bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF CONTAMINATION BY POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS (PTE) OF SEDIMENTS AROUND THE PETROLEUM TERMINAL PIPELINE “DUTOS E TERMINAIS DO CENTRO SUL (DTCS)”, SP, BRAZIL
Authors: Duleba Wânia , Gubitoso Silas , Alves Martins Maria Virgínia , Teodoro Andreia Cristiane , Pregnolato Leonardo Antonio , Prada Silvio Miranda 
Published: December 2019

The Petroleum Terminal Pipeline “Dutos e Terminais do Centro Sul (DTCS)” is one of the largest petroleum terminals in Brazil. To assess wastewater treatment efficiency of the DTCS and to evaluate the contamination by potentially toxic elements (PTE) of sediments, ten sampling points were studied near the riser output of the submarine outfall in the summer of 2005, 2006 and 2007, and ten sampling points were studied along the São Sebastião Channel (CSS). All data were above the standards required by the Brazilian salt water/brackish Water Directives (CONAMA Resolution 454/2012). However, the sediments near the submarine outfall were enriched by As and Cu, with concentrations exceeding the threshold effect level (TEL). In 2005 and 2006, the concentrations of Ba, Sr, Ni and Pb exceeded the values established by TEL in some places. Concentrations of As were 69 times higher than that measured in the background station. In 2007, all the analyzed metals almost doubled the concentrations of that found in 2005. High concentrations of PTE in the sediments, namely Ba and As, are a source of contamination that should be considered for the water quality management planning of the DTCS system. Avaliação da Contaminação por Elementos Químicos Potencialmente Tóxicos (PTE) dos Sedimentos da Região do Terminal Petrolífero “Dutos e Terminais do Centro Sul (DTCS)”, SP, Brasil ResumoO Terminal Petrolífero “Dutos e Terminais do Centro Sul (DTCS)”, SP, Brasil é um dos maiores terminais de petróleo do Brasil. Para avaliar a eficiência do tratamento de águas residuais do DTCS e estimar a contaminação por elementos potencialmente tóxicos (PTE) dos sedimentos, foram estudados dez pontos de amostragem perto da saída do ducto submarino no verão de 2005, 2006 e 2007 e dez pontos de amostragem ao longo do Canal de São Sebastião (CSS). Todos os dados estavam acima dos padrões exigidos pelas Diretrizes Brasileiras para Águas Salgadas/Salobras (Resolução CONAMA 454/2012). No entanto, os sedimentos perto do exutor submarino estavam enriquecidos por As e Cu, tendo as concentrações excedido o nível limiar de efeito (TEL; the threshold effect level). Em 2005 e 2006, as concentrações de Ba, Sr, Ni e Pb ultrapassaram os valores estabelecidos para o TEL. As concentrações de As foram 69 vezes superiores às medidas na estação de fundo. Em 2007, todos os PTE tinham quase duplicado as concentrações de 2005. As altas concentrações de PTE nos sedimentos, nomeadamente Ba e As, são uma fonte de contaminação que deve ser considerada no planejamento da gestão da qualidade da água do sistema DTCS. Palavras-chaves: Elementos Químicos Potencialmente Tóxicos. Sedimentos. Emissários Submarinos. Efluentes Petroquímicos.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL LOSS IN UPPER DIDESSA WATERSHED, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Tufa Fayera Gudu , Feyissa Tolera Abdissa 
Published: December 2019

