bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Area Agencies on Aging Contribute to Social Connection for Older Adults in Rural America
Authors: Pendergrast Claire 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Social ecological models of health identify intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy-level contexts as social factors influencing individual and population health outcomes. However how institutions such as Area Agencies on Aging (AAA) shape rural older adults’ social networks and influence health is little explored. This research examines institutional influences of social networks for rural older adults, particularly the social connections resulting from their AAA services and programs. AAAs are local social service organizations that coordinate home- and community-based supports. Our 2020 case study of a rural AAA in upstate New York involved in-depth semi-structured interviews with AAA staff, volunteers and participants included key themes related to older adults’ social networks, social wellbeing, and physical and mental health. Our findings have both theoretical implications for rural community social structure as experienced by older adults, and practical implications to build AAA’s capacity to address social isolation for rural older adults. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Rural Aging Interest Group.
Sensory Impairment and Social Isolation: Implications for the Hispanic Population
Authors: Richardson Stephanie , Tanner Corinna , Yorgason Jeremy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although the likelihood of developing a disability increases with age among all demographics, older adults of hispanic origin are more likely to experience vision and hearing impairment than both their white and black non-hispanic counterparts. Both hearing impairment and vision impairment are known risk factors for social isolation, yet little research has examined this association in Hispanic populations. Using data from 472 Hispanic and 5,186 White participants of the NHATS study, we examined 8-year trajectories of social isolation, along with how sensory impairment was associated with initial levels and change over time. Findings suggest that sensory impairments are linked with steeper increases over time among White participants. Among Hispanics vision and hearing impairments were linked with higher initial levels of social isolation, yet no associations were found across time. It may be that Hispanic older adults maintain social connections across time despite potentially isolating sensory impairments.
Evidence for the Need to Standardize Data Collection on Patient Outcomes Across Adult Day Centers in the United States
Authors: Sadarangani Tina , Zagorski William , Missaelides Lydia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Researchers’ ability to measure the impact of adult day centers (ADCs) on participants’ health has been hampered by a lack of large-scale data. We examined categories of data ADCs across the United States are collecting related to patients’ health and health outcomes with the idea of developing a future national cohort of centers. We distributed an electronic survey to ADCs in 50-states on current data collection efforts. Forty states were represented (N=250). Only 32% of ADCs collect patient level data for research and analysis. Vital signs, nutritional risk, falls, and activities of daily living data were most commonly collected. However, validated assessment tools were used in less than 50% of cases. Researchers’ ability to pool data on clinical outcomes among ADC users is limited by lack of data collection and use of uniform outcome measures across ADCs. Standardizing data collection is critical to strengthening ADC programs and demonstrating their effectiveness.
Social Contexts of Subjective Aging Perceptions
Authors: Cohn-Schwartz Ella , Ayalon Liat 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The way adults perceive their aging process is an important predictor of later life outcomes, including mental and physical health. Despite the importance of living a socially active life in old age, the inter-connections of individuals’ perceptions of aging with their social lives and behaviors are not well-understood. This symposium addresses questions of how the social environment and social behaviors are related to subjective aging perceptions, including subjective age and self-perceptions of aging. Two papers examine self-perceptions of aging in the context of couple relations. Mejía and colleagues focus on married older adults’ shared beliefs about aging, showing that within older couples, beliefs about aging are shaped in part through partners’ co-experience of each other’s biological aging. Kim and colleagues also examine couples, finding evidence that changes across time, as well as average differences in individual characteristics, may affect self-perceptions of married/partnered men and women differently. The final two papers examine the interplay between chronological age and perceptions of aging. Weiss and Weiss examine the social conditions and consequences of subjective age across the life span in the work domain, demonstrating that feeling relatively older among young adults and younger among older adults predicts proactive behaviors such as speaking up. Cohn-Schwartz and colleagues investigate the bi-directional temporal associations of adults’ self-perceptions of aging and the age composition of their social networks. The symposium concludes with summarizing remarks from the discussant who will suggest possible directions for future research on the social contexts of the perceived experience of aging.
