bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BADAWAH & HADARAH : KONSEP SOSIOLOGI IBN KHALDUN
Authors: Amin Khairul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIbn Khaldun has a very wide spectrum of ideas about the society he poured in his munomental work entitled The Muqaddimah. This paper does not intend to disentangle Ibn Khaldun's comprehension comprehensively, but takes only a small portion of his thought, especially with regard to sociological studies. One of Khaldun's original contributions to society is the concept of ashabiyah. This concept then became central to every analysis of Khaldun about society, as well as the concept of badawah and hadarah is one of Khaldun's concepts of society, its movement of change and the factors that influence the motion of a civilization based on ashabiyah. The concept of badawah and hadarah is specifically discussed in this paper as one of the repertoire of sociological thought that can be developed from Ibn Khaldun in analyzing the social changes that occur in society.Keywords: ibn khaldun, badawah, hadarah AbstrakIbn Khaldun memiliki sepektrum pemikiran yang sangat luas tentang masyarakat yang ia tuangkan dalam karya munomentalnya yang berjudul Muqaddimah. Tulisan ini tidak bermaksud mengurai pemikiran Ibn Khaldun secara komprehensif, tetapi hanya mengambil bagian-bagian kecil dari pemikirannya terutama yang terkait dengan kajian sosiologi. Salah satu sumbangan orisinal Khaldun tentang masyarakat adalah konsep ashabiyah. Konsep ini kemudian menjadi sentral dari setiap analisa Khaldun tentang masyarakat, demikian juga dengan konsep badawah dan hadarah adalah salah satu konsep Khaldun tentang masyarakat, gerak perubahannya serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi gerak suatu peradaban yang bertumpu pada ashabiyah. Konsep badawah dan hadarah inilah yang secara khusus dibahas dalam tulisan ini sebagai salah satu khasanah pemikiran sosiologi yang dapat dikembangnkan dari Ibn Khaldun dalam menganalisa perubahan sosial yang terjadi dalam masyarakat.Katakunci: ibn khaldun, badawah, hadarah
Analysis of Permissions Correlation for Android Apps Using Statistical SVD Approach
Authors: Nway Zon Nyein 
Published: June 2020

Nowadays, almost all the users use Android applications in their smart phones for various reasons Since Android is free operating system, android-apps can be easily downloaded via biggest open app stores and third-party mobile app markets. But these applications were not guaranteed whether these are malware apps or not by legitimate organizations. As mobile phones are glued with most of the people, malware applications threaten all of them for their private information. So, the work of analysis for the apps is very important. The proposed system analyzes the correlation patterns of app’s permissions that must be used in all android apps by developers by using a statistical technique called singular value decomposition (SVD). The analysis phase uses the numbers of malware samples 50 to 300 from https://www.kaggle.com/goorax/static-analysis-of-android-malware-of-2017. The proposed system evaluates the risk level (High, Medium, and Low) of Android applications based on the correlation patterns of permissions. The system accuracy is 85% for both malware and goodware applications.
Nowadays, almost all the users use Android applications in their smart phones for various reasons Since Android is free operating system, android-apps can be easily downloaded via biggest open app stores and third-party mobile app markets. But these applications were not guaranteed whether these are malware apps or not by legitimate organizations. As mobile phones are glued with most of the people, malware applications threaten all of them for their private information. So, the work of analysis for the apps is very important. The proposed system analyzes the correlation patterns of app’s permissions that must be used in all android apps by developers by using a statistical technique called singular value decomposition (SVD). The analysis phase uses the numbers of malware samples 50 to 300 from https://www.kaggle.com/goorax/static-analysis-of-android-malware-of-2017. The proposed system evaluates the risk level (High, Medium, and Low) of Android applications based on the correlation patterns of permissions. The system accuracy is 85% for both malware and goodware applications.
A Critical Point Theorem for Perturbed Functionals and Low Perturbations of Differential and Nonlocal Systems
Authors: Bahrouni Anouar , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Winkert Patrick 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper we establish a new critical point theorem for a class of perturbed differentiable functionals without satisfying the Palais–Smale condition. We prove the existence of at least one critical point to such functionals, provided that the perturbation is sufficiently small. The main abstract result of this paper is applied both to perturbed nonhomogeneous equations in Orlicz–Sobolev spaces and to nonlocal problems in fractional Sobolev spaces.
TufaundArmilausini
Authors: Rübekeil Ludwig 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the origin and history of two names dating from late Antiquity or the migration period. The first is the personal nameTufa, the second is the tribal nameArmilausini. The two names can be traced back to a corresponding Germanic loan word in the Latin military language,tufaandarmilausia, respectively, both of which are continued in the military language of the Eastern Roman and Byzantine Empire. The names are based on the appellative nouns. Both the appellatives and, even more so, the names turn out to be characteristic products of the multilingual background of the Roman military, as they show several signs of linguistic interference such as lexical reanalysis / folk etymology, morphological remodelling and semantic specialization.
Functional limit theorem for the local time of stopped random walk
Authors: Afanasyev Valeriy I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInteger random walk {Sn,n≥ 0} with zero drift and finite varianceσ2stopped at the momentTof the first visit to the half axis (-∞, 0] is considered. For the random process which associates the variableu≥ 0 with the number of visits the state ⌊uσ$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \sqrt{n} \end{array}$⌋ by this walk conditioned onT>n, the functional limit theorem on the convergence to the local time of stopped Brownian meander is proved.
High prevalence of unintentional injuries and socio-psychological correlates among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The study aimed to report on the prevalence and socio-psychological correlates of non-fatal injury among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste.

