bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and perceptions regarding immunization among mothers of under five children: a community study from South Kerala
Authors: N. Navaneetha , Abraham Sherin Billy , Thomas Thushara , Mary Rose , . Bhuvanendu , Abbas Hilal 
Published: December 2019

Background: Immunization coverage is undisputedly the most effective health status and outcome indicator. Though India is effectively organizing vaccination campaigns, a large majority of children are often left out. Strong anti-vaccination propaganda is influencing the decision of parents. This study was initiated in the context of vaccine-preventable disease outbreak rising recently in Kerala to assess the knowledge and practices of mothers of children less than five years regarding immunization.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 140 women with children less than 5 years. Sample was drawn from the rural and urban field practice areas of a tertiary care teaching hospital. A pilot tested interviewer administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and practices of immunization among mothers of under-five children. Chi-Square test was used to find the association between dichotomous variables.Results: In the study group 96.4% of the children were fully immunized. Mean score on knowledge regarding immunization among the study population was 6.45 (SD=1.84). Majority (89%) of the mothers agreed on the importance of vaccination. More than half (57.1%) had heard of anti-vaccination campaign and 24.3% were influenced by it at one time or the other. Higher knowledge score was associated with mothers residing in urban area, better occupation of mother and educational status of father. Age of child, sex, religion, type of family did not influence knowledge level. Factors influencing the perceived importance of vaccination are better occupation of father, higher education status of father and mother.Conclusions: Vaccination was perceived significant for child’s health. Immunization coverage in the study population was high. The level of knowledge regarding immunization among the study population was poor. Anti-vaccination campaign has influenced the population at one time or the other.
Mortality profile in pediatric malignancies: a 11 year retrospective study
Authors: Joshi Vaishali M. , D’Sa Lorraine A. C. F. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Malignancy is one of the leading causes of childhood deaths in developed nations while diarrheal and respiratory infections continue to compete in many developing nations. Since the state of Goa, has health statistics comparable to the western world, an attempt has been made to look at the childhood cancer mortality in proportion to overall deaths in the only tertiary care hospital in the stateMethods: In the absence of a population registry, information was obtained from the hospital mortality statistics during the period from January 2007 to December 2017.Results: A total of 118 cancer deaths were seen over a period of 11 years with a male/female ratio of 1.34:1. The proportion of cancer deaths to total deaths due to any cause, per year was 11.9%. Most of the deaths were noted in the 1-10 years age group (53.4%) with maximum deaths seen in hematological malignancies (50.8%).Though sepsis was the immediate cause of death in 42(35.6%), a significant drop was noted in last 5 years wherein it was observed to fall from 22.8% in the initial 6 years to 12.7% in the latter 5 year period.Conclusions: Proportion of cancer related deaths were seen to reduce over the study period with a significant drop, in sepsis, as the major cause. Simple measures to control sepsis may help to reduce cancer mortality.
Awareness regarding self care among diabetics in urban slum of Kolkata: a community-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Ray Samir Kumar , Pattnayak Ujjwal , Madhwani Kishore P. , Singh Jitendra Kumar 
Published: December 2019

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with diabetes have higher rates of coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Many of these complications can be prevented with appropriate medical care that often requires significant alterations in lifestyle and strict adherence to self-care tasks to obtain good control of disease. Awareness regarding the complications of this disease will play a vital role in its prevention and control. While lack of adherence to the treatment and self-care leads to poor glycemic control, thereby, increasing hazardous complications. Objective of the study was the present study was conducted to assess the knowledge of diabetic patients regarding the disease and its complications, and to estimate the knowledge and adherence to self-care practices concerned with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: The study was conducted in Tangra an urban slum of Kolkata from July 2018 to December 2018. A house to house survey was conducted to identify the known diabetics in the community and data of 362 patients were collected.Results: A total of 362 diabetic patients consented and participated in the study of whom 191(52.76%) were male and 171(42.74%) female. Majority of the respondents (26.52%) between the age of 50-59 years, 140(38.67%) belonged to upper middle class. Though 332(91.71%) respondents were aware regarding diet control but only 170(46.96%) were actually practicing the recommended diet schedules. Knowledge of the respondents regarding eye, foot, skin and dental care was very low, only 67(18.51%), 102(28.28%), 62(17.13%) and 46(12.71%) respondents were aware respectively and practices were still lower.Conclusions: Overall the level of self-care activities among diabetic patients in our study was quite low. Government policies should help in creating guidelines on comprehensive diabetes management within the primary health care setting including availability of medicines and diagnostic services and creating public awareness.
