bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benchmarking hybrid assemblies of Giardia and prediction of widespread intra-isolate structural variation
Authors: Pollo Stephen M. J. , Reiling Sarah J. , Wit Janneke , Workentine Matthew L. , Guy Rebecca A. , Batoff G. William , Yee Janet , Dixon Brent R. , Wasmuth James D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCurrently available short read genome assemblies of the tetraploid protozoan parasiteGiardia intestinalisare highly fragmented, highlighting the need for improved genome assemblies at a reasonable cost. Long nanopore reads are well suited to resolve repetitive genomic regions resulting in better quality assemblies of eukaryotic genomes. Subsequent addition of highly accurate short reads to long-read assemblies further improves assembly quality. Using this hybrid approach, we assembled genomes for threeGiardiaisolates, two with published assemblies and one novel, to evaluate the improvement in genome quality gained from long reads. We then used the long reads to predict structural variants to examine this previously unexplored source of genetic variation inGiardia.MethodsWith MinION reads for each isolate, we assembled genomes using several assemblers specializing in long reads. Assembly metrics, gene finding, and whole genome alignments to the reference genomes enabled direct comparison to evaluate the performance of the nanopore reads. Further improvements from adding Illumina reads to the long-read assemblies were evaluated using gene finding. Structural variants were predicted from alignments of the long reads to the best hybrid genome for each isolate and enrichment of key genes was analyzed using random genome sampling and calculation of percentiles to find thresholds of significance.ResultsOur hybrid assembly method generated reference quality genomes for each isolate. Consistent with previous findings based on SNPs, examination of heterozygosity using the structural variants found thatGiardiaBGS was considerably more heterozygous than the other isolates that are from Assemblage A. Further, each isolate was shown to contain structural variant regions enriched for variant-specific surface proteins, a key class of virulence factor inGiardia.ConclusionsThe ability to generate reference quality genomes from a single MinION run and a multiplexed MiSeq run enables future large-scale comparative genomic studies within the genusGiardia. Further, prediction of structural variants from long reads allows for more in-depth analyses of major sources of genetic variation within and betweenGiardiaisolates that could have effects on both pathogenicity and host range.
On the distribution of Low Hamming Weight products
Authors: Li Jianghua , Li Qiao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractJeffrey Hoffstein et al. (Discrete Appl. Math. 130:37–49, 2003) introduced the Low Hamming Weight products (LHWP) $X=x_{1}x_{2}x_{3}$X=x1x2x3 as random exponent of elements in a group or a ring to improve the operational efficiency, where each $x_{i}$xi has Hamming Weight $\operatorname{Ham}(x_{i})$Ham(xi) in its binary representation. The random power or multiple be used in many cryptographic constructions, such as Diffie–Hellman key exchange, elliptic curve ElGamal variants, and NTRU public-key cryptosystem. But their randomness is just a conjecture, which lacks of the security proof. The main purpose of this paper is using the analytic method and the properties of the character sums to prove the distribution of the Hamming weight products, which is related to their pseudorandomness and unpredictability. It is important to research the application of LHWP in cryptographic constructions. Our theory shows that the LHWP are exponentially close to the uniform distribution, namely, an attack on algorithm (Hoffstein et al. in Discrete Appl. Math. 130:37–49, 2003) needs polynomial time to reach exponentially close probabilities of success.
Finite-time synchronization criterion of graph theory perspective fractional-order coupled discontinuous neural networks
Authors: Pratap A. , Raja R. , Cao Jinde , Alzabut J. , Huang Chuangxia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this research work, the finite-time synchronization and adaptive finite-time synchronization criterion of graph theory perspective fractional-order coupled discontinuous neural networks (FCDNNs) are investigated under two different control strategies. By utilizing differential inclusion theory, Filippov framework, suitable Lyapunov functional, and graph theory approach, several sufficient criteria based on discontinuous state feedback control protocol and discontinuous adaptive feedback control protocol are established for ensuring the finite-time synchronization and adaptive finite-time synchronization of FCDNNs. Finally, two numerical cases illustrate the efficiency of the proposed finite-time synchronization results.
