bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reading between the lines
Authors: Sicilia-Aguilar A. , Bouvier J. , Dougados C. , Grankin K. , Donati J. F. 
Published: September 2020

Aims.We use optical spectroscopy to investigate the disk, wind, and accretion during the 2008 Z CMa NW outburst.Methods.Emission lines were used to constrain the locations, densities, and temperatures of the structures around the star.Results.More than 1000 optical emission lines reveal accretion, a variable, multicomponent wind, and double-peaked lines of disk origin. The variable, non-axisymmetric, accretion-powered wind has slow (~0 km s−1), intermediate (approximately −100 km s−1), and fast (≥−400 km s−1) components. The fast components are of stellar origin and disappear in quiescence, while the slow component is less variable and could be related to a disk wind. The changes in the optical depth of the lines between outburst and quiescence reveal that increased accretion is responsible for the observed outburst. We derive an accretion rate of 10−4M⊙yr−1in outburst. The Fe I and weak Fe II lines arise from an irradiated, flared disk at ~0.5–3 ×M*/16M⊙au with asymmetric upper layers, revealing that the energy from the accretion burst is deposited at scales below 0.5 au. Some line profiles have redshifted asymmetries, but the system is unlikely to be sustained by magnetospheric accretion, especially in outburst. The accretion-related structures extend over several stellar radii and, like the wind, are likely to be non-axisymmetric. The stellar mass may be ~6–8M⊙, lower than previously thought (~16M⊙).Conclusions.Emission line analysis is found to be a powerful tool to study the innermost regions and accretion in stars within a very large range of effective temperatures. The density ranges in the disk and accretion structures are higher than in late-type stars, but the overall behavior, including the innermost disk emission and variable wind, is very similar for stars with different spectral types. Our work suggests a common outburst behavior for stars with spectral types ranging from M type to intermediate mass.
Editorial
Authors: Crismani Adriano 
Published: September 2020

Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,mit Freude darf ich Ihnen das 3. Heft 2020 der IOK präsentieren. Sie werden
sicher einen oder vielleicht mehrere interessante Beiträge – von
Autorinnen und Autoren aus Deutschland, Österreich, Niederlande, Schweiz und
den USA verfasst – finden. An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich
aufrichtig bei diesen für ihren Einsatz und ihre Professionalität
bedanken! Kurz zusammengefasst, werden in der vorliegenden Ausgabe unterschiedliche
aktuelle Themen wie z. B. die „so sehr ersehnte“
Beschleunigung der Zahnbewegung, die moderne CAD/CAM-basierte Planung sowie
die immer bedeutsamere Retention und die unaufhaltsame digitale Entwicklung in der
Kieferorthopädie vorgestellt.
Röntgenstrahlenschutz kompakt
Authors: Widmann Gerlig , Torbica Pavle , Verius Michael , Jaschke Werner 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungZiel dieses Kurzreviews ist es, einen kompakten Überblick zum Thema
Röntgenstrahlenschutz zu bieten. Für das Verständnis
von Strahlenschutz sind Grundlagen der Physik der Röntgenstrahlung,
ihrer biologischen Wirkung, sowie der Dosimetrie notwendig. Zu den
deterministischen Gesundheitsrisiken zählen die Radiodermatitis und
die posteriore, subkapsuläre Linsentrübung. Als
stochastische Effekte werden eine mögliche Lebenszeit-attributable
Risikoerhöhung von Krebserkrankungen v. a. für die
erhöht strahlensensiblen Kinder und jungen Erwachsenen, sowie Frauen
im gebärfähigen Alter diskutiert. Die EURATOM-Richtlinie
2013/59 verpflichtet alle EU-Mitgliedstaaten zu strenger
rechtfertigender Indikationsstellung anhand wissenschaftlich basierter
Guidelines, Anwendung und Review von diagnostischen Dosis Referenzwerten,
sowie Dosismanagement unter Anwendung des „as low as reasonably
achievable“ (ALARA) bzw. „as low as diagnostically
acceptable“ (ALADA) Prinzips. Insbesondere Schnittbildgebung wie
digitale Volumentomografie und Computertomografie erfordern durch die
rasanten technischen Weiterentwicklungen zur Dosisreduktion einen
kontinuierlichen, indikationsangepassten Optimierungsprozess von
Untersuchungsprotokollen.
Behandlung von Klasse-II-Malokklusionen von Extraktion bis
Distalisation
Authors: Kujat Dirk , Hamadeh Sinan 
Published: September 2020

