bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De NovoAssembly of the Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) Genome Reveals Candidate Regulatory Regions for Sexually Dichromatic Red Plumage Coloration
Authors: Sin Simon Yung Wa , Lu Lily , Edwards Scott V 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNorthern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) are common, mid-sized passerines widely distributed in North America. As an iconic species with strong sexual dichromatism, it has been the focus of extensive ecological and evolutionary research, yet genomic studies investigating the evolution of genotype–phenotype association of plumage coloration and dichromatism are lacking. Here we present a new, highly-contiguous assembly for C. cardinalis. We generated a 1.1 Gb assembly comprised of 4,762 scaffolds, with a scaffold N50 of 3.6 Mb, a contig N50 of 114.4 kb and a longest scaffold of 19.7 Mb. We identified 93.5% complete and single-copy orthologs from an Aves dataset using BUSCO, demonstrating high completeness of the genome assembly. We annotated the genomic region comprising the CYP2J19 gene, which plays a pivotal role in the red coloration in birds. Comparative analyses demonstrated non-exonic regions unique to the CYP2J19 gene in passerines and a long insertion upstream of the gene in C. cardinalis. Transcription factor binding motifs discovered in the unique insertion region in C. cardinalis suggest potential androgen-regulated mechanisms underlying sexual dichromatism. Pairwise Sequential Markovian Coalescent (PSMC) analysis of the genome reveals fluctuations in historic effective population size between 100,000–250,000 in the last 2 millions years, with declines concordant with the beginning of the Pleistocene epoch and Last Glacial Period. This draft genome of C. cardinalis provides an important resource for future studies of ecological, evolutionary, and functional genomics in cardinals and other birds.
Method to Obtain a Vector of Hyperparameters: Application in Bernoulli Trials
Authors: Torres Ome Llerzy Esneider , Tovar Cuevas Jose Rafael 
Published: August 2020

The main diﬃculties when using the Bayesian approach are obtaining information from the specialist and obtaining hyperparameters values of the assumed probability distribution as representative of knowledge external to the data. In addition to the fact that a large part of the literature on this subject is characterized by considering prior conjugated distributions for the parameter of interest. An method is proposed to ﬁnd the hyperparameters of a nonconjugated prior distribution. The following scenarios were considered for Bernoulli trials: four prior distributions (Beta, Kumaraswamy, Truncated Gamma and Truncated Weibull) and four scenarios for the generating process. Two necessary, but not suﬃcient conditions were identiﬁed to ensure the existence of a vector of values for the hyperparameter. The Truncated Weibull prior distribution performed the worst. The methodology was used to estimate the prevalence of two transmitted sexually infections in an Colombian indigenous community.
On Predictive Distribution of K-Inﬂated Poisson Models with and Without Additional Information
Authors: Sadeghkhani Abdolnasser , Ahmed S. Ejaz 
Published: August 2020

This paper addresses diﬀerent approaches in ﬁnding the Bayesian predictive distribution of a random variable from a Poisson model that can handle count data with an inﬂated value of K ∈ N, known as the KIP model. We explore how we can use other source of additional information to ﬁnd such an estimator. More speciﬁcally, we ﬁnd a Bayesian estimator of future density of random variable Y1 , based on observable X1 from the K1 IP(p1 , λ1 ) model, with and without assuming that there exists another random variable X2 , from the K2 IP(p2 , λ2 ) model, independent of X1 , provided λ1 ≥ λ2 , and compare their performance using simulation method.
Supervision as Possibility of Professional Development for Pedagogues
Authors: Abromaitienė Laima 
Published: August 2020

In the world practice the supervision – the consulting for professional practice – has been considered to be the necessary part of the professional activity for more than 50years. In the professional community of Lithuanian pedagogues the supervision was proved for the first time in 2011. The aim of the article – is to present the experience of Lithuanian pedagogues in supervision and to disclose what possibilities for professional development the supervision provides for the people performing pedagogical work, whether it is acceptable as the form for the qualification refreshment.
A contemporary pedagogue faces a lot of tension, stress due to different social, economic, psycho - emotional, managerial factors, which enlarge the probability of professional blow-out, dissatisfaction with the work. Thus the people performing the pedagogical work need to have the possibility to professionally discuss, and reflect their professional experience. The form suggested for pedagogues to improve their qualification is oriented to the development of professional competences, i.e. what else a pedagogue should learn to do better in his / her work. The following question emerges: what help is necessary for the pedagogue as personality, human being so that he / she could work better? At present in the field of pedagogues’ development field it is searched for new experiences, methods. The Education Development Centre performs the project ‘The Development of Pedagogues’ qualification and Requalification System’; 369 pedagogues tested the group supervision as new form for qualification development in 2011. The empirical quantitative and qualitative research has been performed; its sample consists of 144 respondents. They are the pedagogues of different Lithuanian schools, who have participated in the supervision process. The analysis of the research results has shown that the pedagogues who took part in the group supervision insight the provided personal, cognitive, professional benefit of the supervision; they value its emotional and professional support and recognize the supervision as the appropriate way for professional development. It is possible to consider the changed viewpoint, new understanding, acquired knowledge, emerged clarity how to change old repeated problematic situation or relations, and initiative for real actions as the improvement result.
Strategies of Developing General Competencies of Pre-service Teachers of Music
Authors: Lasauskienė Jolanta 
Published: August 2020

