bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Rain Classroom Teaching and Traditional Teaching Methods in Teaching Undergraduate Nursing Students of Stomatology
Authors: Wang YuJing , Liu JingBo , Yuan LuLu , Gao YuQin , Li Chen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Rain classroom teaching (RCT) is now used as a teaching method to increase interaction between teachers and students. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of rain classroom teaching and traditional teaching on self-directed learning ability(SDLA) of nursing undergraduates.Methods: This was a randomized controlled study. The research enrolled two classes of junior nursing undergraduates, they were randomly divided into two groups. The content and time of Stomatology courses were the same. The control group (n=32) adopted traditional teaching method and the experimental group (n=31) used RCT method. SDLA, satisfaction and teaching quality were evaluated by questionnaire. A final examination was used to estimate the quality of learning.Results: The complete data displayed that rain classroom group had more excellent results than the traditional group. The rain classroom group had higher SDLA, satisfaction, teaching measure, teaching effectiveness and final examination scores. Conclusion: Rain classroom teaching method is more effective than traditional teaching method in promoting SDLA and teaching quality for undergraduate nursing students in stomatology.
Insights into the Prediction of Condensate Viscosity Near the Wellbore by ELM and ANFIS-PSO Strategies
Authors: Naseri Maryam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
By lowering the pressure beneath the dew point as the result of production in gas condensate (GC) reservoirs, liquid droplets are formed in the borehole zone. Accurate prediction of production and optimization in these reservoirs requires specific properties such as liquid viscosity. Empirical models have already developed to predict this parameter. Due to the peculiar behavior of fluids beneath the dew point pressure (DPP), the prediction of liquid viscosity associates with an error. With the development of machine learning (ML) approaches, studies on fluid properties like other sciences have entered in a new phase. In this study, extreme learning machine (ELM) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system with particle swarm optimization (ANFIS-PSO) methods applied to this end. Therefore, a big data bank including reservoir and fluid properties including reservoir temperature and pressure, specific gravity (SG) of gas, API gravity, and gas to oil ratio (Rs) were used. The results showed that R-squared and RMSE for ANFIS-PSO are 0.755 and 0.15, respectively, while these values are 0.889 and 0.06 for ELM which shows that the last model has a better performance in estimating output values. Also, the range of reliable data is determined, and further, a sensitivity analysis was done, which showed that the greatest impact on the viscosity was from SG and API gravity has the least effect on it. This model can be used as a reference for calculating condensate viscosity and also by expanding the range of datasets, it can be applied in the commercial software.
Analysis of risk factors for early mortality and multiorgan failure after pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis
Authors: Huang Jing-bin , Wen Zhao-ke , Lu Wei-jun , Lu Chang-chao , Tang Xian-ming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background:. The operative mortality of pericardiectomy is still high. This prospective study was to determine the risk factors for early mortality and multiorgan failure.Methods: We prospectively observe patients undergoing pericardiectomy from January 2009 to June 2020 at our hospital. Radical pericardiectomy was performed via sternotomy. Histopathologic studies of pericardum tissue from every patient was done. All survivors were monitored to the end date of the study.Results: 92 consecutive underdoing pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis were included in the study. Postoperatively ,CVP decreased significantly, and LVED and LVEF improved significantly. The overall mortality rate was 5.4%. The common postoperative complications inclued acute renal injury（27.2%）, low cardiac output syndrome (10.9% ), and multiorgan failure (8.7%). Analysis of risk factor showed that D2 (fluid balance of the second day following operation) was associated with decreased early mortality and decreased multiorgan failure. In this series from Guagxi, China, characteristic histopathologic features of tuberculosis（60/92,65.2%） of pericardium were the most common histopathologic findings, and 32 patients (32/92,34.8%) had the histopathologic findings of chronic nonspecific inflammatory changes. The functional status of the patients improved after pericardiectomy, 6 months postoperatively 85 survivors were in class I (85/87, 97.7%) and 2 in class II (2/87, 2.3%) .Conclusions: Our results show that pericardiectomy is an effective procedure in the treatment of constrictive pericarditis Early surgical intervention is advocated. Improvement of surgical technique and intraoperative and perioperative management can decrease mortality and morbidity.
