bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastasectomy for melanoma is associated with improved overall survival in responders to targeted molecular or immunotherapy
Authors: Medina Benjamin D. , Choi Beatrix Hyemin , Rodogiannis Kathy G. , Moran Una , Shapiro Richard L. , Pavlick Anna , Osman Iman , Berman Russell S. , Lee Ann Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMetastasectomy for melanoma provides durable disease control in carefully selected patients. Similarly, BRAF‐targeted and immune checkpoint inhibition has improved median overall survival (OS) in metastatic patients. We hypothesized that there is an increasing role for metastasectomy in melanoma patients responding to these therapies.MethodsRetrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database identified 128 patients with stage IV melanoma who received targeted molecular and/or checkpoint inhibitors at an academic institution from 2006 to 2017. Records were reviewed to characterize clinicopathologic characteristics, response to treatment, and intent of surgery for those who underwent metastasectomy. OS was analyzed by the Kaplan‐Meier method.ResultsMedian OS from stage IV diagnosis was 31.3 months. A total of 81 patients received checkpoint inhibitors, 11 received targeted inhibitors, and 36 received both. A total of 73 patients underwent metastasectomy. Indications for surgery included the intent to render disease‐free (54%), palliation (34%), and diagnostic confirmation (11%). Responders to systemic therapy who underwent metastasectomy had improved OS compared to responders who did not (84.3 vs. 42.9 months, P = .018).ConclusionsMetastasectomy for melanoma is associated with improved OS in patients that respond to targeted molecular or immunotherapy. Resection should be strongly considered in this cohort as multimodality treatment results in excellent OS.
MicroRNA‐383 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting PHF8
Authors: Cheng Yan , Liu Na , Yang CaiFeng , Jiang Jiong , Zhao Juhui , Zhao Gang , Chen Fenrong , Zhao Hongli , Li Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo study the effect of microRNA‐383 (miR‐383) on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and explore its mechanism.MethodsThe expressions of miR‐383 and plant homology domain that refers to protein 8 (PHF8) were detected in tissues and cells by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) or western blot respectively. The miR‐383 group (transfected miR‐383 mimics), miR‐con group (transfected miR‐con), si‐con group (transfected si‐con), si‐PHF8 group (transfected si‐PHF8), miR‐383 + ctrl group (cotransfected miR‐383 mimics and pcDNA‐3.1), miR‐383 + PHF8 group (cotransfected miR‐383 mimics and pcDNA‐3.1‐PHF8) were transfected into HepG2 cells by liposome method. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were measured by 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) or trans‐well assays respectively. The luciferase activity of each group was detected by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.ResultsCompared with normal adjacent tissues, the expression of miR‐383 was significantly down‐regulated and the expression of PHF8 was significantly up‐regulated (p < .05). Compared with normal hepatocellular cell LO2, the expression of miR‐383 was significantly reduced (p < .05) in HCC cells. Moreover, overexpression of miR‐383 or silencing of PHF8 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. In addition, PHF8 was targeted by miR‐383 and its restoration rescued the inhibitory effect of miR‐383 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells.ConclusionmiR‐383 could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells by targeting PHF8, which will provide a basis for miR‐383 targeted therapy for HCC.
Circularly polarized defected ground stub‐matched triple‐band microstrip antenna for C‐ and X‐band applications
Authors: Srivastava Karunesh , Mishra Brijesh , Patel Ankit Kumar , Singh Rajeev 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article embodies the design and analysis of a novel triple‐band single‐fed circularly polarized (CP) antenna for C‐ and X‐band applications. The proposed antenna covers downlink frequency of C band (3.7‐4.2 GHz) and X band (7.25‐7.3 GHz) for satellite applications. The antenna radiator comprises of F‐shape radiating patch with 50 Ω microstrip feed line. The square strips, slit, and rectangular stub/perturbation are used on the ground plane for achieving the three CP bands. The proposed antenna has −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 50.6% (3.46‐5.71 GHz), 11.8% (6.88‐7.73 GHz), 5.02% (10.84‐11.40 GHz), and 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth of 11.4% (4.67‐5.24 GHz), 3.02% (7.17‐7.39 GHz), and 10.16% (10.84‐11.15 GHz). The peak gain across the axial ratio bands (4.67‐5.24 GHz, 7.17‐7.39 GHz, and 10.84‐11.15 GHz) are 6.23, 2.07, and 2.11 dBi observed, respectively. The antenna is designed on FR4‐epoxy substrate with an overall volume of (0.53λ0 × 0.53λ0 × 0.02λ0 mm3) at a design frequency of 5 GHz. The simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna have been validated and minor deviation (2.2%, 0.13%, and 0.02% at center frequencies of 4.6, 7.31, and 11.12 GHz, respectively) between simulated and measured results has been observed.
