bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of alopecia with self-esteem in children and adolescents
Authors: Aşkın Özge , Koyuncu Zehra , Serdaroğlu Server 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Hair is important for individuals due to its cosmetic functions and its anatomical and physiological features. Hair loss in children significantly affects their social and psychological well-being and may lead to significant psychological distress in those not benefiting from medical and/or traditional therapies. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the self-esteem in children and adolescents with alopecia areata.

Methods
This comparative study included children and adolescents with the diagnosis of alopecia and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Self-esteem was evaluated by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES).

Results
The study included 64 patients with alopecia (M/F, 32/32; mean age, 12.2 ± 3.0 years) and 60 healthy controls (M/F, 30/30; mean age, 12.0 ± 3.0 years). Age (p=0.64) and sex (p=1.0) distributions were similar between the groups. Of the patients, 35 had alopecia areata, 21 had alopecia universalis, and eight had alopecia totalis. The RSES score of patients was significantly higher than that of the controls (median [interquartile range], 1 [0–2] and 1 [0–1], respectively; p=0.008). The distribution of the participants according to the level of self-esteem (low, moderate, and high) based on the RSES scores revealed that, the proportion of patients with low and moderate self-esteem were significantly higher as compared with controls (p=0.001). The diagnostic subtype and sex did not affect the distribution of self-esteem scores in both groups.

Conclusions
Hair loss is a significant factor affecting self-esteem of children and adolescents. Deteriorations in self-esteem may progress to psychological comorbidities if not approached, diagnosed, and treated timely and efficiently.
Research on the influencing factors of losses in 10 kV, 1000 kW induction motor
Authors: Cao Xianghong , Xu Yanan , Qiu Hongbo , Zhang Yong , Liu Yubao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe motor losses are directly affecting the efficiency of the high voltage induction motor (HVIM). It is an important parameter of the motor design. In order to analyze the influencing factors of the HVIM losses, a 10 kV, 1000 kW HVIM is taken as an example to establish a 2D finite element model. The correctness of the model has been verified by the comparison of experimental data and calculated data. The finite element calculation method is adopted to numerically solve the electromagnetic parameters of the prototype. Based on electromagnetic parameters, the influence of the rotational speed of the HVIM on the core loss is analyzed, and the variation of the rotational speed on the core loss is obtained. Secondly, the influence degree of load rate on the core loss of HVIM is determined. Finally, the variations of different material characteristics on losses are studied. In addition, the effects of different speed and load rate on the copper loss of the HVIM are also studied. The analysis of this paper provides reference and engineering practical value for the optimization design of HVIM.
Cascade screening and treatment of children with familial hypercholesterolemia in Turkey
Authors: Kose Engin , Kose Melis , Ozturk Sureyya Ipek , Ozcan Esra , Onay Huseyin , Ozkan Behzat 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Premature coronary artery disease is the most common preventable cause of death in developed countries, and familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common monogenetic disorder of lipid metabolism, predisposing for premature coronary artery. FH is the most common preventable cause of death in developed countries. In 2016, the national lipid screening program in school-age children has been started in Turkey. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lipid screening program, lipid-lowering treatments, and the challenges of treatments in children diagnosed with FH.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with FH in the pediatric metabolism outpatient clinic were retrospectively evaluated. Changes in lipid profile with dietary interventions and statin treatments were assessed. The results of cascade screening were analyzed.

Results
Fifty-one patients diagnosed with FH were enrolled in the study. Twenty-four (47.1%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 9.8 ± 3.2 years. Heterozygous LDLR gene mutation was detected in all patients. Three novel pathogenic variations were revealed with the genetic investigation. Forty-one (80.4%) patients had high adherence to CHILD-2 dietary recommendations. The mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level decreased by 14.5 ± 7.6% after dietary intervention. Parents refused to start statin treatment in 8 (15.7%) patients. Statin treatment was initiated to 22 (43.1%) patients. Mean LDL-C level decreased from 204.1 ± 19.1 mg/dL to 137.0 ± 13.1 mg/dL. In cascade screening, 7 (13.7%) parents without a diagnosis of FH were diagnosed with FH. After the screening program, statin treatment was initiated for 18 (35.3%) parents and 7 (16.3%) siblings.

