bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deletion in the Promoter of PcPIN-L Affects the Polar Auxin Transport in Dwarf Pear (Pyrus communis L.)
Authors: Zheng Xiaodong , Zhang Haiyue , Xiao Yuxiong , Wang Caihong , Tian Yike 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDwarf cultivars or dwarfing rootstocks enable high-density planting and are therefore highly desirable in modern pear production. Previously, we found that the dwarf growth habit of pear is controlled by a single dominant genePcDw. In this study,PcPIN-L(PCP021016) was cloned from dwarf-type and standard-type pears.PcPIN-Lexpression was significantly lower in the dwarf-type pears than in standard-type pears, which was caused by the CT repeat deletion in the promoter of dwarf-type pears.PcPIN-Loverexpression in tobacco plants enhanced the growth of the stems and the roots. Notably, the indole acetic acid (IAA) content decreased in the shoot tips and increased in the stems of transgenic lines compared with wild type, which is consistent with the greater IAA content in the shoot tips and lower IAA content in the stems of dwarf-type pears than in standard-type pears. The CT repeat deletion in the promoter that causes a decrease in promoter activity is associated with lowerPcPIN-Lexpression in the dwarf-type pears, which might limit the polar auxin transport and in turn result in the dwarf phenotype. Taken together, the results provide a novel dwarfing molecular mechanism in perennial woody plants.
Zn-Alloyed All-Inorganic Halide Perovskite-Based White Light-Emitting Diodes with Superior Color Quality
Authors: Thapa Saroj , Adhikari Gopi Chandra , Zhu Hongyang , Grigoriev Alexei , Zhu Peifen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecently, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have gained tremendous attention in optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical properties. However, the toxicity of lead limits their practical applications. Here, the synthesis of Zn2+-alloyed CsZnxPb1-xX3 (up to 15%) NCs is reported to achieve lead-reduced white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). The incorporation of Zn2+ into CsPbX3 host NCs results in a lattice contraction, without altering the structure and morphology, which has a direct effect on the optical properties. The blue-shifts in the photoluminescence emission and increase in bandgap is observed while retaining high photoluminescence quantum yield. Then by engineering the different compositions of halides for 15% Zn2+-alloyed CsZnxPb1-xX3 NCs, tunable emission (411–636 nm) is obtained. Notably, the WLEDs are experimentally demonstrated employing the lead-reduced NCs (blue, green, yellow, and red). By varying the ratios of the amount of NCs, white lights with a tunable correlated-color temperature (2218–8335 K), an exemplary color-rendering index (up to 93) and high luminous efficacy of radiation (268–318 lm·W−1) are obtained. Best of our knowledge, these are superior to other reported WLEDs based on CsPbX3 NCs doped with transition metal ions. This work places the halide perovskite NCs one-step closer in designing the environmentally benign and energy-efficient WLEDs.
Ein Leben für die Gesundheit der Armen: Laudatio für Prof. Dr. med. Gerhard Trabert anlässlich der Verleihung der Salomon-Neumann-Medaille
Authors: Huber Ellis 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP) verleiht die Salomon-Neumann-Medaille für besondere Verdienste um die Präventiv- und Sozialmedizin. Die Salomon Neumann-Medaille 2019 wurde an Gerhard Trabert, Gründer und 1. Vorsitzender des Vereins „Armut und Gesundheit in Deutschland“ und Professor für Sozialmedizin und Sozialpsychiatrie an der Hochschule RheinMain in Wiesbaden verliehen. Sie ehrt einen Sozialmediziner, in dessen Person und Wirken als „Armenarzt unserer Zeit“ in besonderer Weise zum 200. Geburtstag des Namensgebers das sozialpolitische Engagement Salomon Neumanns für unsere Zeit aktualisiert sichtbar wird.
Endoscopic ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration for the detection of residual nodal disease after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer
Authors: van der Bogt Ruben D. , van der Wilk Berend J. , Poley Jan-Werner , Krishnadath Kausilia K. , Schoon Erik J. , Oostenbrug Liekele E. , Siersema Peter D. , Vleggaar Frank P. , Bruno Marco J. , Biermann Katharina , van Lanschot J. Jan B. , Spaander Manon C. W. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) are potential tools for the detection of residual disease after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for esophageal cancer. This study investigated yield of EUS and FNA for detection of malignant lymph nodes (LNs) after nCRT.
