bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ther varom mid j hia: Tracing linguistic diffusion in the history of Norwegian using kernel density estimation
Authors: Blaxter Tam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTracing the diffusion of linguistic innovations in space from historical sources is challenging. The complexity of the datasets needed in combination with the noisy reality of historical language data mean that it has not been practical until recently. However, bigger historical corpora with richer spatial and temporal information allow us to attempt it. This paper presents an investigation into changes affecting first person non-singular pronouns in the history of Norwegian: first, individual changes affecting the dual (vit>mit) and plural (vér>mér), followed by loss of the dual-plural distinction by merger into either form or replacement of both by Danish-Swedishvi. To create dynamic spatial visualisations of these changes, the use of kernel density estimation is proposed. This term covers a range of statistical tools depending on the kernel function. The paper argues for a Gaussian kernel in time and an adaptive uniform (k-nearest neighbours) kernel in space, allowing uncertainty or multiple localisation to be incorporated into calculations. The results for this dataset allow us to make a link between Modern Norwegian dialectological patterns and language use in the Middle Ages; they also exemplify different types of diffusion process in the spread of linguistic innovations.
Pragmatic functions of repetitions in spontaneous spoken dialect discourse
Authors: Kumar Danila Zuljan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Repetition is a natural phenomenon employed to perform a variety of cognitive, psychological, interactional, stylistic, didactic and pragmatic functions in spoken and written discourse. Adopting the method of discourse analysis, the study attempts to explore the pragmatic functions of repetitions as used in spoken dialect narrative discourse.
On a propositional level, only those repetitions which establish and maintain co-reference are necessary, all other forms seem to be redundant. However, if we take into account their pragmatic functions, they are not, as the data gathered in the study show. In fact, speakers use them, deliberately or not, as an effective communication strategy in the following functions: to extend the planning time to find a suitable lexeme, to enhance the importance of a lexeme, to emphasize the length of an event, after an interruption, to eliminate uncertainty and to confirm the correctness of the co-speaker’s statement. They also reveal the speakers emotions, like his/her emotional shock, and are used as a part of the so-called conversational duet.
The data include the transcripts of the interviews with 6 dialect speakers in the Brda/Collio region, western Slovenia.
The relationship between tyramine levels and inflammation in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Patel Ajay , Thompson Austin , Abdelmalek Lillian , Adams-Huet Beverley , Jialal Ishwarlal 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important contributor to both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Although MetS affects one third of American adults, its pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Tyramine, a derivative of tyrosine, has been shown to act as a catecholamine releasing agent in the human body. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of tyramine as an early biomarker for nascent MetS without the confounding of T2DM, ASCVD or smoking.

Patients and methods
This was an exploratory study of 28 patients with nascent MetS and 20 matched controls carried out in 2018. Metabolites were evaluated from patient’s frozen early morning urine samples and were correlated with biomarkers of inflammation and adipokines. They were assayed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Western Metabolomics Center using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and standardized to urinary creatinine. All patients had normal hepatic and renal function.

Results
Tyramine concentrations were significantly reduced in patients with MetS compared to controls, p = 0.0009. In addition, tyramine was significantly inversely correlated with multiple biomarkers of inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors such as RBP4, monocyte TLR-4 abundance and P38MAPKinase activity, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) (both systolic and diastolic).

