bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular economy business models: The state of research and avenues ahead
Authors: Ferasso Marcos , Beliaeva Tatiana , Kraus Sascha , Clauss Thomas , Ribeiro‐Soriano Domingo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study investigates how the circular economy and business models are related in the current business and management literature. Based on bibliometric analytical procedures, 253 articles were retrieved from the Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect scientific databases. The articles were analyzed according to network analysis principles, and key terms were mapped into a network. We used VOSviewer to build the network, explore the most‐researched terms and their relationships, and identify less‐explored terms and research gaps. We furthermore conducted a qualitative review of selected publications to provide an illustration of quantitative results and delve deeper into the research topics. The main findings revealed the networks of current topics as they appear in the publications such as business models, the circular economy, circular business models, value, supply chain, transition, resource, waste, and reuse, and their most prevalent relationships. The results also highlighted several emerging topics such as those connected with managerial, supply‐side, demand‐side, networking, performance, and contextual considerations of circular business models.
Discordance between pediatric self‐report and parent proxy‐report symptom scores and creation of a dyad symptom screening tool (co‐SSPedi)
Authors: Tomlinson Deborah , Plenert Erin , Dadzie Grace , Loves Robyn , Cook Sadie , Schechter Tal , Furtado Jennifer , Dupuis L. Lee , Sung Lillian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSymptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (SSPedi) (age 8‐18 years) and mini‐SSPedi (age 4‐7 years) can be used to self‐report and proxy‐report bothersome symptoms in pediatric patients receiving cancer treatments. There are limitations of sole child self‐report or proxy‐report. An approach in which children and parents complete symptom reports together may be useful. The aim of our study was to describe discordance between child self‐report and parent proxy‐report symptom scores, and to determine how these scores compare to an approach in which reporting is performed together (co‐SSPedi). Children and parents completed SSPedi or mini‐SSPedi separately. Discordant symptoms were shared with respondents and discussed. Next, the dyad completed co‐SSPedi together and were asked which approach they preferred. Discordance was evaluated for each symptom and was defined as a difference of at least 2 points on an ordinal scale ranging from 0 (not at all bothered) to 4 (extremely bothered). Of the 48 enrolled dyads (children, median age, 10.8 years; 54.2% male), 41 (85.4%) had discordance in at least one symptom. There was no clear pattern in discordance by age group. When a dyad approach was used, more co‐SSPedi scores agreed with the original child self‐report scores (59 dyads, 56.2%) compared to original parent proxy‐report scores (15 dyads, 14.3%) for discordant symptoms. Forty‐three (89.6%) dyads preferred to complete SSPedi together. Future work should evaluate the psychometric properties of co‐SSPedi.
Abusive Head Trauma in Infants: Incidence and Detection of Prior Brain Injury
Authors: Sirmai Naomi , Garside Lydia , Tzioumi Dimitra 
Published: June 2020

Diagnosis of abusive head trauma (AHT) is challenging; clinical signs are non‐specific and perpetrator confessions are rare. Moreover, many infants sustain multiple episodes of abuse before presenting to medical practitioners. The objective of this study was to quantify the incidence of prior presentations with features of brain injury in AHT, and to compare these figures to those in non‐abusive head trauma (non‐AHT). Data on children under the age of two years who were assessed for AHT by the Child Protection Unit of Sydney Children's Hospital between 2008 and 2017 were collected, and AHT cases were compared with non‐abusive cases. Of the 167 cases assessed for head trauma, 26 per cent had at least one prior presentation to medical care. This was 42 per cent of the AHT cases, and 11 per cent of the non‐AHT cases. Odds ratio calculations revealed infants with AHT were 5.7 times more likely to have had a prior presentation than children with non‐AHT (CI = 2.4–13.17, p < 0.001). Infants with AHT are much more likely than infants with non‐AHT to have presented previously to medical practitioners. This difference suggests that there is an early diagnostic window within which abuse can be detected before it continues or escalates. Careful evaluation of an infant is of paramount importance, and may save a life.‘[Aims] to quantify the incidence of prior presentations with features of brain injury in AHT, and to compare these figures to those in non‐abusive head trauma’Key Practitioner Messages

Medical practitioners should consider the possibility of brain injury in a child presenting with non‐specific symptoms, and consider that this brain injury could be abusive in nature.
