bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducción al estudio de lectura crítica y multimedia en la narración de la ruta de Hernán Cortés hacia México-Tenochtitlan (1519).
Authors: López Yepes José , López Hernández Alfonso 
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo presenta la justificación y descripción preliminar de un proyecto internacional de investigación financiado por la Universidad Panamericana, campus de Ciudad de México, que tiene por objeto el estudio y fijación de la ruta que siguió Cortés desde la salida de La Habana y desembarco en la isla de Cozumel hasta su llegada a México-Tenochtitlan, 1519. Bajo los principios de la metodología dc la lectura crítica como recurso para descubrir la veracidad de los contenidos de los documentos en sus distintos soportes físicos, (texto, fotos y audiovisual), se busca despertar el espíritu crítico entre los estudiantes universitarios y facilitar base de reflexión para el alumbramiento de nuevas ideas. En el artículo se esbozan algunos aspectos consustanciales a la expedición como las características del encuentro mutuo de indígenas y españoles, el papel de la Malinche (Doña Marina) en la ruta, las alabanzas que dedican los cronistas a la nueva tierra descubierta y explorada -Nueva España-, el comportamiento de indígenas y españoles y nuestra propuesta de itinerario de la ruta tras la mención de las propuestas de otros autores. Se añade una etapa concreta de la ruta como es el llamado puerto o paso de Cortés, último obstáculo para alcanzar la soñada meta México-Tenochtitlan, entre los volcanes Popocatepetl e Iztaccihuatl.
Presentación
Authors: Castelli Nunzia , Bogoni Milena 
Published: May 2020

Desde la última crisis económica se han generado una serie de cambios y reformas que han incidido de manera directa en aspectos esenciales del sistema español de relaciones laborales, profundizando y agrandando debilidades preexistentes. Es así como, una vez más, el impacto de la crisis ha sido especialmente acusado entre colectivos que ya presentaban especial vulnerabilidad en el mercado laboral que se ha mantenido pese a la tímida recuperación económica. El estudio de factores como la edad y el género permite identificar las debilidades estructurales del mercado laboral español y proponer un análisis en el que el derecho del trabajo puede funcionar como una herramienta esencial para la reconfiguración, de manera necesaria y urgentemente inclusiva, del nexo entre ciudadanía y trabajo.
Charles Lewes's Career
Authors: Harris Margaret 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Like many offspring of celebrity parents, Charles Lee Lewes, the eldest son of George Henry Lewes, is known—if at all—as a footnote to the biography of his father and stepmother, George Eliot. This article demonstrates his claims to consideration on his own account, particularly in his role as George Eliot's residual legatee, while acknowledging the advantages he derived from his family connections. Charles was employed in the Post Office, but had aspirations to a literary career, publishing translations, stories, sketches, and articles on topical subjects. He also prepared his father's work and George Eliot's Essays and Leaves from a Notebook (1884) for the press. Charles's wife, Gertrude, who succeeded him as literary trustee, was a sister of the reformer Octavia Hill, and her family also influenced his activities.
Piotr Wandycz as Historian of Diplomacy of the Reborn Poland (1918–1939)
Authors: Kornat Marek 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article is devoted to professor Piotr Wandycz’s (1923–2017) work in the field of history of diplomacy. The author tries to reexamine his main arguments and conceptions. Wandycz was first of all the historian of French-Polish-Czechoslovak and Soviet-Polish relations in the inter-war era, but not only. His major contribution to historiography was made in the research on Polish foreign policy (1919–1939). Wandycz’s thesis that the Polish policy of balance between Germany and Soviet Russia had no real strategic alternative seems to be one of the most convincing interpretations of the inter-war Poland’s diplomacy. The geopolitical situation of the reconstructed Poland was highly unfavorable. and Wandycz was convinced of it more than any other historian in the West. Working on international relations in the inter-war Europe, he preferred rather multilateralism than bilateralism. In his studies we can find more empathy for more moderate Polish ministers of foreign affairs like Aleksander Skrzyński (1922–1926) or August Zaleski (1926–1932) than Józef Beck (1932–1939). Wandycz’s excellent works require the special attention of historians.
COMUNICAÇÃO COMO TECNOLOGIA SOCIAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO: PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DA ESTRUTURA DE COMUNICAÇÃO DE UM TERRITÓRIO
Authors: Carniello Monica Franchi , Santos Moacir José dos 
Published: May 2020

