bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beware the band adhesion: an unexpected cause of double obstruction following intraperitoneal kidney transplantation
Authors: Tovmassian David , Tang Linda , Hameed Ahmer M , Yao Jinna , Yoon Peter Daechul , Lee Taina , Laurence Jerome M , Yuen Lawrence P K , Allen Richard D M , Lau Howard , Pleass Henry C C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Small bowel obstruction (SBO) following intraperitoneal renal transplantation, either solitary or due to simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation, is a known complication. While SBO is most commonly due to adhesions, there have been documented cases of internal herniation following simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation with enteric drainage due to the formation of a mesenteric defect. We present a unique complication in which the transplant ureter has caused strangulation and necrosis of a length of small intestine. The transplant ureter was mistaken for a band adhesion and divided. Post-operative anuria signalled this difficult diagnosis. Subsequent re-look laparotomy and ureteric reimplantation with Boari flap were required. Therefore, it is important to consider the ureter as a cause of internal herniation in kidney transplant patients and recognize that a band adhesion within the pelvis may in fact be the transplant ureter, obstructing a loop of small intestine beneath its course.
Photogenerated-hole-induced rapid elimination of solid tumors by the supramolecular porphyrin photocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Wang Li , Liu Weixu , Yan Zihe , Zhu Yongfa , Zhou Shuyun , Guan Shanyue 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The rapid, complete, targeted and safe treatment for tumors remains a key issue in cancer therapy. A novel treatment of solid tumors by supramolecular photocatalyst Nano-SA-TCPP with the irradiation of 600–700 nm wavelength is established. Solid tumors (100 mm3) can be eliminated within 10 min. The 50-day mouse survival rate was increased from 0% to 100% after the photocatalytic therapy. The breakthrough was owing to the cell membrane rupture and the cytoplasmic loss caused by photogenerated holes inside cancer cells. The porphyrin-based photocatalysts can be internalized in a targeted manner by cancer cells due to the size selection effect, without entering the normal cells. The therapy has no toxicity or side effects for normal cells and organisms. Moreover, the photocatalytic therapy is effective for a variety of cancer cell lines. Because of its high efficiency, safety and universality, the photocatalytic therapy provides us with a new lancet to conquer the tumor.
Aging well: an update
Authors: Akiyama Hiroko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Population aging is a global phenomenon, and Japan is one of the front-runners of rapidly aging societies. In 2030, one-third of the Japanese population will be at least 65 years of age and 20% will be at least 75 years of age. The working age population is shrinking. Healthy aging is a crucial issue for both individual well-being and the sustainability of society. Along with biomedical research, the importance of the living environment and lifestyle has been long recognized and extensively studied. The issues have been identified and now it is time to establish solutions and actions – action-targeted research.
The Institute of Gerontology at the University of Tokyo launched a social experiment, redesigning existing communities where people could live for 100 years and remain healthy, active, and connected, while still maintaining a sense of security. This requires co-creation by citizens, researchers, government, and industry. The ultimate goal is to make linkages among longevity, health, and wealth, and to build a sustainable society.
Field-Based Tests of Strength and Anaerobic Capacity Used in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aertssen Wendy , Jelsma Dorothee , Smits-Engelsman Bouwien 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are reported to have lower levels of strength and anaerobic capacity. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify field-based tests for strength and anaerobic capacity used in studies comparing children with DCD and children who were typically developing (TD), (2) examine the methodological quality of studies reporting psychometric properties and rate the psychometric properties of the examined test, and (3) summarize available evidence by combining the methodological quality of the studies and the quality of the psychometric properties of the test.

Methods
An electronic search was conducted in July 2019 in 4 electronic databases. For purpose 1, primary studies were included with no exclusion of study design in which children aged 4 to 18 years with DCD were compared with children who were TD on strength and/or anaerobic capacity measures. For purpose 2, primary studies were included with no exclusion of study design in which a psychometric property was investigated. The Consensus-Based Standards for Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the 34 studies and rate the psychometric properties of the tests used.

