bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective and Objective Measurements of Sinonasal Manifestations in Patients With Autoimmune Disorders
Authors: Makary Chadi A. , Gill Brittany , Parman Brock , Unsal Aykut A. , Holmes Thomas , Reyes‐Gelves Camilo , Kountakis Stilianos E. 
Published: April 2020

Objectives/HypothesisA number of autoimmune disorders (ADs) are associated with a spectrum of sinonasal manifestations comparable to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Our objective was to study the subjective and objective measurements of sinonasal manifestations of ADs.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsAll patients with ADs referred to our tertiary care rhinology clinic from 2008 to 2019 with sinonasal symptoms were compared to randomly selected cohorts of noneosinophilic CRS without nasal polyps (neCRSsNP) and eosinophilic CRSsNP (eCRSsNP). Demographic data, along with the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), Lund‐Kennedy (LK) endoscopy score, Lund‐Mackay (LM) computed tomography (CT) score, nasal crusting, and epistaxis were reviewed at presentation.ResultsFifty‐three patients with an AD (26 with sarcoidosis, 14 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 10 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis [GPA], and three with pemphigoid vulgaris) were identified, and compared to 75 randomly selected neCRSsNP patients and 75 eCRSsNP patients. Patients with an AD had an average SNOT‐22 score of 44.4 (confidence interval [CI]: 34.6‐51.2) compared to 25 (CI: 24.4‐25.1) and 29.7 (CI: 20.3‐29.7) for neCRSsNP and eCRSsNP patients, respectively (P < .0001), and an average LK endoscopy score of 5.3 (CI: 4.3‐6.3), compared to 3.4 (P = .005, CI: 2.7‐4) in neCRSsNP and 4.4 in eCRSsNP (P = .2, CI: 3.7‐5). There was no significant difference in the CT score compared to both groups. Patients with an AD also scored significantly worse on all four SNOT‐33 subdomains, nasal obstruction, nasal crusting, and epistaxis. Additionally, patients with GPA had the worst symptomatic and endoscopy scores.ConclusionsPatients with ADs presenting with sinonasal symptoms have a more severe subjective and objective presentation than patients with CRS without nasal polyps.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:255–259, 2021
CrV Bimetallic Phillips Catalyst Prepared by Citric Acid‐Assisted Impregnation on Ethylene Polymerization
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Rui , Ren He , Liu Yue , Ling Shijia , Zhang Hongwei , Liu Boping , Cheng Ruihua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThree CrV bimetallic Phillips catalysts are developed by a citric acid‐assisted impregnation method and studied in ethylene homopolymerization and ethylene/1‐hexene copolymerization. The method benefits to the dispersion of bimetallic active sites, especially for the V ones. The electron binding energy shift of V 2p3/2 in CrV‐1/2‐CA suggests the increased electron deficiency of V active center. The CrV‐1/2‐CA, CrV‐1/3‐CA catalysts present higher activity, broader molecular weight distribution, than the counterparts without CA‐assisted impregnation, suggesting more active sites involved in the reaction. The 1‐hexene is higher inserted in the polyethylene by CrV‐1/2 than the CrV‐1/2‐CA. But the results of temperature rising elution fractionation‐successive self‐nucleation and annealing (TREF‐SSA) show the thinner platelet thickness at the high molecular weight parts of high‐density polyethylene by CrV‐1/2‐CA, suggesting the higher insertion of 1‐hexene and higher tensile properties. The CrV‐1/2‐CA also shows the more hydrogen‐regulated response in the polymerization. The deconvolution of the gel permeation chromatography curves presents the higher fractions of high molecular weight polymer component.
Simplification of Hyperelastic Constitutive Model and Finite Element Analysis of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers
Authors: Wang Yingzhu , Luo Weiang , Huang Junwen , Peng Chaohua , Wang Hongchao , Yuan Conghui , Chen Guorong , Zeng Birong , Dai Lizong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, the simplified hyperelastic constitutive model and finite element analysis of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUs) under uniaxial tension are studied. Based on a series of classical strain energy density function of hyperelastic materials, a “one‐step” transformation algorithm from standard test data to the simplest constitutive model is proposed and a three‐parameter simplified constitutive model is obtained. The simplified model has a high accuracy on the experimentally determined load–displacement curve with fitting errors of 0.95%, 0.81%, and 0.98% to three TPUs comprising different hard segment contents of 15.19, 22.54, and 38.51 wt%, respectively. By combining the simplified hyperelastic constitutive model with the finite element analysis, the mechanical behavior of TPUs in uniaxial tensile state is predicted accurately. The simplification algorithm and simulation method may be applicable to other hyperelastic materials with more complex shapes and working conditions and have certain practical engineering guiding significance for the subsequent material selection, design, and production.
Deep tillage combined with biofertilizer following soil fumigation improved chrysanthemum growth by regulating the soil microbiome
Authors: Chen Huijie , Zhao Shuang , Zhao Jiamiao , Zhang Kaikai , Jiang Jing , Guan Zhiyong , Chen Sumei , Chen Fadi , Fang Weimin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSustained monoculture often leads to the inhibition of plant growth, the decrease of the soil microbial diversity, and changes in soil microbial community composition, particularly to the accumulation of soil‐borne pathogens. In this study, we conducted field experiments to investigate the practical effects of tilling the soil down to a depth of 40 cm (40dp) in combination with dazomet (D) soil fumigation and/or the application of a bio‐organic fertilizer (B) on chrysanthemum growth, with a focus on the potential mechanisms underlying the responses of the soil microbiome. The growth indices of chrysanthemum were significantly (p < .05) increased in the DB + 40dp treatment compared to that in other treatments. The weighted and unweighted UniFrac distances in the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that soil bacterial and fungal community compositions were separated according to the treatments. The abundance of genera potentially expressing growth promotion, such as Pseudomonas and Bacillus, was increased in the DB + 40dp treatment. In addition, the combined DB + 40dp treatment enhanced the activities of catalase, urease, sucrase, and β‐d‐glucosidase, and significantly increased the levels of available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil. The redundancy analysis (RDA) implied that the composition of the microbiome was correlated to soil enzymatic activities and soil potassium availability in the rhizosphere soil of chrysanthemum plants. Our findings suggest that the DB + 40dp treatment is a better strategy for improving chrysanthemum growth and regulating the rhizosphere microbiome in monoculture soils than the methods presently employed by commercial chrysanthemum producers.
Use of skin advanced glycation end product levels measured using a simple noninvasive method as a biological marker for the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric diseases
Authors: Yamashita Hiroki , Fukushima Eriko , Shimomura Kaori , Hirose Hitoki , Nakayama Ken , Orimo Narihiro , Mao Wanyi , Katsuta Narimasa , Nishimon Shohei , Ohnuma Tohru 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) may be involved in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric diseases. In this study, the skin AGEs level of several neuropsychiatric diseases was assessed with a simple noninvasive method. Moreover, whether skin AGE level can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of these diseases was evaluated.MethodsA total of 27 patients with schizophrenia, 26 with major depressive disorder, and 10 with major neurocognitive disorders (MNDs), such as Alzheimer's disease or dementia with Lewy body, as well as 26 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The skin AGE levels of the patients were assessed with an AGE scanner, a fluorometric method used to assay skin AGE levels.ResultsOne‐way analysis of covariance was performed after adjusting for significant covariates, including age. Although the group with MNDs had higher skin AGE levels than the other groups, the main effect of diagnosis did not significantly affect the skin AGE levels of the groups.ConclusionsSkin AGE levels in neuropsychiatric diseases with mild symptoms did not significantly differ. Further large‐scale studies using a simple noninvasive method for the early detection and treatment of MNDs must be conducted.
Mechanical characterization of arhar biomass based porous nano activated carbon polymer composites
Authors: Om Prakash Minugu , Gujjala Raghavendra , Panchal Manoj , Ojha Shakuntala 
Published: April 2020

AbstractActivated carbon material was synthesized by two stage pyrolysis and chemical activation method using arhar fiber biomass as precursor. The effect of activation temperature on the characteristics of activated carbon materials was explored. Temperatures of 700°C, 800°C, and 900°C were used for the production of activated carbon materials. BET surface area, pore size, and pore volume were studied using N2 adsorption analysis. Activated carbon prepared at 800°C temperature was found to be effective; exhibited 504.6 m2/g surface area and pore volume of 0.245569 cm3/g with micropores of less than 20 Å diameter. XRD analysis of the material exhibited broad and sharp peaks in the range of 18 to 30 (2θ), confirming amorphous structure. From thermogravimetric analysis, it was noticed that activated carbon has high thermal stability. It was left with 62% of residual mass when subjected to 1400°C temperature. Activated carbon material synthesized at 800°C was used as filler while epoxy functioned as matrix material for fabrication of composites. The effect of filler loading on the tensile strength of composites was studied. Tensile strength of composite material increased with addition of filler loading. It was observed that composite with 2% filler loading had a maximum tensile strength of 56 MPa.
Association of eszopiclone, zaleplon, or zolpidem with complex sleep behaviors resulting in serious injuries, including death
Authors: Harbourt Kelly , Nevo Ofir N. , Zhang Rongmei , Chan Vicky , Croteau David 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeTo identify and analyze postmarketing cases of complex sleep behaviors (CSBs) resulting in serious injuries, including death, associated with eszopiclone, zaleplon, or zolpidem (Z‐drugs).MethodsRetrospective analysis of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 16 December 1992 through 27 February 2018 and medical literature using PubMed and EMBASE. We used random sampling and descriptive statistics.ResultsWe identified 66 cases that met inclusion and exclusion criteria, four of which were identified in the medical literature. Twenty cases reported death and 46 cases reported serious injuries in association with CSBs occurring after the use of a Z‐drug. Fatal cases described events, such as carbon monoxide poisoning, drowning, falls, hypothermia, motor vehicle collisions, and apparent completed suicide. Nonfatal cases resulting in serious injuries described events, such as accidental overdoses, falls, gunshot wounds, hypothermia, third‐degree burns, and self‐injuries or suicide attempts. Twenty‐two cases reported a previous episode of a CSB while taking a Z‐drug prior to the event reported in this case series.ConclusionsThe FAERS and medical literature cases support the need for increased awareness of the consequences that may occur because of CSBs associated with the use of Z‐drugs. Therefore, to protect public health, regulatory actions were taken, including adding a Boxed Warning, a Contraindication in patients who have experienced a prior episode of a CSB with a Z‐drug, and updating the existing Warnings and Precautions. An FDA Drug Safety Communication was also disseminated to alert healthcare professionals and the public of this potential risk.
High‐Performance Three‐Dimensional Li Anode Scaffold Enabled by Homogeneous Zn Nanoclusters
Authors: Xia Shuixin , Zhang Xun , Zhao Haojie , Xie Jin , Chou Lien‐Yang , Yu Yi , Liu Wei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe large‐scale implementation of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) has long been plagued by the uncontrollable Li deposition triggered safety issues. Herein, a lithiophilic three‐dimensional Li anode scaffold, which is prepared by molten Li infusion aided by confined growth of low‐cost Zn clusters, is rationally constructed for high‐performance LMBs. Owing to the synergy of the carbon host and the effective regulation from the Zn nanoclusters, the large volumetric change of Li metal is well mitigated and shows a smooth and dendrite‐free behavior. The Li anode scaffold can deliver much improved Coulombic efficiency, superior rate performance, and long cycle lifespan with much lower voltage polarization. Furthermore, the half cells of Li anode scaffold paired with LiFePO4/LiCoO2/sulfur can achieve a higher specific capacity and longer stable cycling life than those with conventional Li foil. The Li|LFP cells can achieve a stable cycling over 250 cycles at 1C with a higher capacity retention of ≈90.8%, and a higher initial discharge capacity of 924.6 mAh g−1 with a high capacity retention over 300 cycles can also be obtained in Li|S cells at 1C. This work demonstrates a cost‐effective and scalable strategy for stable Li metal anode toward next‐generation and high‐performance LMBs.
Multicriteria decision‐making taxonomy for DevOps challenging factors using analytical hierarchy process
Authors: Khan Arif Ali , Shameem Mohammad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDevelopment and operations (DevOps) practices significantly accelerate and automate the continuous delivery and deployment of software systems. However, adopting DevOps concepts is not a straightforward job. Most organizations are not able to keep pace with the rhythm of continuous delivery and deployment, which are key DevOps attributes. Despite the significance of DevOps programs, it is still unknown why software development firms are demotivated or unable to adopt them. We tried to fill this gap by investigating, prioritizing, and developing the taxonomy of the key factors that could impact the adaptation and implementation of DevOps practices. We extracted a total of 16 factors from the available literature and empirically assessed them using the survey approach. The identified factors are further classified into three core categories of the software process improvement (SPI) manifesto. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach was used to calculate the prioritization weight for each factor and present it as a taxonomy. The developed taxonomy provides a roadmap to tackle the key challenges to implementing DevOps and offers suggestions for streamlining DevOps practices.
Through veiled mirrors: Fish fins giving insight into size regulation
Authors: Harris Matthew P. , Daane Jacob M. , Lanni Jennifer 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFaithful establishment and maintenance of proportion is seen across biological systems and provides a glimpse at fundamental rules of scaling that underlie development and evolution. Dysregulation of proportion is observed in a range of human diseases and growth disorders, indicating that proper scaling is an essential component of normal anatomy and physiology. However, when viewed through an evolutionary lens, shifts in the regulation of relative proportion are one of the most striking sources of morphological diversity among organisms. To date, the mechanisms via which relative proportion is specified and maintained remain unclear. Through the application of powerful experimental, genetic and molecular approaches, the teleost fin has provided an effective model to investigate the regulation of scaling, size, and relative growth in vertebrate organisms.This article is categorized under:
Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Regulation of Size, Proportion, and Timing
Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Regeneration
Comparative Development and Evolution > Regulation of Organ Diversity
An introduction to postmortem interval estimation in medicolegal death investigations
Authors: Sutton Lerah , Byrd Jason 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThroughout the history of forensic medicine, the postmortem interval has been one of the most commonly and thoroughly investigated problems. The importance of an accurate PMI in the context of a medicolegal death investigation cannot be understated due to its utility and application toward investigative determinations including inclusion or exclusion of suspects, determination of time of assault versus time of death, and preliminary victim identification. However, despite its importance, the question of postmortem interval estimation is often answered with a low degree of accuracy as compared to the rates of certainty within other forensic disciplines. While there are various methods that may be utilized for answering the time of death question including both scientific and investigative techniques, the variables that affect the application of these methods to death investigations are abundant. As a result, there are numerous limitations associated with time of death determination in a medicolegal death investigation and the estimation of the postmortem interval must be done with caution and deference to the many variables that affect its accuracy.This article is categorized under:
Forensic Anthropology > Time Since Death Estimation
Forensic Medicine > Death Scene Investigation
Crime Scene Investigation > Education and Formation
Thinking Multidimensionally About Ambitious Educational Change
Authors: Reimers Fernando M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAs the demands for civic and economic participation increase, the result of technological, economic and social transformations, and in response to a rapidly changing world and to new challenges, many governments have turned to schools to provide students with opportunities to develop the skills necessary to thrive. This chapter traces the roots of education reforms that seek to develop a breadth of skills, to educate the whole child, reviewing the emergence of the field of comparative education as the first public education systems were created, and examining the role of the international development architecture built after world war II in advancing the global education movement. The chapter then examines the more recent efforts to develop twenty-first century skills. It then introduces the present comparative study of education reforms in Brazil, Finland, Japan, Mexico, Peru, Poland, Portugal and Russia, describing the basic tenets of each of those reforms. The chapter then examines how instruction and learning compare in these countries, using data from the latest survey of teacher practices conducted by the OECD (TALIS – The OECD teaching and learning international survey. http://www.oecd.org/education/talis/. Accessed 3 Dec 2019).The core argument of the chapter is that education reforms can be framed in five alternative ways, depending on which elements of the process of educational change they highlight: cultural, psychological, professional, institutional and political. Each of these frames is explicated and used to discuss the reforms examined in this book. The analysis shows that in practice, none of the reforms adopts a comprehensive multidimensional approach that draws from these five perspectives. Institutional and political perspectives are more common, and cultural and psychological perspective less so.
From the “Best-in-the World” Soviet School to a Modern Globally Competitive School System
Authors: Froumin Isak , Remorenko Igor 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe dramatic story of moving from knowledge-based to competence-based education is the main focus of the chapter. This transition was very difficult because many people believed that the Soviet schools were best-in-the-world, because teachers and parents were not ready to change the schools. The paradigm change in Russian education has still heterogenic impact on schools, assessment system, education policy, curricula.
What Will We Use?
Authors: Willison John 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis chapter is titled ‘What should we use?’ to achieve the educational purpose discussed in Chap. 1, and so the Models of Engaged Learning and Teaching (MELT) are offered for use and explained in detail, emphasising the shared features of the six facets of sophisticated thinking and a consideration of how much guidance students need in terms of learning autonomy. The chapter reveals the MELT features by analysing stories from primary school, high school and the account of a university graduate.
Living Safety Testbed Group
Authors: Kitamura Koji , Nishida Yoshifumi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSafety technology for everyday activities is strongly needed for children, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. However, it is difficult to understand problems related to everyday life from injury data, medical data, and so on because such data are distributed over multiple organizations and cannot easily be shared or integrated due to privacy protection concerns. To address this issue, our project is developing technologies for integrating and utilizing multi-organizational distributed big data based on security technology. The authors research school safety based on the developed technologies. In this chapter, the authors describe a trend analysis technology for time series injury data, a cliff analysis technology for extracting serious injury situation, and child behavior prediction technology as the necessary functions for finding and predicting serious injuries and evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention. We also present some analysis examples using the developed function. Furthermore, we describe some social implementation projects for injury prevention for the serious injuries found by analyzing injury data using our developed system.