bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interrogative intonation in monolingual Amazonian Spanish
Authors: Elias-Ulloa Jose Alberto 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article studies the interrogative intonation of Peruvian Amazonian Spanish spoken by monolinguals in the cities of Pucallpa and Iquitos. Despite the fact that the varieties have different linguistic substrata and that they are located hundreds of miles apart, both behave alike intonationally. In contrast to other varieties of Spanish, they have a strong preference for a rising-pitch accent with an early peak that occurs in both pre-nuclear and nuclear positions. When the rising-pitch accent with a late peak occurs, it is restricted mostly to the first non-nuclear position. The results also confirm Garcia’s (2011) finding about the existence of a rising-pitch accent with an extended peak in Pucallpa Spanish. Both dialects employ four heights in their tonal boundaries.
When humour backfires
Authors: Maíz-Arévalo Carmen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present study stems from previous work on self-presentation in Whats­App users’ profile status. However, its main goal is to gauge other users’ reactions to Whats­App “humorous” statuses. In other words, do other users find statuses intended as humorous “funny”? To this purpose, the methodological approach adopted is both quantitative and qualitative. For the quantitative stage, a survey was carried out where participants were presented with eight statuses intended (as reported by their creators) to be humorous. These eight statuses represented both male and female Whats­App users (four each) as well as different strategies to construct humour (e.g., intertextuality, wordplay, absurdity). After piloting the survey, it was launched online, and 142 participants carried it out. Findings show that humour does not always lead to the desired effect and can indeed trigger negative evaluations and/or perplexity on other interlocutors. As a result, the user’s intended self-presentation as a witty, funny individual fails to hit its target and may contribute to other users’ negative perception of their persona.
Implementing Task-basedlanguage teaching in an Asian context
Authors: Nguyen Thi Anh , Jaspaert† Koen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTask-based language teaching (TBLT) has increasingly been used in an Asian context. However, research into its implementation in Vietnam remains scarce. This study aims to investigate the effects of a task-based intervention on learners’ performance of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks compared to the effects of a more traditional teaching method (TTM), which is based on form-focused instruction in combination with the Presentation-Practice-Production method. Through a pretest-posttest design, the researcher can measure the effects of the two settings on learners’ progress. The results show that the participants in the TBLT setting outperformed the participants in the TTM setting for speaking, listening and writing, but not for reading. The results of this study will encourage more research in the field of TBLT implementation in Vietnam.
The footnote in Late Modern English historiographical writing
Authors: Claridge Claudia , Wagner Sebastian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
An aspect distinguishing historical from other narration is the historiographers’ engagement with sources and other scholars, which shows as intertextuality in the text. A prominent intertextual device is the (foot)note, which originates around 1700 (Grafton 1997: 191) and whose institutionalised presence separates older, literary historiography from the more modern scholarly type and with regard to frequency of use also history from other humanities research (Koskela and Männikkö 2009: 155). A footnote may simply be used to provide a reference, the origin of information and thus evidence. Additionally this evidence may be further commented on. If there is more or other content than a reference, the text-note coherence relationship can be described by adapting the Hallidayan (clause) expansion types of elaboration, extension and enhancement. The exploratory study further shows that positioning of self and others within the historiographical discourse community can be done via stance devices in the footnote text.
Paratextual features in 18th-century medical writing
Authors: Lonati Elisabetta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study focusses on the paratextual apparatus of 18th-century medical writing, with specific reference to tables of contents, indexes, appendices and glossaries in handbooks and compendia published in the second half of the century. The analysis, carried out on a sample of relevant works of the period, investigates both the layout (structural organisation on the page), and language issues (use of English to convey meaning). In particular, the relationship between the type and function of the paratext, along with the systematisation of contents through language are at the core of the discussion. The results of the analysis highlight the relevance of basic and complex paratextual patterns in medical writing. The interaction of layout and language frames medical contents for the reader (front matter), whereas back matter expands the main text by mapping connections and dependencies (indexes), adding lists of medicines and remedies (appendices), and explanatory terminology (glossaries).
Noun phrases in other-repetitions
Authors: Lindström Jan K. , Huhtamäki Martina , Londen Anne-Marie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study examines noun phrases in a specific sequential context: other-repetitions in Swedish conversation, including everyday as well as institutional interaction. Repeating the previous speaker’s words can have various interactional functions, e.g., initiating repair, indicating surprise or challenge, or registering information. Our distributional results show that the NP is the typical item in repetition turns. The original structures targeted by repetitions vary from a single NP to clausal units housing NPs. The analysis shows that the identification of the interactional function of other-repetitions builds on their sequential position, prosodic design, and contextual information. Other-repetitions serve the general function of promoting intersubjectivity and participation in conversation, and the NP is demonstrably a central vehicle for this.