Results
Hand-held dynamometer, bent knee push-up, vertical jump, standing long-jump, functional strength measurement, fitness test, and test battery can be recommended for TD, and the shuttle run item of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition and 10 m × 5 m sprints (straight and slalom) can be recommended for DCD.

Conclusion
Information regarding psychometric properties of field-based tests for strength and anaerobic capacity in children with DCD is lacking.

Impact
Information about the psychometric properties of field-based tests for strength and anaerobic capacity in children with DCD is lacking. More information is available on TD children, but it is also not complete; information regarding validity and responsiveness, especially, is missing. When using measures in children with DCD, it is important to keep in mind this lack of evidence for the validity and reliability of the outcomes for this target group.
Cost-effectiveness of a proportionate universal offer of free exercise: Leeds Let’s Get Active
Authors: Candio Paolo , Meads David , Hill Andrew J , Bojke Laura 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this paper is to assess the cost-effectiveness of a proportionate universal programme to reduce physical inactivity (Leeds Let us Get Active (LLGA)) in adults.MethodsA continuous-time Markov chain model was developed to assess the cost implications and QALY gains associated with increases in physical activity levels across the adult population. A parametric survival analysis approach was applied to estimate the decay of intervention effect over time. Baseline model data were obtained from previous economic models, population-based surveys and other published literature. A cost-utility analysis was conducted from a health care sector perspective over the programme duration (39 months). Scenario and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of cost-effectiveness results.ResultsIn total, 51 874 adult residents registered to the programme and provided baseline data,19.5% of which were living in deprived areas. Under base case assumptions, LLGA was found to be likely to be cost-effective. However, variations in key structural assumptions showed sensitivity of the results.ConclusionsResults from this study suggest a non-negligible level of uncertainty regarding the effectiveness, and therefore, cost-effectiveness of a universal offer of free leisure centre-based exercise that targets hard to reach groups. Further data collection and a shift towards prospective evaluations are needed.
Serum amyloid A1 genotype associates with adult-onset familial Mediterranean fever in patients homozygous for mutation M694V
Authors: Kriegshäuser Gernot , Hayrapetyan Hasmik , Atoyan Stepan , Oberkanins Christian , Sarkisian Tamara 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
FMF shows considerable variability in severity and type of clinical manifestations by geographic region, which are attributed to Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene allelic heterogeneity, additional genetic modifiers and environmental factors. Considering the severe impact of MEFV mutation M694V on the FMF phenotype, this work aimed at investigating a possible disease modifying role of the serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) genotype in a cohort of 386 Armenian FMF patients homozygous for MEFV mutation M694V.

Methods
A cohort of 386 Armenian patients diagnosed with FMF based on the Tel-Hashomer criteria and carrying two MEFV M694V mutant alleles were included in this study. Fifty-two (13.40%) of these patients experienced their first attack at the age of ≥20 years (i.e. adult-onset FMF). MEFV and SAA1 analyses were performed by a commercial reverse-hybridization assay, and resulting genotypes were matched against the patients’ clinicodemographic profiles.

Results
Genotypic distribution of SAA1 alleles was significantly different between patients with an age of onset &lt;20 and ≥20 years. SAA1 genotypes α/α, α/β and β/β could be identified in 8 (15.38%), 12 (23.08%) and 32 (61.54%) adult-onset patients while this was the case for 47 (14.07%), 172 (51.50%) and 115 (34.43%) patients with a disease onset &lt;20 years, respectively (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, adult-onset disease was associated with a less severe FMF phenotype (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
We have identified a significant relationship between the SAA1β/β genotype and the age of disease onset in M694V homozygous FMF patients.
Comparison of Minimal Invasive Versus Biportal Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Single-level Lumbar Disease
Authors: Kim Ju-Eun , Yoo Hyun-Seung , Choi Dae-Jung , Park Eugene J. , Jee Seung-Min 
Published: July 2020

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Objective:
The authors aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of biportal endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (BE-TLIF) with those of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) using a microscope.

