bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Continued Perioperative Antithrombotic Therapy Safe When Performing Direct Microlaryngoscopy?
Authors: Saba Elias S. , Higgins Michelle K. , Heyes Richard , Lott David G. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate whether antithrombotic status impacts the incidence of perioperative or postoperative bleeding in direct microlaryngoscopy (DML).Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsPatients undergoing DML in a single surgeon's practice from September 2012 to September 2017 were studied. Included patients underwent DML with or without biopsy, balloon dilation, microsurgery, laser ablation, or vocal fold injection. Patients were stratified based on perioperative antithrombotic status and assessed for rates of peri‐ and postoperative bleeding and other complications.ResultsOf the 581 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 179 patients (31%) had a history of baseline antithrombotic therapy. Of these patients, 124 had perioperative continuation of their therapy. Medicated patients were older (P < .01), predominately male (P < .01), and increasingly comorbid (P < .01). Perioperative complications unrelated to bleeding occurred in 22 patients (4%), minor perioperative bleeding occurred in four patients (0.7%), and minor postoperative bleeding occurred in 12 of the 479 patients with recorded follow‐up (2.5%). There were no postoperative bleeds requiring intervention or readmission, and no recorded thrombotic events during the peri‐ and postoperative period. There was no difference in perioperative bleeding based on baseline antithrombotic status (P = .81). Patients on baseline antithrombotic therapy were more likely to have a postoperative bleed in comparison to patients without history of antithrombotic use (P < .01). However, there were no significant differences in postoperative bleeding between patients on baseline anticoagulation who continued or ceased their medication perioperatively (P = .45).ConclusionsPerioperative continuation of antithrombotic medications appears to be safe when performing routine DML.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2020
Rotational grazing promotes grassland aboveground plant biomass and its temporal stability under changing weather conditions on the Qinghai‐Tibetan plateau
Authors: Li Yu , Dong Shikui , Gao Qingzhu , Zhang Yong , Liu Shiliang , Ganjurjav Hasbagan , Hu Guozheng , Wang Xuexia , Yan Yulong , Wu Hongbao , Gao Xiaoxia , Li Shuai , Zhang Jing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aboveground biomass (AGB) production of grazed grasslands is mediated by climate, soil nutrients, livestock and other factors. How the biotic and abiotic factors directly or indirectly regulate AGB remains unclear. To fill this gap, from 2014 to 2017, we conducted a rotational grazing experiment to examine the response of AGB to biotic and abiotic factors in Nagqu, a typical alpine meadow community on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. Six yaks were rotationally grazed among three plots from July to September, meanwhile, three plots were set up to exclude from livestock as control; climate, plant biomass, and soil nutrients were investigated during grazing experiment, and then structural equation modeling was used to analyze the regulation of environmental factors on AGB. The results showed that precipitation affected AGB via affecting soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3‐N), compensatory growth rate, and belowground biomass indirectly; temperature can directly and negatively affected AGB. In contrast grazing exclosure, rotational grazing increased both AGB and its temporal stability in alpine meadow community significantly (p < .05). The temporal stability of the AGB was positively related to the asynchrony between high‐ and low‐palatability herbages (p < .05). In conclusion, rotational grazing should be recommendable for alpine meadow management due to its benefits for community productivity and stability while current stocking rate should be reduced to a reasonable level, especially in a warm and drought year, to sustain plant compensatory growth under grazing.
