bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intellectual capital efficiency and organisational performance
Authors: Chowdhury Leena Afroz Mostofa , Rana Tarek , Azim Mohammad Istiaq 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to, the first of its kind, investigate the relationship between the intellectual capital efficiency and organisational performance of the pharmaceutical sector in Bangladesh, an emerging economy that enjoys Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) relaxation.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used hand-picked data from annual reports for five years. The relationship between efficient use of intellectual capital and corporate performance was examined through the practical use of human capital, structural capital and capital employed. Multiple regressions were used to assess their impact on financial performance – specifically, return on assets, return on equity, asset turnover and market-to-book value.

Findings
Value-added intellectual coefficient components (i.e. human capital, structural capital and capital employed) significantly explained asset turnover and return on assets but failed to predict the return on equity outcome. Additionally, asset turnover was negatively influenced by structural capital and positively influenced by capital employed. The return on assets was mostly affected by variation in human capital. Intellectual capital did not predict market-to-book value or investment decisions.

Practical implications
This paper provides useful resources for evaluating the financial performance and value creation of companies in emerging economies that enjoy TRIPS exemptions; this research could also be extended using cross-industry comparisons. The findings have theoretical and practical implications, particularly for the pharmaceutical industry in emerging economy contexts, and for managers globally.

Originality/value
This study is among only a few that have reported on the relationship between intellectual capital efficiency and value creation in emerging economy contexts.
Using a game-based learning approach in teaching overall equipment effectiveness
Authors: Bengtsson Marcus 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel training material for the performance indicator overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) in the form of a game-based learning (GBL) approach to be used in Industry and University context. The paper will present the development of the game as well as results from tests of the game with Industry employees and University students.

Design/methodology/approach
The data that are used in the game have been acquired from real OEE data logs of a reference company. The game has been refined iteratively using feedback from the participants of the tests.

Findings
The paper presents the game with its components and learning objectives. A comparison of various theoretical factors on GBL and the novel training material is performed and future improvements are suggested.

Research limitations/implications
The game has been developed based on OEE data logs from only one reference company.

Practical implications
The training material and specifically the game can be used to train Industrial workers and University students to better envision OEE as a performance indicator.

Originality/value
Serious games on lean manufacturing have been developed and played for a long time. While some of these games include OEE as an important result parameter, none really demonstrates how it is measured and analyzed.
Fault detection for parallel operating machines
Authors: Helm Dustin , Timusk Markus 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that by utilizing the relationship between redundant hardware components, inherent in parallel machinery, vibration-based fault detection methods can be made more robust to changes in operational conditions. This work reports on a study of fault detection on bearings operating in two parallel subsystems that experience identical changes in speed and load.

Design/methodology/approach
This study was carried out using two identical subsystems that operate on the same duty cycle. The systems were run with both healthy and a variety of common bearing faults. The faults were detected by analyzing the residual between the features of the two vibration signatures from the two subsystems.

Findings
This work found that by utilizing this relationship in parallel operating machinery the fault detection process can be improved. The study looked at several different types of feature vector and found that, in this case, features based on envelope analysis or autoregressive model work the best, whereas basic statistical features did not work as well.

Originality/value
The proposed method can be a computationally efficient and simple solution to monitoring non-stationary machinery where there is hardware redundancy present. This method is shown to have some advantages over non-parallel approaches.
A zero-one integer programming for preventive maintenance scheduling for electricity and distiller plants with production
Authors: Alhamad Khaled , Alhajri Mohammad 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe a method that has been set up to schedule preventive maintenance (PM) tasks for power and water plants with all constraints such as production and maintenance.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed methodology relies on the zero-one integer programming model that finds the maximum number of power and water units available in separate generating units. To verify this, the model was implemented and tested as a case study in Kuwait for the Cogeneration Station.

Findings
An effective solution can be achieved for scheduling the PM tasks and production at the power and water cogeneration plant.

Practical implications
The proposed model offers a practical method to schedule PM of power and water units, which are expensive equipment.

