bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for pre‐eclampsia: Performance of National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines versus American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommendations
Authors: Phumsiripaiboon Phumarin , Suksai Manaphat , Suntharasaj Thitima , Geater Alan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommendations for pre‐eclampsia (PE) screening.MethodsThis retrospective study included 4600 Thai pregnant women who received maternity care between January 2006 and December 2015 at Songklanagarind Hospital, a tertiary care center in southern Thailand. The medical data of each participant were assessed using the NICE and ACOG criteria to identify maternal risk for PE. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio for detecting pregnancies complicated with PE according to each guideline were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to compare the predictive performance.ResultsPre‐eclampsia was found in 167 cases (3.63%). The ACOG recommendations achieved ROC area 0.70 (58.1% sensitivity with 82.4% specificity) for PE at any gestation and ROC area 0.66 (62.9% sensitivity with 69.0% specificity) for PE which required delivery before 37 weeks' gestation. ROC areas based on the NICE guidelines were 0.64 (35.3% sensitivity with 92.5% specificity) and 0.59 (34.8% sensitivity with 83.4% specificity) for all PE and preterm PE, respectively. The ACOG criteria were significantly more accurate than the NICE criteria for detecting maternal risk for all PE, preterm PE and nulliparity cases (P values <0.05).ConclusionFor Thai pregnant women, screening for PE with maternal risk factors according to the ACOG recommendations was more effective in identifying high‐risk pregnancies than the NICE guidelines.
Uterine compression sutures with additional hemostatic procedures for the management of postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Kwong Lee Ting , So Po Lam , Wong Sai Fun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacies and possible short‐term complications in women receiving uterine compression sutures only and those with additional hemostatic procedures for the management of postpartum hemorrhage.MethodsIt was a retrospective study carried out from year 2009 to 2019 at a tertiary obstetric hospital and included 79 women who underwent uterine compression sutures (B‐Lynch sutures, Hayman's sutures and Cho's sutures) for primary postpartum hemorrhage. Thirty‐six of these women had additional hemostatic procedures (uterine artery ligation or embolization) performed for bleeding control.ResultsOf the 43 women who were primarily treated with uterine compression sutures only, the success rate to preserve the uterus was 97.7% (42/43). In women with uterine compression sutures and additional hemostatic procedures performed, the success rate was 75% (27/36). Among these two groups of women without peripartum hysterectomy, there were no significant differences in the incidence of secondary postpartum hemorrhage (14.8% vs. 11.9%; P = 0.729), postoperative endometritis (14.8% vs. 14.3%; P > 0.99) and retained products of conception (3.7% vs. 9.5%; P = 0.641) during their 6‐week postpartum checkup. Three women were diagnosed to have hematometra. No pyometra or uterine necrosis was noted.ConclusionUterine compression sutures with additional hemostatic procedures are effective to control postpartum hemorrhage and prevent hysterectomy. The short‐term complication rate is low. Long‐term monitoring is needed to identify rare but potentially dangerous complications.
Network Localization of Central Hypoventilation Syndrome in Lateral Medullary Infarction
Authors: Prabhakar Appaswamy , Sivadasan Ajith , Shaikh Atif , Aaron Sanjith , Benjamin Rohit , Mani Arun Mathai , Mathew Vivek 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe brainstem plays a key role in the control of respiration. Strokes involving the lateral medulla can rarely produce a central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS) characterized by loss of automatic respiration called Ondine's curse. In this study, we investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of CHS in patients with lateral medullary infarction (LMI).METHODSCases of CHS following LMI were identified from searching our medical records and literature. Voxel‐based lesion‐symptom mapping and lesion network‐symptom‐mapping (LNSM) analysis was performed to identify the regions connected to the lesion sites based on normative functional connectome data.RESULTSSixteen patients with CHS and 32 controls were included. The ventro‐lateral region of the rostral medulla showed a significant association with CHS. LNSM analysis showed connections of this region to the rostral ventro‐lateral medulla and caudal pons.CONCLUSIONSIn patients with LMI, disruption of the respiratory control network, at the level of ventro‐lateral region of the rostral medulla, could result in CHS.
