bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous-Flow Reactions Mediated by Main Group Organometallics
Authors: Knochel Paul , Harenberg Johannes H. , Weidmann Niels 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe generation of reactive organometallic reagents in batch is often complicated by the low thermal stability of these important synthetic intermediates and can require low reaction temperatures and special reaction conditions. However, the use of continuous-flow setups and microreactors has led to a revolution in this field. In this short review, an overview is given of recent advances in this area, with a focus on the main group organometallics of Li, Na, and K.
Access to α,α-Difluoro-γ-amino Acids by Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Aryldifluoroacetylation of N-Vinylacetamide
Authors: Zhang Xingang , Zhao Qing-Wei , Yang Zhi-Fang , Fu Xia-Ping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA nickel-catalyzed reductive aryldifluoroacetylation of N-vinylacetamide with ethyl chloro(difluoro)acetate and aryl iodides is described. This chelating amide carbonyl group-assisted strategy provides rapid access to a variety of protected α,α-difluoro-γ-amino acids that might have potential applications in peptide chemistry and protein engineering. An advantage of this method is its synthetic simplicity, with no preparation of organometallic reagents.
Designing Rh(I)-Half-Sandwich Catalysts for Alkyne [2+2+2] Cycloadditions
Authors: Orian Laura , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMetal-mediated [2+2+2] cycloadditions of unsaturated molecules to cyclic and polycyclic organic compounds are a versatile synthetic route affording good yields and selectivity under mild conditions. In the last two decades, in silico investigations have unveiled important details about the mechanism and the energetics of the whole catalytic cycle. Particularly, a number of computational studies address the topic of half-sandwich catalysts which, due to their structural fluxionality, have been widely employed, since the 1980s. In these organometallic species, the metal is coordinated to an aromatic ring, typically the ubiquitous cyclopentadienyl anion, C5H5
–(Cp) or to the Cp moiety of a larger polycyclic aromatic ligand (Cp′). During the catalytic process, the metal continuously ‘slips’ on the ring, changing its hapticity. This phenomenon of metal slippage and its implications for the catalyst’s performance are discussed in this work, referring to the most important computational mechanistic studies reported in literature for Rh(I) half-metallocenes, with the purpose of providing hints for a rational design of this class of compounds.1	Introduction2	Mechanism of Metal-Catalyzed Acetylene [2+2+2] Cycloaddition to Benzene and the Problem of the Indenyl Effect2.1	Acetylene-Acetonitrile [2+2+2] Co-cycloaddition to 2-Methylpyridine: Evidence of the Indenyl Effect2.2	Heteroaromatic Catalysts and the Evidence of a Reverse Indenyl Effect2.3	Booth’s Mechanistic Hypothesis and the Evidence of the Indenyl Effect3	Structure–Reactivity Correlation: The Slippage-Span Model4	Conclusions and Perspectives
Accelerating Heat-Initiated Radical Reactions of Organic Halides with Tin Hydride Using Flow Microreactor Technologies
Authors: Nagaki Aiichiro , Jiang Yiyuan , Ashikari Yosuke , Guan Kaiteng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe herein report that flow microreactors can promote an efficiency of radical chain reactions. The chain reactions with a fast propagation step can be accelerated by virtue of an efficient heat-transfer character of the microreactors, whereas the yield of those reactions with a slow propagation step was increased by flow microreactors. Moreover, the yield was further increased by a sequential addition of the initiators, which was allowed by a flow-sequential-addition system.
Recent Advances in Organic Synthesis Based on N,N-Dimethyl Enaminones
Authors: Yu Fuchao , Huang Jiuzhong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEnaminones are gaining increasing interest because of their unique properties and their importance in organic synthesis as versatile building blocks. N,N-Dimethyl enaminones offer a better leaving group (a dimethylamine group) than other enaminones, and allow further elaboration via a range of facile chemical transformations. Over the past five years, there have been an increasing number of reports describing the synthetic applications of N,N-dimethyl enaminones. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the synthetic applications of N,N-dimethyl enaminones that have been reported since 2016.1	Introduction2	Direct C(sp2)–H α-Functionalization2.1	Synthesis of α-Sulfenylated N,N-Dimethyl Enaminones2.2	Synthesis of α-Thiocyanated N,N-Dimethyl Enaminones2.3	Synthesis of α-Acyloxylated N,N-Dimethyl Enaminones3	Functionalization Reactions via C=C Double Bond Cleavage3.1	Synthesis of Functionalized Methyl Ketones3.2	Synthesis of α-Ketoamides, α-Ketoesters and 1,2-Diketones3.3	Synthesis of N-Sulfonyl Amidines4	Construction of All-Carbon Aromatic Scaffolds4.1	Synthesis of Benzaldehydes4.2	Synthesis of the Naphthalenes5	Construction of Heterocyclic Scaffolds5.1	Synthesis of Five-Membered Heterocycles5.2	Synthesis of Six-Membered Heterocycles5.3	Synthesis of Quinolines 5.4	Synthesis of Functionalized Chromones5.5	Synthesis of Other Fused Polycyclic Heterocycles6	Conclusions and Perspectives
Reconstrução combinada do ligamento cruzado Anterior e lesão do ligamento anterolateral comparada àreconstrução isolada do ligamento cruzado anterior: Uma metanálise
Authors: Bucar Augusto Leão , Pires Rodrigo Nunes de Albuquerque , Silva Rodrigo do Carmo , Araujo Edicarlos André Cavalcante de , da Silva Messias Froes , de Araujo Pedro Henrique Nunes 
Published: November 2020

