bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PLncDB V2.0: a comprehensive encyclopedia of plant long noncoding RNAs
Authors: Jin Jingjing , Lu Peng , Xu Yalong , Li Zefeng , Yu Shizhou , Liu Jun , Wang Huan , Chua Nam-Hai , Cao Peijian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with little or no protein coding potential. The expanding list of lncRNAs and accumulating evidence of their functions in plants have necessitated the creation of a comprehensive database for lncRNA research. However, currently available plant lncRNA databases have some deficiencies, including the lack of lncRNA data from some model plants, uneven annotation standards, a lack of visualization for expression patterns, and the absence of epigenetic information. To overcome these problems, we upgraded our Plant Long noncoding RNA Database (PLncDB, http://plncdb.tobaccodb.org/), which was based on a uniform annotation pipeline. PLncDB V2.0 currently contains 1 246 372 lncRNAs for 80 plant species based on 13 834 RNA-Seq datasets, integrating lncRNA information from four other resources including EVLncRNAs, RNAcentral and etc. Expression patterns and epigenetic signals can be visualized using multiple tools (JBrowse, eFP Browser and EPexplorer). Targets and regulatory networks for lncRNAs are also provided for function exploration. In addition, PLncDB V2.0 is hierarchical and user-friendly and has five built-in search engines. We believe PLncDB V2.0 is useful for the plant lncRNA community and data mining studies and provides a comprehensive resource for data-driven lncRNA research in plants.
A new experimental phenomenological method to explore the subjective features of psychological phenomena: its application to binocular rivalry
Authors: Niikawa Takuya , Miyahara Katsunori , Hamada Hiro Taiyo , Nishida Satoshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe subjective features of psychological phenomena have been studied intensively in experimental science in recent years. Although various methods have been proposed to identify subjective features of psychological phenomena, there are elusive subjective features such as the spatiotemporal structure of experience, which are difficult to capture without some additional methodological tools. We propose a new experimental method to address this challenge, which we call the contrast-based experimental phenomenological method (CEP). CEP proceeds in four steps: (i) front-loading phenomenology, (ii) online second-personal interview, (iii) questionnaire survey, and (iv) hypotheses testing. It differs from other experimental phenomenological methods in that it takes advantage of phenomenal contrasts in collecting phenomenological data. In this paper, we verify the validity and productivity of this method by applying it to binocular rivalry (BR). The study contributes to empirical research on BR in three respects. First, it provides additional evidence for existing propositions about the subjective features of BR: e.g. the proposition that the temporal dynamics of the experience depend upon subject-dependent parameters such as attentional change. Second, it deepens our understanding of the spatiotemporal structures of the transition phase of BR. Third, it elicits new research questions about depth experience and individual differences in BR. The presence of such contributions demonstrates the validity and productivity of CEP.
Safety of Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy in Nonagenarians
Authors: Shrestha Nabin K , Blaskewicz Caitlin , Gordon Steven M , Everett Angela , Rehm Susan J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Although widely accepted for adults, the safety of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) in very old patients has not been examined.

Methods
Nonagenarians (age ≥90 years) discharged from the hospital on OPAT over a 5-year period were identified from the Cleveland Clinic OPAT Registry. Three matched controls (&lt;90 years) were selected for each nonagenarian. Times to OPAT-related emergency department (ED) visit and OPAT-related readmission were compared across the 2 groups in multivariable subdistribution proportional hazards competing risks regression models. Incidence of adverse drug events and vascular access complications were compared using negative binomial regression.

Results
Of 126 nonagenarians and 378 controls, 7 were excluded for various reasons. Among the remaining 497 subjects, 306 (62%) were male, 311 (63%) were treated for cardiovascular or osteoarticular infections, and 363 (73%) were discharged to a residential health care facility. The mean (SD) ages of nonagenarians and controls were 92 (2) and 62 (16) years, respectively. Compared with matched controls, being a nonagenarian was not associated with increased risk of OPAT-related ED visit (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.33–1.80; P = .55), OPAT-related readmission (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.28–2.16; P = .63), adverse drug event from OPAT medications (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.43–2.17; P = .99), or vascular access complications (IRR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.27–1.51; P = .32). Nonagenarians had a higher risk of death overall (HR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.52–4.58; P &lt; .001), but deaths were not from OPAT complications.

