bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthetic biology open language (SBOL) version 3.0.0
Authors: Baig Hasan , Fontanarrosa Pedro , Kulkarni Vishwesh , McLaughlin James Alastair , Vaidyanathan Prashant , Bartley Bryan , Beal Jacob , Crowther Matthew , Gorochowski Thomas E. , Grünberg Raik , Misirli Goksel , Scott-Brown James , Oberortner Ernst , Wipat Anil , Myers Chris J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Synthetic biology builds upon genetics, molecular biology, and metabolic engineering by applying engineering principles to the design of biological systems. When designing a synthetic system, synthetic biologists need to exchange information about multiple types of molecules, the intended behavior of the system, and actual experimental measurements. The Synthetic Biology Open Language (SBOL) has been developed as a standard to support the specification and exchange of biological design information in synthetic biology, following an open community process involving both wet bench scientists and dry scientific modelers and software developers, across academia, industry, and other institutions. This document describes SBOL 3.0.0, which condenses and simplifies previous versions of SBOL based on experiences in deployment across a variety of scientific and industrial settings. In particular, SBOL 3.0.0, (1) separates sequence features from part/sub-part relationships, (2) renames Component Definition/Component to Component/Sub-Component, (3) merges Component and Module classes, (4) ensures consistency between data model and ontology terms, (5) extends the means to define and reference Sub-Components, (6) refines requirements on object URIs, (7) enables graph-based serialization, (8) moves Systems Biology Ontology (SBO) for Component types, (9) makes all sequence associations explicit, (10) makes interfaces explicit, (11) generalizes Sequence Constraints into a general structural Constraint class, and (12) expands the set of allowed constraints.
Accumulation of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb) in mullets Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) and Ellochelon vaigiensis(Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) from Damb Harbor, Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmed Quratulan , Benzer Semra , Ali Qadeer M. , Baloch A. Buksh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, muscle samples collected from Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) and Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) caught on the Balochistan coast (Damb Harbor) between January and December 2015 (during the northeast monsoon, post-monsoon and pre-monsoon seasons, and the southwest monsoon) were analyzed to determine concentrations of heavy metals: iron, zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium and lead by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, expressed per unit of dry weight of each sample. The average measured level of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb for P. subviridis was 26.70 ± 11.49 μg g−1, 13.82 ± 4.56 μg g−1, 1.66 ± 0.84 μg g−1, 0.24 ± 0.10 μg g−1, 0.06 ± 0.07 μg g−1 and 0.17 ± 0.14 μg g−1, respectively. The average level of the same metals for E. vaigiensis was 29.26 ± 10.18 μg g−1, 18.85 ± 6.28 μg g−1, 2.18 ± 1.01 μg g−1, 0.32 ± 0.14 μg g−1, 0.25 ± 0.11 μg g−1 and 0.30 ± 0.12 μg g−1, respectively. The highest Pb accumulation (0.56 μg g−1 and 0.61 μg g−1) detected in P. subviridis and E. vaigiensis is above the limit value (0.50 μg g−1) reported by FAO, hence the accumulation of Pb in these two fish species should be monitored in the future.
High purity substances – prototypes of elements of Periodic Table
Authors: Karpov Yuri A. , Churbanov Mikhail F. , Baranovskaya Vasilisa B. , Lazukina Olga P. , Petrova Ksenia V. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Mendeleev Periodic Table of Chemical Elements delivered a strong impetus to the development of fundamental and applied chemistry, chemical technology, analytical chemistry, and material sciences. Each element under the Periodic Table is an idealized substance with a certain structure and properties as defined by existing theoretical frameworks. In the real world, we deal with substances that are close in composition to the element of Periodic Table under study but differ in the presence of different elements in them – impurities that distort (sometimes radically) the structure and properties of the target research object. For many centuries, humanity has sought to obtain pure substances in order to achieve desired properties. In the second half of the 20th century, a unique collection of high purity substances was created, which includes samples representing material artifacts, prototypes of elements of Periodic Table that contain record low contents of impurity elements. With ongoing scientific and technological progress, the achieved purity of substances continuously increases and, therefore, their approximation to idealized elements of Periodic Table. This is facilitated by: new technological processes for the production and storage of high purity substances with a constant decrease in the level of impurities; the creation of isotope-friendly substances; complexes of more highly sensitive multi-element analysis methods; identification of the unique properties of high purity substances, bringing them closer to the capabilities of analog elements of Periodic Table and much more. This article is devoted to progress in these areas. Special attention is also paid to the problems in modern analytical chemistry of high purity substances and the use of the latter in the metrology of chemical analysis as the standards of comparison.
FOLR1 was up-regulated in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and correlated with the patients’ progression free survival
Authors: Xie Ling , Li Qingwen , Zhang Meirong , Sun Xia , Xi Zhongyu , Sun Aiyun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective The aim of the present work was to evaluate the folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) expression in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance.

