bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gums from Indigenous Plants of Iran: A Review on Physicochemical, Rheological and Functional Properties
Authors: Ebrahimi Behzad , Rad Aziz H. , Ghanbarzadeh Babak 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Recently, public interests have increased to study novel and vernacular
polysaccharides due to their various uses, especially in food formulations as well as pharmaceuticals
and herbal medicines. Plant-based gums are commercially produced from a large number of plants
that include complex polysaccharides.

Scope and Approach:
he present study has summarized physicochemical, rheological and functional
properties of tragacanth, basil seed and balangu gums from indigenous plants of Iran.

Conclusion:
The results of this review study demonstrate that the highlighted gums are commonly
used as dietary fibers, thickening agents, emulsifiers, stabilizers and drug delivery agents. The general
appearance of gums varies from dark-brown to whitish in color. At various concentrations, pH
and ionic strengths, aqueous dispersions show great variations in their rheological behavior. In conclusion,
industrial applications of these gums are possible as a result of their strong thickening properties.
Additionally, significant surface activity and emulsification capacity enable their application
in the food, pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic industries.
Design and Synthesis of New Antifungals Based on N-Un-substituted Azoles as 14α Demethylase Inhibitor
Authors: Davood Asghar , Rahimi Aneseh , Iman Maryam , Azerang Parisa , Sardari Soroush , Mahboubi Arash 
Published: February 2020

Objective(s):
Azole antifungal agents, which are widely used as antifungal antibiotics, inhibit
cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51). Nearly all azole antifungal agents are Nsubstituted
azoles. In addition, an azolylphenalkyl pharmacophore is uniquely shared by all azole
antifungals. Due to the importance of nitrogen atom of azoles (N-3 of imidazole and N-4 of triazole)
in coordination with heme in the binding site of the enzyme, here a group of N- un-substituted
azoles in which both nitrogen are un-substituted was reported.

Materials and Methods:
Designed compounds were synthesized by reaction of imidazole-4-carboxaldehyde with appropriate arylamines and subsequently reduced to desired amine derivatives. Antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cervisiae were done using a broth micro-dilution assay. Docking studies were done using AutoDock.

Results:
Antimicrobial evaluation revealed that some of these compounds exhibited moderate antimicrobial
activities against tested pathogenic fungi, wherein compounds 3, 7, and 8 were potent.
Docking studies propose that all of the prepared azoles interacted with 14α-DM, wherein azoleheme
coordination played the main role in drug-receptor interaction.

Conclusion:
Our results offer some useful references for molecular design performance or modification
of this series of compounds as a lead compound to discover new and potent antimicrobial agents.
Orofacial Functions and Chewing Effiency in Elderly Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Rehabilitated with Removable Prostheses
Authors: Massimo Corsalini , Biagio Rapone , Giovanni Cagnetta , Massimo Carossa , Pasquale Sportelli , Andrea De Giacomo , Alessandra Laforgia , Daniela Di Venere 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. It is one of the movement disorders that can affect oro-facial conditions. It is more common in the elderly, having an average age of onset of around 60 years.

Objective:

The aim was to study orofacial functions in patients suffering from PD with partial or total edentulism, wearing removable prostheses.

Methods:

Forty-eight (48) elders, rehabilitated with removable dentures, were included: 24 patients suffering from Parkinson's disease constitute the Study Group (SG), and 24 subjects not suffering from Parkinson's disease or neurological degenerative diseases represent the Control Group (CG).
In SG, the severity of Parkinson's disease was assessed according to the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating objective motor scale III, and oro-facial dysfunctions were evaluated using Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S). The duration of the use of dental prostheses expressed in years has been reported. In both the groups, the subjective chewing index for the analysis of masticatory ability and the two-color chewing gum test for the analysis of masticatory efficiency were conducted .

Results:
There was a statistically significant difference between the SG and CG compared to the NOT-S (P = 0.001).
Analyzing the study group, a statistically significant correlation was found between the masticatory efficiency and prosthetic years of use (rs = 0.436; P <0.05); instead, no statistically significant correlation was found between the masticatory efficiency and the severity of Parkinson's disease.

