bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastable Zirconium Phosphate under Nanoconfinement with Superior Adsorption Capability for Water Treatment
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Shen Jialin , Pan Siyuan , Qian Jieshu , Pan Bingcai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn confined space with length scale of several nanometers, the phase behavior of matter, e.g., nucleation and crystallization, is completely different from its analogue in bulk. However, in environmental applications, the relationship between the nanoconfined crystallization behavior of inorganic crystals and their properties for pollutant removal is rarely elucidated. Herein, an unusual formation of zirconium phosphate (ZrP) crystals as a mixture of both thermodynamically stable α‐ and metastable γ‐phases inside the nanoconfinement of 7.9 nm pores of mesoporous polystyrene (MPS) is reported. This consequently changes the interaction between ZrP and toxic metal cations from nonspecific electrostatic attraction of normal α‐ZrP to highly specific inner‐sphere coordination of nanoconfined γ‐ZrP, which exhibits remarkable reactivity as well as reusability for the removal of toxic metals. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the use of nanoconfinement for the regulation of material properties.
MXene Composite and Coaxial Fibers with High Stretchability and Conductivity for Wearable Strain Sensing Textiles
Authors: Seyedin Shayan , Uzun Simge , Levitt Ariana , Anasori Babak , Dion Genevieve , Gogotsi Yury , Razal Joselito M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe integration of nanomaterials with high conductivity into stretchable polymer fibers can achieve novel functionalities such as sensing physical deformations. With a metallic conductivity that exceeds other solution‐processed nanomaterials, 2D titanium carbide MXene is an attractive material to produce conducting and stretchable fibers. Here, a scalable wet‐spinning technique is used to produce Ti3C2Tx MXene/polyurethane (PU) composite fibers that show both conductivity and high stretchability. The conductivity at a very low percolation threshold of ≈1 wt% is demonstrated, which is lower than the previously reported values for MXene‐based polymer composites. When used as a strain sensor, the MXene/PU composite fibers show a high gauge factor of ≈12900 (≈238 at 50% strain) and a large sensing strain of ≈152%. The cyclic strain sensing performance is further improved by producing fibers with MXene/PU sheath and pure PU core using a coaxial wet‐spinning process. Using a commercial‐scale knitting machine, MXene/PU fibers are knitted into a one‐piece elbow sleeve, which can track various movements of the wearer's elbow. This study establishes fundamental insights into the behavior of MXene in elastomeric composites and presents strategies to achieve MXene‐based fibers and textiles with strain sensing properties suitable for applications in health, sports, and entertainment.
Recent Progress in Transparent Conductors Based on Nanomaterials: Advancements and Challenges
Authors: McLellan Kyra , Yoon Yeosang , Leung Siu N. , Ko Seung Hwan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTransparent conductors are essential to the fabrication of transparent electronics such as touch panels and displays, making them crucial elements in the current electronics industry. With the rapid surge of interest in stretchable electronics, transparent conductors now are also required to be stretchable. Therefore, new approaches to developing transparent and stretchable conductors (TSCs) are needed to replace conventional rigid transparent conductors. Constructing nanocomposites of various nanomaterials and substrates is one of the most promising approaches to developing TSCs due to the nanomaterials' geometrical, mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. Herein, the progress of carbon‐ and metal‐based nanomaterials and conductive polymers composites are investigated and categorization of TSCs based on types of nanomaterials and fabrication techniques are discussed. Lastly, a review of the demonstrated state‐of‐the‐art applications of TSCs and a perspective about the future of TSCs based on nanomaterials are provided.
