bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquisition of Oral Microbiota is Driven by Environment, Not Host Genetics
Authors: Mukherjee Chiranjit , Moyer Christina O. , Steinkamp Heidi M. , Hashmi Shahr B. , Guo Xiaohan , Ni Ai , Leys Eugene J. , Griffen Ann L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The oral microbiota is acquired very early, but the factors shaping its acquisition are not well understood. Previous studies comparing monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins have suggested that host genetics plays a role. However, all twins share an equal portion of their parent’s genome, so this model is not informative for studying parent-to-child transmission. We used a novel study design that allowed us to directly examine the genetics of transmission by comparing the oral microbiota of biological versus adoptive mother-child dyads.

Results: No difference was observed in how closely oral bacterial community profiles matched for adoptive versus biological mother-child pairs, indicating little if any effect of host genetics on the fidelity of transmission. Both adopted and biologic children more closely resembled their own mother as compared to unrelated women, supporting the role of contact and environment. Mother-child strain similarity increased with the age of the child, ruling out early effects that are lost over time. No effect on the fidelity of mother-child strain sharing from vaginal birth or breast feeding was seen. Analysis of extended families showed that fathers and mothers were equally similar to their children, and that cohabitating couples showed even greater strain similarity than mother-child pairs. These findings support the role of contact and shared environment, and age, but not genetics, as determinants of microbial transmission, and were consistent at both species and strain level resolutions, and across multiple oral habitats. In addition, analysis of individual species all showed similar results.

Conclusions: The host is clearly active in shaping the composition of the oral microbiome, since only a few of the many bacterial species in the larger environment are capable of colonizing the human oral cavity. Our findings suggest that these host mechanisms are universally shared among humans, since no effect of genetic relatedness on fidelity of microbial transmission could be detected. Instead our findings point towards contact and shared environment being the driving factors of microbial transmission, with a unique combination of these factors ultimately shaping the highly personalized human oral microbiome.
Importance of lipid ratios for predicting intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis
Authors: Yang Wen-Song , Li Rui , Shen Yi-Qing , Wang Xing-Chen , Liu Qing-Jun , Wang Hai-Yang , Li Qi , Yao Guo-En , Xie Peng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aims to investigate the association of lipid ratios with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) in a Chinese population.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 658 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke. Intracranial and extracranial arteries were evaluated for atherosclerotic stenosis using digital subtraction angiography or computed tomography angiography. Lipid ratios [total cholesterol (TC)/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG)/HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (non-HDL-C)/HDL-C, remnant cholesterol (RC)/HDL-C, apolipoprotein B (apo B)/apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), and apo B/HDL-C] were calculated.Results: The TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, RC/HDL-C, non-HDL-C/HDL-C, apo B/HDL-C and apo B/apo A-I ratios (all P <0.05) were significantly associated with ICAS but not with extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis after adjustment for confounding factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analyses revealed that the apo B/apo A-I ratio had the largest area under the ROC curve (AUC) among lipid levels alone and for lipid ratios (AUC = 0.588). Lipid ratios had higher AUC values than those for lipid levels alone for the identification of ICAS.Conclusion: The TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, RC/HDL-C, non-HDL-C/HDL-C apo B/HDL-C, and apo B/apo A-I ratios were significantly related to ICAS risk. Compared with the other variables tested, the apo B/apo A-I ratio appeared to be a better discriminator for identifying ICAS risk in stroke patients.
