bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BMPR2 promotes fatty acid oxidation and protects white adipocytes from cell death in mice
Authors: Qian Shuwen , Pan Jiabao , Su Yan , Tang Yan , Wang Yina , Zou Ying , Zhao Yaxin , Ma Hong , Zhang Youyou , Liu Yang , Guo Liang , Tang Qi-qun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAdipocyte cell death is pathologically involved in both obesity and lipodystrophy. Inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines are generally regarded as inducers for adipocyte apoptosis, but whether some innate defects affect their susceptibility to cell death has not been extensively studied. Here, we found bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) knockout adipocytes were prone to cell death, which involved both apoptosis and pyroptosis. BMPR2 deficiency in adipocytes inhibited phosphorylation of perilipin, a lipid-droplet-coating protein, and impaired lipolysis when stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), which lead to failure of fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition, impaired lipolysis was associated with mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and pyroptosis as well as elevated inflammation. These results suggest that BMPR2 is important for maintaining the functional integrity of adipocytes and their ability to survive when interacting with inflammatory factors, which may explain why adipocytes among individuals show discrepancy for death responses in inflammatory settings.
Peptide bond cleavage in the presence of Ni-containing particles
Authors: Wezynfeld Nina Ewa , Frączyk Tomasz , Bonna Arkadiusz , Bal Wojciech 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
NiO nanoparticles and non-stoichiometric black NiO were shown to be effective sources of Ni2+ ions causing sequence-selective peptide bond hydrolysis. NiO nanoparticles were as effective in this reaction as their molar equivalent of soluble Ni(ii) salt. These findings highlight the efficacy of delivery of toxic Ni2+ by these environmentally available particles.
Brevinin-1GHd: a novel Hylarana guentheri skin secretion-derived Brevinin-1 type peptide with antimicrobial and anticancer therapeutic potential
Authors: Jiang Yangyang , Wu Yue , Wang Tao , Chen Xiaoling , Zhou Mei , Ma Chengbang , Xi Xinping , Zhang Ying , Chen Tianbao , Shaw Chris , Wang Lei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Host-defense antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from amphibians are usually considered as one of the most promising next-generation antibiotics because of their excellent antimicrobial properties and low cytotoxicity. In the present study, one novel Brevinin-1 type peptide, Brevinin-1GHd, was isolated and characterized from the skin secretion of the frog, Hylarana guentheri. Brevinin-1GHd was found to possess a wide range of antimicrobial activity through penetrating the bacterial membrane within a short time while showing low hemolysis at bactericidal concentrations, even against the resistant strains. It also inhibited and eradicated biofilms that are thought to be closely related to the rise in resistance. Meanwhile, Brevinin-1GHd exhibited wide-spectrum anti-proliferation activity toward human cancer lines. Taken together, these results indicate that Brevinin-1GHd with its excellent antimicrobial and anticancer activities is a promising candidate for a novel antibiotic agent, and study of its structure–activity relationships also provided a rational template for further research and peptide analog design.
Identification of co-expressed genes associated with MLL rearrangement in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zhang Hao , Liu Bei , Cheng Juan , Ma Haizhen , Li Zijian , Xi Yaming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Rearrangements involving the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene are common adverse prognostic factors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Even allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation does not improve the outcome of ALL cases with some types of MLL rearrangements. The aim of the present study was to identify the co-expressed genes that related to MLL rearrangement (MLL-r) and elucidate the potential mechanisms of how MLL-r and their partner genes lead to leukemogenesis. Gene co-expression networks were constructed using the gene expression data and sample traits of 204 pretreated pediatric ALL patients, and co-expression modules significantly related to the MLL-r were screened out. Gene ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis of the module genes were performed. Hub genes were identified and their expression levels were analyzed in samples with or without MLL-r and the results were validated by an independent investigation. Furthermore, the relationships between the hub genes and sample traits were analyzed. In total, 21 co-expression modules were identified. The green module was positively correlated with MLL-r. PROM1, LGALS1, CD44, FUT4 and HOXA10 were identified as hub genes, which were involved in focal adhesion, calcium-dependent phospholipid binding, connective tissue development and transcriptional misregulation in cancer. The expression levels of the five hub genes were significantly increased in MLL-r samples, and the results were further validated. PROM1, LGALS1, CD44 and HOXA10 were positively related to the leukocyte count. These findings might provide novel insight regarding the mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for pediatric ALL with MLL-r.
