bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural cell integration into 3D bioprinted skeletal muscle constructs accelerates restoration of muscle function
Authors: Kim Ji Hyun , Kim Ickhee , Seol Young-Joon , Ko In Kap , Yoo James J. , Atala Anthony , Lee Sang Jin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA bioengineered skeletal muscle construct that mimics structural and functional characteristics of native skeletal muscle is a promising therapeutic option to treat extensive muscle defect injuries. We previously showed that bioprinted human skeletal muscle constructs were able to form multi-layered bundles with aligned myofibers. In this study, we investigate the effects of neural cell integration into the bioprinted skeletal muscle construct to accelerate functional muscle regeneration in vivo. Neural input into this bioprinted skeletal muscle construct shows the improvement of myofiber formation, long-term survival, and neuromuscular junction formation in vitro. More importantly, the bioprinted constructs with neural cell integration facilitate rapid innervation and mature into organized muscle tissue that restores normal muscle weight and function in a rodent model of muscle defect injury. These results suggest that the 3D bioprinted human neural-skeletal muscle constructs can be rapidly integrated with the host neural network, resulting in accelerated muscle function restoration.
Analysis of bacterial and fungal communities in continuous-cropping ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) fields in different areas in China
Authors: Wang Yanzhou , Xu Xiaomin , Liu Touming , Wang Hongwu , Yang Yan , Chen Xiaorong , Zhu Siyuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRamie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) suffers from long-term continuous cropping. Here, using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology, we aimed to identify bacteria and fungi associated with continuous cropping in ramie fields in Yuanjiang, Xianning, Sichuan, and Jiangxi. The rarefaction results showed that Jiangxi had significantly lower bacterial α-diversity than that of the other areas. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla, and Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota were the dominant fungal phyla. In Jiangxi, Firmicutes accounted for 79.03% of all valid reads, which could have significant decreased microbial diversity and negative effects of continuous ramie cropping. We used traditional methods to examine soil nutrients. Sichuan had a relatively high pH and available P and K, but low total N; opposite findings were recorded in Jiangxi. The redundancy analysis revealed that the urease activity, PH, available K, and total N significantly correlated with bacterial community abundance, whereas only total N significantly correlated with fungal community abundance (P < 0.01). Overall, the effect of soil environmental factors on the bacterial diversity of continuous ramie cropping was greater than that on fungal diversity. In the future, we will focus on the effect of rhizosphere bacteria to solve the obstacle in continuous ramie cropping.
Hapten Synthesis and the Development of an Ultrasensitive Indirect Competitive ELISA for the Determination of Diethylstilbestrol in Food Samples
Authors: Yang Xingdong , Wang Yinbiao , Song Chunmei , Hu Xiaofei , Wang Fangyu , Zeng Xianyin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn ultrasensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic ELISA) using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was developed for the specific detection of diethylstilbestrol (DES) residues. To establish an ELISA based on mAbs, hapten diethylstilbestrol mono-carboxypropyl-ether (DES-MCPE) was chemically synthetized and then conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) for immunization in mice. This ic ELISA was further optimized for DES determination. The sensitivity of the ic ELISA was found to be 0.49 μg/kg and the limit of detection was 0.075 μg/kg. DES residues in salmon meat and pork were tested with the recovery range from 74.0 to 85.2% and the coefficient of variation (CV) was less than 10%. Parallel analysis of DES samples from salmon meat showed comparable results from the ic ELISA with high-performance liquid chromatography. The ic ELISA provides a useful screening method for the quantitative detection of DES residues in animal-derived food.
