bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Konflik Komunal Antar Warga NU dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa Jermun Kecamatan Pampangan tahun 2016
Authors: Suhadi polis Suhadi 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini membahas bagaimana konflik komunal yang terjadi di Desa jermun dalam pemeilihan kepala desa pada tahun 2016, masyarakat yang berkonflik dalam mendukung kader Nahdlatul Ulama yang berkontestasi merebutkan kekuasan untuk menjadi kepala desa di Desa Jermun.
Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini yang pertama, bagaiamana kedudukan dan peran strategis Nahdlatul Ulama di Desa Jermun. kedua, bagaimana konflik komunal yang terjadi dalam kontestasi pilkades di Desa Jermun. Dalam dua rumusan masalah ini peneliti mencari akar dari permaslahan konflik yang terjadi.
Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi pustaka dan studi kasus untuk menjawab rumusan masalah. Tehnik pengumpulan data dengan dilakukan dengan cara mencari buku yang relevan denga penelitian ini dan dengan wawancara tiga pasang calon yang ikut kontestasi politik, engan masyarakat-masayarakat Desa Jermun.
THE CONCEPT OF 'IHDAD HUSBAND WHO LIVED WITH THEIR WIFE (ANALYTICAL STUDY OF QIRAAH MUBADALAH'S INTERPRETATION)
Authors: Syahriyati Laili Izza 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of the research is implementation of ihdad husband whose wife died. The interpretation of ihdad was assessed as gender biased because it only talks about women. Women whose husbands die have a period of iddah and ihdad. Al-Quran texts and hadith explain about some of the prohibitions of ihdad women. Classical Fiqh has nothing to say about ihdad for husbands. Next about ihdad husband will relation with Qiraah mubadalah. This research uses this type of research Yuridis-Normative. Qiraah mubadalah expalin about method of interpretation with in parallel subject text. That is Islamic texts that discuss the subject of women and men have the same meaning. the implementation of ihdad has a main goal is remember and respect and protect the feelings of the family who died. If hikmatuttasyri like that and then ihdad law not only apply to women, but applies also to men.
Bayesian Multilevel Analysis of Stunting Status among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Ethiopia
Authors: Abdulkedir Munira 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Stunting is a public health problem that can pose a serious threat to global health because it can lead to less optimal growth and development potential. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of stunting and identified the various possible factors associated with stunting status among children aged 6–59 months in Ethiopia by using Bayesian Multilevel Analysis.
Methods

The descriptive result revealed that 8640 Children’s considered in the analysis, also showed that in Ethiopian Children’s who live in Afar and Amhara regions were more than other regions in prevalence of stunting. Bayesian multilevel binary logistic regression of random 3 coefficient models were employed for data analysis based on the selection of smallest value of DIC.
Result

From these models, place of residence, educational attainment of women, husband educational level, sex of child, age of child, Size at birth, body mass index of mothers, household wealth index and birth order are significant factors.
Conclusion

The Bayesian multilevel random coefficients model was better fit than empty and random intercept. The variance of the random component related to the coefficient model was implying regional variations in stunting status of children among the regions in the country.
