bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient satisfaction with esthetics, phonetics, and function following implant‐supported fixed restorative treatment in the esthetic zone: A systematic review
Authors: Ramani Rishi S. , Bennani Vincent , Aarts John M. , Choi Joanne Jung Eun , Brunton Paul A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine patient satisfaction with esthetics, phonetics, and function following implant‐supported fixed restorative treatment in the esthetic zone by measuring the Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL).Materials and methodsThis systematic review follows the “Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta‐analysis protocols” (PRISMA‐P) 2015 statement. Studies were searched in the databases Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. The quality of the studies included in the review was scored using the GRADE system. The impact of the findings was analyzed by calculating effect size and standardization of results across different OHRQoL measurements was achieved by calculating the percentage equivalent.ResultsA total of 13 studies were selected to be included in his systematic review after application of the inclusion criteria. A total of six studies recorded pre‐ and post‐treatment OHRQoL results, while the remaining seven studies provided only post‐treatment results.ConclusionsThis review concluded that implant‐supported fixed restorations in the esthetic zone have an overall positive impact on OHRQoL. However, patient satisfaction from this treatment reduced as the number of missing teeth replaced by implants was increased.Clinical significanceWhen implant‐supported fixed restorations are being planned in the esthetic zone, dentists need to consider the patient's perception and the subsequent impact of these restorations on the patient's quality of life. Clinicians can be assured that patient OHRQoL will increase; however, clinicians should also keep in mind the importance of the gingival frame. Furthermore, they should be aware of the challenges when planning cases with larger numbers of implants in the esthetic zone as this could lead to a lowering of a patient QoL.
Fish species in estuaries – from partial association to complete dependency
Authors: Whitfield Alan K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEstuarine dependency by certain fish species has been clearly demonstrated in a number of studies, but the term has also been used for those species and guilds that are not dependent on estuaries. The origins and development of the term are explored, and definitions for four types of estuarine fish association are provided which may be helpful in facilitating classification and comparisons between fish taxa using estuarine systems in different parts of the world. In addition, a diagrammatic representation of more recent estuary‐associated guild categories is presented to provide context and clarity on the estuarine dependency issue, and the fact that a continuum in terms of dependency is perhaps most appropriate for describing fish species relationships with estuaries.Ethical statementThis brief communication is a philosophical discussion and did not involve the capture, use or care of any living or dead fish. Therefore, no permit or animal ethics clearance was required to undertake the literature review.
Weight status and associated comorbidities in children and adults with Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder and intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Ptomey L. T. , Walpitage D. L. , Mohseni M. , Dreyer Gillette M. L. , Davis A. M. , Forseth B. , Dean E. E. , Waitman L. R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about body weight status and the association between body weight and common comorbidities in children and adults with Down syndrome (DS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs).MethodsData were extracted from the University of Kansas Medical Center's Healthcare Enterprise Repository for Ontological Narration clinical integrated data repository. Measures included demographics (sex, age and race), disability diagnosis, comorbid health conditions, height, weight and body mass index percentiles (BMI%ile; <18 years of age) or BMI (≥18 years of age).ResultsFour hundred and sixty‐eight individuals with DS (122 children and 346 adults), 1659 individuals with ASD (1073 children and 585 adults) and 604 individuals with other IDDs (152 children and 452 adults) were identified. A total of 47.0% (DS), 41.9% (ASD) and 33.5% (IDD) of children had overweight/obese (OW/OB), respectively. Children with DS were more likely to have OW/OB compared with children with IDD or ASD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.49, 2.46); OR = 1.43, 95% CI: (1.19, 1.72)], respectively. A total of 81.1% (DS), 62.1% (ASD), and 62.4% (IDD) of adults were OW/OB, respectively. Adults with DS were more likely to have OW/OB compared with those with IDD [OR = 2.56, 95% CI: (2.16, 3.02)]. No significant differences were observed by race. In children with ASD, higher OW/OB was associated with significantly higher (compared with non‐OW/OB) occurrence of sleep apnoea [OR = 2.94, 95% CI: (2.22, 3.89)], hypothyroidism [OR = 3.14, 95% CI: (2.17, 4.25)] and hypertension [OR = 4.11, 95% CI: (3.05, 5.54)]. In adults with DS, OW/OB was significantly associated with higher risk of sleep apnoea and type 2 diabetes [OR = 2.93, 95% CI: (2.10, 4.09); OR = 1.76, 95% CI: (1.11, 2.79) respectively]. Similarly, in adults with ASD and IDD, OW/OB was significantly associated with higher risk of sleep apnoea [OR = 3.39, 95% CI: (2.37, 4.85) and OR = 6.69, 95% CI: (4.43, 10.10)], type 2 diabetes [OR = 2.25, 95 % CI: (1.68, 3.01) and OR = 5.49, 95% CI: (3.96, 7.61)] and hypertension [OR = 3.55, 95% CI: (2.76, 4.57) and 3.97, 95% CI: (3.17, 4.97)].ConclusionFindings suggest higher rates of OW/OB in individuals with DS compared with ASD and IDD. Given the increased risk of comorbidities associated with the increased risk of OW/OB, identification of effective interventions for this special population of individuals is critical.