Activation of Toll-like receptor 2 via specific agonists promotes OXPHOS and glycolysis in gastric cancer cells rather than other Toll-like receptors
Authors: li yuzhe , ji chengbo , liu youdong , gu qisheng , Jenkins Brendan , li jikun , yu liang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 activation via microbial and host stimuli plays important roles in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming in immune cells. We recently showed that ligand-induced TLR2 activation enhanced OXPHOS and glycolytic activity of gastric epithelial (cancer) cells, thus promoting tumour progression.
Objective

To investigate the full spectrum of TLR family members whose ligand-dependent activation can cause metabolic reprogramming in gastric cancer (GC) cells.
Methods

The expression of TLR family members was measured by RT-qPCR and Western blotting in a panel of human GC cells. Metabolic changes in human GC cells which were induced by agonists for different TLRs (TLR2, 4, 9) were identified by performing the Seahorse bioenergetic assay, as well as by measuring L-lactate and ROS production. The expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis was also profiled in stimulated GC cells by RT-qPCR. Western blot further characterized the expression of SOD2, a key downstream target of TLR2 signaling in GC.
Results

TLR2 signaling activated by either synthetic molecules or whole pathogen antigen enhanced glycolytic activity and mitochondrial respiration in TLR2-high expressing cells, whereas ligand-induced TLR4 and TLR9 activation inhibited mitochondrial respiration or extracellular acidification rate. Furthermore, genes implicated in the regulation of glucose metabolism and the redox system, such as HIF1A, PFKFB3 and SOD2, were upregulated downstream of TLRs.
Conclusion

Our study reveals that ligand-induced activation of specific TLRs mediates diverse metabolic phenotype in human GC cells. TLR2 is the only family member that promotes both OXPHOS and glycolysis, which may result in tumor progression.
Influence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials on micrococcal nuclease and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Sjollema Jelmer , Mei Henny van der , Rosman Colin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A major contributor to biomaterial associated infection (BAI) is Staphylococcus aureus. This pathogen produces a protective biofilm, making eradication difficult. Biofilms are composed of bacteria encapsulated in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) comprising polysaccharides, proteins and extracellular DNA (eDNA). S. aureus also produces micrococcal nuclease (MN), an endonuclease which contributes to biofilm composition and dispersion, mainly expressed by nuc1. MN expression can be modulated by sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials. We investigated the relation between the biofilm and MN expression and the impact of the application of antimicrobial pressure on this relation. Planktonic and biofilm cultures of three S. aureus strains, including a nuc1 deficient strain, were cultured under antimicrobial pressure. Results indicated that nuc1 deletion stimulates the polysaccharide production per CFU in the biofilm in in vitro biofilms. Also antimicrobial pressure of ciproflocacin, doxycycline and erythromycin resulted in significantly increased quantities of polysaccharides per CFU, but this did only coincide with significantly reduced MN activity in erythromycin. Resveratrol significantly reduced MN production per CFU but did not affect polysaccharides production. In conclusion, various antimicrobials impact the balance of eDNA, polysaccharides and MN production, all in a different way.
Selection of Urethral Orifice Location for Hypospadias with Prostatic Cyst Undergoing Urethroplasty
Authors: Lu Jun , Cen Junjie , Wang Wenwei , Zhao Hongwei , Li Pengju , Mo Jiacong , Chen Zhenhua , Tang Yiming , Wei Jinhuan , Fang Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore whether opening the external urethral orifice in the coronal sulcus can reduce the incidence of epididymitis after operating on hypospadias with a prostatic cyst connected to the vas deferens.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three patients (group A) (average age = 3.3 years old) with severe hypospadias and prostatic cyst underwent cystostomy, hypospadias correction and urethroplasty, along with relocation of the external orifice of urethra. Group B consisted of 4 patients (average age = 6.9 years old) presenting with epididymitis after hypospadias surgery and Unsuccessful conservative treatment. Patients underwent urethral dilatation along with urethral catheterization, cutting of the original corpus cavernosum that encapsulated the urethra, and extension of the position of the external urethral orifice to the coronal sulcus. RESULTS: In group A, 3 children underwent bladder fistula removal 2 weeks after operation. All patients were followed up for 5-7 years. The vulva developed normally without any complications. Four children in group B underwent stent removal 12 weeks after operation, and one patient was still stenosed and dilated again. All patients were followed up for 2-12 years without epididymitis recurrence. Penile erection and ejaculation were normal in adulthood. CONCLUSION: For hypospadias patients experiencing complications due to the presence of a prostatic sac, especially those with prostatic sac connected to the vas deferens, the positioning of the external urethral orifice in the coronary sulcus would be helpful to reduce the occurrence of epididymitis.
