bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Price transmission of Arabica coffee (Coffea Arabica) between Sumatera Utara and major export destination countries in Asia and Australia
Authors: Darmi A , Rahmanta  , Ayu S F 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Increasing global coffee consumption is driving the increasing need for world coffee. Indonesia is a coffee producing country in the world where one of Indonesia’s coffee production is produced in Sumatera Utara Province. This research was conducted to analyse the pattern of price transmission between the Sumatera Utara coffee export market and the Japanese, Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, Australia markets and to analyse whether there is an effect of coffee prices on other exporters’ markets, importer’s markets, import volumes and Indonesian Rupiah exchange rates against the US Dollar in the formation of coffee export prices on the Sumatera Utara exporter market. Based on statistical analysis using the Asymmetric Error Correction Model and Error Correction Model, it is known that the transmission pattern of coffee prices occurs symmetrically in the long run, whereas in the short term the price transmission occurs asymmetries. The formation of coffee export prices in the Sumatera Utara market in the long run is influenced by import prices in the Japanese and Malaysian markets, and the volume of exports, while in the short term is influenced by import prices in the Australian, Japanese, Malaysian markets, export volumes, and exchange rates Indonesian Rupiah against US Dollar.
Spore dimensional characteristics of Peronosclerospora sp. from corn leaves informer of sugar cane plantation
Authors: Hasanuddin  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Corn and sugar cane are two types of plants that have the same host of the pathogen Peronosclerospora sp as cause of a seriously downy mildew disease. So that replacing sugar cane cultivation with corn plant is somewhat unfavourable. In Indonesia, downy mildew causes a yield loss of 50-100% on susceptible varieties. In this study, have been done a collection of spores from corn leaves infected with Peronosclerospora sp. from community corn cultivation who planted on PTPN2‘s former of-sugar cane field, namely Sei Mencirim Sunggal village and from corn plant who growth on community land non former of-sugar cane from Lau Bekri village, Pancur Batu village, and Tanjung Anom Deli Serdang village. The objective of this study was to find out the characteristics of the spores’ dimension of Peronosclerospora sp. which has infected corn leaves from different source area as mention above. The results computation of ratio length and width of the spore’s origin of Pancur Batu is 1.35 ± 0.19, Lau Bekri 1.24 ± 0.1, and Tanjung Anom 1.27 ± 0.14, these ratios shown that the dimensions of spores are subspherical, while the ratio spores origin from Sei Mencirim is 1.02 ± 0.05 or shown spherical dimension shape.
The supply elasticity for North Sumatera shallot in short and long-run
Authors: Pane T C , Supriana T 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Shallot is one of the horticultural commodities, which its instability can cause inflation. Government policies often pay more attention to reducing prices to prevent inflation, so that the consumers’ welfare finally increases, while producers’ welfare is still less accommodated by the policies. North Sumatera is one of the major shallot producing provinces in Indonesia, and it includes in the recommended areas for expanding shallot cultivation areas. This study analysed the factors affecting the supply of North Sumatera shallot and estimated its elasticity to the price in order to help formulating agricultural policies relating to the stabilization of the North Sumatera shallot supply. To estimate it, the Nerlove partial adjustment model, the autoregressive model, was analysed by multiple linear regression with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation technique. The results showed that the North Sumatera shallot supply was positively affected by the shallot harvest area, the shallot cultivation area, the garlic producer price, and the TSP fertilizer price. In addition, it was also negatively affected by the shallot producer price and the North Sumatera shallot supply in the previous period. In both the short and long-run, North Sumatera shallot supply is inelastic to the price.
