bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Media Contact and Posttraumatic Stress in Employees of New York City Area Businesses after the September 11 Attacks
Authors: Pfefferbaum Betty , Palka Jayme , North Carol S. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTObjective:The objective of this study was to examine associations between media contact and posttraumatic stress in a sample with a large number of individuals who were directly exposed to the September 11, 2001 (9/11) attacks and to compare outcomes in exposed and unexposed participants.Methods:Structured interviews and questionnaires were administered to a volunteer sample of 254 employees of New York City businesses 35 months after the attacks to document disaster trauma exposures, posttraumatic stress outcomes, and media contact and reactions.Results:Media variables were not associated with psychopathological outcomes in exposed participants, but media contact in the first week after the attacks and feeling moderately/extremely bothered by graphic 9/11 media images were associated with re-experiencing symptoms in both the exposed and unexposed participants. Feeling moderately/extremely bothered by graphic media images was associated with hyperarousal symptoms in exposed participants.Conclusions:The findings suggest that media contact did not lead to psychopathology in exposed individuals, although it was associated with normative distress in both exposure groups. Because of the potential for adverse effects associated with media contact, clinicians and public health professionals are encouraged to discuss concerns about mass trauma media contact with their patients and the public at large.
A new crocodylid from the middle Miocene of Kenya and the timing of crocodylian faunal change in the late Cenozoic of Africa
Authors: Cossette Adam P. , Adams Amanda J. , Drumheller Stephanie K. , Nestler Jennifer H. , Benefit Brenda R. , McCrossin Monte L. , Manthi Frederick K. , Nyaboke Juma Rose , Brochu Christopher A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBrochuchusis a small crocodylid originally based on specimens from the early Miocene of Rusinga Island, Lake Victoria, Kenya. Here, we report occurrences ofBrochuchusfrom several early and middle Miocene sites. Some are from the Lake Victoria region, and others are in the Lake Turkana Basin. Specimens from the middle Miocene Maboko locality form the basis of a new species,Brochuchus parvidens, which has comparatively smaller maxillary alveoli. Because of the smaller alveoli, the teeth appear to be more widely spaced in the new species. We also provide a revised diagnosis forBrochuchusand its type species,B.pigotti. A phylogenetic analysis supports a close relationship betweenBrochuchusand tube-snoutedEuthecodon, but although relationships among crocodylids appear poorly resolved in the set of optimal trees, this is becauseBrochuchusandEuthecodon, along with early Miocene “Crocodylus”gariepensisfrom the early Miocene of Namibia, jointly adopt two distinct positions—either closely related to the living sharp-nosed crocodile (Mecistops) or to a group including the living dwarf crocodiles (Osteolaemus). Character support for a close relationship withMecistopsis problematic, and we suspect a closer relationship toOsteolaemuswill be recovered with improved sampling, but the results here are ambiguous. In either case,Brochuchusis more closely related to living groups not currently found in East Africa. This material helps constrain the timing of crocodylian faunal turnover in the East African Rift Valley System, with endemic lineages largely being replaced byCrocodylusin the middle or late Miocene possibly in response to regional xerification and the replacement of continuous rainforest cover with open grasslands and savannas.UUID:http://zoobank.org/e6f0b219-5f3e-44e5-bdb9-60a4fae8d126
Sexual traits and reproductive strategy of the leucosiid crab Pyrhila pisum
Authors: Kobayashi Satoshi , Archdale Miguel Vazquez 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMating strategy and sexual dimorphism of morphological traits of the leucosiid crab Pyrhila pisum were elucidated by analysing relative growth patterns of chelipeds and abdomen, and gonad development patterns. Male adults had long chelipeds compared with juvenile males and females. Among male adults, two phases with different slopes could be found in the regression lines; their chelipeds growth pattern changed from negative allometry to positive and longer chelipeds developed in large adults. The growth is more markedly expressed in the merus than in the propodus. Female adults had wider abdominal segments and a thicker body compared with juvenile females and males. Abdomen of females was greatly enlarged by a puberty moult. Male adults had well-developed gonads similar to female adults, and the weights of male gonads were often larger than those of females of the same body size. For adult males, a negative correlation was detected between carapace width and the weight ratio of their gonads, but no significant relationship was detected for adult females. Females had large and well-bloated seminal receptacles, whose weight was nearly equal to gonad weight. There was little difference in the amount of seminal receptacles regardless of the body size of females. There is a trade-off relationship in the development between chelipeds and gonads in adult males. Probably young adult males compensate for the disadvantageous condition of guarding by increasing the number of spermatozoids, and old adult males invest more of their energy to their chelae for guarding while decreasing investment in sperm production.
