bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism Analysis of Small Box Girder Diseases and Summary of Reinforcement Treatment Strategies
Authors: Li Kuan , Zheng Yuanxun , Liu Chengyong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the vigorous development of bridge construction in China, the structure of bridges is also more abundant. Among them, the prefabricated small box girder has been widely used in engineering fields at home and abroad due to its large section torsional strength, bending strength, and low cost and fast construction speed. However, due to poor design and improper construction in the early stage, coupled with the vehicle over-aging and inadequate material maintenance, the prefabricated small box girder bridges have different degrees of disease, how to study the disease generation mechanism and take targeted reinforcement. The treatment strategy is related to the safety of transportation in China. In this paper, the statistical analysis of the disease of small box girder in active service is carried out, and the mechanism of various diseases is analyzed and summarized. On this basis, the common methods of reinforcement and treatment of small box girder in China are comprehensively analyzed. The research results of this paper have important reference value for mastering the causes of the disease of small box girder in China’s expressway and the corresponding reinforcement strategy.
The Fast Algorithm of Running Stability in Mechanical Analysis of High Speed Railway
Authors: Wang Jinhua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The running stability of high-speed railway is the goal of operators and vehicle manufacturers, so the running stability of high-speed railway is an important part of vehicle dynamics analysis. The stability analysis involves a lot of working conditions and suspension parameters, and the analysis workload is huge. Therefore, in this paper, the random vibration and running stability of high-speed trains are taken as the research object, and the relevant fast algorithm of responding to the power spectrum of high-speed railway vehicles is derived through the virtual excitation method, so as to realize the running stability research of high-speed railway vehicles. In this paper, the vertical and horizontal response power spectrum and stability index of a high-speed train are analyzed. Finally, the stability index is used to analyze the dynamic performance of the train at the same time, and the line test results of the dynamic performance of the train are evaluated. The research results show that the simple and efficient analysis algorithm is helpful to improve the analysis efficiency and reduce the simulation calculation time.
Neutral Grounding Fault Line Selection Algorithms for Low Voltage Side of Distribution Transformers in Civil Buildings
Authors: Xu Jing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The neutral grounding fault line selection of low-voltage side of distribution transformer in civil buildings is of great significance in the field of power system. It is necessary to analyze the grounding fault of distribution transformer in civil buildings, calculate the current energy of distribution transformer by using the frequency coefficient of wavelet packet decomposition, and analyze the current fault components of grounding fault phase and sound phase, get the energy ratio of grounding fault current component, and complete the grounding fault of distribution transformer. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can reasonably judge the fault line of distribution transformer nodes, and has a high accuracy in the selection of grounding faults.
Construction Quality Control of Highway’s Civil Engineering
Authors: Shen Zhifeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to improve the construction quality of highway’s civil engineering, a construction quality control model based on self-adaptive equilibrium game is proposed to improve the construction quality of highway’s civil engineering. The constraint parameter model of construction quality control is constructed, and the fuzzy decision function of construction quality control of highway’s civil engineering is established by combining the game equilibrium method of cost control and quality control. The optimal control of the construction quality of highway’s civil engineering is realized by using the method of correlation constraint and autocorrelation game. The simulation results show that the model can effectively predict and control the quality of highway’s civil engineering, the precision is high, the construction cost is reduced and the construction quality is improved.
Rigid Dynamic Load of the Crane Lifting Mechanism When the Series Resistance Starts
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Jin Haibin , Li Xing , Tian Jinjin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith the development of economy, industry and manufacturing industry play an important role in China’s economy. As the most extensive machinery in the industry and manufacturing industry, the development of crane will inevitably affect the development of the whole industry, so how to improve the performance of crane and how to carry out a wide range of analysis has become the current problem to be solved. Starting from the crane, this paper focuses on the study of the rigid dynamic load coefficient when the series resistance of the lifting mechanism of the crane starts, and analyzes the influence of these coefficients on the performance of the crane. In this paper, the big data analysis method is put forward firstly, and the change of rigid dynamic load coefficient when the chain resistance of crane hoisting mechanism starts in China’s industry and manufacturing industry in the past 10 years is analyzed. Secondly, the concept and classification of crane are briefly summarized. The crane is mainly divided into two types, one is tire crane, the other is bridge crane. Then this paper establishes the system model and the mathematical model of the crane lifting transmission system. Through the analysis of the system model, we can get the relationship between the rigid dynamic load coefficient α and φ, and the relationship between β and φ. Their relationship is that the growth rate of the rigid dynamic load is slowed down after α is greater than 5, and the starting torque multiple and the rigid dynamic load coefficient are linear.
