bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outline of the development of research on the impact of Neolithic settlements on the transformation on loess landscapes in southern Poland
Authors: Ryzner Kamila , Owczarek Piotr 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
During the last few decades, many case studies have focused on landscape transformations in response to water erosion, human impact, and climate changes. This article presents a review and comparison of the current state of knowledge on conducted research on the impact of the activities of early humans on the relief and forms of loess areas in Poland based on the results of a variety of dating methods (OSL, TL, C14, 137Cs, palynology, dendrochronology etc.). The influence of land-use activity since the first permanent settlements (8,000–5,200 BP) played a major role in the development of certain sand sediment terrain forms: gullies, river terraces, the filling of isolated depressions and alluvial fans in the loess areas. As a result, a simplified scheme of landscape evolution was created along with a map of the most investigated areas by authors. The main problem was to differentiate the influence of anthropogenic factors from natural ones occurring either simultaneously or alternatively. The developed deposits form a geo-archive which has recorded the history of environmental changes. A detailed analysis of the sedimentary structures provides the possibility to reconstruct and understand past functional responses in natural systems. It is important to consider the impact of climate change and human influence over the course of history on a specific geomorphological system. This can help to predict future land changes and likely hazards.
The Dynamic Linkage between Money Market, Capital Market and Economic Growth in Ghana: New Lessons Relearned
Authors: Ogbuji Isaac A. , Mesagan Ekundayo P. , Alimi Yasiru O. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study is a comparative analysis of the effects of money and capital markets on the Ghanaian economy covering the period from 1991 to 2017 using the dynamic Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) framework. Empirical results confirmed the existence of a unique and stable long-run relationship between the money market, capital market and economic growth. In respect of money market indicators, findings confirmed that monetary policy and treasury bills rate have had negative but significant impact on growth in the short- and long-run respectively. More so, total liquidity negatively and significantly influenced the Ghana-ian economy both in the short- and in the long run. Both market capitalisation and total value of stock traded, as proxies of capital market, had positive and significant effects on short-run growth, while both indicators as well as stock market turnover negatively and insignificantly affected long-run growth. This means that capital market exerts a short-run impact on the country’s economy, while money market exerts both short- and long-run impacts. The lesson relearned is that the money market propels the Ghanaian economy better than the capital market.
Syntheticising Scandinavia: The Introduction of Synthetic Pesticides to Scandinavian Gardens, 1945-1952
Authors: Nielsen May-Brith Ohman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study examines the introduction of prescriptive pesticide technologies into Scandinavian family gardens. It analyses pesticide propaganda and plant protection experts’ advice and instructions on the use of pesticides directed at amateur, home gardeners in Norway, Sweden and Denmark in the years between 1945 and 1952, the period when the new generation of synthetic pesticides was introduced in Scandinavia, and eagerly advocated by the leading experts of plant protection science. The sources investigated are gardening magazines and their special issues on garden instruction and the use of chemicals through the seasons, edited, published and distributed to a wide readership by national gardening associations. The study shows how the gardening associations in Scandinavia and their popular gardening magazines were major pushers of extensive pesticide spraying practices, with supporting epistemic logic, onto the numerous family gardeners of Scandinavia. Through these gardening associations both the state plant protection authorities and their scientific expertise and also the pesticide companies reached wide groups of citizens, across diverse professions, occupations and ways of life. This served to normalise the use of powerful poisons in small gardens and small-scale food production.
Radiation Disinfestation of Honeybee Combs Infested with Greater Wax Moth Eggs
Authors: Mansour Mohammed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The sensitivity of different developmental stages of greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) eggs to gamma irradiation was examined. Eggs, 25 to 144 h-old, were exposed at 48 h intervals to gamma radiation dosages (50 to 400 Gy), and the effects on egg hatch, pupation and adult emergence were investigated. The developmental rate of irradiated-egg larvae and pupae to adult stage was also studied. Results showed that the irradiation sensitivity of G. mellonella eggs decreased with increased age of the eggs when irradiated. In 25–48 h-old eggs, 50 Gy dose significantly reduced egg hatch and at 200 Gy dose no egg hatch was observed. Eggs 73–96 h-old were slightly more tolerant to irradiation treatment; hatching completely ceased at 250 Gy dose. Sensitivity to gamma irradiation reached its lowest level however when 121–144 h-old eggs (few h. before egg hatch) were irradiated. 350 Gy dose reduced egg hatch to about 3%, and at 400 Gy no egg hatch was noted. Survival to the adult stage was also negatively affected. At the most radio-tolerant stage (121–144 h-old), 100 Gy dose significantly reduced larval survival to the adult stage and 300 Gy completely prevented it. The development rate of larvae and pupae resulting from irradiated eggs was also negatively affected.
Evidence-based Nomenclature and Taxonomy of Research Impact Indicators
Authors: Arsalan Mudassar , Mubin Omar , Al Mahmud Abdullah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to classify research impact indicators based on their characteristics and scope. A concept of evidence-based nomenclature of research impact (RI) indicator has been introduced for generalization and transformation of scope.

