bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Combinatorial Shield Design for Eye and Face Protection in COVID-19
Authors: Huang Xiu-Ling , Yang Jin-Rong , Sun Yu-Xiang , Chen Yi-Wen , Wang Xiu-Mei , Du Shui-Miao , Hua Zi-Kai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The World Health Organization emphasized the importance of goggles and face shields for protection of medical personnel at the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Unsurprisingly, almost all countries suffered from a critical supply shortage of goggles and face shields, as well as many other types of personal protective equipment (PPE), for a long period, owing to the lack of key medical material supplies and the inefficiency of existing fabrication methods arising from the need to avoid crowds during the outbreak of COVID-19. In this context, we propose a novel combined shield design for eye and face protection that can be rapidly fabricated using three-dimensional printing technology. The designed prototype eye–face shield is accessible to the general public , offering more possibilities for yield improvement in PPE during emergent infectious disease events such as COVID-19.
Prevalence, Median Time and Associated Factors with the Likelihood of Initial Antidepressant Change in Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study in Qatar.
Authors: Elbakary Nervana , Ouanes Sami , Riaz Sadaf , Abdallah Oraib , Mahran Islam , Al-Khuzaei Noriya , Eltorki Yassin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) requires therapeutic interventions during the initial month after being diagnosed for better disease outcomes. International guidelines recommend a duration of 4-12 weeks for an initial antidepressant (IAD) trial at an optimized dose to get a response. If depressive symptoms persist after this duration, guidelines recommend switching, augmenting, or combining strategies as the next step. Premature discontinuation of IAD due to ineffectiveness can cause unfavorable consequences. Hence, we aimed to determine the prevalence and the patterns of strategies applied after an IAD was changed because of a suboptimal response as a primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the median survival time on IAD before any change; and the factors that were associated with IAD change.Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted in Mental Health Services in Qatar. A dataset between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019, was extracted from the electronic health records. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined and applied. The sample size was calculated to be at least 379 patients. Descriptive statistics were reported as frequencies and percentages, in addition, to mean and standard deviation. The median time of IAD to any change strategy was calculated using survival analysis. Associated factors were examined using three cox regression models.Results: A total of 487 patients met the inclusion criteria of the study, 431 (88%) of them had an occurrence of IAD change to any strategy before end of the study. Almost half of the sample (212 (49%); 95% CI [44% - 53%]) had their IAD changed within less than or equal to 30 days. The median time to IAD change was 43 days with 95% CI [33.2 – 52.7]. Cox regression analysis showed three statistically significant factors were associated with our secondary outcome: age, un-optimization of the dose, and absence of comorbid anxiety.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that clinicians resorted to IAD change within a median time of six weeks. However, this change often occurred without optimization of the IAD dose and might be too late. Future prospective studies with adequate randomization can better investigate the median survival time on IAD and other associated factors.
MsCIPK, a CBL-interacting Protein Kinase in Medicago sativa&nbsp;L., Confers Salt and Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco
Authors: Zhao Xia , liu Yushi , Ye Lin , Yang Peizhi , Hu Tianming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Alfalfa is an important perennial forage but suffers from salt and osmotic stresses worldwide. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are reported to play important roles in response to diverse plant stresses, but are largely unvalidated in alfalfa. In this study, we cloned a MsCIPK gene, which contained 1530 bp, coding 509 amino acids, with typical CIPK functional domains. The expression pattern of MsCIPK was measured using qRT-PCR under salt, drought, heat, cold and ABA stresses. Under NaCl, heat and ABA treatment, the expression pattern of MsCIPK was generally similar, with a first steady decrease and then a gradual increase pattern. The highest expression of MsCIPK was all observed at the start point of all treatments, except in cold treatment. Using transgenic tobaccos of MsCIPK, we further measured the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), soluble protein (SOP), and proline (Pro) under 21 days’ salt and 24 hours’ cold treatment. Under both salt and cold conditions, the content of MDA, SOP and Pro had a similar overall increase pattern with the time of treatment. These results indicated that the MsCIPK played an important role in improving alfalfa’s salt and osmotic tolerance.
Efficacy of Trans-abdominis Plane Block for Post Cesarean Delivery Analgesia in Low-income Countries: a Phase Three Feasibility Study.
