bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic cultivation of medicinal crops in the efforts to support the sustainable availability of Jamu raw materials
Authors: Trisilawati O. , Rizal M. , Pribadi E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Jamu is an Indonesian herbal medicinal product, as part of the traditional natural health care of Indonesia’s national cultural heritage. Jamu raw material consists of a single preparation or combination of several types of nutritious medicinal plants, collected from nature and cultivated by farmers. Nowadays, medicinal crops farmers rarely apply organic cultivation on their land. Along with the increase in public awareness and the global demand of efficacious but safe herbal products, the organic cultivation of medicinal plants is a necessity. In organic farming, crop cultivation relies on the use of organic (natural) ingredients and avoids the use of synthetic chemical inputs (pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers), and genetically modified organism seeds. The integrity of the material produced is guaranteed by third parties through the issuance of organic certificates after going through a series of audit processes on documents and production processes in the field and storage area known as organic certification. Certification of organic plant cultivation in Indonesia has been regulated in SNI 6729: 2016 concerning the Organic Farming System. Many researchs found that medicinal plants cultivated organically could improve efficacious compounds. Research to compile GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) for medicinal plants cultivated organically in Indonesia needs to be encouraged to support the sustainable supply and efficacious of Jamu raw materials.
Evaluation of conservation application in dryland maize farming in Central Java Province, Indonesia under climate change
Authors: Barokah U , Rahayu W , Fajarningsih R U 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Climate change affects soil degradation, water, and crop. Thus, the adaptation of land management and crop rotation to minimize the impact of climate change is needed. Maize is an important commodity in Indonesia. Central Java province contributes to national production amounted to 40.07% during 2003-2015. In order to increase maize production, dryland farming becomes a good alternative. However, dryland is sensitive to erosion and a lack of nutrients. Thus, an adaptation of climate change can made by applying the conservation of both mechanic and vegetative. This study aims to evaluate the implementation and recommend alternative conservation improvement efforts on farming dryland maize in Central Java. The study was conducted in Central Java by using 270 respondents of dryland maize farm households in Wonogiri, Kendal, Tegal, Grobogan, Wonosobo, and Banjarnegara districts. Conservation Activity Index (CAI) is applied to describe the habits that have been carried out by farmers to preserve their farmland. The results showed that the CAI of maize farmers on dryland in Central Java Province is in the range of 43.5% to 95.7%, with an average conservation application of 75.08%. About 68.9% of farmers are in the medium of the CAI category. Evaluation result showed that conservation activities that are still weak in its application are vegetative conservation methods. Thus, we recommend increasing the cultivation of land cover and annual crops, and the use of mulch to enhance the conservation of dryland maize farming.
Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome due to RFC1 repeat expansion
Authors: Cortese Andrea , Tozza Stefano , Yau Wai Yan , Rossi Salvatore , Beecroft Sarah J , Jaunmuktane Zane , Dyer Zoe , Ravenscroft Gianina , Lamont Phillipa J , Mossman Stuart , Chancellor Andrew , Maisonobe Thierry , Pereon Yann , Cauquil Cecile , Colnaghi Silvia , Mallucci Giulia , Curro Riccardo , Tomaselli Pedro J , Thomas-Black Gilbert , Sullivan Roisin , Efthymiou Stephanie , Rossor Alexander M , Laurá Matilde , Pipis Menelaos , Horga Alejandro , Polke James , Kaski Diego , Horvath Rita , Chinnery Patrick F , Marques Wilson , Tassorelli Cristina , Devigili Grazia , Leonardis Lea , Wood Nick W , Bronstein Adolfo , Giunti Paola , Züchner Stephan , Stojkovic Tanya , Laing Nigel , Roxburgh Richard H , Houlden Henry , Reilly Mary M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Ataxia, causing imbalance, dizziness and falls, is a leading cause of neurological disability. We have recently identified a biallelic intronic AAGGG repeat expansion in replication factor complex subunit 1 (RFC1) as the cause of cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) and a major cause of late onset ataxia. Here we describe the full spectrum of the disease phenotype in our first 100 genetically confirmed carriers of biallelic repeat expansions in RFC1 and identify the sensory neuropathy as a common feature in all cases to date. All patients were Caucasian and half were sporadic. Patients typically reported progressive unsteadiness starting in the sixth decade. A dry spasmodic cough was also frequently associated and often preceded by decades the onset of walking difficulty. Sensory symptoms, oscillopsia, dysautonomia and dysarthria were also variably associated. The disease seems to follow a pattern of spatial progression from the early involvement of sensory neurons, to the later appearance of vestibular and cerebellar dysfunction. Half of the patients needed walking aids after 10 years of disease duration and a quarter were wheelchair dependent after 15 years. Overall, two-thirds of cases had full CANVAS. Sensory neuropathy was the only manifestation in 15 patients. Sixteen patients additionally showed cerebellar involvement, and six showed vestibular involvement. The disease is very likely to be underdiagnosed. Repeat expansion in RFC1 should be considered in all cases of sensory ataxic neuropathy, particularly, but not only, if cerebellar dysfunction, vestibular involvement and cough coexist.
