bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent autologous adoptive T cells immunotherapy in active COVID-19 infected cancer patients for chemotherapy
Authors: Li Congcong , Xu Dazhao , Lu Lin-yao , Zhao Hai-yang , Zeng Chu-xiong , Hu Lina , Guo Xianzhi , Liu Li , Huo Feifei , Rong Xiumei , Geng Zhenying , Lin Ping , Zhou Xinna , Wang Xiaoli , Hobeika Amy , Morse Michael A. , Lyerly Herbert Kim , Ren Jun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 infection has comorbidity with impairment of T lymphocyte immune system which viciously coincides to promote cancer progression. The safety and necessaries roles of purposeful adoptive T cell immunotherapy for treating cancer patient with active COVID-19 infection have yet unknown.
Methods
In this cohort study patients admitted who demonstrated the similarity of infection severity were composed of stage IV cancer patients for scheduled adoptive cellular immune-therapeutic (ACT ), cancer patients without ACT and those sufferers without malignant tumors. The age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (ACCI), determined for each patient, was used to compare the prognosis of the three groups.
Results
There were 123 patients (35 of ACT, 23 of non-ACT, 65 of non-cancer) with similar ACCI. There were little toxicities during the ACT even then concurrent with active COVID − 19 infection.Whereas the important findings that the cohort-level COVID-19 in-hospital case fatality rates were 0% (0/35), 52.2% (12/23) and 26.2% (17/65) respectively. Cancer patients receiving ACT had a shorter mean time to alleviation of symptoms (4.46 versus 16.88 and 17.90 days respectively) and had a lower severity incidence of symptoms (P = 0.0010) .CD3-CD16+CD56+ NK cells increased following the ACT compared with the cancer patients( P = 0.0017). Evidence based outcome identified that ACT significantly decreased the substantial case fatality rate among cancer patients with COVID-19. The time to symptom alleviation was significantly shorter in cancer patients treated with ACT than other patients.
Conclusions
These data suggest both the safety and therapeutic roles of ACT for cancer patients with COVID-19 infection status.The additional ACT during the infectious status could simultaneously leverage and reduce the risk of chemotherapy adverse outcome.
Trial registration
ACT cell transfusion patients in this study were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China, Ethics number: 2022-IIT-004-F01, and registered in ClinicalTrials.gov,ID: NCT05459441.
Association between anemia and cognitive dysfunction in the hypertensive elderly: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Luo Libo , He Jiamei , Liu Xiaoli , Xiao Qingyu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Cognitive dysfunction has become one of the most serious social health problems around the world. Anemia may increase the risk of cognitive dysfunction in elderly population. Hypertension may also deteriorate cognitive function. Few studies reported the association of anemia and cognitive dysfunction in hypertensive elderly.
Methods
Data were obtained from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Cognitive performance was evaluated by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) Word Learning subtest, the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Multivariate logistic regression analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to assess the relationship between anemia and cognitive dysfunction.
Results
A total of 2005 elderly participants (aged ≥ 60 years) were included. Anemia was associated with the greater risk of low cognitive performance in hypertensive elderly (OR = 1.427, 95% CI: 1.065–1.911). Anemia was associated with lower performance in AFT (OR = 1.331, 95% CI: 1.008–1.758) and DSST (OR = 1.818, 95% CI: 1.335–2.475). In subgroups of age younger than 65 or older than 80 years, being a female, being non-Hispanic White, with poverty income ratio less than 5.00, being a nonsmoker or nondrinker, anemia was significantly associated with cognitive dysfunction.
Conclusions
The findings of the present study suggest the existence of an association between anemia and low cognitive performance among hypertensive elderly.
Clinical trial number: not applicable.
Prognostic Prediction Using Recursive Partitioning Analysis of Patients Undergoing Salvage Surgery for Locally Recurrent Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sakai Toshihiko , Omura Go , Eguchi Kohtaro , Sakai Azusa , Matsumoto Yoshifumi , Fushimi Chihiro , Yoshimoto Seiichi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The prognosis of patients with locally recurrent oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (LR-OCSCC) remains poor even when salvage surgery can be performed. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify negative prognostic factors in these patients and use recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), a machine learning statistical method, to develop a prognostic classification based on these factors.
