bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normative Data for Impact Microindentation for Australian Men: Cross‐Sectional Data From the Geelong Osteoporosis Study
Authors: Rufus‐Membere Pamela , Holloway‐Kew Kara L , Kotowicz Mark A , Diez‐Perez Adolfo , Pasco Julie A 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTImpact microindentation (IMI) is a novel technique for assessing the bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. However, no studies have presented normative data for BMSi. The aim of this study was to develop such normative data using a population‐based sample of men, randomly selected from electoral rolls for the Barwon Statistical Division in southeastern Australia to participate in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. BMSi was measured on the tibial plateau using an OsteoProbe in 405 men (ages 33 to 96 years) during the period 2016 to 2019. Associations between BMSi, age, and anthropometry were examined using linear regression models. BMSi values ranged from 49.0 to 100.5. BMSi was negatively correlated with age (r = −0.152, p = 0.002), weight (r = −0.103, p = 0.039), and BMI (r = −0.187, p < 0.001), and positively correlated with height (r = +0.107, p = 0.032). Mean ± SD BMSi was 82.6 ± 7.0 for the whole group, and ranged from 85.6 ± 6.0 for ages 30 to 39 years to 79.8 ± 6.6 for ages 80+ years. This study provides normative data that can be used to calculate T‐ and Z‐scores for BMSi. These data will be useful for identifying men with low BMSi. Further research is warranted to derive optimal cut points for BMSi that discriminate fracture risk. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Gallstone formation analysis using the particle appearance, the particle binding to calcium ions, and the cholesterol nucleation with time in supersaturated taurocholate–lecithin–calcium ion solutions
Authors: Wu Jhih‐Ru , Chao Yu‐Liang , Kankala Ranjith Kumar , Lee Chia‐Hung , Liu Chen‐Lun , Hu Yu‐Fang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe conducted a time‐dependent study of cholesterol (Ch) nucleation to investigate the effect of calcium ions in the moderate supersaturated bile. In taurocholate/lecithin (TC/L) bile at a TC to L ratio of 5.1, the presence of calcium ions enhanced the nucleation rate of Ch. Contrarily, we observed the delayed nucleation of Ch after ~30 days in TC/L bile at a ratio of 2.0, regardless of the calcium ions. From the physical chemistry standpoint, the cholesterol activity (ChAT) is believed to be the driving force for Ch nucleation together with the sufficient nucleation sites. Hence, the micellar formation models along with the binding of TC monomers to calcium ions interpreted the time‐dependent results. Furthermore, a quasielastic light–scattering technique detected the formation of micelles and vesicles. In conclusion, the presence of calcium ions in TC/L bile at a high ratio enhances the vesicle appearance for nucleation sites and the high ChAT values for fast nucleation rate of Ch. However, an increase in the L concentration (i.e., low ratio bile) plays a significant role in the prevention of Ch gallstone formation, compared to the decrease in calcium ion concentration.
Association of phosphatase and tension homologue deleted on chromosome ten polymorphism rs1903858, but not serum levels with the risk of non–small‐cell lung cancer: A case‐control study
Authors: Liang Zhen , Tang Yuzhu , Li Hao , Xie Youjun , Zhan Lingling 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundTo investigate the association between phosphatase and tension homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) gene polymorphisms and non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and further identify whether these polymorphisms influence serum PTEN levels.MethodsA total of 152 NSCLC patients and 124 healthy controls were included in the study. PTEN gene rs11202586 (T > C) and rs1903858 (A > G) polymorphisms were detected using the multiple single‐base extension technique (SNaPshot). The serum PTEN levels were determined using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.ResultsThe rs1903858 AG, GG genotypes, and G allele were associated with a higher risk of NSCLC (odds ratio (OR) =2.079, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.087‐3.974, P = .027; OR = 1.897, 95%CI = 1.053‐3.419, P = .033; OR = 1.505, 95%CI = 1.065‐2.126, P = .020). Stratified analysis reveal that the rs1903858 GG genotype and G allele were associated with an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (OR = 3.226, 95%CI = 1.075‐9.678, P = .037; OR = 1.873, 95%CI = 1.092‐3.212, P = .023). Among smokers, the rs1903858 G allele carriers have an increased risk of NSCLC (OR = 1.916, 95%CI = 1.023‐3.589, P = .042), but a decreased risk of NSCLC was found with the AT haplotype. With respect to the serum PTEN levels, no significant difference was noted between NSCLC patients and healthy controls in this study.ConclusionsThe study indicated that the rs1903858 gene polymorphism is associated with increased risk of NSCLC, particularly in SCC and smoker, and the haplotype AT was a protective factor for NSCLC. The serum PTEN levels were not associated with NSCLC.
