bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Candidate gene mapping identifies genomic variations in the fire blight susceptibility genes HIPM and DIPM across the Malus germplasm
Authors: Tegtmeier Richard , Pompili Valerio , Singh Jugpreet , Micheletti Diego , Silva Katchen Julliany Pereira , Malnoy Mickael , Khan Awais 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDevelopment of apple (Malus domestica) cultivars resistant to fire blight, a devastating bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora, is a priority for apple breeding programs. Towards this goal, the inactivation of members of the HIPM and DIPM gene families with a role in fire blight susceptibility (S genes) can help achieve sustainable tolerance. We have investigated the genomic diversity of HIPM and DIPM genes in Malus germplasm collections and used a candidate gene-based association mapping approach to identify SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) with significant associations to fire blight susceptibility. A total of 87 unique SNP variants were identified in HIPM and DIPM genes across 93 Malus accessions. Thirty SNPs showed significant associations (p < 0.05) with fire blight susceptibility traits, while two of these SNPs showed highly significant (p < 0.001) associations across two different years. This research has provided knowledge about genetic diversity in fire blight S genes in diverse apple accessions and identified candidate HIPM and DIPM alleles that could be used to develop apple cultivars with decreased fire blight susceptibility via marker-assisted breeding or biotechnological approaches.
Distinct phenolic, alkaloid and antioxidant profile in betel quids from four regions of Indonesia
Authors: Sari Elizabeth Fitriana , Prayogo Grace Puspita , Loo Yit Tao , Zhang Pangzhen , McCullough Michael John , Cirillo Nicola 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBetel quid (BQ) is a chewing mixed package that mainly contains areca nut (AN), betel leaf (Leaf) or betel stem inflorescence (SI), and slaked lime, and is consumed with or without tobacco BQ chewing is common in South East Asia and has been strongly associated with malignant and potentially malignant diseases of the oral cavity. Alkaloids such as arecoline are often accounted for the carcinogenic potential of BQ, however the chemical composition of BQ has not been studied in detail. In the current study, we investigated the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (by mean of ferric reducing antioxidant power, FRAP), radical scavenging activity (DPPH test), polyphenolic profile and arecoline content in different components of BQ, namely AN, Leaf or SI, Husk, and blended BQ (BQ mix, containing AN, Leaf or SI and slaked lime). Samples were imported from 4 major regions of Indonesia, namely: Banda Aceh (BA), North Sumatra (NS), West Kalimantan (WK) and West Papua (WP). The highest TPC, FRAP, and DPPH values were detected in AN samples compared to other BQ components, while samples from WP region were of higher values compared to the other regions. High performance liquid chromatography—Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis showed that Husk contains the widest range of polyphenols, including hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, flavonols and stilbenes. Catechin and epicatechin were the main polyphenols detected in BQ, and they were present at the highest concentrations in WP–AN sample. Arecoline was detected in all AN and BQ mix samples and was significantly correlated with catechin and epicatechin, and significantly negatively correlated withp-hydroxybenzoic acid. Notably, arecoline concentration changed significantly when AN was blended in BQ mixtures. The current study is the first to extensively characterise the chemical composition of BQ and provides insight for a better understanding of the interactions of BQ alkaloids and phenolics in the development of oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer.
Tunneling-induced optical limiting in quantum dot molecules
Authors: Veisi Mohadeseh , Kazemi Seyedeh Hamideh , Mahmoudi Mohammad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe present a convenient way to obtain an optical power limiting behavior in a quantum dot molecule system, induced by an interdot tunneling. Also, the effect of system parameters on the limiting performance is investigated; interestingly, the tunneling rate can affect the limiting performance of the system so that the threshold of the limiting behavior can be a function of the input voltage, allowing the optimization of the limiting action. Furthermore, by investigating the absorption of the probe field, it is demonstrated that the optical limiting is due to a reverse saturable absorption mechanism; indeed, analytical results show that this mechanism is based on a cross-Kerr optical nonlinearity induced by the tunneling. Additionally, the limiting properties of the system are studied by using a Z-scan technique.
