bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The discriminative power of the ReproQ: a client experience questionnaire in maternity care
Authors: Scheerhagen Marisja , van Stel Henk F. , Franx Arie , Birnie Erwin , Bonsel Gouke J. 
Published: November 2019

Background
The aim of the ReproQuestionnaire (ReproQ) is to measure the client’s experience with maternity care, following WHO’s responsiveness model. To support quality improvement, ReproQ should be able to discriminate best from worst organisational units.

Methods
We sent questionnaires to 27,487 third-trimester pregnant women (response 31%) and to 37,230 women 6 weeks after childbirth (response 39%). For analysis we first summarized the ReproQ domain scores into three summary scores: total score (all eight domains), personal score (four personal domains), and setting score (four setting domains). Second, we estimated the proportion of variance across perinatal units attributable to the ‘actual’ difference across perinatal units using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Third, we assessed the ability of ReproQ to discriminate between perinatal units based on both a statistical approach using multilevel regression analyses, and a relevance approach based on the minimally important difference (MID). Finally, we compared the domain scores of the best and underperforming units.

Results
ICCs ranged between 0.004 and 0.025 for the summary scores, and between 0.002 and 0.125 for the individual domains. ReproQ was able to identify the best and worst performing units with both the statistical and relevance approach. The statistical approach was able to identify four underperforming units during childbirth (total score), while the relevance approach identified 10 underperforming units.

Conclusions
ReproQ, a valid and efficient measure of client experiences in maternity care, has the ability to discriminate well across perinatal units, and is suitable for benchmarking under routine conditions.
Effects of elevated pCO2 and nutrient enrichment on the growth, photosynthesis, and biochemical compositions of the brown alga Saccharina japonica (Laminariaceae, Phaeophyta)
Authors: Chu Yaoyao , Liu Yan , Li Jingyu , Gong Qingli 
Published: November 2019

Ocean acidification and eutrophication are two major environmental issues affecting kelp mariculture. In this study, the growth, photosynthesis, and biochemical compositions of adult sporophytes of Saccharina japonica were evaluated at different levels of pCO2 (400 and 800 µatm) and nutrients (nutrient-enriched and non-enriched seawater). The relative growth rate (RGR), net photosynthetic rate, and all tested biochemical contents (including chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl c, soluble carbohydrates, and soluble proteins) were significantly lower at 800 µatm than at 400 µatm pCO2. The RGR and the contents of Chl a and soluble proteins were significantly higher under nutrient-enriched conditions than under non-enriched conditions. Moreover, the negative effects of the elevated pCO2 level on the RGR, net photosynthetic rate, Chl c and the soluble carbohydrates and proteins contents were synergized by the elevated nutrient availability. These results implied that increased pCO2could suppress the growth and biochemical composition of adult sporophytes of S. japonica. The interactive effects of ocean acidification and eutrophication constitute a great threat to the cultivation of S. japonica due to growth inhibition and a reduction in quality.
Assessment of Fish Farming in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Igoche L. E. , Makwin F. , Akpenseun T. T. , Kaye J. , Oyedapo F. A. 
Published: November 2019

World leaders are making concerted effort to tackle the menace of food insecurity brought about by upsurge in human population, climate change and displacement of farming communities due to civil unrest in some part of the world. This study was undertaken to assess the current status of fish farming in Plateau State and suggest possible ways of ameliorating any observed challenges for increased fish production. The study evaluated the challenges affecting fish farming in the study area.
Structured interview schedule questionnaire were used in sourcing information from nine (9) local government areas in the state. Ninety (90) fish farmers were randomly selected from the nine (9) local governments areas each drawn from the three Agricultural zones of the State. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics.
The findings revealed that majority of the fish farmers 70% were males and between the ages of 21-30 years.
The study also revealed that the major constraints affecting increased level of output in the study area were high cost of inputs (feeds), poor marketing channels, inadequate finance, inadequate access to credit facilities, and poor extension services.