Multiple nominal expressions in Garrwa conversation
Authors: Mushin Ilana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Noun phrases have long been a contested category in studies of Australian language grammars. In this chapter I use a corpus of conversations in the Northern Australian language Garrwa to show how the syntactic and prosodic design of referring expressions consisting of a demonstrative nominal and a common nominal is highly sensitive to the place in and relevance to the unfolding interactional sequence in which the referring expression occurs. In particular, I show that the design of referential nominal expressions in Garrwa conversations display a systematic relationship between more phrase-like constructions and smooth, progressive talk, and less phrase-like formulations and sequential and topical boundaries.
A shape optimization approach for electrical impedance tomography with point measurements
Authors: Albuquerque Yuri Flores , Laurain Antoine , Sturm Kevin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Working within the class of piecewise constant conductivities, the inverse problem of electrical impedance tomography can be recast as a shape optimization problem where the discontinuity interface is the unknown. Using Gröger’s

W

p

1

-estimates for mixed boundary value problems, the averaged adjoint method is extended to the case of Banach spaces, which allows one to compute the derivative of shape functionals involving point evaluations. We compute the corresponding distributed expression of the shape derivative and show that it may contain Dirac measures in addition to the usual domain integrals. We use this distributed shape derivative to devise a numerical algorithm, show various numerical results supporting the method, and based on these results we discuss the influence of the point measurements patterns on the quality of the reconstructions.
Fully 3D printed soft microactuators for soft microrobotics
Authors: Tyagi Manav , Spinks Geoffrey M , Jager Edwin W H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The feasibility of additive manufacturing actuating microstructures and microdevices with small dimension is presented. Using a custom-built extrusion 3D printer and CAD model of the device structure, bilayer microactuators driven by hydrogels are fabricated down to a size of 300 × 1000 μm2, with a minimum thickness of 30 μm. To explore the limitations of the 3D printing process, microactuators with a width of 300 μm and lengths ranging from 1000 to 5000 μm are manufactured and thereafter operated to demonstrate the feasibility of the process. Similarly, microrobotic devices consisting of a passive rigid body and flexible moving parts are 3D printed to illustrate the ease and versatility of the additive manufacturing technique to fabricate soft microgrippers or micromanipulators.
Production of natural dyes from black rice bran extract on solid to solvent ratio and various of pH solvent
Authors: Wartini N M , Wrasiati L P , Widnyani I A A , Putra G P G , Wijaya I M A S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Black rice bran is a byproduct of black rice removal process. It has the potential to be a source of natural dyes. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of solid to solvent ratio (1:10, 1:15 and 1:20) and various pH solvents (3,4,5, and 6) on characteristics of natural dyes from black rice bran extract and determine the best treatment to produce natural dyes from rice black bran extract. Extraction process used maceration method at ambient temperature. The experiment was designed using factorial randomized block design, and if there was a treatment that had a significant effect, it was continued with a Duncan test. The result showed that the solid to solvent ratio, various pH solvent, and their interactions had a significant effect on yield, anthocyanin content, and colors (L*, a* and b*). The best treatment is solid to solvent 1:10 and the value of pH 3, with characteristic 9,45% yield, 596,94 mg/l anthocyanin, 810,56 mg GAE/100 g polyphenol, and color (L* value 51.53, a value 26.93, b value 42.13).
Model of plant schedules for organic vegetables considering crop rotation rules to reduce pesticide usage
Authors: Kasih P H , Rusdiansyah A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with organic vegetable production planning by which the farmer has to determine the cropping schedules for each land parcels to maximize land parcels occupation. There is more than one variety of crops to be planted and some of these crops are included in one type of botanical family. The farmers do not use pesticide, instead, they use crop rotation in the planting process to minimize pest attack to obtain optimal yields. They must consider the ecological constraints in which farmers must determine the crop sequence and in which land parcel each vegetable must be planted in firm lands by following the rules of crop rotation. The crop included in one botanical family should not be planted sequentially in the same land parcel. We propose a linear programming model to develop organic vegetable production. The decision variable in this study is binary, 1 if one of the crops is cultivated during period j at land parcels k, 0 otherwise. The result show that the cropping schedules of each crop in each land parcel are in one rotation period. To evaluate the performance of the model, numerical experiments using real-world data were performed.
