bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence of Allergies and Their Impact on Sleep in Children Who Stutter
Authors: Briley Patrick M. , Merlo Sandra 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Population-based research has identified insomnia or trouble sleeping, sleepiness during the day, and fatigue during the day as frequent coexisting conditions in children who stutter (CWS). Considering that allergies are well known to disturb sleep, the purpose of this study was to explore if there is an association between the presence of allergies and sleep issues among CWS, as well as if allergies are frequent in CWS.

Method
Data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey were used. Children used in this sample were those whose caregivers answered definitively whether or not the child stuttered within the past 12 months. Additionally, caregivers identified the presence of allergies and/or asthma and the presence of insomnia or trouble sleeping in the sample child.

Results

The sample included 200 CWS and 9,951 children who do not stutter (CWNS). The odds of insomnia/trouble sleeping were greater in CWS who present with allergies and/or asthma, with the exception of food allergy, compared to CWS who do not present with with allergies and/or asthma. Additionally, the odds of insomnia/trouble sleeping were greater in CWS without any allergy, asthma, and coexisting disability (
OR
= 7.48,
p
< .001) as compared to CWNS without any allergy, asthma, and coexisting disability. The presence of either any allergy or an asthma attack was higher among CWS (46.4%) compared to CWNS (29.5%),
p
< .001. Specifically, CWS were found to be at greater odds of presenting with any kind of respiratory allergy (
OR
= 1.72,
p
= .034), food allergy (
OR
= 2.32,
p
= .002), and skin allergy (
OR
= 1.84,
p
= .009) than CWNS.

Conclusions
CWS were found to be at greater odds of allergies and asthma, conditions that also impair sleep. Interestingly, insomnia/trouble sleeping was prevalent among CWS, even when allergies, asthma, and coexisting disabilities were not present. The possible implications of these findings are discussed.
Double‐weighted patch‐based label fusion for MR brain image segmentation
Authors: Yan Meng , Jin Huazhong , Zhao Zhiqiang , Xia Dahai , Pan Ning 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn recent decades, a large number of label fusion methods have been introduced and applied to magnetic resonance brain image segmentation. This paper proposes a double‐weighted label fusion method to improve the segmentation accuracy of magnetic resonance brain tissues. In weighted label fusion methods, different weights are utilised for different neighbouring pixels around the central test pixel. The weight of one specific neighbouring pixel is determined by the structural similarity between the patch of the atlas that centred in the neighbouring pixel and the patch of the image to be segmented that centred in the central test pixel, which is referred to as a patch‐based label fusion scheme. This paper presents a double‐weighted label fusion method to improve the segmentation accuracy of magnetic resonance brain tissues. The proposed label fusion method adds another new type of weights to the neighbouring pixels around the central test pixel and this new type of weights are calculated based on the atlas information itself. Segmentation experiments of different brain tissues show that our method can improve the segmentation performance.
Wringing effect prevention on a piston design in a downhole drilling tool
Authors: Li Fei , Gao Rui 
Published: December 2020

