bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalized Tourniquet Inflation Pressure or Conventional Uniform Tourniquet Inflation Pressure During Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-analysis of Randomized- Controlled Trials.
Authors: Sun Changjiao , Zhang Xiaofei , Ma Qi , Li Huimin , Cai Xu , Yang Huadong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background： Pneumatic tourniquets are widely used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Some surgeons prefer a uniform tourniquet inflation pressure (UTIP)for all patients; others use personalized tourniquet inflation pressures (PTIP). However, no consensus exists regarding the optimal mode of inflation pressure during TKA. This review aimed to appraise if personalized tourniquet inflation pressures are better than uniform tourniquet inflation. Methods：The databases (Web of Science，Embase，PubMed，Cochrane Controlled Trials Register,、Cochrane Library、Highwire、CBM、CNKI、VIP、Wanfang) were searched on August 2020 to systematically identify and screen the literature for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving PTIP and UTIP during total knee arthroplasty.Results: Nine randomized controlled trials, involving 840 TKAs (837 patients) were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis identified a trend toward less Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score at rest with PTIP group at one day（P＜0.00001），2-3day（P=0.01）, and less VAS score at activity 1day (P＜0.0001 ),2-3 days after the operation (P＜0.00001 )and discharge (P＜0.0001). No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of VAS score at rest when discharge (P=1.0), intraoperative blood loss（P=0.9）, total blood loss（P=0.3）, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score （P=0.05）, lower limb vein thrombosis （P=0.42）and thigh bullae（P=0.17）. However, in the PTIP group, we found a significant broader knee Range of motion(ROM)（P=0.02）and a reduction in the rate of thigh ecchymosis（P=0.0003）and thigh circumference at one day(P=0.006), 2-3day (P=0.0005), and discharge(P=0.02). Conclusion: PTIP provides a similar bloodless surgical field compared with the conventional UTIP. Furthermore, PTIP provides less pain intensity, thigh circumference, rate of thigh ecchymosis, and better initial recovery of knee flexion in total knee arthroplasty. Therefore, we recommend using a PTIP method during TKA. More adequately powered and better-designed randomized controlled trials （RCTs）studies with long-term follow-up are required to produce evidence-based guidelines regarding the PTIP method.
Conditioned Medium-preconditioned Epcs Enhanced the Ability in Oligovascular Repair in Cerebral Ischemia Neonatal Rats&nbsp;
Authors: Zhou Ning , Wang Lei , Fu Ping , Cui Zihao , Ge Yuhang , Jiang Feiyu , Liu Jing , Ren Chao , Luan Zuo , Fan Hongbin , Yao Ruiqin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Oligovascular niche mediates interactions between cerebral endothelial cells and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Disruption of OPC-endothelium trophic coupling may aggravate the progress of cerebral white matter injury (WMI) because endothelial cells could not provide sufficient support under diseased conditions. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to ameliorate WMI in adult brain by boosting oligovascular remodeling. It is necessary to clarify the role of conditioned medium from hypoxic endothelial cells preconditioned EPCs (EC-pEPCs) in WMI since EPCs usually were recruited and play roles under blood-brain barrier disruption. Here, we investigated the effects of EC-pEPCs on oligovascular remodeling in a neonatal rat model of WMI.Methods: In vitro, OPCs apoptosis induced by the conditioned medium from oxygen-glucose deprivation-injured brain microvascular endothelial cells (OGD-EC-CM) was analyzed by TUNEL and FACS. The effects of EPCs on EC damage and the expression of cytomokine C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12) were examined by western blot and FACS. The effect of the CM from EC-pEPCs against OPCs apoptosis was also verified by western blot and silencing RNA. In vivo, P3 rat pups were subjected to right common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia, and then treated with EPCs or EC-pEPCs at P7, and angiogenesis and myelination together with cognitive outcome were evaluated at 6 weeks.Results: The number of EPCs and CXCL12 protein level markedly increased in the WMI rats. In vitro, EPCs enhanced endothelial function and decreased OPCs apoptosis. Meanwhile, it was confirmed that OGD-EC-CM induced an increase of CXCL12 in EPCs, and CXCL12-CXCR4 axis is a key signaling since CXCR4 knockdown alleviated the anti-apoptosis effect of EPCs on OPCs. In vivo, compared to the EPCs, EC-pEPCs significantly decreased OPCs apoptosis, increased vascular density and myelination in the corpus callosum, and improved learning and memory deficits in the neonatal rat WMI model.Conclusions: EC-pEPCs more effectively promote oligovascular remodeling and myelination via CXCL12-CXCR4 axis in the neonatal rat WMI model.
