bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Late Gadolinium Enhancement on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance by Global Longitudinal Strain Using Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Patients with Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ota Shingo , Hozumi Takeshi , Tanimoto Takashi , Takemoto Kazushi , Wada Teruaki , Kashiwagi Manabu , Shimamura Kunihiro , Shiono Yasutsugu , Kuroi Akio , Matsuo Yoshiki , Kitabata Hironori , Ino Yasushi , Kubo Takashi , Tanaka Atsushi , Akasaka Takashi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The presence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), suggesting myocardial fibrosis is useful as a prognostic index in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM). The present study aimed to investigate whether left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) using speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) can be used as a surrogate marker for the detection of CMR-LGE in patients with NICM.
Methods

The study included 50 patients with NICM who underwent both STE and CMR. The presence, or absence of CMR-LGE was assessed in all patients, whereas STE-GLS was successfully analyzed in 41/50 (82%) patients. Therefore, the final study population comprised these 41 patients. Patients were divided into those with CMR-LGE (Group A; n = 18) and those without CMR-LGE (Group B; n = 23). Echocardiographic indexes including GLS was compared between the two groups.
Results

No significant differences were observed in LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volume indexes, LV ejection fraction, mitral E/A, deceleration time, E/e’, left atrial volume index, and the systolic transtricuspid pressure gradient between the Groups- A and B (113 ± 30 vs. 109 ± 24 mL/m2, 82 ± 27 vs. 78 ± 22 mL/m2, 28 ± 6 vs. 29 ± 7%, 1.3 ± 1.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.8, 201 ± 82 vs. 214 ± 69 ms, 11.3 ± 3.7 vs. 11.7 ± 5.9, 49 ± 24 vs. 49 ± 13 mL/m2, and 29 ± 10 vs. 24 ± 7 mmHg, respectively). STE-GLS in Group A was significantly worse than that in Group B (− 7.6 ± 3.0% vs. −9.9 ± 3.2%, p = 0.01). According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, STE-GLS of − 7.9% was the best cut-off value for detection of CMR-LGE (sensitivity, 78%; specificity, 74%; area under the curve, 0.74).
Conclusions

STE-GLS may be used as a surrogate marker for the detection of CMR-LGE in patients with NICM.
Intention to Vaccinate Against the Novel 2019 Coronavirus Disease: The Role of Health Locus of Control and Religiosity
Authors: Olagoke Ayokunle , Olagoke Olakanmi , Hughes Ashley M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The urgency to develop a vaccine against the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) has waxed stronger in speed, scale, and scope. However, wisdom dictates that we take a vantage position and start to examine the demographic predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this study was to examine the role of health locus of control (HLOC) in the relationship between religiosity and COVID-19 vaccination intention. In a cross-sectional survey (N=501), we found a significantly negative association between religiosity and COVID-19 vaccination intention. This relationship was partially mediated by external HLOC. Collaborative efforts with religious institutions may influence COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Ceramic foams with highly open channel structure from direct foaming method in combination with hollow spheres as pore-former
Authors: Zheng Yu , Luo Xudong , You Jiegang , Peng Zijun , Zhang Shuhao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To satisfy the ever-increasing demands for high-performance ceramic foams that could be applied in catalysts loader, filtrations and adsorptions, it is critical to develop technologies for ceramic foams with open channel structure. In this work, we fabricated ceramic foams with three-dimensional porous structure specially with open channels by combining direct foaming method with adding pore-forming agent method. There are two levels of length scale present in this hierarchically porous structure, that is, foam structure with spherical pores evolved from bubbles, and open pores on the cell wall derived from silica hollow spheres with thin shell as the pore-former. Hierarchical ZrO 2 based foams with porosity of 86.5%-95.1% and compressive strength of 2.05-5.67 MPa, and Al 2 O 3 based foams with porosity of 86.2%-91.0% and compressive strength of 6.8-13.2 MPa were fabricated. The prepared ceramic foams characterized by this open channel structure are promising to perform outstandingly in the abovementioned fields due to their uniform pore size, low density as well as high mechanical strength.
The implementation of sharia audit process, implication of sharia regulatory and human resource aspects
Authors: Rizqiani Dian , Yulianto Agung 
Published: May 2020

