bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders among residents of south Gondar zone, northwest Ethiopia: A community-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Legas Getasew , Mehretie Getnet , Asnakew Sintayehu , Belete Amsalu , Shumet Shegaye 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms are a public health concern. It has physical health, psychological and economic consequences. These illness is an emerging issue in Ethiopia.Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among residents of south Gondar zone 2018.Methods: In this cross-sectional study,731 respondents were recruited for interrviews using a systematic random sampling technique.The self reporting questionnaire was used to assess common mental disorders. List of Threatening Experiences, and the Oslo social support instruments were used to assess the factors. We computed bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions to assess factors associated with common mental disorders. Statistical significance was declared at P-value <0.05.Result: A total of 731 participants were interviewed, with a response rate of 98.5%. The prevalence of common mental disorders was 29.7% with (95% CI: 26.4-33.1).In the multivariate logistic regression,female sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)= 2.47, 95% CI : 1.68, 3.62),poor social support( AOR =2.34, 95% CI:1.50, 3.64), family history of mental illness(AOR =2.15, 95% CI:1.32-3.51), current use of khat(AOR =1.69, 95% CI: 1 .07, 2.64) and tobacco(AOR=1.71, 95% CI:1.04-2.84), and rural residence(AOR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.35, 3.01) were factors significantly associated with CMDs.Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of common mental disorders was found to be high. Female sex, current substance use (khat chewing (leaves) and tobacco smoking), unemployment, rural residence, family history mental illness, and poor social support were significantly associated with common mental disorder. Therefore; It is necessary to give emphasis to individuals with family history of mental illness, women, and history of mental illness.
The Use Of The Hungarian Test Your Memory (Tym-Hun), Mmse And Adas-Cog Tests For Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment (Mci) In A Hungarian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Garbóczy Szabolcs , Magócs Éva , Szőllősi Gergő , Harsányi Szilvia , Anikó Égerházi , Kolozsvári László 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a growing disease process with aging. If we could recognize the disease at an early stage and increase the number of years spent in a better condition through preventive and treatment measures, we could reduce the pressure both directly on families and indirectly on society. There is a need for testing methods that are easy to perform even in general practitioner’s office, inexpensive and non-invasive, which could help early recognition of mental decline. We have selected Test Your Memory (TYM), which has proven to be reliable for detecting AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in several countries. Our study was designed to test the usability of the TYM-HUN comparing with the ADAS-Cog (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale) in MCI recognition in the Hungarian population. METHODS TYM test was translated and validated into Hungarian (TYM-HUN). The TYM-HUN test was used in conjunction with and compared with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the ADAS-Cog. For our study, 50 subjects were selected, 25 MCI patients and 25 healthy controls. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog with TYM-HUN. RESULTS MCI can be distinguished from AD and normal aging using ADAS-Cog and MMSE is a useful tool to detect dementia. We established a 'cut-off' point of TYM-HUN (44/45points) where optimal sensitivity and specificity values were obtained to screen MCI. The total TYM-HUN scores significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (ρ=0.626; p<0.001) and ADAS-Cog scores (ρ=-0.723; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the Hungarian version of TYM (TYM-HUN) is an easy, fast, self-administered questionnaire with the right low threshold regarding MCI and can be used for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.
