bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Previous High School Participation in Varsity Sport and Jump-Landing Biomechanics in Adult Recreational Athletes
Authors: Herman Daniel C. , Riveros Diego , Jacobs Kimberly , Harris Andrew , Massengill Christopher , Vincent Heather K. 
Published: October 2019

ContextEarly sports sampling is associated with superior biomechanics in youth athletes; however, the effect of multisport participation on adult biomechanics is unknown.ObjectiveTo compare jump-landing biomechanics between adult recreational athletes who previously participated in 0, 1, or 2 or more select high school varsity sports (VSs; basketball, lacrosse, soccer, volleyball) that feature landing and cutting tasks.DesignDescriptive laboratory study.SettingUniversity community setting.Patients or Other ParticipantsFifty adult recreational athletes (22 women, 28 men; age = 23.8 ± 2.5 years) with no high school VS experience or with high school VS experience in basketball, lacrosse, soccer, or volleyball. Athletes were grouped into those who participated in 0 (0VS, n = 11), 1 (1VS, n = 21), or 2 or more (2VSs, n = 18) of these sports at the high school level.Main Outcome Measure(s)The average Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) total score from 3 individual jump landings was determined. A 1-way analysis of covariance using sex as the covariate was calculated to compare groups. The Pearson R was used to test for the correlation between the LESS score and number of sports played, and a linear regression analysis was performed using the number of sports played to predict the LESS score. The α level was set a priori at .05.ResultsThe 0VS athletes produced similar LESS scores as the 1VS athletes (5.89 ± 1.2 versus 5.38 ± 1.93 points, respectively, P = .463), whereas the 2VSs athletes demonstrated lower LESS scores (3.56 ± 1.97 points) than the 0VS (P = .002) and 1VS (P = .004) athletes. The LESS scores were moderately negatively correlated with the number of high school VSs played (R2 = −0.491, P &lt; .001). The linear regression analysis was significant (F1,37 = 9.416, P = .004) with R2 = 0.203. For every additional VS played at the high school level, the LESS score decreased by 1.28 points.ConclusionsLanding Error Scoring System scores were lower in athletes who had a history of multisport high school varsity participation in basketball, lacrosse, soccer, or volleyball compared with those who had a history of single-sport or no participation in these sports at this level. Multisport high school varsity participation in these sports may result in improved neuromuscular performance and potentially reduced injury risks as adults.
Influence of production variables on dimensional stability of bamboo–gmelina cement-bonded particle board
Authors: Oriire L.T. , Olajide O.B. , Awe A.B. 
Published: October 2019

Negative environmental impacts caused by many materials, such as asbestos and various types of polymers, have triggered the search for environmentally friendly inputs, wood – cement composite materials are now being investigated with their potentials in this area.This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of selected production variables of dimensional stability on cement-bonded particle board produced from a mixture of Bambusa vulgaris, Gmelina arborea cement and addictive. The production variables are particle geometries (2.0 mm and 2.5 mm), mixing ratios (2.0:1.0:1.0, 2.5:1.0:1.0 and 3.0:1.0:1.0) and density of 1000 kg/m3, 1100 kg/m3 and 1200 kg/m3. The experiment was 2x3x3 factorial in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Parameters investigated in the study were Water Absorption (%) and Thickness swelling (%).The result showed that the highest mean values for water absorption (WA) was observed in density 1000 kg/m3 at mixing ratio 2:1:1 with mean values of 31.8% and 30.45%, while the least mean value was observed in density 1200 kg at mixing ratio 3:1:1 with mean value of 8.0% and 6.25% for both particle sizes (2.0mm and 2.5mm) respectively. However in thickness swelling the highest mean values, was observed in density 1000kg/m3 at the mixing ratio 2:1:1 with mean value7.99% and 6.18% while the least mean value was observed at the density 1200kg/m3 at mixing ratio 3:1:1 with mean value 0.86%, and 1.48% for both particle sizes (2.0mm and 2.5mm) respectively in cold water immersion. Production variables such as mixing ratio, board density and particle size have great influence on the selected physical properties of Bamboo – Gmelina cement-bonded particle board investigated.Keywords: Productionvariables,Cement-bonded particle board,Dimensional Stability
The Markov Model of Years to Final Separation from the Labor Force 2012-17: Extended Tables of Central Tendency, Shape, Percentile Points, and Bootstrap Standard Errors
Authors: Skoog Gary R. , Ciecka James E. , Krueger Kurt V. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we estimate characteristics of years to final separation from the labor force. We use data for the same time period, the same data set, the same education groups for both genders, and similar recursive methods as in our paper on years of labor force activity (Skoog, Ciecka, and Krueger, 2019). Years of labor market activity are a subset of years to final separation from the labor force, with the latter including any years of inactivity that occur prior to final labor force separation. The last set of extended tables for years to final separation from the labor force appeared in 2003 and was based on 1997-98 data (Skoog and Ciecka, 2003).
