bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the possibility of increasing the intensity of photochemical processes of riboflavin/UV photocrosslinking of scleral collagen by means of tissue immersion clearing
Authors: Shvachkina M.E. , Kistenev Yu.V. , Pravdin A.B. , Yakovlev D.A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe possibility of increasing the efficiency of light action during scleral collagen riboflavin/UV photocrosslinking by means of immersion clearing of tissue before UV irradiation is studied. The effectiveness of photo-action is assessed by a decrease in the relative content of the photocrosslinking sensitizer, riboflavin, which is determined from the decay times of tissue fluorescence at different stages of the photocrosslinking process. The fluorescence decay times are measured using a multiphoton tomograph in the mode of time-resolved two-photon fluorescence recording. Studies are performedin vitroon porcine sclera samples. An 88 % aqueous solution of glycerol is used as an immersion clearing agent. Optical clearing is shown to make it possible to increase the intensity of photoinduced conversion of riboflavin into non-fluorescent leukoforms during photochemical reactions preceding collagen crosslinking. According to the experimental data obtained for cases of photocrosslinking without optical clearing and with preliminary optical clearing of tissue under the same irradiation conditions, the content of riboflavin that has not undergone photoconversion in tissue, at depths from 40 to 75 μm, after UV irradiation in the first case is approximately 5.6 times (average over 15 regions of two samples) higher than in the second case.
Laser bleaching of tattoos: a new approach
Authors: Shubnyy A.G. , Zhigarkov V.S. , Yusupov V.I. , Sviridov A.P. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The dynamics of the formation and relaxation of microbubbles in a polyacrylamide phantom of tattooed skin under the action of a series of laser pulses with 15-ns duration is studied. It is shown that the growth of microbubbles occurs within a few milliseconds, and their lifetime varies from several seconds to several hours, depending on the water content in the phantom and the fluence (energy density) of laser radiation. It is found that the multipulse laser exposure regime, in comparison with the single-pulse regime, reduces the laser radiation fluence and significantly increases the degree of phantom bleaching. A region of parameters (number of pulses, fluence), in which a high concentration of undesirable (blocking laser radiation) long-lived bubbles does not form, while the bleaching effect reaches its maximum, is found. A mechanism for effective tattoo removal, based on selective thermolysis under conditions of a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the medium in the immediate vicinity of pigmented particles due to the formation of microbubbles, is proposed.
Laser-induced modification of the scleral collagen framework for changing its hydraulic permeability
Authors: Ignatieva N.Yu. , Zakharkina O.L. , Sergeeva E.A. , Iomdina E.N. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
An action of the IR laser pulses with a wavelength of 1.56 μm, moderate intensity, and various durations on a collagen framework structure and sclera tissue permeability is considered. It is shown that the temperature thresholds of collagen denaturation in tissues under the laser irradiation are substantially lower as compared to those under conventional homogeneous heating in a calorimeter oven. A tissue matrix modified at temperatures below the denaturation threshold is observed in images obtained by nonlinear optical microscopy in the regime of second harmonic generation. The modification has specific features under long-duration (with a duration longer than 1 s) and short-duration (10 – 30 ms) action: separation of a fibre bundle into groups with distorted passage in the first case and bundle splitting to chaotically directed fibres in the second case. The character of the tissue change determines the coefficient of organic substance diffusion into a tissue material. After matrix amorphisation (collagen denaturation) or distortion of the fibre group arrangement in the collagen bundle, the diffusion coefficient falls by 10 % – 40 %, whereas after bundle splitting it increases by 25 % – 50 % as compared to the value of (3 ± 0.1) × 10−6 cm s−1, which is specific for intact tissue. The results obtained make us to assume that the specific disordering of the tissue collagen framework under the short-duration action may be used for increasing the permeability of the scleral tissue.
Childhood self-control forecasts the pace of midlife aging and preparedness for old age
Authors: Richmond-Rakerd Leah S. , Caspi Avshalom , Ambler Antony , d’Arbeloff Tracy , de Bruine Marieke , Elliott Maxwell , Harrington HonaLee , Hogan Sean , Houts Renate M. , Ireland David , Keenan Ross , Knodt Annchen R. , Melzer Tracy R. , Park Sena , Poulton Richie , Ramrakha Sandhya , Rasmussen Line Jee Hartmann , Sack Elizabeth , Schmidt Adam T. , Sison Maria L. , Wertz Jasmin , Hariri Ahmad R. , Moffitt Terrie E. 
Published: January 2021

