bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition to Adult IBD Care: A Pilot Multi-Site, Telehealth Hybrid Intervention
Authors: Gray Wendy N , Wagoner Scott T , Schaefer Megan R , Reed Bonney , Morgan Pamela , Holbrook Erin , Yacyshyn Bruce , Mackner Laura , Young Margaret , Maddux Michele , Saeed Shehzad A , Denson Lee A , Hommel Kevin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
Transition to adult IBD care continues to be a challenge. Efficacious models of improving transition to adult care in the United States are lacking. We present data from a pilot, prospective, non-randomized, intervention implemented at IBD centers in the Midwest and Southeast United States.

Design and Methods
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 16–20 years) with IBD and their parents completed a 4- to 5-month transition program (1 in-person group session; 4 individual telehealth sessions). Primary outcomes were feasibility (i.e., recruitment, retention, fidelity) and acceptability (i.e., program satisfaction). Secondary outcomes were changes in transition readiness, self-management skill acquisition, perceived readiness to transfer to adult care, and disease knowledge.

Results
The study exceeded goals for recruitment (target N = 20; actual: 36) and retention (target: 80%; actual: 86.11%). On average, it took participants 20.91 ± 3.15 weeks to complete our 4- to 5-month intervention and there were no deviations from the study protocol. Participant ratings for overall program satisfaction, perceived helpfulness, and program length and format were positive. Increases in transition readiness, t(30) = 8.30, d = 1.49, p &lt; .001, self-management skill acquisition, t(30) = 3.93, d = 0.70, p &lt; .001, and disease knowledge, t(30) = 8.20, d = 1.58, p &lt; .001 were noted. AYA- and parent-perceived transfer readiness also improved (p’s &lt; .05; d’s = 0.76–1.68).