Methods
The clinical data of 75 patients who underwent salvage surgery for LR-OCSCC at the National Cancer Center between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Prognostic factors were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Patients were classified by survival outcomes using RPA. Survival rates were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method.
Results
The 3-year overall survival (OS) and locoregional recurrence rates for all patients who underwent salvage surgery were 53.4% and 32.7%, respectively. The univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified concurrent regional recurrence, previous history of radiotherapy to the neck, and recurrence within 12 months from initial treatment as negative prognostic factors. RPA was performed using these variables and patients were classified into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups based on a combination of concurrent regional recurrence and time to recurrence. The 3-year OS rates for the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups were 73.3%, 53.3%, and 24.4%, respectively.
Conclusion
A novel prognostic classification for LR-OCSCC salvage surgery was developed to facilitate development of treatment strategies and identification of patients that would not benefit from this procedure.
Efficacy of Sofosbuvir-Velpatasvir-Ribavirin Regimen for Retreatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in Patients with Prior DAA Failure: A Retrospective Study from a National Treatment Center
Authors: Singh Sinku , Sengupta Sibangi , Kumar Deepak , Mukherjee Kousik , Ha Abdulla MD , Sadhukhan Provash , Ahammed Sk Mahiuddin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are highly effective in treating HCV infection, but a small subset of patients may fail to achieve SVR12 and require further intervention. In resource-limited settings where second-line DAAs (such as SOF/VEL/VOX) may be unavailable, optimizing first-line treatments is essential. This study evaluated the efficacy (SVR12) of re-treatment regimen based on first-line DAAs (SOF/VEL) with ribavirin.
Method: This retrospective study screened all viremic patients who attended the apex treatment center (ATC) between January 2019 and December 2023 and received DAAs as per the national Viral Hepatitis control program (NVHCP) guidelines. Patients who failed to achieve SVR12 were subsequently retreated with the available first-line regimen (SOF/VEL plus ribavirin).
Results: A total of 1,814 viremic patients attended the apex treatment center (ATC). 1262 patients completed therapy. 1198 (94.9%) patients achieved SVR 12 and 64 patients (5.1%) failed to achieve SVR 12. Additionally, 41 patients with DAA failure were referred from treatment center (TC) and model treatment center (MTC) for evaluation. After further exclusions, 36 patients were enrolled, and 30 of them were offered retreatment. The majority of patients were male (64.5%) with a median age of 45 years (IQR; 19-68). Five patients were cirrhotic, while the remainder was non-cirrhotic. Baseline HCV RNA levels before the retreatment regimen was 87,882 IU/ml (IQR; 9,870-484,902). Most patients (96.6%) had genotype 3 HCV infection. Prior to retreatment, 27 patients had received a 12-week regimen of Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir, while only three had been treated with the Sofosbuvir-Velpatasvir regimen. After retreatment with Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir, and Ribavirin, 22 patients (73%) achieved SVR12. None of the patients experienced any adverse event.
Conclusion: First-line DAAs are highly effective to treat naïve patients. In the absence of second-line options, retreatment with first-line DAAs (SOF/VEL plus ribavirin) is a viable alternative.
Optimizing Intraoperative AI: Evaluation of YOLOv8 for Real-Time Recognition of Robotic and Laparoscopic Instruments.
