bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic indicators of new onset atrial fibrillation in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Zhang Hengliang , Dong Pingshuan , Yang Xvming , Du Laijing , Wang Ke , Yan Peng , Zhang Huifeng , Wang Tengfei , Zhao Xikun , Guo Tengfei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to estimate prognostic indicators of new onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) through 3 to 5 years of follow‐up.HypothesisFor patients with ACS, some prognostic indicators can be used to predict new onset AF.MethodsThe Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China‐ACS (CCC‐ACS) program was launched in 2014 by a collaborative initiative of the American Heart Association and Chinese Society of Cardiology. We enrolled 866 patients with ACS in a telephone follow‐up program. We inquired about each patient's general health and invited each patient to our hospital for further consultation. We also performed ambulatory electrocardiography and other relevant examinations.ResultsA total of 743 ACS patients were included in the study. After 3 to 5 years, 50 (0.67%) patients developed AF. In multivariable Cox models adjusting for AF risk factors in ACS patients, we found that NT‐proBNP [hazard ratio (HR) 2.625, 1.654‐4.166, P < .05], creatine kinase‐MB (CK‐MB) (HR 4.279, 1.887‐9.703, P < .05), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (HR 0.01, 0.001‐0.352, P < .05) were significantly associated with AF receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine a cutoff level for AF screening. NT‐proBNP using a cutoff of 1705 ng/L resulted in a sensitivity of 58% and a specificity of 89.8%. CK‐MB using a cutoff of 142.5 ng/L resulted in a sensitivity of 73.3% and a specificity of 58.3%.ConclusionFor patients with ACS, NT‐proBNP, CK‐MB, and LVEF have a considerable prognostic value for predicting whether AF would be detected during follow‐up.
Metabolic Labeling for the Visualization and Identification of Potentially O‐GlcNAc‐Modified Proteins
Authors: Pedowitz Nichole J. , Zaro Balyn W. , Pratt Matthew R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractO‐GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification involving the addition of the single monosaccharide N‐acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) onto serine and threonine residues of intracellular proteins. Though O‐GlcNAc is found on ∼1000 proteins in mammals, its specific function on individual substrates remains largely a mystery. To overcome this shortcoming, work has been put toward developing metabolic chemical reporters (MCRs) to label O‐GlcNAcylated proteins for subsequent biochemical analysis. Typically, these MCRs are GlcNAc or GalNAc analogs functionalized with azide or alkyne handles. These unnatural sugar moieties can be metabolically incorporated directly on to protein substrates. The protocols outlined in this article describe how to use MCRs as tools for visualizing and identifying potentially O‐GlcNAc modified proteins via in‐gel fluorescence, Western blotting, and mass spectrometry. Taken together, MCR labeling provides a powerful tool to discover where and when substrates are O‐GlcNAc modified. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Treatment of cells and CuAACBasic Protocol 2: In‐gel fluorescence of labeled cell lysates (1 mg scale)Basic Protocol 3: Enrichment of labeled proteins, trypsinolysis, and collection of peptides for proteomicsBasic Protocol 4: Proteomic identification of labeled proteins
Opinion leaders' detection in dynamic social networks
Authors: Oueslati Wided , Arrami SeifAllah , Dhouioui Zeineb , Massaabi Marwa 
Published: April 2020

SummarySocial media networks have revolutionized the way users interact and express their opinion. Obviously, identifying opinion leaders has a widespread applicability. For instance, by detecting leaders, companies can manipulate the public opinion. However, this task is challenging due to the complexity and the ceaseless change of the social networks structure. Yet, existing opinion leaders 'detection methods have essentially focused on static social graphs neglecting the temporal characteristics. Therefore, the necessity of identifying opinion leaders seems to be more and more crucial. In this context, we present a new approach for detecting opinion leaders based on analyzing online community interactions and dealing with the dynamic aspect of social networks. The experiments are performed on real data and the comparison of the proposed approach with commonly used approaches showed a good performance.
Reliable machine prognostic health management in the presence of missing data
Authors: Huang Yu , Tang Yufei , VanZwieten James , Liu Jianxun 
Published: April 2020

SummaryPrognostics and health management enables the prediction of future degradation and remaining useful life (RUL) for in‐service systems based on historical and contemporary data, showing promise for many practical applications. One major challenge for prognostics is the common occurrence of missing values in time‐series data, often caused by disruptions in sensor communication or hardware/software failures. Another major concern is that the sufficient prior knowledge of critical component degradation with a clear failure threshold is often not readily available in practice. These issues can significantly hinder the application of advanced signal and data analysis methods and consequently degrade the health management performance. In this article, we propose a novel data‐driven framework that is capable of providing accurate and reliable predictions of degradation and RUL. In this approach, one‐hot health state indicators are appended to the historical time series so that the model learns end‐of‐life automatically. A modified gate recurrent unit based variational autoencoder is employed in generative adversarial networks to model the temporal irregularity of the incomplete time series. Experiments on multivariate time‐series datasets collected from real‐world aeroengines verify that significant performance improvement can be achieved using the proposed model for robust long‐term prognostics.
