bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4-week eicosapentaenoic acid-rich fish oil supplementation partially protects muscular damage following eccentric contractions
Authors: Tsuchiya Yosuke , Ueda Hisashi , Yanagimoto Kenichi , Kato Ayaka , Ochi Eisuke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
We previously showed that the 8-week supplementation of fish oil attenuates muscle damage. However, the effect of a shorter period of fish oil supplementation is unclear. The present study investigates the effect of supplementation of fish oil in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 4 weeks on muscular damage caused by eccentric contractions (ECCs) of the elbow flexors.
Methods
Twenty-two untrained men were recruited in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design study and the subjects were randomly assigned to the EPA and DHA group (EPA, n = 11) and placebo group (PL, n = 11). They consumed either EPA 600 mg and DHA 260 mg per day or placebo supplement for 4 weeks prior to exercise. Subjects performed 60 ECCs at 100% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) using a dumbbell. Changes in MVC torque, range of motion (ROM), upper arm circumference, muscle soreness, echo intensity, muscle thickness, serum creatine kinase (CK), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assessed before exercise; immediately after exercise; and 1, 2, 3, and 5 days after exercise.
Results
ROM was significantly higher in the EPA group than in the PL group immediately after performing ECCs (p < 0.05). No differences between groups were observed in terms of MVC torque, upper arm circumference, muscle soreness, echo intensity, and thickness. A significant difference was observed in serum CK 3 days after ECCs (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
We concluded that shorter period EPA and DHA supplementation benefits joint flexibility and protection of muscle fiber following ECCs.
Selective Bacterial Community Enrichment Between the Pitcher Plants Sarracenia Minor and Sarracenia Flava
Authors: Stasulli Nikolas M. , Yourstone Scott M. , Weinstein Ilon , Ademski Elizabeth , Shank Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe interconnected and overlapping habitats present in natural ecosystems remain a challenge in determining the forces driving microbial community composition. The cup-like leaf structures of some carnivorous plants, including the family Sarraceniaceae, are self-contained ecological habitats that represent systems for exploring such microbial ecology questions. We investigated whether Sarracenia minor and Sarracenia flava, when sampled at the same geographic location and time, cultivate unique microbiota; an indication of biotic selection of microbes due to eliminating many of the environmental variable present in other studies comparing samples harvested over several time points. ResultsDNA was extracted from the decomposing detritus trapped in the base of each Sarracenia leaf pitcher. We profiled a portion of the 16S rRNA gene across the bacterial community members present in this detritus using Illumina MiSeq technology. We identified a surprising amount of diversity within each pitcher, but also discovered that the two Sarracenia species each contained distinct, enriched microbial community members. This suggests a non-random establishment of microbial communities within these two Sarracenia species.ConclusionsOverall, our results indicate that microbial selection is occurring within the pitchers of these two closely related plant species, which is not due to factors such as geographic location, weather, or prey availability. This suggests that specific features of S. minor and S. flava may play a role in fostering specific insect-decomposing microbiomes. These naturally occurring microbial ecosystems can be developed to answer important questions about microbial community succession, disruption, and member contributions to the community. This study will help further establish carnivorous pitcher plants as a model system for studying confined, naturally occurring bacterial communities.
