bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RAD54 is essential for RAD51-mediated repair of meiotic DSB in Arabidopsis
Authors: Sanchez-Rebato Miguel Hernandez , Bouatta Alida M. , Gallego Maria E. , White Charles I. , Da Ines Olivier 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn essential component of the homologous recombination machinery in eukaryotes, the RAD54 protein is a member of the SWI2/SNF2 family of helicases with dsDNA-dependent ATPase, DNA translocase, DNA supercoiling and chromatin remodelling activities. It is a motor protein that translocates along dsDNA and performs multiple functions in homologous recombination. In particular, RAD54 is an essential cofactor for regulating RAD51 activity. It stabilizes the RAD51 nucleofilament, remodels nucleosomes, and stimulates homology search and strand invasion activity of RAD51. Accordingly, deletion of RAD54 has dramatic consequences on DNA damage repair in mitotic cells. In contrast, its role in meiotic recombination is less clear.RAD54 is essential for meiotic recombination in Drosophila andC. elegans, but plays minor roles in yeast and mammals. We present here characterization of the roles of RAD54 in meiotic recombination in the model plantArabidopsis thaliana. Absence of RAD54 has no detectable effect on meiotic recombination in otherwise wild-type plants but RAD54 becomes essential for meiotic DSB repair in absence of DMC1. In Arabidopsis,dmc1mutants have an achiasmate meiosis, in which RAD51 repairs meiotic DSBs. Absence of RAD54 indmc1mutants leads to meiotic chromosomal fragmentation. The action of RAD54 in meiotic RAD51 activity is thus downstream of the role of RAD51 in supporting the activity of DMC1. Equivalent analyses show no effect on meiosis of combiningdmc1with the mutants of the RAD51-mediators RAD51B, RAD51D and XRCC2.RAD54 is thus required for repair of meiotic DSBs by RAD51 and the absence of meiotic phenotype inrad54plants is a consequence of RAD51 playing a RAD54-independent supporting role to DMC1 in meiotic recombination.Author SummaryHomologous recombination is a universal pathway which repairs broken DNA molecules through the use of homologous DNA templates. It is both essential for maintenance of genome stability and for the generation of genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. A central step of the homologous recombination process is the search for and invasion of a homologous intact DNA sequence that will be used as template. This key step is catalysed by the RAD51 recombinase in somatic cells and RAD51 and DMC1 in meiotic cells, assisted by a number of associated factors. Among these, the chromatin-remodelling protein RAD54 is a required cofactor for RAD51 in mitotic cells. Understanding of its role during meiotic recombination however remains elusive. We show here that RAD54 is required for repair of meiotic double strand breaks by RAD51 in the plantArabidopsis thaliana, and this function is downstream of the meiotic role of RAD51 in supporting the activity of DMC1. These results provide new insights into the regulation of the central step of homologous recombination in plants and very probably also other multicellular eukaryotes.
Initial sample processing can influence the soil microbial metabarcoding surveys, revealed byLeucocalocybe mongolicafairy ring ecosystem
Authors: Duan Mingzheng , Bau Tolgor 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of soil preservation approaches, especially cryopreservation and high temperature-drying on the sequencing quality of its microbial community and the background microbial diversity information of fairy ring soil fromLeucocalocybe mongolica. Through DNA metabarcoding surveys based on 16S rDNA and ITS barcodes, we observed that the bacterial abundance was notably changed when the soil samples were exposed in room temperature for 4 hours, whereas the fungal composition was not significantly changed. Moreover, the soil samples preserved their major microbial structures even after high temperature-drying for 12 hours, whereas their microbial diversity was influenced. Overall, a total of 9283 and 1871 OTUs were obtained from soil bacteria and fungi, respectively, and we observed that Chthoniobacteraceae and Tricholomataceae were the dominant bacterial and fungal families in the fairy ring soil, respectively. Our study reveals the impact of soil processing methods on the microbial community compositions and contributes to the understanding of fairy ring ecology.
STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAESEROTYPE 22F INFECTION IN RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS INFECTED NEONATAL LAMBS ENHANCES MORBIDITY
Authors: Alnajjar Sarhad , Sitthicharoenchai Panchan , Gallup Jack , Ackermann Mark , Verhoeven David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of viral bronchiolitis resulting in hospitalization and a frequent cause of secondary respiratory bacterial infection, especially byStreptococcus pneumoniae(Spn) in infants. While murine studies have demonstrated enhanced morbidity during a viral/bacterial co-infection, human meta-studies have conflicting results. Moreover, little knowledge about the pathogenesis of emergingSpnserotype 22F, and especially the co-pathologies between RSV andSpnis known. Here, colostrum-deprived neonate lambs were divided into four groups. Two of the groups were nebulized with RSV M37, and the other two groups mock nebulized. At day 3 post-infection, one RSV group (RSV/Spn) and one mock-nebulized group (Spn only) were inoculated withSpnintratracheally. At day 6 post-infection, bacterial/viral loads were assessed along with histopathology and correlated with clinical symptoms. Lambs dually infected with RSV/Spnhad higher RSV titers, but lowerSpn. Additionally, lung lesions were observed to be more intense in the RSV/Spngroup characterized by increased interalveolar wall thickness accompanied by neutrophil and lymphocyte infiltration. Despite lowerSpnin lungs, co-infected lambs had more significant morbidity and histopathology, which correlated with a different cytokine response. Thus, enhanced disease severity during dual infection may be due to lesion development and altered immune responses rather than bacterial counts.
Generation of Rapid Sequences by Motor Cortex
Authors: Zimnik Andrew J. , Churchland Mark M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRapid execution of motor sequences is believed to depend upon the fusing of movement elements into cohesive units that are executed holistically. We sought to determine the contribution of motor cortex activity to this ability. Two monkeys performed highly practiced two-reach sequences, interleaved with matched reaches performed alone or separated by a delay. We partitioned neural population activity into components pertaining to preparation, initiation, and execution. The hypothesis that movement elements fuse makes specific predictions regarding all three forms of activity. We observed none of these predicted effects. Instead, two-reach sequences involved the same set of neural events as individual reaches, but with a remarkable temporal compression: preparation for the second reach occurred as the first was in flight. Thus, at the level of motor cortex, skillfully executing a rapid sequence depends not on fusing elements, but on the ability to perform two computations at the same time.
The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 is essential for Dengue virus infection
Authors: Huerta Vivian , Martin Alejandro M. , Sarría Mónica , Guirola Osmany , Yero Alexis , Ramos Yassel , Pupo Dianne , Martin Dayron , Marcello Alessandro , Chinea Glay 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) causes the most prevalent and rapidly spreading arboviral disease of humans. It enters human cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Numerous cell surface proteins have been proposed as DENV entry factors. Among these, the phosphatidylserine receptor TIM-1 is the only one known to mediate virus internalization. However, several cellular models lacking TIM-1 are permissive to DENV infection, suggesting that other receptors exist. Here we show that the Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) binds DENV virions by interacting with the DIII of the viral envelope glycoprotein. DENV infection is effectively inhibited by the purified receptor at 5×10−8mol/L and the interaction of the envelope protein with LRP1 is also blocked by a natural ligand of LRP1. Depletion of LRP1 causes 100-fold lower production of infectious virus than controls. Our results indicate that LRP1 is another DENV receptor thus, becoming an attractive target to evaluate for the development of effective antiviral drugs against DENV.Author summaryDengue virus (DENV) is a complex of four related viruses, recognized as serotypes, designated as DENV1-4. Any of the four DENV serotypes can cause a self-limited disease of mild flu-like symptoms known as dengue or its life threatening form, severe dengue, with hemorrhagic manifestations, organ impairment and shock. This disease is widely spread in tropical and sub-tropical areas worldwide, where the incidence of severe dengue has been increasing steadily. So far, efforts that target components of the viral replication machinery in order to develop a specific antiviral drug for dengue disease patients have failed. Thus, identifying the cell surface receptors used by DENV to enter host cells would provide a new molecular target to develop inhibitory drugs. Here, we evaluate the Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) as a putative DENV receptor. We present evidence demonstrating that LRP1 binds DENV through the viral envelope protein. We show that the production of infective virus is impaired on cells lacking LRP1, and that purified LRP1 is a potent blocker of DENV infection. These results are consistent with LRP1 playing an important role on DENV entry, making this receptor a molecule of interest on the investigation for medical treatments of dengue/severe dengue disease.