According to the Lithuanian and foreign experience of educationalists, the present article discusses possibilities of developing general competencies of pre-service teachers of music by applying the project method. The research is related to analysis of opportunities to improve students’ competencies of reflection and learning to learn, as well as communication and cooperation.
The problem of the research formulated: in what way and what impact project activities can exert on general competencies of future teachers of music; what are the basic strategies for developing general competencies of students involved in music pedagogy.
The purpose of the research is to highlight basic strategies of developing general competencies of pre - service teachers of music.
The methods of the research are as follows: analysis of scientific literature and documents, educational project, written student reflections, qualitative content analysis.
Conclusions: The most important strategies connected with future music teacher general competencies by means of musical activity are related to the following: 1) promotion of students’ independent involvement in musical project activities (by strengthening the practice of socially important musical activities); 2) strengthening of teacher - student cooperation; 3) encouragement of learners to reflect and self - assess their own activities.
Application of strategies related to development of general competencies during the educational project helped to fi various features connected with development of the competencies discussed above. It can be stated that the application of foreseen education strategies in project activities could have influenced the development of general competencies of future music teachers.
While improving the study programmes for future music teachers, it is important to pay more attention to reflective teaching (learning) strategies and methods. While organizing project activities, it is advised to use the partnership based principles of pedagogy, which are validated on esteem, confidence and cooperation. While enhancing the independent student‘s involvement into musical project activities, it is advised to give the alternatives for students of activity selection.
Learner Development in Education for the Future
Authors: Žadeikaitė Loreta , Petruškevičiūtė Auksė 
Published: August 2020

Doctor Meilė Lukšienė, pioneer of education reform and founder of the national school, recognized the changes in the educational curriculum to be the main area of reform in the Lithuanian education system and gave her insights about the concept of education and the changes in the educational curriculum. This article analyses the way M. Lukšienė’s ideas are reflected in the Lithuanian education system, including the influence her ideas had on the changes in the educational curriculum on both theoretical/legislative and practical levels.
The article provides a review of the evolution of the curriculum concept based on M. Lukšienė’s ideas. Productive learning, an example relating to constructing the curriculum process of alternative education, is presented; it combines learning at school which must be responsive to individual needs, with learning in real life, i.e. sites of practical training (production sites, organizations, offices). This form of education is being implemented within the Alternative Education project in three Lithuanian schools. Productive learning is presented as a novelty in the education system. The evaluation made by both teachers and students of the changes that occurred within the first year of implementing productive learning is presented in the article. Methods of research applied: descriptive analysis of scientific literature and legal documents, including creative content analysis.
The results of research revealed that productive learning helps students overcome their fear of school, improves student achievement and attendance, generates new possibilities for students to discover their hidden talents and express them, creates conditions for students to form a healthy relationship with their environment, and enables teachers to enjoy success in their pedagogical efforts.
This educational innovation requires further reinforcement at all levels, including the strengthening of school communities by creating a unique curriculum process and scientific research to make these innovations available to other educational establishments.
The Crossroad of Technology: Does IBW Develops The Creativity Of Elementary School Students?
Authors: Pečiuliauskienė Palmira , Saylik Agnė 
Published: August 2020

The article discusses the possibilities of the development of creative writing skills of primary school pupils while using interactive whiteboard. Creative writing skills are described with respect to the features of creative thinking: anticipation of the title of narrative corresponding to the essence of the story (originality); disclosure of the topic of narrative according to the number of statements described (elaboration); logic and sequence of narrative (flexibility); structure of narrative and anticipation of its main parts (fluency).
The problem of the research is to determine how application of interactive whiteboard in educational practice effects creative writing skills of primary school pupils. The object of the research is the development of creative writing skills of primary school pupils while using interactive whiteboard. The research aims at evaluating the influence of the use of interactive whiteboard as an additional learning tool to the improvement of creative writing skills of primary school pupils.
The study conducted by authors during Lithuanian language lessons in primary grades showed that interactive whiteboard can have a positive effect on pupils’ creative writing skills if it is used as addition rather than an alternative tool. This was ensured by authors’ chosen methods of teaching narrative writing: interactive whiteboard was used as a traditional board during the first three lessons while the forth lesson was dedicated to interactive teaching with the full use of interactive whiteboard and its possibilities. Results show that educational effectiveness of interactive whiteboard to pupils’ creative writing skills depends on the appropriate use of its complex components in educational practice.
Meilė Lukšienė through the Eyes of Young Researchers
Authors: Barkauskaitė Marijona , Karužaitė Daiva 
Published: August 2020