Application of WeChat‐assisted peri‐operative care in children with congenital megacolon
Authors: Shen Yong , Fang YiFan , Wu DianMing , Bai JianXi , Lin Yu 
Published: August 2020

AimThis study explored the clinical effects of WeChat‐based peri‐operative care on parents of children with congenital megacolon.MethodsParticipants were randomly divided into WeChat group and telephone group. This study explored parents' knowledge of the care of children with megacolon, the follow‐up rate of children, post‐operative defaecation function and complications.ResultsWeChat group scored better in nursing knowledge than telephone group, and the difference was statistically significant. The lost follow‐up rate in WeChat group was lower than that in telephone group, and the difference was statistically significant. Post‐operative defaecation was also better in the WeChat group than in the phone group. Most complications in the phone group were significantly higher than those in the WeChat group.ConclusionPeri‐operative care for parents of children with megacolon through WeChat can effectively enhance the level of parental care knowledge, improve defaecation, reduce the occurrence of certain complications and reduce lost follow‐up.
Acceptability of the culturally adapted ASQ‐TRAK developmental screening tool to caregivers of Aboriginal children
Authors: Johansen Kimberly , Jeyaseelan Deepa , Chan Yee P , Simpson Samantha , O'Keefe Maree , D'Aprano Anita 
Published: August 2020

AimThe Ages and Stages Questionnaire‐Talking about Raising Aboriginal Kids (ASQ‐TRAK) culturally adapted developmental screening tool is widely used in Australian Aboriginal communities. However, there has been limited exploration of the tool's acceptability to caregivers. The aim of the study is to determine the acceptability of the ASQ‐TRAK developmental screening tool to caregivers of Aboriginal children in urban, regional and remote South Australia.MethodsCaregivers of Aboriginal children completed a survey regarding acceptability of the ASQ‐TRAK. Convenience samples of caregivers were invited to a telephone interview.ResultsNinety‐two caregivers completed the survey (96% response). Acceptability (92%) and caregiver satisfaction (73%) were high. Families perceived the screen as easy to use and understand, strengths‐based and providing valuable information about their child's development.ConclusionsThe ASQ‐TRAK tool was highly acceptable to caregivers in Aboriginal communities in South Australia. The study highlights the importance of culturally safe practice and supports ASQ‐TRAK implementation. Broader use and further evaluation of the ASQ‐TRAK in Aboriginal communities needs consideration.
Dental caries and associated factors among adolescents aged 12 to 15 in Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Zeng Liwei , Peng Yijing , Xu Titi , Wen Jianqiong , Wan Li , Ou Xiaoyan , Zhou Xiaojun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this survey was to examine the association of general characteristics, oral health knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and dental caries status among adolescents in Jiangxi Province and to provide a basis for future prevention of dental caries among middle school students.MethodsA total of 8,160 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years were invited to participate in this survey by a stratified random cluster sampling method from 30 schools in five counties in Jiangxi Province. A self‐administered questionnaire was used to understand their basic characteristics, including oral health behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes. Chi‐square tests were used to compare dental caries status and general characteristics. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to study the effects of oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior on dental caries.ResultsThe prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth was 25.8 percent, and the mean DMFT score of 12‐ to 15‐year‐old adolescents was 0.48 ± 1.04. The prevalence in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (P < 0.001). The prevalence was higher in girls than in boys (P < 0.001). No significant age differences were observed (P > 0.05) in the prevalence of dental caries. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the variables associated with dental caries were tooth brushing frequency, use of toothpaste, frequency of sugary milk intake, smoking, and oral health attitudes.ConclusionsThis study revealed that adolescent oral health behaviors and attitudes were associated with dental caries. It is important to implement targeted oral disease prevention and control measures among adolescents.
