bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The alarming outbreaks of dengue in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Niran , Subedi Dinesh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection. Since the first reported incidence in 2004, several sporadic outbreaks of dengue have been recorded from both tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal, including the capital city Kathmandu. However, in the last 5 years, the incidence of dengue cases has risen alarmingly. The largest-ever outbreak was reported in 2019, which killed six people. The global warming, unplanned urbanization, increased transportation, and lack of efficient mosquito control are presumably associated with the spread of dengue and its vector to the plane and hilly regions of this country. With the ongoing Nepalese government campaign “Visit Nepal Year 2020” to attract two million tourists in mind, effective dengue control measures must be implemented to control potential future outbreaks.
Pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms: a clinicopathological study of 11 cases and detailed review of literature
Authors: Din Nasir Ud , Zubair Maha , Abdul-Ghafar Jamshid , Ahmad Zubair 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundMucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) of pancreas are relatively rare, occur almost exclusively in middle-aged females, and are overwhelmingly located in the body and tail of the pancreas, histologically show an ovarian type stroma. MCNs are premalignant, low aggressive tumors. Here we describe the clinicopathologic and radiologic features and follow up of cases diagnosed in our practice.We also present a detailed review of recent literature.Materials and methodsBased on strict criteria, 11 cases diagnosed between 2002 and 2016 were included in the study.ResultsAll cases were reviewed histologically. Mean and median age was 46.7 and 46 years respectively. All patients were females and 9 out of 11 cases were located in the body and/or tail of the pancreas. Mean tumor size was 8 cm. Grossly, cysts were uni or multilocular and ranged from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter. Microscopically, all cases showed characteristic tall columnar, mucin producing epithelium and ovarian type stroma. Atypia was mild in 8 cases and severe in 3 cases. The latter 3 cases were classified as non-invasive MCNs with high grade dysplasia (2 cases) and MCN with an associated invasive carcinoma (1 case). On immunohistochemistry, all cases showed epithelial positivity for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and stromal positivity for vimentin and smooth muscle actin. Follow up was available in 7 cases. All patients were alive and well with no recurrence.ConclusionsOur cases show features similar to those described in other published studies although cases in our series tended to be larger in number. Since these tumors are relatively rare, premalignant and have strict diagnostic criteria, they must always be considered in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic mucinous cystic lesions. Larger studies incorporating greater number of patients and more detailed follow up will help in increasing our understanding of MCNs.
The Poetic Power of Theory
Authors: Kluge Alexander 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The roots of theory lie in the spirit of resistance and “essential powers” that Karl Marx and Immanuel Kant ascribed to human beings. The poetic power of social life seeks and finds counter-algorithmic expression through narrative capacities of differentiation, and the poetic power of theory operates as a political alliance out of which emancipation of any kind becomes subjectively possible, without being subjectively controlled. What twenty-first-century forms of theoretical practice, sensory intelligence, and storytelling allow for the courage of cognition in a world dominated by Silicon Valley? If one dissolves the word power into the labor contained in it, petrified concepts are secretly changed, and heterogeneous “second-order” experience is made.
Velocity Loss as a Critical Variable Determining the Adaptations to Strength Training
Authors: PAREJA-BLANCO FERNANDO , ALCAZAR JULIAN , SÁNCHEZ-VALDEPEÑAS JUAN , CORNEJO-DAZA PEDRO J. , PIQUERAS-SANCHIZ FRANCISCO , MORA-VELA RAÚL , SÁNCHEZ-MORENO MIGUEL , BACHERO-MENA BEATRIZ , ORTEGA-BECERRA MANUEL , ALEGRE LUIS M. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to compare the effects of four resistance training (RT) programs with different velocity loss (VL) thresholds: 0% (VL0), 10% (VL10), 20% (VL20), and 40% (VL40) on sprint and jump performance, muscle strength, neuromuscular, muscle hypertrophy, and architectural adaptations.

Methods
Sixty-four young resistance-trained men were randomly assigned into four groups (VL0, VL10, VL20, and VL40) that differed in the VL allowed in each set. Subjects followed an RT program for 8 wk (two sessions per week) using the full-squat (SQ) exercise, with similar relative intensity (70%–85% 1-repetition maximum), number of sets (3), and interset recovery period (4 min). Before and after the RT program, the following tests were performed: 1) muscle hypertrophy and architecture of the vastus lateralis (VLA), 2) tensiomyography, 3) 20-m running sprint, 4) vertical jump, 5) maximal voluntary isometric contraction in SQ, 6) progressive loading test in SQ, and 7) fatigue test.