The Study of Iranian Teachers’ and Learners’ Perceptions Towards Implicit and Explicit form - Focused Instruction of Speech Acts
Authors: Shahi Melahat Amir Jahansouz , Gharagozloo Neda 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Pragmatic competence is an essential component in communicative competence (Bachman & Palmer, 2010; Canale, 1983). Therefore, teaching pragmatic knowledge plays an important role in a foreign language curriculum, particularly in teaching English as a ForeignLanguage (EFL). However, there exists a lack of literature about the teaching of pragmatics with little empirical research on teachers’ and learners’ perceptions in Iran. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of focus-on-form instruction (FFI) speech acts on Iranian EFL learners’ pragmatic competence. Cooperative grouping, role plays, and other pragmatically oriented tasks were used to promote the learning of the intended speech acts. To come up with conclusive and persuasive findings, 132 Iranian male and female learners, intermediate- above, served as the subjects. The Oxford Placement Test (OPT) was used to evaluate the participants’ language proficiency level. Teachers’ and students’ questionnaires about the instructions and teachers’ interview were used as the instruments in this study. Data collected by different instruments were analyzed and compared by way of a mixed method and. then was triangulated to enhance its validity and reliability. The finding of the study showed that explicitness leads to better pragmatic knowledge development than the implicit knowledge. This study showed that consciousness-raising at the metapragmatic level improved EFL learners’ pragmatic performance and variety of form-strategy use substantially; thus, it should be taken more seriously in L2 instruction and material development.
Classroom Student Posture Recognition Based on an Improved High-Resolution Network
Authors: Zhang Yiwen , Zhu Tao , Ning Huansheng , Liu Zhenyu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Due to the large number of students in a university classroom and crowded seating, most features are obscured, making it difficult to balance accuracy in identifying students' postures with computational speed. Aiming at the above problems, a classroom student postures recognizes method is proposed. First of all, because we need to recognize multi-person poses in the classroom, we use you only look once (YOLOv3) as the object detection algorithm, and retrain the YOLOv3 to detect human object that groveling to the table. Then to improve the accuracy of pose estimation network, we use the Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SENet) structure embedded in the residual structure of High-Resolution Networks (HRNet). Finally, using the improved HRNet algorithm output of human body key points, we designed a pose classification algorithm based on Support vector machine (SVM), which is used to classify human poses in the classroom. Experiments show that the improved HRNet multi-person poses estimation algorithm result can reach the best AP performance of 73.76 points in the common objects in context (COCO) validation dataset. We tested our designed posture classification algorithm using our own dataset collected in the classroom and were able to achieve a high recognition rate (90.1%) and robustness. and it could effectively solve the difficulty of student postures recognition.
