bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of weekly administration of cholecalciferol on parathyroid hormone in stable kidney-transplanted patients with CKD stage 1–3
Authors: Sella Stefania , Bonfante Luciana , Fusaro Maria , Neri Flavia , Plebani Mario , Zaninotto Martina , Aghi Andrea , Innico Georgie , Tripepi Giovanni , Michielin Alberto , Prandini Tancredi , Calò Lorenzo A. , Giannini Sandro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Kidney transplant (KTx) recipients frequently have deficient or insufficient levels of serum vitamin D. Few studies have investigated the effect of cholecalciferol in these patients. We evaluated the efficacy of weekly cholecalciferol administration on parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in stable KTx patients with chronic kidney disease stage 1–3.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, 48 stable KTx recipients (37 males, 11 females, aged 52 ± 11 years and 26 months post-transplantation) were treated weekly with oral cholecalciferol (7500–8750 IU) for 12 months and compared to 44 untreated age- and gender-matched recipients. Changes in levels of PTH, 25(OH) vitamin D (25[OH]D), serum calcium, phosphate, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months.

Results
At baseline, clinical characteristics were similar between treated and untreated patients. Considering the entire cohort, 87 (94.6%) were deficient in vitamin D and 64 (69.6%) had PTH ≥130 pg/mL. Serum calcium, phosphate, creatinine and eGFR did not differ between groups over the follow-up period. However, 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher at both 6 (63.5 vs. 30.3 nmol/L, p < 0.001) and 12 months (69.4 vs. 30 nmol/L, p < 0.001) in treated vs. untreated patients, corresponding with a significant reduction in PTH at both 6 (112 vs. 161 pg/mL) and 12 months (109 vs. 154 pg/mL) in treated vs. untreated patients, respectively (p < 0.001 for both).

Conclusions
Weekly administration of cholecalciferol can significantly and stably reduce PTH levels, without any adverse effects on serum calcium and renal function.
From therapeutic drug monitoring to total drug monitoring and drug-omics
Authors: Vogeser Michael 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In view of the role of pharmacotherapy in medicine, on the one hand, and the powerful technical possibilities that are now available on the other hand, therapeutic drug monitoring is a surprisingly neglected area of laboratory medicine. In this viewpoint article, an “omics approach” to pharmacovigilance and drug monitoring is proposed and discussed. A realistic goal for laboratory medicine in the 21st century should indeed be to enable clinicians to check whether the right drug is present in the right patient with an appropriate blood concentration for each compound.
High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and T methods for the early detection of myocardial injury in patients on chemotherapy
Authors: Clerico Aldo , Cardinale Daniela Maria , Zaninotto Martina , Aspromonte Nadia , Sandri Maria Teresa , Passino Claudio , Migliardi Marco , Perrone Marco , Fortunato Antonio , Padoan Andrea , Trenti Tommaso , Bernardini Sergio , Sciacovelli Laura , Colivicchi Furio , Gabrielli Domenico , Plebani Mario 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Important advances achieved in pharmacological cancer treatment have led progressively to a reduction in mortality from many forms of cancer, and increasing numbers of previously incurable patients can now hope to become cancer-free. Yet, to achieve these improved outcomes a high price has been paid in terms of untoward side effects associated with treatment, cardio-toxicity in particular. Several recent studies have reported that cardiac troponin assay using high-sensitivity methods (hs-cTn) can enable the early detection of myocardial injury related to chemotherapy or abuse of drugs that are potentially cardiotoxic. Several authors have recently suggested that changes in hs-cTn values enable the early diagnosis of cardiac injury from chemotherapy, thus potentially benefitting cancer patients with increased troponin values by initiating early cardioprotective therapy. However, large randomised clinical trials are needed in order to evaluate the cost/benefit ratio of standardised protocols for the early detection of cardiotoxicity using the hs-cTn assay in patients treated with chemotherapy.
Development of ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid-phase microextraction
based on mesoporous carbon coated with silica@iron oxide nanocomposite for
preconcentration of Te and Tl in natural water systems
Authors: Nyaba Luthando , Dubazana Buyile , Mpupa Anele , Nomngongo Philiswa N. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The main objective of this study was to develop an ultrasound-assisted dispersive
solid-phase microextraction (UADSPME) method for separation and preconcentration of
tellurium (Te) and thallium (Tl) in environmental samples prior to inductively
coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry determination. The
MPC@SiO2@Fe3O4 nanocomposite was used as a
nanoadsorbent in the UADSPME method. The nanocomposite was prepared using a
coprecipitation and sol–gel method, and it was characterized using scanning
electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron
microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction techniques. The Box–Behnken design and
response surface methodology were used for the optimization of experimental
parameters (such as pH, extraction time and mass of adsorbent) affecting the
preconcentration procedure. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection were
0.05 and 0.02 µg L−1 and the limits of
quantification were 0.17 and 0.07 µg L−1 for
Te and Tl, respectively. The precision expressed as the relative standard deviation
(%RSD) was 2.5% and 2.8% for Te and Tl, respectively. Finally, the developed method
was applied for the analysis of Tl and Te in real samples.
Simplified Iteratively Regularized Gauss–Newton Method in Banach Spaces Under a General Source Condition
Authors: Mahale Pallavi , Dixit Sharad Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a simplified iteratively regularized Gauss–Newton method in a Banach space setting under a general source condition. We will obtain order-optimal error estimates both for an a priori stopping rule and for a Morozov-type stopping rule together with a posteriori choice of the regularization parameter. An advantage of a general source condition is that it provides a unified setting for the error analysis which can be applied to the cases of both severely and mildly ill-posed problems. We will give a numerical example of a parameter identification problem to discuss the performance of the method.
Stability conditions on product varieties
Authors: Liu Yucheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Given a stability condition on a smooth projective variety X, we construct a family of stability conditions on