Fish farming in the study area is however, profitable as majority of the farmers made a gross profit margin of above # 501,000.00 per annum.
The study recommends that fish hatcheries and feed mill should be established in the study area and that single digit credit facilities should be granted to interested fish farmers. Also extension services with respect to fish farming should be increased in the study area. A good quality fish market should also be established in the study area to assist the farmers in marketing their produce in order to optimise profit.
Clozapine augmentation strategies
Authors: Roerig James L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Clozapine is established as the gold standard for antipsychotic treatment of patients suffering from treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Over virtually 3 decades, the level of inadequate response to clozapine was found to range from 40% to 60%. A heightened interest developed in the augmentation of clozapine to try to achieve response or maximize partial response. A large variety of drug groups have been investigated. This article focuses on the meta-analyses of these trials to discover reasonable evidence-based approaches to the management of patients not responding to clozapine.
Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Focus on pharmacotherapy
Authors: Ehret Megan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Current clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder offer varying recommendations regarding the use of pharmacotherapy. Many direct head-to-head comparisons of pharmacotherapy are lacking, and recommendations are based on meta-analyses and small trials. While selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are considered first-line pharmacotherapy, clear distinctions do not exist when considering other classes of psychotropic medications. Ultimately, when selecting an appropriate medication for a patient diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder, the clinician needs to consider the current symptomatology being experienced, comorbid conditions, and evidence for efficacy of specific treatments prior to initiating medications.
Use of therapeutic drug monitoring of risperidone microspheres long-acting injection in hemodialysis: A case report
Authors: Tourtellotte Rebecca , Schmidt Robert 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Limited evidence exists for the use of psychiatric medications in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis. Many psychotropic medications are not well-studied in this population, and optimal dosing of these medications is not well-established. Therapeutic drug monitoring is a useful tool in assessing the safety and efficacy of psychotropic medications; however, the use is unclear with long-acting injectable antipsychotics. We present a case of a 73-year-old male initiated on hemodialysis while on risperidone microspheres long-acting injection (RMLAI). Risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone plasma concentrations obtained from this patient were relatively similar before and after initiation of hemodialysis, therefore it appears hemodialysis does not significantly influence clearance of RMLAI. Plasma concentrations in this patient were higher than those reported in the literature for equivalent doses, which may indicate accumulation of the medication secondary to renal impairment.
Cysteine‐Based Biomaterials as Drug Nanocarriers
Authors: Meng Yabin , Han Shuyan , Gu Zhipeng , Wu Jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the past decade, a variety of cysteine‐based multifunctional biomaterials has been successfully developed for drug delivery and proven invaluable in campaigns against human disease. Despite several significant achievements, a systematic investigation of the structure–property relationships in the field of drug delivery has not been performed. In this review, a variety of up‐to‐date literature results are discussed and compiled in which cysteine and its derivatives have been used in the preparation of payload delivery systems for the treatment of human disease. Particular emphasis is placed on the synthesis methods, especially the structure–property relationship for drug delivery and disease therapy. Additionally, this review focuses on recent innovations in redox‐responsive nanocarriers based on cysteine and its derivatives for in vivo drug delivery to achieve a better therapeutic effect. In summary, nanocarriers based on cysteine and its derivatives have the potential to enhance the efficiency of human disease therapy without increasing toxicity.
Tailoring Quantum Tunneling in a Vanadium‐Doped WSe2/SnSe2 Heterostructure
Authors: Fan Sidi , Yun Seok Joon , Yu Woo Jong , Lee Young Hee 
Published: November 2019

Abstract2D van der Waals layered heterostructures allow for a variety of energy band offsets, which help in developing valuable multifunctional devices. However, p–n diodes, which are typical and versatile, are still limited by the material choice due to the fixed band structures. Here, the vanadium dopant concentration is modulated in monolayer WSe2 via chemical vapor deposition to demonstrate tunable multifunctional quantum tunneling diodes by vertically stacking SnSe2 layers at room temperature. This is implemented by substituting tungsten atoms with vanadium atoms in WSe2 to provoke the p‐type doping effect in order to efficiently modulate the Fermi level. The precise control of the vanadium doping concentration is the key to achieving the desired quantum tunneling diode behaviors by tuning the proper band alignment for charge transfer across the heterostructure. By constructing a p–n diode for p‐type V‐doped WSe2 and heavily degenerate n‐type SnSe2, the type‐II band alignment at low V‐doping concentration is clearly shown, which evolves into the type‐III broken‐gap alignment at heavy V‐doping concentration to reveal a variety of diode behaviors such as forward diode, backward diode, negative differential resistance, and ohmic resistance.
