bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laboratory characteristics of patients with variant Phiadelphia chromosome positive leukemia
Authors: Song Qiling , Guo Yangliu , Wang Dongsheng , Liu Qingsong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Variant Philadelphia chromosomes are characterized by the involvement of another chromosome in addition to chromosome 9 or 22. To detect the difference between variant Philadelphia chromosomes positive leukemia and classic Philadelphia chromosomes positive leukemia. And to help diagnose and treat variant Philadelphia chromosomes positive leukemia. Methods In this study, Peripheral blood and bone morrow cell morphology test was used to analysis bone morphology of variant Ph positive patients. Karyotype analysis was used to find out variant Ph chromosomes. Flow cytometry analysis was used for immunology analysis. BCR/ABL was detected by PCR to monitor change of molecular genetics in variant Ph positive patients. Results From 48 patients with Ph positive leukemia, we found out 3 variant Ph positive leukemia. Compared with the classic Ph positive leukemia patients, the hemogram in the variant Ph positive leukemia patients was more variant for presenting hypomyelodysplasia or hyperactive. Compared with classic chronic myeloid leukemia which neutrophilic myelocyte, metamyelocyte and stab granulocyte is increasing in, both the morphological testing of bone marrow cells smear and flow cytometry analysis were indicated that proportion of myeloblast and promyelocyte increased in variant Philadelphia chromosomes leukemia. What’s more, the variant Ph with breakpoint 4q31 was the first report in leukemia patient. Same as the classic Ph positive leukemia patient, formal and effective treatment could prolong the survival of patients with variant Ph positive leukemia. Conclusions Compared with classic Ph positive leukemia, the hemogram was more variant in variant Ph. The myeloid morphology in the patients with variant Ph was more immature than that of in the patients with classic Ph. Reporting new cases of complex variant translocations, which can refer to new breakpoints that can eventually be recurrent and important for the understanding of this leukemia. Formal and effective treatment are necessary for variant Ph positve leukemia.
Propranolol induced apoptosis and autophagy via the ROS/JNK signaling pathway in human ovarian cancer
Authors: Zhao Shujun , Fan Suzhen , Shi Yanyu , Ren Hongyan , Hong Hanqing , Gao Xiang , Zhang Min , Qin Qiaohong , Li Hongyu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Propranolol has a significant anti-cancer effect on various cancers. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism behind the therapeutic effect of Propranolol on the ovarian cancer.Materials and methods: The effect of Propranolol on cell viability was examined by MTT analysis. Cellular apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. Autophagy was defined by autophagosome observed by confocal microscopy after infected with GFP-LC3 adenovirus. In addition, the expression of marker proteins involved in cell apoptosis, autophagy, and ROS/JNK signaling pathway were estimated by Western Blotting assay.Results: Propranolol significantly reduced the viability of human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 and A2780 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that Propranolol induced the cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and resulted in apoptosis. Moreover, autophagy inhibitor 3-MA markedly enhanced the Propranolol-induced apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) was demonstrated dramatically increased after Propranolol treatment and Propranolol activated the phosphorylation of JNK. What is more, p38 inhibitor SB203580 and JNK inhibitor SP600125 attenuated the upregulated expression of LC3-II and cleaved-caspase-3 by the effect of Propranolol. ROS exclusive inhibitor antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) weaken the phosphorylation of JNK proteins induced by Propranolol.Conclusions：In summary, our results suggested that Propranolol induced cell apoptosis and protective autophagy through the ROS/JNK signaling pathway in human ovarian cancer cells.
Indomethacin sensitizes human lung cancer cells to DDP through autophagy activation in a mouse model
Authors: Zhang Yueying , Liu Debao , Yang Tong , Zhang Yuehua , Li Yan , Zhao Guoli , Zhang Xiaoyue , Wang Zhaopeng , Zhao Qianqian , Niu Shiying 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Indomethacin is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) , and it was considered to have chemosensitization effects on many cancers, however, the mechanism of its effect on chemotherapy is still unclear. In this study, using human lung cancer SPC-A-1 cells, we examined the effects of indomethacin sensitize s human lung cancer cells to cisplatin (DDP). Methods: Human lung cancer SPC-A-1 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into BALB/c-nu/nu mice, and all the transplanted nude mice were divided into a control group, a DDP group and a indomethacin combined with DDP group , after daily treatment for 4 weeks a ll the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Immunohisto-chemical staining was employed to determine the expression of PCNA of lung tumor cell in the tumor tissues, western blot was used to detect the expression of autophagy related protein LC3-II and P62 What’s more, the formation of antophagosomes was observed through transmission electron microscope. Results: Compared with the control group and DDP group, we can find that tumor growth is very slow in indomethacin combined with DDP group , and the tumor weight decreased significantly in combined group. H&E staining reveal s that tumor cell necrosis is more obvious in combined group . The immunohistochemical staining results indicated that the expression of PCNA was much lower in combined group . than that in control and DDP group s.More importantly, western blot results show that the expression of LC3-II was significantly up-regulated in combined group than that in control group and DDP group ( P < 0.05 ) , and the expression of p62 protein was significantly down-regulated in combined group ( P < 0.05 ). Moreover, transmission electron microscope results show that compared with the control group and DDP group, the number of antophagosomes increased significantly in combined group. Conclusions : Our findings suggested that indomethacin can enhance the chemo s ensitivity of lung cancer cells to DDP, and the underlying mechanism maybe associated with the activation of autophagy.
Infrastructure and Manufacturing Value Added in Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Nnadozie Obianuju , Raifu Isiaka Akande 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper examines the nexus between infrastructure and manufacturing value added (MVA) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It employs panel data for 34 SSA countries spanning 2003 to 2018. The empirical results obtained from the static and dynamic panel estimation techniques applied suggest that infrastructure is essential for the improvement of manufacturing value added in SSA. Furthermore, our findings reveal that the infrastructure-MVA nexus varies by infrastructure types (electricity, transportation, information and communication technology (ICT) and water and sanitation) and across the different sub-regions that make up SSA. This study therefore posits that massive investment in infrastructure is a viable policy option for enhancing the growth and development of the manufacturing sector in SSA.
Synergistic effect of ibrutinib and CD19 CAR-T cells on Raji cells in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Liu Meijing , Wang Xuelin , LI Zheng , Zhang Rui , Mu Juan , Jiang Yanyu , Sun Lei , Deng Qi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Ibrutinib might improve the efficacy of CD19 CAR-T cell therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We expect to study the possibility and mechanism of synergistic effect of ibrutinib and CAR-T cells in other types of lymphoma.

