bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The war of the future as a strategic guideline for the forming the critical technologies list
Authors: Kupchyn Artem , Dykhanovskyi Viktor , Kolotukhin Yevhen 
Published: March 2020

Predicting scientific and technological development and, as a result, developing a list of critical technologies in advanced countries is quite common and systematic.
Ukraine, however, forms such a list exclusively for the defense sphere. Highlighting the most promising technological directions that can be implemented in the field of weapons and military equipment requires a clear understanding of the key principles for the operation of new and advanced weapons, as well as the relevance and priority of the development of certain civilian technological areas, which may eventually move into the military.
This paper provides a forecast of the development of the security situation in the world as of 2045. It identifies likely leaders who will spend more than twice as much on their defense, with only two advanced countries that are likely to be at the highest level of military power. It also noted a possible decline in Russiaʼs military capabilities, but an armed threat remains.
The origin of a new sphere of military presence is described – cyberspace, which necessarily entails a change in the forms of future wars. It is also noted that the rapid development of certain technologies, which is currently undergoing scientific and technological development, can lead to catastrophic consequences for all humanity.
Some of the achievements and main principles of the Fifth and Sixth Technological Units, which will inevitably be applied in the development of the latest weapons, are outlined.
Possible directions of modernization of certain available types of weapons are described, as well as key indications of future military conflicts and prospective weapons. In addition, the article provides some data that is drawn from science fiction, but it is quite likely to be used in the creation of promising weapons complexes based on the latest physical principles of action.
Method of determination of survival characteristics of weapons and military equipment
Authors: Dachkovskyi Volodymyr 
Published: March 2020

In order to repel armed aggression in the East of Ukraine, the national defense-industrial complex has modernized and developed a significant nomenclature of weapons and military equipment, which correspond to the forms and methods of conducting modern hostilities. Experience of using the samples of weapons and military equipment, which are allowed to exploitation in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, indicates on the necessity of resolving a number of problematic issues related to tecnical maintenance, repair, providing of logistical means etc., for keeping them in working order
Keeping the samples of weapons and military equipment in working order in conditions of fightfare is determined by the number of factors, the one of which is their survivability, namely ability of sample of weapons and military equipment to keep their parameters in given limits,withstand damage of all kinds, and in the event of damage retain the possibility of combat use after repair with minimal cost of time and repair.
The article proposes a technique for determining the survivability characteristics of a sample of weapons and military equipment. This technique makes it possible to determine the durability and reproducibility indices of weapons and military equipment samples thereby determining the survivability of a particular weapons and military equipment sample or group of single-purpose machines.
A NEUROCIÊNCIA COMO FERRAMENTA NO PROCESSO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Aparecida Alves Ferreira de Souza Laura , Vergilio da Silva Sidney 
Published: March 2020

