bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A one-step mild acid route to fabricate high performance porous anti-reflective optical films from cationic polymeric nanolatex
Authors: Zhang Tong , Jia Jiannan , Xiao Yao , Shen Binhua , Wang Zhiyong , Yi Xiaosu , Qiao Xvsheng , Zhao Yan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPorous silica anti-reflection (AR) films are of importance in solar cells’ photon harvest. However, the usual utilized method to fabricate AR films is the two-step method since the formation of porous silica NPs (first step) and silica coating sol (second step) always require chemical systems at distinct pH values. To reduce the complexity of the process, we choose cationic emulsion as an approach to produce the porosity and propose a convenient one-step route to get high-performance antireflective films. A single layer SiO2 anti-reflective (AR) film with high optical transmittance up to 97.5% at 740 nm was fabricated from composite sol that was made from cationic emulsion nanolatex and tetraethylorthosilicate under acid catalysis condition. After calcination, the transmittance of AR coated glasses still held the transmittance of 96% at 550 nm. Composited with SiO2, Al2O3, or TiO2 sol binders, the transmittance of AR coated glasses could be recovered as high as 97.9% at 650 nm and the pencil hardness was further strengthened up to 6H. The composite sol can keep stable at least one month at ambient temperature without any visible precipitation. Therefore, the proposed method is promising for developing high-performance AR films effectively and economically.
Survival and regeneration ability of clonal common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) after a single herbicide treatment in natural open sand grasslands
Authors: Bakacsy László , Bagi István 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInvasive species are a major threat to biodiversity, human health, and economies worldwide. Clonal growth is a common ability of most invasive plants. The clonal common milkweedAsclepias syriacaL. is the most widespread invasive species in Pannonic sand grasslands. Despite of being an invader in disturbed semi-natural vegetation, this plant prefers agricultural fields or plantations. Herbicide treatment could be one of the most cost-effective and efficient methods for controlling the extended stands of milkweed in both agricultural and protected areas. The invasion of milkweed stand was monitored from 2011 to 2017 in a strictly protected UNESCO biosphere reserve in Hungary, and a single herbicide treatment was applied in May 2014. This single treatment was successful only in a short-term but not in a long-term period, as the number of milkweed shoots decreased following herbicide treatment. The herbicide translocation by rhizomatic roots induced the damage of dormant bud banks. The surviving buds developing shoots, growth of the milkweed stand showed a slow regeneration for a longer-term period. We concluded that the successful control of milkweed after herbicide treatment depends on repeated management of treated areas to suppress further spreading during subsequent seasons.
Healing gone wrong: convergence of hemostatic pathways and liver fibrosis?
Authors: Davis Jessica P.E. , Caldwell Stephen H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Fibrosis results from a disordered wound healing response within the liver with activated hepatic stellate cells laying down dense, collagen-rich extracellular matrix that eventually restricts liver hepatic synthetic function and causes increased sinusoidal resistance. The end result of progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality as well as tremendous economic burden. Fibrosis can be conceptualized as an aberrant wound healing response analogous to a chronic ankle sprain that is driven by chronic liver injury commonly over decades. Two unique aspects of hepatic fibrosis – the chronic nature of insult required and the liver’s unique ability to regenerate – give an opportunity for pharmacologic intervention to stop or slow the pace of fibrosis in patients early in the course of their liver disease. Two potential biologic mechanisms link together hemostasis and fibrosis: focal parenchymal extinction and direct stellate cell activation by thrombin and Factor Xa. Available translational research further supports the role of thrombosis in fibrosis. In this review, we will summarize what is known about the convergence of hemostatic changes and hepatic fibrosis in chronic liver disease and present current preclinical and clinical data exploring the relationship between the two. We will also present clinical trial data that underscores the potential use of anticoagulant therapy as an antifibrotic factor in liver disease.
Deformation uniformity of additively manufactured materials on the example of austenitic stainless steel 321 and copper C11000
Authors: Panfilov A , Knyazhev E , Kalashnikova T , Kalashnikov K , Nikonov S , Gusarova A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Structural studies and mechanical tests of additively manufactured samples from AISI 321 steel copper C110000 have been carried out. Mechanical tensile tests of 321 steel show slight differences in the ultimate tensile strength (up to 3-4%) and ductility (up to 10%) of test coupons tested along the material growth direction and along the layer deposition direction. The strength of C11000 copper samples is 9.4% higher in the layer deposition direction, but their ductility is 15.4% lower than that of samples deformed in the growth direction. The strain relief on the surface of the polished gage section of the steel test coupons demonstrates changes in the material structure with small elongated grains along the growth direction of the sample. The deformation relief of copper samples is mainly related to the deformation of large columnar grains stretched in the growth direction.
