bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergizing Intuitive Physics and Big Data in Deep Learning: Can We Obtain Process Insights While Maintaining State‐Of‐The‐Art Hydrological Prediction Capability?
Authors: He Leilei , Shi Liangsheng , Song Wenxiang , Shen Jiawen , Wang Lijun , Hu Xiaolong , Zha Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) methods have created insurmountable performance in prediction tasks for geoscientific problems yet are unable to derive process insights and answer specific scientific questions. The geoscience community faces a dilemma of reconciling process comprehension with high predictive accuracy. Here we introduce a deep process learning (DPL) approach empowering neural networks to deduce intrinsic processes from observable data, wherein the intuitive physics of geosystems is directly coupled within the deep learning (DL) architecture as structural prior. We aim to incorporate as raw common concepts as possible as macroscopic guidance: on the one hand, to reduce interference with DL's data adaptability. On the other hand, to allow the information flow of the model to converge along specific paths toward the target output, thus enabling the potential to gain process insights with limited supervision. Illustrating its application to precipitation‐runoff modeling across the USA, DPL yields an ensemble median Nash‐Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.758 and Kling‐Gupta efficiency of 0.778 with robust transferability, compared to 0.762 and 0.751 for the state‐of‐the‐art DL model. The good match between internal representations of DPL and independent data sets of snow water equivalent and evapotranspiration, along with its superior capability for catchment water budget closures, demonstrates proficient process mastery. The study also highlights beneficial synergies from large‐scale data collaboration, promoting the organic unity of process understanding and predictive performance. This work shows a promising avenue for learning processes from big data and will benefit geoscientific domains that remain concerned with process clarity in the era of AI.
Study on the piezoresistivity of Cr-doped V2O3 thin film for MEMS sensor applications
Authors: Gidts Michiel , Hsu Wei-Fan , Recaman Payo Maria , Kushwaha Shaswat , Ceyssens Frederik , Reynaerts Dominiek , Locquet Jean-Pierre , Kraft Michael , Wang Chen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCr-doped V2O3 thin film shows a huge resistivity change with controlled epitaxial strain at room temperature as a result of a gradual Mott metal-insulator phase transition with strain. This novel piezoresistive transduction principle makes Cr-doped V2O3 thin film an appealing piezoresistive material. To investigate the piezoresistivity of Cr-doped V2O3 thin film for implementation in MEMS sensor applications, the resistance change of differently orientated Cr-doped V2O3 thin film piezoresistors with external strain change was measured. With a longitudinal gauge factor of 222 and a transversal gauge factor of 217 at room temperature, isotropic piezoresistivity coefficients were discovered. This results in a significant orientation-independent resistance change with stress for Cr-doped V2O3 thin film piezoresistors, potentially useful for new sensor applications. To demonstrate the integration of this new piezoresistive material in sensor applications, a micromachined pressure sensor with Cr-doped V2O3 thin film piezoresistors was designed, fabricated and characterized. At 20 °C, a sensitivity, offset, temperature coefficient of sensitivity and temperature coefficient of offset of 21.81 mV/V/bar, -25.73 mV/V, -0.076 mV/V/bar/°C and 0.182 mV/V/°C, respectively, were measured. This work paves the way for further research on this promising piezoresistive transduction principle for use in MEMS sensor applications.
Fabrication and in vivo testing of a sub-mm duckbill valve for hydrocephalus treatment
Authors: Jung Yuna , Gulick Daniel , Blain Christen Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHydrocephalus is characterized by the accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cranium due to an imbalance between production and absorption of CSF. The standard treatment involves the implantation of a shunt to divert excess CSF into the peritoneal cavity, but these shunts exhibit high failure rates over time. In pursuit of improved reliability and performance, this study proposes a miniaturized valve designed to mimic the natural one-way valve function of the arachnoid granulations and thereby replace the shunts. A benchtop testing setup was employed to characterize the behavior of the fabricated valve. Additionally, an animal study was conducted to assess the valve’s in vivo performance. This involved the injection of saline into the lateral ventricle to elevate intracranial pressure (ICP), followed by the drainage of the saline through the valve inserted into the cisterna magna (CM) to reduce pressure. Our prototype features a silicone duckbill valve design combined with a silicone tube as an inlet. Through benchtop testing, the valve exhibited unidirectional flow with negligible reverse leakage, revealing that critical parameters such as the width of the fluid channel (W) and bill length (L) could be controlled to optimize valve performance. Notably, the valve configuration with W= 0.8mm and L < 0.5mm achieved the lowest cracking pressure (2.22 ± 0.07 mmHg) and outflow resistance (22.00 ± 0.70 mmHg/mL/min) within the low cracking pressure range of conventional shunts. Our observations of the in vivo test demonstrated that when untreated states, pressure differences from baseline to peak exceeded 20 mmHg due to the absence of drainage, resulting in sustained pressure elevation. Conversely, upon treating states by removing the clamp, pressure differences from baseline to peak remained below 5 mmHg, indicating effective drainage of injected saline through the valve. These promising results highlight the potential of the miniaturized duckbill valve as an alternative for ICP management in hydrocephalus, offering improved control and reliability compared to conventional shunting systems. Further research is required to evaluate the valve’s performance as a chronic implant.
