bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of assistive technology on burden and psychological well‐being in informal caregivers of people with dementia (ATTILA Study)
Authors: Davies Anna , Brini Stefano , Hirani Shashivadan , Gathercole Rebecca , Forsyth Kirsty , Henderson Catherine , Bradley Rosie , Davies Lucy , Dunk Barbara , Harper Emma , Lam Natalie , Pank Lynn , Leroi Iracema , Woolham John , Fox Chris , O'Brien John , Bateman Andrew , Poland Fiona , Bentham Pete , Burns Alistar , Gray Richard , Knapp Martin , Talbot Emma , Hooper Emma , Winson Rachel , Scutt Bethany , Ordonez Victoria , Nunn Samantha , Lavelle Grace , Howard Robert , Newman Stanton 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionAssistive technology and telecare (ATT) may alleviate psychological burden in informal caregivers of people with dementia. This study assessed the impact of ATT on informal caregivers’ burden and psychological well‐being.MethodsIndividuals with dementia and their informal caregivers were recruited to a randomized‐controlled trial assessing effectiveness of ATT. Caregivers were allocated to two groups according to their cared‐for person's randomization to a full or basic package of ATT and were assessed on caregiver burden, state anxiety, and depression. Caregivers’ data from three assessments over 6 months of the trial were analyzed.ResultsNo significant between‐ or within‐group differences at any time point on caregivers’ burden, anxiety, and depression levels were found.DiscussionFull ATT for people with dementia did not impact caregivers’ psychological outcomes compared to basic ATT. The length of follow up was restricted to 6 months.
Advancing combination therapy for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Salloway Stephen P. , Sevingy Jeff , Budur Kumar , Pederson Jan Torleif , DeMattos Ronald B. , Von Rosenstiel Philipp , Paez Antonio , Evans Rebecca , Weber Christopher J. , Hendrix James A. , Worley Susan , Bain Lisa J. , Carrillo Maria C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe study of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has led to an increased understanding of the multiple pathologies and pathways of the disease. As such, it has been proposed that AD and its various stages might be most effectively treated with a combination approach rather than a single therapy; however, combination approaches present many challenges that include limitations of non‐clinical models, complexity of clinical trial design, and unclear regulatory requirements. The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable meeting on May 7–8, 2018, discussed the approaches and challenges of combination therapy for AD. Experts in the field (academia, industry, and government) provided perspectives that may help establish a path forward for the development of new combination therapies.
Open Innovation and Value Creation in Crop Genetics
Authors: Müller Mathias L. , Campos Hugo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of cultivars exhibiting improved climate resilience and containing effective input and agronomic traits and their adoption by growers and acceptance by supply chains, consumers, and society remain essential drivers of a successful agricultural strategy directed to feed the world and overcome the challenges brought by nature, an increasingly stringent regulatory environment, and an ever-growing population. In order to deliver on the daunting challenge of providing affordable, nutritious food to humankind, while reducing agriculture’s environmental footprint, new innovation models are needed.Open innovation is being adopted by seed companies in order to tap into the vast pool of human talent available beyond their boundaries and increase their ability to generate, adopt, develop, and bring to market novel technologies while building upon the increasing global community of innovators and harnessing the resources of venture capitalists. In addition, open innovation can help streamline product development processes, as well as lead to the exploration of novel markets which would otherwise go unexploited. At the same time, open innovation provides the means for other firms and entrepreneurs to gain access to technologies which would be beyond the scope of their development abilities but which can be leveraged to create significant value for their own customers and markets.This chapter provides an updated perspective on the most salient aspects of open innovation. Though its main focus is crop genetics and the development of improved cultivars, the general principles discussed also apply to other activities associated with the value chains linking agriculture and customers.
Employee Satisfaction in Online Reviews
Authors: Koncar Philipp , Helic Denis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Employee satisfaction impacts the efficiency of businesses as well as the lives of employees spending substantial amounts of their time at work. As such, employee satisfaction attracts a lot of attention from researchers. In particular, a lot of effort has been previously devoted to the question of how to positively influence employee satisfaction, for example, through granting benefits. In this paper, we start by empirically exploring a novel dataset comprising two million online employer reviews. Notably, we focus on the analysis of the influencing factors for employee satisfaction. In addition, we leverage our empirical insights to predict employee satisfaction and to assess the predictive strengths of individual factors. We train multiple prediction models and achieve accurate prediction performance (ROC AUC of best model $$=0.89$$

