bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Playing the Admission Game: Young People and Their Parents Negotiating Access or Discharge to Adolescent Inpatient Mental Health Services
Authors: Sydor Anna , Lane Rhiannon , Evans Nicola 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOnly children and young people with the highest need for mental health care or support are admitted to an inpatient setting. There has been a recent shift in emphasis with the aim of inpatient care being short and focussed, care is transferred back to the community on discharge. Little is known about what young people and their parents understand about admission and discharge criteria to these inpatient facilities.PurposeThis exploratory study aimed to explore the perspectives of young people (aged 18–25) and parents of young people regarding the reasons for their past admissions (or nonadmission) to inpatient child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS), including beliefs concerning the reasons for subsequent discharge.MethodologyData were conducted in various ways according to participant preference either in person telephone or written interview. Participants were young people (n = 5) or parents of young people (n = 5). Thematic analysis was used to identify emerging themes collaboratively.ResultsBased on the three themes that were identified: power control and choice, seeking knowledge and taking control, and conflicting notions of recovery and health we found that young people and their patents were engaged in a complex interaction in which they played the admission game; negotiating admission or discharge through behaviors and counterbalancing risks and benefits.ConclusionUnderstanding the complexity of this interaction may help professionals, including nurses to support patients and their families during the admission, care planning or discharge process and to recognize risks to prevent them escalating.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Icelandic Version of the Modified Dynamic Gait Index for Community‐Dwelling Older Adults With Balance Impairments
Authors: Arnadottir Solveig A. , Gustafsson Ragnar F. , Oskarsdottir Nina D. , Sigurdardottir Holmfridur H. , Agustsson Atli 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRationaleOptimal mobility is crucial for healthy aging, particularly among older adults with balance impairments. This research examines the psychometric properties of the modified Dynamic Gait Index (mDGI) translated into Icelandic, highlighting its suitability for evaluating mobility in this demographic group and within the context of healthy aging. Addressing the scarcity of international psychometric research on the mDGI, this study contributes to the translation of geriatric outcome measures into different languages, enhancing clinical applications and international research.AimTo assess the reliability and validity of the mDGI among Icelandic older adults experiencing balance impairments.MethodsThis methodological study included 30 participants, aged 67–91 years, receiving outpatient physical therapy for balance impairments. The participants completed two mDGI assessments 4–7 days apart, and additional assessments using the 10‐meter walking test (10MWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Activities‐specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, and Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) subscales. Analysis included evaluating the mDGI's total scale and subscales' reliability and validity using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC3,1), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Cronbach's alpha, and Spearman's rho.ResultsThe mDGI demonstrated high relative reliability (ICC3,1 = 0.95 for total mDGI; 0.73–0.92 for all subscales) and strong absolute reliability (SEM for total mDGI = 1.32; two subscales = 1.17–1.43). Internal consistency was robust (alpha for total mDGI = 0.9; two subscales = 0.86–0.89). Construct validity was confirmed by mDGI's correlations with 10MWT, TUG, and SF‐36 social and physical functioning subscales. No floor or ceiling effects were observed in mDGI total scores.ConclusionThe Icelandic version of the mDGI provides reliable and valid measures for evaluating balance and gait in older adults with balance impairments. Its sound psychometric properties support its use in similar demographic settings globally, providing a reliable tool for geriatric care practitioners and researchers worldwide.