Differences between rats and mice in the leptin action on the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus: Implications for the regulation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐thyroid axis
Authors: Campos Ana M.P. , Teixeira Pryscila D.S. , Wasinski Frederick , Klein Marianne O. , Bittencourt Jackson C. , Metzger Martin , Donato Jose 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrevious studies indicate that leptin regulates the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐thyroid (HPT) axis via direct and indirect mechanisms. The indirect mechanism involves leptin action in pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC)‐ and agouti‐related peptide (AgRP)‐expressing neurones. These cells innervate the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) where they modulate hypophysiotrophic thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone (TRH)‐producing neurones. The direct mechanism involves the expression of leptin receptor (LepR) in a subpopulation of PVH TRH neurones. However, to our knowledge, the existence of LepR in PVH TRH neurones of mice has not been clearly confirmed. Therefore, we investigated possible species‐specific differences between rats and mice with respect to the mechanisms recruited by leptin to regulate the HPT axis. We observed that an acute leptin injection induced phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3), a marker of leptin‐responsive cells, in 46.2 ± 8.0% of PVH proTRH immunoreactive neurones in rats. By contrast, an insignificant number of proTRH positive neurones in the mouse PVH co‐expressed leptin‐induced pSTAT3 or LepR. Similarly, central leptin injection increased the percentage of PVH proTRH neurones containing cAMP response element‐binding protein phosphorylation in rats, but not in mice. We investigated the innervation of AgRP and POMC axons in the PVH and observed that rats exhibited a denser POMC innervation in the PVH compared to mice, whereas rats and mice showed similar density of AgRP axons in the PVH. In conclusion, rats and mice exhibit important species‐specific differences in the direct and indirect mechanisms used by leptin to regulate the HPT axis.
Synergistic effects of using novel home‐use 660‐ and 850‐nm light‐emitting diode mask in combination with hyaluronic acid ampoule on photoaged Asian skin: A prospective, controlled study
Authors: Kim Dae Sung , Song Ki Uk , Lee Hae Kwang , Park Jong Ho , Kim Beom Joon , Yoo Kwang Ho , Shin Jin Hee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecently, light‐emitting diode (LED) devices are among those mostly preferred for esthetic application because they improve the appearance of photoaged skin characterized by wrinkles, sagginess, pigmented lesions, and others. In addition, the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) for skin rejuvenation is already well proven.AimsThis study aims to evaluate the synergistic effects of using home‐use LED mask device with HA ampoule.MethodsThe total number of recruited subjects was 48:24 in Group A treated with both home‐use LED mask device and HA ampoule and 24 in Group B treated with HA ampoule only, for 4 weeks. To assess the efficacy of the treatment, the following were used: Antera 3D CS, EOS 800D with Image‐Pro Plus, DUB‐USB, VisioFace Quick, and Visioscan VC98.ResultsAfter treatment, the volume measurement (mm3) for prejowl sulci and nasolabial fold flattening as well as the area measurement (pixel) for lower chin firmness improvement was significantly reduced, and the number of pores (ea) for enlarged pores as well as the desquamation index (%) for the amount of corneocytes significantly decreased in both Group A and Group B. Moreover, the percentage of skin density significantly improved. Furthermore, Group A showed a significantly faster and higher rate of improvement than Group B.ConclusionThe use of 660‐ and 850‐nm home‐use LED mask device can generate synergistic effects on home‐use topical applications like HA on photoaged face, and such device can be safely and efficiently used daily in personal environments.