Effect of Plant- and Animal-Based Foods on Prostate Cancer Risk
Authors: Shin John , Millstine Denise , Ruddy Barbara , Wallace Mark , Fields Heather 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Context
Many studies have explored whether plant and animal-based food consumption is associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk, but there is much discordance.

Objective
To perform an updated review of the literature that further investigates the association of plant- and animal-based food consumption with PCa risk.

Methods
This review was conducted by using 3 databases and produced a total of 550 references. The search was limited to a publication date range of 2006 to February 2017, English language, and humans. After case reports, comments, letters, editorials, and duplicate references were removed, 297 citations remained for review. Articles that did not investigate the association of dietary patterns or a major component of diet with PCa were excluded.

Results
Of the 297 references found, 47 were eligible for inclusion in this review. The authors identified 2 very large cohort studies (≥100,000 participants), 6 large cohort studies (≥40,000 participants), 11 medium cohort studies (≥10,000 participants), 10 small cohort studies (<10,000 participants), 13 case-control studies, 4 meta-analyses, and 1 population study investigating diet and PCa risk. Most studies showed that plant-based foods are associated with either decreased or unchanged risk of PCa, whereas animal-based foods, particularly dairy products, are associated with either increased or unchanged risk of PCa.

Conclusion
This review of the literature suggests that consumption of higher amounts of plant-based foods may be associated with decreased PCa risk, and consumption of higher amounts of dairy products may be associated with increased PCa risk.
Mercuric pollution of surface water, superficial sediments, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica Linnaeus 1758 [Cichlidae]) and yams (Dioscorea alata) in auriferous areas of Namukombe stream, Syanyonja, Busia, Uganda
Authors: Omara Timothy , Karungi Shakilah , Kalukusu Raymond , Nakabuye BrendaVictoria , Kagoya Sarah , Musau Bashir 
Published: October 2019

The mercury content and the contamination characteristics of water, sediments, edible muscles of a non-piscivorous fish (Oreochromis nilotica Linnaeus 1758 [Cichlidae]) and yams (Dioscorea alata) from Namukombe stream in Busia gold district of Uganda were evaluated. Human health risk assessment from consumption of contaminated fish and yams as well as contact with contaminated sediments from the stream were performed. Forty-eight (48) samples of water (n = 12), sediments (n = 12), fish (n = 12) and yams (n = 12) were taken at intervals of 10 m from three gold recovery sites located at up, middle and down sluices of the stream and analyzed for total mercury (THg) using US EPA method 1631. Results (presented as means ± standard deviations) showed that water in the stream is polluted with mercury in the range of < detection limit to 1.21 ± 0.040 mg/L while sediments contain mean THg from < detection limit to 0.14 ± 0.040 ugg−1. Mean THg content of the edible muscles of O. nilotica ranged from < detection limit to 0.11 ± 0.014 ugg−1while D. alata contained from < detection limit to 0.30 ± 0.173 ugg−1mean THg. The estimated daily intake ranged from 0.0049 ugg−1day−1 to 0.0183 ugg−1day−1 and 0.0200 ugg−1day−1 to 0.0730 ugg−1day−1 for fish consumed by adults and children respectively. The corresponding health risk indices ranged from 0.0123 to 0.0458 and 0.0500 to 0.1830. Estimated daily intake was from 0.0042 ugg−1day−1 to 0.1279 ugg−1day−1 and 0.0130 ugg−1day−1 to 0.3940 ugg−1day−1 for D. alata consumed by adults and children respectively. The health risk indices recorded were from 0.011 to 0.320 and 0.033 to 0.985 for adults and children respectively. The mean THg content of the sediments, edible muscles of O. nilotica and D. alata were within acceptable WHO/US EPA limits. About 91.7% of the water samples had mean THg above US EPA maximum permissible limit for mercury in drinking water. Consumption of D. alata grown within 5 m radius up sluice of Namukombe stream may pose deleterious health risks as reflected by the health risk index of 0.985 being very close to one. From the pollution and risk assessments, mercury use should be delimited in Syanyonja artisanal gold mining areas. A solution to abolish mercury-based gold mining in the area needs to be sought as soon as possible to avert the accentuating health, economic and ecological disaster arising from the continuous discharge of mercury into the surrounding areas. Other mercury-free gold recovering methods such as use of borax, sluice boxes and direct panning should be encouraged. Waste management system for contaminated wastewater, used mercury bottles and tailings should be centralized.
