bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A noninferiority within-person study comparing the accuracy of transperineal to transrectal MRI–US fusion biopsy for prostate-cancer detection
Authors: Ber Yaara , Segal Niv , Tamir Shlomit , Benjaminov Ofer , Yakimov Maxim , Sela Sivan , Halstauch Daniel , Baniel Jack , Kedar Daniel , Margel David 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) fusion prostate-biopsies can be performed in a transrectal (TR-fusion) or transperineal (TP-fusion) approach. Prospective comparative evidence is limited. In this study we compared the detection rate of clinically-significant prostate-cancer (csPCa) within an index lesion between TR and TP-fusion.Patients and methodsThis was a prospective, noninferiority, and within-person trial. Men scheduled for MRI–US-fusion with a discrete MRI PI-RRAD ≥ 3 lesion were included. A dominant index lesion was determined for each subject and sampled by TR and TP-fusion during the same session. The order of biopsies was randomized and equipment was reset to avoid chronological and incorporation bias. For each subject, the index lesion was sampled 4–6 times in each approach. All biopsies were performed using Navigo fusion software (UC-Care, Yokneam, Israel). csPCa was defined as: Grade Group ≥ 2 or cancer-core length ≥ 6 mm. We used a noninferiority margin of 10% and a one-sided alpha level of 5%.ResultsSeventy-seven patients completed the protocol. Median age was 68.2 years (IQR:64.2–72.2), median PSA was 8.9 ng/ml (IQR:6.18–12.2). Ten patients (13%) were biopsy naive, others (87%) had a previous biopsy. csPCa was detected in 32 patients (42%). All of these cases were detected by TP-fusion, while only 20 (26%) by TR-fusion. Absolute difference for csPCa diagnosis was 15.6 (CI 90% 27.9–3.2%) in favor of TP-fusion (p = 0.029). TP-fusion was noninferior to TR-fusion. The lower boundary of the 90% confidence-interval between TP-fusion and TR-fusion was greater than zero, therefore TP-fusion was also found to be superior. Exploratory subgroup analyses showed TP-fusion was consistently associated with higher detection rates of csPCa compared with TR-fusion in patient and index-lesion derived subgroups (size, location, PI-RADS, PSA, and biopsy history).ConclusionsIn this study, TP-fusion biopsies were found to be noninferior and superior to TR-fusion biopsies in detecting csPCa within MRI-visible index lesion. Centers experienced in both TP and TR-fusion should consider these results when choosing biopsy method.
Pharmacogenomic associations of adverse drug reactions in
asthma: systematic review and research prioritisation
Authors: King Charlotte , McKenna Amanda , Farzan Niloufar , Vijverberg Susanne J. , van der Schee Marc P. , Maitland-van der Zee Anke H. , Arianto Lambang , Bisgaard Hans , BØnnelykke Klaus , Berce Vojko , PotoČnik Uros , Repnik Katja , Carleton Bruce , Daley Denise , Chew Fook Tim , Chiang Wen Chin , Sio Yang Yie , Cloutier Michelle M. , Den Dekker Herman T. , Duijts Liesbeth , de Jongste Johan C. , Dijk F. Nicole , Flores Carlos , Hernandez-Pacheco Natalia , Mukhopadhyay Somnath , Basu Kaninika , Tantisira Kelan G. , Verhamme Katia M. , Celedón Juan C. , Forno Erick , Canino Glorisa , Francis Ben , Pirmohamed Munir , Sinha Ian , Hawcutt Daniel B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA systematic review of pharmacogenomic studies capturing adverse drug
reactions (ADRs) related to asthma medications was undertaken, and a survey of
Pharmacogenomics in Childhood Asthma (PiCA) consortia members was conducted. Studies