Results
No between-group differences existed for RT-induced gains in sprint, jump, and strength performance despite the differences in the total volume performed by each group. VL20 and VL40 showed significant increases (P < 0.001) in muscle hypertrophy (group–time interaction, P = 0.06). However, only VL40 exhibited a significant slowing (P < 0.001) of the delay time in the VLA muscle (group–time interaction, P = 0.05). Moreover, VL40 showed a significant decrease in the early rate of force development (P = 0.04).

Conclusions
Higher VL thresholds (i.e., VL20 and VL40) maximized hypertrophic adaptations, although an excessive VL during the set (i.e., VL40) may also induce negative neuromuscular adaptations. Therefore, moderate VL thresholds should be chosen to maximize strength adaptations and to prevent negative neuromuscular adaptations.
Influenza Altmetric Attention Score and its association with the influenza season in USA
Authors: AlRyalat Saif Aldeen , Al Oweidat Khaled , Al-Essa Mohammad , Ashouri Khaled , El Khatib Osama , Al-Rawashdeh Athar , Yaseen Abeer , Toumar Ahmad , Alrwashdeh Anas 
Published: February 2020

Background: Altmetrics measure the impact of journal articles by tracking social media, Wikipedia, public policy documents, blogs, and mainstream news activity, after which an overall Altmetric attention score (AAS) is calculated for every journal article. In this study, we aim to assess the AAS for influenza related articles and its relation to the influenza season in USA. Methods: This study used the openly available Altmetric data from Altmetric.com. First, we retrieved all influenza-related articles using an advanced PubMed search query, then we inputted the resulted query into Altmetric explorer. We then calculated the average AAS for each month during the years 2012-2018. Results: A total of 24,964 PubMed documents were extracted, among them, 12,395 documents had at least one attention. We found a significant difference in mean AAS between February and each of January and March (p< 0.001, mean difference of 117.4 and 460.7, respectively). We found a significant difference between June and each of May and July (p< 0.001, mean difference of 1221.4 and 162.7, respectively). We also found a significant difference between October and each of September and November (p< 0.001, mean difference of 88.8 and 154.8, respectively). Conclusion: We observed a seasonal trend in the attention toward influenza-related research, with three annual peaks that correlated with the beginning, peak, and end of influenza seasons in USA, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data.
Von Willebrand and Factor VIII Portosystemic Circulation Gradient in Cirrhosis: Implications for Portal Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Praktiknjo Michael , Trebicka Jonel , Carnevale Roberto , Pastori Daniele , Queck Alexander , Ettorre Evaristo , Violi Francesco 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Portal vein thrombosis seems to be dependent on local hypercoagulation and venous stasis; data regarding endothelial damage are lacking.

METHODS:
von Willebrad factor, a marker of endothelial damage/perturbation, factor VIII, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were studied in the portal and systemic circulation of 20 cirrhotic patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic procedure.

RESULTS:
von Willebrad factor, factor VIII, and LPS were higher in the portal compared with systemic circulation, with a significant correlation between LPS and the other 2 variables.

