bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measures of adult psychological resilience following early-life adversity: how congruent are different measures?
Authors: Nishimi Kristen , Choi Karmel W. , Cerutti Janine , Powers Abigail , Bradley Bekh , Dunn Erin C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundPsychological resilience – positive psychological adaptation in the context of adversity – is defined and measured in multiple ways across disciplines. However, little is known about whether definitions capture the same underlying construct and/or share similar correlates. This study examined the congruence of different resilience measures and associations with sociodemographic factors and body mass index (BMI), a key health indicator.MethodsIn a cross-sectional sample of 1429 African American adults exposed to child maltreatment, we derived four resilience measures: a self-report scale assessing resiliency (perceived trait resilience); a binary variable defining resilience as low depression and posttraumatic stress (absence of distress); a binary variable defining resilience as low distress and high positive affect (absence of distress plus positive functioning); and a continuous variable reflecting individuals' deviation from distress levels predicted by maltreatment severity (relative resilience). Associations between resilience measures, sociodemographic factors, and BMI were assessed using correlations and regressions.ResultsResilience measures were weakly-to-moderately correlated (0.27–0.69), though similarly patterned across sociodemographic factors. Women showed higher relative resilience, but lower perceived trait resilience than men. Only measures incorporating positive affect or resiliency perceptions were associated with BMI: individuals classified as resilient by absence of distress plus positive functioning had lower BMI than non-resilient (β = −2.10, p = 0.026), as did those with higher perceived trait resilience (β = −0.63, p = 0.046).ConclusionRelatively low congruence between resilience measures suggests studies will yield divergent findings about predictors, prevalence, and consequences of resilience. Efforts to clearly define resilience are needed to better understand resilience and inform intervention and prevention efforts.
Microbiological quality of raw drinking milk and unpasteurised dairy products: results from England 2013–2019
Authors: McLauchlin J. , Aird H. , Elliott A. , Forester E. , Jørgensen F. , Willis C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to review microbiology results from testing >2500 raw drinking milk and dairy products made with unpasteurised milk examined in England between 2013 and 2019. Samples were collected as part of incidents of contamination, investigation of infections or as part of routine monitoring and were tested using standard methods for a range of both pathogens and hygiene indicators. Results from testing samples of raw cow's milk or cheese made from unpasteurised milk for routine monitoring purposes were overall of better microbiological quality than those collected during incident or investigations of infections. Results from routine monitoring were satisfactory for 62% of milks, 82% of cream, 100% of ice-cream, 51% of butter, 63% of kefir and 79% of cheeses, with 5% of all samples being considered potentially hazardous. Analysis of data from cheese demonstrated a significant association between increasing levels of indicator Escherichia coli with elevated levels of coagulase positive staphylococci and decreased probability of isolation of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli. These data highlight the public health risk associated with these products and provide further justification for controls applied to raw drinking milk and dairy products made with unpasteurised milk.
Right aortic arch with an aberrant left subclavian artery: sonographic features by HDlive Flow imaging
Authors: Endo Toyohide , Ochiai Daigo , Tanaka Mamoru 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe right aortic arch is a congenital vascular anomaly, which may form a vascular ring. However, prenatal identification of the branching pattern of brachiocephalic vessels is often limited. In this paper, we clearly demonstrated the branching pattern of brachiocephalic vessels in a case of right aortic arch with an aberrant left subclavian artery using HDlive Flow imaging.
