bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the impact of environmental pollution: Parasitic infestation and conditions factor of fish living in amalgamation ponds
Authors: Nur I , Yusnaini  , Idris M , Sari A I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Artisanal and small-scale gold mining activities often leave pools. During rainy seasons, they form lakes where various species of fish live. Fish that live in amalgamation lakes or near streams may obtain contaminated water from mercury. Therefore, the aims of this research was to investigate the species of parasites as well as the condition of tilapia that live in the former pool of gold mining in Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The samples that were used were tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) with a total sample size of 40 fish. Fish condition factor was evaluated on the basis of body weight and length data. Examination of ectoparasites and endoparasites were performed on fish for prevalence and intensity parameters, while the measurements of heavy metals Hg were carried out on water and sediment and sampled four times. Based on the research results, three species of parasites attacking on external body of fish (ectoparasites) were found, namely Dactylogyrus sp., Ergasilus sp., and Microsporidia (Glugea sp.). Prevalence of those three parasites ranged from 10-90%, while intensity ranged from 1.7-3.5 parasite/fish. Condition factor of tilapia was between 2.70-3.81. Moreover, an average of Hg concentration was higher in sediment (0.167 ppm) than in water (0.039 ppm). Although it seems that the presence of parasites in fish is still relatively low and fish shows normal growth, people should not consume fish live in ex-mining ponds often for the health of the local community.
Sexual behaviors of Ongole Crossbred bulls and cows with colony housing system
Authors: Baliarti E , Panjono  , Ali M H , Widi T S M , Yulianto D E , Atmoko B A , Maulana H , Effendhy J , Prihandini P W , Pamungkas D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the sexual behaviors of Ongole crossbreed bulls and cows with colony housing systems. Bull sexual behaviors was observed, including Oro-Nasal Contact (ONC), Flehmen, Mounts Orientation Response (MOR), Mounts, and Services. Cows sexual behaviors were: Mounting, Standing-to-be-mounted (STBM), and vulvar appearance (color, swelling, secretion of mucus). Sexual behaviors were observed in 24 hours, with the estrous cycle stage was determined by changes in the character of the vaginal epithelial cells. The data was analyzed by using statistic varian one-way method. The result showed that Ongole crossbreed bulls had sexual behaviors (ONC, Flehmen, MOR, Mounts, and Services) significantly higher than cows with estrous phase (P<0.01). The intensity of bull sexual behaviors had been influenced by the phase of estrous of the cows. At the time of estrus, the cows had the response of mounting (25%), STBM (100%), reddening vulva (75%), swelling vulva (75%), and mucus secretion (100%) that could be a factor of high sexual behavior intensity of the bulls. The conclusion of this study was bulls and cows that kept with the colony housing system had increased sexual behaviors when the cows at the estrous phase.
The Effect of Soybean Oil Calcium Soap (SOCS) and Cashew Fruit Flour (CFF) on Spermatozoa Motility of Bali Cattle Stored at 5°C
Authors: Putranti Oktora Dwi , Bain Ali , Muhsafaat La Ode 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research was conducted to evaluate the motility of Bali cattle spermatozoa stored at 5°C. Bali cattle was given three different types of ration, those are PI: 40% field grass (RL) + 60% concentrate, P2: 40% RL + 60% concentrate supplemented by 5% soybean calcium oil soap, and P3: 40% RL + 60% of the concentrate which was supplemented by 5% COS + 10% cashew fruit flour (CFF). The variables measured were the motility of spermatozoa stored with Egg Yolk Tris diluent at 5°C and observed for 3 (three) days. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The data of the percentage of motility analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there are significant differences (P <0.05) or very significant (P <0.01), then the Tukey-W-Procedure test with SPSS is continued. Bali cattle consuming P3 rations had higher motility (P <0.05) than P1 and P2. Feeding of 5% soybean oil calcium soap (SOCS) and 10% cashew fruit flour CFF had a significant influence on the motility of Bali cattle.
Quality of Garut Ram’s Sperm in Tris Extender Supplemented with Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid Preserved at Low Temperature (3–5°C)
