bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
РОЗРОБКА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ВИМІРЮВАЛЬНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ДЛЯ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПИЛУ АВТОДОРІГ
Authors: МИХАЙЛОВ Євгеній , ЖЕЛДАК Ілля 
Published: December 2024

В статті розкрито актуальність вирішення проблеми визначення та контролю кількості пилу на дорогах .
Досліджено науково-технічні підходи до вимірювання PM2.5 та PM10, а такожпроаналізовано їх ефективність і практичне застосування
Наведеной аналіз існуючих чинників і факторів, що впливають на рівень запиленості доріг, а також досліджено сучасні методи та системи для вимірювання концентрації пилових частинок. Обґрунтувано вибір оптимального методу вимірювання та розробки інформаційно-вимірювальної системи, орієнтуючись на найкращі практики та вимоги до моніторингу якості повітря в умовах міського середовища.
При дослідженні дорожнього пилу особлива увага приділяється кількості пилу від автомобільного транспорту та умов, що сприяють пилоутворенню. При детальному вивченні механізмів утворення пилу, які зумовлені тертям шин об дорожнє покриття, що виникає внаслідок контакту гуми з асфальтом. Аналіз джерел був спрямований на ідентифікацію фізико-хімічних процесів, що супроводжують цей контакт, з метою оцінки їхнього внеску в загальне забруднення повітря.
В результаті аналізу літературних джерел було розглянуто методи та системи моніторингу запиленості повітря як за кордоном, так і в Україні. Особливу увагу було приділено методу оптичного розсіювання, який був обраний для дослідження. Цей метод дозволяє точно вимірювати концентрацію та розмір частинок пилу в повітрі, що робить його ефективним інструментом для моніторингу якості повітря.
Розроблено інформаційно-вимірювальну систему для визнвчення кількості пилу на дорогах в реальному часі з заданою точністю вимірювання Система допускає збереження даних, що дозволить використовувати отриману базу даних для контроля якості повітря в містах, впровадження ефективних екологічних ініціатив і прийняття обґрунтованих рішень у сфері охорони навколишнього середовища.
МЕТОД САМООПТИМІЗУЮЧОГО КОНТРОЛЮ ЗАРЯДУ ТА РОЗРЯДУ АКУМУЛЯТОРНОЇ БАТАРЕЇ
Authors: МАРТИНЮК Валерій , ШВЕЦЬ Максим 
Published: December 2024

У статті розроблено структурну схему, яка реалізує метод самооптимізуючого контролю заряду та розряду акумуляторної батареї. Для контролю напруги використовується ПІД - регулятор із двома додатковими полюсами.
Для керування струмом використовуємо контроль пікового струму. Перевага цього типу контролю полягає в обмеженні максимального значення вхідного струму системи. При живленні від батареї цей тип керування діє як захід безпеки, запобігаючи надмірному споживанню струму навантаженням.
Вхідний струм системи (або струм через котушку, оскільки вони рівні, коли працює ) порівнюється з керуючим струмом таким чином, що коли струм стає більшим за опорний струм, керуючий сигнал вимикача деактивується. Таким чином, діє як граничне значення струму.
Les histoires de vie en formation : évolution vers un paradigme transdisciplinaire de formation de la vie, avec ouverture de fronts existentiels de recherche
Authors: Pineau Gaston 
Published: December 2024

À partir de quatre méga-questions distinctes mais liées - qui cherche quoi comment et pour quoi? – la communication commence par situer les écrits brésiliens de l’auteur, produits grâce à une coopération de vingt ans avec les recherches (auto)biographiques du CIPA. En priorisant et mettant en culture la prise de parole en première personne, ces recherches ouvrent de façon relativement insubordonnée mais coordonnée, de nouvelles voies de formations, vitales et existentielles. Ces recherches se situent dans le passage transitionnel du paradigme disciplinaire des sciences à appliquer à celui transdisciplinaire des personnes réflexives (1ère partie). Grâce au bilan effectué sur 200 ouvrages d’une collection histoire de vie et formation, la seconde analyse les huit fronts existentiels ouverts par ces recherches ancrées, comme autant d’amorces de réponses concrètes aux trois premières questions : qui cherche quoi et comment? La troisième partie traite la dernière sur les finalités : pour quoi? Comme réponse, elle développe la mise en culture d’un vert paradigme tripolaire de formation de la vie pour construire une histoire à trois vitesses et exister singulièrement dans et avec un monde social et cosmique, entre évolution/involution/révolution planétaire, naissance et mort. Le paradigme est encore vert. Mais une transition paradigmatique internationale et intergénérationnelle semble amorcée. L’insubordination s’est révélée heuristique.
