bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of next-day single-sample measurement for low glomerular filtration rate and comparison with same-day slope-intercept glomerular filtration rate
Authors: McMeekin Helena , Wickham Fred , Fongenie Ben , Burniston Maria 
Published: November 2020

Aim
We aimed to investigate the accuracy of a single-sample glomerular filtration rate (SS-GFR) technique with a sample taken at 24 h post-injection for patients with GFR lower than 25 mL/min/1.73 m2. A comparison with the results from same-day slope-intercept GFR (SI-GFR) was also performed.

Methods
Data from patients referred for GFR assessment to inform the management of chronic kidney disease at the Royal Free Hospital were reviewed. Four-sample SI-GFR calculation with samples at 2-, 4-, 6-, and 24-h post-injection was taken as the reference measurement to which the Gref and Karp SS-GFR (24-h sample) and same-day SI-GFR (2- and 4-h samples) were compared. The effect of protein binding on GFR accuracy was modelled.

Results
A total of 43 GFR examinations with reference GFR less than 25 mL/min/1.73 m2 were included in the analysis. Bland–Altman analysis gave mean differences of 0.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% confidence interval: 0–0.7) for SS-GFR (24 h) and 3.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% confidence interval: 1.9–4.2) for same-day SI-GFR. 95% limits of agreement were –2.0 to 2.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 for SS-GFR (24 h) and –4.0 to 10.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 for same-day SI-GFR.

Conclusions
SS-GFR with a 24-h sample is more accurate than same-day SI-GFR in patients with GFR less than 25 mL/min/1.73 m2. Using SS-GFR with a 24-h sample in routine clinical practice will result in clinically insignificant differences in GFR result compared with the reference technique, whereas a same-day SI-GFR measurement could cause large inaccuracies.
Dosimetry-guided radioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism: long-term experience and implications for guidelines
Authors: Leitha Thomas , Schartel Manuela , Hurtl Ingrid , Bednar Rudolf , König Franz , Mayrhofer Karl , Pietschmann Flavia 
Published: November 2020

Background
Long-term follow-up after radioactive iodine therapy (RIT) for Graves’ disease and toxic thyroid autonomy is incompletely addressed by current guidelines. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical course of 1233 out of 1728 consecutive Graves’ disease (n = 536) and thyroid autonomy (n = 1192) patients after dosimetry-guided RIT to optimize follow-up.

Methods
Patients were referred between 1990 and 2018; follow-up was monitored according to available electronic registers with medical reports, including autopsies from 9 hospitals and 10 residential care homes.

Results
In total, 495/1728 cases were censored because of incomplete 6-month follow-up data. The conversion rates to hypothyroidism in Graves’ disease and different forms of thyroid autonomy can be deconvoluted into two follow-up periods: first year after RIT and afterward. The conversion rate in Graves’ disease was significantly higher than that in all thyroid autonomy subgroups during the first year but almost identical afterwards. Thyroxine substitution started between 10 and 7900 days after RIT at thyroid stimulating hormone between 0.11 and 177 µU/ml.

Conclusions
We advise earlier (2–3 weeks) first follow-up checks after RIT in all Graves’ disease patients and thyroid autonomy under antithyroid drugs (ATD) and re-checks every 2–4 weeks until conversion to hypothyroidism during the first year. The first check in thyroid autonomy without ATD should be after 3–4 weeks with re-checks every 4–6 weeks. After 1 year, both groups can be re-checked every 4–6 months over the next 5 years. The success rate of RIT in thyroid autonomyincreases with age but the history of RIT is rapidly lost during follow-up.
Impact of 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/computerized tomography on the initial staging and changing the management intent in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kandeel Ahmed , Saied Mona , Aldaly Moustafa , Darwish Hanan , Alsayed Yasser 
Published: November 2020

Objective
To assess the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in initial staging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its impact on changing the management compared to other conventional methods.

