bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does complete-staging lymphadenectomy improve survival outcomes in stage I endometrioid epithelial ovarian carcinoma? A multi-institutional retrospective study with propensity score-weighted analysis
Authors: Yoshihara Masato , Tamauchi Satoshi , Iyoshi Shohei , Kitami Kazuhisa , Uno Kaname , Tano Sho , Matsui Shigeyuki , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the prognostic impact of complete-staging lymphadenectomy on patients with clinically apparent Stage I endometrioid epithelial ovarian carcinoma.MethodsWe conducted a regional multi-institutional retrospective study between 1986 and 2018. Amongst 4897 patients with malignant ovarian tumours diagnosed under central pathological review, 259 women with Stage I endometrioid epithelial ovarian carcinoma were eligible. We evaluated differences in survival of patients with both pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy (Group A) and those with only pelvic lymphadenectomy and/or clinical lymph node evaluation (Group B). To analyse the therapeutic effects, the baseline imbalance between patients with both pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy and others was adjusted with an inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity score involving independent clinical variables.ResultsIn total, 145 patients (56.0%) received both pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. With propensity score-based adjustment, estimated survival was better in Group A compared with that in Group B but not significant. Pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy also led to no significant improvement of overall survival in most of the subgroups. However, point estimations of the hazard ratio for lymphadenectomy in patients with an age of 45 or younger (hazard ratio, 0.304; 95% confidence interval, 0.094–0.982), a Grade 1–2 (hazard ratio, 0.441; 95% confidence interval, 0.204–0.954) and T1c2–3 tumour (hazard ratio, 0.449; 95% confidence interval, 0.164–1.231) were better compared with those with the opposite characteristics.ConclusionsComplete-staging lymphadenectomy was not a significant prognostic factor in patients with Stage I endometrioid epithelial ovarian carcinoma, where we still need to explore appropriate candidate for the procedure.
Brady v Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust [2020] EWHC 158: ‘Pure Diagnosis’ Claims and Setting the Professional Standard of Care
Authors: Schnobel Samantha A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In Brady v Southend University Hospital NHS Trust, the High Court was asked to consider the applicability of Bolam and Bolitho principles in a so-called ‘pure diagnosis’ claim. The claimant suffered from the long-term effects of an undiagnosed bacterial infection after presenting at the defendant hospital with acute appendicitis. It was argued by claimant’s counsel that where the primary allegation of fault concerns diagnosis, no issues of acceptable practice arise and therefore Bolam and Bolitho do not apply. Rejecting this, the High Court confirmed the applicability of Bolam and Bolitho and found that the defendant hospital had not been negligent. Initially, this result may signal a continued deference towards those in the medical profession, however, it is suggested that an alternative reading evidences a case which lays the groundwork for reconsidering the doctor–patient relationship in the context of treatment and diagnosis actions.
Mapping Cochlear Duct Length to Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potentials in Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Mlynski Robert , Lüsebrink Adele , Oberhoffner Tobias , Langner Soenke , Weiss Nora M. 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
Objective measurements may assist in indicating cochlear implants and in predicting outcomes of cochlear implantation surgery. Using electrically evoked compound action potentials (ECAP), information about the function of the auditory nerve can be obtained by analyzing responses to electrical stimulation transmitted and derived by the recording electrode. The aim of this study was to determine whether ECAP characteristics differ depending on the stimulated intracochlear region and the size of the cochlea.

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
University Medical center, tertiary academic referral center.

Patients:
Patients undergoing cochlear implant surgery between 2015 and 2018.

Intervention:
Cochlear implantation with FLEXsoft electrode arrays (length 31.5 mm, 12 stimulating channels).

Main Outcome Measures:
The cochlear duct length (CDL) and the cochlear coverage (CC) were measured using a new computed tomography-based software and correlated to the postoperative speech performance. Additionally, ECAP were measured and associated to the CDL.

Results:
A total of 59 ears of 53 cochlear implant users with a mean age of 63.6 (SD 14.9) years were included. The mean estimated CDL was 35.0 (SD 2.2) mm. The mean CC was 90.3% (SD 5.5%). A total of 4,873 ECAP were measured. A statistically significant, moderate, negative correlation between the ECAP slope and the site of stimulation was found (r = −0.29, 95% confidence interval: −0.32 to −0.27, p < 0.0001). No correlation between the CC and the speech performance was found (r = −0.08, 95% confidence interval: −0.33 to 0.18 p = 0.52).

