bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved air gap permeance model to characterise the transient behaviour of electrical machines using magnetic equivalent circuit method
Authors: Lannoo Jonas , Vanoost Dries , Peuteman Joan , Debruyne Stijn , De Gersem Herbert , Pissoort Davy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTransient analysis of electrical machines with mixed eccentricity requires dedicated, fast and accurate solvers. This article proposes an improved air gap permeance expression which (a) is physically interpretable and (b) can be easily derived based on the rotor position. This expression is very suitable for inclusion in a solver based on the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) method. This allows to for example, calculate the torque and forces when vibrations act on the rotor. The results of the MEC solver agree very well with those obtained with a finite element method (FEM) solver, but are obtained with a fraction of the simulation time of the FEM solver.
The value of 21st century work–family supports: Review and cross‐level path forward
Authors: Masterson Courtney , Sugiyama Keimei , Ladge Jamie 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe adoption of work–family supports (WFSs), defined as discretionary and formal organizational policies, services, and benefits aimed at reducing employees' work–family conflict and/or supporting their family roles outside of the workplace, has become a growing trend in contemporary organizational life. Yet, despite their widespread popularity and vast scholarship investigating their effects, questions remain as to the value (i.e., positive effects or benefits) they provide to organizations and their stakeholders. In this review, we carefully examine and critique current research that explores the value of WFSs conducted within different academic disciplines, across global research contexts, and using a variety of methodological approaches. We pay particular attention to understanding the different ways and conditions under which employees and organizations can benefit from WFSs, and we highlight the potential paths (i.e., why and when) through which value can be experienced. In conducting this comprehensive review, we also discuss the critical theoretical and empirical limitations associated with extant studies. Lastly, we offer a path forward and agenda to explore new and novel directions for future research, including work and family relationships and cross‐level investigations of WFSs that integrate individual, interpersonal, and organizational perspectives.
Creative Actions Scale: A Spanish Scale of Creativity in Different Domains
Authors: Elisondo Romina Cecilia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article introduces the Creative Actions Scale (CAS), a Spanish self‐report assessment of individual differences in creative actions. The CAS consists of independent scales that assess the frequency of engagement in everyday creative actions across seven domains: Literature, Plastic Arts and Crafts, Science and Technology, Scenic Arts, Music, Social Participation, and Everyday Creativity. The sample included 1604 men and women who lived in different provinces in Argentina. The participants’ ages ranged from 18 to 94 years. All of the participants spoke Spanish and had an average socioeconomic level. People with different levels of education were included in the sample. We applied the following data collection instruments: CAS, Biographical Inventory of Creative Behaviors, and Domains of Creativity Scale. The analysis provided evidence of internal consistency and validity of the CAS. The confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit of the seven‐domain model. The results also showed significant differences according to gender in some CAS domains. Inclusion of the Social Participation and Everyday Creativity domains is novel and useful for assessing creativity in the Spanish‐speaking population.
Efficient multiquality super‐resolution using a deep convolutional neural network for an FPGA implementation
Authors: Kim Min Beom , Lee Sanglyn , Kim Ilho , Hong Hee Jung , Kim Chang Gone , Yoon Soo Young 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe propose an efficient deep convolutional neural network for a super‐resolution which is capable of multiple‐quality input, by analyzing the input quality and choosing appropriate features automatically. To implement the network in an FPGA and an ASIC, we employ a network trimming technique to compress the neural network.
Evaluation of Parotid Salivary Gland Echo Texture by Ultrasound Examinations and Correlation With Whole‐Body Scintigraphy After Radioiodine Therapy in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Simões Lima Graziele Aparecida , López Rossana Verónica Mendoza , de Freitas Ricardo Miguel Costa , Willegaignon Jose , Sapienza Marcelo Tatit , Chammas Maria Christina , Coura‐Filho George Barberio 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the echo texture of the parotid salivary glands before and after radioiodine therapy (RIT) using ultrasound (US) images in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and to evaluate the correlations between post‐RIT whole‐body scintigraphy (WBS) images and US image patterns in salivary and cervical areas.MethodsA retrospective study was performed with data on demographic and clinical information, US examinations, and WBS images collected through medical recordings.ResultsComparing the US features before and after RIT, significant echo texture heterogeneity was found in 31.3% of all patients evaluated. When evaluated according to the level of iodine 131 (I‐131) radioactivity (<5.6, 5.6–<9.3, and ≥9.3 GBq), echo texture heterogeneity was significantly associated with the 5.6‐GBq I‐131 radioactivity group (P < .001). No association was found for any level of I‐131 post‐RIT WBS uptake intensity and changes in US feature patterns.ConclusionsUltrasound may be a useful tool for evaluating chronic sialadenitis after RIT, and the I‐131 uptake intensity using a routine post‐RIT WBS is not associated with US echo texture changes.
