bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telemedicine system using mobile internet communication
Authors: S. Saravanan , P. Sudhakar 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Telemedicine is delivered to patient anywhere during emergency treatment care, and medical information is transferred from one site of patient to another site of specialist doctors by using mobile internet communication. Some rural areas have slow internet speed because of weak internet signal propagation from mobile towers. A good design of antenna is needed to improve mobile internet speed for big medial data transmission in telemedicine application. Hence, this paper aims to propose economically low-cost design of antenna.

Design/methodology/approach
Telemedicine recommended to design the satellite frequency modulation dish (SAT FMD) antenna ( where in FM radio antenna, dish antenna are combined ) to improve the internet speed at Telemedicine system and Hospitals for purpose of Telemedicine communication and information for emergency treatment.

Findings
In the proposed system, designed SAT FMD satellite-based antenna improved internet speed is achieved at 90.6% accuracy in this research method. Finding latitude and longitude angles to identify the patient location, nearest hospitals location and finding distance, shortest path routing between patient and hospital. Finding elevation, Azimuth, latitude, longitude, skew for alignment dish to focus satellite and mobile cell tower to improve internet speed at telemedicine area and hospitals and reduced transmission delay and nodal delay of big medical data.

Social implications
The social awareness among people can be shared information of accident patient to communicate Hospital and Ambulance driver by internet mobile app tools and help find nearest hospitals to emergency treatment for accident people.

Originality/value
This paper presents SAT FMD antenna model based on satellite dish antenna consisting of FM radio receiver antenna and dish antenna for telemedicine communication.
Lifting the lid on disruption fever
Authors: Wade Michael , Bonnet Didier C-L , Shan Jialu 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper provides evidence based quantification of both “actual” disruption of industries as well as a measure of disruption “hype”. The data cover a seven-year period from 2012 to 2018 across 12 industries. The authors’ complemented the research with a survey of 2000 business executives. Whereas there has been some measures of disruption in the past, no research to the authors’ knowledge has been conducted that measure both actual disruption and disruption hype.Design/methodology/approachThe current fascination with disruption hides an awkward truth, we assume it is happening, but do we really know for sure? Disruption is rarely defined and almost never measured. Equally, the influence of the hype around disruption is hard to gauge. The authors do not know to what extent hype is driving management action. This is worrisome as the disruption “noise level” can lead to unhealthy collective thinking and bad business decision-making. Some rigour is required. To craft winning strategies, executives should take a more evidence-based approach for managing disruption.FindingsThe authors’ failed to find evidence of any correlation between the hype around an industry disruption and actual disruption within that industry. So the important conclusion for executives is “do not believe the hype”. We found some surprising differences by industry between actual disruption and the hype by industry.Research limitations/implicationsDisruption is one of the most talked about subject in the field of strategy, yet there is little quantification. With this research, the authors’ aim is to advance the fact-based understanding of disruption. Disruption hype is never measured but has a strong influence on executives. The authors have quantified hype using online, search, social media and survey sources. Much more is needed to be able to measure hype more accurately.Practical implicationsThe authors’ recommend a set of practical guidelines for executives to support fact-based strategy formulation: analysis of actual disruption, scenario planning and strategic responses.Social implicationsThe “noise” around industry disruption is so high that it is assumed to happen. Much of what is written is quasi-fake news. The authors need to rebalance the debate with fact-based analysis.Originality/valueTo authors’ knowledge, there has never been any fact-based analysis of both actual and hype disruption levels.