Conclusion:

In our study, we did not find differences between SG and CG in terms of the degree of masticatory efficiency; therefore, only a correlation between the duration of use of dental prostheses and the degree of masticatory efficiency was found.
Phytochemicals from Citrus Limon Juice as Potential Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Singh Nitika , Jaiswal Jyotsna , Tiwari Priyanka , Sharma Bechan 
Published: February 2020

Background:Citrus limon(lemon) belongs to the Rutaceae family and has great therapeutic applications. The chemical ingredients ofC. limonhave been used in the formulation of several ethnic herbal medicines. The application of antibiotics has shown the development of drug resistance in antibacterial drugs. Due to the drug-resistant nature of microorganisms, there is an urgent need to develop a novel drug active against wildtype and MDR resistant strains of pathogens.Aim:The present study is an endeavor to characterize the juice ofC. limontowards its total antioxidants potential activity (FRAP), DPPH and antibacterial efficacy.Methods and Materials:The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using different bacterial species such asSalmonella typhi, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Citrobacter species, Shigella flexneriandStaphylococcus epidermidis.Results:The results of the present study indicated the antibacterial potential ofC. limonfruit juice. Among the tested bacterial species,Shigella flexneridisplayed maximum inhibition followed by the other microbes such asStaphylococcus epidermidis, Citrobacter speciesandSalmonella typhi.Conclusion:These findings may be utilized in the development of cost effective, safe and efficient novel drugs active against several pathogenic multi drug-resistant microorganisms.
Hotspot Mutations in DICER1 Causing GLOW Syndrome-Associated Macrocephaly via Modulation of Specific microRNA Populations Result in the Activation of PI3K/ATK/mTOR Signaling
Authors: Klein Steven D. , Martinez-Agosto Julian A. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
We have previously described mosaic mutations in the RNase IIIb domain
of DICER1that display global developmental delays, lung cysts, somatic overgrowth, macrocephaly
and Wilms tumor. This constellation of phenotypes was classified as GLOW syndrome. Due to the
phenotypic overlap between GLOW and syndromes caused by mutations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR
pathway, we hypothesized that alterations in miRNA regulation of this pathway cause its specific
constellation of phenotypes.

Objective:
To test the hypothesis that DICER1 “hot spot” mutations associated with GLOW syndrome
activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.

Methods:
We developed HEK293T cells with loss of exon 25 in DICER1, a genetic modification that
is synonymous with the “hot spot” RNAseIIIb mutations that cause GLOW syndrome. We assayed
the cells for activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Results:
We observed activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway as demonstrated by increased
pS6Kinase, p4EBP1 and pTSC2 levels. Additionally, these cells demonstrate a striking cellular phenotype,
with the ability to form spheres when the serum is removed from their growth medium. The
cells in these spheres are Oct4 and Sox2 positive and exhibit the property of reversion with the addition
of serum. We queried miRNA expression data and identified a population of miRNAs that increase
due to these mutations and target negative regulators of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Conclusions:
This work identifies the delicate and essential role for miRNA control of the
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. We conclude that the phenotypes observed in the GLOW syndrome are
the result of PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation.
Evaluation of the Antidepressant Like Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Calendula officinalis using Rodent Models (Wistar Rat) of Depression
Authors: Rajwinder Kaur , Singh Rajmeet , Lalit  , Jaswinder Kaur , Rajat  
Published: February 2020

