bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of rare earth metals on the properties of modern titanium alloys
Authors: Grushin I A , Knyazev M I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To rare earth metals (REM) or lanthanides are related 14 chemical elements following in the periodic system of D. I. Mendeleev after lanthanum. Most often they are obtained by processing ore, which contains minerals in the form of a mixture of oxides, phosphates, carbonates or silicates of rare earth metals, as well as close to them in properties thorium, yttrium, scandium, titanium, niobium and tantalum.
Effect of ion irradiation on low-cycle fatigue of pressed profiles of the V95 alloy after artificial aging
Authors: Gushchina N V , Ovchinnikov V V , Makhin’ko F F , Vichuzhanin D I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The effect of 20–40-keV Ar+ ion irradiation on the fatigue resistance of hot-pressed V95 alloy (Al–Zn–Mg–Cu system) profiles 6 mm thick after quenching and artificial aging (140°С, 16 h) has been investigated. The use of the irradiation conditions (E = 40 keV, j = 500 µA/cm2), under which the profiles were briefly heated to a temperature of 200°C, is found to reduce the strength properties of the alloy significantly, which does not meet the specified requirements. Irradiation conditions, which enable one to avoid significant heating of a target at E = 20 keV and j = 400 µA/cm2, do not affect the fatigue resistance significantly at all fluences of F = 1·1015, 1·1016, 1·1017 cm−2.
Some features of anodic plasma electrolytic processes in aqueous solution
Authors: Kusmanov S A , Tambovskiy I V , Kusmanova I A , Belkin P N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Effect of the electrolyte temperature on the current-voltage and temperature-voltage characteristics of the anodc plasma electrolytic treatment of a steel sample, as well as the features of the formation of a stable vapour-gaseous envelope were considered. Spectral analysis revealed the glow of the heated anode zone without lines of elements of electrolyte and electrode. The result of the influence of the plasma electrolytic treatment mode on the surface condition was shown.
Research of the dielectric properties of polyethyleneterephthalate modified by fluorocarbon films formed by ion-plasma technology methods
Authors: Kuzkin V I , Elinson V M , Obrezkov O I , Yakushkin Yu Ya 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), modified by nanostructured fluorocarbon films formed by vapor deposition in a vacuum using a two-component gas mixture containing a film coating component (C6H12) and an etching component (CF4). The dependence of the dielectric loss tangent and permittivity on the ratio of the components of the gas mixture is established. The obtained data were correlated with the physicochemical characteristics of the materials used.
The influence of anodic oxidation on NiTi/Ti6Al4V fretting corrosion behavior
Authors: Lukina E A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This work is aimed to evaluate the efficiency of creating of barrier insulating oxide layers using anodic oxidation at low (U = 50V) and high (U = 200V) voltages to prevent fretting corrosion damage of NiTi rods fixed in Ti6Al4V titanium pedicle screws. It has been revealed that the formation of nonporous amorphous oxide layer on the surface of titanium screws by low voltage anodic oxidation prevents NiTi rods damage under fretting corrosion conditions. On the other hand, the presence of porous oxide layer on Ti6Al4V surface that is created by high voltage anodic oxidation deteriorates corrosion resistance of NiTi significantly.
The effect of tungsten carbide nanoparticles added to electrolyte on the composition and properties of oxide layers formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation on pre-eutectic silumin
Authors: Polunin A V , Borgardt E D , Shafeev M R , Krishtal M M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The effect of a low concentration (500 mg/L) additive of tungsten carbide (WC) nanoparticles (NPs) with a dispersion of 50–80 nm in an electrolyte on the structure, composition, and properties of oxide layers formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) on 357.0 aluminum-silicon alloy (7.5 wt.% Si) was investigated. The oxide layers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectral microanalysis (EDXMA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and instrumental indentation. The thickness, roughness, microhardness, and wear resistance of the oxide layers were determined. It was found that the addition of WC nanoparticles at a concentration of 500 mg/L into the base electrolyte leads to an increase in the average thickness of the layer from 73 μm to 92 μm. It was found that the average microhardness was increased from 882 MPa to 1307 MPa, and the average wear was decreased from 592·10−9 g/(N·m) to 81·10−9 g/(N·m).