Life cycle assessment of wafer biscuit production
Authors: Ismayana A , Ibrahim O A , Yani M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method was used to determine the amount of potential emissions generated from the production activities of the wafer biscuit. The objectives of this study were (1) to observe all of input and output of the production process, (2) to analyze the potential of environmental impacts, (3) and to provide alternative improvements in efforts to reduce the environmental impacts. The LCA method consisted of four stages: determination of goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment analysis, and interpretation analysis. Based on observations of existing activities, the scope of this research was set for “gate to gate” and the impact analysis included global warming potential, eutrophication, and acidification. The results of the impact analysis showed that production of wafer biscuit produced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 1.5161 kg-CO2-eq/kg-product, acidification of 0.0115 kg-SO2-eq/kg-product, and eutrophication of 0.0131 kg-PO4
3−eq/kg-product. There were four alternative improvements that should be done to reduce environmental impacts; (1) the use of solar water heater which could decrease GHG emissions by 8%, acidification by 13%, and eutrophication by 0.56%, (2) replacement of refrigerant types could lower GHG emissions by 19%, acidification of 13%, and eutrophication of 0.57%, (3) reuse of cooling water reduced GHG emissions by 7%, acidification by 11%, and eutrophication by 32.21%, and (4) improvement in waste treatment would reduce emissions eutrophication as much as 83.86%.
Caracterization of the Green Pointer Laser Beam Value as an Obstacle Sensor on Various Background Colors
Authors: Putri I , Rusnam  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Obstacle detection sensor is an important development tool of autonomous vehicles in recognizing its environment. Green laser pointer is an example of a sensor in the form of visibe light beam to detect the obstacles that are in the track of the tractor. This research aimed to Determine the variation of green laser beam as an obstacle sensors in different backgrounds and different intensity of light. This system used a CMOS camera and cctv lense 0-60 mm of focal length as the prime sensor and a green laser pointer at 532±10 nm with a maximum of 98 0 mW output power. Asicap software used to capture the image of the green laser pointer and then the image processed by using ArcMap 10.5 to determine the coordinat of the green laser and its RGB pixels. The camera is capable to detect the green laser pointer beam with intensities up to 50000 lux° with Temperature 51.6 ° C and 40.3% of humadity from 2 meters until 7 meters from Potition captured. From the tests carried out it appears that the normalization value of green laser light, especially for the maximum and minimum values of the components of green on various types of objects look the same. Especially for the minimum green value. This states that the various types of green laser beam sighting objects have the same minimum value, so the coding program will be the same.
Comparative Study of Three Rice Brands’ Quality through Measuring Broken Rice Percentage using Sortex A ColorVision (Buhler) Optical Sorters
Authors: Sairi S A M , Mustaffha S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study is focusing on comparing three rice brands quality in determining the percentage of broken rice by using the ejection system method. Broken rice is referred to rice grains broken into smaller pieces in length and could adversely impact rice quality and marketing price. Generally, conventional methods using micrometers to separate broken rice from normal rice are used to determine broken rice percentage. However, these methods are laborious and time-consuming. Therefore, this study was set to employ an ejection system method by using Sortex A ColorVision optical sorter machine to compare the quality of three rice brands (Jati, Cap Rambutan and Faiza Emas) in terms of their broken rice percentages. The broken rice ratios were measured three times and expressed as average values. The Sortex A ColorVision optical sorter could deliver an acceptable efficiency in optical sorting. The sorter uses up to two types of visible wavelengths, where it allows for excellent detection by color, shape, and length of an object. Hence, the Sortex A ColorVision could successfully determine the percentage of broken rice. According to the results obtained, among the three rice brands investigated only Faiza Emas rice brand was found to meet the requirements set forth by the government of Malaysia for broken rice percentage which is the maximum of 5% for packed rice. While the broken rice percentage in Cap Rambutan and Jati rice brands were stood at 7% and 13%, respectively. As a conclusion, the Sortex A ColorVision Optical machine sorting rice was found as a rapid reliable method to determine broken rice percentage and to compare commercial rice brands on the market.
Ant Species Composition (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) at a Highland Agricultural Area for Wheat and Potato in Alahan Panjang, West Sumatera
Authors: Herwina H , Mairawita  , Yulvita L , Putri D , Satria R , Janra M N , Yaherwandi  , Sakamaki Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A study about ant species composition in a highland of agricultural areas at Alahan Panjang Village, Solok District, West Sumatra Province was conducted in 2016 by using modified of quads protocol methods. A total of 18 ant species belonging to four subfamilies, eight tribes and 15 genera was collected. Myrmicinae was the highest in species number (eight species) followed by Formicinae (five species), Dolichoderinae (three species) and Ponerinae (two species). All ant species were different between two plantations except Monomorium florica (Jerdon, 1851) which was collected for both. Carebara cf. pygmaeus Emery, 1887 was the highest in the number of individuals which was found at Wheat site. Six functional group of ants were detected from all species collected.