ResumoO objetivo da presentepesquisa é comparar, por meio de uma metanálise, os resultados da reconstrução combinada do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) e do ligamento anterolateral (LLA), comparado com a reconstrução isolada padrão, em pacientes com lesão crônica do ligamento cruzado anterior. Buscando alcançar o objetivo da pesquisa, foi realizada uma meta-análise para determinar se a combinação da reconstrução combinada LCA e LLA levaria àmelhoria significativa da função do joelho, medida pelos escores de avaliação International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm, KT-2000 e menor taxa de ruptura do enxerto, em comparação com a reconstrução isolada. Para identificar ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR) comparando a reconstrução combinada do LCA e LLA com a reconstrução isolada do LCA, foram pesquisados artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2019 nas bases MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, LILACS e Cochrane Central RegisterofControlledTrials e seguiram os critérios de Itens de Relatórios Preferidos para Revisões Sistemáticas e Metanálises (PRISMA). A estabilidade da articulação do joelho é apenas marginalmente aprimorada com a reconstrução combinada de LCA e LLA, e ambas as técnicas de reconstrução mostram resultados funcionais. Os principais desfechos procurados foram a função do paciente e as taxas de estabilidade e ruptura do enxerto após a reconstrução do LCA. Dos 421 estudos identificados, 6estudos foram incluídos em nossa meta-análise. A qualidade do estudo (validade interna) foi avaliada usando o instrumento Cochrane risco-de-viés; em geral, foi encontrada uma qualidade moderada de evidências dos estudos incluídos. Os pacientes submetidos à reconstrução isolada do LCA mostraram maior taxa de ruptura do enxerto (RR 0,22; índice de confiança [IC]95%: 0,12–0,41; p< 0,00001).
Atualização em instabilidade patelar
Authors: Severino Nilson Roberto , Severino Fabrício Roberto , de Camargo Osmar Pedro Arbix , Guglielmetti Luiz Gabriel Betoni , de Oliveira Victor Marques , Cury Ricardo de Paula Leite 
Published: November 2020