Upregulated circRNA_100269 suppresses the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer by inactivating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: wang zhongli , liu chao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The expression of circRNA_100269 in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cells, together with its regulatory roles on GC cells were investigated. Methods: The levels of circRNA_100269 in GC and matched para-carcinoma tissues, as well as in human GC cell lines and normal gastric epithelial cells were evaluated using RT-qPCR. The models with overexpression or knockdown of circRNA_100269 were generated using lentiviral vectors. Cell viability was examined using MTT assay; cell migration and invasive activity were determined by wound healing and Transwell assay. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were assessed; molecules involved in PI3K/Akt signaling, apoptosis and EMT were evaluated using RT-qPCR and immunoblotting. Tumour growth and expression of relevant proteins were examined in circRNA_100269 knockout mice. Results: The results indicated the expression of circRNA_100269 was dramatically decreased in GC samples compared with para-carcinoma tissues (p<0.05), while the levels of PI3K were notably increased (p<0.05). Moreover, the level of circRNA_100269 was relevant to histology grade and occurrence of metastasis in GC patients (p<0.05), where circRNA_100269 and PI3K was inversely correlated (p<0.05). Additionally, circRNA_100269 was downregulated in GC cells compared with normal gastric epithelial cells. Overexpressed circRNA_100269 remarkably suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of GC cells (p<0.05), induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and promoted cell apoptosis (p<0.05). In addition, PI3K/Akt signaling was involved in circRNA_100269-mediated proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and apoptosis in GC cells (p<0.05). Knockdown of circRNA_100269 also significantly promoted tumor growth in vivo (p<0.05). Conclusions: the data of the present study suggested that the expression level of circRNA_100269 was decreased in GC tissues and cells. In addition, circRNA_100269 inhibited the progression of GC by suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling. Therefore, circRNA_100269/PI3K/Akt axis may be a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Dietary Pattern and Nutrient Intakes in Association with Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors among Filipino Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Agdeppa Imelda Angeles , Sun Ye , Tanda Keith V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the relationship between dietary quality and food patterns of Filipino adults and the rising prevalence of selected cardiometabolic non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that examined the association of dietary pattern and NCDs using data collected in the 2013 National Nutrition Survey. A total of 19,914 adults aged 20 years and above were included in the analyses. The Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) was used to characterize the dietary quality, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify dietary patterns specific to the study population. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between the dietary pattern scores and selected cardiometabolic NCD indices including diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and overweight and obesity with adjustment for potential confounders. Results: The mean AHEI-2010 score was 19.7 for women and 18.9 for men out of a total possible score of 100. Three major dietary patterns were identified through PCA: 1) meat and sweetened beverages (MSB); 2) rice and fish (RF) and 3) fruit, vegetables and snack (FVS). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the AHEI pattern was associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity [extreme-tertile odds ratio (OR) 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.21]. Subjects in the highest tertile of the MSB pattern had greater odds for overweight/obesity, diabetes, high total cholesterol, low HDL-cholesterol, high LDL-cholesterol, and high triglycerides (OR ranging 1.20 to 1.70, all p-value <0.001). The RF pattern was associated with higher probability of overweight/obesity (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.08-1.32) high LDL-cholesterol (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.37), and less likelihood of diabetes (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.98). The FVS pattern was associated with lower probability of overweight/obesity, diabetes, high triglycerides, and hypertension (OR ranging 0.85 to 0.90, all p-value <0.05). Conclusions: Diet quality of Filipino adults is extremely poor. MSB and RF patterns were associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic NCD indices, while FVS pattern was associated to lower risks. Identifying healthy and detrimental dietary patterns in the local diet could be informative for future local-based dietary recommendation and area-specific intervention programs.
