bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myocardial work assessment in severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Jain Renuka , Bajwa Tanvir , Roemer Sarah , Huisheree Hillary , Allaqaband Suhail Q , Kroboth Stacie , Perez Moreno Ana Cristina , Tajik A Jamil , Khandheria Bijoy K 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aims
Myocardial work is a novel echocardiographic algorithm that corrects speckle-tracking-derived global longitudinal strain (GLS) for afterload using non-invasive systolic blood pressure as a surrogate for left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP). Yet, in patients with severe aortic stenosis, non-invasive systolic blood pressure does not equal LVSP.

Methods and results
We evaluated 35 patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Transthoracic echocardiography, including myocardial mechanics, was performed pre- and post-TAVR. We performed simultaneous echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization measurements in 23 of the 35 patients at the time of TAVR. Peak and mean aortic gradients were calculated from echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization data. Peak-to-peak LV-aortic gradient correlated highly with mean LV-aortic gradient (r = 0.96); measured LVSP correlated highly with our novel method of non-invasively estimated LVSP (non-invasive systolic blood pressure cuff + Doppler-derived mean aortic gradient, r = 0.92). GLS improved from pre- to post-TAVR (−14.2% ± 4.3 vs. −15.1% ± 3.2), and myocardial work reduced from corrected pre-TAVR to post-TAVR (global work index: 1856.2 mmHg% ± 704.6 vs. 1534.8 ± 385.0).

Conclusion
We propose that non-invasive assessment of myocardial work can be reliably performed in aortic stenosis by the addition of mean aortic gradient to non-invasive systolic blood pressure. From this analysis, we note the novel and unique finding that GLS can improve as myocardial work reduces post-TAVR in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Both GLS and myocardial work post-TAVR remain below normal values, requiring further studies.
A case report of ethanol infusion in the vein of Marshall using the right jugular vein approach
Authors: Philibert Severine , Amet Denis , De Chirac Margaux , Laurent Gabriel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Ethanol infusion has recently been described as a curative strategy for certain peri-mitral flutters by blocking electrical conduction across the mitral isthmus along with the Marshall bundle. The present case showed that a right jugular vein approach, less described, may be a good choice when performing an ethanol infusion in the vein of Marshall (VOM).

Case summary
A 45-year-old man was admitted to our unit for dyspnoea associated with an atypical atrial flutter with a cycle length of 320 ms. The left atrial activation map showed a peri-mitral counter-clockwise circuit. The atrial flutter cycle length went up to 345 ms once an endocardial and epicardial point-by point-ablation of the mitral line was completed. At this stage, a new activation map showed that the mitral line was still permeable with an epicardial conduction bridge through the VOM. We decided to use an ethanol infusion for the ablation of the VOM. The coronary sinus could not be thoroughly catheterized due to a winding and angular shape so we decided to try a right jugular vein approach. A total of 9 mL of ethanol was injected into the VOM. A final venogram showed the diffusion of ethanol around the VOM. Sinus rhythm was restored during the last ethanol infusion. A new voltage map confirmed the completion of the mitral line, and we confirmed the bidirectional block.

Discussion
The present case showed that a right jugular vein approach may be a good choice when catheterizing and performing an ethanol infusion in the VOM.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of 821 Older Patients With SARS-Cov-2 Infection Admitted to Acute Care Geriatric Wards
Authors: Zerah Lorène , Baudouin Édouard , Pépin Marion , Mary Morgane , Krypciak Sébastien , Bianco Céline , Roux Swasti , Gross Ariane , Toméo Charlotte , Lemarié Nadège , Dureau Antoine , Bastiani Sophie , Ketz Flora , Boully Clémence , de Villelongue Cédric , Romdhani Mouna , Desoutter Marie-Astrid , Duron Emmanuelle , David Jean-Philippe , Thomas Caroline , Paillaud Elena , de Malglaive Pauline , Bouvard Eric , Lacrampe Mathilde , Mercadier Elise , Monti Alexandra , Hanon Olivier , Fossey-Diaz Virginie , Bourdonnec Lauriane , Riou Bruno , Vallet Hélène , Boddaert Jacques 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
There is limited information describing the characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized older patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Method
We conducted a multicentric retrospective cohort study in 13 acute COVID-19 geriatric wards, from March 13 to April 15, 2020, in Paris area. All consecutive patients aged 70 years and older, with confirmed COVID-19, were enrolled.

