bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational analysis of possibility protection of frame bridge object on considerable mining influences
Authors: Bętkowski Piotr , Pradelok Stefan 
Published: September 2020

Computational analysis of influences of mining exploitation on certain frame object was described in this paper. The mining deformations of the area give rise to additional internal forces in such constructions. The method of static scheme change as a technical solution is discussed, in which the construction that can take additional loads from mining deformations of the area is adapted. The example of computational analysis is given.
Efficiency analysis of strengthening of RC structures with prestressed CFRP composites
Authors: Kotynia Renata , Staśkiewicz Michał 
Published: September 2020

The subject of the paper is the analysis of the efficiency of strengthening of RC structures for flexure with use of prestressed CFRP composites. Basic methods of application of the strengthening are described along with the issues connected with the prestressing and anchorage of the CFRP materials. The authors prepared a database of the results of experimental tests based on the published research, which was the basis for the analysis of failure modes of the strengthened members and its efficiency depending on the characteristics of members. The aim of the paper was to define the influence of steel reinforcement ratio, composite reinforcement ratio and initial CFRP prestressing strain on the efficiency of the applied strengthening in terms of load capacity and serviceability conditions.
Medical Assistance in Dying in health sciences curricula: A qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Brown Janine , Goodridge Donna , Thorpe Lilian 
Published: September 2020

Background: This paper offers insight into (1) the driving and restraining forces impacting the inclusion of medical assistance in dying (MAID) in health sciences curricula, (2) the required resources for teaching MAID, and (3) the current placement of MAID in health sciences curricula in relation to end-of-life care concepts.
Method: We conducted a qualitative exploratory study in a Canadian province using Interpretive Description, Force Field Analysis, and Change as Three Steps. We interviewed ten key informants (KI), representing the provincial health sciences programs of medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and social work. KIs held various roles, including curriculum coordinator, associate dean, or lecturing faculty. Data were analyzed via the comparative method using NVivo12.
Results: Curriculum delivery structures, resources, faculty comfort and practice context, and uncertainty of the student scope of practice influenced MAID inclusion. Medical and pharmacy students were consistently exposed to MAID, whereas MAID inclusion in nursing and social work was determined by faculty in consideration with the pre-existing course objectives. The theoretical and legal aspects of MAID were more consistently taught than clinical care when faculty did not have a current practice context. Care pathways, accreditation standards, practice experts, peer-reviewed evidence, and local statistics were identified as the required resources to support student learning. MAID was delivered in conjunction with palliative care and ethics, legalities, and professional regulation courses.
Conclusion: The addition of MAID in health sciences curricula is crucial to support students in this new practice context. Identifying the drivers and restrainers influencing the inclusion of MAID in health sciences curricula is critical to support the comprehensiveness of end-of-life education for all students.
Chromatic Vertex Folkman Numbers
Authors: Xu Xiaodong , Liang Meilian , Radziszowski Stanisław P. 
Published: September 2020

For graph $G$ and integers $a_1 \ge \cdots \ge a_r \ge 2$, we write $G \rightarrow (a_1 ,\cdots ,a_r)^v$ if and only if for every $r$-coloring of the vertex set $V(G)$ there exists a monochromatic $K_{a_i}$ in $G$ for some color $i \in \{1, \cdots, r\}$. The vertex Folkman number $F_v(a_1 ,\cdots ,a_r; s)$ is defined as the smallest integer $n$ for which there exists a $K_s$-free graph $G$ of order $n$ such that $G \rightarrow (a_1 ,\cdots ,a_r)^v$. It is well known that if $G \rightarrow (a_1 ,\cdots ,a_r)^v$ then $\chi(G) \geq m$, where $m = 1+ \sum_{i=1}^r (a_i - 1)$. In this paper we study such Folkman graphs $G$ with chromatic number $\chi(G)=m$, which leads to a new concept of chromatic Folkman numbers. We prove constructively some existential results, among others that for all $r,s \ge 2$ there exist $K_{s+1}$-free graphs $G$ such that $G \rightarrow (s,\cdots_r,s)^v$ and $G$ has the smallest possible chromatic number $r(s-1)+1$ with respect to this property. Among others we conjecture that for every $s \ge 2$ there exists a $K_{s+1}$-free graph $G$ on $F_v(s,s;s+1)$ vertices with $\chi(G)=2s-1$ and $G\rightarrow (s,s)^v$.
Frameworks for Two-Dimensional Keller Maps
Authors: Borisov Alexander 
Published: September 2020

