bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POTENTIAL ROLE OF ANNONA SQUAMOSA LINN EXTRACT AND N-ACETYL CYSTEINE IN MANAGEMENT OF RIFAMPICIN-INDUCED HEPATOXICITY IN RATS
Authors: MOTELP BOSY AZMY ABD EL , DARWISH HADER FAWZY , ELDAYEM SAMIHA MOHAMED ABD , FOUDA FATMA MOKHTAR 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Rifampicin (RIF) could be a recognized therapeutic and preventive agent against tuberculosis. Still, high rates of many side effects and symptoms related to hepatotoxicity have identified during treatment. So, the current study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Annona Squamosa Linn (MEAS) and N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) against RIF induced hepatic injury in male rats.
Methods: The hepatoprotective effects of MEAS (500 mg/kg b.wt.) and NAC (100 mg/kg b.wt.) or co-treatment were assessed in a model of hepatotoxicity by RIF (300 mg/kg b. wt.) in male rats daily for 21 d. Moreover, bilirubin, total protein, albumin, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, MDA, and GSH were estimated. In addition, the levels of IL-6, IL-10, 8(OH)dG, and Bcl2 were evaluated.
Results: The oral administration of MEAS and NAC or their combination resulted in significant reductions in the levels of bilirubin, albumin, hepato-specific markers namely ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, and MDA as compared to the RIF group. Furthermore, MEAS and NAC or the combination of MEAS and NAC treatment significantly up-regulated the levels of total protein, glutathione reductase with concomitant decrease in inflammatory marker level IL-6 and apoptotic marker level 8(OH)dG as well as increment the level of anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 and anti-apoptotic marker Bcl2 as compared to the RIF group. Histological examination of the liver tissue indicated that co-treatment with MEAS and NAC completely abolished the inflammation and degeneration in hepatocytes and restore the liver tissue to its normal structure.
Conclusion: The present findings demonstrated that a co-treatment of MEAS and NAC seems to be more productive and curative than alone MEAS or NAC treatment and strongly compensated the liver damage induced by RIF.
Gambaran Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien terhadap Pelayanan FNAB di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Tahun 2018
Authors: Mayro Simanjuntak , Nugroho Eko , Simatupang Oswald L 
Published: August 2020

Abstrak
Kepuasan pasien adalah suatu tingkat perasaan pasien yang timbul akibat dari kinerja layanan kesehatan yang diperoleh setelah pasien membandingkan dengan apa yang diharapkannya, sehingga kepuasan pasien bergantung pada kualitas pelayanan yang diterimanya. Untuk menilai kualitas pelayanan terdapat 5 dimensi yang dapat diukur, yaitu keandalan (reliability), daya tanggap (responsiveness), jaminan (assurance), empati (empathy), dan keberwujudan (tangible). Makin baik kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan, maka akan semakin tinggi tingkat kepuasan pasien. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan di laboratorium patologi anatomi RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Penelitian deskriptif dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling pada pasien yang datang ke Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie, Samarinda, yang memenuhi kriteria. Data yang peroleh berasal dari data primer dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dikerjakan secara terbimbing. Terdapat kesenjangan (gap) harapan sebesar -0,6 untuk dimensi keandalan, -0,2 untuk dimensi daya tanggap, -0,2 untuk dimensi jaminan, -0,1 dimensi empati, dan -0,9 untuk dimensi keberwujudan. Tingkat kepuasan pasien adalah 96% responden puas dan 4% responden tidak puas.
Kata kunci: kepuasan pasien, pelayanan kesehatan, keandalan, daya tanggap, jaminan Abstract
Patient satisfaction is a level of patient's feelings rising from the performance of health services that are obtained after the patient compares it with what he expected, so that patient satisfaction depends on the quality of service received. To assess service quality there are 5 dimensions that can be measured, namely reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangible. The better quality of service provided, the higher the level of patient satisfaction. To determine the level of patient satisfaction with services in the anatomical pathology laboratory of the Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital, Samarinda. Descriptive study was conducted by purposive sampling technique carried out on 50 patients who came to the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital, in Samarinda that met the criteria. The data obtained comes from primary data using a questionnaire that is done in a guided manner. There was an expectation gap of -0.6 for reliability dimensions, -0.2 for responsiveness dimensions, -0,2 for assurance dimensions, -0.1 empathy dimensions and -0,9 for tangible dimensions. The level of patient satisfaction was 96% of respondents were satisfied and 4% of respondents were dissatisfied.
Keywords: patient satisfaction, health services, reliability, responsiveness, assurance
Hubungan antara Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada Siswa SMPN 251 Jakarta
Authors: Angela Maria , Sianturi Sondang Ratnauli , Supardi Sudibyo 
Published: August 2020

