bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech assessment in Down's Syndrome Children
Authors: Foda M I M , Nassar J F , Baraka M A S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Down syndrome (DS) is the most prevalent chromosomal disorder appearing in 1 in 800 use births. The incidence rate is higher in mothers of aging above 35-years-old and increases with further advances in maternal age. It is named after John Langdon Down, the British doctor who fully described the syndrome in 1866.

Aim of the work
The aim of this study was to analyze the speech of children with Down's syndrome, in order to detect types and significance of speech disorders affecting speech intelligibility: to assist in putting the best strategy for therapy.

Patients and Method
Study design: A cross sectional study.

Participants
The study was conducted through 2 unfamiliar adult raters on 30 children with Down's syndrome regardless of sex. They were recruited among cases attending the Phoniatric Outpatient Clinic, Ain Shams University who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study.

Conclusion and Recommendations
Based on the obtained results, Children with Down's syndrome have specific health needs that must be identified to help their particular problems in communication. They present with deficits in receptive and expressive language. Also, speech is particularly impaired in high percentage of those children. Children with Down syndrome could not clearly deliver their speech as their peers. The findings confirmed that all the children with DS showed at least one speech disorder affecting their speech intelligibility.

Recommendations
Of course, the above observations can only be considered preliminary and many more data and researches are needed by clinicians as people with Down's syndrome can now live to be much older than they could in the past and most wish to reach their maximum potential. Therefore, the clinicians should apply their skills in the differential diagnosis of speech disorders to children with DS and search for measures for the other types of speech disorders can't be assessed in our work (like motor speech disorders which were present in a high percentage in our study group), allowing better interventions to target the cause of the disorder in each individual and improve their quality of life.
Health Education Intervention Program for Osteoporosis Prevention among Female Employees of the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company
Authors: Ebrahim D A , Boulos D N K , Abdulrahman S A , Baioumy E M , Sabbour S M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Osteoporosis is a growing public health problem associated with aging of the population. Awareness programs have the potential to reduce osteoporosis risk as many risk factors are modifiable.

Objectives
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis among female employees working at the EETC, to design, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a health education program on osteoporosis and its prevention.

Methods
The study was conducted from July 2016 to August 2017 at the outpatient clinics of the EETC. The first step was a cross sectional study to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis among the EETC employees using DEXA. This was followed by a pre/post intervention study. Sample size was 185 female participants aged 50 years old and above. The educational program included two sessions 45-60 min each, with two follow ups in person and by telephone in addition to distribution of educational material. At baseline and post intervention a self-administered questionnaire, Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT) and Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale (OHBS) were used to determine participants’ knowledge, beliefs and self- reported practices.

Results
Among 185 study participants 45 (24.3%) were osteoporotic, 100 (54.1%) had osteopenia while 40 (21.6%) were normal. Post intervention there was a significant increase in OKAT mean score ± SD (from 8.54 ± 3.46–12.26 ± 2.48, paired t test = 21.46 P = 0.001). Similarly, the seven subscales of the OHBS showed significant improvement of the attitude towards osteoporosis (P &lt; 0.001). Self-reported practices concerning physical activity, dairy products and caffeine consumption, vitamin D and calcium supplementation showed statistically significant improvement following the education sessions.

Conclusion
Osteopenia is highly prevalent among study participants. The osteoporosis education intervention was effective in improving knowledge, changing health beliefs and preventive behavior.
Assessment of the possible association between phthalate exposure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in egyptian children
Authors: Mohamed S R , Mohammed N E A , Elzohairy E A M , Abdelsalam M H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood. Phthalates are industrial chemicals often used in personal care products and to soften plastics in toys and household items such as food containers, and medical devices. Animal studies have reported that the phthalate compound might cause hyperactivity and impulsivity in rats. However, the relation between phthalates and ADHD in human is still controversial.

Objective
The aim of our study is to investigate the possible association between urinary phthalate metabolite levels and attention deficit disorder, learning disability in 6–12-years old children.

Methods
Urine samples were obtained from 80 children. All children were selected from the attendants of Abu elreesh child psychiatry outpatient clinic, Cairo University. subjects were divided into two main groups Group A consisted of 50 children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosed by psychiatric consultant and Group B consisted of 30 normal children. In urine, mono butyl phthalate (MBP) metabolite were measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results
The mean concentration of MBP level was (15.539±8.316) for cases (group A) and (8.085 ±2.426) for controls (group B) with significant difference between groups. Also there was significant correlation with processing milk, plastic containers, toys, cosmetics, wall, and floor material containing phthalate exposure and higher level of (MBP) in urine of group A.

