bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Going digital: Disruption and transformation in software‐intensive embedded systems ecosystems
Authors: Olsson Helena Holmström , Bosch Jan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDigitalization is transforming industry to an extent that we have only seen the beginnings of. Across domains, companies experience rapid changes to their existing practices due to new technologies and new entrants that current businesses. While digitalization brings endless opportunities, it comes with challenges that require companies to strategically engage with partners in their surrounding ecosystems. In this paper, we study how companies in the embedded systems domain experience the process of transitioning from product‐based companies to businesses where software, data, and artificial intelligence (AI) play an increasingly important role. To manage this, these companies need to evolve their existing ecosystems while at the same time create new ecosystems around new technologies. This involves maintaining existing technologies such as mechanics and electronics while at the same time expanding these with software, data, and AI. We provide a strategic decision framework that helps software‐intensive embedded systems companies to successfully navigate the digital transformation. We do this in two steps. First, we present three models that provide the technical content of the strategic decision framework. Second, we provide an overview of the strategic alternatives that incumbents and new entrants have available when existing technologies are commoditizing and new technologies are introduced.
Exploring the Chemistry of Low‐Temperature Ignition by Pressure‐Accelerated Dynamics
Authors: Krep Lukas , Kopp Wassja Alexander , Kröger Leif Christian , Döntgen Malte , Leonhard Kai 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReaction models that accurately describe the complex reaction processes of ignition are key for the development of novel engine‐ and fuel concepts. Since reactive molecular dynamics can be used to discover reaction networks in a largely automated fashion, this method has the potential to drastically reduce the real time effort necessary for the development of reaction models. With standard reactive molecular dynamics, the simulation of low‐temperature reaction processes is hindered by the small accessible time scales of only a few nanoseconds. In this work, we propose the pressure‐accelerated dynamics method to overcome the time scales obstacle through exploitation of Le Chatelier's principle. For the example of pentane low‐temperature ignition, we show that with pressure‐accelerated dynamics, the ReaxFF reactive force field, and the ChemTraYzer not only the known key low‐temperature igniton pathways can be found, but also reactions that are not yet included in reaction models.
Aerodynamic interference effects of a proposed taller high‐rise building on wind pressures on existing tall buildings
Authors: Quan Yong , Chen Jialu , Gu Ming 
Published: January 2020

SummaryWhen a large super high‐rise building taller than the surrounding tall buildings is built in a dense urban area, the aerodynamic interference effects of the surrounding buildings on the proposed building attract much attention, while the interference effects of the taller high‐rise building on the nearby existing buildings are often ignored. Based on a series of wind tunnel tests, the interference effects of a proposed taller high‐rise building, an adjacent equal‐height partner building, and relatively short background buildings on the target building's local wind pressures are analysed in this paper. Two‐dimensional numerical simulation are carried out to further understand the interference mechanism in some cases. The test results show that the influence of a nearby proposed taller high‐rise building may lead to wind‐induced damage on the interfered shorter buildings' envelopes. The envelope structures of other surrounding buildings facing the side of the proposed building need to be given more attention.
Typification and authorship of Drosera intermedia (Droseraceae)
Authors: Fleischmann Andreas , Gonella Paulo M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDrosera intermedia is lectotypified with the herbarium specimen on which the type drawing in the 1798 protologue was based. The collection history of the specimen, the history of the botanical drawing as original material, and the correct nomenclatural author and publication date of the name are presented based on historical notes and literature. Additionally, the global distribution of the species is given, including the first record from Africa.
