bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inside Cover: In‐vivo hemodynamic imaging of acute prenatal ethanol exposure in fetal brain by photoacoustic tomography (J. Biophotonics 5/2020)
Authors: Shan Tianqi , Zhao Yuan , Jiang Shixie , Jiang Huabei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe figure shows the detailed morphology of vasculature and dynamic changes of the blood vessel diameter and density and the oxygen saturation in the blood vessels in fetal brain after acute prenatal ethanol exposure in the second‐trimester equivalent murine model obtained using a real‐time photoacoustic tomography (PAT) system.Further details can be found in the article by Tianqi Shan, Yuan Zhao, Shixie Jiang, Huabei Jiang (e201960161).
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EPH receptor B2 stimulates human monocyte adhesion and migration independently of its EphrinB ligands
Authors: Vreeken Dianne , Bruikman Caroline Suzanne , Cox Stefan Martinus Leonardus , Zhang Huayu , Lalai Reshma , Koudijs Angela , van Zonneveld Anton Jan , Hovingh Gerard Kornelis , van Gils Janine Maria 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The molecular basis of atherosclerosis is not fully understood and mice studies have shown that Ephrins and EPH receptors play a role in the atherosclerotic process. We set out to assess the role for monocytic EPHB2 and its Ephrin ligands in human atherosclerosis and show a role for EPHB2 in monocyte functions independently of its EphrinB ligands. Immunohistochemical staining of human aortic sections at different stages of atherosclerosis showed that EPHB2 and its ligand EphrinB are expressed in atherosclerotic plaques and that expression proportionally increases with plaque severity. Functionally, stimulation with EPHB2 did not affect endothelial barrier function, nor did stimulation with EphrinB1 or EphrinB2 affect monocyte-endothelial interactions. In contrast, reduced expression of EPHB2 in monocytes resulted in decreased monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and a decrease in monocyte transmigration, mediated by an altered morphology and a decreased ability to phosphorylate FAK. Our results suggest that EPHB2 expression in monocytes results in monocyte accumulation by virtue of an increase of transendothelial migration, which can subsequently contribute to atherosclerotic plaque progression.
The regulated profile of noncoding RNAs associated with inflammation by tanshinone IIA on atherosclerosis
Authors: Chen Wenna , Guo Shengnan , Li Ximing , Song Nan , Wang Dan , Yu Rui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the principal cause of heart attack, sudden cardiac death, stroke, and necrosis of the extremities, in which significant changes in gene expression associated with inflammation are found. However, the molecular mechanisms of AS are not clearly elucidated. In this study, ApoE−/− mice were fed with a high fat diet for 12 weeks to induce atherosclerosis and half of the mice were treated with tanshinone IIA (TAN). Then sequencing analysis was performed to investigate the expression patterns of ncRNAs in AS plaques obtained from mice treated with TAN and AS Model mice. A total of 22 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), 74 microRNAs (miRNAs), 13 circular RNAs (circRNAs), and 1359 mRNAs in AS plaque were more significantly regulated from TAN mice, compared with model mice. Bioinformatics tools and databases were employed to investigate the potential ncRNA functions and their interaction. Our data showed that the most significantly pathways regulated by TAN were associated with inflammation, and involved in the signaling pathways of Ras, Rap1, MAPK, cAMP, T cell receptor, and so on. In addition, the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network had been constructed and the core nodes included circ-Tns3/let-7d-5p/Ctsl, circ-Wdr91/miR-378a-5p/Msr1, and circ-Cd84/ miR-30c/ Tlr2. The DERNAs were validated by quantitative RT-PCR and dual luminescence reporter assay in RAW264.7 cells in vitro. This study identified ceRNAs network regulated by TAN and elucidated the ncRNAs profile and signal pathways to attenuate AS comprehensively. This research would contribute to further research on the pathogenesis of AS, and facilitate the development of novel therapeutics targeting ncRNAs.
Editorial for “Tissue‐Specific T2* Biomarkers in Patellar Tendinopathy by Subregional Quantification Using 3D Ultrashort Echo Time”
Authors: Huber Florian A. , Guggenberger Roman 
Published: April 2020

Level of Evidence5Technical Efficacy Stage2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:431–432.