Conclusions
Compared with younger patients, OPAT in nonagenarians is not associated with higher risk of OPAT-related complications. OPAT can be provided as safely to nonagenarians as to younger patients.
Telehealth Capability Among Substance Use Disorder Treatment Facilities in Counties With High Versus Low COVID-19 Social Distancing
Authors: Cantor Jonathan , Stein Bradley D. , Saloner Brendan 
Published: October 2020

Objective:
To quantify the availability of telehealth services at substance use treatment facilities in the U.S. at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, and determine whether telehealth is available at facilities in counties with the greatest amount of social distancing.

Methods:
We merged county-level measures of social distancing through April 18, 2020 to detailed administrative data on substance use treatment facilities. We then calculated the number and share of treatment facilities that offered telehealth services by whether residents of the county social distanced or not. Finally, we estimated a logistic regression that predicted the offering of telehealth services using both county- and facility-level characteristics.

Results:
Approximately 27% of substance use facilities in the U.S. reported telehealth availability at the outset of the pandemic. Treatment facilities in counties with a greater social distancing were less likely to possess telemedicine capability. Similarly, nonopioid treatment programs that offered buprenorphine or vivitrol in counties with a greater burden of COVID-19 were less likely to offer telemedicine when compared to similar facilities in counties with a lower burden of COVID-19.

Conclusions:
Relatively few substance use treatment facilities offered telehealth services at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Policymakers and public health officials should do more to support facilities in offering telehealth services.
Identification of Typologies of Cocaine Use Based on Quantity, Frequency, and Duration of Use: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Liu Yiyang , Vaddiparti Krishna , Cheong JeeWon , Cottler Linda B. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives:
We identified the patterns of cocaine use during individuals’ heaviest use period by considering quantity, frequency, and duration simultaneously and examined the correlates and risk profile for these patterns.

Methods:
Latent profile analysis was conducted among the 3117 individuals who reported lifetime use of cocaine in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III) with quantity, frequency, and duration used as indicators. Logistic regression analyses examined factors associated with subtype membership based on patterns of cocaine use and the relationships between these patterns and cocaine use disorder (CocUD) and its severity.

Results:
Four patterns were identified: a “low use” class (72.6%), a “moderate use” class (8.2%), a “daily use” class (17.9%), and a “very high quantity use” class (1.3%). Relative to non-Hispanic White and the “low use” class, non-Hispanic Black was associated with increased odds to be in the “moderate use” and “daily use” classes. Higher prevalence of smoking crack cocaine and poly-route use was observed among the “very high quantity use” class relative to other classes; increased risk of using other substances was associated with the “daily use” class. Higher levels of cocaine use were associated with higher risks of CocUD and worse severity compared to the “low use” class.

Conclusions:
People who use cocaine are heterogeneous with different patterns of use and risks of CocUD. Reducing cocaine smoking and poly-route of use should be placed as the same priority as decreasing very high quantity of use in interventions.
Unmet Mental Health Care Needs and Illicit Drug Use During Pregnancy
Authors: Pfeifer Lyndsie R. , Haile Zelalem T. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives:
The prevalence of drug use is at alarmingly high levels in the United States. Of particular concern is prenatal drug use, which exposes the underdeveloped organ systems of the fetus to harsh chemicals. Identifying factors associated with illicit drug use during pregnancy is critical to identify and treat at-risk pregnant women and improve maternal and infant health outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the association between unmet mental health care needs and substance use during pregnancy.

Methods:
The present cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data from the 2002 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (n = 10,516). The main outcome of interest was self-reported illicit drug use in the last 30 days. The independent variable was unmet mental health care needs in the last 12 months.

Results:
Overall, 6.4% of the participants reported a history of unmet mental health care needs and 4.5% used a substance during pregnancy. The odds of illicit drug use during pregnancy were higher among women who had an unmet mental health care needs compared to women without a history of unmet mental health care needs, multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) 4.06 (3.01 to 5.48; P < 0.001). The observed association between unmet mental health care needs and illicit drug use persisted in subgroup analyses by age, race/ethnicity and education.

Conclusion:
In a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of pregnant women, having unmet mental health care needs was positively associated with illicit drug use during pregnancy after adjusting for potential confounders.
Development of an Interprofessional Policy on the Use of Human Milk and Breastfeeding for Pain Relief
Authors: Graf Tori , Duffey Emily , Spatz Diane 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Infants are subjected to painful procedures as part of routine care. Evidence suggests human milk (HM) has pain-relieving qualities; however, nurses may not be aware of this evidence.

