bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and genotyping identification of Cryptosporidium in adult ruminants in central Iran
Authors: Firoozi Zohre , Sazmand Alireza , Zahedi Alireza , Astani Akram , Fattahi-Bafghi Ali , Kiani-Salmi Narges , Ebrahimi Behnam , Dehghani-Tafti Arefeh , Ryan Una , Akrami-Mohajeri Fateme 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Apicomplexan parasites of the genus Cryptosporidium infect a wide range of animal species as well as humans. Cryptosporidium spp. can cause life threatening diarrhea especially in young animals, children, immunocompromised patients and malnourished individuals. Asymptomatic cryptosporidial infections in animals can also occur, making these animals potential reservoirs of infection.

Methods
In the present study, a molecular survey of Cryptosporidium spp. in ruminants that were slaughtered for human consumption in Yazd Province, located in central Iran was conducted. Faeces were collected per-rectum from 484 animals including 192 cattle, 192 sheep and 100 goats. DNA was extracted from all samples and screened for Cryptosporidium by PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA gene. Positives were Sanger sequenced and further subtyped by sequence analysis of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) locus.

Results
In total, Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 22 animals: C. andersoni and C. bovis in seven and two cattle faecal samples, respectively, C. ubiquitum in five sheep, and C. xiaoi in six sheep and two goat samples, respectively. To our knowledge, this study provides for the first time, molecular information concerning Cryptosporidium species infecting goats in Iran, and is also the first report of C. ubiquitum and C. xiaoi from ruminants in Iran.

Conclusion
The presence of potentially zoonotic species of Cryptosporidium in ruminants in this region may suggest that livestock could potentially contribute to human cryptosporidiosis, in particular among farmers and slaughterhouse workers, in the area. Further molecular studies on local human populations are required to more accurately understand the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of Cryptosporidium spp. in this region.
Efficacy of sarolaner (Simparica®) against induced infestations of Haemaphysalis longicornis on dogs
Authors: Oda Kenji , Yonetake Wakako , Fujii Takeshi , Hodge Andrew , Six Robert H. , Maeder Steven , Rugg Douglas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Haemaphysalis longicornis is the major tick affecting dogs in most of the East Asia/Pacific region and has recently been detected in a number of areas of the USA. This tick is a vector for a number of pathogens of dogs, other mammals and humans. In this study, the efficacy of a single oral administration of sarolaner (Simparica®, Zoetis) at the minimum label dosage (2 mg/kg) was evaluated against an existing infestation of H. longicornis and subsequent weekly reinfestations for 5 weeks after treatment.

Methods
Sixteen dogs were ranked on pretreatment tick counts and randomly allocated to treatment on Day 0 with sarolaner at 2 mg/kg or a placebo. The dogs were infested with H. longicornis nymphs on Days − 2, 5, 12, 19, 26 and 33. Efficacy was determined at 48 hours after treatment and subsequent re-infestations based on live tick counts relative to placebo-treated dogs.