Influence of laser shock processing technology on a fatigue life of stainless steel specimen
Authors: Sakhvadze G G , Pugachev M S , Sakhvadze G Zh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe influence of laser shock processing technology on the fatigue life of 03Kh22N6M2 stainless steel has been investigated. The values of residual stresses in the test material were measured by using calculation methods and comparative curves of fatigue life were constructed. The high-efficiency of the examined technology’s application to increase the fatigue life of stainless steel was revealed.
Structure and properties of ceramic-like coating on zirconium alloy produced by microarc oxidation in electrolyte with submicron yttria powder additives
Authors: Sivtsova G V , Savushkina S V , Ashmarin A A , Suminov I V , Vinogradov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ceramic-like coatings were formed on zirconium-niobium (Nb – 1%) alloy by microarc oxidation (MAO) in slurry electrolyte with the addition of submicron yttria powder. The coatings were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction analysis, microhardness tester and roughness meter. The addition of submicron yttria powder in electrolyte leads to content reduction of zirconia monoclinic phase in MAO coating. The inhibition effect increases with the MAO coating thickness rise and with an increase of the process current density up to 30 A/dm2.
Statistical control algorithm for the process of rapid solidification rate of the melt
Authors: Vasiliev V A , Odinokov S A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To improve the efficiency and quality of the process of rapid solidification rate of the melt, it is necessary to improve its controllability. This can be done using a set of statistical methods. It is proposed to use the algorithm for consistent application of statistical methods and improve product quality. It enables data collection, processing and analysis, including process stability analysis, process capability analysis, trend analysis and evaluation of relationships between parameters. The algorithm can be used to fulfill requirements in a quality management system.
The influence of technological parameters on the bead geometry in the manufacture of parts by laser metal deposition
Authors: Zavalov Y N , Dubrov A V , Ivanov I M , Dubrov V D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The dependences of geometric characteristics of single tracks obtained by laser deposition of austenitic steel powder on the shift of the laser beam focus and the distance from the nozzle to the substrate at different values of mass flow and scanning speed are investigated. It is shown that the characteristic value of the track height decreases from 900 to 700 microns with a decrease in the beam size by half at a powder flow rate of 8.4 g/min and a speed of 350 mm/min, decreases from 1100 to 900 microns at a flow rate of 15.6 g/min, and increases by 30-50% with an increase in flow rate by 2.3 times. The ratio of height to width (shape factor) decreases with the growth of the scanning speed from about 0.7 to 0.4 at a flow rate of 15.6 g/min and to 0.25 at a flow rate of 8.5 g/min. Process performance scaling parameters are defined. The results obtained make it possible to optimize the technological parameters of the laser metal deposition process.
Impact of ENSO on dependence between extreme rainfall and storm surge
Authors: Wu Wenyan , Leonard Michael 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dependence between extreme rainfall and storm surge can have significant implications for coastal floods, which are often caused by joint occurrence of these flood drivers (through pluvial or fluvial processes). The effect of multiple drivers leading to a compound flood event poses higher risk than those caused by a single flood-driving process. There is strong evidence that compound floods caused by joint occurrence of extreme storm surge and heavy rainfall are related to meteorological forcing (e.g. large scale pressure systems and wind) and climate phenomena (e.g. the El Niño Southern Oscillation or ENSO). Therefore, understanding how climate phenomena affect the co-occurrence of coastal flood drivers is an important step towards understanding future coastal flood risk under climate change. Here we examine the impact of one of the most important climate phenomena—ENSO—on dependence between storm surge and rainfall in Australia, using both observed surge and modelled surge from a linked ocean-climate model—the Regional Ocean Modeling System. Our results show that ENSO has a significant impact on the dependence between extreme rainfall and storm surge, thus flood risk resulted from these drivers. The overall dependence is largely driven by La Niña in Australia, with increased dependence observed during La Niña along most of the Australian coastline. However, there can be increased dependence during El Niño in some locations. The results demonstrate dependence is contributed by unequally-weighted mechanisms due to the interaction between climate phenomena and local features, indicating the need for greater understanding of composition of compound flood risk. Where climate phenomena are anticipated to change into the future, it is possible to use integrated process-driven models to establish a better understanding of whether extremes are more likely to co-occur and exacerbate compound flood risk.