Conclusion
In conclusion, low levels of tyramine could contribute to the proinflammatorty state of MetS.
Dynamical Analysis of Fractional Order Model for Computer Virus Propagation with Kill Signals
Authors: Özdemir Necati , Uçar Sümeyra , Billur İskender Eroğlu Beyza 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The kill signals are alert about possible viruses that infect computer network to decrease the danger of virus propagation. In this work, we focus on a fractional-order SEIR-KS model in the sense of Caputo derivative to analyze the effects of kill signal nodes on the virus propagation. For this purpose, we first prove the existence and uniqueness of the model and give qualitative analysis. Then, we obtain the numerical solution of the model by using the Adams–Bashforth–Moulton algorithm. Finally, the effects of model parameters are demonstrated with graphics drawn by MATLAB program.
The enclosure method for the heat equation using time-reversal invariance for a wave equation
Authors: Ikehata Masaru 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The heat equation does not have time-reversal invariance.
However, using a solution of an associated wave equation which has time-reversal invariance, one can establish an explicit extraction formula of the minimum sphere that is centered at an arbitrary given point and encloses an unknown cavity inside a heat conductive body.
The data employed in the formula consist of a special heat flux depending on a large parameter prescribed on the surface of the body over an arbitrary fixed finite time interval and the corresponding temperature field.
The heat flux never blows up as the parameter tends to infinity.
This is different from a previous formula for the heat equation which also yields the minimum sphere.
In this sense, the prescribed heat flux is moderate.
The crystal structure of 3-chloro-1-hydrazino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, C6H4ClN5O6
Authors: Mei Xue , Yong Xiang , Jian Wang , Yushan Zhang , Yuehua Yao , Jianlong Wang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
C6H4ClN5O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.2139(13) Å, b = 5.6835(6) Å, c = 17.597(2) Å, β = 106.484(4)°, V = 979.6(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0497, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1138, T = 173 K.
Insight into fractionation performance of American old corrugated containers pulp in pressure screening
Authors: Cai Hui , Zhang Hui , Zhu Wenyuan , Tong Guolin , Yuan Zhaoyang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this work, the American Old Corrugated Containers (OCC) pulp was screened using pressure screen to investigate the factors affecting the fractionation performance. Three screen cylinders with different geometries, aperture size/contour heights, volumetric reject ratios, and aperture velocities were used. The results showed that the passing ratio of fibres increased with the increase of contour height, volumetric reject ratio, and aperture velocity for all the three screen cylinders. Moreover, among the three cylinders investigated, the 0.81 mm hole cylinder achieved the highest fractionation efficiency with a volumetric reject ratio of 0.1 followed by 0.15 and 0.2 mm slot screens. Freeness change of the accept side of the screen was similar to passage ratio, which shows an increasing trend with the increasing aperture velocity and volumetric reject ratio. However, the reject freeness showed decreasing trends with the increasing aperture velocity

V

s

{V_{s}}

and volumetric reject ratio

R

v

{R_{v}}

.
Dogma and Creed: ecclesia semper reformari or transformari debet? A Response from the New Orthodoxy of Debrecen to Hungarian Liberal Theology
Authors: Kovacs Abraham 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to scrutinise the two aspects of the debate which took place between Hungarian liberal theology and neo-orthodoxy from 1860s onwards. First, it discusses the liberal concept of what the essence of Christian religion was and its orthodox critique which led to the Declaration of Faith in Debrecen (1875). Secondly, it investigates the arguments on what basis liberal theologians rejected confessions. The paper argues that both trends interpreted very differently the Reformed principle ‘ecclesia semper reformari debet with ecclesia semper transformari debet’ and throws light on how it is best to understand their way of thinking.
Schiffsfinanzierung im Wandel – Finanzintermediäre und maritime Wirtschaft am Finanzplatz Hamburg vom Kaiserreich bis zum Ende der Weimarer Republik
Authors: Wixforth Harald 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
For more than 30 years bank-industry relations have been one of the most important subjects of financial research and history. Despite all research we are still lacking results on this topic for several branches of German industry, e. g. shipbuilding and shipping. Therefore, the article tries to analyze the relations between financial institutions and some of the prominent enterprises of maritime industry in Hamburg – in the 19th and 20th century the most important financial center in Northern Germany as well as place for shipping and shipbuilding. Finally, the article compares the results to those of other studies on bank-industry-relations in Germany in order to show whether there were specific characteristics in financing shipbuilding and shipping. Additionally, the article wants to stimulate further intensive research on this subject.
The social desirability of offshoring: a Swiss consensus (1945–1975)
Authors: Pitteloud Sabine 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article focuses on the evolution of the rhetoric and practice of corporate offshoring in Switzerland from the post-war economic boom to the industrial crisis in the mid-seventies. The virtue of a historical perspective on the issue of offshoring is to show how recent controversies have their roots in previous decades, suggesting the need to reassess recent debates about structural change in light of earlier experiences. Relying on the cultural and narrative perspective in business history, the article shows the emergence of an unexpected consensus about the legitimacy of corporate offshoring between employers, Swiss authorities and even Swiss labour unions after 1945. The explanation for that counter-intuitive alliance is found in the actors’ representations and discourse about what they considered to be excessive economic circumstances. Indeed, during this golden age of considerable economic expansion, demand exceeded supply and the Swiss firms constantly complained of labour shortages. Offshoring was therefore seen as a cure for the lack of workers within Switzerland and allowed multinational companies to focus on the most lucrative production activities. Swiss workers and unions shared this view, preferring some low-skill activities to be done outside the country rather than seeing the arrival of more foreign workers, who tended to be less unionised and who were accused of aggravating the housing shortage. In response, the Swiss authorities supported the offshoring process by providing some tariff favours to allow textile firms in particular to relocate their production abroad and to reimport it to Switzerland without paying taxes. Finally, the article shows how the consensus broke down after the economic downturn of the mid-70 s and how changing historical circumstances induced new diverging narratives about the social desirability of the offshoring phenomenon.
Voyance, chronotopie et intertextualité dans Dora Bruder de Patrick Modiano
Authors: Holm Helge Vidar 
Published: November 2019

