bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FREQUENCY AND RISK FACTORS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR GEOMETRIC ABNORMALITIES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: A STUDY BASED ON THE UPDATED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM OF LEFT VENTRICULAR GEOMETRY
Authors: Nazir Fauzia , Iqbal Tahir , Kamran Javeria , Khattak Tariq Hussain , Fatima Anum , Habib Aatika , Kaleem Saleh 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the abnormalities of left ventricular geometric abnormalities.
Study Design: Prospective cross-sectional, single centered study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, from Jun 2018 to Dec 2018.
Methodology: This study permission was sought from hospital ethics committee. Written informed consent was taken from participants of study. Particulars of all the patients who meet the inclusion were included i.e., 351 hypertensive.
Results: Left ventricular geometric abnormalities were detected in 321 subjects (91%), wherein concentric non dilated left ventricular hypertrophy is the most common left ventricular geometric abnormality (39%). Elevated systolic blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with concentric left ventricular remodeling, whereas body mass index and chronic kidney disease were inversely associated with concentric abnormalities. systolic blood pressure and diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, large WC were positively associated with eccentric dilated left ventricular hypertrophy, while body mass index, duration of hypertension, MS were inversely associated with eccentric dilated left ventricular hypertrophy. Elevated systolic blood pressure was the strongest risk factor for eccentric dilated left ventricular hypertrophy. Large WC, systolic blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were positively associated with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, whereas body mass index was negatively associated with concentric left ventricular hypertrophy.
Conclusion: Appropriate risk factor management and compliance can prevent left ventricular geometric abnormalities hence poorer outcomes in our population
MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSIVE PDA
Authors: Khattak Khushal Khan , Ullah Maad , Sheikh Abdul Malik , Kanwal Asma , Shah Sajid Ali , Nisa Noor -Un- 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine different treatment options in patients of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with pulmonary hypertension beyond neonatal period.
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Pediatric Cardiology department of Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, from Jan 2017 to Jan 2019.
Methodology: Patients having PDA with pulmonary hypertension were included in the study. Treatment options were divided into percutaneous catheter device closure, surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus and palliative treatment. Any adverse event during the procedure was documented. Stratification was done in regard to gender and age group. Post stratification chi square test was applied and p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Total number of patients included in the study were 37. Mean age (years) of patients (Mean ± SD) was 19.21 ± 8.76. Mean ± SD pulmonary artery pressure was 56.43 ± 11.55 mmHg. Percutaneous catheter device closure was successful in 24 (64.9%) patients, in 7 (18.9%) patients primary surgical PDA ligation was done, 3 (8.1%) patients were advised palliative treatment and in 3 (8.1%) patients adverse events occurred during percutaneous device closure and were thus referred for surgical ligation. Patent ductus Arteriosus Occlutech device was used in 18 (48.6%) patients, Occlutech VSD device was used in 7 (18.5%) patients and in 1 (2.7%) patient AGA duct occluder was used.
Conclusion: In patients with patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonary artery hypertension, percutaneous catheter device closure is a safe and effective procedure.
COMPARISON OF INTRAVENOUS VERSUS INTR-ARTERIAL HEPARIN FOR THE PREVENTION OF RADIAL ARTERY OCCLUSION DURING TRANSRADIAL CORONARY ARTERY CATHETHERIZATION
Authors: Khalid Waqas , Saif Mohsin , Halim Aliya , Janjua Anam Fatima , Khan Kumail Abbas , Rauf Amer , Aziz Zohair , Aziz Sohail 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the relative efficacy of intravenous heparin as compared to intra-arterial heparin used during transradial coronary angiography for the prevention of radial artery occlusion.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, AFIC/NIHD Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from Jul 2019 to Dec 2019.
