bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Testosterone on Serum Concentrations, Fat-free Mass, and Physical Performance by Population: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Varanoske Alyssa N , Margolis Lee M , Pasiakos Stefan M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Testosterone (T) administration (TA) increases serum T and fat-free mass (FFM). Although TA-mediated increases in FFM may enhance physical performance, the data are largely equivocal, which may be due to differences in study populations, the magnitude of change in serum T and FFM, or the performance metrics. This meta-analysis explored effects of TA on serum T, FFM, and performance. Associations between increases in serum T and FFM were assessed, and whether changes in serum T or FFM, study population, or the performance metrics affected performance was determined. A systematic review of double-blind randomized trials comparing TA versus placebo on serum T, FFM, and performance was performed. Data were extracted from 20 manuscripts. Effect sizes (ESs) were assessed using Hedge’s g and a random effects model. Data are presented as ES (95% confidence interval). No significant correlation between changes in serum T and FFM was observed (P = .167). Greater increases in serum T, but not FFM, resulted in larger effects on performance. Larger increases in testosterone (7.26 [0.76-13.75]) and FFM (0.80 [0.20-1.41]) were observed in young males, but performance only improved in diseased (0.16 [0.05-0.28]) and older males (0.19 [0.10-0.29]). TA increased lower body (0.12 [0.07-0.18]), upper body (0.26 [0.11-0.40]), and handgrip (0.13 [0.04-0.22]) strength, lower body muscular endurance (0.38 [0.09-0.68]), and functional performance (0.20 [0.00-0.41]), but not lower body power or aerobic endurance. TA elicits increases in serum T and FFM in younger, older, and diseased males; however, the performance-enhancing effects of TA across studies were small, observed mostly in muscular strength and endurance, and only in older and diseased males.
Mechanisms of heart valve development and disease
Authors: O'Donnell Anna , Yutzey Katherine E. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The valves of the heart are crucial for ensuring that blood flows in one direction from the heart, through the lungs and back to the rest of the body. Heart valve development is regulated by complex interactions between different cardiac cell types and is subject to blood flow-driven forces. Recent work has begun to elucidate the important roles of developmental pathways, valve cell heterogeneity and hemodynamics in determining the structure and function of developing valves. Furthermore, this work has revealed that many key genetic pathways involved in cardiac valve development are also implicated in diseased valves. Here, we review recent discoveries that have furthered our understanding of the molecular, cellular and mechanosensitive mechanisms of valve development, and highlight new insights into congenital and acquired valve disease.
Oocytes and hypoxanthine orchestrate the G2-M switch mechanism in ovarian granulosa cells
Authors: Li Chengyu , Meng Xueqin , Liu Shuo , Li Weijian , Zhang Xue , Zhou Jilong , Yao Wang , Dong Chao , Liu Zhaojun , Zhou Jiaqi , Li Juan , Tao Jingli , Wu Wangjun , Shen Ming , Liu Honglin 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
In mammalian growing follicles, oocytes are arrested at the diplotene stage (which resembles the G2/M boundary in mitosis), while the granulosa cells (GCs) continue to proliferate during follicular development, reflecting a cell cycle asynchrony between oocytes and GCs. Hypoxanthine (Hx), a purine present in the follicular fluid, has been shown to induce oocytes meiotic arrest, although its role in GC proliferation remains ill-defined. Here, we demonstrate that Hx indiscriminately prevents G2-to-M phase transition in porcine GCs. However, oocyte-derived paracrine factors (ODPFs), particularly GDF9 and BMP15, maintain the proliferation of GCs, partly by activating the ERK1/2 signaling and enabling the G2/M transition that is suppressed by Hx. Interestingly, GCs with lower expression of GDF9/BMP15 receptors appear to be more sensitive to Hx-induced G2/M arrest and become easily detached from the follicular wall. Importantly, Hx-mediated inhibition of G2/M progression instigates GC apoptosis, which is ameliorated in the presence of GDF9 and/or BMP15. Therefore, our data indicate that the counterbalance of intrafollicular factors, particularly Hx and oocyte-derived GDF9/BMP15, fine-tunes the development of porcine follicles by regulating the cell cycle progression of GCs.
