bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Fast-Progression, Hyperprogressive Disease, and Early Deaths in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors or Chemotherapy
Authors: Ferrara Roberto , Mezquita Laura , Texier Matthieu , Lahmar Jihene , Audigier-Valette Clarisse , Tessonnier Laurent , Mazieres Julien , Zalcman Gerard , Brosseau Solenn , Le Moulec Sylvestre , Leroy Laura , Duchemann Boris , Lefebvre Corentin , Veillon Remi , Westeel Virginie , Koscielny Serge , Champiat Stephane , Ferté Charles , Planchard David , Remon Jordi , Boucher Marie Eve , Gazzah Anas , Adam Julien , Lo Russo Giuseppe , Signorelli Diego , Garassino Marina Chiara , Soria Jean Charles , Caramella Caroline , Besse Benjamin 
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE Hyperprogressive disease (HPD), fast progression (FP), and early death (ED) have been described in 13.8%, 4.7%, and 5.6% and in 5.1%, 2.8%, and 6.8%, respectively, of patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with single-agent programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors (ICI) or chemotherapy, respectively. Whether FP/ED and HPD represent overlapping patterns is unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS FP, ED, and HPD were retrospectively assessed in patients with NSCLC treated with single-agent ICI or chemotherapy. Eligibility required 2 computed tomography (CT) scans before and 1 CT scan during treatment. (1) HPD, (2) FP, (3) ED were defined as (1) RECIST version 1.1 progression at first CT scan and tumor growth rate variation per month > 50%, (2) ≥ 50% increase in the sum of the longest diameters of target lesions within 6 weeks from baseline, and (3) death as a result of radiologic progression within 12 weeks from baseline CT scan, respectively. RESULTS Of 406 ICI-treated NSCLC, 56 patients (13.8%), 9 patients (2.2%), and 36 patients (8.8%) were HPD, FP, and ED, respectively. Eight (14.2%) and 20 (35.7%) of 56 patients with HPD were also FP and ED. ED significantly correlated with baseline Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥ 2 compared with HPD (33% v 13%, P = .02). Overall survival was significantly longer for HPD (3.4 months [95% CI, 2.7 to 4.0 months]) compared with FP (0.7 months [95% CI, 0.6 to 0.8 months]); HR, 0.18 [95% CI, 0.08 to 0.42]; P < .0001) and ED (1.4 months [95% CI, 1.3 to 1.6 months]); HR, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.11 to 0.34]); P < .0001), whereas it did not differ between FP and ED (HR, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.56 to 3.0]; P = .55). Of 59 patients with NSCLC treated with single-agent chemotherapy, the HPD, FP, and ED rates were 5.1%, 1.7%, and 6.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION FP, ED, and HPD represent distinct progression patterns with limited overlap and different survival outcomes.
Sex-Specific Metabolite Biomarkers of NAFLD in Youth: A Prospective Study in the EPOCH Cohort
Authors: Perng Wei , Francis Ellen C , Smith Harry A , Carey John , Wang Dongqing , Kechris Katerina M , Dabelea Dana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Context
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in developed nations. There are currently no accurate biomarkers of NAFLD risk in youth.

Objective
Identify sex-specific metabolomics biomarkers of NAFLD in a healthy cohort of youth.

Design/Setting
This prospective study included 395 participants of the EPOCH cohort in Colorado, who were recruited 2006-2009 (“T1 visit”) and followed for 5 years (“T2 visit”). We entered 767 metabolites measured at T1 into a reduced rank regression model to identify the strongest determinants of hepatic fat fraction (HFF) at T2, separately for boys and girls. We compared the capacity of metabolites versus conventional risk factors (overweight/obesity, insulin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase) to predict NAFLD (HFF ≥5%) and high HFF (fourth vs first quartile) using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results
Prevalence of NAFLD was 7.9% (8.5% of boys, 7.1% of girls). Mean ± SD HFF was 2.5 ± 3.1%. We identified 13 metabolites in girls and 10 metabolites in boys. Metabolites were in lipid, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism pathways. At T1, the metabolites outperformed conventional risk factors in prediction of high HFF but not NAFLD. At T2, the metabolites were superior to conventional risk factors as predictors of high HFF (AUC for metabolites vs conventional risk factors for boys: 0.9565 vs 0.8851, P = 0.02; for girls: 0.9450 vs 0.8469, P = 0.02) with similar trends for NAFLD, although the differences were not significant.

