bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk dynamics modeling of reservoir dam break for safety control in the emergency response process
Authors: Shen Guangze , Lu Yi , Zhang Shichen , Xiang Yan , Sheng Jinbao , Fu Jilei , Fu Shan , Liu Mengyang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Dam break is an accident that may heavily threat downstream residents' life and property safety, especially in China. As revealed by accident investigation statistics, both flawed organizational behavior and inadequate downstream resident risk awareness have affected the safety risk of reservoir dams. Multiple information transferring mode and dynamic processes perform with the characteristics of social-technical systems. Based on the system dynamics approach, this study proposed a risk causation model aiming for factor interactions involving organizational, human, and technical system levels. The derived simulation model represented the historical risk evolution process of Gouhou reservoir in China and the rationality of the proposed model was verified. To further improve the efficiency of the organizational response and monitor real-time dam safety, a software tool called Dam Emergency Response Aids (DERA) was constructed to evaluate the potential safety benefits of risk control measures, and to overcome the defects of static emergency plans. By integrating relevant professional modules and data, the mobile application (APP) has been applied on the Jinniu Mountain reservoir dam in Nanjing of China and helped to maintain its excellent safety operation until now. It shows that the risk dynamics model proposed can improve the abilities of dam operating management organization for more effective responses under emergency circumstances.
A high-rate and stable nitrogen removal from reject water in a full-scale two-stage AMX® system
Authors: Jung Minki , Oh Taeseok , Rhu Daehwan , Liberzon Jon , Kang S. Joh , Daigger Glen T. , Kim Sungpyo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper reports long-term performance of a two-stage AMX® system with a capacity of 70 m3/d treating actual reject water. An air-lift granulation reactor performed partial nitritation (PN–AGR) at an average nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 3.1 kgN/m3-d, producing an average effluent –N/NH4+–N ratio of 1.04. The average nitrogen removal rate of the system was 3.91 kgN/m3-d following an anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) stage moving bed biofilm reactor (A–MBBR). Although the total nitrogen concentrations in the reject water fluctuated seasonally, overall nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of the two-stage AMX® system was very stable at over 87%. The two-stage AMX® system, consisting of a PN–AGR followed by an A–MBBR, operated at a stable NLR of 1.86 kgN/m3-d (1.64 kgN/m3-d including the intermediate tank), which is 1.8 times higher (1.6 times including the intermediate tank) than other commercialized single-stage partial nitritation/Anammox (PN/A) processes (which operate at a NLR of about 1 kgN/m3-d). The PN–AGR was affected by high influent total suspended solids (TSS) loads, but was able to recover within a short period of 4 days, which confirmed that the two-stage PN/A process is resilient to TSS load fluctuations.
Light-induced degradation of rhodamine B by tellurium quantum dots
Authors: Yu Hong , Yang Xiuyun , Zhang Donghui , Guo Manran , Hou Yue , Li Leijiao , Bao Siqi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Tellurium quantum dots (Te QDs) were prepared using bulk tellurium as the precursor. Te QDs can be a highly active photocatalyst for boosting the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. The morphology and composition of Te QDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that in the presence of H2O2, the photocatalytic efficiency of Te QDs on RhB could achieve a good degradation effect within a very short time (30 min). The effects of initial dye concentration, pH value, light intensity, catalyst dosage and H2O2 concentration on dye degradation were successively studied. The effects of inorganic ions (NO3−, Cl−, SO42−, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+) on photocatalytic degradation were also discussed. Experimental results of free radical capture showed that OH• and O2•− played important roles in photocatalytic degradation. More importantly, Te QDs efficiency still remained above 85% after four cycles of use, indicating good stability, recyclability and utility. This work may inspire further design of other semiconductor QDs for highly efficient dye degradation.
Os princípios subjacentes às IFRS e as bases de mensuração dos elementos integrantes das demonstrações financeiras
Authors: Martucheli Camila Teresa , Pereira Filho Antônio Dias 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Este ensaio teórico busca apresentar conceitos, argumentos e discussões acerca da adoção e utilização das IFRS, com foco em seus princípios subjacentes e bases de mensuração.
Metodologia: Revisão da literatura com a apresentação e discussão de argumentos de autores que pesquisaram sobre a utilização das IFRS e seus princípios subjacentes e bases de mensuração.
Resultados: Os padrões contábeis baseados em princípios são tidos, por uma corrente de autores, como uma possível solução para o problema da harmonização contábil. Porém, outra corrente de autores afirma que a padronização contábil baseada em princípios, embora possa resultar em relatórios financeiros com maior qualidade são menos assertivos, tendo em vista a existência de subjetividade no conteúdo das demonstrações financeiras. Tal fato leva à conclusão de que seria impossível a harmonização absoluta da normatização contábil.
Contribuições do Estudo: O estudo propõe apontamentos a respeito da discussão sobre as IFRS, responsáveis por aumentar a qualidade das demonstrações financeiras, ao mesmo tempo em que diminui a confiabilidade das informações produzidas, tendo em vista as dificuldades inerentes à aplicação do conceito de valor justo.
Biomarker Approach Towards Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Authors: Malhotra Hitesh , Garg Vandana , Singh Govind 
Published: January 2021