Background:Depression disorder has been considered to be the global common psychological CNS disorder affecting about 121 million people worldwide and is among the leading causes of disability that not only inflicts suffering but also carries a high economic burden. Calendula officinalis L. (Marigold) is globally known for its medicinal importance containing various phytochemicals including terpenoids, quinones, coumarins and other constituents, showing some important biological activities like immuno-stimulant, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, etc. activities with no toxic effect.Objective:This study aims to evaluate the antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of Calendula officinalis using rodent models (Wistar rat) of depression.Material and methods:The present study was carried out to evaluate the antidepressant effect of ethanolic extract of Calendula officinalis in Wistar rat. This effect was determined by recording the immobility time in Forced Swim Test (FST) and a number of squares crossing and rearing in Open Field Test (OFT). The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Rats belonged to group 1 act as control group and group 2 were given Imipramine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) which act as standard group.Wistar rats were treated i.p. with Ethanolic extract of Calendula officinalis group 3, 4 and 5 were given 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg respectively.Results:The effect of rat model of depression i.e. Forced Swim Test (FST) and Open Field Test (OFT) model indicated that Ethanolic extract of Calendula officinalis showed potent to moderate antidepressant effect (decrease in immobility time and increase in number of square crossing and rearing) as compared to normal group. The drug might act as monoamine oxidase inhibitors.Conclusion:Taken all together, the present study concluded that the drug EECO was to exert antidepressant effects by inhibiting the monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) reaction, which is responsible for the regulation of the metabolism of the neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the brain. This drug might act as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO-inhibitors) hence may increase the levels of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin; and decrease the levels of GABA in the brain.
The Interactions Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Major Depression: Role of Ca2+ Channel Blockers and Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro Bueno 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The interactions between Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and major depression
can be translated into clinical data showing that depressive patients have had an enhanced risk for
developing AD (later in life). The cellular mechanisms involved in these interactions remain under
intensive debate in the literature. In addition, the role of a Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation in the
pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, like AD, and major depression has been under intensive
discussion.

Objective:
Thus, revealing the interplay between AD and major depression may provide novel insights
into the pathogenesis of these diseases.

Methods:
Publications involving Ca2+ signalling pathways, AD, and major depression (alone or
combined) were collected by searching multiple databases to find the maximum number of relevant
citations (using a search strategy with high sensitivity for studies of etiology).

Results:
Ca2+ Channel Blockers (CCBs), classically prescribed for hypertensive patients, have been
demonstrating neuroprotective effects, such as decreasing the incidence of AD in hypertensive patients,
including alleviating major depression symptoms. A mechanism under debate is focused on the restoration
of the Ca2+ homeostasis. Indeed, previous studies of our own have correlated Ca2+ and cAMP signalling
pathways (Ca2+/cAMP signalling) in controlling both the neurotransmitter release and neuronal
death. These studies also observed that CCBs can affect Ca2+/cAMP signalling.

