bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical priming to improve annual bluegrass survival of ice encasement
Authors: Laskowski Kevin , Merewitz Emily 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBroadly applicable management strategies to prepare turfgrasses for overwintering are lacking. This research aimed to investigate whether chemical priming in the field may improve the survival of the perennial form of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) after ice encasement. Annual bluegrass field plots were treated in the summer and fall of 2017 and 2018 with salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), trinexapac‐ethyl (TE), Civitas (active ingredient: mineral oil), and combinations of each chemical or were not treated. Civitas and Civitas + TE‐treated plants had the highest level of turfgrass quality throughout the summer and fall. Normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) and dark green color index (DGCI) indicated that JA + TE and Civitas + TE had consistently higher values than controls on many dates. Plant plugs were transferred from the field to a low temperature growth chamber (–4°C) for ice encasement or no ice treatment. Following ice encasement for 40 or 80 d, all treatments except for TE alone showed some significant improvements in annual bluegrass recovery. Treatment of annual bluegrass in the summer and fall with Civitas, TE + Civitas, JA, and TE + JA preceding ice encasement may improve recovery from prolonged ice encasement and be useful turf management practices. Without ice encasement at low temperature, Civitas was the only treatment that improved recovery. The chemical treatments that improved ice encasement recovery may alter annual bluegrass fatty acid ratios, such as by increasing the unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid.
Forest‐derived liming by‐products: Potential benefits to remediate soil acidity and increase soil fertility
Authors: Gagnon Bernard , Ziadi Noura 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSoil acidification is an important cause of declining crop yields in many countries, including Canada and the United States. Meanwhile, alkaline by‐products from forest resources are widely available but underused in agriculture despite their expected benefits on soil pH and fertility. The aim of this study was to determine the effects, throughout a 40‐wk laboratory incubation, of six different forest‐derived liming materials on soil pH and Mehlich‐3–extractable major nutrients in two acidic soils. Lime mud, two wood ashes (papermill biosolids and wood bark), two biochars (maple and pine), and a de‐inking paper sludge (DPS) were applied at calcium carbonate equivalence–based rates, according to the amount of lime required to achieve a target pH of 6.5 on each soil. A calcitic lime (CL) was used as a reference. All forest‐derived materials except pine biochar were equally effective as CL in increasing the pH of the two acidic soils after 40 wk of incubation. Lime mud quickly raised the pH after soil incorporation, and then the pH progressively declined. By contrast, DPS upon decomposition gradually increased soil pH over time. In terms of liming value based on dry mass of each material, lime mud was needed at the lowest amount (0.8 CL unit) to increase pH to the target value. Wood ash, particularly from wood combustion, was a significant direct source of P, K, and Mg, whereas maple biochar supplied large amounts of available K and Mg. This study demonstrated that forest‐derived alkaline by‐products can efficiently remediate soil acidity and improve soil fertility.
Hydrostatic and Uniaxial Pressure Tuning of Iron‐Based Superconductors: Insights into Superconductivity, Magnetism, Nematicity, and Collapsed Tetragonal Transitions
Authors: Gati Elena , Xiang Li , Bud'ko Sergey L. , Canfield Paul C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIron‐based superconductors are well‐known for their intriguing phase diagrams, which manifest a complex interplay of electronic, magnetic, and structural degrees of freedom. Among the phase transitions observed are superconducting, magnetic, and several types of structural transitions, including a tetragonal‐to‐orthorhombic and a collapsed‐tetragonal transition. In particular, the widely observed tetragonal‐to‐orthorhombic transition is believed to be a result of an electronic order that is coupled to the crystalline lattice and is, thus, referred to as nematic transition. Nematicity is therefore a prominent feature of these materials, which signals the importance of the coupling of electronic and lattice properties. Correspondingly, these systems are particularly susceptible to tuning via pressure (hydrostatic, uniaxial, or some combination). Efforts to probe the phase diagrams of pressure‐tuned iron‐based superconductors are reviewed with a strong focus on recent insights into the phase diagrams of several members of this material class under hydrostatic pressure. These studies on FeSe, Ba(FeCox)2As2, Ca(FeCox)2As2, and CaK(FeNix)4As4are, to a significant extent, made possible by advances of what measurements can be adapted to their use under differing pressure environments. The potential impact of these tools for the study of the wider class of strongly correlated electron systems is pointed out.
