bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No Longer Aging in Place: Housing Decisions After 100
Authors: Bowers Susan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The number of aging individuals is growing and, along with it, a subset of the oldest-old (those over 85 years), including centenarians. Although researchers have begun identifying issues and needs related to this population (Dunkle & Jeon, 2016), still little is known about decision-making processes as they relate to housing. In rural areas, in specific, centenarians are limited by few residential choices and lack of geographic mobility. In this study, decision-making processes are examined, with an emphasis on interactions between aging individuals and their rural family caregivers. In addition, since family caregivers typically experience a pattern of burnout over time (Yilmaz, Turan & Gundogar, 2009; Yikikan, Aypak, & Görpelioğlu, 2015), a second focus of the study is caregiver stress. Data for the study are drawn from semi-structured interviews with a sample of family caregivers in the Midwest. All caregivers had a 100-plus family member recently placed, or in process of placement, at a residential long-term care facility. To meet criteria, all facilities were in towns of 4000 individuals or less. Data consisted of qualitative interviews with the primary family contact (female in all cases), and were analyzed according to Strauss & Corbin (1990). Decision-making themes centered on health and family pressure. Stress themes centered primarily around work. Data are discussed in terms of family strengths, health and wellness, and the need for continued programming for family caregivers, particularly in rural areas.
Type 2 Diabetes Reduces the Muscle Anabolic Effect of Resistance Exercise Training in Older Adults
Authors: Randolph Amanda , Moro Tatiana , Odejimi Adetutu , Rasmussen Blake , Volpi Elena 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) accelerates the incidence and increases the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults. This suggests an urgent need for identifying effective sarcopenia treatments for older adults with T2DM. It is unknown whether traditional approaches, such as progressive resistance exercise training (PRET), can effectively counteract sarcopenia in older patients with T2DM. To test the efficacy of PRET for the treatment of sarcopenia in older adults with T2DM, 30 subjects (15 T2DM and 15 age- and sex- matched controls) underwent metabolic testing with muscle biopsies before and after a 13-week full-body PRET program. Primary outcome measures included changes in appendicular lean mass, muscle strength, and mixed muscle fractional synthesis rate (FSR). Before PRET, BMI-adjusted appendicular lean mass was significantly lower in the T2DM group (0.7095±0.0381 versus 0.8151±0.0439, p&lt;0.0001). As a result of PRET, appendicular lean mass adjusted for BMI and muscle strength increased significantly in both groups, but to a lesser extent for the T2DM group (p=0.0009) . Preliminary results for FSR (n=25) indicate that subjects with T2DM had lower basal FSR prior to PRET (p=0.0197) . Basal FSR increased significantly in the control group after PRET (p=0.0196), while it did not change in the T2DM group (p=0.3537). These results suggest that in older adults the positive effect of PRET on muscle anabolism and strength is reduced by T2DM . Thus, older adults with T2DM may require more intensive, multimodal and targeted sarcopenia treatment. Funded by NIH R01AG049611 and P30AG024832.
Compromised Vision Impairs Successful Aging Among Assisted Living Residents
Authors: Scott Judith , Mayo Ann 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Community dwelling independent older adults’ successful aging is known to be hampered by sensory and cognitive impairments. However, little is known about to what degree these impairments affect successful aging among assisted living (AL) residents. The purpose of this quantitative study, conducted in three (AL) facilities, was to describe factors affecting successful aging. A total of 88 older adults (M=89.0, SD=7.54), mostly women (n=68), completed hearing (CALFRAST-Strong procedure at 75cm, 35cm, and 2cm), vision (Jaeger reading [proximate], Snellen Acuity [visual acuity]), and cognitive screening (MiniCog, Borson et al), as well as the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Successful Aging Inventory (SAI, Troutman et al, 2011). Most (68%) demonstrated hearing loss &gt;25DB, with a significant difference demonstrated between age groups (age 65-89; n=38) (90-100; n=49) with the older group demonstrating worse hearing (F(1,80)=5.9, p=.017). Some vision compromise was noted for both reading (14.3%) and visual acuity (10.8%). Over one third of participants (34.1%) demonstrated compromised cognition. The SAI results indicated most participants were managing IADLs well (M=6.11, SD=1.42) and aging successfully (M=63.39, SD=9.04). Hearing, cognition and IADLs were not significantly related to successful aging. However, when compared to those without vision issues, participants with compromised vision, both reading and visual acuity, scored significantly lower on the SAI (reading F(1,75)= 24.9,p=.000; visual acuity F(1,28)=4.31, p=000). The infrastructure provided by AL settings may compensate for hearing, cognition, and IADL problems, but not as well for vision problems. Interventions supporting AL residents’ vision should be a priority to improve successful aging.