Product Cordial Labeling Of Scale Graph S_{1,r}\left(C_3\right) For r\geq3
Authors: Irene Yanne , Lestari Winda Ayu Mei , Mahmudi Mahmudi , Manaqib Muhammad , Elfiyanti Gustina 
Published: December 2024

Graph theory plays a crucial role in various fields, including communication systems, computer networks, and integrated circuit design. One important aspect of this theory is product cordial labeling, which involves assigning labels to the vertices and edges of a graph in a specific way to achieve a balance. Despite extensive research, the product cordial labeling of scale graphs has not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating whether the scale graph can be labeled in a product cordial manner. To achieve this, we followed a three-step methodology: first, we identified the vertices and edge notations of the scale graph ; second, we assigned binary labels (0 and 1) to each vertex and edge to identify a pattern; and third, we proved that this pattern meets the criteria for product cordial labeling. Our findings reveal that the scale graph does indeed support product cordial labeling, thus confirming it as a product cordial graph. This research not only advances our understanding of graph labeling but also provides practical insights that can be applied to optimize network structures and address complex problems in science and engineering.Graph theory plays a crucial role in various fields, including communication systems, computer networks, and integrated circuit design. One important aspect of this theory is product cordial labeling, which involves assigning labels to the vertices and edges of a graph in a specific way to achieve a balance. Despite extensive research, the product cordial labeling of scale graphs has not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating whether the scale graph can be labeled in a product cordial manner. To achieve this, we followed a three-step methodology: first, we identified the vertices and edge notations of the scale graph ; second, we assigned binary labels (0 and 1) to each vertex and edge to identify a pattern; and third, we proved that this pattern meets the criteria for product cordial labeling. Our findings reveal that the scale graph does indeed support product cordial labeling, thus confirming it as a product cordial graph. This research not only advances our understanding of graph labeling but also provides practical insights that can be applied to optimize network structures and address complex problems in science and engineering.
Exploring Elementary School Student's Computational Thinking In Terms Of Cognitive Style
Authors: Suwarno Bambang Adi , Masduki Masduki 
Published: December 2024

Mathematics learning in the independent curriculum emphasizes the pedagogical dimension which aims to create active students so that they are able to develop their thinking patterns and get them used to finding solutions to their own problems. This study uses qualitative methods to investigate elementary school students' abilities through computational thinking, focusing on the cognitive styles of Field Independence (FI) and Field Dependence (FD). The subjects in this study amounted to 14 fifth grade students of public elementary schools in Klaten Regency, Central Java Province. Researchers used data collection instruments in the form of test, learning style questionnaires and interviews. The number of test compiled consisted of 5 items. Before use, the test were validated by 3 mathematics education experts and tested on 5 fifth grade students. After validation and testing, the test that can be used consist of 3 test. Based on the results of tests and learning style questionnaires, research took one of the students' test results with a Field Independent learning style and 1 student with a Field Dependent learning style. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the computational thinking process of the two subjects in solving problems. At the abstraction stage, FI students are able to answer important factors that need to be considered in making conclusions, FI students are also able to explain alternative solutions to the problems given appropriately. Meanwhile, FD students tend to work directly so they tend to experience errors at the pattern recognition, algorithm thinking and generalization stages. Thus, it can be concluded that students with a field independent cognitive style are more active in using computational thinking processes than students with a field dependent cognitive style.
Blood pressure correlates poorly with left ventricular output and	celiac artery blood flow in preterm infants in the first 48 hours of life
Authors: EL-Khuffash Afif F. , Walsh Kevin , Molloy Eleanor J. 
