bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factorial experiment of slope stability under slope-top loading and heavy rainfall
Authors: Feng Xu , Li Ming , Ma Pengjie , Li Yong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Because the slope-top loading and heavy rainfall are both important factors inducing slope landslides and another geologic hazard. it is necessary to analyze factorial experiment of the slope stability under the slope-top loading and heavy rainfall. Taking a lope engineering of a municipal roads as an example, the stability of the slope was calculated based on the strength reduction method with FEM and Midas-GTS (SRM), and then the double-factor factorial experiment with repeated tests was used to analyze the stability of the slope. The stability results show that, when rainfall conditions remain unchanged, the slope-top loading is applied, and the safety coefficient is reduced by 16%∼21%. When the slope-top loading remains unchanged and the rainfall is strengthened, the security coefficient decreases by 10%∼19%.The analysis shows that the maximum shear strain of the slope is significantly affected by the slope- top loading and rainfall on the top of the slope. The effect of the slope-top loading on the maximum horizontal displacement of the slope is not significant. The effect of heavy rainfall on the maximum displacement of slope is very significant. The combined effect of slope-top loading and heavy rainfall on the maximum horizontal displacement of the slope is significant. Generally speaking, heavy rainfall is the main factor affecting the slope safety. Under the interaction of two factors, the slope stability is poor. In the future, attention should be paid to some local projects such as slope drainage in landslide control and prevention.
Research Progress of Removal of Pollutants from Wastewater by Zero-valent Aluminum
Authors: Yang Jinhui , Li Chuanshu , Dai Yanghong , Yang Bin , Lei Zengjiang , Luo Yi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In recent years, the use of zero-valent metals (ZVMs) to treat environmental pollutants has been a research hotspot in the field of environment.Zero valent aluminium (ZVAl) has attracted much attention due to its lower redox potential and amphoteric properties (reaction pH can be extended to alkaline) than other metals. In this paper, zero-valent aluminium and its composite materials are used to treat pollutants in wastewater, including phenols, organic halides, azo dyes organic pollutants and perchlorate, Cr(VI), As(III) inorganic pollutants. The removal effect and reaction mechanism were also clarified. The existing problems and bottlenecks of this method are further discussed, and the development direction and application prospect of zero-valent metal aluminium redox technology are prospected.
The Study of Evaluation and Prediction of China’s Crude Oil’s Safety Based on the Degree of Foreign Dependence
Authors: Yong Zhu , Tong Chen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the blood of industry, crude oil, to a large extent, determines the security and development of a country. China has been importing very much overseas crude oil for a long time, making it strongly necessary to study China’s crude oil safety. Therefore, based on the degree of foreign dependence, the regular curves of overseas import crude oil and China’s crude oil consumption are computed by numerical fitting to evaluate and predict the safety of China’s crude oil, and the results show that (1)the degree of foreign dependence of China’s crude oil is higher than the international average value, 20%, for a long time, and (2)it has exceeded the international high security warning line by 50% since 2009 and reached nearlly 70% at 2017, probably soaring to 90% in 2020. So, China’s overseas crude oil has been in a highly dangerous state for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the degree of foreign dependence of China’s crude oil to improve the safety of China’s crude oil with the following aspects: (1)developing and making use of alternative green energy, and (2)improving the efficiency of crude oil utilization and strengthening secondary and multiple use of the crude oil.
Economic performance evaluation of an active solar heat storage-release system for heating Chinese Solar Greenhouses
Authors: Lu Wei , Zhang Yi , Fang Hui , Zhou Bo , Cheng Ruifeng , Yang Qichang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, the economic and environmental performance of four active solar heat storage-release (AHS) systems compared with four other conventional heating systems (as practical options in northern China) were investigated in an experimental test of their ability to store energy during the daytime and heat a Chinese solar greenhouse (CSG) at night during the cold winter in northern China. The case-4 AHS performed best in terms of economic performance compared with the other three designs and four other conventional heating systems. However, future investigations of the long-term performance and environmental impact of AHS heating in greenhouses are needed and further improvements must be developed.
