bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic generalized epilepsies with frontal lesions mimicking migratory disorders on the epilepsy monitoring unit
Authors: Fauser Susanne , Cloppenborg Thomas , Polster Tilman , Specht Ulrich , Woermann Friedrich G. , Bien Christian G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveSome patients with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) may present with ambiguous and atypical findings and even focal brain abnormalities. Correct diagnosis may therefore be difficult.MethodsWe retrospectively collected six patients investigated on the epilepsy monitoring unit with MRI abnormalities mimicking focal cortical dysplasia (FCD‐like) or heterotopias, but with semiology and EEG features of GGE. We compared them to four additional patients with GGE and nonmigratory abnormalities.ResultsAll six patients presented with frontal MRI lesions: radial (“transmantle,” n = 4), cortical‐subcortical (n = 1), and periventricular heterotopia (n = 1). Five had positive family histories. Semiologic lateralizing signs compatible with the lesion were seen in four. Five patients had 3/s spike‐wave complexes, with an asymmetric appearance in three. Regional EEG changes matched with the side of the abnormality in three patients. Invasive EEG (n = 2) or postoperative outcomes (n = 3) argued against an ictogenic role of the MRI abnormalities. Histology showed mild malformation of cortical development, but no focal cortical dysplasia. The six patients were finally diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (n = 2), juvenile absence epilepsy (n = 2), or GGE not further specified (nfs, n = 2). Compared to these patients, the other four (final diagnoses: childhood absence epilepsy, n = 1; perioral myoclonia with absences, n = 1; and GGE nfs, n = 2) had no lateralizing EEG findings.SignificancePatients with GGE may have coincidental MRI abnormalities. These cases are challenging as frontal epilepsy and GGE can present with similar semiologies. GGE with coincidental FCD‐like lesions/heterotopias is in particular difficult to diagnose as patients have more lateralizing features (in semiology and EEG) than those with tumors. A detailed noninvasive presurgical evaluation may be justified. We point out red flags that may help to distinguish GGE from frontal epilepsy, even in the presence of brain abnormalities: 3/s spike waves (even if asymmetric), changing lateralizing signs at different times, and a positive family history hinting at GGE.
Bidirectional shaking table tests of a low‐cost friction sliding system with flat‐inclined surfaces
Authors: Brito Miguel B. , Akiyama Mitsuyoshi , Ichikawa Yoshitaka , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Honda Riki , Ishigaki Naomitsu 
Published: February 2020

SummaryA novel low‐cost friction sliding system for bidirectional excitation is developed to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers. The sliding system is a spherical prototype developed by combining a central flat surface with an inclined spherical segment, characterized by stable oscillation and a large reduction in response accelerations on the flat surface. The inclined part provides a restoring force that limits the residual displacements of the system. Conventional steel and concrete are employed to construct a flat‐inclined spherical surface atop an RC pier. The seismic forces are dissipated through the frictions generated during the sliding movements; hence, the seismic resilience of bridges can be ensured with a low‐cost design solution. The proposed system is fabricated utilizing a mold created by a three‐dimensional printer, which facilitates the use of conventional concrete to construct spherical shapes. The concrete surface is lubricated with a resin material to prevent abrasion from multiple input ground motions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the system, bidirectional shaking table tests are conducted in the longitudinal and transverse directions of a scaled bridge model. The effect of the inclination angle and the flat surface size is investigated. The results demonstrate a large decrease in response acceleration when the system exhibits circular sliding displacement. Furthermore, the inclination angle that generates the smallest residual displacement is identified experimentally.
