bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARAÇÃO DO ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE CRIANÇAS INDÍGENAS E NÃO INDÍGENAS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Pereira Elaine Cristina de Sá , Albuquerque Rafaela Gomes de , Cavalcanti Rafaella De Andrade Silva 
Published: November 2020

RESUMO
OBJETIVO
Comparar o estado nutricional de crianças indígenas e não indígenas brasileiras, atráves de uma revisão bibliográfica, nas bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs).
MÉTODOS:Tratou-se de um estudo de revisão da literatura visando disponibilizar uma síntese das evidências relacionadas a comparação do estado nutricional de crianças indígenas e não indígenas brasileiras, por meio da busca, análise e integração da informação selecionada.
RESULTADOS:Evidências científicas mostraram que a prevalecência de desnutrição infantil entre indígenas é maior do que entre a população brasileira da mesma idade. A baixa estatura apresentou como o principal déficit antropométrico, seguido pelo baixo peso por idade. Esse índice de baixa estatura, quando não é resultado de fatores hereditários, é consequência de fatores ambientais que, em alguma fase do desenvolvimento da criança, atrapalharam o adequado crescimento além de ser um parâmetro de diagnóstico de desnutrição crônica.
CONCLUSÃO:Conclui-se que a observação desse estudo pretendeu subsidiar ações e discussões para intervenções apropriadas e culturalmente adaptadas à realidade local de condições de vida e de saúde, que visam a melhorias do estado nutricional da população indígenas no Brasil.
DESCRITORES: Desnutrição. Estado nutricional. Indígena. Crianças.
Association of prior lymphopenia with mortality in pneumonia: a cohort study in UK primary care
Authors: Hamilton Fergus , Arnold David , Payne Rupert 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundLymphopenia (reduced lymphocyte count) during infections, such as pneumonia, is common and is associated with increased mortality. Little is known about the relationship between lymphocyte count before developing infections and mortality risk.AimTo identify whether patients with lymphopenia who develop pneumonia have increased risk of death.Design and settingA cohort study set in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) linked to national death records, in primary care. This database is representative of the UK population and is extracted from routine records.MethodPatients aged >50 years with a pneumonia diagnosis were included from January 1998 until January 2019. The relationship between lymphocyte count and mortality was measured, using a time-to-event (multivariable Cox regression) approach, adjusted for age, sex, social factors, and potential causes of lymphopenia. The primary analysis used the most recent test before pneumonia. The primary outcome was 28-day, all-cause mortality.ResultsA total of 40 909 participants with pneumonia were included, with 28 556 having had a lymphocyte count test before pneumonia (median time between test and diagnosis was 677 days). When lymphocyte count was categorised (0–1 × 109 cells/L, 1–2 × 109 cells/L, 2–3 × 109 cells/L, >3 × 109 cells/L, never tested), both 28-day and 1-year mortality varied significantly: 14%, 9.2%, 6.5%, 6.1%, and 25%, respectively, for 28-day mortality, and 41%, 29%, 22%, 20%, and 52% for 1-year mortality. In multivariable Cox regression, lower lymphocyte count was consistently associated with increased hazard of death.ConclusionLymphopenia is an independent predictor of mortality in primary care pneumonia. Even low–normal lymphopenia (1–2 × 109 cells/L) is associated with an increase in short- and long-term mortality compared with higher counts.
Desvios fonéticos/fonológicos
Authors: Fachinello Douglas Rafael , Pires Santos Maria Elena , Rafagnin Cinthia Nayara de Lima 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma análise sincrônica de desvios ortográficos do tipo ditongação, encontrados nas produções textuais de alunos dos sétimos anos do Ensino Fundamental de colégios públicos. O referencial teórico que nos embasamos está pautado em trabalhos dos autores Cagliari (2002), Cristófaro Silva (2005), Zorzi (2006), entre outros. Ao verificar que as ocorrências desses desvios representam a transcrição das falas das comunidades em que os alunos estão inseridos, propusemos, a elaboração de uma unidade didática com atividades para possíveis intervenções pedagógicas que pudessem amenizar suas ocorrências. O resultado foi que os alunos começaram a monitorar a escrita e também a fala durante as aulas e a sugerir situações nas quais os colegas também deveriam gerenciá-las, porque criaram consciência do monitoramento, em decorrência do ambiente. A conclusão é que a unidade didática, se valendo de situações cotidianas, deu sentido à aquisição do processo de monitoramento da escrita e também da fala em situações específicas.
PENGARUH INOVASI PRODUK, SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING DAN CITRA MEREK TERHADAP MINAT BERKUNJUNG WISATAWAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP IMPULSIVE BUYING PADA SEKTOR UMKM KERAJINAN TANAH LIAT DI DESA WISATA GERABAH KASONGAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Mariah Mariah , Dara Siti Ruhana 
Published: November 2020