ZusmmenfassungFür eine langfristig erfolgreiche Korrektur von
Klasse-II-Malokklusionen stehen heute zahlreiche Therapieoptionen zur
Verfügung. Ihre Wahl ist von einigen patientenspezifischen Faktoren
wie der Kooperationsbereitschaft, der für die Behandlung
verfügbaren Zeit und den finanziellen Rahmenbedingungen, aber auch
von der Erfahrung und Ausbildung des behandelnden Kieferorthopäden
abhängig. Die im Folgenden vorgestellten Behandlungstechniken und
klinischen Vorgehensweisen sollen dazu einladen, das eigene Repertoire an
Behandlungstechniken zu erweitern und die Therapieoption in Zukunft
stärker indikations- und bedürfnisorientiert zu
wählen.
Fertilitätsprotektion bei Mann-zu-Frau trans Personen: Früh an fertilitätsprotektive Maßnahmen denken
Authors: Schneider Florian , Schlatt Stefan , Neuhaus Nina , Kliesch Sabine 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungWir stimmen dem in der Leitlinie genannten starken Konsens für Maßnahmen der Reproduktionsmedizin als wichtige Option zur Erfüllung des Kinderwunsches bei trans Personen uneingeschränkt zu. Informationen über diese Maßnahmen müssen Bestandteil von Behandlungen von trans Personen sein. Die geschlechtsangleichende Hormontherapie bei Mann-zu-Frau trans Personen hat jedoch einen negativen Einfluß auf die Spermatogenese. Der Erfolg der Fertilitätsprotektion bei Mann-zu-Frau trans Personen hängt stark von Qualität und Quantität der Spermien bzw. der spermatogonialen Stammzellen ab. Daher sollte die Beratung vor der geschlechtsangleichenden Hormontherapie stattfinden. Zu Beginn sollten eine ausführliche Anamnese, eine körperliche Untersuchung, eine Untersuchung von Serumhormonen (LH, FSH, Testosteron, Östradiol, AMH, Inhibin B) und ggf. eine Untersuchung des Ejakulats erfolgen. Zu den etablierten Methoden der Fertilitätsprotektion zählen Kryokonservierung von Spermien nach Ejakulation, Kryokonservierung von Spermien nach mikrochirurgischer testikulärer Spermienextraktion (mTESE) oder Spermienaspiration aus dem Nebenhoden (MESA) oder Kryokonservierung von spermatogonialen Stammzellen. Letztere sind auch möglich, wenn die geschlechtsangleichende Hormontherapie vor Beginn der Pubertät begonnen wird. Dies ist derzeit noch experimentell. Kryokonservierte Spermien können dazu verwendet werden, im Rahmen einer In-vitro-Fertilisation (IVF) und intrazytoplasmatischen Spermieninjektion (ICSI) mit Frauen eigene Kinder zu zeugen. Leihmutterschaft oder Eizellenspende ist in Deutschland derzeit nicht möglich.Wir wollen betonen, dass das Gespräch über fertilitätsprotektive Maßnahmen so früh wie möglich stattfinden muss, um den Erfolg zu garantieren und Absprachen zwischen den medizinischen Diszplinen zu ermöglichen. Das Ziel sind individuelle Lösungen, die für trans Personen finanzierbar, gangbar und operativ mit einfachen Mitteln zu erreichen sind.
Psychoanalytische Einblicke in einen Transitionsprozess
Authors: Steinberger Bettina 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Fallstudie beschreibt die psychoanalytische Behandlung einer Patientin, die als Mann mit schweren Depressionen, sexuellen Funktionsstörungen und einem Sich-hingezogen-Fühlen zu transidenten Menschen Hilfe suchte. Im Laufe der Behandlung wagte sich die Patientin in ihren Transitionsprozess. Der regressive Prozess sowie Probehandlungen in einer neuen weiblichen Geschlechterrolle förderten den allmählichen Zugang zu inneren Objektwelten, führten zu abnehmendem Hass auf die männlichen Genitalien und einer intensiven Auseinandersetzung mit Kastrationsängsten und -wünschen. In den Symptomen von Erektionsstörung und Ejaculatio praecox fanden sich eine enge Verschränkung präödipaler und ödipaler Ängste und Fantasien, der die Patientin zunächst durch die genitalangleichende Operationen auszuweichen gehofft hatte. Durch die Veränderung ihres Verständnisses im Geschlechtserleben entwickelten sich zeitweilig ein manisches Hochgefühl, männlich wie weiblich sein zu können und zu wollen, aber auch Identitätsverwirrung und Haltlosigkeit. Das analytische Setting konnte die Gefühlsschwankungen auffangen, sodass die Patientin zum Ende der Therapie ein In-Between aushalten und den männlichen Anteil in sich integrieren konnte.
Lebensbedrohliche Kopfverletzung
Authors: Rissel Roger 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie homöopathische Behandlung eines Kindes, das mit seinem Kopf unter ein Wagenrad gekommen ist, wird aus dem Stapf-Archiv zitiert. In der Kommentierung wird auf die sorgfältigen Überlegungen zur angezeigten Therapie und die Vorgehensweise bei der Arzneimittelfindung eingegangen.
Therapie einer akuten Strahlenösophagitis mit orodispersiblem Budesonid
Authors: Reinshagen Max , Hoffmann Wolfgang 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungEine Strahlenösophagitis im Rahmen einer therapeutischen Radiotherapie ist weiterhin eine relativ häufige Komplikation. In diesem Fallbericht beschreiben wir eine Patientin, bei der unter einer Therapie mit orodispersiblem Budesonid eine Strahlenösophagitis ohne erkennbare Residuen abheilen konnte.
Neuroradiologie – CT-Angiografie auch bei leichten Schlaganfällen
Authors: Krome Susanne 
Published: September 2020

