bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das Instandsetzungsprinzip W‐Cl
Authors: Mayer Till Felix , Dauberschmidt Christoph , Bruns Michael , Eichler Thorsten , Wiens Udo , Mietz Jürgen , Gehlen Christoph , Ebell Gino , Gerhard Gregor , Osterminski Kai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWährend das Instandsetzungsprinzip W bei carbonatisierungsinduzierter Korrosion seit vielen Jahren als Standardverfahren etabliert ist, wird seine Anwendbarkeit bei chloridinduzierter Korrosion (W‐Cl) in der Fachwelt bis heute kontrovers diskutiert. Zwar ergeben sich aus seiner Anwendung gegenüber anderen Instandsetzungsverfahren auf den ersten Blick u. U. deutliche wirtschaftliche Vorteile, allerdings besteht bei diesem Verfahren ein deutlich höheres Risiko, dass das Instandsetzungsziel nicht erreicht wird.Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die technischen Grundlagen des Instandsetzungsprinzips W‐Cl sowie der aktuelle Kenntnisstand – sowohl für den gerissenen als auch für den ungerissenen Beton – dargestellt und baurechtliche Konsequenzen, die sich aus dem erhöhten Ausführungsrisiko ergeben, diskutiert. Korrosionsmonitoring als Element zum Nachweis des Instandsetzungserfolgs bei Anwendung des Prinzips W‐Cl wird vorgestellt. Anhand von Anwendungsbeispielen werden sowohl die Risiken, die mit dem Verfahren verbunden sind, als auch das Potenzial bei erfolgreicher Anwendung veranschaulicht.
Motivation und Fokus der Digitalisierung
Authors: Harwell Ambrosius 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDer folgende Beitrag beleuchtet die Hintergründe und Motivationen für die Digitalisierung der Bauindustrie. Zunächst wird beschrieben, warum sich ein Bauunternehmen digitalisiert und was Digitalisierung aus Sicht des Autors bedeutet. Es folgt die Erläuterung, wie sich Bauunternehmen digitalisieren und worauf hierbei der Fokus liegt. Beispielhaft werden die Entwicklungen und Aufgaben der Abteilung BIM 5D der Strabag SE aufgezeigt. Zentrale Punkte sind hier die Planung und das Bauen mit der Building‐Information‐Modelling(BIM)‐Methode und die Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung bei der Implementierung in Produktion und Betrieb.
Progressive hypoxia‐on‐a‐chip: An in vitro oxygen gradient model for capturing the effects of hypoxia on primary hepatocytes in health and disease
Authors: Kang Young Bok (Abraham) , Eo Jinsu , Bulutoglu Beyza , Yarmush Martin L. , Usta O. Berk 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOxygen is vital to the function of all tissues including the liver and lack of oxygen, that is, hypoxia can result in both acute and chronic injuries to the liver in vivo and ex vivo. Furthermore, a permanent oxygen gradient is naturally present along the liver sinusoid, which plays a role in the metabolic zonation and the pathophysiology of liver diseases. Accordingly, here, we introduce an in vitro microfluidic platform capable of actively creating a series of oxygen concentrations on a single continuous microtissue, ranging from normoxia to severe hypoxia. This range approximately captures both the physiologically relevant oxygen gradient generated from the portal vein to the central vein in the liver, and the severe hypoxia occurring in ischemia and liver diseases. Primary rat hepatocytes cultured in this microfluidic platform were exposed to an oxygen gradient of 0.3–6.9%. The establishment of an ascending hypoxia gradient in hepatocytes was confirmed in response to the decreasing oxygen supply. The hepatocyte viability in this platform decreased to approximately 80% along the hypoxia gradient. Simultaneously, a progressive increase in accumulation of reactive oxygen species and expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α was observed with increasing hypoxia. These results demonstrate the induction of distinct metabolic and genetic responses in hepatocytes upon exposure to an oxygen (/hypoxia) gradient. This progressive hypoxia‐on‐a‐chip platform can be used to study the role of oxygen and hypoxia‐associated molecules in modeling healthy and injured liver tissues. Its use can be further expanded to the study of other hypoxic tissues such as tumors as well as the investigation of drug toxicity and efficacy under oxygen‐limited conditions.
