bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new infrared volcano monitoring using GCOM-C (SHIKISAI) satellite: Applications to the Asia-Pacific region
Authors: Kaneko Takayuki , Yasuda Atsushi , Takasaki Kenji , Nakano Shun , Fujii Toshitsugu , Honda Yoshiaki , Kajiwara Kouji , Murakami Hiroshi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The GCOM-C (SHIKISAI) satellite was developed to understand the mechanisms of global climate change. The Second-generation Global Imager (SGLI) onboard GCOM-C is an optical sensor observing wavelengths from 380 nm to 12.0 μm in 19 bands. One of the notable features is that the resolution of the 1.63-, 10.8-, and 12.0-µm bands is 250 m, with an observation frequency of 2-3 days. To investigate the effective use and potential of the 250-m resolution of these SGLI bands in the study of eruptive activities, we analyzed four practical cases. As an example of large-scale effusive activity, we studied the 2018 Kilauea eruption. By analyzing the series of 10.8-μm band images using cumulative thermal anomaly maps, we could observe that the lava effused on the lower East Rift Zone, initially flowed down the southern slope to the sea, and then moved eastward. As an example of lava dome growth and generation of associated pyroclastic flows, the activity at Sheveluch between December 2018 and December 2019 was analyzed. The 1.63- and 10.8-µm bands were shown to be suitable for observing growth of the lava dome and occurrence of pyroclastic flows, respectively. We found that the pyroclastic flows occurred during periods of rapid lava dome expansion. For the study of an active crater lake, the activity of Ijen during 2019 was analyzed. The lake temperature was found to rise rapidly in mid-May and reach 38 °C in mid-June. We also analyzed the intermittent activities of small-scale Vulcanian eruptions at Sakurajima in 2019. The 1.63-µm band was useful for detecting activities that are associated with Vulcanian eruptions. Analytical results for these case studies demonstrated that the GCOM-C SGLI images are beneficial for observing various aspects of volcanic activity, and their real-time use may contribute to reducing eruption-related disasters.
Short-course Benznidazole Treatment to Reduce Trypanosoma cruzi Parasitic Load in Women of Reproductive Age (BETTY): A Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial Study Protocol
Authors: Cafferata María Luisa , Toscani María Ayelen , Althabe Fernando , Belizan Jose M. , Bergel Eduardo , Berrueta Mabel , Capparelli Edmund V. , Ciganda Álvaro , Danesi Emmaria , Dumonteil Eric , Gibbons Luz , Gulayin Pablo E. , Herrera Claudia , Momper Jeremiah D. , Rossi Steven , Shaffer Jeffrey G. , Schijman Alejandro G. , Estani Sergio Sosa , Stella Candela B. , Klein Karen , Buekens Pierre 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Retrospective observational studies suggest that transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi does not occur in treated women when pregnant later in life. The level of parasitemia is a known risk factor for congenital transmission. Benznidazole (BZN) is the drug of choice for preconceptional treatment to reduce parasitic load. The fear of treatment-related side effects limits the implementation of the Argentine guideline recommending BZN 60d/300mg (or equivalent) treatment of T. cruzi seropositive women during the postpartum period to prevent transmission in a future pregnancy. A short and low dose BZN treatment might reduce major side effects and increase compliance, but its efficacy to reduce T. cruzi parasitic load compared to the standard 60d/300mg course is not yet established. Clinical trials testing alternative BZN courses among women of reproductive age are urgently needed.Methods and design We are proposing to perform a double-blinded, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial comparing a short low dose 30-day treatment with BZN 150mg/day (30d/150mg) vs. BZN 60d/300mg. We will recruit not previously treated T. cruzi seropositive women with a live birth during the postpartum period in Argentina, randomize them at six months postpartum, and follow them up with the following specific aims:Specific aim 1: to measure the effect of BZN 30d/150mg compared to 60d/300mg preconceptional treatment on parasitic load measured by the frequency of positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (primary outcome) and by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), immediately and 10 months after treatment.Specific aim 2: to measure the frequency of serious adverse events and/or any adverse event leading to treatment interruption.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT03672487. Registered 14 September 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03672487?recrs=a&cond=Chagas+Disease&cntry=AR&draw=2&rank=3
Bladder perforation during transurethral resection of bladder tumour is not a result of deficient structure of the bladder wall
Authors: Poletajew Sławomir , Ilczuk Tomasz , Krajewski Wojciech , Niemczyk Grzegorz , Cyran Agata , Białek Łukasz , Radziszewski Piotr , Górnicka Barbara , Kryst Piotr 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TUR) is associated with a risk of bladder perforation. The underlying mechanisms and risk factors are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to determine if bladder wall structure affects the risk of bladder perforation during TUR.

