bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal survival and treatment of adult patients with Primary Focal Segmental glomerulosclerosis: A historical cohort study of the National Greek Registry
Authors: Marinaki Smaragdi , Kompotiatis Panagiotis , Michelakis Ioannis , Stangou Maria , Papagianni Aikaterini , Koukoulaki Maria , Zerbala Synodi , Xydakis Dimitrios , Kaperonis Nikolaos , Dounousi Evangelia , Golfinopoulos Spyridon , Stefanidis Ioannis , Paikopoulou Aggeliki , Moustakas George , Stylianou Kostas , Tzanakis Ioannis , Papasotiriou Marios , Goumenos Dimitrios , Andrikos Aimilios , Kriki Pelagia , Panagoutsos Stylianos , Kiousi Eva , Grapsa Eirini , Koutroumpas Georgios , Pateinakis Panagiotis , Papadopoulou Dorothea , Liakopoulos Vasilios , Bacharaki Dimitra , Kouki Penelope , Petras Dimitrios , Bamichas Gerasimos , Boletis Ioannis 
Published: December 2024

Background/Objective
Primary Focal and Segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the most common causes of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Our aim was to describe a large cohort of patients with primary FSGS, identify risk factors associated with worse renal survival and assess the impact of different immunosuppressive regiments on renal survival.

Methods
This was a historical cohort study of adults who were diagnosed with primary FSGS from March 26, 1982, to September 16, 2020. The primary outcome was progression to ESRD.

Results
We included 579 patients. The mean age was 46 (±15) years of age, with 378 (65%) males and median 24-hour proteinuria was 3.8 (2–6) g. In multivariable analysis only eGFR (HR: 0.97 per ml/min increase, 95% CIs 0.95–0.98) and remission status (complete remission (HR: 0.03, 95% CIs 0.003–0.22) and partial remission (HR: 0.28, 95% CIs 0.13–0.61) compared to no remission) were associated with renal survival. Among patients who received immunosuppression compared to those that did not, there was a higher percentage of complete remission (121 (41%) vs. 40 (24%), p<0.001), and higher percentage of relapses (135 (64%) vs. 27 (33%), p<0.001). Immunosuppression and its type (glucocorticoids vs. cyclosporine ± glucocorticoids) were not associated with renal survival.

Conclusion
In primary FSGS, complete and partial remission were associated with improved renal survival. Further randomized studies are needed to assess the efficacy of different therapeutic agents and guide treatment.
Inland fisheries and FBS (fried baloney sandwiches)
Authors: Bartley Devin M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The American descendant of an Italian ‘meat’, Fried baloney sandwich, is critically endangered in much of its range. The diversity of Fried baloney sandwiches was found to be significant and included stocks with inter alia, sugar, maple syrup, and ketchup. However, many of these stocks are in decline or extinct. Urgent action is needed to conserve Fried baloney sandwiches and all its diversity for current and future generations.
Comparative efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide therapy (Tianox device) in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Grishina D. A. , Starchina Yu. A. , Sokolov E. A. , Parfenov V. A. 