9-PAN promotes tubulin- and ROS-mediated cell death in human triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Verma Prachi , Nagireddy Praveen Kumar Reddy , Prassanawar Shweta Shyam , Nirmala Jesuthankaraj Grace , Gupta Ankita , Kantevari Srinivas , Lopus Manu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To examine the antiproliferative effect of a rationally designed, novel noscapine analogue, 9-((perfluorophenyl)methylene) aminonoscapine, ‘9-PAN’) on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism of action.

Methods
The rationally designed Schiff base-containing compound, 9-PAN, was characterized using IR, NMR and mass spectra analysis. The effect of the compound on cell viability was studied using an MTT assay. Cell cycle and cell death analyses were performed using flow cytometry. Binding interactions of 9-PAN with tubulin were studied using spectrofluorometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were investigated using the probes, DCFDA and rhodamine-123, respectively. Immunofluorescence imaging was used to visualize cellular microtubules.

Key findings
9-PAN inhibited cell proliferation (IC50 of 20 ± 0.3 µm) and colony formation (IC50, 6.2 ± 0.3 µm) by arresting the cells at G2/M phase of the cell cycle. It bound to tubulin in a concentration-dependent manner without considerably altering the tertiary conformation of the protein or the polymer mass of the microtubules in vitro. The noscapinoid substantially damaged cellular microtubule network and induced cell death, facilitated by elevated levels of ROS.

Conclusions
9-PAN exerts its antiproliferative effect by targeting tubulin and elevating ROS level in the cells.
Pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: a lignan from prunes (Prunus domestica) attenuates oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia and hepatic toxicity in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Youssef Fadia S , Ashour Mohamed L , El-Beshbishy Hesham A , Ahmed Hamza Alaaeldin , Singab Abdel Nasser B , Wink Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to explore the pharmacological properties of pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG), isolated from prunes.

Methods
In-vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]-diammonium salt (ABTS) assays. In-vivo hepatoprotective activity was evaluated using CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity mouse model. The antihyperglycaemic activity was determined in vitro using α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibiting activity and in vivo using streptozotocin-treated model. Molecular modelling was done on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, aldose reductase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.

Key findings
Pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside showed promising antioxidant activity in FRAP and ABTS assays with total antioxidant capacity equal 418.47 and 1091.3 µmol/g in terms of ascorbic acid, respectively. PG (50 mg/kg b.w.) exhibited a hepatoprotective activity in vivo as it lowered AST and ALT levels. PG showed a potent in-vitro antihyperglycaemic activity as it inhibited α-glucosidase with an IC50 value of 48.13 μg/ml. PG caused a prominent decline in serum glucose level by 37.83% in streptozotocin-treated mice with promising elevation in insulin level of 25.37%. Oxidative stress markers were reduced by PG, and it showed a high fitting on α-amylase and α-glucosidase active sites.

Conclusions
Pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is a natural entity combating oxidative stress, hepatic damage and diabetes.
Morus nigra L. leaves improve the meat quality in finishing pigs
Authors: Fan Lujie , Peng Ying , Wu Dan , Hu Jianhong , Shi Xin’E , Yang Gongshe , Li Xiao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate effects of dietary Mulberry leaves on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality in finishing pigs. Here, a total of 72 crossbred [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] pigs with an average initial body weight of 70.03 ± 0.48 kg were used in this 45‐day feeding trial. The pigs were randomly divided into three groups (6 pigs/pen and 4 replicates/group). Dietary treatments included a control diet (without any Mulberry leaves) and diets supplemented with 5% non‐ or fermented Mulberry leaf powder (MF or FMF respectively). The present findings indicated that compared with the control group, administration of MF or FMF significantly improved gain: feed ratio (p < .05) and reduced the backfat thickness (p < .05). Meanwhile, dietary MF and FMF significantly enhanced triglyceride deposition in Longissimus dorsi muscles (p < .05). Besides, both of MF and FMF could effectively improve the antioxidant capacity by increasing the content of T‐AOC and SOD in serum and reduce the rancidity of pork. In conclusion, supplementary MF and FMF could promote gain: feed ratio, reduce backfat thickness, increase fat deposition in muscle and reduce the rancidity of pork.
