bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What difficulties do people with mild intellectual disabilities experience when seeking medical help from their GP? A qualitative study
Authors: Oosterveld‐Vlug Mariska , Oldenkamp Marloes , Mastebroek Mathilde , Boeije Hennie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities often have low health literacy as a result of their limited language comprehension. The aim of this study was to explore the difficulties Dutch people with intellectual disabilities experience during the process of considering and seeking medical help from their GP. The study was intended as input for an online intervention supporting health literacy.MethodsA qualitative study, in which 12 semi‐structured interviews were conducted with people with mild intellectual disabilities and 4 with relatives of people with mild intellectual disabilities. The interviews were analysed following the principles of thematic analysis.ResultsDifficulties were experienced in the following activities: assessing and proactively reacting to health complaints, processing health information, communicating with a GP and retaining information from the consultation. Support workers and relatives play an important role in all these activities.ConclusionsTo increase the capacity of people with intellectual disabilities to manage their health and seek care from their GP, it is important to support them in the activities they find difficult. Recommendations resulting from the study have been incorporated in an online intervention.
Risk of forced marriage amongst people with learning disabilities in the UK: Perspectives of South Asian carers
Authors: McCarthy Michelle , Clawson Rachael , Patterson Anne , Fyson Rachel , Khan Luftha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities are at increased risk of forced marriage compared to those without intellectual disabilities. In the UK, this risk is particularly, though not exclusively, associated with South Asian communities and is linked to the desire to secure long‐term care.MethodFocus groups and semi‐structured interviews were undertaken with South Asian parents and family carers (n = 22) of adults with intellectual disability and the resultant data thematically analysed.ResultsAlthough securing care for their intellectually disabled relative was identified as a key motivator for forced marriage, other important themes also emerged. These included cultural and religious beliefs about disability and marriage, and limited understanding of relevant laws. Factors militating against forced marriage were also identified, including fears of abuse and neglect.ConclusionsImplications for the provision of services and the need for improved access to information on forced marriage of people with intellectual disabilities are highlighted.
Influence of altitude on hypertension phenotypes and responses to antihypertensive therapy: Review of the literature and design of the INTERVENCION trial
Authors: Medina‐Lezama Josefina , Herrera‐Enriquez Karela , Narvaez‐Guerra Offdan , Chirinos Julio A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSystemic arterial hypertension constitutes the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and affects people living at different altitudes above sea level (AASL). AASL has a major impact on cardiovascular function and various biologic pathways that regulate blood pressure–related phenotypes, but whether it affects the clinical response to antihypertensive therapy is unknown. The hemodynamic adaptations observed among lowlanders acutely exposed to high altitude (HA) is distinct from those observed among HA dwellers. However, the phenotypic patterns of hypertension and the response to standard antihypertensive agents among adults chronically exposed to different AASL are poorly understood. The authors describe the protocol for the INTERVENCION trial, a randomized clinical trial designed to assess the effects of three first‐line antihypertensive monotherapies (a thiazide diuretic, an angiotensin receptor blocker, and a calcium channel blocker) on peripheral and central blood pressure, in‐office blood pressure, and ambulatory blood pressure hemodynamics of hypertensive patients living at different AASL (low altitude, intermediate altitude, and high altitude). The primary end point is the reduction in 24‐hour brachial systolic blood pressure. The INTERVENCION trial will provide the first clinical trial data regarding the influence of AASL on the response to antihypertensive monotherapy, as well as the hemodynamic characteristics of arterial hypertension at different AASL.