The Effect of Two Types of Subcutaneous Heparin Injections on Pain, Ecchymosis, Hematoma and Drug Absorption: A Quasi‐Experimental Study
Authors: Bayram Sule Biyik , Gulnar Emel , Calıskan Nurcan , Kosucu Polat , Bektas Onur , Bayram Aysun , Aksoy Fatma 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSubcutaneous heparin injections sometimes cause pain, ecchymosis, and hematoma. The prevalence of complications depends on the injection site, technique, and drug absorption. This study investigated the effect of two types of subcutaneous heparin injections on pain, ecchymosis, and hematoma as well as drug absorption rates.MethodsThe study is a quasi‐experimental. The research was conducted between September 2021 and May 2022. The sample consisted of 122 patients treated in the general surgery clinic of a university hospital in the Black Sea region of Türkiye. We used ultrasonography (USG) to measure the subcutaneous tissue thicknesses of the sites before heparin injections. We used the tissue‐releasing technique (TRT) to administer heparin injections to 68 participants (Group TRT). We used the tissue‐pinching technique (TPT) to administer heparin injections to 54 participants (Group TPT). We administered all injections into the arm or abdomen. We used a “Subcutaneous Injection Form” to collect data. We monitored all participants for the injection site, drug absorption after 1 day, pain, ecchymosis, and hematoma for 3 days.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the prevalence of pain, ecchymosis, and hematoma between the groups (p > 0.05). Most injections into the arm and abdomen resulted in drug absorption. However, one in ten injections into the arm resulted in the needle reaching the muscle rather than the subcutaneous tissue (11.7%). Abdominal injections caused no complications. The drug was administered in the right place in abdominal injections.ConclusionThe tissue‐releasing and TPTs are not superior to each other as far as drug absorption, pain, ecchymosis, and hematoma are concerned. In this study recommend pinching the tissue or using the abdominal region in cases where the subcutaneous tissue thickness is less than 15.96 mm. The nurse should consider Body Mass Index before choosing the right subcutaneous heparin injection site and the correct injection technique.
A scoping review of hospital‐based geriatric‐centered interventions on trauma surgery services
Authors: Dhanani Hiba , Tabata‐Kelly Masami , Jarman Molly , Cooper Zara 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMillions of older adults (≥65) present to emergency departments for injury annually. As the population increases, so will the number of older adults admitted for trauma. Although treatment guidelines for older adults who sustain trauma exist, the evidence for quality improvement is limited. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify hospital‐based geriatric‐centered interventions that improve care for older adults admitted to trauma services.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL to identify studies related to geriatric‐centered interventions on trauma surgery services (1993–2023). Five reviewers screened studies for full‐text review based on these inclusion criteria: (1) older injured adults and/or their caregivers; (2) hospital‐based clinical interventions directed to geriatric trauma patients (e.g., frailty assessments, geriatric co‐management, triage criteria); and (3) measuring outcomes associated with geriatric trauma. We used the Donabedian quality improvement framework to categorize interventions as structures or processes.ResultsOf 2243 abstracts, 66 studies met the criteria for full‐text review, and 47 were included in the analysis. Most (64%) were single‐site retrospective cohort studies at Level 1 trauma centers. The most frequent interventions (not mutually exclusive) included geriatric‐centered teams (26%), geriatric consultation (23%), interdisciplinary rounds (17%), and medication review (11%). The most frequently measured clinical outcomes were length of stay (47%), discharge location (26%), and in‐hospital mortality (21%). Two studies (4%) measured outcomes beyond 3 months. Patient‐reported outcomes were rarely included (4%), and caregiver‐specific outcomes were not measured.ConclusionsThis scoping review demonstrates the variability in the types of geriatric‐centered interventions on trauma surgery services and their associated outcome measures. Furthermore, this review highlights evidence gaps in existing long‐term, post‐discharge outcomes and patient‐/caregiver‐reported outcomes. Given the increasing demand for high‐quality geriatric trauma care, our findings emphasize the need for evidence‐based national standards for geriatric trauma care and targeted study of outcomes germane to older adults and their caregivers.
