bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fragmentation analysis of 105Ag∗ nucleus governed via complete and incomplete fusion channels at Ec.m. = 89MeV
Authors: Sharma Ishita , Sharma Manoj K. 
Published: February 2020

A systematic study of dynamical aspects associated with heavy-ion-induced [Formula: see text] reaction is carried out at center-of-mass energy [Formula: see text] MeV. The complete fusion (CF) and incomplete fusion (ICF) contributions are estimated by using the dynamical cluster-decay model (DCM). The incomplete fusion component is examined by normalizing the incident beam energy for each of the breakup fragment. The fusion evaporation cross-sections that emerged from CF and ICF channels are duly addressed using the optimized value of neck-length parameter [Formula: see text]. Further, the mass yield of compound nuclei (CN) formed in the CF and ICF processes is analyzed with respect to angular momentum [Formula: see text] values. The DCM-based calculations indicate the possible contribution of deep inelastic collision (DIC) in the decay of [Formula: see text] at higher [Formula: see text] values, and DIC cross-sections are predicted which call for future validation.
A new species of the genus Xya Latreille, 1809 from Fujian, China (Orthoptera, Tridctyloidea, Tridactylidae)
Authors: CAO CHENG-QUAN , CHEN SHEN-ZHI , YIN ZHAN 
Published: February 2020

The genus Xya Latreille, 1808 obtains 58 known species in the world, among them 18 species distributed in Asia and 8 species in China only i.e. Xya japonica (Haan, 1842), Xya riparia (Saussure, 1877), Xya nitobei (Shiraki, 1911), Xya apicicornis (Chopard, 1928), Xya manchurei Shiraki, 1936, Xya lehsanensis Cao et al, 2017, Xya sichuanensis Cao et al, 2018, Xya shandongensis, Zhang et al, 2018; [Latreille, 1809; Haan, 1844; Walker, 1871; Saussure, 1877, 1896; Brunner von Wattenwyl. 1893; Bolivar, 1900(1899); Shiraki,1911, 1936; Chopard, 1920, 1928, 1936, 1968; Tindale, 1928; Willemse, 1954; Bey-Bienko, 1967; Harz, 1970, 1971; Günther, 1974, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1990, 1995, 1998; Ingrisch, 1987, 2006; Baehr, 1988; Yin et al, 1996; Murai, 2005; Yin et al, 2013; Heads & Hollier, 2016; Kuravova & Kocarek, 2016; Cao et al, 2017; Cao et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2018; Cigliano, et al, 2019]. In the present paper, a new species of the genus Xya Latreille, 1809 from Fujian, China is described. The new species Xya fujianensis sp. nov. is similar to Xya lehsanensis Cao et al, 2017, but differs from the latter by head black, with a yellow band along inner margin of eye; pronotum black, with a white band on the lower margin; fore wing black, with two yellow spots near base and two yellow spots near top and hind femur black with two large yellow spots on upper side. Type specimens are deposited in the College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614004, China.
The clinical efficacy and experience of bipedicular percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with postural reduction in the treatment of Kümmell’s disease
Authors: Jiang Jiang , Gu Fu-long , Li Zhong-wei , Zhou Yi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Kümmell’s disease is a special type of osteoporotic vertebral fracture that causes chronic low back pain and deformity, which seriously affects the living quality of patients. PVP is commonly used to treat osteoporotic vertebral fractures and can quickly relieve low back pain. So, the objective of this study was to analyze the clinical efficacy and experience of bipedicular percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with postural reduction for the treatment of Kümmell’s disease.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with Kümmell’s disease who underwent bipedicular percutaneous vertebroplasty was conducted from February 2016 to May 2018. Operative time, VAS, bone cement injection volume, cement leakage rate, compression improvement of vertebral front edge and vertebral center, and correction degree of kyphosis were collected and analyzed meticulously.

