bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and therapeutic efficacy of biodegradable nanostructures in experimental infections
Authors: Trukhachev Vladimir , Orobets Vladimir , Kastarnova Elena , Shakhova Valeria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
One of the main promising directions in the development of pharmacology is the development of selective drugs and effective approaches to their production using nanoscale drug delivery vehicles. Providing the necessary therapeutic concentration of drugs in target cells is not an easy task. To solve it, a specific drug carrier is required. The most promising is the use of biodegradable delivery systems, due to the lack of the need to use expensive equipment, and it is also possible to synthesize them in production volumes. The need to develop systems for the controlled delivery of drugs, especially antibacterial drugs, is due to their clear advantage over antibiotics in standardized dosage forms. Increasingly, in poultry industry, high mortality rates of chickens began to be observed in the acute form of enterotoxemia due to Clostridium perfringens and its associations with another microflora. The aim of this paper is to study the therapeutic efficacy of a free and included in biodegradable system antibacterial drug (cefotaxime) for bacterial infections in birds. There were formed 3 experimental and 1 control group of broiler chickens of the cross Cobb-500 daily age of 15 animals each. At the age of 10 days, the birds of group 1-3 were orally infected with virulent diurnal cultures of microorganisms: Clostridium perfringens. During the experiment, daily monitoring of the general condition and behavior of the birds, consumption of feed and water was carried out, the clinical status of the sick birds, the time of onset of positive dynamics and the time of recovery were evaluated. After completing the course of therapy, monitoring of the state of the birds continued for 7 days. After completion of the experiment, bacteriological examination showed that the use of cefotaxime at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 7 days does not eradicate Clostridium perfringens, while the use of cefotaxime based on chitosan and cefotaxime based on exosomes at a dose of 10 mg/kg provides 100% therapeutic efficiency.
Sheep productivity when probiotic feed additive “Amilocin” introduced into the diets
Authors: Arilov Anatoliy , Pogodaev Vladimir , Appaev Badma , Lidzhiev Eduard , Mashtykov Sanal 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study on the effect of probiotic feed additive “Amilotsin” on the productivity of pregnant ewes and castrate rams. The ewes who received the optimal level of Probiotic feed additive (PFA) “Amilotsin” in the diet throughout the entire experiment were significantly superior in their live weight to their analogues. Animals of the second group at the end of the experiment had a live weight higher by 3.4% than in the first and by 2.4% compared to the third group. The highest average daily gains during the study period were in ewes of the second group, then in animals of the third group. Castrate rams of the first experimental group treated with the composition of the basic diet of the feed additive “Amilotsin” in the amount of 0.38 and 0.19 g/kg of live weight per day during the entire experimental period had an average and absolute live weight higher than the control group, the second and the third experimental groups.
Microstructure of muscle tissue and its connection with slaughter and meat qualities of young rams of different genotype
Authors: Pogodaev Vladimir , Aduchiev Bator , Sergeeva Natalya 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The successful development of the world sheep breeding is due to its meat productivity. In this regard, dorper meat breed gained its popularity, which has good meat qualities. The aim of the paper was to study the histological structure of the longissimus muscle of back of young rams of Kalmyk fat-tailed breeds and hybrids (1/2 Kalmyk fat-tailed + ½ dorper), as well as to establish a correlation between histological indicators of muscle tissue and slaughter and meat qualities. The work was carried out in LLC “Agrofirma Aduchi”, Republic of Kalmykia in 2016-2017. It was found that the muscle tissue of crossbred young rams was characterized by a large number of muscle fibers per unit area, a smaller diameter of muscle fiber, a higher rating of “marbling”. The content of connective tissue was greater in purebred rams than in crossbred ones. The area of the “muscle eye” was larger in crossbred animals of the second group. In the animals of Kalmyk fat-tailed breed, the coefficient of variation in the number of muscle fibers per mm2 was high and made up of 7.36% for the overall assessment of “marbling” to 10.59%, the content of connective tissue – 5.94%, which is higher compared to crossbred animals. Muscle tissue of crossbreed young rams is characterized by significantly more muscle fibers per unit area, smaller diameter of muscle fiber, and a higher rating of “marbling”.
