bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monte‐Carlo‐based simulation and investigation of 230 kV transmission lines outage due to lightning
Authors: Karami Ehsan , Khalilinia Ahmad , Bali Afshar , Rouzbehi Kumars 
Published: October 2019

Here, using the probabilistic evaluation based on the Monte Carlo method, back‐flashover rate and shielding failure flashover rate of 230 kV overhead transmission lines in the western regions of Iran are evaluated. To such an aim, first, the number of thunderstorm days per year is collected from the reported weather information in order to determine the ground flash density. Then, using MRU‐200 equipment, the tower‐footing resistance of several towers is measured. Matlab® software is used in order to produce lightning surges considering its probabilistic nature and randomly distribution on the ground to evaluate striking distance based on the geometric model. Then, calculated parameters are transferred to EMTP‐RV software by establishing a link to perform the transient simulation and report the results for modelled 230 kV transmission line. Finally, considering IEEE‐1243 standard, it is shown that due to high ground flash density, using 230 kV tower with one shield wire is not sufficient to protect the line against lightning phenomena.
Learning mid-IR emission spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon populations from observations
Authors: Foschino S. , Berné O. , Joblin C. 
Published: October 2019

Context. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will deliver an unprecedented quantity of high-quality spectral data over the 0.6−28 μm range. It will combine sensitivity, spectral resolution, and spatial resolution. Specific tools are required to provide efficient scientific analysis of such large data sets.
Aims. Our aim is to illustrate the potential of unsupervised learning methods to get insights into chemical variations in the populations that carry the aromatic infrared bands (AIBs), more specifically polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) species and carbonaceous very small grains (VSGs).
Methods. We present a method based on linear fitting and blind signal separation (BSS) for extracting representative spectra for a spectral data set. The method is fast and robust, which ensures its applicability to JWST spectral cubes. We tested this method on a sample of ISO-SWS data, which resemble most closely the JWST spectra in terms of spectral resolution and coverage.
Results. Four representative spectra were extracted. Their main characteristics appear consistent with previous studies with populations dominated by cationic PAHs, neutral PAHs, evaporating VSGs, and large ionized PAHs, known as the PAHx population. In addition, the 3 μm range, which is considered here for the first time in a BSS method, reveals the presence of aliphatics connected to neutral PAHs. Each representative spectrum is found to carry second-order spectral signatures (e.g., small bands), which are connected with the underlying chemical diversity of populations. However, the precise attribution of theses signatures remains limited by the combined small size and heterogeneity of the sample of astronomical spectra available in this study.
Conclusions. The upcoming JWST data will allow us to overcome this limitation. The large data sets of hyperspectral images provided by JWST analysed with the proposed method, which is fast and robust, will open promising perspectives for our understanding of the chemical evolution of the AIB carriers.
A Comparison of the Currently Used Nodal Stage Classification with the Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes and the Number of Metastatic Lymph Node Stations for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; Which of These Is the Best Prognostic Factor?
Authors: Citak Necati , Aksoy Yunus , Isgörücü Özgür , Obuz Cigdem , Acikmese Baris , Buyukkale Songul , Metin Muzaffer , Sayar Adnan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives We aimed to compare the currently used nodal staging system (pN) with the number of metastatic lymph node (LN) stations (sN) and the number of metastatic LNs (nN) on survival in patients with NSCLC.
Methods Between 2010 and 2017, 1038 patients resected for NSCLC were analyzed. We performed three-different stratifications of LN status assessment: pN-category (pN0, pN1 and pN2); sN-category (sN0, sN1; one station metastasis, sN2; two-three stations metastases, and sN3; ≥ 4 stations metastasis); nN-category (nN0, nN1; one-three LNs metastasis, nN2; four-six Lns metastasis, and nN3; ≥ 7 LNs metastasis).