APOBEC3B expression in breast cancer cell lines and tumors depends on the estrogen receptor status
Authors: Udquim Krizia-Ivana , Zettelmeyer Clara , Banday A Rouf , Lin Seraph Han-Yin , Prokunina-Olsson Ludmila 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Increased exposure to estrogen is associated with an elevated risk of breast cancer. Considering estrogen as a possible mutagen, we hypothesized that exposure to estrogen alone or in combination with the DNA-damaging chemotherapy drug, cisplatin, could induce expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in APOBEC-mediated mutagenesis. To test this hypothesis, we measured the expression of APOBEC3A (A3A) and APOBEC3B (A3B) genes in two breast cancer cell lines treated with estradiol, cisplatin or their combination. These cell lines, T-47D (ER+) and MDA-MB-231 (ER−), differed by the status of the estrogen receptor (ER). Expression of A3A was not detectable in any conditions tested, while A3B expression was induced by treatment with cisplatin and estradiol in ER+ cells but was not affected by estradiol in ER− cells. In The Cancer Genome Atlas, expression of A3B was significantly associated with genotypes of a regulatory germline variant rs17000526 upstream of the APOBEC3 cluster in 116 ER− breast tumors (P = 0.006) but not in 387 ER+ tumors (P = 0.48). In conclusion, we show that in breast cancer cell lines, A3B expression was induced by estradiol in ER+ cells and by cisplatin regardless of ER status. In ER+ breast tumors, the effect of estrogen may be masking the association of rs17000526 with A3B expression, which was apparent in ER− tumors. Our results provide new insights into the differential etiology of ER+ and ER− breast cancer and the possible role of A3B in this process through a mitogenic rather than the mutagenic activity of estrogen.
DNA Methylation-Mediated Modulation of Endocytosis as Potential Mechanism for Synaptic Function Regulation in Murine Inhibitory Cortical Interneurons
Authors: Pensold Daniel , Reichard Julia , Van Loo Karen M J , Ciganok Natalja , Hahn Anne , Bayer Cathrin , Liebmann Lutz , Groß Jonas , Tittelmeier Jessica , Lingner Thomas , Salinas-Riester Gabriela , Symmank Judit , Halfmann Claas , González-Bermúdez Lourdes , Urbach Anja , Gehrmann Julia , Costa Ivan , Pieler Tomas , Hübner Christian A , Vatter Hartmut , Kampa Björn , Becker Albert J , Zimmer-Bensch Geraldine 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The balance of excitation and inhibition is essential for cortical information processing, relying on the tight orchestration of the underlying subcellular processes. Dynamic transcriptional control by DNA methylation, catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), and DNA demethylation, achieved by ten–eleven translocation (TET)-dependent mechanisms, is proposed to regulate synaptic function in the adult brain with implications for learning and memory. However, focus so far is laid on excitatory neurons. Given the crucial role of inhibitory cortical interneurons in cortical information processing and in disease, deciphering the cellular and molecular mechanisms of GABAergic transmission is fundamental. The emerging relevance of DNMT and TET-mediated functions for synaptic regulation irrevocably raises the question for the targeted subcellular processes and mechanisms. In this study, we analyzed the role dynamic DNA methylation has in regulating cortical interneuron function. We found that DNMT1 and TET1/TET3 contrarily modulate clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Moreover, we provide evidence that DNMT1 influences synaptic vesicle replenishment and GABAergic transmission, presumably through the DNA methylation-dependent transcriptional control over endocytosis-related genes. The relevance of our findings is supported by human brain sample analysis, pointing to a potential implication of DNA methylation-dependent endocytosis regulation in the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy, a disease characterized by disturbed synaptic transmission.
Epidemiology of Left Ventricular Assist Device Infections: Findings From a Large Nonregistry Cohort
Authors: Blanco-Guzman Merilda O , Wang Xiaowen , Vader Justin M , Olsen Margaret A , Dubberke Erik R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Infection is a major complication during circulatory support with a left ventricular assist device (VAD). Changes in device characteristics and treatment practices in the last decade can affect the epidemiology of infection. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) has published recommendations on the prevention and management of VAD infections, but data to support these recommendations remain sparse.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of 455 patients who underwent VAD placement from 2009 to 2015. Infection episodes were defined using ISHLT criteria and were also grouped as endovascular or local. Analysis included descriptive statistics.