<p>This study aims to analyze the effect of product innovation, social media marketing and brand image on the interest of tourist visits and its impact on impulsive buying in the clay craft UMKM sector in the village of Kerabah Kasongan, Yogyakarta. This research has a type of quantitative research with 100 respondents who are consumers. clay crafts. The sampling method was purposive sampling. This study uses quantitative research methods by conducting surveys, the results of validity and reliability tests using SPSS v 20.0, and hypothesis testing is carried out using multiple linear regression methods. The results showed that product innovation had no effect on visiting interest, social media marketing had an effect on visiting interest, brand image had an effect on visiting interest and visiting interest had an effect on impulsive buying.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong> product innovation, social media marketing, brand image, impulsive buying, interest in visiting.</p>
β-Ga2O3 lateral transistors with high aspect ratio fin-shape channels
Authors: Zhang Yuewei , Mauze Akhil , Alema Fikadu , Osinsky Andrei , Itoh Takeki , Speck James S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We report on β-Ga2O3 fin-shape transistors in a lateral geometry. The fin channel devices were fabricated on MOCVD-grown lightly Si-doped (010) β-Ga2O3 films. A hot phosphoric acid etch was used to remove dry etch damage and for the fabrication of sub-micron channels. Lateral fin-channel MESFETs and MISFETs with different fin widths were systematically studied. Electron conduction in the MISFET devices was found to be dominated by electron accumulation at the dielectric/semiconductor interface. In addition, the MISFETs showed higher drain-induced barrier lowering as compared to the MESFET devices. Comparison of the MISFETs with different fin widths suggested the importance of thin fin channels for better gate control and higher breakdown voltages.
Breathing mode of relativistic twisted electron beams under periodic magnetic field
Authors: Wang Yan , Jia Chenglong , Zhang Pengming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy typically works with relativistic electron beams of energy 200–300 keV whose wavelength is on the picometer scale. Here, we study theoretically the relativistic dynamics of twisted Dirac-electron beams driven by a time-oscillating magnetic field. The spatial density distribution and the spinor wave-functions of twisted electron beams at each instant time t are obtained. It is demonstrated that the spatial density distribution of electrons can be changed periodically by the external field, whose change is very similar to the “Breathing”. Correspondingly, the azimuthal component of the current changes periodically with the magnetic field. The central “spot size” of spatial distribution of is directly related to the magnitude of the magnetic field. Our results suggest that twisted electron beams are promising for testing the magnitude and frequency of ac magnetic fields created by microsources.
Assessment of Prescription Medications for Indoor Patients and Effect of Interventions in a Medical College Hospital
Authors: Kawade Sushila , Doke Prakash , Verma Ashok Kumar 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Hospital and Research Centre in Pune, India has been a pioneer institute with 831 beds, with learned faculty, residents, and trained nursing and supportive staff. Top management decided to further improve quality and safety in patient care and accordingly felt the need to acquire accreditation under the banner of National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). As a first step toward this, a quality assurance department was established and entrusted with the task to identify areas needing improvement. “Prescription profile of medications” was identified as one of the core areas needing improvement as medication errors are mostly due to faulty prescriptions. The aim of this study was to measure the compliance of indoor patient prescriptions towards standard guidelines.

Methods
Top management of the hospital envisaged that preparing for NABH accreditations would be one of the tools for improving patient safety and quality. Hence, in addition to a quality assurance department, a separate department of clinical pharmacy and pharmacovigilance was also established, specifically to take care of medication safety, including prescription profile. Interventions were designed based on observations in the preintervention phase. Interventions included regular monitoring of prescriptions, medication safety, and repeated training sessions for physicians by the department of clinical pharmacy and quality assurance.

Results
Compliance by physicians regarding most of the components of prescriptions showed improvement. There has been a substantial reduction in medication errors (in patient days).

