bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature dependence of germination and growth in Anthurium (Araceae)
Authors: Zotz G. , Kappert N. , Müller L.‐L.B. , Wagner K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

By the year 2100, temperatures are predicted to increase by about 6 °C at higher latitudes and about 3 °C in the tropics. In spite of the smaller increase in the tropics, consequences may be more severe because the climatic niches of tropical species are generally assumed to be rather narrow due to a high degree of climate stability and higher niche specialisation. However, rigorous data to back up this notion are rare.

We chose the megadiverse genus Anthurium (Araceae) for study. Considering that the regeneration niche of a species is crucial for overall niche breadth, we focused on the response of germination and early growth through a temperature range of 24 °C of 15 Anthurium species, and compared the thermal niche breadth (TNB) with the temperature conditions in their current range, modelled from occurrence records.

Surprisingly, an increase of 3 °C would lead to a larger overlap of TNB of germination and modelled in situ temperature conditions, while the overlap of TNB of growth with in situ conditions under current and future conditions is statistically indistinguishable.

We conclude that future temperatures tend to be closer to the thermal optima of most species. Whether this really leads to an increase in performance depends on other abiotic and biotic factors, most prominently potentially changing precipitation patterns.
Coelastrella astaxanthina sp. nov. (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae), a novel microalga isolated from an asphalt surface in midsummer in Japan
Authors: Kawasaki Shinji , Yoshida Risako , Ohkoshi Kiichi , Toyoshima Hiroki 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYWe taxonomically examined an algal strain (Ki‐4) isolated from a dry asphalt surface in mid‐summer of 2003. The vegetative cells were solitary, covered by a cell wall ornamented with meridional ribs, and contained hollow spherical chloroplasts and a pyrenoid. The cells exhibited a high tolerance to unfavorable photo‐oxidative stress conditions, and in culture developed a reddish coloration due to the accumulation of a water‐soluble astaxanthin‐binding protein, which was identified as a novel protein in organisms. 18S rDNA and ITS2 sequence analyses revealed that Ki‐4 belongs to Coelastrella sensu lato (Scenedesmaceae), but was taxonomically distinct from other members of the genus. On the basis of its phylogenetic position and morphological features, including the structures of cell wall ribs, we identify Ki‐4 as a new algal species in the genus Coelastrella, for which we propose the name Coelastrella astaxanthina sp. nov.
Intra‐Week Price Patterns in the Housing Market*
Authors: Røed Larsen Erling 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this paper, I demonstrate the existence of city‐specific intra‐week price patterns in the Norwegian housing market. I use a data set with exact sell dates to show that sell prices are higher on certain days. Using ask prices and observations on repeat sales in fixed‐effect models, I seek to control for composition effects and unobserved heterogeneity. The intra‐week price patterns are shown to be associated with patterns in the frequency of public‐showing days. I argue that the findings are consistent with optimizing agents acting on new information.
International Fitness Scale—IFIS: Validity and association with health‐related quality of life in pregnant women
Authors: Romero‐Gallardo Lidia , Soriano‐Maldonado Alberto , Ocón‐Hernández Olga , Acosta‐Manzano Pedro , Coll‐Risco Irene , Borges‐Cosic Milkana , Ortega Francisco B. , Aparicio Virginia Ariadna 
Published: October 2019

This study aimed (a) to examine the construct validity of the International Fitness Scale (IFIS) to discriminate between different objectively measured physical fitness levels in pregnant women and (b) to assess the extent to which IFIS is able to discriminate between pregnant women with different levels of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). A total of 159 pregnant women were involved in the GESTAtion and FITness project: 106 pregnant women (mean age 32.7, SD 4.4 years) were included. Self‐reported physical fitness—that is, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, flexibility, and overall fitness—was assessed with the IFIS. Physical fitness was objectively measured using the Bruce test, the handgrip strength test and the back‐scratch test. The HRQoL was assessed with the 36‐item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36). Higher self‐reported physical fitness measured with IFIS was associated with higher objectively measured physical fitness (P < .05). There was a linear association so that higher self‐reported physical fitness (ie, IFIS; regardless of the fitness component) was related to greater General Health dimension scores (P < .05). Moreover, higher self‐reported physical fitness (all components except muscular strength) was associated with better Physical Functioning, lower Bodily Pain and higher Vitality scores (ie, SF‐36 components). This linear trend was not seen for objectively measured physical fitness. The results of this study suggest that IFIS might be a useful tool for identifying pregnant women with low or very low physical fitness and with low quality of life health‐related. Further research should elucidate whether IFIS can identify women with pregnancy complications before it can be implemented in clinical practice.
