bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fmoc-diphenylalanine-based hydrogels as a potential carrier for drug delivery
Authors: Choe Ranjoo , Il Yun Seok 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Self-assembled hydrogels from 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-modified diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) peptides were evaluated as potential vehicles for drug delivery. During self-assembly of Fmoc-FF, high concentrations of indomethacin (IDM) drugs were shown to be incorporated into the hydrogels. The β-sheet arrangement of peptides was found to be predominant in Fmoc-FF–IDM hydrogels regardless of the IDM content. The release mechanism for IDM displayed a biphasic profile comprising an initial hydrogel erosion-dominated stage followed by the diffusion-controlled stage. Small amounts of polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) added to the hydrogel (Fmoc-FF 0.5%–IDM 0.5%–PAMAM 0.03%) resulted in a more prolonged IDM release compared with Fmoc-FF 0.5%–IDM 0.5% hydrogel. Furthermore, these IDM-loaded hydrogels demonstrated excellent thixotropic response and injectability, which make them suitable candidates for use as injectable self-healing matrices for drug delivery.
Special Drawing Rights: International Monetary Support for Developing Countries in Times of the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Gallagher Kevin , Ocampo José Antonio , Volz Ulrich 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A major issuance of special drawing rights (SDRs) through the International Monetary Fund would be a key tool to provide financial support to developing and emerging economies and limit the economic and financial fallout of the COVID-19 crisis. SDRs are an unconditional resource, and the case for such an allocation is very strong during an exogenous shock, such as the current one. An SDR allocation would enhance the international liquidity in the hands of emerging and developing countries, so that public responses to the health crisis are not imperilled by financial crises. Close to two-fifths of a new SDR allocation would directly go to developing and emerging economies. In addition, a new mechanism should be created through which countries that do not need their SDR allocation lend them to the IMF, to increase the Fund’s lending capacity. Developed countries can also allocate the SDRs they do not use for official development assistance.
Skimming through search
Authors: Rouskas Evangelos 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
I examine a two-period duopolistic market for a durable good where firms compete in prices. Consumers are heterogeneous and can be described according to the following characteristics (i) high valuation and high search intensity; (ii) high valuation and low search intensity; (iii) low valuation and high search intensity; and (iv) low valuation and low search intensity. The market exhibits a new version of the so-called Coasian dynamics. The firms engage in intertemporal price discrimination and only consumers with high valuation and low search intensity purchase the product early. This result is based on a property which dictates that the consumers with high valuation and low search intensity are the most impatient. I call this the skimming through search property. When the difference between the high and the low valuation is small, there is positive probability that the prices in the first period are lower than the prices in the second period, so each firm may set a decreasing sequence of prices in a stochastic sense. Furthermore, when the percentage of consumers with high valuation increases, all consumers pay lower prices. This inter-consumer externality resembles the positive externality caused by an increase in market transparency.
Prediction of neutral detergent fiber content in corn stover using near-infrared spectroscopy technique
Authors: Pan Xuyang , Sun Laijun , Sun Guobing , Rong Panxiang , Lu Yuncai , Li Jinlong , Liu Yangyang , Zhang Chen , Song Ziwei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content was the critical indicator of fiber in corn stover. This study aimed to develop a prediction model to precisely measure NDF content in corn stover using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique. Here, spectral data ranging from 400 to 2500 nm were obtained by scanning 530 samples, and Monte Carlo Cross Validation and the pretreatment were used to preprocess the original spectra. Moreover, the interval partial least square (iPLS) was employed to extract feature wavebands to reduce data computation. The PLSR model was built using two spectral regions, and it was evaluated with the coefficient of determination (R
2) and root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) obtaining 0.97 and 0.65%, respectively. The overall results proved that the developed prediction model coupled with spectral data analysis provides a set of theoretical foundations for NIRS techniques application on measuring fiber content in corn stover.
