bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoarthritis: Review of Etiopathology, Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Pandey Suresh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis in the world characterized by articular cartilage degeneration with inflammatory components in ageing population. It involves about 10% of adult population and is among the most disabling disease condition. It is multifactorial in its etiology with a number of non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors. Ageing is the most important risk factor followed by obesity in probably genetically susceptible individuals. The end result of inflammation and articular cartilage degeneration arising from repeated overloading of joint, mechanical or biochemical imbalance of repair and degeneration affects not only joint cartilage but also subchondral bone and periarticular structures. Patient mainly presents with variable degree of pain, stiffness and functional limitation with or without swelling and deformity. Diagnosis is clinical and plain imaging is useful for documentation, to see the grading and plan the suitable treatment. There are a number of treatment options in practice each having their pros and cons but no single treatment method is superior to all. There is no cure for it but judicious use of non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures, often in combination in tailored fashion help to ease the patient’s symptoms. Operative intervention in the form of arthroplasty is reserved for end stage arthritis with disabling symptoms not responding with conservative management. Numerous newer treatment modalities are under different phases of clinical trial to test the efficacy and clinical use.
Aim of this narrative review article is to analyze literatures obtained from electronic database and present the synthesized relevant clinical update on etiopathology, diagnosis and treatment modalities of symptomatic osteoarthritis.
Complications of Kidney Biopsy in a Tertiary Hospital of Central Nepal, Chitwan
Authors: Ghimire Madhav , Vaidya Shreeju , Upadhyay Hari Prasad 
Published: July 2020

Background: Kidney biopsy is an important diagnostic tool in Nephrology and is said to berelatively a safe procedure.There are limited studies in the complications of kidney biopsy from this region. We therefore thought of looking into the complications of kidney biopsy and its risk factors.
Methods: A hospital based analytical cross sectional study was carried out over a period of 3 years. Kidney biopsies were done under ultrasonography guidance. The complications and its risk factors were recorded and were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, ratio, percentage and chi square.
Results: A total of 210 patients were analysed. The mean± standard deviation of 210 patients was 35.7±14.9 years. The commonest minor complication was biopsy site pain not requiring analgesics 136 (64.8%)and the commonest major complication was biopsy site pain requiring analgesics 18(8.6%) followed by perinephric hematoma 10 (4.8%).There was a significant association between low platelet count and the development of complications like pain requiring analgesic (p value 0.04), perinephric hematoma (p value 0.022) and gross hematuria (p value 0.011).
Conclusions: Kidney biopsy is a safe procedure and low platelet count is a significant risk factor for complications (p value <0.05).
Keywords: complications; kidney biopsy; perinephric hematoma; platelet count.
Pengaruh Bimbingan Kelompok Dengan Teknik Reinforcement Positif Dan Self Management Untuk Meningkatkan Konsentrasi Belajar
Authors: Saputra Yogie Wahyu Ari 
Published: July 2020

This study aims to examine the group guidance on reinforcement positive and self management techniques on increasing student concentration. This research was carried out in class VIII SMP N 8 Magelang. This Study uses a pretest-posttest control group design. The sampel taken in this study was 16 students with the devision of 8 students as the experimental group one and 8 as the eksperimental group two. Sampling using cluster random sampling technique. Data collection in this study was carried out using a learning concentration. The data analysis method used is the One Way Anova parametric analysis. The results Showed that the group guidance on Reinforcement pisitive and Self Management techniques on increasing student concentration. This can be proven from the Anova test result in the experimental group with the probability value of Sig. 0,00<0,05 (2-Tailed). Based one the results of the analysis and discussion there is a difference in the score of the learning concentration scale between the exsperimental group one and the exksperimental group two which is 23,49 % higher than the eksperimental group two 14,01 %. The results of the study can be concluded that the group guidance of behavioral Reinforcement pisitive and Self Management techniques on increase student concentration.
Ecological panels as an alternative for waste from mechanical processing of Amazonian species
Authors: Marques Marcos , Nascimento Claudete Catanhede do , Araujo Roberto Daniel de 
Published: July 2020

