bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthesis, fluorescence and mesophyll conductance responses to increasing salinity levels inJatropha curcasat early vegetative stages
Authors: Dorta‐Santos María Ascensión , Barriola Ignacio , Wassner Diego Fernán , Ploschuk Edmundo Leonardo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSalinity is often a great limitation in marginal environments with potential for developing alternative non‐edible crops for biodiesel, and the physiological responses involved in the recovery of plants subjected to high salinity are poorly studied. The aim of this study onJatropha curcasis to identify salinity tolerance responses of net photosynthesis rate under saturating irradiances (Amax), its recovery capacity and the role of mesophyll conductance (gm) overAmax. Two experiments were performed with seedlings in pots under outdoor conditions and hydroponic conditions, respectively, with salinity intensities ranging from 3 to 12 dS/m, their isosmotic treatments with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and controls without abiotic stress.Amaxand growth rate were mainly affected by salinity effects in all the ranges, with a drastic 60% drop in dry biomass under 6 dS/m, revealing a significant sensitivity of this species. However, a surprising increase inAmaxwas promoted by the presence of NaCl, with respect to their respective isosmotic treatments with PEG, although it was still lower than the unstressed plants. This advantage disappeared from 9 dS/m, but negative effects of NaCl toxicities were never detected. The photochemical apparatus resulted extremely resistant in this species, since Fv/Fm and leaf greenness were affected only at 12 dS/m. So,gmwas strongly and linearly associated withAmax.This association derives from the overall range of stress intensities tested, thus appearing as the main useful trait for enhancing photosynthesis depletion under salinity stress, without losses of the water use efficiency. A drastic 75% drop was also detected in the electron use for photosynthesis, revealing thatAmaxwould also be modulated by metabolic impairments under salinity. Moreover, full recovery after only 8 days was observed, confirming the high resistance of the species to NaCl stress even under very high salinities. This study contributes to a better understanding of the physiological processes involved in the response ofJ. curcasto salinity during early vegetative stage, generating possibilities for improving tolerance of this species under environments exposed to salinity.
PLZST antiferroelectric ceramics with promising energy storage and discharge performance for high power applications
Authors: Xu Ran , Zhu Qingshan , Xu Zhuo , Feng Yujun , Wei Xiaoyong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCapacitors are widely used as energy storage elements in electric vehicles (EVs) and pulsed power. At present, it is still challenging to develop capacitor dielectrics with good energy storage and discharge performance. In this work, antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramics (Pb0.94La0.04)[(Zr0.6Sn0.4)0.92Ti0.08]O3 with enhanced antiferroelectricity were fabricated by a rolling process. The obtained ceramics have a high recoverable energy density of 5.2 J/cm3 and an extremely high efficiency of 91.2% at 327 kV/cm. The ceramics have good energy storage and discharge performance in the temperature range from −40°C to 100°C due to the existence of AFE phase. An energy density of 3.7 J/cm3 can be released at 200 kV/cm in less than 500 ns and the discharge current keeps stable after 1000 charge‐discharge cycles. By direct short experiment, a current density of 1657 A/cm2, which is the highest result in recently developed AFE ceramics, and a power density of 228 MW/cm3 were achieved. The possibility of using AFEs at low temperature was confirmed. The excellent energy storage and discharge performance prove the great potential of the obtained ceramics in high energy and power density applications.
A systematic review of the impact of person‐centred care interventions on the behaviour of staff working in dementia care
Authors: Blake Daniel , Berry Katherine , Brown Laura J. E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo examine the content, focus, and effectiveness of person‐centred care (PCC) interventions aimed at increasing staff PCC behaviour in health and social care settings for people with dementia.DesignSystematic search and narrative synthesis of quantitative data.Data sourcesPsychINFO, Medline, EMBASE, Web of knowledge, CINAHL, ASSIA, and BNI were searched from inception to 5 November 2016.Review methodsAll records retrieved were screened using predetermined eligibility criteria. Quality assessment was performed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool (EPHPP).ResultsA total of 4,367 records were screened and 33 studies examining the impact of PCC interventions were included. Eight different categories of PCC intervention were identified, with seven of these having at least some evidence to support their effectiveness in increasing staff PCC behaviour.ConclusionThe range of interventions and outcome measures identified in this review highlight different ways PCC behaviour can be demonstrated by staff and the range of interventions that can be used to enhance PCC staff behaviour. In future, more rigorously controlled research comparing the relative effectiveness of these interventions will support nursing facilities and staff to choose appropriate interventions to support them in enhancing PCC.ImpactThis study addressed the health priority of increasing PCC for people with dementia. It found preliminary evidence that seven of the eight intervention types identified are effective at increasing staff PCC behaviour in health and social care settings for people with dementia.