Stock Market Returns and Consumption
Authors: DI MAGGIO MARCO , KERMANI AMIR , MAJLESI KAVEH 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThis paper employs Swedish data on households' stock holdings to investigate how consumption responds to changes in stock market returns. We instrument the actual capital gains and dividend payments with past portfolio weights. Unrealized capital gains lead to a marginal propensity to consume of 23% for the bottom 50% of the wealth distribution and about 3% for the top 30% of the wealth distribution. Household consumption is significantly more responsive to dividend payouts across all parts of the wealth distribution. Our findings are consistent with households treating capital gains and dividends as separate sources of income.
Nocturnal oxygen desaturation in the late third trimester of uncomplicated pregnancy for prediction of late‐onset gestational hypertension
Authors: Watanabe Minako , Shinohara Hitomi , Kodama Hideya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine whether 1‐night screening of oxygen desaturation in women with uncomplicated pregnancy about 1 month before the due date is useful to predict late‐onset gestational hypertension (GH) after 37 weeks of gestation.MethodsWe recruited 102 women with uncomplicated pregnancy between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation. These women then completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Berlin Questionnaire for obstructive sleep apnea, and recorded their oxygen saturation (SpO2) and physical acceleration profiles during nocturnal sleep for 1 night at home using a portable pulse oximeter and actigraph, respectively. Thereafter, their blood pressure was monitored weekly until delivery.ResultsPulse oximetry data between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation revealed that three women had an oxygen desaturation index (ODI) ≥5.0 and seven had a minimum SpO2 < 90%. During follow‐up until delivery, two women with an ODI ≥5.0 and a minimum SaO2 <90% developed GH at 37 weeks of gestation. Among clinical measures at recruitment, body mass index (BMI) and pulse oximetry measures appeared available for the prediction of GH. The positive predictive values (95% confidence intervals) of the criteria using these measures were 0.67 (0.26–0.67) for ODI ≥5.0, 0.29 (0.10–0.35) for minimum SpO2 <90%, and 0.07 (0.02–0.07) for BMI ≥25.0.ConclusionFor the prediction of late‐onset GH after 37 weeks of gestation, pulse oximetry measures about 1 month before the due date are particularly useful because of their high positive predictive values.
Comparison of endometrial polyp recurrence in fertile women after office hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy using two widely spread techniques
Authors: Ceci Oronzo , Franchini Mario , Cardinale Silvia , Cannone Rossella , Giarrè Giovanna , Fascilla Fabiana D. , Bettocchi Stefano , Cicinelli Ettore 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo compare the recurrence of benign endometrial polyps after office hysteroscopic polypectomy performed with a bipolar electrode (BE) or a small diameter hysteroscopic tissue removal system (HTRs).MethodsFrom July 2018 to December 2019 we evaluated the charts of 114 asymptomatic fertile women who underwent office hysteroscopic polypectomy, 1 year before, for a single large benign endometrial polyp (size between 10 and 20 mm) using a 4 mm continuous flow hysteroscope with a BE or a 5 mm HTRs. Patients, divided into two groups according to surgical procedure, each performed exclusively by one expert gynecologist, were scheduled for a 12‐month postoperative transvaginal sonography to evaluate the recurrence of endometrial polyps.ResultsForty‐eight women of the BE group and 42 of the HTRs group were considered for the 1‐year transvaginal sonography follow‐up. Five polyps were identified in the BE group and three in the HTRs group (5/48 vs 3/42, P = n.s.). All polyps were removed hysteroscopically (in three out of five and in two out of three cases, respectively, in the same places of the previous polypectomy) and evaluated as ‘benign’ by the pathologist.ConclusionOffice hysteroscopic endometrial polypectomy with small HTRs compared to BE revealed at a 1‐year follow‐up no difference in terms of complete removal and recurrence of polyps. HTRs polypectomy resulted in less pain and significantly quicker time of procedure compared to BE. This data should be kept in mind for patient comfort any time hysteroscopic polypectomy is planned in an office setting.
The role of clonal haematopoiesis in cardiovascular diseases: epidemiology and experimental studies
Authors: Min K. D. , Kour A. , Sano S. , Walsh K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractClonal haematopoiesis results from acquired mutations in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). These mutations can confer the HSPC with a competitive advantage, leading to their clonal expansion within the limiting bone marrow niche. This process is often insufficient to produce a haematologic malignancy; however, the expanding HSPC clones increasingly give rise to progeny leucocytes whose phenotypes can be altered by the somatic mutations that they harbour. Key findings from multiple human studies have shown that clonal haematopoiesis in the absence of overt haematologic alterations is common amongst the ageing population and associated with mortality and cardiovascular disease. Key findings from experimental studies have provided evidence for a causative role for clonal haematopoiesis in cardiovascular diseases, and aspects of these mechanisms have been elucidated. Whilst our understanding of the impact and biology of clonal haematopoiesis is in its infancy, analyses of some of the most commonly mutated driver genes suggest promising clinical scenarios involving the development of personalized therapies with immunomodulatory drugs that exploit the perturbation caused by the particular mutation. Herein, we review the accumulating epidemiological and experimental evidence, and summarize our current understanding of the importance of clonal haematopoiesis as a new causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure.
Milk Consumption and Waste Across 5 Montana High School Lunch Programs
Authors: Shanks Carmen Byker , Bark Katie , Stenberg Molly , Gamble Janet , Parks Courtney 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDFew studies document milk selection and waste among high school lunch programs.METHODSThis observational research assesses the types of milk selected and wasted among 5 Montana high school lunch programs. Over 6 days across the 2014‐2015 school year, 3842 milk cartons were collected. Direct weighing was used to assess the ounces of milk wasted and consumed by milk type. Outcomes included the number of milks selected by type at each school, ounces of milk consumed and wasted on average per student. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to assess demographics of school lunch participation, milk consumption and waste, and the amount of waste per type of milk.RESULTSStudents were most likely (p < .05) to select fat‐free flavored milk, followed by 1% plain milk, and fat‐free plain milk. Fat‐free flavored (mean = 0.86, SD = 0.55) was the least wasted, followed by fat‐free plain (mean = 1.08 oz, SD = 1.55), and 1% plain (mean = 1.26 oz, SD = 1.02).CONCLUSIONSAcross all milk options, milk waste was low. The findings indicate that high school students are more likely to select and consume greater amounts of, and waste less, fat‐free flavored milk.
Modulation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced, ER stress-mediated apoptosis in Caco-2 cells by different polyphenolic antioxidants: a mechanistic study
Authors: Boonyong Cherdsak , Vardhanabhuti Nontima , Jianmongkol Suree 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species could not prevent ER stress-associated cytotoxicity of indomethacin or diclofenac in Caco-2 cells. This study investigated the effects of three polyphenolic antioxidants epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), phyllanthin and hypophyllathin in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced Caco-2 apoptosis.

Methods
Cells were treated with ER stressors (indomethacin, diclofenac, tunicamycin or thapsigargin) and the polyphenols for up to 72 h. Cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial function were monitored by MTT, Hoechst 33342 and TMRE assays, respectively. Protein expression was measured by Western blot analysis.