Corrosion Failure Analysis of Electrical Equipment in Distribution Power System under High Temperature and High Humidity Environment
Authors: Shi Xuntao , Ke Qingpai , Lei Jinyong , Yuan Zhiyong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The problem of corrosion failure of distribution automation terminal in hot and humid environment is very prominent, which seriously restricts the development of smart grid in southern power grid. Therefore, this paper chooses three overhead FTU terminals as the research object to study characteristics of corrosion failure of distribution automation terminal. The corrosion failure analysis was carried out by SEM and EDS. EDS data showed that the content of oxygen in corrosion region was significantly higher than the slight corrosion region, the presence of sulfur and chlorine indicated that the corrosion environment was mainly a humid environment containing sulfur and chlorine. SEM found that the corrosion failure of terminal equipment is mainly due to the environment such as high temperature, humidity, chloride ion and sulfur. At the same time, the exposure of substrate is caused by the damage of plating layer or leakage plating which was further development of corrosion. Therefore, according to the corrosion characteristics of distribution automation terminal in hot and humid environment, the corresponding protective measures ensuring the safe operation of distribution automation system is proposed, which can extend the service life of distribution automation terminal and provide reliable basis for the future empirical test.
Effect of Saline-Alkali and Drought Stress on Seed Germination of Haloxylon Ammodendron*
Authors: Xu Te , He Kangning , Wang Hui , Zhang Tan , Chang Bo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the problems of desertification and salinization in the Qaidam Basin, this paper studies the coupled stress of saline-alkali and drought conditions on the seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron from Qaidam provenance, and clarifies the comprehensive effect of salt, alkali and drought stress on Haloxylon ammodendron seed germination vigor. It provides a reference for the research on the resistance of Haloxylon ammodendron and provides a theoretical basis for improving the breeding efficiency of Haloxylon ammodendron population in the area of bad situation.
Fault Diagnosis and Maintenance Skills of Electrical Control System
Authors: Lu Chengfei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the advancement of industry and technology and the support of advanced technological processes, electrical control system has undergone tremendous changes. Various technologies constitute advanced technology, and their integration into electrical control system enables industrial business to be developed better. However, due to the late start of industrialization in China, there are still inadequate researches, and it is not mature enough to deal with faults in electrical control. The author first introduces the relevant content of electrical control system, then briefly introduces the electrical fault inspection and diagnosis technology, and finally discusses how to repair the electrical control system.
The Volcanic Rock Is Identified Automatically Using the Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Chi Huanzhao , Xue Xiaogang , Dong Fuxiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
According to the well logging, drilling, and 3D seismic data, we identified the volcanic rock automatically by computer. The recognition system was an image recognition technology based on deep learning algorithm based on seismic data. During the identification process, the 3d seismic data are disassembled into 2d seismic profile by seismic interpretation technique in Dehui Fault Depression of Songliao Basin. And then, we think it was a two-dimensional picture as learning samples, classification of seismic data, establishment of labels, forming a training set. The training set is deeply learned to generate automatic recognition model. Finally, according to the generated automatic identification model, the volcanic rock is realized automatically based on seismic data.
Comparison of Catalytic Conversion Characteristics of Different Integrated Aftertreatment Systems in Diesel Engine
Authors: He Naifeng , Jiang Zhongfeng , Ning Zhi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Pollutants such as NOx, HC, CO, and PM emitted by diesel engines will cause serious air pollution. In order to reduce the exhaust emissions of diesel engines, there are mainly DOC, DPF, SCR, AOC, etc. for the after-treatment technology of the engine. Therefore, the use of integrated aftertreatment systems has become a necessary choice. At present, the layout schemes of integrated aftertreatment systems for diesel engines mainly include DOC + DPF + SCR + AOC, DOC + SCR + DPF + AOC, DOC + CDPF + SCR + AOC, DOC + SCR + DPF + AOC, etc. When processing the system, each sub-aftertreatment system will generate a mutual coupling effect. This coupling interference may promote the system’s conversion effect to the pollutants, and it may also weaken the system’s conversion effect on the pollutants. The catalytic conversion characteristics of the integrated aftertreatment system are closely related to exhaust parameters and layout schemes. In this paper, simulation methods are used to compare and study the effects of the above four integrated post-treatment systems on the catalytic conversion characteristics of various pollutants under different exhaust parameters.