{X\times C}

, where C is a smooth projective curve. In particular, this gives the existence of stability conditions on arbitrary products of curves. The proof uses, by following an idea of Toda, the positivity lemma established by Bayer and Macrì and weak stability conditions on the Abramovich-Polishchuk heart of a bounded t-structure in

{D(X\times C)}

.
Neonatal hypertension caused by left-to-right shunt flow through a patent ductus arteriosus in a premature infant
Authors: Kim Sung-Ha , Park Eujin , Hwang Sook M. , Sung Tae-Jung 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesThough it is rare and challenging to study, neonatal hypertension (HTN) has been explored and studied by many pediatricians. There were some causes reported in preterm infants such as renal diseases and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Case presentationWe report a premature female infant who was born at a gestational age of 25 + 6 weeks and developed systemic hypertension on the day of a gestation age of 30 + 3 weeks. This case had a rare cause which involved high-normal serum aldosterone level that could possibly indicate hyperaldosteronism and over-stimulation of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). We believe elevation of serum aldosterone was caused by a left-to-right shunt flow through a patent ductus arteriosus. Hypertension due to a patent ductus arteriosus sounds like a paradox. However, in our case, the shunt flow was shown to be a possible cause of the systemic hypertension. Surgical closure of the shunt was done and the hypertension resolved. We evaluated serum aldosterone levels and plasma renin activities both, before and after the closure to look for a possible cause.ConclusionsNeonatologist often treats systemic hypertensive infants considering possible causes in order to prevent hypertensive crisis. Our case shows that possibility of hyperaldosteronism and (RAAS) over-stimulation should be considered as causes in case of severe systemic hypertension in preterm infants with large left-to-right shunt flows.
“Bie zai tiqi” and You Mean the World to Me: Two Subversive Sinophone Malaysian Metatexts
Authors: Paoliello Antonio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article aims at exploring the subversive nature of two Sinophone Malaysian cultural products, namely “Bie zai tiqi” (2002) a short story by Ho Sok Fong and You Mean the World to Me (2017), a full-length feature film by director Saw Teong Hin. I argue that, despite their differences, both fictional products use powerful metafictional and metanarrative devices to challenge factuality. In doing so, they not only blur the fine line between fiction and reality, but they also question cultural power dynamics and ethnic politics in Malaysia. Moreover, they defy the truthfulness of Mandarin as the preferred Sinitic cultural language as well as the idea that, in Malaysia, literature and film can be considered Malaysian only if produced in Malay, the official language of the country. By performing an analysis of the linguistic choices made by Ho Sok Fong and Saw Teong Hin, I will suggest that both the short story and the feature film analysed in this article use metafiction and metanarration to subvert widely-accepted, yet problematic, notions of national culture and common ethnic language.
On the Δ-equivalence of Boolean functions
Authors: Logachev Oleg A. , Fedorov Sergey N. , Yashchenko Valerii V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA new equivalence relation on the set of Boolean functions is introduced: functions are declared to beΔ-equivalent if their autocorrelation functions are equal. It turns out that this classification agrees well with the cryptographic properties of Boolean functions: for functions belonging to the sameΔ-equivalence class a number of their cryptographic characteristics do coincide. For example, all bent-functions (of a fixed number of variables) make up one class.
Asymptotically best method for synthesis of Boolean recursive circuits
Authors: Zhukov Vladimir V. , Lozhkin Sergey A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractModels of multi-output and scalar recursive Boolean circuits of bounded depth in an arbitrary basis are considered. Methods for lower and upper estimates for the Shannon function for the complexity of circuits of these classes are provided. Based on these methods, an asymptotic formula for the Shannon function is put forward. Moreover, in the above classes of recursive circuits, upper estimates for the complexity of implementation of some functions and systems of functions used in applications are obtained.
Sinnräume
