bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Synthesis of IMR-23, an Oxime Derived from Nitroimidazole as an Immunomodulatory Molecule
Authors: Sánchez-Pavón Esmeralda , López-Monteon Aracely , Hernández-Romero Delia , de la Soledad Lagunes-Castro María , Zanatta-García Dxinegueela Yolanda , Ramos-Ligonio Angel 
Published: February 2020

Background:Adjuvants have been obtained empirically by trial and error experiments and today, there is a tendency to the rational design of adjuvants candidates, which will increasingly achieve effective and safe products. The aim of this work was to design and evaluate the compound IMR-23 derived from nitroimidazole as an immunomodulatory molecule.Material and Methods:The IMR-23 molecule was obtained by a condensation reaction, cytotoxicity was tested by the sulforhodamine B assay. Adjuvanticity was evaluated in vivo and in vitro in J774A.1 cells and in the mouse model, respectively.Results:IMR-23 that did not show cytotoxicity on HeLa, Vero cells and macrophages J774A.1, was able to induce the production of molecules involved in the inflammatory process, such as cytokines and chemokines determined by ELISA, to induce the production of antibodies and to generate antigenspecific cells to ovalbumin and against the antigen GST-L1b.Conclusions:These results open the possibility of further studies to obtain a proper balance of immunogenicity- toxicity in the use of IMR-23 as an adjuvant molecule.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Rescue Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation-induced Injury in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Kong Li-yun , Liang Meng-ya , Liu Jian-ping , Lai Ping , Ye Jun-song , Zhang Zu-xiong , Du Zhi-ming , Yu Jun-jian , Gu Liang , Xie Fa-chun , Tang Zhi-xian , Liu Zi-you 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
The effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes on brain microvascular
endothelial cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), which mimic cells in deep
hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) in vitro, are yet to be studied.

Methods:
MSCs were co-cultured with primary rat brain endothelial cells, which were then exposed
to OGD. Cell viability, apoptosis, the inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and
the activation of inflammation-associated TLR4-mediated pyroptosis and the NF-κB signaling
pathway were determined. Furthermore, exosomes derived from MSCs were isolated and incubated
with endothelial cells to investigate whether the effect of MSCs is associated with MSCderived
exosomes. Apoptosis, cell viability, and the inflammatory response were also analyzed in
OGD-induced endothelial cells incubated with MSC-derived exosomes.

Results:
OGD treatment promoted endothelial cell apoptosis, induced the release of inflammatory
factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and inhibited cell viability. Western blot analysis showed that
OGD treatment-induced TLR4, and NF-κB p65 subunit phosphorylation and caspase-1 upregulation,
while co-culture with MSCs could reduce the effect of OGD treatment on endothelial cells.
As expected, the effect of MSC-derived exosomes on OGD-treated endothelial cells was similar to
that of MSCs. MSC-derived exosomes alleviated the OGD-induced decrease in the viability of
endothelial cells, and increased levels of apoptosis, inflammatory factors, and the activation of inflammatory
and inflammatory focal pathways.

Conclusion:
Both MSCs and MSC-derived exosomes attenuated OGD-induced rat primary brain
endothelial cell injury. These findings suggest that MSC-derived exosomes mediate at least some
of the protective effects of MSCs on endothelial cells.
Ointment Formulation and Characterization of Arum Manis Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Leaves’ Methanol Extract as an Antibacterial Agent Against Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Ningsih Dian R. , Zusfahair Zusfahair , Hermawan Dadan , Anggraeni Wulan , Aboul-Enein Hassan Y. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Acne is caused by several factors, including the active secretion of sebaceous
sweat glands, hyperkeratosis in the hair infundibulum and the effects of bacteria. One plant
which has the potential as an antibacterial agent is the extract of Arum Manis mango leaves.

Methods:
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of methanol extract of mango leaves was
determined, which can inhibit Propionibacterium acnes activity. The antibacterial activity tests
were performed using agar diffusion. The ointment formulation, the characteristics of ointment preparations,
and the ointment activity against P. Acnes are discussed.