Design/methodology/approch
Literature was collected related to the research impact assessment. It was categorized in conceptual and applied case studies. One hundred and nineteen indicators were selected to prepare classification and nomenclature. The nomenclature was developed based on the principle—“every indicator is a contextual-function to explain the impact”. Every indicator was disintegrated into three parts, i.e. Function, Domain, and Target Areas.

Findings
The main functions of research impact indicators express improvement (63%), recognition (23%), and creation/development (14%). The focus of research impact indicators in literature is more towards the academic domain (59%) whereas the environment/sustainability domain is least considered (4%). As a result, research impact related to the research aspects is felt the most (29%). Other target areas include system and services, methods and procedures, networking, planning, policy development, economic aspects and commercialisation, etc.

Research limitations
This research applied to 119 research impact indicators. However, the inclusion of additional indicators may change the result.

Practical implications
The plausible effect of nomenclature is a better organization of indicators with appropriate tags of functions, domains, and target areas. This approach also provides a framework of indicator generalization and transformation. Therefore, similar indicators can be applied in other fields and target areas with modifications.

Originality/value
The development of nomenclature for research impact indicators is a novel approach in scientometrics. It is developed on the same line as presented in other scientific disciplines, where fundamental objects need to classify on common standards such as biology and chemistry.
The DPOBE Model for Organizational Sustainability: An Exploratory Study about its Structure, Pillars and Components among a Group of Master Degree Students
Authors: Areia Aníbal , Esteves Francisco , Santos João Rocha , Anunciação Pedro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Research purpose. To get a validation of the structure, pillars and components that seem to be central, and under which, business management and managers need to develop abilities and competences to ensure the sustainability of their organizations according to the ‘DPOBE Model for Organizational Sustainability’ structure.

Design/Methodology/Approach. For the validation of the structure, pillars and components and it’s practical application to measure the organization’s sustainability level with the referred model, despite the focus group exercise made in an early stage, it’s also important to get a solid opinion about it among managers and also in academia, specifically among teachers and investigators on management, business administration and economics as well near master and doctorate students in this field. In this paper, we analyse the results obtained in an exploratory study, based on a survey made among students from four different master’s degree in several specific areas of business management from the School of Business Administration from the Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal (Portugal).

Findings. Main results obtained with this exploratory study let the authors be granted with the developments made so far in the model and its structure, pillars and components. However, only with a major collection of opinions (answer to the survey) from the referred groups, it’s possible to define and adjust the final structure and components of the DPOBE Model.

Originality/Value/Practical implications. Being an investigation with several years of development, with several articles, chapters of books, master’s degree thesis, congress presentations and papers made so far, only with a solid and validated structure, pillars and components of the DPOBE Model for Organizational Sustainability, it’s possible to go to its aim, the use of it as a quantitative tool to measure the effective organizations sustainability in a way different from other existing sustainability tools and indexes.
Combined analysis of onco-epidemiological studies of the relationship between lung cancer and indoor radon exposure
Authors: Yarmoshenko Ilia V. , Malinovsky Georgy P. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives: Recent results of epidemiological and medical statistics studies of lung cancer and indoor radon in different regions of the world make a relevant new combined analysis of residential exposure health effects. In particular, new data were obtained by means of a meta-analysis of case-control studies as well as taking into account a confounding effect of human papillomavirus infection in studies of geographically aggregated data.

Materials and methods: Two sources of epidemiological data are considered: (1) studies of ecological design and (2) case-control studies. Ecological studies included the analysis performed for the USA counties and Russian oblasts with adjusting for the main confounders. Data on the case-control studies were gained from the meta-analysis of 31 individual studies with a weighting of obtained odds ratios according to the quality of radon exposure reconstruction and size of the reference group. Estimations of lung cancer excess relative risk (ERR) associated with indoor radon exposure are combined.

Results: Two types of epidemiological study design provided generally consistent EER estimations. The combined value of ERR due to radon exposure is 0.14 (90% CI: 0.10–0.18) per 100 Bq/m3.

