bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium channel blocker amlodipine besylate therapy is associated with reduced case fatality rate of COVID-19 patients with hypertension
Authors: Zhang Lei-Ke , Sun Yuan , Zeng Haolong , Wang Qingxing , Jiang Xiaming , Shang Wei-Juan , Wu Yan , Li Shufen , Zhang Yu-Lan , Hao Zhao-Nian , Chen Hongbo , Jin Runming , Liu Wei , Li Hao , Peng Ke , Xiao Gengfu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now spread to >200 countries posing a global public health concern. Patients with comorbidity, such as hypertension suffer more severe infection with elevated mortality. The development of effective antiviral drugs is in urgent need to treat COVID-19 patients. Here, we report that calcium channel blockers (CCBs), a type of antihypertensive drug that is widely used in clinics, inhibited the post-entry replication events of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, while no in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect was observed for the two other major types of antihypertensive drugs, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers. CCB combined with chloroquine showed a significantly enhanced anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy. A retrospective clinical investigation on hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypertension as the only comorbidity revealed that the CCB amlodipine besylate therapy was associated with a decreased case fatality rate. The results from this study suggest that CCB administration to COVID-19 patients with hypertension as the comorbidity might improve the disease outcome.
The molecular landscape of Asian breast cancers reveals clinically relevant population-specific differences
Authors: Pan Jia-Wern , Zabidi Muhammad Mamduh Ahmad , Ng Pei-Sze , Meng Mei-Yee , Hasan Siti Norhidayu , Sandey Bethan , Sammut Stephen-John , Yip Cheng-Har , Rajadurai Pathmanathan , Rueda Oscar M. , Caldas Carlos , Chin Suet-Feung , Teo Soo-Hwang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMolecular profiling of breast cancer has enabled the development of more robust molecular prognostic signatures and therapeutic options for breast cancer patients. However, non-Caucasian populations remain understudied. Here, we present the mutational, transcriptional, and copy number profiles of 560 Malaysian breast tumours and a comparative analysis of breast cancers arising in Asian and Caucasian women. Compared to breast tumours in Caucasian women, we show an increased prevalence of HER2-enriched molecular subtypes and higher prevalence of TP53 somatic mutations in ER+ Asian breast tumours. We also observe elevated immune scores in Asian breast tumours, suggesting potential clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Whilst HER2-subtype and enriched immune score are associated with improved survival, presence of TP53 somatic mutations is associated with poorer survival in ER+ tumours. Taken together, these population differences unveil opportunities to improve the understanding of this disease and lay the foundation for precision medicine in different populations.
The role of dissociation in ketamine’s antidepressant effects
Authors: Ballard Elizabeth D. , Zarate Carlos A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractKetamine produces immediate antidepressant effects and has inspired research into next-generation treatments. Ketamine also has short term dissociative effects, in which individuals report altered consciousness and perceptions of themselves and their environment. However, whether ketamine’s dissociative side effects are necessary for its antidepressant effects remains unclear. This perspective examines the relationship between dissociative effects and acute and longer-lasting antidepressant response to ketamine and other N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Presently, the literature does not support the conclusion that dissociation is necessary for antidepressant response to ketamine. However, further work is needed to explore the relationship between dissociation and antidepressant response at the molecular, biomarker, and psychological levels.
In vivo diversification of target genomic sites using processive base deaminase fusions blocked by dCas9
Authors: Álvarez Beatriz , Mencía Mario , de Lorenzo Víctor , Fernández Luis Ángel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn vivo mutagenesis systems accelerate directed protein evolution but often show restricted capabilities and deleterious off-site mutations on cells. To overcome these limitations, here we report an in vivo platform to diversify specific DNA segments based on protein fusions between various base deaminases (BD) and the T7 RNA polymerase (T7RNAP) that recognizes a cognate promoter oriented towards the target sequence. Transcriptional elongation of these fusions generates transitions C to T or A to G on both DNA strands and in long DNA segments. To delimit the boundaries of the diversified DNA, the catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) is tethered with custom-designed crRNAs as a “roadblock” for BD-T7RNAP elongation. Using this T7-targeted dCas9-limited in vivo mutagenesis (T7-DIVA) system, rapid molecular evolution of the antibiotic resistance gene TEM-1 is achieved. While the efficiency is demonstrated in E. coli, the system can be adapted to a variety of bacterial and eukaryotic hosts.
