bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Population Modelling Approach to Studying Age-Related Effects on Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Human Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Dokuchaev Arsenii , Khamzin Svyatoslav , Solovyova Olga 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAgeing is the dominant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. A great body of experimental data has been gathered on cellular remodelling in the Ageing myocardium from animals. Very few experimental data are available on age-related changes in the human cardiomyocyte. We have used our combined electromechanical model of the human cardiomyocyte and the population modelling approach to investigate the variability in the response of cardiomyocytes to age-related changes in the model parameters. To generate the model population, we varied nine model parameters and excluded model samples with biomarkers falling outside of the physiological ranges. We evaluated the response to age-related changes in four electrophysiological model parameters reported in the literature: reduction in the density of the K+transient outward current, maximal velocity of SERCA, and an increase in the density of NaCa exchange current and CaL-type current. The sensitivity of the action potential biomarkers to individual parameter variations was assessed. Each parameter modulation caused an increase in APD, while the sensitivity of the model to changes in GCaLand Vmax_upwas much higher than to those in the effects of Gtoand KNaCa. Then 60 age-related sets of the four parameters were randomly generated and each set was applied to every model in the control population. We calculated the frequency of model samples with repolarisation anomalies (RA) and the shortening of the electro-mechanical window in the ageing model populations as an arrhythmogenic ageing score. The linear dependence of the score on the deviation of the parameters showed a high determination coefficient with the most significant impact due to the age-related change in the CaL current. The population-based approach allowed us to classify models with low and high risk of age-related RA and to predict risks based on the control biomarkers.
Effects of single mutations on protein stability are Gaussian distributed
Authors: Razban R. M. , Shakhnovich E. I. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe distribution of protein stability effects is known to be well-approximated by a Gaussian distribution from previous empirical fits. Starting from first-principles statistical mechanics, we more rigorously motivate this empirical observation by deriving per residue protein stability effects to be Gaussian. Our derivation requires the number of amino acids to be large, which is satisfied by the standard set of 20 amino acids found in nature. No assumption is needed on the protein length or the number of residues in close proximity in space, in contrast to previous applications of the central limit theorem to protein energetics. We support our derivation results with computational and experimental data on mutant protein stabilities across all types of protein residues.Statement of SignificanceDefining the distribution of single mutant stability effects (ΔΔGs) is the first step in modeling the role protein stability plays in evolution. Although empirical fits have been made to elucidate its form, a complete theoretical understanding of ΔΔG distributions is lacking. Here, we derive how a simple Gaussian form can arise, while still including the intricacies of protein sequence and structure. We backup our derivation with previously released computational and experimental ΔΔGs.
Transcriptome and Proteome analysis ofHemidactylus frenatusduring initial stages of tail regeneration
Authors: Pawan Sai , Banu Sarena , Idris Mohammed M 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEpimorphic regeneration of appendages is a complex and complete phenomenon found in selected animals.Hemidactylus frenatus, the common house gecko has the remarkable ability to regenerate the tail tissue upon autotomy involving epimorphic regeneration mechanism. This study has identified and evaluated the molecular changes at gene and protein level during the regeneration of tail tissue. Based on next generation transcriptomics andDe novoanalysis the transcriptome and proteome library of the gecko tail tissue was generated. A total of 417 genes and 128 proteins were found to be associated with the regeneration of gecko tail tissue upon amputation at 1, 2 and 5-day post amputation against control, 0dpa through differential analysis. The differentially expressed genes and proteins expressed a similar pattern for the commonly identified 36 genes/proteins involved in regeneration of the tail tissue. Similarly, the expression analysis of 50 genes were further validated involving real time PCR to authenticate the transcriptomics analysis. 327 genes/proteins identified from the study showed association for GP6 signaling pathway, Protein kinase A signaling, Telomerase signaling BAG2 signaling, paxiling signaling, VEGF signaling network pathways based on network pathway analysis. This study empanelled list of genes/proteins associated with tail tissue regeneration and its association for the mechanism.
Macromolecular and electrical coupling between inner hair cells in the rodent cochlea
Authors: Jean Philippe , Anttonen Tommi , Michanski Susann , de Diego Antonio MG , Steyer Anna M. , Neef Andreas , Oestreicher David , Kroll Jana , Nardis Christos , Pangršič Tina , Möbius Wiebke , Ashmore Jonathan , Wichmann Carolin , Moser Tobias 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInner hair cells (IHCs) are the primary receptors for hearing. They are housed in the cochlea and convey sound information to the brain via synapses with the auditory nerve. IHCs have been thought to be electrically and metabolically independent from each other. We report that, upon developmental maturation, 30% of the IHCs are electrochemically coupled in ‘mini-syncytia’. This coupling permits transfer of fluorescently-labeled metabolites and macromolecular tracers. The membrane capacitance, Ca2+-current, and resting current increase with the number of dye-coupled IHCs. Dual voltage-clamp experiments substantiate low resistance electrical coupling. Pharmacology and tracer permeability rule out coupling by gap junctions and purinoceptors. 3D-electron-microscopy indicates instead that IHCs are coupled by membrane fusion sites. Consequently, depolarization of one IHC triggers presynaptic Ca2+-influx at active zones in the entire mini-syncytium. Based on our findings and modeling, we propose that IHC-mini-syncytia enhance sensitivity and reliability of cochlear sound encoding.
Enhancing generating and collecting efficiency of single particle upconverting luminescence at low-level power excitation
Authors: Ma Chenshuo , Shan Chunyan , Park Kevin , Mok Aaron T. , Yang Xusan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUpconverting luminescent nanoparticles are photostable, non-blinking, and low chemically toxic fluorophores that are emerging as promising fluorescent probe at single-molecule level. High luminescence intensity upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is achieved with highly doped rare-earth ions co-doped (20% Yb3+) using high excitation power (>2.5 MW/cm2). However, such particles are inadequate forin-vitrolive-cell imaging and single-particle tracking since high excitation power can cause photodamage. Here, we compared UCNPs luminescence intensities with different dopants concentrations and presented a more efficient (∼7x) UCNPs at low excitation power by increasing the concentrations of Yb3+and Tm3+dopants (NaYF4: 60% Yb3+, 8% Tm3+) and adding a core-shell structure.
The value of undergraduate capstone experiences: stepping stones to future organizational engagement
Authors: Starr-Glass David 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This conceptual article describes the capstone experience. It argues that this final-year undergraduate study, particularly when centered on in-depth research and writing a dissertation, provides significant value for institutions, students, and future employers. It is argued that the criteria for capstone experience success neatly align with the skills and competencies most source by organizational employers.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a short reflection on the present author’s engagement with capstones and business undergraduates. It is limited in scope, reviews the author’s extensive experience and practice, but may have limited generalizability. Nevertheless, it will likely be of value to business educators and to organizational members seeking to hire high-potential business graduates.

