bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytokine Dysregulation Persists in Childhood Post Neonatal Encephalopathy
Authors: Zareen Zunera , Strickland Tammy , Eneaney Victoria Mc , Kelly Lynne A. , McDonald Denise , Sweetman Deirdre , Molloy Eleanor J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Cytokines are possible mediators of neuroinflammation and associated with adverse outcome in neonatal encephalopathy (NE) . Our aim was to explore cytokine response in children with Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE) at school age compared to age-matched controls.
Method: Follow up at school age, children who had NE and age-matched controls were assessed for their cytokine responses and neurodevelopment outcome. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum, [Interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF β, Interferon (IFN)-γ, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), erythropoietin (EPO), IL-10 & IL-1RA] were measured at baseline and in response to in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS: endotoxin).
Results: GM­-CSF, TNF-β, IL-2 IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-18 were significantly elevated at school age following NE (n=40) compared to controls (n=37). A significant rise in GM-CSF, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, & IL-6 were seen in NE group following LPS stimulation. Relative LPS hypo-responsiveness was also noted in children with severe NE with IL-10, VEGF, EPO and TNF-β. Elevated TNF-β was associated with low gross motor scores on assessment at school age.

Conclusion: School-age children post-NE had significantly altered cytokine responses to endotoxin compared to controls. TNF-β was associated with adverse developmental outcomes. This suggests the inflammatory process may persist into childhood and a longer therapeutic window may be available for neuroprotection therapies.
Zerumbone ameliorates behavioral impairments and neuropathology in transgenic APP/PS1 mice by suppressing MAPK signaling
Authors: Li Lei , Wu Xiang-Hui , Zhao Xiao-Jing , Xu Lu , Pan Cai-Long , Zhang Zhi-Yuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background : Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major clinical problem, but there is a distinct lack of effective therapeutic drugs for this disease. We investigated the potential therapeutic effects of zerumbone, a subtropical ginger sesquiterpene, in transgenic APP/PS1 mice, rodent models of AD which exhibit cerebral amyloidosis and neuroinflammation. Methods : The N9 microglial cell line and primary microglial cells were cultured to investigate the effects of zerumbone on microglia. APP/PS1 mice were treated with zerumbone, and non-cognitive and cognitive behavioral impairments were assessed and compared between the treatment and control groups. The animals were then sacrificed, and tissues were collected for further analysis. The potential therapeutic mechanism of zerumbone and the signaling pathways involved were also investigated by RT-PCR, western blot, Nitric oxide detection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. Results : Zerumbone suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and induced a switch in microglial phenotype from the classic inflammatory phenotype to the alternative anti-inflammatory phenotype by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway in vitro . After a treatment period of 20 days, zerumbone significantly ameliorated deficits in both non-cognitive and cognitive behaviors in transgenic APP/PS1 mice. Zerumbone significantly reduced β-amyloid deposition and attenuated pro-inflammatory microglial activation in the cortex and hippocampus. Interestingly, zerumbone significantly increased the proportion of anti-inflammatory microglia among all activated microglia, potentially contributing to reduced β-amyloid deposition by enhancing phagocytosis. Meanwhile, zerumbone also reduced the expression of key molecules of the MAPK pathway, such as p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Conclusions : Overall, zerumbone effectively ameliorated behavioral impairments, attenuated neuroinflammation, and reduced β-amyloid deposition in transgenic APP/PS1 mice. Zerumbone exhibited substantial anti-inflammatory activity in microglial cells and induced a phenotypic switch in microglia from the pro-inflammatory phenotype to the anti-inflammatory phenotype by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway, which may play an important role in its neuroprotective effects. Our results suggest that zerumbone is a potential therapeutic agent for human neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, in particular AD.
Pseudonajide peptide derived from snake venom alters cell envelope integrity interfering on biofilm formation in Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Schneider Rafael , Primon-Barros Muriel , Von Borowski Rafael Gomes , Chat Sophie , Gillet Reynald , Macedo Alexandre José 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The increase of bacterial resistance phenotype cases is a global health problem. New strategies in scientific community must be explored in order to create new treatment alternatives. Animal venoms are a good source for antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are excellent candidates for new antimicrobial drug development. Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptides (CRAMPs) from snake venoms have been studied as a model for the design of new antimicrobial pharmaceuticals at bacterial infections setting.
The Influence of Summertime Heat Waves on Emotional Health
Authors: Huang Huanchun , Deng Xin , Yang Hailin , Chen Tunong , bai lin , Liu Junjie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: With increases in global urbanization and global warming, there are corresponding increases in urban heat island effects. Heat wave disasters are occurring more frequently, posing direct and indirect mental health hazards to urban residents. The impact of high ambient temperatures on emotional health is a scientific problem that needs clarification.