Occupational injury surveillance pyramid description and association of medical care utilization with low income among work‐related injuries
Authors: Huang Zhenna , Friedman Lee S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundA more comprehensive characterization of total work‐related injury burden would ideally include all levels of medical care. Additionally, studies have suggested differential utilization of medical care among various socioeconomic groups, and it is unclear how this translates to work‐related injuries.MethodsThe 2004‐2016 National Health Interview Survey data were used to estimate all levels of care utilized by the individual for each injury episode. A multivariable logistic regression model based on 2004‐2014 data was developed to investigate the relationship of low income and level of medical care used by the injured worker.ResultsAround 53.1% of occupational injury were exclusively treated outside of a hospital setting and never captured by hospital/emergency department data systems, which comprises 40% (3.0 million) of total missed days of work and 44% ($452 million) of total cost of lost productivity among full‐time workers. Patients with work‐related injuries are less likely to stay overnight in hospital compared with those with nonwork‐related injuries (adjusted odds ration [aOR]: 0.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5‐0.7), however among work‐related injuries, low‐income patients are more likely to use medical care in a hospital setting compared with patients with income higher than poverty threshold (hospitalization: aOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1‐3.3; emergency room: aOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1‐2.0).ConclusionsThese “minor work‐related injuries” exclusively treated outside hospital tend to be ignored when defining national injury prevention priorities, but this analysis indicates that such an approach fails to capture a large portion of injuries significant enough to result in missed days of work and cost of lost productivity.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Domino Process to Construct 2,3,9,9a‐Tetrahydro‐1H‐Fluorene Derivatives:Transient σ‐Alkylpalladium(II) Complex Mediated C(sp2)‐H Bond Activation
Authors: Chi Xiaochen , Meng Long , Pang Qingyang , Guo Lianfeng , Liu Qing , Zhao Pingping , Zhang Daopeng , Sun Fenggang , Li Xinjin , Liu Hui 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed cascade reaction involving domino Heck/intramolecular C−H arylation to construct 2,3,9,9a‐tetrahydro‐1H‐fluorene derivatives was developed. Products are obtained in moderate to excellent yields. The transient σ‐alkylpalladium(II) complex is the key intermediate, which mediates the C(sp2)‐H bond activation via a six‐metallacycle. According to a transient σ‐alkylpalladium(II) complex, the control experiment demonstrates that β‐H elimination is faster than C−H activation. The methodology shows high chemoselectivity and good functional group tolerance.
Perioperative Blood Transfusion and Occurrence of Surgical Site Infection: An Integrative Review
Authors: Mantoani Camila Cristina , Margatho Amanda Salles , Dantas Rosana Aparecida Spadoti , Galvão Cristina Maria , de Campos Pereira Silveira Renata Cristina 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe aim of this integrative review was to locate, assess, and synthesize available evidence of the relationship between perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion and the occurrence of surgical site infection among adult patients undergoing elective surgery. After a comprehensive search of relevant databases and a review of the studies this yielded, we used a validated instrument to extract data from the 25 studies in our final sample. The clinical and surgical variables that were significantly and more frequently associated with the occurrence of surgical site infection among patients who received blood transfusions during the perioperative period were female sex, older age, and higher body mass index. Our findings indicate a lack of consensus on the hemoglobin levels that indicate a blood transfusion is necessary.