Originality/value
This proposed model is an effective decision-making tool that provides an ideal solution for preventive maintenance scheduling problems for power and water units in a cogeneration plant, effectively and complies with all constraints.
The Lean Discovery Process: the case of raiserve
Authors: Carroll Ryall , Casselman R. Mitch 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Uncertainty in the early development of digital business startups can benefit from data-driven testing of hypotheses. Startups face uncertainty not only in product development, but also over the structure of the business model and the nature of the customer or market to address. The authors conceptualize a new model, the Lean Discovery Process (LDP), which focuses on market-based testing from the early business idea through to fully realized product stages of an innovation. The purpose of this paper is to highlight a methodology to help digital business reduce uncertainty and apply lean principles as early as possible in the development of a business concept.

Design/methodology/approach
Examining literature in lean startups, lean user experience and lean software development, the authors highlight underlying assumptions of existing lean models. The authors then examine the LDP using the case of raiserve, a social entrepreneurship startup that focuses on the management of cause-based voluntary service.

Findings
Existing literature focuses on product development against an assumed customer base. Early hypothesis testing can be applied to business concept development to substantially reduce cost and time to market.

Research limitations/implications
Further investigation of different forms of uncertainty in digital startups can open up opportunities to further apply lean methodologies. A more extensive empirical study to measure the potential impact is warranted.

Originality/value
The authors conceptualize the minimum viable customer and support early testing with concepts from market research and collective intelligence. The authors demonstrate early opportunities to apply lean principles and rigorous hypothesis testing in an LDP that results in significant reductions in time and expense of product development.
Why pay? An empirical study of paid-for SQA sites in China
Authors: Zhang Faming , Hu Qifan , Fang Xupeng 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The once failed paid-for social question and answer (SQA) service is in full swing in China. The traditional profit model, which typically relies on advertising, is abandoned in this case. Instead, users have to pay for content and service. The purpose of this paper is to explore why users are willing to pay in paid-for SQA sites.

Design/methodology/approach
This study carried out 14 valid semi-structured interviews to investigate “why did they pay.” The interviewees are users of three popular paid-for SQA sites. The qualitative data were obtained from valid interviews and processed through thematic analysis.

Findings
The analysis revealed five overarching themes: paying for the answerer’s heterogeneous resource, paying for more credible answer, the cognition of the question, the price is affordable and expecting potential revenue. The five themes and their sub-themes constitute the motivation for why users would pay in paid-for SQA.

Practical implications
As a new business model for online information services, paid-for SQA sites are facing fierce competition from traditional ones. The findings not only indicate the importance of establishing a reciprocal network relationship among users, but also provide a better understanding of users’ needs and demands for paid-for SQA services. The results are helpful for paid-for SQA sites to conduct a differential competitive strategy according to the user’s paying motivation.

Originality/value
To authors’ knowledge, this is the first study, which provides primary-source data and valuable insights into users’ paying motivation in the context of new paid-for SQA sites in China.
The relationship between ethical leadership and employees’ internal and external community citizenship behaviors
Authors: Eva Nathan , Newman Alexander , Zhou Abby Jingzi , Zhou Steven Shijin 
Published: November 2019

PurposeCommunity citizenship behaviors (CCBs) of employees help organizations to promote a socially conscious image. However, there is still a significant gap in the knowledge as to how to foster CCBs amongst employees. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether ethical leadership, as a prosocial leadership approach, fosters CCBs amongst employees, both at work and when they leave the office, through enhancing their prosocial motivation.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 160 employees across 48 small- and medium-sized enterprises in China. Multi-level modeling using maximum likelihood estimation in MPlus was utilized to analyze the two-level model simultaneously and the significance of the multi-level indirect effects was tested using the Monte Carlo method with 20,000 replications.FindingsCounter to the expectations, the authors found that although ethical leadership increased employees’ prosocial motivation, this only translated to higher levels of employees’ CCBs at work, but not once they left the office.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that ethical leaders play a critical role in developing the prosocial motivation of employees and encouraging them to engage in CCBs that are supported by the organization. To that end, organizations should consider hiring leaders with high levels of ethical leadership and provide ethical leadership training to senior management.Originality/valueThe authors make a theoretical contribution by explaining the process by which ethical leaders influence employees to engage in CCBs, addressing calls to understand how social learning theory can be used to understand how people learn to become socially responsible.
Perceived overqualification and job crafting: the moderating role of positive psychological capital
Authors: Sesen Harun , Ertan Senay Sahil 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between perceived overqualification and job crafting, which has the ability to drive satisfaction, loyalty and performance; drawing on the broaden-and-build theory, the study tests the positive psychological capital (PsyCap) moderation role in this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were obtained from 320 white-collar employees in Northern Cyprus. Data on perceived overqualification and positive PsyCap were gathered in the first survey, and job crafting was measured as a follow up. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression.

