bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Fiction by Subscription: The Art and Business of Literary Advice 1884–1895
Authors: Caughey John S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter examines the rise of literary advice in Anglo-American periodical culture from 1884 to 1895. Capitalizing on a moment when fiction became both more self-consciously artistic and more potentially lucrative, literary advice of this era addressed the full range of literary practice and the attendant practical activities that made it possible. The chapter resituates the landmark “Art of Fiction” debate (1884)—an event crucially sponsored by the magazines—as the opening of an era of practical discussion that was soon after taken up in trade journals devoted specifically to authorship. The practical advice dispensed by these journals—including tools, tricks, tips, and gossip—focuses on the form of the short story, creating a loop with a form that was itself a magazine staple. This interactive looping is considered in the conclusion, where the chapter examines a systematic course in literary art offered byAtalanta, a late-Victorian “Girl’s Magazine.”
“You Will Be Surprised that Fiction Has Become an Art”: The Language of Craft and the Legacy of Henry James
Authors: Atwell Mary Stewart 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs some scholars have noted, the technical principles that modern creative writing workshops identify as “the craft of fiction” owe a great deal to Henry James and the prefaces to the New York edition of his novels, later published in a single volume as The Art of the Novel. However, James, far from setting out to help aspiring writers to develop their technical knowledge, was in fact fairly hostile to the very idea of craft, famously declaring that he “cannot imagine composition existing in a series of blocks.” The prefaces were instead intended to provide a sort of Cliff’s Notes to his own work, naming the tricks of his trade for the edification of his most dedicated readers, and it was these readers, most notably including Percy Lubbock, Joseph Warren Beach, and Caroline Gordon, who adapted James’s principles in some of the first literary handbooks used in the creative writing classroom. Though Lubbock, Beach, and Gordon borrowed significantly from James, they balanced his emphasis on aesthetics with the more accessible and egalitarian approach of earlier authors of fiction-writing handbooks, including the work of Walter Besant. This essay argues that a scholarly examination of the historical development of the discourse of the craft of writing serves not only to correct an over-emphasis on James’s influence, but also to address the equally erroneous assumption that principles of technique are eternal and universal, and thus exist apart from subject position and historical contingency.
“Your Successful Man of Letters Is Your Successful Tradesman”: Fiction and the Marketplace in British Author’s Guides of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Vlitos Paul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs Christopher Hilliard has noted, the 1890s and 1900s saw in Britain the development of a flourishing “literary advice industry” of which the “first goods were guidebooks” (Hilliard in To Exercise Our Talents: The Democratization of Writing in Britain. Harvard University Press, London and Cambridge, MA, 2006, p. 20). Examples include Arnold Bennett’s How to Become an Author (1903), Walter Besant’s The Pen and the Book (1899), E. H. Lacon Watson’s Hints to Young Authors (1902), and Leopold Wagner’s How to Publish a Book (1898). As this chapter will explore, these authors’ guides mix technical advice on the rules of fiction with practical advice on the workings of the publishing industry and the financial side of authorship—and in so doing, I shall argue, both reflect and help contribute to dramatic changes in public understandings of the nature of authorship and the relationship between the writer and marketplace.
“Stand Out from the Crowd!”: Literary Advice in Online Writing Communities
Authors: Thomas Bronwen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter provides a detailed analysis of the different levels of advice online writing communities offer aspiring writers, from the overt provision of “writing tips” and guidelines, to the role of authoritative intermediaries such as moderators and beta readers, and the peer-to-peer feedback provided by way of ongoing informal comments. Case studies will be taken from bespoke writing platforms such as Wattpad, but will also consider the role of fan communities and the kinds of support structures they offer. Analysis will focus on the extent to which advice is predicated on the traditional formal features of the writing (dialogue, characterization) or on reader engagement and self-promotion. It will also explore whether such advice is prescriptive and reflective of practices and norms inherited from traditional cultural gatekeepers, and the degree to which the work produced within these communities can ever be described as experimental, playful, or subversive.