Gestationsdiabetes – aktuelle Entwicklungen
Authors: Hummel Michael , Kleinwechter Helmut , Laubner Katharina , Füchtenbusch Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGestational diabetes is asymptomatic. Screening in Germany has been part of the maternity guidelines since 2012. Uncovering the glucose tolerance disorder and intensive treatment reduce maternal and child risks. The aim of treatment for diabetic pregnant women is to align the results for mother and child with the results of metabolically healthy pregnant women. In addition to the diabetological therapy control through blood glucose measurements and weight control in the mother, a qualified sonographic growth control of the fetus can be used as a support. In 70–90 % of GDM cases, non-pharmacological basic therapy is sufficient; the gold standard in pharmacotherapy is insulin. Maternity clinics with a spatially connected children’s clinic offer the best security for mother and child at birth. Breastfeeding should be recommended and encouraged because of its long-term protective effects
In situ Metabolite Mass Spectrometry Imaging: New Insights into the
Adrenal Gland
Authors: Li Fengxia , Feuchtinger Annette , Walch Axel , Sun Na 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe adrenal gland integrates catecholamine-producing neuroendocrine cells and
steroid-producing cells with mesenchymal origin in a structured manner under one
capsule and is a key regulator for vital bioactivity. In addition to
adrenal-specific disease, dysregulation of adrenal hormones is associated with
systemic effects, leading to undesirable metabolic and cardiovascular
consequences. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) technique can simultaneously
measure a broad range of biomolecules, including metabolites and hormones, which
has enabled the study of tissue metabolic and hormone alterations in adrenal and
adrenal-related diseases. Furthermore, this technique coupled with labeled
immunohistochemistry staining has enabled the study of the pathophysiological
adaptation of the adrenal gland under normal and abnormal conditions at
different molecular levels. This review discusses the recent applications of in
situ MSI in the adrenal gland. For example, the combination of formalin-fixed
paraffin-embedded tissue microarray and MSI to tissues from patient cohorts has
facilitated the discovery of clinically relevant prognostic biomolecules and
generated promising hypotheses for new sights into physiology and
pathophysiology of adrenal gland. MSI also has enabled the discovery of
clinically significant tissue molecular (i. e., biomarker) and pathway
changes in adrenal disease, particularly in adrenal tumors. In addition, MSI has
advanced the ability to optimally identify and detect adrenal gland specific
molecules. Thus, as a novel analytical methodology, MSI has provided
unprecedented capabilities for in situ tissue study.
HIGH SACRAL HIATUS WITH NON FUSION OF LAMINA OF FIRST SACRAL VERTEBRAE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Vishal K. , V. Vinay K. , K. Remya , Kumar Arunachalam , K. Shishir 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSacrum is a large triangular bone, forming postero-superior wall of the pelvic cavity. During the routine study of bones in the department of Anatomy, an unusual variation in the sacrum was noted. The bone showed high sacral hiatus i.e., at the level of 3rd sacral vertebrae and non-fusion of lamina of 1st sacral vertebrae This type of anomaly is very rare, which prompted us to report the case. The knowledge about this rare variation is important for orthopaedicians and anesthetists since the high sacral hiatus may lead to clinical procedural failures. It is also important for accurate diagnosis of patients with low back pain. Non-fusion of lamina of 1st sacral vertebrae may be associated with spina bifida occulta and may lead to painful condition of back.
EFFECTIVENESS OF AN INFORMATION BOOKLET ON KNOWLEDGE AMONG STAFF NURSES REGARDING PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF PERINEAL TEAR DURING NORMAL DELIVERY
Authors: Fernandes Philomena , Paul Shiney , Savitha B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an information booklet on knowledge among staff nurses regarding the prevention and management of perineal tear during normal delivery. An evaluative approach with one group Pre test Post test design was used for the study. 40 samples were selected using simple random sampling method. The present study was conducted in Justice K. S. Hegde Charitable hospital Mangalore. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A significant difference between Pre test and Post test knowledge was found (t = 23.09, p <0.05). The study findings showed that the information booklet was effective in improving knowledge of staff nurses regarding prevention and management of perineal tear during labour. There was no significant association between the level of knowledge and demographic variables.
FOOT DEFORMATIONS IN COCONUT TREE CLIMBERS OF SOUTH INDIA
Authors: George Bincy M. , Kumar Arunachalam , Rao Muddanna S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
There are observable foot changes in professional coconut tree climbers of south India, but those are not reported in literature. Objective of the present study was to quantify the foot adaptations in south Indian coconut tree climbers.Data from a total of 220 male volunteers, between 18-55 years of age, engaged in the profession of coconut tree climbing were collected to find the anatomical changes in foot in them.The data revealed the coconut tree climbers are having prominent pes cavus, varus foot and abducted great toe. The adaptation pattern of foot varies depending upon the pressure it is subjected to bear.This study establishes an occupationally induced form of foot deformations or adaptations which are not, reported much in the literature.
