bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PTSD Coach Online–Arabic: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial to Examine Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Effectiveness
Authors: Miller‐Graff Laura , Ellis Kate , Hosny Nadine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Egyptian Revolution of 2011 resulted in high‐level exposure to sociopolitical violence, placing a large burden on the mental health care system that cannot be effectively met given the small number of available providers in Egypt. We conducted a nonblinded, randomized controlled pilot trial of an online, self‐directed tool for managing posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the PTSD Coach Online–Arabic. Trauma‐exposed Egyptian adults with clinically significant PTSS (N = 87; intervention group: n = 41) completed assessments at baseline, weekly over the treatment period, posttest, and 3‐month follow‐up. Of participants who completed weekly surveys, 88.9% used the program; 22.0% of participants reported regular, weekly use. Most tools received good likeability and perceived benefit scores, but lower perceived benefit scores on three tools suggest that some content may require additional adaptation. Intent‐to‐treat analyses using multilevel modeling with multiple imputation to account for missing data were conducted. Effect sizes for PTSS were below the cutoff for small effects at posttest, d = −0.14, but demonstrated a small positive effect at 3‐months, d = −0.25. There was a small positive effect of treatment on anxiety at posttest, d = −0.37, and a medium effect at 3‐month follow‐up, d = −0.49. Treatment effects for depressed mood were below the cutoff for small effects at posttest and 3‐months, ds = −0.14 and −0.18. These findings suggest that the PTSD Coach Online–Arabic may be a promising supplemental resource for support in this setting.
What's in a Label? The Impact of Media and Sexual Assault Characteristics on Survivor Rape Acknowledgment
Authors: Newins Amie R. , Wilson Laura C. , Kanefsky Rebekah Z. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMedia coverage of sexual assault has increased since 2017 due to high‐profile cases and social media campaigns designed to increase awareness of sexual assault. The purpose of this study was to examine whether media coverage of the Harvey Weinstein allegations and the onset of the 2017 viral #MeToo movement impacted the likelihood of college women acknowledging their own victimization as rape. Participants were 207 female rape survivors who completed an online survey that included assessments of survivor acknowledgment and characteristics of the sexual assault. Some participants completed the study prior to the Harvey Weinstein allegations and onset of the #MeToo movement, and some participants completed the study after these events. The likelihood of survivors labeling their experience as rape did not differ based on when participants completed the study, odds ratios (ORs) = 0.61–3.92, ps = .127‐.604. Use of both nonforceful verbal resistance, OR = 2.63, p = .001, and assertive resistance, OR = 3.05, p < .001, were positively associated with the likelihood of survivor acknowledgment. The effects of both perpetrators’ use of force and experiencing immobility on survivor acknowledgment were moderated by the timing of study completion, ORs = 4.22 and 0.11, respectively, ps = .023‐.040. These findings suggest that media coverage may impact how certain sexual assault characteristics influence how survivors label their victimization experiences.