The classical Jacobian Conjecture asserts that every locally invertible polynomial self-map of the complex affine space is globally invertible. A Keller map is a (hypothetical) counterexample to the Jacobian Conjecture. In dimension two every such map, if exists, leads to a map between the Picard groups of suitable compactifications of the affine plane, that satisfy a complicated set of conditions. This is essentially a combinatorial problem. Several solutions to it ("frameworks") are described in detail. Each framework corresponds to a large system of equations, whose solution would lead to a Keller map.
Exploring the Antecedents and Consequences of Mal-Marketing in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Khushi Muhammad Arshad , Ali Aasir , Lodhi Rab Nawaz , Kalsoom Ume 
Published: September 2020

Background: Mal-practices are the unethical marketing practices which are undertaken by mostly pharmaceutical companies to influence the doctors to prescribe their products to the patients.
Objective: This study aimed to identify different kinds of mal-practices that exist in pharmaceutical companies of Pakistan and to inquire how these mal-practices influence the financial and health position of the patients.
Methods: The exploration is based on interpretivism research paradigm with intention to underpinning in-depth realities. Data were collected through audio and video recorded semi-structured interviews from the doctors, pharmacists, and medical representatives of different pharmaceutical companies in Pakistan. Qualitative data was analyzed via NVivo software to explore different themes of the study.
Results: Outcomes of this study demonstrate various kinds of mal-practices by pharmaceutical companies. The research that is reported in this research paper is groundbreaking and innovative.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that pharmaceutical mal practices have ultimate impact on patients’ health and their pockets. Clients suffer from prolonged treatment, expensive medication, additional unneeded medicine, health hazards and below standard medication.
Assessment of Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Hospital on Knowledge, Practice of and Attitude to Lifestyle Modifications
Authors: Usifoh Stella Folajole , Ademola Bose 
Published: September 2020

Objective: To assessed the types 2 diabetic patient’s knowledge, the practice of, and attitude to lifestyle modification at University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of types- 2 diabetic patients at the Medical outpatient clinic in UCH was done with a validated structured 48 item self-administered questionnaire that measured the socio-demographics, knowledge, practice of and attitude to lifestyle modifications. A purposive sampling of 99 consenting patients out of 103 determined with Yaro Tamane formulae was done. Data were entered into SPSS v. 21 for descriptive and inferential analysis.
Results: About 59.6% of respondents were within ≥60 years age range, and 68.7% of them were females. Many (51.5%) of them had tertiary education qualifications. On knowledge of symptoms, the majority 78 (78.8%) had good knowledge and 21(21.2%) had poor knowledge of diabetes mellitus. While 64 (64.6%) respondents had a good attitude and 35(35.4%) had a poor attitude towards lifestyle modification. Besides, a vast majority (94.9%) reported that lifestyle modification helps attain normal blood glucose levels, preserves life, assuage symptoms, and avert extended complications. The respondents tend to strongly agree to have a good practice of lifestyle modification with a weighted mean of 3.76 to 4.69 on a 5point scale.
Conclusion: The majority of the respondents had good knowledge, the practice of and attitude to lifestyle modification which can help patients in altering long-term habits, eating or physical activity, and maintaining these practices as part of the management of the disorder.
Determination of Factors Effecting Medication Adherence in Depressed Patients Receiving Antidepressants in Pakistan
Authors: Amir Muhammad , Rickles Nathanial , Feroz Zeeshan , Beg Anwer Ejaz 
Published: September 2020

