bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Residual Curvature Configuration of Coiled Tubing and Analysis of the Effect on Downhole Buckling Behavior
Authors: Zhao Le , Zhang Hong , Duan Qingquan , Long Xiting 
Published: December 2020

Summary
This study discusses the development of a finite element analysis (FEA) model that describes the bending and straightening process of coiled tubing (CT) at the wellhead and the buckling process after CT is run in wells. On this basis, this study calculates the initial residual bending configuration quantitatively for the first time and describes the residual stress and strain-changing regularity. The initial residual bending configuration of CT under wellbore constraints after running into the hole is sinusoidal, which essentially affects the CT downhole mechanical behavior. Simulating the buckling process of the CT string in the vertical and horizontal sections with the CT string assumed straight served as control subjects. This study verifies the accuracy of the numerical simulation method by comparing the results of critical buckling loads to previous research results. The initial residual bending configuration significantly affects axial load transfer and reduces the least axial force required to produce a helical buckling in the wellbore. The residual stress induced by the bending and straightening process at the wellhead makes the buckling and buckling release of CT downhole an elastic-plastic process, whereas it becomes an elastic buckling process if the initial configuration of the CT string is assumed straight. The comparison between the buckling process of CT with residual bending and CT without residual bending shows that the effect of residual bending on CT cannot be ignored when studying the downhole mechanical behavior or job design.
Ex-Vivo Forces Associated with Intrauterine Device Placement and Perforation: A Biomechanical Evaluation of Hysterectomy Specimens
Authors: Duncan Jane , Fay Kathryn E. , Sanders Jessica , Cappiello Benjamin , Saviers-Steiger Jane , Turok David K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: This biomechanical analysis of hysterectomy specimens assesses the forces associated with intrauterine device placement. These include compressive forces required to cause uterine perforation with two commonly available commercial intrauterine device placement instruments and a metal uterine sound.Methods: We obtained hysterectomy specimens at a single academic center. All specimens resulted from excision for benign conditions in premenopausal women by any operative method. Within one hour of excision, we stabilized uterine specimens in an apparatus specifically designed for this analysis. A single, experienced clinician performed all experimental maneuvers and measured forces with a Wagner FDIX-25 force gauge. The investigator applied traction on a tenaculum to approximate force used during an intrauterine device placement. The maximum compressive force to the uterine fundus was determined by using manufacturers’ placement instruments for two commercially available products and a metal sound. Results: Sixteen individuals provided hysterectomy specimens. No complete perforations occurred while using loaded intrauterine devices; in a single observation the LNG IUS entered the myometrium. The plastic intrauterine device placement rod bowed in all attempts and did not perforate the uterine serosa at the fundus. A metal uterine sound created a complete perforation in all specimens, (p<.001). The lowest mean maximum force generated occurred with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system placement instrument 12.3 N (SD±3.8N), followed by the copper T380A intrauterine device placement instrument 14.1 N (SD±4.0N), and highest for the metal sound 17.9N (SD±7.6N) (P<0.01).Conclusions: In this ex-vivo model, metal uterine sounds caused complete perforation and intrauterine device placement instruments did not. This study received Institutional Review Board approval (IRB0059096).
Level of Knowledge and Wound Care Practice at a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Ethiopia: A Survey in 180 Nurses
Authors: desta melak , Tenaw Manaye , Ayalew Emiru 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWound infections are a global public health challenge, a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Poor wound care results delayed wound healing process and wound infections. Improving the knowledge and practice of wound care is paramount to reduce wound infection. However, there is no study done in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of nurses who worked at Felege Hiwot Specialized Hospital towards wound healing and care. MethodsA survey was conducted among 180 nurses worked in Felegehiwot specialized hospital during January 1 to 30, 2018. The study participants were selected through simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study participants. Both Bivariable and multivariable ordinal logistic regression was done and proportional odds ratio (POR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported to show the strength of association. A p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant.ResultIn this study, 34 (18.7%) and 17 (9.3%) of nurses have a good knowledge and practice on wound healing and care. While 41.8% and nearly three-fourths (60%) of the participants have a poor level of knowledge and practice on wound care respectively. Working experience of fewer than 5 years (aPOR 0.42, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.72), working in the surgical ward (aPOR 5.45, 95 % CI: 1.61, 2.21) and in the emergency department (aPOR, 0.26, 95%CI: 0.03, 0.18) were significant factors of knowledge of wound care. While, get training (aPOR 1.9, 95% CI: 0.59, 0.87) and good knowledge (aPOR 5.56, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.26) on wound care increased the level of practice. ConclusionsThe knowledge and practice of wound care of nurses were found to be poor. Above two-fifth of nurses doesn’t provide predischarge education on wound care. For this, provision of a structured preservice and in-service training and education program on wound healing and care, improve nurses educational level or experience sharing, establish and put in place wound healing and care guideline and assessment tools in hospitals and conduct the further qualitative study the level of wound care practice was recommended.