=
0.89

). We find that the number of benefits received and employment status of reviewers are most predictive, while employee position has less predictive strengths for employee satisfaction. Our work complements existing studies and sheds light on the influencing factors for employee satisfaction expressed in online employer reviews. Employers may use these insights, for example, to correct for biases when assessing their reviews.
Identifying the Hierarchical Influence Structure Behind Smart Sanctions Using Network Analysis
Authors: Hisano Ryohei , Iyetomi Hiroshi , Mizuno Takayuki 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Smart sanctions are an increasingly popular tool in foreign policy. Countries and international institutions worldwide issue such lists to sanction targeted entities through financial asset freezing, embargoes, and travel restrictions. The relationships between the issuer and the targeted entities in such lists reflect what kind of entities the issuer intends to be against. Thus, analyzing the similarities of sets of targeted entities created by several issuers might pave the way toward understanding the foreign political power structure that influences institutions to take similar actions. In the current paper, by analyzing the smart sanctions lists issued by major countries and international institutions worldwide (a total of 73 countries, 12 international organizations, and 1,700 lists), we identify the hierarchical structure of influence among these institutions that encourages them to take such actions. The Helmholtz–Hodge decomposition is a method that decomposes network flow into a hierarchical gradient component and a loop component and is especially suited for this task. Hence, by performing a Helmholtz–Hodge decomposition of the influence network of these institutions, as constructed from the smart sanctions lists they have issued, we show that meaningful insights about the hierarchical influence structure behind smart sanctions can be obtained.
Conserved vector current in QCD-like theories and the gradient flow
Authors: Boers Marco , Pallante Elisabetta 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present analytical results for the Euclidean 2-point correlator of the flavor- singlet vector current evolved by the gradient flow at next-to-leading order $$ \left(\mathcal{O}\left({g}^2\right)\right) $$

O

g
2

in perturbatively massless QCD-like theories. We show that the evolved 2-point correlator requires multiplicative renormalization, in contrast to the nonevolved case, and confirm, in agreement with other results in the literature, that such renormalization ought to be identified with a universal renormalization of the evolved elementary fermion field in all evolved fermion-bilinear currents, whereas the gauge coupling renormalizes as usual. We explicitly derive the asymptotic solution of the Callan-Symanzik equation for the connected 2-point correlators of these evolved currents in the limit of small gradient-flow time $$ \sqrt{t} $$

t

, at fixed separation |x − y|. Incidentally, this computation determines the leading coefficient of the small-time expansion (STE) for the evolved currents in terms of their local nonevolved counterpart. Our computation also implies that, in the evolved case, conservation of the vector current, hence transversality of the corresponding 2-point correlator, is no longer related to the nonrenormalization, in contrast to the nonevolved case. Indeed, for small flow time the evolved vector current is conserved up to $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(t) softly violating effects, despite its t-dependent nonvanishing anomalous dimension.
Epidemiology and predictors of traumatic spine injury in severely injured patients: implications for emergency procedures
Authors: Häske David , Lefering Rolf , Stock Jan-Philipp , Kreinest Michael ,   The TraumaRegister DGU
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to identify the prevalence and predictors of spinal injuries that are suitable for immobilization.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study drawing from the multi-center database of the TraumaRegister DGU®, spinal injury patients ≥ 16 years of age who scored ≥ 3 on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) between 2009 and 2016 were enrolled.

Results
The mean age of the 145,833 patients enrolled was 52.7 ± 21.1 years. The hospital mortality rate was 13.9%, and the mean injury severity score (ISS) was 21.8 ± 11.8. Seventy percent of patients had no spine injury, 25.9% scored 2–3 on the AIS, and 4.1% scored 4–6 on the AIS. Among patients with isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI), 26.8% had spinal injuries with an AIS score of 4–6. Among patients with multi-system trauma and TBI, 44.7% had spinal injuries that scored 4–6 on the AIS. Regression analysis predicted a serious spine injury (SI; AIS 3–6) with a prevalence of 10.6% and cervical spine injury (CSI; AIS 3–6) with a prevalence of 5.1%. Blunt trauma was a predictor for SI and CSI (OR 4.066 and OR 3.640, respectively; both p < 0.001) and fall > 3 m for SI (OR 2.243; p < 0.001) but not CSI (OR 0.636; p < 0.001). Pre-hospital shock was predictive for SI and CSI (OR 1.87 and OR 2.342, respectively; both p < 0.001), and diminished or absent motor response was also predictive for SI (OR 3.171) and CSI (OR 7.462; both p < 0.001). Patients over 65 years of age were more frequently affected by CSI.

Conclusions
In addition to the clinical symptoms of pain, we identify ‘4S’ [spill (fall) > 3 m, seniority (age > 65 years), seriously injured, skull/traumatic brain injury] as an indication for increased attention for CSIs or indication for spinal motion restriction.
Impact of scaffold granule size use in Masquelet technique on periosteal reaction: a study in rat femur critical size bone defect model
Authors: Leiblein Maximilian , Winkenbach Andreas , Koch Elias , Schaible Alexander , Büchner Hubert , Marzi Ingo , Henrich Dirk , Nau Christoph 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The Masquelet technique for the treatment of large bone defects is a two-stage procedure based on an induced membrane. Compared to mature periosteum, the induced membrane differs significantly. However, both play a crucial role in bone regeneration. As part of a histological and radiological post-evaluation of an earlier project, we analyzed the influence of the granule size of the bone void filler Herafill® on development of periosteum regrowth in a critical size defect.

