PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA Management of Capture fisheries in the Area of Karimunjawa National Park
Authors: Santi Yulia , Anggoro Sutrisno , Suryanti Suryanti 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAKPerikanan tangkap di kawasan Taman Nasional Karimunjawa dikelola oleh lebih dari satu instansipengelola. Setiap instansi diduga mempunyai peran masing- masing sesuai tupoksinya. Saat ini belum diketahui secara nyata instansi apa saja yang mengelola beserta perannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi instansi pengelola yang berperan dalam pengelolaan perikanan tangkap di kawasan TNKJ, persepsi, aspirasi dan partisipasi nelayan terhadap pengelolaan perikanan tangkap serta bagaimana strategi pengelola dalam pengawasan perikanan tangkap. Metode penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan analisis deskriptif, dimana pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi pustaka. Penentuan responden menggunakan metode purposive sampling, responden terdiri dari nelayan dan instansi pengelola. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa instansi yang mengelola perikanan tangkap adalah Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Karimunjawa, Balai Taman Nasional Karimunjawa, Dinas Perikanan, Polisi Air dan Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut dan Satuan Kerja Pengawasan Sumberdaya Kelautan dan Perikanan. Pembagian peran masing- masing instansi pengelola sudah sesuai dengan bidang masing-masing serta tidak terjadi tumpang tindih kewenangan. Sinkronisasi dan koordinasi sudah dilakukan, hal ini terbukti dengan adanya Nota Kesepakatan Bersama. Sebanyak 80% nelayan setuju dengan peraturan yang diterapkan. Partisipasi nelayan terhadap sosialisasi dan pelatihan rendah yaitu 35% dan 19%. Strategi pengelola dalam pengawasan perikanan tangkap adalah dengan membentuk dan memberdayakan Pengawas Perikanan dan Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas secara sinergi. Strategi untuk meningkatkan partisipasi nelayan dalam sosialisasi dan pelatihan adalah dengan memberikan penyadaran motivasi dan apresiasi berupa penghargaan dan pendampingan. ABSTRACTCapture fisheries in Karimunjawa National Park are managed by more than one management institutions. Each institution is assumed to have their respective roles according to their basic tasks andfunctions. It is not yet known exactly what institutions are managing along with their roles. The purposes of this study were to know what institutions were involved in the management of capture fisheries in TNKJ areas, perceptions, aspirations and participation of fishermen on the management of capture fisheries and how the management strategy in the supervision of capture fisheries. This research method was case study with descriptive analysis, where data collected by interview and literature study. Determination of respondents used purposive sampling method, respondents consist of fishermen and manager institution. The results showed that the institutions that managed capture fisheries were Technical Implementation Unit Karimunjawa Fishery Port, Karimunjawa National Park Office, Fisheries Official, Water Police and Indonesian National Army – Navy and Work Unit of Supervision of Marine and Fisheries Resources. The division of roles of each institution agency was in accordance with their respective fields and there was no overlapping authority. Synchronization and coordination had been done, it was proved by the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). As many as 80% of fishermen agree with the regulations applied. The participations of fishermen on socialization and training were low at 35% and 19%. The management strategies in the supervision of capture fisheries were by establishing and empowering Fisheries Supervisor and a group of supervisor community (PokMasWas). The strategies to increase the participation of fishermen in socialization and training were by giving awareness of motivation and appreciation in the form of recognition and assistance.