bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Two Methods for Sampling Bluegill and Redear Sunfish in Small Impoundments
Authors: Porta Michael J. , Snow Richard A. , Shoup Daniel E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus and Redear Sunfish L. microlophus are highly regarded recreational species throughout North America. Management of these species relies on sampling methods that accurately and efficiently describe population characteristics of the target population. Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides and crappies Pomoxis spp. are commonly sampled with spring electrofishing and fall fyke netting, respectively. If lepomids can be effectively sampled concurrently with Largemouth Bass or crappies with one of these sampling methods, it would improve sampling efficiency in small impoundments. Our objective was to compare two sampling methods (North American standard fyke netting and electrofishing) for sampling Bluegill and Redear Sunfish populations in small impoundments by comparing size structure, sampling precision (relative standard error), and sampling efficiency (effort needed to collect 125 stock-length fish). Typically, spring electrofishing caught a wider size range of Bluegill and Redear Sunfish than fyke nets, but proportional size distribution was similar between gears. However, length frequencies differed between gears in all impoundments for Bluegill and in three of five impoundments for Redear Sunfish. Electrofishing typically caught a greater proportion of large lepomids than fyke nets in those cases, though the differences were subtle and management decisions would likely be similar using data from either gear. With the exception of Pawhuska Lake (which had low catch rates leading to poor precision for both species and both gears), catch rates were typically high enough to collect sufficient numbers (125 stock-length fish) of Bluegill to adequately describe size structure with 5–20 net-nights for fyke nets or 4–28 transects for electrofishing, but Redear Sunfish sampling would require considerably more sampling effort to produce sufficient amounts of fish in most cases (24–79 net-nights for fyke nets or 12–57 transects for electrofishing). Spring electrofishing is the more precise (lower relative standard error) of the two sampling methods for collecting lepomids.
The convergence of nanotechnology‐stem cell, nanotopography‐mechanobiology, and biotic‐abiotic interfaces: Nanoscale tools for tackling the top killer, arteriosclerosis, strokes, and heart attacks
Authors: Kumar Rajiv , Gulia Kiran 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe nanotechnology‐stem cell has enabled the engineering of nanotopographical surfaces for mimicking the topological features of nano‐stem cell interfaces and stem cell niches. The nanotechnology‐stem cell, an abiotic–biotic model, the impact of the multi‐functional materials underlying support on nanomaterials interactions with stem cells plays a significant role in the development of the nanoscale tools for tracking the top killer, arteriosclerosis, strokes, and heart attacks. The biomimetic topographical surfaces, employed in cell mechanobiology (cell adhesions, migrations, and differentiation) and tissue engineering. The conformational features of the scaffold (ridges, grooves, whorls, pits, and pores, and symmetry) alter stem cell behavior and differentiation. Biomedical engineering is offering promises and explaining how the convergence of nanotechnology and stem cells has emerged as novel therapeutics. The analysis of mechanotransduction and tissue engineering is the key factor, which altogether influence the stem cell niche, can be considered for originating nanno‐stem cell interface, and a useful remedy for treating cardiovascular diseases. The Hippo pathway underlined the signaling cascade responsible for inhibiting cell proliferation. Notch signaling is a key pathway that regulates the modulation of cardiomyocyte survival, cardiac stem cell differentiation. The Wnt/β‐catenin signaling involved in chronic infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II), cardiomyocytes, and cardiac fibroblasts.
Internet‐based interventions for postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mu Ting‐Yu , Li Yu‐Hong , Xu Ri‐Xiang , Chen Jun , Wang Ya‐Ya , Shen Cui‐Zhen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTo determine the efficacy of Internet‐based interventions in decreasing the prevalence of postpartum depression in perinatal women.DesignThis review was conducted according to the standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement.MethodsWe performed a systematic meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of Internet‐based interventions for postpartum depression. Studies (2008–2018) were identified through a search conducted on PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Risk ratios or weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a fixed‐effects model or a random‐effects model. Stata software 11.0 was used to perform the meta‐analysis.ResultsMost of the seven eligible studies were randomized controlled trials. The random‐effects model indicated that Internet‐based interventions significantly improved postpartum depression (d = 0.642, N = 7). Attrition rates ranged from 4.5%–86.9% and from 0%–87.1% for the intervention and control groups, respectively.
