bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and performance evaluation of Al2O3, MoS2 and graphite nanoparticle-assisted MQL in turning titanium alloy: an intelligent approach
Authors: Gupta Munish Kumar , Mia Mozammel , Pruncu Catalin Iulian , Khan Aqib Mashood , Rahman M. Azizur , Jamil Muhammad , Sharma Vishal S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecently, the urgency of improved machining performance and environmental sustainability has forced the manufacturer to seek for alternative cooling and lubricating agent/technique such as nano-fluid (NF)-assisted minimum quantity lubrication (MQL). In this context, the performances of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphite (C) NF-impinged MQL in turning of Ti alloy (grade II) using CBN tool were evaluated regarding the cutting force, cutting temperature and surface roughness. The cutting speed, feed rate, approaching angle and cutting conditions (i.e., NFs) were oriented following the Box–Behnken design-of-experiment. The experimental results showed that the graphite NF, compared to Al2O3 and MoS2, revealed the lowest cutting force, temperature and roughness. Moreover, it is evident from SEM images that graphite NF revealed a smoother machined surface and tool profile. This smooth tool and workpiece surface profile can be accredited to graphite’s role as a nano-lubricant and its breaking ability into smaller NFs under pressure. To make the study complete, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was employed to predict, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to mathematically model, and the composite desirability approach (CDA) was used to optimize the responses. A good agreement between the experimental and modeled observations was found; however, the ANFIS outperformed the RSM. Moreover, the analysis of variance exhibited that the cutting force and temperature were primarily influenced by the cutting speed and the surface roughness was afflicted mostly by the feed.
Terroir and Territory on the Colonial Frontier: Making New-Old World Wine in the Holy Land
Authors: Monterescu Daniel , Handel Ariel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEtymologically related, the concepts ofterroirandterritorialitydisplay divergent cultural histories. While one designates the palatable characteristics of place as a branded story of geographic distinction, the other imbues the soil with political meaning. This paper traces the production of eno-locality in a contested space on both sides of the Green Line in Israel/Palestine. The case of the Yatir award-winning winery shows how terroir and territory are blended in the political economy and cultural politics of colonial place-making. Located on a multiscalar frontier—climatic, geopolitical, and viticultural—Yatir Winery positions itself simultaneously within the Mediterranean transnational landscape and in a biblical site of historical authenticity. Enacting strategic regimes of signification to target the increasing demand for high-end wines on both the global and local markets, it makes a claim for place, while appropriating Palestinian land and redefining ancient Jewish heritage. The result articulates a settler colonial landscape whose symbolic and material transformations are reflected in the Israeli search for rooted identity. Analytically, we explore the power of border and frontier wines to reconfigure the differences between New World and Old World paradigms. We conclude by outlining a comparative framework of the charged relations between terroir and territory that articulates the nexus between border typologies and the colonial politics of wine.
A loyalty program based on Waves blockchain and mobile phone interactions
Authors: Dominguez Perez Luis J. , Ibarra Luis , Alejandro García-Fernández , Rumayor Agustín , Lara-Alvarez Carlos 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Loyalty cards programs have been used by retailers to increase customer retention. Loyality cards provide means to identify a particular customer and to collect customer-specific data, thus enabling individualized marketing; however, operating a loyalty program is complicated for retailers since they require to manage balances, collections, and transfers of customers. This is exactly the same problem the retailers were facing before credit cards were readily available. A new problem is that customers now have too many cards, customers may forget, or even deliberately decide to carry only a selection of their cards. This paper proposes a loyalty program based on a blockchain that does not require a physical card for identifying customers as it associates customers to their phone numbers, since nowadays people always carry their phone. In this perspective, companies can reduce overhead costs associated to managing the loyalty program. This paper reviews the technology required and describes the implementation of a loyalty program based on blockchains. Finally, it also enumerates the reasons for choosing the blockchain technology for this application.
