bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐home conversations of couples with advanced cancer: Support has its costs
Authors: Reblin Maija , Otto Amy K. , Ketcher Dana , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Ellington Lee , Heyman Richard E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to describe the quality of naturalistic communication between patients with advanced cancer and their spouse caregivers using observational methods. We also assessed the association between patient and caregiver communication behaviors and psychological and physical health using the actor‐partner interdependence model.MethodsData on 81 dyads were gathered as part of a prospective observational study. Patients with advanced cancer and their spouse caregivers completed demographic, physical health, and emotional well‐being questionnaires. Cancer and relationship communication captured in “day‐in‐the‐life” audio recordings were coded using Gottman's Turning System to assess the quality of bids for attention and responses.ResultsBids for attention were most often informational (Low Bids) and responses were mostly positive and effortful (Turn Towards); patients and caregivers did not significantly differ in communication behavior. More effortful bids for attention (High Bids) were associated with more positive and effortful responses. Patient communication behaviors were significantly associated with caregiver emotional well‐being, whereas caregiver communication behaviors were significantly associated with their own emotional well‐being and patient physical health.ConclusionsWhile patients may benefit from caregivers' more positive and engaged communication at home, the emotional labor of focusing on and engaging the patient may take a toll on caregivers' own well‐being. This work contributes to the understanding of what everyday communication looks like for patients with advanced cancer and their spouse caregivers and how this communication may impact physical and psychological health. Our findings provide a foundation to develop guidelines for psychosocial couple‐based interventions.
Nonlinear Optics to Glucose Sensing: Multifunctional Nitrogen and Boron Doped Carbon Dots with Solid‐State Fluorescence in Nanoporous Silica Films
Authors: Kipnusu Wycliffe Kiprop , Doñate‐Buendía Carlos , Fernández‐Alonso Mercedes , Lancis Jesús , Mínguez‐Vega Gladys 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMultifunctional triple color photoluminescent (PL) nitrogen–boron doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with high quantum yield (QY) of 58% are fabricated by one step femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation of a single precursor (2‐aminopyrimidine‐5‐boronic acid) in solution. In situ generated non‐linear and linear emissions are used to monitor CQDs formation which results in enhanced second harmonic generation, two photon absorption (2PA), and linear fluorescence; implying triple mode emission. These CQDs present blue, green, and possible red color rendering which are mostly independent to the respective excitation wavelengths (λ) with large stokes shift of 100 nm. Solid‐state photoluminescence with QY of 46% is achieved by incorporating CQDs into thin transparent nanoporous silica (pSiO2) films (thickness 50 µm) to form a CQDs‐pSiO2 composite which exhibits reverse saturable absorption at λ = 800 nm with 2PA coefficient and excited state absorption cross‐section of 4.94 × 10−10 m W−1 and 6.23 × 10−17 cm2, respectively. CQDs‐pSiO2 is also sensitive to glucose concentration down to 1.0 mg dL−1 in a wide linear range up to 100 mg dL−1. This work therefore demonstrates facile, controllable, and up‐scalable bottom‐up fabrication of CQDs forming multifunctional solid‐state CQDs‐pSiO2 with proven application in optical limiting and glucose sensing.
Leveraging Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Approach into Development of Human Recombinant Follistatin Fusion Protein for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Nguyen Hoa Q. , Iskenderian Andrea , Ehmann David , Jasper Paul , Zhang Zhiwei , Rong Haojing , Welty Devin , Narayanan Rangaraj 
Published: May 2020

Quantitative understanding about the dynamics of drug–target interactions in biological systems is essential, especially in rare disease programs with small patient populations. Follistatin, by antagonism of myostatin and activin, which are negative regulators of skeletal muscle and inflammatory response, is a promising therapeutic target for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. In this study, we constructed a quantitative systems pharmacology model for FS‐EEE‐Fc, a follistatin recombinant protein to investigate its efficacy from dual target binding, and, subsequently, to project its human efficacious dose. Based on model simulations, with an assumed efficacy threshold of 7–10% muscle volume increase, 3–5 mg/kg weekly dosing of FS‐EEE‐Fc is predicted to achieve meaningful clinical outcome. In conclusion, the study demonstrated an application of mechanism driven approach at early stage of a rare disease drug development to support lead compound optimization, enable human dose, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy predictions.