Married or Partnered Adults’ Self-Perceptions of Aging in Later Life: The Context of Gender
Authors: Kim Yijung , Kim Kyungmin , Neupert Shevaun , Boerner Kathrin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Marriage or other types of partnerships are consequential for health in later life, but its association to self-perceptions of aging remains a relatively unexplored area of research. This study used three waves of panel data from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 4,315) to examine how changes in the health status and relationship quality over time contribute to self-perceptions of aging for married/partnered men and women. Multilevel models showed that women demonstrated more positive self-perceptions of aging than men, but there was no gender difference in how self-perceptions of aging became more negative over time. The findings on the main and moderating effects of health and relationship quality give evidence that changes across time, as well as average differences in individual characteristics, may affect self-perceptions of married/partnered men and women differently. The context in which gender shapes key aspects of life contributes to self-perceptions of aging in later life.
Functions of Real-Life Conversational Time Travel in the Context of Healthy Aging
Authors: Demiray Burcu , Luo Minxia , Martin Mike 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Using smartphone sensing in real life, we examined conversational time travel (i.e., talking about the personal past versus future), its functions and relation with positive affect (i.e., laughing behavior). We used the Electronically Activated Recorder (audio recorder that periodically records snippets of ambient sounds and speech) and collected a random sample of over 30,000 sound snippets (30 seconds long) from 61 young and 48 healthy older adults across four days. We transcribed and manually coded participants’ speech. Multilevel models conducted in R showed that individuals tended to talk about their past with more social functions (e.g., give advice), whereas talked about their future for more directive purposes (e.g., planning). Age group differences were minimal. We also found that individuals laughed two times more while talking about their past than their future. Results are discussed in relation to the functions of mental/conversational time travel in the context of healthy aging.
Stress, Trauma, and Resilience Among U.S. Asian Older Adults: Findings From the Rutgers Asian RCMAR
Authors: Dong XinQi , Simon Melissa , Wu Bei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
U.S. Asians are the fastest growing group of older adults in the nation, increasing by 68% from 2000-2018. However, research on the psychological wellbeing of this population is limited. Drawing on the research of Rutgers Asian RCMAR Scientists, this symposium will address the impacts of stress, trauma and resilience on the psychological wellbeing of diverse groups of U.S. Asian older adults. Session 1 will assess the prevalence of psychological distress among older LGBT and non-LGBT U.S. Asian older adults, and the role of discrimination in medical care and intimate violence on psychological distress. Session 2 will take a mixed-methods approach to examining caregiver burden and depressive symptoms of Chinese American spouses and adult-children who provided care for their spouse or parents with dementia. Session 3 will explore the risk and protective factors for the mental health of sexual minority U.S. Asian older adults using data from the Research Program on Genes, Environment and Health. Session 4 will identify different patterns of coping repertoires of older immigrants, based on a combination of individual, family, and community coping resources, and the optimal coping repertoire that is associated with the best psychological outcomes. In summation, this symposium describes the psychological wellbeing of diverse groups of U.S. Asian older adults, including sexual minority, caregiver and immigrant groups. The symposium addresses both risk factors and the protective factors and coping mechanisms that mediate and mitigate psychological wellbeing and aims to inform interventions to improve psychological wellbeing outcomes in U.S. Asian older adults.
Discrete Emotion Networks Across the Lifespan: Implications for Well-Being
Authors: Barlow Meaghan , Mauss Iris 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research examining the age-related trajectories and consequences of emotional complexity has largely lumped emotions into broad categories. The present study utilized network analyses to quantify the co-occurrence of discrete emotions and their associations with well-being across the lifespan in a sample of 156 females (aged 23-79). Participants completed assessments of 8 emotions (i.e., sad, angry, anxious, lonely, happy, excited, proud, and calm) for 16 days, and completed measures of psychological and physical well-being at a 4-month follow-up. While certain emotions were found to co-occur at similar rates across the lifespan (e.g. sad-anxious), other emotion pairs become more (e.g. sad-calm) or less (e.g. sad-angry) frequent with age. Additionally, specific emotion pairs were differentially associated with indicators of well-being across the lifespan, while controlling for mean levels of these emotions. These findings point to the importance of considering the co-occurrence of distinct emotions and potential pathways towards successful aging.
