bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender disparity in cardiovascular mortality following radiation therapy for Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a systematic review
Authors: Khalid Yaser , Fradley Michael , Dasu Neethi , Dasu Kirti , Shah Ankit , Levine Adam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Radiation-induced coronary artery disease (R-CAD) has become an increasingly recognized phenomenon. Although the clinical relationship between radiation therapy and CAD risk is well known, there is minimal investigation of the gender relationship to radiation-induced CAD events and the resulting cardiovascular (CV) events/mortality. We study the gender variation in the incidence of CV events/mortality related to R-CAD in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) patients.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used in this systematic review and network meta-analysis. OVID, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via the Wiley Interface, Web of Science Core Collection, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were investigated to identify prospective and retrospective observational studies comparing women and men following radiation treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Ten studies were included (4 prospective, 6 retrospective). The primary outcome was incidence of cardiovascular events/mortality. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. Meta-regression for age was also performed.

Results
Of 13,975 patients, including 41% females and 59% males, CV events/mortality were noted to be significantly higher in women compared to men (OR 3.74, 95% CI 2.44–5.72, p < 0.001). All-cause mortality was also higher in women compared to men (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.10–3.44, p < 0.023). On meta-regression analysis, elderly populations have a higher rate of mortality, which was even higher for women than men (coefficient = 0.0458, p = 0.0374).

Conclusions
Women have a higher rate of R-CAD related CV events/mortality and all-cause mortality compared to men amongst radiation-treated patients. These data highlight the need for increased surveillance to better monitor for R-CAD in female patients treated with mantle or mediastinal radiation.
New US device versus imaging US to assess tumor-in-brain
Authors: Halevy-Politch Jacob , Zaaroor Menashe , Sinai Alon , Constantinescu Marius 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Applying ultrasonic imaging system during surgery requires the poring of saline, performing the measurement, and acquiring data from its display—which requires time and is highly “performer dependent,” i.e., the measure is of a subjective nature. A new ultrasonic device was recently developed that overcomes most of these drawbacks and was successfully applied during tumor-in-brain neurosurgeries. The purpose of this study was to compare the two types of US devices and demonstrate their properties.

Methods
The study was performed in the following stages: (i) an ex vivo experiment, where slices of the muscle and brain of a young porcine were laid one on top the other. Thicknesses and border depths were measured and compared, using the two types of US instruments. (ii) During human clinical neurosurgeries, tumor depth was compared by measuring it with both devices. (iii) Following the success of stages (i) and (ii), using solely the new US device, the tumor thickness was monitored while its resection.
Correlation, Pearson’s coefficient, average, mean, and standard deviation were applied for statistical tests.

Results
A high correlation was obtained for the distances of tissue borders and for their respective thicknesses. Applying these ultrasonic devices during neurosurgeries, tumor depths were monitored with high similarity (87%), which was also obtained by Pearson’s correlation coefficient (0.44). The new US device, thanks to its small footprint, its remote measurement, and the capability of monitoring intraoperatively and in real-time, provides the approach to tumor’s border before its complete resection.

Conclusions
The new US device provides better accuracy than an ultrasonic imaging system; its data is objective; it enables to control the residual tumor thickness during its resection, and it is especially useful in restricted areas. These features were found of great help during a tumor-in-brain surgery and especially in the final stages of tumor’s resection.
Optimal control on a mathematical model to pattern the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Indonesia
Authors: Sasmita Novi Reandy , Ikhwan Muhammad , Suyanto Suyanto , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Understanding the pattern of COVID-19 infection progression is critical for health policymakers. Reaching the exponential peak of cases, flattening the curve, and treating all of the active cases are the keys to success in reducing outbreak transmission. The objective of this study was to determine the most effective model for predicting the peak of COVID-19 in Indonesia, using a deterministic model.

Methods
The SEI2RS model considers five strategies for control, namely: large-scale social restriction (u1), contact tracing (u2), mass testing (u3), case detection and treatment (u4), and the wearing of face masks (u5). Three scenarios were developed, each differentiated by the controls. The model used April 10, 2020, and December 31, 2020, as the initial and final times.

Results
The simulation results indicated that the peak of COVID-19 cases for scenarios 1, 2, and 3 occur on the 59th day with 33,151 cases, on the 38th day with 37,908 cases, and on the 40th day with 39,305 cases. For all of the scenarios, the decline phase shows a slow downward slope and about 8000 cases of COVID-19 still active by the end of 2020.