Heterogeneity in the Association Between Prediabetes Categories and Development of Impaired Renal Function in A 5-Year Follow-Up&nbsp;
Authors: Manouchehri Marjan , Cea-Soriano Lucía , Franch-Nadal Josep , Ruiz Antonio , Goday Albert , Villanueva Rosa , Diez-Espino Javier , Mata-Cases Manel , Girladez-García Carolina , Regidor Enrique 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Impaired renal function (IRF) in patients with diabetes impose a significant health burden. This study evaluates the association of three diagnostic categories of with a reduction on glomerular filtration rate Methods: We used data from PREDAPS prospective study a cohort of 1072 subjects with prediabetes and another cohort of 772 subjects without prediabetes were follow-up from 2012 to 2017. Prediabetes was defined according to American Association of Diabetes (ADA) criteria. IRF was defined as having a glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Incidence rate of IRF according to prediabetes and diagnostic categories of prediabetes as well as Kaplan Meir figures were calculated. Hazard ratios (HR) for the association of the prediabetes diagnostic categories of prediabetes with IRF, adjusting for potential confounders, were estimated by Cox regression models.Results: IRF Incidence rate per 100 person-years in subjects without prediabetes was 1.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34-2.21) and 1.79 (95%CI: 1.45-2.20) for those with prediabetes stage, log rank test p= 0.84. Prediabetes was associated with an adjusted HR of IRF onset of 0.76 (95% CI: 0. 54-1.07). Corresponding HR for diagnostic categories were 0.68 (95%CI:0.40-1.15) for those with both altered parameters, 0.68 (95%CI: 00.40-1.15) for those with only impaired HbA1c and 1.12 (95%CI: 0.68-1.85) for those with only impaired FPG. Conclusions: The present study reflects an overall trend towards a slightly decreased risk of IRF onset associated to prediabetes except for individuals with only isolated impaired FPG. Further studies are warranted to fully assess the renal progression of each group.
WITHDRAWN: Fungal Sensing Skin
Authors: Adamatzky Andrew , Gandia Antoni , Chiolerio Alessandro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

BackgroundA fungal skin is a thin exible sheet of a living homogeneous mycelium made by a lamentous fungus. The skin could be used in future living architectures of adaptive buildings and as a sensing living skin for soft self-growing/adaptive robots.ResultsIn experimental laboratory studies we demonstrate that the fungal skin is capable for recognising mechanical and optical stimulation. The skin reacts dierently to loading of a weight, removal of the weight, and switching illumination on and off.ConclusionsThese are the rst experimental evidences that fungal materials can be used not only as mechanical `skeletons' in architecture and robotics but also as intelligent skins capable for recognition of external stimuli and sensorial fusion.