Summary of Background Data:
Lumbar spinal fusion has been widely performed for various lumbar spinal pathologies. Minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusion using a tubular retractor under a microscope is a method of achieving fusion while reducing soft tissue injury. Recently, several studies have reported minimally invasive techniques for lumbar discectomy, decompression, and interbody fusion using biportal endoscopic spinal surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included 87 patients who underwent single-level TLIF for degenerative or isthmic spondylolisthesis between 2015 and 2018. Thirty-two and 55 patients underwent BE-TLIF (group A) and MI-TLIF (group B), respectively. Visual Analogue Scale scores of the back and leg and Oswestry Disability Index were collected perioperatively.
Further, data regarding perioperative complications, including length of hospital stay, time to ambulation, and fusion rate, were collected.

Results:
The Visual Analogue Scale score at 2 weeks and 2 months postoperatively was significantly lower in group A (P=0.001). All other clinical scores showed improvement with no significant difference between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The difference in the fusion rates between group A (93.7%) and group B (92.7%) were not significant (P=0.43).

Conclusions:
Because BE-TLIF yieldeds lesser early postoperative back pain than did MI-TLIF, it may allow early ambulation and a shorter hospitalization period. BE-TLIF may be a viable alternative to MI-TLIF in patients with degenerative or isthmic spondylolisthesis with superior clinical results in the early postoperative period.
Adjunctive Fluvoxamine for Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Zheng Wei , Xiang Ying-Qiang , Cai Dong-Bin , Yang Xin-Hu , Zhang Ling , Zheng Wei , Lu Xiao-Bing , Tong Yan-Ming , Huang Xiong , Ungvari Gabor S. , Sim Kang , Ning Yu-Ping , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
This was a meta-analysis of double-blind, randomized controlled trials that examined the therapeutic effects and tolerability of adjunctive fluvoxamine versus placebo for schizophrenia.

Methods
The Review Manager, Version 5.3, was used to analyze data.

Results
Five double-blind randomized controlled trials (N = 284) covering 145 patients on adjunctive fluvoxamine and 139 patients on placebo were included in the analyses. Meta-analyses of total psychopathology, and negative, positive, and depressive symptoms did not show significant differences between the fluvoxamine and placebo groups. Two studies examined the effects of adjunctive fluvoxamine on cognitive functioning with mixed findings. Fluvoxamine was superior over placebo in lessening weight gain and metabolic abnormalities. Although fluvoxamine led to more discontinuation, no significant group differences were found regarding adverse drug reactions.

Conclusions
There was inconsistent evidence for the therapeutic effect of adjunctive fluvoxamine on cognitive functions and preliminary evidence for alleviating metabolic syndrome caused by clozapine. More studies are needed to explore further the effectiveness of adjunctive fluvoxamine for schizophrenia.
The Incidence of Central Neurological Disorders Among Patients With Isolated Dizziness and the Diagnostic Yield of Neuroimaging Studies
Authors: Idil Hasan , Ozbay Yenice Gokce , Kilic Turgay Yilmaz , Eyler Yesim , Duman Atilla Ozge 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:Dizziness is a common symptom among emergency department (ED) patients and is often associated with benign processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of severe central neurological pathologies in isolated dizziness cases and the diagnostic efficiency of neuroimaging studies.Methods:All applications for isolated dizziness to an academic ED between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The frequency of these admissions, the demographic data of the patients, the results of cranial computed tomography (CT) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) studies, and the central neurological causes of isolated dizziness were recorded.Results:The percentage of patients with isolated dizziness among all ED admissions was 2.5% (29,510/1,190,857). The median age of these patients was 52 years (interquartile range: 38 to 66) and 58% were female. During the study period, the rate of neuroimaging studies for isolated dizziness increased year by year, and a total of 6406 (21.7%) cranial CTs and 2896 (9.8%) DW-MRIs were performed. The diagnostic yield of neuroimaging studies was 0.6% for cranial CT and 3.9% for DW-MRI. Central neurological disorders were detected in 143 (0.48%) patients with isolated dizziness. The most common causes were posterior circulation ischemic strokes (47.5%), other ischemic strokes (18.9%), vertebrobasilar insufficiency (10.5%), and transient ischemic attack (8.4%).Conclusions:Isolated dizziness is rarely associated with central neurological pathologies. Neuroimaging studies, especially cranial CT, have low diagnostic yield in isolated dizziness and should therefore not be routine in the evaluation process.
GABA-B Receptor Encephalitis Triggered by Enterovirus Encephalitis in a Patient With Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kim Seong Hoon , Kim Woojun 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Encephalitis with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor antibodies (GABA-B receptor encephalitis) is known to have underlying neoplastic condition in half of the cases; however, there could be an additional event that could work as a trigger factor. Here, we report a patient with GABA-B receptor encephalitis associated with small cell lung cancer, which was probably triggered by enterovirus encephalitis.

