bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Europese en Nederlandse visserij na Brexit
Authors: van Rijn T.P.J.N. 
Published: July 2020

Europese en Nederlandse visserij na Brexit
Sinds het Britse referendum van juni 2016 was duidelijk dat Brexit voor de Europese en Nederlandse visserij een enorm probleem zou worden. De Leavers hadden immers campagne gevoerd met de leuze ‘soevereiniteit in eigen wateren’, dat betekende dat ze de Britse visgronden wilden reserveren voor Britse vissers en de buitenlandse vissersschepen daaruit wilden weren. Dit betrof vooral het Kanaal, de Noordzee en de wateren rond Schotland, waar bijvoorbeeld Nederlandse vissersschepen al decennia lang vissen op bijvoorbeeld tong, schol, makreel, haring.De vraag kan gesteld worden of en in hoeverre het Verenigd Koninkrijk de toegang tot zijn visgronden kan verbieden of beperken. Deze vraag zal in dit artikel als eerste behandeld worden.Ook Britse schepen vissen in wateren van de lidstaten van de Europese Unie en zouden dit na Brexit zonder toestemming niet meer mogen doen. Het lijkt dan ook in het belang van beide partijen om een overeenkomst te sluiten waarin men elkaars schepen in zekere mate toegang tot elkaars visgronden geeft. In dat geval komt de volgende vraag aan de orde: hoe zit het met de toewijzing aan de Europese Unie van de in de Britse respectievelijk EU-wateren te vangen hoeveelheden vis? Deze zijn immers beperkt teneinde de visbestanden niet uit te putten.Tot slot, er is natuurlijk een nauw verband tussen de gevangen vis en de toegang tot de markt. Daarom is de laatste vraag die hier behandeld zal worden die van de toegang tot de Europese en Britse markten.
Social distancing voor lidstaten: grenscontroles en vrij verkeer in tijden van covid-19
Authors: van Eijken H. , Rijpma J.J. 
Published: July 2020

Social distancing voor lidstaten: grenscontroles en vrij verkeer in tijden van covid-19
De razendsnelle verspreiding van covid-19 binnen de EU leidde ertoe dat lidstaten afzonderlijk een groot aantal maatregelen namen om de verspreiding van het virus in te dammen. Deze vormden een belangrijke beperking van het vrij reizen binnen de EU, als ook van de mogelijkheden om van buiten Europa in te reizen. In deze bijdrage verkennen wij het (ontbreken van een) juridisch kader op EU-niveau voor de herinvoering van controles aan de binnengrenzen en het verbieden van niet-essentiële reizen op grond van de volksgezondheid.
Numerical Study on the Outdoor Wind Effects on Movement Smoke along a Corridor
Authors: Manescau Brady , Chetehouna Khaled , Serra Quentin , Wang Aijuan , Florentin Eric 
Published: July 2020

In this chapter, a numerical investigation is presented in order to highlight the effects of outdoor wind on smoke movements along a corridor in a compartment. For this, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code, fire dynamics simulator (FDS), was used to model the reactive flows in interaction with outdoor wind. The wind velocity is taken between 0 and 12.12 m/s, based on the experimental result data come from the work of Li et al. was performed. From numerical data, it was found that smoke stratification state in the corridor depends on Froude number (Fr) and it can be divided into three cases: stable buoyant stratification (Fr < 0.38), unstable buoyant stratification (0.38 ≤ Fr < 0.76), and failed stratification (Fr ≥ 0.76). When Fr ≥ 0.76, smoke stratification is completely disturbed and smoke occupies the entire volume of the compartment, highlighting a risk of toxicity to people. Indeed, it was observed that the velocity of the outdoor wind influences strongly the concentration of O2, CO2, CO, and visibility in the corridor and smoke exhaust. Moreover, for the input data used in the numerical modelling, the global sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the main parameters affecting the smoke temperature near the ceiling are the mass flux of fuel and the activation energy.
