bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The regulation of DOCK family proteins on T and B cells
Authors: Chen Yuanyuan , Chen Yan , Yin Wei , Han Hong , Miller Heather , Li Jianrong , Herrada Andres A , Kubo Masato , Sui Zhiwei , Gong Quan , Liu Chaohong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The dedicator of cytokinesis (DOCK) family proteins consist of 11 members, each of which contains 2 domains, DOCK homology region (DHR)-1 and DHR-2, and as guanine nucleotide exchange factors, they mediate activation of small GTPases. Both DOCK2 and DOCK8 deficiencies in humans can cause severe combined immunodeficiency, but they have different characteristics. DOCK8 defect mainly causes high IgE, allergic disease, refractory skin virus infection, and increased incidence of malignant tumor, whereas DOCK2 defect mainly causes early-onset, invasive infection with less atopy and increased IgE. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms causing the disease remain unclear. This paper discusses the role of DOCK family proteins in regulating B and T cells, including development, survival, migration, activation, immune tolerance, and immune functions. Moreover, related signal pathways or molecule mechanisms are also described in this review. A greater understanding of DOCK family proteins and their regulation of lymphocyte functions may facilitate the development of new therapeutics for immunodeficient patients and improve their prognosis.
Enriching the historical meteorological information using Romanian language newspaper reports: A database from 1880 to 1900
Authors: Cheval S. , Haliuc A. , Antonescu B. , Tișcovschi A. , Dobre M. , Tătui F. , Dumitrescu A. , Manea A. , Tudorache G. , Irimescu A. , Birsan M.‐V. , Mock C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractData recovery and climate reconstruction are an important support for climate change research, as they provide information from periods and areas with sparse meteorological networks. Various sources are currently in use for obtaining valuable evidence of past climate, such as ship logs, diaries, books, monastery documents. This study exploits newspaper reports in order to enrich the historical meteorological information over the territory of Romania, from the last two decades of the 19th century. At that time, the area belonged to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire and Kingdom of Romania, and the meteorological services from Budapest (since 1870) and Bucharest (since 1884) were the providers of official meteorological information. The digital archive of three newspapers (România Liberă, Gazeta de Transilvania and Foaia Poporului) was investigated and the meteorological information was extracted and aggregated into a database containing 2,132 unique entries clearly referenced in time and space. Each entry represents a meteorological event and several associated characteristics, such as date, location, impact and source. A verification procedure, consisting of comparisons with available measurements from the nearby weather stations and with a reanalysis dataset, was applied in order to validate the entries. The results show that the meteorological information was often present in the newspapers of the epoch. Some climatic features could be retrieved such as seasonality of extreme events, temperature and precipitation characteristics. This paper demonstrates the potential of the collected information to further enhance the understanding of climate change, impacts and climate perception at the end of the 19th century in Romania.
Waste salt from the manufacturing process of mullet bottarga as source of oil with nutritional and nutraceutical properties
Authors: Rosa Antonella , Nieddu Mariella , Masala Carla , Marincola Flaminia Cesare , Porcedda Silvia , Piras Alessandra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Sardinian food delicacy ‘bottarga’ is the final product of a number of treatments (salting and drying) on the ovaries of mullet (Mugil spp) and represents an important natural source of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFA) with nutraceutical properties. During the salting process of mullet roes to obtain bottarga, huge amounts of waste salt are generated, rich in residual ovary material.RESULTSWe evaluated the lipid composition (main lipid components and fatty acids) and bioactivity of oil obtained from the ovary material separated from waste salt (waste salt oil). Oil was obtained by supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide (SFE‐CO2), an environmentally friendly separation technique. The lipid composition of waste salt oil was determined by carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C‐NMR) spectroscopy and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC‐DAD/ELSD) chromatography. The oil was characterized by a relatively high level of n‐3 PUFA (122 ± 7 g kg−1 of oil), and these beneficial health compounds were mainly present in the form of wax esters. Waste salt oil showed a marked cytotoxic effect [3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay] in cancer B16F10 melanoma cells, with a slight cytotoxic effect in normal cells (3T3 fibroblasts). Waste salt and its derivatives (salt oil and residual material after oil extraction) were also tested for the attractant effect and acceptability to insects (Ceratitis capitata) to gain preliminary information about their potential application for animal supplementation.CONCLUSIONThe results qualify waste salt as a potential resource for veterinary dietary supplements, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceutical applications. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly for the Synthesis of Poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide)‐b‐Poly(4‐tert‐butoxystyrene) Particles with Inverse Bicontinuous Phases
Authors: Luo Xin , An Zesheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPolymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) has been routinely used to produce block copolymer (BCP) particles with various morphologies, but inverse bicontinuous phases have remained scarce. Herein, PISA preparation of poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide‐b‐poly(4‐tert‐butoxystyrene) (PDMA‐b‐PtBOS) BCP particles with inverse bicontinuous phases in ethanol/water at 30% w/v solid content is reported. The effect of solvent composition and degree of polymerization of the core‐forming PtBOS block is investigated. tBOS monomer conversion is enhanced on increasing water content, and inverse bicontinuous phases are effectively produced using a short PDMA stabilizer block. Morphology studies by both transmission and scanning electron microscopies reveal that transitions from vesicles to compound vesicles to inverse bicontinuous phases are the key mechanistic steps toward the formation of (partially) ordered mesophases.