Perception of type 2 diabetes mellitus clients on applications in Bima Regional General Hospital
Authors: . Syaiful , Haris A. , . Julhana 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Repeat hospitalization is a process for a patient who needs to return to hospital as a result of inability to control and take care of their disease. The objective of study is to gather deeper understanding about the meaning experience of repeat hospitalization process among diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. The study is qualitative research within phenomenology method by using deep interview instruments. In this study, the research seeks the experience of diabetes mellitus type 2 patients who are being treated with repeat hospitalization process.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study applies descriptive phenomenology approach. By using the method, the subject could be explored, analyzed, and explained directly about their experience of repeat hospitalization. The size of sample, in descriptive study, is essential in order to reveal the saturation data. The participants collecting procedure is using the snowball sampling technique. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The age of participants are ranging from 40-79 years old. The level of education among participants are varies, from elementary schools to senior high schools. The occupation type are housewife, farmers or merchants. The participants’ income is ranging between 750.000-2.000.000 rupiah/month.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The result reveals four findings among 10 participants: 1) the characteristics of participants 2) the lack of knowledge from diabetes mellitus (DM) management, 3) quality of service, 4) hope of recovery.</p>
Assessment of analgesic and neuropharmacological activity of leaves of Bixa orellana (Family: Bixaceae)
Authors: Aktary Nahida , Sultana Sharmin , Hossain M. Lokman 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <em>Bixa orellana</em> Linn, (Family: Bixaceae) commonly known as “Lipstick tree” have been extensively used traditional medicine in India and others part of the world to cure laxative, cardiotonic, hypotensive, expectorant, antibiotic, antipyretic, aphrodisaic etc. It has been found that <em>B. orellana</em> contains different phytochemical groups such as phenolic compounds, glycosides, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, saponins. The project work has been designed to investigate the phytochemical nature (group determination of plant constituents), analgesic and neuropharmacological activity of <em>B. orellana</em> leaves extract.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Analgesic activity of <em>B. orellana</em> was determined by acetic acid induced writhing, hot plate, tail immersion and paw tickling test/formalin induced nociceptor test. Open field, hole cross, tail suspension and light/dark box test were employed for the assessment of neuropharmacological activity of <em>B. orellana</em>. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of reducing sugar, alkaloids, glycosides, gum, terpenoids, tannins, steroids and flavonoids. In analgesic activity test, the sample showed significant analgesic activity. The dose-dependent neuropharmacological activity is shown in neuropharmacological activity test.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our exploration suggests that <em>B. orellana</em> contains bioactive compounds and it should be studied further for isolation and purification of such novel compounds.</p>
Utility of serum gamma glutamyl transferase activity among hypertensive patients
Authors: Kunwar Saroj , Maharjan Luniva , Chaulaigai Bimal , Sah Sanjay Kumar 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hypertension, a chronic medical condition of elevated blood pressure in the arteries. It is an emerging problem worldwide and one of the identifiable cause of kidney disease. Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) plays essential role in the metabolism of glutathione which is reported as major antioxidant. More recently increased GGT is associated with pathogenesis of hypertension. This study was aimed to determine activity of gamma glutamyl transferase in hypertensive patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All together 150 participants were recruited from Department of Medicine, Star Hospital for this hospital based cross-sectional study. Among which 50 were normotensive, 50 were pre-hypertensive and 50 were hypertensive. Blood sample were collected and analyzed in autoanalyser by enzymatic method. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean serum gamma glutamyl transferase activity is significantly different among normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive groups (i.e., 10.3 IU/l, 26.8IU/l and 37.2 IU/l respectively). Serum gamma glutamyl transferase activity is significantly higher in prehypertensive patients than normotensive group (p=0.001). Similarly GGT activity is significantly increased in hypertensive patients than prehypertensive patients (p=0.001).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Serum gamma glutamyl transferase activity is raised in prehypertensive and hypertensive participants as compared to normotensive. Thus Serum gamma glutamyl transferase level can have potential role on management of hypertension.</p>