In Dora Bruder, Patrick Modiano gives the following comment on his own novelistic writing: “Like many writers before me, I believe in coincidence, and, sometimes, in the novelist’s gift for clairvoyance - the word ‘gift’ not being the right one, for it implies a kind of superiority. Clairvoyance is simply part of the profession: the essential leaps of imagination, the need to fix one’s mind on detail - to the point of obsession, in fact - so as not to lose the thread and give in to one’s natural laziness. All this tension, this cerebral exercise, may well lead in the long run to ‘flashes of intuition concerning events past and future’, as defined by Larousse dictionary under ’clairvoyance’.” (Dora Bruder (Paris 1997), English edition: The Search Warrant, Harvill Secker, London 2014, p. 47-48).
By analyzing some selected passages from this novel, I study some relations between M. Bakhtin’s theory of the chronotope and the effects of the novelist Modiano’s “gift for clairvoyance” as presented in the quotation above. I also comment on some representations of intertextuality and intratextuality in Dora Bruder.
Rousseau et Diderot, deux postures de légitimation face à l'espace public
Authors: Sejten Anne Elisabeth 
Published: November 2019

The quarrel between Rousseau and Diderot – these inseparable friends only to become enemies – constitutes a legendary topos of philosophical breaks-ups over-shadowed by wicked slander. If Rousseau’s famous Letter to d’Alembert in 1758 traces his growing disagreement with the inner circle of encyclopaedists, further confrontations seem lost in mean accusations that discredit both sides. However, when digging a little deeper in the texts on both sides, it is not only possible to reconstruct different views about philosopher’s morality, but also to relate to the complex nature that characterised the public sphere in eighteenth century France.
The purpose of this paper is exactly to examine the respective positions of Rousseau and Diderot as distorted voices in a society, in which the public sphere was actually more private than public. The first part of the study draws on the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas’ seminal work on the transformation that affected the public sphere along European bourgeois countries in quite different ways during the eighteenth century. French salon culture and its essentially private spaces urged Rousseau and Diderot to invent original writing strategies in order to justify themselves. The second and major part of the paper, accordingly aims at analysing their literary choices, Rousseau in reinventing the autobiographical approach, Diderot by writing on the Roman stoic philosopher Seneca. Both philosophers are extremely aware of the need to protect their philosophical legacy and, in doing so, each is eventually playing the role of the contra-model of the other when facing the question of moral and intellectual integrity.
Diagnosis and Management of Rare Immune-Related Adverse Events
Authors: Schoenfeld Sara R. , Aronow Mary E. , Leaf Rebecca Karp , Dougan Michael , Reynolds Kerry L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Oncologic treatment is being revolutionized by a burgeoning number of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis). To date, seven ICPis have received Food and Drug Administration approval, targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen, programmed cell death, or programmed cell death ligand. Adverse events associated with checkpoint inhibition have been described in the literature. Guidelines exist for the most common of these, but as the use of ICPis becomes more common, the number of patients presenting with rare events will increase. This article reviews the diagnosis and management of rare ocular, hematological, luminal gastrointestinal, and rheumatological toxicities arising from ICPi treatment.