Very Queer Friends
Authors: Schwartz Selby 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT:
Elena Ferrante has long acknowledged the influence of Alba de Céspedes’ 1949 novel Dalla parte di lei on her writing, particularly in terms of conceiving female characters. In Ferrante’s newest novel, La vita bugiarda degli adulti, the prominent theme of queer friendship between young women echoes and reconfigures elements from Dalla parte di lei. This article delves into the capacious queer relationality depicted in both novels, tracing the presence of transmasculinity and feminist re-writing as key elements in both. Situating the two novels’ representations of women’s intimacy in their socio-literary contexts, I analyze the ways in which they utilize models like the «fiamma», romantic friendship, sisterhood, and female husbands. Neither author identifies as lesbian or queer; thus my close reading of the frankly sexual and deeply romantic scenes between female characters seeks not to assign the writers or their books to a category, but rather to elaborate the queer dimensions of relationality that they explore. Ultimately, I propose that a significant part of what makes these queer, lesbian, and transmasculine representations possible is a shared feminist project of reading, writing, and rewriting from one’s own perspective: dalla parte di lei. In this sense, what Ferrante’s narrator-protagonist Giovanna owes to de Céspedes’ narrator-protagonist Alessandra is not only the possibility of a queer life and a feminist voice, but the potential for narrating queer feminist experience as relational.
Determination of Lead and Cadmium Levels in Water and Fish Muscle in Elshajara Area, Khartoum State-Sudan
Authors: Mhmoud Moatez Mohammed Elhassan , Elnasri Hind A. 
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to investigate the levels of lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) in water and fish muscle obtained from Elshajara area - Khartoum - Sudan. This area is located near one of the important factories in the country and is also an important fishing site.
A total of 60 samples (30 water and 30 fish muscles) were obtained from 3 different sites in the targeted area. The levels of Pb and Cd were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.
The overall mean level of Pb and Cd in water samples were 0.148±0.0104 µg/l and 0.014±0.002 µg/l, respectively. Regarding the fish samples, the levels of Pb and Cd were 0.28480±0.018 µg/kg and 0.027±0.004, respectively. The levels were below WHO acceptable limits.
The level Pb and Cd in water and fish obtained from area B were the highest because this site is closest to the factory effluent site and thus the high levels.
Adopting proper water disposal systems for factories and other industrial facilities is necessary to avoid contamination of the ecosystem. This may in the long run affect the human health through consumption of food contaminated with such metals.
UV Irradiation and Ozone Treatment of κ-Carrageenan: Kinetics and Products Characteristics
Authors: Prasetyaningrum Aji , Widayat Widayat , Jos Bakti , Dharmawan Yudhy , Ratnawati Ratnawati 
Published: July 2020

The low molecular weight (LMW) of sulfated polysaccharides including k-carrageenan, is shows a wide spectrum of biological activities. This research investigates the influence of UV irradiation, ozone (O3), and the combination of O3/UV methods on the depolymerization of k-carrageenan. The depolymerization kinetics of k-carrageenan using the Advanced Oxidation Process (UV/O3) was also studied. Furthermore, the intrinsic viscosity method was used to determine the average molecular weight of the research sample, and a mathematical model was developed to predict the kinetic rate constant, as a function of ozone dosage and UV irradiation intensity. Therefore, the physicochemical and morphological properties of the degraded k-carrageenan were analyzed by FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The intrinsic viscosity k-carrageenan decreases with increasing UV light intensity and ozone concentration. The combination of UV/O3 treatment appeared to be more effective than the individual approaches, as the highest kinetic rate constant for depolymerization was 1.924×10-4 min-1, using 125 mg/L ozone concentration and 40 mW/cm2 of UV lamp intensity. This research also evaluated the relationship between various experimental conditions, including UV lamp power dissipation and ozone concentration on the reaction kinetics model, and the results suggest that lower effect is contributed by UV irradiation intensity. In addition, FT-IR spectra showed the absence of any significant change in the functional properties of k-carrageenan treated with UV and O3 processes, although the morphological properties of the LMW k-carrageenan were rougher and more porous than the native k-carrageenan. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Selective Reduction of Southeast Sulawesi Nickel Laterite using Palm Kernel Shell Charcoal: Kinetic Studies with Addition of Na2SO4 and NaCl as Additives
