bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable development through five senses of effective corporate social responsibility strategy
Authors: Al Mubarak Muneer 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to introduce a five senses concept (sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell) that enhances corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy. It sheds light on the effective CSR senses, which are required by firms for better performance and sustainable development.

Design/methodology/approach
The main approach for collecting information for discussion is the literature review focusing on topics such as CSR strategy, CSR activities, sustainability and sensemaking.

Findings
While searching the literature, little was found on sensemaking and very little was found on CSR five senses, a gap which needs to be looked at. A gap was also found between what firms do and what are expected from them to deliver to society in terms of CSR activities which puts sustainability at risk.

Practical implications
Firms are expected to improve performance when these five CSR senses are incorporated in their strategy and activities. This approach makes firms work effectively to meet different stakeholders’ needs and wants internally and externally; hence, a better satisfaction level can be achieved and sustainable development is likely to be better secured.

Originality/value
The idea of CSR senses has been neither thoroughly discussed nor sufficiently developed as a five CSR senses concept in the previous studies. This study contributes to the CSR knowledge and practice in many venues by offering a conceptual model that suggests important senses of effective CSR strategy, hence, bridging the CSR gap that might exist in strategy and practice. Therefore, researchers and practitioners are expected to benefit from this study that can result in better CSR control and sustainable development.
Personality‐driven life history trade‐offs differ in two subpopulations of free‐ranging predators
Authors: Dhellemmes Félicie , Finger Jean‐Sébastien , Smukall Matthew J. , Gruber Samuel H. , Guttridge Tristan L. , Laskowski Kate L. , Krause Jens 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Consistent individual differences in behaviour (i.e. personality) can be explained in an evolutionary context if they are favoured by life history trade‐offs as conceptualized in the pace‐of‐life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis. Theory predicts that faster‐growing individuals suffer higher mortality and that this trade‐off is mediated through exploration/risk‐taking personality, but empirical support for this remains limited and ambiguous. Equivocal support to the POLS hypothesis suggests that the link between life history and personality may only emerge under certain circumstances. Understanding personality‐driven trade‐offs would be facilitated by long‐term studies in wild populations experiencing different ecological conditions.

Here, we tested whether personality measured in semi‐captivity was associated with a growth‐mortality trade‐off via risk‐taking in the wild in two subpopulations of juvenile lemon sharks Negaprion brevirostris known to differ in their predator abundance. We expected stronger personality‐driven trade‐offs in the predator‐rich environment as compared to the predator‐poor environment.

Sharks were captured yearly from 1995 onwards allowing us to obtain long‐term data on growth and apparent survival in each subpopulation. We then used a novel open‐field assay to test sharks for exploration personality yearly from 2012 to 2017. A subset of the tested sharks was monitored in the field using telemetry to document risk‐taking behaviours. We tested (a) if fast explorers in captivity took more risks and grew faster in the wild and (b) if natural selection acted against more explorative, faster‐growing sharks.

In the subpopulation with fewer predators, more explorative sharks in captivity took more risks in the wild and grew faster. In turn, larger, fast‐growing sharks had lower apparent survival. In the predator‐rich subpopulation, despite finding selection on fast growth, we found no link between exploration personality and the growth‐mortality trade‐off.