Published: December 2024

Background: There is poor correlation between invasive blood pressure (BP), left and right ventricular outputs, and superior vena cava flow. Few data exists on the relationship between BP and celiac artery blood flow in preterm infants. Objective: To assess the relationship between BP and left/right ventricular outputs (LVO and RVO), and celiac artery blood flow in preterm infants during the first 48 hours of life. Study Design: Thirty infants with a median [inter quartile range (IQR)] age of 27.4 [25.8–29.3] weeks and median birth weight [IQR] of 1014 [0.720–1.260] g underwent 60 echocardiographic examinations at 12 and 48 hours of age. Simultaneous measurements of LVO, RVO, CAF and invasive BP were taken. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) was calculated. Non parametric tests were used for analysis. Results: BP correlated with RVO at 12 hours but not 48 hours. There was no correlation between BP and LVO or CAF at 12 or 48 hours. CAF correlated with LVO in the absence of a significant PDA (r=0.55). There was a negative correlation between CAF and SVR (r=0.90). Conclusion: BP is not a reliable measure of CAF, LVO and RVO. CAF is mainly determined by LVO and possibly SVR. CAF may be used in conjunction with other echocardiographic markers to assess the haemodynamic status of preterm infants.
Management of neonatal upper airway obstruction: Decreased	morbidity by utilizing a decision tree model with mandibular distraction	osteogenesis
Authors: Vyas Raj M. , Dipple Katrina M. , Head Christian , Wald Samuel H. , Wasson Kristy L. , Gabbay Joubin S. , Tahernia Amir , Bradley James P. 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Upper airway obstruction in a newborn with a craniofacial anomaly requires urgent management. While tracheostomy may be life saving in these circumstances, it may be associated with numerous morbidities. Distraction osteogenesis (DO) or lengthening of the mandible offers an alternative to tracheostomy with proper patient selection. Study Design: A ten-year review of neonates with upper airway obstruction at two academic centers was performed (n=149). We compared conventionally treated neonates, receiving home monitoring or a tracheostomy on a case by case basis, to newborns managed by a new decision tree model (DTM), in which a specific pattern of diagnostic tests and specialist consultations were obtained to decide among home monitoring, tracheostomy, or distraction. Results: Neonates managed with our DTM were significantly less likely to undergo a tracheostomy than those managed conventionally. In our DTM group, no deaths occurred and only one of 43 children who initially underwent DO required subsequent tracheostomy. In the conventionally managed children there were 3 deaths and significantly more hospital days, emergency department visits, respiratory infections, and gastrointestinal reflux. The DTM group had improved feeding, growth, and speech. Conclusion: In treating newborns with micrognathia and upper airway obstruction, patient outcomes may be improved by utilizing a decision tree model with multidisciplinary specialists, timely studies, and an option for mandibular distraction osteogenesis.
Prevalence of bradyarrhythmias during transient episodes of	bradycardia among preterm infants
Authors: Mathew Oommen P. , Gamble Yvette D. , Zimowski Karen 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of transient bradyarrhythmias in preterm infants. The secondary aim was to characterize the non-sinus atrial rhythm. Study design: Cardiorespiratory waveforms in preterm infants with gestational age ⩽ 32 weeks were acquired on a networked computer. Waveforms for 24 hours were screened for bradycardia utilizing Neoscan® software. Each bradycardia event was further reviewed for arrhythmia and classified as non-sinus atrial, junctional, ventricular, and others. Results: Among the 58 preterm infants studied, 5 showed no transient bradycardia, 9 showed only sinus bradycardia and 44 exhibited both sinus and non-sinus bradyarrhythmias. Of the bradyarrhythmia episodes evaluated (n=546), the majority were classified as non-sinus atrial rhythm (54.2%); junctional (32.3%), ventricular (1.1%) and others (12.5%) constituted the remaining. Decreases in P-wave amplitude and PR interval were observed in the majority of non-sinus atrial bradycardia episodes. More than one type of arrhythmia was seen in most infants. Conclusion: Non-sinus bradyarrhythmias occur frequently in preterm infants during transient bradycardia episodes.
