bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Should all community mental health teams be sectorised?
Authors: Vaughan R. , Antczak K. , Kowalewski L. , Feeney L. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesSectorised catchment areas have characterised Irish mental health service delivery since the devolution of institutional care. Unlike other catchment areas, the Cluain Mhuire Community Mental Health Service (CMCMHS) never sectorised. With the development of Community Health Networks (CHNs) and Primary Care Centres, the CMCMHS has come under renewed pressure for structural change. We aimed to consider the implications of these proposed changes on staff and service users.MethodWe obtained demographic information comparing the CHNs with respect to attendee numbers, new referrals and admissions over a 1- year period. Secondly, we conducted an anonymous survey seeking opinions on the proposals to switch to a sector-based model and/or specialist inpatient care.ResultsReferral and admission rates differed across CHNs, broadly consistent with populations. About 36% of staff and 33% of service users supported changing to a sector-based system. In the event of a sector-based system of care being implemented, 66% of service users felt that existing service users should remain under the care of their current team. There was little support among any group for the development of specialist inpatient teams.ConclusionsWe discuss the benefits and drawbacks of sectorisation of mental health service provision. Most patients did not want to change teams either as current service users or as re-referrals (indicating it will take a significant time to transition to a sector-based system). Without clear pathways towards integration with primary care teams, the advantages of sectorisation may not outweigh the challenges associated with its implementation.
The impact of a post-operative clinical care pathway on head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer outcomes
Authors: Mhawej R , Harmych B M , Houlton J J , Tabangin M E , Meinzen-Derr J , Patil Y J 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo study the impact of a clinical care pathway and computerised order set on short-term post-operative outcomes for patients undergoing head and neck free tissue transfer.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients who underwent head and neck free tissue transfer by a single reconstructive surgeon between January 2007 and July 2009 were assigned to one of two cohorts based on the timing of their surgery: pre- or post-clinical care pathway implementation. Measured outcomes included peri-operative complications and mortality, length of hospital stay and costs, unplanned reoperations, and readmissions within 30 days of discharge.ResultsThe pre-clinical care pathway cohort included 81 patients and the post-clinical care pathway cohort comprised 46. Implementation of the clinical care pathway was associated with decreased variability in length of hospital stay (median (interquartile range) = 8 (6, 11) vs 7 (6, 9) days). The post-clinical care pathway cohort also had a significantly lower unplanned reoperation rate (15.2 vs 35.8 per cent, p = 0.01).ConclusionA clinical care pathway is a successful means of standardising and improving complex patient care. In this study, care pathway implementation in head and neck free tissue transfer patients improved efficiency and the quality of patient care.
Breaking and Entering: State-Level Recognition of Women as Lawyers
Authors: Perretta Heather 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResearch on state-level suffrage associations points to women's greater participation in the public sphere—higher education, the professions, and civic organizations—as a significant predictor of a state's suffrage association succeeding in securing woman suffrage prior to passage of the Nineteenth Amendment. This finding raises the question of how women gained access to those areas of public life that had formal barriers to entry—higher education and the professions. Specifically, did women's participation in civic organizations play a role in helping women gain access to these areas of the public realm? Using event history analysis, this study explores the role of the Literary Club movement and the Suffrage movement in influencing a state's policy regarding women's right to practice law. I employ the concept of institutional logics to argue that Clubwomen and Suffragists exploited contradictions in the logics of traditional gender roles and of the American political system to press for expanded opportunities for women in the public realm. Their success in these efforts, however, was influenced by their organizations’ deference to the dictates of traditional gender roles.
