bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamic, lattice dynamical, and elastic properties of iron‐vanadium oxides from experiments and first principles
Authors: Xie Wei , Xing Xianran , Cao Zhanmin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe thermodynamic, lattice dynamical, and elastic properties of iron‐vanadium oxides are studied from experiments and first‐principles calculations. The high‐temperature heat capacities of FeVO4, Fe2V4O13, FeV2O4, and FeV3O8 are accurately measured using a three‐dimensional (3D) sensor. The phase diagram of Fe‐V‐O system at 873 K is reasonably predicted combining the calculated enthalpy of formation and entropy. The phonon dispersions of FeVO4 and Fe2V4O13 indicate that they are dynamically stable. The high‐frequency vibrations are dominated only by V and O atoms mainly due to the stronger V‐O bonding. All Raman and infrared (IR) frequencies at zone‐center are assigned unambiguously and different types of vibration are established. The physical properties such as elastic constant, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, Debye temperature, elastic wave velocity, and minimum thermal conductivity of FeVO4 and Fe2V4O13 are calculated.
Healthcare services utilization among people with intellectual disability and comparison with the general population
Authors: Maltais Julie , Morin Diane , Tassé Marc J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudies have reported unmet health needs in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). This study illustrated and analysed patterns of healthcare services utilization among people with intellectual disability and compared their use to that of the general population.MethodParticipants (N = 791, aged 15–82) were mainly recruited through government‐financed agencies specializing in services for people with intellectual disabilities in Québec, Canada. Comparisons were possible by using health administrative data.ResultsSome services were more used by people with intellectual disability than the general population (general medicine, psychiatry, PSA blood tests), and others were accessed at significantly lower frequencies (optometry, physiotherapy, Pap tests). Similar rates were found for mammography, dentistry and psychology. Inequities were more salient for individuals who had more severe levels of intellectual disability.ConclusionsOur findings support that the population with intellectual disability would benefit from policies and practices aimed at enhancing the access to healthcare services.
A risk signature with four autophagy‐related genes for predicting survival of glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Wang Yulin , Zhao Weijiang , Xiao Zhe , Guan Gefei , Liu Xin , Zhuang Minghua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a devastating brain tumour without effective treatment. Recent studies have shown that autophagy is a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM. Therefore, it is necessary to identify novel biomarkers associated with autophagy in GBM. In this study, we downloaded autophagy‐related genes from Human Autophagy Database (HADb) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) website. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to identify genes for constructing a risk signature. A nomogram was developed by integrating the risk signature with clinicopathological factors. Time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration plot were used to evaluate the efficiency of the prognostic model. Finally, four autophagy‐related genes (DIRAS3, LGALS8, MAPK8 and STAM) were identified and were used for constructing a risk signature, which proved to be an independent risk factor for GBM patients. Furthermore, a nomogram was developed based on the risk signature and clinicopathological factors (IDH1 status, age and history of radiotherapy or chemotherapy). ROC curve and calibration plot suggested the nomogram could accurately predict 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year survival rate of GBM patients. For function analysis, the risk signature was associated with apoptosis, necrosis, immunity, inflammation response and MAPK signalling pathway. In conclusion, the risk signature with 4 autophagy‐related genes could serve as an independent prognostic factor for GBM patients. Moreover, we developed a nomogram based on the risk signature and clinical traits which was validated to perform better for predicting 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year survival rate of GBM.
Dual role of RACK1 in airway epithelial mesenchymal transition and apoptosis
Authors: Pu Yue , Liu Yuan‐qi , Zhou Yan , Qi Yi‐fan , Liao Shi‐ping , Miao Shi‐kun , Zhou Li‐ming , Wan Li‐hong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAirway epithelial apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) are two crucial components of asthma pathogenesis, concomitantly mediated by TGF‐β1. RACK1 is the downstream target gene of TGF‐β1 shown to enhancement in asthma mice in our previous study. Balb/c mice were sensitized twice and challenged with OVA every day for 7 days. Transformed human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS‐2B cells were cultured and exposed to recombinant soluble human TGF‐β1 to induced apoptosis (30 ng/mL, 72 hours) and EMT (10 ng/mL, 48 hours) in vitro, respectively. siRNA and pharmacological inhibitors were used to evaluate the regulation of RACK1 protein in apoptosis and EMT. Western blotting analysis and immunostaining were used to detect the protein expressions in vivo and in vitro. Our data showed that RACK1 protein levels were significantly increased in OVA‐challenged mice, as well as TGF‐β1‐induced apoptosis and EMT of BEAS‐2B cells. Knockdown of RACK1 (siRACK1) significantly inhibited apoptosis and decreased TGF‐β1 up‐regulated EMT related protein levels (N‐cadherin and Snail) in vitro via suppression of JNK and Smad3 activation. Moreover, siSmad3 or siJNK impaired TGF‐β1‐induced N‐cadherin and Snail up‐regulation in vitro. Importantly, JNK gene silencing (siERK) also impaired the regulatory effect of TGF‐β1 on Smad3 activation. Our present data demonstrate that RACK1 is a concomitant regulator of TGF‐β1 induces airway apoptosis and EMT via JNK/Smad/Snail signalling axis. Our findings may provide a new insight into understanding the regulation mechanism of RACK1 in asthma pathogenesis.