Meaning of “employee happiness” within the context of complex organisations? An explanatory review on the UAE labour force
Authors: Benuyenah Vic , Pandya Bharti 
Published: July 2020

PurposeIn this study, the authors build on the current frameworks of happiness provided by the PERMA model, the World Happiness Report Index and the theoretical framework provided by the proponents of job-satisfaction model, motivation, employee engagement and commitment. The authors argue that, the existing theoretical framework in the management and the HR literature are just different aspects of a common goal – happiness. This position is consistent with the overall happiness projects championed by governments across the world, including the UK, Bhutan, several Scandinavian nations and essentially the United Arab Emirates. A chasm that currently exists in the literature is the availability of a universally acceptable definition for happiness and protocols for measuring happiness. The authors conclude that more research is required to keep pace with industry development relating to employee happiness initiatives.Design/methodology/approachUsing quasi-literature review, the authors analysed selected studies on the theory of happiness to identify how each have treated the concept of happiness in organisations.FindingsIt is erroneous to promote national or international happiness initiatives without starting from the micro level – in this case, the institutions of society should start measuring happiness from the micro level to help understand what happiness actually means.Research limitations/implicationsAs an opinion piece, its recommendations need to be applied cautiously.Originality/valueTill date, only a few studies have explored the concept of happiness from micro-organisational level.
Introduction: Regulation and Oversight of Digital Campaigning—Problems and Solutions
Authors: Dommett Katharine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe regulation of digital technology is gaining increased attention within policy making circles. With growing recognition of the power held by digital media companies and the need to enforce democratic values online, policy makers are reviewing opportunities for oversight. Introducing a special section looking at the regulation of digital election campaigning, this article reviews the case for regulatory reform, the proposed type of regulatory change, and the practice of regulatory innovation. Noting the pace of digital change, it argues that there is a need to think more extensively about the design of any regulatory response in order to prevent systems of oversight becoming obsolete.
Sex is associated with the persistence of non‐optimal vaginal microbiota following treatment for bacterial vaginosis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ratten LK , Plummer EL , Murray GL , Danielewski J , Fairley CK , Garland SM , Hocking JS , Tachedjian G , Chow EPF , Bradshaw CS , Vodstrcil LA 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveDetermine the associations between factors and sexual practices and the composition of the vaginal microbiome (VM) of women treated for bacterial vaginosis (BV).DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThe Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Melbourne, Australia.PopulationSeventy‐five reproductive‐age women diagnosed with clinical BV, treated with first‐line antibiotics and followed for up to 6 months.MethodsWomen self‐collected vaginal swabs and completed questionnaires at enrolment, the day following antibiotics and monthly for up to 6months until BV recurrence or no BV recurrence (n = 430 specimens). Bacterial composition was determined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The effects of ongoing factors on VM composition (utilising 291 monthly specimens) were assessed using generalised estimating equations population‐averaged models, which accounted for repeated measures within individuals.Main outcome measuresThe relative abundance of vaginal bacterial taxa.ResultsWomen who reported ongoing sex with a regular sexual partner (RSP) had a VM comprised of increased relative abundance of non‐optimal BV‐associated bacteria (Adjusted co‐efficient [Adjusted co‐eff] = 11.91, 95% CI 3.39to20.43, P = 0.006) and a decreased relative abundance of optimal, Lactobacillus species (Adjusted co‐eff = −12.76, 95% CI −23.03 to −2.49, P = 0.015). A history of BV was also associated with a decreased relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. (Adjusted co‐eff = −12.35, 95% CI −22.68, P = 0.019). The relative abundance of Gardnerella, Atopobium and Sneathia spp. increased following sex with an RSP.ConclusionsSex with an untreated RSP after BV treatment was associated with a VM comprised of non‐optimal BV‐associated bacteria. BV treatment approaches may need to include partner treatment if they are to achieve a sustained optimal VM associated with improved health outcomes.Tweetable abstractSex drives a return to a ‘non‐optimal’ vaginal microbiota after antibiotics for bacterial vaginosis.
Do physician incentives increase patient medication adherence?