Taking Self-Help Books Seriously: The Informal Aesthetic Education of Writers
Authors: Peary Alexandria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAesthetic education with a writing focus has occurred in the United States through two vehicles: textbooks in classroom-based instruction or self-help books in extracurricular instruction. Writing self-help books, or texts which address a readership interested in learning about writing independent of a teacher or university, played a significant role in guiding countless individuals during the twentieth century and continue to do so today (For the purposes of this article, “self-help” refers exclusively to self-help literature offering advice about the act of writing and not to any of the myriad of other self-help topics [dieting, relationships, and so forth]). The evolution of these self-help books paralleled the development of college and university writing courses that arose early in the twentieth century: indeed, a powerfulinformalaesthetic education has been occurring through self-help books. In this chapter, I perform a textual analysis of five twentieth-century self-help books, all attracting substantial readership: Dorothea Brande’sBecoming a Writer(1934); Brenda Ueland’sIf You Want to Write(1938); Peter Elbow’sWriting Without Teachers(1973); Natalie Goldberg’sWriting Down the Bones(1986); and Anne Lamott’sBird by Bird(1995). An examination of these popular twentieth-century self-help books reveals four areas of overlapping content. Collectively, self-help books on writing address the role of the unconscious in composing, issues of control, the holistic nature of composing, and failures in traditional teaching, and they all formulate a broader argument about the universal ability of humans to be creative.
Soziale Arbeit als unverzichtbarer Bestandteil in der Opioidagonistischen Therapie
Authors: Hälg Regula 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungHeroin wurde in der Schweiz in grösseren Mengen ab Mitte der 1970er‐Jahre konsumiert. Ab den 1980er‐Jahren wurde die Problematik der steigenden Anzahl Heroinkonsumierender zunehmend sichtbar: öffentliche Drogenszenen gekennzeichnet durch Verwahrlosung und Gewalt, eine Zunahme der Drogentoten und von HIV‐Ansteckungen resp. Aidserkrankungen. Zahlen zur Anzahl Konsumierender sind nicht vorhanden. Eine Schätzung des Bundesamtes für Gesundheit (BAG) für das Jahr 2002 kommt auf 18 500 bis 25 500 Heroinabhängige (Sucht Schweiz 2013).
Aufsuchende Soziale Arbeit als sozialräumliche und lebensweltorientierte Schadensminderung
Authors: Arbogast Mathias 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungIn ihrem Selbstverständnis ist aufsuchende Soziale Arbeit (aSa) professionelles Handeln im öffentlichen bzw. halböffentlichen Raum – d. h. sie vertritt klare Haltungen und handelt methodisch. Doch der Weg hin zu einem eigenständigen, reflektierten Arbeitsfeld innerhalb der Sozialen Arbeit war weit.
Von umstrittenen Pionierprojekten zum Erfolgsmodell
Authors: Schicker Franziska , Inauen Natascha 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungNach Jahren erfolgloser, repressiver Drogenpolitik und den Erfahrungen mit den offenen Drogenszenen in vielen Städten der (Deutsch‐) Schweiz – als bekanntestes Beispiel sind der Platzspitz und der Letten in Zürich zu erwähnen – wurde in den 1990er‐Jahren die Vier‐Säulen‐Drogenpolitik schweizweit eingeführt. In enger Zusammenarbeit entwickelten Fachleute und Politiker das Modell der vier Säulen. Das bisherige Drei‐Säulen‐Modell, bestehend aus Prävention, Therapie und Repression, wurde mit der vierten Säule Überlebenshilfe (später Schadensminderung) ergänzt.
Soziale Arbeit bei der Bewährungshilfe ‐ von Wünschen und Realitäten
Authors: Ospelt Carolin , Müller Marcel 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Bewährungshilfe St. Gallen ist eine Abteilung des Amtes für Justizvollzug im Sicherheits‐ und Justizdepartement. Der Gesetzgeber legt den Grundauftrag für Bewährungshilfe im Strafgesetzbuch (StGB) in Art. 93 und in Art. 376 fest. Die Grundlagen für unsere Tätigkeit sind weiter in der Strafprozessordnung, der kantonalen Verordnung über die Bewährungshilfe und in den Richtlinien des Ostschweizer Strafvollzugskonkordates verortet.
Über die Krankheit hinaus: die Rückkehr der Sozialen Arbeit
Authors: Savary Jean‐Félix , Tharin Ann , Bach Romain , Fazan Cédric , Durgnat Hervé , Periard Cédric 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Viersäulenpolitik hat die Schweiz zu einer Pionierin in der Suchthilfe gemacht. Die Einführung der neuen Suchtpolitik hat insbesondere dazu beigetragen, die Anzahl der Drogentoten drastisch zu senken. In den 2000er‐Jahren haben mehrere Gesetzesänderungen die Rahmenbedingungen erneut verändert.