:Rheumatoid arthritis is an auto-immune disorder, recognized by cartilage as well as bone destruction, which causes irreversible joint deformities, which further results in functional limitations in the patient. Genes like HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22 are likely implicated in the genetic predisposition of rheumatoid arthritis pathology. The first and foremost clinical manifestation in a person with rheumatoid arthritis is joint destruction followed by cartilage and bone destruction caused by cell-cell interactions. The cell-cell interactions are thought to be initialized through the contact of antigen-presenting cells (APC) with CD4+ cells, leading to the progression of the disease. APC includes a complex of class ІІ major histocompatibility complex molecules along with peptide antigens and binds to the receptors present on the surface of T-cells. Further, the activation of macrophages is followed by the release of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF-α, which lead to the secretion of enzymes that degrade proteoglycan and collagen, which in turn, increase tissue degradation. Biomarkers like IL-6, IL-12, IL-8 and IL-18, 14-3-3η, RANKL, IFN-γ, IFN-β and TGF-β have been designated as key biomarkers in disease development and progression. The study of these biomarkers is very important as they act as a molecular indicator of pathological processes that aggravate the disease.
Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics Approaches for Predicting Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Darmayanti Siska , Lesmana Ronny , Meiliana Anna , Abdulah Rizky 
Published: January 2021

Background:
There is a continuous rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM) worldwide and most patients are unaware of the presence of this chronic disease at the early
stages. T2DM is associated with complications related to long-term damage and failure of multiple
organ systems caused by vascular changes associated with glycated end products, oxidative
stress, mild inflammation, and neovascularization. Among the most frequent complications of
T2DM observed in about 20-40% of T2DM patients is diabetes nephropathy (DN).

Method:
A literature search was made in view of highlighting the novel applications of genomics,
proteomics and metabolomics, as the new prospective strategy for predicting DN in T2DM patients.

Results:
The complexity of DN requires a comprehensive and unbiased approach to investigate the
main causes of disease and identify the most important mechanisms underlying its development.
With the help of evolving throughput technology, rapidly evolving information can now be applied
to clinical practice.

Discussion:
DN is also the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and comorbidity independent
of T2DM. In terms of the comorbidity level, DN has many phenotypes; therefore, timely diagnosis
is required to prevent these complications. Currently, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated
glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are gold standards for assessing glomerular damage and
changes in renal function. However, GFR estimation based on creatinine is limited to hyperfiltration
status; therefore, this makes albuminuria and eGFR indicators less reliable for early-stage diagnosis
of DN.