Patients and methods
A prospective study of 31 patients (21 male and 10 female), mean age 49.3 ± 12.1 years with histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (nasopharynx was the commonest cancer in 15 patients (48.4%), poorly differentiated grade represented 64.5% of all tumors. Initial staging was achieved according to routine physical examination, endoscopy, CT, U/S, MRI.

Results
The overall change in TNM staging by 18F-FDG PET/CT in relation to conventional methods was encountered in 15/31 patients (48.4%). PET/CT changed; T staging in three patients (9.6%), upstaging in two patients and downstaging in one patient. PET/CT upstaged all 13/31 patients in N staging (41.9%). 18F-FDG PET/CT changed; M staging in 3/31 (9.6%) patients, upstaging in two and downstaging in one patient. PET/CT results caused radiotherapy modification in 21/31 patients (67.7%). PET/CT detected intra-parotid nodule in four patients, so additional radiation was added to the parotid in the treatment field. Retropharyngeal nodes were detected by PET/CT in three patients that were missed by conventional imaging. 18F-FDG PET/CT detected two patients of thyroid papillary carcinoma and one case of sigmoid neoplasm confirmed by histopathology.

Conclusion
18F-FDG-PET/CT is considered a valuable diagnostic test in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma at initial assessment which would change staging and radiotherapy planning and hence proper management.
Whole-body 18-F-FDG-PET in patients with leptomeningeal disease and correlation with MRI
Authors: Panda Ananya , Hintermeister Holly A. , Hunt Christopher H. , Kendi Ayse Tuba 
Published: November 2020

Objective
Studies evaluating leptomeningeal disease on whole-body 18F-FDG PET are lacking. The purpose was to evaluate PET imaging of leptomeningeal disease and investigate the incremental utility of newer PET reconstructions in leptomeningeal disease.

Methods
PET imaging of 56 patients with leptomeningeal disease detected initially on MRI (n = 53) or cytopathology (n = 35) were retrospectively reviewed. Regular 3-dimensional iterative reconstruction (3D IR, n = 56) and advanced reconstruction (AdvRecon, n = 41) PET images were evaluated by readers blinded to clinical and MRI findings for uptake involving cauda equina, posterior fossa and spinal cord. Spinal cord uptake pattern was classified as normal (uptake < liver), uptake = liver, conus uptake > liver, conus and cervical cord uptake > liver and multifocal/diffuse uptake > liver. SUVmax ratios of conus/liver, conus/left atrium and conus/cervical cord were compared between 3D IR and AdvRecon datasets.

Results
Cauda equina uptake was seen in 64% and 78% on 3D IR and AdvRecon; posterior fossa uptake was seen in 52% and 54% on 3D IR and AdvRecon, respectively. Twelve percent had cauda equina or posterior fossa uptake visible only on AdvRecon. On 3D IR, normal spinal cord uptake was most common (27%); on AdvRecon, conus and cervical cord uptake > liver was most common (32%). Seven of 11 patients with normal spinal cord uptake on 3D IR were upgraded to increased uptake on AdvRecon. AdvRecon showed significantly higher conus/liver, conus/blood pool and conus/cervical cord SUVmax ratios (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Abnormal uptake in cauda equina, posterior fossa and spinal cord uptake are visible on FDG PET in leptomeningeal disease with increased conspicuity advanced PET reconstructions.
The impact of permanent pacemaker implantation on thallium myocardial perfusion examination detecting ischemic heart disease
Authors: Huang Mu-Shiang , Chen Tse-Wei , Liu Yi-Sheng , Wang Yi-Shen , Lee Cheng-Han , Chen Ju-Yi 
Published: November 2020

Objectives
Patients with permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation may have altered coronary perfusion patterns that may influence the accuracy of myocardial perfusion examination modalities, which was observed in previous studies but with limited statistic power. Our aim was to examine the performance of thallium-201 (TL-201) myocardial perfusion examination in patients with implanted PPM.

Methods
Data of consecutive patients from our institution who had coronary angiography examination followed by TL-201 myocardial perfusion examination in pairs within 1 year were collected between January 2010 and December 2016 and were divided into PPM and control groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to compare the positive predictive value (PPV) of perfusion examinations.

