bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early‐ and long‐term outcomes of liver transplantation with rescue allocation grafts
Authors: Kitano Yuki , Allard Marc‐Antoine , Nakada Shinichiro , Beghdadi Nassiba , Karam Vincent , Vibert Eric , Sa Cunha Antonio , Castaing Denis , Cherqui Daniel , Baba Hideo , Adam René 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn France, liver grafts which have been refused by at least five centers are proposed as rescue allocation (RA). The aim of this study is to clarify the feasibility and safety of RA grafts in liver transplantation (LT). Short‐ and long‐term outcomes of patients who received RA grafts (RA group) were compared with those of patients who received standard allocation (SA) grafts (SA group). From a total of 1635 patients, 102 patients received RA grafts. Before matching, the RA group was characterized primarily by less severe liver disease, but the quality of graft was worse. After matching recipients' characteristics of 102 patients who used RA grafts with 306 patients who used SA grafts, recipients' characteristics were well balanced (1:3 matching). Although the rate of primary dysfunction was significantly higher in the RA group, there is no significant difference in the occurrence of major complications, length of hospitalization, and mortality between two groups. Graft survival (GS) and overall survival (OS) in the RA group were not significantly different from the SA group (GS; HR = 1.03 P = .89, OS; HR = 1.03 P = .90). In the French allocation system, the feasibility and safety of RA grafts might be comparable to SA grafts for carefully selected patients.
Aberrant Cerebellar Resting‐State Functional Connectivity Related to Reading Performance in Struggling Readers
Authors: Greeley Brian , Weber Rachel C. , Denyer Ronan , Ferris Jennifer K. , Rubino Cristina , White Katherine , Boyd Lara A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReading is a critical neurodevelopmental skill for school‐aged children, which requires a distributed network of brain regions including the cerebellum. However, we do not know how functional connectivity between the cerebellum and other brain regions contributes to reading. Here we used resting‐state functional connectivity to understand the cerebellum's role in decoding, reading speed, and comprehension in a group of struggling readers (RD) and a group of adolescents and children with typical reading abilities (TD). We observed an increase in functional connectivity between the sensorimotor network and the left angular gyrus, left lateral occipital cortex, and right inferior frontal gyrus in the RD group relative to the TD group. Additionally, functional connectivity between the cerebellum network and the precentral gyrus was decreased and was related to reading fluency in the RD group. Seed‐based analysis revealed increased functional connectivity between crus 1, lobule 6, and lobule 8 of the cerebellum and brain regions related to the default mode network and the motor system for the RD group. We also found associations between reading performance and the functional connectivity between lobule 8 of the cerebellum and the left angular gyrus for both groups, with stronger relationships in the TD group. Specifically, the RD group displayed a positive relationship between functional connectivity, whereas the TD group displayed the opposite relationship. These results suggest that the cerebellum is involved in multiple components of reading performance and that functional connectivity differences observed in the RD group may contribute to poor reading performance.
Phenotypic spectrum of patients with GABRB2 variants: from mild febrile seizures to severe epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Yang Ying , Xiangwei Wenshu , Zhang Xiaoli , Xiao Jiangxi , Chen Jiaoyang , Yang Xiaoling , Jia Tianming , Yang Zhixian , Jiang Yuwu , Zhang Yuehua 
Published: July 2020

AimTo characterize the different phenotypes of GABRB2‐related epilepsy and to establish a genotype–phenotype correlation.MethodWe used next‐generation sequencing to identify GABRB2 variants in 15 patients.ResultsEleven GABRB2 variants were novel and 12 were de novo. The age at the onset of seizures ranged from 1 day to 26 months. Nine patients had multiple seizure types, including focal seizures, generalized tonic–clonic seizures, myoclonic seizures, epileptic spasms, and atonic seizures. Seizures were fever‐sensitive in 13 out of the 15 patients. Eleven patients displayed developmental delay, while 11 had abnormal video electroencephalography. Abnormalities in the brain images included dysplasia of the frontal and temporal cortex, dysplasia of the corpus callosum, and delayed myelination in four patients. One patient was diagnosed with febrile seizures, three with febrile seizures plus, three with Dravet syndrome, three with West syndrome, one with Ohtahara syndrome, three with developmental delays and epilepsy, and one with non‐specific early‐onset epileptic encephalopathy.InterpretationThe most common phenotypes of patients with GABRB2 variants include early onset of seizure and fever sensitivity. Febrile seizures and febrile seizures plus are new phenotypes of GABRB2 variants. The phenotypic spectrum of GABRB2 variants ranges from mild febrile seizures to severe epileptic encephalopathy.