Sonographic characteristics of post‐molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia at diagnosis and during follow‐up, and relationship with methotrexate resistance
Authors: Epstein E. , Joneborg U. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo describe the sonographic characteristics of post‐molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) at diagnosis and during follow‐up, and to assess their association with methotrexate (MTX) resistance (R) as first‐line chemotherapy.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of all women treated for post‐molar GTN at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, between October 2010 and December 2017, who had undergone expert transvaginal ultrasound assessment ≤ 2 weeks prior to, or ≤ 1 week after, the start of first‐line MTX treatment. Women with a detectable uterine lesion were followed up with repeat scans during treatment, as well as after treatment in cases of persistent lesions. The association between MTX‐R and sonographic findings at inclusion was assessed.ResultsOf 47 eligible women, 36 were included in the analysis after excluding those who had not undergone structured transvaginal ultrasound assessment and those who started treatment at another center. The median age at diagnosis was 33 (interquartile range (IQR), 27–43) years and 35/36 (97%) women were in the FIGO low‐risk group (risk score, 0–6). At inclusion, no uterine lesions were found in eight (22%) women, focal lesions in 24 (67%) women and global lesions in four (11%) women. Median maximum lesion diameter was 40.4 (IQR, 31.3–49.4) mm and 26/28 (93%) lesions had a color score of 3 or 4. Arteriovenous fistulas were found in 9/28 (32%) women and theca lutein cysts in 4/36 (11%) women. Four women with GTN lesion at inclusion underwent hysterectomy prior to the first follow‐up ultrasound scan and a fifth woman with a growing lesion underwent hysterectomy, which revealed persistent viable trophoblastic tissue. All remaining women reached complete remission and median time to human chorionic gonadotropin normalization was 2.7 (IQR, 1.4–3.7) months. During ultrasound follow‐up, 88% (21/24) of lesions resolved completely. Two women with a persisting lesion remained in complete remission. Median time to disappearance of vascularity was 5.8 (IQR, 3.7–9.3) months and median time to resolution of the lesion was 6.8 (IQR, 3.7–9.3) months. MTX‐R developed in 12/31 (39%) women. Uterine tumors ≥ 4 cm (73% vs 17%; P = 0.008) and global lesions (25% vs 0%; P = 0.03) were significantly more common in women with compared to those without MTX‐R.ConclusionUterine lesions were detected at the time of diagnosis in 78% of women with post‐molar GTN. The vast majority of the lesions resolved completely during follow‐up, after a median of 7 months. MTX‐R was more common in uterine tumors of 4 cm, or larger, and in global lesions. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
A toolkit for twisted chiral superfields
Authors: Bizet Nana Cabo , Santos-Silva Roberto 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We calculate the most general terms for arbitrary Lagrangians of twisted chiral superfields in 2D (2,2) supersymmetric theories [1]. The scalar and fermion kinetic terms and interactions are given explicitly. We define a set of twisted superspace coordinates, which allows to obtain Lagrangian terms for generic Kähler potential and generic twisted superpotential; this is done in analogy to the corresponding chiral superfields calculations [2]. As examples we obtain the Lagrangian of a single twisted superfield, i.e. the Abelian-dual of the gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) of a single chiral superfield, and the Lagrangian for the non-Abelian SU(2) dual of the ℂℙ1 GLSM model, for these examples of dual models we discuss the U(1)A and U(1)V R-symmetries. Generic Lagrangians contain both twisted-chiral and chiral superfields, with distinct representations. We write down the kinetic terms for all bosons and fermions as well as their interactions for these generic cases. As twisted superfields play a central role for T-dualities and Mirror Symmetry in GLSMs, we expect the pedagogical exposition of this technique to be useful in those studies.
TVID 2: evaluation of planar-type three-loop self-energy integrals with arbitrary masses
Authors: Bauberger Stefan , Freitas Ayres , Wiegand Daniel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present TVID 2, a program to numerically evaluate an important class of planar three-loop self-energy master integrals with arbitrary masses. As with the predecessor version (TVID 1) the integrals are separated into a known piece, containing the UV divergencies, and a finite piece that is integrated numerically, implemented in C. The set of master integrals under consideration was found with self-energy diagrams containing two closed fermion loops in mind. Two techniques are employed in deriving the expressions for the finite pieces that are then numerically integrated: (a) Sub-loop dispersion relations in the case of topologies containing sub-bubbles, and (b) a modification of the procedure suggested by Ghinculov for integrals with only sub-loop triangles.
Comparison of physical activity among different subsets of patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis and the general population
Authors: Pelle Tim , Claassen Aniek A. O. M. , Meessen Jennifer M. T. A. , Peter Wilfred F. , Vliet Vlieland Thea P. M. , Bevers Karen , van der Palen Job , van den Hoogen Frank H. J. , van den Ende Cornelia H. M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTo compare the amount of physical activity (PA) among patients with different subsets of knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) and the general population. Secondary analyses of data of subjects ≥ 50 years from four studies: a study on the effectiveness of an educational program for OA patients in primary care (n = 110), a RCT on the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary self-management program for patients with generalized OA in secondary care (n = 131), a survey among patients who underwent total joint arthroplasty (TJA) for end-stage OA (n = 510), and a survey among the general population in the Netherlands (n = 3374). The Short QUestionnaire to ASssess Health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH) was used to assess PA in all 4 studies. Differences in PA were analysed by multivariable linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, body mass index and sex. In all groups, at least one-third of total time spent on PA was of at least moderate-intensity. Unadjusted mean duration (hours/week) of at least moderate-intensity PA was 15.3, 12.3, 18.1 and 17.8 for patients in primary, secondary care, post TJA, and the general population, respectively. Adjusted analyses showed that patients post TJA spent 5.6 h [95% CI: 1.5; 9.7] more time on PA of at least moderate-intensity than patients in secondary care. The reported amount of PA of at least moderate-intensity was high in different subsets of OA and the general population. Regarding the amount of PA in patients with different subsets of OA, there was a substantial difference between patients in secondary care and post TJA patients.
Leishmania spp. seropositivity in Austrian soldiers returning from the Kosovo
Authors: Kniha Edwin , Walochnik Julia , Poeppl Wolfgang , Mooseder Gerhard , Obwaller Adelheid G. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryLeishmaniasis is a severe vector-borne disease with two main clinical forms, visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Both forms of leishmaniasis are also endemic in Mediterranean countries including the Balkan region from where mainly visceral leishmaniasis is reported. Austrian soldiers returning from Kosovo were screened for anti-Leishmaniaantibodies to assess the risk of infection during operations. Anti-Leishmaniaantibodies were detected in more than 20% of the soldiers investigated, which indicates a considerable risk of infection during missions in this area and thus suggests the application of protective measures.
Comparison of homogenization methods for daily temperature series against an observation-based benchmark dataset
Authors: Squintu Antonello Angelo , van der Schrier Gerard , Štěpánek Petr , Zahradníček Pavel , Tank Albert Klein 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHomogenization of daily temperature series is a fundamental step for climatological analyses. In the last decades, several methods have been developed, presenting different statistical and procedural approaches. In this study, four homogenization methods (together with two variants) have been tested and compared. This has been performed constructing a benchmark dataset, where segments of homogeneous series are replaced with simultaneous measurements from neighboring homogeneous series. This generates inhomogeneous series (the test set) whose homogeneous version (the benchmark set) is known. Two benchmark datasets are created. The first one is based on series from the Czech Republic and has a high quality, high station density, and a large number of reference series. The second one uses stations from all Europe and presents more challenges, such as missing segments, low station density, and scarcity of reference series. The comparison has been performed with pre-defined metrics which check the statistical distance between the homogenized versions and the benchmark. Almost all homogenization methods perform well on the near-ideal benchmark (maximum relative root mean square error (rRMSE): 1.01), while on the European dataset, the homogenization methods diverge and the rRMSE increases up to 1.87. Analyses of the percentages of non-adjusted inhomogeneous data (up to 39%) and substantial differences in the trends among the homogenized versions helped identifying diverging procedural characteristics of the methods. These results add new elements to the debate about homogenization methods for daily values and motivate the use of realistic and challenging datasets in evaluating their robustness and flexibility.