Our study demonstrates that the association between personality and life history is favoured in some ecological contexts but not in others. We identify predator and resource abundance as two main potential drivers of the personality‐mediated trade‐off and emphasize that future work on the POLS hypothesis would benefit from an approach integrating behaviour and life history across ecological conditions.
A weak‐signal‐assisted procedure for variable selection and statistical inference with an informative subsample
Authors: Fang Fang , Zhao Jiwei , Ahmed S. Ejaz , Qu Annie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper is motivated from an HIV‐1 drug resistance study where we encounter three analytical challenges: to analyze data with an informative subsample, to take into account the weak signals, and to detect important signals and also conduct statistical inference. We start with an initial estimation method, which adopts a penalized pairwise conditional likelihood approach for variable selection. This initial estimator incorporates the informative subsample issue. To accounting for the effect of weak signals, we use a key idea of partial ridge regression. We also propose a one‐step estimation method for each of the signal coefficients and then construct confidence intervals accordingly. We apply the proposed method to the Stanford HIV‐1 drug resistance study and compare the results with existing approaches. We also conduct comprehensive simulation studies to demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method.
Multiple roles for laccase2 in butterfly wing pigmentation, scale development, and cuticle tanning
Authors: Peng Ceili L. , Mazo‐Vargas Anyi , Brack Benjamin J. , Reed Robert D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLepidopteran wing scales play important roles in a number of functions including color patterning and thermoregulation. Despite the importance of wing scales, however, we still have a limited understanding of the genetic mechanisms that underlie scale patterning, development, and coloration. Here, we explore the function of the phenoloxidase‐encoding gene laccase2 in wing and scale development in the nymphalid butterfly Vanessa cardui. Somatic deletion mosaics of laccase2 generated by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing presented several distinct mutant phenotypes. Consistent with the work in other nonlepidopteran insect groups, we observed reductions in melanin pigmentation and defects in cuticle formation. We were also surprised, however, to see distinct effects on scale development including complete loss of wing scales. This study highlights laccase2 as a gene that plays multiple roles in wing and scale development and provides new insight into the evolution of lepidopteran wing coloration.
Complications of total knee arthroplasty in patients with haemophilia compared with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: A 20‐year single‐surgeon cohort
Authors: Li Zeng , Feng Bin , Du Yan , Wang Yingjie , Bian Yanyan , Weng Xisheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionPatients with haemophilia are prone to haemophilic arthropathy (HA). For end‐stage HA, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective procedure. However, limited data were available regarding complications of TKA in HA patients.AimTo provide comprehensive comparisons of TKA complications among patients with osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or HA.MethodsThe present study was a single‐surgeon cohort study including patients who underwent TKAs for OA, HA or RA from January 1997 to December 2017. The information of patients was extracted from medical records and follow‐up database. The primary outcome was complications. Potential risk factors of complications in HA patients were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 1515 patients with 2083 TKAs were selected following the criteria. The overall complication rate in the HA group was 21.79%, which was much higher than the OA or RA group (7.08% and 8.70%, respectively, P < .05). The dominate complications were prosthetic loosening and wound dehiscence. For HA, more complications occurred in the period more than 1 year after TKA when compared with OA (33.33% vs 11.43%, P = .028). Among the potential risk factors, patients with haemophilia B and severe haemophilia had significantly higher complication rates (P < .05 for both).ConclusionWhen compared with OA or RA, HA patients had different characteristics on complications, including the higher complication rate, different complication distribution and later occurring time. In HA patients who underwent TKA, haemophilia B and severe haemophilia were risk factors of complications which should be paid more attention to.
Outcome of patients with acute liver failure awaiting liver transplantation in Japan
Authors: Genda Takuya , Ichida Takafumi , Sakisaka Shotaro , Tanaka Eiji , Mochida Satoshi , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Inui Ayano , Egawa Hiroto , Umeshita Koji , Furukawa Hiroyuki , Kawasaki Seiji , Inomata Yukihiro 
Published: July 2020

