bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Serratia Marcescens from the Soil and In vitro Prodigiosin Production as Source of Antibiotic, Active against Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Akin-Osanaiye B. C. , Aruwa I. N. , Olobayotan I. W. 
Published: October 2019

Background: Wide range of microorganisms produced secondary metabolites as microbial activities in extended habitats.
Aims: The aim of this research is the extraction of the red colored pigment, prodigiosin from Serratia marcesens isolated from the soil and evaluate its antibacterial activity against different strains of oxacillin/methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus S. aureus.
Study Design: Two isolates, namely, RMN1 and RMN2, belonging to the Genus, Serratia from two soil samples collected from two strategic locations in University of Abuja, Nigeria were isolated. The isolates were morphologically distinct on the basis of spore colour, aerial and substrate mycelium formation and production of diffusible pigment. Isolates were Gram stained, observed under a microscope and were seen to be Gram negative. Biochemical tests revealed that the two isolates were catalase and citrate positive, and were oxidase negative. One of the two isolates was observed to have significant antibiotic producing potential, and the antibacterial activity of the produced antibiotics (red pigment extracted from cultural supernatants of the isolates grown on Peptone glycerol agar) was assessed using the agar-well diffusion method and streaking agar method.
Results: The results indicated that the pigment extracted in vitro had varying antibacterial activity at different concentrations of 500 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 125 mg/ml and 62.5 mg/ml against four strains of the test organism (Staphylococcus aureus) titled S1 to S4, the extracted pigment was more effective at concentration 500 mg/ml against the antibiotic resistant S. aureus with the MIC at 125 mg/ml.
Conclusion: The results indicated that the soil of this region could be a good source of prodigiosin having antibacterial activity and thus enable the use of micro-organisms as biological control agents.
Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated in the Air of Some Public Toilets in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Olufunmilayo Williams, Janet , Jessica Lumati, 
Published: October 2019

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major challenges facing the health sector. This study was aimed at investigating the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from indoor air of public toilets in motor parks with a view of developing an antibiogram. The study sites included the public toilets in Mile 3 Motor Park, Rivers Transport Company (RTC) park and a General Motor Park in Waterlines, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The indoor air was sampled using the plate exposure and disc diffusion techniques in determining the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates. The bacterial isolates in the genera, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Enterobacter and Klebsiella species were identified. The antibiogram of the bacteria isolated showed that the bacterial isolates exhibited multi-drug resistant species as the isolates were resistant to more than two antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin and Tarivid are the drug of choice and recommended for treatment of infections from these study sites.
Chryseobacterium
Authors: Hugo Celia , Bernardet Jean‐François , Nicholson Ainsley , Kämpfer Peter 
Published: October 2019

AbstractChry.se.o.bac.te'ri.um. Gr. adj.chryseosgolden; L. neut. n.bacteriuma small rod; N.L. neut. n.Chryseobacteriuma yellow rod.Bacteroidetes / Flavobacteriia / Flavobacteriales / Flavobacteriaceae / ChryseobacteriumThe genusChryseobacteriumis classified within the familyFlavobacteriaceae, orderFlavobacteriales, and in the classFlavobacteriia. Almost all species produce pale yellow to orange colonies, mainly due to flexirubin‐type pigments and sometimes carotenoid pigments. Cells are rod shaped and Gram‐staining‐negative. Most strains grow optimally at 15–30°C, pH 6–8, and 0–1% (w/v) NaCl, although halotolerant species do occur. Almost all species are strictly aerobic. Menaquinone‐6 is the major respiratory quinone. Phosphatidylethanolamine is the major polar lipid in most species.sym‐homospermidine is the major polyamine, and phosphosphingolipids are absent. The major fatty acids are iso‐C15:0, iso‐C17:1ω9c, iso‐C17:03‐OH, and iso‐C15:02‐OH. The type strains from most species were isolated from environmental sources such as fresh or seawater, or soil. Other sources include insects, plant rhizosphere, biofilms, surfaces in beer bottling plants, and other industrial sources. Human clinical specimens and hospital environments have yielded certain species as well as unclassified strains, but it is often unclear if they are direct pathogens, opportunistic pathogens, or mere contaminants. Similarly,Chryseobacteriumisolates have been derived from both healthy and diseased fish. Several species occur in food or dairy products; they may be involved in spoilage.DNA G + C content (mol%): 28.8–49.3.Type species:Chryseobacterium gleum(Holmes, Owen, Steigerwalt and Brenner 1984b) Vandamme, Bernardet, Segers, Kersters and Holmes 1994, 830VP(Flavobacterium gleumHolmes, Owen, Steigerwalt and Brenner 1984b, 23).
M
ethanogenium
Authors: Akinyemi Taiwo S. , Shao Nana , Whitman William B. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Me.tha.no.ge'ni.um. N.L. neut. n.
methanum,
methane; N.L. suff.
‐genes
(from L. v.
gigno
) producing; N.L. neut. n.
Methanogenium
, a methane producer.