Correlation of superoxide dismutase activity distribution in serum and tissues of small experimental animals
Authors: Boriskin Pavel , Gulenko Olga , Deviatkin Anatoliy , Pavlova Olga , Toropovskiy Andrey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A necessary link in the life of any cell is lipid peroxidation. This process underlies the renewal and restructuring of biological membranes, regulation of their composition, permeability and activity of membrane-bound enzymes. The increase in the level of POL (peroxidation of lipids) leads to oxidative stress, which provokes the formation of various pathological conditions in the body. One of the main components of the antioxidant protection of the body is a group of metal enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalyzing the dismutation reaction of superoxide anion radicals and maintaining the concentration of these radicals in the cell at a low level. The mechanism of SOD functioning includes sequential renewal and oxidation of metal ions of variable valence in the active center of the enzyme. SOD is an endogenous acceptor of free oxygen radicals, the excessive accumulation of which in the cell is important in the development of a number of oxygen-dependent pathological processes (hypoxia, inflammation, intoxication, etc.). SOD removes superoxide radicals and prevents the formation of other, more dangerous for the body free radicals: hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen. The activity of superoxide dismutase in blood and tissues is a marker of metabolic disorders. During the study of the relationship of the distribution of catalase activity in serum and tissues of rats, the following tasks were solved: the activity of SOD in serum and tissues of the liver, brain, heart, as well as in skeletal muscle tissues of rats was indicated; the relationship of the distribution of SOD activity in serum and tissues of rats was revealed. The paper presents the results of nonparametric correlation analysis to assess the relationship of the distribution of SOD activity in serum and tissues of small experimental animals.
Directions of increasing the competitiveness of livestock products in Russia
Authors: Morozov Nikolay , Rasskazov Aleksandr 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The directions of increasing the efficiency of livestock production based on the use of advanced technology and controlled digital technologies for performing processes are considered. The influence of technological, technical, organizational and economic factors on the growth of product competitiveness is shown. The purpose of the study is the justification of a set of measures to increase the competitiveness of livestock products based on the implementation of engineering, technological, organizational, economic, and environmental factors. In recent years, milk production in the country has been ensured mainly by increasing the productivity of cows in agricultural organizations while reducing their numbers, and the tendency for a decrease in milk production in households is steadily continuing. One of the reasons for this is the low level of technical equipment of the facilities, due to the lack of specialized enterprises for the production of innovative equipment in the country, the slow pace of machine renewal, and the use of ineffective technologies for keeping and feeding animals. Measures have been proposed to increase the investment attractiveness of livestock and, especially, dairy cattle breeding, creating conditions for its growth. It was recommended to analyze and select the best investment projects for the creation and modernization of existing livestock breeding complexes and farms and take measures for their distribution, as well as take measures to revive specialized mechanical engineering for livestock breeding and develop a program for the technical equipment of livestock industries. The results of the study should be used in developing programs and directions for improving state support for livestock breeding, ensuring food security in Russia, and addressing issues of import substitution.
Effect of deformation on the stress-strain state of a honey extraction centrifuge flexible thread
Authors: Tarasov Denis , Konovalov Vladimir , Nekrashevich Vladimir , Mamonov Roman , Rodionov Yuri , Zaitsev Vladimir 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Composite materials are becoming increasingly useful in engineering practice. They allow considering work aspects in the elastoplastic field. This is especially important for the systems that are modeled on geometric non-linearity. These systems include constructions which bearing capacity is provided by flexible threads, such as wires in bee honeycombs. An example of such a construction is the described centrifuge for honey or beebread mass extraction from a honeycomb (honey extractor), using frames for honeycombs with reinforced flexible wire. Comparative studies were conducted using previously tested computer programs based on the methods of linear and non-linear calculation of flexible wires. The deformation values of flexible wires were determined with consideration of the rotation frequency of the centrifuge rotor. The diagrams of changes in maximum expansion stresses, elongation of the wire, sagging of the flexible wire, the moment of inertia of the elastic body, equivalent loads for the methods of linear and non-linear calculation of flexible wires at different rotor rotation frequency were developed. When modeling objects with a rotating flexible wire, it is possible to use methods of both physically non-linear calculation and more simple and accessible linear calculation. Using the latter method, the calculation results should be divided by nonlinearity coefficient.
Traction and energy efficiency tests of oligomeric tires for category 3 tractors
Authors: Melikov Izzet , Kravchenko Vladimir , Senkevich Sergey , Hasanova Elnara , Kravchenko Lyudmila 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The wheeled running gear of an agricultural tractor must have sufficient traction and coupling properties to ensure that the tractor fulfills its main function. The solution to these problems depends to a large extent on the search and implementation of measures for improving and developing new tire designs, which are the main element of the wheel drive that meets modern requirements. The developing of new pneumatic tires requires creating a new formulation of rubber and materials, the use of rubber-oligomeric compositions that allow implementing new, advanced technologies in the manufacture of tires. Currently, tires based on rubber-oligomeric compositions are being created. In particular, the Austrian company Lim developed a range of wide-section tires based on oligomers. As a result of tests of tires for class 3 tractors, it was determined that the oligomer tire 66×43.00-25 has the best traction and energy performance on all supporting foundations, compared to the serial tire 21.3R24.
