bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space-Time Decoupled Metasurface Integrating Reflective Mixer and Phase Shifter Functions
Authors: Mi Tiebin , Dong Xuehui , Feng Miyu , Lai Bokai , Shao Chen , Zhang Jianan , Xiong Rujing , Wan Kai , Qiu Robert 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Electromagnetic (EM) information metasurface represents a class of 2D metamaterials that can swiftly manipulate their EM characteristics to convey specific information. Past researches present various strategies for embedding information within ambient EM waves through the superposition of time-varying quantized properties for each unit. Despite their capabilities, these approaches alone are insufficient for concurrently but independently realizing the creation of information and the allocation of spatial energy. In this work, we introduce a comprehensive approach named the space-time decoupled metasurface (STD-Metasurface), facilitating the simultaneous and independent control of information modulation and passive beamforming by incorporating reflective mixer and phase shifter functionalities into each unit. As a proof of concept, we present a minimalist design of single-diode unit where the ingenious utilization of analog switch bonds the digital signal and analog signal together. By inputting baseband analogue signals in a specific level range, STD-Metasurface prototype is capable of modulating them onto the envelopes of reflected EM waves without distortion meanwhile controlling the reflected radiation patterns by digital signals, even waveform superposition and spatial multiplexing. To demonstrate the superior capabilities of the STD-Metasurface, we have developed an experimental platform to highlight its practicality and potential applications as a reconfigurable backscatter transmitter and a dynamic Doppler-spoofing reflector array.
An Optimization Approach for Blood Supply Chain Management Integrating Drone Delivery Method
Authors: N Mayuri K , M Gowsalya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the application of drone delivery for blood supply chainmanagement (BSCM). This paper aims to minimize the delivery lead time andmake the fastest delivery of lifesaving blood products within a specified deliveryrange. We proposed an optimization model that utilizes Mixed Integer Non-LinearProgramming (MINLP) with Dijkstra’s algorithm. This model considers thedrone capabilities such as payload capacity, travel speed, and range. This studyinvestigates the possibilities of drone delivery in blood supply chain management,with a priority on reducing delivery lead time and enabling rapid deliveries. Whileincorporating real-world scenarios with multiple locations like hospitals, clinics,and demand location. Randomly generated test instances are used. In order toevaluate the model’s effectiveness, Numerical illustration has been analysed usingPython programming as the development platform for implementing the solution.
Fibrolipoma of the Spermatic Cord: First Reported Case in Children and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Mansiroglu Agah Koray , Duman Abdullah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Benign tumors of the spermatic cord constitute the majority of paratesticular tumors. While fibrolipoma is uncommon in adults, there are no recorded cases of fibrolipoma of the spermatic cord in children.
Case Presentation:
A male patient, aged 13, arrived at the emergency department complaining of right inguinoscrotal pain and nausea for the past four days. The Doppler scrotal ultrasound demonstrated a soft tissue structure measuring 48x19 mm with heterogeneity and absence of vascular activity, located along the spermatic cord in proximity to the right testicle. Right scrotal tenderness and absence of blood supply on Doppler ultrasound indicated emergency surgical intervention, considering the possibility of torsion in an accessory testicle, more frequently encountered in pediatrics. Surgical exploration of the inguinal region and mass excision were conducted. The pathology report determined a tumor exhibiting collagenized tissues surrounding fatty lobules, indicative of a fibrolipoma.
Conclusions
This case represents initial documentation of a pediatric paratesticular fibrolipoma. The mean age of the six cases reported thus far is 55.3 years. In the definitive diagnosis of paratesticular tumors, which are rarely seen and cannot be adequately evaluated through radiologic imaging, histopathologic sampling holds significant importance.
Empowering the Next Generation: The Role of Team Hierarchy in Retaining Junior Researchers
Authors: XU HUIMIN , Bu Yi , Liu Meijun , Ding Ying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Early-career scientists are essential to driving scientific progress, yet nearly half leave academia after their first publication. While factors like team size, gender, mentorship, and institutional prestige are known to affect retention, the influence of team hierarchy on junior researchers’ career paths remains underexplored. This study investigates how hierarchical structures within research teams impact the retention of junior scientists, using Microsoft Academic Graph data from over 30 million teams across 19 disciplines. We define retention as a combination of paper publishing (continue publishing), academic independence (continue publishing without depending on the same senior authors), and career progression (change institution). Team hierarchy is measured through the Gini coefficient of career age for all team members. We reveal that flat team structures support the retention of junior researchers with a career age of 5 years or less, especially in social science and small teams. These findings remain robust when accounting for diverse individual- and team-based variables and are consistent across different disciplines. Our findings provide insights that can inform team composition, ultimately contributing to more sustainable academic careers for early-career scientists.
Sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadruple mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ-MS) for simultaneous determination of biogenic amines in Montenegrin red wines
Authors: Raičević Danijela , Ivanova-Petropulos Violeta , Popović Tatjana , Tašev Krste , Pajović-Šćepanović Radmila 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

A highly sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadruple mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ-MS) was applied for simultaneous determination of seven biogenic amines (cadaverine, putrescine, histamine, spermine, tyramine, phenyethylamine and tryptamine) in Montenegrin red Vranac and Kratošija (Vitis Vinifera L.) wines. The method was validated, confirmed the suitability for determination of biogenic amines in red wines and was applied to examine the changes of biogenic amines in three vinification stages: after alcoholic fermentation, malolactic fermentataion and ten months of aging of the wines. The results showed that the total amine levels were low, ranging from 1.27 to 3.26 mg/L, observing increased concentration in the wines after finished malolactic fermentation. Putrescine, which was constituted as a main amine in wines (range: 0.79 to 2.39 mg/L), was observed in a slightly higher content in Vranac wines compared to Kratošija, followed by the aliphatic cadaverine (range: 0.091 to 0.35 mg/L) and the aromatic phenylethylamine (range: 0.119–0.373 mg/L). Histamine and tyramine which are subject of toxicological interest, were present in a very low concentration in wines (on average value: 0.082 and 0.015 mg/L, respectively). Cadaverine and putrescine significantly correlated with the sum of total biogenic amines, even the reached values were below the toxicity threshold. According to the principal component analysis, wines were clearly separated in three groups according to the three vinification stages.
Development of Novel DALY-Based Indices for Assessing Productivity Loss and Resource Allocation for Liver Cancer in the MENA Region
Authors: Momahhed Shekoofeh Sadat , Banaee Arian , Haghighathoseini Atefeh , Hekmat Hamidreza 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective This study presents new indices to evaluate productivity inefficiency and resource expenditure for liver cancer in the MENA region, aiming to bridge the gap between health outcomes and economic factors for better policy insights. Setting Population data from eight MENA countries between 2000 and 2021 was analyzed, focusing on liver cancer rates among different age and gender groups. The study assessed GDP per capita, health expenditure, employment levels, and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) to evaluate health and economic resilience. Design Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database and the World Bank were analyzed. A Random Forest Regressor assessed the importance of features related to Productivity Loss and Resource Allocation indices, while a sensitivity analysis confirmed their robustness. Results Liver cancer predominantly affects adults aged 20 to 49 and those 50 and older, with alcohol use as the main risk factor. Men are mostly diagnosed with hepatitis B and C, while women tend to have Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). Egypt has the highest health-related productivity loss index (IHAPI), indicating significant losses, while Saudi Arabia has the lowest, suggesting better economic resilience. A Random Forest analysis showed that the Economic Vulnerability and Health Index (EVHI) explained over 71% of the variation in IHAPI, followed by the Risk Level of Cancer Loss (RLCL) at 22%. Sensitivity analysis indicated that indices like HAPLI, EVHI, RLCL, and IHAPI showed narrow variability, while the Total Productivity Loss Transition Index (TPLTI) and Socio-Demographic Health Equity Index (SD-HEI) were more volatile concerning Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY). Resource allocation indices (RAEI, HSRI, CBRPI) were close to 1, indicating effective resource use and a strong health system. Conclusions This study highlights liver cancer's impact on health and economies in MENA countries, aiding in case identification, resource optimization, and policy goal setting to reduce productivity losses.
HAdV-7 and HAdV-3: A Comparative Study on Tropism, Replication, and Receptor Mediated Infection in Human Cell Lines
Authors: Zhou Jing , Chen Qigao , Li Lianzhong , Yang Yihao , Lin Yongping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: To explore the tropism and replication proficiency of specific human adenoviruses, namely HAdV-7 and HAdV-3, across a spectrum of human cell lines, and to elucidate the relationship between viral infection and the levels of hDSG2 and hCD46 receptor expression.
Methods: We employed a variety of human cell lines originating from diverse tissues to evaluate viral replication. Viral titers were determined using a standard plaque assay, and cell infection was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining for viral hexon protein. Flow cytometry was used to assess the surface expression of hDSG2 and hCD46. The statistical analysis was conducted with GraphPad Prism version 6 software.
Results: HAdV-7 demonstrated higher replication efficiency than HAdV-3 in most cell lines, with significant replication observed in Hep-2, Calu-3, HEK-293, and HeLa cells. The expression of hDSG2 and hCD46 correlated with viral susceptibility, indicating that these receptors are vital for viral adhesion and penetration. Notably, HAdV-7 showed a stronger association with hDSG2, which may explain its increased pathogenicity.
Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that HAdV-7 has a broader tropism and higher replication efficiency in human cell lines compared to HAdV-3, with hDSG2 being a potential target for antiviral interventions. These results deepen our comprehension of HAdV-7 pathogenesis and could inform the creation of innovative treatment approaches for adenovirus infections.
Power and efficiency of a self-field magnetoplasmadynamic thruster estimated with resistive MHD simulations
Authors: Tkachenko Yevhen , Ciardi Andrea , Khiar Benjamin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Existing numerical work on Magnetoplasmadynamic Thrusters (MPDTs) adopt injection conditions that assume the propellant to be ”hot” (T ∼ 1 eV) and fully ionized. Although such simulations are capable of recovering the experimental values of integral quantities, such as thrust and voltage, it is not clear how the plasma dynamics and thruster’s efficiency are affected by these simplified boundary conditions.
Our goal is to build upon and extend a multi-physics computational platform specifically for studying MPDTs under realistic conditions. Here, we focus on understanding the effects of different propellant injection boundary conditions on the plasma dynamics, energy budget and efficiency.
We carry out simulations of argon-fed self-field MPDTs in 2D cylindrical axisymmetric geometry.We use the single-fluid, two-temperature magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code FLASH with tabulated equation of state calculated with the IONMIX code. A weakly ionized, ”cold” propellant (T ∼ 0.13 eV) injection boundary condition is implemented. The resistivity model is extended to take into account the effects of electron-neutral collisions, which are non-negligible in this case.
The simulation results show the importance of injecting a ”cold” propellant and its effects on the plasma dynamics, power balance, Lorentz and thrust efficiencies. Although injecting ”cold” propellant boundary results in the similar electromagnetic thrust as the ”hot” case, it leads to significant changes in the distribution of MHD parameters and, overall, a more complicated flow pattern. At the same time we are able to discard large powers associated with the pre-heated, fully ionized, and fast inlet, while achieving realistic Lorentz efficiency, consistent with the thrust efficiency. Finally, the work lays the basis for future studies of a more accurate propellant injection model.
Suitable Water Conservation Measures and its Potential Sites for Sustainable Water Management Using Geospatial Techniques and SWAT model
Authors: Balan Panchamy , Joseph Asha , Varughese Anu , K.P Rema , P.S Sheeja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

A study on the Manali watershed used geospatial techniques, the SWAT model, and IMSD guidelines to identify suitable water conservation measures and their sites to combat water scarcity. SWAT model was calibrated and validated for the watershed with performance indicators R2 (0.85 − 0.61) and NSE (0.71 − 0.61) in the acceptable range. SWAT water balance estimation revealed that 78 percent of rainfall contributes to the runoff process as stream flow, which could be reduced through water conservation measures. A multi-criterion weighted overlay analysis, considering factors like land use, runoff, stream density, soil permeability, and slope, classified 15% of the area in Manali watershed as highly suitable, 84.8% as moderately suitable, and 0.2% as less suitable for water conservation. Recommendations included the construction of 32 farm ponds, seven percolation ponds, and four check dams, ultimately leading to the provision of clean water and sanitation to the people in the watershed.
Nitrene-mediated Aminative N–N–N Coupling: Facile Access to Triazene 1-Oxides
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhu Shi-Yang , Zhang Hai-Ruo , Sun Bo-Yang , Bai Zi-Qian , He Gang , Chen Gong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Significant strides have been made in the realm of nucleophile-electrophile coupling reactions over recent decades. However, the development of innovative strategies for nucleophile-nucleophile coupling is still highly sought after. Among these, aminative coupling, especially when involving two nitrogen-connected nucleophiles, is not only rare but also exceedingly challenging. In this work, we present a novel nitrene-mediated aminative N–N–N coupling reaction that employs an anomeric amide as a key reagent to connect amines with nitrosoarenes. This innovative method capitalizes on the in situ generation of an aminonitrene intermediate, which is efficiently captured by nitrosoarenes. The resultant reaction offers a direct, mild, and highly efficient pathway for synthesizing triazene 1-oxides, thereby establishing a new paradigm for aminative coupling between nucleophiles. Our mechanistic studies demonstrate that the \textit{N}-substituents of the amine have a profound impact on the reactivity of the aminonitrene intermediate. Additionally, complementary computational studies suggest that aryl nitroso and aminonitrene coupling is significantly favored due to the substantial reduction in distortion energy, outcompeting alternative nitrene dimerization pathways.