Methods

We selected the CD19 CAR-T cells of a patient who failed in this therapy and a dose of 8 mg/kg/day ibrutinib to study the synergistic effect. Subcutaneous and tail vein tumorigenic mice were established with Raji cells. The differences of the synergistic effect between these two models were compared by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) monitoring and flow cytometry (FCM). Then the expression of STAT-3 signaling pathway was assessed by western blot analysis.

Results

The expression of PD-L1 was 0.23±0.06% in Raji cells. In subcutaneous tumorigenic model, the luciferase signal was reduced significantly in the ibrutinib combined with CD19 CAR-T cell group. The proportion of CD19 CAR-T cells was higher in the polytherapy group than that of the CAR-T cell monotherapy group. But we didn't get analogous synergistic effect in tail vein tumorigenic model. There was no difference between the STAT-3 signaling pathway expression in residual tumor cells with or without ibrutinib.

Conclusions

Our result might indicate that no IL-10/STAT-3/PD-L1 pathway were involved in the synergistic effect. Then some other mechanism about tumor microenvironment might be a possible target for ibrutinib. We expect our results provide evidence for the use of ibrutinib in polytherapy to other types of B cell lymphoma.
Impact Of Trade Facilitation On Extensive Margin: A Ppml Panel Gravity Equation Approach
Authors: Alaamshani Imad Kareem , Hamzah Hanny Zurina , Kaliappan Shivee Ranjanee , Ismail Normaz Wana 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper examines the link between trade facilitation and extensive margin for 111 countries over the period of 2008 to 2014. The study employs a panel pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) method to estimate the model. We measure trade facilitation using more comprehensive measures of enabling trade index (ETI); market access, border administration, transport and communication infrastructure, and business environment. The novelty in using ETI is a comprehensive index that takes into account the effects of factors, policies, and services facilitating the free flow of goods over borders and to the destination. The paper has four major findings. Our results highlight that better trade facilitation leads the countries to export, import more diversified, and a wider range of products. Second, improvement in the business environment and transport and communication infrastructure in trade facilitation yield the highest return in terms of increasing the number of exported products. Third, border administration coming as the second most important factor in affecting extensive margin. Forth and most interestingly, despite economic integration, there is a considerably stronger effect on the side of exporter’s trade facilitation, which shows large unexploited gains, to be reaped on the side of exporter countries trade facilitation.
Clinical features in mild type and severe type of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Peng Liang , Xu Wenxiong , Luo Qiumin , Chen Dabiao , Lei Ziying , Chen Yuanli , Wang Juan , Li Xuejun , Huang Zhanlian , Lin Bingliang , Gao Zhiliang , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbroke in Wuhan and spread to the world quickly. We aim to describe the clinical features and compare them between mild type and severe type of COVID-19 patients. Methods: Laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in this study. Patients’ demographic data and clinical features were recorded and compared between mild type and severe type. Results: Fifteen patients were confirmed COVID-19 and enrolled in this study. Six patients were of mild type, while 9 patients were of severe type. Statistical differences were found between mild type and severe type patients in retirement, epidemiological history, baseline blood level of lactate dehydrogenase and Oxygenation Index (All p < 0.05). All patients had ground-glass opacities without consolidation in initial chest computed tomography images, 2 (16.7%) patients had pulmonary nodules. There were no statistical differences between mild type and severe type patients in initial chest CT findings (All p > 0.05). Conclusions: Differences can be found in baseline clinical features between mild type and severe type of COVID-19 patients to help health care providers making early judgement to the severity and proper treatment. Trial registration: The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04279782. Registered 20 February 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04279782?term=NCT04279782&draw=2&rank=1
Chang-Kang-Fang Ameliorates Experimental Diarrhea Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Gut -Brain Axis
Authors: Xie Hui , Lu Min , Fan Xinyu , Hu Jingyi , Zheng Yuanyuan , Weiqian Kong , Ji Ruyi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Chang-Kang-Fang formula (CKF), a multi-herb traditional Chinese medicinal formula, has been clinically used for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). Though we have reported the compounds of CKF and the therapeutic effect on IBS-D rats, the exact mechanism underlying is still not clear. The aim of this study is to clearly define the effect of CKF on IBS-D by regulating gut microbiota and gut-brain axis. Method: We investigated the effects of CKF on IBS-D rat model, established by psychosocial stress (restraint) combined with the peripheral stimulation (senna leaf gavage) stress. The changed of body weight and the number of fecal pellets was investigated during the experiment. The effect on intestinal sensitivity was assessed based on the abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores and the intestinal permeability, the expression of ZO-1, measured by immunohistochemistry. The effect of CKF on gut-brain axis was evaluated by the expression of 5-HT through immunohistochemistry. The composition of gut microbiota was detected through 16sRNA. Results: Administration of CKF significantly have shown the therapeutic effect on IBS-D rats, involving decreased the score of AWR and increased the number of pellets, though there were no different on body weight change. In addition, CKF could upregulated the expression of ZO-1 in colon and downregulated the expression of 5-HT in colon and brain Moreover, CKF could rebalance the gut microbiota of IBS-D, increasing the abundance of Lactobacillu, Allobaculum, Roseburia and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136. Conclusion: CKF potentially alleviates IBS-D through regulating gut microbiota and gut-brain axis.
An experiment of health services and additional microcredit in 128 villages of Bangladesh
Authors: Becker Stan , Amin Ruhul , Chakraborty Nirali , Zimmerman Linnea 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