Findings
Properly designed and executed, capstones can develop the skills and competencies currently considered the most desirable in organizations. Those who have successfully completed their capstones (in this case, in-depth research and an undergraduate dissertation) have a demonstrated advantage in the hiring process. Students are encouraged to see the capstone as a bridging activity between college and the workplace. This fosters student engagement with targeted organizations and the creation of contacts and networks that provide mutual advantage on graduation.

Originality/value
The article provides novel insights that are personal but informed and considered. It offers original perspectives on the value of the capstone experience for students, educational institutions, and hiring organizations.
Detection avoidance and mis/unclassified, unsolved homicides in Australia
Authors: Ferguson Claire , McKinley Amber 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to begin to explore whether and how the use of detection avoidance (DA) by offenders leads to a so called “dark figure” of unsolved homicides that have been mis/unclassified.Design/methodology/approachAustralian Coronial data and inquest findings are used to examine how DA impacts on determining homicide, and cases remaining unsolved.FindingsResults show DA behaviours perpetrated by offenders may be catalysed by other challenges, and may lead to homicides being mis/unclassified and unsolved. Findings indicate there is a small dark figure of mis/unclassified homicides which eventually become known and investigated as homicides in Australia. The number of unsolved homicides may be greater than official data reveals, due to some cases remaining mis/unclassified.Research limitations/implicationsResults are likely to underestimate the prevalence of mis/unclassified homicides due to the invisibility of cases and the difficulty establishing rules to include suspected but unproven homicides. The variable nature and impact of DA behaviours also limits results, along with jurisdictional differences in Coronial data.Practical implicationsThis discussion explains DA behaviours impact on determining and investigating homicide and the necessity of future research.Originality/valueMis/unclassified homicides as unsolved homicides have not been discussed previously. This discussion is the first to conceptualise mis/unclassified homicides as a dark figure of unsolved cases, and the first to attempt to gauge the problem.
The perceived challenges of working with patients who use new psychoactive substances: a qualitative study in a medium secure unit
Authors: Mckenzie Emma , Harvey Joel 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are increasingly being used in secure mental health settings. Within these settings, NPS use presents a range of challenges and staff currently lack adequate training to manage these challenges. The purpose of this paper is to explore nursing staffs’ perception of the challenges of working with patients who use NPS and to explore nursing staffs’ perception of their training needs in relation to NPS.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional qualitative design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight nursing staff from a medium secure unit (MSU).