Circulating exosomal microRNAs as potential biomarkers of hepatic injury and inflammation in a murine model of glycogen storage disease type 1a
Authors: Resaz Roberta , Cangelosi Davide , Morini Martina , Segalerba Daniela , Mastracci Luca , Grillo Federica , Bosco Maria Carla , Bottino Cristina , Colombo Irma , Eva Alessandra 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Most patients affected by glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD1a), an inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase-α (G6Pase-α), develop renal and liver complications, including the development of hepatocellular adenoma/carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to identify potential biomarkers of the pathophysiology of the GSD1a-affected liver. To this end, we used the plasma exosomes of a murine model of GSD1a, the LS-G6pc−/− mouse, to uncover the modulation in microRNA expression associated with the disease. The microRNAs differentially expressed between LS-G6pc−/− and wild-type mice, LS-G6pc−/− mice with hepatocellular adenoma and LS-G6pc−/− mice without adenoma, and LS-G6pc−/− mice with amyloidosis and LS-G6pc−/− mice without amyloidosis were identified. Pathway analysis demonstrated that the target genes of the differentially expressed microRNA were significantly enriched for the insulin signaling pathway, glucose and lipid metabolism, Wnt/β-catenin, telomere maintenance and hepatocellular carcinoma, and chemokine and immune regulation signaling pathways. Although some microRNAs were common to the different pathologic conditions, others were unique to the cancerous or inflammatory status of the animals. Therefore, the altered expression of several microRNAs is correlated with various pathologic liver states and might help to distinguish them during the progression of the disease and the development of late GSD1a-associated complications.
miR-206 enforces a slow muscle phenotype
Authors: Bjorkman Kristen K. , Guess Martin G. , Harrison Brooke C. , Polmear Michael M. , Peter Angela K. , Leinwand Leslie A. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Striated muscle is a highly specialized collection of tissues with contractile properties that vary according to functional needs. Although muscle fiber types are established postnatally, lifelong plasticity facilitates stimulus-dependent adaptation. Functional adaptation requires molecular adaptation, which is partially provided by miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation. miR-206 is a muscle-specific miRNA enriched in slow muscles. We investigated whether miR-206 drives the slow muscle phenotype or is merely an outcome. We found that miR-206 expression increases in both physiological (including female sex and endurance exercise) and pathological conditions (muscular dystrophy and adrenergic agonism) that promote a slow phenotype. Consistent with that observation, the slow soleus muscle of male miR-206-knockout mice displays a faster phenotype than wild-type mice. Moreover, left ventricles of male miR-206 knockout mice have a faster myosin profile, accompanied by dilation and systolic dysfunction. Thus, miR-206 appears to be necessary to enforce a slow skeletal and cardiac muscle phenotype and to play a key role in muscle sexual dimorphisms.
The association of socio-demographic and environmental factors on childhood diarrhea in Cambodia
Authors: Pisey Vong , Banchonhattakit Pannee 
Published: July 2020

Background: Diarrhea is still the leading cause of childhood death worldwide, as well as a major cause for concern in developing countries. This study was conducted to investigate the factors related to childhood diarrhea in Cambodia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the secondary data from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2014 was conducted using the combination of household data and children’s data. A generalized linear mixed model was used to analyze the determinant factors of childhood diarrhea. Results: The surveys included 2,828 children, aged 12 to 35 months. The prevalence of diarrhea in the last 2 weeks was 16.44% (95% CI: 14.72%-18.31%). Factors with statistically significant associations with childhood diarrhea in Cambodia were: maternal unemployment, compared with being in employment (AOR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14-1.78); the child being male (AOR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.02-1.53); the presence of unimproved toilet facilities (AOR = 1.17; 95%CI: 1.05-1.31) compared with improved toilet facilities; and unhygienic disposal of children’s stools (AOR = 1.32; 95%CI: 1.06-1.64) compared with hygienic disposal of children’s stools when controlling for other covariates. Both maternal age (one year older; AOR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.78– 0.93) and child age (one month older; AOR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.78-0.94) had significant negative associations with the occurrence of childhood diarrhea. Conclusion: Childhood diarrhea remains a public health concern in Cambodia. The probability of diarrhea occurring is shown to be increased by maternal unemployment, the sex of the child being male, lack of provision of improved toilet facilities, and the unhygienic disposal of children’s stools; whereas increasing maternal age and child’s age were associated with a reduced chance of diarrhea occurring. On the basis of these results, we recommend provision of programs focusing on reducing diarrhea through the construction of improved toilet facilities and the promotion of behavior to improve hygiene, specifically targeting younger mothers.