Conclusion
The present study showed association between phthalate metabolites in urine and symptoms of ADHD among school-age children.
Complications of Neck Dissection in Thyroid Malignancy
Authors: Alaaeldin H A , Farahat M S , Elhoofy A N K , Yonis A M M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The normal thyroid gland is caudal to the larynx and encircles the anterolateral portion of the trachea. It is about 10 to 20 grams in weight in normal adults.

Aim of the Work
The aim of this study is to characterize the morbidity and complications of neck dissection in thyroid malignancy.

Patients and Methods
The present study will include 20 patients with thyroid cancer. All patients will undergo total thyroidectomy plus neck dissection. Neck dissection procedure was performed unilaterally in 16 patients (80%), and bilaterally in 4 (20%), making a total of 24 ND procedures.

Results
There were fifteen females (75%) and five males (52%), their age ranged between 26 and 70 years with a mean of 50 years. All patients were subjected to thorough history taking, complete clinical examination and vocal cord assessment by indirect laryngoscopy. Laboratory investigations (T3, T4, TSH, serum Ca, and routine laboratory work up), followed by neck ultrasonography (US), and computed tomography (CT) were performed for all patients, as well as chest X-ray, and CT chest when needed. Biopsy from suspicious thyroid lesion and suspicious cervical LNs (whether blind or US guided) was performed.

Conclusion
Morbidity and complications of neck dissection are numerous and variable so meticulous dissection is needed.
Risk Factors of Pancreatic leakage AfterWhipple’s Procedure
Authors: Elshamy A M , El-Sobky A S , Ahmed S A , Mansour S M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Pancreaticoduedenectomy is the operative of choice in cases of resectable tumors of the periampullary region. Critical step in pancreatic surgery is no longer the resection itself but the reconstruction of the pancreaticoenteric anastomosis. Different methods of pancreatic reconstruction have been proposed aiming to limit the rate of leakage of pancreatic anastomosis.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the risk factors of pancreatic remnant leakage after Whipple’s procedure as regards risk factors of the diameter of the pancereatic duct and the texture of the pancereatic remnant during operation (soft or firm).

Patients and Methods
A prospective study conducted on 30 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in Ain Shams University Hospitals during the period from June 2012 to June 2018 to evaluate the risk factors of pancreatic leakage after Whipple’s procedure regarding pancreatic duct diameter and pancreatic remnant texture.

Results
60% of leakage group had soft pancreas and narrow pancreatic duct less than 3mm, while 40% of non leakage group had soft pancreas and narrow pancreatic duct less than 3mm.

Conclusion
strong correlation between postoperative pancreatic leakage and narrow pancreatic duct as well as soft pancreas. Statistics proved that correlation and also, the relation of high mortality rate among those who developed postoperative pancreatic fistula.
Single Scrotal Incision Orchiopexy in Children with Palpable Undescended Testis
Authors: Elatrash O A , Eldebeiky M S , Elsherbeny M S , Elhoofy A N , Hassan E A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Undescended testis or cryptorchidism is one of the most common congenital abnormalities of the genitourinary system in young boys, approximately 1-2% of boys at the age of 1 year have undescended testis, the disorder being unilateral in about 90% of cases and bilateral in about 10%.

Aim of the Work
We conducted this prospective study to assess the efficacy and safety of single-incision, transscrotal orchidopexy in children with palpable UDT.

Patients and Methods
A prospective study was adopted to fulfill the purpose of the study. The study was conducted at Pediatric Surgery Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals in Cairo. The included study population was pediatric patients with palpable, inguinal mal-descended testes who attend to Pediatric Surgery Outpatient Clinic, Ain Shams University Hospital till the fulfillment of the sample size.

Results
The most common sites of undescended testis were intracanalicular and scrotal neck regions. The most common postoperative complication was scrotal edema. Mean operating time was 21 minutes. There was no significant difference in the testicular size pre and post operative.

Conclusion
Based on these results, we concluded that the undescended testis represents a common pediatric problem requiring surgical intervention. Trans-scrotal orchidopexy is an effective, less invasive and highly acceptable cosmetically approach for the treatment of palpable undescended testis.
Outcomes of Nissen Fundoplication surgery for neonates & infant with gastero-oesophageal reflux disease in Ain Shams university Hospitals
Authors: Elzoghby A , Rafik H , Hesham M , Elshafey M S M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of Nissen fundoplication surgery for neonates and infants with Gastro-oesophageal Reflux disease in Ain Shams university Hospital . from June 2016 till June 2017 13 infant were evaluated to symptoms and signs of recurrence of reflux as (chest symptoms, malnutrition, dysphagia, hematemesis and melena) and assessment of contrast swallow. 8 patient show complete resolve of GERD symptoms, 3 patient show mild chest symptoms relieved by treatment, 2 patient show dysphagia and malnutrition and one of them show recurrence and need re-operation. In conclusion Nissen fundoplication is an effective operation to correct gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children when the drug therapy fails.