Significance
We followed a population-representative cohort of children from birth to their mid-forties. As adults, children with better self-control aged more slowly in their bodies; showed fewer signs of brain aging; and were more equipped to manage later-life health, financial, and social demands. The effects of children’s self-control were separable from their socioeconomic origins and intelligence. Children changed in their rank order of self-control across age, suggesting the hypothesis that it is a malleable intervention target. Adults’ self-control was associated with their aging outcomes independently of their childhood self-control, indicating that midlife might offer another intervention window. Programs that are successful in increasing self-control might extend both the length (life span) and quality (health span) of life.
LGI1–ADAM22–MAGUK configures transsynaptic nanoalignment for synaptic transmission and epilepsy prevention
Authors: Fukata Yuko , Chen Xiumin , Chiken Satomi , Hirano Yoko , Yamagata Atsushi , Inahashi Hiroki , Sanbo Makoto , Sano Hiromi , Goto Teppei , Hirabayashi Masumi , Kornau Hans-Christian , Prüss Harald , Nambu Atsushi , Fukai Shuya , Nicoll Roger A. , Fukata Masaki 
Published: January 2021

Significance
This study addresses a fundamental question in neuroscience, namely how does the presynaptic component of the synapse precisely align with the postsynaptic component? This is essential for the proper transmission of signals across the synapse. This paper focuses on a set of transsynaptic, epilepsy-related proteins that are essential for this alignment. We show that the LGI1–ADAM22–MAGUK complex is a key player in the nanoarchitecture of the synapse, such that the release site is directly apposed to the nanocluster of glutamate receptors.
Biomimetic highly hydrophobic stearic acid functionalized MOF sponge for efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Azam Tasmia , Pervaiz Erum , Farrukh Sarah , Noor Tayyaba 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The field of oil/water separation has become a global concern with increase in oil/water pollution. Fabrication of highly hydrophobic surfaces by bio mimicking the ‘Lotus effect’ is turning out to be an area of active research in this regard. In current work ZIF-8 functionalized, stearic acid functionalized and composite, incorporation ZIF-8 and stearic acid in different deposition sequences, functionalized hydrophobic sponges were fabricated by changing the surface roughness and surface chemistry. The prepared sponges were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy and sessile drop technique to conform the prerequisite of ‘lotus effect’. The important parameters i.e. water contact angle, oil absorption capacity and reusability of all prepared sponges were compared and it was found that the composite sponge that have first layer of ZIF-8 followed by second layer of stearic acid (S1Z8S) well inherited all properties of its parent components, showed high hydrophobicity with water contact angle of 140.8° and high absorption capacity for different oils/organic solvents ranging from 30.26 to 115.35 times its own weight as compared to other sponge samples and the this value of absorption capacity remained constant for 10 absorption/desorption cycles. Furthermore, it was found that coating another layer of stearic acid (S1S1Z8S) on this hydrophobic sponge increases hydrophobicity to 143.2° because of increase in surface micro-bumps but decreases oil absorption capacity. Being a three in one package with high hydrophobicity, high oil absorption capacity and excellent reusability S1Z8S can be an optimum candidate for large scale practical applications.
EDM machining characteristics of bamboo leaf ash and alumina reinforced aluminum hybrid metal matrix composite using Multi-response optimization by grey relational analysis
Authors: Devi Maibam Bindya , MD Sameer , Birru Anil Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this research work, aluminum hybrid composites using bamboo leaf ash (BLA) and alumina have been fabricated via stir casting. Three hybrid composites viz: A713 + 2%BLA + 2%Al2O3, A713 + 2%BLA + 4%Al2O3, A713 + 4%BLA + 2%Al2O3 are fabricated successfully and EDM machining of these three composites is performed. The EDM machining experiments of the three hybrid composites, have been designed using Taguchi L27 orthogonal array design of experiments (DOE) considering current (A), duty cycle (%), gap voltage (V) and different percentage composition of the reinforcements. The effect of the EDM machining process parameters on the output responses such as surface roughness (Ra) and material removal rate (MRR) are evaluated using grey relational analysis.
ArabidopsisCIB3 regulates photoperiodic flowering in an FKF1-dependent way
Authors: Zhou Lianxia , Lu Yi , Huang Jie , Sha Zhiwei , Mo Weiliang , Xue Jiayi , Ma Shuodan , Shi Wuliang , Yang Zhenming , Gao Jie , Bian Mingdi 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTArabidopsis cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) and FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, and F-BOX 1 (FKF1) are blue light receptors mediating light regulation of growth and development, such as photoperiodic flowering. CRY2 interacts with a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor CIB1 in response to blue light to activate the transcription of the flowering integrator gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). CIB1, CIB2, CIB4, and CIB5 function redundantly to promote flowering in a CRY2-dependent way and form various heterodimers to bind to the noncanonical E-box sequence in the FT promoter. However, the function of CIB3 has not been described. We discovered that CIB3 promotes photoperiodic flowering independently of CRY2. Moreover, CIB3 does not interact with CRY2 but interacts with CIB1 and functions synergistically with CIB1 to promote the transcription of the GI gene. FKF1 is required for CIB3 to promote flowering and enhances the CIB1–CIB3 interaction in response to blue light.
HISNAPI: a bioinformatic tool for dynamic hot spot analysis in nucleic acid–protein interface with a case study
