bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microscopic Colitis and Risk Of Cancer—AA Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Bergman David , Khalili Hamed , Roelstraete Bjorn , Ludvigsson Jonas F 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
The association between microscopic colitis [MC] and cancer risk is unclear. Large, population-based studies are lacking.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide cohort study of 11 758 patients with incident MC [diagnosed 1990–2016 in Sweden], 50 828 matched reference individuals, and 11 614 siblings to MC patients. Data were obtained through Sweden´s pathology departments and from the Swedish Cancer Register. Adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results
At the end of follow-up [mean: 6.7 years], 1239 [10.5%] of MC patients had received a cancer diagnosis, compared with 4815 [9.5%] of reference individuals (aHR 1.08 [95% confidence interval1.02–1.16]). The risk of cancer was highest during the first year of follow up. The absolute excess risks for cancer at 5, 10, and 20 years after MC diagnosis were + 1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4%-1.6%), +1.5% [0.4%-2.6%], and + 3.7% [-2.3–9.6%], respectively, equivalent to one extra cancer event in every 55 individuals with MC followed for 10 years. MC was associated with an increased risk of lymphoma (aHR 1.43 [1.06–1.92]) and lung cancer (aHR 1.32 [1.04–1.68]) but with decreased risks of colorectal (aHR 0.52 [0.40–0.66]) and gastrointestinal cancers (aHR 0.72 [0.60–0.85]). We found no association with breast or bladder cancer. Using siblings as reference group to minimise the impact of shared genetic and early environmental factors, patients with MC were still at an increased risk of cancer (HR 1.20 [1.06–1.36]).

Conclusions
This nationwide cohort study demonstrated an 8% increased risk of cancer in MC patients. The risk was highest during the first year of follow-up.
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Visible Dysplasia Treatment in Ulcerative Colitis Patients: Cases Series and Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Manta Raffaele , Zullo Angelo , Telesca Donato Alessandro , Castellani Danilo , Germani Ugo , Reggiani Bonetti Luca , Conigliaro Rita , Galloro Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Ulcerative colitis [UC] patients are at an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer due to chronic inflammation. Endoscopic submucosal dissection [ESD] allows removal of non-invasive neoplastic lesions in the colon, but few data are available on its efficacy in UC patients.

Methods
Data from consecutive UC patients diagnosed with visible dysplastic lesions in the colon who underwent ESD were evaluated. The en bloc removal, R0 resection and complication rates were calculated. Local recurrence and metachronous lesions during follow-up were identified. A systematic review of the literature with pooled data analysis was performed.

Results
A total of 53 UC patients [age: 65 years; range 30–74; M/F: 31/22] underwent ESD. The en bloc resection rate was 100%, and the R0 resection rate was 96.2%. Bleeding occurred in seven [13.2%] patients, and perforation in three [5.6%] cases, all treated at endoscopy. No recurrence was observed, but two metachronous lesions were detected. Data from six other studies [three Asian and three European] were available. By pooling data, en bloc resection was successful in 88.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 83.5–92) of 216 lesions and in 91.8% [95% CI = 87.3–94.8] of 208 patients. R0 resection was achieved in 169 ESDs, equivalent to a 78.2% [95% CI = 72.3–83.2] rate for lesions and 81.3% [95% CI = 75.4–86] rate for patients. No difference between European and Asian series was noted.

Conclusions
This pooled data analysis indicated that ESD is a suitable tool for safely and properly removing non-invasive neoplastic lesions on colonic mucosa of selected UC patients.
Relationship between arterial remodelling and serial changes in coronary atherosclerosis by intravascular ultrasound: an analysis of the IBIS-4 study
Authors: Koskinas Konstantinos C. , Maldonado Rafaela , Garcia-Garcia Hector M. , Yamaji Kyohei , Taniwaki Masanori , Ueki Yasushi , Otsuka Tatsuhiko , Zanchin Christian , Karagiannis Alexios , Radu Juul Jensen Maria D. , Losdat Sylvain , Zaugg Serge , Windecker Stephan , Räber Lorenz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aims
Arterial remodelling is an important determinant of coronary atherosclerosis. Assessment of the remodelling index, comparing a lesion to a local reference site, is a suboptimal correlate of serial vascular changes. We assessed a novel approach which, unlike the local-reference approach, uses the entire artery’s global remodelling as reference.