Methods This was a post hoc analysis of the preSANO trial. EUS was performed 10 – 12 weeks after nCRT. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography – computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) was used to guide targeting of suspicious LNs. Consecutive FNA sampling was performed for suspicious LNs identified on EUS and/or PET-CT. EUS nodal staging was compared with histopathological examination of the resection specimen. The primary outcome was the proportion of correctly identified patients with malignant LNs by radial EUS.
Results 101 consecutive patients were included: 79 patients had no malignant LNs, of whom 62 were classified correctly by EUS (specificity 78 %); 22 patients had malignant LNs, of whom 11 were identified (sensitivity 50 %). Six of these patients had ≥ 1 suspicious LN not fulfilling EUS criteria (round, hypoechogenic, > 5 mm). Malignant LNs in falsely negative patients were predominantly located at distal LN stations. Specificity and sensitivity of conclusive FNA outcomes were 100 % (7/7) and 75 % (3/4), respectively. FNA outcome was uncertain in eight patients, half of whom appeared to have malignant LNs.
Conclusions EUS only detected 50 % of patients with malignant LNs 10 – 12 weeks after nCRT. To optimize sensitivity and minimize the risk of missing residual disease, FNA of LNs should be performed even in cases of low endosonographic suspicion.
Carotid Body Baroreceptor Preservation and Control of Arterial Pressure in Eversion Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Kotsis Thomas , Christoforou Panagitsa , Nastos Konstantinos 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe technique of the eversion carotid endarterectomy (ECEA), as an alternative to the conventional endarterectomy with primary or patch angioplasty, is an established technique for managing internal carotid artery stenoses and recently its application has been upgraded through the European Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines (Recommendation 55: Class 1, Level A). However, the typical eversion method has been associated with postoperative hypertension due to loss of the baroreceptor reflex; the standard oblique transection at the bulb performed in the eversion endarterectomy interrupts either the baroreceptor sensoring tissue, which is mostly located in the adventitia at the medial portion of the proximal internal carotid artery, or even the proper Hering nerve, a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. These actions deregulate the natural negative feedback of the carotid baroreceptor. Guided by the anatomical location of the baroreceptor sensor we have elaborated a slight modification of the classical ECEA to maintain as much as possible of the viable carotid baroreceptor sensoring surface. By extending the oblique incision distal to the carotid bifurcation in the medial part of the internal carotid artery stem, an eyebrow-like part of the proximal internal carotid artery is maintained and the axis from the sensoring tissue to the nerve of Hering is protected and following the endarterectomy, postoperative arterial blood pressure levels are lower than in the classical ECEA due to the maintenance of the efficiency of the baroreceptor reflex. During the period from September 2016 to November 2018, carotid endarterectomy was performed in 57 patients. Twenty-eight of them underwent the typical ECEA and 29 patients had the modified eyebrow eversion carotid endarterectomy (me-ECEA). The changes of blood pressure baseline during the postoperative course in ECEA and me-ECEA group were analyzed and compared. Postoperative hypertension was defined as an elevation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) greater than 140 mm Hg. Patients who underwent typical ECEA had significantly higher postoperative blood pressure values compared with those who underwent me-ECEA. Actually, the mean postoperative SBP was 172.67 ± 24.59 mm Hg in the typical ECEA group compared with 160.86 ± 12.83 mm Hg in the me-ECEA group (p = 0.023). The mean diastolic blood pressure in the ECEA group was 65.42 ± 11.39 mm Hg compared with 58.06 ± 9.06 mm Hg in the me-ECEA group (p = 0.009). Our proposed me-ECEA technique seems to be related to lower rates of postoperative hypertension compared with the typical ECEA, probably due to the sparing of the main mass of the baroreceptor apparatus; this improved modification (me-ECEA) of the typical eversion procedure could represent an alternative ECEA technique with its inherent advantages.
