bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels and trends in family planning method use among urban adolescents and young women in Guinea: analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys from 1999 to 2018
Authors: Sidibe Sidikiba , Delamou Alexandre , Camara Bienvenu Salim , Camara Nafissatou , Manet Hawa , Ayadi Alison M El , Benova Lenka , Kouanda Seni 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Despite improvements, adolescent fertility remains high in Africa. In Guinea, high fertility among adolescents and young women in urban areas remains a public health concern. This study aims to describe levels and trends in, and factors associated with using modern family planning (FP) methods among urban adolescents and young women in Guinea.Methods We used four Guinea Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 1999, 2005, 2012, and 2018. Among urban adolescents and young women (15–24 years), we examined trends over time in four key indicators: 1. Contraceptive use (% using any using any FP method among all and among those in need for FP), 2. Unmet need for FP (% not using any FP method among all and among those in need for FP) and 3.Modern contraceptive use (% of using modern FP methods and among those in need of FP), and 4. % using modern FP method (demand satisfied). We multivariable logistic regression to examine association between socio-demographic factors and modern FP use (indicator 2) on the most recent DHS dataset (2018).Results We found a statistically significant changes over the time period exmained in modern contracetive use (8.4% in 1999 to 12.8% in 2018, p < 0.01), demand satisfied (29.0% in 1999, 54.1% in 2018, p < 0.001), and halving of unmet need for FP (from 15.8% in 1999 to 8.6% in 2018, p < 0.001). The most important changes in these two indicators occurred between 1999 and 2005.. Compared to those 15–19 years, young women (20–24) more likely to use modern FP methods. Those living in Faranah and Kankan more likely to use modern FP method than those in Conakry. Middle and richer wealth quintile households were more likely to use modern FP compared to poorer. Married women compared to nevever married and those from the Peulh and Malinke ethnic groups compared to Soussou were less likely to use modern FP methods.Conclusion Despite some progress, efforts are still needed to improve FP method use among urban adolescent and you women. Future policies and intervention programs should emphasize on improving adolescents’ reproductive health knowledge and increasing awareness of FP method use. The focus should also be on adolescents aged 15–19 years, disparities of urban administrative regions, ethnic groups, and wealth index, especially the poor quintiles.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Major Depression Among Female Sex Workers in Post-Conflict Gulu District: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Simple Ouma , Tumwesigye Nazarius Mbona , Ndejjo Rawlance , Abbo Catherine 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Depression is the world’s leading cause of disability and a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease. Female sex workers operating in conflict-affected settings could be more prone to depression, yet the prevalence and factors associated with depression among this special population remain inadequately addressed. This study thus aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with major depression among female sex workers in post-conflict Gulu district. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 randomly selected female sex workers in Gulu district between March and June 2020. Possible factors associated with depression were assessed using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and participants assessed for major depression using Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) version 7.0.0. We utilized STATA 14.0 for univariate, bivariate and multivariate data analyses.Results: The mean age of study participants was 26.4 years (SD = 6), 57.7% attained primary education, 51.7% never married and 42.1% were living with HIV. Almost half (47.7%) of the participants had major depression, of whom half (50.4%) had severe depression and one-thirds (34.3%) had suicidal ideation. At multivariate level, factors that showed positive association with major depression were: psychological stressor (aOR = 11.0, 95%CI: 5.77-20.86), living with HIV (aOR= 2.32, 95%CI: 1.29-4.15), being verbally abused (aOR = 2.27, 95%CI: 1.26-4.07), and being 30+ years of age (aOR = 1.95, 95%CI: 1.05-3.61). Meanwhile, factors that showed negative association with major depression were: providing sexual services at client’s place (aOR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.24-0.91), using modern family planning method (aOR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.25-0.87), and daily intake of alcohol (aOR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.28-0.88).Conclusion: The findings underscore the high prevalence of major depression among female sex workers driven by psychological stress, living with HIV/AIDs, being verbally abused by clients and being 30+years of age. The high prevalence of major depression has important public health ramifications at individual and societal levels and requires urgent attention of all stakeholders.
Outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 and anti-aminoacyl-RNA synthetase antibodies positive idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in intensive care unit
Authors: Wang Shiyao , Zhang Xinran , Ren Yanhong , Zhang Yi , Tian Ye , Dai Huaping , Zhan Qingyuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aims to identify prognostic factors for mortality of patients with anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (anti-MDA5) or anti-aminoacyl-RNA synthetase (anti-ARS) antibodies positive and acute respiratory failure in the intensive care unit.Methods: Clinical characteristics, laboratory test findings, imaging performance, and management were retrospectively collected in all cases with anti-MDA5 and anti-ARS antibodies positive, as well as follow-up survival data. Risk factors related to prognosis were identified by Cox regression analysis.Results: The 28-day mortality of all patients was 68.8% (n=44/64). The patients who died were more likely to have anti-MDA5 antibody(p<0.001), presented more Gottron papules(p=0.021) or heliotrope rash(p=0.008), had a relatively lower level of WBC(p=0.038), CRP(p=0.004), and had a higher level of LDH(p=0.029), serum ferritin(p=0.002). The main risk factors associated with 28-day mortality were anti-MDA5 antibody positive [HR 10.827 (95% CI: 4.261-27.514), p<0.001], presence of Gottron papules [2.299 (1.203-4.394), p=0.012], heliotrope rash [3.423 (1.773-6.606), p<0.001], and arthritis/arthralgia [2.365 (1.130-4.948), p=0.022). At a median of 14 (IQR 6.33-35.0) months of follow-up, the overall mortality of all patients was 75.0% (n=48/64). The non-survivors were more likely to own anti-MDA5 antibody(p<0.001), had a higher rate of Gottron papules(p=0.020) or heliotrope rash(p=0.014), had lower PFR(p=0.032) while ICU admission, and existed a higher level of serum ferritin(p=0.005). Main risk factors associated with overall mortality were consistent with risk factors for 28-day mortality. Conclusions: Anti-MDA5 antibody positive, presence of Gottron papules, heliotrope rash, or arthritis/arthralgia were the main independent risk factors of poor prognosis for IIM patients admitted to the ICU due to acute respiratory failure.
Pain is a common problem in patients with ILD
Authors: Shen Qinxue , Guo Ting , Song Min , Guo Wei , Zhang Yi , Duan Wang , Peng Yating , Ni Shanshan , Ouyang Xiaoli , Peng Hong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Less is known about the prevalence and characteristics of pain in interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. To determine the characteristics of pain in ILD patients.Methods Participants with ILD and age, gender-matched, healthy controls completed short form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and part of the Brief Pain Inventory short form(BPI) to elicit pain characteristics. ILD patients also had assessments of pulmonary function test, six minutes walking test (6MWT), modified medical research council dyspnea scale (mMRC) for state of the illness and measured health-related quality of life(HRQoL) by short form-36(SF-36)and psychological associations by hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS).Results A total of 63 participants with ILD and 63 healthy controls(HC) were recruited in our study. The prevalence of pain was 61.9% in ILDs versus 25.3% in HC (p = 0.005) and the median score of pain rank index (PRI) in ILDs was higher than in HC (P = 0.014). Chest(46.1%) accounted for the highest of overall pain locations in participants with ILD. Associated clinical factors for pain intensity in ILD patients included younger age (< 60 years), exposure history of ILD risk factors, longer distance of 6MWD(≥ 250 m), higher mMRC score(2–4) and lower DLCo, % predicted(≤ 45%). ILD patients with pain are more likely to suffer impaired HRQoL(P = 0.0014) and psychological problems(P = 0.0017,P = 0.044).Conclusion Pain is common in those with ILD and the pain intensity is associated with age, exposure history, 6MWD, mMRC score and DLCo, % predicted. ILD patients with pain have more possible to suffer depression, anxiety and impaired HRQoL.