Comparing the Health Workforce Provider Mix and the Distance Travelled for Mental Health Services by Rural and Urban Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Andrilla C. Holly A. , Garberson Lisa A. , Patterson Davis G. , Quigley Tim F. , Larson Eric H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeTo describe the mix of health professionals who care for rural and urban seniors suffering from mood and/or anxiety disorders, the quantity of services they receive, and to understand where beneficiaries receive care for mood and/or anxiety disorders and the distance and time they travel for care.MethodsWe used 2014 Medicare administrative claims data to examine access to health care for fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥ 65 years who received outpatient services for mood and anxiety disorders. We classified providers into 9 categories: (1) family physicians/general practice, (2) internists, (3) nurse practitioners (NPs) and physician assistants (PAs), (4) psychiatrists, (5) psychologists, (6) clinical social workers, (7) emergency medicine physicians, (8) other physicians, and (9) other providers. We calculated the 1‐way driving distance and travel time between the beneficiary residence and provider location. We classified beneficiaries into 1 of 4 geographic categories based on their residence ZIP Code.FindingsUrban beneficiaries had an average of 2.7 visits for mood and anxiety disorders, while rural beneficiaries had 2.4. Generalist physicians and NPs/PAs provided 50.8% of all visits. Urban beneficiaries saw more behavioral health specialists (34.3%) than rural beneficiaries (16.1%). NPs and PAs provided more than twice as much of the care for rural beneficiaries (14.8%) as for urban beneficiaries (6.4%). Rural beneficiaries travelled about twice as far as urban beneficiaries.ConclusionsRural and urban Medicare beneficiaries received care for mood/anxiety disorders from different mixes of health care providers, and ensuring access for rural populations will require innovative solutions.
Electrolyte measurements differ between point‐of‐care and reference analysers in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism
Authors: Fowlie S. , Spence S. , Roberts E. , Ramsey I. K. 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionDogs treated for hypoadrenocorticism are monitored through analysis of their blood electrolytes. This is routinely performed with point‐of‐care analysers and doses of medications are adjusted based on the results.ObjectivesTo investigate the performance of two point‐of‐care analysers (IDEXX Catalyst Dx and IDEXX VetStat) against a reference laboratory method for the measurement of blood sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations, as well as sodium: potassium ratios, in dogs diagnosed with and treated for hypoadrenocorticism.MethodsForty‐eight dogs were enrolled into a prospective cross‐sectional study. Paired blood samples were taken and tested on two point‐of‐care analysers and at a reference laboratory. Statistical analysis was then performed with Bland‐Altman analysis and Passing‐Bablok regression. The clinical effects of inaccurate electrolyte analysis were investigated.ResultsIn total, 329 samples were tested on the Catalyst analyser, while another 72 samples were tested on the VetStat. Passing‐Bablok regression identified both proportional and constant bias for some analytes. There was poor agreement between sodium and chloride concentrations on both analysers. Both analysers tended to give higher results than the reference method for all analytes, except for potassium when measured on the VetStat.Clinical SignificanceThere are inherent differences between the electrolyte concentrations measured by these two point‐of‐care analysers and reference laboratory methods in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism.