Results
A total of 934 pairs of studies were evaluated, with 81 in the PPM group and 853 controls. The PPV decreased significantly in the PPM group (28.2 vs. 62.9%, P < 0.001). The finding of large (>20%) ischemic areas correlated significantly with all-cause mortality in the control group (OR, 2.34; P = 0.001), but not in the PPM group (OR,1.05; P = 0.943). After PSM, the PPV was still significantly lower in the PPM group than in the non-PPM group (28.6 vs. 66.2%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Study results do not support the appropriateness of using TL-201 perfusion examinations for risk stratification in patients with implanted PPM.
Video Abstract: http://links.lww.com/NMC/A181.
Stack-Up Technique to Create a Three-Dimensional Costal Cartilage Framework in Ear Reconstruction
Authors: Dong Liwei , Hao Dongyue , Liu Hengxin , Cui Jiangbo , Yao Wende , Wei Siming , Xia Wensen , Ma Xianjie 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Ear reconstruction is one of the most challenging procedures for plastic surgeons. The costal cartilage is the most accepted material, and the framework fabrication methods also vary with the different ear reconstruction methods. This study aimed to present our clinical experience using a novel method for costal cartilage framework fabrication with the “fully expansion technique” ear reconstruction without a skin graft. From January 2017 to June 2018, 107 patients with unilateral microtia underwent ear reconstruction with the fully expansion technique. Costal cartilage was designed into different components and stacked up to form the multilayer structure and adequate projection. Preexpansion provided larger skin flap for fully cover the anterior and posterior parts of the framework. Then the anterior ear structures and the posterior sulcus, as well as the ideal bilateral symmetry, were established simultaneously without a skin graft. A total of 107 patients in this group were followed up for 8 to 24 month, and altogether 98 patients (91.6%) were satisfied with the reconstruction. The cartilage “stack-up” framework fabrication and fully expansion technique provided a well-defined, well-projected, and bilateral symmetrical reconstructed ear.
Secondary Treatment of Cleft Lip Correction Sequelae With Percutaneous Needleotomy, Autologous Fat Grafting, and Local Flaps: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Klinger Marco , Klinger Francesco , Battistini Andrea , Lisa Andrea , Maione Luca , Caviggioli Fabio , Vinci Valeriano 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is the most common congenital craniofacial malformation. The severity of the anatomic deformity is highly variable and different techniques can be employed depending on whether the defect is unilateral or bilateral, complete or incomplete. Patients usually undergo multiple steps of reconstruction throughout childhood and adolescence and, for this reason, secondary deformities of the nasolabial region of the midface may ensue. Considering our experience in the treatment of scars, we opted to correct the cleft lip surgery sequelae not only with local flaps/scar revisions, but we decided to add the use of the autologous fat grafting (AFG) to induce a regenerative effect in these young patients.

Materials and Methods:
In this study we present the results obtained from a series of 12 consecutive Caucasian patients aged from 23 to 44 years with widened paramedian lip scars secondary to cleft lip reconstruction surgery, treated with a combination of needle-induced lysis of the scar tissue and AFG from January 2013 to December 2018.

Results:
After the procedure we observed an overall improvement in the quality of the scar tissue, in the function of mimic features, in the symmetry and cosmetics of the lower third of the nose. Patients’ satisfaction was excellent. Results were long lasting and remained virtually unchanged after 1 year of follow-up.

Conclusions:
Scar release by needle, AFG and local flaps are excellent tools for the treatment of cleft lip correction sequelae, but the combination of these surgical techniques can lead to even better results.