Impaired cognition predicts the risk of hospitalization and death in cirrhosis
Authors: Kim Minjee , Liotta Eric M. , Zee Phyllis C. , Ganger Daniel R. , Ladner Daniela P. , Karmarkar Ameeta , Peipert John D. , Sorond Farzaneh A. , Prabhakaran Shyam , Reid Kathryn J. , Naidech Andrew M. , Maas Matthew B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveCognitive impairment, detected in up to 80% of patients with liver cirrhosis, is associated with negative health outcomes but is underdiagnosed in the clinical setting due to the lack of practical testing method. This single‐center prospective observational study aimed to test the feasibility and prognostic utility of in‐clinic cognitive assessment of patients with liver cirrhosis using the NIH Toolbox cognition battery (NIHTB).MethodsPatients recruited from a hepatology/transplant clinic underwent cognitive assessments using West‐Haven Grade (WHG) and NIHTB between November 2016 and August 2018 and were prospectively followed until December 2018. The primary outcome was a composite end point of hospitalization related to overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) and all‐cause mortality during follow‐up, evaluated by a Cox proportional hazards regression model that adjusted for a priori covariates (age and MELD‐Na).ResultsAmong 127 patients (median age 60 years, 48 [38%] women) assessed, cognitive performance was significantly impaired in 82 [78%] patients with WHG 0 and 22 [100%] patients with WHG 1 and 2. Over a median of 347 days follow‐up, 18 OHE and 8 deaths were observed. Lower cognitive performance was associated with an increased risk of OHE/death adjusting for age and MELD‐Na. Subclinical cognitive impairment detected by NIH Toolbox in WHG 0 patients was significantly associated with greater mortality. Median time to complete the two prognostically informative NIH Toolbox tests was 9.4 min.InterpretationNIH Toolbox may enable a rapid cognitive screening in the outpatient setting and identify patients at high risk for death and hospitalization for severe encephalopathy.
Palindromic Rheumatism Frequently Precedes Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From an Incident Cohort
Authors: Ellingwood L. , Schieir O. , Valois M. F. , Bartlett S. J. , Bessette L. , Boire G. , Hazlewood G. , Hitchon C. , Keystone E. C. , Tin D. , Thorne C. , Bykerk V. P. , Pope J. E. ,   on behalf of CATCH Investigators
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThis multicenter incident cohort aimed to characterize how often early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA) patients self‐report episodic joint inflammation (palindromic rheumatism) preceding ERA diagnosis and which characteristics differentiate these patients from those without prior episodic symptoms.MethodsData were from patients with early confirmed or suspected RA (more than 6 weeks and less than 12 months) enrolled in the Canadian Early ArThritis CoHort (CATCH) between April 2017 to March 2018 who completed study case report forms assessing joint pain and swelling prior to ERA diagnosis. Chi‐square and t tests were used to compare characteristics of patients with and without self‐reported episodic joint inflammation prior to ERA diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic and clinical measures associated with past episodic joint inflammation around the time of ERA diagnosis.ResultsA total of 154 ERA patients were included; 66% were female, and mean (SD) age and RA symptom duration were 54 (15) years and 141 (118) days. Sixty‐five (42%) ERA patients reported a history of episodic joint pain and swelling, half of whom reported that these symptoms preceded ERA diagnosis by over 6 months. ERA patients with past episodic joint inflammation were more often female, had higher income, were seropositive, had more comorbidities, fewer swollen joints, and lower Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) around the time of ERA diagnosis (P < 0.05). These associations remained significant in multivariable regression adjusting for other sociodemographic and RA clinical measures.ConclusionAlmost half of ERA patients experienced episodic joint inflammation prior to ERA diagnosis. These patients were more often female, had higher income, and presented with milder disease activity at ERA diagnosis.