Soil erosion is dramatically increasing and accelerating in developing countries like Ethiopia. It has worrisome economic and environmental impacts and causes nutrient loss on agricultural land, sedimentation in rivers and reservoirs, clogged canals and other water supply systems. Determination of spatial distribution of soil loss rate in upper Didessa watershed is an important priority for prioritizing the area for watershed management practices in order to reduce soil erosion. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) framed with geographical information system and remote sensing technique was used to estimate the mean annual soil loss in Upper Didessa Watershed, Ethiopia. Digital elevation model (DEM) with 30mx30m resolution was collected from Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy and used to delineate the watershed. Soil loss factors of the watershed like length and slope factor (LS), soil erodibility factor (K), cover management factor (C), support practicing factor (P) and rain fall erosivity factor (R) were evaluated and integrated in GIS to compute the annual soil loss rate of the watershed. The results of this work reveal that the annual rate of soil loss in the watershed is 5.23 t / ha / year. They also show that the central part of the watershed is an area prone to soil erosion. DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA PERDA DO SOLO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA SUPERIOR DIDESSA, ETIÓPIA ResumoA erosão do solo está aumentando e acelerando dramaticamente em países em desenvolvimento como a Etiópia. Tem impactos econômicos e ambientais preocupantes e causa perda de nutrientes em terras agrícolas, sedimentação em rios e reservatórios, entupimento de canais e outros sistemas de fornecimento de água. A determinação da distribuição espacial da taxa de perda de solo na bacia hidrográfica superior do Rio Didessa é uma prioridade importante para priorizar a área para práticas de manejo de bacias hidrográficas a fim de reduzir a erosão do solo. A Equação Universal de Perda de Solo Revisada (RUSLE), enquadrada com sistema de informação geográfica e técnica de sensoriamento remoto, foi usada para estimar a perda média anual de solo na Bacia do Alto Didessa, na Etiópia. O modelo digital de elevação (DEM) com resolução de 30mx30m foi coletado no Ministério da Água, Irrigação e Energia e utilizado para delinear a bacia hidrográfica. Os fatores de perda de solo da bacia hidrográfica, como comprimento e fator de inclinação (LS), fator de erodibilidade do solo (K), fator de manejo da cobertura (C), fator de prática de apoio (P) e fator de erosividade da chuva (R) foram avaliados e integrados no SIG para calcular a taxa anual de perda de solo da bacia hidrográfica. Os resultados deste trabalho revelam que taxa anual de perda de solo da bacia hidrográfica é de 5,23 t / ha / ano. Mostram ainda que a parte central da bacia hidrográfica é uma área propensa à erosão do solo. Palavras-chave: SIG. Perda de solo. RUSLE. Didessa superior da bacia hidrográfica.
Intertextualité et écrite: l'apport de texte litteraire dans une experience de production écrite avec des lyceens au Maroc
Authors: Tigourdi Salah 
Published: December 2019

La didactique de la production écrite a profité de la recherche dans différents domaines en mettant en valeur les renouvellements susceptibles d’améliorer cette compétence. Il serait convenable de dresser les passerelles entre la notion de ’intertextualité et la didactique de la production écrite. Dans cet article, voulons démontrer l’intérêt du texte littéraire dans les séances de production écrite. Pour ce faire nous avons mené une expérience dans laquelle les apprenants seront amenés à produire des textes narratifs de genre autobiographique. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur la caractéristique de l’intertextualité (G. GENETTE, 1982), les concepts-clés du modèle de Hayes et Flower, en particulier : l’environnement de la tâche et la mémoire, ainsi que sur les recommandations didactiques conçues par Jean-Pierre CUQ incitant les enseignants à l’emploi du texte littéraire dans les activités langagières sur lesquelles s’articulent les différentes compétences du français, en l’occurrence : la production écrite. L’expérience, comme le démontrent ses résultats, illustre l’aide monumentale que peut présenter l’exploitation du texte littéraire comme un modèle de départ dans les activités de production écrite. Les apprenants se veulent motivés puisqu’ils peuvent puiser des éléments narratifs présentés par le texte-support.
Introduction of an enhanced recovery protocol into a laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy programme
Authors: Brown T , Magill F , Beckett N , Kanabar S , Monserez J , McDaid J , Veitch P , Magowan H , Kerr K , Courtney AE 
Published: December 2019

Introduction Living-donor renal transplantation is the optimal treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. The rate of living donation in the UK is sub-optimal, and potential donor concerns regarding postoperative recovery may be contributory. Enhanced recovery programmes are well described for a number of surgical procedures, but experience in living-donor surgery is sparse. This study reports the impact of introducing an enhanced recovery protocol into a living-donor renal transplant programme. Materials and methods All consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy over a 25-month period were included. The principles of enhanced recovery were fluid restriction, morphine sparing and expectation management. Outcome measures were postoperative pain scores and complications for donor and recipients. Results Standard care was provided for 24 (30%) patients and 57 (70%) followed an enhanced recovery pathway. The latter group received significantly less preoperative intravenous fluid (0ml vs 841ml p < 000.1) and opiate medication (14.83mg vs 23.85mg p = 0.001). Pain scores, postoperative complications and recipient transplant outcomes were comparable in both groups. Conclusions Enhanced recovery for living-donor nephrectomy is a safe approach for donors and recipients. Application of these techniques and further refinement should be pursued to enhance the experience of living donors.
Broadband phase-shifting mirrors for ultrafast lasers
Authors: Trubetskov M. , Amotchkina T. , Lehnert L. , Sancho-Parramon J. , Golyari K. , Janicki V. , Ossiander M. , Schultze M. , Pervak V. 
Published: December 2019