This research studied the wringing effect present on a piston with two contact surfaces in a downhole tool and investigated piston design guidance to prevent this occurrence. A piston on the downhole drilling tool is designed to be moved by hydraulic forces on‐demand in downhole operation. The piston failed to move during an experiment at a depth of 8772 m in an oil drilling well located in the Gulf of Mexico. The wringing effect was suspected as the root cause of this failure, and subsequent laboratory experiments confirmed that wringing presence caused non‐functional piston. Then, potential influencing factors causing wringing effects were analysed and investigated in a series of laboratory experiments aiming to eliminate the wringing adhesive force between the contact surface of the piston and its mandrel. The investigated factors included the roughness and area of the contact surfaces and pre‐compression force. Based on the findings, the piston design was optimised and re‐tested, and it was found that the optimised piston eliminated wringing adherence. With experimental data, semi‐empirical design guidance regarding the influencing factors was summarised for critical piston design to eliminate possible wringing.
Einstellung eines palatinal verlagerten Eckzahns mittels
Alignertherapie – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Funke Julia , Schupp Werner , Haubrich Julia , Jung Britta A. 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungEin günstiger Zeitpunkt für die Einstellung eines potentiell
verlagerten Eckzahnes liegt vor dem eigentlichen Durchbruchszeitpunkt, in
dem bspw. mit einer Milchzahnextraktion bzw. Lückenöffnung
für den bleibenden Zahn ein Pfad zur passiven Eruption geschaffen
werden kann. Geschieht dies nicht oder bleibt der Zahn verlagert, so
entsteht eine komplexe Aufgabe, die dem kieferorthopädischen
Behandler eine genaue Planung abverlangt und in interdisziplinärer
Zusammenarbeit mit einem oralchirurgisch tätigen Zahnarzt, Oral-
oder Mund-Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgen erfolgen muss.Das moderne kieferorthopädische Behandlungsspektrum bietet vielerlei
Möglichkeiten für die Einstellung verlagerter Zähne.
Für den folgenden Patientenfall zeigen wir eine Möglichkeit
zur Einstellung eines verlagerten Eckzahns mittels Aligner-Therapie in
Kombination mit zusätzlichen adäquaten Hilfsmitteln
(Auxiliaries).
Endoskopisches Management von kolorektalen Adenomen, HGIEN und Frühkarzinomen
Authors: Hünerbein Michael , Kolligs Frank 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungNeben ihrem diagnostischen Potenzial erlaubt die Koloskopie auch die endoskopische Resektion von Polypen und Frühkarzinomen. Mit der konventionellen Schlingenresektion, der endoskopischen Mukosaresektion (EMR), der endoskopische Submukosadissektion (ESD) und neuerdings der endoskopischen Vollwandresektion (eFTR) stehen verschiedenene intraluminale Resektionsverfahren zur Verfügung, die in diesem Artikel vorgestellt werden.
Intensivtherapie bei Adipositas: Too Big to Fail?
Authors: Lewandowski Klaus 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungPathophysiologische Besonderheiten und typische Begleiterkrankungen adipöser Patienten stellen Ärzte und Pflegepersonal auf Intensivtherapiestationen vor große Herausforderungen – und die Prävalenz dieser Patienten steigt. Dieser Beitrag vermittelt pathophysiologische Hintergründe sowie notwendiges Wissen über endotracheale Intubation, Anpassung der maschinellen Ventilation und die Lagerungsbehandlung bei kritisch kranken Adipösen.
Corona und Gesellschaftskrise
Authors: Kanzow Thomas 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungCorona ist mit den Mitteln der Vernunft und des Wirklichkeitsbezuges nicht als Katastrophe sondern als „Krise“ zu verstehen. Das Wesen einer Krise ist die Beschleunigung der ohnehin geschehenden Veränderung unserer Lebenswelt. Skizziert werden gesellschaftliche Veränderungen, menschliche und politische Gefährdungen und auch die Rolle der Kirche. Nur nebenbei: die Balint-Haltung der Triangulierung verspricht auch hierbei Hilfe.
Participation and Performance in the Oldest Ultramarathon–Comrades Marathon 1921–2019
Authors: Nikolaidis Pantelis Theodoros , Knechtle Beat , Vancini RodrigoLuiz , Gomes Margarida , Sousa CaioVictor 
Published: December 2020

