bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Botulinum Toxin for Chronic Lateral Epicondylitis (LE)
Authors: Grüner Stephan , Schulz Axel , Schlüter-Brust Klaus , Lippert-Grüner Marcela 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLateral epicondylitis is a common disease in orthopaedic practice. Although the majority of cases do not become chronic, patients who do not respond to the initial treatment may suffer from pain in the long term and effective treatment is challenging. The off-label use of botulinum toxin is one of the common potential indications for the substance in orthopaedics and traumatology. In a literature review of 2000 – 2019, eight EBM ≥ level 3 studies evaluating the use of botulinum toxin in lateral epicondylitis were found. Five of these studies evaluated botulinum toxin versus placebo in chronic cases; two other studies compared botulinum toxin with corticosteroids in acute cases and classic Hohmann surgery in chronic cases; the eighth study compared botulinum toxin in two different injection sites and corticosteroids by classic injection. Our findings suggest that the use of this substance may be a treatment option in refractory chronic cases before surgery is indicated.
The working group on botulinum toxin in O & T of the International Musculoskeletal Pain Society (IMPS/IGOST) introduced an alternative injection schedule, which combines findings from the recent clinical literature with practical experience in order to reduce the risk of side effects while ensuring treatment effectiveness. Using 2 simple tests of function and, if necessary, sonographic verification, 2 separate injection sites in the extensor carpi radialis or the extensor digitorum can be identified by palpation. The tendon level on the lateral epicondyle acts as the third injection site. With optimal use of the ampoule content, the 3 injection sites can be infiltrated individually, depending on the muscle status. On the one hand, this enables treatment to take place after a dual therapy approach and, on the other hand, the risk of overdose in a muscle with subsequent unnecessary muscle weakening can be reduced.
MRT-(inbore)-Biopsie zur sicheren Detektion kleiner oder ungünstig gelegener Prostatakarzinome bei negativer MRT/Ultraschall-Fusionsbiopsie
Authors: Klingebiel Maximilian , Ullrich Tim , Rabenalt Robert , Albers Peter , Antoch Gerald , Schimmöller Lars 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie multiparametrische MRT der Prostata und MR-gezielte Biopsieverfahren werden zunehmend durchgeführt und durch aktuelle Leitlinien empfohlen. Ein diagnostisches Problem stellen Diskrepanzen wie ein auffälliger MRT-Befund mit jedoch anschließend negativer gezielter Biopsie dar. Neben der MRT-Qualität und MRT-Befundung ist auch die MR-gezielte Biopsie eine potentielle Fehlerquelle der Diagnostikkette. Die MRT-(in-bore)-Biopsie kann als genaustes gezieltes Prostatabiopsieverfahren eine fehlerhafte oder verzögerte Therapie bei Patienten mit initial negativem oder nicht zum MRT-Befund passendem Ergebnis der gezielten Ultraschall-gesteuerten Biopsie vermeiden. Im Folgenden werden zwei Fälle aus der klinischen Routine beschrieben in denen die MRT-(in-bore)-Biopsie als „Back-up“-Verfahren genutzt wurde.
Experience with Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Newborns
with Congenital Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia
Authors: Anık Ayşe , Türkmen Münevver Kaynak , Akcan Abdullah Barış , Ünüvar Tolga , Öztürk Sercan , Anık Ahmet 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Effective treatment and close monitoring of hypoglycemia in
children with congenital hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (CHH) is vital to prevent
brain damage. The current use of capillary sampling schedules does not provide a
comprehensive assessment of glycemic status and fails to detect asymptomatic
hypoglycemia episodes.
Aim To investigate the efficacy and accuracy of a real-time continuous
glucose monitoring system (RT-CGMS) in neonates with CHH.
Methods A sensor connected to RT-CGMS was inserted into the newborn
patients and maintained for at least 6 days during their stay in the hospital.
We compared the readings of CGMS with capillary blood glucose values using
Bland-Altman analysis.
Results A total of 110 blood glucose values were compared to readings
from the CGMS. All results were calculated and plotted for CGMS values at
0–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–19, 20–24, and
25–29 min after capillary blood glucose sampling. CGMS readings
were highly correlated with blood glucose values, especially during
normoglycemia. In case of hypoglycemia, the mean difference between the CGMS and
capillary glucose values was higher. Although the false positive rate for
hypoglycemia was relatively high in CGMS, RT-CGMS may show some episodes of
hypoglycemia earlier than blood measurement.
Conclusion RT-CGMS is accurate during normoglycemia, and it can reduce
the number of capillary blood samples in children with CHH.
Hip Revision Arthroplasty of Periprosthetic Fractures Vancouver B2
and B3 with a Modular Revision Stem: Short-Term Results and Review of
Literature
Authors: Schreiner Anna Janine , Steidle Christoph , Schmidutz Florian , Gonser Christoph , Hemmann Philipp , Stöckle Ulrich , Ochs Gunnar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Periprosthetic fractures Vancouver type B2/B3 after total hip
arthroplasty (THA) is a challenging entity with increasing numbers. Limited data
are available for this type of fracture treated with modular stems. Therefore,
this study evaluated the outcome of Vancouver type B2/B3 fractures treated with
a modular hip revision stem using a subproximal/distal anchorage and compared it
to the current literature.
Materials and Methods A consecutive series of periprosthetic Vancouver
type B2/B3 fractures treated with a modular revision stem was retrospectively
(2013 – 2016) evaluated. Assessment included the clinical (HHS, pain, ROM) as
well as the radiological outcome (subsidence, loosening, facture healing). In
adddition, the surgical technique is described in detail and results are
compared with the current literature.
Results A total of 18 patients (female/male 12/6) with Vancouver B2/B3
(n = 12/6) fractures with a mean age of 75.5 (60 – 89) years were included. The
revision stem was inserted via a modified transgluteal approach (n = 16) or
classical transfemoral approach (n = 2). The mean follow-up was 18.5 months,
with a mean Harris Hip Score of 72.5 ± 18.7 (35.0 – 99.0) points. The fracture
healing rate was 94.4% (n = 17) with osseous integration according to Engh in
all cases. Dislocations of the greater trochanter were recorded in seven
patients (38.9%). According to Beals and Towers, all results were rated
excellent or good. No implant-related failure or relevant subsidence during this
time was observed. Major complications were observed in five patients with two
periprosthetic joint infections and two cases of major revision surgery.
Conclusion This study assessing Vancouver B2/3 fractures shows
reproducible, good, short-term results in terms of subsidence and clinical
functional outcome by the use of a modular revision stem. The transfemoral
approach together with the modular stem allows for a stable fixation and good