Os estudos em Neurociências abrangem as doenças do sistema nervoso e seus reflexos nas funções do ser humano, procurando métodos de diagnóstico, prevenção e tratamento. Os estudos aprofundam-se sobre temas como o controle neural das funções vegetativas, das funções sensoriais e motoras, os mecanismos da atenção e memória, aprendizagem, emoção, linguagem e comunicação. Não existe aprendizagem que não passe pelo cérebro, portanto, conhecer o funcionamento do cérebro e do Sistema Nervoso Central é fundamental para entender o processo da aprendizagem. Este artigo tem como objetivos descrever o processo ensino-aprendizagem, identificar o papel que a Neurociência desempenha neste processo e qual a relação entre a Neurociência e a Neuropsicopedagogia na aprendizagem. Como justificativa, destaque-se que esta nova área, dedicada à pesquisa interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar, concentrando-se em pensar sobre o processo ensino-aprendizagem, muito pode oferecer à área da educação. Como fundamentação, utilizou-se o estudo de publicações literárias de autores que entendem a Neuropsicopedagogia como uma práxis capaz de contribuir para o processo ensino-aprendizagem. Os resultados apontaram que esta pode contribuir com técnicas mais adequadas à aprendizagem, na avaliação, no diagnóstico, na intervenção baseada na análise comportamental do aluno e sua família, da escola e da sociedade
PENGARUH SNOWBALL THROWING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISTEM PNEUMATIK KELAS X SMKN 1 BUNTOK
Authors: Riski Erai Kami  , Wiyogo  , Jhonni Rentas Duling  
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of snowball throwing learning model on student learning outcomes in the basics of pneumatic system basics of automotive basic technology in class X of TSM SMKN 1 Buntok, year 2017/2018. This type of research uses true experimental design, the form of research design used in this study uses the form of the pretest-posttest type control group design wherein the initial test will be given before treatment is given and the final test will be given before treatment. The results of this study indicate that the calculation using the t test with a significance level of ? = 0.05 obtained a t count value of 10.25 while the t table value was 2.004. Because t count > t table. This means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an influence of student learning outcomes taught using the snowball throwing learning model
PENGARUH INTAKE DAN EXHAUST LOBE LIFT SERTA CELAH KATUP TERHADAP KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR
Authors: Wahyu Pangeran Musa , Meydiant Endry , Pribadi M.Agung 
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Sepeda motor membutuhkan bahan bakar fosil dan saat ini cadangannya semakin berkurang serta tidak dapat diperbarui. Dengan kondisi saat ini, perlu untuk mengontrol penggunaan bahan bakar pada sepeda motor. Pengaturan intake lobe lift, exhaust lobe lift dan celah katup berdampak positif pada konsumsi bahan bakar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh pengaturan intake lobe lift, exhaust lobe lift dan celah katup terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar pada sepeda motor Honda Supra 125. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh variasi intake lobe lift, exhaust lobe lift dan celah katup terhadap konsumsi bahan bakar. Konsumsi bahan bakar terlama (irit) yaitu pada modifikasi camshaft intake lobe lift 250 sebelum Titik Mati Atas (TMA) dan exhaust lobe lift 450 setelah Titik Mati Bawah (TMB), celah katup masuk (in) adalah 0,15 mm dan keluar (ex) adalah 0,15 mm.

Abstract: Motorcycles need fossil fuels and currently reserves were decreasing and cannot be renewed. Under current conditions, it is necessary to control fuel use on motorbikes. The intake lobe lift, exhaust lobe lift and valve gap settings have a positive impact on fuel consumption. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of regulating intake lobe lifts, exhaust lobe lifts and valve fissures on fuel consumption on Honda Supra 125 motorcycles. The research method used experimental methods. The results showed that there was an effect of variations in intake lobe lift, exhaust lobe lift and valve gap on fuel consumption. Economical fuel consumption is the modification of the intake lobe lift camshaft 250 before Top Dead Center (TDC) and exhaust lobe lift 450 after Bottom Dead Center (BDC), valve gap in 0.15 mm and ex 0.15 mm.
Molecular characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from various clinical specimens in Khartoum/Sudan: Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes
Authors: Babour Islam A. , Mohamed Maha B. , Shehabi Asem A 
Published: March 2020

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogenic organism responsible for frequent wound and nosocomial infections worldwide. Its infections are difficult to control since the organism is known to rapidly develop antibiotic resistance and becomes multidrug-resistant (MDR) during treatment of patients.
Aim of the study: This study was intended to investigate the occurrence of certain important types of (ESBL) and (MBL) enzymes in association with important specific virulence factors associated with P. aeruginosa clinical isolates from Khartoum, Sudan.
Methods: This study investigated 70 P. aeruginosa isolates which were collected from patients admitted to four major hospitals in Khartoum (Fedail, Ribat, Ibn Sina and Soba hospitals). These isolates were recovered from 40 wound swabs (57.1%), 27 urine samples (38.6%), and 3 pleural fluid samples (4.3%) of patients. Higher numbers of isolates were recovered from males 42 (60%) than in females 28 (40%). All P. aeruginosa isolates were first confirmed by conventional biochemical and second using molecular PCR tests. PCR methods were also used for detecting the presence of the virulence genes ToxA, AlgD, LasB, exoS, exoU, CTX, GES-1, and genes of VIM, IMP, KPC, CTX, VEB-1 and SHV-1.
Results: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of P. aeruginosa isolates showed a high resistance to azetronam 49 (70%), followed by ceftazidime 32 (45.7%), 16 ciprofloxacin (22.9%), gentamicin 13 (18.6 %), piperacillin-tazobactam 11 (15.7%), amikacin 9 (12.9 %), and imipenem 6 (8.6%) showed the least resistance. All isolates were positive for algD and lasB (100%), followed by toxA (90%), exoS (34.3), exoU (24.3%), respectively. The rates of detected ESBL genes blaTEM, blaCTX-m, blaSHV-1,GES-1, were 3.3%, 6.6%, 10%, 3.3%,10%, respectively, but all isolates were negative for bla-KPC and bla- VIM and IMP . The percentages of pigment production were 61.4% for pyocyanin, 37.1% for pyoverdin and 1.4% for pyorubin.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated high rates of antimicrobial resistance markers to most commonly used antibiotics in treatment of P. aeruginosa infections. The majority of the isolates from urine and wound samples carried at least three potential virulence factor genes of algD, lasB and toxA and without any significant relation to their antimicrobial resistance markers.
Philosophes du judaïsme : de Philon à Lévinas. Une introduction
Authors: Nordmann Sophie 
Published: March 2020