Wu X et al. CT Angiography for Triage of Patients with Acute Minor Stroke: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis. Radiology 2020; 294: 580–588
Bei einem ischämischen Schlaganfall mit einem NIHHS-Score ≥ 6 empfehlen die Leitlinien eine vaskuläre Bildgebung und bei bestätigter Gefäßokklusion die Thrombektomie. Bei etwa 10 % der Patienten mit relevantem Gefäßverschluss liegen leichtere Symptome vor und eine CT-Angiografie erfolgt nicht regelhaft. Dies hat Auswirkungen auf die Prognose, aber auch auf die Kosten. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Gefäßdarstellung auch bei einem Minor Stroke erfolgen sollte.
Standard Operating Procedure to Derive Homoeopathic Prophylaxis in COVID-19 through Prophylactic Clinical Trial—A Perspective
Authors: Choubey Gurudev , Banerjee Abhiram , Nahar Laijun , Saha Subhranil , Roja Varanasi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a public health emergency of international concern affecting human health and economy across the world. The outbreak in India is accelerating even after enforcement of lockdown as well as promotion of hand hygiene, respiratory etiquettes and social distancing mainly due to nonavailability of specific antiviral medicine and vaccine. Historically, for the purpose of prevention and treatment, homoeopathy has shown its usefulness in recent and past epidemics using carefully selected medicines as genus epidemicus (GE) for each epidemic. In the present era of evidence-based medicine, usefulness of therapeutic agent as prophylaxis is recognised only after obtaining significant result in prophylactic clinical trial. Claims of usefulness of certain homoeopathic medicine as prophylaxis or GE of COVID-19 can be used to generate research hypothesis and can be tested through prophylactic clinical trial. In this article, outbreak investigation procedures are highlighted, necessity of epidemic preparedness with engagement of community is emphasised, several recent developments in clinical trial regulations for an outbreak are pointed out, among which online submission of research protocol, expedition of ethical review procedure, virtual meeting of the ethics committee, Good Participatory Practice Guidelines for Trials of Emerging (and re-emerging) Pathogens are mentioned. Standard operating procedures are discussed to conduct a comparative effectiveness research using cluster randomisation in a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the effectiveness of the homoeopathic medicine as a prophylaxis for COVID-19 which can be used by the policy makers as an effective public health intervention to stop transmission and prevent community spread of this highly infectious disease.
Facelift Surgery: History, Anatomy, and Recent Innovations
Authors: Luu Neil N. , Friedman Oren 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFacelift surgery has become a beautifully predictable, safe, and extremely effective operation. Our patients can expect natural and long-lasting results as a direct outcome of our improved understanding and applications of surgical facial anatomy. Rhytidectomy, once an operation of simple well-placed elliptical skin excisions, evolved to include longer skin flaps, skin and platysma flaps with various superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) manipulations, and various deep plane techniques involving the skin and SMAS as a single unit composite flap. Extended deep plane rhytidectomy and vertical vector neck and SMAS lifting have emerged in recent years as techniques that extend the traditional deep plane dissection into the neck in a subplatysmal plane to allow for release of the platysma from the cervical retaining ligaments. This, ultimately, allows for the creation of a dramatically more youthful appearing face, neck, and jawline.
Life-Threatening Hematuria as Initial Presentation of a Complicated Transplant Renal Artery Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Miyara Santiago J. , Becker Lance B. , Guevara Sara , Lau Lawrence , Nair Vinay V. , Jandovitz Nicholas , Fahmy Ahmed E. , Grodstein Elliot , Winnick Aaron M. , Kirsch Claudia , Rolston Daniel M. , Bhaskaran Madhu C. , Hayashida Kei , Shinozaki Koichiro , Takegawa Ryosuke , Cho Young Min , Cagliani Joaquin A. , Isa Arton , Al-Roubaie Mustafa , Krishnasastry K. V. , Teperman Lewis W. , Molmenti Ernesto P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this case report, we describe the clinical course of a complicated transplant renal artery (TRA) pseudoaneurysm, clinically featured by gross and massive hematuria one month after a kidney transplant was performed on a 50 year-old male patient. TRA pseudoaneurysm is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication that may result in bleeding, infection, graft dysfunction/loss, lower limb ischemia/loss, hemorrhagic shock, and death. TRA pseudoaneurysm treatment remains challenging as it needs to be tailored to the patient characteristics including hemodynamic stability, graft function, anatomy, presentation, and pseudoaneurysm features. This publication discusses the clinical scenario of massive gross hematuria that derived from a retroperitoneal hematoma which originated from an actively bleeding TRA pseudoaneurysm. This case highlights the combined approach of endovascular stent placement and subsequent transplant nephrectomy as a last resort in the management of intractable bleeding from a complicated TRA pseudoaneurysm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published case report of an actively bleeding TRA anastomotic pseudoaneurysm that caused a massive retroperitoneal bleed that in turn evacuated via the bladder after disrupting the ureter-to-bladder anastomosis. A temporizing hemostatic arterial stent placed percutaneously allowed for a safer and controlled emergency transplant nephrectomy.