MiR‐370 accelerated cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury via targeting SIRT6 and regulating Nrf2/ARE signal pathway
Authors: Ruan Zhong‐Fan , Xie Ming , Gui Shu‐Jia , Lan Fang , Wan Juan , Li Yan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCerebral ischemia reperfusion (CIR) is one of the highly lethal diseases in the world. MicroRNA‐370 (miR‐370) exerts multiple functions in different diseases. However, further research is needed to investigate the potential role of miR‐370 in CIR injury. The in vivo middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model and in vitro oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) SH‐SY5Y cell model were successfully established to mimic CIR injury. The infarct sizes of brain tissues from rats were evaluated. The relationship between miR‐370 and silencing information regulatory protein 6 (SIRT6) was confirmed by luciferase activity assay. The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by CCK‐8 assay and terminal‐deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling staining. In this study, miR‐370 was upregulated in brain tissues of MCAO rats and knockdown of miR‐370 decreased cerebral infarction volume of MCAO rats and it alleviated CIR injury in vivo. The in vitro experiments indicated that knockdown of miR‐370 promoted cell viability and alleviated OGD/R‐induced SH‐SY5Y cell apoptosis. Additionally, the TargetScan predicted that SIRT6 was a target of miR‐370 and confirmed by luciferase activity assay. Moreover, miR‐370 inhibited SIRT6 expression and regulated Nrf2/ARE signal pathway, whereas overexpression of SIRT6 partly reversed the effect of miR‐370 on OGD/R‐induced SH‐SY5Y cell injury. Thus, we could conclude that miR‐370 accelerated CIR injury via targeting SIRT6 and regulating Nrf2/ARE signal pathway, which might provide novel therapeutic targets for CIR injury treatment.
Multipurpose Degradable Physical Adhesive Based on Poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene Carbonate)
Authors: Fuoco Tiziana , Almas Ria Afifah , Finne‐Wistrand Anna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSolutions of amorphous poly(d,l‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate)s (PDLTMCs) in ethyl acetate work as solvent‐based physical adhesives through diffusion mechanisms for a variety of aliphatic polyester‐based adherents. The random PDLTMCs with a trimethylene carbonate content of 11, 16, and 20 mol% are synthesized in bulk, achieving high molecular weight, Mn, up to 128 kg mol−1 and dispersity around 1.7. The PDLTMCs are amorphous and have a glass transition temperature in the range 34.7 to 43.6 °C and in agreement with the theoretical values calculated using the Fox equation. The mechanical and surface properties of the PDLTMCs are tested preparing solvent cast films, which are soft and tough and, although they have a higher contact angle than the parent homopolymer, they show higher water uptake capacity. The potential application as adhesives of the synthesized PDLTMCs is evaluated by preparing a 20 wt% solution in ethyl acetate and testing them by adhering films with different compositions as well as constructs having different geometries and surface roughness. The results demonstrate that the adhesion strength is higher on adherent films having similar chemical compositions as the adhesives and on surfaces having similar compositions to each other but different roughness. The similar chemical nature of the adhesive and adherent probably favors the diffusion mechanism through which adhesion takes place.
