bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipoteichoic acid stimulates the proliferation, migration and cytokine production of adult dental pulp stem cells without affecting osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Shayegan A. , Zucchi A. , De Swert K. , Balau B. , Truyens C. , Nicaise C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo model in vitro the contact between adult dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell wall component expressed at the surface of most Gram‐positive bacteria.MethodologyHuman DPSCs obtained from impacted third molars were cultured and exposed to various concentrations of S. aureus LTA (0.1, 1.0 and 10 µg mL−1). The effects of LTA on DPSCs proliferation and apoptosis were investigated by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Mineralization of DPSCs was evaluated by alizarin red staining assay. Migration was investigated by microphotographs of wound‐healing and Transwell migration assays. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the effects of LTA on p65 NF‐κB translocation and TLR1, TLR2 or TLR6 regulation. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to investigate LTA‐stimulated DPSCs cytokine production. One‐way or two‐way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc multiple comparison were used for statistical analysis.ResultsDPSCs expressed TLR1, TLR2 and TLR6 involved in the recognition of various forms of LTA or lipoproteins. Exposure to LTA did not up‐ or down‐regulate the mRNAs of TLR1, TLR2 or TLR6 whilst LPS acted as a potent inducer of them [TLR1 (P ≤ 0.05), TLR2 (P ≤ 0.001) and TLR6 (P ≤ 0.001)]. Translocation of p65 NF‐κB to the nucleus was detected in LTA‐stimulated cells, but to a lesser extent than LPS‐stimulated DPSCs (P ≤ 0.001). The viability of cells exposed to LTA was greater than unstimulated cells, which was attributed to an increased proliferation and not to less cell death [LTA 1 μg mL−1 (P ≤ 0.001) and 10 μg mL−1 (P ≤ 0.01)]. For specific doses of LTA (1.0 µg mL−1), adhesion of DPSCs to collagen matrix was disturbed (P ≤ 0.05) and cells enhanced their horizontal mobility (P ≤ 0.001). LTA‐stimulated DPSCs released IL‐6 and IL‐8 in a dose‐dependent manner (P ≤ 0.0001). At all concentrations investigated, LTA did not influence osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation.ConclusionsHuman DPSCs were able to sense the wall components of Gram‐positive bacteria likely through TLR2 signalling. Consequently, cells modestly proliferated, increased their migratory behaviour and contributed significantly to the local inflammatory response through cytokine release.
Microstructural characteristics and long‐term stability of wollastonite‐based chemically bonded phosphate ceramics
Authors: Alshaaer Mazen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe microstructure of a wollastonite chemically bonded phosphate ceramic (WCPC) and its long‐term stability can be characterized in terms of functions over time and at intermediate temperatures (RT, 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C). As seen through SEM images and EDX analysis, the ceramic microstructure comprises brushite, wollastonite and an amorphous heterogeneous phase. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) mapping shows the amorphous phase in this chemically bonded phosphate ceramic to have a uniform distribution of Ca and P elements. The transformation of brushite and the amorphous matrix in its solid state to a more stable CaP phase takes place over a long period. The mechanical performance of the ceramic is therefore improved by thermal aging. Chemical changes are accompanied by denser, more stable phases leading to increased stiffness. The primary disadvantage associated with using this new material in construction would be its relatively high shrinkage as a result of chemical and physical factors.
Glycaemic trajectory and predictors of suboptimal glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Pathiraja Nipuni P. , Colman Peter G. , Wentworth John M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe aimed to describe the glycaemic trajectory and define characteristics associated with suboptimal glycaemic control in the type 2 diabetes clinic. Higher glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at 1 year was associated with higher baseline HbA1c, concurrent anti‐depressant or antipsychotic medication, higher bodyweight and low treatment adherence. These characteristics may help identify patients unlikely to attain HbA1c treatment targets and be better served by a different model of care.
Mechanism of pulsus bisferiens in thoracoabdominal thoracic aneurysms: Insights from wave intensity analysis
Authors: Chirinos Julio A. , Lee Jonathan , Segers Patrick 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAortic pulsatile hemodynamics are important in various clinical conditions. Whereas the importance of wave reflections of the closed type in pulsatile hemodynamics has been extensively studied, less is known about the impact of reflections of the open type, in which reflected waves changes both direction and type (compression vs suction) compared to the incident wave. In this report, we present careful pulsatile hemodynamic analyses of a case in which prominent reflections of the open type occur in a patient with a thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm, causing a highly abnormal proximal aortic and peripheral arterial hemodynamic pattern, known as pulsus bisferiens. Wave intensity analysis of central pressure‐flow data demonstrated an early systolic forward‐traveling compression wave followed by a prominent late systolic forward‐traveling expansion wave, along with an abnormal prominent late systolic/early diastolic backward‐traveling compression wave which produced a sharp rise in diastolic pressure, and was responsible for the pulsus bisferiens pattern.