Conclusions
The metabolite profiles identified herein are superior predictors of high HFF when assessed 5 years prior and concurrently in a general-risk setting.
Riedel Thyroiditis
Authors: Zala Aakansha , Berhane Thomas , Juhlin C Christofer , Calissendorff Jan , Falhammar Henrik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractContextRiedel thyroiditis (RT) is a rare inflammatory autoimmune disease that is often a clinically diagnostic dilemma because of its insidious presentation and nonspecific symptoms.ObjectiveThe aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis is to clarify the presentation, management, and outcomes of RT.Study SelectionA systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science was conducted to identify relevant reports published up to September 2019.Data ExtractionFirst author, country, patient sex, ethnicity, presentation, biochemical status, duration of symptoms, histology, treatment, follow-up duration, and short- and long-term outcomes.Data SynthesisData from 212 RT patients were retrieved. The mean age was 47 years with a predominantly female population (81%). Neck swelling (89%), dyspnea (50%), and neck pain (41%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Inflammatory markers were elevated in 70% to 97% and thyroid antibody positivity was present in less than 50%. Up to 82% underwent surgical intervention, with the most common being total thyroidectomy in 34% of individuals. Glucocorticoids were used in 70% of individuals with median duration 3 months. Prognosis was reasonable with 90% having resolution or improvement of symptoms.ConclusionsThis analysis is the largest and most comprehensive to date of RT and provides clinicians with vital information on the common presentation features that may alert to the diagnosis and highlight management options.
Whole phase curvature-based particle positioning and size determination by digital holography
Authors: Hasegawa Shin-ya , Miaki Takao 
Published: July 2020

We demonstrate the positioning and characterization of a transparent particle with a diameter of 60 µm in sparse particle fields. Particles appear elongated in optical setups with small numerical apertures that are used in digital holography; thus, an accurate method to position them is required. We propose a new optimization method using the whole phase curvature of a reconstructed wave along the optical axis to obtain not only the precise axial position but also the radius and refractive index of a particle. Experimental results show that the axial positions of particles can be detected with a standard deviation of 38.6 µm, corresponding to 66% of the average particle diameter. A radius of

29.3

±

0.4

µ

m

and a refractive index of

1.5910

±

0.0017

agree well with the manufacturer specifications of particles.
Optical rogue waves in coupled fiber Raman lasers
Authors: Kolpakov S. , Sergeyev S. V. , Udalcovs A. , Pang X. , Ozolins O. , Schatz R. , Popov S. 
Published: July 2020

For coupled linear cavity-random fiber Raman lasers, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate a new mechanism of emergence of the random pulses, with the anomalous statistics satisfying optical rogue waves’ criteria experimentally. The rogue waves appear as a result of the coupling of two Raman cascades, namely, a linear cavity laser with a wavelength of 1.55 µm and a random laser with a wavelength nearly 1.67 µm, along with coupling of the orthogonal states of polarization (SOPs). The coherent coupling of SOPs causes localization of the trajectories in the vicinity of these states, whereas polarization instability drives escape taking the form of chaotic oscillations. Antiphase dynamics in two cascades result in the suppression of low amplitude chaotic oscillations and enable the anomalous spikes, satisfying rogue waves criteria.
Hydroxyl radical planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging in flames using frequency-tripled femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Jain Ayush , Parajuli Pradeep , Wang Yejun , Kulatilaka Waruna D. 
Published: July 2020

Ultra-short optical pulses in the ultraviolet (UV) region are of significant interest for combustion and reacting flow diagnostics, as most important chemical species have electronic resonance transitions in the UV region. Optical parametric amplifiers are typically used for frequency conversion of femtosecond (fs) pulses from near-IR to UV; however, their implementation for practical imaging applications is limited because of the low conversion efficiency and extreme sensitivity to ambient conditions. In this work, we report the implementation of direct-frequency-tripled, fs laser pulses from a tunable amplified laser system for high-resolution imaging of hydroxyl (OH) radical in flames. The fundamental laser output near 850 nm is frequency tripled to obtain approximately 283.3-nm UV radiation. OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) imaging at 1 kHz is demonstrated in turbulent flames with image sheet heights in excess of 45 mm and a signal-to-noise ratio better than 25. These results represent over