Midterm outcomes of LAA occlusion with the AMPLATZER Cardiac Plug and AMPLATZER Amulet devices in a high-risk cohort
Authors: Tichelbäcker Tobias , Scherner L. , Puls M. , Schillinger W. , Adler C. , Baldus S. , Jacobshagen C. , Hünlich M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLAA occlusion has become a favourable option in patients with atrial fibrillation not eligible for oral anticoagulation therapy. Proof of effectiveness of LAA closure devices in a midterm follow-up period. This retrospective single-center cohort study analysed outcome in patients treated with AMPLATZER Cardiac Plug or AMPLATZER Amulet device. A standardized follow-up by phone call focusing on data of death, stroke and bleeding events was performed. Routine antiplatelet strategy was DAPT for 3 months post procedural. 212 patients (mean age 77 ± 6 years) were included. Follow up was performed in 197 (93%) patients. Patients were at high risk for thromboembolic or bleeding events (prior stroke/TIA 29%; prior bleeding 54%. Overall, there was a mean follow-up period of 1244.2 days (± 756.7) and a total of 674 patient years. We observed 25 events later than day 8 post procedure. We were able to demonstrate a high effectiveness of the AMPLATZER Cardiac Plug/AMPLATZER Amulet devices regarding the prevention of stroke and bleedings in a high-risk real-world cohort during a midterm follow-up period. Overall, we observed remarkably lower rates of stroke and bleedings as predicted with CHA2DS2–VASc and HASBLED scores.
Study in circular auxetic structures for efficiency enhancement in piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting
Authors: Eghbali Pejman , Younesian Davood , Moayedizadeh Armin , Ranjbar Mostafa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPiezoelectric (PZT) components are one of the most popular elements in vibration sensing and also energy harvesting. They are very well established, cost effective and available in different geometries however there are still several challenges in their application particularly in vibration energy harvesting. They are normally narrow-band elements and work in high-frequency range. Their efficiency and power extraction density are also generally low compared with different electromagnetic techniques. Auxetic structures are proposed here to enhance efficiency of the piezoelectric circular patches in vibration energy harvesting. These kinds of patches namely PZT buzzers are inexpensive (less than 10 USD) elements and easily available. Two novel circular auxetic substrates are proposed to improve power extraction capacity of the conventional piezoelectric buzzers. Negative Poison’s ratio of the proposed meta-structure helps in efficiency enhancement. The concept is introduced, analyzed and verified through the finite element modeling and experimental testing. The idea is proved to work by comparing the harvested electrical power in the auxetic design against the conventional plain system. A parametric study is then carried out and effects of important electrical and geometrical parameters as well as the material property on the power extraction efficiency are assessed to arrive at optimum parameters. It is shown that by employing the auxetic design, a remarkable improvement in the harvested power is achievable. It is shown that for the two proposed auxetic designs, at the resonance frequency, we could reach to 10.2 and 13.3 magnification factor with respect to the plain energy harvester. Another important feature is that the resonant frequency in these new designs is very much lower than the conventional resonators. Results of this study can open a new path to application of inexpensive PZT buzzers in large-scale vibration energy harvesting.
A novel and convenient method to evaluate bone cement distribution following percutaneous vertebral augmentation
Authors: Liu Jin , Tang Jing , Liu Hao , Gu Zuchao , Zhang Yu , Yu Shenghui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA convenient method to evaluate bone cement distribution following vertebral augmentation is lacking, and therefore so is our understanding of the optimal distribution. To address these questions, we conducted a retrospective study using data from patients with a single-segment vertebral fracture who were treated with vertebral augmentation at our two hospitals. Five evaluation methods based on X-ray film were compared to determine the best evaluation method and the optimal cement distribution. Of the 263 patients included, 49 (18.63%) experienced re-collapse of treated vertebrae and 119 (45.25%) experienced new fractures during follow-up. A 12-score evaluation method (kappa value = 0.652) showed the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting new fractures (0.591) or re-collapse (0.933). In linear regression with the 12-score method, the bone cement distribution showed a negative correlation with the re-collapse of treated vertebra, but it showed a weak correlation with new fracture. The two prediction curves intersected at a score of 10. We conclude that an X-ray-based method for evaluation of bone cement distribution can be convenient and practical, and it can reliably predict risk of new fracture and re-collapse. The 12-score method showed the strongest predictive power, with a score of 10 suggesting optimal bone cement distribution.