Results:
MIC of methanol extract of mango leaves value is 5 ppm with an inhibition zone of 1 mm.
The ointment obtained is white, has a distinctive smell, semisolid form, possesses a pH of 4.92 -
5.87, dispersive power of 5.05 - 6.30 cm, and adhesive power of 1 - 3.67 seconds, homogeneous
and protective. Ointment preparations of methanol extract of mango leaves have activity on P.
acnes on the 0 and 15th day of storage. The activities of ointment preparation on day 0 with concentrations
of 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppm are 0.00 mm; 10.20 mm; 19.97 mm and 23.60 mm respectively,
while the inhibition zones produced by the preparation of ointment on day 15 with concentrations
of 0, 5, 10 and 15 ppm are 0.00 mm; 5.71 mm; 9.58 mm and 21.88 mm respectively.

Conclusion:
Methanol extract of mango leaves (Mangifera indica L.) and ointment preparation
can inhibit the growth of Propionibacterium acnes.
Is it Necessary to Calculate Young’s Modulus in AFM Nanoindentation Experiments Regarding Biological Samples?
Authors: Kontomaris Stylianos-Vasileios , Malamou Anna , Stylianou Andreas 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The determination of the mechanical properties of biological samples using
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) at the nanoscale is usually performed using basic models arising
from the contact mechanics theory. In particular, the Hertz model is the most frequently used theoretical
tool for data processing. However, the Hertz model requires several assumptions, such as homogeneous
and isotropic samples and indenters with perfectly spherical or conical shapes. As it is widely
known, none of these requirements are 100 % fulfilled for the case of indentation experiments at the
nanoscale. As a result, significant errors arise in the Young’s modulus calculation. At the same time,
an analytical model that could account complexities of soft biomaterials, such as nonlinear behavior,
anisotropy, and heterogeneity, may be far-reaching. In addition, this hypothetical model would be ‘too
difficult’ to be applied in real clinical activities since it would require a very heavy workload and
highly specialized personnel.

Objective:
In this paper a simple solution is provided to the aforementioned dead-end. A new approach is introduced in order to provide a simple and accurate method for the mechanical characterization at the nanoscale.

Method:
The ratio of the work done by the indenter on the sample of interest to the work done by the
indenter on a reference sample is introduced as a new physical quantity that does not require homogeneous,
isotropic samples or perfect indenters.

Results:
The proposed approach, not only provides an accurate solution from a physical perspective but also a simpler solution which does not require activities such as the determination of the cantilever’s spring constant and the dimensions of the AFM tip.