On modelling of glucose transport in hollow fibre membrane bioreactor for growing three‐dimensional tissue
Authors: Suhaimi Hazwani , Ward John Peter , Das Diganta Bhusan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHollow fibre membrane bioreactors (HFMBs) have been shown to overcome the diffusion limitation of nutrients (e.g., glucose) from the hollow fibres (lumens) to the porous regions of a scaffold (extracapillary space). However, direct monitoring of glucose diffusion inside the HFMBs is almost impossible because of their small size; thus, various computational modelling frameworks have been developed in the past. These models have defined that the glucose diffusivity in the cell culture medium used in the HFMBs was similar to the diffusivity in water. Similarly, other assumptions have been made that do not represent the nutrient transport processes in the HFMB accurately. In addressing these issues, a mathematical model is presented in this paper, where we employ experimentally deduced effective glucose diffusivities of tissue engineering membranes and scaffolds with and without cells along with glucose diffusivity in cell culture medium. The governing equations are non‐dimensionalized, simplified and solved numerically. The results demonstrate the roles of various dimensionless numbers (e.g., Péclet and Damköhler numbers) and non‐dimensional groups of variables on determining the glucose concentration especially in the scaffold region. The result of this study is expected to help optimize designs of HFMB as well as carry out more accurate scaling analyses.
Real‐time NMPC path tracker for autonomous vehicles
Authors: Farag Wael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis work proposes a framework to design, formulate and implement a path tracker for self‐driving cars (SDC) based on a nonlinear model‐predictive‐control (NMPC) approach. The presented methodology is developed to be used by designers in the industrial sector, practitioners, and academics. Therefore, it is straight forward, flexible, and comprehensive. It allows the designer to easily integrate multiple objective terms in the cost function either opposing or correlating. The proposed design of the controller not only targets accurate tracking but also comfortable ride and fast travel time by introducing several sub‐objective terms in the main cost function to satisfy these goals. These sub‐objective terms are weighted according to their contribution to the optimization problem. The SDC‐NMPC framework is developed using the high‐performance language C++ and utilizes highly optimized math and optimization libraries for best real‐time performance. This makes the SDC‐MPC well suited for use in both ADAS and self‐driving cars. Extensive simulation studies featuring complex tracks with many sharp turns have been carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed SDC‐NMPC at different speeds. The presented analysis shows that the proposed controller with its tuning technique outperforms that of the PID‐based controller.
Biotransformation and chiral resolution of d,l‐alanine into pyruvate and d‐alanine with a whole‐cell biocatalyst expressing l‐amino acid deaminase
Authors: Liu Ke , Gong Mengyue , Lv Xueqin , Li Jianghua , Du Guocheng , Liu Long 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPyruvate is an important pharmaceutical intermediate and is widely used in food, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals. However, high environmental pollution caused by chemical synthesis or complex separation process of microbial fermentation methods constrain the supply of pyruvate. Here, one‐step pyruvate and d‐alanine production from d,l‐alanine by whole‐cell biocatalysis was investigated. First, l‐amino acid deaminase (Pm1) from Proteus mirabilis was expressed in Escherichia coli, resulting in pyruvate titer of 12.01 g/L. Then, N‐terminal coding sequences were introduced to the 5′‐end of the pm1 gene to enhance the expression of Pm1 and the pyruvate titer increased to 15.13 g/L. Next, product utilization by the biocatalyst was prevented by knocking out the pyruvate uptake transporters (cstA, btsT) and the pyruvate metabolic pathway genes pps, poxB, pflB, ldhA, and aceEF using CRISPR/Cas9, yielding 30.88 g/L pyruvate titer. Finally, by optimizing the reaction conditions, the pyruvate titer was further enhanced to 43.50 g/L in 8 H with a 79.99% l‐alanine conversion rate; meanwhile, the resolution of d‐alanine reached 84.0%. This work developed a whole‐cell biocatalyst E. coli strain for high‐yield, high‐efficiency, and low‐pollution pyruvate and d‐alanine production, which has great potential for the commercial application in the future.