Conclusion
The study concludes that scenario 2, which consists of large-scale social restriction (u1), contact tracing (u2), case detection and treatment (u4), and the wearing of face masks (u5), is the most rational scenario to control COVID-19 spreading in Indonesia.
Pathogenicity of nuclear polyhedrosis virus to Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its control on stored beeswax foundations
Authors: El Husseini Monir M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA nuclear polyhedrosis virus (GmMNPV) was isolated from the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae from a dead laboratory colony. A semi-synthetic diet was used for rearing G. mellonella at room conditions of 25–30 °C and 60–70% relative humidity. The polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIBs) of the virus were extracted and bio-assayed versus larvae of L3 of G. mellonella in 5 concentrations, i.e., 2 × 102, 2 × 103, 2 × 105, 2 × 107, and 2 × 108 PIBs/ml mixed in the diet (1 ml:1 g). Histopathological study was carried out through a light microscopy of 6–8 μm cross sections in larvae fed on diet contaminated with the virus (2 × 108 PIBs/ml in 1 g diet). The virus infected the nuclei in all organ cells of both ectodermal origins, e.g., hypoderm, tracheal epithelial cells, cells of salivary glands, epithelial cells of fore- and hindgut, and those of mesodermal origin, e.g., fat bodies and cortex of ganglia of the nervous system. Experimental protection of artificially infested beeswax foundations by spraying (2 × 107 PIBs/ml) kept the wax foundations weight loss at 0.4% for 4 months storing, while those artificially infested without virus treatment were completely devoured (100%) by larvae of the pest within 4 months due to successive pest generations. This treatment is recommended for protecting the stored beeswax foundations and combs as a safe alternative to the traditional hazardous chemical insecticides.
Young people, good life narratives, and sustainable futures: the case of Instagram
Authors: Loukianov Anastasia , Burningham Kate , Jackson Tim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundYoung people’s processes of meaning-making in relation to what it means to live well are supported by the shared understandings of the good life that are available in their particular sociocultural and historical contexts. These understandings are tied to questions of environmental impact and social justice, as each ‘good life’ entails different levels of material throughput and some may undermine the ability of others to pursue their chosen ‘good lives’. This paper draws on the insights from an exploration of Instagram posts tagged #goodlife to consider the role of Instagram in the constitution of good life narratives that are available to young people. Using network analysis tools, the researchers analyse the relationships between themes of hashtags appearing on 793 posts tagged #goodlife. The findings from the thematic approach to network analysis are used to support a thematic qualitative exploration of a subsample of 200 of the posts.FindingsThe paper gives an overview of three good life narratives that can be found on the platform: the good life of the self-made affluent entrepreneur, the good life of the world-traveller, the good life as shared experience. Additionally, it highlights the differing levels of popularity of each narrative on the platform, and considers their respective implications for environmental and social sustainability. The paper then provides a conceptual reading of the platform that enables considerations relating to its place in the creation and maintenance of good life narratives. Conceptualising Instagram as a social conversation, the paper suggests that adequate participation on the platform may require engaging in less sustainable practices.ConclusionsThe paper concludes by arguing that while the most popular narratives on the platform are less likely to support sustainable lifestyles, more sustainable understandings of living well are also promoted by users.
Perioperative beta-blocker and its effect on coronary artery bypass graft patients outcome after surgery
Authors: Elshafei Mohamed N. , Hussein Wael Reda , Shehata Oliver M. , Tolba Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers have been studied for minimizing the effects of catecholamines by blocking their activation of beta receptors. They are used to prevent or treat hypertensive crises, tachycardia, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmias. Several studies have shown the efficacy of such drugs in decreasing postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Aim of the study
This study aimed to evaluate the benefit of perioperative beta-blocker therapy in improving the outcome of CABG surgery regarding intra- and postoperative arrhythmias and ventricular function.

Method
It was a prospective controlled nonrandomized study conducted on 50 patients undergoing elective CABG in Ain Shams University hospitals, in which the study group, who were the patients who were compliant on beta-blocker therapy, received 1 mg of propranolol before removal of aortic cross clamp and continued on beta-blocker therapy in the postoperative period, while the control group who were not on beta-blocker therapy received an equivalent volume of normal saline before removal of aortic cross clamp and received beta-blocker therapy in the postoperative period. Both groups were assessed regarding the heart rate, ventricular systolic function by transesophageal echo intraoperatively and transthoracic echo postoperatively, duration of ICU and hospital stay, and incidence of intra- and postoperative arrhythmias.

