bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between dental caries and hormonal, biochemical parameters in children with early childhood caries
Authors: Aras Ahmet , Doğan Mehmet Sinan 
Published: June 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between dental caries and hormonal, biochemical parameters in pediatric patients with early childhood caries (ECC).
Methodology: This study was conducted on fifty pediatric patients who presented with complaints of pain and caries and underwent dental treatment under general anaesthesia. In this study, the hormonal, biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST, ALT, GGT, CRP, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Glucose, Iron, TSH, FT3 and FT4) which were routinely taken from patients before general anaesthesia and the number of decayed, extracted and filled teeth (DMFT) obtained as a result of clinical and radiographic examination were evaluated statistically in patients aged 2-6 years. Statistical analysis was performed using Independent Samples T-Test and Spearman correlation coefficient at a 0.05% significance level.
Results: According to the data obtained, DMFT average of fifty children (male: 35; female: 15) included in the study was found to be 8.26. The mean DMFT was 7.93 in females and 8.40 in males. No statistical relationship was found between DMFT and gender in statistical analysis. (p>0.05). Uric acid and GGT values, which are among the hormonal and biochemical parameters, were found to be outside the normal range in 61.22% of the patients. However, statistical analysis revealed that there was no significant relationship between DMFT and hormonal, biochemical parameters. (p>0.05).
Conclusions: In this study, it was concluded that dental caries did not cause a significant change in hormonal and biochemical blood parameters in pediatric patients with ECC.

How to cite this article: Aras A, Doğan MS. Correlation between dental caries and hormonal, biochemical parameters in children with early childhood caries. Int Dent Res 2020;10(1):1-5. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no1.1

Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
Public Provocation to Commit a Terrorist Offence: Balancing between the Liberties and the Security
Authors: Ramešová Kristina 
Published: June 2020

Modern terrorism is global and decentralized like cyberspace. While the Darknet is mostly used by terrorists for fundraising campaigns and illicit trading, publicly accessible social platforms such as Twitter, Facebook or YouTube are abused for terrorist propaganda. Combating terrorism remains one of the top priorities of the European union (hereinafter as “the EU”). The approach towards the online content possibly connected to terrorist propaganda has become stricter.This paper focuses on the development of the EU legislation on the offence related to terrorist activities: the public provocation to commit a terrorist offence, as well as on the obligations of hosting service providers. It also analyses the impact of the Directive (EU) 2017/541 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 March 2017 on combating terrorism and replacing Council Framework Decision 2002/475/JHA and amending Council Decision 2005/671/JHA. The article observes a changing attitude on private monitoring of online information in the development of the EU legislation. It analyses changes in the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on preventing the dissemination of terrorist content online. These changes signify a shift in the perception of the necessary level of freedom to receive and impart information through the internet.
Solar System as it really is and Curating as/in Common/s
Authors: Tyzlik Carver Magda 
Published: June 2020

In this proposition of curating in/as common/s I am interested in a particular relation between curating and commons. I claim that there is a link between curating and ‘commoning’, that is the activity and process that produces the commons, and that this link is based in practice. It lays in the fact that the two employ forms of organisation, a particular kind of arrangement of social and aesthetic relations, space, time, forms of behaviour, customs, and ways in which these are governed and controlled, in other words the way in which they are held in common. When we say that something is curated the understanding is that we are dealing with a collection assembled and displayed accord- ing to a curatorial vision and under curator’s direction. Regardless if we are dealing with an übercurator with total control over exhibition, or if the curator’s role is instrumental in delivering the museum’s mission, or if indeed collaborative forms of curating or co-curating are engaged in process of curatorial production, a curator can be considered an apparatus of power, a dispositif in a Foucauldian sense. A different form of organisation is in- voked, however, when we refer to commons which are understood as a self-organised community shaping, managing and utilising resources through ‘community control’.
Using Aipotu simulation to promote evolution learning and teaching
Authors: Katsaros Nikolaos A. , Stasinakis Panagiotis K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this article, we present the simulation software called Aipotu and we propose a way to use it in order to promote Evolution Learning and Teaching. Through activities, included in a worksheet, students gradually gain new knowledge not only on evolution and its genetic base but on the concept of simulation and scientific modeling as well. Aipotu is offered free of charge through a web page, so that it can be used at any time and place.