The wood residues resulting from the operational phases in companies in the forestry market are normally considered by-products and, therefore, are discarded or reused for energy production, however, this material has a greater potential, such as the generation of new products through agglutination, which may generate a new segment in the wood industry, causing competition between products of native and planted species. This research aimed to develop agglomerated panels using residues of two tree species from the Amazon (Dinizia excelsa Ducke and Manilkara huberi (Ducke) Chevalier) and a mixture of commercial Amazonian species of high density, with the purpose of greater added value and a possible solution to reduce the negative environmental impacts of carbon emissions. The experimental design consisted of three treatments with five repetitions in each. Experimental panels were produced with a nominal density of 0.80 g/cm³, using castor oil-based resin with 10% percentages. The panels were pressed with a pressure of 10 MPa, temperature of 100ºC and with a pressing time of 10 minutes. The evaluations of the results obtained were compared with the ANSI A208.1 / 2009 standard and with the literature on agglomerated panels of tropical species. In physical properties, the panels showed compliance with the values found in the literature, however, they are outside the standard of the norm. Regarding the mechanical properties, the MOR values classify the panels in the medium to high density standard in accordance with the standard. The results of the MOE are superior to those of the existing literature, with emphasis on the perpendicular traction that presents values consistent with the literature. The machining evaluations carried out according to ASTM D 1666-11 / 2011, show a good quality in the finish. In general analysis and in compliance with the regulations, all panels have economic viability and potential for industrialization.
Developing and verifying automatic detection of active pulmonary tuberculosis from multi-slice spiral CT images based on deep learning
Authors: Ma Luyao , Wang Yun , Guo Lin , Zhang Yu , Wang Ping , Pei Xu , Qian Lingjun , Jaeger Stefan , Ke Xiaowen , Yin Xiaoping , Lure Fleming Y.M. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE: Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) images is a difficult task in many TB prevalent locations in which experienced radiologists are lacking. To address this difficulty, we develop an automated detection system based on artificial intelligence (AI) in this study to simplify the diagnostic process of active tuberculosis (ATB) and improve the diagnostic accuracy using CT images. DATA: A CT image dataset of 846 patients is retrospectively collected from a large teaching hospital. The gold standard for ATB patients is sputum smear, and the gold standard for normal and pneumonia patients is the CT report result. The dataset is divided into independent training and testing data subsets. The training data contains 337 ATB, 110 pneumonia, and 120 normal cases, while the testing data contains 139 ATB, 40 pneumonia, and 100 normal cases, respectively. METHODS: A U-Net deep learning algorithm was applied for automatic detection and segmentation of ATB lesions. Image processing methods are then applied to CT layers diagnosed as ATB lesions by U-Net, which can detect potentially misdiagnosed layers, and can turn 2D ATB lesions into 3D lesions based on consecutive U-Net annotations. Finally, independent test data is used to evaluate the performance of the developed AI tool. RESULTS: For an independent test, the AI tool yields an AUC value of 0.980. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value are 0.968, 0.964, 0.971, 0.971, and 0.964, respectively, which shows that the AI tool performs well for detection of ATB and differential diagnosis of non-ATB (i.e. pneumonia and normal cases). CONCLUSION: An AI tool for automatic detection of ATB in chest CT is successfully developed in this study. The AI tool can accurately detect ATB patients, and distinguish between ATB and non- ATB cases, which simplifies the diagnosis process and lays a solid foundation for the next step of AI in CT diagnosis of ATB in clinical application.
Comparison of extractive distillation flowsheets for methanol–tetrahydrofuran–water mixtures
Authors: Raeva V. M. , Dubrovsky A. M. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives. Synthesis and comparative analysis of the extractive distillation flowsheets for aqueous mixtures of solvents utilized in pharmaceutical industries using the example of a methanol−tetrahydrofuran−water system with various compositions. The ternary system contains two minimally boiling azeotropes that exist in a vapor–liquid phase equilibrium. To evaluate the selective effect of glycerol, the phase equilibria of the methanol–tetrahydrofuran–water and methanol–tetrahydrofuran–water–glycerol systems at 101.32 kPa were studied.Methods. The calculations were carried out in the Aspen Plus V.9.0 software package. The vapor–liquid equilibria were simulated using the non-random two-liquid (NRTL) equation with the binary interaction parameters of the software package database. To account for the non-ideal behavior of the vapor phase, the Redlich–Kwong equation of state was used. The calculations of the extractive distillation schemes were carried out at 101.32 kPa.Results. The conceptual flowsheets of extractive distillation are proposed. The flowsheets consist of three (schemes I–III) or four (scheme IV) distillation columns operating at atmospheric pressure. In schemes I and II, the extractive distillation of the mixtures is carried out with tetrahydrofuran isolation occurring in the distillate stream. Further separation in the schemes differs in the order of glycerol isolation: in the third column for scheme I (traditional extractive distillation complex) or in the second column for scheme II (two-column extractive distillation complex + methanol/water separation column). Sсheme III caters to the complete dehydration of the basic ternary mixtures, followed by the extractive distillation of the azeotropic methanol–tetrahydrofuran system, also with glycerol. Sсheme IV includes a preconcentration column (for the partial removal of water) and a traditional extractive distillation complex.Conclusions. According to the criterion of least energy consumption for separation (the total load of the reboilers of distillation columns), sсheme I (a traditional complex of extractive distillation) is recommended. Additionally, the energy expended for the separation of the basic equimolar mixture using glycerol as the extractive agent was compared with that expended using another selective agent: 1,2-ethanediol. Glycerol is an effective extractive agent because it reduces energy consumption, in comparison with 1,2-ethanediol, by more than 5%.
An effective method for preparation of high purity oligohexamethylene guanidine salts
Authors: Ivanov I. S. , Shatalov D. O. , Kedik S. A. , Sedishev I. P. , Beliakov S. V. , Trachuk K. N. , Komarova V. V. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives. Given that microorganisms can become resistant to certain groups of drugs and considering also their ability to form biofilms, the development of new drugs that are active against adapted microflora is required. This study focused on the development of a new method for the synthesis of a promising compound, the branched hydrosuccinate oligohexamethylene guanidine (OHMGsucc), with high purity that meets the standards of the 14th edition State Pharmacopeia of the Russian Federation (SPRF). Previously proposed methods have managed to isolate this product, which, however, complies with the requirements of the outdated SPRF. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to update the regulatory framework for the indicated OHMG salt for its further use in the pharmaceutical industry according to modern standards.Methods. To control the residual impurities of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and guanidine hydrochloride (GHC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied using a Thermo Scientific Dionex UltiMate 3000 chromatograph, and the chromatographic signals of the test solution with those of a standard sample solution obtained by a previously published conventional method were compared.Results. The HPLC experimental data indicated a significant difference in the quantitative content of HMDA and GHC observed for the new and older preparation method of the branched OHMGsucc, suggesting that the method disclosed in this article can be used to obtain highly pure OHMGsucc.Conclusions. The specified compound was standardized with the parameter “related impurities” according to the current (14th) edition of the SPRF. The effectiveness and reproducibility of the proposed method was experimentally confirmed. In addition, a process diagram for the preparation of the indicated OHMG salt was prepared.
Supplemental enzyme in artificial diets for north african catfish larvae Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822
Authors: Cahyadi Ucu , Jusadi Dedi , Fauzi Ichsan Ahmad , Sunarma Ade 
Published: July 2020

