bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in HIV risk and healthcare engagement factors in Filipinx transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men who reported being HIV negative, HIV positive or HIV unknown
Authors: Restar Arjee J , Jin Harry , Ogunbajo Adedotun , Adia Alexander , Surace Anthony , Hernandez Laufred , Cu‐Uvin Susan , Operario Don 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding HIV risk and healthcare engagement of at‐risk individuals by HIV status is vital to informing HIV programmes in settings where the HIV epidemic is rapidly expanding like the Philippines. This study examined differences in HIV risk and healthcare engagement factors among Filipinx transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men (trans‐WSM and cis‐MSM respectively) who self‐reported being HIV negative, HIV positive or HIV unknown.MethodsBetween 2018 and 2019, we conducted Project #ParaSaAtin, an online cross‐sectional survey that examined the structural, social and behavioural factors impacting HIV services among Filipinx trans‐WSM and cis‐MSM (n = 318). We performed multinomial regression procedures to determine factors associated with HIV status (with HIV‐negative referent). Co‐variates included participant demographics, experiences of social marginalization, HIV risk, healthcare engagement and alcohol and substance problems.ResultsSelf‐reported HIV status of the sample was as follows: 38% HIV negative, 34% HIV positive and 28% HIV unknown. Relative to HIV‐negative respondents, HIV‐positive respondents were more likely to be older (25‐ to 29‐year‐old adjusted risk ratio [aRRR]=5.08, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] = 1.88 to 13.72; 30‐ to 34‐year‐old aRRR = 4.11, 95% CI = 1.34 to 12.58; and 35 + years old aRRR = 8.13, 95% CI = 2.40 to 27.54, vs. 18 to 25 years old respectively), to live in Manila (aRRR = 5.89, 95% CI = 2.20 to 15.72), exhibit hazardous drinking (aRRR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.37 to 6.00) and problematic drug use (aRRR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.21 to 7.13). HIV‐positive respondents were less likely to identify as straight (aRRR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.72), and were more likely to avoid HIV services due to lack of anti‐lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) discrimination policies (aRRR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.14 to 0.90). Relative to HIV‐negative respondents, HIV‐unknown respondents were less educated (some college aRRR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.37, beyond college aRRR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.09 to 0.99, vs. high school or below respectively), had lower HIV knowledge (aRRR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.20 to 0.71), and were less communicative about safer sex (ARR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.09 to 0.92). Moreover, HIV‐unknown respondents were also more likely to have avoided HIV services due to cost (aRRR = 4.46, 95% CI = 1.73 to 11.52).ConclusionsThis study highlights differences in HIV risks and healthcare engagement by HIV status. These findings show different barriers exist per HIV status group, and underscore the need to address Filipinx trans‐WSM and cis‐MSM’s poor engagement in HIV services in the Philippines.
Preparation and application of yellow fever virus NS1 protein‐specific monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Liu Duoduo , Chen Dongmiao , Zhang Tingting , Yu Nan , Ren Ruiwen , Chen Yue , Wang Congrong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractYellow fever is an acute infectious disease that is common in Africa and South America and causes thousands of deaths annually. However, there are very few studies on yellow fever virus (YFV) antigen detection kits. As a detection target, the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) has been successfully used in the early diagnosis of dengue virus (a member of the Flaviviridae family) infection. In this study, we used monoclonal antibody technology to prepare anti‐YFV NS1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and identified their immunological properties. Next, we used two mouse MAbs that can recognize different epitopes of YFV NS1 as capture and detection antibodies to establish a YFV NS1 antigen‐capture enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The antigen‐capture ELISA displayed exclusive specificity to YFV without cross‐reaction with other related members of the flavivirus family, including the dengue virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus. Additionally, the detection sensitivity towards the YFV culture supernatant was 103 TCID50/mL and the detection positivity rate was 95% compared with reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, this newly developed NS1 antigen‐capture ELISA with high sensitivity and specificity could be used as an efficient method for the early diagnosis of YFV infection in animals or humans.
Asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in pregnant patients in an Italian city during the complete lockdown
Authors: Massarotti Claudia , Adriano Marco , Cagnacci Angelo , Gorlero Franco , Gustavino Claudio , Vallerino Gabriele , Paolucci Roberta , Di Luca Martina , Anserini Paola , Ferraiolo Antonella 
Published: August 2020

AbstractData from both New York and London report a high prevalence of the asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection in pregnant patients admitted for delivery, raising questions on the possible correlated dangers (ie, contacts with healthcare workers; the possible creation of an intrahospital outbreak at birth; and conflicting evidence on vertical transmission). For this study, results from SARS‐CoV‐2 screening via nasopharyngeal swab from maternity wards of the four hospitals of Genoa, Italy, were collected during a month of complete lockdown from 1 April to 30 April 2020. Out of 333 tested women, only 9 were symptomatic. Only one symptomatic patient (0.3%) and six asymptomatic ones (1.8%) tested positive. Out of the six positive asymptomatic patients, five were from the most disadvantaged neighborhood of the city (assessed by postal code). In conclusion, even if Italy was badly affected by coronavirus disease 2019 in the studied month, the reported prevalence of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in asymptomatic pregnant patients at term was lower than the ones reported in the literature.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients from a US payer perspective
Authors: Alsumali Adnan , Chemaly Roy F. , Graham Jonathan , Jiang Yiling , Merchant Sanjay , Miles LaStella , Schelfhout Jonathan , Yang Joe , Tang Yuexin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of letermovir versus no prophylaxis for the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in adult cytomegalovirus‐seropositive allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo‐HCT) recipients. A decision model for 100 patients was developed to estimate the probabilities of cytomegalovirus infection, cytomegalovirus disease, various other complications, and death in patients receiving letermovir versus no prophylaxis. The probabilities of clinical outcomes were based on the pivotal phase 3 trial of letermovir use for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis versus placebo in adult cytomegalovirus‐seropositive recipients of an allo‐HCT. Costs of prophylaxis with letermovir and of each clinical outcome were derived from published sources or the trial clinical study reports. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs) in terms of cost per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gained were used in the model. One‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore uncertainty around the base‐case analysis. In this model, the use of letermovir prophylaxis would lead to an increase of QALYs (619) and direct medical cost ($1  733  794) compared with no prophylaxis (578 QALYs; $710  300) in cytomegalovirus‐seropositive recipients of an allo‐HCT. Letermovir use for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis was a cost‐effective option versus no prophylaxis with base‐case analysis ICER $25 046/QALY gained. One‐way sensitivity analysis showed the most influential parameter was mortality rate. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed a 92% probability of letermovir producing an ICER below the commonly accepted willingness‐to‐pay threshold of $100 000/QALY gained. Based on this model, letermovir use for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis was a cost‐effective option in adult cytomegalovirus‐seropositive recipients of an allo‐HCT.
Analytical method for the evaluation of singular integrals arising from boundary element method in electromagnetism
Authors: Oueslati Soumaya , Balloumi Imen , Daveau Christian , Khelifi Abdessatar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe present a new method for the explicit evaluation of single and double layers involved in a boundary element method to solve Maxwell's equations in the harmonic regime. This is an analytical method.