Effects of calcium chloride plus coating in modified‐atmosphere packaging storage on whole‐radish postharvest quality
Authors: Öz Ayşe Tülin , Akyol Bengül 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCalcium treatment plays an important role in regulative physiological functions in fruits and vegetables after harvest that is protected many horticulture products postharvest quality during storage life. The effects of 2% calcium chloride (CaCl2) and 1% starch + 2% glycerin on the physiological, biochemical, and quality responses of the Kadirli radish variety were investigated.RESULTSWhole leafless radishes were stored in 10 kg modified‐atmosphere packages at 90% relative humidity conditions at 4 °C for 56 days. Significant differences were observed in radish treated with 2% CaCl2 and coating with 1% starch + 2% glycerin compared with the control. There were significant effects of the application of CaCl2 either alone or in combination with a coating on radish with regard to the firmness and the important physiological disorder of hollowing ratio percentage and cell membrane (malondialdehyde) aging level of the fresh whole radish.CONCLUSIONThe application of CaCl2 alone and in combination with coating protected the physical, chemical, and microbiological quality characteristics of radish and prolonged the shelf‐life quality of fresh radish. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Origin traceability of peanut kernels based on multi‐element fingerprinting combined with multivariate data analysis
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Wang Feng , Yang Qingli 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMulti‐elements have been widely used to identify the geographical origins of various agricultural products. The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of identifying the geographical origins of peanut kernels at different regional scales by using the multi‐element fingerprinting technique. The concentrations of 20 elements [boron (B), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), etc.] were determined in 135 peanut samples from Jilin Province, Jiangsu Province, and Shandong Province of China. Data obtained were processed by one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal components analysis (PCA), k nearest neighbors (k‐NN), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and support vector machine (SVM).RESULTSPeanut kernels from different regions had their own element fingerprints. The k‐NN, LDA, and SVM were all suitable to predict peanut kernels according to their grown provinces with the total correct classification rates of 91.2%, 91.1%, and 91.1%, respectively. While SVM was the best to identify different grown cities of peanut kernels with the prediction accuracy of 91.3%, compared to 72.2% and 78.3% for k‐NN and LDA, respectively.CONCLUSIONIt was an effective method to identify producing areas of peanut kernels at different regional scales using multi‐element fingerprinting combined with SVM to enhance regional capabilities for quality assurance and control. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Field‐amplified sample injection combined with CE for the enantiodetermination of cathinones in urine samples
Authors: Pérez‐Alcaraz Albert , Borrull Francesc , Calull Marta , Aguilar Carme 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis work presents a capillary electrophoresis methodology for the enantiodetermination of cathinones in urine employing a liquid–liquid extraction sample pretreatment. The cathinones were enantioseparated by adding a mixture of 8 mM 2‐hydroxypropyl β‐cyclodextrin and 5 mM β‐cyclodextrin to the background electrolyte, which consists of 70 mM of monosodium phosphate aqueous solution at pH 2.5. Field‐amplified sample injection was used as preconcentration strategy to improve the sensitivity. We studied various parameters that affect this stacking strategy, in particular, the sample solvent and its pH, the presence or absence of a low conductivity solvent plug introduced before the sample injection, the nature and volume of this plug, and the voltage and time of the electrokinetic injection of the sample. The optimum conditions were achieved by injecting a plug of isopropanol:H2O 50/50 at 50 mbar for 5 s prior to the electrokinetic injection of the sample prepared in an aqueous solution of HCl 10−6 M. The sensitivity enhancement factors were from 562 to 601 in terms of peak area and from 444 to 472 in terms of peak height. The method was validated by analyzing spiked urine samples, obtaining a linear range of 25 to 1000 ng/mL and limits of detection ranging from 15 to 45 ng/mL.
