bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of self‐concept clarity on advice seeking and utilisation
Authors: Duan Jinyun , Xu Yue , Van Swol Lyn M. 
Published: October 2020

Decision‐makers often fail to seek or utilise advice. This study examined how the extent to which individuals perceive that they know themselves influences advice seeking and taking. Drawing from uncertainty‐identification theory, the heuristic‐systematic model, and insights from the literature on advice, we asked participants (n = 313) to rate their self‐concept clarity, and then 4 weeks later rate their confidence and completed decision scenarios in which they indicated their desire to seek out and take advice (71.6% female, M age = 20.52 years, SD = 1.50). Decision‐makers with an unclear self‐concept were more likely to seek and take advice from others, and this effect was mediated by low confidence. In addition, involvement with the decision context positively moderated the negative influence of self‐concept clarity on advice seeking and taking. That is, decision‐makers with a more unclear self‐concept sought and accepted more advice, and the effect was weaker in high‐involvement contexts. Results are explained in terms of need for information processing and sufficiency threshold within the heuristic‐systematic model.
New Municipalism and the State: Remunicipalising Energy in Barcelona, from Prosaics to Process
Authors: Angel James 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBertie Russell’s 2019 Antipode paper documents the emergence of a “new municipalist” movement, which approaches the city as a strategic entry point for a radically democratic politics. Given this movement’s aspirations towards the transformation of the municipal state, how might state theory inform research and practice on new municipalism going forward? This is the question with which Russell concludes his paper and the question taken up here. The paper focuses on municipalist initiative Barcelona En Comú’s endeavours towards the remunicipalisation of energy, and the ways in which the radical vision underpinning this has been frustrated. Putting these experiences into conversation with the theoretical work of Gill Hart, I develop an “open dialectical” account of the state, which understands the processes that constitute the state as articulated through the contingent mediations of “prosaic” practices. This state theory, I argue, sheds new light on the possibilities and frustrations facing new municipalist movements.
How Does the Understanding, Experience, and Enactment of Self‐Regulation Behaviour Change Techniques Vary with Age? A Thematic Analysis
Authors: French David P. , Banafa Rehab , Williams Stefanie , Taylor Claire , Brown Laura J.E. 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundSelf‐regulatory behaviour change techniques (BCTs) appear less effective in promoting physical activity amongst older than younger adults. This study aimed to identify reasons for this by examining how participants of different ages understand, experience, and use these BCTs.MethodsTwelve participants (aged 39–75) in a walking intervention study were interviewed twice: immediately post‐intervention and 3 months later to examine understanding and enactment of self‐regulation BCTs. Thematic analysis was used, organised using the framework approach.ResultsParticipants acknowledged the importance of setting realistic goals and found pedometers useful. In older adults, the use of goal setting was influenced by previous experience in work settings of this BCT. Occupational status appeared to influence the participants' responses to action planning, irrespective of age, with retired participants preferring not to restrict themselves to specific times. Self‐monitoring with diaries appeared to be more useful in assisting the memory of older adults. For most BCTs, differences in understanding and enactment were apparent according to participant age.ConclusionsProblems with using self‐regulation BCTs were apparent, which appeared more common with older adults. Occupational status, cognitive status, or a perceived lack of value of physical activity or of some BCTs are all promising explanations that warrant further investigation.
Combined thoraco‐laparoscopic surgery for neonatal alimentary tract duplication
Authors: Liao Jianyi , Wu Bin , Li Xin , Ran Xudong , Shen Weijia , Yuan Hongliang , Huang Hongjuan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTransdiaphragmatic duplication of digestive tract in infants is very rare. Open surgery is the main surgical treatment. We report the clinical data of a child with gastrointestinal duplication across the diaphragm who underwent thoraco‐laparoscopic surgery at 12 days were retrospectively analyzed, and to explore the experience of thoraco‐laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of alimentary tract duplication across the diaphragm in children, we believe minimally invasive surgical resection using thoracolaparoscopy is safe, effective and clinically feasible, focusing on the skilled use of the technique to achieve the ideal surgical effect and appearance.
