bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of P TEN&nbsp;Protein Phosphatase&nbsp;in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The Ability of TGF-β1&nbsp;Inducing Migration and Invasion was Inhibited by PTEN&nbsp;Protein Phosphatase&nbsp;through Down-regulating p-P38
Authors: Zhang Junjun , Zhou Ni , Wang Shuilian , Gong Pinggui , Zhao Xiangdong , Peng Hong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe phosphatase and tensin homolog gene(PTEN) is a crucial cancersuppressor gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC),which encodes the protein i-ncluding lipid phosphatase and protein phosphatase.p-P38 plays a vital role in the development process of cancers.However,whether and how PTEN protein p-hosphatase inhibit p-P38 expression and regulate migration and invasion in nas-opharyngeal carcinoma is still fully elucidated.MethodsThe abilities of migration and invasion were analyzed using Scratch,Transwell,Boyden experiments in NPC cells.Westere Blot was utilized to explo-re the expression of E-caherin,N-caherin and VIMENTIN in Epithelial-mesench-ymal transition(EMT),P38,p-P38(Thr180/Tyr182),AKT,p-AKT(Ser473),PTEN and its mutants.qPCR was done to detect the mRNA expression of PTEN and PTEN mutants.Immunofluorescence localization assay and Co-immunoprecipitatio-n assay was used to explore the mutual combination of PTEN and P38.ResultsWe verified that transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) could induce migration,invasion,and EMT in NPC again,and appropriate concentration was 5ng/ml.Interesting,we demonstrated that 5ng/ml TGF-β1 enhanced the level of p-AKT(Ser473)and p-P38(Thr180/Tyr182).Further more,after overexpression of PTEN WT and various mutants including PTEN-C124S(lacking of both lipid p-hosphatase and protein phosphatase),PTEN-G129E(only lacking of lipid phosph-atase but remaining protein phosphatase),PTEN-Y138L(lacking of protein phosp-hatase but remaining lipid phosphatase),and PTEN 1-353(Lack of c-tail structur-e),we observed that PTEN protein phosphatase reduced the ability of migration,invasion by inhibiting TGF-β1-induced p-P38,but the PTEN c-tail did not invo-lvein this process.At last,we confirmed PTEN could bind to P38 each other.ConclusionsThe asssys in the study indicated that PTEN protein phosphatasemight be anticancer,where it was able to inhibit the ability of TGF-β1 inducingmigration and invasion by reducing p-P38 in NPC cells.
Another aspect of surgical residency training for future professional development through the application of mentorship program
Authors: Chan Kun-Ming , Hsu Jun-Te , Yeh Chun-Nan , Yeh Ta-Sen , Lee Wei-Chen , Lien Hsin-Yi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Traditionally, surgical residency training is more focused on obtaining surgical skills through a well-established coaching system worldwide. However, constant advances in medical science require surgeons to learn not only surgical skills but also the ability of scientific research to improve clinical practice and future professional development. The study aims to emphasize that professional education in terms of scientific research is also significant for surgical residency training.
Methods

All residents who entered the surgery residency program of the Department of Surgery in Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between years 2006 and 2015 were evaluated in the study. Generally, every resident is assigned to a mentor since the first year of residency. Then, the mentor would help the resident qualify a two-step evaluation in terms of scientific research during the residency training program.
Results

A total of 193 residents were evaluated in the study. All of them had completed the first step regarding oral presentation of their designated research, and the majority of residents obtained 80–90 points that were rated by referees. Overall, 102 residents (52.8%) had completed the second step with the publication of a research manuscript. The percentage of residents who had fulfilled the criteria of this two-step assessment ranged from 35.3–81.8% by year.
Conclusions