Methodology: A total number of 144 patients were considered for the study using the consecutive sampling technique who were undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Patients were divided into the intra-arterial group (n=72) who received 50 IU/kg of unfractionated heparin (maximal dose 5,000 U) intra-arterially, and an intravenous group (n=72) received the similar dose through intravenous route. All patients were administered 100 mcg of nitroglycerin to minimize radial artery spasm. Coronary Angiography was performedusing a 6F introducer sheath and diagnostic catheters. Early radial artery occlusion (RAO) at 24 hours after the procedure was detected by performing the plethysmographic (reverse Barbeau’s) and doppler USG evaluation. Chronic RAO was assessed 30 days after the procedure by performing the same tests. Data was collected through a predesigned proforma and analyzed using SPSS 23. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Early RAO was found in 4 (5.6%) of the patients from the intra-arterial groupand 5 (6.9%) of the intravenous group. The difference was found to be statistically insignificant (p-value 0.731). Chronic RAO was observed in 3 (4.4%) of the intra-arterial group as compared to 4 (6%) of the intravenous group. This difference was also statistically insignificant (p-value 0.683) for chronic RAO.
Conclusion: Intra-arterial and intravenous heparin administration providedsimilar efficacy to prevent RAO.
INCIDENCE AND DIFFERENT RISK FACTORS OF CARDIAC SURGERY ASSOCIATED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
Authors: Shaheen Lubna , Amna Dr , Bukhari Syed Shaheer Haider , Javaid Rehana , Sidiqui Rashad 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To identify the incidence of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury and its association with different risk factors.
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Adult cardiac surgery department, AFIC/NIHD, from Jan to Jun 2019.
Methodology: Three hundred forty patients undergoing cardiac surgery were evaluated for Cardiac Surgery associated acute kidney injury according to acute kidney injury network criteria over a period of 6 months. The chi-square test was used find the relationship of different factor for cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury.
Results: Total of 430 patients were included. 345 (80.2%) were male and mean age of 55 ± 11.6 years and mean pre operative creatinine clearance was 80.7 ml/hr. Coronary artery bypass grafting was the most common procedure performed. Intra aortic balloon pump, Cardio-pulmonary bypass time, AXc time, ionotropes, transfusion of RCC and FFPs were found to be highly significant risk factors of acute kidney injury.
Conclusion: Cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury is very common complication; some of the modifiablefactors should be identified and controlled to reduce acute kidney injury.
La realidad escolar cotidiana y la salud mental de los profesores
Authors: Corvalán Bustos María Isabel 
Published: January 2021

La función docente está relacionada con una serie de situaciones que constituyen una enorme presión y ocupan gran parte de la carga horaria del profesor.
En este trabajo se identifican cuáles de estas situaciones tienen mayor incidencia en la generación de estrés o desgaste emocional, en opinión de profesores de Colegios Municipales de una comuna de la Región Metropolitana, lo que origina
un número, cada vez más alto, de licencias médicas por este diagnóstico.
Conocer las variables de la realidad escolar a la que los profesores se enfrentan día a día y comprender el significado que estos profesionales atribuyen a dichas situaciones, es el inicio de un proceso cultural de prevención en materia de salud mental en las instituciones educativas.
APORTES DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN A LA EDUCACIÓN Y A LA FORMACIÓN DOCENTE
Authors: Leyton Soto Mario 
Published: January 2021

Se presenta aquí una síntesis del pensamiento del profesor Benjamin Bloom así como de la Doctora Marilyn Cochran en torno al rol de la investigación educacional a través de 25 años y al estado del arte en el área, la formación del educador, además de la importancia de contar con estudios que proporcionen evidencia sólida que fundamente las respuestas a problemas y a decisiones que se tomen en el campo educacional.
Palabras clave:
A sociocultural study on emotionality and Cognition as features of teacher knowledge and Practice
Authors: Encinas Sanchez Mabel 
Published: January 2021

Although acknowledged, emotions have been consistently bracketed out of research on teacher training (Goodson, 1992; Day, 1993; Cochran-Smith and Lytle, 1999), and sociocultural approaches (Lave and Wenger, 1991; Lave and Chaiklin, 1993; Salomon, 1993). Emotions have been considered as independent of social practices, reducing them to a subjective perspective (Hargreaves, 2000, 2002a, 2002b). However, emotions have recently been studied in sociology (Williams and Bendelow, 1998), particularly through the concept of emotional labour (Hochschild, 1983). These perspectives emphasize the social construction of emotionality, but they leave the complexities of individual participation in the context aside. By contrast, through the construction of an immanent, non-Cartesian, psychology derived from Vygotsky’s (1999) work, space is created for an account of emotionality in individual teacher practices and its role in teacher knowledge. This ethnographic case study involved an intervention in a Mexican urban secondary school (junior high school). The work was developed with four experienced teachers and it was during the analysis of the video and audio recordings and notes, that emotions within social
relationships in the classroom were unveiled as an important part of teacher practice and knowledge.