3

×

increase in the imaging dimensionality compared to traditional OPA-based systems. Additionally, the third-harmonic generation apparatus is compact, robust, and easy to operate while providing near-Gaussian beam profiles. Simple power scaling suggests another factor of 3 or more increase in sheet height can be achieved for kilohertz-rate practical combustion diagnostics applications.
Novice middle school teachers’ preparedness for teaching, and the helpfulness of supports: A survey of one state
Authors: Chaney Bradford , Braun Henry , Jenkins Frank 
Published: July 2020

Novice teachers’ readiness for teaching may affect the quality of the classroom environment and teachers’ likelihood of remaining in teaching. Using a survey of novice teachers in one state, we examine teachers’ preparedness for teaching, the supports offered, and the perceived helpfulness of those supports. Even novice teachers often had some type of prior experience: particularly substitute teaching (64%) and as a teacher aide or assistant (44%). Still, they often did not feel well prepared. Sixty percent of teachers felt well prepared in their subject area, but only 34% in using appropriate pedagogical strategies, 28% in managing their classrooms, and 17% in reaching all students. Teachers typically received multiple types of supports and received them multiple times over the first year, with a mean of 163 instances of supports. Teachers most often viewed supports as helpful if the supports were in the areas that teachers felt least prepared and provided at least monthly. The supports most related to teachers’ perceptions of helpfulness were mentoring, planning lessons, using student assessment data to make decisions about instruction, using appropriate pedagogical strategies, professional development for new teachers, teacher networks, and regular collaboration with other teachers.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Is Associated with α Dysrhythmia across the Visual Cortex and the Default Mode Network
Authors: Clancy Kevin J. , Andrzejewski Jeremy A. , Simon Jessica , Ding Mingzhou , Schmidt Norman B. , Li Wen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAnomalies in default mode network (DMN) activity and α (8–12 Hz) oscillations have been independently observed in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recent spatiotemporal analyses suggest that α oscillations support DMN functioning via interregional synchronization and sensory cortical inhibition. Therefore, we examined a unifying pathology of α deficits in the visual-cortex-DMN system in PTSD. Human patients with PTSD (N = 25) and two control groups, patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD;N = 24) and healthy controls (HCs;N = 20), underwent a standard eyes-open resting state (S-RS) and a modified resting state (M-RS) of passively viewing salient images (known to deactivate the DMN). High-density electroencephalogram (hdEEG) were recorded, from which intracortical α activity (power and connectivity/Granger causality) was extracted using the exact low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA). Patients with PTSD (vs GAD/HC) demonstrated attenuated α power in the visual cortex (VC) and key hubs of the DMN [posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)] at both states, the severity of which further correlated with hypervigilance symptoms. With increased visual input (at M-RS vs S-RS), patients with PTSD further demonstrated reduced α-frequency directed connectivity within the DMN (PCC→mPFC) and, importantly, from the VC to both DMN hubs (VC→PCC and VC→mPFC), linking α deficits in the two systems. These interrelated α deficits align with DMN hypoactivity/hypoconnectivity, sensory disinhibition, and hypervigilance in PTSD, representing a unifying neural underpinning of these anomalies. The identification of visual-cortex-DMN α dysrhythmia in PTSD further presents a novel therapeutic target, promoting network-based intervention of neural oscillations.
Signaling by AWC Olfactory Neurons Is Necessary for Caenorhabditis elegans’ Response to Prenol, an Odor Associated with Nematode-Infected Insects
Authors: Baiocchi Tiffany , Anesko Kyle , Mercado Nathan , Park Heenam , Kin Kassandra , Strickhouser-Monzon Brandon , Robles Priscila , Bowman Christian , Wang Han , Sternberg Paul W , Dillman Adler R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Chemosensation plays a role in the behaviors and life cycles of numerous organisms, including nematodes. Many guilds of nematodes exist, ranging from the free-living Caenorhabditis elegans to various parasitic species such as entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), which are parasites of insects. Despite ecological differences, previous research has shown that both EPNs and C. elegans respond to prenol (3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol), an odor associated with EPN infections. However, it is unclear how C. elegans responds to prenol. By utilizing natural variation and genetic neuron ablation to investigate the response of C. elegans to prenol, we found that the AWC neurons are involved in the detection of prenol and that several genes (including dcap-1, dcap-2, and clec-39) influence response to this odorant. Furthermore, we identified that the response to prenol is mediated by the canonically proposed pathway required for other AWC-sensed attractants. However, upon testing genetically diverse isolates, we found that the response of some strains to prenol differed from their response to isoamyl alcohol, suggesting that the pathways mediating response to these two odorants may be genetically distinct. Further, evaluations leveraging natural variation and genome wide association revealed specific genes that influence nematode behavior and provide a foundation for future studies to better understand the role of prenol in nematode behavioral ecology.
THE OCCURRENCE OF BACTERIAL AGENTS CAUSING MASTITIS IN DAIRY SHEEP AND THEIR RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS
Authors: Zigo František , Lakticová Katarína Veszelits , M Mária Vargová 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to monitor the occurrence of bacterial agents causing mastitis, forms of mastitis and antibiotic resistance in 300 ewes on a farm in Eastern Slovakia.
Material and methods: During the milking season, were performed three complex investigations including clinical examination, California Mastitis Test and laboratory analysis of milk samples. The investigations and milk samples were taken in three phases; the beginning (April), the middle (June) and the end (September) of the milking season.
Results: Of all the samples (806), 225 (28.0%) were positive for bacterial pathogens. The highest incidence of mastitis (33.3%) was recorded in September, while April (23.8%) and June (25.3%) had lower incidence. The samples from September showed the highest incidence of subclinical mastitis (20.1%), with 13.2% being an acute form of mastitis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were identified in 61.7% of the positive samples. Especially, S. chromogenes, S. epidermidis and S. schleiferi were most frequently isolated. Staphylococcus aureus was the causative agent in 20.0% of the positive samples and caused acute or subclinical mastitis in the affected ewes. The tested bacteria showed very high resistance to novobiocin (59.5%) and penicillin (51.4%) and high resistance to amoxycillin (35.1%). We found that 80% of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria tested for antibiotic resistance were resistant to novobiocin and 70% were resistant to penicillin. Of all tested CNS, 56.5% were resistant to novobiocin, 39.1% to penicillin, and 34.7% to amoxicillin.
Conclusion: Proper isolation and identification of the causative organism play a significant role in the prevention and control of the intramammary infection. In our study, a combinations of Streptomycin, Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline were the most effective antibiotics for the control of mastitis.
Factors Influencing College Selection by NCAA Division III Men's Basketball Players
Authors: Nichols Brett A , Smith Mark A , Stellino Megan B 
Published: July 2020

