bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing different venous thromboembolism risk assessment machine learning models in Chinese patients
Authors: Wang Xin , Yang Yu‐Qing , Liu Si‐Hua , Hong Xin‐Yu , Sun Xue‐Feng , Shi Ju‐hong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a fatal complication and the most common preventable cause of death in hospitals. The risk‐to‐benefit ratio of thromboprophylaxis depends on the performance of the risk assessment model. A linear model, the Padua model, is recommended for medical inpatients in the United States but is not suitable for Chinese inpatients due to differences in race and disease spectrum. Currently, machine learning (ML) methods show advantages in modeling complex data patterns and have been applied to clinical data analysis. This study aimed to build VTE risk assessment ML models among Chinese inpatients and compare the predictive validity of the ML models with that of the Padua model.MethodsWe used 376 patients, including 188 patients with VTE, to build a model and then evaluate the predictive validity of the model in a consecutive clinical dataset from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Nine widely used ML methods were trained on the model derivation set and then compared with the Padua model.ResultsAmong the nine ML methods, random forest (RF), boosting‐based methods, and logistic regression achieved a higher specificity, Youden index, positive predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than the Padua model on both the test and clinical validation sets. However, their sensitivities were inferior to that of the Padua model. Combined with the receiver operating characteristic curve, RF, as the best performing model, maintained high specificity with relatively better sensitivity and captured VTE patients' patterns more precisely.ConclusionsAdvances in ML technology provide powerful tools for medical data analysis, and choosing models conforming to the disease pattern would achieve good performance. Popular ML models do not surpass the Padua model on all indicators of validity, and the drawback of low sensitivity should be improved upon in the future.
Effects of manufacturing methods on the survival rate of ceramic and indirect composite restorations: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sampaio Flávia B. W. R. , Özcan Mutlu , Gimenez Thais C. , Moreira Maria S. N. A. , Tedesco Tamara K. , Morimoto Susana 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the survival rate of ceramic and indirect composite inlays, onlays, and overlays manufactured according to different methods (CAD/CAM, pressable, and stratified). MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for published articles. Risk of bias, data extraction, subgroup analysis, meta‐analysis, and GRADE was performed.Materials and methodsProspective, retrospective, or RCT studies, without restriction of language, from 1983 to 2019, with follow‐up ≥5 years, reporting survival rates were screened independently by two reviewers in accordance with eligibility criteria.ResultsA total of 13 articles (12 for ceramic, one for indirect composite) met the inclusion criteria. No articles were included regarding crystalline ceramic. The estimated cumulative survival rate for CAD/CAM was 97% after 5 years and 89% after 10 years; for pressable was 95% after 5 years, and for stratified was 88% after 5 years and 93% after 10 years.ConclusionsRegardless of the manufacturing method, vitreous ceramic inlays, onlays, and overlays showed high survival, providing evidence that these restorations are a safe treatment.Clinical relevanceVitreous ceramic inlays, onlays, and overlays showed high survival, regardless of the manufacturing method, providing evidence that these restorations are a safe treatment.
Evolving Federal Policies and Their Implications for Greenbook Interventions
Authors: Stewart Kiersten 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article addresses the influence of the Greenbook on federal policy in the past 20 years and traces the history of federal policy responses to the co‐occurrence of domestic violence and child maltreatment. While there has been some success in getting the domestic violence and child abuse fields to embrace equally the needs of adult and child survivors of domestic violence, federal legislation has progressed slowly, reflecting that ambivalence. Strengthening cross‐system policy advocacy and increasing evidence that addressing domestic violence improves outcomes for children are identified as ongoing needs.
The Greenbook and the Overrepresentation of African American, Hispanic, and Native American Families in the Child Welfare System
Authors: Howze Karen Aileen , McKeig Anne K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEffective Intervention in Domestic Violence & Child Maltreatment Cases: Guidelines for Policy and Practice (the Greenbook) provided a valuable framework for child welfare agencies, domestic violence agencies, and the courts to work together to address the co‐occurrence in families of child maltreatment and domestic violence. It did not specifically address the overrepresentation of families of color in the child welfare system or the disparity of outcomes for these families. Yet the Greenbook’s approach to systems change can be used as a foundation to implement strategies to reduce overrepresentation and to improve safety, permanency, and stability for children and families.