The pre‐efficacy phase testing for PAfitME™—A behavioral physical activity intervention to manage moderate and severe symptoms among advanced stage cancer patients
Authors: Wang Hsiao‐Lan , Donovan Kristine A. , Rajasekhara Sahana , Padhya Tapan , Buck Harleah G. , Szalacha Laura , Chang J. Morris , Brown Jaelyn D. , Smith Barbara 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFatigue and pain are the most frequently reported symptoms among advanced‐stage cancer patients. Although physical activity (PA) is known to improve the aforementioned symptoms, few patients demonstrate the physically active behavior that adheres to the clinical guidelines regarding PA. The current article presents an exemplar that used the National Institute of Health's Obesity‐Related Behavioral Intervention Trial (ORBIT) model and developed a behavioral intervention known as the personalized Physical Activity intervention with fitness graded Motion Exergames (PAfitME™). There were two phases of testing in the ORBIT model presented in the current paper. In Phase I testing, a standardized exergame prescription was evaluated by an advisory board and a single‐case study was used to evaluate the personalized exergame prescription with personalization of the fitness levels. In Phase IIa, a within‐group pre‐ and posttest design was used to evaluate the personalized exergame prescriptions with personalization of the fitness levels, self‐efficacy, and variation in fatigue/pain. Subsequently, a complete intervention package was developed in accordance with a logic model, driven from the result of the Phase IIa testing with clinically significant findings. Currently, PAfitME™ is under Phase IIb testing in a randomized clinical trial with a control group. PAfitME™ employs a personalized approach to initiate and promote physically active behavior, to facilitate the management of fatigue and pain in cancer patients. Positive results from an efficacy trial would support the use of PAfitME™ in the management of fatigue and pain in advanced‐stage cancer patients.
Measured and accounted‐for confounding in pharmacoepidemiologic studies: Some thoughts for practitioners
Authors: Roy Jason , Mitra Nandita 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground: Valid causal inference from observational pharmacoepidemiologic studies relies on adequately adjusting for confounding.Aims: The goal of this article is to provide clarity and guidance on issues related to confounding and provide motivation for using more flexible models for causal inference in pharmacoepidemiology.Materials & Methods: In this article we elucidate two important components of making valid inference from observational data: measuring the necessary set of variables at the design/data collection phase (measured confounding) and properly accounting for confounding at the modeling/analysis phase (accounted‐for confounding). For the latter concept, we contrast parametric modeling approaches, which are susceptible to model misspecification bias, with data adaptive approaches.Discussion: Both measuring and properly accounting for confounding is critical to obtaining valid causal inference from pharmacoepidemiology studies. Carefully thought out DAGs, based on subject matter knowledge, can help to better identify confounders and confounding. Even when confounding has been adequately measured, mis‐specified models may lead to unaccounted for confounding and increasing the sample size often does not help. We recommend modern analytic techniques such as flexible data adaptive approaches that do not rely on strong parametric assumptions. Further, sensitivity analyses and other modern bounding approaches are recommended to account for the effects of unmeasured confounding.Conclusion: Confounding must be considered at both the design and analysis stages of a study. DAGs and data adaptive approaches can help.
