bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the quality of wood from naturally fallen trees in the central Amazon
Authors: Sousa Vieira Mirella , Nascimento Dra. Claudete Catanhede do , Higuchi Niro , Pacheco Karla Mazarelo Maciel 
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to assess the quality and potential of wood from naturally fallen trees in the forest for product development and to provide subsidies for the use of raw material. The inventory of fallen trees was carried out along the road from the Experimental Station of Tropical Silviculture of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon (EEST / INPA) - Nucleus ZF-2, at km 23 of the ZF-2 road that starts to the left of km 50 of Highway BR-174 (Manaus-Boa Vista). Only trees that had fall characteristics due to natural factors, that is, that had exposed roots, were considered for the inventory. It was also stipulated as a requirement for measurement the diameter class of trees of 25 cm ≤ DBH ≤ 45 cm. From each naturally fallen tree, the diameters (largest and smallest) and their length were measured. 5cm thick discs were removed from the trees to obtain samples for scientific identification of the wood and determination of physical properties. Based on the inventory, it was identified that many of the trees naturally fallen in the forest are in good conditions of use, considering their woody material and their volume. The Alexa grandiflora species presented the highest volume with 2,788 m³ for a single tree, followed by the species Ormósia sp. with 2,287 m³ and Protium tenuifolium Engl with a volume of 1,269 m³. Regarding the health of the inventoried trees, all from the species Byrsonima crispaJuss. had no sign of degradation, followed by the species Croton lanjouwensis and Ingá sp. The most frequent class was medium density with 9 species with a variation of 0.47g/cm3 to 0.62g /cm3. Eperua schomburgkiana Benth was the most dense with 0.78g /cm3.The levels of degradation found and the intrinsic characteristics of the species did not compromise the possibilities of using this wooden product, and can represent an excellent opportunity for economic return, contributing to minimize the pressures exerted around the living forest.
The Effectiveness of Location Incentive: An Analytical Study of Manufacturing SMEs in The Kedah State
Authors: Jan Soon Jan , Golam Hassan Asan Ali , Eam Lim Hock 
Published: August 2020

The main objective of this research is to find out the effectiveness of location incentive in attracting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to a certain industrial location in the state of Kedah. The location choice identified in this research would be Sungai Petani and non-Sungai Petani industrial areas. By using the logit model, we found that location incentive is not as effective as other factors in attracting SMEs in setting up their establishments in Kedah. The important factors that influence the location choice of manufacturing SMEs are (i) the years of operation of an SME, and (ii) the physical distribution of an SME product.
An Investigation on Trade Openness, Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth In Malaysia: Using an ARDL Bounds Testing Approach
Authors: Abdullah Hussin , Mohd Mustafa Muszafarshah , Habibullah Muzafar Shah 
Published: August 2020

This study examines the impacts of trade openness and fiscal policy on economic growth in Malaysia between 1970 and 2003 using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and bounds test as proposed by Pesaran et al. (2001). Based on a structure consistent with the endogenous growth theory, the ARDL results show that, overall, trade openness and fiscal policy have strong positive impacts on economic growth in Malaysia over this period. This paper also develops a system instrumental variable method to estimate the structural speed of adjustment coefficient in an error correction model.
Return to Education in Malaysia
Authors: Said Rusmawati , Haris Asmaddy , McNabb Robert 
Published: August 2020

The aim of this paper is to present a picture of return to education in Malaysia over the period from 1984 to 1997 based on earning equations model. The paper employed a set of data comprising micro-level data from the Household Income Survey (HIS) for several years during the period 1984 to 1997. The main finding of this paper is the changes in the wage differentials favouring the middle level of education (secondary level of education) workers. In general, the results show that the return for each level of qualification declined between 1984 and 1997, especially at the higher levels (diploma and degree). Interestingly, the return to education for females at low levels of education is higher than the return by males. However, at higher levels of qualification, especially for those with secondary and high school qualifications, males traditionally have a higher return compared to females workers. The results also indicated a significant gender differential, however the differences has fallen over time.
Adoption of Internet Banking: Theory of the Diffusion of Innovation
Authors: Md Nor Khalil , Pearson J. Michael , Ahmad Altaf 
Published: August 2020

