bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foam sclerotherapy compared with liquid sclerotherapy for the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins
Authors: Bi Minglei , Li Danyi , Chen Zhenyu , Wang Yanjin , Ren Jizhen , Zhang Weina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
There is a continued discussion on which is the best sclerosant to treat lower extremity varicose veins. Therefore, we did this meta-analysis to determine that foam sclerotherapy versus liquid sclerotherapy, which could perform better in the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins.

Materials and methods:
We independently searched 5 databases from inception to February 1, 2019, for randomized controlled trials and prospective controlled trials for comparing foam sclerotherapy and liquid sclerotherapy for the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of studies. The primary outcome and secondary outcomes were analyzed using stata 15.0. This meta-analysis was performed according to Cochrane Handbook.

Results:
There were significant differences in effective rate (P < .001, odd ratios = 5.64, 95% confidence interval = 3.93–8.10) and incidence rate of pain (P = .030, odd ratios = 1.52, 95% confidence interval = 1.04–2.21) between foam sclerotherapy and liquid sclerotherapy. And there were no significant differences among local inflammation (P = .896, rate difference = 0.00, 95% confidence interval = –0.03 to 0.03), thrombophlebitis (P = .90, rate difference = 0.00, 95% confidence interval = −0.02 to 0.02) and hyperpigmentation (P = .336, rate difference = 0.05, 95% confidence interval = −0.05 to 0.14).

Conclusions:
Although foam sclerotherapy has a higher incidence rate of complications, it could achieve a more stable clinical efficacy in the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins than liquid sclerotherapy.
The effectiveness of acupoint catgut embedding in hyperlipidemia with obesity
Authors: Hong Peipei , Gao Yang , Wang Qiuyue , Qiu Xianliang , Chen Qiu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Hyperlipidemia is a common disease characterized as blood lipid metabolism disorders, which is always companied with obesity. Hyperlipidemia is the leading cause of the cardiovascular disease (CVD) closely associated with mortality, and the risk can further elevate in the obese population. Additionally, it induces stroke and acute pancreatitis. Studies demonstrated that acupoint catgut embedding is an effective therapy for hyperlipidemia with obesity. Whereas, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis to support the point. Thus, we intend to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to testify its effectiveness in hyperlipidemia with obesity.

Methods:
We will include articles by searching the following database: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Science Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang database. Whats more, the manual search can be executed as the complement of database searching. Endnote X8 and RevMan V.5.3 will be used to complete the process of study selection, data analysis, as well as date management.

Result:
The primary outcomes contain the reduction of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, and BMI, body weight (WB), waist circumference(WC), body fat percent (F%) from baseline to the end of studies. The second outcome is the number of adverse events during the total trial.

Conclusion:
We will summarize sufficient evidence to confirm the therapeutic effect and safety of acupoint catgut embedding in hyperlipidemia with obesity.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202040036.
Efficacy of repair and reconstruction therapy for the treatment of lateral ankle ligament injury
Authors: Wang Zheng-gang , Wu Chao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
In this study, we will explore the efficacy and safety of repair and reconstruction therapy (RRT) for patients with lateral ankle ligament injury (LALI).

Methods:
Searches will be carried out in the Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, along with a comprehensive search of grey literature. All databases will be searched from inception to the March 1, 2020 with no restrictions to language and publication status. Two investigators will independently conduct selection of study, information collection, and risk of bias assessment, respectively. A third investigator will help to solve any different opinions between 2 investigators. RevMan 5.3 software will be utilized for statistical analysis.

Results:
This study will assess the efficacy and safety of RRT for patients with LALI through assessing pain intensity, ankle function after ligament injury, time to return to work, time to return to sports, Tegner activity level, quality of life, and adverse events.

Conclusion:
This study summarizes latest evidence of RRT for patients with LALI and may provide guidance for clinical practice.