Cryo-electron tomography structure of Arp2/3 complex in cells reveals new insights into the branch junction
Authors: Fäßler Florian , Dimchev Georgi , Hodirnau Victor-Valentin , Wan William , Schur Florian K. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe actin-related protein (Arp)2/3 complex nucleates branched actin filament networks pivotal for cell migration, endocytosis and pathogen infection. Its activation is tightly regulated and involves complex structural rearrangements and actin filament binding, which are yet to be understood. Here, we report a 9.0 Å resolution structure of the actin filament Arp2/3 complex branch junction in cells using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging. This allows us to generate an accurate model of the active Arp2/3 complex in the branch junction and its interaction with actin filaments. Notably, our model reveals a previously undescribed set of interactions of the Arp2/3 complex with the mother filament, significantly different to the previous branch junction model. Our structure also indicates a central role for the ArpC3 subunit in stabilizing the active conformation.
Enduro World Series (EWS) Mountain Biking Injuries: A 2-year Prospective Study of 2010 Riders
Authors: Palmer Debbie , Florida-James Geraint , Ball Chris 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe sport of Enduro is the newest International Cycling Union sanctioned discipline in mountain biking. There are a number of studies reporting mountain biking injury to date however there are none detailing injuries in Enduro. The aim of the present study was to determine the rate, severity and nature of rider injury during the Enduro World Series. Rider injury, and race and practice exposure data were recorded prospectively during 10 events across the 2017 and 2018 seasons. Incorporating 2010 riders (males 90%; females 10%) from 46 countries. 8.9% of riders were injured with mean 12.3 days time-loss per injury. Racing injury incidence was 38.3/1000 hours and practice injury incidence 3.6/1000 hours (p=0.01). The shoulder/clavicle (12.8% of all injuries), hand (9.0%) and head (9.0%) were the most injured locations. Concussion injury was the most frequent diagnosis (7.4%), and shoulder/clavicle fractures caused the greatest burden (442 total days lost). Of those with concussion 28.6% continued racing, and 42.9% reported no time-loss (i. e. time off) post-race. In conclusion, the rate of injury during EWS race events was comparable to Downhill racing. Targeted injury prevention strategies around rider concussion education and rider qualification criteria may help to reduce the risk of injury in Enduro.
Interdisziplinäres Management von Clivuschordomen
Authors: Haubner Frank , Rachinger Walter 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungClivuschordome gehören zu den seltenen Tumoren der Schädelbasis. Das aggressive Wachstumsverhalten und der Lagebezug zu kritischen Strukturen erfordern ein interdisziplinäres Management. Im Mittelpunkt der Therapie steht hier die möglichst vollständige Tumorresektion unter Erhalt der neurologischen Funktionen des Patienten. Hierbei bietet sich der endonasale endoskopische Zugang besonders an. Postoperativ wird in der Regel eine adjuvante Therapie mittels Protonenbestrahlung empfohlen, da hiermit auch residuelles Tumorgewebe kontrolliert und das Langzeitüberleben der Patienten verbessert werden kann.Eine „targeted tumour therapy“ basierend auf den individuellen molekularbiologischen Charakteristiken der Chordome könnte in Zukunft eine neue medikamentöse Therapieoption darstellen.
Fratura de Tillaux não percebida e lesão por sindesmose em adultos: Redução e fixação artroscópica assistida
Authors: Oliveira Nuno , Pinho Pedro , Baptista Mário , Freitas Daniel , Varanda Pedro , Pereira Bruno S. 