An application of the localized weighted ensemble Kalman filter for ocean data assimilation
Authors: Chen Yan , Zhang Weimin , Wang Pinqiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe presented a new local particle filter named the localized weighted ensemble Kalman filter (LWEnKF), which was tested and verified using a simple high‐dimensional Lorenz 96 model. A revised LWEnKF, the proposal weights calculation of which is modified through localization to prevent filter degeneracy for real geophysical models, is explored further in this article and shows lots of potential in the implementation of real complex models. For geophysical models, the ocean dynamics changes slowly compared with that of the atmosphere. With a relatively low resolution, it is weakly nonlinear in the surface layers of the ocean model used in this article, which fits the linear and Gaussian assumptions of the EnKF but could be a challenge for particle filters in the data assimilation process. With only 50 particles, the LWEnKF assimilates the sea‐surface temperature (SST), sea‐surface height (SSH), temperature, and salinity profiles with affordable computational cost, providing a reasonable forecast. Moreover, the LWEnKF is compared with the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and the local particle filter (PF). For observed variables, the LWEnKF performs comparably to the EnKF, as the observation operator is linear. For unobserved variables, the LWEnKF provides more accurate forecasts than the EnKF, since the latter considers only the correlations, while the former considers higher‐order moments. The local PF ensemble does not converge to the observed solution in an ample amount of time in this study, which needs further investigation.
Incidental synchronous bronchial tumour: an unusual bronchoscopic finding
Authors: Caterino Umberto , Amore Dario , Petagna Chiara , Palma Albina , Caroppo Danila , Massa Simona 
Published: May 2020

Key messageWe describe a patient with incidental endobronchial synchronous hamartoma and typical carcinoid with different management strategy.
Pulmonary tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient with primary laryngeal aspergillosis
Authors: Sarkar Nirmal Kanti , Gope Bijoy Pada 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrimary laryngeal aspergillosis in an immunocompetent host is a rare entity. On the other hand, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among healthcare workers in a tuberculosis endemic zone with high risk of exposure is not uncommon but may be underdiagnosed especially when masquerading as another disease. In this report, we are presenting a 45‐year‐old physician who presented with chronic dry cough, hoarseness of voice, and progressive vocal fatigue. Fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FOL) showed whitish patches on both vocal folds and he was initially diagnosed with laryngeal aspergillosis following histopathological examination. As there was no significant improvement on antifungal treatment, we re‐evaluated the case and, on further investigation, concomitant PTB was detected. Patient responded to category‐I anti‐tubercular drugs with complete recovery.
Mulberry‐Like Core‐Shell Structured C@MnO2 as Electrode Material for Li–Ion Batteries and Pseudo‐Capacitors
Authors: Qi Jie , Zhu Youyu , Zhang Jizong , Wang Chengyang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn present work, mulberry‐like core‐shell structured C@MnO2 was synthesized as electrodes for Li‐ion batteries and pseudo‐capacitors. Benefiting from the nanoporous shell and conductive carbon core that improve the ion transference and conductivity, the C@MnO2 delivers excellent electrochemical performance in terms of a stable lithium storage capacity of 553 mAh g−1 after 250 cycles under 0.5 A g−1 and a high capacitance up to 274.44F g−1 under 1 A g−1 in 6 M KOH and the capacity retention is 90.2% after 5000 cycles. Such electrochemical properties combined with the facile synthesis route make C@MnO2 promising electrode materials for energy storage.