Ultraviolet-B acclimation is supported by functionally heterogeneous phenolic peroxidases
Authors: Rácz Arnold , Czégény Gyula , Csepregi Kristóf , Hideg Éva 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTobacco plants were grown in plant chambers for four weeks, then exposed to one of the following treatments for 4 days: (1) daily supplementary UV-B radiation corresponding to 6.9 kJ m−2 d−1 biologically effective dose (UV-B), (2) daily irrigation with 0.1 mM hydrogen peroxide, or (3) a parallel application of the two treatments (UV-B + H2O2). Neither the H2O2 nor the UV-B treatments were found to be damaging to leaf photosynthesis. Both single factor treatments increased leaf H2O2 contents but had distinct effects on various H2O2 neutralising mechanisms. Non-enzymatic H2O2 antioxidant capacities were increased by direct H2O2 treatment only, but not by UV-B. In contrast, enzymatic H2O2 neutralisation was mostly increased by UV-B, the responses showing an interesting diversity. When class-III peroxidase (POD) activity was assayed using an artificial substrate (ABTS, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)), both treatments appeared to have a positive effect. However, only UV-B-treated leaves showed higher POD activities when phenolic compounds naturally occurring in tobacco leaves (chlorogenic acid or quercetin) were used as substrates. These results demonstrate a substrate-dependent, functional heterogeneity in POD and further suggest that the selective activation of specific isoforms in UV-B acclimated leaves is not triggered by excess H2O2 in these leaves.
BRAF status modulates Interelukin-8 expression through a CHOP-dependent mechanism in colorectal cancer
Authors: Conciatori Fabiana , Bazzichetto Chiara , Amoreo Carla Azzurra , Sperduti Isabella , Donzelli Sara , Diodoro Maria Grazia , Buglioni Simonetta , Falcone Italia , Shirasawa Senji , Blandino Giovanni , Ferretti Gianluigi , Cognetti Francesco , Milella Michele , Ciuffreda Ludovica 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInflammation might substantially contribute to the limited therapeutic success of current systemic therapies in colorectal cancer (CRC). Amongst cytokines involved in CRC biology, the proinflammatory chemokine IL-8 has recently emerged as a potential prognostic/predictive biomarker. Here, we show that BRAF mutations and PTEN-loss are associated with high IL-8 levels in CRC models in vitro and that BRAF/MEK/ERK, but not PI3K/mTOR, targeting controls its production in different genetic contexts. In particular, we identified a BRAF/ERK2/CHOP axis affecting IL-8 transcription, through regulation of CHOP subcellular localization, and response to targeted inhibitors. Moreover, RNA Pol II and an open chromatin status in the CHOP-binding region of the IL-8 gene promoter cooperate towards increased IL-8 expression, after a selective BRAF inhibition. Overall, our data show that IL-8 production is finely and differentially regulated depending on the tumor genetic context and might be targeted for therapeutic purposes in molecularly defined subgroups of CRC patients.
Coupled‐line proximity‐coupled microstrip linear array antenna for millimetre‐wave applications
Authors: Diawuo Henry Abu , Anim Kyei , Jung Young‐Bae 
Published: October 2020

A novel low‐cost, millimetre‐wave antenna has been presented in this communication. The proposed antenna is a proximity‐coupled linear array with coupled feedlines to achieve wideband characteristics. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is achieved and proves that the proposed antenna structure is capable of attaining over twice the bandwidth with the coupled lines than that attained with a single microstrip feedline while achieving lower sidelobe levels. The antenna has a gain of about 15.0 dBi with an half‐power beam width of 12° ± 2° over a frequency range of 27.25–29.25 GHz. It also exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 19.6% from 24.48 to 29.8 GHz.