Conclusion:
ECAP slopes seem to be a reliable tool to identify the electrode's position inside the cochlea and also showed correlations to the anatomy of the patient. A combination of objective measurements such as anatomical parameters and ECAPs are helpful to assist the postoperative fitting and are promising tools to improve patient care.
Revealing HIV epidemic dynamics and contrasting responses in two WHO Eastern European countries: insights from modeling and data triangulation
Authors: Marty Lise , Lemsalu Liis , Ķīvīte-Urtāne Anda , Costagliola Dominique , Kaupe Ruta , Linina Indra , Upmace Inga , Rüütel Kristi , Supervie Virginie 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
In the early 2000s, Estonia and Latvia experienced a rapidly growing HIV epidemic among people who inject drugs (PWID), and had, with Russia, the highest diagnosis rates in Europe. Understanding epidemic dynamics in both countries and how responses to HIV impacted them is essential to ending injection-driven epidemics.

Design:
Statistical modeling, programmatic data collection, and triangulation.

Methods:
Data on newly diagnosed HIV cases were used in a back-calculation model to estimate, for each country, trends in HIV incidence, time to diagnosis, and undiagnosed infections. Modeled estimates were then triangulated with programmatic data on harm reduction services, HIV testing, and ART.

Results:
From 2007 to 2016, HIV incidence decreased in Estonia by 61% overall, for all exposure groups, and particularly for male PWID (97%), except men who have sex with men, where it increased by 418%. In Latvia, it increased by 72% overall. Median time to diagnosis decreased for male PWID in Estonia, from 3.5 to 2.6 years, but not in Latvia. In 2016, most new and undiagnosed infections, ∼50% in Latvia and ∼75% in Estonia, affected individuals reporting heterosexual transmission, showing a gradual shift toward heterosexual route as the main reported exposure mode. Coverage of services had been higher in Estonia; for example, by 2016, for PWID, there were >200 needles and syringes distributed per PWID annually, and HIV testing and ART coverage reached ∼50% and 76%, respectively, in Estonia, against respectively less than 100%, 10% and 27% in Latvia.

Conclusions:
Estonia has turned the tide of its epidemic – large scale-up of prevention and care programs probably contributed to it – whereas in Latvia it remains very active.
Interactive digital interventions for prevention of sexually transmitted HIV
Authors: Bailey Julia V. , Wayal Sonali , Aicken Catherine R.H. , Webster Rosie , Mercer Catherine H. , Nazareth Irwin , Rait Greta , Peacock Richard , Murray Elizabeth 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Digital technology offers good opportunities for HIV prevention. This systematic review assesses the effectiveness of interactive digital interventions (IDIs) for prevention of sexually transmitted HIV.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of IDIs for HIV prevention, defining ‘interactive’ as producing personally tailored material. We searched databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, grey literature, reference lists, and contacted authors if needed.
Two authors screened abstracts, applied eligibility and quality criteria and extracted data. Meta-analyses used random-effects models with standardized mean differences (SMD) for continuous outcomes and odds ratios (OR) for binary outcomes, assessing heterogeneity using the I
2 statistic.

Results:
We included 31 RCTs of IDIs for HIV prevention. Meta-analyses of 29 RCTs comparing IDIs with minimal interventions (e.g. leaflet, waiting list) showed a moderate increase in knowledge (SMD 0.56, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.80), no effect on self-efficacy (SMD 0.13, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.27), a small improvement in intention (SMD 0.16, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.26), improvement in HIV prevention behaviours (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.57) and a possible increase in viral load, but this finding is unreliable.
We found no evidence of difference between IDIs and face-to-face interventions for knowledge, self-efficacy, intention, or HIV-related behaviours in meta-analyses of five small RCTs. We found no health economic studies.

Conclusion:
There is good evidence that IDIs have positive effects on knowledge, intention and HIV prevention behaviours. IDIs are appropriate for HIV prevention in a variety of settings.
Supplementary Video Abstract, http://links.lww.com/QAD/B934
The role of population structure when measuring COVID-19 impact across countries
Authors: Bramajo Octavio , Infantino Mauro , Unda Rafael , Cardona-Maya Walter D , Richly Pablo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe search for accurate indicators to compare the pandemic impact between countries is still a challenge. The crude death rate, case fatality rate by country and sex, standardized fatality rate, and standardized death rate were calculated using data from Argentina and Colombia countries. We show that even when frequently used indicator as deaths per million are quite similar, 512 deaths per million in Argentina and 522 deaths per million in Colombia, a significant heterogeneity can be found when the mortality data is decomposed by sex or age.
Stability analysis of solutions to equilibrium problems and applications in economics
Authors: Tam Tran Ngoc , Hai Nguyen Minh , Thanatporn Bantaojai 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the Hölder calmness of solutions to equilibrium problems and apply it to economics.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors obtain the Hölder calmness by using an effective approach. More precisely, under the key assumption of strong convexity, sufficient conditions for the Hölder continuity of solution maps to equilibrium problems are established.

