bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educação profissional: um caminho para profissionalização pela reconstrução da memória
Authors: Braun Maria do Socorro de Assis 
Published: July 2020

A sociedade se realiza através das pessoas, nos seus lugares e memórias. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a educação profissional no Ceará por meio da reconstrução da memória do primeiro aluno matriculado em curso profissionalizante no SENAI-CE, em 1944. O método utilizado é um estudo exploratório-descritivo na modalidade de análise bibliográfica e documental. As duas ideias: de Bergson e Popper, não são mutuamente excludentes. A de Bergson, embora dualista, não supõe causalidade, determinismo ou finalismo, é um ato livre, independente, contingente. Na Popperiana, a ciência e o conhecimento partem de uma lógica situacional por meio de um problema e interferem no movimento das empresas. Nesse contexto, a educação profissional apresentada pelas memórias do referido estudante, encontrou sentido social e importância no conhecimento adquirido no SENAI-CE. Este aprendizado revivido nas narrativas de suas histórias, passado referido no presente, possibilitaram a construção de significados na tessitura de suas lembranças.
Nano-curcumin: A Potent Enhancer of Body Antioxidant System in Diabetic Mice.
Authors: Potphode Nitin Dadasaheb , Daunde Jitesh Ankush , Desai Sneha Sampatrao , Walvekar Madhuri Vasant 
Published: July 2020

<p>Nano preparation of drug to be helpful in targeted delivery, which avoids any unwanted damage of adjacent healthy tissues. Antidiabetic compounds from natural and synthetic sources have been found to successful management of diabetes. Antioxidants are compound that protect cell against the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Curcumin has many beneficial effects against health problems; it has limited use due to its poor bioavailability as concluded by number of its pharmacokinetic studies. Since the aim of this study was to investigate the effects<em> </em>of curcumin nanoparticles (Nano-curcumin)<em> </em>on antioxidative enzymes i.e Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) in pancreas of diabetic mice. For the present investigation mice (<em>Mus musculus)</em> used as experimental animal.<em> </em>Mice were divided into four groups viz, a) Control group b) Diabetic group c) Recovery group I- Diabetic mice treated with curcumin d) Recovery group II - Diabetic mice treated with curcumin and nano-curcumin. The activity of antioxidative enzymes in the pancreas was recorded at the end of experiment. There was decrease in antioxidative enzymes in pancreas of diabetic mice compared to control. After the treatment of curcumin and curcumin nanoparticles significant increase in levels of antioxidative enzymes in recovery group I and II was observed. Moreover as compare to free curcumin nano-curcumin showed better results in enhancement of antioxidative enzymes. Thus it proves that nano-curcumin found to be potent antioxidative compound to reduced oxidative stress induced during the diabetes.</p><p> </p>
Using two-stream theory to capture fluctuations of satellite-perceived TOA SW radiances reflected from clouds over ocean
Authors: Tornow Florian , Domenech Carlos , Barker Howard W. , Preusker René , Fischer Jürgen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Shortwave (SW) fluxes estimated from broadband radiometry rely on
empirically gathered and hemispherically resolved fields of outgoing
top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiances. This study aims to provide more
accurate and precise fields of TOA SW radiances reflected from clouds
over ocean by introducing a novel semiphysical model predicting
radiances per narrow sun-observer geometry. This model was
statistically trained using CERES-measured radiances paired with
MODIS-retrieved cloud parameters as well as reanalysis-based
geophysical parameters. By using radiative transfer approximations as
a framework to ingest the above parameters, the new approach incorporates
cloud-top effective radius and above-cloud water vapor in addition to
traditionally used cloud optical depth, cloud fraction, cloud phase,
and surface wind speed. A two-stream cloud albedo – serving to
statistically incorporate cloud optical thickness and cloud-top
effective radius – and Cox–Munk ocean reflectance were used to
describe an albedo over each CERES footprint. Effective-radius-dependent asymmetry parameters were obtained empirically and
separately for each viewing-illumination geometry. A simple equation
of radiative transfer, with this albedo and attenuating above-cloud
water vapor as inputs, was used in its log-linear form to allow for
statistical optimization. We identified the two-stream functional
form that minimized radiance residuals calculated against CERES
observations and outperformed the state-of-the-art approach for most
observer geometries outside the sun-glint and solar zenith angles
between 20 and 70∘, reducing the median SD
of radiance residuals per solar geometry by up to 13.2 % for
liquid clouds, 1.9 % for ice clouds, and 35.8 % for
footprints containing both cloud phases. Geometries affected by
sun glint (constituting between 10 % and 1 % of the
discretized upward hemisphere for solar zenith angles of 20 and
70∘, respectively), however, often showed weaker
performance when handled with the new approach and had increased
residuals by as much as 60 % compared to the state-of-the-art
approach. Overall, uncertainties were reduced for liquid-phase and
mixed-phase footprints by 5.76 % and 10.81 %,
respectively, while uncertainties for ice-phase footprints increased
by 0.34 %. Tested for a variety of scenes, we further
demonstrated the plausibility of scene-wise predicted radiance
fields. This new approach may prove useful when employed in angular
distribution models and may result in improved flux estimates, in
particular dealing with clouds characterized by small or large
droplet/crystal sizes.
Current estimates of K1* and K2* appear inconsistent with measured CO2 system parameters in cold oceanic regions
Authors: Sulpis Olivier , Lauvset Siv K. , Hagens Mathilde 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Seawater absorption of anthropogenic atmospheric carbon
dioxide (CO2) has led to a range of changes in carbonate chemistry,
collectively referred to as ocean acidification. Stoichiometric dissociation
constants used to convert measured carbonate system variables (pH,
pCO2, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity) into globally
comparable parameters are crucial for accurately quantifying these changes.
The temperature and salinity coefficients of these constants have generally
been experimentally derived under controlled laboratory conditions. Here, we
use field measurements of carbonate system variables taken from the Global
Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 and the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas data products to evaluate the temperature dependence of the carbonic acid stoichiometric dissociation constants. By applying a novel iterative
procedure to a large dataset of 948 surface-water, quality-controlled
samples where four carbonate system variables were independently measured,
we show that the set of equations published by Lueker et al. (2000),
currently preferred by the ocean acidification community, overestimates the
stoichiometric dissociation constants at temperatures below about 8 ∘C. We apply these newly derived temperature coefficients to
high-latitude Argo float and cruise data to quantify the effects on
surface-water pCO2 and calcite saturation states. These findings highlight the critical implications of uncertainty in stoichiometric dissociation constants for future projections of ocean acidification in polar regions and the need to improve knowledge of what causes the CO2 system inconsistencies in cold waters.
Análise da dinâmica da paisagem do Pantanal da Nhecolândia (MS)
Authors: Rodrigues Lidiane Perbelin , Figueiredo Leite Emerson 
Published: July 2020

