan Patrick J. , Hernandez Eduardo 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Innovation Center offers two alternative payment models for joint replacement: the voluntary Bundled Payment for Care Improvement (BPCI) model and the mandatory Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) model. As CMS considers methods for cost reduction, research is needed to understand patient-level outcomes and organizational-level success factors. A retrospective cross-sectional study of hospitals was performed, using regression models to evaluate an aggregate patient satisfaction score, complication rates, and operational differences among BPCI, CJR, and nonparticipating hospitals. Results show that BPCI hospitals received significantly better patient satisfaction scores (88.6) than CJR hospitals (86.0), but complication rates were not significantly different between CJR and BPCI hospitals (2.83 and 2.77, respectively). Factors associated with BPCI participation include academic affiliation, a Northeast region locale, and having a higher CMS efficiency score. Thus, requiring more hospitals to participate in CMS-bundled payment programs as a federal policy may not be the optimal way to improve patient satisfaction and outcomes. Rather, the CJR and BPCI programs should be further studied, and the results generalized for use by nonparticipating hospitals to encourage preparation and participation in CMS value-based initiatives.
Analysis of #PlasticSurgery in Europe: An Opportunity for Education and Leadership
Authors: Maldonado Andrés A. , Lemelman Benjamin T. , Le Hanneur Malo , Coelho Ruben , Cristóbal Lara , Sader Robert , Sauerbier Michael 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Prior studies demonstrate that social media are used by plastic surgeons to educate and engage. The hashtag #PlasticSurgery has been studied previously and is embraced by American plastic surgeons and journals; however, no studies have examined its use or adoption across Europe.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of 800 tweets containing the words “plastic surgery” or the hashtag #PlasticSurgery in four of the most spoken European languages worldwide excluding English (Spanish, #CirugiaPlastica; French, #ChirurgiePlastique; Portuguese, #CirurgiaPlastica; and German, #PlastischeChirurgie) was performed. The following were assessed: identity of author, subject matter, use of the hashtag #PlasticSurgery in each language, whether posts by surgeons and academic institutions were self-promotional or educational, and whether a link to a journal article or a reference in PubMed was provided.

Results:
Seventeen percent and 3 percent of analyzed tweets came from plastic surgeons or academic institutions, respectively; only 17.5 percent of them were for educational purpose. None of them had any digital link to a peer-reviewed article or a scientific journal.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates the low participation of plastic surgeons and academic institutions in social media (especially for education) in four of the major world languages. Social media should be considered in Europe as an opportunity to increase leadership, improve education, and spread knowledge of plastic surgery by board-certified plastic surgeons.
Mapping Psilocybin-Assisted Therapies: A Scoping Review
Authors: Shore Ron , Ioudovski Paul , Goldie Craig , McKeown Sandra , Dumont Eric ,   Queen’s University, Kingston On.
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe conducted a scoping review on psilocybin-assisted therapy for addiction, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psilocybin is a naturally-occurring tryptophan derivative found in species of mushroom with psycho-active properties. From 2022 records identified by database searching, 40 publications were included in the qualitative synthesis from which we identified 9 clinical trials with a total of 169 participants. Trials used a peak-psychedelic model of therapy, emphasizing inward journey through the use of eyeshades, set musical scores and with medium to high doses of psilocybin. No serious adverse effects were reported; mild adverse effects included transient anxiety, nausea and post-treatment headaches. Overall, the 9 trials all demonstrated safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy in the treatments of obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance use disorder, treatment-resistant unipolar depression, anxiety or depression in patients with life-threatening cancer and demoralization among long-term AIDS survivors.The literature was found to be early and exploratory, with several limitations: only 5 were randomized controlled trials, small and homogenous patient sample size, difficulties in blinding, and the confounding influence of psychological supports provided. Further research is indicated to establish effectiveness for these and other indications, with a more diverse range of patients, and with differing program and dosing modalities.
