bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental Modeling of Decarbonation Reactions Resulting in Mg,Fe-garnets and CO2 fluid at the Mantle P–T parameters
Authors: Bataleva Yu.V. , Novoselov I.D. , Kruk A.N. , Furman O.V. , Reutsky V.N. , Palyanov Yu.N. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
—Experimental modeling of decarbonation reactions with the formation of Mg,Fe-garnets and CO2 fluid during mantle–crust interactions was carried out in a wide range of the upper-mantle pressures and temperatures. Experimental studies were performed in the MgCO3–Al2O3–SiO2 and (Mg,Fe)CO3–Al2O3–SiO2 systems in the pressure range 3.0–7.5 GPa and temperature range 950–1450 °C (t = 10– 60 h), using a multianvil high-pressure apparatus of the “split-sphere” type (BARS). Experiments were carried out with a specially designed high-pressure buffered cell with a hematite container that prevents the diffusion of hydrogen into a Pt-capsule with a sample. It has been experimentally established that in the MgCO3–Al2O3–SiO2 system decarbonation occurs by the schematic reaction MgCO3 + SiO2 + Al2O3 → Mg3Al2Si3O12 + CO2 at 1100 ± 20 °C (3.0 GPa), 1150 ± 20 °C (6.3 GPa), and 1400 ± 20 °C (7.5 GPa) and in the (Mg,Fe)CO3–Al2O3– SiO2 system, by the reaction (Mg,Fe)CO3 + SiO2 + Al2O3 → (Mg,Fe)3Al2Si3O12 + CO2 at 1000 ± 20 °C (3.0 GPa), 1150 ± 20 °C (6.3 GPa), and 1400 ± 20 °C (7.5 GPa). Based on Raman spectroscopic characterization of the synthesized garnets, the position of the main modes R, υ2, and υ1 in the pyrope has been determined to be 364, 562, and 924–925 cm-1, respectively, and that in pyrope-almandine, 350–351, 556–558, and 918–919 cm-1. The effectiveness of the hematite container was demonstrated by means of mass spectrometry analysis. It has been found that the fluid composition corresponded to pure CO2 in all experiments. The P,T-positions of decarbonation curves leading to the formation of a CO2 fluid in assemblage with pyrope and pyrope-almandine have been experimentally reconstructed and compared with the previous calculation and experimental data. It has been established that the experimentally reproduced reaction lines with the formation of pyrope + CO2 or pyrope-almandine + CO2 assemblages are shifted to lower temperatures by 50–150 °C relative to the calculated ones. When considering the obtained results with regard to the stability of natural carbonates of various compositions in subduction settings, it has been found that at depths of ~90–190 km Mg,Fe-carbonates react with oxides in the temperature range 1000–1250 °C, and at depths of ~225 km, at 1400 °C.
Crystallographic Orientation and Geochemical Features of Mineral Inclusions in Diamonds
Authors: Sobolev N.V. , Seryotkin Yu.V. , Logvinova A.M. , Pavlushin A.D. , Ugap’eva S.S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
—The orientation of 76 mineral inclusions represented by olivine (25 inclusions), pyrope (13 inclusions), and magnesiochromite (38 inclusions) was measured in 16 diamond samples from the major primary diamond deposits of Yakutia: Mir, Udachnaya, Internatsionalnaya, Aikhal, and Yubileynaya kimberlite pipes. The novelty of the study is that it provides a special purposeful approach to selection of samples containing not only olivine inclusions that have been extensively studied in the most recent years after the publication of the book Carbon in Earth (2013). The present collection accounts for more than 25% of all samples studied across the world and includes the most typical mineral inclusions of the predominant peridotitic paragenesis in almost all known kimberlites. Both this experiment and similar studies conducted by foreign colleagues in 2014–2019 have found no inclusions whose orientation meets the epitaxial criterion. Only single magnesiochromite inclusions in three diamonds demonstrate an orientation close to the regular one. A significant correlation between the carbon isotope composition and the mineral composition of inclusions of peridotitic and eclogitic paragenesis diamonds as well as the lack of a correlation with other properties may be considered one of the geochemical features. However, given the numerous published and proprietary data demonstrating the complex diamond growth history and, in some cases, wide variations in the composition of mineral inclusions in different zones, along with the difference in their morphology, the authors a believe that syngenetic and protogenetic inclusions can coexist in the same diamond. This is also confirmed by the discoveries of diamondiferous peridotite and eclogite xenoliths in kimberlites where diamonds are completely enclosed in garnet or olivine. Of particular note is the constant presence of heavy hydrocarbons (rel.%), from pentane (C5H12) to hexadecane (C16H34), that are predominant in fluid inclusions in kimberlite and placer diamonds as well as in pyrope and olivine of diamondiferous peridotite xenoliths.