Methods
Cross-sectional data from the 2015 Timor-Leste “Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS)” included 3,704 school children (median age 16 years, interquartile range 3) that were representative of all students in secondary school, excluding grade 12.

Results
The proportion of participants with one or multiple serious injuries in the past year was 70.0% (40.6% once, 17.2% two-three times and 12.2% 4–12 times). The most frequent cause of the reported injury were “I fell” (33.8%) and motor vehicle (10.2%) and the most common type of injury was “a broken bone or dislocated joint” (7.8%) and “cut, puncture or stab wound” (6.7%). In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, suicide attempt was associated with one injury, and truancy was associated with both one and multiple injury. Current tobacco use, lifetime cannabis use, soft drink consumption, and loneliness were associated with multiple injuries.

Conclusions
Several variables were identified that could be targeted in injury prevention programmes in this school population.
The association of acne and menstrual symptoms among young women (18–25 years) in Egypt: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Arafa Ahmed , Mostafa Alshimaa , Khamis Yasser 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcne and menstrual symptoms are highly prevalent among young women. Since both acne and menstrual symptoms have similar hormonal pathogenesis, it is highly suggested that the two conditions are associated. Herein, we conducted this study to assess the relationship between acne and menstrual symptoms among young women.Subjects and methodsIn this population-based cross-sectional study, a multi-stage random sampling approach was used to include 3065 young women (18–25 years) from Egypt. Women were interviewed for their socio-demographic characteristics, gynecological history, premenstrual and menstrual symptoms, and history of acne and perimenstrual acne flare during the past 6 months.ResultsThe mean age of women was 21.5 ± 2.2 and their age of menarche was 13.1 ± 1.5 years. During the previous 6 months, 44.8% of participants had acne. After adjusting for socio-demographic and gynecological characteristics, acne was associated with most menstrual symptoms with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as follows: [premenstrual symptoms: 1.23 (1.05–1.44) for irritation or nervousness, 1.45 (1.24–1.68) for fatigue, 1.37 (1.15–1.62) for breast tenderness, 1.48 (1.21–1.80) for abdominal bloating, and 1.36 (1.11–1.66) for nausea or vomiting], [menstrual symptoms: 1.63 (1.19–2.23) for dysmenorrhea and 1.24 (1.06–1.45) for dysmenorrhea requiring drugs], and [symptoms severity: 1.44 (1.24–1.68) for missing events and 1.38 (1.16–1.64) for medical consultation]. Of acne patients, 56.7% reported perimenstrual acne flare: 58.5% before menses, 35% during menses, and 6.5% after menses.ConclusionThis study supports the concept that acne is associated with menstrual symptoms. Physicians should consider screening for menstrual symptoms among young women with acne.
A descriptive study on dietary pattern and biophysical profile among Saudi female dental students
Authors: Alzubaidi Amani Hussain , Togoo Rafi Ahmad , Alqahtani Ghadah Ali , Alkahtani Lama Ayedh , Alshehri Nawal Yahya , Soliman Abd El-Nasser Mohamed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe current study aims to find out the dietary pattern among undergraduate dental students and evaluate its impact on their biophysical profile and academic achievement.MethodsA convenient sample of 150 Saudi female dental students was selected as study participants, and a close-ended questionnaire divided into two parts was distributed among them.The questionnaire included questions on their eating habits, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and blood pressure. The collected data was statistically analyzed using SPSS version 19, and the chi-square test, correlation analysis, and descriptive statistics were performed.ResultsIt was observed that a majority (40%) of the study participants replaces their meals with snacks, and 26% did not take regular meals.The results reveal a significant association between blood pressure, BMI, and WHR among University female students. No significant association has been found between grade-point-average (GPA) and dietary pattern.ConclusionsThe study concluded that the majority of university female students consumed unhealthy diets such as snacks. Fruit intake was lower than the recommended amount by World Health Organisation (WHO). Conducting appropriate nutrition related-public health programs would be beneficial in raising awareness regarding different aspects of dietary habits.
Microstructure of spray freezing dried powders affected by the presence of inert particles
Authors: Zhang Fan , Wang Linsong , Ma Xiaoyu , Xu Qing , Tian Wei , Li Zhanyong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Spray freeze-drying is a process to directly produce high quality powders with short drying time. The difference of microstructures has a great influence on the physical properties of powders. However, during the spray freeze-drying process, the freezing degree of droplets in the drying chamber will change the product structure and affect the powder quality. In this study, the surface structure and morphology of dry powders were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The formation mechanism of droplet morphology during spray freeze-drying was analyzed. The results show that the rapid freezing process can produce finer microstructures.
Group actions and non-vanishing elements in solvable groups
Authors: Wolf Thomas R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
For a solvable group, a theorem of Gaschutz shows that

F
⁢

(
G
)

/
Φ

⁢

(
G
)

{F(G)/\Phi(G)}

is a direct sum of irreducible G-modules and a faithful

G
/
F

⁢

(
G
)

{G/F(G)}

-module.
If each of these irreducible modules is primitive, we show that every non-vanishing element of G lies in

F
⁢

(
G
)