Suspicions of abusive head trauma should be increased if the child has presented with signs consistent with brain injury before.
Suspicions of abusive head trauma should be increased if there is no mechanism of an injury provided by the child's carer.
Social norms and plastic avoidance: Testing the theory of normative social behaviour on an environmental behaviour
Authors: Borg Kim , Curtis Jim , Lindsay Jo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlastic pollution is a critical global sustainability challenge, but the social norms associated with single‐use plastics are changing. These new norms could be encouraging consumer behaviour change by highlighting which behaviours are common and acceptable. This paper explores the role of social norms in predicting plastic avoidance, using the theory of normative social behaviour (TNSB). A representative survey (n = 1,001) was conducted measuring consumer behaviour in relation to four single‐use plastic items (bags, straws, coffee cups, and take‐away containers). Descriptive norms were found to be the strongest predictor of plastic avoidance and most of the remaining variables moderated the norm‐behaviour relationship. However, the relative importance of each variable differed depending on the specific item and behaviour. These findings indicate that there is an opportunity to use social norm messaging to close the perception‐action gap among consumers in order to address a global sustainability problem.
Retracted: Tormentic acid inhibits hepatic stellate cells activation via blocking PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF‐κB signalling pathways
Authors: Lin Xing , Li Yan , Zhang Xiaoling , Wei Yuanyuan , Wen Shujuan , Lu Zhongpeng , Huang Quanfang , Wei Jinbin 
Published: June 2020

The present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect and underlying mechanism of Tormentic acid (TA) on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). HSC‐T6 cells were stimulated with Platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) and TA, and then cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammatory factor, and collagen‐related indicators were detected. In order to elucidate the potential mechanism, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF‐κB signalling pathways were also detected. The results showed that TA treatment markedly inhibited PDGF‐BB‐stimulated HSC‐T6 cell activation, as evidenced by the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and colony formation, as well as the decreased expression of TGF‐β and α‐SMA. TA treatment caused a significant increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and significantly promoted cell apoptosis. TA treatment significantly reduced aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and total bilirubin activity. Importantly, TA inhibited the expression of collagen type I and III, alleviating the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Further experiments showed that TA administration significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, FAK and mTOR and the protein expression of P70S6K, indicating the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Moreover, treatment with TA markedly decreased the phosphorylation of IκBα, NF‐κB p65 and IKKα/β, thereby blocking the NF‐κB signal transduction. In summary, this study demonstrates that TA significantly inhibits HSC activation and promotes cell apoptosis via the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF‐κB signalling pathways.Significance of the studyTormentic acid (TA) could inhibit HSC activation and alleviate collagen‐based ECM deposition, suggesting that TA exerted anti‐hepatic fibrosis. Further mechanism research revealed that the inhibition of TA on HSC activation might be through blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF‐κB signalling pathways. These findings provided a new cue to understand the protective effect of TA against liver fibrosis, which may provide a potential nature medicine for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
HSP90 inhibitors strengthen extracellular ATP‐stimulated synthesis of interleukin‐6 in osteoblasts: Amplification of p38 MAP kinase
Authors: Hioki Tomoyuki , Tokuda Haruhiko , Nakashima Daiki , Fujita Kazuhiko , Kawabata Tetsu , Sakai Go , Kim Woo , Tachi Junko , Tanabe Kumiko , Matsushima‐Nishiwaki Rie , Otsuka Takanobu , Iida Hiroki , Kozawa Osamu 
Published: June 2020

Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is expressed ubiquitously in a variety of cell types including osteoblasts. HSP90 acts as a key driver of proteostasis under pathophysiological conditions. Here, we investigated the involvement of HSP90 in extracellular ATP‐stimulated interleukin (IL)‐6 synthesis and HSP90 downstream signalling in osteoblast‐like MC3T3‐E1 cells. In osteoblasts, extracellular ATP stimulates the synthesis of IL‐6, a bone‐remodelling agent. Geldanamycin, 17‐allylamino‐17‐demethoxy‐geldanamycin (17‐AAG) and onalespib, three different HSP90 inhibitors, amplified the ATP‐stimulated IL‐6 release. Geldanamycin increased IL‐6 mRNA expression elicited by ATP. ATP enhanced the triiodothyronine‐induced osteocalcin release, but HSP90 inhibitors suppressed the release. Extracellular ATP induced the phosphorylation of p44/p42 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), p70 S6 kinase, Akt, and myosin phosphatase‐targeting subunit (MYPT), a Rho‐kinase substrate. SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 MAPK, suppressed ATP‐stimulated IL‐6 release. Inhibitors of MEK1/2 (PD98059), JNK (SP600125), upstream kinase of p70 S6 kinase (rapamycin) and Akt (deguelin), all increased IL‐6 release. Y27632, a Rho‐kinase inhibitor, failed to affect the IL‐6 release stimulated by ATP. Geldanamycin and 17‐AAG both amplified ATP‐induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation, although geldanamycin inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt induced by ATP. In addition, SB203580 significantly reduced the amplification by geldanamycin of the IL‐6 release. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that HSP90 inhibitors up‐regulate extracellular ATP‐stimulated IL‐6 synthesis via amplification of p38 MAPK activation in osteoblasts.Significance of the studyHeat shock protein 90 (HSP90) acts as a key driver of proteostasis under pathophysiological conditions in a variety of cell types. We have previously shown that HSP90 is expressed at high levels in osteoblast‐like MC3T3‐E1 cells, even in their quiescent state, consistent with HSP90 performing an important physiological function in osteoblasts. In the present study, we investigated whether HSP90 is implicated in extracellular ATP‐induced interleukin (IL)‐6 synthesis in osteoblast‐like MC3T3‐E1 cells. Our results strongly suggest that HSP90 inhibitors up‐regulate extracellular ATP‐stimulated IL‐6 synthesis via amplification of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation in osteoblasts.
Severe symptomatic hyperparathyroidism—Is it carcinoma?—Case report and literature review
Authors: Pereira Catarina A. , Garrido Susana , Amaral Cláudia , Lima Olinda , Cardoso Helena 
Published: June 2020

AbstractParathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease, difficult to diagnose and associated with a poor prognosis. It must be suspected preoperatively, based on clinical and imaging grounds, in order to perform the best surgical option and avoid compromising patient's prognosis.
Identification of a novel homozygous variant in the alkaline phosphate (ALPL) gene associated with hypophosphatasia
Authors: Bisgin Atil , Boga Ibrahim , Cetin Cihan , Buyukkurt Selim 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe lack of awareness of patient risk factors, failure to obtain adequate family history, was discussed by clinical experience in prenatal testing of hypophosphatasia with a novel variant in the ALPL gene identified in the index case of the family.
Atropisomeric Effects of Second Coordination Spheres on Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Williams Caroline K. , Lashgari Amir , Tomb Jenny A. , Chai Jingchao , Jiang Jianbing Jimmy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractControl of the second coordination spheres of molecular catalytic systems has enhanced the catalytic efficiencies and facilitated the elucidation of catalytic mechanisms. Herein, we present the evaluation of stereoisomeric effects of a set of metal redox‐innocent zinc porphyrin complexes on CO2 reduction, including complexes containing four (ZnP4T) and one (ZnP1T) triazole units, and two atropisomers with two triazole units positioned at the same (ZnP2T‐αα) and different (ZnP2T‐αβ) sides of the zinc porphyrin framework. Kinetic study and foot‐of‐the‐wave analysis indicated that complexes with more than one triazole unit on the same side of the porphyrin framework (ZnP4T and ZnP2T‐αα) display at least double maximum turnover frequency than the counterparts with a single triazole unit on the same side (ZnP1T and ZnP2T‐αβ). These results suggest the formation of a hydrogen‐bonding network in the second coordination sphere that facilitates proton transfer from the hydrophilic network to the catalyst‐CO2 intermediate.