Healthcare resource utilisation and mortality outcomes in international migrants to the UK: analysis protocol for a linked population-based cohort study using Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and the Office for National Statistics (ONS)
Authors: Pathak Neha , Patel Parth , Burns Rachel , Haim Lucinda , Zhang Claire X. , Boukari Yamina , Gonzales-Izquierdo Arturo , Mathur Rohini , Minassian Caroline , Pitman Alexandra , Denaxas Spiros , Hemingway Harry , Hayward Andrew , Sonnenberg Pam , Aldridge Robert W. 
Published: July 2020

An estimated 14.2% (9.34 million people) of people living in the UK in 2019 were international migrants. Despite this, there are no large-scale national studies of their healthcare resource utilisation and little is known about how migrants access and use healthcare services. One ongoing study of migration health in the UK, the Million Migrants study, links electronic health records (EHRs) from hospital-based data, national death records and Public Health England migrant and refugee data. However, the Million Migrants study cannot provide a complete picture of migration health resource utilisation as it lacks data on migrants from Europe and utilisation of primary care for all international migrants. Our study seeks to address this limitation by using primary care EHR data linked to hospital-based EHRs and national death records. Our study is split into a feasibility study and a main study. The feasibility study will assess the validity of a migration phenotype, a transparent reproducible algorithm using clinical terminology codes to determine migration status in Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), the largest UK primary care EHR. If the migration phenotype is found to be valid, the main study will involve using the phenotype in the linked dataset to describe primary care and hospital-based healthcare resource utilisation and mortality in migrants compared to non-migrants. All outcomes will be explored according to sub-conditions identified as research priorities through patient and public involvement, including preventable causes of inpatient admission, sexual and reproductive health conditions/interventions and mental health conditions. The results will generate evidence to inform policies that aim to improve migration health and universal health coverage.
Effect of Mg/Al molar ratio on the basicity of Mg-Al mixed oxide derived from Mg-Al hydrotalcite
Authors: Arhzaf Said , Naciri Bennani Mohammed , Abouarnadasse Sadik , Ziyat Hamid , Qabaqous Omar 
Published: July 2020

<p>The fundamental character of the Mg-Al mixed oxide (Mg<sub>n</sub>(Al)O), derived from the Mg-Al hydrotalcite (Mg<sub>n</sub>Al-CO<sub>3</sub>-HT), where n corresponds to the Mg/Al molar ratio (n: 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4), was studied by using the adsorption of phenol as a probe acid molecule. The hydrotalcite precursors were prepared by the coprecipitation method. Their derived mixed oxides were obtained by thermal treatment at 450°C in a flow of air. The resulting solids were characterized by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), nitrogen physisorption (BET) and phenol chemisorption. The phenol adsorption followed by UV-Visible spectrophotometry shows that the basicity increases with the Mg/Al molar ratio, such that maximum quantity of phenol adsorbed (Q<sub>ads</sub> = 0.54 mmol/g <sub>cat</sub>) was obtained with the mixed oxide derived from the Mg-Al hydrotalcite of Mg/Al molar ratio equal to 3.5.</p>
Influencia de las estaciones del año en la composición y la calidad sanitaria de leche bovina del Valle de Lerma, Salta
Authors: MARTINEZ Gabriela M. , CARABAJAL Rebeca L. , MARTÍNEZ F , SUAREZ Víctor H. 