Robust semiactive control of a half‐car vehicle suspension system with magnetorheological dampers: Quantitative feedback theory approach with dynamic decoupler
Authors: Jeyasenthil Ramamurthy , Yoon Dal‐Seong , Choi Seung‐Bok , Kim Gi‐Woo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article presents the quantitative feedback theory (QFT) based multivariable controller for the vertical and the pitch angle motion of a half‐car suspension system. A coupled half‐car system with significant uncertainty, due to sprung masses variation, poses a challenging control problem. Multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) QFT method is used for this purpose which involves converting the actual MIMO system into an equivalent single‐input single‐output (SISO) system so that the design problem is carried out using the SISO QFT principles. The proposed idea is centered on by converting the coupled MIMO system into a decoupled one using the dynamic decoupler where in controllers are designed independently based on the equivalent SISO system. The designed QFT‐based controllers with the decoupler use the semiactive suspension strategy (realized using the magnetorheological (MR) damper) to reduce the vibration of the half‐car suspension system (in vertical/pitch angular motion) and hence to increase the ride comfort and the vehicle road holding. The feedback cost is less in the proposed design than the sequential QFT design. In this study, the MR damper dynamics is captured by the first‐order model which is realistic, efficient, and simple form. Extensive comparative simulation studies are carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design over the existing methods such as passive and skyhook control under different road excitation.
Aquatic habitat changes within the channelized and impounded Arkansas River, Arkansas, USA
Authors: Spurgeon Jonathan , Rhodes Mike , Neal J. Wesley , Evans Kristine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRiver‐wide changes in morphologic character following channelization and impoundment alter the occurrence and distribution of surface water and available habitats for aquatic organisms. Quantifying patterns of creation, redistribution or disappearance of habitats at river‐wide and decadal spatiotemporal scales can promote understanding regarding trajectories of different habitat types following alteration and prospects of direct habitat enhancement projects within altered alluvial rivers. Newly available remote‐sensing tools and databases may improve detection of river‐wide changes in habitat through time. We used a combination of remote‐sensing data and generalized linear models to assess changes in surface water coverage from 1984 to 2015 among aquatic habitats of 496 km of the Arkansas River within Arkansas, USA. Changes through time in surface area of permanent and episodically inundated areas — and thus the availability of aquatic habitat — were variable along the river. Overall, the river lost a total 2.1% of permanent and 12.1% of episodic water surface area. The general trend of loss of off‐main‐channel habitat and increased coverage of permanent water along main‐channel habitats may indicate a long‐term transition (i.e. ramp‐type disturbance) within areas of the Arkansas River where backwaters are transitioning to terrestrial environments, and habitat heterogeneity in the main channel is decreasing. As such, a decadal‐scale change of channel form and backwater habitats may be the dominant pattern with limited regeneration of diverse habitat types. Understanding changes to permanent and episodic water availability may aid predictions regarding ecological effects of channelization and impoundments, including both increases and decreases in riverine productivity, biotic diversity and population abundances through space and time. Water resource managers and biologists can use information regarding river‐wide changes in habitat availability obtained through remote sensing data to direct river management practices, including dredging and side‐channel construction, and to assess ecological responses to such changes.
A Multichannel Flexible Optoelectronic Fiber Device for Distributed Implantable Neurological Stimulation and Monitoring
Authors: Yu Jingxian , Ling Wei , Li Ya , Ma Ning , Wu Ziyue , Liang Rong , Pan Huizhuo , Liu Wentao , Fu Bo , Wang Kun , Li Chenxi , Wang Hanjie , Peng Hui , Ning Baoan , Yang Jiajia , Huang Xian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOptical fibers made of polymeric materials possess high flexibility that can potentially integrate with flexible electronic devices to realize complex functions in biology and neurology. Here, a multichannel flexible device based on four individually addressable optical fibers transfer‐printed with flexible electronic components and controlled by a wireless circuit is developed. The resulting device offers excellent mechanics that is compatible with soft and curvilinear tissues, and excellent diversity through switching different light sources. The combined configuration of optical fibers and flexible electronics allows optical stimulation in selective wavelengths guided by the optical fibers, while conducting distributed, high‐throughput biopotential sensing using the flexible microelectrode arrays. The device has been demonstrated in vivo with rats through optical stimulation and simultaneously monitoring of spontaneous/evoked spike signals and local field potentials using 32 microelectrodes in four brain regions. Biocompatibility of the device has been characterized by behavior and immunohistochemistry studies, demonstrating potential applications of the device in long‐term animal studies. The techniques to integrate flexible electronics with optical fibers may inspire the development of more flexible optoelectronic devices for sophisticated applications in biomedicine and biology.