Case Report:
A 53-year-old man was admitted for a seizure, following fever and headache for 3 days. Status epilepticus developed on the following day. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) study revealed lymphocyte-dominant pleocytosis, and enterovirus was detected by polymerase chain reaction test in CSF later. The patient recovered after 2 weeks of treatment. Another 2 weeks later, he showed confusion and seizure without fever. Follow-up CSF study revealed no abnormalities; however, MRI showed a lesion with vasogenic edema on the right posterior hippocampus. GABA-B receptor antibodies were found in the serum and CSF. The chest computed tomography revealed a mass on his right upper lung, which was confirmed as a small cell lung cancer. GABA-B receptor encephalitis associated with small cell lung cancer was diagnosed, and intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone were infused. Following treatment, seizures and delirium stopped, and the patient recovered to a near normal state. Follow-up MRI performed 2 months later showed that the hippocampal lesion had disappeared.

Conclusion:
In cases of infectious encephalitis with an atypical recurrent course, the possibility of newly onset autoimmune encephalitis should be considered.
Superior anticoagulation strategies for renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a cohort study
Authors: Arnold Frederic , Westermann Lukas , Rieg Siegbert , Neumann-Haefelin Elke , Biever Paul , Walz Gerd , Kalbhenn Johannes , Tanriver Yakup 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients who are admitted to intensive care units (ICU) have a high risk of requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) due to acute kidney injury (AKI). Concomitantly, COVID-19 patients exhibit a state of hypercoagulability that can affect circuit lifespan. An optimal anticoagulation strategy is therefore needed in order to maintain circuit patency and therapeutic efficiency of RRT.MethodsRetrospective single-centre cohort study on 71 critically ill COVID-19 patients at the University of Freiburg Medical Center. Included were all patients aged 18 years and older with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that were admitted to ICU between February 26 and May 21, 2020. We collected data on the COVID-19 disease course, AKI, RRT, thromboembolic events and anticoagulation. Primary outcome of the study was the effect of different anticoagulation strategies during RRT on extracorporeal circuit lifespans.ResultsAnticoagulation during continuous veno-venous haemodialysis (CVVHD) was performed with unfractionated heparin (UFH) or citrate. Mean treatment time in the UFH group was 21.3h (SEM: ±5.6h). Mean treatment time in the citrate group was 45.6h (SEM: ±2.7h). Citrate anticoagulation prolonged treatment duration significantly by 24.4h (p=0.0014). Anticoagulation during sustained low-efficiency daily dialysis (SLEDD) was performed with UFH, argatroban or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). Mean dialysis time with UFH was 8.1h (SEM: ±1.3h), argatroban 8.0h (SEM: ±0.9h) and LMWH 11.8h (SEM: ±0.5h). Compared to UFH and argatroban, LMWH significantly prolonged treatment times by 3.7h (p=0.0082) and 3.8h (p=0.0024), respectively.ConclusionsUFH fails to prevent early clotting events in dialysis circuits. For patients, who do not require an effective systemic anticoagulation, regional citrate dialysis is the most effective strategy in our cohort. For patients, who require an effective systemic anticoagulation treatment, the usage of LMWH results in the longest circuit life spans.FundingBerta-Ottenstein-Programme for Clinician Scientists, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany. Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung, Bad Homburg, Germany. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn, Germany.