Published: July 2020

Con el objetivo de conocer la influencia de las estaciones del año respecto de la composición y la calidad sanitaria de leche bovina de la cuenca del Valle de Lerma se llevó adelante el análisis de las muestras de leche remitidas por la industria al Laboratorio de Leche de la Universidad Nacional de Salta durante la primavera (Pr, n:104), el verano (Ve, n:131) y el invierno (In, n: 118) de los años 2017 y 2019. Se determinó el porcentaje de grasa (% G) y de proteína (% P), el punto de descenso crioscópico (DC) y el recuento de células somáticas/ml (RCS/ml). El análisis estadístico se realizó utilizando el programa InfoStat 2019p. El modelo respondió a un DCA. El % G y P fueron analizados mediante ANOVA. Mientras que para DC y RCS se utilizó ANOVA no paramétrico de Kruskal Wallis. La comparación entre medias fue a través del Test de Tukey (p<0,05). El % G resultó de acuerdo a los estándares establecidos por la legislación argentina en todas las estaciones del año, aunque el valor en el In fue inferior al de Ve (3,49 vs 3,64, p=0,0009). El % P resultó similar en las 3 estaciones, pero por debajo de los estándares nacionales (In: 3,24, Pr 3,26, Ve: 3,26). El DC (°C) si bien fue inferior al máximo adecuado difirió entre el In (-0,522) y la Pr (-0,519) y el Ve (-0,518) (p=0,0023). El RCS en el In y la Pr fue similar (264000 vs. 228000 cel/ml, respectivamente); mientras que en el Ve resultó superior (p=0,0012) mostrando valores promedio mayores (430000 cel/ml) al límite establecido por los estándares nacionales. Al comparar los resultados obtenidos con los estándares de composición química y sanitaria de referencia en Argentina se observa que, salvo los niveles de proteína y el RCS durante el verano, el resto de los parámetros se encuentran conforme a lo establecido en la legislación nacional.
ORGANIZATIONAL OPTIMIZATION THROUGH THE DOUBLE DIAMOND - APPLYING INTERDISCIPLINARITY
Authors: Caulliraux Adriano Amaral , Bastos Delton Pedroso , Araujo Robson , Costa Stella Reis 
Published: July 2020

Goal: This article reports a project carried out by the company Respondit that had as its main objective the optimization of the organizational processes of the law firm BastosJuris. As a research question, we highlight: “Will the communion between Design Thinking, Lean Thinking and Process Management generate good project results?”.
Design / Methodology / Approach: The methodology used was composed by Design Thinking, Process Engineering and Lean. The engagement with employees through prototyping and co-creation, focusing on productivity improvement and error elimination, seeking process optimization and implementation of a management model through continuous improvement, illustrates only one of the possible trajectories arising from mixed methodologies. In this case, "orchestrated" by the double diamond.
Results: The project described had an ROI of 815% during its execution and fostered several new initiatives for those involved.
Limitations of the investigation: As there is no similar research in the literature to compare with, it is not possible to induce success based in other initiatives.
Practical implications: The research shows practical results of the effectiveness of the methodology used in the interdisciplinary context. We seek to promote and encourage the development of similar new researches that take interdisciplinarity as a guide for organizational success.
Originality / Value: With regard to the academic contributions, the present study carried out the empirically and holistically variables linked to sustainable management practices, innovation, strategy and their consequent elements, in convergence with the research agenda of the management field, which focuses on results for individuals (employees) and organizations.
Review Consensus Effects on e-Wom and Consumer Goods e-Purchase Satisfaction: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: CUONG Pham Hung 
Published: July 2020

The reviews of the consumers who are shopping online is playing very important role in shaping the intentions of the purchase of others. The digital platforms are increasing day by day which are giving the opportunity to the customers to share and express their views, comments and ideas, and at the same time it is establishing a powerful tool of marketing which is known as electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) which has become an important source to collect the details about any product for the consumers. Review consensus gives comprehensiveness to e-WOM. Single or limited reviews fail to give a complete picture to the e-WOM, hence to enable customers to make an appropriate decision multiple number of reviews with similarity among them are required.