Reproduction of Atlantic bluefin tuna
Authors: Medina Antonio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe reproductive success of fish populations depends on their reproductive potential and offspring survival to maturity. The reproductive potential affects recruitment and hence populations’ resilience and productivity. Extensive research carried out throughout the current century has improved our understanding of the reproductive biology of the Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT), Thunnus thynnus. Yet, crucial questions still remain unresolved. This paper examines key factors that drive ABFT reproductive performance (maturity, spawning frequency, fecundity, sex ratio, spawning habitat). Some reproductive variables (spawning at age, spawning omission, egg and offspring viability, parental effect) remain poorly investigated due to the enormous challenge of implementing the required research across the distribution range and over time. These fundamental traits of the reproductive life history, however, provide valuable information to fish stock assessment models and hence require further attention. There is a major debate as to the extent of similarity in reproductive traits between eastern and western ABFT stocks. Both stocks have been considered to display differing maturity schedules, which would result in different spawning rates and reproductive outputs. Yet, similarities have been found in major reproductive aspects suggesting that discrepancies between stocks may not be as broad as often assumed. Though substantial, the information acquired on ABFT reproduction over the years is still incomplete for adequately advising fisheries management. The present report provides a synthesis of the existing information on the reproductive biology of ABFT. It also identifies major research needs and analyses future research actions towards bridging current gaps in ABFT reproduction science.
Cutaneous manifestations of Castleman disease
Authors: Chavez‐Alvarez Sonia , Villarreal‐Martinez Alejandra , Ocampo‐Candiani Jorge , Gomez‐Flores Minerva , Vazquez‐Martinez Osvaldo , Gonzalez‐Saldivar Gloria , Herz‐Ruelas Maira E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCastleman disease (CD) is a lymphoproliferative B‐cell disease that is diagnosed from lymphoid hyperplasia with vascular proliferation. Symptoms may include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Cutaneous manifestations often may go unnoticed since little has been described in the literature regarding them.Materials and MethodsA search of CD with cutaneous manifestations was performed in PUBMED, ProQuest, Ovid, Scopus, EMBASE, and Medline. All articles included patients over 18 years of age with a diagnosis of CD and cutaneous manifestations.ResultsA total of 68 articles were included. The most common cutaneous manifestations include paraneoplastic pemphigus and erythematous‐brown plaques, papules, or nodules. Patients presenting with these manifestations should always have a thorough physical exam, and clinicians should try to identify any palpable lymph nodes. A complete workup to rule out other neoplasias needs to be performed as well.ConclusionsA better understanding of these skin manifestations of CD may help physicians promptly diagnose and reconsider the path of diagnostic tests to identify this entity.
Mixed‐method analysis of screening for Strongyloides stercoralis prior to immunosuppression: a problem of limited bandwidth?
