bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The biological characteristics of the canine adenovirus type 1 from fox and the transcriptome analysis of the infected MDCK cell
Authors: Zhu Yanzhu , Sun Jie , Yan Minghao , Lian Shizhen , Hu Bo , Lv Shuang , Li Yali , Zhang Yufei , Yan Xijun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCanine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV‐1) is the etiologic agent of fox encephalitis, and a virus strain from fox encephalitis is isolated and related research are conducted. In this experiment, the results showed that the F1301 strain was confirmed to be the CAdV‐1. The whole genome of the CAdV‐1 F1301 strain isolated from fox was 30,535 bp and had higher homology to the other reported CAdV‐1 strains. After 0, 12, and 36 h of CAdV‐1 infection, the difference gene of the 592 long noncoding RNA and 11,215 microRNA were involved in cell responses to CAdV‐1 infection through the PI3K‐AKT, Wnt, Herpes simplex, hepatitis C, and Epstein–Barr virus infection pathway in Madin–Darby canine kidney cell line (MDCK). The results indicate that the biological characterization of the CAdV‐1 and the MDCK cell‐CAdV‐1 interaction are clarified.
Safety of same‐day discharge after uncomplicated, minimalist transcatheter aortic valve replacement in the COVID‐19 era
Authors: Perdoncin Emily , Greenbaum Adam B. , Grubb Kendra J. , Babaliaros Vasilis C. , Keegan Patricia , Ceretto‐Clark Brendan , Wei Jane , Guyton Robert A. , Paone Gaetano , Byku Isida , Gleason Patrick T. , Biven Kelby , Mathew Preethy , Mortorano Cecilia , Inci Errol K. , Faaborg‐Andersen Christian , Mitchell Rae , Devireddy Chandan M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the safety, efficacy and feasibility of same‐day discharge after uncomplicated, minimalist TAVR.BackgroundAt the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic, we created a same‐day discharge (SDD) pathway after conscious sedation, transfemoral (minimalist) TAVR to help minimize risk of viral transmission and conserve hospital resources. Studies support that next‐day discharge (NDD) for carefully selected patients following minimalist TAVR is safe and feasible. There is a paucity of data regarding the safety of SDD after TAVR.MethodsIn‐hospital and 30 day outcomes of consecutive patients meeting pre‐specified criteria for SDD after minimalist TAVR at our institution between March and July of 2020 were reviewed. Outcomes were compared to a NDD cohort from July 2018 through July 2020 that would have met SDD criteria. Primary endpoints were mortality, delayed pacemaker placement, stroke and cardiovascular readmission at 30 days.ResultsTwenty nine patients were discharged via the SDD pathway after TAVR. 128 prior NDD patients were identified who met all criteria for SDD. The STS scores were similar between the two groups (SDD 2.6% ±1.5 vs. NDD 2.3% ± 1.2). There were no deaths at 30 days in either group. There was no significant difference in delayed pacemaker placement (SDD 0% vs. NDD 0.8%, p > .99) or cardiovascular readmission (SDD 0% vs. NDD 5.5%, p = .35) at 30 days.ConclusionsSame day discharge following uncomplicated, minimalist TAVR in selected patients appears to be safe, achieving similar 30 day outcomes as a cohort of next day discharge patients.
Photocatalytic Giese‐Type Reaction with Alkylsilicates Bearing C,O‐Bidentate Ligands
Authors: Morofuji Tatsuya , Matsui Yu , Ohno Misa , Ikarashi Gun , Kano Naokazu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHerein, a photocatalytic Giese‐type reaction with alkylsilicates bearing C,O‐bidentate ligands as stable alkyl radical precursors has been reported. The alkylsilicates were prepared in one step from organometallic reagents. Not only primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl radicals, but also elusive methyl radicals, could be generated by using the present reaction system. The generated radicals were trapped by electron‐deficient olefins bearing various functional groups to give the desired alkyl adducts. The silicon byproduct can be recovered after the photoreaction. The radical generation process was investigated by theoretical calculations, which provided an insight into the facile generation of methyl radicals from methylsilicate bearing C,O‐bidentate ligands.