Divides Within the LGBT Community: Exploring the Impact of Generational Stereotypes
Authors: Bryant-Lees Kinsey , Kite Mary 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Age is a unique, often overlooked, aspect of identity, which is particularly problematic within the LGBT community. While sexuality, sexual orientation, and gender identity are central to the identities of LGBT people, they are verboten for older adults. Thus, older LGBT individuals’ voices are inadvertently silenced. This talk will present data that demonstrates the reinforcing role that stereotypes play in maintaining the generational divide and address some of the unique inter-generational differences within the LGBT+ community that arise from differential experiences of cultural acceptance and historical events of LGBT youth coming of age across decades. For example, in the 1970’s the DSM criteria would have classified LGBT people as mentally ill; stark contrast to the 2010’s in which LGBT youth have grown up with legal protections against hate crimes, and marriage equality as a basic right. We will conclude with a discussion on cultivating community and productive conversations across generations.
Diagnosed Opioid Use Disorder Among Older Adults: Complex Comorbidity and Management Challenges
Authors: Treitler Peter , Crystal Stephen , Hermida Richard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the face of a widespread opioid epidemic and many policy changes affecting opioid access and management, it is important to understand the prevalence and characteristics of diagnosed opioid use disorder in older people and their implications for effective management of this high-risk population. We examined these issues in an ~40% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries with Part D coverage. In 2017, .8% of beneficiaries ages 65+ were diagnosed with OUD (opioid abuse or dependence diagnoses), an increase from .5% in 2015. The late-2015 transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10 may have contributed to this change, but the rate also increased post-ICD-10 by 9.1% from 2016-2017. The profile of individuals diagnosed with OUD reveals a population with complex comorbidity and multiple health challenges: 45% were diagnosed with major depression, 7% with alcohol disorders, 45% with anxiety, 8% with hepatitis C, 26% with cancer, 38% with COPD and 19% with pneumonia (risk factors for opioid overdose), 56% with diabetes and 27% with heart failure. 97% were diagnosed with pain conditions, 85% received opioid prescriptions, and 38% received benzodiazepine prescriptions. These patients represent complex and potentially competing challenges in concurrent management of pain, opioid use disorder, multi-substance use and opioid use disorder. Development of effective, integrated care models to simultaneously address these interrelated problems in this high-risk population should be informed by a closer focus on their multiple needs and monitoring of the adequacy of health system response.
The Utah Experience: Our Secret Sauce for Long-Term Care Nurse Residency Programs
Authors: McLeskey Nanci , Gallegos Joan , Telonidis Jacqueline 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nurses working in long-term care (LTC) have a paucity of geriatric knowledge and leadership skills. One method of meeting this challenge is by offering an online geriatric-focused nurse residency program (NRP) to LTC nurses. The goal of the NRP is to provide geriatric nursing competencies to prepare LTC nurses to care for complex older residents and lead staff. Construct measures include geriatric knowledge and skills, self-rated efficacy, and attitudes towards QI. To date, 46 nurses have enrolled in the program. Completers’ state they have increased knowledge and confidence; but turnover and workload issues often prevent nurses from completing the program. Thus, the current NRP with 6 nurse residents is streamlined to be completed in 4 months and with a focus on the 4 M’s, leadership and geriatric competencies and resilience. Future plans are for the NRP to be available for nurses from all long-term services and supports settings.
Intergenerational Homesharing: Community Cohered by Story
Authors: Wenrick Rachel , Kaschock Kirsten 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Drexel’s Writers Room is a university-community literary arts program engaged in creative placemaking and art for social justice. Since 2014, our work has focused on two major themes: how we, as a community of writers ages 18-80, can create and connect through story; and how together we can address some of the changes we are seeing in the local neighborhood around Drexel’s campus. This presentation will provide an overview of how the method of co-creation, core to our program since its inception, has allowed us to develop the concept for a writers house and intergenerational homesharing network as an aging-in-place and anti-displacement strategy; build the extensive cross-sector partner network needed to implement it, and earn crucial neighborhood and institutional support. The goal is for attendees to leave with ideas for how this concept might be adapted in their own communities.
Evaluating Age-Friendly Intergenerational Classrooms: Insights From Instructors and Students
Authors: Montepare Joann 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Age-friendly University (AFU) campuses are reshaping how we think about teaching and learning in higher education. In particular, intergenerational classrooms are on the rise as shifting age demographics call for institutions to create new opportunities for older learners and encourage intergenerational exchange. Age diverse classrooms have distinctive needs and dynamics that instructors, and students, will need to learn how to navigate. This presentation will describe outcomes of one AFU institution’s attempt to identify the challenges and triumphs of intergenerational classrooms through facilitated instructor and student reflections in different classrooms over the course of several semesters. Recommendations will be offered for enhancing intergenerational exchange in classrooms across disciplines, as well as evaluating attitudes, logistics, and learning outcomes. Part of a symposium sponsored by Intergenerational Learning, Research, and Community Engagement Interest Group.