Methods
FOLR1 mRNA expression level was detected in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database for multiple carcinomas. The FOLR1 mRNA relative expression between tumor tissue and normal cervix tissue of the cervical squamous cell cancer patients was compared by the online data analysis tool of GEPIA. The overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) between the FOLR1 high and low expression groups were compared by the log-rank test. Thirty one cervical squamous cancer patients and 20 healthy controls were included in and tested for serum FOLR1 protein level detection. Eighty one cervical squamous cell cancer patients who received surgery were included for FOLR1 protein expression detected by immunohistochemistry assay (IHC). The correlation between FOLR1 protein expression and patients’ clinical features was analyzed.

Results
FOLR1 mRNA was up-regulated in tumor tissue compared to corresponding normal cervical tissue of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Top 20 genes interacted with FOLR1 was identified through the network with the edges of 146. UBXN10 (r=0.668, P<0.01) and GBP6 (r-=0.606, P<0.01) were the top 2 genes that most correlated with FOLR1. The serum level of FR-α (FOLR1 coding protein) were 275.50±83.79 and 161.70±66.62 (ng/L) for the cervical cancer and healthy control subjects respectively with significant statistical difference (P<0.05). Using the serum FR-α as serological marker for cervical cancer detection, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 80.0% (58.40% to 91.93%), 80.65% (63.72% to 90.81%) and 0.85(95%CI:0.74-0.96), respectively. Immunohistochemical assay indicated that of the 81 cancer tissue samples, 45 (55.6%) was FOLR1 protein positive. FOLR1 protein positive expression rate in FIGO stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ was significant higher than in the stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ with statistical difference (P<0.05). The progression free survival (PFS) was significant different between FOLR1 high and low expression group (HR=2.48, 95%CI:1.1-5.58, P=0.023). However, the overall survival (OS) was not statistical different between the two groups (HR=1.34, 95%CI:0.84-2.15, P=0.22).

