bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric evaluation of the perceived context of reception scale among Hispanic and Somali adolescents
Authors: Forster Myriam , Grigsby Timothy J. , Areba Eunice , Unger Jennifer B. , Rogers Chris J. , Schwartz Seth J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study validates the psychometric properties and correlates of the perceived context of reception (PCOR) scale, a measure of immigrant youth's perceptions of the openness or hostility of their receiving communities, among Hispanic and Somali adolescents.MethodsConfirmatory factor analyses (CFA) was conducted to assess the properties of PCOR among a sample of first‐ and second‐generation Hispanic and Somali youth (N = 311) recruited in the Twin Cities metro area of Minnesota.ResultsCFA results provided evidence that the negative dimension of PCOR was structurally equivalent across ethnicity and generation and has acceptable internal consistency reliability. Negative perception of the receiving community's attitude toward newcomers was positively correlated with perceived discrimination, depressive symptoms, and anxiety.ConclusionResults suggest that negative PCOR is cross‐ethnically valid and that perceptions of the receiving community should be considered an important component of immigrant adaptation.
Utilization of montmorillonite in biostoning process as a strategy for effluent reuse
Authors: Costa Flávia N , de Souza Lima Janaína , Valério Alexsandra , de Souza Antônio AU , de Oliveira Débora 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDBiostoning using cellulase is a process used in place of the traditional stone‐washing of denim. This process guarantees a more controlled removal of the Indigo blue dye from the cotton fibers, giving an aged‐look and softness to denim. However, it also causes backstaining and generates a high volume of colored effluent. In this context, this work evaluated the possibility to reuse the effluent from the biostoning process combined with montmorillonite addition. It is an attractive and sustainable alternative to the conventional process.RESULTSIn this study, four biostoning processes were conducted and the results showed that the moment of the montmorillonite addition affected the washing effects. Clay addition after 40 min of beginning of the process provided washing effects on denim similar to those obtained by traditional biostoning and the highest effluent discoloration percentage (above 96%). Moreover, due to Indigo dye adsorption, the clay addition reduced the backstaining. The results also showed the that washing effects obtained after two consecutive reuses were not significantly different from those obtained with fresh water.CONCLUSIONAdding montmorillonite to biostoning led to a discolor effluent that can be used in repeated processing. Overall, the utilization of clay in the process can be considered a promising alternative to reduce water consumption and environmental impacts without compromising the washing effects. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
T‐cell infiltration profile in musculoskeletal tumors
Authors: Nakajima Kosei , Raz Abraham 
Published: October 2020

AbstractImmunotherapy of musculoskeletal tumors remains clinically challenging and requires the development of gene‐engineered/adoptive exogenous immune cells or the identification of new molecular target(s) that can be therapeutically exploited to improve patient outcome. Recently, endogenous B‐cell infiltration into tumor microenvironments appears to be an essential promising prognostic factor controlling tumor progression in musculoskeletal malignancy. Here, we explored the level of T‐cell infiltration by analyzing expression profiles of CD3E, CD4, and CD8A in 1366 patients and 23 histological types. The data revealed that CD3E and CD8A expressions were predominantly inhibited in bone tumors when compared with normal bone. CD4 expression was upregulated in limited types of tumors, including chondrosarcoma and giant cell tumor of bone, whereas other tumors demonstrated relatively lower expressions. Similarly, regarding soft tissue sarcoma, the expression of T‐cell‐related molecules was largely inhibited. Only in patients with rhabdomyosarcoma, CD3E and CD8A expressions were significantly upregulated, showing the nature of immune‐active tumor. To visualize the immunological microenvironment of rhabdomyosarcoma, we have developed a novel software aimed at analyzing numerous cell‐to‐cell and ligand‐to‐receptor interactions, that is, Environmentome. It has led to the identification of molecular interactions between CD8+ T cell and rhabdomyosarcoma via Galectin3‐LAG3 binding, which is a novel immune checkpoint recently identified. In conclusion, musculoskeletal tumors may be defined as immune‐quiescent tumors, whereby targeting Galectin‐3 and/or immune‐infiltrative agents could be crucial in these immunologically noninflamed musculoskeletal tumors, accelerating immunotherapeutic response.