Level of Evidence: Level V
The Nasolabial Area Shown on Histology and P45 Sheet Plastination
Authors: Hwang Kun , Sui Hong-Jin , Han Seung Ho , Kim Hun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationships between the nasolabial fold and superficial fascia on histology and P45 sheet plastination.
Two centimeter width specimen of the nasolabial area were harvested from the skin to periosteum. Then, 10-μm sections were made, stained with Masson trichrome, and observed under a light microscope. Three head and neck specimens were sliced in horizontal sections (46 slices) using P45 sheet plastination (polyester resin corrosion-resistant method designed to preserve biological sectional specimens in situ). Through slicing, bleaching, dehydration, casting, forced impregnation, curing, cutting, and sanding the molds, P45 plastination provided good light transmission, allowing the internal structures within the sheet to be revealed clearly in their intact form.
The observations on histology and P45 sheet plastination correlated well. The nasolabial fold consisted of the superficial fatty layer of superficial fascia (SFS). At the beginning of the alar groove level, the nasolabial groove was located on the point where the medial limit of SFS met the levator labii superioris. At the alar base level, the nasolabial groove was located where the medial limit of the SFS met levator labii superioris. At the mouth corner level, the nasolabial groove was located where the medial limit of the SFS met the modiolus, including the orbicularis oris. The superficial fascia became scanty near the nasolabial groove, and the SFS comprised the nasolabial fold.
The results of the present study may be helpful for applying subcutaneous dissection or sub-superficial muscular aponeurotic system dissection in rejuvenation of the nasolabial area.
Does the Lockdown Influence the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service in a Level 1 Trauma Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Figueiredo Laura Braga , Araújo Stella Cristina Soares , Martins Gustavo Henrique , Costa Samuel Macedo , Amaral Marcio Bruno Figueiredo , Silveira Roger Lanes 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The pandemic status of the Novel Coronavirus 2019 has affected many countries around the world, due to the high virulence of the SARS-CoV-2, the recommended protocol to prevent infection is social isolation. The purpose of this study was to compare the number of patients admitted and their epidemiological data on a Level 1 Trauma Hospital after the declaration of the pandemic status and the first week of mandatory lockdown, with the same period of time in the last year. This was a retrospective study of medical records from the patients admitted in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the João XXIII Hospital, between the March 24 and March 31 of 2020 and the same period of the last year. There was a 52.27% decrease in the total number of patients and 76.34% decrease in the total consultations of the service of oral and maxillofacial surgery during the lockdown. All the groups presented a decrease in significance with motor vehicle accidents events, the group 11 to 20 years old presented an increase on the correlation with violence (P = 0.019) and falls (P = 0.002). When comparing both sex with the etiologies, the male one presented an increase in the correlation with violence and falls. The female sex presented correlations only with the minor causes. No valid significance was observed when comparing females with violence events. The lockdown is an effective way to reduce the transmission of the COVID-19, the hospital usage and occupation.
Application of Medical Adhesive in Emergency Treatment of Head and Face Injury
Authors: Wang Chaochao , Zhang Li , Chen Muhu , Zhong Wu 
Published: November 2020

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to analyze the application effect of medical adhesive in emergency surgical scalp and facial skin treatment. To explore the better application of medical adhesive in emergency work

Methods:
A total of 180 patients with scalp and facial skin laceration admitted to the emergency department of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from August 2018 to August 2019 were selected. The patients were divided into the control group (n = 70) and the treatment group (n = 110) using the random number table method. The control group was treated with debridement, local anesthesia, and suture technique without medical adhesive, whereas the treatment group was treated with medical adhesive after debridement without local anesthesia. The operation time, pain degree, total cost, and satisfaction of the 2 groups were compared.