{F(G)}

.
Bladder-embedded ectopic intrauterine device with calculus
Authors: Xiong Bing-Jian , Tao Guang-Jing , Jiang Duo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the data of embedded intrauterine device (IUD) in the bladder wall with the additional presence of calculus. This case series study included 11 female patients with partially or completely embedded IUD in the bladder wall. Their median age was 34 (range, 32–39) years. The median duration of IUD placement was 36 (range, 24–60) months. The median duration of symptoms was 9 (range, 3–12) months. Six patients underwent laparoscopy: the operation duration was 129 (range, 114–162) min, blood loss was 15 (range, 10–25) mL, the hospital stay was 4 (range, 4–4.5) days, the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain at 6 h after surgery was 3 (range, 2–6), and the time to removal of the urethral catheter was 7 (range, 7–8) days. Five patients underwent open surgery: the operation duration was 126 (range, 96–192) min, blood loss was 30 (range, 20–50) mL, the hospital stay was 7 (range, 7–15) days, the VAS was 6 (range, 4–9) at 6 h after surgery, and the time to removal of the urethral catheter was 9 (range, 8–17) days. The IUD and bladder stones were successfully removed in all 11 (100%) patients.
Crystal structure of (E)-3′,6′-bis(ethylamino)-2′,7′-dimethyl-2-(2-((quinolin-2-ylmethylene)amino)ethyl)spiro[isoindoline-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one, C38H37N5O2
Authors: Chu Yi-Xin , Li Kai-Hao , Yang Han-Huan , Yuan Juan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
C38H37N5O2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.3575(2) Å, b = 16.6645(3) Å, c = 13.7678(2) Å, β = 96.4890(14)°, Z = 4, V = 3045.03(8) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0386, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1028, T = 116.2(4) K.
Utilization of red mud for producing a high strength binder by composition optimization and nano strengthening
Authors: Ahmed Sara , Meng Tao , Taha Mazahir 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecycling of red mud (RM) has attracted more attention in recent years due to severe environmental problems caused by landfilling. The effect of composition optimization and Nano-strengthening on the properties of a binder based on RM was studied in this paper. Results showed that modifying ratios of main oxides and adding Nano-SiO2could obviously affect the mechanical properties and microstructure of the binder. Specimens with high SiO2/Al2O3molar ratio (S/A) displayed considerable increase in compressive strength, while decreasing Na2O/Al2O3molar ratio (N/A) improved the workability of the fresh mix. The compressive strength was developed significantly to be 45 MPa at 28 days by adding Nano-SiO2with 0.4 wt.% of RM. Phase transformation and microstructure change at different stages of RM decomposition and binder geopolyerization were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of this study may provide a prospective method to use RM more widely in construction applications.
Reanalysis of an Allocentric Navigation Strategy Scale based on Item Response Theory
Authors: Zhong Jimmy Y. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFocusing on 12 allocentric/survey-based strategy items of the Navigation Strategy Questionnaire (Zhong & Kozhevnikov, 2016), the current study applied item response theory-based analysis to determine whether a bidimensional model could better describe the latent structure of the survey-based strategy. Results from item and model fit diagnostics, categorical response and item information curves showed that an item with the lowest rotated component loading (.27) [SURVEY12], could be considered for exclusion in future studies; and that a bidimensional model with three preference-related items constituting a content factor offered a better representation of the latent structure than a unidimensional model per se. Mean scores from these three items