bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of a model of first‐trimester prediction and prevention of preterm pre‐eclampsia compared with usual care
Authors: Park F. , Deeming S. , Bennett N. , Hyett J. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesPre‐eclampsia (PE) causes substantial maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. In addition to the personal impact on women, children and their families, PE has a significant economic impact on our society. Recent research suggests that a first‐trimester multivariate model is highly predictive of preterm (< 37 weeks' gestation) PE and can be combined successfully with targeted prophylaxis (low‐dose aspirin), resulting in an 80% reduction in prevalence of disease. The aim of this study was to examine the potential health outcomes and cost implications following introduction of first‐trimester prediction and prevention of preterm PE within a public healthcare setting, compared with usual care, and to conduct a cost‐effectiveness analysis to inform health‐service decisions regarding implementation of such a program.MethodsA decision‐analytic model was used to compare usual care with the proposed first‐trimester screening intervention within the obstetric population (n = 6822) attending two public hospitals within a metropolitan district health service in New South Wales, Australia, between January 2015 and December 2016. The model, applied from early pregnancy, included exposure to a variety of healthcare professionals and addressed type of risk assessment (usual care or first‐trimester screening) and use of (compliance with) low‐dose aspirin prescribed prophylactically for prevention of PE. All pathways culminated in six possible health outcomes, ranging from no PE to maternal death. Results were presented as the number of cases of PE gained/avoided and the incremental increase/decrease in economic costs arising from the intervention compared with usual care. Significant assumptions were tested in sensitivity/uncertainty analyses.ResultsThe intervention produced, across all gestational ages, 31 fewer cases of PE and reduced aggregate economic health‐service costs by 1 431 186 Australian dollars over the 2‐year period. None of the tested iterations of uncertainty analyses reported additional cases of PE or higher economic costs. The new intervention based on first‐trimester screening dominated usual care.ConclusionThis cost‐effectiveness analysis demonstrated a reduction in prevalence of preterm PE and substantial cost savings associated with a population‐based program of first‐trimester prediction and prevention of PE, and supports implementation of such a policy. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Highlights on the Canine Prostatic Specific Esterase (CPSE): A diagnostic and screening tool in veterinary andrology
Authors: Melandri Monica , Alonge Salvatore 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the last years, the need to look for an accurate and precise diagnosis of prostatic diseases in dogs has grown. Among other diagnostic tools, the seric CPSE has been studied and identified as a valid and specific biomarker for prostatic disorders, since it can result significantly more elevated in dogs affected by several prostatic abnormalities, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia, bacterial prostatitis and prostatic carcinoma. Therefore, dosing CPSE in serum represents a new diagnostic and screening tool. Dosing CPSE in everyday clinical practice has three objectives: (a) the diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia; (b) the preventive screening of prostatic disorders in healthy dogs; (c) the medical follow‐up in subjects with prostatic disorders during and after medical therapy. Neither circadian rhythms nor transrectal palpation performed during the andrological examination do affect CPSE. A sexual rest of at least 24 hr before dosing CPSE is recommended as it is affected by ejaculation.
AI in digital forensics: Ontology engineering for cybercrime investigations
Authors: Sikos Leslie F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn parallel with the exponentially growing number of computing devices and IoT networks, the data storage and processing requirements of digital forensics are also increasing. Therefore, automation is highly desired in this field, yet not readily available, and many challenges remain, ranging from unstructured forensic data derived from diverse sources to a lack of semantics defined for digital forensic investigation concepts. By formally describing digital forensic concepts and properties, purpose‐designed ontologies enable integrity checking via automated reasoning and facilitate anomaly detection for the chain of custody in digital forensic investigations. This article provides a review of these ontologies, and investigates their applicability in the automation of processing traces of digital evidence.This article is categorized under:
Digital and Multimedia Science > Artificial Intelligence
Digital and Multimedia Science > Cybercrime Investigation
Digital and Multimedia Science > Cyber Threat Intelligence
Critical review of bio‐inspired optimization techniques
Authors: Johnvictor Anita Christaline , Durgamahanthi Vaishali , Pariti Venkata Ramya Meghana , Jethi Nishtha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn today's world of engineering evolution, the need for optimized design has led to development of a plethora of optimization algorithms. Right from hardware engineering design problems that need optimization of design parameters to software applications that require reduction of data sets, optimization algorithms play a vital role. These algorithms are either based on statistical measures or on heuristics. Traditional optimization algorithms use statistical methods in which the optimal solution may not be the global minimal point. These standard optimization techniques are more application specific and demand different parameter sets for different applications. Rather, the bio‐inspired meta‐heuristic algorithms act like black boxes enabling multiple applications with definite global optimal solutions. This review work gives an insight of various bio‐inspired optimization algorithms including dragonfly algorithm, the whale optimization algorithm, gray wolf optimizer, moth‐flame optimization algorithm, cuckoo optimization algorithm, artificial bee colony algorithm, ant colony optimization, grasshopper optimization algorithm, binary bat algorithm, salp algorithm, and the ant lion optimizer. The biological behaviors of the living things that lead to modeling of these algorithms have been discussed in detail. The parametric setting of each algorithm has been studied and their evaluation with benchmark test functions has been reviewed. Also their application to real‐world engineering design problems has been discussed. Based on these characteristics, the possibility to extend these algorithms to data set optimization, feature set reduction, or optimization has been discussed.This article is categorized under:
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Algorithms
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Computational Complexity
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Genetic Algorithms and Evolutionary Computing
COVID‐19 Shelter‐at‐Home Orders: Impacts and Policy Responses in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Walters Julie 
Published: September 2020

