bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods for choosing state stimulation forms of investing the high-tech production for civilian purposes
Authors: Smolina E Yu , Malanina Yu N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article focuses on the leading part of the innovative development which is played by high-tech sectors of the economy, including the military-industrial complex focusing the innovative potential of high-tech industries. The article emphasizes that in the context of reducing military expenditures, the most important factor in the development of enterprises of the military-industrial complex is the production of high-tech products for civilian purposes. However, the production of high-tech civilian products requires significant financial investments, even if state support is provided. In this connection, the problem of choosing the forms of this support for investments in producing the high-tech civilian products at the enterprises of the military-industrial complex becomes particularly urgent. The article describes the difficulties faced by the military-industrial complex entering the market of civilian products. The article provides a formula for calculating budget efficiency, since the basis for a positive decision to provide state support is the value of the calculated indicator of budget efficiency of production. Based on the evaluating the effectiveness of commercial and budgetary investments obtained by the proposed formula, a decision can be made to invest in the production of high-tech civilian products.
The ecological dimension of globalization
Authors: Steger Manfred B. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
‘The ecological dimension of globalization’ examines the impact of the economic, political, and cultural aspects of globalization on ecological issues. Human-made disasters such as Chernobyl, Deepwater Horizon, and the Fukushima meltdown have made an impact described as glocal, in which their effects were not confined within one nation’s borders. Uncontrolled population growth, global warming, and climate change are all accentuated by the process of globalization. Some progress has been made such as at the 2015 Paris climate meeting, but progress is slow. This phase of globalization has severely damaged the environment, and it remains to be seen whether the breaking down of borders will now help us cooperate on a solution.
Impact of Public Health Interventions on Seasonal Influenza Activity During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea
Authors: Lee Hyunju , Lee Heeyoung , Song Kyoung-Ho , Kim Eu Suk , Park Jeong Su , Jung Jongtak , Ahn Soyeon , Jeong Eun Kyeong , Park Hyekyung , Kim Hong Bin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was introduced in Korea early with a large outbreak in mid-February. We reviewed the public health interventions used during the COVID-19 outbreak and describe the impact on seasonal influenza activity in Korea.

Methods
National response strategies, public health interventions and daily COVID-19–confirmed cases in Korea were reviewed during the pandemic. National influenza surveillance data were compared between 7 sequential seasons. Characteristics of each season, including rate of influenza-like illness (ILI), duration of epidemic, date of termination of epidemic, distribution of influenza virus strain, and hospitalization, were analyzed.

Results
After various public health interventions including enforced public education on hand hygiene, cough etiquette, staying at home with respiratory symptoms, universal mask use in public places, refrain from nonessential social activities, and school closures the duration of the influenza epidemic in 2019/2020 decreased by 6–12 weeks and the influenza activity peak rated 49.8 ILIs/1000 visits compared to 71.9–86.2 ILIs/1000 visits in previous seasons. During the period of enforced social distancing from weeks 9–17 of 2020, influenza hospitalization cases were 11.9–26.9-fold lower compared with previous seasons. During the 2019/2020 season, influenza B accounted for only 4%, in contrast to previous seasons in which influenza B accounted for 26.6–54.9% of all cases.