Abstrak
HIV/AIDS merupakan penyakit menular yang memiliki angka kejadian tinggi di dunia. Hal ini disebabkan masih rendahnya pengetahuan, informasi dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang penyakit HIV/AIDS, masih adanya stigma sosial dan diskriminasi, keterbatasan tenaga konselor atau psikolog, dan keterbatasan sosialisasi di daerah terpencil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada siswa/siswi SMPN 251 Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuantitatif potong lintang. Sampel penelitian mencakup semua siswa-siswi kelas VIII berjumlah 139 sampel dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase terbesar siswa-siswi memiliki pengetahuan HIV/AIDS yang baik (95,3%), sikap positif (95%) dan perilaku pencegahan baik (95%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS, tetapi terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara sikap dan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada siswa/siswi SMPN 251 Jakarta.
Kata kunci: HIV/AIDS, pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku pencegahan, siswa SMP
Abstract
HIV/AIDS is a communicable disease that has a high incidence in the world. This is due to the low level of knowledge, information and public awareness about HIV/ AIDS, social stigma and discrimination, limited counselors or psychologists, and limited socialization in remote areas. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of HIV/AIDS prevention among students of SMPN 251 (State Junior High School) Jakarta. This study used a cross-sectional quantitative design. The study sample included all students of class VIII totaling 139 samples with a total sampling technique. The results showed the largest percentage of students had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS (95.3%), positive attitude (95%) and good prevention behavior (95%). There was no significant relationship between HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge and behavior, but there was a significant relationship between HIV/AIDS prevention attitudes and behavior in students of SMPN 251 Jakarta.
Keywords: knowledge, attitudes, prevention behavior, HIV/ AIDS, junior high school
Implementasi Program Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular di Provinsi Jawa Barat Tahun 2015
Authors: Andayasari Lelly , Opitasari Cicih 
Published: August 2020

Abstrak
Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular (Posbindu PTM) merupakan salah satu bentuk pemberdayaan peran serta masyarakat untuk pengendalian penyakit tidak menular. Saat ini terjadi peningkatan prevalensi penyakit tidak menular di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi implementasi program Posbindu PTM di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan focus group discussion. Informan utama berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan, Puskesmas, kader, dan masyarakat. Data kuantitatif didapatkan dari 187 responden yang berkunjung ke Posbindu PTM. Sebagian besar adalah perempuan dan berumur 45 tahun ke atas. Faktor pendukung pelaksanaan program Posbindu PTM adalah adanya pedoman Posbindu PTM, Posbindu kit, kader yang mampu mengidentifikasi faktor risiko PTM, kesiapan tenaga medis dan paramedik dalam penanganan PTM, serta adanya dukungan dari kepala Dinas kesehatan dalam menangani PTM. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah dana yang terbatas, kurang lengkapnya penyuluhan yang diberikan kader, kurangnya dukungan dari perangkat desa, dan tidak adanya tenaga medis/paramedik. Perlu peningkatan sosialisasi program Posbindu PTM dalam meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap kesehatan, serta dilengkapinya Buku Pedoman Posbindu PTM dan Posbindu kit untuk masing-masing Posbindu PTM.
Kata kunci: Posbindu PTM, kader, dana, PTM
Abstract
Integrated coaching post for non-communicable diseases (Posbindu PTM) is a form of empowering community participation to control non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Currently, there is an increase in the prevalence of NCDs in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to identify the implementation of the Posbindu PTM program in West Java Province. This was a cross sectional study. The data collected was quantitative and qualitative data. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The informants of the study came from the district health agency, public health centers, cadres and the community. A total of 187 participants visiting Posbindu PTM were interviewed, mostly were women and aged ≥ 45 years. Supporting factors for the implementation of the Posbindu PTM program are the availability of guidelines and Posbindu kit, capability of cadres to identify the risk factors of NCDs, readiness of medical and paramedical personnel in non communicable management and the support from the head of the health department in non communicable management. The inhibiting factors are limited budget, lack of counseling by cadres, lack of support from village officials, and lack of medical/ paramedical personnel. It is necessary to increase the socialization of the Posbindu PTM program in increasing awareness of their health and to complete the guidelines and kits for each Posbindu PTM.
Keywords: Posbindu PTM, cadres, funding, PTM
HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS ANEMIA, TINGKAT AKTIVITAS FISIK, KEBIASAAN SARAPAN DAN DEPRESI PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Hermanto Restu Amalia , Kandarina BJ Istiti , Latifah Leny 
Published: August 2020