Results
There were no adverse reactions to treatment. A single dose of sarolaner provided 100% efficacy on Days 2, 7, 14 and 21; and ≥ 97.4% efficacy on Days 28 and 35. Considering only attached, live ticks, efficacy was 100% for the entire 35 days of the study. Geometric mean live tick counts for sarolaner were significantly lower than those for placebo on all days (11.62 ≤ t(df) ≤ 59.99, where 13.0 ≤ df ≤ 14.1, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
In this study, a single oral administration of sarolaner at 2 mg/kg provided 100% efficacy against an existing infestation of H. longicornis nymphs and ≥ 97.4% efficacy (100% against attached ticks) against weekly reinfestation for at least 35 days after treatment.
Patterns of genetic divergence among populations of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) in the southeastern USA
Authors: Hopperstad Kristen A. , Reiskind Michael H. , Labadie Paul E. , Burford Reiskind Martha O. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe yellow fever mosquito,Aedes aegyptiis a public health concern in the USA, especially in the wake of emergent diseases such as Zika and chikungunya.Aedes aegyptipopulations dwindled after the invasion ofAedes albopictusin the 1980s and many populations were extirpated. However, in some areasAe. aegyptipersisted in small populations and there are reports of recent resurgences ofAe. aegyptiin Florida, Louisiana, Nevada and California. We assessed the population genetic structure ofAe. aegyptiin Florida and Georgia, which has concomitant consequences related to mosquito dispersal, pesticide resistance and vectorial capacity.MethodsWe collectedAe. aegyptiacross Florida and in Georgia using ovitraps. We hatched the eggs and reared them to adults, and after sacrifice we extracted their DNA. We then probed each individual for variation in 6 microsatellite markers, which we used to address population genetic characteristics.ResultsWe collectedAe. aegyptiand genotyped seven Florida populations and one Georgia population using microsatellite markers. We found evidence of isolation by distance model of gene flow supported by driving distance among cities within Florida and two theoretic genetic clusters.ConclusionsSignificant genetic structure between some populations with substantial gene flow between geographically distant cities suggests regional genetic structuring ofAe. aegyptiin Florida. This study provides information on the genetic exchange between populations ofAe. aegyptiin the southeastern USA and suggests potential routes of spread of this species.
Prevalence of antenatal depression and associated factors among pregnant women in Aneded woreda, North West Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Habtamu Belete Abebe , Alemayehu Assega Mulunesh , Alemu Abajobir Amanuel , Abebe Belay Yihalem , Kassahun Tariku Mengistie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the prevalence of antenatal depression and factors associated with antenatal depression among pregnant women in Aneded woreda, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019. A community based- cross sectional study was conducted in Aneded woreda among 7 kebles’ of North-West, Ethiopia from March 16 to April 23, 2019. A total of 342 pregnant women were recruited using simple random sampling.

Result
The prevalence of antenatal depression was 15.20%. Urban residence [AOR = 6.8; 95% CI (1.97, 23.32)], marital status of being unmarried [AOR = 5.1; 95% CI (1.79, 14.63)], occupation of being government employee [AOR = 8.8; 95% CI (2.06, 37.12)] and merchant [AOR = 3.7; 95% CI (1.27, 10.91)], prim gravid [AOR = 5.3; 95% CI (2.03, 13.82)], not attend ANC follow up [AOR = 8.7; 95% CI (3.46, 21.79)], intimate partner violence [AOR = 4.5; 95% CI (1.28, 15.52)], unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 6.2; 95% CI (2.37, 16.06)], and substance use [AOR = 5.6; 95% CI (2.12, 14.92)] were significantly factors. Strengthen the risk prevention activities so important to tackle the problem of antenatal depression.
Assessment of liver marker enzymes and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Shibabaw Tewodros , Dessie Gashaw , Molla Meseret Derbew , Zerihun Muluken Fekadie , Ayelign Birhanu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to assess the level of aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Northwest Ethiopia.