fracture healing. However, our data and review of the literature also documents
the difficulties and higher complication rate associated with Vancouver B2/3
fractures.
Comorbidities and Readmissions in Survivors of Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure
Authors: Adler Dan , Cavalot Giulia , Brochard Laurent 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by chronic airflow obstruction, but is presently considered as a complex, heterogeneous, and multicomponent disease in which comorbidities and extrapulmonary manifestations make important contributions to disease expression. COPD-related hospital readmission. In particular frequent intensive care unit (ICU) readmissions for exacerbations represent a major challenge and place a high burden on patient outcomes and health-related quality of life, as well as on the healthcare system.In this narrative review, we first address major and often undiagnosed comorbidities associated with COPD that could have an impact on hospital readmission after an index ICU admission for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Some guidance for treatment is discussed. Second, we present predictors of hospital and ICU readmission and discuss various strategies to reduce such events.There is a strong rationale to detect and treat major comorbidities early after index ICU admission for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. It still remains unclear, however, if a comprehensive and holistic approach to comorbidities in frail patients surviving hypercapnic respiratory failure can efficiently reduce the readmission rate.
Prevention and Management of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Mart Matthew F. , Williams Roberson Shawniqua , Salas Barbara , Pandharipande Pratik P. , Ely E. Wesley 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDelirium is a debilitating form of brain dysfunction frequently encountered in the intensive care unit (ICU). It is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, longer lengths of stay, higher hospital costs, and cognitive impairment that persists long after hospital discharge. Predisposing factors include smoking, hypertension, cardiac disease, sepsis, and premorbid dementia. Precipitating factors include respiratory failure and shock, metabolic disturbances, prolonged mechanical ventilation, pain, immobility, and sedatives and adverse environmental conditions impairing vision, hearing, and sleep. Historically, antipsychotic medications were the mainstay of delirium treatment in the critically ill. Based on more recent literature, the current Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) guidelines suggest against routine use of antipsychotics for delirium in critically ill adults. Other pharmacologic interventions (e.g., dexmedetomidine) are under investigation and their impact is not yet clear. Nonpharmacologic interventions thus remain the cornerstone of delirium management. This approach is summarized in the ABCDEF bundle (Assess, prevent, and manage pain; Both SAT and SBT; Choice of analgesia and sedation; Delirium: assess, prevent, and manage; Early mobility and exercise; Family engagement and empowerment). The implementation of this bundle reduces the odds of developing delirium and the chances of needing mechanical ventilation, yet there are challenges to its implementation. There is an urgent need for ongoing studies to more effectively mitigate risk factors and to better understand the pathobiology underlying ICU delirium so as to identify additional potential treatments. Further refinements of therapeutic options, from drugs to rehabilitation, are current areas ripe for study to improve the short- and long-term outcomes of critically ill patients with delirium.
The dynamics of Twitter users’ gun narratives across major mass shooting events
Authors: Lin Yu-Ru , Chung Wen-Ting 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study reveals a shift of gun-related narratives created by two ideological groups during three high-profile mass shootings in the United States across the years from 2016 to 2018. It utilizes large-scale, longitudinal social media traces from over 155,000 ideology-identifiable Twitter users. The study design leveraged both the linguistic dictionary approach as well as thematic coding inspired by Narrative Policy Framework, which allows for statistical and qualitative comparison. We found several distinctive narrative characteristics between the two ideology groups in response to the shooting events—two groups differed by how they incorporated linguistic and narrative features in their tweets in terms of policy stance, attribution (how one believed to be the problem, the cause or blame, and the solution), the rhetoric employed, and emotion throughout the incidents. The findings suggest how shooting events may penetrate the public discursive processes that had been previously dominated by existing ideological references and may facilitate discussions beyond ideological identities. Overall, in the wake of mass shooting events, the tweets adhering to the majority policy stance within a camp declined, whereas the proportion of mixed or flipped stance tweets increased. Meanwhile, more tweets were observed to express causal reasoning of a held policy stance, and a different pattern in the use of rhetoric schemes, such as the decline of provocative ridicule, emerged. The shifting patterns in users’ narratives coincide with the two groups distinctive emotional response revealed in text. These findings offer insights into the opportunity to reconcile conflicts and the potential for creating civic technologies to improve the interpretability of linguistic and narrative signals and to support diverse narratives and framing.
Family-to-family child migration network of informal adoption in China
Authors: Ma Xueyao , Li Gang , Zhou Junjun , Gao Xing , Nie Qifan , Xue Shuyan , Liu Ling , Wang Jiaobei , Xu Tingting , Jin Annan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHistorically, informal adoption has been a prevalent Chinese social phenomenon that has altered typical family structures and the lives of children. Due to ambiguous definitions and the scarcity of data on informal adoption, the patterns and processes of informal adoption are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, data from commonwealth websites were used to explore the temporal and spatial patterns and network evolution of informal adoption from 1924 to 2018. The results indicate that severe famine and birth control campaigns increased the number of informal adoptions. Son preference was highlighted during the strict implementation of the one-child policy. From a spatial perspective, the data are distributed in provinces and zones with higher population densities. Major cities also play a key role in information transfer. We expect the findings to provide basic knowledge on informal adoption in China and serve as a reference for the protection of children’s rights.
Key comparison EURAMET.PR-K2.a.2011—spectral responsivity in the range of 900 nm to 1600 nm
Authors: Berg Steven van den , Dekker Paul , Harris Subrena , Goodman Teresa , Šmíd Marek , Szajna Grzegorz , Gran Jarle , Andersson Anne , Källberg Stefan , BAZKIR Özcan , MERIC Seval 
Published: August 2020

