bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing textbook outcomes among patients undergoing surgery for cancer at U. S. News & World Report ranked hospitals
Authors: Mehta Rittal , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Paredes Anghela Z. , Sahara Kota , Moro Amika , Farooq Ayesha , White Susan , Ejaz Aslam , Tsung Allan , Dillhoff Mary , Cloyd Jordan M. , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of the current study was to define and compare rates of textbook outcomes (TO) among patients undergoing colorectal, lung, esophagus, liver, and pancreatic surgery for cancer at U.S. News & World Report (USNWR) ranked hospitals.MethodsMedicare Inpatient Standard Analytic Files 2013‐2015 were utilized to examine the relationship of TO and USNWR hospital ratings following surgery for colorectal, lung, esophageal, pancreatic, and liver cancer. TO was defined as no postoperative surgical complications, no prolonged length of hospital stay, no readmission within 90 days after discharge, and no postoperative mortality within 90 days after surgery.ResultsAmong the 35,352 Medicare patients included in the cohort, 16,820 (47.6%) underwent surgery at honor roll hospitals, whereas 18 532 (52.4%) underwent surgery at non‐honor roll hospitals. The overall proportion of patients who achieved TO was 50.1%. In examining the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent surgery, there was no difference in the odds of achieving TO at honor roll vs non‐honor roll hospitals (colorectal: odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69‐1.10; lung: OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.87‐1.32; esophagus: OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 0.72‐2.89; liver: OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.87‐1.84; pancreas: OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.67‐1.62).Conclusion and RelevancePatients undergoing surgery for lung, esophageal, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancer had comparable rates of TO at honor roll vs non‐honor roll hospitals. No linear association was observed between hospital position in the rank and postoperative outcomes such as TO indicating that patients should not overly focus on the exact position within USNWR ranked hospitals. These data highlight to patients and physicians that up to one‐half of patients undergoing surgery for cancer should anticipate at least one adverse outcome.
Telescopic otology referrals: Evaluation of feasibility and acceptability
Authors: Cottrell Elizabeth , George Ajith , Coulson Chris , Chambers Ruth 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveA remote telemedical otology referral and advice service was introduced to interested general practices. General practitioners (GPs) were given a new device, “endoscope‐i” that combines an optimized smartphone high definition video app with an otoendoscope. They were specifically trained to examine and capture images of patients' eardrums, which were sent electronically with a summary of clinical information and an in‐app hearing testing (if required), for specialist advice to two ear, nose, and throat (ENT) consultants. We describe the findings from an evaluation of the first 6 months of this service to establish the feasibility and acceptability of an otology telemedical referral and advice service.MethodsThe new service was advertised to GP practices in Northern Staffordshire. All interested GPs were provided with training and equipment to deliver the remote referral service. Data were collected from GPs at baseline, informal feedback in response to referral outcomes and end of service feedback. Referral data were collected routinely during the service delivery.ResultsFifteen GP leads from 15 practices received training and equipment. One quickly lost the equipment. Of the remaining 14 practices, eight sent a total of 53 remote referrals using this technology over 6 months. The most common reason for referral was an uncertainty of what could be seen in or around the eardrum. The primary barrier for implementation was lack of wireless internet connections within practices. GPs reported that they used this technology to share examination findings with patients.ConclusionsGPs were positive about the technology, from initial engagement with training and after advice were given. Some GPs expanded the role of the technology to a consultation aid. Referral volume was manageable. Commissioners should consider tariffs structures for such services; empirical cost‐effectiveness and workload‐impact evaluation would inform this.
Two positive solutions for a Dirichlet problem with the (p,q)‐Laplacian
Authors: Sciammetta Angela , Tornatore Elisabetta 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to prove the existence of two solutions for a nonlinear elliptic problem involving the ‐Laplacian operator. The solutions are obtained by using variational methods and critical points theorems. The positivity of the solutions is shown by applying a generalized version of the strong maximum principle.
