bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methamphetamine enhances HIV-induced aberrant proliferation of neural progenitor cells via the FOXO3-mediated mechanism
Authors: Park Minseon , Baker William , Cambow Dilraj , Gogerty Danielle , Leda Ana Rachel , Herlihy Bridget , Pavlenko Darya , Toborek Michal 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMaintaining an intact pool of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is crucial for generating new and functionally active neurons. As intrinsic and microenvironments tightly control developmental processes of adult neurogenesis, Methamphetamine (METH) and HIV-1-mediated impairment of the blood-brain barrier and development of neuroinflammation may induce alterations in functions of NPCs; however, the combined effects of METH and HIV-1 on the NPCs are still poorly understood.MethodsTo elucidate the possible mechanisms for the enhanced proliferation of NPCs by METH exposure and HIV infection, Male C57BL/6 mice were injected with METH with an escalating dose regimen for 6 days, followed by infusion with a chimeric HIV-NDK (EcoHIV) into the left internal carotid artery to infect brains. NPCs were isolated from the subventricular zone (SVZ) and used for RNA sequencing and differential expression analysis two weeks after infection. ReNcell VM, an immortalized human NPC line were used for in vitro exposure to METH and HIV infectionResultsChronic exposure to METH combined with brain infection by EcoHIV enhanced the proliferation of NPCs in the SVZ in mice. This effect was long-lasting as it was preserved ex vivo in NPCs isolated from the exposed mice over several passages in the absence of additional treatments. Transcriptomic studies indicated that 27 out of the top 30 differentially expressed genes response to METH plus EcoHIV were targets of the Forkhead box O transcriptional factor (FOXO), and primarily FOXO3. Additional ex vivo studies and in vitro experiments revealed the upregulation of the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis, leading to activation of downstream pAkt and pErk, the pathways that can phosphorylate FOXO3 and force its exports from the nuclei into the cytoplasm. Indeed, nuclear expulsion of FOXO3 was demonstrated both in mice exposed to METH and infected with EcoHIV and in cell culture of human NPCs.ConclusionsThese results provide novel information that exposure to METH combined with HIV infection can induce aberrant proliferation of SVZ-derived NPCs. Upregulation of CXCL12-CXCR4-Akt-1 signaling pathway exported FOXO3 into the cytoplasm, which changed the mRNA expression of FOXO3-target genes and induced the proliferation alteration as a result.
Cross-Sectional Study of Mental Health Related Knowledge and Attitudes Among Care Assistant Workers in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Li Jie , Duan Xiao-Ling , Zhong Hua-Qing , Chen Wen , Evans‑Lacko Sara , Thornicroft Graham 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Care assistant workers (CAWs) are a part of a new pattern of mental health care providers in China and play a significant role in bridging the human resource shortage. CAWs in China mainly include community cadres, community mental health staff and community policemen. The mental health related knowledge and attitudes of CAWs could influence their mental health care delivery. This study aimed to assess the mental health related knowledge and attitudes of CAWs in Guangzhou, China. Methods: In November 2017, a study was conducted among 381 CAWs from four districts of Guangzhou, China. Participants were assessed using the Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale (PDD), the Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS), and the Mental illness: Clinicians’ Attitudes (MICA). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Bonferroni corrections and multivariable linear regression. Results: The mean scores (standard deviation) of PDD, MAKS and MICA were 36.45 (6.54), 22.72 (2.56), 51.67 (7.88), respectively. Univariate analyses showed that the older CAWs, community policemen and those who were less willing to deliver care had significant higher MICA scores when compared with other staff (P < 0.001). However, participants who disagreed additional item 1（views towards inpatients) and additional item 2 (affiliate stigma) had a significant lower MICA scores when compared with those who agreed (P < 0.001). Multivariable linear regression showed that after controlling some variables, care willingness and PDD total score were significantly positively associated with the MICA total score (all P < 0.05), while attitudes on additional items were significantly negatively associated with the MICA total score (all P < 0.01).Conclusion: These findings suggest negative attitudes towards people with mental disorders among CAWs are common, especially among older staff. Community policemen suggest that they applied stereotypes of ‘violent mentally ill’ people to all people they deal with who have mental disorders. The results also indicate human rights are being paid attention to now, but need to be improved in the future. Strategies to improve attitudes and to reduce stigma and discrimination should be conducted with particular staff groups.
