bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dual HDAC-PI3K inhibitor CUDC-907 displays single-agent activity and synergizes with PARP inhibitor olaparib in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ma Liying , Bian Xing , Lin Wenchu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a deadly neuroendocrine tumor with limited therapeutic options. Recent data suggest that histone deacetylases (HDACs) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway play essential roles in SCLC cell proliferation and survival.Methods: The inhibition of the PI3K signaling and HDAC activity by CUDC-907 was analysized by western bloting. The effect of CUDC-907 on olaprib-induced DNA damage response was assessed by western blotting and Immunofluorescence staining. The cytotoxcity of CUDC-907 alone or in combination with olaparib in a panel of SCLC cell lines were evaluated by the CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay and flow cytometry. The in vivo effects of CUDC-907 and Olaparib alone or in combination were examined using a patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model of SCLC.Results: CUDC-907 treatment downregulated MYC paralogs and FOXM1, induced G1 cell-cycle arrest, and impaired DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair capacity in SCLC cells, which produced a potent antiproliferative effect. Furthermore, we showed that CUDC-907 treatment enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of PARP inhibitor olaparib in SCLC cellular models and a PDX model. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that CUDC-907 synergized with olaparib through the blockade of DSB repair pathways and downregulation of MYC paralogs and FoxM1.Conclusions: Our study uncovers that dual PI3K and HDAC inhibition by CUDC-907 exerts significant single-agent activity and strong synergistic effects with PARP inhibitor olaparib in SCLC, which thus provides a rational combination treatment strategy for SCLC clinical investigation.
Evaluation of the frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms and liver test disorder in patients during the Covid-19 outbreak in the Military Unit: A single-center pilot study.
Authors: Avci Enver , Akhan Onur , Ardahanli Isa , oztas Erkin , Disibeyaz Selcuk 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough Covid-19 is often a disease presenting with respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms can also be seen. Also, there may be disruptions in liver enzyme during the disease. In our study, we aimed to investigate the extent of the military co-epidemic during the Covid-19 epidemic process and the frequency of GI symptoms and liver test disorders.MethodsThe demographic, radiological, laboratory, and clinical analysis of the soldiers diagnosed Covid-19 with real-time polymerase chain reaction, was carried out retrospectively in March, April, and May of 2020.ResultsCovid-19 was detected in 17 (0.7%) of the 2152 soldiers coming from different cities to perform their military service, in the following days after being recruited, in 9 (0.4%) of the soldiers. While 1 (0.3%) of 320 senior military and 2 (3.6%) soldiers from 56 other soldiers who came to the unit from other units were also diagnosed with Covid-19.The mean age was 21.2 ± 1.8. In Torax CT, only 4 (13.7%) patients had pneumonia. At the time of diagnosis, 6.8% of the patients had GI symptoms and 13.7% of them had liver enzyme disruption. None of the patients experienced respiratory failure, intensive care, and death, and all patients recovered.Conclusion﻿In the literature, our study is the first study to investigate the Covid-19 outbreak in the military unit in the world and the frequency of GI symptoms and liver enzyme disruptions in these patients. In our study, Covid-19 was milder in the young population and we found that GI symptom and liver test disorder were observed less frequently. Covid-19 outbreak can be taken under control by fast and accurate triage and suitable isolation for those with suspected disease, in environments where many people such as military units will live close together. Especially in patients with GI symptoms, Covid-19 should always be kept in mind and early isolation of patients can prevent the spread of the epidemic in such crowded environments.
Efficacy Study of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Single-bundle Reconstruction with Anterior Half of the Peroneus Longus Tendon Autograft for Treatment of Recurrent Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Zha Junjun , Zhang Tianwei , Cai E , Tang Ju 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background To report the clinical outcomes of a longitudinal patellar tunnel technique in reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament(MPFL) with anterior half of the peroneus longus tendon autograft treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation.Methods From May 2010 to January 2019, we performed MPFL reconstruction with anterior half of the peroneus longus tendon autograft by using a longitudinal patellar tunnel technique on 48 knees in 45 patients(26 female, 19 male) with the median age was 24 (17 ~ 44) years old with recurrent patellar dislocation. We made one 4. 5 mm channel from the medial upper edge of the patella to the surface (medial half) of the patella so that to introduce autograft into the medial femoral channel. The autograft was fixed with absorbable screws with the knee bent at 30°. CT and X-rays were used to assess the correction of the tibia tuberosity- trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, patellar tilt angle, Caton-Deschamps index, femoral anteversion angle, tibial extorsion angle, and the presence or absence of knee valgus. Subjective scores, such as Kujala score and Lysholm score, were used to evaluate knee function preoperatively and postoperatively.Results No recurrence of patellar dislocation occurred in these patients during an average of 25 ± 7.6 months (range, 6 to 54 months) of follow-up. Preoperative TT-TG distance, patellar tilt angles, and Caton-Deschamps index was (18.9 ± 5.7)mm(10.2mm ~ 32.4 mm),31.5°±13.7° (20.3°~58.4°),1.1 ± 0.2 (1.0 ~ 1.5), respectively, which were corrected by (10.8 ± 4.3) mm (4.5 mm ~ 17.1 mm), 10.7°±2.6° (5.6°~15.3°), and 1.07 ± 0.06 (1.02 ~ 1.15) postoperatively(P < 0.05). 28 knees were treated with lateral release + MPFL reconstruction; 11 knees were treated with lateral release + tibial tubercle ingression + MPFL reconstruction; 9 knees were treated with lateral release + tibial tubercle ingression and depression + MPFL reconstruction. At the last follow-up, Lysholm score was (89.7 ± 2.3), which significantly improved (P < 0.05) compared with the pre-operational score of (54.4 ± 5.9); Kujala score was (91.5 ± 4.4) points, which significantly improved (P < 0.05) compared with the pre-operational score of (60.6 ± 5.8).Conclusion One patellar tunnels in reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) with anterior half of the peroneus longus tendon autograft is a safe, effective, and economic method for recurrent patellar dislocation.
Numerical study on the influence of initial ambient temperature on the aerodynamic heating in the tube train system
Authors: Bao Shijie , Hu Xiao , Wang Jukun , Rao Yingyu , Deng Zigang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The evacuated tube transportation has great potential in the future because of its advantages of energy saving and environmental protection. The train runs in the closed tube at ultra-high speed. Because the heat quantity generated by aerodynamic heating is not easy to spread to external environment and will be accumulate in the tube, the phenomenon that the ambient temperature in the tube will gradually rise will be induced. In this paper, a three-dimensional geometric model and the Shear Stress Transport (SST) κ-ω turbulence model are used to study the influence of initial ambient temperature on the structure of the flow field in the tube. Simulation results show that when the train runs at transonic speed, the supersonic flow region with low temperature and low-pressure is produced in the wake. The structure of the flow field of the wake will change with the initial ambient temperature. And the higher the initial ambient temperature, the shorter the low temperature region in the wake. Considering that the larger temperature difference caused by the low temperature region may increase the temperature stress of the tube and affect the equipment inside the tube. Consequently, the temperature inside the tube can be maintained at a reasonable value to reduce the influence of the low temperature region in the wake on the system.
Hemodynamic Effects of Concentric and Eccentric Outflow Graft of LVADs on the Aortic Valve
Authors: Song Zhiming , Zhang Lufeng , Ding Yagang , Wan Qing , Feng Yunzhen , Wang Heqing , Fan Guoliang , Zhang Yangyang , Wan Feng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Aortic valve disease is a common complication of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support. Optimizing the outflow graft anastomotic type of LVADs might be an alternative that can reduce this complication. However, the effect of this type of LVAD on the biomechanical states of the aortic valve remains unclear.Methods: In this study, a finite element-smoothed particle hydrodynamics-coupled model was established. Two kinds of anastomotic types (concentric and eccentric graft cases) were designed.Results: The anastomotic type could significantly affect the biomechanical states of the aortic valve. During the opening phase, the motion, deformation, and biomechanical states of the leaflet in both cases were similar to each other. The axial hemodynamic force (AHF) imposed on the leaflet in the eccentric graft case (0.9 N) was slightly larger than that in the concentric graft case (0.3 N). During the closing phase, the rapid closing time of the leaflet in the eccentric graft case (40 ms) was longer than that in the concentric graft case (15 ms). In addition, the peak value of the AHF in the concentric graft case was much larger (13 N) than that in the eccentric graft case (4.5 N). The oscillation of the AHF was observed only in the concentric graft case.Conclusions: The eccentric graft could lead to better biomechanical and hemodynamic states of the aortic valve than the concentric graft.
Effects of trees, gardens, and trails on heat index and child health: Design and methods of the Green Schoolyards Project
Authors: Lanza Kevin , Alcazar Melody , Hoelscher Deanna M. , Kohl III Harold W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Low-income Latinx children in the United States are vulnerable to nature-deficit disorder, heat-related illness, and physical inactivity. We developed the Green Schoolyards Project to investigate how green features—trees, gardens, and nature trails—in school parks impact heat index (i.e., air temperature and relative humidity) within parks, and physical activity levels and socioemotional well-being of these children. Herein, we present baseline results of this project and its novel methods for a) observing children’s interaction with green features and b) measuring heat index and children’s behaviors in a natural setting.Methods: During two September weeks (high temperature) and one November week (moderate temperature) in 2019, we examined three joint-use elementary school parks in Central Texas, United States, serving predominantly low-income Latinx families. To develop thermal profiles for each park, we installed 10 air temperature/relative humidity sensors per park, selecting sites based on land cover, land use, and even spatial coverage. We measured green features within a geographic information system. In a cross-sectional study, we used an adapted version of System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) to assess children’s physical activity levels and interactions with green features. In a cohort study, we equipped 30 3rd and 30 4th grade students per school during recess with accelerometers and Global Positioning System devices, and surveyed these students regarding their connection to nature. Baseline analyses included inverse distance weighting for thermal profiles and summing observed counts of children interacting with trees.Results: In September 2019, average daily heat index ranged 2.0°F among park sites, and maximum daily heat index ranged from 103.4°F (air temperature = 33.8°C; relative humidity = 55.2%) under tree canopy to 114.1°F (air temperature = 37.9°C; relative humidity = 45.2%) on an unshaded playground. 10.8% more girls and 25.4% more boys interacted with trees in September than in November.Conclusions: We found extreme heat conditions at select sites within parks, and children positioning themselves under trees during periods of high heat index. These methods can be used by public health researchers and practitioners to inform the redesign of greenspaces in the face of climate change and health inequities.
Investigating the Associations Between Intimate Partner Violence and Nutritional Status of Women in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mukamana Jeanette , Machakanja Pamela , Zeeb Hajo , Yaya Sanni , Adjei Nicholas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and poor nutritional status are growing health problems in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Moreover, violence against women has been shown to be associated with poor nutrition. This study investigated the relationship between IPV and nutritional status (i.e., underweight, overweight, and obesity) among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in Zimbabwe.
Methods

Pooled data from the 2005/2006, 2010/2011, and 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic Health Surveys (ZDHS) on 13,008 married/cohabiting women were analysed. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between the various forms of IPV and the nutritional status of women. We further estimated the prevalence of BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 (overweight and obesity) by intimate partner violence type.
Results

The mean BMI of women was 24.3 kg/m2, more than one-fifth (24%) were overweight and about 12% were obese. Forty-three percent (43%) of women reported to have ever experienced at least one form of intimate partner violence. More than one-third (35%) of women who reported to have ever experienced at least one form of intimate partner violence had a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 (p < 0.01). Relative to normal weight, women who had ever experienced at least one form of IPV (i.e., physical, emotional, or sexual) were more likely to be obese (aOR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.05–6.39). Women’s exposure to any form of intimate partner violence was not significantly associated with the likelihood of being underweight or overweight relative to normal weight.
Conclusions

The study findings showed that women of reproductive age in Zimbabwe are at high risk of both IPV and excess weight. Moreover, we found a positive relationship between IPV and obesity. Public health interventions that target the well-being, empowerment, and development of women are needed to address the complex issue of IPV and adverse health outcomes, including obesity.
Diameter and collapse index of inferior vena cava as a clinical indicator of resuscitation for critically ill hypotensive patients
Authors: Mun Seongpyo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose The role of diameter and collapse index of inferior vena cava (DCIIVC) in reflecting intravascular volume status and fluid responsiveness remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of DCIIVC as a clinical indicator for fluid resuscitation (FR) in critically ill hypotensive patients.Methods This retrospective study enrolled hypotensive patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) between May 2018 and April 2019. Between May and October 2018, fluid therapy was conducted by a physician’s decision (non-DCIIVC group, 32 patients). Between November 2018 and April 2019, DCIIVC was used as a guide (DCIIVC group, 30 patients). Clinical outcomes of the two periods were compared.Results Total amount of fluid intake (TAFI) of non-DCIIVC and DCIIVC group in 24 h was 4,130 and 3,560, respectively (p < 0.05). TAFI in 48 h was 8,420 and 6,910, respectively (p < 0.01). Lactate levels at admission, 24 and 48 h after admission were 4.1 vs 3.8, 3.2 vs 3.1, and 1.9 vs 2.1 mmol/L, respectively. Mean duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, and hospital stay were 4.1 vs 4.5, 7.2 vs 6.3, and 18.1 vs 17.2, respectively. Overall mortality was 16.7% vs 13.3%. There was no significant difference in any other characteristic except TAFI.Conclusion DCIIVC can be used as a tool for indicating FR in critically ill hypotensive patients. This can help physicians infuse fluid restrictively, without adverse outcomes.
Efficiency of an integrated process of electrooxidation and anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge
Authors: Barrios José Antonio , Cano Anaid , Rivera Fernando F. , Cisneros Margarita E. , Durán Ulises 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Most of the organic content of waste activated sludge (WAS) comprises microbial cells hard to degrade, which must be pre-treated for the energy recovery by anaerobic digestion (AD). Electrooxidation pre-treatment (EOP) with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode have been considered a promising novel technology that increase hydrolysis rate, by the disintegrating cell walls from WAS. Although electrochemical oxidation could efficiently solubilise organic substances of macromolecules, limited reports are available on EOP of WAS for improving AD. In this endeavour, the mathematical optimization study and the energy analysis of the effect of current density (CD) during EOP and the initial total solids concentration [TS] from WAS on methane (CH4) production by AD was investigated.
Results
In the present work, biogas production from WAS conversion are comprehensively affected by CD and [TS]. The highest COD and VS removal by 60 and 39% respectively, were achieved with WAS at 3% of [TS] pre-treated at CD of 24.1 mA/cm2, and with a maximum CH4 production of 305 N-L/kg VS and a positive energy balance of 0.83 kWh/kg VS. Therefore, the low current densities used in boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode are adequate to produce the strong oxidant ●OH radical on the electrode surface, allow the oxidation of organic compounds that favours the solubilization of COD from WAS.
Conclusions
The improvement of VS removal indicates that EOP help to disintegrating cell walls from WAS. This allows a decomposition reaction that leads to biodegrade more compounds during AD. The energy balance was positive, suggesting that even without any optimization the energy used as electricity could be approximately recovered as energy from the increased methane production. However, this kind of analysis have not been sufficiently studied so far, therefore, is important to understand how critical parameters can influence the pre-treatment and AD performances. The current study highlights that the mathematical optimization and energy analysis can get the whole process more convenient and feasible.
HLA-DR regulates macrophage phenotypic transformation and affects malignant behavior in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Jiang Fen , Xie Yu Fang , Liang Wei Hua , Zhang Hai Jun , Wang Xue Li , Liu Ji Hong , Liu Kai , Jiang Xian Li , Jiang Chen Hao , Yuan Xin , Zhang An Zhi , Pang Li Juan , Cui Xiao Bin , Yang Lan , Liu Chun Xia , Gu Wen Yi , Li Feng , Hu Jian Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important immune cell component of the tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of TAMs phenotype transformation and the role in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods Co-culture conditions were employed to determine the phenotypic effects of TAMs on ESCC cell biological behavior. Tumor metastasis related molecules VEGF-C and MMP-9 produced by TAMs was evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blot. Expression of HLA-DR was knocked down in TAMs in vitro to determine the effects on macrophage polarization and the biological behavior of ESCC. We determined whether co-injection with M2 TAMs and macrophages depletion affected tumor growth in vivo tumor challenge model. Associations between HLA-DR, TAM density, and clinical outcomes were evaluated in patients with ESCC.Results TAMs in ESCC samples were found to closely reflect the M2 phenotype of TAMs, and exhibited low expression of HLA-DR. Which was involved in ESCC tumor invasion and metastasis. Low expression of HLA-DR positively correlated with high-density of M2 TAMs, indicating high invasiveness and poor prognosis in patients with ESCC. Downregulation of HLA-DR in TAMs led to additional M2-type TAM polarization and more VEGF-C and MMP-9 secretion, promoted the malignant transformation of ESCC.Conclusions These results demonstrate that downregulation of HLA-DR promote the transformation of M2 TAMs, and participate in the invasion and metastasis of ESCC.
NUSAP1 and KIAA0101 downregulation by neo-adjuvant therapy is associated with better outcome and survival in breast cancer.
Authors: Magallanes-Garza Gerardo I. , Santuario-Facio Sandra K. , Varela-Varela Arlina F. , Cardona-Huerta Servando , Ruiz-Flores Pablo , Haro-Santa-Cruz Jorge , Perez-Paramo Yadira X. , Gomez-Macias Gabriela S. , Davila-Gonzalez Daniel , Valero-Gomez Javier , Borreo-Soto Gissela , Rojas-Martinez Augusto , Ortiz-Lopez Rocio 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies of molecular changes occurring before and after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for breast cancer may unveil genetic biomarkers to predict therapy response. This study aimed at identifying genomic changes in breast primary tumors of patients under NCT. Gene expression changes were correlated with pathological response and survival.Methods: Gene expression profiles in tissue samples from pre and post NCT were obtained by a non-supervised classification analysis. Thirty-nine patients were classified according to their response to the chemotherapy as pathologic complete responders or non-responders (pCR and no-pCR, respectively). Overall survival was assessed by comparing gene expression values before NCT using the Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. Results: A signature constituted by 43 genes was obtained to stratify pCR and no-pCR patients after NCT (FC = + 3, FDR p -value < 0.0298). These genes were involved in regulation of the mitotic nuclear division and the anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process. Remarkably, over-expression of NUSAP1 and KIAA0101 were associated to poor overall survival. Conclusions: A new expression signature evaluating response for the neo-adjuvant chemotherapy stratified pathological response. The expression levels of NUSAP1 and KIAA0101 before and after the neo-adjuvant therapy may be useful to predict overall survival.
Relationship of common variants in WWOX gene with susceptibility and prognosis of Prostate cancer
Authors: Chen Song , Tang Yuzhe , Xiao Bo , Hu Weiguo , Wang Qiang , Liu Yubao , Su Boxing , Fu Meng , Li Jianxing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The aim of the study was to determine the expression of WW domain containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and to evaluate the correlation of WWOX expression and patients survival.
Methods

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to detect the WWOX expression. Chi-square test was adopted to evaluate the relationship between WWOX expression and clinical features of PCa patients. In addition, Kaplan-Meier curve was made to estimate the survival rate of PCa patients. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the statistical significance between WWOX expression and prognosis of PCa patients.
Results

WWOX was weakly expressed in PCa tissues compared to the paired normal tissues by IHC. WWOX expression was tightly associated with Gleason score, PSA and clinical staging (P < 0.05), but has no relationship with age, tumor column, distant metastasis and ALP (P > 0.05). Survival curve demonstrated that patients with negative WWOX expression had lower survival rate. Finally, Cox analysis illustrated that WWOX was related with the prognosis of PCa patients (P = 0.001, HR = 4.605, 95% CI = 1.814–11.690).
Conclusion

In short, the present study showed strong evidence that WWOX could act as an indicator for prognosis of PCa patients.