Population structure and clonal prevalence of scleractinian corals (Montipora capitataandPorites compressa) in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu
Authors: Locatelli NS , Drew JA 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAs the effects of anthropogenic climate change grow, mass coral bleaching events are expected to increase in severity and extent. Much research has focused on the environmental stressors themselves, symbiotic community compositions, and transcriptomics of the coral host. Globally, fine-scale population structure of corals is understudied. This study reports patterns of population structure and clonal prevalence found inMontipora capitataandPorites compressain Kaneohe Bay, Oahu. Generated using ddRAD methods, genetic data reveals different patterns in each taxa despite them being exposed to the same environmental conditions. STRUCTURE and site-level pairwise FSTanalyses suggest population structure inM. capitataresembling isolation by distance. Mantel tests show strong, significant FSTcorrelations inM. capitatain relation to geographic distance, water residence time, and salinity and temperature variability (range) at different time scales. STRUCTURE did not reveal strong population structure inP. compressa.FSTcorrelation was found inP. compressain relation to yearly average sea surface height. We also report high prevalence of clonal colonies inP. compressain outer bay sites exposed to storms and high energy swells. Amongst only outer bay sites, 7 out of 23 sequenced individuals were clones of other colonies. Amongst all 47 sequencedP. compressaindividuals, 8 were clones. Only one clone was detected inM. capitata. Moving forward, it is crucial to consider these preexisting patterns relating to genetic diversity when planning and executing conservation and restoration initiatives. Recognizing that there are differences in population structure and diversity between coral taxa, even on such small-scales, is important as it suggests that small-scale reefs must be managed by species rather than by geography.
Differential contributions of left-hemispheric language regions to basic semantic composition
Authors: Graessner Astrid , Zaccarella Emiliano , Hartwigsen Gesa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSemantic composition, i.e. the ability to combine single words to form complex meanings, is a core feature of human language. Despite growing interest in the basis of semantic composition, the neural correlates and the interaction of regions within this network remain a matter of debate. In the present fMRI study, we designed a well controlled two-word paradigm in which phrases only differed along the semantic dimension while keeping syntactic information alike. 33 healthy participants listened to meaningful phrases (“fresh apple”), anomalous phrases (“awake apple”) and pseudoword phrases (“awake gufel”) while performing both an implicit and an explicit semantic task. We identified neural signatures for distinct processes during basic semantic composition: Thegeneral phrasal compositionprocess, which is independent of the plausibility of the resulting phrase, engages a wide-spread left hemispheric network comprising both executive semantic control regions as well as general conceptual representation regions. Within this network, the functional connectivity between the left anterior inferior frontal gyrus, the bilateral pre-supplementary motor area and the posterior angular gyrus specifically increases duringmeaningful phrasal composition. The anterior angular gyrus, on the other hand, guides morespecific compositionalprocessing evaluating phrasal plausibility. Overall, our results were stronger in the explicit task, pointing towards partly task-dependent involvement of the regions. Here we provide a separation between distinct nodes of the semantic network, whose functional contributions depend on the type of compositional process under analysis. For the first time, we show that the angular gyrus may be decomposable into two sub-regions during semantic composition.
Gut microbiome signatures of risk and prodromal markers of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Heinzel Sebastian , Aho Velma T. E. , Suenkel Ulrike , von Thaler Anna-Katharina , Schulte Claudia , Deuschle Christian , Paulin Lars , Hantunen Sari , Brockmann Kathrin , Eschweiler Gerhard W. , Maetzler Walter , Berg Daniela , Auvinen Petri , Scheperjans Filip 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesAlterations of the gut microbiome in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been repeatedly demonstrated. However, little is known about whether such alterations precede disease onset and how they may be related to risk and prodromal markers of PD. We investigated associations of these features with gut microbiome composition.MethodsEstablished risk and prodromal markers of PD as well as factors related to diet/lifestyle, bowel function and medication were studied in relation to bacterial α-/β-diversity, enterotypes, and taxonomic composition in stool samples of 666 elderly TREND study participants.ResultsAmong risk and prodromal markers, physical inactivity, constipation and age showed associations with α- and β-diversity, and for both measures subthreshold parkinsonism and physical inactivity showed interaction effects. Moreover, male sex, possible REM-sleep behavior disorder (RBD), smoking as well as body-mass-index, antidiabetic and urate-lowering medication were associated with β-diversity. Physical inactivity and constipation severity were increased in individuals with the Firmicutes-enriched enterotype. Subthreshold parkinsonism was least frequently observed in individuals with the Prevotella-enriched enterotype. Differentially abundant taxa were linked to constipation, physical inactivity, possible RBD, and subthreshold parkinsonism. Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity, olfactory loss, depression, orthostatic hypotension, urinary/erectile dysfunction, PD family history and the overall prodromal PD probability showed no significant microbiome associations.InterpretationSeveral risk and prodromal markers of PD are associated with changes in gut microbiome composition. However, the impact of the gut microbiome on PD risk and potential microbiome-dependent subtypes in the prodrome of PD need further investigation based on prospective clinical and (multi)omics data in incident PD cases.