Best served deep: The seedbank from salvaged topsoil underscores the role of the dispersal filter in restoration practice
Authors: Waryszak Paweł , Standish Rachel J. , Ladd Philip G. , Enright Neal J. , Brundrett Mark , Fontaine Joseph B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractQuestionsGlobally, ecological restoration is required to restore degraded landscapes and to contribute to biodiversity conservation. Ecological theory suggests that manipulating dispersal, abiotic and biotic filters limiting plant re‐establishment will improve restoration outcomes. Here, we manipulated spread depth of soil containing a salvaged soil seedbank (dispersal filter), soil compaction (abiotic filter) and herbivore grazing (biotic filter) in a topsoil transfer experiment to test their effects on restoration success.LocationBanksiawoodland of the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia.MethodsTopsoil (upper ~7 cm) with its seedbank was removed from a donor site (20 ha) of recently cleared native vegetation and transferred to six recipient restoration sites (16 ha). Deep (10 cm thick) and shallow (5 cm thick) layers of topsoil were applied in a fully factorial experiment, with and without soil ripping and fencing, respectively. We analysed emergence, survival and functional types (alien/native, life form, fire response) of all vascular plant species for two consecutive years after topsoil transfer.ResultsThe most successful restoration treatment was deep topsoil with a mean density of 14.3 m−2native perennial germinants in year one and 7.3 m−2in year two. Application of deep topsoil increased native seedling emergence by 34% and decreased weed density by 21% compared with shallow topsoil. Overall seedling survival across the two‐year period was unaffected by filter treatments (range 0.6%–5%). After two years, the resulting plant community was 6%–38% weed species and of native perennial species, 12%–48% were capable of resprouting.ConclusionsManipulation of the dispersal filter alone, that is deep topsoil application, can lead to near‐equivalent native species number emerging on restoration sites as compared to pre‐cleared woodland. However, more research is required to test additional restoration tools to improve survival of biodiverse plant communities. For example, targeted herbicide application coupled with soil ripping to improve weed management and native seedling establishment.
Rethinking ‘need’ for clinical support in transgender and gender non‐conforming children without clinical classification: Learning from ‘the paper I almost wrote’
Authors: Horowicz Edmund 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere have been ongoing debates as to how, or even whether, we should clinically classify gender diversity in children through clinical classification manuals. So‐called ‘depathologizing’ is argued as being vital to address the stigma that these children are somehow disordered or sick. Yet one argument in favour of continued clinical classification for transgender and gender non‐conforming children is that it better facilitates access to specialist psychological support. I argue that whilst continued clinical classification offers a seemingly pragmatic solution to ensuring access, it does in fact obscure our understanding of the individual needs of these children. In this paper I address fundamental issues that aim to better our understanding of need and thus why a child may benefit from specialist support. I do so by critiquing a paper I nearly wrote, which argued for the ongoing continued classification of gender incongruence in children. Ultimately, I argue that specialist psychological support and care should be driven by the needs of the individual child, as determined by the child and those involved with their care. By bettering our understanding as to why specialist psychological support may be beneficial for some, we move past the focus of such specialist support being provided because of the child’s gender diversity. Methodologically the paper may be unusual, in comparison to traditional normative counter‐argumentative bioethical position papers, but by presenting an argument for depathologization of gender diversity of children in this way there is also an alternative insight into the methods of bioethics.