Assessment of the Cocrystallization of Ethylene/1‐Octene Copolymer Blends by CRYSTAF and TREF
Authors: Santonja‐Blasco Laura , Monrabal Benjamin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe crystallization of blends of ethylene/1–octene copolymers with different comonomer content (0.3, 1.3, and 2.5 mol%) is investigated as a function of the comonomer content of the copolymers and the concentration of the copolymers in the blend (20, 50, and 80 wt%) by using techniques based on separation by crystallizability. Crystallization fractionation and temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF) techniques provide the chemical composition distributions of the copolymers in the blend; however, fast cooling rates modify the theoretical distribution because of the cocrystallization of chains with close composition. The copolymer blends analyzed with a difference in comonomer content up to 1.2 mol%, cocrystallize upon rapid cooling rates. The extent of cocrystallization increases when reducing the concentration of the copolymer with less co‐unit content in the blend. Comparing the techniques at identical cooling rates, cocrystallization is reduced by using TREF albeit coelution may appear.
A Feeding-Ecology-Based Approach to Evaluating Nursery Potential of Estuaries for Black Rockfish
Authors: Schwartzkopf Brittany D. , Heppell Scott A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Previous work suggests that Oregon estuaries function as nursery habitat and may play an important role in settlement of Black Rockfish Sebastes melanops. No research, however, has been conducted on juvenile Black Rockfish feeding ecology in estuarine habitats, which is necessary to evaluate habitat use and quality. We examined stomach contents and carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios for juvenile Black Rockfish collected from May to September in 2016 and 2017 at both anthropogenic (dock) and natural (eelgrass Zostera marina) habitats in Yaquina Bay, a marine-dominated estuary on the central Oregon coast. We found consumption of 94 different prey items, the majority of which are estuary derived, and benthic prey were most frequently consumed. In general, it appears that fish are feeding in the habitat in which they are caught, with marine-fouling prey being consumed in greater abundances at the dock habitat, whereas algae- or eelgrass-associated species were consumed in greater abundances at the eelgrass habitat. The increase in both δ15N and δ13C values in muscle tissue seasonally and the positive correlation with upwelling in 2016 suggests that upwelled, oceanic waters were the primary source of nutrients to Yaquina Bay in 2016. The high variability in δ15N and general increase in δ13C seasonally in 2017 suggests that oceanic waters were still present but may not have been the dominant nutrient source. Yaquina Bay appears to be an important foraging ground for juvenile Black Rockfish during summer months, providing a diversity of prey items, with special importance of benthic and eelgrass-associated prey. Our results support the hypothesis that estuaries can function as a nursery habitat for Black Rockfish, although additional data is needed to provide an absolute designation. Changes in benthic communities or available habitat may have negative effects on foraging ability, and thus nursery function, and should be considered during management decisions.
Spinal muscular atrophy caused by a novel Alu‐mediated deletion of exons 2a‐5 in SMN1 undetectable with routine genetic testing
Authors: Jedličková Ivana , Přistoupilová Anna , Nosková Lenka , Majer Filip , Stránecký Viktor , Hartmannová Hana , Hodaňová Kateřina , Trešlová Helena , Hýblová Michaela , Solár Peter , Minárik Gabriel , Giertlová Mária , Kmoch Stanislav 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited neuromuscular disease affecting 1 in 8,000 newborns. The majority of patients carry bi‐allelic variants in the survival of motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1). SMN1 is located in a duplicated region on chromosome 5q13 that contains Alu elements and is predisposed to genomic rearrangements. Due to the genomic complexity of the SMN region and genetic heterogeneity, approximately 50% of SMA patients remain without genetic diagnosis that is a prerequisite for genetic treatments. In this work we describe the diagnostic odyssey of one SMA patient in whom routine diagnostics identified only a maternal heterozygous SMN1Δ(7–8) deletion.MethodsWe characterized SMN transcripts, assessed SMN protein content in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), estimated SMN genes dosage, and mapped genomic rearrangement in the SMN region.ResultsWe identified an Alu‐mediated deletion encompassing exons 2a‐5 of SMN1 on the paternal allele and a complete deletion of SMN1 on the maternal allele as the cause of SMA in this patient.ConclusionAlu‐mediated rearrangements in SMN1 can escape routine diagnostic testing. Parallel analysis of SMN gene dosage, SMN transcripts, and total SMN protein levels in PBMC can identify genomic rearrangements and should be considered in genetically undefined SMA cases.
