bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Panorama das Artes Decorativas em São Paulo entre 1950 e 1960
Authors: M. S. Freitas Patrícia 
Published: November 2020

Entre as décadas de 1950 e 1960 em São Paulo, é possível notar a construção um elevado número de edifícios modernos com uma nova e atualizada conexão com as artes decorativas. São obras que estabelecem parceria entre arquitetos e artistas plásticos. Estes últimos criaram diversos murais feitos em pastilha de vidro, cerâmica, pintura mural e azulejos.
A execução destes painéis mobilizou o trabalho em conjunto de nomes nacionais e internacionais, como Oscar Niemeyer, Cândido Portinari, Clóvis Graciano, Vilanova Artigas, Roberto Burle Marx, Bramante Buffoni, entre outros. Os temas abordados nessas obras variam entre motes alusivos à identidade e à memória paulista: bandeirantes, o trabalho e a indústria, mas podem também escolher formas abstratas, expressando um debate entre figurativismo e abstração, recorrente na época. Neste contexto, estas obras permitem a reflexão acerca da inserção de um programa decorativo na arquitetura moderna e no debate internacional sobre a síntese das artes.
Mens Sana in Corpore Sano – Os Estádios Monumentais de Mussolini, Salazar e Getúlio Vargas
Authors: De Almeida Sampaio Gustavo 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo volta-se a três centros esportivos edificados em três diferentes pontos do globo durante a década de 30, sendo eles: o Foro Mussolini (Roma,1932), o Estádio Nacional do Jamor (Lisboa,1944) e o Estádio do Pacaembu (São Paulo, 1940). Construídos em um momento histórico de consolidação e atuação de vários “Estados Novos”, estas obras esportivas demonstram como o anseio de construção de um “novo homem” compartilhado por estes governos, catapultou a construção de grandiosos e monumentais centros esportivos.
O estudo, feito majoritariamente por meio de textos ligados à mídia seriada (jornais e revistas), evidencia que, apesar de serem edificados em diferentes nações, estes estádios compartilhavam composição, discurso e finali­dade.
Juntamente a estes pontos, almeja-se demonstrar como os estudos que relacionam a arquitetura edificada na Itália Fascista, Portugal Salazarista e o Brasil Getulista podem contribuir para a compreensão da trajetória da arquite­tura moderna da década de 30.
Publicity Tile Panels in Portugal: a Singularity within Identity
Authors: Carvalho Cristina 
Published: November 2020