Canopy structure and forest understory conditions in a wet Amazonian forest—No change over the last 20 years
Authors: Nabe‐Nielsen Jacob , Valencia Renato 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClimate change is altering forest dynamics in the tropics, with large potential impacts on forest structure and understory conditions. However, we found that canopy height distribution and openness remained stable over two decades in the western Amazon, and that gap creation rates would need to increase 300% before affecting equilibrium.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material
FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) amplification in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Hasegawa Hiroko , Taniguchi Hiroya , Nakamura Yoshiaki , Kato Takeshi , Fujii Satoshi , Ebi Hiromichi , Shiozawa Manabu , Yuki Satoshi , Masuishi Toshiki , Kato Ken , Izawa Naoki , Moriwaki Toshikazu , Oki Eiji , Kagawa Yoshinori , Denda Tadamichi , Nishina Tomohiro , Tsuji Akihito , Hara Hiroki , Esaki Taito , Nishida Tomohiro , Kawakami Hisato , Sakamoto Yasutoshi , Miki Izumi , Okamoto Wataru , Yamazaki Kentaro , Yoshino Takayuki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) plays a key role in hematopoiesis. However, the oncogenic role of FLT3 amplification in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains unclear. Here, we aimed to evaluate the characteristics, prognosis, and treatment efficacy of an FLT3 inhibitor (regorafenib) in patients with mCRC with FLT3 amplifications. Tumor tissue samples from 2329 patients were sequenced using NGS in the Nationwide Cancer Genome Screening Project in Japan. The effects of clinicopathological features, co‐altered genes, prognosis, and efficacy of regorafenib were investigated. Between April 2015 and June 2018, 85 patients with mCRC with FLT3 amplification were observed. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between patients with or without FLT3 amplification. The frequency of RAS or other gene co‐alterations was inversely correlated with the copy number status. Median survival time in patients with FLT3 amplification was significantly shorter compared with those with non‐FLT3 amplification. Further investigations of FLT3 amplification as a potential treatment target in mCRC are warranted.
Contrast Is in the Eye of the Beholder: Infelicitous Beat Gesture Increases Cognitive Load During Online Spoken Discourse Comprehension
Authors: Morett Laura M. , Roche Jennifer M. , Fraundorf Scott H. , McPartland James C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe investigated how two cues to contrast—beat gesture and contrastive pitch accenting—affect comprehenders' cognitive load during processing of spoken referring expressions. In two visual‐world experiments, we orthogonally manipulated the presence of these cues and their felicity, or fit, with the local (sentence‐level) referential context in critical referring expressions while comprehenders' task‐evoked pupillary responses (TEPRs) were examined. In Experiment 1, beat gesture and contrastive accenting always matched the referential context of filler referring expressions and were therefore relatively felicitous on the global (experiment) level, whereas in Experiment 2, beat gesture and contrastive accenting never fit the referential context of filler referring expressions and were therefore infelicitous on the global level. The results revealed that both beat gesture and contrastive accenting increased comprehenders' cognitive load. For beat gesture, this increase in cognitive load was driven by both local and global infelicity. For contrastive accenting, this increase in cognitive load was unaffected when cues were globally felicitous but exacerbated when cues were globally infelicitous. Together, these results suggest that comprehenders' cognitive resources are taxed by processing infelicitous use of beat gesture and contrastive accenting to convey contrast on both the local and global levels.
Time in range: A best practice guide for UK diabetes healthcare professionals in the context of the COVID‐19 global pandemic
Authors: Wilmot E. G. , Lumb A. , Hammond P. , Murphy H. R. , Scott E. , Gibb F. W. , Platts J. , Choudhary P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe emergence of continuous glucose monitoring has driven improvements in glycaemic control and quality of life for people with diabetes. Recent changes in access to continuous glucose monitoring systems within UK health services have increased the number of people able to benefit from these technologies. The COVID‐19 pandemic has created an opportunity for diabetes healthcare professionals to use continuous glucose monitoring technology to remotely deliver diabetes services to support people with diabetes. This opportunity can be maximized with improved application and interpretation of continuous glucose monitoring‐generated data. Amongst the diverse measures of glycaemic control, time in range is considered to be of high value in routine clinical care because it is actionable and is visibly responsive to changes in diabetes management. Importantly, it is also been linked to the risk of developing complications associated with diabetes and can be understood by people with diabetes and healthcare professionals alike. The 2019 International Consensus on Time in Range has established a series of target glucose ranges and recommendations for time spent within these ranges that is consistent with optimal glycaemic control. The recommendations cover people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with separate targets indicated for elderly people or those at higher risk from hypoglycaemia, as well as for women with type 1 diabetes during pregnancy. The aim of this best practice guide was to clarify the intent and purpose of these international consensus recommendations and to provide practical insights into their implementation in UK diabetes care.