Results Five-year survival rate was 70.1% for N0 in all classifications. It was 54.3% for pN1, and 26.4% for pN2 (p < 0.0001). Five-year survival rates for N1, N2, and N3 categories were 54.1%, 42.4% and 16.1% according to sN, and 51.4%, 36.1%, and 7.9% according to nN, respectively (p < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, sN and nN were independent risk factors such as pN (p < 0.0001). Hazard ratios versus N0 for N1, N2, and N3 were more significant for sN and nN than pN (1.597, 2.176, and, 3.883 for sN, 1.645, 2.658, and, 4.118 for nN, and 1.576, 3.222 for pN, respectively). When the subcategories of sN and nN were divided into pN1 and pN2 subgroups, the anatomic location of the LN involvement lost importance as tumor burden and tumor spreading increased.
Conclusion The number of metastatic LN stations and the number of metastatic LNs are better prognostic factors than currently used nodal classification in NSCLC.
Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Hemophilia or von Willebrand Disease
Authors: van der Valk Paul R. , Mauser-Bunschoten Eveline P. , van der Heijden Jeroen F. , Schutgens Roger E. G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Management of atrial fibrillation (AF) is complex in patients with bleeding disorders. Catheter ablation such as pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has been suggested in cases with bleeding disorders. However, data on safety are missing. This report describes the outcome of PVI in patients with bleeding disorders.
Methods A retrospective study in our hemophilia treatment center of patients who underwent a PVI in 2014 to 2018. PVI was done according to local protocol. Clotting factor was given periprocedural. Postprocedural anticoagulation was given for at least 4 weeks, with clotting factor suppletion if needed to maintain factor VIII (FVIII) levels >0.20 IU/mL.
Results and Discussion Five patients with hemophilia and one with von Willebrand disease were included. Eight PVIs were performed. Target FVIII levels (>0.80 IU/mL) were met before the procedure. Postprocedural anticoagulation was given: vitamin K antagonist (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dabigatran. All patients obtained long-term sinus rhythm, in two patients after a second PVI. However, late recurrent AF occurred in one patient after 42 months. A notable incidence of groin bleeds was observed: two of eight interventions (25%) compared with 0.9% in the general population. Bleeding seemed to be related to agitation, early mobilization, and bridging of VKA with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). No relevant bleeding was observed when on DOAC therapy.
Conclusion PVI seems to be effective in the case of bleeding disorders. To reduce the groin bleeds agitation and early mobilization should be avoided and DOAC is preferred over bridging VKA with LMWH.
Neurophenomenology of surprise
Authors: Bitbol Michel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A theory of the central nervous system was formulated recently, in general thermodynamical terms. According to it, the function of a central nervous system, and more generally of living autopoietic units, is to minimize “surprise”. The nervous system fulfills its task, and the animal maintains its viability, by changing their inner organization or their ecological niche so as to maximize the predictability of what happens to them, and to minimize the correlative production of entropy. But what is the first-person correlate of this third-person description of the adaptation of living beings? What is the phenomenological counterpart of this state of minimal suprise? A plausible answer is that it amounts to a state of “déjà vu”, or to the monotony of habit. By contrast, says Henri Maldiney, surprise is lived as a sudden encounter with reality, a reality that is recognized as such because it is radically unexpected. Surprise is a concussion for the brain, it is a risk for a living being, but it can be lived in the first person as an awakening to what there is.
Surprise in native, bilingual and non-native spontaneous and stimulated recall speech
Authors: Goutéraux Pascale 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article discusses surprise markers in a spoken corpus of reactions to works-of-art and of retrospective interviews with forty English and French natives, bilinguals and learners of English. Following Reisenzein (2000), the study posits a three-phase psycholinguistic scenario: disruption of representations, reaction and rationalizing. In this model, cognitive discrepancy results from the interaction between the properties of the aesthetic source and the subject’s sociocultural representations and memories. Few neutral surprise episodes were identified and discourse was usually marked by intensity and emotion, supporting the hypothesis that surprise is both a triggering mechanism and a component of emotion. The analysis reveals the richness of the network of surprise markers. Work-in-progress indicates that the range of surprise-related linguistic markers elicited by aesthetic objects partly depends on linguistic status (native, bilingual and non-native) and idiomatic proficiency.