In mid-19th century when tiles turn to the outside of the buildings, covering façades, a singularity in tile production came to light: their use as advertising or publicity support. From the third quarter of the 19th century on, very simple signs made of tiles start to inform about products, shops, workshops or services. Since then, until mid-20th century, this sort of production never stopped, being able to update itself to new artistic styles following graphic arts and publicity concepts evolution. Work of unknown artists as well as of consecrated painters and designers, it evolved from the simple lettering to the most exuberant colourful figurative representations.
Despite its decline from mid-20th century, this sort of panels never completely disappeared and continued to be produced until nowadays. The present article aims to analyse the publicity panels, a singular tile production scattered all over the country, relating them to the Portuguese artistic identity.
Gaps in tuberculosis control in Armenia: How to improve the care system?
Authors: Davtyan Hayk , Petrosyan Ani , Aslanyan Garry , Aghabekyan Seda , De Basso Deborah , Davtyan Karapet 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global public health problem. People with weakened immune systems are more vulnerable to TB. It is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and is a leading cause of death for people living with HIV (PLWH). The aim of the current study was to perform programmatic data analysis of TB cases treated with the first-line drugs, registered in Armenia for the period of January 2017 – August 2018, and to identify gaps in TB care system in Armenia.
Methodology: A retrospective cohort study using programmatic data from National TB Program.
Results: Overall treatment success rate for the period of study was 79%. HIV had impact only on “died” outcome with odds ratio (OR) of 20.9. More than a third (34%) of all HIV-positive patients died during TB treatment and 45% of patients who had non-Armenian citizenship were lost to follow-up during the treatment (OR = 3.3). Treatment duration for the 8% of all cases (mainly with brain or bone localization) was > 9 months and lasted up to 500 days.
Conclusions: Better collaboration and partial integration of TB and HIV services in Armenia is required. The access to care for non-Armenian citizens needs to be improved. The national TB treatment guideline needs to be updated based on scientific evidence. This study demonstrates that continuous analysis of the available data and tailoring of the system is required to address the needs of key populations and achieve universal care coverage.
Tuberculosis in key populations in Tajikistan – a snapshot in 2017
Authors: Tilloeva Zulfiya , Aghabekyan Seda , Davtyan Karapet , Goncharova Olga , Kabirov Olim , Pirmahmadzoda Bobojon , Rajabov Asliddin , Mirzoev Azamdzhon , Aslanyan Garry 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: WHO End TB Strategy aims at achieving targets of 90% mortality reduction and 80% reduction in tuberculosis (TB) incidence by 2030, recommending better addressing TB and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) issues in key populations.
Aim: The study aimed at having a snapshot of the epidemiological characteristics of the key populations among the new TB patients, registered in Tajikistan during 2017.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted, using official TB registration data for all new TB case notification in Tajikistan in 2017.
Results: The key population included 1,029 (19.8%) patients among all 5,182 new TB cases registered in 2017. The following selected sub-populations were identified: migrant workers – 728 (70.7%), diabetics – 162 (15.7%), HIV-positive – 138 (13.4%), heavy drinkers – 74 (7.2%), drug users – 50 (4.8%), ex-prisoners – 50 (4.8%), and homeless – 9 (0.9%). Among the key population, 307 (29.8%) patients were smear-positive, 145 (14.1%) were drug-sensitive and 116 (11.3%) had MonoDR/MDR-TB. Time to treatment initiation for smear-positive cases was ≤ 5 days for 303 (98.7%) patients. Being a key population was inversely related to gender (female) (OR = 0.25, 95% CI (0.21, 0.29)) and population type (rural) (OR = 0.64, 95% CI (0.55, 0.74)).
Conclusion: Among the key population the identified overlaps of selected sub-populations would enable more efficiently reaching the certain groups. TB case detection at PHC levels needs to be targeted for improved rates for key population detection. In the key population sub-group of migrant workers’ special migration destinations are recommended to be explored and find out possible associations with drug resistance.
The survival rate of tuberculosis patients in HIV-treated cohort of 2008-2018 in Almaty, Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhandybayeva Ainur , Truzyan Nune , Shahumyan Elina , Kulzhabaeva Aizat , Nugmanova Zhamilya , Denebayeva Alfiya , Tukeyev Marat 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: HIV/TB comorbidity is responsible for 1.6 million deaths worldwide. HIV/TB control and patients’ survival are still among priorities of the national HIV and TB programs. We aimed to evaluate the HIV/TB survival in connection with TB treatment outcomes and factors influencing life duration of the cohort 2008-2018 in Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Methodology: This retrospective cohort study extracted data for all HIV and pulmonary TB adults coinfected during 2008-2018 in Almaty from national registries to apply descriptive, Kaplan-Meier estimation, and Cox proportional hazards regression model. Survival function for the TB treatment outcomes and factors predicting the probability of survival were tested and described.
Results: The cohort population (n = 521) mean age was 37.4 years with 405 (77.7%) males and 210 (40.3%) marrieds. More than one TB treatment had 181 (34.7%) patients, 291 (55.9%) were smear-positive (SS+), and 423 (81.2%) were on antiretroviral therapy with mean CD4 count 254.22cells/µL. Probability to live longer was higher (128 versus 37 months, p = 0.003; 95% confidence interval (CI) 71.65, 184.35) for those who succeeded in TB treatment compared to “lost to follow-up” and “failed” treatment outcomes. Adjusted Cox regression model death hazard showed association with missing ART treatment (HR: 1.699, 95%CI 1.164, 2.481, p = 0.006) and having CD4 count < 499 (HR 2.398, 95%CI 1.191, 4.830, p < 0.014).
Conclusion: TB treatment outcomes, ART treatment, and the CD4 count of HIV/TB coinfected population substantially influence their life duration. The medical decision- and policy-makers should take this into consideration when implementing targeted improvements in the national HIV and TB programs.
Treatment outcomes of drug-resistant tuberculosis in people living with HIV in Odesa province, Ukraine, 2014-2016
Authors: Yesypenko Svitlana , Grigoryan Ruzanna , Sereda Yulia , Denisuk Olga , Kovtunovich Liana , Rybak Tatyana , Postnov Oleksandr , Neduzhko Oleksandr , Antonyak Sergiy , Bespoyasnaya Valentina 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Odesa province has the highest TB/HIV prevalence in Ukraine, exceeding the total prevalence in the country by 3 times. The objective of this study was to investigate the unfavorable treatment outcomes and associated factors in patient with drug-resistant (DR) TB in people living with HIV (PLH) in Odesa.
Methodology: A cohort study with secondary data analysis was conducted among 373 PLH with confirmed pulmonary DR TB for 2014-2016.
Results: About 2/3rd of the cohort were males from urban areas. Mean age and CD4 counts were 39 and 203, respectively. The overall treatment success was 44.2% with the most unfavorable treatment outcomes being observed in extensively and pre-extensively drug resistant (XDR and PreXDR) TB. The mean time between the results of GeneXpert (manufactured by Cepehid) and DR TB treatment based on GeneXpert was 1.3 days. However, the mean time between DR TB treatment based on GeneXpert and results of drug susceptibility test (DST) was 37.0 days referring to a late reporting of DST and to a late adjustment of previously prescribed treatment. The factors associated with the treatment unfavorable outcome included XDR and Pre-XDR TB, lack of antiretroviral treatment (ART), contrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) and CD4 test.
Conclusions: The rate of successful DR TB treatment in PLH in Odesa remains low. The delayed reporting of DST contributes to lack of timely adjusted treatments. XDR and Pre-XDR TB, lack of ART and CPT are associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes. Additional studies would help to understand the temporal relationship between CD4 test and treatment outcomes.
Dieudonné : antisémitisme, panique morale et communauté déviante
Authors: Proust Serge , Michalon Jérôme , Maurin Marine , Noûs Camille 
Published: November 2020