Inadequate vitamin D level: association with low energy fractures of distal radius in young patients and its predictors in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Muzzammil Muhammad , Kumar Ranjeet , Minhas Muhammad Saeed , Kumar Vinod , Jahanzed Syed , Qadir Abdul 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to determine association of inadequacy of vitamin D level with low energy fractures of distal radius and its predictors in young patients in Karachi Pakistan.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 young patients, visited hospital with low energy fracture of distal radius. A questionnaire was designed and filled after taking consent includes details regarding age, gender, occupation, area of skin and sun exposure duration, dietary habits, type of clothing and residence used. Serum Vitamin D3 levels were determined and compared with serum calcium levels, serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among 220 patients ranging from 12-45 years, mean 28±23.33 SD. Female were 172 (78.18%). Mostly have history of fall 127 (57.72%) and RTA 63 (28.63). Sun exposure duration in majority of participant was 1-2 hour/day 132 (60%). Variable coloured clothes used by majority participant 135 (61.36%) and variable fabric 102 (46.36%). 202 (91.8%) patients had deficiency of vitamin D and correlated with duration of sunlight exposure significantly, also with exposure of large skin area, dietary consumption of vitamin D rich food and worn variable clothing colours. Serum phosphorus level and serum alkaline phosphatase level were negatively correlated with vitamin D significantly whereas positively correlated with serum calcium.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is very high in low energy fracture of distal radius in young population and sun exposure duration found to be most common predictor of inadequate D levels. A national food fortification program and campaign of public awareness to increase sunlight exposure and increase intake of vitamin D rich food are urgently needed.</p>
Correlation between diagnostic endoscopy, computed tomography and operative findings in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Bagewadi Satish , Ankle N. R. , Patil R. N. , Havaldar Rajesh Radhakrishna 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The varied symptomatology and diagnostic difficulties pose a great challenge to the Otorhinolaryngologists in treating chronic rhinosinusitis. Both diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) has been used to analyse the pathological/anatomical changes associated with chronic rhinosinusitis. Various studies have been done to evaluate the efficacy of both these methods to analyse the changes associated with chronic rhinosinusitis. In this study, the authors contemplate to determine which one is better as a preoperative diagnostic tool.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this study 30 patients (60 sides) suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis underwent functional endoscopic Sinus Surgery after being thoroughly evaluated by diagnostic endoscopy and CT scan. The various factors affecting the sinus drainage were analysed and compared between each modality. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The findings of diagnostic endoscopy correlated very well with the operative findings except for conditions where there was severe anatomic or pathologic obstruction which hampered visualisation. Extent of disease in each sinus is very well recognised on CT.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Both diagnostic endoscopy and CT are important preoperative evaluation tools in detecting anatomic variations or pathologic changes within sinuses, although for the surgeon, the operative findings remain the gold standard in the management of the disease.</p>
Curettage and bone grafting for simple bone cyst of humeral head in a young woman: arthroscopic approach and step towards minimal invasive surgery
Authors: Soni Nirav G. , Jesalpura Jaimeen P. 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract">The simple bone cyst (SBC) also called unicameral bone cyst is a tumor-like lesion of unknown cause, attributed to a local disturbance of the bone growth. Although the pathogenesis is still unknown, the lesion appears to be reactive or developmental . Traumatic etiology of simple bone cysts remains an enigma up to now. We present a case of 44 year old woman who came with c/o pain in right shoulder due to fall from vehicle 5 months back with X-ray and MRI both suggestive of cystic lesion over greater tuberosity humeral head . Patient was treated with arthroscopic curettage and bone grafting. In the last decade, however, there has been an exponential growth in the use of minimally invasive surgical techniques. This is particularly seen in the shoulder, where multiple arthroscopic and procedures have been described in the treatment of intra- and extra-articular pathologies.</p>
THE MYTHOLOGICAL DISCOURSE OF THE ITELMEN POETRY (BASED ON THE WORKS OF G. POROTOV)
Authors: G. Khazankovich Yulia 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the study: The authors review the Itelmen poetry based on works written by Georgii Porotov. Mythological discourse analysis helps us reveal the Itelmen worldview.