Role of Exercise Testing and Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Paradoxical Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Marí-López Belén , Izquierdo-Gómez María Manuela , Laynez-Cerdeña Ignacio , Duque-González Amelia , Isla Leopoldo Pérez de , Baeza-Garzón Flor , García-Niebla Javier , Lacalzada-Almeida Juan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The clinical behavior and prognosis of patients with asymptomatic paradoxical low-gradient aortic stenosis (PLGAS) still remain controversial. Some authors consider PLGAS as an echocardiographically poorly quantified moderate AS (MAS). We aimed to investigate the clinical behavior of PLGAS by comparing it with that of asymptomatic high-gradient aortic stenosis (HG-AS) and MAS using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with speckle tracking imaging (STI) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).Methods A cohort of 113 patients was included and categorized into three groups according to AS type: MAS (n=63), HG-AS (n=29), and PLGAS (n=21). Patients’ clinical data were obtained. Patients underwent 2D TTE with STI and CPET. Results There were no significant differences in the clinical variables between the three AS groups. In the multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis, with PLGAS being the reference category, the most powerful variable for establishing a difference with HG-AS was the left ventricular mass (LVM) indexed by body-surface area (odds ratio [OR]=1.04, confidence interval [CI]=1.01-1.06, p<0.05). The MAS group showed a lower valvuloarterial impedance (OR=0.262, CI=0.12-0.59, p=0.001), fewer abnormal CPET (OR=0.198, CI=0.06-0.69, p<0.05), and higher left ventricle global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR) (OR=0.003, CI=0.00-0.35, p<0.05) than the PLGAS group.Conclusions TTE with STI and CPET established the clear differences between patients with asymptomatic PLGAS and those with asymptomatic MAS, as well as the similarities between patients with PLGAS and those with HG-AS. Our data identifies PLGAS as a completely different entity from MAS.
Hypoxia-Induced ROS Promotes Mitochondrial Fission and Cisplatin Chemosensitivity via HIF-1α/Mff Regulation
Authors: Wu Kun , Mao Yuan-yuan , Chen Qi , Zhang Bolin , Zhang Sheng , Wu Han-jiang , Li Yan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundChemotherapy treatment based on Cisplatin (CDDP) is established as the drug of choice for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Malignant tumors respond to microenvironment alteration through a dynamic balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion. HNSCC is known to have hypoxic conditions, yet the effects and underlying mechanisms of hypoxia on chemosensitivity and mitochondrial dynamics remain unclear. ResultsWe found that hypoxia promoted mitochondrial fission and CDDP sensitivity in HNSCC cells. Importantly, Mff was shown to be correlated with chemosensitivity in clinical samples of HNSCC that underwent a hypoxic condition. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α-subunit (HIF-1α) dramatically increased Mff transcriptional expression and directly bound to Mff. Hypoxia enhanced the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated the expression of Mff via HIF-1α in HNSCC cells. ROS depletion in HNSCC cells attenuated HIF-1α, Mff expression, and mitochondrial fission. Moreover, a knockdown of Mff suppressed hypoxia-induced mitochondrial fission and decreased CDDP chemosensitivity in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions﻿Our findings revealed that the hypoxia-induced release of ROS promoted mitochondrial fission and CDDP chemosensitivity via the regulation of HIF-1α/Mff in HNSCC cells, indicating that Mff may serve as a new biomarker to predict neoadjuvant chemosensitivity in HNSCC patients.
Self-Adaptive Spike Voltage-dependent Plasticity Emulated by a Metalloporphyrin-Based Memristor
Authors: Wang Zhiyong , Wang Laiyuan , Wu Yiming , Bian Linyi , Nagai Masaru , Jv Ruolin , Xie Linghai , Ling Hai-Feng , Li Qi , Bian Hongyu , Yi Mingdong , Shi Naien , Liu Xiaogang , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
By threshold-regulated neural firing and synaptic weight updates in biological neuron–synapse combinations, neural systems can selectively and autonomously encode and process spatiotemporal information. Emulating such an exquisite biological process in electronic devices is a fundamental step toward realizing intelligent neuromorphic systems with self-adaptivity, energy-efficient in-situ edge/parallel computing, and probabilistic inference. Here we report a self-threshold design of prototype artificial axons based on metalloporphyrin, a molecular medium that allows dual electronic/ionic migration in hybrid heterojunction oxide memristors. Threshold behaviors in biological neurons are emulated by introducing metalloporphyrin into alumina-oxide memristors. We show that the memristor achieves smooth, gradual conductive transitions. As a unique feature of such a hybrid system, the endurable current-voltage characteristics of the memristor can be enhanced by altering the metal center to achieve the desired metal–oxygen bonding energy and oxygen migration dynamics. The spike voltage-dependent plasticity is recorded with a positive threshold voltage stemming from the interfacial counterbalance between the vacancy-induced Coulomb force and the external electric field. We further build memristive arrays that directly emulate the self-adaptive and signal-filtering function of the human visual system. These results suggest that the metalloporphyrin platform offers vast opportunities for implementing efficient neural-signal analysis in neuromorphic hardware.