Global trends of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm research in the past two decades: A bibliometric study
Authors: Zhu Yuanyuan , Li Jiao Jiao , Reng Jian , Wang Siyang , Zhang Ruiqing , Wang Bin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation is a primary cause of chronic infections. This has been a highly active area of research over the past two decades due to causing high mortality risks in immunocompromised patients. This study evaluates global trends in the dynamic and rapidly evolving field of P. aeruginosa biofilm research through bibliometric and visualized analyses. Publications from 1994 to 2018 on P. aeruginosa biofilm research were retrieved from Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, and their bibliometric data were systematically studied. The VOSviewer software was used to conduct global analyses of bibliographic coupling, coauthorship, cocitation, and co‐occurrence. A total of 9,527 publications were included in this study. The overall number of publications and research interest in the field displayed a strongly rising trend. The USA made the greatest contributions to the field, with the highest h‐index and number of citations compared with other countries, while Denmark had the highest average citation per publication. The Journal of Bacteriology had the highest number of publications in the field, while the University of Copenhagen was the institution with the highest contribution influence. Co‐occurrence network maps revealed that the most prominent topics in P. aeruginosa biofilm research were mechanistic studies, in vitro/in vivo studies, and biofilm formation studies. Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms constitute a dynamic research area in microbiology with increasing global research interest. Future studies will likely focus on investigating the mechanisms of biofilm formation to solve infection‐associated clinical problems.
Nonsense suppression induced readthrough of a novel PAX6 mutation in patient‐derived cells of congenital aniridia
Authors: Liu Xiaoliang , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Bijun , Gao Haiming , Qiu Chuang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCongenital aniridia is a severe ocular abnormality characterized by incomplete formation of the iris and many other ocular complications. Most cases are caused by the paired box 6 (PAX6) gene mutations generating premature termination codons (PTCs).MethodsOphthalmic examination was performed on a Chinese pedigree with congenital aniridia. The mutation was identified by targeted next‐generation sequencing. Nonsense suppression therapy was applied on patient‐derived lymphocytes. The PAX6 expression was assayed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.ResultsComplete aniridia was complicated with horizontal nystagmus, contract, foveal hypoplasia, and microphthalmia. A novel heterozygous c.702_703delinsAT (p.Tyr234*) mutation was found in exon 9 of PAX6, generating a PTC at the homeodomain. There were about 50% reductions of both full‐length PAX6 protein and PAX6 mRNA in patient‐derived lymphocytes, indicating haploinsufficiency due to nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay. Ataluren (PTC124) and geneticin (G418) could induce about 30%–40% translational readthrough. Nonsense suppression therapy restored PAX6 protein to about 65%–70% of unaffected family controls.ConclusionOur data expanded the genetic and phenotypic variations of congenital aniridia, and showed the therapeutic effect of nonsense suppression on this disease using patient‐derived cells.
One‐step synthesis of polysiloxane graft polyethylene mimic: Non‐expensive compatibilizer for polyethylene/polysiloxane blend
Authors: Zhang Yongjie , Li Xiaopei , Zhu Wenqin , Fan Mingshuai , Wang Shuwei , Qu Minjie , Zhang Yi , Wang Shuai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPolysiloxane/polyolefin copolymers have drawn much attention recently and emerged as a new group of functional polyolefin since they possess distinctive properties and find great potential applications in many areas (eg, compatibilizer, processing aid and surface modifier). However, traditional routes to synthesize polysiloxane/polyolefin copolymers generally require multi‐step labor‐consuming procedures. Herein, we report a novel one‐step synthesis of polydimethylsiloxane graft polyethylene (PDMS‐g‐PE) mimics. It was found that PDMS‐g‐PE mimics, namely vinylmethylsiloxane‐dimethylsiloxane‐(C30‐45 alkyl)methylsiloxane copolymers (short for VD‐AMS), could be formed via a one‐step synthetic procedure based on the siloxane equilibrium process between silanol‐terminated vinylmethylsiloxane‐methylsiloxane copolymer and (C30‐45 alkyl)methylsilicone. The chemical structures of VD‐AMS were characterized unambiguously using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry. The correlation between reaction conditions and the structural parameters of VD‐AMS was established. Based on our experimental results, a plausible mechanism for the synthesis of VD‐AMS was proposed. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed that VD‐AMS could function as an efficient compatibilizer for immiscible PE/silicone blend. Given that the precursors of VD‐AMS are commercially available with low prices and that VD‐AMS can be easily synthesized under mild conditions, we believe VD‐AMS can represent as a competitive potential compatibilizer due to its relatively low cost.