A genomewide association study in divergently selected lines in rabbits reveals novel genomic regions associated with litter size traits
Authors: Sosa‐Madrid Bolívar Samuel , Santacreu María Antonia , Blasco Agustín , Fontanesi Luca , Pena Romi Natacha , Ibáñez‐Escriche Noelia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUterine capacity (UC), defined as the total number of kits from unilaterally ovariectomized does at birth, has a high genetic correlation with litter size. The aim of our research was to identify genomic regions associated with litter size traits through a genomewide association study using rabbits from a divergent selection experiment for UC. A high‐density SNP array (200K) was used to genotype 181 does from a control population, high and low UC lines. Traits included total number born (TNB), number born alive (NBA), number born dead, ovulation rate (OR), implanted embryos (IE) and embryo, foetal and prenatal survivals at second parity. We implemented the Bayes B method and the associations were tested by Bayes factors and the percentage of genomic variance (GV) explained by windows. Different genomic regions associated with TNB, NBA, IE and OR were found. These regions explained 7.36%, 1.27%, 15.87% and 3.95% of GV, respectively. Two consecutive windows on chromosome 17 were associated with TNB, NBA and IE. This genomic region accounted for 6.32% of GV of TNB. In this region, we found the BMP4, PTDGR, PTGER2, STYX and CDKN3 candidate genes which presented functional annotations linked to some reproductive processes. Our findings suggest that a genomic region on chromosome 17 has an important effect on litter size traits. However, further analyses are needed to validate this region in other maternal rabbit lines.
A family‐centered prevention ameliorates the associations of low self‐control during childhood with employment income and poverty status in young African American adults
Authors: Brody Gene H. , Yu Tianyi , Miller Gregory E. , Chen Edith 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveChildren with low self‐control who grow up in poverty are at elevated risk for living in poverty when they are adults. The purpose of this study was to further understanding of the intergenerational continuity of poverty by (a) examining the likelihood that children with low levels of self‐control at age 11 earn less employment income and are more likely to live in poverty 14 years later, at age 25; and (b) determining, via a preventive intervention, whether enhancing supportive parenting during childhood will ameliorate these associations.MethodsParents and their 11‐year‐old children from 381 families participated in the Strong African American Families (SAAF) program or a control condition. Teachers assessed children’s self‐control at 11 years; parents reported their use of supportive parenting when children were 11 and 13 years; emerging adults provided data on cognitive and emotional self‐control at 19, 20, and 21 years; and young adults indicated their employment income at 25 years.ResultsSignificant two‐way interactions were detected between children’s self‐control and prevention condition for employment income (b = −183.18, 95% CI [−363.82, −2.53], p < .05) and poverty status (b = 0.257, 95% CI [0.018, 0.497], p < .05). Low self‐control at age 11 forecast less employment income and a greater likelihood of living in poverty among children in the control condition, but not among low self‐control SAAF participants. Mediated moderation analyses confirmed that enhanced supportive parenting accounted for SAAF’s effects on employment income (indirect effect = 63.057, 95% BCA [19.385, 124.748]) and poverty status (indirect effect = −0.071, 95% BCA [−0.165, −0.016]).ConclusionsThis study is unique in using a randomized controlled trial to show that preventive interventions designed to enhance parenting and strengthen families can buffer the long‐term economic consequences of low self‐control.