Findings
Perceived overqualification has a significantly negative effect on all dimensions of job crafting. However, considering PsyCap as a moderator, the study demonstrates that the negative impact of perceived overqualification on job crafting lessens when positive PsyCap is high rather than low.

Research limitations/implications
Self-reported surveys are used and results were collected from only Northern Cyprus.

Practical implications
The study has important practical implications for managing and reaping benefits from employees who perceive themselves as overqualified. Specifically, organizations need to implement efficient activities that increase positive PsyCap among these employees (e.g. inspirational videos and other learning), which can thereby boost their job-crafting behavior and result in better organizational performance.

Originality/value
This research is the first to investigate positive PsyCap among employees who feel overqualified. The findings further point to what can be done to encourage job-crafting behavior by using positive PsyCap to increase passion and motivation among overqualified employees.
Does supervisors’ mindfulness keep employees from engaging in cyberloafing out of compassion at work?
Authors: Zoghbi-Manrique-de-Lara Pablo , Viera-Armas Mercedes , De Blasio García Gabriel 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether the appearance of cyberloafing at work, that is, the use of the company’s internet connection for personal purposes, may be due to a workplace that lacks mindfulness and compassion. The authors first hypothesize that supervisors’ mindfulness is related to the mindfulness of their direct followers, and that both are related to employees’ compassion at work. The authors also hypothesize that compassion mediates the link between supervisors’ and followers’ mindfulness and cyberloafing, and that empathic concern mediates the link from compassion to cyberloafing.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was distributed to followers working in groups of three with the same leader in all of the 100 banks in London (UK). Supervisors and their direct reports (n=100) and 100 triads of followers (n=300) participated. The authors applied structural equation modeling (SEM) for analyses.FindingsResults showed that supervisors’ and followers’ mindfulness were significantly related to each other and to compassion at work, but compassion acted as a mediator only in the case of supervisors’ mindfulness. Empathic concern mediated the compassion-cyberloafing link.Research limitations/implicationsThe study could suffer from mono-method/source bias and specificities of banks and their work processes can raise concerns about the generalizability of the results.Practical implicationsFindings suggest that mindfulness training may facilitate compassion at work, which, in turn, will restrain the occurrence of cyberloafing at work.Originality/valueThis is the first study to analyze how and why employees refrain from harming their organizations out of compassion.
Investigating learning and diffusion strategies for sustainable mobility
Authors: Papageorgiou George , Demetriou Gregoris 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the concepts of learning and diffusion within the context of urban development and sustainable active mobility. A model is proposed, which treats learning as a diffusion process in a dynamic way, so that key strategies and their effects are investigated over time. Specifically, the question being examined is how learning and information technology strategies can change the mindset of people to be more physically active in their mobility around a city. This is carried out by developing a system dynamics (SD) computer simulation model, where learning strategies that promote walking can be tested prior to implementation.Design/methodology/approachBased on the specific key stages of knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation and confirmation, the proposed SD model incorporates individual citizen and group level learning and diffusion processes in a unified integrated approach. The SD model gives a clear picture on how learning and changing mindsets occur in the context of a city, whereby we can explore the main drivers to learn new sustainability related habits. A case study is used to contextualize and demostrate the active mobility issue, in order to develop practical scenarios for promoting a walking mindset. This is done in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the model and show its practicality. Through the model we investigate the relationships among variables such as awareness, contact, communication and adoption and evaluate their impact on city policies to promote a walking mindset.FindingsThe developed SD model exhibits important dimensions, such as social learning, motivation to change behaviour and an analysis of the effects of plausible strategies for