bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of thermochromic microcapsulated inks for smart packaging and examination of printability properties
Authors: Arman Kandirmaz Emine , Ozcan Arif , Er Ulusoy Duygu 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
Stimulant-sensitive materials exhibit physical or chemical reversible changes in their properties as a result of environmental variables. One of these materials is thermochromic materials. Materials with thermochromic sensitivity change their color with heat exchange. For this reason, it can be used in many different fields such as security inks. Such substances decompose rapidly by being affected by weather conditions. Furthermore, the particle sizes are larger than normal pigments, and therefore, it is difficult to stabilize thermochromic dyes. Because of all these adverse conditions, thermochromic colorants must be protected before use in the ink. This protection is planned to be provided by the microcapsulation technique. The purpose of this study is to determine the thermochromic printing inks that can be stored stably by microcapsulation technique, to protect it from environmental conditions and the determination of printability parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, capsules with a core material of thermochromic dyeing with polyurea formaldehyde (PUF) or poly-phenolmelamine formaldehyde (PMF) shell were synthesized at appropriate pH and temperature using the appropriate solvent and mixing speed. The chemical structure and dimensions of the obtained capsules were examined by ATR-FTIR and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The produced thermochromic microcapsules were mixed with alkyd resin and mineral oil and screen printing ink was obtained. Printability tests such as surface morphology, color, gloss and light fastness were applied.

Findings
As a result, it was determined that PMF is not a suitable encapsulation technique for thermochromic dyes under suitable conditions and eliminates thermochromic property by providing heat stability. It was found that PUF microcapsulation can be used in thermochromic dyestuff encapsulation and does not lose the thermochromic property. It has also been found that PUF microcapsules increase the lightfastness and stability of thermochromic dye ink.

Originality/value
This study provides experimental research on the encapsulation of a thermochromic dye and its use in ink.
Build accuracy and compression properties of additively manufactured 304L honeycombs
Authors: Spratt Myranda , Anandan Sudharshan , Hussein Rafid , Newkirk Joseph W. , Chandrashekhara K. , Heath Misak , Walker Michael 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze the build quality and compression properties of thin-walled 304L honeycomb structures manufactured by selective laser melting. Four honeycomb wall thicknesses, from 0.2 to 0.5 mm, were built and analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach
The density of the honeycombs was changed by increasing the wall thickness of each sample. The honeycombs were tested under compression. Differences between the computer-assisted design model and the as-built structure were quantified by measuring physical dimensions. The microstructure was evaluated by optical microscopy, density measurements and microhardness.

Findings
The Vickers hardness of the honeycomb structures was 209 ± 14 at 50 g load. The compression ultimate and yield strength of the honeycomb material were shown to increase as the wall thickness of the honeycomb samples increased. The specific ultimate strength also increased with wall thickness, while the specific yield stress of the honeycomb remained stable at 42 ± 2.7 MPa/g/cm3. The specific ultimate strength minimized near 0.45 mm wall thickness at 82 ± 5 MPa/g/cm3 and increased to 134 ± 3 MPa/g/cm3 at 0.6 mm wall thickness.

Originality/value
This study highlights a single lightweight metal structure, the honeycomb, built by additive manufacturing (AM). The honeycomb is an interesting structure because it is a well-known building material in the lightweight structural composites field but is still considered a relatively complex geometric shape to fabricate. As shown here, AM techniques can be used to make complex geometric shapes with strong materials to increase the design flexibility of the lightweight structural component industry.
Effect of Maleinized Linseed Oil (MLO) on thermal and rheolological properties of PLA/MWCNT and PLA/HNT nanocomposites for additive manufacturing
Authors: Cobos Christian Mauricio , Fenollar Octavio , López Martinez Juan , Ferrandiz Santiago , Garzón Luis 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to describe the influence of maleinized linseed oil (MLO), when used as a lubricant, on the thermal and rheological properties of PLA/MWCNTs (polylactic acid/multi-walled carbon nanotubes) and PLA/HNT (halloysite nanotubes) nanocomposites, as a reference for application in 3D printing processes.