Alkyl‐Alkyl Interactions in the Periphery of Supramolecular Entities: From the Evaluation of Weak Forces to Applications
Authors: Giese Michael , Albrecht Markus 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSupramolecular chemistry is based on weak intermolecular forces which nevertheless are of importance for chemical processes. In this report the relevance of alkyl‐alkyl interactions in supramolecular assemblies is discussed. We show how hierarchically formed helicates can be used to evaluate weak interactions of alkyl groups based on solvent‐supported London dispersion. In addition, the role of nano‐segregation of alkyl groups in the periphery of supramolecular assemblies is described, as well as how this can be used to improve the properties of liquid‐crystalline materials by controlling the alkyl‐chain‐mediated aggregation process.
Fullerene‐Based Interlayers for Breaking Energy Barriers in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Gu Ying , Liu Yao , Russell Thomas P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) are lightweight, flexible, and have easy solution processability, thus making them advantageous for large‐area device fabrication. The interlayer materials between the electrodes and organic active layer are vital elements for device fabrication. Recently, solution‐processable fullerene derivatives have been studied intensively as efficient electrode interlayer materials for solar cell applications. In this Minireview, we summarize recent advances using fullerene derivatives as interlayers in OSCs. The examples include fullerene interlayers from small molecules to polymers, and to organic composites or organic/inorganic hybrid materials. We focus on the comprehensive efforts in developing fullerene‐based interlayers and present the understanding of multiple functionalities of these materials as cathode interlayers in bulk hetero‐junction (BHJ) OSCs. Our motivation is to describe our current understanding, recent progress, and outstanding issues of fullerene interlayers in OSCs, and propose future potential directions and opportunities.
Cationic Surfactant‐Modified Covalent Organic Frameworks for Nitrate Removal from Aqueous Solution: Synthesis by Free‐Radical Polymerization
Authors: Ji Shi‐Lei , Qian Hai‐Long , Yang Cheng‐Xiong , Zhao Xu , Yan Xiu‐Ping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDevelopment of efficient adsorbents for nitrate removal is vital for tackling increasing nitrate contamination. We report a free‐radical polymerization strategy to prepare a cationic surfactant‐modified covalent organic framework (DhaTab‐S) for removing nitrate ions from aqueous solution. DhaTab‐S was prepared by grafting a cationic surfactant diallyldimethylammonium chloride solution on vinyl‐containing COF (DhaTab‐V). The adsorption capacity for nitrate was pH‐dependent with the maximum at pH 6, and the adsorption process was largely influenced by ionic strength. The adsorption equilibrium for nitrate on DhaTab‐S was reached within 40 minutes and followed pseudo‐second‐order kinetics. DhaTab‐S showed a nitrate adsorption capacity of 108.8 mg g−1, which is about 15 times that of COF before surfactant modification. The large adsorption capacity makes DhaTab‐S a promising candidate for nitrate removal from aqueous media.
Ambivalence in Psychotherapy Questionnaire: Development and validation studies
Authors: Oliveira João Tiago , Ribeiro António P. , Gonçalves Miguel M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractResearch emphasizes that individuals' engagement with change process is a significant predictor of therapeutic outcomes. Ambivalence is a natural phenomenon in change processes, but when individuals cannot overcome it, their problems may intensify. Ambivalence towards change, a client variable characterized by an intrapersonal conflict between two positions of the self, one in favour of change and another one in favour of the status quo, is shown to play a determinant role in psychotherapy. Despite its importance, few empirical studies have examined this process, and the considerable methodological differences among existing studies make it difficult to generalize results. Therefore, instruments measuring ambivalence in an effective way can help broaden the understanding of the process. First, we performed a content analysis of ambivalence events identified in psychotherapy sessions from previous studies using an observational coding system. The factor structure, reliability and validity of the measure were tested using 91 and confirmed with 223 psychotherapy clients at any time during the therapeutic process. A two‐factor structure was found, suggesting two components of Ambivalence—Demoralization and Wavering. The results indicated that the Ambivalence in Psychotherapy Questionnaire exhibits good psychometric properties, including good convergent and divergent validity. The implications are discussed.