Competitiveness Indonesia tea in international market
Authors: Khaliqi M , Gurning H R H , Novanda R R , Simamora O N 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The condition of the international market which has become a free market raises various challenges in increasing the value of exports for tea producers, especially Indonesian tea producers. In the international market competition, Indonesian tea producers not only face an increasing number of production and export volumes in the international market, but also must be able to consider aspects of consumer orientation. Thus, this will increase the superiority of Indonesian tea in the international market, both competitive advantage and comparative advantage. By using data on the export value of tea commodities 2001-2017 from 6 major tea exporting countries, this paper aims to identify the comparative and competitive advantages of Indonesian tea in the international market. It was analysed by using RCA and ECI. The Indonesian tea trade still has a chance to be increased because of the competitiveness of Indonesian tea especially green tea with the code HS 090210 and HS 090220 has a comparative and competitive advantage.
Analysis of snake fruit farmer satisfaction levels on agribusiness agency services (case: snake fruit agribusiness in Kutambaru Village, Tiganderket Subdistrict, Karo Regency)
Authors: Maryunianta Y , Kesuma S I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyse the performance of all institutions related to or play a role in the snake fruit agribusiness from Kutambaru Village and analyse the level of satisfaction of snake fruit farmers to the performance of these agribusiness institutions. The sample size in the impact assessment was determined using the Slovin method in order to obtain a sample of 60 farmers. Sampling is done by the Simple Random Sampling method. To study the performance of institutional agribusiness, the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method is used, while to see the farmers’ satisfaction with the institutional performance, the Consumer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method is used. The results of the study showed that 1) the performance of snake fruit agribusiness services in three agribusiness functions, namely the institutional procurement of production facilities, financial institutions, and marketing institutions, are in accordance with their importance; 2) the level of farmer satisfaction with the service of the snake fruit agribusiness institutional function in Kutambaru Village is in the quite satisfied category.
Determination of boundary conditions for mathematical model of agricultural machine during transport ride
Authors: Kešner A , Hromasová M , Chotěborský R , Linda M , Kuře J , Sutanto H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Agricultural tillage machines require large working widths. The maximum permissible width of the machine on public roads is 3 meters. For this reason, the machines for work have to be spread mostly by side frames. There is a force on the machine in the transport position than during the machine operation and therefore it is necessary to determine its boundary conditions, which are different from the machine in the working position. When designing the machine, it is therefore necessary to pay attention not only to the marginal conditions during the machine operation but also to the marginal conditions for the transport of the machine. During the transport of the machine, its frames and connecting frame pins are stressed by forces that cause tension in the structure. These forces arise from road surface unevenness, but since the machine often travels on farms, field crossings and various other obstacles are often the cause of machine design failures. In this work, the stress on the machine structure in the transport position was measured. Two strain gauges were used to measure the stress. The results obtained can be used for the design of agricultural machinery modifications.
The effect of rice husk mass on temperature and characteristics of its ash using a pyrolysis equipment organic-inorganic waste
Authors: Sigalingging R , Susanto E , Panggabean S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Carbon-containing residues are produced from rice husks when used in gasifiers and boilers. To understand the problem of incomplete carbon conversion, a study of combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification of rice husks is needed. Thermogravimetric experiments were carried out using rice-plastic husk pyrolysis equipment in the air atmosphere with a single airflow of 25 m s−1 under different temperature conditions and mass of rice husk (8, 9 and 10 kg). The results showed that at temperatures higher than 700°C there was an incomplete conversion, whereas at low temperatures a complete conversion occurred. The mass of the white and grey colour of rice husk ash increased with increase the rice husk mass while the black colour decreased. According to statistical analysis shows that the yield of ash with white colour has significant effect (P<0.05) while the grey and black colour was no significant effect. On the other hand, the amount of rice husk on the ash recovery of rice husk was no significant effect. Kinetics of combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification are also very sensitive to the rate of heating.
Simulation of biodiesel production using perforated helical type static mixer
Authors: Panggabean S , Sigalingging R , Raju  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The main objective of this simulation was to estimate fluid characteristics due to the presence of holes in the perforated helical type static mixer using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) during the process of biodiesel production with static mixing reactor. The conventional helix compared to the perforated helix with three scenarios of holes, namely with one hole each side of the helix as 1st scenario, two holes each side of the helix as 2nd scenario and three holes each side of the helix as 3rd scenario. Simulated CFD of biodiesel production showed the mixing process with the help of perforated helical type static mixers provided a better mixing impact compared to conventional helix. The concentration of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) using perforated helical type (as much as 86.26%) was higher than conventional helical type (as much as 82.79%). In other word the number of FAME concentration was increased by 4.06% due to the presence of perforated helix. While, the viscosity was decreased by 15.33%.
