bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Completing the Census of AGN in GOODS-S/HUDF: New Ultradeep Radio Imaging and Predictions for JWST
Authors: Alberts Stacey , Rujopakarn Wiphu , Rieke George H. , Jagannathan Preshanth , Nyland Kristina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A global understanding of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their host galaxies hinges on completing a census of AGN activity without selection biases down to the low-luminosity regime. Toward that goal, we identify AGN within faint radio populations at cosmic noon selected from new ultradeep, high-resolution imaging from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array at 6 and 3 GHz. These radio data are spatially coincident with the ultradeep legacy surveys in the GOODS-S/HUDF region, particularly the unparalleled Chandra 7 Ms X-ray imaging. Combined, these data sets provide a unique basis for a thorough census of AGN, allowing simultaneous identification via (1) high X-ray luminosity, (2) hard X-ray spectra, (3) excess X-ray relative to 6 GHz, (4) mid-IR colors, (5) SED fitting, (6) radio excess via the radio–infrared relation, (7) flat radio spectra via multiband radio, and (8) optical spectroscopy. We uncover AGN in fully half our faint radio sample, indicating a source density of one AGN arcmin−2, with a similar number of radio-undetected AGN identified via X-ray over the same area. Our radio-detected AGN are majority radio-quiet, with radio emission consistent with being powered predominantly by star formation. Nevertheless, we find AGN radio signatures in our sample: ∼12% with radio excess indicating radio-loud activity, and ∼16% of radio-quiet AGN candidates with flat or inverted radio spectra. The latter is a lower limit, pending our upcoming deeper 3 GHz survey. Finally, despite these extensive data sets, this work is likely still missing heavily obscured AGN. We discuss in detail this elusive population and the prospects for completing our AGN census with James Webb Space Telescope/MIRI.
Discovery of 18 Stars with −3.10 < [Fe/H] < −1.45 in the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy*
Authors: Chiti Anirudh , Hansen Kylie Y. , Frebel Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Studies of the early chemical evolution of some larger dwarf galaxies (>107
M
⊙) are limited by the small number of stars known at low metallicities in these systems. Here we present metallicities and carbon abundances for eighteen stars with metallicities between −3.08 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ −1.47 in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy, using medium-resolution spectra from the MagE spectrograph on the Magellan–Baade Telescope. This sample more than doubles the number of known very metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] ≤ −2.0) in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, and identifies one of the first known extremely metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] ≤ −3.0) in the system. These stars were identified as likely metal-poor members of Sagittarius using public, metallicity-sensitive photometry from SkyMapper DR1.1 and proper motion data from Gaia DR2, demonstrating that this dearth of metal-poor stars in some dwarf galaxies can be addressed with targeted searches using public data. We find that none of the stars in our sample are enhanced in carbon, in contrast to the relative prevalence of such stars in the Milky Way halo. Subsequent high-resolution spectroscopy of these stars would be key in detailing the early chemical evolution of the system.
Probing Magnetic Field Morphology in Galaxy Clusters with the Gradient Technique
Authors: Hu Yue , Lazarian A. , Li Yuan , Zhuravleva Irina , Gendron-Marsolais Marie-Lou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Magnetic fields in the intracluster medium affect the structure and the evolution of galaxy clusters. However, their properties are largely unknown, and measuring magnetic fields in galaxy clusters is challenging, especially on large scales outside of individual radio sources. In this work, we probe the plane-of-the-sky orientation of magnetic fields in clusters using the intensity gradients. The technique is a branch of the gradient technique (GT) that employs emission intensity maps from turbulent gas. We utilize Chandra X-ray images of the Perseus, M87, Coma, and A2597 galaxy clusters, and the VLA radio observations of the synchrotron emission from Perseus. We find that the fields predominantly follow the sloshing arms in Perseus, which is in agreement with numerical simulations. The GT-predicted magnetic field shows signatures of magnetic draping around rising bubbles driven by supermassive black hole feedback in the centers of cool-core clusters, as well as draping around substructures merging with the Coma cluster. We calculate the mean-field orientation with respect to the radial direction in these clusters. In the central regions of cool-core clusters, the mean orientation of the magnetic fields is preferentially azimuthal. There is broad agreement between the magnetic field of Perseus predicted using the X-ray and radio data. Further numerical studies and better future observations with higher resolution and larger effective area will help reduce the uncertainties of this method.