Defining pain and interference recovery trajectories after acute non-catastrophic musculoskeletal trauma through Growth Mixture Modeling
Authors: Lee Joshua , Walton David M. , Tremblay Paul , May Curtis , Millard Wanda , Elliott James M. , MacDermid Joy C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Recovery trajectories support early identification of delayed recovery and can inform personalized management or phenotyping of risk profiles in patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the trajectories in pain severity and functional interference following non-catastrophic musculoskeletal (MSK) trauma in an international, mixed injury sample. Methods A prospective longitudinal cohort of n= 241 was formed from patients identified within 4 weeks of trauma, from attendance at emergency or urgent care centres located in London, ON, Canada, or Chicago, IL, USA. Pain interference was measured via the Brief Pain Inventory (London cohort) or the Neck Disability Index (Chicago cohort). Pain severity was captured in both cohorts using the numeric pain rating scale. Growth mixture modeling and RM ANOVA approaches identified distinct trajectories of recovery within pain interference and pain severity data. Results For pain interference, the 3 trajectories were labeled accordingly: Class 1 = Rapid recovery (lowest intercept, full or near full recovery by 3 months, 32.0% of the sample); Class 2 = Delayed recovery (higher intercept, recovery by 12 months, 26.7% of the sample); Class 3 = Minimal or no recovery (higher intercept, persistently high interference scores at 12 months, 41.3% of the sample). For pain severity, the 2 trajectories were labeled: Class 1 = Rapid recovery (lower intercept, recovery by 3 months, 81.3% of the sample); and Class 2 = Minimal or no recovery (higher intercept, flat curve, 18.7% of the sample). The “Minimal or No Recovery” trajectory could be predicted by female sex and axial (vs. peripheral) region of trauma with 74.3% accuracy across the 3 classes for the % Interference outcome. For the Pain Severity outcome, only region (axial trauma, 81.3% accuracy) predicted the “Minimal or No Recovery” trajectory. Conclusions These results suggest that 3 meaningful recovery trajectories can be identified in an international, mixed-injury sample when pain interference is the outcome, and 2 recovery trajectories emerge when pain severity is the outcome. Females in the sample or people who suffered axial injuries (head, neck, or low back) were more likely to be classed in poor outcome trajectories.
Muscle Wasting Aggravates Rheumatoid Arthritis in Elderly Patients as a Mediator
Authors: Ma Jian-Da , Chen Chu-Tao , Lin Jian-Zi , Li Qian-Hua , Chen Le-Feng , Xu Yan-Hui , Yang Ze-Hong , Zheng Dong-Hui , Dai Lie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Aging leads to loss of muscle mass causing functional limitation and reduced quality of life. Myopenia is a new universal term for the presence of clinically relevant muscle wasting. However, little is known about the prevalence of myopenia in elderly rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and its influence on RA pathogenesis and disease characteristics. We aimed to explore the characteristics of muscle mass and distribution and their clinical significance. Methods: Consecutive RA patients were recruited and clinical data including disease activity (DAS28-CRP), physical function (health assessment questionnaire disability index, HAQ-DI) and radiographic indicators (modified Sharp score) were collected. The muscle mass and distribution were assessed by bioelectric impedance analysis. Myopenia was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) ≤7.0kg/m2 (men) and ≤5.7kg/m2 (women). Results: Among 643 RA patients recruited, there were 165 (25.7%) elderly patients (age≥60 years) with mean age 65.1±4.5 years. Compared with young patients (age<60 years), elderly RA patients had significantly higher DAS28-CRP (median 3.4 vs. 3.2), HAQ-DI (0.38 vs. 0.13) and modified total Sharp score (mTSS, 16 vs. 9), as well as higher proportion of myopenia (54.5% vs. 41.4%, all P<0.01). Elderly RA patients with myopenia (n=90, 14.0%) had significantly higher DAS28-CRP (3.6 vs. 3.0), HAQ-DI (0.50 vs. 0.12) and mTSS (21 vs. 7) than those in young RA patients without myopenia (n=280, 43.5%), and had higher mTSS (21 vs. 10) than those in elderly RA patients without myopenia (n=75, 11.7%, all P<0.0083). Multiple linear regression analysis after adjustment showed that both age (10 years as a unit, β=0.065~0.108) and ASMI (β= -0.369~ -0.220, all P<0.05) were correlated with DAS28-CRP, HAQ-DI and mTSS. Mediation analysis after adjustment showed that age had total and direct effects on DAS28-CRP, HAQ-DI or mTSS. ASMI partially mediated the associations between age and DAS28-CRP, HAQ-DI or mTSS (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Our data firstly reveal that half of elderly RA patients manifest myopenia which aggravates the whole disease including disease activity, physical dysfunction and joint destruction as a mediator of age. Myopenia, a neglected complication in elderly RA should be emphasized.