Supplemental enzyme in artificial diets with difference doses for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (initial weight of 0.0048±0.0001 g and total length 0.7633±0.0392 cm) were examined for 12 days feeding trial. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness supplemental enzymes in diets for growth performance of catfish larvae. Tubifex sp. (control) and a multi enzyme was included at the level of 0.00 (ME0), 1.00 (ME1) and 2.00 g kg-1 (ME2 diet as a test diets. Each of the four experimental diets was randomly assigned to four plicate groups. Larva was allocated into 150 L aquaria at a density of 1350 larvae per aquarium. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20, followed by Duncan’s test. The result showed that the survival rate and condition factors were no statistical difference between experimental diets and control group. The highest final length, final weight, total food consumption, villi length and enzymes activity were recorded in the Control (P<0.05) and significantly different with other treatments. Feed efficiency’s control significantly different with other. Harvest size distribution, in the small size group (1-2 cm) did not show significantly different, in the medium size group (2-3 cm) and large size group (3-5 cm) the Tubifex sp. treatment were significantly different from the other treatments (P<0.05) whereas between ME0, ME1 and ME2 treatments were not significantly different. Among the supplemental enzyme in test diets, ME2 can improve weight and total length 6.25% and 13.4%, respectively than ME0 treatment. The results suggested that enzyme supplementation can improve intestinal structure and growth performance of catfish larvae. The supplemental enzyme in diets with doses up to 2 g kg-1 can increase intestinal villi’s length but have not been able to increase fish growth performance as use worm.
Investigation of methylene blue adsorption capacity of porous chitosan particles
Authors: Ngọc Trần Quang , Nguyen Hoang Thi Trang , Thang Vo Nhat 
Published: July 2020