Principle Component Analysis (PCA) - Classification of Arabica green bean coffee of North Sumatera Using FT–NIRS
Authors: Siregar S D , Rindang A , Ayu P C 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Coffee is one of the important export commodities in Indonesia. Indonesia is among the top four coffee producers in the world after Brazil, Vietnam and Columbia. A total of 301 samples of North Sumatera Arabica green coffee bean were obtained from different districts namely Dairi, Humbang Hasudutan and Mandailing Natal. In this research, Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was used as to classify the three North Sumatra Arabica coffee bean, and also used several pretreatment smoothing data: derivative 1 (D1), derivative 2 (D2), Standard Normal Variate (SNV) and Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) as spectra data correction methods. Result showed that the classification of the three North Sumatra Arabica coffee beans with PCA without pretreatment data was gaining 100% prediction accuracy.
Prediction of water content in Lintong green bean coffee using FT-NIRS and PLS method
Authors: Sahfitri  , Rindang A , Ayu P C 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Water content is one of the coffee compositions that affects the coffee flavour, texture and appearance. Measurement of chemical composition is usually conducted using the chemical method which is known to be expensive and time consuming. Nowadays, Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) method is developed in measuring the chemical content of coffee in a short time. The purpose of this study was to predict the water content of Lintong green bean using FT-NIRS and PLS method. The spectra measurement was conducted in the wavelength of Near Infrared of 1000-2500 nm, then followed by the water content measurement using chemical methods. Several data pretreatment was used, namely first derivative, second derivative, multiple scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV), first derivative + MSC and second derivative + MSC. Result showed that the best calibration model was obtained using MSC with 7 factors of PLS, indicated by r = 0.860; SEC = 0.12; SEP = 0.14; CV = 1.14; and RPD = 2.09.
Utilization of biofloc pond water as a substitute for nutrition in the pak choi hydroponic system
Authors: Raju  , Panggabean S , Fatoni R B M I , Irfan A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Increased fish consumption needs can be overcome by high stocking density in fish farming. Stocking density and high feeding rise the problem of increasing organic waste which can reduce water quality. Biofloc technology is one alternative that can overcome this problem by adding the amount of organic carbon in the pond, thereby increasing the C / N ratio of water that will grow heterotrophic bacteria. The basic principle of biofloc technology is the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen by heterotrophic microbial communities in cultivation media which can then be utilized by aquatic organisms as a food source. The government through the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries promotes freshwater fish farming with biofloc technology. The objective of this research was to assessing the effect of biofloc pond water on pak choi growth. The research was conducted for two months, planting the pak choi in pipe line using rockwool as its growth media. The cultivation used two treatments, biofloc pond water and ab mix as its nutrition. The result showed that pak choi growth with biofloc pond water was lower than ab mix nutrition.
Analysis of factor that influences decision making for the implementation of the integration system of oil palm and cattle in Serdang Bedagai Regency plantations
Authors: Sihombing W P , Hanafi N D , Rahmanta  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Integration of oil palm and cattle is the union of oil palm plantation and beef cattle cultivation businesses to overcome the problem of waste (zero waste), but this system is not implemented on plantations due to various factors. This study aims to assess the plantation decision-making process and to analyse the factors that influence the decision making of oil palm plantations for the implementation of the integration system of oil palm and cattle in Serdang Bedagai Regency plantation. The research used a descriptive method, and the data were analysed using binary logistic regression analysis. The result of this research showed that oil palm plantations in Serdang Bedagai Regency carrying out integration were 41 plantations, while those who did not carry out integration were 25 plantations. Wald test results showed, technical factors and risk factors those are cattle damage plants, Ganoderma, and horn beetles (Oryces rhinoceros) (P<0.05) had a significantly affected the decisions of the plantation. It is concluded that Factors of age, experience, authority, technical, economic, and institutional factors had a positive influence on the decisions of the plantation. Meanwhile, the risk factors had a negative influence on the decisions of the plantation.