Effect of interface dipole on channel engineering and on direct tunneling current in double gate MOSFET
Authors: Sanjay  , Prasad B. , Vohra Anil 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the present work, the effects of interface dipoles on channel engineering and on direct tunneling current have been studied for a double gate (DG) NMOSFET with Si and In0.53Ga0.47As as channel materials. The gate tunneling current (IG) has been calculated for both type of devices and simulation results are reported using Silvaco ATLAS 3D TCAD. A gate length of 10 nm has been used for the simulations. All simulations have been carried out by considering the Direct Quantum Tunneling current model along with the self‐consistent solution of Schrödinger's equation with Poisson's equation. The wavefunction penetration into SiO2 has also been considered. Fermi Dirac statistics has been used in case of heavy acceptor doping of channel region in the devices studied. The effects of high‐k material, metal gate work function, and P+ channel doping variation on IG have also been studied. The calculations of IG have been carried out using SiO2 (0.8 nm thickness), and with its equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) using SiO2 + HfO2 (0.7nm + 0.641nm). In case of SiO2 + HfO2, changes in dipole moment at interface take place and lead to the change in work function of metal gates. This has been considered under interface dipole effects. It has been observed that IG of the NMOSFET decreases when high‐k material is used as gate dielectric. Also, the gate metal with high work function and heavy acceptor type doping of channel results in decrease in IG. There is a further reduction in IG by including the interface dipoles effect.
High‐density mapping of de novo focal atrial tachycardias using a new software: Protected low‐voltage areas by zones of conduction delay
Authors: Letsas Konstantinos P. , Efremidis Michael , Bazoukis George , Dragasis Stylianos , Megarisiotou Athanasia , Mililis Panagiotis , Saplaouras Athanasios , Vlachos Konstantinos , Asvestas Dimitrios , Valkanas Kosmas , Tse Gary , Sideris Antonios 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe pathophysiological mechanism of focal atrial tachycardias (AT) remains obscure.MethodsFifteen patients (6 males, age 45 ± 18) with focal AT underwent high‐density activation mapping using a new software called extended early‐meets‐late (EEML).ResultsIrrespective of the arrhythmia mechanism, low bipolar voltage fractionated signals (0.14 ± 0.10 mV) were seen at the earliest activation site. The mean low‐voltage area (LVA) at the earliest activation site was 3.2 ± 1.0 cm2. EEML mapping revealed zones of conduction delay at the borders of LVAs.ConclusionsLVAs protected by zones of slow conduction appears to play an important role in the initiation and maintenance of focal ATs.