Conclusions
This article presents feasibility and acceptability data for a 4- to 5-month transition intervention. Improvements in AYA transition readiness, self-management skill acquisition, IBD knowledge, and AYA/parent perceived transfer readiness were also observed.
Measuring the mixing scale of the ISM within nearby spiral galaxies
Authors: Kreckel Kathryn , Ho I-Ting , Blanc Guillermo A , Glover Simon C O , Groves Brent , Rosolowsky Erik , Bigiel Frank , Boquíen Médéric , Chevance Mélanie , Dale Daniel A , Deger Sinan , Emsellem Eric , Grasha Kathryn , Kim Jenny J , Klessen Ralf S , Kruijssen J M Diederik , Lee Janice C , Leroy Adam K , Liu Daizhong , McElroy Rebecca , Meidt Sharon E , Pessa Ismael , Sanchez-Blazquez Patricia , Sandstrom Karin , Santoro Francesco , Scheuermann Fabian , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Utomo Dyas , Watkins Elizabeth J , Williams Thomas G 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The spatial distribution of metals reflects, and can be used to constrain, the processes of chemical enrichment and mixing. Using PHANGS-MUSE optical integral field spectroscopy, we measure the gas-phase oxygen abundances (metallicities) across 7138 H ii regions in a sample of eight nearby disc galaxies. In Paper I, we measure and report linear radial gradients in the metallicities of each galaxy, and qualitatively searched for azimuthal abundance variations. Here, we examine the 2D variation in abundances once the radial gradient is subtracted, Δ(O/H), in order to quantify the homogeneity of the metal distribution and to measure the mixing scale over which H ii region metallicities are correlated. We observe low (0.03–0.05 dex) scatter in Δ(O/H) globally in all galaxies, with significantly lower (0.02–0.03 dex) scatter on small (&lt;600 pc) spatial scales. This is consistent with the measurement uncertainties, and implies the 2D metallicity distribution is highly correlated on scales of ≲600 pc. We compute the two-point correlation function for metals in the disc in order to quantify the scale lengths associated with the observed homogeneity. This mixing scale is observed to correlate better with the local gas velocity dispersion (of both cold and ionized gas) than with the star formation rate. Selecting only H ii regions with enhanced abundances relative to a linear radial gradient, we do not observe increased homogeneity on small scales. This suggests that the observed homogeneity is driven by the mixing introducing material from large scales rather than by pollution from recent and on-going star formation.
The Keck Baryonic Structure Survey: using foreground/background galaxy pairs to trace the structure and kinematics of circumgalactic neutral hydrogen at z ∼ 2
Authors: Chen Yuguang , Steidel Charles C , Hummels Cameron B , Rudie Gwen C , Dong Bili , Trainor Ryan F , Bogosavljević Milan , Erb Dawn K , Pettini Max , Reddy Naveen A , Shapley Alice E , Strom Allison L , Theios Rachel L , Faucher-Giguère Claude-André , Hopkins Philip F , Kereš Dušan 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
We present new measurements of the spatial distribution and kinematics of neutral hydrogen in the circumgalactic and intergalactic medium surrounding star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 2. Using the spectra of ≃3000 galaxies with redshifts 〈z〉 = 2.3 ± 0.4 from the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey, we assemble a sample of more than 200 000 distinct foreground-background pairs with projected angular separations of 3–500 arcsec and spectroscopic redshifts, with 〈zfg〉 = 2.23 and 〈zbg〉 = 2.57 (foreground, background redshifts, respectively.) The ensemble of sightlines and foreground galaxies is used to construct a 2D map of the mean excess $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$$\rm Ly\,\alpha$ optical depth relative to the intergalactic mean as a function of projected galactocentric distance (20 ≲ Dtran/pkpc ≲ 4000) and line-of-sight velocity. We obtain accurate galaxy systemic redshifts, providing significant information on the line-of-sight kinematics of $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ gas as a function of projected distance Dtran. We compare the map with cosmological zoom-in simulation, finding qualitative agreement between them. A simple two-component (accretion, outflow) analytical model generally reproduces the observed line-of-sight kinematics and projected spatial distribution of $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$. The best-fitting model suggests that galaxy-scale outflows with initial velocity vout ≃ 600 km s$^{-1}\,$ dominate the kinematics of circumgalactic $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ out to Dtran ≃ 50 kpc, while $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ at Dtran ≳ 100 kpc is dominated by infall with characteristic vin ≲ circular velocity. Over the impact parameter range 80 ≲ Dtran/pkpc ≲ 200, the $\rm{H\,{\small I}}$ line-of-sight velocity range reaches a minimum, with a corresponding flattening in the rest-frame $\rm Ly\,\alpha$ equivalent width. These observations can be naturally explained as the transition between outflow-dominated and accretion-dominated flows. Beyond Dtran ≃ 300 pkpc (∼1 cMpc), the line-of-sight kinematics are dominated by Hubble expansion.
Coupling thermal evolution of planets and hydrodynamic atmospheric escape in mesa
Authors: Kubyshkina Daria , Vidotto Aline A , Fossati Luca , Farrell Eoin 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The long-term evolution of hydrogen-dominated atmospheres of sub-Neptune-like planets is mostly controlled to by two factors: a slow dissipation of the gravitational energy acquired at the formation (known as thermal evolution) and atmospheric mass-loss. Here, we use mesa to self-consistently couple the thermal evolution model of lower atmospheres with a realistic hydrodynamical atmospheric evaporation prescription. To outline the main features of such coupling, we simulate planets with a range of core masses (5–20 M⊕) and initial atmospheric mass fractions (0.5–30 per cent), orbiting a solar-like star at 0.1 au. In addition to our computed evolutionary tracks, we also study the stability of planetary atmospheres, showing that the atmospheres of light planets can be completely removed within 1 Gyr and that compact atmospheres have a better survival rate. From a detailed comparison between our results and the output of the previous-generation models, we show that coupling between thermal evolution and atmospheric evaporation considerably affects the thermal state of atmospheres for low-mass planets and, consequently, changes the relationship between atmospheric mass fraction and planetary parameters. We, therefore, conclude that self-consistent consideration of the thermal evolution and atmospheric evaporation is of crucial importance for evolutionary modelling and a better characterization of planetary atmospheres. From our simulations, we derive an analytical expression between planetary radius and atmospheric mass fraction at different ages. In particular, we find that, for a given observed planetary radius, the predicted atmospheric mass fraction changes as age0.11.
Cytomegalovirus after kidney transplantation in 2020: moving towards personalized prevention
Authors: Hellemans Rachel , Abramowicz Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV)-related complications after kidney transplantation remain a substantial challenge. Rather than applying one preventive strategy to all at-risk patients, we can now adapt our strategy at the individual patient level. Antiviral prophylaxis or a strict pre-emptive strategy may be optimal for patients at the highest risk for CMV, while patients at lower risk may benefit particularly from pre-emptive monitoring and the administration of therapy only if needed. CMV-specific T-cell assays may be useful for further refining the pre-transplant determination of CMV risk, and for guiding decisions about antiviral therapy need or duration. An immunosuppressive regimen including a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor reduces CMV risk and may thus be an attractive option in some patients. New antiviral agents may further expand our therapeutic arsenal in the near future, and the prospects of CMV vaccination and adoptive T-cell therapy appear to be on the horizon.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced Rash and Mucositis in a Previously Healthy Man: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature
Authors: Gandelman Jocelyn S , Kim Elizabeth Y , Grzegorczyk Anne M , Zejnullahu Kreshnik , Edson Randall S 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe describe a case of a 33-year-old-male with Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis and review the literature on this newly described syndrome.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: A Pragmatic Effectiveness Trial of a Nonpharmacologic Alternative for the Treatment of Postoperative Pain
Authors: Ilfeld Brian M , Gelfand Harold , Dhanjal Sandeep , Hackworth Robert , Plunkett Anthony , Turan Alparslan , Vijjeswarapu Alice M , Cohen Steven P , Eisenach James C , Griffith Scott , Hanling Steven , Mascha Edward J , Sessler Daniel I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is an analgesic modality involving the insertion of a lead through an introducer needle followed by the delivery of electric current after needle withdrawal. This modality has been used extensively to treat chronic pain, but only small series have been published involving postoperative pain. The ultimate objective of this study is to determine the postoperative effects of percutaneous PNS following moderately to severely painful ambulatory surgery within a real-world clinical practice setting. The primary hypothesis is that surgical pain and opioid consumption during the initial 7 days after surgery will be reduced by percutaneous PNS compared with usual and customary analgesia (dual primary outcome measures).