Yield Prediction By Machine Learning From Uas-Based Multi-Sensor Data Fusion In Soybean﻿
Authors: Herrero-Huerta Monica , Rodriguez-Gonzalvez Pablo , Rainey Katy M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Nowadays, automated phenotyping of plants is essential for precise and cost-effective improvement in the efficiency of crop genetics. In recent years, machine learning (ML) techniques have shown great success in classification and modelling of crop parameters. In this research, we consider the capability of ML to perform grain yield prediction in soybeans by combining data coming from different optical sensors via RF (Random Forest) and XGBoost (eXtreme Gradient Boosting). During the 2018 growing season, a soybean experiment was performed at the Agronomy Center for Research and Education (ACRE) in West Lafayette (Indiana, USA). Images were acquired by the Parrot Sequoia Multispectral Sensor and the S.O.D.A. compact digital camera on board senseFly eBee UAS (Unnamed Aircraft System) solution at different dates. Next, a standard photogrammetric pipeline is carried out by SfM (Structure from Motion). Multispectral imagery serves to analyse the spectral response of the soybean end-member in 2D. In addition, RGB images are used to reconstruct the study area in 3D, evaluating the physiological growth dynamics per plot via height variations and crop volume estimations. As ground truth, destructive grain yield measurements were taken at the end of the growing season. Results Algorithms and feature extraction techniques were combined to develop a regression model to predict final yield from imagery, achieving an accuracy of over 90.72% by RF and 91.36% by XGBoost. Conclusions Results provide practical information for the selection of phenotypes for breeding coming from UAS data as a decision support tool, affording constant operational improvement and proactive management for high spatial precision.
SETD1A augments sorafenib primary resistance via activating YAP in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: wu jugang , Li Feng , Xia Yan , Chai Hongjuan , Gu Yan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Sorafenib, the approved first-line chemotherapy drug for HCC, remains the key treatment agent which can effectively improve the survival rate of advanced HCC patients. However, the sorafenib primary resistance limits the application of sorafenib for HCC treatment. The aims of current study are to explore the role and mechanism of SETD1A (Histone Lysine Methyltransferase SET Domain Containing 1A) in sorafenib primary resistance. Methods: The expression of SETD1A in HCC was analyzed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis. The survival of HCC patients was analyzed by KM plotter: Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Western Blot and Real-time qPCR were performed to measure the protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Cell counting kit-8 assay and colony formation assay were performed to determine cell viability and proliferation. Propidium Iodide and Trypan Blue staining assays were performed to investigate cell death. Results: Here, we showed that the expression of SETD1A was markedly upregulated in both HCC cell lines and tumor tissues compared to normal hepatocytes and corresponding non-tumor liver tissues, respectively. The patients who had higher level of SETD1A underwent lower survival rate of overall and sorafenib treated HCC patients, respectively. In addition, SETD1A expression was positively correlated with the IC 50 of sorafenib treated HCC cell lines. Furthermore, we indicated that knockdown of SETD1 augmented proliferation inhibition and cell death induced by sorafenib. SETD1A deficiency impaired YAP phosphorylation and activation. Conclusions: Taken together, the current study demonstrated that STED1A enhanced YAP activation to induce sorafenib primary resistance in HCC.