Aussteifung von Gebäuden – Einfluss der Modellierung des Kellergeschosses auf die Schnittkräfte und Verformungen von aussteifenden Stahlbetonwänden
Authors: Zahn Franz A. , Gritsch Simon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIm vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Einfluss der Modellierung des Kellergeschosses auf die Querkraft und die Verformungen von im Kellergeschoss eingespannten Stahlbeton‐Aussteifungswänden untersucht. Der Querkraftverlauf der Wand und die Verschiebung am Kopf der Wand werden mit den entsprechenden, am vereinfachten Kragwandmodell ermittelten Werten verglichen, bei dem die Wand auf Höhe der Kellerdecke voll eingespannt ist und die Weiterleitung der Schnittkräfte im Kellergeschoss nicht näher betrachtet wird. Für die Berücksichtigung des Kellergeschosses wird zunächst eine gelenkige Festhaltung durch die Kellerdecke und die Bodenplatte betrachtet, wodurch sich eine unrealistisch große Wandquerkraft im Kellergeschoss ergibt. Danach wird ein verfeinertes Modell mit Teileinspannung in der Bodenplatte und nachgiebiger Halterung durch die Kellerdecke untersucht. Es werden Empfehlungswerte für die Federkonstante der Drehfeder auf Höhe der Bodenplatte und der horizontalen Translationsfeder auf Höhe der Kellerdecke angegeben, die in der Praxis Anwendung finden können. Es wird besonders der Frage nachgegangen, welche Einflüsse die Berücksichtigung des Kellergeschosses bei der Erdbebenbemessung der Aussteifungswände hat. Dabei wird einerseits die Systemsteifigkeit, von der die Erdbebenersatzlasten abhängen, und andererseits die mögliche Verschiebungsduktilität, von der der mögliche Verhaltensbeiwert q abhängt, betrachtet.
A Lipophilic 4‐Phenylbutyric Acid Derivative That Prevents Aggregation and Retention of Misfolded Proteins
Authors: Azoulay‐Ginsburg Salome , Trobiani Laura , Setini Andrea , Favaloro Flores Lietta , Giorda Ezio , Jacob Avi , Hauschner Hagit , Levy Laura , Cestra Gianluca , De Jaco Antonella , Gruzman Arie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChemical chaperones prevent protein aggregation. However, the use of chemical chaperones as drugs against diseases due to protein aggregation is limited by the very high active concentrations (mm range) required to mediate their effect. One of the most common chemical chaperones is 4‐phenylbutyric acid (4‐PBA). Despite its unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties, 4‐PBA was approved as a drug to treat ornithine cycle diseases. Here, we report that 2‐isopropyl‐4‐phenylbutanoic acid (5) has been found to be 2–10‐fold more effective than 4‐PBA in several in vitro models of protein aggregation. Importantly, compound 5 reduced the secretion rate of autism‐linked Arg451Cys Neuroligin3 (R451C NLGN3).
Construction of Biaryls from Aryl Sulfoxides and Anilines by Means of a Sigmatropic Rearrangement
Authors: Yanagi Tomoyuki , Nogi Keisuke , Yorimitsu Hideki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Hideki Yorimitsu and colleagues at Kyoto University. The image depicts the sigmatropic rearrangement of aryl sulfoxides and anilines to form biaryls. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201903570.
Photoswitchable Norbornadiene–Quadricyclane Interconversion Mediated by Covalently Linked C60
Authors: Lorenz Patrick , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe synthesis and properties of various norbornadiene/quadricyclane (NBD/QC) fullerene hybrids are reported. By cyclopropanation of C60 with malonates carrying the NBD scaffold a small library of NBD–fullerene monoadducts and NBD–fullerene hexakisadducts was established. The substitution pattern of the NBD scaffold, as well as the electron affinity of the fullerene core within these hybrid systems, has a pronounced impact on the properties of the corresponding energy rich QC derivatives. Based on this, the first direct photoisomerization of NBD–fullerene hybrids to their QC derivatives was achieved. Furthermore, it was possible to use the redox‐active fullerene core of a QC–fullerene monoadduct to enable the back reaction to form the corresponding NBD–fullerene monoadduct. Combining these two processes enables switching between NBD and QC simply by changing the irradiation wavelength between 310 and 400 nm. Therefore, turning this usually photo/thermal switch into a pure photoswitch. This not only simplifies the investigation of the underlying processes of the NBD–QC interconversion within the system, but also renders such hybrids interesting for applications as molecular switches.