Improving isolation of dual‐polarized antenna arrays using phase difference
Authors: Choi Hwan‐Gi , Choi Hak‐Keun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a dual‐polarized antenna that can be used in the 1.7‐2.17 GHz band is proposed. The proposed antenna is a dual‐polarized antenna with parasitic element; it has improved isolation property. The isolation of antenna arrays appears as a synthesis of the isolation of single element and the isolation of adjacent element. The isolation of the antenna array was improved by placing a parasitic element in front of the element so that the isolation signal of a single element and the isolation signal of the adjacent element would cancel each other out. The proposed antenna has a return loss of −15.4 dB or less and an isolation of 31.25 dB or more in the service band, and a gain of 10.87 dBi or higher in the measurement frequency. The proposed antenna is expected to be usable as a dual‐polarized antenna.
Bringing True Colors to MicroLED Displays
Authors: Steinel Tobias , Wolf Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough microLED displays are a promising technology, they pose new challenges for metrology. Here, two authors from Instrument Systems show how an imaging light measurement device made of a 150‐megapixel RGB sensor and a high‐end spectroradiometer can provide faster and more accurate microLED measurements.
ONE‐DAY SYMPOSIUM EXPLORES EMERGING DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Kykta Martin , Baron Peter , Iboshi Larry , Abileah Adi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNow in its 15th year, the Los Angeles Chapter's One‐Day Symposium has long been viewed as a can't‐miss event for technical learning. Here, we round up highlights from the 2020 conference held February 21, in Costa Mesa, California.
The Mitigating Effect of Phentermine and Topiramate on Weight Regain After Roux‐en‐Y Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Istfan Nawfal W. , Anderson Wendy A. , Hess Donald T. , Yu Liqun , Carmine Brian , Apovian Caroline M. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveWeight regain (WR) after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) starts to occur 2 years after surgery, ultimately affecting at least 25% of patients. A limited number of studies have evaluated the impact of antiobesity medications (AOMs) on this phenomenon.MethodsThis study reviewed the electronic medical records of 1,196 patients who underwent RYGB between 2004 and 2015. WR was evaluated by comparing each patient’s weight during subsequent postoperative office visits to nadir weight (lowest weight after RYGB, n = 760), taking into consideration the interval during which WR occurred. Patients who were prescribed AOMs and came to follow‐up visits were classified as adherent users, whereas those who missed their follow‐up visits were considered nonadherent. This study used a linear mixed model, Cox regression, and generalized equation estimator to determine the impact of AOMs on WR trajectory, hazard ratio for time to event, and odds ratio for repeated event occurrence, respectively.ResultsDespite the lack of a unified protocol for using AOMs, the three statistical models converged to show that phentermine and topiramate, used individually or in combination, can significantly reduce WR after RYGB.ConclusionsPhentermine and topiramate are effective in mitigating WR after RYGB. Further studies are needed to help ascertain optimal use of AOMs after bariatric surgery.