Design/methodology/approach
Nanocomposites were obtained by melting in a twin-screw extruder, mixing PLA with MWCNTs and HNTs in different percentages of 0.5, 0.75 and 1 Wt.% for subsequent mixing by the same process with 5 phr MLO, for application in additive manufacturing, as analyzed by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), capillary rheometry, melt flow rate (MFL) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).

Findings
The results obtained for thermal characterization by using DSC indicate the non-variation of glass transition temperature Tg = 62 ± 2°C and a melting temperature (Tm) around 170°C. Crystallization temperature dropped by approximately 12°C, which should be kept in mind during the transformation processes. The values obtained by capillary rheometry indicate that the material’s viscosity is reduced by the influence of the MLO plasticizer’s lubricant effect on the PLA’s molecular structure. The melt flow index values confirm a rise of approximately 46% in the flow index and back up the capillary rheometry results. The values obtained were as follows: PLA/0.5 Wt.% MWCNT/MLO 5 phr 54.07, PLA/0.75 Wt.% MWCNT/MLO 5 phr 53.46, PLA/1 Wt.% MWCNT/MLO 5 phr 51.84y PLA/0.5 Wt.% HNT/MLO 5 phr 61.8, PLA/0.75 Wt.% HNT/MLO 5 phr 68.3 and PLA/1 Wt.% HNT/MLO 5 phr 71.2 g/10 min. Apart from the nanocharge distribution, the information obtained from the FESEM shows the existence of a cluster, which could have been avoided by more energetic stirring during the nanocompound manufacturing process.

Social implications
This paper presents an analysis of the insertion of plasticizer in nanocomposites for the application in additive manufacturing processes in fusion deposition modelling (FDM) system.

Originality/value
This is a novel original research work.
A close look: roving reference in a community college library information commons
Authors: Kramer Eileen Hali 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to answer the questions: What challenges do students face in an information commons and how does roving reference help?.

Design/methodology/approach
The author recounts her work roving in her community college information commons and supplements this with an analysis of 1,500 records from her detailed reference log that compares roving reference results with conventional references and with reference questions as a whole.

Findings
Her autoethnography and data reveal that roving substantially increases the number of reference encounters. In addition, her data sheds light on students’ struggles with common, productivity software, academic packages and malfunctioning hardware. More importantly, these findings show that roving reference data identify problems that librarians, as stakeholders, can solve.

Research limitations/implications
Roving reference in a community college information commons brings students in one library into sharper focus. Roving reference increases the number of reference encounters and the reach of reference service. It also exposes a use-based digital divide that calls for collaboration in the long run and increased point-of-need service immediately.

Practical implications
Even data that points to digital divides, hardware issues or other shortcomings and offers empirical evidence of problems for which library staff, unlike student workers, can find long-term solutions. This study shows that it is possible to gather rich and extensive data with minimal personnel and off-the-shelf software.

Social implications
A college degree is vital to social mobility and easing inequality. Fluency with academic technology and information is necessary for completing college. Roving reference means more opportunities to teach information and computer fluency at point of need and more opportunities for librarian stakeholders to find and remove obstacles to student learning.