TriHex 2.0—Advancing Skin Health Science and the TriHex Technology
Authors: Widgerow Alan D. , Ziegler Mary E. , Shafiq Faiza 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe original TriHex combination—Tripeptide‐1 and Hexapeptide‐12 (TriHex) encompasses a peptide combination selected for its ability to modulate the extracellular matrix (ECM) by progressively eliminating clumped collagen and elastin fragments and then stimulating replacement with new collagen and elastin. Incorporation of a proprietary, patent‐pending Octapeptide‐45 (Octa) to the TriHex original provides potential for added benefit based on the peptide's capacity to stimulate hyaluronic acid (HA) and its anticipated added benefit in wound healing. This is named TriHex 2.0 in the paper.Materials and MethodsA full‐scale validation process was structured to assess Octa synergy with TriHex using an ex vivo model, assessing ECM changes histologically in relation to elastin, HA and basement membrane components. In addition, gene expression studies were undertaken, including bulk and single cell sequencing analysis to assess the particular changes that occurred by adding Octa to the TriHex. Following the gene expression analysis, a further round of ex vivo studies was conducted to assess protein expression of the defined differentially expressed genes using histological staining.ResultsOcta synergized with TriHex as demonstrated by significantly upregulated genes (p < 0.05) affecting the ECM and basement membrane. A histological assessment using the ex vivo model demonstrated tropoelastin intensity significantly increasing with TriHex (43%) and 2.0 (42%) (p < 0.05 for both) compared to untreated explants. HA levels (CD44 intensity) significantly increased with TriHex (69%; p < 0.01), while TriHex 2.0 demonstrated HA levels 160% greater (p < 0.001) than the untreated tissue. Single cell sequencing identified a gene expression profile upregulation relating to ECM modulation and wound healing in both TriHex and 2.0, but TriHex 2.0 showed additional activities in basement membrane physiology, stem cell recruitment, and protection of fibroblasts against cellular senescence.ConclusionThe addition of Octapeptide‐45 to TriHex technology in the form of TriHex 2.0 is a significant advance to TriHex technology science. Both forms demonstrate ECM remodeling and positive wound healing, but supplementary benefits are evident including increased elastin and hyaluronic acid stimulation, added effects on the basement membrane, additional wound healing capacity in basal keratinocytes and anti‐senescent effects in fibroblasts. This is helpful for pre‐conditioning of the skin prior to procedures and post procedure related to additional ECM remodeling, wound healing advantages, senescent cell targeting and DEJ strengthening. Clinical studies to follow.
Detection frequency, sonoanatomy and reference values of the duodenal papillae and connected anatomical structures in cats
Authors: Leppin R. 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo describe the detection frequency, sonoanatomy and reference values of the duodenal papillae and connected anatomical structures in cats, with reference to gross anatomical and histopathological nomenclature.Materials and MethodsA prospective, case‐controlled study of sonographic examinations of the duodenal papillae in 50 client‐owned cats using an ultrasound device (Logiq E9, GE Healthcare) with a 15 MHz linear transducer.ResultsThe major duodenal papilla was found in 100% of cases, the minor duodenal papilla in 10%. The common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct could be traced to the duodenum in all of the cats. After an extramural part, in which the two ducts extend in a parallel fashion, they entered the duodenal wall. The subsequent intramural part was divided into three sections: the portio infundibularis, the portio submucosa and the major duodenal papilla. The 27 clinically healthy cats had a mean portio infundibularis length, width, and height in mm of 3.7, 2.5 and 2.2, respectively. These dimensions were 3.5, 2.1, 2.9 for the portio submucosa and 0.5, 2.1, 2.9 for the major duodenal papilla. Calculi in the major duodenal papilla were found in 12% of the cats. The course of the accessory pancreatic duct from the pancreas through the MIDP into the duodenum was documented.Clinical SignificanceThe ultrasonographic examination of the duodenal papillae is easy to perform and it can be considered part of the routine examination for feline patients presenting with relevant clinical signs, in some cases to help establish a diagnosis and plan treatment.
Meiotic crossovers revealed by differential visualization of homologous chromosomes using enhanced haplotype oligo‐painting in cucumber
Authors: Zhao Qinzheng , Xiong Zhenhui , Cheng Chunyan , Wang Yuhui , Feng Xianbo , Yu Xiaqing , Lou Qunfeng , Chen Jinfeng 
Published: December 2024

SummaryThe interaction dynamics of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, such as recognition, pairing, synapsis, recombination, and segregation are vital for species fertility and genetic diversity within populations. Meiotic crossover (CO), a prominent feature of meiosis, ensures the faithful segregation of homologous chromosomes and enriches genetic diversity within a population. Nevertheless, visually distinguishing homologous chromosomes and COs remains an intractable challenge in cytological studies, particularly in non‐model or plants with small genomes, limiting insights into meiotic dynamics. In the present study, we developed a robust and reliable enhanced haplotype oligo‐painting (EHOP) technique to image small amounts of oligos, enabling visual discrimination of homologous chromosomes. Using EHOP developed based on sequence polymorphisms and reconstructed oligonucleotides, we visually distinguished parental and most recombinant chromosomes in cucumber F1 hybrids and F2 populations. Results from EHOP revealed that meiotic CO events preferentially occur in the 30–60% intervals of chromosome arms with lower sequence polymorphisms and significant recombination bias exists between cultivated and ancestral chromosomes. Due to the occupation of extensive heterochromatin occupancy, it is not yet possible to precisely identify the meiotic COs present in the central portion of chr2 and chr4. Notably, CO accessibility was universally detected in the cytological centromere region in F2 populations, a feature rarely observed in crops with large genomes. EHOP demonstrated exceptional performance in distinguishing homologous chromosomes and holds significant potential for broad application in studying homologous chromosome interactions.