Programme de l’année 2006-2007 : I. éthique et judaïsme : la Religion de la raison de H. Cohen — II. « Les penseurs juifs allemands face à la question de la sécularisation de la langue hébraïque (1910‑1920) »
IDENTIFICATION AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GERMLINE GENETIC VARIANTS PREDISPOSING TO DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER RISK
Authors: Figlioli, et al. (#) Gisella 
Published: March 2020

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common endocrine tumor, showing a high incidence in Italy. A significant higher risk of this cancer is described in first-degree relatives of DTC patients compared to the general population suggesting that germline genetic variants may contribute to its development. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on DTC have identified robust associations with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at chromosomes 2q35, 9q22.33 and 14q13.3. In order to identify additional DTC susceptibility loci, a novel GWAS on the Italian population was conducted. The GWAS was followed by validation studies, where the most interesting SNPs were replicated in a larger Italian population and other European cohorts. Previously observed association for 2q35 and 9q22.33 was confirmed. Moreover, a strong relationship of DTC risk was found with SNPs on 14q24.3 and 20q11.22-q12 across all populations and SNPs on 3q25.32, 5q14, 7q21, 9q34.3, 11p15, 13q12.12 and 20p11 only among Italians. According to ENCODE Project data, many of these SNPs are located in transcription regulatory regions and eQTL analyses showed that five of the associated SNPs may affect the expression levels of their closest genes in different human tissues, including thyroid. In conclusion, novel DTC risk alleles were identified and new insights into their possible functional role were discovered.
Escalation
Authors: Bekhet Abir K. , Kailunas Courtney A. , Atayan Alina T. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Abusive relationships are highly prevalent in our society, but often go unnoticed. Research showed that dating violence continues to escalate in college student populations.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the video as a chosen method of education in raising the college students' awareness regarding warning signs of an abusive relationship.

Design:
This study used a descriptive qualitative design.

Sample/Data Collection:
Five focus groups of college students' participants (freshmen to seniors) were recruited to participate in the “Escalation” workshop. To facilitate discussion, each focus group originally had 15 college students for a total of 75 college students' participants. Five participants dropped of the study the last minute due to conflicting schedules and personal situations. Each focus group lasted for 90 min and consisted of watching a 38 min “Escalation” video that depicts scenarios of abusive relationships and a pre- and a post-qualitative discussion.

Results:
The results of the study and the identified themes illustrate the broadened perspectives participants gained through participating in the workshop. Insights from participants became less focused on physical abuse and began to include more mental and emotional effects of abuse in their responses. This study showed that most participants were not previously aware of the progression and scope of violent relationships.