Mediating Effect of Secondary Traumatic Stress and Compassion Satisfaction on the Association Between Stress and Burnout: the Korea Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Lee Hyangkyu , Baek Wonhee , Lim Arum , Lee Dajung , Yanghee Pang , Kim Oksoo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNurses’ burnout is a public health epidemic around the world that adversely affects nurses’ quality of life as well as the patient's outcomes. In this study, we aim to test a hypothetical path model evaluating the influence of stress on nurse's burnout and to identify the mediating effects of secondary traumatic stress (STS) and compassion satisfaction (CS) among clinical nurses in South Korea. MethodsA quantitative, cross-sectional study evaluated the survey data from 10,305 female registered nurses who participated in the Korea Nurses’ Health Study (KNHS) Module 5. The survey included a demographic questionnaire and the Professional Quality of Life version 5 (ProQOL 5). Bootstrap analyses (using the PROCESS macro) was employed to evaluate the mediating effect between variables. ResultsStress was significantly associated with burnout and mediated by STS and CS. In addition, the magnitude of the indirect effects of CS was significantly greater than the magnitude of the indirect effects of STS. The findings of this study showed the positive aspect (CS) of work experiences might offset the negative aspects (STS), consequently reducing the burnout level. ConclusionsOur study findings suggest that a multidimensional approach to assessing nurse burnout and implementing proper management will help to improve quality of life for nurses and help maintain positive attitudes and quality of patient care.
A Case of Lipomyelomeningocele Causing Equinovarus is Reported
Authors: Hou Chengcai , Zhang Guanghui , Han Hui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Lipomyelomeningocele ( LMM) is a congenital factor that causes clubfoot. This disease often develops into adulthood and often has rigid deformities. This is the most difficult orthopedic and functional reconstruction surgery. Case presentation We reporta case of stiff clubfoot caused by Lipomyelomeningocele（LMM）. Through osteotomy correction and Soft tissue loosening, clubfoot deformity was corrected and good results were achieved. Conclusion The use of osteotomy correction technology combined with Soft tissue loosening to treat adult stiff clubfoot can correct the deformity and restore the shape of the foot and ankle. The effect is definite and it is worthy of popularization and application.
Oxymatrine Improves the Integrity of the Blood-Brain Barrier after Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through the Caveolin-1/MMP-9 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yu Jiaoyan , Liu Qingqing , Li Xi , Zhao Mei , Sun Ting , Hu Na , Jiang Wei , Zhang Ruitao , Yang Peng , Yang Qi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) is a major neurological disease worldwide and is associated with extremely high morbidity and mortality. Oxymatrine (OMT) has neuroprotective properties and protects against IS. However, whether its protective effect involves the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is unknown.MethodsHere, we used in vivo and in vitro models of IS to evaluate the protective effect of OMT and its mechanism with regard to the BBB. We assayed the role of OMT using neurological function scores and triphenyltetrazolium chloride, Nissl, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining.ResultsOMT significantly improved the neurological function and brain state and reduced BBB permeability in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Additionally, OMT improved the tight junction of bEend.3 cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation. Moreover, intracranial lentivirus injection-induced Cav-1 knockdown reduced the neuroprotective effects of OMT.ConclusionsOMT could improve I/R injury-induced damage to the BBB, and its effects may be related to the regulation of the Cav-1/MMP-9 signaling pathway. This suggests that OMT may offer effective protection against BBB injury after I/R.
The Effect of Homelessness on the HIV Care Continuum in an Underserved Metropolitan Area of the South : Potential Implications for Ending the HIV Epidemic in America.