Design
A multicenter pragmatic effectiveness trial. We are randomizing participants having painful orthopedic surgical procedures of the upper and lower extremity to receive 14 days of either 1) electrical stimulation or 2) sham in a double-masked fashion. End points are being assessed at various time points over 12 postoperative months.

Summary
The postoperative experience will be much improved if percutaneous PNS provides potent analgesia while concurrently decreasing opioid requirements following painful surgery. Because this modality can be administered for up to 60 days at home, it may provide postoperative analgesia that outlasts surgical pain yet has relatively few risks and, unlike opioids, has no systemic side effects or potential for abuse, addiction, and overdose. Percutaneous PNS has the potential to revolutionize postoperative analgesia as it has been practiced for the past century. This study will inform key stakeholders regarding an evidence-based nonpharmacologic approach to the management of postoperative pain.
Targeting Chronic Pain in Primary Care Settings by Using Behavioral Health Consultants: Methods of a Randomized Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Goodie Jeffrey L , Kanzler Kathryn E , McGeary Cindy A , Blankenship Abby E , Young-McCaughan Stacey , Peterson Alan L , Cobos Briana A , Dobmeyer Anne C , Hunter Christopher L , Blue Star John , Bhagwat Aditya , McGeary Donald D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Manualized cognitive and behavioral therapies are increasingly used in primary care environments to improve nonpharmacological pain management. The Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain (BCBT-CP) intervention, recently implemented by the Defense Health Agency for use across the military health system, is a modular, primary care–based treatment program delivered by behavioral health consultants integrated into primary care for patients experiencing chronic pain. Although early data suggest that this intervention improves functioning, it is unclear whether the benefits of BCBT-CP are sustained. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methods of a pragmatic clinical trial designed to test the effect of monthly telehealth booster contacts on treatment retention and long-term clinical outcomes for BCBT-CP treatment, as compared with BCBT-CP without a booster, in 716 Defense Health Agency beneficiaries with chronic pain.

Design
A randomized pragmatic clinical trial will be used to examine whether telehealth booster contacts improve outcomes associated with BCBT-CP treatments. Monthly booster contacts will reinforce BCBT-CP concepts and the home practice plan. Outcomes will be assessed 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after the first appointment for BCBT-CP. Focus groups will be conducted to assess the usability, perceived effectiveness, and helpfulness of the booster contacts.