An ethics of temptation: Schelling's contribution to the freedom controversy
Authors: Smith Daniel J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the period following the publication of Kant's Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals and Critique of Practical Reason, there was a wide‐ranging debate in German philosophy about the concept of freedom. It drew in not only Kant and the so‐called “popular philosophers” of his generation, but also many of those who would go on to be the leading lights of post‐Kantian idealism, including Reinhold, Fichte, and Schelling. Building on recent scholarship that brings Fichte's ethics into contemporary discussions of this freedom controversy, this article introduces Schelling's contribution, found in the seventh installment of his “General Overview of the Most Recent Philosophical Literature.” This article first reconstructs the conflict between Kant and Reinhold as Schelling understood it, which forms the background to this text. Then, it outlines the original position he stakes out in this debate, which is termed an “ethics of temptation.”
Effect of contact stress on fretting fatigue behaviour of 35CrMoA steel under multiaxial nonproportional paths
Authors: Zhou Zhiqiang , Liu Xiaoshan , He Guoqiu , Ge Bin , Le Peiwen , Li Jingquan , Pan Jiaqi , Yang Yang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFretting fatigue often occurs in contact couples subjected to both bulk oscillatory loads and normal loads, which accelerates the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks. This study explores the multiaxial fretting fatigue behaviour of 35CrMoA steel with different contact stresses under diamond and square loading paths by experimental methods. From experimental results, the fracture mechanisms with the increase of contact stress have been summarized by combining the analysis of macrorupture and microrupture surface. The strain response behaviour, characteristics of fretting region and crack propagation direction are also analysed and concluded considering the influence of loading path and contact stress in this paper, which have been rarely mentioned in the previous literature. In addition, debris composition of stick and slip regions is investigated as well.
A comparative whole genome analysis of Helicobacter pylori from a human dense South Asian setting
Authors: Qumar Shamsul , Nguyen Trang Hoa , Nahar Shamsun , Sarker Nishat , Baker Stephen , Bulach Dieter , Ahmed Niyaz , Rahman Motiur 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHelicobacter pylori, a Gram‐negative bacterium, is associated with a wide range of gastric diseases such as gastritis, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. The prevalence of H pylori and risk of disease vary in different parts of the world based on the prevailing bacterial lineage. Here, we present a contextual and comparative genomics analysis of 20 clinical isolates of H pylori from patients in Bangladesh. Despite a uniform host ethnicity (Bengali), isolates were classified as being part of the HpAsia2 (50%) or HpEurope (50%) population. Out of twenty isolates, eighteen isolates were cagA positive, with two HpEurope isolates being cagA negative, three EPIYA motif patterns (AB, AB‐C, and ABC‐C) were observed among the cagA‐positive isolates. Three vacA genotypes were observed with the s1m1i1dic1 genotype observed in 75% of isolates; the s1m2i1d1c2 and s2m2i2d2c2 genotypes were found to be 15% and 10% of isolates, respectively. The non‐virulent genotypes s2m2i2d2c2 was only observed in HpEurope population isolates. Genotypic analysis of oipA gene, present in all isolates, revealed five different patterns of the CT repeat; all HpAsia2 isolates were in “ON” while 20% of HpEurope isolates were genotypically “OFF.” The three blood group antigen binding adhesins encoded genes (bab genes) examined and we observed that the most common genotype was (babA/babB/‐) found in eight isolates, notably six were HpAsia2 isolates. The babA gene was found in all HpAsia2 isolates but present in only half of the HpEurope isolates. In silico antibiotic susceptibility analysis revealed that 40% of the strains were multi‐drug resistant. Mutations associated with resistance to metronidazole, fluoroquinolone, and clarithromycin were detected 90%, 45%, and 5%, respectively, in H pylori strain. In conclusion, it is evident that two populations of H pylori with similar antibiotic profiles are predominant in Bangladesh, and it appears that genotypically the HpAisa2 isolates are potentially more virulent than the HpEurope isolates.