Influence of Substrates on Conductivity of Thin Carbon Films Deposited by Methane Plasma and Subsequent Annealed
Authors: Neustroev E P , Prokopiev A R , Popov V I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The properties of thin carbon films obtained by the deposition of carbon in CH4 - plasma on the surface of various substrates (Si, SiO2 and quartz glass) and subsequent annealing at 650 to 800 °C were investigated. The sizes of graphene domains from 5 to 15 nm from Raman spectra were determined which increases with rising temperature on synthesis of carbon films. Also, sizes of graphene domains were estimated based on the electrical conductivities of obtained carbon films, and their values were equal ∼10.8 nm. The Efros-Shklovskii variable-range hopping (ES-VRH) conduction mechanism is replaced by percolation conductivity with increasing temperature from 650 to 800° C. When using Si substrates, the hopping mechanism was not observed at all temperatures.
Influence of preceramic paper composition on microstructure and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered Ti3SiC2-based composites
Authors: Sedanova E P , Kashkarov E B , Syrtanov M S , Abdullina K R , Mingazova Y R , Lider A M , Travitzky N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper describes the effect of preceramic paper composition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti3SiC2-based composites. The preceramic paper with Ti3SiC2-powder filler and different content (from 10 to 40 wt.%) of organic component (cellulose) was prepared. The composites were obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 50 MPa pressure for 10 min holding time. The sintering temperature was 1473 K. The influence of organic content on microstructure, phase composition, and flexural strength of the sintered materials was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and mechanical testing, respectively. It was revealed that the microstructure of the sintered materials became more porous with increasing of cellulose content in the paper. XRD analysis showed the presence of Ti3SiC2, TiC and TiSi2 phases in the sintered samples while the content of the Ti3SiC2 phase increase with decreasing of the organic content. The flexural strength changes from 100 (40 wt.%) to 300 MPa (10 wt.% organic binder) that is caused by porosity of the composites.
Disordering of carbon nanotubes by ion bombardment
Authors: Stepanov A V , Popov A P , Dimitrieva A I , Kovalenko A V , Yumanov D S , Shemukhin A A , Vorobyeva E A , Elsehly Emad M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, the formation of defects during the ionic modification of carbon nanotubes was studied. It was shown that during the ionic modification of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, the defect formation mechanism is reduced not only to the formation of recoil atoms by ions, but also due to the thermal peak. It can be seen that the radial distribution function for the irradiated nanotube is significantly different from the radial distribution function of a heated 4000 K nanotube. In addition, disorder has a special character: in the case of ion irradiation, in contrast to heating.
Study of the optical properties of asphaltenes of wax deposits of oil-water emulsions
Authors: Savelyeva A V , Nebogina N A , Prozorova I V , Yudina N V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, based on a comprehensive analysis of the optical absorption spectra obtained by spectrophotometry in the visible region, the change in the stability of asphaltenes isolated from wax deposits of emulsions with different water contents were studied. Asphaltenes of oil-water emulsion wax deposit with a small water content are characterized by maximum values of the light absorption coefficient. Asphaltenes which characterized by maximum values of the coefficient of light absorption and more capable of aggregation form wax deposit of 10 and 30 % of water-oil emulsions. A further increase in the water content in the emulsion to 50 and 70 % leads to the fact that the values of the light absorption coefficient are reduced, i.e. wax deposit form more stable asphaltenes. The least stable asphaltenes contain a highly aromatic polar fraction, are characterized by high molecular weights and precipitate from emulsions with a small water content and minimal average droplet sizes.
Higher order fully implicit cell-centered finite volume method for simulation of oil-water displacement in porous medium
Authors: Dil D O 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper a fully implicit cell-centered finite volume method with Higher-Order Upwind scheme (HOU) for convective flow approximation is presented for numerical solution of oil-water displacement problem. Main advantages of this scheme are the robustness, accuracy and rapid convergence of Newton technique, used for linearization obtained discrete equations. Using of HOU scheme allows receive second order approximation of flux in the regions of slow saturation changing and stable solution near to the shocks. Efficiency of proposed scheme is verified by numerical tests.
Potentiometric determination of nickel (II) with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NaDEDC)
Authors: Zakharkiva A M , Shumar S V 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe article presents the results of potentiometric titration of the solution containing Ni (II) by the solution of sodium diethylditheocarbamate (NaDEDC). The possibilities of carbon composite electrode (CCE) and certain ion-selective and metal electrodes as the sensors for potentiometric determination of ions were investigated. The conditions for potentiometric titration of nickel (reagent, pH, composition of supporting solution, efficient electrode, effect of interfering ions) using sensors have been studied and optimized. The titration curves were processed by the linearization method which provide determination of equivalence point with high accuracy.