A Catalog of 406 AGNs in MaNGA: A Connection between Radio-mode AGNs and Star Formation Quenching
Authors: Comerford Julia M. , Negus James , Müller-Sánchez Francisco , Eracleous Michael , Wylezalek Dominika , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Greene Jenny E. , Barrows R. Scott , Nevin Rebecca , Roy Namrata , Stemo Aaron 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Accurate active galactic nucleus (AGN) identifications and spatially resolved host galaxy properties are a powerful combination for studies of the role of AGNs and AGN feedback in the coevolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes. Here, we present robust identifications of 406 AGNs in the first 6261 galaxies observed by the integral field spectroscopy survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory. Instead of using optical line flux ratios, which can be difficult to interpret in light of the effects of shocks and metallicity, we identify the AGNs via mid-infrared Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer colors, Swift/BAT ultrahard X-ray detections, NVSS and FIRST radio observations, and broad emission lines in SDSS spectra. We subdivide the AGNs into radio-quiet and radio-mode AGNs, and examine the correlations of the AGN classes with host galaxy star formation rates and stellar populations. When compared to the radio-quiet AGN host galaxies, we find that the radio-mode AGN host galaxies are preferentially elliptical, lie further beneath the star-forming main sequence (with lower star formation rates at fixed galaxy mass), have older stellar populations, and have more negative stellar age gradients with galactocentric distance (indicating inside-out quenching of star formation). These results establish a connection between radio-mode AGNs and the suppression of star formation.
Fungal osteomyelitis and soft tissue infections: Simple solutions to uncommon scenarios
Authors: Chavan Ravi , Menon Aditya , Soman Rajeev , Rodrigues Camilla , Shetty Anjali , Bhadiyadra Ravi , Agashe Vikas M 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Fungal osteoarticular/soft tissue infections (FOaSI) are an uncommon entity with protracted course due to variability in clinical picture, slow progression; resulting in misdiagnosis with empirical therapy. Recent studies have shown an alarming emergence of FOaSI in immunocompetent individuals with high mortality rates. This study recommends a protocol for managing these complex and confusing scenarios.
Methodology: We have retrospectively analysed patients with FOaSI between January 2014 and December 2016, with a minimum 12 months follow up.
Results: 8 cases (6 male, 2 female) with a mean age of 42.88 years (26-53) presented to us 45 days (3-365) after initial symptoms. They underwent mean 3 procedures before being diagnosed with a fungal infection. Deep tissue cultures grew 9 fungi and 6 bacteria, commonest fungus being Candida sp (n = 4), treated with appropriate antifungals and antibiotics. Infection remission was achieved in 7/8 (87.5%) cases at 27.1 months (19-45) follow-up with 1 mortality. Excellent functional results as per our criteria were seen in 5 cases (62.5%) with 1 talus excision, 1 ray amputation and 1 mortality.
Conclusions: This study highlights the significance of implementing a simple rule such as obtaining fungal cultures in every case of bone and soft tissue infections. Standardisation of treatment may not be the ideal solution, since different fungi have different growth patterns and invasiveness. A simple protocol of customising the medico- surgical treatment with an open ended discussion between the surgeons, microbiologists, pathologists and infectious disease specialists forms the cornerstone to success.
Leclercia adecarboxylata as an emerging pathogen in human infections: a 13-year retrospective analysis in Southern Hungary
Authors: Gajdács Márió , Ábrók Marianna , Lázár Andrea , Terhes Gabriella , Burián Katalin 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The clinical role of Leclercia adecarboxylata as an opportunistic pathogen in the context of human infections have been highlighted by multiple published case reports, describing these bacteria as novel or emerging pathogens.