Authors: Mei Long-Can , Wang Yu-Liang , Wu Feng-Xu , Wang Fan , Hao Ge-Fei , Yang Guang-Fu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Protein–nucleic acid interactions play essential roles in many biological processes, such as transcription, replication and translation. In protein–nucleic acid interfaces, hotspot residues contribute the majority of binding affinity toward molecular recognition. Hotspot residues are commonly regarded as potential binding sites for compound molecules in drug design projects. The dynamic property is a considerable factor that affects the binding of ligands. Computational approaches have been developed to expedite the prediction of hotspot residues on protein–nucleic acid interfaces. However, existing approaches overlook hotspot dynamics, despite their essential role in protein function. Here, we report a web server named Hotspots In silico Scanning on Nucleic Acid and Protein Interface (HISNAPI) to analyze hotspot residue dynamics by integrating molecular dynamics simulation and one-step free energy perturbation. HISNAPI is capable of not only predicting the hotspot residues in protein–nucleic acid interfaces but also providing insights into their intensity and correlation of dynamic motion. Protein dynamics have been recognized as a vital factor that has an effect on the interaction specificity and affinity of the binding partners. We applied HISNAPI to the case of SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, a vital target of the antiviral drug for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019. We identified the hotspot residues and characterized their dynamic behaviors, which might provide insight into the target site for antiviral drug design. The web server is freely available via a user-friendly web interface at http://chemyang.ccnu.edu.cn/ccb/server/HISNAPI/ and http://agroda.gzu.edu.cn:9999/ccb/server/HISNAPI/.
Comprehensive multicomponent cardiac rehabilitation in cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients: a consensus document from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC; Secondary prevention and rehabilitation section) and European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA)
Authors: Pedretti Roberto F E , Iliou Marie-Christine , Israel Carsten W , Abreu Ana , Miljoen Hielko , Corrà Ugo , Stellbrink Christoph , Gevaert Andreas B , Theuns Dominic A , Piepoli Massimo F , Reibis Rona , Schmid Jean Paul , Wilhelm Matthias , Heidbuchel Hein , Völler Heinz , Ambrosetti Marco , Deneke Thomas , Cornelissen Veronique , R. Heinzel Frank , Davos Constantinos H , Kudaiberdieva Gulmira , Frederix Ines , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Hansen Dominique 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary intervention including patient assessment and medical actions to promote stabilization, management of cardiovascular risk factors, vocational support, psychosocial management, physical activity counselling, and prescription of exercise training. Millions of people with cardiac implantable electronic devices live in Europe and their numbers are progressively increasing, therefore, large subsets of patients admitted in CR facilities have a cardiac implantable electronic device. Patients who are cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients are considered eligible for a CR programme. This is not only related to the underlying heart disease but also to specific issues, such as psychological adaptation to living with an implanted device and, in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients, the risk of arrhythmia, syncope, and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, these patients should receive special attention, as their needs may differ from other patients participating in CR. As evidence from studies of CR in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices is sparse, detailed clinical practice guidelines are lacking. Here, we aim to provide practical recommendations for CR in cardiac implantable electronic devices recipients in order to increase CR implementation, efficacy, and safety in this subset of patients.
State Responsibility for a Failure to Prevent Violations of the Right to Life by Organised Criminal Groups: Disappearances in Mexico
Authors: Guercke Lene 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
States have obligations to protect the right to life, which include obligations to prevent and respond to violations of this right by non-State actors. Yet, there is no clear approach to determining State responsibility for failing to comply with these obligations. One actor that is notably absent from scholarship on State responsibility and non-State actors is organised criminal groups, despite the fact that their activities can infringe the right to life in many ways. This article critically examines current approaches by the European and Inter-American Human Rights Courts for determining State responsibility for a failure to prevent, in light of the current crisis of disappearances in Mexico. It is argued that in cases where the non-State actors are organised criminal groups, their particular nature and their relationship to the State should be taken into account as criteria for assessing the State’s knowledge of risk and the reasonability of measures taken.
Comparative Evaluation of Conventional Stool Testing and Multiplex Molecular Panel in Outpatients With Relapse of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Hong Soonwook , Zaki Timothy A , Main Michael , Hine Ashley M , Chang Shannon , Hudesman David , Axelrad Jordan E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Differentiating between enteric infection and relapse of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common clinical challenge. Few studies have evaluated the impact of multiplex gastrointestinal polymerase chain reaction (GI PCR) pathogen panels on clinical practice compared to stool culture. Our aim was to compare the impact of PCR stool testing to conventional stool testing in outpatients presenting with relapse of IBD.