Successful Treatment of Patients with Refractory High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer withGOPC-ROS1Fusion Using Crizotinib: A Case Report
Authors: Dong Dapeng , Shen Ge , Da Yong , Zhou Ming , Yang Gang , Yuan Mingming , Chen Rongrong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecently, multiple poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have demonstrated excellent efficacy among patients with ovarian cancer with or without BRCA mutations. However, alternative therapeutic options are urgently required for patients who cannot benefit from conventional chemotherapy or PARP inhibitors.Case PresentationA patient with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma presented to our clinic after developing resistance to chemotherapy. Paired tumor-normal next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using peripheral blood to identify potential actionable mutations. NGS revealed the patient harboring a GOPC-ROS1 fusion, which was subsequently verified using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. No germline or somatic mutation in BRCA1/2 or mismatch repair genes was detected. Therefore, the patient received crizotinib treatment. A rapid, favorable clinical response (partial response at 1 month) was observed, with further pathological response monitored and evaluated in follow-up interrogation.ConclusionThis study suggested that crizotinib was an off-the-shelf, practical, and ostensibly effective treatment option for patients with ovarian cancer with ROS1 rearrangement. NGS-based genetic testing may guide to plan therapeutic paradigms, and render precision medicine promising in ovarian cancer treatment.Implications for PracticeDespite the previous report of ROS1 fusion in patients with ovarian cancer, it remains unknown whether patients can benefit from targeted therapeutic drugs. This study reports a GOPC-ROS1 fusion identified by next-generation sequencing in a patient with chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer. The patient was administered crizotinib and showed rapid, remarkable response. This study suggests that comprehensive sequencing should be offered for patients with ovarian cancer without effective therapeutic strategies, and crizotinib can be used to treat ROS1-rearranged ovarian carcinomas.
Algorithms in Finding All the 4 by 4 Magic Matrices
Authors: Chen Zheng 
Published: July 2020

In this paper, based on the Gauss-Jordan elimination to solve linear systems, the algorithms for finding all the magic matrices of size 4 by 4 are developed and discussed, and the efficiency of the algorithms is tested after complementing the algorithms in MATLAB. The total magic matrices of 4 by 4 can be found with the program; for completeness and explaining the algorithms, the case of 3 by 3 is also included.
A 12 weeks, randomized and double-blind evaluation of the efficacy of oral supplements of probiotics (Lactogut and Lactogut Kidz) on atopic dermatitis in adults and children
Authors: Chandrashekar B. S. , Agarwal Rashmi , Nayak Preethi B. , Vijayraghavan S. , Deshmukh Atul A. 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral probiotics in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) using the scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) index, serum IgE levels and absolute eosinophil count (AEC). The secondary objective of the study was to determine the association of oral probiotic therapy and improvement in AD using global photographs, dermoscopic images (fotofinder) and individual patient satisfaction.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a randomized, double-blind study conducted on 70 patients (20 adults and 50 children) with moderate to severe AD. The participants were randomized into control arm and treatment arm. The treatment arm received conventional and probiotic therapy and only conventional therapy was provided to the control arm. The research was carried out in five visits. For each visit, SCORAD was calculated and response compared using clinical and videodermoscopic images. Patient satisfaction was documented using a quality of life questionnaire during each visit.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Across the treatment arm, the mean serum IgE levels were greatly decreased in contrast to the control arm over the 12 weeks period. SCORAD score was significantly lowered in the treatment arm (55.20%) compared with 18.95% in the control arm. Dermoscopic assessment, global photographic assessment and patient satisfaction in the treatment arm showed statistically significant improvement in AD compared to the control arm.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The decrease in SCORAD scores demonstrated strong associations with the use of probiotics in patients with AD as an adjunct to conventional therapy. Thus, in both adults and children suffering from moderate to severe AD, probiotic supplement can be administered effectively as an adjunct therapy.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