Methodology: The study included L. adecarboxylata isolates and laboratory data collected, corresponding to a 13-year time period (between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2017). Presumptively identified L. adecarboxylata isolates were re-identified using VITEK 2 Compact ID/AST and MALDI-TOF MS analysis.
Results: n = 34 isolates were verified by VITEK 2 system and MALDI-TOF. The fosfomycin-agar and CPS Elite agar were effective in the phenotypic differentiation of the isolates. N = 18 (52.9%) of L. adecarboxylata was considered as clinically significant pathogens (based on the clinical signs and symptoms), while n = 16 (47.1%) were considered as contaminants. These pathogens were isolated from wound/abscess samples (n = 9), urine samples (n = 6) and blood cultures (n = 3). 31 out of 34 isolates (91.2%) were pan-sensitive (i.e. wild type) to the tested antibiotics. The median age of affected patients was 57 years (range: 12-80 years), 11 out of 18 patients (61.1%) presented with underlying immunosuppression at the time of isolation.
Conclusions: Based on the finding of this study, the actual (published) frequency of L. adecarboxylata infections needs to be re-evaluated as the risk of misidentification (and reporting the isolate as a pan-sensitive Escherichia coli) is high. Additional reporting of cases, both from a microbiological and clinical standpoint, could help clinicians develop a better understanding of the potential of this organism as a pathogen.
Could “trained immunity” be induced by live attenuated vaccines protect against COVID-19? Review of available evidence
Authors: Alsulaiman Jomana W , Khasawneh Ashraf I , Kheirallah Khalid A 
Published: October 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a severe global public health threat. Caused by SARS-Cov-2, COVID-19 is characterized by high transmission rate that correlates with high viral load. The full clinical spectrum of the illness, the prevalence rates of mild symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, and the case fatality rates are still poorly understood, highlighting the importance of early preventive measures. Unfortunately, appropriate vaccination against SARS-Cov-2 is not yet available. Unless a target vaccine is developed, COVID-19 impacts will be devastating.
“Trained immunity” (TI), which could be induced by live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), is a potential public health preventive approach to boost the host immune system. Trained innate immune cells demonstrated phenotypical and functional changes leading them to acquire immunological memory and amplify their responses against subsequent infections. This phenomenon could have important public health preventive implications by harnessing the early immune responses against COVID-19, restricting its progression, and suppressing its infectivity.
Some LAVs have induced a broad, nonspecific, protection against unrelated pathogens and decreased mortality from conditions other than the targeted infectious diseases. This review summarizes the relevant literature and 1) emphasizes the role of available LAVs as potential stimulants for TI and 2) proposes this phenomenon as a potential preventive approach against COVID-19 that needs thoughtful consideration and further investigation. Clinical trials in this field are then urgently needed in line of vaccine and treatment unavailability. This is specifically true when considering two evolving scenarios; the virus spread may not diminish with warm weather, and that it will erupt a second-hit severe outbreak next winter.
Forecasting daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Malaysia using ARIMA models
Authors: Singh Sarbhan , Murali Sundram Bala , Rajendran Kamesh , Boon Law Kian , Aris Tahir , Ibrahim Hishamshah , Chandra Dass Sarat , Singh Gill Balvinder 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The novel coronavirus infection has become a global threat affecting almost every country in the world. As a result, it has become important to understand the disease trends in order to mitigate its effects. The aim of this study is firstly to develop a prediction model for daily confirmed COVID-19 cases based on several covariates, and secondly, to select the best prediction model based on a subset of these covariates.
Methodology: This study was conducted using daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 collected from the official Ministry of Health, Malaysia (MOH) and John Hopkins University websites. An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was fitted to the training data of observed cases from 22 January to 31 March 2020, and subsequently validated using data on cases from 1 April to 17 April 2020. The ARIMA model satisfactorily forecasted the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases from 18 April 2020 to 1 May 2020 (the testing phase).