Prediction of Postoperative Length of Hospital Stay Based on Differences in Nursing Narratives in Elderly Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kim Kidong , Han Yoonchang , Jeong Suyeon , Doh Kibbeum , Park Hyeoun-Ae , Lee Kyogu , Cho Moonsuk , Ahn Soyeon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives The current study sought to evaluate whether nursing narratives can be used to predict postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS) following curative surgery for ovarian cancer.
Methods A total of 33 patients, aged over 65 years, underwent curative surgery for newly diagnosed ovarian cancer between 2008 and 2012. Based on the median postoperative LOS, patients were divided into two groups: long-stay (>12 days; n = 13) and short-stay (≤12 days; n = 20). Patterns in nursing narratives were examined and compared through a quantitative analysis. Specifically, the total number (TN) of narratives pertaining to care and the standardized number (SN), which was calculated by dividing the TN by the LOS, were compared. Experts evaluated the relevance of the phrases extracted. LOS was then predicted using machine learning techniques.
Results The median postoperative LOS was 18 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 16–24 days) in the long-stay group and 9.5 days (IQR: 8–11.25 days) in the short-stay group. In the long-stay group, surgery duration was longer. Overall, patients in the long-stay group showed a higher volume of nursing narratives compared with patients in the short-stay group (SN: 68 vs. 46, p = 0.021). Thirty-two of the most frequently used nursing narratives were selected from 998 uniquely defined nursing narratives. Multiple t-tests were used to compare the TN and real standardized number (RSN; minimum p < 0.1). Mean and standard deviation of classification results of long-short term memory recurrent neural networks for long and short stays were 0.7774 (0.105), 0.745 (0.098), 0.739 (0.107), and 0.765 (0.115) for F1-measure, precision, recall, and area under the receiver operating characteristic, respectively. Agreement between the differential narratives as assessed by statistical methods and the expert response was low (52.6% agreement; McNemar's test p = 0.012).
Conclusions Statistical tests showed that nursing narratives that utilized the words “urination,” “food supply,” “bowel mobility,” or “pain” were related to hospital stay in elderly females with ovarian cancer. Additionally, machine learning effectively predicted LOS.
Summary The current study sought to determine whether elements of nursing narratives could be used to predict postoperative LOS among elderly ovarian cancer patients. Results indicated that nursing narratives that used the words “urination,” “food supply,” “bowel mobility,” and “pain” significantly predicted postoperative LOS in the study population. Additionally, it was found that machine learning could effectively predict LOS based on quantitative characteristics of nursing narratives.
Locking Plate Fixation for Canine Acetabular Fractures
Authors: Piana Francesco , Solano Miguel , Kalff Stephen , Yeadon Russell 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to document application of locking plates for stabilization of acetabular fractures along with complications and clinical outcomes. We hypothesized that complications and clinical outcomes would be comparable to historical reports using non-locking plate and screw constructs.
Study Design Medical records of dogs presented with acetabular fractures at a single referral centre between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed. Cases surgically managed by open reduction and internal fixation, involving placement of at least one locking plate and screws, were included. Signalment, fracture classification, type of implant used, additional methods of stabilization, along with complications and neurological deficits, were collected. Long-term follow-up was based on Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs questionnaire.
Results Eighteen acetabula were repaired in 17 dogs. Locking implants were VetLOX (4/18), string-of-pearls (7/18) and locking compression plates (7/18). Locking plates and screws were used as the sole method of fixation in 10/18 acetabula, and as adjunctive fixation with other implants in 8/18 acetabula. Two minor complications and one catastrophic complication were reported. Sixteen of seventeen dogs returned to function with radiographic documentation of fracture healing. Complication rate was comparable to historic reports using non-locking implants. Long-term outcomes assessed by Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs questionnaire were positive in most cases.
Conclusion Locking plates are a viable means of stabilizing acetabular fractures in dogs and can provide positive clinical outcomes. Surprisingly, problems including inaccurate fracture reduction and implant loosening were not fully avoided by use of locking implants but incidence was low.
Resistance training attenuates circulating FGF‐21 and myostatin and improves insulin resistance in elderly men with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Shabkhiz Fatemeh , Khalafi Mousa , Rosenkranz Sara , Karimi Pouran , Moghadami Kamilia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF‐21) and myostatin have been proposed to be potential therapeutic target for insulin resistance in age‐related metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Moreover, despite the potential metabolic effect of resistance training on insulin resistance, aging, and T2D; the effect of this type of exercise training on FGF‐21 and myostatin in elderly men with and without T2D are unknown. Forty‐four elderly men were assigned to either the RT training (RT; without T2D: 12, with TD2 = 10) or the control group (C; without T2D: 12, with TD2 = 10). The RT group performed 12‐wk resistance training intervention, 3 days/wk, 10 repetitions with 70% 1RM. At the baseline, the elderly men with T2D had a higher FGF‐21 (p = 0.002) and myostatin (p = 0.02) concentrations and lower muscle strength (p = 0.01) than the elderly men without T2D. RT resulted in significant decrease in FGF‐21 and myostatin concentration and increase in muscle strength in both elderly men with and without T2D (P = 0.001, for all) as well as decrease in HOMA‐IR in only elderly men without T2D (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the RT‐induced FGF‐21 reduction between elderly men with and without T2D (p = 0.77, p = 0.28, respectively), but, RT caused a larger reduction in circulating myostatin in elderly men without T2D than with T2D (P = 0.007). Taken together, our results demonstrated that 12 weeks of RT induced an overall significant reduction of FGF‐21 and myostatin in elderly men with and without T2D; with higher reduction of myostatin in elderly men without T2D.