Dynamics of localized waves and interaction solutions for the $(3+1)$-dimensional B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Boussinesq equation
Authors: Liu Wenhao , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the $(3+1)$(3+1)-dimensional B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Boussinesq equation, which can be used to describe the processes of interaction of exponentially localized structures. The breathers, lumps, and rogue waves of this equation are studied in detail via the Hirota bilinear method. More specifically, the general breathers, line breathers, and many kinds of interaction solutions are constructed by selecting the appropriate parameters. Based on the long wave limit method, some lumps, rogue waves, and their interaction solutions are derived. The dynamical characteristics of these solutions are vividly demonstrated through some graphical analyzes in the different planes.
Finite-time $H_{\infty }$ bounded control of networked control systems with mixed delays and stochastic nonlinearities
Authors: Hou Ling , Chen Dongyan , He Chan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the stochastic finite-time $H_{\infty }$H∞ bounded control problem for a class of networked control systems (NCSs) subject to mixed delays, stochastic nonlinearities, and randomly missing measurement. The mixed delays consist of discrete time-varying and distributed delays. The stochastic nonlinearities satisfy statistical means. The missing measurement is modeled by a Bernoulli-distributed random variable. By applying stochastic analysis method we present sufficient conditions guaranteeing the stochastic finite-time boundedness of a closed-loop system with desired $H_{\infty }$H∞ performance level within a finite time interval. Moreover, dynamic output feedback controller can be obtained in terms of a set of matrix inequalities, which can be easily solved by using the cone complementarity linearization method (CCLM). Finally, we provide two numerical examples to illustrate the validity of the proposed design technique.
Identifying smartphone users based on how they interact with their phones
Authors: Alqarni Mohammed A. , Chauhdary Sajjad Hussain , Malik Maryam Naseer , Ehatisham-ul-Haq Muhammad , Azam Muhammad Awais 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The continuous advancement in the Internet of Things technology allows people to connect anywhere at any time, thus showing great potential in technology like smart devices (including smartphones and wearable devices). However, there is a possible risk of unauthorized access to these devices and technologies. Unfortunately, frequently used authentication schemes for protecting smart devices (such as passwords, PINs, and pattern locks) are vulnerable to many attacks. USB tokens and hardware keys have a risk of being lost. Biometric verification schemes are insecure as well as they are susceptible to spoofing attacks. Maturity in sensor chips and machine learning algorithms provides a better solution for authentication problems based on behavioral biometrics, which aims to identify the behavioral traits that a user possesses, such as hand movements and waving patterns. Therefore, this research study aims to provide a solution for passive and continuous authentication of smartphone users by analyzing their activity patterns when interacting with their phones. The motivation is to learn the physical interactions of a smartphone owner for distinguishing him/her from other users to avoid any unauthorized access to the device. Extensive experiments were conducted to test the performance of the proposed scheme using random forests, support vector machine, and Bayes net. The best average recognition accuracy of 74.97% is achieved with the random forests classifier, which shows the significance of recognizing smartphone users based on their interaction with the phones.
Sex differences in the association between marital status and the risk of cardiovascular, cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 7,881,040 individuals
Authors: Wang Yafeng , Jiao Yurui , Nie Jing , O’Neil Adrienne , Huang Wentao , Zhang Lei , Han Jiafei , Liu Hao , Zhu Yikun , Yu Chuanhua , Woodward Mark 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To ascertain whether sex differences exist in the relationship between marital status and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD), cancer and all-cause mortality in the general population and to explore the potential effect of age, location, the duration of follow-up and publication years on these outcomes.