Fatal autonomic failure due to premanifesting Parkinson's disease only diagnosed at autopsy
Authors: Bodi Istvan , Hagen Ellen Merete , Ingle Gordon Thorpe , Lunn Michael P 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA 46‐year‐old male had 11‐year history of cryptic autonomic dysfunction. He developed a fatal autonomic failure with diffuse hypoxic brain injury. Histology examination of medulla oblongata and the celiac ganglion revealed many α‐synuclein immunoreactive Lewy bodies confirming the diagnosis of premanifesting Parkinson's disease (PD). PNS involvement in PD is underappreciated.
Effect of Active Site Poisoning on Iron−Nitrogen−Carbon Platinum‐Group‐Metal‐Free Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts Operating in Neutral Media: A Rotating Disk Electrode Study
Authors: Ficca Valerio C. A. , Santoro Carlo , D'Epifanio Alessandra , Licoccia Silvia , Serov Alexey , Atanassov Plamen , Mecheri Barbara 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlatinum‐group‐metal‐free (PGM‐free) catalysts are the most promising materials to substitute expensive platinum catalysts for efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), particularly for microbial fuel cells. For these devices, contamination due to wastewater is one of the major issues, owing to the presence of various poisoning anions. The known nitrite contamination effect over PGM‐free catalysts was studied by using the rotating disk electrode (RDE) technique in neutral media to understand its patterns. The results were then compared to other contaminants commonly found in wastewater such as chloride (Cl−), perchlorate (ClO4−), and nitrate (NO3−) in the concentration range of 0.05–50 mM. Onset potential (Eonset), half‐wave potential (E1/2), limiting disk current density (Jlim) and Tafel slope variations were the parameters exploited to identify specific or nonspecific adsorbed contaminants. Chloride and nitrate had no negative effect on ORR performance, whereas perchlorate slightly reduced the catalyst function with no permanent issues. Durability tests (1000 cycles) were also performed to ensure the stability of the catalyst for the relatively long time.
A well‐balanced positivity‐preserving central‐upwind scheme for one‐dimensional blood flow models
Authors: Hernandez‐Duenas Gerardo , Ramirez‐Santiago Guillermo 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this work, we consider a hyperbolic one‐dimensional (1D) model for blood flow through compliant axisymmetric tilted vessels. The pressure is a function of the cross‐sectional area and other model parameters. Important features of the model are inherited at the discrete level by the numerical scheme. For instance, the existence of steady states may provide important information about the flow properties at low computational cost. Here, we characterize a large class of smooth equilibrium solutions by means of quantities that remain invariant. At the discrete level, the well‐balanced property in the numerical scheme leads to accurate results when steady states are perturbed. On the other hand, the model is equipped with an entropy function and an entropy inequality that can help us choose the physically relevant weak solutions. A large class of semidiscrete entropy‐satisfying numerical schemes is described. In addition, preservation of positivity for the cross‐sectional area is achieved. Numerical results show the scheme is robust, stable, and accurate. The ultimate goal of this article is the numerical application to cases that are more relevant from the medical viewpoint. In particular, a numerical simulation of cardiac cycles with appropriate parameters shows that increasing the rigidity of the artery walls delays the formation of shock waves. Gravity effects are also measured in tilted vessels, and a simulation using an idealized aorta model was conducted.
Integration of a low‐cost electronic nose and a voltammetric electronic tongue for red wines identification
Authors: Han Fangkai , Zhang Dongjing , Aheto Joshua H. , Feng Fan , Duan Tengfei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this present study was to develop a rapid and effective approach for identification of red wines that differ in geographical origins, brands, and grape varieties, a multi‐sensor fusion technology based on a novel cost‐effective electronic nose (E‐nose) and a voltammetric electronic tongue (E‐tongue) was proposed. The E‐nose sensors was created using porphyrins or metalloporphyrins, pH indicators and Nile red printed on a C2 reverse phase silica gel plate. The voltammetric E‐Tongue with six metallic working electrodes, namely platinum, gold, palladium, tungsten, titanium, and silver was employed to sense the taste of red wines. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized for dimensionality reduction and decorrelation of the raw sensors datasets. The fusion models derived from extreme learning machine (ELM) were built with PCA scores of E‐nose and tongue as the inputs. Results showed superior performance (100% recognition rate) using combination of odor and taste sensors than individual artificial systems. The results suggested that fusion of the novel cost‐effective E‐nose created and voltammetric E‐tongue coupled with ELM has a powerful potential in rapid quality evaluation of red wine.