Results
Perioperative beta-blockers decreased the incidence of intra- and postoperative arrhythmias.

Conclusion
In the absence of contraindications, CABG patients should receive perioperative beta-blockers as they improve the systolic ventricular function, decrease the incidence of intra- and postoperative arrhythmias, and shorten the duration of hospital and ICU stay.
Mean platelet volume dynamics as a prognostic indicator in pediatric surgical intensive care unit: a descriptive observational study
Authors: Abdel-Aal Iman Riad M. , El Adawy Akram Shahat , Mohammed Hany Mohammed El-Hadi Shoukat , Gabah Ahmed Nabil Mohamed 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Platelet size and activity have a close correlation. The mean platelet volume (MPV) is related to the disease severity and prognosis, especially in critically ill patients.

Objective
To study the relation between MPV changes and postoperative morbidities and mortality in pediatric surgical intensive care unit (PSICU).

Methods and material
We enrolled in this descriptive observational study one hundred PSICU children aged from 1 month to 18 years and stayed for > 48 h for peri-operative or post-trauma management. The 1ry outcome was the association between percentage change in MPV (ΔMPV) value and mortality. We recorded MPV, ΔMPV, and platelet count as a baseline, at day 0, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days and then once weekly until patients were discharged, died, or reached a maximum of 90 days in ICU stay.

Statistical analysis used
We used statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 22. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney test made comparisons between quantitative variables. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), non-parametric Friedman, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests made the comparison within the same patients. We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the detection of sensitivity and specificity.

Results
Patients who developed ICU complications showed higher ΔMPV compared with non-complicated cases, and this was statistically significant on days 2, 3, 5, and 7 of ICU stay. ROC curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 57.2% and 73% on days 2 and 3 and a specificity of 76.6% and 71% on days 2 and 3, respectively.

Conclusions
MPV dynamics have a prognostic role and worth a value in predicting several complications in PSICU.
Ultrasound-guided erector spinae block for postoperative analgesia in thoracotomy patients: a prospective, randomized, observer-blind, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Sobhy Mohammed Gomaa , Abd El-Hamid Ahmed Mostafa , Elbarbary Dina Hosni , Elmeliegy Mohamed Fouad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background and objectives
Thoracotomy is considered the most painful of surgical procedures and providing adequate analgesia is the onus for all anaesthesiologists. This study investigated the efficacy of the ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) block in analgesia after thoracotomies.

Patients and methods
Sixty patients with American Society of Anesthesiology physical status (ASA-PS) I–IV, aged more than 18 years were allocated to two groups, ESP group which received the ESP block and C (control) group with no block. Single-shot U/S-guided ESP block with 20 ml 0.25% bupivacaine at the 5th thoracic vertebral level was performed preoperatively in the ESP group. Postoperative 24 h morphine consumption and pain scores were compared between the groups. Also, the side effects of opioid usage were compared.

Main results
Postoperative morphine consumption was 22.06 ± 6.24 mg in the ESP group and 30.6 ± 6.23 mg in the C group (p < 0.001). Results showed that there was a significant difference between both groups in favour of the ESP group regarding visual analogue score (VAS) at rest and with coughing (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our study findings show that US-guided ESP block exhibits a significant analgesic effect in patients undergoing thoracotomy surgery.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03749395. Registered 13 November 2018
Overexpressing rice lesion simulating disease 1-like gene (OsLOL1) in Gossypium hirsutum promotes somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration
Authors: WANG Zhian , WANG Peng , HU Guang , XIAO Juanli , ZHANG Anhong , LUO Xiaoli , WU Jiahe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Cotton somatic embryogenesis is difficult or rarely frequent to present, which has limited gene function identification and biotechnological utility. Here, we employed a rice key somatic embryogenesis-related gene, rice lesion simulating disease 1-like gene (OsLOL1), to develop transgenic cotton callus for evaluating its function in ectopic plants.

Results
Overexpressing OsLOL1 can promote cotton callus to form embryogenic callus, not only shortening time but also increasing transition of somatic callus cells to embryogenic callus cells. And the regenerating plantlets per transgenic OsLOL1 embryogenic callus were significantly higher than those in the control transformed with empty vector. Analysis of physiological and biochemical showed that OsLOL1 can repress cotton superoxide dismutase 1 gene (GhSOD1) expression, possibly resulting in reactive oxidant species (ROS) accumulation in transgenic callus cells. And OsLOL1-overexpressed embryogenic callus exhibited higher α-amylase activity compared with the control, resulting from the promotion of OsLOL1 to cotton amylase 7 gene (GhAmy7) and GhAmy8 expression.

