bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning from Workaround Practices: the Challenge of Enterprise System Implementations in Multinational Corporations
Authors: Malaurent Julien , Karanasios Stan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBased on a four‐year longitudinal case study of a French multinational corporation (MNC) this research explains how a global enterprise system, initially designed to provide greater control by headquarters across its MNC sites, led to the emergence of unexpected practices – known as workarounds – in its Chinese subsidiaries. Drawing on concepts from activity theory our findings provide greater theoretical understanding of workarounds in three ways. First, users are involved in collectively constructing and implementing workaround practices rather than simply being passive users or reduced to the dichotomous framing of ‘accepting’ or ‘rejecting’ an information system. Workarounds are not simple individual user improvizations but are collectively developed and become unofficial local rules. Second, workarounds are part of learning which goes beyond the view of workarounds as deviant and non‐compliant behavior. Third, learning activities are not restricted to users and their practices. Rather, as we demonstrate learning and evolution take place between the users, managers, processes and the system; that is, workarounds are not only a critical part of ‘getting work done’ but also an integral part of the institutionalization of an enterprise system.
The association between salt intake and arterial stiffness is influenced by a sex‐specific mediating effect through blood pressure in normotensive adults: The ELSA‐Brasil study
Authors: Baldo Marcelo P. , Brant Luisa C. C. , Cunha Roberto S. , Molina Maria del Carmen B. , Griep Rosane H. , Barreto Sandhi M. , Lotufo Paulo Andrade , Bensenor Isabela M. , Mill José G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh salt intake is known to increase blood pressure (BP) and also to be associated with carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cf‐PWV). However, recent data showed a sex‐specific pattern in the salt‐induced rise of BP. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether the association between salt intake and arterial stiffness also has a sex‐specific pattern. A total of 7755 normotensive participants with a validated 12‐h overnight urine collection in which daily salt intake was estimated were included. cf‐PWV, as well as clinical and anthropometric parameters, was measured. Salt intake positively correlated with cf‐PWV, in which the linear regression was steeper in women than in men (0.0199 ± 0.0045 vs 0.0326 ± 0.0052 m/s per gram of salt, P < .05). cf‐PWV increases over the salt quartiles in men and women. However, after adjustment for confounders, the association remained significant only for men. In the path analysis, the direct path (men: 0.048 P < .001, women: 0.029 P = .028) was higher in men while that mediated by SBP (men: 0.020 P < .001, women: 0.034 P < .001) was higher in women. We clearly demonstrated that high salt intake has a direct and independent effect increasing arterial stiffness regardless of sex. Also, the association between salt intake and arterial stiffness is more dependent on BP in normotensive women than it is in normotensive men. These results highlight the need for a sex‐specific approach in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk associated with dietary habits.
Fracture resistance of teeth restored with endocrowns: An in vitro study
Authors: Turkistani Ahmed A. , Dimashkieh Mohiddin , Rayyan Mohammed 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to evaluate the fracture resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated teeth restored with lithium disilicate endocrowns of different crown thicknesses.Materials and MethodsA total of 30 endodontically treated permanent mandibular first molars were sectioned horizontally 2 mm above the highest point of the cemento‐enamel junction. The specimens were divided into three groups, and each group was restored with lithium disilicate (IPS e‐max press) endocrowns of different crown thicknesses (3, 4.5, and 6 mm, respectively). After cementation, specimens were stored in room temperature for 72 hours, followed by subjecting them to compressive strength testing until failure. The fracture loads and the failure mode were recorded. Statistically analysis was performed using one‐way analysis of variance.ResultsA statistically significant difference was found in the fracture resistance between the three groups with the highest fracture resistance in the 3 mm group, followed by the 4.5 mm group, and the least in the 6 mm group (P < .05). Most of the failures were accompanied with tooth fracture (90% in 3 mm group, 100% in 4.5 mm group, and 80% in 6 mm group).ConclusionsIncreasing the crown thickness of the endocrowns reduced the fracture resistance of restored teeth. Minimum fracture loads for all teeth restored with endocrowns were significantly higher than the maximum occlusal forces reported in the literature.Clinical SignificanceFracture resistance and mode of failure of lithium disilicate (IPS e‐max press) endocrowns varies widely between crown thicknesses. Clinicians should be cautious with crown thickness for endocrown restorations.