Complexité du continuum dialectal carélo-vepse
Authors: Djordjević Léonard Ksenija , Léonard Jean Leó 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Russian Republic of Karelia, located on the borders of Finland, is the territory of a complex dialectal continuum which goes from Finnish (Eastern) to Vepse, passing by Karelian, Livvi and Lude. These are languages or varieties that could be called collateral (Eloy 2004). These various fennic languages of the Russian territory arrived at the end of the twentieth century very fragile, condemned a priori to disappear more or less at short term. However, they have benefited from a renewed interest in society since the 1990s, which has manifested itself in initiatives of development and functionalization as well as modernization of their corpus, of great importance for the Fennic and Uralian (socio)linguistics as a whole, in terms of models for action research.
In this contribution, we will address the extreme interweaving of this continuum, both sociolinguistic and structural convergence of these languages.
La distribució funcional de variants en la Gramàtica de la llengua catalana. descriptiva, normativa, diatòpica, diastràtica (1994), d’Antoni M. Badia i Margarit
Authors: Costa-Carreras Joan , Paloma Sanllehí David 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article presents a selection of the research undertaken as well as the classification of the functional distribution of phonetic, morphologic and syntactic variants in Gramàtica de la llengua catalana. Descriptiva, normativa, diatòpica, diastràtica, Antoni M. Badia i Margarit (1994). Although the complete corpus of research contains the functional distribution of 271 variables and 550 variants, this article will present only 24 variables and about 50 variants. Altogether, this article looks to answer questions like: (1) Does Badia always give different variants of each level to a same variable?; (2) Do these variables always contain variants or “ungrammatical or incorrect forms”?; (3) Which level contains most “ungrammatical or incorrect forms”? This article puts forward a fragment of ongoing research – one with new hypothesis still to be resolved.
Fabra i la segona flexió verbal en català
Authors: Saragossà Abelard 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
After discussing the second verbal inflection in the theory part – how to deduce different types of verbal inflections; what regular forms depend on, § 2 –, the work shows that Valencian-Catalan, taking as reference French verbal inflection – inflection with no model –, has created a new model which covers the 75% of the verbal forms (§ 3). In the 19th century, Pau Ballot and Josep Nebot reduce the apparent chaos in a structural description, which is closer to reality (§ 4). These contributions disappear in Pompeu Fabra. Without any theory nor reflection on verbal inflection structures, he makes a false statement, which has the effect of presenting regular verbs as irregular, taking two irregular verbs as the model (§ 5.1). The lack of describing the inflected structures built by speakers leads us to misinterpret the regular form of the infinitive ({valer/valdre}, § 5.2) and the gerund ({duent/duguent}, § 5.3)
La presència del tortosí al Telenotícies comarques Tarragona de TV3
Authors: Ulldemolins Subirats Amanda 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The main goal of this article is to analyse how the geolect tortosí is portrayed in news stories written by TV3 correspondents from the Terres de l’Ebre region, for the newscast TN comarques Tarragona. In particular, we want to know if the forms they use are part of the Northwestern standard model established by the Institut d’Estudis Catalans and the linguistic portal ésAdir. As a methodology, we selected news stories between 2011–2013 about the Terres de l’Ebre region, and recorded the linguistic forms used by the correspondents. Furthermore, we interviewed the journalists to know their linguistic awareness and evaluation of the model they diffuse. The results of the research showed that they removed some tortosí verbal features – the inchoative desinence -ix- –, but they maintained its demonstrative pronouns, the possessives and the invariability of the dos numeral.