Conclusion: Available geographically aggregated data in regions of Russia and the United States and the meta-analysis of case-control studies conducted in a large number of countries confirm the association of lung cancer with indoor radon exposure.
Low cost blood vein detection system based on near-infrared LEDs and image-processing techniques
Authors: Alwazzan Mohammed J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Drawing blood and injecting drugs are common medical procedures, for which accurate identification of veins is needed to avoid causing unnecessary pain. In this paper, we propose a low-cost system for the detection of veins. The system emits near-infrared radiation from four light-emitting diodes (LEDs), with a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera located in the middle of the LEDs. The camera captures an image of the palm of the hand. A series of digital image-processing techniques, ranging from image enhancement and increased contrast to isolation using a threshold limit based on statistical properties, are applied to effectively isolate the veins from the rest of the image.
Process of Incorporation and Morphological Transformations of Rural Settlement Patterns in the Context of Urban Development. The Case Study of Łódź
Authors: Figlus Tomasz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe subject of the research covers the problem of morphological changes in former villages incorporated into the city on the example of Łódź. The first objective of the article is to analyse the urban development of the city, taking into account the territorial changes and incorporation of villages. The second objective includes the analysis of morphological changes in former villages that have taken place after their incorporation into the city since the mid-twentieth century. The study required analysis of source materials in the form of preserved historical maps and today's plans, legal acts, planning documents and chosen statistical data. The analysis of changes in the spatial structure of villages incorporated into the city was possible mainly thanks to the retrogressive, as well as progressive method. The article also uses the method of morphological analysis of the city plan based on the Conzenian tradition of urban morphology. The study applies the typology of rural settlement patterns, taking into account the issue of morphological changes and relics of morphological features from the period before the incorporation into the city. It is characteristic that the transformation process of rural settlement patterns took place in different ways and with various intensity depending mostly on the scale of urbanisation processes. It was possible to distinguish the orthomorphic transformations, where all spatial modifications were mainly additions and did not destroy the morphogenetic core, so the former layouts have been preserved almost completely, semi-metamorphic transformations, where spatial reorganisation was considerable, but not total, and clear relics of the historical rural settlement pattern have been saved, and metamorphic transformations, in which almost all elements of the former morphological structure have been completely erased and the former layouts have been totally changed.
Production and Investigation of New Cast Aluminium Alloy with Lithium Addition
Authors: Zeka Bastri , Markoli Boštjan , Mrvar Primož , Leskovar Blaž , Petrič Mitja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Lithium additions to Al offer the promise of substantially reducing the weight of alloys, since each 1 wt. % Li added to Al reduces density by 3 % and increases elastic modulus. In the present work, the effect of 1.46 wt. % Li addition to AlSi7Mg (containing 7.05 wt. % Si and 0.35 wt. % Mg) was studied. The alloy showed reduced density and higher hardness after natural ageing. Experimental work showed that micro-structural and mechanical properties changed with Li addition. It was observed that 0.80 wt. % Li addition resulted in formation of new phase AlLiSi which has a great effect to increase hardness of AlSi7Mg. According to Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis it was confirmed that the addition of Li causes formation of different phases which are: α-Al, β-Si and AlLiSi.
The Challenges of Smart Tourism: A Case of Bucharest
Authors: Sabou Gabriel-Cristian , Maiorescu Irina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The advancement of technology makes smart devices and their applications ever more popular and complex. Tourism is an area where varied and numerous services are required, hence this diversity resulted in a multitude of smart applications and smart systems designed to enhance tourist‘s satisfaction. The present paper investigates the concept of Smart Tourism in the scientific literature and how it can be applied for mobile applications, with particular focus on the most popular Smart Tourism apps for Bucharest. Following the analysis of these apps according to the theoretical framework applied, recommendations for improvement of Bucharest Smart Tourism mobile applications are provided.
European Regional Airport: Factors Influencing Efficency
Authors: Nõmmik Allan , Antov Dago 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring the recent decade a lot of research has been focused on identification of the importance of regional airport for the local economy and the measuring and predicting of the airport’s efficiency. With regard to individual airport planning it turns out that airports are not free in the optimization of infrastructure due the need to comply international aviation standards and recommended practices, one the one hand, and the tendency of air transportation system development including aircraft design and airlines’ fleet development, on the other. Furthermore, it is also important to take into account the specificity of each particular airport, including the traffic variability resulting from seasonality, with the airport’s mission geared to it. We found, tha t one of the reasons for the relatively low efficiency of regional airports, given the general trend in the growth in the number of seats for narrow-body aircraft. Likewise, it has been found, that the seasonality of air traffic at regional airports is comparatively high. In addition, this paper spotlights the ways the theoretical model of returns to scale affects the efficiency of the apron of the regional airport and briefly discusses the different interpretations of the definition of regional airport.
How To Deal With Unjust Laws: Justifiability Of Civil Disobedience
Authors: Alakbarova Fatma 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The issue of active protests against the injustice of the law aimed at bringing about a change in that conduct is of great relevance for members of the world society. There is no escape from admitting the fact that even the most perfect political system may and will from time to time produce unjust laws. What is as yet unclear is the principles of justification in favour of a civil disobedient who commits an open breach of that laws. The present article defines the features that make an act of civil disobedience something more than a simple breach of a law. The purpose of this article is to justify civil disobedience as a unique political category, which makes social choice and legal change possible.
ADVANCING STUDENT MOTIVATION AND COURSE INTEREST THROUGH A UTILITY VALUE INTERVENTION IN AN ENGINEERING DESIGN CONTEXT
Authors: Turoski Staci A. , Schell William J. 
Published: July 2020