Fuel economy and exhaust emissions of a diesel vehicle under real traffic conditions
Authors: Gao Jianbing , Chen Haibo , Dave Kaushali , Chen Junyan , Jia Dongyao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTraffic and vehicle simulations are often developed individually. However, vehicle performance is heavily affected by traffic conditions. Cosimulations of traffic and vehicle under real‐road situations can reflect the semi‐real‐world performance of vehicles, with traffic conditions being taken into considerations. This paper proposed an approach to combine the traffic and vehicle simulations that are realized by simulation of urban mobility (SUMO) and GT‐Suite software, respectively. In this paper, the sensitivities of the road grade and vehicle speed to the fuel economy and exhaust emissions were investigated; vehicle fuel consumption and regular exhaust emissions on a real‐road were analyzed; the effect of the traffic accident and congestions on fuel consumption and exhaust emissions were quantified. The results indicated that nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot emission were consistent with fuel consumption rate, which was dominated by vehicle acceleration whose effect was aggravated by road grade. The fuel penalties caused by accident were in the range of 0.015‐0.023 kg depending on the severity of the accidents. The fuel consumption increased from 1.199 to 1.312 kg and 1.559 kg for 900 and 1800 vehicles/h traffic flow cases compared with 180 vehicles/h traffic flow.
Growth and influence of a porous iron oxide nanolayer on LiMn2O4 in an aqueous rechargeable lithium‐ion battery
Authors: Schuppert Nicholas D. , Mukherjee Santanu , Bates Alex , Jasinski Jacek B. , Lee Sang C. , Park Sam 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA porous iron oxide nanolayer coating is grown on LiMn2O4 by a facile in‐situ method. Evolution of this coating and its influence on the structural retention and electrochemical activity of LiMn2O4 is examined and compared to a control in the environment of an aqueous rechargeable lithium‐ion battery. Two coinciding mechanisms of porous iron oxide nanolayer deposition and their depency on electrolyte pH are identified and discussed. The coating is found to significantly reduce Li2MnO3 surface formation, a major source of capacity fade in LiMn2O4 electrodes, thereby improving the structural retention. The nanolayer was also found to improve the electrochemical stability of the underlying LiMn2O4 in the potential window of lithium intercalation, reduce the growth rate of mass transfer and solid electrolyte interface resistances over the control, while also providing reduced charge transfer resistances over the pristine LiMn2O4 material. The totality of these improvements provided by the porous iron oxide nanolayer preserved the electrochemical and structural integrity of LiMn2O4 over the course of 500 deep discharge cycles in aqueous media.
The medical care costs of obesity and severe obesity in youth: An instrumental variables approach
Authors: Biener Adam I. , Cawley John , Meyerhoefer Chad 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper is the first to use the method of instrumental variables to estimate the impact of obesity and severe obesity in youth. on U.S. medical care costs. We examine data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey for 2001–2015 and instrument for child BMI using the BMI of the child's biological mother. Instrumental variables estimates indicate that obesity in youth raises annual medical care costs by $907 (in 2015 dollars) or 92%, which is considerably higher than previous estimates of the association of youth obesity with medical costs. We find that obesity in youth significantly raises costs in all major categories of medical care: outpatient doctor visits, inpatient hospital stays, and prescription drugs. The costs of youth obesity are borne almost entirely by third‐party payers, which is consistent with substantial externalities of youth obesity, which in turn represents an economic rationale for government intervention.