Can a Complex Vocational Rehabilitation Intervention Be Delivered With Fidelity? Fidelity Assessment in the Fresh Feasibility Trial
Authors: Holmes Jain Anne , Fletcher-Smith Joanna Clare , Merchán-Baeza Jose Antionio , Phillips Julie , Radford Kathryn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:Determining whether complex rehabilitation interventions are delivered with fidelity is important as differences can occur between sites, therapists delivering the intervention and over time; threatening trial outcomes and increasing the risk of Type II and Type III errors. Aims: to (1) evaluate implementation fidelity of vocational rehabilitation delivered in FRESH, a multi-centre feasibility randomised controlled trial; and (2) understand factors affecting delivery. Methods:Mixed methods evaluation. Fidelity was measured quantitatively using intervention case report forms, fidelity checklists and clinical records. Qualitative data from mentoring records, interviews with the intervention therapists, participants and their employers and NHS staff at each site explored moderators of implementation fidelity. The quantitative and qualitative data informed data collection tools and analysis. Data were examined against a logic model and benchmarked against an earlier cohort study. Results:Analysis of 38 clinical records (one per participant), 699 content CRFs (42-248 per therapist) and 12 fidelity checklists suggest intervention was delivered as intended. The core intervention process was followed in each case despite therapist variation. Qualitative data from clinical records, fidelity checklists, 183 mentoring records and 38 interviews (4 therapists, 15 trial participants, 6 employers and 13 NHS staff) explained factors affecting intervention fidelity. Fidelity moderators were similar across sites. Facilitators included therapists’ community rehabilitation experience, expert mentoring, and ability to individually tailor intervention. Barriers involved a lack of access to NHS systems no backfill and limited line-manager support. Factors that both helped or hindered intervention delivery were effective communication with participants, intervention acceptability, participants’ changing needs and interagency working. Different fidelity measures answered different questions. Fidelity checklists determined whether intervention processes were followed and explained moderators. Interviews provided insights into acceptability. Adherence was determined by content forms. Mentoring records described implementation barriers and how they were overcome.Conclusions:Mixed methods fidelity assessments enable trialists to identify factors likely to affect intervention fidelity in a definitive trial and longer-term clinical implementation. Mentoring provided insight into engagement and fidelity deviations that could be addressed in real-time, facilitating fidelity and offering a window on trial processesTrial registration: ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN38581822 (Registered: 02/01/2014) (https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN38581822)
Research of Magnetic Particle Imaging Reconstruction based on the Elastic Net Regularization
Authors: Chen Xiaojun , Han Xiao , Wang Xiaolin , Tang Xiaoying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: MPI is an emerging medical imaging modality which is based on the non-linear response of magnetic nanoparticles. The reconstruction task is an inverse problem and ill-posed in nature. Methods: To overcome the problem, we propose to use the EN regularization model. In order to reach a good result with a short reconstruction time, we use the truncated system matrix and the truncated measurement for reconstruction research. Results: In this paper, we study the reconstruction quality of different threshold values and different regularization parameter values. We compare the reconstruction performance of the proposed model with the Tikhonov model and the LASSO model from visualization and performance indicators. Compared with the Tikhonov model and LASSO model, the MPI reconstruction results based on EN were with smaller MSE, higher PSNR/SSIM, and the reconstruction time was much shorter than the Tikhonov model and LASSO model. EN-based reconstruction with almost no artifacts. Discussion: The traditional Tikhonov regularization smooth out the edges with the limited noise suppression ability. The LASSO algorithm overcomes these drawbacks through a prior based on the l 1 norm with stronger noise suppression capabilities and better edges retention ability. Although the LASSO has shown success in many situations, it has some limitations. The EN method is an extension method of LASSO model, which overcomes the limitations of the LASSO in scenarios above. Compared with LASSO, the EN adds the l 2 norm constraint on the basis of the l 1 norm, which is a relatively gentle learning model Conclusion: The conducted study illustrated that the proposed method yields significantly higher reconstruction quality than the state-of-the-art reconstruction method based on Tikhonov model and LASSO model.