Authors: Sanga Evans Azina , Ndebea Ansbert Sweetbert , Salim Shuweikha , Kaino Mwemezi , Njau Bernard , Temu Rogers 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Optimal pain control in a parturient woman undergoing caesarean section is essential for preventing complications such as venous thrombo-embolism and improving maternal satisfaction, early functional recovery, mother-baby bond and breastfeeding. Intentional pain assessment and adequate management to acceptable pain severity using multimodal methods can be achieved in low-middle income countries (LMICs).Aim: Is to assess the efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and satisfaction post cesarean delivery analgesia at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Low-Income countries. Methods: The study population consisted of 72 participants who met criteria posted for elective and emergency caesarean section. They were blindly assigned into two groups: group A was the interventional group which received TAP block and standard pain management according to local protocols and consisted of 41 participants and group B was the control group which received standard pain management without TAP block and consisted of 31 participants. In Group A 30ml of 0.25% bupivacaine single shot was deposited in the TAP plane bilaterally for postoperative analgesia. Participants were randomized using a parallel method. Their demographics were recorded before surgery and visual analogue scale was used to assess postoperative pain at rest and on movement, and maternal satisfaction at 0hrs, 6hrs, 12hrs and 24hrs.Results: Total of 72 patients were analyzed using NRS with pain score at 0hr, 6hr and 12hr was significantly low by about 50% in Intervened group as compared to control group with (p-value (2 tail) of < 0.001 however at 24 hrs. was 0.272. Participant in group A had extra movements at 0hr, 6hrs and 12hrs with p-value <0.001 as compare to control cut had no significant difference when coughing. Martenal satisfaction with pain management was 95.1% with no reported adverse event.Conclusions: Trans Abdominis Plane block when used as part of multimodal pain management is more effective in managing post cesarean pain resulting in less physical limitation and high martenal satisfaction.Trail registration: Register in Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR) with no PACTR202011815473426 on 12 November 2020.
Manufacturing of Bricks From Coal Mine Overburden Dump of Korba, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Singh Shailendra Kumar , Singh Ranjeet K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Mixing coal mine overburden with sodium silicate and cement, for manufacturing bricks was studied with the objective of converting the coal mine overburden waste into value-added products. Bricks were prepared using different compositions of coal mine overburden with proportions of sodium silicate and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), in cuboid mould (9″ X 5″X 3″). Bricks were air dried for 24 hours, placed in oven for 115 ± 10 °C for 24 hours. Characterization of tailings and manufactured bricks were done. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength (CS), water absorption (WA), loss on ignition (LoI) and efflorescence were measured. The maximum CS of 9.5 N/mm2 was recorded for brick having overburden to cement ratio of 8:2. However, for making it more economical the ratio of 9:1 was considered and this compares very well cost with full filed the Indian standard (IS): 3495 (Part 1) (1992) of bricks. The results also indicated that the overburden percentage in the bricks affect their mechanical properties. The WA rates of the manufactured bricks are low compared to standard conventional clay bricks, and the same varies with process parameters. The low capillary pore may deter the formation of efflorescence. The process, with standardized parameters, may be commercially adapted, and large quantities of coal mine overburden may be put to use in making bricks. Thus, the process technology observed in this paper can potentially convert the huge amount of environmentally hazardous waste into value added product. Coal mine overburden may materialize as a sustainable supplement to conventional clay, use of which in brick making is totally restricted. The finding also usher a new area of research.
Sideroflexin 1 Detection as a Predictive and Prognostic Biomarker in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Correlation With Clinical and Pathological Parameters
Authors: Xu Zhongneng , Zhou Hao , Luo Yonggang , Chen Sheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remained the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Increasing evidence showed that sideroflexin 1 (SFXN1) may function as an essential and novel regulator in various diseases. However, its mechanism and pathological role in NSCLC remained unclear.MethodsIn this study, we recruited 237 NSCLC patients. The demographic and pathological information of NSCLC patients were recorded and analyzed. The expressions of SFXN1 in tissues and cell lines were confirmed by qRT-PCR assay. Furthermore, the diagnostic and prognostic potentials of SFXN1 in NSCLC were detected by ROC and Kaplan-Meier analysis, respectively. CCK-8, wound healing and Transwell assays determined the cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion of A549 cell after transfection. Finally, PCNA, Bcl-2, Bax, MMP2, and MMP9 levels after knocking down SFXN1 expression in A549 cells were detected by western blot assay.ResultsWe found that SFXN1 was significantly increased in NSCLC tumor tissues and cell lines. Up-regulated SFXN1 was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. The ROC analysis confirmed the high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SFXN1 in discriminating tumor tissues from non-tumor adjacent tissues. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that increased expression of SFXN1 might predict unfavorable prognosis and disease-free survival rate. Knockdown of SFXN1 led to increased cell apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in A549 cells. SFXN1 silencing generated decreased PCNA, Bcl-2, MMP2, MMP9 expressions, and increased Bax expression in A549 cells. ConclusionThe results in our study suggested that SFXN1 was up-regulated in NSCLC, functioning as a predictive indicator for NSCLC diagnosis and prognosis, shedding new sights for therapeutic target treatment.