The effect of photon energy on dose distribution in volumetric-modulated arc therapy planning for head and neck cancer
Authors: Nguyen Trang Hong Thi , Takemura Akihiro , Ueda Shinichi , Noto Kimiya , Kojima Hironori , Isomura Naoki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAim:To investigate the effect of different energies on dose distribution in volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for head and neck cancer.Materials and methods:Data from nine patients undergoing VMAT plans using 6 MV, 10 MV and dual-energy X-ray beams with the Pinnacle 3 V 9.10 treatment planning system (Philips Medical System, Fitchburg, WI, USA) were analysed for quality using the conformity index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI) for planning target volume (PTV), and for mean and maximum dose to the organs at risk (OARs): parotid glands, brainstem, spinal cord and optic nerves.Results:There were no clear differences in the HIs of the PTV dose among the different plans. The CIs for 10 MV and dual-energy VMAT plans were superior to that of the 6 MV VMAT plan (0·8 ± 0·3, 0·8 ± 0·3, and 0·7 ± 0·2, respectively; p = 0·001). There were no significant differences in mean/maximum dose to the OARs among the three VMAT plans.Findings:Compared with the 6 MV VMAT plan, the dual-energy VMAT plan slightly increased the coverage of the PTV with the prescribed dose but did not decrease dose to the OARs.
Diabetes in Appalachia: providers’ perspectives
Authors: Beverly Elizabeth A. , Ritholz Marilyn D. , Cook Karie , Johnson Lesli K. , Ruhil Anirudh , Singh Rashmi P. , Berryman Darlene E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Southeastern Appalachian Ohio has more than double the national average of diabetes and a critical shortage of healthcare providers. Paradoxically, there is limited research focused on primary care providers’ experiences treating people with diabetes in this region. This study explored providers’ perceived barriers to and facilitators for treating patients with diabetes in southeastern Appalachian Ohio.

Methods:
We conducted in-depth interviews with healthcare providers who treat people with diabetes in rural southeastern Ohio. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed via content and thematic analyses using NVivo 12 software (QSR International, Chadstone, VIC, Australia).

Results:
Qualitative analysis revealed four themes: (1) patients’ diabetes fatalism and helplessness: providers recounted story after story of patients believing that their diabetes was inevitable and that they were helpless to prevent or delay diabetes complications. (2) Comorbid psychosocial issues: providers described high rates of depression, anxiety, incest, abuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder among people with diabetes in this region. (3) Inter-connected social determinants interfering with diabetes care: providers identified major barriers including lack of access to providers, lack of access to transportation, food insecurity, housing insecurity, and financial insecurity. (4) Providers’ cultural understanding and recommendations: providers emphasized the importance of understanding of the values central to Appalachian culture and gave culturally attuned clinical suggestions for how to use these values when working with this population.

Conclusions:
Evidence-based interventions tailored to Appalachian culture and training designed to increase the cultural competency and cultural humility of primary care providers may be effective approaches to reduce barriers to diabetes care in Appalachian Ohio.
Spirals in galaxies
Authors: Sellwood J. A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe venerable problem of what causes the spiral features in disk galaxies is nearing a solution. In previous work, we have shown that transient spirals in simulations result from the superposition of a few coherent waves that have many properties of modes. The new achievement presented here is a clear demonstration that the evolution of one unstable mode leads to scattering at Lindblad resonances, and the depopulation of phase space at such resonances creates a “groove” that is the cause of a new unstable mode. Thus we now understand that the cause of spiral patterns in simulations is a recurrent cycle of groove modes. In other work, we have used Gaia DR2 data, converted to action-angle variables, to identify resonant scattering features in the Solar neighborhood that closely resemble those seen in the simulations, suggesting that the mechanism that causes spirals in simulations may also be at work in the Milky Way.
Dark matter distribution and dynamics of dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Authors: Łokas Ewa L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractI review the current status of dynamical modelling of dwarf spheroidal galaxies focusing on estimates of their dark matter content. Starting with the simplest methods using the velocity dispersion profiles I discuss the inherent issues of mass-anisotropy degeneracy and contamination by unbound stars. I then move on to methods of increasing complexity, aiming to break the degeneracy, up to recent applications of the Schwarzschild orbit superposition method. The dynamical modelling is placed in the context of possible scenarios for the formation of dwarf spheroidal galaxies, including the tidal stirring model and mergers of dwarf galaxies. The two scenarios are illustrated with examples from simulations: a comparison between the tidal evolution of dwarfs with cuspy and cored dark matter profiles and the formation of a dwarf spheroidal with prolate rotation.