Boosting Supercapacitor Performance of Graphene by Coupling with Nitrogen‐Doped Hollow Carbon Frameworks
Authors: Wang Man , Yang Juan , Jia Kaili , Liu Siyu , Hu Chao , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGraphene as a suitable electrode has been extensively used for electrochemical double‐layer capacitors based on its excellent properties, including high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area. However, one of the drawbacks is the unavoidable stacking tendency between the graphene nanosheets, resulting in limited electrochemically specific surface area. Herein, novel graphene nanosheets supported by hollow nitrogen‐doped carbon frameworks derived from ZIF‐8 (GPNC) were fabricated through a simple polyethyleneimine (PEI)‐assisted pyrolysis strategy, to boost capacitance performance. Benefiting from the unique scaffold/support role of hollow nitrogen‐doped carbon frameworks within the graphene interlayer, the GPNC with a large specific surface area, along with ample micropore/mesopore channels and high nitrogen content, is capable of facilitating electron and electrolyte ion migration kinetics and enhancing intrinsic electrochemical activity. Thus, the GPNC exhibits the highest charge storage of 218 F g−1 and superior rate capability of 74 % when the current density increased from 0.5 to 20 Ag−1 in comparison to pristine graphene and common ZIF‐derived carbon/graphene electrodes. The assembled GPNC//GPNC two‐electrode system further delivers a maximum power of 9080 Wkg−1 with outstanding electrochemical retention of 84 % over 10 000 cycles.
Photoinduced Generation of Superoxidants for the Oxidation of Substrates with High C−H Bond Dissociation Energies
Authors: Sharma Namita , Lee Yong‐Min , Nam Wonwoo , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOxidation of substrates, such as methane, with large C−H bond dissociation energies usually requires harsh reaction conditions, such as high temperature and pressure. The use of photoexcited states of oxidants enables the oxidation of substrates which would otherwise be unable to react thermally. This Review focuses on photoinduced generation of strong inorganic and organic oxidants, which enables the oxidation of substrates with strong C−H bonds. For example, photoexcitation of a CeIV‐alkoxide complex results in the cleavage of Ce−O bond to produce an alkoxyl radical, which can abstract a hydrogen atom from methane to afford a methyl radical, leading to amination of methane with tert‐butyloxycarbonyl (Boc)‐protected monomethylhydrazine. Hydrogen atom abstraction from alkanes also occurs induced by the photoexcited state of tetrabutylammonium decatungstate, leading to alkylations and acylation of both aromatic and aliphatic N‐tosylimines. Photoexcitation of Bi‐ and V‐containing beta zeolites also results in hydrogen atom abstraction from methane to produce methanol at ambient temperature. The photoexcited state of a manganese(IV)‐oxo complex binding with two Sc3+ ions has a surprisingly long lifetime (6.4 μs), and is able to oxidize benzene to produce phenol. Chlorine radicals, that can be generated by photoinduced oxidation of chloride ion by the photoexcited states of oxidants or by photoexcitation of a chlorine dioxide radical, abstracts a hydrogen atom from alkanes including methane to produce alkyl radicals, which can be converted to the oxygenated products. Photoinduced oxidation of methane was also made possible by mixing photosystem II (PSII) and the membrane fraction of a particular form of methane monooxygenase. A PSII model reaction has been achieved by using p‐benzoquinone derivatives as plastoquinone analogues with a non‐heme FeII catalyst in the presence of H2O under photoirradiation, to yield dioxygen with the corresponding hydroquinone derivatives.