Process Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Salvia Plebeian Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Xu Botong , Tao Ren , Huang Zhichun , Zhu Dianfan , Liu Junxia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Flavonoids were extracted from Salvia plebeian by the microwave method, the process was optimized by Response Surface Methodology. On the basis of single factor experiment, ethanol concentration, microwave power, extraction time, material to liquid ratio were selected as independent variables, and the extraction content of homoplantaginin was selected as response value. The optimum extraction conditions of flavonoids from S. plebeian were determined by Box-Behnken response surface analysis. The optimum extraction conditions were that the ethanol concentration was 56%, the ratio of material to liquid was 1:30 g/mL, the extraction time was 5 minutes, the extraction power was 560 W, and the extraction content of flavonoids was 2.38 mg/g.
The difference from the predicted value was 0.021%, which was not much different from the predicted value of the model, which fully verified the reliability of the model. The extraction parameters obtained by response surface method were accurate and reliable, and the extraction process was reasonable and feasible.
Salinity Effects on Germination and Plant Growth of Haloxylon Ammodendron at Qaidam Basin
Authors: Xu Te , He Kangning , Wang Hui , Wang Weilu , Zhang Tan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Haloxylon ammodendron is one of the dominant characterizations of groups in Qaidam Basin. The salinity effects on H. ammodendron was determined by evaluating photosynthetic characteristic and seed germination feature responses in saline conditions in this paper. The reduction of Pn was corresponded to the decreasing Gs in the afternoon, when there was a slight increase in WUE corresponded to Pn and Tr during 15:00 to 17: 00p.m in the field trails. There was a delay in Pn and Tr to reach the postmeridian peak under 2% and 3% NaCl, while the daily mean values of WUE under 2% and 3% NaCl were higher than the 0% NaCl control. H. ammodendron seeds were found retaining 72% of germination rate under salinity degree high up to 3.51% saline solution. The values of GP, GE, GI and VI decreased evidently under 0.72% saline solution, whereas the reduction was indistinctive from 0.72% up to 2.14% saline solution without salt injury below 2.14% saline solution. Although the plant showed a slight sensibility to light salinity, H. ammodendron retained a certain potential of seed germination and seedling growth under salinity stress.
The Method of Improving the Seismic Reliability of Building Structure Based on Kriging Optimization Theory
Authors: Zhu Kun , Luo Hangyu , Pang Boshi , Zhang Wenjia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The development of social economy accelerates the process of urbanization and makes the population denser. Once the earthquake happens, it will cause serious harm to people. The building constructed by traditional methods cannot meet the seismic requirements. Based on Kriging optimization theory, this paper studies the method of improving the seismic reliability of building structure, introduces the principle of the method, and establishes the seismic model of building structure. Compared with the traditional methods, it can be found that the optimized seismic method can effectively improve the seismic capacity of the building structure, provide a better guarantee for the safety of citizens’ property and life, and has a very good use value.
Optimization Design of Double Jacked-in Spun Pile Tip
Authors: Yuan Zhiren , Yang Yanqi , Dou Lijun , Sui Yane 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The design method of the pile end plate of double jacked-in spun pile tip is described. The finite element analysis is used to simulate the stress state of pile sinking and loading test. Two models to stimulate the actual stress of the pile end plate. According to the analysis results, the existing design method of pile end plate is optimized.
Finite Element Analysis of Flexural Performance of Prestressed Concrete Pipe Piles
Authors: Zhou Qingjie , Dong Zhimin , Li Jianwen , Han Fang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Prestressed concrete pipe piles, due to the long body length, are easily deformed during the construction, transportation and installation, and such deformation will affect the utilization of pipe piles and even result in broken piles. In order to ensure the construction safety of prestressed pipe piles, it’s necessary to study the flexural performance and deformation of pipe piles under loads generated from the utilization stage. This paper, by virtue of ABAQUS, analyzes the contribution of wall thickness of prestressed concrete pipe piles, the diameter of spiral bar and diameter of prestressed reinforcement to the flexural deformation of pipe piles, and the corresponding results can serve as the theoretical basis of designing and laying prestressed concrete pipe piles.
Wind-electricity-heat Correlation and Potential Uncertainty Analysis Based on Copula Function
Authors: Li Tie , Hu Jinjing , Jiang Feng , Cong Haiyang , He Xiaoyang , Ge Weichun , Li Yi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the economic dispatch and optimal operation of power system, it is necessary and effective to consider the correlation among heat load, power load and wind power output to formulate a reasonable dispatch plan or to evaluate the reliability of the system. Therefore, based on the theory of Copula correlation analysis, a multivariate Copula analysis toolbox (MvCAT) is proposed to infer Copula parameters and estimate potential uncertainties. Firstly, the mixed evolution Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method in Bayes framework calculates the posterior distribution of Copula parameters, evaluate their uncertainties relative to fitting, and then select the appropriate Copula function by goodness-of-fit test. Finally, a the typical daily data of a province as samples for analysis, proposed method solves the limitation that the local optimization method often falls into the local minimum, and quantitative evaluation of the correlation between the response variables and the uncertainty associated with the length of the recorded data is essential for multivariate frequency analysis.