MARIA DO CARMO E LENITA: A REPRESENTAÇÃO DA PROFESSORA E DA LEITORA EM A NORMALISTA (1895) E A CARNE (1888)
Authors: Rodrigues de Oliveira Marina 
Published: July 2020

Inserido em um contexto histórico de muitas mudanças, o Realismo-Naturalismo tornou-se um movimento literário que, além de mostrar os costumes da sociedade brasileira do século XIX, também teceu fortes críticas à mesma. Nesta realidade, as obras A carne (1888), escrita por Júlio Ribeiro, e A normalista (1895), por Adolfo Caminha, irão se destacar, uma vez que abordam, respectivamente, a figura da mulher enquanto leitora, representada pela protagonista Lenita, e da professora, simbolizada por Maria do Carmo, mostrando como ambas, devido à educação que recebem, acabam por transcender os papéis sociais geralmente delegados às mulheres da época (mãe / esposa), seja na ficção, ou na realidade. Para tanto, este estudo buscará relacionar a temática em questão ao contexto educacional do século XIX, utilizando referenciais teóricos da História da Educação - Ana de Oliveira Galvão (1998), Dermeval Saviani (2013), Guacira Lopes Louro (2015), Heloísa de O. S. Vilela (2016) e Luciano Mendes de Faria Filho (2016) – , de estudo sobre a leitura– Eliana M. Yunes (1995), João Wanderley Geraldi (2002) e Annie Rouxel (2012) – e Crítica Literária - Jeová Santana (1998), Roberto Schwarz (2003), Regina Zilberman (2004), Sarah Maria Forte Diogo (2011), Angela Maria Rubel Fanini e Gabrielle Mendes (2014) –
O BRASIL NA REPÚBLICA DA BRUZUNDANGA
Authors: Assis Lucia Maria de , Rocha Carneiro André 
Published: July 2020

Neste trabalho, examina-se o livro Os Bruzundangas, composto por crônicas ficcionais escritas por Lima Barreto. Nele, há um narrador brasileiro que morou na Bruzundanga, um país distante e diferente do Brasil. Trata-se de uma visão satirizada, pois, como o próprio nome diz, Bruzundanga é um país de palavrório que não leva a nada. Nesta obra, o literato critica a língua preciosista; a literatura empolada e fútil; as instituições de ensino dedicadas à aristocracia; o ensino público; a reforma urbana em nome de um retrato afrancesado do país; e a República que deseja um Rio de Janeiro sem negros e pobres.

Palavras-chave: Lima Barreto; Bruzundanga; crônica ficcional; literatura militante.
Letter of Credit Disputes from an Arbitration Perspective
Authors: Aladwan Zaid 
Published: July 2020

In a recent study, it might not be possible to refer letter of credit fraud cases to arbitration instead of litigation. Alavi’s research suggested that there could be some obstacles, such as obtaining banks’ response and cooperation; the different and high standards of proof of fraud required; and the difficulty in obtaining an injunction. His study answered a question proposed by Blodgett and Mayer as to whether arbitration would ever take place in letter of credit disputes. This short research paper will answer this question, but from a different angle: whether arbitration will provide more appropriate judgments (award) than litigation regarding letter of credit disputes. This question arises from the writer’s observation that, in the past twenty years, different judgments have been issued for similar disputes.
The Miserable Loss from Yemeni Conflict: Can International Law Provide Reparation for Mental Injury?
Authors: Nuriasih Komang Ayu , Arsika I Made Budi 
Published: July 2020

As the home of the world’s worst humanitarian crisis, Yemen can be an example to reveal how horrifying the mental health issues in conflicting areas can be. Since 2014, the ongoing conflict in Yemen has been resulting not merely in physical losses and injuries, but also mental catastrophe as its inevitable consequence. This article is a legal research that aims to analyze how mental injuries or psychological damages are being acknowledged as a real impact of armed conflict, to further be considered as a precondition for the reparation at the end of the conflict. The article suggests that the acknowledgment of the mental impacts of armed conflict needs to be taken into concern and consideration, especially from the perspective of hard laws related to the IHL. Besides, the approach of soft law can be applied in attribution with the ongoing conflict in Yemen.