Direct Conversion of Human Dermal Fibroblasts into Cardiomyocyte‐Like Cells Using CiCMC Nanogels Coupled with Cardiac Transcription Factors and a Nucleoside Drug
Authors: Kim Hye Jin , Oh Hyun Jyung , Park Ji Sun , Lee Jung Sun , Kim Jae‐Hwan , Park Keun‐Hong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUsing direct conversion technology, normal adult somatic cells can be routinely switched from their original cell type into specific differentiated cell types by inducing the expression of differentiation‐related transcription factors. In this study, normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) are directly converted into cardiomyocyte‐like cells by drug and gene delivery using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) nanoparticles (CiCMC‐NPs). CMC‐based multifunctional nanogels containing specific cardiomyocyte‐related genes are designed and fabricated, including GATA4, MEF2C, and TBX5 (GMT). However, GMT alone is insufficient, at least in vitro, in human fibroblasts. Hence, to inhibit proliferation and to induce differentiation, 5‐azacytidine (5‐AZA) is conjugated to the hydroxyl group of CMC in CiCMC‐NPs containing GMT; in addition, the CMC is coated with polyethylenimine. It is confirmed that the CiCMC‐NPs have nanogel properties, and that they exhibit the characteristic effects of 5‐AZA and GMT. When CiCMC‐NPs‐containing 5‐AZA and GMT are introduced into NHDFs, cardiomyocyte differentiation is initiated. In the reprogrammed cells, the mature cardiac‐specific markers cardiac troponin I and α‐actinin are expressed at twofold to threefold higher levels than in NHDFs. Engineered cells transplanted into live hearts exhibit active pumping ability within 1 day. Histology and immunohistology of heart tissue confirm the presence of transplanted engineered NHDF cells at injection sites.
Exogenous jasmonic acid and humic acid increased salinity tolerance of sorghum
Authors: Ali Adam Yousif Adam , Ibrahim Muhi Eldeen Hussien , Zhou Guisheng , Nimir Nimir Eltyb Ahmed , Jiao Xiurong , Zhu Guanglong , Elsiddig Aboagla Mohammed Ibrahim , Suliman Mohamed Suliman Eltyed , Elradi Safiya Babiker Mustafa , Yue Wang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSalinity limits germination and plant growth and development in 45 million ha worldwide. Techniques to overcome this problem are needed. This project investigated the effects of jasmonic acid (JA) (0, 5, and 10 mM JA) and humic acid (HA) (0, 3, and 6 g HA kg−1 soil) on growth and physiological parameters of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) under different NaCl salinity levels (0, 100, and 200 mM NaCl, with an equivalent electrical conductivity (EC) of 0.12 dSm−1 as control treatment, 3.22, and 5.78 dSm−1, respectively). NaCl salinity reduced emergence percentage, emergence rate, salt tolerance index and seedling vigor index, all seedling growth parameters, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll content. Proline content and soluble protein content were increased with salinity. At the 200 mM salinity level, seeds treated with 10 mM JA had a positive effect on emergence percentage, emergence rate, shoot length, total fresh weight, salt tolerance index, seedling vigor index, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content. At 200 mM NaCl salinity level, seeds treated with 6 g HA kg−1 soil had increased root length, total dry weight, salt tolerance index, seedling vigor index, shoot length, protein content, APX, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll in seedlings. The application of 5 mM JA combined with 6 g HA kg−1 soil was most effective in minimizing salinity stress. Our study suggested that the appropriate combined application of HA and JA could efficiently protect early seedlings from salt stress damage and alleviate abiotic stress.
Influence of sex and resistance training status on orofacial muscle strength and morphology in healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 40: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Abe Takashi , Wong Vickie , Spitz Robert W. , Viana Ricardo B. , Bell Zachary W. , Yamada Yujiro , Chatakondi Raksha N. , Loenneke Jeremy P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the orofacial muscle strength and facial muscle thickness between resistance‐trained and non‐resistance trained men and women.MethodsResistance‐trained (25 men and 22 women) and non‐resistance trained (21 men and 30 women) adults (18‐40 years) had standard measurements of orofacial muscle strength (ie, anterior tongue elevation, cheek compression, and lip compression) and ultrasound measurements of facial muscle thickness. Body composition (percent fat, etc.) was estimated using ultrasound prediction Equations. A Bayesian analysis of variance (ANOVA) with between subject factors of training status (yes/no) and sex (man/woman) were used to determine differences in muscle size and strength.ResultsBody mass, height, and percent fat were similar between resistance‐trained and non‐resistance trained individuals, while appendicular lean mass was higher in resistance‐trained. There were no differences in orofacial muscle strength between resistance‐trained and non‐resistance trained. However, men had greater strength in every task except for anterior tongue strength which was similar between sexes (men: 66 vs women: 64 kPa). Handgrip strength was greater in men and in those who were resistance‐trained. The frontalis muscle was greater in women than in men and in those who were non‐resistance‐trained than those resistance‐trained. None of the other muscles differed by training status, however, all were greater in men.ConclusionResults from our cross‐sectional study would suggest that exercise‐stimulation to the facial muscles during resistance training of the limbs and trunk did not reach a level where orofacial muscle strength could be changed. Sex differences in facial muscle thickness are very unique, although the reasons are unclear.