Stigmasterol Sensitizes Endometrial Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy By repressing Nrf2 Signal Pathway
Authors: Liao Hong , Zhu Dan , Bai mingzhu , Chen Huifen , Yan Shihuan , Yu Jing , Zhu Huiting , Zheng Wenxin , Fan Guorong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Chemoresistance reduces the 5-year survival rate of endometrial cancer patient, which is the current major obstacle for cancer therapy. Increasing evidence state that Nrf2 contributes to chemoresistance in several kinds of cancer. However, its role in endometrial cancer cells remains unclarified. Methods: Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression of Nrf2 in normal patient and endometrial cancer patient. Stable transfection Ishikawa cell line with high level of Nrf2 was established to evaluate its role in chemoresistance. Dot blot assays were used to assess global hydroxymethylation level after stigmasterol treatment. Cellular growth profile was detected by CCK8 assay. Western blot was used to evaluate the changes of the target molecules after various treatments. Results: Nrf2 is overexpressed in endometrial cancer tissues compared with the normal endometrium. Overexpression of Nrf2 resulted in decrease sensitivity to cisplatin. In addition, stigmasterol has been identified as a novel Nrf2 inhibitor. It enhanced the sensitivity of endometrial cancer cells to cisplatin, and the underlying mechanism is that stigmasterol declines the Nrf2 protein level. Conclusions: Our findings identified stigmasterol as a new potential inhibitor of Nrf2 and highlight a critical role of stigmasterol in overcoming chemoresistance in endometrial cancer therapy.
Anemoside B4 protects against Klebsiella pneumoniae- and influenza virus FM1-induced pneumonia via the TLR4/Myd88 signaling pathway in mice
Authors: He Jia , Yuan Renyikun , Cui Xiaolan , Cui Yushun , Han Shan , Wang Qin-Qin , Chen Yangling , Huang Liting , Yang Shilin , Xu Qiongming , Zhao Yonghui , Gao Hongwei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Pneumonia refers to the inflammation of the terminal airway, alveoli and pulmonary interstitium, which can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms, physical and chemical factors, immune damage, and drugs. Anemoside B4, the major ingredient of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, exhibited anti-inflammatory activity. However, the therapeutic effect of anemoside B4 on pneumonia has not been unraveled. This study aims to investigate that anemoside B4 attenuates the inflammatory responses in Klebsiella pneumonia (KP)- and influenza virus FM1 (FM1)-induced pneumonia mice model.Methods: The network pharmacology and molecular docking assays were employed to predict the targets of anemoside B4’s treatment of pneumonia. Two models (bacterial KP-infected mice and virus FM1-infected mice) were employed in our study. BALB/c mice were divided into six groups: control, model group (KP- induced pneumonia or FM1-induced pneumonia), anemoside B4 (B4)-treated group (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg), and positive drug group (Ribavirin or Ceftriaxone Sodium Injection). Blood samples were collected for hematology analysis. The effects of B4 on inflammation-associated mediators were investigated by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) staining. Proteins expression was quantified by western blotting.Results: The network results indicated that many pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) participated in anemoside B4’s anti-inflammatory activity. The counts of neutrophil (NEU) and white blood cell (WBC), the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 increased by KP or FM1 infection, which were reversed by anemoside B4. In addition, anemoside B4 significantly suppressed the FM1-induced expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differential protein-88 (MyD88), and myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2), which were further validated by molecular docking data that anemoside B4 bound to bioactive sites of TLR4. Therefore, anemoside B4 exhibited a significant therapeutic effect on pneumonia via the TLR4/MyD88 pathway.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that anemoside B4 attenuates pneumonia via the TLR4/Myd88 signaling pathway, suggesting that anemoside B4 is a promising therapeutic candidate for bacterial-infected or viral-infected pneumonia.