Authors: Loidolt Sophie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe paper introduces the concept of “spaces of meaning,” distilled from the work of political theorist Hannah Arendt, and used as an interpretative tool to understand some central theoretical moves in theThe Human Condition. By focusing on activities which actualise conditional structures and which thereby generate experiences and meaning, I present a phenomenological re-interpretation of Arendt’s three basic activities of labour, work, and action, which actualise the conditions of life, worldliness, and plurality. The term “spaces of meaning” indicates how the unfolding of certain activities simultaneously creates and structures spaces and meaningful orientation which involves a certain temporality, spatiality, corporeality, and intersubjectivity. I differentiate between activity-based and visibility-based spaces of meaning and present a dynamic interpretation of their interplay. In doing so, I challenge Seyla Benhabib’s view that part of Arendt’s methodology contains what Benhabib calls “phenomenological essentialism.” Furthermore, this analysis aims at developing an analytical tool and flexible framework also beyond Arendt scholarship. Phenomenologists can use this model of “spaces of meaning” for the task of reclaiming experience as world-building and world-opening, also in a normative sense, and of demonstrating how structures and orders are lived while they condition and form spaces of meaning. If we want to understand, criticise, act, or change something, this subjective and intersubjective perspective will remain indispensable.
Das Verhältnis zwischen erster und zweiter Natur bei John McDowell und Nicolai Hartmann
Authors: Wunsch Matthias 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWhen discussing the philosophical question of the relation between mind and nature, dualistic approaches are often contrasted with scientistic approaches. However, mind can be situated in nature in a non-scientistic manner and outside of nature in a non-dualistic manner. John McDowell represents the first approach, as he connects mind to our second nature. In his attempt to specify the categorial relation between first and second nature, McDowell finds himself in a dilemma which cannot be solved within his framework. The second approach is represented by Nicolai Hartmann, for whom mind does not belong to nature, but to the real world. Hartmann’s ontology of layers is able to avoid McDowell’s dilemma and the unity of the real world is made intelligible.
Predicting Federal Funds Rate Using Extreme Value Theory
Authors: Dey Ashim Kumar , Das Kumer Pial 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe extreme value theory (EVT) is used to assess the risk of extreme events caused by natural calamities or untoward circumstances in the social and economic sectors. The theory can be used to study the frequency of rare events and to build up a predictive model so that one can attempt to forecast the frequency of such future extreme events such as a financial collapse and the amount of damage from such a collapse. Even though many statistical techniques have been used to analyze the manner in which the Federal Reserve determines the level of the Federal Fund Rates, no known study has used EVT to analyze and predict the extreme fund rates. In this study, the US Federal Funds Rate, one of the most publicized and important economic indicators in the financial world, from 1954–2019 has been analyzed. The contributions of this study are: (1) to provide an appropriate model for the normalized Federal Funds Rate data; (2) to compare several estimation techniques in estimating parameters for two possible models; (3) to predict the maximum economic return rate from a Federal Funds Rate in the future by using the concept of the return period; and (4) to investigate the bias of estimated parameters applying a simulation study. Simulated data and real financial data are used for the study, and the outcome satisfies the efficiency of its application.
Reimagining the Unimaginable: Law and the Ongoing Transformation of Global Value Chains into Integrated Legal Entities
Authors: Sobel-Read Kevin B. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There is a growing push to reduce the labour and environmental harms caused throughout the supply chains of large corporations. But very little progress has been made in holding these corporations legally responsible for such harms. This corporate immunity is not caused by shortcomings in the law itself but rather by the limits of the categories through which we make sense of the world. For voters and policymakers alike, regulation is only appropriate for entities that fall into the same category of classification. And so far in our collective understanding, the firms in global supply chains have each inhabited separate legal categories and so each is deemed to have separate legal responsibility. As a result, the chains as a whole have remained free from regulation. But as global commerce becomes more systematised, global value chains are becoming more intimately integrated. This practical integration is likewise transforming our thinking: we are coming to understand chains as discrete entities within a single category. As this transformation solidifies, the regulation of entire chains will no longer be unthinkable but rather inevitable. Drawing on the insight of Mary Douglas and Benedict Anderson, I substantiate these assertions with evidence from corporate accounts, legislation and popular media.