Metal–dielectric phase-shifting multilayer optical elements have been developed, providing broadband, virtually dispersion-free polarization manipulation down to the few-cycle level. These optical elements are

A
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/

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mirrors that operate in the spectral range from 500 to 100 nm, exhibiting reflectance higher than 95%, and a differential phase shift between the s- and p-polarization of about 90° distributed over four bounces. The mirrors have been designed, produced, and reliably characterized based on spectral photometric and ellipsometric data using a non-parametric approach as well as a multi-oscillator model. The optical elements were implemented into a few-cycle laser system, where they transformed linearly polarized few-cycle light pulses to circular polarization.
Alexandrite: an attractive thin-disk laser material alternative to Yb:YAG?
Authors: Demirbas Umit , Kärtner Franz X. 
Published: December 2019

Yb:YAG thin-disk (TD) technology has enabled construction of laser/amplifier systems with unprecedented average/peak power levels, and has become the workhorse of many scientific investigations. On the other hand, for some applications, the narrow emission bandwidth of Yb:YAG limits its potential, and the search for alternative broadband TD gain media with suitable thermo-optomechanical parameters is ongoing. The alexandrite gain medium has a broad emission spectrum centered around 750 nm, possesses thermomechanical strength that even outperforms Yb:YAG, and has unique spectroscopic properties enabling efficient laser operation even at elevated temperatures. In this work, we have numerically investigated the power scaling potential of continuous-wave (cw) alexandrite lasers in TD geometry for the first time. Using a detailed laser model, we have compared the potential cw laser performance of Yb:YAG, Ti:Sapphire, Cr:LiSAF, Cr:LiCAF, and alexandrite thin-disk lasers under similar conditions and show that among the investigated transition metal-doped gain media, alexandrite is the best alternative to Yb:YAG in power scaling studies at room temperature. Our analysis further demonstrates that potentially Ti:Sapphire is also a good alternative TD material, but only at cryogenic temperatures. However, in comparison with Yb:YAG, the achievable laser gain is relatively low for both alexandrite and Ti:Sapphire, which then requires usage of low-loss cavities with small output coupling for efficient cw operation.
High gain in a dual-pass rod-type fiber amplifier
Authors: Lupi Jean-François , Johansen Mette Marie , Michieletto Mattia , Lønborg Christensen Simon , Lægsgaard Jesper 
Published: December 2019

Single-pass amplification using rod-type fibers has become a common route to pulsed laser sources around 1030 nm with high average and peak power. Average-power scaling is currently limited by the dynamic thermo-optic phenomenon of “transverse mode instability.” In comparison, double-pass amplifier configurations have not been extensively studied. Recent theoretical and experimental work has shown both static and dynamic mode degradation phenomena, including an unexpected nonlinear polarization rotation effect. Here we present new results obtained with a modified setup using polarization filtering between the first and the second pass. We obtain up to 113 W output power, i.e., more than 40 dB of amplification from a single amplifier module seeded by 10 mW of 20 ps/20 MHz/1030 nm pulses. We observe excellent beam quality and polarization extinction ratio. Finally, we investigate a wide range of seed powers and report a strong increase in the static mode deformation threshold with decreasing seed power. The experimental results are corroborated by numerical simulations.
Membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser emitting at 1640  nm
Authors: Jeżewski Bartosz , Broda Artur , Sankowska Iwona , Kuźmicz Aleksandr , Gołaszewska-Malec Krystyna , Czuba Krzysztof , Muszalski Jan 
Published: December 2019

We fabricated and characterized a membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser (MECSEL) emitting at 1640 nm. This is the first, to the best of our knowledge, description of this type of laser emitting at the long-wavelength telecommunication band. Double-sided diamond heat spreaders were used to efficiently dissipate heat. Emission producing 1.2 W of power was demonstrated. We suggest that optimization of the laser has the potential to increase generated power.
High-resolution spectroscopy and laser frequency stabilization using a narrow-linewidth planar-waveguide external cavity diode laser at 1063  nm
Authors: Yoshii Kazumichi , Sakagami Haruki , Yamamoto Hiroki , Okubo Sho , Inaba Hajime , Hong Feng-Lei 
Published: December 2019