Authors: Kong Edward , Beshears John , Laibson David , Madrian Brigitte , Volpp Kevin , Loewenstein George , Kolstad Jonathan , Choi James J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo test the effectiveness of physician incentives for increasing patient medication adherence in three drug classes: diabetes medication, antihypertensives, and statins.Data SourcesPharmacy and medical claims from a large Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug Plan from January 2011 to December 2012.Study DesignWe conducted a randomized experiment (911 primary care practices and 8,935 nonadherent patients) to test the effect of paying physicians for increasing patient medication adherence in three drug classes: diabetes medication, antihypertensives, and statins. We measured patients’ medication adherence for 18 (6) months before (after) the intervention.Data collection/extraction methodsWe obtained data directly from the health insurer.Principal FindingsWe found no evidence that physician incentives increased adherence in any drug class. Our results rule out increases in the proportion of days covered by medication larger than 4.2 percentage points.ConclusionsPhysician incentives of $50 per patient per drug class are not effective for increasing patient medication adherence among the drug classes and primary care practices studied. Such incentives may be more likely to improve measures under physicians’ direct control rather than those that predominantly reflect patient behaviors. Additional research is warranted to disentangle whether physician effort is not responsive to these types of incentives, or medication adherence is not responsive to physician effort. Our results suggest that significant changes in the incentive amount or program design may be necessary to produce responses from physicians or patients.
Polysaccharide isolated from Auricularia auricular‐judae (Bull.) prevents dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis in mice through modulating the composition of the gut microbiota
Authors: Zhao Di , Dai Wenjing , Tao Heng , Zhuang Wei , Qu Mi , Chang Ya‐Ning 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal disease, which was commonly found in westerners whereas is increasingly prevalent in Asia because of the changing eating habits. In previous research, we found that a water‐soluble polysaccharide isolated from Auricularia auricular‐judae (Bull.)—a kind of edible mushroom (Aap)—is composed of β‐1,3 glycosidic bonds, which is regarded as therapeutic or protective substance in enteritis. We therefore aimed to find the preventing effect of Aap on IBD. Here, we reported that pre‐administration of Aap not only ameliorated weight loss, colon damage, and mucosal inflammation in colitis mice, but also prevented the damage of intestinal barrier by reducing the D‐lactic acid and diamine oxidase level in plasma. Through high‐throughput sequencing, we found that Aap changed gut microbiota composition. Furthermore, the preventing effect was transmissible via horizontal feces transfer from Aap‐treated mice to normal mice. Our results indicated that oral administration of Aap is a promising protective substance of IBD.Practical ApplicationOur study proved that Auricularia auricula polysaccharide had substantial preventing effect on DSS‐induced colitis in mice. This research might lay the theoretical foundation and technical support for the development of related functional foods. People could also enhance their gut immunity by eating Auricularia auricular in their daily life. Auricularia auricular as a highly nutritious agricultural product showed the broad significance in nutrition and food function.
Differences in outflow channels between two eyes of unilateral primary congenital glaucoma
Authors: Gupta Viney , Singh Abhishek , Pandya Ishan , Sofi Rayees , Sen Seema , Somarajan Bindu I. , Gupta Shikha , Nag Tapas C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposePrimary congenital glaucoma (PCG) occurs in only one eye in some patients. We aimed to characterize anatomical features of the angle and Schlemm’s canal (SC) in vivo among fellow eyes of patients with unilateral primary congenital glaucoma.MethodsBoth eyes of 33 children with unilateral PCG and 30 healthy, age‐matched children, old enough to co‐operate were analysed using high‐resolution anterior segment spectral domain (SD) OCT. Subgroup analysis was done for the presence/absence of angle dysgenesis as defined by the presence of abnormal tissue/hyper‐reflective membrane within angle recess and/or the absence of SC. Other anatomical landmarks differentiating the fellow eyes from eyes with glaucoma were also evaluated and compared with healthy subjects.ResultsThe presence of abnormal tissue at the angle and/or a hyper‐reflective membranous structure covering the meshwork was seen in all affected PCG eyes (100%) and in 21 (63%) unaffected fellow eyes; p = 0.001. The SC could be seen in 8 (24%) affected in comparison with 29 (88%) fellow unaffected eyes; p = 0.001. The ASOCT scans of 54 (90%) healthy eyes and 3 (9%) fellow PCG eyes revealed a direct communication of anterior portion of the SC with the anterior chamber. Among the fellow eyes, a communication of the supraciliary space with anterior chamber could be discerned in 26 eyes (79%).ConclusionsDespite angle dysgenesis, outflow channels such as the uveoscleral or a direct communication of SC with the anterior chamber play a role in preventing the development of glaucoma in fellow eyes of unilateral PCG.