Background
Gastro-oesophageal Reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most recognized disorders among neonates and infants. GERD usually resolves physiologically after the developmental maturation of the lower oesophageal sphincter and lengthening of the intra-abdominal esophagus in the early months after birth (Czinn & Blanchard, 2013). Generally, the incidence of GERD is 85% in infants which occurs 1.6 times more inmales than females .Prevalence of GER decreases to 18% in childhood. However; symptoms of (GERD) in infants include coughing or choking, vomiting, chronic respiratory problems, growth failure, sleeping problems, and apnoea. GERD can also be life-threatening and affect the quality of life (Kültürsay, 2012). The current study, a consecutive sample of 13 infant with GERD were retrospectively analysed to investigate the outcomes of Nissen fundoplication surgery

Methods
In this study 13 infant were selected, retrospectively analyzed for outcomes of Nissen fundoplication surgery. Patient were analysed for clinical and radiological signs of GERD.

Results
8 patient show complete resolve of GERD symptoms, 3 patient show mild chest symptoms relieved by treatment, 2 patient show dysphagia and malnutrition and of them show recurrence and need re-operation .

Conclusion
Given these results, it is reasonable to believe that Nissen fundoplication is an effective operation to correct gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children when the drug therapy fails. The operation should be done before occurrence of complications to decrease the recurrence of reflux.
Mesh Fixation versus Non Fixation in Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Lachin A B , Abdrabbu A A , Darwish A A F , Ali M M K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
inguinal hernia repair is the most common procedure in general and visceral surgery worldwide. Several studies have shown that laparoscopic repair offers the advantage of minimally invasive surgery to the patient. The mesh can be placed without fixation or can be fixed into place with tuckers.

Aim of the Work
this study aimed to compare mesh fixation versus non-fixation in laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair of inguinal hernia, as regards the operation time, hospitalization, postoperative complication, recurrence and chronic pain.

Patients and Methods
sixty adult males with inguinal hernia were repaired with laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair, divided into; mesh fixation group (n = 35) versus non-fixation group (n = 25), and certain parameters were assessed during the operative, postoperative and follow-up periods.

Results
mean operation time and mean hospital stay time were significantly higher in mesh fixation group than non-fixation group. VAS scores 2days, 3months, and 6months postoperative were less for non-fixation group. Non-significant difference was found between both groups regarding intraoperative injury, hernia recurrence, wound seroma, mesh infection, chronic pain, return to physical activity.

Conclusion
TAPP inguinal hernioplasty without mesh fixation does not increase recurrence rate, but reduces operative duration, hospital stay duration and decreases the incidence of postoperative pain.
Evaluation of Direct versus Delayed Bariatric Surgery after Extraction of Intragastric Balloon
Authors: Sabry A A , Helmy M M , Mohamed K M S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Obesity is nowadays considered as one of the public health problem which is associated with a great variety of diseases, most notably affecting the cardiovascular system.

Aim of the Work
is to evaluate and compare between the outcome of bariatric surgery directly after Intragastric balloon extraction versus delayed bariatric surgery (six weeks to three months) following balloon extraction.

Patients and Methods
The study was a Prospective Randomized study which included 30 patients who underwent a planned mini gastric bypass surgery following an intragastric balloon extraction. The patients were divided according to time of surgery to 2 groups: Group A (15patients): Delayed Second scheduled surgery after balloon extraction (6 weeks to 3 months). Group B (15 patients) Immediate surgery in the same session of balloon extraction.

Results
The mean age of the study was 35.36 years ranging from 21 to 50 years with ±8.227 standard deviation. The mean age of Group A was 35.6 versus 35.13 in Group B. The mean weight of the patients was 112.5±9.8kg ranging from 95 kg to 145kg. The mean weight of Group A was 110.13±8.27 versus 114.86±10.88 in Group B. The mean BMI of the study was 46.46±4.7 ranging from 38 to 60. The mean BMI for Group A was 45.66 versus 47.26 for Group B.

Conclusion
We concluded that a delayed bariatric surgery following an extraction of the balloon is more favorable than a same session surgery and extraction of the balloon in terms of duration of the operation, hospital stay and early post-operative complications.
Multiple Hepatic Veins Reconstruction in Right Lobe Grafts in Living Donor Liver Transplantation … Accept or Reject?
Authors: Al-Meteini M A S , Bahaaeldin M M , Elsayed K M K , Sadary A S N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
chronic liver disease and cirrhosis are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Moreover, the burden of chronic liver disease is projected to increase due in part to the increasing prevalence of end-stage liver disease and HCC secondary to NAFLD and HCV.