Varietal Effect on Engineering Properties and Proximate Composition of Organic Rice in Eastern Java Indonesia
Authors: Taruna I , Marhaenanto B , Purbasari D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Engineering properties and proximate composition of milled rice was determined for different organic rice varieties, i.e. Ciherang (CH), IR-64 (IR), Sintanur (ST), Pandanwangi (PW), Merah Bali (MB), Coklat Berlian (CB), Merah A2 (MA) and Hitam Melik (HM). The engineering properties parameters included the length (L), width (W), L/W ratio, 1000 kernels weight, bulk density (ρb), angle of repose (φ), thermal conductivity (k), volumetric specific heat (Cp), thermal diffusivity (α), and colour attributes (L*, a*, b*). The proximate compositions of rice were evaluated in terms of the protein, carbohydrate, fat, ash, moisture, and amylose contents. The results showed that organic rice kernels from eastern Java ranged from “medium” to “long” according to their L values and seemed to have slender to medium shape based on their L/W ratio. The weight of 1000 rice kernels were about 18.00-23.29 g depending on the variety, in which the varieties of IR and MA indicated the lowest and highest values, respectively. The ρb values of rice varied from 0.77 to 0.88 g/cm3, while the φ values were about 21.1-26.3°. The highest k, Cp, and α values were revealed by varieties of PW (0.115 W/m.K), MB (2.236 MJ/m3.K), and CB (0.099 mm2/s), respectively. It was found that non-white color organic rice varieties, including MB, CB, MA, and HM, showed higher protein and fat contents than white color rice samples such as CH, IR, ST, and PW. The present organic rice samples were categorized as “low” to “intermediate” amylose content with a variety of values from 16.6 to 21.8%.
Production of Crude Xylanase From Trichoderma sp. Using Reutealis trisperma Exocarp Substrate in Solid State Fermentation
Authors: Mardawati E , Sinurat Y , Yuliana T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Reutealis trisperma exocarp is a waste containing hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin which can be used to produce xylanase enzymes. Reutealis trisperma exocarp contains 44.48% of hemicellulose, a polymer of xylan. The xylanase is an enzyme that can be utilized for hydrolyzing hemicellulose (xylan) to xylose. Xylanase can be produced by solid-state fermentation using isolate Trichoderma sp and Reutealis trisperma exocarp as substrate. This research aims to determine the fermentation time and substrate concentration that produce the highest xylanase activity using Trichoderma sp. In this study, the crude extract enzyme was evaluated on xylanase activity, protein content and specific activity at various fermentation times of 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 h using substrate concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%. The highest xylanase activity was observed with the substrate concentration of 8% at the 60 hour fermentation time. In this process, 672.039 U/mL of xylanase activity, protein content around 0.590 mg / mL and 1137.638 U/mg of the specific activity were produced.
Relationships among Global Climate Indices and Rainfall Pattern to Detect Impact of Climate Change in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho B D A , Nurrohman R K , Sudira P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Indications of climate change can be known from the changes in rainfall distribution pattern and its volume. Yogyakarta Special Region lately often experiences drought, and has an impact on decreasing agriculture productivity and crop failure in several districts. Some of the research that has been done has not reviewed specifically in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with several Global Climate Indices and has not been spatially displayed. The aims of this research is to determine the relationship between the global climate indices with rainfall patterns in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Global Climate Indices data used are: Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Sea Surface Temperature Nino 3.4, Sea Surface Temperature Nino West, and Indian Ocean Basin-wide Warming (IOBW), and rainfall data for 2009-2013. The analysis process uses Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method to determine the relationship between the Global Climate Index and rainfall patterns and then change the data to be spatial using GIS. Based on the results, overall rainfall is negatively correlated with SOI, the area with a quite strong negative correlation (> -0.462) in the northernmost areas namely Cangkringan, Pakem and Ngemplak Districts, and the correlation value continues to decline to the southern regions. The correlation of rainfall with SST Nino 3.4 is dominantly negatively correlated and the area with strong enough negative correlation (> -0.492) in the northern and southernmost regions, namely Pakem, Cangkringan, Ngemplak, Saptosari, Tanjungsari, and Girisubo Districts, and the correlation value continues to decrease to the middle area. Then the correlation of rainfall with Nino West overall has a positive value, the northern region has a strong correlation (> -0.455) in the Districts of Pakem, Cangkringan and Ngemplak, while other regions have a strong enough correlation (> -0.455). The last correlation is with IOBW, it is divided into 2 areas that have positive correlations in the north and south areas and the negative correlation of the middle part is almost entirely, areas with strong positive correlations (> 0.57), namely in Tanjungsari and Girisubo Districts and areas with strong negative correlations (-0,556) in Pundong District. Thus it can be concluded that the Global Climate Indices (SOI, SST Nino 3.4, Nino West, and IOBW) influences the pattern of rainfall distribution in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.