bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensemble classification technique for heart disease prediction with meta-heuristic-enabled training system
Authors: Kumar Parvathaneni Rajendra , Ravichandran Suban , Narayana Satyala 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This research work exclusively aims to develop a novel heart disease prediction framework including three major phases, namely proposed feature extraction, dimensionality reduction, and proposed ensemble-based classification.

Methods
As the novelty, the training of NN is carried out by a new enhanced optimization algorithm referred to as Sea Lion with Canberra Distance (S-CDF) via tuning the optimal weights. The improved S-CDF algorithm is the extended version of the existing “Sea Lion Optimization (SLnO)”. Initially, the statistical and higher-order statistical features are extracted including central tendency, degree of dispersion, and qualitative variation, respectively. However, in this scenario, the “curse of dimensionality” seems to be the greatest issue, such that there is a necessity of dimensionality reduction in the extracted features. Hence, the principal component analysis (PCA)-based feature reduction approach is deployed here. Finally, the dimensional concentrated features are fed as the input to the proposed ensemble technique with “Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN)” with optimized Neural Network (NN) as the final classifier.

Results
An elaborative analyses as well as discussion have been provided by concerning the parameters, like evaluation metrics, year of publication, accuracy, implementation tool, and utilized datasets obtained by various techniques.

Conclusions
From the experiment outcomes, it is proved that the accuracy of the proposed work with the proposed feature set is 5, 42.85, and 10% superior to the performance with other feature sets like central tendency + dispersion feature, central tendency qualitative variation, and dispersion qualitative variation, respectively.

Results
Finally, the comparative evaluation shows that the presented work is appropriate for heart disease prediction as it has high accuracy than the traditional works.
Nonlinear analysis of scalp EEGs from normal and brain tumour subjects
Authors: Selvam V. Salai , Devi S. Shenbaga 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Measurement of features from the chaos theory or as popularly known, the concept of nonlinear dynamics, as indicatives of several pathological conditions and cognition states using the electroencephalography (EEG) signal is very popular. In this paper, the analysis of scalp EEG signals of normal subjects and brain tumour patients using the nonlinear dynamic features has been presented. The nonlinear dynamic features that represent the dimensional and waveform complexities of the signal being analyzed have been considered. The statistical analysis of the selected nonlinear dynamic features has been presented. The results show that the nonlinear dynamic features significantly discriminate the brain tumour group from the normal group.
Measurement of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone using isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry candidate reference method and evaluation of the performance for three routine methods
Authors: Long Qichen , Zhang Tianjiao , Yan Ying , Zhao Haijian , Zhou Weiyan , Zeng Jie , Li Shuijun , Zhang Jiangtao , Zeng Qingzhang , Zhao Beibei , Zhang Chuanbao , Chen Wenxiang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Accurate measurements of serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) are essential for diagnosis and treatment monitoring for congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients. The performance of serum 17OHP routine methods remains highly variable that calls for a candidate reference measurement procedure (cRMP) to improve the standardization of serum 17OHP measurements.

Methods
Serum samples spiked with internal standards were extracted with a combination of solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction. The 17OHP was quantified by the isotope dilution coupled with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC/MS/MS) with electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. Nine structural analogs of 17OHP were evaluated for interferences. The precision and analytical recovery were assessed. Twenty native and 40 spiked serum for performance evaluation were measured by the cRMP and two clinical LC/MS routine methods.

Results
No apparent interferences were found with the 17OHP measurement. The within-run, between-run, and total precision for our method were 0.4–0.8%, 0.6–2.0%, and 1.0–2.1% for four pooled serum (2.46–102.72 nmol/L), respectively. The recoveries of added 17OHP were 100.0–100.2%. For the performance of two LC/MS routine methods, they showed relative deviation ranges of −22.1 to 1.1% and −6.7 to 12.8%, respectively.

Conclusions
We developed and validated a reliable serum 17OHP method using ID-LC/MS/MS. The desirable accuracy and precision of this method enable it to serve as a promising cRMP to improve the standardization for serum 17OHP routine measurements.
Quality benchmarking of smartphone laboratory medicine applications: comparison of laboratory medicine specialists’ and non-laboratory medicine professionals’ evaluation
Authors: Jovičić Snežana , Siodmiak Joanna , Alcorta Marta Duque , Kittel Maximillian , Oosterhuis Wytze , Aakre Kristin Moberg , Jørgensen Per , Palicka Vladimir , Kutt Marge , Anttonen Mikko , Velizarova Mileva Georgieva , Marc Jania ,   European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Working Group on Patient-Focused Laboratory Medicine
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
There are many mobile health applications (apps) now available and some that use in some way laboratory medicine data. Among them, patient-oriented are of the lowest content quality. The aim of this study was to compare the opinions of non-laboratory medicine professionals (NLMP) with those of laboratory medicine specialists (LMS) and define the benchmarks for quality assessment of laboratory medicine apps.