Purpose:
This article presents the evidence for HM and breastfeeding for pain management, as well as describes using the evidence to create an interprofessional enterprise-wide policy on the topic.

Methods/Search Strategy:
Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, and Medline were searched for full-length articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2012 and 2020. Articles using HM as an independent variable during a painful procedure, or discussing benefits of HM for pain management, were analyzed.

Findings/Results:
Ten articles were selected for evaluating use of HM for pain relief in term and preterm infants. There is statistically significant evidence that expressed HM has pain-relieving abilities, especially when combined with other soothing interventions such as rocking. HM reduces crying time, and lowers pain scores during painful procedures. Seven articles recommend breastfeeding for effective pain management. Breastfeeding reduces crying time, heart rate, and pain scores compared with oral sucrose, holding, nonnutritive sucking, swaddling, and topical anesthetics.

Implications for Practice:
Breastfeeding and HM should be offered as primary pain management options. Having an interprofessional enterprise-wide policy for the use of breastfeeding and HM for pain management during painful procedures, such as vaccination, will provide safe, effective pain management.

Implications for Research:
Further understanding of effective HM dosing for pain management and use of pasteurized donor HM in place of expressed HM is required.
A Quality Improvement Approach to Perineal Skin Care
Authors: Rogers Sue , Thomas Micaela , Chan Belinda , Hinckley Spencer K. , Henderson Carol 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Diaper dermatitis (DD) causes discomfort and emotional distress and creates possible sources of infection among newborn intensive care unit infants. Diaper dermatitis remains prevalent despite studies documenting an understanding of prevention and treatment modalities. Standardizing perineal skin care guidelines could reduce DD.

Purpose:
Implement perineal skin care guidelines, while introducing novel diaper wipes, to decrease the incidence of DD by 20% within a 1-year period.

Methods:
Our unit reviewed evidence-based literature to develop a standardized perineal care guideline for prevention and treatment, encompassing the use of novel, preservative-free diaper wipes with grapefruit seed extract. The outcome measures were the incidence and duration of DD. Process compliances were monitored. The balancing measure was the rate of fungal skin infection while using preservative-free wipes.

Findings:
Between July 2017 and March 2019, 1070 infants were admitted for 1 or more days, with 11% of those being born at less than 30 weeks of gestational age. After guideline implementation in January 2018, the incidence of DD decreased by 16.7%. The incidence of severe cases dropped by 34.9%, with 3.5 days per 100 patient-days shortened duration. Process compliance was achieved. Neonates tolerated the novel wipes without increased fungal skin infection.

Implications for Practice:
The Perineal Skin Care Guidelines could reduce the rate and duration of DD. Newborn intensive care unit infants tolerated the novel diaper wipes.

Implications for Research:
Additional research on wipes containing other types of extracts or ingredients.
NICU Fathers
Authors: LeDuff Lawrence D. , Carter Brigit M. , Cunningham Craig A. , Braun Lisa A. , Gallaher Keith J. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Parental support in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is critical; yet, the nursing staff may struggle to provide optimal support to NICU fathers. Generally, fathers are not viewed as equally competent caregivers when compared with mothers, and fathers often impart these beliefs on themselves. Increasing the nursing staff's knowledge and understanding of paternal support can change attitudes and foster positive behavior changes, enhancing the perception of support received by NICU fathers.

Purpose:
To implement a needs assessment and educational intervention for the nursing staff designed to increase the perception of nursing support received by NICU fathers.

Methods:
The Nurse Parents Support Tool (NPST) was administered to the clinical nursing staff and fathers in a pre/posttest design comparing support given by nurses with the fathers' perception of received support. Data from the preintervention assessment was used to design an educational intervention on improving fathers' support. Following the intervention, a postintervention NPST was administered to fathers to determine whether there was an improvement in support perception.

Findings/Results:
Improvement in the NICU fathers' perception of nursing staff support was noted between father groups. In addition, the NPST can be used to assess paternal support needs and develop staff education.

Implications for Practice:
Support provided to NICU fathers can enhance the father's perception of himself as an equal and competent caregiver, leading to improved father–infant bonding as the child ages. Educational interventions targeting father support should be a routine part of nursing staff training.