Methods and results
Serial (baseline and 13 months) intravascular ultrasound was performed in 146 non-infarct-related arteries of 82 patients treated with high-intensity statin. Arteries were divided into 3-mm segments (n = 1479), and focal remodelling was characterized in individual segments at both timepoints applying the global arterial reference approach. First, we compared preceding vascular changes in relation to follow-up remodelling. Second, we examined whether baseline remodelling predicts subsequent plaque progression/regression. At follow-up, segments with constrictive vs. compensatory or expansive remodelling had greater preceding reduction of vessel area (−0.67 vs. −0.38 vs. −0.002 mm2; P &lt; 0.001) and lumen area (−0.82 vs. −0.09 vs. 0.40 mm2; P &lt; 0.001). Overall, we found significant regression in percent atheroma volume (PAV) [−0.80% (−1.41 to −0.19)]. Segments with constrictive remodelling at baseline had greater subsequent PAV regression vs. modest regression in the compensatory, and PAV progression in the expansive remodelling group (−6.14% vs. −0.71% vs. 2.26%; P &lt; 0.001). Lesion-level analyses (n = 118) showed no differences when remodelling was defined by the local reference approach at baseline or follow-up.

Conclusion
Remodelling assessment using a global arterial reference approach, but not the commonly used, local reference site approach, correlated reasonably well with serial changes in arterial dimensions and identified arterial segments with subsequent PAV progression despite intensive statin treatment and overall atheroma regression.
Growth of hypoplastic mitral valves in hypoplastic left heart complex and similar constellations after anatomical left superior vena cava correction
Authors: Cesnjevar Robert A , Harig Frank , Dietz Moritz , Alkassar Muhannad , Waellisch Wolfgang , Rueffer André , Dittrich Sven , Purbojo Ariawan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Left superior vena cava (LSVC)-related obstruction of mitral inflow is a rare finding in patients with complex cardiac anomalies like hypoplastic left heart complex. We report our experience by establishing a left superior to right superior caval vein continuity (innominate vein creation by direct LSVC–right superior vena cava end-to-side-anastomosis), and coronary sinus unroofing if indicated for LSVC-related mitral inflow obstruction.

METHODS
Nineteen patients (median age: 1.0 ± 0.3 years; range: 7 days–4.8 years) underwent anatomical correction of LSVC without the use of foreign material in conjunction with repair or palliation of congenital anomalies in a single centre between April 2015 and November 2019. Indications for the procedure were LSVC-related obstruction of left ventricular inflow due to a dilated coronary sinus. Additional procedures included mitral (n = 7) or atrioventricular (n = 3) valve surgery, right ventricular to pulmonary artery conduit (n = 3), first stage palliation (n = 3) or biventricular repair (n = 5) of hypoplastic left heart complex. Three patients needed secondary mitral valve replacement (n = 3).

RESULTS
All LSVC or coronary sinus-related obstructions were effectively relieved. No patient died early, 2 patients died late after the procedure. One patient needed stenting of the superior vena cava below the unobstructed cephalad vein anastomosis at the former right superior vena cava-cannulation-site. Follow-up was complete and demonstrated an 89.5% survival after 2.5 ± 0.4 years. Innominate vein patency was 100% documented by echocardiography (n = 19), cardiac catheterization (n = 6) or both. Mean mitral valve z-scores before the operation were −1.7 ± 0.2 (range −3.8 to 0.3) and increased to 0.7 ± 0.2 (range −0.7 to 1.9) after LSVC repair.