Conclusion:
The combination of genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics assays as suitable biological
systems can provide new and deeper insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes, as well as
discover prospects for developing suitable and targeted interventions.
In vitro, In vivo and In silico Antihyperglycemic Activity of Some Semi-Synthetic Phytol Derivatives
Authors: Upadhyay Harish C. , Mishra Akansha , Pandey Jyotsana , Sharma Pooja , Tamrakar Akhilesh K. , Srivastava Arvind K. , Khan Feroz , Srivastava Santosh K. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Due to the prevalence of type-2 diabetes across the globe, there is unmet need to explore new
molecular targets for the development of cost-effective and safer antihyperglycemic agents.

Objective:
Structural modification of phytol and evaluation of in vitro, in vivo and in silico antihyperglycemic activity of
derivatives establishing the preliminary structure activity relationship (SAR).

Methods:
The semi-synthetic derivatives of phytol were prepared following previously described
methods. The antihyperglycemic potential was measured in vitro in terms of increase in 2-
deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake by L-6 rat skeletal muscle cells as well as in vivo in sucrose-loaded
(SLM) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat models. The blood glucose profile was measured
at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 1440 min post administration of sucrose in rats. The in
silico docking was performed on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) as antidiabetic
target along with absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET)
studies.

Results:
Nine semi-synthetic ester derivatives: acetyl (1), lauroyl (2), palmitoyl (3), pivaloyl (4),
trans-crotonyl (5), benzoyl (6), m-anisoyl (7), 3,4,5-trimethoxy benzoyl (8) cinnamoyl (9) along with
bromo derivative (10) of phytol were prepared. The derivatives 9, 8 and 2 caused 4.5, 3.2 and 2.7
times more in vitro uptake of 2-DG respectively than rosiglitazone (ROSI). The derivatives showed
significant improvement in oral glucose tolerance both in SLM (29.6-21%) as well as STZ-induced
diabetic (30.8-19.0%) rats. The in silico ADMET, docking studies showed non-toxicity and high
binding affinity with PPARγ.

Conclusion:
The potent antihyperglycemic activity with favorable pharmacokinetics supports phytol derivatives as suitable
antidiabetic lead.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Simultaneous Determination of Bisphenols in Plastic Packed Dry Fruits Using Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes as Solid Phase Extraction Sorbent
Authors: Ahmed Ali Shazalia Mahmoud , Elamin Manahil Babiker , Ali Omar Mei Musa , Elbashir Abdalla Ahmed , Aboul-Enein Hassan Y. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Bisphenols A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF) are manufactured
chemicals found in food packaging, drink containers, lotions, toys, plastic PVC flooring,
and water pipes. The aim of this work is to develop simple, rapid and reliable high-performance
liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) method for simultaneous determination
of bisphenols A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol S (BPS) in plastic packed dry
fruits collected from Saudi Arabia markets.

Methods:
BPA, BPS and BPF in plastic packed dry fruits samples were extracted and clean up
using packed Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) mini-column followed by analysis using
HPLC-FLD.

Results:
The three BPs were separated within less than 12 min. The method was validated in terms
of linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision (repeatability) and
accuracy (recovery). Good linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 62.25-10000 μg/L
for BPS and 6.25-1000 μg/L for BPA and BPF. The LODs and LOQs were found to be 1.07, 12.09,
and 0.9939 μg/L and 3.56, 40.32 and 3.13 μg/L for bisphenols BPA, BPS, and BPF, respectively.
Recoveries for analytes in the samples were all within the range of 87% to 104%.