Up-regulated RFC2 Predicts Unfavorably Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ji Zaixiong , Li Jiaqi , Wang Jianbo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Replication factor C (RFC) is closely related to tumor progression and metastasis. However, the functional significance of RFC2 in hepatocellular carcinoma remains unclear.Materials and methods: In order to solve this problem, the expression of RFC2 in liver cancer patients was analyzed through ONCOMINE, UALCAN, human protein atlas. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier plotter and GEPIA. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were carried out. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was performed through Metascape.Result: The transcription and protein level of RFC2 in HCC were overexpressed, which was significantly related to the clinical individual cancer stage and pathological tumor grade of HCC patients. In addition, in patients with liver cancer, higher RFC2 expression was found to be significantly correlated with shorter OS and DFS. Furthermore, the function of RFC2 in liver cancer was DNA replication, and its main mechanism was the phase transition of the cell cycle.Conclusion: RFC2 might promote the development of liver cancer. It could also be used as a novel biomarker for the prognosis of liver cancer.
The Vaginal Microbiota and Innate Immunity After Local Excisional Treatment for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Mitra Anita , MacIntyre David A , Paraskevaidi Maria , Moscicki Anna-Barbara , Mahajan Vishakha , Smith Ann , Lee Yun S , Lyons Deirdre , Paraskevaidis Evangelos , Marchesi Julian R , Bennett Phillip R , Kyrgiou Maria 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Vaginal microbiota (VMB) are altered in women with cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) and associate with disease progression. However, the impact of CIN excision on the VMB and innate immunity is not known. This interventional study aims to explore the impact of CIN excision on the VMB, antimicrobial peptides (AMP) and proinflammatory cytokines. We sampled 103 non-pregnant, premenopausal women at the time of excisional treatment for CIN and at their 6-month follow-up visit. A further 39 untreated controls with normal cytology were also sampled. We used metataxonomics to group vaginal swab samples into community state types (CSTs) and ELISA to quantify cytokine and AMPs levels in matched vaginal secretions. Analyses were performed to compare bacterial composition and immune analyte levels before and after CIN excision and in healthy controls.Results: Women with CIN had significantly higher rates of Lactobacillus species depletion pre-treatment compared to healthy controls (CST IV: 21/103, 20% vs 1/39, 3%, p=0.0081). Excision did not change the VMB composition, with CST IV remaining significantly more prevalent after excision compared to untreated, healthy controls (CST IV: 19/103, 20% vs 1/39, 3%, p=0.0142). Prevotella bivia and Sneathia amnii were significantly higher in samples before treatment compared to untreated controls and Prevotella bivia remained significantly higher amongst the treated, with less Lactobacillus crispatus compared to untreated controls. IL-1 and IL-8 remained significantly elevated pre- (p<0.0001 and p=0.0014 respectively) and post-treatment compared to untreated controls (p<0.0001 and p=0.0035 respectively). Levels of human beta-defensin-1 and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor were both significantly reduced following CIN excision (p<0.0001), however their levels remained lower than controls post-treatment.Conclusions: Women with CIN have increased prevalence of Lactobacillus spp. depleted, high-diversity VMB, proinflammatory cytokines and AMPs than normal controls. Surgical excision of the disease reduces levels of vaginal AMPs but does not alter VMB composition or cytokine levels. These findings suggest that women with CIN have an inherent predisposition to a high-diversity proinflammatory environment that is not corrected by disease excision. The failure to re-establish a Lactobacillus enriched CST may explain why women remain at high risk of pre-invasive and invasive disease recurrence.