Fair-value analytical valuation of reset executive stock options consistent with IFRS9 requirements
Authors: Konstandatos Otto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExecutive stock options (ESOs) are widely used to reward employees and represent major items of corporate liability. The International Accounting Standards Board IFRS9 financial reporting standard which came into full effect on 1-Jan 2018, along with its Australian implementation AASB9, requires public corporations to report their fair-value cost in financial statements. Reset ESOs are typically issued to re-incentivise employees by allowing the option to be cancelled and re-issued with a lower exercise price or later maturity. We produce a novel analytical Reset ESO valuation consistent with the IFRS9 financial reporting standard incorporating the simultaneous resetting of vesting period, exercise window, reset level and maturity. We allow for voluntary and involuntary exercise. Our analytical result is expressed solely in terms of standardised European binary power option instruments. Using the multi-state mortality model of Hariyanto (2014, Mortality and disability modelling with an application to pricing a reverse mortgage contract, PhD thesis, University of Melbourne), we estimate longitudinal disability and death transition probabilities from cross-sectional data. We determine survival functions for pre-vesting forfeiture or post-vesting involuntary exercise for use with weighted portfolios of our formulae to illustrate the effect of survival on the fair value. We examine the IFRS9 method of valuation using expected time to option exercise and demonstrate a consistent overestimation of fair value of up to 27% for senior executives.
Supplemental vitamin D3 does not affect musculoskeletal or	psychomotor performance in college aged males
Authors: Bellar David , Murphy Kellie , Davis Greggory R. , Judge Lawrence W. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The experiment examined the effects 4 weeks of vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation versus placebo on musculoskeletal and psychomotor performance. Thirty-two college age males (Age: 22 ± 4 y, Height: 177.7 ± 8.3 cm, Weight: 81.5 ± 14.6 kg, BF%: 19.6 ± 7.9, Vit D: 20.0 ± 7.2 ng/ml). Participants were assigned to group (Vit D vs placebo) and remained blind throughout the study. The treatments were 4000 IU of Vit D3 or placebo (dextrose) administered daily for 4 weeks. The participants underwent baseline testing for isometric strength, explosive ability and psychomotor performance, which was repeated at week 2 and week 4. Isometric tests consisted of an Isometric Mid Thigh Pull on a Force Plate (IMTP) and an upper body isometric test (UBIST) using a load cell. Peak force during a countermovement jump (CMJ) was also determined via force plate. A psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) was used to measure sustained reaction time. Analysis of the UBIST data did not reveal a significant group × time interaction (p = 0.14; Vit D pre: 553.7 ± 168.3 N, post: 585.5 ± 150.2 N; Placebo pre: 677.7 ± 182.3 N, post: 649.8 ± 236.9 N). For IMTP no significant group × time interaction (p = 0.83; Vit D pre: 2596.4 ± 342.3 N, post: 2606.9 ± 378.3 N; Placebo pre: 2684.0 ± 432.9 N, post: 2762.6 ± 440.4 N) was found. CMJ analysis did not reveal interaction effects for group × time (p = 0.21; Vit D pre: 4429.7 ± 1619.0 N, post: 4938.5 ± 2374.8 N; Placebo pre: 5537.3 ± 3027.0 N, post: 6266.9 ± 4577.3 N). For PVT (mean reaction time) there was no significant interaction effects for group × time (p = 0.35; Vit D pre: 0.304 ± 0.041 sec, post: 0.301 ± 0.053 sec; Placebo pre: 0.295 ± 0.044 sec, post: 0.284 ± 0.029 sec). In conclusion, four weeks of Vit D supplementation was not effective in increasing musculoskeletal or psychomotor performance.