The innovation diffusion theory (IDT) could be considered as one of the earliest theories that attempts to explore factors that influence an individual to adopt an innovation or a new technology. The theory suggests five key beliefs that influence the adoption of any innovation: relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, trialability, and observability. The purpose of this study was to test part of IDT’s attributes empirically. We used Internet banking as the innovation or the targeted technology. We surveyed 1164 business and MBA students in four public universities in Malaysia. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data. The results showed that relative advantage, compatibility, and trialability have a significant effect on att itude. Consequently, attitude significantly aff ects the intention to use Internet banking. Based on the findings, implications to practice
An Empirical Investigation on the Relationship between Risk of Bankruptcy and Stock Return
Authors: Md-Rus Rohani 
Published: August 2020

The main objective of the paper is to find out whether bankruptcy risk is a systematic risk. In particular, we investigate the contribution of size, bookto-market, excess market returns and bankruptcy probability in explaining returns. We allocate stocks into portfolios according to the probability of bankruptcy from the hazard model. Results show that bankruptcy risk is not a systematic risk. The results consistently show that excess market returns and size have strong power to explain returns in the UK for the period from 1988 to 1997. Book-to-market and bankruptcy risk only matt er in portfolios with higher probability of bankruptcy. Keyword: Bankruptcy risk, bankruptcy probability, hazard model. JEL Classification: G12, G33
Kemiskinan dan Agihan Pendapatan di Negeri Perak
Authors: Abdul Rashid Zakariah , Kamarul Bahrain Nooraini 
Published: August 2020

Dengan menggunakan data HIS2000 dan pengiraan beberapa indeks kemiskinan dan agihan pendapatan (positif dan normatif), kertas kajian ini menganalisis isu kemiskinan dan jurang pendapatan mengikut kaum dan wilayah dalam negeri Perak. Kajian ini mendapati kemiskinan di negeri ini berdimensikan kaum dan wilayah apabila isi rumah Melayu adalah yang paling ramai miskin dengan jurang pendapatan di antara kaum ini dengan kaum-kaum lain jelas ketara. Selain itu, kemiskinan negeri ini juga bercirikan luar bandar dengan jurang pendapatan antara bandar dengan luar-bandar juga jelas ketara. Bagi memperbaiki ketidakseimbangan ini, kertas ini mencadangkan agar kaum yang terkebelakang ekonominya diberikan peluang yang lebih baik bergiat dalam sektor pembuatan dan perkhidmatan dan begitu juga, kawasan luar bandar perlu ditingkatkan prasarana ekonominya. Kedua-dua cadangan ini boleh diselaraskan dalam satu strategi pembangunan yang sedia ada dalam peringkat negeri dan persekutuan (NCER). Kata kunci: Ukuran kemiskinan positif dan normatif, pencerakinan agihan pendapatan, nisbah jurang pendapatan dan ukuran kebajikan.
Impak Perbelanjaan Pelancong Antarabangsa Kepada Ekonomi Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Salleh Norlida Hanim , Othman Redzuan , Jaafar Abdul Hamid 
Published: August 2020