Effect of corporate social responsibility scores on bank efficiency: The moderating role of institutional context
Authors: Forgione Antonio Fabio , Laguir Issam , Staglianò Raffaele 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper examines how corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects bank efficiency in a sample of large commercial banks across 22 countries over the 2013–2017 period. We used a one‐step model of stochastic frontier analysis for panel data to estimate bank profit efficiency and found that the greater the activities in the social and environmental dimensions of CSR, the lower the level of efficiency, whereas activities in the corporate governance dimension are generally not relevant. This result supports the relevance of agent perspectives for these firms. However, we also found that institutional context moderates this baseline result. Specifically, all CSR activities have a positive impact on bank efficiency in common law countries and countries where the effectiveness of stakeholder protection is high. This supports the view that contexts that favor firms' sustainable behavior also increase bank efficiency.
A probabilistic‐based approach for direction‐of‐arrival estimation and localization of multiple sources
Authors: Abdelbari Amr , Bilgehan Bülent 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThis article contributes to science at two points. The first contribution is at a point of introducing a novel direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) estimation method which based on subspaces methods called Probabilistic Estimation of Several Signals (PRESS). The PRESS method provides higher resolution and DOA accuracy than current models. Second contribution of the article is at a point of localizing the unknown signal source. The process of localization achieved by using DOA information for the first time. The importance of localization exists in a large area of engineering applications. The aim is to determine the location of multiple sources by using PRESS with minimum effort of computation. We used the maximum probabilistic process in this study. Initially, all the signals are collected by the array of sensors and accurately identified using the proposed algorithm. The receiver at the best in test estimates the source location using only the knowledge of the geographical latitude and longitude values of the array of sensors. Several test points with an accurately calculated angle of arrival enable us to draw linear lines towards the transmitter. The transmitter location can be accurately identified with the line of interceptions. Simulation and numerical results show the outstanding performance of both the DOA estimation method and transmitter localization approach compared with many classical and new DOA estimation methods. The PRESS localization method first tested at 19°, 26°, and 35° with an signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) value of ‐5 dB. The PRESS method produced results with an extremely low bias of 0 and 0.00080°. The simulation tests are repeated and produced results with zero bias, which give the exact location of the unknown source.
Alpha‐ and beta‐tubulin isotypes are differentially expressed during brain development
Authors: Hausrat Torben J. , Radwitz Jennifer , Lombino Franco L. , Breiden Petra , Kneussel Matthias 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlpha‐ and beta‐tubulin dimers polymerize into protofilaments that associate laterally to constitute a hollow tube, the microtubule. A dynamic network of interlinking filaments forms the microtubule cytoskeleton, which maintains the structure of cells and is key to various cellular processes including cell division, cell migration, and intracellular transport. Individual microtubules have an identity that depends on the differential integration of specific alpha‐ and beta‐tubulin isotypes and is further specified by a variety of posttranslational modifications (PTMs). It is barely understood to which extent neighboring microtubules differ in their tubulin composition or whether specific tubulin isotypes cluster along the polymer. Furthermore, our knowledge about the spatio‐temporal expression patterns of tubulin isotypes is limited, not at least due to the lack of antibodies or antibody cross‐reactivities. Here, we asked which alpha‐ and beta‐tubulin mRNAs and proteins are expressed in developing hippocampal neuron cultures and ex vivo brain tissue lysates. Using heterologous expression of GFP‐tubulin fusion proteins, we systematically tested antibody‐specificities against various tubulin isotypes. Our data provide quantitative information about tubulin expression levels in the mouse brain and classify tubulin isotypes during pre‐ and postnatal development.
Similar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and genotoxicity profiles of atmospheric particulate matter from cities on three different continents
Authors: Maselli Bianca S. , Cunha Virginia , Lim Hwanmi , Bergvall Christoffer , Westerholm Roger , Dreij Kristian , Watanabe Tetsushi , Cardoso Arnaldo A. , Pozza Simone A. , Umbuzeiro Gisela A. , Kummrow Fábio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe extractable organic material (EOM) from atmospheric total suspended particles (TSP) contains several organic compounds including non‐substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkyl‐PAHs, and nitro‐PAHs. These chemicals seem to be among the key drivers of TSP genotoxicity. We have shown previously that the mutagenic potencies of the EOM from Limeira, Stockholm, and Kyoto, cities with markedly different meteorological conditions and pollution sources are similar. Here we compare the profiles of non‐substituted PAHs (27 congeners), alkyl‐PAHs (15 congeners), and nitro‐PAHs (7 congeners) from the same EOM samples from these cities. We also compared the genotoxicity profiles using comet and micronucleus assays in human bronchial epithelial cells. The profiles of PAHs, as well as the cytotoxic and genotoxic potencies when expressed in EOM, were quite similar among the studied cities. It seems that despite the differences in meteorological conditions and pollution sources of the cities, removal, mixing, and different atmospheric transformation processes may be contributing to the similarity of the PAHs composition and genotoxicity profiles. More studies are required to verify if this would be a general rule applicable to other cities. Although these profiles were similar for all three cities, the EOM concentration in the atmospheres is markedly different. Thus, the population of Limeira (∼10‐fold more EOM/m3 than Stockholm and ∼6‐fold more than Kyoto) is exposed to higher concentrations of genotoxic pollutants, and Kyoto's population is 1.5‐fold more exposed than Stockholm's. Therefore, to reduce the risk of human exposure to TSP genotoxins, the volume of emissions needs to be reduced.