Conclusions
Efforts to activate a high-level national response not only led to a decrease in COVID-19 but also a substantial decrease in seasonal influenza activity. Interventions applied to control COVID-19 may serve as useful strategies for prevention and control of influenza in upcoming seasons.
Predictors for Severe COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Bhargava Ashish , Fukushima Elisa Akagi , Levine Miriam , Zhao Wei , Tanveer Farah , Szpunar Susanna M , Saravolatz Louis 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Predictors for severe COVID-19 infection have not been well defined. Determination of risk factors for severe infection would enable identifying patients who may benefit from aggressive supportive care and early intervention.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study of 197 patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary academic medical center.ResultsOf 197 hospitalized patients, the mean (SD) age of the cohort was 60.6 (16.2) years, 103 (52.3%) were male, and 156 (82.1%) were black. Severe COVID-19 infection was noted in 74 (37.6%) patients, requiring intubation. Patients aged above 60 were significantly more likely to have severe infection. Patients with severe infection were significantly more likely to have diabetes, renal disease, and chronic pulmonary disease and had significantly higher white blood cell counts, lower lymphocyte counts, and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) than patients with nonsevere infection. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, risk factors for severe infection included pre-existing renal disease (odds ratio [OR], 7.4; 95% CI, 2.5–22.0), oxygen requirement at hospitalization (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.3–6.7), acute renal injury (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3–5.6), and CRP on admission (OR, 1.006; 95% CI, 1.001–1.01). Race, age, and socioeconomic status were not independent predictors.ConclusionsAcute or pre-existing renal disease, supplemental oxygen upon hospitalization, and admission CRP were independent predictors for the development of severe COVID-19. Every 1-unit increase in CRP increased the risk of severe disease by 0.06%.
Long-term ACE Inhibitor/ARB Use Is Associated With Severe Renal Dysfunction and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Severe COVID-19: Results From a Referral Center Cohort in the Northeast of France
Authors: Oussalah Abderrahim , Gleye Stanislas , Clerc Urmes Isabelle , Laugel Elodie , Callet Jonas , Barbé Françoise , Orlowski Sophie , Malaplate Catherine , Aimone-Gastin Isabelle , Caillierez Beatrice Maatem , Merten Marc , Jeannesson Elise , Kormann Raphaël , Olivier Jean-Luc , Rodriguez-Guéant Rosa-Maria , Namour Farès , Bevilacqua Sybille , Losser Marie-Reine , Levy Bruno , Kimmoun Antoine , Gibot Sébastien , Thilly Nathalie , Frimat Luc , Schvoerer Evelyne , Guéant Jean-Louis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
In patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), data are scarce and conflicting regarding whether chronic use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) influences disease outcomes. In patients with severe COVID-19, we assessed the association between chronic ACEI/ARB use and the occurrence of kidney, lung, heart, and liver dysfunctions and the severity of the inflammatory reaction as evaluated by biomarkers kinetics, and their association with disease outcomes.

Methods
We performed a retrospective longitudinal cohort study on consecutive patients with newly diagnosed severe COVID-19. Independent predictors were assessed through receiver operating characteristic analysis, time-series analysis, logistic regression analysis, and multilevel modeling for repeated measures.

Results
On the 149 patients included in the study 30% (44/149) were treated with ACEI/ARB. ACEI/ARB use was independently associated with the following biochemical variations: phosphorus &gt;40 mg/L (odds ratio [OR], 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83–6.14), creatinine &gt;10.1 mg/L (OR, 3.22, 2.28–4.54), and urea nitrogen (UN) &gt;0.52 g/L (OR, 2.65, 95% CI, 1.89–3.73). ACEI/ARB use was independently associated with acute kidney injury stage ≥1 (OR, 3.28, 95% CI, 2.17–4.94). The daily dose of ACEI/ARB was independently associated with altered kidney markers with an increased risk of +25 to +31% per each 10 mg increment of lisinopril-dose equivalent. In multivariable multilevel modeling, UN &gt;0.52 g/L was independently associated with the risk of acute respiratory failure (OR, 3.54, 95% CI, 1.05–11.96).