Peningkatan perbelanjaan pelancong akan membawa kesan kepada meningkatnya permintaan akhir barangan dan perkhidmatan negara yang dilawati. Keadaan ini mempengaruhi atau memberi kesan kepada peningkatan tingkat keluaran dan pendapatan, serta kutipan cukai kerajaan daripada sektor tersebut. Sesetengah keperluan pelancong merupakan barang akhir atau barangan yang menggunakan asas input yang diimport. Ini bermakna perbelanjaan mereka juga merangsang peningkatan import. Kajian ini membincangkan secara konseptual dan disusuli secara praktikal bagi menganggarkan impak sebenar yang terhasil daripada perbelanjaan pelancong. Bagi tujuan tersebut kaedah Input-Output (I-O) akan digunakan. Untuk menggunakan kaedah ini, Jadual I-O yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia yang merujuk kepada I-O 2000 telah diagregatkan mengikut kesesuaian kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati beberapa subsector pelancongan seperti hotel dan restoran, borong dan runcit, pengangkutan serta sektor pembuatan yang bukan merupakan subsektor pelancongan adalah antara sektor utama penjana ekonomi keseluruhan. Nilai pengganda bagi keluaran, pendapatan dan kutipan cukai kerajaan yang dicatatkan berada pada kadar yang memberangsangkan (10–50 peratus). Sungguhpun perbelanjaan pelancongan secara keseluruhan menyebabkan import barang dan perkhidmatan dari luar negara meningkat, namum peningkatan import adalah sekitar 20 peratus sahaja. Hasil kerja ini dapat dijadikan panduan dalam membina polisi pelancongan serta membantu pelajar lebih memahami keterkaitan yang wujud dalam sebuah sistem ekonomi. Kata Kunci: Pelancongan Malaysia, impak ekonomi, pengganda, analisis Input-Output.
Interaksi Antara Kepuasan Kerja Dengan Sikap Terhadap Wang Sebagai Peramal Kepada Keinginan Untuk Berhenti Kerja Secara Sukarela
Authors: Ismail Azman , John Cindy , Mohd Shariff Mohd Noor , Ajis Mohd Na’eim , Dollah Noor Faizzah 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan utama kajian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengukur kesan kepuasan kerja dan sikap terhadap wang ke atas keinginan untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela. Kaedah soal selidik telah digunakan untuk mengumpul 140 borang soal selidik daripada pekerja yang berkhidmat di sebuah penguasa tempatan bertaraf bandaraya di Sabah, Malaysia. Keputusan analisis regresi hierarki menunjukkan dua dapatan penting: pertama, interaksi di antara kepuasan kerja intrinsik dan sikap terhadap wang mempunyai hubungan yang signifi kan dengan keinginan pekerja untuk berhenti kerja. Kedua, interaksi diantara kepuasan kerja ekstrinsik dan sikap terhadap wang mempunyai hubungan yang signifi kan dengan keinginan pekerja untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela. Keputusan ujian statistik ini menunjukkan bahawa sikap positif terhadap wang di kalangan pekerja yang mempunyai kepuasan kerja intrinsic berupaya menghalang hasrat mereka untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela. Manakala, sikap positif terhadap wang di kalangan pekerja yang mempunyai kepuasan kerja ekstrinsik tidak berupaya menghalang hasrat mereka untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela. Dapatan kajian mengesahkan bahawa sikap terhadap wang hanya bertindak sebagai pemboleh ubah penyederhana separa dalam model kepuasan kerja dalam organisasi kajian. Selanjutnya, perbincangan dan implikasi kajian turut dihuraikan. Kata kunci: Kepuasan kerja, sikap terhadap wang, keinginan untuk berhenti kerja secara sukarela.
Customer Loyalty: The Case of Mobile Phone Users in Universiti Utara Malaysia
Authors: Achour Meguellati , Md. Said Nor Pujawati , Boerhannoeddin Ali 
Published: August 2020

This research attempts to examine the relationships between service quality, switching barriers and brand image and customer loyalty in the Universiti Utara Malaysia sector. Based on the theoretical model, a comprehensive set of hypotheses were formulated and a methodology for testing them was outlined. These hypotheses were tested empirically by means of questionnaires to demonstrate the applicability of the theoretical model. The results indicate that service quality, switching barriers, and brand image are separate constructs that combine to determine loyalty, with service quality and switching barriers exerting a stronger influence than brand image. Hypotheses H1, H2 were supported, while hypothesis H3 was rejected. Keywords: Customer loyalty, brand image, switching barriers, service quality.
Effects of Cooking Oil Subsidy Removals on Related Markets in Malaysia: A Comparative Static, Multicommodity, Multi Stage Production Approach
Authors: Othman Jamal , Jafari Yaghoob 
Published: August 2020

Malaysia is contemplating removal of most of her subsidy support measures including subsidies on cooking oil which is largely palm oil based. This paper aims to examine the effects of cooking oil subsidy removals on the competitiveness of the oil palm subsector and related markets. This is done by developing and applying a comparative static, multi-commodity, partial equilibrium model with multi-stages of production function for the Malaysian perennial crops subsector which explicitly links different stages of production, primary and intermediate input markets, trade, and policy linkages. Results partly suggest that export of cooking oil will increase by 0.2 per cent due to a 10 per cent cooking oil subsidy reduction, while domestic output of cooking oil may eventually see a net decline of 1.97 per cent. The results clearly point out that the effect of reducing cooking oil subsidies is relatively small at the upstream levels and therefore it only induces minute effects on factor markets. Consequently, the market for other agricultural crops is projected to change very marginally. Keywords: Multicomodity, comparative statics, partial equilibrium model, output supply-factor markets linkages, effects of cooking oil subsidy removals.
Pelaporan Kewangan Menerusi Internet: Tinjauan Kajian Lepas
Authors: Ali Khan Mohd Noor Azli , Ismail Noor Azizi 
Published: August 2020

