bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of exercise for home blood pressure control in people with diabetes: A study protocol for a crossover randomized controlled trial
Authors: Iwai Keiko , Ushigome Emi , Yokota Isao , Majima Saori , Nakanishi Naoko , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Okada Hiroshi , Senmaru Takafumi , Hamaguchi Masahide , Asano Mai , Yamazaki Masahiro , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The coexistence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of macrovascular complications in patients with diabetes. Blood pressure at home is important because it is more strongly associated with target organ damage and total mortality than clinic blood pressure measurements. Regular moderate aerobic exercise has antihypertensive effects. This study aims to examine the effect of aerobic exercise therapy on blood pressure at home in patients with diabetes. Methods: In this crossover randomized controlled trial, 110 patients with type 2 diabetes will be randomly assigned to two groups: an exercise preceding group and an exercise lagging group. During the exercise period, patients will be instructed to walk either 30 minutes twice each day or 60 minutes once each day for at least three days per week. During the non-exercise period, patients will be permitted to perform physical activity associated with activities of daily life. Patients will be followed up for 56 days. The primary outcome will be the mean nocturnal blood pressure from day 24 to 28 during the exercise period compared to that during the non-exercise period. The secondary outcome will include variation in nocturnal blood pressure, mean blood pressure values and variation of morning and evening blood pressure from day 24 to 28 in the exercise period compared to the non-exercise period, body weight, body mass index and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Biochemical tests such as hemoglobin A1c level, blood glucose level, serum lipid profile, renal function, uric acid levels, liver function tests and urinary albumin excretion level will also be measured.Discussion: This randomized controlled trial will provide critical information regarding the effectiveness of moderate exercise on nocturnal blood pressure reduction. If successful, the results of this randomized controlled trial may increase exercise motivation in people with diabetes and may lead to improvement or prevention of target organ damage and overall mortality.Trial registration: Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network, UMIN 000035973. Protocol version number: R000040969. Registration date: February 22, 2019. Recruitment began: June 19, 2019. The estimated date of completion of recruitment: March 31, 2021. URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp
Intervention fidelity and its determinants of focused antenatal care package implementation, in South Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia.
Authors: Tessema Asressie Molla , Gebeyehu Abebaw , Mekonnen Solomon , Alemu Kassahun , Tigabu Zemene 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies show home and community-based implementation of intervention packages have significantly reduced neonatal mortality particularly in resource constrained settings. However, due to evidence-practice gap, thousands of neonates are still losing their lives every day mostly from preventable causes. This study aimed to assess focused antenatal care package intervention fidelity and its determinant factors in South Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed and a total of 898 mothers who gave birth in the last six months prior to data collection were included. Also sixteen health extension workers who were working in the health posts (n=10) selected for facility audits were included. Interview and self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from mothers and health extension workers, respectively. Facility audits were used to assess the availability and functionality of required drugs and supplies for the health posts. Mothers were asked whether or not the required level of care were provided to them. Health extension workers were provided self-administered questionnaires to assess socio-demographic characteristics, reception of trainings, facilitation strategies and ability to classify danger signs. A multilevel linear regression analysis was performed to identify the individual and organizational levels factors influencing focused antenatal care package intervention fidelity. Results: The overall weighted average focused antenatal care package intervention fidelity was 49.78% (95% CI: 47.73 – 51.83). Of these, 62.02% (95% CI: 59.71 – 64.32) was provided by health extension workers and 56.57% (95% CI: 53.94 – 59.19) by skilled providers (nurses, midwifes, health officers or medical doctors). The overall antenatal care coverage was 83.7% (95% CI: 81.28 – 86.12); 34.97% (95% CI: of 31.56 – 38.39) of them received at least four antenatal visits and 6.12% (95% CI: 4.40-7.83) received all the recommended components of focused antenatal care. Previous pregnancy-related medical problems, paternal education, and implementation of supportive/facilitation strategy were found to be significant facilitators of focused antenatal care package intervention fidelity.Conclusion: Focused antenatal care package intervention fidelity in the study area was low, which may contribute to the stagnation of neonatal mortality reduction. Improving the implementation of facilitation strategies is highly required to produce a positive result in neonatal mortality reduction.
Comparison of three treatment methods for simple bone cyst in children