Latitudinal constraints on the abundance and activity of the cyanobacterium UCYN‐A and other marine diazotrophs in the North Pacific
Authors: Gradoville Mary R. , Farnelid Hanna , White Angelicque E. , Turk‐Kubo Kendra A. , Stewart Brittany , Ribalet François , Ferrón Sara , Pinedo‐Gonzalez Paulina , Armbrust E. Virginia , Karl David M. , John Seth , Zehr Jonathan P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe number of marine environments known to harbor dinitrogen (N2)‐fixing (diazotrophic) microorganisms is increasing, prompting a reassessment of the biogeography of marine diazotrophs and N2fixation rates (NFRs). Here, we investigate the diversity, abundance, and activity of diazotrophic microorganisms in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), a diazotrophic habitat, and the North Pacific Transition Zone (NPTZ), a region characterized by strong physical, chemical, and biological gradients. Samples were collected on two springtime meridional cruises during 2016 and 2017, spanning from 23.5°N to 41.4°N along 158°W. We observed an abrupt decrease in diazotrophic abundances near the southern edge of the NPTZ, which coincided with a salinity front and with a ∼10‐fold increase inSynechococcusabundance, but without a concomitant change in phosphate or nitrate concentrations. In NPSG waters south of this diazotrophic boundary,nifHgenes and NFRs were consistently detected and diazotrophic communities were dominated by UCYN‐A, an uncultivated, symbiotic cyanobacterium (2.8 × 103to 1.0 × 106nifHgene copies L−1). There was a significant positive relationship between quantitative polymerase chain reaction‐derived UCYN‐AnifHgene abundances and community NFRs in the NPSG, suggesting a large contribution of UCYN‐A to community NFRs. In the NPTZ waters to the north, NFRs were low or undetected andnifHgenes were rare, with the few detected sequences represented by UCYN‐A and noncyanobacterial diazotrophs. The patterns we observed in UCYN‐A abundance in the context of local biogeochemistry suggest that the environmental controls of this organism may differ from those of cultivated marine cyanobacterial diazotrophs.
Chemical Surface Modification of Polymeric Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Sun Wei , Liu Wenying , Wu Zhaoqiang , Chen Hong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis review focuses on the attachment of polymer brushes to polymeric biomaterial substrates by chemical surface modification methods for biomedical applications. In the first part of this paper, a general introduction to the synthesis of polymer brushes is given. Thereafter, a comprehensive overview of recent work on the chemical surface modification of polymeric biomaterials, with a focus on “grafting‐to,” “grafting‐from,” and “grafting‐through” strategies, is provided. Finally, some representative cutting‐edge biomedical applications of modified polymeric biomaterials, mainly including antifouling materials and biocompatible materials, are highlighted. On the basis of this literature study, a perspective on future trends in this field is provided.
Effects of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase genotypes on the pharmacokinetics of amlodipine in healthy Korean subjects
Authors: Han Ji Min , Yee Jeong , Chung Jee Eun , Lee Kyung Eun , Park Kyungsoo , Gwak Hye Sun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of P450 oxidoreductase (POR) genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetic parameters of amlodipine.MethodsAfter a single 10‐mg dose of amlodipine administration, 25 healthy male subjects completed genotyping for 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the POR genes, cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 g.25343G>A (CYP3A4*1G), and CYP3A5 g.12083G>A (CYP3A5*3). Stratified analysis and in silico analysis to predict the possible effects of given variants on splicing were performed.ResultsThe maximum blood concentration (Cmax) of amlodipine in carriers of g.57332T>C and g.56551G>A SNPs of the POR gene was statistically significantly different. In addition, T‐allele carriers of g.57332T>C had a 21% higher Cmax than those with the CC genotype (p = .007). Subjects who carried the wild‐type g.56551G>A allele also had a 1.12‐fold significantly higher Cmax than subjects with mutant‐type homozygous carriers (p = .033). In stratified analyses, g.57332T>C was significantly associated with a 1.3‐fold increase in Cmax value in T‐allele carriers compared with subjects with the CC genotype in CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 expressers. POR g.57332T>C increased the score above the threshold in both ESEfinder 3.0 and HSF 3.1.ConclusionThis study identified a novel SNP of the POR gene, which affected amlodipine metabolism and may reduce interindividual variation in responses to amlodipine.
Retracted: A short review on analytical methods for the capillary oscillator in a nanoscale deformable tube
Authors: He Ji‐Huan , Jin Xiao 
Published: March 2020

Retraction: He, J–H, Jin, X. ‘A short review on analytical methods for the capillary oscillator in a nanoscale deformable tube’ Math Meth Appl Sci. 2020; 1–8. doi:10.1002/mma.6321The above article, published online on 05 March 2020 in Wiley Online Library wileyonlinelibrary.com, has been retracted by agreement between, the journal Editor in Chief, Wolfgang Sprößig, and John Wiley and Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed following an investigation based on concerns raised by a third party. During re‐evaluation of this manuscript by an independent expert in this field, a major overlap with a previously published article from the same group of authors was found. The authors did not agree with the decision to retract this article.