Effects of continuous grafting on nutrient absorption of cutting seedlings of Nasturtium officinale
Authors: Zheng Yangxia , Li Keqiang , Liao Ming’an , Lin Lijin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of continuous grafting on nutrient absorption of cutting seedlings of Nasturtium officinale. The result showed that the N content of root, stem, leaf and shoot of N. officinale of one time grafting could significantly improve compared with the ungrafted. The content P and K of stem, leaf and shoot of N. officinale of one time grafting could significantly improve the content of P and K compared with the ungrafted. And N, P and K content in different parts of N. officinale of two times grafting and three times grafting was lower than the ungrafted. Therefore, the stem, leaf and shoot of N. officinale of one time grafting could significantly improve the nutrient absorption of cutting seedlings of N. officinale.
Evaluation of Energy Consumption Status and Energy-Saving Effect in the Industry of Transportation in China
Authors: Wang Chengjie , Zhang Yunpeng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper has analyzed the trends of total energy consutmption and energy consumption structure in the industy of transport in China since 2005. Energy saving quantity in the industry of transportation since the “11th Five-Year Plan” has been measured, combined with energy-saving policies and key energy-saving measurement introduced by the transportation industry, and based on the trend of energy consumption which are derived from the unit turnover and comprehensive turnover under the four modes of transportation of roads, railways, waterways and civil aviation since 2005.The research results provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of energy consumption and energy saving in the industry of transportation, which provide reference for relevant research by government and related industry workers.
Preparation of VCAP/AMPS/DMDAAC/AM Quaternary Copolymer Filtrate Reducer for Drilling Fluids
Authors: Zhuang Wei , Wang Xin , Ma Zhongyong , Jiao Yongming , Wang Zhibin , Cao Weiqiang , Dai Zhiwen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
It is difficult for existing filtrate reducer to meet oilfield application requirements. Based on the molecular structure design principle of temperature-resistant vinyl copolymer, a quaternary copolymer filtrate reducer has been developed with VCAP, AMPS, DMDAAC and AM as monomers through water solution copolymerization using redox initiation system. The optimum synthesis conditions were as follows: the mole ratio of monomer was VCAP/AMPS/DMDAAC/AM=1:1:1:9, reaction temperature was 70°C, reaction time was 6 h, initiator mass ratio was 0.2% and total monomer mass ratio was 20%. The filtration loss of base slurry with 1wt% optimum synthetic product after aging at 150 °C for 16 h was 5.2 mL.
Study on the flocculation condition of Poly-Silicate-Aluminum-Ferric (PSiAF) coagulant prepared with coal gangue as raw material
Authors: Yang Yuping , Zeng Furong , Zhao Qingcai , Zhang Yuanfei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Si, Al, Fe were leached from coal gangue to prepare Poly-silicate-aluminum-ferric (PSiAF) coagulant. The optimal dosage and the most adaptive pH value was explored when PSAF was used to treat simulated wastewater, simulated dyeing wastewater and domestic sewage respectively. The flocculation conditions of PSiAF were investigated with the removal efficiency of turbidity, CODCr or chrominance as the inspecting parameters. The experiment results show that, when PSiAF was usede to treat the three kinds of water sample, the optimal dosage is 1.2ml/L, and the most adaptive pH is 8 for simulation wastewater, under this condition, the turbidity removal ratio was 76.04%, the CODCr removal ratio was 58.33%. There is no decolorization effect for simulation dyeing wastewater, and PSiAF is not suitable for simulation dyeing wastewater. the optimal dosage is 8.0ml/L, and the most adaptive pH is 6 for domestic sewage, under this condition, the turbidity removal ratio was 67.25.04%, the CODCr removal ratio was 46.15%.
