bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Versatile and Affordable Approach for Tracking the Oxidative Stress Caused by the Free Radicals: the Chemical Perception
Authors: Maksym Dariya S. , Zaborovsky Andriy B. , Kubaj Yuliya Y. , Bloniarz Pawel , Pacześniak Tomasz , Muzart Jacques , Pokutsa Alexander P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFascinating oscillations of color, kinetics of pH, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and UV‐vis spectra, ensued from supplementing of VO(acac)2‐acetonitrile solutions with micro‐amounts of H2O2, were greatly affected by the small additives of glyoxal and oxalic acid. Such effect was consisted in sufficient decreasing the sensitivity of samples by means of it pH, CV and UV‐vis response onto H2O2 additives. The revealed peculiarities substantiate the responsibility of free radicals (particularly .OH generated in the course of H2O2 homolysis) for the discussed parameters alteration. In view of .OH are identified as most active and destructive (especially, in respect to the cellular constituents) agents can be originated in vivo, it overproduction is responsible for developing of many related severe diseases. In practical aspect the undertaken research may be recommended for the oxidative stress evaluation and tracking.
The Structure‐Activity Relationship Study of Dicarboximide‐phenylpyridine Conjugates as Inhibitors of Wnt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wu Hongna , Wu Jun , Qin Tong , Lian Xu , Li Zhongwen , Guo Baojie , Hao Jie , Li Tianlei , Zhang Wenxuan , Wu Song 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInhibition of the aberrant Wnt pathway is a promising approach for the treatment of various types of disease. Based on the previous SAR results, we continued to optimize the structure of the dicarboximide‐phenylpyridine conjugates as the Wnt pathway inhibitors. Two cis‐4‐cyclohexene‐1, 2‐dicarboximide derivatives 6 and 16 showed much better wnt inhibitory activity than that of the lead compound among the eighteen novel compounds. The IC50 of the most potent compound 16 was 30 nM, which was about 10‐folds more potent than the lead compound 1 b, and 100‐folds more potent than the hit compound 1 a. Although the compounds have similar structure with tankyrases inhibitor IWR‐1 series compounds, they did not inhibit tankyrase 1/2, indicating they had different mechanism.
Efficient Synthesis and Computational Studies of Useful Guanylating Agents: 1H‐Benzotriazole‐1‐carboximidamides
Authors: Bokhtia Riham M. , Panda Siva S. , Girgis Adel S. , Pillai Girinath G. , Ibrahim Tarek S. , Shalaby ElSayed M. , Gigli Lara , Abdel‐Aal Eatedal H. , Al‐Mahmoudy Amany M. M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA new synthetic protocol for the synthesis of 1H‐benzotriazole‐1‐carboximidamides starting from aryl amines in presence of acylbenzotriazole has been reported. The versatile guanylating agents could be an efficient synthetic tool for the synthesis of various guanidines. The present approach enables all possible variations of the substituents at different positions of the products. Single crystal of compound 4e was obtained by recrystallization from suitable solvent systems for X‐ray and DFT studies. The reaction goes faster and yields more product with higher purity when Cbz protected aminoacyl benzotriazole used instead of aryl benzotriazole for the synthesis of the 1H‐benzotriazole‐1‐carboximidamides. Computational studies were carried out to elucidate the energy profile and transition states to support the experimental data. Short reaction time, simple workup, high yields, and mild conditions are the key advantages of this protocol.
Zr‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework Films Grown on Bio‐Template for Photoelectrocatalysis
Authors: Sun Shujian , Xiao Yali , He Lanqi , Tong Yexiang , Liu Dingxin , Zhang Jianyong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA series of Zr‐based metal‐organic framework (Zr‐MOF) films are anchored on the surface of butterfly wing via solvothermal method for HER application, including UiO‐66, NH2‐UiO‐66 and UiO‐67. Oriented nanoparticles are anchored on the photonic crystal bio‐template. The distinctive design of the Zr‐MOFs/B composites enables remarkable photoelectrocatalytic HER activity in comparison with corresponding intrinsic Zr‐MOFs, primarily due to the synergy effect between MOFs and the photonic crystal. The cathode current increases to 1.94, 0.98 and 3.64 mA cm−2 for UiO‐66/B, NH2‐UiO‐66/B and UiO‐67/B, respectively, at an overpotential of −0.6 V vs RHE when irradiated for 30 min upon simulated sunlight. Upon simulated sunlight irradiation, the carrier density increases by 2.00, 1.26 and 1.48 times for UiO‐66/B, NH2‐UiO‐66/B and UiO‐67/B, respectively. This work paves a promising pathway for designing efficient HER electrocatalysts by combination of Zr‐MOFs and photo‐active butterfly wings.