Infrared space astrometry mission for survey of the Galactic nuclear bulge: Small-JASMINE
Authors: Gouda Naoteru ,   JASMINE team
Published: May 2020

AbstractSmall-JASMINE will provide astrometric data with high precisions in a near infrared band for stars in the Galactic nuclear bulge and other specific targets. The primary scientific objective is to carry out the Galactic Center Archeology by exploring the Galactic nuclear bulge that leads to the elucidation of the Galactic structures and the evolution of the supermassive black hole at the center. Small-JASMINE has been selected as the unique candidate for the competitive 3rd M-class science satellite mission by ISAS/JAXA. The launch date is mid-2020s.
Dynamical regularities in rotating galaxies
Authors: McGaugh Stacy , Lelli Federico , Li Pengfei , Schombert Jim 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGalaxies are observed to obey a strict set of dynamical scaling relations. We review these relations for rotationally supported disk galaxies spanning many decades in mass, surface brightness, and gas content. The behavior of these widely varied systems can be summarized with a handful of empirical laws connected by a common acceleration scale.
The face-on views of X-shaped “bulges” - boxy features in the central parts of bars
Authors: Patsis Panos A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBoxiness associated with the morphology of the central parts of bars, is a feature usually encountered in the edge-on profiles of galaxies, or galactic models. However, there are cases where “boxy” isophotes are observed also in the central parts of nearly face-on bars. I summarize here some dynamical mechanisms that support boxy orbits in the central bar regions on the equatorial plane of the disks, or orbits with boxy projections on it. Such orbits could describe the dynamics of face – on boxy “bulges”.
Testing the robustness of black hole mass measurements with ALMA and MUSE
Authors: Thater Sabine , Krajnović Davor , Nguyen Dieu D. , Iguchi Satoru , Weilbacher Peter M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe present our ongoing work of using two independent tracers to estimate the supermassive black hole mass in the nearby early-type galaxy NGC 6958; namely integrated stellar and molecular gas kinematics. We used data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), and the adaptive-optics assisted Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) and constructed state-of-the-art dynamical models. The different methods provide black hole masses of (2.89±2.05)×108M⊙ from stellar kinematics and (1.35±0.09)×108M⊙ from molecular gas kinematics which are consistent within their 3σ uncertainties. Compared to recent MBH - σe scaling relations, we derive a slightly over-massive black hole. Our results also confirm previous findings that gas-based methods tend to provide lower black hole masses than stellar-based methods. More black hole mass measurements and an extensive analysis of the method-dependent systematics are needed in the future to understand this noticeable discrepancy.
Revisiting the innermost kinematics of M31 galaxy with the OMM Fabry-Perot interferometer
Authors: Zacharie Kam Sié , Carignan Claude , Marcelin Michel , Amram Philippe , Koulidiati Jean 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe present observations on optical emission lines acquired with the scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer of the observatoire du Mont Mégantic, of the Andromeda galaxy (M31). A 765 order Fabry-Perot were used with a fast readout EM-CCD. From data obtained, kinematic maps and data points for the rotation curve of the innermost part of the galaxy are derived. Several dozen of regions have been scanned with the Fabry-Perot interferometer and narrow band interference filters. The central 10’x10’ were scanned with five different filters. Observations have been made in order to get better Hα data for kinematics purposes.
A full pipeline for modelling low surface brightness galaxies
Authors: Peper Marius , Roukema Boudewijn F. , Bolejko Krzysztof 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCosmological simulations are a powerful tool to test various cosmological and galaxy formation scenarios. The discovery of low surface brightness objects has been a challenge for both of these fields. Our work aims to create a fully reproducible pipeline to generate a realistic dark matter halo catalog with corresponding information on galaxy formation and evolution.