Prenatal evaluation and postnatal outcomes of fetal ovarian cysts
Authors: Chen Lu , Hu Ying , Hu Chanchan , Wen Hong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo evaluate the natural history and outcome of cases of fetal ovarian cyst under conservative prenatal treatment.A retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with fetal ovarian cysts was conducted between January 2008 to December 2016. Data including clinical data, sonographic feature and postnatal outcomes were obtained.One hundred and two cases were included for statistical analysis. The rate of spontaneous resolution was significantly higher among cases with simple than complex cysts (70/92 or 76.1% vs 2/10 or 20%, P < .01) and for cysts <4 cm than cysts ≥4 cm (50/56 or 89.3% vs 22/46 or 47.8%, P < .01). Ovarian torsion was confirmed in 5/102 (4.9%) cases; neither prenatal characteristics of cysts (complex: 2/10 or 20% vs simple: 3/92 or 3.3%, P = .07), nor their size (≥40 mm: 4/46 or 8.7% vs < 40 mm: 1/56 or 1.8%, P = .17) was predictive for ovarian torsion. 25/102 (24.5%) of cysts change in size or sonographic characteristics prenatally. Half of the complex cysts at the last prenatal scan are not ovarian in origin. 98/102 neonates (96.1%) were able to preserve both ovaries.Spontaneous resolution of ovarian cysts is predicted by cyst size and characteristics, whereas likelihood of torsion cannot be predicted.
Co‐creating better healthcare experiences for First Nations children and youth: The FIRST approach emerges from Two‐Eyed seeing
Authors: Latimer Margot , Sylliboy John R. , Francis Julie , Amey Sharon , Rudderham Sharon , Finley G. Allen. , MacLeod Emily , Paul Kara 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo achieve health, Indigenous people seek a life that balances mental, spiritual, emotional, and physical wellness, yet the scope of these four dimensions is not typically considered in the Western‐based health system. Indigenous people experience ongoing pain and hurt in all these dimensions as a result of a colonial legacy that persists in current‐day policy and care contexts. Exploring ways to support Indigenous people to embrace ways of being well and reducing chronic pain has not been a priority area in health research. This community‐based, qualitative study in four First Nations communities involved conversation sessions with 188 First Nations children, youth, parents, and Elders and 32 professionals who practice in those communities. The purpose was to gather perspectives related to pain expression, care experiences, and the strategies to improve the healthcare encounter. Thematic analysis was used to identify a more culturally thoughtful approach for clinicians to consider when First Nations people seek care. Two‐Eyed Seeing consisting of four iterative steps was used to co‐create the FIRST approach validating for community members that their perspectives were heard and providing a clinical approach for culturally safe practices with children, youth, and families. An overarching theme in the results was a clearer understanding about how pain and hurt translate into participants' health experiences and their desire to have their knowledge reflected in their health care. Participants describe experiencing pain and hurt in all four dimensions of health and from a historical, cultural, and spiritual identity, as well as from a community, family, and individual perspective. The FIRST approach captures Indigenous knowledge relating to Family, Information, Relationship, Safe‐Space, and Two‐Eyed treatment in the healthcare encounter. Considerations of this approach in clinical practice could enhance respectful and trusting relationships, knowledge exchange for better care experiences, and potentially improvement of culturally sensitive outcomes for Indigenous people.
Effect of the topology on the antibacterial activity of cationic polythioether synthesized by all‐click chemistry
Authors: Zheng Yaochen , Liu Jian , Guo Yan , Zhang Qian , Gao Xuan , Gao Zhengguo , He Tao , Ban Qingfu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCationic compounds often serve as antibacterial materials for a wide range of applications. However, the relationship of topology−antibacterial activity has been rarely revealed. Herein, three cationic polythioethers (CPTEs) with hyperbranched topologies are well designed and facilely synthesized via an all‐click chemistry strategy (including thiol‐ene and epoxy‐amine additions). These as‐prepared CPTEs were found to exhibited outstanding antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentrations against E. coli of 7.3, 14.6, and 14.6 μg ml−1, and against S. aureus of 14.6, 29.2, and 29.2 μg ml−1, respectively. The antibacterial activity is coincident with their degree of branching (DB, their DB values of 0.81, 0.48, and 0.27), which is mainly attributed to the inherent three‐dimensional structure. The present strategy reveals the relationship of polymer topology and antibacterial activity, providing a novel possibility for designing and/or synthesis of high‐efficiency antibacterial agents.