Longitudinal Analysis of Mortality for Older Adults Receiving or Waiting for Aging Network Services
Authors: Gum Amber M. , Green Ohad , Schonfeld Lawrence , Conner Kyaien , Rigg Khary K. , Wagoner Frank , Melling Kristina A. , Parkinson Katie 
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVESFor older adults screened by an Area Agency on Aging (AAA) in the National Aging Network, we aimed to examine the 12‐month mortality rate for wait‐listed callers compared with those who received services within 12 months, and to assess whether the mortality rate differed according to how quickly they received services.DESIGNThe design was a longitudinal analysis of 3 years of AAA administrative data, using survival analysis.SETTINGThe data source was administrative data from an AAA spanning a five‐county region in west central Florida.PARTICIPANTSAll older adults (age 60 y and older) screened for service eligibility from July 15, 2013, to August 15, 2015, who completed initial screening during the study period were included (N = 6288).MEASUREMENTSThe outcome was mortality within 12 months of the initial screening. Covariates included demographics, caregiver status, health status, access to healthcare, and AAA service status.RESULTSIn the first survival analysis, the strongest predictor was waiting for services compared with receiving services; waiting increased the odds to die vs not to die by 141%, after controlling for health status and other covariates. In the second survival analysis, those who received services within 0 to 3 months had a higher mortality risk compared with those who received services within 6 to 9 months or 9 to 12 months.CONCLUSIONOlder adults placed on aging service waiting lists may be at a greater risk of mortality within 12 months than those receiving services. Given that rapid receipt of services was less protective than receiving services later, those prioritized to receive services quickly may be at very high risk of adverse outcomes. Findings raise the possibility that aging services may lower mortality, although additional services may benefit those waiting long periods for services, as well as those eligible for services rapidly. Research is needed to replicate and extend these findings. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:519–525, 2020
Computed tomographic excretory urography for diagnosing ectopic ureter in a female rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Kim Jong‐Min 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEctopic ureter is a congenital abnormality where the ureter terminates at a site other than the urinary bladder. A five‐year‐old female rhesus monkey presented with a urine odor, a wet perineum, and persistent dribbling of urine. An ultrasound examination revealed a cyst‐like structure (1 × 0.75 cm) on the left side of the bladder. Computed tomographic excretory urography (CTEU) imaging revealed a left unilateral extramural ectopic ureter, which was connected to the vagina. The perineum and wet hair were dried and disinfected with 0.4% chlorhexidine for perineal hygiene and skin care. The animal was closely monitored for potential moist dermatitis near the perineum and for urinary tract infection. The complete blood count (CBC) and blood chemistry results showed no signs of inflammation during the observation period. This is the first report of detailed diagnosis of ectopic ureter by ultrasound and CTEU in a female rhesus monkey.
Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries: is it really a transposition? An anatomical study of the right ventricular septal surface
Authors: Arribard Nicolas , Mostefa Kara Meriem , Hascoët Sébastien , Bessières Bettina , Bonnet Damien , Houyel Lucile 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCongenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) is a rare congenital malformation which associates discordant atrioventricular and ventriculo‐arterial connections. Although frequently associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD), its anatomy remains controversial. This could be due in hearts with usual atrial arrangement to the apparently different anatomy of the left‐sided right ventricle compared with a right‐sided right ventricle. We wanted to compare the RV septal anatomy between ccTGA, transposition of the great arteries and normal heart and to determine the anatomy of the VSD in ccTGA. We analysed 102 human heart specimens: 31 ccTGA, 36 transpositions of the great arteries, 35 normal hearts. According to the last classification of VSD (ICD‐11), VSD were classified as outlet if located above the superoseptal commissure of the tricuspid valve and inlet if underneath. We measured the lengths of the superior and inferior limbs of the septal band and the angle between the two limbs. To assess the orientation of the septal band, we also measured the angle between superior limb and the arterial valve above. A VSD was present in 26 ccTGA (84%) and was an outlet VSD in 16 cases (61%). The mean angle between the two limbs of the septal band was 76.4° for ccTGA compared with 90.6° for transposition of the great arteries (P = 0.011) and 76.1° for normal hearts (P= NS). The mean angle between the superior limb of the septal band and the arterial valve above was 70.6° for ccTGA compared with 90.6° for transposition of the great arteries (P = 0.0004) and 69.1° for normal hearts (P= NS). The inferior limb of the septal band was significantly shorter in ccTGA (P < 0.0003): SL/IL length ratio was 21.4 for ccTGA, 2.2 for transposition of the great arteries and 1.5 for normal hearts. The typical VSD in ccTGA is an outlet VSD. Its frequent misdiagnosis as an inlet VSD might be explained by the shortness of the inferior limb, which creates the illusion of a posterior VSD, and by the fact that the VSD is usually assessed from the left ventricular aspect. Surprisingly, the orientation of the septal band is similar in ccTGA and normal heart, despite the discordant atrioventricular connections, and different in ccTGA and transposition of the great arteries, despite the discordant ventriculo‐arterial connections. These findings suggest that the mechanism leading to transposition in ccTGA and in TGA probably is different. The term ‘double discordance’ might therefore be more appropriate as a description of this complex anomaly.
