bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Michael Addition Reaction‐Assisted Surface Modification of Melanin Particles for Water‐Repellent Structural Color Coating
Authors: Maejima Yui , Tomizawa Mana , Takabatake Ai , Takeda Shin‐ichi , Fudouzi Hiroshi , Kishikawa Keiki , Kohri Michinari 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere is significant interest in developing paints based on structural colors, which do not fade like dyes and pigments. To use these paints as coatings, it is necessary to have a technology that can easily impart structural color to the material's surface without changing color based on the viewing angle. In addition, water‐repellent properties that lead to stain resistance are required for practical application. This study applies a structural color coating by synthesizing hydrophobic melanin particles using the Michael addition reaction and arranging these particles on a substrate at high speed. The resulting coating film shows angle‐independent structural color due to the amorphous structure of the particle arrangement, and the color tone could be controlled by adjusting the particle size. The combination of the particle's hydrophobic surface and the microscopic unevenness from the arrangement structure produced a superhydrophobic coating with a contact angle of over 160°. Since the Lotus effect, resulting from superhydrophobic surfaces, can maintain the cleanliness of structural color coatings, the findings of this research will contribute to the development of next‐generation coating technology.
X‐Ray Fluoroscopy‐Based Kinematic Analysis of Quadrupedal Locomotion in Slow and Fast Fatigue‐Resistant Motor Neuron‐Deleted Mice
Authors: Ono Ayumu , Inomata Daijiro , Ohgaki Lisa , Koyama Tenkei , Maeno Akiteru , Misawa Hidemi , Ogihara Naomichi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction/Aims
VAChT‐Cre is a transgenic mouse line targeting slow‐twitch fatigue‐resistant and fast‐twitch fatigue‐resistant motor neurons that innervate oxidative type I and type IIa muscle fibers. To ablate these neurons, VAChT‐Cre mice were crossbred with NSE‐DTA mice, leading to the expression of diphtheria toxin A after Cre‐mediated excision. The resulting VAChT‐Cre;NSE‐DTA mice exhibited motor deficits, abnormal locomotion, muscular atrophy, and tremor, making them a useful model for studying motor neuron physiology and pathology. In this study, we conducted a kinematic analysis to examine their abnormal locomotor phenotype.MethodsThe quadrupedal walking of VAChT‐Cre;NSE‐DTA and control mice along a 500 mm acrylic tunnel was analyzed using an X‐ray fluoroscopic system. Stride duration, stride length, footfall patterns, and limb and trunk kinematics were quantified and compared between the two groups.ResultsOur results demonstrated that VAChT‐Cre;NSE‐DTA mice walked more slowly than control mice (99.2 ± 43.5 mm/s vs. 120.5 ± 27.0 mm/s) and had a longer cycle duration (0.54 ± 0.19 s vs. 0.41 ± 0.09 s). In addition, the hindlimb was comparatively more flexed during the stance phase, the trunk was more rounded and humpbacked, and the cervix was lower in VAChT‐Cre;NSE‐DTA mice than in the control mice during locomotion.DiscussionThese characteristic differences in the gait kinematics might be attributed to a malfunctioning of the motor units with slow‐twitch fatigue‐resistant and fast‐twitch fatigue‐resistant types in VAChT‐Cre;NSE‐DTA mice. The basic description of the locomotor characteristics of this transgenic mouse line may serve as a basis for future comparative analyses.