Preconditions and conditions of creating organic production in the Baikal region
Authors: Tulokhonov Arnold , Mikheeva Anna , Ayusheeva Svetlana , Boldanov Tamir , Botoeva Nadezhda 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The economic growth associated with maximizing profits from the use of natural resources and the environment has exhausted itself. The ideology of organic farming implies an optimal combination of the interests of the rural population, consumers of environmentally friendly products and a healthy environment. In recent years, the idea of using a national Baikal brand in the food market has been widely demanded and relevant. Such a pioneer product is the production of bottled Baikal water that meets international quality standards. An obstacle to the wide access to the world market for this product is the legislative restrictions in most developed countries on the consumption of drinking water from open sources. However, the upcoming world water crisis will open up prospects for a wider use of Baikal water, primarily, in densely populated Asian countries. In recent years, breeding of native breeds of farm animals adapted to the local climate, which comply with the principles of organic farming, has been revived in the Baikal region. In addition, the proximity of the external export market determines the possible production of specific “halal” products that are targeted at Southeast Asian countries with a predominantly Muslim population. In Mongolia, practical steps have been taken to produce “religious-specific” organic products, including the national quality standard for “halal” products. The high quality of meat products based on pastoralism corresponds to the rules of kosher food. Strict laws of “kashrut” may correspond to beef and lamb, as well as high-quality fish products of endemic species of the Baikal basin. These factors give a particular specificity to the concept of organic products, which combine the quality of ecological products with the uniqueness of the Baikal brand, the national specificity of Buddhism culture and traditions of oriental culinary.
Justification of the parameters of the system for removing ammonia from the pig-breeding module
Authors: Khlystunov Victor , Braginets Sergey , Tokareva Anna , Panchenko Sergey , Yakushev Dmitry 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The issues of selecting parameters and operating modes of a system designed to remove ammonia from a pig-breeding module are considered. The aim of the work was to justify the scheme of the suction device layout of exhaust ventilation, which ensures the removal of ammonia from the animal keeping area at the lowest energy costs and maximum economic effect. The analysis of the effect of gases on the animal organism is carried out. The parameters of the exhaust ventilation system at the maximum air exchange in the pigsty are determined, taking into account the constantly changing parameters of the outdoor air and animal groups. Mathematical models are proposed that describe the dependences of changes in the radius of the spectrum and the active absorption front on the geometric and kinematic parameters of the harmful gas removal system. The method of comparing the layout of the suction pipes was used to identify the most effective scheme for removing ammonia from manure channels. The energy costs of using exhaust systems are determined. A technical and economic assessment of the proposed layout options for suction devices is given. Various layout options for suction devices are considered. Dependencies between the geometric and kinematic parameters of the system are established. Based on the feasibility study, the scheme of the ammonia removal system that provides the greatest economic effect is determined. The results can be used in the development of ammonia removal systems from pig-breeding facilities. The proposed mathematical models make it possible to determine the most rational arrangement of the suction devices for the most efficient removal of ammonia.
Use of green manure in organic farming
Authors: Mamiev Dmitry , Abaev Alan , Tedeeva Albina , Khokhoeva Natalya , Tedeeva Victoria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Green manure is an important source of replenishment the missing amount of organic and mineral fertilizers for modern agricultural enterprises. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the role of green manure crops in increasing soil fertility and crop productivity. The plowing of the green mass of the under-cover clover for green manure provided the optimum values of volumetric mass, porosity and air capacity, as well as higher moisture content in the soil layer of 0-30 cm. The intensity of cellulose decomposition in winter wheat crops 4 months after plowing of clover in the soil layer of 0-10 cm was 52.3%, of 10-20 cm was 50.9%. Subsequently, the yield of winter wheat according to the variant with clover green manure was higher than without green manure. The intensity of the negative impact of burning straw on soil fertility indicators depends on its mass, stubble moisture, and topsoil. Plowing straw and applying nitrogen fertilizers under the stubbly green manure crop - spring rape - contributed to an increase in organic matter, which positively affected the quality and yield of potato tubers. On average, for 3 years, the combined use of straw, nitrogen fertilizers and green manure contributed to obtaining the largest potato crop, while the increase in comparison with control was 34.0%.