Review of infectious agent occurrence in wild salmonids in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Jia Beibei , Delphino Marina K. V. C. , Awosile Babafela , Hewison Tim , Whittaker Patrick , Morrison Diane , Kamaitis Mykolas , Siah Ahmed , Milligan Barry , Johnson Stewart C. , Gardner Ian A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWild Pacific salmonids (WPS) are economically and culturally important to the Pacific North region. Most recently, some populations of WPS have been in decline. Of hypothesized factors contributing to the decline, infectious agents have been postulated to increase the risk of mortality in Pacific salmon. We present a literature review of both published journal and unpublished data to describe the distribution of infectious agents reported in wild Pacific salmonid populations in British Columbia (BC), Canada. We targeted 10 infectious agents, considered to potentially cause severe economic losses in Atlantic salmon or be of conservation concern for wild salmon in BC. The findings indicated a low frequency of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, piscine orthoreovirus, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, Aeromonas salmonicida, Renibacterium salmoninarum, Piscirickettsia salmonis and other Rickettsia‐like organisms, Yersinia ruckeri, Tenacibaculum maritimum and Moritella viscosa. No positive results were reported for infestations with Paramoeba perurans in peer‐reviewed papers and the DFO Fish Pathology Program database. This review synthesizes existing information, as well as gaps therein, that can support the design and implementation of a long‐term surveillance programme of infectious agents in wild salmonids in BC.
Response surface methodology can be used to predict photoinactivation of foodborne pathogens using Rose Bengal excited by 530 nm LED
Authors: dos Santos Adriele R. , da Silva Alex F. , de Freitas Camila F. , da Silva Marcos V. , Bona Evandro , Nakamura Celso V. , Hioka Noboru , Mikcha Jane M. G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this work, the photodynamic bactericidal effect of Rose Bengal (RB), combined with green LED light, against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium, was investigated. The interaction of RB concentration and illumination time was evaluated using a response surface methodology, and a second‐order polynomial empirical model was adjusted to the experimental data. The derived model predicted the combined influences of these factors on S. aureus and S. Typhimurium counts, in accordance with predictions and experimental observations (R2 = 0.8483 and p = .0013 for S. aureus; R2 = 0.9191 and p = .0001 for S. Typhimurium). Total inhibition of S. aureus and S. Typhimurium was observed when applying a light dose of 0.125 J cm−2 and 152.0 J cm−2, respectively. The treatments also showed loss of membrane integrity, morphological changes, and internal cell structural alterations. In sum, the polynomial model developed could provide accurate information on the combined influences of RB and green LED light in aPDT treatment and, that this combination was able to inactivate S. aureus and S. Typhimurium.
The effects of prosthetic status and dementia on the chewing efficiency of seniors in nursing homes
Authors: Klotz Anna‐Luisa , Ehret Judith , Zajac Melania , Schwindling Franz Sebastian , Hassel Alexander Jochen , Rammelsberg Peter , Zenthöfer Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe oral health of seniors in nursing homes is compromised. Furthermore, reduced chewing efficiency is described to be associated with reduced cognition. However, studies investigating how prosthetic status affects the chewing efficiency of nursing home residents are not available.ObjectiveTo evaluate associations between prosthetic status, dementia and chewing efficiency of seniors in nursing homes.MethodsThis study was performed in nine nursing homes. In addition to assessing the general and medical data of the participants, a dental examination was assessed and the severity of dementia was evaluated by use of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). Furthermore, chewing efficiency was assessed by use of a two‐colour mixing ability test. Descriptive and bivariate statistics, as well as linear regression models with the dependent variable chewing efficiency and possible confounders, were used to analyse data at P < .05.ResultsComplete target variables of 146 participants were analysed. The mean (SD) chewing efficiency of the study sample, as expressed by the variance of hue, was .590 (.250). The type of prosthesis used (P < .001), the number of occluding tooth pairs (P < .001) and the presence of dementia (P = .002) were the main variables significantly affecting chewing efficiency. The condition of removable dentures also had an effect (P = .016). Multivariate testing predominantly confirmed these associations.ConclusionThe chewing efficiency of seniors in nursing homes is somewhat compromised. Beyond dental aspects, suffering from dementia seems to reduce the chewing efficiency. Further interventional/longitudinal studies are, however, encouraged to verify this outcome.