Coherent signature of warming-induced extreme sub-continental boreal wildfire activity 4800 and 1100 years BP
Authors: Girardin Martin P , Portier Jeanne , Remy Cécile C , Ali Adam A , Paillard Jordan , Blarquez Olivier , Asselin Hugo , Gauthier Sylvie , Grondin Pierre , Bergeron Yves 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Climate changes are expected to progressively increase extreme wildfire frequency in forests. Finding past analogs for periods of extreme biomass burning would provide valuable insights regarding what the effects of warming might be for tree species distribution, ecosystem integrity, atmospheric greenhouse gas balance, and human safety. Here, we used a network of 42 lake-sediment charcoal records across a ∼2000 km transect in eastern boreal North America to infer widespread periods of wildfire activity in association with past climate conditions. The reconstructed fluctuations in biomass burning are broadly consistent with variations in ethane concentration in Greenland polar ice cores. Biomass burning fluctuations also significantly co-varied with Greenland temperatures estimated from ice cores, at least for the past 6000 years. Our retrospective analysis of past fire activity allowed us to identify two fire periods centered around 4800 and 1100 BP, coinciding with large-scale warming in northern latitudes and having respectively affected an estimated ∼71% and ∼57% of the study area. These two periods co-occurred with widespread decreases in mean fire-return intervals. The two periods are likely the best analogs for what could be anticipated in terms of impacts of fire on ecosystem services provided by these forests in coming decades.
State-level drivers of future fine particulate matter mortality in the United States
Authors: Ou Yang , Smith Steven J , West J Jason , Nolte Christopher G , Loughlin Daniel H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Future fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and resulting health impacts will be largely determined by factors such as energy use, fuel choices, emission controls, state and national policies, and demographics. In this study, a human-earth system model is used to estimate PM2.5 mortality costs (PMMC) due to air pollutant emissions from each US state over the period 2015 to 2050, considering current major air quality and energy regulations. Contributions of various socioeconomic and energy factors to PMMC are quantified using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index. National PMMC are estimated to decrease 25% from 2015 to 2050, driven by decreases in energy intensity and PMMC per unit consumption of electric sector coal and transportation liquids. These factors together contribute 68% of the decrease, primarily from technology improvements and air quality regulations. States with greater population and economic growth, but with fewer clean energy resources, are more likely to face significant challenges in reducing future PMMC from their emissions. In contrast, states with larger projected decreases in PMMC have smaller increases in population and per capita GDP, and greater decreases in electric sector coal share and PMMC per unit fuel consumption.
Parametric Optimization of Electroless Ni-P coatings using Taguchi method
Authors: Sarkar Subhasish , Kumar Baranwal Rishav , Subhra Sen Rajat , Oraon Buddhadeb , Mukherjee Siddhartha , Majumdar Gautam 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The present work deals with surface roughness characteristics of electroless Ni-P coatings. The optimised process parameters have been determined based on L27 Taguchi Orthogonal array. Bath concentration of nickel sulphate, concentration of sodium hypophosphite and temperature of bath has been considered as variable in this study. The optimum combinations of process parameters and surface roughness have been considered as response variable of the study. It has been found that 24 g/L of Nickel Sulfate, 25 g/L of Sodium Hypophosphite and 80°C temperature gives the minimum surface roughness of the Ni-P coated sample which was 0.23µm. Characterisation of the substrate and the as deposited samples were done by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscopy for surface morphology, energy-dispersive X- ray analysis (EDAX) for element analysis and X-ray diffraction for phase analysis.