Motion tracking of low‐activity fiducial markers using adaptive region of interest with list‐mode positron emission tomography
Authors: Chamberland Marc J. P. , deKemp Robert A. , Xu Tong 
Published: April 2020

PurposeMotion compensated positron emission tomography (PET) imaging requires detecting and monitoring of patient body motion. We developed a semiautomatic list‐mode method to track the three‐dimensional (3D) motion of fiducial positron‐emitting markers during PET imaging.MethodsA previously developed motion tracking method using positron‐emitting markers (PeTrack) was enhanced to work with PET imaging. A novel combination of filtering methods was developed to reject physiological tracer background, which would drown out the events from the marker if unfiltered. The most critical filter rejects events whose line‐of‐response (LOR) is outside an adaptive region of interest (ADROI). The size of ROI was optimized by exploiting the distinct differences between the distributions of events from background and marker. The ADROI PeTrack method was evaluated with Monte Carlo and phantom studies. A 92.5‐kBq

Na marker moving sinusoidally in 3D was simulated with Monte Carlo methods. The simulated events were combined with list‐mode data from cardiac PET imaging patients to evaluate the performance of the tracking. In phantom studies, three

Na markers were placed on a dynamic torso phantom with an initial activity of 680 MBq of

Rb in its cardiac insert. The motion of the markers was tracked while the phantom simulated various types of patient motion. Motion correction on an event‐by‐event basis of the list‐mode data was then applied and images were reconstructed.ResultsSimulation results show that the background rejection methods can significantly suppress the tracer background and increase the fraction of marker events by a factor of up to 2500. A 92.5‐kBq marker can be tracked in 3D at a frequency of 2.0 Hz with an accuracy of 0.8 mm and a precision of 0.3 mm. The phantom study experimentally confirms that the algorithm can track various types of motion. The relative accuracy of the experimental tracking is 0.26 ± 0.14 mm. Motion‐corrected images from the phantom study show reduced blurring.ConclusionsAn algorithm and background rejection methods were developed that can track the 3D motion of low‐activity positron‐emitting markers during PET imaging. The motion information may be used for motion‐compensated PET imaging.
Effects of White Sucker Removal and Stocking on Growth of Fishes in Northern Lakes
Authors: Zorn Troy G. , Mylchreest Mark S. , Abrahamson Arnold W. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Continued management interest in using White Sucker Catostomus commersonii population manipulations to improve the growth of Northern Pike Esox lucius and potentially competing panfish species provided an opportunity to evaluate White Sucker removal and supplementation in Michigan lakes. Overabundant White Suckers from one lake were transferred into two lakes where higher populations were desired, with fish growth responses being evaluated in each lake and in a control lake pretransfer and at 5 years posttransfer. Criteria for project success were (1) continued low abundance of White Suckers in the removal lake and increased abundance in the recipient lakes; (2) positive growth response of panfish species to White Sucker removals; and (3) positive growth response of Northern Pike to White Sucker additions. After 5 years, White Sucker population abundance and recruitment patterns showed continued survival of stocked adults but little recruitment in stocked lakes and the fish species examined showed no clear positive growth responses to White Sucker manipulations. Fishery managers should carefully consider the costs and benefits of using White Sucker manipulations as a management tool.
Preparation and properties of g‐C3N4 on natural rubber latex films
Authors: Chen Jing , Liao Lusheng , Zhang Fuquan , Gao Tianming , Lin Jiazhao , Wu Jianglun , Zhang Yinhao , He Guoling 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNatural rubber (NR) latex was used as template, melamine as precursors, g‐C3N4 (CN) were synthesized by thermal polymerization. The results of structure and morphology show that CNs have obvious two‐dimensional laminar structure and improved specific surface area, the specific surface area attend to 40.26 m2/g and 2.4 times to no NR latex added CN (0%‐CN) when 4 wt% NR latex added (4%‐CN). The CN (4%‐CN) particles were then compounded with NR latex to prepare NR/CN composites. The results of mechanical properties show that the tensile modulus, tear strength and the cross‐link density of NR/CN films increase with increment of CN loading, the mechanical properties improved obviously even just 1phr CN added. The SEM of tensile fracture surface show that CNs and NR combined firmly and the section is very rough. DMA results show that the addition of CNs increase glass transition temperature (T
g) and decrease the peak values of tan δ. The mechanical properties of the NR/CN films were fitted by Guth‐Smallwood and Halpin‐Tsai models to understand the CN's reinforcing behavior. The dramatically improved mechanical properties and thermal stability are caused by good interfacial interactions between CN and rubber molecular chains.