Formation of Apoplastic Barriers to Radial O₂ Loss in Rice Roots: Effects of Low‐O₂ and High‐Fe Conditions, and the Roles of Suberin, Glycerol Esters, and Iron Plaques
Authors: Jiménez Juan de la Cruz , Suresh Kiran , Zeisler‐Diehl Viktoria , Oi Takao , Takahisa Hirakawa  , Takahashi Hirokazu , Schreiber Lukas , Nakazono Mikio 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLack of O2 and high concentrations of iron (Fe) are common in flooded soils where Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is cultivated. We tested the hypothesis that growing in stagnant or high Fe conditions might induce the formation of apoplastic barriers in roots with different properties and chemical compositions. We measured radial O2 loss (ROL) from intact roots, the chemical composition of roots and the formation of root iron plaques in Fe‐sensitive and Fe‐tolerant rice genotypes grown in aerated, deoxygenated stagnant solutions or in aerated solutions containing high concentrations of Fe. Roots of plants grown in stagnant conditions developed tight barriers to ROL, while those grown in high Fe conditions developed only partial barriers. Chemical analysis of enzymatically isolated sclerenchyma/exodermal root cells indicated that roots grown in stagnant conditions showed increased amounts of suberin and glycerol esters. In contrast, roots in high Fe conditions showed an increase in suberization along with formation of iron plaques covering the roots. In high Fe conditions, exodermal suberization and the formation of partial ROL barriers were not influenced by the genotype's tolerance to Fe. The amount of O2 diffused from roots is influenced by the various layers that impede O2 diffusion. Specifically, increased amounts of glycerol esters in the suberized exodermis provide the greater resistance to ROL.
Pemphigus Vulgaris With Esophageal Involvement in an Atopic Child Successfully Treated With Dupilumab
Authors: Yun Sonora , Jenkins Blair A. , Scollan Margaret E. , Defelice Amy R. , Leiferman Kristin M. , Milner Joshua D. , Lauren Christine T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe report the case of a 3‐year‐old boy who was diagnosed with childhood pemphigus vulgaris having developed oral lesions, gastrointestinal symptoms with esophageal involvement, and failure to thrive. He had a markedly increased total serum IgE level and peripheral blood eosinophilia. The pemphigus was recalcitrant to conventional therapies and, based on the coexisting characteristics of Th2 immune deviation, he was treated with dupilumab and has had sustained clinical improvement since starting treatment. The case illustrates the importance of recognizing pemphigus vulgaris in childhood, considerations for dupilumab therapy, and a potential pathophysiological links between pemphigus autoantibodies in early life, Th2 inflammation, and atopic disorder.
Live Attenuated Vaccine Administration in Children Treated With Methotrexate or Dupilumab
Authors: Hughes Julia R. , Mehrmal Sino , Habib Sana , Williams Howard L. , Siegfried Elaine C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesA wholesale recommendation against use of live virus vaccines in patients treated with any medication classified as an immunosuppressant has been based on global theoretical concerns rather than clinical outcomes for specific drugs.MethodsA retrospective search of electronic medical records identified patients seen by the Allergy and/or Dermatology services between 2017 and 2023 at a pediatric tertiary center who received a live attenuated vaccine during the 6 week interval prior to the first prescription for methotrexate or dupilumab until 6 weeks after the last prescription for either medication. Individual charts of identified patients were manually reviewed for evidence of adverse events.ResultsThe search identified 313 pediatric patients treated with dupilumab and/or methotrexate during the 7‐year interval. Five of these patients received the combination measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine while on dupilumab and 4 while on methotrexate. Manual chart review was without evidence of adverse events for up to 6 months after immunization.ConclusionsThis retrospective search identified a small number of pediatric patients immunized with the live attenuated MMRV vaccine during concomitant treatment with dupilumab or methotrexate. No associated adverse events were identified. Further investigation is needed to establish the safety and efficacy of live vaccines in patients treated with these immunomodulating agents.