Fluoroscopy-Assisted Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (F-PEG)—Single-Center Experience and Outcome
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Bongu Shruti Sagar , Mandalapu Narendra Babu , Ramachandraiah Gajendra , Khemka Vinit Kumar , Subbaraj Satyaprakash Bonthala 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground Gastrointestinal route is considered for feeding in subjects who are unable to swallow, either as a temporary or permanent option. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the preferred mode for long-term enteral nutrition. The aim was to study the outcome of protocol-based PEG placement in a tertiary medical center.Materials and Methods All the patients who underwent PEG placement between January 2017 and December 2019 were included in the retrospective study. Study variables were entered into a uniform structured proforma. The procedure was done by two people using Ponsky-Gauderer pull-technique. Fluoroscopy guidance was considered for placement in special situations. Post-procedure, all the patients were regularly followed as per protocol to evaluate for adverse events.Results One hundred and eighteen patients with placement of PEG were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 49.6 ± 7 years with 67.8% males. The most common indication of PEG was inability to swallow associated with head injury (43, 36.4%), followed by carcinoma esophagus (35, 29.8%) and stroke (24, 20.3%). Fluoroscopy was useful in 38 (32%) for PEG site identification. Tube dislodgement (16, 13.5%) and aspiration pneumonia (20, 16.9%) were the common adverse events. Age more than 60 years and dysphagia in neurologic disorders accounted for more than 60% of adverse events. Forty-nine (42%) of the PEG patients expired due to either primary illness or due to sepsis after a median time of 139 days (range: 32–288 days). There was no difference in the survival in patients with or without PEG-related complications (p = 0. 74).Conclusions Fluoroscopy assistance helps in accurate PEG placement in one third. Age > 60 years and dysphagia in neurologic disorders were independent risk factors associated with PEG tube complications.
Hierarchical structure is employed by humans during visual motion perception
Authors: Bill Johannes , Pailian Hrag , Gershman Samuel J. , Drugowitsch Jan 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceThe structured organization of motion in visual scenes is highly informative for our everyday perception: We recognize people by the way they walk, track objects through occlusion, or predict hazardous situations from the traffic flow. It is, however, unclear how our minds tame the overwhelmingly complex stream of dynamic information received by the retina to form such stable percepts. We argue that an observer can exploit a “divide-and-conquer” strategy where complex motion relations are broken down into compositions of simpler motions. Evidence for hierarchical decomposition comes from multiple object tracking and prediction experiments in which humans are able to exploit motion structure knowledge to improve performance. Our results can guide neuroscience experiments on the neural representation of structure.
Introduction to the templatic verb morphology of Birhor (Birhoɽ), a Kherwarian Munda language
Authors: Anderson Gregory D. S. , Jora Bikram 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBirhor (Birhoɽ) is a Kherwarian Munda language spoken in small enclaves in India, primarily in Hazaribagh, Ranchi, and Singhbhum districts and other small pockets in Jharkhand state. Birhor has to date been poorly documented, and even the basic properties of its core grammatical systems remain largely undescribed. All data used in this study come from field notes collected in several trips dating back to 2015. This paper is a preliminary attempt to identify the basic templatic structures of positive and negative finite conjugations in Birhor of both monovalent and polyvalent predicates. We discuss here two basic intersecting inflectional oppositions in the grammar of Birhor: (i) between perfective and imperfective tense-aspect forms (the imperfective includes imperfective and imperfect forms, and the perfective includes the past, the anterior and the perfect); and (ii) between monovalent predicates and polyvalent ones. Like all Kherwarian languages, Birhor has a nominative-accusative alignment of argument indexing and a complex templatic verb structure. It encodes subjects with monovalent stems. Polyvalent predicates encode two arguments, a first argument/syntactic subject and a second argument/syntactic ‘object’ following a primary object pattern. A complex array of different templates is thus found across positive and negative conjugations that contrast polyvalent vs. monovalent imperfective, perfective, and imperative forms. Many different formal templatic patterns are attested within each of the paradigmatic oppositional sets in Birhor. There are two formal subtypes of monovalent predicates. They contrast in both positive and negative conjugations, for both the imperfective and the perfective series of inflections. Polyvalent predicates also contrast the imperfective and the perfective series. Lastly, there are distinct templates for imperative and prohibitive of monovalent and polyvalent predicates as well.
Recovering a potential in damped wave equation from Neumann-to-Dirichlet operator
Authors: Romanov Vladimir , Hasanov Alemdar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The inverse coefficient problem of recovering the potential q(x) in the damped wave equation

