bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of urinary microprotein concentration for patients with negative urinary protein test results and positive urinary casts on microscopic examination
Authors: Zheng ChunSheng , Wang WenHua , Chen RongYan , Liu JiLai , Li YangYu , Qin XueJun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the association between positive urinary casts on microscopic examination and urinary microprotein concentration in the case of negative urinary protein test results. This study also investigated the diagnostic value of urinary microprotein examination.SubjectsA total of 949 samples that were analyzed with a UF‐1000i Urine Analyzer and returned cast alarm results were categorized into two groups, a positive and negative group, according to qualitative urinary protein sulfosalicylic acid test results. Then, 54 samples with negative protein test results but positive cast results according to microscopic examination were selected as the study group; 60 normal people with healthy physical examination results were selected as the control group. Both groups underwent urinary microprotein tests, including urinary microalbumin (mAlb), α1‐microglobulin (A1M), transferrin (TRU), and immunoglobulin G (IgG). T tests were used to evaluate mean differences between groups and chi‐square tests were used to calculate ratio differences between groups.Results(a) Microscopic examinations of the positive and negative protein groups revealed no statistically significant difference in cast detection rate (P = .421). (b) Among the 54 samples in the study group, 37 were found to have abnormal casts, while in the remaining 17 samples, only hyaline casts were detected. (c) The detection levels of mAlb, A1M, and IgG in the study group were significantly higher than the control group (P values < .05).ConclusionUrinary microprotein test should be included in the re‐examination rules for routine tests for patients with negative protein results and positive casts under microscopic examination.
Exploration of pyrazole based aldo‐x bifunctional building blocks for the synthesis of pyrazole annulated molecular architectures
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Singh Virender 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOver the last decade, the synthetic chemist's community has attracted attention towards aldo‐x precursors due to their versatility to afforded variety of heterocyclic frameworks. The aldo‐x bifunctional building blocks (AXB3s) contain two or more reactive sites with different reactivity, which may offer new opportunities for the introduction of diversity in core skeleton, which may be of great biological and medicinal relevance. In this context, pyrazole based AXB3s such as 4‐iodopyrazole‐3/5‐carbaldehyde may be explored for achieving pyrazole fused/linked heterocyclic skeletons by employing different organic transformations. Specifically, iodo substituted pyrazoles provide a new platform for the installation of desired pattern via transition‐metal catalyzed approaches. Herein, we have assembled the strategies towards the development of pyrazole substituted and fused molecular architectures by using 4‐iodopyrazole‐3/5‐carbaldehydes and pyrazole C‐3)/C5‐ carbaldehydes. The photophysical data of some fluorescent pyrazole derivatives have also been discussed.
The Curvilinear Association Between Posttraumatic Distress and Posttraumatic Growth Among Pellet Gun Victims: The Moderating Roles of Time Since Trauma and Age
Authors: Dar Imtiyaz Ahmad , Iqbal Naved 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSince 2010, the use of pellet guns in Indian‐administered Kashmir has led to serious physical and psychological consequences among a growing number of victims. However, no research to date has examined the association between posttraumatic distress and posttraumatic growth (PTG) within this population. Previous research conducted on other types of trauma exposure has yielded inconsistent findings regarding the nature and directionality of this association; namely, whether it is linear or curvilinear. Moreover, this inconsistency may also be due to the effects of other variables, such as time since trauma and age. In the present study, we investigated whether the association between posttraumatic distress and PTG among pellet gun victims is best explained as linear or curvilinear and tested whether this association was moderated by time since trauma and/or age. Using purposive sampling, 120 pellet gun victims were recruited from Indian‐administered Kashmir. The results of quadratic hierarchical regression suggested that an inverted U‐shaped curvilinear association, sr2 = 0.07 (medium effect), was a better fit over and above a linear term, sr2 = 0.06 – 0.08 (medium effect). The moderation test further revealed that this effect was present across time but became apparent, as an inverted U‐shape, 18 to 24 months posttrauma, sr2 = 0.04 (small effect); age, however, was not found to influence this association. These findings held even after controlling for the effects of confounding variables. The present findings suggest that across time, moderate levels of posttraumatic distress are associated with the highest levels of PTG.
Role of Surgery in Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Head and Neck in Children
Authors: Dombrowski Natasha D. , Wolter Nikolaus E. , Robson Caroline D. , Kawai Kosuke , Irace Alexandria L. , Vargas Sara O. , Marcus Karen J. , Mack Jennifer W. , Collins Natalie B. , Rahbar Reza 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. The goal of this research is to analyze the role of surgery in the management of pediatric parameningeal (PM) and non‐PM head and neck RMS (HNRMS).Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients <20 years of age treated for HNRMS between 1970 and 2015. Clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, treatment, recurrence, follow‐up, and outcome data were collected.ResultsOf 97 patients with HNRMS, 56% were male. Overall median (IQR: interquartile range) age at diagnosis was 5.8 (3.3–9.8) years. Sixty‐five patients (67%) had PM tumors. Of 75 patients with histologic subtype identified, 51 (53%) had embryonal and 20 (21%) alveolar RMS. Almost all patients received chemotherapy (99%) and radiotherapy (95%). Forty‐four patients (45%) underwent surgery. Surgery was more likely to be conducted in patients with lesions of a non‐PM site. Median follow‐up time was 3.4 years (IQR: 1.1–10.8). In 5 years of follow‐up, 20% (17 of 85) died and 29% (20 of 70) had recurrence. The estimated 5‐year survival rate was 72% (95% CI, 57.8, 81.5%). Surgery was associated with a reduced risk of mortality after accounting for TNM stage 4 and tumor site (adjusted HR 0.24; 95% CI, 0.07, 0.79; P = .02). The association between surgery and risk of mortality was similar in PM and non‐PM tumors.ConclusionA multimodal protocol for treatment including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy is the mainstay for management of children with HNRMS. While surgery is more commonly used to treat non‐PM HNRMS, patients who are able to undergo surgery have significantly higher 5‐year survival.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E984–E992, 2021