A comunicação é um dos fatores que incide sobre os processos de desenvolvimento de um território e um aspecto de interesse estratégico para um país. A questão central é identificar quando e como um ambiente comunicacional é favorável para o desenvolvimento. Parte-se da premissa teórica de que a comunicação deve operar como uma Tecnologia Social para cumprir seu papel de vetor do desenvolvimento. O objetivo geral deste artigo é propor um método para avaliação da estrutura e fluxos de comunicação de determinados territórios para verificar se esta cumpre um papel favorável ao desenvolvimento. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa e delineamento bibliográfico. A proposta metodológica aproxima referentes à estrutura e processo de produção de conteúdo midiático das premissas da Tecnologia Social, que a distinguem da Tecnologia Convencional.
HUMAN FLOW: ATRAVESSAR, CUSTE O QUE CUSTAR
Authors: Lessa Filho Ricardo , Vieira Frederico 
Published: May 2020

Partindo do ensaio pouco conhecido de Hannah Arendt sobre os refugiados e das lapidações teóricas de Giorgio Agamben sobre o tema, como também da exposição sobre a hospitalidade de Jacques Derrida,o artigo propor-se-á a partir de Human Flow (2017), filme dirigido pelo artista e ativista chinês Ai Weiwei, exercer um olhar histórico, teórico e morfológico sobre as imagens registradas em diversos campos de refugiados, imagens que acabam por expelir ao nosso campo visual uma inconteste violência contra tantas vidas humanas, cujas “autoridades” dos países receptores destes imensos fluxos de pessoas deixam transparecer, ao mesmo tempo pela crueldade e indiferença, a enfermização de nossa condição humana e o aniquilamento de toda a ideia de hospitalidade – ali mesmo onde a genealogia da Europa e do mundo é renegada de maneira absoluta quando se passa a perceber o refugiado não mais como um estrangeiro, senão como um inimigo, como um ser hostil.
Cambrian Intelligence
Authors: Brooks Rodney A. 
Published: May 2020

Until the mid-1980s, AI researchers assumed that an intelligent system doing high-level reasoning was necessary for the coupling of perception and action. In this traditional model, cognition mediates between perception and plans of action. Realizing that this core AI, as it was known, was illusory, Rodney A. Brooks turned the field of AI on its head by introducing the behavior-based approach to robotics. The cornerstone of behavior-based robotics is the realization that the coupling of perception and action gives rise to all the power of intelligence and that cognition is only in the eye of an observer. Behavior-based robotics has been the basis of successful applications in entertainment, service industries, agriculture, mining, and the home. It has given rise to both autonomous mobile robots and more recent humanoid robots such as Brooks' Cog.
This book represents Brooks' initial formulation of and contributions to the development of the behavior-based approach to robotics. It presents all of the key philosophical and technical ideas that put this "bottom-up" approach at the forefront of current research in not only AI but all of cognitive science.
Bradford Books imprint
Clustering of multiple health risk behaviors and its association with diabetes in a Southern Chinese adult population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Guanrong , Luo Caibing , Cui Ying , Lu Yifan , Yang Yang 
Published: May 2020

Background
Identifying the clustering patterns of health risk behaviors (HRBs) within individuals and their health impacts are essential to develop lifestyle promotion strategies. This study aimed to explore the clustering of a range of HRBs and the associations between such identified clusters and diabetes in Southern Chinese adults.

Methods
Data from 5,734 adults aged 35–75 years and underwent health examinations from November 2012 to December 2013 at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou were analyzed. Behavioral characteristics, including smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and sleep duration and quality, were measured by questionnaires. Latent class analysis was conducted by gender to identify HRBs clustering patterns, and logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between behavioral patterns and diabetes.

Results
Three distinct behavioral clusters emerged in both genders. Male classes were defined as: (1) healthy lifestyle (Class 1, 62.9%); (2) cumulate harmful habits (Class 2, 27.1%); (3) poor sleep and risky habits (Class 3, 10.0%). Female classes were: (1) healthy lifestyle (Class 1, 83.0%); (2) inactive, daytime dysfunction (Class 2, 5.7%); (3) poor sleep habits (Class 3, 11.3%). Individuals of Class 2 and Class 3 showed a higher likelihood of diabetes across genders (multivariable-adjusted ORs [95% CIs], 2.03 [1.49–2.76] and 2.61 [1.78–3.81] among males, 2.64 [1.16–5.98] and 1.81 [1.07–3.06] among females) when compared with those of Class 1.