Construct Validity of The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk in the Long-term Care Setting: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Secondary Data
Authors: Schumacher Petra , Mueller Gerhard 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background: The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk (Braden Scale) is based on the conceptual model by Braden and Bergstrom. The scale’s psychometric properties have been tested with different methods of classical test theory; however, there is limited research on the construct validity of the scale. Therefore, this study aimed to test the construct validity of the Braden Scale with structural equation modeling (SEM) in the long-term care setting in Austria. Methods: Secondary analysis of 311 residents’ medical records were completed with SmartPLS. A formative-formative model was derived to evaluate the relationships between the measurement and latent variables of the Braden Scale. For checking the prerequisite tests for the SEM, a standard Partial Least Squares algorithm and a bootstrap procedure were used to estimate the significance of the model estimates. After calculating composite reliability of the total Braden Scale score, the overall formative-formative model was assessed for convergent and discriminant validity with the average variance extracted index (AVE) and Fornell-Larcker-Crtiterion (FLC) as well as Standardized Root Mean Square Residual fit index (SRMR).Results: The outer weights revealed a middle positive effect for the subscale friction and shear (β = 0.600); for all other subscale items, a weak positive effect (β = 0.261 – 0.430) on the two latent constructs Pressure and Tissue Tolerance. The inner weights showed a weak effect for the construct Tissue Tolerance (β = 0.423) and a middle effect for Pressure (β = 0.655) to the second order construct Pressure Sore Development. The latent construct was satisfactory reliable. The Braden Scale model was convergent (AVE = 0.579) and discriminant valid (FLC Pressure = 0.954; FLC Tissue Tolerance = 0.886). The model itself had a fit of SRMR = 0.146.Conclusions: The overall assessment of the Braden Scale show that both constructs (Pressure and Tissue Tolerance) are valid in themselves and describe the overall construct Pressure Sore Development equally valid. The separation of the items into the two latent constructs Pressure and Tissue Tolerance, might be reasonable and should be focus of further nursing research.
Understanding the interaction properties of an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor on Zn (1 1 0) surface: Comprehensive DFT-based MD simulation
Authors: Rahmanzadeh Atyeh , Rezvani Mahyar , Ganji Masoud Darvish 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Regarding the deleterious effects of corrosion for a wide range of metals and alloys, many different techniques have been developed to protect the metals against corrosion. Utilizing organic inhibitors, especially those that contain heteroatoms and multiple bonds has been found an effective approach. In this research, the adsorption of a novel green inhibitor, Laurhydrazide N′-propan-3-one (LHP), on the Zn (110) surface was investigated using dispersion corrected DFT calculations. Interaction energy and electronic structures were calculated for different orientations of the inhibitor toward the Zn surface. The validity of calculated interaction energy has been verified by the MP2 level of theory. The AIM theory analysis revealed that LHP bound strongly to the Zn surface through its O active site and also its orientation affects greatly the interaction energy. Furthermore, diffusion of LHP through its O atoms active sites was observed with the state-of-the-art DFT-MD simulation during the simulation procedure that agrees well with the experiments for similar molecules adsorbed on the metal surfaces. The presented findings afford a vital insight into the interactive nature of adsorbed inhibitors on metallic surfaces and will help to develop advanced functional materials in coating technologies.
Incidence and Determinants of Newborn Mortality in the First Three Days of Delivery in Northwestern Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Worke Mulugeta , Mekonnen Afework , Limeneh Simachew 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Addressing the target of sustainable development goals of reducing perinatal mortality was still a global challenge, and it is a concern in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study planned to determine the incidence and determinants of neonatal mortality in the first three days among babies delivered in Amhara Regional State’s referral hospitals. Methods: A hospital-based prospective cohort study design was conducted among 810 neonates in the first three days of delivery between March 1 and August 30, 2018. The neonates were followed, starting from the time of admission to 72 hours. An interviewer-administered questionnaire and medical record review were conducted for data collection. Data were entered into Epi-data manager version 4.4 and analyzed using STATA™ version 16.0 for the analysis. Cox-Proportional hazard model was used to determine the survival time of the newborns. Results: The overall incidence of newborn mortality in this study was 151/1,000 births. Neonatal mortality was significantly high among newborns whose mothers came between 17 and 28 weeks of gestation for the first visit; among those whose mothers labour was not monitored with a partograph, mothers experience postpartum haemorrhage, develop fistula in the first 24 hours, and experience obstructed labour. However, 39% were less risky among newborns whose mothers were directly admitted and whose mothers had visited health facilities in less than 1-hour, both. Conclusions: This study revealed that about 1 in 7 newborns died in the early three days of life. Timing of the first antenatal visit, quality of labour monitoring, maternal complications, and delay in seeking the care were the determinants. Thus, scaling-up of evidence-based interventions and harmonized efforts to improve antenatal care quality, promote institutional deliveries, provide optimal essential and emergency obstetric care, and ensure immediate postnatal care may improve neonatal survival.