Continuous Assessment of Gastric Motility and Its Relation to Gastric Emptying in Adult Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Goelen Nick , Janssen Pieter , Tack Jan , Morales John , Honinx Tine , Van den Berghe Greet , Casaer Michael P. , Gunst Jan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundCritically ill patients frequently develop feeding intolerance, which is difficult to predict. In healthy subjects, gastric motility, assessed by nasogastric balloon tube, correlated with gastric emptying. We now investigated this correlation in critically ill patients, as well as the feasibility and safety of such application in a pilot study.MethodsEndotracheally intubated adults scheduled to receive enteral nutrition (EN) were included. After insertion of a double‐lumen nasogastric balloon tube and radiographic confirmation of position, balloon pressure was recorded for 10 hours after inflation (4 hours fasted, 2 hours during administration of 13C‐labeled EN, and 4 hours postprandially). Gastric motility was expressed as Gastric Balloon Motility Index (GBMI), reflecting the fraction of time in which phasic gastric contractions occurred. Gastric emptying was assessed by 13C‐octanoate breath test and expressed as gastric half‐emptying time (GET½). Correlation between GBMI (assessed in different time intervals) and GET½ was investigated by Pearson/Spearman correlation. Feasibility was defined as the success of tube placement and pressure recording. Safety was assessed based on adverse device effects.ResultsThirty patients were enrolled, of whom 19 had paired GBMI and GET½ data. There was no correlation between GBMI and GET½. The tube was successfully placed in 28/30 (93.3%) patients. In 3/28 (10.7%) patients, balloon leakage precluded analysis. Two safety events were directly linked to the device.ConclusionThis pilot study showed no significant correlation between balloon‐assessed gastric motility and emptying in critically ill patients. The feasibility/safety profile of the balloon tube appears similar to that of standard nasogastric tubes.
Inhibition of yes‐associated protein dephosphorylation prevents aggravated periodontitis with occlusal trauma
Authors: Wei Wei , Xue Lili , Tan Liangyu , Liu Jie , Yang Qin , Wang Jiajia , Yan Bing , Cai Qiaoling , Yang Li , Yue Yuan , Hao Liang , Wang Min , Li Jinle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundOcclusal trauma can aggravate periodontitis, but the mechanism remains unclear. Yes‐associated protein (YAP), a mechanical stressor protein, may play an important role in this process.MethodsWestern blot and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were applied to detect the expression of YAP and inflammatory factors in patients with periodontitis accompanied with or without occlusal trauma. Through local administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis and composite resin bonding on maxillary molars in mice, we established periodontitis and occlusal trauma models. Treatment with or without XAV939, to inhibit YAP activation, was performed in these models. Micro‐computed tomography, immunofluorescence (IF), and qRT‐PCR were used to explore the YAP pathway in periodontitis with occlusal trauma. Cyclic stress and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimuli were applied to the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line with or without XAV939. Western blot, IF, and qRT‐PCR were used to verify the in vivo results.ResultsActivated dephosphorylated YAP and increased expression of inflammatory factors were observed in patients with periodontitis accompanied with occlusal trauma. In the mouse model of periodontitis with occlusal trauma, YAP transferred into the nucleus, resulting in Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNK) related pro‐inflammatory pathway up‐regulation. L929 cell cyclic stress and LPS stimulation results confirmed the in vivo results. Application of XAV939 inhibited YAP protein dephosphorylation and reduced JNK pro‐inflammatory pathway factor expression in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionsOcclusal trauma can activate YAP nuclear transfer, resulting in the up‐regulation of the JNK pro‐inflammatory pathway. This can be inhibited by the XAV939 YAP inhibitor.