Conclusions
Our data provided additional evidence of HRBs clustering among adults, and such clustering was associated with an increased risk of diabetes. These findings have implications for identifying vulnerable subgroups and developing diabetes prevention programs.
Natural Response of Rice Seedlings under Cold Conditions
Authors: Rathod Ramya , Sandyakishore N. , Kumar G. Praveen , Shahana Firdoz 
Published: May 2020

Rice (Oryza sativa L., Poaceae) is the primary source of food for billions of people throughout the world and around 90% of the cultivated area under rice is in Asia. Rice is the majorly grown during both seasons and in Rabi season the seedlings are raised in exposure to the cold months and hence, cold tolerant rice varieties are the prerequisite for rice cultivation. Among the districts of Telangana, Nizamabad, records the lowest mean minimum temperature ranging from 11-16°C over past ten years. The main aim of the study was to identify cold tolerant genotypes. The experiment was conducted to evaluate 35 genotypes of rice for cold tolerance under field conditions. Sprouted seeds of these genotypes were sown in nursery during Rabi 2017-18. The germination percentage was recorded at 15 days after sowing (DAS) and 30 DAS, scoring for cold was done and chlorophyll content through SPAD meter were taken. Akshaydhan and Krishna Hamsa were least affected by cold and scored 1 considering them as cold tolerant and can be used as donors in crossing programs.
Erythrocyte Phenotyping in ABO, RH and Kell Blood Group Systems in the Donor and Recipient of Blood Products at the Yaounde University and Hospital Center
Authors: Chemegni B. Chetcha , Ndoumba A. , Bogning Jiatsa , Lontsi E. , Tagne C. Tayou , Mbanya D. 
Published: May 2020

In order to prevent post transfusion alloimmunization, it is essential to give recipients compatible blood products. However in countries with limited income, blood grouping is limited to the ABO system and to the D antigen of the Rhesus system; however, there are other immunogenic antigens such as C, c, E, e and K to name a few. This should be the reason why a retrospective study by Tayou et al. at the blood bank of the University Hospital Center (CHU) of Yaoundé in 2009 on the erythrocyte phenotype in the donor and recipient of blood product only reported to us that data relate to the erythrocyte blood group system ABO and the Rh 1 antigen. We therefore found it expedient to carry out erythrocyte phenotyping in the ABO, RH and KELL blood group systems in the donor and recipient of blood products at the CHU of Yaoundé.
A descriptive, transversal and prospective study was carried out at the blood bank of the CHU of Yaoundé over 6 months, from June 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. It was interested in the donor-recipient couples of blood within which the recipient was a patient hospitalized at the CHU. Laboratory analyses of donor and recipient blood samples have allowed us to have the phenotypes in the ABO, RH, and KELL blood group systems.
In the ABO system, the phenotypes obtained were 4: A1, A1B, B and O at 27.27%, 2.27%, 13.64% and 56.82% respectively among donors and 31.82%, 2.27%, 13.64% and 52.27% among recipients. In addition, from the Rhesus system, there were 5 phenotypes in donors: D + C + E + c + e +, D + C + E-c + e +, D + C-E + c + e +, D + CE-c + e +, DCE-c + e + respectively at 2.27%, 11.36%, 9.09%, 75.00% and 2.27% and in recipients 4 phenotypes, namely: D + C + E + c + e +, D + C-E + c + e +, D + CE-c + e +, DCE-c + e + at 15.91%, 27.27%, 54.55% and 2.27% respectively. In the KELL system, the K antigen was present in 4.55% of donors and 2.27% of recipients. An antigen supply from the donor to the recipient was evaluated at 6.82% for C, 4.54% for E, 2.27% for K and 2.27% for K, C, E at the same time. This gave us an estimate of the average risk of alloimmunization at 15.9%.
Erythrocyte phenotyping would therefore be of major benefit during blood transfusion and would considerably prevent the risks of alloimmunization.
Tool Setup Improvement for Package Scratch Mitigation at End-of-Line Process
Authors: Jr. A. Sumagpang , Gomez F. R. , Rodriguez R. 
Published: May 2020

