bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memory disturbances in Children with Epilepsy: Frontal Lobe Epilepsy, Childhood Absence Epilepsy, and Benign Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes
Authors: Ahmed N S , Nada M A , Afeefy H H E , Abdellah E M R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to compare and characterize the memory function of children with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) for early diagnosis, better management and good quality of life

Subjects and Methods
Memory was examined in 40 children with epilepsy ,aged 8-16.

Results
Children with FLE showed significant deficits in verbal and visual memory. In addition, type of epilepsy, earlier age at epilepsy onset, and longer active duration of epilepsy were associated with memory problems. Seizure frequency and treatment, however, did not influence memory performance. This study indicates that children with FLE show greater risk of developing memory deficits than children with CAE or BECTS

Conclusion
Memory disturbances are more common in epileptic children, affecting their school achievement and hence their quality of life in a negative manner and may be linked to a higher incidence of behavioral changes
Predictors of Hemorrhagic Transformation in Patients Receiving r-tPA
Authors: Alosh T K , Aref H , Elewa M K , Mohamed A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA) is a proven intervention for acute ischemic stroke patients. The rationale behind the use of r-tPA in ischemic stroke is breaking down the clot and recanalization of the occluded blood vessels. The restoration of blood vessel patency is meaningful only if the brain tissue of the ischemic area is still viable. Intravenous thrombolysis showed moderate benefit upon administration between three and four and half hours from stroke onset.

Aim of the Work
assess the risk factors that lead to occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation in patients with acute ischemic stroke received intravenous thrombolytic during their hospital stay.

Patients and Methods
This is a retrospective cross-sectional observational study conducted in Ain Shams University hospital and Ain Shams University Specialized hospital. 200 patients were included in the study. All were in-patients, admitted in the stroke unit either in Ain Shams University hospital or Ain Shams University Specialized hospital. Patients were diagnosed by neurological history, clinical examination and radiological investigations (CT scan with or without MRI brain stroke protocol). The diagnosis of stroke must be made by a neurologist.

Results
there was statistically significant association found between hemorrhagic transformation and smoking and also onset of stroke while no statistically significant association found with BP during injection and RBS.

Conclusion
there was highly statistically significant associaton between hemorrhagic transformation and onset of stroke with p-value = 0.006 and OR (95% CI) 5.92 (1.656–21.165) while there was statistically significant association found with smoking with p-value = 0.012 and OR (95% CI) 2.424 (1.214–4.844).
Eating disorders among a sample of secondary school students in Eastern Tanta
Authors: Elmehallawy N M N , Essawy H I , Alsaleet G M , Sabry W M , Abdelsalam M S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Although a growing body of evidence supported that adolescents are considered a group of population at risk for the development of eating disorders, only very few studies have been carried out on the eating disorders among Egyptian adolescents. The current study conducted to investigate socio-cultural and clinical characteristics of eating disorders among a sample of secondary school students in Eastern Tanta. Four hundred and seven students were included in the study. Socio-demographic data were reported and height & weight were measured for all students who agreed to participate in the study. The household crowding index was calculated and EAT- 40 was done for all students who agreed to participate in the study. SCID-I was done for the students with EAT - 40 score ≥ 30 in private places that were determined by their school manager. The prevalence of eating disorders was 9.3%. These results demonstrate the high prevalence of eating disorders among secondary school students in Eastern Tanta. These findings are inviting further efforts to research in different areas in Tanta and other Egyptian cities where eating disorders are expected to be as more, equal or less prevalent among secondary school students as what we found in Eastern Tanta in order to determine the magnitude of eating disorders problem and to assess their epidemiology in Egypt. Also, these findings stimulate the mental health organizations and the educational authorities to put plans of management and helping these suffering students.
Impulsivity as a Clinical Marker for Bipolar Affective Disorder
Authors: Omar A M , Elbatrawy A N , Sabry W M , Elkholy H A , Farrag W A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Bipolar disorder is one of the world’s 10 most disabling conditions, taking away years of healthy functioning from individuals, all bipolar disorders are chronically recurring illnesses associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Impulsivity considered an integral part of bipolar disorder. Operationalized as a predisposition to action without reﬂection or regard for consequences. Potential consequences of this increased impulsivity include substance abuse, suicidal attempts, and other serious behavioral problems.

Aim of the Study
The aim of the current study was to measure impulsivity in both BD euthymic patients and in healthy first-degree relatives of BD patients. And to assess the functional implications of impulsiveness, on psychosocial functioning and in bipolar disorder patients, their first-degree relatives.