Impact of gradient imperfections on bone water quantification with UTE MRI
Authors: Zhao Xia , Lee Hyunyeol , Song Hee Kwon , Cheng Cheng‐Chieh , Wehrli Felix W. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe impact of gradient imperfections on UTE images and UTE image‐derived bone water quantification was investigated at 3 T field strength.MethodsThe effects of simple gradient time delays and eddy currents on UTE images, as well as the effects of gradient error corrections, were studied with simulation and phantom experiments. The k‐space trajectory was mapped with a 2D sequence with phase encoding on both spatial axes by measuring the phase of the signal in small time increments during ramp‐up of the read gradient. In vivo 3D UTE images were reconstructed with and without gradient error compensation to determine the bias in bone water quantification. Finally, imaging was performed on 2 equally configured Siemens TIM Trio systems (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) to investigate the impact of such gradient imperfections on inter‐scanner measurement bias.ResultsCompared to values derived from UTE images with full gradient error compensation, total bone water was found to deviate substantially with no (up to 17%) or partial (delay‐only) compensation (up to 10.8%). Bound water, obtained with inversion recovery‐prepared UTE, was somewhat less susceptible to gradient errors (up to 2.2% for both correction strategies). Inter‐scanner comparison indicated a statistically significant bias between measurements from the 2 MR systems for both total and bound water, which either vanished or was substantially reduced following gradient error correction.ConclusionGradient imperfections impose spatially dependent artifacts on UTE images, which compromise not only bone water quantification accuracy but also inter‐scanner measurement agreement if left uncompensated.
Limited antitumor activity of combined BET and MEK inhibition in neuroblastoma
Authors: Healy Jason R. , Hart Lori S. , Shazad Alexander L. , Gagliardi Maria E. , Tsang Matthew , Elias Jimmy , Ruden Jacob , Farrel Alvin , Rokita Jo Lynne , Li Yimei , Wyce Anastasia , Barbash Olena , Batra Vandana , Samanta Minu , Maris John M. , Schnepp Robert W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment of high‐risk neuroblastoma continues to present a formidable challenge to pediatric oncology. Previous studies have shown that Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) inhibitors can inhibit MYCN expression and suppress MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma in vivo. Furthermore, alterations within RAS‐MAPK (mitogen‐activated protein kinase) signaling play significant roles in neuroblastoma initiation, maintenance, and relapse, and mitogen‐activated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors demonstrate efficacy in subsets of neuroblastoma preclinical models. Finally, hyperactivation of RAS‐MAPK signaling has been shown to promote resistance to BET inhibitors. Therefore, we examined the antitumor efficacy of combined BET/MEK inhibition utilizing I‐BET726 or I‐BET762 and trametinib in high‐risk neuroblastoma.ProcedureUtilizing a panel of genomically annotated neuroblastoma cell line models, we investigated the in vitro effects of combined BET/MEK inhibition on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of combined inhibition in neuroblastoma xenograft models.ResultsCombined BET and MEK inhibition demonstrated synergistic effects on the growth and survival of a large panel of neuroblastoma cell lines through augmentation of apoptosis. A combination therapy slowed tumor growth in a non‐MYCN–amplified, NRAS‐mutated neuroblastoma xenograft model, but had no efficacy in an MYCN‐amplified model harboring a loss‐of‐function mutation in NF1.ConclusionsCombinatorial BET and MEK inhibition was synergistic in the vast majority of neuroblastoma cell lines in the in vitro setting but showed limited antitumor activity in vivo. Collectively, these data do not support clinical development of this combination in high‐risk neuroblastoma.
Authenticity and quality evaluation of different Rhodiola species and commercial products based on NMR‐spectroscopy and HPLC
Authors: Marchev Andrey S. , Koycheva Ivanka K. , Aneva Ina Y. , Georgiev Milen I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe main concern regarding the authenticity and quality of Rhodiola rosea L. (Sedum rosea (L.) Scop.) products is their adulteration with other Rhodiola species.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was the development of a reliable and practical analytical platform for quality and quantity assessment of the characteristic molecules in three Rhodiola species (R. rosea, R. kirilowii (Regel) Maxim and R. crenulata (Hook. f. & Thomson) H. Ohba), commercial products and their possible application as markers for the authentication of R. rosea based products.Material and MethodsThe major molecules were identified by one‐dimensional (1D) and two‐dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based metabolomics and quantitatively determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) analysis. The orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) revealed the specific patterns in the metabolite profiles of R. rosea and R. crenulata.ResultsThe coumarin crenulatin was only identified in R. crenulata and can be used as a marker to detect potential adulteration of the commercial products. Crenulatin was identified in two of the four analysed products by NMR‐spectroscopy. According to the HPLC data, in less than a quarter of all products, the labelled amounts of salidroside and total rosavins were confirmed.ConclusionsThe developed analytical platform was found to be useful in the investigations of the phytochemical diversity of different Rhodiola species, the recognition of the unique metabolites between them and the identification of adulterated products. Therefore, this approach could be applied from the earliest to the latest stages of the value chain in the manufacturing of R. rosea based products.