Unhealthy lifestyle habits and physical inactivity among Asian patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhang Xinrong , Goh George B.‐B. , Chan Wah‐Kheong , Wong Grace L.‐H. , Fan Jian‐Gao , Seto Wai‐Kay , Huang Yi‐Hsiang , Lin Han‐Chieh , Lee I‐Cheng , Lee Hye Won , Kim Seung Up , Chow Wan Cheng , Wong Vincent W.‐S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsLifestyle modification is the cornerstone for the management of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aim to understand lifestyle habits of NAFLD patients, compare across Asian regions and identify area of deficiency.MethodsIn the multi‐centre controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)‐Asia study, we collected clinical data and lifestyle habit data of NAFLD patients from Singapore, mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Malaysia. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.ResultsA total of 555 patients were included in the final analysis (mean age 54.5 ± 11.2 years, 54.1% men and median liver stiffness 6.7 kPa). More patients from mainland China (27.4%) and Taipei (25.0%) were smokers. Modest drinking was more common in Taiwan (25.0%) and Hong Kong (18.2%); only 1.3% had binge drinking. Majority of patients drank coffee (64.0%) and tea (80.2%), with varying amounts and durations in different regions. Soft drinks consumption was most common in Singapore (62.2%) and Malaysia (57.7%). Only 29.7% of patients met the Physical Activity Guidelines Recommendations, with no major differences across regions. Patients with liver stiffness <10 kPa were more likely to report any vigorous activity, and sitting time was an independent factor associated with high CAP. Tea and coffee consumption were independently associated with high CAP and liver stiffness, respectively.ConclusionsDespite some heterogeneity, unhealthy lifestyle and physical inactivity are common across Asian regions. Patients with liver stiffness <10 kPa were more likely to report any vigorous activity. Healthcare providers may use the comparative data to identify areas of deficiency.
The transmission of unconventional monetary policy to bank credit supply: Evidence from the TLTRO
Authors: Afonso António , Sousa‐Leite Joana 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe assess the transmission of the Targeted Longer‐Term Refinancing Operations (TLTRO) to the bank credit supply for the Euro area (2014–2017) and for Portugal (2011:02–2018:01), using a panel data setup. In order to estimate a causal effect, we construct an instrumental variable (IV) using the maximum borrowing allowance in the TLTRO. For the Euro area, we find a positive impact of the TLTRO on the amount of credit granted to the real economy, in particular in the less vulnerable countries. For Portugal, using a difference‐in‐differences model, we find that bidding banks set lower interest rates in relation to non‐bidding banks and the difference seems to be larger in 2016 and 2017.
Divergence, gene flow, and the origin of leapfrog geographic distributions: The history of colour pattern variation in Phyllobates poison‐dart frogs
Authors: Márquez Roberto , Linderoth Tyler P. , Mejía‐Vargas Daniel , Nielsen Rasmus , Amézquita Adolfo , Kronforst Marcus R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe geographic distribution of phenotypic variation among closely related populations is a valuable source of information about the evolutionary processes that generate and maintain biodiversity. Leapfrog distributions, in which phenotypically similar populations are disjunctly distributed and separated by one or more phenotypically distinct populations, represent geographic replicates for the existence of a phenotype, and are therefore especially informative. These geographic patterns have mostly been studied from phylogenetic perspectives to understand how common ancestry and divergent evolution drive their formation. Other processes, such as gene flow between populations, have not received as much attention. Here, we investigate the roles of divergence and gene flow between populations in the origin and maintenance of a leapfrog distribution in Phyllobates poison frogs. We found evidence for high levels of gene flow between neighbouring populations but not over long distances, indicating that gene flow between populations exhibiting the central phenotype may have a homogenizing effect that maintains their similarity, and that introgression between ‘leapfroging’ taxa has not played a prominent role as a driver of phenotypic diversity in Phyllobates. Although phylogenetic analyses suggest that the leapfrog distribution was formed through independent evolution of the peripheral (i.e. leapfrogging) populations, the elevated levels of gene flow between geographically close populations poise alternative scenarios, such as the history of phenotypic change becoming decoupled from genome‐averaged patterns of divergence, which we cannot rule out. These results highlight the importance of incorporating gene flow between populations into the study of geographic variation in phenotypes, both as a driver of phenotypic diversity and as a confounding factor of phylogeographic inferences.