We demonstrate high-resolution spectroscopy of molecular iodine using the second-harmonic generation of a 1063 nm planar-waveguide external cavity diode laser. The hyperfine components of the

R
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transition are observed with a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 180 over a bandwidth of 1 kHz. The diode laser is frequency-stabilized to the observed hyperfine component

a

10

and achieves a stability at a level of

10

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13

for averaging time of 1 s. The absolute frequency of the

a

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hyperfine component of the

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)

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transition is determined as 564 010 092 161(6) kHz. The frequency-stabilized diode laser has various applications, including optical frequency combs and interferometric measurements.
Stage-Specific Sensitivity of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Detecting Colorectal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Niedermaier Tobias , Balavarca Yesilda , Brenner Hermann 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE:
Fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) detect the majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs), but evidence for variation in sensitivity according to the CRC stage is sparse and has not yet been systematically synthesized. Thus, our objective was to systematically review and summarize evidence on the stage-specific sensitivity of FITs.

METHODS:
We screened PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to June 14, 2019, for English-language articles reporting on the stage-specific sensitivity of FIT for CRC detection using colonoscopy as a reference standard. Studies reporting stage-specific sensitivities and the specificity of FIT for CRC detection were included. Summary estimates of sensitivity according to the CRC stage and study setting (screening cohorts, symptomatic/diagnostic cohorts, and case-control studies) were derived from bivariate meta-analysis.

RESULTS:
Forty-four studies (92,447 participants including 3,034 CRC cases) were included. Pooled stage-specific sensitivities were overall very similar but suffered from high levels of imprecision because of small case numbers when calculated separately for screening cohorts, symptomatic/diagnostic cohorts, and case-control studies. Pooled sensitivities (95% confidence intervals) for all studies combined were 73% (65%–79%) for stage-I-CRCs and 80% (74%–84%), 82% (77%–87%), and 79% (70%–86%) for the detection of CRC stages II, III, and IV, respectively. Even substantially larger variation was seen in sensitivity by T-stage, with summary estimates ranging from 40% (21%–64%) for T1 to 83% (68%–91%) for T3-CRC.

DISCUSSION:
Although FITs detect 4 of 5 CRCs at stages II–IV, the substantially lower sensitivity for stage-I-CRC and, in particular, T1 CRC indicates both need and potential for further improvement in performance for the early detection of CRC.
Entre machos e discretos: discursos, identidades homoeróticas masculinas e(m) aplicativos de pegação
Authors: Maués Corrêa Júlia Antônia , Da Silva Cruz Marcos 
Published: December 2019

A pós-modernidade e os aplicativos móveis enfatizaram a complexidade do processo de articulação dos sentidos, identidades e poder, configurados, na situação do homoerotismo, pela imposição do deslocamento para os aplicativos de pegação. Nesse território, destacam-se os usuários defensores da masculinização da identidade homoerótica e promotores da discrição da feminilidade, os machões e discretos, os quais, todavia, têm suas identidades reduzidas ao discurso homogêneo e hegemônico. Apoiados nos pressupostos da teoria queer (Louro, 2001; Borba, 2015; Moita-Lopes, 2006) e da Análise Crítica do Discurso (Chouliarack e Fairclough, 1999; Fairclough, 2001), visamos a compreensão das identidades dos “machões e discretos” no Grindr, problematizando as articulações das diferenças identitárias. Para tal procedimento, investigamos os usuários em Belém do Pará, analisando os perfis e as narrativas identitárias, com entrevistas por meio do bate-papo do aplicativo. Como resultados, a ideia de homogeneidade é efeito de um aparato heterossexista, o qual envolve a inscrição de valores difusos sobre masculinidade, feminilidade, papéis sexuais e performances públicas, inscrevendo os “machões e discretos” em um entre-lugar definido pela debilidade performática e sua projeção no parceiro-em-potencial.
Palavras-chave: Masculinidade; Masculinização; Homoerotismo; Grindr; Performances.
Effects of Alcohol Taxation on Prices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pass-Through Rates
Authors: Nelson Jon P. , Moran John R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper conducts the first review and meta-analysis for estimates of alcohol excise tax pass-through rates. A total of 30 empirical studies are examined. Several widely cited studies indicate substantial overshifting, suggesting imperfectly-competitive markets for alcohol. The narrative review provides insights for data coverage by country; econometric models; and results for under- or overshifting by beverage. Weighted-averages calculated for two samples show that beer taxes are overshifted and wine-spirits taxes are fully shifted. Meta-regressions corrected for publication bias indicate, however, that full-shifting cannot be rejected for any beverage. Results are useful for alcohol tax policy and future research on optimal taxation and incidence.
Bacterial identification by lipid profiling using liquid atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Lellman Sophie E. , Cramer Rainer 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
In recent years, mass spectrometry (MS) has been applied to clinical microbial biotyping, exploiting the speed of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) in recording microbe-specific MS profiles. More recently, liquid atmospheric pressure (AP) MALDI has been shown to produce extremely stable ion flux from homogenous samples and ‘electrospray ionization (ESI)-like’ multiply charged ions for larger biomolecules, whilst maintaining the benefits of traditional MALDI including high tolerance to contaminants, low analyte consumption and rapid analysis. These and other advantages of liquid AP-MALDI MS have been explored in this study to investigate its potential in microbial biotyping.