ResumoA instabilidade patelar é uma condição clínica multifatorial, que acomete um número expressivo de pacientes, ocorrendo devido a variações anatômicas, morfológicas da articulação e do alinhamento patelofemoral. O presente estudo de revisão e atualização da literatura teve como objetivos identificar e sumarizar os conceitos atuais sobre instabilidade patelar em relação aos fatores de risco associados, os critérios diagnósticos e os benefícios e riscos dos tratamentos conservador e cirúrgico. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados eletrônicas MEDLINE (via Pubmed), LILACS e Cochrane Library. Conclui-se que o diagnóstico preciso depende da avaliação clínica detalhada, incluindo o histórico e possíveis fatores de risco individuais, além de exames de imagem. O tratamento inicial da instabilidade patelar é ainda controverso, e requer a combinação de intervenções conservadoras e cirúrgicas, levando em consideração tanto os tecidos moles quanto as estruturas ósseas, sendo estas últimas a razão mais comum para a escolha do tratamento cirúrgico, principalmente instabilidade patelar lateral.
Hemopatch to Fix Mobile Lobe after Thoracoscopic Lobectomy
Authors: Fiorelli Alfonso , Carlucci Annalisa , Cascone Roberto , Santini Mario 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHerein, we report a new technique of middle lobe fixation using Hemopatch after thoracoscopic right upper lobectomy. A 3–0 atraumatic polypropylene suture is passed first through the Hemopatch, then two not-inflated lobes, and then again patch. The lung is half-inflated, and the Hemopatch is placed onto the surface of the two half-inflated lobes in a bridging manner over the fissure. The suture is then tied by a clip. This procedure was successfully applied in five consecutive patients after thoracoscopic right upper lobectomy for cancer. No complications occurred during and after operation.
Surgical Management of Recurrent Uncomplicated Diverticulitis
Authors: Rai Vinay , Mishra Nitin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSigmoid diverticulitis represents a most common gastroenterological diagnosis in the western world. There has been a significant change in the management of recurrent uncomplicated diverticulitis in the last 10 to 15 years. The absolute number of previous episodes is not used as criteria to recommend surgery anymore. Young age is no longer considered to be an indication for more aggressive surgical treatment. It is accepted that subsequent episodes of diverticulitis are not significantly worse than the first episode. Laparoscopic surgery is now the standard of care for elective surgery for diverticulitis where expertise is available. There is a consensus that decision to perform sigmoid colectomy should be individualized, after careful risk benefit assessment.
Tratamento não operatório de fraturas desviadas da extremidade proximal do úmero em idosos: Correlação entre os desvios e os resultados clínicos
Authors: Gracitelli Mauro Emilio Conforto , Yamamoto Gustavo Jum , Malavolta Eduardo Angeli , Andrade-Silva Fernando Brandão , Kojima Kodi Edson , Ferreira Neto Arnaldo Amado 
Published: November 2020