Machine Protection Experience from Beam Tests with Crab Cavity Prototypes in the CERN SPS
Authors: Lindstrom B , Bartosik H , Bohl T , Butterworth A , Calaga R , Carver L R , Kain V , Levens T E , Papotti G , Secondo R , Uythoven J , Valette M , Vandoni G , Wenninger J , Wollmann D , Zerlauth M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Crab cavities (CCs) constitute a key component of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project. In case of a failure, they can induce significant transverse beam offsets within tens of microseconds, necessitating a fast removal of the circulating beam to avoid damage to accelerator components due to losses from the displaced beam halo. In preparation for the final design to be employed in the LHC, a series of tests were conducted on prototype crab cavities installed in the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN. This paper summarizes the machine protection requirements and observations during the first tests of crab cavities with proton beams in the SPS. In addition, the machine protection implications for future SPS tests and for the use of such equipment in the HL-LHC are discussed.
Low Emittance Tuning of FCC-ee
Authors: Charles T.K. , Aumon S. , Holzer B. , Oide K. , Zimmermann F. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The FCC-ee project studies the design of a future 100 km e+/e circular collider for precision studies and rare decay observations in the range of 90 to 350 GeV center of mass energy with luminosities in the order of 1035 cm–2 s–1. In order to reach these luminosity requirements, strong focusing is needed in the interaction regions. Large maximum beta values (of 7736 m for the Z energy) and the small beta star values, make the FCC-ee lattices particularly susceptible to misalignments and field errors. FCC-ee therefore presents an appreciable challenge for emittance tuning. In this paper, we describe a comprehensive correction strategy used for the low emittance tuning. The strategy includes programs that have been developed to optimise the lattice based on Dispersion Free Steering, linear coupling compensation based on Resonant Driving Terms and beta beat correction utilising response matrices. One hundred misalignment and field error random seeds were introduced in MAD-X simulations and the final corrected lattices are presented.
HOM damping options for the Z-Pole operating scenario of FCC-ee
Authors: Gorgi Zadeh S , Flisgen T , Calaga R , van Rienen U 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Z-pole option of FCC-ee is an Ampere class machine with a beam current of 1.39 A. Due to high HOM power and strong HOM damping requirements, the present baseline of FCC-ee considers a single-cell cavity at 400 MHz. In this paper, different HOM damping schemes are compared for the Z-pole operating scenario with the aim of lowering the parasitic longitudinal and transverse impedance. The HOM power for each damping scheme is also calculated.
Preliminary Research of HOM for 100MHz Superconducting Cavity in the Pre-research Project of HALS
Authors: Tang Yungai , Wu Cong-Feng , Wang Lin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A 100MHz QWR superconducting cavity is researched in the pre-research project of Hefei Advanced Light Source (HALS). Higher order modes (HOM) damping is a big challenge for synchrotron radiation light source. In this paper, we first apply the novel choke mode structure to the 100MHz QWR (quarter wave resonator) cavity in order to damp the HOM. We identify the main harmful higher order modes. The HOMs in the QWR cavity are suppressed by optimizing the choke dimensions. The broadband HOM impedance spectrum of the cavity was also evaluated by calculating the beam induced wake potential in time domain. The results show that choke mode structure has a good HOM damping effect on the QWR cavity.
Research of coherent edge radiation generated by electron beams oscillating free-electron lasers
Authors: Sei N , Ogawa H , Tanaka T , Hayakawa Y , Sakai T , Sumitomo Y , Takahashi Y , Hayakawa K , Nogami K , Zen H , Ohgaki H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We have studied far-infrared coherent radiation with S-band linacs at Laboratory for Electron Beam Re-search and Application (LEBRA) at Nihon University and at Kyoto University Free Electron Laser. We have already developed a couple of terahertz-wave sources based on coherent synchrotron radiation and coherent transition radiation, which have been applied to spectroscopic research. Moreover, we developed coherent edge radiation (CER) at the downstream bending magnets in the FEL sections. Because the edge radiation has an annular shape distribution characterized by the asymmetric first-order Laguerre-Gaussian mode, the CER can be extracted from an optical cavity of the FEL system without a diffraction loss of the FEL beam. The root-mean-squared bunch length of the electron beam was evaluated by measuring the CER spectra, which was about the same level as the FEL micropulse width. Although the infrared FELs at LEBRA had a long slippage length, the FEL energy became higher as the bunch length was shorter. The CER intensity can be a guidepost enhancing the FEL power because of the existence of their correlation.