DIALOGIA, ALTERIDADE E LINGUAGEM DO PÁTHOS
Authors: Ribeiro Junior Nilo 
Published: January 2021

Em vista de abordar a temática que tem como objeto a dialogia e a lógica da proximidade, urge situá-la no cerne da problemática filosófica da alteridade, servindo-nos de algumas referências advindas da literatura contemporânea. Tais referências sugerem ao interlocutor de deixar interpelar pelos personagens, de modo a poder realizar uma espécie de desencantamento com relação às formas de magia que estão a impactar a contemporaneidade associadas aos imprevistos da história como novas formas de desprezo do outro. Trata-se, em seguida, de propor alguns matizes de cunho histórico-filosófico com o escopo de aprofundar o que denominamos de figuras da alteridade advindas das metáforas do desastre e da estrela da redenção que se delineiam no contexto da filosofia contemporânea e que encaminham a reflexão da dialogia à nova impostação da linguagem avessa à violência contra o outro.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Pensamento. Linguagem. Ética. Alteridade.
O FUNDAMENTO ANTROPOLÓGICO DA EXCELÊNCIA EM ARISTÓTELES
Authors: Alexandre Brener 
Published: January 2021

RESUMO
Nosso trabalho apresenta o fundamento antropológico da ética aristotélica a partir da leitura do Livro I da Ética a Nicômaco à luz da filosofia como modo de vida. Analisamos a relação entre antropologia e ética acompanhando os argumentos sustentados por Aristóteles situando a ética dentro da filosofia prática, investigando a natureza do bem humano e o aspecto antropológico com o qual Aristóteles introduz as questões éticas a se desenvolver no restante da Ética a Nicômaco, que está entre os textos filosóficos mais importantes de toda a história do pensamento ocidental. Nela encontramos o rigor com o qual Aristóteles aborda o problema da moralidade. Decerto não é nosso objetivo exaurir a discussão a respeito do tratado mais traduzido do Estagirita. Nosso propósito é mais modesto: procuramos analisar o aspecto antropológico da excelência. Tomamos como fonte estrutural a tese do historiador da filosofia Pierre Hadot para análise da questão.
BENS BÁSICOS, MORALIDADE E DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA. FUNDAMENTOS DA TEORIA DA LEI NATURAL DE TOMÁS DE AQUINO
Authors: Ribeiro Mário da Silva , Pinheiro Victor Sales 
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo constam as noções elementares da teoria da lei natural proposta por Tomás de Aquino. Especificamente, analisa-se segundo o método explicativo-compreensivo: 1. O que são bens básicos; 2. O que são princípios práticos básicos; 3. Qual o fundamento da moralidade; 4. Como absolutos morais podem ser conhecidos; e 5. Qual o vínculo entre todos esses pontos e a dignidade humana. Para tanto, são aprofundadas as considerações originariamente dispostas no tópico 3.5 da Dissertação de Mestrado em Direito intitulada Aborto: fundamentos biológico-filosóficos da sua (anti)juridicidade (RIBEIRO, 2019), a qual utiliza como referencial interpretativo do jusnaturalismo tomista os trabalhos desenvolvidos no âmbito da Nova Escola da Lei Natural, sem que isso implique, porém, a reprodução exata das ideias de cada um dos autores que a compõe. A justificativa deste artigo remonta ao necessário avanço de estudos atentos a benefícios autoevidentes que dizem respeito à realização pessoal dos seres humanos. E mais. Devido às lacunas da literatura nacional a nível filosófico-jurídico, tal justificativa remonta também à urgência de se proporcionar aos estudiosos uma visão holística das lições do principal expoente da tradição da lei natural, uma espécie de itinerário auxiliar para a informação e formação intelectual.