A Step towards Treating Dengue Viral Infection: An In Silico Approach to Identify Potential Antidengue Phytoconstituents
Authors: Pawar Rohit , Patravale Vandana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDengue is one of the deadliest mosquito‐borne viral diseases. Since its inception, a lot of research has happened in various directions, still no effective antiviral drug is available to combat its serious consequences. Though symptomatic medicines are available, they have not been proven scientifically and hence, there is an urge to adopt new strategies in the development of effective drugs against dengue. In the present study, we computationally screened the phytoconstituents from Carica papaya, Andrographis paniculata and Azadirachta indica against dengue virus multi‐targets, viz. dengue viral proteases, dengue viral envelope proteins, and dengue viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase via in silico docking study followed by Molecular Mechanics‐Generalized Born and Surface Area using Schrödinger‐Maestro version 12.0.012 to estimate the protein‐ligand binding affinities. The phytoconstituents showing significant docking score, binding interaction, and binding affinity compared to reported anti‐virals were finalized. This study can serve as a lead for the treatment of dengue infection by identifying the potential candidate(s).
Hierarchical Structures, with Submillimeter Patterns, Micrometer Wrinkles, and Nanoscale Decorations, Suppress Biofouling and Enable Rapid Droplet Digitization
Authors: Imani Sara M. , Maclachlan Roderick , Chan Yuting , Shakeri Amid , Soleymani Leyla , Didar Tohid F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLiquid repellant surfaces have been shown to play a vital role for eliminating thrombosis on medical devices, minimizing blood contamination on common surfaces as well as preventing non‐specific adhesion. Herein, an all solution‐based, easily scalable method for producing liquid repellant flexible films, fabricated through nanoparticle deposition and heat‐induced thin film wrinkling that suppress blood adhesion, and clot formation is reported. Furthermore, superhydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces are combined onto the same substrate using a facile streamlined process. The patterned superhydrophobic/hydrophilic surfaces show selective digitization of droplets from various solutions with a single solution dipping step, which provides a route for rapid compartmentalization of solutions into virtual wells needed for high‐throughput assays. This rapid solution digitization approach is demonstrated for detection of Interleukin 6. The developed liquid repellant surfaces are expected to find a wide range of applications in high‐throughput assays and blood contacting medical devices.
Transition Metal and Metal–Nx Codoped MOF‐Derived Fenton‐Like Catalysts: A Comparative Study on Single Atoms and Nanoparticles
Authors: Gao Yun , Yang Chengdong , Zhou Mi , He Chao , Cao Sujiao , Long Yanping , Li Shuang , Lin Yi , Zhu Puxin , Cheng Chong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo deal with the ever‐growing toxic benzene‐derived compounds in the water system, extensive efforts have been dedicated for catalytic degradation of pollutants. However, the activities and efficiencies of the transition metal‐based nanoparticles or single‐atom sites are still ambiguous in Fenton‐like reactions. Herein, to compare the Fenton‐like catalytic efficiencies of the nanoparticles and single atoms, the free‐standing nanofibrous catalyst comprising Co nanocrystals and Co–Nx codoped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or bare Co–Nx doped CNTs is fabricated. It is noteworthy that all these nanofibrous catalysts exhibit efficient activities, mesoporous structures, and conductive carbon networks, which allow a feasible validation of the catalytic effects. Benefiting from the maximized atomic utilization, the atomic Co–Nx centers exhibit much higher reaction kinetic constant (κ = 0.157 min−1) and mass activity toward the degradation of bisphenol A, far exceeding the Co nanocrystals (κ = 0.082 min−1). However, for the volume activities, the single‐atom catalyst does not show apparent advantages compared to the nanocrystal‐based catalyst. Overall, this work not only provides a viable pathway for comparing Fenton‐like catalytic effects of transition metal‐based nanoparticles or single atoms but also opens up a new avenue for developing prominent catalysts for organic pollutants’ degradation.