Authors: Shofi Achmad , Supriyatna Yayat Iman , Prasetyo Agus Budi 
Published: July 2020

The aim of the reduction process is to concentrate nickel at high temperatures with a certain carbonaceous material as a reducing agent. The use of chemicals like Na2SO4 and NaCl in the reduction process can increase the content and recovery of nickel in ferronickel concentrates. A selective reduction of laterite nickel was carried out in a non-isothermal and an isothermal using palm kernel shell charcoal as a reductant and with Na2SO4 and NaCl as additives. Firstly, the raw material is made into a pellet and dried in an oven at 100 °C for two hours. The pellets are weighed before and after the reduction process. The non-isothermal reduction process used the Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) method from a temperature of 100 to 1300 °C, with a heat rate of 10 °C per minute. The isothermal reduction at temperatures 500, 600, 700, 950, 1050, and 1150 °C occurred with a reduction time of 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The analysis is Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) to determine the content of nickel and iron from the reduction process, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to see changes in the phases formed after the selective reduction process, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM-EDX) for viewing the microstructure of the phase. The Differential Thermal Analyzer-Temperature Gravimetric Analysis (DTA-TGA) results show the endothermic at 256 °C, and the exothermic peak at 935 °C with a total mass loss of 42.15% at 1238 °C. The shrinking core model was used for the kinetic studies of the reduction process. The closest kinetic model to the experimental results is the Ginstling-Brounshtein model, with an activation energy value of 8.73 kcal/mol. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
A Copper Silicide Nanofoam Current Collector for Directly Grown Si Nanowire Networks and their Application as Lithium‐Ion Anodes
Authors: Aminu Ibrahim Saana , Geaney Hugh , Imtiaz Sumair , Adegoke Temilade E. , Kapuria Nilotpal , Collins Gearoid A. , Ryan Kevin M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSilicon nanowires (Si NWs) have been identified as an excellent candidate material for the replacement of graphite in anodes, allowing for a significant boost in the capacity of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, high‐density Si NWs are grown on a novel 3D interconnected network of binary‐phase Cu‐silicide nanofoam (3D CuxSiy NF) substrate. The nanofoam facilitates the uniform distribution of well‐segregated and small‐sized catalyst seeds, leading to high‐density/single‐phase Si NW growth with an areal‐loading in excess of 1.0 mg cm−2 and a stable areal capacity of ≈2.0 mAh cm−2 after 550 cycles. The use of the 3D CuxSiy NF as a substrate is further extended for Al, Bi, Cu, In, Mn, Ni, Sb, Sn, and Zn mediated Si NW growth, demonstrating the general applicability of the anode architecture.
Surface‐Mediated Interconnections of Nanoparticles in Cellulosic Fibrous Materials toward 3D Sensors
Authors: Yan Shan , Shan Shiyao , Wen Jianguo , Li Jing , Kang Ning , Wu Zhipeng , Lombardi Jack , Cheng Han‐Wen , Wang Jie , Luo Jin , He Ning , Mott Derrick , Wang Lichang , Ge Qingfeng , Hsiao Benjamin S. , Poliks Mark , Zhong Chuan‐Jian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFibrous materials serve as an intriguing class of 3D materials to meet the growing demands for flexible, foldable, biocompatible, biodegradable, disposable, inexpensive, and wearable sensors and the rising desires for higher sensitivity, greater miniaturization, lower cost, and better wearability. The use of such materials for the creation of a fibrous sensor substrate that interfaces with a sensing film in 3D with the transducing electronics is however difficult by conventional photolithographic methods. Here, a highly effective pathway featuring surface‐mediated interconnection (SMI) of metal nanoclusters (NCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) in fibrous materials at ambient conditions is demonstrated for fabricating fibrous sensor substrates or platforms. Bimodally distributed gold–copper alloy NCs and NPs are used as a model system to demonstrate the semiconductive‐to‐metallic conductivity transition, quantized capacitive charging, and anisotropic conductivity characteristics. Upon coupling SMI of NCs/NPs as electrically conductive microelectrodes and surface‐mediated assembly (SMA) of the NCs/NPs as chemically sensitive interfaces, the resulting fibrous chemiresistors function as sensitive and selective sensors for gaseous and vaporous analytes. This new SMI–SMA strategy has significant implications for manufacturing high‐performance fibrous platforms to meet the growing demands of the advanced multifunctional sensors and biosensors.
A Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization to Benzo[b]indeno[1,2‐e][1,4]diazepines from o‐Phenylenediamines and Ynones
Authors: Xie Fukai , Zhang Bo , Chen Yanyu , Jia Hongwei , Sun Lei , Zhuang Kaitong , Yin Lili , Cheng Maosheng , Lin Bin , Liu Yongxiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA gold‐catalyzed tandem cyclization of o‐phenylenediamines with ynones to synthesize benzo[b]indeno[1,2‐e][1,4]diazepine has been developed. The mechanism was explored by control experiments. The method provides a way to access a range of benzo[b]indeno[1,2‐e][1,4]diazepine derivatives in diversity‐oriented synthesis aiming at discovering structurally diverse scaffolds.magnified image
Enabling High‐Energy Solid‐State Batteries with Stable Anode Interphase by the Use of Columnar Silicon Anodes
Authors: Cangaz Sahin , Hippauf Felix , Reuter Florian Steffen , Doerfler Susanne , Abendroth Thomas , Althues Holger , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) with silicon anodes are promising candidates to overcome energy limitations of conventional lithium‐ion batteries. However, silicon undergoes severe volume changes during cycling leading to rapid degradation. In this study, a columnar silicon anode (col‐Si) fabricated by a scalable physical vapor deposition process (PVD) is integrated in all‐solid‐state batteries based on argyrodite‐type electrolyte (Li6PS5Cl, 3 mS cm−1) and Ni‐rich layered oxide cathodes (LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2, NCM) with a high specific capacity (210 mAh g−1). The column structure exhibits a 1D breathing mechanism similar to lithium, which preserves the interface toward the electrolyte. Stable cycling is demonstrated for more than 100 cycles with a high coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.7–99.9% in full cells with industrially relevant areal loadings of 3.5 mAh cm−2, which is the highest value reported so far for ASSB full cells with silicon anodes. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that anode resistance is drastically reduced after first lithiation, which allows high charging currents of 0.9 mA cm−2 at room temperature without the occurrence of dendrites and short circuits. Finally, in‐operando monitoring of pouch cells gave valuable insights into the breathing behavior of the solid‐state cell.
Personal Outcomes in Community‐based Participatory Research Partnerships: A Cross‐site Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Rodríguez Espinosa Patricia , Sussman Andrew , Pearson Cynthia R. , Oetzel John G. , Wallerstein Nina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCommunity‐based participatory research (CBPR) has been embraced by diverse populations to address health inequities within their communities. CBPR has been shown to produce favorable health outcomes, but little is known about personal outcomes (e.g., individual growth and capacities) resulting from the direct involvement in a CBPR partnership. We empirically examine which CBPR partnerships’ processes and practices are associated with personal outcomes. We hypothesize that higher levels of collaborative approaches and adherence to CBPR principles and practices would be associated with personal outcomes. Based on a national cross‐site CBPR study, Research for Improved Health, we utilized mixed‐method data from a comprehensive community‐engagement survey (N = 450) and seven in‐depth case studies to explore the hypothesized relationships. Our multivariate mixed‐effects model revealed the importance of various partnering practices. Relationship dynamics emerged as key predictors including the following: respect in the partnership, voice and influence in decision‐making among partners, and stewardship. Qualitative findings highlighted individual, partnership, and community‐level impacts, within and beyond the partnership. Our findings have implications for CBPR best practices and highlight the potential role of personal outcomes for partnerships’ sustainability, long‐term outcomes, and health equity research.
Farber disease in a patient from China
Authors: Bao Xudong , Ma Mingsheng , Zhang Zhenjie , Xu Yiwen , Qiu Zhengqing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFarber disease (FD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutation of the ASAH1 gene. Classic symptoms of FD include subcutaneous nodules, joint pain and hoarseness. Most patients die during childhood. Here we report a 25‐year‐old female FD patient with rare osteolytic changes of bilateral hands and toes. Genetic analysis revealed novel compound heterozygous mutations in the ASAH1 gene (c.427T>G and c.358G>C). Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiological course.
Accuracy of point‐of‐care intestinal ultrasound for Crohn's disease
Authors: Wright Emily K. , Wang Ian , Wong Darren , Bell Sally J. , Connell William R. , Thompson Alexander J. , Novak Kerri L. , Kamm Michael A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPoint‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS), performed by a gastroenterologist, provides safe and convenient imaging allowing for immediate clinical decision in Crohn's disease. The minimum training required to gain competency, its accuracy and clinical utility requires evaluation.MethodsIn this pilot study, Crohn's disease activity and extent were assessed using POCUS (performed by a single gastroenterologist following the completion of 200 supervised scans), magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and ileo‐colonoscopy. The presence of complications was assessed by POCUS and MRE. Accuracy of POCUS was analysed with respect to MRE and ileo‐colonoscopy. Agreement between modalities was assessed using kappa coefficient.ResultsForty‐two patients had a POCUS paired with MRE. Thirty‐eight patients had a POCUS paired with ileo‐colonoscopy. When compared to MRE, POCUS was accurate in the assessment of disease activity (sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 61.1%, ROC 0.74), extent (sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 83.3%, ROC 0.81) and complications (sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 94.3%, ROC 0.90). Agreement between POCUS and MRE was moderate (kappa estimates 0.50, P < 0.001, 0.61, P < 0.001 and 0.76, P < 0.001) for disease activity, extent and complications, respectively. When compared to ileo‐colonoscopy, POCUS was accurate in the assessment of disease activity (sensitivity 72%, specificity 86%, ROC 0.79) and extent (sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 86%, ROC 0.86). For POCUS and ileo‐colonoscopy, kappa estimates were 0.55, P < 0.001 for disease activity and 0.62, P < 0.001 for disease extent.ConclusionPOCUS performed by a gastroenterologist after completion of limited training is accurate for assessing Crohn's disease activity, extent and the presence of complications.