Methods
A systematic search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE from inception through to April 2018 and review of references to obtain sex-specific relative risks and their 95% confidence intervals. These were used to derive the women-to-men ratio of RRs (RRR) and 95% CI for each study. RRs and RRRs for each outcome were then pooled using random effects inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis.

Results
Twenty-one studies with 7,891,623 individuals and 1,888,752 deaths were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with married individuals, being unmarried was significantly associated with all-cause, cancer, CVD and coronary heart disease mortalities for both sexes. However, the association with CVD and all-cause mortality was stronger in men. Being divorced/separated was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in men and a stronger risk of cancer and CVD mortality. The pooled ratio for women versus men showed 31 and 9% greater risk of stroke mortality and all-cause mortality associated with never married in men than in women.

Conclusions
Being unmarried conferred higher risk of stroke and all-cause mortality for men than women. Moreover, divorced/separated men had higher risk of cancer mortality and CVD mortality. Further studies are warranted to clarify the biological, behavioral, and/or social mechanisms involved in sex differences by these associations.
A DGA domain names detection modeling method based on integrating an attention mechanism and deep neural network
Authors: Ren Fangli , Jiang Zhengwei , Wang Xuren , Liu Jian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCommand and control (C2) servers are used by attackers to operate communications. To perform attacks, attackers usually employee the Domain Generation Algorithm (DGA), with which to confirm rendezvous points to their C2 servers by generating various network locations. The detection of DGA domain names is one of the important technologies for command and control communication detection. Considering the randomness of the DGA domain names, recent research in DGA detection applyed machine learning methods based on features extracting and deep learning architectures to classify domain names. However, these methods are insufficient to handle wordlist-based DGA threats, which generate domain names by randomly concatenating dictionary words according to a special set of rules. In this paper, we proposed a a deep learning framework ATT-CNN-BiLSTM for identifying and detecting DGA domains to alleviate the threat. Firstly, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) neural network layer was used to extract the features of the domain sequences information; secondly, the attention layer was used to allocate the corresponding weight of the extracted deep information from the domain names. Finally, the different weights of features in domain names were put into the output layer to complete the tasks of detection and classification. Our extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, both on regular DGA domains and DGA that hard to detect such as wordlist-based and part-wordlist-based ones. To be precise,we got a F1 score of 98.79% for the detection and macro average precision and recall of 83% for the classification task of DGA domain names.
Economic evaluation plan of a RCT of hydroxyapatite-coated uncemented hemiarthroplasty versus cemented hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of displaced intracapsular hip fractures
Authors: Png May Ee , Fernandez Miguel A. , Achten Juul , Parsons Nicholas , McGibbon Alwin , Gould Jenny , Griffin Xavier , Costa Matthew L. 
Published: February 2020

AimThis paper describes the methods applied to assess the cost-effectiveness of cemented versus uncemented hemiarthroplasty among hip fracture patients in the World Hip Trauma Evaluation Five (WHiTE5) trial.MethodsA within-trial cost-utility analysis (CUA) will be conducted at four months postinjury from a health system (National Health Service and personal social services) perspective. Resource use pertaining to healthcare utilization (i.e. inpatient care, physiotherapy, social care, and home adaptations), and utility measures (quality-adjusted life years) will be collected at one and four months (primary outcome endpoint) postinjury; only treatment of complications will be captured at 12 months. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to assess the robustness of the results.ConclusionThe planned analysis strategy described here records our intent to conduct a within-trial CUA alongside the WHiTE5 trial.
Single-shot absolute 3D shape measurement with deep-learning-based color fringe projection profilometry
Authors: Qian Jiaming , Feng Shijie , Li Yixuan , Tao Tianyang , Han Jing , Chen Qian , Zuo Chao 
Published: February 2020