Originality/value
This is one of the few, recent studies, autoethnographic or otherwise, on roving reference in a community college library’s information commons.
Global emergence of environmental non‐O1/O139Vibrio cholerae infections linked with climate change: a neglected research field?
Authors: Vezzulli Luigi , Baker‐Austin Craig , Kirschner Alexander , Pruzzo Carla , Martinez‐Urtaza Jaime 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe bacterium Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of aquatic ecosystems across the planet. V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 are responsible for cholera outbreaks in developing countries accounting for 3–5 million infections worldwide and 28.800–130.000 deaths per year according to the World Health Organization. In contrast, V. cholerae serogroups other than O1 and O139, also designated as V. cholerae non‐O1/O139 (NOVC), are not associated with epidemic cholera but can cause other illnesses that may range in severity from mild (e.g. gastroenteritis, otitis, etc.) to life‐threatening (e.g. necrotizing fasciitis). Although generally neglected, NOVC‐related infections are on the rise and represent one of the most striking examples of emerging human diseases linked to climate change. NOVC strains are also believed to potentially contribute to the emergence of new pathogenic strains including strains with epidemic potential as a direct consequence of genetic exchange mechanisms such as horizontal gene transfer and genetic recombination. Besides general features concerning the biology and ecology of NOVC strains and their associated diseases, this review aims to highlight the most relevant aspects related to the emergence and potential threat posed by NOVC strains under a rapidly changing environmental and climatic scenario.
Giving birth in Ethiopia: a spatial and multilevel analysis to determine availability and factors associated with healthcare facility births
Authors: Tegegne TK , Chojenta C , Getachew T , Smith R , Loxton D 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo assess spatial variations in the use of healthcare facilities for birth and to identify associated factors.DesignCross‐sectional analysis of population‐ and healthcare facility‐based data.SettingEthiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS 2016) linked to Service Provision Assessment data (SPA 2014).PopulationA sample of 6954 women who gave birth in the 5 years preceding EDHS 2016 and 717 healthcare facilities providing delivery care.MethodsSecondary data analysis of linked population and health facility data was conducted. Multilevel and spatial analyses were conducted to identify key determinants of women’s use of health facilities for birth and to assess spatial clustering of facility births.Main outcome measureHealth facility birth.ResultsA one‐unit increase in the mean score of the readiness of health facilities to provide basic emergency obstetric care (EmOC) was associated with a two‐fold increase in the odds of facility birthing (adjusted odds ratio, aOR, 2.094, 95% CI 1.187–3.694). A woman’s attendance for at least four antenatal care visits was significantly associated with facility birth (aOR 8.863, 95% CI 6.748–11.640). Distance to a healthcare facility was inversely related to a woman’s use of facility birthing (aOR 0.967, 95% CI 0.944–0.991). Women in the richest wealth quintile were also more likely to have facility births (aOR 2.892, 95% CI 2.199–3.803).ConclusionsThere were geographic variations in facility births in Ethiopia, revealing critical gaps in service availability and readiness. It is important to ensure that health facilities are in a state of readiness to provide EmOC.Tweetable abstractFailure to ensure health facility readiness is associated with failure to give birth at a healthcare facility.
Vaginal delivery in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected pregnant women in Northern Italy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Ferrazzi E , Frigerio L , Savasi V , Vergani P , Prefumo F , Barresi S , Bianchi S , Ciriello E , Facchinetti F , Gervasi MT , Iurlaro E , Kustermann A , Mangili G , Mosca F , Patanè L , Spazzini D , Spinillo A , Trojano G , Vignali M , Villa A , Zuccotti GV , Parazzini F , Cetin I 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo report mode of delivery and immediate neonatal outcome in women infected with COVID‐19.DesignRetrospective study.SettingTwelve hospitals in northern Italy.ParticipantsPregnant women with COVID‐19‐confirmed infection who delivered.ExposureCOVID 19 infection in pregnancy.MethodsSARS‐CoV‐2‐infected women who were admitted and delivered from 1 to 20 March 2020 were eligible. Data were collected from the clinical records using a standardised questionnaire on maternal general characteristics, any medical or obstetric co‐morbidity, course of pregnancy, clinical signs and symptoms, treatment of COVID 19 infection, mode of delivery, neonatal data and breastfeeding.Main outcome and measuresData on mode of delivery and neonatal outcome.ResultsIn all, 42 women with COVID‐19 delivered at the participating centres; 24 (57.1%, 95% CI 41.0–72.3) delivered vaginally. An