Conclusion:
It has been observed from this opinion paper that the solution aims to provide a significant
opportunity to overcome the existing limitations provided by Hertzian mechanics and apply AFM
techniques in real clinical activities.
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PADA KEPATUHAN PENGUNGKAPAN TRANSAKSI BERELASI BERDASARKAN PERNYATAAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN (PSAK) NO. 7 TAHUN 2015.
Authors: Hasna Pratista Ardhana Reswari 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak : Pengaruh Corporate Governance Pada Kepatuhan Pengungkapan Transaksi Berelasi Berdasarkan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (Psak) No. 7 Tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh corporate governance terdahap kepatuhan pengungkapan transaksi pihak berelasi. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah komite audit, kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan manajemen, dan komisaris independen. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah kepatuhan pengungkapan transaksi pihak berelasi. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan tahunan dari perusahaan sektor utama selama tahun 2015 sampai 2016 yang didapat dari Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dan sebanyak 21 perusahaan memenuhi kriteria kelengkapan data akhirnya 42 laporan keuangan tahunan yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini. Metode statistika yang digunakan adalah regresi panel. Dari analisis yang dilakukan komite audit, kepemilikan manajemen, dan komisaris independen berpengaruh secara positif signifikan terhadap pengungkapan transaksi pihak berelasi, sementara kepemilikan institusi tidak berpengaruh secara positif terhadap pengungkapan transaksi pihak berelasi. Kata kunci: corporate governance, pengungkapan, transaksi pihak berelasi
PENGARUH KEWAJIBAN MORAL DAN LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI PENGUSAHA
Authors: Nabila Zahra Durah , Isroah Isroah 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak : Pengaruh Kewajiban Moral Dan Lingkungan Sosial Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Pengusaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Pengaruh Kewajiban Moral terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. (2) Pengaruh Lingkungan Sosial terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. (3) Pengaruh Kewajiban Moral dan Lingkungan Sosial terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Pengusaha di KPP Pratama Bantul sebanyak 19.398 Wajib Pajak dengan sampel sebanyak 200 Wajib Pajak. Data Penelitian ini diperoleh melalui kuesioner. dengan teknik pengambilan sampel insidental sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan (1) Kewajiban Moral berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dengan nilai koefisien determinasi 0,734 (2) Lingkungan sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dengan koefisien determinasi 0,830 (3) Kewajiban moral dan Lingkungan Sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dengan nilai koefisien regresi 0,682 dan 0,306 nilai Fhitung lebih besar dibandingkan dengan Ftabel pada tingkat signifikansi 5% (179,323 3,04).Kata kunci: Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, Kewajiban Moral, Lingkungan Sosial
PENGARUH PEMAHAMAN KODE ETIK PROFESI AKUNTAN DAN KECERDASAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP PERILAKU ETIS MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI DI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Musyadad Nur Anwar , Sagoro Endra Murti 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak : Pengaruh Pemahaman Kode Etik Profesi Akuntan Dan Kecerdasan Mahasiswa Terhadap Perilaku Etis Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Negeri Di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pemahaman Kode Etik Profesi Akuntan dan Kecerdasan Mahasiswa terhadap Perilaku Etis Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Negeri di Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa S1 Akuntansi pada tiga Perguruan Tinggi Negeri di Yogyakarta. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebesar 273 diambil dengan metode proportionate random sampling. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi sederhana dan analisis regresi berganda yang didahului dengan uji normalitas, uji multikolinieritas serta uji heteroskedastisitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pemahaman Kode Etik Profesi akuntan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Etis mahasiswa; (2) Kecerdasan Intelektual berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Etis mahasiswa; (3) Kecerdasan Emosional berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Etis mahasiswa; (4) Kecerdasan Spiritual berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Etis mahasiswa; (5) Pemahaman Kode Etik Profesi akuntan, Kecerdasan Intelektual, Kecerdasan Emosional, dan Kecerdasan Spiritual secara simultan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Perilaku Etis mahasiswa. Kata Kunci: Kode Etik Profesi Akuntan, Kecerdasan Intelektual, Kecerdasan Emosional, Kecerdasan Spiritual, Perilaku Etis.
ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA DO GERENCIAMENTO E REAPROVEITAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: De Souza Sampaio Nilo Antonio , Werneck Caio Silva Werneck Silva , Abraão Ricardo Pereira , Martins Letícia Duarte , Rangel do Nascimento João Vitor , Hygino Adrízia Cordeiro , Nunes de Souza Ywan Yago 
Published: February 2020