Landscape Connectivity Influences Survival and Resource Use following Long‐Distance Translocation of Northern Bobwhite
Authors: Coppola Philip M. , Williams Christopher K. , Terhune Theron M. , Parke John , Cecil John 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTTranslocation is an important component of northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) recovery efforts, given the scale of their decline and inability to rapidly recolonize recently restored habitat. Repopulating sites in northern latitudes that are distant from reliable source populations may require long‐distance trap and transport from southern locales, potentially compounding existing obstacles for this renascent population recovery technique. The landscape connectivity hypothesis predicts that site fidelity and survival would be lower if release properties are small and fragmented and home range sizes would be smaller and dispersal distances would be lower if habitat quality at the release site is perceived to be high and the surrounding matrix is of low permeability. We evaluated this hypothesis to determine if northern bobwhite survival, site fidelity, and resource selection following translocation differed between 2 contrasting landscapes in the Mid‐Atlantic region of the United States. We translocated 508 radio‐collared northern bobwhites from northern Florida and southern Georgia, to small, fragmented properties on the eastern shore of Maryland and large, contiguous properties in southern New Jersey, USA. We monitored northern bobwhites via radio‐telemetry from approximately 1 April through 30 September, 2015–2018, 2–7 times a week. Breeding season (182 days after release) survival varied among sites, and was generally higher at the 2 New Jersey release sites than at the 2 Maryland sites, yet an acclimation period is ostensibly required to obtain reasonable breeding survival estimates to elicit population growth. Site fidelity, maximum dispersal distances, and home range sizes were lower at the smaller, fragmented Maryland properties than the larger New Jersey properties. These results support the landscape connectivity hypothesis such that reduced connectivity in our study decreased site fidelity and survival. Temporal variation in survival was potentially an artifact of translocation stress or maladaptive behavior during initial acclimation to the release sites, indicating that higher stocking rates may be needed to provide adequate founder abundance for translocation success. Northern bobwhites used early‐successional cover at all sites, though selection varied based on scale of analysis and landscape context. These vital rate estimates and resource use patterns should be used to guide future translocations within the Mid‐Atlantic, provide perspective for this population restoration technique range wide, and stimulate further investigation into limiting factors. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Reliability of peak expiratory flow percentage compared to endoscopic grading in subglottic stenosis
Authors: Song Sungjin A. , Santeerapharp Alena , Choksawad Kanittha , Franco Ramon A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the reliability of pulmonary function testing compared to endoscopic grading in the assessment of subglottic stenosis.MethodsConsecutively treated patients with subglottic stenosis at a tertiary care specialty hospital from 2009 to 2019 were identified. Two fellowship‐trained laryngologists and two otolaryngologists blinded to clinical history reviewed laryngo tracheoscopic examinations and assessed the degree of stenosis using the Cotton‐Myer grading system (% stenosis). Nine full flow‐volume loops were performed at the time of each exam.ResultsThe endoscopic images of 45 subjects were graded for degree of stenosis and the spirometry data were analyzed. The kappa values for Cotton‐Myer grade overall was 0.37, grade I was −0.103, grade II was 0.052, and grade III was 0.045. The overall intraclass correlation of the physician grading of estimated percent obstruction (% stenosis) was 0.712 (P < .01) whereas the overall intraclass correlation for PEF% was 0.96 (P < .01). Within each Cotton‐Myer grade, the intraclass correlation for % stenosis was 0.45 (P = .02) for grade I, 0.06 (P = .30) for grade II, and 0.16 (P = .03) for grade III. The intraclass correlation for PEF% for grade I was 0.97 (P < .01), grade II was 0.92 (P < .01), and grade III was 0.96 (P < .01).ConclusionCotton‐Myer grading and estimating percent obstruction (% stenosis) for adult subglottic stenosis showed poor reliability as an assessment tool compared to the excellent intraclass correlation seen with pulmonary function tests within each Cotton‐Myer grade subgroup. We recommend pulmonary function testing, specifically PEF% because it is a normalized value, for the assessment and management of subglottic stenosis.Level of evidence4.
Differential effects of press vs. pulse seawater intrusion on microbial communities of a tidal freshwater marsh
Authors: Mobilian Courtney , Wisnoski Nathan I. , Lennon Jay T. , Alber Merryl , Widney Sarah , Craft Christopher B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTidal freshwater marshes (TFMs) are threatened by seawater intrusion, which can affect microbial communities and alter biogeochemical processes. Here, we report on a long‐term, large‐scale manipulative field experiment that investigated continuous (press) and episodic (pulse, 2 months/yr) inputs of brackish water on microbial communities in a TFM. After 2.5 yr, microbial diversity was lower in press treatments than in control (untreated) plots whereas diversity in pulse plots was unaffected by brackish water additions. Sulfate reducer abundance increased in response to both press and pulse treatments whereas methanogens did not differ among treatments. Our results, along with other lab and field measurements that show reduced soil respiration and extracellular enzyme activity suggest that continuous seawater intrusion will decrease macrophyte C inputs that reduce bacterial diversity in ways that also diminish ecosystem carbon cycling.