Diversity and specificity of the bacterial community in Chinese horse milk cheese
Authors: Zhu Lin , Zeng Chunlin , Yang Sai , Hou Zhaozhi , Wang Yuan , Hu Xinyu , Senoo Keishi , Wei Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe nutrition and flavor of cheese are generated by the microbial community. Thus, horse milk cheese with unique nutrition and flavor, an increasingly popular local cheese of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, is considered to have diverse and specific bacterial community. To verify this hypothesis, horse, cow, and goat milk cheese samples produced under the same environmental conditions and manufacturing process were collected, and the 16S rRNA gene was targeted to determine the bacterial population size and community composition by real‐time quantitative PCR and high‐throughput sequencing. The bacterial community of horse milk cheese had a significantly larger bacterial population size, greater species richness, and a more diverse composition than those of cow and goat milk cheeses. Unlike the absolute dominance of Lactococcus and Streptococcus in cow and goat milk cheeses, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus dominated the bacterial community as the starter lactic acid bacteria in horse milk cheese. Additionally, horse milk cheese also contains a higher abundance of unclassified secondary bacteria and specific secondary bacteria (e.g., Psychrobacter, Sulfurisoma, Halomonas, and Brevibacterium) than cow and goat milk cheeses. These abundant, diverse, and specific starter lactic acid bacteria and secondary bacteria may generate unique nutrition and flavor of horse milk cheese.
A dual MET/AXL small‐molecule inhibitor exerts efficacy against gastric carcinoma through killing cancer cells as well as modulating tumor microenvironment
Authors: Zhu Chenjing , Shi Huashan , Wu Min , Wei Xiawei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe receptor tyrosine kinases MET and AXL have been implicated in tumorigenesis and aggressiveness of multiple malignancies. We performed this study to evaluate the antitumor impact of LY2801653, a dual MET and AXL inhibitor on gastric cancer and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, tissue microarrays containing gastric cancer tissues were stained with MET and AXL antibodies, which showed the prognostic values of MET and AXL. Administration of LY2801653 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, induced apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Xenograft mouse models showed suppressed cell proliferation of tumors in high MET and AXL expression cells. LY2801653 also inhibited the growth of MET and AXL‐independent cells at higher but clinically relevant doses through decreased angiogenesis and M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, our study provides evidence for MET and AXL as prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. The dual MET/AXL inhibitor LY2801653 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with gastric carcinoma.
A high‐speed single‐channel inter‐satellite optical wireless communication link incorporating spectrum‐efficient orthogonal modulation scheme
Authors: Singh Mehtab , Malhotra Jyoteesh , Dhasarathan Vigneswaran 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present work reports a novel single‐channel high‐speed inter‐satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) transmission link by using a 3‐D spectrum‐efficient orthogonal modulation scheme incorporating hybrid non‐return‐to‐zero‐differential quadrature phase shift keying‐polarization shift keying schemes. Three independent 40 Gbps information signals are parallel transported by modulating over distinct optical signal properties viz. amplitude, phase, and polarization of a single wavelength laser. The performance of the proposed system has been investigated by evaluating bit error rate (BER) performance of the IsOWC link vs link distance as performance metrics. Also, the link performance is numerically investigated in the presence of pointing errors. We numerically demonstrate a faithful 120 Gbps transmission at 26 000 km IsOWC link length. Further, the results report a reliable transmission up to 3.5 urad pointing error angle with acceptable BER performance of the link.