Methodology: The poet focuses on the mythological character of the creator of Kamchatka, Kutkh the Big Raven, the main character of the poems composed by G. Porotov, in particular, the poem “The Winged Kutkh, or a Love Song”. Discourse analysis is used on the material of the Itelmen poetry for the first time in order to study the manifestation of the epic in the artistic thinking of the peoples of Kamchatka. The subject of the study was the mythological story of Kutkh Raven's marriage.
Main Findings: Within the framework of the study, the authors base their research on the works of the famous mythologist and folklorist E. Meletinsky, which are focused on identifying the specifics of the mythology in the mentality of the Paleo-Asiatic peoples in the Far East.
Applications of this study: The article will be of interest to a wide circle of readers and researchers of the indigenous peoples of the world.
ZOOMORPHIC LEXIS AS A FRAGMENT OF THE CHINESE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW (BASED ON CHINESE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS)
Authors: Daulet Fatimabibi , Orazakynkyzy Farida , Anuar Saule , Nurkassym Ashimbay , Zeinolla Zhanat , Zhunisbek Gulnaz 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the ethnocultural features of the functioning of Chinese phraseological units with zoomorphic components by describing their lingo cultural properties. The Chinese phraseological units with a zoomorphic component from the liuchu (六畜) group — six domestic animals, whose images occupy a special place in Chinese linguoculturology — were used as linguistic material.
Methodology: In order to describe the internal form of zoomorphisms, the authors used the following methods: semantic identification, providing the possibility to identify individual phraseological meaning with the lexical structure; cognitive interpretation, which is involved in the "decoding" of cultural codes enclosed in phraseological units; The etymological approach is used to determine the primary sources of zoomorphisms, which are figurative dominants of the studied phraseological units.
Main Findings: The authors found that zoonyms as animal names are anthropocentrically oriented and have connotative properties, acting as a means of secondary nomination, they represent an ethnospecific worldview. The authors determined that the ethno specific features of the considered phraseological units are due to the specificity of the linguistic system of the Chinese language, as well as the specifics of the influence of animals on the life of the Chinese ethnos.
Applications: The collected empirical material can be used in classes in linguoculturology and intercultural communication; it can be used while writing textbooks, methodological manuals; to create thesauri, phraseological dictionaries, as well as to clarify the national-cultural specificity and functioning of zoononyms in the linguistic worldview.
Novelty/Originality: The scientific novelty of the work is due to the insufficient study Chinese phraseological units with the zoonym component. The work makes a certain contribution to solving the problem of the functioning of zoononyms in phraseological units, in particular, the study made it possible to trace the influence of extralinguistic factors, such as geographical and biological, as well as globalization processes.
DETERMINANTS OF INTERCULTURAL EDUCATION
Authors: Bystray Yelena , Вaronenko Elena , Belova Larissa , Raisvich Julia , Shtykova Tatiana 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the study: The article aims to identify the determinants of intercultural education and describe their essence.
Methodology: The authors used the cluster of methods: the diagnostics of cultural identity and a foreign cultural-reflexive position in communication with representatives of other cultures, the analysis of activity-related products, rapid assessment questionnaire "Tolerance index", questionnaire. The study comprised 135 students of the South Ural State Humanitarian-Pedagogical University (Chelyabinsk, Russia).
Main Findings: The authors have determined typical features and target-oriented aspects of intercultural education and presented them in the form of a matrix. The authors have also developed and tested the course "Basics of intercultural communication", considered the formation of the cultural self-identity and foreign culture-reflexive position of students, as well as their tolerance index and types of ethnic identity.
Applications of this study: The study results can be used in teaching courses concerned with problems of intercultural communication to students of foreign language faculties, international faculties, and other humanities faculties. The research materials are of scientific significance for undergraduate and graduate students working on their dissertations.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The study novelty is as follows.: At the theoretical level, it determines the typical features and determinants of intercultural education. At the practical level, it introduces and tests the course "Fundamentals of intercultural communication". It analyzes the formation of the cultural self-identity and foreign cultural-reflexive position of students, as well as their tolerance index and types of ethnic identity.