Rethinking and Co-Design of Beloved Board Games for People With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Their Care Partners
Authors: Kerssens Chantal , Gandy Maribeth , Cohen Kara , Levy Laura , Janssens Cecile , Mitzner Tracy , Perkins Molly , Binford Suzette 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects millions of older Americans and progression to dementia is common. Although people with MCI may experience impairments, they are often highly verbal, able, and eager to uphold beloved routines. Moreover, many seek opportunities to stay active, physically and mentally, to support their brain health. Some forms of cognitive training and social engagement potentially delay the onset and progression of disease, including dementia. This 12-month project used mixed methods to co-design and test an accessible version of well-known board games for people with MCI and a care partner without MCI. The overall goal was to foster a meaningful, joyous, social activity for players with differing capabilities using adapted game mechanics to create a compelling experience for both players. Coping strategies of care partners were studied to learn ways to foster positive interactions. Findings inform recommendations for game design and clinical interventions. Part of a symposium sponsored by Technology and Aging Interest Group.
A Novel Touch-Screen, Dual-Language Intervention Program for Older Adults
Authors: Yow W Quin , Chen Hui-Ching , Lokanathan Tharshini , Achenbach Attila , Blessing Lucienne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although cognitive training in healthy older adults (OA) has been controversial, specific and isolated cognitive skills such as semantic memory can be improved with appropriate designs. Semantic memory has been considered as a clinical marker for cognitive decline in dementia. The current study, as part of a larger touch-screen dual-language intervention program with cognitive training tools, aims to slow down the rate of cognitive decline in OA with dementia (OwD). A set of neuropsychological tests was conducted before and after the training program. After 24 training sessions over 8-12 weeks, OwD (11 females, 1 male, mean=85.8yo) improved significantly in their verbal working memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; RAVLT) while performance of the cognitive-healthy OA (5 females, 3 males, mean=76.3yo) remained the same post-intervention. Our findings suggest that touch-screen technology can help OwD improve their semantic memory. The strengths and limitations of our game design and intervention will be discussed. Part of a symposium sponsored by Technology and Aging Interest Group.
Community-Based Participatory Research Strategies to Collect, Analyze, and Disseminate Qualitative Data
Authors: Hanks Roma , Min Hosik , Lio Shoon , Moss Brandon , Wraight Sarah , Lewis Denise 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Project 1: Community Health Advocates participated in a photovoice project that evolved into an invited installation at the Alabama Contemporary Art Center, giving statewide exposure to health issues in communities in South Alabama that had been identified as those with the highest health disparities. The context of the project was a multi-generational approach to community health advocacy. Project 2: This project focused on employing CBPR methods in Cambodian and Laotian immigrant communities in South Alabama to discover barriers to disaster preparedness, response, and recovery and to better understand the intersections of culture, spirituality, and social justice along the path to community empowerment and resiliency. Community engagement in the development of emergency plans is typically at the organization-to-organization level. This paper analyzes multi-generational, multi-disciplinary, multi-method approaches using qualitative data to build effective strategies for advocacy through community engagement in research.
Positive Role of Purpose in Life in Health Outcomes and Perspectives on Environment
Authors: Tan Shyuan Ching , Gamaldo Alyssa , Sardina Angela 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Having a sense of purpose directs behaviors, hence, purpose in life (PIL) can be a useful indicator/moderator of healthy mental and physical behaviors and outcomes. As such, purpose in life, particularly in lower income older adults, might encourage meaningful engagement in activities and life that lead to positive health. Thirty-nine residents (M=68.01, SD=10.26) of affordable housing for older adults in Wilmington, NC and State College, PA were surveyed on demographics, mental health, well-being (i.e., PIL), health behaviors, and their perceptions on immediate housing and the community resources. Findings suggest that for higher educated, younger and Black older adults, PIL moderates or protects against negative mental outcomes (p&lt;.05). For higher educated older adults, PIL moderates or encourages positive perception of job opportunities in the community (p&lt;.05) and healthier behaviors (p&lt;.05). More research is needed to understand how environment interacts with PIL to promote healthy behaviors and outcomes.
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Health Status Among African Americans Living in Low-Income Housing
Authors: Aiken-Morgan Adrienne , McCain Dextiny , Phillips Karon , Whitfield Keith 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research has shown the importance of social determinants of health in explaining racial/ethnic disparities in many health outcomes; however, less attention has been given to within-group differences in social determinants of health among low-income African American older adults. The Physical and Cognitive Health Pilot Study (n=50) was utilized to examine associations between level of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and self-reported health in African American older adults living in public housing in Durham, NC and Annapolis, MD. Results from ANOVA showed that Durham participants living in more disadvantaged neighborhoods had statistically significantly worse cardiovascular health, higher depression symptoms, worse sleep quality, and higher alcohol use (p=.05) than Annapolis participants living in a more resource-rich neighborhood. These findings suggest that among low-income African American elders, greater neighborhood/state socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with worse health status. Future research should consider neighborhood context as an essential variable when assessing health status among aging African Americans.
