bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons learned in conducting youth suicide prevention research in emergency departments
Authors: Runyan Carol W , Brandspigel Sara , Barber Catherine W , Betz Marian , Azrael Deborah , Miller Matthew 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionTo address youth suicide, we recruited seven emergency departments (EDs) for what we believe is the first controlled trial of an intervention to promote safer firearm and medication storage after a child was seen in an ED by a behavioural health clinician. We provided training and a common protocol that required behavioural health clinicians to counsel about reducing access to household firearms and medication and provide locking devices. This paper examines how we addressed implementation challenges and considers how lessons learnt might inform future studies and interventions.MethodsWe tracked enrolment numbers and documented, through project records, the challenges in recruiting and developing partnerships with hospitals, as well as implementing the intervention and carrying out data collection.ResultsWe encountered challenges identifying hospitals with sufficient patient volumes to meet our analytic requirements, obtaining contact information from families in the ED and providing supplies to the sites. These challenges were compounded by lack of uniformity in data systems, making it difficult to estimate total ED encounters meeting our eligibility criteria, and by differences in patterns of behavioural healthcare delivery across sites. The strategies we devised to address these challenges included creating visual materials that appealed to parents’ altruistic desire to help other families, laminated ‘cheat sheets’ and hang tags for clinician badges reminding them of the key points of the intervention and contracting with a distribution centre to coordinate shipping.DiscussionDespite the challenges noted, we found that the behavioural health clinicians in the EDs followed the protocol and found it useful in engaging families in discussions about both firearm and medication storage. Several hospitals intend to continue the intervention on their own as the new usual care, suggesting that the challenges encountered can be and are worth tackling.
IncreasedTBX6gene dosages induce congenital cervical vertebral malformations in humans and mice
Authors: Ren Xiaojun , Yang Nan , Wu Nan , Xu Ximing , Chen Weisheng , Zhang Ling , Li Yingping , Du Ren-Qian , Dong Shuangshuang , Zhao Sen , Chen Shuxia , Jiang Li-Ping , Wang Lianlei , Zhang Jianguo , Wu Zhihong , Jin Li , Qiu Guixing , Lupski James R , Shi Jiangang , Zhang Feng , Liu Pengfei 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundCongenital vertebral malformations (CVMs) manifest with abnormal vertebral morphology. Genetic factors have been implicated in CVM pathogenesis, but the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear in most subjects. We previously reported that the human 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 deletion and its associatedTBX6dosage reduction caused CVMs. We aim to investigate the reciprocal 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 duplication and its potential genetic contributions to CVMs.Methods and resultsPatients who were found to carry the 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 duplication by chromosomal microarray analysis were retrospectively analysed for their vertebral phenotypes. The spinal assessments in seven duplication carriers showed that four (57%) presented characteristics of CVMs, supporting the contention that increasedTBX6dosage could induce CVMs. For further in vivo functional investigation in a model organism, we conducted genome editing of the upstream regulatory region of mouseTbx6using CRISPR-Cas9 and obtained three mouse mutant alleles (Tbx6up1toTbx6up3) with elevated expression levels ofTbx6. Luciferase reporter assays showed that theTbx6up3allele presented with the 160% expression level of that observed in the reference (+) allele. Therefore, the homozygousTbx6up3/up3mice could functionally mimic theTBX6dosage of heterozygous carriers of 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 duplication (approximately 150%, ie, 3/2 gene dosage of the normal level). Remarkably, 60% of theTbx6up3/up3mice manifested with CVMs. Consistent with our observations in humans, the CVMs induced by increasedTbx6dosage in mice mainly affected the cervical vertebrae.ConclusionOur findings in humans and mice consistently support that an increasedTBX6dosage contributes to the risk of developing cervical CVMs.
Association of mechanism of injury with overtriage of injured youth patients as trauma alerts
Authors: Ryan Jessica Lynn , Pracht Etienne , Langland-Orban Barbara , Crandall Marie 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundTrauma alert criteria include physiologic and anatomic criteria, although field triage based on injury mechanism is common. This analysis evaluates injury mechanisms associated with pediatric trauma alert overtriage and estimates the effect of overtriage on patient care costs.MethodsFlorida’s Agency for Health Care Administration inpatient and financial data for 2012–2014 were used. The study population included mildly and moderately injured patients aged 5–15 years brought to a trauma center and had an International Classification of Diseases-based Injury Severity Score survival probability ≥0.90, a recorded mechanism of injury, no surgery, a hospital stay less than 24 hours, and discharged to home. Overtriaged patients were those who had a trauma alert. Logistic regression was used to analyze the odds of overtriage relative to mechanism of injury and multivariable linear regression was used to analyze cost of overtriage.ResultsTwenty percent of patients were overtriaged; yet these patients accounted for 37.2% of total costs. The mechanisms of injury related to firearms (OR 11.99) and motor vehicle traffic (2.25) were positively associated with overtriage as a trauma alert. Inpatient costs were 131.8% higher for overtriaged patients.DiscussionFirearm injuries and motor vehicle injuries can be associated with severe injuries. However, in this sample, a proportion of patients with this mechanism suffered minimal injuries. It is possible that further identifying relevant anatomic and physiologic criteria in youth may help decrease overtriage without compromising outcomes.Level of evidenceEconomic, level IV.
Framework for generalized polytropes with complexity factor
Authors: Khan Shiraz , Mardan S. A. , Rehman M. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA framework is developed for generalized polytropes with the help of complexity factor introduced by Herrera (Phy Rev D 97:044010, 2018), by using the spherical symmetry with anisotropic inner fluid distribution. For this purpose generalized polytropic equation of state will be used, having two cases (i) for mass density $$(\mu _{o})$$(μo), (ii) for energy density $$(\mu )$$(μ), each case leads to a system of differential equations. These systems of differential equations involve two equations with three unknowns and they will be made consistent by using the complexity factor. The analysis of the solutions of these systems will be carried out graphically by using different parametric values involved in the systems.
Constraining chameleon field driven warm inflation with Planck 2018 data
Authors: Sheikhahmadi Haidar , Mohammadi Abolhassan , Aghamohammadi Ali , Harko Tiberiu , Herrera Ramón , Corda Christian , Abebe Amare , Saaidi Khaled 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe investigate warm inflationary scenario in which the accelerated expansion of the early Universe is driven by chameleon-like scalar fields. Due to the non-minimal coupling between the scalar field and the matter sector, the energy-momentum tensor of each fluid component is not conserved anymore, and the generalized balance equation is obtained. The new source term in the energy equation can be used to model warm inflation. On the other hand, if the coupling function varies slowly, the model reduces to the standard model used for the description of cold inflation. To test the validity of the warm chameleon inflation model, the results for warm inflationary scenarios are compared with the observational Planck2018 Cosmic Microwave Background data. In this regard, the perturbation parameters such as the amplitude of scalar perturbations, the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio are derived at the horizon crossing in two approximations, corresponding to the weak and strong dissipative regimes. As a general result it turns out that the theoretical predictions of the chameleon warm inflationary scenario are consistent with the Planck 2018 observations.
Mitigation of intensity limitation in the CERN SPS using a double RF system
Authors: Repond J. , Schwarz M. , Shaposhnikova E. 
Published: December 2019