Euryarchaeota / Methanomicrobiales / Methanomicrobiales / Methanomicrobiaceae / Methanogenium

Irregular cocci occurring singly or in pairs, usually 0.5–2.6 µm in diameter. Gram‐stain‐negative. Does not form spores. No motility observed, although some strains are flagellated. Strictly anaerobic. Chemolithotrophic, utilizing H
2
or sometimes formate and primary or secondary alcohols as electron donors, reducing carbon dioxide to methane. Growth factors required. NaCl generally required or stimulatory for growth. Optimal temperature range 15–35
°
C; optimal pH 6.0–7.9. Draft‐genome sequences have been determined for both
M. cariaci
JCM 10550 and
M. frigidum
Ace‐2
T
. Occur in cold anaerobic marine or freshwater sulfate‐depleted sediments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 47–52.

Type species
:
Methanogenium cariaci
Romesser, Wolfe, Mayer, Spiess and Walther‐Mauruschat 1981, 216
VP
(Effective publication: Romesser, Wolfe, Mayer, Spiess and Walther‐Mauruschat 1979, 152).
T
hermotoga
Authors: Nesbø Camilla L. , Farrell Anne A. , Zhaxybayeva Olga , L'Haridon Stéphane 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Ther.mo.to'ga. Gr. fem. n.
therme
heat: L. fem. n.
toga
Roman outer garment: N.L. fem. n.
Thermotoga
the hot outer garment.

Thermotogota / Thermotogae / Thermotogales / Thermotogaceae / Thermotoga

The genus
Thermotoga
comprises sheathed, hyperthermophilic, anaerobic, fermentative, and hydrogen‐producing bacteria. These bacteria reduce thiosulfate and sulfur to sulfide.
Thermotoga
spp. are members of the phylum
Thermotogota
, class
Thermotogae
, order
Thermotogales
, family
Thermotogaceae
. Known habitats are geothermal heated marine sediments, shallow submarine thermal vents, hot springs, and oil reservoirs. Genome sizes of closed genomes are in the range 1.75–1.88 Mb, and GC content is 46.1–47.1%.
Thermotoga
spp. display high levels of homologous recombination and lateral gene transfer with both closely related and distantly related lineages. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA genes assign two recently described species,
T. profunda
and
T. caldifontis,
to the recently proposed genus
Pseudothermotoga
. Hence, we propose an emended description of the genus
Thermotoga
, which consists of four validly named species:
T. maritima
,
T. neapolitana
,
T. naphthophila
, and
T. petrophila
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 46.1–47.1 (genome analysis).

Type species
:

Thermotoga maritima

Stetter and Huber 1986, 575
VP
(Effective publication: Stetter and Huber
in
Huber, Langworthy, König, Thomm, Woese, Sleytr et al. 1986)
Hungatella
Authors: Sharma Deepika , Singh Shelley Sardul , Gundawar Krishna , Korpole Suresh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHun.ga.tel'la. N.L. fem. dim. n.Hungatella, named in honor of R.E. Hungate, who contributed much to anaerobic bacteriology.Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Lachnospiraceae / HungatellaHungatellais a genus classified in the phylumFirmicutes,classClostridia, orderLachnospirales,and familyLachnospiraceae. Presently, two species are described in this genus,Hungatella hathewayiandHungatella effluvii. Members of the genus have been isolated from diverse environments such as human blood, human feces, and an anaerobic effluent treatment plant. The type species of the genus,H. hathewayiis clinically important as several strains have been reported mostly from blood samples of patients. Cells are Gram‐stain‐variable, motile, obligate anaerobe, endospore‐forming, and rod‐shaped with length and width ranging from 2 to 5 µm and 0.7 to 1.5 µm.H. hathewayihas been reported to form slimy capsules. The fatty acid composition is dominated by unsaturated fatty acids and C15:1ω8c being the major fatty acid. Acetate and propionate are formed as a result of glucose fermentation. Total polar lipid profile is enriched by phosphatidylglycerol (PG) along with unidentified phospholipids and glycolipids. Comparative genomic and phenotypic analyses assigned the phylogenetically close relatives of the genusHungatellato the familyLachnospiraceae. This family is comprised of thirty‐nine genera including the genusHungatella. While two validly published species have been described in this genus (H. hathewayiandH. effluvii), there are some other strains pertaining to various species of the genusClostridiumthat have also been described under this genus by Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB). The DNA G + C content of the genus range between 42 and 49 mol%.DNA G + C content (mol%): 42–49 (Tmvalues derived from whole genome sequence).Type species:Hungatella hathewayi(Steer, Collins, Gibson, Hippe and Lawson 2001) Kaur, Yawar, Kumar and Suresh 2014, 716VP(Clostridium hathewayiSteer, Collins, Gibson, Hippe and Lawson 2002, 685).
S
alinarimonas
Authors: Cui Xiao‐Long , Wang Yong‐Xia , Xiao Wei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Sa.li.na.ri.mo'nas. L. masc. adj.
salinarius
of or belonging to saltworks; L. fem. n.
monas
a unit, a monad; N.L. fem. n.
Salinarimonas
a monad from salt works.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Salinarimonadaceae / Salinarimonas

Gram‐negative, facultatively anaerobic, halotolerant, motile with a single polar flagellum, oxidase‐ and catalase‐positive, and straight or slightly curved rod‐shaped bacteria often forming branches. Produce pink or red‐pigmented colonies. The major fatty acids (10% of total fatty acids) are C
18:1
ω7
c
, C
18:1
ω9
c
, C
16:0
and C
19:0
cyclo ω8
c
, and C
16:0
and 10‐methyl C
19:0
. The predominant respiratory ubiquinone is Q‐10. The major polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylmethylethanolamine (PME), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and two unknown phospholipids. Members of the class
Alphaproteobacteria
, order
Rhizobiales
, family
Salinarimonadaceae
. Known habitats are salt mines and saline soils.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 67.68–71.80 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Salinarimonas rosea
Liu, Wang, Zhang, Wang, Chen, Wen et al. 2010, 59
VP
.
A
idingimonas
Authors: Li Shuai , Narsing Rao Manik Prabhu , Li Wen‐Jun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Ai.ding.i.mo'nas. N.L. n.
Aiding
, a lake located in the Xinjiang province of north‐west China; L. fem. n.
monas
, a unit, a monad; N.L. fem. n.
Aidingimonas
, a monad from Aiding Lake.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Oceanospirillales / Halomonadaceae / Aidingimonas

The genus
Aidingimonas
is classified within the family
Halomonadaceae,
order
Oceanospirillales,
and in the class
Gammaproteobacteria
. Members of this genus share 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 92.0–95.0% with the members of the genera
Modicisalibacter
,
Chromohalobacter
, and
Halomonas
. Cells are nonmotile short rods that stain Gram‐negative. Cells are facultatively anaerobic and moderately halophilic. Strains could grow well over a wide range of physiological conditions: 10–45°C, pH 5.0–10.0, and 1–25% (w/v) NaCl. The only respiratory quinone is ubiquinone 9. The major polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, two unidentified phospholipids, two unidentified phosphoglycolipids, and one unidentified glycolipid. The major fatty acids (>10%) are C
19:0
cyclo ω8
c
and C
16:0
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 57.2–57.5 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Aidingimonas halophila
Wang, Tang, Lou, Lee, Jeon, Xu, et al. 2009, 3092
VP
.
S
ciscionella
Authors: Asem Mipeshwaree Devi , Salam Nimaichand , Jiao Jian‐Yu , Li Wen‐Jun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Sci.sci.o.nel'la. N.L. fem. dim. n.
Sciscionella
arbitrary name formed from the acronym of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, SCISCIO, where taxonomic studies on this taxon were performed.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Pseudonocardiales / Pseudonocardiaceae / Sciscionella

The genus
Sciscionella
is classified as a member of the family
Pseudonocardiaceae
, order
Pseudonocardiales
, and in the class
Actinobacteria
. The member of this genus has a 16S rRNA sequence identity of less than 94% with the other members of the family
Pseudonocardiaceae
. In the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the single member of this genus,
Sciscionella marina
, forms a distant clade, closely related to the genera
Haloechinothrix, Thermocrispum
, and
Yuhushiella
. Cells are characterized with cell‐wall chemotype IV and phospholipid pattern type III
sensu
Lechevalier et al. 1977. The predominant respiratory quinone is MK‐9(H
4
), and the fatty acid composition is dominated by saturated branched‐chain fatty acids, but not mycolic acids. Phenotypically, strains are aerobic and stain Gram‐positive. They could grow at 10–37°C, pH 6.0–8.0, and in the presence of up to 13% NaCl (w/v). The genus comprises one species,
Sciscionella marina
(the type species of the genus).