Nitrogen Oxides Concentration and Emission Change Detection During COVID-19 Restrictions in North India
Authors: Misra Prakhar , Takigawa Masayuki , Khatri Pradeep , Dhaka Surendra , Dimri A. , Yamaji Kazuyo , Kajino Mizuo , Takeuchi Wataru , Imasu Ryoichi , Patra Prabir , Hayashida Sachiko 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 induced restrictions resulted in a lowered fine aerosol particle and trace gas concentration across several urban places around the world, providing a natural opportunity to study effects of anthropogenic activities on emissions of air pollutants. Impact of sudden suspension of human activities on air pollution was analyzed by studying the change in satellite retrieved NO2 concentrations and top-down NOx emission over the urban and rural areas around Delhi. NO2 was chosen for being the most indicative of emission intensity due to its short lifetime of the order of a few hours in the planetary boundary layer. We present a robust temporal comparison of Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) retrieved NO2 column density during the lockdown with the counterfactual baseline concentrations, extrapolated from the long-term trend and seasonal cycle components of NO2 using observations during 2015 to 2019. NO2 columns in the urban area of Delhi experienced an anomalous relative change ranging from 60.0% decline during the Phase 1 of lockdown (March 25-April 13, 2020) to 3.4% during the post-lockdown Phase 5. In contrast, we find no substantial reduction in NO2 concentrations over the rural areas. To clarify the quantitative impact of the lockdown measures, weekly top-down NOx emissions were estimated from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) retrieved NO2 by accounting for horizontal advection derived from the steady state continuity equation. NOx emissions from urban areas and power plants exhibited a mean decline of 72.19% and 53.4% respectively in Phase 1 compared to the pre-lockdown business-as-usual phase. Due to absence of confounding emission source activity during lockdown, emission estimates over urban areas and power-plants were validated with respective electricity generation reports and Google’s mobility reports. A higher anomaly in emission estimates suggests that comparison of only concentration change, without accounting for the dynamical and photochemical conditions, may mislead evaluation of lockdown impact. Our results are also useful for optimizing bottom-up emission inventories.
Molecular and Epidemiological of Human Adenovirus and Classic Human Astrovirus in Children With Acute Diarrhea in Shanghai, 2017-2018
Authors: Lu Lijuan , Zhong Huaqing , Xu Menghua , Su Liyun , Cao Lingfeng , Jia Ran , Xu Jin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In addition to rotavirus and norovirus, human adenovirus (HAdV) and classic human astrovirus (classic HAstV) have been identified as important pathogens of acute diarrhea in infants and young children. Here, we presented the molecular epidemiology of HAdV and classic HAstV in children with acute diarrhea in Shanghai. Methods: Fecal specimens were collected from 804 outpatient infants and young children diagnosed as acute diarrhea in Shanghai from January 2017 to December 2018. All the samples were screened for the presence of HAdV and classic HAstV. HAdV and Classic HAstV were detected using traditional PCR and reverse-transcription PCR, respectively. All the HAdV and classic HAstV positive samples were genotyped by phylogenetic analysis. Results: Among these 804 fecal samples, 8.58% (69/804) samples were infected with at least one of HAdV or classic HAstV, and one of them was co-infected with these two viruses. The overall detection rates of HAdV and classic HAstV were 3.47% (28/804) and 5.22% (42/804), respectively. Four subgroups (A, B, C and F) of HAdV were detected and seven different genotypes (HAdV-C1, -C2, -B3, -C5, -A31, -F40 and -F41) were identified. Subgroup F had the highest constituent ratio at 64.29% (18/28) followed by non-enteric HAdV of subgroup C (21.43%, 6/28) and subgroup B 10.71% (3/28). HAdV-F41 (60.71%, 17/28) was the dominant genotype, followed by HAdV-C2 (14.29%, 4/28) and HAdV-B3 (10.71%, 3/28). Two diﬀerent genotypes of classic HAstV (HAstV-1 and HAstV-5) were identified in 42 samples during the study period. HAstV-1 (95.24%, 40/42) was the predominant genotype and the other two strains were genotyped as HAstV-5. Conclusions: Those findings indicate that HAdV and classic HAstV play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute diarrhea in children in Shanghai. Systematic and long-term surveillance of HAdV and classic HAstV are needed to monitor their prevalence in children and prevent major outbreak.