Authors: Herdis  , Anwar R.I. , Saili T. , Rizal M. , Arifiantini R.I. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a chemical substance that can bind the heavy metal and other toxic compounds so it is suitable to use for protecting sperm during preservation at 3-5°C. The research aimed to evaluate the role of EDTA to maintain the quality of Garut ram sperm in low-temperature preservation. Semen was collected by an artificial vagina. Fresh semen was evaluated and divided into 3 tubes and diluted with tris extender contain 20% egg yolk (TEY) without EDTA (T1), TEY+0.01% EDTA (T2) and TEY+0.02% EDTA (T 3). Semen was evaluated both macroscopically and microscopically before preserved in a refrigerator at 3-5°C. During storage, semen was also evaluated on daily basis (four consecutive days) that included variables relate to sperm motility (SM), sperm viability (SV), sperm membrane integrity (SMI) and sperm acrosome intact (SAI). The research design used was Completely Randomized Design with three treatments and five replications. Differences between treatments were tested with the least significant difference test. The results showed that the average of each variable gained of fresh semen was 0.88mL for volume, cream for color, thick for consistency and 7 for pH. While the mass movement of sperm was +++ and sperm concentration was 3,962 million cells/mL. The average percentages of SM, SV, abnormality, SMI, and SAI were 75.00%, 86.60%, 4.80%, 84.40%, and 84.80%, respectively. On the day-4 of storage, percentages of SM, SV, SMI, and SAI in control (T1) decreased to 48.75%, 66.25%, 64.75%, and 63.5%, respectively, but still met the requirement of sperm quality for artificial insemination purposes. Moreover, there was no significant difference between T2 (45.00%, 65.00%, 63.25% and 65.25%) and T3 (40.00%, 65.67%, 60.75% and 62.50%) of those variables measured. Finally, it was concluded that the addition of EDTA in Tris extender could maintain the quality of Garut ram sperm.
Evaluation of Implementation Good Dairy Farming Practices (GDFP) at Ambopi Smallholder Dairy Farm, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Asminaya Nur Santy , Bain Ali , Sandiah Natsir , Muhsafaat Laode , Irawan Fanny Yulia , Indi Amiludin , Sulfitrana Andini 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGenerally, Dairy cows maintenance traditionally by the farmer on a small scale and did not use Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). This study was done to evaluate the application of Good Dairy Farming Practice (GDFP) at a smallholder dairy farm in Ambopi village. The methods used were a survey and distribution of questionnaires, observations and direct measurements. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tabulated frequencies form to illustrate the characteristics of each aspect of raising dairy cows. Assessment of technical aspects of maintenance include: 1) Genetic and Reproduction; 2) Feeding; 3) Management; 4) Enclosures and equipment; 5) Animal health and 6) Animal welfare. The results showed the value of GDFP in unfavorable categories (C) i.e 1.67. Feeding, enclosure and equipment and also animal welfare are in a bad category (D) i.e 0.85; 0.75 and 0.60 respectively while the other technical aspects are in the quite good category (B). D value indicates the poor management of dairy cattle maintenance in Ambopi Village so it needs special attention to optimized milk production and dairy cows productivity.
Profit and Financial Feasibility Analysis of Broiler Chicken Livestock in South Konawe District, Indonesia
Authors: Geo Laode , Saediman H. , Ariani Wa Ode Rachmasari 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study is to find out: 1) the cost structure of broiler chicken farming; 2) the level of profitability of broiler chickens; 3) financial feasibility of broiler chicken farms. This research was conducted in Konawe Selatan Regency. To answer the research objectives, the type of data used is primary data obtained by interviews and observations. The analytical tool is descriptive analysis. The results showed that: 1) the types of costs in the chicken farming business were dominated by feed costs and DOC; 2) The profit of broiler chickens farming is quite large at an average of Rp. 28,778,493 per harvest season in which the largest amount of income is Rp. 61,239,900 and the smallest income is Rp. 4,934,250 per harvest season; 3) calculation of R-C Ratio is 1.55 on average or more than 1, so it is feasible to keep it running.
The Profiling of the Farmers with Semi-Intensive and Intensive Cattle Production Systems in South Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi Province
Authors: Sulfiar A. E. T. , Atmoko B A , Guntoro B. , Budisatria I. G. S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The study aimed at determining the profile of the beef cattle farmers with semi-intensive and intensive production systems in South Konawe district. It was expected that the results of the study could be information source for stakeholders and policymakers in developing farming resources. It was conducted in July-August 2019 using participatory rural appraisal method and involved 105 farmers selected using purposive sampling and considering production system and minimum cattle ownership. Data were quantitatively described and analyzed using independent T-test. The mean age, the cattle farming experience, the number of family members, and the cattle ownership of the farmers were not