A novel autophagy‐related lncRNA prognostic risk model for breast cancer
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Jin Feng , Li Yang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are well known as crucial regulators to breast cancer development and are implicated in controlling autophagy. LncRNAs are also emerging as valuable prognostic factors for breast cancer patients. It is critical to identify autophagy‐related lncRNAs with prognostic value in breast cancer. In this study, we identified autophagy‐related lncRNAs in breast cancer by constructing a co‐expression network of autophagy‐related mRNAs‐lncRNAs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We evaluated the prognostic value of these autophagy‐related lncRNAs by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses and eventually obtained a prognostic risk model consisting of 11 autophagy‐related lncRNAs (U62317.4, LINC01016, LINC02166, C6orf99, LINC00992, BAIAP2‐DT, AC245297.3, AC090912.1, Z68871.1, LINC00578 and LINC01871). The risk model was further validated as a novel independent prognostic factor for breast cancer patients based on the calculated risk score by Kaplan‐Meier analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Moreover, based on the risk model, the low‐risk and high‐risk groups displayed different autophagy and oncogenic statues by principal component analysis (PCA) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) functional annotation. Taken together, these findings suggested that the risk model of the 11 autophagy‐related lncRNAs has significant prognostic value for breast cancer and might be autophagy‐related therapeutic targets in clinical practice.
Platform leadership and supply chains: Intel, Centrino, and the restructuring of Wi‐Fi supply
Authors: Fontana Roberto , Greenstein Shane 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper we examine Intel's launch of Centrino and interpret it as platform leader's attempt to restructure a supply chain. We provide a narrative of key actions and how they coordinated changes and offer a framework of the predictable consequences for complementary markets. We then collect data and test these predictions on outcomes in several related complementary markets. The overall findings are consistent with our framework. We show that the launch of Centrino increased the likelihood of exit from internal and external Wi‐Fi cards markets, and we find that the magnitude of the effect was largest for internal cards. We also show that the launch of Centrino's stimulated product introduction in the markets for complements overall and find that the effect varied across type of routers. Finally, we show that experience with producing Wi‐Fi cards shaped product introduction by router providers.
Burden of colorectal cancer attributable to diet low in milk in China, 1990–2017: findings from the global burden of disease study 2017
Authors: Wang Z.Q. , Zhang L. , Guo W.B. , Gao Y. , Li X.J. , Zhao Y.F. , Liu J.M. , Zhou M.G. , Li M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) has emerged as a major public health concern. However, little is known about the burden attributable to specific risk factors. The present study aimed to estimate the temporal trends and geographical variation of CRC burden attributable to a diet low in milk in China.MethodsFollowing the general analytic strategy used in the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study, we assessed the age‐, sex‐, and province‐specific mortality and disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs) of CRC caused by a diet low in milk in China from 1990 to 2017.ResultsIn 2017, a diet low in milk contributed 32 032 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) = 11 350–53 806] deaths and 726 710 (95% UI = 256 651–1 218 153) DALYs for CRC with a population attributable fraction of 17.1%. The age‐standardised mortality and DALY rates per 100 000 were 1.7 (95% UI = 0.6–2.9) and 36.8 (95% UI = 13.0–61.7), respectively. An upward trend with age in rates of mortality and DALYs was observed. Males had higher age‐standardised rates than females. The number of deaths and DALYs increased significantly from 1990 to 2017, whereas the corresponding age‐standardised rates showed relatively stable trends. In 2017, Hunan and Liaoning were ranked as the top two provinces in terms of disease burden. Socio‐demographic index had a weak correlation with the age‐standardised mortality (r = 0.348, P = 0.047).ConclusionsThe present study shows a substantial increase in the CRC burden attributable to a diet low in milk over the past three decades. Greater priority in CRC prevention should be given to males and the elderly population throughout China, particularly in less‐developed provinces.