An apple a day won't keep the doctor away: presentation, treatment, and outcome in pediatric apple aspirations
Authors: Zychlinsky Scharff Anna , Schwerk Nicolaus , Baumann Ulrich , Burmester Helen , Carlens Julia , Dopfer Christian , Grewendorf Simon , Mueller Carsten , Schütz Katharina , Voelker Marc , Hansen Gesine , Happle Christine , Wetzke Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionForeign body (FB) aspiration is a frequent and preventable source of morbidity and mortality, especially in children under 4 years of age. Few comprehensive studies exist on presentation and outcome of apple aspirations in children.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis of bronchoscopy records of a tertiary medical care center from January 2007 to August 2019, we identified pediatric cases of suspected apple aspirations.ResultsA total of 11 suspected apple aspirations were identified (observation time 12.7 years, n = 5858 bronchoscopies, n = 226 interventions due to suspected FB aspirations in total). The mean age of patients was 24 months (standard error mean, 7 months; range, 8‐83 months), and 6 out of 11 cases (55%) were male. Bronchoscopy confirmed apple aspiration in n = 6/11 cases (55%). In n = 2/11 cases (18%), a bite of the apple was located in the esophagus causing significant tracheal narrowing, and in n = 3/11 cases (27%), no FB was found. In all cases of airway FB identification, extraction was successful. Hypersalivation was associated with esophageal FB location, whereas persistent cough, stridor, or dyspnea were associated with airway FB location. Outcomes ranged from complete reconstitution 1 day after bronchoscopy in most cases to hypoxemia with severe brain damage in one patient.DiscussionThis analysis shows that apple aspirations are not entirely uncommon in children and may lead to disastrous complications. Typical signs of airway location are persistent cough, stridor or dyspnea, whereas hypersalivation may point toward an esophageal location. In each case of suspected apple aspiration, timely bronchoscopy with possible FB extraction should be performed by an experienced team.
A Novel Physiologically Based Model of Creatinine Renal Disposition to Integrate Current Knowledge of Systems Parameters and Clinical Observations
Authors: Scotcher Daniel , Arya Vikram , Yang Xinning , Zhao Ping , Zhang Lei , Huang Shiew‐Mei , Rostami‐Hodjegan Amin , Galetin Aleksandra 
Published: May 2020

Creatinine is the most common clinical biomarker of renal function. As a substrate for renal transporters, its secretion is susceptible to inhibition by drugs, resulting in transient increase in serum creatinine and false impression of damage to kidney. Novel physiologically based models for creatinine were developed here and (dis)qualified in a stepwise manner until consistency with clinical data. Data from a matrix of studies were integrated, including systems data (common to all models), proteomics‐informed in vitro–in vivo extrapolation of all relevant transporter clearances, exogenous administration of creatinine (to estimate endogenous synthesis rate), and inhibition of different renal transporters (11 perpetrator drugs considered for qualification during creatinine model development and verification on independent data sets). The proteomics‐informed bottom‐up approach resulted in the underprediction of creatinine renal secretion. Subsequently, creatinine‐trimethoprim clinical data were used to inform key model parameters in a reverse translation manner, highlighting best practices and challenges for middle‐out optimization of mechanistic models.
The effect of solid‐phase composition on the drying behavior of Markermeer sediment
Authors: Barciela‐Rial Maria , van Paassen Leon A. , Griffioen Jasper , van Kessel Thijs , Winterwerp Johan C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe studied the drying behavior of slurries of Markermeer sediments in the Netherlands having different solid compositions. Natural processes such as sand–mud segregation and oxidation of organic matter were mimicked to analyze the effect of changes in sediment composition. Evaporation experiments were performed with soft slurry samples using the Hyprop setup. Soil water retention curves (SWRCs) and hydraulic conductivity curves (HCCs) were determined as a function of the water ratio (WR, defined as volume of water/volume of solids). The sediment remained close to saturation until the end of the experiments. The Atterberg limits reduced significantly after sediment treatment involving drying at 50 °C, rewetting, and chemical oxidation. Furthermore, the oxidized sediment lost capacity to retain water. The SWRCs of sandy and oxidized clays were steeper, and fine‐textured sediments showed large water ratios. At low matric suctions, the water retention capacity of the upper sediment samples containing more labile organic matter was larger than that of the sediment underneath. Clear correlations were found between van Genuchten parameters and the degree of degradation of the organic matter. The hydraulic conductivity of fine‐textured samples with less labile organics was larger. The results give insight into the drying behavior of Markermeer sediment, currently used to build wetlands.