Results
The operative time was 45.33 ± 7.64 min. The volume of bone cement injected was 5.38 ± 1.33 ml. The compression improvement of vertebral front edge was 7.31 ± 1.21%. The compression improvement of vertebral center was 10.34 ± 1.15% and the correction degree of kyphosis was − 2.73 ± 0.31゜. Bone cement leakage occurred in 6 of 39 patients (15.38%), but no clinical symptoms were observed. The VAS scores were significantly lower at 1 day after the surgery, 6 months and at the last follow-up than before the surgery (P = 0.000, respectively). The VAS score was lower at the last follow-up than at 1 day after the surgery (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Bipedicular percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with postural reduction could achieve satisfactory analgesic effect in the treatment of Kümmell’s disease, and restore the height of the vertebral body and improve kyphosis to some extent.
Sex differences in lymphoid follicles in COPD airways
Authors: Tam Anthony , Tanabe Naoya , Churg Andrew , Wright Joanne L. , Hogg James C. , Sin Don D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Female smokers have increased risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with male smokers who have a similar history of cigarette smoke exposure. Tertiary lymphoid follicles are often found in the lungs of patients with severe COPD but sex-related differences have not been previously investigated. We determined the impact of female sex hormones on chronic cigarette smoke-induced expression of lymphoid aggregates in mice with COPD-like pathologies.

Methods
Lymphoid aggregate counts, total aggregate cross-sectional area and foamy macrophage counts were determined morphometrically in male, female, and ovariectomized mice exposed to air or cigarette smoke for 6 months. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) protein expression and markers of oxidative stress were evaluated in mouse lung tissues by immunofluorescence staining and gene expression analyses. Quantitative histology was performed on lung tissue sections of human COPD lungs to evaluate follicle formation.

Results
Lymphoid follicle and foamy macrophage counts as well as the total follicle cross-sectional area were differentially increased in lung tissues of female mice compared to male mice, and these differences were abolished by ovariectomy. These lymphoid aggregates were positive for CD45, CD20, CD21 and BAFF expression. Differential increases in Mmp12 and Cxcl2 gene expression correlated with an increase in foamy macrophages in parenchymal tissues of female but not male mice after smoke exposure. Parenchymal tissues from female mice failed to induce antioxidant-related genes in response to smoke exposure, and this effect was restored by ovariectomy. 3-nitrotyrosine, a stable marker of oxidative stress, positively correlated with Mmp12 and Cxcl2 gene expression. Hydrogen peroxide induced BAFF protein in mouse macrophage cell line. In human lung tissues, female smokers with severe COPD demonstrated increased numbers of lymphoid follicles compared with males.

Conclusions
Chronic smoke exposure increases the risk of lymphoid aggregate formation in female mice compared with male mice, which is mediated female sex hormones and BAFF expression in an oxidative environment.
What we can do? The risk factors for multi-drug resistant infection in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU): a case-control study
Authors: Wang Zaihua , Xia Zhongfang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The risk factors for multi-drug resistant infection (MDRI) in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) remain unclear. It’s necessary to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for MDRI in PICU, to provide insights into the prophylaxis of MDRI clinically.

Methods
Clinical data of 79 PICU children with MDRI were identified, and 80 children in PICU without MDRI in the same period were selected as control group. The related children’s characteristics, clinical care, microbiologic data, treatments provided, and outcomes of the patients with were reviewed and collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the potential risks of MDRI in PICU.