significantly different. The cattle farming motivations as savings and insurance were higher among the farmers with semi-intensive production system (P<0.05), which were 2.98±0.13 vs. 2.72±0.45, but those as primary livelihood and manure producer were higher (P<0.05) among the farmers with intensive production system, which were 2.28±0.45 and 1.46±0.50 vs. 1.62±0.53 and 1.09±0.29. The participation of the family members of the farmers in the cattle farming activity was not significantly different. It was concluded that the cattle production system related to farming motivation. The farmers with the semi-intensive production systems used cattle more as saving and insurance, while those with the intensive production system used cattle as primary source of income and manure producer.
Acceleration of Laying Chicken Business Development in Response to Egg Demand in Southeast Sulawesi Province
Authors: Salam Idrus , Nafiu Laode 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The high demand for broiler eggs in Southeast Sulawesi at this time requires efforts from all parties to jointly think about how to fulfill them. The average egg production by farmers in Southeast Sulawesi only reaches 13,021 tons annually, which means that 60% of local farmers’ needs are met and the rest (40%) is supplied from South Sulawesi and East Java. The average increase in egg production per year in the region reached 157,787-kilograms or 12.57 percent. This can have an impact on the scarcity of stock and soaring egg prices in certain seasons that cause inflation. The solution that has been made to anticipate this condition, the government has played an active role together and the community. Hope in the future is to release dependence on egg supply from outside the region. In the last few years, there has been an increase in business in the field of animal husbandry, especially in laying hens. The participation that has been carried out by the government, among others, is to provide skills training on laying hens, including business management. The government has also facilitated the procurement of capital from banks. must be accompanied by the availability of funds as capital for business development. Likewise, the breeders have tried to develop their businesses, which has been proven to have increased production by 13.23% one year.
Priority of Risk (But Not Perceived Magnitude of Risk) Predicts Improved Sun-Protection Behavior Following Genetic Counseling for Familial Melanoma
Authors: Taber Jennifer M , Aspinwall Lisa G , Drummond Danielle M , Stump Tammy K , Kohlmann Wendy , Champine Marjan , Cassidy Pamela , Leachman Sancy A 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding multiple components of risk perceptions is important because perceived risk predicts engagement in prevention behaviors.PurposeTo examine how multiple components of risk perceptions (perceived magnitude of and worry about risk, prioritization of the management of one’s risk) changed following genetic counseling with or without test reporting, and to examine which of these components prospectively predicted improvements in sun-protection behavior 1 year later.MethodsA prospective, nonrandomized study design was used. Participants were 114 unaffected members of melanoma-prone families who (i) underwent genetic testing for a CDKN2A/p16 mutation (n = 69) or (ii) were at comparably elevated risk based on family history and underwent genetic counseling but not testing (no-test controls, n = 45). Participants reported risk perception components and sun-protection behavior at baseline, immediately following counseling, and 1 month and 1 year after counseling.ResultsFactor analysis indicated three risk components. Carriers reported increased perceived magnitude and priority of risk, but not cancer worry. No-test controls showed no changes in any risk perception. Among noncarriers, priority of risk remained high at all assessments, whereas magnitude of risk and cancer worry decreased. Of the three risk components, greater priority of risk uniquely predicted improved self-reported sun protection 1 year post-counseling.ConclusionsPriority of risk (i) seems to be a component of risk perceptions distinguishable from magnitude of risk and cancer worry, (ii) may be an important predictor of daily prevention behavior, and (iii) remained elevated 1 year following genetic counseling only for participants who received a positive melanoma genetic test result.
Experiences of Discrimination and Urinary Catecholamine Concentrations: Longitudinal Associations in a College Student Sample
Authors: Homandberg Lydia K , Fuller-Rowell Thomas E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Experiences of discrimination are a risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease. However, there is a lack of longitudinal research examining associations between discrimination and urinary catecholamines. This is surprising given the likely mediating role of sympathetic nervous system dysregulation in the association between psychosocial stress and cardiovascular morbidity.