Abnormal cardiac and metabolic measures correlate significantly with lower performance and activity in overweight chronic liver disease
Authors: Price Jillian , Escheik Carey , Weinstein Ali , Winter Patrice , Gerber Lynn , Younossi Zobair 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPeople with Hepatitis C (HCV) and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the United States follow national trends toward a sedentary lifestyle and are increasingly at risk for hypertension. The intent of this study was to identify potential correlates of exercise tolerance in people with two types of chronic liver disease (CLD)‐NAFLD and HCV. Measures included cardiac output, oxygen consumption and stroke volume, blood pressure, distance walked in 6 minutes, clinical laboratory tests, and medications influencing the autonomic nervous system, patient self‐reports of activity, fatigue, and health‐related quality of life (HRQL). A total of 67 patients completed the 6‐minute walk test [45.1% Female, Age 51.7 ± 8.0 years, Body Mass Index 32.8 ± 5.9, 60% HCV]. At baseline, 70% had either diastolic (DBP) or systolic blood pressure outside normal range. Performance and cardiorespiratory measures correlated strongly with one another, but not with activity. Patients with abnormal DBP reported significantly lower maximum activity (MAS; r = −.254, P = .041, CI = −0.51 to −0.010; MAS 70.6 vs 82.5), significantly higher DBP post‐6‐minute walk test (r = .524, P = .0001, CI = 0.287‐0.762) and significantly lower overall HRQL items related to physical domains (r = .273, P = .029, CI = −0.518 to −0.029). Mental‐domain HRQL and depression measures did not correlate significantly with blood pressure. This study reports a significant correlation between both pre‐hypertensive and hypertensive DBP, poor physical‐domain self‐reports, HRQL, and performance in CLD patients.
Puerarin inhibits titanium particle‐induced osteolysis and RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis via suppression of the NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Tang Wenkai , Xiao Long , Ge Gaoran , Zhong Mengdan , Zhu Jie , Qin Jialin , Feng Chencheng , Zhang Wenhao , Bai Jiaxiang , Zhu Xuesong , Wei Minggang , Geng Dechun , Wang Zhirong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOsteolysis around the prosthesis and subsequent aseptic loosening are the main causes of prosthesis failure. Inflammation due to wear particles and osteoclast activation are the key factors in osteolysis and are also potential targets for the treatment of osteolysis. However, it is not clear whether puerarin can inhibit chronic inflammation and alleviate osteolysis. In this study, we investigated the effect of puerarin on Ti particle‐induced inflammatory osteolysis in vivo in rat femoral models and in vitro in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclast activation models. Our in vivo results showed that puerarin significantly inhibited Ti particle‐induced osteolysis and the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP‐9), nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interleukin (IL)‐6. In vitro, puerarin prevented RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption and F‐actin ring formation in a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, puerarin decreased the phosphorylation of p65 and prevented p65 moving from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Puerarin also reduced the expression of osteoclast‐specific factors and inhibited the inflammatory response. In conclusion, our study proves that puerarin can block the NF‐κB signalling pathway to inhibit osteoclast activation and inflammatory processes, which provides a new direction for the treatment of osteolysis‐related diseases.
A phase 4, randomized, head‐to‐head trial comparing the efficacy of subcutaneous injections of brodalumab to oral administrations of fumaric acid esters in adults with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis (CHANGE)
Authors: Pinter A. , Hoffmann M. , Reich K. , Augustin M. , Kaplan K. , Gudjónsdóttir S.D. , Delvin T. , Mrowietz U. ,   the CHANGE investigator group
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundBrodalumab is a fully human monoclonal immunoglobulin IgG2 antibody that binds to the human IL‐17 receptor subunit A and by that inhibits the biologic action of IL‐17A, IL‐17F, IL‐17C and IL‐17E. Therapy with fumaric acid esters (FAE) is a well established and widely used first‐line systemic treatment for subjects with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis.ObjectivesTo compare brodalumab to FAE in terms of clinical efficacy, patient‐reported outcomes and safety in subjects with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis who were naïve to systemic treatment.MethodsEligible subjects were randomized 1 : 1 to 210 mg brodalumab injections or oral FAE according to product label in this 24‐week, open‐label, assessor‐blinded, multi‐centre, head‐to‐head phase 4 trial. The primary endpoints were having PASI75 and having sPGA score of 0 or 1 (sPGA 0/1). Subjects with missing values for the primary endpoints were considered non‐responders.ResultsA total of 210 subjects were randomized. 91/105 subjects completed brodalumab treatment and 58/105 subjects completed FAE treatment. At Week 24, significantly more subjects in the brodalumab group compared to the FAE group had PASI75 (81.0% vs. 38.1%, P < 0.001) and sPGA 0/1 (64.8% vs. 20.0%, P < 0.001). In the brodalumab group, the median time to both PASI75 and to PASI90 was significantly shorter than in the FAE group (4.1 weeks vs. 16.4 weeks, and 7.4 weeks vs. 24.4 weeks, respectively, P < 0.0001 for both). The rate of adverse events was lower in subjects treated with brodalumab compared to subjects treated with FAE (616.4 vs. 1195.8 events per 100 exposure years). No new safety signals were detected for brodalumab.ConclusionsBrodalumab was associated with rapid and significant improvements in signs and symptoms of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis, with a superior efficacy profile to what was observed with FAE in systemic‐naïve subjects over 24 weeks.