Size and Shape Effects of Near‐Infrared Light‐Activatable Cu2(OH)PO4 Nanostructures on Phototherapeutic Destruction of Drug‐Resistant Hypoxia Tumors
Authors: Nuthalapati Karthik , Vankayala Raviraj , Chiang Chi‐Shiun , Hwang Kuo Chu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDevelopment of simple, robust, and noninvasive therapeutic approaches to treat cancers and improve survival rates is a grand challenge in clinical biomedicine. In particular, the sizes and shape of the nanomaterials play a vital role in dictating their biodistribution and clearance pathways. It remains elusive how the size and shape of a nanomaterial affect its therapeutic efficacy in cancer diagnosis and treatments. To tackle the above problem, the effects of size and shape of Cu2(OH)PO4 nanostructures (nanosheets and quantum dots) on the photodynamic therapy (PDT) in destroying malignant drug‐resistant lung tumors and on combating the tumor hypoxia problem are investigated and compared. The photocatalytic mechanism of Cu2(OH)PO4 nanostructures mainly involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radical (·OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2). Under an oxygen deprivation condition, Cu2(OH)PO4 nanosheets still can generate OH radicals to kill cancer cells upon near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Overall, in vitro and in vivo experiments show that Cu2(OH)PO4 nanosheets can overcome tumor hypoxia problems and effectively mediate dual modal PDT and photothermal therapeutic (PTT) effects on destruction of NCI‐H23 lung tumors in mice using ultralow doses (350 mW cm−2) of NIR (915 nm) light.
Metabolic resistance to S‐metolachlor in two waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) populations from Illinois, USA
Authors: Strom Seth A , Hager Aaron G , Seiter Nicholas J , Davis Adam S , Riechers Dean E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNDTwo waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) populations from Illinois demonstrating multiple‐resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)‐, 4‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, and photosystem II (PSII)‐inhibiting herbicides (designated CHR and SIR) also displayed reduced sensitivity to very‐long‐chain fatty acid‐inhibiting herbicides, including S‐metolachlor. We hypothesized that a physiological mechanism, such as enhanced metabolism, could be responsible for the reduced efficacy of S‐metolachlor.RESULTSMetabolism experiments indicated that resistant populations degraded S‐metolachlor more rapidly than sensitive populations and equally as rapidly as corn 2–24 h after treatment (HAT). Resistant waterhemp and corn metabolized 90% (DT90) of absorbed S‐metolachlor in less than 3.2 h whereas DT90 values for sensitive waterhemp exceeded 6 h. The glutathione S‐transferase inhibitor 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzofurazon and cytochrome P450‐inhibitor malathion decreased the amount of S‐metolachlor metabolized in resistant waterhemp at 4 HAT but not in sensitive waterhemp or corn, and altered the abundance of certain metabolites in resistant waterhemp.CONCLUSIONResults from this research demonstrate that resistance to S‐metolachlor in these waterhemp populations is due to enhanced herbicide metabolism relative to sensitive populations. In addition, our results indicate that resistant waterhemp might utilize metabolic pathway(s) more intricate than either sensitive waterhemp or corn based on their metabolite profiles. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Characterization of Functional Properties of Biodegradable Films Based on Starches from Different Botanical Sources
Authors: Gómez‐Aldapa Carlos Alberto , Velazquez Gonzalo , Gutierrez Miguel C. , Castro‐Rosas Javier , Jiménez‐Regalado Enrique Javier , Aguirre‐Loredo Rocio Yaneli 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStarch is the main biopolymer used to develop biodegradable films and coatings, mainly due to its availability in nature and low cost. Therefore, it is important to determine the properties of starch‐based packaging materials, since the characteristics of each material may differ according to the botanical source. In this study, the functional properties of biodegradable films made from starch isolated from four botanical sources, corn, sorghum, potato, and achira are evaluated. The mechanical, water vapor barrier, morphological, thermal, and hydration properties are studied. Obtained films have a homogeneous appearance with no pores or cracks. The potato and achira films present some non‐gelatinized granules on their surface, however, they are the ones that present the highest mechanical properties, where the non‐gelatinized granules function as a reinforcing material for the polymer matrix. The red sorghum starch films present the best barrier for water vapor. The source of starch shows a significant effect on the tensile strength (TS) and percentage of elongation at breaking (%E). The solubility, swelling index, and water vapor adsorption capacity change significantly when comparing the four botanical sources, mainly because of the differences in the morphology of the resulting materials, amylose content and the size of the starch granule.