On January 5, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO, 2020) published its first global announcement about a cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. Throughout that month, globally, health experts attempted to gather more data to better understand the nature of the mysterious illness. On February 11, 2020, the WHO assigned the name COVID‐19 to the disease and by mid‐March, declared it a pandemic, having documented 114 countries reporting cases (Ghebreyesus, 2020). Until mid‐March, much of the daily lives of people around the world, including the lives of those experiencing intimate partner violence, remained status quo. COVID‐19 was unknown prior to this pandemic and globally medical researchers are collecting data that can help frame government policy responses for mitigating its spread until both a vaccine and an effective treatment are found. While COVID‐19 negatively impacts public health, economic, and social structures, individual stakeholder groups experience differential impacts. This article provides a preliminary assessment of how related public health policy interventions are affecting the incidence of intimate partner violence and presents several recommendations for mitigating their impact at the national and subnational levels of government.
The Clockwork Standard Model
Authors: Kang Yoo-Jin , Kim Soonbin , Lee Hyun Min 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We consider various bulk fields with general dilaton couplings in the linear dilaton background in five dimensions as the continuum limit of clockwork models. We show that the localization of the zero modes of bulk fields and the mass gap in the KK spectrum depend not only on the bulk dilaton coupling, but also on the bulk mass parameter in the case of a bulk fermion. The consistency from universality and perturbativity of gauge couplings constrain the dilaton couplings to the brane-localized matter fields as well as the bulk gauge bosons. Constructing the Clockwork Standard Model (SM) in the linear dilaton background, we provide the necessary conditions for the bulk mass parameters for explaining the mass hierarchy and mixing for the SM fermions. We can introduce a sizable expansion parameter ε = $$ {e}^{-\frac{2}{3}{kz}_c} $$

e

−

2
3

kz
c

for the realistic flavor structure in the quark sector without a fine-tuning in the bulk mass parameters, but at the expense of a large 5D Planck scale. On the other hand, we can use a smaller expansion parameter for lepton masses, in favor of the solution to the hierarchy problem of the Higgs mass parameter. We found that massive Kaluza-Klein (KK) gauge bosons and massive KK gravitons couple more strongly to light and heavy fermions, respectively, so there is a complementarity in the resonance researches for those KK modes at the LHC.
Qualität der Cochleaimplantat-Rehabilitation unter COVID-19-Bedingungen
Authors: Aschendorff A. , Arndt S. , Kröger S. , Wesarg T. , Ketterer M. C. , Kirchem P. , Pixner S. , Hassepaß F. , Beck R. 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Rehabilitation nach CI(Cochleaimplantat)-Operation erfolgt leitliniengerecht durch eine multimodale Therapie, technische Anpassungen des Sprachprozessors und medizinische Nachsorge. Zu Zeiten der Corona-Pandemie wurde für die Patienten der Zugang zur auditorischen Rehabilitation verzögert oder erschwert. Die neuen Hygienemaßnahmen durch die SARS-Cov-2-Pandemie verändern auch die medizinische Nachsorge und Rehabilitation nach CI. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Qualität der Rehabilitation unter Corona-Bedingungen zu evaluieren.

Material und Methoden
Wir führten eine anonyme Befragung erwachsener Rehabilitanden mittels nichtstandardisiertem Fragebogen durch. Beurteilt wurden im Vergleich zu den Voraufenthalten die Qualität der ärztlichen Betreuung, der Sprach- und Musiktherapie, der technischen Anpassung und der psychologischen Betreuung sowie der Einsatz der Hygienemaßnahmen.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt 109 Rehabilitanden beantworteten den Fragebogen. Die Qualität der Rehabilitation und der Therapien wurde als qualitativ unverändert oder besser eingeschätzt. Die Gefährlichkeit der Pandemie, aber auch die Angst in der derzeitigen Situation gaben die Rehabilitanden zu einem unerwartet hohen Prozentsatz mit 68 bzw. 50 % an. Gleichzeitig konnten die getroffenen Hygienemaßnahmen die Patienten subjektiv während des Aufenthalts entlasten. Der Mund-Nasen-Schutz war für die Mehrheit sehr störend, Visiere, Spuckschutz bzw. Abstandsgebot wurden eher toleriert.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die Umsetzung der Hygienemaßnahmen im therapeutischen Setting der CI-Rehabilitation wird von den Rehabilitanden akzeptiert und erlaubt den Zugang zur auditorischen Rehabilitation. Ziel einer erfolgreichen CI-Rehabilitation sollte eine möglichst angstfreie Behandlung unter Wahrung der Hygieneregeln sein.
Response rate and safety in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization using 40-µm doxorubicin-eluting microspheres
Authors: Albrecht Katharina Carolin , Aschenbach René , Diamantis Ioannis , Eckardt Niklas , Teichgräber Ulf 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the response rate and safety of superselective drug-eluting beats transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) with doxorubicin-loaded 40-µm microspheres in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
One hundred and forty-one treatments with doxorubicin-loaded 40-µm microspheres in 83 patients between 2012 and 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. Images of the treated lesions were analyzed before and after each treatment according to mRECIST (modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors). Therapy response (complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]) and disease control (CR + PR + stable disease [SD]) rates were determined, and the correlation between the longitudinal axis (longest diameter of the tumor) and volume was investigated using a newly developed software for systematic tumor response assessment. Additional endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and time to progression (TTP).

Results
In the target tumors, a therapy response rate of 63.1% and a disease control rate of 95.7% were achieved. There was a good correlation between the measurement of the longitudinal axis and volume of the measured lesion (r value, 0.954). The median PFS was 2.23 months, and the median TTP was 5.91 months. The serious adverse event rate (SAE) was 10.64%.

Conclusion
Superselective DEB-TACE with 40-µm sized Embozene Tandem™ can be considered an effective and safe treatment, given the number of procedure-related complications.
Non-intrusive reduced order modelling for the dynamics of geometrically nonlinear flat structures using three-dimensional finite elements
Authors: Vizzaccaro Alessandra , Givois Arthur , Longobardi Pierluigi , Shen Yichang , Deü Jean-François , Salles Loïc , Touzé Cyril , Thomas Olivier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNon-intrusive methods have been used since two decades to derive reduced-order models for geometrically nonlinear structures, with a particular emphasis on the so-called STiffness Evaluation Procedure (STEP), relying on the static application of prescribed displacements in a finite-element context. We show that a particularly slow convergence of the modal expansion is observed when applying the method with 3D elements, because of nonlinear couplings occurring with very high frequency modes involving 3D thickness deformations. Focusing on the case of flat structures, we first show by computing all the modes of the structure that a converged solution can be exhibited by using either static condensation or normal form theory. We then show that static modal derivatives provide the same solution with fewer calculations. Finally, we propose a modified STEP, where the prescribed displacements are imposed solely on specific degrees of freedom of the structure, and show that this adjustment also provides efficiently a converged solution.
Understanding the public attitudinal acceptance of digital farming technologies: a nationwide survey in Germany
Authors: Pfeiffer Johanna , Gabriel Andreas , Gandorfer Markus 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe magnitude of public concerns about agricultural innovations has often been underestimated, as past examples, such as pesticides, nanotechnology, and cloning, demonstrate. Indeed, studies have proven that the agricultural sector presents an area of tension and often attracts skepticism concerning new technologies. Digital technologies have become increasingly popular in agriculture. Yet there are almost no investigations on the public acceptance of digitalization in agriculture so far. Our online survey provides initial insights to reduce this knowledge gap. The sample (n = 2012) represents the German population in terms of gender, age (minimum 18 years), education and size of place of residence. Results showed that if the potential of digital farming technologies (DFT) regarding animal welfare and environmental protection was described, respondents reacted positively. Thus, the general attitudes of respondents toward the benefits of DFT were mostly positive. The approval to increasing adoption rates of particular DFT by providing subsidies was also high. Linear regression models showed that the dominant positive influences on respondents’ attitudes toward the benefits of DFT were a generally positive attitude toward farming and a strong trust in farmers in Germany. Confronting respondents with pictures showing DFT resulted in many spontaneous negative associations and general criticism of agricultural production. The latter holds true for DFT in animal husbandry in particular. However, as agriculture as a whole is criticized by many groups in Germany, it is unlikely that benefits from digitalization will significantly increase the public acceptance of agriculture as a whole.
The role of environmental filtering, geographic distance and dispersal barriers in shaping the turnover of plant and animal species in Amazonia
Authors: Dambros Cristian , Zuquim Gabriela , Moulatlet Gabriel M. , Costa Flávia R. C. , Tuomisto Hanna , Ribas Camila C. , Azevedo Renato , Baccaro Fabricio , Bobrowiec Paulo E. D. , Dias Murilo S. , Emilio Thaise , Espirito-Santo Helder M. V. , Figueiredo Fernando O. G. , Franklin Elizabeth , Freitas Cintia , Graça Márlon B. , d’Horta Fernando , Leitão Rafael P. , Maximiano Marina , Mendonça Fernando P. , Menger Juliana , Morais José W. , de Souza Affonso H. N. , Souza Jorge L. P. , da C. Tavares Valéria , do Vale Julio D. , Venticinque Eduardo M. , Zuanon Jansen , Magnusson William E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo determine the effect of rivers, environmental conditions, and isolation by distance on the distribution of species in Amazonia. Location: Brazilian Amazonia. Time period: Current. Major taxa studied: Birds, fishes, bats, ants, termites, butterflies, ferns + lycophytes, gingers and palms. We compiled a unique dataset of biotic and abiotic information from 822 plots spread over the Brazilian Amazon. We evaluated the effects of environment, geographic distance and dispersal barriers (rivers) on assemblage composition of animal and plant taxa using multivariate techniques and distance- and raw-data-based regression approaches. Environmental variables (soil/water), geographic distance, and rivers were associated with the distribution of most taxa. The wide and relatively old Amazon River tended to determine differences in community composition for most biological groups. Despite this association, environment and geographic distance were generally more important than rivers in explaining the changes in species composition. The results from multi-taxa comparisons suggest that variation in community composition in Amazonia reflects both dispersal limitation (isolation by distance or by large rivers) and the adaptation of species to local environmental conditions. Larger and older river barriers influenced the distribution of species. However, in general this effect is weaker than the effects of environmental gradients or geographical distance at broad scales in Amazonia, but the relative importance of each of these processes varies among biological groups.
Affective field during collaborative problem posing and problem solving: a case study
Authors: Schindler Maike , Bakker Arthur 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEducators in mathematics have long been concerned about students’ motivation, anxiety, and other affective characteristics. Typically, research into affect focuses on one theoretical construct (e.g., emotion, motivation, beliefs, or interest). However, we introduce the term affective field to account for a person’s various affective factors (emotions, attitudes, etc.) in their intraplay. In a case study, we use data from an extracurricular, inquiry-oriented collaborative problem posing and problem solving (PP&PS) program, which took place as a 1-year project with four upper secondary school students in Sweden (aged 16–18). We investigated the affective field of one student, Anna, in its social and dynamic nature. The question addressed in this context is: In what ways does an affective field of a student engaging in PP&PS evolve, and what may be explanations for this evolvement? Anna’s affective field was dynamic over the course of the program. Her initial anxiety during the PP&PS program was rooted in her prior affective field about mathematics activities, but group collaboration, the feeling of safety and appreciation, together with an increased interest in within-solution PP and openness for trying new things went hand in hand with positive dynamics in her affective field.
Forward and Pullback Dynamics of Nonautonomous Integrodifference Equations: Basic Constructions
Authors: Huynh Huy , Kloeden Peter E. , Pötzsche Christian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn theoretical ecology, models describing the spatial dispersal and the temporal evolution of species having non-overlapping generations are often based on integrodifference equations. For various such applications the environment has an aperiodic influence on the models leading to nonautonomous integrodifference equations. In order to capture their long-term behaviour comprehensively, both pullback and forward attractors, as well as forward limit sets are constructed for general infinite-dimensional nonautonomous dynamical systems in discrete time. While the theory of pullback attractors, but not their application to integrodifference equations, is meanwhile well-established, the present novel approach is needed in order to understand their future behaviour.
Papierstauraum: Bücher und Objekte in Katalogen
Authors: Münkner Jörn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLibraries hold, preserve and keep available not only books, but also items of various kinds. Catalogues, primarily intended to register and make volumes traceable, are also used to account for objects as part of collections. Using three historical catalogues with books and appendices of things and objects as samples, the article discusses the relation between the representational form of the registered entries and their materiality as concrete items (books and objects). Catalogues appear as literary storage spaces with a materiality of their own that bestow a virtual materiality to the items they list and display.
Students’ Personal Belief in a Just World, Well-Being, and Academic Cheating: A Cross-National Study
Authors: Münscher Susan , Donat Matthias , Kiral Ucar Gözde 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA cross-national study with university students from Germany (n = 1135) and Turkey (n = 634) tested whether personal belief in a just world (PBJW) predicts students’ life satisfaction and academic cheating. Based on the just-world theory and empirical findings in the school context, we expected university students with a stronger personal BJW to be more satisfied with their lives and cheat less than those with a weaker BJW. Further, we investigated the mediating role of justice experiences with lecturers and fellow students in these relations. Differences in PBJW directly and indirectly predicted undergraduates’ life satisfaction. Students’ justice experiences with peers mediated the relationship between PBJW and life satisfaction. Differences in PBJW indirectly predicted undergraduates’ academic cheating. Students’ justice experiences with lecturers mediated the relationship between PBJW and academic cheating. The results did not differ between German and Turkish students and persisted when we controlled for gender, start of studies, socially desirable responding, general BJW, and self-efficacy. We discussed the importance of personal BJW’s adaptive functions and their relevance for international university research and practice.