promoting sustainable active mobility. The authors have proven that through simulation experimentation, we can significantly accelerate the shaping and diffusion of a walking mindset, by influencing individual and community learning via the introduction of Information and Communication Technology in conjunction with an awareness campaign strategy.Research limitations/implicationsThe diagrammatic representation and the quantification of the factors that contribute to active mobility give rise to better understanding of how policy makers could promote a walking culture in a city. The implications are that the proposed SD model could be used by city planning authorities as a framework for shaping mindsets towards active and sustainable mobility.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the further understanding of learning, diffusion of new ideas and strategic planning within the city context. Through the proposed SD model, a number of strategies are formulated and tested using scenario planning, sensitivity analysis and optimization, in order to develop a walking mindset and an urban culture of sustainability.
Buy Me a River: Purchasing Water Rights to Restore River Flows in the Western USA
Authors: Richter Brian D. , Andrews Stephen , Dahlinghaus Rhaude , Freckmann Gabriella , Ganis Sam , Green James , Hardman Ian , Palmer Marissa , Shalvey Jessica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn recent decades, public and private environmental entities have been purchasing or leasing water rights across the Western United States (U.S.) in efforts to restore river flows and aquatic ecosystems. The need to pay for flow restoration arises from the fact that state governments did not begin to reserve water for instream purposes until the 1970s, long after water rights had become over‐appropriated and flows were substantially depleted in most rivers. As a consequence, flow depletion has become the leading cause of fish endangerment in the U.S., including the imperilment of two‐thirds of all native fish species in the Colorado River system. This paper takes stock of the progress made in buying water for the environment, specifically by reviewing and analyzing more than 50 transactions executed by public and private entities and the sources of funding underpinning these transactions. We conclude that nongovernmental actors — such as environmental organizations and state water trusts — are integral to regional efforts to restore river flows; these nongovernmental actors executed more than two‐thirds of the transactions we documented. However, we also conclude that the long‐term success of these nongovernmental actors depends upon the availability of sustained public funding that enables them to build capacity and engage in the large number of transactions needed to restore flows across each state.
Comparison of methods of quantifying global synovial metabolic activity with FDG‐PET/CT in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Raynor William Y. , Jonnakuti Venkata S. , Zirakchian Zadeh Mahdi , Werner Thomas J. , Cheng Gang , Zhuang Hongming , Høilund‐Carlsen Poul Flemming , Alavi Abass , Baker Joshua F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAim2‐deoxy‐2‐[18F]fluoro‐d‐glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG‐PET/CT) can portray increased glycolysis due to inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the reliability and construct validity of two methods of quantifying RA disease activity using FDG‐PET/CT.MethodNineteen RA patients and 19 healthy controls matched to sex and age underwent prospective FDG‐PET/CT imaging. Metabolic and volumetric metrics were calculated using fixed and adaptive thresholding techniques and partial volume correction. Fixed thresholds segmented regions above average maximum physiological uptake in controls. Differences of means between RA and controls were assessed using t tests, and discrimination was assessed using receiver operating characteristics. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess associations between FDG‐PET/CT measures and clinical assessments of disease activity.ResultsAll FDG‐PET/CT measures were substantially different and nearly non‐overlapping between RA and controls (all P < .001). Area under the curve (AUC) for adaptive threshold parameters ranged from 0.986 to 0.997, and AUC for fixed threshold parameters ranged from 0.898 to 0.945. PET parameters were found to correlate positively with various clinical features, namely C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1, and swollen joint count.ConclusionAll FDG‐PET/CT parameters reflecting global RA disease activity differentiated between RA and controls, indicating high clinical utility to diagnose and assess RA. Adaptive thresholds can be used in a wider setting without control data, but methods utilizing fixed thresholds were more reproducible and more closely associated with indications of inflammation.