Methods
Twenty-five volunteers from six European countries evaluated 16 selected patient-oriented apps. Participants were 20–60 years old, 44% were females, with different educational degrees, and no professional involvement in laboratory medicine. Each participant completed a questionnaire based on the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) and the System Usability Scale, as previously used for rating the app quality by LMS. The responses from the two groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation.

Results
The median total score of NLMP app evaluation was 2.73 out of 5 (IQR 0.95) compared to 3.78 (IQR 1.05) by the LMS. All scores were statistically significantly lower in the NLMP group (p<0.05), except for the item Information quality (p=0.1631). The suggested benchmarks for a useful appear: increasing awareness of the importance and delivering an understanding of persons’ own laboratory test results; understandable terminology; easy to use; appropriate graphic design, and trustworthy information.

Conclusions
NLMP’ evaluation confirmed the low utility of currently available laboratory medicine apps. A reliable app should contain trustworthy and understandable information. The appearance of an app should be fit for purpose and easy to use.
Impact of routine S100B protein assay on CT scan use in children with mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lorton Fleur , Simon-Pimmel Jeanne , Masson Damien , Launay Elise , Gras-Le Guen Christèle , Scherdel Pauline 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the impact of implementing a modified Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rule including the S100B protein assay for managing mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in children.

Methods
A before-and-after study was conducted in a paediatric emergency department of a French University Hospital from 2013 to 2015. We retrospectively included all consecutive children aged 4 months to 15 years who presented mTBI and were at intermediate risk for clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI). We compared the proportions of CT scans performed and of in-hospital observations before (2013–2014) and after (2014–2015) implementation of a modified PECARN rule including the S100B protein assay.

Results
We included 1,062 children with mTBI (median age 4.5 years, sex ratio [F/M] 0.73) who were at intermediate risk for ciTBI: 494 (46.5%) during 2013–2014 and 568 (53.5%) during 2014–2015. During 2014–2015, S100B protein was measured in 451 (79.4%) children within 6 h after mTBI. The proportion of CT scans and in-hospital observations significantly decreased between the two periods, from 14.4 to 9.5% (p=0.02) and 73.9–40.5% (p<0.01), respectively. The number of CT scans performed to identify a single ciTBI was reduced by two-thirds, from 18 to 6 CT scans, between 2013–2014 and 2014–2015. All children with ciTBI were identified by the rules.

Conclusions
The implementation of a modified PECARN rule including the S100B protein assay significantly decreased the proportion of CT scans and in-hospital observations for children with mTBI who were at intermediate risk for ciTBI.
A turbidity sensor development based on NL-PI observers: Experimental application to the control of a Sinaloa’s River Spirulina maxima cultivation
Authors: Flores Gerardo , Rodriguez-Mata Abraham Efraim , Amabilis-Sosa Leonel Ernesto , Gonzalez-Huitron Victor Alejandro , Hernández-González Omar , Lopéz-Peréz Pablo Antonio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article addresses the problem of controlling the growth of microalgae originating in Mexican rivers, especially in the state of Sinaloa, Culiacan River. For this purpose, a robust, high-gain nonlinear observer is proposed to estimate the unknown disturbance in the cultivation of mixotrophic microalgae with the presence of organic nutrients. Once a perturbation function related to the change of ambient light is estimated, an output feedback control for the photobioreactor is proposed, in which through Lyapunov’s convergence functions, the final boundary stability conditions are obtained. Thus, a turbidity sensor was designed for Spirulina platensis, a native microalgae of Culiacan River, which is presented using the MATLAB-Arduino programming environment. This sensor is calibrated using biomass culture and is a low-cost device. Through the numerical study, the feasibility and performance of the control and the observer are evaluated. Finally, real-time experimental evaluations are made based on the literature, studying the use of robust controllers in a photobioreactor with a mixed culture, in the presence of environmental changes in lighting.
On the importance of things: a relational approach to agency
Authors: Mendoza-Collazos Juan Carlos 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present review is conceived to be a contribution from the double perspective of a semiotician and a designer to the current debate on the extended mind and on distributed cognition, focusing on the role of things (artefacts, material culture) for the emergence of agency in animate beings. The theory of material engagement as conceived by Lambros Malafouris was formally introduced seven years ago, proposing an idea of boundless cognition and reformulating key notions such as agency, intentionality, and mental representations, philosophically framed with the help of approaches such as postphenomenology (Ihde 2009; Ihde and Malafouris 2019). There is much to commend about a non-hierarchical, interdependent relationship between the world and living organisms — and more specifically between material things and human beings. Nevertheless, a balanced review of the notion of “material agency” is still called for. In this review, I show that an asymmetry can be introduced into the relationship between artefacts and human beings without committing the “sin” of anthropocentrism.
Machine Learning approaches for convergence of IoT and Blockchain
Authors: Singh Krishna Kant , Balamurugan B. , Smieee Naveen Chilamkurti , Rawal Kshatriya Bharat S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBlockchain plays a significant role in providing security during data handling operations and defines how trusted transactions can be carried out addressing the solution for internet facing vulnerability problems. Blockchain solves the security fault line among AI and IoT, where most of the IoT devices are connected to each other through public networks. This special issue aims to publish a collection of high quality research articles in the area of blockchain, IoT and Machine Learning.
A case of diprosopus: a rare form of twinning radiology-pathology correlation
Authors: Du Xiao-Zhou , Del Bigio Marc R. , Stefanovici Camelia , Miller Elka , Fan Charity , Bunge Martin , Rozovsky Katya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Diprosopus is a rare subtype of conjoined twinning, with approximately 30 reported cases in English literature. Due to the rarity of conjoined twins, the mechanism leading to this developmental anomaly is not yet understood.

