bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal performance of U‐shaped serpentine microchannel heat sink using various metal oxide nanofluids
Authors: Sivakumar A. , Sathiyamoorthi R. , Alagumurthi N. , Jayaseelan V. , Sudhakar K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the thermal performance and friction factor characteristics of the U‐shaped serpentine microchannel heat sink using three different nanofluids. Two distinct nanoparticles, namely Al2O3 (alumina) and CuO (copper oxide), were used for the preparation of nanofluids using water and ethylene glycol (EG) as base fluids. Three nanofluids, namely nanofluid I (Al2O3 + water), nanofluid II (CuO + water), and nanofluid III (CuO + EG), have been prepared. The results showed that the thermal conductivity of nanofluids was increased for all concentrations (from 0.01 to 0.3%), compared with base fluids. The theoretical values derived from the relationship between the Darcy friction factor showed a clear understanding of the fully developed laminar flow. Thermal resistance for nanofluid III was lower than other nanofluids, resulting in a higher cooling efficiency. The nanofluid mechanism and the geometry of the U‐shaped serpentine heat sink have led to the improvement in the thermal performance of electronic cooling systems.
Entropy analysis of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid transport past an inverted cone: Buongiorno's model
Authors: Vedavathi N. , Dharmaiah Gurram , Abdul Gaffar Shaik , Venkatadri Kothuru 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe entropy analysis of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) thermal convection flow of a nanofluid past an inverted cone with suction/injection is presented in this article. The Buongiorno's model is adopted for nanofluid transport, considering the Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. The governing partial differential conservation equations and wall and freestream boundary conditions are rendered into a nondimensional form and solved computationally using the Keller‐Box finite‐difference method. The entropy analysis due to MHD fluid flow and viscous dissipation is also included. The numerical results are presented graphically for the impact of various thermophysical parameters on velocity, temperature, nanoparticle volume fraction, shear stress rate, heat transfer rate, and mass transfer. Validations with earlier solutions in the literature are also included. A comprehensive description of the simulations is included. It is observed that velocity and temperature are enhanced with the increase in Brownian motion parameter values, whereas concentration, entropy, and Bejan number are reduced. An increase in the thermophoresis parameter and buoyancy ratio parameter reduces velocity and entropy, but increases temperature, concentration, and Bejan number. An increase in the magnetic parameter is found to decrease velocity, entropy generation number, and Bejan number, but it increases temperature and concentration. Also, an increase in the suction/injection parameter is seen to reduce velocity, temperature, concentration, and Bejan number, but the entropy generation number is observed to increase. The study finds applications in heat exchangers technology, materials processing, solar energy systems, cooling and heating processes, environmental applications, geothermal energy storage, and so on.
Clinical features and outcomes of COVID‐19 in patients with solid tumors: Turkish National Registry Data
Authors: Özdemir Nuriye , Dizdar Ömer , Yazıcı Ozan , Aksoy Sercan , Dede Didem Sener , Budakoğlu Burçin , Metan Gökhan , Alp Alpaslan , Budakoğlu Isıl Irem , Öksüzoğlu Ömür Berna Çakmak , Özet Ahmet , Kılıçkap Saadettin , Turhal Nazim Serdar , Çelik İsmail , Erman Mustafa , Ata Naim , Çelik Osman , Hayran Mutlu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present demographic, clinical, laboratory characteristics and outcomes of the patients with solid malignancies and novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) collected from the National COVID‐19 Registry of Turkey. A total of 1523 patients with a current or past diagnosis of solid tumors and diagnosed with COVID‐19 (confirmed with PCR) between 11 March and 20 May 2020 were included. The primary outcome was 30‐day mortality. Median age was 61 (range: 18‐94), and 752 (49%) were male. The most common types of cancers were breast (19.8%), prostate (10.9%) and colorectal cancer (10.8%). 65% of the patients had at least one comorbidity. At least one COVID‐19‐directed therapy was given in 73% of the patients.. Hospitalization rate of the patients was 56.6% and intensive care unit admission rate was 11.4%. Seventy‐seven (5.1%) patients died within 30 days of diagnosis. The first multivariate model which included only the demographic and clinical characteristics showed older age, male gender and presence of diabetes and receipt of cytotoxic therapy to be associated with increased 30‐day mortality, while breast and prostate cancer diagnoses were associated with lower 30‐day mortality. In the second set, we further included laboratory parameters. The presence of leukocytosis (OR 6.7, 95% CI 3.3‐13.7, P < .001), lymphocytopenia (OR 3,1, 95% CI 1,6‐6,1, P = .001) and thrombocytopenia (OR 3,4 95% CI 1,5‐8,1, P = .005) were found to be associated with increased 30‐day mortality. Relatively lower mortality compared to Western countries and China mainly results from differences in baseline risk factors but may also implicate the importance of intensive supportive care.