Authors: Muhi Stephen , Ko Dong‐Kyoon , McGuinness Sarah L. , Biggs Beverley‐Ann , Mahanty Siddhartha , Delany Clare 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommend screening for strongyloidiasis prior to immunosuppression in those at epidemiological risk, as hyperinfection following immunosuppression is often fatal. The uptake of this recommendation is unknown and we aimed to explore this in our setting.AimsTo determine the proportion of adult patients at epidemiological risk for strongyloidiasis who were screened prior to immunosuppression at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, and to explore the factors that influenced clinicians' decision to screen for strongyloidiasis prior to immunosuppression.MethodsThis study used a mixed‐methods approach. First, a 12‐month (1 January 2018 to 1 January 2019) retrospective observational study was used to quantify the proportion of those at epidemiological risk who were screened prior to immunosuppression, while also identifying variables that were positively or negatively associated with screening. Second, clinicians from relevant specialties were recruited for focus group sessions to explore factors that influenced their decision to screen according to an interpretivist framework.ResultsA total of 230 newly immunosuppressed patients at epidemiological risk of strongyloidiasis were identified, of whom 87 (37.8%) were screened prior to immunosuppression. In multivariate analysis, older patients, outpatients and people from non‐English‐speaking backgrounds were significantly less likely to be screened. In focus groups, several barriers and enablers to screening were identified. Notably, clinicians reported that a major barrier was the cognitive load required to clinically reason about this uncommon disease, in addition to other priorities.ConclusionsWe identified many missed opportunities to screen patients at risk of hyperinfection, particularly those most vulnerable. To improve screening, this study highlights the importance of reducing cognitive load by using decision‐support tools, which may facilitate screening in vulnerable patients and in time‐constrained settings.
Experimental study of metamorphic reactions and dehydration processes at the blueschist–eclogite transition during warm subduction
Authors: Cheng Nanfei , Jenkins David M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe transition between blueschist and eclogite plays an important role in subduction zones via dehydration and densification processes in descending oceanic slabs. There are a number of previous petrological studies describing potential mineral reactions taking place at the transition. An experimental determination of such reactions could help constrain the pressure–temperature conditions of the transition as well as the processes of dehydration. However, previous experimental contributions have focused on the stability of spontaneously formed hydrous minerals in basaltic compositions rather than on reactions among already formed blueschist facies minerals. Therefore, this study conducted three groups of experiments to explore the metamorphic reactions among blueschist facies minerals at conditions corresponding to warm subduction, where faster reaction rates are possible on the time scale of laboratory experiments. The first group of experiments was to establish experimental reversals of the reaction glaucophane+paragonite to jadeite+pyrope+quartz+H2O over the range of 2.2–3.5 GPa and 650–820°C. This reaction has long been treated as key to the blueschist–eclogite transition. However, only the growth of glaucophane+paragonite was observed at the intersectional stability field of both paragonite and jadeite+quartz, confirming thermodynamic calculations that the reaction is not stable in the system Na2O–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O. The second set of experiments involved unreversed experiments using glaucophane+zoisite ±quartz in low‐Fe and Ca‐rich systems and were run at 1.8–2.4 GPa and 600–780°C. These produced omphacite+paragonite/kyanite+H2O accompanied by compositional shifts in the sodium amphibole, glaucophane, towards sodium–calcium amphiboles such as winchite (☐(CaNa)(Mg4Al)Si8O22(OH)2) and barroisite (☐(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(AlSi7)O22(OH)2). This suggests that a two‐step dehydration occurs, first involving the breakdown of glaucophane+zoisite towards a paragonite‐bearing assemblage, then the breakdown of paragonite to release H2O. It also indicates that sodium–calcium amphibole can coexist with eclogite phases, thereby extending the thermal stability of amphibole to greater subduction zone depths. The third set of experiments was an experimental investigation at 2.0–2.4 GPa and 630–850°C involving a high‐Fe (Fe#=Fetotal/(Fetotal+Mg)≈0.36) natural glaucophane, synthetic paragonite and their eclogite‐forming reaction products. The results indicated that garnet and omphacite grew over most of these pressure–temperature conditions, which demonstrates the importance of Fe‐rich glaucophane in forming the key eclogite assemblage of garnet+omphacite, even under warm subduction zone conditions. Based on the experiments of this study, reaction between glaucophane+zoisite is instrumental in controlling dehydration processes at the blueschist–eclogite transition during warm subduction.