Enantioselective LC‐MS/MS method for the determination of cloperastine enantiomers in rat plasma and its pharmacokinetic application
Authors: Lun Jia , Zhao Pengfei , Jiang Zhen , Song Yongbo , Guo Xingjie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCloperastine is a central antitussive used to reduce the frequency and intensity of coughing on a short‐term basis. In this study, a reliable chiral LC‐MS/MS technology has been developed for the quantification of cloperastine enantiomers in the rat plasma. Carbinoxamine was selected as the internal standard. The enantioseparation of cloperastine was performed on a Chiralpak IA column with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile‐water‐ammonium hydroxide (80:20:0.1, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Cloperastine enantiomers were detected by mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode with a positive electrospray ionization source. The method was validated over the linear concentration range of 0.05 to 10.0 ng/mL (5.0 × 10−4 ng to 0.10 ng) for both enantiomers. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for each analyte was determined as 0.05 ng/mL. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of intraday and interday precision was less than 13.9%, and the relative error (RE) of accuracy ranged from −5.4% to 6.1%, which were within the acceptance criteria. Finally, an application to the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of cloperastine in rats was successfully realized in our assay. The developed method on a commercially available Chiralpak IA column under isocratic mobile phase is advantageous to analyze cloperastine enantiomers in plasma samples collected for enantioselective metabolism or drug interaction studies.
Introducing the concept of concentration by quantitative analyzes with smartphones or tablets – an example of scientific‐propaedeutic work in the SEK I
Authors: Czubatinski Lars , Hornung Gabriele , Nieß Carola 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIm vorliegenden Artikel wird eine digital unterstützte und praxiserprobte Unterrichtseinheit zur Einführung des Konzentrationsbegriffs in der Sekundarstufe 1 (8. oder 9. Klasse) vorgestellt. Anknüpfend an sensorische Erfahrungen aus dem Alltag wird ein wissenschaftspropädeutischer und gleichzeitig alltagsrelevanter Weg beschritten, um die Massenkonzentration eines Azofarbstoffes in einem Fruchtsirup zu bestimmen. Zur Problemlösung wird sich der Methode „Smartphotometer“ bedient, welche quantitative Konzentrationsbestimmungen mittels Smartphones oder Tablets erlaubt. Die hier vorgestellte zweiteilige Unterrichtssequenz zur Einführung des Konzentrationsbegriffs macht deutlich, dass über die photometrische Konzentrationsbestimmung mit dem Smartphone unter entsprechender didaktischer Aufarbeitung ein tiefgreifendes Verständnis für quantitative Größen generiert werden kann. Die für die Unterrichtseinheit konzipierten Arbeitsblätter sowie ein tabellarisch dargestellter Stundenverlaufsplan sind online verfügbar.
Peptidyl Vinyl Ketone Irreversible Inhibitors of Rhodesain: Modifications of the P2 Fragment
Authors: Maiorana Santina , Ettari Roberta , Previti Santo , Amendola Giorgio , Wagner Annika , Cosconati Sandro , Hellmich Ute A. , Schirmeister Tanja , Zappalà Maria 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we report the design, synthesis and biological investigation of a series of peptidyl vinyl ketones obtained by modifying the P2 fragment of previously reported highly potent inhibitors of rhodesain, the main cysteine protease of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Investigation of the structure–activity relationship led us to identify new rhodesain inhibitors endowed with an improved selectivity profile (a selectivity index of up to 22 000 towards the target enzyme), and/or an improved antitrypanosomal activity in the sub‐micromolar range.