Vacuum lifetime and surface charge limit investigations concerning high intensity spin-polarized photoinjectors
Authors: Friederich S , Aulenbacher K , Matejcek C 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Small Thermalized Electron Source at Mainz (STEAM) is a dc photoemission source. It is designed to operate at up to 200 kV bias voltage with an accelerating field of up to 5MV m−1 at the cathode surface. In several experiments, the properties of GaAs operating under the conditions of spin-polarized photoemission were investigated. Its performance, quantum efficiency lifetime and surface charge limit observations for bulk-GaAs will be discussed.
Emittance Reduction of RF Photoinjector Generated Electron Beams by Transverse Laser Beam Shaping
Authors: Gross M , Qian H J , Boonpornprasert P , Chen Y , Good J D , Huck H , Isaev I , Koschitzki C , Krasilnikov M , Lal S , Li X , Lishilin O , Loisch G , Melkumyan D , Mohanty S K , Niemczyk R , Oppelt A , Shaker H , Shu G , Stephan F , Vashchenko G , Will I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Laser pulse shaping is one of the key elements to generate low emittance electron beams with RF photoinjectors. Ultimately high performance can be achieved with ellipsoidal laser pulses, but 3-dimensional shaping is challenging. High beam quality can also be reached by simple transverse pulse shaping, which has demonstrated improved beam emittance compared to a transversely uniform laser in the ‘pancake’ photoemission regime. In this contribution we present the truncation of a Gaussian laser at a radius of approximately one sigma in the intermediate (electron bunch length directly after emission about the same as radius) photoemission regime with high acceleration gradients (up to 60 MV/m). This type of electron bunch is used e.g. at the European XFEL and FLASH free electron lasers at DESY, Hamburg site and is being investigated in detail at the Photoinjector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ). Here we present ray-tracing simulations and experimental data of a laser beamline upgrade enabling variable transverse truncation. Initial projected emittance measurements taken with help of this setup are shown, as well as supporting beam dynamics simulations. Additional simulations show the potential for substantial reduction of slice emittance at PITZ.
The use of an RF undulator in the design of an accelerating structure
Authors: Avreline N V , Polozov S M , Ponomarenko A G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The idea of accelerating a beam in the accelerating structures based on an RF undulator poses great ad-vantages in high current proton and ions accelerators. The accelerating structure based on an RF undulator uses a combinational wave that consists of the zeroth and the first harmonics for acceleration and focusing. This paper presents the development of this accelerating structure for acceleration of a beam. In particular, we show that this structure is an H-type resonator composed from five cou-pled sections.
Numerical studies on electron beam quality optimization in a laser-driven plasma accelerator with external injection at SINBAD for ATHENAe
Authors: Svystun E N , Assmann R W , Dorda U , Marchetti B , Martinez de la Ossa A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nowadays the electron beams produced in plasma-based accelerators (PBAs) are of sufficient energy for multi-GeV applications. However, to allow PBAs to be usable for demanding applications such as Free-Electron Lasers, the quality and stability of plasma-accelerated beams have to be improved. We present numerical studies on acceleration of an RF-generated electron beam with a charge of 0.8 pC and initial mean energy of 100 MeV to GeV energies by a laser-plasma accelerator. This acceleration scheme is planned to be tested experimentally within the framework of the ATHENAe (Accelerator Technology HElmholtz iNfrAstructure) project at the SINBAD (Short INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at DESY) facility at DESY, Hamburg. Electron beam injection, acceleration and extraction from the plasma are investigated through start-to-end 3D simulations. The effect of the injection phase on the accelerated beam quality is investigated through tolerance studies on the arrival-time jitter between the electron beam and the external laser.