Results
Of the 821 patients included in the study, the mean (SD) age was 86 (7) years; 58% were female; 85% had ≥2 comorbidities; 29% lived in an institution; and the median [interquartile range] Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL) score was 4 [2–6]. The most common symptoms at COVID-19 onset were asthenia (63%), fever (55%), dyspnea (45%), dry cough (45%), and delirium (25%). The in-hospital mortality was 31% (95% confidence interval [CI] 27–33). On multivariate analysis, at COVID-19 onset, the probability of in-hospital mortality was increased with male gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.85; 95% CI 1.30–2.63), ADL score &lt;4 (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.25–2.70), asthenia (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.08–2.32), quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score ≥2 (OR 2.63; 95% CI 1.64–4.22), and specific COVID-19 anomalies on chest computerized tomography (OR 2.60; 95% CI 1.07–6.46).

Conclusions
This study provides new information about older patients with COVID-19 who are hospitalized. A quick bedside evaluation at admission of sex, functional status, systolic arterial pressure, consciousness, respiratory rate, and asthenia can identify older patients at risk of unfavorable outcomes.
Longitudinal Analysis of Psychosocial Stressors and Body Mass Index in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Cuevas Adolfo G , Greatorex-Voith Siobhan , Assari Shervin , Slopen Natalie , Economos Christina D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Psychosocial stress may be a risk factor for obesity and overweight in middle-aged and older adults. However, research on psychosocial stress and excess body weight has typically been cross-sectional and focused on single stressors.

Methods
Using 3 waves of data from the Health and Retirement Study, we conducted longitudinal analyses to assess associations between 5 psychosocial stressors—individually and in combination—and body mass index (BMI), adjusting for sociodemographic factors, alcohol use, and smoking history. We tested interaction effects between race and gender with stressors on BMI.

Results
A total of 3,956 participants were included in the main analyses. Most participants were White (88.04%) and more than half were female (60.39%). Perceived discrimination, financial stress, and relationship stress were positively associated with BMI. A greater cumulative stress burden was associated with higher BMI. In stratified analyses, greater financial stress was associated with higher BMI among White participants, whereas greater neighborhood stress was associated with lower BMI among Black participants. Greater relationship stress, financial stress, cumulative high stress, and overall cumulative stress burden were associated with higher BMI for women, but not men.

Discussion
Different sources of stress may be risk factors to weight gain and affect BMI in adults. White and female adults may be more susceptible to the obesogenic effects of stressors. Reducing exposure to stress may help reduce the burden of high BMI among middle-aged and older adults.
Hi-C chromosome conformation capture sequencing of avian genomes using the BGISEQ-500 platform
Authors: Sandoval-Velasco Marcela , Rodríguez Juan Antonio , Perez Estrada Cynthia , Zhang Guojie , Lieberman Aiden Erez , Marti-Renom Marc A , Gilbert M Thomas P , Smith Oliver 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Hi-C experiments couple DNA-DNA proximity with next-generation sequencing to yield an unbiased description of genome-wide interactions. Previous methods describing Hi-C experiments have focused on the industry-standard Illumina sequencing. With new next-generation sequencing platforms such as BGISEQ-500 becoming more widely available, protocol adaptations to fit platform-specific requirements are useful to give increased choice to researchers who routinely generate sequencing data.

Results
We describe an in situ Hi-C protocol adapted to be compatible with the BGISEQ-500 high-throughput sequencing platform. Using zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) as a biological sample, we demonstrate how Hi-C libraries can be constructed to generate informative data using the BGISEQ-500 platform, following circularization and DNA nanoball generation. Our protocol is a modification of an Illumina-compatible method, based around blunt-end ligations in library construction, using un-barcoded, distally overhanging double-stranded adapters, followed by amplification using indexed primers. The resulting libraries are ready for circularization and subsequent sequencing on the BGISEQ series of platforms and yield data similar to what can be expected using Illumina-compatible approaches.

Conclusions
Our straightforward modification to an Illumina-compatible in situHi-C protocol enables data generation on the BGISEQ series of platforms, thus expanding the options available for researchers who wish to utilize the powerful Hi-C techniques in their research.
Comparative ethnographies of medical research: materiality, social relations, citizenship and hope in Tanzania and Sierra Leone
Authors: Lees Shelley , Enria Luisa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper we bring together ethnographic research carried out during two clinical prevention trials to explore identities, relations and political imaginations that were brought to life by these different technologies. We highlight the ways in which critical anthropological engagement in clinical trials can help us radically reconsider the parameters and standards of medical research. In the paper we analyse the very different circumstances that made these two trials possible, highlighting the different temporalities and politics of HIV and Ebola as epidemics. We then describe four themes revealed by ethnographic research with participants and their communities but mediated by the specific sociopolitical contexts in which the trials were taking place. In both countries we found materiality and notions of exchange to be important to participants’ understanding of the value of medical research and their role within it. These dynamics were governed through social relations and moral economies that also underpinned challenges to Western notions of research ethics. The clinical trials offered a language to express both disaffection and disillusionment with the political status quo (often through rumours and anxieties) while at the same time setting the foundations for alternative visions of citizenship. Attached to these were expressions of ‘uncertainty and hope’ steeped in locally distinctive notions of destiny and expectations of the future.
Experience in Management of Burn Injury During Pregnancy in a Burn Unit
Authors: Correia-Sá Inês , Marques Marisa , Horta Ricardo , Costa-Ferreira António , Rodrigues Acácio G , Silva Álvaro , Egipto Paula 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Burns injuries during pregnancy are rarely reported in developed countries, but an increasing in mortality and morbidity has been observed. The authors describe their experience in the treatment of pregnant women in a burn unit. A 12-year retrospective study of burns in pregnant women hospitalized was conducted. Since 2008, two pregnant women were admitted in their unit. Patient 1, a 32-year-old pregnant woman on second trimester (27s6d), suffered a second-degree burn injury, 16% total body surface area (TBSA), caused by fire. She was admitted in their burn unit and submitted to medical treatment, wound dressing, and surgical treatment. Cerium nitrate and silver sulfadiazine were used in burn lesions and the patient was submitted to debridement and skin graft surgery. No uneventful events occurred with the fetus. Patient 2 was a 32-year-old pregnant woman on second trimester (26s), HVC positive, admitted with a second-degree flash burn, 8% TBSA. She was submitted to endotracheal intubation before arriving to the hospital due to risk of airway burn. Dexamethasone was administered for fetus lung maturation. No uneventful events were observed. The incidence of thermal injury in pregnancy in Portugal is low. Active medical treatment together with conservative wound care should be the standard in each trimester of pregnancy. Although there is limited safety information on cerium nitrate or silver sulfadiazine during pregnancy, those were used with no adverse effects on one of their patients. Obstetrical management should be individualized.
Analyzing industrial policy regimes within global production networks: the Ethiopian leather industry
Authors: Grumiller Jan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article contributes to debates on how to broaden and deepen our understanding of the interrelationships between the state and global production networks (GPNs). It proposes that combining the GPN framework and the developmental regime perspective based on a strategic-relational conceptualization of institutions allows for better assessment of the interrelationship between the strategies of (supplier) firms and industrial policy institutions that (re)structure the dynamically changing, interrelated and multiscalar institutional underpinnings of states and GPNs, with important implications for upgrading and coupling processes. Empirically, the article presents a case study of the Ethiopian leather industry.
How to Reach a Safe Circular Economy?—Perspectives on Reconciling the Waste, Product and Chemicals Regulation
Authors: Alaranta Joonas , Turunen Topi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the regulation of ‘substances of concern’ in the circular economy (CE) in the European Union (EU). It analyses the tensions and obstacles that the present sectoral separation of waste, product and chemicals legislation sets for the development of the CE. We argue that in a longer term perspective the aim should be to erase the border between waste and chemicals regulation and create a single regime for the regulation of materials and their flow. However, the eventual aim of such non-toxic material circulation can be achieved only via precautious transitional measures that outweigh the costs and benefits of each material flow and set restrictions for the particular substances of concern. Regulatory actions addressing the risks posed by the substances of concern in the waste-based material flows are urgently needed. New measures are necessary to protect human health and the environment and to support the development of the markets for the secondary materials.
A Revision of Parasecia (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae) With a Description of a New Species, a New Genus and a Key to Species
Authors: Bassini-Silva Ricardo , Jacinavicius Fernando de Castro , Oliveira Mariana , Peinado Laura Contreras , Faxina Claudenice , Moreira-Lima Luciano , Welbourn Cal , Ochoa Ronald , Fischer Erich , Hingst-Zaher Erika , Famadas Kátia M , Faccini João Luiz Horacio , Barros-Battesti Darci Moraes 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChiggers of the genus Parasecia Loomis parasitize birds, mammals, and reptiles in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions. In the present review, we examined 18 species previously included in the genus, 15 of them being retained in the genus Parasecia, one genus is created, Nahuacarus bulbocalcarn. gen. (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae), and new combinations are proposed for two species: Lorillatum lasiurusn. comb. and Lorillatum orphanan. comb. (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae). In addition, Parasecia kansasensis (Loomis) (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae) is synonymized with Parasecia gurneyi (Ewing) (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae), Parasecia gilbetoin. sp. (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae) is described and new locality and host records are added for Parasecia chara (Wharton), Parasecia longicalcar (Brennan and Jones), Parasecia manueli (Brennan and Jones), and Parasecia thalurania (Brennan) (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae).
Case report of enterocutaneous fistula due to non-functioning ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Authors: Prabhat Jha , Dhoj Joshi Bijendra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Abdominal complications after placement of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt are commonly reported but asymptomatic bowel perforation with enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is rare. This case describes a young male patient who underwent VP shunt for hydrocephalus 10 years ago. He presented with ECF due to the non-functioning abdominal end of the shunt. Patient was managed with laparotomy with fistulectomy with bowel resection and anastomosis. ECF is a rare complication of VP shunt.
Nonparametric Mass Imputation for Data Integration
Authors: Chen Sixia , Yang Shu , Kim Jae Kwang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Data integration combining a probability sample with another nonprobability sample is an emerging area of research in survey sampling. We consider the case when the study variable of interest is measured only in the nonprobability sample, but comparable auxiliary information is available for both data sources. We consider mass imputation for the probability sample using the nonprobability data as the training set for imputation. The parametric mass imputation is sensitive to parametric model assumptions. To develop improved and robust methods, we consider nonparametric mass imputation for data integration. In particular, we consider kernel smoothing for a low-dimensional covariate and generalized additive models for a relatively high-dimensional covariate for imputation. Asymptotic theories and variance estimation are developed. Simulation studies and real applications show the benefits of our proposed methods over parametric counterparts.
Multireceptor targeting of glioblastoma
Authors: Sharma Puja , Sonawane Poonam , Herpai Denise , D’Agostino Ralph , Rossmeisl John , Tatter Stephen , Debinski Waldemar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTreatment for glioblastoma (GBM) remains an unmet need in medicine. Novel therapies that address GBM complexity and heterogeneity in particular are warranted. To this end, we target 4 tumor-associated receptors at a time that span virtually all of the GBM microenvironment including bulk tumor cells, infiltrating tumor cells, neovasculature, and tumor-infiltrating cells with one pharmaceutical agent delivering a cytotoxic load.MethodsWe engineered multivalent ligand-based vector proteins termed QUAD with an ability to bind to 4 of the following GBM-associated receptors: IL-13RA2, EphA2, EphA3, and EphB2. We conjugated QUAD with a modified bacterial toxin PE38QQR and tested it in vitro and in vivo.ResultsThe QUAD variants preserved functional characteristics of the respective ligands for the 4 receptors. The QUAD 3.0 variant conjugate was highly cytotoxic to GBM cells, but it was nontoxic in mice, and the conjugate exhibited strong antitumor effect in a dog with spontaneous GBM.ConclusionThe QUAD addresses, to a large extent, the issues of intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity and, at the same time, it targets several pathophysiologically important tumor compartments in GBM through multiple receptors overexpressed in tumors allowing for what we call “molecular resection.” QUAD-based targeted agents warrant further pre- and clinical development.
Genome-Wide Association Studies of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder in a Diverse Cohort of US Veterans
Authors: Bigdeli Tim B , Fanous Ayman H , Li Yuli , Rajeevan Nallakkandi , Sayward Frederick , Genovese Giulio , Gupta Rishab , Radhakrishnan Krishnan , Malhotra Anil K , Sun Ning , Lu Qiongshi , Hu Yiming , Li Boyang , Chen Quan , Mane Shrikant , Miller Perry , Cheung Kei-Hoi , Gur Raquel E , Greenwood Tiffany A , Braff David L ,   Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS), Achtyes Eric D , Buckley Peter F , Escamilla Michael A , Lehrer Douglas , Malaspina Dolores P , McCarroll Steven A , Rapaport Mark H , Vawter Marquis P , Pato Michele T , Pato Carlos N ,   Genomic Psychiatry Cohort (GPC) Investigators, Zhao Hongyu , Kosten Thomas R , Brophy Mary , Pyarajan Saiju , Shi Yunling , O’Leary Timothy J , Gleason Theresa , Przygodzki Ronald , Muralidhar Sumitra , Gaziano J Michael ,   Million Veteran Program (MVP), Huang Grant D , Concato John , Siever Larry J , Aslan Mihaela , Harvey Philip D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BIP) are debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders, collectively affecting 2% of the world’s population. Recognizing the major impact of these psychiatric disorders on the psychosocial function of more than 200 000 US Veterans, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) recently completed genotyping of more than 8000 veterans with SCZ and BIP in the Cooperative Studies Program (CSP) #572.

Methods
We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in CSP #572 and benchmarked the predictive value of polygenic risk scores (PRS) constructed from published findings. We combined our results with available summary statistics from several recent GWAS, realizing the largest and most diverse studies of these disorders to date.

Results
Our primary GWAS uncovered new associations between CHD7 variants and SCZ, and novel BIP associations with variants in Sortilin Related VPS10 Domain Containing Receptor 3 (SORCS3) and downstream of PCDH11X. Combining our results with published summary statistics for SCZ yielded 39 novel susceptibility loci including CRHR1, and we identified 10 additional findings for BIP (28 326 cases and 90 570 controls). PRS trained on published GWAS were significantly associated with case-control status among European American (P &lt; 10–30) and African American (P &lt; .0005) participants in CSP #572.

Conclusions
We have demonstrated that published findings for SCZ and BIP are robustly generalizable to a diverse cohort of US veterans. Leveraging available summary statistics from GWAS of global populations, we report 52 new susceptibility loci and improved fine-mapping resolution for dozens of previously reported associations.