Study registration number: INPLASY202040082.
Correlation between peripheral blood inflammatory indicators and pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer patients
Authors: Eren Tulay , Karacin Cengiz , Ucar Gokhan , Ergun Yakup , Yazici Ozan , İmamoglu Goksen İnanc , Ozdemir Nuriye 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The immune system plays a fundamental role in the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients. Patients with pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC have a higher survival rate. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) are peripheral blood indicators of inflammatory response. This investigates the correlation between NLR, PLR, LMR, and other clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients before receiving NAC and pCR.
Data of LABC patients who underwent NAC between 2009 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Each patient's peripheral complete blood count was recorded before starting NAC. The cut-off values for neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets in the peripheral blood and NLR, PLR, and LMR were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analyses.
The records of 131 patients were analyzed and divided into two groups, pCR (+ve) and pCR (−ve), and their clinicopathological features and laboratory findings were compared. pCR was achieved in 23.6% of patients. The cut-off values of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets at the time of diagnosis and NLR, PLR, and LMR were, respectively, 4150 μL, 2000 μL, 635 μL, 271 × 103 μL, 1.95, 119, and 3.35. The pCR rate was higher in patients with low neutrophil count, low NLR, and high lymphocyte count (P = .002, <.001, and .040, respectively).
As per the findings of multivariate logistic regression analysis, the independent predictive factors of pCR were clinical tumor size T1 and T2, grade 3, ER negativity, and low NLR (P = .015, .001, .020, .022, and .001, respectively).
While NLR was found to be an independent predictive factor of pCR in LABC patients receiving NAC, a similar result was not observed for PLR and LMR. NLR can be a useful biomarker for predicting the response of patients receiving NAC.
Nasal nebulization inhalation of budesonide for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Zheng Peng-ju , Zhang Yi-ying , Zhang Shu-hua , Liu Gui-fang , Wang Jin-sheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps (CRNP) is a common public health concern for general population, and is thought to negatively impact their quality of life. Although previous studies have reported that nasal nebulization inhalation of budesonide (NNIB) can benefit patients with such condition, its conclusions are still inconsistent. Thus, this study will assess the efficacy and safety of NNIB for the treatment of CRNP.

Methods:
To identify any associated studies, we will comprehensively and systematically search Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. We will search all electronic databases from inception to the present with no limitations of language and publication status. Two independent reviewers will undertake selection of study, data collection, and study quality evaluation, respectively. Another reviewer will help to settle down any different opinions between both of them. Study quality will be checked using Cochrane risk of bias tool, and statistical analysis will be performed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
This study will assess the efficacy and safety of NNIB for the treatment of CRNP through assessing primary outcomes of nasal symptoms and polyp sizes, and secondary outcomes of serum cortisol levels, health-related quality of life, and any expected and unexpected adverse events.

Conclusion:
The results of this study will summarize the up-to-date evidence on assessing the efficacy and safety of NNIB for the treatment of CRNP.

Study registration number:
INPLASY202040108.
Endoscopic papillectomy of benign papillary tumors
Authors: Lü Shunli , Jiang Mengni , Liu Feng , Tang Hailing , Yang Yuan , Zhang Wei , Zhang Minmin , Jin Zhendong , Li Zhaoshen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Endoscopic treatment of duodenal papillary tumors is well described. This study aims to provide new evidence for the treatment of benign papillary tumors through comparisons between endoscopic snare papillectomy (ESP) and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR).
Between May 2010 and December 2017, 72 patients were enrolled. Diagnosis and treatment procedures were ESP and EMR. Endoscopic follow-up evaluation was done periodically as a surveillance measurement for recurrence.
Seventy-two patients with ampullary tumors were enrolled, of which 66 had adenomas including 9 high-grade intraepithelial neoplasias and 2 carcinomas in adenoma. Complete resections with tumor-free lateral and basal margins were achieved in all patients. Postoperative complications were bleeding (9.5% in EMR vs 10% in ESP) and pancreatitis (2.4% in EMR and 3.3% in ESP), with no occurrence of perforation, cholangitis or papillary stenosis. Adenoma recurrence was found in 7 patients (14.3% in EMR vs 3.3% in ESP) at 1 year.
The ESP procedure is safe and effective for benign ampullary adenoma, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasias, and noninvasive cancer without intraductal tumor growth, which has a shorter procedural duration, as well as lower complication, recurrence rates and hospitalization costs.
Long-term efficacy and feasibility of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device use in patients with adenomyosis
Authors: Song Soo Youn , Lee Sun Yeul , Kim Hye Yun , Park Dan Bit , Kim Da Eun , Lee Ki Hwan , Lee Siyeo , Yang Jung Bo , Yoo Heon Jong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) use longer than 5 years in women with adenomyosis.
Data were retrospectively collected from patients who were treated with LNG-IUD longer than 5 years at the Chungnam National University hospital for adenomyosis diagnosed with ultrasonography from January 2006 to November 2013.
A total of 131 patients who were diagnosed with adenomyosis had treated with LNG-IUD longer than 5 years. The mean duration of keeping 1 device without replacement was 58.35 ± 15.98 months, and total duration of LNG-IUD treatment was 83.86 ± 23.88 months. A total of 51 patients stopped using LNG-IUD after 5 years and the mean age at the time of LNG-IUD removal was 52.46 ± 6.9. LNG-IUD treatment had a significant effect on both menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea starting from the first month of insertion (P < .01), which persisted until 6 years when the effect started to plateau. The decrease in uterine volume was not consistent during the treatment period. The uterine volume decreased significantly only in the first and second year of LNG-IUD treatment and then from eighth to tenth year of LNG-IUD treatment (P < .05). Adverse events after insertion of LNG-IUD decreased significantly after 5 years.
LNG-IUD treatment longer than 5 years is an effective and feasible method for patients diagnosed with adenomyosis.
Precision therapeutic opioid dosing implications from genetic biomarkers and craving score
Authors: Chang Hsin-Wen , Ho Wen-Chao , Huang Chieh-Liang , Wang Ruey-Yun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Determining the clinically optimal dose in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is a time-consuming procedure, which considers clinical signs and symptoms.
To perform a quantitative trait locus association for identifying genetic variants for MMT dosage that underlie heroin addiction and methadone metabolism and then integrate several genotypic and phenotypic factors are potential predictors for clinically optimal MMT dose for personalized prescription.
In total, 316 heroin-dependent patients undergoing MMT were recruited at the Addiction Center of the China Medical University Hospital. A multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess associations between genetic polymorphisms and MMT dosing. The data were randomly separated into training and testing sets. In order to enhance the prediction accuracy and the reliability of the prediction model, we used areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves to evaluate optimal MMT dose in both training and testing sets.
Four single nucleotide polymorphisms, namely rs806368 in CNR1, s1386493 in TPH2, s16974799 in CYP2B6, and rs2229205 in OPRL1, were significantly associated with the maximum MMT dose (P < .05). The genetic risk score (GRS) was associated with maximum MMT dose, and after adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index, the GRS remained independently associated with the maximum MMT dose. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the combined GRS and craving score was 0.77 for maximum MMT dose, with 75% sensitivity and 60% specificity.
Integrating the GRS and craving scores may be useful in the evaluation of individual MMT dose requirements at treatment initiation. Optimal dose prediction allows clinicians to tailor MMT to each patient's needs.
Hyaluronic acid predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer patients
Authors: Wu Weiping , Chen Lifen , Wang Yanzhong , Jin Jing , Xie Xinyou , Zhang Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Hyaluronic acid (HA) may be a novel prognostic biomarker of breast cancer. However, the available evidence is controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the prognostic role of HA in breast cancer.

Methods:
The data were extracted from seven articles by searching the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang data for the prognostic role of HA in breast cancer. In reference to survival outcomes, the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) of HA were calculated given a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results:
A total of seven articles were included in our study involving 2664 cases. The result of meta-analysis showed that a high HA level predicts poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.28–2.71, P = .001) and shortened disease-free or recurrence-free survival or progression free survival (DFS/RFS/PFS) (HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14–2.33, P = .007) in breast cancer patients. Moreover, a high HA level in stroma (HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.06–2.51, P = .025) and plasma (HR = 3.26, 95% CI: 2.25–4.73, P < .001) significantly predicted poor OS. Besides, a tendency shows that HA was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 0.96–2.49, P = .070) and tumor grade (HR = 2.10, 95% CI: 0.89–4.96, P = .089) on the clinical characteristics of patients.

Conclusion:
These results suggested that HA has a potential to be prognostic biomarker in breast cancer patients, especially location in stroma and plasma.
Effectiveness of acupuncture in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Wu Jielei , Chen Di , Liu Nenghui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in reproductive-age females with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods:
We searched the Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and Chongqing VIP databases for the relevant literature. The meta-analysis was performed with a random-effects model with RevMan 5.3. The primary outcomes of interest included the rate of live birth, pregnancy and ovulation, and the secondary outcomes included the recovery of menstrual period and hormone levels. Results were expressed as the relative risk (RR) for the discrete data and the mean difference (MD) for the continuous outcomes with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results:
Twenty two studies with 2315 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. A pooled analysis showed a recovery of the menstrual period (5 trials; 364 participants; SMD, −0.52; 95% CI [−0.89, −0.14]; I
2 = 67%; P = .0007; low certainty) in the acupuncture group. Furthermore, there were significant decreases in the luteinizing hormone (LH) (13 trials; 917 participants; MD, −0.92; 95% CI [−1.43, −0.41]; I
2 = 60%; P = .0004; very low certainty) and testosterone (13 trials; 923 participants; SMD, −0.46; 95% CI [−0.73, −0.20]; I
2 = 75%; P = .0006; very low certainty) in the acupuncture group. No significant differences were observed in the rates of live birth, pregnancy, and ovulation, and no significant differences were observed in the LH/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio.

Conclusions:
There was insufficient evidence to support that acupuncture could promote live birth, pregnancy, and ovulation. However, acupuncture could promote the recovery of menstrual cycles as well as downregulate the levels of LH and testosterone in patients with PCOS.
Study registration: PROSPERO CRD42019128574.
Impact of transcranial Doppler sonography for detecting ischemic stroke
Authors: Liu Wen-Juan , Zhang Ya-Juan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to explore the impact of transcranial Doppler sonography (TDS) for detecting ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods:
PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, WANGFANG, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge In-frastructure will be utilized to examine case-controlled studies that used TDS for detecting IS. All electronic databases will be searched from inception to March 20, 2020. All study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessment will be carried out by 2 independent reviewers. All study quality will be assessed by Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool, and statistical analysis will be performed by RevMan V.5.3 software and Stata V.12.0 software.

Results:
This study will explore the impact of TDS for detecting IS through sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio.

Conclusion
: This study expects to find out whether TDS can be utilized for IS detection.
Systematic review registration: INPLASY202040155.
Nivolumab-induced IgA nephropathy in a patient with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Tanabe Katsuyuki , Kanzaki Hiromitsu , Wada Takahira , Nakashima Yuri , Sugiyama Hitoshi , Okada Hiroyuki , Wada Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors including nivolumab, an antibody against programmed death-1, have been increasingly introduced in various cancer treatment regimens, and are reported to be associated with immune-related adverse events. Nivolumab-induced renal injury is generally caused by acute interstitial nephritis and is managed by drug discontinuation and steroid therapy. Although this agent can infrequently induce glomerulonephritis, the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategy remain undetermined.

Patient concerns:
A 78-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer with portal thrombosis. First- and second-line chemotherapies were ineffective; thus, nivolumab monotherapy was initiated. Although it effectively prevented tumor growth, proteinuria and microhematuria appeared 2 months later. Despite drug discontinuation, serum creatinine progressively increased from 0.72 to 1.45 mg/dL. Renal biopsy revealed mesangial IgA and C3 deposition in immunofluorescence analysis and mesangial proliferation with crescent formation in light microscopy.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with IgA nephropathy. Based on the temporal relationship between the nivolumab therapy and abnormal urinalysis, IgA nephropathy was considered to have been induced by nivolumab.

Interventions:
A moderate dose (0.6 mg/kg/day) of prednisolone was orally administrated, with tapering biweekly.

Outcomes:
Steroid therapy stabilized his serum creatinine levels and markedly reduced proteinuria. However, bacterial pneumonia substantially impaired his performance status; thus, nivolumab could not be restarted despite tumor regrowth.

Lessons:
IgA nephropathy should be recognized as an uncommon renal adverse event during nivolumab therapy. After drug discontinuation, nivolumab-induced IgA nephropathy is likely to respond to moderate doses of steroid therapy with early tapering. However, more evidence is needed to determine whether nivolumab can be safely restarted during or after steroid therapy.
Assessment of lamivudine, zidovudine, lopinavir, and ritonavir plasma levels in HIV-positive pregnant women
Authors: Hernández-Pineda Jessica , Jung-Cook Helgi Helene , Katende-Kyenda Norah Lucky , Galindo-Sevilla Norma , Domínguez-Castro Mauricio , Romo-Yañéz José , Ramírez-Ramírez Alicia , Irles Claudine , Figueroa-Damián Ricardo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Simultaneous therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is critical during pregnancy in order to improve clinical follow-up, monitor viral load, and patient adherence to treatment.
A modified simple and fast ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed and validated according to national and international guidelines for the simultaneous determination of lamivudine (LMV), zidovudine (ZDV), lopinavir (LPV), and ritonavir (RTV) concentrations in 100-μL plasma sample of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive pregnant women. Protein precipitation using 0.1% formic acid in cold acetonitrile was used for sample preparation. The chromatographic separation was achieved with a run-time of 3.0 minutes and 3-μL injection on an ethylene bridged hybrid C18 column (2.1 μm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm), under gradient conditions using acetonitrile and formic acid (0.1%).
The chromatographic method was used to analyze 10 plasma samples from 8 HIV pregnant women as a clinical patient routinely follow-up by applying TDM criteria.
The protonated precursor/product ion transitions for LMV (230.18/112.08), ZDV (268.22/127.10), LPV (629.55/447.35), and RTV (721.50/296.20) were recorded in multiple-reaction-monitoring (MRM) mode. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 50–3,000, 75–4,500, 250–15,000, and 25–1,500-ng/mL for LMV, ZDV, LPV, and RTV, respectively. The range of accuracy was 97.2% to 100.1% and precision 3.4% to 12.7%. The method showed specificity and matrix effect values of < 15%. Minimum absolute recovery percentages (%CV) were 90.5 (5.4), 90.8 (5.0), 95.4 (3.5), and 93.7 (6.9), for LMV, ZDV, LPV, and RTV, respectively. Drug concentrations in patient samples had high inter-individual variability with %CV of 91.98%, 77.54%, 53.80%, and 92.16% for ZDV, LMV, LPV, and RTV, respectively. Two of the 8 patients showed no adherence due to the absence of Protease Inhibitors (PIs) levels in plasma.
This technique demonstrated to be effective in therapeutic drug monitoring and is intended to be used in population pharmacokinetics specifically for HIV-positive pregnant women.