Shifting the focus of sustainability accounting from impacts to risks and dependencies: researching the transformative potential of TCFD reporting
Authors: O'Dwyer Brendan , Unerman Jeffrey 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper problematizes TCFD (Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures) reporting in a way that demonstrates areas where academic research can contribute towards realizing the transformative potential of this unique form of sustainability accounting in its early stages of development.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes a number of research agendas for impactful interdisciplinary research into new forms of corporate reporting of sustainability risks, opportunities and dependencies.FindingsThere are several major challenges that both reporting corporations and investors need to address in realizing the potential of TCFD style risks, opportunities and dependencies reporting. Key among these is developing new practices of climate-related scenario analysis and reporting.Practical implicationsThere is potential for many different academic research studies to provide solid evidence in helping improve the practical impact of TCFD style sustainability reporting. These impacts may assist in moving corporate policies and actions towards zero carbon.Originality/valueThis is the first agenda-setting paper that addresses the need for, and opportunities of, academic research into TCFD reporting and its potential to transform corporate accounting and reporting of sustainability.
The interplay between home and host logics of accountability in multinational corporations (MNCs): the case of the Fundão dam disaster
Authors: Safari Maryam , Bicudo de Castro Vincent , Steccolini Ileana 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe major purpose of this paper is to answer the overarching questions of how multinational corporations (MNCs) address the multiple institutional logics of accountability and pressures of the field in which they operate and how the dominant logic changes and shifts in response to such pressures pre- and post-disaster situation.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth interpretive textual analyses of multiple longitudinal data sets are conducted to study the case of the Fundão dam disaster. The data sources include historical documents, academic articles and public institutional press releases from 2000 to 2016, covering the environment leading to the case study incident and its aftermath.FindingsThe findings reveal how MNCs' plurality of and, at times, conflicting institutional logics shape the organizational behaviors, actions and nonactions of actors pre-, peri- and post-disaster. More specifically, the predominance bureaucracy embedded in the state-corporatist logic of the host country before a disaster allows the strategic subunit of an MNC to continue operating while causing various forms of environmental damage until a globally visible disaster triggers a reversal in the dominant logic toward the embrace of wider, global, emergent social and environmental accountability.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to discussions regarding the need to explore in depth of how MNCs respond to multiple institutional pressures in practice. This study extends the literature concerning disaster accountability, state-corporatism and logic-shifting by exploring how MNCs respond to the plurality of institutional logics and pressures over time and showing how, in some cases, logics not only reinforce but also contrast with each other and how a globally exposed disaster may trigger a shift in the dominant logic governing MNCs' responses.
The limits of environmental accounting disclosure: enforcement of regulations, standards and interpretative strategies
Authors: Senn Juliette , Giordano-Spring Sophie 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe objective of this study is to provide insights into insiders' perspectives on environmental accounting disclosures, which is relatively under-investigated. Based on insights from key managers, we provide information on company decisions and practices related to the data disclosed in annual reports. More specifically, we explore how regulation guidance affects and shapes disclosure strategies.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the normativity framework, our research design involves a multiple-case study focusing on eight French listed firms in sensitive industries. We primarily build our investigation on the analysis of annual reports. Semi-structured interviews with 20 key managers belonging to these same firms provide interpretative explanations of the disclosed (and un-disclosed) figures.FindingsOur main findings show that the disclosure of environmental accounting information (EAI) is still in its infancy. Weak definitions and poor guidance in regulations explain the limitations in disclosure and induce interpretative strategies depending on the type of data to be disclosed in the companies' annual reports. We document that separate logics drive environmental expenditure and environmental liability disclosures in many respects.Practical implicationsThis study should be useful for regulators because environmental accounting standards are currently subject to change and helpful for users because of the careful consideration of disclosures.Originality/valueOur research is timely and adds to the growing body of research on regulation. We document how a common regulation may lead to interpretative strategies by different actors and networks of actors, thereby contributing to shaping EAI norms.