End-of-life decision making regarding infants of artificial	reproductive techniques and spontaneous conception
Authors: Hempel Bridget A. , Holzman Ian R. 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Our goal was to determine if differences exist in the decisions made regarding dying infants based on method of conception. No studies have examined end-of-life decisions for infants regarding method of conception. Study design: We reviewed the charts of infants who were born and died in our institution between January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2005. Method of conception, maternal age, marital status, level of education, religion, insurance, gestational age, cause of death and withdrawal of life-sustaining care were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson Chi-squared tests of independence. Results: Fifty-six mother/infant pairs were available for information. Artificial reproduction techniques (ART) were more likely to be utilized by women who were over 35 years old and married (p< 0.05). Withdrawal of care was not statistically significant regarding method of conception or gestational age (p> 0.05). Although not statistically significant, in this study it appears that single mothers may be less likely to withdraw support. Conclusions: Neither method of conception nor gestation age is a determinant factor in withdrawal of life-sustaining care. Marital status may be an important factor and further investigation is necessary to determine the reason.
Systemic organ and core temperatures during deep hypothermia:	Comparison of whole-body and selective head cooling for perinatal	hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Khilfeh Manhal , Raju Tonse N.K. , Navale Shankararao 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Mild hypothermia has been shown to be neuroprotective for newborn infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). In this study, we examined the effects of deep hypothermia on systemic and brain temperature changes during whole-body or selective head cooling in an animal model of perinatal HIE. Methods: Twelve piglets were studied under anesthesia and artificial ventilation. Five ultra-sensitive, flexible, titanium, thermocouple probes were used for continuous temperature recording from five brain regions, two kidney regions; the thoracic aorta, the wall of the small intestine, and the rectal lumen using single sensor probes for each. Changes in temperatures from the 10 sites were recorded continuously during baseline, 20 minutes of hypoxic-ischemic injury; 60 minutes whole-body cooling (n=6) or selectively the head cooling (n=6); and 60 minutes of re-warming. Results: Deep hypothermia with whole-body cooling led to uniform drops in temperature in the five brain regions, maintaining a constant gradient across the superficial and deep brain regions. Deep hypothermia with selective head cooling led to larger drops in superficial than in the deep brain temperatures. Deep whole-body hypothermia led to sharp drops in core body, kidney and small intestinal temperatures; the latter dropping to −11.27°C ± 3.72°C below baseline compared to −3.32°C ± 1.52°C below the baseline with deep hypothermia for selective head cooling (P<0.001). Conclusions: Deep hypothermia with whole-body cooling can lead to severe core hypothermia especially of the kidney and small intestines, which get cooled far in excess of the aortic blood. Reduced kidney and small intestinal blood flow, and a direct cooling effect from lying on the cooling mattress may be responsible for rapid cooling of the kidney and the intestines. These findings underscore the need to target the core temperatures to strict ranges, as specified in the published hypothermia trials, especially during the transportation of infants to centers providing therapeutic hypothermia.
Does armed conflict impact maternal heath? A report from rural Haiti
Authors: Small Maria , Magee Edward , Colimon IveCarm , Frederic Rikerdy , Williams Keith P. , Kershaw Trace 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Few works address the impact of armed conflict on obstetric outcomes, largely secondary to limitations in measurement of these outcomes. In settings where hospitalized data is routinely and consistently obtained, these sources may provide rapidly accessible and valuable information on the status of women. The objective of this work was to determine the impact of the armed conflict of February, 2004 on maternal health in rural Haiti. Methods: Study of data from the Hospital Albert Schweitzer perinatal database from the time of conflict in February, 2004 was compared to baseline indices from the preceding year, 2003. Primary outcome measures included: maternal mortality, eclampsia, and stillbirth. Results: In 2003, maternal deaths occurred in 0.8% of women at baseline, compared to 4% during the conflict. (p=0.03) The baseline eclampsia rates were 0.5% and rose to 14% during the 2004 conflict. (p=0.06) Surrounding hospital closures resulted in a marginally significant increase in patients from outside the hospital catchement area. Conclusions: In areas of poverty, access to care is one of the most significant determinants of health. Peaks in maternal mortality may reflect obstructions in access to care during times of acute instability. These data may serve as markers for the social status of women, the function of the local health care system, and the international response to conflict, as experienced, by the most vulnerable members of the population.
Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and hypoxic	ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Mohamed Maha H. , Basset Fatma E. Abdel , Gad Ghada I. , Atef Shereen H. , Mohamed Ehab A. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a known mediator of angiogenesis. It has been shown to induce vascular proliferation and permeability via nitric-oxide-mediated mechanism during hypoxia. VEGF exerts its effects by binding to two receptors; VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. Objectives: To test the hypothesis that serum concentration of the soluble receptor sVEGF-R1 is increased in infants with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE); and such an increase correlates with the severity of encephalopathy. Study design: Serum samples of 30 full term newborns diagnosed with HIE and 20 controls were obtained within the first 6 hours of life and kept at −70°C. Concentrations of sVEGFR-1 were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay double sandwich method. Values were correlated with the severity of HIE at birth and with outcomes measured at 4 weeks of age. Results: The concentrations of sVEGFR-1 in HIE patients were increased when compared to control subjects. Patients with the least Apgar scores had the most increase in sVEGFR-1. sVEGFR-1 at a cut off 11.0 ng/ml had 100% sensitivity & 100% specificity for detection of HIE. The concentrations of sVEGFR-1 did not differ among patients with different degrees of HIE nor in patients with different short term clinical outcomes. Two stepwise regression analyses showed that both degree and outcome of HIE depend upon Apgar score and the liver enzyme alanine transaminase. Conclusion: sVEGFR1 is upregulated early in neonates with HIE. It does not correlate with the severity of encephalopathy or the short term outcomes.
Revisiting the effect of casein and whey on gastric emptying: Do	differences in protein source really matter?
Authors: Woodley Frederick W. , Mousa Hayat 
Published: December 2024

Background: Despite a dearth of well-controlled studies comparing the gastric emptying (GE) of casein- and whey-based formulas in humans and lack of clear evidence suggesting that such a difference influences patient symptoms, prevailing opinion among healthcare professionals continues to purport that a clinically meaningful difference exists between the two. Aim: To review the literature related to the influence of casein and whey on GE in humans. Methods: A PubMed literature search was executed using a combination of the following search terms: gastric emptying, human, casein, and whey. Our primary interest was experimental design strategies with respect to established physiologic factors controlling GE. Results: Our search resulted in 11 citations; 5 directly compared GE rates of casein- and whey-based formulas and 3 of the 5 suggested a difference. Critical review of these studies revealed numerous experimental design weaknesses that included: 1) lack of control over osmolality, caloric density, feeding volume and macronutrients (protein, fat, and carbohydrate), 2) small sample sizes, and 3) use of heterogeneous subjects with respect to age, symptom types, symptom severity, and general health status. Conclusion: No convincing evidence exists to support the prevailing notion that casein- and whey-predominant formulas differently influence GE rates.
Analyzing EEG maturation in preterm infants: The value of a	quantitative approach
Authors: Niemarkt H.J. , Andriessen P. , Pasman J. , Vles J.S. , Zimmermann L.J. , Oetomo S. Bambang 
Published: December 2024

Despite increase in survival of very low birth weight infants, the number of infants who experience neuromotor or neurocognitive problems later in life is still high. Therefore, accurate documentation of the brain development in these infants is indicated. Electroencephalography (EEG) may be a valuable tool to monitor brain development during the intensive care period. However, our knowledge on EEG maturation is based on visually determined patterns. Since there are no exact reference values, conclusions on EEG maturation are difficult to establish and may vary between investigators. Also, most knowledge concerning EEG maturation is derived from relatively old studies in the "pre-digital" era. New digital EEG recorders provide the opportunity towards a quantitative approach of EEG maturation. This approach may lead to a more objective and uniform description of EEG maturation. In this article we review the most important aspects of EEG maturation, i.e. changes in discontinuity, development of age specific waveforms, inter-hemispheric synchrony/correlation and the development of sleep-wake cycles, and qualitative or semi-quantitative studies concerning EEG maturation and outcome. We discuss the concept of an EEG analyzing algorithm and propose several quantitative analyzing techniques which may be incorporated in such an algorithm.