Decay muon beamline design for EMuS
Authors: Song Y P , Bao Y , Tang J Y , Jing H T , Chen Y K , Meng C 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The beamline design philosophies and simulation results of the decay muon on Experimental Muon Source (EMuS) are reported in this paper. The trunk of the beamline is mainly composed of solenoids to keep a large acceptance, and has been optimized for 45, 150 and 450 MeV/c decay muons respectively according to the π spectra optimization results from the target station. Three spectrometers are planed for decay muons, corresponding to μSR application, muon imaging and muonic application respectively. Decay muons from 45 to 150 MeV/c with polarization above 75% are designed for μSR applications, and high momentum muons up to 450 MeV/c are designed for muon imaging. Negative decay muons from 45 to 150 MeV/c are designed for muonic applications. The momentum of the decay muons is tuneable between 45 and 450 MeV/c.
Remodeling of 150 Mev Ffag Main Ring At Kurns To Pion Production Ring
Authors: Suga K. , Ishi Y. , Uesugi T. , Kuriyama Y. , Fuwa Y. , Okita H. , Mori Y. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A possibility of remodeling main ring of 150 MeV FFAG accelerator at Kyoto University, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science (KURNS) to Pion Production Ring (PPR) for muon transmutation study has been discussed. Design was made on the assumption that 400 MeV proton beams circulate and hit a target in the ring to generate pions. Optimizations of lattice parameters and 3D magnet modeling are reported.
First partially stripped ions in the LHC (208Pb81+)
Authors: Schaumann M , Alemany-Fernandez R , Bartosik H , Bohl T , Bruce R , Hemelsoet G H , Hirlaender S , Jowett J M , Kain V , Krasny M W , Molson J , Papotti G , Solfaroli Camillocci M , Timko H , Wenninger J 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Gamma Factory initiative proposes to use partially stripped ion (PSI) beams as drivers of a new type of high intensity photon source. As part of the ongoing Physics Beyond Collider studies, initial beam tests with PSI beams have been executed at CERN. On 25 July 2018 lead ions with one remaining electron (208Pb81+) were injected and accelerated in the LHC for the first time. After establishing the injection and circulation of a few208Pb81+bunches, beam lifetimes of about 50 hours could be established at 6.5 TeV proton equivalent energy. This paper describes the setup of the beam tests and observations made.
Reconstruction of the longitudinal phase portrait for the SC CW heavy ion HELIAC at GSI
Authors: Lauber S. , Aulenbacher K. , Barth W. , Burandt C. , Dziuba F. , Forck P. , Gettmann V. , Heilmann M. , Kürzeder T. , List J. , Miski-Oglu M. , Podlech H. , Rubin A. , Schwarz M. , Sieber T. , Yaramyshev S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAt the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) in Darmstadt, Germany, the HElmholtz LInear Accelerator (HELIAC) is currently under construction. The HELIAC comprises superconducting multigap Crossbar H-mode (SC CH) cavities. The input beam is delivered by an already existing High Charge Injector (HLI). For the further development of the accelerator a detailed knowledge of the input beam parameters to the SC section is necessary. A method for beam reconstruction is incorporated, which provides for longitudinal beam characteristics using measurements with a beam shape monitor and a particle simulation code. This finalizes the investigations on 6D beam parameters, following previous measurements in transversal phase space. The reconstruction of the longitudinal phase portrait is presented.
The First Replacement of the RF Window of the ACS Cavity
Authors: Tamura Jun , Kondo Yasuhiro , Morishita Takatoshi , Naito Fujio , Otani Masashi , Nemoto Yasuo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In 2013, the Annular-ring Coupled Structure (ACS) cavities were installed to the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) linac. Since then, the ACS cavities have been stably running. Although any serious problem induced by the RF window had not yet observed, we decided to replace the RF window of one ACS cavity by the newly manufactured one. The major motivations of the replacement are to check the surface condition of the RF window which have been under operation for nearly five years, to confirm that the new RF window fully meets specifications, and to learn how much time is required for high-power conditioning of the new RF window. By making use of the summer maintenance period of 2018, we carried out the replacement. This was the first experience for us to replace the RF window installed to the ACS cavity in the linac accelerator tunnel. As for the removed RF window, there was no any abnormal warning found with the visual examination. At the resuming of the cavity operation after the maintenance period, we conducted the high-power conditioning in a measured manner. It took around fifty hours so that the targeted peak power was stably input to the cavity through the new RF window. The ACS cavity with the new RF window is now stably operating.