Chromosome 2q gain and epigenetic silencing of GATA3 in microglandular adenosis of the breast
Authors: Radner Martin , van Luttikhuizen Jana Lisa , Bartels Stephan , Bublitz Janin , Grote Isabel , Rieger Luisa , Christgen Henriette , Stark Helge , Werlein Christopher , Lafos Marcel , Steinemann Doris , Lehmann Ulrich , Christgen Matthias , Kreipe Hans 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMicroglandular adenosis (MGA) represents a rare neoplasm of the mammary gland, which in a subset of cases may be associated with triple‐negative breast cancer (BC). The biology of MGA is poorly understood. In this study, eight MGA cases (n = 4 with and n = 4 without associated BC) were subjected to a comprehensive characterization using immunohistochemistry, genome‐wide DNA copy number (CN) profiling, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), next‐generation sequencing (NGS), and DNA methylation profiling using 850 K arrays and bisulfite pyrosequencing. Median patient age was 61 years (range 57–76 years). MGA lesions were estrogen receptor (ER)‐negative, progesterone receptor‐negative, HER2‐negative, and S100‐positive. DNA CN alterations (CNAs) were complex or limited to few gains and losses. CN gain on chromosome 2q was the most common CNA and was validated by FISH in five of eight cases. NGS demonstrated an average of two mutations per case (range 0–5) affecting 10 different genes (ARID1A, ATM, CTNNB1, FBXW7, FGFR2, MET, PIK3CA, PMS2, PTEN, and TP53). CNAs and mutations were similar in MGA and adjacent BC, indicating clonal relatedness. DNA methylation profiling identified aberrant hypermethylation of CpG sites within GATA3, a key transcription factor required for luminal differentiation. Immunohistochemistry showed regular GATA3 protein expression in the normal mammary epithelium and in ER‐positive BC. Conversely, GATA3 was reduced or lost in all MGA cases tested (8/8). In conclusion, MGA is characterized by common CN gain on chromosome 2q and loss of GATA3. Epigenetic inactivation of GATA3 may provide a new clue to the peculiar biology of this rare neoplasia.
Prognostic value of aerobic capacity and exercise oxygen pulse in postaortic dissection patients
Authors: Delsart Pascal , Delahaye Camille , Devos Patrick , Domanski Olivia , Azzaoui Richard , Sobocinski Jonathan , Juthier Francis , Vincentelli Andre , Rousse Natacha , Mugnier Agnes , Soquet Jerome , Loobuyck Valentin , Koussa Mohamed , Modine Thomas , Jegou Bruno , Bical Antoine , Hysi Ilir , Fabre Olivier , Pontana François , Matran Regis , Mounier‐Vehier Claire , Montaigne David 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough recommendations encourage daily moderate activities in post aortic dissection, very little data exists regarding cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) to personalize those patient's physical rehabilitation and assess their cardiovascular prognosis.DesignWe aimed at testing the prognostic insight of CPET regarding aortic and cardiovascular events by exploring a prospective cohort of patients followed‐up after acute aortic dissection.MethodsPatients referred to our department after an acute (type A or B) aortic dissection were prospectively included in a cohort between September 2012 and October 2017. CPET was performed once optimal blood pressure control was obtained. Clinical follow‐up was done after CPET for new aortic event and major cardio‐vascular events (MCE) not directly related to the aorta.ResultsAmong the 165 patients who underwent CPET, no adverse event was observed during exercise testing. Peak oxygen pulse was 1.46(1.22‐1.84) mlO2/beat, that is, 97 (83–113) % of its predicted value, suggesting cardiac exercise limitation in a population under beta blockers (92% of the population). During a follow‐up of 39(20‐51) months from CPET, 42 aortic event recurrences and 22 MCE not related to aorta occurred. Low peak oxygen pulse (<85% of predicted value) was independently predictive of aortic event recurrence, while low peak oxygen uptake (<70% of predicted value) was an independent predictor of MCE occurrence.ConclusionCPET is safe in postaortic dissection patients should be used to not only to personalize exercise rehabilitation, but also to identify those patients with the highest risk for new aortic events and MCE not directly related to aorta.
Switch‐1 instability at the active site decouples ATP hydrolysis from force generation in myosin II
Authors: Walker Benjamin C. , Walczak Claire E. , Cochran Jared C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMyosin active site elements (i.e., switch‐1) bind both ATP and a divalent metal to coordinate ATP hydrolysis. ATP hydrolysis at the active site is linked via allosteric communication to the actin polymer binding site and lever arm movement, thus coupling the free energy of ATP hydrolysis to force generation. How active site motifs are functionally linked to actin binding and the power stroke is still poorly understood. We hypothesize that destabilizing switch‐1 movement at the active site will negatively affect the tight coupling of the ATPase catalytic cycle to force production. Using a metal‐switch system, we tested the effect of interfering with switch‐1 coordination of the divalent metal cofactor on force generation. We found that while ATPase activity increased, motility was inhibited. Our results demonstrate that a single atom change that affects the switch‐1 interaction with the divalent metal directly affects actin binding and productive force generation. Even slight modification of the switch‐1 divalent metal coordination can decouple ATP hydrolysis from motility. Switch‐1 movement is therefore critical for both structural communication with the actin binding site, as well as coupling the energy of ATP hydrolysis to force generation.
Exploring Viral Interference Using Peptides: Molecular Determinants of HIV‐1 Inhibition by a Peptide Derived from Human Pegivirus‐1 Envelope Protein E2
Authors: Hoffmann Rebecca , Ruegamer Tamara , Schaubächer Johanna , Rohrhofer Anette , Kirmeß Peter , Fiebig Karen M. , Schmidt Barbara , Eichler Jutta 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCo‐infection with the human pegivirus 1 (HPgV‐1) often has a beneficial effect on disease progression in HIV‐1‐infected individuals. Several HPgV‐1 proteins and peptides, including a 20‐mer peptide (P6‐2) derived from the N‐terminal region of the HPgV‐1 surface protein E2, have been associated with this phenomenon, which is referred to as viral interference. We identified the cysteine residues, the hydrophobic core tetrapeptide, as well as the C‐terminal negative charge as key factors for the HIV‐1 inhibitory activity of P6‐2. Analysis of mutations in P6‐2‐resistant HIV‐1 indicated a binding site for the peptide in the HIV‐1 envelope glycoprotein gp120. In fact, P6‐2 was shown to bind to soluble gp120, as well as to a peptide presenting the gp120 V3 loop. Furthermore, the HIV‐1 inhibitory activity of P6‐2 could be revoked by the V3 loop peptide, thus indicating a molecular mechanism that involves interaction of P6‐2 with the gp120 V3 loop.
Electrical Double‐Layer Capacitors Based on a Ternary Ionic Liquid Electrolyte Operating at Low Temperature with Realistic Gravimetric and Volumetric Energy Outputs
Authors: Yambou Emmanuel Pameté , Gorska Barbara , Béguin François 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report on electrical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs) performing effectively at low temperature (down to −40 °C), owing to the tuned characteristics of both the ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte and carbonaceous electrodes. The transport properties of the electrolyte have been enhanced by adding a low‐viscosity IL with the tetracyanoborate anion, [EMIm][TCB], to a mixture of [EMIm][FSI] with [EMIm][BF4], which was already successfully applied for this application. The formulated ternary electrolyte, [EMIm][FSI]0.6[BF4]0.1[TCB]0.3, remained in the liquid state until it reached the glass transition at −99 °C and displayed a relatively low viscosity and high conductivity (η=23.6 mP s and σ=14.2 mS cm−1 at 20 °C, respectively). The electrodes were made of a hierarchical SiO2‐templated carbon with well‐defined and uniform mesopores of ∼9 nm facilitating ion transport to the interconnected micropores accounted for the charge storage, whereas the high density of the electrodes promoted high volumetric energy outputs of the cells.
CD73 alleviates GSDMD‐mediated microglia pyroptosis in spinal cord injury through PI3K/AKT/Foxo1 signaling
Authors: Xu Shun , Wang Jin , Zhong Junjie , Shao Minghao , Jiang Jianyuan , Song Jian , Zhu Wei , Zhang Fan , Xu Haocheng , Xu Guangyu , Zhang Yuxuan , Ma Xiaosheng , Lyu Feizhou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeuroinflammation‐induced secondary injury is an important cause of sustained progression of spinal cord injury. Inflammatory programmed cell death pyroptosis executed by the pore‐forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) is an essential step of neuroinflammation. However, it is unclear whether CD73, a widely accepted immunosuppressive molecule, can inhibit pyroptosis via mediating GSDMD.MethodsC57BL/6J CD73 deficient mice and wild‐type mice, Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced primary microglia and BV2 cells were respectively used to illustrate the effect of CD73 on microglia pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. A combination of molecular and histological methods was performed to assess pyroptosis and explore the mechanism both in vivo and in vitro.ResultsWe have shown molecular evidence for CD73 suppresses the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome complexes to reduce the maturation of GSDMD, leading to decreased pyroptosis in microglia. Further analysis reveals that adenosine‐A2B adenosine receptor‐PI3K‐AKT‐Foxo1 cascade is a possible mechanism of CD73 regulation. Importantly, we determine that CD73 inhibits the expression of GSDMD at the transcriptional level through Foxo1. What's more, we confirm the accumulation of HIF‐1α promotes the overexpression of CD73 after spinal cord injury (SCI), and the increased CD73 in turn upregulates the expression of HIF‐1α, eventually forming a positive feedback regulatory loop.ConclusionOur data reveal a novel function of CD73 on microglia pyroptosis, suggesting a unique therapeutic opportunity for mitigating the disease process in SCI.
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and trauma‐informed care in higher levels of care for eating disorders
Authors: Rienecke Renee D. , Blalock Dan V. , Duffy Alan , Manwaring Jamie , Le Grange Daniel , Johnson Craig , Mehler Philip S. , McClanahan Susan F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was to examine the prevalence and trajectory of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among patients with eating disorders (EDs) in higher level of ED care with trauma‐informed components, but without a formal evidence‐based trauma intervention.MethodParticipants were 613 adults diagnosed with EDs receiving treatment at inpatient, residential, or partial hospitalization levels of care. Participants completed the PTSD Checklist‐5 (PCL‐5) at admission and discharge.ResultsOver half of patients scored above the cutoff of 33 on the PCL‐5 at admission, suggestive of PTSD symptoms characteristic of a formal PTSD diagnosis. The average PCL‐5 score significantly decreased for every ED diagnostic category, and there was a significant reduction in the proportion of patients above the PCL‐5 cutoff score at discharge. PCL‐5 subscales measuring PTSD criteria B (intrusions) and C (avoidance) improved with modest effect sizes, whereas PCL‐5 subscales D (negative alterations in cognitions and mood) and E (alterations in arousal and reactivity) improved with larger effect sizes.DiscussionPTSD symptoms are prevalent among patients with EDs seeking higher levels of care. Despite not offering evidence‐based trauma‐specific interventions, PTSD symptoms decreased over the course of treatment. However, improvements cannot definitely be attributed to trauma‐informed care.
The clash of culture and cuisine: A qualitative exploration of cultural tensions and attitudes toward food and body in Chinese young adult women
Authors: Ng Stephanie , Liu Yining , Gaither Sarah , Marsan Samuel , Zucker Nancy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveAccumulating evidence suggests that the prevalence of eating disorders among Chinese women is a public health concern. Prior studies have drawn linkages between conflicting cultural values, identity confusion, and eating disorder symptomatology, which may be relevant for understanding the rise of eating disorders amidst China's rapid economic and sociocultural transformation. Here, we explore how women's experiences with traditional eating norms and modernizing norms of femininity may shape their food and body attitudes.MethodChinese young adult women (N = 34; aged 18–22 years) participated in semi‐structured interviews focusing on experiences with norms surrounding eating and ideal feminine appearance, perceived conflict between these norms, and their responses to perceived conflict. Interviews were conducted via email (n = 27) or via Skype (n = 7). Participants were not asked about past or present diagnoses of eating disorders. Analysis of responses was guided by the principles of thematic analysis.ResultsWomen reported encounters with cultural eating norms and feminine appearance norms, and described factors that motivated continued or discontinued adherence to these norms. Women reported strategies of conflict resolution, which resulted in different emotional and behavioral outcomes including eating disorder symptoms.DiscussionWomen's experiences with norms surrounding eating and appearance indicate the centrality of these encounters in the formation of individual and interpersonal values. Our findings suggest the importance for clinicians to assist clients in exploring the meanings behind internalized attitudes toward food and body, and to help clients balance interpersonal and individual needs.
Investigating life‐history traits of Steller sea lions with multistate hidden Markov mark–recapture models: Age at weaning and body size effects
Authors: Hastings Kelly K. , Johnson Devin S. , Pendleton Grey W. , Fadely Brian S. , Gelatt Thomas S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe duration of offspring care is critical to female fitness and population resilience by allowing flexibility in life‐history strategies in a variable environment. Yet, for many mammals capable of extended periods of maternal care, estimates of the duration of offspring dependency are not available and the relative importance of flexibility of this trait on fitness and population viability has rarely been examined. We used data from 4,447 Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus from the Gulf of Alaska and multistate hidden Markov mark–recapture models to estimate age‐specific weaning probabilities. Maternal care beyond age 1 was common: Weaning was later for animals from Southeast Alaska (SEAK) and Prince William Sound (PWS, weaning probabilities: 0.536–0.648/0.784–0.873 by age 1/2) compared with animals born to the west (0.714–0.855/0.798–0.938). SEAK/PWS animals were also smaller than those born farther west, suggesting a possible link. Females weaned slightly earlier (+0.080 at age 1 and 2) compared with males in SEAK only. Poor survival for weaned versus unweaned yearlings occurred in southern SEAK (female survival probabilities: 0.609 vs. 0.792) and the central Gulf (0.667 vs. 0.901), suggesting poor conditions for juveniles in these areas. First‐year survival increased with neonatal body mass (NBM) linearly in the Gulf and nonlinearly in SEAK. The probability of weaning at age 1 increased linearly with NBM for SEAK animals only. Rookeries where juveniles weaned at earlier ages had lower adult female survival, but age at weaning was unrelated to population trends. Our results suggest the time to weaning may be optimized for different habitats based on long‐term average conditions (e.g., prey dynamics), that may also shape body size, with limited short‐term plasticity. An apparent trade‐off of adult survival in favor of juvenile survival and large offspring size in the endangered Gulf of Alaska population requires further study.
Decreasing brain iron in multiple sclerosis: The difference between concentration and content in iron MRI
Authors: Schweser Ferdinand , Hagemeier Jesper , Dwyer Michael G , Bergsland Niels , Hametner Simon , Weinstock‐Guttman Bianca , Zivadinov Robert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIncreased brain iron concentration is often reported concurrently with disease development in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is unclear whether the higher iron concentration in patients stems from an influx of iron into the tissue or a relative reduction in tissue compartments without much iron. By taking into account structural volume, we investigated tissue iron content in the deep gray matter (DGM) over 2 years, and compared findings to previously reported changes in iron concentration. 120 MS patients and 40 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls were included. Clinical testing and MRI were performed both at baseline and after 2 years. Overall, iron content was calculated from structural MRI and quantitative susceptibility mapping in the thalamus, caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus. MS patients had significantly lower iron content than controls in the thalamus, with progressive MS patients demonstrating lower iron content than relapsing–remitting patients. Over 2 years, iron content decreased in the DGM of patients with MS, while it tended to increase or remain stable among controls. In the thalamus, decreasing iron content over 2 years was associated with disability progression. Our study showed that temporally increasing magnetic susceptibility in MS should not be considered as evidence for iron influx because it may be explained, at least partially, by disease‐related atrophy. Declining DGM iron content suggests that, contrary to the current understanding, iron is being removed from the DGM in patients with MS.
Sustaining environmental flows in water‐deficient rivers via inter‐basin hydropower transfer
Authors: Gao Ting , Liu Hongrui , Sun Yuanyuan , Zhang Enze 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn water‐deficient rivers, environmental flows (e‐flows) are usually sustained via inter‐basin water transfer projects from water‐sufficient rivers, but these projects incur tremendous costs and may lead to many negative ecological effects, such as ecological invasion. This research proposed to transfer hydropower instead of water from water‐sufficient rivers, because hydropower could substitute for water to promote economic development and reduce water withdrawal from water‐deficient rivers (conserved water). In addition, based on the analysis of eco‐hydrological processes, the flow regime alteration plays an important role in restoring riverine ecosystem. With the goal of minimum flow regime alternation, we set up two scenarios to distribute the annual conserved water, and determined the optimal amount of transferred hydropower and the optimal use of conserved water, which could effectively sustain the e‐flows. Accordingly, this paper established a computable general equilibrium model to analyse the substitution of hydropower for water in a water‐deficient river basin, and determined the water withdrawal volume that could be reduced. We adopted a range‐of‐variability approach to measure the degree of flow regime alteration, and optimized the flow regime management scheme. The Luanhe River Basin was adopted as a study case. The results showed that: the water‐hydropower equivalent decreased as the transferred hydropower into the Luanhe River Basin increased; a transferred hydropower amount of 22.46 kWh/s, equivalent to 18.30 m3/s conserved water, was optimal for the river basin; the conserved water should be distributed to the Luanhe River in the proportions of 0.55:0.1:0.35 during the wet, normal and dry seasons, respectively, which is the optimal scheme to sustain the hydrological processes of the river.