O Pantanal da Nhecolândia é uma sub-região do Pantanal brasileiro que apresenta dinâmica socioambiental marcada pelo desenvolvimento da pecuária, pelas relações geossistêmicas de uma área úmida e um ambiente deposicional ativo. O presente trabalho objetiva realizar uma análise da dinâmica da paisagem do Pantanal da Nhecolândia a partir da aplicação do Método Tripolar GTP (Geossistema, Território e Paisagem). Para esta análise, mapeou-se o Uso e Cobertura da Terra para os per�odos de cheia e seca dos anos de 1987, 1995, 2005 e 2017, aos quais aplicou-se técnicas de �?lgebra de Mapas, gerando os mapas de Mudança Espaço-Temporal Sazonal (MMS) e de Mudança Espaço-Temporal Histórica (MMH), que demonstram, respectivamente, as mudanças espaciais ocasionadas pelas inundações sazonais e as mudanças decorrentes da dinâmica socioambiental no per�odo de trinta anos (1987-2017). Dessa forma, a análise das condições socioambientais possibilitou a elaboração Zoneamento Socioambiental e de propostas de manejo para as quatro zonas estabelecidas: Alta Nhecolândia, Taquari-Negro, Baixa Nhecolândia e Baixo Taquari.
Palavras-chave: Megaleque do Taquari. Uso e Cobertura da Terra. Zoneamento Socioambiental.
Walking Greater Than 5 Feet After Hip Fracture Surgery Is Associated With Fewer Complications, Including Death
Authors: VanTienderen Richard J. , Fernandez Isaac , Reich Michael S. , Nguyen Mai P. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Hip fractures in the elderly are associated with notable morbidity. The influence of postoperative ambulation on outcomes is not well described. We hypothesized that patients who mobilize faster after surgical intervention would demonstrate fewer postoperative complications.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed on patients with hip fractures from October 2015 through September 2017. All ambulatory patients at least 65 years old (y/o), with a low-energy mechanism of injury, and who underwent surgical treatment were included. Physical therapy notes were used to track postoperative ambulation, and medical records were reviewed for 90-day postoperative complications.