Significance of boulder shape, shoreline configuration and pre‐transport setting for the transport of boulders by tsunamis
Authors: Oetjen Jan , Engel Max , Pudasaini Shiva P. , Schuettrumpf Holger 
Published: April 2020

AbstractResearch on tsunami‐induced coarse‐clast transport is a field of rising interest since such deposits have been identified as useful proxies for extreme‐wave events (tsunamis, storm waves) that provide crucial information for coastal hazard assessment. Physical experiments are, beside in‐situ observations, the foundation of our understanding of how boulders are transported by tsunamis and provide clues to the development of empirical equations and numerical models describing the processes and fundamental mechanics. Nevertheless, investigating tsunami‐induced boulder transport is a comparatively young discipline and only a few experimental studies focusing on this topic have been published so far. To improve the knowledge on nearshore tsunami hydrodynamics, physical experiments utilizing real‐world boulder shapes have been carried out simulating three different shore types in a wave flume. Crucial insights were gained into boulder transport hydrodynamics and data resulting from the experiments were analysed in an empirical, statistical, quantitative and qualitative manner. The regular cuboid boulder – one of the specific shapes used in the experiments – showed the longest transport distances compared to a complex, natural boulder and a flat cuboid boulder, but also significant fluctuations regarding the total transport distance. The experiments indicate a strong influence of the shore shape on boulder transport behaviour. Experimental setups of increased mean transport distances also led to a higher spreading of results. This spreading was further amplified between the idealized‐shaped cuboid and the complex‐shaped boulder, which is associated with a lower drag coefficient. Due to the highly sensitive boulder reaction to divergent experimental setups, the need to recognize boundary conditions overcoming commonly considered parameters (e.g. roughness or Flatness Index) in field studies and numerical models is underlined. Beside the strong influence of initial boulder submergence and alignment, both the boulder shape and shore type influence the boulder transport pattern, increasing the total transport distance by more than 350% in some cases. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Privacy‐preserving multisource transfer learning in intrusion detection system
Authors: Xu Mengfan , Li Xinghua , Wang Yunwei , Luo Bin , Guo Jingjing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe increasing scale of the network and the demand for data privacy‐preserving have brought several challenges for existing intrusion detection schemes, which presents three issues: large computational overhead, long training period, and different feature distribution which leads low model performance. The emergence of transfer learning has solved the above problems. However, the existing transfer learning‐based schemes can only operate in plaintext when different domains and clouds are untrusted entities, the privacy during data processing cannot be preserved. Therefore, this paper designs a privacy‐preserving multi‐source transfer learning intrusion detection system (IDS). Firstly, we used the Paillier homomorphic to encrypt models which trained from different source domains and uploaded to the cloud. Then, based on privacy‐preserving scheme, we first proposed a multisource transfer learning IDS based on encrypted XGBoost (E‐XGBoost). The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can successfully transfer the encryption models from multiple source domains to the target domain, and the accuracy rate can reach 93.01% in ciphertext, with no significant decrease in detection performance compared with works in plaintext. The training time of the model is significantly reduced from the traditional hour‐level to the minute‐level.
A proper orthogonal decomposition variational multiscale meshless interpolating element‐free Galerkin method for incompressible magnetohydrodynamics flow
Authors: Abbaszadeh Mostafa , Dehghan Mehdi , Navon Ionel Michael 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn the recent decade, the meshless methods have been handled for solving most of PDEs due to easiness of the meshless methods. One of the popular meshless methods is the element‐free Galerkin (EFG) method that was first proposed for solving some problems in the solid mechanics. The test and trial functions of the EFG are based on the special basis. Recently, some modifications have been developed to improve the EFG method. One of these improvements is the variational multiscale EFG procedure. In the current article, the shape functions of interpolation moving least squares approximation have been applied to the variational multiscale EFG technique for solving the incompressible magnetohydrodynamics flow. In order to reduce the elapsed CPU time of simulation, we employ a reduced‐order model based on the proper orthogonal decomposition technique. The current combination can be referred to as the reduced‐order variational multiscale EFG technique. To illustrate the reduction in CPU time used as well as the efficiency of the proposed method, we applied it for the two‐dimensional cases.