bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Sevoflurane and Adenosine Receptor Antagonist on the Sugammadex-Induced Recovery from Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Blockade: An Ex-vivo Study
Authors: Kim Yong Beom , Choi Jae-Moon , Park Chungon , Choi Hey-Ran , In Junyong , Yang Hong-Seuk 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Sevoflurane affects on the A1 receptor in the central nervous system (CNS) and potentiates the action of neuromuscular blocking agents. In the present study, we investigated whether sevoflurane (SEVO) has the ability to potentiate the neuromuscular blocking effect of rocuronium and if the specific antagonist of adenosine receptor (SLV320) can reverse this effect. Methods: Phrenic nerve–hemidiaphragm tissue specimens were obtained from forty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The specimens were immersed in an organ bath filled with Krebs buffer and stimulated by a train-of-four (TOF) pattern using indirect supramaximal stimulation at 20 s intervals. The specimens were randomly allocated to control, 2-chloroadenosine (CADO), SEVO, or SLV320+SEVO groups. In the CADO and SLV320+SEVO groups, CADO and SLV320 were added to the organ bath from the start to a concentration of 10 μM and 10 nM, respectively. We then proceeded with rocuronium-induced blockade of >95% depression of the first twitch tension of TOF (T1) and TOF ratio (TOFR). In the SEVO and SLV320+SEVO groups, SEVO was added to the Krebs buffer solution to concentration of 400 - 500 μM for 10 min. Sugammadex-induced T1 and TOFR recovery was monitored for 30 min until >95% of T1 and >0.9 of TOFR were confirmed, and the recovery pattern was compared by plotting these data. Results: There were no significant differences in the recovery pattern between the control and SEVO groups. However, there were significant differences between the SEVO and SLV320+SEVO groups. Conclusion: Sevoflurane potentiates of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blocking effect and delays sugammadex-induced recovery from neuromuscular blockade.
Attitudes Towards Changing Care Needs and Experiences of Social Care for People Aged 95 years and Older Living At Home: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Buck Jackie , Rico Rehana Di , Scheibl Fiona , Barclay Stephen , Farquhar Morag , Brayne Carol , Fleming Jane 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The ‘oldest old’ are amongst the largest recipients of social care services and informal care, yet they are under-represented in research and service-user experience surveys. The aim of this study was to understand experiences of receiving social care from formal services and informal carers amongst very old people living in the community. Method: Framework analysis of qualitative data from 36 interviews with community-dwelling people aged 95-101 (n=24) and/or their relatives/carers participating in the UK population-based Cambridge City over-75s Cohort (CC75C) study.Results: Fifty-eight percent lived alone, 75% were disabled, and 42% moderately or severely cognitively impaired. Sixty-seven percent had contact with formal care services and 85% with relatives at least weekly. Informal care mainly supported instrumental activities of daily living, though substituted for, and complemented, formal care at low and higher disability levels respectively. Impractical service delivery and lack of awareness of social care processes and entitlements caused unnecessary distress. Lack of meaningful social interaction, difficulties with bathing and management of continence were key areas of unmet need. Poor continuity of service and frequent changes of formal carers posed a threat to older people’s autonomy, dignity and safety.Conclusions: This study revealed a rich complexity of older old care recipients’ responses and attitudes not adequately captured in national surveys. As the urgent need to review social care provision receives more attention, there are valuable opportunities to incorporate the views of older old people into service design and delivery, honouring policy directives for person-centred care and improved quality of life.