In the present, study a sample of 328 online customers has been considered through a structured questionnaire designed on five-point interval scale. Mean score and Multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The data analysis has been done with help of SPSS 20.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Through this study it is found that most of the aspects of review consensus have positive impact on e-WOM and E-Purchase Satisfaction for consumer goods.
The Effect of the Relationship of Growth Return and Market Value on the Relationship of Liquidity and Company Value Growth
Authors: OGAILI Sabah Hasan 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the research was to demonstrate the relationship between growth the return and the market value as two intermediate variables by comparing its relationship with liquidity and growth the value of the company. A set of financial ratios for the sample banks was used for the quantitative analysis using SPSS statistical analysis software to validate these hypotheses. The study included an elected sample gathered from some Iraqi private banks for the period (2013 – 2017), and demonstrated strong correlations between liquidity as an independent variable versus growth the return and the market stock price. This is achieved by understanding the effects of growth the value of the company and the impact relationship of growth the return and the market stock prick as two intermediate variables in the relationship between liquidity and growth the value of the company. Unlike previous publish articles which were limited to studying and testing the effect and relationship of one or two variables, this research explains the relationship between two intermediate variables influencing the relationship of other two variables.
Assessing Factors of Small Business Development in Subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors: SHAMALOVA Elena , KOSTROMIN Elena , POLYAKOV Anton Evgenievich , NOVIKOVA Veronika Sergeevna , MUKHOV Alexander 
Published: July 2020

This study is dedicated to assessing the factors of entrepreneurship that contribute or impede the development of small business in the regions.
The study aims at displaying the factors of entrepreneurship in Russia through statistical indicators and determining their impact on the development of small enterprises in the regions with different conditions and development.
At the first stage of the study, two groups of regions with the most favorable and unfavorable conditions for the development of small business were identified by using the multivariate comparative analysis.
At the second stage, the entrepreneurship factors in the form of statistical indicators were divided into four groups: political, economic, socio-cultural, and technological-innovative. Using the correlation analysis, the factors that had the strongest impact on the development of small business in the regions were determined. These factors were compared to the results of monitoring the entrepreneurship in world countries and Russia. The difference between the results of the statistical analysis and the results of the entrepreneurs’ surveys has been revealed.
During the study it has been determined that depending on a region and its development, one and the same factor of entrepreneurship can influence small businesses in different ways.
It has also been substantiated that it is impossible to correctly compile a general list of entrepreneurship factors for the Russian regions. It is necessary to monitor the opinions of entrepreneurs and carry out the statistical analysis of factors for each group of regions that are similar in their development.
The conclusions of the study can be used as theoretical basis for studying the problems of developing small business in the regions.
Forming an Anti-Corruption Culture of Law Enforcement Agencies: National and International Experience
Authors: SITNIKOV Pavel Vladimirovich , IBRAYEVA Alua Salamatovna , ALDABERGENOV Azamat Tynyshtykbayevich , BAIKENZHEYEV Akhylbek S. , IBRAYEV Nurlan   Salamatovich 
Published: July 2020

This article is concerned with the specific formation of an anti-corruption culture in the law enforcement system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To this date, the country has formed a large base of legal acts regulating the fight against corruption but their effectiveness raises questions.
In this context, it is necessary to use preventive measures both in society as a whole and in the field of public administration, including law enforcement agencies. One such measure is the formation of an anti-corruption culture. This study aims at analyzing global directions and approaches to the formation of an anti-corruption culture among law enforcement employees. The authors of the article consider the world experience of an anti-corruption struggle and the most efficient models of forming an anti-corruption culture in the sphere of law enforcement.
The authors have proved that the anti-corruption culture of law enforcement agencies differs from that of other society members and revealed its specific features. The necessary condition for their effective neutralization is not only legal education but also the promotion of moral and ethical standards.
According to the authors, this goal can be achieved through anti-corruption education that fosters a culture of involvement and consciousness, a clear rejection of corruption and the popularization of anti-corruption standards. In the course of the study, they highlight the main components of an anti-corruption culture among law enforcement employees and conclude on the further efforts scholars and lawmakers should make to develop a common worldview, scientific and legal concept of the fight against corruption.