With new and continuous semiconductor technology trends, challenges in assembly manufacturing are inevitable. This paper focused on the elimination of assembly defects particularly package chip-out and scratch at the singulation end-of-line (EOL) process of a semiconductor device. Simulation using computer-aided design (CAD) tools, actual process replication, and validations were done, eventually verifying and replicating the desired defect signatures. Singulation tool setup of the package was improved and a standardized tool setup was established based on the simulation and actual validations, resulting to at least 90% improvement in assembly EOL process parts per million (ppm) reduction.
Strong Circular Dichroism in Single Gyroid Optical Metamaterials
Authors: Kilchoer Cédric , Abdollahi Narjes , Dolan James A. , Abdelrahman Doha , Saba Matthias , Wiesner Ulrich , Steiner Ullrich , Gunkel Ilja , Wilts Bodo D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOver the past two decades, metamaterials have led to an increasing number of biosensing and nanophotonic applications due to the possibility of a careful control of light propagating through subwavelength features. Chiral nanostructures (characterized by the absence of any mirror symmetry), in particular, give rise to unique chiro‐optical properties such as circular dichroism and optical activity. Here, a gyroid optical metamaterial with a periodicity of 65 nm exhibiting a strong circular dichroism at visible wavelengths is presented. This bottom‐up approach, based on metallic replication of the gyroid morphology in triblock terpolymer films, generates a large area of periodic optical metamaterials. A strong circular dichroism in gold and silver gyroid metamaterials at visible wavelengths is observed. It is shown that the circular dichroism is inherently linked to the handedness of the gyroid nanostructure and its tuneability is demonstrated. The optical effects are discussed and compared to other existing systems, showing the potential of bottom‐up approaches for large‐scale circular filters and chiral sensing.
Quaternary Supramolecular Nanoparticles as a Photoerasable Luminescent Ink and Photocontrolled Cell‐Imaging Agent
Authors: Fu Hong‐Guang , Chen Yong , Dai Xian Yin , Liu Yu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPhotoswitchable luminescent supramolecular assemblies based on cyclodextrins have attracted considerable attention owing to their potential applications as smart materials, but most of the assemblies reported to date emit green or blue light with low contrast and high interference. In this study, novel photoluminescent red‐luminescent quaternary supramolecular nanoparticles (2) are constructed from a dithienylethene derivative (1), a β‐cyclodextrin‐functionalized ruthenium complex (Ru‐HOP‐CD), Pluronic F‐127, and cetrimonium bromide. Compared with the binary assembly 1@Ru‐HOP‐CD, the quaternary nanoparticles exhibit high fluorescence resonance energy transfer efficiency, with Ru‐HOP‐CD acting as the donor and 1 as the acceptor. Owing to the reversible photoswitched interconversion of the two forms of the dithienylethene component, the fluorescence of the nanoparticles could be switched on/off by irradiation with UV or visible light, both in solution and in the solid state. As a result, the nanoparticles could be used as a photoerasable red‐luminescent ink and as a photocontrolled cell‐imaging agent. These functional nanoparticles can be expected to be useful in the fields of information security and biology.
Multilevel Monte Carlo applied for uncertainty quantification in stochastic multiscale systems
Authors: Kimaev Grigoriy , Chaffart Donovan , Ricardez‐Sandoval Luis A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) sampling technique for uncertainty quantification in stochastic multiscale systems. Two systems, a chemical vapor deposition chamber and a catalytic flow reactor, subject to multiple parameter uncertainty, were considered. The distributions of the systems' observables were estimated using standard MC sampling and polynomial chaos expansions (PCE), where the coefficients were calculated by nonintrusive spectral projection. The MLMC technique was used to efficiently sample the two systems and accurately estimate the data necessary for constructing the PCE expressions. The results show that the usage of MLMC improved the precision of identification of PCE versus the traditional heuristic approach and lowered the computational cost of uncertainty quantification compared to standard MC.
Self‐Boosting Catalytic Nanoreactors Integrated with Triggerable Crosslinking Membrane Networks for Initiation of Immunogenic Cell Death by Pyroptosis