STUDENTS’ RESPONSE TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CASE BASED LEARNING (CBL) BASED HOTS IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Arianto Handika , Fauziyah Hanin Niswatul 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon peserta didik terhadap model pembelajaran Case Based Learning (CBL) berbasis HOTS di salah satu SMP Negeri Kabupaten Ponorogo. Instrumen dalam penelitian adalah kuisioner dan wawancara. Data yang telah diperoleh ditabulasi dalam Microsoft Excel kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, nilai rata-rata kuisioner peserta didik sebesar 3,2. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa respon peserta didik terhadap model pembelajaran Case Based Learning (CBL) berbasis HOTS sangat baik. Model pembelajaran Case Based Learning (CBL) berbasis HOTS membuat peserta didik senang, termotivasi, dan semakin aktif dalam pembelajaran.
River flow sequence feature extraction and prediction using an enhanced sparse autoencoder
Authors: Qian Lipeng , Li Junfeng , Liu Changzheng , Tao Junhong , Chen Fulong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
For the prediction of river flow sequence, owing to the non-stationariness and randomness of the sequence, the prediction accuracy of extreme river flow is not enough. In this study, the sparse factor of the loss function in a sparse autoencoder was enhanced using the inverse method of simulated annealing (ESA), and the river flow of the Kenswat Station in the Manas River Basin in northern Xinjiang, China, at 9:00, 15:00, and 20:00 daily during June, July, and August in 1998–2000 was considered as the study sequence. When the initial values of the sparse factor β0 are 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25, the experiment is designed with 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 neurons, respectively, in the hidden layer to explore the relationship between the output characteristics of the hidden layer, and the original river flow sequence after the network is trained with various sparse factors and different numbers of neurons in the hidden layer. Meanwhile, the orthogonal experimental groups ESA1, ESA2, ESA3, ESA4, and ESA5 were designed to predict the daily average river flow in September 2000 and compared with the prediction results of the support vector machine (SVM) and the feedforward neural network (FFNN). The results indicate that after the ESA training, the output of the hidden layer consists of a large number of features of the original river flow sequence, and the boundaries of these features can reflect the river flow series with large changes. The upper bound of the features can reflect the characteristics of the river flow during the flood. Meanwhile, the prediction results of the orthogonal experiment groups indicate that when the number of neurons in the hidden layer is 90 and β0 = 15, the ESA has the best prediction effect on the sequence. In particular, the fitting effect on the day of ‘swelling up’ of the river flow is more satisfactory than that of SVM and FFNN. The results are significant, as they provide a guide for exploring the evolution of the river flow under drought and flood as well as for optimally dispatching and managing water resources.
Coliform bacteria and salt content as drinking water challenges at sand dams in Kenya
Authors: Graber Neufeld Doug , Muendo Bernard , Muli Joseph , Kanyari James 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Sand dams can be an effective community-scale solution to increasing water supplies in some arid and semi-arid regions, but there are few studies that have investigated water quality at sand dams. This study investigated the levels of coliform bacteria and salt content as parameters of potential concern. Most water taken from sand dam sources had fecal coliforms present. Median fecal coliforms were in the range of 150–800 cfu/100 ml for unprotected sources (scoop holes, surface water or hand dug wells), levels which are considered high or very high health risk. Pump wells had less contamination, with fecal coliforms detected in one-third of samples in the dry season. Despite this contamination, user surveys indicated that 74% of communities generally view water as clean for drinking, and 72% reported that no or few people in their community treat their water. Salt content in the dry season was in the poor or unacceptable range (above 900 ppm as total dissolved solids) in 33% of water samples. Results suggest that fecal coliforms and salt content represent two types of challenges to water quality at sand dams: fecal coliforms are a health hazard, whereas high salt content potentially reduces the amount of usable water that is available.
