bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of circulating tumor cells with positive centromere probe 8 in the diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules.
Authors: Liu Caidong , Chen Hongling , Sun Tong , Wang Haibo , Chen Baoan , Wang Xuerong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Circulating cancer cells (CTCs) provide opportunities for early diagnosis and evaluation of cancer stage as a more acceptable non-invasive liquid biopsy. The advanced development and use of CTCs for diagnosis or prognosis just started in recent years.Methods: Fifty three patients, diagnosed as SPNs with a diameter less than 30 mm by CT examination, was enrolled for statistical analysis based on their CTCs level, CT examination features, serum tumor marker concentrations, and histopathological characteristics. Centromere probe 8 (CEP8) was utilized as a marker for CTCs determination. Results: The CTCs level was significantly different between malignant and benign SPNs, as well as between early (0/Ⅰa) and advanced (Ⅰb/Ⅱ/Ⅲ) stages of lung cancer. ROC analysis showed that the CTCs level had diagnostic effect on malignant SNPs. Combined use of CTCs and density feature of CT morphology further improve the overall diagnostic effect on the pTNM stage of these SPNs determined as lung cancer (≤Ia vs. >Ia stage) compared to use of these two markers solely, especially increased the diagnostic specificity. Moreover, in bigger, single, and solid SPNs based on CT morphology, the CTCs level significantly correlated with the malignant histopathology. Additionally, triple staining (CEP8, EpCAM and CKs) results using samples from 22 out of 53 patients showed that more CTCs was detected when CEP8 was used as a marker. Conclusions: The CTCs determined by CEP8 positive would be a potential adjuvant diagnostic marker for the malignance and stage of lung cancer for patients with SPNs.
Atherosclerotic Plaque Locations may be Related to Different Ischemic Lesion Patterns
Authors: Woo Ho Geol , Heo Sung Hyuk , Kim Eui Jong , Chang Dae-il , Song Tae Jin , Kim Bum Joon 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are an important cause of ischemic stroke. Artery-to-artery embolism is the major stroke mechanism in patients with atherosclerotic carotid disease. We hypothesized that the atherosclerotic ICA geometry and plaque location would be associated with the lesion pattern in acute ischemic stroke.Methods: Ischemic stroke patients with symptomatic proximal ICA disease (> 50% diameter stenosis) were enrolled. The carotid plaque location was divided into high-apical and low-body types. The geometric parameters of the ICA (angles between arteries) were measured; moreover, ischemic lesion patterns were classified according to the number, location, and size of the lesions. Factors associated with plaque location and lesion pattern (dichotomized by size) were investigated.Results: A total of 93 patients (31 high-apical plaques and 62 low-body plaques) were investigated. In patients with low-body plaques, hyperlipidemia was more prevalent and the common carotid artery (CCA)-ICA angle was wider (162.3 ± 9.8° vs. 167.7 ± 10.4°, p = 0.019). Low-body plaques more frequently appeared as small scattered or cortical lesions (54.8% vs. 32.3%, p = 0.040), whereas high-apical plaques more frequently appeared as a large lesion with additional lesions (38.7% vs. 11.3%, p = 0.002). Low-body plaques (odds ratio 3.106, 95% confidence interval 1.105–8.728, p = 0.032) was independently associated with the small lesions only pattern.Conclusions: Low-body plaques more frequently present small-scattered lesions, whereas high-apical plaques more frequently present a large lesion with additional lesions. A wide CCA-ICA angle is associated with low-body plaque of the carotid artery.
The voices of parents whose children hospitalized with chronic kidney disease: A qualitative study
Authors: Khorsandi Fatemeh , Parizad Naser , Feizi Aram , MaslakPak Masumeh Hemmati 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Parents play an important role in the treatment of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their dissatisfaction may result in negative impacts on children’s health outcomes as well as their medical treatment. Thus, exploring parents' experience and identifying and addressing challenging issues could be helpful in managing the patients’ chronic conditions during their hospitalization. This study aimed to explore parents’ experiences during the hospitalization of their children with CKD.