À partir d’une enquête sur plusieurs spectacles de Dieudonné, cet article analyse l’articulation entre l’antisémitisme et une critique réactionnaire des sociétés occidentales centrée sur la disparition des normes hétérosexuelles. Nous montrons que l’adhésion à cette articulation est d’autant plus forte qu’elle s’exprime dans l’espace-temps des représentations publiques, où Dieudonné met en scène sa stigmatisation tout autant qu’il la transcende. Dans l’interaction avec un public se sentant également stigmatisé, se constitue ainsi une « communauté déviante », à travers la transgression d’« interdits » perçus comme participant de l’effondrement moral des sociétés occidentales.
Le (double) passeport des élites africaines. Être et rester cosmopolite au Mali grâce à l’acquisition d’une seconde citoyenneté
Authors: Mary Kevin 
Published: November 2020

Cet article interroge les différentes significations que peut prendre l’acquisition d’une seconde citoyenneté et donc d’un second passeport chez les élites africaines. Basé sur un travail de terrain au Mali, l’article passe en revue les multiples avantages relatifs à la possession d’un tel document d’identification : facilitation de circulation mais aussi outil de distinction et source d’une certaine forme de sécurité, pour soi et pour sa famille. L’article plaide ainsi pour la prise en compte des citoyennetés dans la définition des classes sociales.
Du réfugié yéménite à l’entrepreneur. Quand l’exil de guerre devient opportunité économique à Djibouti
Authors: Lauret Alexandre 
Published: November 2020

En s’appuyant sur des données empiriques récoltées auprès des réfugiés yéménites à Djibouti, cet article traite de l’articulation entre réfugiés, opportunité économique et formation d’une classe sociale en exil. La guerre au Yémen a entraîné l’exode d’une partie de la population yéménite vers les États voisins. Sur la rive africaine, Djibouti accueille une partie de ces réfugiés. Certains sont envoyés au camp de réfugiés de Markazi à Obock et d’autres intègrent les réseaux « arabes » de Djibouti présents depuis la colonisation française. Ces populations commencent alors à travailler au sein de la diaspora. Au Yémen, la guerre qui se prolonge paralyse l’économie du pays. Quelques années après le premier exode, de nouveaux réfugiés yéménites arrivent à Djibouti. Ils sont en contact avec les premiers réfugiés urbains : ce sont des amis ou des membres de la famille. Ils représentent une nouvelle classe de réfugiés en quête de travail localement, tout en restant en lien avec leurs familles au Yémen.
Le corps et l’esprit dans les mouvements spirituels californiens et Internet aux États-Unis (années 1960 et années 2010)
Authors: Kogiso Kohei , Miura Atsushi 
Published: November 2020