Findings
A new result in stability analysis for equilibrium problems and applications in economics is archived.

Originality/value
The authors confirm that the paper has not been published previously, is not under consideration for publication elsewhere and is not being simultaneously submitted elsewhere.
Legal threats against the existence of famous brands a study on the dispute of the brand Pierre Cardin in Indonesia
Authors: Pujiyono Pujiyono , Waluyo Bambang , Manthovani Reda 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze how Indonesian laws regulate the existence of famous brand. In case of brand Pierre Cardin, which had the elements of a famous brand including brand reputation obtained because of the public’s general knowledge, intensive and massive promotion, investment made by the owner in several countries, including Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is a normative legal research conducted statutory approach reviews through court decisions in Indonesia which related to famous brands such as Pierre Cardin. The analytical method analyzes the law, the legal rulings and the famous brand case of Pierre Cardin, which became one of the sources of Law of Marks in Indonesia. The next method is a description that compares the famous brands such as Pierre Cardin in Indonesia and France.

Findings
The research of this paper shows that brand Pierre Cardin is one of the world’s leading brands and has registered its brands in several countries in the world. The threat to well-known brands in Indonesia is the regulation of which Indonesia has weaknesses. In Indonesia, the Law of Marks enables the state to receive registrations of similar brands, and when a dispute occurs, it allows the judge to make a decision threatening the existence of goodwill.

Research limitations/implications
This research discusses the legal aspects of famous brands in Indonesia that hold the constitutive system and particularly the legal threat against a famous brand in Indonesia, Pierre Cardin.

Practical implications
This paper discusses the threats that will occur in famous brands that registered in many countries, such as Indonesia. This became a reference for the famous brand company to be able to adjust the law in Indonesia.

Social implications
This paper informs the legal threats can be a weakness of law in Indonesia; therefore, the governance should revise the regulation about marks to accommodate the existence of famous brands company in Indonesia. This paper gives recommendations for government to be more flexible to regulate the registration for the famous brand and tighten regulation of brand rights for local brands to avoid infringement in Indonesia. The protection of brand rights for a famous brand company in Indonesia can be realized and will be possible.

Originality/value
This paper is original and must-read. This research can be a reference for famous brand companies that will register brand rights in Indonesia because it discusses about the case between Pierre Cardin brand in Indonesia and French. This paper gives perspectives based on the Law of Marks in Indonesia. Furthermore, this paper also discusses some Law of Marks in Indonesia that should be strengthened.
A framework for the adoption of green business models in the Ghanaian construction industry
Authors: Lamptey Theophilus , Owusu-Manu De-Graft , Acheampong Alex , Adesi Michael , Ghansah Frank Ato 
Published: December 2020