A novel heterozygous variant of the COL4A4 gene in a Chinese family with hematuria and proteinuria leads to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Fan Liang‐Liang , Liu Lv , Luo Fang‐Mei , Du Ran , Wang Chen‐Yu , Dong Yi , Liu Ji‐Shi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), as the frequent primary glomerular diseases in adults, accounts for symptomless proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome with or without renal insufficiency. As the crucial lesion of chronic kidney disease (CKD), accumulating evidence from recent studies show that mutations in Collagen‐related genes may be responsible for FSGS. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic lesion of a Chinese family with FSGS and CKD.MethodsIn this study, we recruited a Han‐Chinese family with unexplained high serum creatinine, hematuria, and proteinuria. Further renal biopsy and renal pathology indicated the diagnosis of FSGS in the proband. Whole‐exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were employed to explore the pathogenic mutation of this family.ResultsA novel heterozygous mutation (NM_000092 c.2030G>A, p.G677D) of the collagen type IV alpha‐4 gene (COL4A4) was detected. Co‐segregation analysis revealed that the novel mutation was carried by all the five affected individuals and absent in other healthy members as well as in our 200 local control cohorts. Bioinformatics predication indicated that this novel mutation was pathogenic and may disrupt the structure and function of type IV collagen. Simultaneously, this variant is located in an evolutionarily conserved site of COL4A4 protein.ConclusionHere, we identified a novel mutation of COL4A4 in a family with FSGS and CKD. Our study expanded the variants spectrum of the COL4A4 gene and contributed to the genetic counseling and prenatal genetic diagnosis of the family. In addition, we also recommended the new classification of collagen IV nephropathies, which may be a benefit to the diagnosis, target drug treatment, and management of patients with COL4A3/COL4A4 mutations.
Spatial feature fusion convolutional network for liver and liver tumor segmentation from CT images
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Liu Junchi , Ma Yan , He Jiangping , Han Jincang , Ding Xiaoyang , Chen Chin‐Tu 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe accurate segmentation of liver and liver tumors from CT images can assist radiologists in decision‐making and treatment planning. The contours of liver and liver tumors are currently obtained by manual labeling, which is time‐consuming and subjective. Computer‐aided segmentation methods have been widely used in the segmentation of liver and liver tumors. However, due to the diversity of shape, volume, and image intensity, the segmentation is still a difficult task. In this study, we present a Spatial Feature Fusion Convolutional Network (SFF‐Net) to automatically segment liver and liver tumors from CT images.MethodsFirst, we extract side‐outputs at each convolutional block in SFF‐Net to make full use of multiscale features. Second, skip‐connections are added in the down‐sampling phase, therefore, the spatial information can be efficiently transferred to later layers. Third, we present feature fusion blocks (FFBs) to merge spatial features and high‐level semantic features from early layers and later layers, respectively. Finally, a fully connected 3D conditional random fields (CRFs) is applied to refine the liver and liver tumor segmentation results.ResultsWe test our method on the MICCAI 2017 Liver Tumor Segmentation (LiTS) challenge dataset. The Dice Global (DG) score, Dice per case (DC) score, Volume Overlap Error (VOE), Average Symmetric Surface Distance (ASSD), and tumor precision score are calculated to evaluate the liver and liver tumor segmentation accuracies. For the liver segmentation, DG is 0.955; DC is 0.937; VOE is 0.106; and ASSD is 3.678. For the tumor segmentation, DG is 0.746; DC is 0.592; VOE is 0.416; ASSD is 1.585 and the tumor precision score is 0.369.ConclusionsThe SFF‐Net learns more spatial information by adding skip‐connections and feature fusion blocks. The experiments validate that our method can accurately segment liver and liver tumors from CT images.