Latar Belakang. Depresi pada remaja merupakan pencetus beban penyakit, mengakibatkan kerugian karena kehilangan produktivitas, dan meningkatkan risiko sindrom metabolik saat dewasa. Gangguan mental emosional pada kelompok usia 15-24 tahun di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) sebesar 9,5 persen. Zat besi mempunyai peran penting dalam pembentukan perilaku emosional karena perannya sebagai kofaktor sintesis serotonin dan dopamin otak. Selain itu, tingkat aktivitas fisik dan pola makan (kebiasaan sarapan) berkontribusi juga dalam menjaga keseimbangan neurotransmiter tersebut. Defisiensi zat besi merupakan faktor utama penyebab anemia pada remaja putri. Prevalensi anemia remaja putri di Kota Yogyakarta mencapai 35,2 persen pada tahun 2012. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status anemia, tingkat aktivitas fisik, kebiasaan sarapan, dan depresi pada remaja putri di Kota Yogyakarta. Metode. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 250 remaja putri SMA usia 14-18 tahun di Kota Yoyakarta. Depresi remaja diukur menggunakan Inventori Depresi Remaja (IDR) dan kadar hemoglobin untuk menentukan status anemia. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan chi square. Hasil. Ada hubungan antara kebiasaan sarapan dengan depresi pada remaja putri (RP= 1,52; CI= 1,071-2,162; p<0,05).Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara anemia (RP= 1,7; CI= 0,969-3,034; p>0,05), tingkat aktivitas fisik rendah (RP= 0,9; CI= 0,461-1,809; p>0,05) dengan kejadian depresi pada remaja putri di Kota Yogyakarta. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan zat besi dengan depresi. Namun, terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan sarapan dan depresi pada remaja (RP= 1,52 ; CI=1,071-2,162 ; p=<0,05). Kesimpulan. Kebiasaan sarapan pagi dapat dikaitkan dengan kejadian depresi pada remaja putri. Walaupun proporsi depresi remaja cukup tinggi dalam penelitian ini, namun hubungannya dengan anemia belum dapat dibuktikan secara signifikan.
Bitcoin and Blockchain: Audit Implications of the Killer Bs
Authors: Dunn Ryan T. , Jenkins J. Gregory , Sheldon Mark D. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
This case examines auditing implications of Bitcoin and blockchain, and is intended for either undergraduate or graduate auditing and assurance courses. Students are asked to engage in aspects of planning and risk assessment for the audit of an online retailer. The case provides an interesting setting in which to achieve the learning objectives of: (1) identifying risks of material misstatement, (2) linking risks of material misstatement to relevant financial statement assertions, (3) explaining changes in audit procedures for responding to risks, (4) understanding a financial statement auditor's use of service auditor reports, and (5) understanding management specialists and the role they play in an audit. The modular case can be used for in-class discussion or as an out-of-class assignment and requires minimal advance preparation by the instructor. The case may be assigned in part or in its entirety. Student responses indicate the case is interesting and offers a positive learning experience.
Health Information: Applications and challenges in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lloyd Sheree , Walker Sue M , Goswami Ani 
Published: August 2020