PINTURA E LITERATURA EM MERLEAU-PONTY: EXPRESSÃO DIACRÍTICA E INSTITUIÇÃO HISTÓRICA
Authors: Santos Júnior Iracy Ferreira dos 
Published: January 2021

RESUMO
A partir contato com as obras do período intermediário do pensamento de Merleau-Ponty (1948-1955), este artigo pretende demonstrar como pintura e literatura, enquanto formas de expressão, revelam-se capazes de reaprender a ver o mundo, de apreender o sentido do mundo ou da história em estado nascente, sem jamais esgotá-lo. Para isso, descreve como Merleau-Ponty amplia o sentido da noção de diacriticidade, de Saussure, ao não limitá-la à análise linguística da linguagem, mas ao admitir que tanto a percepção quanto a expressão e o próprio sensível partilham uma função diacrítica. Em seguida, tomando a pintura como linguagem, analisa como, por meio da noção de estilo, pintor e escritor, cada um a seu modo, “deformam” a linguagem e a tradição instituídas para fazer surgir nelas uma nova linguagem. Por fim, elucida a matriz temporal e histórica do conceito de instituição ao apresentar o modo como a obra de arte pictórica ou literária opera uma retomada dessa tradição e institui um novo sentido na história como advento, presença, abertura inesgotável.
Characterization of Wind Profile over Wheat and Mustard Canopies under Sole and Intercropped Conditions in Lower Gangetic Plain of Eastern India
Authors: Jena Sarika , Chakraborty Pramiti K. , Bandyopadhyay Pintoo , Nath Rajib , Chakraborty Prodip Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Aim: Wind profile over a crop canopy affects several physiological processes. The nature of the wind profile above the crop canopy of a single crop has been reported in the literature. However, under intercropping system, the nature of wind profile isn’t well discussed.
Methodology: With this background, a two-year experiment was conducted with five different crop combinations (T1- sole wheat, T2- sole mustard, T3- two wheat: six mustard, T4- four wheat: four mustard and T5- six wheat: two mustard) in Rndomized Block Design (RBD) of 54 m2 plot size. Wind speed was measured at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m above the crop canopy from 9:30 to 13:30 hour at two-hour interval. The observations were taken from 30 to 80 days after emergence (DAE) at weekly interval.
Results: Results showed that the wind speed gradually increased with the increment of height over the sole wheat. Wind speed sharply declined under intercropping over the wheat canopy. The percentage reduction in T3 was maximal on 58 DAE. The wind speed gradually increased with height for all observations in mustard irrespective of treatment combinations. However, under intercropping, wind speed reduced marginally at 0.5 m above mustard height compared to the sole mustard.
Conclusion: Reduced wind speed over wheat canopy causes reduction of mass and momentum transfer thus reducing the carbon exchange rate which might be one of the reasons for lower biomass production in wheat-mustard intercrop in comparison to sole wheat crop.
Serum Zinc Levels of Under Five Children with Diarrheal Disease
Authors: Ikejiaku U. P. , Anochie I. , Nwolisa E. C. , Iregbu F. U. , Amamilo I. B. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children below five years of age especially in developing countries. One of the consequences of diarrhoea in children is zinc deficiency, which may worsen the diarrhoea itself, and thus increase morbidity and mortality.
Aim and Objectives: The study aimed to determine the serum zinc status of under five children with diarrhoea attending Federal Medical Centre Owerri. Also, to compare the serum zinc level between children with diarrhoea and their age and sex-matched controls, as well as determine the relationship, if any between types of diarrhoea, and frequency of diarrhoea episodes.
Methodology: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study carried out at the Emergency Paediatric Unit, The Children’s Outpatient Clinic and The Children’s Ward of the Federal Medical Centre, Owerri. A total of 402 study participants were analyzed. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data including participants’ socio demographic characteristics, the clinical presentation of the present diarrhoeal episode, as well as the frequency and duration of diarrhoeal episodes in the preceding year. Serum zinc was assessed using Varian AA240 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.
Results: The prevalence of zinc deficiency in children with diarrhoea was 84.1% while that of children without diarrhoea was 56.2%. Mean serum zinc level was significantly lower in children with diarrhoea when compared to their age and sex matched controls (p=0.000). All children with persistent diarrhoea and dysentery had zinc deficiency. Children with persistent diarrhoea had significantly lower serum levels when compared to children with acute watery diarrhoea. There was a negative correlation between serum zinc level and frequency of stool, duration of the present episode of diarrhoea, frequency of diarrhoea episodes, and the duration of each episode of diarrhoea in the preceding year and the severity of dehydration.