Ror β expression in activated macrophages and dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Gopinath V. K. , Soumya S. , Mohammad M. G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the expression of Retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor beta (Ror β) in human inflamed dental pulp stem cells (hI‐DPSCs) and during macrophage phenotypic conversion.MethodologyCommercially procured THP‐1 monocytes conversion to macrophages was judged by their morphology, the percentage of adherent cells and the expression of CD‐14 surface marker. THP‐1 macrophage cell viability following LPS, IFN‐γ/IL‐4, IL‐13 stimulus was evaluated at 24 and 48h. The phenotypic conversion of macrophages to M1 and M2 was confirmed by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Cytokine release following polarization was estimated by the BD cytokine flex kit. The expression of Ror β in THP‐1 macrophages and hI‐DPSCs following LPS, IFN‐γ/IL‐4, IL‐13 stimulus was assessed by Western blot analysis. Statistical significance was analysed using one‐way Anova followed by Tukey’s Post hoc test.ResultsTHP‐1 monocytes pretreated with PMA (100 ng mL−1) for 48 h followed by culturing in PMA‐free media for another 48 h yielded cells with morphological characteristics similar to macrophages with a high percentage of adherence capability and CD‐14 expression. Macrophages treated with LPS 100 ng mL−1 and IFN‐γ 20 ng mL−1 or IL‐4 20 ng mL−1 had high expression of the respective M1 and M2 CD markers in flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. Cytokine release studies demonstrated the expression of IL‐1β, TNF‐α and IL‐10 in the M1‐polarized macrophages (P < 0.01), whilst TGF‐ β levels were seen in the M1 and M2‐polarized macrophages. Ror β expression was upregulated when macrophages and hI‐DPSCs were treated with anti‐inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionRor β was expressed in THP‐1 macrophages and hI‐DPSCs during their resting stage. Upregulated expression of Ror β occurred following an anti‐inflammatory stimulus.
Publication trends in micro‐CT endodontic research: a bibliometric analysis over a 25‐year period
Authors: Aksoy U. , Küçük M. , Versiani M. A. , Orhan K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo conduct a bibliographic analysis of the research studies published in Endodontics using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) as an analytical tool over a 25‐year period.MethodologyThe Web of Science electronic database was accessed, and an advanced search using strict criteria was undertaken from January 1995 to June 2020 for studies in the field of Endodontics that used micro‐CT as an analytical tool. A further search was conducted between January and August of 2020 for a combination of specific terms and descriptors. For each selected article, the following parameters were recorded: field of the study, analysed specimen, publication title and year, authorship, journal of publication, institution and country of origin, collaborating institutions and countries, and number of citations. The acquired data were analysed using descriptive statistics and graphical mappings.ResultsThe screening process identified 877 relevant articles that were classified into 30 thematic categories. The main fields of research were root canal preparation (23.8%), root canal anatomy (17.4%), canal filling (9.2%) and root canal retreatment (7.0%). The most productive half‐decade comprised the period of 2015–2019 (n = 513; 58.5%), with the highest number of articles published in 2019 (n = 146; 16.6%). The authors who lead the list as first authors were G De‐Deus, A Keleş, F Paqué, MA Versiani and Y Gu, respectively, whilst Versiani was the most productive (n = 51). The leading countries regarding the number of studies were Brazil, China and Turkey with 236, 130 and 65 publications, respectively. The University of São Paulo (n = 90; 10.3%) followed by Wuhan University (n = 37; 4.2%) and the University of Zurich (n = 18; 2.1%) were the prominent contributors by producing the largest number of articles, whilst the University of Zurich was the most‐cited institution. The selected studies were published in 140 scientific journals, but the Journal of Endodontics and International Endodontic Journal accounted for almost 50% of the publications.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis portrayed an original and comprehensive view on the progress and trends of the use of micro‐CT technology in endodontic research, and enabled a deep understanding of the development process in this field over the last 25 years.