Background: The prevalence of depression in Pakistan is considered to be higher than other developing countries. Medication adherence is a major factor in the success and cost effectiveness of the treatment of depression. Limited information relating medication adherence and its factor are available for patients in Pakistan.
Objective: The study aim to determine the factors associated with adherence of antidepressants in depressed patients.
Methods: The study was conducted in outpatient setting of hospital. 200 participants were enrolled in the study. Self-assessment tool was used to determine the medication adherence.
Results: The results showed that factors such as gender, education, employment and total number of medications have significant influence on adherence of antidepressants. The study also shows that the relationship of factors and adherence changes with the duration of therapy.
Conclusion: Factors play a vital role in understanding the barriers in medication non-adherence. Factors effecting medication adherence change with respect to the duration of therapy. Gender, employment, morbidity and number of medications taken earlier have significant influence on medication adherence of antidepressants in depressed patients.
Hydroxy-Chloroquine: Chemoprophylaxis of Malaria and not a Silver Bullet versus COVID-19
Authors: Hussain Irshad 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The world has been facing the pandemic COVID-19. This article highlights the importance of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and Chloroquine (CQ) in the chemoprophylaxis of malaria during the pandemic COVID-19.
Objective: To derive logical conclusion about the indicated use of HCQ/CQ in malaria during the pandemic COVID-19.
Methods: Relevant research articles were retrieved. The online reports, research articles from google, google scholar and PubMed databases were searched and analyzed.
Results: HCQ and CQ are indicated for Malaria and its prophylaxis. The drugs are not silver bullets versus the COVID-19. The available clinical data till the end of July 2020 can be sufficient for the health authorities of various countries to stop using HCQ/CQ to treat COVID-19 patients. The drugs are indicated for malaria instead. Malaria, a potentially deadly parasitic disease in the poorest countries which cannot even afford its preventive measures with HCQ/CQ and other drugs. Misuse of available drugs of Malaria can worsen the disease in the Africa and some Asian countries. The World Health Organization has recommended continuing chemo-prophylactic efforts for malaria during the COVID-19 crisis. Malaria and COVID-19 have certain common symptoms such as fever, headache and body pain which doubles the risk through misleading diagnosis by considering COVID-19 patients as malaria patients and vice versa. WHO has recommended the mass distribution of antimalarial drugs for these counties, so that malaria could not make COVID-19 more deadly.
Conclusion: Use of CQ/HCQ may be continued for the chemoprophylaxis of Malaria during the pandemic COVID-19 and the drugs may not be considered as Silver bullet for COVID-19. Directions of FDA and WHO may be complied regarding use of CQ/HCQ.
Strong Calcium Emission Indicates that the Ultraviolet-flashing SN Ia 2019yvq Was the Result of a Sub-Chandrasekar-mass Double-detonation Explosion
Authors: Siebert Matthew R. , Dimitriadis Georgios , Polin Abigail , Foley Ryan J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present nebular spectra of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2019yvq, which had a bright flash of blue and ultraviolet light after exploding, followed by a rise similar to other SNe Ia. Although SN 2019yvq displayed several other rare characteristics, such as persistent high ejecta velocity near peak brightness, it was not especially peculiar, and if the early “excess” emission were not observed, it would likely be included in cosmological samples. The excess flux can be explained by several different physical models linked to the details of the progenitor system and explosion mechanism. Each has unique predictions for the optically thin emission at late times. In our nebular spectra, we detect strong [Ca ii] λλ7291, 7324 and Ca near-IR triplet emission, consistent with a double-detonation explosion. We do not detect H, He, or [O i] emission, predictions for some single-degenerate progenitor systems and violent white dwarf mergers. The amount of swept-up H or He is <2.8 × 10−4 and 2.4 × 10−4
M
⊙, respectively. Aside from strong Ca emission, the SN 2019yvq nebular spectrum is similar to those of typical SNe Ia with the same light-curve shape. Comparing to double-detonation models, we find that the Ca emission is consistent with a model with a total progenitor mass of 1.15 M
⊙. However, we note that a lower progenitor mass better explains the early light-curve and peak luminosity. The unique properties of SN 2019yvq suggest that thick He-shell double detonations only account for

of the total “normal” SN Ia rate. The SN 2019yvq is one of the best examples yet that multiple progenitor channels appear necessary to reproduce the full diversity of “normal” SNe Ia.
L’impact du chômage sur l’état de santé
Authors: Ronchetti Jérôme , Terriau Anthony 
Published: September 2020