A novel add‐on collimator for preclinical radiotherapy applications using a standard cell irradiator: design, construction, and validation
Authors: Fontanarosa Davide , Benitez Jessica , Talkhani Sana , Fielding Andrew , Entezam Amir , Trapp Jamie , Moi Davide , Biasi Giordano , Petasecca Marco , Mazzieri Roberta 
Published: March 2020

PurposePreclinical radiotherapy applications require dedicated irradiation systems which are expensive and not widely available. In this work, a clinical dual source 137Cs cell irradiator was adapted to deliver 1‐cm diameter preclinical treatment beams using a lead and stainless steel custom‐made collimator to treat one or two mice at a time.MethodsThe dosimetric characteristics of all the different components of the system (including collimator, phantoms, and radiation sources) have been simulated with EGSnrc Monte Carlo methods. The collimator was constructed based on these simulations and the calculated results were verified against dosimetric measurements with MOSKin detectors, GAFchromic films, and dosimetric gels.ResultsThe comparisons showed an agreement, in terms of full width half maximum values, between the simulated and the measured dose cross profiles at the midline within 4% for both gel dosimetry and GAFchromic films. Out of beam dose, measured in air at the collimator midplane with MOSFET detectors was between 6% and 10% of the beam axis dose. The dimensions of the beam are constant along the vertical axis of the collimator and also the simulated and measured Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) curves show an agreement within 1%.ConclusionsThe collimator design developed in this work allows the creation of a beam with the necessary characteristics for ablative radiotherapy treatments on small animals using a standard clinical cell irradiator. This collimator design will make advanced preclinical studies with ablative beams possible for all those institutions which do not have collimated preclinical irradiators available.
Long‐term strength and functional status in inclusion body myositis and identification of trajectory subgroups
Authors: Oldroyd Alexander G. S. , Lilleker James B. , Williams Jacob , Chinoy Hector , Miller James A. L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionObjective information on longitudinal disease progression in inclusion body myositis (IBM) is lacking.MethodsLongitudinal dynamometry and functional status data were collated from a cohort of IBM patients. Annual change was calculated by means of linear modeling. Trajectories of change in grip, knee extension, IBM Functional Rating Scale (IBM‐FRS) and Neuromuscular Symptom Score (NSS) were identified by means of latent growth mixture modeling.ResultsData were collated from 75 IBM patients (348 person‐years follow‐up). Annual strength loss was greatest for pinch (−10%) and knee extension (−4%). Functional deterioration was greatest for males. Three distinct trajectory groups were identified. Rapid deterioration trajectory for grip strength was associated with younger diagnosis age. Rapid deterioration for knee extension strength was associated with older age of diagnosis.DiscussionThis study has quantified strength change in IBM and identified distinct trajectory groups, which will aid prognostication and stratification for inclusion into future clinical trials.
Validation of the PHNs precepting experiential learning causal model for preceptors of novice public health nurses in Japan
Authors: Shimazu Taeko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship among public health nurse (PHN) precepting experiential learning (PHN‐PEL) and the outcomes.BackgroundThe government supported PHNs' systematic career development and precepting learners.DesignA nationwide questionnaire survey was conducted for PHNs who precepted novice PHNs in governmental units from 2012 to 2015.Methods“PHN Precepting Experiential Learning Scale,” “Professional Development for Public Health Nurses” and “Awareness of Responsibility for Organization” were examined through structural equation modelling.ResultsUsable responses were 378 (43.5%). Significant relationships were as follows: “Role Performance of Fostering Novice PHN” related to “Self‐development as a PHN” (β = 0.72, p < .001); “Role Performance of Fostering Novice PHN” related to “Sharing to Foster Novice PHN” (β = 0.52, p < .001) and “Sharing to Foster Novice PHN” related to “Improving Career Development Environment” (β = 0.69, p < .001). “Role Performance of Fostering Novice PHN” and “Self‐development as a PHN” related to “Professional Development for Public Health Nurse” (β = 0.31, p < .001; β = 0.29, p < .001). Moreover, “Improving Career Development Environment” related to “Awareness of Responsibility for Organization” (β = 0.33, p < .001).