Makalah ini mengulas sorotan literatur berkaitan penyelidikan pelaporan kewangan menerusi Internet (PKMI). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan terma, dimensi dan penklasifi kasian berkaitan PKMI tidak konsisten dalam kalangan penyelidik. Perbezaan ini menyumbang kepada perbezaan dapatan kajian dan seterusnya gagal menerangkan dengan jelas faktor penentu yang mempengaruhi PKMI. Penelitian terhadap kajian PKMI turut mendapati sedikit sahaja kajian yang memberi fokus kepada pembinaan indeks pelaporan bagi menerangkan tahap PKMI. Pengajaran yang dapat dicungkil daripada perbincangan dan ulasan tersebut ialah perlunya satu kajian yang lebih komprehensif bagi membincangkan isu berkaitan PKMI. Kata kunci: Terma, dimensi, faktor penentu dan pelaporan kewangan menerusi Internet.
Rancangan Pembangunan Malaysia: Isu Tukar-Ganti (Trade-Off ) Antara Pertumbuhan Dengan Kelestarian
Authors: Siwar Chamhuri , Ahmad Damanhuri Nasyrah , Abdul Ghani Aziz Sarah Aziz 
Published: August 2020

Rancangan Malaysia Kesepuluh (RMK-10) menyasarkan Malaysia mencapai pertumbuhan enam sehingga tujuh peratus sepanjang tempoh rancangan. Pertumbuhan yang tinggi ini akan menjadi aspirasi negara untuk menjadi sebuah negara berpendapatan tinggi menjelang tahun 2020 sejajar dengan matlamat Wawasan 2020. Walau bagaimanapun, persoalan timbul apabila, pertumbuhan negara dikaitkan dengan konsep pembangunan lestari yang berlandaskan pembangunan ekonomi yang menitikberatkan kesejahteraan sosial dan kelestarian alam sekitar. Adakah negara perlu mengejar pertumbuhan yang diukur menerusi Keluaran Dalam Negara Kasar (KDNK)? Bagaimana negara menangani isu berkaitan pembangunan lestari yang mengambil kira perkiraan terhadap alam sekitar? Dalam Model Ekonomi Baru (MEB) telah menjelaskan tiga komponen utama yang diberi penekanan; inclusiveness, negara berpendapatan tinggi dan kelestarian. Kajian ini akan menyingkap hubung kait ketiga-tiga komponen ini, menganalisis dan menjawab persoalan apakah tukar-ganti antara ketiganya yang merangkumi isu pengagihan pendapatan, kemiskinan, ketidakseimbangan pendapatan menerusi pekali gini dan isu berkaitan pembangunan lestari Kata kunci: Rancangan Malaysia Kesepuluh (RMK-10), indikator pembangunan lestari.
Penilaian Prestasi Maklum Balas 360 Darjah dari Perspektif Islam: Satu Tinjauan
Authors: Yusof Ab. Aziz 
Published: August 2020

Penilaian prestasi merupakan nadi kepada kehidupan organisasi serta fungsi penting dalam pengurusan sumber manusia. Pelaksanaannya sering diselubungi oleh pelbagai masalah psikososial yang menyebabkan berlakunya konflik, ketidakpuasan, kebimbangan, tekanan, ketandusan upaya dan lainlain. Tanggapan ketidakadilan dalam pelaksanaan dan pengaruh politik pejabat merupakan punca utama kepada permasalahan ini. Bagi berhadapan dengan masalah ini, pelbagai kaedah penilaian prestasi telah diperkenalkan antaranya ialah Maklum Balas 360 Darjah. Walau bagaimanapun, didapati pelaksanaan kaedah ini juga masih lagi terdedah kepada pelbagai kelemahan yang berpunca daripada kesilapan manusia (human errors). Menyedari permasalahan yang dihadapi, kertas kerja ini cuba meneroka pendekatan penilaian prestasi Maklum Balas 360 Darjah daripada perspektif Islam sebagai gantian kepada kaedah konvensional. Kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan justifi kasi keperluan kepada pendekatan Islam, pelakupelaku yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaannya serta ciri-ciri yang perlu ada pada pendekatan penilaian prestasi Maklum Balas 360 Darjah daripada perspektif Islam. Kata kunci: Penilaian prestasi, penilaian prestasi Maklum Balas 360 Darjah, penilaian prestasi Maklum Balas 360 Darjah dari perspektif Islam.
Work and Family: The Perception of Balance Among Female Teachers in Northern Malaysia
Authors: Aziz Azelin , Chang Artemis 
Published: August 2020