Authors: Frey Sébastien , Facente Federica , Wei Wen , Ekmekci Ezem Sura , Séjor Eric , Baqué Patrick , Durand Matthieu , Delingette Hervé , Bremond François , Berthet-Rayne Pierre , Ayache Nicholas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The accurate recognition of surgical instruments is essential for the advancement of intraoperative artificial intelligence (AI) systems. In this study, we assessed the YOLOv8 model’s efficacy in identifying robotic and laparoscopic instruments in robot-assisted abdominal surgeries. Specifically, we evaluated its ability to detect, classify, and segment seven different types of surgical instruments. A diverse dataset was compiled from four public and private sources, encompassing over 7,400 frames and 17,175 annotations that represent a variety of surgical contexts and instruments. YOLOv8 was trained and tested on these datasets, achieving a mean average precision of 0.77 for binary detection and 0.72 for multi-instrument classification. Optimal performance was observed when the training set of a specific instrument reached 1300 instances. The model also demonstrated excellent segmentation accuracy, achieving a mean Dice score of 0.91 and a mean intersection over union of 0.86, with Monopolar Curved Scissors yielding the highest accuracy. Notably, YOLOv8 exhibited superior recognition performance for robotic instruments compared to laparoscopic tools, a difference likely attributed to the greater representation of robotic instruments in the training set. Furthermore, the model's rapid inference speed of 1.12 milliseconds per frame highlights its suitability for real-time clinical applications. These findings confirm YOLOv8’s potential for precise and efficient recognition of surgical instruments using a comprehensive multi-source dataset.
Gender-Based Analysis of the Ratio of Femoral Condyle Depth and Intercondylar Notch Depth to the Intercondylar Surface for Femoral Intercondylar Notch anatomy Using MRI Images: Implications for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk
Authors: Safarizadeh Mohsen , hajimohammadi neda , Zafari Fariba , Rahimian Mohammad Amin , Hosseini Amir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common injury, particularly in athletes. Recent studies have suggested a potential association between femoral intercondylar notch geometry and ACL injury risk. Understanding the anatomical differences in the intercondylar notch between the sexes may help explain the higher incidence of ACL injuries in women. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows evaluation of the femoral intercondylar notch and ACL geometry.
Methods
We measured four different geometric indices of the distal femur using axial PD fast spin echo MRI imaging. These indices included the maximum intercondylar notch width to femoral condyle width (NWI), the ratio of intercondylar notch shape index (NSI), the total articular surface area of the inferior femoral area (NAI), and the ratio of femoral condyle depth to intercondylar notch depth (NDI).
Results
In this retrospective study, we evaluated the femoral intercondylar notch geometry in 136 patients (81 males, 55 females) using cross-sectional MRI. The mean values for NWI, NSI, NAI, and NDI were 0.27 ± 0.03 mm and 0.25 ± 0.04 mm, 0.73 ± 0.06 mm and 0.68 ± 0.07 mm, 0.12 ± 0.02 mm and 0.10 ± 0, 01 mm, and 0.45 ± 0.02 mm and 0.47 ± 0.01 mm for men and women, respectively. Notably, the NDI index was deeper in women than in men.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that women have a deeper NDI index, indicating potentially greater pressure on the ACL and increased susceptibility to injury. By gaining a better understanding of the anatomical differences between men and women, we can develop more effective prevention strategies to reduce the risk of ACL injuries, particularly in female athletes.
Fomation mechanism of fault-controlled circulation geothermal spring: evidence from tectonics, thermal model, and isotopes
Authors: Yuan Wenzhen , Zhi Shiyu , Sun Shoujun , Zhu Guanhua , Zhang Yi , Guo Xinran , Wei Daifeng , Zhai Yuanzheng , Yang Bengu , Wang Guohui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The effective utilization of geothermal energy helps reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change. Understanding the formation mechanism of geothermal systems is a prerequisite for effective exploitation. The formation of geothermal systems is influenced by various factors such as tectonic characteristics, heat sources, and water circulation, making it necessary to comprehensively analysis its mechanism by integrating these factors. Tangquan ,a natural geothermal spring in Zhangjiakou City, China, has great potential in geothermal exploitation. However, previous studies have offered incomplete explanations of its genesis. Therefore, this study investigated the stratigraphic properties and structural distribution of the study area through geophysical exploration surveys, mapped the distribution of the low-temperature field using geothermal geological modeling methods and inferred that the heat source in the study area is radioactive; and through isotope analysis methods, clarified that the water source in the study area is atmospheric precipitation. By integrating these information, the formation mechanism of the Tangquan, a deep circulation type geothermal system controlled by faults, is revealed. These results can guide the further development and utilization of Tangquan, while also enhancing the understanding of fault-controlled and deep circulation type geothermal systems.