Stationärer Entzug, der Start in ein suchtfreies Leben? Arbeitsfeld Entzug und Entwöhnung
Authors: Kaufmann Markus 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDas therapeutische Angebot der Klinik Zugersee beinhaltet Behandlungen für sämtliche Formen psychischer Erkrankungen (z. B. Depressionen, Ängste, Psychosen, Abhängigkeitserkrankungen und verschiedene Demenzformen) sowie psychosomatischer Erkrankungen (z. B. Schlafstörungen und Schmerzstörungen).
Soziale Arbeit in einem stationären therapeutischen Reintegrationsprogramm Arbeitsfeld Betreutes Wohnen
Authors: Bingler Fabienne , Engler Hans Peter 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Stadtlärm ist ein über Gemeinden und Kantone finanziertes Angebot der Suchthilfe Region Basel und bietet Menschen mit einer Suchterkrankung (Alkohol, illegale Substanzen und/oder Verhaltenssucht) im Anschluss an eine stationäre Therapie oder in Ausnahmefällen auch direct nach dem Entzug die Möglichkeit, ihre Alltags‐ und Lebenskompetenzen in einem abstinenten Umfeld zu stärken, weiter auszubauen und sich auf das selbstständige Wohnen vorzubereiten. Da im drogen‐ und alkoholfreien Stadtlärm‐Haus bereits ein hohes Mass an Eigenverantwortung und Suchtverständnis gefordert ist, wird eine fundierte Auseinandersetzung mit der persönlichen Suchtgeschichte im Sinne einer Therapie als sehr empfehlenswert erachtet. Diese kann entweder in der Suchthilfe Region Basel oder in einer der zahlreichen schweizweiten Angebote erfolgen. Auch Personen mit einem straf‐ und/oder massnahmerechtlichen Hintergrund (StGB Art.59‐61) können aufgenommen werden und ihre Auflagen im Stadtlärm erfüllen.
Conformal field theory complexity from Euler-Arnold equations
Authors: Flory Mario , Heller Michal P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDefining complexity in quantum field theory is a difficult task, and the main challenge concerns going beyond free models and associated Gaussian states and operations. One take on this issue is to consider conformal field theories in 1+1 dimensions and our work is a comprehensive study of state and operator complexity in the universal sector of their energy-momentum tensor. The unifying conceptual ideas are Euler-Arnold equations and their integro-differential generalization, which guarantee well-posedness of the optimization problem between two generic states or transformations of interest. The present work provides an in-depth discussion of the results reported in arXiv:2005.02415 and techniques used in their derivation. Among the most important topics we cover are usage of differential regularization, solution of the integro-differential equation describing Fubini-Study state complexity and probing the underlying geometry.
Magnetic lattices for orthosymplectic quivers
Authors: Bourget Antoine , Grimminger Julius F. , Hanany Amihay , Kalveks Rudolph , Sperling Marcus , Zhong Zhenghao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For any gauge theory, there may be a subgroup of the gauge group which acts trivially on the matter content. While many physical observables are not sensitive to this fact, the choice of the precise gauge group becomes crucial when the magnetic lattice of the theory is considered. This question is addressed in the context of Coulomb branches for 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 quiver gauge theories, which are moduli spaces of dressed monopole operators. We compute the Coulomb branch Hilbert series of many unitary-orthosymplectic quivers for different choices of gauge groups, including diagonal quotients of the product gauge group of individual factors, where the quotient is by a trivially acting subgroup. Choosing different such diagonal groups results in distinct Coulomb branches, related as orbifolds. Examples include nilpotent orbit closures of the exceptional E-type algebras and magnetic quivers that arise from brane physics. This includes Higgs branches of theories with 8 supercharges in dimensions 4, 5, and 6. A crucial ingredient in the calculation of exact refined Hilbert series is the alternative construction of unframed magnetic quivers from resolved Slodowy slices, whose Hilbert series can be derived from Hall-Littlewood polynomials.
Note on the Labelled tree graphs
Authors: Feng Bo , Zhang Yaobo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the CHY-frame for the tree-level amplitudes, the bi-adjoint scalar theory has played a fundamental role because it gives the on-shell Feynman diagrams for all other theories. Recently, an interesting generalization of the bi-adjoint scalar theory has been given in [1] by the “Labelled tree graphs”, which carries a lot of similarity comparing to the bi-adjoint scalar theory. In this note, we have investigated the Labelled tree graphs from two different angels. In the first part of the note, we have shown that we can organize all cubic Feynman diagrams produces by the Labelled tree graphs to the “effective Feynman diagrams”. In the new picture, the pole structure of the whole theory is more manifest. In the second part, we have generalized the action of “picking pole” in the bi-adjoint scalar theory to general CHY-integrands which produce only simple poles.