Recovering the high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) surface of an object from a single frame image has been the ultimate goal long pursued in fringe projection profilometry (FPP). The color fringe projection method is one of the technologies with the most potential towards such a goal due to its three-channel multiplexing properties. However, the associated color imbalance, crosstalk problems, and compromised coding strategy remain major obstacles to overcome. Inspired by recent successes of deep learning for FPP, we propose a single-shot absolute 3D shape measurement with deep-learning-based color FPP. Through “learning” on extensive data sets, the properly trained neural network can “predict” the high-resolution, motion-artifact-free, crosstalk-free absolute phase directly from one single color fringe image. Compared with the traditional approach, our method allows for more accurate phase retrieval and more robust phase unwrapping. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can provide high-accuracy single-frame absolute 3D shape measurement for complicated objects.
Double-heterodyne probing for an ultra-stable laser based on spectral hole burning in a rare-earth-doped crystal
Authors: Galland N. , Lučić N. , Zhang S. , Alvarez-Martinez H. , Le Targat R. , Ferrier A. , Goldner P. , Fang B. , Seidelin S. , Le Coq Y. 
Published: February 2020

We present an experimental technique for realizing a specific absorption spectral pattern in a rare-earth-doped crystal at cryogenic temperatures. This pattern is subsequently probed on two spectral channels simultaneously, thereby producing an error signal allowing frequency locking of a laser on the said spectral pattern. Appropriate combination of the two channels leads to a substantial reduction in detection noise, paving the way to realizing an ultra-stable laser for which the detection noise can be made arbitrarily low when using multiple channels. We use this technique to realize a laser with a frequency instability of

1.7
×
1

0

−

15

at 1 s, not limited by the detection noise but by environmental perturbation of the crystal. This is comparable with the lowest instability demonstrated at 1 s to date for rare-earth-doped crystal stabilized lasers.
A Importância das Anotações de Enfermagem para a Auditoria em Saúde / The Importance of Nursing Notes for Health Auditing
Authors: Tavares Sheila De Souza 
Published: February 2020