Network traffic prediction method based on echo state network with adaptive reservoir
Authors: Zhou Jian , Wang Haoming , Xiao Fu , Yan Xiaoyong , Sun Lijuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNetwork traffic prediction is of great significance to resource management in cyber‐physical systems (CPSs). In particular, network traffic is a nonlinear time series. Echo state network (ESN) is a new neural network with strong nonlinear processing capacity and short‐term memory capacity, and thus can achieve good performance in predicting nonlinear time series. However, network traffic has various characteristics such as self‐similarity, chaos, mutability. As the core of ESN, the reservoir will be fixed rather than adjustable once it is generated, which limits the prediction performance of ESN in different network traffic. To achieve universal excellent prediction performance, this paper proposes a new network traffic prediction method based on ESN with adaptive reservoir (ESN‐AR). First, the framework of ESN‐AR is constructed for network traffic prediction, in which the idea of generative adversarial network (GAN) is incorporated into ESN to adaptively adjust the reservoir. Specifically, ESN is used as the generative model to predict network traffic and feedforward neural network (FNN) is used as the discriminative model to distinguish between the real network traffic and the predicted network traffic. Second, the adversarial training algorithm of ESN‐AR is proposed to obtain the appropriate reservoir depending on the network traffic characteristics. Finally, ESN‐AR is applied to the prediction of three actual network traffic with different characteristics. Simulation results show that compared with the state‐of‐the‐art models, the proposed method achieves more accurate and stable prediction performance.
Multispecies justice: Climate‐just futures with, for and beyond humans
Authors: Tschakert Petra , Schlosberg David , Celermajer Danielle , Rickards Lauren , Winter Christine , Thaler Mathias , Stewart‐Harawira Makere , Verlie Blanche 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn 2019, the climate emergency entered mainstream debates. The normative frame of climate justice as conceived in academia, policy arenas, and grassroots action, although imperative and growing in popularity across climate movements, is no longer adequate to address this emergency. This is for two reasons: first, as a framing for the problem, current notions of climate justice are insufficient to overcome the persistent silencing of voices belonging to multiple “others”; and second, they do not question, and thus implicitly condone, human exceptionalism and the violence it enacts, historically and in this era of the Anthropocene. Therefore, we advocate for the concept of multispecies justice to enrich climate justice in order to more effectively confront the climate crisis. The advantage of reconceptualizing climate justice in this way is that it becomes more inclusive; it acknowledges the differential histories and practices of social, environmental, and ecological harm, while opening just pathways into uncertain futures. A multispecies justice lens expands climate justice by decentering the human and by recognizing the everyday interactions that bind individuals and societies to networks of close and distant others, including other people and more‐than‐human beings. Such a relational lens provides a vital scientific, practical, material, and ethical road map for navigating the complex responsibilities and politics in the climate crisis. Most importantly, it delineates what genuine flourishing could mean, what systemic transformations may involve (and with whom), how to live with inevitable and possibly intolerable losses, and how to prefigure and enact alternative and just futures.This article is categorized under:
Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Climate Change and Global Justice
Azimuthal single- and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering by transversely polarized protons