Effects of different maternal feeding strategies from day 1 to day 85 of gestation on glucose tolerance and muscle development in both low and normal birth weight piglets
Authors: Hu Chengjun , Jin Ping , Yang Yunyu , Yang Linfang , Zhang Ziwei , Zhang Lin , Yin Yulong , Tan Chengquan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMaternal nutrition during gestation plays a vital role in fetal development. The effects of different maternal feeding strategies from day 1 to day 85 of gestation on glucose tolerance and muscle development in low and normal birth weight offspring were investigated by using 80 gilts randomly allotted to T1 and T2 groups and treated respectively with a gradual‐increase (T1) and a convex transition (T2) feeding strategy, with no difference in total feed intake.RESULTST2 group was seen to have a higher percentage of piglets with birth weight less than 500 g, while T1 group was shown to have a higher percentage of piglets with birth weight over 700 g. Meanwhile, for both low and normal birth weight piglets, T1 group was higher than T2 group in terms of muscle free amino acid concentration, mRNA expression levels of muscle growth‐related factors, relative muscle fiber number and cross‐sectional area. We must emphasize that the T2 group was shown to improve glucose tolerance, slow‐twitch muscle fiber protein levels, and muscle mitochondrial function only in low birth weight piglets.CONCLUSIONThe convex transition feeding strategy can decrease the percentage of piglets with birth weight over 700 g, while improving glucose tolerance, slow‐twitch muscle fiber protein levels, and muscle mitochondrial function in low birth weight piglets. Our findings provide new evidence for the potential importance of nutritional strategies during gestation, especially for improving the glucose tolerance and muscle development of low birth weight neonatal. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics with Second‐Order Topological Corner State
Authors: Xie Xin , Zhang Weixuan , He Xiaowu , Wu Shiyao , Dang Jianchen , Peng Kai , Song Feilong , Yang Longlong , Ni Haiqiao , Niu Zhichuan , Wang Can , Jin Kuijuan , Zhang Xiangdong , Xu Xiulai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTopological photonics provides a new paradigm in studying cavity quantum electrodynamics with robustness to disorder. In this work, the coupling between single quantum dots and the second‐order topological corner state are demonstrated. Based on the second‐order topological corner state, a topological photonic crystal cavity is designed and fabricated into GaAs slabs with quantum dots embedded. The coexistence of corner state and edge state with high quality factor close to 2000 is observed. The enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and emission rate are both observed when the quantum dot is on resonance with the corner state. This result enables the application of topology into cavity quantum electrodynamics, offering an approach to topological devices for quantum information processing.
Coarse homotopy groups
Authors: Mitchener Paul D. , Norouzizadeh Behnam , Schick Thomas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this note on coarse geometry we revisit coarse homotopy. We prove that coarse homotopy indeed is an equivalence relation, and this in the most general context of abstract coarse structures. We introduce (in a geometric way) coarse homotopy groups. The main result is that the coarse homotopy groups of a cone over a compact simplicial complex coincide with the usual homotopy groups of the underlying compact simplicial complex. To prove this we develop geometric triangulation techniques for cones which we expect to be of relevance also in different contexts.
Extension of the phenotypic spectrum of GLE1‐related disorders to a mild congenital form resembling congenital myopathy
Authors: Cerino Mathieu , Di Meglio Chloé , Albertini Francesca , Audic Frédérique , Riccardi Florence , Boulay Christophe , Philip Nicole , Bartoli Marc , Lévy Nicolas , Krahn Martin , Chabrol Brigitte 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundGLE1 (GLE1, RNA Export Mediator, OMIM#603371) variants are associated with severe autosomal recessive motor neuron diseases, that are lethal congenital contracture syndrome 1 (LCCS1, OMIM#253310) and congenital arthrogryposis with anterior horn cell disease (CAAHD, OMIM#611890).The clinical spectrum of GLE1‐related disorders has been expanding these past years, including with adult‐onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) GLE1‐related forms, especially through the new molecular diagnosis strategies associated with the emergence of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. However, despite this phenotypic variability, reported congenital or ALS adult‐onset forms remain severe, leading to premature death.MethodsThrough multidisciplinary interactions between our Neuropediatric and Medical Genetics departments, we were able to diagnose two siblings presenting with congenital disorder, using an NGS approach accordingly to the novel French national recommendations.ResultsTwo siblings with very similar clinical features, meaning neuromuscular disorder of neonatal onset with progressive improvement, were examined in our Neuropediatrics department. The clinical presentation evoked initially congenital myopathy with autosomal recessive inheritance. However, additional symptoms such as mild dysmorphic features including high anterior hairline, downslanted palpebral fissures, anteverted nares, smooth philtrum with thin upper‐lip, narrow mouth and microretrognathia or delayed expressive language and postnatal growth retardation were suggestive of a more complex clinical presentation and molecular diagnosis. Our NGS approach revealed an unexpected molecular diagnosis for these two siblings, meaning the presence of the homozygous c.1808G>T GLE1 variant.ConclusionsWe here report the mildest phenotype ever described, in two siblings carrying the homozygous c.1808G>T GLE1 variant, further widening the clinical spectrum of GLE1‐related diseases. Moreover, by reflecting current medical practice, this case report confirms the importance of establishing regular multidisciplinary meetings, essential for discussing such difficult clinical presentations to finally enable molecular diagnosis, especially when NGS technologies are used.