Trophic States Regulate Assembly Processes and Network Structures of Picophytoplankton Communities in Subtropical Coastal Ecosystems
Authors: Chen Xing , Zhao Huaxian , Jiang Gonglingxia , Tang Jinli , Xu Qiangsheng , Chen Si , Li Xiaoli , Zou Shuqi , Dong Ke , Hou Weiguo , Pan Lianghao , Li Nan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Long-term coastal eutrophication especially in semi-enclosed marine areas is driven by increased amounts of nutrients derived from anthropogenic activities. Given that accelerating nutrients may constitute a strong environmental filter, understanding the diversity, assembly process and co-occurrence pattern of picophytoplankton communities in response to increasing coastal eutrophication is clearly of great importance. Results: We investigated picophytoplankton community changes using rbcL gene amplicon sequencing. The results exhibited that the alpha diversity (ANOVA, p < 0.001) and beta diversity (ANOSIM, p < 0.001) were significantly different among eutrophic states. Further, phylogenetic based β-nearest taxon distance analyses revealed that stochastic processes mainly provided 69.26% contribution to picophytoplankton community assembly, whereas deterministic processes dominated community assembly in a heavy eutrophic state. Integrated co-occurrence networks modularly responded to eutrophic states and revealed that keystone taxa mainly belonged to the oligo eutrophic group, which may play fundamental roles in network persistence. Importantly, increased environmental disturbances, such as nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, could alter picophytoplankton community structure and disrupt ecological processes. Conclusion: Stochastic and deterministic processes simultaneously influenced the assembly of picophytoplankton communities in the subtropical coastal ecosystems. Eutrophic disturbances alert the assembly processes and network structures of picophytoplankton community. Our findings promote the understanding of fundamental ecological processes along eutrophic gradients in subtropical coastal ecosystems.
Social Listening – Revealing Parkinson’s Disease over Day and Night
Authors: Zhang Hui , Meng Fanwen , Li Xingyu , Ning Yali , Cai Meng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Nocturnal symptoms in Parkinson’s disease and their related burdens on patients are often treated after management of daytime manifestations. In order to better understand the unmet needs of nocturnal symptoms management, we sought to analyze the characteristics of nocturnal symptoms and the burden of nocturnal-occurring motor and non-motor symptoms from patients’ perspectives.Methods: We used a contemporary Social Listening big-data technique to analyze large amounts of Parkinson’s disease symptoms in patient-doctor and patient-patient dialogues available from social media platforms in China. Frequency of nocturnal symptoms as a proportion of total dialogues per year and their relative negative sentiment were analyzed. As a contrast, overall symptoms (occurring at day or night) were also analyzed. Results: We found that share of voice for overall motor symptoms did not increase from 2016 to 2018 (79%, p = 0.5), but share of voice for non-motor symptoms was 69% in 2018, growing by 7% (p < 0.01), and motor complications was 9%, growing by 6% (p < 0.01), respectively. For nocturnal symptoms, 45% of the analyzed PD population reported nocturnal symptoms in 2018, growing by 6% from 2016 (p < 0.01). Share of voice for nocturnal-occurring motor symptoms was higher than non-motor symptoms. Non-motor symptoms evoked higher negative sentiment no matter whether they occurred during the day or night. For symptoms that can occur at either day or night, each nocturnal symptom was rated with a higher negative sentiment score than the same symptom during the day, regardless of the type of symptom (motor, non-motor, or motor complication).Conclusions: The growing share of voice and the greater negative sentiment of nocturnal symptoms from patients’ perspectives suggest that management of nocturnal symptoms is an unmet need of patients with Parkinson’s disease. A greater emphasis on detecting nocturnal symptoms and treating them with 24-hour care is encouraged.
Efficacy and Outcomes of Lianhuaqingwen Capsule for Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: liu zhiyong , Du Yongsheng , Liu Jiankun , Wei Xiaolong , Zheng Feiyang , LI Raomei , Zhang Shurong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has outbroken in Wuhan, China, in December, 2019, and became a global pandemic.No effective antiviral agents were approved for COVID-19. In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of Lianhuaqingwen (LH) capsulein patients with COVID-19.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, we included 147 hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)infection between February 4th and April 15th, 2020, in Wuhan Huoshen shan hospital. Patients were grouped as usual treatment alone or combination with LH capsules. Propensity score matching analysis were performed between two groups. Primary outcomes were mortality and duration of hospitalization time. Secondary outcomes included the recovery rate of chest radiological manifestations and abnormal laboratory examinations.Results: In two groups, 40 pairs patients were matched for analysis. The baseline information and clinical characteristics were comparable. 73 (91.25%) of all 80 patients were older than 50 years old. All patients in LH treatment group and 38 (95%) in usual treatment group were surviving respectively (P = 0.494). The hospitalization time of patients in LH treatment group was significantly shorter than usual treatment group (17.85±6.612vs.20.72±5.01 days, P = 0.032). After treatment, the rate of lung lesions detected by chest computerized tomography (CT) was lower in LH treatment group (30% vs. 55.0%, P = 0.024).Conclusion: LH capsules were associated with the improved clinical effects, and might be recommended in the treatment practices of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, further evaluation of LH capsules in large population randomized controlled trial is needed.