m

(

x

)

u

t
t

+
μ

(

x

)

u

t

=

r

(

x

)

u

x

x

+
q

(

x

)

u

, (x, t) ∈ Ω
T
≔  (0, ℓ) × (0, T) subject to the boundary conditions r(0)u

x
(0, t) = f(t), u(ℓ, t) = 0, from the Dirichlet boundary measured output ν(t) ≔ u(0, t), t ∈ (0, T] is studied. A detailed microlocal analysis of regularity of the direct problem solution in the subdomains defined by the characteristics as well as along these characteristics is provided. Based on this analysis, necessary regularity results and energy estimates are derived. It is proved that the Dirichlet boundary measured output uniquely determines the potential q(x) in the interval [0, h(T/2)] and this solution belongs to C(0, h(T/2)) with T < T*, where h(z) is the root of the equation

z
=

∫

0

h

(

z

)

m

(

x

)

/
r

(

x

)

d
x

,

T

*

=
2

∫

0

ℓ

m

(

x

)

/
r

(

x

)

d
x

. Moreover, the global uniqueness theorem is proved. Compactness, invertibility and Lipschitz continuity of the Neumann-to-Dirichlet operator

Φ

f

[

⋅

]

:
Q
⊂
C

(

0
,
ℓ

)

↦

L

2

(

0
,
T

)

, Φ
f
[q](t) ≔ u(0, t; q) is proved. This allows us to prove an existence of a quasi-solution of the inverse problem defined as a minimum of the Tikhonov functional

J

(

q

)

≔

(

1
/
2

)

‖

Φ

f

[

⋅

]

−
ν

‖

L

2

(

0
,
T

)

2

as well as its Fréchet differentiability. An explicit formula for the Fréchet gradient is derived by making use of the unique solution to corresponding adjoint problem. The proposed approach is leads to very effective gradient based computational identification algorithm.
Magneto-optical transmission in magnetic nanoparticle suspensions for different optical applications: a review
Authors: Jing Dengwei , Sun Le , Jin Jingyu , Thangamuthu Madasamy , Tang Junwang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recently, the magneto-optical properties of magnetic nanofluids have received increasing attention due to their wide range of applications in solar energy conversions and also as smart fluids in tunable photonic devices, optical switch, optical fiber sensor, etc. This review discusses up-to-date developments in magneto-optical transmission in ferrofluids. The magnetic nanoparticle would undergo various structural transitions under external magnetic field, including chainlike formation and lateral coalescence which, in turn, leads to various interesting light transmission phenomena. It is thus possible to alter the properties of the transmitted light by adjusting the orientation of the magnetic field with respect to that of the incident light. The polarization direction of light has a negligible effect on the magneto-optical transmission while light passing along the magnetic field. However, it makes a significant difference for light normal to the field direction. These characteristics are comprehensively reviewed, and their potential applications are presented. It is supposed to provide a general view on the research trends, existing problems and future work for the investigation of magneto-optical transmission in magnetic nanofluids.