Te Karere o Poneke: Creating an Indigenous Discursive Space?
Authors: Paterson Lachy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver sixteen months in 1857 and 1858, Walter Buller produced a weekly newspaper for Māori of the Wellington region in their own language. Although he was the son of a Wesleyan missionary and an official interpreter, the niupepa was neither a church nor a government publication, although it promoted discourses favoured by both. A number of niupepa had preceded Buller's Te Karere o Poneke, the first appearing in 1842, but his paper was distinctive in the sizable platform he provided for correspondence. Over half of the items printed comprised letters from Māori, many of them commenting on, and occasionally critiquing the colonial milieu.The concept of “public sphere” is heavily theorized, often postulated in acultural terms (although suspiciously European in form) and it is debatable if Te Karere o Poneke's readership and their engagement with the textual discourse meet the theory's required criteria of constituting a public sphere. New Zealand was annexed to the British Empire in 1840, meaning that by 1857 colonization was still a relatively new phenomenon, but with substantial immigration and a developing infrastructure, change was both extensive and dynamic. According to the theory, it may be difficult to apply the concept of “public sphere” to Māori anytime during the changing contexts of nineteenth-century colonialism, and indeed other colonised cultures for whom the advent of literacy, Christianity, market economy and colonial administration had been sudden and unexpected. Of course this does not mean that Māori lacked a voice, at times critical. Using Te Karere o Poneke as a case study, this essay argues that Wellington Māori of 1857 do not readily fit the Western model of the “public sphere”, but they nevertheless utilized the discursive spaces available to them to discuss and evaluate the world they now encountered.
“The Party Must Strengthen Its Leadership in Finance!”: Digital Technologies and Financial Governance in China's Fintech Development
Authors: Wang Jing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article examines the roles digital technologies have played in propelling the shifts in modes of financial governance which have been led by the Chinese Communist Party and enacted by a wide spectrum of regulative actors. Based on analyses of the laws, policies and regulations surrounding digital financial technologies, or so-called fintechs, as well as in-depth interviews with government officials and fintech business executives, I argue that the proliferation of fintechs challenged the existing regulatory schemes defined by the Central Bank and the State Council. This forced a reconsideration of the Chinese government's hegemonic strategies in governing the rapidly changing financial industries. While digital technologies have been promoted to accomplish the goals set by the Party for financial marketization and modernization, a set of institutions including regulatory, organizational and normative rules have been developed to strengthen the Party's control over the digitization of finance. This contradiction is pivotal to understanding the Party's financial policymaking in the digital age.
Personality disorder co-morbidity in primary care ‘Improving Access to Psychological Therapy’ (IAPT) services: a qualitative study exploring patient perspectives on treatment experience
Authors: Lamph Gary , Baker John , Dickinson Tommy , Lovell Karina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground:High numbers of people present with common mental health disorders and co-morbid personality disorder traits in primary care ‘Improving Access to Psychological Therapies’ (IAPT) services in England and they receive sub-optimal treatments. No previous studies have explored the treatment experiences or needs of this patient population in England.Aims:This qualitative study explored the treatment experiences of patients (n = 22) with common mental health difficulties and co-morbid personality disorder as indicated by a score of 3 or more on the ‘Standardised Assessment of Personality – Abbreviated Scale’ (SAPAS) in receipt of primary care-based IAPT treatment.Method:A qualitative health research approach was used. Qualitative individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted. All interviews were audio recorded, data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a framework analysis approach.Results:Findings revealed a need to adapt away from prescriptive cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) treatment models towards more flexible, personalised and individualised treatment with this patient group. Time to emotionally offload, build a therapeutic relationship and link past experiences to presenting problems were highlighted as important.Conclusions:For the first time, the needs and treatment experiences of this patient group have been explored. This paper provides a unique patient experience insight that should be considered when exploring new approaches to working with and developing effective interventions via a stepped care approach.