An Analytics Model for TelecoVAS Customers’ Basket Clustering using Ensemble Learning Approach
Authors: Farashah Mohammadsadegh Vahidi , Etebarian Akbar , Azmi Reza , Dastjerdi Reza Ebrahimzadeh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Value Added Services at Mobile Communications Company provide customers with a variety of services. Value added services generate significant revenue annually for telecommunications companies. Providing solutions that can provide customers of a communications company with relevant and engaging services has become a major challenge in this field. Numerous methods have been proposed so far to analyze customers' carts and provide related services. Despite the many applications that these methods have, they still face difficulties in improving the accuracy of bids. This paper combines the X-Means algorithm, the ensemble learning system, and the N-List structure to analyze the customer portfolio of a mobile communications company and provide value-added services. The X-Means algorithm is used to determine the optimal number of clusters and clustering of customers in a mobile communications company. The ensemble learning algorithm is also used to assign categories to new Elder customers, and finally to the N-List structure for customer basket analysis. By simulating the proposed method and comparing it with other methods including KNN, SVM, and deep neural networks, it has improved the accuracy of about 7%.
A Sample Decreasing Threshold Greedy-Based Algorithm for Big Data Summarisation
Authors: Li Teng , Shin Hyo-Sang , Tsourdos Antonios 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
As the scales of datasets expand rapidly in the applications of big data, increasing efforts have been made to develop fast algorithms. This paper addresses big data summarisation problems using the submodular maximisation approach and proposes an efficient algorithm for maximising general non-negative submodular objective functions subject to k-extendible system constraints. Leveraging the sampling process and the decreasing threshold strategy, we develop an algorithm, named Sample Decreasing Threshold Greedy (SDTG). The proposed algorithm obtains an expected approximation guarantee of 1/1+k-є for maximising monotone submodular functions and of k/(1+k)2-є in non-monotone cases with expected computational complexity of O(n/(1+k)є ln r/є). Here, r is the largest size of feasible solutions, and є є(0.1/1+k) is an adjustable designing parameter for the trade-off between the approximation ratio and the computational complexity. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified through experiments with a movie recommendation system and compared with that of benchmark algorithms.
An Independent Inter- and Intra-Observer Agreement Assessment of Yeom Classification for Bone Cement Leakage Following Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty
Authors: Xu Chongqing , Yin Mengchen , Mo Wen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The clinical efficacy of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) has been widely recognized in recent years. However, there are also inevitable complications, first and foremost is bone cement leakage (BCL). Yeom classification is commonly used to evaluate BCL. The objective of this study is to assess its reliability and reproducibility, and to explore its clinical application value.Methods/Design: All 58 patients with BCL following vertebroplasty / kyphoplasty were involved. 6 spine surgeons were selected to be evaluators as they were unaware of the identity of the patients and the treatment they received. They classified BCL according to Yeom system, we used kappa (K) to assess the inter- and intra-observer agreement. After 12 weeks, we repeated the analysis.Results: The inter-observer reliability of Yeom classification was substantial with K value of 0.71 (1st assessment) and 0.73 (2nd assessment). The intra-observer reproducibility of Yeom classification was near perfect with K value of 0.88.Conclusion: Yeom classification system has substantial inter-observer reliability and near perfect intra-observer reproducibility in BCL following vertebroplasty / kyphoplasty, which can be widely used in clinical care as an appropriate instrument for early observation, mechanism and severity cognition, and prognosis predicting of BCL. Besides, the adding of type M (the mixed type) may improve the classification.
Evaluating burnout among health workers routinely screened for SARS-CoV-2.
Authors: Costa Silvia Figueiredo , Borges Igor Carmo , Giavina-Bianchi Pedro , Buss Lewis , Peres Carlos Henrique Mesquita , Santos Lanuse Garcia Neves dos , Santos Roseli Eliana Beseggio , Francisco Maria Cristina Peres Braido , Satakie Fatima Mitie , Secco Ligia Maria Dal , Caron Deyse Mayara Rodrigues , Faria Matheus Finardi Lima de , Penteado Angelica Sauiuri de Aurélio , Pereira Grazielly de Fatima , Espinoza Evelyn Patrícia Sanchez , Lazari Carolina dos Santos , Kalil Jorge , Bonfa Eloisa Silva Dutra de Oliveira , Perreira Antonio Jose , Corá Aline , Duarte Alberto José da Silva , Santos Vera Aparecida dos , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Segurado Aluísio Cotrim , Levin Anna S. , Brunoni Andre Russowsky , Alves Marcos , Bacchi9 Pedro Starzynski , Miguel Eurípedes Constantino , Polanczyk Guilherme , Corchs Felipe 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Healthcare workers (HW) are a vulnerable group to develop burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of this study were to evaluate the perception of HW about the antibody test, and, secondarily, the prevalence of burnout and factors associated with burnout among HW who took the test.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated burnout among HW in a 600-bed building entirely dedicated to COVID-19 inpatients care at Hospital das Clinicas (HC), located in São Paulo, Brazil. The HW answered an online questionnaire that included questions on burnout, a single-item scale based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory; demographic data, professional category, type of Protective Personal Equipment (PPE) used, distancing from social support; and emotional reactions to their serology result. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to evaluate the risk of burnout.Outcomes: Among 4,417 HW tested, 528 (12.0%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and 1,945 answered the questionnaire. Burnout was reported by 308 (15.8%); anxiety, tenseness, and depression associated with COVID-19 were reported by 344 (17.7%); 292 (15.1%); and 181(9.3%) of the participants, respectively. The risk factors for burnout were: being a physician [adjOR:1.604;(95%CI 1.604-1.080;p=0.019)]; a physiotherapist [adjOR:2.047;(95%CI:1.285–3.261;p=0.003)]; perceiving a decrease in public safety[adjOR:1.983;(95%CI:1.229–3.199;p=0.005)]; anxiety [adjOR:2.721;(95%CI:1.812–4.085;p=<0.001)], and depression associated with COVID-19[adjOR:2.071;(95%CI:1.308–3.279;p=0.002)]; and having negative feeling towards had a previously negative SARS-CoV-2 serology[adjOR:1,989;(95%CI:1.484-2.664; p<0.001)].Interpretation: Routine serological testing was one of the strategies used in our hospital to promote the well-being of HW. We observed that those who had negative feeling regarding testing negative to COVID-19 in previous serologies were at higher risk of burnout, suggesting that the risk of contracting the disease is a major stressor for HW.
