bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterointerfaced Ni-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Toward Water Oxidation in Alkaline Medium
Authors: Jeong Wooseok , Hong Yun-Kun , Ha Don-Hyung 
Published: December 2024

Hydrogen is an attractive energy carrier with high energy density and without harmless burning products, leading to magnificent efforts to build the hydrogen production system. Accordingly, water electrolysis is one of the promising strategies to generate hydrogen without carbon emission, requiring highly active catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to its sluggish reaction kinetics than hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To reduce overpotential and increase economic feasibility, Ni and Fe based catalysts have extensively studied due to their high OER activity as well as excellent stability in alkaline media. Many studies have controlled the morphological characteristics and electronic structures of Ni-Fe based OER catalysts to enhancing electrocatalytic performances. Particularly, interface formation is considered as one of the most significant aspects to design and obtain the desirable anode material.
In this study, we synthesized colloidal Ni-Fe intermediate nanoparticles (NFI NPs) with various molar ratios between Ni and Fe. Unique physical mixture phase of NFI NPs was identified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM EDS), displaying that their morphological characteristics as well as crystalline phases depending on the composition of Ni and Fe. Through washing processes, the Fe2O3 NPs were mainly aggregated around the metallic Ni NPs, meaning a formation of multiple contacts between Ni metal and Fe2O3 NPs. Subsequent annealing step turned the simple contacts to Ni-Fe2O3 heterointerfaces. Electrochemical performances were examined, revealing significantly lower OER overpotential (199 mV) at 10 mA cm-2 (75:25 sample) than that of the previous Ni-Fe catalysts. Among the products of various Ni and Fe ratio (from 100:0 to 0:100, molar ratio of metal precursors), the 75:25 sample presented the highest OER activity than the other samples. In addition, the 75:25 sample exhibited long-term durability under alkaline OER operation for 5 days, confirmed through chronopotentiometry analysis at 10 mA cm-2. We speculated that this outstanding OER performance of 75:25 sample was due to the electronic structure modulation through Ni-Fe2O3 heterointerfaces. The sample was further investigated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to confirm the chemical states of catalyst surface. XPS results confirmed that oxyhydroxides were well formed on the metallic Ni sites than NiO, meaning that the Ni-Fe2O3 was more efficient catalyst than the NiO-Fe2O3. This work revealed that colloidally synthesized 75:25 sample having Ni-Fe2O3 heterointerfaces showed the highest OER performance among the samples we prepared. Furthermore, these results provide the insights to design the OER catalyst possessing heterointerfaces without precious metals.
(Invited) Overcoming the Air, Cycle, and Thermal Instability Challenges of High-Nickel Cathodes
Authors: Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: December 2024

The push to increase the driving range and lower the cost has prompted to increase the nickel content in layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. However, as the nickel content increases, the cathodes encounter air, cycle, and thermal instabilities. These instabilities arise from the high surface reactivity of Ni3+ and Ni4+. The reactivity of Ni3+ with ambient air results in the formation of lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate on the surface, termed as residual lithium, which not only degrades the cathode performance but also causes clogging during electrode fabrication. The high surface reactivity of Ni4+ with the electrolyte in the charged state results in a reduction of Ni4+ to Ni2+ on the surface, loss of oxygen, formation of resistive rock-salt phases, formation of cracks, loss of active lithium, Ni dissolution and migration to the anode, and consequent capacity fade during extended cycling. The reactivity also leads to thermal instability, gas evolution, and safety concerns. The surface reactivity depends both on the surface characteristics of high-Ni cathodes and the electrolyte.
Doping of the cathode with various ions is generally pursued to overcome these challenges. The doping generally improves air and thermal instabilities, but there is no clear understanding of which dopant does what. This presentation will focus on a systematic investigation of doping LiNiO2 with various dopants, such as Co, Mn, Al, Mg, Ti, Nb etc. to identify the role of each dopant. The effect of dopants on air and thermal stabilities and gas release in the charge state will be presented. The reaction mechanisms involved and the nature of phases formed on cathode surface with various dopants in contact with air will be presented. This will help to design cathodes with appropriate dopants that have specific functions. In addition, a systematic investigation of various electrolyte compositions on the cycle stability and gas release will be presented. Also, the fundamental understanding developed with the use of advanced analytical techniques, such as in-situ XRD, SEM, XPS, and TOF-SIMS will be discussed. It will be demonstrated that the cycle instability and gas release can be overcome to a large extent by developing cathodes with a robust surface structure as well as by employing electrolytes with less reactivity with the cathode surface.
(Invited) New Class of Halide-Based Na-Ion Conducting Solids and a Critical Role of the Anion Framework
Authors: Ohno Saneyuki , Huang Zheng 
Published: December 2024