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Inhibits VEGF-Induced in Vitro Angiogenesis of RF/6A Cells via the Blocking of VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chen Xiangwu , Yao Wang , You Shuqi , Wu Suqian , Li Gang , Mo Xiaofen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the anti-angiogenesis effect of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) and its potential molecular mechanism. Methods: The rhesus macaque choroid-retinal endothelial (RF/6A) cells were treated with different concentrations (from 0 to 100 μM) of 7,8-DHF and/or 40 ng/ml VEGF. The morphology, proliferation, migration, capillary-like tube formation，and apoptosis of RF/6A cells were evaluated by Giemsa staining, CCK-8 assay, transwell migration assay, matrigel tube formation assay, and flow cytometry/hoechst33342 staining, respectively. The protein content of VEFGR2 and p-VEGFR2 was assessed by western blotting. Results: 7,8-DHF significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of RF/6A cells and promoted their apoptosis in vitro. The expression of VEGFR2 in RF/6A cells was constant whether or not to administer 7,8-DHF. However, the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 significantly decreased after the administration of 7,8-DHF. Conclusions: 7,8-DHF could inhibit RF/6A angiogenesis in vitro. The inhibitory mechanism of 7,8-DHF in angiogenesis was attributed to the suppression of VEGFR2 phosphorylation and thus blocking of VEGF/VEGFR2 signal pathway.
Effect of Educational Program of Self-care Behaviors on Perceived Social Support Among Mother With Preeclampsia From Southeastern Iran, A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Ahmadinezhad Fatemeh , Nematolahi Azar , Akbarzadeh Marzieh 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
ObjectivePreeclampsia in pregnancy causes severe perinatal complications. Self-care may play a role in improving health, quality of life and reducing health costs. The aim of this study was Effect of Educational Program of Self-Care Behaviors on Perceived Social Support among mother with Preeclampsia.ResultsMean score of self-care, social support and its dimensions in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group [p < 0.05]. In the control group, the correlation between the score of self-care with social support and its dimensions was negative and significant [P < 0.05]. In the intervention group, the correlation between self-care, perceived social support and its dimensions was no significant. The score of self-care and perceived social support increased significantly after intervention. However, the correlation between self-care score and social support in intervention group was not significant.Trial registration number: IRCT20180127038526N1 Registration date: 2018-05-01
Emotional states of different obesity phenotypes: A sex-specific results in a west-Asian population
Authors: Mehrabi Fahimeh , Amiri Parisa , Cheraghi Leila , Kheradmand Ali , Hosseinpanah Farhad , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of obesity phenotypes with depression, anxiety, and stress of the adult participants in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).
Methods
Depression, anxiety, and stress levels of 2469 adult participants aged > 19 (1158 men and 1311 women) from Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study were examined among different obesity phenotypes in the current study. Weight, height, and waist circumferences of participants were measured by trained personnel. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m², and metabolically unhealthy status based on having metabolic syndrome (MetS) or diabetes type 2. Finally, four obesity phenotypes were defined: 1) Metabolically Healthy Non-Obese (MHNO), 2) Metabolically Healthy Obese (MHO) 3) Metabolically Unhealthy Non-Obese (MUNO), and 4) Metabolically Unhealthy Obese (MUO). Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to compare sex-specific odds ratios.
Results
The mean age of 2469 men and women was 46.2 ± 15.9 and 45.6 ± 14.7, respectively. In total, women were more likely to experience different levels of depression (30.5%), anxiety (44.2%), and stress (43.5%). After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds of experiencing higher levels of anxiety were significantly greater in metabolically unhealthy men whether they were obese (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.25–2.54; P = < 0.001) or non-obese (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.17–2.21; P = < 0.001), and also in MUO women (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.28–2.34; P = < 0.001) comparing to their MHNO counterparts. Moreover, the odds of experiencing higher levels of stress were significantly greater in MUNO men (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.02–1.90; P = 0.04), and in MUO women (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.07–1.96; P = 0.02) comparing to their MHNO counterparts. No difference in having higher levels of depression was observed in both genders.
Conclusions
Compared to MHNO individuals, MUO women and all metabolically unhealthy men reported higher levels of anxiety and stress. The obesity phenotypes were by no means associated with depression in men and women.