Evaluation of The Effects of Vitamin C on Epithelialization of Burn Wounds
Authors: Haddadi Mohammd , Jaghouri Elaheh , Sarpooshi Davood Robat , Ghobadi Fateme , Sarpooshi Hamid Robat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of topical vitamin C on second degree burn wounds restoration. This was a clinical trial. The sample size was determined as 30. The participants were selected from the patients suffering from second degree burns who visited the Burn Center of Vaseei Hospital in Sabzevar. Both intervention and control groups targeted one patient. Dressing was changed in a daily manner after cleansing. Topical vitamin C solution was administered on the wounds. The Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool was used to evaluate burn wound parameters in the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day of treatment. Data analysis was performed using SPSS v.16 and ‘’repeated measures ANOVA.Results: The average age of participants was 43.33 ± 11.9 years and 60% of the participants were males and 40% of them were females. The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference in mean scores of wound between the two treatments (P = 0.047), wound healing significantly differed in the two groups and topical vitamin C solution had a significant effect on acceleration of wound Epithelialization. According to the results of this study, administration of topical vitamin C is recommended for epithetlialization of second degree burns.IRCT: IRCT2015101224487N1
Biobanking Framework: “One Size Fits All”
Authors: Salman Ayat , Lazaris Anthoula , Metrakos Peter 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Biobanking has been identified as a key area for development in order to accelerate the discovery and development of new drugs. biobanks include not only a collection of specimens but associated -omics data, thus the need for databases that inventory samples, associated clinical and omics data. As access to human biospecimens is becoming less of a barrier to translational studies, it is becoming clear that annotation of human samples and complex databases is our next hurdle. Purpose In this paper, we elaborate on the steps and processes that were considered in order to establish the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center Liver Disease Biobank (RIMUHC-LDB) and highlight the success of our translational projects that sustain this biobank. Results The workflow model is based on a two-tier approach: a “mother” protocol that requires participant’ signed consent form and a “companion” protocol which allows the use of biospecimens and data for research. The “companion” protocol is based on a review of the protocol by the biospecimen access committee (BAC) and approval followed by an expedited review by the research ethics board. Our workflow is open, in addition, to include different prearranged requirements for collection of biospecimen and data from different project. Following strict standard operating procedures and ensuring that biospecimens are processed in a short amount of time after procurement, we are able to provide high quality biospecimen and data. Also, integrated in our biospecimen procurement process is our Quality Assurance Program (QAP). Every 4 months two samples are randomly selected and screened. We regularly isolate RNA from these tissue samples, labeled Quality Assurance/ Quality Control (QA/QC), and assess their RNA integrity number (RIN).Conclusions The biobank has enabled national and international access of biospecimen and data for genomic, proteomic and phenotypic research in addition to provide the biobank financial sustainability. Understanding the complexity of disease has and will always remain a challenge. As disease burden has shifted from acute conditions to chronic conditions, primarily seen in community and primary care (PC) rather than tertiary care centers, new approaches for forging relationships with local and regional community partners will become increasingly critical. A personalised PC Biobank along with disease-specific biobanks and industry biobanks (clinical trials) will ensure that the best personalised care is delivered to participants.
Assessing burden, risk factors, and perceived impact of uterine fibroids on women’s lives in rural Haiti: implications for advancing a health equity agenda, a mixed methods study
Authors: Millien Christophe , Manzi Anatole , Katz Arlene M. , Gilbert Hannah , Fawzi Mary C. Smith , Farmer Paul E. , Mukherjee Joia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Uterine fibroids, the most common cause of gynecologic surgery, have a reported lifetime cumulative incidence of 59% among Black women in the U.S. Uterine fibroids increase mortality, morbidity, and negatively impact the quality of women’s lives. To our knowledge, no study has been published in the literature about fibroids in Haiti. We conducted a mixed methods study to assess the burden and risk factors of uterine fibroids, as well as their effects on women’s quality of life.
Methods
A convergent mixed methods study was conducted between October 1, 2019 and January 31, 2020 at MUH’s (Mirebalais University Hospital) OB-GYN outpatient department. Quantitatively, in a cross-sectional study 211 women completed a structured questionnaire. In-depth interviews with a subset of 17 women with fibroids and 7 family members were implemented for the qualitative component. Descriptive statistics were calculated for clinical and social demographic variables. Logistic regression was performed to examine associations between fibroids and related risk factors. An inductive thematic process was used to analyze the qualitative data. A joint display technique was used to integrate the results.