The concept of the trichotomy of motivating factors in the workplace
Authors: Koziol Leszek , Koziol Michal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe paper presents key issues related to motivation in the workplace and its methodological aspects, giving special attention to an analysis of the classification of motivation factors. It describes the characteristics of major selected factors. The author proposes a new approach to factors based on the concept of the trichotomy of motivation factors in the workplace (work environment and work situations) which extends Herzberg’s two-factor theory. The concept identifies three groups of factors: “motivators” which, when they occur, lead to satisfaction, “hygiene factors” which, when they do not occur, lead to dissatisfaction, and “demotivators” which, when they occur, lead to dissatisfaction. Their vectors of impact are totally different, although they occur simultaneously in the workplace. Therefore, the presented concept constitutes a methodological directive which suggests the extension of the research area by including an analysis of factors which reduce motivation to work.
Suitable methods of measuring acceleration time in the diagnosis of internal carotid artery stenosis
Authors: Iizuka Kentaro , Takekawa Hidehiro , Iwasaki Akio , Igarashi Haruki , Suzuki Keisuke , Kobayashi Saro , Tsukui Daisuke , Hirata Koichi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To enhance the utility of acceleration time (AcT) in the diagnosis of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis, we assessed the value of AcT measurements with different waveform patterns.

Methods
Ninety-three patients with acute atherothrombotic cerebral infarction were enrolled, and they underwent both carotid ultrasonography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). AcT was determined by a conventional procedure (using the first peak point or the bending point) and the peak systolic velocity (PSV) procedure. The AcT ratio was calculated as (AcT of ICA)/(AcT of the ipsilateral common carotid artery). We evaluated the correlation of stenosis rate as assessed by the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial method using DSA (DSA-NASCET) with the AcT of ICA (ICA-AcT), the AcT ratio measured by the conventional procedure (conventional AcT ratio), and the AcT ratio measured by the PSV procedure (PSV AcT ratio). The area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for DSA-NASCET was calculated based on the ICA-AcT and AcT ratio.

Results
Forty-five vessels had 50% or greater ICA stenosis. DSA-NASCET was positively correlated with the conventional AcT ratio (r = 0.723), conventional ICA-AcT (r = 0.638), and PSV AcT ratio (r = 0.245). The corresponding AUCs for ICA stenosis ≥ 50% were 0.971, 0.886, and 0.572, respectively.

Conclusion
We demonstrated the usefulness of the conventional procedure for diagnosing stenosis of ICA origin using AcT and showed that the AcT ratio was a more beneficial parameter than AcT.
Process arrival pattern aware algorithms for acceleration of scatter and gather operations
Authors: Proficz Jerzy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractImbalanced process arrival patterns (PAPs) are ubiquitous in many parallel and distributed systems, especially in HPC ones. The collective operations, e.g. in MPI, are designed for equal process arrival times, and are not optimized for deviations in their appearance. We propose eight new PAP-aware algorithms for the scatter and gather operations. They are binomial or linear tree adaptations introducing additional process ordering and (in some cases) additional activities in a special background thread. The solution was implemented using one of the most popular open source MPI compliant library (OpenMPI), and evaluated in a typical HPC environment using a specially developed benchmark as well as a real application: FFT. The experimental results show a significant advantage of the proposed approach over the default OpenMPI implementation, showing good scalability and high performance with the FFT acceleration for the communication run time: 16.7% and for the total application execution time: 3.3%.
Explaining regional inflation programmes in Indonesia: Does inflation rate converge?