Women’s participation in paid employment has become a common scenario even in non-western developing countries. For example in Malaysia, the trend is growing although the traditional gender role remains strong in Malaysian society. Even though working, women are still expected to assume major responsibilities at home. Thus, as opposed to men, women in this society face the challenge to satisfactorily balance work and family. This study was carried out to explore how Malaysian women perceive the meaning of a balanced work-family life. Sampling women teachers, the interview findings revealed that work-family balance was mainly perceived in terms of an individual’s ‘ability to fulfill role obligation’ appropriately in both the work and family domains. A few participants also viewed balance in the context of role satisfaction and role interference. Overall, the results support the assumption in the literature that perceptions of work-family experience are not universal, rather, the construct of work-family balance is culture-specific. Keywords: Work-family interface, cross-culture, role demands.
Roles of Job Satisfaction in Ensuring Quality of Working Life
Authors: Rosli Rozaini , Ab. Wahab Norailis 
Published: August 2020

At present many companies around the world are struggling to meet the challenges presented by the organization’s global trends. The workforce has been continuously reminded of the competitiveness and increasing productivity in ensuring better working life. Not forgetting to balance the routines, job satisfaction needs also to be deliberated in any organization. In the current business scenario, the workforce in Malaysia has often been called to acquire core competencies and maintain their competitiveness in a liberalized and globalized market. Further, with the implementation of various policies pertinent to employment including the retirement age and minimum wages, the workplace is no more a pleasant place. Workers need to be more innovative, creative and talented to sustain employment. For such reasons, this paper attempts to examine the relationship between organizational support and job satisfaction in the insurance industry. The results showed that satisfaction with the job (M = 3.68); successful people, directed or influenced by its own commitment to achieve organizational goals (M = 3.55); know and understand the policies and processes to do their job better (M = 3.54). This result is important in that it clearly shows that the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational support are intertwined and closely related to organization performance. This paper proposed a practical model that helps management or decision-makers to highlight the most influential factors that influence the quality of employees’ working life in their organizations. Keywords: Job satisfaction, quality of working life, insurance industry.
The Effect of Muslim Products as an Islamic Retail Store Attribute: A Study on Muslim Consumer Patronage Behaviour in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Fauzi Waida Irani , Mohd Mokhtar Sany Sanuri , Yusoff Rushami Zien 
Published: August 2020

As Malaysian Muslim consumers are more concerned about religious teachings, the doubt about the halalalness of the ingredients, processing and handling of the products has attracted Muslim consumers’ attention. Recently, Muslims are not only concerned about halal but the issue of “halalal tayibbah” has obtained great attention. In order to verify the “halalal tayibbah” concept, the acceptance of Muslim-made products is increasing in the market. With the spirit of helping the economy of the ummah, Muslim consumers tend to give their support to Muslim products. With a high demand for Muslim products, an initiative to introduce an Islamic-focused retail store has shown significant growth. Essentially, the store will provide a range of Muslim products as a substitute for previous brands. With regard to this phenomenon, the present study investigates the effect of Muslim products in an Islamic retail store on Muslim consumer-patronage behaviour. In order to get feedback, self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 384 patrons of Islamic retail stores in the northern region of Malaysia. The result of the partial least square analysis concluded that the provision of Muslim products has a significant impact on the patronage-behaviour of Muslim consumers. By buying Muslim products, Muslim consumers feel more confident that they are buying products that are religiously allowable and it prompts Muslim consumers’ buying-decisions in patronizing a store. Keywords: Muslim product. Muslim and patronage behaviour.