Results
There were 174 patients (38.6%) with a VAD infection. Infection incidence was 36.9 cases per 100 person-years of VAD support. The driveline was the most common infection site (67.2%). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria were not satisfied in 29.2% of patients with endovascular infections, and computed tomography (CT) examinations were normal in 37.7% of cases. Gram-positive bacteria caused 65.6% of infections in patients with an available culture. Antimicrobial suppression was used in 72.3% of patients who survived treatment. Median survival after infection was 35 months for patients with VAD-related infections versus 14 months for patients with VAD-specific infections.

Conclusions
VAD infections continue to be a major complication after implantation. Clinical criteria alone were not predictive of serious infections, and many patients with confirmed infection had normal CTs. Patients with VAD-specific infections had lower median survival than patients with VAD-related infections.
Imported haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by Dobrava–Belgrade hantavirus in France
Authors: Antoine Meghann , Langlois Marie Elodie , Bres Emilie , Rabeyrin Maud , Reynes Jean-Marc , Deeb Abbas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by hantavirus infections is rare but should be suspected in any patient presenting with flu-like symptoms, signs of haemolytic–uraemic syndrome or presence of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies. We report the first case of Dobrava–Belgrade virus in France imported from southeastern Europe. The characteristic macroscopic appearance of the fresh renal biopsy specimen, displaying a haemorrhagic appearance of the medulla, suggested hantavirus infection. AKI caused by hantavirus infections remains a diagnostic challenge, especially outside endemic areas.
Clinical significance of energy loss index in patients with low-gradient severe aortic stenosis and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Altes Alexandre , Ringle Anne , Bohbot Yohann , Bouchot Océane , Appert Ludovic , Guerbaai Raphaëlle A , Gun Mesut , Ennezat Pierre Vladimir , Tribouilloy Christophe , Maréchaux Sylvestre 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Aims
We hypothesized that among patients with low-gradient severe aortic stenosis (AS) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), reclassification of AS severity as moderate by pressure recovery adjusted indexed aortic valve area (AVAi) = energy loss index (ELI), may identify a subgroup of patients with a better outcome.

Methods and results
Three hundred and seventy-nine patients with low-gradient AS (defined by AVAi ≤ 0.6 cm2/m2 and mean aortic pressure gradient &lt; 40 mmHg) and preserved LVEF ≥50% were studied. Reclassification as moderate AS by ELI was defined as AVAi ≤0.6 cm2/m2 but with an ELI &gt;0.6 cm2/m2. Cardiac events [cardiac mortality and/or need for aortic valve replacement (AVR)] during follow-up were studied. One hundred and forty-eight patients (39%) were reclassified as moderate AS by ELI. Reclassification as moderate AS was independently associated with decreased body surface area, normal flow status, decreased left ventricular mass index, and left atrial volume index (all P &lt; 0.05). After adjustment for variables of prognostic interest, reclassification as moderate AS by ELI was associated with a considerable reduction of risk of cardiac events {adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.33–0.72]; P &lt; 0.001}, need for AVR [adjusted HR 0.52 (95% CI 0.34–0.81); P = 0.004], and cardiac mortality [adjusted HR 0.46 (95% CI 0.22–0.98); P = 0.044].