Preparation of Portland cement with high compressive and tensile strength by the synergistic effect between micron-size green silicon carbide and micro steel fiber
Authors: Li Hao , Shi Yongmin , Jiao Zhiyi , Chen Jiahui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A composite material was prepared with high compressive and tensile strength,which was composed primarily of Class G oil well cement,superfine cement,and microfine cement,using a simple mixing method.The compressive strength of the material was maintained by the micron-size green silicon carbide, and the tensile strength was enhanced by the micro steel fiber. The strength test results on day 28 showed that the compressive and tensile strength of the material increased from 44 MPa to 74 MPa and from 3.6 MPa to 18.3 MPa compared with the material without the addition of micron-size green silicon carbide. In addition, the composite material was characterized by various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and measurement of physical adsorption porosity and specific surface area. We also analyzed the sliding contact angle and the work of adhesion of the material. We found that the micron-size green silicon carbide was adsorbed to the surface of calcium hydroxide (the hydration product of cement) by intermolecular forces. The hydration of cement in the later stage and the hardened structure of the cement were improved, thus increasing the strength of the cement.
Research Status of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Chelating Materials
Authors: Wu Qiang , Wang Yuansheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper reviewed the research status of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based chelating materials. The preparation methods of PVA chelating materials was introduced including graft copolymerization,blending precipitation, interpenetrating network crosslinking and mechanical melting. The adsorption characteristics of PVA chelating materials were analyzed while the development was proposed.
Effects of different drying conditions on volatile components of Pericarpium Arecae
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Liu Yang-yang , Gong Xiao , Zhou Wei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the present study, the different drying temperatures and time on volatile components of Pericarpium Arecae (PA) were quantitatively and qualitatively analysed by headspace solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The matching similarity retrieval libraries and retention index (RI) were used to characterize the unknown compounds; and the contents of each component were determined by internal standard method. Finally, the significance among groups was inspected by through ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range tests. As the results showed, 23 main characteristic volatile compounds were separated and identified, including esters, organic acids, aldehydes, alcohols and alkaloids. It was found that drying at different temperatures had a great impact on esters, organic acids, aldehydes and alcohols. And there was a significant difference among the groups. Therefore, through the accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of volatile components in PA dry products, it is helpful to evaluate and judge the whole process, and provide a theoretical basis for its further development and utilization.
Quantitative Identification of Urban Functional Areas in Downtown Area of Changchun Based on POI Data
Authors: Zhen Quan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the information era, the distribution pattern of point of interest (POI) data points in urban space is of great reference significance in urban infrastructure planning and urban spatial analysis, providing a basis for studying the identification of urban functional areas. With the downtown area of Changchun as the research object, the POI data was quantified according to the classification of the urban functional areas, identifying the urban functional areas in the downtown area of Changchun. The experimental results were compared with the current urban land use maps in Changchun to demonstrate the feasibility of the experimental method. Compared with traditional methods, this method features fast analysis speed and digital attributes, which is of certain value for urban geospatial planning.
Semantic segmentation network of uav image based on improved U-net
Authors: Liu Ziyi , Huang Jin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The u-net, which is popular in the field of deep learning, is improved on the basis of the Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) [1]. U-net [2] was first published in the field of medical image, because the network has many advantages, so many scholars put their migration to use on the other computer vision problems, finding its on different problems still show the excellent performance. In this paper, U-net is applied to the problem of uav image processing, and the semantic segmentation of uav images at pixel level is carried out to identify the types of ground objects and the pixels contained in them. In order to increase the recognition accuracy of neural network, this paper proposes an improved network model based on u-net, and applies it to this problem. By training, verifying and testing the same small sample data set, it is found that the improved network has better recognition accuracy than U-net.