elective caesarean section was performed in 18/42 (42.9%, 95% CI 27.7–59.0) cases: in eight cases the indication was unrelated to COVID‐19 infection. Pneumonia was diagnosed in 19/42 (45.2%, 95% CI 29.8–61.3) cases: of these, 7/19 (36.8%, 95% CI 16.3–61.6) required oxygen support and 4/19 (21.1%, 95% CI 6.1–45.6) were admitted to a critical care unit. Two women with COVID‐19 breastfed without a mask because infection was diagnosed in the postpartum period: their newborns tested positive for SARS‐Cov‐2 infection. In one case, a newborn had a positive test after a vaginal operative delivery.ConclusionsAlthough postpartum infection cannot be excluded with 100% certainty, these findings suggest that vaginal delivery is associated with a low risk of intrapartum SARS‐Cov‐2 transmission to the newborn.Tweetable abstractThis study suggests that vaginal delivery may be associated with a low risk of intrapartum SARS‐Cov‐2 transmission to the newborn.
Laparoscopic ablation or excision with helium thermal coagulator versus electrodiathermy for the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate endometriosis: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Misra G , Sim J , El‐Gizawy Z , Watts K , Jerreat S , Coia T , Ritchie J , O'Brien S 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo compare electrodiathermy with helium thermal coagulation in laparoscopic treatment of mild‐to‐moderate endometriosis.DesignParallel‐group randomised controlled trial.SettingA UK endometriosis centre.PopulationNon‐pregnant women aged 16–50 years with a clinical diagnosis of mild‐to‐moderate endometriosis.MethodsIf mild or moderate endometriosis was confirmed at laparoscopy, women were randomised to laparoscopic treatment with electrodiathermy or helium thermal coagulator.Main outcome measuresCyclical pain and dyspareunia (rated on a 100‐mm visual analogue scale, VAS), quality of life at baseline and at 6, 12 and 36 weeks following surgery, operative blood loss and surgical complications.ResultsA total of 192 women were randomised. Of these, 155 (81%) completed the primary outcome point at 12 weeks. In an intention‐to‐treat analysis, VAS scores for cyclical pain were significantly lower in the electrodiathermy group compared with the helium group at 12 weeks (mean difference, 9.43 mm; 95% CI 0.46, 18.40 mm; P = 0.039) and across all time points (mean difference, 10.13 mm; 95% CI 3.48, 16.78 mm; P = 0.003). A significant difference in dyspareunia also favoured electrodiathermy at 12 weeks (mean difference, 11.66 mm; 95% CI 1.39, 21.93 mm; P = 0.026). These effects were smaller than the proposed minimum important difference of 18.00 mm, however. Differences in some aspects of quality of life favoured electrodiathermy. There was no significant difference in operative blood loss (fold‐change with helium as reference, 1.43; 95% CI 0.96, 2.15; P = 0.081).ConclusionsAlthough electrodiathermy was statistically superior to helium ablation in reducing cyclical pain and dyspareunia, these effects may be too small to be clinically significant.Tweetable abstractHelium coagulation is not superior to electrodiathermy in laparoscopic treatment of mild‐to‐moderate endometriosis.
Characterization of the flavor compounds in wheat bran and biochemical conversion for application in food
Authors: Li Qian , Sun Haoran , Zhang Min , Wu Tao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWheat bran, an abundant and low‐cost by‐product from agricultural processing, can be used as an alternative food resource. Biochemical conversion of wheat bran to food ingredient involves pretreatments of bran to enhance its acceptability. In this work, the effects of the Maillard reaction and enzymolysis on flavor properties of wheat bran and sensory evaluation of steamed buns fortified with wheat bran were analyzed using GC‐MS combined with sensory evaluation. The results showed that the Maillard reaction and enzymatic hydrolysis, as well as flavoring process, could effectively improve the flavor profiles of wheat bran. The flavor compounds in modified wheat bran products as well as its fuzzy sensory score increased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with those in commercially available dry malt extract. Additionally, steamed buns fortified with wheat bran had enhanced flavor and overall acceptability. The study can be useful in valorization a plethora of grain bran (waste) into valuable resources.
Association of second surveillance colonoscopy findings with index and first surveillance colonoscopy results