Conclusion: The findings of this study support the present recommendation of the World Health Organization for zinc supplementation in children with diarrhoea, and recommends that children with persistent diarrhoea should have longer treatment with zinc tablets.
Radiation Dose to the Closest Critical Organ during External Beam Radiotherapy of Head & Neck, Breast and Cervix at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: I. Akinlade Bidemi , M. Adenuga Temitope , A. Aborisade Caleb , P. Farai Idowu 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Radiotherapy is the use of ionizing radiation for treatment of diseases, mostly malignant and non-malignant. Its goal is to deliver maximum radiation dose to tumour cells while minimizing dose to the surrounding normal cells. Studies have shown that patients who underwent radiotherapy usually receive highest scattered radiation dose to organs closest to the treatment sites due to inevitable exposure and making them susceptible to cancer induction. This study aims at quantify scattered radiation dose to closest critical organs during external beam radiotherapy of the head & neck, breast, and cervix at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: Seventy-nine patients living with cancer in the region of head & neck, breast or cervix, who gave permission to participate were considered. The closest critical organs of interest are the eye lens, thyroid and femur head respectively. Thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) were used to measure scattered radiation dose to these reference organs during radiation therapy of the target organs. After each treatment session, the exposed TLDs were taken to the designated Research Laboratory for processing with manual TLD reader system, HARSHAW, model 3500.
Results: The mean scattered radiation doses to reference organs during the treatment of head & neck, breast and cervical cancer cases were 110 ±77 cGy (Eye lens), 211 ± 83 cGy (Thyroid), and 319 ±103 cGy (Femur head) respectively.
Conclusion: In all, Femur head received the highest (87% of prescribed dose to target organ) scattered radiation dose followed by thyroid (54%) and the eye lens (32%) from their respective target organ.
Opportunities for respiratory disease transmission from people to chimpanzees at an East African tourism site
Authors: Glasser Darcey B. , Goldberg Tony L. , Guma Nelson , Balyesiima Godfrey , Agaba Hillary , Gessa Simplicious J. , Rothman Jessica M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRespiratory illnesses, including COVID‐19, present a serious threat to endangered wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) populations. In some parts of sub‐Saharan Africa, chimpanzee tracking is a popular tourism activity, offering visitors a chance to view apes in their natural habitats. Chimpanzee tourism is an important source of revenue and thus benefits conservation; however, chimpanzee tracking may also increase the risk of disease transmission from people to chimpanzees directly (e.g., via aerosol transmission) or indirectly (e.g., through the environment or via fomites). This study assessed how tourist behaviors might facilitate respiratory disease transmission at a chimpanzee tracking site in Kibale National Park, Uganda. We observed tourists, guides, and student interns from the time they entered the forest to view the chimpanzees until they left the forest and noted behaviors related to disease transmission. Common behaviors included coughing, sneezing, and urinating, which respectively occurred during 88.1%, 65.4%, and 36.6% of excursions. Per excursion, individuals touched their faces an average of 125.84 ± 34.45 times and touched large tree trunks or branches (which chimpanzees might subsequently touch) an average of 230.14 ± 108.66 times. These results show that many pathways exist by which pathogens might move from humans to chimpanzees in the context of tourism. Guidelines for minimizing the risk of such transmission should consider tourist behavior and the full range of modes by which pathogen transmission might occur between tourists and chimpanzees.
Formation and Characterization of BeFe(CO)4− Anion with Beryllium−Iron Bonding
Authors: Wang Guanjun , Zhao Jing , Hu Han‐Shi , Li Jun , Zhou Mingfei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHeteronuclear BeFe(CO)4− anion complex is generated in the gas phase, which is detected by mass‐selected infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in the carbonyl stretching frequency region. The complex is characterized to have a Be−Fe bonded Be−Fe(CO)4− structure with C3v symmetry and all of the four carbonyl ligands bonded on the iron center. Quantum chemical studies indicate that the complex has a quite short Be−Fe bond. Besides one electron‐sharing σ bond, there are two additional, albeit weak, Be ← Fe(CO)4− dative π bonding interactions. The findings imply that metal–metal bonding between s‐block and transition metals is viable under suitable coordination environment.