Root-inspired, template-confined additive printing for fabricating high-robust conformal electronics
Authors: Liu Guifang , Li Xiangming , Qiu Yangfan , Zeng Chuanhang , Zhu Xinkai , Wang Chao , Chen Xiaoliang , Wang Chunhui , Tian Hongmiao , Shao Jinyou 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConformal electronic devices on freeform surface play a critical role in the emerging smart robotics, smart skins, and integrated sensing systems. However, their functional structures such as circuits tend to tear-off, break, or crack under mechanical or thermal influence when in service, thus limiting the application reliability of conformal electronics. Herein, inspired by the tree root system, template-confined additive (TCA) printing technology was presented for reliable fabrication of robust circuits. TCA printing technology involves the penetration of adhesive into the functional material, thereby enhancing the mechanical robustness of the circuits, allowing them to maintain their electrical performance despite the presence of external damaging factors such as scratching, abrasion, folding, and high temperatures. For example, herein, the circuits could withstand mechanical abrasion at temperatures as high as 350 °C without compromising electrical properties. Benefiting from the confines of template, the printed circuits achieved resolutions of up to 300 nm, suitable for various materials such as P(VDF-TrFE), MWCNTs, and AgNPs, which enabled the multi-material self-aligned fabrication. Furthermore, the versatility of TCA printing was presented by fabricating circuits on arbitrary substrates, and realizing various devices, such as conformal temperature/humidity sensing system and epidermal ultra-thin energy storage system. These applications present the significant potential of TCA printing in fabricating intelligent devices.
Lack of dominant-negative activity for tumor-related ZNRF3 missense mutations at endogenous levels
Authors: Li Shanshan , Niu Jiahui , Zhang Ruyi , Massaar Sanne , Neves Cabrita Madalena , van Merode Jenna , de Schipper Nicky , van de Kamp Lisa , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Smits Ron 
Published: December 2024

AbstractZNRF3, a negative regulator of β-catenin signaling, removes Wnt receptors from the membrane. Currently, it is unknown which tumor-associated variants can be considered driver mutations and through which mechanisms they contribute to cancer. Here we show that all truncating mutations analyzed at endogenous levels exhibit loss-of-function, with longer variants retaining partial activity. Regarding missense mutations, we show that 27/82 ZNRF3 variants in the RING and R-Spondin domain structures, lead to (partial) loss-of-function/hyperactivation. Mechanistically, defective R-Spondin domain variants appear to undergo endoplasmic-reticulum-associated degradation due to protein misfolding, leading to reduced protein levels. They fail to reach the membrane correctly, which can be partially restored for several variants by culturing cells at 27 °C. Although RING and R-Spondin domain mutations in RNF43/ZNRF3 are often considered to possess dominant-negative oncogene-like activity in cancers, our findings challenge this notion. When representative variants are heterozygously introduced into endogenous ZNRF3, their impact on β-catenin signaling mirrors that of heterozygous knockout, suggesting that the supposed dominant-negative effect is non-existent. In other words, so-called “hyperactivating” ZNRF3/RNF43 mutations behave as classical loss-of-function mutations at endogenous levels.
Use of Estonian Biobank data and participant recall to improve Wilson’s disease management
Authors: Nurm Miriam , Reigo Anu , Annilo Tarmo , Toomsoo Toomas , Nõukas Margit , Nikopensius Tiit , Pankratov Vasili , Reisberg Tuuli , Hudjashov Georgi ,   Estonian Biobank Research Team, Metspalu Andres , Milani Lili , Esko Tõnu , Mägi Reedik , Nelis Mari , Haller Toomas , Tõnisson Neeme 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPopulation-based biobanks enable genomic screening to support initiatives that prevent disease onset or slow its progression and to estimate the prevalence of genetic diseases in the population. Wilson’s disease (WD) is a rare genetic copper-accumulation disorder for which timely intervention is crucial, as treatment is readily available. We studied WD in the Estonian Biobank population to advance patient screening, swift diagnosis, and subsequent treatment. Combined analysis of genotype and phenotype data from electronic health records (EHRs) consolidated at the Estonian biobank led to the identification of 17 individuals at high risk of developing WD, who were recalled for further examination and deep phenotyping. All recall study participants, regardless of phenotype, age, and prior WD diagnosis, had low serum ceruloplasmin and copper levels, and 87% also exhibited signs of early to late neurodegeneration. The p.His1069Gln variant in ATP7B, a prevalent pathogenic mutation, showed a striking four- to five-fold enrichment in Estonians compared with other populations. Based on our analysis of genetic and nationwide health registry data, we estimate that WD remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in Estonia. Our study demonstrates that personalized medicine, implemented with the collaboration of medical professionals, has the potential to reduce the healthcare burden by facilitating the accurate diagnosis of rare genetic diseases. To our knowledge, this report is the first to describe a large-scale national biobank–based study of WD.