An Emerging Clone, Klebsiellapneumoniae Carbapenemase 2–Producing K. pneumoniae Sequence Type 16, Associated With High Mortality Rates in a CC258-Endemic Setting
Authors: Andrey Diego O , Pereira Dantas Priscila , Martins Willames B S , Marques De Carvalho Fabíola , Almeida Luiz Gonzaga Paula , Sands Kirsty , Portal Edward , Sauser Julien , Cayô Rodrigo , Nicolas Marisa F , Vasconcelos Ana Tereza R , Medeiros Eduardo A , Walsh Timothy R , Gales Ana C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a global priority, not least in low- and middle-income countries. Here, we report the emergence and clinical impact of a novel Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase–producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-KP) sequence type (ST) 16 clone in a clonal complex (CC) 258–endemic setting.

Methods
In a teaching Brazilian hospital, a retrospective cohort of adult KPC-KP bloodstream infection (BSI) cases (January 2014 to December 2016) was established to study the molecular epidemiology and its impact on outcome (30-day all-cause mortality). KPC-KP isolates underwent multilocus sequence typing. Survival analysis between ST/CC groups and risk factors for fatal outcome (logistic regression) were evaluated. Representative isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing and had their virulence tested in a Galleria larvae model.

Results
One hundred sixty-five unique KPC-KP BSI cases were identified. CC258 was predominant (66%), followed by ST16 (12%). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 60%; in contrast, 95% of ST16 cases were fatal. Patients’ severity scores were high and baseline clinical variables were not statistically different across STs. In multivariate analysis, ST16 (odds ratio [OR], 21.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3–202.8; P = .008) and septic shock (OR, 11.9; 95% CI, 4.2–34.1; P &lt; .001) were independent risk factors for fatal outcome. The ST16 clone carried up to 14 resistance genes, including blaKPC-2 in an IncFIBpQIL plasmid, KL51 capsule, and yersiniabactin virulence determinants. The ST16 clone was highly pathogenic in the larvae model.

Conclusions
Mortality rates were high in this KPC-KP BSI cohort, where CC258 is endemic. An emerging ST16 clone was associated with high mortality. Our results suggest that even in endemic settings, highly virulent clones can rapidly emerge demanding constant monitoring.
Simultaneous Evaluation of Diagnostic Assays for Pharyngeal and Rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis Using a Master Protocol
Authors: Doernberg Sarah B , Komarow Lauren , Tran Thuy Tien T , Sund Zoe , Pandori Mark W , Jensen David , Tsalik Ephraim L , Deal Carolyn D , Chambers Henry F , Fowler Vance G , Evans Scott R , Patel Robin , Klausner Jeffrey D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Pharyngeal and rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis play important roles in infection and antibacterial resistance transmission, but no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–cleared assays for detection at these sites existed prior to this study. The objective was to estimate performance of assays to detect those infections in pharyngeal and rectal specimens to support regulatory submission.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional, single-visit study of adults seeking sexually transmitted infection testing at 9 clinics in 7 states. We collected pharyngeal and rectal swabs from participants. The primary outcome was positive and negative percent agreement for detection of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis for 3 investigational assays compared to a composite reference. Secondary outcomes included positivity as well as positive and negative predictive values and likelihood ratios. Subgroup analyses included outcomes by symptom status and sex.

Results
A total of 2598 participants (79% male) underwent testing. We observed N. gonorrhoeae positivity of 8.1% in the pharynx and 7.9% in the rectum and C. trachomatis positivity of 2.0% in the pharynx and 8.7% in the rectum. Positive percent agreement ranged from 84.8% to 96.5% for different anatomic site infection combinations, whereas negative percent agreement was 98.8% to 99.6%.

Conclusions
This study utilized a Master Protocol to generate diagnostic performance data for multiple assays from different manufacturers in a single study population, which ultimately supported first-in-class FDA clearance for extragenital assays. We observed very good positive percent agreement when compared to a composite reference method for the detection of both pharyngeal and rectal N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02870101.
Does Addition of Intravenous Metronidazole to Oral Vancomycin Improve Outcomes in Clostridioides difficile Infection?