Authors: Okagawa Yutaka , Sumiyoshi Tetsuya , Tomita Yusuke , Uozumi Takeshi , Iida Reiichi , Sakano Hiroya , Tokuchi Kaho , Jin Takashi , Yoshida Masahiro , Fujii Ryoji , Minagawa Takeyoshi , Morita Kohtaro , Yane Kei , Ihara Hideyuki , Hirayama Michiaki , Kondo Hitoshi 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveAlthough there have been established guidelines for first surveillance colonoscopy (FSC) after a polypectomy, there is no consensus on performing a second surveillance colonoscopy (SSC), especially in Asian countries. This study aimed to investigate the association of SSC findings with index total colonoscopy (TCS) and FSC results.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective cohort study involving 1928 consecutive Japanese patients who had received three or more colonoscopies. High‐risk colonoscopic findings were defined as advanced adenoma (≥10 mm in size, with a villous histology or high‐grade dysplasia) or more than three adenomas, whereas low‐risk findings were defined as one to two non‐advanced adenomas. On the basis of index TCS results, the patients were divided into three groups: no adenomas (NA) (n = 888), low‐risk (LR) (n = 476), and high‐risk (HR) (n = 564) groups, respectively.ResultsIn the NA group, the rate of high‐risk findings on SSC was significantly higher in patients with high‐risk or low‐risk findings on FSC than in those with no adenoma (7.7% and 7.9% vs 2.2%, P < 0.05). Patients in the LR and HR groups with high‐risk findings on FSC had a significantly higher risk on SSC than those with low‐risk findings or no adenoma on FSC (LR group: 28.6%, 9.4%, and 5.9%, respectively, P < 0.01; HR group: 34.5%, 18.8%, and 7.9%, respectively, P < 0.01).ConclusionsIndex TCS and especially FSC findings were predictive of SSC results. The study results may be useful for determining appropriate intervals for surveillance colonoscopy in Asian countries.
Honey bee (Apis mellifera) gut microbiota promotes host endogenous detoxification capability via regulation of P450 gene expression in the digestive tract
Authors: Wu Yuqi , Zheng Yufei , Chen Yanan , Wang Shuai , Chen Yanping , Hu Fuliang , Zheng Huoqing 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThere is growing number of studies demonstrating a close relationship between insect gut microbiota and insecticide resistance. However, the contribution of the honey bee gut microbiota to host detoxification ability has yet to be investigated. In order to address this question, we compared the expression of cytochrome P450s (P450s) genes between gut microbiota deficient (GD) workers and conventional gut community (CV) workers and compared the mortality rates and the pesticide residue levels of GD and CV workers treated with thiacloprid or tau‐fluvalinate. Our results showed that gut microbiota promotes the expression of P450 enzymes in the midgut, and the mortality rate and pesticide residue levels of GD workers are significantly higher than those of CV workers. Further comparisons between tetracycline‐treated workers and untreated workers demonstrated that antibiotic‐induced gut dysbiosis leads to attenuated expression of P450s in the midgut. The co‐treatment of antibiotics and pesticides leads to reduced survival rate and a significantly higher amount of pesticide residues in honey bees. Taken together, our results demonstrated that honey bee gut symbiont could contribute to bee health through the modification of the host xenobiotics detoxification pathways and revealed a potential negative impact of antibiotics to honey bee detoxification ability and health.
Changes in Hemodynamic Response Function Resulting From Chronic Alcohol Consumption
Authors: Desmond John E. , Rice Laura C. , Cheng Dominic T. , Hua Jun , Qin Qin , Rilee Jessica J. , Faulkner Monica L. , Sheu Yi‐Shin , Mathena Joanna R. , Wand Gary S. , McCaul Mary E. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundFunctional MRI (fMRI) task‐related analyses rely on an estimate of the brain's hemodynamic response function (HRF) to model the brain's response to events. Although changes in the HRF have been found after acute alcohol administration, the effects of heavy chronic alcohol consumption on the HRF have not been explored, and the potential benefits or pitfalls of estimating each individual's HRF on fMRI analyses of chronic alcohol use disorder (AUD) are not known.MethodsParticipants with AUD and controls (CTL) received structural, functional, and vascular scans. During fMRI, participants were cued to tap their fingers, and averaged responses were extracted from the motor cortex. Curve fitting on these HRFs modeled them as a difference between 2 gamma distributions, and the temporal occurrence of the main peak and undershoot of the HRF was computed from the mean of the first and second gamma distributions, respectively.ResultsANOVA and regression analyses found that the timing of the HRF undershoot increased significantly as a function of total lifetime drinking. Although gray matter volume in the motor cortex decreased with lifetime drinking, this was not sufficient to explain undershoot timing shifts, and vascular factors measured in the motor cortex did not differ among groups. Comparison of random‐effects analyses using custom‐fitted and canonical HRFs for CTL and AUD groups showed better results throughout the brain for custom‐fitted versus canonical HRFs for CTL subjects. For AUD subjects, the same was true except for the basal ganglia.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that excessive alcohol consumption is associated with changes in the HRF undershoot. HRF changes could provide a possible biomarker for the effects of lifetime drinking on brain function. Changes in HRF topography affect fMRI activation measures, and subject‐specific HRFs generally improve fMRI activation results.