Guyanxiao formula antagonizes LPS-induced KOA chondrocyte injury by regulating the SDF-1 / CXCR4 signaling pathway1
Authors: Zhang Qi , Shu-guang Zheng , Bao-juan Wang , Lin Wang , Tian-yang Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background To determine whether Guyanxiao formula protects chondrocytes in a model of knee arthritis induced by lipopolysaccharide, and whether it can repair chondrocyte damage and suppress osteoarthritis cartilage degeneration by regulating SDF-1 / CXCR4 signaling pathway.Methods Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) induces chondrocytes in vitro to prepare knee osteoarthritis model. Toluidine blue (TBS) staining was used to observe the changes of proteoglycan content of rabbit chondrocytes in order to identify the source of cells. The biochemical detection method was used to determine the content of inflammatory factor nitric oxide (NO) in chondrocytes to identify whether the osteoarthritis chondrocytes were successfully modeled in vitro.The cell proliferation rate was measured by the cell viability test (CCK-8), the concentration with no obvious cytotoxicity was screened, and the low, medium and high dose groups of Guyanxiao formula were established.Immunofluorescence(IF) staining was used to observe the effect of Guyanxiao formula on the content of type Ⅱ collagen in chondrocytes of knee osteoarthritis.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out to determine the expression of inflammatory factors MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-13. The mRNA and protein expressions of SDF-1, CXCR4, Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis.Results The identify of chondrocytes was confirmed with toluidine blue staining. LPS treatment remarkably increased the NO content, indicating successful noodling of the KOA chondrocyte model. According to the CCK-8 experiment results, 0.36, 3.6, and 36 µg / mL were set as the low, medium, and high dose administration concentrations of ostitis.Immunofluorescence(IF) staining showed that the degree of type Ⅱ collagen damage in each treatment group was improved compared with the model group, and the high concentration group was the most obvious improvement in the Guyanxiao formula treatment group.The levels of MMP-3,MMP-9, MMP-13, and IL-1b were much lower in the Cell supernatant of the each treatment group than in that of model group.The levels of SDF-1, CXCR4, VEGF mRNA and protein were much lower in the Chondrocytes of the each treatment group than in that of model group. In addition, the therapeutic effect of Guyanxiao formula treatment group decreased in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusion Guyanxiao formula antagonizes LPS-induced KOA chondrocyte injury by regulating the SDF-1 / CXCR4 signaling pathway.
Analysis Results of COVID-19 Data by GIS at Different Scales
Authors: li yanxiang , yuan zhanliang , wang qiaoqiao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Since the emergence of the new corona virus Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19), it has spread rapidly around the world and has had a serious impact on world economic and social development. In this article, we reviewed the pathogenesis, development process, and the impact and loss of COVID-19 on global human health. Combined with the GIS method, the global distribution of COVID-19 was visualized at multiple scales, and the core areas of the COVID-19 epidemic at different scales were determined. And use the global real-time updated infection data to judge the overall development trend of COVID-19. After visualizing and analyzing the global epidemic data, it was found that the number of patients with COVID-19 at the global scale is still growing at a relatively rapid rate, but the global average mortality rate is drop rapidly. The country with the highest mortality rate at the national scale is 16.24% in Belgium, followed by France and Italy, with mortality rates of 15.31% and 14.4%, respectively. Changes in the number of COVID-19 cases in the United States at the regional scale have a major impact on the global epidemic. Although the mortality rate in the United States is gradually declining, the number of infections and deaths is still increasing at a relatively rapid rate. At the regional scale, the New York epidemic is a hot spot in the United States and should be given high priority.