Potentiometric sensor for chromium (VI) determination
Authors: Shibaev A Yu , Shelkovnikov V V , Novolokov K Yu , Anishchenko M V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of rapid, miniature and high-sensitivity sensors to control the environment is a topical problem of analytical chemistry is a topical issue of analytical chemistry. The purpose of this paper is to create an ion-selective electrode for determining the chromium (VI). The electrode was formed by sequential electrochemical assembly. Chromotropic acid was used to form a stable compound with chromate ions. In order to create a highly developed electroactive surface, a polyaniline film was previously formed on the electrode. The tetraethoxysilane film was used as a semi-permeable membrane to prevent the washing out of modifier. This work studied the mechanism of analytic signal formation and proposed a possible structure of the final complex. The electrode allows determining the chromium concentration in the range of 10–6 ÷10–1 M. The method “introduced-found” and measurement data obtained by the method of spectrophotometry validate the results.
Synthesis and biochemical characteristics of bioactive calcium-phosphate materials obtained from alcohol solutions
Authors: Lyutova E , Gavrilov N , Kurzina I , Danilova E , Borilo L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Sol-gel method synthesized 2 series of powders with different TiO2 content in the system. The percentage of elements in terms of the oxide system SiO2–P2O5–CaO–TiO2 is: composition 1: 52–14–24–10, composition 2: 52–17–29–2 wt.%, respectively. Solutions of composition 1 are stable up to 11 days Solutions of composition 2 are stable up to 2 days. The physicochemical properties of calcium phosphate materials were studied using the methods of IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and elemental analysis. The biochemical activity of the tablets according to the Kokubo method showed a significant absorption of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions within 7 days.
Chromium nitride synthesis in co-flow filtration mode
Authors: Evseev N S , Ziatdinov M Kh , Tolynbekov A B 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, we considered an original setup that allows us to study the combustion of metal powders in a co-flow gas stream, and also presents the results of experimental studies on the combustion of chromium powder in a confined nitrogen-containing gas stream. This method has high energy efficiency and allows to get nitrides without the use of high pressures. The study of chromium combustion is justified by its high melting point at a relatively low exothermicity, which eliminates the influence of melting of the initial powder and synthesis products on the filtration process. This article presents the results of combustion of chromium powder with particle size δ = 63÷80 µm and δ = 500÷1000 μm. X-ray phase studies of the obtained powders were carried out. The effect of nitrogen-containing gas consumption on the degree of nitriding of combustion products is shown. It is established that the forced filtration mode allows the synthesis of non-stoichiometric chromium nitride Cr2N. The nitrogen content in the obtained Cr2N samples reached 9.6%.
The MnOx-Al2O3 catalysts in the reaction of C1-C3 hydrocarbons deep oxidation
Authors: Galanov S , Sidorova O , Magaev O 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The effect of the amount of Mn (II) in the precursor of manganese-aluminium oxide catalysts for the complete oxidation of hydrocarbons on the phase composition and kinetic parameters of the reaction was studied. It was shown that an increase in the amount of manganese in the catalysts results in an increase in the constants of C1-C3 hydrocarbons oxidation reaction rates. An increase in the number of carbon atoms in the alkane leads to an increase in the reaction rate and a decrease in the energy of reaction activation. Promising catalysts for the catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons were identified.
The effect of the air environment and prolonged illumination on conductivity and photoconductivity of organic-inorganic perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 films
Authors: Amasev D V , Krivogina E V , Khalipova O S , Zabolotskaya A V , Kozik V V , Ivonin I V , Kozyukhin S A , Kazanskii A G 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A significant effect of the environment (vacuum, air) on the results of measurements of CH3NH3PbI3 films conductivity and photoconductivity is shown. It was found that prolonged illumination with white light does not change the value of CH3NH3PbI3 interband photoconductivity (hν > 1.6 eV), but leads to a metastable increase in the photoconductivity near the quantum energy hν ≈ 1.2 eV. This indicates a photoinduced creation or filling of nonrecombination localized states, located at an energy distance of 1.2 eV from the transport level of nonequilibrium charge carriers.
On thermal effects of early structure formation of fluorogypsum composite binder
Authors: Anikanova L A , Volkova O V , Kudyakov A I , Lotov V A , Danilova E , Kurzina I A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article presents results of a research on changes in energy parameters of fluorogypsum composition of normal consistency with introduction of various additives (μΔn) such as construction gypsum G-5AII and sodium sulfate. The effects were assessed by temperature changes in the binder – water system. In order to compare processes of heat release in the studied gypsum-containing systems, the article presents results of analysis for the following ones: construction gypsum – water, fluorogypsum binder – water, fluorogypsum binder – construction gypsum – water and fluorogypsum binder – sodium sulfate – water. All processes of hydration and structure formation occurring in the system of fluorogypsum – water are accompanied by a change in temperature, which can be measured using differential microcalorimetry.