Wrong Perceptions Towards Health Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation and Associated Factors Among Women in Adama District, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Feyissa Chala Diriba , Komicha Myerema Abdo , Habtewold Ephrem Mannekulih 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Wrong perceptions towards health consequences of female genital mutilation among women can contribute to the continuation of this harmful practice. So this study was aimed at determining the prevalence of wrong perception towards health consequences of female genital mutilation and associated factors among women at Adama District.Objectives: to determine the prevalence of wrong perceptions towards health consequences of female genital mutilation and associated factors among women in Adama District from October 15 to 20, 2019.Method: Community based cross sectional study design and stratified sampling techniques were used. Semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire translated to Amharic and Afan Oromo was used. A pretest of 10% was done on women at non-selected kebeles. Data were planned to be collected from a sample of 554 women by 4 female health extension workers. Its completeness was checked daily by supervisor and principal investigator. Data entered to Epi info version 7 were exported to SPSS version 20 for cleaning, recoding and analysis. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression was employed with 95% CI and p-value <0.25. Multi co- linearity was checked with variance inflation factor >10 and multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between wrong perception towards health consequences of female genital mutilation among women and associated factors with 95% CI, p-value <0.05. Result: the response rate, median age and inter quartile range were 91.52%, 30 years and 18 years respectively. About 31% (95% CI: 27, 35.5) of women had wrong perceptions towards health consequences of female genital mutilation. Rural residence (AOR= 1.76; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.01), not having any maternal care service (AOR= 2.61, 95% CI: 1.45, 4.69), no mass media exposure (AOR=2.79, 95%CI: 1.23, 6.32) and age at circumcision >11 years (AOR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.80) were statistically significant variables associated with wrong perception towards health consequences of female genital mutilations.Conclusion and recommendation: 31% of women had wrong perceptions towards health consequences of female genital mutilation. Rural residence, no mass media exposure, having no maternal care service and age at circumcision >11 years were significant variables. Increased maternal care service and health education were recommended to improve women’s wrong perceptions towards health consequences of female genital mutilation.
Sero-prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Associated Factors Among Female Sex Workers in Hawassa, Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Daka Deresse , Hailemeskel Getahun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus infection is one of the most serious infections and is a major public health problem. Female Sex Workers (FSWs) are considered to be at soaring risk for transmission and acquisition of HBV due to exposure to multiple sexual partners and barriers to the negotiation of consistent condom use. HBV screening services are not widely available in Ethiopia particularly for high risk groups such as persons with multiple sex workers. Hence, this study aimed to assess Sero-prevalence of HBVsAg and associated factors among FSWs in southern Ethiopia.Method A cross-sectional study was conducted from November to February 2019 at Hawassa city in ISHDO confidential clinic on 383 FSWs. A consecutive sampling technique was used to select study participants using standardized questionnaire. Data were entered to SPSS version 20.0 and analyzed for different variables using Logistic regression. HBsAg was detected from plasma samples using ELISA method. ResultsThe prevalence of HBV among FSWs was 9.2%(95%CI:6.3–12.1). The condom use, condom breakage during sex, use of stimulants, duration of prostitute, history of STI, history of genital ulcer, the number of clients used per day, sex during menses, sexual assault, common use of sharp material and the history of abortion were one of the common factors associated with HBV among FSWs. Conclusion The prevalence of HBV among FSWs in this study area was high. Condom use, history of genital ulcer, sexes during menses and sharp material sharing is highly associated with HBV infection among FSWs and emphasis should be given.
The Mediating Role of Depression Between Early Maladaptive Schema and Pain: A Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Vakili Najme , rezaei Fatemeh , Hosseini Nasrin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Individuals with chronic pain frequently display comorbid depression. Depression and chronic pain may be related to childhood maltreatment and early distress. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) designed to assess early distress. EMSs are at the core of personality pathology and psychological distress.Objective: The main objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that depression mediates the relationship between EMSs and pain.Methods: One hundred chronic pain patients completed Young’s Schema Questionnaire, McGill Pain Questionnaire and depression subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results: We estimated two structural models; second model fitted the clinical sample well (chi2= 19.2; p= .31). In this model a latent variable (general maladaptive schema) was explored is directly associated with depression (β=0.39; p<0.01); Also depression is associated with the pain (β= -.57; p<0.01); General maladaptive schema had an indirect effect on pain that was mediated by depression (β= -.35; p<0.01). Conclusions: The results of the study suggested that early emotional maltreatment plays an important role in depression and pain in chronic pain patients. The model can help to adequate and establish targets for the psychological treatments included in multidisciplinary programs for this disorder.