Methods
We compared three different sizes of Herafill® granules (Heraeus Medical GmbH, Wehrheim) in vivo in a rat femoral critical size defect (10 mm) treated with the induced membrane technique. After 8 weeks healing time, femurs were harvested and taken for histological and radiological analysis.

Results
A significantly increased regrowth of periosteum into the defect was found when small granules were used. Large granules showed significantly increased occurrence of bone capping. Small granules lead to significant increase in callus formation in the vicinity to the membrane.

Conclusion
The size of Herafill® granules has significant impact on the development of periosteal-like structures around the defect using Masquelet’s induced membrane technique. Small granules show significantly increased regrowth of periosteum and improved bone formation adjacent to the induced membrane.
Manufacturing of the surfaces of spline fitting connection
Authors: Bodzás Sándor 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this publication is the analysis of the geometric establishment and the manufacturing designing and development of spline fitting promoting the engineer’s designing works. There are many connection possibilities according to the utilization on different constructions. Based on them, different technologies are needed for the manufacturing of the spline shaft and the spline hole. Generally, milling and grinding technologies are needed. These technologies will be analysed. We design mathematical models for the analysis of the milling technologies by mathematical way. We define the technological parameters and the computed machine time for the manufacturing designing process and recommend technologies for the different shapes.
Misreporting of program take-up in survey data and its consequences for measuring non-take-up: new evidence from linked administrative and survey data
Authors: Bruckmeier Kerstin , Riphahn Regina T. , Wiemers Jürgen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe international literature studies non-take-up behavior of eligible populations to evaluate the effectiveness of government programs. A major challenge in this literature is the measurement error regarding benefit take-up. In our data, we observe both actual welfare receipt and respondents’ survey information on their program take-up. This allows us to observe the measurement errors that other researchers must estimate. We describe survey misreporting and investigate how it biases the estimates of the magnitude and patterns of benefit take-up among eligible households. Our findings suggest that the extent of measurement error can be substantial. It varies with the characteristics of the misreporting population and is associated with the drivers of misreporting. This indicates that survey-based analyses of take-up behavior are likely subject to severe biases.
Analysis of a non-linear model of populations structured by size
Authors: Lo Grasso Anna , Totaro Silvia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe model we study deals with a population of marine invertebrates structured by size whose life stage is composed of adults and pelagic larvae such as barnacles contained in a local habitat. We prove existence and uniqueness of a continuous positive global mild solution and we give an estimate of it. We prove also that this solution is the strong solution of the problem.
Relationship Between Membrane Vesicles, Extracellular ATP and Biofilm Formation in Antarctic Gram-Negative Bacteria
Authors: Baeza Nicolas , Mercade Elena 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBiofilms offer a safe environment that favors bacterial survival; for this reason, most pathogenic and environmental bacteria live integrated in biofilm communities. The development of biofilms is complex and involves many factors, which need to be studied in order to understand bacterial behavior and control biofilm formation when necessary. We used a collection of cold-adapted Antarctic Gram-negative bacteria to study whether their ability to form biofilms is associated with a capacity to produce membrane vesicles and secrete extracellular ATP. In most of the studied strains, no correlation was found between biofilm formation and these two factors. Only Shewanella vesiculosa M7T secreted high levels of extracellular ATP, and its membrane vesicles caused a significant increase in the speed and amount of biofilm formation. In this strain, an important portion of the exogenous ATP was contained in membrane vesicles, where it was protected from apyrase treatment. These results confirm that ATP influences biofilm formation. Although the role of extracellular ATP in prokaryotes is still not well understood, the metabolic cost of its production suggests it has an important function, such as a role in biofilm formation. Thus, the liberation of extracellular ATP through membrane vesicles and its function deserve further study.
Redundancy in distributed proofs
Authors: Feuilloley Laurent , Fraigniaud Pierre , Hirvonen Juho , Paz Ami , Perry Mor 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDistributed proofs are mechanisms that enable the nodes of a network to collectively and efficiently check the correctness of Boolean predicates on the structure of the network (e.g., having a specific diameter), or on objects distributed over the nodes (e.g., a spanning tree). We consider well known mechanisms consisting of two components: aproverthat assigns acertificateto each node, and a distributed algorithm called averifierthat is in charge of verifying the distributed proof formed by the collection of all certificates. We show that many network predicates have distributed proofs offering a high level of redundancy, explicitly or implicitly. We use this remarkable property of distributed proofs to establish perfect tradeoffs between thesize of the certificatestored at every node, and thenumber of roundsof the verification protocol.