Lower serum levels of alpha tocopherol and lycopene are associated	with higher pain and physical disability in subjects with primary knee	osteoarthritis: A case-control study
Authors: Eftekharsadat Bina , Aghamohammadi Dawood , Dolatkhah Neda , Hashemian Maryam , Salami Halale 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Background: We aimed to determine dietary intake and serum concentration of α-tocopherol and lycopene in subjects with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in relation to pain intensity and functional status and comparing them with healthy controls. Methods: This case-control study was conducted among 35 patients with primary KOA and 35 matched healthy subjects selected using convenience sampling method. Dietary intakes of alpha-tocopherol and lycopene were estimated from 24-hour dietary records. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster (WOMAC) index were used to assess the pain and functional status, respectively. Results: Serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol ( 0.024 ± 0.005 vs. 0.028 ± 0.007 μmol/ml, p-value = 0.021) and lycopene ( 0.616 ± 0.191 vs. 0.727 ± 0.159 μmol/l, p-value = 0.011) were significantly lower in OA patients in comparison with healthy controls. Dietary intake of alpha-tocopherol was negatively associated with total WOMAC score ( r = –0.401, p–value = 0.021) and pain ( r = –0.356, p-value = 0.042) and physical function ( r = –0.355, p-value = 0.043) subscales. Dietary intake of lycopene was negatively associated with total WOMAC score ( r = –0.616, p-value < 0.001) and pain ( r = –0.348, p-value = 0.047) and physical function ( r = –0.606, p-value < 0.001) subscales. Additionally, serum concentration of alpha-tocopherol was negatively associated with total WOMAC score ( r = –0.574, p-value < 0.001) and physical function subscale ( r = –0.571, p-value < 0.001). Serum concentration of lycopene was negatively associated with total WOMAC score ( r = –0.360, p-value = 0.040) and physical function subscale ( r = –0.350, p-value = 0.046) Conclusion: Serum concentrations of α-tocopherol and lycopene were significantly lower in patients with KOA than in healthy controls. Significant negative association was detected between serum concentration and dietary intake of α-tocopherol and lycopene with functional disability in patients with KOA.
Simultaneous Episodes of Heavy Rainfall in Morocco and Southern Alps: 1. Mesoscale Simulations and Episode Climatology (1979–2016)
Authors: Gangoiti G. , Sáez de Cámara E. , Alonso L. , Iza J. , García J. A. , Valdenebro V. , Gómez M. C. , Navazo M. , García E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe torrential rain and southerly föhn episode on 14–16 November 2002 in the Alpine southside, which affected the Piedmont region, was concurrent with heavy rains in the northwest flanks of the Middle and High Atlas in Morocco. Both simultaneous rainfalls are analyzed, as well as the recent climatology of similar episodes. A mesoscale modelling system is used first to simulate the relevant atmospheric processes and then to map the evaporative sources of both targets. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer water vapor products, National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data sets, radiosondes, wind profilers, and surface rain gauges are used to substantiate the simulations. The evaporative source estimation is discussed in a companion article. The simultaneous episodes originated after the development of a narrow meridionally elongated upper level trough extending southward from the British Islands into Iberia, associated with a semi‐stationary large amplitude wave. A total of 43 similar episodes have been identified during the 38‐year period 1979–2016, averaging one episode per year. However, there is a large interannual variability, with several years with no episodes and, others, which can accumulate up to four episodes. The episode length shows also a high variability, from 2 to 7–8 days. The longest episodes usually include an enlarged “Mediterranean phase” for the rainfalls in the Alps. With respect to their seasonal variability, the largest fraction concentrates in autumn (60%), and no episodes are found from June to August. November accumulates the highest case occurrence (37%) and the observed variability cannot be explained by changes in the phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation.
Fast Transport Pathways Into the Northern Hemisphere Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere During Northern Summer
Authors: Wu Yutian , Orbe Clara , Tilmes Simone , Abalos Marta , Wang Xinyue 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study identifies the fast (i.e.,
days–weeks) transport pathways that connect the Northern Hemisphere surface to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) during northern summer by integrating a large (90 member) ensemble of Boundary Impulse Response tracers in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 5. We show that there is a fast transport pathway that occurs over the southern slope of the Tibetan Plateau, northern India, the Arabian Sea, and Saudi Arabia; furthermore, we show that during July this pathway connects the Northern Hemisphere surface to the UTLS on a modal time scale of 5–10 days. A less efficient transport pathway is also identified over the western Pacific. A detailed budget analysis reveals that, while convective processes are responsible for transport to 200–300 hPa, the resolved dynamics, specifically the vertical eddy flux, dominate at 100–150 hPa. Transport variations are analyzed on weekly, monthly, and interannual time scales and are largely related to differences in the resolved dynamics in the UTLS.