Targeted delivery of functionalized PLGA nanoparticles to macrophages by complexation with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kiefer Ruth , Jurisic Marijas , Dahlem Charlotte , Koch Marcus , Schmitt Manfred J. , Kiemer Alexandra K. , Schneider Marc , Breinig Frank 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNanoparticles (NPs) are able to deliver a variety of substances into eukaryotic cells. However, their usage is often hampered by a lack of specificity, leading to the undesired uptake of NPs by virtually all cell types. In contrast to this, yeast is known to be specifically taken up into immune cells after entering the body. Therefore, we investigated the interaction of biodegradable surface‐modified poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles with yeast cells to overcome the unspecificity of the particulate carriers. Cells of different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were characterized regarding their interaction with PLGA‐NPs under isotonic and hypotonic conditions. The particles were shown to efficiently interact with yeast cells leading to stable NP/yeast‐complexes allowing to associate or even internalize compounds. Notably, applying those complexes to a coculture model of HeLa cells and macrophages, the macrophages were specifically targeted. This novel nano‐in‐micro carrier system suggests itself as a promising tool for the delivery of biologically active agents into phagocytic cells combining specificity and efficiency.
Designing a blueprint for next‐generation stem cell bioprocessing development
Authors: Kim Mee‐Hae , Kino‐oka Masahiro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe creation of a blueprint for stem cell bioprocess development that it is easily readable and shareable among those involved in the construction of the bioprocess is a necessary step toward full‐fledged bioprocess integration. The blueprint provides the culturing tools and methodologies, designed to highlight knowledge gaps within biological sciences and bioengineering. This review highlights a blueprint for stem cell bioprocessing development using a landscape architecture approach that can aid the development of culture technologies and tools that satisfy the demands for stem cell‐derived products for use in clinical and industrial applications. This work is intended to provide insights to cell biologists, geneticists, bioengineers, and clinicians seeking knowledge outside of their field of expertise and fosters a leap from a reductionist approach to one, that is, globally integrated in stem cell bioprocessing.
Intercontinental collaborative experience with abdominal, retroperitoneal and pelvic schwannomas
Authors:   Transatlantic Australasian Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Working Group, Monteiro De Barros J , Hodson J , Glasbey J , Massey R , Rintoul-Hoad O , Chetan M , Desai A , Almond L M , Gourevitch D , Ford S J , Strauss D , Smith H , Hayes A , Cardona K , Lopez-Aguiar A , Johnson A , Swallow C , Burtenshaw S , Nessim C , Weng R , Purgin B , Gronchi A , Fiore M , Callegaro D , Raut C P , Fairweather M , Bagaria S , Novak M , Gyorki D , Reid F , Mullinax J , Gonzalez R J , Van Coevorden F , Van Houdt W , Haas R L M , Van Boven H , Heeres B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Schwannomas are rare tumours that pose a significant management challenge in the abdomen, retroperitoneum and pelvis. No data are available to inform management strategy.

Methods
A collaborative international cohort study, across specialist sarcoma units, was conducted to include adults presenting between 2000 and 2017 with histopathologically confirmed schwannomas within the abdomen, retroperitoneum or pelvis.

Results
Of 485 patients across 12 centres, 38 (7·8 per cent) were discharged without follow-up, 199 (41·0 per cent) underwent early resection and 248 (51·1 per cent) had radiological monitoring. Of these 248 patients, 96 (38·7 per cent) eventually had surgery, giving an overall resection rate of 60·8 per cent (295 of 485). At baseline, median tumour volume was 90·1 (i.q.r. 26·5–262·0) cm3. The estimated growth rate was 10·5 (95 per cent c.i. 9·4 to 11·6) per cent per year, and was consistent in the short term (within 2 years of diagnosis) and long term (beyond 2 years) (ρ = 0·405, P = 0·021). A decision to operate was more common in symptomatic patients (P &lt; 0·001) and for rapidly growing tumours (growth rate more than 20 per cent per year) (P = 0·025). R0/R1 resection was achieved in 91·6 per cent of patients (263 of 287). Kaplan–Meier long-term recurrence rates after R0/R1 resection were 2·3 and 6·7 per cent at 3 and 5 years respectively.

Conclusion
Specific recommendations include: indications for early surgery, prediction of growth from radiological monitoring, promotion of selective submacroscopic resection and cessation of postoperative imaging surveillance.