“La nostra llengua” i altres circumloquis com a recurs per a evitar el nom de la llengua catalana al País Valencià (1858–1906)
Authors: Martí-Badia Adrià 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
From the middle of the nineteenth century the German romanists found the Romance philology. They establish that Catalan is the name of the language of the Catalan-speaking areas, which is different from Occitan and which has nothing to do with Limousin what was known since the early sixteenth century. These assumptions regarding the identity and the name of the Catalan language are quickly received and assumed everywhere. But not in Valencia, where the most of the scholars and writers showed their disagreement with it for his identity feelings. The most of them continue using Limousin and a minority began using onomastic circumlocutions to doesn’t contradict these assumptions. The resource of onomastic circumlocutions became useful because it avoided the item under discussion – the name of language –, not to mention any names in particular and using in place inclusive expressions which makes clear the reference to the whole of the Catalan language.
El diccionari normatiu valencià (DNV) de l’Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua
Authors: Colomina Jordi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the paper we will do a little history of the Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua, a Valencian normative institution created in 2001 by a consensus of the main Valencian parties with the Valencian universities and with the particularistic institutions.
We will explain our experience as coordinator of the DNV: elaboration criteria, difficulties in achieving consensus; structure of the work; main contributions to the normative lexicography. We will deal with the reception of the DNV as a tool for social pacification among Valencians. Finally we will refer to the usefulness of the DNV in the creation of a viable language model in all the lands where Catalan-Valencian-Balearic is spoken.
Multimodal membership categorization and storytelling in a guided tour
Authors: Burdelski Matthew , Fukuda Chie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study examines multimodal membership categorization and storytelling in Japanese at an
Okinawan culture center in Hawai‘i. Based on audiovisual recordings of a guided tour (112 minutes), it examines ways the guide and
visitors use explicit and implicit means in constructing the membership category “immigrants of Okinawan descent in Hawai‘i” and
terms of this category, such as “women of the first generation” and “children of the second generation.” The analysis focuses on
visitors’ contributions to membership categorization and storytelling through posing questions, relating personal experience, and
displaying stance in touching and handling objects. The findings show how practices of membership categorization and storytelling
are co-constructed, and how participants draw upon multimodal resources including talk, the body, and objects in practices of
membership categorization in situated interaction.
Constructing desirable brides
Authors: Sandhu Priti 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper utilizes Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA) and Conversation Analysis (CA) to examine the entwined relationships among interaction, storytelling, and membership categorization. While demonstrating how a storytelling event in a qualitative research interview and the categories constructed within it are skillfully wielded by the teller to meet interactional exigencies, this single case analysis shows how members doculture-in-action(Hester and Eglin 1997) related to arranged marriage negotiations in the Indian context. A close examination of the emic categories produced in the interview reveals how the interactants collaboratively co-construct the social structures surrounding arranged marriages and the notion of ‘desirable’ brides. Illustrating the salience of medium-of-education (MoE) in these emic constructions of desirable brides, the analysis reveals the marginalization of Hindi-medium-educated (HME) women in the arranged marriage sphere.
Synchronization of symbols as the construction of times and places
Authors: Myers John M , Madjid F Hadi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We demonstrate an unsuspected freedom in physics, by showing an essential unpredictability in the relation between the behavior of clocks on the workbench and explanations of that behavior written in symbols on the blackboard. In theory, time and space are defined by clocks synchronized as specified by relations among clock readings at the transmission and reception of light signals; however spacetime curvature implies obstacles to this synchronization. Recognizing the need to handle bits and other symbols in both theory and experiment, we offer a novel theory of symbol handling, centered on a kind of ‘logical synchronization’, distinct from the synchronization defined by Einstein in special relativity.
We present three things:
1. We show a need in physics, stemming from general relativity, for physicists to make choices about what clocks to synchronize with what other clocks.