Openwork@Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Lactate Depletion and Tumor Microenvironment Regulation
Authors: Tang Jie , Meka Anand Kumar , Theivendran Shevanuja , Wang Yue , Yang Yannan , Song Hao , Fu Jianye , Ban Wenhuang , Gu Zhengying , Lei Chang , Li Shumin , Yu Chengzhong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe direct depletion of lactate accumulated in the tumor microenvironment holds promise for cancer therapy but remains challenging. Herein, we report a one‐pot synthesis of openwork@ dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (ODMSNs) to address this problem. ODMSNs self‐assembled through a time‐resolved lamellar growth mechanism feature an openworked core and a dendritic shell, both constructed by silica nanosheets of ≈3 nm. With a large pore size, high surface area and pore volume, ODMSNs exhibited a high loading capacity (>0.7 g g−1) of lactate oxidase (LOX) and enabled intratumoral lactate depletion by >99.9 %, leading to anti‐angiogenesis, down‐regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor, and increased tumor hypoxia. The latter event facilitates the activation of a co‐delivered prodrug for enhancing anti‐tumor and anti‐metastasis efficacy. This study provides an innovative nano‐delivery system and demonstrates the first example of direct lactate‐depletion‐enabled chemotherapy.
Tuning Single‐Molecule Conductance in Metalloporphyrin‐Based Wires via Supramolecular Interactions
Authors: Aragonès Albert C. , Martín‐Rodríguez Alejandro , Aravena Daniel , Puigmartí‐Luis Josep , Amabilino David B. , Aliaga‐Alcalde Núria , González‐Campo Arántzazu , Ruiz Eliseo , Díez‐Pérez Ismael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNature has developed supramolecular constructs to deliver outstanding charge‐transport capabilities using metalloporphyrin‐based supramolecular arrays. Herein we incorporate simple, naturally inspired supramolecular interactions via the axial complexation of metalloporphyrins into the formation of a single‐molecule wire in a nanoscale gap. Small structural changes in the axial coordinating linkers result in dramatic changes in the transport properties of the metalloporphyrin‐based wire. The increased flexibility of a pyridine‐4‐yl‐methanethiol ligand due to an extra methyl group, as compared to a more rigid 4‐pyridinethiol linker, allows the pyridine‐4‐yl‐methanethiol ligand to adopt an unexpected highly conductive stacked structure between the two junction electrodes and the metalloporphyrin ring. DFT calculations reveal a molecular junction structure composed of a shifted stack of the two pyridinic linkers and the metalloporphyrin ring. In contrast, the more rigid 4‐mercaptopyridine ligand presents a more classical lifted octahedral coordination of the metalloporphyrin metal center, leading to a longer electron pathway of lower conductance. This works opens to supramolecular electronics, a concept already exploited in natural organisms.
Identifying the Geometric Site Dependence of Spinel Oxides for the Electrooxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Lu Yuxuan , Dong Chung‐Li , Huang Yu‐Cheng , Zou Yuqin , Liu Zhijuan , Liu Yanbo , Li Yingying , He Nihan , Shi Jianqiao , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCo‐based spinel oxides, which are of mixing valences with the presence of both Co2+ and Co3+ at different atom locations, are considered as promising catalysts for the electrochemical oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Identifying the role of each atom site in the electroxidation of HMF is critical to design the advanced electrocatalysts. In this work, we found that Co2+Td in Co3O4 is capable of chemical adsorption for acidic organic molecules, and Co3+Oh play a decisive role in HMF oxidation. Thereafter, the Cu2+ was introduced in spinel oxides to enhance the exposure degree of Co3+ and to boost acidic adsorption and thus to enhance the electrocatalytic activity for HMF electrooxidation significantly.