Results
Of the diagnosed 79 cases of MDRI, there were28 cases of CR-AB, 24 cases of MRSA, 22 cases of PDR-PA,3 cases of VRE and 2 cases of CRE respectively. Univariate analyses indicated that the length of PICU stay, the duration of mechanical ventilation > 5 days, parenteral nutrition, coma, urinary catheter indwelling, invasive operation, 2 or more antibiotics use were associated with MDRIs (all p < 0.05); The logistic multiple regression analyses indicated that coma, parenteral nutrition, 2 or more antibiotics use and the duration of mechanical ventilation > 5 days were independent risk factors associated with MDRI (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions
This present study has identified several potentially modifiable risk factors for MDRI in PICU, it’s conducive to take appropriate measures targeting risk factors of MDRI for health care providers to reduce MDRI.
Essential concepts are missing: Foreign DNA in food invades the organisms’ cells and can lead to stochastic epigenetic alterations with a wide range of possible pathogenetic consequences
Authors: Doerfler Walter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this article, a new concept for general pathogenesis has been proposed. Advances in molecular genetics have led to the realization that essential concepts in the framework of molecular biology are still missing. Clinical medicine is plagued by similar shortcomings: The questioning of current paradigms could open new vistas and invite challenging approaches. This article presents an unconventional idea. Foreign DNA which is regularly ingested with the essential food supply is not completely degraded. Small quantities of fragmented DNA rather persist transiently in the gastro-intestinal tract of mice and can be traced to various organ systems, except for cells in the germ line. Foreign DNA entering and persisting in mammalian cells can stochastically lead to genome-wide alterations of transcriptional and CpG DNA methylation profiles. In the course of food-ingested DNA invading somatic cells, completely new cell types can be generated which might be involved in the causation of common ailments. Projects emanating from this perception merit critical analysis and rigorous pursuit.
Artefacts in contrast enhanced digital mammography: how can they affect diagnostic image quality and confuse clinical diagnosis?
Authors: Nori Jacopo , Gill Maninderpal Kaur , Vignoli Chiara , Bicchierai Giulia , De Benedetto Diego , Di Naro Federica , Vanzi Ermanno , Boeri Cecilia , Miele Vittorio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractContrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) is a diagnostic tool for breast cancer detection. Artefacts are observed in about 10% of CEDM examinations. Understanding CEDM artefacts is important to prevent diagnostic misinterpretation. In this article, we have described the artefacts that we have commonly encountered in clinical practice; we hope to ease the recognition and help troubleshoot solutions to prevent or minimise them.
Allo-antibody production after intraarticular administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in an equine osteoarthritis model: effect of repeated administration, MSC inflammatory stimulation, and equine leukocyte antigen (ELA) compatibility
Authors: Barrachina Laura , Cequier Alina , Romero Antonio , Vitoria Arantza , Zaragoza Pilar , Vázquez Francisco José , Rodellar Clementina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Antibody production after allogeneic administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could impact their clinical application. Proinflammatory priming of MSCs can potentiate their regulatory ability in vivo but increased expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) might augment their immunogenicity, potentially leading to immune memory thus limiting repeated allogeneic administration. This study aimed at evaluating the production of cytotoxic allo-antibodies directed against donor’s ELA (equine leukocyte antigen) in mismatched and halfmatched horses receiving repeated intraarticular administration of stimulated MSCs (MSC-primed) and unstimulated MSCs (MSC-naïve) in pathologic joints.

Methods
From available stored samples from a previous in vivo study, cells from one donor and serially collected sera (five time-points) from three groups of recipients were used based on their ELA haplotypes to perform microcytotoxicity assays: Group 1 recipients mismatched with the donor that received MSC-naïve (naïve-mismatched recipients); Group 2 recipients mismatched with the donor that received MSC-primed (primed-mismatched recipients); Group 3 recipients halfmatched with the donor (sharing 1/2 haplotypes) that received MSC-primed (primed-halfmatched recipients). Sera from recipients (neat, 1:2 and 1:16 dilution) were tested against target cells from the donor (cryopreserved and expanded MSC-naïve and MSC-primed) or from one animal presenting the same ELA haplotypes than the donor (fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes as control).

Results
One to three weeks after first MSC administration, all recipient groups produced allo-antibodies regardless of MSC received (naïve or primed) and matching degree with donor. However, secondary response after MSC re-exposure was less evident in halfmatched recipients (MSC-primed) than in mismatched ones (both MSC-naïve and MSC-primed). Recipients of MSC-primed (both mismatched and halfmatched) tended towards developing lower antibody response than MSC-naïve recipients in vivo, but MSC-primed were targeted to death in higher percentage in vitro in the microcytoxicity assay.