Barriers and facilitators to implementing a healthier food outlet initiative: perspectives from local governments
Authors: Boelsen-Robinson Tara , Peeters Anna , Thow Anne-Marie , Hawkes Corinna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective:Local governments have integral roles in contributing to public health. One recent focus has been on how local governments can impact community nutrition by engaging food service outlets to improve their food offer. The Healthier Catering Commitment (HCC) is an initiative where London local governments support takeaways and restaurants to meet centrally defined nutrition criteria on their food options. Using the case of HCC, the current study aims to provide (1) practical learnings of how local governments could facilitate and overcome barriers associated with implementing healthy food service initiatives in general, and (2) specific recommendations for enhancements for HCC.Design:Key informant, semi-structured interviews were conducted with local government staff involved in HCC, exploring barriers and facilitators to HCC implementation in food businesses. A thematic analysis approach was used, with results presented according to a logic pathway of ideal implementation in order to provide practical, focused insights.Setting:Local governments implementing HCC.Participants:Twenty-two individuals supporting HCC implementation.Results:Facilitators to implementation included flexible approaches, shared resourcing and strategically engaging businesses with practical demonstrations. Barriers were limited resources, businesses fearing negative customer responses and low uptake in disadvantaged areas. Key suggestions to enhance implementation and impact included offering additional incentives, increasing HCC awareness and encouraging recruited businesses to make healthy changes beyond initiative requirements.Conclusions:In order to facilitate the implementation of healthy food initiatives in food outlets, local governments would benefit from involving their environmental health team, employing community-tailored approaches and focusing on supporting businesses in disadvantaged areas.
The journey towards safer radiotherapy: are we on a road to nowhere?
Authors: Graveling Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground:Harnessing available knowledge and learning from our errors are prerequisites of delivering on the challenge of improving patient safety. Towards Safer Radiotherapy, published in 2008, was a response from the UK’s (UK) radiotherapy community to concerns arising from high profile errors. The report was a driver for the development of a national reporting and learning system for radiotherapy.Materials and methods:A literature review was conducted covering the years from 2009 to 2020. Search terms used were radiotherapy errors, patient safety, incident learning, human factors and trend analysis. A total of 10 papers reported recommendations or implementation of changes to service delivery models following systematic error analysis. None of these were from UK service providers.Conclusions:Twelve years on from the publication of Towards Safer Radiotherapy, there is little evidence of impact on safety culture within the UK radiotherapy community. Although the UK has a large radiotherapy error dataset, there remain unanswered questions about the impact on the safety culture in radiotherapy.