Mixed Alkyltrimethylammonium-Alkylcarboxylate Surfactants Systems: A Potential Anti-Proliferation Agent for MDA-MB-231 Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Lim Huei , Yong Shuang , Phang Yee , Chuah Hock , Alitheen Noorjahan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Series of catanionic based alkyltrimethylammonium-alkylcarboxylate surfactants systems having different degree of alkyl chain length asymmetry were prepared and tested for their cytotoxicity against both fibroblast 3T3 and breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Catanionic surfactant with the highest alkyl chain length possessed significant potent cytotoxicity, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 4.04 ± 0.06 μM on MDA-MB-231 cell line. Combination of anti-cancer agent (tocotrienol rich fraction,TRF; and curcumin, respectively)with the catanionic at different weight ratios was found to exert lower cytotoxicity on both cell lines as compared to the treated cells with catanionic only. Noticeably, combination of TRF withcatanionic showed higher anti-cancer activities than the incorporation of curcumin with catanionic (resulted low IC50 value). Combination index (CI) of both anti-cancer agent (TRF and curcumin) and catanionic mixtures indicated antagonistic effect (more than 1), respectively, which may explained catanionic surfactant having long alkyl chain length has the potential to act as anti-cancer agent in its pristine form and less effective with other anti-cancer agents combination.
Development and Validation of the Anesthesia Critical-Thinking Test (ACTT)
Authors: Kiatchai Taniga , Raksamani Kasana , Suraseranivongse Suwannee 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite critical thinking being a crucial skill in anesthesia practice, no specific tool exists to evaluate the skill in anesthesia training. The present study measured the validity, reliability and practicality of the Anesthesia Critical-Thinking Test (ACTT) for measuring the stages of critical thinking in anesthesia settings.Methods: We developed the ACTT to evaluate critical-thinking skills by ranking learners into 6 critical-thinking stages: 1) unreflective thinker, 2) beginning critical thinker, 3) practicing critical thinker, 4) advanced critical thinker, 5) accomplished critical thinker and 6) challenged thinker. Content validity was assessed by 5 experts. Concurrent validity, reliability and practicality were tested by 2 evaluators. We retrospectively and randomly assessed 47 long-essay assignments written by 1st–3rd year anesthesia residents in 2018. The assignments were subsequently blindly reviewed by 2 researchers to assess the critical-thinking stages. Results: The ACTT’s items were adjusted for content validity until the item-objective congruence was > 0.5. Concurrent validity between the scores and the critical-thinking stages showed moderate correlation by both evaluators (Evaluator 1 rs 0.574, P < 0.001; Evaluator 2 rs 0.603, P < 0.001). High-performance learners (stages 3, 4 and 5) had significantly higher scores than low-performance learners (stages 1 and 2), with P = 0.001. Interrater reliability was strongly correlated (rs 0.866, P < 0.001). Both evaluators were satisfied with the tool’s practicality.Conclusions: The ACTT provides a valid, reliable and practical means of evaluating the critical-thinking skills of anesthesia residents.
