bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(Re)Thinking diversity within sustainable development: A systematic mapping study
Authors: Sinicropi Silvia , Cortese Damiano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis systematic mapping study aims to identify and systematize the existing theoretical contributions on workforce diversity in the private sector in order to provide a different approach to study diversity management. Diversity management is a process intended to create and maintain a favorable working environment in which all the similarities and differences among people are considered, thus enhancing their potential and maximizing their contribution to the achievement of an organization's strategic goals, ultimately guaranteeing sustainable development. Diversity aims to build an inclusive culture that promotes and enhances the talent of all of an organization's members. Therefore, sustainable human resource management is a challenge in many organizations. In this systematic mapping study, 80 primary studies were identified in the Scopus database, then the selected publications were classified according to their typology, focus, and contribution. This article proposes a different approach based on the cross‐sectional analysis of the different dimensions of diversity with the use of cluster analysis. This intersectionality encourages a continuous change of standpoints among different theories, concepts, and categories.
Cultural rule orientation, legal institutions, and the credibility of corporate social responsibility reports
Authors: Steindl Tobias 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCulture matters forcrediblecorporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting. I show that firms located in countries with stronger cultural rule orientation are more likely to (a) receive assurance on their CSR report, (b) receive assurance from an accounting firm, (c) receive assurance in accordance with an assurance standard, and (d) receive assurance on theirentireCSR report. Path analysis reveals that thedirecteffect of cultural rule orientation is much stronger than itsindirecteffect via legal institutions. I confirm the dominance of the direct effect in a qualitative comparative analysis. The economic significance of the direct effect is identified using probit regression analysis. Endogeneity concerns are addressed in a battery of robustness checks. Overall, the findings of this study provide a nuanced understanding ofhowculture affects credible CSR reporting, which, in turn, has important implications for managers, stakeholders, and policy makers.
Investigation of brain computer interface for rich multimedia environment
Authors: Krishnan Aswinseshadri , Bai Vijayan Thulasi 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe brain computer interface (BCI) can provide a direct channel of communication between an external device and the brain without including any type of muscular activity. Various applications of BCI have been stated in literature, and one of the most exciting areas which have not been extensively investigated is the field of multimedia. BCI can find huge potential in the area of command and control of video games. Video games have found huge potential for improving the gait and balance of people struggling with Parkinson's disease. Such systems make use of the brain signals which are captured through electrodes on scalp as electroencephalogram (EEG) or through implanted electrodes as electrocorticography (ECoG). The signals are then used as input commands to get desired output in an external device. To address the memory management issue arising due to the huge volume of ECoG data and to achieve distributed computation for improving the efficiency of BCI, the computations are implemented in Cloud. In this work, ECoG signals are pre‐processed, and all features are extracted by using the wavelet packet transform (WPT), common spatial patterns (CSPs), Laplacian filter, and the Kalman filter. The Adaboost classifier was employed for ECoG signal classification.
What drives grassland‐forest boundaries? Assessing fire and frost effects on tree seedling survival and architecture
Authors: Botha Monique , Archibald Sally , Greve Michelle 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Fire and frost represent two major hurdles for the persistence of trees in open grassy biomes and have both been proposed as drivers of grassland‐forest boundaries in Africa.
We assess the response of young tree seedlings, which represent a vulnerable stage in tree recruitment, to traumatic fire and frost disturbances.
In a greenhouse experiment, we investigated how seedling traits predicted survival and resprouting ability in response to fire versus frost; we characterized survival strategies of seedlings in response to the two disturbances, and we documented how the architecture of surviving seedlings is affected by fire versus frost injury.
Survival rates were similar under both treatments. However, different species displayed different levels of sensitivity to fire and frost. Seedling survival was higher for older seedlings and seedlings with more basal leaves. Survivors of a fire event lost more biomass than the survivors of a frost event. However, the architecture of recovered fire‐ and frost‐treated seedlings was mostly similar. Seedlings that recovered from fire and frost treatments were often shorter than those that had not been exposed to any disturbance, with multiple thin branches, which may increase vulnerability to the next frost or fire event.
Synthesis. Fire caused more severe aboveground damage compared with a single frost event, suggesting that fire is an important driver of tree distribution in these open grassland systems. However, the impact of repeated frost events may be equally severe and needs to be investigated. Also, woody species composition may be influenced by phenomena that affect the timing and frequency of seedling exposure to damage, as mortality was found to be dependent on seedling age. Therefore, changes in fire regime and climate are likely to result in changes in the composition and the structure of the woody components of these systems.