The Perils of Explaining Climate Inaction in Terms of Psychological Barriers
Authors: Schmitt Michael T. , Neufeld Scott D. , Mackay Caroline M. L. , Dys‐Steenbergen Odilia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs awareness of climate change and its consequences increases, many have asked, “Why aren't people taking action?” Some psychologists have provided an answer that we describe as a “psychological barriers explanation” (PBE). The PBE suggests that human nature is limited in ways that create psychological barriers to taking action on climate change. Taking a critical social psychology approach (e.g., Adams, 2014), we offer a critique of the PBE, arguing that locating the causes of inaction at the psychological level promotes a misrepresentation of human nature as static and disconnected from context. Barriers to environmental action certainly exist, and most if not all involve psychological processes. However, locating the barrier itself at the psychological level ignores the complex interplay between psychological tendencies, social relations, and social structures. We consider the ways in which psychological responses to climate change are contingent upon social‐structural context, with particular attention to the ways unequal distributions of power have allowed elites to block climate action, in part by using their power to influence societal beliefs and norms. In conclusion, we suggest that psychologists interested in climate (in)action expand their scope beyond individual consumer behaviors to include psychological questions that challenge existing power relations and raise the possibility of transformative social change.
Human perception of fresh produce treated with grape seed extract: A preliminary study
Authors: Hollis Francine H. , Denney Samuel , Halfacre Justice , Jackson Timothy , Link Amber , Orr DeNisha 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNatural antimicrobials, such as grape seed extract (GSE), have been investigated for their efficacy against spoilage microorganisms and foodborne pathogens linked to foodborne illness outbreaks associated with raw and minimally processed fruits and vegetables. While many natural antimicrobial efficacy studies fail to include sensory testing, one critical factor that must be addressed when considering the potential use or application of natural antimicrobials is their impact on sensory perception. The objectives of this study were to determine how GSE modifies perceived sensory characteristics of raw carrots, grapes, kale, and spinach and to assess consumer liking of GSE‐treated fresh produce. Participants (n = 71) evaluated appearance, texture, aroma, and taste characteristics and indicated their overall liking for the selected produce. No significant differences were found among sensory characteristics for treated and untreated carrots, grapes, and spinach. GSE‐treated kale was found to have a significantly stronger aroma and darker color than untreated kale.Practical ApplicationsNatural antimicrobials are increasingly being applied to minimally processed foods including fresh produce as a food safety intervention strategy against spoilage microorganisms and foodborne pathogens. Many research studies investigate the efficacy of natural antimicrobials but fail to incorporate sensory testing to ensure that they do not directly or indirectly alter perceived sensory characteristics, such as appearance, texture, and flavor. Research results will aid food processors of minimally processed foods by (a) providing insight as to how consumers perceive fresh produce treated with natural antimicrobials and (b) increasing awareness and understanding of the effect of natural antimicrobials on perceived sensory characteristics of fresh produce. Grape seed extract (i.e., 1 mg/1 ml) may be applied to fresh produce, specifically carrots, grapes, and spinach, without significantly altering appearance, texture, aroma, and taste characteristics. This study demonstrated the importance of conducting sensory testing for natural antimicrobials; results suggest that observed sensory impacts may be produce‐specific.