Seepage Characteristics of Emulsion with Phase Transition Behaviors
Authors: Jiang Ping , Li Longjie , Sun Yubao , Zheng Chao , Wu Chunzhou , Wang Shaohua , Zhang Lei , Tang Dengyu , Ge Jijiang , Zhang Guicai , Pei Haihua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPetroleum resins have excellent thermal tolerance and selective plugging capability. As the environment temperature exceeds their softening point, petroleum resins transform from a solid into a viscous Newton fluid, accompanied by the transformation of the system from particle dispersoid to emulsion. The presence of phase transition decides that the seepage regularity and plugging characteristics of petroleum resins are different from either particle dispersoid or emulsion. Herein, rheological measurements and physical model flooding experiments were performed to investigate the injection and plugging performance of petroleum resins. A correlation chart of the injection pressure, formation permeability, and the ratio of resin particle size to pore diameter is established. The dispersoid is demonstrated to present good injectivity when the ratio of the resin particle size to the pore‐throat diameter of the porous media is lower than 0.35. Moreover, when the environment temperature is lower than or around the petroleum resin softening point, the injection performance of the dispersoid is not affected by temperature. Comparably, while the environment temperature is 30 °C higher than the resin softening point, the injection pressure increases due to phase transition. As indicated by the plugging experiment, the presented petroleum resin dispersoid plugging agent manifests excellent performance even in the case that the permeability of water‐channeling paths is up to 20 μm2, reaching a water plugging efficiency of over 85%. For water‐channeling fractures with widths of 0.05–0.5 mm, the plugging pressure gradient can exceed 5 MPa m−1. As suggested by combined analysis of injection and plugging performance, the disperse system should be optimized in accordance with the formation condition during field practice. Specifically, the ratio of the resin particle size to the formation pore diameter should be kept lower than 0.35, while the softening point of the petroleum resin should be 10–20 °C lower than the formation temperature.
Benefits, Challenges, and Opportunities for International Research Collaborations: Perspectives from the Limnology and Oceanography Research Exchange
Authors: Wilkins Keiko W. , Rosa‐Marín Angelique , Weisend Rachel E. , Kurosawa Emmi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith the ever‐changing advances in the aquatic sciences, more efficient coordination of projects and cooperation between scientists in different countries is needed. The inclusion of scientists across the globe to solve complex ecosystem questions requires effective international collaborations across disciplines. One way to advance this process is through international research collaborations (IRCs) which include the next generation of scientists: graduate students. Through the use of lessons learned from the Limnology and Oceanography Research Exchange (LOREX) program, we provide survey and focus group data to show the benefits and challenges of IRCs and exchanges. We also provide recommendations for participants for future successful IRC programs like LOREX. Many opportunities exist for providing effective professional development for graduate students to ensure that they are successful in incorporating international research in their future careers. Creating programs like LOREX for graduate students could go a long way toward bridging the scientific gaps and improving mutual understanding between countries contributing to diversity in the broadest sense.
Controlling the Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Degradation to Maintain the Stemness and Function of Adipose‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vascular Regeneration Application
Authors: Yang Shaojie , Jiang Xia , Xiao Xiong , Niu Chuan , Xu Yue , Huang Ziwei , Kang Y. James , Feng Li 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBiodegradable poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds with adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have been used in vascular regeneration studies. An evaluation method of the effect of PCL degradation products (DP) on the viability, stemness, and differentiation capacities of ADSCs is established. ADSCs are cultured in medium containing different concentrations of PCL DP before evaluating the effect of PCL DP on the cell apoptosis and proliferation, cell surface antigens, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacities, and capacities to differentiate into endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. The results demonstrate that PCL DP exceed 0.05 mg mL−1 may change the stemness and differentiation capacities of ADSCs. Therefore, to control the proper concentration of PCL DP is essential for ADSCs in vascular regeneration application.
Many a little makes a mickle: Why do consumers negatively react to sequential price disclosure?