Results:
One hundred sixty-three patients were included (64 femoral neck, 88 intertrochanteric, and 11 subtrochanteric fractures). Eighty patients had postoperative complication(s). Walking >5 feet by 72 hours postoperatively was associated with decreased morbidity (complication rate: 31% versus 77% (≤5 feet ambulation), P < 0.001). Walking >5 feet by 72 hours postoperatively decreased the likelihood of myocardial infarction (P = 0.003), pneumonia (P = 0.021), intensive care unit admission (P < 0.001), and death or hospice transfer (P < 0.001).

Discussion:
Ambulating >5 feet within 72 hours postoperatively is associated with a lower postoperative complication rate. To our knowledge, this study is the first to quantify the relationship between postoperative hip fracture mobilization and morbidity and mortality.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic, Level III
Construction identitaire des jeunes des écoles francophones en Colombie-Britannique
Authors: Lai-Tran Trâm 
Published: July 2020

L’identité n’est pas définie comme une attribution, mais comme un « travail » de l’acteur qui oriente son action et cherche à construire une unité à partir des différents éléments de sa vie sociale. Cette contribution s’intéresse au processus de positionnement identitaire des jeunes des écoles francophones, et à leurs perceptions de ce que signifie être francophone en Colombie-Britannique. L’étude tente de comprendre la manière dont les élèves se voient et se définissent, et dans quelle mesure, par leurs idées, identités et actes, ils participent à la construction de leur propre identité, mais également à l’identité collective de la communauté francophone de cette province. Puisque les processus à l’oeuvre dans la construction sociale de la réalité peuvent être appréhendés à partir de l’expérience sociale des individus, la question centrale invite à une réflexion sur l’intégration des identités culturelles multiples et du bilinguisme ou du plurilinguisme des élèves dans les écoles francophones. Notre exploration se situe dans la perspective de prise en compte de la pluralité de l’identité francophone des élèves en tant qu’atout pour les apprentissages scolaires, renforcement de la vitalité et construction de l’identité collective de la communauté francophone minoritaire.
Les visions du rétablissement dans des services résidentiels en santé mentale d’une région québécoise
Authors: Larivière Nadine , Gauthier-Boudreault Camille , Morin Paul , Boyer Richard 
Published: July 2020

Objectif À la suite d’une réorganisation dans le secteur de l’hébergement en santé mentale dans une région québécoise, cette étude descriptive a évalué l’intégration des principes de rétablissement selon des utilisateurs de services (n = 25), des responsables de milieux d’hébergement (n=19) et des professionnels de la santé et de services sociaux (n = 30).
Méthode La version française du Recovery Self-Assessment a été remplie par tous. Les utilisateurs de services ont également rempli l’Échelle de satisfaction envers les domaines de la vie. Des questions qualitatives supplémentaires écrites ont été posées.
Résultats La plupart des utilisateurs de services étaient globalement satisfaits de leur résidence actuelle, mais ont noté que les options d’intervention et aborder les besoins sexuels pourraient être améliorés. Les intervenants considèrent qu’il y a une intégration significativement plus faible des différentes dimensions du rétablissement que les deux autres groupes (p < 0,001). Les trois groupes ont indiqué que les utilisateurs de services devraient être davantage impliqués dans la planification des services en résidence.
Conclusion L’intégration des points de vue a mis en lumière le besoin de travailler de façon collaborative pour soutenir le processus de rétablissement dans les milieux d’hébergement et impliquer davantage les personnes utilisatrices de services.
Impacts de la légalisation du cannabis récréatif sur la santé mentale : une recension des écrits
Authors: Gouron David , Vignault Catherine , Quintin Jacques , Semaan William , Djahanbakhsh Asli Khashayar 
Published: July 2020