Predicting Response to Total Neoadjuvant Treatment (TNT) in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Based on Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ouyang Ganlu , Yang Xibiao , Deng Xiangbing , Meng Wenjian , Yu Yongyang , Wu Bing , Jiang Dan , Shu Pei , Wang Ziqiang , Yao Jin , Wang Xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the potential value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting response relevance to total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) in locally advanced rectal cancer.Methods: We analyzed MRI of 71 patients underwent TNT from 2015 to 2017 retrospectively. We categorized the response of TNT as CR (complete response) and non-CR, and high, moderate and low sensitivity. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the best predictors of response. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver - operating characteristic curve analysis.Results: Post–ICT (induction chemotherapy) ∆TL (tumor length), post-CRT (concurrent chemoradiotherapy) ∆LNN (the numbers of lymph node metastases), post–CCT (consolidation chemotherapy) ∆SDWI (maximum cross-sectional area of tumor on diffusion-weighted imaging), post-CCT ADCT (the mean apparent diffusion coefficient values of tumor) and post-CCT ∆LNV (volume of lymph node) were the best CR predictors. Post-CRT EMVI (extramural vascular invasion) and post-CCT ∆ST2 (S on T2-weight) were the best significant factors for high sensitivity. Conclusions: Post-ICT ∆TL and post-CRT EMVI may an early predictor of CR and high sensitivity to TNT, respectively. The grouping scheme of CR and non–CR was more suitable for predicting response by MRI parameters than high, moderate and low sensitivity.Trial registration: retrospectively registered
The Impact of an All-female Healthcare Environment on Mentorship and Empowerment of Female Healthcare Professionals in LMICs
Authors: Munabi Naikhoba , Auslander Allyn , Xepoleas Meredith D. , Bunker Libby D. , Vangsness Kella L. , Koualla Sara , Magee Kathy S. , Magee William P. , Yao Caroline A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have the greatest need for additional healthcare providers, and women outside the workforce could help address the need. Women in healthcare need more mentorship and leadership training to advance their careers. This study evaluates how women working together on a medical team impacts mentorship, leadership and empowerment. Methods: An all-female volunteer team participating in a cleft surgery mission in Oujda, Morocco were surveyed before and after the mission. Responses were analyzed according to country of origin, national gender equality ranking, volunteer role, and prior mentorship experiences. Statistical analysis with student’s t-test or chi-squared were performed with significance defined as p<0.05. Results: 95 female volunteers from 23 countries participated and 85% completed surveys. Volunteers from HICs (32%) and LMICs (68%) had similar mission roles (p=0.58) and duration of volunteerism (p=0.69). Experience as a mission volunteer (p=0.47), team leader (p=0.28), and educator (p=0.18) were equivalent between cohorts. 73% of women had previously received mentorship but 98% wanted more. 75% had previously mentored others, but 97% wanted to be mentors. Over 90% of past mentor-mentee relationships were between women. 73% of volunteers who had no prior mentorship found their first mentor during the mission. All participants found a long-term peer relationship and felt motivated to mentor women at home. All volunteers felt empowered and enjoyed the mission. Over 95% were inspired to pursue leadership positions, advance professionally, and work with other women at home.Conclusion: Female healthcare professionals in HICs and LMICs desire more mentorship than is available. An all-female healthcare environment can provide opportunities for mentorship and create lasting motivation to teach, lead, and advance professionally. Increasing the visibility of female professionals may effectively empower women in healthcare.
An Exploratory Study of Prevalence of Food Addiction in Indian Youth
Authors: Ghosh Tamoghna , Sarkar Siddharth , Tilak Aman , Kochhar Kanwal Preet 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: As the understanding of food addiction increases, there is a need to explore the occurrence of this condition in different population groups. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of food addiction in a sample of respondents from India using a Hindi version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS).Methods: The Hindi language version of the scale was developed using the back-translation methodology. Subsequently, an online questionnaire-based study was conducted using convenience sampling which presented the Hindi version of YFAS. Results: From 376 respondents (median age 19 years, 42.8% males), the prevalence of food addiction was 13.3%. Persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempts to quit was the most common symptom domain endorsed. The weight (median 67 kg versus 60 kg) and BMI (median 25.89 kg/ m2versus 23.04 kg/ m2) were higher in the food addiction group as compared to the non-food addiction group.Conclusions: Despite the limitations of selection bias, the study suggests that food addiction may be present in a proportion of young aged Indians. The association of food addiction with higher weight and BMI suggests propensity to develop metabolic syndrome, and the need to evaluate interventions that could modify phenomenological expression of food addiction.