2. To exploit the capacity to make choices of synchronization, we provide a theory in which to express timing relations between transmitted symbols and the clock readings of the agent that receives them, without relying on any global concept of ‘time’. Dispensing with a global time variable is a marked departure from current practice.
3. The recognition of unpredictability calls for more attention to behavior on the workbench of experiment relative to what can be predicted on the blackboard. As a prime example, we report on the ‘horse race’ situation of an agent measuring the order of arrival of two symbols, to show how order determinations depart from any possible assignment of values of a time variable.
The Performance of BRT Trans Semarang Services to Achieve Sustainable Transportation
Authors: Adibah A N 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSemarang provides its many important activities and movements. This city already has BRT system for public transportation, expected to make a sustainable transportation system in Semarang city. However, there are several problems, especially in service performances. The existence of BRT has not been efficient to resolve the congestion problem in the city, indicated by the low BRT load factor level. Location of bus stops are not strategic and not easy to reach, dirty, cramped, have little seatings, do not have guards, do not have feeder mode from the housing area, and the bus arrival schedule is uncertain, causing people to use private vehicles in their daily life. The main purpose of this research is to assess the service performance of BRT Trans Semarang related to safety, comfort, and regularity to achieve sustainable transportation. Conditions of BRT service performance in regard to safety level, 78% of the provision is appropriate, and 22% is not appropriate. Based on comfort level, 70% of the supply is appropriate, and 30% is not suitable. As for the regularity level, 38% of the supply is appropriate, and 62% has not been matched from the total performance indicators of BRT services that require repairs and additions. Government, thus shall improve the regularity level to enhance the load factor of BRT Trans Semarang.
Interaction Model Between Land Use and the Road’s Level of Service in the Corridor of Lawang to Singosari
Authors: Waloejo B S , Agustin I W , Ramadhan W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Demand for transportation infrastructure is growing along with the increasing urban and economic population (Min Guo, 2014). The increase in urban movement activities often exceeds the capacity of transportation infrastructure systems which creates congestion points. Malang to Surabaya movement is the dominant movement with the largest number of movements totalling 10-20 million movements in a year and can reach 94,254 vehicles every day. Based on the RTRW Malang 2010-2030, Malang City as the core city has the main satellite area namely Lawang and Singosari Subdistricts resulting in the high intensity of these activities. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of road, to formulate a model of generation/attraction of land use in the road, and to formulate the effect of land use activities on the road’s level of service. This research was carried out on the Corridor of Lawang - Singosari segment 1. We descriptively described the road characteristics and for analyzed quantitatively, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis and other quantitative analyzes were used to evaluate and formulate the model and its impact on the road’s level of service.
Fairness Of Intensity of Energy Consumption for Cooling Targets
Authors: Satwiko P , Widarji V S C , Istiadji A D , Sekarlangit N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In Indonesia, the auditing of building energy follows the procedure of SNI 6196-2011, while the whole building’s performance evaluation uses the criteria of the GBCI. Both institutions’ target is based on the intensity of energy consumption (IEC), of which 65% is the intensity of energy consumption for cooling (IECC). This research studied the IECCs of hotels in Indonesia, using a computer-simulation method with the Design Builder software. A virtual hotel was constructed based on two design scenarios, using (1) ordinary design and (2) green design as suggested by the GBCI. The two variables used were the hotel’s geographical coordinates and altitude. The research found a significant potential for cooling energy savings if, in particular, the building’s altitude was considered in the standards. Green buildings in lower altitudes have their IECC higher than those in higher altitudes. The highest IECC is 191.79 kWh/m2.year for a green hotel in Medan, which is 35.71 kWh/m2.year lower than GBCI standard. The lowest IECC is 85.39 kWh/m2.year for a green hotel in Bandung, which is 142.11 kWh/m2.year lower than GBCI standard. The average deviations of the IECCs from the standards of the GBCI and the ASEAN USAID were 76.25 kW/m2.year and 43.75 kW/m2.year, respectively.