All-solid-state sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries are promising candidates for the post-lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries owing to their improved safety and earth abundance, enabled by less- to non-flammable solid electrolytes (SEs). Extensive research efforts have been devoted to the development and exploration of new and better-performing ion conducting solids for decades, and numerous solid electrolytes, particularly sulfides, and oxides, have been discovered.
Ion-conducting halides are an emerging class of materials for solid electrolytes that may satisfy all requirements with their balanced ionic conductivity (> 1 mS cm–1 at room temperature), oxidation stability (~ 4 V), and room temperature processability. Ion-conducting halides first stepped into the spotlight in 2018 with the report of mechanochemically synthesized Li3YX
6 (X = Cl, Br). Up to date, a wide variety of Li-ion conducting halides have been reported, e.g., Li3
M
3+
X
6 (M
3+ = In, Sc, Ti, Y, Ho, Er, Yb and X = Cl, Br, I), Li2
M
4+
X
6 (M
4+ = Zr, Hf and X = Cl, Br, I), LiM
5+Cl4O (M
5+ = Nb, Ta) and LaCl3-based Li-ion conductor. Many exhibits room-temperature ionic conductivity higher than 1 mS cm–1 and demonstrated stable cycling with the state-of-the-art cathode active materials operating > 4 V.
Despite the success in Li-ion conducting halides, only a few Na-ion conducting halides have been found to date, e.g., Na3
M
3+Cl6 (M
3+ = Y, Er, In), Na2ZrCl6 and NaAlCl4, and their reported room-temperature ionic conductivity are mostly less than 0.1 mS cm–1. With the less polarizing nature of Na ions, Na-ion conducting SEs tend to possess higher ionic conductivity than their Li-analogues, and indeed, higher ionic conductivity is generally reported in Na-ion conducting oxides and sulfides than those in Li-ion conducting counterparts. Inspired by the fact that the known Na-ion conducting halide-based SEs exhibit much inferior ionic conductivity to the Li-analogues, here we explore the new Na-ion conducting halides, NaM
5+Cl6 (M
5+ = Nb, Ta), achieving 0.1 mS cm-1 at 30 °C. This high ionic conductivity is attributed to the beneficial inductive effect and improved migration entropy and is one of the highest among the crystalline monoanionic Na-ion conducting halides.

Figure 1
Interfacial Electrochemistry and Mechanics of Carbon Interlayers for Anode-Free Solid-State Batteries
Authors: Liao Daniel W. , Mulla Muzamil , Kawakami Hiroki , Aotani Koichiro , Thouless M.D. , Dasgupta Neil P. 
Published: December 2024