Issues and future directions for Korean childcare policy
Authors: Lee Yoon Hyung , Lee Joo-Yeon 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe paper attempts to closely look into childcare regime in South Korea as well as Korean parents' childcare preference and usage across their young's early years. Through ascertaining Korean family needs in childcare while considering their cultural and social context, directions for future childcare policy development are offered. In so doing, it is hoped to inform Korea and other Asian countries going through similar social and economic changes of ways to build upon childcare policy while taking into account their individual context.Design/methodology/approachA literature review took place using theoretical frameworks of poststructuralism and institutionalized individualization. First, further attention to “problems” on Korean childcare policy is paid while considering the nation's situated cultural and social context. Also, individual families are viewed with autonomy and responsibility in undertaking childcare duties; thus, further individualized childcare service is proposed for the integration of the nation throughout the paper.FindingsIt was found there has been a mismatch between the nation's childcare policy regime and culture. The state exclusively provides defamilialistic childcare service provision, while many Korean families uphold familialism in meeting their childcare demands. In order to meet the sociocultural needs of Korean families, therefore, the enactment of complementary childcare service provision and the establishment of generous parental leave policies were proposed.Originality/valueMany Asian countries work toward resembling egalitarian societies implementing Western policies and values. However, in reality, little change has shown especially in the paradigm of family, family values and family responsibilities in Korea. Therefore, this paper suggests that policymakers should take a careful evaluation of current childcare provisions and strive for gradual improvement rather than radical changes in childcare policy regime.
Cognitive proximity and innovation performance: are collaborators equal?
Authors: O' Connor Mari , Doran Justin , McCarthy Nóirín 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper combines the concepts of search depth and cognitive proximity to investigate the impact of intense collaboration with different external agents on firms' innovation performance. It empirically tests whether firms that draw deeply on cognitively proximate collaborative partners are more innovative than those collaborating intensively with cognitively distant partners. It explores whether the impact of each external agent is equally important in determining the innovation output of firms.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from the Irish Community Innovation Survey 2012–2014, this paper employs a probit model to empirically test the impact of collaboration with cognitively proximate and distant sources of external knowledge to establish whether their impact on innovation performance is uniform.FindingsThe results show that not all collaborators equally impact firm innovation performance. Firms who indicate that knowledge sourced from backward linkages with suppliers is highly important are more likely to engage in both product and process innovation, with the effect more pronounced for the former. The extent of this is greatest for backward linkages compared to forward, horizontal and public linkages. Public linkages have the weakest impact on innovation output which raises questions from a policy perspective given the focus on university–industry collaboration for innovation. The findings indicate that collaboration with cognitively proximate sources of knowledge benefits firms' innovation output.Originality/valueThe study provides empirical evidence on the role of intense collaboration with cognitively proximate and distant external knowledge sources to explore their impact on the subsequent innovation performance of firms. The results can be used to help shape firm-level innovation policy, and indeed national policy, to promote innovation performance.
Brand negativity: a relational perspective on anti-brand community participation
Authors: Dessart Laurence , Veloutsou Cleopatra , Morgan-Thomas Anna 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the phenomena of negative brand relationships and emotions to evidence how such relationships transpose into the willingness to participate in collective actions in anti-brand communities.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey was carried out, targeting Facebook anti-brand communities, dedicated to sharing negativity toward technology products. A total of 300 members of these communities participated in the study.

Findings
The study shows that the two dimensions of negative brand relationship (negative emotional connection and two-way communication) lead to community participation in anti-brand communities, through the mediating role of social approval and oppositional loyalty. Anti-brand community growth is supported by members’ intentions to recommend the group and is the result of their participation.

Research limitations/implications
The study’s focus on technology brands calls for further research on other brand types and categories and the inclusion of other independent variables should be considered to extend understanding of collective negativity in anti-brand communities.

Practical implications
The paper provides insight to brand managers on the ways to manage negativity around their brand online and understand the role that brand communities play in this process.

Originality/value
The paper proposes the first integrative view of brand negativity, encompassing emotions and behaviors of consumers as individuals and as members of a collective, which allows the understanding of the dynamics of anti-branding and highlights the mechanisms that facilitate anti-brand community expansion.
Tapping into the assets of first-generation students during times of transition
Authors: Hands Africa S. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to present research on the assets of first-generation college students and offer asset-based practices that can be implemented to support students during emergency transitions.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews the literature related to first-generation college students and cultural wealth and then details practices for implementation by librarians working to enhance the transition to online learning for this student group.

Findings
The author identified in the literature six assets of first-generation college students: reflexivity, optimism, academic resilience, goal-orientation, civic-mindedness and proactivity. These assets coupled with Yosso’s concept of community cultural wealth provide a frame of reference for examining and implementing services and programs to enhance the educational experience of first-generation college students during emergency transitions.

Originality/value
Whereas existing literature on first-generation college students assumes a deficit lens, this paper puts forth the cultural assets of this population that may be leveraged by librarians. Student assets are positioned alongside forms of capital that also may be utilized to guide the work of librarians.