Adaptive‐optimal control under time‐varying stochastic uncertainty using past learning
Authors: Abdollahi Ali , Chowdhary Girish 
Published: October 2019

SummaryAn adaptive‐optimal control architecture is presented for adaptive control of constrained aerospace systems with matched uncertainties that are subject to dynamic stochastic change. The architecture brings together three key elements, ie, model predictive control–based reference command shaping, Gaussian process (GP)–based Bayesian nonparametric model reference adaptive control (MRAC), and online GP clustering over nonstationary GPs. Model predictive control optimizes reference model and its shaped output is passed into GP–based MRAC, which is used to learn the model in presence of significant time‐varying stochastic uncertainty while maintaining stability. Based on a likelihood ratio test, the changepoints are detected and learned. Lastly, the models are created and clustered by non‐Bayesian clustering algorithm. The key salient feature of our architecture is that not only can it detect changes but also it uses online GP clustering to enable the controller to utilize past learning of similar models to significantly reduce learning transients. Furthermore, persistence of excitation conditions are significantly relaxed due to the use of GP‐MRAC. Stability of the architecture is argued theoretically and performance is validated empirically on different scenarios for wing rock dynamics.
2D Boron Sheets: Structure, Growth, and Electronic and Thermal Transport Properties
Authors: Li Dengfeng , Gao Junfeng , Cheng Peng , He Jia , Yin Yan , Hu Yanxiao , Chen Lan , Cheng Yuan , Zhao Jijun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe structures of boron clusters, such as flat clusters and fullerenes, resemble those of carbon. Various two‐dimensional (2D) borophenes have been proposed since the production of graphene. The recent successful fabrication of borophene sheets has prompted extensive researches, and some unique properties are revealed. In this review, the recent theoretical and experimental progress on the structure, growth, and electronic and thermal transport properties of borophene sheets is summarized. The history of prediction of boron sheet structures is introduced. Existing with a mixture of triangle lattice and hexagonal lattice, the structures of boron sheets have peculiar characteristics of polymorphism and show significant dependence on the substrate. Due to the unique structure and complex BB bonds, borophene sheets have many interesting electronic and thermal transport properties, such as strong nonlinear effect, strong thermal transport anisotropy, high thermal conductance in the ballistic transport and low thermal conductivity in the diffusive transport. The growth mechanism and synthesis of borophene sheets on different metal substrates are also presented. The successful prediction and synthesis will shed light on the exploration of new novel materials. Besides, the outstanding and peculiar properties of borophene make them tempting platform for exploring novel physical phenomena and extensive applications.
Direct Ink Writing of Wearable Thermoresponsive Supercapacitors with rGO/CNT Composite Electrodes
Authors: Jiang Yizhou , Cheng Meng , Shahbazian‐Yassar Reza , Pan Yayue 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDeveloping intelligent wearable energy storage devices that can endure harsh conditions is of interest for emerging applications in next‐generation electronics. Despite recent success in exploring functional materials for sophisticated self‐adaptivity in energy storage devices, it remains challenging to obtain both high reliability and superior performance. Herein, a novel method for fabricating micropatterned wearable thermoresponsive supercapacitors via direct ink writing (DIW) technique is reported. Thermal runaway of typical electrochemical storage devices with high power delivery capability can cause serious safety problems. The proposed temperature‐dependent structure works as self‐protection against the common thermal runaway issues of electrochemical energy storage devices. Such construction provides an automatic adjustment as high as 8 F g−1 in specific capacitance, resulting in an overall heat reduction by up to 40%. The printing resolution of the electrodes (175 µm) is among the best in recently reported planar carbon‐based energy storage devices by DIW technique. Manufacturing‐related parameters such as time‐dependent printing speed and curing temperature are also investigated to fabricate this integrated design with varied materials and accuracy. This strategy shows tremendous promise for future intelligent energy storage devices.
