bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PI3K inhibition reverses migratory direction of single cells but not cell groups in electric field
Authors: Sun Y , Yue H , Copos C , Zhu K , Zhang Y , Sun Y , Gao X , Reid B , Lin F , Zhao M , Mogilner A 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTMotile cells migrate directionally in the electric field in a process known as galvanotaxis. Galvanotaxis is important in wound healing, development, cell division, and nerve growth. Different cell types migrate in opposite directions in electric fields, to either cathode, or anode, and the same cell can switch the directionality depending on chemical conditions. We previously reported that individual fish keratocyte cells sense electric fields and migrate to the cathode, while inhibition of PI3K reverses single cells to the anode. Many physiological processes rely on collective, not individual, cell migration, so here we report on directional migration of cohesive cell groups in electric fields. Uninhibited cell groups of any size move to the cathode, with speed decreasing and directionality increasing with the group size. Surprisingly, large groups of PI3K-inhibited cells move to the cathode, in the direction opposite to that of individual cells, which move to the anode, while such small groups are not persistently directional. In the large groups, cells’ velocities are distributed unevenly: the fastest cells are at the front of the uninhibited groups, but at the middle and rear of the PI3K-inhibited groups. Our results are most consistent with the hypothesis, supported by the computational model, that cells inside and at the edge of the groups interpret directional signals differently. Namely, cells in the group interior are directed to the cathode independently of their chemical state. Meanwhile, edge cells behave like the individual cells: they are directed to the cathode/anode in uninhibited/PI3K-inhibited groups, respectively. As a result, all cells drive uninhibited groups to the cathode, but a mechanical tug-of-war between the inner and edge cells directs large PI3K-inhibited groups with cell majority in the interior to the cathode, while rendering small groups non-directional.Significance statementMotile cells migrate directionally in electric fields. This behavior – galvanotaxis – is important in many physiological phenomena. Individual fish keratocytes migrate to the cathode, while inhibition of PI3K reverses single cells to the anode. Uninhibited cell groups move to the cathode. Surprisingly, large groups of PI3K-inhibited cells also move to the cathode, in the direction opposite to that of individual cells. The fastest cells are at the front of the uninhibited groups, but at the middle and rear of the PI3K-inhibited groups. We posit that inner and edge cells interpret directional signals differently, and that a tug-of-war between the edge and inner cells directs the cell groups. These results shed light on general principles of collective cell migration.
Pre-attentive processing of neutral and emotional sounds in congenital amusia
Authors: Pralus Agathe , Gomot Marie , Graves Jackson , Cholvy Fanny , Fornoni Lesly , Tillmann Barbara , Caclin Anne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCongenital amusia is a life-long deficit of musical processing. This deficit can extend to the processing of language and in particular, emotional prosody. In a previous behavioral study, we revealed that while amusic individuals had difficulties in explicitly recognizing emotions for short vowels, they rated the emotional intensity of these same vowels as did their matched control participants. This finding led to the hypothesis that congenital amusics might be impaired for explicit emotional prosody recognition, but not for its implicit processing. With the aim to investigate amusics’ automatic processing of prosody, the present study measured electroencephalography (EEG) when participants listened passively to vowels presented within an oddball paradigm. Emotionally neutral vowel served as the standard and either emotional (anger and sadness) or neutral vowels as deviants. Evoked potentials were compared between participants with congenital amusia and control participants matched in age, education, and musical training. The MMN was rather preserved for all deviants in amusia, whereas an earlier negative component was found decreased in amplitude in amusics compared to controls for the neutral and sadness deviants. For the most salient deviant (anger), the P3a was decreased in amplitude for amusics compared to controls. These results showed some preserved automatic detection of emotional deviance in amusia despite an early deficit to process subtle acoustic changes. In addition, the automatic attentional shift in response to salient deviants at later processing stages was reduced in amusics in comparison to the controls. In the three ERPs related to the deviance, between-group differences were larger over bilateral prefrontal areas, previously shown to display functional impairments in congenital amusia. Our present study thus provides further understanding of the dichotomy between implicit and explicit processing in congenital amusia, in particular for vocal stimuli with emotional content.
ALIX and ceramide differentially control polarized exosome release from epithelial cells
Authors: Matsui Takahide , Hiragi Shu , Osaki Futaba , Sakamaki Yuriko , Fukuda Mitsunori 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExosomes, new players in cell-cell communication, are extracellular vesicles of endocytic origin. Although single cells are known to release various kinds of exosomes (referred to as exosomal heterogeneity), very little is known about the mechanisms by which they are produced and released. Here, we established methods for studying exosomal heterogeneity by using polarized epithelial cells and showed that distinct types of exosomes are differentially secreted from the apical and basolateral sides. We also identified GPRC5C (G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member C) as an apical-exosome-specific protein. We further demonstrated that basolateral exosome release depends on ceramide, whereas ALIX, an ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport)-related protein, not the ESCRT machinery itself, is required for apical exosome secretion. Thus, two independent machineries, the ALIX–Syntenin1– Syndecan1 machinery (apical side) and the sphingomyelinase-dependent ceramide production machinery (basolateral side), are likely to be responsible for the polarized exosome release from epithelial cells.