Methods
Genetically diverse bacterial strains were analyzed using liquid AP-MALDI MS, including clinically relevant species such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bacterial cultures were subjected to a simple and fast extraction protocol using ethanol and formic acid. Extracts were spotted with a liquid support matrix (LSM) and analyzed using a Synapt G2-Si mass spectrometer with an in-house built AP-MALDI source.

Results
Each species produces a unique lipid profile in the m/z range of 400–1100, allowing species discrimination. Traditional (solid) MALDI MS produced spectra containing a high abundance of matrix-related clusters and an absence of lipid peaks. The MS profiles of the bacterial species tested form distinct clusters using principle component analysis (PCA) with a classification accuracy of 98.63% using a PCA-based prediction model.

Conclusions
Liquid AP-MALDI MS profiles can be sufficient to distinguish clinically relevant bacterial pathogens and other bacteria, based on their unique lipid profiles. The analysis of the lipid MS profiles is typically excluded from commercial instruments approved for clinical diagnostics.
Estimation of the tail-index in a conditional location-scale family of heavy-tailed distributions
Authors: Ahmad Aboubacrène Ag , Deme El Hadji , Diop Aliou , Girard Stéphane 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We introduce a location-scale model for conditional heavy-tailed distributions when the covariate is deterministic. First, nonparametric estimators of the location and scale functions are introduced. Second, an estimator of the conditional extreme-value index is derived. The asymptotic properties of the estimators are established under mild assumptions and their finite sample properties are illustrated both on simulated and real data.
On the Way to Brexit: From Opt-Outs to Opt-Ins and From Trade to High Politics
Authors: Tsoukalis Loukas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the negotiations with EU-27 following the Brexit referendum, the UK has tried to replace opt-ins with opt-outs. It has over-estimated its own bargaining power and its capacity to divide and rule. High politics has prevailed over economics, and the Irish backstop provision has been the main stumbling block in getting an agreement through the House of Commons. Hard Brexiteers may decide to test EU and Irish resolve to the limit in what could turn out to be a dangerous chicken game.
No Longer “The Economy Stupid”: How Muddled Economics Contributed to a Chaotic Brexit
Authors: Begg Iain 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Faustian bargain at the heart of Brexit can be portrayed as a trade-off between enhanced control and economic benefits. Most commentators expect the UK economy to take some sort of hit from leaving the UK, but in the words of one prominent ‘leave’ supporter, it would be a ‘price worth paying’, to regain control over decision-making.

https://www.politicshome.com/news/europe/eu-institutions/news/73963/arron-banks-%C2%A34300-loss-price-worth-paying-brexit.
For convinced Brexiteers, a UK unshackled from the EU will rapidly transform itself to be able to take advantage of opportunities in emerging markets and other dynamic parts of the global economy, while ‘remainers’ see distancing the UK from its largest market as an egregious act of self-harm. Both sides have been culpable of misleading statements. Similar dissembling occurred in relation to the public finances. The article explores how competing, poorly understood and often incoherent interpretations of economic propositions fed into Brexit, leading to misguided policy decisions and confusion in the debates around how to reset the UK’s economic relationship with the EU.