2‐Amino‐5‐(cyanomethylsulfanyl)‐1H‐pyrroles from Propargylamines, Isothiocyanates, and Bromoacetonitrile by One‐Pot Synthetic Protocol
Authors: Tarasova Olga A. , Nedolya Nina A. , Albanov Alexander I. , Trofimov Boris A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTertiary propargylamines (such as N,N‐dialkylpropargylamines, N‐propargylpyrrolidine, ‐piperidine, and ‐morpholine), isothiocyanates, and bromoacetonitrile have been shown to be readily available building blocks for the highly selective one‐pot construction of rare‐functionalized pyrroles, namely so far inaccessible 1‐substituted 2‐amino‐5‐(cyanomethylsulfanyl)‐1H‐pyrroles, in up to 92 % yield. This highly efficient and operationally simple approach includes the initial formation of lithium but‐2‐ynimidothioate (adduct of monolithiated propargylamine and isothiocyanate), its transformation into potassium buta‐2,3‐dienimidothioate under the action of the t‐BuOK/DMSO system (through acetylene‐allene isomerization and the exchange by cations), intramolecular cyclization into potassium thienylamide (at ≤15 °C), followed by its re‐cyclization into potassium pyrrolylsulfide at a higher temperature (45–60 °C), and the final S‐alkylation of the latter with bromoacetonitrile. The total reaction time is 45–60 min.
Base‐Promoted Intramolecular Cyclization and Hydrolysis of 2‐(2‐Formylaryloxy)acetonitriles: An Efficient Domino to Approach Benzofuran‐2‐carboxamides
Authors: A Xue‐Jiao , Li Xia , Liu Bo , Huang Guo‐Li 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA novel, efficient, and practical approach for the synthesis of benzofuran‐2‐carboxamides has been developed through the base‐promoted tandem intramolecular cyclization and hydrolysis of 2‐formylaryloxyacetonitriles at room temperature. This method provides a convenient route to benzofuran‐2‐carboxamides in up to 98% yield with favorable functional group compatibility. A gram‐scale reaction was also performed to demonstrate the scaled‐up applicability of this methodology.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Amounts of Benzotriazole in Aqueous Solutions Using Gold Nanoparticles: Artificial Neural Network Modeling
Authors: Esmaile Narges , Shabaneh Soroush , Mofavvaz Shirin , Sohrabi Mahmoud Reza , Torabi Behzad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry method was applied to determine benzotriazole (BTA) in aqueous solutions based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) property of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The experimental variables such as pH, time, the volume of various buffers, the concentration of different electrolytes, and concentrations of AuNPs were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the proposed method represented a linear range between 10 to 150 μg L−1 (R2= 0.9941) with a detection limit (LOD) of 5 μg L−1. This method was successfully used to measure trace amounts of BTA in Ahwaz drinking water and Ramin power plant cooling water samples. The proposed spectrophotometry assay is accurate, low‐cost, simple, and does not need any separation steps compared to the other methods. In the next step, an artificial neural network (ANN) using Levenberg‐Marquardt (LM) and Resilient Back propagation (RP) algorithms, was used to predict the absorbance of the mentioned factors. For each algorithm, 2 layers and for each layer 2,4,6,8, and 10 neurons were studied. According to mean square error (MSE) and coefficient of determination (R2), the LM algorithm was better than the RP algorithm for the prediction of absorbance.
Appraisal and social support as moderators between stress and physical and psychological quality of life
Authors: Szkody Erica , McKinney Cliff 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOne proposed mechanism of social support is the facilitation of primary and secondary reappraisal of stressful situations. The current study examined the expansion of the original stress‐buffering hypothesis to include primary or secondary appraisal in an emerging adult population (N = 854) on physical and psychological health outcomes. The additional moderating effects of gender also were examined. Perceived social support (by the Multidimensional Survey of Perceived Social Support) significantly buffered the effects of stress from negative events (by the Risky Behaviour and Stressful Events Scale) on physical and psychological health (by the World Health Organizations Quality of Life Instrument) for females only. Neither primary nor secondary appraisal (by the Stress Appraisal Measure) acted as additional buffers for male or females. Social support may be a more salient buffer for females. Reappraisal mechanisms may have another role in the buffering pathways. Further implications and limitations were discussed.