Conclusions
Patients chronically treated with ACEI/ARB who have severe COVID-19 are at increased risk of acute kidney injury. In these patients, the increase in UN associated with ACEI/ARB use could predict the development of acute respiratory failure.
Monitoring Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Through Trends in Influenza-like Illness, Laboratory-confirmed Influenza, and COVID-19—New York State, Excluding New York City, 1 January 2020–12 April 2020
Authors: Rosenberg Eli S , Hall Eric W , Rosenthal Elizabeth M , Maxted Angela M , Gowie Donna L , Dufort Elizabeth M , Blog Debra S , Hoefer Dina , George Kirsten St , Hutton Brad J , Zucker Howard A ,   New York State Coronavirus 2019 Response Team, Anand Madhu , Backenson Bryon , Kaufman Alison , Kuhles Daniel , Muse Alison , Newman Alexandra , Pulver Wendy , Smith Lou , Sommer Jamie , White Jennifer , Dean Amy , Derbyshire Victoria , Egan Christina , Fuschino Meghan , Griesemer Sara , Hull Rene , Lamson Daryl , Laplante Jennifer , McDonough Kathleen , Mitchell Kara , Nazarian Elizabeth , Popowich Michael , Taylor Jill , Walsh Anne , Amler Sherlita , Huang Ada , Recchia Renee , Whalen Elizabeth , Lewis Elizabeth , Friedman Cynthia , Carrera Sandra , Eisenstein Lawrence , DeSimone Ann , Morne Johanne , Johnson Megan , Navarette Kristen , Kumar Jessica , Ostrowski Stephanie , Mazeau Andrienne , Dreslin Sally , Yates Nora , Greene Danielle , Heslin Eugene , Lutterloh Emily , Holtgrave David , Barranco Meredith 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Innovative monitoring approaches are needed to track the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and potentially assess the impact of community mitigation interventions. We present temporal data on influenza-like illness, influenza diagnosis, and COVID-19 cases for all 4 regions of New York State through the first 6 weeks of the outbreak.
Exome sequencing links CEP120 mutation to maternally derived aneuploid conception risk
Authors: Tyc Katarzyna M , El Yakoubi Warif , Bag Aishee , Landis Jessica , Zhan Yiping , Treff Nathan R , Scott Richard T , Tao Xin , Schindler Karen , Xing Jinchuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION
What are the genetic factors that increase the risk of aneuploid egg production?

SUMMARY ANSWER
A non-synonymous variant rs2303720 within centrosomal protein 120 (CEP120) disrupts female meiosis in vitro in mouse.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
The production of aneuploid eggs, with an advanced maternal age as an established contributing factor, is the major cause of IVF failure, early miscarriage and developmental anomalies. The identity of maternal genetic variants contributing to egg aneuploidy irrespective of age is missing.

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
Patients undergoing fertility treatment (n = 166) were deidentified and selected for whole-exome sequencing.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Patients self-identified their ethnic groups and their ages ranged from 22 to 49 years old. The study was performed using genomes from White, non-Hispanic patients divided into controls (97) and cases (69) according to the number of aneuploid blastocysts derived during each IVF procedure. Following a gene prioritization strategy, a mouse oocyte system was used to validate the functional significance of the discovered associated genetic variants.

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Patients producing a high proportion of aneuploid blastocysts (considered aneuploid if they missed any of the 40 chromatids or had extra copies) were found to carry a higher mutational burden in genes functioning in cytoskeleton and microtubule pathways. Validation of the functional significance of a non-synonymous variant rs2303720 within Cep120 on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation revealed that ectopic expression of CEP120:p.Arg947His caused decreased spindle microtubule nucleation efficiency and increased incidence of aneuploidy.

LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
Functional validation was performed using the mouse oocyte system. Because spindle building pathways differ between mouse and human oocytes, the defects we observed upon ectopic expression of the Cep120 variant may alter mouse oocyte meiosis differently than human oocyte meiosis. Further studies using knock-in ‘humanized’ mouse models and in human oocytes will be needed to translate our findings to human system. Possible functional differences of the variant between ethnic groups also need to be investigated.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
Variants in centrosomal genes appear to be important contributors to the risk of maternal aneuploidy. Functional validation of these variants will eventually allow prescreening to select patients that have better chances to benefit from preimplantation genetic testing.

STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This study was funded through R01-HD091331 to K.S. and J.X. and EMD Serono Grant for Fertility Innovation to N.R.T. N.R.T. is a shareholder and an employee of Genomic Prediction.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
N/A.
Macrolide resistance and molecular typing of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections during a 4 year period in Spain
Authors: Rivaya Belén , Jordana-Lluch Elena , Fernández-Rivas Gema , Molinos Sònia , Campos Roi , Méndez-Hernández María , Matas Lurdes 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) causes community-acquired pneumonia affecting mainly children, and tends to produce cyclic outbreaks. The widespread use of macrolides is increasing resistance rates to these antibiotics. Molecular tools can help in diagnosis, typing and resistance detection, leading to better patient management.

Objectives
To assess the MP genotypes and resistance pattern circulating in our area while comparing serological and molecular diagnosis of MP.