Mutations from bat ACE2 orthologs markedly enhance ACE2-Fc neutralization of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mou Huihui , Quinlan Brian D. , Peng Haiyong , Guo Yan , Peng Shoujiao , Zhang Lizhou , Davis-Gardner Meredith E. , Gardner Matthew R. , Crynen Gogce , Voo Zhi Xiang , Bailey Charles C. , Alpert Michael D. , Rader Christoph , Choe Hyeryun , Farzan Michael 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein mediates infection of cells expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 is also the viral receptor of SARS-CoV (SARS-CoV-1), a related coronavirus that emerged in 2002-2003. Horseshoe bats (genus Rhinolophus) are presumed to be the original reservoir of both viruses, and a SARS-like coronavirus, RaTG13, closely related SARS-CoV-2, has been isolated from one horseshoe-bat species. Here we characterize the ability of S-protein receptor-binding domains (RBDs) of SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2, and RaTG13 to bind a range of ACE2 orthologs. We observed that the SARS-CoV-2 RBD bound human, pangolin, and horseshoe bat (R. macrotis) ACE2 more efficiently than the SARS-CoV-1 or RaTG13 RBD. Only the RaTG13 RBD bound rodent ACE2 orthologs efficiently. Five mutations drawn from ACE2 orthologs of nine Rhinolophus species enhanced human ACE2 binding to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD and neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by an immunoadhesin form of human ACE2 (ACE2-Fc). Two of these mutations impaired neutralization of SARS-CoV-1. An ACE2-Fc variant bearing all five mutations neutralized SARS-CoV-2 five-fold more efficiently than human ACE2-Fc. These data narrow the potential SARS-CoV-2 reservoir, suggest that SARS-CoV-1 and -2 originate from distinct bat species, and identify a more potently neutralizing form of ACE2-Fc.
A Targeted Vaccine against COVID-19: S1-Fc Vaccine Targeting the Antigen-Presenting Cell Compartment Elicits Protection against SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Herrmann Andreas , Maruyama Junki , Yue Chanyu , Lahtz Christoph , Zhou Heyue , Kerwin Lisa , Guo Whenzong , Zhang Yanliang , Hoo William Soo , Yei Soonpin , Kwon Sunkuk , Fu Yanwen , Johnson Sachi , Ledesma Arthur , Zhou Yiran , Zhuang Yingcong , Yei Elena , Adamus Tomasz , Praessler Slobodan , Ji Henry 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVaccination efficacy is enhanced by targeting the antigen-presenting cell compartment. Here, we show that S1-Fc antigen delivery targeting the FcγR+ antigen-presenting cell compartment elicits anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1-antigen specific IgG production in vivo exerting biologically functional and protective activity against live virus infection, assessed in a stringent experimental virus challenge assay in vitro. The S1-domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was genetically fused to a human immunoglobulin Fc moiety, which contributes to mediate S1-Fc cellular internalization by FcγR+ antigen-presenting cells. Immediately upon administration intramuscularly, our novel vaccine candidate recombinant rS1-Fc homes to lymph nodes in vivo where FcγR+ antigen-presenting cells reside. Seroconversion is achieved as early as day 7, mounting considerably increased levels of anti-S1 IgGs in vivo. Interestingly, immunization at elevated doses with non-expiring S1-Fc encoding dsDNA favors the education of a desired antigen-specific adaptive T cell response. However, low-dose immunization, safeguarding patient safety, using recombinant rS1-Fc, elicits a considerably elevated protection amplitude against live SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our promising findings on rS1-Fc protein immunization prompted us to further develop an affordable and safe product for delivery to our communities in need for COVID-19 vaccinations.