Performance implication of supplier relationship quality: a structural analysis
Authors: Yang Jie , Xie Hongming , Wang Jifu , Yang Yingnan 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of supplier relationship quality on curtailing opportunism and promoting cooperation between the exchange partners. It also investigates the contingent impact of contract specificity on the relationships and assesses performance implications of relationship quality for both buyer and its major supplier in the exchange.Design/methodology/approachConfirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were performed based on data collected from manufacturers in a survey. The hypotheses were tested using path analysis.FindingsThe findings of this study indicate a pivotal role of supplier relationship quality in suppressing opportunism and enhancing cooperation between exchange parties, which lead to dyadic performance. Furthermore, the effect of supplier relationship quality is strengthened by contract specificity.Originality/valueThis study adds value to the existing streams of studies in several ways. First, informed by the nexus of relational capital theory and transaction cost economics, the authors emphasize the pivotal role of relationship quality in curtailing opportunism and fostering cooperation and the moderating effect of contract specificity on the above linkages. Second, this study provides empirical evidence of the mechanism of the effect of contract specificity on opportunism and cooperation.
The potential impact of managerial entrenchment on firms’ corporate social responsibility activities and financial performance: evidence from Iran
Authors: Salehi Mahdi , Mahmoudabadi Mahbubeh , Adibian Mohammad Sadegh , Rezaei Ranjbar Hossein 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe present study aims to assess the effect of managerial entrenchment on firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and financial performance in Iran.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the variable of managerial entrenchment, which includes board independence, management duality, management tenure, the board compensation, independence and ownership percentage, is initially analyzed using the exploratory factor analysis method, and its effect on performance and CSR is evaluated using the multivariable regression test. Given that a total of 103 listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange are selected during 2012–2017. In this paper, return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’sQare the two variables to measure financial performance.FindingsThe results of hypotheses testing indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between managerial entrenchment and financial performance based on the ROA and Tobin’sQindices, separately. Moreover, the results of this study indicate that there is also a positive and significant relationship between managerial entrenchment and CSR activities.Originality/valueThe current study almost is the first study, conducted in a developing country similar to Iran, and the provided results might be beneficial to other developing countries.
Sustainable operations practices and sustainable performance: relationships and moderators
Authors: Tondolo Vilmar Antonio Gonçalves , D'Agostini Marina , Camargo Maria Emília , Tondolo Rosana da Rosa Portella , Souza Josefer de Lima , Longaray André Andrade 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships among four types of sustainable operations practices and sustainable performance in the environmental, economic and social dimensions and identifies significant moderators.Design/methodology/approachIn order to achieve the proposed goal, this study was developed through a systematic review of the literature followed by a meta-analysis of the correlations and by a meta-regression. The sampling criteria were quantitative operations management articles published through 2019.FindingsThe results suggest that all 13 analyzed relationships are positive and are affected by moderators.Research limitations/implicationsIn theoretical terms, this study reinforces the positive relationship between sustainable operations practices and performance and, more importantly, detects moderating effects. One of the study limitations is the composition of the sample, focusing exclusively on quantitative correlational articles published in journals.Practical implicationsIn practice, the findings of this study imply that managers should be vigilant in implementing sustainable operations practices, observing the conditions in which more of these practices can be implemented into performance.Originality/valueThis study differs from others because it includes the social dimension of sustainable performance and the identification of moderators.
Research literature on leadership of knowledge workers: where are we, and where should we be heading?
Authors: Issahaka Abdallah Wumpini , Lines Rune 
Published: August 2020

PurposeWith the transition into a knowledge economy, the concept of leading knowledge workers (KWs) has gained an increasing amount of attention in organisational studies and among practitioners. The emerging literature on the leadership of KW addresses an important phenomenon, but theoretical underpinnings and empirical inquiry into leadership effectiveness in a KW context do not agree on a common conceptualisation of KWs. Thus, a concerted research effort seems warranted.Design/methodology/approachThe purpose of this study is to take stock of the existing literature on the leadership of KW. Based on a critical literature review, this paper provides a timely synthesis of the diffuse literature and identifies research gaps facing the leadership of KW field.FindingsThis paper suggests that the literature to date is deficient in terms of theory and evidence for how KWs are different from other classes of workers and argues that this deficiency stands in the way of developing ideas about how KWs could be effectively led.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper extends a discussion on establishing “KW” as a clear, independent construct and how the nomological network in which KW is situated (i.e. leadership antecedents, and workplace outcomes) may be elucidated, extended and researched.Originality/valueThis paper extends beyond the identified research gaps and findings to present an agenda for future research. Specifically, we propose that insights from research in educational psychology should be used as a platform for theorising about how to lead in a KW context.