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 68 (WGS).

Type species
:
Sciscionella marina
Tian, Zhi, Qiu, Zhang, Tang, Xu et al. 2009, 225
VP
.
O
rrella
Authors: Carlier Aurelien 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Orr.el'la. N.L. dim. fem. n.
Orrella
named in honour of Matthew Young Orr, the botanist who first described the leaf glands of
Dioscorea sansibarensis
(syn.
macroura
) (Young Orr, 1923).

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Alcaligenaceae / Orrella

Cells are nonmotile, non‐spore‐forming coccobacilli (0.9–1.1 µm). Gram‐negative. Strictly respiratory with oxygen or nitrate as terminal electron acceptor. The optimal temperature for growth is 15–30°C, feeble at 40°C; no growth at 42°C. Optimal growth occurs between pH 7 and 9; no growth at pH 6 or less. Broth cultures form aggregates in stationary phase, and static broth cultures form a thick, brittle pellicle near the surface. Colonies on agar medium are low convex, nonpigmented, smooth, shiny, and mostly regular in shape, raised with a wrinkled surface upon extended incubation for more than 72 h. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐positive. A narrow range of substrates are oxidized, mostly organic acids, for example, malate, succinate, fumarate, citrate, and oxaloacetate and also
l
‐glutamate and
l
‐proline;
d
‐galactonate and
d
‐gluconate are oxidized by some strains. Strict endophytes found in the leaf glands of the tropical yam
Dioscorea sansibarensis
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 67.1–67.6 (calculated from draft genome sequences).