Prognostic significance of co‐existent adenomyosis on outcomes and tumor characteristics of endometrial cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: An Min , Duan Hua , Zhang Ying 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivePublished data on the impact of co‐existent adenomyosis on the prognosis of patients with endometrial cancer remains elusive, with studies reporting conflicting results. We conducted this meta‐analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of co‐existent adenomyosis on clinical outcomes and tumor characteristics of endometrial cancer patients.MethodsA comprehensive literature review of multiple databases was conducted; quality assessment of eligible studies was performed by the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale (NOS). The outcomes of interest were compared in endometrial cancer patients with or without adenomyosis. Hazards ratios (HR) and Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as a measure of effects.ResultsFourteen retrospective observational studies comprising 1308 endometrial cancer patients with adenomyosis and 3734 patients without adenomyosis were included in this meta‐analysis. Results indicated that endometrial cancer patients with adenomyosis was significantly associated with an increased overall survival rate (HR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.38–0.69; P < 0.00001), but not with disease‐free survival rate (HR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.30–1.53; P = 0.35); besides, significantly associated with decreased ratio of deep myometrial invasion (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.33–0.60; P < 0.00001), lymphovascular space invasion (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.29–0.68; P = 0.0002), an increased ratio of histological grade 1 (OR = 1.84; 95% CI = 1.34–2.53; P = 0.0002) and FIGO I‐II (OR = 1.85; 95% CI = 1.49–2.30; P < 0.00001). However, there was no significant difference in pathological type and lymph node metastasis. There was a low to high heterogeneity with I2 ranging from 0 to 67%.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis indicated that co‐existent adenomyosis with endometrial cancer is associated with favorable tumor characteristics and could serve as a potential protective factor for the prognosis of endometrial cancer.
Long‐term evaluation of renal function and neurogenic bladder following radical hysterectomy in patients with uterine cervical cancer
Authors: Komatsu Hiroaki , Oishi Tetsuro , Osaku Daiken , Kudoh Akiko , Shimogai Ruri , Chikumi Jun , Sato Shinya , Harada Tasuku 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether radical hysterectomy (RH) affects renal function.MethodsRenal function was followed up in 83 patients with stage IB1–IIB cervical cancer who underwent RH during 2006–2015. Serum creatinine (sCre) levels were measured preoperatively and every year postoperatively. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using sCre levels. Patients who were unable to urinate by themselves or whose residual urine was ≥100 mL were referred to a urologist with the diagnosis of neurogenic bladder (NB). The relationship between NB occurrence and changes in sCre level or eGFR was evaluated respectively.ResultsUrological intervention was required in 45 patients (54.2%), and self‐urethral catheterization was performed in 41 (49.3%) patients. The NB and clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) groups exhibited significant increases in sCre levels, which were not observed in the non‐NB or non‐CIC groups. In the non‐NB group, eGFR did not change following surgery. However, in the NB group, significant decreases in eGFRs were observed at postoperative 2 and 3 years and at final follow‐up. There was no difference in the incidence of cardiovascular events between patients with and without NB.ConclusionIn patients with NB following RH, a significant decrease in renal function was observed after postoperative 2 years.
Traumatic skull fractures in dogs and cats: A comparative analysis of neurological and computed tomographic features
Authors: Amengual‐Batle Pablo , José‐López Roberto , Durand Alexane , Czopowicz Michal , Beltran Elsa , Guevar Julien , Lazzerini Kali , De Decker Steven , Muñana Karen , Early Peter , Mariani Christopher , Olby Natasha , Petrovitch Nicholas , Gutierrez‐Quintana Rodrigo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic skull fractures (TSF) are relatively frequent in dogs and cats, but little information is available regarding their clinical and imaging features.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo describe the neurological and computed tomographic (CT) features of a large cohort of dogs and cats with TSF.AnimalsNinety‐one dogs and 95 cats with TSF identified on CT.MethodsMulticenter retrospective comparative study. Signalment, cause of trauma, fracture locations and characteristics, presence of neurological deficits, and 1‐week survival were recorded. Fractures were classified according to the extent of fragmentation and displacement.ResultsThe cranial vault was affected more frequently in dogs (P = .003), whereas the face and base of the cranium more often was affected in cats (P < .001). Cats presented with multiple fractures more frequently (P < .001). All animals with TSF in the cranial vault were more likely to develop neurological signs (P = .02), especially when depressed fractures were present (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7‐8.2; P = .001). Animals with TSF located only in the facial region were less likely to have neurological signs (odds ratio with Mantel‐Haenszel's method [ORMH], 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1‐0.6; P = .004). Most affected animals (84.9%) survived the first week post‐trauma. Death was more likely with fractures of the cranial vault (P = .003), especially when fragmented (P = .007) and displaced (P = .004).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceTraumatic skull fracture distribution and patterns are different between dogs and cats. Cranial vault fractures were associated with neurological deficits and worse survival. The presence of TSF alone should not be considered a negative prognostic factor because most affected animals survived the first week.