Sport nostalgia builds customer equity and future behavior
Authors: Cho Heetae , Chiu Weisheng 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among nostalgia, customer equity and behavioral intentions. Specifically, consumers' intentions of purchase and word of mouth were assessed in this study.Design/methodology/approachA total of 272 responses were collected from football fans in Singapore. This study conducted partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test hypotheses using SmartPLS 3.0.FindingsResults showed that the paths from nostalgia to value equity, brand equity and relationship equity were significant, whereas the direct influence of nostalgia on revisit intention and word-of-mouth intention was not found. In addition, value equity, brand equity and relationship equity positively affected intentions of revisitation and word of mouth.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to expanding the literature by introducing nostalgia and providing theoretical and practical implications, which enable marketers and managers to predict consumers' behavior and optimize their customer equity.
Personality and behavioral changes in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) following the death of herd members
Authors: RUTHERFORD Lucy , MURRAY Lindsay E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractElephants are highly social beings with complex individual personalities. We know that elephants have a general interest in death, investigating carcasses, not just limited to kin; however, research does not explore in depth whether individuals change their behavior or personality following traumatic events, such as the death of a conspecific. Within a captive herd of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) housed at Chester Zoo, UK, we measured social behavior and proximity and personality using the Ten‐Item Personality Inventory, and found age‐related and relationship‐related changes in both behavior and personality following the deaths of herd members. Overall, the herd spent less time socializing and engaging in affiliative behaviors following the death of the adult female when compared to baseline data, yet spent more time engaging in these behaviors after the death of two calves. The death of the central female had a dramatic impact on her infant calf, resulting in increasingly withdrawn behavior, yet had the opposite effect on her adult daughter, who subsequently established a more integrated role within the herd. Emotional Stability fell in the motherless calf but rose in an adult female, who had lost her adult daughter, but had a new calf to care for. We suggest that the greater impact on the behavior and personality of surviving herd members following the deaths of calves, compared to an adult member, attests to the significance of the unifying role played by calves within an elephant herd.
Accurate detection of spontaneous seizures using a generalized linear model with external validation
Authors: Fumeaux Nicolas F. , Ebrahim Senan , Coughlin Brian F. , Kadambi Adesh , Azmi Aafreen , Xu Jen X. , Abou Jaoude Maurice , Nagaraj Sunil B. , Thomson Kyle E. , Newell Thomas G. , Metcalf Cameron S. , Wilcox Karen S. , Kimchi Eyal Y. , Moraes Marcio F. D. , Cash Sydney S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveSeizure detection is a major facet of electroencephalography (EEG) analysis in neurocritical care, epilepsy diagnosis and management, and the instantiation of novel therapies such as closed‐loop stimulation or optogenetic control of seizures. It is also of increased importance in high‐throughput, robust, and reproducible pre‐clinical research. However, seizure detectors are not widely relied upon in either clinical or research settings due to limited validation. In this study, we create a high‐performance seizure‐detection approach, validated in multiple data sets, with the intention that such a system could be available to users for multiple purposes.MethodsWe introduce a generalized linear model trained on 141 EEG signal features for classification of seizures in continuous EEG for two data sets. In the first (Focal Epilepsy) data set consisting of 16 rats with focal epilepsy, we collected 1012 spontaneous seizures over 3 months of 24/7 recording. We trained a generalized linear model on the 141 features representing 20 feature classes, including univariate and multivariate, linear and nonlinear, time, and frequency domains. We tested performance on multiple hold‐out test data sets. We then used the trained model in a second (Multifocal Epilepsy) data set consisting of 96 rats with 2883 spontaneous multifocal seizures.ResultsFrom the Focal Epilepsy data set, we built a pooled classifier with an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROC) of 0.995 and leave‐one‐out classifiers with an AUROC of 0.962. We validated our method within the independently constructed Multifocal Epilepsy data set, resulting in a pooled AUROC of 0.963. We separately validated a model trained exclusively on the Focal Epilepsy data set and tested on the held‐out Multifocal Epilepsy data set with an AUROC of 0.890. Latency to detection was under 5 seconds for over 80% of seizures and under 12 seconds for over 99% of seizures.SignificanceThis method achieves the highest performance published for seizure detection on multiple independent data sets. This method of seizure detection can be applied to automated EEG analysis pipelines as well as closed loop interventional approaches, and can be especially useful in the setting of research using animals in which there is an increased need for standardization and high‐throughput analysis of large number of seizures.