Neste Artigo foi utilizado metodologia de exploração bibliográfica, onde foram realizados estudos e pesquisas em artigos e revistas científicas brasileiras, disponibilizados na internet dentro do período de 2009 a 2017. O objetivo deste artigo além de servir como trabalho de conclusão de Pós-Graduação, foi trazer informações aos leitores sobre a temática em questão que têm se espalhado entre as organizações de saúde, que é a prática de auditoria. A Auditoria em saúde é uma forma de avaliar os serviços prestados de maneira criteriosa pelos profissionais das equipes multidisciplinares. A Auditoria em Saúde tem tido um importante papel na administração das unidades organizacionais de saúde, fazendo com que as mesmas, evitem desperdícios, utilizando da sinalização das falhas e as deficiências na assistência prestada, para manter assim, um padrão na qualidade de sua assistência. As anotações de enfermagem registradas nos prontuários tem sido de extrema importância na vida do enfermeiro auditor. Pois através dos mesmos, o enfermeiro tem conseguido realizar a auditoria com eficiência e agilidade. Na auditoria a atuação do enfermeiro tem revelado a busca de uma assistência registrada e organizada, bem como um atendimento com qualidade, apresentados nos registros fidedignamente e sem omissões. Palavras-Chave: Enfermeiro. Auditoria. Anotações de Enfermagem, Saúde.
The effect of financial performance, IOS, and firm size on cash holdings: the role of dividend policy as moderating variable
Authors: Wibowo Woen Cliff , Wahyudi Sugeng 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of financial performance (profitability, leverage, capital expenditure, liquid asset substitute), IOS, and company size on cash holding by using dividend policy as a moderating variable. The number of samples of this study was 108 observations of non-financial companies in the LQ 45 Index for the period of 2011-2016. The results of moderated regression analysis (MRA) shows that profitability has a positive effect on cash holding, while leverage, liquid asset substitute, IOS, and firm size have negative effect on cash holdings. The results of this study also show that dividend policy can be a moderating variable which weakens the positive effect of profitability on cash holding and strengthens the negative effect of capital expenditure, but the dividend policy is not able to moderate the influence of leverage on cash holding. As a result, the companies were able to make large dividend payouts to reduce the excessive amount of cash holding that managers often abused for their own benefits and increasingly prospering investors with a given dividend.
Comparison of soil bioconditioners and standard fertilization in terms of the impact on yield and vitality of Lolium perenne and soil biological properties
Authors: Swędrzyńska Dorota , Zielewicz Waldemar , Swędrzyński Arkadiusz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare the influence of selected soil bioconditioners and traditional fertilisation P+K+Ca on the vitality and yield of Lolium perenne and on the microbiological state of soil. The study was conducted between 2008 and 2009 – it was based on a field experiment started in 2006, in Brody, at the Agricultural Experiment Station of the Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland. The factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with three replications. Two experimental factors were used: - non-nitrogen fertilisation (Physio-Mescal G18, PRP-SOL, Effective Microorganisms, Effective Microorganisms + Ca, P+K+Ca); - nitrogen fertilisation (N0 and N200 kg ha-1). The following parameters were measured: the yield of dry matter of perennial ryegrass, the plants’ vitality (chlorophyll concentration), the count of selected groups of soil microorganisms (heterotrophic, oligotrophic, copiotrophic bacteria, actinobacteria, fungi), soil enzymatic activity (dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase), and soil pH. The experiment showed that the bioconditioners were not an alternative to traditional mineral fertilisation, especially to nitrogen fertilisation, as a basic yield factor, but they could be a very valuable supplement to this fertilisation, and help to maintain the right biological potential of soil and its fertility, especially in the places where no manure or other non-chemical fertilisers are used.
Dependence of the heterosis effect on genetic distance, determined using various molecular markers
Authors: Tomkowiak Agnieszka , Bocianowski Jan , Kwiatek Michał , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA number of studies have shown that the greater the genetic diversity of parental lines, the greater the heterosis effect. Genetic or phenotypic variation can be estimated by genotype testing on the basis of the observations obtained through prediction (a priori) or the observations and studies (a posteriori). The first method uses data such as the genealogy of a given subject and the information about its geographical origin. The second method is based on the phenotypic observation and studies, as well as on the molecular research. The development of molecular genetics and genotype testing methods at the DNA level has made it possible to rapidly assess the genetic variability regardless of the modifying effect of the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the degree of relatedness and the DNA polymorphism (determined using AFLP, RAPD, and SSR markers) of inbred maize lines and the effect of hybrid-form heterosis. Our analysis demonstrated that the parental components for heterosis crosses can be selected on the basis of the genetic similarity determined using the molecular SSR markers and the Jaccard, Kluczyński, Nei, and Rogers coefficients. Molecular AFLP markers proved less useful for selecting the parental components, but may be used to group lines with incomplete origin data. In the case of the RAPD markers, no clear relationship between genetic distance and the heterosis effect was found in this study.
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Regulated Phyto and Microbial Beneficial Protein Interactions
Authors: Dhawi Faten 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPlant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) influence plants’ physiological characteristics, metabolites, pathways and proteins via alteration of corresponding gene expression. In the current study, a total of 42 upregulated uncharacterized sorghum bicolor root proteins influenced by PGPR were subjected to different analyses: phylogenetic tree, protein functional network, sequences similarity network (SSN), Genome Neighborhood Network (GNN) and motif analysis. The screen for homologous bacterial proteins to uncover associated protein families and similar proteins in non-PGPRs was identified. The sorghum roots’ uncharacterized protein sequences analysis indicated the existence of two protein categories, the first being related to phytobeneficial protein family associated with DNA regulation such as Sulfatase, FGGY_C, Phosphodiesterase or stress tolerance such as HSP70. The second is associated with bacterial transcriptional regulators such as FtsZ, MreB_Mbl and DNA-binding transcriptional regulators, as well as the AcrR family, which existed in PGPR and non PGPR. Therefore, Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) regulated phytobeneficial traits through reciprocal protein stimulation via microbe plant interactions, both during and post colonization.