Methods

This study was a qualitative study with the content analysis approach. Participants were 15 parents of children with CKD who were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis.
Results

Two overarching categories of “improper behavior of personnel” and “unprofessional performance of personnel” were extracted from the data. The first category included sub-categories of ‘staff aggression’ and ‘staff indifference’. ‘Disturbed interaction’, ‘poor patient care, and ‘poor skills of personnel’ were considered as the sub-categories of "unprofessional performance of personnel".
Conclusion

The results indicated that improper behavior and unprofessional performance of the healthcare personnel can intensify the child’s and parents’ problems, and make it more difficult for them to deal with these difficulties. The medical team can significantly help parents by establishing appropriate communication and behavior, providing them the required information about their child’s disease and the necessary care to mitigate or eliminate their problems. Also, health care authorities can develop and implement educational and practical guidelines for healthcare personnel to improve their knowledge and skills.
sRAGE Downregulates the VEGF Expression in PCOS Ovarian Granulosa Cells
Authors: Wang Jingyan , Guan Yichun , Liu Yi , Wang Liang , Zhang Zhan , Wang Bijun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective High expression of VEGF in ovarian tissue, serum and follicular fluid of PCOS women is involved in the physiological and pathogenesis processes of PCOS. Our objective was to investigate the effect of sRAGE on VEGF expression and EGF-like growth factor in PCOS ovarian granulosa cells.Methods We collected ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF). Then treatment ovarian granulosa cells with different concentrations of sRAGE. Levels of VEGF, AREG, BTC and EREG mRNA were examined by quantitative RT-PCR. The protein levels of VEGF, AREG, BTC and EREG were measured by ELISA.Results Treatment with sRAGE decrease the production of VEGF, and the effects were dependent on the concentrations of sRAGE (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, the expression of the EGF-like growth factors AREG, BTC and EREG were decreased, and the expression were dependent on the concentrations of sRAGE (P < 0.05).Conclusions sRAGE may downregulate VEGF expression in PCOS ovarian granulosa cells,and EGF-like growth factor pathway may be involved in this process.
Cardiopulmonary exercise tests of adolescent elite sport climbers—a comparison of the German junior national team in sport climbing and nordic skiing
Authors: Schöffl Isabelle , Wüstenfeld Jan , Jones Gareth , Dittrich Sven , Lutter Chris , Schöffl Volker 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: All the research investigating the cardiopulmonary capacity in climbers focused on predictors for climbing performance. The effects of climbing on the cardiovascular system in adolescents climbing at an elite level (national team) have not been evaluated.A retrospective analysis of the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) performed on a cycle ergometer during the yearly medical examination of the entire German Junior National climbing team on one occasion and for a selected subgroup on two occasions spaced two years apart was undertaken. The data from the subgroup was compared to an age- and gender-matched control of nordic skiers from the German Junior National nordic skiing team.Results: 47 climbers (20 girls, 27 boys) were examined once. The peak oxygen consumption (B achieved by the athletes was 41.3 mL kg-1 min-1 (boys) and 39.8 mL kg-1 min-1 (girls). 8 boys and 6 girls were tested twice over a time-frame of 27.5 months. The parameters of the exercise test measured on both occasions were significantly lower than those of the 14 nordic skiers. There was no change with respect to any variables over the examined time-frame. Conclusions: The elite climbers investigated in this study showed comparable a-values to athletes from team and combat sports. The nordic skiers to which they were compared showed significantly higher values consistant with the fact that this is an endurance sport. Even though the cardiopulmonary measurements of the nordic skiers still improved after two years of training, no adaptations could be observed in the elite climbers.
Does the timing of surgery affect short-term prognosis in newborn infants with meningomyelocele?