Diagnostic performance of distinct metabolic features in the plasma of patients with silicosis
Authors: Xue Changjiang , Wu Na , Fan Yali , Ma Jing , Ye Qiao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Silicosis is a progressive pneumoconiosis characterized by interstitial fibrosis following exposure to silica dust. This study aimed to identify potential noninvasive metabolic biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of this condition by pilot and validation analyses of patients with silicosis in metabolomics studies.Methods Patients with silicosis, dust-exposed workers (DEWs) without silicosis and age-matched healthy controls were recruited in a case-control study. Plasma samples were collected, and metabolomics analyses by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) were conducted. Distinct metabolic features (DMFs) among the groups were identified in the pilot study and were validated in the validation study. The enriched signalling pathways of these DMFs were determined. The ability of DMFs to discriminate among the groups in the validation study was analysed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The correlations between DMFs and clinical features were also explored.Results Twenty-nine DMFs and 9 DMFs were detected in the plasma of the DEW and silicosis groups, respectively, compared with the control group; these features showed the same trend in the pilot study and the validation study. Sphingolipid metabolism was the major metabolic pathway in the DEWs, and arginine and proline metabolism was associated with silicosis. Twenty DMFs in the DEWs and 3 DMFs in the patients with silicosis showed a discriminatory ability with ROC curve analysis. The abundance of kynurenine was higher in Stage III silicosis than in Stage I or Stage II silicosis. L-arginine and kynurenine were both negatively correlated with the percentage of forced vital capacity predicted in silicosis.Conclusions Distinct metabolic features of plasma samples related to sphingolipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism were identified in the DEW and silicosis groups, respectively. L-arginine and kynurenine may have a predictive role in the diagnosis and severity of silicosis.
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Antimony Resistant and Susceptible Leishmania Infantum Lines
Authors: Andrade Juvana Moreira , Gonçalves Leilane Oliveira , Liarte Daniel Barbosa , Lima Davi Alvarenga , Guimarães Frederico Gonçalves , Resende Daniela , Santi Ana Maria Murta , de Oliveira Luciana Marcia , Velloso João Paulo Linhares , Delfino Renato Guimarães , Pescher Pascale , Späth Gerald F. , Ruiz Jeronimo Conceição , Murta Silvane Maria Fonseca 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: One of the major challenges for leishmaniasis treatment is the emergence of parasites resistant to antimony. In order to study differentially expressed genes associated with drug resistance we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis between wild-type and potassium antimonyl tartrate (SbIII)-resistant Leishmania infantum lines using high-throughput RNA sequencing.Methods: All the cDNA libraries were constructed from promastigote forms of each line, sequenced and analyzed using STAR for mapping the reads against the reference genome (L. infantum JPCM5) and DESeq2 for differential expression statistical analyses. All the genes were functionally annotated using sequence similarity search.Results: The analytical pipeline considering an adjusted p-value lower than 0.05 and fold change greater than 2.0 identified 933 transcripts differentially expressed (DE) between wild-type and SbIII-resistant L. infantum lines. Out of 933 DE transcripts, 504 presented functional annotation and 429 were assigned as hypothetical proteins. A total of 837 transcripts were upregulated and 96 were downregulated in the SbIII-resistant L. infantum line. Using this DE dataset, the proteins were further grouped in functional classes according to Gene Ontology database. The functional enrichment analysis for biological process showed that the upregulated transcripts in the SbIII-resistant line are associated with protein phosphorylation, microtubule-based movement, ubiquitination, host-parasite interaction, cellular process and other categories. The downregulated transcripts in the SbIII-resistant line are assigned in the GO categories: ribonucleoprotein complex, ribosome biogenesis, rRNA processing, nucleosome assembly and translation.Conclusions: The transcriptomic profile of L. infantum showed a robust set of genes from different metabolic pathways associated with antimony resistance phenotype in this parasite. Our results address the complex and multifactorial antimony resistance mechanism of Leishmania, identifying several potential genes for resistance markers and drug targets against leishmaniasis.