Randomized clinical trial of the effect of intraoperative humidified carbon dioxide insufflation in open laparotomy for colorectal resection
Authors: Cheong J. Y. , Chami B. , Fong G. M. , Wang X. S. , Keshava A. , Young C. J. , Witting P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Animal studies have shown that peritoneal injury can be minimized by insufflating the abdominal cavity with warm humidified carbon dioxide gas.

Methods
A single-blind RCT was performed at a tertiary colorectal unit. Inclusion criteria were patient aged 18 years and over undergoing open elective surgery. The intervention group received warmed (37°C), humidified (98 per cent relative humidity) carbon dioxide (WHCO2 group). Multiple markers of peritoneal inflammation and oxidative damage were used to compare groups, including cytokines and chemokines, apoptosis, the 3-chlorotyrosine/native tyrosine ratio, and light microscopy on peritoneal biopsies at the start (T0) and end (Tend) of the operation. Postoperative clinical outcomes were compared between the groups.

Results
Of 40 patients enrolled, 20 in the WHCO2 group and 19 in the control group were available for analysis. A significant log(Tend/T0) difference between control and WHCO2 groups was documented for interleukin (IL) 2 (5·3 versus 2·8 respectively; P = 0·028) and IL-4 (3·5 versus 2·0; P = 0·041), whereas apoptosis assays documented no significant change in caspase activity, and similar apoptosis rates were documented along the peritoneal edge in both groups. The 3-chlorotyrosine/tyrosine ratio had increased at Tend by 1·1-fold in the WHCO2 group and by 3·1-fold in the control group. Under light microscopy, peritoneum was visible in 11 of 19 samples from the control group and in 19 of 20 samples from the WHCO2 group (P = 0·006). The only difference in clinical outcomes between intervention and control groups was the number of days to passage of flatus (2·5 versus 5·0 days respectively; P = 0·008).

Conclusion
The use of warmed, humidified carbon dioxide appears to reduce some markers related to peritoneal oxidative damage during laparotomy. No difference was observed in clinical outcomes, but the study was underpowered for analysis of surgical results. Registration number: NCT02975947 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/).
The extended theory of planned behavior in Turkish customers' intentions to visit green hotels
Authors: Yarimoglu Emel , Gunay Tugrul 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOver the last decade, many studies have started to focus on understanding customers' green purchase intentions since the increasing importance of environmental issues in the hotel industry. This study examined customers' intentions to visit green hotels by using the theory of planned behavior. Two constructs, environmentally friendly activities and overall image, were incorporated into the theory, and the extended theory of planned behavior model was tested. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the extended theory of planned behavior constructs (attitudes towards green hotels, subjective norms, perceived control, environmentally friendly activities, and overall image) on visit intentions and also to predict the effects of visit intentions on willingness to pay, satisfaction, and loyalty. Within this aim, the research model was formed to show the antecedents and consequences of intentions to visit green hotels. Data were collected by face‐to‐face survey technique, and 400 usable questionnaires were held from the customers in Izmir City, Turkey. In the findings, four of five constructs in the antecedents of intentions, except perceived control, were found as significant, and all three consequences of intentions were found as significant. The results of the study supported the usage of the extended theory of planned behavior in the context of green hotels. Theoretical contributions and discussions were explained lastly.
Sensitization of HT29 colorectal cancer cells to vemurafenib in three‐dimensional collagen cultures
Authors: Kikuchi Keiji , Hoshino Daisuke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe extracellular matrix to which cancer cells adhere affects cellular sensitivity to anticancer drugs. We sought to examine the changes in sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells carrying the BRAF V600E mutation to vemurafenib cultured in three‐dimensional (3D) collagen‐I gels, while also identifying the signaling pathways involved in these changes. HT29 colorectal cancer cells were cultured in conventional tissue culture (TC) plastic plates or in collagen‐I gels. The HT29 cells demonstrated approximately 10‐fold higher sensitivity to vemurafenib in 3D‐collagen‐I gels compared with those cultured on conventional TC plastic plates. Furthermore, in cells cultured on TC plastic, vemurafenib was found to augment tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), while 3D‐cultured cells expressed lower levels of FAK and vemurafenib did not affect its tyrosine phosphorylation, suggesting that FAK contributes to vemurafenib resistance. However, pharmacological inhibition of FAK did not sensitize the cells to vemurafenib. Also, the level of tyrosine‐phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ERBB2 family proteins was found to be lower in cells cultured in 3D‐collagen gel compared with those in cells cultured on TC plastic. Afatinib, an inhibitor of the EGFR/ERBB family of kinases, sensitized the cells to higher concentrations of vemurafenib, implying their participation in vemurafenib resistance. Adhesion to collagen‐I gel but not to the collagen‐I‐coated plastic surface sensitized the cells, suggesting that the rigidity of the media rather than adherence to collagen‐I may be important for cellular sensitivity to vemurafenib.