Gmunu: toward multigrid based Einstein field equations solver for general-relativistic hydrodynamics simulations
Authors: Cheong Patrick Chi-Kit , Lin Lap-Ming , Li Tjonnie Guang Feng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We present a new open-source axisymmetric general relativistic hydrodynamics code Gmunu (general-relativistic multigrid numerical solver) which uses a multigrid method to solve the elliptic metric equations in the conformally flat condition (CFC) approximation on a spherical grid. Most of the existing relativistic hydrodynamics codes are based on formulations which rely on a free-evolution approach of numerical relativity, where the metric variables are determined by hyperbolic equations without enforcing the constraint equations in the evolution. On the other hand, although a fully constrained-evolution formulation is theoretical more appealing and should lead to more stable and accurate simulations, such an approach is not widely used because solving the elliptic-type constraint equations during the evolution is in general more computationally expensive than hyperbolic free-evolution schemes. Multigrid methods solve differential equations with a hierarchy of discretizations and its computational cost is generally lower than other methods such as direct methods, relaxation methods, successive over-relaxation. With multigrid acceleration, one can solve the metric equations on a comparable time scale as solving the hydrodynamics equations. This would potentially make a fully constrained-evolution formulation more affordable in numerical relativity simulations. As a first step to assess the performance and robustness of multigrid methods in relativistic simulations, we develop a hydrodynamics code that makes use of standard finite-volume methods coupled with a multigrid metric solver to solve the Einstein equations in the CFC approximation. In this paper, we present the methodology and implementation of our code Gmunu and its properties and performance in some benchmarking relativistic hydrodynamics problems.
Convolutional neural networks for direct detection of dark matter
Authors: Khosa Charanjit K , Mars Lucy , Richards Joel , Sanz Veronica 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The XENON1T experiment uses a time projection chamber (TPC) with liquid xenon to search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a proposed dark matter particle, via direct detection. As this experiment relies on capturing rare events, the focus is on achieving a high recall of WIMP events. Hence the ability to distinguish between WIMP and the background is extremely important. To accomplish this, we suggest using convolutional neural networks (CNNs); a machine learning procedure mainly used in image recognition tasks. To explore this technique we use XENON collaboration open-source software to simulate the TPC graphical output of dark matter signals and main backgrounds. A CNN turns out to be a suitable tool for this purpose, as it can identify features in the images that differentiate the two types of events without the need to manipulate or remove data in order to focus on a particular region of the detector. We find that the CNN can distinguish between the dominant background events (ER) and 500 GeV WIMP events with a recall of 93.4%, precision of 81.2% and an accuracy of 87.2%.
Dynamic trapping and releasing photonics beyond delay-bandwidth limit in cascaded photonic crystal nanocavities
Authors: Xu Zhe-Ming , Li Chao , Wu Jun-Fang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Controlling the flow of light on-chip is of great importance for quantum computing and optical signal processing. In this paper, we present a theoretical study to reveal the underlying physics of how to effectively trap, store and release a signal pulse, and eventually break the delay-bandwidth limit, based on controllable EIT-like effect in dynamically tuned standing-wave cascaded nanocavities. Using this mechanism, we design a compact silicon photonic crystal system with long storing time and a delay-bandwidth product over 460, which is about two orders of magnitude greater than the reported results obtained by other methods based on static resonator system, and the trapped signal pulse can be released on demand.
The empirical study on energy embodied in goods of Sino-US trade
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Chu Chunchao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The huge trade surplus of Sino-US trade is founded on large net exports of embodied energy because of the energy’s dual nature which is not only commodity and also factor input. In this paper, energy embodied in goods of Sino-US trade of 2015 is calculated quantitatively based on Input-Output analysis approach. The results show that the net export of embodied energy was 341.75 million tce (tons of coal equivalent). Due to the scarcity of energy endowments in China, over net export of embodied energy for trading interest is against sustainable development which is one of basic state policies .The author gives some advices based on empirical analysis.