What Are the Health Risks of Eating Red Meat, and How Should We Assess Them?
Authors: Kurbel Sven 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses possible mechanisms that might lead to misinterpretations of collected data and makes new evidence‐based medicine (EBM) recommendations to oppose the previously accepted preventive measures, or treatment options. It is focused on the danger of the “red meat” consumption, and the question whether eating pungent food is good or bad for our health and finally whether the “bad luck” concept of getting several cancer types is valid or not. These three topics got and still have significant media attention. Several mechanisms are proposed as possible causes of these apparent conflicts. Some of them have already been recognized but sadly remained less known to medical readers and also to the general population. Also see the video abstract here https://youtu.be/owjoRXrNShA.
Phase 1 Studies to Define the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Profiles of the Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Apararenone in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Nakamura Tadakatsu , Kawaguchi Atsuhiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractApararenone is a long‐acting, nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of single‐ and multiple‐dose apararenone were assessed in 3 phase 1 randomized, double‐blind studies in 223 healthy adults. Study 1 assessed the PK, safety/tolerability, and PD of single‐dose apararenone (3.75–640 mg) and multiple‐dose apararenone (10–40 mg/day on days 1–14, 320 mg loading dose on day 1 + 10 mg/day on days 2–14, or 40–320 mg loading dose on day 1 + 2.5–20 mg/day on days 2–14) in Caucasian and Black men and women. Study 2 assessed the PK and safety of single‐dose apararenone (5–320 mg) in healthy Japanese men. Study 3 assessed the PK, PD, and safety/tolerability of single‐dose apararenone (160 or 640 mg) or eplerenone (200 mg; only for 160 mg of apararenone), each after fludrocortisone challenge in Caucasian men. In studies 1 and 2, an approximately dose‐proportional increase was observed in PK parameters over the apararenone dose range of 3.75–40 mg; at higher doses, a less than dose‐proportional increase was observed. Food, sex, age, and race had no apparent effect on apararenone PK. A long half‐life was seen for apararenone and its principal metabolite; in addition, the exposure of the metabolite was lower than that of apararenone. Apararenone suppressed the decrease in urinary sodium and potassium ion ratio that occurs after loading with fludrocortisone. These studies support the mechanism of action of apararenone as an MRA, and further clinical development is warranted.
Relationship conflict in construction: A literature review
Authors: Vaux James S. , Dority Bree 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe construction industry is recognized for its adversarial culture and frequency of conflict. Previous relationship conflict research has not been collectively summarized or categorized nor have the remaining gaps been identified. This literature review examines common themes and salient issues that emerge from the included studies and provides key insights that include the identification of sources, consequences, and mitigating factors of relationship conflict in the literature. Recommendations are made for the use of these findings to reduce the causes of relationship conflict in the construction industry, lower the negative impact on project performance, and foster efforts to mitigate relationship conflict.
Reverse Semi‐Combustion Driven by Titanium Dioxide‐Ionic Liquid Hybrid Photocatalyst
Authors: Qadir Muhammad I. , Zanatta Marcileia , Pinto Jose , Vicente Isabel , Gual Aitor , Smith Emily F. , Neto Brenno A. D. , de Souza Paulo E. N. , Khan Sherdil , Dupont Jairton , Alves Fernandes Jesum 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnprecedented metal‐free photocatalytic CO2 conversion to CO (up to 228±48 μmol g−1 h−1) was displayed by TiO2@IL hybrid photocatalysts prepared by simple impregnation of commercially available P25‐titanium dioxide with imidazolium‐based ionic liquids (ILs). The high activity of TiO2@IL hybrid photocatalysts was mainly associated to (i) TiO2@IL red shift compared to the pure TiO2 absorption, and thus a modification of the TiO2 surface electronic structure; (ii) TiO2 with IL bearing imidazolate anions lowered the CO2 activation energy barrier. The reaction mechanism was postulated to occur via CO2 photoreduction to formate species by the imidazole/imidazole radical redox pair, yielding CO and water.