Conclusion
In patients with low-gradient severe AS and preserved LVEF, calculation of ELI permits to reclassify almost 40% of patients as having moderate AS. These reclassified patients have a considerable reduction of the risk of cardiac events during follow-up. Calculation of ELI is useful for decision-making in patients with low-gradient severe AS and preserved ejection fraction.
Association of relative wall thickness of left ventricle with incidence of thromboembolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: The Fushimi AF Registry
Authors: Tezuka Yuji , Iguchi Moritake , Hamatani Yasuhiro , Ogawa Hisashi , Esato Masahiro , Tsuji Hikari , Wada Hiromichi , Hasegawa Koji , Abe Mitsuru , Lip Gregory Y H , Akao Masaharu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsAtrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of thromboembolism, such as ischaemic stroke or systemic embolism (SE). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between left ventricular relative wall thickness (RWT) and the risk of thromboembolism in patients with non-valvular AF.Methods and resultsThe Fushimi AF Registry is a community-based prospective survey of the patients with AF in Japan. Analyses were performed on 3067 non-valvular AF patients, in which RWT values determined by transthoracic echocardiography were available at the baseline. The high-RWT group (RWT above the median) was more often female, older, and had higher systolic blood pressure, CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores, as compared with low-RWT group. During the median follow-up period of 1309 days, there was a higher incidence of ischaemic stroke/SE in the high-RWT group [unadjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.91; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.42–2.59]. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, including the components of CHA2DS2-VASc score, left atrial diameter, oral anticoagulant prescription at baseline, and type of AF, high RWT was independently associated with ischaemic stroke/SE (adjusted HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.34–2.47). Stratified analysis demonstrated no significant interaction for any subgroups. In Kaplan–Meier analysis, ordinal RWT quartiles stratified the incidence of ischaemic stroke/SE. Finally, addition of RWT to CHA2DS2-VASc score increased the performance of risk stratification for the incidence of stroke/SE.ConclusionRelative wall thickness was independently associated with ischaemic stroke/SE among Japanese patients with non-valvular AF, suggesting the importance of left ventricular morphology in contributing to adverse outcomes, particularly thromboembolism.
Adult congenital open-heart surgery: emergence of a new mortality score
Authors: Cho Mi-Young , Weidenbach Michael , Sinzobahamvya Nicodème , Gräfe Katharina , Murin Peter , Berger Felix , Photiadis Joachim 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
In revised 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD), the committee introduced a classification that combines lesion anatomy and physiological status: ACHD anatomic physiological (AP) classification. Anatomy is described as of simple (I), moderate (II) or great (III) complexity, whereas physiology is listed in 4 categories of increasing severity (A, B, C and D). Can this classification predict early postoperative mortality?

METHODS
ACHD AP classification was determined for 339 adults who underwent open-heart surgery between September 2012 and August 2018. In addition, the adult congenital heart surgery (ACHS) and Society of Thoracic Surgery-European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (STAT) mortality scores were calculated. A model based on binary logistic regression was applied. The event was early postoperative death. Mortality scores were estimated for each ACHD AP class.