were eligible if genetic polymorphisms were compared with suspected ADR(s) in a
patient with asthma, as either a primary or secondary outcome. Five studies met the
inclusion criteria. The ADRs and polymorphisms identified were change in lung
function tests (rs1042713), adrenal suppression (rs591118), and decreased bone
mineral density (rs6461639) and accretion (rs9896933, rs2074439). Two of these
polymorphisms were replicated within the paper, but none had external replication.
Priorities from PiCA consortia members (representing 15 institution in eight
countries) for future studies were tachycardia (SABA/LABA), adrenal
suppression/crisis and growth suppression (corticosteroids), sleep/behaviour
disturbances (leukotriene receptor antagonists), and nausea and vomiting
(theophylline). Future pharmacogenomic studies in asthma should collect relevant ADR
data as well as markers of efficacy.
SWEDEGENE—a Swedish nation-wide DNA sample collection for pharmacogenomic studies of serious adverse drug reactions
Authors: Hallberg Pär , Yue Qun-Ying , Eliasson Erik , Melhus Håkan , Ås Joel , Wadelius Mia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSWEDEGENE is a Swedish nation-wide sample collection established to facilitate studies of clinical and genetic risk factors for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Most cases are recruited among patients reported to the ADR registry at the Swedish Medical Products Agency by health-care professionals. Clinical data are collected both from medical and laboratory records and through interviews using standardized questionnaires. Genome-wide scans and whole-genome sequencing are done, and association studies are conducted using mainly controls from the Swedish TwinGene biobank with data on diagnoses and prescribed drugs. SWEDEGENE was established in 2008 and currently contains DNA and information from about 2550 adults who have experienced specific ADRs, and from 580 drug exposed controls. Results from genome-wide association studies have now been published, and data from whole-genome sequencing are being analyzed. SWEDEGENE has the potential to offer a new means of developing individualized and safe drug therapy through patient pre-treatment screening.
Strong spin orientation-dependent spin current diffusion and inverse spin Hall effect in a ferromagnetic metal
Authors: Zhu Zhaozhao , Zheng Xiaoli , Li Gang , Bai He , Su Jian , Zhang Ying , Cai Jian-Wang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPure spin current transport has become the central point of the state-of-the-art spintronics. While most spin current phenomena have been extensively explored, aspects of the pure spin current injected into ferromagnetic metals are far from completely understood. The reports on a fundamental problem, i.e. the spin relaxation asymmetry with spin current polarization collinear or transverse to the magnetization of ferromagnetic metals, are quite controversial. By employing a Y3Fe5O12 (YIG)/Cu/Ni80Fe20 (Py)/Ir25Mn75 (IrMn) spin valve heterostructure with the thermal inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) of a Py well separated from other thermoelectric transport and thermal Hall effects, we find that the ISHE signal amplitude in 10 nm Py increases by 80% when changing the relative orientation of the YIG and Py magnetization from orthogonal (⊥) to collinear (||). Moreover, the spin-diffusion length λsf and effective spin Hall angle $$\theta _{{\mathrm{SH}}}^{{\mathrm{eff}}}$$