National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III basketball, coaches are often faced with the challenge of stretching resources to successfully recruit players who will represent the institution without the benefit of athletic scholarships. Having a better grasp of the factors that influence the college selection of NCAA Division III players might assist these coaches in more efficiently maximizing their resources. The purposes of this study were to (a) examine specific factors which influence why DIII basketball players made their choice to attend a particular school, (b) determine if there were differences based upon the type of school attended, and (c) examine whether there were categorical factors that differed on the basis of a players recruitment, year in school, race/ethnicity, playing status, or financial aid status. Using the revised Influential Factors Survey for Student Athletes (IFSSA-R; Pauline, 2010), 503 DIII men’s basketball players were surveyed. Participant responses indicated that ‘career opportunities’ was the most vital item affecting college selection. With regard to the five categorical factors (academic, athletic, coaching staff, financial aid, and social atmosphere) academic factors were also found to be important. Analyses revealed significant (p < .05) differences as determined by type of school for the athletic, academic, and financial aid subscales. Results of the study will provide useful information for DIII men’s basketball coaches and college administrators throughout various points in the recruiting and college selection process.
Keywords: coaching, recruiting, basketball, NCAA Division III, college selection
Treatment results of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with epigenetic drugs addition
Authors: Nemirovchenko V. S. , Shervashidze M. A. , Valiev T. T. , Kondratchik K. L. 
Published: July 2020