Pediatric myelofibrosis: WHO 2024 update on myeloproliferative neoplasms calling?
Authors: Mishra Priyanka , Halder Rohan , Aggarwal Mukul , Seth Tulika , Mahapatra Manoranjan , Pati Hara Prasad , Saxena Renu , Tyagi Seema 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesPediatric myelofibrosis is a rare entity with the largest reported series of 19 cases. We describe here the clinicopathological spectrum and outcomes of 15 cases of pediatric myelofibrosis.MethodsCase files of myelofibrosis of patients less than 18 years were retrieved from January 2016 to January 2019, and patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis after exhaustive work‐up were studied. Their clinicopathological profiles were studied and then followed up for resolution and malignant transformation.ResultsOf the 15 cases of idiopathic myelofibrosis, transfusion‐dependent anemia (14/15) was most common presentation. Only one patient showed leukoerythroblastosis with dacryocytes. Myeloid hyperplasia was seen in 13 of 15 patients and megakaryocytic hyperplasia in 10 patients. Dysmegakaryopoiesis was seen in 8 of 15 patients, and only three had small loose megakaryocytic clustering. None showed hyperchromatic megakaryocytes, intrasinusoidal hematopoiesis, or osteosclerosis. One patient with trisomy 8 tested positive for JAK2V617F. Bone marrow biopsy was hypercellular in 13, and 8 had world health organization (WHO) MF‐3 fibrosis. None of the patients developed malignancy, one had spontaneous resolution, and one patient required allogenic stem cell transplant.ConclusionsPediatric myelofibrosis is a distinct entity from primary myelofibrosis in adults and merits mention in the WHO manual as a distinct entity.
Assessment of risk of variant creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (vCJD) from use of bovine heparin
Authors: Huang Yin , Forshee Richard A. , Keire David , Lee Sau , Gregori Luisa , Asher David M. , Bett Cyrus , Niland Brian , Brubaker Scott A. , Anderson Steven A. , Yang Hong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeIn the late1990s, reacting to the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the United Kingdom that caused a new variant of Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (vCJD) in humans, manufacturers withdrew bovine heparin from the market in the United States. There have been growing concerns about the adequate supply and safety of porcine heparin. Since the BSE epidemic has been declining markedly, the US Food and Drug Administration reevaluates the vCJD risk via use of bovine heparin.MethodsWe developed a computational model to estimate the vCJD risk to patients receiving bovine heparin injections. The model incorporated information including BSE prevalence, infectivity levels in the intestines, manufacturing batch size, yield of heparin, reduction in infectivity by manufacturing process, and the dose‐response relationship.ResultsThe model estimates a median risk of vCJD infection from a single intravenous dose (10 000 USP units) of heparin made from US‐sourced bovine intestines to be 6.9 × 10−9 (2.5‐97.fifth percentile: 1.5 × 10−9‐4.3 × 10−8), a risk of 1 in 145 million, and 4.6 × 10−8 (2.5‐97.fifth percentile: 1.1 × 10−8‐2.6 × 10−7), a risk of 1 in 22 million for Canada‐sourced products. The model estimates a median risk of 1.4 × 10−7 (2.5‐97.fifth percentile: 2.9 × 10−8‐9.3 × 10−7) and 9.6 × 10−7 (2.5‐97.fifth percentile: 2.1 × 10−7‐5.6 × 10−6) for a typical treatment for venous thromboembolism (infusion of 2‐4 doses daily per week) using US‐sourced and Canada‐sourced bovine heparin, respectively.ConclusionsThe model estimates the vCJD risk from use of heparin when appropriately manufactured from US or Canadian cattle is likely small. The model and conclusions should not be applied to other medicinal products manufactured using bovine‐derived materials.