Authors: Li Junjie , Anraku Yasutaka , Kataoka Kazunori 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSynthetic polymer vesicles spur novel strategies for producing intelligent nanodevices with precise and specific functions. Engineering vesicular nanodevices with tunable permeability by a general platform without involving trade‐offs between structural integrity, flexibility, and functionality remains challenging. Herein, we present a general strategy to construct responsive nanoreactors based on polyion complex vesicles by integrating stimuli‐responsive linkers into a crosslinking membrane network. The formulated ROS‐responsive nanoreactor with self‐boosting catalytic glucose oxidation could protect glucose oxidase (GOD) to achieve cytocidal function by oxidative stress induction and glucose starvation, which is ascribed to stimuli‐responsive vesicle expansion without fracture and size‐selective cargo release behavior. The GOD‐loaded therapeutic nanoreactor induced an immunostimulatory form of cell death by pyroptosis, which has the great potential to prime anti‐tumor immune responses.
Inverse Vulcanized Polymers with Shape Memory, Enhanced Mechanical Properties, and Vitrimer Behavior
Authors: Yan Peiyao , Zhao Wei , Zhang Bowen , Jiang Liang , Petcher Samuel , Smith Jessica A. , Parker Douglas J. , Cooper Andrew I. , Lei Jingxin , Hasell Tom 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe invention of inverse vulcanization provides great opportunities for generating functional polymers directly from elemental sulfur, an industrial by‐product. However, unsatisfactory mechanical properties have limited the scope for wider applications of these exciting materials. Here, we report an effective synthesis method that significantly improves mechanical properties of sulfur‐polymers and allows control of performance. A linear pre‐polymer containing hydroxyl functional group was produced, which could be stored at room temperature for long periods of time. This pre‐polymer was then further crosslinked by difunctional isocyanate secondary crosslinker. By adjusting the molar ratio of crosslinking functional groups, the tensile strength was controlled, ranging from 0.14±0.01 MPa to 20.17±2.18 MPa, and strain was varied from 11.85±0.88 % to 51.20±5.75 %. Control of hardness, flexibility, solubility and function of the material were also demonstrated. We were able to produce materials with suitable combination of flexibility and strength, with excellent shape memory function. Combined with the unique dynamic property of S−S bonds, these polymer networks have an attractive, vitrimer‐like ability for being reshaped and recycled, despite their crosslinked structures. This new synthesis method could open the door for wider applications of sustainable sulfur‐polymers.
Thiophene Cation Intercalation to Improve Band‐Edge Integrity in Reduced‐Dimensional Perovskites
Authors: Ni Chuyi , Huang Yahao , Zeng Tao , Chen Daohong , Chen Hao , Wei Mingyang , Johnston Andrew , Proppe Andrew H. , Ning Zhijun , Sargent Edward H. , Hu Peng , Yang Zhenyu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe insertion of large organic cations in metal halide perovskites with reduced‐dimensional (RD) crystal structures increases crystal formation energy and regulates the growth orientation of the inorganic domains. However, the power conversion performance is curtailed by the insulating nature of the bulky cations. Now a series of RD perovskites with 2‐thiophenmethylammonium (TMA) as the intercalating cation are investigated. Compared with traditional ligands, TMA demonstrates improved electron transfer in the inorganic framework. TMA modifies the near‐band‐edge integrity of the RD perovskite, improving hole transport. A power conversion efficiency of 19 % is achieved, the highest to date for TMA‐based RD perovskite photovoltaics; these TMA devices provide a 12 % relative increase in PCE compared to control RD perovskite devices that use PEA as the intercalating ligand, a result of the improved charge transfer from the inorganic layer to the organic ligands.
Room‐Temperature Ferroelectric Material Composed of a Two‐Dimensional Metal Halide Double Perovskite for X‐ray Detection
Authors: Guo Wuqian , Liu Xitao , Han Shiguo , Liu Yi , Xu Zhiyun , Hong Maochun , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough two‐dimensional (2D) metal–halide double perovskites display versatile physical properties due to their huge structural compatibility, room‐temperature ferroelectric behavior has not yet been reported for this fascinating family. Here, we designed a room‐temperature ferroelectric material composed of 2D halide double perovskites, (chloropropylammonium)4AgBiBr8, using an organic asymmetric dipolar ligand. It exhibits concrete ferroelectricity, including a Curie temperature of 305 K and a notable spontaneous polarization of ≈3.2 μC cm−2, triggered by dynamic ordering of the organic cation and the tilting motion of heterometallic AgBr6/BiBr6 octahedra. Besides, the alternating array of inorganic perovskite sheets and organic cations endows large mobility‐lifetime product (μτ=1.0×10−3 cm2 V−1) for detecting X‐ray photons, which is almost tenfold higher than that of CH3NH3PbI3 wafers. As far as we know, this is the first study on an X‐ray‐sensitive ferroelectric material composed of 2D halide double perovskites. Our findings afford a promising platform for exploring new ferroelectric materials toward further device applications.