Development of multifocal extra‐abdominal desmoid fibromatosis after surgical resection
Authors: Bauer Brendon M. , Williams Nadine L. , Zuckerman Lee M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMultifocal fibromatosis is a rare entity. We report on two cases where multifocal disease developed after surgical resection. Chronic inflammation and repetitive trauma may be considered a risk factor for developing multifocal disease.
Operation and Control of a Full‐Scale Biogas Plant Treating Wastewater from the Cleaning of Car Tanks
Authors: Pfeiffer Wolfgang , Nguyen Van Than , Neumann Jan , Awe Dirk , Tränckner Jens 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA 1200‐m3 full‐scale biogas plant treating highly polluted wastewater (WW) from the cleaning of tank cars transporting food and fodder is working stably and efficiently despite the WW is constantly varying in strength and composition, is easily acidifying, and low in alkalinity. Na2CO3 has to be added to maintain the digester alkalinity and the digester pH at defined values due to softened water used for car tank cleaning. Monitoring volatile organic acid concentration and controlling the alkalinity in the digester are essential for maintaining the digestion process stability. Biogas production is adapted to the demand by a modulated feeding regime. The drastic modulation of feeding is possible due to the moderate organic loading of the plant along with the high average hydraulic retention time.
Exploring consumer attitudes to online collaborative consumption: A typology of collaborative consumer profiles
Authors: Hallem Yousra , Ben Arfi Wissal , Teulon Frédéric 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOnline collaborative consumption enhances peer networks, members of which communicate, collaborate, and even deliver services to one another via digital sharing platforms. Despite the tremendous increase in collaborative consumption, due in large part to the development of the Internet, the reality of the economic and social movements that underpin this trend is much less visible. Of course, not all consumers seek collaborative consumption or interact through online platforms. Using a qualitative approach, this paper aims to investigate motivational factors and barriers against collaborative consumption and to establish a typology of collaborative consumer profiles, identifying the most suitable type of online sharing platforms for each profile. The findings reveal the following collaborative consumer profiles: committed, pragmatists, intermittent, and skeptical, each demonstrating different preferences for the different type of online sharing platform.
A multicenter prospective cohort study to investigate the effectiveness and safety of apixaban in Japanese elderly atrial fibrillation patients (J‐ELD AF Registry)
Authors: Okumura Ken , Yamashita Takeshi , Suzuki Shinya , Akao Masaharu ,   on behalf of J‐ELD AF Investigators
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundA global, randomized clinical trial indicated the efficacy and safety of apixaban in stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, data in the elderly NVAF patients ≥75 years, especially those on reduced dose, are limited.HypothesisTo confirm the current dose reduction criteria of apixaban in elderly NVAF patients.MethodWith a large‐scale, multicenter prospective observational study, one‐year outcomes after administration of on‐label doses of apixaban were analyzed in Japanese NVAF patients aged ≥75 years. Endpoints were stroke or systemic embolism, bleeding requiring hospitalization, total death, and cardiovascular death.ResultsA total of 3031 patients (average age, 81.7 years; female, 48.2%) taking standard (5 mg bid) or reduced dose (2.5 mg bid) of apixaban were enrolled from 110 facilities. Standard and reduced apixaban doses were administered in 1284 (42.4%) and 1747 (57.6%) patients, respectively. Event rates (/100 person‐years) in standard and reduced dose groups were 1.67 and 1.56, respectively, for stroke or systemic embolism, 1.42 and 2.25 for bleeding requiring hospitalization, 1.41 and 4.46 for total death, and 0.41 and 1.36 for cardiovascular death. Reduced apixaban dose was not significantly associated with stroke or systemic embolism and bleeding requiring hospitalization, but was independently associated with total and cardiovascular death.ConclusionsIncidences of stroke or systemic embolism and bleeding requiring hospitalization were similar between standard and reduced apixaban doses in the elderly NVAF patients. The incidences of total and cardiovascular death were significantly higher in the reduced dose group due to the coexisting higher risks in this group.