Modeling and Correcting Cure‐Through in Continuous Stereolithographic 3D Printing
Authors: Pritchard Zachary D. , de Beer Martin P. , Whelan Riley J. , Scott Timothy F. , Burns Mark A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractContinuous stereolithography offers significant speed improvements over traditional layer‐by‐layer approaches but is more susceptible to cure‐through, undesired curing along the axis of exposure. Typically, cure‐through is mitigated at the cost of print speed by reducing penetration depth in the photopolymer resin via the addition of nonreactive light absorbers. Here, a mathematical approach is presented to model the dose profile in a part produced using continuous stereolithography. From this model, a correction method is developed to modify the projected images and produce a chosen dose profile, thereby reducing cure‐through while maintaining print speed. The method is verified experimentally on a continuous stereolithographic 3D printer, and the practicality of various dose profiles is investigated. In optimizing the critical dose parameter, the measured gelation dose Dgel is found to be insufficient for accurate reproduction of features, and an optimal value of Dc = 5Dgel is chosen for the test resin. Using optimized parameters with a high‐absorbance height resin (ha = 2000 µm), feature height errors are reduced by over 85% in a test model while maintaining a high print speed (s = 750 mm h−1).
Comprehensive experimental investigation on biomass‐glass beads binary fluidization: A data set for CFD model validation
Authors: Gao Xi , Yu Jia , Li Cheng , Panday Rupen , Xu Yupeng , Li Tingwen , Ashfaq Huda , Hughes Bryan , Rogers William A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFluidization behavior of biomass and glass beads binary mixtures in a bubbling fluidized bed was experimentally investigated. Mixtures containing different mass fraction of Loblolly Pine white wood and glass beads were fluidized at different fluidization velocities. The particle properties were characterized in a QICPIC that uses a dynamic image processing method to measure both particle size and sphericity. The minimum fluidization velocity was determined using the pressure drop method. An image processing method was developed to capture the dynamic expanded bed height at a very high frequency. The effect of biomass mass fraction and inlet gas velocity on mixing and segregation behavior was studied and analyzed through pressure drop measurements. Pressure drop fluctuations and expanded bed height fluctuations via fast Fourier transform were analyzed and compared. The complete and accurate experimental data reported in this study could provide a benchmark data set for various computational fluid dynamics models validation, calibration, and identification.
A Free Radical Cascade Difunctionalization of o‐Vinylanilides with Simple Ketones and Esters
Authors: Tian Yunfei , Ge Yaxin , Zheng Luping , Yan Qinqin , Ren Yingming , Wang Zhenguang , Zhang Kailin , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhao Jincan , Li Zejiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn efficient free radical cascade difunctionalization of o‐vinylanilides with ketones/esters has been developed. Through the selective activation of the α‐C(sp3)−H of ketones and esters, an addition/cyclization of carbon centered radical to o‐vinylanilides has been achieved. Various benzoxazines can be conveniently synthesized in this reaction system. In addition, we carried out a series of mechanistic studies and optical experiments.
Eine neue Dimension von Koordinationspolymeren und Metall‐organischen Gerüsten: hin zu funktionellen Gläsern und Flüssigkeiten
Authors: Horike Satoshi , Nagarkar Sanjog S. , Ogawa Tomohiro , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEs gibt zwei Kategorien von Koordinationspolymeren (CPs): anorganische CPs (i‐CPs) und durch organische Liganden verbrückte CPs (o‐CPs). Aufbauend auf dem Kristall‐Engineering von CPs diskutieren wir hier das Potenzial nichtkristalliner Zustände und Funktionalitäten als neue Forschungsrichtung für CPs. Die Kontrolle über flüssige oder glasartige Phasenzustände im Material ist wesentlich zum Erzielen bestimmter Eigenschaften und Funktionen. Mehrere Arbeiten zeigen die Möglichkeit, durch Umsetzung von Designprinzipien Flüssig/Glas‐Zustände in o‐CPs zu erreichen. Die Kombination der Metallionen und organischen Brückenliganden zusammen mit der Flüssig/Glas‐Phasenumwandlung belegt die Ähnlichkeit der o‐CPs zu ionischen Flüssigkeiten und anderen weichen ionischen Materialien. Synchrotronmessungen und Rechnungen tragen zur Aufklärung der Struktur und Dynamik der Flüssig/Glas‐Zustände der o‐CPs bei. Dies eröffnet die Möglichkeit zur Regulierung von Porosität, Leitfähigkeit, Transparenz und weiteren Materialeigenschaften. Die einzigartige Energielandschaft der Flüssig/Glas‐o‐CPs ermöglicht Eigenschaften und Funktionen, die komplementär zu denen kristalliner o‐CPs sind.