Pollen-mediated gene flow and transfer of resistance alleles from herbicide-resistant broadleaf weeds
Authors: Jhala Amit J. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Ganie Zahoor A. , Sosnoskie Lynn M. , Beckie Hugh J. , Mallory-Smith Carol A. , Liu Jun , Wei Wei , Wang Junming , Stoltenberg David E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPollen-mediated gene flow (PMGF) refers to the transfer of genetic information (alleles) from one plant to another compatible plant. With the evolution of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds, PMGF plays an important role in the transfer of resistance alleles from HR to susceptible weeds; however, little attention is given to this topic. The objective of this work was to review reproductive biology, PMGF studies, and interspecific hybridization, as well as potential for herbicide resistance alleles to transfer in the economically important broadleaf weeds including common lambsquarters, giant ragweed, horseweed, kochia, Palmer amaranth, and waterhemp. The PMGF studies involving these species reveal that transfer of herbicide resistance alleles routinely occurs under field conditions and is influenced by several factors, such as reproductive biology, environment, and production practices. Interspecific hybridization studies withinAmaranthusandAmbrosiaspp. show that herbicide resistance allele transfer is possible between species of the same genus but at relatively low levels. The widespread occurrence of HR weed populations and high genetic diversity is at least partly due to PMGF, particularly in dioecious species such as Palmer amaranth and waterhemp compared with monoecious species such as common lambsquarters and horseweed. Prolific pollen production in giant ragweed contributes to PMGF. Kochia, a wind-pollinated species can efficiently disseminate herbicide resistance alleles via both PMGF and tumbleweed seed dispersal, resulting in widespread occurrence of multiple HR kochia populations. The findings from this review verify that intra- and interspecific gene flow can occur and, even at a low rate, could contribute to the rapid spread of herbicide resistance alleles. More research is needed to determine the role of PMGF in transferring multiple herbicide resistance alleles at the landscape level.
Using Parallel, Narrative-Based Measures to Examine the Relationship Between Listening and Reading Comprehension: A Pilot Study
Authors: Petersen Douglas B. , Spencer Trina D. , Konishi Alisa , Sellars Tiffany P. , Foster Matthew E. , Robertson Dana 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether parallel measures of narrative-based listening comprehension and reading comprehension reflected the same construct and yielded comparable scores from a diverse sample of second- and third-grade students. One hundred ten students participated in this study.MethodThree listening and three reading comprehension narrative retells and subsequent responses to story questions and vocabulary questions were collected using the Narrative Language Measures Listening and Reading subtests of the CUBED assessment.ResultsResults indicated a strong correlation between the listening comprehension and reading comprehension measures. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the listening and reading comprehension measures loaded onto one factor. Mean scores were not significantly different between the listening and reading comprehension measures, and the equipercentile analyses indicated that the two measures yielded scores that aligned with similar percentile rankings for a diverse sample of students, suggesting symmetry and equity.ConclusionOral narrative language retells and responses to story and vocabulary questions could potentially serve as proxy measures for reading comprehension for young students.
Transparent metamaterial absorber with broadband radar cross‐section (RCS) reduction for solar arrays
Authors: Kong Xiangkun , Jiang Shunliu , Kong Lingqi , Wang Qi , Hu Haobin , Zhang Xiang , Zhao Xing 
Published: September 2020

Solar arrays are the primary energy source of the satellite. In this study, a metamaterial absorber for solar arrays with simultaneous high optical transparency and broadband microwave absorption is presented. By tailoring the reflection response of meta‐atoms, 87% absorption performance from 6.8 to 18 GHz is obtained. In the meantime, by employing transparent substrates, including indium tin oxide film and anti‐reflection glass, a maximum of 87% light transmittance is achieved. The absorptivity of the proposed metamaterial absorber is simulated and measured experimentally. Optical transmittance and the effect of transparent metamaterial absorber on the conversion efficiency of the solar array have also been measured. These results fully demonstrate the reliability of the authors’ design for solar arrays, which also meet the actual requirements of structural strength, atomic oxygen erosion resistance, weight limitation etc.
Implantate der weiblichen Brust – Teil 1: Normalbefund in der MRT
Authors: Fischer Uwe , Said Hafiez 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie prothetische Versorgung der Brust zur Organvergrößerung gehört seit den 60er Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts zum medizinischen Routineeingriff, wobei dieses Thema in überwiegendem Maße Frauen, aber auch Transsexuelle betrifft 1
2. Entsprechende Operationen erfolgen einerseits mit plastisch-ästhetischer Zielsetzung oder andererseits zur Herstellung der normalen anatomischen Verhältnisse nach onkologischer Brustdrüsen- oder Brustdrüsenteilentfernung. Zum Einsatz kamen hierbei anfänglich in erster Linie Silikonimplantate, später wurden auch Kochsalz- und Polyacrylimplantate genutzt 3
4
5. Im ersten von 3 Teilen erfolgt die bildgebende Präsentation von Normalbefunden bei Implantaten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der MRT.