Objectif Cet article présente une recension des écrits sur l’impact de la légalisation du cannabis récréatif sur la santé mentale et s’inscrit dans le contexte des politiques canadiennes récemment adoptées à cet égard.
Méthode Cette recension a été effectuée dans la base de données PubMed en utilisant la combinaison de termes associés au cannabis, à la légalisation et à la santé mentale. Deux évaluateurs indépendants ont ensuite examiné 272 titres et résumés, puis ont conservé 11 articles.
Résultats À la suite de la révision des articles, nous constatons que la plupart des études ciblant la consommation de cannabis décrivent une prévalence croissante d’utilisateurs. Il est à noter qu’aucune étude n’a démontré une diminution de la consommation du cannabis après la légalisation. Parmi les 11 articles retenus, trois évaluent la perception des risques associés au cannabis (avant et après la légalisation). Deux d’entre eux montrent une diminution des risques perçus après la légalisation, alors que le troisième décrit l’inverse. Quelques études ont également analysé l’impact de la légalisation du cannabis sur le nombre de visites à l’urgence générale et elles montrent toutes une augmentation du nombre de visites associées au cannabis. Cela dit, ces résultats sont simplement observationnels et sont à mettre en perspective avec les tendances qui prévalaient déjà avant la légalisation du cannabis.
Conclusion Cette recension des écrits montre qu’il existe un nombre limité d’études concernant l’impact de la légalisation du cannabis récréatif sur les troubles en santé mentale. Il serait donc intéressant de poursuivre les recherches sur ce sujet.
Anticorruption
Authors: Rotberg Robert I. 
Published: July 2020

Winning the anticorruption battle: a guide for citizens and politicians.
The phenomenon of corruption has existed since antiquity; from ancient Mesopotamia to our modern-day high-level ethical morass, people have sought a leg up, a shortcut, or an end run to power and influence. In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Robert Rotberg, a recognized authority on governance and international relations, offers a definitive guide to corruption and anticorruption, charting the evolution of corruption and offering recommendations on how to reduce its power and spread. The most important component of anticorruption efforts, he argues, is leadership that is committed to changing dominant political cultures.
Rotberg explains that corruption is the conversion of a public good into personal gain—either by the exchange of cash for influence or by the granting of special favors even without explicit payments. He describes successful anticorruption efforts in countries ranging from Denmark and Sweden to Canada and Costa Rica, and discusses the roles of judicial systems, investigative journalism, multinational corporations, and technological advances. He shows how the United States has become more corrupt than before, and contrasts recent US and Canadian experiences.
Without sufficient political will to eliminate corruption, it persists. Rotberg outlines thirteen practical steps for battling corruption, including removing holdover officials tainted by corruption and the public declaration of financial assets by elected officials and appointees.
The regulatory genome constrains protein sequence evolution: implications for the search for disease-associated genes
Authors: Evans Patrick , Cox Nancy J. , Gamazon Eric R. 
Published: July 2020

The development of explanatory models of protein sequence evolution has broad implications for our understanding of cellular biology, population history, and disease etiology. Here we analyze the GTEx transcriptome resource to quantify the effect of the transcriptome on protein sequence evolution in a multi-tissue framework. We find substantial variation among the central nervous system tissues in the effect of expression variance on evolutionary rate, with highly variable genes in the cortex showing significantly greater purifying selection than highly variable genes in subcortical regions (Mann–Whitney Up = 1.4 × 10−4). The remaining tissues cluster in observed expression correlation with evolutionary rate, enabling evolutionary analysis of genes in diverse physiological systems, including digestive, reproductive, and immune systems. Importantly, the tissue in which a gene attains its maximum expression variance significantly varies (p = 5.55 × 10−284) with evolutionary rate, suggesting a tissue-anchored model of protein sequence evolution. Using a large-scale reference resource, we show that the tissue-anchored model provides a transcriptome-based approach to predicting the primary affected tissue of developmental disorders. Using gradient boosted regression trees to model evolutionary rate under a range of model parameters, selected features explain up to 62% of the variation in evolutionary rate and provide additional support for the tissue model. Finally, we investigate several methodological implications, including the importance of evolutionary-rate-aware gene expression imputation models using genetic data for improved search for disease-associated genes in transcriptome-wide association studies. Collectively, this study presents a comprehensive transcriptome-based analysis of a range of factors that may constrain molecular evolution and proposes a novel framework for the study of gene function and disease mechanism.
Evaluation of External Abdominal Wall Hernia Surgery in a Secondary Level Facility in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Mensah Samuel , Maison Patrick Opoku Manu , Kyei Ishmael , Adjei George Adjei , Morna Martin T. , Debrah Samuel , Rahman Ganiyu A. 
Published: July 2020

