bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Successful Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Real World
Authors: Gong Xuhe , Zhou Li , Ding Xiaosong , Chen Hui , Li Hongwei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are an important and increasingly recognized subgroup of coronary lesions; the optimal treatment strategy for CTO has not been well established. We sought to examine the impact of CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on long-term clinical outcome in the real world.Methods: A total of 592 consecutive patients with CTO in Beijing Friendship Hospital from June 2017 to December 2019 were enrolled. 29 patients were excluded due to Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), 301 patients were revascularized by PCI (CTO-R group) and 262 were not revascularized (CTO-NR group). The primary endpoint was cardiac death; Secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), a composite of all-cause death, cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, re-hospitalization, heart failure, and stroke. Results: Percent of Diabetes mellitus (53.4% vs 39.5), Chronic kidney disease (8.8% vs 3.7%), CABG history (7.6% vs 1%), three vessel disease(96.2% vs 90%) and LM disease(25.2% vs 13.6%) was significantly higher in the CTO-NR group than in success PCI group (all P<0.05). Moreover, the CTO-NR group has lower EF (0.58±0.11 vs 0.61±0.1, p=0.002) and FS (0.32±0.07 vs 0.33±0.07, p=0.003). At a median follow-up of 12 months, CTO-R was superior to CTO-NR in terms of cardiac death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 0.32, 95% conference interval [CI] 0.11-0.94). The superiority of CTO-R was consistent for MACCE (HR: 0.57, 95% CI 0.37-0.87). At multivariable Cox hazards regression analysis, CTO-R remains one of the independent predictors of lower risk of cardiac death and MACCE.Conclusions: Successful revascularization by PCI offered CTO patients more clinical benefits. The presence of LVEF＜0.5 and LM-disease was associated with an incidence of cardiac death; CTO revascularised was a protected predictor of cardiac death.
Outbreak of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15 strains in a Chinese tertiary hospital: resistance and virulence analyses
Authors: Huang Jiansheng , Chen Xiuying , Zhao Yunan , Shi Yang , Ding Hui , Xv Jianfen , Zhao Xinmi , Wu Rongzhen , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a major cause of clinical infection. However, KPC-producing K. pneumoniae ST15 strains are occasionally identified and have never been reported to cause hospital outbreaks in China.
Methods
In this study, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were used to characterize 32 KPC-producing K. pneumoniae ST15 strains, which were collected at a Chinese tertiary hospital. Susceptibilities, resistance genes, virulence factors and clinical performances of the ST15 strains were comparatively analysed with corresponding ST11 strains.
Results
The ST15 strains were distributed in 7 wards, mainly in the intensive care unit (ICU, 24/32, 75%). PFGE results from 24 strains covering all the wards presented a similarity of more than 92%, indicating clonal spread. In 84% of the ST15 strains, the imipenem (IPM) and meropenem (MEM) minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were ≤ 8 and ≤ 16 µg/mL, respectively, both of which were 4-fold lower than those of the ST11 strains. The infection rates of the ST15 and ST11 strains were 28.1% and 43.9%, respectively (P = 0.018). PCR evaluation and WGS indicated that all the CRKP strains shared a 100% identical blaKPC−2 genetic structure, though a synonymous mutation and a Gly115-Asp116 (GD) insertion in the OmpK36 were identified in the ST15 and ST11 strains, respectively. None of the ST15 strains were positive for hypervirulence factors; however, the positive rate was 92.7% (38/41) in the ST11 isolates.
Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of nosocomial outbreaks caused by KPC-producing K. pneumoniae ST15 strains in China. The ST15 strains had low carbapenem resistance and virulence, emphasizing the importance of careful evaluation of phenotypic and genetic characteristics for anti-infection therapy.
Sexual Health and COVID-19: Protocol for a Living Scoping Review
Authors: Kumar Navin , Janmohamed Kamila , Nyhan Kate , Forastiere Laura , Zhang Wei-Hong , Kågesten Anna , Uhlich Maximiliane , de Velde Sarah M Van , Francis Joel M , Erasquin Jennifer Toller , Larrson Elin C , Callander Denton , Scott John , Minichiello Victor , Tucker Joseph D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have exposed and exacerbated existing socioeconomic and health inequities that disproportionately affect the sexual health and well-being of many populations, including people of color, ethnic minority groups, women, and sexual and gender minority populations. Although there have been several reviews published on COVID-19 and health disparities across various populations, none have focused on sexual health. We plan to conduct a scoping review that seeks to fill several of the gaps in the current knowledge of sexual health in the COVID-19 era and facilitate multi-country comparisons.Methods: A scoping review focusing on sexual health and COVID-19 will be conducted. Multiple bibliographic databases will be searched. Study selection will conform to Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2015 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. Data will be used to inform multi-country comparisons.Results: N/AConclusions: Original research is urgently needed to mitigate the risks of COVID-19 on sexual health. The planned scoping review will help to address this gap and contribute to multi-country comparisons as part of the I-SHARE network.Systematic Review registrations: N/A
Peer victimisation during adolescence and its impact on wellbeing in adulthood: A prospective cohort study.
Authors: Armitage Jessica M , Wang R. Adele H , Davis Oliver S. P. , Bowes Lucy , Haworth Claire M. A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Peer victimisation is a common occurrence in schools and has well-established links with a range of psychiatric problems in adulthood. Significantly less is known however, about how victimisation influences positive aspects of mental health such as wellbeing. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess for the first time, whether peer victimisation in adolescence is associated with adult wellbeing. We aimed to understand whether individuals who avoid a diagnosis of depression after victimisation, maintain good wellbeing in later life, and therefore display resilience.Methods: Longitudinal data was taken from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a prospective cohort study based in the UK. Peer victimisation was assessed at 13 years using a modified version of the bullying and friendship interview schedule, and wellbeing at age 23 using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale. The presence or absence of depression was diagnosed using the Clinical Interview Schedule–Revised at 18 years. A series of logistic and linear regression analyses were used to explore relationships between peer victimisation, depression, and wellbeing, adjusting for potentially confounding individual and family factors. Results: Just over 15% of victims of frequent bullying had a diagnosis of depression at age 18. Victimisation also had a significant impact on wellbeing, with a one-point increase in frequent victimisation associated with a 2.71-point (SE=0.46, p<0.001) decrease in wellbeing scores aged 23. This finding was only partly attenuated when adjusting for depression, suggesting that the burden of victimisation extends beyond depression to impact wellbeing. Results therefore show that individuals who remain partially resilient by avoiding a diagnosis of depression after victimisation have significantly poorer wellbeing than their non-victimised counterparts.Conclusion: Overall, our study demonstrates for the first time that victimisation during adolescence is a significant risk factor for not only the onset of depression, but also poor wellbeing in adulthood. Such findings highlight the importance of investigating both dimensions of mental health to understand the true burden of victimisation and subsequent resilience. In addition to the need for interventions that reduce the likelihood of depression following adolescent victimisation, efforts should also be made to promote good wellbeing.
Predictors and Risk Factors of Severity of GBS, the Requirement for Mechanical Ventilation and Poor Short-Term Prognosis of Severe GBS
Authors: Wen Pu-Yuan , Zhang Min , Chu Wen-Zheng , Feng Qiao-Chan , Ji Han , Wu Hong-Liang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background/Objective:It is still an extraordiarily exigent thing to early recognize the severity, therapeutic method and prognisis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Our research’s goal is to investigate the clinical predictive factors indicating severity of GBS and the requirement for mechanical ventilation(MV) in severe patients with GBS, and to explore the identification of modifiable risk factors for predicting poor short-run outcome of severe GBS. Methods: A total of 155 patients were included in a cohort of GBS patients admitted to the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University between 2014 and 2020. Demographic, clinical, therapeutical and evolutionary data were collected. Neurological testing which used standardized data collection were carried out by the same investigators on the whole study period. Comparion of the results were implemented by single and multiple regression analysis.Result: Of 155 patients, 66 patients were severe GBS, of which twenty-nine patients (18.7%) needed MV. Significant clinical predictors for severe GBS were recent history of surgery, time from onset to admission, Medical Research Council(MRC) sum score on admission, autonomic dysfunction, cranial nerve impairment(glossopharyngeal, facial, Oculomotor and/or abducent nerve deficits) and elevated liver enzyme levels were significantly bound up with severity scores(p<0.05). With regard to risk factors of MV in severe GBS, univariate logistic analysis indicated presence of cranial nerve involvement, autonomic dysfunction, MRC score at nadir, elevated liver enzymes and pneumonia were significantly different(p<0.05); Multivariate analysis determined that MRC score at nadir and autonomic dysfunction were also considered to be predictors for MV in severe GBS(p<0.05).As to prognostic of factors, recent history of surgery, MRC score at nadir, the requirement for MV, MRC score at admission and pneumonia during hospitalization were predictors of poor short-run outcome in severe patients with GBS by univariate logistic analysis, and that the nadir MRC score and the requirement for MV were identically proved as clinic parameters of unfavourable prognosis by multivariate logistic analysis (p<0.05) .Conclusions: Clinical risk factors of severity in GBS, the requirement of MV and unfavourable short-run prognosis in severe GBS were evident. Recent history of surgery is also a predictor for severity in GBS patients.
The negative impact of chronic tobacco smoking on adult neuropsychological function: a case control study
Authors: Nadar Mohammed Shaban , Hasan Abdullah M. , Alsaleh Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The evidence on the effects of chronic tobacco smoking on neuropsychological functions is conflicting. The literature remains limited by inconsistent accounting for potentially confounding biomedical and psychiatric conditions. This study aimed to assess the neuropsychological functions of adult chronic tobacco smokers in comparison to healthy matched-subjects’ controls. Method: The study included 73 smokers and 84 matched-subject non-smoker controls. The data was collected during the year 2019. After an initial interview to collect demographics and smoking profile, the subjects undertook neuropsychological assessments that targeted a wide range of cognitive domains. Results: The performance of smokers was poorer on almost all neuropsychological domains, namely selective attention (p ≤ .001, p =.044), alternating attention (p = .002) working memory (p ≤ .001), Short-term memory (p = .006 and .003), Long-term memory (p ≤ .001), processing accuracy (p ≤ .001), and executive function (p = .011 and .026). Smokers were intact on processing speed. smoking accumulation and the age onset of regular smoking we negatively correlated with neuropsychological function. Conclusion: Our findings add to the growing body of evidence suggesting that chronic tobacco smoking impacts negatively on cognition.
Skeletal Muscle Depletion and Nutrition Support Affected Postoperative Complications in Patients Underwent Pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Duan Kaipeng , Gao Xin , Wei Luxin , Gong Mengting , Zhou Jin , Zhu Dongming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPostoperative complications remain high in patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Body composition has been shown closely related to the outcome in critical and surgical patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether preoperative skeletal muscle condition and postoperative nutrition would affect major complications in patients underwent PD.MethodsThis retrospective study included 265 patients underwent PD with a CT scan of the abdomen within 1 week before surgery. Body compartment data was extracted from the L3 level of the CT scan, which included skeletal muscle area and density, subcutaneous and visceral fat area. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to investigate correlations between the above variables and postoperative complications. Furthermore, a subgroup analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between postoperative nutrition strategy and the outcome.ResultsOf all the 265 patients, the mean age and BMI was 59.5±13.9 years and 23.1 ±3.6 kg/m2, respectively. Major complications occurred in 81 patients (30.6%). Cutoff values for skeletal muscle depletion were defined by ROC curve analysis from postoperative complications in skeletal muscle index (SMI) (male 47.32 cm2/m2 and female 40.65 cm2/m2). Univariable analysis showed postoperative complications were significantly associated with age, sex, systemic comorbidity, SMI, skeletal muscle density (SMD) and visceral adipose tissue index (VATI). Multivariable regression reveled only age (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.22-1.83, p=0.026), SMI (OR 0.77, 95%CI 0.51-0.94, p=0.015) and SMD (OR 0.85, 95%CI 0.64-1.03, p=0.029) were independent predictors for major complications. Subgroup analysis showed the initial parenteral nutrition time (IPNT) (OR1.89, 95% CI 1.43-2.49, p=0.032) and average protein delivery (APD) (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.53-0.89, p=0.021) were significantly associated with major complications in patients with lower SMI. However, in normal SMI patients, such association was not significant enough.ConclusionsPreoperative skeletal muscle index and density were independently associated with major complications in patients underwent PD. In patients with lower SMI, early parenteral nutrition and higher protein delivery were related to better outcome.
Targeting the RHOA pathway improves learning and memory in adult Kctd13 and 16p11.2 deletion mouse models
Authors: Lorenzo Sandra Martin , Nalesso Valérie , Chevalier Claire , Birling Marie-Christine , HERAULT Yann 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Gene copy number variants have an important role in the appearance of neurodevelopmental disorders. Particularly, the deletion of the 16p11.2 locus is associated with autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and several other features. Earlier studies highlighted the implication of Kctd13 genetic imbalance in the 16p11.2 deletion through the regulation of the RHOA pathway.
Methods

Here, we generated a new mouse models with a small deletion of two key exons in Kctd13. Then we targeted the RHOA pathway to rescue the cognitive phenotypes of the Kctd13 and 16p11.2 deletion mouse models in a pure genetic background. We used a chronic administration of fasudil (HA1077), an inhibitor of the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), for several days, in mouse models carrying a heterozygous inactivation of Kctd13, or the deletion of the entire 16p11.2 BP4-BP5 homologous region.
Results

We found that the small Kctd13 heterozygous deletion induced similar cognitive phenotype to the whole deletion of the 16p11.2 homologous region, in the Del/+ mice. Then we showed the chronic fasudil treatment can restore object recognition memory in adult heterozygous mutant mice for Kctd13 and for 16p11.2 deletion. In addition, the learning and memory improvement was parallel to change in the RHOA pathway.
Limitations:

The Kcdt13 mutant line does not recapitulate all the phenotypes found in the 16p11.2 Del/+ model. In particular the locomotor activity was not altered at 12 and 18 weeks of age and the object location memory was not defective in 18 weeks old mutants. Similarly, the increased in locomotor activity was not modified by the treatment in the 16p11.2 Del/+ mouse model suggesting other loci involved in such defects. Then, the rescue was only observed after four weeks of treatment but no long term experiment has been done so far. Finally we did not check the social behaviour that require to work in another hybrid genetic background.
Conclusion

These findings confirm KCTD13 as one target gene causing cognitive deficits in 16p11.2 deletion patients, and the relevance of the RHOA pathway as a therapeutic path for the 16p11.2 deletion. Nevertheless, they reinforce the contribution of other gene(s) involved in cognitive defects found in the 16p11.2 models in older mice.
Economic Analysis of the CLIP Trials in India, Pakistan and Mozambique
Authors: Bone Jeffrey N , Khowaja Asif , Vidler Marianne , Payne Beth A. , Bellad Mrutyunjaya B , Goudar Shivaprasad S , Mallapur Ashalata , munguambe Khátia , Qureshi Rahat , Sacoor Charfudin , Sevene Esperança , Frederix Geert , Bhutta Zulfiqar , Mitton Craig , Magee Laura , Dadelszen Peter von 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) Trials (NCT01911494) in India, Pakistan, and Mozambique (February 2014-7) involved community engagement and task-sharing with community health workers for triage and initial treatment of pregnancy hypertension. Maternal and perinatal mortality was less frequent among women who received ≥8 CLIP contacts. The aim of this analysis was to assess the costs and cost-effectiveness of the CLIP intervention overall, and by POM visit frequency. Methods: Included were all women enrolled in the three CLIP trials who had delivered with known outcomes by trial end. According to the number of POM-guided home contacts received (0, 1-3, 4-7, ³8), costs were collected from annual budgets and spending receipts, with inclusion of family opportunity costs in Pakistan. A decision-tree model was built to determine the cost-effectiveness of the intervention (vs. usual care), based on the primary clinical endpoint of years-of-life-lost (YLL) for mothers and infants. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used to assess uncertainty in the cost and clinical outcomes.Results: The incremental per pregnancy cost of the intervention was USD$12.66 (India), USD$11.51 (Pakistan) and USD$13.26 (Mozambique). As implemented, the intervention was not cost-effective, due largely to minimal differences in years-of-life-lost between arms. However, among women who received ≥8 contacts (4 in Pakistan), the probability of health system and family (Pakistan) cost-effectiveness was ≥80% (all countries). Conclusion: The intervention was likely to be cost-effective for women receiving ≥8 contacts in Mozambique and India, and ≥4 in Pakistan, supporting World Health Organization guidance on antenatal contact frequency.Funding: The University of British Columbia, a grantee of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1017337).Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov. Registered 30 July 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01911494
Synergistic Effect of Combination Interventions for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Transmission Control in Nursing Homes: A Computation Modelling Evaluation with Heterogeneous Contact Mixing
Authors: Tang Arthur , Kwok Kin On , Wei Vivian Wan In , Chen Hong , Park Woo-Hyun , Wong Samuel Yeung Shan , Tam Wilson 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The endemic threat of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nursing homes pose a serious and escalating challenge to public health administration in infection control. Nursing homes are considered as major reservoirs for MRSA colonization, with considerable high levels of colonization prevalence.
Aim

Direct contact is the major transmission mode of MRSA colonization. This study employed a computation model to evaluate the effect of 3 intervention scenarios on MRSA colonization prevalence rate in nursing homes.
Methods

Simulations were conducted using a deterministic compartmental model featuring heterogeneous contact matrix between residents and health-care workers (HCWs). Contact parameters were derived from a nursing home survey. Three intervention scenarios were simulated: (1) hand-hygiene compliance by HCWs, (2) screening-and-isolation upon admission, and (3) implementing both interventions at the same time.
Results

For every 10% reduction in average contamination duration in HCWs, the estimated average reduction in prevalence rate is 1.29 percentage point compared with the prevalence rate before the intervention was implemented. Screening-and-isolation intervention results in an average reduction of 19.04 percentage point in prevalence rate (s.d. = 1.58; 95% CI = 18.90-19.18) compared with the prevalence rate before the intervention was implemented. In intervention scenario 3, synergistic effects were observed when implementing hand-hygiene compliance by HCWs and screening-and-isolation together.
Conclusion

Our results provide quantitative data for nursing home administrators in interventions planning, design, adjustment, effect estimation and comparison.