Authors: Totzek Dirk , Jurgensen Gabriel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDrip pricing (DP) is distinct from partitioned pricing as it sequentially discloses surcharges to consumers. Critics see DP as a deceptive pricing tactic because it obscures the final price of an offer. We examine the effects of the timing of the final price disclosure and the number of sequentially presented surcharges on consumers' attention to the final price and, ultimately, perceived price fairness. In an eye‐tracking study with 225 participants, we find that the sequential (vs. up‐front) disclosure of the final price lowers perceived price fairness by increasing consumers' attention to the final price, in particular, when the number of surcharges is high. In addition, the sequential disclosure of the final price lowers perceived price fairness because of higher perceived price complexity and lower pricing transparency perceptions. The findings suggest that firms need to be aware of both attentional and cognitive effects of the final price disclosure when designing DP.
Larviculture of Snubnose Pompano under Conditions of High Salinity
Authors: Young Benjamin C. , Hussain Alfaggeh Riyadh , AlMoutiri Ibrahim 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study estimated the survival rate and growth performance of Snubnose Pompano Trachinotus blochii larvae at different levels of salinity: 25, 33, 39, and 42‰. The experiments were conducted in triplicate, with 1,000 larvae per tank, and the control group was maintained at a salinity level of 42‰ at 28.3–31.0°C. At 18 h posthatch, the larvae were transferred directly to the four different salinities and their survival and growth rates were monitored. Our results indicated that the appropriate salinity for the survival of Snubnose Pompano larvae is 33–39‰, and 100% mortality was observed within 4 d posthatch at a salinity level of 42‰. Growth performance was not significantly different between the groups, except in the control group. After 21 d, strong cannibalism in the 25‰ groups was more evident than it was in the other groups. Overall, the results indicate that the larviculture of Snubnose Pompano is feasible at salinities of 33–39‰.
Nutrition Support During Prone Positioning: An Old Technique Reawakened by COVID‐19
Authors: Behrens Shay , Kozeniecki Michelle , Knapp Nathan , Martindale Robert G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a complex disease characterized by inflammation, resulting in diffuse alveolar damage, proliferation, and fibrosis, and carries a high mortality rate. Recently, the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has overwhelmed healthcare systems worldwide, as many patients have required hospitalization for the management of respiratory failure similar in nature to ARDS. In addition to lung‐protective ventilation strategies aimed to maintain an oxygen saturation >90%, a ratio of partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen >200, a pH of 7.25–7.40, and a plateau pressure <35 cm H2O, prone positioning has emerged as an effective treatment strategy for severe ARDS by improving oxygenation and secretion clearance. Although early nutrition assessment and intervention are recommended for acutely and critically ill patients, rotational therapy may present challenges in providing this care. Here, we will describe the pathophysiology of ARDS and the rationale for use of prone positioning and review the considerations and challenges of providing nutrition therapy for patients in the prone position.
Providing Supportive and Palliative Care Using Telemedicine for Patients with Advanced Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Mexico
Authors: Chávarri-Guerra Yanin , Ramos-López Wendy Alicia , Covarrubias-Gómez Alfredo , Sánchez-Román Sofía , Quiroz-Friedman Paulina , Alcocer-Castillejos Natasha , del Pilar Milke-García María , Carrillo-Soto Mónica , Morales-Alfaro Andrea , Medina-Palma Mildred , Aguilar-Velazco José Carlos , Morales-Barba Karen , Razcon-Echegaray Andrea , Maldonado Jenny , Soto-Perez-de-Celis Enrique 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 has overwhelmed the capacity of health care systems, limiting access to supportive and palliative care for patients with advanced cancer. Telemedicine has emerged as a tool to provide care continuity to patients while limiting the risk of contagion. However, implementing telemedicine in resource-limited settings is challenging. We report the results of a multidisciplinary patient-navigator-led telemedicine supportive care program in Mexico City. One-hundred sixty-three telemedicine interventions were provided to 45 patients (median age 68, 57% female). A quarter of the patients had less than or equal to elementary school education, and 15% lived in a rural area. The most common interventions were psychological care (33%), pain and symptom control (25%), and nutritional counseling (13%). Half of the interventions were provided by video conferencing. The most common patient-reported barrier was limited experience using communication technology. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of providing supportive and palliative care interventions using telemedicine in resource-limited settings.