Pilotierung einer Ultrafiltrationsanlage an einem Uferfiltratstandort in Österreich – Untersuchungen der bakteriellen Zellzahlen und der biologischen Stabilität im Filtrat
Authors: Proksch P. , Kerschbaumer D. J. , Schönher C. , Zunabovic-Pichler M. , Mayr E. , Perfler R. 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungUltrafiltration stellt eine immer öfter eingesetzte Aufbereitungsmethode für Trinkwasser dar, die insbesondere durch den zuverlässigen Rückhalt von Mikroorganismen ohne Veränderung der Zusammensetzung des Wassers hervorsticht. Aufgrund der komplexen Betriebsweise empfiehlt es sich jedoch, solche Anlagen vor der großtechnischen Herstellung durch eine Pilotierung zu testen. In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse eines solchen Pilotierungsversuchs vorgestellt, wobei ein besonderes Augenmerk auf die durch Durchflusszytometrie bestimmten Zellzahlen und die mittels Wachstumsversuchen ermittelte Biostabilität gelegt wird. Dabei zeigte sich, dass im Filtrat einerseits die Zellzahlen nicht vollständig gegen Null gingen, was vermutlich auf filtratseitige Verunreinigungen zurückzuführen ist, und andererseits, dass diese wenigen Zellen durch das Vorhandensein zusätzlicher Nährstoffe ein starkes Wachstum aufwiesen und dadurch die Biostabilität maßgeblich beeinflusst wurde. Da in der weiteren Speicherung und Verteilung von Trinkwasser mikrobielles Wachstum so gut wie möglich zu vermeiden ist, ist es wichtig, unter solchen wachstumsfördernden Bedingungen entsprechende Maßnahmen zu setzen, die ein biologisch stabiles System gewährleisten.
Three-dimensional electron microscopy for endothelial glycocalyx observation using Alcian blue with silver enhancement
Authors: Mukai Shumpei , Takaki Takashi , Nagumo Tasuku , Sano Mariko , Kang Dedong , Takimoto Masafumi , Honda Kazuho 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGlycocalyx (GCX) is a thin layer of negatively charged glycoproteins that covers the vascular endothelial surface and regulates various biological processes. Because of the delicate and fragile properties of this structure, it is difficult to detect GCX morphologically. We established a simple method for a three-dimensional visualization of endothelial GCX using low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections. Mouse kidney tissue was fixed with 10% buffered formalin containing 1% Alcian blue (ALB) via perfusion and immersion. FFPE sections were observed by light microscopy (LM) and LVSEM, and formalin-fixed epoxy resin-embedded ultrathin sections were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The endothelial GCX from various levels of kidney blood vessels was stained blue in LM and confirmed as a thin osmiophilic layer in TEM. In LVSEM, the sections stained by periodic acid methenamine silver (PAM) revealed the endothelial GCX as a layer of dense silver-enhanced particles, in both the samples fixed via perfusion and immersion. Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) revealed the fine visible structure of endothelial GCX. This simple method using FFPE samples with ALB will enable the three-dimensional evaluation of endothelial GCX alterations in various human diseases associated with endothelial injury in future studies.
Invariance of basic Hodge numbers under deformations of Sasakian manifolds
Authors: Raźny Paweł 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe show that the Hodge numbers of Sasakian manifolds are invariant under arbitrary deformations of the Sasakian structure. We also present an upper semi-continuity theorem for the dimensions of kernels of a smooth family of transversely elliptic operators on manifolds with homologically orientable transversely Riemannian foliations. We use this to prove that the $$\partial {\bar{\partial }}$$

∂

∂

¯

-lemma and being transversely Kähler are rigid properties under small deformations of the transversely holomorphic structure which preserve the foliation. We study an example which shows that this is not the case for arbitrary deformations of the transversely holomorphic foliation. Finally we point out an application of the upper-semi continuity theorem to K-contact manifolds.
Hemiagenesis of the thyroid gland detected by coincidence—what is the clinical relevance?
Authors: Mikosch Peter , Weixlbaumer Verena , Irrgang Michael , Aistleitner Adrian , Trifina-Mikosch Eva 
Published: October 2020

SummaryHemiagenesis of the thyroid gland (THA) represents a rare congenital anomaly. It is characterized by the absence of one thyroid lobe, and sometimes the isthmus as well. It can occur with all kinds of other thyroid pathologies that may be present in the remaining thyroid lobe. A case of a 21-year-old male patient is presented; he sought a thyroid consultation because of hair loss, fatigue, and problems concentrating, thus raising the suspicion of hypothyroidism. Thyroid function was normal, but sonography of the thyroid gland revealed THA of the left lobe and the isthmus. The current knowledge concerning the genesis and the clinical consequences of THA are discussed based on the current literature.