Discrimination of common Iris species from Egypt based on their genetic and metabolic profiling
Authors: Okba Mona M. , Abdel Baki Passent M. , Khaleel Amal E. , El‐Sherei Moshera M. , Salem Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionIrises have been medicinally used in Ancient Egyptians, Anatolian, Chinese, British and Irish folk medicine. They are also well‐known ornamental plants that have economic value in the perfume industry. The main obvious diagnostic difference between the different species is based on the morphology of the flowers. The flowering cycle is very short as well as the persistence of the fully opened flowers extends for a few days only. Moreover, the climatic conditions significantly causes fluctuation in their blooming time from year to year. This makes the morphological discrimination very difficult. The discrimination of different iris species is of a great importance, as each species is reported to possess different folk medicinal activities.ObjectivesFinding genetic and metabolic markers for differentiation between Iris confusa Sealy (Subgen. Limniris Sect. Lophiris), I. pseudacorus L. (Subgen. Limniris Sect. Limniris) and I. germanica L. (Subgen. Iris Sect. Iris) on levels other than traditional taxonomic features.Material and MethodsInter‐simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses were performed.ResultsThe highest similarity was found between I. pseudacorus L. and I. germanica L. and the least similarity was between I. confusa Sealy and I. pseudacorus L. The metabolic profiling of the leaves confirmed genetic profiling discriminating I. confusa from the other two species. The primary metabolites of the underground parts showed clear discrimination between the three species.ConclusionsThis study represents the sole complete map for distinguishing the three Iris species on genetic and metabolic bases.
Plasma‐activated water from a dielectric barrier discharge plasma source for the selective treatment of cancer cells
Authors: Subramanian P. S. Ganesh , Jain Aditi , Shivapuji Anand M. , Sundaresan Nagalingam R. , Dasappa Srinivasaiah , Rao Lakshminarayana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, cold plasma was used to prepare plasma‐activated water (PAW) from a dielectric barrier discharge plasma source, with ambient air as the plasma‐forming gas. The PAW prepared was characterized for its physicochemical parameters, some of which followed a strong linear correlation with activation time (ta). The effects of PAW addition on the cell viability of human breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231) and healthy murine muscle‐derived fibroblast cells were investigated using the MTT assay. The volume of PAW added and ta of PAW showed a significant impact. The PAW prepared was selective toward killing cancer cells at specific ta. PAW retains its potency against cancer cells after 14 days of refrigerated storage.
Crystal structure of a novel fold protein Gp72 from the freshwater cyanophage Mic1
Authors: Wang Ying , Jin Hua , Yang Feng , Jiang Yong‐Liang , Zhao Yan‐Yan , Chen Zhi‐Peng , Li Wei‐Fang , Chen Yuxing , Zhou Cong‐Zhao , Li Qiong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCyanophages, widespread in aquatic systems, are a class of viruses that specifically infect cyanobacteria. Though they play important roles in modulating the homeostasis of cyanobacterial populations, little is known about the freshwater cyanophages, especially those hypothetical proteins of unknown function. Mic1 is a freshwater siphocyanophage isolated from the Lake Chaohu. It encodes three hypothetical proteins Gp65, Gp66, and Gp72, which share an identity of 61.6% to 83%. However, we find these three homologous proteins differ from each other in oligomeric state. Moreover, we solve the crystal structure of Gp72 at 2.3 Å, which represents a novel fold in the α + β class. Structural analyses combined with redox assays enable us to propose a model of disulfide bond mediated oligomerization for Gp72. Altogether, these findings provide structural and biochemical basis for further investigations on the freshwater cyanophage Mic1.