Authors: Berthaud Vladimir , Johnson Livette , Jennings Ronda , Chandler-Auguste Maxine , Osijo Abosede , Baldwin Marie , Juarez Paul , Matthews-Juarez Patricia , Wilus Derek , Tabatabai Mohammad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A wealth of scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of HIV prophylaxis and treatment. Homelessness has become one of the strongest predictors of health status and viral suppression among vulnerable populations and can undermine the national plan to eliminate HIV by 2030. This retrospective observational study examined the extent in which homelessness affects HIV treatment in an underserved urban area of Middle Tennessee in 2014-2019. Among 692 HIV-seropositive patients, the proportion of homeless patients increased from 13.5% to 27.7%, thrice the national average for HIV-seropositive people (8.4%) and twice that of Ryan White patients nationwide (12.9%). Our findings suggest that homeless patients were half as likely to achieve viral suppression as compared to those who had a permanent/stable home [OR 0.48 (0.32-0.72), p-value <0.001]. The alarming rate of homelessness in this population raises serious concerns for long-term HIV treatment outcomes and the trajectory of the syndemic of homelessness and HIV.
Network Pharmacology Dissection of Multi-scale Mechanisms of Action of Tu-Xian Mixture for the Treatment of Diabetic Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Yan Bin , Sun Qing , Sun Jianhong , Tian Guoqing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been used in the treatment of diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI), and Tu-Xian mixture is one of the prescriptions. This study used a network pharmacology method to predict the active ingredients, potential targets and pathways of Tu-Xian mixture in the treatment of DCI.Methods The potential active ingredients of Tu-xian mixture were obtained by querying databases such as TCMSP, drug targets were screened through Pharmmapper, ETCM, and UniProt databases, and disease target protein groups were collected using TTD, OMIM, and CTD databases. Therapeutic targets were obtained by comparative analysis. Then use WebGestalt to complete GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis.Results A total of 51 active ingredients and 619 potential targets were obtained, among which there were 33 key targets for diabetes and 18 key targets for cognitive impairment. After GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis, steroid hormone biosynthesis and γ-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway may be the important metabolic pathways for Tu-Xian mixture to perform therapeutic effects.Conclusions This work promoted the comprehension of Tu-Xian mixture in the treatment of DCI, and further experimental verification of the prediction results was still needed to support its clinical application.
Study on the Mechanism of Gastrodia Rhizoma "FEATURE Identification based Quality Assessmen" based on Neuroprotection
Authors: Wang Bing , Sun Yan-tao , Zhang Hui , Kang Ting-guo , Pei Wen-han 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The theory of "Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen" is the essence of traditional Chinese medicine experience identification, and the theory is to identify the quality of Chinese Materia Medica by its properties. The mechanism of evaluating quality through "Feature " has not been clarified. Methods: We used artificial intelligence sensory technology electronic nose, electronic tongue and other instruments to quantitatively determine the “feature” include "Shape, Color, Qi, taste" of Gastrodia Rhizoma. The relationship between fingerprint of chemical constituents and protective effects on OGD/R injury of SH-SY5Y cells of 30 batches of medicinal materials was analyzed, and the Pharmacodynamic Components Group (six compounds) of Gastrodia Rhizoma were determined. In vitro and in vivo pharmacodynamic experiments confirmed that the Pharmacodynamic Components Group had good protective effects on OGD/R injury of SH-SY5Y cells, spinal injury of zebrafish and cerebral ischemia of rats, and could be widely distributed in rats.Results: The Pharmacodynamic Components Group could represent more than 90% of the whole pharmacodynamic effect of Gastrodia Rhizoma, which showed that the Pharmacodynamic Components Group was basically equivalent to the crude drug. Through the correlation analysis of “feature” and Pharmacodynamic Components Group, we revealed that the mechanism of “Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen” of Gastrodia Rhizoma was related to the six components of the Pharmacodynamic Components Group. Conclusions: The mechanism of "Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen" of Gastrodia Rhizoma based on "Feature" is that "Shape", "Color", "Qi" and "Taste" of Gastrodia Rhizoma have significant correlation with the content of Pharmacodynamic Components Group. This study provides a new way of thinking for the interpretation of the scientific connotation of " Feature Identification based Quality Assessmen" and the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine