bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nudging HSE Positive Behaviors: A Case Study in Workforce Safety Engagement
Authors: Scott Hannah , Mohammed Al Hinai Lujaina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper describes a program to pilot the use of nudge techniques within an oilfield services company to encourage and reinforce positive health, safety and environmental (HSE) behaviors. The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of the nudges on the workforce in developing desired behaviors and the associated HSE benefits.
Academics have explored the concept of nudge theory to influence decision making for over 20 years. The HSE function sought to identify how these nudge techniques and behavioral science could be practically applied to improve safety behaviors and performance in office, operational and manufacturing locations.
The HSE function was educated on nudge theory and encouraged to build nudge techniques into training, safety meetings, and other communications. The introduction of nudge techniques was intended to supplement the company's mature HSE Management system and culture with visible, engaging, subtle, and occasionally less subtle behavioral prompts.
A nudge toolkit was developed, with individual nudges to address behaviors related to health, safety and the environment such as healthy food choices, anti-smoking, using the stairs, holding handrails, safe walkways and energy efficiency. Each nudge was accompanied by instructions for implementation and a methodology for measuring the behavioral impact. The nudge toolkit was launched in stages, allowing different geographical organizations to select and implement elements within the nudge toolkit as appropriate to their local culture, languages, and activities.
This pilot program provided an introduction of nudges to the workforce. The ability to provide empirical data to support the success of the program is limited at this time. Feedback from the workforce indicates the initiative has been well received and that the nudging tools have helped to improve HSE engagement by initiating interest and discussion. A future phase of the program aims to consolidate the pilot study learnings and develop more robust data collection methods for monitoring effectiveness.
Feedback from both the workforce and the HSE function employees has been positive. It can be concluded that applying nudging techniques to achieve desired HSE behaviors is a useful addition to the company's toolkit for reinforcing a strong HSE culture and further developing workforce HSE engagement.
Detection and Quantification of Gas Leakage by Infrared Technology in TEPA Block 17 FPSOs
Authors: De Almeida Paulo , Correia Elliane , Quintas Sonia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Detection and quantification of gas leakage by infrared technology
This article aim to present the technology for detection and quantification of fugitive gas emissions in deep offshore activities of TOTAL E&P Angola (hereafter mentioned as "Company").
Company has been operating in Angola for more than 60 years, totally committed to the environmental sustainability through full compliance to the local regulation, Company standards, and best oilfield environmental practices.
Fugitive emissions represent a general set of emission from industrial sources that cannot be connected through controlled means to a definitive emission point. These normally and relatively small and hard-to- detect emissions from valve packing, pump seal, compressor seals and piping connections occur as part of normal industrial operations. They are characterized by a diffused release of VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds: methane, ethane, methanol, etc) or other pollutants into the atmosphere.
Methane’s global warming potential is higher than carbon dioxide. Methane emissions in Company’s operated scope stood at 2.3 Mt CO2-eq in 2015 and nearly half or 1.1 Mt CO2-eq were specifically related to gas production. In all, they account for less than 0.5% of Company’s marketed operated production; therefore improving methane measurement and mitigating these emissions are part of climate change strategy of the Company.
Reducing oil and gas methane emissions is an essential, low-cost strategy for slowing the accelerated pace of today’s Global Warming. It is a major opportunity for climate progress that cannot be missed. This is why all efforts were centered to join the Climate and Clean air Coalition (CCAC) Oil & Gas Methane Partnership, important step to understand the scope of the company methane emissions. The CCAC Partnership provides companies with a credible mechanism to systematically address their methane emissions and demonstrate this systematic approach to stakeholders.
Global Environmental Baseline & Monitoring Survey GEMS - Over a Decade of Results Oriented, Monitoring and Assessing the Oil Industry Impacts on the Deep Offshore Environment Case Study: Block 17- Girassol field
Authors: Manuel Mario , Batalha Tania , João Josè-Cardoso 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present TOTAL E&P Angola (subsidiary of TOTAL in Angola, hereafter mentioned as "Affiliate") last environmental monitoring campaign. The document presents the strategy and summarizes the results of indicators which are used to follow up cumulative impacts on deep water environment. The campaign was performed between 1998 and 2015, and different laboratories were used. The impact of field operations proved to be rather low or negligible, and acceptable on the long term.
Since February 1998, when the first environmental baseline study (EBS) was performed (in Block 17: Girassol) to describe the initial state of the environment, the Affiliate has been conducting regular offshore monitoring campaigns with the aim of characterizing the water column, and marine sediments around existing installations and developing fields. These surveys are not limited to Block 17, but also extend to other Affiliate offshore blocks in Angola.
In March 2015, the Affiliate’s most demanding Global Environmental Baseline & Monitoring Survey (GEMS) was completed, which covered six different offshore blocks, with a work scope ranging between EBS and EMoS (environmental monitoring survey), comprising 226 sampling stations for sediment and benthic macrofauna, 26 for seawater, 17 for phytoplankton and 8 for foraminifera. Another specificity of this latest GEMS was the scientific vessel that was shared among Operators through a joint agreement, of course with some legal and operational constraints considering the socio-geographic context of the project. Technically, besides the Affiliate’s required guidelines and rules, the parameters to be tested also had to meet recent regulations from the Ministry of Petroleum. Physico-chemical and biological data obtained over the past 17 years have been used as indicators of environment quality, and its regular monitoring allows assessment of the sensitivity of the marine environment to petroleum activities.
Designing Wellbore Plugging and Abandonment Materials Based on Nature's Hydraulic Barrier Materials: A Solution to Prevent Hydrocarbon Leakage Over Time
Authors: Vissa Sai Vamsi , Radonjic Mileva 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the oil and gas industry, drilling and completions of wellbores have undergone major technological improvements, that ultimately enabled safer exploration and production of fossil fuels. However, the plugging and abandonment (P&A) of wellbores had not attracted the same level of technological advancements. Wellbore plugging in offshore environments is challenging as the consequence of potential hydrocarbon leakage can cause cumulative damage to the fragile ecosystems for a long time before detection. Gas leakages are especially hard to detect and evaluate for appropriate wellbore intervention and mitigation. Preventing wellbore leakage requires a robust sealing material capable of reducing the permeability through wellbore infrastructure and surrounding formation to zero. One proposed way is to use zeolites as additives. Zeolites could act as scaffoldings for cement hydration reactions to take place and since they have crystal and pore structures similar to Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH), they have compatibility. This could act as a bridge between the natural formation and cement. Due to the non-hydraulic nature of zeolites, they could retain some pore water which could be released in an event of fracture providing water for secondary hydration of cement resulting in self-healing properties. Also, zeolites show a very strong skeletal structure despite their large reactive areas and pore sites. Hence, one of the ideas to be explored in this paper is to gain a deep understanding of the zeolite properties before adding it to cement in order to create an ideal hydraulic barrier material. By doing so, ultimately the aim is to achieve a barrier material which could mimic shale which is a natural cap rock and find application in wellbore plugging operation. This paper is focused on evaluation of a natural zeolite ferrierite, primarily microstructural characterization and its chemical stability in contact with fluids that resemble potential subsurface formation fluids. The data suggests that there is no major microstructural change in contact with: low pH aqueous solution, high salinity brine, synthetic oil and water, and some change in contact with high pH Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) solution, after 7days exposure at 95°C.
Rescue and Relocation of Orchids and Bromeliads as Impact Mitigation Measures in Linear Projects
Authors: Ahumada Morales Carlos , Gutierrez Mesías Fernando , Changano Guevara Humberto , García Espinoza Alan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The importance, usefulness and degree of threat of the orchids a general level, them considered priority species for conservation in the different investment projects that are developed mainly in the tropical forests of the Amazon and the eastern Andes of the Peru. With the purpose of minimizing the impact of the construction of platform and a pipeline in the Lower Urubamba (Cusco, Peru), the rescue and relocation of orchids and bromeliads has been carried out before clearing and deforestation. The present study identifies the physical characteristics of a host or phorophyte for the success of the natural establishment of an epiphytic orchid on it, the type of cortex being the variable that would be influencing the success of the relocation of rescued epiphytic orchids.
NPDB: a natural product database with relational data between natural products and biological sources
Authors: Xu Tingjun , Dai Jingfang , Chen Weiming , Li Yingyong , Zhao Yingli , Zhou Junhong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We designed a natural product database filled with hand-curated data of natural product information from journal literatures, to establish the relationships between natural products and biological sources. Therefore, we can figure out all the biological sources of a specific natural product reported in literatures, and also can inspect for the holistic view of a specific organism’s components, metabolites or extracts.
Prognostic analysis of 152 patients with distant metastasis after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yang Hua , Ma Rui , Zhou Yan , Yin Yutian , Zhao Lina , Shi Mei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose The objectives of this study were to analyze the prognostic factors of patients with distant metastasis after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of these patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted among 152 patients with distant metastasis after IMRT for NPC from January 2006 to December 2017 (median follow-up, 43 months). The survival rates were calculated and compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests, respectively. The Cox risk ratio model was used for univariateand multivariate analyses. Results Among all patients, the median interval from treatment completion to distant metastasis was 11.3 months. The median post-metastasis survival was 14 months, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 60.4%, 40.2%, and 27.6%, respectively. Upon univariate analysis, overall survival was found to be related to the N stage and induction chemotherapy at initial diagnosis, time from initial radiotherapy completion to distant metastasis, liver metastasis, and chemotherapy and palliative radiotherapy after metastasis. Liver metastasis, multi-organ metastasis, chemotherapy after metastasis, and the time from radiotherapy completion to distant metastasis were independent prognostic factors for patient survival in the Cox regression analysis. Conclusions The prognosis of patients with distant metastasis after IMRT for NPC was related to the time from radiotherapy completion to distant metastasis, regardless of liver or multiple organ metastasis and adjuvant chemotherapy after metastasis. Adequate adjuvant chemotherapy and local palliative radiotherapy could potentially prolong the survival of patients with distant metastasis of NPC.
Human Papilloma Virus Status in Upper Aero-digestive Squamous Cell Carcinoma using p16 Staining at Uganda Cancer Institute
Authors: Kabagenyi Fiona , Otiti Jeff , Namwagala Justine , Kamulegeya Adriane , Kalungi Sam 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction Cancer burden is increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa(SSA), where one-third of cancers are estimated to be caused by infectious agents. Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is the sixth common malignancy in SSA, including tumours in the oral cavity (OC), oropharynx(OP), hypopharynx and larynx. Tobacco and alcohol exposure are established risk factors but the role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has gained recent recognition. The HPV related HNC is seen predominantly in the oropharynx, presents at a younger age and has a better prognosis. With a rapidly increasing incidence of these cancers in the developed world, it was important to study HPV in HNC in Uganda. The HPV can be detected using P16 immunohistochemistry (P16 IHC) as a surrogate marker thus making it suitable for screening. The study aimed at establishing the presence of HPV and the sites it commonly affects in upper aero-digestive tract squamous cell carcinoma (UADT SCC) at Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) using P16 IHC. Methodology This was a cross sectional study in which 59 patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma from the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx and hypopharynx at UCI were recruited. These patients’ demographics and clinical data were collected. Tissue sections from retrieved histology samples were stained by Haematoxylin and Eosin to reconfirm SCC. Subsequently, P16 expression was determined using P16 immunohistochemistry. Results 71 patients were enrolled and 59 patients with confirmed SCC of the sites of interest were analysed. The majority (79.7%) of the participants were male and over 50 years. 59.3% were tobacco smokers, 66.1% used alcohol, 52.2% used both. Only 27.1% used none of the substances. Only 27.1% of the participants were HIV positive. Most of the tumors were in the larynx (37.3%) and 64.4% were overall TNM stage 4. The overall prevalence of HPV in UADT SCC at UCI was 20.3%, 95%CI 10.9-32.8. The oropharynx had the highest prevalence (30.8%) closely followed by the oral cavity (29.4%). Conclusion The contribution of HPV in UADT SCC at UCI using P16 IHC is significant at 20.3%. The oropharynx is the most affected site and is closely followed by the oral cavity.
Detection of Canine herpesvirus 1 in the breeding kennel and farm dogs by Real-time PCR
Authors: Rezaei Mahdieh , Jajarmi Maziar , Kamani Saba , Khalili Mohammad , Babaei Homayoon 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Canine herpesvirus 1 (CHV-1) is known as a causal agent of death in newborn puppies and fertility problems in adults with a widespread distribution. There has been an increasing concern among dog breeders in Iran regarding CHV-1. This study is the first molecular detection of CHV-1 in breeding kennels and farm dogs in Iran using real-time PCR and investigation of various predisposing factors. Results: A total of 63 vaginal samples collected from 47 breeding kennels and 16 farm dogs were evaluated. In general, 21 out of 63 (33.3%) of vaginal samples were CHV-1-positive. The percentage of infection was higher in farm dogs, which was statistically significant. There was no significant association regarding other probable predisposing factors, including age, breed, pregnancy, and reproductive disorders. Conclusions: Considering the results of this study, CHV-1 is common in farm and breeding kennels and could pose a threat. Further studies are required to better understanding the distribution of the virus within Iran to advise dog breeders to more appropriate measures for management of CHV-1.
Production of Recombinant HA1 subunit from H5N1 Avian Influenza Hemagglutinin in Escherichia coli
Authors: López-Tavera Esteban , MARTINEZ LUIS MARIO RODRIGUEZ , Moreno-Martínez Ana Karen , Barrera-Saldaña Hugo A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Influenza A/H5N1 represents a potential risk of a worldwide pandemic event, and as we have witnessed in past influenza outbreaks, the current production chains for vaccination cannot supply the demand for emergencies such as these. Limiting factors include the need for eggs and active virus handling as well as turnaround time and cost. Most of the influenza AH5N1 cases are contained in poultry; however, risk of zoonosis and spread of the virus in humans grows by the day, thus, a mass-produced fast-responding preventive vaccine is required. In this article, we describe the production of a recombinant HA1 subunit of influenza AH5N1 hemagglutinin as a potential key ingredient of a new avian vaccine, using a prokaryotic biotechnological platform. This system is potentially faster, cheaper, and more efficient than current means of vaccine production.
Early versus late initiation of renal replacement therapy impacts mortality in septic patients with acute kidney injury: a meta-analysis
Authors: Ge Chenglong , Jiang Yuan , Peng Qianyi , Ai Yuhang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in septic patients and increases in-hospital mortality. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of early versus late initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) on clinical outcomes in septic patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis were used in this study. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library. Results: Nine studies (two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and seven retrospective cohorts) including 1694 patients were identified for detailed evaluation. This meta-analysis suggested that early RRT initiation within 48 hours (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.45; I 2 0%) in septic patients with AKI reduced 28-day mortality (odds ratio (OR) 0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37 to 0.86; I 2 73%), but intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) (mean difference (MD) -1.49; 95% CI -3.65 to -0.67; I 2 53%), hospital LOS (MD -3.18; 95% CI -7.35 to 0.99; I 2 41%), the duration of RRT (MD -2.05; 95%CI -6.86 to 2.76; I 2 83%) and the duration of ventilation (MD 1.99; 95%CI -2.76 to 6.75; I 2 85%) were not influenced by the timing of RRT initiation. Conclusions: Early initiation of RRT within 48 hours in septic patients with AKI may have a beneficial impact on survival. However, this conclusion is based on heterogeneous trials of different quality and only two RCTs. Conclusive therapeutic recommendations regarding the optimal time to initiate RRT remain uncertain.
Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula diagnosed by contrast echocardiography: a case report of a daughter and a mother
Authors: Pan Gaoyun , Dong Xinxin , Xu Jianguo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is a rare disease with a direct connection between the pulmonary artery and the vein, and in most cases is congenital. In a proportion of patients, it can cause hypoxemia, cyanosis and dyspnea. The golden standard for the diagnosis of PAVF is pulmonary angiography. We experienced two cases of a daughter and a mother with PAVF diagnosed by contrast echocardiography, which is simple and sensitive for the detection of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Case presentation Case 1:A 22-year-old female was admitted to hospital because of "unconsciousness for 3 hours after sudden seizures".CT showed left frontal cerebral arteriovenous malformation with hemorrhage, a nodule of upper lobe of left lung, arteriovenous malformation possible.Intracranial hematoma removal, arteriovenous malformation resection were performed urgently. Postoperatively, the patient presented severe hypoxemia. Contrast echocardiography showed continuous dense bubbles were visualized in the left heart from the third heart cycle following imaging in the right heart, , suggesting pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Case 2 : The mother of the first patient, 44-year-old female, with no history of dyspnea, cyanosis,and stroke, was medically screened for suspected pulmonary arteriovenous fistula due to her daughter’s disease. Contrast echocardiography also indicated pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Conclusions Contrast echocardiography is an excellent tool for the detection of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Patients with suspected pulmonary arteriovenous fistula should be examined by chest radiography combined with contrast echocardiography as first line screening tests, especially in patients with severe condition.
Clinical presentation and management strategies for yolk sac tumor. A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Nie Caiyun , Lv Huifang , Xing Yishu , Song Tao , Feng Wen , Chen Beibei , chen Xiaobing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Yolk sac tumor (YST), also known as endodermal sinus tumor, is a highly malignant germ cell-derived tumor. As a rare disease, the diagnosis, prognostic factors, and optimal management of yolk sac tumor are difficult. The present study aims to investigate the clinicopathological features and optimal management strategies of yolk sac tumor. Results: We retrospectively investigated seventeen patients with yolk sac tumor in our institute between January 2010 to December 2019. The median age of the study population was 24 years (range 6–50 years). Most cases were female (11/17, 64.7%). Among the seventeen cases of YSTs, 8 cases were ovarian YSTs, 3 cases were mediastinum YSTs, 2 cases were testis YSTs. 94.1% patients had a markedly raised AFP. Surgery and chemotherapy were the main treatment methods for YST and improved the prognosis of patients. Conclusions: YST is a highly malignant and rare germ cell tumor, ovarian YST is the most common type. Early diagnosis and reasonable treatment can improve the prognosis of YST. These cases highlight the tumor’s characteristics. As more experience is gathered with this rare malignant tumor, the more likely we are to cure this disease.