The Euramet.PR-K2.a comparison on spectral responsivity for the wavelength range 900 nm to 1600 nm, as described in this report, was carried out to establish the degree of equivalence for the participating European laboratories with respect to the Key Comparison Reference Value (KCRV) of the CCPR-K2.a-2003 comparison. Seven laboratories, including pilot and link laboratory, participated. The comparison was piloted by VSL (Netherlands). Both VSL and NPL (UK) act as link laboratories to the CCPR-K2.a-2003 comparison.
Most laboratories show a DoE within 1 % from the CCPR KCRV for almost the full wavelength range, with some slightly larger differences mostly above 1450 nm. One laboratory shows larger deviations, up to 3%.
This report provides an overview of the comparison, a description of the characterization of the reference detectors, the data-analysis, participant results and their uncertainties and the degree of equivalence of participating laboratories with the CCPR KCRV. The full Technical Reports of the participants are included in the Appendix of the comparison report.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCPR, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
All-optical modulation in Black Phosphorus functionalized microfibre coil resonator
Authors: Yin Yu , Li Shi , Ren Jing , Du Yanqiu , Farrell Gerald , Brambilla Gilberto , Wang Pengfei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
All-optical modulation is experimentally demonstrated in a microfibre coil resonator (MCR) functionalized with black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets (BP-MCR). The BP nanosheets is deposited onto microfibre and then microfibre is wrapped on a PMMA rod covered with UV-curable low refractive index polycarbonate (PC) resin. The BP-MCR modulation properties are regulated based on BP absorption, photo-thermal and optical Kerr effects. The resonance wavelength and extinction ratio responsivity to incident pump power can attain ∼0.033 nm mW−1 and ∼0.180 dBm mW−1, while the averaged rising/falling response time is ∼9.58/8.53 ms. The device could find applications as all-optical modulator, optical switch or tunable optical filter.
In situ TEM modification of individual silicon nanowires and their charge transport mechanisms
Authors: Alam Sardar B , Andersen Christopher R , Panciera Federico , Nilausen Aage A S , Hansen Ole , Ross Frances M , Mølhave Kristian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Correlating the structure and composition of nanowires grown by the vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism with their electrical properties is essential for designing nanowire devices. In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that can image while simultaneously measuring the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of individual isolated nanowires is a unique tool for linking changes in structure with electronic transport. Here we grow and electrically connect silicon nanowires inside a TEM to perform in situ electrical measurements on individual nanowires both at high temperature and upon surface oxidation, as well as under ambient conditions. As-grown, the oxide-free nanowires have nonlinear I–V characteristics. We analyse the I–V measurements in terms of both bulk and injection limited transport models, finding Joule heating effects, bulk-limiting effects for thin nanowires and an injection-limiting effect for thick wires when high voltages are applied. When the nanowire surface is modified by in situ oxidation, drastic changes occur in the electronic properties. We investigate the relation between the observed geometry, changes in the surface structure and changes in electronic transport, obtaining information for individual nanowires that is inaccessible to other measuring techniques.
Relationship between the response of microscopic and magnetic properties with highly uniform dispersion of carbonyl iron particles in magnetorheological polyurethane foam
Authors: Norhaniza Rizuan , Mazlan Saiful Amri , Abdul Aziz Siti Aishah , Ubaidillah  , Nordin Nur Azmah , Muhazeli Noor Sahirah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Magnetorheological (MR) foam, which is comprised of magnetic particles inside the matrix phase, is capable of changing its physical and rheological properties corresponding to the applied magnetic field. However, the performance of this material seems unsatisfactory due to the nonuniform distribution of magnetic particles throughout the composite area resulting in uneven magnetic properties. Since uniform magnetic properties are significant regarding MR foam, in situ fabrication using a polyvinyl chloride mould can be used to achieve the targetted improvement. MR foam was prepared with various amounts of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs), 0, 35, 45 and 55 wt%, and investigated at three different positions (top, middle and bottom parts) with a vibration sample magnetometer. The results showed that the hysteresis loop at all CIP concentrations of 35, 45 and 55 wt% exhibited superparamagnetic properties with magnetic saturation. The M