Published: December 2020

ResumoAs fraturas de Tillaux são fraturas da margem lateral da tíbia distal, geralmente relatadas em crianças entre 12 e 14 anos. Como fraturas intra-articulares, requerem redução e fixação anatômica para evitar complicações pós-traumáticas. Como o mecanismo de lesão é a rotação externa do pé na perna, essas lesões são comumente associadas a outras fraturas ou lesões ligamentares. Atualmente, a artroscopia está sendo cada vez mais utilizada para auxiliar e melhorar o tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas do tornozelo. Os autores descrevem um acompanhamento de 12 meses de um caso raro de uma fratura não percebida de Tillaux associada a lesão por sindesmose em um paciente de politrauma com 76 anos de idade, tratado com sucesso por redução e fixação interna assistida por artroscopia.
Bacteremia Due to Kosakonia cowanii in a Preterm Neonate
Authors: Duployez Claire , Edun-Renard Marie-Eve , Kipnis Eric , Dessein Rodrigue , Le Guern Rémi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLow-birthweight infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units are at high risk of hospital-acquired infections by opportunistic pathogens. The gut microbiota of preterm neonates lacks commensal bacteria providing a barrier against pathogens. We report a case of bacteremia due to Kosakonia cowanii in a preterm neonate.A female baby of 680 g was delivered through a cesarean-section at 28 weeks of gestation due to intrauterine growth retardation and fetal rhythm abnormalities. On day 27, two blood cultures grew gram-negative bacilli in a context of functional ileus. No reliable identification could be obtained using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight, biochemical reactions with the VITEK 2 GN ID card, or 16S rDNA sequencing. K. cowanii was finally identified by gyrB sequencing. The source of infection may have been either the central venous catheter or translocation from the gut microbiota. Evolution was favorable after 14 days of cefepime (combined with amikacin for 5 days) and central venous catheter removal.
K. cowanii is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family that was recently reclassified from the Enterobacter genus. Human infections due to K. cowanii are scarce and have mainly been associated with traumatic inoculation from plants or transient gut colonization. K. cowanii may be an underestimated opportunistic pathogen in susceptible populations such as preterm neonates.
Evaluation of Antigenicity of Components of Tracheal Allotransplant and Effect of Immunosuppressant Regime in a Rodent Model
Authors: Sharma Dimpy , Iyer Subramania , Subramaniam Sobha , Ramu Janarthanan , Sharma Mohit , Nambiar Ajit , Unni AKK , S. Sivanarayanan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground Tracheal transplantation seems to be the logical step in the process of reconstruction of the trachea following a long-segment resection, which is usually done to treat malignant disease or benign stenosis of the airway caused by a traumatic, congenital, inflammatory, or iatrogenic lesion. Immunosuppression following transplant is essential but not ideal after oncoresection.Methods The tracheal allografts, harvested from Sprague Dawley rats, were implanted in the Wistar strain rat. The harvested tracheal grafts were divided into groups and subgroups, based on the layers of trachea, method of decellularization, and immunosuppression. The antigenicity of different layers of trachea and the effect of various decellularization methods were studied within three time frames, that is, day 3, 9, and 15.Result On structural analysis, the day 3 and day 15 samples showed no meaningful comparison could be made, due to extensive neutrophil infiltration in all three layers. The day 9 tracheal grafts showed loss of epithelium, with no signs of regeneration in most of the allografts. The subepithelial lymphoid infiltration was found to be severe in nonimmunosuppressed allografts. The group in which both inner and outer layers were removed showed moderate-to-severe infiltrate of lymphoid cells in all the allografts, but there was no cartilage loss, irrespective of the method of decellularization. The irradiated specimens retained the cartilage but showed extensive ischemic damage.Conclusion Rat trachea is a good model for tracheal transplant research but not adequately sturdy to sustain mechanical debridement. Irradiation and chemical decellularization eliminates the immune response but causes intense ischemic damage. Out of the three time frames, day 9 seemed to be the best to study the immune response. To substantiate the results obtained in this study, the immunohistochemical study of the allografts is needed to be performed among a larger group of animals.