Human herpesvirus‐6B infection in pediatric allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: Risk factors and encephalitis
Authors: Miura Hiroki , Kawamura Yoshiki , Hattori Fumihiko , Tanaka Makito , Kudo Kazuko , Ihira Masaru , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Kojima Seiji , Sakaguchi Hirotoshi , Yoshida Nao , Hama Asahito , Yoshikawa Tetsushi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHuman herpesvirus‐6B (HHV‐6B) infection after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is known to be associated with post‐transplant limbic encephalitis in adults. Meanwhile, the association between HHV‐6B infection and central nervous system complications remains unclear in pediatric allo‐HSCT patients.MethodsIn this study, HHV‐6B infection was monitored for more than 50 days after HSCT using virus isolation and real‐time PCR. Clinical information such as patient background and encephalitis status was collected retrospectively from medical records. Risk factors for HHV‐6B infection were determined by the Cox proportional hazards model, and the clinical features of HHV‐6B encephalitis in pediatric allo‐HSCT patients were elucidated.ResultsHuman herpesvirus‐6B infection was observed in 74 (33.8%) of 219 patients at 3‐47 days (median 18, interquartile range 13‐20). Risk factors identified in multivariable analysis were hematological malignancy (hazards ratio [HR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3/12.5; P < .0001), solid tumor (HR, 4.8; CI, 1.5/16.3; P = .0104), unrelated donor (HR, 2.1; CI, 1.0/4.6; P = .0378), and sex‐mismatched donor (HR 1.8; CI, 1.1/3.0; P = .0257). HHV‐6B encephalitis occurred in only one of the 219 patients (0.46%); this patient demonstrated the typical clinical course of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.ConclusionHematological malignancy, solid tumor, unrelated donor, and sex‐mismatched donor were significant risk factors for HHV‐6B infection after pediatric allo‐HSCT. In pediatric allo‐HSCT patients, the incidence of HHV‐6B encephalitis was low and the clinical features differed from those in adult patients.
Dilated Convolution Neural Network for Remaining Useful Life Prediction
Authors: Xu Xin , Wu Qianhui , Li Xiu , Huang Biqing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Accurate prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) plays an important role in reducing the probability of accidents and lessening the economic loss. However, traditional model-based methods for RUL are not suitable when operating conditions and fault models are complicated. To deal with this problem, this paper proposes a novel data-driven method based on a deep dilated convolution neural networks (D-CNN). The novelties of the proposed method are triple folds. First, no feature engineering is required, and the raw sensor data are directly used as the input of the model. Second the dilated convolutional structure is used to enlarge the receptive field and further improve the accuracy of prediction. Finally, time sequences are encoded by a 2D-convolution to extract higher-level features. Extensive experiments on the C-MAPSS dataset demonstrate that the proposed D-CNN achieves high performance while requiring less training time.