AbstractParticipation and performance trends have been analyzed for different ultramarathons for limited time periods. This study examined trends in participation and performance in the oldest ultramarathon in the world, the ‘Comrades Marathon’ (South Africa), during a century (1921−2019). Data from www.ultra-marathon.org on 100 000 unique finishers were analysed using different general linear models. Women represented 4.2% of the total sample (n=4152), and the first women ran this race in 1978. Before the year 1965, the number of participants in the race ranged between 5 and 35 athletes, then started to grow exponentially until mid 90’s. An increase in finishers in the 70 s mainly due to an increase in male athletes in age groups 30−39, 40−49 and 50−59 years was observed (p<0.001). A stable running speed for overall women and men but an improvement in performance for the annual top five women and men were shown (p<0.001). Male runners were faster than female runners for all age groups (p<0.001). While overall performance was not improved across years, the annual top five women and men were able to improve their performance over years.
Coronary Plaque Erosion after Abemaciclib Treatment Onset: An Unknown Side Effect?
Authors: Vera Alberto , Rivero Fernando , Salamanca Jorge , Alvarado-Casas Teresa , Alfonso Fernando 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe current article describes a 72-year-old woman who suffered an acute myocardial infarction due to plaque erosion (PE) 2 weeks after abemaciclib treatment onset due to advanced breast cancer. Abemaciclib is a cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitor that has recently demonstrated efficacy and safety in advanced breast cancer. Of major concern, however, reported thromboembolic rates in randomized clinical trials testing this drug range from 0.6 to 5%. To the best of our knowledge this is the first thrombotic coronary side effect ever reported. We suggest that a treatment that increases thromboembolic risk, such abemaciclib, may have triggered PE in our patient, 15 days after abemaciclib initiation. New molecules are promising in cancer treatment; however, care must be paid to their potential cardiotoxic effects.
Organophotoredox-Catalyzed C–H Alkylation of Imidazoheterocycles with Malonates: Total Synthesis of Zolpidem
Authors: Chaubey Narendra R. , Kapdi Anant R. , Maity Biswanath 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOrganophotocatalytic C–H bond functionalization has attracted a lot of attention in the past several years due to the possibility of catalyzing reactions in a metal- and peroxide-free environment. Continuing on these lines, an organophotoredox-catalyzed C–H functionalization of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and related heterocycles with bromomalonates under mild conditions is reported, providing excellent yields of the products at room temperature. This is the first report involving malonates as coupling partners leading to the synthesis of a range of functionalized products including total synthesis of zolpidem, a sedative­-hypnotic drug molecule.
Higher Concentration of Taenia Antigens in the CSF is Related to Slight Ventricle Enlargement and Periventricular Neuronal Decrease in Young Rats
Authors: Silva Mônica Almeida , Barcelos Eduardo Vieira , Aves Júnior Aderaldo Costa , Generoso Diego , Aldá Maiara Almeida , Batah Sabrina Setembre , Fabro Alexandre Todorovic , Machado Vânia Maria de Vasconcelos , Hamamoto Filho Pedro Tadao , Zanini Marco Antônio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose Experimental models might help understand the pathophysiology of neurocysticercosis-associated hydrocephalus. The present study aimed to compare the extent of hydrocephalus and tissue damage in rats with subarachnoid inoculation of different concentrations of Taenia crassiceps cyst proteins.
Methods Sixty young rats were divided into two groups: low- and high-concentration groups. The animals in the low concentration group received 0.02 ml of 2.4 mg/ml T. crassiceps cyst proteins while those in the high concentration group received 0.02 ml of 11.6 mg/ml T. crassiceps cyst proteins. The animals underwent magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3, and 6 months postinoculation to assess the ventricle volume. Morphological assessment was performed at the end of the observation period.
Results Repeated measures of ventricle volumes at 1, 3, and 6 months showed progressive enlargement of the ventricles. At 1 and 3 months, we observed no differences in ventricle volumes between the 2 groups. However, at 6 months, the ventricles were larger in the high concentration group (median = 3.86 mm3, range: 2.37–12.68) compared with the low concentration group (median = 2.00 mm3, range: 0.37–11.57), p = 0.003. The morphological assessment revealed a few inflammatory features in both groups. However, the density of oligodendrocytes and neurons within the periventricular region was lower in the high concentration group (5.18 versus 9.72 for oligodendrocytes and 15.69 versus 21.00 for neurons; p < 0.001 for both).
Conclusion Our results suggest that, in rats, a higher concentration of T. crassiceps cyst proteins in the subarachnoid space could induce ventricle enlargement and reduce the number of neurons within the periventricular area.
Benefit of Self-Managed Anticoagulation in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Vogeler Elisa , Dieterlen Maja-Theresa , Garbade Jens , Lehmann Sven , Jawad Khalil , Borger Michael A. , Meyer Anna L. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The exact monitoring of the therapeutic-range international normalized ratio (INR) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is an important aim to reduce the risk of thrombosis or bleeding complications. Service providers offer a telemedical anticoagulation service (CS).
Methods We compared LVAD patients using the CS (n = 15) to those who received regular medical care (RMC; n = 15) to investigate if telemedicine supervision increased the INR-specific time in the therapeutic range (TTR) during anticoagulation. All patients received self-management training for phenprocoumon medication according to their INR value. INR values were documented for 12 months. A survey (scale: 1 = not satisfied and 10 = very satisfied) was used to determine patient's satisfaction and psychological well-being.