Surgical training has become more complex and challenging for residents nowadays. The continuing education for surgical residents should not be limited in coaching clinical practice. Scientific research is also essential for current surgical residency training, and a formal mentorship program may be beneficial for the future professional development of surgical residents.
Integrating GRACE products and land surface models to estimate changes in key components of terrestrial water storage in the Nile River Basin
Authors: Nigatu Zemede M. , Fan Dongming , You Wei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Nile River Basin (NRB) is facing extreme pressure on its water resources due to an alarmingly increasing population that is extremely vulnerable in aspects of irrigation and hydropower. The NRB ascends itself to remotely sensed approaches with high resolution of spatial and temporal coverage as disparate to ground-based in-situ observations due to its size and limited access from basin countries. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) allow a unique opportunity to investigate the changes in key components of Terrestrial Water Storage (TWS). Differences in tuning parameters and processing strategies result in GRACE TWS solutions with regionally specific variations and error patterns. We explored the spatiotemporal changes of the TWS time series, trend, uncertainties, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) among different GRACE TWS. We had also investigated the key terrestrial water storage components (surface water, soil moisture, and groundwater storage changes). The results show that the uncertainty of GRACE spherical harmonic (SH) solutions are higher than the mass concentration (mascon) over the NRB, and the Center for Space Research-mascons (CSR-M) noted the first best performance. Substantially, significant long-term (2003–2017) negative groundwater and soil moisture trend demonstrates a potential depletion over NRB. Despite an increase in precipitation and TWS time series, the rate of decline noted to increase rapidly from 2008, thus indicating the possibility of human-induced change ( e.g., for irrigation purposes). Thus, the result of this study provides a guiding principle for future studies in TWS change-related hydro-climatic change over NRB and similar basins.
Vertical equity in access to health insurance services: A qualitative analysis of perceptions and enrolment in the Jirapa Municipality, North-western Ghana
Authors: Domapielle Maximillian Kolbe , Akurugu Constance Awinpoka , Derbile Emmanuel Kanchebe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Abstract Background: Cost continues to be an important barrier to accessing health services in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) partly due to the inability of health systems in those settings to adequately implement equity measures that aim to offer financial protection to disadvantaged population groups such as indigenous and rural residents. Drawing on a framework for assessing financial access to health services, this article provides evidence of vertical inequity in the distribution of the cost of national health insurance contribution among rural and urban residents in a municipality in northern Ghana. Methods: A qualitative approach was used to collect and analyse the data. Specifically, the concurrent use of in-depth interviews and observation provided the needed data to critically analyse the relationship between location, livelihoods and ability to pay for health insurance services. Results: The paper argues that flat rate contributions for populations in the informal sector of the economy and lack of flexibility and adaptability of timing premium collections to the needs of the poor contradict the vertical equity objectives of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). The current payment arrangement makes the cost of NHIS membership disproportionately higher for rural residents. Conclusion: As this might deter them from enrolling in the scheme as much as their urban counterparts, we advocate strict adherence and implementation of the scheme’s vertical equity measures through the adoption of the Ghana National Household Register (GNHR) as a tool for ensuring that contributions are graduated according to income and collection is well-timed.
Genomics and Prognosis Analysis of Circadian clock genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: He Qikuan , Guo Pengyi , Lin Yunshou , Zhang Zhongjing , Lv Yanning , Xiang Yukai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Circadian clock genes have been reported to exhibit a regulatory effect on the carcinogenesis and progression of numerous cancers. Nevertheless, the specific relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and circadian rhythm associated genes still remain to be clarified. Therefore, we evaluate the prognosis function of circadian clock genes in HCC with the online datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the international cancer genome consortium (ICGC). Methods: In our research, the RNA-seq of the selected core circadian genes in HCC patients and their relevant clinical data were acquired from the online TCGA database and the ICGC database. R software and cBioPortal website were performed. Results: As consequence, among the 22 typical circadian clock genes, 16 genes were statistically expressed between HCC and adjacent normal tissues. Accordingly, 11 clock genes with regression coefficients were used to constitute a new risk score formula, which was related to the prognosis in HCC. Moreover, the new nomogram, which consisting risk score and several clinical traits , could be applied for the purpose of accurate prediction of the OS time for the patients. Finally, we identified a novel nomogram related with OS in HCC patients with a comprehensive analysis of circadian clock genes and other clinical characteristics profiles. It was also the first time we systematically demonstrated the relationship between clock genes and the HCC prognosis, which would contribute to the treatment of HCC. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated the potential of circadian clock genes as clinically associated biomarkers for prognosis prediction in HCC, which may make a significant contribution to the further investigations of HCC progression.
Luteolin: A Dietary Molecule as Potential Anti-COVID-19 Agent
Authors: Ansari Waseem Ahmad , Ahamad Tanveer , Khan Mohsin Ali , Khan Zaw Ali , Khan Mohammad Faheem 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Luteolin (Lut) is an important plant-derived flavonoid that is widely distributed in edible herbs and vegetables. Studies on animal and human models have shown that Lut exhibits various pharmacological properties, viz. anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and neurotrophic actions. The ongoing pandemic coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), is a disease of the respiratory tract that consists of mild to severe symptoms of pneumonia including fever, muscle aches, sore throat, coughing, and shortness of breath. It is of particular concern in older people and patients with chronic diseases having cardiovascular and blood clotting issues or who have compromised immune. This situation prompted us to evaluate the bioactive compounds which are being used to prevent respiratory-related illness. Lut is one such compound which is used as an anti-inflammatory agent. Several studies have explained the protective nature of Lut by inhibiting virus entry and fusion with human receptors in old SARS-CoV that had emerged in 2003. Thus, regular consumption of foods having adequate amount of Lut in our diet may be helpful in inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2 infection as well and may prevent the consequent symptoms in COVID-19 patients. In present work, we have carried out the molecular docking studies of Lut with six different SARS-CoV-2 encoded key proteins. The FDA-approved drug remdesivir was also evaluated as control to compare the results. Lut showed excellent inhibitory action against papain-like proteinase, a main protease of SARS-CoV-2. Lut was also many times more active than remdesivir. Therefore, the foods which have Lut in adequate amount might be explored further for potential use against COVID-19
Managing resident workforce and residency training amid COVID-19 pandemic: Scoping review of adaptive approaches
Authors: Tolu Lemi , Feyissa Garumma Tolu , Jeldu Wondimu Gudu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The impact of Covid-19 on the healthcare system and training is tremendous and unpredictable. In addition to service re-organization, teaching institutions will have to devise adaptive mechanisms to cope up with the disruption in medical education and residency training.Objective: to review available adaptive residency training approaches and management of resident work force in different residency programs amid Covid-19 pandemicMethods and materials: We searched for websites of different professional associations and international or national specialty accreditation institutions. We looked for English studies (any form), reviews or editorials, perspectives, short or special communications, and position papers on residency education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, we searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar using keywords. Data extraction was done by two independent reviewers using a customized tool that was developed to record the key information of the source that’s relevant to the review question. The difference between the two authors on data extraction was resolved by discussion.Results: We identified 13 documents reporting on residency education during pandemics. Three were articles,5 short or special communications, and the rest editorials and perspectives. We divided the data obtained into six thematic areas: resident staffing, clinical education, surgical education, didactic teaching, research activity, and accreditation process.Conclusions: Residency programs must reorganize the resident's staffing and provide appropriate training to ensure the health and safety of residents during the pandemics. There are feasible adaptive approaches of maintaining residency trainings in the domains of didactic teaching, clinical education and some research activities. Although some innovative virtual surgical skills training methods are implemented in limited surgical residency disciplines, their effectiveness is not well examined. Guidance and flexibility of the accreditation bodies in ensuring competency of residents is one component of the response to the Covid-19 pandemic.
Nurses suffered with more psychological symptoms when fighting against novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19): a longitudinal observational survey of medical staff
Authors: Zhang You-Ping , Yuan Hai-Tao , Song Ya-Qin , Jia Jing , Mi Wei , Wang Yan-Lin , Wang Jia , Li Da-Yong , Zhu Wei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective.

Our objective is to investigate and analyze the psychological status of medical staff in a designated community hospital for COVID-19.
Methods.

We conducted a survey on medical staff in a designated community hospital for COVID-19 among the during-pandemic group (n = 120) and the after-pandemic group (n = 34). The symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) questionnaire was used as a self-report instrument for the measurement of psychopathological complaints.
Results.

The during-pandemic group consisted of 120 individuals, including doctors (n = 36), nurses (n = 69) and technicians (n = 15). The SCL-90 sum scores showed no difference among doctors, nurses, and technicians (P > 0.05), but the somatization (SOM) item-scores of nurses were significantly higher than those of doctors and technicians (all P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the paranoid ideation (PAR) item-scores of nurses were significantly higher than those of doctors (P < 0.05). The after-pandemic group consisted only of nurses (n = 34). The score of each dimension of SCL-90 in nurses after the pandemic were relatively lower than that in nurses during the pandemic.
Conclusions.

Our study showed that nurses suffered with more psychological symptoms when fighting against COVID-19. The emergence of COVID-19 was the main factor leading to psychological problems of nurses.
Prevalence of Premenstrial Disphoric Disorder Associated Factors among Students of Tabor Secondary and Preparatory School in Hawassa City, Ethiopia Cross Sectional
Authors: Tadesse Mulugeta Gobena , Dire Dereje Dirago , Abraham Yacob Yacob 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)-is a severe and disabling form of premenstrual Syndrome affecting 3-8% of menstruating women. The disorder consists of a cluster of affective, behavioral and somatic symptoms that recur monthly during the luteal phase the menstrual cycle. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) was added to the list of depressive disorders in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders in 2013. The exact pathogenesis of the disorder is still unclear.Objective: To assess the prevalence of PMDD and its associated factors among students of Hawassa tabor secondary and preparatory school.Method: A cross sectional institutional based was conducted among 351 randomly selected female students of Hawassa tabor school. Data was collected by three students were facilitate the works with closed ended structured questionnaire and they was trained on how to collect the data. The collected data was entered, analyzed and cleaned by SPS.Results: prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in this study was 76.9%. Of each symptom is more than ninety present or 324 (92.3%) respondents can’t have experience unpleasant physical or emotional symptoms peculiar to the five days before the onset of menses & 27(7.7%) participants have show the symptoms. Among those 26 (7.4%) have present for the past ≥3 consecutive cycles. 46 (13.1%) have family history of such symptoms.Conclusions: These findings have implications for both women and medical providers, who should be aware that PMS symptoms are prevalent and often distressing, yet also understand that the severity of symptoms may remit over time.
Ethanol extracted from radix of Actinidia chinensis inhibits human colon tumor through inhibiting Notch-signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Wanle , Wu Chenchen , Yuan Chenchen , Chen Minyuan , Jin Chun , Zheng Chenguo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Abstract: Background

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common tumors, and its five-year survival is still very low despite of the advance of treatment strategies. The antitumor effect of ethanol extracted from radix of Actinidia chinensis (EERAC) were identified in human colon cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Methods

Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were measured with CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays. Cell apoptosis and cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to measure expression of target molecules. Xenograft tumor assay was applied to detect the influence of EERAC on tumor growth.

Results

In the present study, we found that EERAC inhibited the cell viability, migration, and invasion of SW480 cells in a concentration dependent manner, but promoted apoptosis and the cell percentage in S phase significantly. The suppression of notch-signaling pathway molecules (Notch1, Jagged1, and c-Myc) by EERAC was confirmed using western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. The significant inhibition of tumor growth by EERAC was also observed. Meanwhile, EERAC remarkably reversed the effects of MAML1 (activator of notch-signaling pathway) on cell survival of SW480.

Conclusions

Therefore, EERAC might be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for CRC treatment.
Measuring the contributions of elderly and non-elderly age-groups to the disability burden in India: A Decomposition Analysis.
Authors: Chanda Srei , Puri Parul , Yadav Ravita 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Disability has been an essential component of the health and development framework of India. Despite policy norms, a surge in disability across the population interrogates the role of the increasing elderly population in terms of chronic diseases led disabilities. The regional variation in demographic transitions possesses an unequal risk for the occurrence of disability in the population. The demographic and socio-economic factors can explain the inequality contributed by the elderly and non-elderly population. Methods We have used the National Sample Survey-76th round (2018) to measure the risk difference of disability between elderly and non-elderly age-groups across selected background characteristics. Fairlie’s decomposition technique has been adopted to measure the contribution made by the socio-economic factors in explaining the differences in the prevalence of disability. Distribution of states with respect to prevalence and risk difference of disability between elderly and non-elderly are plotted, to understand the regional inequality in the occurrence of disability in India. Results The study calculates a risk difference of 68 per 1000 population in India, explaining a higher risk of disability among the elderly that varies across socio-economic factors. Belonging from the Central region of India represents a higher risk of disability at old age (risk difference 76.8 per 1000 population) than the rest of the regions in India. Gender, marital status, and education explain 72 percent of the gap in the occurrence of disability between two broad age-groups. Despite having a similar disability prevalence, Kerala and Odisha have risk differences of 32 and 85 per 1000 population, respectively. Conclusions The gap in the disability prevalence is significantly explained by the marital status and educational status of the individuals. Disparity in the risk difference of disability among elderly and non-elderly across states suggests that large size of the elderly population is not the only reason for the increasing disability burden in India. Inadequate healthcare infrastructure and access also results into an unmet health care need pertaining to disability. Study suggests a policy relevance for disability-inclusive and geriatric centric healthcare and social supports in synchronisation with the demand realised by the states in India.
Utility of a multi-tracer approach as a component of adaptive monitoring for municipal wastewater impacts
Authors: Tanna Rajiv N. , Moncur Michael C. , Birks S. Jean , Gibson John J. , Ptacek Carol J. , Mayer Bernhard , Wieser Michael E. , Wrona Fred J. , Munkittrick Kelly R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Distinguishing municipal wastewater effluent (MWWE) from other industrial effluents or through an urbanized watershed can be challenging. In complex receiving environments, linking environmental responses to specific compounds or effluents is not always straight forward. In order to characterize the inherent complexity of tracing MWWE in aquatic systems influenced by multiple stressors, a proposed multi-tracer suite is intended to highlight areas of potential biological concern. Characterization and quantification of effluent exposure to aquatic biota in this manner is essential to shape policies intended to encourage wastewater infrastructure development (i.e. treatment plant upgrade) and broader environmental management. This paper describes the use of a comprehensive suite of tracers that includes isotopes in support of a core surveillance program, demonstrating its effectiveness both empirically and with respect to diagnostic value contributed to monitoring programs.