Oncoplastic Reconstructive Breast Surgeon (ORBS) Performance and Impact on Breast Reconstructions: Clinical Outcome, Learning Curve, and Patient Reported Aesthetic Results- An analysis of 451 Procedures
Authors: Lai Hung-Wen , Lin Joseph , Chen Shou-Tung , Chen Dar-Ren , Lin Shih-Lung , Kuo Shou-Jen , Lin Ying-Jen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Oncoplastic and reconstructive breast surgeon (ORBS) aimed to incorporate aesthetics and plastic technique into breast cancer operations to balance the oncologic safety and cosmetic outcome, and also to promote breast reconstructions. The outcome of breast reconstruction performed by an ORBS was reported from a single institute. Among the 451 breast reconstructions performed by an ORBS, 75.8% were gel implant reconstructions, 3.3% were tissue expander, 16.9% were transverse rectus abdominal myocutaneous (TRAM) flap, 3.1% latissimus dorsi (LD) flap, and 0.9% LD flap + implant. The patients reported aesthetic evaluation showed that 53.9% responded excellent, 41.1% good, 4.4% fair, and 0.6% poor. In cumulative sum plot learning curve analysis, it took around 58 procedures for an ORBS to be familial with mastectomy followed by immediate gel implant reconstruction and to significantly decrease the operation time. In multivariate analysis, younger age, MRI, nipple sparing mastectomy, ORBS, and high-volume surgeon were factors related to breast reconstructions. Current study demonstrated that a breast surgeon after adequate training could become an ORBS and perform breast reconstructions with adequacy. Complimentary to traditional breast surgeon-to-plastic surgeon breast reconstruction pathways, ORBS could increase breast reconstructions rate, which remained low worldwide.
Construction and Validation of a Prognostic Model of Gastric Cancer with 10RBPs Based on 6 Microarrays
Authors: Zhou Liqiang , Lu Hao , Xin Lin , Zhou Qi , Wu You , Li Shihao , Yuan Yiwu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For explore the potential connection of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) to the expression function of gastric cancer (GC). We download the GPL10558 and GPL6947 platform mircroarray data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Express database. Then the system integrates and analyzes the differentially expressed RBPs. And enrich the differentially expressed RBPs to understand the mechanism of its influence on tumors. Univariate Cox, lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to screen independent prognostic parameters to construct prognostic model, and calculate aera under time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (AUC) and survival analysis were used to evaluate their prognostic ability. GSE15459, GSE62254 cohorts were used to verify hub signature. Finally, we also verified the prognosis and expression of hub-RBPs. Systematic analysis identified 23 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated RBPs, and enrichment analysis showed that they mainly affect their modification by binding to mRNA, and their stability affects the progression of GC. After multiple statistical analyses, we obtained the prognostic signature constructed by 10 RBPs and determined that it has better predictive performance (AUC = 0.685). Through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we have obtained 10 key gastric cancer RBPs as potential prognostic biomarkers, providing new perspectives for the treatment and prognostic of GC.
Classification and Coding of Data About IgE-mediated Food Allergic Reactions
Authors: French Chloe , Green Benjamin , Lawson-Tovey Saskia , Javed Bushra , Morisset Martine , Knulst Andre , Li Thuy-my , Simpson Angela , Dua Shelly , Jong Nicolette de , Ballmer-Weber Barbara , Fernandez-Rivas Montserrat , Beyer Kirsten , Mills Clare , Couch Philip 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Collation of clinical data on IgE-mediated food allergies is essential to provide evidenced-based approaches to managing and treating food allergies and prevent accidental reactions. However, this can be a time consuming and difficult process due to the heterogeneous way in which studies collect such data. In order to facilitate data harmonisation a set of standardised terminologies have been identified and a consensus technique established to code food allergy data.Methods: Different terminologies to encode the most common signs, symptoms and problematic foods associated with IgE-mediated food allergies were identified. Their suitability for classifying and coding information about the signs and symptoms of food allergic reactions, causative foods and reaction severity of was assessed. The assessment included existing conceptual coverage and data descriptions, classification schemes and additional relevant information.Results: All of the terminologies reviewed included classification schemes, allowing broader concepts to be related to those that are more specialised. Additional information was often present such as equivalence. Of the clinical coding systems assessed, the Systemized Nomenclature of Medical Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT) provided the most complete coverage with options to code symptom severity. Only food coding systems, such as FoodEx2, provided comprehensive conceptual coverage of the food terms.Conclusions: Utilising SNOMED-CT and FoodEx2 standards together will support the harmonisation of data regarding food allergy from diverse sources, providing a transparent and effective way to collate relevant data required for effective food allergen management in the future.