Transiting out of Full-time National Service: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Motivators of Weight Change in Young Adult Men
Authors: Chong Mary Foong-Fong , Lim Hui Xian , Wong Beverly Wen Xin , Chi Zi Han , Inthujaa JK , Müller-Riemenschneider Falk , Cheon Bobby Kyungbeom , Gorny Alexander Wilhelm , Chia Kee Seng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background A higher prevalence of obesity in men compared to women, particularly amongst those 18 to 40 years of age, has been observed in Singapore. We hypothesised that poor adaptation during the transition out of full-time National Service (NS) among young men may have contributed to weight gain and we sought to understand these underlying drivers. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with young men (n=26; aged 19-25 years), 12 months after they had completed full-time NS. The interviews were guided by the health belief model to elicit perceived factors influencing weight change during the transition period, as well as barriers and motivators in weight management. Data was collected and cross-checked by two researchers, and analysed using the thematic analysis approach. Results The participants generally perceived themselves to be less fit and less healthy one year later, as compared to during full-time NS. They felt that reduced physical activity levels and unhealthy eating behaviours contributed to their perceived weight gain. However, they did not have immediate concerns about their perceived change in weight. While most were aware of the benefits of regular physical activity, benefits of healthy eating were rarely mentioned. Many did not view healthy lifestyle behaviours as a current priority, citing reasons which included: Time pressures, incongruence with current lifestyle, or poor self-motivation. Other barriers included a lack of access to healthy food choices and insufficient common leisure time to exercise with peers. Motivators for these lifestyle behaviours were mostly intrinsic, including interest in a particular sport, having personal fitness goals and personal preferences for healthy food options. Participants also described healthy eating as a means to compensate for inactivity or unhealthy food choices. Extrinsic motivators included peer influence, access to sports facilities, healthy food options and monetary incentives.ConclusionThere remains a need to educate young men transiting out of full-time NS on lifestyle, weight and health, and address their misconceptions in particular. Creating a healthy environment and providing appropriate incentives would be important to facilitate a smooth transition out of full-time NS, minimising the risk of unhealthy weight gain in young men.
Social Reward and Support Effects on Exercise Experiences and Performance: Evidence from Parkrun
Authors: Davis Arran , MacCarron Pádraig , Cohen Emma 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: There is growing academic, civic and policy interest in the public health benefits of community-based exercise events. Shifting the emphasis from competitive sport to communal activity, these events have wide appeal, including among those new to sport or exercise. In addition to health benefits of physical activity, regular participation can reduce social isolation and loneliness through opportunities for social connection. Taking a broad evolutionary and social psychological perspective, we suggest that social factors warrant more attention in current approaches to physical (in)activity and exercise behaviour. We develop and test the hypothesis that social reward and support in exercise are associated with positive exercise experiences and greater performance outputs. Methods: Using a repeated-measures survey design, we examine the influence of social behaviour (e.g., attending with others, pre-event socialising) and perceptions of social support and belonging on subjective enjoyment, energy, fatigue, effort, and objective performance (run times) among a UK sample of parkrun participants.Results: Social factors were associated with greater subjective enjoyment and energy. Higher subjective energy, in turn, was associated with faster run times, without any corresponding increase in perceived effort. No significant main effects of social factors on fatigue, performance or effort were detected. Conclusions: The role of social structural factors has long been recognised in public health approaches to physical activity. Our results motivate greater research attention on how positive and rewarding social behaviours and experiences – particularly subjective enjoyment and energy, and perceptions of community social support and belonging - influence exercise-related behaviour, psychology and physiology, and promote health through collective physical activity. Approaching community exercise as a powerful context for social collaboration, reward and belonging also supplements the traditional focus on social facilitation and team sport that has dominated social psychological approaches within the sport and exercise sciences, and offers new avenues for understanding the deep connections among psychological, social and physical function in everyday health.
