bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Cohort of Patients With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Receiving Daptomycin Plus Ceftaroline Compared With Other MRSA Treatments
Authors: McCreary Erin K , Kullar Ravina , Geriak Matthew , Zasowski Evan J , Rizvi Khulood , Schulz Lucas T , Ouellette Krista , Vasina Logan , Haddad Fadi , Rybak Michael J , Zervos Marcus J , Sakoulas George , Rose Warren E 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundDaptomycin and ceftaroline (DAP-CPT) have been used for persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (MRSAB), but have rarely been compared with other therapies. This study provides an exploratory analysis of patients placed on DAP-CPT vs standard of care (SOC) for MRSAB.MethodsThis is a retrospective, matched cohort study MRSAB patients at 4 hospitals in the United States. Patients receiving DAP-CPT for ≥72 hours at any point in therapy were matched 2:1 when possible, 1:1 otherwise, to SOC, first by infection source, then age and renal function. SOC was empiric treatment with vancomycin or daptomycin and any subsequent combination antibiotic(s), except for DAP-CPT.ResultsFifty-eight patients received DAP-CPT with 113 matched SOC. Ninety-six percent of SOC received vancomycin, and 56% (63/113) escalated therapy at least once in the treatment course. Twenty-four patients received DAP-CPT within 72 hours of index culture; 2 (8.3%) died within 30 days vs 14.2% (16/113) with SOC (P &gt; .05). Subgroup analysis identified numerically lower mortality in DAP-CPT patients with a Charlson comorbidity index ≥3, endovascular source, and receipt of DAP-CPT within 72 hours of index culture. The median MRSAB duration was 9.3 vs 4.8 days for DAP-CPT and SOC, respectively. DAP-CPT was initiated on day 6 on average; after receipt of DAP-CPT, MRSAB duration was 3.3 days.ConclusionsDAP-CPT treatment is often delayed in MRSAB. Combination therapy may be more beneficial if initiated earlier, particularly in patients at higher risk for mortality. Blinded, randomized, prospective studies are needed to eliminate selection bias inherent in retrospective analyses when examining DAP-CPT vs SOC.
The sex-based disparity in BMI-for-age z-score trends among Xinjiang children and adolescents using four rounds of cross-sectional surveys from 1985 to 2014
Authors: Zhang Feng , Bi Cunjian , Yang Junmin , Zhang Xiaojun , Song Yi , Liu Yang , Cai Xiaodi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate trends in body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-scores among children and adolescents in Xinjiang.

Methods
Data were obtained for children and adolescents aged 7–18 years in Xinjiang from the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health (CNSSCH) in 1985 (n = 14 683), 1995 (n = 7198), 2005 (n = 10 253) and 2014 (n = 18 521).

Results
The BMI-for-age z-score distribution of children and adolescents in Xinjiang showed an increased mean BMI-for-age z-score, dispersion and right-skewed of BMI-values, with a rapid increase in BMI with increasing BMI percentiles. The sex-based disparity in BMI-for-age z-scores became wider in the past 30 years.

Conclusions
Sex-based targeted public health measures and policies are urgently needed in Xinjiang. The rapid increases in the upper percentiles also implicated further efforts to prevent weight gain in those living already with overweight or obesity.
Sleep–wake rhythm disruption is associated with cancer-related fatigue in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Steur Lindsay M H , Kaspers Gertjan J L , Van Someren Eus J W , Van Eijkelenburg Natasha K A , Van der Sluis Inge M , Dors Natasja , Van den Bos Cor , Tissing Wim J E , Grootenhuis Martha A , Van Litsenburg Raphaële R L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Study Objectives
To compare sleep–wake rhythms, melatonin, and cancer-related fatigue in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to healthy children and to assess the association between sleep–wake outcomes and cancer-related fatigue.

Methods
A national cohort of ALL patients (2–18 years) was included. Sleep–wake rhythms were measured using actigraphy and generated the following variables: Interdaily stability (IS): higher IS reflects higher stability; intradaily variability (IV): lower IV indicates less fragmentation; L5 and M10 counts: activity counts during the five least and 10 most active hours, respectively; and relative amplitude (RA): the ratio of L5 and M10 counts (higher RA reflects a more robust rhythm). The melatonin metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s), was assessed in urine. Cancer-related fatigue was assessed with the PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Using regression models sleep–wake rhythms, aMT6s, and cancer-related fatigue were compared to healthy children and associations between sleep–wake outcomes and cancer-related fatigue were assessed in ALL patients.