Findings
A thematic analysis identified three overarching themes: “There Will Always Be Something”, “We Are Doing Our Best” and “If We Know More, We Can Do More”. The findings describe how nursing staff manage NPS use at present, and their perceptions of how training could improve their management of NPS use in the future.

Practical implications
The findings suggest that MSUs require a local policy for managing NPS use. The research implies that staff training programmes should recognise the existing methods staff use to manage NPS use. The findings also suggest that NPS interventions should target the whole peer group and not just the individual using NPS.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the limited literature on NPS. The findings demonstrate the importance of developing evidence-based mechanisms for managing NPS use. Changes to practice are suggested, with the view of developing ways in which staff currently manage NPS use by complementing this with specific training on NPS.
Segmentation of Brazilian travelers’ mobile purchase behavior
Authors: Falcão Roberto Pessoa de Queiroz , da Costa Filho Murilo Carrazedo Marques , Ferreira Jorge Brantes 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to segment travelers by their predispositions regarding the adoption of smartphones to purchase travel-related services, which is crucial for developing specific marketing strategies for each group of tourists.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was conducted with 1,014 Brazilian travelers assessing their smartphone usage frequency and predispositions regarding travel purchases. The authors selected three variables related to the users’ acceptance of technology (perceived usefulness, ease of use and intentions to use smartphones for tourism purchases) and m-commerce perceptions of risk. Segmentation was conducted employing cluster analysis.

Findings
The authors identified three significantly different clusters of travel consumers: “Risk Ignorers,” “Cautious Users” and “Conservatives.” Risk perceptions appeared to be the main discriminating variable, followed by perceptions that smartphone apps are useful and free of effort.

Research limitations/implications
The non-probabilistic snowball sampling technique of Brazilian travelers may limit the generalization of the findings. Also, the use of intentions as one of our clustering variables instead of actual purchase behavior might bring limitations.

Practical implications
Segmentation enables the development of specific marketing strategies for each group, encompassing different risk profiles. Cautious travelers demand the development of safe and trustworthy m-commerce environments, as well as reassuring communication approach to reduce their perceptions of risk in performing mobile-mediated transactions. Conservatives demand marketers to build simpler and more straightforward apps to entice them.

Originality/value
The study reveals more fine-grained nuances to the role of mobile technology and its impact on travelers, unveiling important differences across travelers’ predispositions toward smartphone adoption that is distinctively associated with usage patterns regarding their risk profiles.
Branding for non-profits: explaining new donor decision-making in the charity sector
Authors: Gregory Gary , Ngo Liem , Miller Ryan 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study develops and validates a model of new donor decision-making in the charity sector. Drawing upon dual process theory, the model incorporates brand salience and brand attitude as antecedents of brand choice intention, moderated by donor decision involvement.

Design/methodology/approach
Study 1 generates measures using interviews with marketing, media and research managers, and new donors from two international aid and relief organizations. Study 2 uses an experimental design to first test scenarios of disaster relief, and then validate and confirm a new donor decision model using large-scale consumer panels for the international aid and relief sector in Australia.

Findings
The results replicated across four leading international aid-related charities reveal that brand salience is positively related to brand choice intention through the mediating effect of brand attitude. Furthermore, the effect of brand salience on brand choice intention is significantly stronger when donor decision involvement is low. Conversely, the effect of brand attitude on brand choice intention is stronger for higher levels of donor decision involvement.

Practical implications
Managers should understand the importance of brand salience/attitudes and the implications for the communication strategy. Managers should also strive to understand the level of decision involvement and the relative influence of brand attitude/salience on brand choice intention.