A pyrazine‐bridged trimer of oxo‐centered triruthenium–carbonyl clusters and the supramolecular assembly built from multiple noncovalent contacts
Authors: Daicho Keita , Ozawa Yoshiki , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Abe Masaaki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe crystal structure of a new pyrazine‐bridged trimer of oxo‐centered triruthenium–carbonyl clusters formulated as [Ru3O(EtCOO)6(CO)(pyrazine)]2[Ru3O(EtCOO)6(CO)(μ‐pyrazine)2] (1) has been unequivocally determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD) analysis at 100 K. A supramolecular cyclic assembly of two trimers was formed via intermolecular CO⋯CO contacts, which is further assembled into a three‐dimensional orthogonal layer‐by‐layer stack via hydrogen bonds.
Activation of yes‐associated protein mediates sphingosine‐1‐phosphate–induced proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and its potential mechanisms
Authors: Shi Wenhua , Wang Qingting , Wang Jian , Yan Xin , Feng Wei , Zhang Qianqian , Zhai Cui , Chai Limin , Li Shaojun , Xie Xinming , Li Manxiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aims of the present study were to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P)–induced rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation/migration and to determine the effect of yes‐associated protein (YAP) activation on S1P‐induced PASMCs proliferation/migration and its potential mechanisms. S1P induced YAP dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation, upregulated microRNA‐130a/b (miR‐130a/b) expression, reduced bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2), and inhibitor of DNA binding 1(Id1) expression, and promoted PASMCs proliferation and migration. Pretreatment of cells with Rho‐associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y27632 suppressed S1P‐induced YAP activation, miR‐130a/b upregulation, BMPR2/Id1 downregulation, and PASMCs proliferation/migration. Knockdown of YAP using small interfering RNA also suppressed S1P‐induced alterations of miR‐130a/b, BMPR2, Id1, and PASMCs behavior. In addition, luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR‐130a/b directly regulated BMPR2 expression in PASMCs. Inhibition of miR‐130a/b functions by anti‐miRNA oligonucleotides attenuated S1P‐induced BMPR2/Id1 downregulation and the proliferation and migration of PASMCs. Taken together, our study indicates that S1P induces activation of YAP through ROCK signaling and subsequently increases miR‐130a/b expression, which, in turn, downregulates BMPR2 and Id1 leading to PASMCs proliferation and migration.
Endogenous metabolite, kynurenic acid, attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via AMPK/autophagy‐ and AMPK/ORP150‐mediated signaling
Authors: Pyun Do Hyeon , Kim Tae Jin , Kim Myeong Jun , Hong Soon Auck , Abd El‐Aty A. M. , Jeong Ji Hoon , Jung Tae Woo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a causative role in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Kynurenic acid (KA) is a tryptophan metabolite that has been shown to exert anti‐inflammatory effects in macrophages and endothelial cells. However, the role of KA in ER stress‐associated development of NAFLD has not been fully explored. In the current study, we observed decreased KA levels in the serum of obese subjects. Treated hepatocytes with KA attenuated palmitate‐induced lipid accumulation and downregulated lipogenesis‐associated genes as well as ER stress markers in a dose‐dependent manner. Furthermore, KA augmented AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, oxygen‐regulated protein 150 (ORP150) expression, and autophagy markers. The small interfering RNA‐mediated suppression of AMPK and ORP150, or 3‐methyladenine also abrogated the effects of KA on ER stress and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. In accordance with in vitro observations, KA administration to mice fed a high‐fat diet ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation and decreased the expression of lipogenic genes as well as ER stress. Moreover, KA treatment increased hepatic AMPK phosphorylation, ORP150 expression, and autophagy related markers in mouse livers. Knockdown of AMPK using in vivo transfection mitigated the effects of KA on hepatic steatosis and ER stress as well as autophagy and ORP150 expression. These results suggest that KA ameliorates hepatic steatosis via the AMPK/autophagy‐ and AMPK/ORP150‐mediated suppression of ER stress. In sum, KA might be used as a promising therapeutic agent for treatment of NAFLD.