Authors:   The HERMES Collaboration, Airapetian A. , Akopov N. , Akopov Z. , Aschenauer E. C. , Augustyniak W. , Avakian R. , Bacchetta A. , Belostotski S. , Bryzgalov V. , Capitani G. P. , Cisbani E. , Ciullo G. , Contalbrigo M. , Deconinck W. , De Leo R. , De Sanctis E. , Diefenthaler M. , Di Nezza P. , Düren M. , Elbakian G. , Ellinghaus F. , Fantoni A. , Felawka L. , Gavrilov G. , Gharibyan V. , Hasch D. , Holler Y. , Ivanilov A. , Jackson H. E. , Joosten S. , Kaiser R. , Karyan G. , Kinney E. , Kisselev A. , Kozlov V. , Kravchenko P. , Lagamba L. , Lapikás L. , Lehmann I. , Lenisa P. , Lorenzon W. , Manaenkov S. I. , Marianski B. , Marukyan H. , Miyachi Y. , Movsisyan A. , Muccifora V. , Naryshkin Y. , Nass A. , Nazaryan G. , Nowak W.-D. , Pappalardo L. L. , Reimer P. E. , Reolon A. R. , Riedl C. , Rith K. , Rosner G. , Rostomyan A. , Rubin J. , Ryckbosch D. , Schäfer A. , Schnell G. , Seitz B. , Shibata T.-A. , Shutov V. , Statera M. , Terkulov A. , Tytgat M. , Van Haarlem Y. , Van Hulse C. , Veretennikov D. , Vilardi I. , Yaschenko S. , Zeiler D. , Zihlmann B. , Zupranski P. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A comprehensive set of azimuthal single-spin and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive leptoproduction of pions, charged kaons, protons, and antiprotons from transversely polarized protons is presented. These asymmetries include the previously published HERMES results on Collins and Sivers asymmetries, the analysis of which has been extended to include protons and antiprotons and also to an extraction in a three-dimensional kinematic binning and enlarged phase space. They are complemented by corresponding results for the remaining four single-spin and four double-spin asymmetries allowed in the one-photon-exchange approximation of the semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering process for target-polarization orientation perpendicular to the direction of the incoming lepton beam. Among those results, significant non-vanishing cos (ϕ−ϕS) modulations provide evidence for a sizable worm-gear (II) distribution, $$ {g}_{1\mathrm{T}}^q\left(x,{\mathrm{p}}_T^2\right) $$

g

1
T

q

x

p
T
2

. Most of the other modulations are found to be consistent with zero with the notable exception of large sin (ϕS) modulations for charged pions and K+.
Global electroweak fit and vector-like leptons in light of the Cabibbo angle anomaly
Authors: Crivellin Andreas , Kirk Fiona , Manzari Claudio Andrea , Montull Marc 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe “Cabibbo Angle Anomaly” (CAA) originates from the disagreement between the CKM elementsVudandVusextracted from superallowed beta and kaon decays, respectively, once compared via CKM unitarity. It points towards new physics with a significance of up to 4σ, depending on the theoretical input used, and can be explained through modifiedWcouplings to leptons. In this context, vector-like leptons (VLLs) are prime candidates for a corresponding UV completion since they can affectWℓνcouplings at tree-level, such that this modification can have the dominant phenomenological impact. In order to consistently assess agreement data, a global fit is necessary which we perform for gauge-invariant dimension-6 operators and all patterns obtained for the six possible representations (under the SM gauge group) of VLLs. We find that even in the lepton flavour universal case, including the measurements of the CKM elementsVusandVudinto the electroweak fit has a relevant impact, shifting the best fit point significantly. Concerning the VLLs we discuss the bounds from charged lepton flavour violating processes and observe that a single representation cannot describe experimental data significantly better than the SM hypothesis. However, allowing for several representations of VLLs at the same time, we find that the simple scenario in whichNcouples to electrons via the Higgs and Σ1couples to muons not only explains the CAA but also improves the rest of the electroweak fit in such a way that its best fit point is preferred by more than 4σwith respect to the begin.
Pentagon functions for scattering of five massless particles
Authors: Chicherin D. , Sotnikov V. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe complete the analytic calculation of the full set of two-loop Feynman integrals required for computation of massless five-particle scattering amplitudes. We employ the method of canonical differential equations to construct a minimal basis set of transcendental functions,pentagon functions, which is sufficient to express all planar and nonplanar massless five-point two-loop Feynman integrals in the whole physical phase space. We find analytic expressions for pentagon functions which are manifestly free of unphysical branch cuts. We present a public library for numerical evaluation of pentagon functions suitable for immediate phenomenological applications.