Ellipsoid zone optical intensity reduction as an early biomarker for retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Gong Yuting , Chen Li Jia , Pang Chi Pui , Chen Haoyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate photoreceptor degeneration in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) by quantitatively analysing optical intensity of ellipsoid zone (EZ) on optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsWe conducted OCT line scans of the horizontal meridian in 24 eyes of 24 RP patients and 30 eyes of 30 healthy controls and obtained longitudinal reflectance profiles using ImageJ at every 5 pixels. Relative optical intensity was calculated from dividing the peak of EZ by the mean of the whole retina.ResultsThe optical intensity of EZ variation followed a similar pattern in all patients. It decreased with eccentricity and then vanished, regardless whether it was normal or reduced at the fovea. The mean relative optical intensity of EZ in RP patients was 0.69 ± 0.13 to that of control subjects at the location just before it disappeared. The relative optical intensity of EZ at fovea was significantly correlated with the best‐corrected visual acuity in patients (r = −0.617, p = 0.001).ConclusionThe optical intensity of EZ detected by OCT can serve as a biomarker for early detection of photoreceptor degeneration in RP.
The effect of orally administered glycerol on anterior chamber depth during cataract surgery in eyes with narrow anterior chambers
Authors: Nissen Kristoffer , Jørgensen Jesper Skovlund , Nørregaard Jens Christian , Storr‐Paulsen Allan , Bach‐Holm Daniella 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeCataract surgery on eyes with shallow anterior chambers may be demanding. Glycerol intake prior to surgery has been a well‐known method in an effort to increase anterior chamber depth. It is used since it is thought that glycerol as an osmotic agent causes the vitreous body to shrink, pulling back the iris and thereby deepening the anterior chamber – making the surgery easier. Our controlled clinical trial tests this hypothesis and investigates the effect of glycerol on anterior chamber depth (ACD), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal thickness (CCT), pupil diameter change after viscodilation (PD), operating time and perioperative complications.MethodsWe performed a controlled clinical trial. All patients underwent cataract surgery on both eyes with at least 7 days apart. Preoperatively the patient was given glycerol orally when the right eye was operated – when the left eye was operated, nothing was given. In this way, each patient was serving as its own control. Measurements of ACD, IOP and CCT were performed before and after glycerol intake, pupillary diameter was measured before and after viscoelastics during the operation, and operating time and surgical complications were noted.ResultsThe study included 22 patients with bilateral cataract and anterior chambers depth <2.5 mm. Glycerol caused the anterior chamber to increase by 0.022 mm (p < 0.05), and IOP was lowered by 5.1 mmHg compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, exposure to glycerol showed no effect on CCT, pupillary dilation of viscoelastics, operating time or surgical complications.ConclusionGlycerol increases anterior chamber depth and lowers intraocular pressure significantly. These changes had no significant impact on operating time nor on the complication rate, suggesting that these changes are too subtle to have a clinical impact on the cataract procedure.