RETRACTED: Mesoglycan exerts its fibrinolytic effect through the activation of annexin A2
Authors: Belvedere Raffaella , Morretta Elva , Pessolano Emanuela , Novizio Nunzia , Tosco Alessandra , Porta Amalia , Whiteford James , Perretti Mauro , Filippelli Amelia , Monti Maria Chiara , Petrella Antonello 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMesoglycan is a drug based on a mixture of glycosaminoglycans mainly used for the treatment of blood vessel diseases acting as antithrombotic and profibrinolytic drugs. Besides the numerous clinical studies, there is no information about its function on the fibrinolytic cascade. Here, we have elucidated the mechanism of action by which mesoglycan induces the activation of plasmin from endothelial cells. Surprisingly, by a proteomic analysis, we found that, following mesoglycan treatment, these cells show a notable amount of annexin A2 (ANXA2) at the plasma membrane. This protein has been widely associated with fibrinolysis and appears able to move to the membrane when phosphorylated. In our model, this translocation has proven to enhance cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Furthermore, the interaction of mesoglycan with syndecan 4 (SDC4), a coreceptor belonging to the class of heparan sulfate proteoglycans, represents the upstream event of the ANXA2 behavior. Indeed, the activation of SDC4 triggers the motility of endothelial cells culminating in angiogenesis. Interestingly, mesoglycan can induce the release of plasmin in endothelial cell supernatants only in the presence of ANXA2. This evaluation suggests that mesoglycan triggers the formation of a chain mechanism starting from the activation of SDC4, and the related cascade of events, including src complex and PKCα activation, promoting the phosphorylation of ANXA2 and its translocation to plasma membrane. This indicates a connection among mesoglycan, SDC4‐(PKCα‐src), and ANXA2 which, in turn, links the tissue plasminogen activator bringing it closer to plasminogen. This latter is so cleaved to release the plasmin and degrade fibrin sleeves.
Performance of a local reference curve for predicting small for gestational age fetuses in pregnant women with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Kato Daniel Massamatsu Pianovski , Lorusso Liziane , Bruns Rafael Frederico , Pinhat Elisa Chicareli , Dalla Costa Natália Roberta Andrade , Pletsch Letícia , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo compare the performance of a local estimated fetal weight curve with curves established for other populations to predict small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses.MethodsA retrospective and cross‐sectional study involving 231 fetuses in which the performance of a local curve (proposed model) was compared with the Hadlock and Intergrowth‐21st curves in the prediction of SGA fetuses, by applying them to a population of high‐risk pregnant woman with HIV/AIDS. For each model, a receiver operating characteristic curve was adjusted, considering the SGA classification by the neonatal Intergrowth method as the gold standard, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.ResultsThe models presented linear correlations with each other. The agreement of the proposed model with Hadlock was very good (kappa = 0.83), whereas the proposed model and Intergrowth‐21st had moderate agreement (kappa = 0.44). The SGA fetus detection sensitivities of the proposed model and Hadlock were 61.9% and 57.1%, with specificity of 84.1% and 86.2% and accuracy of 80.1% and 81%, respectively, without statistical difference. The sensitivity of the Intergrowth‐21st model was 33.3%, while the accuracy was 85.7% and the specificity was 97.4%. The AUC estimated values for the Hadlock, proposed, and Intergrowth‐21st models were 0.834, 0.832, and 0.835, respectively.ConclusionThe proposed model and Hadlock were interchangeable in the prediction of SGA fetuses and superior to the Intergrowth‐21st model.
Meta‐analysis of the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sinha Binayak , Datta Debasis , Ghosal Samit 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimSodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT‐2i), by way of their unique mode of action, present an attractive strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which often coexist and may lead to severe complications. However, the evidence for treatment with SGLT‐2i is limited to small heterogeneous studies. Therefore, this meta‐analysis was conducted to deduce the effects of SGLT‐2i in NAFLD with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsA web‐based search identified nine randomized controlled trials from the Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed for this meta‐analysis. The Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis Software version 3 was used to calculate the effect size.ResultThe outcomes of interest were analyzed from a pooled population of 11 369 patients—7281 on SGLT‐2i and 4088 in the control arm. SGLT‐2i therapy produced a statistically significant improvement in alanine aminotransferase [standardised mean difference (SDM), −0.21, 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.32 to −0.10, P < 0.01], aspartate aminotransferase (Standardised mean difference (SDM), −0.15, 95% CI, −0.24 to −0.07, P < 0.01), and liver fat as measured by proton density fat fraction (SDM, −0.98, 95% CI, −1.53 to −0.44, P < 0.01) in comparison to standard of care or placebo. In addition, there was a significant reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin (SDM, −0.37, 95% CI, −0.60 to −0.14, P < 0.01) and weight (SDM, −0.58, 95% CI, −0.93 to −0.23, P < 0.01) in the SGLT‐2i arm.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis provides a convincing signal that SGLT‐2i have a salutary effect on NAFLD in type 2 diabetes (T2D), probably driven by an improvement of glycemia and body weight, which in turn attenuates hepatic inflammation and hepatic fat accumulation.