Methods

Fifteen patients who underwent TUR complicated by a bladder perforation (group 1) and fifteen matched controls who underwent uncomplicated TUR (group 2) were retrospectively enrolled into this morphological analysis. Surgical specimens were collected from all participating patients to describe the quality and architecture of urothelium and bladder submucosa. Immunohistochemical studies were performed with primary mouse anti-human E-cadherin, beta-catenin, type IV collagen, cytokeratin 20 and epithelial membrane antigen antibodies. The intensity of the immunohistochemical reaction was assessed using an immunoreactive score (IRS). Ultrastructural examinations were performed by transmission electron microscopy. The microscopic assessment was focused on the intensity of fibrosis in bladder submucosa and the presence of degenerative changes in the urothelium.

Results

Patients’ age, sex distribution, tumour diameters, surgeon experience or cancer stage did not differ between study groups. Immunohistochemical analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences between group 1 and group 2. From clinical point of view, ultrastructural analysis by electron microscopy showed higher rate of severe fibrosis in group 1 (63.6% vs. 38.5%), with no differences in the rate and degree of urothelial changes. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.32).

Conclusions

Bladder perforation during TUR is not a result of deficient structure of the bladder wall. Based on available evidence, surgical technique seems to play the most important role in its prevention.
­­­Characterization of integrated prophages within diverse species of clinical nontuberculous mycobacteria
Authors: Glickman Cody , Kammlade Sara M. , Hasan Nabeeh A. , Epperson L. Elaine , Davidson Rebecca M. , Strong Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections are increasing in prevalence, with current estimates suggesting that over 100,000 people in the United States are affected each year. It is unclear how certain species of mycobacteria transition from environmental bacteria to clinical pathogens, or what genetic elements influence the differences in virulence among strains of the same species. A potential mechanism of genetic evolution and diversity within mycobacteria is the presence of integrated viruses called prophages in the host genome. Prophages may act as carriers of bacterial genes, with the potential of altering bacterial fitness through horizontal gene transfer. In this study, we quantify the frequency and composition of prophages within mycobacteria isolated from clinical samples and compare them against the composition of PhagesDB, an environmental mycobacteriophage database.

Methods
Prophages were predicted by agreement between two discovery tools, VirSorter and Phaster, and the frequencies of integrated prophages were compared by growth rate. Prophages were assigned to PhagesDB lettered clusters. Bacterial virulence gene frequency was calculated using a combination of the Virulence Factor Database (VFDB) and the Pathosystems Resource Integration Center virulence database (Patric-VF) within the gene annotation software Prokka. CRISPR elements were discovered using CRT. ARAGORN was used to quantify tRNAs.

Results
Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) were more likely to contain prophage than slowly growing mycobacteria (SGM). CRISPR elements were not associated with prophage abundance in mycobacteria. The abundance of tRNAs was enriched in SGM compared to RGM.
We compared the abundance of bacterial virulence genes within prophage genomes from clinical isolates to mycobacteriophages from PhagesDB. Our data suggests that prophages from clinical mycobacteria are enriched for bacterial virulence genes relative to environmental mycobacteriophage from PhagesDB.