Simeprevir, daclatasvir, and sofosbuvir for hepatitis C virus‐infected patients: Long‐term follow‐up results from the open‐label, Phase II IMPACT study
Authors: Lawitz Eric , Poordad Fred , Gutierrez Julio A. , Beumont Maria , Beets Greet , Vandevoorde Ann , Remoortere Pieter Van , Luo Donghan , Vijgen Leen , Eygen Veerle Van , Gamil Mohamed 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsDirect‐acting antiviral agents (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have resulted in high rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) following 8 to 24 weeks of treatment. However, difficult‐to‐cure/cirrhotic patients typically require a longer treatment duration and less is known regarding the long‐term durability of SVR or effect on liver disease progression; to assess this, the IMPACT study followed patients for a 3‐year period after end of treatment.MethodsThe Phase II, open‐label, nonrandomized IMPACT study assessed the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of the combination of three DAAs (simeprevir, sofosbuvir, and daclatasvir) in HCV genotype 1/4‐infected, treatment‐naïve/‐experienced cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension or decompensated liver disease. Patients from a single site in the United States were assigned to one of two groups by Child–Pugh (CP) score: CP A, CP score less than 7 and evidence of portal hypertension; CP B, CP score of 7 to 9. All patients received simeprevir 150 mg, daclatasvir 60 mg, and sofosbuvir 400 mg once‐daily for 12 weeks between September 2014 and August 2015. All 40 patients included in the study (male, 63%; median age, 58.5 years) achieved SVR 12 and 24 weeks after end of treatment, and the combination was well tolerated.ResultsAll patients who reached the 3‐year follow‐up timepoint maintained SVR (CP A, 15/15; CP B, 18/18). CP scores and Model for End‐stage Liver Disease scores remained relatively stable, and mean FibroScan and FibroTest scores declined. No new safety signals were identified.ConclusionsIn the IMPACT study, virologic response to simeprevir, sofosbuvir, and daclatasvir was durable over 3 years (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02262728).
Buchwald‐Type Ligands on Gold(I) Catalysis
Authors: Zuccarello Giuseppe , Zanini Margherita , Echavarren Antonio M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDialkyl biarylphosphine ligands, presented in the context of Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions, have been extensively applied in gold(I) catalysis giving rise to numerous transformations and reaction pathways otherwise inaccessible under the action of other gold(I) catalysts. This review emphasizes how this privileged ligand class, as well as recent modifications on the biarylphosphine motive, have triggered the discovery of new reactivities in our research program. Finally, the introduction of chiral information on the ligand scaffold provides new solutions to challenging gold(I)‐catalyzed enantioselective transformations.
In vitro and in vivo effects of concentrated growth factor on cells and tissues
Authors: Tabatabaei Fahimeh , Aghamohammadi Zahra , Tayebi Lobat 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article reviews the biological outcome of the concentrated growth factor (CGF), a new platelet derivative used for tissue regeneration, in published articles related to the use of this product in basic and clinical studies. An electronic literature research using PubMed and SCOPUS was performed using combination of keywords: “concentrated growth factor” (OR “CGF”), AND “stem cells,” AND “cells” OR “cell proliferation” OR “cell migration” OR “cell differentiation,” AND “repair” OR “survival” OR “revitalization,” AND “tissue” OR “bone.” Forty‐five articles that were published between 2012 and 2020 met the inclusion criteria. These studies have used CGF as fresh solid form, freeze‐dried, membrane, extract, or exudate. Most studies demonstrate the positive effects of CGF in a dose‐dependent manner under certain concentrations. Studies comparing CGF with other platelet concentrates, report lower efficiency, no statistically significant differences, or better results for CGF. Combination of CGF with stem cells and biomaterials significantly improves bone regeneration and the effect of allograft or collagen membrane is better than CGF alone. For a better examination of the biological outcomes of CGF, the standardization of CGF preparation regarding the choice of the test tube material for blood collection, the required volume of blood, the necessary count of platelets in CGF, and the most appropriate type of CGF are recommended.