Jianpi Qinghua Formula Reduced Intramyocellular Lipids (IMCLs) by Inhibiting Excessive Activation of mTORC1
Authors: Han Xv , Chen Qingguang , Liu Yahua , Xv Junfei , Lu Hao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:IMCLs are an important factor in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. This study aimed to explore the effect of Jianpi Qinghua formula (JPQHF) on IMCLs and its mechanism, as well as the relationship between IMCLs and other skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity factors, thereby elucidating the mechanism by which JPQHF improves insulin sensitivity.Methods: In an in vivo experiment, JPQHF and pioglitazone (PIO) were individually used to treat C57 mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity. In an in vitro experiment, JPQHF and rapamycin in serum were individually used to treat C2C12 cells induced with palmitic acid. The IMCLs of tissue and cells were subjected to oil red O staining. The RNA and protein expression of PPARγ, myogenin, mTORC1 and members of the PI3K/AKT pathway in skeletal muscle tissue and C2C12 cells was examined. Differences between the different intervention groups were determined.Results: IMCLs were significantly increased in mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet and the C2C12 cell line treated with palmitic acid compared to the corresponding controls. mTORC1 phosphorylation and PPARγ levels were also increased, and AKT phosphorylation and myogenin levels were decreased. Intervention with JPQHF reversed the above changes. In addition, the PPARγ level in C2C12 cells was reduced after intervention with rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1. However, AKT phosphorylation and myogenin levels did not recover after rapamycin intervention.Conclusion: IMCLs were significantly increased in obese C57 mice and palmitic acid-treated C2C12 cells. JPQHF reduced IMCLs both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, this effect likely occurred through JPQHF-mediated inhibition of the overactivation of mTORC1 and a subsequent reduction in the expression of PPARγ. However, the function of JPQHF in elevating myogenin levels and the PI3K/AKT pathway may not be entirely dependent on mTORC1.
Predictive Value of Charlson Comorbidity Index and Cofactors on 2-Year Mortality in Older Patients With Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Xu Jianda , Yasuhiro Homma , Jinnai Yuta , Baba Tomonori , Xu Zhuang , Watari Taiji , Banno Sammy , Kaneko Kazuo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Charlson comorbidities index (CCI) and cofactors on 2-year mortality in older patients with intertrochanteric fractures. 60 cases with unilateral intertrochanteric fracture were retrospectively analyzed and divided into Low-CCI group (CCI: 1-4) or high-CCI groups (CCI: 5-6). All the patients’ electronic hospital records were reviewed. The preoperative situations (demographic data, comorbidities and fracture conditions), perioperative situations (wait time, operation time, implant choice, blood loss, transfusion or not) and postoperative situations (complications, first time out of bed, function about 1-/2- week and 2-year mortality) were recorded. 51.67% were in low-CCI group and 48.33% in high-CCI group. The survival rates in low- and high-CCI group were 93.5% and 86.2 % respectively. According to the functional results of 1- or 2- week after operation, no significant difference was found (P=0.955, 0.140). Log-rank analysis showed that the main prognostic factors were blood loss, first time out of bed and complication (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis confirmed that complication and first time out of bed were significant factor on survival rate (P=0.029, 0.010). Charlson comorbidities index maybe not the indicator of 2-year mortality in older patients with intertrochanteric fractures. In order to improve the prognosis, more attentions should be paid to reduce the complications and encourage postoperative earlier excise out of bed.