A expansão urbana e o celebre adensamento das cidades de médio e grande porte, tem provocado inúmeras dificuldades para destinação do grande volume de resíduos gerados pelas atividades privadas de construção, reformas e demolição de edificações, além daquelas obras públicas de construção e adequação estruturais, levando os administradores municipais a buscarem soluções mais eficazes para gestão do problema.Os resíduos de concreto apresentam grande potencial para serem reciclados comparados com outros resíduos, entretanto, o número de estudos realizados no Brasil é muito pequeno dificultando a utilização deste material em dosagens estruturais. Em virtude disso, desenvolve-se um estudo teórico-experimental visando minimizar o impacto causado ao meio ambiente e caracterizar as propriedades do agregado e do concreto reciclado; no estudo teórico exploram-se aspectos realizados à geração, deposição, processos para recuperação, britagem, casos práticos, pesquisas envolvendo reciclados de concreto e as recomendações normativas existentes. No desenvolvimento experimental, analisou-se a influência do período decorrido entre a moldagem e a reciclagem nas propriedades dos agregados e concretos. Os resultados indicam que resíduos reciclados após a sua geração, contribuem positivamente para as propriedades mecânicas do concreto, devido à existência de grande quantidade de partículas não-hidratadas de cimento, tais concretos obtiveram resultados superiores para resistência à compressão e tração quando comparados aos concretos com agregados naturais.Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é estudar a viabilidade da reutilização do agregado reciclado de concreto e misto, através da análise de resultados de ensaios laboratoriais, com base em uma pesquisa de substituição gradativa do agregado miúdo, visando também que em razão das suas propriedades físicas e mecânicas de concreto, o RCC é adequado para substituir os agregados naturais de concreto. Resultado que nos faz considerar esse material como uma alternativa viável em concretos estruturais, bases de pavimentações e artefatos de concreto podem ser adotados pelo município de Resende e outros, o que vai ao encontro da resolução nº 307/2002 do conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA). Palavras Chave: Resíduos de Construção e Demolição, Agregados Reciclados de Concreto e Meio Ambiente.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЛИЧНОСТНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОДИТЕЛЕЙ НА СОЦИАЛЬНУЮ АДАПТАЦИЮ ДЕТЕЙ С ОГРАНИЧЕННЫМИ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЯМИ ЗДОРОВЬЯ
Authors: Markova Svetlana 
Published: February 2020

За последние 10 лет в России произошли социально-экономические, политические трансформации, обуславливающие изменения, связанные с отношением общества к детям с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. Исследователи указывают на недостатки социальной адаптации детей этой категории, связанные как со спецификой нравственного развития общества, так и личностным развитием их родителей. Исследование потребности родителей в самоактуализации осуществлялось посредством самоактуализационного теста Э. Шострома, методики Е. Е. Рукавишниковой. Изучение личностного развития детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья проводили с помощью теста-опросника А. Я. Варга и В. В. Столина, методики «Лесенка» (В. Г. Щур) и др. Доказано влияние личностного развития родителей на социальную адаптацию детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. Рассмотрены теоретические подходы к проблеме личностного развития родителей детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. Сделан вывод, что эффективность социальной адаптации этой категории детей определяется культурным и ценностным отношением родителей. Полученные результаты могут быть применены специалистами для организации психолого-педагогического сопровождения личностного развития родителей детей с ограниченными возможностями развития в условиях образовательных учреждений.
For the last ten years socio-economic and political changes have taken place in Russia, causing changes in the aspect of attitude towards children with disabilities. Researchers specify on the defects of social adaptation of the children of this category, related both to the specifics of moral development of society, and the lacks of personality development of their parents. The study of the parents’ need for self-actualization was carried out through the selfactualization test of E. Shostrom. The study of personal development of children with disabilities was carried out using the technique of E. E. Rukavishnikova, test questionnaire of A. Ya. Varga and V. V. Stolin, the technique of “Ladder” (V. G. Shchur) and others. The influence of personal maturity of parents on the effectiveness of socialization of children with disabilities is proved. Theoretical approaches to the problem of personality development of parents of children with disabilities are considered. It is concluded that the effectiveness of social adaptation of this category of children is determined by the level of personality development of parents, causing a change of options of parents in the perception of a child and the organization of co-operating with them. As a result of the study, conclusions were drawn about the relationship between the level of development of the personality of parents and the successful social adaptation of children with developmental disabilities. The results can be applied by specialists to organize psychological and pedagogical support of the personal development of parents of children with disabilities in educational institutions.
ОБ ОТДЕЛЬНЫХ ПРИНЦИПАХ И ПРИЕМАХ ОБУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ КАК ИНОСТРАННОМУ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ИДИОМ, ОТРАЖАЮЩИХ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКУЮ ПРОБЛЕМАТИКУ)
Authors: Hua Wang 
Published: February 2020