CONCLUSIONS
Anatomical correction by surgical creation of an innominate vein is an effective method to relieve LSVC-related obstructions and promotes mitral valvar growth. Mitral ring sizes were at least normalized after surgery at the time of discharge. Further prospective follow-up studies to evaluate the growth potential of left-sided heart structures by reporting cardiac z-scores are needed to evaluate the true impact of coronary sinus unroofing.
Pregnancy-associated idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis: presentation, management and results of surgical treatment
Authors: Tapias Luis F. , Rogan Thomas J. , Wright Cameron D. , Mathisen Douglas J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis (ILTS) is an uncommon problem arising mostly in women. In some, it arises during or is exacerbated by pregnancy. Experience with management of patients with this rare association is limited. This study seeks to evaluate the management of patients with pregnancy-associated ILTS and compare outcomes to cases not associated with pregnancy.

METHODS
Retrospective review of 15 patients undergoing surgical treatment of pregnancy-associated ILTS from 1971 to 2013. Variables of interest and airway outcomes were compared to patients with non-pregnancy-associated ILTS.

RESULTS
Pregnancy-associated ILTS was observed in 15/263 (5.7%) patients. Symptoms developed during their first pregnancy. When compared to non-pregnancy patients, these patients were younger (37 vs 47 years; P = 0.0003), had more prior tracheostomies (26.7% vs 10.9%; P = 0.085) and had more preoperative airway dilatations (86.7% vs 57.7%; P = 0.030). All patients completed pregnancy without complications and ultimately underwent laryngotracheal resection. The expression of hormonal receptors in the surgical specimens was similar in both groups (oestrogen receptors: 100% vs 75% and progesterone receptors: 71.4% vs 72.1%, in pregnancy and non-pregnancy patients, respectively). Airway outcomes were good/excellent in 13 (86.7%) patients with pregnancy-associated ILTS and 225 (90.7%) patients without pregnancy association (P = 0.642), and did not change when adjusting for other risk factors.

CONCLUSIONS
Pregnancy-associated ILTS is rare. The pathophysiology is unclear, but appearance of symptoms during pregnancy may suggest hormonal factors. To minimize foetal risk, dilatation during pregnancy followed by laryngotracheal resection after delivery is the preferred treatment. Pregnancy association does not seem to affect outcomes with expected satisfactory results in most patients.
The role of research synthesis in facilitating research–pedagogy dialogue
Authors: Chong Sin Wang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Readers Respond is a forum for individuals to contribute their own reactions, perspectives, or experiences in relation to a specific article or articles published in a recent issue of ELT Journal. These views are not necessarily those of the Editor, the Editorial Panel, or the Publisher. This article responds to Sato, M. and S. Loewen 2019 ‘Do teachers care about research? The research–pedagogy dialogue’. ELT Journal 73/1: 1–10.
Post-operative cardiac implantable electronic devices in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a contemporary experience
Authors: Waddingham Peter Henry , Behar Jonathan M , Roberts Neil , Dhillon Gurpreet , Graham Adam J , Hunter Ross J , Hayward Carl , Dhinoja Mehul , Muthumala Amal , Uppal Rakesh , Rowland Edward , Earley Mark J , Schilling Richard J , Sporton Simon , Lowe Martin , Harky Amer , Segal Oliver R , Lambiase Pier D , Chow Anthony W C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aims
Optimum timing of pacemaker implantation following cardiac surgery is a clinical challenge. European and American guidelines recommend observation, to assess recovery of atrioventricular block (AVB) (up to 7 days) and sinus node (5 days to weeks) after cardiac surgery. This study aims to determine rates of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) implants post-surgery at a high-volume tertiary centre over 3 years. Implant timing, patient characteristics and outcomes at 6 months including pacemaker utilization were assessed.