Accelerated shelf‐life study on protein‐enriched carbonated fruit drink
Authors: Hemanth Kumar J , Hema Malini S , Sinija Vadakkepulppara R. , Hema Vincent 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCarbonated beverages are the most popular beverages due to its thirst quenching, fizziness, and refreshing nature. Carbonated drink covers almost half of the total soft drink consumption. Growth rate of soft drinks value is around 11% over the last 2 years. Carbonated fruit drink was prepared using different concentrations of guava fruit juice and egg albumin to develop protein‐enriched carbonated fruit drink. The physicochemical and nutritional properties were studied and the changes were observed with respect to carbonation and egg albumin fortification. The best result was obtained for fruit drink containing 30% fruit juice and 15% egg albumin fortification showed protein content of 10.1 g/100 g. The accelerated storage conditions in the study were 14 and 40°C with 90% relative humidity. The predicted shelf life was 60 days for protein‐enriched carbonated guava drink and 131 days for carbonated guava drink at refrigerated condition without any artificial preservative.Practical applicationsGuava fruit is a rich source of vitamin C and antioxidants like carotene and lycopene, whereas egg albumin is a rich source of essential amino acids and is a complete protein. Lack of nutrition in the carbonated drinks in the present era leads to the development of this drink. Combination of egg albumin with guava makes the carbonated drink more nutritious and this drink can be a very good alternative for carbonated drinks especially whey‐based fruit drinks. Accelerated shelf‐life study can save time to check the shelf stability of the new product launch to the market.
Selective heating and enhanced boiling in microwave heating of multicomponent (solid–liquid) foods
Authors: Gulati Tushar , Datta Ashim K. , Ranjbaran Mohsen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSelective or enhanced heating of a solid in a solid–liquid mixture in microwaves that can lead to enhanced boiling and possibly bumping was studied. A soup containing broth and particulate foods was heated in a cylindrical container in a standard domestic microwave oven. Heating patterns were obtained using a coupled three dimensional thermal‐electromagnetic model, as well as an infrared camera, and boiling was visually observed. Selective heating of the solid particulates over the broth depends on their dielectric and thermal property differential. Enhanced and early boiling on the surface resulting from selective heating also depends on factors that aid in bubble formation and growth such as the surface roughness and porosity (gas pockets) in the solid. For quick prediction of the potential for enhanced heating in product design, a characteristic number was developed that can predict situations that are more prone to enhanced heating than the surrounding liquid.Practical applicationsWhen microwave heating of a soup or a soup‐like multicomponent mixture of solid and liquid foods, for example carrot or corn pieces in a broth, the solid can end up heating faster than the surrounding liquid, leading boiling to be initiated preferentially at the solid surface, as opposed to in the bulk broth. Depending on the solid material and its surface properties, such a boiling can be further enhanced and sudden, leading to possible bumping during the heating process. A simple design parameter, based on easily available dielectric and thermal properties of the solid and liquid, was developed to quickly predict the possibility of such an enhanced heating of the solid surface (that could eventually lead to bumping). When designing microwaveable products like soups, this simple parameter can be of particular help, reducing the time and resources for experimentation by providing a quick estimate of the probability of enhanced boiling and thus bumping.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Adults Over 80: Outcome and the Perception of Appropriateness by Clinicians
Authors: Druwé Patrick , Benoit Dominique D. , Monsieurs Koenraad G. , Gagg James , Nakahara Shinji , Alpert Evan Avraham , van Schuppen Hans , Élő Gábor , Huybrechts Sofie A. , Mpotos Nicolas , Joly Luc‐Marie , Xanthos Theodoros , Roessler Markus , Paal Peter , Cocchi Michael N. , Bjørshol Conrad , Nurmi Jouni , Salmeron Pascual Piñera , Owczuk Radoslaw , Svavarsdóttir Hildigunnur , Cimpoesu Diana , Raffay Violetta , Pachys Gal , De Paepe Peter , Piers Ruth ,   on behalf of the REAPPROPRIATE study group
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVESTo determine the prevalence of clinician perception of inappropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) regarding the last out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) encountered in an adult 80 years or older and its relationship to patient outcome.DESIGNSubanalysis of an international multicenter cross‐sectional survey (REAPPROPRIATE).SETTINGOut‐of‐hospital CPR attempts registered in Europe, Israel, Japan, and the United States in adults 80 years or older.PARTICIPANTSA total of 611 clinicians of whom 176 (28.8%) were doctors, 123 (20.1%) were nurses, and 312 (51.1%) were emergency medical technicians/paramedics.RESULTS AND MEASUREMENTSThe last CPR attempt among patients 80 years or older was perceived as appropriate by 320 (52.4%) of the clinicians; 178 (29.1%) were uncertain about the appropriateness, and 113 (18.5%) perceived the CPR attempt as inappropriate. The survival to hospital discharge for the “appropriate” subgroup was 8 of 265 (3.0%), 1 of 164 (.6%) in the “uncertain” subgroup, and 2 of 107 (1.9%) in the “inappropriate” subgroup (P = .23); 503 of 564 (89.2%) CPR attempts involved non‐shockable rhythms.CPR attempts in nursing homes accounted