A novel combined animal tissue model for freehand and ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration biopsy and smear preparation techniques training
Authors: Kebe Radulović Maja , Vivoda Tomšič Martina , Cimerman Damjana , Gutnik Helena , Strojan Fležar Margareta 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveA variety of models are used for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and smear preparation techniques training: human, animal and silicon models or combined models. We present fresh animal tissues as models for freehand and ultrasound (US)‐guided FNAB technique training, enabling an integrated approach from tumour detection to smear evaluation.MethodsWe introduced a novel combined animal tissue model using dietary animal meat with covering skin as a substrate. Animal liver tissue of various sizes, representing tumour, was inserted into the various layers of the substrate (subcutaneous fat, muscle tissue, proximity of bone). Freehand and US‐guided FNAB smear preparation, including fixation, was then performed and assessed.ResultsThe use of a combined animal tissue model for 6 freehand and 3 US‐guided FNAB sessions showed a statistically significant improvement in the US‐guided FNAB retrieval of liver tissue (Fisher's exact test, p =  .0216), in smear preparation technique reflected in a decrease in the number of too thick smears after freehand FNAB (Fisher's exact test, p  =  .0070), in the overall number of smears satisfactory for evaluation by US‐guided FNAB (Fisher's exact test, p =  .0206) and in the number of flawless smears obtained in the freehand FNAB training sessions (Fisher's exact test, p =  .0020).ConclusionsA unique advantage of the presented model encompassing various layers of animal tissues with covering skin, offers an integrated approach for FNAB training from “tumour” detection, puncture precision, to smear preparation and cytological evaluation for a wider audience and does not compromise patient safety.
Xanthogranulomatous change in a pleomorphic adenoma: An extremely rare variant/degenerative change. Is it fine needle aspiration induced?
Authors: Pujani Mukta , Sidam Dipti , Singh Kanika , Khandelwal Aparna , Katarya Khushbu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor characterized by morphological diversity, metaplastic changes, degeneration, cystic change, altered differentiation, and rarely malignant transformation, thereby may create a diagnostic dilemma on cytology. Xanthogranulomatous (XG) inflammation within a PA could be due to XG sialadenitis coexistent with PA or preoperative fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) induced histologic alteration. The argument in favor of this hypothesis is that the changes seen in the histopathology would not be present in the cytology, implying that the alterations were most likely due to the traumatic injury of needling rather than spontaneous change of the lesions themselves. These FNAC induced changes are focal in most of the cases, so the underlying lesion is readily identifiable, but on rare occasions they are so extensive that it can masquerade as a malignancy. We report a case of XG change in a PA in a 39‐year‐old male of 8 years standing. Through this case we wish to emphasize that knowledge of a previous FNAC and its potential effects on histology of the subsequent surgical specimen is necessary to avoid potential misdiagnosis.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zr‐Amino Terephthalate and its Composite with MWCNTs as a Novel Electrode Material in Nitrite Quantification
Authors: Suma B. P. , Pandurangappa M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA simple and greener electrochemical sensing platform towards nitrite measurement using amine modified Zr‐terephthalate and MWCNTs has been demonstrated. The characterization of the composite material has been carried out using spectroscopic and voltammetric techniques. The composite material overcomes the inherent drawbacks of MOFs like lower conductivity and stability in aqueous medium. The MWCNTs/Zr−ATA composite modified electrode showed better electrocatalytic activity in nitrite quantification with good linearity in the concentration range 2–440 μM with detection limit 0.22 μM and sensitivity of 0.657 μA μM−1 cm−2. The fabricated electrode has been applied to quantify nitrite from root nodule samples.