Prospective Study in 355 Patients With Suspected COVID‐19 Infection: Value of Cough, Subjective Hyposmia, and Hypogeusia
Authors: Martin‐Sanz Eduardo , Riestra Juan , Yebra Laura , Larran Alba , Mancino Fiorella , Yanes‐Diaz Joaquin , Garrote Maria , Colmenero Marta , Montiel Esther , Molina Cristina , Moreno Daniel , Rodriguez Antonio , Monedero Gerardo , Sanz‐Fernández Ricardo , Gonzalez Rocio , Esteban‐Sanchez Jonathan 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of certain symptoms in a population of health workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 patients.Study DesignCase‐control study.MethodsThe study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from March 1 to April 7, 2020. Health workers with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection were included. The presence of COVID‐19 was detected by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) methods. Positive and negative RT‐PCR patients were used as case and control groups, respectively.This study analyzed the incidence of COVID‐19 symptoms in both patient groups. Visual analog scales were used for self‐assessment of smell and taste disorders, ranging from 0 (no perception) to 10 (excellent perception).ResultsThere were 215 (60.6%) patients with positive RT‐PCR and 140 (39.4%) patients with negative RT‐PCR. The presence of symptoms such as hyposmia hypogeusia, dysthermia, and cough were strongly associated with a positive RT‐PCR. The association of cough and subjective hyposmia had 5.46 times higher odds of having a positive test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that a fever higher than 37.45°C resulted in sensitivity and specificity of 0.65 and 0.61, respectively. A total of 138 cases (64.1%) and 114 cases (53%) had subjective hyposmia and hypogeusia, respectively. The 85.4% of these patients recovered olfactory function within the first 14 days of the onset of the symptoms.ConclusionThere is a significant association between positive RT‐PCR and subjective hyposmia. The association of subjective hyposmia and cough increase significantly the odds of having a positive RT‐PCR. The measurement of fever as the only method for screening of COVID‐19 infection resulted in a poor association.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 130:2674–2679, 2020
Progress Toward Sustainable Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization
Authors: Scholten Philip B. V. , Moatsou Dafni , Detrembleur Christophe , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe recent focus of media and governments on renewability, green chemistry, and circular economy has led to a surge in the synthesis of renewable monomers and polymers. In this review, focussing on renewable monomers for reversible deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRP), it is highlighted that for the majority of the monomers and polymers reported, the claim to renewability is not always accurate. By closely examining the sustainability of synthetic routes and the renewability of starting materials, fully renewable monomers are identified and discussed in terms of sustainability, polymerization behavior, and properties obtained after polymerization. The holistic discussion considering the overall preparation process of polymers, that is, monomer syntheses, origin of starting materials, solvents used, the type of RDRP technique utilized, and the purification method, allows to highlight certain topics which need to be addressed in order to progress toward not only (partially) renewable, but sustainable monomers and polymers using RDRPs.
Do Foster Care Agencies Discriminate Against Gay Couples? Evidence from a Correspondence Study
Authors: Mackenzie‐Liu Mattie , Schwegman David J. , Lopoo Leonard M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere has been considerable recent debate regarding proposed policies that would allow foster care administrators to discriminate on the basis of the sexual orientation of the foster parent. To date, however, we know very little about the level of discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in the foster care system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical investigation to ask whether foster care agencies, the public, and nonprofit firms that facilitate foster care placements respond similarly to e‐mails sent by fictitious same‐sex and heterosexual couples who inquire about becoming foster parents. Our results suggest that, while foster care agencies respond at somewhat similar rates to gay male couples, gay female couples, and heterosexual couples, responses sent to gay males are of lower quality. Gay males receive much shorter responses that take longer to receive. Responses to gay male couples are also less likely to include essential information about the process of becoming a foster parent, such as details about informational sessions or being given an application. We do not find any evidence of differential treatment towards same‐sex female couples.
Phosphonium‐based polythiophene conjugated polyelectrolytes with different surfactant counterions: thermal properties, self‐assembly and photovoltaic performances
Authors: Chevrier Michèle , Kesters Jurgen , Houston Judith E , Van den Brande Niko , Chambon Sylvain , Richeter Sébastien , Van Mele Bruno , Arnold Thomas , Mehdi Ahmad , Lazzaroni Roberto , Dubois Philippe , Evans Rachel C , Maes Wouter , Clément Sébastien 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPhosphonium‐based polythiophene conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) with three different counterions (dodecylsulfate, octylsulfate and perfluorooctane sulfonate) are synthesized to determine how the nature of the counterion affects the thermal properties, the self‐assembly in thin films and the performance as the cathode interfacial layer in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The counterion has a significant effect on the thermal properties of the CPEs, affecting both their glass transition and crystalline behaviour. Grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering studies also indicate that changing the nature of the counterion influences the microstructural organization in thin films (face‐on versus edge‐on orientation). The affinity of the CPEs with the underlying photoactive layer in PSCs is highly correlated with the counterion species. Finally, in addition to an increase of the power conversion efficiency of ca 15% when using these CPEs as cathode interfacial layers in PSCs, a higher device stability is noted, compared to a reference device with a calcium interlayer. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Wirelessly triggered bioactive molecule delivery from degradable electroactive polymer films