Study of Lipid Heterogeneity on Bilayer Membranes Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Sastry G. Narahari , Kumar Nandan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Human cell membranes consist of various lipids that are essential for their structure and function. Several experimental techniques have been used to characterize the composition of human cell membranes; however, it is challenging task to depict in theoretical calculations. In this work, we have investigated the structure-function relationship of lipids in both homogeneous and heterogeneous bilayer models using Molecular-Dynamics to delineate the effect of heterogeneity on the biophysical properties of membranes. Results illustrated that the biophysical properties of heterogeneous membranes are dependent on the lipid composition and concentration. We observed that the presence of cholesterol in combination with other lipids, introduced compactness of the membrane, increasing the membrane thickness. The density of lipid head group, phosphate, and glycerol-ester in presence of cholesterol with or without sphingomyelin is an underlying reason for membrane ordering. The radial distribution function shows that the cholesterol, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylethanolamine self-interaction and the interaction between cholesterol and phosphatidylethanolamine determine the structure and function of the heterogeneous membrane. Our findings provide a baseline for membrane heterogeneity that would help in understanding the physiological properties of membranes and may help to wisely select the heterogeneous bilayer model to mimic the realistic human cell membranes and the associated phenomenon.
Coarse-grained Simulation of Anionic Surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Authors: Jia Xiang-feng , Chen Jing-fei , Ren Hui-xue , Wang Qi , Xu Wen , Ma Yong-shan , Li Xue-mei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Through analyzing the deficiency of the current coarse-grained (CG) model, a new CG model for the ionic surfactant was proposed based on the Martini force field and iterative Boltzmann inversion method. In this model, the electrostatic interaction can be tackled by using a self-defined piecewise function to avoid the disadvantage of using coarse-grained solvents, and the VDW interaction parameters were derived by iterative methods. Using the improved model, the radial distribution function of NaCl and SDS solution in all-atom OPLS can be completely reproduced. The successful setup of the new coarse-grained model provides a good example of the construction of a high-precision coarse-grained force field.
Relationship of The Knee Extensor Strength But Not The Quadriceps Femoris Muscularity With Sprint Performance in Sprinters: A Reexamination and Extension
Authors: Hori Miyuki , Suga Tadashi , Terada Masafumi , Tanaka Takahiro , Kusagawa Yuki , Otsuka Mitsuo , Nagano Akinori , Isaka Tadao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study examined the relationships of the knee extensor strength and quadriceps femoris size with sprint performance in sprinters. Methods: Fifty-eight male sprinters and 40 body size-matched male non-sprinters participated in this study. The knee extensor isometric and isokinetic strengths were measured using a dynamometer. The isokinetic strength measurements were performed with slow and fast velocities at 60°/s and 180°/s, respectively. The quadriceps femoris muscle volume (MV) was measured using magnetic resonance imaging. The relative values of the knee extensor strengths and quadriceps femoris MV were normalized to body mass.Results: The absolute and relative values of the two velocity isokinetic strengths, but not of isometric strength, of the knee extension were significantly higher in sprinters than in non-sprinters (both Ps < 0.05). Such a significant difference was also observed for the relative quadriceps femoris MV (P = 0.018). In sprinters, there were significant correlations between all three knee extensor strengths and quadriceps femoris MV (r = 0.421 to 0.531, all Ps £ 0.001). The absolute and relative strengths of the fast-velocity isokinetic knee extension correlated with personal best 100-m sprint time (r = -0.477 and -0.409, respectively, both Ps £ 0.001). By contrast, no significant correlations were observed between absolute and relative quadriceps femoris MVs and personal best 100-m sprint time. Conclusions: These findings suggest that despite the presence of the relationship between muscle strength and size, the knee extensor strength may be related to superior sprint performance in sprinters independently of the quadriceps femoris muscularity.