Authors: Purwono Rudi , Yasin Mohammad Zeqi , Mubin M. Khoerul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the inflation convergence of 82 Indonesian cities and discusses the remarkable regional inflation programmes in Indonesia. By employing a dynamic panel regression, the paper shows that Indonesia experienced an inflation convergence from 2013 to 2018. An intriguing finding is that the cities in Java-Bali, the largest density area, experienced a slower speed of convergence than that in cities outside the Java-Bali. This paper alleges that the development of logistic transportation and the formulation of an inflation control programme, such as the Tim Pengendalian Inflasi Daerah (TPID) or Regional Inflation Controlling Team (RICT) that has just been stationed and has commenced their duties in East Indonesia, might play an essential role in the convergence. Moreover, the coordination between the central and regional governments, represented by TPID/RICT, in implementing the effective policy (i.e. prioritising development outside Java-Bali and fostering inter-region cooperation in the commodity supply chain) is effective in stabilising and reducing the inflation rate.
Amphetamine Stimulates Endocytosis of the Norepinephrine and Neuronal Glutamate Transporters in Cultured Locus Coeruleus Neurons
Authors: Underhill Suzanne M. , Colt Mark S. , Amara Susan G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAmphetamines and amphetamine-derivatives elevate neurotransmitter concentrations by competing with endogenous biogenic amines for reuptake. In addition, AMPHs have been shown to activate endocytosis of the dopamine transporter (DAT) which further elevates extracellular dopamine (DA). We previously found that the biochemical cascade leading to this cellular process involves entry of AMPH into the cell through the DAT, stimulation of an intracellular trace amine-associated receptor, TAAR1, and activation of the small GTPase, RhoA. We also showed that the neuronal glutamate transporter, EAAT3, undergoes endocytosis via the same cascade in DA neurons, leading to potentiation of glutamatergic inputs. Since AMPH is a transported inhibitor of both DAT and the norepinephrine transporter (NET), and EAAT3 is also expressed in norepinephrine (NE) neurons, we explored the possibility that this signaling cascade occurs in NE neurons. We found that AMPH can cause endocytosis of NET as well as EAAT3 in NE neurons. NET endocytosis is dependent on TAAR1, RhoA, intracellular calcium and CaMKII activation, similar to DAT. However, EAAT3 endocytosis is similar in all regards except its dependence upon CaMKII activation. RhoA activation is dependent on calcium, but not CaMKII, explaining a divergence in AMPH-mediated endocytosis of DAT and NET from that of EAAT3. These data indicate that AMPHs and other TAAR1 agonists can affect glutamate signaling through internalization of EAAT3 in NE as well as DA neurons.
Aspects Influencing Food Intake and Approaches towards Personalising Nutrition in the Elderly
Authors: Rusu Alexandru , Randriambelonoro Mirana , Perrin Caroline , Valk Carlijn , Álvarez Berta , Schwarze Ann-Kristin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHealthy diets have been demonstrated to complement benefits of physical activity, physical condition and mental wellbeing, all of them being important factors influencing the quality of life of elderly. Unfortunately malnutrition is a serious threat and an increasingly prevalent condition among the fast-growing elderly population. The present work addresses the identification of important factors contributing to decreased appetite and food intake as well as the development of approaches towards a healthy diet and personalised nutrition in elderly. Within the present study semi-structured interviews with elderly and elderly suffering from swallowing and mastication difficulties have been performed, results being used for the development of food provision modules and the corresponding recipes addressing the nutritional requirements of elderly. The social context and the swallowing and mastication difficulties influence the eating behaviour as well as the motivation to eat. On the other hand, it was found that texture modified foods (food which texture is adapted to the need of people with swallowing and mastication problems) could act as motivational aspect. With regard to food personalisation in the elderly the consideration of three different case scenarios based on individual independency and the degree of oral impairment seemed to be appropriate. Different aspects such as gender weight, physical activity level as well as high protein demand are important influential factors in the development of personalised recipes in elderly. In addition to the above, a conversational agent was developed as behaviour change module and can be successfully used as smart personal assistant in helping the users to understand their eating habits and adopt healthier nutrition over the long term.