Deconvoluting Wavelengths Leading to Fluorescent Light Induced Inflammation and Cellular Stress in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Boswell Mikki , Boswell William , Lu Yuan , Savage Markita , Walter Ronald B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFluorescent light (FL) has been shown to induce a cellular immune and inflammatory response that is conserved over 450 MY of evolutionary divergence and among vertebrates having drastically different lifestyles such as Mus musculus, Danio rerio, Oryzias latipes and Xiphophorus maculatus. This surprising finding of an inflammation and immune response to FL not only holds for direct light receiving organs (skin) but is also observed within internal organs (brain and liver). Light responsive genetic circuitry initiated by the IL1B regulator induces a highly conserved acute phase response in each organ assessed for all of biological models surveyed to date; however, the specific light wavelengths triggering this response have yet to be determined so investigation of mechanisms and/or light specific molecule(s) leading to this response are difficult to assess. To understand how specific light wavelengths are received in both external and internal organs, zebrafish were exposed to specific 50 nm light wavebands spanning the visible spectrum from 300–600 nm and the genetic responses to each waveband exposure were assessed. Surprisingly, the induced cellular stress response previously observed following FL exposure is not triggered by the lower “damaging” wavelengths of light (UVB and UVA from 300–400 nm) but instead is maximally induced by higher wavelengths ranging from 450–500 nm in skin to 500–600 nm in both brain and liver).
First-principles study of phase transition, elastic and thermodynamic properties of ZnSe at high pressure
Authors: Yang Tao , Zhu Xuejun , Ji Junyi , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe structural and elastic properties of ZnSe with B3 and B1 phases under different pressure have been investigated by the first principle method based on density functional theory. The obtained structural parameters of ZnSe in both B3 and B1 structures are in good agreement with the available values. The transition pressure of ZnSe from B3 to B1 was predicted as 14.85 GPa by using the enthalpy–pressure data, which is well in line with experimental result. According to the obtained elastic constants, the elastic properties such as bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, ductile/brittle behavior and elastic anisotropy as a function of pressure for polycrystalline of ZnSe are discussed in details. In the frame work of quasi-harmonic Debye model, the temperature and pressure dependencies of the Debye temperature and heat capacity of ZnSe are obtained and discussed in the wide ranges.
Deep learning for irregularly and regularly missing data reconstruction
Authors: Chai Xintao , Gu Hanming , Li Feng , Duan Hongyou , Hu Xiaobo , Lin Kai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDeep learning (DL) is a powerful tool for mining features from data, which can theoretically avoid assumptions (e.g., linear events) constraining conventional interpolation methods. Motivated by this and inspired by image-to-image translation, we applied DL to irregularly and regularly missing data reconstruction with the aim of transforming incomplete data into corresponding complete data. To accomplish this, we established a model architecture with randomly sampled data as input and corresponding complete data as output, which was based on an encoder-decoder-style U-Net convolutional neural network. We carefully prepared the training data using synthetic and field seismic data. We used a mean-squared-error loss function and an Adam optimizer to train the network. We displayed the feature maps for a randomly sampled data set going through the trained model with the aim of explaining how the missing data are reconstructed. We benchmarked the method on several typical datasets for irregularly missing data reconstruction, which achieved better performances compared with a peer-reviewed Fourier transform interpolation method, verifying the effectiveness, superiority, and generalization capability of our approach. Because regularly missing is a special case of irregularly missing, we successfully applied the model to regularly missing data reconstruction, although it was trained with irregularly sampled data only.
Changes in Infant and Neonatal Mortality and Associated Factors in Eight Cohorts from Three Brazilian Cities
Authors: Carvalho Carolina A. , Silva Antônio A. M. da , Victora César , Goldani Marcelo , Bettiol Heloísa , Thomaz Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca , Barros Fernando , Horta Bernardo L. , Menezes Ana , Cardoso Viviane , Cavalli Ricardo Carvalho , Santos Iná , Batista Rosângela F. L. , Simões Vanda Maria , Barbieri Marco , Barros Aluisio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStillbirth (SBR), perinatal (PMR), neonatal (NMR) and infant mortality rates (IMR) are declining in Brazil and the factors associated with these falls are still being investigated. The objective of the present study was to assess changes in SBR, PMR, NMR and IMR over time and to determine the factors associated with changes in NMR and IMR in eight Brazilian cohorts. All cohorts are population-based (Ribeirão Preto in 1978/79, 1994 and 2010; Pelotas in 1982, 1993 and 2004; and São Luís in 1997/98 and 2010). Were included data on 41440 children. All indicators were decreased, except in the city of Pelotas, from 1993 to 2004, and except SBR in São Luís. Sociodemographic variables seem to be able to explain reductions of NMR and IMR in Ribeirão Preto, from 1978/79 to 1994, and in São Luís. In Ribeirão Preto, from 1994 to 2010 declines in NMR and IMR seem to be explained by reductions in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Newborn’s gestational age had diminished in all cohorts, preventing even greater reductions of NMR and IMR. Improved sociodemographic variables and reduction of IUGR, seem to be able to explain part of the decrease observed. NMR and IMR could have been reduced even more, were it not for the worsening in gestational age distribution.