Effect of Berbamine Hydrochloride on Absorption Parameters of Berberine Hydrochloride Based on in Situ Single-Pass Intestinal Perfusion System in the Rat
Authors: Gao Jie , Feng Hui , Bi Ruohong , Pan Lin , Shi Yi , Han Yunfeng , Tang Xi , Lai Xianrong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:Berberine is a kind of chemical that has obvious effects of lowering blood sugar, lowering blood lipid. The high toxicity of intravenous administration of berberine hydrochloride(BBH), it is only used for oral administration in clinic,but it only about 10% bioavailability. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux function affects drug bioavailability，BBH is the substrate of P-gp, furthermore the recognized inhibitor of P-gp (such as verapamil) can promote the absorption of BBH. Berbamine hydrochloride(BAH) had a significant inhibitory effect on calcium influx after activation of receptor regulated calcium channels, and the calcium antagonistic effect of BAH is similar to that of verapamil. Methods: Based on the in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion method, this article compares the absorption of the BAH ratio group and the BBH control group in different intestinal segments,and investigates their absorption parameters. Results:The results of in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion showed that the absorption rate constant (Ka), effective permeability coefficient (Papp) , and cumulative absorption per unit area per hour (Q) in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of the BAH ratio group were greater than those of the BBH control group, which means that the absorption of BBH in the ratio group increased in various intestinal segments, and the absorption of BBH in the small intestine was promoted by BAH.In addition,the mass concentration ratio of BBH and BAH group is B40:A50, B30:A20，where BBH is better absorbed than other groups. Conclusions:BAH can indeed promote the absorption of BBH,and improve the biological utilization of BBH degree.The mass concentration ratio of BBH and BAH group is B40:A50, B30:A20，where BBH is better absorbed than other groups, providing a basis for the development and research of the subsequent preparation of BBH.
Global Prevalence of Perioperative Outcomes of Surgical Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abate Semagn Mekonnen , Mantefardo Bahiru , Basu Bivash 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic is too challenging globally especially for low and middle-income countries in which the limping health care system is broken with low testing capacity, sub-optimal postoperative care, lack of anesthesia machine filters, and limited personal protective equipment. Body of evidence is lacking on the prevalence of perioperative outcomes of patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this study is aimed to provide the global prevalence of perioperative outcomes of patients with COVID-19.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed/Medline; Science direct and LILACS from December 2019 to August 2020 without language restriction. The Heterogeneity among the included studies was checked with forest plot, χ2 test, I2 test, and the p-values. All observational studies reporting the prevalence of mortality were included.Results: A total of 515 articles were identified from different databases and 50 articles were selected for evaluation after the successive screening. Twenty-three articles with 2947 participants were included. The Meta-Analysis revealed that the global prevalence of perioperative mortality among COVID-19 patients was 20% (95% CI: 15 to 26). The Meta-Analysis also revealed that the rate of postoperative ICU admission was 15% (95% confidence interval (CI):10 to 21).Conclusion: There is one death for every five COVID-19 patients undergoing surgical procedures which entails mitigating strategies to decrease perioperative mortality, provide less risky anesthetic techniques, and alternative management other than surgical procedures.Registration: This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in Prospero's international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42020203362) on August 10, 2020.
VDR inhibits NLRP3 signal in lupus nephritis by competitively binding with importin 4 to suppress NF-κB nuclear translocation
Authors: Huang Jing , Ju Bomiao , An Qi , Zhang Jing , Fan Ping , Hao Zhiming , He Lan , Wang Lei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Rationale: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, and lupus nephritis treatment is limited to immunosuppressive therapy with many problems. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome which plays critical roles in LN pathogenesis. Objectives: This study was designed to explore the therapeutic effect of VDR agonist on LN and its potential mechanisms, aiming to elucidatethe optimal therapy for LN.Findings: In vivo, treatment of MRL/lpr mice since 8 weeks of age with VDR agonist paricalcitol for 8 weeks decreased disease pathogenesis of LN with markedly improved renal pathological changes, decreased urine protein and serum anti-ds-DNA antibody level in a time-depended manner. In MRL/lpr mice of 16 weeks of age with LN, the expression of NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis was upregulated detecteded by ELISA, RT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry, while when treated with VDR agonist paricalcitol, expression of this axis was decreased significantly. Further, it is proved that VDR agonist paricalcitol modulated NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis via inhibiting NF-κB, in addition, co-immunoprecipitation results showed that VDR agonist suppressed NF-κB nuclear translocation by competitively binding with importin 4. In vitro, anti-dsDNA antibody induced apoptosis and upregulation of NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis in mRTECs, which could be reversed by VDR agonist paricalcitol.Conclusions: Vitamin D receptor agonist may be a promising novel therapeutic strategy for patients with lupus nephritis, which paves the way for future preclinical/clinical studies.