Case presentation
We present a case of diprosopus with multimodality imaging (prenatal and postnatal), and with pathological correlations. Developmental anomalies include partial duplication of frontal lobes, formation of a midline “third” frontal lobe, as well as orofacial and cardiac anomalies. The constellation of anomalies coincide with development during embryonic days 23–26, where the anterior prosencephalon, prechordal plate/oropharyngeal membrane, and cardiogenic plate are in very close proximity to each other.

Conclusions
This case offers an opportunity to better appreciate the radiologic and pathologic manifestations of diprosopus, and adds to the current body of evidence.
A Cultural Semiotics of Jingshen: A Manifesto
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yu Hongbing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the face of myriad crises in modern societies, semiotic inquiry has many valuable contributions to make. However, the long-standing dominant analytical paradigms in the field have made it exceedingly difficult, if not altogether impossible, to tackle the countless unanalyzable aspects of semiosis in the human condition. What needs to be done in semiotics is to highlight another mode of knowing, synthetic thinking, without excluding the analytical mode. Drawing inspiration and strength from classical Eastern philosophies and aesthetics, notably I Ching and Laozi, as well as classics and advances in global semiotics, the present paper proposes a cultural semiotics of jingshen, understood here as the holistic flux of mind, vitality, and creativity. This route of inquiry seeks cogent coalescence of the two foregoing modes of knowing so as to better inform semiotics in a new age. At the same time, it creates a unique methodology: the fusion of revelatory “embodied cognition” and “cognition via knowledge/ abstraction.” Viewed in this light, the purpose or function of semiotics is not limited to understanding signs and sign relations or uncovering laws governing the evolution of semiosis, but more importantly it embraces the improvement of mental capacity, the expansion of cognitive space, and the liberation of human thinking.
Digital Cosmetics
Authors: Leone Massimo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The earliest extant depictions of the human face are not simply realistic but represented through specific technologies (means) and techniques (styles). In these representations, the face was probably idealized in order to empower its agency through simulacra. The history of art sees humans become increasingly aware of the impact of technology and technique on the production of visual representations of the face. With photography, and even more so with its digital version, technology is developed, hidden, and miniaturized so as to democratize and market technique. The result, however, a naturalization of technology, is increasingly problematic in the era of algorithms: artificial intelligence absorbs the social bias of its engineers. This is particularly evident in the domain of “digital cosmetics”: successful apps are used to process and share billions of facial images, yet few critically reflect on the aesthetic ideology underpinning them. This is an urgent task for visual, social, and cultural semiotics.
Chirality analysis of helical polymers
Authors: Nakano Tamaki , Pietropaolo Adriana , Kamata Masahiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Optically active macromolecules, having a preferred- or single-handed helical conformation, play important roles in polymeric materials and in life. This article presents how helical polymers can be assessed from a view of chirality. These assessments, based on optical rotation (OR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectral measurements with associated information, include theoretical spectral calculations as well as chromatographic resolution. Specific applied examples are discussed for poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl) and derivatives, stereoregular polyolefins bearing centers of chirality in the side chain, isotactic poly(triphenylmethyl methacrylate), and π-stacked poly(dibenzofulvene). For more convincing establishment of a helix, it is important to correlate chiroptical properties with related information such as molar-mass effects, temperature effects, and chemical transformation effects on the properties. Helices of the polyolefins and poly(TrMA) were confirmed considering these aspects. In addition, comparison of chiroptical properties between the polymer in question and a monomeric unit model compound generally helps to confirm a helix. There are no general, reliable methods to quantify helical sense excess. On the other hand, absolute helical sense can be determined by comparing experimental and theoretical CD spectra as well as considering exciton coupling effects in CD spectra. The former method can be more generally applied for a wide range of polymers as far as a good model for calculations is designed, while the latter can be more conveniently and empirically applied for a certain class of polymer structures that are suited to exhibit exciton coupling without using computers.
Making sense of rapid antigen testing in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnostics
Authors: Mattiuzzi Camilla , Henry Brandon M. , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Although the most effective strategy for preventing or containing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks relies on early diagnosis, the paramount and unprecedented number of tests needed to fully achieve this target is overwhelming worldwide testing supply and capacity. Molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs is still considered the reference diagnostic approach. Nonetheless, identification of SARS-CoV-2 proteins in upper respiratory tract specimens and/or saliva by means of rapid (antigen) immunoassays is emerging as a promising screening approach. These tests have some advantages compared to molecular analysis, such as point of care availability, no need of skilled personnel and dedicated instrumentation, lower costs and short turnaround time. However, these advantages are counterbalanced by lower diagnostic sensitivity compared to molecular testing, which would only enable to identifying patients with higher SARS-CoV-2 viral load. The evidence accumulated to-date has hence persuaded us to develop a tentative algorithm, which would magnify the potential benefits of rapid antigen testing in SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics.
How the Better Reason Wins
Authors: Pollok Anne 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper considers Mendelssohn’s attempt at a definition of Enlightenment in terms of Bildung, comprising the theoretical element of the enlightenment of reason with the practical requirements of culture. To avoid a possible dialectics of enlightenment, where the very methods one uses to enlighten harbour the seeds of new blindness, Mendelssohn advocates considering the lively connections between people, the role of traditions and personal relations in the formation of an individual self, and the connections we should have to our past, present, and future. Thus, his essay from 1784 can be read as an apt defence of a dialogical notion of freedom within the Enlightenment era.
Musonius Rufus, Cleanthes, and the Stoic Community at Rome
Authors: Harriman Benjamin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSurprisingly little attention has been devoted to Musonius Rufus, a noted teacher and philosopher in first–century CE Rome, despite ample evidence for his impact in the period. This paper attempts to situate Musonius in relation to his philosophical predecessors in order to clarify both the contemporary status of the Stoic tradition and the value of engaging with the central figures of that school’s history. I make the case for seeing Cleanthes as a particularly prominent predecessor for Musonius and reaffirm the importance of framing his philosophical commitments in the context of the Stoic tradition. On this latter point, I attempt to connect Musonius’ perspective onaskesisand moral development with that of Posidonius (and Seneca). In doing so, I push back against the sometimes overly schematic intellectualism attributed to Stoic ethics generally.
Curcumin-loaded polyvinyl butyral film with antibacterial activity
Authors: Qiao Yanchao , Duan Lijie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Antibacterial materials have found widespread interest in different fields nowadays. In this study, curcumin (Cur) was incorporated into the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) matrix by dissolving in ethanol for improving the functional properties of a pure PVB film. We found that Cur was uniformly dispersed in the PVB matrix, which showed good compatibility. Moreover, the incorporation of Cur could also improve thermal stability, hydrophilicity, and mechanical property. The UV-vis spectra of the PVB–Cur film demonstrated that the film could block ultraviolet radiation. Subsequently, the antibacterial activity of the PVB–Cur film was measured by the colony-counting method against S. aureus and E. coli. The results showed that the PVB–Cur film exhibited good antibacterial activity. Therefore, the PVB–Cur film was considered as a promising material for food and medical packaging applications.
Cultural landscape of the Gorica Hills in the nineteenth century: Franciscean land cadastre reports as the source for clarification of the classification of cultivable land types
Authors: Gomiršek Tanja 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Gorica Hills (Slovene Goriška brda and also Brda) represent a part of the hilly cultural landscapes in the northern Mediterranean. Because of the historical development of the states, the Gorica Hills are situated on the Slovenian western border. The Gorica Hills have been a synonym for a cultivated landscape since the Middle Ages. New studies have changed the pre-existing belief that the cultivation method and crop types have not changed through the centuries, except for the introduction of corn and potatoes. However, detailed descriptions of the cultivation methods and the types of predominant crops in the cadastre show that during the nineteenth century, and especially in the period after World War I, the cultivation method of the vine and the types of crops, in fact, changed significantly. At this point, the nineteenth century can be seen as the period of the final introduction of corn and potatoes. Thus, the cultural landscape of the Gorica Hills is the result of the responses to inside and outside economic and cultural pulses. The paper will point out the advantages of the land cadastre reports that were used in the reconstruction of the cultural landscape. It will also present the questions that have remained unanswered and are left open for further research.