Authors: Ashton Mark D , Appen Isabel C , Firlak Melike , Stanhope Naomi E , Schmidt Christine E , Eisenstadt William R , Hur Byul , Hardy John G 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe development of stimuli‐responsive drug delivery systems offers significant opportunities for innovations in industry. It is possible to produce polymer‐based drug delivery devices enabling spatiotemporal control of the release of the drug triggered by an electrical stimulus. Here we describe the development of a wireless controller for drug delivery from conductive/electroactive polymer‐based biomaterials and demonstrate its function in vitro. The wireless polymer conduction controller device uses very low power, operating at 2.4 GHz, and has a supply voltage controller circuit which controls electrical stimulation voltage levels. The computer graphical user interface program communicates with the controller device, and it receives device information, device status and temperature data from the controller device. The prototype of the wireless controller system can trigger the delivery of a drug, dexamethasone phosphate, from a matrix of degradable electroactive polymers. Furthermore, we introduce the application of in silico toxicity screening as a potentially useful method to facilitate the design of non‐toxic degradable electroactive polymers for a multitude of biotechnological applications, addressing one of the key commercial challenges to biomaterial development, in accordance with ‘safe by design’ principles. © 2020 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Zonal regulation of collagen‐type proteins and posttranslational modifications in prostatic benign and cancer tissues by imaging mass spectrometry
Authors: Angel Peggi M. , Spruill Laura , Jefferson Melanie , Bethard Jennifer R. , Ball Lauren E. , Hughes‐Halbert Chanita , Drake Richard R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe emergence of reactive stroma is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa) progression and a potential source for prognostic and diagnostic markers of PCa. Collagen is a main component of reactive stroma and changes systematically and quantitatively to reflect the course of PCa, yet has remained undefined due to a lack of tools that can define collagen protein structure. Here we use a novel collagen‐targeting proteomics approach to investigate zonal regulation of collagen‐type proteins in PCa prostatectomies.MethodsProstatectomies from nine patients were divided into zones containing 0%, 5%, 20%, 70% to 80% glandular tissue and 0%, 5%, 25%, 70% by mass of PCa tumor following the McNeal model. Tissue sections from zones were graded by a pathologist for Gleason score, percent tumor present, percent prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and/or inflammation (INF). High‐resolution accurate mass collagen targeting proteomics was done on a select subset of tissue sections from patient‐matched tumor or nontumor zones. Imaging mass spectrometry was used to investigate collagen‐type regulation corresponding to pathologist‐defined regions.ResultsComplex collagen proteomes were detected from all zones. COL17A and COL27A increased in zones of INF compared with zones with tumor present. COL3A1, COL4A5, and COL8A2 consistently increased in zones with tumor content, independent of tumor size. Collagen hydroxylation of proline (HYP) was altered in tumor zones compared with zones with INF and no tumor. COL3A1 and COL5A1 showed significant changes in HYP peptide ratios within tumor compared with zones of INF (2.59 ± 0.29, P value: .015; 3.75 ± 0.96 P value .036, respectively). By imaging mass spectrometry COL3A1 showed defined localization and regulation to tumor pathology. COL1A1 and COL1A2 showed gradient regulation corresponding to PCa pathology across zones. Pathologist‐defined tumor regions showed significant increases in COL1A1 HYP modifications compared with COL1A2 HYP modifications. Certain COL1A1 and COL1A2 peptides could discriminate between pathologist‐defined tumor and inflammatory regions.ConclusionsSite‐specific posttranslational regulation of collagen structure by proline hydroxylation may be involved in reactive stroma associated with PCa progression. Translational and posttranslational regulation of collagen protein structure has potential for new markers to understand PCa progression and outcomes.
Deal or no deal on water‐saving program? Exploring the optimal interval for government subsidies and internal incentives
Authors: Chen Zhisong , Cheung Keith C. K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWater resources can be soon exhausted with the overdeveloped industrialization. High‐water‐consumption (HWC) industries and their supply chains are trying to reduce water consumption in the production process. These water‐saving behaviors and effects may be subsidized by the government to pursue the goal of social welfare maximization (SWM). In this context, to investigate when to bring in government subsidy for any water‐saving behaviors and effects to maximize the social welfare, six game‐theoretical decision models for the water‐saving supply chain under three scenarios are developed, analyzed, and compared, and the corresponding numerical and sensitivity analyses of water‐saving case in the papermaking industry are conducted and compared; on this basis, the corresponding policy implications and managerial insights are discussed and summarized in this article. The research results indicate that the supply chain would only have internal incentive to implement water‐saving management under low‐ or medium‐cost case, while the government would only have external incentive to subsidize water‐saving behaviors and effects under medium‐cost case. Besides, the coordination strategy outperforms the equilibrium strategy regarding the water‐saving effects, operational performances, social welfare, consumer surplus, and positive externality for the water‐saving supply chain under all three scenarios. Furthermore, a kind of niche targeting subsidy policy based on actual water‐saving effect that the government only subsidizes the water‐saving supply chain operating under coordination strategy with medium water‐saving cost structure can achieve social welfare maximization, operational performance improvement, and positive externality enhancement.Practitioner points