Conclusion
The improvement in compliance of components of prescriptions and reduction in medication errors was attributable to applied interventions.
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease, Thyroid Functions, and Thyroid Ultrasonography in Pediatric Celiac Disease
Authors: Şahin Şükrü , Şahin Filiz Demir 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To compare thyroid function tests, autoantibodies and ultrasound findings in pediatric celiac patients following a gluten-free diet with the non-celiac control group.
Material and Methods: The data of 64 celiac patients (median age 11 years) followed up with a gluten-free diet in the pediatric outpatient clinic and 143 control patients were retrospectively reviewed. The patient group consisted of 18 men, 46 women, and the control group 39 men and 103 women. The age range of the cases was 6-17 years. The duration of gluten-free diet was between three months and 15 years (median four years). The diagnosis of celiac disease was made according to the criteria of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Association of Hepatology, and Nutrition. Free thyroxin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin (anti-Tg) levels were measured. In the thyroid ultrasound, gland volume, parenchymal structure, and thyroid nodules were evaluated. The positivity of thyroid autoantibodies and a heterogeneous appearance on ultrasound were assessed in favor of thyroiditis. The findings were compared between the celiac and control groups.
Results: Autoimmune thyroid disease was seen in 12.5% of celiac patients and 4.2% of the controls (p<0.05). The rate of abnormalities in thyroid function tests was 9.3% in the celiac group and 2.8% in the control group (p=0.05). The mean thyroid volume was 3.58 ml in celiac patients and 3.95 ml in controls (p>0.05). The parenchymal heterogeneity was 12.5% in the celiac group and 2.1% in the control group (p<0.05), and the incidence of thyroid nodules was 25% and 4.2%, respectively (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid dysfunction is more frequent in children with celiac disease. In addition, heterogeneous parenchyma and thyroid nodules are more common than the normal population on ultrasound. Celiac patients should be carefully evaluated for possible thyroid disease.
Heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons contents in bottom sediments of Uglovoy Bay (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan)
Authors: ЛОСЕВ О.В. 
Published: November 2020

Проведен анализ содержания тяжелых металлов и нефтепродуктов в донных отложениях зал. Углового. В феврале 2016 г. определено высокое загрязнение тяжелыми металлами и нефтепродуктами донных отложений северной части залива. Загрязненность донных отложений залива в это время имела высокую вероятность токсичного влияния на гидробионты. С 30 на 31 августа 2016 г. на Южное Приморье обрушился тайфун Лайонрок, который сопровождался обильными осадками и паводком, что привело к коренному изменению загрязненности донных отложений в зал. Угловом. В сентябре 2016 г. накопление загрязняющих веществ установлено в горле залива, в районе устьев загрязненных рек и на участке распространения устричников. По результатам исследования донных отложений, проведенных осенью 2016 г. и зимой 2017 г., сделан вывод о значительном снижении потенциальной токсичности биотопа зал. Углового.
Analysis of heavy metals and oil products content in bottom sediments of Uglovoy Bay was carried out. In February 2016, high contamination of bottom sediments with heavy metals and oil products was determined in the northern part of the Bay. At this time contamination of bottom sediments of the Uglovoy Bay had a high probability of toxicity to hydrobionts. Content pollutants in the bottom sediments in Uglovoy Bay decreased radically, after typhoon Lionrock followed by a heavy rainfall and flood in the south coast of Primorye from 30 to 31 August 2016. In the throat of the bay, around the mouth of polluted rivers and at the oyster distribution site the accumulation of pollutants was determined in September 2016. According to the data of the sampling of bottom sediments in autumn 2016 and winter 2017 the potential toxicity of the biotope of the Bay decreased radically.
Influence of heat treatment in the presence of certain metal ions on the spectral-fluorescent properties of an amylolytic enzyme preparation
Authors: КУЛИКОВА Н.Е. , ЧЕРНОБРОВИНА А.Г. , РОЕВА Н.Н. , ПОПОВА О.Ю. 
Published: November 2020