Conclusion: FOLR1 was up-regulated in both serum and cancer tissue of cervical squamous cell carcinoma which may act as diagnostic and prognostic maker for cervical squamous cell cancer.
The Nitrianska Blatnica II hoard: The hoard horizon of Lusatian culture in the Ha C1a period in Slovakia
Authors: Ondrkál Filip 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper synthesises and analyses archaeological data on the Nitrianska Blatnica II hoard of metal artefacts (Ha C1a; 800–725 BC) from the hilltop settlement of Marhát. Currently, this is the largest metal deposit from the Final Bronze Age in Slovakia, providing a fundamental chronological synchronization of the Ha C1a sub-phase with Northern Italy and Central and Southeastern Europe. A spectral analysis of the serial circular jewellery shows a uniform origin from a unique metallurgical workshop and contributes to the scientific discussion with important data on economic operations in the Carpathian Basin. The closest analogies to the bronze vessels and gold cylindrical earrings come from the most important contemporary sites of the Hallstatt and Mezöcsát cultures and stimulate the notion of a large intercultural trade in prestigious goods and the practices of the aristocratic population of the Final Bronze Age in Central Europe.
Colorimetric hand-held sensors and biosensors with a small digital camera as signal recorder, a review
Authors: Pohanka Miroslav 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Sensors, biosensors, lateral flow immunoassays, portable thin-layer chromatography and similar devices for hand-held assay are tools suitable for field or out of laboratories assays of various analytes. The assays frequently exert a limit of detection and sensitivity close to more expensive and elaborative analytical methods. In recent years, huge progress has been made in the field of optical instruments where digital cameras or light sensitive chips serve for the measurement of color density. General availability of cameras, a decrease of prices and their integration into wide spectrum phones, tablets and computers give the promise of easy application of analytical methods where such cameras will be employed. This review summarizes research on hand-held assays where small cameras like the ones integrated into smartphones are used. Discussion about such assays, their practical applicability and relevant specifications are also written here.
Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity
Authors: Zhang Yibing , Zhao Yong , Ran Yongwang , Guo Jianyou , Cui Haifeng , Liu Sha 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Sevoflurane, a volatile anesthetic, is known to induce widespread neuronal degeneration and apoptosis. Recently, the stress-inducible protein sestrin 2 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) have been found to regulate the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppress oxidative stress. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a saponin isolated from Panax notoginseng, has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects. The effects of NGR1 against neurotoxicity induced by sevoflurane were assessed.

Methods
Sprague-Dawley rat pups on postnatal day 7 (PD7) were exposed to sevoflurane (3%) anesthesia for 6 h. NGR1 at doses of 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg body weight was orally administered to pups from PD2 to PD7.

Results
Pretreatment with NGR1 attenuated sevoflurane-induced generation of ROS and reduced apoptotic cell counts. Western blotting revealed decreased cleaved caspase 3 and Bad and Bax pro-apoptotic protein expression. NGR1 substantially upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression along with increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 levels, suggesting Nrf2 signaling activation. Enhanced sestrin-2 and phosphorylated AMPK expression were noticed following NGR1 pretreatment.

Conclusion
This study revealed the neuroprotective effects of NGR1 through effective suppression of apoptosis and ROS via regulation of apoptotic proteins and activation of Nrf2/HO-1 and sestrin 2/AMPK signaling cascades.
Implementation of Article 251 of the Labour Code in Higher Education
Authors: Rutkowska Beata 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Law on Higher Education and Science states that article 251 of the Labour Code which concerns the limitation of employment based on employment agreements for a definite time, on one hand, does not apply to first-time employed university teachers, to teachers for whom universities are not the main place of work nor teachers who are pensioners. On the other hand, the regulations of this article are still in effect with regard to the rest of university teachers and all other employees thereof. This solution cannot be positively evaluated due to its legislative inappropriateness in such aspects as excluding regulations concerning the limitation of employment based on employment agreements for a definite time and the results of exceeding those limits with simultaneous inclusion of regulations establishing exceptions to limits and employer’s obligations to implement them; and due to the legislation’s content such as inapplicability of article 251 of the Labour Code to the teachers for whom universities are not the main place of work and teachers who are pensioners, without adopting any type of mechanism excluding the excessive employment of these employee groups based on renewal of employment agreements for a definite time, as required by directive 99/70/EC. It is advisable to introduce changes in this field. It seems particularly worth noting that the proposal of enumerative determination in the Law on Higher Education and Science of cases in which university teachers could be employed under employment agreements for a definite time.
Religious Impact on Media Co-regulation: a Case Study of Russia
Authors: Khroul Victor 
Published: July 2020