Published: December 2024

Chronic cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) and neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are the most common causes of cognitive impairment (CI). The development of dementia is preceded by mild CI (MCI) over several years.Objective: to investigat the effect of inhaled nitric oxide therapy on cognitive function (CF) in patients with MCI due to CVD and NDD.Material and methods. The study included 94 patients (25 men and 69 women aged 50 to 76 years, mean age 65.3±8.9 years) with MCI due to CVD and/or NDD of the brain. The patients were randomized into two groups: the main group (therapy) and the control group. The control group comprised 22 patients with MCI (5 men and 17 women aged 50 to 76 years, mean age 62.3±8.5 years) who received standard therapy (antihypertensive, antithrombotic and other agents). The main group comprised 72 patients (20 men and 52 women aged 50 to 76 years, mean age 66.2±8.0 years) who additionally inhaled a nitric oxide-enriched air mixture for 30 minutes daily using the Tianox device. Each patient had from 7 to 10 inhalation sessions (the first trial session lasted 20 minutes, the following sessions 30 minutes). Neuropsychological tests, emotional state and sleep quality were examined at the beginning and 3 and 6 months after the end of treatment. Results. In the main group, after 3 and 6 months, a significant (p<0.05) improvement in CF was found according the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-test), Frontal Assessment Battery, the Digit Forward and Backward Span Test, the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, the Munsterberg Test, the Literal Association Test and the 12-word Delayed Free Recall Test. A significant (p<0.05) decrease in anxiety and depression according to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Spielberger Anxiety Scale as well as an improvement in sleep quality according to the Insomnia Severity Index were also observed. The therapy was well tolerated, and no serious adverse events occurred. No significant improvement in CF, emotional state or sleep was observed in the control group.Conclusion. Brief therapy (7–10 sessions) with inhaled nitric oxide improves the CF and emotional state of patients with MCI on a background of CVD and NDD. Further studies on inhaled nitric oxide therapy in patients with MCI in a multicenter randomized trial with sham treatment are needed.
Unifying optimization forces: Harnessing the fine-structure constant in an electromagnetic-gravity optimization framework
Authors: Akhtar Md. Amir Khusru , Kumar Mohit , Verma Sahil , Cengiz Korhan , Verma Pawan Kumar , Khurma Ruba Abu , Alazab Moutaz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The electromagnetic-gravity optimization (EMGO) framework is a novel optimization technique that integrates the fine-structure constant and leverages electromagnetism and gravity principles to achieve efficient and robust optimization solutions. Through comprehensive performance evaluation and comparative analyses against state-of-the-art optimization techniques, EMGO demonstrates superior convergence speed and solution quality. Its unique balance between exploration and exploitation, enabled by the interplay of electromagnetic and gravity forces, makes it a powerful tool for finding optimal or near-optimal solutions in complex problem landscapes. The research contributes by introducing EMGO as a promising optimization approach with diverse applications in engineering, decision support systems, machine learning, data mining, and financial optimization. EMGO’s potential to revolutionize optimization methodologies, handle real-world problems effectively, and balance global exploration and local exploitation establishes its significance. Future research opportunities include exploring adaptive mechanisms, hybrid approaches, handling high-dimensional problems, and integrating machine learning techniques to enhance its capabilities further. EMGO gives a novel approach to optimization, and its efficacy, advantages, and potential for extensive adoption open new paths for advancing optimization in many scientific, engineering, and real-world domains.
Effects of chemical environment on softwood kraft pulp: exploring beyond conventional washing methods
Authors: Senthilkumar Eashwara Raju , Henriksson Gunnar , Lindström Mikael E. , Vikström Tomas , Sevastyanova Olena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Brownstock washing, a critical process in cleansing kraft pulp, removes dissolved lignin residues from the pulp after it has passed through the cooking digester. It plays a significant role in kraft pulp mills by enhancing economic efficiency and environmental sustainability. Improved washing efficiency leads to better pulp quality and more effective recovery of cooking chemicals. Our study aimed to better understand the impact of different chemical compositions in washing liquors on washing performance. We tested a range of washing liquors, including neutral solutions (deionized water, 1M NaCl, 3M NaCl, 1M Na2SO4) and alkaline solutions (tap water, washing liquor composed of 0.35M NaOH and 1M Na2SO4, and white liquor with 50 g[OH]/l and 8.77 g[HS]/l). These liquors were evaluated for their efficacy in maximizing lignin extraction. Our findings suggest that salt solutions generally reduce washing efficiency. Deionized water and white liquor proved to be the most efficient washing agents, while high-concentration salts and those with high ionic strength negatively impacted washing efficiency. This suggests that brownstock washing may not be operating at its full potential.