Twelve years of Galaxy Zoo
Authors: Masters Karen L. ,   Galaxy Zoo Team
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Galaxy Zoo project has provided quantitative visual morphologies for over a million galaxies, and has been part of a reinvigoration of interest in the morphologies of galaxies and what they reveal about galaxy evolution. Morphological information collected by GZ has shown itself to be a powerful tool for studying galaxy evolution, and GZ continues to collect classifications - currently serving imaging from DECaLS in its main site, and running a variety of related projects hosted by the Zooniverse; the citizen science platform which came out of the early success of GZ. I highlight some of the results from the last twelve years, with a particular emphasis on linking morphology and dynamics, look forward to future projects in the GZ family, and provide a quick start guide for how you can easily make use of citizen science techniques to analysis your own large and complex data sets.
New VIRAC proper motion maps show signature of galactic boxy/peanut bulge
Authors: Clarke Jonathan P. , Wegg Christopher , Gerhard Ortwin , Smith Leigh C. , Lucas Phil W. , Wylie Shola M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe have derived absolute proper motions of stars in the Galactic bulge region combining the VVV InfraRed Astrometric Catalogue (VIRAC) and Gaia. We use the proper motions to study the kinematic structure of the bulge both integrated along the line-of-sight and in magnitude intervals using red clump stars as standard candles. In parallel we compare to a made-to-measure barred dynamical model, folding in the VIRAC selection function, to understand and interpret the structures that we observe. The barred dynamical model, which contains a boxy/peanut bulge, and has a pattern speed of 37.5 kms−1 kpc−1, is able to reproduce all structures impressively well.
Structure and dynamics of high-z galaxies
Authors: Wuyts Stijn , Schreiber Natascha M. Förster 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHST and integral-field spectroscopic observations of star-forming galaxies at cosmic noon provide a view on the spatial distribution of stars, gas and dust, and probe gaseous motions revealing the central gravitational potential and local feedback processes at play. In this paper, we review recent insights gained from such observations, with an emphasis on results obtained through near-infrared imaging spectroscopy. Their context and implications are documented more fully in a forthcoming review article by Förster Schreiber & Wuyts (in prep).
The long-lived inner bar of NGC 1291
Authors: Méndez-Abreu Jairo , de Lorenzo-Cáceres Adriana ,   the TIMER team
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe question whether stellar bars are either transitory features or long-lived structures is still matter of debate. This problem is more acute for double-barred systems where even the formation of the inner bar remains a challenge for numerical studies. We present a thorough study of the central structures of the double-barred galaxy NGC 1291. We used a two-dimensional multi-component photometric decomposition performed on the 3.6 μm images from S4 G, combined with both stellar kinematics and stellar population analysis carried out using integral field data from the MUSE TIMER project. We report on the discovery of the first Box-Peanut (B/P) structure in an inner bar detected in the face-on galaxy NGC 1291. The B/P structure is detected as bi-symmetric minima of the h4 moment of the line-of-sight velocity distribution along the major axis of the inner bar, as expected from numerical simulations. Our observations demonstrate that inner bars (similarly as outer bars) can suffer buckling instabilities, thus suggesting they can survive a long time after bar formation. The analysis of the star formation history for the structural components shaping the central regions of NGC 1291 also constrains the epoch of dynamical assembly of the inner bar, which took place >6.5 Gyr ago for NGC 1291. Our results imply that the inner bar of NGC 1291 is a long-lived structure.
Ethical Considerations in Working With a Transgender Youth With Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Olezeski Christy L. , Patel Anisha D. 