Aim of the Work
in this study we will aim to clarify the importance of adequate venous drainage in right lobe grafts in living donor liver transplantation to determine its impact on the graft survival and avoidance of small for size graft syndrome as regard operative time, operative mortality rates (throughout the first month), normalization of liver functions and 6 month, 1 year survival rates of the patients.

Patients and Methods
our study population includes all the patients who performed right lobe living donor liver transplantation from January 2014 till June 2018 at the liver transplantation unit at Ain Shams Specialized University Hospital and will be classified in our study into 2 groups:

First group
Patients for whom we performed a single venous anastmosis including 42 cases.

Second group
Patients for whom we performed multiple venous anastmoses whether an additional single or double or triple anastmoses including 43 cases.

Results
our study was held as a retrospective cohort study to compare between the patients who received a single venous anastmosis as the first group (n = 42) and the patients who received multiple venous anastmosis as the second group (n = 43).

Conclusion
so here we can declare, according to our results, that the second group has better survival rates, less mortality rates, better graft survival, better course when daily follow up with full labs is done concerning platelets levels, ALT, direct bilirubin, INR and according to those results we highly recommend multiple hepatic venous anastmosis, if indicated, to acheive the best results in every single LDLT despite the longer cold and warm ischemic time.
Endovenous Laser Ablation and Radiofrequency Ablation versus Conventional Surgery in Treatment of Primary Varicose Vein of the Lower Limb)Prospective Randomized Controlled Study)
Authors: Bahaaeldin M M , Rady M A H , Dessouki A M E , Abdelhamid H I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of primary varicose vein are thought to minimize postoperative morbidity and reduce work loss compared with the conventional surgical procedure.

Aim of the Work
to determine, whether endovenous ablation (radiofrequency and laser) have any advantages or disadvantages in comparison with conventional surgery, in the treatment of primary varicose vein.

Patients and Methods
this is a prospective randomized study. Thirty Patients presented at Vascular Outpatient Clinic for management of chronic venous insufficiency. All patients underwent clinical examination and duplex ultrasonography. Ten (10) patients were treated with ligation and stripping of the GSV or SSV. Ten (10) patients were treated with Radiofrequency ablation. Ten (10) patients were treated with endovenous laser ablation. The study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals and Helwan University Hospitals. The study took place from September 2017 to June 2018.

Results
Compared with conventional surgery, endovenous ablation methods reduce postoperative discomfort and pain, with a lower complication rate after treatment for avoidance of a groin incision and dissection at the saphenofemoral confluence. Cosmetic demands are also better satisfied. However, risks of EVLA and RFA remain in terms of recanalization and neoreflux via junctional tributaries.

Conclusion
RFA and EVLA are minimally invasive procedures. Their potential early benefits, by avoiding groin dissection and GSV stripping, have been confirmed by the findings from this trial. Current evidence based on randomized trials consistently demonstrates significant early benefits after RFA and EVLA in suitable patients with varicose veins.
Comparative Study between Conventional Surgery and Radiofrequency Ablation in Treatment of Varicose Vein
Authors: Elian W A , Mohamed M I , Aborahma M Z 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Varicose veins are a very common problem all over the world. Surgery has been the gold standard treatment for many years, however now other less invasive options are available and sometimes more efficient.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the RFA technique in treatment of GSV varicosities and to compare the results, clinical outcome, complications and recurrence rate after RFA and CS of GSV.

Patients and Methods
This observational retrospective study included 41 patients with varicose vein recruited from general surgery department and vascular surgery unit at Ain Shams Hospitals and in Nasser Institute for Research and Treatment.

Results
Operative time was significantly less in CS compared to RFA. One , six and twelve months post intervention follow up using clinical examination and duplex imaging were used to asses outcome and detect complications and recurrence rate. No major complications were detected after both techniques; however minor post operative complications like paresthesia and ecchymosis were significantly less after RFA. Post operative pain, duration of analgesia use and time needed to return to normal activity were also significantly less in RFA group than CS group. Recanalization of GSV was not detected after radiofrequency maneuver nor CS. This study proved that radiofrequency ablation technique is a safe and efficient in treating varicose veins however long-term results and cost effectiveness need further evaluation.

Conclusion
Conventional surgery has been used for a long time for treatment of varicose veins with variable degrees of minor to major complications. Duplex guided radiofrequency ablation is an efficient and a safe modality in the treatment of great saphenous vein varicosities. Of most importance is an adequate Duplex scan to identify accessory channels and double superficial systems.