Conclusion
Prophages are present in clinical NTM isolates. Prophages are more likely to be present in RGM compared to SGM genomes. The mechanism and selective advantage of this enrichment by growth rate remain unclear. In addition, the frequency of bacterial virulence genes in prophages from clinical NTM is enriched relative to the PhagesDB environmental proxy. This suggests prophages may act as a reservoir of genetic elements bacteria could use to thrive within a clinical environment.
Spontaneous conception outcome in infertile women after four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography
Authors: liu yu , zhang ning , he yanni , shi jiayao , zhou meijun , xu jingjiao , Liu Hongmei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (4D-HyCoSy) is the preferred way for evaluating fallopian tubal patency and it associated with higher rate of spontaneous conception. However, Few studies have evaluated the influencing factors of spontaneous conception in 4D-HyCoSy and suggested ways to choose treatment options after 4D-HyCoSy. The study was to evaluate the correlation between spontaneous conception outcome and the patients’ clinical characteristics as well as tubal patency in infertile women to provide reference on ways to manage the patient after 4D-HyCoSy.Methods: This was a retrospective study and analysis of two hundred and eighty three (283) infertile patients who underwent a 4D-HyCoSy between December 2014 and October 2017 in our center. Eligible patients were those whose partners semen parameters were normal when based on World Health Organization(WHO) criteria, and had spontaneous conception without clinical interventions after 4D-HyCoSy.Result(s): One hundred and sixteen patients (40.9%) conceived spontaneously and the mean conception time was (8.8 ± 0.3) months. Within a year after 4D-HyCoSy, the spontaneous conception rate was highest in type VI(62.5%), followed by type IV (46.2%), type III (44.4%), type V (39.4%), type II (33.9%) and type I (14.8%). With Cox regression analysis, two factors associated with spontaneous conception outcome appeared to increase spontaneous conception rate: patients with type IV or type VI tubes and duration of infertility less than 2 years. The age, type of infertility, multiparas, history of pelvic surgery, history of uterine cavity operation, uterine fibromyomata and polycystic ovary were unrelated to spontaneous conception outcome after 4D-HyCoSy.Conclusion(s): This study showed that some infertile women could succeed in spontaneous conception after 4D-HyCoSy. Hence, We recommend the usage of 4D-HyCoSy as first line for tubal patency test and infertile patients should be advised to accept 4D-HyCoSy examination as soon as possible. Expectant treatment of about 8-9 months is reported to be feasible for infertile women whose 4D-HyCoSy findings showed one tube patency or poor patency. Alternatively, an immediate clinical intervention is recommended for those with bilateral obstructed tubes .
Specific shifts in the endocannabinoid system in hibernating brown bears
Authors: Boyer Christian , Cussonneau Laura , Brun Charlotte , Deval Christiane , de Barros Jean-Paul Pais , Chanon Stéphanie , Bernoud-Hubac Nathalie , Daira Patricia , Evans Alina L. , Arnemo Jon M. , Swenson Jon E. , Gauquelin-Koch Guillemette , Simon Chantal , Blanc Stéphane , Combaret Lydie , Bertile Fabrice , Lefai Etienne 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In small hibernators, global downregulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is involved in modulating neuronal signaling, feeding behavior, energy metabolism, and circannual rhythms, has been reported to possibly drive physiological adaptation to the hibernating state. In hibernating brown bears (Ursus arctos), we hypothesized that beyond an overall suppression of the ECS, seasonal shift in endocannabinoids compounds could be linked to bear’s peculiar features that include hibernation without arousal episodes and capacity to react to external disturbance. We explored circulating lipids in serum and the ECS in plasma and metabolically active tissues in free-ranging subadult Scandinavian brown bears when both active and hibernating. In winter bear serum, in addition to a 2-fold increase in total fatty acid concentration, we found significant changes in relative proportions of circulating fatty acids, such as a 2-fold increase in docosahexaenoic acid C22:6 n-3 and a decrease in arachidonic acid C20:4 n-6. In adipose and muscle tissues of hibernating bears, we found significant lower concentrations of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), a major ligand of cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2). Lower mRNA level for genes encoding CB1 and CB2 were also found in winter muscle and adipose tissue, respectively. The observed reduction in ECS tone may promote fatty acid mobilization from body fat stores, and favor carbohydrate metabolism in skeletal muscle of hibernating bears. Additionally, high circulating level of the endocannabinoid-like compound N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA) in winter could favor lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in peripheral tissues. We also speculated on a role of OEA in the conservation of an anorexigenic signal and in the maintenance of torpor during hibernation, while sustaining the capacity of bears to sense stimuli from the environment.
