bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE PERSON GUILTY IMPROVEMENT WITHOUT ADDRESSING THE ISSUE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE FINISH
Authors: Jasur Olimovich Tangriev 
Published: December 2024

Objective: This article examines the historical development of the Institute for the termination of criminal proceedings without resolving guilt in criminal procedure legislation, aiming to identify issues and propose effective solutions. Method: The analysis involved reviewing scientific opinions on the institute, studying the gaps in national legislation, and critically assessing the legal and procedural frameworks surrounding case terminations. Results: The study identified significant loopholes and inaccuracies in the legislation, highlighting procedural deficiencies and the need for amendments. Suggestions for legislative improvement were also proposed. Novelty: The article provides a unique perspective on enhancing the effectiveness of the institute by addressing specific shortcomings in the legal framework, contributing valuable insights for the development of criminal procedure legislation.
The Role of Metadata in Promoting Explainability and Interoperability of AI-based Prediction Models
Authors: Ahmed Aminu Adamu , Abdullahi Ali Usman , Gital Abdulsalam Ya’u , Dutse Abubakar Yusuf 
Published: December 2024

This systematic literature review delves into the critical role of metadata in enhancing the explainability and interoperability of AI-based prediction models. As AI technologies permeate various sectors, the need for transparent and coherent predictive models becomes increasingly vital. Metadata, which refers to structured information that contextualizes data, serves as a pivotal component in achieving this transparency and coherence. This review synthesizes 50 existing literature to evaluate how different types of metadata—such as descriptive, structural, and administrative metadata—contribute to the understanding and integration of AI models, thereby facilitating better decision-making and trust in AI systems. The review identifies key themes related to the challenges of explainability, including the complexity of AI algorithms and the opacity of model outputs, and discusses how robust metadata frameworks can mitigate these issues by providing essential context and clarity about model decisions. Furthermore, it examines the significance of interoperability in AI applications, highlighting how standardized metadata can enable seamless integration across diverse systems and platforms. The findings underscore the necessity of developing comprehensive metadata strategies to enhance both the interpretability of AI predictions and the compatibility of AI systems across different environments. Ultimately, the review calls for continued research into metadata standards and practices that can promote a more reliable and user-friendly AI landscape.
Peran Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Kedisiplinan Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Mulya Neni 
Published: December 2024

The role of teachers in developing discipline is very important for students because discipline has the aim of instilling a sense of responsibility and self-control in young children. Apart from the development of discipline, it can also be seen from the behavior and actions implemented in everyday life which cannot be separated from the teacher's understanding of the objectives of the process of developing discipline for students. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation and interviews regarding the role in developing discipline in early childhood. at PAUD Al-Hikmah, Tanjungan Village, Katibung District, South Lampung Regency. Not only teachers play an important role in the process of developing discipline in early childhood, but parents are the ones who really have an influence in developing discipline in early childhood. The development of discipline in early childhood is very influential and has a serious impact on the formation of a sense of responsibility in early childhood.
Assessment of the Road Ecosystem for Autonomous Vehicles
Authors: Kondratovič Vladislav , Palevičius Vytautas , Čygas Donatas , Rimkuvienė Jurgita , Smirnovs Juris 
Published: December 2024

The rapid advancement of autonomous vehicle (AV) technology heralds a transformative era in mobility, promising to redefine transportation with enhanced efficiency, safety, and sustainability. Realizing this potential necessitates road ecosystem that fosters seamless interactions between AVs, infrastructure, and societal elements. This article assesses road ecosystem criterion groups tailored for AVs, encompassing critical components for their seamless operation. It addresses physical and digital infrastructure, communications, social environment and road users, and legal and economic environments. Integrating these diverse criterion groups creates a holistic framework supporting AV deployment and operation. By assessing the interplay between these groups, the study highlights the most important areas that facilitate seamless AV integration. The analysis examines the importance of current infrastructure for AVs, the effectiveness of communication systems, and the impact of social environment and road users, alongside the regulatory and economic conditions necessary for AV adoption. This article underscores the critical need for a multidisciplinary approach in shaping the future of transportation, paving the way for a seamless and sustainable transition into the era of autonomous mobility.