also correlated significantly with a pointing-to-landmarks task to the same relative magnitude as the mean scores from all items, and all items excluding SURVEY12. These findings gave early evidence suggesting that the three preference-related items could constitute a subscale for deriving quick estimates of large-scale allocentric spatial processing in healthy adults in both experimental and clinical settings. Potential cognitive and brain mechanisms were discussed, followed by calls for future studies to gather greater evidence confirming the predictive validity of the full and sub scales, along with the design of new items focusing on environmental familiarity.
The Gender Ambiguity of Fertilization
Authors: Almansa-Villatoro M. Victoria 
Published: June 2020

Summary
The role of women in the processes of fertilization and procreation in ancient Egypt has been traditionally regarded as passive. This article sets out to challenge this view, by introducing the new evidence that the study of the Hemusets provide. The Hemusets have been largely neglected by the Egyptological scholarship, and consequently, their important contribution to the discussion of fertilization is still ignored, but this research examines for the first time their relevant textual and iconographic sources. This investigation shows that the Hemusets are involved in the creation of food and provision of fertility for both lands and humans. Furthermore, the sexual ambiguity of their iconography, and their chthonic nature frames them in a broader Mediterranean context of androgynous creative goddesses.
Automatically Assessing Low-Temperature Low-Shear Viscometric Response of Engine Lubricants with Decreasing Temperature
Authors: Henderson Kenneth O. , Mastropierro Joseph T. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Successful low-temperature operation of engines depends on the lubricant being able to flow to the oil pump. ASTM D5133, Standard Test Method for Low Temperature, Low Shear Rate, Viscosity/Temperature Dependence of Lubricating Oils Using a Temperature-Scanning Technique, is one of two tests the industry uses to assess whether the engine’s oil pump will be able to lift the lubricant from the sump at low temperatures. This test method requires several distinct steps to accomplish the required thermal conditioning. Accomplishing these steps in a consistent manner is necessary to minimize the variation in test results. Currently, ASTM D5133 has a repeatability of 16 % and a reproducibility of 29 %. This study demonstrates that automating the thermal conditioning steps yields better precision. Based on the samples tested, the automated procedure reduced the variability in test results by approximately 50 %. The data obtained show that the automated method provides a clearer distinction between lubricants whose flow properties were above the specification limit while having little impact on those at or below the specification limits. As a part of this study, the impact of small changes in shear rate was evaluated using the automatic procedure. Poor flow of lubricants at low temperatures can be due to the presence of wax crystals. ASTM D5133 uses a cylindrical rotor with a narrow gap between it and the stator, thus limiting crystal size. A portion of this study evaluates the impact of replacing the cylindrical rotor with a vane rotor. These measurements indicated that a vane rotor yields a stronger response for those samples with a test value greater than the specification limit but not those at or less than the limit.
Child Care Attendance and Educational and Economic Outcomes in Adulthood
Authors: Domond Pascale , Orri Massimiliano , Algan Yann , Findlay Leanne , Kohen Dafna , Vitaro Frank , Tremblay Richard E. , Côté Sylvana M. 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVES:
To test associations between onset of formal child care (in infancy or as a toddler), high school graduation, and employment earnings from ages 18 to 35 years.