<p class="IABSSS"><strong>Purpose</strong> - Audit in Islamic Finance Institute (IFI) is important factor to ensure sharia compliance. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the process of sharia audit in the IFI.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Method </strong>- The population of this research is all of the intern auditor board Sharia Business Unit in Bank Jateng as many as 22 auditors. Sampling technique in this research is census sampling. The method of data collection used is questionnaire. The data analysis used are regression square linear and percentage descriptive analysis. There are three variables in this research which are regulation aspect, sharia resource development, and sharia audit.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Result</strong> - The square linear regression analysis used SPSS for Windows Version 20 obtained the equation. The conclusion of this research is regulation toward the influence to the sharia audit, but sharia resource aspect is not. regulation and sharia resourch development toward the influence to the sharia audit.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Implication</strong> - The suggestions for the next reseacher is multiply the sample and refference of research and choose Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) as the respondent for get the relevant result.</p><strong>Originality</strong> - This research empirically examines the factors that influence the implementation of sharia audits at the Central Java Islamic bank. The type of research used is quantitative, because from a number of references found, the topic of sharia auditing that is widely studied is the level of concept with qualitative research type.
Quantifying public health risks from exposure to waterborne pathogens during river bathing as a basis for reduction of disease burden
Authors: Islam M. M. Majedul , Islam Md. Atikul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) technique was applied to assess the public health risk from exposure to infectious microorganisms at bathing areas of three rivers in Bangladesh. The QMRA assessed the probability of illness due to the accidental ingestion of river water impacted by untreated sewage. The simplified QMRA was based on average concentrations of four reference pathogens Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, Cryptosporidium spp, norovirus and rotavirus relative to indicator bacterium E. coli. Public health risk was estimated as the probability of infection and illness from a single exposure of bathers. The risks of illness were ranged from 7 to 10% for E. coli O157:H7, 13 to 19% for Cryptosporidium, 7 to 10% for norovirus and 12 to 17% for rotavirus. The overall risk of illness at the rivers was slightly higher in children (9–19%) compared to adults (7–16%). The risks of illness in individuals exposed to the river bathing were unacceptably high, exceeding the USEPA acceptable risk of 3–6 illnesses per hundred bathing events. This study gives a basis for reducing the burden of disease in the population by applying appropriate risk management. Findings and methods of this study will be helpful for other countries with similar socio-economic and geographic settings.
Expression and Purification of Tetanus Toxin Fragment C in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
Authors: Chai Pengdi , Pu Xiuying , Li Jianqiang , Xia Xiaoyu , Ge Jun , Luo Amiao , Su Hui , Zhang Weijie , Ma Jianzhong 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Tetanus is an infectious disease caused by Clostridium secreting
tetanus toxin in anaerobic environment. The fragment C of Tetanus toxin (TTc) has been widely
studied as a candidate vaccine to replace the existing tetanus toxoid vaccine.

Objective:
In this study, we established a simple method to purify recombinant protein TTc with
ion-exchange chromatography from Escherichia coli expression systems.

Methods:
The TTc gene sequence was cloned into pET26b (+) vector and transferred to E. coli
BL21 (DE3) for expression. The fermentation conditions (IPTG concentration, Induction temperature,
Induction time) were optimized to obtain more soluble proteins. The soluble proteins were
purified by Anion exchange chromatography and Cation exchange chromatography. The sequence
of columns in the purification process was discussed. Finally, the stability of purified TTc protein
were determined, the secondary structure of the purified TTc protein was determined by circular
dichroism. The molecular weight of the purified TTc protein was determined by liquid chromatograph-
mass spectrometer. Furthermore, we verified the immunogenicity of the purified protein in
mice.

Results:
The purity of TTc improved from 34% to 88% after the first anion exchange column, and
the final yield of recombinant TTc (purity > 95%) can reach 84.79% after the following cation
exchange chromatography. The recombinant TTc had a molecular weight of 51.737 KDa, was
stable at 4°C and weak alkaline environment, was a β-sheet secondary structure, and had strong
immunogenicity.

Conclusion:
The purification method we developed might be an efficient method for the industrial
production of tetanus recombinant TTc vaccine.
Recent Developments and Perspectives in the C-Se Cross Coupling Reactions
Authors: Jose Diana Elizabeth , Kanchana U. S. , Mathew Thomas V. , Anilkumar Gopinathan 
Published: May 2020