Evaluating blood-brain barrier permeability in a rat model of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ferris Craig , Qiao Ju , Lawson Christopher M , Rentrup Kilian FG , Kulkarni Praveen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This is an exploratory study using a novel imaging modality, quantitative ultrashort time-to-echo, contrast enhanced (QUTE-CE) magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the permeability of the blood brain barrier in a rat model of type 2 diabetes with the presumption that small vessel disease is a contributing factor to neuropathology in diabetes. Methods The BBZDR/Wor rat, a model of type 2 diabetes, and age-matched controls were studied for changes in blood brain barrier permeability. QUTE-CE, a quantitative vascular biomarker, generated angiographic images with over 500,000 voxels that were registered to a 3D MRI rat brain atlas providing site-specific information on blood-brain barrier permeability in 173 different brain areas. Results In this model of diabetes, without the support of insulin treatment, there was global capillary pathology with over 84% of the brain showing a significant increase in blood brain barrier permeability over wild-type controls. Areas of the cerebellum and midbrain dopaminergic system were not significantly affected.Conclusion Small vessel disease as assessed by permeability in the blood brain barrier in type 2 diabetes is pervasive and includes much of the brain. The increase in blood-brain barrier permeability is a likely contributing factor to diabetic encephalopathy and dementia.
β-Arrestins1 inhibit autophagy induced by hypoxic injury in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells via Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Ning Hongjuan , Deng Jingyu , Kong Delei , Chen Feng , Liu Yongfei , Shan Lina , Zhang Zheng , Hu Taohong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background To investigate the potential effects of β-Arrestins1 on autophagy and apoptosis in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (hPAECs) under hypoxic stress. Methods The hPAECs were exposed to normoxic condition and hypoxic injury for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively. Then, to explore effects of autophagy on hPAECs with hypoxia, cells were administrated with 3-MA (an inhibitor autophagy). β-Arrestins1 was regulated to explore its effects on autophagy and apoptosis of hPAECs. Transwell cell migration assay and scratch assay were performed to detect the migration by light microscope. Then, CCK-8 assay was used to investigate the proliferation of hPAECs. Meanwhile, TUNEL assay served as apoptosis in hPAECs. In addition, Western blotting assay applied to evaluate protein expressions. Results Hypoxia contributed to hyperproliferation, migration apoptosis resistance of hPAECs. Meanwhile, autophagy was increased in hypoxic hPAECs. Excessive proliferation、migration and apoptosis resistance of hPAECs were reversed after inhibition of autophagy. Then, the β-Arrestins1 and VEGFR3 expression levels were decreased in hypoxic conditions. Moreover, the activity of Akt/mTOR signal pathway was restrained after hypoxic injury. At last, β-Arrestins1+/+ repressed the increased autophagy and apoptosis resistance of hPAECs under hypoxia. Conclusions Our study indicated that β-Arrestins1 mediated VEGFR3 reduced excessive autophagy and apoptosis resistance via Akt/mTOR pathway of hPAECs under hypoxia. It may provide a promising therapeutic target for pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH).
Differential responsiveness to BRAF inhibitors of melanoma cell lines BRAF V600E-mutated
Authors: Hashmi Muna Al , Konduru Seetharama S , Silcock Lee , Chouchane Lotfi , Mattei Valentina , James Nicola , Mathew Rebecca , Bedognetti Davide , De Giorgi Valeria , Murtas Daniela , Liu Wei , Chouchane Aouatef , Temanni Ramzi , Seliger Barbara , Wang Ena , Marincola Francesco M. , Tomei Sara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Most mutations in melanoma affect one critical amino acid on BRAF gene, resulting in the V600E substitution. Patient management is often based on the use of specific inhibitors targeting this mutation.
DNA and RNA mutation status were assessed in 15 melanoma cell lines by Sanger sequencing and RNA-seq. We tested the cell lines responsiveness to BRAF inhibitors (vemurafenib and PLX4720, BRAF-specific and sorafenib, BRAF non -specific). Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT colorimetric assay. BRAF V600E RNA expression was assessed by qPCR.
Three cell lines were discordant in the mutation detection (BRAF V600E at DNA level/Sanger sequencing and BRAF WT on RNA-seq). We initially postulated that those cell lines may express only the WT allele at the RNA level although mutated at the DNA level. A more careful analysis showed that they express low level of BRAF RNA and the expression may be in favor of the WT allele.