Violence against women in politics
Authors: Alam Zainab 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper explores the protest claims of Pakistani women against the everyday oppression of traditional gender
roles and the complex backlash they provoke as an instance of violence against women in politics. Taking the annual Aurat
March (Women’s March) as a focal point, I analyze the provocative placards and slogans that have gone viral in both
traditional and digital media and investigate the misogynistic counter attacks launched by conservatives, men’s rights advocates,
and anti-feminists. Contesting narrow definitions of the political in mainstream research, I argue that Aurat
March protesters and activists are women in politics and that counter-discourses, designed to
delegitimize the protest and the women’s issues it represents, constitute a mode of discursive violence that should be included in
scholarly and activist discussions of violence against women in politics.
Incongruous and illegitimate
Authors: Kuperberg Rebecca 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Violence against women in politics encompasses physical, psychological, economic, sexual and semiotic forms of
violence, targeting women because their gender is seen as threatening to hegemonic political norms. Theoretical debates over these
categories and empirical applications to global cases often overlook that backgrounds and lived experiences of women in politics
can differ considerably. Using the United Kingdom as a case study, in this article I analyze different manifestations of online
semiotic violence – violence perpetrated through words and images seeking to render women incompetent and invisible (Krook 2020, 187) – against female, religious-minority politicians. Through a qualitative
discursive approach, I identify patterns and strategies of violence in an original dataset of Twitter posts that mention the
usernames of seven prominent Muslim and Jewish female politicians. Results show that multiply-marginalized politicians are exposed
to both sexist and racist rhetoric online. In this case, semiotic violence functions to render women incompetent using racist
disloyalty tropes as well as to render women invisible by invalidating their testimonies of abuse.
Are gold hoop earrings and a dab of red lipstick enough to get even Democrats on the offensive?
Authors: Rasulo Margaret 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccording to news media outlets, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (AOC), the newly-elected Democratic representative from New York, has stirred up conflicting feelings among Republicans and Democrats on Capitol Hill, attracting criticism, mockery and disapproval from both parties. The overarching aim of this study is to explore the extent to which these attitudes are acts of verbal aggression often dissimulated as patronizing warnings or manifestations of an opinion (Ramirez and Andreu 2003;Wodak 2015). In particular, by analyzing a corpus of headlines regarding AOC’s political persona and activism collected from six major conservative and liberal newspapers circulating in the US, the study aims to detect linguistic markers associated with aggression and verify their level of toxicity (Musolff 2012). To this purpose, both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches are used with particular reference to Corpus Linguistics (Baker et al. 2008;Kilgariff et al. 2014) and the Discourse-Historical Approach (Reisigl and Wodak 2001,2016). Findings show that biased mediatized political discourse can influence attitudes toward aggressive speech behavior, and, therefore, intensify the devious nature of aggressive acts.
Tales from the South
Authors: Biar Liana de Andrade , Orton Naomi , Bastos Liliana Cabral 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article presents some of the theoretical-epistemological assumptions and methods which underpin Narrative Analysis in Brazil. In the niche we have carved out for ourselves, we combine (auto)ethnographic techniques with analytical tools which draw on both narrative analysis and sociolinguistics, as well as discourse analysis more widely speaking. In this paper, we especially seek to address what we consider the symbiotic relationship between the aforementioned field of study and contemporary transdisciplinary social research. This is done by showcasing examples of narrative research carried out in Brazil, particularly those motivated by sociopolitical concerns. Moreover, we aim to contribute to the debate ignited in post-truth times by the performative view we take of language, and so to speak narrative, by contemplating the practical repercussions of innovations stemming from the current state of affairs within the context of our own investigations.