A fibered laser system for the MIGA large scale atom interferometer
Authors: Sabulsky D. O. , Junca J. , Lefèvre G. , Zou X. , Bertoldi A. , Battelier B. , Prevedelli M. , Stern G. , Santoire J. , Beaufils Q. , Geiger R. , Landragin A. , Desruelle B. , Bouyer P. , Canuel B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe describe the realization and characterization of a compact, autonomous fiber laser system that produces the optical frequencies required for laser cooling, trapping, manipulation, and detection of 87Rb atoms - a typical atomic species for emerging quantum technologies. This device, a customized laser system from the Muquans company, is designed for use in the challenging operating environment of the Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB) in France, where a new large scale atom interferometer is being constructed underground - the MIGA antenna. The mobile bench comprises four frequency-agile C-band Telecom diode lasers that are frequency doubled to 780 nm after passing through high-power fiber amplifiers. The first laser is frequency stabilized on a saturated absorption signal via lock-in amplification, which serves as an optical frequency reference for the other three lasers via optical phase-locked loops. Power and polarization stability are maintained through a series of custom, flexible micro-optic splitter/combiners that contain polarization optics, acousto-optic modulators, and shutters. Here, we show how the laser system is designed, showcasing qualities such as reliability, stability, remote control, and flexibility, while maintaining the qualities of laboratory equipment. We characterize the laser system by measuring the power, polarization, and frequency stability. We conclude with a demonstration using a cold atom source from the MIGA project and show that this laser system fulfills all requirements for the realization of the antenna.
An endophyte from salt-adapted Pokkali rice confers salt-tolerance to a salt-sensitive rice variety and targets a unique pattern of genes in its new host
Authors: Sampangi-Ramaiah Megha Hastantram , Jagadheesh  , Dey Prajjal , Jambagi Shridhar , Vasantha Kumari M. M. , Oelmüller Ralf , Nataraja Karaba N. , Venkataramana Ravishankar Kundapura , Ravikanth G. , Uma Shaanker R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEndophytes, both of bacterial and fungal origin, are ubiquitously present in all plants. While their origin and evolution are enigmatic, there is burgeoning literature on their role in promoting growth and stress responses in their hosts. We demonstrate that a salt-tolerant endophyte isolated from salt-adapted Pokkali rice, a Fusarium sp., colonizes the salt-sensitive rice variety IR-64, promotes its growth under salt stress and confers salinity stress tolerance to its host. Physiological parameters, such as assimilation rate and chlorophyll stability index were higher in the colonized plants. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed 1348 up-regulated and 1078 down-regulated genes in plants colonized by the endophyte. Analysis of the regulated genes by MapMan and interaction network programs showed that they are involved in both abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, and code for proteins involved in signal perception (leucine-rich repeat proteins, receptor-like kinases) and transduction (Ca2+ and calmodulin-binding proteins), transcription factors, secondary metabolism and oxidative stress scavenging. For nine genes, the data were validated by qPCR analysis in both roots and shoots. Taken together, these results show that salt-adapted Pokkali rice varieties are powerful sources for the identification of novel endophytes, which can be used to confer salinity tolerance to agriculturally important, but salt-sensitive rice varieties.