Validation of the Histamine‐ and Heat‐Induced Axon‐Reflex Flare Response in a Nonselected Population of People With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tind Pernille , Larsen Anna , Borbjerg Mette Krabsmark , Vecchio Silvia Lo , Frahm Ken Steffen , Ejskjær Niels , Mørch Carsten Dahl , Røikjer Johan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction/AimsDiabetic peripheral neuropathy affects small nerve fibers early, but adequate evaluation has proven difficult. One method for functional assessment of small nerve fiber function is the axon‐reflex flare (ARF) response. This study aimed to 1) validate the histamine‐induced ARF response in a nonselected population with diabetes, 2) compare the response to that induced by local heating, and 3) compare both methods to an established method (quantitative sensory testing) in a nonselected population with diabetes.MethodsThirty‐four participants with type 1 diabetes were included. The participants underwent a neurological examination, quantitative sensory testing, sural nerve conduction, and histamine‐ and heat‐induced ARF response measurements by full‐field laser speckle perfusion imaging after epidermal application of histamine and after local heating by 44° Celsius thermode, respectively. Spearman's correlations were assessed. Logistic regression was used to generate receiver operating characteristic curves using the cold detection threshold of quantitative sensory testing as reference.ResultsThe histamine‐induced ARF had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82, a sensitivity of 67%, and a specificity of 70%. The heat‐induced ARF had an AUC of 0.40, a sensitivity of 36%, and a specificity of 57%. No significant correlation between the histamine‐ and the heat‐induced ARF responses was found.DiscussionThe histamine‐induced ARF response is a valid marker for small fiber neuropathy even in nonselected populations with diabetes with good agreement with established markers and can thus be used for evaluation of C‐fiber function. The lack of correlation with the heat‐induced ARF may be due to insufficient heating.
Adequacy of oral intakes after cardiac surgery within an ERAS pathway: A prospective observational study
Authors: Beaulieu Bianca , Lamarche Yoan , Rousseau‐Saine Nicolas , Ferland Guylaine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe 2019 Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery (ERACS) guidelines presented perioperative recommendations to optimize treatment for patients undergoing cardiac surgery (CS). However, the guidelines have not established postoperative nutrition recommendations. Limited studies have analyzed oral intakes after CS, but to our knowledge, none have done so in an ERACS pathway. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of postoperative oral intakes, including adherence to oral nutrition supplements (ONSs).MethodsThis was an observational prospective study. Postoperative oral intakes were analyzed from postoperative day (POD) 1 to 4, using direct observation of meal plates provided by the hospital. ONSs consumption was evaluated from POD2 to POD4. Adherence to other ERACS recommendations, including nutrition optimization before surgery, was recorded.ResultsForty‐three patients were included in this study. Nutrition optimization before CS was offered to three (7%) patients. Forty‐one (95%) patients resumed oral intakes on POD1. Mean oral calorie and protein intakes from POD2 to POD4 were 1088 ± 437 kcal and 0.8 ± 0.3 g/kg, respectively; however, 17 (41%) patients had calorie and protein intakes ≥70% of their estimated requirements. On POD2, ONSs consumption contributed 35% ± 19% and 38% ± 20% of calorie and protein intake, respectively. There was a significant decrease in ONSs consumption starting on POD3.ConclusionWithin an ERACS pathway and with the contribution of ONSs, 41% of patients achieved sufficient oral intakes within the first 4 days after CS. The optimization of ONSs adherence on postoperative oral intakes should be further studied.
Role of home‐blended tube feedings in pediatric patients with gastrostomy tubes: A retrospective study
Authors: Germán‐Díaz Marta , Peña Eva , Núñez‐Ramos Raquel , Guijarro María Jesús , Arroba Cristina Marín‐Arriscado 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundBoth blended tube feed (BTF) and commercial tube feed (CTF) can be administered through a gastrostomy tube (GT). There is very little evidence about using home BTF (HBTF). Nevertheless, families increasingly request this type of nutrition because they attribute some benefits to it. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using HBTF via GT as an alternative to CTF.MethodsSingle‐center, retrospective, and observational study of patients under 18 years old who underwent GT between 2014 and 2020. We reviewed demographics, anthropometrics, clinical characteristics, and types of diet and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms over 12 months after the placement of the GT.ResultsForty patients (40% boys) were included. The median age at GT placement was 15 months (interquartile range 5–57.5). The most common underlying diagnosis was a neurological disorder (45%). In 75% of patients, Nissen fundoplication was performed. At the 12‐month follow‐up, 18 patients (45%) were receiving 100% HBTF, 14 (35%) were receiving a mixed diet (HBTF + CTF), four (10%) were receiving 100% CTF, and four (10%) were no longer using the GT. Those with a 100% HBTF diet showed a statistically significant higher weight at the 12‐month follow‐up than those who had received any percentage of CTF. No other statistically significant differences in anthropometric indices or GI symptoms were found between the two groups. Only three cases of mechanical complications were reported.ConclusionIn our experience, using HBTF via the GT provides an alternative to CTF in pediatric patients who require enteral nutrition.
Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures for Mohs Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Garg Neha , Mandloi Shreya , Queenan Natalia , Trivedi Jay , McCann Adam , Xu Vivian , Amin Dev , Krein Howard , Heffelfinger Ryan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveMohs micrographic surgery (MMS) and subsequent reconstructive procedures for the treatment of facial nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) significantly impact quality of life (QoL). A validated patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) for patients who undergo Mohs reconstruction is not yet established. This study aims to systematically assess the quality of existing PROMs to determine their effectiveness in capturing the challenges faced after Mohs reconstruction for facial NMSC.Data SourcesA systematic review following established Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines was performed. Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched using keywords relevant to MMS, NMSC, facial reconstruction, QoL, and PROMs.Review MethodsInclusion and exclusion criteria were used to compile eligible PROMs. Methodological quality and psychometric properties of PROMs were evaluated using COnsensus‐based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) criteria.ResultsOf 2997 articles, 78 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 45 studies utilized a PROM as an outcome measure, and 33 reported PROM development or validation. COSMIN assessment demonstrated that the FACE‐Q Skin Cancer Module and Facial Skin Cancer Index have the strongest validation. The Mohs Reconstruction Questionnaire‐12 (MRQ‐12) was the only PROM specific to this population of interest; however, it has not undergone psychometric property assessment.ConclusionVarious PROMs have been utilized to assess QoL for patients undergoing facial reconstructive surgery after MMS. A clinically validated PROM specific to this patient population is required to gain deeper insight into these emotional impacts. Further validation and psychometric testing of the MRQ‐12 may be beneficial.
The Intraoperative Use of a Drain Line for Gas‐Insufflation One‐Step Single‐Port Transaxillary (GOSTA) Robotic Thyroidectomy
Authors: Ku Dohoe , Chang Young Woo , Yu Da Young , Ko Seung Yeon , Lee Hye Yoon , Son Gil Soo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the intraoperative use of a drain line for smoke suction during robotic thyroidectomy using a gas insufflation one‐step single‐port transaxillary (GOSTA) approach and its impact on surgical outcomes.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUniversity tertiary care facility.MethodsA comprehensive retrospective analysis was conducted in patients divided into 2 groups: the Drain group, where a drain line was directly inserted into the surgical space during surgery (n = 53), and the Control group (n = 83). The 2 groups were compared in terms of perioperative surgical outcomes, including operative time, number of endoscope cleaning, and the number of patients with endoscopes that did not require cleaning.ResultsThe operative time was significantly shorter in the Drain group than in the Control group (P = .003). The number of endoscope cleaning procedures was considerably lower in the Drain group (P < .001), indicating a decreased need for endoscope cleaning during surgery. Moreover, a higher number of patients with endoscopes that did not require cleaning were observed in the Drain group (P = .001), suggesting a potential benefit in maintaining endoscope clarity.ConclusionThese results suggest that using smoke suction with a drain line directly inserted into the surgical space in robotic thyroidectomy using the GOSTA approach may offer advantages such as reduced operative time and improved endoscope clarity.