A Comparative Study of Formulations and Algorithms for Reliability-Based Co-Design Problems
Authors: Cui Tonghui , Allison James T. , Wang Pingfeng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
While integrated physical and control system co-design has been demonstrated successfully on several engineering system design applications, it has been primarily applied in a deterministic manner without considering uncertainties. An opportunity exists to study non-deterministic co-design strategies, taking into account various uncertainties in an integrated co-design framework. Reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is one such method that can be used to ensure an optimized system design being obtained that satisfies all reliability constraints considering particular system uncertainties. While significant advancements have been made in co-design and RBDO separately, little is known about methods where reliability-based dynamic system design and control design optimization are considered jointly. In this article, a comparative study of the formulations and algorithms for reliability-based co-design is conducted, where the co-design problem is integrated with the RBDO framework to yield solutions consisting of an optimal system design and the corresponding control trajectory that satisfy all reliability constraints in the presence of parameter uncertainties. The presented study aims to lay the groundwork for the reliability-based co-design problem by providing a comparison of potential design formulations and problem–solving strategies. Specific problem formulations and probability analysis algorithms are compared using two numerical examples. In addition, the practical efficacy of the reliability-based co-design methodology is demonstrated via a horizontal-axis wind turbine structure and control design problem.
An Investigation on the Effects of Ambiguity, Gender Orientation, and Domain Relatedness of Design Projects on Student Performance
Authors: Günay Elif Elcin , Guo Xiuyan , Jackson Kathy Lou , Wu Xinli , Okudan Kremer Gül E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Students in design courses work on projects that are influenced by ambiguity, gender orientation, and domain relatedness. This study investigates the impacts of these factors on student self-efficacy in order to increase retention in engineering disciplines. From a comprehensive literature review and feedback from engineering experts, an instrument is developed to assess student perceptions on tolerance to ambiguity (STA), project gender orientation (PGO), and project domain relatedness (PDR). Statistical analyses are conducted to examine the influence of STA, PGO, and PDR on student self-efficacy and collective efficacy. Results indicate that an increase in the gender orientation of the project decreases student self-efficacy. Furthermore, gender bias of the design project diminishes student tolerance to deal with ambiguous situations. Therefore, instructors should consider choosing more gender-neutral projects or make appropriate adjustments in project descriptions to minimize gender bias.
Computer-Aided Design-Based Topology Optimization System With Dynamic Feature Shape and Modeling History Evolution
Authors: Liu Jikai , To Albert C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Conventional topology optimization presentations generally highlight the numerical and optimization details established on the specially customized discrete geometric modeling system, which is incompatible with the existing computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided engineering (CAE) systems. Therefore, tedious preprocessing and postprocessing are required to improve the editability and manufacturability, which are both time consuming and labor intensive. Hence, to address this challenging issue, a novel CAD-based topology optimization system is developed in this work. The following points are highlighted: (i) interoperability issue between CAD and topology optimization was addressed by using macro files to communicate the feature and modeling history information; then, (ii) structural shape and topology optimization is performed based on a B-spline-based approach, which inherits the original spline information from the upstream CAD model and of course, can return spline-based geometric information for optimized CAD model generation, and the last but the most important point to mention is that, (iii) modeling history was incorporated into the optimization process and dynamic modeling history change is enabled based on the optimality criteria. This final point is significant because history-based CAD modeling is still a main-stream approach, especially given the excellent postmodeling editability and design intent capture.