Resumo
Objetivos Descrever o resultado funcional do tratamento não operatório de fraturas desviadas da extremidade proximal do úmero (FEPU) pela escala da American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES, na sigla em inglês) após 12 meses e avaliar se as diferentes classificações e medidas radiográficas iniciais têm correlação com os resultados clínicos.
Métodos Foram avaliados em tempos padronizados (3, 6 e 12 meses), 40 pacientes > 60 anos com FEPU submetidos ao tratamento não operatório. Foram utilizadas as escalas da ASES, Constant-Murley e Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE, na sigla em inglês). As variáveis radiográficas incluíram as classificações de Neer e Resch, a presença de fratura e desvio dos tubérculos, cominuição metafisária, lesão periosteal medial, desvios angulares e translacionais da cabeça no plano coronal e sagital e desvio dos tubérculos.
Resultados Observamos resultados pela escala de ASES de 77,7 ± 23,2 para toda a amostra, pela de Constant-Murley de 68,7 ± 16 e de 82,6% para a escala em relação ao lado contralateral. A escala de SANE aos 12 meses foi de 84,8 ± 19. Os critérios radiográficos que apresentaram influência negativa no resultado clínico pela escala de ASES aos 12 meses foram a gravidade pela classificação de Neer e pelo desvio angular no plano coronal (mensurado pelo ângulo cabeça-diáfise) e a presença de fratura dos tubérculos.
Conclusão O tratamento não operatório de fraturas desviadas da extremidade proximal do úmero em pacientes idosos resulta em bons resultados clínicos. Os resultados clínicos são influenciados negativamente pelo desvio angular da cabeça do úmero e pela presença de fratura dos tubérculos maior e menor, assim como pela classificação de Neer.
Thyroid Functions in Children on Levetiracetam or Valproic Acid Therapy
Authors: Karatoprak Elif , Paksoy Samet 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the thyroid functions in children receiving levetiracetam or valproate monotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of children with controlled epilepsy receiving valproic acid (VPA group) or levetiracetam monotherapy (LEV group) for at least 6 months. Free thyroxine 4 levels (fT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were compared between VPA group, LEV group, and age- and gender-matched healthy children (control group). A total of 190 children were included in the study: 63 were in the VPA, 60 in the LEV, and 67 in the control group. Although there was no significant difference regarding average fT4 levels, higher TSH levels were found in the VPA group when compared with the LEV and control groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in terms of fT4 and TSH values in the LEV group when compared with the control group (p = 0.56 and p = 0.61, respectively). Subclinical hypothyroidism (defined as a TSH level above 5 uIU/mL with a normal fT4 level was detected in 16% of patients in the VPA group, none in the LEV and control groups. Our study found that VPA therapy is associated with an increased risk of subclinical hypothyroidism while LEV had no effect on thyroid function tests.
Reconstruction of Extensive Composite Parotid Region Oncologic Defects with Immediate Facial Nerve Reconstruction Using a Chimeric Scapulodorsal Vascularized Nerve Free Flap
Authors: Mangialardi Maria L. , Honart Jean-Fracois , Qassemyar Quentin , Guyon Alice , Li Sean S. , Benmoussa Nadia , Beldarida Vincent , Temam Stéphane , Kolb Frédéric 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Cancer involving the parotid gland region may originates from parotid parenchyma itself or from locoregional organs and in rare cases, the facial nerve (FN) has to be sacrificed during tumor resection. In these cases, cancer extension often goes beyond the parotid compartment and requires extensive local resection responsible for complex multitissular defects. The goals of reconstruction may be summarized in the following two components: (1) restoration of the volumetric tissue defect and (2) FN reconstruction. The aim of this study is to describe our surgical technique and our cosmetic results using the chimeric scapulodorsal vascularized nerve (SDVN) flap to reconstruct extensive maxillofacial defects associated with FN sacrifice.
Methods All patients undergone an extensive maxillofacial resection with FN sacrifice and primarily reconstructed with a SDVN flap were included. We classified the maxillofacial defects into six groups based on the type of resection. Intraoperative data including flap composition, topography of FN injury, length of nerve gap, and number of nervous anastomosis were recorded.
Results Twenty-nine patients were included. Mean follow-up was 38.7 months. The harvested flaps included the SDVN combined with different components according to the defect group. A satisfactory volumetric restoration was obtained in 93% of cases. The mean number of distal nervous anastomosis was 4.5. The length of the vascularized grafted nerve ranged from 7 to 10 cm.
Conclusion This is largest series presented in literature on primary FN reconstruction utilizing a vascularized nerve graft. We believe that the chimeric SDVN flap should be highly considered for these cases due to its versatility. The surgeon is able to use single donor site available soft and hard tissues components along with a vascular motor nerve graft, which offers a great length and number of distal branches, and easily matches with the extracranial FN trunk and its peripheral ramifications.
Elderly consumers and financial choices: A systematic review
Authors: Guido Gianluigi , Amatulli Cesare , Sestino Andrea 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate elderly choices and behaviors in financial services markets. A systematic review of a five-decade period (1970–2019) of academic research in the marketing field was carried out in order to identify elderly consumers’ decisions regarding financial asset management and legacy, highlighting the main findings of extant research and practical implications for marketers. Results shed light on financial asset management in terms of welfare, retirement planning, and investments for old age, as well as legacy practices in terms of special possessions, charities, and rites of passage. The study underlines the need to consider the heterogeneous nature of elderly consumers’ values and lifestyles in designing strategies for financial services and products, emphasizing that demographic differences alone are not adequate to effectively define market segments. Furthermore, the role of mixed marketing approaches considering elderly choices are discussed, together with implications for companies that want to target such consumer target.
Complete description of the Lyapunov spectra of continuous families of linear differential systems with unbounded coefficients
Authors: Bykov V. V. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
For every positive integer

and every metric space

we consider the class

of all parametric families

, where

,

,

, of linear differential systems whose coefficients are piecewise continuous and, generally speaking, unbounded on the time semi-axis for every fixed value of the parameter

such that if a sequence

converges to

in the space of parameters, then the sequence

converges uniformly on the semi-axis to the matrix

. For the families in

, we obtain a complete description of individual Lyapunov exponents and their spectra as functions of the parameter.
General Fourier coefficients and convergence almost everywhere
Authors: Gogoladze L. D. , Cagareishvili G. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We find sufficient conditions which are in a sense best possible that must be satisfied by the functions of an orthonormal system