Determining loss tangent values of dry granite for potential S‐band applications
Authors: Helhel Selcuk , Kocakusak Atalay , Sunel Merve 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExamination of the historical buildings and the modern buildings for varying applications and specific absorption rate (SAR) reduction for certain applications from security to health concerns find significant attention in both engineering and science. Applications related to an electromagnetic field and material interaction require the determination of the dielectric coefficients of materials. Both ground‐penetrating radar, which is one of the nondestructive examination methods used during the examination of the historical and modern buildings, and SAR techniques manipulating materials' properties for reduction of specific absorption rates use complex dielectric permittivity of materials. The proposed study as a novelty deals with complex dielectric permittivity in the S‐band region for nine different types of granite commonly used in the construction industry. The standard waveguide method is used as a measurement method. The mean εr for granite is measured as 4.49, and the mean tangent loss is measured as 0.45. Correspondingly, unlike the literature, a model that calculates the relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss value is obtained.
Linear energy transfer weighted beam orientation optimization for intensity‐modulated proton therapy
Authors: Gu Wenbo , Ruan Dan , Zou Wei , Dong Lei , Sheng Ke 
Published: June 2020

PurposeIn intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT), unaccounted‐for variation in biological effectiveness contributes to the discrepancy between the constant relative biological effectiveness (RBE) model prediction and experimental observation. It is desirable to incorporate biological doses in treatment planning to improve modeling accuracy and consequently achieve a higher therapeutic ratio. This study addresses this demand by developing a method to incorporate linear energy transfer (LET) into beam orientation optimization (BOO).MethodsInstead of RBE‐weighted dose, this LET weighted BOO (LETwBOO) framework uses the dose and LET product (LET D) as the biological surrogate. The problem is formulated with a physical dose fidelity term, a LET D constraint term, and a group sparsity term. The LET D of organs at risks is penalized for minimizing the biological effect while maintaining the physical dose objectives. Group sparsity is used to reduce the number of active beams from 600–800 non‐coplanar candidate beams to between 2 and 4. This LETwBOO method was tested on three skull base tumor (SBT) patients and three bilateral head‐and‐neck (H&N) patients. The LETwBOO plans were compared with IMPT plans using manually selected beams with only physical dose constraint (MAN) and the initial MAN plan reoptimized with additional LET D constraint (LETwMAN).ResultsThe LETwBOO plans show superior physical dose and LET D sparing. On average, the [mean, maximal] doses of organs at risks (OARs) in LETwBOO are reduced by [2.85, 4.6] GyRBE from the MAN plans in the SBT cases and reduced by [0.9, 2.5] GyRBE in the H&N cases, while LETwMAN is comparable to MAN. cLET × Ds of PTVs are comparable in LETwBOO and LETwMAN, where c is a scaling factor of 0.04 μm/keV. On average, in the SBT cases, LETwBOO reduces the OAR [mean, maximal] cLET × D by [1.1, 2.9] Gy from the MAN plans, compared to the reduction by LETwMAN from MAN of [0.7, 1.7] Gy. In the H&N cases, LETwBOO reduces the OAR [mean, maximal] cLET × D by [0.8, 2.6] Gy from the MAN plans, compared to the reduction by LETwMAN from MAN of [0.3, 1.2] Gy.ConclusionWe developed a novel LET weighted BOO method for IMPT to generate plans with improved physical and biological OAR sparing compared with the plans unaccounted for biological effects from BOO.
Psychometric properties of factors influencing Healthcare Career Choice Scale
Authors: Almutary Hayfa , Al‐Moteri Modi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this paper was to modify Factors Influencing Teaching Choice scale (FIT‐Choice scale) to be appropriate for healthcare professionals and to assess the psychometric properties of the modified scale.DesignA cross‐sectional study was used.MethodsA convenience sample of 395 students at the preparatory stage of their health path participated in study to evaluate the psychometric properties of “Healthcare Career Choice Scale” (HCC Scale). The study involves two phases: instrument modification and psychometric evaluation.ResultsThe content validity index was 0.88. Using factor analysis, 12 factors were extracted and explained 71.8% of the total variance. The internal consistency was demonstrated with Cronbach's α = .91.