s
of the top, middle and bottom positions were almost the same with a small standard deviation below 2 Am2 kg–1. Moreover, it is observed that the effect of porosity results in the enhancement of the magnetic saturation and remanence values. These results reveal the promising uniform magnetic properties of MR foam, which can benefit the industry by helping produce a consistent MR foam.
Development of an MEMS ultrasonic microphone array system and its application to compressed wavefield imaging of concrete
Authors: Song Homin , Park Jongwoong , Popovics John S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although contactless ultrasonic wavefield imaging shows potential for effective nondestructive inspection of various engineering materials, it has been rarely applied to concrete materials owing to technical challenges including low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) caused by inherent heterogeneity of concrete. This paper presents development of a multi-channel MEMS ultrasonic microphone array system and its application to compressed wavefield imaging of concrete materials. The developed multi-channel MEMS ultrasonic microphone array system contains eight MEMS ultrasonic microphone elements and a signal conditioning circuit that enables measurements of ultrasonic signals with high SNR. A compressed sensing approach, based on the multiple measurement vector (MMV) concept, is applied to reconstruct a full dense ultrasonic wavefield data from sparsely sampled ultrasonic wavefield data. Experiments are carried out on a laboratory concrete sample to verify the performance of the developed MEMS microphone array system and proposed compressed sensing approach and then large-scale concrete samples to demonstrate practical application. The experimental results demonstrate that the developed MEMS microphone array system provides high-quality (SNR > 20 dB) ultrasonic data collected from concrete elements; furthermore, the proposed compressed sensing approach provides accurate reconstruction of dense wavefield data, as determined by peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), from sparsely measured wavefield data with compression ratios up to 85% and PSNR above 25 dB in data collected form realistic large-scale concrete samples. By combining the MEMS array system and compressed sensing approach, the total ultrasonic data acquisition time needed to produce dense wavefield data can be significantly reduced.
S wave resonance *
Authors: Garcilazo H. , Valcarce A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We use an existing model of the

three-body system based on two-body separable interactions to study the

three-body channel. For the

,

, and

amplitudes, we have constructed separable potentials based on the most recent results of the HAL QCD Collaboration. They are characterized by the existence of a resonance just below or above the

threshold in the H-dibaryon channel,

. A three-body resonance appears 2.3 MeV above the

threshold. We show that if the

H-dibaryon channel is not considered, the

S wave resonance disappears. Thus, the possible existence of a

resonance would be sensitive to the

interaction. The existence or nonexistence of this resonance could be evidenced by measuring, for example, the

cross section.