BackgroundStudies in the literature have found mixed results on the effect of microcredit on health outcomes. Of the five previous experimental studies that included microcredit and a health intervention, three reported no significant changes in health status or behaviors.MethodsThis study consisted of a 4-celled experimental design in 128 villages in rural Bangladesh to test for marginal and interactive effects of increased microcredit and provision of basic health services. For villages in one cell, an additional microcredit worker was assigned. For those in a second cell, a Health Assistant visited households each month, provided simple medicines and announced a satellite clinic held monthly in each village. For a third cell, both interventions were combined, and villages in a fourth cell served as control. Baseline questionnaires were completed with a sample of 3933 women (98.7% completed) and, three years later, attempts were made to re-interview the same women (93.7% completed). Outcome measures were food security, contraceptive use, having a trained birth attendant at last birth, and measles immunization. ResultsComparison of follow-up with baseline levels of the four outcome measures showed significant improvement in food security in all study arms and a significant increase in trained birth attendant at last birth in the health services villages. Due to confusion within Grameen Bank about which workers would provide the additional microcredit work, that intervention was poorly implemented so in mulitivariate analyses, the data for that intervention arm were grouped with data from the control arm. Logistic regression with values of the outcomes at follow-up as dependent variable and study arm and women’s schooling as covariates (women’s schooling was the one covariate that was not balanced across study arms) showed no significant effects of either separate or grouped study arms. ConclusionTwo of the three health behaviors showed no significant changes over time but having a trained birth attendant at last delivery did increase significantly in the health services arm. Therefore community health education can sometimes be effective in promoting healthy behaviors.
Do institutions, financial and trade openness matter for financial development? Evidence from Muslim Countries
Authors: Ali Amjad , Muhammad Faqeer , Karim Rehmat 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of institutional, financial openness and trade openness on financial development in the case of 26 Muslim countries. For this purpose, panel data have been taken from world development indicators for the period 2002-2014 and the panel data model has been estimated using fixed effect random effect models. The findings of this paper have highlighted the role of institutions, trade and financial openness in financial development. The results show that the quality of institution, trade openness and economic growth have significant and positive effect on financial development. Keeping in view the results, it is recommended that Muslim countries should focus on adopting free trade policies, maintaining law and order situation, elimination of corruption and enhancing the quality of institutions for financial sector development.
Malaria and intestinal parasite co-infections and impact on haematological parameters among people living with HIV in Buea, Southwest Cameroon
Authors: Sandie Sorelle Mekachie , Sumbele Irene Ule Ngole , Tasah Martin Mih , Kimbi Helen Kuokuo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Both malaria and intestinal parasites are endemic in Cameroon, and their co-infection can be of great impact on haematological parameters among people living with HIV (PLWH). This cross-sectional study determined the prevalence and impact of malaria/intestinal parasite co-infections on haematological parameters in PLWH and HIV negative individuals in Buea, Cameroon from March-August 2019.Methods: The study population (500) comprised of 190 PLWH, 216 HIV consenting negative individuals from the Buea community and 94 HIV negative patients at the Buea Hospital out-patient department (OPD). Participants were examined clinically, and the collected blood sample was used for malaria parasite (MP) detection, HIV diagnosis and full blood count analysis. Stool samples were examined for the detection of intestinal parasites (IPs) using the formol-ether concentration