Nous examinons l’impact du chômage sur l’état de santé en mobilisant les données de l’Enquête santé et protection sociale (ESPS) sur la période 2010-2014. Nous appliquons d’abord une méthode d’estimation par double différence avec appariement sur score de propension afin de minimiser le biais de sélection, éliminer les effets fixes individuels et les effets temporels communs. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’expérience du chômage n’a pas d’impact significatif sur l’état de santé. Nous estimons ensuite un Probit bivarié dynamique afin d’analyser la double causalité entre état de santé et statut d’emploi. Si le chômage n’a pas d’effet causal significatif sur la santé, on observe que la santé a un effet causal significatif sur le statut d’emploi. Classification JEL : C10, I10, I12, J01.
Un culte du chef ?
Authors: Faury Félicien , Letourneur Guillaume 
Published: September 2020

La structure verticale et le fonctionnement autoritaire du Front national (FN) sont régulièrement attribués à un « culte du chef » supposé animer ses membres, dont on peine à discerner les fondements. Dans une démarche sociologique, cet article propose d’analyser les soubassements socioculturels de la hiérarchie partisane frontiste. À partir de l’étude de milieux partisans dans des territoires contrastés, le texte montre que cette verticalité organisationnelle trouve une de ses conditions de possibilité dans une « culture militaire » dominante au sein du parti. La surreprésentation et la valorisation des mondes militaires au FN impliquent la diffusion d’un certain rapport à l’autorité qui vient légitimer le fonctionnement très hiérarchisé du parti. Cette culture militaire se traduit également par le peu de place accordé aux critiques internes de l’autorité du chef, et de ce fait par la récurrence, caractéristique de ce parti, des scissions et des exclusions militantes.
Canonical Wnts Mediate CD8+ T Cell Noncytolytic Anti–HIV-1 Activity and Correlate with HIV-1 Clinical Status
Authors: Wallace Jennillee , Narasipura Srinivas D. , Sha Beverly E. , French Audrey L. , Al-Harthi Lena 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
CD8+ T cells do not rely solely on cytotoxic functions for significant HIV control. Moreover, the noncytotoxic CD8+ T cell antiviral response is a primary mediator of natural HIV control such as that seen in HIV elite controllers and long-term nonprogressors that does not require combined antiretroviral therapy. In this study, we investigated the biological factors contributing to the noncytotoxic control of HIV replication mediated by primary human CD8+ T cells. We report that canonical Wnt signaling inhibits HIV transcription in an MHC-independent, noncytotoxic manner and that mediators of this pathway correlate with HIV controller clinical status. We show that CD8+ T cells express all 19 Wnts and CD8+ T cell–conditioned medium (CM) induced canonical Wnt signaling in infected recipient cells while simultaneously inhibiting HIV transcription. Antagonizing canonical Wnt activity in CD8+ T cell CM resulted in increased HIV transcription in infected cells. Further, Wnt2b expression was upregulated in HIV controllers versus viremic patients, and in vitro depletion of Wnt2b and/or Wnt9b from CD8+ CM reversed HIV inhibitory activity. Finally, plasma concentration of Dkk-1, an antagonist of canonical Wnt signaling, was higher in viremic patients with lower CD4 counts. This study demonstrates that canonical Wnt signaling inhibits HIV and significantly correlates with HIV controller status.
Giorgio Agrifoglio
Authors: Bonadeo Piero 
Published: September 2020