The Critical Help-Seeking Role of Family, Friends, and Neighbors in the Lives of Elder Abuse Victims
Authors: Stum Marlene , Burnes David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Elder abuse prevention and intervention is a complex puzzle. We focus on examining the typically invisible role, experience, and impact of nonabusing family, friends, and neighbors, or “concerned persons” in stopping elder abuse. Given the reality that most elder abuse goes unreported and unaddressed, it seems essential to understand if and how concerned persons can play a role in help-seeking for older victims, and to also understand the needs and issues faced by concerned persons as a consequence. First. Breckman presents evidence of the significant distress concerned person’s experience from knowing about elder abuse and trying to assist victims, and shares experience developing and implementing the first Elder Abuse Helpline for Concerned Persons in the U.S. Second, Fraga Dominguez et.al. present an important international perspective highlighting findings about concerned persons as users of a UK elder abuse helpline, their profile, the impact of helping, and variables relating to help-seeking. Third, Stum shares findings from a qualitative study of elder family financial exploitation related to what concerned family members were trying to accomplish by getting involved (motivating goals) and the resulting continuum of outcomes. Fourth, Kilaberia also explores the help-seeking experiences of concerned family members in elder family financial exploitation situations, specifically the range of tasks involved, and the impacts on the concerned family member’s individual health and well- The discussion led by Burnes will focus on understanding contributions of the research presented given the current state of the field, and offer suggestions for future research and intervention directions.
The Interplay of Seniority and Superiority Toward Perceived Employability of Older Workers Through a Cultural Lens
Authors: Cheng Clio Y M , Lou Vivian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Hong Kong will become a super-aged society comprising more than 21% of its citizens aged 65 or above by 2024. With longer life expectancy and better health conditions of the elderly, the mentality of embracing “hidden gems” - older workers was under the spotlight. Extended working life provided a golden chance for employers and/or human resources (HR) personnel to manage this demographic change. Sau Po Centre on Ageing was commissioned to initiate a study in 2017 to 2018 on how employers and/or HR personnel perceived employability of older workers in Hong Kong, and to consolidate good practices of elder-friendly employment. Methods: Aiming to garner opinions from a wide variety of employers and/or HR personnel, 33 in-depth interviews were conducted with participants from various industries and company sizes, including both large corporations and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Among the participants, nearly half (n=15) possessed managerial position, other including employers (n=1), directors (n=6), officers (n=8) and others (n=3). Among these companies, 19 did not have any mandatory retirement age policies, while seven had their retirement age set as 60 years old, and another seven set their retirement age at aged 65. Results: Participants tended to link seniority, in terms of both chronological age and loyalty, with superiority, affecting their perceived employability of older workers. This study has multi-level implications on a multi-generational age-inclusive workforce management strategy on recruitment, retainment and retraining. Suggestions on good practices of an age-inclusive and age-diverse workforce were also made at individual, corporation and societal level.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Tailored Activity Program for Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Novielli Marcia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Brazil lacks an Occupational Therapy methodology of action, justifying the cross-cultural adaptation of TAP. Objectives were to adapt TAP reference materials to the Brazilian culture and evaluation of the applicability of the Portuguese version by perceptions of Occupational Therapists (OT) and family caregivers. The methodology used translation, back translation, evaluation of semantic, idiomatic, conceptual and cultural equivalences and pre-test of materials for production in Portuguese. The OT applied the translated version and evaluated its applicability. Caregivers evaluated the social impact of the adapted program. The cross-cultural adaptation process adapted the entire materials program to Portuguese culture. The OT perception is a need to include one session to guide caregivers and to modify the cognitive assessment used. The caregivers pointed out that TAP helps them in understanding and caring for the elderly with dementia. The TAP-BR has been adapted to the Brazilian culture. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Behavioral Interventions for Older Adults Interest Group.
Understanding Health Concerns of Older Adults: Health Personality, Health Activation, and Well-Being
Authors: Martin Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Individuals display different levels of concern about their health. These overall concerns may be a result of health personality dispositions based on the five-factor model of personality. They include health neuroticism, health extraversion, health openness, health agreeableness, and health conscientiousness. Furthermore, whether older adults take active care of their health and how they view their overall physical and emotional well-being may depend on these health personality dispositions. This symposium sheds light on the association between health personality, resilience, activation, and well-being. The first presentation provides an overview of our health personality conceptual model and summarizes measurement properties of the Health Personality Assessment. The second presentation highlights demographic differences in health personality. Gender, age, marital status, and regional differences in health personality are reported. The third presentation links health personality with levels of health activation and resilience. Direct and indirect effects of health personality on resilience and health activation are presented. Finally, we highlight results about the relationship of health personality with physical and emotional well-being in later life. All five health personality dispositions directly related to physical and mental health. Our discussion emphasizes practical implications for health practitioners and outlines future research on health personality and outcomes.