YOLOv7‐PSAFP: Crop pest and disease detection based on improved YOLOv7
Authors: Du Lujia , Zhu Junlong , Liu Muhua , Wang Lin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe detection of pests and diseases in crops is currently a hot topic. The complexity of pest and disease object in the field, combined with inconsistent features across different levels, poses challenges for network detection. Additionally, the complex agricultural production environment tends to generate many interfering negative samples, which significantly complicates pest and disease differentiation. To address these two issues, the YOLOv7‐PSAFP network structure was first proposed. Based on YOLOV7, the progressive Spatial Adaptive Feature Pyramid (PSAFP) was introduced. Second, a combination of the Varifocal Loss and Loss Rank Mining loss functions was used for calculating the object loss, which reduces the interference of useless negative examples during training. On the filtered‐plant‐village‐dataset and rice‐corn pest dataset, the mAP results of YOLOv7‐PSAFP were 84.7 and 93.3, which are 2.9 and 2.1 higher than the baseline model (YOLOv7), respectively. The code for this paper is located at https://github.com/DuLJ72/PSAFP.
Problematizing the Search for the Original
Authors: Najman Hindy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter seeks to problematize without eradicating scholarly tendencies towards a retrospective trajectory which prioritizes attempts to recover original forms of texts. The eighteenth- and nineteenth-century historicist impulse inextricably linked precision of understanding to earliness or first-ness. The quest for originary wholes involves retrospective gaze, restoration to wholeness out of fragments, and philology as objective science; this impulse towards the search for the earliest or the original leads to the disparagement or derogatory characterization of later traditions. Closely linked is the romantic idealization of a mythical past, as seen in the work of Robert Lowth. It was Lowth who recognized the aesthetic values of biblical poetry and demonstrated its merits as equal to Greek or Latin literature. Yet in his idealization of earlier biblical poetry, he neglected or even denigrated texts deemed later, thus contributing, albeit unwittingly, to supersessionist narratives and the interruption of Scripture’s continuing vitality. In contrast, thinking in terms of traditionary processes encompasses both textual formation as retrospective and textual interpretation as prospective, as well as a variety of text-involving practices, individual and communal. This allows us to move beyond the perceived dichotomies of centre and periphery towards understanding Judaism as a vital and dynamic, ever-growing, and emerging tradition of creativity, resilience, imagination, and new ritual.
Between Rewriting and New Scripture
Authors: Najman Hindy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The book of Jubilees serves as an example of a text from the Hellenistic period which participates in Greek and Babylonian thinking while also creating a distinctive narrative for Jewish tradition. While its rewriting tendencies have precedent already in biblical materials, Jubilees demonstrates continuing vitalization by performing radical and innovative new readings that disseminate and transform the scriptural traditions. The process contributes to the growth of Scripture by invoking past traditions which acquire a new context of reading and generating new compositions. This evaluation stands in contrast to labelling the book as ‘rewritten Bible’, which reinforces the canonical and the boundaries between text and interpretation or a form of commentary. Jubilees and other related literature of the Hellenistic Jewish corpus are actively producing new work that goes well beyond rewriting and reinforcing existing Scripture. Pluriformity can be demonstrated by the growth and expansion of a tradition through ongoing writing and thinking about tradition, ultimately contributing to the creation of new Scripture.
The Status of Jubilees in the Hellenistic Period
Authors: Najman Hindy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The influence of the Jubilees tradition appears in numerous texts from the Second Temple period, and its open nature is reflected as it continues to be written across traditions within the period and copied across linguistic registers. Presenting itself as the original first expression of writing, it creates a complex multi-layered claim of authority as it has preserved within it contradictions along with the development of interpretative traditions. Jubilees is itself a reading of texts that in every way participates, extends, and enlivens biblical texts through its compositional practices. Jubilees enters a pre-Sinaitic world by claiming a prior Torah which is primordial and heavenly. This growth of Torah through unravelling this primordial history manifests in several ways. First, there is an underwriting of Scripture itself through citation and retelling. Second, the tradition of Jubilees expands and transforms the biblical narrative. Third, Jubilees itself is part of a larger tradition of materials that continues to be inherited and rewritten, activating the earlier biblical texts and earlier traditions, and embedding them into a new unity.