AimTo clarify the outcome and predictive factors in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) awaiting deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) in Japan.MethodsOf the DDLT candidates in Japan between 2007 and 2016, 264 adult patients with ALF were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Factors associated with DDLT and waiting‐list mortality were assessed using the Cox proportional hazard model. The DDLT and transplant‐free survival probabilities were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log–rank test.ResultsThe waiting‐list registration year after the Transplant Law revision in 2010 was a significant factor associated with DDLT. The adjusted hazard ratio indicated that DDLT probability after 2010 was four times higher than that before, and the 28‐day cumulative DDLT probability was more than 35%. The median survival time of the entire cohort was 40 days. Multivariate analysis identified the following three factors associated with waiting‐list mortality: age, coma grade, and international normalized ratio. The transplant‐free survival probabilities were significantly stratified by the number of risks, and patients with all three risks showed extremely poor short‐term prognosis (median survival time = 23 days).ConclusionsThe DDLT probability of ALF patients increased after the law revision in 2010; however, patients at high risk of short‐term waiting‐list mortality might need emergent living donor transplantation.
Examining the interdependence of parent‐child dyads: Effects on weight loss and maintenance
Authors: Fowler Lauren A. , Grammer Anne Claire , Ray Mary Katherine , Balantekin Katherine N. , Stein Richard I. , Kolko Conlon Rachel P. , Welch R. Robinson , Perri Michael G. , Epstein Leonard H. , Wilfley Denise E. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryBackgroundThis study aimed to further elucidate correlated weight changes in parent‐child dyads enrolled in family‐based treatment (FBT) by modeling the interdependence of weight changes during treatment.MethodsParent‐child dyads (n = 172) with overweight/obesity (child mean zBMI = 2.16 ± 0.39; parent mean BMI = 37.9 ± 9.4 kg/m2) completed 4 months of FBT and were randomized to one of three 8‐month maintenance interventions (Social Facilitation Maintenance [SFM]‐high dose, SFM‐low dose or control). Weight/height was measured at 0, 4 and 12 months. Structural equation models simultaneously estimated the effect that an individual had on their own (actor effect) and on one another's (partner effect) weight‐status across time using the actor‐partner interdependence model.ResultsActor paths were significant over time for parent and child. Partner paths were significant for child zBMI predicting parent BMI at 4 and 12 months. Maintenance condition moderated actor/partner paths in the model.ConclusionsChild weight change may motivate parents to make environmental and behavioural changes that impact their own weight. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00759746.
Powered by “Qinghuai”: The melding of traditional values and digital entrepreneurship in contemporary China
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Tan Barney , Leong Carmen , Tan Felix Ter Chian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBased on three case studies of Chinese Internet start‐ups, this study seeks to address the research question: “How is digital entrepreneurship enacted in China?” Our findings reveal that there was a common theme that underpinned the start‐ups we studied, which we termed ‘Qinghuai’ in the language of the informants we spoke with. In this paper, we explain the roots of the concept and its six constituent elements at the individual, organizational, and ecosystem levels. These elements are then abstracted into two dimensions: (a) spiritual idealism and (b) perpetual development. We argue that Qinghuai as a concept is a product and reflection of the cultural and institutional complexity of contemporary China. Further, we discuss how Qinghuai facilitates digital entrepreneurship across the business, organizational, and technological domains. This explanation is substantiated by data from our three cases and juxtaposed with what has been discussed in the existing digital entrepreneurship literature. Finally, as we present the contributions of our study, we elaborate on (a) how Qinghuai reflects the contemporary context of China; (b) how Qinghuai is instrumental to digital entrepreneurship in China; and (c) how Qinghuai is different from other related concepts including Guanxi, collectivism, collective action and social entrepreneurship. We conclude the paper by discussing its limitations, future research opportunities, as well as its practical implications.
Effect of different diets on the growth and development of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas)