La culture spirituelle californienne des années 1960 a à la fois popularisé la pratique corporelle du yoga et stimulé le développement de la technologie informatique et celui d’Internet. Cet article cherche à comprendre la situation actuelle de la pratique spirituelle et de la méditation à travers la comparaison de ces mouvements californiens entre les deux époques. Dans les années 1960, les jeunes se sentant menacés par la culture industrielle et urbaine du capitalisme cherchaient à reconstruire l’unité du corps et de la conscience afin de se libérer de ce monde à travers l’exploration du spiritualisme asiatique, comme le montrent les cas de l’Institut Esalen et du Whole Earth Catalog. Ces jeunes explorèrent la méditation et développèrent la nouvelle technologie numérique comme moyen de créer des communautés virtuelles. Alors que, dans les années 2010, la méditation ainsi qu’Internet sont largement diffusés, comme le montre Search Inside Yourself, les jeunes négligent pourtant le corps et perdent l’intérêt pour l’autre monde ; ils cherchent simplement à contrôler leurs corps pour s’adapter au monde actuel.
Phacoemulsification vs manual small incision cataract surgery in eyes affected by pseudo exfoliation syndrome with grade II and III cataracts
Authors: Subudhi Praveen , Khan Zahiruddin , Subudhi B. Nageswar Rao , Sitaram Silla , Patro Sweta 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:
To compare the postoperative alteration of central corneal thickness (CCT) and visual outcomes between phacoemulsification (group A) and manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) (group B) in grade II and III nuclear cataracts (NS II and III) with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF).

METHODS:
It is a double masked prospective randomised interventional study. A total of 60 eyes of 60 patients were assigned randomly to either the phacoemulsification (group A) or MSICS (group B) groups. All eyes had nuclear sclerosis grade II and III (LOCS II grading system) with pseudoexfoliation material either over the pupillary margin, anterior lens capsule, or both. All surgeries were done by a single surgeon. Postoperative evaluation was scheduled on the 1st, 30th, 90th, and 180th-day. Statistical analyses were done using appropriate methods. Outcome of the study were measured with changes in central corneal thickness (CCT), Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and the spherical equivalent in the operated eye up to 6 months post surgery.

RESULTS:
The mean preoperative CCT showed no difference between the groups (0.9659). The mean rise in CCT on the 1st postoperative day (POD) showed a significant difference between the groups {24.65 (SD 9.32) [group A (Phacoemulsification)] and 33.34 (SD11.68) [group B (MSICS)] (P < 0.0023)}. At the 1st, 3rd, and 6th month postoperative visits, there was no significant difference. The mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) on the 1st POD was 0.189 (SD 0.118) in Group A and 0.302 (SD 0.121) in group B (P < 0.0005) which was significantly better with the phacoemulsification procedure. At the 1st month it was 0.039 (SD 0.084) in group A and 0.148 (SD 0.089) in group B (P < 0.004), which remained almost stable after that. The mean corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th-month postoperative visits showed no significant difference (P 0.8). The mean spherical equivalent was 0.29 in group A and 0.8 in group B.

CONCLUSION:
In moderately hard nuclear cataracts with PXF, phacoemulsification provides better unaided visual outcomes with less endothelial dysfunction than MSICS in the immediate and subsequent postoperative period.
Incidence and quantification of corneal haze by Pentacam Scheimpflug densitometry following photorefractive keratectomy for myopia in virgin and post corneal transplant eyes with dark irides
Authors: Khattak Ashbala , An-Nakhli Fouad 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:
To assess the incidence and quantification of corneal haze after myopic photorefractive keratectomy in virgin and post corneal transplant eyes with dark irides.

METHODS:
In this retrospective study at the tertiary eye hospital, the corneal haze was evaluated by slit-lamp and quantified by Pentacam Scheimpflug densitometry after myopic photorefractive keratectomy with mitomycin C in virgin eyes (group I) and post corneal transplant eyes (group II) with dark irides over 12 months.

RESULTS:
Group I compromised 126eyes from 77patients (35males and 42females) aged 31.31 years (24.11–36.18 years), and group II compromised 44eyes from 33patients (18males and 15females) aged of 32.25 years (26.15–36.66 years). The incidence of corneal haze was 9.5% (95%CI: 5.0%–16%) and 6.8% (95%CI: 1.4–18.7%) in group I and II respectively (P = 0.587). The corneal densitometry was 22.69 ± 8.28GSU preoperatively and 17.98 ± 3.13GSU at 12 months postoperatively (P = 0.010) in group I. The corneal densitometry was 21.86 ± 6.22GSU preoperatively and 21.23 ± 4.29GSU at 12 months postoperatively (P = 0.815) in group II. High corneal maximal densitometry was associated with the thin central corneal thickness (P = 0.027), the presence of haze (P = 0.028), post-keratoplasty (P = 0.004), steep keratometry (P = 0.035).