Results
In total, 126 patients participated (response rate: 67%). IS, RA, and M10 counts were lower in patients compared to healthy children (p &lt; 0.001). aMT6s levels were comparable to healthy children (p = 0.425). Patients with ALL were more fatigued compared to healthy children (p &lt; 0.001). Lower IS, RA and M10 counts and higher IV were significantly associated with more parent-reported cancer-related fatigue. Associations between sleep–wake rhythms and self-reported cancer-related fatigue were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Sleep–wake rhythm impairment is associated with more cancer-related fatigue in pediatric ALL patients. Interventions aimed to improve sleep hygiene and encourage physical activity may reduce cancer-related fatigue.
What lessons it might teach us? Community engagement in HIV research
Authors: Karris Maile Y. , Dubé Karine , Moore Alison A. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of review
Partnerships between academia and the community led to historic advances in HIV and paved the way for ongoing community engagement in research. Three decades later, we review the state of community engagement in HIV research, discuss best practices as supported by literature, explore innovations, and identify ongoing gaps in knowledge.

Recent findings
The community of people living with and at risk for HIV remains actively involved in the performance of HIV research. However, the extent of participation is highly variable despite long standing and established principles and guidelines of good participatory practices (GPP) and community-based participatory research (CBPR). Current literature reveals that known barriers to successful community engagement continue to exist such as power differences, and poor scientific or cultural competency literacy. Several high-quality studies share their experiences overcoming these barriers and demonstrate the potential of CBPR through reporting of qualitative and quantitative outcomes.

Summary
Greater time and attention should be placed on the development of community engagement in HIV research. A large body of literature, including innovative cross-cutting approaches, exists to guide and inform best practices and mitigate common barriers. However, we recognize that true growth and expansion of CBPR within HIV and in other fields will require a greater breadth of research reporting qualitative and quantitative outcomes.
Suture Lifting: A Review of the Literature and Our Experiences
Authors: McClean Megan E. , Boen Monica , Alhaddad Marwan , Hoss Elika , Kollipara Ramya , Butterwick Kimberly 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND
In the past 5 years, several absorbable sutures for use in minimally invasive suture lifts have appeared on the market. These newer sutures were preceded by several iterations of nonabsorbable counterparts, all of which were eventually removed from the market because of complications.

OBJECTIVE
This review will provide a history of suture lift experience, review the published evidence on the safety and efficacy of currently available absorbable suture lift materials, and detail the clinical experience of the authors using these products.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A review of relevant clinical terms was performed on PUBMED and MEDLINE databases. All articles were reviewed, and further studies examined from citations of selected articles. Articles that focused on suture lifting using extensive dissection were excluded.

RESULTS
Twelve studies detailed the results of absorbable suture lifting largely through patient satisfaction surveys or retrospective chart review of cases. No randomized controlled studies were available.

CONCLUSION
Data on suture lifting are limited, with largely descriptive and retrospective case reports available in the literature entailed Oxford Centre evidence-based medicine Levels 2a to 5. Based on the available data, suture lifting appears to be safe and well tolerated, with patient satisfaction similar to or above that reported for other noninvasive lifting and tightening procedures. However, due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, the authors give the suture lifting Strength of Recommendation Level C. Further controlled studies are necessary to determine efficacy, longevity, and safety of this technology.
Differential Analgesia From Vibratory Stimulation During Local Injection of Anesthetic: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kazi Rashek , Govas Panayiota , Slaugenhaupt Rachel M. , Carroll Bryan T. 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND
Inadequate pain reduction during anesthetic injection is a significant medical and surgical problem. Vibratory distraction reduces this pain; however, there are minimal data identifying those who respond best.

OBJECTIVE
To quantify analgesia from vibration before anesthetic injection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this partially blinded, single-institution trial, adult participants were randomized to intervention (vibratory anesthetic device, VAD ON) or placebo (VAD OFF). Pain was assessed using the 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS). Relative reduction in NRS between VAD OFF and ON was used to identify minimum clinically important and substantially clinically important difference in pain.

RESULTS
One hundred one tested sites from 87 subjects were assessed. Sixty-three percent were men with a median age of 66 years. From univariate analysis, males, subjects aged <60, and head and neck (HN) treated subjects had a significant reduction in NRS (p < .05). Multivariate analysis identified NRS reductions in females <60 (p = .012), males ≥70 (p = .002), females and males treated on HN (p = .048 and p = .035, respectively), and males ≥70 treated on HN (p = .012). Substantially clinically important difference (≥57% NRS reduction) included subjects <60, females <70, HN treatment aged 60 to 69, males ≥70, and females treated on HN.

CONCLUSION
Vibratory anesthetic device reduces pain during anesthetic injection, primarily for HN treatments and older male subjects.
Relationship between BRSK1 rs12611091 variant and age at natural menopause based on physical activity
Authors: Su Chun-Lang , Tsai Yi-Ling , Nfor Oswald Ndi , Liu Wen-Hsiu , Ho Chien Chang , Lung Chia-Chi , Lin Yi-Tien , Wang Lee , Liaw Yung-Po 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
The rs12611091 variant in the BR serine/threonine kinase 1 gene is one of the variants previously associated with age at natural menopause. So far, this variant has not been replicated in Taiwanese women. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between rs12611091 and age at natural menopause based on physical activity.