Applying Ternary Net Weights to the R-Mask Neural Network to Identify Bronchopulmonary Lung Segments
Authors: Francis N S , Francis N J , Axyonov S V , Saqib M , Xu Y , Aljasar S A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to develop an algorithm for detecting bronchopulmonary segments in lung Computer Tomography (CT) images, while reducing computational costs. The algorithm is implemented without the use of a graphics processor (GPU). The main algorithm of the proposed system introduces ternary weights into Mask R-CNN. The ternary hyperbolic tangent function replaces Mask R-CNN’s activation function to reduce overhead costs. This is a convenient and inexpensive system, designed to help radiologists to detect bronchopulmonary lung segmentation with high accuracy.
Computer-aided simulation of WC-10Co-4Cr cermet coatings formation and predictive detection of optimal spraying regimes
Authors: Jordan V I , Gulyaev I P , Kuzmin V I , Blednov V A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The results of computational experiments on the formation of thermal spray WC-10Co4Cr coatings are presented. The effect of sprayed particles velocity (200-1000 m/s), temperature (1600-2500 K) and the size (15-40 microns), as well as substrate temperature (300-600 K), on the properties of coatings (porosity, roughness, adhesion) has been studied. Ranges of particle parameters have been determined, which ensure their spreading process without «splashing» and the formation of coatings with low porosity and high adhesion. A qualitative comparison of the calculation results with experimental data on high-velocity plasma spraying of WC-10Co4Cr coatings is carried out.
A discontinuous Galerkin method for mathematical simulating of gas-liquid mixture flows
Authors: Shurina E P , Itkina N B , Markov S I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We present mathematical simulating results of a gas-liquid mixture flow in a cylindrical pipe. The gas-liquid mixture consists of the mineralized water and propane gas. To analyze the mineral composition of the fluid, a sensor is mounted in the pipe. The sensor affects the topology of the flow velocity vector field. The gas-liquid mixture flow is described by the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations. When the flow rate of gas-liquid mixtures exceeds 20 m/s, eddy flows occur in the pipe with obstacles. A method of discretization should take into account the problem specifics: rapidly changing gradients, the prevalence of the convective term in the Navier-Stokes equations. A computational scheme of discontinuous Galerkin method has the local conservative property and is best suited for solving such singularly perturbed problems. To perform a spatial discretization, a computational scheme of the discontinuous Galerkin method in the function spaces H(div) and L
2 is used. Application of the multiscale approach allows breaking down the solution of the simulation problem into several smaller ones that can be solved using parallel computations. Mathematical modeling results of the gas-liquid mixture flow in the pipe with different options for the sensor location are presented.
Modernization of mechatronic smart windows system to counteract the spread of COVID-19
Authors: Mikhailov L , Mikhailova S , Yersaiyn R , Ismailova G , Kenes N , Makhmutov R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In terms of COVID-19 pandemic, the mechatronic system, essentially a smart window, supplemented with devices for interception and disinfection of drops and capsules with viruses and bacteria, both outside and inside. This allows preventing the ingress of infected aerosols into the room along with streams of air rising along the buildings and spreading inside it in the presence of infected people along with turbulent jets of air. With widespread use, the system helps to reduce the spread of infection, transmitted mainly by airborne droplets. The hardware for controlling the window system is performed on a board from the Arduino MEGA 2560 R3 ATMEGA16U2 family, two control boards with ten relays and ten sensor modules. Control program for the window system control circuit is written in the LabVIEW graphical programming environment (National Instrument USA).
Computerized measuring system for study of aluminum alloy defects
Authors: Malikov V , Sagalakov A , Fadeev D , Katasonov A , Dmitriev S , Ishkov A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The hardware-software complex which allows carrying out defect detection in materials based on various aluminum alloys was developed using a transducer based on eddy current effects. The hardware-software complex included the developed software coded in C++. A digital displacement transducer operated by an Arduino microcontroller has been designed, which can automatically move the transducer over a test object. In order to test the system operability, a series of scans of plates made of duralumin and aluminum-magnesium alloys with knowingly existing internal defects in the form of cuts imitating the presence of cracks in the metal and located at depths from 1 to 5.5 mm was made. This paper provides information illustrating the correlations between the system response to a 700 Hz signal and the presence of internal material defects. The eddy-current transducer exciting winding signal frequency exerts significant influence on this process, and this has been also demonstrated in the study.
The Effective Application of Image Processing Technology in the Practice of Environmental Art Courses under the Background of Internationalization
Authors: Jianwei Liu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Image processing technology can provide necessary tools for the practice of environmental art courses. Especially in internationalization, the use of modern technologies such as image processing technology in environmental art courses can be in line with international standards and improve the quality. However, in the actual application, problems such as the unreasonable application mode of environmental art courses and the need to increase the use of image processing technology have arisen. This article will study the problems that arise in the technology in environmental art courses, and provide some opinions and suggestions on how to promote.