Tea-planted soils as global hotspots for N2O emissions from croplands
Authors: Wang Yan , Yao Zhisheng , Pan Zhanlei , Wang Rui , Yan Guangxuan , Liu Chunyan , Su Yuanyuan , Zheng Xunhua , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tea-planted soils generally receiving high nitrogen (N) fertilizer doses are more vulnerable to acidification, and turn into significant sources of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). However, little is known about the magnitude of soil N2O emissions from global tea plantations. Based on a global meta-analysis of field experimental data collected from major tea growing countries, we quantify annual N2O emissions, calculate direct emission factors (EFd) and identify key environmental controls of emissions from tea plantations. However, most data are from China and Japan, which is to be expected given that tea plantations in these countries represent >60% of the global area and the vital environmental research community in both countries. Results suggest that annual N2O emissions from soils of global tea plantations are on average 17.1 kg N ha−1 (or 8008 kg CO2-eq ha−1), being substantially greater than those reported for cereal croplands (662–3757 kg CO2-eq ha−1). The global mean EFd for N applications to tea plantations equals 2.31% (with a 95% confidence interval of 1.91%–2.71%), being two times higher than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change default value of 1%. Across tea plantations worldwide, total N2O emissions are estimated to be 57–84 Gg N yr−1, or 1.5%–12.7% of total direct cropland N2O emissions. Given that tea plantations account for only 0.3% of total cropland area, our finding highlights that tea-planted soils are global hotspots for N2O emissions and that these systems might be prime targets for climate change mitigation in the agricultural sector. Considering that tea is a high price commodity for which consumers may be willing to apply pressure for more climate-smart production, possible mitigation efforts include use of controlled-release fertilizers or nitrification inhibitors, and application of biochar and/or lime for increasing soil pH; i.e. measures that increase N use efficiency while reducing the climate footprint of tea production.
Prediction of coastal flooding risk under climate change impacts in South Korea using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Park Sang-Jin , Lee Dong-Kun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Coastal areas have been affected by hazards such as floods and storms due to the impact of climate change. As coastal systems continue to become more socially and environmentally complex, the damage these hazards cause is expected to increase and intensify. To reduce such negative impacts, vulnerable coastal areas and their associated risks must be identified and assessed. In this study, we assessed the flooding risk to coastal areas of South Korea using multiple machine learning algorithms. We predicted coastal areas with high flooding risks, as this aspect has not been adequately addressed in previous studies. We forecasted hazards under different representative concentration pathway climate change scenarios and regional climate models while considering ratios of sea level rise. Based on the results, a risk probability map was developed using a probability ranging from 0 to 1, where higher values of probability indicate areas at higher risk of compound events such as high tides and heavy rainfall. The accuracy of the average receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.946 using a k-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. The predicted risk probability in 10 year increments from the 2030s to the 2080s showed that the risk probability for southern coastal areas is higher than those of the eastern and western coastal areas. From this study, we determined that a probabilistic approach to analyzing the future risk of coastal flooding would be effective to support decision-making for integrated coastal zone management.
Does the Type and Timing of Educational Attainment Influence Physical Health? A Novel Application of Sequence Analysis
Authors: Vable Anusha M , Duarte Catherine dP , Cohen Alison K , Glymour M Maria , Ream Robert K , Yen Irene H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Nontraditional education trajectories are common, but their influence on physical health is understudied. We constructed year-by-year education trajectories for 7,501 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 participants aged 14 to 48 years (262,535 person-years of education data from 1979 to 2014). We characterized trajectory similarity using sequence analysis and used hierarchical clustering to group similar educational trajectories. Using linear regression, we predicted physical health summary scores of the participants at age 50 years from the 12-item Short-Form Survey, adjusting for available confounders, and evaluated effect modification by sex, race/ethnicity, and childhood socioeconomic status. We identified 24 unique educational sequence clusters on the basis of highest level of schooling and attendance timing. General education development credentials predicted poorer health than did high school diplomas (β = −3.07, 95% confidence interval: −4.07, −2.07), and bachelor’s degrees attained at earlier ages predicted better health than the same degree attained at later ages (β = 1.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.05, 3.28). Structurally marginalized groups benefited more from some educational trajectories than did advantaged groups (e.g., Black vs. White Americans with some college; those of low vs. high childhood socioeconomic status who received an associate’s or bachelor’s degree). Both type and timing of educational credentials may influence physical health. Literature to date has likely underestimated the impact of educational trajectories on health.