Purpose
The current study examined the 3 year longitudinal association between experiences of discrimination and urinary catecholamines.

Methods
The sample included 149 college students (mean age at baseline = 18.8, standard deviation = 0.96; 45% Black/African American; 55% White/European American). Concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine—urinary catecholamines with established links to psychosocial stress exposure and subsequent morbidity—were determined from 12 hr overnight samples.

Results
Results indicated that experiences of discrimination were associated with increases in both epinephrine (β = .284, standard error [SE] = .117, p = .015) and norepinephrine (β = .306, SE = .114, p = .001). These longitudinal associations persisted after adjusting for negative affect, depression, and rejection sensitivity and did not vary as a function of race/ethnicity.

Conclusions
Results suggest that examination of overnight urinary catecholamines as a biological mediator of associations between experiences of discrimination and cardiovascular morbidity is warranted.
Placental Pathology in COVID-19
Authors: Shanes Elisheva D , Mithal Leena B , Otero Sebastian , Azad Hooman A , Miller Emily S , Goldstein Jeffery A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To describe histopathologic findings in the placentas of women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during pregnancy.

Methods
Pregnant women with COVID-19 delivering between March 18, 2020, and May 5, 2020, were identified. Placentas were examined and compared to historical controls and women with placental evaluation for a history of melanoma.

Results
Sixteen placentas from patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were examined (15 with live birth in the third trimester, 1 delivered in the second trimester after intrauterine fetal demise). Compared to controls, third trimester placentas were significantly more likely to show at least one feature of maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM), particularly abnormal or injured maternal vessels, and intervillous thrombi. Rates of acute and chronic inflammation were not increased.
The placenta from the patient with intrauterine fetal demise showed villous edema and a retroplacental hematoma.

Conclusions
Relative to controls, COVID-19 placentas show increased prevalence of decidual arteriopathy and other features of MVM, a pattern of placental injury reflecting abnormalities in oxygenation within the intervillous space associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Only 1 COVID-19 patient was hypertensive despite the association of MVM with hypertensive disorders and preeclampsia. These changes may reflect a systemic inflammatory or hypercoagulable state influencing placental physiology.
Breeding performance of Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) does not decline among older age classes
Authors: Nisbet Ian C T , Iles David , Kaneb Andrew , Mostello Carolyn S , Jenouvrier Stéphanie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDeclines in reproductive performance among older age classes have been reported in many bird and mammal species, and are commonly presented as demonstrating reproductive senescence. However, no declines in performance could be demonstrated in studies of several bird species. We measured reproductive performance in Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) of known age (2–28 yr) during a 19-yr period at a site in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, USA. We measured 6 components of reproductive performance and used generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) in a Bayesian framework to analyze dependence of each measure on parental age, while controlling for variations among years and indices of individual quality. Four measures of performance improved (earlier laying date, higher values of clutch size, fledging success, and productivity) with age, most rapidly between ages 2 and 10 yr; egg mass and hatching success varied only slightly with age. No measure of performance showed reversals among the older age classes; fledging success and productivity continued to increase through at least age 22 yr. These findings are consistent with results from an earlier study of the same species. Continued increase in reproductive performance through the oldest age classes is not incompatible with “reproductive senescence” (decline in physiological or other functions required for successful reproduction) if either reproductive effort or efficiency continue to increase. Studies within our population have yielded no evidence for age-related increase in reproductive effort, but 3 studies have suggested that older Common Terns can raise chicks more successfully than younger birds without increasing reproductive effort, probably by more efficient foraging and chick provisioning. Our findings suggest that Common Terns offset reproductive senescence by continuing to improve efficiency through at least age 22 yr. Age-related changes in efficiency should be investigated in other species with similar life-history traits.
Combining phenome-driven drug-target interaction prediction with patients’ electronic health records-based clinical corroboration toward drug discovery
Authors: Zhou Mengshi , Zheng Chunlei , Xu Rong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Predicting drug–target interactions (DTIs) using human phenotypic data have the potential in eliminating the translational gap between animal experiments and clinical outcomes in humans. One challenge in human phenome-driven DTI predictions is integrating and modeling diverse drug and disease phenotypic relationships. Leveraging large amounts of clinical observed phenotypes of drugs and diseases and electronic health records (EHRs) of 72 million patients, we developed a novel integrated computational drug discovery approach by seamlessly combining DTI prediction and clinical corroboration.

Results
We developed a network-based DTI prediction system (TargetPredict) by modeling 855 904 phenotypic and genetic relationships among 1430 drugs, 4251 side effects, 1059 diseases and 17 860 genes. We systematically evaluated TargetPredict in de novo cross-validation and compared it to a state-of-the-art phenome-driven DTI prediction approach. We applied TargetPredict in identifying novel repositioned candidate drugs for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a disease affecting over 5.8 million people in the United States. We evaluated the clinical efficiency of top repositioned drug candidates using EHRs of over 72 million patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.97 in the de novo cross-validation when evaluated using 910 drugs. TargetPredict outperformed a state-of-the-art phenome-driven DTI prediction system as measured by precision–recall curves [measured by average precision (MAP): 0.28 versus 0.23, P-value &lt; 0.0001]. The EHR-based case–control studies identified that the prescriptions top-ranked repositioned drugs are significantly associated with lower odds of AD diagnosis. For example, we showed that the prescription of liraglutide, a type 2 diabetes drug, is significantly associated with decreased risk of AD diagnosis [adjusted odds ratios (AORs): 0.76; 95% confidence intervals (CI) (0.70, 0.82), P-value &lt; 0.0001]. In summary, our integrated approach that seamlessly combines computational DTI prediction and large-scale patients’ EHRs-based clinical corroboration has high potential in rapidly identifying novel drug targets and drug candidates for complex diseases.

Availability and implementation
nlp.case.edu/public/data/TargetPredict.