Key findings
Epigallocatechin gallate suppressed increases in p-PERK/p-eIF-2α/ATF-4/CHOP and p-IRE-1α/p-JNK1/2 expression levels in the cells treated with any of the ER stressors, leading to inhibition of apoptosis. In contrast, phyllanthin increased apoptosis in the cells subsequently exposed to either diclofenac, tunicamycin or thapsigargin, but not in the indomethacin-treated cells. The potentiation effect of phyllanthin seen with the three ER stressors was related to suppression of survival p-Nrf-2/HO-1 expression, resulting in increased activation of the eIF-2α/ATF-4/CHOP pathway. On the other hand, hypophyllanthin had no significant effect on the ER stressor-induced apoptosis.

Conclusion
Epigallocatechin gallate, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin displayed different effects in the ER stress-mediated apoptosis, depending upon their interaction with the specific unfolded protein response signalling.
Evaluation of urethral orifice cross‐section dimensions following perineal urethrostomy in male cats
Authors: Segal U. , Shani J. , Zemer O. , Joseph R. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesThe aims of this study were: (1) To evaluate the urethral orifice cross‐section size immediately and 12 days post‐operatively following a perineal urethrostomy procedure. (2) To assess the correlation between the cross‐section size and stricture formation during a 6‐month period following the perineal urethrostomy.AnimalsTwenty‐four male cats with feline lower urinary tract disease that failed to respond to medical treatment and underwent perineal urethrostomy.Materials and MethodsThe urethral orifice cross‐section size was estimated by the largest size of the urinary catheter that was possible to insert facilely through the urethrostomy site. The urethral orifice cross‐section size was measured in three different times: Pre‐operative (LUCpr), immediately post‐operative (LUCi) and 12 days post‐operative (LUCp). Urinary obstruction recurrence and urethrostomy site stricture formation were documented for 6 months after the surgical procedure. The probabilities for obstruction recurrence in cases of LUCi ≤ 8Fr and LUCi > 8Fr were calculated.ResultsUrinary obstruction and urethrostomy site stricture occurred in 5 of 24 (~20%) of the operated cats at an average of 92 ± 25 days post‐perineal urethrostomy. LUCi ranged from 6 to 10 (median 10) Fr and the LUCp ranged from 4 to 10 (median 8) Fr. There was a significant decrease of 0.15 ± 0.09 mm2of the urethral orifice cross‐section area 12 days post‐operative compared to the measurements taken immediately post‐operative. The probabilities for post‐operative urinary obstruction of the LUCi ≤ 8Fr cases (intra‐operative urethral orifice cross‐section area equal or larger than 5.5 mm2) and in the LUCi > 8Fr cases were 44 and 6%, respectively. Recurrence of obstruction was documented in all cases (three cats) in which LUCi was 6Fr.Conclusion and Clinical SignificanceThe largest size of the urinary catheter that is possible to insert during surgery is a simple method to evaluate urethrostomy cross‐section size. Contraction of the urethral orifice diameter is expected during the wound healing phase. Post‐operative urinary obstruction is more likely in cases where LUCi < 8Fr.
Preliminary evaluation of two commercial ear solutions in the treatment of canine otitis externa
Authors: Fregeneda‐Grandes J. M. , Nicolás‐González J. J. , Rejas‐López J. , Carvajal‐Urueña A. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesPreliminary evaluation of the efficacy of two commercial ear solutions composed of (1) chlorhexidine‐Tris‐ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or (2) medical grade honey, for the treatment of otitis externa in dogs.Materials and MethodsDogs affected with otitis externa housed in an animal shelter were eligible for inclusion. Treatment was applied daily for 10 days and effect was measured by otitis clinical scores and microbiological counts. One of the treatments was applied to affected left ears, while the other was applied to affected right ears.ResultsA total of 24 ears from 13 dogs were included in the study. During the treatment period, with both treatments it was observed an improvement in clinical scores and a decrease in microbiological counts. At the end of the study 22 of 24 ears were deemed to have mild (4 ears), or no (18 ears) pain, with only two ears still showing pruritus.Clinical SignificanceThe application of ear solutions composed of chlorhexidine‐Tris‐EDTA or medical grade honey, in the absence of antimicrobial treatment, might be effective for the control of clinical signs and microbial colonisation in dogs with otitis externa. Additional randomised studies on clinical patients are required to validate these findings.