Seasonal change of flower sex ratio and pollinator dynamics in three reproductive ecotypes of protandrous plant
Authors: Toji Tsubasa , Ishimoto Natsumi , Itino Takao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCimicifuga simplexhas three genetically and ecologically distinct pollination morphs with different flowering phenology, flower sex expressions, and selfing rates. A previous study showed that strong protandry in hermaphroditic flowers ofC. simplexcauses there to be seasonal minority sexes; for example, unisexual female ramets are advantageous in the first half of the flowering season and bloom then (minority sex hypothesis). That study, however, did not distinguish among the three pollination morphs ofC. simplex. We investigated seasonal sex ratio changes and pollinator environments of the three morphs to verify and expand the minority sex hypothesis. We investigated flowering phenology, pollinator quantity and quality, seasonal population sex ratio dynamics, and stamen/ovule ratios in hermaphroditic flowers. We also examined the seasonal female reproductive success of hermaphroditic flowers, and the effect of male flower excision on fruit set by morph II hermaphroditic flowers. Morph I (mainly hermaphroditic and female ramets) had high pollinator quality and quantity. Fruit set of hermaphroditic ramets was high throughout the flowering season. Morph II (hermaphroditic and andromonoecious ramets) had low pollinator quality, and few pollinators visited near the beginning and end of the season. Removal of male flowers led to a pollen limitation. Morph III (hermaphroditic ramets and a high selfing rate) had very low pollinator abundance throughout the flowering season, and male and female phases largely overlapped. The scarcity of male flowers in morph I is likely a result of the high pollinator quantity and quality. The high fruit set suggests that no pollen limitation existed. The low pollinator quality and quantity of the morph II population caused it to suffer from pollen limitation and may explain the absence of unisexual female ramets in this morph. The high selfing rate of morph III may be due to the extremely low pollinator abundance. Theoretical studies have indicated that the optimal investment allocation to male and female functions depends on whether a pollen limitation exists. InC. simplex, the observed relationships between pollinator environment and reproductive systems are consistent with these theoretical models.
Rain‐shadow forest margins resilient to low‐severity fire and climate change but not high‐severity fire
Authors: Harris Lucas B. , Taylor Alan H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAt semi‐arid forest margins, increasing climatic stress combined with disturbances like wildfire threatens to cause widespread forest loss. However, forest resilience is likely to vary over gradients of topoclimate and vegetation characteristics, and the influences of local climate and tree species on tree regeneration remain key uncertainties in assessing forest recovery from wildfire. We surveyed tree regeneration 9–15 yr post‐fire at 397 gridded field plots across four sites at a lower montane forest‐steppe ecotone in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California, USA, and then used statistical modeling to characterize how the probability of tree regeneration presence for different species varied along gradients of fire severity, topoclimate, and post‐fire vegetation structure and composition. Tree regeneration was absent in half the field plots, and only 19% of plots contained >250 seedlings and saplings per ha, suggesting potential for regeneration failure and forest loss. Tree regeneration composition was consistent with shifts away from Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi) and toward drought‐tolerant pinyon pine (P. monophylla) and mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius). Tree regeneration was strongly associated with trees that survived fire indicating tree cover is crucial to buffer establishment against climatic stress. Based on projected future water balance, the likelihood of tree regeneration at these sites does not decline substantially by the end of the century. Consequently, these forests appear to be resilient to climate change under a low‐severity fire regime, but large patches of high‐severity fire are likely to shift vegetation away from forest. Our results highlight the importance of facilitation and future water balance in maintaining semi‐arid forest margins that burn at low severity while high‐severity fire threatens to convert forest to steppe or invasive grasslands.
Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol promotes oligodendrocyte development and CNS myelination in vivo
Authors: Huerga‐Gómez Alba , Aguado Tania , Sánchez‐de la Torre Aníbal , Bernal‐Chico Ana , Matute Carlos , Mato Susana , Guzmán Manuel , Galve‐Roperh Ismael , Palazuelos Javier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractΔ9‐Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main bioactive compound found in the plant Cannabis sativa, exerts its effects by activating cannabinoid receptors present in many neural cells. Cannabinoid receptors are also physiologically engaged by endogenous cannabinoid compounds, the so‐called endocannabinoids. Specifically, the endocannabinoid 2‐arachidonoylglycerol has been highlighted as an important modulator of oligodendrocyte (OL) development at embryonic stages and in animal models of demyelination. However, the potential impact of THC exposure on OL lineage progression during the critical periods of postnatal myelination has never been explored. Here, we show that acute THC administration at early postnatal ages in mice enhanced OL development and CNS myelination in the subcortical white matter by promoting oligodendrocyte precursor cell cycle exit and differentiation. Mechanistically, THC‐induced‐myelination was mediated by CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, as demonstrated by the blockade of THC actions by selective receptor antagonists. Moreover, the THC‐mediated modulation of oligodendroglial differentiation relied on the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway, as mTORC1 pharmacological inhibition prevented the THC effects. Our study identifies THC as an effective pharmacological strategy to enhance oligodendrogenesis and CNS myelination in vivo.