The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN is the injector of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Multi-bunch instabilities limit the intensity of the beam that can be accelerated to 450 GeV in the SPS and transferred to the LHC. Without mitigation measures, the threshold of bunch intensity of the longitudinal instability is three times below the nominal bunch intensity of the LHC beam. The High Luminosity LHC project (HL-LHC), which requires a doubling of the nominal bunch intensity, relies on improvement of beam stability in the SPS. A fourth harmonic RF system allows, presently, to stabilize the beam up to nominal LHC intensity. It increases the synchrotron frequency spread inside the bunch, providing more efficient Landau damping of beam instability. However, nonlinearities of the synchrotron frequency distribution inside the bunch pose a limitation on bunch length. This paper explores possible intensity increase in the SPS by studying the effect on beam stability of the voltage ratio between two RF systems. The results are substantiated by beam measurements and particle-tracking simulations. An optimized voltage program of the second RF system during the cycle has been tested in operation and beam stability and the quality have been successfully improved.
Solar neutrinos as indicators of the Sun’s activity
Authors: Boyarkin O. M. , Boyarkina I. O. 
Published: December 2019

Opportunity of the solar flares (SFs) prediction observing the solar neutrino fluxes is investigated. In three neutrino generations, the evolution of the neutrino flux traveling the coupled sunspots (CSs) which are the SF source is considered. It is assumed that the neutrinos possess both the dipole magnetic moment and the anapole moment while the magnetic field above the CSs may reach the values [Formula: see text] Gs, display the twisting nature and posses the nonpotential character. The possible resonance conversions of the solar neutrino flux are examined. Since the [Formula: see text] resonance takes place before the convective zone, its existence can in no way be connected with the SF. However, when the solar neutrino flux moves through the CSs in the preflare period, then it may undergo the additional resonance conversions and, as a result, depleting the electron neutrinos flux may be observed.
Microstructures and mechanical properties of TiAl alloy fabricated by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Su Yongjun , Lin Yunfeng , Zhang Na , Zhang Deliang 
Published: December 2019