The proposed paper is focused on media co-regulation and civic accountability from the perspective of religious ethos. The author analyses the process of religion mediatization in the Russian public sphere and presents the findings of a case study of the project entitled “Public Council on Morality for TV”. Classifying different situations when religions face the media and vice versa, the paper presents some empirically fixed facts and trends of dysfunction and corruption in the religious life coverage in Russia. Drawing attention to several particular features of the Russian context (public opinion, autonomy of journalists, agenda-setting and management problem, etc.), the author puts forward a set of significant obstacles for the moral control of the media: the axiological problem (the lack of value consensus in the Russian society), the evaluative problem (absence of a moral monitoring in the mass media and the public sphere), and the communicative problem (the absence of a well-articulated dialogue of value systems).
Freedom of Expression and the Media: A Case-study from The Netherlands
Authors: Snel Drs. Johan 
Published: July 2020

There is “no such thing as free (non-ideologically constrained) speech; no such thing as a public forum purged of ideological pressures or exclusions”. Stanley Fish’s famous thesis (1994) is illustrated by this case study on the public debate on freedom of expression in the Netherlands during the first decade of the 21st century. Far from serving tolerance or minority rights, as originally intended, it produced a whole line of argumentation that have excluded many from the public debate and filled it with a more exclusive content, especially regarding religion in general and Muslims in particular. A renewed identification with the toleration discourse would help the media in regaining their public role and will be helpful for journalists covering the debate.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals mRNA Splice Isoform Switching during Kidney Development
Authors: Wineberg Yishay , Bar-Lev Tali Hana , Futorian Anna , Ben-Haim Nissim , Armon Leah , Ickowicz Debby , Oriel Sarit , Bucris Efrat , Yehuda Yishai , Pode-Shakked Naomi , Gilad Shlomit , Benjamin Sima , Hohenstein Peter , Dekel Benjamin , Urbach Achia , Kalisky Tomer 
Published: July 2020

Significance Statement
Kidney development is a complex process involving multiple interacting and transitioning cell types. Drop-seq single-cell technology, which measures gene expression from many thousands of individual cells, has been used to characterize these cellular differentiation changes that underlie organ development. However, the alternative splicing of many genes creates an additional layer of cellular heterogeneity that Drop-seq technology cannot measure. Therefore, in this study, full transcript length single-cell RNA sequencing was used to characterize alternative splicing in the mouse embryonic kidney, with particular attention to the identification of genes that are alternatively spliced during the transition from mesenchymal to epithelial cell states, as well as their splicing regulators. These results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie kidney development.

Background
During mammalian kidney development, nephron progenitors undergo a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and eventually differentiate into the various tubular segments of the nephron. Recently, Drop-seq single-cell RNA sequencing technology for measuring gene expression from thousands of individual cells identified the different cell types in the developing kidney. However, that analysis did not include the additional layer of heterogeneity that alternative mRNA splicing creates.

Methods
Full transcript length single-cell RNA sequencing characterized the transcriptomes of 544 individual cells from mouse embryonic kidneys.

Results
Gene expression levels measured with full transcript length single-cell RNA sequencing identified each cell type. Further analysis comprehensively characterized splice isoform switching during the transition between mesenchymal and epithelial cellular states, which is a key transitional process in kidney development. The study also identified several putative splicing regulators, including the genes Esrp1/2 and Rbfox1/2.

Conclusions
Discovery of the sets of genes that are alternatively spliced as the fetal kidney mesenchyme differentiates into tubular epithelium will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive kidney development.
Analysis and Realization of CAN Bus Technology in Industrial Conveyors
Authors: Nouby M. 
Published: July 2020

Automation industry has undergone a drastic development in recent years. In this busy world human intervention in very high critical industrial processes are compensated by the enormous growth of the automation industries. Due to the advancement there is no need for a person to continuously monitor the system instead by implementing automation through latest technologies, a very high efficient operation of the system is possible. Conveyor system plays an important role in automation for material handlin g and packaging. For the movement of the material, that is transportation, in any processing, the lack of safety factor leads to many limitation in the automation, due to the unachievable efficiency, that is operational efficiency. For that variable speed drive are used for the purpose of modeling the conveyor belt speed, which is controlled through programmable logic controller. The main objective is to develop an embedded system that will automate the boiler control system by monitoring and controlling the temperature and pressure using the CAN bus communication technology. A PIC microcontroller is used in the project to control the entire operation of the embedded system.
Konsep Sufistik “Martabat Tujuh” Sebagai Model Islamisasi Masyarakat Buton
Authors: Malik Rif'atul Khoiriah 
Published: July 2020