θ

SH

eff

of Py are also spin orientation dependent and vary from $$\lambda _{{\mathrm{sf}}}^ \bot$$

λ

sf

⊥

= 1.0 ± 0.1 nm to $$\lambda _{{\mathrm{sf}}}^\parallel$$

λ

sf

∥

= 2.8 ± 0.5 nm with $$\theta _{{\mathrm{SH}}}^{{\mathrm{eff}}}\left( \bot \right)/\theta _{{\mathrm{SH}}}^{{\mathrm{eff}}}\left( \parallel \right)$$

θ

SH

eff

⊥

∕

θ

SH

eff

∥

= 1.5, respectively. Our results demonstrate magnetization orientation-dependent spin relaxation and spin injection efficiency of a pure spin current, revealing that exchange interactions in ferromagnetic metals strongly affect the transport of the pure spin current.
Impaired functional capacity of polarised neonatal macrophages
Authors: Dreschers Stephan , Ohl Kim , Schulte Nora , Tenbrock Klaus , Orlikowsky Thorsten W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNeonatal sepsis is accompanied by impaired apoptotic depletion of monocytes and macrophages (MΦ), aberrant cytokine production, impaired cell metabolism, and sustained inflammation. Macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) triggers the differentiation from monocytes into MΦ (MΦ-0). Interleukin-10 (IL10) and Interferon-gamma (IFNy) further differentiate MΦ subpopulations, the anti-inflammatory MΦ-IL10 and the pro-inflammatory MΦ-IFNy subtype. We previously have shown significant differences between adult (PBMΦ) and cord blood (CBMΦ) in the metabolism of all subtypes. To test the hypothesis whether the competence to differentiate monocytes into MΦ-0 and to polarise into MΦ-IFNy and MΦ-IL10 was diminished in CBMΦ as compared to PBMΦ, we polarised monocytes by cultivation with M-CSF for 72 h, followed by stimulation with IFNy or IL10, for 48 h. After flow cytometry based immunotyping, we tested four functions: Phagocytosis of GFP-E. coli, uptake of erythrocytes, T-cell proliferation, induction of regulatory T-cells as well as phosphorylation analysis of AKT and STAT1/STAT3. Phosphorylation of STAT-1 and STAT-3, obligatory to differentiate into MΦ-IFNγ, MΦ-0 and MΦ-IL10, was found to be aberrant in CBMΦ. Whereas infected MΦ-0 showed identical phagocytic indices and intracellular degradation, TLR4-expression, NFkB up-regulation, IL10-, IL6-, and TNFα production of CBMΦ-0 were reduced. In addition, the capacity to bind aged erythrocytes and the consecutive IL10 production was lower in CBMΦ-IL10. Polarised PBMΦ-IFNy and PBMΦ-IL10 expressed higher levels of co-stimulatory receptors (CD80, CD86), had a higher capacity to stimulate T-cells and induced higher amounts of regulatory T-cells (all p < 0.05 vs. corresponding CBMΦ). Hypoxia-inducible-factor-1α (HIF-1α) was stronger expressed in CBMΦ-IFNy and upregulated in infected CBMΦ-0, whereas heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression was similar to adult PBMΦ. Neonatal MΦ-0, MΦ-IFNy and MΦ-IL10 polarisation is impaired with respect to phenotype and functions tested which may contribute to sustained inflammation in neonatal sepsis.
3D-printing process design of lattice compressor impeller based on residual stress and deformation
Authors: JIA Dejun , LI Fanchun , ZHANG Yuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe application of a lattice structure in the lightweight design of compressor impellers can reduce their mass and moment of inertia, hence improving the effective carrying of aircraft and reducing the start and braking moments of the impeller. The feasibility of a processing-lattice compressor impeller is the prerequisite for its application. To control the residual deformation and residual stress effectively, a computer-aided design technique is used to simulate the manufacturing process of a compressor impeller. The residual deformation and stress of the compressor impeller during the additive manufacturing process is calculated. The material-stacking process and base-plate- and support-removal process of a TiAl6V4 impeller printed by an SLM280 metal 3D printer are simulated by the finite-element method. The results show that some change in the laser printing parameters leads to a significant impact on the residual stress and deformation amplitude of the impeller. The residual deformation and residual stress of the lattice compressor impeller with the same geometrical appearance after processing are less than the corresponding amplitude of the solid compressor impeller, which also shows that the printed lattice compressor impeller can more easily achieve the design requirements.
Accelerated neuronal and synaptic maturation by BrainPhys medium increases Aβ secretion and alters Aβ peptide ratios from iPSC-derived cortical neurons
Authors: Satir Tugce Munise , Nazir Faisal Hayat , Vizlin-Hodzic Dzeneta , Hardselius Erik , Blennow Kaj , Wray Selina , Zetterberg Henrik , Agholme Lotta , Bergström Petra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOne of the neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is cerebral deposition of amyloid plaques composed of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides and the cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of those peptides are used as a biomarker for AD. Mature induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neurons secrete Aβ peptides in ratios comparable to those secreted to cerebrospinal fluid in human, however the protocol to achieve mature neurons is time consuming. In this study, we investigated if differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells (NPCs) in BrainPhys medium, previously reported to enhance synaptic function of neurons in culture, would accelerate neuronal maturation and, thus increase Aβ secretion as compared to the conventional neural maintenance medium. We found that NPCs cultured in BrainPhys displayed increased expression of markers for cortical deep-layer neurons, increased synaptic maturation and number of astroglial cells. This accelerated neuronal maturation was accompanied by increased APP processing, resulting in increased secretion of Aβ peptides and an increased Aβ38 to Aβ40 and Aβ42 ratio. However, during long-term culturing in BrainPhys, non-neuronal cells appeared and eventually took over the cultures. Taken together, BrainPhys culturing accelerated neuronal maturation and increased Aβ secretion from iPSC-derived cortical neurons, but changed the cellular composition of the cultures.