Key Points
As the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis) becomes more common, the number of rare immune-related adverse events (irAEs) will increase. A high level of suspicion is required to identify and treat these toxicities. Although it can be difficult to definitively attribute rare irAEs to ICPis, a temporal and mechanistic relationship and the absence of other etiologies should make the treating physician suspicious for a rare irAE. Certain rare irAEs, such as celiac disease, do not require treatment with glucocorticoids. Thus, differentiating this irAE from other gastrointestinal irAEs has important implications for treatment.
CUANDO SE APRENDE NADA: UN DIÁLOGO ENTRE LOS PROBLEMAS DE APRENDIZAJE Y LA ANOREXIA MENTAL EN PSICOANÁLISIS
Authors: LEÓN SUÁREZ MARÍA CATALINA 
Published: November 2019

ResumenEste artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre la clínica de los problemas de aprendizaje desde un abordaje psicoanalítico en un diálogo con la clínica de la anorexia mental. Se destaca que, similar a lo que ocurre con la anorexia, en la que se come nada, en algunos problemas de aprendizaje no se trata de que no se aprenda, sino de que se aprende nada; razón por la que se hace un desarrollo del concepto nada y se abordan otras nociones importantes para el psicoanálisis, entre las que están el deseo, la falta, el amor y el objeto a. Esto se ejemplifica con algunos casos, siendo el principal de ellos el de Ernest Kris, comentado por Lacan, “El hombre de los sesos frescos”. Palabras clave: problemas de aprendizaje, anorexia mental, nada, falta, deseo. AbstractThis paper presents the results of a research on the clinic of learning disability from a psychoanalytic approach in a dialog with the clinic of mental anorexia. It highlights that, similar to anorexia, in which nothing is eaten, in some learning disabilities the problem is not the impossibility to learn, but the fact that nothing is learned. For this reason, we develop nothingness as a concept and address other notions important to psychoanalysis, such as desire, lack, love, and object a. Some cases are used as an illustration of this; the main of them is the one of Ernest Kris, commented by Lacan, “the man of the fresh brains”. Keywords: learning disability, mental anorexia, nothing, lack, desire. RésuméCet article présente les résultats d'une recherche sur la clinique des troubles d'apprentissage sous un angle psychanalytique, en établissant un dialogue avec la clinique de l'anorexie mentale. Il en ressort que, de manière similaire à ce qui survient avec l'anorexie lorsque l'on ne mange rien, dans quelques troubles d'apprentissage il ne s'agit pas de ne pas apprendre, mais de ne rien apprendre. Cela mène à développer le concept de rien et à aborder d'autres notions importantes pour la psychanalyse, notamment celles de désir, manque, amour et objet a. L'on illustre cela par quelques exemples, en particulier celui de Ernest Kris, commenté par Lacan, « L'homme aux cervelles fraîches ».Mots-clés : troubles d'apprentissage, anorexie mentale, rien, manque, désir.
AVATARES QUE ATRAVIESAN EL CUERPO Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA ÉPOCA. UNA MIRADA PSICOANALÍTICA
Authors: Vangieri Bibiana Claudia 
Published: November 2019