Results A total of 1,798 INR measurements were analyzed. The TTRRosendaal was higher in patients undergoing RMC (78.1 ± 14.3%) compared with that in patients using the CS (58.3 ± 28.0%, p = 0.03). The patient's satisfaction with the coagulation setting at the beginning of the study (RMC: 6.7 ± 3.1, CS: 7.2 ± 3.0, p = 0.74) and psychological wellbeing (RMC: 6.5 ± 1.9, CS: 6.5 ± 2.7, p = 0.97) were comparable between both groups.
Conclusion We found that INR self-management is superior regarding the efficiency of post-LVAD anticoagulation therapy when compared with telemedical (CS)-based INR management in a small study cohort. Intensive training by experienced staff was able to replace CS.
Determinant physiological factors of simulated BMX race
Authors: Daneshfar Amin , Petersen Carl , Gahreman Daniel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEvaluating the physiological demands of BMX cycling on a track provides coaches with the information required to prescribe more effective training programmes. To determine the relative importance of physiological factors during simulated BMX race, 12 male riders (age 19.2 ± 3.5 years, height 1.76 ± 0.06 m, mass 68.5 ± 4.3 kg) completed a maximum aerobic capacity (V̇O2max) test in a laboratory, and a week later, completed six laps on a BMX track interspersed by 15 min passive recovery. Peak power, immediate post‐lap V̇O2peak, blood lactate, and heart rate were measured in each lap. Peak power to weight ratio was significantly correlated with lap time, however, the strength of this association decreased in each subsequent lap. Mean V̇O2peak was greater than 80% of laboratory‐measured V̇O2max in every lap, indicating a strong contribution of the aerobic energy system during BMX racing. This study also identified that mean blood lactate was significantly associated with lap time, which showed the importance of the anaerobic energy system contribution to BMX race. Despite the short period of pedalling during BMX racing, both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems are important contributors to lap performance. Coaches should consider maximising both anaerobic power and aerobic capacity to improve riders’ overall performance in multiple laps.
Two-level quantum Otto heat engine operating with unit efficiency far from the quasi-static regime under a squeezed reservoir
Authors: de Assis Rogério J , Sales José S , Mendes Udson C , de Almeida Norton G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent theoretical and experimental studies in quantum heat engines show that, in the quasi-static regime, it is possible to have higher efficiency than the limit imposed by Carnot, provided that engineered reservoirs are used. The quasi-static regime, however, is a strong limitation to the operation of heat engines, since an infinitely long time is required to complete a cycle. In this paper we propose a two-level model as the working substance to perform a quantum Otto heat engine surrounded by a cold thermal reservoir and a squeezed hot thermal reservoir. Taking advantage of this model we show a striking achievement, that is to attain unity efficiency even at non-null power.
Optimization and supervised machine learning methods for fitting numerical physics models without derivatives
*
Authors: Bollapragada Raghu , Menickelly Matt , Nazarewicz Witold , O’Neal Jared , Reinhard Paul-Gerhard , Wild Stefan M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We address the calibration of a computationally expensive nuclear physics model for which derivative information with respect to the fit parameters is not readily available. Of particular interest is the performance of optimization-based training algorithms when dozens, rather than millions or more, of training data are available and when the expense of the model places limitations on the number of concurrent model evaluations that can be performed. As a case study, we consider the Fayans energy density functional model, which has characteristics similar to many model fitting and calibration problems in nuclear physics. We analyze hyperparameter tuning considerations and variability associated with stochastic optimization algorithms and illustrate considerations for tuning in different computational settings.
Isolated intense half-cycle attosecond pulse generation with orbital angular momentum
Authors: Xu Zhangli , Shen Baifei , Zhang Lingang , Xu Jiancai , Gong Weifeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A relativistic linearly polarized Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) laser pulse interacting with a combination of gas plasma and an oblique foil target is proposed to generate an intense attosecond pulse carrying large orbital angular momentum (OAM). The LG laser pulse firstly produces an ultra-thin relativistic electron sheet (RES) in underdense plasma and transfers the OAM to the latter at the same time. When the RES passes through the oblique foil, it radiates an intense half-cycle attosecond pulse carrying large OAM. Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation confirms that an isolated ultra-intense half-cycle attosecond pulse with a duration of 542 as and a peak electric field of 5 × 1012 V m−1 is produced. The average OAM per photon of the attosecond pulse is about −1ћ. Such an intense, isolated attosecond pulse with the large OAM would provide new possibilities in attosecond scientific research.
Dynamical formation of a magnetic polaron in a two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet
Authors: Bohrdt A , Grusdt F , Knap M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Tremendous recent progress in the quantum simulation of the Hubbard model paves the way to controllably study doped antiferromagnetic Mott insulators. Motivated by these experimental advancements, we numerically study the real-time dynamics of a single hole created in an antiferromagnet on a square lattice, as described by the t–J model. Initially, the hole spreads ballistically with a velocity proportional to the hopping matrix element. At intermediate to long times, the dimensionality as well as the spin background determine the hole dynamics. A hole created in the ground state of a two dimensional (2D) quantum antiferromagnet propagates again ballistically at long times but with a velocity proportional to the spin exchange coupling, showing the formation of a magnetic polaron. We provide an intuitive explanation of this dynamics in terms of a parton construction, which leads to a good quantitative agreement with the numerical tensor network state simulations. In the limit of infinite temperature and no spin exchange couplings, the dynamics can be approximated by a quantum random walk on a Bethe lattice with coordination number