Design and Fabrication of Human-Electric Hybrid Power Tri-Cycle
Authors: Prakash Srivastava Jay , Joshi Dheeraj , Vivek L. , Sai Manish G. , Sravan G. , Enosh K. , Naresh Naik E. , Vamshi Krishna K. , Prem M. , Dayanand K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
“EFFI-CYCLE” derived from Efficient-Cycle promotes reducing dependency on fossil fuels for domestic transport application. The objective of this paper is to conceive, design and fabricate a three-wheel configuration (tad-pole design) vehicle powered by human-electric hybrid power and capable of seating two passengers catering to the day to day mobility needs. PTC Creo 3.0 software is used for geometric modelling of the vehicle’s frame. To ensure the safety of the design the model is then imported into ANSYS V16.2 for impact analyses. Results in terms of deformation, strain and von Mises stresses are plotted. After successfully completing the design and simulation of the frame and other components it is then fabricated in the college’s (S R Engineering College, Warangal) workshop.
Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour of ABOw Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composite Synthesized by Powder Metallurgy route
Authors: Pandey Neeraj , Chakrabarty I , Ram S C , Majhi M R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In present study, the effect of Aluminum borate whiskers (ABOw) content (5, 10 and15 wt.%) on the development of Al-ABOw composite using powder metallurgy route has been investigated. Firstly, Aluminum borate whiskers (ABOw) were produced using sol-gel method. The commercial pure aluminum powder was used as matrix material in this investigation. Amongst, the various casting technology, the powder metallurgy route is most economical and extensively used by researchers. The microstructures of composites were observed using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was performed for the observation of ABOw powder morphologies. The XRD analysis was carried out to confirm the phases and peak intensity of developed alloy and composites. The sintering was carried out at 600°C for all samples. After that, the bending test was carried out to calculate flexural strength of alloy and composites. The flexural strength 172±5 MPa was obtained maxima in composite with 10 wt.% ABOw along with improved hardness around 40.2HV. The result shows that, the composite exhibited better interfacial bonds, uniformity in microstructure and optimum flexural strength.
Study on Microstructure and Tribological Properties of Plasma Processed LM6 Alloy
Authors: Parida J , Mishra S C , Pattnaik S C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the research work, LM6 alloy prepared by plasma processed technique is studied for wear behavior. The wear behavior of the plasma processed LM6 alloy sample is study at room conditions at four different loads,i.e. 10N, 20N, 30N, 40N and with different sliding speeds, i.e. 200, 300, 400, 600 rpm’s for about 2 min,5 min,10min,15 min respectively, using a pin-on-disk wear testing instrument. From the pin-on-disk experiment, cumulative mass loss varying with the sliding speed, applied load and time was studied. The existence of eutectic silicon is sensed by the microstructure. The wear of plasma processed LM6 alloy sample increased as applied load, sliding speed and time increased.
Characterization of raw and alkali treated prosopis juliflora fibers for potential polymer composite reinforcement
Authors: Madhu P. , Pradeep S. , Sanjay M. R. , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The present world scenario owes for the need of materials which posses more ecological and biodegradable characteristics as well as capable of substituting man-made materials which resulted in the rapid increasing use of natural fibers. In the present investigation, the physico-chemical, thermal, tensile and morphological properties of Prosopis juliflora fibers (PJFs) are presented. Alkali treatment of PJFs was carried out at 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% (w/v) concentrations for a period of 45 min. 6% (w/v) treated PJFs results showed optimal results. These optimally treated fibers showed higher cellulose (74.42 wt. %), lower hemicellulose (2.21 wt. %), lignin (9.11 wt. %), higher crystallinity index (56.64%), crystallite size (15.76 nm), tensile strength (650 ± 6.43 MPa) and better thermal stability.