Originality/value
This study advances the literature on charitable giving by proposing and testing a moderated mediation model of donor choice when selecting a charity for donation. Findings provide new insights into the extent to which brand salience, brand attitude and donor decision-making influence how new donors choose between charities for donation.
The new face of the tourism industry under a circular economy
Authors: Vargas-Sánchez Alfonso 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the evolution of the tourism ecosystem within a circular economy, considering relevant factors that influence the transition towards the circular economy model.

Design/methodology/approach
This reflection is carried out from an organisational perspective and employs a strategic management approach combined with a neo-institutional theoretical lens.

Findings
Four scenarios are identified after selecting several pertinent internal and external dimensions, which will help to understand the form and pace of the expected transition towards a tourism circular economy.

Research limitations/implications
Other variables could have been used for the scenario creation aim, which can be deemed a limitation.

Practical implications
Tourism operators can position themselves within this framework to analyse their conditions in order to address this unavoidable strategic change.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first academic work written in this line of research.
Popular culture shaping tourism
Authors: Reichenberger Ina 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relevance of popular culture in a tourism context, highlighting how it can impact the future of tourism.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing upon existing research, the popularity of popular culture is discussed, and future developments are transferred to the field of tourism.

Findings
It is expected that the demand for popular culture related tourism activities and experiences will continue to increase, providing opportunities for destinations for visitor dispersal, the distribution of economic benefits across regions, and the tackling of industry-based challenges.

Originality/value
The paper draws attention to the potential of popular culture in positive and tourism development that reduces negative impacts.
Irresponsible responsible tourism; observations from nature areas in Norway
Authors: Heslinga Jasper Hessel , Hartman Stefan , Wielenga Ben 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to share the trend observed around irresponsible behavior by tourists in nature areas and how this may affect future policy.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper illustrates the trend observed based on three major observations from Norway and links the observed trend to the micro-level to meso- and macro-trends.

Findings
As a result, it was found that due to irresponsible behavior the Norwegian allemansratten (Right to Roam) system is under pressure. Because of this, the freedom to enjoy the Norwegian nature risks to be limited by regulations.

Originality/value
The insights presented in this paper contribute to the debate on nature-based tourism, sustainable and responsible tourism and link with the debate on overtourism in the context of nature areas.
Remarkable lives: Robert Lawrence in conversation with Jerome Carson
Authors: Lawrence Robert , Carson Jerome 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to provide a profile of Robert Lawrence.

Design/methodology/approach
Robert provides a short background to his life and is then interviewed by Jerome.

Findings
Robert talks about the slow onset of his condition, his hospital admission and subsequent long journey of recovery.

Research limitations/implications
Case studies are of course only one person’s story. The world of someone experiencing psychosis is so different that we can only really understand it fully through the accounts of sufferers like Robert.

Practical implications
Robert makes a number of points about how services could be improved, such as through quicker and better treatment and a commitment to promote positive mental health.

Social implications
Robert talks about “benefits you can live off.” He notes that some governments have not fully appreciated the reality of mental suffering and its effects on trying to live a “normal” life.

Originality/value
Robert’s story has seen him embark on a long journey. He has now managed to study for a qualification which will hopefully bring him employment as a counsellor.
An examination of the relationship between careerism and organizational commitment, satisfaction, and performance
Authors: Jain Ajay K. , Sullivan Sherry 
Published: December 2019

PurposeUsing psychological contract theory as its foundation, the purpose of this paper is to examine the important, but under-explored, relationship between careerism and organizational attitudes among workers in India.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 250 middle-level executives, working in six manufacturing plants of motorbike companies located in Northern India, were surveyed.FindingsAs hypothesized, careerism was found to be negatively related to affective commitment, organization satisfaction and perceived organizational performance. Contrary to expectations, however, careerism was positively related to continuance and normative commitment.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on a cross-sectional survey. Also, because the motorbike industry is male dominated, all the executives surveyed are men.Practical implicationsDespite concerns that employees with more transactional relationships with their employers are no longer loyal to their organizations, this study demonstrates that Indian employees with a higher careerism also have higher levels of normative and continuance organizational commitment.Originality/valuePrior research has produced conflicting results as to whether employees with more careerist, transactional psychological contracts with their employers have more negative organizational attitudes. This study contributes to research on psychological contract theory and careerism in today’s turbulent career landscape while also answering calls to examine the generalizability of western theories of careers in non-western countries.