Análisis de la revisión popular de las decisiones judiciales a favor de las minorías poblacionales en Colombia
Authors: Acosta Luis 
Published: December 2024

Dentro del Estado Social de Derecho pluralista y democrático que rige a Colombia, ha surgido una postura en contra como la del “Estado de opinión” que a razones históricas ha tenido sendas repercusiones en las violaciones a Derechos Humanos y a las minorías poblacionales en Colombia. Intentaremos sustentar con un análisis científico las principales características de ambas posturas y su implicación en la democracia colombiana. En primera instancia se traerá a colación algunos conceptos teóricos sobre lo que significa tener un Derecho Fundamental y las principales garantías constitucionales que fueron reconocidas por los constituyentes hacia las minorías en 1991. En segundo lugar, identificar en declaraciones públicas y periodísticas la propuesta del Estado de opinión del sector político que la propone, para poder teorizar desde los doctrinantes esta postura, la cual está a favor del Control Constitucional de manera Popular. En tercer lugar por razones de optimización del tiempo y especificidad en el análisis, nos centraremos entonces en los avances jurisprudenciales de los derechos de los grupos minoritarios comunidad LGBTI+ y trabajadoras sexuales. Con el fin de evidenciar también la postura del Estado Social de Derecho y la progresión de su Control Constitucional de manera Judicial. Como cuarto ítem o parte del análisis, discutiremos sobre los datos obtenidos de las encuestas realizadas a un grupo poblacional escogido de manera aleatoriamente, en donde las preguntas fueron relacionadas con la temática ampliamente expuesta en los párrafos anteriores, realizadas con el fin de evidenciar posturas acerca de esta problemática de manera práctica de parte de una muestra de la población colombiana. Finalmente estableceremos conclusiones.
Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Induction of Peptic Ulcer: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Badapanda Saswat Swarup , Kaur Amanjot , Jain Divya , Bhatia Deepika 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Peptic ulcers have a significant impact on global mortality and morbidity rates. The primary causative factors explored in this review include H.
pylori infection, unhealthy lifestyle choices, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Addressing this pressing health issue
requires raising awareness and developing novel medications and therapies, which necessitates further research. This article encompasses a wide
range of information on peptic ulcers, covering their epidemiology, etiological factors, pathogenesis, antiulcer agents, synthetic compounds, and
experimental animal models. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers by providing a
comprehensive overview of peptic ulcer disease. The review emphasizes the critical role of experimental animal models in advancing our
understanding of the disease and facilitating the development of novel treatments. By utilizing these models, researchers can gain deeper insights
into the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers and evaluate potential therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, this review highlights the need for continued
research efforts to address the challenges posed by peptic ulcer disease. By fostering awareness, promoting research, and encouraging the
implementation of effective therapies, we can collectively strive towards reducing the burden of peptic ulcer disease and improving the health and
well-being of individuals worldwide.
Therapeutic Potential of Alkaloids to Combat Breast Cancer: A Mechanistic Overview
Authors: Eswaran Anupriya , Sirasanagandla Srinivasa Rao , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Jayaraman Selvaraj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Breast cancer remains a major global health concern, ranking among the leading causes
of illness and mortality in women worldwide. Despite the effectiveness of conventional treatments
such as surgery, chemotherapy (CT), endocrine therapy (ET), radiation therapy (RT), and
targeted therapies, these approaches often fall short in providing a cure for advanced-stage patients
and frequently result in adverse side effects. This limitation drives the ongoing search for
therapeutic natural compounds with minimal or no side effects. Alkaloids, in particular, have garnered
attention for their broad spectrum of therapeutic properties against various malignancies,
including breast cancer. The objective of this review is to systematically evaluate the therapeutic
potential of 14 selected alkaloids that have been tested in in vitro and some in vivo models of
breast cancer along by focusing on their mechanistic actions targeting key molecular signaling
pathways involved in breast cancer progression. Majorly, the capability of alkaloids to induce cell
cycle arrest, pro-apoptotic mechanisms via modulating various molecular signaling pathways
were discussed. Notably, pathways such as the intrinsic and extrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic
pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and NF-κB cascades were
highlighted. Insights into conclusion the isoquinoline and indole derivatives, particularly berberine,
piperine, capsaicin, matrine, and harmine, have demonstrated significant potential effects and
these compounds also exhibited the ability to overcome drug resistance, and shown synergistic
effects with conventional therapies. Finally, this comprehensive review could provide an overall
insight into the application of these alkaloid compounds towards the prevention of breast cancer
and a foundation for future studies aimed at improving their clinical effectiveness, offering valuable
prospects.