Results: The ARIMA (0,1,0) model produced the best fit to the observed data with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value of 16.01 and a Bayes Information Criteria (BIC) value of 4.170. The forecasted values showed a downward trend of COVID-19 cases until 1 May 2020. Observed cases during the forecast period were accurately predicted and were placed within the prediction intervals generated by the fitted model.
Conclusions: This study finds that ARIMA models with optimally selected covariates are useful tools for monitoring and predicting trends of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia.
Les dispositifs individualisés d’aide aux élèves : lieux de renormalisation. Comparaison entre l’Ontario et la Belgique
Authors: Bélanger Nathalie , Kahn Sabine 
Published: October 2020

L’aide individualisée aux élèves se déploie de plus en plus dans les écoles à travers le monde. Les plans individuels d’apprentissage (PIA) pour la Belgique ou d’enseignement individualisé (PEI) pour l’Ontario en sont des exemples. Peuvent-ils être considérés en tant que lieux de renormalisation et de réinterprétation de la forme scolaire ? Ils sont ici analysés en tant que dispositifs à partir d’une approche sociomatérielle et normative de l’activité. Les résultats montrent que le plan prescrit peut être associé à un changement de paradigme qui vise à instruire les conduites des professionnels de l’éducation à partir de nouvelles normes. Tandis que les plans réels révèlent, dans les deux contextes, les renormalisations à l’œuvre mais aussi la persistance de cultures professionnelles encore peu acquises aux nouvelles injonctions et aux normes qui les sous-tendent.
GIS in environmental monitoring and assessment of dredging activites in a perturbed estuarine Lagoon
Authors: Olapoju O.A. , Osibona A.O. , Olayinka D.N. , Edokpayi C.A. , Samuel O.B. 
Published: October 2020

The study aimed at mapping and characterizing the benthic communities of Lagos Lagoon based on how the sediment define the distribution of organisms in response to dredging activity of the area. The hydrographic survey of was carried out with the aid of an echo-sounder and side-scan sonar and plotted in ArcGIS 10.3.1. The benthic macroinvertebrate ecology in relation to human activities was defined and studied in ten selected dredged stations. Habitat suitability maps of dominant species were plotted using spatial analyst tool. The removal of organisms with the sediment resulted into increased turbidity, suspended solids and modified sediment characteristics in the study area. The known venus, pachymelania, mangrove, estuarine-amphioplus and estuarine-rock macroinvertebrate communities were intact. However, there were changes in the composition of the communities with Donax acutangulus going into extinction. Multivariate analysis showed that the observed benthic communities and sediment characteristics were sandy in nature. The observed assemblage of organism was mostly dominated by bivalve - Atactodea striata of the family Mesodesmatidae at Ogun river station which was characterised by sand. The results revealed a patchy distribution of organisms having abundant macroinvertebrates with less diversity which may be as a result of the on-going dredging activities in the area.
Keywords: Macrobenthos, bathymetry, sediment, dredging, GIS
Chemical assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) on processed <I>Clarias gariepinus</I> (Burchell, 1822) from different energy sources
Authors: Agbabiaka L.A. , Adedokun I.I. , Ojukannaye S.A. , Agbai D.C. 
Published: October 2020

Chemical assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) on processed African catfish was carried out. Fish samples were processed using charcoal, firewood and gas oven following standard procedures. Gas chromatographic analysis was employed for PAHs determination. Results showed that mean PAHs concentrations in fish samples were observed to be: 737.86ng/μl in firewood-smoked samples, 1451.82ng/μl in charcoal and 1990.23ng/μl in oven-dried fish. The highest mean concentration of PAHs was 906.93±0.01 ng/μl for pyrene from the charcoal-smoked samples. Lower molecular weight PAHs were generally dominant in tested samples. The number of PAHs ring showed significant variation (p<0.05) with respect to processing methods. Inference from the results showed that differently processed fish samples were of good quality and are suitable for human consumption. However, the charcoal processed samples appeared to be the best when considering the case of incomplete combustion of the wood during the drying process. Therefore, the use of charcoal in fish processing is hereby recommended. Also, it is suggested that fish processors be trained on the appropriate handling and processing methods to adopt in order to enhance the production of high-quality contaminants-free fish products.