Conclusion:
This review discussed the plausible role of Ca2+/cAMP signalling in the neuroprotective
effects of CCBs, including the participation of Ca2+/cAMP signalling in the interactions between
major depression and AD. Considering both AD and major depression have become highly
prevalent medical problems in the world, the comprehension of the interactions between these diseases
could improve drug development.
KEPENTINGAN POLITIK MASYUMI DALAM TAFSIR ANNUR KARYA TENGKU MUHAMMAD HASBI ASHSHIDDIEQY
Authors: Rahman Abd , Wulandari Suci 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to look at aspects of Masyumi's political interests that sparked the spirit of the Islamic State in Annur's interpretation of Hasbi Ashshiddieqy. Using the socio-political analysis approach this study shows that Hasbi's interpretation in Annisa (4): 58-59 carries the political interests of the Masyumi which is aspired to the Islamic State. In this case Hasbi interprets that meant by ulu alamr in this verse is ahl halli wa alaqdi, the legislatif and eksekutif leaders according to the constitution at that time. Although carrying Islam as the basis of the state, Hasbi did not reject the meeting of Islamic teachings and Pancasila within the framework of the nation state. The interests carried by Hasbi are inseparable from his role as a reformist figure and Masyumi's representative in the constituents. This also confirms that a product of interpretation cannot be completely separated from the interests of the interpreter, it can even be a reflection of the political interests of its time
Individual Analysts' Stock Recommendations, Earnings Forecasts, and the Informativeness of Conference Call Question and Answer Sessions
Authors: Mayew William J. , Sethuraman Mani , Venkatachalam Mohan 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
This paper deepens our understanding of the anatomy of an earnings conference call. Prior research indicates that, on average, analysts providing bullish stock recommendations or beatable earnings forecasts benefit from greater access to corporate management. Therefore, we analyze whether and to what extent individual analysts' ex ante stock recommendations and earnings forecasts affect the information content of analyst-manager conversations. Using intraday absolute stock price reactions around specific analyst-manager dialogs to measure informativeness, we find that manager dialogs with bearish analysts whose forecasts are missed are more informative. Such analysts engage in longer conversations with more back-and-forth iterations and exhibit a more negative tone, relative to bullish analysts that provide beatable forecasts. Stock prices directionally respond to both the analyst's linguistic tone and the manager's voice pitch. In sum, the capital market effects during an earnings conference call are far more nuanced than previously documented.
PROSES PARENTAL MEDIATION TERHADAP ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH DALAM MENGGUNAKAN GADGET
Authors: Wulandari Herni , Santoso Meilanny Budiarti 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK Gadget merupakan salah satu media yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai sumber informasi, hiburan dan pendidikan sehingga gadget dapat memberikan dampak yang postif dan negatif. Pemakaian gadget pada sekarang ini sudah digunakan mulai dari anak usia dini hingga orang dewasa. Persepsi efek positif anak terhadap gadget sangat penting untuk dikembangkan karena dapat membantu anak sebagai khalayak aktif untuk membedakan antara tontonan yang positif dan negative bagi anak.Dalam menggunakan g adget tentunya anak memerlukan dukungan dengan dilakukannya pendampingan dari orang tua untuk mengarahkan serta memberikan pemahaman-pemahaman mengenai media yang ditonton sehingga dapat meminimalisir dampak negatif. Pendampingan penggunaan media dan teknologi serta perangkatnya dikenal dengan istilah parental mediation . Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengawasan orangtua (parental mediation) terhadap anak usia dini dalam menggunakan gadget . Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kajian pustaka dan literatur yang berisi teori. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut digunakan Teori Parental Mediation. Hasil dari kajian yang telah dilakukan terdapat tipe mediasi yang dilakukan orangtua untuk melakukan pengawasan terhadap anak usia prasekolah dalam menggunakan gadget yaitu mediasi restriktif (restrictive mediation), mediasi aktif (active mediation) , mediasi penggunaan bersama (co - use) ABSTRACK The gadget is one of the media used by Indonesian people as a source of information, education and education so that gadgets can have positive and negative impacts. The use of gadgets at this time has been used starting from early childhood to adults. Percepti on of positive effects of children on gadgets is very important to be developed because it can help children as active audiences to distinguish between positive and negative shows for children. In using gadgets, make sure children support by supporting the assistance of parents to support providing media supports watched so that it can minimize negative impacts. Assistance in the use of media and technology known as parental mediation. The purpose of this study is to learn how to supervise parents of early childhood using gadgets. The research method used in the research is lit e r a t u r e r e vie w a n d lit e r a t u r e w hic h c o n t ain s t h e o r y . T o a n s w e r t h e s e q u e s tio n s u s e t h e P a r e n t al Mediation Theory. Restrictive mediation (restrictive mediation), active mediation (activ e mediation), co - use mediation.