Aims: We aimed at auditing hernia surgeries performed at a secondary care center and determine the outcome of surgery based on the grade of operating surgeon.
Study Design: A single center retrospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery of Ashanti regional Hospital between October 2015 to September 2018.
Methodology: We included 259 patients, age ranging between 1 and 84 years, who underwent external hernia surgeries. Information retrieved included patient demographics, type of hernia, duration of hernia, whether hernia was emergency or elective, method of repair, whether surgery was performed by a surgeon or non-surgeon and early post-operative complications. Data was analyzed using PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc SPSS. Bivariate analysis was done to ascertain relationship between complications and operating doctor.
Results: A total of 259 hernia surgeries were performed over the study period. There were 186 (71.8 %) males and 73 (28.2 %) females, age range of 1 to 84 years. There were 66 (25.5%) children and 193(74.5%) adults. Children in their first decade were the majority (22.4%) age group followed by adults in their 5th decade (17%). Inguinal hernia was the most common (75.7%) type of hernia, 49 (18.9%) children and 147(56.6%) adults. There were 32 (12.4%) emergencies. Small bowel (20) was the most common content found in the hernia sac with 6 of them being gangrenous. Hematoma was the most common early complication. The majority (63.7%) of the cases were performed by the general surgeon and (20.1%) by house officers (interns) under supervision. Complications like haematoma, surgical site infection and acute urinary retention were more likely to occur in the non-surgeon operators. There was no statistically significant relation between the grade of operating surgeon and Haematoma (p = 0.28) and surgical site infection (p= 0.76).
Conclusion: Hernias are common in children in the first decade and in adults in the 5th decade. With a well-structured training programme non-surgeon physicians can be trained to perform hernia surgeries with relatively low complication.
Multifunctional Artificial Artery from Direct 3D Printing with Built‐In Ferroelectricity and Tissue‐Matching Modulus for Real‐Time Sensing and Occlusion Monitoring
Authors: Li Jun , Long Yin , Yang Fan , Wei Hao , Zhang Ziyi , Wang Yizhan , Wang Jingyu , Li Cheng , Carlos Corey , Dong Yutao , Wu Yongjun , Cai Weibo , Wang Xudong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTreating vascular grafts failure requires complex surgery procedures and is associated with high risks. A real‐time monitoring vascular system enables quick and reliable identification of complications and initiates safer treatments early. Here, an electric fieldassisted 3D printing technology is developed to fabricate in situ‐poled ferroelectric artificial arteries that offer battery‐free real‐time blood pressure sensing and occlusion monitoring capability. The functional artery architecture is made possible by the development of a ferroelectric biocomposite which can be quickly polarized during printing and reshaped into devised objects. The synergistic effect from the potassium sodium niobite particles and the polyvinylidene fluoride polymer matrix yields a superb piezoelectric performance (bulk‐scale d33 > 12 pC N−1). The sinusoidal architecture brings the mechanical modulus close to the level of blood vessels. The desired piezoelectric and mechanical properties of the artificial artery provide an excellent sensitivity to pressure change (0.306 mV mmHg−1, R2 > 0.99) within the range of human blood pressure (11.25–225.00 mmHg). The high pressure sensitivity and the ability to detect subtle vessel motion pattern change enable early detection of partial occlusion (e.g., thrombosis), allowing for preventing grafts failure. This work demonstrates a promising strategy of incorporating multifunctionality to artificial biological systems for smart healthcare systems.