Relationship between stress and weight management behaviors during the COVID‐19 pandemic among those enrolled in an internet program
Authors: Pellegrini Christine A. , Webster Jennifer , Hahn Korina R. , Leblond Tiffany L. , Unick Jessica L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in mandated stay‐at‐home orders, potentially resulting in changes in mental health (e.g., stress, anxiety) and challenges maintaining healthy dietary and physical activity behaviors.ObjectiveThis study examined how stress was associated with mental well‐being and weight loss behaviors during the COVID‐19 pandemic among adults enrolled in an internet‐based weight loss program.MethodsParticipants enrolled in a weight‐loss program residing in Rhode Island or Massachusetts, USA, completed a brief survey on their mental health and current weight‐loss behaviors during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Surveys were completed between 14 April 2020 and 21 April 2020, approximately one month after stay‐at‐home orders were mandated. Linear regression was used to examine associations between stress, mental health, and weight‐loss behaviors.ResultsA total of 99 participants completed the survey (79% female, 91% white, 52.2 ± 9.8 years, 34.0 ± 5.2 kg/m2, 77% reported moderate to extreme stress). Greater stress was associated with higher BMI (p = 0.04), higher education (p = 0.04), working more hours (p = 0.003), and having school‐age children at home (p = 0.002). Greater stress was also associated with higher levels of anxiety, worry, and concern regarding COVID‐19 (p's < 0.001) and having less time to spend on weight‐loss efforts (p < 0.001), after controlling for BMI and education.ConclusionsMany individuals enrolled in a weight‐loss program experienced more stress during COVID‐19 compared to before the pandemic. This stress was related to more mental health challenges as well as more difficulties finding time for weight management efforts.
Antibiotic utilization within 18 community hospitals in the United States: A 5‐year analysis
Authors: Thabit Abrar K. , Shea Katherine M. , Guzman Oscar E. , Garey Kevin W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAntibiotic overuse is associated with antibiotic resistance. We evaluated antibiotic utilization defined by days of therapy/1000 patient days (DOT/1000 PD) in various community hospitals across the United States.MethodsCommunity hospitals within the Cardinal Health Drug Cost Opportunity Analytics database were evaluated for the availability of DOT/1000 PD data between 2012 to 2016 for overall and specific antibiotic use and the following classes: narrow‐spectrum β‐lactams (ampicillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, cefazolin, and cephalexin), non‐carbapenem antipseudomonal β‐lactams (piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefepime), carbapenems, anti‐methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus agents (vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin, and tigecycline), and fluoroquinolones. Antibiotic utilization and change in utilization during the study period was calculated using linear regression (β coefficient).ResultsEighteen hospitals had antibiotic utilization data available. Hospitals were primarily urban (72%) with an average of 209 total beds and 22 intensive care unit beds. Mean number of pharmacists in these hospitals was nine with a mean pharmacist: bed ratio of 0.05. While all hospitals had antimicrobial stewardship programs established during the study period, only 78% and 22% had infectious diseases (ID) physician and ID pharmacist on staff, respectively. A decrease in antipseudomonal β‐lactams (excluding carbapenems) and fluoroquinolones was observed (β coefficients = −1.2 and −2.6, respectively), all other antibiotic classes had increased utilization.ConclusionOverall antibiotic utilization increased over 5 years. The increase in narrow‐spectrum β‐lactams utilization along with the reduction in the use of antipseudomonal β‐lactams and fluoroquinolones indicate appropriate antimicrobial stewardship. Institutional antibiotic utilization should be evaluated for appropriateness to limit the overuse of broad‐spectrum antibiotics in an effort to reduce resistance development.