Summary
Most individuals with chronic pain are managed in primary care, but few are offered biopsychosocial approaches to care. This pragmatic brief trial will test whether a pragmatic enhancement to routine clinical care, monthly booster contacts, results in sustained functional changes among patients with chronic pain receiving BCBT-CP in primary care.
Non-Bloch band theory and bulk–edge correspondence in non-Hermitian systems
Authors: Yokomizo Kazuki , Murakami Shuichi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we review our non-Bloch band theory in 1D non-Hermitian tight-binding systems. In our theory, it is shown that in non-Hermitian systems, the Brillouin zone is determined so as to reproduce continuum energy bands in a large open chain. By using simple models, we explain the concept of the non-Bloch band theory and the method to calculate the Brillouin zone. In particular, for the non-Hermitian Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model, the bulk–edge correspondence can be established between the topological invariant defined from our theory and existence of the topological edge states.
The Association of Obesity With Quadriceps Activation During Sit-to-Stand
Authors: Bollinger Lance M , Ransom Amanda L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
Obesity reduces voluntary recruitment of quadriceps during single-joint exercises, but the effects of obesity on quadriceps femoris muscle activation during dynamic daily living tasks, such as sit-to-stand (STS), are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine how obesity affects quadriceps muscle recruitment during STS.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 10 women who were lean and 17 women who were obese completed STS from a chair with arms crossed over the chest. Three-dimensional motion analysis was used to define 3 distinct phases (I–III) of the STS cycle. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and semitendinosus was measured.

Results
STS duration was greater (3.02 [SD = 0.75] seconds vs 1.67 [SD = 0.28] seconds) and peak trunk flexion angle was lower (28.9 degrees [SD = 10.4 degrees] vs 35.8 degrees [SD = 10.1 degrees]) in the women who were obese than in the women who were lean. The mean EMG activity of the knee extensors increased from phase I to phase II in both groups; however, the mean EMG activities of both the vastus medialis (32.1% [SD = 16.6%] vs 47.3% [SD = 19.6%] maximal voluntary isometric contraction) and the vastus lateralis (31.8% [SD = 19.4%] vs 47.5% [SD = 19.6%] maximal voluntary isometric contraction) were significantly lower during phase II in the women who were obese. The mean EMG activity of the semitendinosus increased throughout STS but was not significantly different between the 2 groups. Coactivation of the semitendinosus and knee extensors tended to be greater in the women who were obese but failed to reach statistical significance.

Conclusions
Knee extensor EMG amplitude was reduced in women who were obese during STS, despite reduced trunk flexion.

Impact
Reduced knee extensor recruitment during STS in obesity may redistribute forces needed to complete this task to other joints. Functional movement training may help improve knee extensor recruitment during STS in people who are obese.

Lay Summary
People with obesity often have low quadriceps muscle strength and impaired mobility during daily activities. This study shows that women who are obese have lower voluntary recruitment of quadriceps when rising from a chair than women who are lean do, which could increase workload on hip or ankle muscles during this important daily task. Quadriceps strengthening exercises might improve the ability to rise from sitting to standing.
A processual approach to friction in quadruple helix collaborations
Authors: Popa Eugen Octav , Blok Vincent , Wesselink Renate 
Published: September 2020