Stabilizing γ‐CsPbI3 Perovskite via Phenylethylammonium for Efficient Solar Cells with Open‐Circuit Voltage over 1.3 V
Authors: Ye Qiufeng , Ma Fei , Zhao Yang , Yu Shiqi , Chu Zema , Gao Pingqi , Zhang Xingwang , You Jingbi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCesium lead iodide (CsPbI3) perovskite has gained great attention due to its potential thermal stability and appropriate bandgap (≈1.73 eV) for tandem cells. However, the moisture‐induced thermodynamically unstable phase and large open‐circuit voltage (VOC) deficit and also the low efficiency seriously limit its further development. Herein, long chain phenylethylammonium (PEA) is utilized into CsPbI3 perovskite to stabilize the orthorhombic black perovskite phase (γ‐CsPbI3) under ambient condition. Furthermore, the moderate lead acetate (Pb(OAc)2) is controlled to combine with phenylethylammonium iodide to form the 2D perovskite, which can dramatically suppress the charge recombination in CsPbI3. Unprecedentedly, the resulted CsPbI3 solar cells achieve a 17% power conversion efficiency with a record VOC of 1.33 V, the VOC deficit is only 0.38 V, which is close to those in organic‐inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Meanwhile, the PEA modified device maintains 94% of its initial efficiency after exceeding 2000 h of storage in the low‐humidity controlled environment without encapsulation.
Subcompartmentalization and Pseudo‐Division of Model Protocells
Authors: Spustova Karolina , Köksal Elif Senem , Ainla Alar , Gözen Irep 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMembrane enclosed intracellular compartments have been exclusively associated with the eukaryotes, represented by the highly compartmentalized last eukaryotic common ancestor. Recent evidence showing the presence of membranous compartments with specific functions in archaea and bacteria makes it conceivable that the last universal common ancestor and its hypothetical precursor, the protocell, may have exhibited compartmentalization. To the authors’ knowledge, there are no experimental studies yet that have tested this hypothesis. They report on an autonomous subcompartmentalization mechanism for protocells which results in the transformation of initial subcompartments to daughter protocells. The process is solely determined by the fundamental materials properties and interfacial events, and does not require biological machinery or chemical energy supply. In the light of the authors’ findings, it is proposed that similar events may have taken place under early Earth conditions, leading to the development of compartmentalized cells and potentially, primitive division.
Fluorine Triggered Surface and Lattice Regulation in Anatase TiO2−xFx Nanocrystals for Ultrafast Pseudocapacitive Sodium Storage
Authors: Ni Mingzhu , Sun Da , Zhu Xiaohui , Xia Qiuying , Zhao Yang , Xue Liang , Wu Jianghua , Qiu Ce , Guo Qiubo , Shi Zhengyi , Liu Xiaojing , Wang Gongming , Xia Hui 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have been considered as one of the most promising secondary battery techniques for large‐scale energy storage applications. However, developing appropriate electrode materials that can satisfy the demands of long‐term cycling and high energy/power capabilities remains a challenge. Herein, a fluorine modulation strategy is reported that can trigger highly active exposed crystal facets in anatase TiO2−xFx, while simultaneously inducing improved electron transfer and Na+ diffusion via lattice regulation. When tested in SIBs, the optimized fluorine doped TiO2−xFx nanocrystals exhibit a high reversible capacity of 275 mA h g−1 at 0.05 A g−1, outstanding rate capability (delivering 129 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1), and remarkable cycling stability with 91% capacity retained after 6000 cycles at 2 A g−1. Importantly, the optimized TiO2−xFx nanocrystals are dominated by pseudocapacitive Na+ storage, which can be attributed to the fluorine induced surface and lattice regulation, enabling ultrafast electrode kinetics.