Lifetime correction of quality indicators of pork
Authors: Shulaev Gennady , Milushev Rinat , Engovatov Vyacheslav , Betin Alexandr 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
For the first time, the composition of a feed additive from modern biologically active substances and natural components with a synergistic effect has been scientifically substantiated, which is capable of forming biologically complete, environmentally friendly products in animals at the final stage of growing (a month before slaughter). This additive consists of,%: 95.5 – micronized full fat soya (source of leucine – controller of adipopexis), 3.5 – betaine (osmoprotection moisture retention in muscle tissue), 0.3 – L-carnitine (an activator of energy metabolism), 0.7 – Lisofort (emulsifier of fats, improving its digestion). It was found that the use of a functional feed additive in the amount of 2.0% 30 days before slaughter of pigs increases its productivity by 9.3%, reduces feed costs for products by 8.4%. In muscle tissue, fat content increased by 0.85 %, characterizing the improvement of “marbling” of meat. The moisture-binding ability increased by 8.0%, the color intensity by 5.0 units of extinction, and a protein-quality indicator of meat due to an increase of 4.68% in the content of essential amino acids. The economic efficiency of the use of functional feed additives for the final fattening of pigs was calculated.
Comparative assessment of the efficiency of light traps of various design in corn agrocenosis
Authors: Pachkin Alexey , Kremneva Oksana , Popov Igor , Zelensky Roman , Kurilov Artem , Danilov Roman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The North Caucasus region in its natural and climatic conditions is a zone favorable for the cultivation of corn in Russia. Significant damage to corn plantings and crop quality is caused by a variety of pests. In connection with the annual crop losses caused by harmful insects, the development of methods for their monitoring and capture are relevant. The efficiency test of two designs of light traps based on super bright LEDs (conical and aspiration) was performed. As a result of the experiment, which lasted for two weeks, more than 260 thousand specimens of insects belonging to 8 orders and 27 families were captured. The traps were most attractive for the representatives of the coleoptera, the proportion of which was 97.5%. Traps were also highly effective in relation to Lepidoptera (1%) and Hemoptera (1.4%). Representatives of other taxa were caught in much smaller quantities; their total share was less than 0.1% of the total. The use of test traps showed their high efficiency for the elimination of the main lepidopteran maize pests - Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. and Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., which allows them to be used not only for monitoring but also for plant protection. The low attractiveness of traps for Hymenoptera was also revealed, which allows combining their use in the system with the use of entomophages. A comparative assessment of the effectiveness of attracting insects with various designs of light traps in the corn agrocenosis showed the absence of significant differences in species diversity and mathematically significant differences in the number of attracted insects: the conical trap was almost two times more effective.
Problems and status of innovative development of agriculture in Russia
Authors: Rodionova Irina , Kolotyrin Konstantin , Labaznova Elena , Serdyukova Larisa , Slavnetskova Lyudmila 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of innovative development of agriculture in Russia. Innovations are becoming a determining factor in upgrading the efficiency of economic development under conditions when market dynamics undergo revolutionary changes. An integral component of innovation processes is an unbiased assessment of the current state and dynamics of innovation indicators. However, the existing methodology and approaches to estimating innovative development at the macroeconomic level do not provide an objective account of implementation of the given process regarding particular sectors of the economy. The methodology of this research is based on the works of Russian and foreign economists, national laws and regulations, the Oslo Manual on the nature, content and measurement of innovative potential, as well as materials from periodicals on assessment of innovations, and scientific approaches to the study of innovative advancement in agriculture. Specific factors discouraging the process of introducing innovations in agriculture have been revealed. Analysis of key indicators demonstrating the level of innovative development is performed. The ways of increasing performance of innovative activity in agricultural sector are proposed. The prioritized measures for increasing innovation activity in agriculture were formulated. The measures needed to create a multi-level system of training and retraining specialists employed in agribusiness and measures for the development of institutional infrastructure for innovations, development and adoption of legislative and normative acts regulating and stimulating innovative activity have been proposed.
Distribution of river sediment in channels
Authors: Arifjanov Aybek , Samiev Luqmon , Apakhodjaeva Tursunoy , Akmalov Shamshodbek 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article reviews the methods for calculating the distribution of river sediments in channels. As a result of the analysis, initial methods for the distribution of sediments on the channels was developed for straight and unstable rivers. A mathematical model that describes the distribution of river sediments during uneven movement in the structures has been developed. The distinctive feature of this model is that the distribution of sediments in the stream depends on the fractions. In the hydraulic structures, a mathematical model of turbulent flow was proposed during the uneven movement and based on this model; a method of calculating sediment distribution was developed in a non-linear motion. Comparative analysis of model of calculation of river sediments in constructions was verified with analysis of natural field conditions. The analysis of the results shows that the difference between the measured values and calculated values is 4-8%.