Background. Currently, overall survival rate for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) do not exceed 70 %. The intensity of modern AML chemotherapeutic programs has reached its limit, and further chemotherapy dose escalation for treatment results improvement is impossible, because it fraught with life-threatening complications. It is investigating a new ways of tumor treatment for improvement of AML patient’s survival level: therapeutic efficacy of targeted and epigenetic drugs.Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of epigenetic drugs (azacitidine, decitabine, all-trans-retinoid acid and valproic acid) in combination with AML-BFM 2004 protocol for treatment of pediatric AML.Materials and methods. 80 patients with primary AML diagnosis were enrolled the study. Age was ranged from 8 months to 17 years (median 6.7 ± 0.6 years). From June 2012 to January 2018 all patients were subdivided in two treatment groups. 1st group included 34 patients treated with NII POH AML 2012 protocol, 2nd group – 46 patients treated by AML-BFM 2004 protocol.Results. 3-year relapse-free survival in 1st group, regardless of prognostic risk group, was 66.7 ± 11.7 %, 2nd group – 68.9 ± 9.9 %. Eventfree survival (EFS) for patients from 1st group was 66.7 ± 11.7 %, form 2nd group – 50.4 ± 10.2 %. Overall survival in 1st group was 66.7 ± 14.3 %, 2nd group – 66.9 ± 7.5 %. For patients with unfavorable risk from 1st treatment group 3-year relapse-free survival was 69.1 ± 11.9 %, 2nd – 64.9 ± 11.3 % (p = 0,8). EFS – 69.1 ± 11.9 and 44.8 ± 11.3 % respectively (p = 0,13). 3-year overall survival for patients with unfavorable risk group was 69.4 ± 14.6 and 64.4 ± 7.9 % in 1st and 2nd treatment groups respectively.Conclusion. The efficacy of decitabine in “window” regimen was higher in contrast to azacitidine; epigenetic therapy with AML-BFM 2004 protocol allow us to achieve a higher EFS, because of induction mortality and infection-related death decrease – EFS in 1st group was 16 % higher than in 2nd. Besides, EFS in unfavorable risk group, who treated with epigenetic drugs, was 25 % higher – 69.1 ± 11.9 % and 44.8 ± 11.3 % in 1st and 2nd groups respectively (p = 0.13). Nevertheless, overall survival in both groups was the same – 66 % (1st – 66.7 ± 14.3 % and 2nd – 66.9 ± 7.5 %).
Behavioral disorders and their correlation with nutritional status of children, complete the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and embryonic central nervous system tumors
Authors: Vashura A. Yu. , Devyaterikova A. A. , Lukina S. S. , Kasatkin V. N. , Karelin A. F. 
Published: July 2020

Background. A violation of nutritional status (obesity) and emotional-behavioral status (depression) is one of the urgent problems of modern health care. Often these two problems are at the same time. Particularly striking manifestations of a decrease in nutritional and emotional statuses are observed in children with oncological diseases of various origins.Objective: to assess the emotional-behavioral status and nutritional status in pediatric cancer and hematological diseases after treatment.Materials and methods. The study included 112 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 49) and central nervous system tumors (n = 63) in remission. Age 6–18 years (median 11.5 years). 66 male (58.9 %). The Aachenbаch questionnaire was used to assess the behavioral and individual-personality characteristics. CDI (children depression inventory) questionnaire was used to assess the presence and level of depression. Body mass index (in percentile terms) and body tissue composition by bioimpedance analysis (body fat and lean body mass were evaluated) were used to assess nutritional status.Results. As a result, it was found that a significant proportion of children have delayed effects of treatment in the form of reduced nutritional status and emotional and behavioral difficulties. Children with brain tumors have an increased risk of nutritional and emotional-behavioral disorders compared to children who have survived acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The nutritional and emotional-behavioral statuses of children are related: the presence of excess fat mass increases the risk of emotional-behavioral disorders. According to questionnaires, parents identify detected problems much more often than patients themselves.Conclusion. In children who have experienced antitumor treatment and achieved remission, in case of excess body fat, the risk of emotionalbehavioral disorders increases. Emotional-behavioral disorders can have a negative effect on rehabilitation measures; therefore, before starting rehabilitation measures it is necessary to take into account the nutritional and emotional-behavioral status of patients.