Stachyose Prevents Intestinal Mucosal Injury in the Immunosuppressed Mice
Authors: Shang Xiaoya , He Xiaoqin , Liu Huan , Wen Bingjie , Tan Taicong , Xu Chunlan , Niu Weining , Zhang Yong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStachyose (STA) is extracted from sugar beet and is used as a functional food. In this study, the effects of STA on immunosuppressed mice with intestinal mucosal damage induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) are investigated. STA treatment can improve the amount of the leukocyte in the blood, the bone marrow cell density, and natural killer (NK) cell activity in the immunosuppressed mice. Furthermore, in immunosuppressed mice, the balance of intestinal bacteria is broken and intestinal mucosal integrity is disrupted. After treatment with STA, the amount of Enterococcus (6.504 ± 0.70) decreases and Bifidobacterium (7.207 ± 0.14) in cecum increases significantly (p < 0.05). Compared with CTX group, the ratio of villous height and crypt depth (V/C) in ileum increases from 2.525 ± 0.10 to 4.891 ± 0.16 (p < 0.001), and in jejunum increases from 2.719 ± 0.03 to 5.827 ± 0.19 (p < 0.001). The expression level of IL‐2 and IL‐1β gene in the spleen, and IL‐1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha gene in the ileum in STA group significantly increases (p < 0.001) compared with the CTX group. In conclusion, STA is a potential prebiotic which exerts indirect and direct effects on the immune system and can counteract the side effects of CTX in the immunosuppressed mice.
Changes in Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Corn Flour after Fermentation with Lactobacillus plantarum Y1
Authors: Qi Xin , Yang Shu , Zhao Dongya , Liu Jing , Wu Qingkuo , Yang Qiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCorn flour is fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum Y1 at 37 °C for 60 h to modify its functional properties. The effects of the fermentation on structural and physicochemical properties of corn flour, starch, zein, and glutelin are investigated. Swelling power, solubility, water binding capacity, and light transmittance of corn flour increases significantly after fermentation. The fermentation process reduces the hardness and retrogradation tendency of corn flour dough; while, viscidity, elasticity, and cohesiveness of corn flour dough enhances after fermentation. Microscopy analysis shows that the surface structure of corn flour particles and starch granules become porous after fermentation. Starch isolated from the fermented corn flour shows greater viscosity, pasting temperature, and enthalpy values than those of starch isolated from ordinary corn flour. Zein hydrolyzes moderately and its secondary structure becomes more regular and ordered after fermentation. However, glutelin hydrolyzes to a greater extent and its secondary structure tends to be disordered after fermentation. Cakes made of the fermented corn flour show lower hardness and greater chewiness compared to those of cakes made of the ordinary corn flour. The obtained results indicate that the functional properties of corn flour can be successfully improved by the fermentation with L. plantarum Y1.
One‐way shear strength of wide reinforced concrete members without stirrups
Authors: de Sousa Alex M. D. , Lantsoght Eva O. L. , El Debs Mounir K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe calibration of most analytical models that assess the shear strength of wide reinforced concrete members without shear reinforcement is based on simply supported beam tests, which may not be representative of slabs and wide members failing in shear. This paper addresses the knowledge on the shear strength of wide members, identification of their most important parameters, and an evaluation of the accuracy and precision of the main models presented in codes of practice and literature. A database of 170 shear tests was built on wide members loaded over the entire width, with the ratio width to effective depth b/d > 1. This database includes members under concentrated loads (CLs) and distributed loads (DLs) in the span direction. A parameter analysis revealed such shear strength is mostly influenced by the shear slenderness and size effect rather than by the ratio b/d. Furthermore, the results show a clear decrease in the shear strength of continuous members under DLs to higher shear slenderness, similar to the behavior of members under CLs. This trend was well observed with the proposed model of shear slenderness, which assumes that continuous members with higher bending moment in the span than over the inner support behave closer to simply supported members. A comparison of the shear capacities predicted by the physical‐mechanical and semiempirical approaches showed the higher accuracy and precision of models based on the critical shear crack theory and critical shear displacement theory, regardless of the ratio b/d. Therefore, the same models derived based on beam tests are valid for wide members. Apart from that, the analyses of nonslender members with some strain‐based models combined with reducing factors of the acting shear load provide accurate results of shear strength for members without stirrups.