for 124 of 590 (21.0%) of the patients and were perceived as appropriate by 44 (35.5%) of the clinicians; 45 (36.3%) were uncertain about the appropriateness; and 35 (28.2%) perceived the CPR attempt as inappropriate. The survival to hospital discharge for the nursing home patients was 0 of 107 (0%); 104 of 111 (93.7%) CPR attempts involved non‐shockable rhythms.Overall, 36 of 543 (6.6%) CPR attempts were undertaken despite a known written do not attempt resuscitation decision; 14 of 36 (38.9%) clinicians considered this appropriate, 9 of 36 (25.0%) were uncertain about its appropriateness, and 13 of 36 (36.1%) considered this inappropriate.CONCLUSIONOur findings show that despite generally poor outcomes for older patients undergoing CPR, many emergency clinicians do not consider these attempts at resuscitation to be inappropriate. A professional and societal debate is urgently needed to ensure that first we do not harm older patients by futile CPR attempts. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:39–45, 2019
Investigation of the relationship between inflammatory blood parameters and rosacea and demodex infestation
Authors: Altunisik Nihal , Turkmen Dursun , Sener Serpil 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease. Although the etiopathogenesis of the disease has not been established, it is known that inflammation plays a prominent role in the disease. Demodex mites have been thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of rosacea by causing the occurrence of inflammatory lesions. In the literature, many studies have reported that complete blood count (CBC) parameters have been used as diagnostic biomarkers in diseases associated with inflammatory process.AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate CBC parameters in rosaceous patients with and without demodex mite and to compare with healthy controls (HCs).Patients/MethodsNinety patients followed in our clinic between January and October 2019 and 62 healthy controls matching in terms of age and sex were included in the study. CBC parameters of the patients and the HCs were compared, retrospectively.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in mean platelet volume (MPV), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, monocyte lymphocyte ratio, and platelet lymphocyte ratio levels between all patients and HCs. RDW values were significantly lower in demodex (+) rosace group, when compared to demodex (−) rosace group and HCs.ConclusionsThe lower RDW levels in the demodex (+) group suggested that demodex mite did not have an increasing effect on inflammation and was effective in the disease through alternative pathways.
ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDIA DURING 1950–2015: NEHRUVIAN SOCIALISM TO MARKET CAPITALISM
Authors: Das Deb Kusum , Erumban Abdul Azeez , Mallick Jagannath 
Published: December 2019

AbstractComparisons of pre and postreform economic growth in India are widely researched in the literature. This paper adds to this literature, but with a sectoral growth accounting perspective. We compare the proximate sources of economic growth in India during the 1950–1980 periods, the so‐called Nehruvian socialist regime, with that of the post‐1980 period, which includes the pro‐business reforms in the 1980s and more aggressive pro‐market reforms in the 1990s. We document two important features of India's growth dynamics. First, the overriding importance of the services sector in India's growth is not new, but it has always been the case in independent India. However, there has been a major shift in the composition of service sector growth. While the socialist regime fostered more nonmarket services, including the government sector, the market services sector flourished in the market regime, in terms of labour productivity, TFP and economic growth. Second, the economic growth in the socialist period was substantially driven by capital accumulation, except in the nonmarket services, whereas the market regime sees a combination of both productivity and capital accumulation.
MicroRNA‐222‐3p participates in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting CDKN1B
Authors: Yang Kaicheng , Chen Yanping , Cui Zifeng , Chen He , Yang Lei , Zhao Jianguang , Luo Fengyu , Man Shasha , Zhao Jianghui , Jin Lingyu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the potential role and regulatory mechanism of microRNA (miR)‐222‐3p in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsThe expression level and prognostic significance of miR‐222‐3p was detected in OSCC tissues. CCK‐8, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were used to explore the effect of miR‐222‐3p on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. The influence of miR‐222‐3p on cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) expression was evaluated by luciferase assays, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot.ResultsWe found that miR‐222‐3p was overexpressed in OSCC tissues, comparing with normal tissues. Kaplan‐Meier curves showed that OSCC patients with high expression of miR‐222‐3p (P = .003) showed worse overall survival than those patients with low expression of miR‐222‐3p. Multivariate analysis showed that miR‐222‐3p (P = .037) expression was an independent prognostic factor of OSCC patients. miR‐222‐3p promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induced the apoptosis of SCC‐15 and Tca‐83 cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays indicated that CDKN1B is targeted by miR‐222‐3p in OSCC cells. Overexpression of CDKN1B inhibited OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted cell apoptosis rate.ConclusionsmiR‐222‐3p affects OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis through targeting CDKN1B, and may be a potential prognostic biomarker for OSCC patients.