Fractionation methods of eucalyptus kraft lignin for application in biorefinery
Authors: Borges Felipe Pedersoli , Carvalho Ana Márcia Macedo Ladeira , Demuner Iara Fontes , Borges Gomes Fernando José , Gomes Jéssica Silva , Nunes Caio César Zandonadi , Coura Marcela Ribeiro , Rodrigues Laís Teixeira , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Kraft lignin has high dispersity and low reactivity. This study aimed to obtain more homogeneous and modified chemical fractions from the application of fractionation methods using organic solvents and acid precipitation. Organic solvents used were ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and acetone. The pHs tested were 9, 7, 5, 3 and 1, by adding hydrochloric acid. The fractions were characterized of acid-soluble and insoluble lignin, carbohydrates, ashes, elemental analysis and by Py-GC/MS. All fractions obtained in both fractionation methods showed higher carbon contents, higher purity and lower S/G ratio than the corresponding initial materials, characteristics that are very favorable for the application in biorefinery. Acetone-soluble (sequential) and pH 1 (one-step) precipitated fractions are the most promising for carbon fiber production. Fractions soluble in ethyl acetate (one-step) and insoluble at pH 3 and 1 (sequential) appear to be the most appropriate for applications that require good oxidative properties. The fractions soluble in ethanol (one-step), methanol (one-step), acetone (one-step) and precipitated at pH 9 (one-step) and pH 5 (sequential) are the ones that allow better chemical substitution in obtaining bioproducts. Fractions soluble in ethanol (sequential) and precipitated at pHs 5 and 1 (sequential) are not of commercial interest due to their low yield.
Experimental and numerical investigations on the mechanical properties of overmolded hybrid fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites
Authors: Tan Pingyang , Zhai Zhanyu , Liu Ningfeng , Shi Wuping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, an anti-collision beam was manufactured through a thermoplastic composite overmolding (TCO) process. This process includes thermoforming of continuous glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (CGFR-PP) and overmolding of short glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (SGFR-PP). Double cantilever beam (DCB) and end-notched flexure (ENF) tests were performed to obtain the interfacial bonding fracture toughness between CGFR-PP and SGFR-PP, which was then used to establish a cohesive zone model (CZM). A continuum damage model (CDM) based on Tsai-Wu criterion was established to simulate the damage behavior of CGFR-PP. Tensile and bending tests on CGFR-PP and single lap shear (SLS) tests were conducted to verify the validity of the CDM and CZM. At last, the finite element model was used to predict the bending properties of the anti-collision beam, and the error of maximum load is approximately 5 %. Results reveal that the simulation results demonstrated a good agreement with the experimentally obtained force-displacement curves in terms of stiffness and maximum load.
Age and serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels as predictors of time to return of menses after chemotherapy
Authors: Singh Madhavi-Priya , Kalra Rashi , Agresta Franca , Leos Alec , Alwis Samith Minu , Polyakov Alex , Rozen Genia , Stern Kate 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChemotherapeutic agents result in the loss of growing follicles, which can manifest as amenorrhoea. Alkylating chemotherapy (AC) is known to be more gonadotoxic than non-alkylating chemotherapy (NAC). Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), an indirect marker of ovarian reserve, and age have been investigated as predictors of ovarian function after chemotherapy; however, little is known about the time to return of menses. This study aimed to assess how patient age and baseline serum AMH levels at cancer diagnosis affect the time to return of menses post-chemotherapy. This retrospective cohort study examined oncology patients (n = 67) who underwent chemotherapy and were treated through the Reproductive Services Unit of two institutions in Melbourne, Australia. Primary outcomes included the correlation between age and baseline AMH with time to return of menses after chemotherapy. Secondary outcomes include the change in AMH levels at 6- and 12-months post-completion of chemotherapy. Pairwise correlation of the pre-chemotherapy AMH level and time to return of menses demonstrated statistical significance (Spearman’s coefficient, ρ = −0.40) for patients who underwent AC. This analysis in breast cancer patients who underwent AC displayed a negative correlation but was not statistically significant. No association was found between age and time to return of menses for all cancer (NAC or AC) or breast cancer patients who underwent AC. Higher AMH levels prior to AC were associated with an earlier return of menses after chemotherapy. Age at the commencement of chemotherapy was not associated with return of menses. Further prospective research is required to assess post-chemotherapy recovery of AMH.Lay summaryChemotherapy, used to treat cancer, is known to damage women’s ovaries, with certain types having a more toxic effect than others. This may result in a temporary loss of periods while undergoing chemotherapy. AMH is a hormone produced by the ovaries and gives an indication of their level of function. This study looks at whether an individual's AMH or age when beginning chemotherapy can predict the time before the resumption of periods after completing chemotherapy. This study found that for cancer patients who underwent the chemotherapy type known to be more toxic to ovaries, the higher their AMH level was before beginning chemotherapy, the more rapidly their periods would return after completing chemotherapy. Age was not found to accurately predict how rapidly periods would return after completing chemotherapy. This information can be used to inform patients before treatment of the chances of periods returning and, consequentially, pregnancy after the completion of their chemotherapy.
NaNDC: Full Moment Tensor Inversion and Uncertainty Analysis for Large-N Monitored Small Earthquakes
Authors: Yang Lichun , Wang Ruijia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although most earthquakes occur on near-linear planes and generate shear motions, the small-moderate events may contain explosive or nonlinear features, translating into the “non-double-couple” (NDC) components in the full moment tensors (FMTs). However, constraining such secondary components remains challenging and often involves full-waveform-based modeling, demanding high-resolution 3D velocity structures that are barely available at local scales. Alternatively, the recent boost of the dense nodal array provides an opportunity to resolve FMTs using polarities and amplitudes of body waves. In this study, we propose an FMT inversion algorithm that joints different far-field observations (i.e., P-wave polarities and amplitudes, S/P amplitude ratios) to constrain the NDC components for small earthquakes monitored by nodal arrays (nodal array non-double couple [NaNDC]). The optimal moment tensor and associated uncertainties are determined through a grid search over FMT space. Then uncertainties of the NDC components are projected onto the Lune plot for illustration. Synthetic tests demonstrate the robustness and high tolerance of NaNDC for station coverage, noise level, and perturbed velocity models, as well as the case-dependent benefit of incorporating S/P amplitude ratios in constraining FMTs. We then applied NaNDC to field observations near a hydraulic-fracturing well in Western Canada, where 167 M &gt; 1 induced events were recorded by 69 three-component geophones. The resolved FMTs are predominantly strike-slip with subvertical or shallow dip nodal planes, with an average percentage of the double-couple component greater than 70%. Although our solutions are generally consistent with the previous results (90% of events displayed angular difference less than 20°), NaNDC reduced the amounts of NDC components for events located to the northeast. We provide NaNDC as an effective tool for FMT inversion of large-N-monitored small earthquakes. The uncertainty evaluation on the Lune plot also permits a more precise and quantitative interpretation of the NDC components observed from complex environments like volcanic or induced regions.