Patients and Methods
A convenient sample of 50 patients; diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were selected from the general adult psychiatry clinics and a convenient sample of 50 healthy first degree relatives of BD patients.

Results
We concluded by the end of this study that both cases and relatives have high overall impulsivity, and cases have higher impulsivity in comparison to relatives.

Conclusion
We suggest that impulsivity may be a potentially valuable candidate endophenotype for bipolar disorder.
Impact of the Length of Interpregnancy Interval on Obstetric Outcomes
Authors: Mohammed S S T , Ashoush S A , Sweedan K H , Ali R R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Inter-pregnancy interval (IPI) is defined as the period between the last delivery and conception of the current pregnancy. Both short and long intervals between pregnancies have been associated with an increased risk of variable adverse outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), small size for gestational age, and perinatal death.

Aim of the Work
To assess the impact of IPI as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes.

Patients and Methods
This study was held in Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital on 1719 patients ranging between the ages of 18-35 years. They were divided into three groups according to the length of their IPI [444 patients in group p1 (6-18 months), 847 patients in group p2 (18-48) and 428 patients in group p3 (&gt; 48 months)]. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of IPI as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes.

Results
The incidence of LBW among patients with IPI 6-18 months was 11.5%, 12.5% among those with IPI 18-48 months and 16.8% among those with IPI &gt; 48 months. It was also found that the rate of short IPI decreases with age, being more common among the younger age, lower parity groups. The incidence of gestational DM increased with longer IPI. Parity, previous miscarriages, cesarean sections and preterm labor were all significantly associated with the length of IPI.

Conclusion
This study confirms that both shorter and longer IPIs are associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study provides critical information relevant for improving pregnancy outcomes and fetal survival.
Role of Dexamethasone in Induction of Labor: (A Randomized Clinical Trial)
Authors: Elsayed H M , Bahaa A M , Alanwar A A , Mohamed K M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Labor induction is a common obstetric procedure which is done for many indications. Ripening of the cervix is a complex process involving hormonal, vasodilatory and inflammatory changes. There are broad range of methods for cervical ripening and induction of labor.
Aim of the study: to assess the efficacy of intramuscular administration of dexamethasone on the induction delivery-interval in full term women undergoing induction of labor.

Patients and Methods
This study was carried out between July 2018 and January 2019, at the labor ward of Ain Shams university maternity hospital, a double bind randomized control trial of 80 pregnant women undergoing induction of labor after obtaining the approval of the local ethical committee and a fully-informed written consent. They were randomized into two groups: group D (Dexamethasone group n = 40) and group C (control group n = 40).

Results
Of 80 pregnant women undergoing induction of labor there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups as regard their age, body mass index, gestational age and bishop score at time of intervention. There was significant statistical difference between the two groups as regard induction-active phase interval (P &lt; 0.05), mean induction-active phase interval in group D was (4.91±.85 hours) while in group C was (5.44±.83 hours). There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups as regard duration of active phase of labor, mean duration of active phase in group D was (4.10±.97 hours) and in group C (4.47±1.20 hours). There was significant statistical difference between the two groups as regard induction-delivery interval (P &lt; 0.05), mean induction-delivery interval in group D was (9.73±.1.52hours) while in group C was (10.70±1.87 hours). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups as regard duration of 2nd and 3rd stages of labor.

Conclusion
Single intramuscular injections of 2 ml. (8mg) of dexamethasone before induction of labor seems to shorten induction-delivery interval by shortening the induction-active phase interval.
Can Placental Thickness predict Fetal Weight?
Authors: El-Kady M A , Mansour A M , Ismail M H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The placenta is the principal influence on fetal birth weight, and it is thought that abnormalities of placental growth may precede abnormalities in fetal growth. Because the placenta may be the first organ to manifest changes of disease in pregnancy, placental features may have a role in screening for pregnancy complications.

Aim of the Work
The aim this study is to assess the accuracy of placental thickness (estimated by ultrasonography) in predicting fetal weight.

Patients and Methods
This prospective observational study was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital November, 15th, 2016 to November, 1st, 2017. 100 Normal antenatal pregnant women at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy who attended antenatal clinic at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital were recruited, after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results
The predictive rule could estimate actual birth weight with an accuracy of ± 0.450 kg (SEest = 0.450 kg). In visits 1 and 2; ± 0.448 kg (SEest = 0.448 kg) in visit 3.