Morphometric Characterization of Longitudinal Striae on Martian Landslides and Impact Ejecta Blankets and Implications for the Formation Mechanism
Authors: Pietrek Alexa , Hergarten Stefan , Kenkmann Thomas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLongitudinal striae are a shared characteristic of long run‐out landslides and layered ejecta crater deposits. They appear to be a fundamental feature of disintegrated mass flows, but their formation and the required conditions are poorly understood. We evaluated their similarity using spectral analysis and assessed the possibility of a common formation mechanism. The topography of striae is scale‐invariant in the form of a power law relationship of the power spectrum and the derived spectral exponent and amplitude factor, which are a measure for roughness, show similar correlations on both types of deposit. There is no correlation to geologic substrate units, latitude, or age. Parameter values are isotropic in horizontal direction for ejecta deposits and show a weak anisotropy for landslide deposits. Spectral parameter values of substrate topography match well with the values of the superposed deposit, which indicates that roughness is transferred from substrate to deposit surface during emplacement. Testing different geometric models, we find that a simple superposition of topography with a semideterministic, anisotropic pattern does not reproduce the patterns of our data. We find that phase locking of a surface with scale‐invariant properties creates striae with fractal properties close to our natural data sets as well as recreating other morphological features that can form alongside striae. Although the transferal of substrate roughness cannot be fully conciliated with conventional flow models, we find that a model that combines advection with lateral diffusion accounts for the unidirectional preservation of phase information and is also consistent with the scale‐invariance of striae.
Winter CO2 Efflux From Sagebrush Shrublands Distributed Across the Rain‐to‐Snow Transition Zone
Authors: Fellows Aaron W. , Flerchinger Gerald N. , Seyfried Mark S. , Biederman Joel A. , Lohse Kathleen A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe projected shifts in winter weather and snowpack conditions are expected to impact carbon storage in western U.S. rangelands. Sagebrush shrublands comprise much of the western United States, yet contribution of winter CO2 efflux to the overall carbon budget of these ecosystems remains uncertain. We explored factors controlling winter CO2 efflux measured using eddy covariance at five sagebrush‐dominated sites along an elevation/climate transect extending from 1,425 to 2,111 m. Results showed that winter CO2 efflux was modest but had important impacts on annual carbon budgets, and its impact increased in high‐elevation, snow‐dominated ecosystems compared to low, rain‐dominated ones. Observed cumulative winter CO2 efflux accounted for 8–30% of annual gross ecosystem production (GEP) and roughly approximated annual net carbon uptake. Omission of winter periods would have increased net uptake by 1.5 to 2.2 times. Within‐site variability in observed 30‐min winter CO2 efflux was related to soil temperature and moisture. Between‐site variability was attributed to available carbon stocks, including soil organic carbon and the previous year's GEP. At low elevations, lack of snow cover to insulate soil from freezing, coupled with lower carbon stocks, limited CO2 efflux. Conversely, large carbon stocks and deep snowpack that prevented soil freezing at high elevation led to increased CO2 efflux. These results show how climate and biota exert strong controls on winter ecosystem respiration and extend our understanding of how state factors influence winter CO2 efflux. Collectively, our findings suggest that an upward climatic shift in the rain‐to‐snow transition elevation may alter the carbon budget of sagebrush shrublands.