Solid-state batteries provide a promising alternative to Li-ion batteries with improved energy density, safety, and manufacturability. However, anode-free cell configurations still suffer from multiple shortcomings, including 1) nonuniform Li deposition and dissolution, 2) continual formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), and 3) limited rate capability. Recent efforts have investigated the integration of a carbon/silver composite interlayer to address the aforementioned challenges [1]; however, complete understanding of the mechanisms of this improved performance is not fully understood. The type of carbon, metal alloy, and lithiation effects of these components have been investigated [2,3], particularly, the electrochemical characteristics, but the mechanical properties of these interlayers have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, in this study we explore the interfacial mechanics at an amorphous carbon interlayer and argyrodite solid electrolyte interface on in situ Li metal formation.
The carbon interlayer and solid electrolyte interfacial adhesion were modified to investigate the corresponding influence on Li metal deposition. Peel tests are performed to quantify the interlayer adhesion under various processing conditions. Li metal was observed to preferentially deposit at regions with the lowest energy penalty for nucleation and growth. By intentionally tuning the carbon/solid electrolyte interface, the growth of Li metal can be promoted at different interfaces. Operando video microscopy and post-mortem focused ion-beam/scanning electron microscopy were utilized to confirm the Li deposition behavior. This work demonstrates that Li deposition in the presence of a carbon interlayer can be systematically modified by tuning the interfacial mechanics. The outcomes of this study will further our understanding of the processing conditions and underlying mechanics during in situ Li metal formation to enable high efficacy interlayers in solid-state batteries.
[1] Y.G. Lee, S. Fujiki, C. Jung, N. Suzuki, N. Yashiro, R. Omoda, D. S. Ko, T. Shiratsuchi, T. Sugimoto, S. Ryu, J. H. Ku, T. Watanabe, Y. Park, Y. Aihara, D. Im, I. T. Han, Nature Energy.
5, 299-308 (2020)
[2] D.W. Liao, T.H. Cho, S. Sarna, M.K. Jangid, H. Kawakami, T. Kotaka, K. Aotani, N.P. Dasupta, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 12, 5990-6003 (2024)
[3] N. Suzuki, N. Yashiro, S. Fujiki, R. Omoda, T. Shiratsuchi, T. Watanabe, Y. Aihara, Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research, 2, 2100066 (2021)
The Effect of Preinduction Cervical Ripening With Synthetic Hygroscopic Dilators on Maternal Outcomes of Women With Previous Caesarean Pregnancy: A Single‐Group Clinical Trial
Authors: Dorairajan Gowri , Ravi Saranya , Chinnakili Palanivel 
Published: December 2024

Background: Preinduction cervical ripening in previous caesarean pregnancy is limited to intracervical Foley catheter. This study is aimed at finding the vaginal birth rates, improvement of Bishop score, and safety of osmotic dilator (Dilapan‐S) among women with previous caesarean pregnancy.Methods: We conducted this single‐group clinical study after the approval of the institute ethics committee, clinical trial registration, and obtaining informed consent. We recruited women above 18 years with a prior caesarean section at term and a Bishop score of less than 6 by systematic random sampling prospectively. The first or second author inserted two to a maximum of five osmotic dilators (Dilapan‐S) in the cervical canal. After 24 h, we removed Dilapan and induced labour with a low‐dose oxytocin regimen up to a maximum dose of 24 mIU/min. We assessed the improvement of the Bishop score and vaginal birth rates for efficacy and safety concerns like bleeding, fragmentation, displacement, infections, and scar dehiscence.Results: Eighty‐two women completed the study. The Bishop score significantly improved from a mean of 2.6 before to 5.3 after Dilapan. Three opted for a caesarean section after Dilapan removal and refused oxytocin infusion. Seventy‐nine women completed the trial of labour. Forty‐one (52%) achieved active labour (52%). Twenty‐seven delivered vaginally, and 52 required emergency caesarean section (34% vaginal birth rate; 18 spontaneous, nine instrumental, four with forceps, and five with vacuum). None had entrapment, fragmentation, or upward displacement of Dilapan. Two women had scar dehiscence, and one had a traumatic postpartum haemorrhage. There was no maternal or perinatal mortality.Conclusions: We conclude that the hygroscopic dilator Dilapan effectively ripens the cervix before labour induction in women with a previous caesarean scar. They are safe, but more extensive studies are needed to evaluate scar‐related complications during labour.Trial Registration: Clinical Trial Registry of India: CTRI/2019/03/017927
Carbon monoxide poisoning: a clinical case report
Authors: Baksevice Deimante , Mankute-Use Aida , Bernotaite-Morkune Austeja , Zelbiene Egle 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a serious yet frequently overlooked condition with diverse and nonspecific clinical presentations. The analysis of Lithuanian statistics reveals fluctuations in patient admissions and consultations through the poisoning center over a four-year period, with notable variations in fatality rates. Despite these trends, CO poisoning remains a significant public health concern due to its potential for severe long-term sequelae or death.