Increased plasma melatonin in presymptomatic Huntington disease sheep (Ovis aries): Compensatory neuroprotection in a neurodegenerative disease?
Authors: Morton A. Jennifer , Middleton Benita , Rudiger Skye , Bawden C. Simon , Kuchel Timothy R. , Skene Debra J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMelatonin is a pleiotrophic hormone, synthesised primarily by the pineal gland under the control of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). It not only provides a hormonal signal of darkness but also has neuroprotective properties. Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by abnormal motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. There is growing evidence, particularly from animal models, that circadian rhythms may also be disturbed in HD. We measured two circadian‐regulated hormones, melatonin and cortisol, in plasma samples collected around‐the‐clock from normal and presymptomatic transgenic HD sheep (Ovis aries) at 5 and 7 years of age, to assess SCN‐driven rhythms and the effect of genotype, sex and age. Melatonin‐related precursors and metabolites (tryptophan, serotonin, kynurenine) were also measured by liquid chromatography (LC)‐mass spectrometry (MS). At 5 years of age in both rams and ewes, plasma melatonin levels were significantly elevated in HD sheep. In ewes measured 2 years later, there was still a significant elevation of nocturnal melatonin. Furthermore, the daytime baseline levels of melatonin were significantly higher in HD sheep. Since increased melatonin could have global beneficial effects on brain function, we suggest that the increased melatonin measured in presymptomatic HD sheep is part of an autoprotective response to mutant huntingtin toxicity that may account, at least in part, for the late onset of disease that characterises HD.
A regularity structure for rough volatility
Authors: Bayer Christian , Friz Peter K. , Gassiat Paul , Martin Jorg , Stemper Benjamin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new paradigm has emerged recently in financial modeling: rough (stochastic) volatility. First observed by Gatheral et al. in high‐frequency data, subsequently derived within market microstructure models, rough volatility captures parsimoniously key‐stylized facts of the entire implied volatility surface, including extreme skews (as observed earlier by Alòs et al.) that were thought to be outside the scope of stochastic volatility models. On the mathematical side, Markovianity and, partially, semimartingality are lost. In this paper, we show that Hairer's regularity structures, a major extension of rough path theory, which caused a revolution in the field of stochastic partial differential equations, also provide a new and powerful tool to analyze rough volatility models.
Porphyromonas gingivalis genes conferring fitness in a tobacco‐rich environment
Authors: Hutcherson Justin A. , Gogenini Himabindu , Lamont Gwyneth J. , Miller Daniel P. , Nowakowska Zuzanna , Lasica Anna M. , Liu Chengcheng , Potempa Jan , Lamont Richard J. , Yoder‐Himes Deborah , Scott David A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSmokers are more likely than non‐smokers to harbour Porphyromonas gingivalis, they are more susceptible to destructive periodontal disease and smokers may, ultimately, benefit from tobacco‐specific preventive and treatment strategies. A Mariner transposon insertion library for P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 was exploited to define 256 genes as essential for P. gingivalis survival in a tobacco‐rich environment. Genes whose products play roles in protein transport and catabolism, nicotinamide processing, protection against oxidative stress, drug resistance, and transcriptional regulation have all been identified as essential for CSE survival. Many of these tobacco‐essential genes are also requisite for epithelial colonization and abscess formation, suggestive of a core stress‐related P. gingivalis genome. Single‐gene deletions in several of the TnSeq‐implicated genes led to significantly reduced P. gingivalis fitness upon competition with the parent strain, under conditions of cigarette smoke extract‐induced stress (1,000 ng/ml nicotine equivalents). This study identifies, for the first time, a subset of P. gingivalis genes required for surviving the plethora of insults present in cigarette smoke. Such conditionally essential genes may delineate bacterial persistence strategies and represent novel therapeutic foci for the prevention of P. gingivalis infection and related diseases in smokers and in general.