ABC5 – Internationale Konsensuskonferenz zum fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinom, Lissabon, 16.11.2019 – Deutsche Expertengruppe kommentiert ABC5-Abstimmungsergebnisse
Authors: Untch Michael , Würstlein Rachel , Lüftner Diana , Haidinger Renate , Fasching Peter A. , Augustin Doris , Briest Susanne , Ettl Johannes , Förster Frank , Kurbacher Christian M. , Lück Hans-Joachim , Marschner Norbert , Müller Lothar , Müller Volkmar , Radke Isabel , Ruckhäberle Eugen , Scheffen Iris , Schumacher-Wulf Eva , Schwoerer Moritz , Steinfeld-Birg Dieter , Ziegler-Löhr Katja , Thomssen Christoph , Harbeck Nadia 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungVom 14. bis 16. November 2019 fand in Lissabon die fünfte internationale Konsensuskonferenz ABC5 (Advanced Breast Cancer Fifth Consensus) zu Diagnostik und Behandlung des fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinoms statt. Ziel ist es, die Behandlung der Patientinnen mit fortgeschrittenem Mammakarzinom weltweit auf evidenzbasierter Grundlage zu standardisieren und sicherzustellen, dass Patientinnen überall auf der Welt adäquat behandelt werden und Zugang zu neuen Therapien erhalten. Ein inhaltlicher Schwerpunkt lag dieses Jahr auf neuen Entwicklungen und Studienergebnissen beim fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinom sowie der Präzisionsmedizin. Zudem ist die Zusammenarbeit mit den Patientenvertreterinnen aus aller Welt ein wichtiges Anliegen der ABC-Konferenz, weshalb in dem international zusammengesetzten ABC-Panel auch Patientenvertreterinnen sind. Im vorliegenden Manuskript werden die Abstimmungsergebnisse der ABC5-Panelisten vor Ort durch eine Arbeitsgruppe deutscher Brustkrebsexperten für den Therapiealltag in Deutschland kommentiert. Der Kommentierung liegen die Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO), Kommission „Mamma“, zugrunde. Sie erscheint sinnvoll, da in den ABC-Konsensus auch länderspezifische Besonderheiten einfließen.
Computerized image analysis of blood vessels within mucosal defects for the prediction of delayed bleeding following colonic endoscopic mucosal resection: a pilot study
Authors: Shaleve Yonatan , Sabo Edmond , Bourke Michael J. , Klein Amir 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Clinically significant post-endoscopic bleeding (CSPEB) is a common complication following colonic endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Current prediction tools are clinical and do not use the appearance of the post-EMR mucosal defect. We aimed to predict CSPEB by analyzing blood vessel morphology within the post-EMR mucosal defect.
Methods 43 patients with CSPEB were matched to 43 non-bleeders for clinical variables associated with CSPEB. Computerized image analysis quantified the morphologic characteristics of the blood vessels in the defect. Variables were measured in relation to the mucosal defect area. Multivariate analysis and a neural network (NNET) were used as prediction models.
Results The CSPEB group vessels had larger maximum diameter (113.07 vs. 69.03; P < 0.001), larger minimum radius (5.09 vs. 3.28; P = 0.002), larger perimeter value (337.82 vs. 193.86; P < 0.001), larger vessel length-of-outline (351.83 vs. 220.68; P = 0.002), and larger fractal dimension (1.11 vs. 1.10; P = 0.005) compared with non-bleeders. Discriminant analysis yielded 86 % sensitivity and 76.7 % specificity and an NNET classifier yielded 100 % sensitivity and 76.9 % specificity for identifying patients at risk.
Conclusions Blood vessel morphology in the post-EMR defect can be used to predict bleeding following colonic EMR.