Results
The prevalence of uterine fibroids was 60.1%. Anemia and infertility were the most frequent complications— 52.6% and 33.6%, respectively. Factors associated with uterine fibroids included income decline (OR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.1–10.9, p = < 0.001), excessive expenses for transport (OR = 4.4, 95% CI: 1.6–12.4, p = 0.005), and family history with uterine fibroids (OR = 4.6, 95% CI: 1.6–13.6, p = 0.005). In contrast, higher level of education and presence of micro polycystic ovarian syndrome were found to be protective (OR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.9, p = 0.021) and (OR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1–0.97, p = 0.044), respectively. Qualitative findings demonstrated that uterine fibroids deeply affected the quality of women’s lives. The concept of a poverty cycle of uterine fibroids emerged.
Conclusions
A vicious cycle of poverty and women’s experience with fibroids demonstrate the long-term struggle that women endure. Health system strengthening, social support, and economic improvement are keys to alleviate women’s suffering and promote social justice through access to adequate care for women with uterine fibroids in Haiti.
Clinical Characteristics on Admission Predict In-Hospital Fatal Outcome in Patients Aged ≥75 Years with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) :A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Zhihua , Ke Yuhe , Xie Jiang , Yu Hao , Zhu Wei , He Liqun , Zheng Qiongli , Li Chuanwei , Lu Jingya , Li Songnan , Wen Songnan , Wei Sheng , Liu Nian , Wei Li , Bai Rong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background：Novel coronavirus disease（COVID-19）has become a worldwide pandemic and precise fatality data by age group are needed urgently. This study to delineate the clinical characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 patients aged ≥75 years and identify the risk factors of in-hospital death.Methods：A total of 141 consecutive patients aged ≥75 years who were admitted to the hospital between 12th and 19th February 2020. In-hospital death, clinical characteristics and laboratory findings on admission were obtained from medical records. The final follow-up observation was 31st March 2020.Results：The median age was 81 years (84 female, 59.6%). Thirty-eight (27%) patients were classified as severe or critical cases. 18 (12.8%) patients had died in hospital and the remaining 123 were discharged. Patients who died were more likely to present with fever (38.9% vs. 7.3%); low percutaneous oxygen saturation(SpO2) (55.6% vs. 7.3%); reduced lymphocytes (72.2% vs. 35.8%) and platelets (27.8% vs. 4.1%); and increased D-dimer (94.4% vs. 42.3%), creatinine (50.0% vs. 22.0%), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) (77.8% vs. 30.1%), high sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI) (72.2% vs. 14.6%), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (72.2% vs. 6.5%; all P<0.05) than patients who recovered. Male sex (odds ratio [OR]=13.1, 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.1 to 160.1, P=0.044), body temperature >37.3°C (OR=80.5, 95% CI 4.6 to 1407.6, P=0.003), SpO2≤90% (OR=70.1, 95% CI 4.6 to 1060.4, P=0.002), and NT-proBNP>1800ng/L (OR=273.5, 95% CI 14.7 to 5104.8, P<0.0001) were independent risk factors of in-hospital death. Conclusions：In-hospital fatality among COVID-19 patients can be estimated by sex and on-admission measurements of body temperature, SpO2, and NT-proBNP.
Ethical challenges related to biomedical data sharing in China: A systematic literature review
Authors: li xiaojie , Cong Yali 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background : With the advancement of information and communication technology, sharing biomedical data across organizations has become more feasible. However, a large part of China’s biomedical details still “silent” or “isolated”.
Methods: To identify what ethical challenges are considered hinder biomedical data sharing, we performed a systematic literature review pertaining to biomedical data sharing in China. A total of 1919 publications were initially identified, 56 of which were included in the final synthesis after full-text screening. We used the International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving humans (CIMOS) to identify the related ethical principles and norms.
Results: We observed an abundance of ethical challenges based upon the following five overarching themes: capacity building; equitable distribution of benefits and burdens; scientific and social values; the data subjects’ rights; public trust and engagement.
Conclusion :Based on these analyses, we find current sharing practice need to balance the protection of privacy and confidentiality with the promotion of data sharing. We believe privacy concerns can be attenuated by different stakeholders’ responsible participation within a principled proportionate governance model.