Application of antagonistic fungi to suppress the Meloidogyne incognita and promote growth of Vegetables
Authors: Mitu A. I. , Aminuzzaman F. M. , Kibria T. , Shammi J. , Faria A. A. , Kayess Md. Omar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The root-knot nematode (RKNs) Meloidogyne incognita, are a significant biotic factor that negatively impacted both the yield and quality of vegetables. The nematophagous fungus, Purpureocillium lilacinum, is widely regarded as a highly effective biocontrol agent (BCA) for RKNs. To investigated the nematicidal efficacy of P. lilacinum against eggs and second-stage juveniles of M. incognita at varying application durations, this investigation was carried out at the invitro settings of the Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The results also revealed that P. lilacinum effectively reduced the survival rates of M. incognita eggs and juveniles in an application time dependent manner. Microscopic examination displayed that the fungi directly invaded the eggs and made contact with the juveniles, demonstrated its parasitic nature against M. incognita. We also found that P. lilacinum effectively suppressed nematode populations and reduced the incidence of root galls. Notably, the application of P. lilacinum significantly stimulated plant growth metrics and biomass, even in the presence of nematode infections. Our research findings suggest that P. lilacinum can be employed as a beneficial biocontrol agent to manage RKNs and to also enhance the development of the vegetables.
Prefrontal and parieto-occipital neural signatures of evidence accumulation and response to computerised Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in depression.
Authors: Queirazza Filippo , Philiastides Marios 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Computerised Cognitive Behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective psychological intervention for mild to moderate depression. While CBT aims to correct maladaptive cognitive biases and ensuing disadvantageous decision-making, our current understanding of its mechanisms of change and associated neural substrates remains limited. Preliminary behavioural evidence has shown that the process of evidence accumulation (EA), indexing the efficiency of decision dynamics, is impaired in depression. However, little is known about the role of EA in the context of CBT for depression. In this study we recruited 37 (18 females) unmedicated depressed subjects. Participants attended two task-based functional resonance imaging sessions before and two months after completing an online self-help CBT-based intervention. We fitted a hybrid reinforcement learning drift diffusion model to the probabilistic reversal learning task data and investigated accumulator-like brain activity as a function of computerised CBT. We found that at baseline, responders, compared to nonresponders, exhibited weaker left prefrontal and parieto-occipital EA neural signatures, which subsequently increased in proportion to the sustained symptomatic improvement observed following computerised CBT. We thus provide novel evidence that attenuated EA neural signatures in the left prefrontal and parieto-occipital cortical areas are associated with response to computerised CBT in depression. Crucially, the observed increase of accumulator-like brain activity following computerised CBT warrants further investigation in future experimental work probing neurocomputational mechanisms of change in CBT.
Knotted Magnetic Field Lines via Magnetic Reconnection during an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Authors: Lin Jun , Mei Zhixing , Keppens Rony , Chen Yuhao , Ye Jing , Xie Xiaoyan , Ni Lei , Li Yan , Hu Jialiang , Zheng Jiehui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process in astrophysics and plasma physics that involves a change in the topological structure of magnetic fields. The long ray-like current sheet (CS) trailing behind a solar coronal mass ejection (CME) serves as a unique reconnection site, extending in length from several to over twenty solar radii. However, the three-dimensional (3D) geometry, internal reconnection process and the resultant topological changes in the magnetic field remain elusive. Here, in a 3D isothermal magnetohydrodynamic simulation that covers the entire solar-terrestrial region to follow a CME evolution through the solar wind from Sun to Earth, we reproduce all major observational features of CS and recover observationally inferred plasma blobs inside the CS. Furthermore, we find that magnetic reconnection within the long CS results in a knotting of magnetic field lines and the formation of a M\"obius band. When the CME propagates in the Sun-earth space, these knotted magnetic fields persist and continue moving earth-ward. Our findings open a new window to understanding complex topological magnetic structures.