Results
Using a cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 192 Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) participants and 192 healthy age and sex-matched volunteers. The study was carried out from May to August 2017. The serum concentration of aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase were measured using A25 Bio-system fully automatic chemistry analyzer and using the manufacturer’s kit of the machine. Liver function test results of T2DM participant were significantly higher than those of the control group, serum ALT (46.06 ± 22. 38 IU/L) and serum AST (42.94 ± 19. 08 IU/L), P < 0.001, while the level of GGT in both study groups was not significantly associated (P = 0.065). In conclusion, the evaluation of liver marker enzymes showed a significant association with Type 2 diabetes participants compared with the controls.
Smoking index, lifestyle factors, and genomic instability assessed by single-cell gel electrophoresis: a cross-sectional study in subjects from Yucatan, Mexico
Authors: Locken-Castilla Alejandra , Pacheco-Pantoja Elda Leonor , Rodríguez-Brito Fátima , May-Kim Sherlin , López-Rivas Victor , Ceballos-Cruz Angel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt is widely accepted that genomic instability is associated with several mechanisms involving oxidative stress, which can increase the rate of DNA breaks. Such factors include smoking, impairments in body composition, an unhealthy lifestyle, and a hereditary history of cancer. The aim was to evaluate the degree of association of genomic instability in smokers and non-smokers, and how the risk could change depending on the lifestyle and other causes. For this purpose, a survey of tobacco consumption, dietary patterns, physical activity, antecedents of cancer, and body composition assessment was carried out. Genomic instability was evaluated through a single-cell gel electrophoresis using peripheral blood mononuclear cells in three different conditions of oxidative stress. The analysis of genomic damage degree was performed through a dimension reduction procedure (principal component analysis) from 16 parameters per treatment (adding up 48 parameters of genomic damage per subject) and a binary logistic regression model for DNA fragmentation risk.ResultsThe sample consisted of 82 participants, divided into three age groups: young adults (18–35 years), adults (36–59 years), and older adults (60–95 years). As expected, the results showed a significant positive correlation of age with genomic damage rates, represented by 2 PCA groups (p = 0.027,p = 0.004). There were consistent significant positive associations of genomic damage rates with smoking index and three PCA groups (p = 0.007,p = 0.004,p = 0.009). The smoking status and age group analysis revealed that there were significant differences for adult smokers with the same aforementioned PCA groups (p = 0.002,p = 0.001,p = 0.010). In addition, higher DNA damage rates were found in subjects with incorrect diet patterns, long sitting hours, and previous exposure to radiation. The analysis with binary logistic regression displayed two models in which lifestyles (age, diet, and/or sedentarism) did not change the significance of smoking index for DNA fragmentation risk; however, when physical activity was present in the model, the smoking index was not a significant factor for DNA damage risk.ConclusionsAlthough it is well known that smoking affects human health in different ways, DNA fragmentation can be analyzed by a damage phenotypic analysis and integrate a risk analysis reshaped by diet and lifestyle in general.
Successful pregnancy for primary amenorrhea and recurrent implantation failure and the role of hysteroscopic adhesiolysis: a case report
Authors: Khrait Zakwan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Infertility continues to be an enigmatic and emerging problem. Although in vitro fertilization has proved to be revolutionary and immensely beneficial to many people, it is far from perfect, and many women experience recurrent in vitro fertilization failures. There can be a multitude of factors involved in recurrent in vitro fertilization failures. The aim of this report was to explore the role of hysteroscopy in determining potential causes of in vitro fertilization failure and how the relevant hysteroscopic findings can address the issue of infertility in terms of a subsequent successful in vitro fertilization.

Case presentation
A 37-year-old white Arab woman with a history of eight in vitro fertilization failures and one curettage performed for a blighted ovum presented to our hospital because of inability to conceive. Her past medical history was significant for hypothyroidism and positive factor V Leiden. She underwent hystero contrast sonography, which revealed a normal uterine cavity with irregular fillings in the right corner. To explore this further, hysteroscopy was performed, which showed dense adhesions in the right upper corner and first-degree adhesions in the lower half of the uterus. After undergoing adhesiolysis and a cycle of estradiol valerate and progesterone, the patient successfully conceived twins.