The optimal interval for internal incentives of water‐saving is explored.

The optimal interval for government subsidies of water‐saving is investigated.

The optimal operational strategy for the water‐saving supply chain is examined.
A birds'‐eye view of the activity and specificity of the mRNA m6A methyltransferase complex
Authors: Garcias Morales David , Reyes José L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAppropriate control of the transcriptome is essential to regulate different aspects of gene expression during development and in response to environmental stimuli. Fast accumulating reports are recognizing and functionally characterizing several types of modifications across transcripts, which have created a new field of RNA study named epitranscriptomics. The most abundant modification found in messenger RNA (mRNA) is N6‐methyladenosine (m6A). m6A addition is achieved by a large methyltransferase complex (MTC). The m6A‐MTC is composed of the methyltransferases METTL3 and METTL14 as the catalytic core, and several protein factors necessary for its correct catalysis, which include WTAP, RBM15, VIRMA, HAKAI, and ZC3H13. To fully appreciate the relevance of this modification, it is important to dissect the basis for the MTC function as well as to define its interaction with other cellular partners. Here, we summarize previous and recent knowledge on these issues to provide a guide for future research and put forward ideas on the flexibility and specificity of this process.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Recognition
The forgotten joint score-12 is a valid and responsive outcome tool for measuring success following hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome
Authors: Robinson Patrick G. , Rankin C. S. , Murray I. R. , Maempel J. F. , Gaston P. , Hamilton D. F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The forgotten joint score-12 (FJS-12) is an outcome questionnaire designed to evaluate joint awareness. The responsiveness and validity of the English language version of the FJS-12 in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is not known.

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for a diagnosis of FAI were prospectively followed up over a 1 year period. Patients completed preoperative and postoperative FJS-12, EuroQol 5 Dimension (EQ-5D-5L), and the 12-item international hip outcome tool (iHOT-12). We evaluated construct validity with Spearman correlation coefficients for the FJS-12, and responsiveness by way of effect size and ceiling effects.

Results
Forty-six patients underwent hip arthroscopy, of which 42 (91%) completed post-operative PROMs at 1 year follow-up. Construct validity was strong with the iHOT-12 (r = 0.87) and also the EQ-5D-5L (r = 0.83). The median postoperative FJS score was 50.2 (IQR 64). The mean change in score for the FJS-12 was 31 points (SD 31) (p < 0.001), with an effect size (Cohen’s d) of 1.16. Preoperatively, three patients scored the lowest possible value resulting in a floor effect of 7.1%. Similarly, only three patients (7.1%) scored the best possible score post-operatively.

Conclusion
This is the first evaluation of the joint awareness concept in the English language version of the FJS-12 following hip arthroscopy for FAI. The FJS-12 is a valid and responsive tool for the assessment of this cohort of patients.

Level of evidence
II.