Case
This case report focuses on two distinct presentations of CO poisoning in a young couple, illustrating the varied manifestations and outcomes of this toxic exposure. The first case describes a 23-year-old male presenting with altered consciousness and neurological symptoms, while the second case involves a 21-year-old pregnant female presenting with cardiovascular symptoms, including Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Discussion
Highlights include the challenges in diagnosing CO poisoning; factors influencing the severity and symptoms of CO poisoning; potential complications; and considerations for hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) in severe cases and pregnancy.

Conclusion
These cases illustrate the importance of recognizing CO poisoning, advocating for oxygen therapy as the first-line treatment, and calling for further research to improve understanding, treatment, and prevention of this potentially fatal condition.
Genome-wide analysis and identification of nuclear factor Y gene family in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)
Authors: Hussain Hadia , Fatima Noor , Sajid Muhammad , Mehar Iqra , Noor Maryam , Attia Kotb A. , Hafez Yaser M. , Abdelaal Khaled , Shah Tawaf Ali 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNF-Y is a class of heterotrimeric transcription factor composed of three subunits; NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC. This complex binds to the CCAAT box found in eukaryotic promoters and is involved in the plant development and proliferation at various stages. Although many studies were conducted on NF-Y gene family in various species, but no study has been reported yet in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). In this study, 47 PvNF-Y genes (17 PvNF-YA, 18 PvNF-YB, and 12 PvNF-YC) have been identified and named according to their subfamily. Chromosome location analysis revealed that all 47 PvNF-Y genes are randomly distributed across nine chromosomes. Moreover, multiple sequence alignment showed the DNA-binding domain and NF-YA/NFYB interacting domains flanking with non-conserved domains. In addition, prediction of functional similarities among PvNF-Ys genes phylogenetic tree was constructed corresponding to Arabidopsis. The gene structure, conserved domains and motifs analysis of PvNF-Ys genes demonstrated their specificity and functional conservation. Cis-regulatory elements analysis identified numerous key CREs that are significantly associated with light, hormone, stress and plant development responses. Expression profiling indicated higher expression levels of many PvNF-YA genes during drought and heat stress. Additionally, qRT-PCR analysis showed that some PvNF-Ys genes have high expression level in root. In conclusion, the findings of this study could provide a foundation for further cloning and functional analysis of NF-Y genes in switchgrass.
Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene, methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on physicochemical properties and wooliness of nectarine fruit during cold storage
Authors: Sen Fatih , Yilmaz Enes , Ozturk Burhan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Owing to its high perishability, the market life of nectarine fruit is very short. Cold storage is a principal approach to limit post-harvest quality loss in nectarines. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of postharvest methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA) and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on quality properties of nectarine fruit, specifically weight loss, firmness, phenolics and antioxidant activity, following cold storage and subsequent shelf life. Fruit immersed in water were considered as control. The fruit were stored at 0 ± 0.5 °C and 90 ± 5% RH for 56 d, then kept at 20 ± 0.5 °C and 70 ± 5% RH for 2 d in shelf life.

Results
The results demonstrated that single or combined treatments of MeJA, SA and 1-MCP were effective on quality characteristics. During cold storage, fruit treated with MeJA + 1-MCP (3.66%) and SA + 1-MCP (3.54%) exhibited lower weight loss than the control (4.08%). In the final two measurements of storage, the flesh firmness of fruit treated with SA + 1-MCP (54.5 and 54.06 N, respectively) was higher than that of the control. At the end of cold storage, the SA + 1-MCP treatment (17.4%) exhibited higher soluble solids than the control (15.37%) and SA (15.20%) treatments. However, the total phenolics content was found to be higher in nectarine fruit treated with single SA than in the control, as well as in fruit treated with SA + 1-MCP and single 1-MCP. Wooliness in fruit treated with 1-MCP, SA and MeJA was found to be lower than in the control, while fruit had higher acceptance.