Published: May 2020

Objective: Psychologists are increasingly working within an interdisciplinary medical setting and are often asked to help patients weigh the risks and benefits of medical treatment. In this case example, we discuss the ethical considerations to be addressed when working with a transgender youth who is also diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta. Method: Using a single-study case review, we identify medical considerations for a youth with co-occurring gender dysphoria and osteogenesis imperfecta, including the potential impact of not moving forward with medical intervention. Results: As there are multiple considerations for care with these two co-occurring issues, questions to pose to the family prior to any treatment for gender dysphoria are discussed. The role of the psychologist in an interdisciplinary setting is noted, as well as the importance of decision aids to guide the decision-making process. Conclusions: The presentation of co-occurring gender dysphoria and osteogenesis imperfecta poses multiple considerations for medical treatment. Using the biomedical ethics framework, we posit questions that are important to explore with the patient and family prior to medical interventions. Implications for Impact Statement This paper provides an overview of the medical and ethical considerations involved when considering medical interventions with a patient who presents with co-occurring gender dysphoria and osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle-bone disease). The need for interdisciplinary care and continued discussions among the youth, parents and providers are highlighted, as well as resources to utilize if there are disagreements among parties (parents, the family or treatment team).
Fruitbody chemistry underlies the structure of endofungal bacterial communities across fungal guilds and phylogenetic groups
Authors: Pent Mari , Bahram Mohammad , Põldmaa Kadri 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Eukaryote-associated microbiomes vary across host taxa and environments but the key factors underlying their diversity and structure in fungi are still poorly understood. Here we determined the structure of bacterial communities in fungal fruitbodies in relation to the main chemical characteristics in ectomycorrhizal (EcM) and saprotrophic (SAP) mushrooms as well as in the surrounding soil. Our analyses revealed significant differences in the structure of endofungal bacterial communities across fungal phylogenetic groups and to a lesser extent across fungal guilds. These variations could be partly ascribed to differences in fruitbody chemistry, particularly the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and pH. Fungal fruitbodies appear to represent nutrient-rich islands that derive their microbiome largely from the underlying continuous soil environment, with a larger overlap of operational taxonomic units observed between SAP fruitbodies and the surrounding soil, compared with EcM fungi. In addition, bacterial taxa involved in the decomposition of organic material were relatively more abundant in SAP fruitbodies, whereas those involved in release of minerals were relatively more enriched in EcM fruitbodies. Such contrasts in patterns and underlying processes of the microbiome structure between SAP and EcM fungi provide further evidence that bacteria can support the functional roles of these fungi in terrestrial ecosystems.
Targeting the ERβ/Angiopoietin-2/Tie-2 signaling-mediated angiogenesis with the FDA-approved anti-estrogen Faslodex to increase the Sunitinib sensitivity in RCC
Authors: Gu Junfei , Zhang Yong , Han Zhenwei , Gao Lei , Cui Jinfeng , Sun Yin , Niu Yuanjie , You Bosen , Huang Chi-Ping , Chang Chawnshang , Wang Xiaolu , Yeh Shuyuan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSunitinib has been used as the main therapy to treat the metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) as it could function via suppressing the tumor growth and angiogenesis. Yet most ccRCC tumors may still regrow due to the development of sunitinib-resistance, and detailed mechanisms remain to be further investigated. The angiopoietin family includes angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT-1 and -2). It was reported that estradiol regulates expression of ANGPT-1, but not ANGPT-2, through estrogen receptor α (ERα) in an experimental stroke model. To date, there is no finding to link the E2/ER signal on regulating ANGPT-2. Our study is the first to explore (i) how estrogen receptor β (ERβ) can up-regulate ANGPT-2 in RCC cells, and (ii) how ERβ-increased ANGPT-2 can promote the HUVEC tube formation and reduce sunitinib sensitivity. Mechanistic studies revealed that ERβ could function via transcriptional regulation of the cytokine ANGPT-2 in the ccRCC cells. We found the up-regulated ANGPT-2 of RCC cells could then increase the Tie-2 phosphorylation to promote the angiogenesis and increase sunitinib treatment resistance of endothelial cells. In addition to the endothelial cell tube formation and aortic ring assay, preclinical studies with a mouse RCC model also confirmed the finding. Targeting this newly identified ERβ/ANGPT-2/Tie-2 signaling pathway with the FDA-approved anti-estrogen, Faslodex, may help in the development of a novel combined therapy with sunitinib to better suppress the ccRCC progression.