Searching for the “smoking gun” of the miscarried 2019 Nenoksa nuclear cruise missile test: a null result
Authors: Spykman Imke , Blenke Tobias , Büchner Sebastian , Degering Detlev , Eleftheriadis Konstantinos , Fischer Helmut W. , Lasche George , Masson Olivier , Mietelski Jerzy W. , Ransby Daniela , Renz Franz , Souti Maria‐Evangelia , Zok Dorian , Steinhauser Georg 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOn August 8, 2019, an explosion of a military missile occurred at the Nenoksa (also transcribed as Nyonoksa) Missile Test Center (Russian Federation). Russian authorities confirmed a release of radioactive material in the course of this incident, which fueled rumors that it could have involved a nuclear‐propelled missile of the Burevestnik/Skyfall type. In this study, our radioanalytical efforts are summarized searching for the “smoking gun” of the incident. These included the gamma‐measurements of air filters from two vessels that were in some proximity to the event as well as one Greek high‐volume air filter. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that radioactive 42Ar may have been used to operate a radiothermal generator. If the incident had released 42Ar, it may have become detectable by measuring characteristic gamma radiation emitted from a tank containing liquefied atmospheric argon. No traces whatsoever were found that could provide clues about the release. It is possible that the presumably small amounts of radionuclides released from either a small nuclear reactor or a powerful radionuclide source dispersed quickly over Russian territory to non‐detectable levels before reaching any of our assayed samples.
First Trainees: The Golden Anniversary of the Early History of Telemedicine Education at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard (1968–1970)
Authors: Weinstein Ronald S. , Holcomb Michael J. , Krupinski Elizabeth A. , Latifi Rifat 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecently, interest in creating curriculum in telemedicine for medical students, nurses, and most other health professionals has spiked because of the healthcare industry’s rapid shift to providing care via telemedicine as a means of infection control due to the Covid-19 pandemic [1, 2]. This commentary describes the initial medical student and resident training in telemedicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) a half century ago.
CFT in AdS and boundary RG flows
Authors: Giombi Simone , Khanchandani Himanshu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Using the fact that flat space with a boundary is related by a Weyl transformation to anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, one may study observables in boundary conformal field theory (BCFT) by placing a CFT in AdS. In addition to correlation functions of local operators, a quantity of interest is the free energy of the CFT computed on the AdS space with hyperbolic ball metric, i.e. with a spherical boundary. It is natural to expect that the AdS free energy can be used to define a quantity that decreases under boundary renormalization group flows. We test this idea by discussing in detail the case of the large N critical O(N) model in general dimension d, as well as its perturbative descriptions in the epsilon-expansion. Using the AdS approach, we recover the various known boundary critical behaviors of the model, and we compute the free energy for each boundary fixed point, finding results which are consistent with the conjectured F-theorem in a continuous range of dimensions. Finally, we also use the AdS setup to compute correlation functions and extract some of the BCFT data. In particular, we show that using the bulk equations of motion, in conjunction with crossing symmetry, gives an efficient way to constrain bulk two-point functions and extract anomalous dimensions of boundary operators.
(Symplectic) leaves and (5d Higgs) branches in the Poly(go)nesian Tropical Rain Forest
Authors: van Beest Marieke , Bourget Antoine , Eckhard Julius , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We derive the structure of the Higgs branch of 5d superconformal field theories or gauge theories from their realization as a generalized toric polygon (or dot diagram). This approach is motivated by a dual, tropical curve decomposition of the (p, q) 5-brane-web system. We define an edge coloring, which provides a decomposition of the generalized toric polygon into a refined Minkowski sum of sub-polygons, from which we compute the magnetic quiver. The Coulomb branch of the magnetic quiver is then conjecturally identified with the 5d Higgs branch. Furthermore, from partial resolutions, we identify the symplectic leaves of the Higgs branch and thereby the entire foliation structure. In the case of strictly toric polygons, this approach reduces to the description of deformations of the Calabi-Yau singularities in terms of Minkowski sums.