Probabilistic aspects of fatigue crack growth parameters under single overload in 6061-T6 aluminium alloys
Authors: Chandra Gope Prakash , Kabdwal Ankit 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the present investigation, several crack growth tests were performed on compact tension specimen under constant amplitude loading and single overload at an overload ratio of 1.8. The experimental data obtained were used to construct a-N, and da/dN vs ΔK curves and various fatigue crack growth parameters were determined and the variability associated with these parameters are addressed. Normal distribution, Weibull and extreme value distribution etc. were used to study the probabilistic nature of different crack growth parameters and best probabilistic distribution for each parameter are identified on the basis of statistical analysis. The probabilistic models of growth parameters are presented for the reliability assessment of a component under fatigue overload condition.
Experimental analysis of mechanical properties of stir casted aluminium-graphene nanocomposites
Authors: Shil Arnav , Roy Sandipan , Balaji P. S. , Kumar Katiyar Jitendra , Pramanik Sumit , Kumar Sharma Anuj 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aluminium (Al) based materials are widely used in aerospace and automobile industries due to its higher strength to weight ratio. Under fatigue loading the components are prone to failure, which is one of the key factors in designing the components. In the present study, Graphene (Gr) is added to Al at different weight percentages (1%, 2% and 3%) using stir casting. Tensile strength and fracture toughness of the composites were determined using tensile testing of Dogbone specimens and plane strain fracture toughness testing of C (T) speci-mens in mode-I, respectively. The result showed that for Al-Gr nanocomposites, with the increase in Graphene percentages, tensile strength was found to be in-creased however the fracture toughness was decreased. It is also found that the manufacturing method followed in the present work to be cost effective method for Al-Gr nano composite. The analysis of different tests suggests that the addition of 2wt% Graphene found to be the saturation point in the nanocomposites and any further addition of Graphene can lead to the degradation in the quality of composite.
A review on Manufacturing, Machining, and recycling of 3D printed composite materials.
Authors: Ujeniya P.S. , Rachchh N.V. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper includes a comprehensive review of the literature on the latest research and development in 3D printed composite materials and its behavior with several machining processes. Machining parameters need to be considered while performing an operation like drilling, turning, shaping, and surface finishing on 3D printed composite material for providing some useful new application with excellent benefits. Also, recycling of plastic waste which is the most challenging hurdle of society nowadays is discussed, and the scope of its real-life implementation is observed.
A State of the art on Sequential Micro-Machining
Authors: Tayade R M , Doloi B , Sarkar B R , Bhattacharyya B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The sequential micro-machining (SMM) is an emerging technique highly recommended for the manufacture of micro parts and also for generating micro features on parts. The review incorporates various traditional as well as non-traditional machining processes used in sequential manner. This paper focuses on recent trends in sequential micro machining combining diverse machining processes such as electrical discharge machining (EDM), laser beam machining (LBM), electrochemical machining (ECM), ultrasonic machining (USM), electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM), micro milling, micro grinding, electro-polishing, etc. The basic concepts, working principle, classification, mechanism of operation, the rationale behind the sequencing of individual machining processes etc. are described elaborately.
Evaluation of Performance and Emissions of Ceramic Coated Turbocharged Direct Injection Diesel Engine operated with Diesel and Biodiesel Blends
Authors: Rajendra Prasath B. , Devan P. K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
It is evident that the main derivatives of biodiesel obtained from the transesterification of vegetable oils are identified as a best suitable alternate fuel for conventional diesel fuel. However higher viscosity and poor volatility of biodiesel causes engine problems for long-term use in diesel engines. Preheating of biodiesel is one of the technique reducing the problems associated with the higher viscosity of biodiesel in diesel engines. The positive effect of increased operating temperature of ceramic-coated engine concept is incorporated to avoid the preheating and maximize the effective heat release of biodiesel. The combination of increased operating temperature associated with LHR engine and oxygenated nature of biodiesel ensure nearly complete combustion. The experiment was conducted on a four cylinder four stroke direct injection turbocharged diesel engine and the combustion chamber was coated with partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) of 0.35 mm thickness over 0.15 mm thickness of NiCrAl bond coat. The performance and emissions of conventional turbocharged engine and ceramic coated turbocharged engine were analyzed using diesel and biodiesel blends.