Beauty and the beast: Promotion concerns and the pursuit of physically attractive mates
Authors: Hui Chin‐Ming , Lui Kelvin F. H. , Lai Wing Yu , Wong Yetta Kwailing , Wong Alan C. N. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveIn the mating market, individuals differ in their aspirations to pursue opposite‐sex mates who have a relatively higher (vs. similar) level of physical attractiveness. Few studies have explored how motivational concerns outside the mating domain can account for these individual differences in romantic aspiration. Based on regulatory focus theory, this research tested how broad concerns for promotion and prevention influence the aspiration and dating outcome.MethodFour studies tested whether promotion concerns increase romantic aspiration and the chance to mate with a more physically attractive partner. The first three studies tested how promotion concerns, either measured (Studies 1a and 2) or manipulated (Study 1b), can influence romantic aspiration. Study 3 further tested how one's chronic promotion concerns are related to the physical attractiveness of the current partner (as rated by observers).ResultsThe first three studies supported the prediction that promotion concerns increase aspiration to pursue more physically attractive mates. The last study also found that, controlling for their own physical attractiveness, individuals with stronger promotion concerns tend to mate with physically attractive partners.ConclusionsThe results highlight the significant roles of broad motivational concerns in determining both aspiration and chance to date a more physically attractive partner.
Stereotypes and chronotopes: The peasant and the cosmopolitan in narratives about migration*
Authors: Creese Angela , Blackledge Adrian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractStereotypes are chronotopic (Bakhtin, 1994) in the sense that they make good use of character types in time and space to utter identifiable speech forms and make evident other semiotic displays. This paper argues for sociolinguistics to expand its interpretation of the chronotope to encompass the relationship between “character” and “author” in identity texts. It suggests that conflating author and character in identity scholarship, as is the case in much sociolinguistic research, risks losing an opportunity to understand how people author characters in their narratives to project sets of values and beliefs. Using linguistic ethnography, we report on two migrant women and their interactions among colleagues to illustrate their authoring of two characters, namely the peasant and the cosmopolitan. We show how these specific women mobilize these characters in narrative production to refute harmful traditions and ethnolinguistic stereotypes in favour of cosmopolitan identities which draw on broader geographical and social scales associated with the city.
Potential of zeolite to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani in lettuce and the induction of defence‐related genes
Authors: Poulaki Eirini G. , Gkizi Danai , Tjamos Sotirios E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe use of zeolite in agriculture as a soil additive has strongly increased in the last decade. However, little experimental evidence exists about the plant protective potential of zeolite and its mode of action. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the activity of zeolite to control the soil‐borne pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani in lettuce. Incorporation of zeolite at a rate of 10% into S. sclerotiorum‐infested soil resulted in significant plant protection, accompanied by increased growth compared with the control plants, whereas zeolite was not effective against R. solani. The plant protective activity of zeolite was studied in association with its potential to induce systemic resistance. For this purpose, the expression of pathogenesis‐related (PR) gene PR1, LIPOXYGENASE (LOX) and ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 1 (ERF1), marker genes of the salicylic acid (SA), jasmonate (JA) and ethylene (ET) dependent defence, respectively, was assessed. Upon infection of lettuce with S. sclerotiorum, zeolite induced the accumulation of LOX and ERF1 transcripts with time. Therefore, it is suggested that zeolite primes the ET/JA‐dependent defence against S. sclerotiorum. In contrast, zeolite‐treated plants showed decreasing levels of LOX and ERF1 transcripts in plants infected with R. solani with time. This discrepancy in the regulation of plant defence mechanisms may explain the contrasting plant protective activity of zeolite against S. sclerotiorum and R. solani.
Evidence‐Based Reviews: How Evidence‐Based Practices are Systematically Identified
Authors: Cook Bryan G. , Collins Lauren W. , Cook Sara Cothren , Cook Lysandra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEvidence‐based reviews are a type of systematic literature review used to identify evidence‐based practices. When conducting an evidence‐based review, researchers apply predetermined standards to identify evidence‐based practices—practices that have been shown to reliably improve an outcome for a population of learners, according to evidence from a body of rigorous, experimental studies. In this article, we describe evidence‐based reviews, provide an overview of one set of evidence standards used in special education, and describe important caveats and considerations related to evidence‐based reviews. We conclude with two examples of evidence‐based reviews in the field of learning disabilities. Our take‐home message is that evidence‐based reviews are a trustworthy approach for identifying generally effective instructional practices—but no practices, not even evidence‐based practices, are effective for all learners.