Heart rate variability and hematological parameters in pregnant women
Authors: Al‐Shafei Ahmad I. , Musa Shaza M. , Rayis Duria A. , Lutfi Mohamed F. , El‐Gendy Ola A. , Adam Ishag 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are few researches on hematological parameters (hemoglobin, red cell distribution width [RDW], white blood cells [WBCs], mean platelets volume [MPV], and heart rate variability [HRV]). There are no published data on this concept (HRV and hematological parameters) during pregnancy.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted at Saad Abul Ela hospital in Khartoum, Sudan during the period of July to August 2018. Pregnant women with singleton, a live baby, were enrolled in this study. Clinical history and examination were performed. HRV (autonomic modulation) was assessed using time and frequency domain HRV indices.ResultsOne hundred and five pregnant women were enrolled. The median (quartile) of the age, parity, and gestational age was 30.0 (25.0‐35.0) years, 1.0 (0‐3.0), and 38.0 (32.0‐39.0) weeks, respectively. While there were positive correlations between hemoglobin and low frequency (LF), RDW and high frequency (HF), WBCs and HF Norm, WBCs and LF/HF, MPV and HF Norm, LF Norm and LF/HF, there was no significant correlation between the hematological (hemoglobin, WBCs, RDW, and MPV) and HRV parameters. Linear regression analysis showed no significant association between age, parity, gestational age, body mass index, hemoglobin, RDW, and HRV variables. The Log10 WBCs were negatively associated with Log10 HF (ms2/Hz). MPV was positively associated with LF Norm and negatively associated with HF Norm.ConclusionThe study failed to show significant associations between age, parity, gestational age, hemoglobin, RDW, and HRV variables. The WBCs were negatively associated with HF. MPV was positively associated with LF Norm, and it was negatively associated with HF Norm.
miRNA‐192 and ‐215 activate Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in gastric cancer via APC
Authors: Deng Shiqi , Zhang Xiaojing , Qin Ying , Chen Wangchun , Fan Hu , Feng Xianling , Wang Jian , Yan Ruibin , Zhao Yanqiu , Cheng Yulan , Wei Yanjie , Fan Xinmin , Ashktorab Hassan , Smoot Duane , Meltzer Stephen J. , Li Song , Li Kuan , Peng Yin , Jin Zhe 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough great progress has been made in surgical techniques, traditional radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, gastric cancer (GC) is still the most common malignant tumor and has a high mortality, which highlights the importance of novel diagnostic markers. Emerging studies suggest that different microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we found that miRNA‐192 and ‐215 are significantly upregulated in GC and promote cell proliferation and migration. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a well‐known negative regulator in Wnt signaling, has been proved to be a target of miRNA‐192 and ‐215. Inhibition of miRNA‐192 or ‐215 reduced the Topflash activities and repressed the expression of Wnt signaling pathway proteins, while APC small interfering RNAs reversed the inhibitory effects, suggesting that miRNA‐192 and ‐215 activate Wnt signaling via APC. In addition, APC mediates the cell proliferation and migration regulated by miRNA‐192 and ‐215. Furthermore, APC is downregulated in GC tissues and negatively correlated with the expression of miRNA‐192 and ‐215. In summary, miRNA‐192 and ‐215 target APC and function as oncogenic miRNAs by activating Wnt signaling in GC, revealing to be potential therapeutic targets.
Influence of MRP3 Genetics and Hepatic Expression Ontogeny for Morphine Disposition in Neonatal and Pediatric Patients
Authors: Hahn David , Fukuda Tsuyoshi , Euteneuer Joshua C. , Mizuno Tomoyuki , Vinks Alexander A. , Sadhasivam Senthilkumar , Emoto Chie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe have previously reported the influences of OCT1 ontogeny and genetic variation on morphine clearance in neonatal and pediatric patients. In the latter study, plasma morphine‐glucuronide levels correlated with patient genotype for the rs4793665 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the locus of MRP3, an efflux transporter of morphine glucuronides between hepatocytes and circulating blood. The link between MRP3 activity and overall morphine clearance has not been thoroughly investigated however, and the developmental profile of hepatic MRP3 protein expression remains thinly defined between neonates and adults. In the current study, previously determined morphine clearance values for neonatal (24‐58 weeks postmenstrual age, N = 57) and pediatric (5‐16 years, n = 85) patients were reanalyzed for correlation to the SNP genotype of patient rs4793665. Among OCT1 wild‐type patients, pediatric morphine clearance showed a significant decreasing trend by MRP3 genotypes in the order of CC > CT > TT (P = .014), whereas for neonates, an identical but nonsignificant trend was observed. Pharmacogenetic differences in MRP3 and OCT1 ontogeny were evaluated by Western blot of hepatic membrane fractions from 50 subjects aged 1 day postnatal to 33 years old. Hepatic MRP3 protein level did not vary by rs4793665 genotype, and followed an atypical developmental pattern of increase up to 1‐2 years of age, thereafter decreasing during preadolescence before increasing again to adult levels at maturity (17‐33 years). By comparison, OCT1 expression was significantly decreased in OCT1 *1/*3 genotyped patients older than 1 year and followed a trajectory consistent with prior studies. Our results suggest that consideration of MRP3 pharmacogenetics and ontogeny may aid in identifying pediatric patients having different/atypical morphine requirements.
Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Prediction of Pramipexole Pharmacokinetics in Parkinson's Disease Patients With Renal Impairment
Authors: You Xiang , Wu Wanhong , Xu Jing , Jiao Zheng , Ke Meng , Huang Pinfang , Lin Cuihong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPramipexole is the first‐line medication recommended by the British National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Pramipexole is predominantly eliminated by renal excretion. The aim was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of pramipexole, providing a basis for its individualized administration. The role of glomerular filtration and organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) in renal tubular secretion was considered. Plasma concentration‐time profiles of pramipexole were predicted and validated, first in healthy populations and then in PD patients with varied renal function. Finally, the pharmacokinetics of PD patients with different degrees of renal impairment were predicted. The simulated pharmacokinetic parameters, including maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (AUC), time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax), and steady‐state trough plasma concentration values, obtained using the PBPK model were validated using fold error values, which were all smaller than 2. The successfully validated model supported that OCT2‐mediated tubular secretion was affected proportionally to changes in glomerular filtration for various degrees of renal impairment. The predicted AUC0‐inf values were increased 1.16‐, 1.76‐, 3.26‐, and 9.48‐fold in mild, moderate, and severe renal impairment and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) subjects, resepctively, compared with PD patients with normal renal function. It appears that PD patients with mild renal impairment are unlikely to require dose adjustment (0.125 mg 3 times a day). The pramipexole dose should be reduced to approximately 0.125 mg twice daily, 0.125 mg once daily, and 0.0375 mg once daily in PD patients with moderate renal impairment, severe renal impairment, and ESRD, respectively.
Musculoskeletal adaptations to strength training in frail elderly: a matter of quantity or quality?
Authors: Aas Sigve N. , Breit Markus , Karsrud Stian , Aase Ole J. , Rognlien Simen H. , Cumming Kristoffer T. , Reggiani Carlo , Seynnes Olivier , Rossi Andrea P. , Toniolo Luana , Raastad Truls 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe improvement in muscle strength generally exceeds the increase in muscle size following strength training in frail elderly, highlighting the complex aetiology of strength deficit in aging. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heavy‐load strength training on a broad number of factors related to specific strength in frail elderly.MethodsThirty‐four frail elderly men (n = 18) and women (n = 16) aged 67 to 98 (86 ± 7 years) were randomized to either a group performing strength training twice a week for 10 weeks (ST) or a non‐exercising control group (CON). Knee extensor muscle strength was tested as one‐repetition maximum (1RM) and isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque. Muscle activation was assessed by the interpolated twitch technique, and muscle density [mean Hounsfield units (HU)] and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) by computed tomography scans of the quadriceps femoris. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were obtained to investigate changes in intramyocellular lipids and single‐fibre specific tension.ResultsIn ST, knee extension 1RM and MVC improved by 17 and 7%, respectively. Muscle cross‐sectional area of the quadriceps femoris increased by 7%, accompanied by a 4% increase of muscle density. No changes in IMAT, voluntary activation level, single‐fibre specific tension, or lipid content were observed.ConclusionsIn contrast to several previous reports, the improvements in isometric muscle strength and muscle area were in good agreement in the present study. The training‐induced increase in muscle density was not due to changes in skeletal muscle lipid content. Instead, the increase in muscle density may reflect increased packing of contractile material or simply an increased ratio of muscle tissue relative to IMAT.