Maternal emotional states in relation to their offspring weight status and health-related quality of life: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Parvin Parnian , Amiri Parisa , Jalali-Farahani Sara , Karimi Mehrdad , MoeinEslam Mina , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Maternal characteristics have been known to be associated with parenting practices that could eventually influence their child’s weight and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to assess the direct and indirect associations of maternal emotional states (depression, anxiety and stress) with body mass index (BMI) and HRQoL in their children. Methods: This study was conducted within the framework of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). Participants were children (n=231) who participated in the TLGS during 2014-2016 with complete data on maternal emotional states. Body weight and height of children were measured using standard protocol and BMI-Z scores were determined using Anthroplus. HRQoL in children and emotional states in mothers were assessed using the Iranian version of the pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL TM 4.0) and the depression, anxiety and stress scales (DASS-21) respectively. Structural equations modeling (SEM) was used to assess the direct and indirect relations of maternal emotional states with children’s BMI Z score and HRQoL. Results: Mean age, BMI Z-score and HRQoL total score in children were 13.8±3.1 years, 0.74±1.5 and 84.7±11.3 respectively. In mothers, median scores (Interquartile ranges) of DASS-21 in three scales including depression, anxiety and stress were 4(0-10), 6(2-12) and 14(8-20) respectively. Maternal level of education was significantly associated with DASS-21 scores (β=-0.23, 95% CI: -0.37,-0.07). Maternal DASS-21 scores were significantly associated with BMI Z scores only in girls (β=0.25, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.53). Significant determinants of HRQoL in boys were child’s age (β=-0.21, 95% CI: -0.40, -0.01), maternal education (β=-0.24, 95%CI: -0.44, -0.02) and emotional state (β=-0.24, 95% CI: -0.44, -0.03). Child’s age (β=-0.33, 95%-CI: -0.53, -0.10) and maternal emotional state (β=-0.31, 95% CI: -0.54, -0.08) were significantly associated with HRQoL in girls. Conclusion: Our results indicate maternal emotional states to be the important determinants of HRQoL in children, regardless of their weight status. Further research is recommended to examine the current hypothesized model in rural and sub-urban populations taking ino consideration more influential factors.
Research trends and hotspots of Health-Related Quality of Life: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2000 to 2019
Authors: Zheng Si , He Anqi , Yan Yu , Jiang Lingling , Wang Peigang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the global scientific output of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) research and figure out general trends and hotspots in HRQoL.
Methods
HRQoL research articles were collected from the Web of Science (WOS) database between 2000 and 2019. A bibliometric analysis was performed based on the number of articles, citations, published journals, authors' address and keywords. Descriptive analysis, visualization of geographic distribution and keyword clustering analysis were applied to the collected data.
Results
The annual number of articles showed a growth over the past twenty years, but the annual TA (Total Citations) and annual CPA (Citations Per Article) were both in decreasing trends. Articles about HRQoL were more likely to be published in journals of multi-subject categories, The HRQoL research was mainly distributed across North America and Europe throughout the twenty years and ushered in a vigorous development worldwide after 2015. Research institutions with high productivity in HRQoL research were more inclined to collaborate, but the cooperation strength between domestic institutions was much greater than that between international institutions. There were a large number of author keywords were only used once or twice during 2000 to 2019. SF-36, EQ-5D, depression, obesity, disability, oncology, fatigue were identified as hot research areas. Also, dementia, HIV, chronic disease, OHRQoL, PRO, stress, well-being, the elderly, women and children may become new hotspots in future research.
Conclusion
This study provided an overall perspective on global research trends and hotspots in HRQoL research, as well as a potential guide for future research. Researchers need to strengthen international cooperation, as well as pay more attention to the standardization and unity of keywords in future study.
The Feasibility of Bedside Ultrasound in Confirmation of Endotracheal Tube Position in Neonates Compared with CXR
Authors: Zarei Elham , Khalesi Nasrin , Dehgan Marzie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Endotracheal intubation is a common procedure in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Rapid and accurate confirmation of the endotracheal tube (ETT) position is critical . Routinely CXR is used for evaluation of ETT position that has some disadvantages . So there has been a considerable interest to find alternative modality with minimal complication and acceptable accuracy. Objectives: the purpose of our study is the evaluation of ultrasound efficacy in confirmation of ETT position in neonates comparison to CXR.Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 66 intubated neonates in NICU of Ali -Asghar children Hospital, between January 2018 and January 2019. To determine the ETT position, within 2-4 hours after CXR, each neonate had a bedside ultrasound (US) with a high-frequency linear transducer. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, negative predicted value (NPV), positive predicted value (PPV) and Kappa agreement coefficient was used to compare the US and CXR results. Results: Sixty-six intubated neonates included in this study had a mean gestational age of 34.98 ±3.7 weeks and mean birth weight of 2284.7 ± 915g. US images were taken a mean of 3 ±0.6 h after CXR. The ETT was visualized by the US in all newborns examined.US revealed a sensitivity of 88% (95% CI, 68.78% to 97.45%), specificity of 84 % (95% CI, 63.92% 95.46%), PPV of 84.62% (95% CI, 68.89% to 93.18%), NPV of 87.50 % (95% CI, 70.49% to 95.35%), diagnostic accuracy of 86%(95% CI, 73.26% to 94.18%), positive likelihood ratio of 5.50 (95% CI 2.21 to 13.66), and Negative Likelihood Ratio of 0.14 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.46) compared to chest radiography. Overall, the Kappa value showed very good agreement in confirming the correct position of the tracheal tube placement (Kappa coefficient 0.72, p-value <0.001).The mean time taken for confirmation of ETT position by US 4 minutes and by CXR was 20 minutes.Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate ultrasound has acceptable accuracy for confirmation of ETT position in neonates and is a safer and faster method in comparison to CXR .
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Early Predictors of Disease Progression in Patients with COVID-19: A Case Control Study
Authors: Tang Qiang , Liu Yanwei , Fu Yingfeng , Di Ziyang , Xu Kailiang , Tang Bo , Wu Hui , Di Maojun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become an unprecedented public health crisis with nearly 16 million confirmed cases and 630,000 deaths worldwide. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological and treatment data of COVID-19 patients consecutively enrolled from January 18 to May 15, 2020, in Taihe and Jinzhou central hospital. Results: Of all 197 patients, the median age was 66.5 years (IQR 7-76), and 120 (60.9%) patients were males. We identified 88 (44.7%) of 197 COVID-19 patients as the disease progression (aggravation) cases. The aggravation cases tend to have more medical comorbidity: hypertension (34.1%), diabetes (30.7%), and presented with dyspnea (34.1%), neutrophilia (60.2%), and lymphocytopenia (73.9%), compared with those without. And the patients with disease progression showed significantly higher level of Fibrinogen (Fbg), D-dimer, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and serum ferritin, and were more prone to develop organ damage in the liver, kidney, and heart (P<0.05). Multivariable regression showed that advanced age, comorbidities, lymphopenia, and elevated level of Fbg, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Cardiac troponin (CTnI), IL-6, serum ferritin were the significant predictors of disease progression. Further, we investigated antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and found that the levels of IgM and IgG were significantly higher in the disease progression cases compared to non-progression cases from 3 weeks after symptom onset. In addition, the disease progression group tended to peak later and has a more vigorous IgM/IgG response against SARS-CoV-2. Further, we performed Kaplan-Meier analysis and found that 61.6% of patients had not experienced ICU transfer or survival from hospital within 25 days from admission.Conclusions: Investigating the potential factors of advanced age, comorbidities and elevated level of IL-6, serum ferritin and Kaplan-Meier analysis enables early identification and management of patients with poor prognosis. Detection of the dynamic antibody may offer vital clinical information during the course of SARS-CoV-2 and provide prognostic value for patients infection.
Risk Factors for Anastomotic Complications After One-stage Anastomosis for Oesophageal Atresiarisk Factors for Anastomotic Complications After One-stage Anastomosis for Oesophageal Atresia
Authors: Huang Jinxi , Hong Songming , Chen Qiang , Wang Zengchun , Wu Dianming , Hong Junjie , Zhou Chaoming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors for anastomotic complications after one-stage anastomosis for oesophageal atresia.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 107 children with congenital oesophageal atresia who underwent one-stage anastomosis in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. Single-factor and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors for anastomotic fistula and anastomotic stenosis.Results: A total of 107 children with oesophageal atresia underwent one-stage anastomosis, and the incidence of anastomotic fistula was 26.2%. The probability of anastomotic stenosis in the long term was 52.3%, and the incidence of refractory stenosis (dilation ≥5 times) was 13.1%. Analysis of the clinical count data in the anastomotic fistula group and non-anastomotic fistula group showed that preoperative albumin (F=4.199, P=0.043), low birth weight (F=7.668, P=0.007) and long gap defects (F=6.107, P=0.015) were risk factors for postoperative anastomotic fistula. Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low birth weight (Wald2=4.499, P =0.034, OR=2.775) and long gap defects (Wald2=6.769, P =0.009, OR=4.939) were independent risk factors for postoperative anastomotic fistula. Premature delivery (F=5.338, P=0.023), anastomotic fistula (F=11.381, P=0.001), endoscopic surgery (F=6.343, P=0.013), preoperative neutrophil count (F=8.602, P=0.004), preoperative low albumin (F=8.410, P=0.005), and a preoperative prognostic nutritional index < 54 (F=5.54, P=0.02) were risk factors for long-term anastomotic stenosis in children. Further multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative anastomotic fistula (Wald2=11.417, P =0.001, OR=8.798), endoscopic surgery (Wald2=9.633, P =0.002, OR=4.808), and a prognostic nutritional index < 54 (Wald2=4.540, P =0.002, OR=2.3798) were independent risk factors for long-term anastomotic stenosis.Conclusion: Low birth weight and long gap defects are important predictors of postoperative anastomotic fistula, and the possibility of long-term anastomotic stenosis should be considered. The long-term risk of anastomotic stenosis was increased in children undergoing endoscopic surgery and in those with a preoperative prognostic nutritional index < 54.
Erenumab during pregnancy: a case report in a patient with chronic migraine
Authors: Fofi Luisa , Egeo Gabriella , Aurilia Cinzia , Barbanti Piero 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Migraine is very common in women of childbearing age. Erenumab is a first-in-class anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody with a a favorable efficacy/tolerability profile. However, there are very limited data on its effects during pregnancy.Case presentation: We report a case of a 37-years-old woman affected by chronic migraine who became pregnant during erenumab treatment. At the time of her first visit at our Unit she was on prophylaxis with sodium valproate 600 mg/day reporting low efficacy (18 headache days/month) and tolerability (weight gain). She had already failed 5 prior preventative treatments. On the same day started erenumab 70 mg, tapering down valproate. Erenumab was rapidly effective, reducing migraine frequency (7 days/month) since the first administration. On the follow-up visit scheduled for the fifth erenumab administration, the patient informed us of her pregnancy, documented by appropriate serological test the day before. Erenumab was immediately stopped. The last erenumab administration was made on 04/07/2019, probably corresponding to the first two weeks of pregnancy. Serological fetal DNA test was normal. During the I pregnancy trimester the frequency of migraine increased up to 10 days/month, markedly improving and progressively disappearing during the II-III trimesters. Migraine attacks started again from the 34th week of pregnancy throughout delivery and breast feeding. No other adverse event or complication occurred during pregnancy. The baby, born by vaginal birth in healthy conditions, developed breastfeeding jaundice which progressively normalized over time.Conclusions: We document no complications, abnormalities, or adverse events in both the mother and the child, and a physiological normal course of pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding in the first report of erenumab exposure during pregnancy in a migraine patient. More data from clinical studies and post-marketing surveillance are necessary to confirm our findings.