The effect of adding flour purslane (Portuluca oleracea L.) in the ration on meat chemical composition of broiler chickens
Authors: Dillak S Y F G , Sinlae M , Theedens J F , Temu S T , Suryatni N P F , Enawati L S , Nenobais M , Pangestuti H T , Handayani H T , Nastiti H P , Danga D N , Henuk Y L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the research was to determine the Effect of purslane flour in the ration on the meat chemical composition of broiler chicken. 100-day old chicks broiler used in the experiment, and the study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and 5 replicates. The four treatments were: (1) T0: commercial ration; (2) T1: commercial ration + 2.5% purslane flour; (3) T2: commercial ration + 5% purslane flour; and (4) T3: commercial ration + 7.5% purslane flour. Parameter measured were water, protein, and fat content of broiler meat. Data obtained by cutting 60 chickens from which 15 chicken from each treatment. Statistical analysis showed that the addition of purslane flour in ration did not have significant Effect (P > 0.05) on water content, but had very significant Effect (P < 0.01) on protein and fat content of broiler chicken meat. It can be concluded that purslane flour added to basal ration up to 7.5% of broiler chickens could improve the quality of broiler’s meat.
Analysis of concentrated nutrition with banana starch tuber meal fermented with Zn bio complex as a feed additive fed to beef cattle
Authors: Sobang Y U L , Yunus M , Tenang  , Maranatha G , Samba F D , Henuk Y L 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn experiment was conducted 30 days to evaluate nutrient digestibility of feed fermented banana starch tuber meal with Zn bio complex as a feed additive to beef cattle. The method used a completely randomized design with four treatments and 5 replicate. The treatments were T0= feed fermented concentrate without banana starch tuber meal fermented with Zn biocomplex+60 mg/kg DM; T1= banana starch tuber meal 10% fermented with Zn biocomplex+60mg/kg DM; T2= banana starch tuber meal 20% fermented with Zn biocomplex+60 mg/kg DM; and T3= banana starch tuber meal 30% fermented with Zn bio complex+60mg/kg DM. The digestive assessment carried outin vitro. The results showed that the digestibility of DM, OM, and TDN. T0= 60.12%, 48.24%, 56.15%, T1= 61.22%, 49.44%, 57.26%; T2= 61.84%, 50.14%, 59.34%; T3= 61.68%, 49.26%, 59.56%. Analysis results of variance showed the treatments had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the digestibility of DM, OM, and TDN concentrate feed containing banana hump flour fermented with ZN bio complex as a feed additive. It was concluded the use of 10-30% fermented banana starchy tuber with organic Zn additives gave the same response as the concentrate without banana starch tuber meal to the DDM, DOM, and TDN.
Digestibility of dry matter and organic matter and the in vitro rumen parameters of complete feed from fermented corn cobs and moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves meal
Authors: Maranatha G , Fattah S , Sobang Y U L , Yunus M , Henuk Y L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This research aimed to explore the effect addition of fermented corn cobs (FCC) and Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) meal at different levels of complete feed on dry matter, organic matter digestibility, in vitro of NH3 and VFA concentration. The experimental design used was completely randomized design consisted of three treatments and three replicates. The treatments were: T0 = complete feed without addition of both FCC and MOL meal; T1 = complete feed+10% FCC+10% MOL meal; T2 = complete feed+20% FCC + 10% MOL meal. The results showed that increasing content of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), carbohydrate (CHO), Nitrogen Free Ether Extract (NFEE), and energy on FCC with addition of 10% FCC and 10% MOL meal into complete feed. In contrast, there was a decreasing of nutrients component at the addition of 20% FCC complete feed and 10% MOL meal. The treatment was significantly (P<0.05) affected by dry matter, organic matter digestibility, in vitro of NH3, and VFA concentration. In conclusion, addition FCC and MOL meal at different levels into complete had increased the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter, as well as the in vitro of NH3 and VFA concentration.
Effect of Sweet Leaves (Sauropus androgynus L Merr) meal inclusion into basal feed on performance and IOFC of growing pigs
Authors: Ly J , Agus P I P , Keban A , Henuk Y L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The study aimed at evaluating effect Sweet (Sauropus androgynus L. Merr) leaves meal (SLM) inclusion into feed on performance and Income over Feed Cost (IOFC) of growing pigs. There were 12 landrace crossbred barrows 4-5 months of age with 26.5-55.5kg (CV = 19.69%) initial bodyweight used in a feeding trial. Randomized block design 4 treatments with 3 replicate procedures were applied. The 4 treatment feeds offered in the feeding trial were: (1) T0: 100% basal feed; (2) T1: 97% basal feed + 3% SLM; (3) T2: 94% basal feed + 6% SLM; and (4) T3: 91% basal feed 9% SLM. Variables evaluated were performances (feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion) and IOFC. Statistical analysis shows that the effect of including SLM into basal feed is not significant (P>0.05) on either performance or IOFC of the pigs. The conclusion is that including Sweet leaves meal inclusion into basal feed performs similar values with basal feed, and up to 9% tends to be higher in performances and IOFC in grower pigs.
The use of cassava peel (Manihot utilissima) fermentation in the ration on the fat of local sheep
Authors: Ginting N , Sembiring I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the influence of fermented cassava peel flour (Manihot utilisima) in the rations on fat percentage of local sheep. The design was Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. This study used 20 local sheep with an average of 10.18 ± 1 kg. The four treatments were T0 (Cassava peel flour non fermentation), T1 (Cassava peel flour fermentation 20%), T2 (Cassava peel flour fermentation 40%), and T3 (Cassava peel fermentation 60%). The results showed that the highest percentage of subcutaneous fat was on T3 while there were no differences by all treatments on percentage of abdomen, heart kidney and pelvic fat. The use of fermented cassava flour (Manihot utilisima) with starbio to 60% level in ration increased the percentage of fat subcutaneous while abdominal fat, heart, kidney and pelvic percentage were remained. Subcutaneous fat enhance sheep external shape and improve meat quality.
Control of Escherichia coli with extract white onion (Allium sativum linn) and ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe) on chickens carcass
Authors: Wahyuni T H , Sianipar R B , Mirwandhono R E , Ketaren N B , Ginting N , Prayitno L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research is to examine the infection of Escherichia coli that given garlic and ginger extract on chicken’s carcass. This research used 6 treatments and 3 replicates with experimental design: completely randomized design (CRD). Each replicate consisted of five DOC with the six treatments were (1) T0A (not infected chicken), (2) T0B (chickens infected with Escherichia coli); (3) T1 (chickens infected with Escherichia coli + tetracycline antibiotic 0,05%); (4) T2 (chickens infected with Escherichia coli + garlic extract 1%); (5) T3 (chickens infected with Escherichia coli + ginger extract 1%); (6) T4 (chickens infected with Escherichia coli + garlic and ginger extract 1%). 90 Cobb broilers were used in this research. The results showed that the average of final weight1(g/head) 281.94; 1,324.10; 1,465.04; 1,418.66; 1,383.21; and 1,431.46 respectively; carcass weight(g/head) 893.98; 972.43; 1,043.29; 1,072.09; 1,073.66; 1,030.80 respectively; carcass percentage (%) 70; 73; 71; 76; 78; and 72 respectively; and abdominal fat (%) 7.12; 8.95; 14.45; 10.74; 15.74; 12.22 respectively. The conclusion of this research is that the treatment that consisted of garlic and ginger extract given to Escherichia Coli infected broilers had no effect on broiler’s carcass.