Global health systems are under immense pressure with the exponential growth and spread of COVID-19. Public health and health system responses to the pandemic have relied on health information reporting, visualisation, and projections of incidence, morbidity, and mortality. This commentary aims to explore how health information has been used to inform the public, manage risk, understand capacity, prepare the health system and to plan public health strategy. We also aim to share the health information challenges and our insights to inform future debate and strategic investment. This paper will be relevant to health service and health information managers wanting to understand vulnerabilities and focus for future health information initiatives.
In This Issue
Authors: Briggs David 
Published: August 2020

Readers should be aware that this Special Covid Issue was not a planned or promoted issue but has been published as a direct result of authors submitting articles on the topic. In fact, some 17 articles were submitted with 13 articles being published. This represents articles predominantly from Asia Pacific countries, some eleven countries that reflect both the authors origin and the health system of the country on which they report.
The decision to publish what amounts to a third issue half way through our normal three issue annual series responds to that demand and a sense that the APJHM should respond to our authors and readers in what is a significant moment in health systems globally. The Journal believes it is important to record the pandemic event as perceived by academics and health professionals so that their voices are heard and that this might provide a basis for further research and publication as events unfurl and the pandemic continues.....
El Terrorismo Internacional en Afganistán (2000-2018)
Authors: Calvillo Cisneros José Miguel 
Published: August 2020

Los ataques terroristas en Afganistán han ido in crescendo desde el inicio de la intervención internacional. Existen más de diez grupos terroristas, pero los talibanes ostentan el monopolio de la violencia terrorista. El objetivo de los talibanes es recuperar el poder político para volver a instaurar un régimen teocrático extremista en el país, por lo que sus objetivos se circunscriben únicamente a un entorno geográfico determinado: el territorio afgano. Los talibanes tienen como objetivo volver a dirigir las instituciones afganas y para ello han emprendido una campaña de terror a través de atentados contra la población civil, las fuerzas internacionales y las instituciones afganas actuando como un tipo de organizaciones terrorista híbrida.
Afganistán es el segundo país del mundo en número de atentados y la afgana es la segunda nacionalidad que más muertes cuenta por ataques terroristas. El principal responsable es el grupo talibán, pero no podemos obviar que el terrorismo en el país es consecuencia directa de la intervención de los Estados Unidos y sus aliados en 2001. Tras casi veinte años de guerra, el terror se ha convertido en una dinámica habitual para la sociedad civil afgana que vive acostumbrada al horror del conflicto mientras espera una paz que nunca llega.
Application of the original method of intra-operative electrophysiological stimulation of recurrent laryngeal nerve with surgical interventions on the neck organs
Authors: Kovalenko Yu. V. , Tolstokorov A. S. , Kotov S. N. , Manakhov G. A. , Kurochkina E. N. 
Published: August 2020

The OBJECTIVE was the reduction in the frequency of specific complications of surgical treatment of patients with pathology of the thyroid and parathyroid glands using the original method of monitoring the neuro-functional activity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The research was conducted in two stages. At the first stage, the object of the topographic-anatomical study was 50 male and female corpses. The research, based on the fixed material, was focused upon the study of the anatomic special features of recurrent laryngeal nerves, their relations with neighboring structures, the study of peculiarities of recurrent laryngeal nerve syntopy and its neighboring structures to find the least traumatic way of incision during electroneurophysiological monitoring of activity. At the second stage, the object of the study was 60 patients with a benign pathology of the thyroid gland, who were operated on with the use of the original method of intra-operational visualization and control method over neuro-functional activity of recurrent laryngeal nerve.RESULTS. The frequency of the three different variants of topographic-anatomical position of recurrent laryngeal nerve depends on the side of the body. The safest, stable and the fastest one to be found is the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. Postoperative unilateral paresis of the larynx, diagnosed in 4 of 60 patients, is regarded as postischemic. Two-sided paresis of the larynx was diagnosed in 1 patient.CONCLUSION. This method allows to minimize the development of severe intraoperative complications, to reduce the frequency of postoperative paralysis and paresis of the larynx. Intra-operative visualization of recurrent laryngeal nerves is especially necessary during the repeated surgeries with postoperative scar transformations with wrong syntopy of neck organs and vascular-nerve structures, which makes it possible to minimize the number of postoperative paralyses and paresis of larynx and to get positive effect without carrying out the intubation of trachea among patients with postoperative paralysis of larynx or stenosis, and to avoid more serious damage of larynx or trachea in case of intubation.
Longitudinal-cross-linking method of the sternum osteosynthesis – an additional way for the prophylaxis of deep sternal infection in cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Kuznetsov D. V. , Gevorgyan A. A. , Novokshenov V. V. , Mikhailov K. M. , Kryukov A. V. , Khokhlunov S. M. 
Published: August 2020