Рассматриваются принципы и приемы обучения русскому языку как иностранному в китайской студенческой аудитории, основанные на включении в процесс обучения иностранному языку материала, ориентированного на будущую профессиональную сферу (идиоматические выражения, отражающие политическую проблематику). На основе теоретического обобщения подходов китайских и российских лингвистов сформулированы основные подходы к выделению идиоматических выражений со стороны содержания (теоретическое исследование, исследование употребления) и со стороны методологии и лексикографии. Представлена характеристика ведущих методических принципов реализации языкового образования для китайских студентов: описаны приемы семантизации слов, способы лексикографической работы, описана логика работы в условиях специально организованной учебно-коммуникативной ситуации на всех этапах, представлен анализ работы с профессиональными текстами. Описаны механизмы учебной работы с идиоматическими выражениями, направленные на развитие совокупности иноязычной компетентности студентов китайских вузов. Экспериментальная апробация представленной совокупности приемов обучения русскому языку как иностранному в аудитории китайских студентов на продвинутом уровне показала свою эффективность.
The article considers the principles and methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the Chinese student audience, based on the inclusion in the process of teaching a foreign language of material focused on the future professional sphere (idiomatic expressions reflecting political issues). On the basis of the theoretical generalization of the approaches of Chinese and Russian linguists, the main approaches to the allocation of idiomatic expressions from the content (theoretical research, use research) and from the methodology and lexicography are formulated. The characteristic of the leading methodological principles of the implementation of language education for Chinese students is presented: the methods of semantization of words, methods of lexicographic work are described, the logic of work in a specially organized educational and communicative situation at all stages is described, the analysis of work with professional texts is presented. The mechanisms of educational work with idiomatic expressions aimed at the development of the set of foreign language competence of students of Chinese universities are described. Experimental approbation of the presented set of methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the audience of Chinese students at an advanced level has shown its effectiveness.
Evolution of Different Bacterial Mningoencephalitis: Series of Case Presentations and Literature Review
Authors: Claudia Cambrea Simona , Consuela Marcas , Simona Diaconu , Raluca Mihai , Daniela Pinzaru Anca , Florin Mangu , Larisia Mihai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Bacterial meningitis is one of the most important medical emergencies, a life-threatening condition that leads to death in all the cases in untreated patients. In infants and young children, especially under 5 years old, the most encountered and severe forms are caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis and Hemophilus influenzae type b. The risk of neurological impairment after an acute episode of bacterial meningitis is relatively high. Worldwide, prevention through vaccination decreased dramatically incidence and mortality related to these disease. In Romania vaccination for Neisseria meningitides is optional available for just 6 months, vaccination for Streptococcus pneumoniae by one year, and for Haemophylus influenzae type B is available over 10 years.
We present evolution of a series of three cases with different bacterial meningoencephalitis with severe evolution and prolonged hospitalization. All these cases were reported in unvaccinated children for germs that cause meningitis.
”In Memory of the Snow Queen” – Hans Christian Andersen Recalled and Retold
Authors: Zańko Aldona 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The main focus of the present paper is the so-called “intertextual revision”, explored as one of the most recent and innovative strategies employed while reviving the legacy of the Danish fairy-tale classic Hans Christian Andersen. In order to illustrate this practice, I discuss a short story entitled Travels with the Snow Queen (2001), by an American writer Kelly Link, which is a reworking of Andersen's worldfamous fairy tale The Snow Queen (1844). Link’s take on Andersen’s tale represents one of the leading directions within revisionary fairy-tale fiction, inspired by feminism and gender criticism. The analysis is centered around the narrative strategies employed by the author in order to challenge the gender logic incorporated into Andersen’s account, as well as the broader fairy-tale tradition it belongs to.