Conclusions
We can conclude that screening for FH in children is crucial for diagnosing FH not only in children but also in their relatives. Although statins are safe and effective in achieving the target LDL-C level, we determined significant resistance for initiating statin treatment in patients.
Supersolidus Sintering of Cr Prealloyed Steels by Inductive Heating
Authors: Gierl-Mayer C. , Huemer M. C. , Danninger H. , Dlapka M. , Stetina G. , Ratzi R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFor powder metallurgy products, high density is an essential requirements to obtain maximum mechanical properties. Here, supersolidus liquid phase sintering (SSPLS) is an effective means to attain high sintered density, as known from PM high speed steels. In the present work it is shown that this technique can also be applied to Cr prealloyed low alloy steel grades. Supersolidus sintering through indirect heating requires precise control of temperature and also the atmosphere, to avoid uncontrolled changes of the carbon level. Higher C contents are beneficial here since they enable lower temperatures and result in wider temperature windows for sintering. The temperatures necessary for SSLPS at moderate C levels are fairly high for standard sintering furnaces, therefore induction sintering was studied in this work. It showed that, as was to be expected, also here precise temperature control is required, but for any carbon level tested a sintering temperature could be identified that yielded high sintered density and good shape retention. The high density attained, in combination with the very high temperatures, results in pronounced grain growth, this process no more being inhibited by the presence of pores, which is undesirable but can however be remedied by suitable heat treatment.
Physiological effects of millimeter-waves on skin and skin cells: an overview of the to-date published studies
Authors: Leszczynski Dariusz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The currently ongoing deployment if the fifth generation of the wireless communication technology, the 5G technology, has reignited the health debate around the new kind of radiation that will be used/emitted by the 5G devices and networks – the millimeter-waves. The new aspect of the 5G technology, that is of concern to some of the future users, is that both, antennas and devices will be continuously in a very close proximity of the users’ bodies. Skin is the only organ of the human body, besides the eyes, that will be directly exposed to the mm-waves of the 5G technology. However, the whole scientific evidence on the possible effects of millimeter-waves on skin and skin cells, currently consists of only some 99 studies. This clearly indicates that the scientific evidence concerning the possible effects of millimeter-waves on humans is insufficient to devise science-based exposure limits and to develop science-based human health policies. The sufficient research has not been done and, therefore, precautionary measures should be considered for the deployment of the 5G, before the sufficient number of quality research studies will be executed and health risk, or lack of it, scientifically established.
Die Deregulierung von Berufszugangsbeschränkungen und die Corona-Krise
Authors: Rasch Alexander , Waibel Christian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe corona virus crisis and its negative impact on the German economy call for countermeasures. This article discusses the impact of one measure: the deregulation of restrictions on access to certain professions that operate in markets with informational asymmetries. Firms’ persistence in such markets is crucial for both employees and customers. Previous analysis of provisions that reduced restrictions on access to professional craftsmen’s markets in 2004 has shown that the deregulation led to a decrease of firms’ persistence. Moreover, while the measures led to an increase in the total number of firms and an increase in employment in craftsmen’s markets, the fact that most of the newly hired employees worked part time dampened the effect on the total number of working hours. On the customers’ side, the deregulation led to lower prices, but also, potentially, to lower quality. Furthermore, the lower persistence is problematic given the information asymmetry.
Impact of aging on the hydration of tricalcium aluminate (C3A)/gypsum blends and the effectiveness of retarding admixtures
Authors: Hartmann Florian Andreas , Plank Johann 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the production of concrete from cement powder and water, setting behavior of the slurry is determined by the formation of ettringite (Ca6Al2(OH)12 · (SO4)3 · 26 H2O) from tricalcium aluminate (Ca9Al6O18, abbreviated C3A) and gypsum (CaSO4 · 2 H2O). Due to the high reaction potential of cement and water, premature hydration can occur after unintentional exposure to moisture. Model binary mixtures of C3A and gypsum stored at 90% relative humidity and 35 °C produced ample amounts of ettringite, which subsequently reacted with atmospheric CO2 to CaCO3, Al(OH)3 and gypsum. Investigated were the two main polymorphs of tricalcium aluminate encountered in cement, pure, cubic C3A and orthorhombic C3A in which calcium is partially substituted by sodium or potassium. Alkali substituted C3A converted to ettringite faster and more completely than pure C3A. Ettringite from prehydration caused a seeding effect, which promotes crystal growth and accelerates bulk hydration of the C3A/gypsum mixtures. Set retarders commonly applied in cement were dissolved in the mixing water prior to hydration to investigate their ability to counteract this acceleration. Sodium gluconate merely delayed the crystal growth but does not prolong the hydration process overall. Potassium pyrophosphate retarded much more effectively by suppressing the seeding effect via removal of calcium ions from the hydration reaction.
Critical Thinking Skills Reviewed from Communication Skills of the Primary School Students in STEM-Based Project-Based Learning Model
Authors: Oktavia Zaini , Ridlo Saiful 
Published: August 2020