Expanding our sociolinguistic horizons? Geographical thinking and the articulatory potential of commodity chain analysis
Authors: Thurlow Crispin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConceptual linearity and analytic parochialism (aka focus) can make it more difficult for sociolinguists or discourse analysts to apprehend the far‐reaching, exploitative ways inequality is nowadays produced. A suitably material‐cum‐materialist class critique certainly entails empirical and phenomenological worlds flagged by, for example, multi‐sited ethnographies but otherwise side‐lined as merely “extra‐situational” in much talk/text‐directed scholarship. I propose we think more geographically by properly engaging spatiality à la Harvey (1990) and especially the radical politics of simultaneity (Massey, 2005)—the literal, “right‐now” connectedness of places and people. To this end, and allied with deepening interest in political economy, I combine the principles of articulation theory with the procedures of commodity chain analysis for picking apart an epitomic, contemporary manifestation of extreme privilege: the business‐class meal. The proposed discourse‐centred commodity chain analysis offers an ecumenical but systematic framework for tracking how commodity fetishism is actually and discursively accomplished (or not) across dispersed voices, stories, and social meanings.
Analytic hierarchy process as an alternative for the selection of vocabularies for sensory characterization and consumer preference
Authors: Ramírez‐Rivera Emmanuel de Jesús , Morales‐Carrera Uriel Alejandro , Limón‐Rivera Rogelio , Castillo‐Martínez Susana Isabel , Hernández‐Salinas Gregorio , Ramírez‐Sucre Manuel Octavio , Herrera‐Corredor José Andrés 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to investigate the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique as an alternative to the ISO standard 11035 for the sensory characterization and consumer preference of coffee through External Preference Mapping (PREFMAP). The methodological context consisted in the generation of the sensory vocabulary applying the techniques ISO standard 11035 using a trained panel and AHP using an expert panel. PREFMAP was then carried out to explain the preference of coffee consumers according to the vocabularies generated. The results showed that the sensory vocabulary using AHP was similar to that obtained with ISO standard 11035 and the judgments of the panel of experts were consistent. The PREFMAP'S explained in a similar way the preference of coffee consumers. The use of the AHP technique is a new, reliable, and easy‐to‐execute alternative for the selection of sensory vocabulary for characterization and explanation of consumer preference.Practical ApplicationsThe Analytic Hierarchy Process technique is a reliable alternative for the selection of sensory attributes. The attributes are evaluated by paired comparison and, by mathematical procedure, the weight (W) of each attribute and sensory dimension is obtained. Consistency indicators are also included to support and validate panel judgments. This new proposal can be easily implemented at an industrial and academic level for the development of different sensometric investigations that require characterizing and analyzing the preference of consumers of different foods.