Potential Targets for Epilepsy Treatment: An Integrated Study Based on Multi-omics, Mendelian Randomization, Immune Infiltration Assessment, and Machine Learning
Authors: Hu Dongsen , Sun Wenqi , Wang Weiguang , Chen Zijie , Wang Hongyan , Zhai Shuangqing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Epilepsy is a severe neurological disease. Exploring the intrinsic mechanisms of the onset and development of epilepsy, and seeking new therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers, remain very important for epilepsy research.
Methods: Two independent epilepsy microarray datasets from the GEO database were used to identify differentially expressed genes. And eQTL exposure factor data from the GWAS database were used for Mendelian randomization analysis to identify genes associated with epilepsy. The intersection of genes from the two sources was taken to identify key genes for epilepsy. Subsequently, various enrichment analyses and immune infiltration assessments were performed on the key genes to explore their functions and the pathways involved in the epileptic process. Finally, four machine learning models were used to construct a nomogram to evaluate the risk of epilepsy.
Results: This study identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with epilepsy, including 163 up-regulated DEGs and 100 down-regulated DEGs. Combined with Mendelian randomization analysis, seven key genes were confirmed: ASAH1, RASGRP1, PGLYRP1, ARG1, TBC1D4, PDIA6, and SLPI. These gene enrichments were involved in cellular material transport networks, related cellular components, as well as amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, neurotrophic factor signaling pathways, sphingolipid metabolism, Toll-like receptor and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, Ras/MAPK signaling pathways, phagocytosis, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. CIBERSORT analysis revealed the unique distribution of immune cells in epilepsy and the regulation of key genes on immune cells, further emphasizing the importance of immune processes in the disease. The nomogram constructed based on these genes provides a quantitative prediction of epilepsy risk.
Conclusion: The findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of epilepsy and demonstrate the potential for treating epilepsy by targeting specific molecular pathways, laying the groundwork for future research and clinical work.
A Single Far-Field Wavefront Reconstruction Method Based on a Mixed Focal Length-Fresnel Zone Plate and AM-CNN
Authors: Ge Xinlan , Hao Xuying , Zhu Licheng , Wei Ling , Wang Shuai , Yang Ping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In adaptive optics, multiple different incident wavefronts may correspond to the same far-field intensity distribution, resulting in a many to one mapping relationship. This paper proposes a single far-field wavefront reconstruction method based on a mixed focal length-Fresnel zone plate (MFL-FZP) and neural network. First, the phase modulation and imaging are integrated, allowing partial focal plane information and defocus information of the wavefront to be reflected in the same far-field spot. It can break the symmetry of the near-field wavefront, overcome the problem of multiple solutions, and reconstruct a unique wavefront based on the light spot. Then, an attention mechanism-based convolutional neural network (AM-CNN) is introduced to establish an accurate nonlinear mapping between a single far-field image and a near-field wavefront. Compared to ResNet, VGG networks, AM-CNN has superior speed and accuracy, AM-CNN has superior speed and accuracy. In addition, a comparative verification work is conducted on the existing four quadrant discrete phase modulation and spiral discrete phase modulation methods, and the results show that the proposed method has higher accuracy and stronger robustness. Finally, the influence of defocusing amount on reconstruction accuracy is quantitatively discussed. The test results show that the optimal defocusing amount of the MFL-FZP is 1 λ, and the average root mean square (RMS) of the residual wavefront is 0.012 λ. The average RMS for residual wavefronts under different turbulence intensities is only 1.5% of the incident wavefronts, and the inference time is 3.2 ms. To further substantiate the method's practicality, we constructed an experimental optical setup, which confirmed the simulation results and demonstrated the method’s robust performance in real-world conditions. This work offers an efficient and high-precision method for single-frame wavefront reconstruction, validated through both simulations and experiments.