Methods
In a retrospective cohort study of outpatients with IBD presenting to NYU Langone Health with flare from September 2015 to April 2019, we compared patients who underwent stool testing with GI PCR to age-, sex-, and IBD-subtype-matched patients who underwent culture and ova and parasite exam (conventional testing). The primary outcome was IBD therapy escalation after testing. Secondary outcomes included rates of posttesting endoscopy, abdominal radiography, antibiotics, and IBD-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and abdominal surgeries.

Results
We identified 134 patients who underwent GI PCR matched to 134 patients who underwent conventional testing. Pathogens were more frequently identified on GI PCR (26 vs 5%; P &lt; 0.01). We found that GI PCR was associated with less escalation in IBD therapy (16 vs 29%; P &lt; 0.01) and fewer posttest endoscopies (10% vs 18%; P = 0.04), with no differences in IBD outcomes. On multivariate analysis, testing with GI PCR was associated with an odds ratio of 0.26 (95% confidence interval, 0.08-0.84; P = 0.02) for escalation of IBD therapies.

Conclusions
Testing with GI PCR was associated with higher rates of pathogen detection and lower rates of IBD therapy escalation and endoscopy in the outpatient setting. These changes in management were not associated with a difference in IBD outcomes.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Risk of Major Bleeding During Anticoagulation for Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Scharrer Susanna , Primas Christian , Eichinger Sabine , Tonko Sebastian , Kutschera Maximilian , Koch Robert , Blesl Andreas , Reinisch Walter , Mayer Andreas , Haas Thomas , Feichtenschlager Thomas , Fuchssteiner Harry , Steiner Pius , Ludwiczek Othmar , Platzer Reingard , Miehsler Wolfgang , Tillinger Wolfgang , Apostol Sigrid , Schmid Alfons , Schweiger Karin , Vogelsang Harald , Dejaco Clemens , Herkner Harald , Novacek Gottfried 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the bleeding risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) treated with anticoagulation. Our aim was to elucidate the rate of major bleeding (MB) events in a well-defined cohort of patients with IBD during anticoagulation after VTE.