Infection of the Carpathian brook lamprey (Eudontomyzon danfordi Regan, 1911) with a dermocystid parasite in the Tisza River Basin, Hungary
Authors: Sellyei Boglárka , Cech Gábor , Varga Ádám , Molnár Kálmán , Székely Csaba , Somogyi Dóra , Nyeste Krisztián , Antal László 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Carpathian brook lamprey (Eudontomyzon danfordi Regan, 1911) is an endemic protected species of Cephalaspidomorphi in the Carpathian Basin. No parasites have become known from these jawless vertebrates to date. Here, the authors describe an infection from a single specimen manifesting in protuberant skin cysts 7–10 mm in diameter, scattered on the body surface. Similar dermal infection was observed in 25 of the 274 lampreys recorded in the population survey. Skin cysts filled with round spore‐like structures of a dermocystid parasite were found. These particles measured 8–14 µm in diameter and had an about 0.5 µm thick wall, and containing mainly a granular mass and a relatively scarce plasma. No hyphae were recorded. Despite conspicuous morphological changes in the skin, no inflammatory reactions were found. The molecular analysis of 18S rDNA showed similarity to dermocystid species of several fish species but differed from them approximately by 2%. This is the first record of a dermocystid parasite infecting a jawless vertebrate.
Hypochlorous acid water prevents postoperative intrauterine infection after microwave endometrial ablation
Authors: Tsuda Akira , Kanaoka Yasushi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimWe investigated the effects of uterine cavity lavage using hypochlorous acid water (HClO) on preventing postoperative intrauterine infection after microwave endometrial ablation (MEA).MethodsFour hundred and eleven consecutive patients were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: 214 cases in 2014–2016 with disinfection using povidone‐iodine antiseptic solution alone (group A) and 197 cases in 2017–2019 with additional intrauterine douche using HClO (group B). HClO was used at a concentration of 200 ppm of residual chlorine. One gram of Ceftriaxone Sodium Hydrate was administered by drip infusion during MEA in both groups. Oral antibiotics were administered after MEA only in group A but not in group B.ResultsMean patient age (mean ± SD; years old) was 44.5 ± 4.6 in group A and 44.8 ± 5.4 in group B, and mean operation time (min) was 30.4 ± 19.1 in group A and 34.4 ± 22.6 in group B, respectively. Neither were significantly different between groups. The combined ablation techniques i.e. transcervical microwave myolysis and transcervical microwave adenomyolysis did not increase frequency of infection. Postoperative intrauterine infection cases in group B (8 cases) were significantly lower than those in group A (28 cases) (Chi‐square test, P = 0.001). Hysterectomy was performed in three severe intrauterine infection cases in group A, but no cases of severe intrauterine infection was found in group B. No adverse effect of HClO was seen.ConclusionIntrauterine douche using HClO decreases postoperative intrauterine infection after MEA.