Conclusions
After first intraarticular allogeneic administration, the immunomodulatory profile of MSC-primed would have led to lower antibody production, but these antibodies would target more easily MSC-primed after second injection (re-exposure), likely because of their higher MHC expression.
“Infection prevention and control idea challenge” contest: a fresh view on medical education and problem solving
Authors: Arianpoor Arash , Zarifian Ahmadreza , Askari Emran , Akhavan-Rezayat Arash , Dayyani Mojtaba , Rahimian Amin , Amini Elahe , Amel Roya , Ziaeemehr Aghigh , Zingg Walter , Aelami Mohammad Hasan , Pittet Didier 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) challenge modern medicine. Considering their high prevalence in Iran, we aimed to provide knowledge on the subject, and to teach about the importance of infection prevention and control (IPC) to a broad audience of pre-graduate healthcare professionals, focusing on education as the cornerstone of IPC.

Main body
We invited Iranian medical students to present ideas on “how to reduce HAIs.” Projects were eligible if being original and addressing the call. Accepted projects were quality assessed using a scoring system. Forty-nine projects were submitted, of which 37 met the inclusion criteria. They had a mean score of 69.4 ± 18.3 out of the maximum possible score of 115. Four reviewers assessed the 37 projects for clinical applicability, impact on patient safety, and innovation, and selected the best 12 to compete at the 2nd International Congress on Prevention Strategies for Healthcare-associated Infections, Mashhad, Iran, 2018. The competition took place in three rounds. The selected teams presented their projects in the first round and debated one by one in a knockout manner, while the jury reviewed their scientific content and presentation skills. In the second round, the top 5 projects competed for reaching the final stage, in which the teams presented their ideas in front of a panel of international IPC experts to determine the first three ranks. At the end of the contest, the participants gained valuable criticisms on how to improve their ideas. Moreover, by its motivating atmosphere, the contest created an excellent opportunity to promote IPC in medical schools.

Conclusions
Using innovation contests in pre-graduates is an innovative education strategy. It sensitizes medical students to the challenges of IPC and antimicrobial resistance and drives them to think about solutions. By presenting and defending their innovations, they deepen their understanding on the topic and generate knowledge transfer in both ways, from students to teachers and vice versa.
Vitamin C may reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: a meta-regression analysis
Authors: Hemilä Harri , Chalker Elizabeth 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Our recent meta-analysis indicated that vitamin C may shorten the length of ICU stay and the duration of mechanical ventilation. Here we analyze modification of the vitamin C effect on ventilation time, by the control group ventilation time (which we used as a proxy for severity of disease in the patients of each trial).

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and reference lists of relevant publications. We included controlled trials in which the administration of vitamin C was the only difference between the study groups. We did not limit our search to randomized trials and did not require placebo control. We included all doses and all durations of vitamin C administration. One author extracted study characteristics and outcomes from the trial reports and entered the data in a spreadsheet. Both authors checked the data entered against the original reports. We used meta-regression to examine whether the vitamin C effect on ventilation time depends on the duration of ventilation in the control group.

Results
We identified nine potentially eligible trials, eight of which were included in the meta-analysis. We pooled the results of the eight trials, including 685 patients in total, and found that vitamin C shortened the length of mechanical ventilation on average by 14% (P = 0.00001). However, there was significant heterogeneity in the effect of vitamin C between the trials. Heterogeneity was fully explained by the ventilation time in the untreated control group. Vitamin C was most beneficial for patients with the longest ventilation, corresponding to the most severely ill patients. In five trials including 471 patients requiring ventilation for over 10 h, a dosage of 1–6 g/day of vitamin C shortened ventilation time on average by 25% (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
We found strong evidence that vitamin C shortens the duration of mechanical ventilation, but the magnitude of the effect seems to depend on the duration of ventilation in the untreated control group. The level of baseline illness severity should be considered in further research. Different doses should be compared directly in future trials.
A simple rehabilitation regime improves functional outcome in patients with patellafemoral pain after 12 month
Authors: Nielsen Torsten Grønbech , Miller Lene Lindberg , Mygind-Klavsen Bjarne , Lind Martin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 3-month multimodal intervention including patient education, a simple hip exercise program, footwear adjustment, and foot orthoses to reduce symptoms in patients with patellafemoral pain (PFP).