Geriatric polytrauma patients should not be excluded from aggressive injury treatment based on age alone
Authors: van Wessem Karlijn J. P. , Leenen Luke P. H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Age in severely injured patients has been increasing for decades. Older age is associated with increasing mortality. However, morbidity and mortality could possibly be reduced when accurate and aggressive treatment is provided. This study investigated age-related morbidity and mortality in polytrauma including age-related decisions in initial injury management and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST).

Methods
A 6.5-year prospective cohort study included consecutive severely injured trauma patients admitted to a Level-1 Trauma Center ICU. Demographics, data on physiology, resuscitation, MODS/ARDS, and infectious complications were prospectively collected. Patients were divided into age subgroups (< 25, 25–49, 50–69, and ≥ 70 years) to make clinically relevant comparisons.

Results
391 patients (70% males) were included with median ISS of 29 (22–36), 95% sustained blunt injuries. There was no difference in injury severity, resuscitation, urgent surgeries, nor in ventilator days, ICU-LOS, and H-LOS between age groups. Adjusted odds of MODS, ARDS and infectious complications were similar between age groups. 47% of patients ≥ 70 years died, compared to 10–16% in other age groups (P < 0.001). WLST increased with older age, contributing to more than half of deaths ≥ 70 years. TBI was the most common cause of death and decision for treatment withdrawal in all age groups.

Conclusions
Patients ≥ 70 years had higher mortality risk even though injury severity and complication rates were similar to other age groups. WLST increased with age with the vast majority due to brain injury. More than half of patients ≥ 70 years survived suggesting geriatric polytrauma patients should not be excluded from aggressive injury treatment based on age alone.
Modular verification of programs with effectsand effects handlers
Authors: Letan Thomas , Régis-Gianas Yann , Chifflier Pierre , Hiet Guillaume 
Published: December 2020

AbstractModern computing systems have grown in complexity, and even though system components are generally carefully designed and even verified by different groups of people, thecompositionof these components is often regarded with less attention. Inconsistencies between components’ assumptions on the rest of the system can have significant repercussions on this system, and may ultimately lead to safety or security issues. In this article, we introduce FreeSpec, a formalismbuilt upon the key idea that components can bemodeled as programs with algebraic effects to be realized by other components. FreeSpec allows for the modular modeling of a complex system, by defining idealized components connected together, and the modular verification of the properties of their composition. In addition, we have implemented a framework for the Coq proof assistant based on FreeSpec.
Configurable verification of timed automata with discrete variables
Authors: Tóth Tamás , Majzik István 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlgorithms and protocols with time dependent behavior are often specified formally using timed automata. For practical real-time systems, besides real-valued clock variables, these specifications typically contain discrete data variables with nontrivial data flow. In this paper, we propose a configurable lazy abstraction framework for the location reachability problem of timed automata that potentially contain discrete variables. Moreover, based on our previous work, we uniformly formalize in our framework several abstraction refinement strategies for both clock and discrete variables that can be freely combined, resulting in many distinct algorithm configurations. Besides the proposed refinement strategies, the configurability of the framework allows the integration of existing efficient lazy abstraction algorithms for clock variables based on $${\textit{LU}}$$
LU
-bounds. We demonstrate the applicability of the framework and the proposed refinement strategies by an empirical evaluation on a wide range of timed automata models, including ones that contain discrete variables or diagonal constraints.
Anti-VEGF-Therapie bei fibrovaskulärer und serös-vaskularisierter Pigmentepithelabhebung bei neovaskulärer AMD
Authors: Barth T. , Reiners M. , Zeman F. , Greslechner R. , Helbig H. , Gamulescu M.-A. 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die neovaskuläre altersabhängige Makuladegeneration (nAMD) ist die häufigste Ursache für das Auftreten einer Pigmentepithelabhebung (PED). Die Therapie der fibrovaskulären PED (fPED) und serös-vaskularisierten PED (svPED) mit intravitrealen VEGF(„vascular endothelial growth factor“)-Inhibitoren hat in der klinischen Praxis eine eingeschränkte Prognose.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Datenlage zum PED-Langzeitverlauf ist überschaubar. Diese Arbeit erfasst den Verlauf therapierter PEDs bei nAMD über einen Zeitraum von 5 Jahren.