Processing of Human Nerve Growth Factor β Proprotein in the Plant Cell Apoplast
Authors: Zangi Maryam , Ofoghi Hamideh , Ehsani Parastoo , Shokri Fazel , Ghotloo Somayeh , Fahmideh Foad 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Human HNGF-β gene encodes a pre-pro-NGF-β precursor protein. The signal peptide is cleaved off in the endoplasmic reticulum and the resulting pro-protein is processed in the trans-Golgi network by the Furin enzyme.The processing of the proproteins in the plant cells is not clearly defined. In the present study, various changes were applied to the HNGF-β gene sequence to increase its expression in the plant cells. The construct containing the synthesized Plant NGF-β gene was agro-infiltrated into the Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Thereafter, the expression of various forms of the recombinant NGF-β and its processing was evaluated using dot blot, western blot, and RP-HPLC analyses. Finally, the biological activity of the mature NGF-β purified from the apoplast was assessed on the differentiation of PC12 cells and the expression of tetanus toxin receptors on their surfaces.Dot blot and western blot results showed that the total soluble proteins extracted from the plant leaves and the apoplast extract contained pro-NGF-β and mature NGF-β proteins, respectively. The RP-HPLC results reconfirmed the presence of the mature NGF-β in the apoplast extract. The amount of the mature NGF-β produced in the plant leaves was estimated to be about 39µg/g of the fresh leaves. A gradual increase in the length and number of the neurites of the differentiated PC12 cells was showed upon treatment with the mature NGF-β. Immunofluorescence experiments showed that the FITC-labeled tetanus toxin strongly bound to PC12 cells treated with mature NGF-β. This modification shows a very important advantage for plants to produce valuable biosimilar pharmaceutical proteins from precursor without applying biochemical or co-expression of modifying enzymes.
Peripheral Uric Acid as a Biomarker in Individuals With Bipolar Disorder: A Case Control Study
Authors: Lu Zhe , Wang Yingtan , Xun Guanglei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: At present, no well-established biomarkers were ever found to distinguish unipolar disorder (UD) and bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to explore whether uric acid (UA) could be a biomarker to distinguish UD and BD. Methods: Peripheral UA of 119 patients with BD in acute stage (AS) and 77 in remission stage (RS), and 95 patients with UD in AS and 61 in RS were measured, so were 180 healthy controls. Differences in continuous variables among groups were assessed by the independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance. The chi-square test was applied to categorical data such as gender. Results: UA levels in BD group were higher than UD and HC groups regardless of the AS or RS, while differences in UA levels between UD group and HC group were not significant. Differences of UA levels between BD-M (bipolar mania/hypomania) and BD-D (bipolar depression) subgroups were not significant, and UA levels of BD-M and BD-D subgroups were higher than UD and HC groups. Only in UD group, UA levels of drug-use subgroup were higher than drug-naïve/free subgroup, but differences disappeared when analyzed stratified by sex; whether in drug-use or drug-naïve/free subgroup, differences of UA levels between BD-M and BD-D groups were not significant.Conclusion: The study suggests UA levels may be a biomarker of BD to distinguish from UD.
&nbsp;Decline of Mongolian Pine Forest by the Combinatory Effect of European Woodwasp Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) and Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Authors: Wang Lixiang , Li Chunchun , Luo Youqing , Ren Lili , Lv Ning , Zhou Jingjiang , Wang Senshan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Interactions between the decline of Mongolian pine woodlands and fungal communities and invasive pests in northeast China, are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the fungal communities occurring in healthy uninfested, unhealthy uninfested and Sirex noctilio infested Mongolian pine and analyzed the relationship between the decline of Mongolian pine and fungal communities and woodwasp. The population number of S. noctilio was very high in the declining Mongolian pine forest. 26 fungal species identified from three tree samples. Each tree sample harbored a fungal endophyte community with a unique structure. The invasion of woodwasp appear to be promoted by the fungal community in the Mongolian pine woodlands. Pathogenic fungi richness was four times higher in infested and unhealthy uninfested compared to healthy uninfested trees. Sphaeropsis sapinea was the most dominant pathogenic fungus in Mongolian pine forest, and infested healthy Mongolian pine without wounding, but a with lower incidence of without wounding (38.72%) than wound ones (83.22%). Collectively, these data indicated that the fungal disease may have caused the initial reason of the decline of the Mongolian pine forest, and also provided convenient conditions for the successful colonization of woodwasp. The woodwasp attacked stressed Mongolian pine trees and accelerated its decline.