Critical thinking skills are important to practice early on in elementary school. It is believed that STEM based education could trigger the students to more critical. Individuals who have critical thinking skills will be able to communicate well. Many research results show that critical thinking skills can be stimulated by applying project-based learning in class. This research aims to describe critical thinking skills based on communication skills by using STEM-based Project-Based Learning. The research is a mixed-methods study. The population of this research consisted of fifth graders of Public Primary School 3 Pakis. The research instruments used were critical thinking skills tests, communication skills questionnaires and interview guidelines. The quantitative data was selected by purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data was based on the communication skills levels: high, moderate, and low. Based on the triangulation data it shows that students with high critical thinking skills reached the aspect of analyzing arguments; the moderate level could achieved simple aspects of explanation; while the lower level critical thinker only reaches the aspect of focusing questions. The STEM approach applied in project-based learning is able to encourage students to be able to communicate verbally and improve their critical thinking skills in solving problems.
A dCas9-Based System Identifies a Central Role for Ctf19 in Kinetochore-Derived Suppression of Meiotic Recombination
Authors: Kuhl Lisa-Marie , Makrantoni Vasso , Recknagel Sarah , Vaze Animish N , Marston Adele L , Vader Gerben 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A dCas9-based system is developed to query the regulation of kinetochore-driven meiotic recombinational control....
Micropropagación de Prosopis pallida (Humb &Bonpl. Ex Willd.) Kunth a partir de yemas apicales
Authors: Rivera Curi Jean Carlo , Cabrera Pintado Rosa María , Bulnes Soriano Carlos Fernando 
Published: August 2020

Prosopis pallida, conocido como algarrobo, es una especie emblemática de los bosques secos del norte del Perú. Es de gran importancia económica por su uso en la producción de leña y carbón, así como en la producción de algarrobina proveniente de sus frutos. Actualmente las actividades humanas han deforestado grandes poblaciones de algarrobo en el bosque seco, por lo que es muy importante una propagación masiva para planes de reforestación a gran escala en esos ecosistemas, con la finalidad de conservar la especie y también las características genéticas de individuos élite. El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer un protocolo para la propagación in vitro de algarrobo. Previo a la siembra in vitro, se evaluaron tres tratamientos pregerminativos para poder acelerar la germinación de las semillas con la finalidad de obtener mayor material de propagación. Luego se evaluó el efecto del medio de plantas leñosas con la adición de cuatro concentraciones (0; 0,5; 1,0 y 1,5 mg/L) de citoquininas (BAP y ZEA) sobre la propagación in vitro de Prosopis pallida, habiendo realizado tres ensayos debido a la poca efectividad de brotación de las yemas apicales, resultando mejor la ausencia de citoquininas en yemas apicales con sus dos cotiledones, usando tapas de algodón en los tubos de ensayo. En esta etapa se evaluó el número de nudos, altura de plántula y número de brotes. Para el enraizamiento se ensayó con tres concentraciones (0; 0,5 y 1,0 mg/L) de auxinas (NAA, IBA y IAA), y se evaluó el porcentaje de enraizamiento, longitud de la raíz y número de raíces; obteniéndose mejores resultados con 0,5 mg/L IBA. En la fase de aclimatación se evaluó el porcentaje de aclimatación en dos tipos de sustratos, obteniéndose mejores resultados con sustrato comercial de turba y vermiculita.
Extraction of metabolites from Calendula officinalis and evaluation of their colorant and antibacterial capacity
Authors: Rojas Bedoya Laura Cristina , Gómez López Katherine , Marín Pareja Nathalia 
Published: August 2020

In this work, different bioactive compounds were obtained from Calendula officinalis by using conventional soxhlet extraction, shaker-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction. The effect of different extraction time and temperature on the quantity of bioactive compounds obtained was investigated. The extracts obtained were further analyzed by UV–visible spectrometric analysis. The effect of extraction technique on both the colorant power of carotenoids and antibacterial capacity of the flavonoids was evaluate. Colorant power was evaluated by UV–visible spectrometric and dyeing ability in dairy product. Antibacterial activity of extracts was developed against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium by diffusion technique in well. Outstanding extraction results were obtained by ultrasound extraction technique performed during 2 hours, at 30°C and with 96% ethanol, for bioactive compounds evaluated. The same treatment showed the best result in colorant power and dyeing ability. The extracts obtained by ultrasound had a slightly inhibitory effect of growth on E. coli in comparison with the other techniques, while none of the extracts obtained from the different techniques reported a significant inhibition on the growth of S. Typhi. Therefore, ultrasound-assisted extraction is considered as an alternative process for obtaining the bioactive compounds from C. officinalis with high concentration, colorant power and antibacterial activity.
COVID-19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Disease Incidence and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Elias Michelle , Pievani Daniele , Randoux Christine , Louis Kevin , Denis Blandine , Delion Alexandra , Le Goff Océane , Antoine Corinne , Greze Clarisse , Pillebout Evangeline , Abboud Imad , Glotz Denis , Daugas Eric , Lefaucheur Carmen 
Published: August 2020