Novel synthesis of Ni/Fe layered double hydroxides using urea and glycerol and their enhanced adsorption behavior for Cr(VI) removal
Authors: Abo El-Reesh Gehad Y. , Farghali Ahmed A. , Taha Mohamed , Mahmoud Rehab K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNovel modified Ni/Fe layered double hydroxides with different morphology of spherical – like shape were fabricated via using urea as a ligand and glycerol (Ni/Fe LDH/GL) with Ni:Fe molar ratios of 2:1 by the simplest co -precipitation method. Also, for comparison purposes, Ni/Fe LDH was synthesized to be used as a control one. A suggested interpretation for the morphology change was also given. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), The Fourier transform infrared (FT - IR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), EDX for elemental analysis, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) equation, particle size distributions and Zeta potential measurements. In addition, the synthesized materials were used as adsorbents for removal of potassium dichromate from aqueous solutions under various experimental conditions. The adsorption of Cr (VI) was strongly pH dependant and the pHPZC was studied. Kinetic studies were evaluated through different models including, pseudo first and second orders, mixed 1, 2 orders, intra particle diffusion and Avrami models. For adsorption isotherms, two-parameter models (Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin) and three parameter models (Sips, Langmuir-Freundlich and Tooth) were investigated showing maximum adsorption capacity of 50.43 mg/g and 136.05 mg/g for Ni/Fe LDH and Ni/Fe LDH/GL, respectively. Also, the effect of temperature was investigated at (23, 35, 45, 55 °C) and the thermodynamic parameters (∆H°, ∆S° and ∆G°) were calculated showing exothermic and spontaneous adsorption process. The effect of coexisting anions (Cl−, SO42− and HPO42−) and humic acid at different concentrations on the removal efficiency of dichromate ions was investigated. Chemical stability and recyclability of these adsorbents were also studied. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds formation between dichromate ion, urea, glycerol, LDH was explored by Monte Carlo simulation This study suggested that the modified Ni/Fe LDH/GL materials were promising nanoadsorbents for efficient potassium dichromate removal.
Liquid-like droplet formation by tumor suppressor p53 induced by multivalent electrostatic interactions between two disordered domains
Authors: Kamagata Kiyoto , Kanbayashi Saori , Honda Masaya , Itoh Yuji , Takahashi Hiroto , Kameda Tomoshi , Nagatsugi Fumi , Takahashi Satoshi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEarly in vivo studies demonstrated the involvement of a tumor-suppressing transcription factor, p53, into cellular droplets such as Cajal and promyelocytic leukemia protein bodies, suggesting that the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) might be involved in the cellular functions of p53. To examine this possibility, we conducted extensive investigations on the droplet formation of p53 in vitro. First, p53 itself was found to form liquid-like droplets at neutral and slightly acidic pH and at low salt concentrations. Truncated p53 mutants modulated droplet formation, suggesting the importance of multivalent electrostatic interactions among the N-terminal and C-terminal domains. Second, FRET efficiency measurements for the dimer mutants of p53 revealed that distances between the core domains and between the C-terminal domains were modulated in an opposite manner within the droplets. Third, the molecular crowding agents were found to promote droplet formation, whereas ssDNA, dsDNA, and ATP, to suppress it. Finally, the p53 mutant mimicking posttranslational phosphorylation did not form the droplets. We conclude that p53 itself has a potential to form droplets that can be controlled by cellular molecules and by posttranslational modifications, suggesting that LLPS might be involved in p53 function.
Past, Present and Future: Combining habitat suitability and future landcover simulation for long-term conservation management of Indian rhino
Authors: Mukherjee Tanoy , Sharma Lalit Kumar , Saha Goutam K. , Thakur Mukesh , Chandra Kailash 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Indian rhino (Rhinoceros unicornis) is susceptible to habitat change and fragmentation due to illegal logging, rapid urbanization and non-forest use and therefore were confined in to isolated areas throughout its distribution. The present study was conducted in Gorumara landscape which is composed of two protected areas (PAs) viz., Gorumara National Park (GNP) and Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary. Both PAs were separated by a territorial forest range (Bridge Area), which is between both the PAs and under high anthropogenic disturbance. The study was designed to understand the impacts of landcover change on habitat suitability of R. unicornis in a multi-temporal scenario from 1998 to 2018 using ensemble approach and also to simulate the future habitat suitability for 2028. Our result suggests a significant increase in woodland cover inside the PAs, whereas the grassland cover has increased outside the PA in territorial range. We found a strong positive association of R. unicornis with grasslands. The Comparison of the future suitability model of 2028 with that of 2018 indicates a substantial increase in rhino suitable area by 13% in the territorial forest. Hence, bringing the territorial forest into the PA network, will be a crucial step to increase the fodder availability and better connectivity for the long term survival of the species.
A Hearing Screening Pilot Study With Students With Significant Cognitive Disabilities
Authors: Quick Nancy , Roush Jackson , Erickson Karen , Mundy Martha 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Many children with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities are at a higher risk for hearing loss than their peers who are typically developing. Unfortunately, they do not consistently participate in routine school-based hearing screenings. The current study investigated the feasibility of increasing their participation using an otoacoustic emissions protocol and documented results relative to student educational profiles.

Method
A total of 43 students with significant cognitive disabilities enrolled at a public school exclusively serving this population participated in the study. All but 9, who were excluded because of known hearing loss, were screened by a licensed audiologist assisted by audiology doctoral students. The protocol included otoscopy, tympanometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs), and teacher surveys.

Results
DPOAE screening was attempted on 33 students without previously diagnosed hearing loss and successfully completed for 26 (78.8%). Two students (4.6%) with absent otoacoustic emissions and normal tympanograms were referred for further assessment due to concerns about possible sensorineural hearing loss in one or both ears, and 10 (23.3%) had abnormal tympanograms in one or both ears.

Conclusions
Considering the high risk of sensorineural hearing loss for children with significant disabilities, it is important for them to be included in school hearing screenings. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of using DPOAEs for school-based hearing screenings with this population with an interprofessional team of licensed audiologists, educators, and speech-language pathologists. The results further suggest that students with significant disabilities and hearing loss may be unidentified and underserved. Given the complex needs of this population, an interprofessional practice model for hearing screenings and intervention services is recommended.
Fast transient‐based detection of busbar faults employing improved morphological gradient
Authors: Lashgari Mahmoud , Mohammad Shahrtash Seyed 
Published: January 2020

In this study, a new method for ultra‐fast speed busbar protection is presented. The method is based on processing the incoming/outgoing current signals of lines or transformers connected to a substation busbar by the improved morphological gradient. The proposed algorithm is simple and requires neither fault detector nor fault classifier and it is immune to fault type, fault inception angle, fault resistance, and noise with SNRs down to 5 dB. It is applicable to different substation configurations or bus systems. According to the simulation results, the proposed algorithm has high security and dependability in discrimination of external and internal faults with the ultra‐fast operation. Moreover, in the case of the existing two busbars in a substation layout, the proposed indices can discriminate between the faults of the two bus zones.
Ensuring the safety of workers in underground electrical installations - professional risk assessment
Authors: Buică Georgeta , Antonov Anca Elena , Beiu Constantin , Pasculescu Dragos , Dobra Remus 
Published: January 2020

Occupational risk assessment is a prevention tool used to manage safety and health at work in the national economy sectors of activity.Within the operation and maintenance in underground electrical installations, several major risk factors are identified, mainly due to work equipment cumulated with risk factors generated by the work environment and workload.To highlight the working conditions and the technical requirements of the underground electrical installations, the activity carried out for 50 years was analyzed, taking into account the lifespan of the electrical installations. Also, the events and accidents at work, the assessments of the risk in the workplace was analysed and represents a synthesis of research studies carried out so far.The research highlights the role of safety measures aimed to ensure the safety and health of workers working in underground electrical installations, mainly about work equipment and the means of work against electrocution to efficiently manage occupational risks and reduce workplace accidents and occupational disease, as well as technical events in electrical installations.
Pflege hebt ab
Authors: Schieler Monique , Dobbermann Andrej 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungFür die spezielle Behandlung von ARDS-Patienten müssen diese schon mal in entsprechend ausgestattete Kliniken überführt werden. Weitere Wege legen sie dabei am besten per Hubschrauber zurück. Dieser muss auf seinem Flug für alle Eventualitäten ausgerüstet sein, um die Sicherheit des Patienten jederzeit zu gewährleisten. Mit an Bord: eine voll ausgestattete ECMO-Trage und ein ARDS-Team, zu dem auch eine Intensivpflegekraft gehört.
Transkulturelle Pflege und deren Auswirkungen auf das Pflegeteam und Patienten
Authors: Kluger Daniel 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie steigende Anzahl von ausländischen Pflegekräften führt unbestritten zu einer Entlastung der Kliniken. Auf der anderen Seite bringen viele dieser Pflegekräfte eine andere Auffassung des Pflegeverständnisses mit, je nachdem, woher sie stammen. Ob und wenn ja welche Auswirkungen das auf das Pflegeteam und die zu versorgenden Patienten haben kann, hat Daniel Kluger näher betrachtet.