Methods
Patients were diagnosed based on a physical examination, patient symptoms and ruled out intra-articular knee pathologies by MRI. Patients were educated on PFP and participated in a 3-month exercise program; shoes with solid heel-caps were recommended, and custom made orthoses with arch support were recommended to patients with foot pronation. The Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) and the pain numeric rating scale (NRS) were used to evaluate the outcomes of the intervention and collected at baseline, 3 and 12-months follow-ups.

Results
Sixty-five patients (age 18 years (9–32)) were included in a consecutive prospective cohort. The AKPS score improved from 71 ± 24 to 89 ± 9 (p < 0.01) at 12 months follow up. The NRS-rest and NRS-activity improved from 3 to 0 (p < 0.01) and 7 to 3 (p < 0.01) respectively. 78% of the patients clinically improved (i.e., demonstrated a > 10-point improvement (minimal clinically important difference (MCID))) considering the AKPS; and 76% and 73% clinically improved (i.e., demonstrated (MCID) a ≥ 2-point improvement) in their NRS-rest and NRS-activity, respectively. No patients experienced a decrease in their AKPS score or an increase in their NRS-rest and NRS-activity scores at 12-months.

Conclusion
A 3-month PFP multimodal treatment strategy focusing on patient education, footwear adjustment, orthoses, and simple hip muscle exercises significantly improved functional outcomes and reduced pain at a 12 month follow-up.
Time-dependent effects of histone deacetylase inhibition in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Wen Xiaoyan , Li Shengnan , Frank Alicia , Chen Xiukai , Emlet David , Hukriede Neil A. , Kellum John A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Sepsis, a dysregulated host response to infection with results in organ dysfunction, has been a major challenge to the development of effective therapeutics. Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) results in a 3–5-fold increase in the risk of hospital mortality compared to sepsis alone. The development of therapies to reverse S-AKI could therefore significantly affect sepsis outcomes. However, the translation of therapies from preclinical studies into humans requires model systems that recapitulate clinical scenarios and the development of renal fibrosis indicative of the transition from acute to chronic kidney disease.

Results
Here we characterized a murine model of S-AKI induced by abdominal sepsis developing into a chronic phenotype. We applied a small molecule histone deacetylase-8 inhibitor, UPHD186, and found that early treatment, beginning at 48 h post-sepsis, worsened renal outcome accompanied by decreasing mononuclear cell infiltration in the kidney, skewing cells into a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and increased pro-fibrotic gene expression, while delayed treatment, beginning at 96 h post-sepsis, after the acute inflammation in the kidney had subsided, resulted in improved survival and kidney histology presumably through promoting proliferation and inhibiting fibrosis.

Conclusions
These findings not only present a clinically relevant S-AKI model, but also introduce a timing dimension into S-AKI therapeutic interventions that delayed treatment with UPHD186 may enhance renal histologic repair. Our results provide novel insights into successful repair of kidney injury and sepsis therapy.
Hope, Despair, and Justice in Postwar European Culture:Bicycle Thieves,The Plague, andThe Man Outsideas Case Studies
Authors: Engel Amir 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhile there is growing interest in the postwar era, the cultural characteristics of the period after World War II and the period’s historical scope are still largely underdetermined. The purpose of this article is to offer a more nuanced use of the term postwar and insights into the cultural landscape of this enormously significant moment in the history of the West. To do so, it examines three major works of what is termed here the immediate postwar. These works are fundamentally dissimilar and yet, it is argued, share an emotional disposition. As shown, all three works exhibit a complex dialectical coupling of horror and anticipation. In other words, this article demonstrates that the cultural production of the postwar period (in the exact sense of the term) is characterized, on the one hand, by a sincere depiction of suffering and depravity but, on the other, by an intense engagement with questions about the moral and social future.