Discussion/Conclusion:
By recognizing the early signs of an abusive relationship, it is more likely for victims and/or peers to intervene in a safe manner rather than continuing to allow an abusive relationship to escalate to its full potential of violence and physical harm.
Mercosur: Limits of Regional Integration
Authors: Caichiolo Ricardo 
Published: March 2020

Mercosur: Limits of Regional Integration
This study is focused on the evaluation of successes and failures of the Common Market of the South (Mercosur). This analysis of Mercosur’s integration seeks to identify the reasons why the bloc has stagnated in an incomplete customs union condition, although it was originally created to achieve a common market status. To understand the evolution of Mercosur, the study offers some thoughts about the role of the European Union (EU) as a model for regional integration. Although an EU-style integration has served as a model, it does not necessarily set the standards by which integration can be measured as we analyse other integration efforts. However, the case of Mercosur is emblematic: during its initial years, Mercosur specifically received EU technical assistance to promote integration according to EU-style integration. Its main original goal was to become a common market, but so far, almost thirty years after its creation, it remains an imperfect customs union.The article demonstrates the extent to which almost thirty years of integration in South America could be considered a failure, which would be one more in a list of previous attempts of integration in Latin America, since the 1960s. Whether it is a failure or not, it is impossible to envisage EU-style economic and political integration in South America in the foreseeable future. So far, member states, including Brazil, which could supposedly become the engine of economic and political integration in South America, have remained sceptical about the possibility of integrating further politically and economically. As member states suffer political and economic turmoil, they have concentrated on domestic recovery before being able to dedicate sufficient time and energy to being at the forefront of integration.
Interculturalidade e Práticas Pedagógicas: construindo caminhos
Authors: Sacavino Susana Beatriz 
Published: March 2020

A problemática das diferenças culturais hoje apresenta diversas configurações, que provocam tensões, reações de intolerância e discriminação, assim como suscitam várias iniciativas orientadas a trabalhá-las numa perspectiva que promova a afirmação democrática, o respeito mútuo, a aceitação da diferença e a construção de uma sociedade em que todos possam ser plenamente cidadãos. É a partir desse horizonte, que nos situamos e acreditamos no potencial da educação intercultural, para reinventar a escola. O presente trabalho está referido à pesquisa Direitos Humanos, Educação, Interculturalidade: construindo práticas pedagógicas, que realizamos de março de 2012 a fevereiro de 2017. Tem como principal foco a construção de uma perspectiva intercultural, capaz de mobilizar práticas educativas que visem a uma educação crítica, tendo como horizonte a reinvenção da escola. O texto está estruturado em quatro partes. A primeira apresenta uma aproximação ao referencial teórico trabalhado, centrado nas contribuições para o tema do desenvolvimento da interculturalidade na América Latina e em aspectos do pensamento de Boaventura de Sousa Santos. A segunda traz o processo de construção do abecedário sobre educação e interculturalidade, idealizado e realizado sob a direção da professora Adriana Fresquet do Grupo Cinead da Faculdade de Educação da UFRJ. A terceira parte apresenta algumas articulações e relações a partir da seleção de alguns dos verbetes, conceitos/categorias do abecedário e sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento de práticas educativas interculturais no nosso contexto, particularmente no âmbito escolar. Finalmente, tecemos algumas considerações sobre a temática abordada.
A dimensão estética no ensino de geografia: uma contribuição à renovação da geografia escolar
Authors: Ramos Élvis Christian Madureira 
Published: March 2020

É cada vez mais frequente o uso e a menção de obras relacionadas às artes visuais, literárias e poéticas em recursos didáticos dos conteúdos da geografia escolar, mas que as restringe a instrumentos ilustrativos ou apenas referencial temático. A questão que se coloca é: Como essa interface nas aulas de geografia pode ser explorada além de um efeito pictórico e/ou tópico? Uma guinada que supere essas reduções é a busca da valorização da dimensão estética no ensino de geografia, justamente aquilo que possibilita uma confluência de arte e geografia. Em realidade, a dimensão estética costuma ser esquecida ou desprezada dentro da própria geografia enquanto ciência ou na geografia acadêmica. Contudo, ela é parte do cotidiano, do universo sensível e imaginativo dos sujeitos sociais. Este estudo busca tornar evidente sua importância no ensino de geografia e, ao mesmo tempo, explorar um sentido mais largo para o uso das linguagens da arte como um recurso que, mediado pelo professor, possibilita o exercício da imaginação geográfica. Palavras-chaves: Geografia; Ensino de Geografia; Arte; Estética.
O fenômeno migratório nos mapas: o que se fixa dos discursos sobre a humanidade em fluxo
Authors: Cruz Diego Martins da 
Published: March 2020