This work deals with the consolidation of a TiAl alloy powder by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Pre-alloyed powder with a composition of Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb (at.%) was consolidated in a SPS furnace at temperatures between 1200[Formula: see text]C and 1325[Formula: see text]C and with a pressure of 50 MPa. The microstructures obtained after SPS depend on the sintering temperature. Tensile tests at room temperature were performed. The alloy SPSed at temperatures not less than 1250[Formula: see text]C exhibits good properties at room temperature.
Study on the phase structure and mechanical properties of (Ti,Al,Si)N coatings deposited by multiarc ion plating
Authors: Wang Mengchao , Wang Lijun , Chen Hui , Cheng Yinfen 
Published: December 2019

Different structural [Formula: see text] coatings were designed and deposited on WC-Co cemented carbide by the technology of multiarc ion plating. Monolayered [Formula: see text] coating was deposited using cathode of [Formula: see text]. Multilayered (Ti,Al)N/[Formula: see text] coating and [Formula: see text] coating with gradual silicon content were deposited using two cathodes of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] simultaneously. The surface and cross-section morphology, compositions, and phase structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dense [Formula: see text] coatings with droplets on the surface and without obvious columnar structure on the cross-sections were obtained. All coatings had the strong peaks of (200) orientation. The different angular shift occurred with different combination of cathodes and processes. The introduction of multilayered and gradient structure effectively reduced the lattice distortion of coatings. Meanwhile, the coating-substrate adhesion strength increased from 38.57 N to 60.17 N with a coating thickness of approximately 3.5 [Formula: see text]m by scratch tests. The highest hardness of [Formula: see text] coating obtained in this paper were [Formula: see text] GPa by nanoindentation. The multilayered coating showed better toughness.
Effect of Mg plate pretreatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/Mg/Al laminated composites fabricated by hot roll bonding
Authors: Yu Yang , Xue Xinzhe , Lu Zhehao , Li Tingyu , Ma Cong , Yan Pengfei , Yan Biao 
Published: December 2019

The AA7075/AZ31/AA7075 laminated composites were fabricated by hot roll bonding. The effects of pretreatment of Mg plate by severe plastic deformation (SPD) and heat treatment on its interface, microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The diffusion layer is formed at the interface between Al and Mg layers, which is composed of the hard and brittle intermetallic phases [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and become the weak zone of the laminated composites where the crack is first-generated and propagated to cause the delamination at the interface of the laminated composites. The hardness of laminated composites at the interface reaches 300–400 HV. Meanwhile, Mg plate pretreatment can increase the plastic matching and the deformation compatibility of the Al and Mg layers, and can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the laminated composites to a certain extent. The bending strength of the laminated composites with pretreated Mg plates are 1080 MPa.
Effect of heat treatment on structure and properties of GTAW and laser beam welded super-duplex stainless steel joints
Authors: Qi Kai , Wang Guangjin , Jin Yunxue , Gu Jiayang , Zhang Zhongyu , Tao Yanwu 
Published: December 2019

Duplex stainless steel, consisting of ferrite and austenite, has good corrosion resistance and is often used in harsh marine environments. In this paper, welding on SAF2507 duplex stainless steel with 5 mm thickness was finished by laser beam welding (LBW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). The post-weld solid solution treatment was also conducted at temperature of [Formula: see text]C followed with cooling by water after 1 h. The results showed that both LBW and GTAW could produce well-produced welds. The microstructures of the welds were composed of ferrite and austenite phases. After solid solution treatment at [Formula: see text]C, the two-phase structure of LBW joint became uniform, while [Formula: see text] phase was produced in GTAW joint. The impact test of welded joints at room-temperature was carried out. After solid solution treatment at [Formula: see text]C, the impact toughness of LBW joints obviously increased, but the impact toughness of GTAW joint decreased with the fracture morphology of brittle mode. The electrochemical experiments on the welded joints showed that the pitting corrosion resistance of LBW joints improved after solid solution treatment, while the pitting corrosion resistance of GTAW joints decreased.
Association between lumbopelvic motion and muscle activation in patients with non-specific low back pain during forward bending task: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wattananon Peemongkon , Sinsurin Komsak , Somprasong Sirikarn 
Published: December 2019