Identification of glomerular lesions and intrinsic glomerular cell types in kidney diseases via deep learning
Authors: Zeng Caihong , Nan Yang , Xu Feng , Lei Qunjuan , Li Fengyi , Chen Tingyu , Liang Shaoshan , Hou Xiaoshuai , Lv Bin , Liang Dandan , Luo WeiLi , Lv Chuanfeng , Li Xiang , Xie Guotong , Liu Zhihong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIdentification of glomerular lesions and structures is a key point for pathological diagnosis, treatment instructions, and prognosis evaluation in kidney diseases. These time‐consuming tasks require a more accurate and reproducible quantitative analysis method. We established derivation and validation cohorts composed of 400 Chinese patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) retrospectively. Deep convolutional neural networks and biomedical image processing algorithms were implemented to locate glomeruli, identify glomerular lesions (global and segmental glomerular sclerosis, crescent, and none of the above), identify and quantify different intrinsic glomerular cells, and assess a network‐based mesangial hypercellularity score in periodic acid–Schiff (PAS)‐stained slides. Our framework achieved 93.1% average precision and 94.9% average recall for location of glomeruli, and a total Cohen's kappa of 0.912 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.892–0.932] for glomerular lesion classification. The evaluation of global, segmental glomerular sclerosis, and crescents achieved Cohen's kappa values of 1.0, 0.776, 0.861, and 95% CI of (1.0, 1.0), (0.727, 0.825), (0.824, 0.898), respectively. The well‐designed neural network can identify three kinds of intrinsic glomerular cells with 92.2% accuracy, surpassing the about 5–11% average accuracy of junior pathologists. Statistical interpretation shows that there was a significant difference (P value < 0.0001) between this analytic renal pathology system (ARPS) and four junior pathologists for identifying mesangial and endothelial cells, while that for podocytes was similar, with P value = 0.0602. In addition, this study indicated that the ratio of mesangial cells, endothelial cells, and podocytes within glomeruli from IgAN was 0.41:0.36:0.23, and the performance of mesangial score assessment reached a Cohen's kappa of 0.42 and 95% CI (0.18, 0.69). The proposed computer‐aided diagnosis system has feasibility for quantitative analysis and auxiliary recognition of glomerular pathological features. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Damage mechanics of polypropylene‐based composites using progressive‐ and constant‐load scratching
Authors: S. Ariharan , Maurya Rita , Sharma Rajeev Kumar , Sharma Vinod Kumar , Lohia Siddarth , Balani Kantesh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPolypropylene (PP)‐based composites with reinforcements of CaCO3and rice husk ash (RHA, agricultural waste) are extensively used in textile industry and manufacturing of plastic yarns, tapes, etc. Tribological properties of the PP‐CaCO3‐RHA based composite are studied using constant‐ and progressive‐load scratching. The progressive load scratching depicts a transient‐state interaction, whereas, constant load scratching depicts steady‐state of wear, hence, both modes of scratching are reported to highlight the aspects of damage initiation and damage tolerance on PP‐based composites. The average scratch hardness and toughness of the PP composites improved with reinforcement in both modes of scratching. The reinforcement of 20 wt% RHA and 10 wt% RHA with 10 wt% CaCO3 in PP matrix, marginally improves (0.8%‐1.6%) the wear resistance (wear rate, WR of 12.1‐12.2 mm3 N−1 m−1) during the progressive load scratching compared to that of pure PP (12.3 mm3 N−1 m−1). Poor wear resistance (WR = 12.6 mm3 N−1 m−1) with the addition of 20 wt% CaCO3 in PP matrix during the progressive wear is attributed to poor adhesion (adhesion factor: 0.61) of CaCO3 with PP. Also, an over estimation (3.4‐4.6 times) of wear rate is attributed to high recovery (0.63‐0.77) and the plastic deformation ahead of the scratch tip in the PP‐based composite with viscoelastic nature. High‐wear rate with CaCO3 agglomerate with poor sinterability at 200 °C can be substituted with the strong adhesive nature of RHA (bimodal pore distribution) in PP matrix to achieve optimal hardness, elastic modulus, and scratch resistance.
Mobilizing the psychology evidence base for the treatment of pediatric chronic pain: The development, implementation, and impact of the Comfort Ability Program
Authors: Coakley Rachael , Bujoreanu Simona 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOver the past 20 years, our knowledge regarding evidence‐based psychological interventions for pediatric chronic pain has dramatically increased. Unfortunately, access to evidence‐based pain management interventions remains a challenge for many children and adolescents who suffer with persistent pain. Reducing patient burden and system‐level barriers to care are a central target of clinical innovations in pain treatment intervention. Psychological interventions are also increasingly focused on reducing biomedical biases that may inhibit attainment of services. While there are many new psychological interventions across an array of delivery platforms, few interventions have been systematically disseminated. This paper will highlight the translational research procedures that have informed the development and dissemination of the Comfort Ability Program (CAP), an interactive group‐based intervention teaching adolescents and their parents evidence‐based strategies to manage chronic or persistent pain. Now in its fifth year of dissemination, CAP has a demonstrated record of success with cross‐institutional implementation and sustainability at 18 hospitals across three countries. This paper reviews six dynamic and iterative phases of development, based on the Graham et al knowledge‐to‐action cycle (2006), that have guided the implementation and dissemination research for this program. The phases of CAP development include the following: (a) identifying knowledge and clinical gaps in care, (b) generating knowledge assets and implementation procedures, (c) evaluating clinical outcomes and system‐level processes, (d) developing and testing dissemination procedures, (e) expanding partnerships and monitoring knowledge use, and (f) sustaining knowledge use and continued innovation. This paper targets primarily health professionals and administrators and secondarily caregivers and the public at large.