On the Occurrence of GPS Signal Amplitude Degradation for Receivers on Board LEO Satellites
Authors: Xiong Chao , Xu Ji‐Sheng , Stolle Claudia , van den Ijssel Jose , Yin Fan , Kervalishvili Guram N. , Zangerl Franz 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTransient signal loss of the global positioning system (GPS) has been frequently observed by receivers on board the European Space Agency's Swarm mission when the satellites encounter ionospheric plasma irregularities. In this study we provided the first comparison of the GPS signal amplitude degradations from receivers on board low Earth orbiting satellites at different altitudes. Intense carrier phase variations but almost no amplitude fades (less than 2 dB Hz) are observed when the spaceborne receiver lies right inside the ionospheric plasma irregularities, like the case for the Swarm and CHAMP satellites flying at about 400–500 km. This indicates that the strong phase variation, but not the amplitude fades, causes the receivers to stop tracking the GPS signals. When the receiver is located 100–200 km below the slab of plasma irregularities, like the case for the GOCE satellite flying at about 250 km, signal amplitude fades exceeding 10 dB Hz are observed, in addition to strong phase variation. Our results suggest that a considerable distance of the receiver to the plasma irregularity slab is needed to affect the Fresnel diffractive process and further causes GPS signal amplitude fades.
CRISPR/Cas9-generated models uncover therapeutic vulnerabilities of del(11q) CLL cells to dual BCR and PARP inhibition
Authors: Quijada-Álamo Miguel , Hernández-Sánchez María , Alonso-Pérez Verónica , Rodríguez-Vicente Ana E. , García-Tuñón Ignacio , Martín-Izquierdo Marta , Hernández-Sánchez Jesús María , Herrero Ana B. , Bastida José María , San Segundo Laura , Gruber Michaela , García Juan Luis , Yin Shanye , ten Hacken Elisa , Benito Rocío , Ordóñez José Luis , Wu Catherine J. , Hernández-Rivas Jesús María 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe deletion of 11q (del(11q)) invariably comprises ATM gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Concomitant mutations in this gene in the remaining allele have been identified in 1/3 of CLL cases harboring del(11q), being the biallelic loss of ATM associated with adverse prognosis. Although the introduction of targeted BCR inhibition has significantly favored the outcomes of del(11q) patients, responses of patients harboring ATM functional loss through biallelic inactivation are unexplored, and the development of resistances to targeted therapies have been increasingly reported, urging the need to explore novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we generated isogenic CLL cell lines harboring del(11q) and ATM mutations through CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing. With these models, we uncovered a novel therapeutic vulnerability of del(11q)/ATM-mutated cells to dual BCR and PARP inhibition. Ex vivo studies in the presence of stromal stimulation on 38 CLL primary samples confirmed a synergistic action of the combination of olaparib and ibrutinib in del(11q)/ATM-mutated CLL patients. In addition, we showed that ibrutinib produced a homologous recombination repair impairment through RAD51 dysregulation, finding a synergistic link of both drugs in the DNA damage repair pathway. Our data provide a preclinical rationale for the use of this combination in CLL patients with this high-risk cytogenetic abnormality.
p53 controls genomic stability and temporal differentiation of human neural stem cells and affects neural organization in human brain organoids
Authors: Marin Navarro Ana , Pronk Robin Johan , van der Geest Astrid Tjitske , Oliynyk Ganna , Nordgren Ann , Arsenian-Henriksson Marie , Falk Anna , Wilhelm Margareta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, we take advantage of human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived neural stem cells and brain organoids to study the role of p53 during human brain development. We knocked down (KD) p53 in human neuroepithelial stem (NES) cells derived from iPS cells. Upon p53KD, NES cells rapidly show centrosome amplification and genomic instability. Furthermore, a reduced proliferation rate, downregulation of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and an upregulation of glycolytic capacity was apparent upon loss of p53. In addition, p53KD neural stem cells display an increased pace of differentiating into neurons and exhibit a phenotype corresponding to more mature neurons compared to control neurons. Using brain organoids, we modeled more specifically cortical neurogenesis. Here we found that p53 loss resulted in brain organoids with disorganized stem cell layer and reduced cortical progenitor cells and neurons. Similar to NES cells, neural progenitors isolated from brain organoids also show a downregulation in several OXPHOS genes. Taken together, this demonstrates an important role for p53 in controlling genomic stability of neural stem cells and regulation of neuronal differentiation, as well as maintaining structural organization and proper metabolic gene profile of neural progenitors in human brain organoids.