Numerical investigation of low Prandtl number effect on mixed convection in a horizontal channel by the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Sahraoui Nassim M. , Houat Samir , El‐Ganaoui Mohammed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to numerically investigate the Prandtl number effect on mixed convection in a horizontal channel heated from below using the thermal lattice Boltzmann method (TLBM). The double‐population model with two different lattices is used, in particular, the D2Q9 for the velocity field and D2Q5 for the thermal field. The developed lattice Boltzmann method code to simulate the fluid flow and heat transfer in the channel was validated with available literature results based on classical numerical methods, especially the finite volume method for Pr = 6.4 and the finite difference method for Pr = 0.667. The results obtained with the TLBM have shown good agreement with the conventional methods cited. The dynamic and thermal characteristics of the fluid flow were examined in the field of low Prandtl number, such that 0.05 ≤ Pr ≤ 0.667, and also compared to Pr = 6.4; for Ra = 2420 and 7400, the Reynolds number was fixed at 1. The results showed that the influence is relatively significant for the dynamic structure of flow convection for Pr ≤ 0.3 and is little influential beyond this value.
Nonlinear rotating viscoelastic liquid convection with temperature modulation
Authors: Gopal Jayalatha , Narasimhamurthy Suma 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, heat transport in thermal convection of rotating viscoelastic liquids heated from below with temperature modulation is analyzed. The study is performed using Fourier series with a minimal representation. The constitutive relationship of the Oldroyd liquid B model is taken into consideration. The resulting Khayat–Lorenz model in the generalized form is solved using the numerical technique of Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg 45 with the adaptive grid method, and this solution is used to quantify the heat transport. The combined effect of the temperature modulation and Coriolis force on the thermal convection is investigated for various values of the amplitude of modulation and Taylor number. It is shown that the temperature modulation and Coriolis force lead to the enhancement of heat transport. As particular cases, the results of three liquids, namely Maxwell, Newtonian, and Rivlin–Ericksen, are obtained in the current study, which are found to have a good agreement with the available results.
Energy and mass transport of micropolar nanofluid flow over an inclined surface with Keller‐Box simulation
Authors: Rafique Khuram , Anwar Muhammad Imran , Misiran Masnita , Asjad Muhammad Imran 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this article, micropolar nanofluid boundary layer flow over a slanted stretching surface with Soret and Dufour effect is studied. The inclined stretching surface in this study is considered permeable and linear. In this problem, the Buongiorno model is considered for thermal efficiencies of fluid flow in the existence of Brownian movement and thermophoresis properties. The nonlinear problem for Micropolar Nanofluid flow over the slanted channel is developed to think about the heat and mass exchange phenomenon by incorporating portent flow factors to strengthened boundary layers. In this study, nonlinear partial differential equations are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by utilizing appropriate similarity transformations then elucidated the numerical outcomes by the Keller‐Box technique. An examination of the set‐up results is performed with accessible outcomes and perceived in a good settlement without involved impacts. Numerical and graphical outcomes are additionally displayed in tables and charts.
Adomian decomposition method for the MHD flow of a viscous fluid with the influence of dissipative heat energy
Authors: Acharya S. , Nayak B. , Mishra S. R. , Jena S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn investigation is carried out on the effect of dissipative heat energy on the flow of an electrically conducting viscous fluid past a shrinking sheet. Both viscous and Joule dissipation effects are considered along with heat generation/absorption for the enhancement of heat transfer properties. The governing nonlinear coupled partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations by a suitable choice of similarity transformations. However, the complex transformed equations are solved by an approximate analytical method known as the Adomian decomposition method with a suitable initial guess solution assumed from the known initial conditions. Moreover, the behavior of several parameters characterizing the flow phenomena are studied via graphs and the numerical computations for the engineering coefficients are obtained and presented through tables. However, the major outcomes of the results are that a higher suction is required to resist the fluid temperature and sinks as well as the dissipative heat energy favors enhancing the fluid temperature at all points in the flow domain.
Prenatal sonography of extracorporeal ductus venosus in association with large fetal gastroschisis
Authors: Sherer David M. , O'Brien Joselle , Zayat Nawras , Zigalo Aleksandra , Dalloul Mudar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLiver herniation commonly associated with omphalocele occurs in only approximately 2.3% to 16% of fetuses with gastroschisis. Liver herniation in such cases is associated with considerably decreased survival rates (43% vs 97% with or without liver herniation, respectively). Rarely, abnormally positioned fetal hepatic vasculature has been reported mainly in association with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. In these rare cases, intrathoracic depiction of hepatic venous vasculature has assisted in confirming intrathoracic displacement of the fetal liver. We present a case of a large gastroschisis with complete herniation of the fetal liver in which prenatal sonography depicted an extracorporeal ductus venosus.