Discrepancy between immunohistochemistry and sequencing for BRAF V600E in odontogenic tumours: Comparative analysis of two VE1 antibodies
Authors: Oh Kyu‐Young , Cho Sung‐Dae , Yoon Hye‐Jung , Lee Jae‐Il , Hong Seong‐Doo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough immunohistochemistry (IHC) along with molecular tests has been investigated in ameloblastoma for BRAF V600E detection, VE1 IHC has not been studied in odontogenic carcinomas (OCs) and benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumours (BMOTs). Here, we performed BRAF V600E mutation analysis, examined the expression pattern of VE1 IHC, and comparatively evaluated the performance of two VE1 antibodies in ameloblastomas, OCs and BMOTs.MethodsBRAF V600E detection was performed using Sanger sequencing in a total of 47 odontogenic tumours: 28 ameloblastomas, 6 OCs and 13 BMOTs. VE1 IHC was conducted using two different antibodies (IHC‐A and IHC‐V), and their performance was analysed by calculating the sensitivity and specificity compared with sequencing.ResultsBRAF V600E mutations were identified in 24/28 (85.7%) ameloblastomas, 2/5 (40.0%) ameloblastic carcinomas (ACs), 3/7 (42.9%) ameloblastic fibromas and 1/2 (50.0%) ameloblastic fibro‐odontomas. In the presence of the mutation, VE1 showed diffuse cytoplasmic staining in ameloblastomas and ACs, whereas all BMOTs were negative for VE1. IHC‐A and IHC‐V yielded a sensitivity of 76.7% and 60.0%, respectively, although both antibodies showed 100% specificity.ConclusionOCs and BMOTs have BRAF V600E mutations in common at lower frequencies than ameloblastoma. Diffuse VE1 cytoplasmic staining in AC suggests the utility of MAPK‐targeted therapy as selectively applied in ameloblastoma, and consistent VE1 false‐negative expression in BMOTs requires further investigation. Considering the high specificity but low sensitivity of VE1 IHC, molecular tests should be performed to determine the presence of BRAF V600E mutations in odontogenic tumours.
Next‐generation sequencing assay in salivary gland cytology: A pilot study
Authors: Yamamoto Shuhei , Sakamoto Yuma , Nakano Satsuki , Fujii Keiichiro , Ueda Kaori , Okumura Yoshihide , Tsuda Kana , Masaki Ayako , Kawakita Daisuke , Murase Takayuki , Inagaki Hiroshi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative diagnosis of salivary gland tumors (SGTs) by fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is challenging. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based assays for somatic mutations have a great advantage in that a large number of genes can be analyzed simultaneously. Although NGS may have an enormous diagnostic potential in cytology, to our knowledge, the significance of NGS in SGT cytology remains to be clarified.MethodsIn this pilot study, we retrospectively examined 32 frozen SGT samples obtained at surgery (14 malignant and 18 benign). After the stored frozen tumor tissues were thawed, aspirate samples were obtained using 22‐gauge needles and subjected to smear tumor samples and to DNA extraction for an NGS assay employing the Illumina AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel v2. The results were correlated to preoperative cytological diagnosis.ResultsThe preoperative diagnoses obtained by FNA cytology included 23 negative lesions (no malignancy in 6 and benign tumor in 17) and nine positive lesions (suspicious for malignancy in 4 and malignancy in five), providing a sensitivity and a specificity of 9/14 (64%) and 18/18 (100%), respectively. The NGS assay detected somatic mutations in 10/14 malignant and 1/18 benign SGT cases, providing a sensitivity and a specificity of 71% and 94%, respectively.ConclusionThe NGS assay may be helpful for detecting the malignant potential in SGT cases and can be used as an ancillary test for SGT cytology.
Establishing Consensus for Essential Elements in Returning to Learn Following a Concussion
Authors: McAvoy Karen , Eagan‐Johnson Brenda , Dymacek Rosalie , Hooper Stephen , McCart Melissa , Tyler Janet 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDReturning to learn following a concussion is the process of managing a student's recovery during the school day by implementation of academic supports with varying intensity. Due to a lack of consensus or even guidance on Return to Learn, this paper set out to establish cross discipline consensus on some essential elements of Return to Learn using a Delphi method.METHODSSixteen national organizations participated in a Delphi process to reach consensus on overarching themes of Return to Learn focused on: returning a student to school, composition of the school‐based concussion management team, progress‐monitoring, educational safeguards, neuropsychological testing, and legislation. Two rounds of questionnaires were disseminated via email using a Delphi process. Consensus was established during round 2.RESULTSTwelve national organizations were able to reach consensus and endorse 13 essential elements of Return to Learn following a concussion.CONCLUSIONSThere continues to be limited research on concussion Return to Learn leading to confusion in the field. In this paper, we demonstrate consensus on a number of essential elements, from a wide variety of professional disciplines who participate in the care of students following a concussion, as a starting place for some guidance on Return to Learn.