DISCUSSION:
Endothelial damage and hypercoagulation coexist in the portal tree of patients with cirrhosis, and both could contribute to portal vein thrombosis. LPS may be a potential trigger of endothelial damage.
Noninvasive Application of Alternating Electric Fields in Glioblastoma: A Fourth Cancer Treatment Modality
Authors: Gutin Philip H. , Wong Eric T. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Tumor treating fields (TTF) therapy is a novel antimitotic, electric field–based treatment for cancer. This nonchemical, nonablative treatment is unlike any of the established cancer treatment modalities, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Recently, it has entered clinical use after a decade of intensive translational research. TTF therapy is delivered to patients by a portable, battery-operated, medical device using noninvasive transducer arrays placed on the skin surface surrounding the treated tumor. TTF therapy is now a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved treatment for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) who have exhausted surgical and radiation treatments. This article will introduce the basic science behind TTF therapy, its mechanism of action, the preclinical findings that led to its clinical testing, and the clinical safety and efficacy data available to date, as well as offer future research directions on this novel treatment modality for cancer.
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Dawson Laura A. , Hashem Sameh , Bujold Alexis 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), in which highly conformal potent radiation doses are delivered in fewer fractions than traditional radiation therapy (RT), is an increasingly popular treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The great majority of HCCs smaller than 6 cm and with Child-Pugh A liver function are controlled with SBRT with limited toxicity. Long-term local control is reduced in larger tumors, and toxicity is increased in patients with Child-Pugh B or C liver function. SBRT is an effective treatment for tumor vascular thrombi and can lead to sustained vascular recanalization. The first site of recurrence following SBRT is most often within the liver, away from the high dose volume, providing rationale for combining SBRT with regional or systemic therapies. Randomized trials of SBRT are warranted.
Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Alvarado Michael , Ozanne Elissa , Esserman Laura 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Through greater awareness, mammographic screening, and aggressive biopsy of calcifications, the proportion of low-grade, early stage cancers and in situ lesions among all breast cancers has risen substantially. The introduction of molecular testing has increased the recognition of lower risk subtypes, and less aggressive treatments are more commonly recommended for these subtypes. Mammographically detected breast cancers are much more likely to have low-risk biology than symptomatic tumors found between screenings (interval cancers) or that present as clinical masses. Recognizing the lower risk associated with these lesions and the ability to confirm the risk with molecular tests should safely enable the use of less aggressive treatments. Importantly, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) lesions, or what have been called stage I cancers, in and of themselves are not life-threatening. In situ lesions have been treated in a manner similar to that of invasive cancer, but there is little evidence to support that this practice has improved mortality. It is also being recognized that DCIS lesions are heterogeneous, and a substantial proportion of them may in fact be precursors of more indolent invasive cancers. Increasing evidence suggests that these lesions are being overtreated. The introduction of molecular tests should be able to help usher in a change in approach to these lesions. Reclassifying these lesions as part of the spectrum of high-risk lesions enables the use of a prevention approach. Learning from the experience with active surveillance in prostate cancer should empower the introduction of new approaches, with a focus on preventing invasive cancer, especially given that there are effective, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved breast cancer preventive interventions.
Encountering Grief in Patient Care
Authors: Gilewski Teresa 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Grief is essentially unavoidable and is a normal reaction to loss. Grief may be experienced by patients and their loved ones as well as by physicians and members of the health care team in response to the consequences of illness or death. Grief is typified by certain indicators that may significantly effect one's emotional and physical well-being. Although these indicators tend to follow a general pattern, there is variability among individuals. Complicated grief may require psychiatric intervention. Caring for the seriously ill or dying patient may be particularly challenging from an emotional level and may increase the risk of burnout. Recognition of these emotions is a critical aspect of providing compassionate care on a sustainable level. Various strategies may be beneficial in coping with grief, and the exploration of grief may provide greater insight into the humanistic basis of medicine.
Is Biopsy Safe in Children with Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma?
Authors: Puget Stephanie , Blauwblomme Thomas , Grill Jacques 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), with a median survival of 9 months, represent the biggest therapeutic challenge in pediatric neuro-oncology. Despite many clinical trials, no major improvements in treatment have been made over the past 30 years. In most cases, biopsy is not needed for diagnosis because DIPG diagnosis is based on a typical clinical picture with radiologic evidence on magnetic resonance imaging. Therefore, little data on newly diagnosed DIPG have been published and are confounded by including autopsy (i.e., postradiation therapy) cases. In most cancers, advancing to cure has been linked to the discovery of relevant biomarkers, only found by access to tissue. Therefore, to further understand the biology of DIPG, fresh tissue samples must be obtained at diagnosis. However, most neurosurgical teams are reluctant to perform biopsy in pediatric patients, citing potential risks and lack of direct benefit. Yet, in reviewing 90 patients with and the published data on brainstem biopsy, these procedures have a diagnostic yield and morbidity and mortality rates similar to those reported for other brain locations. In addition, the quality and quantity of the material obtained confirm the diagnosis and inform an extended molecular screen, including biomarker study—information important to designing next-generation trials with targeted agents. Stereotactic biopsies can be considered a safe procedure in well-trained neurosurgical teams and could be incorporated in well-defined protocols for patients with DIPG.
Uterine Sarcomas: Histology and Its Implications on Therapy
Authors: Hensley Martee L. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Uterine sarcomas are rare cancers, they comprise only 5% of all uterine malignancies. There are about 2,000 cases of uterine sarcoma diagnosed annually in the United States. Uterine sarcomas may be categorized as either favorable-risk, low-grade malignancies with a relatively good prognosis or as poor-risk, high-grade cancers that carry a high risk for tumor recurrence and disease progression. Expert histologic review is critical for appropriate diagnosis and management. Uterine sarcoma histologies considered to carry a more favorable prognosis include low-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas and adenosarcomas. The high-grade sarcomas include high-grade leiomyosarcomas, high-grade undifferentiated endometrial sarcomas, and adenosarcomas with sarcomatous overgrowth. The favorable histology, low-grade uterine sarcomas may be cured with surgical resection of uterus-limited disease. These tumors are often hormone-sensitive, and treatment with hormonal therapies may be efficacious for patients with advanced, unresectable disease. High-grade uterine leiomyosarcomas and undifferentiated endometrial sarcomas carry a high risk for recurrence, even after complete resection of uterus-limited disease. No adjuvant intervention has been shown to improve survival outcomes. Advanced, metastatic disease is generally treated with systemic cytotoxic therapies, which may result in objective response but is not curative. Selected patients with isolated metastatic disease and a long disease-free interval may benefit from metastatectomy.
Targeting CD30 in Hodgkin Lymphoma: Antibody-Drug Conjugates Make a Difference
Authors: Diefenbach Catherine S. M. , Leonard John P. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: CD30 expression is characteristic of the malignant Reed-Sternberg cell in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and several other lymphoid malignancies, such as anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). Although unconjugated anti-CD30 antibodies have had minimal therapeutic activity in patients with HL as single agents, the CD30-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) brentuximab vedotin has demonstrated activity that has resulted in its recent regulatory approval for the treatment of patients with relapsed HL and ALCL. Approximately 75% of patients with recurrent HL achieve objective responses, with the principal toxicity being peripheral neuropathy. Ongoing studies are evaluating treatment with this agent as part of first-line therapy, for patients with relapsed disease, and for patients with resistant disease and limited other options. Brentuximab vedotin demonstrates the therapeutic value of antibody-drug conjugation and serves as a model of how a novel, targeted approach can be employed to potentially further improve outcomes in settings where curative chemotherapeutic regimens are already available.
Exploring research data management planning challenges in practice
Authors: Lefebvre Armel , Bakhtiari Baharak , Spruit Marco 
Published: February 2020