ResumenEl presente artículo es resultado de la tesis doctoral Avatares que atraviesan el cuerpo y su relación con la época. Una mirada psicoanalítica. La metodología de investigación utilizada fue de tipo cualitativa en el marco de un tipo de estudio descriptivo-interpretativo. La misma indaga acerca de diferentes avatares que atraviesan el cuerpo en la actualidad, tales como tatuajes, escarificaciones, perforaciones, autolesiones y fenómenos psicosomáticos. Se trata de marcas que, a diferencia del síntoma, se manifiestan como otras formas de respuesta a la angustia, fenómenos que se resisten al decir, acontecimientos de cuerpo que implican un goce autístico, signos sobre el cuerpo opacos al sentido, marcas de lalengua.Palabras claves: cuerpo, acontecimiento, goce, sinthome. AbstractThis paper is a result of the doctoral thesis Vicissitudes Going through the Body and Their Relation to the Epoch. A Psychoanalytic Perspective. It used a qualitative methodology in the context of a descriptive-interpretative study. It explores the different vicissitudes currently going through the body, such as tattoos, scarifications, piercings, self-harms, and psychosomatic phenomena. They are marks that, contrary to the symptom, manifest as other forms of response to anxiety, phenomena resisting the saying, body events entailing an autistic jouissance, signs on the body that are blurred to the sense, marks of lalangue.Keywords: body, event, jouissance, sinthome. RésuméCet article est issu d'une thèse de doctorat intitulée Avatars qui traversent le corps et leur rapport avec l'époque. Une approche psychanalytique. Dans le cadre d'une étude de type descriptif-interprétatif, l'on a employé une méthodologie qualitative. C'était l'outil utilisé pour enquêter sur les différents avatars qui traversent le corps aujourd'hui, tels que les tatouages, scarifications, piercings, blessures auto-infligées et phénomènes psychosomatiques. Il s'agit de marques qui, contrairement au sinthome, se manifestent en tant que d'autres formes de réponse à l'angoisse, des phénomènes qui résistent au dire, des événements du corps qui comportent une jouissance autistique, des signes sur le corps opaques pour le sens, des marques de lalangue.Mots-clés : corps, événement, jouissance, sinthome.
Bullying e Processos de Escolarização: Diálogos e Perspectivas Pedagógicas
Authors: Silva Vanessa Costa Gonçalves , Mota Raquel Martins Fernandes , Campos Maria Das Graças 
Published: November 2019

Os processos de escolarização são marcados por etapas diversas de um desenvolvimento psicossocial, alguns fatos e intervenções podem interferir neste processo significativamente, dentre estes se destaca a violência escolar, como forte elemento que despotencializa os resultados. Como intervir pedagogicamente de modo a prevenir, combater e tratar o bullying é uma das questões levantadas pelo grupo de pesquisa em Humanidades e Sociedade Contemporânea do IFMT e aqui elencada, com o objetivo de perceber as subjetividades no processo e como atuar na perspectiva pedagógica em relação a mesma. Foram pesquisadas sete escolas, entre 2016 e 2018, com questionário diagnóstico sobre bullying e violação dos Direitos Humanos. Apresentam-se alguns resultados da pesquisa e intervenções realizadas, bem como revisão de literatura sobre a atuação pedagógica. Dos 616 estudantes, 121 afirmaram ter sofrido violação de seus direitos no ambiente escolar (21,3%); os mesmos sugeriram várias atividades para combater o bullying, das quais algumas foram realizadas de modo satisfatório. Percebe-se que ao trabalhar no Ensino Médio, o protagonismo jovem é o elemento principal para atuar em prol da preservação dos direitos humanos de um modo geral. Palavras-chave: Ensino. Violência Escolar. Direitos Humanos. Currículo. AbstractThe schooling processes are marked by different psychosocial development stages, some facts and interventions can significantly interfere in this process, among them the school violence stands out as a strong element that deprives the results. How to interfere pedagogically in order to prevent, combat and treat bullying, is one of the questions raised by the research group on Humanities and Contemporary Society of IFMT and here listed, having as an aim of perceiving the subjectivities in the process and how to act in the pedagogical perspective in relation to it. Seven schools were surveyed, between 2016 and 2018, with a diagnostic questionnaire on bullying and human rights violations. Some results of the research and interventions carried out are exhibited, as well as a literature review about the pedagogical performance. From 616 students that answered the questionnaire, 121 reported having suffered a violation of their rights in the school environment (21.3%); they suggested several activities to combat bullying, which ones were carried out satisfactorily. It is noticed that when it is worked in high school, the young protagonism is the main element to act for the human rights preservation in general. Keywords: Teaching. School Violence.Human Rights.Curriculum