Conclusion:
The method was successfully applied to real dry fruit samples (i.e, dry date (Ajwa),
apricot, dry grapes and figs. The results obtained revealed that all of the tested BPs were present in
the samples.
Poly(diphenylamine) and its Nanohybrids for Chemicals and Biomolecules Analysis: A Review
Authors: Eswaran Muthusankar , Dhanusuraman Ragupathy , Chokkiah Bavatharani , Tsai Pei-Chien , Wabaidur Saikh Mohammad , Alothman Zeid Abdullah , Ponnusamy Vinoth Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Background:This is the first review on Poly(diphenylamine) and its nanohybrids which covers about 181 references demonstrating the brief discussion on the theoretical studies, chemical, electrochemical and other-phase preparation techniques, polymerization and oxidation-reduction (redox) mechanisms, physicochemical and electrochemical properties along with electrochemical sensors and spectroscopic applications on the detection of chemicals and biomolecules analysis applications.Objective:The main aim of this detailed report is merely to afford a survey of the literature existing on this multifunctional conducting organic polymer (poly(diphenylamine)) that provokes a pathway to innovations and discoveries in the near future claim its applications in multidisciplinary fields, especially in the detection of chemicals and bio-molecules applications.Methods:We discussed the overall studies on poly(diphenylamine) and its various nanohybrids, including copolymers, homopolymers, carbon-based, and metal/metal-oxide hybrids. The different synthesis methods of poly(diphenylamine) such as chemical/electrochemical/mechano-chemical polymerization in terms of morphology and electrical conductivity were briefly discussed.Conclusion:This review manuscript deliberates the various synthesis approaches and applications based on the multifunctional conducting polymer poly(diphenylamine) and its nanohybrids. This review provides an outlook and challenges ahead that ignites spotlight to innovations and discoveries in the near future claim its applications in multidisciplinary fields, particularly in electrochemical sensors and spectroscopic applications towards the detection of chemicals and bio-molecules.
An Updated Review on COVID-19
Authors: Ebada Mahmoud Ahmed , Wadaa-Allah Ahmed , Bahbah Eshak , Negida Ahmed 
Published: January 2021

:
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected more than seven million individuals in 213 countries
worldwide with a basic reproduction number ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 and an estimated case fatality rate ranging from 2% to
7%. A substantial proportion of COVID-19 patients are asymptomatic; however, symptomatic cases might present with fever, cough, and dyspnoea or severe symptoms up to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Currently, RNA RT-PCR is the
screening tool, while bilateral chest CT is the confirmatory clinical diagnostic test. Several drugs have been repurposed to
treat COVID-19, including chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin, lopinavir/ritonavir combination, remdesivir, favipiravir, tocilizumab, and EIDD-1931. Recently, Remdesivir gained FDA emergency approval based on
promising early findings from the interim analysis of 1063 patients. The recently developed serology testing for SARSCoV-2 antibodies opened the door to evaluate the actual burden of the disease and to determine the rate of the population
who have been previously infected (or developed immunity). This review article summarizes current data on the COVID-19
pandemic starting from the early outbreak, viral structure and origin, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, discharge criteria,
and future research.
Congenital Heart Disease in Non-Diabetic Large-for-Gestational-Age (LGA) Neonates
Authors: Firouzi Majid , Sherkatolabbasieh Hamidreza , Nezami Alireza , Shafizadeh Shiva 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Congenital heart diseases are the most prevalent congenital abnormalities
in the neonates, caused by environmental and genetic factors and contributing to the leading cause
of death. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between neonates with large for gestational
age and increased risk of congenital heart diseases among non-diabetic mothers.

Methods:
In this study, 179 neonates with large gestational age in Khorramabad were enrolled
where heart abnormalities were evaluated using echocardiography.

Results:
87 neonates had more than 4000 g of birth weight with no heart abnormalities and 92
(51%) macrosomic neonates had congenital heart diseases. Statistical analysis revealed a significant
relationship between birth weight and increased risk of acquiring congenital heart disease between
the two groups. There was no significant relationship between birth weight, maternal age,
gender, labor type and blood group between the two groups. The highest incidence of congenital
heart anomalies was related to 38% of arterial septal defect (ASD) and 15.2% of ASD and VSD, respectively.