AbstractResearch data management planning (RDMP) is the process through which researchers first get acquainted with research data management (RDM) matters. In recent years, public funding agencies have implemented governmental policies for removing barriers to access to scientific information. Researchers applying for funding at public funding agencies need to define a strategy for guaranteeing that the acquired funds also yield high-quality and reusable research data. To achieve that, funding bodies ask researchers to elaborate on data management needs in documents called data management plans (DMP). In this study, we explore several organizational and technological challenges occurring during the planning phase of research data management, more precisely during the grant submission process. By doing so, we deepen our understanding of a crucial process within research data management and broaden our understanding of the current stakeholders, practices, and challenges in RDMP.
Photonic Crystal-Based All-Optical Half Adder with High Contrast Ratio
Authors: Pathak Priyanka , Zafar Rukhsar , Kanungo Vinay , Vyas Sandeep 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Photonic crystal waveguides provide a way to manipulate the performance of an optical signal in an ultra-small volume and are quite viable in designing chip-based components that will work all-optically. Here, in this article an all-optical half adder is proposed. It is based on a square lattice photonic crystal waveguide in which silicon rods are arranged periodically. The photonic crystal offers a wide photonic band-gap in the desired region of telecommunication wavelength (i. e. near λ = 1550 nm. The performance of half Adder is measured using the contrast ratio and response time. The contrast ratio for sum and carry is 5.2 dB and 16.7 dB, respectively. The proposed half adder is miniaturized in size and having a footprint of 49 µm2 only. The total response time of the proposed adder is 1.4 picoseconds only. So, the device offers a high bit rate of 0.714 Tb/sec. The proposed half adder is an optimum choice for its application in on-chip optical integrated circuits.
Describing the Pearson 𝑅 distribution of aggregate data
Authors: Torres David J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ecological studies and epidemiology need to use group averaged data to make inferences about individual patterns.
However, using correlations based on averages to estimate correlations of individual scores is subject to an “ecological fallacy”.
The purpose of this article is to create distributions of Pearson R correlation values computed from grouped averaged or aggregate data using Monte Carlo simulations and random sampling.
We show that, as the group size increases, the distributions can be approximated by a generalized hypergeometric distribution.
The expectation of the constructed distribution slightly underestimates the individual Pearson R value, but the difference becomes smaller as the number of groups increases.
The approximate normal distribution resulting from Fisher’s transformation can be used to build confidence intervals to approximate the Pearson R value based on individual scores from the Pearson R value based on the aggregated scores.
Broadband wavelength demultiplexer using Fano-resonant metasurface
Authors: Mun Sang-Eun , Choi Chulsoo , Hong Jongwoo , Lee Byoungho 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Fano resonance, one of the interesting resonance phenomena in physics, provides versatile applications when combined with a concept of metasurface in nanophotonics. Fano-resonant metasurface (FRM) is attracting a lot of attention due to its superior narrowband characteristics as well as design freedom of metasurfaces in nanoscale. However, only the control of apparent asymmetric spectral nature of Fano resonance has been focused at applications such as optical sensors, as the amplitude feature of Fano resonances is relatively easy to control and can be measured by an experimental setup. Here, a method for modulating the phase information of FRM by both simulation and experiment is demonstrated. As a proof of concept, an optical demultiplexer, which can divide four target wavelengths in different directions of free space, is verified experimentally. It covers a broadband wavelength range of more than 350 nm in the near-infrared region with extremely small full-width at half-maximum. This approach can offer the complete control of FRM for a wide range of applications, including optical multiplexers, routers, filters, and switches, beyond conventional applications that have been limited to the amplitude control of Fano resonance.