An Electrochemical Sensing Platform Based on Graphene Oxide and Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Modified Electrode for Selective Detection of Amoxicillin
Authors: Güney Sevgi , Arslan Taner , Yanık Serhat , Güney Orhan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn electrochemical sensing platform based on composite material, consisting of molecularly imprinted polymer coated on graphene oxide (MIP‐GO), was developed for selective and sensitive analysis of amoxicillin (AMOX). TheMIP‐GOcomposite, which was fabricated by sol‐gel polymerization after removal of template molecule, was deposited as a thin film on glassy carbon electrode, and then was electrochemically characterized by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The linear response for the determination ofAMOXwas obtained in the concentration range from 5.0×10−10to 9.1×10−7 M under the most proper conditions and the detection limit was found to be 2.94×10−10 M.
Damping spectra for estimating inelastic deformations from modal response spectrum analysis
Authors: Sucuoğlu Halûk , Alıcı Fırat Soner 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe focus of this study is estimating inelastic deformations of building frames by conducting response spectrum analysis. Damping spectra (Rμ–ξ–T spectra) are derived first for SDOF systems defined with their initial period or initial stiffness, in order to attain equal maximum displacements of the companion inelastic systems. Mean spectral relations and their standard deviations are calculated for 566 horizontal pairs of near‐fault ground motions. They are further classified with respect to ductility reduction factor Rμ as well as the earthquake magnitude and soil type, which are found to have notable influence on the effect of damping in reducing maximum displacement. Optimal damping scaling factors are then calculated for converting the standard 5% damped linear elastic spectra to inelastic spectra. Finally, maximum deformations of MDOF building frames are estimated by using the optimal spectral factors through mode superposition analysis. The results are compared with the results obtained from nonlinear response history analysis under different sets of strong ground motions. Mean inelastic deformations are predicted with reasonable accuracy with the proposed procedure. Hence, damping spectra furnishing optimal damping ratios are suggested as a practical tool for assessing the seismic performance of newly designed, code conforming structures.
The design of plane earthwork structures on pile foundations
Authors: Klobe Berthold 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA newly developed design concept for plane earthwork structures on pile foundations is presented. This design concept is based on a complex mathematical background that has been derived using fundamental mechanical principles. The mechanical system comprises the arching effect in a plane earthwork structure on punctual supports. It incorporates the effect of an elastic membrane that is formed by orthogonal ribs of geogrids, the modulus of subgrade reaction between the piles and the elastic settling of the piles. Some practical design examples are shown. The important aspects of the analysis and the design are pointed out. The complete mathematical background and a comprehensive design tool for free use have been prepared and are provided through a download link: https://gft‐pes.blogspot.com.
Resting theta activity is associated with specific coding levels in event‐related theta activity during conflict monitoring
Authors: Pscherer Charlotte , Bluschke Annet , Prochnow Astrid , Eggert Elena , Mückschel Moritz , Beste Christian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBrain electrical activity in the theta frequency band is essential for cognitive control (e.g., during conflict monitoring), but is also evident in the resting state. The link between resting state theta activity and its relevance for theta‐related neural mechanisms during cognitive control is still undetermined. Yet, theoretical considerations suggest that there may be a connection. To examine the link between resting state theta activity and conflict‐related theta activity, we combined temporal EEG signal decomposition methods with time‐frequency decomposition and beamforming methods in N = 86 healthy participants. Results indicate that resting state theta activity is closely associated with the strength of conflict‐related neural activity at the level of ERPs and total theta power (consisting of phase‐locked and nonphase‐locked aspects of theta activity). The data reveal that resting state theta activity is related to a specific aspect of conflict‐related theta activity, mainly in superior frontal regions and in the supplemental motor area (SMA, BA6) in particular. The signal decomposition showed that only stimulus‐related, but not motor‐response‐related coding levels in the EEG signal and the event‐related total theta activity were associated with resting theta activity. This specificity of effects may explain why the association between resting state theta activity and overt conflict monitoring performance may not be as strong as often assumed. The results suggest that resting state theta activity is particularly important to consider for input integration processes during cognitive control.