Microbiome changes in young periodontitis patients treated with adjunctive metronidazole and amoxicillin
Authors: Feres Magda , Retamal‐Valdes Belén , Fermiano Daiane , Faveri Marcelo , Figueiredo Luciene Cristina , Mayer Marcia P.A. , Lee Jung‐Jin , Bittinger Kyle , Teles Flavia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo our knowledge, to date, no studies have comprehensively assessed the changes occurring in the subgingival microbiome of young patients with periodontitis treated by means of mechanical and antibiotic therapy. Thus, this study aimed to use next‐generation sequencing to evaluate the subgingival microbial composition of young patients with severe periodontitis treated with scaling and root planing and systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin.MethodsSubgingival samples from healthy individuals and shallow and deep sites from periodontitis patients were individually collected at baseline and 90 days post‐treatment. The samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA‐gene sequencing (MiSeq‐Illumina) and QIIME pipeline. Differences between groups for the microbiological data were determined using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), linear mixed models, and the PERMANOVA test.ResultsOne hundred samples were collected from 10 periodontitis patients and seven healthy individuals. PCoA analysis revealed significant partitioning between pre‐and post‐treatment samples. No major differences in the composition of the subgingival microbiota were observed between shallow and deep sites, at baseline or at 90‐days post‐treatment, and the microbiome of both site categories after treatment moved closer in similarity to that observed in periodontal health. Treatment significantly improved all clinical parameters and reduced the relative abundance of classical periodontal pathogens and of Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Eubacterium saphenum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Treponema medium, Synergistetes, TM7, and Treponema spp, and increased that of Actinomyces, Rothia, Haemophilus, Corynebacterium, and Streptococci spp.ConclusionMechanical treatment associated with metronidazole and amoxicillin promoted a beneficial change in the microbiome of young individuals with severe periodontitis.
Revisiting an old profile: an updated geoarchaeological study at Nasera Rockshelter (Tanzania)
Authors: MartÍn‐Perea David Manuel , MaÍllo‐FernÁndez JosÉ‐Manuel , Medialdea Alicia , MarÍn Juan , Solano‐MegÍas Irene , Gidna Agness , Mabulla Audax 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTNasera Rockshelter hosts a highly continuous sedimentary record, containing a wide array of archaeological remains from Middle Stone Age, Later Stone Age and Pastoralist occupations. Excavated by L. Leakey and M. Mehlman, geological studies carried out by R. Hay included granulometric and general mineralogical analyses but lacked individualized, detailed description and interpretation of each of the 25 levels exposed. This study presents updated detailed geological descriptions and interpretations of 17 levels exposed during excavations in 2018.
Pelvic ring reconstruction with segmental spinal instrumentation after complete type I pelvic resection
Authors: Tepper Sarah C. , Blank Alan T. , Gitelis Steven , Colman Matthew W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesInternal hemipelvectomy is a complex procedure used to treat malignancy that involves the pelvis. Reconstruction of the pelvis after type I or type I/IV resection remains controversial due to high complication rates and debatable functional benefit. Modern reconstruction options may provide a rapid, intuitive, and reliable way to reconstitute the pelvic ring.MethodsThis is a retrospective case series of four patients who underwent a novel reconstruction method involving computer navigation and segmental spinal instrumentation applied to the pelvis after type I or type I/IV pelvic resection for malignancy between 2015 and 2020.ResultsTime to ambulation postoperatively ranged from 1 to 7 days, and median length of hospital stay was 8.5 (7.5, 10.5) days. Complications included wound necrosis in two patients that did not require reoperation and wound infection in one patient that required irrigation and debridement. There was no radiographic evidence of hardware loosening or failure on follow‐up. Three patients remain alive and two remain disease‐free. At most recent follow‐up, all patients were able to ambulate and perform activities of daily living.ConclusionsThe technique for pelvic reconstruction described allows for rapid fixation intraoperatively with few complications and satisfactory functional results in this limited series.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with improved survival in patients with left‐sided pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ocuin Lee M. , Hardacre Jeffrey M. , Ammori John B. , Rothermel Luke D. , Mohamed Amr , Selfridge Jennifer E. , Bajor David , Winter Jordan M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeoadjuvant chemotherapy is used infrequently in the management of distal pancreatic cancers. We investigated outcomes associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or up‐front surgery in patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy.MethodsThe National Cancer Database (2004‐2016) was queried for patients with pancreas cancer who underwent distal pancreatectomy. Demographics, clinical characteristics, postoperative outcomes, pathologic outcomes, and overall survival were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsSix thousand five‐hundred and twenty‐three patients were included, including 5,643 who underwent up‐front distal pancreatectomy and 880 who received neoadjuvant therapy. Factors associated with receipt of neoadjuvant chemotherapy included care at academic/research programs, higher education level, higher clinical T stage, higher clinical N stage, and elevated carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 level. Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy had fewer positive lymph nodes, higher margin‐negative resection rate, lower 30‐day readmission rate, and lower 90‐day mortality rate. Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy had longer median overall survival (28.8 vs 22.0 months; P < .001). On multivariate analysis, neoadjuvant therapy remained independently associated with improved survival (hazards ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence inteval, 0.63‐0.82; P < .001).ConclusionsNeoadjuvant therapy in patients with left‐sided pancreatic cancers is associated with improved pathologic outcomes as well as longer overall survival. Neoadjuvant therapy should be considered in all patients with PDAC regardless of tumor location.