:The C-Se bond forming reactions are attractive synthetic strategies for biochemists and synthetic chemists alike for the synthesis of various molecules that are of biological, pharmaceutical and material interest. Therefore, the design and synthesis of organoselenium compounds currently constitute engaging fundamental problems in applied chemistry both in pharmaceutical and academic laboratories. This review discusses the recent works reported in carbon–selenium cross-coupling reactions with the emphasis on the mechanistic aspects of the reactions. The reacting species, the addition of ligands, selection of catalysts, use of suitable solvents, proper setting of reaction time, are well discussed to understand the detailed mechanism. Various simple, economical and environmentally friendly protocols are demonstrated, which ensured product stability, low toxicity, environmentally benign and excellent reactivity for the synthesis of organoselenium compounds. This review covers the scientific literature from 2010 to 2019.
HumDLoc: Human Protein Subcellular Localization Prediction Using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Semwal Rahul , Varadwaj Pritish Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Aims:To develop a tool that can annotate subcellular localization of human proteins.Background:With the progression of high throughput human proteomics projects, an enormous amount of protein sequence data has been discovered in the recent past. All these raw sequence data require precise mapping and annotation for their respective biological role and functional attributes. The functional characteristics of protein molecules are highly dependent on the subcellular localization/ compartment. Therefore, a fully automated and reliable protein subcellular localization prediction system would be very useful for current proteomic research.Objective:To develop a machine learning-based predictive model that can annotate the subcellular localization of human proteins with high accuracy and precision.Methods:In this study, we used the PSI-CD-HIT homology criterion and utilized the sequence-based features of protein sequences to develop a powerful subcellular localization predictive model. The dataset used to train the HumDLoc model was extracted from a reliable data source, Uniprot knowledge base, which helps the model to generalize on the unseen dataset.Result :The proposed model, HumDLoc, was compared with two of the most widely used techniques: CELLO and DeepLoc, and other machine learning-based tools. The result demonstrated promising predictive performance of HumDLoc model based on various machine learning parameters such as accuracy (≥97.00%), precision (≥0.86), recall (≥0.89), MCC score (≥0.86), ROC curve (0.98 square unit), and precision-recall curve (0.93 square unit).Conclusion:In conclusion, HumDLoc was able to outperform several alternative tools for correctly predicting subcellular localization of human proteins. The HumDLoc has been hosted as a web-based tool at https://bioserver.iiita.ac.in/HumDLoc/.
Study of the Usefulness of Bone Scan Index Calculated From 99m-Technetium-Hydroxymethylene Diphosphonate (99mTc-HMDP) Bone Scintigraphy for Bone Metastases from Prostate Cancer Using Deep Learning Algorithms
Authors: Higashiyama Shigeaki , Yoshida Atsushi , Kawabe Joji 
Published: May 2020

Background:
BSI calculated from bone scintigraphy using 99mtechnetium-methylene
diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) is used as a quantitative indicator of metastatic bone involvement in
bone metastasis diagnosis, therapeutic effect assessment, and prognosis prediction. However, the
BONE NAVI, which calculates BSI, only supports bone scintigraphy using 99mTc-MDP.

Aims:
We developed a method in collaboration with the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
to calculate bone scan index (BSI) employing deep learning algorithms with bone scintigraphy
images using 99mtechnetium-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (99mTc-HMDP). We used a convolutional
neural network (CNN), enabling the simultaneous processing of anterior and posterior
bone scintigraphy images named CNNapis.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of the BSI calculated by CNNapis
as bone imaging and bone metabolic biomarkers in patients with bone metastases from prostate
cancer.

Methods:
At our hospital, 121 bone scintigraphy scans using 99mTc-HMDP were performed and analyzed
to examine bone metastases from prostate cancer, revealing the abnormal accumulation of radioisotope
(RI) at bone metastasis sites. Blood tests for serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and
alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were performed concurrently. BSI values calculated by CNNapis were
used to quantify the metastatic bone tumor involvement. Correlations between BSI and PSA and between
BSI and ALP were calculated. Subjects were divided into four groups by BSI values (Group
1, 0 to <1; Group 2, 1 to <3; Group 3, 3 to <10; Group 4, >10), and the PSA and ALP values in
each group were statistically compared.

Results:
Patients diagnosed with bone metastases after bone scintigraphy were also diagnosed with
bone metastases using CNNapis. BSI corresponding to the range of abnormal RI accumulation was
calculated. PSA and BSI (r = 0.2791) and ALP and BSI (r = 0.6814) correlated positively. Significant
intergroup differences in PSA between Groups 1 and 2, Groups 1 and 4, Groups 2 and 3, and
Groups 3 and 4 and in ALP between Groups 1 and 4, Groups 2 and 4, and Groups 3 and 4 were
found.