Conclusions
Hysteroscopy may play an important role before or in conjunction with assisted reproductive techniques to help infertile women and couples achieve their goals of pregnancy and live birth of a child.
Radio-detoxified LPS alters bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles and endothelial progenitor cells
Authors: Hegyesi Hargita , Sándor Nikolett , Sáfrány Géza , Lovas Virág , Kovács Árpád , Takács Angéla , Kőhidai László , Turiák Lilla , Kittel Ágnes , Pálóczi Krisztina , Bertók Lóránd , Buzás Edit Irén 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Stem cell-based therapies raise hope for cell replacement and provide opportunity for cardiac regenerative medicine and tumor therapy. Extracellular vesicles are a membrane-enclosed intercellular delivery system with the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment of a variety of disorders. As the incidence of breast cancer continues to rise, radiotherapy has emerged as a leading treatment modality. Radiotherapy also increases the risk of coronary heart disease and cardiac mortality. In a chest-irradiated mouse model of cardiac injury, we investigated the effects of local irradiation. We found an increased lethality after 16 Gy irradiation. Importantly, radio-detoxified LPS (RD-LPS) treatment prolonged the survival significantly. By flow cytometry, we demonstrated that upon administration of RD-LPS, the number of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells increased in the bone marrow and, in particular, in the circulation. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis showed that RD-LPS altered the proteomic composition of bone marrow cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). RD-LPS treatment increased interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 (IFITM3) expression markedly both in bone marrow cells and in bone marrow cell-derived small extracellular vesicles. This is the first study to demonstrate that radio-detoxified LPS treatment induces an increase of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in parallel with a reduced radiotherapy-related mortality. While the total number of bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles was significantly increased 24 h after treatment in the RD-LPS groups, the number of endothelial progenitor cells was reduced in animals injected with GW4896 (a chemical inhibitor of exosome biogenesis) as compared with controls. In contrast to these in vivo results, in vitro experiments did not support the effect of sEVs on EPCs. Our data raise the intriguing possibility that IFITM3 may serve as a marker of the radio-detoxified LPS treatment.
Host-range shift of H3N8 canine influenza virus: a phylodynamic analysis of its origin and adaptation from equine to canine host
Authors: He Wanting , Li Gairu , Wang Ruyi , Shi Weifeng , Li Kemang , Wang Shilei , Lai Alexander , Su Shuo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Prior to the emergence of H3N8 canine influenza virus (CIV) and the latest avian-origin H3N2 CIV, there was no evidence of a circulating canine-specific influenza virus. Molecular and epidemiological evidence suggest that H3N8 CIV emerged from H3N8 equine influenza virus (EIV). This host-range shift of EIV from equine to canine hosts and its subsequent establishment as an enzootic CIV is unique because this host-range shift was from one mammalian host to another. To further understand this host-range shift, we conducted a comprehensive phylodynamic analysis using all the available whole-genome sequences of H3N8 CIV. We found that (1) the emergence of H3N8 CIV from H3N8 EIV occurred in approximately 2002; (2) this interspecies transmission was by a reassortant virus of the circulating Florida-1 clade H3N8 EIV; (3) once in the canine species, H3N8 CIV spread efficiently and remained an enzootic virus; (4) H3N8 CIV evolved and diverged into multiple clades or sublineages, with intra and inter-lineage reassortment. Our results provide a framework to understand the molecular basis of host-range shifts of influenza viruses and that dogs are potential “mixing vessels” for the establishment of novel influenza viruses.
Helsinki by nature: The Nature Step to Respiratory Health
Authors: Haahtela Tari , von Hertzen Leena , Anto Josep M. , Bai Chunxue , Baigenzhin Abay , Bateman Eric D. , Behera Digambar , Bennoor Kazi , Camargos Paulo , Chavannes Niels , de Sousa Jaime Correia , Cruz Alvaro , Do Céu Teixeira Maria , Erhola Marina , Furman Eeva , Gemicioğlu Bilun , Gonzalez Diaz Sandra , Hellings Peter W. , Jousilahti Pekka , Khaltaev Nikolai , Kolek Vitezslav , Kuna Piotr , La Grutta Stefania , Lan Le Thi Tuyet , Maglakelidze Tamaz , Masjedi Mohamed R. , Mihaltan Florin , Mohammad Yousser , Nunes Elizabete , Nyberg Arvid , Quel Jorge , Rosado-Pinto Jose , Sagara Hironori , Samolinski Boleslaw , Schraufnagel Dean , Sooronbaev Talant , Tag Eldin Mohamed , To Teresa , Valiulis Arunas , Varghese Cherian , Vasankari Tuula , Viegi Giovanni , Winders Tonya , Yañez Anahi , Yorgancioğlu Arzu , Yusuf Osman , Bousquet Jean , Billo Nils E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Nature Step to Respiratory Healthwas the overarching theme of the 12th General Meeting of the Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) in Helsinki, August 2018. New approaches are needed to improve respiratory health and reduce premature mortality of chronic diseases by 30% till 2030 (UN Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs). Planetary health is defined as the health of human civilization and the state of the natural systems on which it depends. Planetary health and human health are interconnected, and both need to be considered by individuals and governments while addressing several SDGs.ResultsThe concept of the Nature Step has evolved from innovative research indicating, how changed lifestyle in urban surroundings reduces contact with biodiverse environments, impoverishes microbiota, affects immune regulation and increases risk of NCDs. The Nature Step calls for strengthening connections to nature. Physical activity in natural environments should be promoted, use of fresh vegetables, fruits and water increased, and consumption of sugary drinks, tobacco and alcohol restricted. Nature relatedness should be part of everyday life and especially emphasized in the care of children and the elderly. Taking “nature” to modern cities in a controlled way is possible but a challenge for urban planning, nature conservation, housing, traffic arrangements, energy production, and importantly for supplying and distributing food. Actions against the well-known respiratory risk factors, air pollution and smoking, should be taken simultaneously.ConclusionsIn Finland and elsewhere in Europe, successful programmes have been implemented to reduce the burden of respiratory disorders and other NCDs. Unhealthy behaviour can be changed by well-coordinated actions involving all stakeholders. The growing public health concern caused by NCDs in urban surroundings cannot be solved by health care alone; a multidisciplinary approach is mandatory.
Effects of aerobic exercise in the treatment of older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a protocol of a systematic review
Authors: de Oliveira Naiane Teixeira Bastos , dos Santos Irlei , Miyamoto Gisela Cristiane , Cabral Cristina Maria Nunes 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Chronic musculoskeletal pain affects the quality of life of older adults by interfering in their ability to perform activities of daily living. Aerobic exercise programs have been used in the treatment of various health conditions, including musculoskeletal disorders. However, there is still little evidence on the effects of aerobic exercise for the treatment of older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Thus, the objective of this study is to assess the effects of aerobic exercise in improving pain and function of older adults with chronic pain as a consequence of different chronic musculoskeletal conditions.