Тепловая обработка ферментных препаратов приводит к заметному изменению их активности в результате определенных конформационных изменений в молекуле фермента. На основе изучения ультрафиолетовых спектров авторы судят об изменении полярности окружения остатков триптофана при добавлении ионов цинка, алюминия и кальция. В работе приведены результаты изучения спектров флуоресценции ферментного препарата – ультраконцентрата глюкоамилазы Asp. awamori после тепловой обработки и добавления ионов некоторых металлов для обнаружения структурных изменений в молекуле фермента при этих воздействиях. Установлено, что совместное влияние ионов металлов и теплового воздействия на водный раствор ферментного препарата ультраконцентрата глюкоамилазы Asp. awamori приводит к повышению интенсивности свечения и смещению λmax в спектрах флуоресценции ультраконцентрата глюкоамилазы Asp. awamori в область более коротких длин волн. Это указывает на увеличение гидрофобности окружения триптофана и подтверждает конформационные изменения в молекуле фермента, происходящие под действием ионов некоторых металлов и при тепловом воздействии.
The heat treatment of enzyme preparations leads to a noticeable change in their activity as a result of certain conformational changes in the enzyme molecule. On mastering the study of ultraviolet spectra, the authors judge a change in the polarity of the environment of tryptophan residues with the addition of zinc, aluminum and calcium ions. The paper presents the results of studying the fluorescence spectra of an enzyme preparation: glucoamylase ultraconcentrate Asp. awamori after heat treatment and the addition of certain ions of some metals to detect structural changes in the enzyme molecule under these influences. It was found that the combined effect of metal ions and thermal effects on the aqueous solution of the enzyme preparation of glucoamylase ultraconcentrate Asp. awamori, leads to an increase in luminescence intensity and a shift of λmax in the fluorescence spectra of Asp. awamori glucoamylase ultraconcentrate to the region of shorter wavelengths. This indicates an increase in the hydrophobicity of the tryptophan environment and provides confirmation of conformational changes in the enzyme molecule under the action of ions of certain metals and upon thermal exposure.
Ruwaza za Toni katika Vitenzi Visoukomo Changamani vya Kirombo
Authors: Mramba Peter T 
Published: November 2020

Makala haya yanahusu uchanganuzi wa ruwaza za Toni katika Vitenzi visoukomo changamani vya Kirombo. Lengo kuu la makala haya ni kuchunguza ruwaza ya ujitokezaji wa toni katika vitenzi visoukomo changamani vya Kirombo na kanuni zinazotawala utokeaji huo. Aidha, malengo mahususi: kubainisha silabi inayohusishwa na Tonijuu Msingi (kuanzia sasa TJM) na mbili, kujadili ruwaza ya utokeaji wa toni katika vitenzi visoukomo changamani vya Kirombo na kanuni zinazotawala hutokeaji huo. Data ya Makala haya imetokana na utafiti mpana uliofanywa juu ya toni katika wilaya ya Rombo (2019) ambao uliongozwa na Nadharia ya Fonolojia Vipandesauti Huru kwa kutumia Mkabala wa Tonijuu Msingi kama ulivyoasisiwa na Goldsmith (1976) na kuboreshwa na wanazuoni mbalimbali katika taaluma ya fonolojia. Aidha, mbinu za ukusanyaji data zilizotumika ni pamoja na mahojiano na ushuhudiaji. Katika mahojiano vitenzi visoukomo changamani viliandaliwa kwa Kiswahili na watoataarifa walihitajika kuvitamka kwa Kirombo huku mtafiti akirekodi na kualamisha toni katika vitenzi hivyo. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha kuwa kuna ruwaza mbalimbali za kitoni zinazoleteleza utokeaji wa kanuni za kitoni ambazo hutofautiana kutegemeana na idadi ya silabi na uwapo au kutowapo kwa yambwa. Aidha, vitenzi visoukomo changamani vya silabi moja hutawaliwa na kanuni ya uhusishaji wa toni chini na vitamkwa na sharti la ukubalifu, wakati vitenzi visoukomo changamani vya silabi mbili hadi ama tano au sita za shina hutawaliwa na kanuni ya udondoshaji wa TJM pamoja na kanuni nyingine kitoni kama vile: kanuni ya msambao wa tonijuu kuelekea kulia mwa shina, uhamaji wa TJM kutoka silabi ya kwanza kwenda katika silabi ya pili ya shina, unakiliji wa TJM katika silabi ya mwisho kasoro moja. Aidha, TJM hupachikwa katika mofimu ya yambwa kwa vitenzi visoukomo changamani vya silabi moja ya shina. Pia, matokeo yanaonesha kwamba kuna TJM mbili, yaani, ya kwanza ni ya yambwa na ya pili ikiwa ya shina, ambapo katika mchakato wa ukokotozi wa uibuzi wa toni, TJM ya shina hudondoshwa kwa kuwa yambwa ina nguvu zaidi. Makala haya yamesaidia kujua namna toni zinavyojitokeza katika vitenzi visoukomo changamani vya Kirombo kwa ujumla.
MODERN PROBLEMS OF АLPORT SYNDROME DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Bratnova Olena 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. In the practice of adult nephrologists there are cases of rare genetically caused kidney damage, in particular, Alport syndrome. This is due to the availability and improvement of instrumental diagnostic methods, timely approaches to treatment in pediatric practice, and prolongation of the pre-dialysis period.
Goal. Analysis and synthesis of new data from domestic and foreign sources on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, types of inheritance, differential diagnosis of Alport syndrome in order to improve the success of students, interns and teachers in the study of nephrological subjects.
Material and methods. Review of contemporary and foreign literary sources; techniques – description, analysis, abstracting.
Results. Alport syndrome (AS, synonym: hereditary nephritis) is non-immune genetically determined glomerulopathy caused by a mutation of genes that encode collagen type IV of basement membranes, manifested by hematuria and / or proteinuria, a progressive decreased renal function, combined with pathology of hearing and abnormalities affecting the eyes. Alport syndrome inherited type: X-linked dominant (XLAS): 85%, autosomal recessive (ARAS): 15%, autosomal dominant (ADAS): 1%.
Conclusions. Family history, electron microscopy, immunochemical analysis of type IV collagen expression are informative for verifying the diagnosis of Alport syndrome. Due to the rarity of this disease, in addition, the fact that patients often refuse kidney biopsy, it is necessary to cooperate more closely with genetic laboratories, to take measures to improve the availability of molecular analysis of mutations of collagen IV genes. In addition, it is a fact that sometimes the family history of the disease is ambiguous, unavailable for genetic analysis, and patients refuse to have a kidney biopsy. It is a motive to encourage doctors to improve their educational work with patients about safety of this analysis and its value.
БІОХІМІЧНІ КРИТЕРІЇ ОЦІНКИ СТАНУ НИРОК У ПАЦІЄНТІВ З ПЛАЗМОКЛІТИННОЮ МІЄЛОМОЮ, ПОСТРАЖДАЛИХ ВНАСЛІДОК АВАРІЇ НА ЧОРНОБИЛЬСЬКІЙ АЕС
Authors: Liubarets Tatiana 
Published: November 2020