Chitosan obtained from shrimp shells and SiO2 nanoparticles obtained from rice husk ash were used to synthesize chitosan - SiO2 composite materials. In order to obtain a porous chitosan adsorbent, the SiO2 particles in the chitosan - SiO2 composite material were removed with NaOH solution. With the orientation of applying adsorbent in wastewater treatment of textile industry, the ability of methylene blue adsorption of chitosan with porous structure has been investigated. Survey results show that chitosan has porous structure with good adsorption capacity of methylene blue. The adsorption capacity of materials depends on many factors such as: structure of particles; pH of adsorption medium and temperature. Adsorbent material is made of composite chitosan - SiO2 with the ratio of chitosan/SiO2 equal to 1/1 (w/w) with the best adsorption capacity. Materials with good adsorption capacity at pH = 6, at low pH, the adsorption capacity of the material is significantly reduced. Temperature has a great influence on the adsorption capacity of the material. The suitable temperature for adsorption of materials is 40 oC. With a higher temperature, the desorption process will be accelerated. This makes the adsorption capacity of the material decrease. The maximum methylene blue adsorption capacity of the material is determined about 7.25 mg/g after 40 minutes of adsorption time.
MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING BASED APPROACHES IN WEBSITE QUALITY AND USABILITY EVALUATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Adepoju Solomon Adelowo , Oyefolahan Ishaq Oyebisi , Abdullahi Muhammed Bashir , Mohammed Adamu Alhaji 
Published: July 2020