Critical Analysis of the Zero Risk Weight Privilege for European Sovereign Debt in Light of Art. 124 TFEU
Authors: Hauser Patrick 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The zero risk weight privilege for European sovereign debt in the current capital adequacy requirements for credit institutions incentivises credit institutions to acquire and hold sovereign debt. However, it also poses a significant risk to the stability of the banking system and thus the financial system as a whole. It is argued that this privilege should not only be abolished due to the risk it entails but that it is also non conformant with EU primary law. Art. 124 TFEU prohibits privileged access of the EU and Member States' public sector to financial institutions except for prudential considerations. The protective purpose of Art. 124 TFEU to ensure sound budgetary policies by subjecting public borrowing to the same rules as borrowing by other market participants is thwarted by the uniform zero risk weight privilege. Further, as this privilege does not take into account the varying creditworthiness of the individual Member States it does not promote the soundness of financial institutions so as to strengthen the soundness of the financial system as whole, but rather endangers systemic stability. The zero risk weight privilege is therefore not based on prudential considerations and hence violates Art. 124 TFEU.
Collective Decision-making: FIFA from the Perspective of Public Choice
Authors: Follert Florian , Richau Lukas , Emrich Eike , Pierdzioch Christian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVarious scandals have shaken public confidence in football's global governing body,Fédération Internationale de Football Association(FIFA). It is evident that decision-making within such a collective provides incentives for corruption. We apply the Buchanan-Tullock model that is known from Public Choice theory to study collective decision-making within FIFA. On the basis of this theoretical model, we develop specific proposals that can contribute to combating corruption. Three core aspects are discussed: the selection of the World Cup host, transparency in the allocation of budgets, and clear guidelines for FIFA officials and bodies with regard to their rights and accountability. Our insights can contribute to a better understanding of collective decision making in heterogenous groups.
The Euro Area Imbalances Narrative in a Franco-German Perspective: The Importance of the Longer-Run View
Authors: Belke Ansgar , Gros Daniel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There is a symmetrical debate in two Euro area core countries: in France about the restrictive fiscal policy of Germany, leading to a huge external surplus, in Germany about the insufficient compliance with fiscal rules and the lack of structural reforms in France. What are the real causes of the divergence between the two economies? We show that different indicators of competitiveness yield very different results depending on the base period used, e.g. 1995 (peak of reunification boom), 1999 or 1990. A comparison with the pre-unification period shows little gain in competitiveness. We also find, somewhat surprisingly, that Germany’s industry is not more integrated in international value chains than that of France or Italy. We then look at the link between export growth and export prices and argue that in the long run exports are not driven by competitiveness but by the increased supply of labor resulting from unification. In addition, we ask what drove ‘wage moderation’ in Germany: policy or the labor market. We finally analyse the longer-term trend in fiscal policy and the resulting distributional consequences in both countries. Our more general policy implication is that any analysis which compares today to the trough of German performance after unification risks over-estimating the potential of the country. Given that the ‘internal unification’ process is complete now, one should not expect the Germans to continue to outperform France as it has done over the last two decades.
Bilinear forms on non-homogeneous Sobolev spaces
Authors: Cascante Carme , Ortega Joaquín M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we show that if