Ocean acidification affects microbial community and invertebrate settlement on biofilms
Authors: Nelson Katie S. , Baltar Federico , Lamare Miles D. , Morales Sergio E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIncreased atmospheric CO2 is driving ocean acidification (OA), and potential changes in marine ecosystems. Research shows that both planktonic and benthic communities are affected, but how these changes are linked remains unresolved. Here we show experimentally that decreasing seawater pH (from pH 8.1 to 7.8 and 7.4) leads to reduced biofilm formation and lower primary producer biomass within biofilms. These changes occurred concurrently with a re-arrangement of the biofilm microbial communities. Changes suggest a potential shift from autotrophic to heterotrophic dominated biofilms in response to reduced pH. In a complimentary experiment, biofilms reared under reduced pH resulted in altered larval settlement for a model species (Galeolaria hystrix). These findings show that there is a potential cascade of impacts arising from OA effects on biofilms that may drive important community shifts through altered settlement patterns of benthic species.
Oleuropein Reverses Repeated Corticosterone-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior in mice: Evidence of Modulating Effect on Biogenic Amines
Authors: Badr Amira M. , Attia Hala A. , Al-Rasheed Nouf 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDepression is still one of challenging, and widely encountered disorders with complex etiology. The role of healthy diet and olive oil in ameliorating depression has been claimed. This study was designed to explore the effects of oleuropein; the main constituent of olive oil; on depression-like behaviors that are induced by repeated administration of corticosterone (40 mg/kg, i.p.), once a day for 21 days, in mice. Oleuropein (8, 16, and 32 mg/kg, i.p.) or fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, positive control, i.p.1) was administered 30 minutes prior to corticosterone injection. Sucrose consumption test, open-field test (OFT), tail suspension test (TST), and forced swimming test (FST) were performed. Reduced Glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation, and biogenic amines; serotonin, dopamine, and nor-epinephrine; levels were also analyzed in brain homogenates. Corticosterone treatment induced depression-like behaviors, it increased immobility time in the TST, OFT, and FST, decreased the number of movements in OFT, and decreased sucrose consumption. Corticosterone effect was associated with depletion of reduced glutathione and increase of lipid peroxidation, in addition to modification of biogenic amines; decreased serotonin and dopamine. Oleuropein or fluoxetine administration counteracted corticosterone-induced changes. In conclusion, oleuropein showed a promising antidepressant activity, that is evident by improving corticosterone-induced depression-like behaviors, and normalizing levels of biogenic amines.
Parathyroid hormone-producing cells exist in adipose tissues surrounding the parathyroid glands in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Kakuta Takatoshi , Sawada Kaichiro , Kanai Genta , Tatsumi Ryoko , Miyakogawa Takayo , Ishida Mari , Nakazawa Raima , Fukagawa Masafumi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPossible ectopic parathyroid hormone (PTH) production in adipose tissues surrounding hyperplastic parathyroid glands was examined in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). In vitro culture of adipose tissues from 31 patients excised during parathyroidectomy showed PTH secretion in 23 (74.2%) patients. In vitro PTH secretion was detected in adipose tissues adhered to the parathyroid glands from 22 (71.0%) patients, in not-adhered adipose from 11 (35.5%) and in the thymus from four (28.6%) patients. Immunohistochemistry revealed colonies of PTH- and GCM2-positive cells intricately intertwined with adipocytes in excised adipose tissues prior to culture. When pieces of parathyroid parenchyma from SHPT patients were transplanted into the thyroid of immunodeficient nude rats with induced SHPT, the transplants secreted human PTH for one to three-and-half months after transplantation and expressed adipocyte markers, PPARγ2 and perilipin A, that the transplants did not express prior to transplantation. These findings indicate the importance of thoroughly removing adipose tissues surrounding the parathyroid glands when performing parathyroidectomy. We speculate that these ectopic PTH-producing cells are parathyroid parenchymal cells pushed out from the glands along with adipocyte progenitors during nodular growth of hyperplastic parenchymal cells and that these cells proliferate in SHPT, forming colonies PTH-producing cells intricately intertwined with adipocytes.