in order for the Fourier coefficients of functions of bounded variation to satisfy the hypotheses of the Men’shov–Rademacher theorem. We also prove a theorem saying that every system

contains a subsystem

with respect to which the Fourier coefficients of functions of bounded variation satisfy those hypotheses. The results obtained complement and generalize the corresponding results in [1].
On a class of Anosov diffeomorphisms on the infinite-dimensional torus
Authors: Glyzin S. D. , Kolesov A. Yu. , Rozov N. Kh. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We study a quite natural class of diffeomorphisms

on

, where

is the infinite-dimensional torus (the direct product of countably many circles endowed with the topology of uniform coordinatewise convergence). The diffeomorphisms under consideration can be represented as the sums of a linear hyperbolic map and a periodic additional term. We find some constructive sufficient conditions, which imply that any

in our class is hyperbolic, that is, an Anosov diffeomorphism on

. Moreover, under these conditions we prove the following properties standard in the hyperbolic theory: the existence of stable and unstable invariant foliations, the topological conjugacy to a linear hyperbolic automorphism of the torus and the structural stability of

.
Exact value of the exponent of convergence of the singular integral in Tarry’s problem for homogeneous polynomials of degree

in two variables
Authors: Chakhkiev M. A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Jabbarov [1] obtained the exact value of the exponent of convergence of the singular integral in Tarry’s problem for homogeneous polynomials of degree

. We extend this result to the case of polynomials of degree

.
Approximation in measure: the Dirichlet problem, universality and the Riemann hypothesis
Authors: Falcó J. , Gauthier P. M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We use approximation in measure to solve an asymptotic Dirichlet problem on arbitrary open sets and to show that many functions, including the Riemann zeta-function, are universal in measure. Connections with the Riemann hypothesis are suggested.
Nevanlinna factorization in weighted classes of analytic functions of variable smoothness
Authors: Shirokov N. A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We define a new class of functions of variable smoothness that are analytic in the unit disc and continuous in the closed disc. We construct the theory of the Nevanlinna outer-inner factorization, taking into account the influence of the inner factor on the outer function, for functions of the new class.
On the classification of

-dimensional spherical Sasakian manifolds
Authors: Sykes D. , Schmalz G. , Ezhov V. V. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this article we regard spherical hypersurfaces in

with a fixed Reeb vector field as

-dimensional Sasakian manifolds. We establish a correspondence between three different sets of parameters, namely, those arising from representing the Reeb vector field as an automorphism of the Heisenberg sphere, those used in Stanton’s description of rigid spheres, and those arising from the rigid normal forms. We also describe geometrically the moduli space for rigid spheres and provide a geometric distinction between Stanton hypersurfaces and those found in [1]. Finally, we determine the Sasakian automorphism groups of rigid spheres and detect the homogeneous Sasakian manifolds among them.
Explicit minimizers of some non-local anisotropic energies: a short proof
Authors: Mateu J. , Mora M. G. , Rondi L. , Scardia L. , Verdera J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper we consider non-local energies defined on probability measures in the plane, given by a convolution interaction term plus a quadratic confinement. The interaction kernel is

,

, with

. This kernel is anisotropic except for the Coulomb case

. We present a short compact proof of the known surprising fact that the unique minimizer of the energy is the normalized characteristic function of the domain enclosed by an ellipse with horizontal semi-axis

and vertical semi-axis

. Letting

, we find that the semicircle law on the vertical axis is the unique minimizer of the corresponding energy, a result related to interacting dislocations, and previously obtained by some of the authors. We devote the first sections of this paper to presenting some well-known background material in the simplest way possible, so that readers unfamiliar with the subject find the proofs accessible.
Symmetries of a two-dimensional continued fraction
Authors: German O. N. , Tlyustangelov I. A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We describe the symmetry group of a multidimensional continued fraction. As a multidimensional generalization of continued fractions we consider Klein polyhedra. We distinguish two types of symmetries: Dirichlet symmetries, which correspond to the multiplication by units of the respective extension of

, and so-called palindromic symmetries. The main result is a criterion for a two-dimensional continued fraction to have palindromic symmetries, which is analogous to the well-known criterion for the continued fraction of a quadratic irrationality to have a symmetric period.