This paper is part of the monographic issue: ‘Did the Masters of the past know the future? History and update of Italian Phlebolymphology’
Guest editor: Alberto Macciò (Phlebology - Part I edited by G. Agus; Phlebology - Part II edited by P. Bonadeo; Lymphology edited by F. Boccardo)
Gaspare Aselli’s serendipity
Authors: Macciò Alberto 
Published: September 2020

This paper is part of the monographic issue: ‘Did the Masters of the past know the future? History and update of Italian Phlebolymphology’
Guest editor: Alberto Macciò (Phlebology - Part I edited by G. Agus; Phlebology - Part II edited by P. Bonadeo; Lymphology edited by F. Boccardo)
Survey of International Experience Opportunities for Athletic Training Students and Faculty
Authors: Wright Cynthia J. , Frank Eva M. 
Published: September 2020

Context
International topics in athletic training are gaining recognition. Particularly interesting are opportunities for athletic training students to gain international experiences and develop cultural competence through study abroad. However, little is known about current international experience opportunities for these students.

Objective
To identify international experience opportunities for athletic training students, investigate student and faculty participation, and describe characteristics of institutions and programs offering such experiences.

Design
Survey.

Setting
Online.

Patients or Other Participants
All directors of Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education–accredited professional athletic training programs were recruited. The response rate was 41.9% (163/389).

Data Collection and Analysis
An e-mail soliciting participation was sent in January 2019. The online survey had 4 sections: (1) questions about athletic training–related international experiences, (2) questions about discipline-related international experiences, (3) questions about athletic training faculty or student participation, and (4) demographic questions about the program or institution. Data were analyzed descriptively. The characteristics of programs offering athletic training–related international experiences were compared with programs offering discipline-related international experiences using χ2 tests for degree level, institution type, and athletic division.

Results
Twenty-nine programs (17.8%) offered athletic training–related international experiences and 68 programs (41.7%) offered discipline-related experiences. Private universities were more likely to offer an athletic training–related experience, and public universities more likely to offer a discipline-related experience (χ2 = 4.197, df = 1, P = .04). There were no other differences between institution types, program degree levels, or athletic divisions (all P &gt; .05). Some programs reported no recent athletic training student (44%) or athletic training faculty (58%) participation in any international experience.

Conclusions
A minority of programs currently offer either athletic training–related or discipline-related international experiences. Characteristics of available programs vary widely. To keep pace with professional globalization, future work should identify ways to develop international experiences.
Anti-mitotic and anti-proliferation potentials of aqueous and methanolic extracts of fermented <i>Citrullus vulgaris (ogiri-egusi)</i> seeds
Authors: Ayo-Lawal R.A. , Azeez S.O. , Osoniyi O. 
Published: September 2020

There is a growing scientific evidence of the health-enhancing benefits of fermented food and beverages, especially in cancer prevention and treatment. Ogiri-egusi is an indigenously fermented condiment consumed in some West African countries, and prepared mainly from natural fermentation of melon (Citrullus vulgaris) seeds. The condiment has been previously reported to possess anti-oxidative and anti hyperlipid emic properties. In this study, different concentrations of ogiri-egusi extracts were exposed to actively dividing cells from Allium cepa meristematic roots and Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the antimitotic and antiproliferative investigations, respectively. There was a statistically significant reduction in mitotic activities of the treated A. cepa meristematic cells compared to the untreated cells. The mitotic index (MI) of the untreated cells was 28.38 ± 4.58. At a concentration of 1.0 mg/ml, the extracts induced a reduction in the MI to 6.02 ± 2.74 and 4.94 ± 0.61 in the aqueous and methanolic extracts- treated cells, respectively. Some chromosomal aberrations were also observed. In addition, proliferation in yeast cells was significantly inhibited at all the concentrations of the aqueous extract examined as well as at the highest concentration of the methanolic extract. These results provide useful insights to the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of fermented Citrullus vulgaris.
Keywords: Fermented Citrullus vulgaris, Allium cepa, antiproliferation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity