bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling a quantum system via its boundary conditions
Authors: Duffin Christian , Dijkstra Arend G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

We numerically study a particle in a box with moving walls. In the case where the walls are oscillating sinusoidally with a small amplitude, we show that states up to the fourth state can be populated with more than 80 percent population, while higher lying states can also be selectively excited. This work introduces a way of controlling quantum systems which does not rely on (dipole) selection rules.

Graphical abstract
Stability diagrams for a memristor oscillator
Authors: Gallas Jason A. C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

The simplest chaotic circuit containing a memristor involves a capacitor C, an inductor L, and two parameters, α and β, characterizing the memristor. Chaos was observed experimentally for three combinations of these parameters. Here, we report high resolution stability diagrams displaying an abundance of tunable ranges of periodic and chaotic self-oscillations for this circuit, in all six possible control planes. We predict dynamically rich and intricate sequences of oscillations that are experimentally accessible in the system.
The magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of GaAs Gaussian quantum dot with donor impurity in a magnetic field
Authors: Elsaid Mohammad , Ali Mohamoud , Shaer Ayham 
Published: October 2019

We present a theoretical study to investigate the effect of donor impurity on the magnetization (M) and the magnetic susceptibility [Formula: see text] of single electron quantum dot (QD) with Gaussian confinement in the presence of a magnetic field. We solve the Hamiltonian of this system, including the spin, by using the exact diagonalization method. The ground state binding energy (BE) of an electron has been shown as a function of QD radius and confinement potential depth. The behaviors of the magnetization and the magnetic susceptibility of a QD have been studied as a function of temperature, confinement potential depth, quantum radius and magnetic field. We have shown the effect of donor impurity on the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility curves of Gaussian quantum dot (GQD).
The white marbles of Brasília, a World Heritage site and capital of Brazil
Authors: de Oliveira Frascá Maria Heloisa Barros , Neves Risale , Castro Nuria Fernández 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Created in the central and western part of Brazil to be the new capital of the country, Brasília is a definitive example of modernist twentieth-century urbanism and was named a Cultural Heritage Property by UNESCO in 1987. It was built in just four years (1956–60), following a design by urbanist Lúcio Costa and architect Oscar Niemeyer. However, despite the worldwide recognition of the architectural value of the buildings, the extensive use of white marbles as cladding is scarcely mentioned in the literature. Surveys conducted in this work indicate that the majority of the marble was sourced primarily from the Italva region (Rio de Janeiro), and probably, in minor quantities, from Cachoeiro de Itapemirim region (Espírito Santo). Available technological data for rocks from those regions revealed their suitable engineering properties as natural stone. Currently, although most of the slabs still remain on the buildings, the preservation of this world cultural heritage is urgent, as pointed out by UNESCO. For this purpose, the potential designation under the name the Brasília white marbles as a Global Heritage Stone Resource would be very beneficial, encouraging the availability of these natural stones for conservation and restoration.
Pitch of harmonic complex tones: rate and temporal coding of envelope repetition rate in inferior colliculus of unanesthetized rabbits
Authors: Su Yaqing , Delgutte Bertrand 
Published: October 2019

Harmonic complex tones (HCTs) found in speech, music, and animal vocalizations evoke strong pitch percepts at their fundamental frequencies. The strongest pitches are produced by HCTs that contain harmonics resolved by cochlear frequency analysis, but HCTs containing solely unresolved harmonics also evoke a weaker pitch at their envelope repetition rate (ERR). In the auditory periphery, neurons phase lock to the stimulus envelope, but this temporal representation of ERR degrades and gives way to rate codes along the ascending auditory pathway. To assess the role of the inferior colliculus (IC) in such transformations, we recorded IC neuron responses to HCT and sinusoidally modulated broadband noise (SAMN) with varying ERR from unanesthetized rabbits. Different interharmonic phase relationships of HCT were used to manipulate the temporal envelope without changing the power spectrum. Many IC neurons demonstrated band-pass rate tuning to ERR between 60 and 1,600 Hz for HCT and between 40 and 500 Hz for SAMN. The tuning was not related to the pure-tone best frequency of neurons but was dependent on the shape of the stimulus envelope, indicating a temporal rather than spectral origin. A phenomenological model suggests that the tuning may arise from peripheral temporal response patterns via synaptic inhibition. We also characterized temporal coding to ERR. Some IC neurons could phase lock to the stimulus envelope up to 900 Hz for either HCT or SAMN, but phase locking was weaker with SAMN. Together, the rate code and the temporal code represent a wide range of ERR, providing strong cues for the pitch of unresolved harmonics. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Envelope repetition rate (ERR) provides crucial cues for pitch perception of frequency components that are not individually resolved by the cochlea, but the neural representation of ERR for stimuli containing many harmonics is poorly characterized. Here we show that the pitch of stimuli with unresolved harmonics is represented by both a rate code and a temporal code for ERR in auditory midbrain neurons and propose possible underlying neural mechanisms with a computational model.
Ontogenic Changes in Hematopoietic Hierarchy Determine Pediatric Specificity and Disease Phenotype in Fusion Oncogene–Driven Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Lopez Cécile K. , Noguera Esteve , Stavropoulou Vaia , Robert Elie , Aid Zakia , Ballerini Paola , Bilhou-Nabera Chrystèle , Lapillonne Hélène , Boudia Fabien , Thirant Cécile , Fagnan Alexandre , Arcangeli Marie-Laure , Kinston Sarah J. , Diop M'Boyba , Job Bastien , Lecluse Yann , Brunet Erika , Babin Loélia , Villeval Jean Luc , Delabesse Eric , Peters Antoine H.F.M. , Vainchenker William , Gaudry Muriel , Masetti Riccardo , Locatelli Franco , Malinge Sébastien , Nerlov Claus , Droin Nathalie , Lobry Camille , Godin Isabelle , Bernard Olivier A. , Göttgens Berthold , Petit Arnaud , Pflumio Françoise , Schwaller Juerg , Mercher Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Fusion oncogenes are prevalent in several pediatric cancers, yet little is known about the specific associations between age and phenotype. We observed that fusion oncogenes, such as ETO2–GLIS2, are associated with acute megakaryoblastic or other myeloid leukemia subtypes in an age-dependent manner. Analysis of a novel inducible transgenic mouse model showed that ETO2–GLIS2 expression in fetal hematopoietic stem cells induced rapid megakaryoblastic leukemia whereas expression in adult bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells resulted in a shift toward myeloid transformation with a strikingly delayed in vivo leukemogenic potential. Chromatin accessibility and single-cell transcriptome analyses indicate ontogeny-dependent intrinsic and ETO2–GLIS2-induced differences in the activities of key transcription factors, including ERG, SPI1, GATA1, and CEBPA. Importantly, switching off the fusion oncogene restored terminal differentiation of the leukemic blasts. Together, these data show that aggressiveness and phenotypes in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia result from an ontogeny-related differential susceptibility to transformation by fusion oncogenes.

Significance:
This work demonstrates that the clinical phenotype of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia is determined by ontogeny-dependent susceptibility for transformation by oncogenic fusion genes. The phenotype is maintained by potentially reversible alteration of key transcription factors, indicating that targeting of the fusions may overcome the differentiation blockage and revert the leukemic state.
See related commentary by Cruz Hernandez and Vyas, p. 1653.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1631
Regulatory T Cells in an Endogenous Mouse Lymphoma Recognize Specific Antigen Peptides and Contribute to Immune Escape
Authors: Ahmetlić Fatima , Riedel Tanja , Hömberg Nadine , Bauer Vera , Trautwein Nico , Geishauser Albert , Sparwasser Tim , Stevanović Stefan , Röcken Martin , Mocikat Ralph 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) sustain immune homeostasis and may contribute to immune escape in malignant disease. As a prerequisite for developing immunologic approaches in cancer therapy, it is necessary to understand the ontogeny and the antigenic specificities of tumor-infiltrating Tregs. We addressed this question by using a λ-MYC transgenic mouse model of endogenously arising B-cell lymphoma, which mirrors key features of human Burkitt lymphoma. We show that Foxp3+ Tregs suppress antitumor responses in endogenous lymphoma. Ablation of Foxp3+ Tregs significantly delayed tumor development. The ratio of Treg to effector T cells was elevated in growing tumors, which could be ascribed to differential proliferation. The Tregs detected were mainly natural Tregs that apparently recognized self-antigens. We identified MHC class II–restricted nonmutated self-epitopes, which were more prevalent in lymphoma than in normal B cells and could be recognized by Tregs. These epitopes were derived from proteins that are associated with cellular processes related to malignancy and may be overexpressed in the tumor.
Major Causes for Not Performing Endovascular Therapy Following Inter-Hospital Transfer in a Complex Urban Setting
Authors: Morey Jacob R. , Dangayach Neha S. , Shoirah Hazem , Scaggiante Jacopo , Mocco J , Tuhrim Stanley , Fifi Johanna T. , for the Mount Sinai Stroke Investigators  
Published: October 2019

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Endovascular therapy (EVT) has emerged as the standard of care for emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) acute ischemic stroke. An increasing number of patients with suspected ELVO are being transferred to stroke centers with interventional capacity. Not all such inter-hospital transfers result in EVT. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> To identify the major causes for not performing EVT following transfer. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> An analysis of 222 consecutive patients with suspected ELVO transferred for potential EVT between January 2015 and ­December 2017 within a New York City health system was performed. About 36% (80/222) were deemed EVT ineligible and compared to an EVT cohort. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Major causes for not performing EVT were established infarct (34%), no or recanalized ELVO (31%), and mild or clinically improved symptoms (21%). In the established infarct subgroup, 28% (7/27) arrived at a stroke center with interventional capacity within 5 h of last known well, compared to 61% (83/142) in the EVT cohort (<i>p</i> = 0.003). In the no or recanalized ELVO subgroup, 40% (10/25) received computed tomographic angiography at the primary stroke center (PSC), compared to 73% (104/142) in the EVT cohort (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Among patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis, 6% (6/104) improved from a NIHSS of ≥6 to &#x3c;6 following transfer. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Established infarct, no or recanalized ELVO, and mild or clinically improved symptoms were the major causes for not performing EVT for patients transferred for ELVO management. These may be addressed by decreasing stroke onset to treatment times and timely ELVO detection at the PSC and/or pre-hospital triage.
Predictive Score of Adverse Events After Carotid Endarterectomy: The NSQIP Registry Carotid Endarterectomy Scale
Authors: Dasenbrock Hormuzdiyar H. , Smith Timothy R. , Gormley William B. , Castlen Joseph P. , Patel Nirav J. , Frerichs Kai U. , Aziz‐Sultan M. Ali , Du Rose 
Published: October 2019

Background

The goal of this study was to create a comprehensive, integer‐weighted predictive scale of adverse events after carotid endarterectomy (
CEA
), which may augment risk stratification and patient counseling.

Methods and Results

The targeted carotid files from the prospective NSQIP (National Surgical Quality Improvement Program) registry (2011–2013) comprised the derivation population. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated predictors of a 30‐day adverse event (stroke, myocardial infarction, or death), the effect estimates of which were used to build a weighted predictive scale that was validated using the 2014 to 2015
NSQIP
registry release. A total of 10 766 and 8002 patients were included in the derivation and the validation populations, in whom 4.0% and 3.7% developed an adverse event, respectively. The
NSQIP
registry
CEA
scale included 14 variables; the highest points were allocated for insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, high‐risk cardiac physiological characteristics, admission source other than home, an emergent operation, American Society of Anesthesiologists’ classification
IV
to V, modified Rankin Scale score ≥2, and presentation with a stroke.
NSQIP
registry
CEA
score was predictive of an adverse event (concordance=0.67), stroke or death (concordance=0.69), mortality (concordance=0.76), an extended hospitalization (concordance=0.73), and a nonroutine discharge (concordance=0.83) in the validation population, as well as among symptomatic and asymptomatic subgroups (
P
<0.001). In the validation population, patients with an
NSQIP
registry
CEA
scale score >8 and 17 had 30‐day stroke or death rates >3% and 6%, the recommended thresholds for asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, respectively.

Conclusions

The
NSQIP
registry
CEA
scale predicts adverse outcomes after CEA and can risk stratify patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis using different thresholds for each population.
Prevalence and Impact of Treatment Crossover in Cardiac Surgery Randomized Trials: A Meta‐Epidemiologic Study
Authors: Gaudino Mario , Fremes Stephen E. , Ruel Marc , Di Franco Antonino , Di Mauro Michele , Chikwe Joanna , Frati Giacomo , Girardi Leonard N. , Taggart David P. , Biondi‐Zoccai Giuseppe 
Published: October 2019

Background

Crossover dilutes treatment effect and reduces statistical power of intention‐to‐treat analysis. We examined incidence and impact on cardiac surgery randomized controlled trial (
RCT
) outcomes of crossover from experimental to control interventions, or vice versa.

Methods and Results

MEDLINE
,
EMBASE
, and Cochrane Library were searched, and
RCT
s (≥100 patients) comparing ≥2 adult cardiac surgical interventions were included. Crossover from the initial treatment assignment and relative risks (
RRs
) for each trial's primary end point and mortality at longest available follow‐up were extracted. All
RR
s were calculated as >1 favored control group and <1 favored experimental arm. Primary outcome was the effect estimate for primary end point of each
RCT
, and secondary outcome was all‐cause mortality; both were appraised as
RR
at the longest follow‐up available. Sixty articles reporting on 47
RCT
s (25 440 patients) were identified. Median crossover rate from experimental to control group was 7.0% (first quartile, 2.0%; third quartile, 9.7%), whereas from control to experimental group, the rate was 1.3% (first quartile, 0%; third quartile, 3.6%).
RR
s for primary end point and mortality were higher in
RCT
s with higher crossover rate from experimental to control group (
RR
, 1.01 [95%
CI
, 0.94–1.07] versus
RR
, 0.80 [95%
CI
, 0.66–0.97] and
RR
, 1.02 [95%
CI
, 0.95–1.11] versus
RR
, 0.94 [95%
CI
, 0.82–1.07], respectively). Crossover from control to experimental group did not alter effect estimates for primary end point or mortality (
RR
, 0.82 [95%
CI
, 0.63–1.05] versus
RR
, 0.95 [95%
CI
, 0.86–1.04] and
RR
, 0.88 [95%
CI
, 0.73–1.07] versus
RR
, 1.02 [95%
CI
, 0.95–1.09], respectively).

Conclusions

Crossover from experimental to control group is associated with outcomes of cardiac surgery
RCT
s. Crossover should be minimized at designing stage and carefully appraised after study completion.
Preliminary Examination of the Ability of a New Wearable Device to Capture Functional Hand Activity After Stroke
Authors: Simpson Lisa A. , Mow Amanda , Menon Carlo , Eng Janice J. 
Published: October 2019

Background and Purpose—
A reliable measure of movement repetitions is required to assist in determining the optimal dose for maximizing upper limb recovery after stroke. This study investigated the ability of a new wearable device to capture reach-to-grasp repetitions in individuals with stroke.

Methods—
Eight individuals with stroke wore an instrumented wrist bracelet while completing 12 upper limb activities. Participants completed 5 and 10 repetitions of each activity on 2 separate sessions (time 1 and time 2) and completed clinical assessments (Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment and Action Research Arm Test). Mean reach-to-grasp counts (ie, hand counts) were compared across activities. Scaling properties were assessed by the ratio of 10 repetitions to 5 repetitions for the activities (ie, expected value of 2). Bland-Altman diagrams were used to examine agreement between time 1 and time 2 counts.

Results—
The wrist bracelet averaged 0 to 0.6 hand counts per repetition for the arm-only and hand-only activities and averaged 1 to 2 counts per repetition of the reach-to-grasp activities. The mean ratio of 10 repetition to 5 repetition counts was ≈2 for all of the reach-to-grasp activities. Mean differences from time 1 to time 2 were <0.3 counts/repetition for all activities except one.

Conclusions—
These preliminary results provide evidence that the wrist bracelet is able to capture hand counts over a variety of tasks in a consistent manner. This wrist bracelet could be further developed as a tool to record dose of upper limb practice for research or clinical practice, as well as providing motivation and accountability to patients participating in treatments requiring upper limb movement repetitions. Currently, there are limitations in interpreting the impact of impairment and common compensatory movements on hand counts, and it would be valuable for future studies to explore these effects.
An Introduction to Dr. Nishimura Masanari’s Research on the Lung Khe Citadel
Authors: Noriko Nishino 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces Nishimura Masanari’s research on the Lung Khe Citadel, which was built in the second century ce and continuously occupied until the end of the fifth or early sixth century. Nishimura explored four main topics. First, based on the large-scale bronze workshop in the citadel, he argued that the casting of the bronze drum there had a political purpose. Second, he proved that the Lung Khe Citadel was Long Bien, not Luy Lau. Third, he discovered several types of artifacts, including a table-shaped stone mortar (pesani) and kendi that show cultural affinity with artifacts found in Tra Kieu and Oc Eo. Hence, the cross-regional Nanhai trade and political power at Lung Khe might have reciprocally stimulated each other. Finally, Nishimura advanced the far-reaching hypothesis that the prosperity of Chinese Buddhism might have stemmed from the Lung Khe area, on the basis of his study of roof tile ends with mask or lotus petal motifs.
Lung Khe and the Cultural Relationship between Northern and Southern Vietnam
Authors: Lê Thi Liên 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper focuses on the area surrounding Lung Khe, which is the local name of an ancient citadel located in Thuan Thanh District, Bac Ninh Province, northern Vietnam. The nearby Nam Giao học tổ (南交學祖) Temple and the Tứ Pháp Buddhist temples, as well as records related to Shi Xie (士燮), the head of the Jiaozhi Commandery (交州太守), indicate that interesting cultural exchanges occurred in this area. Examining archaeological evidence found by the late Dr. Nishimura Masanari and his colleagues, the paper discusses cultural relationships and contacts among ancient peoples in various areas, particularly in present-day northern and southern Vietnam.
Nishimura Masanari’s Study of the Earliest Known Shipwreck Found in Vietnam
Authors: Noriko Nishino , Toru Aoyama , Jun Kimura , Takenori Nogami , Lien Le Thi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Chau Tan shipwreck, probably the earliest shipwreck in Vietnam, was found in the waters off the shore of Binh Son District in Quang Ngai Province in the early 2000s. Dr. Nishimura initiated a study of the shipwreck material, but it was cut short by his sudden demise. A group of Japanese scholars continued the project in co-operation with the Institute of Archaeology (Vietnam). Since remnants of the shipwreck were pillaged and their archaeological contexts were not recorded, this initial study is limited to a comparative assessment of the recovered items, including wooden timbers from the hull and Chinese ceramics. It is also a case study for addressing the ethical issues of raising shipwreck remains in Vietnam for commercial purposes without conducting scientific surveys. The study indicates that the ship timbers came from an eighth-ninth century Southeast Asian ship, and that the Chinese ceramics can be assigned to the Tang Dynasty. A number of inked or inscribed characters on ceramic shards indicate the involvement of Indian Ocean merchants.
The International Ceramics Trade and Social Change in the Red River Delta in the Early Modern Period
Authors: Shinya Ueda , Noriko Nishino 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nishimura Masanari argued that the construction of enclosed-type levees caused the water level of the Red River to rise in seventeenth-century northern Vietnam, and he suggested that this phenomenon triggered social changes that brought about the establishment of Vietnamese “traditional society,” represented by the autonomous villages of the Red River Delta. Nishimura’s archaeological discussion of the transition from horseshoe-shaped levees to enclosed-type levees suggests new ways of studying socioeconomic change in early modern Vietnam. This article examines the utilization of the dry riverbed area of the Red River near Hanoi and tracks changes in the position of the levee near the neighboring villages of Bát Tràng and Kim Lan from the seventeenth century onward. The article shows that Nishimura’s argument concerning the levee network makes it possible to locate the establishment of early modern Vietnamese society in the “Age of Commerce.”