A Novel Study of Shigella Biosurfactants Like Molecule Produced and Assessed Anaerobically
Authors: Kayath Christian Aimé , Nieko Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui , Kinavouidi Duchel Jeanedvi Kinouani , Malanda Christ Dieuveil Bayakissa , Nguimbi Etienne 
Published: December 2024

Shigella has settled on extremely sophisticated mechanisms to disrupt host cell progressions to endorse infection, escape immune exposure, and avoid bacterial clearance. The design of new therapeutic targets for the optimal management of Shigella infection must give a follow-up action target in the live anaerobic cycle. The aim of this present work is to explore the ability of Shigella to produce and secrete biosurfactant like molecules anaerobically. This study describes the isolation of 93 Shigella spp. candidates, from hospital and environmental samples. These isolates, plus lab strains, were tested in a comprehensive in vitro screening regime including biochemical and microbiological analysis, emulsification index (EI24), the DNA technology and sequencing, swarming test, the biofilm formation and S. flexneri were able to secrete and produce biosurfactant with the percentage ranging from 68 to 100%. Strains were also swarming in semisolid media, with swarm diameters ranging from 75 to 85 mm on soft agar (0.5%) in the absence of oxygen. This study showed that Shigella were unable to invade eggs in the absence of oxygen, with zero (0%) invasion rates, but retained their ability to form biofilms. The invasion rate was zero in anaerobiosis and more than 50% in aerobiosis. These results show that biosurfactants are produced in cotranslational pathways and are secreted into the extracellular medium through the Shigella type three secretion system (T3SS). Shigella biosurfactants are involved in biofilm formation and secrete into the extracellular medium via the phenomenon known as the "T3SS leakage."
First Record of the Water Mold Achlya bisexualis (Saprolegniaceae) Isolated from Ornamental Fish in South Africa
Authors: Greeff-Laubscher Mariska Riana , Christison Kevin William , Smit Nicholas Jacobus 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The order Saprolegniales (Class Oomycota) is a group of fungus-like eukaryotic microorganisms that have been associated with infections in fish and fish eggs. Infections with microorganisms from this order are clearly evident because they have a cotton wool-like appearance. The aim of this study was to characterize and identify an oomycete that was isolated from the eye of an Orange Blotched Peacock Cichlid Aulonacara sp. A sample of cotton wool-like mycelia was isolated and single-spore isolations were conducted. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1-5.8-ITS2 rDNA region for all isolates were used for species identification. Following molecular identification, one isolate was used to culture and characterize the reproductive structures. Physiological characterization entailed incubating the isolate on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at five different temperatures, ranging from 5°C to 25°C, to monitor growth rates. A multiple sequence alignment showed 100% similarity between all of the single-spore isolates and alignment with other Achlya bisexualis strains. Long, coarse hyphae with zoosporangia and gemmae typical of the order Saprolegniales were observed with an optimal growth rate at 25°C. The oomycete that was isolated from an Orange Blotched Peacock Cichlid was identified as A. bisexualis, the first record of this species in South Africa.
Advanced Photoresponsive Materials Using the Metal–Organic Framework Approach
Authors: Haldar Ritesh , Heinke Lars , Wöll Christof 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhen fabricating macroscopic devices exploiting the properties of organic chromophores, the corresponding molecules need to be condensed into a solid material. Since optical absorption properties are often strongly affected by interchromophore interactions, solids with a well‐defined structure carry substantial advantages over amorphous materials. Here, the metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based approach is presented. By appropriate functionalization, most organic chromophores can be converted to function as linkers, which can coordinate to metal or metal‐oxo centers so as to yield stable, crystalline frameworks. Photoexcitations in such chromophore‐based MOFs are surveyed, with a special emphasis on light‐switchable MOFs from photochromic molecules. The conventional powder form of MOFs obtained using solvothermal approaches carries certain disadvantages for optical applications, such as limited efficiency resulting from absorption and light scattering caused by the (micrometer‐sized) powder particles. How these problems can be avoided by using MOF thin films is demonstrated.
Ultrastrong and Highly Conductive MXene‐Based Films for High‐Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Liu Ji , Liu Zhangshuo , Zhang Hao‐Bin , Chen Wei , Zhao Zhenfang , Wang Qi‐Wei , Yu Zhong‐Zhen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUltrathin and flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are urgently required to shield increasingly serious radiation pollution. Newly emerged 2‐dimensional transition‐metal carbides (MXenes) are promising for efficient EMI shielding due to their superb electrical conductivity, versatile surface chemistry, and layered structure. However, the mechanical performance of MXene films is not satisfactory for engineering applications, and the traditional reinforcement approaches usually cause serious reduction in electrical conductivity of the films. An efficient strategy is demonstrated to reinforce MXene films with graphene oxide, leading to enhanced interfacial interactions and more densely packed layered structures. The modified MXene film exhibits a high tensile strength of 209 MPa while maintaining its high electrical conductivity close to that of pristine MXene film. An outstanding shielding effectiveness of 50.2 dB is achieved at a small film thickness of 7 µm. Moreover, a facile technique is used to tune the wetting behavior of the modified MXene films. The water contact angle can be readily regulated from 65.7° to 95.7°. This film, with excellent EMI shielding performance and tunable wetting behavior, is highly promising for various applications in aerospace, flexible supercapacitors, and smart electronics.