Der chirurgische Umgang mit peripheren Nerven nach Extremitätenverlust
Authors: Gstoettner Clemens , Laengle Gregor , Salminger Stefan , Festin Christopher , Platzgummer Hannes , Aszmann Oskar C. 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Nach Verlust einer Gliedmaße ist es die Aufgabe des Chirurgen, einen möglichst schmerzfreien und belastbaren Stumpf zu formen. Hierbei kommt insbesondere an der oberen Extremität ein funktioneller Aspekt hinzu, da zur Steuerung myoelektrischer Prothesen entsprechende Muskelsignale notwendig sind. Der Umgang mit peripheren Nerven im Stumpfbereich nimmt sowohl hinsichtlich der Schmerztherapie als auch der funktionellen Mensch-Maschinen-Anbindung eine zentrale Rolle ein.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Darstellung aktueller chirurgischer Verfahren zum Umgang mit peripheren Nerven nach Extremitätenamputation.

Material und Methoden
Es erfolgt eine Literaturrecherche bzgl. chirurgischer Prophylaxe und Therapie von Neurom- und Phantomschmerzen, sowie zu Techniken zur Verbesserung der funktionellen Schnittstelle zwischen Stumpf und Prothese. Anhand relevanter Arbeiten sowie der Erfahrungen der Autoren werden entsprechende Empfehlungen formuliert.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Es gibt eine große Anzahl an verschiedenen Operationstechniken, insbesondere im Umgang mit schmerzhaften Neuromen. Von den klassischen Verfahren findet besonders häufig die intramuskuläre Verlagerung der endständiger Nerven Anwendung. Neuere Techniken wie Targeted Muscle Reinnervation (TMR) und Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) zielen erstmals darauf ab, dem Nerven auch nach Amputation funktionelle Endorgane zu liefern. Neben der verbesserten Steuerung myoelektrischer Prothesen zeigen diese Verfahren auch exzellente Ergebnisse in Bezug auf Neurom- und Phantomschmerzen.
Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Dengue Virus Infection
Authors: Bhatt Puneet , Sabeena Sasidharan Pillai , Varma Muralidhar , Arunkumar Govindakarnavar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe pathogenesis of dengue virus infection is attributed to complex interplay between virus, host genes and host immune response. Host factors such as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), memory cross-reactive T cells, anti-DENV NS1 antibodies, autoimmunity as well as genetic factors are major determinants of disease susceptibility. NS1 protein and anti-DENV NS1 antibodies were believed to be responsible for pathogenesis of severe dengue. The cytokine response of cross-reactive CD4+ T cells might be altered by the sequential infection with different DENV serotypes, leading to further elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing a detrimental immune response. Fcγ receptor-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) results in release of cytokines from immune cells leading to vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and increased vascular permeability. Genomic variation of dengue virus and subgenomic flavivirus RNA (sfRNA) suppressing host immune response are viral determinants of disease severity. Dengue infection can lead to the generation of autoantibodies against DENV NS1antigen, DENV prM, and E proteins, which can cross-react with several self-antigens such as plasminogen, integrin, and platelet cells. Apart from viral factors, several host genetic factors and gene polymorphisms also have a role to play in pathogenesis of DENV infection. This review article highlights the various factors responsible for the pathogenesis of dengue and also highlights the recent advances in the field related to biomarkers which can be used in future for predicting severe disease outcome.
On the role of large cross-sectional deformations in the nonlinear analysis of composite thin-walled structures
Authors: Carrera E. , Pagani A. , Augello R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe geometrical nonlinear effects caused by large displacements and rotations over the cross section of composite thin-walled structures are investigated in this work. The geometrical nonlinear equations are solved within the finite element method framework, adopting the Newton–Raphson scheme and an arc-length method. Inherently, to investigate cross-sectional nonlinear kinematics, low- to higher-order theories are employed by using the Carrera unified formulation, which provides a tool to generate refined theories of structures in a systematic manner. In particular, beams and shell-like laminated composite structures are analyzed using a layerwise approach, according to which each layer has its own independent kinematics. Different stacking sequences are analyzed, to highlight the influence of the cross-ply angle on the static responses. The results show that the geometrical nonlinear effects play a crucial role, mainly when higher-order theories are utilized.