De novo heterozygous missense and loss‐of‐function variants in CDC42BPB are associated with a neurodevelopmental phenotype
Authors: Chilton Ilana , Okur Volkan , Vitiello Giuseppina , Selicorni Angelo , Mariani Milena , Goldenberg Alice , Husson Thomas , Campion Dominique , Lichtenbelt Klaske D. , van Gassen Koen , Steinraths Michelle , Rice Jennifer , Roeder Elizabeth R. , Littlejohn Rebecca O. , Srour Myriam , Sebire Guillaume , Accogli Andrea , Héron Delphine , Heide Solveig , Nava Caroline , Depienne Christel , Larson Austin , Niyazov Dmitriy , Azage Meron , Hoganson George , Burton Jennifer , Rush Eric T. , Jenkins Janda L. , Saunders Carol J. , Thiffault Isabelle , Alaimo Joseph T. , Fleischer Julie , Groepper Daniel , Gripp Karen W. , Chung Wendy K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCDC42BPB encodes MRCKβ (myotonic dystrophy‐related Cdc42‐binding kinase beta), a serine/threonine protein kinase, and a downstream effector of CDC42, which has recently been associated with Takenouchi‐Kosaki syndrome, an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder. We identified 12 heterozygous predicted deleterious variants in CDC42BPB (9 missense, 2 frameshift, and 1 nonsense) in 14 unrelated individuals (confirmed de novo in 11/14) with neurodevelopmental disorders including developmental delay/intellectual disability, autism, hypotonia, and structural brain abnormalities including cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and agenesis/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. The frameshift and nonsense variants in CDC42BPB are expected to be gene‐disrupting and lead to haploinsufficiency via nonsense‐mediated decay. All missense variants are located in highly conserved and functionally important protein domains/regions: 3 are found in the protein kinase domain, 2 are in the citron homology domain, and 4 in a 20‐amino acid sequence between 2 coiled‐coil regions, 2 of which are recurrent. Future studies will help to delineate the natural history and to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms of the missense variants leading to the neurodevelopmental and behavioral phenotypes.
Copper‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Benzylic Bromides with Arylboronic Acids: Synthesis of Diarylalkanes and Preliminary Antifungal Evaluation Against Magnaporthe Grisea
Authors: Zhu Zhu , Liu Jinggong , Dong Shoucheng , Chen Bolai , Wang Zhenghui , Tang Ri‐yuan , Li Zhaodong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractReported herein is the practical synthesis of 1,1‐diarylalkanes motifs via copper‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction of benzylic bromides with arylboronic acids under mild conditions. The protocols show broad scope and good functional group tolerance, and are also applicable to complex natural products. Mechanistic study indicates a radical mechanism. Moreover, preliminary antibacterial evaluation against Magnaporthe grisea is also described for the first time.
Predictive modelling of mesophotic habitats in the north‐western Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Sterne Travis Keenan , Retchless David , Allee Rebecca , Highfield Wesley 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Effective management of marine resources requires an understanding of the spatial distribution of biologically important communities.
The north‐western Gulf of Mexico contains diverse marine ecosystems at a large range of depths and geographic settings. To better understand the distribution of these marine habitats across large geographic areas under consideration for marine sanctuary status, presence‐only predictive modelling was used.
Results confirmed that local geographic characteristics can accurately predict the probability of occurrence for marine habitat types, and include a novel technique for assigning a single, most likely habitat in areas where multiple habitats are predicted.
The highest resolution bathymetric data (10 m) available for the region was used to develop raster layers that represent characteristics that have been shown to influence species occurrence in other settings.
A georeferenced historical photo record collected via remotely operated vehicle was classified according to six commonly found mesophotic habitats across the 18 reefs and banks under consideration for Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary boundary expansion.