Comparison of wind‐induced dynamic property of super‐large cooling tower considering different four‐tower interferences
Authors: Wang Hao , Ke Shitang , Wang Tongguang , Ge Yaojun , Zhu Rongkuan 
Published: April 2020

SummaryDynamic amplification effects caused by tower‐group interference is the most critical causes of wind‐induced destructions of super‐large cooling tower (SLCT), and four‐tower combinations are the most common tower‐group combining form. However, the dynamic amplification effects of SLCT of different four‐tower arrangements have not been studied systematically so far. The highest (220 m) SLCT in the world was taken as the target to conduct SLCT wind pressure measurement under 320 wind tunnel test conditions. Firstly, the stability performance under the design wind loads was analyzed. Then, the dynamic time‐history analysis was carried out, and the distribution characteristics of peak factors and values of extreme response were discussed. Furthermore, with a new concept parameter “tower‐group wind vibration coefficient” for the wind‐resistance design of SLCT, the distribution laws of two‐dimensional (2D), one‐dimensional (1D), and global tower‐group wind vibration coefficient were revealed under different four‐tower interferences. On these bases, we recommend the design parameters for wind‐resistance study of SLCT and the priority of four‐tower combination forms. The study showed that the dynamic effects of SLCT under different four‐tower arrangements were significantly different from each other and the tower‐group wind vibration coefficients proposed in this paper can reflect the interference effects of tower‐group more efficient than traditional design method. The results may become a useful database for the wind‐resistance design of SLCT and provide clues for the optimization of four‐tower arrangements in power plants.
Exploiting the genome of Thinopyrum elongatum to expand the gene pool of hexaploid wheat
Authors: Baker Lauren , Grewal Surbhi , Yang Cai-yun , Hubbart-Edwards Stella , Scholefield Duncan , Ashling Stephen , Burridge Amanda J. , Przewieslik-Allen Alexandra M. , Wilkinson Paul A. , King Ian P. , King Julie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Key message
One hundred and thirty four introgressions from Thinopyrum elongatum have been transferred into a wheat background and were characterised using 263 SNP markers.

Abstract
Species within the genus Thinopyrum have been shown to carry genetic variation for a very wide range of traits including biotic and abiotic stresses and quality. Research has shown that one of the species within this genus, Th. elongatum, has a close relationship with the genomes of wheat making it a highly suitable candidate to expand the gene pool of wheat. Homoeologous recombination, in the absence of the Ph1 gene, has been exploited to transfer an estimated 134 introgressions from Th. elongatum into a hexaploid wheat background. The introgressions were detected and characterised using 263 single nucleotide polymorphism markers from a 35 K Axiom® Wheat-Relative Genotyping Array, spread across seven linkage groups and validated using genomic in situ hybridisation. The genetic map had a total length of 187.8 cM and the average chromosome length was 26.8 cM. Comparative analyses of the genetic map of Th. elongatum and the physical map of hexaploid wheat confirmed previous work that indicated good synteny at the macro-level, although Th. elongatum does not contain the 4A/5A/7B translocation found in wheat.