STRATEGI TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL STARBUCK DALAM MEWUJUDKAN LINGKUNGAN YANG BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Shidiq Alima Fikri , Purnama Fitri Hajar , Raharjo Santoso Tri , Humaedi Sahadi 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK Pemerintah Indonesia berkomitmen untuk mewujudkan ke 17 tujuan SDG ini dengan melibatkan seluruh komponen masyarakat Indonesia mulai dari masyarakat itu sendiri, akademisi, pemerintahan hingga pihak swasta. Dengan melibatan pihak swasta dalam mewujudkan SDGs diharapkan akan membawa dampak lebih luas terhadap masyarakat, mengingat bahwa di Indonesia banyak terdapat perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang usaha pelayanan baik barang ataupun jasa kepada masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu cara yang bisa dilakukan perusahaan dalam mewujudkan tujuan tersebut yaitu melalui program tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR). Hal ini ditanggapi positif oleh berbagai pihak, salah satunya Starbucks Coffee Company yang mengusung tujuan SDGs ke dalam program CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) perusahaan. Sebagai green company Starbuck mengambil peran dalam pembangunan lingkungan berkelanjutan sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab sosialnya melalui program CSR yang diintegrasikan dengan strategi marketing. Adapun program CSR tersebut dilakukan baik secara langsung kepada masyarakat, bermitra dengan lembaga sosial ataupun kepada konsumennya. ABSTRACT The Government of Indonesia is committed to realizing these 17 SDG objectives by involving all components of Indonesian society from the community itself, academics, government to the private sector. By involving the private sector in realizing SDGs, it is expected to have a wider impact on the community, given that in Indonesia there are many companies engaged in the business of providing goods or services to the people of Indonesia. One way companies can do in realizing thes e goals is through corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs. This was positively responded by various parties, one of which was Starbucks Coffee Company which brought the SDGs goals into the company's CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) program. As a green company Starbuck takes a role in the development of environmentally sustainable as a form of social responsibility through CSR programs that are integrated with marketing strategies. The CSR program is carried out either directly to the community, in partnership with social institutions or to consumers.
Ciência do espaço sem espaço: disciplina Geografia e reforma do Ensino Médio no Brasil | Science of Space without Space: Geography discipline and High School reform in Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Larissa Oliveira Mesquita , Ribeiro Willame De Oliveira 
Published: February 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as implicações da reforma do Ensino Médio sobre a disciplina Geografia e os seus desdobramentos para a sociedade brasileira. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados são de natureza bibliográfica e documental, com destaque para as análises da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (Lei n°9.394/1996) e da Lei n°13.415/2017, que disciplinou a reforma do Ensino Médio. Os resultados da pesquisa ressaltam que a disciplina Geografia compunha a estrutura curricular da Educação Básica brasileira mesmo antes da conformação da Geografia científica, com forte articulação com interesses estatais e elitistas, o que não se repete na atualidade, no âmbito da reforma do Ensino Médio, que promove a fragilização dessa disciplina na Educação Básica, representando um claro desacordo entre os poderes elitistas e os caminhos seguidos pela disciplina Geografia nos últimos anos. As implicações dessa reforma em relação à disciplina Geografia devem ocasionar, entre outras consequências, perdas na formação voltada à construção de um sujeito social complexo atuante no âmbito profissional e também em outras esferas da vida social.
Mudanças curriculares no Ensino Médio a partir da Lei n°13.415/2017: percepção de estudantes secundaristas | Curricular changes in High School Education from Law n°13.415/2017: Perception of High School Students
Authors: Reyes Lurvin Gabriela Tercero , Gonçalves Suzane Da Rocha Vieira 
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo objetiva problematizar as mudanças curriculares que a Lei n°13.415/2017 impõe ao Ensino Médio brasileiro, assim como verificar a percepção que estudantes secundaristas, da Escola Estadual Dr. Augusto Duprat na Cidade do Rio Grande (RS), têm sobre essas mudanças. A base empírica foi construída a partir de uma investigação dissertativa de cunho qualitativo, contando com a participação de 61 alunos de 1º, 2º e 3º ano do Ensino Médio. Como procedimento para produção dedados, formaram-se 4 grupos focais, um com cada turmada escola; ademais, também foi aplicado um questionário fechado. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a metodologia de análise do conteúdo, a partir de 4 categorias estabelecidas a priori, sendo o presente trabalho produto de uma dessas categorias. A partir da análise dos dados, aponta-se um discurso reprobatório por parte dos estudantes, no que se refere à determinação de dispor de Língua Portuguesa e matemática como únicas disciplinas obrigatórias nos três anos de Ensino Médio. Os estudantes também discordaram da proposta de tornar uma percentagem do Ensino a Distância, afirmando que atualmente o ensino é precário e que essas disposições iriam fragilizá-lo ainda mais. Nas falas, identificou-se também uma associação da retirada de disciplinas como Filosofia e História com intenções governamentais de controlar a população. Por fim, considera-se fundamental que os jovens sejam ouvidos, visto que são os sujeitos do Ensino Médio os mais afetados com essas mudanças.