Predicting the moisture content of Daqu with hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Hu Xinjun , Chen Ping , Tian Jianping , Huang Danping , Luo Huibo , Huang Dan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Daqu, a Chinese liquor fermentation starter, contains all kinds of microorganisms and enzymes for Chinese liquor fermentation. The moisture content of Daqu significantly influence on the reproduction of microorganisms in Daqu. This work presents for the first time that determination of moisture content of Daqu with hyperspectral imaging. The characteristic spectrum of water is extracted based on comparative experiments with varying moisture content. The molds based on the full bands and feature bands were established by the support vector regression (SVR) method, which is used to predict moisture content of Daqu during fermentation process. The performance of the model based on the feature bands (R
2 = 0.9870, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.0091) is comparable to the full bands and the dimensions of the spectral information were significantly reduced. This work presents a novel, rapid and nondestructive approach for detecting the moisture content in Daqu and lays a foundation for the application of hyperspectral imaging.
The monotone iterative method for the integral boundary value problems of fractionalp-Laplacian equations with delay
Authors: Wei Chunyan , Liu Xiping , Jia Mei , Zhang Luchao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBased on the theory of lower and upper solutions, we study the monotone iterative method for the nonlinear integral boundary value problems of fractionalp-Laplacian equations with delay, which involves both Riemann–Liouville derivative and Caputo derivative. Some new results on the existence of positive solutions are established and the iterative methods for finding approximate solutions of the boundary value problem are obtained. Finally, two examples are given out to illustrate the numerical solution and the related graphic simulations are also provided.
Performance investigation of free space optics link employing polarization division multiplexing and coherent detection-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing under different link parameters
Authors: Shri Tanu , Suman Anita , Kumar Parveen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Free space optics (FSO) is a novel transmission technique capable of providing high-capacity links with large bandwidth and robustness against electromagnetic waves interference. In this work, we demonstrate the development of a 100 Gbps FSO link which employs the hybridization of polarization division multiplexing technique and coherent detection-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing technique. Further, we have investigated the system performance by varying different parameters like the input power, the size of the receiver antenna, wavelength of laser beam, the angle of beam divergence, and the additional losses. The proposed system has been modeled and analyzed over Optisystem test bed.
Clinical features of the diabetes eating problem survey–revised Turkish version in children and adolescent with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Sagsak Elif , Onder Asan , Peltek Kendirci Havva Nur , Yıldız Metin , Karaman Aksakal Derya , Karayurt Umran , Bıkmazer Alperen , Çakıroğlu Süleyman , Sertçelik Mehmet 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We aim to delineate clinical characteristics that place individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) at risk of developing eating problems by using Turkish version of diabetes eating problem survey-revised (DEPS-R).

Methods
The patients aged 9–18 years with T1DM who came to the pediatric endocrine outpatient clinic for control between February and December 2019 completed Turkish version of DEPS-R. Clinical and laboratory findings were obtained from patient files. Cases with a questionnaire score ≥20 were considered to be at risk for eating disorders (ED). Parents were informed when the results of the screening were positive, and were offered to child psychiatrist.

Results
The median scores obtained with the Turkish version of DEPS-R for the total sample, for females and males were 15, 16, and 13 respectively. The score was significantly higher among females compared to males (p<0.001). DEPS‐R score positive group had higher age (mean [SD]=14.6 [2.7], p=0.009), BMI (mean [SD]=21.4 [3.2], p<0.001), HbA1c % (mean [SD]=9.37[2.3], p<0.001) and year of diabetes duration (mean [SD]=5.5 [3.6], p<0.001) compared to the negative group.

Conclusions
Early recognition and adequate treatment of ED in T1DM is essential. DEPS-R is sensitive in identifying young people with ED.