Conclusion
The data showed that OsLOL1 could be used as a candidate gene to transform cotton to increase its somatic embryogenesis capacity, facilitating gene function analysis and molecular breeding in cotton.
Torsion of a pedunculated subserous leiomyoma: a case report of a rare cause of acute abdominal pain in a pregnant woman
Authors: Costa Marta D. L. , Cunha Teresa Margarida 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute onset abdominal pain through the pedunculated leiomyoma torsion is a rather uncommon presentation and a rare source of acute abdominal pain in the emergency department during pregnancy. Due to its rarity, this condition is not always considered, leading sometimes to inappropriate or unnecessary therapeutic approaches. Given that there are no specific clinical findings, radiological examination represents a fundamental tool for achieving the correct diagnosis. Pelvic ultrasound is usually the first imaging approach, but MRI is recommended for further evaluation, showing high diagnostic accuracy.

Case presentation
A 35-year-old primigravid woman presented at the gynecological emergency department at 21 weeks of gestation, with a complaint of sudden onset of strong intensity right abdominal pain. Vital signs and blood test results were normal. A pelvic ultrasound was requested and showed a heterogeneous pelvic mass in the right lower quadrant, between the uterine body and the right ovary (which was not enlarged and presented normal venous and arterial blood flow) raising the suspicion of a right ovary tumor or an exophytic uterine tumor. An MRI was performed and revealed a well-defined and heterogeneous mass, with predominantly high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (WI) with and without fat saturation and with hyperintense areas on axial T1WI; the presence of bridging vessels in the interface between the tumor and the uterus was also demonstrated—the “bridging vessel sign.” The tumor presented restricted diffusion with high signal intensity on axial diffusion-weighted imaging (b1000) and low signal intensity on the axial ADC map. The set of MR imaging features was consistent with the torsion of a pedunculated subserosal uterine leiomyoma with hemorrhagic necrosis. A successful conservative approach was the first-option treatment, with no further surgical intervention.

Conclusion
The torsion of a pedunculated subserous leiomyoma should be considered in a pregnant woman with acute onset abdominal pain. The correct diagnosis, based on clinical and radiological findings, is essential for good outcomes concerning maternal and fetal well-being, allowing the safest and most appropriate treatment. A conservative approach seems to be a safe and appropriate first-option treatment to this condition.
The role of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in assessment of peritoneal lesions: radiologic-pathologic correlation
Authors: Mahmoud Bahaa Eldin , Abdelzaher Asmaa Ahmed , Mohamed Ahmed Abdellatif , Metwally Lamiaa I. A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Peritoneal diseases can be caused by a wide spectrum of pathologies including benign, primary, and secondary malignant lesions. Benign peritoneal diseases can mimic malignancies and have overlapping clinical, pathophysiological, and imaging appearances. Biopsy and histological assessment remain the gold standard for characterization of the peritoneal lesions; however, functional MRI techniques like diffusion imaging with quantitative assessment by ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient) measurements can help in the detection and characterization of different peritoneal lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of diffusion MR imaging in differentiating between benign and malignant peritoneal lesions with correlation to their pathological results.

Results
Forty patients with peritoneal lesions were included in the study. According to histopathological results, 20 of them were of benign nature, and the other 20 were malignant. The mean ADC value of the benign lesions was 1.5 ± 0.5 × 10−3 mm2/s while that of malignant lesions was 0.9 ± 0.3 × 10−3 mm2/s with statistically significant difference (p < 0.00001), and a cutoff value of 1.15 × 10−3 mm2/s can be used to differentiate benign and malignant lesions with 85% sensitivity and specificity. In particular, we compared the mean ADC values of the eight cases of peritoneal tuberculosis with that of fourteen cases of peritoneal carcinomatosa, and it was also statistically significant (p < 0.001). However, we did not find a statistically significant difference between the mean ADC value of the benign and malignant cystic peritoneal lesions (p = 0.5).

Conclusion
Diffusion MR imaging can provide a reliable non-invasive tool that can help in the differentiation between benign and malignant peritoneal lesions using qualitative and quantitative diffusion assessment through ADC measurements with a recommended cutoff value of 1.15 × 10−3 mm2/s.