DNA Methylation of Cannabinoid Receptor Interacting Protein 1 Promotes Pathogenesis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Through Suppressing Parkin‐Dependent Pyruvate Kinase M2 Ubiquitination
Authors: Chen Diyu , Wu Hao , Feng Xiaode , Chen Yunhao , Lv Zhen , Kota Vishnu Goutham , Chen Junru , Wu Wenxuan , Lu Yuejie , Liu Hua , Zhang Yanpeng , Zheng Shusen , Wu Jian 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims
Methylation landscape is important for maintaining the silence of cannabinoid receptor–interacting protein 1 (CNRIP1) in some tumors. However, the role of CNRIP1 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains poorly defined.

Approach and Results
In our study, we showed that CNRIP1 was down‐regulated in ICC tissues, and low expression of CNRIP1 was significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients with ICC in 3‐year overall survival and tumor‐free survival. Investigating the genomic DNA methylation profile, we disclosed a CpG island site named CNRIP1 MS‐2 (CNRIP1 methylation site‐2) that contributes to the down‐regulation of CNRIP1. In addition, the methylation level of CNRIP1 MS‐2 was correlated to the pathological grade, metastasis, and tumor–node–metastasis classification in ICC. Notably, we observed that CNRIP1 suppressed tumor cell migration, invasion, and proliferation by inhibiting the activity of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Sustained overexpression of CNRIP1 suppressed the in vivo tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. It was also found that CNRIP1 overexpression activated Parkin (an E3 ubiquitin ligase), which resulted in the protein degradation of PKM2 in ICC cells.

Conclusions
We identified that CNRIP1 acted as a putative tumor suppressor in ICC, which suggested that CNRIP1 could be a candidate biomarker for predicting tumor recurrence in patients with ICC. Furthermore, these findings highlight a potential therapeutic approach in targeting the CNRIP1/Parkin/PKM2 pathway for the treatment of ICC.
Exploring the social conditions of physical activity participation amongst rural South Australian women: A qualitative study
Authors: Muller Jessica , Siefken Katja , Parfitt Gaynor , Dollman James 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIssue addressedAustralian women are less likely to participate in recommended levels of weekly physical activity compared with men. Physical activity participation rates decrease with geographical remoteness. Research suggests that a lack of social support mechanisms within the home environment may act as a barrier for rural women to engage in physical activity, along with discomfort experienced within exercise environments. The purpose of this study was to explore the social conditions that facilitate or inhibit physical activity participation amongst women from two rural South Australian communities.MethodsA qualitative descriptive approach underpinned by a phenomenological methodological orientation was applied. Participants were recruited using a purposive sampling strategy before semi‐structured interviews (N = 16) were conducted and prepared for thematic analysis.ResultsFour inter‐related themes were identified: support from others, time, expectations and available opportunities. Further contextual analysis revealed interwoven notions of physical activity spaces, time and social context within the themes.ConclusionsMultiple types of regulators interact to shape the motivational pattern of an individual. The themes identified align with self‐determination, transactional and structuration theory, suggesting a need to consider human behaviour both pragmatically and conceptually.So what?Results provide insight into social barriers and facilitators for physical activity participation and concomitantly provide the initial development of a framework for local strategic planning of health‐promoting activities, and individual reflection to increase physical activity participation amongst rural women.
Changes in knowledge and use of clinical coordination mechanisms between care levels in healthcare networks of Colombia
Authors: León‐Arce Heisel Gloria , Mogollón‐Pérez Amparo‐Susana , Vargas Ingrid , Vázquez María‐Luisa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractClinical coordination mechanisms (CCMs) have become key tools in healthcare networks for improving coordination between primary care (PC) and secondary care (SC) and are particularly relevant in health systems with highly fragmented healthcare provision. However, their implementation has been little studied to date in Latin America and particularly in Colombia. This study analyses the level of knowledge and use of CCMs between care levels and their changes between 2015 and 2017 in two public healthcare networks in Bogotá, Colombia. Comparison of two cross‐sectional studies based on surveys among PC and SC doctors working in their networks (174 doctors per network/year). The COORDENA questionnaire was used for measuring knowledge concerning CCMs and the frequency of use and difficulties involved in using referral/reply letters (R/RLs) and hospital discharge reports (HDRs). Descriptive bivariate analysis and Poisson regression models with robust variance were used for analysing differences between networks and years. The results for both networks and years revealed greater knowledge and use of information coordination mechanisms than those regarding clinical management coordination (though their knowledge increased in 2017). Although widely known and used, significant problems regarding infrequent and late receipt of RLs and HDRs in PC as well as the poor quality of their contents limits their effective use, which may affect the quality of care. Strategies are required to improve CCMs use.