Applying single‐cell technologies to clinical pathology: progress in nephropathology
Authors: Stewart Benjamin J , Clatworthy Menna R 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCells represent the basic building blocks of living organisms. Accurate characterisation of cellular phenotype, intercellular signalling networks, and the spatial organisation of cells within organs is crucial to deliver a better understanding of the processes underpinning physiology, and the perturbations that lead to disease. Single‐cell methodologies have increased rapidly in scale and scope in recent years and are set to generate important insights into human disease. Here, we review current practices in nephropathology, which are dominated by relatively simple morphological descriptions of tissue biopsies based on their appearance using light microscopy. Bulk transcriptomics have more recently been used to explore glomerular and tubulointerstitial kidney disease, renal cancer, and the responses to injury and alloimmunity in kidney transplantation, generating novel disease insights and prognostic biomarkers. These studies set the stage for single‐cell transcriptomic approaches that reveal cell‐type–specific gene expression patterns in health and disease. These technologies allow genome‐wide disease susceptibility genes to be interpreted with the knowledge of the specific cell populations within organs that express them, identifying candidate cell types for further study. Single‐cell technologies are also moving beyond assaying individual cellular transcriptomes, to measuring the epigenetic landscape of single cells. Single‐cell antigen‐receptor gene sequencing also enables specific T‐ and B‐cell clones to be tracked in different tissues and disease states. In the coming years these rich ‘multi‐omic’ descriptions of kidney disease will enable histopathological descriptions to be comprehensively integrated with molecular phenotypes, enabling better disease classification and prognostication and the application of personalised treatment strategies. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Whole‐field strain analysis and strength prediction of fiber laser machined CFRP laminate at elevated temperature
Authors: Li Maojun , Gan Guocui , Li Bin , Yang Xujing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHigh power fiber laser was proved to be feasible to cut carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate with high efficiency, while the machined quality on mechanical performance was not fully understood. This paper studied the effect of high temperature up to 220°C on tensile strength degradation and strain distribution of unidirectional CFRP laminate with open hole machined with fiber laser. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was firstly employed to determine the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymer‐matrix composite. Digital image correlation technique was applied to evaluate whole‐field strain distribution and crack propagation/evolution of CFRP laminate featured with open hole under tensile loading. Results showed that the tensile strength of laser machined CFRP laminate degraded significantly during working in high temperature above 100°C. The value of strains distributed around center hole was highly related to the elevated temperature and applied load levels. Splitting was the prevalent failure mode of CFRP laminate under elevated temperature up to 180°C. Finally, semi‐empirical model was developed for evaluating tensile performance of laser machined CFRP laminate at elevated temperature based on regression analysis.
Study of solar irradiance and performance analysis of submerged monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar cells
Authors: Enaganti Prasanth K. , Dwivedi Prabhat K. , Srivastava Alok K. , Goel Sanket 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnderwater photovoltaic (PV) systems supported with modern‐day technology can lead to possible solutions for the lack of long‐term power sources in marine electronics, navy corps, and many other remotely operated underwater power systems. Currently, most of these systems are powered by conventional batteries, which are bulky, costly, and require periodic maintenance and replacement. Harnessing the underwater Solar energy by using Solar PV cells is simple, reliable, and leads to tremendous advantageous as water itself provides cooling, cleaning, and avoid challenges due to land constraints. The present work encompasses an experimental study on Solar radiation in water and its changes with varying water conditions. Accordingly, the performance of monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon solar cells with different submerged water conditions and water depths up to 20 cm has been studied. Most importantly, these studies have been carried out with different types of water conditions, consisting of salinity, bacteria, algae, and other water impurities. These investigation results manifest that the percentage decrease of maximum power output in monocrystalline and polycrystalline Solar cells is 65.85% and 62.55%, respectively, in the case of ocean water conditions, whereas in deionized (DI) water conditions, it is 63.06% and 60.72% up to 20 cm. Such results conclude that valuable amount of Solar energy is can be explored underwater. These experimental studies pave the way to explore further to utilize Solar PV cells efficiently in underwater conditions.
Teacher training in K–12 student mental health: A systematic review
Authors: Ohrt Jonathan H. , Deaton Jennifer D. , Linich Kathryn , Guest Jessie D. , Wymer Brooke , Sandonato Brittany 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTeachers are in a unique position to identify and support students who experience mental health concerns. The purpose of this systematic review was to (a) identify current available evidence‐based teacher training programs related to students' mental health, (b) review the content and delivery methods of the training, and (c) evaluate the quality of the research designs and evaluation methods of the training. Most training programs are delivered face‐to‐face and include interactive discussion and content knowledge. Content varied among the training programs. Most studies found improved knowledge among teachers; however, no studies found improvement in effective communication.
Is whole body vibration an alternative physical training method for renal transplant recipients?