Human primary endothelial label-free biochip assay reveals unpredicted functions of plasma serine proteases
Authors: Debreczeni Márta Lídia , Szekacs Inna , Kovacs Boglarka , Saftics Andras , Kurunczi Sándor , Gál Péter , Dobó József , Cervenak László , Horvath Robert 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTissue-on-a-chip technologies are more and more important in the investigation of cellular function and in the development of novel drugs by allowing the direct screening of substances on human cells. Constituting the inner lining of vessel walls, endothelial cells are the key players in various physiological processes, moreover, they are the first to be exposed to most drugs currently used. However, to date, there is still no appropriate technology for the label-free, real-time and high-throughput monitoring of endothelial function. To this end, we developed an optical biosensor-based endothelial label-free biochip (EnLaB) assay that meets all the above requirements. Using our EnLaB platform, we screened a set of plasma serine proteases as possible endothelial cell activators, and first identified the endothelial cell activating function of three important serine proteases – namely kallikrein, C1r and mannan-binding lectin-associated serine-protease 2 (MASP-2) – and verified these results in well-established functional assays. EnLaB proved to be an effective tool for revealing novel cellular mechanisms as well as for the high-throughput screening of various compounds on endothelial cells.
Cryptogenic stroke and atrial fibrillation in a real-world population: the role of insertable cardiac monitors
Authors: De Angelis Maria Vittoria , Di Stefano Vincenzo , Franciotti Raffaella , Furia Nanda , Di Girolamo Enrico , Onofrj Marco , Faustino Massimiliano 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in cryptogenic stroke (CS) patients has been studied in carefully controlled clinical trials, but real-world data are limited. We investigated the incidence of AF in clinical practice among CS patients with an insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) placed for AF detection. Patients with CS admitted to our Stroke Unit were included in the study; they received an ICM and were monitored for up to 3 years for AF detection. All detected AF episodes of at least 120 sec were considered. From March 2016 to March 2019, 58 patients (mean age 68.1 ± 9.3 years, 67% male) received an ICM to detect AF after a CS. No patients were lost to follow-up. AF was detected in 24 patients (41%, AF group mean age 70.8 ± 9.4 years, 62% male) after a mean time of 6 months from ICM (ranging from 2 days to 2 years) and 8 months after CS (ranging from 1 month to 2 years). In these AF patients, anticoagulant treatment was prescribed and nobody had a further stroke. In conclusion, AF episodes were detected via continuous monitoring with ICMs in 41% of implanted CS patients. AF in CS patients is asymptomatic and difficult to diagnose by strategies based on intermittent short-term recordings. Therefore, we suggest that ICMs should be part of daily practice in the evaluation of CS patients.
Ramped pulse shapes are more efficient for cochlear implant stimulation in an animal model
Authors: Navntoft Charlotte Amalie , Marozeau Jeremy , Barkat Tania Rinaldi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn all commercial cochlear implant (CI) devices, the electric stimulation is performed with a rectangular pulse that generally has two phases of opposite polarity. To date, developing new stimulation strategies has relied on the efficacy of this shape. Here, we investigate the potential of a novel stimulation paradigm that uses biophysically-inspired electrical ramped pulses. Using electrically-evoked auditory brainstem response (eABR) recordings in mice, we found that less charge, but higher current level amplitude, is needed to evoke responses with ramped shapes that are similar in amplitude to responses obtained with rectangular shapes. The most charge-efficient pulse shape had a rising ramp over both phases, supporting findings from previous in vitro studies. This was also true for longer phase durations. Our study presents the first physiological data on CI-stimulation with ramped pulse shapes. By reducing charge consumption ramped pulses have the potential to produce more battery-efficient CIs and may open new perspectives for designing other efficient neural implants in the future.