The CYP19A1 (TTTA)n Repeat Polymorphism, but not Arg264Cys Polymorphism, May Affect the Risk of Prostate Cancer: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guo Lei , Liu Yanan , Liu Lijun , Shao Shixiu , Cao Yanwei , Guo Jiaming , Haitao Niu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Abnormal aromatase (CYP19A1) expression has been proposed to take part in the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). However, results of studies on the CYP19A1 gene polymorphisms and PCa are conflicting.This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the association between the CYP19A1 Arg264Cys polymorphism and (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism and PCa.Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, EmBase, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library) were comprehensively searched to identify eligible studies. The strength of association between the CYP19A1 Arg264Cys polymorphism and PCa was assessed by pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in allelic, dominant, recessive, homozygous, and heterozygous genetic models. To analyze the impact of the (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism, we took sequentially the N-repeat allele (where N equals 7,8,10,11,12, and 13) as the minor allele and the sum of all the other alleles as the major allele. The ORs and 95%CIs were calculated in the allelic model; this analysis was performed individually for each repeat number. Results: Pooled estimates of nine eligible studies addressing the Arg264Cys polymorphism indicated that this polymorphism was not associated with the risk of PCa in the overall population and in the Caucasian and Asian subgroups. A meta-analysis of seven studies addressing the (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism revealed that the 8-repeat allele increased PCa risk in the overall population (OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.14–1.58, P=0.001) and in the subgroup with population-based (PB) controls (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.13–1.74, P=0.002). Although the 7-repeat allele appeared not to affect PCa risk in the overall population, it protected against PCa in the subgroup with PB controls (OR=0.81, 95% CI=0.67–0.98, P=0.03).Conclusions: The meta-analysis indicated that the CYP19A1 (TTTA)n repeat polymorphism, but not Arg264Cys polymorphism may affect PCa risk.
Phosphorylation of Pit-1 by Cyclin-dependent Kinase 5 at Serine 126 is Associated With Cell Proliferation and Poor Prognosis in Prolactinomas
Authors: Xie Weiyan , Fang Qiuyue , Guo Jing , Gong Lei , Li Chuzhong , Zhang Yazhuo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background：Pit-1 is a POU-homeodomain transcription factor, Cyclin-dependent kinase（CDK5）is a protein kinase that can phosphorylate many key transcription factors, but the mechanism of CDK5 phosphorylates Pit-1 is unclear.Methods: We generated an antibody that specifically recognizes phosphorylated serine at position 126 of Pit-1 (Ser126-Pit-1); we used western blotting to detect the level of Pit-1 phosphorylation and observed the proliferation and apoptosis of GH3 cells with different levels of Pit-1 phosphorylation by clone formation experiments, cell viability assays, and flow cytometry. ELISA was used to measure the level of PRL in the supernatant of GH3 cells. Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of phosphorylation level of Ser126-Pit-1 (pSer126-Pit-1) in prolactinomas. Results Our data indicated that Ser126-Pit-1 is specifically phosphorylated by CDK5. pSer-126-Pit-1 can promote cell proliferation and PRL secretion. In addition, a higher level of pSer-126-Pit-1 correlates with a worse prognosis in patients with prolactinoma. Conclusions CDK5-mediated Ser126-Pit-1 phosphorylation regulates prolactinoma progression and PRL secretion.