The OBJECTIVE of the study was to compare the results of using the longitudinal – cross-linking method of sternum osteosynthesis with other methods (single wire stitches, 8-shaped wire stitches) for cardiosurgery patients.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The study included 3,150 patients, which were operated on in Samara cardiology dispensary named after V. P. Poliakov from 2012 to 2018. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (1397 patients, operated on from 2012 to 2014) used single wire stitches or 8-shaped wire stitches for sternum osteosynthesis. Group 2 (1753 patients, operated from 2015 to 2018) used the longitudinal -cross-linking method of sternum osteosynthesis. The incidence of instability of the sternum without infection, superficial postoperative wound infection, deep sternal infection and hospital mortality were evaluated.RESULTS. Groups (1–68 % of men, average age (59.4±9,9) years; 2–68 % of men, average age 62.3±8.5) were significantly different in obesity patients (25.6 & 29.3 %, p=0.02), amount of smokers (50.5 & 64.2 %, p<0.001) and amount of urgent cases (3 & 10 %, p<0.001). The incidence of sternal instability without infection was less in group 2 (0.64 & 0.29 %; OR, 2.29; 95 % CI, 0.76 to 6.8; p=0.1). The amount of deep sternal infection was significant less in group 2 (1.6 & 0.6 %; OR, 2.53; 95 % CI, 1.2 to 5.2; p=0.009). The hospital mortality was 3.9 % in group 1 and 2.96 % in group 2 (OR, 1.34; 95 % CI, 0.9 to 1.9; p=0.1).CONCLUSION. The longitudinal-cross-linking method of sternum osteosynthesis is the available method that can significantly reduce the incidence of deep sternal infection in cardiosurgery.
Comparative analysis of the results of bacteriological and chromato-mass-spectrometric studies of pleural exudate in patients with pleural empyema
Authors: Kotiv B. N. , Dzidzava I. I. , Suborova T. N. , Valiev G. V. , Barinov O. V. , Deinega I. V. , Voroshilova T. M. , Lishenko V. V. , Platonova A. G. , Shvedyuc V. V. 
Published: August 2020

The OBJECTIVE was to determine the possibility of using chromatography-mass spectrometry to select causal treatment for patients with pleural empyema.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The analysis of the results of examination and treatment of 207 patients with pleural empyema for the period from 2017 to 2018 was done. All patients underwent bacteriological examination, twenty patients from them underwent chromato-mass-spectrometric examination of pleural exudate.RESULTS. Patients were transferred to a specialized thoracic hospital from other medical institutions, where they received a course of empirical antibacterial therapy and drainage of the pleural cavity was performed. Bacteriological examination of the contents of the pleural cavity was positive in 112 (54.1 %) patients. The leading pathogens were gram-negative bacteria isolated from the contents of the pleural cavity in 45 % of patients with closed and 63.5 % – open pleural empyema. Polyantibiotic-resistant stocks of P. aeruginosa (30.4 %), K. pneumoniae (19.6 %) and A. baumannii (12.5 %) prevailed, which remained sensitive to polymyxin and, in some cases, to amikacin. In 25 (22.3 %) patients, micromycetes of the genus Candida were found. No growth of anaerobic microflora was detected. Chromato-mass-spectrometric examination of pleural exudate revealed markers of 30 taxa of bacteria, viruses and fungi that exceeded the norm by more than two times. Markers of gram-negative bacteria were not detected. The proportion of anaerobic microorganisms was 76.6 %, with the highest concentration found for bacteria of the genus Clostridium and Eubacterium.CONCLUSION. The choice of causal treatment for patients with pleural empyema is difficult due to the negative culturing from the contents of the pleural cavity in 45.9 % of patients, as well as the discordance between the results of bacteriological and chromato-mass-spectrometric studies. Diagnostic methods for detecting pathogens of pleural empyema require further improvement.