Methods:
A total of 1,758 women were eligible for analysis whose information about menopause was collected from the Taiwan Biobank. Multiple linear regression analysis was used for analysis.

Results:
The mean age (standard deviation) at natural menopause was 50.82 (3.59) years. Of the eligible participants, 56.94% were rs12611091 CC carriers, 36.69% were TC carriers, and 6.37% were TT carriers. Compared to CC carriers, TC and TT carriers were associated with early menopause (β = −0.42, P = 0.02 and −0.87, P = 0.01, respectively). There was a significant interaction between rs12611091 and physical activity (P for interaction = 0.02). Compared to rs12611091 CC carriers, TC and TT carriers who were physically inactive were significantly associated with earlier menopause (β = −0.88, P < 0.01 and −1.25, P = 0.02, respectively).

Conclusion:
We demonstrated that rs12611091 variant was associated with age at natural menopause especially among inactive women in Taiwan. That is, women with TC and TT genotypes who were physically inactive were significantly associated with earlier natural menopause compared to those with CC genotype.
Open Laparoscopic-assisted Repair of Abdominal Wall Hernia and Bulge
Authors: Nakamura Hideharu , Makiguchi Takaya , Atomura Daisuke , Yamatsu Yukie , Katoh Ryuji , Ogawa Hiroomi , Shirabe Ken , Yokoo Satoshi 
Published: December 2019

Summary:
Rectus abdominalis musculocutaneous (RAM) flaps have numerous uses in the treatment of large defects. However, flap harvesting can result in abdominal wall incisional hernia and bulge, which are challenging problems. Most of these problems occur below the arcuate line abdominal wall. However, there will be differences that are unique to each patient in the area of hernia or bulge. The open approach repair appears to be used most often, but the precise area of hernia and bulge is often not distinguished. This report describes a case that was treated using a new repair method, which had the clear advantage of allowing the precise area of abdominal wall weakness to be recognized. A 53-year-old man underwent left vertical RAM flap for reconstruction after tongue carcinoma resection. Six months after the operation, lower abdominal wall hernia and bulge were observed. Open laparoscopic-assisted repair was performed. Pneumoperitoneum led to distension of the abdominal cavity and outward stretching of the abdominal wall, so that the area of hernia and bulge protruded to a great degree. In this phase, by making the operating room slightly dark, the area became more clearly recognizable. When direct plication of the hernia and bulging area was required, the contralateral component separation technique was performed. This study describes an inventive repair procedure for abdominal wall hernia or bulge after RAM flap, with the combined advantages of open and laparoscopic repair.
What Is in a Number? Evaluating a Risk Assessment Tool in Immediate Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Frey Jordan D. , Salibian Ara A. , Bekisz Jonathan M. , Choi Mihye , Karp Nolan S. , Thanik Vishal D. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Ischemic complications after immediate breast reconstruction have devastating consequences; however, individual risk assessment remains challenging. We seek to develop an intraoperative assessment tool to assist in estimating risk of ischemic complications in immediate breast reconstruction.

Methods:
Patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction were prospectively identified and evaluated with an intraoperative mastectomy flap ischemia risk assessment tool consisting of 8 binary questions. Breast measurements and patient demographics were recorded. Reconstructions were then prospectively evaluated postoperatively for ischemic complications. Outcomes were analyzed with significance set at P values <0.05.

Results:
Thirty-one patients underwent 45 immediate breast reconstruction. The majority of reconstructions were tissue expander based (64.4%) following therapeutic (62.2%) skin-sparing (93.3%) mastectomies. Average follow-up was 11.16 months. Sixteen reconstructions (35.6%) experienced an ischemic complication. The average total mastectomy flap ischemic risk score was 4.29. The correlation value of higher scores with increasing ischemic complications was 0.65. Reconstructions with scores greater than 5 had significantly higher rates of ischemic complications (P = 0.0025). Reconstructions with a score of >6 and >7 also had significantly higher rates of ischemic complications (P < 0.0001, each). The sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative mastectomy flap compromise were 81.25% and 62.07%.

Conclusions:
Ischemic complications after immediate breast reconstruction were positively correlated with higher scores using a clinical intraoperative mastectomy flap ischemia risk assessment tool. Scores greater than 5 seem to be a threshold value at which ischemic complications are significantly greater. This simple, easy-to-implement intraoperative tool may assist plastic surgeons in assessing risk and optimizing outcomes in immediate breast reconstruction.
The growing role of epigenetics in childhood cancers
Authors: Panditharatna Eshini , Filbin Mariella G. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of review
Altered epigenetics is central to oncogenesis in many pediatric cancers. Aberrant epigenetic states are induced by mutations in histones or epigenetic regulatory genes, aberrant expression of genes regulating chromatin complexes, altered DNA methylation patterns, or dysregulated expression of noncoding RNAs. Developmental contexts of dysregulated epigenetic states are equally important for initiation and progression of many childhood cancers. As an improved understanding of disease-specific roles and molecular consequences of epigenetic alterations in oncogenesis is emerging, targeting these mechanisms of disease in childhood cancers is increasingly becoming important.