Using maximum entropy modelling, the influence of local geographic characteristics on the presence of these habitats was measured and a spatial probability distribution was developed for each habitat type across the study area.
Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence Materials for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Zhi Jiahuan , Zhou Qian , Shi Huifang , An Zhongfu , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOrganic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have drawn increasing attention due to their unique features, especially the long emission lifetime for applications in biomedicine. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent developments of organic RTP materials applied in the biomedicine field. First, we introduce the basic mechanism of phosphorescence and subsequently we present various strategies of modulating the lifetime and efficiency of room temperature organic phosphorescence. Next, we summarize the progress of organic RTP materials in biological applications, including bioimaging, anti‐cancer and antibacterial therapies. Finally, we provide an outlook with regard to the challenges and future perspectives in the field.
A Remote ‘Imidazole’‐Based Ruthenium(II) Para‐Cymene Pre‐catalyst for the Selective Oxidation Reaction of Alkyl Arenes and Alcohols
Authors: Dutta Manali , Bania Kusum K. , Pratihar Sanjay 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHerein we disclosed the use of a remote ‘imidazole’‐based precatalyst [(para‐cymene)RuII(L)Cl]+, C‐1 where L=2‐(4‐substituted‐phenyl)‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10] phenanthroline) for the selective oxidation of a variety of alkyl arenes/heteroarenes and alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes or ketones in presence of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). The remote ‘imidazole’ moiety present in the complex facilitates the activation of oxidant and subsequent generation of active species via the release of para‐cymene from C‐1, which in‐turn was less effective without the ‘imidazole’ moiety. The mechanistic features of C‐1 promoted oxidation of alkyl arenes were also assessed from spectroscopic, kinetic, and few control experiments. The substrate scope for C‐1 promoted oxidation reaction was assessed based on the selective oxidation of 27‐different alkyl arenes/heteroarenes and 25 different alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes/ketones in moderate to good yields.
Exosomal Sonic Hedgehog derived from cancer‐associated fibroblasts promotes proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Guiping , Li Hengcun , Guo Qingdong , Zhou Anni , Wang Xingyu , Li Peng , Zhang Shutian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignancies in China. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can actively communicate with and stimulate tumor cells, thereby contributing to the development and progression of tumors. Yet, whether CAFs‐derived exosomes have a role in the progression of ESCC is largely unknown. Here, we find that Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) is highly expressed in CAFs lysis solution, conditioned medium of cultured CAFs (CAF‐CM) and CAFs‐derived exosomes, and esophageal cancer cell lines educated by CAF‐CM and CAFs‐derived exosomes can improve their growth and migration abilities in vitro and in vivo. Besides, those effects can be partly neutralized by cyclopamine, inhibitor of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Thus, our research elucidates the crucial role of CAFs‐derived exosomes in the growth and progression of ESCC, and may open up new avenues in the treatment of ESCC.
Analytical Applications of Electrochemically Pretreated Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrodes
Authors: Lourencao Bruna C. , Brocenschi Ricardo F. , Medeiros Roberta A. , Fatibello‐Filho Orlando , Rocha‐Filho Romeu C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe several outstanding properties of boron‐doped diamond electrodes (BDDEs) have allowed their application for various purposes, among them electrochemical sensing. However, the electrochemical response of many redox species on BDDEs can be strongly dependent on whether their surfaces are predominantly hydrogen‐ (HT) or oxygen‐terminated (OT). Fortuitously, electrochemical pretreatments themselves can be used to enrichin situthe BDEE surface in one or the other type of termination. The surface of a cathodically pretreated BBDE (CPT‐BDDE) becomes enriched in HTs, whereas that of an anodically pretreated BDDE (APT‐BDEE) becomes enriched in OTs. Thus, when suitable, the electrochemical activity of a BDDE for a given analyte may be tuned by electrochemical pretreatments, yielding enhanced sensing properties. The main purpose of this review is the compilation and discussion of papers published after 2009 reporting on electroanalytical applications based on a CPT‐BDDE or an APT‐BDDE. Procedures to perform proper electrochemical pretreatments are also discussed.