Stack Pressure Considerations for Room‐Temperature All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Doux Jean‐Marie , Nguyen Han , Tan Darren H. S. , Banerjee Abhik , Wang Xuefeng , Wu Erik A. , Jo Chiho , Yang Hedi , Meng Ying Shirley 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries are expected to enable batteries with high energy density with the use of lithium metal anodes. Although solid electrolytes are believed to be mechanically strong enough to prevent lithium dendrites from propagating, various reports today still show cell failure due to lithium dendrit growth at room temperature. While cell parameters such as current density, electrolyte porosity, and interfacial properties have been investigated, mechanical properties of lithium metal and the role of applied stack pressure on the shorting behavior are still poorly understood. Here, failure mechanisms of lithium metal are investigated in all‐solid‐state batteries as a function of stack pressure, and in situ characterization of the interfacial and morphological properties of the buried lithium is conducted in solid electrolytes. It is found that a low stack pressure of 5 MPa allows reliable plating and stripping in a lithium symmetric cell for more than 1000 h, and a Li | Li6PS5Cl | LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 full cell, plating more than 4 µm of lithium per charge, is able to cycle over 200 cycles at room temperature. These results suggest the possibility of enabling the lithium metal anode in all‐solid‐state batteries at reasonable stack pressures.
Breakthrough Carbon Nanotube–Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Authors: Tune Daniel D. , Mallik Nitin , Fornasier Heike , Flavel Benjamin S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe latest advances in carbon nanotube–silicon heterojunction solar cells are combined with a new doping protocol based on the outstanding electron withdrawing properties and excellent silicon surface passivation ability of sulfonated polytetrafluoroethylene (Nafion). Using this new dopant for carbon nanotube–silicon solar cells, advanced substrate design, and an optimized antireflective texture fast etch with organic base, breakthrough performance is obtained from research grade devices with active areas of 1 and 5 cm2, which yield power conversion efficiencies of 17.2 and 15.5%, respectively.
Fragmentation and film growth in supersonic nanoaggregate aerosol deposition
Authors: Ghosh Souvik , Chen Xiaoshuang , Li Chenxi , Olson Bernard A. , Hogan Christopher J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAerosol deposition with gas phase‐synthesized chain‐like nanoaggregates can yield dense coatings from the impaction of particles on a substrate; however, dense coating formation is not well understood. Here, we study coating consolidation at the single nanoaggregate level. Flame spray pyrolysis‐made tin oxide nanoaggregates are mobility (size) filtered, accelerated through a de Laval nozzle, and impacted on alumina substrates. TEM images obtained from low velocity collection and supersonic deposition are compared via quantitative image analysis, which reveals that upon supersonic impact nanoaggregates fragment into smaller aggregates. This suggests that fragmentation is a key step in producing coatings denser than the depositing nanoaggregates themselves. We supplement experiments with detailed particle trajectory calculations, which show that the impact energies per atom during nanoaggregate deposition are below 0.2 eV/molecule. These results suggest that fragmentation can only occur at locations where nanoaggregates bonded by van der Waals and capillary interactions.
Tricuspid valve‐in‐valve jailing right ventricular lead is not free of risk
Authors: Paz Rios Luis H. , Alsaad Ali A. , Guerrero Mayra , Metzl Mark D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTranscatheter tricuspid valve in valve (TViV) is increasingly performed on patients with degenerated bioprosthetic valves and elevated surgical risk. Jailing a right ventricular (RV) pacer lead at the time of TViV implantation has been achieved without causing lead dysfunction; however, device‐related complications that require lead extraction raise the need for better periprocedural strategies for TViV, in pacer‐dependent patients. We describe a case of device pocket infection with incomplete lead extraction, due to a jailed RV lead at the time of TViV.
“All‐In‐One” integrated ultrathin SnS2@3D multichannel carbon matrix power high‐areal–capacity lithium battery anode
Authors: Xu Hongyi , Peng Chengxin , Yan Yuhua , Dong Fei , Sun Hao , Yang Junhe , Zheng Shiyou 
Published: November 2019

AbstractConstruction of a thickness‐independent electrode with high active material mass loading is crucial for the development of high energy rechargeable lithium battery. Herein, we fabricate an all‐in‐one integrated SnS2@3D multichannel carbon matrix (SnS2@3DMCM) electrode with in‐situ growth of ultrathin SnS2 nanosheets inside the inner walls of three dimensional (3D) multichannels. The interconnected conductive carbon matrix derived from natural wood acts as an integrated porous current collector to avail the electrons transport and accommodate massive SnS2 nanosheets, while plenty of 3D aligned multichannels facilitate fast ions transport with electrode thickness‐independent even under high mass loading. As expected, the integrated SnS2@3DMCM electrode exhibits remarkable electrochemical lithium storage performance, such as exceptional high‐areal‐capacity of 6.4 mAh cm−2, high rate capability of 3 mAh cm−2 under current of 6.8 mA cm−2 (10 C), and stable cycling performance of 6.8 mA cm−2 with a high mass loading of 7 mg cm−2. The 3D integrated porous electrode constructing conveniently with the natural source paves new avenues towards future high‐performance lithium batteries.