Authors: Mert Mustafa Kurthan , Ökten Ali İhsan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of postnatal primary repair surgery time on short-term (first 30 days) prognosis in neonates with meningomyelocele (MMC).Methods: The records of meningomyelocele patients treated at Adana City Training and Research Hospital between June 30, 2015 and August 1, 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinical characteristics, surgical time, hospitalization and antibiotic duration, complications and associated anomalies were recorded.Results: Data of 41 patients were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups according to the time of surgery. There were 18 patients in the early surgery (≤3 days) group and 23 patients in the late surgery (>3 days) group. There was no difference between groups in terms of birth weight, gestational week, head circumference, sex and type of delivery (p>0.05). The length of hospitalization was 17.2 ± 8.2 in the early surgery group and 24.8 ± 16.1 in the late surgery group (p>0.05). Antibiotic duration was 11.8 ± 7.6 in the early surgery group and 13.8 ± 10.1 in the late surgery group (p>0.05). There was no difference between the two groups between the average size of the MMC sac (5.4±1.1 vs 6.1±2.3, p>0.05). The number of patients with postoperative complications in early surgery group was 8 (44.4%) and in late surgery group was 7 (30.4%), and the number of patients reoperated in the first 30 days in early surgery group was 5 (27.7%) and in late surgery group was 6 (26.1%). The number of patients requiring ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) was 9 (50%) in the early surgery group and 13 (56.5%) in the late surgery group. Surgical complications minor-major dehiscences, CSF leakage, local infection, meningitis and ventriculitis are not statistically different between the groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: Although postnatal early surgical intervention in MMC positively affects short-term outcomes, short-term prognosis is also determined by the presence of associated anomalies, VPS placement time, and rupture of the sac.
Dependable Algorithm for Visualizing Snoring Duration Through Acoustic Analysis
Authors: Kao Hsueh-Hsin , Lin Yen-Chang , Kao Yee-Hsin , Lin Chih-Wen , Ho Madan , Yu Hsiao-Chen , Wang Chun-Lung , Chiang Jui-Kun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Snoring is a nuisance for the bed partners of people who snore and is also associated with chronic diseases. Estimating the snoring duration from a whole-night-sleep period is challenging. We present a dependable algorithm for visualizing snoring durations through acoustic analysis.Method: Both instruments (Sony digital recorder and smartphone’s SnoreClock app) were placed within 30 cm from the examinee’s head during the sleep period. Subsequently, spectrograms were plotted based on audio files recorded from Sony recorders. We developed an algorithm to validate snoring durations through visualization of typical snoring segments.Results: In total, 37 snoring recordings obtained from six individuals were analyzed. The mean age of the participants was 44.6 ± 9.9 years. A 3-s segment demonstrated the typical dominant frequency bands and amplitude waves of two snores. Every recorded file was tailored to a regular 600-s segment and plotted. Visualization revealed that the typical features of the clustered snores in the amplitude domains were near-isometric spikes (most had an ascending–descending trend). The recorded snores exhibited one or more visibly fixed frequency bands. Intervals were noted between the snoring clusters and were incorporated into the whole-night snoring calculation. The correlative coefficients of snoring rates of digitally recorded files examined by Examiners A and B were higher (0.865, p < 0.001) than those with SnoreClock app (0.757, p < 0.001; 0.787, p < 0.001, respectively).Conclusion: A dependable algorithm with high reproducibility was developed for visualizing snoring durations.
RND2 attenuates apoptosis and autophagy in glioblastoma cells by targeting p38 MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Yang , Sun Qian , Yuan Fan’en , Dong Huimin , Zhang Huikai , Geng Rongxin , Qi Yangzhi , Xiong Xiaoxing , Chen Qianxue , Liu Baohui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling leads to glioblastoma multiform (GBM) tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism which induces the p38 MAPK signaling silent during GBM genesis is yet to be figured out. Identifying new factors which could regulate p38 MAPK signaling is important for tumor treatment.