Conclusion
The actual birth weight was regressed on the placental thickness using simple linear regression to obtain a predictive rule. There is very weak correlation between the actual neonatal weight and placental thickness. The current study deduced a new formula for correction of EFW using placental thickness which has a promising role to offer in the prediction of birth weight.
The Efficacy of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Reduction of Blood Loss in Women at High Risk of Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Diab K M , Mohamed R M , Abdelhay A G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality. All women who carry a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks’ gestation are at risk for PPH and its sequelae. Although maternal mortality rates have declined greatly in the developed world, PPH remains a leading cause of maternal mortality elsewhere.

Aim of the Work
To assess the efficacy and safety intravenous tranexamic acid in reduction of amount of blood loss in high risk women who deliver by cesarean section or vaginal delivery in postpartum period.

Patients and Methods
This prospective double blind randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on 200 patients planned for LSCS or vaginal delivery at Gestational Age ≥ 34 Weeks at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. Recruitment of data begun once the protocol was approved by research and ethical committee of the department of obstetrics and gynecology.

Results
No significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards age (p = 0.508), no significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards Gestational age (p = 0.447),total blood loss (p &lt; 0.001) was significantly lower in study group than control group, Vaginal pads in the 1st 24 hours post-partum was significantly less soaked in study group than control group (p &lt; 0.001). no significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards Preoperative Hemoglobin, Postoperative Hemoglobin was significantly higher in study group than control group (p &lt; 0.001), Reduction in Hemoglobin was significantly less in study group than control group (p &lt; 0.001), no significant difference between Study and Control groups as regards Preoperative Hematocrite, Postoperative Hematocrit was significantly higher in study group than control group (p &lt; 0.001), Reduction in Hematocrite was significantly less in study group than control group (p &lt; 0.001).Need to iron replacement or blood transfusion was significantly less frequent in study group than control group (p = 0.24).

Conclusion
The use of tranexamic acid prior to cesarean section or vaginal delivery is effective as a prophylaxis against post-partum hemorrhage as shown by the results of this study. It can significantly reduce blood loss during and after cesarean section or vaginal delivery.
Sildenafil versus Nifedipine Treatment of PRETERM LABOR: RCT
Authors: Alkady M A , Mostafa M H , Elkattan R K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
a normal pregnancy lasts 37 to 42 weeks, counting from the first day of the last menstrual period. A pregnancy that continues beyond 37 weeks is called a “term” pregnancy. Preterm labor is defined as labor that begins before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Approximately 12 percent of babies in the United States are born preterm; 80 percent of these are due to preterm labor that occurs on its own or after preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes (or “broken bag of waters”). The remaining 20 percent are planned early deliveries that are done for maternal or fetal problems that prevent the woman from being able to safely continue with her pregnancy.

Aim of the Work
to assess the efficacy of sildenafil for stopping the labor for 48 hrs compared to nifedipine in women with preterm labor.

Patients and Methods
this prospective study was carried on pregnant women with preterm labor pain at Ain Shams University Hospital from March 2018 till September 2018. Study includes 88 patients which were distributed into two groups: Group S: received Sildenafil to stop preterm labor.Group N: received Nifedipine to stop preterm labor.

Results
in the present study we found that mean age in group receiving sildenafil (group S) was 26.55 years and in group receiving nifidpine (group N) was 26.75 years with insignificant differences between two groups as regard age p-value 0.798, also as regard. BMI and parity there was insignificant differences between two groups as regard BMI p-value 0.727, 0.815 respectively, Mean Gestational age at admission was 27.1 weeks in group S and in group N was 28.16 with insignificant differences between two groups p-value 0.705.

Conclusion
administration of Sildenafil in women with preterm labor pain seems to be a promising future therapy of preterm labor with, limiting the teratogenic influence of the drugs on the fetus.
Antibiotic prophylaxis before skin incision versus after cord clamping in the prevention of maternal and neonatal infectious morbidity after cesarean section
Authors: Eltantawy W H , Labib K M , Farag A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
the purpose of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical procedures is not to sterilize tissues but to reduce colonisation pressure of microorganisms introduced at the time of the operation to a level that can be overcome by the patient’s immune system.

Aim of the study
to compare the effects of antibiotic prophylaxis administered in cesarean section preoperatively versus after neonatal cord clamp on postoperative infectious complications for both the mother and the neonate.