Delirium point prevalence studies in inpatient settings: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Koirala Binu , Hansen Bryan R. , Hosie Annmarie , Budhathoki Chakra , Seal Stella , Beaman Adam , Davidson Patricia M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsTo examine the delirium point prevalence studies conducted in different inpatient settings and to discuss the implication of the findings for delirium screening, assessment, prevention and management.BackgroundDelirium—a common and distressing condition manifesting as an acute decline of attention and cognition—is frequently overlooked, misdiagnosed or treated inappropriately. This neuropsychiatric syndrome manifests as changes in attention, cognition and awareness, with resultant impact on behaviour, function and emotions. Delirium is recognised as a patient management challenge in the inpatient setting, and there is a need to understand the current point prevalence and assessment practices of delirium.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic review of published delirium prevalence studies in inpatient settings was conducted and the implications of findings for delirium screening, assessment, prevention and management identified. The random‐effects meta‐analysis was conducted among studies measuring delirium point prevalence. The PRISMA statement was used to report systematic review and meta‐analysis.ResultsNine studies were included in the review, with sample sizes ranging from 47–1867. Delirium point prevalence ranged from 9%–32%. Hypoactive delirium was the most common subtype, ranging from 23%–78%. Fifteen delirium screening tools or assessment or diagnostic methods were used. Comorbid dementia was present in up to 50% of inpatients.ConclusionsGaining a consensus on effective delirium instruments, the time windows for assessment and measurement will be crucial in driving benchmarking and quality improvement studies.Relevance to clinical practiceConsistent identification of high‐risk patients and treatment settings with elevated risk, accompanied by the implementation of effective preventive and management strategies, are critical to addressing delirium—a frequent and burdensome condition, that adversely affects patient outcomes.
Development and randomised controlled trial of a Continence Product Patient Decision Aid for men postradical prostatectomy
Authors: Murphy Catherine , de Laine Christine , Macaulay Margaret , Fader Mandy 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo develop and evaluate an evidence‐based Continence Product Patient Decision Aid (CP‐PDA) to reduce decisional conflict and support continence product choice for men postradical prostatectomy.BackgroundIn 2018, 1.3 million men globally were diagnosed with prostate cancer. A common treatment is radical prostatectomy, usually leading to sudden onset of urinary incontinence. For people experiencing incontinence, products to contain leakage are fundamental to health‐related quality of life, but many product users and healthcare professionals are unaware of available options. No evidence‐based guidance on choosing products exists despite known physical and psychological burdens of poorly managed leakage (e.g. isolation, anxiety, depression, skin damage).Design and Methods4 phases, underpinned by international decision aid guidance.

Evidence/expert opinion: Literature review; consultation with specialist continence clinicians (n = 7) to establish evidence base.
Prototype: CP‐PDA developed with continence specialist (n = 7) feedback.
Alpha testing (stakeholders): CP‐PDA materials were provided to expert patients (n = 10) and clinicians (n = 11) to assess content/presentation.
Beta testing (field) following CONSORT guidelines, registered NIHR CPMS 31077: Men (n = 50) postradical prostatectomy randomised to evaluate usability and decision‐making using the Decisional Conflict Scale compared with usual care.
ResultsAn algorithm differentiating patients by mobility, dependency, cognitive impairment and type/level of leakage, leading to 12 user groups, was developed. For each group, an option table and associated product information sheets guide product choice. Total Decisional Conflict Score for men using the CP‐PDA was significantly better than for men without. CP‐PDA users reported greater confidence in product knowledge and choice.ConclusionThis is the first evidence‐based CP‐PDA, developed using an internationally recognised method. Compared to usual care, it significantly reduced decisional conflict for men choosing continence products postprostatectomy.Relevance to clinical PracticeThe CP‐PDA provides nurses with the first comprehensive, evidence‐based intervention to help postprostatectomy men in complex continence product choices. An online version is available: www.continenceproductadvisor.org.