Authors: Zhang Ke Xue , Chai Wei , Zhao Jia Jia , Deng Jun Hao , Peng Zhan , Chen Ji Ying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the efficacy of the elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN), the injection of autologous bone marrow (ABM) and the combination of ESIN and ABM in the treatment of children simple bone cyst.
Methods
83 children with simple bone cyst were analyzed retrospectively. 28 cases were treated with ABM. 28 cases were treated with ESIN. 27 cases were treated with ABM combined with ESIN. All cases were diagnosed through X-ray plains, CT or MRI scans. For the suspicious ones, pathological biopsy was performed for an accurate diagnosis. X-ray examination were carried out for the postoperative follow-up. Capanna criteria for bone cyst was used for the postoperative evaluation of the three methods.
Results
All the cases accomplished the follow-up. The effective rate of ABM + ESIN group was significantly higher than that of the ABM group (P < 0.05), and the cure rates of ESIN group and ABM + ESIN group were higher than that of ABM group (P < 0.05, respectively). The cure time in ESIN group was lower than that of the other two groups (P < 0.05, respectively). The times for admission were 2.0 ± 0.0 in ESIN group, 5.7 ± 1.9 in ABM group and 4.7 ± 2.4 in ABM + ESIN group (P < 0.05 when compared with each other).
Conclusion
The method of ABM combined with ESIN for children bone cyst has the highest effective and curative rate.For individual method, ESIN has a higher effective rate and curative rate than that of ABM with the lowest time of admission.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) towards pandemic COVID-19 among Syrians
Authors: Ahdab Sanaa Al 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEffective COVID-19 pandemic management requires adequate understanding of factors that influence behavioral changes. This study aims to assess knowledge attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 among the Syrian population in post-conflict context.MethodThis study is based on a cross sectional, web-based survey, conducted among Syrian of 16 years and above. It contains questions on knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of the Syrians with respect to COVID-19. Participants’ demographic characteristics are recorded and analyzed. The study is conducted during the global outbreak of COVID-19.ResultsAmong the 706 participants, more than 85% respondents are aware of the main symptoms of COVID-19 infection and 56.2% know that the virus can be transmitted from ill to healthy persons even without fever symptoms. The overall achieved knowledge score towards the disease is about 60% while attitudes and practices score higher at 63.5% and 73.75%, respectively. The results from multiple linear regression indicate lower knowledge scores are significantly associated with lower education level (P<0.05), whereas poor preventive practices are common among male, young and unemployed participants with significance levels of P<0.01, P=.000, P<0.01, respectively.ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that Syrians demonstrate modest knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 at the time of its global outbreak. Efforts should be directed towards educating Syrians to improve their practices in the current COVID-19 pandemic, as well as for future epidemics.
Hydroxychloroquine for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis of COVID-19 among naval personnel: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Niriella Madunil Anuk , Ediriweera Dileepa Senajith , De Silva Arjuna Priyadarshin , Premarathna Ranjan , Balasooriya Priyantha , Duminda K D , Malavige Neelika Gathsaurie , Wanigasuriya Kamani , Lekamwasam Sarath , Kularathne S A , Siribaddana Sisira , de Silva Hithanadura Janaka , Jayasinghe Saroj 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The first case of a corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) infection among Sri Lankan was reported on 11th March, 2020. The situation in Sri Lanka changed with the rapid increase of personnel contracting COVID-19 in a Naval base camp that housed more than 4000 people. This provided a unique opportunity to study the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), while taking stringent, non-pharmacologic, public health measures to prevent spread. Our aim is to answer the question “is HCQ effective and safe for PEP among naval personnel with exposure to COVID-19 positive patients?”Methods/design: This is a placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial carried out in quarantine centers of the Sri Lanka Navy, Ministry of Defense, Sri Lanka. Navy personnel who are exposed to a patient with confirmed COVID-19 infection but test negative for the virus on reverse, real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) at recruitment will be randomized, 200 to each arm, to receive HCQ or placebo, and monitored for the development of symptoms or rRT-PCR positivity for severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus for 14 days. Discussion: This trial will provide high-quality evidence of the efficacy of HCQ as PEP for COVID-19. The study design is unique due to the circumstances of the outbreak in a confined area among otherwise healthy adults, at a relatively early stage of its spread. Trial registration:This trial was registered in the Sri Lanka Clinical Trails Registry (SLCTR) – SLCTR/2020/011 on 04.05.2020 (https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2020-011)
‘Recoupling’ the attentional and motor control of preparatory postural adjustments to overcome Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s
Authors: Maslivec Amy , Fielding Anna , Wilson Mark , Norris Meriel , Young William 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives

This study examined if people with Parkinson’s and freezing of gait pathology (FoG) could be trained to increase preparatory weight-shift amplitude, and facilitate step initiation during FoG.

Methods

Thirty-five people with Parkinson’s and FoG attempted to initiate forward stepping either during a FoG event (n=17, FoG-F) or following a voluntary stop (n=18, FoG-NF) in a Baseline condition and two conditions where an increased weight-shift amplitude was trained via: i) Explicit verbal instruction, and ii) Implicit movement analogies.

Results

At Baseline , weight-shift amplitudes were smaller during: i) unsuccessful, compared to successful step initiations (FoG-F group), and ii) successful step initiations in the FoG-F group compared to FoG-NF. Both Verbal and Analogy training resulted in significant increases in weight-shift amplitude in both groups, and a corresponding pronounced reduction in unsuccessful attempts to initiate stepping (FoG-F group).

Conclusions

Hypometric preparatory weight-shifting is associated with failure to initiate forward stepping in people with Parkinson’s and FoG. However, impaired weight-shift characteristics are modifiable through conscious strategies. This current study provides a novel and critical evaluation of preparatory weight-shift amplitudes during FoG events. The intervention described represents an attractive ‘rescue’ strategy and should be further scrutinised regarding limitations posed by physical and cognitive deficits.
A comparative study of multimodal MR in the differential diagnosis of AIDS-related central nervous system lymphoma and infection
Authors: Li Jingjing , Xue Ming , Yan Shuo , Guan Chunshuang , Xie Ruming , Chen Budong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the ability of multimodal magnetic resonance(MR) to differentiate acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related(AIDS-related) central nervous system lymphoma (ARL-CNS) from infection.Methods: Clinical data and multiple MR imaging were analyzed retrospectively. Nine cases of ARL-CNS and ten cases with central nervous system infection were included.Results: In conventional MR, there was a statistical significance in whether the lesion involved the paraventricular/corpus callosum. The Fisher values were 0.020 and 0.033 for the lymphoma and infection groups, respectively. In multimodal MR, there were significant differences in the ADC(apparent diffusion coeffecient) values(high/low) and SWI-ITSS grades between two groups, with pvalues of 0.003, 0.001 and 0.001. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of conventional MR in the diagnosis of ARL-CNS were 88.9%, 70.0% and 78.9%, respectively. The conventional sequence combined with the DWI/ADC sequence in the diagnosis of ARL-CNS had a sensitivity of 100.0%, a specificity of 60.0% and an accuracy of 78.9%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the conventional sequence combined with the SWI-ITSS sequence in the diagnosis of ARL-CNS were 100%, 70.0% and 84.2%, respectively.Conclusion: Multimodal MR is of great value in distinguishing ARL-CNS from infection.
Associations of Socioeconomic Factors with Cause-specific Mortality and Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases: Findings from the Vital Registration in Urban Shanghai, China, during 1974-2015
Authors: Zhang Lijuan , Li Qi , Han Xue , Wang Shuo , Li Peng , Ding Yibo , Zhang Tao , Zhao Jia , Chen Yifan , Liu Jiluo , Li Jue , Tan Xiaojie , Liu Wenbin , Zhang Rong , Cao Guangwen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The effect of socioeconomic factors on cause-specific mortality and burden of CVD is rarely evaluated in low- and middle-income countries, especially in a rapidly changing society.Methods: Original data were derived from the vital registration system in Yangpu, a representative, population-stable district of urban Shanghai, China, during 1974-2015. Temporal trends for the mortality rates and burden of CVD during 1974-2015 were evaluated using Joinpoint Regression Software. The burden was evaluated using age-standardized person years of life loss per 100,000 persons (SPYLLs). Age-sex-specific CVD mortality rates were predicted by using age-period-cohort Poisson regression model.Results: A total of 101,822 CVD death occurred during 1974-2015, accounting for 36.95% of total deaths. Hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic heart disease, and ischemic stroke were the 3 leading causes of CVD death. The age-standardized CVD mortality decreased from 144.5/100,000 to 100.7/100,000 in the residents (average annual percentage change [AAPC] -1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.7 to -0.2), which was mainly contributed by women (AAPC -1.3, 95% CI -2.0 to -0.7), not by men. Hemorrhagic stroke, the major CVD death in the mid-aged population, decreased dramatically after 1991. The crude mortality of ischemic heart disease kept increasing but its age-adjusted mortality decreased continually after 1997. SPYLLs of CVD death increased from 1974 to 1986 (AAPC 2.1, 95% CI 0.4 to 3.8) and decreased after 1986 (AAPC 1.8, 95% CI -2.3 to -1.3). These changes were in concert with the implementation of policies including extended medical insurance coverage, pollution control, active prophylaxis of CVD including lifestyle promotion, and national health programs. The mortality of CVD increased in those born during 1937-1945, a period of the Japanese military occupation, and during 1958-1965, a period including the Chinese Famine. Sequelae of CVD and ischemic heart disease are predicted to be the leading causes of CVD death in 2029.Conclusions: Exposure to serious malnutrition in early life might increase CVD mortality in later life. Improvements in medical services, pollution control, and lifestyle could decrease CVD death. New strategy is needed to prevent the aging-related CVD death and burden in the future.
Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Threshold Value Optimization and Analysis
Authors: KOÇKAYA Kenan , DEVELİ İbrahim 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cognitive radio is a technology developed for the effective use of radio spectrum sources. The spectrum sensing function plays a key role in the performance of cognitive radio networks. In this study, we propose an online learning algorithm for the energy detection scheme, which aims to maximizing spectrum detection performance. Optimal threshold value, which is critical for the determination of the absence or the presence of a licensed user, was mathematically expressed in accordance with the balance between probability of detection and probability of false alarm. Performance of the proposed algorithm was tested on non-fading and different fading channels for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime with noise uncertainty. In conclusion of the simulation studies, improvement in spectrum detection performance according to optimal threshold value selection was observed.
The Individualized Selection of Pancreaticoenteric Anastomosis in Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Jin Ke-Min , Liu Wei , Wang Kun , Bao Quan , Wang Hong-Wei , Xing Bao-Cai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The mortality following pancreaticoduodenectomy has markedly decreased but remains an important challenge for the complexity of operation and technical skills involved. The present study aimed to clarify the impact of individualized pancreaticoenteric anastomosis and management to postoperative pancreatic fistula.Methods: Data from 529 consecutive pancreaticoduodenectomies were retrospectively analysed from the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit I, Peking Cancer Hospital. The pancreaticoenteric anastomosis was determined based on the pancreatic texture and diameter of the main pancreatic duct. The amylase value of the drainage fluid was dynamically monitored postoperatively on days 3, 5 and 7. A low speed intermittent irrigation was performed in selected patients. Intraoperative and postoperative results were collected and compared between the pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) group and pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) group.Results: From 2010 to 2019, 529 consecutive patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Pancreaticogastrostomy was performed in 364 patients; pancreaticojejunostomy was performed in 150 patients respectively. The clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) was 9.8% and mortality was zero. The soft pancreas, diameter of main pancreatic duct≤3mm, BMI≥25, operation time>330min and pancreaticogastrostomy was correlated with postoperative pancreatic fistula significantly. The CR-POPF of PJ was significantly higher than that of PG in soft pancreas patients; the operation time of PJ was shorter than that of PG significantly in hard pancreas patients. Intraoperative blood loss and operation time of PG was less than that of PJ significantly in normal pancreatic duct patients (p<0.05).Conclusions: Individualized pancreaticoenteric anastomosis should be determined based on the pancreatic texture and pancreatic duct diameter. The appropriate anastomosis and postoperative management could prevent mortality.
LncRNA FAM83H-AS1 Promotes Aerobic Glycolysis and Tumor Progression by Regulating miR-4684-5p/ZBTB38 Axis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Qian Cuijuan , Xu Zhurong , Chen Luyan , Wang Yichao , Yao Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression; However, the precise function of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 in ESCC remains unknown. Methods: FAM83H-AS1, miR-4684-5p and ZBTB38 mRNA expressions were detected via qRT-PCR. ZBTB38, GLUT1 and LDH-A protein expressions were tested via Western blot. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated via CCK-8 and transwell assay, respectively. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to investigate the role of FAM83H-AS1 in xenograft ESCC growth. The metabolic shift in ESCC cells was examined via glycolysis analysis. The interaction between FAM83H-AS1, miR-4684-5p and ZBTB38 was analyzed via computational algorithms, RNA pull-down, RIP and dual luciferase reporter assay. Results: We found that FAM83H-AS1 was upmodulated in ESCC cell lines. FAM83H-AS1 knockdown hampered ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and aerobic glycolysis, while FAM83H-AS1 overexpression demonstrated the opposite effects. FAM83H-AS1 knockdown also delayed the tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, FAM83H-AS1 interacted with miR-4684-5p/ZBTB38 axis in ESCC cells. ZBTB38 overexpression or miR-4684-5p inhibition partially reversed the inhibitory effect of FAM83H-AS1 knockdown on cell migration, invasion and aerobic glycolysis in ESCC cells. Conclusion: Our present results indicate FAM83H-AS1 accelerated aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis of ESCC by sponging miR-4684-5p and triggering the expression of ZBTB38, providing new insights into mechanism of ESCC progression and therapeutic strategy.