Benefits of the Topical JAK Inhibitor Delgocitinib in a Patient With Pediatric Localized Scleroderma
Authors: Yamamoto Mayuko , Nakajima Kimiko , Matsuda Mayuko , Takahashi Aya , Nakai Kozo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis is the first report of pediatric linear scleroderma successfully treated with the topical Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor delgocitinib. JAK inhibitors targeting the JAK/STAT pathway have been used to treat various immune‐mediated diseases. In both in vitro and in vivo, JAK inhibitors also block the transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β‐mediated effects that contribute to skin sclerosis. In the present case, the histological findings of inflammation and fibrosis were considered as conditions that would benefit from the anti‐inflammatory and antifibrotic effects of the JAK inhibitor, delgocitinib.
Ocular safety of 222‐nm far‐ultraviolet‐c full‐room germicidal irradiation: A 36‐month clinical observation
Authors: Sugihara Kazunobu , Kaidzu Sachiko , Sasaki Masahiro , Ichioka Sho , Sano Ichiya , Hara Katsunori , Tanito Masaki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe ocular safety of 222‐nm far‐ultraviolet‐C (UV‐C) irradiation, widely recognized for its germicidal properties, was evaluated in a clinical setting to assess its long‐term health effects on the human eye. This prospective observational study involved a 36‐month follow‐up of physicians working in an ophthalmic examination room equipped with 222‐nm UV‐C lamps. Initially, a 12‐month observation showed no signs of acute or chronic ocular damage. To further substantiate these findings, the study period was extended to 36 months, during which four participants underwent regular ocular examinations, including assessments of visual acuity, refractive error, and corneal endothelial cell density. The irradiation dose was meticulously controlled to remain within the previous threshold limit of 22 mJ/cm2 over an 8‐h period, as advised by the ACGIH prior to 2022. Results indicated no significant changes in these parameters, suggesting no clinically significant ocular hazards associated with prolonged exposure to 222‐nm UV‐C irradiation under real‐world conditions. Additionally, no delayed side effects, such as pterygium, keratopathies, or cataracts, were observed. Our study supports the safe use of 222‐nm UV‐C for microbial disinfection in occupied environments and provides a robust foundation for updated safety guidelines.
Alternaria brown spot: An emerging problem on annonaceous orchards in northeast Brazil
Authors: Veloso Josiene Silva , do Nascimento Everton Rodrigues Cavalcanti , Duarte Ingrid Gomes , dos Santos Vieira Willie Anderson , Silva Adriano Márcio Freire , de Queiroz Balbino Valdir , Doyle Vinson Patrick , Câmara Marcos Paz Saraiva 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlternaria brown spot is a leaf disease of annonaceous plants recently assigned to Alternaria alternata, a species in section Alternaria. Given the diversity in Alternaria section Alternaria and the economic importance of annonaceous plants for Brazilian fruit producers, we sought to identify the aetiological agents of Alternaria brown spot in Brazil and evaluate their aggressiveness and host associations. In addition, we compared different methods of species delimitation within section Alternaria. According to several species delimitation methods, the causal agents of Alternaria brown spot in Brazil were assigned A. alternata (clades 2 and 5), A. longipes‐like (A. gossypina and Alternaria sp. [LM 353]), A. tomato‐like (Alternaria sp. [LM 281; LM 295; LM 267], Alternaria sp. [LM 269; LM 294; LM 306] and Alternaria sp. [LM 272]), A. jacinthicola and a new species, A. annonacearum. All lineages were pathogenic to sugar apple and soursop, though less aggressive on the latter, irrespective of the host from which they were isolated. This study brings information that may help both researchers and fruit producers to distinguish Alternaria brown spot from other fungal diseases on annonaceous plants and ultimately develop better management approaches.