Research on Multifunctional Suspension Controller Based on Bidirectional Buck-Boost Circuit
Authors: Chen Xing , Han Sen , Luo Tian Hong , Peng Dan , Zheng Shui Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The active suspensions have high energy consumption problems, while energy-regenerative suspensions have limited performance in improving vibration effects. In order to make up for the contradiction between the dynamic performance of the suspension and the energy consumption, this paper uses a linear motor with a bidirectional Buck-Boost circuit to design a multifunctional controller. On this basis, Energy-Consuming Active Control (ECAC) and Regenerative Semi-Active Control (RSAC) strategies are proposed. They make full use of the motor's characteristics in different working areas and improve the scope of application of the suspension. Besides, to ensure that the motor current can accurately track the target value, the inner loop controller uses fuzzy PID to achieve it, which improves the controller's adaptability and reduces the need for the mathematical model of the control object. The simulation results show that the proposed control circuit can achieve the required control effect. Under the active control strategy, the ride comfort of the vehicle is improved by about 27%, and other performances are also controlled within an appropriate range. In the energy-regenerative mode, not only is the energy recovered, but the vehicle ride comfort is also improved by about 10%. Compared with the traditional single-performance suspension, the proposed suspension system improves the suspension's overall performance and satisfies different driving conditions and driver needs.
Clinical and metabolic predictors of regression to normoglycemia in a population at intermediate cardiometabolic risk
Authors: Sevilla-Gonzalez Magdalena del Rocio , Merino Jordi , Moreno Hortensia , Rojas-Martinez Rosalba , Gomez-Velasco Donaji , Manning Alisa K 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a prevalent and potentially reversible intermediate stage leading to type 2 diabetes that increases risk for cardiometabolic complications. The identification of clinical and molecular factors associated with the reversal, or regression, from IFG to a normoglycemia state would enable more efficient cardiovascular risk reduction strategies. The aim of this study was to identify clinical and biological predictors of regression to normoglycemia in a non-European population that is characterized by increased type 2 diabetes conversion rates.Methods: We conducted a prospective, population-based study among 9,637 Mexican individuals using clinical features and plasma metabolites. Among them, 491 subjects were classified as IFG, defined as fasting glucose between 100 and 125 mg/dL. Regression to normoglycemia was defined by fasting glucose less than 100 mg/dL in the follow-up visit. Plasma metabolites were profiled by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to examine the associations of clinical and metabolomic factors with regression to normoglycemia. We assessed the predictive capabilities to regress to normoglycemia of models that included clinical factors alone and models that included clinical factors and prioritized metabolites. Results: During a median follow-up period of 2.5 years, 22.6% of participants (n=111) regressed to normoglycemia, and 29.5% progressed to type 2 diabetes (n=145). The multivariate adjusted relative risk of regression to normoglycemia was 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 1.32) per 10 years of age increase, 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91-0.98) per 1 SD increase in BMI, and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88 – 0.95) per 1 SD increase in fasting glucose. A model including information from age, fasting glucose, and BMI showed a good prediction of regression to normoglycemia (AUC = 0.73 (95% CI, 0.66 - 0.78). Adding information from prioritized metabolites (TG in large HDL, albumin, and citrate) marginally improved the predictive capability beyond clinical factors (AUC = 0.74 (95% CI 0.68 - 0.80), p value = 0.485)Conclusion: In individuals with IFG, information from three clinical variables easily obtained in the clinical setting showed a good prediction of regression to normoglycemia beyond metabolomic features. Our findings can serve to inform and design future cardiovascular prevention strategies.
SARS-CoV-2: Theoretical analysis of the proposed algorithms to the Enhancement and Segmentation of High-Resolution Microscopy Images. Part II
Authors: Rodríguez Roberto , Mondeja Brian A. , Valdes Odalys , Resik Sonia , Vizcaino Ananayla , Acosta Emilio F. , González Yorexis , Kourí Vivian , Díaz Angelina , Guzmán María G. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Today is a reality that the novel coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 has become a global pandemic. For this reason, the study of real microscopic images of this coronavirus is of great importance, as it allows us to carry out a more precise research on it. However, as we pointed out in a former paper [1], many times these microscopic images present some blurring problems, which are always susceptible to be improved. The aim of this work is to carry out a theoretical analysis of the proposed algorithms to enhancement and segmentation of these microscopic images, which result important for the design and development of future algorithms before new epidemics.