Ionic Diffusion, Nanoparticle Formation and Trapping Within Sol‐Gel Made Pillared Planar Nanochannels in a Simple Microfluidic Device
Authors: Ceratti Davide R. , Faustini Marco , Grosso David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEfforts to obtain widespread applications in the field of nanofluidics are increasing in intensity in recent years. However, high cost production of nanofluidic devices through the commonly used nanofabrication technologies and the incomplete understanding of solute confinement is still delaying the development of reliable, reproducible and affordable nanofluidic tools. The concentration of species and their diffusion dynamics are strongly influenced by the nanostructure architecture and surface chemistry. Testing a large number of known geometries and surface characteristics has not been possible due to limitations in fabrication procedures. Here, we try to overcome these fabrication difficulties by making the production of large scale nanofluidic devices more viable. We use an alternative bottom‐up method based on supramolecular self‐assembly and sol‐gel chemistry to produce and integrate controlled ceramic nanoporous Pillar Planar Nanochannels (PPN) within microfluidic devices. The system provides a way to easily analyze the diffusion and reaction of species in the aforementioned nanochannels. We show how to extract the nano‐confined concentration and diffusion speed without requiring any expensive analysis instrument. Subsequently, large data sets can be obtained due to the affordability of the presented nanostructure and the ease of its analysis. Moreover, since PPNs have a periodical and regular geometry the obtained data can be compared with simulations, allowing for a better description of the nanoconfined behavior of species.
Conservation implications of sea turtle nesting trends: elusive recovery of a globally important loggerhead population
Authors: Ceriani S. A. , Casale P. , Brost M. , Leone E. H. , Witherington B. E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding population status and trends is important for developing and evaluating management and conservation actions for threatened species. Monitoring population status of marine organisms is especially challenging. Because sea turtles come ashore to lay their eggs and nests are easily counted, these counts are commonly used as an index of abundance and population trends. Nest counts do not provide a direct index of adult female population abundance because females typically lay more than one nest per year and most do not reproduce every year. This study attempts for the first time to investigate the likelihood that observed fluctuations of nest counts represent inter‐annual changes of the adult female population by accounting for uncertainty in reproductive rate parameters. We analyzed 30 yr of reproductive data from the largest nesting loggerhead sea turtle population worldwide, breeding in Florida (USA), and for the three Recovery Units and seven Management Units therein. Nest counts followed a general non‐monotonic trend with wide fluctuations that corresponded to decreasing and increasing trends during short intervals. When we accounted for uncertainty in both clutch frequency and remigration interval, there was no evidence for an increasing or a declining trend in the breeding female population across the entire period. Despite extensive conservation efforts and protections for loggerheads in Florida and the wider USA, we did not find evidence of a strong population recovery. We recommend maintaining a high level of protection, addressing persistent anthropogenic threats, continued collection of rigorous nest‐count data, and monitoring reproductive parameters to better link nest counts to adult female population abundance. Our results demonstrate the need for caution in using nest counts as a direct proxy for adult female population status, as it may lead to unsupported conclusions potentially detrimental to conservation. Therefore, we recommend to always translating nest trends to at least adult female trends, including uncertainty in reproductive parameters. Our approach can be exported to other populations, even where reproductive parameters are not available. Applying high parameter uncertainty obtained from other populations can help identifying unequivocal population changes; that is, nest trends unlikely justified by uncertainty and poor knowledge of reproductive parameters.
A lightweight and compromise‐resilient authentication scheme for IoTs
Authors: Aziz Muhammad Faisal , Khan Abdul Nasir , Shuja Junaid , Khan Iftikhar Ahmed , Khan Fiaz Gul , Khan Atta ur Rehman 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInternet of Things (IoTs) connects billions of devices through the Internet having billion of data points. The security and privacy of those data points are very important and considered as a major concern. Due to the resource constraints nature of IoTs, the security solutions for IoTs must be secure and lightweight in terms of processing and storage. However, many existing security solutions specifically in the field of authentication are not suitable for IoTs due to the computation involved. Alternatively, the lightweight existing solutions are vulnerable to various attack(s). In this paper, a lightweight and compromise‐resilient authentication (LCA) scheme for IoT is proposed. The proposed LCA scheme is lightweight because it uses lightweight hash and XOR operations. The security analysis manifests that the proposed scheme is compromise resilient against numerous security attacks. The proposed LCA scheme is compared with existing authentication schemes based on execution time, security, and computation cost. The outcomes show that the proposed LCA scheme is more secure and robust as compared to the existing authentication schemes proposed for IoTs.