WISE J044232.92+322734.9: A star-forming galaxy at redshift 1.1 seen through a Galactic dust clump?
Authors: Miettinen O. 
Published: October 2020

Context. Physically unassociated background or foreground objects seen towards submillimetre sources are potential contaminants of both the studies of young stellar objects embedded in Galactic dust clumps and multiwavelength counterparts of submillimetre galaxies (SMGs).
Aims. We aim to search for and characterise the properties of a potential extragalactic object seen in projection towards a Galactic dust clump.
Methods. We employed the near-infrared (3.4 μm and 4.6 μm) and mid-infrared (12 μm and 22 μm) data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and the submillimetre data from the Planck satellite.
Results. We uncovered a source, namely the WISE source J044232.92+322734.9 (hereafter J044232.92), which is detected in the W1–W3 bands of WISE, but undetected at 22 μm (W4), and whose WISE infrared (IR) colours suggest that it is a star-forming galaxy (SFG). This source is seen in projection towards the Planck-detected dust clump PGCC G169.20-8.96, which likely belongs to the Taurus-Auriga cloud complex, at a distance of 140 pc. We used the MAGPHYS+photo-z spectral energy distribution (SED) code to derive the photometric redshift and physical properties of J044232.92. The redshift was derived to be zphot = 1.132−0.165+0.280, while, for example, the stellar mass, IR (8–1000 μm) luminosity, and star formation rate were derived to be M⋆ = 4.6−2.5+4.7 × 1011 M⊙, LIR = 2.8−1.5+5.7 × 1012 L⊙, and SFR = 191−146+580 M⊙ yr−1 (or 281−155+569 M⊙ yr−1 when estimated from the IR luminosity). The derived value of LIR suggests that J044232.92 could be an ultraluminous IR galaxy, and we found that it is consistent with a main sequence SFG at a redshift of 1.132.
Conclusions. The estimated physical properties of J044232.92 are comparable to those of SMGs, except that the derived stellar mass of J044232.92 appears somewhat higher (by a factor of 4–5) than the average stellar masses of SMGs. However, the stellar mass difference could just reflect the poorly sampled SED in the ultraviolet, optical, and near-IR regimes. Indeed, the SED of J044232.92 could not be well constrained using the currently available data (WISE only), and hence the derived redshift of the source and its physical properties should be taken as preliminary estimates. Further observations, in particular high-resolution (sub-)millimetre and radio continuum imaging, are needed to better constrain the redshift and physical properties of J044232.92 and to see if the source really is a galaxy seen through a Galactic dust clump, in particular an SMG population member at z ∼ 1.1.
Acoustic wave propagation through solar granulation: Validity of effective-medium theories, coda waves
Authors: Poulier P.-L. , Fournier D. , Gizon L. , Duvall T. L. 
Published: October 2020

Context. The frequencies, lifetimes, and eigenfunctions of solar acoustic waves are affected by turbulent convection, which is random in space and in time. Since the correlation time of solar granulation and the periods of acoustic waves (∼5 min) are similar, the medium in which the waves propagate cannot a priori be assumed to be time independent.
Aims. We compare various effective-medium solutions with numerical solutions in order to identify the approximations that can be used in helioseismology. For the sake of simplicity, the medium is one dimensional.
Methods. We consider the Keller approximation, the second-order Born approximation, and spatial homogenization to obtain theoretical values for the effective wave speed and attenuation (averaged over the realizations of the medium). Numerically, we computed the first and second statistical moments of the wave field over many thousands of realizations of the medium (finite-amplitude sound-speed perturbations are limited to a 30 Mm band and have a zero mean).