Methods
The databases to be used in the search are PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Randomized controlled trials that used aerobic exercise in the treatment of older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain will be included. Primary outcomes will be pain and function. We will use the PEDro scale to evaluate the methodological quality and statistical description of each included study, and the strength of the recommendations will be summarized using GRADE.

Discussion
The results of this systematic review will provide a synthesis of the current evidence on the effects of aerobic exercise in the treatment of older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. In addition, this information can help health professionals in decision-making about the use of aerobic exercise in the treatment of older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Ethics and dissemination
This systematic review was recorded prospectively, and the results will be part of a doctoral thesis to be published in a peer-reviewed international journal and possibly presented at international conferences.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO, CRD42019118903.
Convergence rate analysis of an iterative algorithm for solving the multiple-sets split equality problem
Authors: Sun Shijie , Feng Meiling , Shi Luoyi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper considers an iterative algorithm of solving the multiple-sets split equality problem (MSSEP) whose step size is independent of the norm of the related operators, and investigates its sublinear and linear convergence rate. In particular, we present a notion of bounded Hölder regularity property for the MSSEP, which is a generalization of the well-known concept of bounded linear regularity property, and give several sufficient conditions to ensure it. Then we use this property to conclude the sublinear and linear convergence rate of the algorithm. In the end, some numerical experiments are provided to verify the validity of our consequences.
Synchronization of bidirectional N-coupled fractional-order chaotic systems with ring connection based on antisymmetric structure
Authors: Jiang Cuimei , Zada Akbar , Şenel M. Tamer , Li Tongxing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper discusses the synchronization problem of N-coupled fractional-order chaotic systems with ring connection via bidirectional coupling. On the basis of the direct design method, we design the appropriate controllers to transform the fractional-order error dynamical system into a nonlinear system with antisymmetric structure. By choosing appropriate fractional-order Lyapunov functions and employing the fractional-order Lyapunov-based stability theory, several sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the asymptotical stabilization of the fractional-order error system at the origin. The proposed method is universal, simple, and theoretically rigorous. Finally, some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the validity of theoretical results.