b
∈

L
2

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{b\in L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

, then the bilinear form defined on the product of the non-homogeneous Sobolev spaces

H
s
2

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

×

H
s
2

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{H_{s}^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\times H_{s}^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

,

0
<
s
<
1

{0<s<1}

, by

(
f
,
g
)

∈

H
s
2

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

×

H
s
2

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

→

∫

ℝ
n

(

Id
-
Δ

)

s
2

⁢

(

f
⁢
g

)

⁢

(
𝐱
)

⁢
b
⁢

(
𝐱
)

⁢

d
⁢
𝐱

(f,g)\in H_{s}^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\times H_{s}^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})\to\int_{%
\mathbb{R}^{n}}(\mathrm{Id}-\Delta)^{\frac{s}{2}}(fg)(\mathbf{x})b(\mathbf{x})%
\mathop{}\!d\mathbf{x}

is continuous if and only if the positive measure

|

b
⁢

(
𝐱
)

|

2

⁢

d
⁢
𝐱

{\lvert b(\mathbf{x})\rvert^{2}\mathop{}\!d\mathbf{x}}

is a trace measure for

H
s
2

⁢

(

ℝ
n

)

{H_{s}^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n})}

.
Synthesis of 2,2′-dibenzoylaminodiphenyl disulfide based on Aspen Plus simulation and the development of green synthesis processes
Authors: Zhang Yan , Ji Deluo , Ma Song , Wang Wenbo , Dong Ruiguo , Shi Lilong , Pan Linlin , Zhang Xiaolai , Du Mengcheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe rubber peptizer 2,2′-dibenzoylaminodiphenyl disulfide is typically synthesized from C7H5NS, NaOH, H2SO4, and H2O2, but these reactants were replaced with C6H4ClNO2, C2H6O, Na2S, S, and N2H4·H2O, and these raw materials effectively improved the synthesis yield, reduced the number of synthetic steps, and made the synthetic process greener. Although the catalyst is difficult to recover, it effectively avoids using ethanol as a volatile organic solvent. The Aspen Plus method was used to simulate the key processes in the synthesis in the experimental conditions as the boundary conditions. The simulation results show that the feed ratio of C7H5NS, H2O2, and C7H5ClO directly determines the yield of the reaction, and the equivalents of NaOH, H2SO4, and Na2CO3 indirectly affect the yield of the reaction by changing the reaction environment and controlling the formation of byproducts. The temperature of the ring-opening reaction and the acylation reaction should be maintained within 110–120°C to maximize the yield. The oxidation reaction temperature also directly affects the reaction yield and should be kept below 40°C. The simulation results are consistent with practical industrial production conditions. Based on the developed green synthesis process and the optimal process parameters obtained from the simulation, the industrial-scale production of 10,000 tons of 2,2′-di benzoyl amino diphenyl disulfide was carried out. Compared with that of o-nitrochlorobenzene, the yield of 2,2′-dibenzoylaminodiphenyl disulfide increased from approximately 72% to more than 90%. Using this method instead of the original synthesis method avoids the use of o-nitrochlorobenzene, which is neurotoxic; Raney nickel as the metal catalyst, which is difficult to recycle with existing environmental protection technologies; and ethanol as the organic solvent, which is associated with environmental problems. The amine tail gas that is easily generated in the original synthesis method is not generated in this system, and the drying step is eliminated.