Emergence of Thailand‐like strains of porcine deltacoronavirus in Guangxi Province, China
Authors: Huang Haixin , Yin Yanwen , Wang Wei , Cao Liang , Sun Wenchao , Shi Kaichuang , Lu Huijun , Jin Ningyi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPorcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) has been detected sporadically in China since its first description in 2012. In our study, 62 faecal and intestinal samples from pigs with diarrhoea were collected in Guangxi Province, China, during 2017 and 2018. Twelve samples (19.4%, 12/62) were positive for PDCoV. Five complete genomes of PDCoV were then determined, and sequence alignment revealed that the five strains had discontinuous deletions at 400–401 aa in non‐structural protein 2 (NSP2) and 758–760 aa in non‐structural protein 3 (NSP3) compared with the respective proteins in the HKU15‐44 strain. Notably, the CHN‐GX81‐2018 strain contained two insertions in the S gene and 3′‐UTR. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that four strains shared 98.2%–98.4% nucleotide identity with CHN‐AH‐2004 and were classified into a new cluster of China lineage strains, whereas the CHN‐GX81‐2018 strain shared 98.7% nucleotide identity with Vietnam/Binh21/2015 and belonged to the Vietnam/Laos/Thailand lineage. Recombination analyses revealed that four strains were the result of recombination between CHN‐HB‐2014 and Vietnam/Binh21/2015 strains. This study demonstrated the co‐existence of multiple lineages of PDCoV in China, and our findings will aid the reorganization and evolution of the virus.
Steady natural convection Couette flow with wall conduction and thermal boundary condition of third kind
Authors: Ajibade Abiodun O. , Umar Ayuba M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study theoretically investigates the effects of viscous dissipation and boundary plate thickness on an incompressible heat generating/absorbing fluid with non‐uniform internal temperature unlike lumped heat capacitance assumption. The flow, which is laminar is induced by free convection caused by asymmetric heating of the channel boundaries and internally generated energy caused by viscous dissipation. In addition, convection through the boundary plates is also considered in the flow formation. One of the plates channel moves along the flow direction while the other is stationary. Due to the non‐linear and coupling nature of the governing flow equations, homotopy perturbation method (HPM) has been adopted to analytically find the approximate solution to the problem. The effects of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic parameters are depicted in graphs and tables. It is discovered from the investigation that, both the velocity and temperature profiles increase with increase in viscous dissipation. Velocity distribution decreases with increase in Biot number while the temperature distribution near the heated plate increases with increase in Biot number. The increase in boundary plate thickness d causes a boost in the fluid flow across the medium and reduces the temperature of the fluid near the heated plate. It is further discovered that the rate of heat transfer on both plates increase with increase in Biot number while they drastically dropped when the boundary plate thickness d is increased. The shear stresses on the surface of both plates increase with increase in heat generation while reverse cases were observed with increase in heat absorption . It is further observed that the volume flow rate within the channel increases with increase in viscous dissipation .
Hg isotopic composition and total Hg mass fraction in NIES Certified Reference Material No. 28 Urban Aerosols
Authors: Yamakawa Akane , Bérail Sylvain , Amouroux David , Tessier Emmanuel , Barre Julien , Sano Tomoharu , Nagano Kimiyo , Kanwal Sadia , Yoshinaga Jun , Donard Olivier F. X. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn interlaboratory study on the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) certified reference material (CRM) No. 28 Urban Aerosols, collected on the filters of a central ventilating system in a building in Beijing city center, was performed to obtain informative values of Hg isotopic composition and total Hg (THg) mass fraction. The THg mass fraction was determined by four organizations using atomic absorption spectrometry; it resulted in the mean value of 1.19 ± 0.12 mg/kg (2SD, n = 24). The Hg isotopic composition of the CRM was measured and intercompared at two different institutions by cold vapor generation system coupled to multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Subsequently, a conventional dissolution method that uses a mixture of HNO3/HCl/H2O2 in Hotblock® and two different dissolution methods that use a mixture of HNO3/HCl with a microwave and a digestion bomb were applied. The Hg isotopic compositions were δ202Hg = − 1.26 ± 0.17‰, Δ199Hg = − 0.23 ± 0.06‰, Δ200Hg = 0.01 ± 0.07‰, and Δ201Hg = − 0.22 ± 0.09‰ (2SD, n = 18) for the conventional method, which agree well with those obtained using microwave and bomb digestion. Our results indicate that, for the quality control of particulate matter analyses, this CRM is appropriate for use in environmental and geochemical studies.