Conclusion:
The most prevalent abnormality was arterial septal ASD. None of these abnormalities
were associated with maternal age, birth weight and neonate gender. Future studies for congenital
heart disease and neonatal birth weight are, therefore, recommended.
LAS REMESAS INTERNACIONALES: ¿ESTABILIZADOR AUTOMÁTICO O SÚPERMULTIPLICADOR DE LA POLÍTICA FISCAL?
Authors: Sovilla Bruno 
Published: January 2021

<p align="center"><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p>En este trabajo analizamos cómo impactan las remesas en la economía de un país receptor por el lado de la oferta y el de la demanda, insertándolas en un modelo estático neokeynesiano con precios flexibles. Demostramos que las remesas también repercuten en la efectividad de las políticas económicas y de sus multiplicadores dependiendo del grado de intervención del Banco Central en el mercado de divisas. Eso nos permite definir distintos escenarios macroeconómicos, cada uno con sus propias implicaciones de política económica.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center">INTERNATIONAL REMITTANCES: AN ECONOMIC STABILIZER</p><p align="center">OR A FISCAL POLICY SUPER MULTIPLIER?</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p>In this paper the impact of remittances on a recipient economy’s supply and demand sides is analyzed considering a static model with flexible prices. It is shown that remittances affect both the effectiveness of economic policies and their multipliers. This effect is also shown to depend on the degree of Central Bank intervention in the foreign exchange market. This allows us to define different macroeconomic scenarios, each with different economic policy implications.</p>
Mulheres de Fogo
Authors: Tavares Roberta 
Published: January 2021

Mulheres de Fogo é o poema que dá nome ao zine (minilivro artesanal independente) de Roberta Tavares e que teve sua primeira edição em 2018, com grande repercussão e circulação na cidade de Belém e para além dela, o que levou a montagem da segunda edição em 2019, e terceira em 2020, colocando em xeque a ideia de que as pessoas não compram, não leem ou não se interessam por poesia – ideia que, segundo a poeta, talvez tenha mais a ver com monopólio de mercado editorial e suas consequências do que propriamente com a poesia em si. Mulheres de fogo foi o poema da publicação independente mencionada que mais se tornou conhecido, lido e declamado por diferentes mulheres em diversos lugares.
Corporate social responsibility spending of commercial banks: determinants and consequence
Authors: Musah Alhassan 
Published: January 2021

The contribution of firms towards society in the form of corporate social responsibility has attracted significant concern for many stakeholders, especially among banks in Ghana. It is perceived that; banks especially do Corporate Social Responsibility just because they are the most profitable sector in Ghana. The study sort to examine the kind of relationship that exists between bank performance and CSR in Ghana. Also, to determine how bank size and profitability and it's listing status and foreign ownership influence CSR spending in Ghana. The study sampled 24 commercial banks over seven years from 2010 to 2016. The study analyzed data using statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and panel regression analysis. The study found out that engaging in CSR activities increases banks' profitability in Ghana, especially for ROE. Besides, the study concluded that bigger and larger banks are more profitable than small companies, so they are more involved in CSR activities. The study also investigated whether foreign ownership and the listing status of banks influence CSR spending. On this aspect, the study found out that banks' listing status influences CSR spending, but foreign ownership does not. The result implies that listed banks are more public and faces more social pressure hence they spend more on CSR to legitimize their operations.
MORAL VALUE AND CHARACTER BUILDING EDUCATION IN FOLKLORE: LUBUK EMAS
Authors: Sipahutar Silvania Sefaca , Narhan Raees , Paramita Ratna , Sembiring Yenita Br 
Published: January 2021

The folklore entitled Lubuk Emas is one of the stories that come from North Sumatra, Indone-sia. The aim of this study is the researcher wants to show the importance of moral value and character-building education through the Lubuk Emas folklore. This research used the library research method, where the researcher will gathering information about the moral value and character-building education through Lubuk Emas folklore. The results of this study are to show that the character has a different characterization and also give the reader a different mo-rality include individual morality and social morality. Which later can be applied in everyday life through studying the characters so that the children will grow with a commendable person-ality and character. Keywords: Character Building, Education, Folklore, Lubuk Emas, Moral Value