Memorialized Law in Jubilees
Authors: Najman Hindy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Vitality in the book of Jubilees is ultimately expressed through the rearticulation of a past narrative and a renewed implementation of law. Jubilees memorializes the law through its consistent, precise calculating of the historical progression from primordial times through Sinai. This creates a new framework for the representation and rethinking of Sinai, creation, history, and calendrical calculation. The book reconceives Scripture in a new register which authorizes a new understanding of how one overcomes destruction and exile to envision a new future. The law for Jubilees is the organization of the cosmos, the history of the world—past, present, and future—as well as a way of life that is remembered forward. Memory is constructed through the integration of time and law as precedented in the creation of the world. To remember and to observe the law, especially with respect to the sabbath day, is to recover a perfect past and interweave that past into the present obedience to the law. The inscription of the present and future that are on heavenly tablets collapses time and allows the law and the memory of it to transcend temporal barriers. This work of inscription relocates the reader from a disoriented present (a failed reconstituted temple community in Jerusalem) to a new present. This work of memory and writing inspires a future with hope.
Transformation and the Hodayot
Authors: Najman Hindy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The collection of poetry known as the Hodayot expresses the vitality of Second Temple Judaism in the way the self emerges through processes of transformation and perfectionist aspirations. Reading this collection as part of an emerging Jewish liturgy reveals its role in the creation of new prayer, the philosophical contribution of Hellenistic Judaism and its integration into Hellenistic thinking, and the profound development of thought on the formation of the subject. The sequence of humiliation, repentance, purification, and blessing reflects a theologically coherent, iterative set of themes repeatedly inscribed in the collection that suggest a performative context for prayer. The subject moves from the lowly state of impurity through to atonement and ever-changing purification toward a new self. To accomplish this, human potential is activated by way of speech and utterance, which articulates itself in the recognition of deity in the form of blessing. The blessing is both about the celebration of the creator, but also about the human potential as a kind of new or second self to recognize and confront mortality and human limitations. In description of this process, the language of water used through the collection invokes various dimensions of transformation.
Philosophical Hermeneutics
Authors: Najman Hindy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Hodayot’s forward-moving trajectory constitutes a sustained focus on the relationship between God and the human, which makes the Hodayot one of the first works in Hebrew that we can speak of as biblical theology. The Hodayot as a collection participates in what we could identify as both the biblical and extra-biblical as it looks back towards earlier biblical precedents but also paves the way for new pathways for the performative and liturgical expression of human essence, and liturgical imagination. The Hodayot thus vitalize and revitalize biblical traditions through liturgical idioms which are heavily scripturalized. In reading the Hodayot as an organic whole, we observe that they collapse time in such a way that past and present and future are simultaneous with respect to creation, end-time or death, and the exigencies of the present. This collection can be read as an integrated meditation on the possibility of an emerging self and the ever-aspiring nature of the human towards the creator. The repetition of the various phrases and stages of the self creates a momentum towards improvement and transformation. Reading with this approach reflects on new composition as performance, as creative and innovative composition, and as the growth of biblical tradition itself, an expansion which redefines the period of Second Temple Judaism as a central flashpoint for biblical growth and vitality.
The Chemistry of Milk Components
Authors: Kelly Alan , Fox Patrick , Cogan Tim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The main components of milk, in order of concentration from the highest to lowest, are water, lactose, fat, protein, and mineral salts. The production of dairy products depends very much on the properties of each of these, individually or collectively, and so this chapter discusses the properties of each in turn, including a basic introduction to their chemistry as related to the processing of milk. It describes, for example, the two types of protein in milk, casein and whey proteins, each with very different properties that relate to the production of products as diverse as cheese, yoghurt, and high-value protein supplements.
The Microbiology of Milk
Authors: Kelly Alan , Fox Patrick , Cogan Tim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter reviews the science of microorganisms, particularly bacteria. It begins by explaining what they are and describing their structure and how they are counted and identified. The chapter then goes on to review the structure of nucleic acids, the genetic material of microorganisms as well as the metabolism of microorganisms and various factors affecting their growth. The chapter focuses in particular on the important pathogens that can occur in dairy products, as well as important sources of contamination of raw milk. Microorganisms, called psychrotrophs, which grow at low temperatures, are addressed in particular, given their importance in dairy production.
Starters for Fermented Dairy Products
Authors: Kelly Alan , Fox Patrick , Cogan Tim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces techniques for the production of lactic acid from lactose, which is an important step in the manufacture of fermented dairy products and is carried out by specific species of lactic acid bacteria, called starters. The chapter shows how development and use of these starters is critical for the production of fermented dairy products like cheese and yoghurt. It also considers the historical development of starters, their composition, the role of genetic material and elements called plasmids, how the bacteria metabolize lactose, how they respond to temperature, and the role of viruses that attack starters (bacteriophage).