Authors: de Melo Marinho Patrícia Érika , da Rocha Lívia Gomes , de Araújo Filho José Cândido , Sañudo Borja , Seixas Adérito , de Andrade Arméle Dornelas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of a 12‐week whole‐body vibration (WBV) training program on quadriceps muscle strength, quadriceps thickness, the 6‐min walk test (6MWT), respiratory muscle strength and quality of life in adults with a kidney transplant.MethodFive renal transplant recipients (age: 43–52 years; body mass: 67.1 kg; height: 1.60 m) were examined individually before and after a 12‐week WBV program (two weekly sessions, 35 Hz frequency, 2–4 mm amplitude) using quadriceps strength, quadriceps thickness, 6‐min walking test, inspiratory muscle strength and quality of life.ResultsThere were no complications during WBV protocol, and the program was considered safe. Two of the participants changed quadriceps muscle strength, and one increased muscle thickness. Inspiratory muscle strength improved in one participant. The distance covered on 6MWT increased for two participants. Most of the subjects (P3, P4 and P5) reported improved quality of life, mainly regarding pain and social aspects.ConclusionThe protocol improved the physical function and quality of life in some of the patients. However, WBV training prescription should be adjusted according to individual needs. Thus, studying the use of WBV in this patient group is necessary to understand and apply the benefits for this population.
The influence of DACCIWA radiosonde data on the quality of ECMWF analyses and forecasts over southern West Africa
Authors: van der Linden Roderick , Knippertz Peter , Fink Andreas H. , Ingleby Bruce , Maranan Marlon , Benedetti Angela 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDuring the DACCIWA (Dynamics–Aerosol–Chemistry–Cloud Interactions in West Africa) field campaign ∼900 radiosondes were launched from 12 stations in southern West Africa from 15 June to 31 July 2016. Subsequently, data‐denial experiments were conducted using the Integrated Forecasting System of the European Centre for Medium‐range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) to assess the radiosondes' impact on the quality of analyses and forecasts. As observational reference, satellite‐based estimates of rainfall and outgoing long‐wave radiation (OLR) as well as the radiosonde measurements themselves are used. With regard to the analyses, the additional observations show positive impacts on winds throughout the troposphere and lower stratosphere, while large lower‐tropospheric cold and dry biases are hardly reduced. Nonetheless, downstream, that is farther inland from the radiosonde stations, we find a significant increase (decrease) in low‐level night‐time temperatures (monsoon winds) when incorporating the DACCIWA observations, suggesting a possible linkage via weaker cold air advection from the Gulf of Guinea. The associated lower relative humidity leads to reduced cloud cover in the DACCIWA analysis. Closer to the coast and over Benin and Togo, DACCIWA observations increase low‐level specific humidity and precipitable water, possibly due to changes in advection and vertical mixing. During daytime, differences between the two analyses are generally smaller at low levels. With regard to the forecasts, the impact of the additional observations is lost after a day or less. Moderate improvements occur in low‐level wind and temperature but also in rainfall over the downstream Sahel, while impacts on OLR are ambiguous. The changes in precipitation appear to also affect high‐level cloud cover and the tropical easterly jet. The overall rather small observation impact suggests that model and data assimilation deficits are the main limiting factors for better forecasts in West Africa. The new observations and physical understanding from DACCIWA can hopefully contribute to reducing these issues.
Application of hardware reliability calculation procedures according to ISO 26262 standard
Authors: Famfulik Jan , Richtar Michal , Rehak Radek , Smiraus Jakub , Dresler Pavel , Fusek Martin , Mikova Jana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe second edition of standard ISO 26262 (ed. 2018) for functional safety assessment in the automotive industry requires a hardware evaluation using the probabilistic metric for random hardware failures (PMHF). The standard for mentioned purpose highly recommends the fault tree analysis (FTA) utilization but does not give any specific calculation example. Therefore, this article describes computational procedures with derivation and explanation of mathematical formulas for various hardware architectures of electronic systems. Described formulas consider impact of multiple failures and impact of elf‐tests, but formulas are relatively simple. This simplicity allows them to be used in the early stages of hardware development when frequent hardware design changes can be expected. Thus, the article with attached case study is intended not only for scientists but also for developers of critical safety–related electronic systems in the automotive industry.
Iterative learning control for nonlinear differential inclusion systems
Authors: Liu Shengda , Wang JinRong , Shen Dong , Fečkan Michal 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn this paper, we propose an iterative learning control strategy to track a desired trajectory for a class of uncertain systems governed by nonlinear differential inclusions. By imposing Lipschitz continuous condition on a set‐valued mapping described by a closure of the convex hull of a set and using D‐type and PD‐type updating laws with initial iterative learning, we establish the iterative learning process and give a new convergence analysis with the help of Steiner‐type selector. Finally, numerical examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method with suitable selection of set‐valued mappings. An application to the speed control of robotic fish is also given.