Implications for Research:
Future research should examine the long-term effects of early paternal support on psychosocial, cognitive, and developmental outcomes of NICU infants.
The Feasibility of Kangaroo Care and the Effect on Maternal Attachment for Neonates in a Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Broge Mary Jane , Steurer Lisa M. , Ercole Patrick M. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
As survival rates in neonates with congenital heart disease have improved, research has shown they are at an increased risk for brain injury and neurodevelopmental delay. One intervention shown to have a positive impact on the development in premature and full-term newborns, as well as a positive impact on mother–infant relationship, is kangaroo care (KC). There is limited evidence to support the use of KC in infants with congenital heart disease, some of who may also be premature.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine the safety and feasibility of introducing KC for neonates with congenital heart disease in the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit.

Methods:
A descriptive observational feasibility study was employed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of KC for this population.

Results:
There were 25 neonates included with 60 sessions of KC. There were no adverse events including line and tube dislodgments and physiological instability related to the use of KC.

Implications for Practice:
This study found KC to be safe and feasible for neonates with KC.

Implications for Research:
This is the first study examining the feasibility and safety of KC in this vulnerable population of neonates. Further research should be conducted using a quasi-experimental design to investigate neurodevelopmental outcomes with a larger sample of patients.
Engaging Mothers to Implement Nonpharmacological Care for Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Shuman Clayton J. , Weber Ashley , VanAntwerp Katherine , Wilson Roxanne 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Little is known about nurse perceptions regarding engagement of mothers in implementation of nonpharmacological care for opioid-exposed infants.

Purpose:
This study was designed to describe perinatal and pediatric nurse perceptions of (1) engaging mothers in the care of opioid-exposed infants and (2) facilitators and barriers to maternal engagement.

Methods:
This study used a qualitative descriptive design to interview perinatal and pediatric nurses in one Midwest United States hospital. Interviews were conducted via telephone using a semistructured interview guide and audio recorded. Audio files were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed using the constant comparative method.

Results:
Twenty-one nurses participated in the study, representing a family birth center, neonatal intensive care unit, and pediatric unit. Five major themes resulted from analysis: (1) vulnerability and bias; (2) mother–infant care: tasks versus model of care; (3) maternal factors affecting engagement and implementation; (4) nurse factors affecting engagement and implementation; and (5) recommendations and examples of nursing approaches to barriers. Minor themes supported each of the major themes.

Implications for Practice:
Nurses must engage mothers with substance use histories with empathy and nonjudgment, identify and promote maternal agency to care for their infants, and engage and activate mothers to deliver nonpharmacological care during the hospital stay and following discharge.

Implications for Research:
Findings suggest interventions are needed to improve (1) nursing education regarding maternal substance use and recovery, (2) empathy for substance-using mothers and mothers in treatment, and (3) identification and support of maternal agency to provide nonpharmacological care to withdrawing infants.
Sepsis Epidemiology Across the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, to International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, Chasm—A Direct Application of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Case Definition to Hospital Discharge Data*
Authors: Jordan Kempker A. , Rudd Kristina E. , Wang Henry E. , Martin Greg S. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives:
Describe the epidemiology of sepsis across the transition from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, and International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, coding systems, evaluating estimates of two previously published International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, coding strategies.

Design:
Serial cross-sectional analysis.

Setting:
Healthcare Utilization Project’s annual Nationwide Inpatient Sample of U.S. hospital discharges, 2012–2017.

Patients:
Discharges greater than or equal to 18 years old, which met one of the three case definitions for sepsis. For the records using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, we used previously published modified Angus criteria, and for records using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, we deployed a case definition used by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and a case definition developed by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
During the study period, there were discontinuities in the sepsis incidence estimates using the modified Angus International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, criteria in 2014 and either Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services or Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, criteria in 2016. In 2014, there were an estimated 1,009 cases (95% CI, 989–1,030) of modified Angus sepsis per 100,000 persons, whereas in 2016, there were 709 cases (95% CI, 694–724) of Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services sepsis and 1,498 cases (95% CI, 1,471–1,092) of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation sepsis per 100,000 persons. Furthermore, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation definition identified a sepsis cohort with similar hospital characteristics but a younger age distribution, higher proportion of women, lower severity of illness, and lower hospital mortality.

Conclusions:
The Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, coding strategy for identifying sepsis may capture a larger patient population within administrative datasets that are different from those identified with previously deployed International Classification of Diseases-based methods. Further work is required to determine the optimal International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, coding strategy for use in hospital discharge data.