Communicable disease among people experiencing homelessness in California
Authors: Liu C. Y. , Chai S. J. , Watt J. P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
California has a large population of people experiencing homelessness (PEH) that is characterised by a high proportion of people who are unsheltered and chronically homeless. PEH are at increased risk of communicable diseases due to multiple, intersecting factors, including increased exposures, comorbid conditions including substance use disorder and mental illness and lack of access to hygiene and healthcare facilities. Data available for several communicable diseases show that PEH in California experiences an increased burden of communicable diseases compared to people not experiencing homelessness. Public health agencies face unique challenges in serving this population. Efforts to reduce homelessness, increase access to health care for PEH, enhance data availability and strengthen partnerships among agencies serving PEH can help reduce the disparity in communicable disease burden faced by PEH.
Non-Spatial Impairments Affect False-Positive Neglect Diagnosis Based on Cancellation Tasks
Authors: Huygelier Hanne , Moore Margaret Jane , Demeyere Nele , Gillebert Céline R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjective:To diagnose egocentric neglect after stroke, the spatial bias of performance on cancellation tasks is typically compared to a single cutoff. This standard procedure relies on the assumption that the measurement error of cancellation performance does not depend on non-spatial impairments affecting the total number of cancelled targets. Here we assessed the impact of this assumption on false-positive diagnoses.Method:We estimated false positives by simulating cancellation data using a binomial model. Performance was summarised by the difference in left and right cancelled targets (R-L) and the Centre of Cancellation (CoC). Diagnosis was based on a fixed cutoff versus cutoffs adjusted for the total number of cancelled targets and on single test performance versus unanimous or proportional agreement across multiple tests. Finally, we compared the simulation findings to empirical cancellation data acquired from 651 stroke patients.Results:Using a fixed cutoff, the rate of false positives depended on the total number of cancelled targets and ranged from 10% to 30% for R-L scores and from 10% to 90% for CoC scores. The rate of false positives increased even further when diagnosis was based on proportional agreement across multiple tests. Adjusted cutoffs and unanimous agreement across multiple tests were effective at controlling false positives. For empirical data, fixed versus adjusted cutoffs differ in estimation of neglect prevalence by 13%, and this difference was largest for patients with non-spatial impairments.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering non-spatial impairments when diagnosing neglect based on cancellation performance.
Permeability of Three‐Dimensional Numerically Grown Geomechanical Discrete Fracture Networks With Evolving Geometry and Mechanical Apertures
Authors: Thomas Robin N. , Paluszny Adriana , Zimmerman Robert W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFracture networks significantly alter the mechanical and hydraulic properties of subsurface rocks. The mechanics of fracture propagation and interaction control network development. However, mechanical processes are not routinely incorporated into discrete fracture network (DFN) models. A finite element, linear elastic fracture mechanics‐based method is applied to the generation of three‐dimensional geomechanical discrete fracture networks (GDFNs). These networks grow quasi‐statically from a set of initial flaws in response to a remote uniaxial tensile stress. Fracture growth is handled using a stress intensity factor‐based approach, where extension is determined by the local variations in the three stress intensity factor modes along fracture tips. Mechanical interaction between fractures modifies growth patterns, resulting in nonuniform and nonplanar growth in dense networks. When fractures are close, stress concentration results in the reactivation of fractures that were initially inactive. Therefore, GDFNs provide realistic representations of subsurface networks that honor the physical process of concurrent fracture growth. Hydraulic properties of the grown networks are quantified by computing their equivalent permeability tensors at each growth step. Compared to two sets of stochastic DFNs, GDFNs with uniform fracture apertures are strongly anisotropic and have relatively higher permeabilities at high fracture intensities. In GDFN models, where fracture apertures are based on mechanical principles, fluid flow becomes strongly channeled along distinct flow paths. Fracture orientations and interactions significantly modify apertures, and in turn, the hydraulic properties of the network. GDFNs provide a new way of understanding subsurface networks, where fracture mechanics is the primary influence on their geometric and hydraulic properties.