Methods: Data collected through 386 valid emotions questionnaire and temperature data measured on heat wave days were analyzed using GIS, SPSS and MATLAB software to study the influence of heat waves on the negative emotions of middle-aged and older adults (over 40-years-old).
Results: The results indicate that the degree of influence of high temperatures on various negative emotions differs significantly, as some emotional responses tend to fluctuate while others steadily worsen. The progression of emotional responses is distressed > irritable > nervous > hostile. With increasing temperatures, phase-based changes in emotional states occur, with different emotional states corresponding to different temperature thresholds; the temperature thresholds for distress, nervousness, and hostility were shown to be 38°C/43°C, 40°C/44°C, 43°C, respectively.
Conclusions: Ambient temperatures exceeding 35°C have a significant negative impact on the emotional health of middle-aged and older adults. Irritability and nervousness monotonically increase, while distress and hostility tend to fluctuate. This study contributes to the prevention and management of the harmful effects of heat waves on emotions, providing basic information applicable to the design of layouts for urban green spaces to reduce the effects of urban heat islands.
The Effect of Oral Sildenafil Therapy on Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension related to Uncorrected Secundum Atrial Septal Defect: A Quasi Experimental Study
Authors: Hidayati Fera , Gharini Putrika , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan , Dinarti Lucia Kris 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are often measured as an important patient-reported outcome (PRO) in clinical studies. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common complication of atrial septal defect (ASD). This study aimed to compare the HRQoL of PAH related uncorrected secundum ASD at pre and post therapy with oral sildenafil therapy. Methods: We conducted quasi experimental study at Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta since April 2016 to August 2017. Adults with PAH related uncorrected secundum ASD, listed on Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension (COHARD-PH) registry, and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited as subject. Interview was done at pre and 12 weeks post oral sildenafil therapy 3 x 20 mg using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using paired T-test to determine the differences of EQ5D utility and EQVAS score at pre and post therapy. Results: A total of 18 adult patients with PAH related to uncorrected secundum ASD were enrolled in this study (83.33% female; mean age 38.72 ± 10.81 years old). The most frequent reported problems pre therapy were pain/discomfort (83%) and anxiety/depression (78%). Paired T-test results showed the mean value of EQ5D utility score pre and post therapy were 0.558 and 0.664 post therapy (p:0.014; 95% CI 0.024-0.187). Meanwhile, the mean of EQ-VAS pre and post therapy were 65 and 71.67, respectively (p:0.005; 95% CI 2.32-11.02). Conclusion: The administration of oral sildenafil therapy 3 x 20 mg during 12 weeks in adult patients with PAH related uncorrected secundum ASD gives better HRQoL.
The relationship between depression risk perception and self-help behaviors in high risk Canadians: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Warner Emily , Nannarone Molly , Smail-Crevier Rachel , Manuel Douglas , Lashewicz Bonnie , Patten Scott , Schmitz Norbert , MacQueen Glenda , Wang JianLi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Effective self-help may reduce the risk of depression, and risk perception of depression may play a role in initiating self-help. However, it is currently unknown how risk perception is associated with self-help behaviours. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the self-help strategies used by high risk Canadians in relation to the accuracy levels of their perceived depression risk, relative to sex, and (2) identify demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors associated with self-help behaviors.Methods: Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial including 358 men and 356 women at high risk of developing depression were used. Accuracy of risk perception was determined by comparing the participant’s self-perceived and objective risk of developing depression, which was assessed using sex-specific multivariable risk predictive algorithms. The frequency of using 14 self-help strategies was assessed. One-way ANOVA testing was used to determine whether differences in risk perception accuracy groups existed within both male and female participants. Linear regression was used to investigate the clinical and demographic factors which were associated with self-help behaviours in males and females separately.Results: Compared to accurate risk estimators, male over-estimators were less likely to “leave the house daily,” and “participate in activities they enjoy.” Male under-estimators were also less likely to “participate in activities they enjoy.” Both ‘inaccurate’ perception groups in men were more likely to ‘create lists of strategies which have worked for feelings of depression in the past and use them’. There were no significant differences between self-help behaviors and the risk perception accuracy in women. Regression modeling showed negative relationships between self-rated health and self-help scores, irrespective of sex. In women, self-help score was positively associated with age, and educational attainment, and negatively associated with perceived risk. In men, a positive relationship with unemployment was also seen. Conclusions: Sex differences exist in the factors associated with self-help. The accuracy of risk perception, work status, and self-rated health is associated with self-help behaviors in high risk men. Factors which may be related to self-help in women include age, education, self-rated health status, and perceived risk. More research is needed to replicate the findings.