TCMP‐2 affects tomato flowering and interacts with BBX16, a homolog of the arabidopsis B‐box MiP1b
Authors: Molesini Barbara , Dusi Valentina , Pennisi Federica , Di Sansebastiano Gian Pietro , Zanzoni Serena , Manara Anna , Furini Antonella , Martini Flavio , Rotino Giuseppe Leonardo , Pandolfini Tiziana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFlowering and fruiting are processes subject to complex control by environmental and endogenous signals. Endogenous signals comprise, besides classical phytohormones, also signaling peptides and miniproteins. Tomato cystine‐knot miniproteins (TCMPs), which belong to a Solanaceous‐specific group of Cys‐rich protein family, have been recently involved in fruit development.TCMP‐1andTCMP‐2display a highly modulated expression pattern during flower and fruit development. A previous study reported that a change in the ratio of the two TCMPs affects the timing of fruit production. In this work, to investigate TCMP‐2 mode of action, we searched for its interacting partners. One of the interactors identified by a yeast two hybrid screen, was the B‐box domain‐containing protein 16 (SlBBX16), whose closest homolog is the Arabidopsis microProtein 1b implicated in flowering time control. We demonstrated the possibility for the two proteins to interactin vivoin tobacco epidermal cells. Arabidopsis plants ectopically overexpressing the TCMP‐2 exhibited an increased level ofFLOWERING LOCUS T(FT) mRNA and anticipated flowering. Similarly, in previously generated transgenic tomato plants with increasedTCMP‐2expression in flower buds, we observed an augmented expression ofSINGLE‐FLOWER TRUSSgene, the tomato ortholog ofFT, whereas the expression of the antiflorigenSELF‐PRUNINGwas unchanged. Consistently, these transgenic plants showed alterations in the flowering pattern, with an accelerated termination of the sympodial units. Overall, our study reveals a novel function for TCMP‐2 as regulatory factor that might integrate, thanks to its capacity to interact withSlBBX16, into the signaling pathways that control flowering, and converge toward florigen regulation.
Sub‐km scale numerical weather prediction model simulations of radiation fog
Authors: Smith Daniel K.E. , Renfrew Ian A. , Dorling Stephen R. , Price Jeremy D. , Boutle Ian A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe numerical weather prediction (NWP) of fog remains a challenge, with accurate forecasts relying on the representation of many interacting physical processes. The recent Local And Non‐local Fog EXperiment (LANFEX) has generated a detailed observational dataset, creating a unique opportunity to assess the NWP of fog events. We evaluate the performance of operational and research configurations of the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM) with three horizontal grid lengths, 1.5 km and 333 and 100 m, in simulating four LANFEX case studies. In general, the subkilometre (sub‐km) scale versions of MetUM are in better agreement with the observations; however, there are a number of systematic model deficiencies. MetUM produces valleys that are too warm and hills that are too cold, leading to valleys that do not have enough fog and hills that have too much. A large sensitivity to soil temperature was identified from a set of parametrisation sensitivity experiments. In all the case studies, the model erroneously transfers heat too readily through the soil to the surface, preventing fog formation. Sensitivity tests show that the specification of the soil thermal conductivity parametrisation can lead to up to a 5‐hr change in fog onset time. Overall, the sub‐km models demonstrate promise, but they have a high sensitivity to surface properties.
Remaining useful life prediction of lithium‐ion battery using a novel health indicator
Authors: Wang Ranran , Feng Hailin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRemaining useful life (RUL) prediction plays a significant role in the health prognostic of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). The capacity or internal resistance is commonly used to quantify degradation process and predict RUL of LIB, but those two indicators are difficult to be obtained due to complex operational conditions and high costs, respectively. To address this issue, we extract a novel health indicator (HI) from the battery current profiles that can be directly measured online. Furthermore, the indicator is optimized by Box‐Cox transformation and evaluated by correlation analysis for degradation modeling accurately. Finally, relevance vector machine (RVM) algorithm is utilized to make a probabilistic prediction for battery RUL based on the extracted HI. The correlation analysis verifies the effectiveness of the novel HI, and comparative experiments demonstrate the proposed method can predict RUL of LIB more accurately.