Regulatory pathways of CYC‐like genes in patterning floral zygomorphy exemplified in Chirita pumila
Authors: Liu Jing , Wu Jie , Yang Xia , Wang Yin‐Zheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFloral zygomorphy is thought of as an essential adaptation to specific pollinators. The CYCLOIDEA (CYC)‐like genes belonging to the plant‐specific TCP transcription factor family are the key regulators of floral zygomorphy. Their expression differentiations bring about diverse forms of floral zygomorphy. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying their expression differentiation remains unknown. In this study, we selected Chirita pumila D. Don, a zygomorphic member of Gesneriaceae, as a model to address this question. Mutant analysis shows that the CYC gene in C. pumila (CpCYC) plays an important role in controlling floral zygomorphy. Further functional investigation of CpCYC intron and 5′ regulatory regions indicates that an 899 bp promoter region is a key determinant of the dorsal‐specific expression of CpCYC. In this region, using electrophoretic mobility shift assay and transient expression system, we identified three kinds of cis‐regulatory elements with putative binding factors, that is, auxin responsive element, WRKY binding site, LEAFY binding site, and an element with an unknown binding factor. We undertook functional analyses of the two putative LEAFY binding sites, and found that LEAFY could directly activate and regulate CpCYC for its dorsal‐specific expression in patterning floral zygomorphy. This research would shed significant light on the regulatory and evolutionary pathways underlying the spatial‐specific expression of CYC‐like genes for the development of zygomorphic flowers.
Abnormal weight gain with fatigue and stress in early survivorship after childhood brain tumor diagnosis
Authors: Johnson Ann H. , Rodgers Phillips Shameka , Rice Marti 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosis and treatment for individuals with brain tumors during childhood involves sequelae, including abnormal weight gain. This symptom is commonly clustered with fatigue and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Children's Oncology Group recommendations include annual surveillance of body mass index (BMI) and cardiometabolic comorbidities; however, there has been little emphasis on individualized screening early in survivorship.PurposeThe primary purpose of this paper is to describe the findings of abnormal weight gain and its correlates in a sample of young childhood brain tumor survivors during early survivorship.Design and MethodsThis cross‐sectional multi‐site study included brain tumor survivors of ages 8–12 years who were less than 6 years posttreatment. Convenience sampling from two pediatric cancer centers in the southern United States was utilized. Data collected included BMI, parent report of sleep, and child report of fatigue and stress.ResultsThe sample (N = 21) consisted of children who had received chemotherapy, radiation treatment, and surgery for childhood brain tumor. BMI in overweight and obese categories exceeded normative samples with 38% at or above the 85th percentile. There were clinically significant relationships with fatigue, stress about weight, tumor location, cranial radiation, chemotherapy, and recurrencePractice ImplicationsScreening for abnormal weight gain and related factors, such as fatigue should begin early in survivorship after childhood brain tumor treatment completion with the aim of health promotion and disease prevention. Adiposity measurement techniques should be utilized in future clinical and research settings to improve assessment of cardiometabolic risk.
ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs
Authors: Reinero Carol , Visser Lance C. , Kellihan Heidi B. , Masseau Isabelle , Rozanski Elizabeth , Clercx Cécile , Williams Kurt , Abbott Jonathan , Borgarelli Michele , Scansen Brian A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH), defined by increased pressure within the pulmonary vasculature, is a hemodynamic and pathophysiologic state present in a wide variety of cardiovascular, respiratory, and systemic diseases. The purpose of this consensus statement is to provide a multidisciplinary approach to guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of PH in dogs. Comprehensive evaluation including consideration of signalment, clinical signs, echocardiographic parameters, and results of other diagnostic tests supports the diagnosis of PH and allows identification of associated underlying conditions. Dogs with PH can be classified into the following 6 groups: group 1, pulmonary arterial hypertension; group 2, left heart disease; group 3, respiratory disease/hypoxia; group 4, pulmonary emboli/pulmonary thrombi/pulmonary thromboemboli; group 5, parasitic disease (DirofilariaandAngiostrongylus); and group 6, disorders that are multifactorial or with unclear mechanisms. The approach to treatment of PH focuses on strategies to decrease the risk of progression, complications, or both, recommendations to target underlying diseases or factors contributing to PH, and PH‐specific treatments. Dogs with PH should be monitored for improvement, static condition, or progression, and any identified underlying disorder should be addressed and monitored simultaneously.
Nutrition and physical activity recommendations for cancer survivors in Scotland: Feasibility of a short course to promote behaviour change
Authors: Masson L. F. , Douglas F. , MacLure K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMore people are living for longer following a cancer diagnosis; however, long‐term survivors are more likely to experience chronic illnesses. Improving their diet and physical activity behaviours may increase survival and reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and other non‐communicable diseases. The World Cancer Research Fund and American Institute for Cancer Research recommend that cancer survivors aim to be a healthy weight and physically active; eat a diet rich in wholegrains, vegetables, fruits and beans; limit consumption of ‘fast foods’, red and processed meat, sugar‐sweetened drinks and alcohol; and meet nutritional needs through diet alone rather than relying on supplements. Evidence suggests that cancer survivors are receptive to receiving advice and making dietary and physical activity changes, but barriers to improving the diet and being physically active need to be explored and addressed. We collaborated with CLAN Cancer Support (an independent charity) to assess the feasibility of a 2‐day course designed to improve diet and physical activity in cancer survivors in Scotland. Further, it explored the barriers and facilitators that cancer survivors identify in relation to eating a healthy diet and being physically active. The course included presentations, practical activities and group discussions. Initial analysis indicates that factors specific to this population need to be designed into the delivery of the course to enhance recruitment and promote behaviour change. Research then needs to be translated into sustainable support programmes accessible by all cancer survivors. This article describes the rationale behind the study, its design and expected outcomes.
Removing plastic packaging from fresh produce – what’s the impact?
Authors: White A. , Lockyer S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere has been a rise in public awareness and scrutiny of the negative environmental impact of plastic pollution in recent years. Plastic packaging of food causes a significant proportion of the UK’s plastic waste, and manufacturers and retailers are exploring alternatives to single‐use plastics, particularly in relation to fresh produce, including increasing the availability of loose items in supermarkets. However, there is an important trade‐off to consider when removing plastic packaging from fruit and vegetables, which is the resultant reduction in shelf life and therefore potential increase in food waste. Fresh produce is estimated to be the most highly wasted type of food in the UK and it is likely that food waste has an even greater environmental impact than the production and disposal of plastic. Full life cycle analysis is currently unavailable for some alternative types of packaging (such as edible films and coatings), which means the relative effect of these on the environment compared to plastic is unclear, and may in fact be worse. More research is required to fully ascertain the best solution for this complex issue. However, communicating strategies to the general public to minimise household wastage of fresh produce, including optimal storage conditions for different varieties of fruit and vegetables, is likely to be of benefit.
Proceedings of a roundtable event ‘Is communicating the concept of nutrient density important?’
Authors: Lockyer S. , Cade J. , Darmon N. , Flynn M. , Gatenby S. , Govindji A. , Quick B. , Raats M. , Rayner M. , Sokolović M. , Spiro A. , Sritharan N. , Stanner S. , Buttriss J. L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe British Nutrition Foundation held a 1‐day roundtable event to gather views from a wide range of stakeholders on the relevance and importance of the concept of nutrient density in supporting and motivating people to make healthier dietary choices. The opportunities and barriers associated with the use of this concept were also explored. The roundtable involved experts from research, public health nutrition, dietetics, retail and nutrition science communication, and this report describes the main themes emerging from the discussions. High obesity prevalence rates indicate that, on average, we are consuming too many calories relative to energy requirements; yet, the quality of our diets, with respect to certain vitamins and minerals and fibre, seems to be falling somewhat short of recommendations. Addressing this issue may require a more holistic approach than the current focus on restricting single nutrients prevalent in public health messaging internationally. Most members of the roundtable felt that communicating the concept of nutrient density may help in encouraging healthier food choices and dietary patterns that are higher in nutritional quality. However, while nutrient profiling has been used to guide front‐of‐pack labelling and in restricting the advertising of less healthy foods to children, there is a lack of consensus on the precise definition of a ‘nutrient dense’ food or which nutrients should be used as markers of the ‘healthiness’ of foods/drinks, and the term seems to be poorly understood by consumers and health professionals alike. Therefore, further work is required if tools around this concept are to be developed to try and successfully promote behaviour change.
Nurses’ engagement with power, voice and politics amidst restructuring efforts
Authors: McMillan Kim , Perron Amélie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractChange is inevitable, and increasingly rapid and continuous in healthcare as organizations strive to adapt, improve and innovate. Organizational change challenges healthcare providers because it restructures how and when patient care delivery is provided, changing ways in which nurses must carry out their work. The aim of this doctoral study was to explore frontline nurses’ experiences of living with rapid and continuous organizational change. A critical hermeneutic approach was utilized. Participants described feeling voiceless, powerless and apolitical amidst rapid and continuous organizational changes which fuelled apathy, cynicism and disengagement from the organization. However, critical analysis of the data showed that nurses actively engaged with power, voice and politics through resistant and transgressive behaviours in micro‐ethical moments of practice. There is a need to reconceptualize the concepts of voice, power and politics in nursing as there is dissonance between nurses’ beliefs about these concepts and what they are enacting in practice. Recognizing their enactment of power, voice and political agency at the micro‐level may empower nurses. Empowerment would mitigate the high levels of reports of powerlessness experienced in practice during organizational changes.