Websites are important in every organisation and tremendous effort is made to design websites that not only look and feel good, but are usable and of high quality. Nevertheless, one critical task is how to evaluate these websites to ensure that users are satisfied with its quality and usability. Although a variety of methods and approaches have been proposed, there is currently an increase in research efforts to model website quality and usability evaluation from the point of view of decision-makers which existing methods do not handle. Thus, this has led to the application of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches in the evaluation of websites to handle complexity in decision-making. This paper, therefore, provides a review of the various MCDM methods that have been used in the usability and quality evaluation of websites. The search strategy which was adopted identified a total of 63 published articles in peer-reviewed journals and international conferences between 2005 and 2017. From the research questions formulated for the study, the papers were classified into various MCDM approaches, website genre, number and list of criteria used over the years and the localization of websites based on country. Some of the findings showed that the Analytical Hierarchy Process approach integrated with fuzzy logic has been the most common method over the years. In addition, e-commerce websites make up the most common website genre. Besides, currently most active websites are from Turkey and five is the average number of criteria for the evaluation of website quality and usability.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA PADA MATA KULIAH KALKULUS LANJUT TAHUN 2018
Authors: Suddin Sulasri 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika pada mata kuliah Kalkulus Lanjut. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika yang memprogramkan mata kuliah Kalkulus Lanjut Tahun Akademik 2018 sejumlah 59 mahasiswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket dengan penilaian menggunakan modifikasi skala likert yang terdiri dari 5 pilihan jawaban. Jumlah item pernyataan dalam angket penelitian sebanyak 20 butir. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pengujian regresi linier berganda melalui program SPSS for Windows versi 22.0. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa faktor internal lebih dominan berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika dibandingkan faktor eksternal. Lebih lanjut, faktor internal dan faktor eksternal berpengaruh signifikan secara simultan atau bersama-sama terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika
Implementation of Linear Stability Theory on Hollow Cone-shaped Liquid Sheet
Authors: Karimaei Hadiseh , Ghorbani Ramin , Hosseinalipour Seyed Mostafa 
Published: July 2020

Surface instability of a swirling liquid sheet emanating from a centrifugal injector in presence of external and internal gas flows is studied in this paper. A three-dimensional flow for the liquid sheet and two-dimensional flows for external and internal gas flows are considered. The set of equations involved in this analysis differs from the earlier analyzes. In previous studies, a cylindrical liquid sheet has been considered to implement the linear theory but in this study, the linear stability theory is implemented on a cone-shaped liquid sheet for different cone angles. Actually more over than axial and tangential movements, the radial movements of liquid sheet and gas flows are considered in the present model. Due to complexity of the derived governing equations, semi-analytical and numerical methods were applied to solve them. The case study is oxidizer injector of rocket engines. Implementation of linear stability theory on a hollow cone-shaped liquid sheet better can predict instability phenomenon than the general linear stability analysis for this type of liquid sheets. The results show very close agreement with available experimental data.
<i>All’s Well That Ends Well</i> and Shakespeare’s Marriage
Authors: Parker R. Brian 
Published: July 2020

Cette note revient sur le peu de faits connus du mariage de Shakespeare, faits qui semblent indiquer une union plus ou moins imposée par la famille d’une femme enceinte, pour proposer une dimension biographique de cette comédie tardive. Justement, l’un des principaux facteurs qui font qualifier All’s Well That Ends Well de «comédie problématique» est le rôle inhabituel joué par le mariage comme marqueur, non pas de la réalisation du désir de deux jeunes amoureux, mais plutôt du triomphe de l’héroïne de la pièce au depens du jeune homme, qui avait résisté à un tel mariage. Ce triomphe s’effectue par un stratégème faisant en sorte que le jeune homme se trouve obligé d’accepter la jeune femme déjà enceinte, et le mélange d’amertume et de honte marquant son attitude aurait bien pu être projeté sur le personnage par un dramaturge plus agé qui reconnaissait, dans son texte source, l’image miroir d’une situation de
sa jeunesse.
"Clear as heav'n:" Herbert's Poetry and Rhetorical "Divinitie"
Authors: Graham Kenneth J. E. 
Published: July 2020

Cet article montre que George Herbert, tout comme d'autres interprètes de cette période, a probablement utilisé une herméneutique rhétorique dans le but de mettre en contexte et d'harmoniser des textes bibliques en apparence contradictoires. On donne premièrement des exemples de ce processus herméneutique à l'aide des réponses d'Érasme et Thomas Swynnerton au problème d'interprétation des textes bibliques sur le pouvoir de la volonté. On examine ensuite l'approche de Herbert dans son exégèse biblique du Country Parson et de la «Divinitie». On montre finalement que l'interprétation de Herbert des passages du Nouveau Testament sur le pouvoir des clés dans le «The Priesthood» et le «Church-Lock and Key», tout comme ceux de Luther, Calvin et Richard Hooker, suggère une influence des habitudes rhétoriques
de la pensée.