Methods
Flow-cytometry, TUNEL assay, Immunofluorescence, JC-1 assays, as well as western blotting analysis were used to detect the apoptosis of GBM cells. The detection devices of autophagy levels in GBM cells were western blotting analysis, immunofluorescence of LC3B protein, LC3B puncture assays and transmission electron microscopy. The functions of these critical molecules are further confirmed by intracranial xenografts in nude mice as in vivo experiments. Tumor tissue samples and clinical information were used to identify the correlation between RND2 and p62, LC3B expression, survival time of patient, tumor volume in clinical patients.
Results
We found that small GTPase RND2 expression significantly increased in human glioblastomas by summarizing the data of TCGA database. Our study demonstrated that the RND2 function is as an endogenous repressor of the p38 MAPK phosphorylation complex. RND2 physically interacted with p38, decreasing p38 phosphorylation, therefore, p38 MAPK signaling activities were inhibited. The forced expression of RND2 repressed the p38 MAPK signaling, which inhibited glioblastoma cell autophagy and apoptosis in vitro and induced the xenograft mice’s tumor growth in vivo. The downregulation of RND2, nevertheless, enhanced p38 MAPK signaling activities and promoted glioma cell autophagy and apoptosis. The inhibition of p38 phosphorylation abolished RND2 deficiency-mediated GBM cell autophagy and apoptosis. Most important, our study found that the RND2 expression was inversely correlated with patient survival time and was positively correlated with tumor size, indicating that RND2 was an oncogene which predicts a poorer clinical outcome of patients.
Conclusions
Our findings revealed RND2’s new function in GBM genesis and offered mechanistic insights into the inhibitory effects of RND2 in regard of the p38 MAPK activation regulation.
Nature of polar state in 0.67BiFeO3–0.33BaTiO3
Authors: Wei Yongxing , SHEN JIAHAO , BAI CHENXING , JIN CHANGQING , ZHU WEITONG , TIAN YE , XU GANG 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to further understand the nature of the polar state in 0.67BiFeO3–0.33BaTiO3 (0.67BF–0.33BT). A typical relaxor-type dielectric anomaly was observed (Tf = ~627 K, TB = ~820 K). The remnant polarization (Pr), maximum value of electrostrain (Sm) and magnitude strain at Ec in the bipolar mode (Sneg) increase clearly during heating (Pr, ~40 mC/cm2; Sm, 0.191 % under 40 kV/cm at 453 K). The first-cycle bipolar electrostrain loops indicate that the minimum strain on the negative side of the bipolar strain curves is negative. The slopes of the relative permittivity versus log frequency plots in unpoled (–21) and poled (–23) specimens are similar. The transition between the ergodic relaxor state and ferroelectric-like state does not involve a clear dielectric anomaly even in the poled specimen. Analyses based on the Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns, bright-field images and selected-area electron diffractions (SAED) demonstrate that the formation of the long-range ferroelectric domains is difficult under the poling field.
Influence of Temperature on the Electrical Characteristic Parameters and Dynamic Electromechanical Behaviour of PZT-5H
Authors: Tang Enling , Yin Hetong , Han Yafei , Chen Chuang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In order to study the electromechanical characteristics of PZT-5H in the temperature range of -40~25℃under the impact loading, the electrostatic parameters of PZT-5H at different temperatures are measured, the liquid nitrogen cooling/Hopkinson mechanical property and piezoelectric ceramic voltage output testing system are built, Hopkinson experiments at different temperatures (-40℃, -25℃, -10℃, 0℃ and 25℃) and different impact velocities are carried out. Experimental results show that , the resistivity and relative permittivity decrease with the temperature of PZT-5H decreasing from 25℃ to -40℃, and the relative permittivity decrease about 27.92%, and the relaxation time is also deduced. By scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) observation, it is found that the blowhole defects and cracks of the piezoelectric ceramics have obvious effects on the electrical output characteristics of piezoelectric ceramics when the piezoelectric ceramics are struck. Based on the analysis of space charge theory, the freezing effect of piezoelectric ceramics caused by the obstruction of domain motion at low temperature is obtained. And the dynamic piezoelectric constant in the elastic region measured is about 1.66 times that of the static piezoelectric constant, which indicates that the relative dielectric constant of the piezoelectric ceramic has changed significantly under dynamic loading.