Intestinal Parasites And Associated Factors Among Food Handlers&nbsp;&nbsp;In Mizan-Aman Town, Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Adraro Wasihun , Mamo Girma , Mamo Aklilu , Muluken Mesenbet , Sahile Samuel , Derkiyab Esrael , Toru Tigistu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: - Food borne diseases are a challenge for both developed and developing countries and are a leading cause of illnesses and deaths in developing countries. Regardless of concentrative hard work for several years, food borne diseases has remained a major global public health issue with substantial morbidity and mortality associated with the consumption of contaminated food staffs. Parasitic infection is among the major disease especially in developing countries and sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. Objective: -This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors among food handlers working in food and drink establishments at Mizan Aman town southwest Ethiopia. Method:- A community based cross sectional study design was employed. Four hundred eighteen study participants were randomly selected from a total of 209 foods and drinks establishment in Mizan Aman Town, Bench Maji Zone, and Southwest Ethiopia. Epidata version 3.1 used for data entry while SPSS version 21 used for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis carried out ; predictor variables at 95 % CI using p –value ≤0.05 were declared as statistically significant. Result: Among 399 participants, 203(50.9%) were female and 194(49.1%) were male. Almost half 194 (48.6 %) of the participants age was below 20 years . The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among the study subjects was 26.1% ; from this Ascaris lumbricoides 7.3% and Teniasis species 5% were the predominant parasites identified from the stool of study participants. Conclusion: The study identified high prevalence of intestinal parasites among study participants who worked for less than one year duration , wear hand jewelry, not practice hand washing routinely, not wearing hair net, food preparation during sickness and use the same equipment for raw and cooked food serving. Training about safe food handling and other hygienic practices should be encouraged for better personal and community health status. On the other hand, all concerned should pay attention to safe guard consumers’ health. Key terms: - Intestinal parasites, Food handlers, Food and drink establishment
Psychometric properties of the Farsi translation of Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire(MAPP-QOL).
Authors: Tahereh Mokhtarian-Gilani , Kariman Nourossadat , Hamid Sharif Nia , Ozgoli Giti , Doulabi Mahbobeh Ahmadi , Malihe Nasiri 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background and Objective Many studies have been conducted in Iran on the postpartum quality of life, and the majority have used the general quality of life questionnaire. With a specific tool in this context, the dimensions of maternal postpartum quality of life can be more accurately determined. The present study was conducted to determine psychometric properties and validation of the Farsi version of Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life (MAPP-QOL). Materials and Methods The present methodological study was conducted in 2018. The original version of MAPP-QOL was translated into Farsi by backward method. Ina cross-sectional study, the Farsi version was completed by 407 eligible postpartum women with 1-3 weeks infant, aged 18 to 47 living the city of Tehran. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and retest. For construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used. Results The MAPP-QOL showed good content validity; content validity ratio (CVR) ranged from 0.6 to 1.00 and content validity index (CVI) ranged from 0.7 to 1.00. Using exploratory factor analysis, five factors were extracted, including Socioeconomic; Relational/Family-Friends; Psychological/Baby; and Health & Functioning ; relational/ spouse-partner. which together explained 78.84% of total variance. After modifications of CFA, all goodness of fit indices confirmed the model fit (χ2 = 1677.57; N = 200; df= 644, P < 0.001; PCFI = 0.831; PNFI = 0.786; CMIN/DF = 2.604; RMSEA = 0.051; IFI = 0.908, CFI = 0.907) . The Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega, Composit reliability and maximum reliability H of the five extracted factors were excellent (0.9<). Also the AIC values of factors were good (between 0.721 to 0.859) . All of factors had an convergent and divergent validity. Conclusion Appropriate psychometric properties and factor construct of the questionnaire were confirmed. Hence, MAPP-QOL can be used as a suitable tool in Iranian postpartum women.