Significance Statement
Although studies have found coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to be associated with high morbidity and mortality among kidney transplant recipients, risk factors for COVID-19 among kidney transplant patients remain poorly defined. In this prospective cohort study in France, the authors enrolled 1216 kidney transplant patients, 66 (5%) of whom were diagnosed with COVID-19. The mortality rate associated with COVID-19 for the overall study population was 1% and 24% among COVID-19–positive patients. Factors that were independently associated with COVID-19 included non-White race and comorbidities, including obesity, diabetes, and asthma and chronic pulmonary disease. In the context of COVID-19, it is imperative that policy makers integrate information about risk factors to help clinicians balance benefits and risks and better advise patients about potential risks.

Background
COVID-19 has been associated with high morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. However, risk factors for COVID-19 disease in patients with kidney transplants remain poorly defined.

Methods
We enrolled patients who underwent kidney transplantation and were actively followed up in two hospitals in Paris on March 1st, 2020. Patients were screened for baseline and transplant characteristics, functional parameters, comorbidities, and immunosuppressive therapies. COVID-19 disease was assessed. Patients were followed up during the pandemic until April 30th, 2020 by the COVID-19 SLS KT survey program, including teleconsulting, at-home monitoring for patients with COVID-19, and a dedicated phone hotline platform.

Results
Among 1216 patients with kidney transplants enrolled, 66 (5%) patients were identified with COVID-19 disease, which is higher than the incidence observed in the general population in France (0.3%). Their mean age was 56.4±12.5 years, and 37 (56%) patients were men. The following factors were independently associated with COVID-19 disease: non-White ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.17; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.23 to 3.78; P=0.007), obesity (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.19 to 4.05; P=0.01), asthma and chronic pulmonary disease (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.49 to 6.41; P=0.002), and diabetes (OR, 3.33; 95% CI, 1.92 to 5.77; P<0.001). The mortality rate related to COVID-19 disease was 1% in the overall study population and 24% in COVID-19–positive patients.

Conclusions
Patients with kidney transplants display a high risk of mortality. Non-White ethnicity and comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, asthma, and chronic pulmonary disease were associated with higher risk of developing COVID-19 disease. It is imperative that policy makers urgently ensure the integration of such risk factors on response operations against COVID-19.
Source Model of the 2014 Mw 6.9 Yutian Earthquake at the Southwestern End of the Altyn Tagh Fault in Tibet Estimated from Satellite Images
Authors: Li Xing , Xu Wenbin , Jónsson Sigurjón , Klinger Yann , Zhang Guohong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMultiple fault segments ruptured during the 2014 Yutian earthquake, but the detailed source parameters and the mechanism of rupture complexity remain poorly understood. Here, we use high-resolution TanDEM-X satellite data and Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre-6/7 images to map the coseismic ground deformation field of the event. We find that the majority of coseismic slip occurred in the upper 10 km with the maximum left-lateral fault slip of ∼2.5  m at ∼6  km depth. The fault ruptured across a large 4.5 km extensional stepover from one left-lateral fault segment to another, with some right-lateral relay faulting in between. We find that the earthquake was followed by shallow afterslip concentrating at the southwestern end of coseismic rupture, in an area of many aftershocks and positive Coulomb failure stress change. Our findings demonstrate the power of satellite remote sensing technology in constraining source geometry and slip model of complex earthquakes when ground measurements are limited.
AstroSeis: A 3D Boundary Element Modeling Code for Seismic Wavefields in Irregular Asteroids and Bodies
Authors: Tian Yuan , Zheng Yingcai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We developed a 3D elastic boundary element method computer code, called AstroSeis, to model seismic wavefields in a body with an arbitrary shape, such as an asteroid. Besides the AstroSeis can handle arbitrary surface topography, it can deal with a liquid core in an asteroid model. Both the solid and liquid domains are homogenous in our current code. For seismic sources, we can use single forces or moment tensors. The AstroSeis is implemented in the frequency domain, and the frequency-dependent Q can be readily incorporated. The code is in MATLAB (see Data and Resources), and it is straightforward to set up the model to run the code. The frequency-domain calculation is advantageous to study the long-term elastic response of a celestial body due to a cyclic force, such as the tidal force, with no numerical dispersion issue suffered by many other methods requiring volume meshing. Our AstroSeis has been benchmarked with other methods such as normal-mode summation and the direct solution method. This open-source AstroSeis will be a useful tool to study the interior and surface processes of asteroids.