Toward the development of subnational hybrid input–output tables in a multiregional framework
Authors: Towa Edgar , Zeller Vanessa , Merciai Stefano , Schmidt Jannick , Achten Wouter M. J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEnvironmental input–output analyses can be a useful decision support tool at the subnational level, because of its ability to capture economic and environmental impacts at other geographical levels. Yet, such analyses are hindered by the lack of subnational IO tables. Furthermore, the lack of physical product and waste flows in what is known as a “hybrid” table prevents a range of consumption‐based and circular‐economy‐type analyses. We demonstrate the development of a multiregional hybrid IOT (MRHIOT) along with environmental extensions at the subnational level and exemplify it for the case of Belgium. The development procedure discloses a novel approach of combining national hybrid tables, subnational monetary tables, and physical survey‐based data. Such a combination builds upon a partial‐survey approach that includes a range of techniques for initial estimation and reconciliation within a balancing procedure. For the validation of the approaches, we assessed the magnitude of deviations between the initial and final estimates and analyzed the uncertainties inherent to each initial estimation procedure. Subsequently, we conducted a consumption‐based analysis where we assessed the carbon footprint (CF) at the subnational level and highlighted the CF inherent to the interregional linkages. This study provides methodological and application‐based contributions to the discussion on the relevance of hybrid subnational tables and analyses compared to national ones. The proposed approach could be replicable to some extent for further developing subnational MRHIOT. The study is expected to foster more research toward the development of further subnational MRHIOT as well as its associated wide‐ranging applications.
Molar‐incisor hypomineralization in quilombola children and adolescents: A study of prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Dourado Daniele Gomes , Lima Cacilda Castelo Branco , Silva Renara Natália Cerqueira , Tajra Fábio Solon , Moura Marcoeli Silva , Lopes Teresinha Soares Pereira , De Deus Moura Lúcia De Fátima Almeida , de Lima Marina de Deus Moura 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis cross‐sectional observational study determined the prevalence and factors associated with molar‐incisive hypomineralization (MIH) in quilombola children and adolescents in north‐eastern Brazil.MethodsThe sample consisted of 251 children and adolescents (8 to 14 years old) living in the rural quilombola community Lagoas in São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí (census population). Sociodemographic and health‐related data were collected from pre‐, peri‐ and post‐natal health records and a clinical examination for MIH diagnosis was performed by four previously trained and calibrated examiners. Descriptive data analysis and Poisson regression were performed. The magnitude of the association was determined by adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsThe prevalence of MIH was 46.6%. The presence of MIH was associated with gestational diabetes (PR = 2.49, 95% CI 2.08−2.99; p <0.001) and acute foetal distress (PR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.04−1.86; p = 0.025).ConclusionIt was concluded that the prevalence of MIH in the quilombola community was high and associated with gestational diabetes and acute foetal distress.
Comparison of liver disease state progression in patients with eradication of versus persistent infection with hepatitis C virus: Markov chain analysis
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Toyoda Hidenori , Kumada Takashi , Kurisu Akemi , Sugiyama Aya , Akita Tomoyuki , Ohisa Masayuki , Aikata Hiroshi , Miki Daiki , Chayama Kazuaki , Tanaka Junko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo investigate the long‐term prognosis of liver disease in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication after antiviral therapy versus those with persistent HCV infection. Four hundred and eighty patients (5259 person‐years [PYs]) who received interferon‐based therapy and achieved sustained virologic response and 848 patients (3853 PYs) with persistent HCV infection were included. In the analysis of 1‐year liver disease state transition probability matrices using Markov chain models, progression to cirrhosis from the chronic hepatitis state was observed (0.00%–0.63%) in patients with HCV eradication. Among patients with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis and HCV eradication, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development was observed in males aged ≥ 50 years (0.97%–1.96%) and females aged ≥ 60 years (0.26%–5.00%). Additionally, in patients with cirrhosis and HCV eradication, improvement to chronic hepatitis was also observed (4.94%–10.64%). Conversely, in patients with chronic hepatitis and persistent HCV infection, progression to cirrhosis was observed in males aged ≥ 30 years and female aged ≥ 40 years (0.44%–1.99%). In males aged ≥ 40 years and female aged ≥ 50 years with cirrhosis, the transition probability for HCC was relatively high (4.17%–14.02%). Under the assumption of either chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis at age 40 or 60 years as the starting condition for simulation over the next 30 or 40 years, respectively, the probability of HCC was higher in patients with persistent HCV infection than those with HCV eradication. In conclusion, HCV eradication can reduce the risk of developing cirrhosis or HCC in patients with chronic HCV infection.
Distribution and abundance of scaup using baitfish and sportfish farms in eastern Arkansas
Authors: Clements Stephen A. , Dorr Brian S. , Davis J. Brian , Roy Luke A. , Engle Carole R. , Hanson‐Dorr Katie C. , Kelly Anita M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractArkansas' bait‐ and sportfish facilities are commonly used by various piscivorous bird species, including lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) and greater scaup (A. marila) that consume substantial quantities of fish. To mediate this predation, farmers implement extensive bird harassment programs that create additional costs to fish loss, thus research investigating the distribution and abundance of scaup is needed to help farmers allocate their bird harassment efforts more efficiently. In winters 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 we conducted 1,368 pond surveys to investigate pond use by scaup on farms during birds' regular wintering period (i.e., November–March). We used intrinsic and extrinsic pond‐level and farm‐level characteristics as explanatory variables in generalized linear models to reveal characteristics associated with increased scaup use. Inter‐annual differences in scaup use were also considered in each model. Our pond‐level model showed that scaup occurred more frequently on larger golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) ponds stocked at greater densities, particularly during our second study winter. Our farm‐level model suggested that farms further from major rivers and with an average pond size of approximately eight hectares had the greatest probability of scaup use. Producers can apply findings from our models to implement bird harassment efforts in times and locations where scaup predation is more likely to occur.