Methods
This study is a retrospective follow-up analysis of a multicenter cohort study investigating the incidence and recurrence rate of VTE in IBD. Data on MB and IBD- and VTE-related parameters were collected via telephone interview and chart review. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of anticoagulation for VTE on the risk of MB by comparing time periods with anticoagulation vs those without anticoagulation. A random-effects Poisson regression model was used.

Results
We included 107 patients (52 women, 40 with ulcerative colitis, 64 with Crohn disease, and 3 with unclassified IBD) in the study. The overall observation time was 388 patient-years with and 1445 patient-years without anticoagulation. In total, 23 MB events were registered in 21 patients, among whom 13 MB events occurred without anticoagulation and 10 occurred with anticoagulation. No fatal bleeding during anticoagulation was registered. The incidence rate for MB events was 2.6/100 patient-years during periods exposed to anticoagulation and 0.9/100 patient-years during the unexposed time. Exposure to anticoagulation (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-9.0; P = 0.003) and ulcerative colitis (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-8.1; P = 0.003) were independent risk factors for MB events.

Conclusion
The risk of major but not fatal bleeding is increased in patients with IBD during anticoagulation. Our findings indicate that this risk may be outweighed by the high VTE recurrence rate in patients with IBD.
Tropism of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and Influenza Virus in Canine Tissue Explants
Authors: Bui Christine H T , Yeung Hin Wo , Ho John C W , Leung Connie Y H , Hui Kenrie P Y , Perera Ranawaka A P M , Webby Richard J , Schultz-Cherry Stacey L , Nicholls John M , Peiris Joseph Sriyal Malik , Chan Michael C W 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Human spillovers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to dogs and the emergence of a highly contagious avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza virus have raised concerns on the role of dogs in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and their susceptibility to existing human and avian influenza viruses, which might result in further reassortment.

Methods
We systematically studied the replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, influenza A viruses of H1, H3, H5, H7, and H9 subtypes, and influenza B viruses of Yamagata-like and Victoria-like lineages in ex vivo canine nasal cavity, soft palate, trachea, and lung tissue explant cultures and examined ACE2 and sialic acid (SA) receptor distribution in these tissues.

Results
There was limited productive replication of SARS-CoV-2 in canine nasal cavity and SARS-CoV in canine nasal cavity, soft palate, and lung, with unexpectedly high ACE2 levels in canine nasal cavity and soft palate. Canine tissues were susceptible to a wide range of human and avian influenza viruses, which matched with the abundance of both human and avian SA receptors.

Conclusions
Existence of suitable receptors and tropism for the same tissue foster virus adaptation and reassortment. Continuous surveillance in dog populations should be conducted given the many chances for spillover during outbreaks.
Validating Species Distribution Models With Standardized Surveys for Ixodid Ticks in Mainland Florida
Authors: Glass Gregory E , Ganser Claudia , Kessler William H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Tick-borne pathogens are of growing concern. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed guidelines standardizing surveys of tick vectors to better monitor the changes in their occurrences. Unbiased surveillance data, from standardized surveys, are presumed critical to generate valid species distribution models (SDMs). We tested previously generated SDMs from standardized protocols for three medically important ticks [Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus, Ixodida, Ixodidae), Ixodes scapularis (Say, Ixodida, Ixodidae), and Dermacentor variabilis (Say, Ixodida, Ixodidae)]. These previous models ruled out a quarter to half of the state as having these species, with consensus occurrence in about a quarter of the state. New surveys performed throughout 2019 on 250 transects at 43 sites indicated the rule-out functions were 100% accurate for I. scapularis and D. variabilis and 91.9% for A. americanum. As SDM concordance increased, the proportion of transects yielding ticks increased. Independent surveys of SDMs provide external validation—an aspect missing from many SDM studies.