Early detection of cerebral palsy in high‐risk infants: Translation of evidence into practice in an Australian hospital
Authors: King Arrabella R , Machipisa Catherine , Finlayson Francyne , Fahey Michael C , Novak Iona , Malhotra Atul 
Published: September 2020

AimThe early diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) allows children timely access to early intervention. In 2018, Monash Children's Hospital established an Early Neurodevelopment Clinic based upon evidence‐based guidelines for the early diagnosis of CP in high‐risk infants. In this study, we aimed to characterise the infants presenting to the clinic and determine the rate of CP diagnosis.MethodsThis study analysed data from infants attending the Early Neurodevelopment Clinic between May 2019 and April 2020. Infants at high‐risk for CP attended the clinic at 3 months corrected age. Neuroimaging reports were reviewed, and a Prechtl's General Movement Assessment and Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination were performed. Infants were diagnosed as having typical development, delayed development, high‐risk of CP or CP at the time of clinic attendance and referred on to the appropriate pathway.ResultsNinety‐six high‐risk infants attended the clinic over the 1 year study period. Sixty‐eight (71%) infants were extremely preterm or extremely low birthweight, and 28 (29%) were infants at born at older gestation with evidence of moderate to severe brain injury. Nine (9.6%) infants received a CP diagnosis and 12 (12.5%) were considered high‐risk of CP. All infants with CP or high‐risk of CP were referred to the Victorian Paediatric Rehabilitation Service.ConclusionsIt is feasible to implement the early CP diagnosis guidelines into a high‐risk infant follow‐up clinic. Implementation of the guidelines allows for early diagnosis of CP and appropriate referral of high‐risk infants.
Prospective evaluation of the lymph node proteome in dogs with multicentric lymphoma supplemented with sulforaphane
Authors: Parachini‐Winter Cyril , Bracha Shay , Ramsey Stephen A. , Yang Liping , Ho Emily , Leeper Haley J. , Curran Kaitlin M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundLymphoma (LSA) is a common malignancy in dogs. Epigenetic changes are linked to LSA pathogenesis and poor prognosis in humans, and LSA pathogenesis in dogs. Sulforaphane (SFN), an epigenetic‐targeting compound, has recently gained interest in relation to cancer prevention and therapy.ObjectiveExamine the impact of oral supplementation with SFN on the lymph node proteome of dogs with multicentric LSA.AnimalsSeven client‐owned dogs with multicentric LSA.MethodsProspective, nonrandomized, noncontrolled study in treatment‐naïve dogs with intermediate or large cell multicentric LSA. Lymph node cell aspirates were obtained before and after 7 days of oral supplementation with SFN, and analyzed via label‐free mass spectrometry, immunoblots, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.ResultsThere was no clinical response and no adverse events attributed to SFN. For individual dogs, the expression of up to 650 proteins changed by at least 2‐fold (range, 2‐100) after supplementation with SFN. When all dogs where analyzed together, 14 proteins were significantly downregulated, and 10 proteins were significantly upregulated after supplementation with SFN (P < .05). Proteins and gene sets impacted by SFN were commonly involved in immunity, response to oxidative stress, gene transcription, apoptosis, protein transport, maturation and ubiquitination.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSulforaphane is associated with major changes in the proteome of neoplastic lymphocytes in dogs.
Development of a core data set for pelvic floor disorder patients registry
Authors: Abdi Reyhan Masoumeh , Damanabi Shahla , Kalankesh Leila R. , Hajebrahimi Sakineh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesPelvic floor disorders (PFDs) are important public health concerns due to their increasing prevalence. Hence, there is an increasing need for developing systematically collected quality data to assist appropriate clinical decision‐making. This study aimed to develop a core data set for patients with PFDs based on the PFDs registry.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2019. Data were retrieved from electronic databases including PubMed, Embase and Google scholar. Available documents and data systems in clinical centers were also assessed. The Delphi technique was applied to reach a consensus about the data elements using a questionnaire. A panel of experts evaluated the content validity of the questionnaire.ResultsWe developed a dataset for PFDs that included two classes of data (65 data items) identified from the related literature. In the Delphi survey, 74 data elements were determined by the experts and final data were divided into two demographic and clinical categories that included 12 and 62 data elements, respectively.ConclusionsThis dataset has the potential for standardizing the data by providing accurate, consistent, complete and uniform data elements. Furthermore, it can provide valuable research facilities for clinicians and researchers in the healthcare system resulting in improvement of the quality of care and containment of costs.