PurposeDespite the amount of considerable investigations on business models, much studies have not been undertaken in the construction industry emphasising the adoption of green business models to drive sustainable construction. Construction activities continue to increase the carbon footprint and eject contaminated materials into the ecological environment with dire consequences for economic and social sustainability. As a result of the adverse impacts of construction activities, it is necessary for construction firms to rethink their approach to the use of conventional business models. The purpose of this study is to explore a framework for the adoption of green business models to drive sustainability in the construction industry of Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThis research is exploratory due to its focus on emerging economies in which there is a perceptible gap in the adoption of green business models. As a result of this, this paper is entrenched in the interpretivist philosophical stance, which led to the adoption of the qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken involving 13 senior managers of construction firms. A thematic analysis was used with the aid of qualitative data analysis computer software package to code the interview transcripts.FindingsThe results demonstrate the six definitions of green business models among the managers of construction firms. The study also shows the need for developing green business models to address the issues of circularity and sustainability goals to reduce carbon footprints in the construction industry. Similarly, the paper found various sources of information to drive the awareness, understanding and adoption of the components for green business models. These sources include international conferences and training workshops on green business models. Finally, the study presents a framework that integrates the building information modelling (BIM) and the Internet of things (IoT) into the components for green business models adoption in construction firms.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a need to use the quantitative approach to undertake further empirical studies, as this paper focuses mostly on the qualitative approach to ascertain the nature of the relationship between green business model and the various components of the circular economy in the construction industry.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing knowledge on green business models by demonstrating six key pillars of green business models by the inclusion of digital technologies such as BIM and IoT, which hitherto this investigation have not been considered in the adoption of green business models in the construction industry. This study extends the existing knowledge on green business models, which has the potential to increase the awareness and understanding of practitioners and managers of construction firms.
Trade books' contextualization of consequential women's historical significance
Authors: Bickford John H. , Solomon Toluwalase V. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper explores the representation of consequential women in history within children's and young adult biographies.Design/methodology/approachThe data pool was established by developing a list of women's names extracted from common textbooks and state social studies curricula. Early-grade (K-4th) and middle-grade (5th-8th) in-print books were selected for juxtaposition because these students have the least prior knowledge and are perhaps most dependent on the text. Two researchers independently engaged in qualitative content analysis research methods, which included open and axial coding.FindingsEarly- and middle-grade biographies aptly established the historical significance of, but largely failed to contextualize, each figure's experiences, accomplishments and contemporaneous tensions. The women were presented as consequential, though their advocacies were not situated within the larger context.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations included a dearth of women featured in both state standards and biographies, limited audience (early and middle grades) and exclusion of out-of-print books. Comparable inquiries into narrative nonfiction, expository texts and historical fiction, which have different emphases than biographies, are areas for future research.Practical implicationsDiscussion focused on the significance of findings for teachers and researchers. Early- and middle-grade teachers are guided to contextualize the selected historical figures using primary and secondary source supplements.Originality/valueNo previous scholarship exists on this particular topic. Comparable inquiries examine trade books' depiction of historical significance, not contextualization of continuity and change.
Transcultural transferability of transient therapeutic communities: the living-learning experience workshops
Authors: Lees Jan , Haigh Rex , Bruschetta Simone , Chatterji Anando , Dominguez-Bailey Veronica , Kelly Sandra , Lombardo Aldo , Parkhe Shama , Pereira Joāo G. , Rahimi Yousuf , Rawlings Barbara 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to describe a method of training for practitioners in democratic Therapeutic Communities (TCs) which has been used in several settings across the world over the past 25 years: the “Living-Learning Experience” (LLE) workshop. It goes on to consider the cross-cultural implications of the work.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on the experience of running exactly the same programme in different countries and cultures, the paper examines the cross-cultural adaptability and describes necessary adaptations for local circumstances. It also contains original ethnographic research in UK and Italy; further study is planned for other countries.

Findings
The workshops are readily transferable to different cultures and are appreciated for their democratic and relational way of working.

Research limitations/implications
The ethnographic study examines the workshops in some depth, in UK and Italy, and could usefully be replicated in other countries. No quantitative, outcome or follow-up studies have yet been done, and this paper could contribute to the design of useful quantitative studies.

Practical implications
The paper demonstrates that the LLE is a useful experiential learning tool in widely different settings. It could be developed in different ways, such as for developing relational practice or establishing therapeutic environments in different settings.

Social implications
The workshops' acceptance in widely different cultures indicates that the open and non-didactic format addresses essential and fundamental qualities required for therapeutic engagement and human relatedness.

Originality/value
This is the first description of the principles of democratic TCs being applied across different international settings. Its value extends beyond the TC field, to the use of democratic and relational principles' applicability in therapeutic pedagogy and training.
Promotion of inclusive tourism by national destination management organizations
Authors: Rita Paulo , António Nuno 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Inclusive tourism has the potential to counter balance some of the disadvantages relating to tourism development and effectively exert positive impacts on society at large and specifically on tourist destinations. However, there is a research gap in studies on inclusiveness related to the promotional efforts of national destination management organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
Data science-based methods, mainly text mining and image mining, were used to analyze both the explicit and implicit content in text and images in the English brochures published by nine European official destination management organizations.

Findings
Results highlighted that the countries' attitudes towards inclusion were aligned with what the countries’ destination management organizations were promoting, especially in the case of highly ranked countries on an inclusiveness index. However, there were differences between their explicit content (what they write in text) and their implicit content (what they show in images).

Originality/value
The combined analysis of text and image content allowed for a complete understanding as to how national’s destination management organizations are promoting inclusion, showing that destination management organizations should make an effort in improving their promotional material and above all the images they use.
The FC Porto Museum project and the challenges of a new reality
Authors: Valente Luís 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to explain how FC Porto positioned its museum and stadium as touristic and cultural attractions of reference in Porto. The current international situation demands a reflection on how to behave in relation to the market in the near future.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on information drawn from official sources and relevant FC Porto data.

Findings
FC Porto Museum has an extensive program of cultural events that is offered every month to the locals. Public and private partnerships have also been celebrated by welcoming all kinds of audiences from schools to universities and tour operators.

Practical implications
Now that everyone is living in unprecedented and challenging times, sharing experiences on how to evolve and create new opportunities to the public is even more essential.

Originality/value
FC Porto Museum and Dragão Stadium are among the most visited attractions in Porto. Although cultural attractions are often more popular, during the past six years the impact of the museum and stadium on the tourism sector in the eastern area of the city and the local community cannot be underestimated.