So happy for your loss: Consumer schadenfreude increases choice satisfaction
Authors: Moisieiev Dmytro , Dimitriu Radu , Jain Shailendra P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConsumers often feel schadenfreude, an emotion reflecting an experience of pleasure over misfortunes of another. Schadenfreude has found wide use in advertising, but its actual consequences for consumers have not been thoroughly documented. The present research investigates the effect of schadenfreude on consumers' satisfaction with choices they have made. Building on the feelings‐as‐information theory, the authors posit that consumers take their positive feelings of schadenfreude over another's unrelated bad purchase as positive information about their own choices, and through such misattribution become more satisfied with their own choices. Three experiments show that feeling schadenfreude over another consumer's bad purchase makes consumers more satisfied with their own choices (Study 1), regardless of whether the other's bad purchase is in the same or in a different product category as one's own choice (Study 2), but only so long as consumers are not aware that they are engaging in misattribution (Study 3). The present research contributes to the literature on schadenfreude and feelings‐as‐information theory. Its findings may be used by marketers aiming to exert an unconscious influence on consumer satisfaction.
Intake of Fermented Dairy Products Induces a Less Pro‐Inflammatory Postprandial Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Gene Expression Response than Non‐Fermented Dairy Products: A Randomized Controlled Cross‐Over Trial
Authors: Rundblad Amanda , Holven Kirsten B. , Øyri Linn K. L. , Hansson Patrik , Ivan Ingvild H. , Gjevestad Gyrd O. , Thoresen Magne , Ulven Stine M. 
Published: August 2020

ScopeIt is aimed to investigate how intake of high‐fat meals composed of different dairy products with a similar fat content affects postprandial peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) expression of inflammation‐related genes, as well as circulating inflammatory markers and metabolites.Methods and resultsHealthy subjects (n = 47) consume four different high‐fat meals composed of either butter, cheese, whipped cream, or sour cream in a randomized controlled cross‐over study. Fasting and postprandial PBMC gene expression, plasma metabolites, and circulating inflammatory markers are measured. Using a linear mixed model, it is found that expression of genes related to lymphocyte activation, cytokine signaling, chemokine signaling, and cell adhesion is differentially altered between the four meals. In general, intake of the fermented products cheese and sour cream reduces, while intake of the non‐fermented products butter and whipped cream increases, expression of these genes. Plasma amino acid concentrations increase after intake of cheese compared to the other meals, and the amino acid changes correlate with several of the differentially altered genes.ConclusionIntake of fermented dairy products, especially cheese, induces a less inflammatory postprandial PBMC gene expression response than non‐fermented dairy products. These findings may partly explain inconsistent findings in studies on health effects of dairy products.
Performance assessment of the augmented finite element method for the modeling of weak discontinuities
Authors: Essongue Simon , Couégnat Guillaume , Martin Eric 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the convergence properties of the augmented finite element method (AFEM). The AFEM is here used to model weak discontinuities independently of the underlying mesh. One noticeable advantage of the AFEM over other partition of unity methods is that it does not introduce additional global unknowns. Numerical 2D experiments illustrate the performance of the method and draw comparisons with the finite element method (FEM) and the nonconforming FEM. It is shown that the AFEM converges with an error of in the energy norm. The nonconforming FEM shares the same property while the FEM converges at . Yet, the AFEM is on par with the FEM for certain homogenization problems.