The Seismic Station and Site Amplification Service: Continuously Updated Information on Italian Seismic Stations
Authors: Tarchini Gabriele , Scafidi Davide , Parolai Stefano , Picozzi Matteo , Bindi Dino , Spallarossa Daniele 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present STATION (Seismic sTATion and sIte amplificatiON—see Data and Resources), the prototype of an innovative service aimed at providing updated information on specific seismological characteristics of more than 2500 Italian and European seismic stations, belonging to both permanent and temporary networks. The stations are characterized by exploiting recordings from about 120,000 earthquakes that have occurred in Italy and neighboring regions in the period from 2005 to 2024. This extensive database includes local magnitude residuals, horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSRs), and mean noise spectra, enabling detailed site-specific seismic assessments as well as supporting postevent analyses. Not only is STATION equipped with a user-friendly web interface, but its seismological products can also be accessed directly through specific station queries (see Data and Resources), enabling quick retrieval of scientific results (e.g., HVSR) and associated metadata, which in turn increases the efficiency of the service itself and its interoperability with other web services. The STATION database is designed to be continually updated and expanded as new data become available from the scientific community (e.g., from the installation of new seismic stations and the recording of new earthquakes). Possible future developments and improvements to the service may include the dynamic updating of the database; the introduction of directional HVSRs and summary maps showing the amplification distribution; the dissemination of individual HVSR curves and spectra for specific requests; the calculation and dissemination of probabilistic distributions of noise power spectral densities; the integration of additional parameters describing site amplification effects; its potential extension to other European and possibly non-European regions.
Knowledge of nurses about missed nursing care and its factors in governmental hospitals in the coastal region of hadhramout-Yemen
Authors: Salim Al-Hebshi Haddad , Bamarouf Maha Shkuri , Bamahdi Khadega Saeed 
Published: December 2024

Preserving patient safety is a critical responsibility of nurses. Missed nursing care, which refers to the loss of care during a patient's hospitalization, has been identified as a significant issue in acute care hospitals in various countries. However, the assessment of nursing care in Hadhramout hospitals remains limited. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and satisfaction of nurses and identify factors that affect nursing care in Hadhramout hospitals. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, involving 407 nurses selected from governmental hospitals along the Hadhramout coast. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The findings revealed that approximately two-thirds (62.9%) of nurses had moderate knowledge regarding missed nursing care, with only 25% of them providing a clear definition of missing care. The majority of nurses (95.8%) agreed on the importance of preventive precautions in ensuring patient safety. Additionally, a significant percentage of nurses (91.9% and 78.9% respectively) reported that increased working hours and inadequate environmental conditions negatively affected their psychological well-being. Furthermore, only 19.4% of nurses cited the lack of availability of medical devices as an example of missed nursing care. The study concluded that a majority of nurses possessed moderate knowledge about missed nursing care, with a limited understanding of the concept. Nurses acknowledged the significance of preventive precautions in maintaining the quality of nursing care. However, they expressed dissatisfaction with the number of nurses in the hospital, as it hindered their ability to take leave, although they were generally satisfied with their working hours.
Shaping the Future: A Research Agenda for U.K. Libraries
Authors: Tilley Elizabeth , Marshall David 
Published: December 2024

Objective – This study explored current and future trends in librarianship within the U.K. library and information profession, intending to highlight the most critical for future evidence based research. Research outcomes should resonate across the wider sector and be an indicative stepping stone to collaborative research endeavours by members of the profession at a time when funding is tight, and staff availability is in short supply.
Methods – A qualitative Delphi consensus method was chosen for the research, adapted from Paul’s (2008) modified Delphi card-sorting model. Contributions from conference programs and 31 individual experts from the U.K. library and information profession contributed to the generation of current themes and trends impacting their library environments. Data were analyzed by the experts in an incremental manner following the adapted methodology, and consensus was achieved through the process.
Results – The findings of the research indicated that there were five significant trends and areas of concern which are impacting our libraries at all levels. These naturally include pressing current concerns such as the impact of artificial intelligence (AI), critical librarianship, and censorship/book banning. Library spaces remain a significant issue for the wider sector.
Conclusion – The adapted modified Delphi card-sorting method with three distinct sections to the research proved especially valuable in a study where there were many different approaches to librarianship. The use of conference data to seed the initial set of themes has been shown to be unusual and rarely used in this way before. The process of achieving and reaching consensus illustrated the need for the profession as a whole to work more closely together. The outcome of the consensus research should now be taken forward collaboratively by the library profession, with space and training given to staff across all sectors and grades to engage in evidence based research for the benefit of all.