Effects of Oxycodone Combined With Flurbiprofen Axetil on Postoperative Analgesia and Immune Function in Patients Undergoing Radical Resection of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wan Zhengzuo , Chu Chunhua , Zhou Rong , Que Bin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe influence of surgery and anesthesia on immune function during the perioperative period should not be neglected. In this study, we evaluated the effects of oxycodone combined with flurbiprofen axetil on postoperative analgesia and immune function in patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer (CRC). One hundred and thirty‐three were randomized into the oxycodone combined with flurbiprofen axetil (OF) group or the sufentanil combined with flurbiprofen axetil (SF) group. Patients in the OF group were prescribed oxycodone hydrochloride 0.1 mg/kg combined with flurbiprofen axetil 3 mg/kg for postoperative analgesia, whereas the SF group received sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg combined with flurbiprofen axetil 3 mg/kg. The primary outcome was visual analog scale (VAS) score. Secondary outcomes included the quantities of CD4+, CD8+, and natural killer (NK) T cells, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α level, and interleukin (IL)‐6 in peripheral blood, the consumption of analgesics, and the incidence of adverse reactions, and so forth. The VAS scores at rest were similar in both group. However, the VAS scores at cough in the OF group at 8, 12, and 24 hours postsurgery were lower than those in the SF group. Compared with the SF group, the count of CD4+ T cells and ratio of CD4+/CD8+ were higher in the OF group at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postsurgery, although the count of CD8+ and NK T cells was higher than that in the SF group at 48 and 72 hours postsurgery. In addition, the serum level of TNF‐α and IL‐6 at 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours postsurgery in the OF group was lower than that in the SF group. In addition, the incidence of postoperative nausea, postoperative vomiting, and pruritus was lower, the time to first flatus and bowel movement was earlier in the OF group. Oxycodone combined with flurbiprofen axetil applied for patient‐controlled intravenous analgesia could effectively reduce pain intensity, particularly for visceral pain, and help to reverse the status of immunosuppression during radical resection of CRC.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Two Formulations of Pegylated Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony‐Stimulating Factor in Healthy Chinese Subjects: An Open‐Label, Randomized, Parallel‐Design Bioavailability Study
Authors: Hu Chaoying , Ji Bingxin , Hu Xiao , Yang Cuicui , Sun Wanling , Zhao Xiaowei , Li Lin , Li Xiaoying , Zhang Lan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (PEG‐rhG‐CSF, pegfilgrastim) is a long‐acting derivative of recombinant human granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor with limited renal clearance and a longer half‐life. It is used for the prevention of febrile neutropenia, owing to its capacity to promote neutrophil recovery. In this study, the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and immunogenicity of 2 formulations of PEG‐rhG‐CSF were evaluated in healthy Chinese subjects. Twenty‐four male subjects who received a single dose of subcutaneous PEG‐rhG‐CSF 100 µg/kg were randomized to either treatment A (3 mg/mL) or treatment B (1 mg/mL). Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic parameters of PEG‐rhG‐CSF were derived from serum concentration‐time data. In addition, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) as a pharmacodynamic maker, immunogenicity through antidrug antibody testing, and safety were evaluated. The mean area under the concentration‐time curve from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0‐t) and the mean maximum concentration (Cmax) of PEG‐rhG‐CSF after treatment A were 5070 ng·h/mL and 125 ng/mL, respectively; these values were comparable to those measured after treatment B (5340 ng·h/mL and 123 ng/mL, respectively). The mean value of area under the △ANC (baseline‐adjusted ANC)‐time curve and the maximum △ANC values were 4380 × 109 h/L and 33.1 × 109/L, respectively, in the treatment A group, and 5170 × 109 h/L and 38.6 × 109/L, respectively, in the treatment B group. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles were similar for the 2 PEG‐rhG‐CSF formulations following a single dose of 100 µg/kg. The safety and immunogenicity profiles were also similar, with no significant differences. The dose adjustment of PEG‐rhG‐CSF was not considered necessary for formulation transformation.
Illuminating Cellular Biochemistry: Fluorogenic Chemogenetic Biosensors for Biological Imaging
Authors: Broch Fanny , Gautier Arnaud 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCellular activity is defined by the precise spatiotemporal regulation of various components, such as ions, small molecules, or proteins. Studying cell physiology consequently requires the optical recording of these processes, notably by using fluorescent biosensors. The recent development of various fluorogenic systems greatly expanded the palette of reporters to be included in these sensors design. Fluorogenic reporters consist of a protein or RNA tag that can complex either an endogenous or a synthetic fluorogenic dye (so‐called fluorogen). The intrinsic nature of these tags, along with the high tunability of their cognate chromophore provide interesting features such as far‐red to near‐infrared emission, oxygen independence, or unprecedented color versatility. These engineered photoreceptors, self‐labelling proteins, or noncovalent aptamers and protein tags were rapidly identified as promising reporters to observe biological events. This Minireview focuses on the new perspectives they offer to design unique and innovative biosensors, thus pushing the boundaries of cellular imaging.