Analysis of balms taken from Egyptian human mummies using solid‐phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Mezzatesta Elodie , Perraud Annie , Vieillescazes Cathy , Mathe Carole 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to establish a protocol by solid‐phase extraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry leading to a wide and fine qualitative chemical characterization of the several natural substances present in human mummies’ balms, using a minimal quantity of samples. In this study, nine samples were analyzed from mummies dating back from the Third Intermediate Period to the Roman Period, and were provided by the Confluences Museum (Lyon, France). Using solid‐phase extraction, three fractions were examined in this protocol. The first one, eluted with hexane, concerned chemical families of hydrocarbons of bitumen. The second, eluted with ethanol, enabled terpenic compounds to be characterized and beeswax. The last one, composed of diethyl ether with 2% acetic acid, extracted carboxylic acids with a long aliphatic chain (fatty matter) and glycerides. This study also allowed the characterization of non‐saponified compounds from beeswax to be obtained while excluding the common saponification step. The analyzed mummification balms were shown to contain fatty matter, beeswax, bitumen, and diterpenic resinous material. This one‐pot solid‐phase extraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was efficient in reducing both the number of analytical steps and the complexity of the archaeological balms subsequently analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.
3D Free‐breathing multichannel absolute Mapping in the human body at 7T
Authors: Dietrich Sebastian , Aigner Christoph S. , Kolbitsch Christoph , Mayer Johannes , Ludwig Juliane , Schmidt Simon , Schaeffter Tobias , Schmitter Sebastian 
Published: December 2020

PurposeTo introduce and investigate a method for free‐breathing three‐dimensional (3D) mapping of the human body at ultrahigh field (UHF), which can be used to generate homogenous flip angle (FA) distributions in the human body at UHF.MethodsA 3D relative mapping sequence with a radial phase‐encoding (RPE) k‐space trajectory was developed and applied in 11 healthy subjects at 7T. An RPE‐based actual flip angle mapping method was applied with a dedicated shim setting to calibrate the relative maps yielding absolute maps of the individual transmit channels. The method was evaluated in a motion phantom and by multidimensional in vivo measurements. Additionally, 3D gradient echo scans with and without static phase‐only shims were used to qualitatively validate shim predictions.ResultsThe phantom validation revealed good agreement for maps between dynamic measurement and static reference acquisition. The proposed 3D method was successfully validated in vivo by comparing magnitude and phase distributions with a 2D Cartesian reference. 3D maps free from visible motion artifacts were successfully acquired for 11 subjects with body mass indexes ranging from 19 kg/m2 to 34 kg/m2. 3D respiration‐resolved absolute maps indicated FA differences between inhalation and exhalation up to 15% for one channel and up to 24% for combined channels for shallow breathing.ConclusionThe proposed method provides respiration‐resolved absolute 3D maps of the human body at UHF, which enables the investigation and development of 3D shimming and parallel transmission methods to further enhance body imaging at UHF.
Correlation between Ethical Intelligence, Quality of Work Life and Caring Behaviour of Paediatric Nurses
Authors: Shakeri Fateme , Atashzadeh‐Shoorideh Foroozan , Varzeshnejad Maryam , Svetic Cisic Rosana , Oomen Ber 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study is to determine correlation between paediatric nurses' “ethical intelligence” with “quality of work life” and “caring behaviour.”DesignDescriptive correlational study.MethodsData were collected with EIQ, QWL and CBI. Two hundred and one nurses and 201 caregivers of children hospitalized in a paediatric hospital in Tehran were randomly selected as participants. Data were analysed by SPSS. The data were collected in 2019.ResultsComparison of the subscale “ethical intelligence” with the scale “quality of work life” indicated a significant positive correlation between “honesty” with “job and carrier satisfaction” and “forgiveness” with “job and carrier satisfaction”. In addition, findings showed a significant positive correlation between “honesty” and “control at work” and between “accountability” with “home–work interface.” There was no significant correlation between “ethical intelligence” and “caring behaviours” and between nurses' “quality of work life” and “caring behaviours.” Structural equation modelling showed a correlation between nurses' “ethical intelligence” and “quality of work life.”
Numerical simulations for the predator–prey model as a prototype of an excitable system
Authors: Khater Mostafa M. A. , Almohsen Bandar , Baleanu Dumitru ,   Mustafa Inc
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis research paper investigates the numerical solutions of the predator–prey model through five recent numerical schemes (Adomian decomposition, El Kalla, cubic B‐spline, extended cubic B‐spline, exponential cubic B‐spline). We investigate the obtained computational solutions via the modified Khater methods. This model is considered as a well‐known bimathematical model to describe the prototype of an excitable system. The obtained solitary solutions emerge the localized wave packet as a persistent and dominant feature. The accuracy of the obtained numerical solutions is investigated by calculating the absolute error between the exact and numerical solutions. Many sketches are given to illustrate the matching between the exact and numerical solutions.