Origin of blocky aragonite cement in Cenozoic glaciomarine sediments, McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
Authors: Yang Mingyu , Frank Tracy D. , Fielding Christopher R. , Smith Megan E. , Swart Peter K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInorganic aragonite occurs in a wide spectrum of depositional environments and its precipitation is controlled by complex physio‐chemical factors. This study investigates diagenetic conditions that led to aragonite cement precipitation in Cenozoic glaciomarine deposits of McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. A total of 42 sandstones that host intergranular cement were collected from the CIROS‐1 core, located proximal to the terminus of Ferrar Glacier. Standard petrography, Raman spectroscopy and electron microprobe analysis reveal a prominent aragonite cement phase that occurs as a pore‐filling blocky fabric throughout the core. Oxygen isotope compositions (δ18O = −30·0 to −8·6‰ Vienna Pee‐Dee Belemnite) and clumped isotope temperatures (TΔ47 = 13·1 to 31·5°C) determined from the aragonite cements provide precise constraints on isotopic compositions (δ18Ow) of the parent fluid, which mostly range from −10·8 to −7·2‰ Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water. The fluid δ18Ow values are consistent with those of pore water, previously identified as cryogenic brine in the nearby AND‐2A core. Petrographic and geochemical data suggest that aragonite cement in the CIROS‐1 core precipitated from a similar brine. The brine likely formed and infiltrated sediments in flooded glacial valleys along the western margin of McMurdo Sound during the middle Miocene Climatic Transition, and subsequently flowed basinward in the subsurface. Consequently, the brine forms as a longstanding subsurface fluid that has saturated Cenozoic sediments below southern McMurdo Sound since at least the middle Miocene. Aragonite cementation in the CIROS‐1 core is interpreted to reflect its proximal position to sites of brine formation and greater likelihood of experiencing brines with sustained high carbonate saturation states and Mg/Ca ratios. This unusual occurrence expands the range of known natural occurrences of aragonite cement. Given the potential for cryogenic brine formation in glaciomarine settings, blocky aragonite, as the end member of the spectrum of aragonite cement morphology, may be more widespread in glaciomarine sediments than currently thought.
Blood derived treatment from two allogeneic sources for severe dry eye associated to keratopathy: a multicentre randomised cross over clinical trial
Authors: Campos Emilio , Versura Piera , Buzzi Marina , Fontana Luigi , Giannaccare Giuseppe , Pellegrini Marco , Lanconelli Nico , Brancaleoni Alessandra , Moscardelli Fabiana , Sebastiani Stefano , Vaselli Cristiana , Randi Vanda 
Published: November 2019

AimTo compare the efficacy of cord blood and peripheral adult donor blood serum eyedrops, controlled for growth factor content, in the treatment of severe dry eye diseases (DED) resistant to conventional therapy.MethodsThis was a multicentre randomised, double-masked, cross-over clinical trial. Sixty patients diagnosed as severe DED, associated to persistent corneal epithelial defects were randomised and equally assigned to group A (treated with cord blood serum (CBS)) or group B (treated with PBS), eyedrops administered eight times/day for 1 month. Primary outcome was the pretreatment and post-treatment change in corneal fluorescein staining. Secondary outcomes included the pretreatment and post-treatment change in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of subjective symptoms, Schirmer I test, tear break-up time and conjunctival staining. Patients with relapse in signs or symptoms after further 2 months switched to the remaining group for one additional month. Data were statistically analysed (p<0.05).ResultsCorneal staining was more significantly reduced after the CBS treatment, both VAS and OSDI score reduction was observed in both groups, but group A reported significantly less grittiness and pain. Nineteen patients shifted in the crossover period, the within individual comparison confirmed a better recovery in the CBS treatment period. Reduction in epithelial damage was positively associated with epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factorα and platelet-derived growth factor content. Levels of interleukins (IL-13) were positively associated with symptom decrease.ConclusionsOverall, DED signs improved after both CBS and PBS treatments, with potential advantages of CBS for subjective symptoms and corneal damage reduction.Clinical trial registrationNCT03064984.