Impact of AnMBR operating conditions on anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge
Authors: Dagnew Martha , Parker Wayne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe impact of solids retention time (SRT) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on anaerobic digestion of thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) in a pilot‐scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was compared with that achieved in conventional anaerobic digestions (CD). The AnMBR was able to successfully digest municipal TWAS at HRTs ranging from 7 to 15 days and SRTs ranging from 15 to 30 days. Increasing SRT in the AnMBR resulted in a significant improvement in COD and VS removal efficiency when compared against CD operating at the same HRT. The VS and COD destructions (35%–50%) observed in the AnMBR were similar to those observed in CD operating at the same SRT but longer HRTs. Operation at elevated ratios of SRT/HRT resulted in the production of a thickened biosolid (2%–3% TS). Specific methane production values for AnMBR operating at HRT‐SRT ratios of 15–30, 7–30, and 7–15 were 0.19, 0.19, and 0.14 m3 CH4/kg of COD fed, respectively, showing a 25% increase in methane production with SRT. A model based upon describing hydrolysis of biodegradable solids using first‐order kinetics was able to describe VS destruction as a function of SRT.Practitioner points

The AnMBR process was able to successfully digest waste activated sludge at a shorter seven‐day HRTs

Operation at elevated ratios of SRT/HRT resulted in enhanced biogas and thickened biosolid (2%–3% TS) production requiring reduced downstream processing

The AnMBR process produces a particle‐free permeate that might be suitable for side stream nutrient recovery

A model developed by considering hydrolysis as a limiting process can be used to determine design SRTs.
Nanotechnology's application in Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Pan Wen , Zheng Xueying , Chen Guiyuan , Su Lanhong , Luo Sihui , Wang Wei , Ye Shandong , Weng Jianping , Min Yuanzeng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune system attacking islet cells. T1D, with a long prediabetes period, and the incidence of T1D increases with age during childhood and peaks at 10–14 years. And once it gets overt, it requires lifelong insulin replace treatment. Therefore, the diagnosis of early‐stage T1D and effective treatments are important for the management of T1D patients. The imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and so on, were applied in diagnosis of the early stage T1D and its development tracking. The addition of nanomaterials, especially in MRI, can improve the quality of T1D imaging for the diagnosis of T1D at early stage and cause less harm to human body. Meantime, among various treatment options, islet transplantation and immunotherapy are promising, effective, and less independent on insulin. The addition of nanotechnology can effectively reduce the attack of the immune system on drugs and cells, making the therapeutic drug more targeted in the body and prolonging the action time between drugs and cells, thus its addition makes these therapy safer and more efficient. In this review, we attempt to summarize the recent advances in the development of nanotechnology advances of T1D including using nanomaterials for the diagnosis and immunological imaging of T1D, protecting the transplanted islet cells from immune system attack, and delivering relevant molecules to targeted immunocytes.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement
Outlook on a New University Landscape in 2030
Authors: Orr Dominic , Luebcke Maren , Schmidt J. Philipp , Ebner Markus , Wannemacher Klaus , Ebner Martin , Dohmen Dieter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Reflecting the change in perspective taken in this book, our survey put questions about institutional support, governance, quality assurance or financial issues aside. Moreover, digitization is not only a technical innovation but always a social one as well. This fundamental change of perspective leads to questions such as “What does the learner need?” that universities will have to face in the future. Within the survey, international experts were requested to assess the quantitative success of the different learning pathways, distributing current and future students among the four models. Unsurprisingly, the “new” learning paths were expected to become more important, although the actual prospective importance of these learning paths will depend on the supply and demand for academic studies, allowing decision-makers to rethink the educational designs based on the AHEAD modeling.