Methodik
Bei allen Augen, die im Zeitraum von 2006 bis 2015 aufgrund einer fPED oder svPED eine Behandlung mit Anti-VEGF-Präparaten erhielten, erfolgte eine retrospektive Analyse des klinischen Verlaufs und der Morphologie mittels optischer Kohärenztomographie (OCT). Es galten die folgenden Einschlusskriterien: OCT-Nachweis einer PED, angiographische Bestätigung einer nAMD, klinische Dokumentation über 5 Jahre sowie gute Bildqualität.

Ergebnisse
Bei 23 Augen von 22 Patienten wurden die Einschlusskriterien erfüllt. Nach 5 Jahren zeigte sich im Gesamtkollektiv und in der Subgruppe der Augen mit fPED eine signifikante Verschlechterung des Visus (p = 0,007; p = 0,045). Bei den Augen mit svPED war die Visusabnahme nicht signifikant (p = 0,097). Im Gesamtkollektiv wurde eine statistisch signifikante Reduktion der PED-Höhe (p = 0,006) bei gleichzeitig signifikanter Zunahme des PED-Durchmessers (p = 0,002) gemessen, wobei innerhalb der Subgruppen die Abnahme der PED-Höhe und Zunahme des PED-Durchmessers nur für die Messwerte der svPED signifikant waren (p = 0,004; p = 0,013). Bei den Augen mit fPED war die Veränderung der OCT-Parameter nicht signifikant (p = 0,616; p = 0,097). Bei 17 (74 %) der Augen fand sich bei der finalen OCT-Beurteilung eine Fibrose oder Atrophie.

Diskussion
Nach 5 Jahren Anti-VEGF-Behandlung bei nAMD-assoziierter PED zeigten sich in der Hälfte der Fälle eine Visusabnahme und in drei Viertel der Augen eine ungünstige OCT-Morphologie. Die mittlere Anzahl an Injektionen und Visiten war niedriger als in klinischen Studien und anderen Real-life-Erhebungen. Insgesamt beobachteten wir eine Unterbehandlung mit schlechterem funktionellem und anatomischem Outcome in unserer klinischen Praxis verglichen mit anderen Studien.
A conceptual framework for resilience: fundamental definitions, strategies and metrics
Authors: Andersson Jesper , Grassi Vincenzo , Mirandola Raffaela , Perez-Palacin Diego 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe resilience system property has become more and more relevant, mainly because of the increasing dependance on a rapidly growing number of software-intensive, complex, socio-technical systems, which are facing uncertainty about changes they are expected to experience during their life-cycle and ways to deal with them. Methodologies for the systematic design and validation of resilience for such systems are thus highly necessary, and require contributions from several different fields. This paper contributes to current resilience research by providing a conceptual framework intended to serve as a common ground for the development of such methodologies. Its main points are: the identification of the main categories of changes a system should face; a clear definition of the different facets of resilience one could want to achieve, expressed in terms of the system dynamics; a mapping of each of these facets to design strategies that are better suited to achieve it; and the corresponding identification of possible metrics that can be used to assess its achievement.
Circular economy: national and global policy—overview
Authors: Braun Artur , Toth Rita 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe motivation for this special issue on circular economy, and national and global policy, originated during the international stakeholder meeting (Ochoa 2019) for our SUNRISE flagship project (Abbott 2019; Kupferschmidt 2019) in Bruxelles in June 2019. At the same day, one mile away from our meeting, Deutsche Energie Agentur (DENA) held a panel round table meeting on regulation for renewable fuels (Powerfuels 2019), at which the author could participate. The SUNRISE flagship is a European initiative for the sustainable production of solar fuels and base chemicals. The yet to be developed technology is based on the chemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) from concentrated sources and from the atmosphere, and solar water splitting for hydrogen production. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide will be synthesized to hydrocarbons for industrial use. When the synthetic hydrocarbons are consumed, carbon dioxide will be generated and fed back in a circular process, powered by renewable energy. In this extended carbon cycle (Calvin 1961), CO2is a valuable asset and remains part of the global biogeochemical cycle and becomes part of the circular economy. CO2concentration in the atmosphere will be reduced to an acceptable, climate neutral value once the cycle is in operation (Faber et al. 2020).