Demographic Differences in Health Personality
Authors: Cone Nicholas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore demographic differences in health personality. Data consisted of 3,907 participants, 65 years and older. Multivariate analysis of variance with post-hoc testing revealed that women had higher health neuroticism scores than men, but men had higher health extraversion scores than women. Those married reported higher health agreeableness than those not married and young-old participants had higher health extraversion and health openness compared to other age groups. Regional differences included Midwest participants reporting higher health openness but lower health conscientiousness scores when compared to participants from other regions. There were also significant interactions. For example, individuals from geographic areas with predominately White Midwest residents were significantly higher on health neuroticism when compared to Northwest, South, and West regions. The results are helpful for healthcare providers who can tailor intervention approaches to specific populations.
Health Personality, Physical and Emotional Well-Being
Authors: Arieli Rotem 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify paths from health personality to outcomes of physical and emotional health. Data included 3,907 participants, 65 and older. Latent path models conducted in Mplus resulted in several significant pathways. Health neuroticism, health extraversion, and health openness negatively predicted both outcomes of physical and emotional health significantly. This negative association indicates an inverse relationship, meaning the more worried older adults were about their health, the lower their self-rating of physical and emotional health. Health agreeableness was negatively predictive of physical health, but not emotional health. Health conscientiousness had a significant positive association with both physical and emotional health, indicating that the more conscientious participants were about their health, the better their physical and emotional health. This study’s findings can be translated to targeted intervention programs for emotional and physical health outcomes benefiting older adults.
Understanding Mental Health, Vulnerabilities, and Coping in Older Koreans and Older Korean Americans
Authors: Park Nan Sook , Chiriboga David , Yee Barbara 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although significant progress has been made in understanding mental health issues, racial/ethnic minorities are disadvantaged in terms of knowledge, attitude/stigma toward mental illness, and access to treatment. Older Koreans and Korean Americans are high-risk groups with great prevalence of stigma and limited access to mental services. The two groups share similarities as well as differences. For example, Older Korean Americans, a first-generation immigrant group, tend to share traditional values and beliefs with older Koreans. However, differences in social and cultural contexts, availability of social networks and resources, and access to health care systems present unique challenges and strategies. The purpose of this symposium is to enhance the understanding of critical issues in mental health among older Koreans and Korean Americans and identify challenges and strategies to promote mental health and well-being. Five studies conducted in Korea and the US will explore a variety of personal, social, and cultural factors related with mental health, based on quantitative and qualitative approaches. The diverse topics cover the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship of stigma to emotional well-being, the effect of stress and coping on well-being, loneliness and negative family interactions, the relationship of life stressors and social capital on mental distress among older Korean Americans compared with other older Asian Americans, and community leaders’ attitude toward depression. The issues of vulnerabilities and resources will be discussed from the cultural perspectives as well as implications for future research and practice.
The Relationship Between Experiences of Daily Events and Sleep Duration in Adulthood
Authors: Lee Sun Ah , Joo Susanna , Chai Hye Won , Jun Hey Jung , Almeida David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to examine how stressors and positive events are related to sleep duration in daily life and whether these associations differed by age. The second wave of National Study of Daily Experiences of Midlife in the United States study was used (N=1,851). Reports of daily events was coded as two categorical variables indicating experiences of concurrent and previous-day daily events: experiencing both stressors and positive events, only stressors, only positive events, and neither (reference). Results from multilevel analysis showed that experiencing an event, either a stressor or a positive event, was associated with shorter amount of sleep the same day compared to a non-event day. In particular, sleep duration was shorter when individuals experienced stressors compared to when they only reported positive events the same day. There were no age differences in these associations. Findings suggest that stressors exert a stronger influence on daily sleep than positive events.
When Stress Gets on Your Nerves: Associations Among Stress Severity, Sleep, and Headache in Daily Life
Authors: Joo Susanna , Lee Sun Ah , Chai Hye Won , Jun Hey Jung , Almeida David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present study aims to examine whether duration of sleep moderates the relationship between daily stressor severity and headache severity and test age differences in these associations. We used the second wave of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study and its subproject, the National Study of Daily Experiences (N=1,590). Stress severity was measured based on the respondents’ perception of reported stressors, and headache severity was indicative of subjective rating of the symptom. Multilevel analysis results showed significant interaction effects between concurrent-day stressor severity and duration of sleep. Specifically, stressor severity was associated with more severe headache when people slept for shorter amount of time the same day. There were no differences by age in these associations. These results suggest that shorter-than-usual sleep may aggravate the intensity of headache on stressful days in daily life.