Authors: Wang Ying , Schluger Aaron , Li Jianhua , Gomez-Simmonds Angela , Salmasian Hojjat , Freedberg Daniel E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Guidelines recommend adding intravenous (IV) metronidazole to oral vancomycin for fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). In this study, we compared dual therapy with IV metronidazole and vancomycin vs vancomycin monotherapy. We assessed prevalence of use and effectiveness of dual therapy in nonfulminant and fulminant CDI.

Methods
This was a 2-center retrospective study conducted from 2010 to 2018. Adult inpatients were included if they had a positive C. difficile polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performed on an unformed stool and received vancomycin within 2 days of testing. Patients were classified as having received dual therapy if IV metronidazole was given within the same time window, and otherwise classified as vancomycin monotherapy. The primary outcome was death or colectomy within 90 days after the index test. Logistic regression modeling was used to adjust for CDI severity and other established predictors of CDI outcomes. CDI recurrence was examined as a secondary outcome, adjusting for death as a competing risk.

Results
The study included 2114 patients (dual therapy, 993; monotherapy, 1121); 23% met the primary outcome. There was no association between dual therapy and the primary outcome (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], .79–1.45), which remained true when the analysis was restricted to patients with fulminant CDI (aOR, 1.17; 95% CI, .65–2.10). There was also no association between dual therapy and CDI recurrence.

Conclusions
Dual therapy with IV metronidazole and vancomycin was common for nonfulminant and fulminant CDI but was not associated with improved outcomes compared with vancomycin alone.
BUILDING CAPACITY TO CARE FOR OLDER PEOPLE! HOW IS CARE OF THE OLDER PERSON TAUGHT IN AUSTRALIAN SCHOOLS OF NURSING?
Authors: Fetherstonhaugh Deirdre M , Rayner Jo-anne , Beattie Elizabeth , Harrington Ann , Jeon Yun-Hee , Moyle Wendy , Parker Deborah , Toye Chris 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the Australian population ages the demand for nursing care which focuses on responding to the needs of the older person will increase. Few newly graduated Registered Nurses (RNs) currently enter the aged care workforce and few select a career in caring for older people; yet older people are the largest patient group in most health care environments. This research, conducted by the Australian Hartford Consortium of Gerontological Nursing Excellence (Aus-HCGNE), explored how care of the older person is currently taught in Australian schools of nursing (SoN). The interview guide included questions about: whether care of the older person is taught in separate subjects or integrated across the curriculum; academics’ qualifications; subject content; and aged care clinical placements. The head of each of the 33 Australian schools of nursing was contacted, invited to participate and asked to nominate the appropriate academics (undergraduate/curriculum co-ordinators) who would be the most appropriate person to participate in the interview. These academics were then contacted, written informed consent was obtained, interviews were scheduled and completed. This research is timely given the current Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety in Australia, one focus of which is nurses in residential aged care in respect to numbers, education and competence. This research will be completed by mid-2019. The results will be fed back to SoN to inform the development of their curricula and the preparation of future RNs who will undoubtably need to be expert in the care of older people across the health sector.
TRAINING AT WORK: THE IMPACT OF INTERNALIZED AGEISM
Authors: Vickerstaff Sarah A , van der Horst Mariska F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
It is well documented that seniors receive less work based training than younger counterparts. Studies have assessed the extent to which managers afford access to training because of stereotypes about older workers being less trainable or interested in training. Less is known about the degree to which individuals have internalised age stereotypes and self-stereotype which impacts their attitudes about training. In this work place based study, through analysis of interviews with older workers we examine the extent to which internalised ageism is an inhibitor for seeking further training. We examine the role of gender and work setting. The data includes 185 participants in five different UK organisations in blue collar, white collar, managerial, manufacturing and services sectors. There is some evidence that older workers may feel that they are less deserving and less capable of training and development with implications for policy in this field.