Compressed sensing of large-scale local field potentials using adaptive sparsity analysis and non-convex optimization
Authors: Sun Biao , Zhang Han , Zhang Yunyan , Wu Zexu , Bao Botao , Hu Yong , Li Ting 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective. Energy consumption is a critical issue in resource-constrained wireless neural recording applications with limited data bandwidth. Compressed sensing (CS) has emerged as a powerful framework in addressing this issue owing to its highly efficient data compression procedure. In this paper, a CS-based approach termed simultaneous analysis non-convex optimization (SANCO) is proposed for large-scale, multi-channel local field potentials (LFPs) recording. Approach. The SANCO method consists of three parts: (1) the analysis model is adopted to reinforce sparsity of the multi-channel LFPs, therefore overcoming the drawbacks of conventional synthesis models. (2) An optimal continuous order difference matrix is constructed as the analysis operator, enhancing the recovery performance while saving both computational resources and data storage space. (3) A non-convex optimizer that can by efficiently solved with alternating direction method of multipliers is developed for multi-channel LFPs reconstruction. Main results. Experimental results on real datasets reveal that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art CS methods in terms of both recovery quality and computational efficiency. Significance. Energy efficiency of the SANCO make it an ideal candidate for resource-constrained, large scale wireless neural recording. Particularly, the proposed method ensures that the key features of LFPs had little degradation even when data are compressed by 16x, making it very suitable for long term wireless neural recording applications.
On obtaining information about the structure and quality of investigated objects revealed from streams of data through the method for identifying structures
Authors: Antonyuk N A , Kataev S G , Kataeva S S , Kelderman H , Klein Wolterink M , Miller A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This work is devoted to the study of the possibility of using the Method of Identifying Structures in solving important practical problems. The first task is to recognize the type of raw material on the moving conveyor belt based on the reflected radar signal. The second is to determine the structure of the subsurface layer based on data obtained by gamma-ray logging and borehole measurements. The conducted research shows the effectiveness of the proposed method and possibility to obtain more information about the quality and state of the object by not only looking at a single measurement, but instead looking at consecutive measurements as on a data stream.
Extending phpMorhy with dialect words
Authors: Gromov Maxim L , Zemicheva Svetlana S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper describes the work done to create a tool for adding new (dialect) words into the dictionary of phpMorphy. PhpMorphy is a tool written in PHP which helps to annotate a word with grammatical information. It was chosen because it needs not to be trained and it can be integrated into PHP based text corpora search system relatively simply. The search is planned to be done over inverse index of words. The search requests are supposed to contain desired grammatical description of words (eg, “find all feminine adjectives”, etc.). For that reason inverse index should contain grammatical information. The process of adding new words into phpMorphy dictionary technically is not hard however it is time consuming and tedious. To facilitate this work the mentioned tool was developed. Also paper describes the process how the words to add into the phpMorphy dictionary were selected. The words from the given dialect dictionary were run through phpMorphy. If phpMorphy correctly recognizes a word, then it should not be added into the phpMorphy dictionary. Otherwise it should be.
Experience of ontological modeling as bases for use in BIM
Authors: Gushchin A N , Divakova M N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The traditional technology for designing building documentation uses a staged approach: first, an architect expresses a conceptual idea, which is then specifies by a planners and a constructor embodied in the building documentation. The transition to BIM technologies creates a fundamentally new environment for design. The article discusses how an architect have to adapt to new working conditions in order to maintain his leading role as a conceptual developer. It is demonstrated that the solution to the problem can be the use of the ontological modelling language by the architect.
Determining temperature and partial pressures of the components of a high-temperature gas mixture using artificial neural networks
Authors: Kashirskii D E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article deals with solving the inverse problem of gaseous media optics by determining the parameters of high-temperature gaseous media from its transmittances using the artificial neural networks. The study of the dependence of the maximum relative error in determining the desired parameters on the size of the training set and the artificial neural network configuration is carried out. The possibility of solving the inverse problem in the case of a four-component gas mixture (water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon oxide and nitrogen oxide) is shown.