First detection of “Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris” ‐ and “Candidatus Phytoplasma solani”‐related strains in fig trees
Authors: Alsaheli Zeinab , Contaldo Nicoletta , Mehle Nataša , Dermastia Marina , Elbeaino Toufic , Bertaccini Assunta 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn July 2017, a survey was conducted in a fig collection plot at Locorotondo (south of Italy) to investigate the possible presence of phytoplasmas in plants showing yellowing, deformed leaves, short internodes, mottling and mosaic. Samples were collected from symptomatic plants and tested by nested PCR assays using universal and specific primers to amplify the 16S rDNA of these prokaryotes. PCR results detected the presence of phytoplasma sequences in twenty plant samples that resulted clustering two phylogenetically distinct phytoplasmas, i.e., “Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris” and “Candidatus Phytoplasma solani” affiliated to 16SrI and 16SrXII ribosomal groups, respectively. The presence of phytoplasmas belonging to both ribosomal groups was confirmed with group specific quantitative PCR and RFLP assays on 16S ribosomal amplicons. Results of this study indicate for the first time the occurrence of phytoplasmas in fig; however, more work should be carried out to verify their association with the symptoms observed on diseased fig plants.
An Efficient Method for the Plating of Haploid and Diploid Emiliania huxleyi on Solid Medium1
Authors: Skeffington Alastair W. , Grimm Annett , Schönefeld Steffi , Petersen Kerstin , Scheffel André 
Published: October 2019

Emiliania huxleyi is a globally important coccolithophore and one of the most successful eukaryotic organisms in the modern oceans. Despite a large body of work on this organism, including the sequencing of its genome, the tools required for forward and reverse functional genetic studies are still undeveloped. Here we present an optimized method for the clonal isolation of E. huxleyi by plating on solid medium. We demonstrate the utility of this method for a variety of strains including haploid, calcifying‐diploid, and noncalcifying diploid strains. We show that, in contrast to previous studies, no changes in cell ploidy status occur when the cells are plated. Our method will greatly aid attempts to elucidate the genetic basis of the remarkable physiology of E. huxleyi by forward and reverse genetic approaches.
Discovery of a novel and selective fungicide that targets fungal cell wall to treat dermatomycoses: 1,3‐bis(3,4‐dichlorophenoxy)propan‐2‐aminium chloride
Authors: Flores Dalla Lana Daiane , Neiva Lavorato Stefânia , Minussi Giuliani Laura , Cruz Letícia , Lopes William , Henning Vainstein Marilene , Camargo Fontana Igor , Rigon Zimmer Aline , de Araújo Freitas Murillo , de Andrade Saulo Fernandes , José Alves Ricardo , Meneghello Fuentefria Alexandre 
Published: October 2019

SummaryBackgroundFungal infections are highly prevalent and are responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. In this context, the search for new treatment alternatives is very relevant.ObjectivesAnalyse chemical compounds for antifungal potential against dermatomycosis fungi.MethodsThe antifungal activity of 121 compounds, intermediates or derivatives of 1,3‐bis(aryloxy)propane substituted at C‐2 (111 compounds) and isothiouronium derivatives (10 compounds) was investigated through susceptibility tests, mechanism of action, toxicity and hydrogel incorporation.ResultsThe compound 1,3‐bis(3,4‐dichlorophenoxy)propan‐2‐aminium chloride (2j) was the most active fungicide against dermatophytes and Candida spp., at very low concentrations (0.39‐3.12 µg/mL), including action on resistant and multidrug‐resistant clinical strains. Compound 2j has presented a promising toxicity profile, showing selectivity index >10, relative to human lymphocytes. The compound was classified as non‐irritant by the HET‐CAM test and did not cause histopathological alterations in pig ear skin, thus presenting an excellent perspective for topical application. 2j targets the fungal cell wall, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, which also indicated the additional ability of 2j to inhibit the Candida albicans pseudohyphae formation and biofilm of Microsporum canis. Compound 2j was incorporated in a hydrogel with bioadhesive potential. The results of the human skin permeation showed that 2j remained significantly in the epidermis, ideally for the dermatomycosis treatment.ConclusionsTherefore, the compound 2j demonstrated the potential for antifungal drug development, with a action mechanism elucidated and already applied in a semisolid formulation as a new therapeutic option for fungal skin infections.