Characterization of landfill leachate by spectral-based surrogate measurements during a combination of different biological processes and activated carbon adsorption
Authors: Shao Chenjia , Yang Yongyuan , Liu Ze , Wang Qiaoling , Ji Zengwen , Wang Shijie , Demeestere Kristof , Guo Yaping , Hulle Stijn Van 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Surrogate measurements based on excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectra (EEMs) and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra (UV-vis) were used to monitor the evolution of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in landfill leachate during a combination of biological and physical-chemical treatment consisting of partial nitritation-anammox (PN-Anammox) or nitrification-denitrification (N-DN) combined with granular active carbon adsorption (GAC). PN-Anammox resulted in higher nitrogen removal (81%), whereas N-DN required addition of an external carbon source to increase nitrogen removal from 24% to 56%. Four DOM components (C1 to C4) were identified by excitation-emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC). N-DN showed a greater ability to remove humic-like components (C1 and C3), while the protein-like component (C4) was better removed by PN-Anammox. Both biological treatment processes showed limited removal of the medium molecular humic-like component (C2). In addition, the synergistic effect of biological treatments and adsorption was studied. The combination of PN-Anammox and GAC adsorption could remove C4 completely and also showed a good removal efficiency for C1 and C2. The Thomas model of adsorption revealed that GAC had the maximum adsorption capacity for PN-Anammox treated leachate. This study demonstrated better removal of nitrogen and fluorescence DOM by a combination of PN-Anammox and GAC adsorption, and provides practical and technical support for improved landfill leachate treatment.
New formulations for prediction of velocity at limit of deposition in storm sewers based on a stochastic technique
Authors: Tafarojnoruz Ali , Sharafati Ahmad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSedimentation in storm sewers strongly depends on velocity at limit of deposition. This study provides application of a novel stochastic-based model to predict the densimetric Froude number in sewer pipes. In this way, the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) is used to develop two parametric equations, called GLUE-based four-parameter and GLUE-based two-parameter (GBTP) models to enhance the prediction accuracy of the velocity at the limit of deposition. A number of performance indices are calculated in training and testing phases to compare the developed models with the conventional regression-based equations available in the literature. Based on the obtained performance indices and some graphical techniques, the research findings confirm that a significant enhancement in prediction performance is achieved through the proposed GBTP compared with the previously developed formulas in the literature. To make a quantified comparison between the established and literature models, an index, called improvement index (IM), is computed. This index is a resultant of all the selected indices, and this indicator demonstrates that GBTP is capable of providing the most performance improvement in both training () and testing () phases, comparing with a well-known formula in this context.
Aerobic biodegradation pathways of pentabromobiphenyl ethers (BDE-99) and enhanced degradation in membrane bioreactor system
Authors: Zhang Ke , Yang Siqiao , Luo Hongbing , Wang Wei , Wu Xiangling , Chen Jian , Chen Wei , Chen Jia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A bacterial strain capable of efficiently degrading pentabromobiphenyl ether (BDE-99) was isolated from activated sludge and named as NLPSJ-22. This strain was highly close to Pseudomonas asplenii with 100% similarity. The degradation products of BDE-99 were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The biochemical degradation pathways analysis indicated that BDE-99 gradually transformed to diphenyl ether by meta-, para- and ortho-debromination. It became phenol under the action of ring-opening cracking and finally entered the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The degradation of BDE-99 by strain NLPSJ-22 conformed to the first-order reaction kinetics. Rhamnolipid significantly improved the cell-surface hydrophobicity and the degradation of BDE-99. The highest degradation efficiency (96%) was achieved when diphenyl ether as co-metabolic substrate was added. In the bioaugmentation membrane bioreactor (MBR) system, BDE-99 was intensively degraded, and the reactor reached a steady state in about 35 days. The degradation rate of BDE-99 was over 80%, which was significantly higher than that of the control system. MiSeq sequencing results indicated that the genera of Rhodococcus, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Sphingobium were the predominant bacterial communities responsible for BDE-99 biodegradation in the MBR. Pseudomonas increased significantly in the bioaugmented reactor with the relative abundance increasing from 5% to 24%.