RESULTS
All patients could be categorized by the ACHD AP classification. The 354 procedures were performed with an early mortality of 3.4% (12/354). The mortality risk for the new mortality score, simply called ACAP score, ranged from 0.2% (95% confidence interval 0.08–0.41%) for ACHD AP class IA to 20% (16.04–24.64%) for IIID class. Observed over expected ratios of early mortality amounted to 0.87, 1.54 and 1.14, whereas areas under the curve of receiver operator characteristic were found to be 0.78, 0.64 and 0.88 for STAT, ACHS and ACAP scores, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
ACHD AP classification could embrace all procedures. In our setting, the ACAP score was more predictive of early mortality than the ACHS and STAT mortality scores. It should be validated by further studies and other centres.
A VPS13D spastic ataxia mutation disrupts the conserved adaptor-binding site in yeast Vps13
Authors: Dziurdzik Samantha K , Bean Björn D M , Davey Michael , Conibear Elizabeth 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mutations in each of the four human VPS13 (VPS13A–D) proteins are associated with distinct neurological disorders: chorea-acanthocytosis, Cohen syndrome, early-onset Parkinson’s disease and spastic ataxia. Recent evidence suggests that the different VPS13 paralogs transport lipids between organelles at different membrane contact sites. How each VPS13 isoform is targeted to organelles is not known. We have shown that the localization of yeast Vps13 protein to membranes requires a conserved six-repeat region, the Vps13 Adaptor Binding (VAB) domain, which binds to organelle-specific adaptors. Here, we use a systematic mutagenesis strategy to determine the role of each repeat in recognizing each known adaptor. Our results show that mutation of invariant asparagines in repeats 1 and 6 strongly impacts the binding of all adaptors and blocks Vps13 membrane recruitment. However, we find that repeats 5–6 are sufficient for localization and interaction with adaptors. This supports a model where a single adaptor-binding site is found in the last two repeats of the VAB domain, while VAB domain repeat 1 may influence domain conformation. Importantly, a disease-causing mutation in VPS13D, which maps to the highly conserved asparagine residue in repeat 6, blocks adaptor binding and Vps13 membrane recruitment when modeled in yeast. Our findings are consistent with a conserved adaptor binding role for the VAB domain and suggest the presence of as-yet-unidentified adaptors in both yeast and humans.
Becoming a marine scientist: helped by a daily quota of three lumps of coal
Authors: Holt Sidney J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Growing up in the 1930s and being educated in England was much easier than it is now. The high school curriculum was necessarily pretty limited, and my energy went into physics, biology, and chemistry. At the University of Reading, I was pointed towards fisheries research. My first job interview resulted in me being hired as a “naturalist” at the Lowestoft Laboratory. My first trip on the North Sea, in winter, went well, and my boss Michael Graham showed me how to handle live fish gently. Back from that first voyage in spring 1946, I was introduced to my new colleague and close collaborator, Ray Beverton. Three lumps of coal is what Ray and I were allowed per day to keep us warm in the little annex of a terrace house on Lowestoft’s seafront. Much of the technical work on our 1957 book was completed by about 1950 when I left to take a job with the Nature Conservancy. In December 1953, I began a 25-year career with Food and Agriculture Organization’s Fisheries Division, which eventually led to my involvement with whales and the International Whaling Commission’s Committee of Three. My final years returned me to management issues regarding fisheries, especially demersal fishing in European Union waters, focusing on the matter of choosing target fishing mortality for sustainable fishing.
Oncostatin M Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Inflammatory Mediator for Sepsis
Authors: Gong Yi , Yan Xingxing , Sun Xiaomin , Chen Tangtian , Liu Yi , Cao Ju 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic cytokine of the interleukin-6 family. The role of OSM in sepsis remains unknown.

Methods
Serum OSM level was determined and analyzed in septic patients on the day of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Furthermore, the effects of OSM on polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were assessed.

Results
On the day of ICU admission, septic patients had significantly higher serum OSM levels when compared with ICU patient controls and healthy volunteers, which were related to the severity of sepsis, including parameters such as the sequential (sepsis-related) organ failure assessment score, procalcitonin level, and white blood cell number. A high serum OSM level on ICU admission was associated with 28-day mortality in septic patients. In CLP-induced polymicrobial sepsis, anti-OSM antibody decreased tissue inflammation and injury, and thus improved survival, while local and systemic bacterial dissemination was almost constant. Complementarily, supplementation with recombinant OSM protein in septic mice increased tissue injury, amplified inflammation, and worsened mortality after CLP, while it did not affect bacterial dissemination in septic mice.

Conclusions
Sepsis results in an increased production of OSM, which might be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for sepsis.