Enhanced magnetic modulation of light polarization exploiting hybridization with multipolar dark plasmons in magnetoplasmonic nanocavities
Authors: López-Ortega Alberto , Zapata-Herrera Mario , Maccaferri Nicolò , Pancaldi Matteo , Garcia Mikel , Chuvilin Andrey , Vavassori Paolo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEnhancing magneto-optical effects is crucial for reducing the size of key photonic devices based on the non-reciprocal propagation of light and to enable active nanophotonics. Here, we disclose a currently unexplored approach that exploits hybridization with multipolar dark modes in specially designed magnetoplasmonic nanocavities to achieve a large enhancement of the magneto-optically induced modulation of light polarization. The broken geometrical symmetry of the design enables coupling with free-space light and hybridization of the multipolar dark modes of a plasmonic ring nanoresonator with the dipolar localized plasmon resonance of the ferromagnetic disk placed inside the ring. This hybridization results in a low-radiant multipolar Fano resonance that drives a strongly enhanced magneto-optically induced localized plasmon. The large amplification of the magneto-optical response of the nanocavity is the result of the large magneto-optically induced change in light polarization produced by the strongly enhanced radiant magneto-optical dipole, which is achieved by avoiding the simultaneous enhancement of re-emitted light with incident polarization by the multipolar Fano resonance. The partial compensation of the magneto-optically induced polarization change caused by the large re-emission of light with the original polarization is a critical limitation of the magnetoplasmonic designs explored thus far and that is overcome by the approach proposed here.
Survival and disease characteristics of de novo versus recurrent metastatic breast cancer in a cohort of young patients
Authors:   POSH Steering Group, McKenzie Hayley S. , Maishman Tom , Simmonds Peter , Durcan Lorraine , Eccles Diana , Copson Ellen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
It is not clear how the pathology, presentation and outcome for patients who present with de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) compare with those who later develop distant metastases. DnMBC is uncommon in younger patients. We describe these differences within a cohort of young patients in the United Kingdom.

Methods
Women aged 40 years or younger with a first invasive breast cancer were recruited to the prospective POSH national cohort study. Baseline clinicopathological data were collected, with annual follow-up. Overall survival (OS) and post-distant relapse-free survival (PDRS) were assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves.

Results
In total, 862 patients were diagnosed with metastatic disease. DnMBC prevalence was 2.6% (76/2977). Of those with initially localised disease, 27.1% (786/2901) subsequently developed a distant recurrence. Median follow-up was 11.00 years (95% CI 10.79–11.59). Patients who developed metastatic disease within 12 months had worse OS than dnMBC patients (HR 2.64; 1.84–3.77). For PDRS, dnMBC was better than all groups, including those who relapsed after 5 years. Of dnMBC patients, 1.3% had a gBRCA1, and 11.8% a gBRCA2 mutation.

Conclusions
Young women with dnMBC have better PDRS than those who develop relapsed metastatic breast cancer. A gBRCA2 mutation was overrepresented in dnMBC.
OTULIN protects the liver against cell death, inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer
Authors: Damgaard Rune Busk , Jolin Helen E. , Allison Michael E. D. , Davies Susan E. , Titheradge Hannah L. , McKenzie Andrew N. J. , Komander David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMethionine-1 (M1)-linked polyubiquitin chains conjugated by the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) control NF-κB activation, immune homoeostasis, and prevents tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-induced cell death. The deubiquitinase OTULIN negatively regulates M1-linked polyubiquitin signalling by removing the chains conjugated by LUBAC, and OTULIN deficiency causes OTULIN-related autoinflammatory syndrome (ORAS) in humans. However, the cellular pathways and physiological functions controlled by OTULIN remain poorly understood. Here, we show that OTULIN prevents development of liver disease in mice and humans. In an ORAS patient, OTULIN deficiency caused spontaneous and progressive steatotic liver disease at 10–13 months of age. Similarly, liver-specific deletion of OTULIN in mice leads to neonatally onset steatosis and hepatitis, akin to the ORAS patient. OTULIN deficiency triggers metabolic alterations, apoptosis, and inflammation in the liver. In mice, steatosis progresses to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and pre-malignant tumour formation by 8 weeks of age, and by the age of 7–12 months the phenotype has advanced to malignant hepatocellular carcinoma. Surprisingly, the pathology in OTULIN-deficient livers is independent of TNFR1 signalling. Instead, we find that steatohepatitis in OTULIN-deficient livers is associated with aberrant mTOR activation, and inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin administration significantly reduces the liver pathology. Collectively, our results reveal that OTULIN is critical for maintaining liver homoeostasis and suggest that M1-linked polyubiquitin chains may play a role in regulation of mTOR signalling and metabolism in the liver.