Background: Evidence suggests patients with non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) have altered lumbar and pelvic movement patterns. These changes could be associated with altered patterns of muscle activation. Objective: The study aimed to determine: (1) differences in the relative contributions and velocity of lumbar and pelvic movements between people with and without NSLBP, (2) the differences in lumbopelvic muscle activation patterns between people with and without NSLBP, and (3) the association between lumbar and pelvic movements and lumbopelvic muscle activation patterns. Methods: Subjects (8 healthy individuals and 8 patients with NSLBP) performed 2 sets of 3 repetitions of active forward bending, while motion and muscle activity data were collected simultaneously. Data derived were lumbar and pelvic ranges of motion and velocity, and ipsilateral and contralateral lumbopelvic muscle activities (internal oblique[Formula: see text]transverse abdominis (IO[Formula: see text]TA), lumbar multifidus (LM), erector spinae (ES) and gluteus maximus (GM) muscles). Results: Lumbar and pelvic motions showed trends, but exceeded 95% confidence minimal detectable difference (MDD[Formula: see text]), for greater pelvic motion [Formula: see text], less lumbar motion [Formula: see text] among patients with NSLBP. Significantly less activity was observed in the GM muscles bilaterally [Formula: see text] in the NSLBP group. A significant association [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] was found between ipsilateral ES muscle activity and lumbar motion, while moderate, but statistically non-significant associations, were found between GM muscle activity bilaterally and lumbar velocity [Formula: see text]ipsilateral: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]; contralateral: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in the NSLBP group. Conclusion: Findings indicated patients had greater pelvic contribution, but less lumbar contribution which was associated with less activation of the GM bilaterally.
Gynura divaricataEffect on Blood Glucose Levels in Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mice
Authors: Sovia Evi , Anggraeny Dian , Kristiana Ris , Maulida Firhan Hamdi , Susparini Mutia 
Published: December 2019

Gynura divaricata (GD) also known as Dewa leaf is one of the Indonesian medicinal plants which are also native to India, Thailand and China. GD is widely used as antidiabetic, antihypertensive and other diseases including several tumors. However, research on the effects of GD as antidiabetic is still not widely practiced, especially in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of GD ethanolic extract on blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetes mice. This research is an experimental research with pre- and post-test design using 24 male DDY strain mice. Animals experiment is divided into four groups, that are one normal group and three alloxan-induced diabetes mice group that give 1% CMC (control), 400[Formula: see text]mg/kg GD ethanolic extract and 0.65[Formula: see text]mg/kg glibenclamide, respectively. Treatment was given for 14 days. Blood glucose levels were measured before and after inducing alloxan, and after 14 days treatment. At the end of study, all of animals experiment were sacrificed for histological examination. Phytochemical analysis revealed that polyphenols, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, terpenoids and and quinones were present in ethanol extract of GD. The results of this study showed significant ([Formula: see text]) decrease of blood glucose levels after GD ethanolic extract and glibenclamide treatment. The results of histological examination showed improvement in pancreas damage and significant increase in the number of beta cells in GD and glibenclamide groups. The results indicate that dewa leaf ethanolic extract has antidiabetic activity and the effectiveness is the same as glibenclamide. GD also could repair damage of pancreas caused by alloxan induction.
Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the SMC-selective blood pressure-associated gene, ARHGAP42
Authors: Mangum Kevin D. , Freeman Emily J. , Magin Justin C. , Taylor Joan M. , Mack Christopher P. 
Published: December 2019

We previously showed that ARHGAP42 is a smooth muscle cell (SMC)-selective, RhoA-specific GTPase activating protein that regulates blood pressure and that a minor allele single nucleotide variation within a DNAse hypersensitive regulatory element in intron1 (Int1DHS) increased ARHGAP42 expression by promoting serum response factor binding. The goal of the current study was to identify additional transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms that control ARHGAP42 expression. Using deletion/mutation, gel shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments, we showed that recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin κ-J region (RBPJ) and TEA domain family member 1 (TEAD1) binding to a conserved core region was required for full IntDHS transcriptional activity. Importantly, overexpression of the notch intracellular domain (NICD) or plating SMCs on recombinant jagged-1 increased IntDHS activity and endogenous ARHGAP42 expression while siRNA-mediated knockdown of TEAD1 inhibited ARHGAP42 mRNA levels. Re-chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that RBPJ and TEAD1 were bound to the Int1DHS enhancer at the same time, and coimmunoprecipitation assays indicated that these factors interacted physically. Our results also suggest TEAD1 and RBPJ bound cooperatively to the Int1DHS and that the presence of TEAD1 promoted the recruitment of NICD by RBPJ. Finally, we showed that ARHGAP42 expression was inhibited by micro-RNA 505 (miR505) which interacted with the ARHGAP42 3′-untranslated region (UTR) to facilitate its degradation and by AK124326, a long noncoding RNA that overlaps with the ARHGAP42 transcription start site on the opposite DNA strand. Since siRNA-mediated depletion of AK124326 was associated with increased H3K9 acetylation and RNA Pol-II binding at the ARHGAP42 gene, it is likely that AK124326 inhibits ARHGAP42 transcription. NEW & NOTEWORTHY First, RBPJ and TEAD1 converge at an intronic enhancer to regulate ARHGAP42 expression in SMCs. Second, TEAD1 and RBPJ interact physically and bind cooperatively to the ARHGAP42 enhancer. Third, miR505 interacts with the ARHGAP42 3′-UTR to facilitate its degradation. Finally, LncRNA, AK124326, inhibits ARHGAP42 transcription.