Results:
The operation time in treatment group was shorter than that in control group (12.0 ± 2.6 minutes versus 17.7 ± 2.5 minutes, P < 0. 05), and the visual simulation score (VAS) of treatment group were lower than that in control group (2.45 ± 1.63 versus 5.66 ± 1.65, P < 0. 05), and the total cost in treatment group was higher than that in control group (¥906.6 ± 69.0 versus ¥329.8 ± 76.4, P < 0. 05). In control group 17 not satisfiedpatients, satisfied 37 patients, and 16 patients felt excellent; in treatment group, there are 7 not satisfiedpatients, 21 satisfied patients, and 82 felt excellent. Patients’ satisfaction was compared between the 2 groups, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The results suggest that Medical adhesive used in scalp skin trauma and facial wounds had the advantages of shorter operation time, less pain, and higher postoperative satisfaction of patients, but higher cost than conventional suture. Medical adhesive has obvious advantages and high feasibility in the treatment of scalp and facial skin wounds.
Superficial Fascia of the Cheek Shown in P45 Sheet Plastination
Authors: Hwang Kun , Sui Hong-Jin , Kim Hun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the authors attempted to determine the extent of the superficial fascia of the cheek using P45 sheet plastination.
Three head and neck specimens were sliced in horizontal (46 slices), coronal (30 slices), and sagittal (29 slices) sections using P45 sheet plastination (special polyester resin corrosion-resistant method designed to preserve biological sectional specimens in situ). Through slicing, bleaching, dehydration, casting, forced impregnation, curing, cutting, and sanding the molds, P45 plastination sheets provided good light transmission, allowing the internal structures within the sheet to reveal clearly in their intact form.
P45 sheet plastination revealed that the superficial fascia in the cheek area is generally composed of 3 layers: a superficial fatty layer, a membranous layer, and a deep fatty layer. Anteriorly, the membranous layer of superficial fascia (MSF) extended to the posterior border of the zygomaticus major muscle, enveloping this muscle, and then to the lateral border of the orbicularis oculi muscle. Posteriorly, the MSF extended to the anterior border of the parotid gland, and then was continuous with the parotid fascia. Superiorly, the MSF extended to the line from the tragus to the alar base. Inferiorly, the MSF extended to the line from the mandibular angle to the mouth corner. Below this line, the SMAS continued to the upper border of the platysma muscle.
Our results using P45 plastination concorded well with Mitz's original drawing. We suggest that the results of the present study may be helpful for practicing surgeons to apply in subcutaneous dissection or sub-SMAS dissection in facelift procedures.
Effect of Cleft Palate Repair Timing on Inpatient Complication Rate: Review of a National Database
Authors: Bluher Andrew E. , Cunningham Tina D. , Reeves Travis D. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
Timing of cleft palate repair is controversial. We aim to assess whether timing of cleft palate repair affects rates of inpatient complications, length of stay (LOS), and cost of stay.

Methods:
The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids’ Inpatient Database 2009 was queried for all admissions with a primary diagnosis of cleft palate during which cleft palate repair was performed as a primary procedure. Age 6 months or less was termed “early” repair, while age >6 months was termed “standard” repair. Patients age >3 years old, inpatient stays >30 days, and those stays in which a cleft lip repair was performed were excluded. Logistic regressions were used to model the probability of complications. Generalized linear models and a natural log link function were used for LOS and hospital charges, using SAS 9.4.

Results:
We included 223 early and 1482 standard repair patients. Early repairs were exclusively performed in urban hospitals (P < 0.001). Eighty-nine patients experienced a total of 100 complications, including respiratory failure (N = 53), airway obstruction (N = 18), and oropharyngeal hemorrhage (N = 13). We found no significant difference in complication rate or total hospital charges in the 2 groups. The earlier repair group had a slightly longer LOS (P = 0.048).

Conclusion:
Over 85% of United States cleft palate repairs are performed after 6 months of age. All early repairs were performed at urban hospitals, and had slightly longer LOS. There was a 5.1% overall complication rate. Available data revealed no significant difference in complication rates between early repair and standard repair groups.

Level of Evidence:
3b
Barbed Broach in the Maxillary Sinus: A Report of Unusual Complication in Craniofacial Area
Authors: Jamil Firas A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The upper posterior teeth are usually in close relation to the maxillary sinus (MS). This proximity may lead to serious complications throughout different dental procedures. Early diagnosis and management play a significant role in preventing the sequelae of sinusitis and/or cysts. This article presented an extremely unusual case of barbed broach (BB) displacement into the MS, during endodontic treatment, together with the optimal surgical management. Searching the databases has revealed that it was be the first case reported in the literature. It seemed that the modified Caldwell-Luc approach used in this case was very safe, effective, and associated with minimal post-operative side effects.