Life, death, and autophagy in cancer: NF-κB turns up everywhere
Authors: Verzella Daniela , Pescatore Alessandra , Capece Daria , Vecchiotti Davide , Ursini Matilde Valeria , Franzoso Guido , Alesse Edoardo , Zazzeroni Francesca 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEscaping programmed cell death is a hallmark of cancer. NF-κB transcription factors are key regulator of cell survival and aberrant NF-κB signaling has been involved in the pathogenesis of most human malignancies. Although NF-κB is best known for its antiapoptotic role, other processes regulating the life/death balance, such as autophagy and necroptosis, seem to network with NF-κB. This review discusses how the reciprocal regulation of NF-κB, autophagy and programmed cell death affect cancer development and progression.
Proteomic and functional analyses in disease models reveal CLN5 protein involvement in mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Doccini Stefano , Morani Federica , Nesti Claudia , Pezzini Francesco , Calza Giulio , Soliymani Rabah , Signore Giovanni , Rocchiccioli Silvia , Kanninen Katja M. , Huuskonen Mikko T. , Baumann Marc H. , Simonati Alessandro , Lalowski Maciej M. , Santorelli Filippo M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCLN5 disease is a rare form of late-infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) caused by mutations in the CLN5 gene that encodes a protein whose primary function and physiological roles remains unresolved. Emerging lines of evidence point to mitochondrial dysfunction in the onset and progression of several forms of NCL, offering new insights into putative biomarkers and shared biological processes. In this work, we employed cellular and murine models of the disease, in an effort to clarify disease pathways associated with CLN5 depletion. A mitochondria-focused quantitative proteomics approach followed by functional validations using cell biology and immunofluorescence assays revealed an impairment of mitochondrial functions in different CLN5 KO cell models and in Cln5−/− cerebral cortex, which well correlated with disease progression. A visible impairment of autophagy machinery coupled with alterations of key parameters of mitophagy activation process functionally linked CLN5 protein to the process of neuronal injury. The functional link between impaired cellular respiration and activation of mitophagy pathways in the human CLN5 disease condition was corroborated by translating organelle-specific proteome findings to CLN5 patients’ fibroblasts. Our study highlights the involvement of CLN5 in activation of mitophagy and mitochondrial homeostasis offering new insights into alternative strategies towards the CLN5 disease treatment.
Crystal structures of REF6 and its complex with DNA reveal diverse recognition mechanisms
Authors: Tian Zizi , Li Xiaorong , Li Min , Wu Wei , Zhang Manfeng , Tang Chenjun , Li Zhihui , Liu Yunlong , Chen Zhenhang , Yang Meiting , Ma Lulu , Caba Cody , Tong Yufeng , Lam Hon-Ming , Dai Shaodong , Chen Zhongzhou 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRelative of Early Flowing 6 (REF6) is a DNA-sequence-specific H3K27me3/2 demethylase that contains four zinc finger (ZnF) domains and targets several thousand genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. The ZnF domains are essential for binding target genes, but the structural basis remains unclear. Here, we determined crystal structures of the ZnF domains and REF6-DNA complex, revealing a unique REF6-family-specific half-cross-braced ZnF (RCZ) domain and two C2H2-type ZnFs. DNA-binding induces a profound conformational change in the hinge region of REF6. Each REF6 recognizes six bases and DNA methylation reduces the binding affinity. Both the acidic region and basic region are important for the self-association of REF6. The REF6 DNA-binding affinity is determined by the sequence-dependent conformations of DNA and also the cooperativity in different target motifs. The conformational plasticity enables REF6 to function as a global transcriptional regulator that directly binds to many diverse genes, revealing the structural basis for the epigenetic modification recognition.