We tested whether the discordant cell lines responded differently to BRAF-specific inhibitors. Their proliferation rate decreased after treatment with vemurafenib and PLX4720 but was not affected by sorafenib, suggesting a BRAF V600E biological behavior. Yet, responsiveness to the BRAF specific inhibitors was lower as compared to the control.
The results obtained were also confirmed in three additional commercial cell lines.
Cell lines carrying V600E mutations at the DNA level may respond differently to BRAF targeted treatment potentially due to a lower V600E RNA expression.
Exploring the concept and structure of obstetric triage: A qualitative content analysis
Authors: Moudi Asieh , Iravani Mina - , Najafian Mahin , Zareiyan Armin , Forouzan Arash , Mirghafourvand Mojgan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Obstetric triage is a new idea, so the design and implementation of it requires identification of its concept and structure. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the concept and structure of the obstetric triage in Iran. Methods: The purposive sampling was done and it continued until reaching the theoretical saturation. Thirty-seven semi-structured interviews were conducted individually and face-to-face. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: Two themes, 8 main categories, and 16 subcategories emerged from the content analysis of the interviews and observations. The themes were the concept and structure of obstetric triage. The concept of obstetric triage consisted of three categories of nature, process, and philosophy of obstetric triage. The structure of obstetric triage included five categories of assessment criteria, emergency grading, determining the appropriate location for patient guidance, initiation of diagnostic and therapeutic measures, and timeframe for initial assessment and reassessment. Conclusion: Findings highlighted that obstetric triage is a process with a dual and dynamic nature. This process involves clinical decision making to prioritize the pregnant mother and her fetus based on the severity and acuity of the disease in order to allocate medical resources and care for providing appropriate treatment at the right time and place to the right patient. The results of this study could be used for the design and implementation of the obstetric triage system.
Early essential newborn care is associated with increased breastfeeding: a quasi-experiment study from Sichuan Province of western China
Authors: Wang Chenran , Li Xiayun , Zhang Lin , Wu Linman , Tan Ling , Yuan Fei , Guo Yao , Williams Sarah , Xu Tao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is critical to promote maternal and child health in a short and long term. China has set national targets to further improve the exclusive breastfeeding rate. We aimed to examine associations between the provision of Early Essential Newborn Care (EENC) and breastfeeding outcomes among full-term vaginally delivered neonates in the first six months of life.Methods: We conducted a quasi-experiment study in eight maternal and children’s hospitals in Mianyang City and Deyang City in Sichuan Province of western China. Four hospitals were randomly selected as the intervention group with the implementation of EENC while others as the control group receiving routine care. We assessed effects of EENC on breastfeeding initiation time, duration of first-time breastfeeding, and exclusive breastfeeding rates up to six months of age. Data in both groups were collected after delivery, at hospital discharge, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post birth in the baseline phase and post-EENC phase. Written consent was obtained from eligible mothers enrolled in this study. We performed univariate analyses to ascertain differences between the two groups, and difference in difference (DID) models to explore the net effects.Results: Of the 1349 enrolled mother and newborn pairs in our study, 1131 were followed up at 1 month of age, 1075 at 3 months, and 981 at 6 months. EENC was associated with earlier median time to initiate breastfeeding (25min vs. 33min, P<0.01), an increased chance of successful first-time breastfeeding (OR=5.534; 95% CI: 2.687-11.399), longer duration of skin to skin contact (SSC) (21.529 min; 95% CI: 18.171-24.887) and longer duration of the first breastfeed (4.157 min; 95% CI: 2.098-6.217), and an increased likelihood of being exclusively breastfed at discharge (74.5% vs. 55.0%, P<0.001), 3 months (OR=3.197; 95% CI: 1.008-10.144), and 6 months (OR=4.913; 95% CI: 1.709-14.130) of age.Conclusions: EENC enhances early and successful breastfeeding initiation, prolongs duration of the first breastfeed, and increases the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at six months of age. Our evidence suggests that nation wide scale up of EENC would increase the exclusive breastfeeding rate in the first six months of life.