Meilė Lukšienė, the initiator of Lithuanian education system reform, has named PhD students of education science as the hope for the further development of democracy process by doing everybody‘s job. The object of this research is the relation between young researchers and the ideas proclaimed by Meilė Lukšienė. The purpose of this article is theoretical and empirical revelation of the relation between young researchers and the ideas proclaimed by Meilė Lukšienė.
Methods of the research include analysis of scientific literature of Meilė Lukšienė and about her; empirical quantitive research (case study) and statistical data analysis. The empirical research was carried out in 2013 and included 19 PhD students of education science from Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences.
“Family. Oh! The Family!” – Portrayals of Family as an Educational Environment in Selected Literary Works from the 19th And 20th Centuries
Authors: Gandecka Kamila 
Published: August 2020

The family, as the basic microstructure of social life, constitutes, at the very least by supposition, the first and foremost educational environment of a child; an environment which should correspond to the child’s natural needs, especially psychological ones, such as the need for love, unconditional acceptance, the need for respect and recognition, activity, independence, and self-realization [9]. This why M. Lukšienė states, “A good family home is the basis of human physical and spiritual life; it guarantees one’s efficient, creative activity”.
The parents’ worldview plays an important role in education, providing an answer to the fundamental questions concerning our existence: Who am I? What sense does my life have? What is the goal of my life? What ideals and rules of action do I represent? What is the world and my place within it? Undoubtedly, a variety of factors affect the shaping of a young person’s worldview, among them school, religion, ideology, the level of social development, social organization, the particular historical period in which the person lives, as well as certain individual psychological predispositions. Nevertheless, parents have always played the pivotal role in the shaping of children’s worldview. Parents prepare their children for an independent life in society by teaching them values, norms, models of behavior, and cultural customs. In this way, parents fulfil their function as a microstructure, fulfilling aims that support the macrostructure.
Beginning with the second half of the 19th century, the notion of the family becomes one of the main themes in Polish literature, appearing in the works of such authors as Bolesław Prus, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Eliza Orzeszkowa, Stefan Żeromski, Władysław Reymont, and Maria Konopnicka. Moreover, the literary representation of the family as an educational environment of a child is also often evoked in the theoretical musings of professionals in the field of education. Thse professionals include Helena Radlińska, Jerzy Ostrowski, Janusz Korczak, and Aleksandra Kamiński.
In conclusion, the broadly defined notion of family is, without question, universal and timeless. As an area of scholarly inquiry, it requires an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses all possible perspectives.
Some of primary school students artistic individuality recognition aspects
Authors: Sidabrienė Jurga 
Published: August 2020

Then a child is creating, he is expressing individuality of emotions and attitudes towards the world around him. Art teacher’s task – the language of art is to help learners focus on contemporary cultural change, the emotional relationship with the art of promoting individual maturity. Student’s individuality search by observing the creative process and analysis of his work – is the chosen theme and novelty implies a problem. The aim and objectives determine the student’s knowledge of the possibilities of artistic individuality of elementary school art education process; provide individualision artistic conception; reveal the teacher‘s artistic and psychological skills required for artistic indiduality student learning and development, the importance of interaction and to name that individuality ways of understanding the art education process.Artistic individuality identified as the author of many traits (creativity, originality, rich imagination, generation of ideas and originality, emotionality, artistry) as a whole. It will be divided into multiple artistic individualities types emotional – intuitive, reflex – the intellectual, the active – will power Artistic personality course of development can improve. Formation of student artistic individuality is heavily influenced by art teacher accumulated pedagogical – psychological and artistic skills targeting the individual student’s abilities, skills, and dispositions search.This article identifies a student‘s individuality and cognitive aspects, seen through the emotional needs (work caused the expression of feelings through the mood, theme-making, survival situation and specific circumstances); over interpretations and repetitions, released by the expression of ideas and drawings of their relationship with the child’s psychological state and analysis through passive student‘s expression of his opinion monitoring and assessing the observancion of creativity, friendly conversation form of an exploration of what it means its design, choice of colors, plot, mood piece, through the student’s personal communication environment and search for creative reflection analysis, observing how the child accepts the feedback. Recommendations of the feedback above article include all discussed aspects the child‘s cognitive aspects of artistic individuality.Modern art education is based on the diffusion of artistic and pedagogical-psychological competencies interaction. The study revealed a significant part of the psychological art teacher excellence and artistic literacy and the lack of artistic individuality disrupting students learning process. Meanwhile, the art teacher’s ability to know the student as artistic individuality, the interpretation and evaluation of his work, helping him to participate in the student personality development process.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Seasonal Influenza Vaccination among Dialysis Facilities in the United States
Authors: Danziger John , Weinhandl Eric , Friedman David , Mukamal Kenneth J. 
Published: August 2020