A lipophilic cation protects crops against fungal pathogens by multiple modes of action
Authors: Steinberg Gero , Schuster Martin , Gurr Sarah J. , Schrader Tina A. , Schrader Michael , Wood Mark , Early Andy , Kilaru Sreedhar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe emerging resistance of crop pathogens to fungicides poses a challenge to food security and compels discovery of new antifungal compounds. Here, we show that mono-alkyl lipophilic cations (MALCs) inhibit oxidative phosphorylation by affecting NADH oxidation in the plant pathogens Zymoseptoria tritici, Ustilago maydis and Magnaporthe oryzae. One of these MALCs, consisting of a dimethylsulfonium moiety and a long alkyl chain (C18-SMe2+), also induces production of reactive oxygen species at the level of respiratory complex I, thus triggering fungal apoptosis. In addition, C18-SMe2+ activates innate plant defense. This multiple activity effectively protects cereals against Septoria tritici blotch and rice blast disease. C18-SMe2+ has low toxicity in Daphnia magna, and is not mutagenic or phytotoxic. Thus, MALCs hold potential as effective and non-toxic crop fungicides.
Ab initio electron-two-phonon scattering in GaAs from next-to-leading order perturbation theory
Authors: Lee Nien-En , Zhou Jin-Jian , Chen Hsiao-Yi , Bernardi Marco 
Published: March 2020

AbstractElectron-phonon (e–ph) interactions are usually treated in the lowest order of perturbation theory. Here we derive next-to-leading order e–ph interactions, and compute from first principles the associated electron-two-phonon (2ph) scattering rates. The derivations involve Matsubara sums of two-loop Feynman diagrams, and the numerical calculations are challenging as they involve Brillouin zone integrals over two crystal momenta and depend critically on the intermediate state lifetimes. Using Monte Carlo integration together with a self-consistent update of the intermediate state lifetimes, we compute and converge the 2ph scattering rates, and analyze their energy and temperature dependence. We apply our method to GaAs, a weakly polar semiconductor with dominant optical-mode long-range e–ph interactions. We find that the 2ph scattering rates are as large as nearly half the value of the one-phonon rates, and that including the 2ph processes is necessary to accurately predict the electron mobility in GaAs from first principles.
Defect-implantation for the all-electrical detection of non-collinear spin-textures
Authors: Lima Fernandes Imara , Bouhassoune Mohammed , Lounis Samir 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe viability of past, current and future devices for information technology hinges on their sensitivity to the presence of impurities. The latter can reshape extrinsic Hall effects or the efficiency of magnetoresistance effects, essential for spintronics, and lead to resistivity anomalies, the so-called Kondo effect. Here, we demonstrate that atomic defects enable highly efficient all-electrical detection of spin-swirling textures, in particular magnetic skyrmions, which are promising bit candidates in future spintronics devices. The concomitant impurity-driven alteration of the electronic structure and magnetic non-collinearity gives rise to a new spin-mixing magnetoresistance (XMRdefect). Taking advantage of the impurities-induced amplification of the bare transport signal, which depends on their chemical nature, a defect-enhanced XMR (DXMR) is proposed. Both XMR modes are systematised for 3d and 4d transition metal defects implanted at the vicinity of skyrmions generated in PdFe bilayer deposited on Ir(111). The ineluctability of impurities in devices promotes the implementation of defect-enabled XMR modes in reading architectures with immediate implications in magnetic storage technologies.
Electric current control of spin helicity in an itinerant helimagnet
Authors: Jiang N. , Nii Y. , Arisawa H. , Saitoh E. , Onose Y. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA helimagnet is a chiral magnet in which the direction of the magnetic moment spatially rotates in a plane perpendicular to the propagation vector. The sense of the rotation known as spin helicity is a robust degree of freedom of matter and may provide a new concept of magnetic memory if it can be electrically controlled and detected. Here we show that the helicity can be controlled by magnetic fields and electric currents in an itinerant helimagnet MnP. Second-harmonic resistivity measurements allow us to read out the controlled helicity. In contract to an insulating multiferroic magnet, in which spin rotation was shown to be controllable by an electric field, we achieve helicity manipulation by using an electric current in the conducting helimagnet. The controllability of the spin helicity may pave the way to new method of realizing magnetic memories based on the spin internal degrees of freedom.