Mutant POLQ and POLZ/REV3L DNA polymerases may contribute to favorable survival of tumors with POLE mutations outside the exonuclease domain
Authors: Knudsen Beatrice , Huang Fangjin , Tanaka Hisashi , Rutgers Joanne 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Tumors with mutations in the exonuclease domain of POLE are associated with ultrahigh mutation rates. POLE mutant tumors are best characterized in intestinal and uterine cancers and are associated with a prominent immune infiltrate and favorable prognosis. To determine whether mutations in other DNA polymerases cooperate with POLE mutations to generate the ultramutator phenotype, we analyzed exome sequence data from 15 cancer types with POLE mutations in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).Results: 36% of POLE mutant tumors, predominantly colorectal, stomach and endometrial cancers carried mutations in POLQ (E/Q) and/or POLZ/REV3L (E/Z). Mutation burden, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, tumor stage, disease free survival and immune scores were evaluated in these tumors. Compared to the POLE-only mutant tumors, tumors with E/Q, E/Z, and E/Q/Z mutations possessed significantly higher overall mutation frequencies (p < 0.001) and increased frequencies of mutations within the POLE exonuclease domain (p = 0.013). E/Q, E/Z, and E/Q/Z mutant colorectal, stomach and endometrial tumors within the TCGA cohort demonstrated 100% disease-free survival, even if mutations occurred outside the POLE exonuclease domain (p = 0.003). However, immune scores were related to microsatellite instability (MSI) and not POLE mutation status, suggesting that mechanisms in addition to host immune response may contribute to the prolonged disease-free survival.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that POLE mutant tumors can be further substratified for outcomes prediction based on additional mutations in POLQ and ERV3L.
G6PD and HBB polymorphisms in Senegalese population: prevalence and correlations with clinical malaria
Authors: thiam Fatou , Diop Gora , Coulanges Cedric , Derbois Celine , Mbengue Babacar , Ndiaye Rokhaya , Thiam Alassane , Dieye Yakhya , Nguer Cheikh Momar , Cabannes Eric , Zagury Jean-François , Deleuze Jean-François , Dieye Alioune 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Several genetic polymorphisms were reported to be prevalent among populations living in tropical endemic regions and induce protection against malaria. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of key malaria-protective polymorphisms in G6PD and HBB genes in a Senegalese population. Methods We performed a retrospective study in 323 samples from patients recruited in hospitals located in three different endemic areas where malaria episodes were confirmed. Patients enrolled were classified in two groups: severe (153 patients) and uncomplicated malaria (170 patients). PCR and DNA sequencing assessed host genetic polymorphisms in HBB and G6PD. Using a multivariate regression and additive model, estimates the impact of human HBB and G6PD polymorphisms on malaria incidence were performed. Results We identified 12 SNPs in HBB gene. Among them, 6 SNPs (rs7946748, rs7480526, rs10768683, rs35209591, HbS (rs334) and rs713040) were detected with high frequencies in global population. The MAF of the sickle cell HbS polymorphism was estimated to 0.026, 0.069 and 0.035; and HbC polymorphism was estimated to be 0, 0.009, 0.029, in SM, UM and CTR group respectively. The MAF of G6PD deficiency polymorphisms such as G6PD-202 G>A were 0.022, 0.032 and 0.018 in SM, UM and CTR, respectively. Analysis of selected HbS polymorphism showed significant association with protection against severe malaria with a significant p-value = 0.033 (OR 0.38, 95%CI: 0.16–0.91). Surprisingly, HbC polymorphism is not a protective variant in our population. Finally, we found that the selected SNPs were associated to biological parameters such as PNE, PNB and lymphocytes. Conclusion Our data report at the first time the prevalence of HBB and G6PD mutations in senegalese population. These deficiencies are very common in West Africa endemic regions such as Gambia, Mali and Burkina Faso. Our findings show the important role of genetic factors in malaria outcome and these genetic markers could be good tools for malaria diagnosis and prognosis. Keywords : severe malaria, HBB, G6PD, Polymorphisms, Senegal, severe malaria.
Comprehensive Medical Support In Complex Emergencies (CMSCE): Pilot course review
Authors: V John Michael Quinn , Reinwald Michael , Annan Percy , Aapore Thomas , Wilson James , Bourdeaux Margaret Ellis , Ulrichs Timo , Moore Alan , Oteng Sophia , Goebbels Stefan , Bricknell Martin CM , Haggenmiller Christian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Global threats to health and health security are growing. Fragile and failed states, armed groups, ungoverned spaces, outbreaks and potential unknown “Disease X” threats, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), hybrid and gray zone conflict all exacerbate complex medical emergencies. These growing threats increase preventable morbidity and mortality of the most vulnerable populations. In an effort to promote best practices and to standardize response and to mitigate preventable death and morbidity, The Kofi Annan International Peacekeeping Training Centre (KAIPTC), with support from multiple international partners and a volunteer facilitator faculty, administered the pilot course entitled, “ Comprehensive Medical Support in Complex Emergencies (CMSCE 19) .” This brief review paper provides a description of the process in designing and delivering an interdisciplinary course for providers and decision makers responding to complex emergencies. We conclude with best practices and next steps for course evolution.