Significance Statement
The current COVID-19 pandemic heightens the urgency of understanding current barriers to universal vaccination among patients with ESKD. Although studies have reported racial and ethnic disparities in vaccination, these disparities have not been investigated among patients with ESKD. In a study of how the proportion of Black and Hispanic patients in dialysis facilities affects those facilities’ rates of seasonal influenza vaccination, the authors found important racial and ethnic disparities, which seem to be worsening over time. Understanding and addressing these disparities will be important in preparing for any future widespread vaccination programs, as might be expected in response to COVID-19.

Background
Racial and ethnic disparities in vaccination rates for seasonal influenza exist. Whether such disparities extend to patients with ESKD, who simultaneously are at risk for complications of infection and have extensive contact with health care providers, has not been investigated.

Methods
To determine whether the proportion of patients vaccinated at a dialysis facility differs according to the facility’s racial and ethnic composition, we examined dialysis facility data reported to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. The main outcome was the proportion of facility patients vaccinated for influenza among 6735 Medicare-certified facilities operating between 2014 and 2017.

Results
Among dialysis facilities, the mean percentage of patients vaccinated during the influenza season was 72.1%. Facilities with higher proportions of Black and Hispanic patients had significantly lower vaccination percentages than less diverse facilities. The average proportion of patients vaccinated at each facility decreased significantly from 2014 to 2017 (a decrease of 1.05% vaccinated per year) and decreased significantly more so among facilities with higher minority proportions. The share of vaccinated patients in facilities in the quartile with the highest proportion of Black patients decreased 1.21% per year compared with a decrease of 0.88% per year in facilities in the quartile with the lowest proportion of Black patients. We found similar trends for Hispanic patients.

Conclusions
Rates of seasonal influenza vaccination are modestly but significantly lower among dialysis facilities with larger proportions of minority patients, and the gap seems to be widening over time. As wide-scale vaccination efforts grow more urgent amid the current COVID-19 pandemic, these disparities must be addressed to protect patients and communities equitably.
Individualized correction of sex steroid deficiency in early postmenopausal women with uterine leiomyoma
Authors: Koval M. V. , Oboskalova T. A. 
Published: August 2020

Aim: to develop individualized options for correcting sex steroid deficiency in early postmenopausal patients with uterine leiomyoma.Materials and Methods. 180 postmenopausal patients with uterine leiomyoma were examined. To correct menopausal manifestations, patients were prescribed: Group 1 (n = 60) – low-dose drug estradiol 1 mg/drospirenone 2 mg, Group 2 (n = 60) – ultra-low-dose drug estradiol 0.5 mg/drospirenone 0.25 mg, Group 3 (n = 60) – patients refused to take menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). Clinical and anamnestic, laboratory and instrumental examination was carried out by assessing vasomotor and genitourinary symptoms. Special attention was paid to ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs with Dopplerometry of the intratumoral vessels.Results. The vasomotor manifestations of menopausal syndrome in postmenopausal patients with uterine leiomyoma were effectively relieved with drug containing 17β-estradiol/drospirenone, regardless of component dosage (RR = 0.25). The size of nodes in uterine leiomyoma type 2–6 according to classification of The International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (FIGO) as well as Dopplerometry data in the uterine artery in postmenopausal women showed no changes after 9-month use of 17β-estradiol/drospirenone. In Group 1, increased vascularization intensity (RR = 1.4) and decreased peripheral vascular resistance in intranodular vessels were revealed in 6 % patients.Conclusion. The use of MHT drugs at varying component doses did not enlarge size of leiomyoma nodes nor affected hemodynamic parameters in the uterine arteries during 6-month-treatment. However, while prolonging MHT duration, it increased vascularization of myoma nodes assessed by measuring intranodular blood flow, increased vascularization and decreased resistance index after administering low-dose vs. ultra-low-dose MHT therapy that should be taken into account upon planning therapeutic regimen and its timeframe.