A strident girl
Authors: Corrias Francesca , Gesuete Valentina , Murru Flora Maria , Maschio Massimo , Barbi Egidio 
Published: October 2019

A 12-year-old girl was referred with a 7-month history of episodes of dyspnoea, stridor and a sense of chest constriction during physical exercise. These were self-limiting and never occurred at night. Physical examination was normal. An initial diagnosis of vocal cord dysfunction was made.Spirometry showed a plateau of forced expiratory flow, with a truncated aspect of the expiratory phase (figure 1). Six weeks later she described occasional dysphagia with solid foods. The barium swallow, performed only in anteroposterior projection, did not show oesophageal dilation. A bronchoscopy showed extrinsic compression of the middle lower third of the trachea and the right main bronchus. A chest CT scan was performed (figures 2 and 3).Figure 1The spirometry showed a truncated expiratory phase with a substantially decreased PEF, compared with FEV1: indicating central intrathoracic airway obstruction. FEF, forced expiratory flow; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FIF, forced inspiratory flow; FIV1, forced inspiratory volume in 1 s; FIVC, forced inspiratory vital capacity; FVC, forced vital capacity; PEF, peak expiratory flow; PIF, peak inspiratory flow.Figure 2Contrast enhanced CT axial section image showing right aortic arch (white arrow on the left) with aberrant subclavian artery (red arrow on the right) encircling the trachea and the oesophagus.Figure 3CT three-dimensional reconstruction arteriography posterior view showing right aortic arch (white arrow), diverticulum of Kommerell (white star) from which the left subclavian artery (red arrow) arose. D Ao, descending aorta.QuestionsWhat is your diagnosis?Persistent vocal cord dysfunctionAchalasiaVascular ringAsthmaWhat is the gold standard for diagnosis of VR?ECGChest radiographCT and/or MRIBronchoscopyHow should this patient be treated?Surgical correctionVideo-assisted thoracoscopyDecompression of the oesophagus with a nasogastric tubeInspiratory muscle training and ipratropium bromide inhalerWhat signs in the history pointed away from vocal cord dysfunction?Dysphagia with solid food was present.The episodes of dyspnoea and stridor never occurred at night.The episodes arose mainly on exertion.The episodes of dyspnoea and stridor were self-limiting.Answers can be found on page 2.
Analysis of emergency department prediction tools in evaluating febrile young infants at risk for serious infections
Authors: Yao Sarah Hui Wen , Ong Gene Yong-Kwang , Maconochie Ian K , Lee Khai Pin , Chong Shu-Ling 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveFebrile infants≤3 months old constitute a vulnerable group at risk of serious infections (SI). We aimed to (1) study the test performance of two clinical assessment tools—the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Traffic Light System and Severity Index Score (SIS) in predicting SI among all febrile young infants and (2) evaluate the performance of three low-risk criteria—the Rochester Criteria (RC), Philadelphia Criteria (PC) and Boston Criteria (BC) among well-looking febrile infants.MethodsA retrospective validation study was conducted. Serious illness included both bacterial and serious viral illness such as meningitis and encephalitis. We included febrile infants≤3 months old presenting to a paediatric emergency department in Singapore between March 2015 and February 2016. Infants were assigned to high-risk and low-risk groups for SI according to each of the five tools. We compared the performance of the NICE guideline and SIS at initial clinical assessment for all infants and the low-risk criteria—RC, PC and BC—among well-looking infants. We presented their performance using sensitivity, specificity, positive, negative predictive values and likelihood ratios.ResultsOf 1057 infants analysed, 326 (30.8%) were diagnosed with SI. The NICE guideline had an overall sensitivity of 93.3% (95% CI 90.0 to 95.7), while the SIS had a sensitivity of 79.1% (95% CI 74.3 to 83.4). The incidence of SI was similar among infants who were well-looking and those who were not. Among the low-risk criteria, the RC performed with the highest sensitivity in infants aged 0–28 days (98.2%, 95% CI 90.3% to 100.0%) and 29–60 days (92.4%, 95% CI 86.0% to 96.5%), while the PC performed best in infants aged 61–90 days (100.0%, 95% CI 95.4% to 100.0%).ConclusionsThe NICE guideline achieved high sensitivity in our study population, and the RC had the highest sensitivity in predicting for SI among well-appearing febrile infants. Prospective validation is required.
Inside spherically symmetric black holes or how a uniformly accelerated particle may slow down
Authors: Radosz Andrzej , Gusin Pawel , Augousti Andy T. , Formalik Filip 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Three types of phenomena occurring on both sides of the event horizon of spherically symmetric black holes are analyzed and discussed here. These phenomena are: a light ray orbiting a photon sphere and its analogue, the motion of a uniformly accelerated massive particle and a generalized Doppler effect. The results illustrate how the anisotropic dynamics of the interior of black holes, distinct in the cases both with and without an additional internal horizon, affect non-quantum behaviour.