Return‐to‐School Experiences of Adolescents After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant: A Qualitative Interview Study of Transplant Recipients
Authors: Do Olivia A. , Ohlsen Timothy J. D. , Shipman Kelly J. , Ballard Sheri A. , Jenssen Kari M. , Baker K. Scott , Rosenberg Abby R. , Barton Krysta S. , Bhatt Neel S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundReturning to school after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) can improve quality of life and promote positive adjustment. However, this process may be challenging, and there is a limited understanding of school‐aged children and adolescents’ perspectives on this process.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews over video with pediatric recipients of HCT (10–18 years of age at HCT; 1–7 years post HCT) who were treated at our institution and had returned to in‐person school post HCT. We performed a thematic network analysis focused on exploring salient challenges regarding the return‐to‐school process post HCT and potential areas for improvement.ResultsWe interviewed 16 participants (mean age 13.8 years at HCT). Four themes emerged: (i) challenges of returning to school, (ii) keys for a successful return‐to‐school experience, (iii) overall perceptions of the process, and (iv) recommendations for improvement. HCT recipients described several social/emotional, physical, and academic challenges while returning to school and cited strong sources of support as critical to a successful transition. Recommendations for a better transition process included the following: (a) fostering peer support, (b) establishing social connections, (c) providing mental health support, (d) identifying a go‐to point of contact for issues, and (e) maintaining academic support.ConclusionsOur findings highlight perspectives from school‐aged recipients of HCT regarding gaps in support and areas for improvement to facilitate successful return to school after HCT. Additional assistance throughout the process may optimize academic and social reintegration and support recovery after HCT.
Impact of the proportion between virgin and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) on induced microstructure and mechanical stiffness
Authors: Nguyen Thanh‐Tung , Luo Yun‐Mei , Chevalier Luc , Jacquet Benoit 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe extensive use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the food packaging industry, particularly for bottle production, has led to significant visible pollution, negatively impacting the perception of plastic packaging. To address this issue, our study focuses on the potential of recycled PET (rPET) in the blow molding industry. The recycling process affects the mechanical stiffness of PET compared to its virgin form. Digital image correlation (DIC) and biaxial tensile tests are used to identify the mechanical stiffness of bottles produced with different rPET ratios. Additionally, thanks to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, the microstructural changes are investigated. Relations between mechanical properties and the induced microstructures of rPET are examined. The impact of the mass fraction of rPET on the rigidity of the bottles is discussed. The results highlight the potential for integrating rPET into industrial applications.Highlights
The paper studies the relationship between recycling rate of PET and induced properties
DSC and SAXS measures are used to model final PET microstructure
Two‐step homogenization method ensures accurate modulus prediction
Biaxial tensile tests conducted on bottles to evaluate elasticity
Recycled PET MOPET improves rigidity compared to virgin PET
Combined Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Key Regulatory Networks and Potential Hub Genes Controlling Chilling Tolerance During Soybean Germination
Authors: Xie Jianguo , Zheng Yuhong , Li Guang , Zhang Wei , Meng Fanfan , Fan Xuhong , Sun Xingmiao , Zhang Yunfeng , Wang Mingliang , Chen Qingshan , Wang Shuming , Jiang Hongwei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTChilling is an important limiting factor for seed germination of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). To reveal the regulatory mechanism of chilling tolerance during the soybean germination stage, based on previous studies, the chilling tolerance line R48 and chilling sensitive line R89 in chromosome segment substitution lines were selected for physiological index determination and transcriptome sequencing. It was found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging system related enzymes, ROS, and osmotic regulators were significantly different between the two lines. Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment were performed on the differentially expressed genes obtained by transcriptome sequencing. It was found that terms or pathways related to flavonoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and abscisic acid were highly enriched. In addition, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) method was used to analyze the physiological index data and transcriptome sequencing data. Four main coexpression modules significantly related to physiological indicators were obtained, and the hub genes in each module were screened according to eigengene‐based connectivity value. Haplotype analysis of important candidate genes using soybean germplasm resources showed that there were significant differences in germination indexes between different major haplotypes of Glyma.17G163200. Based on the results of enrichment analysis and WGCNA, the regulation model of low temperature tolerance during soybean germination was preliminarily drawn. This study will provide theoretical guidance for analyzing the molecular regulation mechanism of cold tolerance in soybean germination stage.