Illiberal Measures in Backsliding Democracies: Differences and Similarities between Recent Developments in Israel, Hungary, and Poland
Authors: Kremnitzer Mordechai , Shany Yuval 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Around the world, many liberal democracies are facing in recent years serious challenges and threats emanating inter alia from the rise of political populism. Such challenges and threats are feeding an almost existential discourse about the crisis of democracy, and recent legal and political developments in Israel aimed at weakening the power of the Supreme Court and other rule of law institutions have also been described in such terms. This Article primarily intends to explore the relevance of the discourse surrounding the decline of liberal democracy, and its possible relevance for Israeli democracy, by examining the principal similarities and differences between specific legislative and administrative measures recently taken or contemplated in Israel and in two Central European states: Poland and Hungary. We focus on three sets of illiberal measures adopted or contemplated in Hungary, Poland, and Israel: (i) measures directed at limiting the power of the judiciary; (ii) measures intended to restrict the operation of civil society organizations; and (iii) measures directed at curbing dissent to governmental policies and at influencing the discourse in the media and academia. Although Israeli democratic institutions still retain much of their independence and vitality, we nonetheless find some degree of similarity between measures taken or contemplated by Hungary, Poland, and Israel, despite the many differences between their legal systems, historical contexts, political cultures, and the distinct stages of backsliding they seem to experience.
Assessment of knowledge of use of electronic cigarette and its harmful effects among young adults
Authors: Gupta Vidushi , Sharma Madhu , Srikant Natarajan , Manaktala Nidhi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The practice of young adults smoking e-cigarette may have been adopted as a way of smoking cessation or just to follow a trend. Most people still remain unaware of the detrimental effects of e-cigarette. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of the habit of smoking e-cigarette and the awareness of its harmful effects among adults aged 18–23 years.

Methods
A questionnaire adopted from a study conducted in Italy was used in the study following due permission. After taking their consent, participants were requested to fill the survey irrespective of their smoking status.

Results
In total the study comprised 710 participants aged 20.7 ± 1.7 years (females = 412 and males = 298) from six countries. Most respondents were from India followed by the USA and then the UK. The most common mode of information for the participants on the existence of e-cigarette was from the family members, friends followed by Internet search engines and TV/newspaper advertisements. Among the participants, e-cigarette had a prevalence of 5.63%. Among these, 26 participants were using e-cigarette for less than 1 year and 2 participants for more than 5 years. E-cigarette smokers also experienced sore throat, cough, headache, dizziness and sleeplessness.

Conclusion
Majority of the young population was unaware about the use and harmful effects of e-cigarette.
Diaspora micro-influencers and COVID-19 communication on social media: The case of Chinese-speaking YouTube vloggers
Authors: Zhang Leticia-Tian , Zhao Sumin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiaspora vloggers–migrants who produce video blogs in the language of their home countries for a transnational diaspora community–have been a largely overlooked group in the studies of social media. This paper focuses on the unique role of Chinese diaspora vloggers during an unprecedented global event—the COVID-19 pandemic. Using manual keyword search (e.g.,zhaijia riji,faguo yiqing) and chance sampling (i.e., following platform recommendation), we collected 26 videos (07:44:30) from six Chinese YouTube micro-influencers (1–100k followers) located in Germany, the US, Australia, France, Italy, and Korea. Drawing on theories of narrative and stance-taking, we analyzed how these diaspora vloggers relate their experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that vloggers display both universal (e.g., fears) and culturally specific (e.g., mask-wearing) feelings, and invite their viewers to co-construe the emotional experience (e.g., the pronounniand address termdajia). Moreover, through different ways of “being Chinese”, vloggers orient their discourse to a unique audience—transnational Chinese-speaking diaspora. Our findings point to the emergence of a new form of migrant identity in the age of social media and highlight the importance of understanding such identities in delivering public health information in global emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Black phosphorus (BP)–graphene guided-wave surface plasmon resonance (GWSPR) biosensor
Authors: Su Mingyang , Chen Xueyu , Tang Linwei , Yang Bo , Zou Haijian , Liu Junmin , Li Ying , Chen Shuqing , Fan Dianyuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Due to lower out-of-plane electrical conductance, black phosphorus (BP) provides a suitable host material for improving the sensitivity of biosensors. However, BP oxidizes easily, which limits practical applications. In this article, we propose a sensitivity-enhanced guided-wave surface plasmon resonance (GWSPR) biosensor based on a BP–graphene hybrid structure. This BP–graphene hybrid structure exhibits strong antioxidation properties and exceptional biomolecule-trapping capability, which improve the stability and sensitivity of GWSPR biosensors, respectively. We show that the proposed GWSPR biosensor can distinguish refractive indices in the range of 1.33–1.78 RIU (RIU is the unit of RI), and the sensitivity reaches a maximum of 148.2°/RIU when the refractive index of sensing target is 1.33 RIU. The high sensitivity and broad detection range indicate that the proposed biosensor could significantly impact fields such as biological and chemical detection.