Measuring dynamic connectedness networks in energy commodities: evidence from the D‐Y and frequency connectedness approaches
Authors: Polat Onur 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this study, we examine the energy commodities connectedness between the period June 2006 and April 2020 by implementing the Diebold–Yilmaz and the frequency connectedness approaches. We estimate dynamic connectedness between WTI crude oil, the Henry Hub natural gas, ULS diesel and the gasoline prices over the analysed period. Overall spillover indexes estimated by both methodologies properly respond to prominent geopolitical events over the sample period. Additionally, we plot network graphs for directional spillovers reflecting two distinct periods, 2007:3–2019:12 and 2020:1–2020:4. Network analysis verifies that the directional spillovers between energy commodities have prominently surged due to the COVID‐19 outbreak. The findings of the study underline the importance of an effective regulatory framework for monitoring commodity price developments to avoid adverse effects of commodity price shocks. Additionally, the authorities should enact policy actions to counteract the detrimental effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the commodity markets.
Perceptions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians toward cardiovascular primary prevention programs: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Lord Heidi , MacPhail Catherine , Cherry Julie , Fernandez Ritin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo synthesize the best available qualitative evidence on the perceptions of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians (hereafter, respectfully referred to as Indigenous Australians) toward participation in cardiovascular primary prevention programs.BackgroundIn 2017, cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of premature mortality in Indigenous Australians, accounting for 11.5% of all deaths. Health risk behaviors such as smoking, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and obesity largely contribute to this burden of disease.MethodsA search using MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, Google Scholar, MedNar, ProQuest and Index to Theses for published and unpublished studies was conducted in January 2020. The methodological quality of the included studies was independently assessed by two reviewers using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool. Data extraction and meta‐aggregation were conducted in accordance with JBI methodology.ResultsEleven studies were included. Three synthesized findings were developed (a) social and community support affect participants’ experiences of prevention programs; (b) structural drivers and social determinants influence Indigenous Australians experiences and participation in prevention programs and health risk behavioral change; and (c) a personal desire to change behaviors and participate in prevention programs requires development of knowledge regarding healthy lifestyles and creation of new social norms.ConclusionsIndigenous Australians participation in primary prevention for cardiovascular risk factors and adoption of a healthy lifestyle are influenced by social support, social determinants, and personal desire. Future programs need to tackle the structural drivers and facilitate a supportive environment to assist in health risk behavior change.
Optimal NH4+/NO3− ratios enhance the shade tolerance of soybean seedlings under low light conditions
Authors: Raza A. , Asghar M. A. , Hussain S. , Bin C. , Shafiq I. , Ahmad I. , Ghafoor A. , Karim H. , Iqbal T. , Yang W. , Weiguo L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

In the maize–soybean intercropping system, shade is the major chronic restraint that affects normal growth of soybean. Different spatial patterns of this system affect the microclimate of soybean through shading from maize plants. However, the negative impacts of shading stress can be mitigated by providing optimal ratios of different fertilizers.

Therefore, to test this hypothesis, soybean plants were grown under different light conditions (normal light or shade) to evaluate the response to varying NH4+/NO3− ratios. Seeds of soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Nan‐99‐6) were grown in nutrient solution with a total concentration of 5 mM N using different NH4+/NO3− ratios (T0 = 0:0, T1 = 0:100, T2 = 25:75, T3 = 50:50 and T4 = 75:25) for 40 days in a greenhouse at PPFD 320.95 μmol m−2 s−1 (low light) or 967.53 μmol m−2 s−1 (normal light).

Under low light, growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings significantly decreased as compared to normal light conditions. However, the optimal ratios of NH4+/ NO3− improved growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings under both light conditions. Our results indicated that soybean seedlings supplied with optimal NH4+/NO3− ratios (25:75 and 50:50) have maximum biomass yield, chlorophyll pigments, leaf gas exchange, photochemical activity and root growth as compared to low and high NH4+/NO3− ratios (T1 and T4).

High ratios of NH4+/NO3− (T4) resulted in reduced plant growth due to nutrient accumulation in plant tissues; therefore, we suggest that optimal ratios of NH4+/NO3− (T2 and T3) can enhance the shade tolerance of soybean seedlings.