Intestinal-type gastric cancer carries a better prognosis but a higher risk of lymph node metastasis than diffuse-type: a SEER study of nearly 28,000 patients
Authors: Zhang Chanqiong , Chen Guangyu , Hong Haofeng , Zhu Jinbo , Zhang Hongyuan , Huang Chongan , Pan Dan , Ye Huajun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The impact of Lauren type, namely intestinal and diffuse types, on prognosis and lymph node metastasis (LNM) for gastric cancer (GC), requires further exploration, since current samples are deficient and the results are inconsistent.We aimed to translate the widely used WHO classifications into Lauren types and analyze the impact with the largest sample size available.Methods: Corresponding Lauren types of the WHO classification system in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included to identify all patients with histological diagnoses of intestinal-type or diffuse-type GC.Results: 4,338 intestinal-type and 22,990 diffuse-type GC were included in our study. Compared with intestinal-type, diffuse-type had a relatively poor prognosis after adjustment for other risk factors (HR, 1.236; P<0.001). Similar to patients with all stages of GC, the prognosis of patients with early diffuse GC was also poor (HR, 1.295; P=0.001). Surgical operation and radiotherapy markedly improved the DSS for patients (P<0.05). To our surprise, the risk of intestinal LNM in all stages of GC was higher than that in the diffuse type (OR=0.891; P=0.036). Although, there was no positive correlation between LNM and Lauren’s GC (OR=1.096; P=0.467) in early stage.Conclusion: Intestinal-type GC carries a better prognosis but a higher risk of LNM than diffuse-type. Patients with intestinal-type GC are likely to gain a greater benefit from receiving surgical treatment, but it is worth noting that clinicians should pay more attention to their lymphatic metastasis.*Contributed equally.The first author: Chanqiong Zhang, Guangyu Chen
Connecting METTL3 and intratumoural CD33+ MDSCs in predicting clinical outcome in cervical cancer
Authors: Ni Huanhe , Zhang Lin , Chen Hong-xia , Dai Shu-qin , Li Jiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) is a member of the m6A methyltransferase family and acts as an oncogene in cancers. Recent studies suggest that host innate immunity is regulated by the enzymes controlling m6A epitranscriptomic changes. Here, we aim to explore the associations between the levels of METTL3 and CD33+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumour tissues and the survival of patients with cervical cancer (CC).Methods: Paraffin tumour specimens from 197 CC patients were collected. The expression of METTL3 and CD33 was measured by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The clinical associations of the IHC variants were analysed by Pearson's and Spearman's chi-square tests. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. Hazard ratios (HRs) and independent significance were obtained via Cox proportional hazards models for multivariate analyses.Results: We found that tumour tissues displayed increased levels of METTL3 and CD33+ MDSCs compared with tumour adjacent tissues from the same CC patients. Importantly, METTL3 expression was positively related to the density of CD33+ cells in tumour tissues (P = 0.011). The level of METTL3 in tumour microenvironments was significantly related to advanced tumour stages. The levels of METTL3 and CD33+ MDSCs in tumour tissues were notably associated with reduced DFS or OS. The Cox model analysis revealed that the level of METTL3 in tumour cells was an independent factor for patient survival, specifically for DFS (HR = 3.157, P = 0.022) and OS (HR = 3.271, P = 0.012), while CD33+ MDSC number was an independent predictor for DFS (HR: 3.958, P = 0.031). Interestingly, in patients with advanced-disease stages (II-IV), METTL3 in tumour cells was an independent factor for DFS (HR = 6.725, P= 0.010) and OS (HR = 5.140, P= 0.021), while CD33+ MDSC density was an independent factor for OS (HR = 8.802, P = 0.037).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that CD33+ MDSC expansion is linked to high levels of METTL3 and that METTL3 and CD33+ MDSCs are independent prognostic factors in CC.