Мета. Вивчити особливості біохімічних показників функції нирок в перебігу плазмоклітинної мієломи у пацієнтів, постраждалих внаслідок аварії на ЧАЕС.Матеріали і методи. Проаналізовано особливості перебігу захворювання у 64пацієнтів з плазмоклітинною мієломою (ПКМ), які знаходились на обстеженні та лікуванні у відділенні радіаційної онкогематології ННЦРМ протягом 2010-2017 рр. Оцінено основні клініко-лабораторні характеристики ПКМ (рівень ЛДГ, β2-мікроглобуліну, альбуміну, кальцію сироватки крові, сечовини, креатиніну та рівня гемоглобіну) з урахуванням радіаційного анамнезу (учасники ліквідації наслідків аварії на ЧАЕС, евакуйовані із зон безумовного відселення, жителі контамінованих територій та група порівняння) і стадії ПКМ за класифікацією Durie-Salmon et al. (1975) та ISS (1985).Результати. Встановлено, що у хворих на ПКМ з обтяженим радіаційним анамнезом порівняно з неопроміненими пацієнтами вірогідно зростав рівень β2-мікро-глобуліну (р=0,02) та кальцію (р=0,04). Підтверджено, що найбільш інформативними характеристиками пацієнтів з ПКМ є рівень сечовини (F = 3,58; р =0,05) та альбуміну сироватки крові (F = 4,00; р = 0,05). Підтверджено суттєвий взаємозв’язок основних показників функції нирок у обстежених, з розвитком анемії та рівнем кальцію, що залежить від ступеню остеолітичного ураження кісткової тканини.Висновки. Виявлені відмінності щодо біохімічних та клініко-гематологічних показників пацієнтів з ПКМ, постраждалих внаслідок аварії на ЧАЕС, і осіб без ускладненого радіаційного анамнезу можуть скласти підґрунтя для прогнозування ефективності перебігу захворювання і потребують подальших досліджень в даному напрямку.