Methods and results
All cardiac operations (n = 5950) were screened for CIED implantation following surgery, during the same admission, from 2015 to 2018. Data collection included patient, operative, and device characteristics; pacing utilization and complications at 6 months. A total of 250 (4.2%) implants occurred; 232 (3.9%) for bradycardia. Advanced age, infective endocarditis, left ventricle systolic impairment, and valve surgery were independent predictors for CIED implants (P &lt; 0.0001). Relative risk (RR) of CIED implants and proportion of AVB increased with valve numbers operated (single–triple) vs. non-valve surgery: RR 5.4 (95% CI 3.9–7.6)–21.0 (11.4–38.9) CIEDs. Follow-up pacing utilization data were available in 91%. Significant utilization occurred in 82% and underutilization (&lt;1% A and V paced) in 18%. There were no significant differences comparing utilization rates in early (≤day 5 post-operatively) vs. late implants (P = 0.55).

Conclusion
Multi-valve surgery has a particularly high incidence of CIED implants (14.9% double, 25.6% triple valve). Age, left ventricle systolic impairment, endocarditis, and valve surgery were independent predictors of CIED implants. Device underutilization was infrequent and uninfluenced by implant timing. Early implantation (≤5 days) should be considered in AVB post-multi-valve surgery.
Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants and risk of fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mongkhon Pajaree , Fanning Laura , Wong Kirstie H T W , Man Kenneth K C , Wong Ian C K , Lau Wallis C Y 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aims
Comparative fracture risk for non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. This study aimed to provide summary relative risk (RR) estimates for associations between NOACs vs. VKAs and fracture risk.

Methods and results
PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from 2010 to 26 May 2020. Observational studies investigating the association between NOACs vs. VKAs and fracture risk in patients with AF were included. The adjusted effect estimates were pooled using the DerSimonian–Laird random effects models. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiological (MOOSE) guidelines were followed. Five observational studies comprising 269 922 patients and 4289 fractures were included. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants use was associated with a lower risk of any fractures compared to VKAs use, with moderate heterogeneity [pooled RR = 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75–0.92, P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 73.0%]. When comparing individual NOAC to VKAs, a statistically significant lower risk of any fractures was found for rivaroxaban (pooled RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71–0.88, P &lt; 0.001, I2 = 55.2%) and apixaban (pooled RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.92, P = 0.007, I2 = 54.5%), but not dabigatran (pooled RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.74–1.01, P = 0.061, I2 = 74.6%). No differences were observed in all head-to-head comparisons between NOACs.

Conclusion
This large meta-analysis suggests that NOACs use was associated with a lower risk of fractures compared with VKAs. Fracture risks were similar between NOACs. These findings may help inform the optimal anticoagulant choice for patients with AF at high risk of fracture.
The importance of teamwork climate for preventing burnout in UK general practices
Authors: Galleta-Williams Henry , Esmail Aneez , Grigoroglou Christos , Zghebi Salwa S , Zhou Anli Yue , Hodkinson Alexander , Panagioti Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis short report aims to investigate the association between teamwork and burnout among general practitioners (GPs). A two-stage survey was conducted. In stage one, validated self-report measures of burnout and teamwork were completed by 50 GPs across 12 general practices in Greater Manchester, UK. In stage two, staff members across 3 of the 12 general practices (GPs, nursing staff, managers and admin staff) responded to free text questions about teamwork (n = 20). The results of the stage one survey showed that teamwork in GPs was significantly negatively associated with the emotional exhaustion (r = −0.326, P &lt; 0.05) and depersonalization (r = −0.421, P &lt; 0.01) domains of the burnout measure and significantly positively associated with the personal accomplishment (r = 0.296, P &lt; 0.05) domain. Free text responses in stage two were assigned into three themes: (i) addressing organizational barriers which might threaten teamwork, (ii) promoting the view of teamwork as a shared responsibility among all staff members of the general practice and (iii) implementing improvement strategies which can be embedded in the busy environment of general practices. GPs and other staff members of general practices valued the importance of teamwork for boosting their morale and mitigating burnout. Future research should focus on designing and embedding brief teamwork improvement strategies in general practices.
Sleep timing and hygiene practices of high bedtime procrastinators: a direct observational study
Authors: Zhu Liwei , Meng Dexin , Ma Xiaohan , Guo Jing , Mu Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Bedtime procrastination (BP) has been proven to be an important indicator of sleep insufficiency from a psychological perspective. However, the effect of BP on sleep patterns related to sleep deficiency remains unknown.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of self-reported sleep timing and hygiene practices between high and low-moderate bedtime procrastinators. It also aimed to examine the relationship between these characteristics and high level of BP.