AbstractR&D collaborations between industry, government, civil society, and research (also known as ‘quadruple helix collaborations’ (QHCs)) have recently gained attention from R&D theorists and practitioners. In aiming to come to grips with their complexity, past models have generally taken a stakeholder-analytical approach based on stakeholder types. Yet stakeholder types are difficult to operationalise. We therefore argue that a processual model is more suited for studying the interaction in QHCs because it eschews matters of titles and identities. We develop such a model in which the QHC is represented as a process of generating four types of value: research value, market value, political value, and societal value. We then apply this processual model in analysing real-life cases of friction in QHCs. Friction is seen, not as an interpersonal clash, but as a discrepancy between two or more value-creation processes that compete for limited resources (some over-performing while others under-performing).
XIV Modern Literature
Authors: Ross Shawna , Bratton Francesca , Krzakowski Caroline , Corser Sophie , Keese Andrew , Phillips Joshua , West Mark , Cooper Samuel , D’Monte Rebecca , Martín Gustavo A Rodríguez , Saunders Graham , Masud Noreen , Creasy Matthew , Alonso Alex , O’Hanlon Karl 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis chapter has eight sections 1. General. 2. Fiction Pre-1945; 3. Fiction Post-1945; 4. Drama Pre-1950; 5. Drama Post-1950; 6. British Poetry 1900–1950; 7 British Poetry Post-1950; 8. Modern Irish Poetry. Section 1 is by Shawna Ross; section 2(a) is by Francesca Bratton; section 2(b) is by Caroline Krzakowski; section 2(c) is by Sophie Corser; section 2(d) is by Andrew Keese; section 2(e) is by Joshua Phillips; section 3(a) is by Mark West; section 3(b) is by Samuel Cooper; section 4(a) is by Rebecca D’Monte; section 4(b) is by Gustavo A. Rodríguez Martín; section 5 is by Graham Saunders; section 6(a) is by Noreen Masud; section 6(b) is by Matthew Creasy; section 7 is by Alex Alonso; section 8 is by Karl O’Hanlon.
Dysphagia, Immobility, and Diet Acceptance: Main Factors Associated with Increased Risk of Pressure Injury in Patients Hospitalized after Stroke
Authors: Schott Mairin , Golin Anieli , de Jesus Sibila Reck , Alves Bruna Pessoa , Dachi Leonardo , Cassol Milena Cervo , Brondani Juliana Ebling , Marques Clandio Timm , Colpo Elisângela 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To determine the predisposing factors for PI in patients hospitalized after stroke.

METHODS
This 7-day longitudinal study followed up with patients hospitalized after stroke. Assessments included mobility, nutrition, and the presence of dysphagia and anemia. The nutrition evaluation was based on anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary determinants. Pressure injury (PI) risk was assessed via the Braden Scale. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied.

RESULTS
Patients who were bedridden showed a greater risk of PI development upon admission (P = .004) and 7 days later (P < .001) compared with patients who could ambulate. Patients who were not dysphagic presented a lower risk of PI development in relation to patients who were dysphagic on admission (P = .047) and 7 days later (P < .001). On admission, patients with good and average diet acceptance had a lower PI risk (P = .002; P = .034) compared with those with a low acceptance. Body mass index was lower in patients at a high risk of developing PI compared with those at moderate risk (P = .02). Hemoglobin and hematocrit were statistically lower among patients who were at high risk of PI compared with patients who were low risk.

CONCLUSIONS
Predisposing factors such as immobility, dysphagia, low diet acceptance, nutrition risk, and anemia are associated with a greater risk of PI development.
Sphingomonas corticis sp. nov., and Sphingobacterium corticibacterium sp. nov., from bark canker
Authors: Li Yong , Wang Shengkun , Chang Ju-pu , Bian Dan-ran , Guo Li-min , Yang Xu-qi 
Published: September 2020

Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile bacterial strains, 36D10-4-7T and 30C10-4-7T, were isolated from bark canker tissue of Populus × euramericana, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain 36D10-4-7T shows 98.0 % sequence similarity to

Sphingomonas adhaesiva

DSM 7418T, and strain 30C10-4-7T shows highest sequence similarity to

Sphingobacterium arenae

H-12T (95.6 %). Average nucleotide identity analysis indicates that strain 36D10-4-7T is a novel member different from recognized species in the genus

Sphingomonas

. The main fatty acids and respiratory quinone detected in strain 36D10-4-7T are C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c and Q-10, respectively. The polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid, two uncharacterized phospholipids and two uncharacterized lipids. For strain 30C10-4-7T, the major fatty acids and menaquinone are iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1
ω7c and/or C16 : 1
ω6c and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and MK-7, respectively. The polar lipid profile includes phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids, two aminophospholipids and six unidentified lipids. Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, these two strains represent two novel species within the genera

Sphingomonas

and

Sphingobacterium

. The name Sphingomonas corticis sp. nov. (type strain 36D10-4-7T=CFCC 13112T=KCTC 52799T) and Sphingobacterium corticibacterium sp. nov. (type strain 30C10-4-7T=CFCC 13069T=KCTC 52797T) are proposed.