Thoracoabdominal mobility evaluation of asthmatic patients in physiotherapy practice: Intra‐rater reliability
Authors: Caruso Flávia R. , Trimer Renata , da Luz Goulart Cassia , Ricci Paula A. , Araújo Adriana S.G. , Carmargo Patrícia , Marinho Renan S. , Baptista Polliana , da Silva Andrea L.G. , Mendes Renata G. , Borghi‐Silva Audrey 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe evaluation of thoracoabdominal mobility is a tool extensively used in the physiotherapy practice in different populations. Photogrammetry may be a simple tool to analyse thoracoabdominal mobility; however, it is unclear whether this assessment can be a reliable method.AimTo test the reliability intra‐examinator by photogrammetry in asthmatic patients and in health controls.MethodsTwenty‐six asthmatic patients (29 ± 9 years) and 14 healthy matched controls (27 ± 8 years) were assessed by thoracoabdominal mobility. Photographs during rest, during inspiration and expiration maximum were used to calculate latero‐lateral and antero‐posterior diameters of the thorax (at axillary and xiphoid levels) and umbilical by markers positioned in osseous structures. An evaluator obtained the same measurements in an 8‐day interval.ResultsWe found a moderate reliability for axillary, xiphoid and umbilical mobility (average intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] respectively [0.68, 0.55 and 0.73]) for asthmatic group. In addition, for control group, we found a moderate reliability for axillary mobility (average ICC respectively [0.68] and a good reliability for xiphoid and umbilical mobility) (average ICC 0.81 and 0.70). Bland–Altman plots showed goods limit of agreement in photos 1 and 2 in both groups.ConclusionThe photogrammetric analysis of thoracoabdominal mobility presented itself as a reliable method and may be used in clinical practice in asthmatic patients and in controls.
The function of histone lysine methylation related SET domain group proteins in plants
Authors: Zhou Huiyan , Liu Yanhong , Liang Yuwei , Zhou Dong , Li Shuifeng , Lin Sue , Dong Heng , Huang Li 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHistone methylation, which is mediated by the histone lysine (K) methyltransferases (HKMTases), is a mechanism associated with many pathways in eukaryotes. Most HKMTases have a conserved SET (Su(var) 3‐9,E(z),Trithorax) domain, while the HKMTases with SET domains are called the SET domain group (SDG) proteins. In plants, only SDG proteins can work as HKMTases. In this review, we introduced the classification of SDG family proteins in plants and the structural characteristics of each subfamily, surmise the functions of SDG family members in plant growth and development processes, including pollen and female gametophyte development, flowering, plant morphology and the responses to stresses. This review will help researchers better understand the SDG proteins and histone methylation in plants and lay a basic foundation for further studies on SDG proteins.
Pandemic potential of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4 A(H5) viruses
Authors: Yamaji Reina , Saad Magdi D. , Davis Charles T. , Swayne David E. , Wang Dayan , Wong Frank Y.K. , McCauley John W. , Peiris J.S. Malik , Webby Richard J. , Fouchier Ron A.M. , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Zhang Wenqing 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThe panzootic caused by A/goose/Guangdong/1/96‐lineage highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses has occurred in multiple waves since 1996. From 2013 onwards, clade 2.3.4.4 viruses of subtypes A(H5N2), A(H5N6), and A(H5N8) emerged to cause panzootic waves of unprecedented magnitude among avian species accompanied by severe losses to the poultry industry around the world. Clade 2.3.4.4 A(H5) viruses have expanded in distinct geographical and evolutionary pathways likely via long distance migratory bird dispersal onto several continents and by poultry trade among neighboring countries. Coupled with regional circulation, the viruses have evolved further by reassorting with local viruses. As of February 2019, there have been 23 cases of humans infected with clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 viruses, 16 (70%) of which had fatal outcomes. To date, no HPAI A(H5) virus has caused sustainable human‐to‐human transmission. However, due to the lack of population immunity in humans and ongoing evolution of the virus, there is a continuing risk that clade 2.3.4.4 A(H5) viruses could cause an influenza pandemic if the ability to transmit efficiently among humans was gained. Therefore, multisectoral collaborations among the animal, environmental, and public health sectors are essential to conduct risk assessments and develop countermeasures to prevent disease and to control spread. In this article, we describe an assessment of the likelihood of clade 2.3.4.4 A(H5) viruses gaining human‐to‐human transmissibility and impact on human health should such human‐to‐human transmission occur. This structured analysis assessed properties of the virus, attributes of the human population, and ecology and epidemiology of these viruses in animal hosts.