Methods
A total of 391 Chinese college students were recruited for this study. Participants completed questionnaires on demographics, sleep timing variables, the Sleep Hygiene Practice Scale (SHPS) and the Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS).

Results
High bedtime procrastinators were more likely to have higher SHPS global and subdomain scores (Ps &lt; 0.001). They also were more likely to exhibit later sleep onset, sleep offset and rise time on both weekdays and weekends (Ps &lt; 0.01). The significant independent determinant factors of the prevalence of high BP were: SHPS total score [odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, P &lt; 0.001], arousal-related behaviour (OR = 1.07, P = 0.007), sleep schedule and timing (OR = 1.12, P &lt; 0.001) and sleep onset on weekdays (OR = 2.65, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
High bedtime procrastinators showed maladaptive sleep-related variables, which mainly manifested as changes in arousal-related behaviour and sleep schedule and timing, as well as delays in sleep onset time on weekdays. The findings could help guide the formulation of appropriate interventions in primary health care.
Mental Health Attribution for Mexican-Origin Latinx and Non-Latinx Older Adults: A Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Mendez Stephanie E A , Mendez-Luck Carolyn A , Nylund-Gibson Karen , Ng Bernardo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesProviding appropriate and culturally sensitive care to the rapidly growing number of U.S. Latinx older adults with psychiatric conditions presents a major public health challenge. We know little about older Latinx adults’ perceived causes of mental health problems, offering clinicians limited insight to guide successful and culturally congruent treatment. Moreover, there is a paucity of mental health research examining heterogeneity in how Latinx individuals may attribute mental health symptoms. The present study sought to identify how Latinx and non-Latinx older adults attributed the sources of their mental health problems and how these types of attributions differ by ethnicity.Research Design and MethodsThis study analyzed data collected from a retrospective chart review and survey of 673 adults aged 55–95 years (430 Mexican origin and 244 non-Latinx) from a rural psychiatric outpatient clinic near the California–Mexico border. We conducted stratified latent class analysis (LCA) by race/ethnicity to explore the mental health attribution beliefs of Mexican-origin and non-Latinx clinic patients.ResultsDifferent LCA patterns for Mexican-origin Latinx versus non-Latinx groups were found. For non-Latinx adults, there was a class of individuals who attributed their mental health issues to social and financial problems. For Mexican-origin adults, there was a class of individuals who attributed their mental health issues to spiritual and/or supernatural factors, unaffected by acculturation level, depressive symptom severity, and time spent in the United States, but differing by gender. We found within-group heterogeneity: Not all Mexican-origin or non-Latinx older adults were alike in how they conceptualized their mental health.Discussion and ImplicationsMexican-origin Latinx and non-Latinx older adults attributed their mental health issues to different causes. More Mexican-origin older adults attributed their symptoms to spiritual causes, even after controlling for contextual factors. Further research is needed to determine whether attribution beliefs are affected by specific mental health diagnoses and other cultural factors not measured in this study.
Media Effects on Individual Worldview and Wellness for Long-Term Care Residents Amid the COVID-19 Virus
Authors: Schroyer David 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The following article serves as a means to highlight the need for increased scrutiny of the value and potentially adverse effect the 24-h news cycle has on individuals, particularly residents in a long-term care setting amid the COVID-19 pandemic or other large-scale catastrophic events. The work will emphasize what is currently known regarding the impact media plays on an individual, including mood, opinion, worldview, and overall mental health and wellness. The conclusion will focus on discussing current means of assessment with future recommendations for heightened evaluation in this already vulnerable population.