Spheroidal trap shell beyond diffraction limit induced by nonlinear effects in femtosecond laser trapping
Authors: Huang Lu , Qin Yaqiang , Jin Yunfeng , Shi Hao , Guo Honglian , Xiao Liantuan , Jiang Yuqiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Beyond diffraction limit, multitrapping of nanoparticles is important in numerous scientific fields, including biophysics, materials science and quantum optics. Here, we demonstrate the 3-dimensional (3D) shell-like structure of optical trapping well induced by nonlinear optical effects in the femtosecond Gaussian beam trapping for the first time. Under the joint action of gradient force, scattering force and nonlinear trapping force, the gold nanoparticles can be stably trapped in some special positions, or hop between the trap positions along a route within the 3D shell. The separation between the trap positions can be adjusted by laser power and numerical aperture (NA) of the trapping objective lens. With a high NA lens, we achieved dual traps with less than 100 nm separation without utilizing complicated optical systems or any on-chip nanostructures. These curious findings will greatly extend and deepen our understanding of optical trapping based on nonlinear interaction and generate novel applications in various fields, such as microfabrication/nanofabrication, sensing and novel micromanipulations.
Simultaneous implementation of antireflection and antitransmission through multipolar interference in plasmonic metasurfaces and applications in optical absorbers and broadband polarizers
Authors: Zhang Jihua , Wei Ran , Guo Chunlei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Metasurfaces have been widely used to control beam propagation e.g. transmission, reflection, and absorption on an interface through a thin layer of nanoantennas with the thickness smaller than the wavelength. However, previous study of metasurfaces typically focused on controlling only one form of these propagations. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a multipolar plasmonic metasurface that can simultaneously realize antireflection (AR) and antitransmission (AT) in the visible and near-infrared regions. The AR and AT arise from destructive multipolar interferences in the backward and forward directions, respectively, i.e., through the generalized Kerker effect. By engineering the multipolar interference, we show that the AR and AT can happen at different or similar wavelength ranges, which can be used for low-absorption spectral filters due to off-resonance operation or inversely strong optical absorbers through near-resonance operation, respectively. We also present a simple two-dimensional design of the multipolar metasurface that supports AT for one polarization and AR for another polarization over a broadband, which is applicable to broadband transmissive polarizers with efficiency over 90% and the extinction ratio over 18 dB. By tuning the dimension and thus the multipolar interference, the transmitted polarization and operation wavelength are both controllable.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ3-2-carboxy-4-(3-carboxy-5-carboxylatophenoxy)benzoato-κ3O:O′:O′′)-bis(μ2-4,4′-bis(pyrid-4-yl)biphenyl-k1
N)copper(II)], C60H40N4O9Cu
Authors: Li Shi-Hui , Tang Qian-Qian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
C60H40N4O9Cu, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.6569(8) Å, b = 10.3941(7) Å, c = 24.9421(16) Å, α = 97.162(5)°, β = 90.953(6)°, γ = 107.788(7)°, V = 2361.3(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0729, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1609, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of ethane-1,2-diylbis(diphenylphosphine oxide) – dihydrogenperoxide (1/2), C26H28O6P2
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
C26H28O6P2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 12.8582(1) Å, b = 12.4664(1) Å, c = 15.4358(1) Å, β = 95.738(1)°, V = 2461.89(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0296, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0809, T = 100(2) K.