Maximum entropy model: Estimating the relative suitability of cetacean habitat in the northern Savu Sea, Indonesia
Authors: Putra Mochamad Iqbal Herwata , Mustika Putu Liza Kusuma 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn understanding of cetacean distribution is necessary to gain insights into crucial ecological processes for species conservation management. However, cetacean habitat preference and distribution in the northern Savu Sea, Indonesia, are still poorly understood. We use maximum entropy modeling with five environmental predictors to describe habitat preference and distribution of seven cetacean species in the northern Savu Sea. Our study confirms that static predictors are the most important variables in explaining habitat preferences of seven cetacean species in the northern Savu Sea. Seasonally, each cetacean species has a different environmental preference.Globicephala macrorhynchusprefers the open nearshore areas adjacent to deep waters.Stenella attenuatais associated with nearshore habitats and higher productivity areas.Stenella longirostrisprefers nearshore habitat during coastal upwelling events.Tursiops truncatusprefers nearshore sheltered habitat.Grampus griseushabitats are highly related to depth and steep gradients around the isobaths of 200–1,000 m.Feresa attenuataare associated with deep waters and cooler sea temperature.Pseudorca crassidensprefers protective bays with productive waters. This study provides important information for reviewing marine spatial plans of the northern Savu Sea, specifically on managing species fisheries interaction, optimizing surveillance, and regulating marine traffic.
Building an integrated multidisciplinary swallowing disorder clinic: considerations, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Starmer Heather M. , Dewan Karuna , Kamal Afrin , Khan Abraham , Maclean Julia , Randall Derrick R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDysphagia is a complex condition with numerous causes, symptoms, and treatments. As such, patients with dysphagia commonly require a multidisciplinary approach to their evaluation and treatment. Integrated multidisciplinary clinics provide an optimal format for a collaborative approach to patient care. In this manuscript, we will discuss considerations for teams looking to build a multidisciplinary dysphagia clinic, including what professionals are typically involved, what patients benefit most from this approach, what tests are most appropriate for which symptoms, financial issues, and traversing interpersonal challenges.
Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for renal scarring in recurrent urinary tract infections
Authors: Sürmeli Döven Serra , Erdoğan Semra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRenal scarring is a serious complication in recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Vitamin D deficiency has also been reported to be a risk factor for UTIs although, to date, no association between vitamin D deficiency and renal scarring has yet been identified. In the present study, it was investigated whether vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for renal scarring in patients with recurrent UTIs.MethodsThe study included patients between the ages of 1 and 18 years who were admitted to the pediatric nephrology department of the center between November 1, 2018 and November 1, 2019 and who were diagnosed with recurrent UTIs. The medical records of the patients were reviewed for the collection of demographic data, vitamin D levels, ultrasonography results and scintigraphic investigations with 99m‐technetium dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc‐DMSA). The patients were divided into two groups: those with and without renal scarring, diagnosed via99mTc‐DMSA. The vitamin D levels and other parameters of the two groups were compared.ResultsVitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was observed in 73.9% of the patients without renal scarring, and in 94.1% of those with renal scarring (P= 0.015). A logistic regression analysis revealed vitamin D deficiency to be an independent risk factor for renal scarring in patients with recurrent UTIs (OR = 0.796 [0.691–0.917]).ConclusionsVitamin D deficiency is found to be a risk factor for renal scarring in patients with recurrent UTIs. Vitamin D treatment may contribute to the prevention of renal scarring in patients with recurrent UTI.