Plasma‐Treated Liquids for Medicine: A Narrative Review on State and Perspectives
Authors: von Woedtke Thomas , Bekeschus Sander , Weltmann Klaus‐Dieter , Wende Kristian 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPlasma‐treated liquids and their medical application have gained momentum in the fields of plasma science in recent years. Most research has been done in the field of cancer treatment. Another new and promising special field of CAP−liquid interaction is hydrogels, which can serve as localized reservoirs for the delivery of long‐lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and other active ingredients such as chemotherapeutic drugs. Identifying liquids and hydrogel compositions optimal for plasma treatment, for their reservoir function, and from a regulatory point of view for use in medicine, together with the chemical identification of biologically active molecules and interdependencies to plasma operation parameters, are the fundamental challenges in the field.
“We Could Hold Our Own Here at Home”: Longitudinal Experience of COVID‐19 Lockdowns in Parents With Children Affected With Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Gilbert Carlee , Bush Andrew , Bennett Kate M. , Brown Christopher 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe global health emergency of COVID‐19 in early 2020 placed much of the population under quarantine. Interstitial Lung Disease in childhood (chILD) was recommended to be a pediatric clinically extremely vulnerable (CEV) group in April 2020 for shielding due to the unknown health consequences of COVID‐19 in children with chronic respiratory conditions. This qualitative longitudinal research study explores how chILD parents in the UK experienced COVID‐19 lockdown from over two interview time points. Participants (n = 8) were recruited from chILD patient organizations and online communities. Interview one focused on the period between January 2020 to July 2020, gaining personal insight into respondent's experience of lockdowns, which included questions on support systems and media coverage of COVID‐19. The second interview enquired how respondents managed further UK lockdowns between September 2020 and May 2021. The main themes were uncertainty and adaptation. Respondents described how they navigated the UK lockdowns and undertook various risk management strategies for pandemic isolation. Once these were established, routine and positive family bonding was reported, along with a reluctant acceptance of the COVID‐19 virus and continued shielding. As new COVID‐19 information emerged, risk management strategies changed or remained for some respondents, bringing a feeling of living with COVID‐19 as a “new normal”. (Understanding the unique insights people with rare diseases such as chILD face during a global pandemic adds to policy and healthcare literature. Recommendations include further study of caregiver traits and resilience, essential facets of positive pandemic adaptation.
Distribution of Polyphosphate Kinase 2 Genes in Bacteria Underscores a Dynamic Evolutionary History
Authors: Matsumoto Ryusei , Matsuura Tomoaki , Longo Liam M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPolyphosphate kinase 2 (PPK2) enzymes catalyze phosphoryl transfer from polyphosphate to nucleotides and are divided into three classes, each presumed to have different catalytic preferences. With relevance to biotechnology, medicine, and primitive biology, there is significant interest in understanding the evolutionary history of PPK2 enzymes and predicting their functional properties. We reasoned that the distribution and pairing preferences of PPK2 gene classes across the prokaryote tree of life may shed light on these questions. PPK2 was found to be a dynamic gene family, often present in only a subset of species within a clade, even when considering a single genus. Although all possible PPK2 pairs were observed, a ~2‐fold enrichment for Class I enzymes in species with multiple PPK2 genes strongly shapes pairing preferences. PPK2 class preference in the absence of PPK1, which synthesizes rather than utilizes polyphosphate, indicates the potential for functional adaptation and/or promiscuity with respect to reaction directionality for all classes, a feature that has previously been associated only with Class I. Patterns of adjacent PPK2 genes revealed signatures of gene duplication, as adjacent genes overwhelmingly belonged to the same class, as well as the potential for an added layer of PPK2 dynamics: hetero‐oligomerization of single‐domain Class II enzymes to recapitulate the structure of two‐domain Class II enzymes. Finally, an updated PPK2 tree constructed from domains instead of genes calls into question established narratives of PPK2 evolution, putting new limits on the extent to which nucleobase promiscuity can be invoked in the early evolution of this family.