MAÏA® Topical Repellent Ointment Provides Long-Lasting Protection Against Anopheles Gambiae s.s., Anopheles Arabiensis and Aedes Aegypti Under Semi-Field Conditions in Tanzania
Authors: Mbuba Emmanuel , Odufuwa Olukayode , Tenywa Frank , Philipo Rose , Tambwe Mgeni , Swai Johnson Kyeba , Moore Jason , Moore Sarah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) topical mosquito repellents are effective personal protection tools. However, DEET repellents tend to have low consumer acceptability because they are cosmetically unappealing. More attractive formulations are needed to encourage regular compliance. This study evaluated the protective efficacy and duration of protection of a new topical repellent ointment, MAÏA® compared to 20% DEET in ethanol using malaria and dengue mosquito vectors in Tanzania.Methods: Fully balanced 3x3 Latin square design studies were conducted in large semi-field chambers using laboratory strains of Anopheles gambiae s.s, Anopheles arabiensis and Aedes aegypti. Human volunteers applied either MAÏA® ointment, 20% DEET or ethanol to their lower limbs six hours before the start of tests. Approximately 100 mosquitoes per strain per replicate were released inside each chamber, with 25 mosquitoes released at regular intervals during the collection period to maintain adequate biting pressure throughout the test. Volunteers recaptured mosquitoes landing on their lower limbs for six hours over a period of six to 12-hours post-application of repellents. Data analysis was conducted using mixed-effects logistic regression.Results: The protective efficacy of MAÏA® and 20% DEET was not different for each of the mosquito strains: 95.9% vs 97.4% against An. gambiae (OR=1.53 [95% CI: 0.93–2.51] p=0.091); 96.8% vs 97.2% against An. arabiensis (OR =1.08 [95% CI: 0.66 –1.77] P=0.757); 93.1% vs 94.6% against Ae. aegypti (OR=0.76 [95% CI: 0.20-2.80] p=0.675). Average complete protection time (CPT) of MAÏA® and that of DEET was similar for each of the mosquito strains: 571.6 minutes (95% CI: 558.3-584.8) vs 575.0 minutes (95% CI: 562.1-587.9) against An. gambiae; 585.6 minutes (95% CI: 571.4-599.8) vs 580.9 minutes (95% CI: 571.1-590.7) against An. arabiensis; 444.1 minutes (95% CI: 401.8-486.5) vs 436.9 minutes (95% CI: 405.2-468.5) against Ae. aegypti.Conclusions: MAÏA® repellent ointment provides complete protection for 9 hours against both An. gambiae and An. arabiensis, and 7 hours against Ae. aegypti similar to 20% DEET (in ethanol). MAÏA® repellent ointment can be recommended as a tool for prevention of outdoor biting mosquitoes in tropical locations with a suggested reapplication time of 6 hours.
Observations on the Biology and Structure of Three Dry Tropical Forests in South India
Authors: Remadevi O.K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Tropical dry deciduous forests are found in variable climates characterized by low rainfall where woody plants possess several functional traits that permit them to endure severe water stress for several months of the year. We present an assessment of species-rich Dry Tropical Forests of the South Indian Deccan Plateau based on three large, tree-mapped field plots located in close vicinity to each other. The study includes a descriptive section (details of 130 woody plant species) and a modeling section. The modeling section presents specific species-area relations, species abundance distributions and relationships between biological attributes and individual-based structural attributes. The Monod equation is found most suitable for modeling the species-area relations confirming previous studies. The shape of the species abundance distribution follows the Weibull model which represents an alternative to the traditional lognormal model; the Weibull parameters are related linearly to species richness which is a new finding.