Physiological and genomic analysis of “CandidatusNitrosocosmicus agrestis”, an ammonia tolerant ammonia-oxidizing archaeon from vegetable soil
Authors: Liu Liangting , Liu Mengfan , Jiang Yiming , Lin Weitie , Luo Jianfei 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe presences of ammonia tolerant ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in environments are always underestimated and their adaption to complex habitats has also rarely been reported. Here we present the physiological and genomic characteristics of an ammonia tolerant soil AOA strainCandidatusNitrosocosmicus agrestis. This strain was able to form aggregates and adhere on the surface of hydrophobic matrix. Ammonia-oxidizing activities were still observed at 200 mM NH4+(> 1500 μM of free ammonia) and 50 mM NO2-. Urea could be used as sole energy source but exogenous organics had no significant effect on the ammonia oxidation. Besides the genes involving in ammonia oxidation, carbon fixation and urea hydrolysis, the genome also encodes a full set of genes (GTs, GHs, CEs, MOP, LPSE, etc) that responsible for polysaccharide metabolism and secretion, suggesting the potential production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Moreover, a pathway connecting urea cycle, polyamines synthesis and excretion was identified in the genome, which indicates the NH4+in cytoplasm could potentially be converted into polyamines and excreted out of cell, and then contributes to the high ammonia tolerance. Genes encoding the cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrase and putative polyamine exporter are unique inCa. Nitrosocosmicus agrestis or the genusCa. Nitrosocosmicus, suggesting the prevalence of ammonia tolerance in this clade. The proposed mechanism of ammonia tolerance via polyamines synthesis and export was verified by using transcriptional gene regulation and polyamines determination.IMPORTANCEAOA are ubiquitous in different environments and play a major role in nitrification. Though AOA have higher affinities for ammonia, their maximum specific cell activity and ammonia tolerance are usually much lower than AOB, resulting in low contribution to the global ammonia oxidation and N2O production. However, in some agricultural soils, the AOA activity would not be suppressed by the fertilization with high concentration of ammonium nitrogen, suggesting the presence of some ammonia tolerant species. This study provides some physiological and genomic characteristics for an ammonia tolerant soil AOA strainCa. Nitrosocosmicus agrestis and proposes some mechanisms of this AOA adapting to a variety of environments and tolerating to high ammonia. Ammonia tolerance of AOA was always underestimated in many previous studies, physiological and genomic analyses of this AOA clade are benefit to uncover the role of AOA playing in global environmental patterns.
Novel target identification using single cell sequencing and electrophysiology of cardiac sympathetic neurons in disease
Authors: Davis Harvey , Herring Neil , Paterson David J 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe activity of cardiac sympathetic nerves from the stellate ganglia is increased in many cardiovascular diseases contributing to the pathophysiology, however the mechanisms underlying this are unknown. Moreover, clinical studies show their surgical removal is an effective treatment, despite the biophysical properties of these neurons being largely unstudied. Here we demonstrate that stellate ganglia neurons from prehypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats are hyperactive and describe in detail their electrophysiological phenotype guided by single cell RNA-sequencing, molecular biology and perforated patch-clamp to uncover the underlying mechanism. The expression of key transcripts was confirmed in human stellate ganglia. We further demonstrate the contribution of a plethora of ion channels to stellate ganglia neuronal firing, and show that hyperexcitability was curbed by M-current activators, non-selective sodium current blockers or inhibition of Nav1.1-1.3, Nav1.6 or INaP. These findings have implications for target discovery to reduce cardiac sympathetic activity without resorting to surgery.
Human NMD ensues independently of stable ribosome stalling
Authors: Karousis Evangelos D. , Gurzeler Lukas-Adrian , Annibaldis Giuditta , Dreos René , Mühlemann Oliver 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a translation-dependent RNA degradation pathway that is important for the elimination of faulty and the regulation of normal mRNAs. The molecular details of the early steps in NMD are not fully understood but previous work suggests that NMD activation occurs as a consequence of ribosome stalling at the termination codon (TC). To test this hypothesis, we established anin vitrotranslation-coupled toeprinting assay based on lysates from human cells that allows monitoring of ribosome occupancy at the TC of reporter mRNAs. In contrast to the prevailing NMD model, ourin vitrosystem revealed similar ribosomal occupancy at the stop codons of NMD-sensitive and NMD-insensitive reporter mRNAs. Moreover, ribosome profiling revealed a similar density of ribosomes at the TC of endogenous NMD-sensitive and NMD-insensitive mRNAsin vivo. Together, these data show that NMD activation is not accompanied by stable stalling of ribosomes at TCs.