Effects of Pre-Workout Multi-Ingredient Supplement on Anaerobic Performance: Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Study
Authors: Kaczka Piotr , Batra Amit , Kubicka Katarzyna , Maciejczyk Marcin , Rzeszutko-Bełzowska Agata , Pezdan-Śliż Iwona , Michałowska-Sawczyn Monika , Przydział Marta , Płonka Artur , Cięszczyk Paweł , Humińska-Lisowska Kinga , Zając Tomasz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of commercially available pre-workout supplement on anaerobic performance in resistance trained men.Methods: Twenty-three men underwent three testing sessions administrated in a randomized and double-blind fashion separated by a seven-day break. The participants performed three exercise tests: isokinetic strength test, maximal strength test and Wingate test. Statistical analysis was conducted in R environment. Linear mixed models were estimated via R package lme4.Results: The mean knee peak torque was significantly greater in supplemented group for right and left knee flexors (placebo: 103.17 ± 37.61 Nm, and supplemented group: 131.84 ± 29.31 Nm where p=0.001, and placebo: 103.72 ± 39.35, and supplemented group: 129.38 ± 28.44, where p=0.001; respectively) as well as for right and left knee extensors (placebo: 202.65 ± 58.64 Nm, and supplemented group: 237.22 ± 54.75 Nm where p=0.001, and placebo: 203.27 ± 63.2 Nm versus supplemented group: 229.84 ± 50.8 Nm where p=0.002; respectively).The significant difference was observed in mean anaerobic power between supplemented and placebo group for right and left knee flexors (p=0.002 and p=0.005, respectively) as well as for right and left knee extensors (p=0.001 and p=0.002; respectively).There was also observed that the time to peak torque was significantly greater in supplemented group for right and left knee flexors (p=0.002 for both legs). The significant difference was also observed in mean power between supplemented and placebo group during Wingate test (placebo: 8.49 ± 0.57 W/kg, and supplemented group: 8.66 ± 0.55 W/kg where p=0.038). Moreover the mean 3-RM strength test was significantly greater in supplemented group with p=0.001.Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that the supplement significantly improves upper and lower body strength and power output in resistance trained men.
A prognostic model constructed by CTHRC1 and LRFN4 in Stomach adenocarcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Han Songling , Zhu Wei , Guan Qijie , Zhong Zhuoheng , Zhao Ruoke , Xiong Hangming , Fu Hongwei , Hu Xingjiang , Tian Jingkui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the most common histological type of stomach cancer, which causes a considerable number of deaths worldwide. This study specifically aimed to identify potential biomarkers and reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods

Gene expression profiles microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The ‘limma’ R package was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between STAD and matched normal tissues. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used for function enrichment analyses of DEGs. The data of STAD cases with both RNA sequencing and clinical information of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were obtained from Genomic Data Commons (GDC) data portal. Survival curves were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, univariate Cox regression analysis and multivariate Cox regression were performed using ‘survival’ package. CIBERSORT algorithm used approach to characterize the 22 human immune cell composition. Gene expression profiles microarray data and clinical information were downloaded from GEO database to validate prognostic model.
Results

Three public datasets including 90 STAD patients and 43 healthy controls were used and 44 genes were differentially expressed in all three datasets. These genes were primarily implicated in biological processes including cell adhesion, wound healing and extracellular matrix organization. Seven out of 44 genes showed significant survival differences based on their expression differences. CTHRC1 and LRFN4 were eventually used to constructed risk score and prognostic model by univariate Cox regression and stepwise multivariate Cox regression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-STAD dataset. The group having high risk scores and the group having low risk scores had significant differences in the infiltration level of multiple immune cells including CD4 memory resting T cells, M2 macrophages, memory B cells, resting dendritic cells, eosinophils, and gamma delta T cells. Multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the risk score was an independent predictor after adjusting for age, sex, and tumor stage. At last, the model was verified and evaluated by another independent dataset and showed a good classification effect.
Conclusions

The present study constructed the prognostic model by expression of CTHRC1 and LRFN4 for the first time via comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, which may provide clinical guidance and potential therapeutic targets for STAD.