Recent findings
In addition to disease-causing epigenetic events, DNA methylation patterns and specific oncohistone mutations are being utilized for the diagnosis of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) and solid tumors. These discoveries have improved the classification of poorly differentiated tumors and laid the foundation for future improved clinical management. On the therapeutic side, the first therapies targeting epigenetic alterations have recently entered clinical trials. Current clinical trials include pharmacological inhibition of histone and DNA modifiers in aggressive types of pediatric cancer.

Summary
Targeting novel epigenetic vulnerabilities, either by themselves, or coupled with targeting altered transcriptional states, developmental cell states or immunomodulation will result in innovative approaches for treating deadly pediatric cancers.
Tibial tubercle avulsion fractures in children
Authors: Franz Pia , Luderowski Eva , Tuca María 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of review
To summarize and discuss the fundamentals of pediatric tibial tubercle avulsion fractures (TTAFs) including preferred imaging modalities, systems for fracture classification, frequently associated injuries, treatment options, outcomes, and common complications.

Recent findings
Although TTAFs amount to fewer than 1% of all physeal injuries in children, the incidence is increasing, likely because of greater participation in high-level athletics.

Summary
TTAFs tend to occur in adolescents nearing skeletal maturity who engage in sports with repetitive jumping. The most popular classification system was proposed by Ogden, which defines five fracture types based on the fracture pattern and extent of fragment displacement. Treatment can be nonsurgical or surgical, and indications depend on fracture type. Most fractures are surgical candidates and can be repaired with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or arthroscopy. Arthroscopic approaches can reveal associated soft tissue injuries, such as meniscal tears, and confirm articular reduction. The most common postoperative complication is irritation because of hardware. With proper treatment, both nonsurgical and surgical outcomes are excellent. TTAFs have high rates of union and patients typically return to sports.
Evaluation of Contamination Risk by the cobas e 602 Serology Module Before Viral Load Testing on the cobas 6800 System
Authors: Rodriguez Pedro L. , McCune Stephen , Sakai Leah , Engstrom-Melnyk Julia , Marins Ed 
Published: December 2019

Background
Diagnosis of HCV, HBV, and HIV involves antibody screening followed by confirmation and/or treatment decision using nucleic acid tests. However, minimal data exist evaluating the risk of nucleic acid cross-contamination on serology devices upstream of molecular testing despite the potential clinical and laboratory workflow advantages of single specimen vial testing for both procedures.

Methods
We conducted a checkerboard study investigating the potential risk of HCV, HBV, and HIV nucleic acid cross-contamination on 480 negative specimens by a serology screening instrument that uses disposable tips for sample transfer, rather than a fixed needle, before molecular testing.

Results
Nucleic acid contamination was observed in 0 of 480 negative specimens when processed with alternating high-titer HCV, HBV, or HIV specimens on the serology platform.

Conclusions
This study suggests that specimens analyzed by a serology instrument using disposable tips for sample transfer may be suitable for direct primary specimen reflex testing by a sensitive nucleic acid confirmatory test.
Media-Based Research on Selfie-Related Deaths in Italy
Authors: Gioia Sara , Mirtella Dora , Franceschetto Lisa , Lancia Massimo , Suadoni Fabio , Cingolani Mariano 
Published: December 2019

Background
The incidence of taking selfies and sharing them on social media as well as selfie-related dangerous behaviors is increasing, particularly among young people, also leading to selfie-related trauma and death. This study was performed to obtain epidemiological characteristics of selfie-related mortality in Italy.

Methods
Scientific literature and Italian media were reviewed.

Results
Twelve victims from 11 events, from 2014 to 2018, were analyzed (sex, age, accident types, the nationality, the Italian region where the incident took place, if the person involved was indigenous or a tourist, the dynamics and the causa mortis, if other people have been involved in the selfie, and if other people were deceased). The majority of selfie victims were male teenagers, the average age was 23.6 years, the most preferred site of taking selfies was the natural environment followed by the railway one, the most frequently reported event or accident type was falling from a height, and the most frequent causes of selfie-related deaths were multitrauma and drowning.

Conclusions
Selfie-related deaths in Italy appear to be an issue and appear to be increasing. Particularly, male teenagers and young adults are at high risk for selfie-related deaths. Measures should be taken to reduce their incidence.