Measurement of Sustainment of Prevention Programs and Initiatives: The Sustainment Measurement System Scale
Authors: Palinkas Lawrence A. , Chou Chih-Ping , Spear Suzanne E. , Mendon Sapna J. , Villamar Juan A. , Brown C. Hendricks 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Enhancing the sustainability of evidence-based prevention programs for mental and behavioral health requires tools for measuring both sustainability determinants and sustainment outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop the Sustainment Measurement System Scale (SMSS) and to assess its reliability and construct validity for measuring both determinants and outcomes of efforts to sustain prevention programs and initiatives. Methods: A 42-item scale comprised of items identified from qualitative data collected from 45 representatives of 10 programs and 8 SAMHSA program officers was administered to 186 representatives of 145 programs funded by 7 SAMHSA prevention grant initiatives. Cronbach’s alphas were used to determine inter-item reliability. Convergent validity was assessed by comparisons of a global measure of sustainment with current SAMHSA-funding status and continued operation in the same form. Discriminant validity was assessed by comparisons of sustainability determinants with whether or not the program had undergone adaptations. Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis provided support for a 35-item model fit to the data. Cronbach’s alpha was .84 for the sustainment outcome construct and ranged from .70 to .93 for the sustainability determinants constructs. All of the determinant constructs were significantly associated with sustainment outcome individual and global measures for the entire sample (p < 0.01 to 0.001) and for community-based programs and programs with a substance abuse focus (p < 0.05 to 0.001). Convergent validity was supported by significant associations between the global sustainment measure and current SAMHSA funding status and continued operation in the same form (p < 0.001). Four of the sustainability determinant constructs (responsive to community needs; coalitions, partnerships and networks; organizational staff capability; and evaluation, feedback and program outcomes) were also significantly associated with current SAMHSA funding status (p < 0.5 to 0.01). With the exception of organizational staff capability, all sustainability determinants were unrelated to program adaptation as predicted. Conclusions: The SMSS demonstrated good reliability and convergent and discriminant validity in assessing likelihood of sustainment of SAMHSA funded prevention programs and initiatives. The measure demonstrates potential in identifying predictors of program sustainment and as a tool for enhancing the likelihood of successful sustainment through ongoing evaluation and feedback.
Coeruptive and posteruptive crustal deformation associated with the 2018 Kusatsu-Shirane phreatic eruption based on PALSAR-2 time-series analysis
Authors: Himematsu Yuji , Ozawa Taku , Aoki Yosuke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Coeruptive deformation helps to interpret physical processes associated with volcanic eruptions. Because phreatic eruptions cause small, localized coeruptive deformation, we sometimes fail to identify plausible deformation signals. Satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data allow us to identify extensive deformation fields with high spatial resolutions. Herein, we report coeruptive crustal deformation associated with the 2018 Kusatsu-Shirane phreatic eruption detected by time series analyses of L-band satellite SAR (ALOS-2/PALSAR-2) data. Cumulative deformation maps derived from SAR time series analyses show that subsidence and eastward displacement dominate the southwestern side of an eruptive crater with a spatial extent of approximately 2 km in diameter. Although we were unable to identify any significant deformation signals before the 2018 eruption, posteruptive deformation on the southwestern side of the crater has been ongoing until the end of 2019. This prolonged deformation implies the progression of posteruptive physical processes within a confined hydrothermal system, such as volcanic fluid discharge, similar to the processes observed during the 2014 Ontake eruption. Although accumulated snow and dense vegetation hinder the detection of deformation signals on Kusatsu-Shirane volcano using conventional InSAR data, L-band SAR with various temporal baselines allowed us to successfully extract both coeruptive and posteruptive deformation signals. The extracted cumulative deformation is well explained by a combination of normal faulting with a left-lateral slip component along a southwest-dipping fault plane and an isotropic deflation. Based on the geological background in which the shallow hydrothermal system develops across Kusatsu-Shirane volcano, the inferred dislocation plane can be considered as a degassing pathway from the shallow hydrothermal system to the surface due to the phreatic eruption. We reconfirmed that SAR data is a robust tool for detecting coeruptive and posteruptive deformations, which are helpful for understanding shallow physical processes associated with phreatic eruptions at active volcanoes.
Acute Bone Damage Through Liver-bone Axis Induced by Thioacetamide in Rats
Authors: Li Yang , Li Jianghua , Cheng Linyan , Yao Yetao , Shen Hao , Wang Bili , Ren Jun , Ying Hang , Xu Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Thioacetamide（TAA）is used in various fields, such as synthetic drugs, organic chemical synthesis, and materials chemistry. In the medical field, TAA is mainly used to establish animal liver injury models and other organ damage models to explore their mechanisms for helping patients with liver disease, however, TAA caused bone damage is barely understood. Therefore, the aim of our study consisted in building a rat model reflecting the TAA-treated caused acute bone damage. Results: Serum samples collected from 5-times TAA-treated rats and were used in biochemical test, we found the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid (UA), total bile acid (TBA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), carbamide (UREA) and creatinine (CREA) exhibited sharply rise, while the level of serum content of total protein (TP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were severely reduced. At the same time, we obtained some data about cortical bone and trabecular bone by Micro-CT analysis, it revealed significantly decreased bone surface, tissue surface, bone volume, tissue volume in TAA-treated rats, moreover, we used a static biomechanical test system to test the femoral force range of the hind limbs of SD rats, we found bone can resist less pressure and it is easy to take fracture. Conclusions: Summarizing, our rat model presents possible mediators of liver damage, liver damage and changes in bone structure and mineralization are already visible by Micro-CT analysis after five-times of TAA treatment. The fast response and easy building possibly make it an ideal model to investigate bone metabolism in liver damage after they were affected by TAA.
The strategies of perioperative management in orthopedic department during the pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Zeng Hui , Li Guoqing , Weng Jian , Xiong Ao , Xu Chang , Yang Yifei , Wang Deli 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broken out and spread rapidly nationwide at the beginning of 2020, which has brought huge impacts to people and work. The current situation of prevention and control is severe and urgent guidance for clinicians, especially for the medical systems. In the hope of providing a reference and recommendation for the prevention and control of the COVID-19, we carried out research to improve the quality of patients care and prevention during this epidemic.Methods: All of the involved health care personnel were rapidly trained to use personal protection equipment in our department. The managements of the surgery patients and association of two periods were described and analyzed. We reviewed and compared the patients’ discharged records in our database who underwent surgery in the Department of Bone & Joint Surgery at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, who were discharged between January 1st to March 1st in 2019 and January 1st to March 1st in 2020. Both chi-squared test and Student’s t-test were performed to determine the relationship between the two periods.Results: Analysis revealed that gender, class and duration of surgery, and anaesthetization had no significantly differences between two periods (p＞0.05). However, age and blood loss had significant relationship of the two periods (p＜0.05).Conclusions: The results of the study imply that we have been benefited from the strict flow charts in management of perioperative for orthopedic patients, which could be a valid tool in routine clinical practice and a consultation for clinicians during pandemic of the COVID-19.