Downgrading of grade group 2 intermediate‐risk prostate cancer from biopsy to radical prostatectomy: Comparison of outcomes and predictors to identify potential candidates for active surveillance
Authors: Su Zhuo T. , Patel Hiten D. , Epstein Jonathan I. , Pavlovich Christian P. , Allaf Mohamad E. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundA proportion of men with grade group (GG) 2 intermediate risk (IR) prostate cancer are downgraded to GG1 or harbor favorable pathology (FP, defined as GG1 or GG2 with <5% Gleason pattern 4) at radical prostatectomy (RP). Prediction of downgrading or FP may help identify potential active surveillance candidates within this group that have outcomes similar to biopsy low‐risk (LR) disease.MethodsWe performed a comparative cohort study of biopsy LR and IR men who underwent RP at The Johns Hopkins Hospital and Bayview Medical Center between 2005 and 2018. We evaluated pathological outcomes at RP and recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were applied and individual predicted probabilities were calculated.ResultsAmong 2943 biopsy GG2 IR patients, 223 (7.6%) were downgraded to GG1, while 525 (17.8%) had FP; 730 of 1325 biopsy LR patients (55.1%) were upgraded (GG >1). Concordance statistics for final predictive regression models were 0.76 for downgrading and 0.70 for upgrading. Biopsy GG2 IR patients downgrading to GG1 or harboring FP had similar RFS to biopsy LR patients. A cutoff of >10% predicted probability of downgrading (24.7% of patients; hazard ratio [HR], 1.55; 95% CI, 0.89‐2.68) or >20% predicted probability of FP (37.0% of patients; HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.81‐2.24) led to similar RFS to biopsy LR patients.ConclusionGG2 IR patients who experience downgrading or harbor FP had similar oncologic outcomes as LR patients. The developed models may serve as tools to inform patients about the risks of pathological downgrading/upgrading and help identify a segment of GG2 IR patients who would consider pursuing active surveillance based on predicted probability cutoffs.
Understanding the Role of Chalcogens in Ether‐Based Luminophores with Aggregation‐Induced Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
Authors: Riebe Steffen , Wölper Christoph , Balszuweit Jan , Hayduk Matthias , Gutierrez Suburu Matias Ezequiel , Strassert Cristian A. , Doltsinis Nikos L. , Voskuhl Jens 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe describe the role of chalcogen variation (O, S, Se and Te) on the photoluminescence properties of ether‐based luminophores showing aggregation‐induced fluorescence and phosphorescence. To this end, a library of eleven different compounds with varying substitution patterns was synthesized and analyzed in terms of their photophysical properties. Ortho‐ and tetra‐ selenoethers revealed remarkable phosphorescence properties. To the best of our knowledge, these are one of the first phosphorescent organic selenium‐containing compounds featuring AIE properties. Besides photophysical investigations, X‐ray diffractometric analyses were performed, yielding the molecular structures of nine compounds in a crystalline environment, facilitating a direct correlation between the packing and the emission performances. All experimental results were supported by quantum chemical calculations providing an in‐depth understanding of the role of chalcogens within this class of compounds.
Low‐power class‐AB 4th‐order low‐pass filter based on current conveyors with dynamic mismatch compensation of biasing errors
Authors: Centurelli Francesco , Monsurrò Pietro , Stornelli Vincenzo , Barile Gianluca , Trifiletti Alessandro 
Published: February 2020

SummaryA 4th‐order Butterworth class‐AB current‐mode low‐pass filter is proposed, based on second‐generation Current Conveyors (CCII). Class‐AB operation allows high‐power efficiency and driving large loads with small quiescent currents. The CCII topology uses the class‐AB output buffer with error amplifiers: this topology is known to be sensitive to mismatch errors, which cause offsets in the error amplifiers, affecting the biasing current of the stage. This problem is solved via a control loop, which compensates the effect of mismatches. The technique is shown to be effective in Monte Carlo simulations with process variations and mismatches. Simulations have been carried out in 40 nm CMOS technology. The proposed filter achieves good power efficiency, thanks to the class‐AB architecture, and good dynamic range, thanks to the closed‐loop output buffer. A cut‐off frequency of 6 MHz, with 184 μW of total quiescent power consumption, is achieved, with a THD of ‐55 dB and a SNR of 49 dB.