Tuneable Emission of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Based Nanostructures that Self‐Assemble in the Presence of Europium(III) Ions: Reversible trans‐to‐cis Isomerization
Authors: Cinà Valerio , Carbonell Esther , Fusaro Luca , García Hermenegildo , Gruttadauria Michelangelo , Giacalone Francesco , Aprile Carmela 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHybrid nanostructures with switchable and reversible “blue‐red‐green” emission were efficiently synthesized. These nanostructures comprise polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) that behave as a nanocage that can be functionalized with terpyridine‐based organic ligands, which can be easily complexed with europium (III) ions. The complexes were characterized by UV‐Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy and their stoichiometry was also confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. In the presence of the Eu(III) ions, the octafunctionalized nanocages self‐assemble to form 3D architectures that display an intense red‐emission, especially in the solid state. The presence of an alkenyl group bridging the inorganic core to the organic moiety was employed to tune the emission properties by trans‐cis isomerization of the double bond. In the case of the octafunctionalized nanocages (O‐POSS), this isomerization was monitored in the presence of Eu(III) cations and was accompanied by an evident colour change from blue (trans‐O‐POSS) to red (Eu@trans‐O‐POSS) and finally to green (cis‐O‐POSS) as consequence of the release of the metal cations. This behaviour, together with the easy dispersion of the dry powder and the possibility of coating as a film in presence of small amounts of solvent, makes the emissive solid promising for applications in materials science.
Investigating Electrode Flooding in a Flowing Electrolyte, Gas‐Fed Carbon Dioxide Electrolyzer
Authors: Leonard McLain E. , Clarke Lauren E. , Forner‐Cuenca Antoni , Brown Steven M. , Brushett Fikile R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractManaging the gas–liquid interface within gas‐diffusion electrodes (GDEs) is key to maintaining high product selectivities in carbon dioxide electroreduction. By screening silver‐catalyzed GDEs over a range of applied current densities, an inverse correlation was observed between carbon monoxide selectivity and the electrochemical double‐layer capacitance, a proxy for wetted electrode area. Plotting current‐dependent performance as a function of cumulative charge led to data collapse onto a single sigmoidal curve indicating that the passage of faradaic current accelerates flooding. It was hypothesized that high cathode alkalinity, driven by both initial electrolyte conditions and cathode half‐reactions, promotes carbonate formation and precipitation which, in turn, facilitates electrolyte permeation. This mechanism was reinforced by the observations that post‐test GDEs retain less hydrophobicity than pristine materials and that water‐rinsing and drying electrodes temporarily recovers peak selectivity. This knowledge offers an opportunity to design electrodes with greater carbonation tolerance to improve device longevity.
Enhancing Zn‐Ion Storage Capability of Hydrated Vanadium Pentoxide by the Strategic Introduction of La3+
Authors: He Jinjun , Liu Xiaoqing , Zhang Haozhe , Yang Zujin , Shi Xin , Liu Qiyu , Lu Xihong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHydrated vanadium pentoxide (VO) cathodes with two‐dimensional bilayer structures hold great potential for advanced aqueous Zn‐ion batteries (ZIBs) construction, but their further application is impeded by the poor cycling stability. Herein, to address this issue and enhance the Zn ion storage capability, La3+ with a big radius was selected to finely tune their nanostructure. The strategic introduction of La3+ to VO led to the formation of LaVO4, which showed larger interplanar spacing, better electrical conductivity, and superior Zn‐ion diffusion efficiency. These unique characteristics were beneficial in the (de)intercalation and the prevention of electrode degradation/collapse, thereby significantly strengthening the corresponding electrochemical performance. As a consequence, the cathode possessed a high specific capacity of 472.5 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.38 A g−1 and displayed good rate performance, accompanied by enduring cycling stability (no decay after 2000 cycles). Besides, when equipped as an aqueous ZIB, it delivered an outstanding peak energy density of 341.9 Wh kg−1 and a peak power density of 3.22 kW kg−1, surpassing most VO‐based energy‐storage devices.