Interorganizational network portfolios of nonprofit organizations: Implications for collaboration management
Authors: Fu Jiawei Sophia , Cooper Katherine R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIncreasingly, nonprofit organizations engage in interorganizational collaboration to address large‐scale social problems. Scholarship typically focuses on the characteristics of both within‐sector and cross‐sector partnerships of two collaborating organizations or all partnering organizations involved in a collaboration, but we know little about the patterns of interorganizational relationships that single nonprofit organizations maintain. This research draws upon surveys from 452 nonprofits and introducesnonprofit network portfolios, which we define as thenumber,integration,intensity, anddurationof relationships that nonprofits purposefully develop with other organizations. Using 12 network measures, Ward cluster analysis revealed three distinct network portfolios:restricted within‐sector(n= 319, 70.58%), which included limited collaboration and prioritized within‐sector partnerships;robust within‐sector(n= 80, 17.70%), which included more nonprofit partnerships than restricted within‐sector portfolios; andcross‐sector(n= 53, 11.72%), which had a rich assemblage of integrative partnerships with nonprofits, businesses, and government agencies. Further, nonprofits that maintained each type of portfolio differed in their revenue and social mission, suggesting these factors are related to the types of collaboration that nonprofits maintain. This study makes contributions to existing research on interorganizational networks and cross‐sector collaboration and suggests practical and policy implications for nonprofit network management.
Multi‐scale analysis of short glass fiber‐reinforced polypropylene under monotonic and fatigue loading
Authors: Imaddahen Mohamed A. , Shirinbayan Mohammadali , Ayari Houssem , Foucard Mathieu , Tcharkhtchi Abbas , Fitoussi Joseph 
Published: August 2020

AbstractShort fiber‐reinforced polypropylene is largely used in the automotive industry. Fatigue failure is one of the most failure modes observed in this class of materials. In order to better understand the damage mechanisms and plasticity evolution, this article provides an overall experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of a PPGF40 composite (polypropylene matrix reinforced by a 40% weight content of short glass fibers) including monotonic and cyclic loading. The effect of various parameters such as the loading direction, the strain rate, the temperature, and the fatigue are analyzed. The evolutions of the loss of stiffness and plastic strain during monotonic and fatigue tests are analyzed. Self‐heating during cyclic loading is also studied. Moreover, the coupling effect of damage and plasticity is analyzed by plotting the evolution of the relative loss of stiffness vs the plastic strain increment for monotonic and cyclic loadings. For quasi‐static loading, the results emphasize an intrinsic curve independent of the loading direction. Moreover, a sharp increase in the damage and plasticity levels due to the local effect occurring during cyclic loading is observed and correlated to SEM fracture surface analysis.
Surface modification of ZIF‐90 with triptycene for enhanced interfacial interaction in mixed‐matrix membranes for gas separation
Authors: Zhang Qinnan , Luo Shuangjiang , Weidman Jennifer , Guo Ruilan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractZeolite imidazole framework (ZIF‐90) nanoparticles were chemically modified by grafting triptycene moieties. The modified nanoparticles were introduced into a triptycene‐based polyimide as fillers to generate mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for gas separation. The incorporation of “hook‐like” triptycene moieties in both dispersed and continuous phases led to intimate contact between the two phases and thus defect‐free interfacial morphology, due to the supramolecular interlocking and π–π stacking interaction between triptycene units presented in both phases. The filler/polymer solution showed shear thickening behavior due to such strong interfacial interaction. The separation performance of the prepared composite membranes was investigated as a function of filler loading and particle surface grafting density. Pure‐gas permeation results showed that the gas permeabilities increased expectedly as the filler loading increased, with stable or improved selectivities. The reduced permeability relative to pristine polyimide film is likely due to the pore blockage of ZIF‐90 upon grafting triptycene moieties on the particle surface. Reducing the grafting density of triptycene moieties led to improved permeability and selectivity suggesting good tunability of this series of new composite membranes. Overall, modification of nanofiller with hierarchical triptycene moieties offers a fundamentally new avenue for creation of composite membranes with unique properties in gas separations.