Authors: Chen Peng , Liu Jin , Chi Baojie , Li Dongchao , Li Jianying , Liu Yongjie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHarmonia axyridis (Pallas) is an important natural enemy of crop pests. Feeding H. axyridis through artificial diets (ADs) is an important means to achieve large‐scale production. In this study, the effects of different diets on the growth, development and reproduction of H. axyridis were comprehensively evaluated, and the reasons for the reduced reproductive capacity of H. axyridis fed ADs were preliminarily explored. Artificial diets were prepared using pig liver and pork as the main ingredients. Larval duration, larval survival rate, egg production and other traits were comprehensively evaluated. Harmonia axyridis fed ADs during both the larval and adult periods completed growth and development from larva to adult but had a prolonged development duration (6.13‐day extension) and reduced survival rate (15.3% reduction) in the larval stage. In addition, adults could not lay eggs. Next, individuals of H. axyridis were fed Megoura japonica (Matsumura) in the larval stage and an AD, adequate aphids (AA) or an artificial diet plus 5 (AD5), 10 (AD10) or 25 (AD25) aphids in the adult stage. The adults in the AD group produced a small number of eggs (103.3 eggs). When aphids were added to the diet, egg production gradually increased with the number of aphids added. The AD25 group exhibited no significant difference in egg production compared with that in the AA group (983.8 eggs and 1,158.3 eggs, respectively). Anatomical observations of the H. axyridis adults in these five groups revealed that ovary development was slowest in the AD group. In addition, we found that the levels of vitellogenin and juvenile hormone were significantly lower in the AD group than in the AA group. These results provide a foundation for formulating ADs for H. axyridis and improving the large‐scale reproduction of this species.
Carboniferous eclogite and garnet–omphacite granulite from northeastern Hainan Island, South China: Implications for the evolution of the eastern Palaeo‐Tethys
Authors: Liu Xiaochun , Chen Yi , Wang Wei‐(RZ) , Xia Mengmeng , Hu Juan , Li Yibing , Hu Daogong , Song Biao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHigh‐P (HP) eclogite and associated garnet–omphacite granulite have recently been discovered in the Mulantou area, northeastern Hainan Island, South China. These rocks consist mainly of garnet, omphacite, hornblende, quartz and rutile/ilmenite, with or without zoisite and plagioclase. Textural relationships, mineral compositions and thermobarometric calculations demonstrate that the eclogite and garnet–omphacite granulite share the same three‐stage metamorphic evolution, with prograde, peak and retrograde P−T conditions of 620–680°C and 8.7–11.1 kbar, 820–860°C and 17.0–18.2 kbar, and 700–730°C and 7.1–8.5 kbar respectively. Sensitive high‐resolution ion microprobe U–Pb zircon dating, coupled with the identification of mineral inclusions in zircon, reveals the formation of mafic protoliths before 355 Ma, prograde metamorphism at c. 340–330 Ma, peak to retrograde metamorphism at c. 310–300 Ma, and subsequent pegmatite intrusion at 295 Ma. Trace element geochemistry shows that most of the rocks have a MORB affinity, with initial εNd values of +2.4 to +6.7. As with similar transitional eclogite–HP granulite facies rocks in the thickened root in the European Variscan orogen, the occurrence of relatively high P−T metamorphic rocks of oceanic origin in northeastern Hainan Island suggests Carboniferous oceanic subduction leading to collision of the Hainan continental block, or at least part of it, with the South China Block in the eastern Palaeo‐Tethyan tectonic domain.
Phylogenetic relationships and the maternal donor ofRoegneria(Triticeae: Poaceae) based on three nuclear DNA sequences (ITS,Acc1, andPgk1) and one chloroplast region (trnL‐F)
Authors: Lei Ying‐Xia , Fan Xing , Sha Li‐Na , Wang Yi , Kang Hou‐Yang , Zhou Yong‐Hong , Zhang Hai‐Qin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRoegneriais a polyploid perennial genus in the tribe Triticeae. Some species ofRoegneriaare morphologically similar to genusElymusand have been classified inElymus. To investigate the delimitation and phylogenetic relationships ofRoegneria, nuclear (ITS,Acc1, andPgk1) and chloroplast (trnL–trnF) DNA regions were sequenced for 38 allopolyploid species and 32 diploid species of Triticeae. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear DNA revealed that allRoegneriaspecies were included in the St and Y genome clades, and that the Y genome was closely related to the V and Xp genomes. The chloroplast DNA dataset showed thatRoegneriaspecies were grouped withPseudoroegneriaspecies. ThePseudoroegneriaspecies from the Middle East (P. libanoticaandP. tauri) and Central Asia (P. strigosa) were more closely related toRoegneriaspecies. The results suggested that: (i) the species containing the St and Y genomes should be segregated fromElymusand treated as a distinct genus,Roegneria, based on the genomic constitution; (ii)P. libanotica, P. tauri, and/orP. strigosapotentially served as the maternal donor of the St genome inRoegneria; (iii) The Y genome ofRoegneriaoriginated from a diploid Y genome species, and the V and Xp genomes may have contributed to Y genome formation; (iv) amongRoegneriaspecies of previously uncertain genomic constitution,R. seriotinawas tetraploid and possessed the StY genomes,E. calcicoluswas hexaploid with the StYH genomic constitution and should be classified inCampeiostachys, R. glaucifoliapossessed the StStY genomes, andR. tschimganicahad the genomic constitution St1St2Y.
The effects of oil price shocks on the macroeconomy: economic growth and unemployment in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almutairi Najla 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn contrast to the majority of studies which focus primarily on oil‐importing countries in describing the mechanism by which oil price shocks affect economic activities, this study focuses on oil‐exporting countries. Saudi Arabia is taken as a key example in considering two macroeconomic variables: economic growth and unemployment. This study examines changes in these variables in terms of the effects of two types of disturbances: demand and supply, following Blanchard and Quah’s (American Economic Review1989; 79: 655) approach. The findings of impulse response analysis and variance decomposition indicate that oil price shocks play a key role in the fluctuations in economic growth and unemployment in the Saudi economy.
Pediatric length‐of‐stay index following liver transplantation
Authors: Zhang Theodore , Barrett Spencer , Cotton Ronald , Galvan Nhu Thao Nguyen , O'Mahony Christine , Moore Vierling John , Goss John A. , Rana Abbas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPELD scores are used to reduce waitlist mortality, but they do not accurately predict likelihood of prolonged length‐of‐stay or higher costs associated with it. This study aims to create a pediatric length‐of‐stay (LOS) index to predict increased risk of prolonged stay following liver transplantation.MethodsThe scoring system generated predicts length‐of‐stay following pediatric liver transplantation. With univariate and multivariate analyses on data from 5669 pediatric liver transplant recipients, independent recipient/donor risk factors for prolonged stay (>30 days) were identified. Multiple imputations accounted for missing variables.ResultsThe most significant factors were ICU admission (OR 2.92, CI 2.27‐3.75), recipient bilirubin >32 (OR 2.35, CI 1.70‐3.25), and hemodialysis 1 week before transplantation (OR 2.27, CI 1.57‐3.27). The LOS index assigns weighted scoring points to factors to predict prolonged stay (C‐statistic of .72). The index demonstrated discrimination across the population after dividing it into quartiles for prolonged stay.ConclusionsThe pediatric LOS index, utilizing 13 donor/recipient factors, can assess the risk for pediatric liver transplantation prolonged stay. Important predictive factors are hemodialysis, ICU admission, recipient weight and bilirubin, and recipient life support status.
Examination of potential disparities in suicide risk identification and follow‐up care within the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Carter Sarah P. , Malte Carol A. , Rojas Sasha M. , Hawkins Eric J. , Reger Mark A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo improve the identification and intervention of suicide risk, the Veterans Health Administration implemented the use of electronic patient record flags (PRF) to indicate when a veteran is identified as high risk for suicide and to increase the clinical contacts made with the veteran. The current study utilized an intersectional approach to assess potential disparities in the likelihood of receiving a PRF and the likelihood of receiving post‐PRF follow‐up care among veterans with substance use disorders (SUDs). Among 458,092 veterans who received a SUD diagnosis in 2012, Black veterans were less likely to receive a PRF, although Black‐disabled veterans and Black‐female veterans were more likely to receive a PRF. Homelessness was related to greater likelihood of receiving a PRF and post‐PRF care. Hispanic/Latinx veterans who experienced homelessness were more likely to receive post‐PRF care, while disabled veterans who experienced homelessness were less likely. Hispanic/Latinx, female veterans, and Black‐disabled veterans were significantly less likely to receive post‐PRF care. Overall, few marginalized or intersecting identities were associated with decreased PRF or decreased follow‐up care. There are opportunities for specific strategies that promote engagement in VA follow‐up services for veterans identifying as Hispanic/Latinx women, disabled Black veterans, and disabled homeless veterans.