Conclusion:
BSI calculated using CNNapis correlated with ALP and PSA values and is useful as
bone imaging and bone metabolic biomarkers, indicative of the activity and spread of bone metastases
from prostate cancer.
Assessment of Digital Workflow in Predoctoral Education and Patient Care in North American Dental Schools
Authors: Prager Martin C. , Liss Hannah 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTechnology has revolutionized the field of dentistry, and digital workflow has become commonplace in everyday dental practices. However, are future practitioners prepared to enter into an increasingly digitized world? The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which digital modalities were being taught to predoctoral dental students and used for patient care in dental schools throughout North America. A 35‐question survey was sent in February 2019 to all 76 dental schools in the U.S. and Canada. After 90 days, 54 recorded responses were received, for a 71% response rate. Students were reported to be using CAD/CAM technology in 50 (93%) of the 54 responding schools. While almost all schools responding to the survey were using digital scanning, there was disparity among them in terms of the types and frequency of procedures for which digital impressions were utilized. This study found that the incorporation of CAD/CAM technology in predoctoral dental curricula varied widely. However, it was clear that the relative dearth of well‐trained faculty members and the number of CAD/CAM units available to students limited its use. It is imperative that more emphasis is placed on the utilization of digital workflow in North American dental schools for future practitioners to practice contemporary restorative dentistry.
Integrating Competency‐Based Didactic and Experiential Global Health Learning for Dental Students: The Global Health Learning Helix Model
Authors: Yu Amy , Lambert R. Frederick , Alvarado Jose A. , Guzman Carlos A. Faerron , Seymour Brittany 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary outcomes of immersive integrated experiential and didactic courses in strengthening competency‐based global health learning in dental education. To address global inequities in oral health and student interest in global health, the Harvard School of Dental Medicine introduced two global health courses in 2017‐18. The first was a didactic course in the core predoctoral curriculum, and the second, in collaboration with the Inter‐American Center for Global Health, was a five‐day elective experiential learning course in rural Costa Rica. The experiential course was an extension of the didactic course. All 33 second‐year dental students completed the didactic course, and three of those students completed the experiential course. A pre‐post survey and a six‐month follow‐up survey on self‐reported knowledge based on course learning objectives were administered. The experiential course students also completed journals and interviews for qualitative analysis. Thirty‐two students completed the pre‐post didactic course surveys, for a response rate of 94%. There was a 100% response rate on the pre‐post didactic surveys by those students who participated in the experiential learning course. While the experiential learning group scored similarly to the class average before the didactic course, they had higher scores than the class averages both immediately after and at the six‐month follow‐up. All three students reported that the experiential learning course was “extremely effective” in building on what they learned in the didactic course. Qualitative analysis of the journals and interviews suggested enhanced learning from the combination of didactic and experiential methods. These preliminary results support the Global Health Learning Helix Model, a theoretical competency‐based teaching model for ethical student global health engagement to better prepare the future generation in tackling oral health disparities both locally and worldwide.
Did Clinical Reasoning and Knowledge Questions During Team‐Based Learning Enhance Dental Students’ Performance in Esthetic Dentistry?
Authors: Ihm Jungjoon , Shin Yongmin , Seo Deog‐Gyu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess whether clinical reasoning and factual knowledge questions used in team‐based learning (TBL) enhanced dental students’ performance in esthetic dentistry. Ninety‐seven third‐year dental students enrolled in esthetic dentistry in a dental school in Korea in 2018 were assigned to 16 teams consisting of five or six students each. A four‐step TBL sequence (pre‐study, readiness assurance test, appeal/feedback, and final test) was designed to examine how clinical reasoning and knowledge questions affected academically high‐ and low‐achieving students. The analysis was conducted with 87 students’ data because ten students failed to answer some questions. The results showed that team performance in TBL was consistently better than individual performance. The TBL sessions enhanced students’ critical thinking skills, though it did not affect their knowledge acquisition. The clinical reasoning questions especially benefited the academically low‐achieving students. Overall, TBL was an effective method for teaching these dental students using small‐group learning in esthetic dentistry. Team‐based cooperative learning facilitated a deeper understanding of esthetic dentistry because students were motivated to think critically and solve problems rather than simply memorize factual knowledge.
La plasticidad del hepatocito y su relevancia en la fisiología y la patología hepática
Authors: Ríos-López Diana G. , Aranda-López Yuli , Sosa-Garrocho Marcela , Macías-Silva Marina 
Published: May 2020

El hígado es uno de los principales órganos encargados de mantener la homeostasis en vertebrados, además de poseer una gran capacidad regenerativa. El hígado está constituido por diversos tipos celulares que de forma coordinada contribuyen para que el órgano funcione eficientemente. Los hepatocitos representan el tipo celular principal de este órgano y llevan a cabo la mayoría de sus actividades; además, constituyen una población heterogénea de células epiteliales con funciones especializadas en el metabolismo. El fenotipo de los hepatocitos está controlado por diferentes vías de señalización, como la vía del TGFβ/Smads, la ruta Hippo/YAP-TAZ y la vía Wnt/β-catenina, entre otras. Los hepatocitos son células que se encuentran normalmente en un estado quiescente, aunque cuentan con una plasticidad intrínseca que se manifiesta en respuesta a diversos daños en el hígado; así, estas células reactivan su capacidad proliferativa o cambian su fenotipo a través de procesos celulares como la transdiferenciación o la transformación, para contribuir a mantener la homeostasis del órgano en condiciones saludables o desarrollar diversas patologías.