Advanced cancer patient preferences for receiving molecular profiling results
Authors: Best Megan , Butow Phyllis , Jacobs Chris , Juraskova Ilona , Savard Jacqueline , Meiser Bettina , Goldstein David , Ballinger Mandy , Bartley Nicci , Napier Christine , Davies Grace , Thomas David , Tucker Kathy , Schlub Timothy , Newson Ainsley J. ,   And Members of the PiGeOn Project
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to discern preferences for receiving somatic molecular profiling (MP) results in cancer patients who have given consent to undergo testing.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods study to explore patients' views on which MP results they would like to receive and why. Advanced cancer patients (n = 1299) completed questionnaires after giving consent to participate in a parent genomics study and undergoing MP. A subset of patients (n = 20) participated in qualitative interviews.ResultsAlmost all (96%) participants were interested in receiving results which would direct cancer treatment (ie, were actionable). A smaller majority wanted to access results which were not actionable (64%) or were variants of unknown significance (60%). Most (86%) were interested in finding out about germline findings, though not as a priority. Themes identified in interview data were: (a) Cancer is the focus; (b) Trust in clinicians; and (c) Respect for a right not to know.ConclusionsThe majority of advanced cancer patients undergoing MP prioritised results which would lead to treatment options. They trusted their oncologists to help them navigate the results return process. While there was interest in knowing about other results, this was a lesser priority. Nevertheless, given high levels of interest in receiving all results, ethical aspects of not providing uninformative results requires further research, including a consideration of patient rationales for desiring this information and what health professionals can and should do to support patients in the absence of meaningful information being available.
Data Digitizing: Accurate and Precise Data Extraction for Quantitative Systems Pharmacology and Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling
Authors: Wojtyniak Jan‐Georg , Britz Hannah , Selzer Dominik , Schwab Matthias , Lehr Thorsten 
Published: June 2020

In quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) and physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, data digitizing is a valuable tool to extract numerical information from published data presented as graphs. To quantify their relevance, a literature search revealed a remarkable mean increase of 16% per year in publications citing digitizing software together with QSP or PBPK. Accuracy, precision, confounder influence, and variability were investigated using scaled median symmetric accuracy (ζ), thus finding excellent accuracy (mean ζ = 0.99%). Although significant, no relevant confounders were found (mean ζ ± SD circles = 0.69% ± 0.68% vs. triangles = 1.3% ± 0.62%). Analysis of 181 literature peak plasma concentration values revealed a considerable discrepancy between reported and post hoc digitized data with 85% having ζ > 5%. Our findings suggest that data digitizing is precise and important. However, because the greatest pitfall comes from pre‐existing errors, we recommend always making published data available as raw values.
Weight structure of the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter: A case with an intermediate atmospheric general circulation model
Authors: Kotsuki Shunji , Pensoneault Andrew , Okazaki Atsushi , Miyoshi Takemasa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF) computes analysis by using a weighted average of the first‐guess ensemble with surrounding observations within a localization cut‐off radius. Since overlapped observations are assimilated at neighbouring grid points, the LETKF results in spatially smooth weights. This study explores the spatial structure of the weights with the intermediate atmospheric model SPEEDY (Simplified Parameterizations, Primitive Equation Dynamics). Based on the characteristics of the weight structure, we also aim to improve the weight interpolation (WI) method, which we use to compute the weights at coarser reference points and interpolate the weights into higher‐resolution model grid points. The results show that larger localization and sparser observations result in spatially smoother weights. WI is less detrimental when weight patterns are spatially smoother. An advanced WI method with observation‐density‐dependent reference points results in better forecasts than those with uniformly distributed reference points. This improvement may be due to the spatially inhomogeneous localization function realized by the WI method with observation‐density‐dependent reference points. The spatial distribution of the optimal localization scales shows that larger (smaller) localization is beneficial in sparsely (densely) observed regions. The WI method is computationally more efficient with larger ensembles since the additional computational cost for the WI is lower than that for the LETKF.