Characterisation and in vitro cytotoxicity of toxic and degradation compounds in bamboo shoots (Dendrocalamus Sinicus) during traditional fermentation
Authors: Yi Junjie , Li Meiqi , Yang Meilian , Cai Shengbao , Zhao Tianrui , Cao Jianxin , Cheng Guiguang 
Published: August 2020

SummaryFermentation has been historically applied to reduce bamboo shoot (BS) toxicity. However, the underlying degradation pathway of the toxic compounds remains unknown. In this work, the cytotoxicity of BS against the BRL‐3A cells was evaluated, and the changes in chemical constituents were determined to reveal the influence of fermentation on BS. The in vitro toxic evaluation revealed fermentation time was crucial in decreasing the toxicity. The main compounds in fresh and fermented were qualitatively and quantitatively determined and were further targeted isolated and identified. A mathematical model to describe the change rate as a function of fermentation time was formulated. Dynamic profiling revealed that taxiphyllin 1, p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde 2 and methyl‐p‐hydroxybenzoate 3 decreased and transformed into intermediate compounds (p‐hydroxybenzoic acid 4 and p‐hydroxybenzyl alcohol 5), finally converting into p‐hydroxytoluene 6 during fermentation. The results provided basis on the chemical components for practical fermentation and the quality control of BS products.
Nurses working in healthcare facilities during natural disasters: a qualitative enquiry
Authors: Scrymgeour G. C. , Smith L. , Maxwell H. , Paton D. 
Published: August 2020

AimTo explore the ability of nurses to be adequately ready for and to respond to a disaster caused by a natural hazard.BackgroundDuring a disaster involving a healthcare facility, nurses are commonly the largest group of healthcare workers impacted. The range of problems facing nurses working in healthcare facilities in Australia and New Zealand at the time of disasters triggered by earthquakes and bushfires have been underexamined.MethodsA qualitative enquiry was used to explore matters facing nurses working in residential healthcare facilities during a natural disaster. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify the key themes from fifteen in‐depth interviews with nurses.FindingsParticipants preserved a robust sense of professional duty, personal obligation and responsibility to their family, patients and the facility, demonstrating the ability to adapt, cope and respond despite experiencing diverse personal, structural and organizational barriers.DiscussionSupport was provided for using interactive systems and socio‐ecological frameworks to better understand the contributions that individuals, teams and organizations make to facilitate the development and maintenance of adaptive capacity and resilience in a nursing workforce. An ecological model of adaptive capacity can be operationalized to guide education, training for nurses and the development of organizational systems and strategies.ConclusionThis study identified factors that help and hinder a nursing workforce’s ability to prepared for, adapt to and learn from natural hazard disasters.Implications for Nursing PolicyThis understanding of disaster preparedness and how this may be applied to enable the growth of adaptive nurses provides an insight for a global audience which also adds to nurse education, service delivery, organizational and policy development.
Low‐energy shock wave pretreatment recruit circulating endothelial progenitor cells to attenuate renal ischaemia reperfusion injury
Authors: Liu Jingyu , Dou Quanliang , Zhou Changcheng , Zhou Liuhua , Zhao Feng , Xu Luwei , Xu Zheng , Ge Yuzheng , Wu Ran , Jia Ruipeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLow‐energy shock wave (LESW) has been recognized as a promising non‐invasive intervention to prevent the organs or tissues against ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI), whereas its effect on kidney injury is rarely explored. To investigate the protective role of pretreatment with LESW on renal IRI in rats, animals were randomly divided into Sham, LESW, IRI and LESW + IRI groups. At 4, 12, 24 hours and 3 and 7 days after reperfusion, serum samples and renal tissues were harvested for performing the analysis of renal function, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and Western blot, as well as enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were isolated, labelled with fluorescent dye and injected by tail vein. The fluorescent signals of EPCs were detected using fluorescence microscope and in vivo imaging system to track the distribution of injected circulating EPCs. Results showed that pretreatment with LESW could significantly reduce kidney injury biomarkers, tubular damage, and cell apoptosis, and promote cell proliferation and vascularization in IRI kidneys. The renoprotective role of LESW pretreatment would be attributed to the remarkably increased EPCs in the treated kidneys, part of which were recruited from circulation through SDF‐1/CXCR7 pathway. In conclusion, pretreatment with LESW could increase the recruitment of circulating EPCs to attenuate and repair renal IRI.