Heterogeneity in Average Cost per Patient with type 2 Diabetes at Primary Health Facilities in Mexico: Comparing Comprehensive Diabetes Management Medical Offices with General Practice
Authors: Colchero M. Arantxa , Gómez Rousellinne , López-Ridaura Ruy , López-Hernández Daniel , Sánchez-Díaz Iyari , Silverman-Retana Omar , Baustista-Arredondo Sergio 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. Despite the high health and financial burden imposed by diabetes in Mexico, few studies have estimated the cost per patient treated. The objective of this study was to estimate the average annual cost per patient (unit cost) with diabetes among 60 primary health facilities in Mexico comparing comprehensive diabetes management medical offices (MIDE) and those from general practice (Non-MIDE). Methods. We described the variation in unit costs across these two types of medical offices and explored factors associated. Unit costs were the sum of staff, medications, laboratory tests, and equipment. We show descriptive statistics to analyze the heterogeneity of unit costs, and the distribution of total costs by input and the distribution of staff costs by personnel all by medical office. We estimated a multivariate linear regression model to explore factors associated with the unit costs. Results. Unit costs vary from $267.2 USD in Non-MIDE offices to $410.6 for MIDE. Unit costs were negatively associated with scale, Non-MIDE offices, medical competence, patient knowledge of diabetes and positively associated with comorbidities. Conclusions. Results from this study might help design more efficient programs for diabetes care in primary health facilities to reduce the burden of diabetes in the system. Investing in staff training and educational interventions to increase patient knowledge of diabetes could be promising interventions to reduce diabetes care costs in primary care settings.
Preoperative Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score Predicts Short-Term Surgical Prognosis in Patients with Gastric Cancer After Laparoscopy-Assisted Radical Gastrectomy
Authors: Qian Yun , Liu Huaying , Pan Junhai , Yu Weihua , Lv Jiemin , Yan Jiafei , Gao Jiaqi , Zhou Wei , Wang Xianfa , Ge Xiaolong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is an emerging nutrition assessment tool that is very useful in patients with gastric cancer who usually experience weight loss and malnutrition. The aim of our study was to assess the predictive ability of the preoperative CONUT score for short-term prognosis in patients with gastric cancer undergoing laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 309 patients who underwent curative laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy. The patients were divided into two groups according to the optimal cutoff value of the CONUT score. The clinical association for the CONUT score, characteristics, and postoperative complications were evaluated and analyzed. The risk factors for complications were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: The preoperative CONUT score showed a good predictive ability for postoperative complications (AUC=0.718，Youden index=0.343)，with an optimal cutoff value of 2.5. The patients with high CONUT scores had a higher incidence of overall complications (P<0.001) and mild complications (P<0.001). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that the CONUT score was independently associated with postoperative complications (P=0.012；OR=2.433；95%CI：1.218-4.862).Conclusions：The preoperative CONUT score was identified as a reliable nutritional assessment tool for predicting short-term prognosis in patients with gastric cancer after laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy.
Hspa4 Knockdown Retarded Progression and Development of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Mingliang , Dai Weigang , Li Zhanyu , Tang Liang , Chen Jianhui , Chen Chuangqi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the fourth most common cause of cancer death. The heat shock 70 kDa protein 4 (HSPA4) participate in progression and development of cancers. However, the cellular functions, potential molecular mechanisms of HSPA4 in CRC are still largely unknown.
Methods

In this study, qRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to identify the constructed HSPA4 knockdown cell lines, which was further used to construct mouse xenotransplantation models. Effects of HSPA4 knockdown on cell proliferation, apoptotic, cell cycle and migration of CRC were examined using Celigo cell counting assay, Flow cytometry, wound healing assay and Transwell assay, respectively. In addition, Human Apoptosis Antibody Array was performed to explore downstream molecular mechanism of HSPA4 in CRC cells.
Results

HSPA4 was overexpressed in CRC, which was positively associated with lymphatic metastasis (N value), number of Lymph node. In addition, high expression of HSPA4 predicted poor prognosis of patients with CRC. Furthermore, HSPA4 knockdown inhibit proliferation, migration, promote apoptosis, and arrest cell cycle of CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, in vivo results supported HSPA4 knockdown inhibit tumor growth. Additionally, the induction of apoptosis of CRC cells by HSPA4 knockdown required the participation of a series of apoptosis-related proteins. The downregulation of HSPA4 promoted the progression of CRC cells, which resulted in alterations of PI3K/Akt, CCND1 and CDK6 in downstream signaling pathways.
Conclusions

In sum, the downregulation of HSPA4 promoted CRC and may be a potential target for molecular therapy.