Methods
Molecular and serological diagnosis of MP was performed in 821 samples collected in Badalona (Barcelona, Spain) from 2013 to 2017. Multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and macrolide resistance detection by pyrosequencing were performed in those cases positive by PCR. Presence of respiratory viruses and relevant clinical data were also recorded.

Results
MP was detected in 16.8% of cases by PCR, with an overall agreement with serology of 76%. Eleven different MLVA types were identified, with 4-5-7-2 (50.1%) and 3-5-6-2 (29.2%) being the most abundant, with the latter showing a seasonal increase during the study. A total of 8% of the strains harboured a point substitution associated with macrolide resistance, corresponding mainly to an A2063G 23S rRNA mutation and directly related to previous macrolide therapy. Analysis of respiratory viruses showed viral coinfections in most cases.

Conclusions
Serological and molecular tools combined could improve MP diagnosis and the analysis of its infection patterns. Macrolide resistance is associated with previous therapy. Given that MP pneumonia usually resolves spontaneously, it should be reconsidered whether antibiotic treatment is suitable for all cases.
Veterans’ response to an automated text messaging protocol during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Saleem Jason J , Read Jacob M , Loehr Boyd M , Frisbee Kathleen L , Wilck Nancy R , Murphy John J , Vetter Brian M , Herout Jennifer 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is using an automated short message service application named “Annie” as part of its coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) response with a protocol for coronavirus precautions, which can help the veteran monitor symptoms and can advise the veteran when to contact his or her VA care team or a nurse triage line. We surveyed 1134 veterans on their use of the Annie application and coronavirus precautions protocol. Survey results support what is likely a substantial resource savings for the VA, as well as non-VA community healthcare. Moreover, the majority of veterans reported at least 1 positive sentiment (felt more connected to VA, confident, or educated and/or felt less anxious) by receiving the protocol messages. The findings from this study have implications for other healthcare systems to help manage a patient population during the coronavirus pandemic.
A new species of Dendrogaster Knipowitsch, 1890 (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida: Dendrogasteridae) parasitic in the sea star Certonardoa semiregularis (Müller & Troschel, 1842) (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from Japan
Authors: Yoshimoto Akari , Moritaki Takeya , Saito Nobuhiro , Wakabayashi Kaori 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
An ascothoracidan crustacean of the genus DendrogasterKnipowitsch, 1890 (Dendrogasteridae), known for more than 80 years to infect the sea star Certonardoa semiregularis (Müller & Troschel, 1842) and previously identified as Dendrogaster ludwigiLe Roi, 1905, is described as a new species on the basis of recently collected specimens from Mie and Yamaguchi Prefectures, Japan. Dendrogaster adhaerensn. sp. was found within the coelomic cavity of the arms of its host sea star. Partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene show that the specimens from both localities are conspecific. This new species was also confirmed to be morphologically distinct from Dendrogaster sp. cf. ludwigi infecting Echinaster luzonicus (Gray, 1842), which has also been confused with D. ludwigi. The new species differs from all of its congeners in the anastomosis of the posterior primary branches and its adhesion to the inner body wall of the host.
Indemnifying precaution: economic insights for regulation of a highly infectious disease
Authors: Robertson Christopher T , Schaefer K Aleks , Scheitrum Daniel , Puig Sergio , Joiner Keith 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Economic insights are powerful for understanding the challenge of managing a highly infectious disease, such as COVID-19, through behavioral precautions including social distancing. One problem is a form of moral hazard, which arises when some individuals face less personal risk of harm or bear greater personal costs of taking precautions. Without legal intervention, some individuals will see socially risky behaviors as personally less costly than socially beneficial behaviors, a balance that makes those beneficial behaviors unsustainable. For insights, we review health insurance moral hazard, agricultural infectious disease policy, and deterrence theory, but find that classic enforcement strategies of punishing noncompliant people are stymied. One mechanism is for policymakers to indemnify individuals for losses associated with taking those socially desirable behaviors to reduce the spread. We develop a coherent approach for doing so, based on conditional cash payments and precommitments by citizens, which may also be reinforced by social norms.