A generalized Weyl structure with arbitrary non-metricity
Authors: Delhom Adria , Lobo Iarley P. , Olmo Gonzalo J. , Romero Carlos 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A Weyl structure is usually defined by an equivalence class of pairs $$(\mathbf{g}, {\varvec{\omega }})$$(g,ω) related by Weyl transformations, which preserve the relation $$\nabla \mathbf{g}={\varvec{\omega }}\otimes \mathbf{g}$$∇g=ω⊗g, where $$\mathbf{g}$$g and $${\varvec{\omega }}$$ω denote the metric tensor and a 1-form field. An equivalent way of defining such a structure is as an equivalence class of conformally related metrics with a unique affine connection $$\Gamma _{({\varvec{\omega }})}$$Γ(ω), which is invariant under Weyl transformations. In a standard Weyl structure, this unique connection is assumed to be torsion-free and have vectorial non-metricity. This second view allows us to present two different generalizations of standard Weyl structures. The first one relies on conformal symmetry while allowing for a general non-metricity tensor, and the other comes from extending the symmetry to arbitrary (disformal) transformations of the metric.
Effect of power distribution on the temperature evolution in laser-MIG hybrid welding for Q235 Steel
Authors: Zhou Shujun , Bu Hengchang , Gao Qiyu , Lu Weihua , Zhan Xiaohong 
Published: October 2019

Numerical simulation of laser-MIG hybrid welded Q235 steel was conducted using finite element simulation software with a 3D model. The thermal analysis was performed with a combined ellipsoid-Gaussian heat source. Double ellipsoid heat source and Gaussian heat source (Gauss rotating body heat source and Gauss cylinder heat source) were utilized to represent arc and laser heat, respectively. The effects of power distribution on the temperature evolution and the geometry of molten pool were numerically investigated. The simulated temperature field shows that the increase of the power ratio of laser in laser-MIG hybrid welding (LMHW) is more conducive to improve the peak temperature, leading to remelt interlayer and promote interlayer heat accumulation. Meanwhile, the depth-to-width-ratio (DTW) of molten pool increases with the risen laser power. The change of DTW value with [Formula: see text] value is more obvious when the [Formula: see text] value is greater than 1. Comparison of the calculated and validation experiment results suggested that the LMHW process is characterized well by the combined heat source model. Fine weld joint with good shape of molten pool morphology is obtained when the DTW of first pass, second pass and third pass are 0.94, 0.34 and 0.27, respectively.
Sufficient conditions for expansive group action
Authors: Barzanouni Ali 
Published: October 2019

Existence of expansivity for group action [Formula: see text] depends on algebraic properties of [Formula: see text] and the topology of [Formula: see text]. We give an expansive action of a solvable group on [Formula: see text] while there is no expansive action of a solvable group on a dendrite [Formula: see text]. We prove that a continuous action [Formula: see text] on a compact metric space [Formula: see text] is expansive if and only if there exists an open cover [Formula: see text] such that for any other open cover [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] for some finite set [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we introduce the notion of topological expansivity of a group action [Formula: see text] on a [Formula: see text]-paracompact space [Formula: see text]. If a [Formula: see text]-paracompact space [Formula: see text] admits topologically expansive action, then [Formula: see text] is Hausdorff space. We also show that a continuous action [Formula: see text] of a finitely generated group [Formula: see text] on a compact Hausdorff uniform space [Formula: see text] is expansive with an expansive neighborhood [Formula: see text] if and only if for every [Formula: see text] there is an entourage [Formula: see text] such that for every two [Formula: see text]-pseudo orbit [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] for all [Formula: see text]. Finally, we introduce measure [Formula: see text]-expansive actions on a uniform space. The set of all [Formula: see text]-expansive measures with common expansive neighborhood for a group action [Formula: see text] is a convex, closed and [Formula: see text]-invariant subset of the set of all Borel probability measures on [Formula: see text]. Also, we show that a group action [Formula: see text] is expansive if all Borel probability measures are [Formula: see text]-expansive or all Dirac measures [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], have a common expansive neighborhood.