Conclusions
As a result, the SA + 1-MCP and MeJA + 1-MCP treatments were more efficacious in retarding the weight and firmness decline of nectarine fruit during storage. Also, it was revealed that 1-MCP, SA and MeJA could be employed as efficacious instruments in nectarine fruit with respect to wooliness and acceptance, which influence consumer preferences.
A physiotherapist-led biopsychosocial education and exercise programme for patients with chronic low back pain in Ghana: a mixed-methods feasibility study
Authors: Ampiah Paapa Kwesi , Hendrick Paul , Moffatt Fiona , Ampiah Josephine Ahenkorah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal condition which causes substantial disability globally. The biopsychosocial model of management has been recommended in national and international guidelines for the management of patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, biopsychosocial approaches are predominantly delivered in high income countries (HICs), although the prevalence of LBP is substantially higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) especially in Africa (39%; 95% CI 30–47). Understanding the effectiveness of BPS interventions in LMICs especially in Africa is underexplored, with substantial inequity between research from HICs and LMICs. Ghana is a LMIC where the effectiveness of biopsychosocial interventions has been underexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of delivering a physiotherapist-led BPS programme for the management of patients with CLBP in Ghana.

Methods
This was a mixed-methods, sequential, pretest-posttest feasibility study. Participants involved thirty patients with CLBP. The biopsychosocial intervention involved an exercise and patient education programme based on principles of cognitive behavioural strategies with emphasis on self-management. The biopsychosocial intervention was delivered for six weeks for each participant. Feasibility outcomes regarding management and processes were captured pre-intervention, post-intervention, and three-months post intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted post-intervention to explore participants’ experiences with the biopsychosocial intervention. Patients’ demographics were collected at baseline. Patient reported outcome measures such as intensity of pain, disability, pain catastrophising, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and general quality of life, were collected pre-intervention, post-intervention and at three-months follow-up. Qualitative analysis explored participants’ experiences regarding the acceptability of the biopsychosocial intervention.

Results
The results of this feasibility study demonstrated that the training programme was acceptable to physiotherapists. Recruitment rate (5 patient participants per week − 100% recruitment met), retention rate post-intervention (90%), data completion rate post-intervention (99.8%) and intervention fidelity (83.1%), all met feasibility thresholds. There were no adverse events. Qualitative data also demonstrated that the biopsychosocial intervention was acceptable to participants.

Conclusion
This study has established the potential to deliver a biopsychosocial intervention programme in a Ghanaian hospital setting. This biopsychosocial intervention therefore shows promise, and the result of the study provides a platform to develop future clinical studies.
Stress, psychosocial resources and possible interventions: a qualitative study among dental students
Authors: Guthardt Lisa , Niedworok Clara , Muth Thomas , Loerbroks Adrian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Prior studies found that dental students are affected by various stressors during their studies. Those stressors can exert adverse effects on their (mental) health. Our study addresses the lack of qualitative data on students’ perspectives by exploring perceived stressors and resources among dental students and interventions suggested by them. The results of our study can contribute to the development of better preventive measures and interventions.

Methods
In total, 57 dental students enrolled at a dental school in Germany participated in seven focus groups in the summer semester 2019 (May to July). Discussions were facilitated using a topic guide, and data collection was conducted until thematic saturation. All discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed and content-analyzed using MAXQDA.

Results
Key emerging stressors were related to the organization of the study program, a lack of digitalization, practical tasks, the examination system, the work/study environment and social interactions. Resources encompassed, e.g., good organization, practical courses, patient work and valued feedback. Interventions suggested by students included regular meetings to enhance collaboration, improved communication between staff and students, a central coordination unit, fixed evaluation criteria and the integration of physical exercises and physiotherapy in the study program to prevent neck and back pain.

Conclusions
Known stressors for dental students and new aspects (e.g., concurring exams or obligatory brands) emerged from our data. Interventions suggested by the students included the use of digital learning platforms, communication training or the improvement of evaluation processes. Additional research, e.g., to explore perspectives of teaching staff and other stakeholders is necessary to gain more insights into study conditions and ways to reduce stress among dental students.