Gene–environment interplay and MicroRNAs in cleft lip and cleft palate
Authors: Iwata Junichi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCleft lip (CL) with/without cleft palate (CP) (hereafter CL/P) is the second most common congenital birth defect, affecting 7.94 to 9.92 children per 10 000 live births worldwide, followed by Down syndrome. An increasing number of genes have been identified as affecting susceptibility and/or as causative genes for CL/P in mouse genetic and chemically induced CL and CP studies, as well as in human genome‐wide association studies and linkage analysis. While marked progress has been made in the identification of genetic and environmental risk factors for CL/P, the interplays between these factors are not yet fully understood. This review aims to summarize our current knowledge of CL and CP from genetically engineered mouse models and environmental factors that have been studied in mice. Understanding the regulatory mechanism(s) of craniofacial development may not only advance our understanding of craniofacial developmental biology, but could also provide approaches for the prevention of birth defects and for tissue engineering in craniofacial tissue regeneration.
Daily received support and relational functioning in HCT survivors and their caregivers
Authors: Kroemeke Aleksandra , Sobczyk‐Kruszelnicka Małgorzata 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesNumerous authors have expressed their interest in adjustment and social support in the context of cancer. However, none of the previous studies has directly examined the models describing the links between daily social support and adjustment fluctuation, particularly at the relational level. This study aimed to verify the additive and buffering models of daily received support regarding the relational level of patient‐caregiver relationship, that is, the relationship‐related stress and relationship satisfaction following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).MethodsTwo hundred patient‐caregiver dyads participated in a 28‐day diary study that was started on the first day after post‐HCT discharge. The participants rated the extent of daily relationship‐related stress, relationship satisfaction, and received support every evening during the study. The analyses were based on the actor‐partner interdependence moderation model.ResultsDaily deviations in received support were directly associated with concurrent and lagged daily deviations in relationship satisfaction, regardless of relationship‐related stress level in both patients and caregivers. In addition, in caregivers, the effect of daily deviations in received support on relationship satisfaction depended on deviations in relationship‐related stress and was significant on the days with higher relationship‐related stress.ConclusionsThe findings supported both the additive (in patients and caregivers) and the buffering hypotheses (in caregivers) of daily received support in patient‐caregiver dyads during the first month following HCT. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are further highlighted.
Adherence to key domains in low back pain guidelines: A cross‐sectional study of Danish physiotherapists
Authors: Husted Maja , Rossen Camilla B. , Jensen Tue S. , Mikkelsen Lone R. , Rolving Nanna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was threefold: Firstly, to investigate the adherence to clinical practice guidelines for low back pain (LBP) among Danish physiotherapists with regard to three key domains: (a) activity, (b) work and (c) psychosocial risk factors. Secondly, to investigate whether adherence differed between physiotherapists working in private clinics (private physiotherapists) and physiotherapists working at public healthcare centres (public physiotherapists). Thirdly, to describe the physiotherapists' treatment modalities for patients with LBP.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was conducted with 817 physiotherapists working in the Central Denmark Region. Adherence to the guideline domains was assessed using two vignettes. The difference in adherence between the groups was assessed using the Chi‐squared test. Treatment modalities were reported using descriptive statistics.ResultsA total of 234 physiotherapists responded, hereof 163 private physiotherapists and 71 public physiotherapists (response rate 29%). The proportions of physiotherapists managing the patients strictly in line with the guideline domains were 32% (activity), 16% (work) and 82% (psychosocial risk factors) for Vignette 1 and 6% (activity), 53% (work) and 60% (psychosocial risk factors) for Vignette 2. Public physiotherapists were more likely to manage patients strictly in line with guidelines for assessing the psychosocial risk factors compared to private physiotherapist (Vignette 1: 92% vs. 77% p = .030; Vignette 2:70% vs. 55% p = .035). Regarding the other two domains, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of adherence (p > .05). Concerning treatment modalities, the majority of physiotherapists instructed the patients in adopting an exercise program or informed the patients about the benign nature and prognosis of LBP.ConclusionOverall, the participating Danish physiotherapists strictly adhered to only one out of three key domains. This underlines the importance of bringing focus on implementing the current guidelines' recommendations in clinical practice.