CONCLUSION:
The incidence of corneal haze was comparable in virgin and post corneal transplant eyes. The Pentacam Scheimflug densitometry can be helpful in the diagnosis of corneal haze; however, the cutoff values need to be studied further in larger studies.
The prevalence of refractive errors among Saudi adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almudhaiyan Tariq , Alhamzah Albanderi , AlShareef Mozon , Alrasheed Ahmed , Jaffar Rabia , Alluhidan Adel , Al-Hazazi Mohammed , Aldebasi Tariq 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:
To determine the prevalence of refractive errors among Saudi adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted targeting healthy Saudi adults (20–40 years old) at two major gatherings in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from December 2018 to January 2019. Refractive errors were measured, and data pertaining to age, sex, region of origin, and spectacle use was collected. Clinically significant myopia was defined as SE ≥ -0.50 D, hyperopia as SE ≥ 0.50D, and astigmatism as cylindrical error ≥ 0.50D. Refractive error measurements were assessed using Topcon's Auto-Kerato-Refractometer, KR-800.

RESULTS:
A total of 660 adult individuals (1,319 eyes) were included in this study, of which 321 participants (48.7%) were found to be myopes, 167 subjects (25.2%) were hyperopes, and 438 individuals (66.3%) had astigmatism. With regards to correlations, myopia was highly correlated with being male (P-value = 0.036), belonging to age group 20–25 years (P-value = 0.033), originating from the northern regions of Saudi Arabia (P-value <0.001). Similarly, hyperopia was significantly correlated with being male (P-value = 0.048), age groups 20–25 years (P-value = 0.04), and 31–35 years (P-value = 0.011) and was higher in people from northern region (P-value = 0.011). In contrast, astigmatism was only found to be correlated with age group 36–40 years (P-value = 0.002). Additionally, 71.7% of myopic participants and 76.1% of astigmatic individuals opted not to wear spectacles (P-value <0.001).

CONCLUSION:
In this study, the refractive error with the highest prevalence among Saudis was astigmatism, followed by myopia and hyperopia. Gender, region of origin, and spectacle wear were all observed to be highly correlated with higher rates of refractive error.
On the degree of repeated radical extensions
Authors: Szechtman Fernando 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe answer a question posed by Mordell in 1953, in the case of repeated radical extensions, and find necessary and sufficient conditions for
$[F[\sqrt [m_1]{N_1},\dots ,\sqrt [m_\ell ]{N_\ell }]:F]=m_1\cdots m_\ell $
, where F is an arbitrary field of characteristic not dividing any
$m_i$
.
TINJAUAN YURIDISPENIPUAN PENJUALAN BATIK TULIS MELALUI TRANSAKSI DI INTERNET
Authors: Siburian Maurice Rogers , Sianturi Edison 
Published: November 2020

Zaman dulu batik dipakai berdasarkan tujuan yang melingkupinya. Banyak orang tertipu dengan harga mahal yang ditawari pembeli menilai batik tulis maupun batik cap yang asli, dihargai jutaan rupiah. Adapun metode penulisan dalam penelitian skripsi ini memakai studi normatif, melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan ITE dengan batik tulis. Jika diamati tiruan bati alias bukan batik asli karena diproses dengan cara memadukan sablon. Motif batik ditutup menggunakan malam dengan alat printing untuk sablon setelah proses pencelupan warna seperti proses pembatikan. Ketidaktahuan serta kesalahan persepsi konsumen yang menganggap produk tekstil printing motif batik adalah sama dengan produk batik, ternyata memberikan kerugian untuk produsen batik dan konsumen itu sendiri. Omset penjualan produsen batik menjadi turun, karena konsumen cenderung membeli produk tekstil printing motif batik yang memiliki harga jauh lebih murah dibanding produk batik dan konsumen menjadi rentan dengan upaya penipuan dari produsen batik yang tidak jujur, yang menyebutkan bahwa produk yang dijualnya tersebut adalah produk batiknamun sebenarnya adalah produk tekstil printing motif batik.
6 voces en 10 minutos: Preparación prequirúrgica del paciente con obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Yuma María 
Published: November 2020

6 voces en 10 minutos: Estrategias para el descenso de peso en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2Preparación prequirúrgica del paciente con obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2En 1991, el National Institutes of Health (NIH), en reunión de consenso, recomendó que “la cirugía gastrointestinal para la obesidad severa se realice en el marco de atención de un equipo multidisciplinario conformado por médicos clínicos, cirujanos, psicólogos y expertos en nutrición”. La preparación prequirúrgica permite que los pacientes alcancen su mejor condición médica antes de la cirugía para evitar resultados adversos. En este contexto la evaluación médica, nutricional y psicológica detallada e individualizada que considere las comorbilidades y expectativas de la persona es clave para mejorar los resultados después de la cirugía.