Type species
:
Orrella dioscoreae
Carlier, Cnockaert, Fehr, Vandamme and Eberl 2019, 6
VP
(Effective publication: Carlier, Cnockaert, Fehr, Vandamme and Eberl 2017, 19).
Field‐in‐field breast planning for a jawless, double‐stack MLC LINAC using flattening‐filter‐free beams
Authors: Morris Robert , Laugeman Eric , Hilliard Jessica , Zoberi Imran , Heerman Ana , Hugo Geoffrey , Mutic Sasa , Cai Bin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study intends to develop an efficient field‐in‐field (FiF) planning technique with the Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) to determine the feasibility of using the Halcyon treatment delivery system for 3D treatment of breast cancer.MethodsTen treatment plans were prepared on the Halcyon treatment planning system and compared to the same patients’ clinically delivered TrueBeam plans which used flattened 6 MV and 10 MV beams. Patients selected for this study were treated via simple, tangential breast irradiation and did not receive radiotherapy of the supraclavicular or internal mammary lymph nodes. Planning target volumes (PTV) volumes ranged from 519 cc to 1211 cc with a mean target volume of 877 cc. Several planning techniques involving collimator, gantry rotation, and number of FiF segments were investigated as well as the use of the dynamically flattened beam (DFB) — a predefined MLC pattern that is designed to provide a flattened beam profile at 10 cm depth on a standard water phantom. For comparison, the clinically delivered TrueBeam plans remained unaltered except for normalization of the target coverage to more readily compare the two treatment delivery techniques.ResultsUsing the physician defined PTV, normalized such that 98% of the volume was covered by 95% of the prescribed dose, the Halcyon plans were deemed clinically acceptable and comparable to the TrueBeam plans by the radiation oncologist. Resulting average global maximum doses in the test patients were identical between the TrueBeam and Halcyon plans (108% of Rx) and a mean PTV dose of 102.5% vs 101.6%, respectively.ConclusionsFrom this study a practical and efficient planning method for delivering 3D conformal breast radiotherapy using the Halcyon linear accelerator has been developed. When normalized to the clinically desired coverage, hot spots were maintained to acceptable levels and overall plan quality was comparable to plans delivered on conventional C‐arm LINACs.
Graphene‐Based Devices for Thermal Energy Conversion and Utilization
Authors: Li Yu‐Tao , Tian Ye , Sun Meng‐Xing , Tu Tao , Ju Zhen‐Yi , Gou Guang‐Yang , Zhao Yun‐Fei , Yan Zhao‐Yi , Wu Fan , Xie Dan , Tian He , Yang Yi , Ren Tian‐Ling 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThermal energy conversion and utilization of integrated circuits is a very important research topic. Graphene is a new 2D material with superior electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties, which is expected to continue Moore's law and make breakthroughs in the direction of “More than Moore.” Graphene‐based functionalized devices are applied in various aspects, including breakthroughs in thermal devices, due to their high thermal conductivity and thermal rectification. According to the coupling of different physical quantities, graphene‐based thermal devices can be divided into four categories: uncoupled thermal devices, thermoacoustic coupling devices, thermoelectric coupling devices, and thermo‐optical coupling devices. The structure, working mechanism, and performance of these devices are discussed, as well as the coupling methods of physical quantities. Moreover, scale‐up production of graphene and prospect for future graphene‐based thermal devices are summarized. In‐depth study of the development tendency of these graphene‐based thermal devices is expected to contribute to the development of new high‐performance thermal nanoelectronic devices in the future.
Conductive Hierarchical Hairy Fibers for Highly Sensitive, Stretchable, and Water‐Resistant Multimodal Gesture‐Distinguishable Sensor, VR Applications
Authors: Choi Seunghoon , Yoon Kukro , Lee Sanggeun , Lee Heon Joon , Lee Jaehong , Kim Da Wan , Kim Min‐Seok , Lee Taeyoon , Pang Changhyun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConductive fibers, which are highly adaptable to the morphologies of the human body, are attractive for the development of wearable systems, smart clothing, and textronics to detect various biological signals and human motions. A fiber‐based conductive sensor interconnected with hierarchical microhairy architectures, exhibiting remarkable stretchability (<200%) and sensitivity for various stimuli (pressure, stretching, and bending), is developed. For distinguishability of multiple gestures, two hierarchical hairy conductive fibers are twisted to fabricate a fiber‐type sensor, which monitors distinct waveforms of electrical signals retrieved from pressure, stretching, and bending. This sensor is highly robust under repeated appliances of external stimuli over multiple cyclic tests of various modes (<2200 cycles for each stimulus). Upon formation of a self‐assembled monolayer, it exhibits stable performance even under wet conditions. For practical applications, this sensor can be weaved into a smart glove to demonstrate a pressure and gesture‐discernible wearable controller for virtual reality (VR) interface, shedding light on advances in wearable electronics with medical and healthcare functionalities and VR systems.
Interfacial Residual Stress Relaxation in Perovskite Solar Cells with Improved Stability
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhu Cheng , Liu Lang , Ma Sai , Liu Pengfei , Wu Jiafeng , Shi Congbo , Du Qin , Hao Yanmin , Xiang Sisi , Chen Haining , Chen Pengwan , Bai Yang , Zhou Huanping , Li Yujing , Chen Qi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo improve the photovoltaic performance (both efficiency and stability) in hybrid organic–inorganic halide perovskite solar cells, perovskite lattice distortion is investigated with regards to residual stress (and strain) in the polycrystalline thin films. It is revealed that residual stress is concentrated at the surface of the as‐prepared film, and an efficient method is further developed to release this interfacial stress by A site cation alloying. This results in lattice reconstruction at the surface of polycrystalline thin films, which in turn results in low elastic modulus. Thus, a “bone‐joint” configuration is constructed within the interface between the absorber and the carrier transport layer, which improves device performance substantially. The resultant photovoltaic devices exhibit an efficiency of 21.48% with good humidity stability and improved resistance against thermal cycling.
LiBr‐Promoted Photoredox Minisci‐Type Alkylations of Quinolines with Ethers
Authors: Wang Zhongzhen , Ji Xiaochen , Han Tonghao , Deng Guo‐Jun , Huang Huawen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA visible‐light‐mediated photoredox Minisci‐type alkylation with ethers as the alkylating reagent is reported. User‐friendly LiBr has been found to be the key promoter for this radical coupling. The reaction exhibits broad functional group tolerance for both C2 and C4 couplings/alkylations of quinolines. Mechanistic studies suggest that the bromide additive could not only dramatically enhance the reaction but also alter the reaction mechanism probably over a reductive catalytic cycle.magnified image