METHODS:
A 30-year prospective cohort follow-up study, with linkage to government administrative databases (N =3020). Exposure included formal child care, if any, by accredited caregivers in centers or residential settings at ages 6 months and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 years. A propensity score analysis was conducted to control for social selection bias.

RESULTS:
Of 2905 participants with data on child care use, 59.4% of male participants and 78.5% of female participants completed high school by age 22 to 23. Mean income at last follow-up (n = 2860) was $47 000 (Canadian dollars) (SD = 37 700) and $32 500 (SD = 26 800), respectively. Using group-based trajectory modeling, we identified 3 groups: formal child care onset in infancy (∼6 months), formal child care onset as a toddler (after 2.5 years), and never exposed. After propensity score weighting, boys with child care started in infancy had greater odds of graduating than those never exposed (odds ratio [OR] 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–1.63; P &lt; .001). Boys attending child care had reduced odds of low income as young adults (infant onset: OR 0.60 [95% CI: 0.46–0.84; P &lt; .001]; toddler onset: OR 0.63 [95% CI: 0.45–0.82; P &lt; .001]). Girls’ graduation rates and incomes revealed no significant association with child care attendance.

CONCLUSIONS:
For boys, formal child care was associated with higher high school completion rates and reduced risk of adult poverty. Benefits for boys may therefore extend beyond school readiness, academic performance, and parental workforce participation.
Analysis of Primary Caesarean Section in a District Hospital
Authors: Chandel Anu Bala , Dogra Rohit 
Published: June 2020

Background: Caesarean delivery is defined as an operative procedure to deliver the fetus or foetuses after the period of viaility through an incision on the adominal wall and uterine wall in an intact uterus. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified an ideal caesarean section (CS) rate for a nation of around 10-15%1. The objective of the present study was to find the rate of primary caesarean deliveries in and its contribution to total caesarean rate and to analyze the indications of the caesarean sections.
Methods: It is a retrospective observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Regional hospital,Bilaspur. A total of 90 primary caesarean deliveries were studied.

Results: The total deliveries during the study period were 809 and the total caesarean section rate observed was 14.96%. The caesarean section rate among primigravidae was 74.38%. Out of the total number of primicaesarean deliveries, 92.22% were performed in emergency and 7.78% were performed electively. Among the emergency caesarean sections performed, 60.24% of patients had induced labor and 39.76% had spontaneous labor. The most common indication of caesarean section was fetal distress (43.33%) followed by failed induction(18.89%) and malpresentations (16.67%).

Conclusions: Caesarean audit should be performed routinely and every case should be scrutinised. Reducing the primary caesarean rate not only decreases total caesarean rate but also many long-term complications associated with previous caesarean sections like adherent placenta ,rupture uterus