The Black-White Mental Health Paradox Among Older Adults: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Brown Lauren 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Most studies of middle-aged adults find blacks have higher levels of psychological distress compared to whites but have lower risk of common psychiatric disorders. For instance, there is evidence of lower rates of depressive and anxiety disorders among blacks relative to whites despite large disparities in stress, discrimination and physical health in midlife—commonly referred to as the black-white mental health paradox. We examine evidence of the black-white paradox in anxiety and depressive symptoms among older adults. Data come from 6,019 adults ages 52+ from the 2006 Health and Retirement Study. Unadjusted models show older blacks report more anxiety and depressive symptoms than whites. After adjusting for socioeconomic factors, everyday discrimination, chronic conditions, and chronic stress, there are no black-white differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms. Findings suggest the black-white mental health paradox only extends into older adulthood for blacks living under similar stress and health landscapes as whites.
Family Changes and China’s Elderly Support System
Authors: Hu Zhan , Shen Ke 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Population aging has become the norm in China. Improving or reconstructing the elderly support system is therefore essential. While the government and institutional support has been improving and enhancing in China, family remains the most important source of elderly support for a long period in the future. Based on data from censuses and national surveys (1982-2015), we examine recent changes in household size and structure across ages from an individual life course perspective, to reveal the complexities and ambiguities behind the nationwide household change. Our findings suggest that multi-generational co-residence is a major vehicle to accommodate the needs of family members at critical stages of life. These salient features of family change in China call for new family-oriented policies, including pragmatic incentives to strengthen intergenerational solidarity, essential support for family caregivers, and diversified community services to care for frail elders.
Examining the Impact of Aging-Related Mindsets and Motivation on Activity Engagement in Older Adults
Authors: O’Brien Erica , Hess Thomas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study examined short- and long-term patterns of engagement in health-promoting activities due to implicit beliefs about cognitive aging (mindsets) and Need for Cognition (NFC; motivation) in older adults. Prior research suggests higher NFC and growth-oriented mindsets bolster participation by enhancing perceived benefits and minimizing perceived costs of engagement. Survey responses across three bursts of an ongoing longitudinal study (N=678-725 observations) were collected from 148 people aged between 64 and 81 and subjected to three-level multi-level analyses. Results show naturally-occurring, weekly variations in NFC and mindsets that also contribute to short-term variation in activity frequency, diversity, and selectivity. Additionally, NFC and age significantly mediated and moderated the effect of mindsets on some outcomes, respectively. Initial findings highlight the value of taking a dynamic approach and using Selective Engagement Theory to understand activity maintenance. They may also inform efforts to develop interventions that promote healthful behaviors in later life.
Getting Under the Skin: The Association Between Social Isolation and Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Cudjoe Thomas K M , Latkin Carl , Roth David , Thorpe Roland , Boyd Cynthia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Social isolation is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality comparable to well-established risk factors including smoking, hypertension, and a sedentary lifestyle. Specific mechanisms that connect social isolation to important health outcomes remain unclear. We examine the cross-sectional relationship between social isolation and two biological markers: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) in a nationally representative population of community dwelling older adults (IL-6: n=4336, CRP: n=4178) from the National Health Aging Trends Study in 2017. Adjusting for age, gender, race, income, tobacco use, body mass index, and multiple chronic conditions, we found that social isolation compared to no social isolation was associated with higher levels of IL-6 (p = 0.043) and CRP (p = 0.038). These results suggest that investigating inflammatory pathways between social isolation and morbidity and mortality is important.
Investigating the Longitudinal Relationship Between Subjective Cognitive Complaints and Objective Cognition
Authors: Falzarano Francesca , Siedlecki Karen , Minahan Jillian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research examining the relationship between subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive performance has been mixed. Despite the lack of clear evidence demonstrating an association, subjective cognitive complaints are used as a criterion for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and is considered a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Cross-lagged panel analyses were used in the current study to examine the longitudinal relationships between subjective cognitive complaints (using the Memory Functioning Questionnaire) and objective cognition (e.g., reasoning, memory, spatial visualization, processing speed, and vocabulary) in healthy adults over 60 from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project (N=441). Results indicated that objective and subjective cognition were only weakly related but that objective cognition is a stronger predictor of subjective cognitive complaints then vice versa. Although subjective cognitive complaints may be an early indicator of pathological aging, results indicate that subjective cognitive complaints may not be a valid predictor of objective cognitive decline.