Patients and Methods
This comparative study was carried out between August 2017 and February 2018, at Ain Shams maternity hospital and Al-Galaa teaching hospital, a prospective randomized control comparativestudy of 874 pregnant ladies undergoing cesarean section after obtaining the approval of the local ethical committee and a fully-informed written consent.

Results
Of 874 pregnant ladies undergoing cesarean section, mean gestational age in group A (38.71±1.09); while in group B mean gestational age (38.86±1.06). In group A, wound infection 8 cases (1.6%), endometritis 25 cases (5.7%), UTI 18 case (4.1%). In group B, wound infection 16 cases (3.7%), endometritis 35 cases (8%), UTI 28 case (6.4%). No cases suffered from early or long term neonatal complications.

Conclusion
there is no significant difference between timing of antibiotic either before skin incision or after cord clamping, however there are risk factors that increase the maternal, fetal infectious morbidity as high BMI, low gestational age, previous section, general anaesthesia.
Comparison between Single Fraction versus Multiple Fraction Radiotherapy in Terms of Pain Control and Prevention of Skeletal Related Events in Patients with Bone Metastasis Candidates for Radiotherapy
Authors: Azmy A M , Adel A M , Nagy A A , Ibrahim S A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Metastasis are the most common type of malignant tumor which involve bone, according to OSCER (Oncology Services Comprehensive Electronic Record) among 382,733 study patients, breast cancer (36 %), lunge cancer (60%), and colorectal cancer (12%) were the most common, incidence of bone metastasis was 2.9% at 30 days, 4.9% at 1 year, 5.6% at 2 years, 6.9% at 5 years, 8.4 % at 10 years. Incidence varied by tumor type with prostate cancer patients were at highest risk (18%-29%) followed by lunge, renal and breast cancer.

Aim of the Work
This study aim to prove the equivalency and the efficacy of single fraction radiotherapy (800cGY) and multiple fraction radiotherapy (10 fractions, 300 cGY / fraction, 1 fraction / day, 5 days per week over 2 weeks to a total of 3000cGy) in terms of pain relief and prevention of skeletal related events.

Results
In this study we collected data of 60 patients, 5 patients died and 55 patients received active treatment who were divided into 2 arms, Arm I represented 28 patients received single fraction radiotherapy on sites of bone metastasis (800cGY) and Arm II represented 27 patients received multiple fraction radiotherapy on sites of bone metastasis (total of 3000cGY in 10 fractions). Regarding to pain response, it was evaluated at zero, 2,4 weeks and 2,4 months using Visual Analogue Scale and Numeric Rating Scale or telephone interviews. Complete response was defined as no pain for 4 months, partial response was defined as at least 2 points lower than initial response, stable response was defined as 1 point change in pain score and progressive response was defined as pain score that’s at least 2 points higher than initial response. In our study, in Arm I patient achieving complete response represented 50% and in Arm II 40.7% which is non significant of P value 0.490, while partial response in Arm I represented 39.3% and 18.5 % in Arm II which is non significant of P value 0.090, stable response in Arm I represented 3.6% and 33.3% in Arm II which is highly significant of P value 0.004 and progressive response in Arm I represented 7.1% and in Arm II 7.4% which is non significant of P value 0.974.

Conclusion
Single fraction radiotherapy is equivalent to multiple fraction radiotherapy in terms of palliating pain of bone metastasis and prevention of skeletal related events.
Evaluation of the Prognostic value of the Prechemotherapy Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Elsheikh E , Ezzeldin N , Ghali R , Elghamry W , Canaan M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The prognostic value of Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma is still indistinct. We conducted this study to assess the prognostic significance of pretreatment PLR in patients with MPM.

Aim of the Work
to assess the prognostic significance of pre-treatment PLR in patients with MPM.

Material and Methods
we retrospectively reviewed 1!0 patients treated for MPM with chemotherapy in Ain-Shams University hospital, Clinical Oncology department between January 2013 and December 2017. Pre-treatment CBC was available for the 110 patients to calculate PLR by dividing the absolute platelet count by the absolute lymphocytic count.

Results
Out of 110 patients with available pre-treatment complete blood picture, population age ranged from 28 to 70 years. Male to female ratio was 5:6 .Epithelioid subtype represent 85% of cases. Stages III and IV present 48.2% and 35.5, respectively while stages I and II present 3.6% and 12.7%, respectively. The median PLR in the study population was found to be 177.9,

Conclusion
PLR is an easy , reproducible and inexpensive prognostic factor that needs to be more investigated in MPM.