and modified Zheil-Neelsen techniques. Proportions were compared using Pearson’s Chi-square test and association of anaemia with the independent variables was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis Results: Overall, MP, IPs and MP/IPs co-infection prevalences were 17.0% (85), 13.0% (65) and 2.2% (11) respectively. When compared with HIV negative participants from the communities, PLWH had the highest prevalence of MP (16.3%, P = 0.17), IPs (23.7%, P ˂ 0.001) and MP/IPs co-infection (3.7%, P = 0.04). Plasmodium falciparum was the only malaria parasite identified. Detected protozoa (10.2%) were Cryptosporidium species and Entamoeba histolytica while detected helminths (3.8%) were Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma mansoni, hookworm, Dipylidium caninum, Hymenolepis nana and Taenia species. Cryptosporidium species (16.8%, 32) was the most prevalent protozoan IP while hookworm (2.6%, 5) was the most prevalent helminth among PLWH. The significant risk factors associated with anaemia included being aged 21-30 years (P=0.029), a male (P<0.001), MP positive (P<0.001), HIV positive (P<0.001) and feverish (P<0.001). Participants co-infected with HIV, MP and IP had a significantly lower mean haemoglobin value (10.56 ±1.21 g/dl). Conclusion: Malaria and intestinal parasites are still public health concern among PLWH and co-infections have negative influence on haematological parameters especially haemoglobin concentration. Routine screening for malaria and IPs in PLWH is recommended, as well as haemoglobin concentration monitoring.
Burden and determinants of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients in Ethiopia: A systematic Review and Meta-analysis, 2020
Authors: Tolossa Tadesse , Fetensa Getahun , Regassa Bikila , Tigistu Mekdes , Fekadu Ginenus , Besho Merga , Bekele Daniel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) among diabetic patients is becoming a global health burden with a high economic cost to health systems. Its incidence is increased at higher rate in low income countries including Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, there is no national representative evidence on burden and determinants of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients. Therefore, this review aimed to estimates the pooled burden and determinants of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients.

Methods

Published articles from various electronic databases such as Pub Med, Google scholar, CINAHL, Scopes, Cochrane library, the Web of Science and African Journals Online were accessed. Also, unpublished studies from Addis Ababa digital library were identified. All observational studies that were conducted on the burden and determinants of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients were included. Data were extracted on the Microsoft excel spreadsheet and analyzed using STATA 14.1 version. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled estimate with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Forest plots were used to visualize the presence of heterogeneity and estimate the pooled burden and determinants of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients. The presence of publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger’s statistical tests.

Results

Published (163) and unpublished (2) literature were identified from several databases and digital library, of which ten articles were selected for final meta-analysis. Significant heterogeneity was observed across studies (I 2 = 84.6%), which suggests random-effects model to estimate pooled burden. The analysis found that the pooled burden of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients was 17.55% (95%CI: 14.23–20.88). Being hypertensive patient, type II DM and staying with DM for greater than 10 years had positive significant association with chronic kidney disease.

Conclusion

The current review revealed a higher burden of chronic kidney diseases among diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Presence of hypertension, type of diabetes mellitus and staying with diabetes for longer duration were found to be independent determinants of chronic kidney disease among diabetic patients. For better control of chronic kidney disease, integrated management of hypertension and DM should be designed with special focus on chronic diabetic patients.