Three‐dimensional design of a geometric model for an ocular prosthesis in ex vivo anophthalmic socket models
Authors: Ruiters Sébastien , Shujaat Sohaib , de Faria Vasconcelos Karla , Shaheen Eman , Jacobs Reinhilde , Mombaerts Ilse 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeFitting a customized ocular prosthesis for anophthalmic patients entails an artisanal labour‐exhausting process and is standardly based on impression moulding of the socket, which may be anatomically inaccurate. The objective of the study was to design an impression‐free socket mould with three‐dimensional (3D) technology.MethodsThe ex vivo anophthalmic socket models included one silicone, one fresh pig cadaver head and three fresh‐frozen human cadaver heads. After intra‐socket application with iodine substance, five observers obtained eighteen low‐dose cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and one observer one high‐dose CBCT scan of each model. The observers designed non‐impression 3D moulds of the socket with 3D software. For the human cadaver sockets 3D geometric models of the ocular prosthesis were rendered from the 3D mould of the socket and the mirrored cornea of the contralateral eye.ResultsThe posterior surface of the 3D mould was highly accurate, with a mean absolute deviation of 0.28 mm, 0.53 mm, 0.37 mm and mean upper deviation of 0.53 mm, 0.86 mm, 1.17 mm, respectively, for the phantom, pig and human model. The intra‐ and interobserver repeatability and reproducibility of the 3D moulds and designs was good (<0.35 mm). The largest variation in the 3D geometric model was found at the junction of the 3D mould and mirrored cornea.Conclusion3D design of an impression‐free geometric model for an ocular prosthesis with low‐dose CBCT is highly accurate in ex vivo anophthalmic socket models. This novel method is a critical step towards the manufacturing of 3D printed ocular prostheses and requires validation in anophthalmic patients.
The use of human artificial gametes and the limits of reproductive freedom
Authors: Gooßens Dustin 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTRecent developments in generating gametes via in vitro gametogenesis (IVG) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their successful use for reproductive purposes in animals strongly suggest that soon these methods could also be used in human reproduction. At least two questions emerge in this context: (a) if a legislator should permit their use and (b) if ethical claims emerge that support their provision, e.g., by public health care systems. This urges an ethical reflection of the new reproductive options this technique might offer. Since the concept of reproductive freedom is a key aspect for the ethical evaluation of artificial reproductive technologies (ARTs), it is necessary to analyze if the new possibilities emerging from IVG fall within the scope of this concept. The results may constitute a morally relevant difference between different imaginable applications of IVG and potentially justify differences in claims to access this technology.
Long‐term follow‐up of children with risk organ‐negative Langerhans cell histiocytosis after 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine treatment
Authors: Barkaoui Mohamed‐Aziz , Queheille Emma , Aladjidi Nathalie , Plat Geneviève , Jeziorski Eric , Moshous Despina , Lambilliotte Anne , Kebaili Kamila , Pacquement Hélène , Leverger Guy , Mansuy Ludovic , Entz‐Werlé Natacha , Bodet Damien , Schneider Pascale , Pagnier Anne , Lutun Anne , Gillibert‐Yvert Marion , Millot Fréderic , Toutain Fabienne , Reguerre Yves , Thomas Caroline , Tazi Abdelatif , Emile Jean‐François , Donadieu Jean , Héritier Sébastien 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe nucleoside analogue, 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine (2CDA), was reported to be an active treatment for childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) without risk organ (RO−) involvement. However, we lack data on long‐term effects of 2CDA treatment, including the disease reactivation rate, permanent sequelae and long‐term tolerance. This study included 44 children from the French LCH registry, treated for a RO− LCH with 2CDA monotherapy (median number of six courses). The median age at the beginning of 2CDA was 3·6 years (range, 0·3–19·7 years) and the median follow‐up after was 5·4 years (range, 0·6–15·1 years). Objective response to 2CDA was observed in 25 patients (56·8%), while six patients (13·6%) had stable disease and 13 patients (29·5%) exhibited progressive disease. Among patients without progression, only two experienced disease reactivation after 2CDA discontinuation. The five‐year cumulative incidence of disease progression or reactivation after 2CDA therapy initiation was 34·3%. The lymphopenia reported in all cases [72% below absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) of 0·5 G/l], was addressed with appropriate prophylactic measures. Other toxicities above grade 2 were uncommon, and no second malignant neoplasm or neuropathy was reported. The five‐year overall survival was 97·7%. In conclusion, we could confirm that 2CDA monotherapy was a beneficial long‐term therapy for treating patients with RO− LCH. Appropriate management of induced immune deficiency is mandatory.