z

̃

=
4

. Adding Ising interactions corresponds to an effective disordered potential, which can dramatically slow down the hole propagation, consistent with subdiffusive dynamics. The study of the hole dynamics paves the way for understanding the microscopic constituents of this strongly correlated quantum state.
Assessment on milk productivity and milk quality in cattle with different genotypes by HSP70.1 gene
Authors: Efimova I O , Zagidullin L R , Khisamov R R , Akhmetov T M , Shaidullin R R , Tyulkin S V , Gilmanov Kh Kh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of research was to study the milk productivity and milk quality of cows and the closest female ancestors of stud bulls with different genotypes of the chaperone protein gene (HSP70.1). The genotypes of a chaperone protein gene in stock of cattle were determined by PCR-RFLP. It was established that among cows of the Kholmogory breed of the Tatarstan type, the highest milk yields, mass fraction, and the amount of fat and protein in milk were in animals with the HSP70.1/CC genotype compared to the analogues of the HSP70.1/C-genotype. Whereas in the closest female ancestors of bulls of the Holstein black-motley breed, individuals with the HSP70.1/C- and HSP70.1/"- -" genotypes stood out favorably by milk yield and mass fraction of fat in the milk, respectively.
Development of Web-Based TOEFL Learning Media (E-TOEFL) Using Moodle at Universitas Bung Hatta
Authors: Amelia R , Harmaini F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This research aims to produce a website-based TOEFL learning system (E-TOEFL) used for online TOEFL learning at Universitas Bung Hatta. The research method used in this research is a research and development (R&D) method. The steps taken in this study are the first stage that is to analyze the need to develop an E-TOEFL system-based learning management system (LMS), namely with observation and interview. Then carried out the design of this LMS-based E-TOEFL system. The next step is system testing by testing access speeds, link structures, and testing with a wide variety of browsers. The last step is the system implementation phase. In the implementation of E-TOEFL at Universitas Bung Hatta, some students have not participated in this E-TOEFL because TOEFL does design to be self-learning. So that in the future, it is necessary to apply blended learning to increase the enthusiasm of students in learning Toefl. More development also needs to be done to optimize online learning activities. One of the steps that need to do is to socialize continuously related to TOEFL’s learning and simulation to students to make students more motivated to use this E-TOEFL. Then there is also the dissemination of E-TOEFL learning policies to the academic students of Universitas Bung Hatta.