Results. The effective wave speed is reduced for both the theories and the simulations. The attenuation of the coherent wave field and the wave speed are best described by the Keller theory. The numerical simulations reveal the presence of coda waves, trailing the ballistic wave packet. These late arrival waves are due to multiple scattering and are easily seen in the second moment of the wave field.
Conclusions. We find that the effective wave speed can be calculated, numerically and theoretically, using a single snapshot of the random medium (frozen medium); however, the attenuation is underestimated in the frozen medium compared to the time-dependent medium. Multiple scattering cannot be ignored when modeling acoustic wave propagation through solar granulation.
Recent Progress in Radical Decarboxylative Functionalizations Enabled by Transition-Metal (Ni, Cu, Fe, Co or Cr) Catalysis
Authors: Liu Yahu A , Liao Xuebin , Chen Hui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAliphatic carboxylic acids are abundant in natural and synthetic sources and are widely used as connection points in many chemical transformations. Radical decarboxylative functionalization promoted by transition-metal catalysis has achieved great success, enabling carboxylic acids to be easily transformed into a wide variety of products. Herein, we highlight the recent advances made on transition-metal (Ni, Cu, Fe, Co or Cr) catalyzed C–X (X = C, N, H, O, B, or Si) bond formation as well as syntheses of ketones, amino acids, alcohols, ethers and difluoromethyl derivatives via radical decarboxylation of carboxylic acids or their derivatives, including, among others, redox-active esters (RAEs), anhydrides, and diacyl peroxides.1 Introduction2 Ni-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Functionalizations3 Cu-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Functionalizations4 Fe-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Functionalizations5 Co- and Cr-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Functionalizations6 Conclusions
Percutaneous Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: Current Status and Future Trends
Authors: Watts Micah M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEndovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a common, safe, and effective method of treating abdominal aortic aneurysms. Traditionally treated via surgical cutdown over the common femoral arteries, many recent studies demonstrate percutaneous access techniques to avoid the surgical cutdown. Developing familiarity with these percutaneous techniques, including risks, complications, adjuncts, and alternative accesses, can help improve the outcomes and availability of EVAR. As these techniques become increasingly common, it is not unlikely that they can be practiced safely in select patients in an outpatient setting.
Evolving Concepts, Management, and Treatment of Type 1 Endoleaks after Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Gaffey Ann C. , Damrauer Scott M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOver the past 20 years, there has been tremendous progress in endovascular aneurysm repair techniques and devices. The application of new third- and fourth-generation devices (from 2003 onward) has led to changes in the incidence and management of endoleaks. This comprehensive review aims to outline the most recent concepts with respect to pathophysiology/risk factors and management of Type 1 endoleaks.
Survival Rates for Porcelain Laminate Veneers: A Systematic Review
Authors: AlJazairy Yousra H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to analyze and compare the most up-to-date information available on long-term, medium-term, and short-term survival rates of porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) and investigate the homogeneity in current studies or lack of it. An electronic search was performed using PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, Science Direct, Wiley, and Scopus databases. Based on the PRISMA guidelines, the main inclusion criteria consisted of research articles published after the year 2000, in vivo studies with a follow-up period of at least 1 year and reporting of the Kaplan–Meier estimated cumulative survival rates. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the modified systematic assessment list consisting of 24 items. Thirty full-text articles were reviewed in detail. A total of 30 articles met the inclusion criteria and were selected for qualitative synthesis. The remaining 27 publications were retained to discuss the heterogeneity in the current literature and reported longevity of veneer restorations. A conclusive estimation of the longevity of PLVS beyond 20 years is lacking. The availability of evidence in the current literature is limited in terms of sample size and duration of follow-up. However, the majority of studies have concluded that PLVs have high-success rates and predictable patient outcomes. The present literature indicates an increased heterogeneity among research study designs. Researchers should aim for homogeneous study designs that can be included in systematic reviews and meta-analyses.