Associations of general obesity and central obesity with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Korean population: A national population‐based cohort study
Authors: Hwang Seawon , Park Yong‐Moon , Han Kyung‐Do , Yun Jae‐Seung , Ko Seung‐Hyun , Ahn Yu‐Bae , Han Jae Hyun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNumerous previous studies have shown an association between general obesity and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, relatively few reports on the association of central obesity and HCC are available in Asian populations. Therefore, we investigated the association between WC representing central obesity and the risk of HCC in addition to BMI representing general obesity and the risk of HCC in Korea. A total of 10 505 818 participants who received the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) health checkups in 2009 were screened for study eligibility, and 26 979 cases of HCC occurred during the 7.3 years of mean follow‐up. General obesity increased the risk of HCC with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.14 (95% CI, 1.11‐1.18) for BMI 25.0‐<30.0 kg/m2 and 1.52 (95% CI, 1.43‐1.61) for BMI ≥30 kg/m2 compared to those whose BMI is within the normal range. Central obesity was also associated with a higher risk of HCC. For the participants with a WC ≥105 cm in men and WC ≥100 cm in women, the risk of HCC was higher than that of the reference group (HR = 1.69, 95% CI, 1.54‐1.85). The HRs were 1.13 (95% CI, 1.07‐1.19) for nonobese participants with central obesity, and 1.34 (95% CI, 1.30‐1.38) for obese participants with central obesity compared to those without both conditions. Our findings suggest that the risk of HCC increases even more when general obesity is combined with central obesity. Moreover, central obesity is associated with the risk of HCC, regardless of general obesity.
Unstimulated apheresis for chimeric antigen receptor manufacturing in pediatric/adolescent acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
Authors: Jarisch Andrea , Rettinger Eva , Sörensen Jan , Klingebiel Thomas , Schäfer Richard , Seifried Erhard , Bader Peter , Bonig Halvard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAutologous unstimulated leukapheresis product serves as starting material for a variety of innovative cell therapy products, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐modified T‐cells. Although it may be reasonable to assume feasibility and efficiency of apheresis for CAR‐T cell manufacture, several idiosyncrasies of these patients warrant their separate analysis: target cells (mononuclear cells [MNC] and T‐cells) are relatively few which may instruct the selection of apheresis technology, low body weight, and, hence, low total blood volume (TBV) can restrict process and product volume, and patients may be in compromised health. We here report outcome data from 46 consecutive leukaphereses in 33 unique pediatric patients performed for the purpose of CD19‐CAR‐T‐cell manufacturing. Apheresis targets of 2×109 MNC/1×109 T‐cells were defined by marketing authorization holder specification. Patient weight was 8 to 84 kg; TBV was 0.6 to 5.1 L. Spectra Optia apheresis technology was used. For 23 patients, a single apheresis sufficed to generate enough cells and manufacture CAR‐T‐cells, the remainder required two aphereses to meet target dose and/or two apheresis series because of production failure. Aphereses were technically feasible and clinically tolerable without serious adverse effects. The median collection efficiencies for MNC and T‐cells were 53% and 56%, respectively. In summary, CAR apheresis in pediatric patients, including the very young, is feasible, safe and efficient, but the specified cell dose targets can be challenging in smaller children. Continuous monitoring of apheresis outcomes is advocated in order to maintain quality.
Cytotoxic and chemotaxonomic study of isolated metabolites from Centaurea aegyptiaca
Authors: Mohamed Tarik A. , Elshamy Abdelsamed I. , Abd‐ElGawad Ahmed M. , Hussien Taha A. , El‐Toumy Sayed A. , Efferth Thomas , Hegazy Mohamed‐Elamir F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aerial parts of Centaureaa egyptiaca afforded 10 secondary metabolites including four sesquiterpene lactones; chlorohyssopifolin A (centaurepensin) (1), rediolpidetriol (2), linichlorinA (3), and sinaicin (4), one monoterpene; loliolid (5), one phenolic: tyrosol (6), three lignans; arctigenin (7), matairesinol (8), and pinoresinol (9), and one steroid; ergosta‐5,22‐dien‐3‐ol (10). The cluster analysis of 32 Centaurea species revealed that C. aegyptiaca is closely related to C. repens and C. solstitialise. The isolated compounds (1–10) were screened against CCRF‐CEM‐leukemia, MDA‐MB‐231‐pcDNA3 breast cancer, and HCT116 (p53+/+) colon carcinoma cell lines. Compounds1 and 2 were the most potent compounds against both leukemia and breast carcinoma cell lines.