<p class="06IsiAbstrak">The article aims to examine the traces of the spread of Islam in Buton in terms of an analysis of the process of islamization in the archipelago. One of the processes of Islamization in Buton is related to the concept of "Martabat Tujuh." The concept of “Martabat Tujuh” which is considered to be the teachings of Sufism is a forerunner to the system of the Sultanate of Buton in the past. 138-1584) Sultan Murhum is called the title of the Sultanate of Qa'im ad-din, historical approach method is part of the achievement of the results of this research.The data that has been collected is then analyzed using descriptive analysis especially in order to describe the contextualization of the concept of "Martabat Tujuh" with The purpose of this research is to review the history of Islam that developed in Buton as one of the processes of Islamization in the archipelago.The results of this study indicate that a critical review of Islamic civilization in the past needs to be an example so that Islam in the modern era still exists especially as an alternative settlement problem of society.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"> </p>
Clinical Efficacy of First and Second Series of Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Patients With Neuroendocrine Neoplasm: A Cohort Study
Authors: Zacho Michala Danielle , Iversen P. , Villadsen G. E. , Baun S. MD , Arveschoug A.K. , Grønbæk H. , Dam G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an established treatment for metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) with positive effects on progression free (PFS) and overall survival (OS), but only limited data exists for the effect of multiple series of PRRT. The aim of this study was to investigate PFS and OS in NEN patients treated with multiple series of PRRT conforming to the ENETS treatment protocol.
Methods

We included all patients with gastrointestinal (GI), pancreatic and bronchopulmonary (BP) NEN treated with PRRT from 2008 to 2018. We used Kaplan-Meier estimation to evaluate PFS and OS with subgroup analysis of primary tumor, Ki67-index, type of radioisotope and number of PRRT series.
Results

Of 150 patients, 133 patients were included with female/male 61/72, median age 70 (interquartile range 64–76) years. GI-NEN comprised 62%, pancreatic 23% and BP 11%. Median Ki67-index was 5%. After first PRRT G1- and G2-tumors had PFS of 25 and 22 months, compared to 11 months in G3-NENs (p < 0.05) and PFS was longer in G1/G2 GI-NENs than BP-NEN (30 vs. 12 months, p < 0.05). After retreatment with a second series of PRRT, the overall PFS (G1-G3) was 19 months, with G1- and G2-tumors having the highest PFS of 19 and 22 months, respectively. Overall, the GI and BP tumors had an OS of 54 and 51 months.
Conclusions

PRRT is an effective therapy with long-term PFS and OS, especially in G1 and G2 NENs, and with better prognosis in GI-NEN compared with BP-NENs. OS and PFS was shorter after the second series of PRRT compared with the first, however results were still encouraging.
Early decarbonisation of the European energy system pays off
Authors: Victoria Marta , Zhu Kun , Brown Tom , Andresen Gorm , Greiner Martin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
For a given carbon budget over several decades, different transformation rates for the energy system yield starkly different results. We consider a budget of 33 GtCO2 for the cumulative carbon dioxide emissions from the European electricity, heating, and transport sectors between 2020 and 2050, which represents Europe's contribution to the Paris Agreement. We have found that following an early and steady path in which emissions are strongly reduced in the first decade is more cost-effective than following a late and rapid path in which low initial reduction targets quickly deplete the carbon budget and require a sharp reduction later. Costs of solar photovoltaic, onshore and offshore wind have plummeted during the last decade. We found that those technologies can become the cornerstone of a fully decarbonised energy system and that installation rates similar to historical maxima are required to achieve timely decarbonization. Key to those results is a proper representation of existing balancing strategies through an open, hourly-resolved, networked model of the sector-coupled European energy system.