À medida que a intensidade do fluxo migratório cresce e tensiona a União Europeia, sobretudo nas ultimas décadas, crescem em igual medida os esforços pelo controle de fronteiras (Frontex) e imprensa internacional de sua leitura e monitoramento. O resultado destes esforços é traduzido e reportado, com uso da linguagem cartográfica, ao cidadão europeu em uma lógica de prestação de contas acerca da contenção destes fluxos por meio da representação que deles é construída. Não raro, são estes mapas que subsidiam o ensino de geografia nas escolas. Esse artigo se propõe a analisar o discurso presente em mapas temáticos produzidos por órgãos oficiais europeus, suas possíveis implicações ideológicas e indicar possíveis alternativas para o estudo destes fenômenos espaciais no ensino de geografia. Os referenciais teóricos para essa análise estão presentes no campo da Análise do Discurso, da Cartografia Crítica e aprendizagem por investigação.
La rebelión contra el tiempo: una metáfora de los exilios de Antonio Rodríguez Huéscar
Authors: Lasaga Medina José 
Published: March 2020

Se trata de reflexionar sobre la experiencia de los exilios que vivió Rodríguez Huéscar desde el final de la guerra cvil. Para ello llevo a cabo el análisis de un texto redactado en 1951 sobre el paisaje de su tierra manchega, interpretado como metáfora de su vivencia ante un paisaje devastado por una guerra. Y, en paralelo, se narran las circunstancias de la vida de Huéscar que justifican el uso de la expresión “exilio interior” junto al exilio o emigración a Puerto Rico que llevó a cabo desde 1956 a 1971.
This essay is a reflection about the many exiles that Rodríguez Huéscar lived since the end of the Spanish Civil War. This reflection is done through an analysis of one of his texts from 1951 where Huéscar writes about the Manchegan landscape which he interprets as a metaphor for his experience against a landscape devastated by a war. At the same time, I explore the circumstances in Huéscar’s life that justify the use of the expression “interior exile” along with his exile or immigration to Puerto Rico that lasted from 1956-1971.
Keywords: interior exile, landscape, Ortega y Gasset, Don Quixote
Confiabilidad intra e interobservador de la herramienta de evaluación Canyons
Authors: Sarmento DL. , Brandão A. , Gonçalves L. , Pereira J. , Clemente FM. 
Published: March 2020

Los numerosos manuales técnicos o cursos técnicos no garantizan un buen nivel técnico. Objetivo: validar un instrumento para evaluar las habilidades de maniobras con cuerdas para barranquismo - nivel I. Métodos: 28 individuos, incluidos principiantes (<3 años de experiencia) y practicantes experimentados (≥ 3 años de experiencia) en este deporte. Estos presentaron una edad promedio de 27.5 + - 7.89 años. La ejecución técnica fue grabada en video para su posterior evaluación. Esto fue realizado por tres observadores, todos con experiencia en barranquismo donde dos de ellos enseñaron este deporte en la Universidad. La evaluación se repitió más tarde durante 20 días. Resultados: Los resultados tuvieron buenos niveles de confiabilidad, en el análisis intra- y inter-clase, como en el análisis de prueba / re-prueba. Las variables del Final Score presentan una excelente confiabilidad entre los tres observadores. Conclusión: Después de analizar los resultados, llegamos a la conclusión de que el CAT (Canyoning Assessment Tool) es un instrumento confiable para las habilidades de evaluación en maniobras con cuerdas en el barranquismo.
The numerous technical manuals or technical training does not guarantee a good technical level. Objective: Validate an instrument for evaluating the rope manoeuvres skills for canyoning - level I. Methods: 28 individuals, including beginners (<3 years of experience), and experienced practitioners (≥ 3 years of experience) in this sport. These presented an average age of 27.5 +- 7.89 years. The technical execution was recorded in video for further evaluation. This was done by three observers, all experienced in canyoning where two of them teaching this sport at University. The evaluation was replicated later over 20 days. Results: The results had good reliability levels, in the intra- and inter-class analyses, as in the test/re-test analysis. The Final Score variables present excellent reliability among the three observers. Conclusion: After analysing the results, we concluded that the CAT (Canyoning Assessment Tool) is a reliable instrument for evaluation skills in rope manoeuvres in canyoning.