Global Research Alliance N2O chamber methodology guidelines: Flux calculations
Authors: Venterea Rodney T. , Petersen Søren O. , de Klein Cecile A. M. , Pedersen Asger R. , Noble Alasdair D. L. , Rees Robert M. , Gamble Joshua D. , Parkin Timothy B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA critical step in determining soil‐to‐atmosphere nitrous oxide (N2O) exchange using non‐steady‐state chambers is converting collected gas concentration versus time data to flux values using a flux calculation (FC) scheme. It is well documented that different FC schemes can produce different flux estimates for a given set of data. Available schemes differ in their theoretical basis, computational requirements, and performance in terms of both accuracy and precision. Nonlinear schemes tend to increase accuracy compared with linear regression but can also decrease precision. The chamber bias correction method can be used if soil physical data are available, but this introduces additional sources of error. Here, the essential theoretical and practical aspects of the most commonly used FC schemes are described as a basis for their selection and use. A gold standard approach for application and selection of FC schemes is presented, as well as alternative approaches based on availability of soil physical property data and intensity of sample collection during each chamber deployment. Additional criteria for scheme selection are provided in the form of an error analysis tool that quantifies performance with respect to both accuracy and precision based on chamber dimensions and sampling duration, soil properties, and analytical measurement precision. Example error analyses are presented for hypothetical conditions illustrating how such analysis can be used to guide FC scheme selection, estimate bias, and inform design of chambers and sampling regimes.
Long non‐coding RNA SNHG17 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells by regulating the miR‐23b‐3p/ZHX1 axis
Authors: Ge Bei‐Hai , Li Guo‐Cheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 17 (SNHG17) is a carcinogenic lncRNA in diverse cancers. The expression pattern and mechanisms of SNHG17 in glioma still await verification.MethodsPaired glioma samples were enrolled. SNHG17, miR‐23b‐3p, and zinc‐fingers and homeoboxes 1 (ZHX1) mRNA expression were examined by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). SNHG17 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and miR‐23b‐3p mimics were transfected into LN229 and U251 cell lines to repress SNHG17 and up‐regulate miR‐23b‐3p expression, respectively. Proliferation, migration and invasion of LN229 and U251 cells were probed by a cell counting kit‐8 assay and a Transwell assay. Bioinformatics prediction, dual‐luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, qRT‐PCR and western blotting were applied to determine the regulatory relationships among SNHG17, miR‐23b‐3p and ZHX1.ResultsSNHG17 expression was markedly raised in glioma tissues, which was positively correlated with ZHX1 expression and negatively associated with the expression of miR‐23b‐3p. After transfection of SNHG17 shRNAs into glioma cells, the proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells was markedly restrained. miR‐23b‐3p mimics the function of SHNG17 knockdown. Furthermore, miR‐23b‐3p was shown to be negatively modulated by SNHG17, and ZHX1 was identified as a target of miR‐23b‐3p.ConclusionsSNHG17 is a “competing endogenous RNA” with respect to modulating ZHX1 expression by adsorbing miR‐23b‐3p and thereby promoting glioma progression.
Epidemiological features of immunoglobulin G4‐related sclerosing cholangitis in Japan
Authors: Tanaka Atsushi , Mori Mitsuru , Kubota Kensuke , Naitoh Itaru , Nakazawa Takahiro , Takikawa Hajime , Unno Michiaki , Kamisawa Terumi , Kawa Shigeyuki , Okazaki Kazuichi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground/PurposeEpidemiological data on immunoglobulin G4‐related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4‐SC) are scarce.MethodWe randomly selected healthcare facilities from a list of all facilities in Japan. The selection rate was determined according to a stratification based on the facility characteristics and scale. We sent questionnaires to the selected facilities enquiring about the number and sex of patients with IgG4‐SC in 2018. Among responding facilities, we further inquired about the clinical characteristics of the patients with IgG4‐SC.ResultsWe selected 1180 departments from health centers across Japan. Of them, 532 (45.1%) responded to the questionnaires. The number of reported patients with IgG4‐SC was 1045, and the estimated point prevalence was 2.18 (95% confidence interval, 2.13‐2.23) per 100 000 population. In addition, we enrolled 1096 patients with IgG4‐SC, combining data from previously and newly registered patients. Male patients comprised 79.5% of the population and patients aged 60–80 years had the highest risk for developing the disease. The follow‐up period was 5.1 ± 4.0 years and the 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival rates were 95.3% and 89.0%, respectively.ConclusionsThe point prevalence of IgG4‐SC was 2.18 per 100 000 population. The epidemiological features were similar to those observed in previous studies.