Understanding and improving student motivation is critical for educators because motivation is essential for academic success. Student motivation is multifaceted and complex with interest as one of many factors related to motivation and motived behavior. Student interest in course material can be supported by helping them understand the value and relevance of the material to their life. Within an expectancy-value framework, one aspect for understanding students perceived task value is to assess their perception of the utility value, or their view of the usefulness, of the task to their present or future goals. One way to encourage value is to have students write about the relevance of the course material to their life through structed utility value interventions. This study will compare the performance, interest, and motivation between students who participated in structured utility value interventions and those in a control group who did not during a third year multidisciplinary engineering design course. Initial indications are that students’ interest and motivation increase when given the utility value intervention.
Non-uniform corrosion of steel rebar and its influence on reinforced concrete elements` reliability
Authors: Blikharskyy Yaroslav , Kopiika Nadiia , Selejdak Jacek 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Remarkable place of reinforced concrete structures in construction field has been noted in wide number of recent researches. Subsequently, their degradation due to aggressive environment has become the topical problem nowadays. Therefore, the formulation of reliable technique for corroded element strength decrement is of great importance, and could be achieved only with the use of complex experimental and theoretical analysis. In this article an attempt is made to propose the mathematical approach to corrosive process modelling, taking into consideration the specifics of its development. According to thorough literature review on existing studies, main specifics of the process were indicated for further suppositions and assumptions formulation. Accordingly, the complex theoretical investigation with corresponding mathematical computations was conducted and results of analytical modelling were discussed. As the initial data for analytical modelling results of previously conducted experiments were used. Analysis of the obtained results shows rather high correspondence with the real conditions of structural element exploitation, taking into consideration material anisotropy and complexity of the corroded zone spread along the rebar cross-section. Proposed methodology for limit force decrease evaluation in general demonstrates reliable results and could be used for further evaluation of corrosion impacts on reinforced concrete elements bearing capacity.
Ekspresi Keberagamaan Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0 Desrupsi Ide, Pilihan Sikap, dan Kontestasi Ideologi Keberagamaan di Indonesia
Authors: Sulanam Sulanam 
Published: July 2020

Tulisan ini akan mengeksplorasi empat hal penting yang berhubungan dengan ekspresi keberagamaan di Indonesia, khususnya di era – yang sebagian kalangan menyebutnya – revolusi industri 4.0 (the fourth industrial). Sebuah era, yang salah satu fiturnya ialah, masyarakat terkoneksi secara digital dan sangat bergantung pada akses internet. Empat hal tersebut adalah: pertama, dinamika ekspresi keberagamaan pasca reformasi, sebagai penanda perubahan sikap sosial secara fundamental; dari terkanalisasi ke demokrasi tanpa batas. Kedua, desrupsi ide keberagamaan. Ketiga, cara baru pilihan sikap keberagamaan. Terakhir, dampak dekonstelasi politik keberagamaan dan percaturan ideologis di Indonesia. Secara metodik, pendekatan tulisan ini akan menggunakan paradigma antropologis; agar bisa melihat fenomena sikap yang tampak dan mengejawantah di era kontemporer, serta fenomenologisme sebagai perangkat baca untuk menilai postur kesadaran yang membentuk ekspresi keberagamaan tersebut. Pada kesimpulannya, tulisan ini, tidak ingin menilai atau menganalisis mana ekspresi keagamaan yang paling benar dan salah di era revolusi industri 4.0. Sebalinya, tulisan ini sekedar ingin menggambarkan apa yang terjadi pasca kemajuan tekhnologi ‘memperbaiki’ dan ‘merusak’ nilai-nilai keberagamaan yang dipahami/diekspresikan oleh umat Islam di Indonesia.