New CUSUM and dual CUSUM mean charts
Authors: Haq Abdul , Syed Ehsana Anum 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe CUSUM (C) charts are well recognized as a potentially advanced process monitoring tools because of their sensitivity against small and moderate shifts. In this paper, we first improve the sensitivity of the Brownian motion–based C (BC) chart with an appropriate transformation, named new BC (NBC) chart, for monitoring moderate and large shifts in the mean of a normal process. Then, using the control charting structure of the Crosier C (CC) chart, we propose the NBCC (NBC with CC structure) chart. In addition, for efficiently detecting a mean shift within an interval, dual version of these control charts are also proposed, named the dual NBC (DNBC) and dual NBCC (DNBCC) charts. Moreover, the fast initial response feature is also incorporated into the proposed charts. Using the Monte Carlo simulation, the run length properties of the proposed charts are computed. The run length performances of the existing and proposed charts are compared using the extra quadratic loss and integral relative average run length as performance criterion. It turns out that the NBC and NBCC (DNBC and DNBCC) charts are uniformly more sensitive than the C, CC, and NBC (dual C and dual CC) charts when detecting the mean shifts in small, moderate, and large intervals, where the DNBCC chart outperforms all considered charts. The proposed charts are also applied on real data sets to support the proposed theory.
Supramolecular complexes with insertion‐enhanced polarity and tuned IR spectra
Authors: Sullivan Mason , Naumkin Fedor Y. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExtensive computational studies of structure, stability and related properties of an uncommon intermolecular system and its conformers are reported. A small organic molecule is inserted and noncovalently trapped between alkali‐halide counter‐ions, with their recombination prevented by significant potential energy barriers. This produces an extremely polar complex near‐degenerate in energy with its dissociation asymptote and metastable relative to the conformers with the components simply attached. Two possible ways of producing such systems are indicated. Analysis of contributing interactions and dipoles, and their respective additivities is performed. Properties of the ion–molecule sub‐complexes are addressed. The IR intensity spectra are simulated and exhibit a peculiar evolution upon formation of the insertion complex, facilitating its experimental detection and differentiation from other conformers. An insight into the influence of the electric field of the counter‐ions on a reaction inside the system is offered.
First‐principles investigations on the synergistic effect of N‐dopant and lattice‐strain for CO2 reduction to CO on graphene
Authors: Lu Ruihu , Xia Lixue , Wang Huan , Zhao Yan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractImproving the catalytic performance of graphene for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been a promising avenue to abate the concentration of greenhouse gas and develop a strategy of CO2 recyclable utilization. In this paper, we systematically investigate the catalytic performance of different active sites, both on the undoped and N‐doped graphene sheets, under non‐strained (0%) and 1%, 5% and 10% lattice strain (LS) via density functional theory calculations. The results uncover that N‐doping and LS synergistically modulate the electronic structures of graphene, enhancing the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO. Among all models in this work, the site with the highest catalytic activity toward CO2RR is shown to be the carbon atom at the ortho‐position (labeled as G2) relative to the nitrogen heteroatom (denoted by N1) on the graphene under 10% LS due to its lowest overpotential of 1.19 eV. Moreover, the projected density of states and the charge density differences of all systems are calculated to explore the mechanism for the enhancement of CO2 reduction performance. These analyses indicate that the localization of electron density on the G2 site makes it be the most active site on the N‐doped graphene sheet for CO2RR. Hence, our computations demonstrate that by both nitrogen doping and LS increasing on the graphene sheet is a promising way for positive modulating its catalytic activity of the CO2RR.
The electronic states and vibronic absorption spectrum of berberine in aqueous solution
Authors: Kostjukova Lyudmila O. , Kostjukov Victor V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe time‐dependent density functional theory was used to calculate the vibronic absorption spectrum of berberine (BER) in an aqueous solution. The best agreement with the experimental spectrum gives the O3LYP functional. Functionals with long‐range correction showed poor agreement with experiment. The molecular orbitals of BER involved in the electronic transition during light absorption in the visible spectral region have been obtained. The dipole moments and atomic charges of the ground and excited states of the BER molecule have been calculated. Maps of BER electron density and electrostatic potential have been drawn. A significant photoinduced electron transfer from the outer di‐oxygen five‐membered heterocycle to the center of the BER chromophore has been found. According to our calculations, vibronic coupling and Boltzmann distribution play a significant role in the absorption spectrum of BER.