Keywords: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH), anthropogenic, combustion, smoking methods, contaminants.
Título en español.
Authors: G. Samuels  , E. Orengo-Santiago  , A. Beale  
Published: October 2020

Los requisitos de abono para plátanos del cultivar Maricongo (Musa acuminata x M. balbisiana) fueron determinados en el caso de un suelo San Antón (Cumulic Haplustolls) en regadío en la costa sur de Puerto Rico. Los niveles de N y K2O fueron 0, 168, 336, 504, y 673 kg./ha., respectivamente; P2O5 a 0, 168, y 336 kg./ha.; y MgO a 0, 94, 187 y 374 kg./ha. El experimento tenía 6 repeticiones con 5 plantas por parcela. Además de la lluvia se aplicó riego por goteo. Con aplicaciones de 168 kg. N/ha. se obtuvieron resultados significativos con respecto al número de frutas por planta y peso por racimo. El uso de la ecuación abono-rendimiento de Capó indicó que, considerándose la producción por ha., rendimientos máximos de 157.988 frutas, con peso de 45,030 kg., se hubieran obtenido con aplicaciones de 259 y 282 kg. N/ha., respectivamente. Con aplicaciones de N mayores de 363 kg. N/ha., la producción de racimos por ha. fue más baja, arrojando una pérdida de 22.8% racimos menos por ha. al comparase con aplicaciones óptimas de N. Un contenido en N de 3.20% en las hojas, a los 10 meses de edad, reflejó carencia de N, mientras que el contenido de 3.66% reflejó suficiencia para máxima producción. Cantidades óptimas de K2O de 420 y 405 kg./ha. estuvieron asociadas con rendimientos máximos en número y peso de los plátanos, respectivamente, con la aplicación de 336 kg. K2O, siendo suficiente para producir el 99% del máximo. Con aplicaciones de fósforo de hasta 336 kg. P2O5/ha. no se lograron aumentos significativos en la producción tanto por planta como por ha. El suelo no abonado contenía 45/ppm (Olson) y las plantas de estas parcelas contenían .28% de P en las hojas a los 10 meses. La aplicacion de 94 kg. MgO/ha. satisfizo más del 95% de este fertilizante para un rendimiento máximo en número y peso de las frutas por ha. Los valores del suelo (699 ppm) y de la hoja (.48% Mg) en los tratamientos que no recibieron Mg estaban por encima de los valores críticos recomendados para plátanos. Para una producción máxima de plátanos en un suelo San Antón en regadío, se recomienda el uso de 168 kg. N y 336 kg. K2O/ha.
Título en español.
Authors: F. Sánchez Nieva  , M. Mercado  
Published: October 2020

En este estudio se determinó el efecto del método usado para mondar el guineo (banano) verde sobre la absorción de sulfito en soluciones acuosas de metabisulfito de potasio. Cuando la fruta pelada en agua a 200° F. (93° C.) por 30 minutos se sulfitó en soluciones de K2S2O5 a temperatura ambiente (82° F., 27.8° C.), la absorción de sulfitos aumentó al aumentar la concentración de la solución sulfitante y el tiempo de inmersión. Cuando el pH de la solución sulfitante se redujo mediante acidulación con ácido cítrico, la absorción del sulfito disminuyó. El pH de la fruta tratada bajó y su acidez aumentó al bajar el pH de la solución sulfitante. Estos cambios, sin embargo no afectaron el sabor de la fruta. Cuando la fruta tratada con vapor se sulfitó, se comportó de modo similar a lo observado en fruta tratada con agua caliente. Cuando la fruta tratada con vapor se escaldó en agua caliente a 200° F. (93° C.), la absorción de sulfitos aumentó en proporción a la duración de la escaldadura. Cuando la fruta se escaldó al vapor, disminuyó la absorción de sulfitos a medida que aumentó la duración de la escaldadura.