Disrupting Carceral Narratives: Race, Rape, and the Archives
Authors: Sutherland Tonia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUsing critical archival studies as a methodological frame, this paper applies theories of the carceral archive to two historic legal cases: the Ala Moana Boys and the Central Park Five. Through these two cases I demonstrate that engaging the three primary underpinnings of the carceral archive—documentary records, narrative construction, and Foucauldian conceptions of “the carceral”—can critically expose, complicate, and unsettle carceral narratives, providing a new theoretical framework for troubling what Nigerian author Chimamanda Adichie calls “the danger of a single story” in the historical record. Finally, I argue that it is through disrupting carceral narratives and centering more liberatory counter-narratives that archives might envision and promote themselves as sites replete with emancipatory impulses and ripe with liberatory potential.
City in Code: The Politics of Urban Modeling in the Age of Big Data
Authors: Johnson Madeline G. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A model is “any representation or concept that helps us to understand the world whenever common sense or direct observations are inadequate.” Common sense and direct observation often prove inadequate to the complexities of the twenty-first-century cities. Thus, models abound in urban life and governance. However, a model is not only a tool for control but a way of defining a situation. Framing the city so as to render it susceptible to interpretation and intervention is an exercise not merely with scientific or technological value but with rhetorical power. The tradition of comprehensive urban models, beginning with the advent of computers and culminating in the self-analyzing “smart city,” I argue, sidelines this rhetorical power in favor of a tone of scientific authority that, while justifiable in technical domains, does not legitimately scale to the level of a political community. Making good on the civic potential of Big Data thus requires recontextualizing properly scientific enterprises within an adequate political philosophy of the city, allowing for the construction of cultural urban models that set human freedom at the core of its inner workings.
Klassifikation, Typologie, Affordanzbestimmung und Funktionalitätsrekonstruktion. Verfahren zur Ordnung von Objekten am Beispiel bronzezeitlicher Waffen
Authors: Jung Matthias 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Klassifikationen und Typologien sind im Kontext archäologischen Handelns Techniken der Systematisierung von Objekten. Als solche haben sie einerseits eine große heuristische Bedeutung als Grundlage für im weitesten Sinne sozialhistorische Interpretationen, sie können aber auch andererseits diese Interpretationen in einer Weise vorstrukturieren, die im Deutungsprozess nicht mehr reflektiert wird. Konnotationen, die mit der klassifikatorischen und typologischen Ansprache verbunden sind, verfestigen sich so zu Gewissheiten, welche einer Revision weitgehend entzogen sind. Erläutert wird dies am Beispiel bronzezeitlicher Waffen, und daran anschließend sollen zwei Verfahren aufgezeigt werden, mit denen sich derartige Gewissheiten aufbrechen lassen: durch eine Bestimmung der Affordanz der Objekte und eine Rekonstruktion ihrer Funktionalität.
Exclusivity as a Signal of Quality in a Market with Word-of-Mouth Communication
Authors: Ashoori Minoo , Schmidbauer Eric , Stock Axel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn some markets consumers seek exclusive consumption experiences, yet in these markets businesses sometimes market their goods widely and at low prices during an introduction period. We use a two-period game-theoretic model to provide a signaling explanation for this phenomenon. In our model, exclusivity-seeking consumers must infer product quality from its price and level of exclusivity in the initial stage. After purchase consumers communicate the true learned quality through word-of-mouth (WOM) so that the entire market becomes informed, including a group of new consumers whose size depends on the number of introductory purchasers and the strength of WOM. We show that a high-quality seller signals by marketing widely when the desire for exclusivity is intermediate and WOM is strong.