A NAC transcription factor and its interaction protein hinder abscisic acid biosynthesis by synergistically repressing NCED5 in Citrus reticulata
Authors: Zhu Feng , Luo Tao , Liu Chaoyang , Wang Yang , Zheng Li , Xiao Xue , Zhang Mingfei , Yang Hongbin , Yang Wei , Xu Rangwei , Zeng Yunliu , Ye Junli , Xu Juan , Xu Jianguo , Larkin Robert M , Wang Pengwei , Wen Weiwei , Deng Xiuxin , Fernie Alisdair R , Cheng Yunjiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough abscisic acid (ABA) is a vital regulator of fruit ripening and several transcription factors have been reported to regulate ABA biosynthesis, reports of the effect of ABA on citrus ripening and the regulation of its biosynthesis by a multiple-transcription-factor complex are scarce. In the present study, a systematic metabolic, cytological, and transcriptome analysis of an ABA-deficient mutant (MT) of Citrus reticulata cv. Suavissima confirmed the positive effect of ABA on the citrus ripening process. The analysis of transcriptome profiles indicated that CrNAC036 played an important role in the ABA deficiency of the mutant, most likely due to an effect on the expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 5 (CrNCED5). Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and dual luciferase assays demonstrated that CrNAC036 can directly bind and negatively regulate CrNCED5 expression. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and dual luciferase assays demonstrated that CrNAC036 interacted with CrMYB68, also down-regulating the expression of CrNCED5. Taken together, our results suggest that CrNAC036 and CrMYB68 synergistically inhibit ABA biosynthesis in citrus fruit by regulating the expression of CrNCED5.
BIOMASS YIELD 1 regulates sorghum biomass and grain yield via the shikimate pathway
Authors: Chen Jun , Zhu Mengjiao , Liu Ruixiang , Zhang Meijing , Lv Ya , Liu Yishan , Xiao Xin , Yuan Jianhua , Cai Hongwei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Biomass and grain yield are key agronomic traits in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor); however, the molecular mechanisms that regulate these traits are not well understood. Here, we characterized the biomass yield 1 (by1) mutant, which displays a dramatically altered phenotype that includes reduced plant height, narrow stems, erect and narrow leaves, and abnormal floral organs. Histological analysis suggested that these phenotypic defects are mainly caused by inhibited cell elongation and abnormal floral organ development. Map-based cloning revealed that BY1 encodes a 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (DAHPS) that catalyses the first step of the shikimate pathway. BY1 was localized in chloroplasts and was ubiquitously distributed in the organs examined, particularly in the roots, stems, leaves, and panicles, which was consistent with its role in biomass production and grain yield. Transcriptome analysis and metabolic profiling revealed that BY1 was involved in primary metabolism and that it affected the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites, especially flavonoids. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that BY1 affects biomass and grain yield in sorghum by regulating primary and secondary metabolism via the shikimate pathway. Moreover, our results provide important insights into the relationship between plant development and metabolism.
Mad Love: Surrealism and Soteriological Desire
Authors: Ng Zhao F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article proposes that a paradox of love is situated at the heart of the Surrealist project: love is characterised as both a problem and its solution, tied to a series of antinomies (absence/presence, subject/object, chance/necessity, singularity/variance, history/eternity) and the teleological horizon of their reconciliation. The sufferings attributed to love prompt a desire to overcome them that is characterised as an orientation toward salvation. With a specific focus on André Breton’s L’Amour fou (1937), love’s madness is read in relation to a posit of faith. Breton’s appropriation of Hegel is interpreted as a precise reformulation that enables soteriological desire to find a response in (i.) a Surrealist ontology that is both immanent and monist, and (ii.) a theodicy of love.
Should defense lawyers and prosecutors be appointed as judges?
Authors: Ben-Yashar Ruth , Krausz Miriam 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article analyses cases where independence between judges’ skills and states of nature affects decision efficiency in terms of the probability of making a correct collective decision, relative to the case where such independence does not exist. This article explains when it is advantageous to include either former defense lawyers who have expertise in obtaining an acquittal of defendants or former prosecutors who have expertise in obtaining a conviction, in a panel of judges.