bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sądownictwo konstytucyjne we Francji po II wojnie światowej
Authors: Jamróz Lech 
Published: July 2020

Constitutional Judiciary in France after the Second World War. The Importance of Constitutional Republican Tradition
In France, the institution of the constitutional court appeared relatively late. In the period of the Third Republic, the main obstacle to a serious discussion on the introduction of a constitutional court to the political system was the prevailing concept of a “sovereign parliament” and the associated primacy of the act (statute). The doctrine of those times strengthened the view of the special role of the act (statute) in the legal system; also in the protection of individual rights. These are the main elements of the French republican tradition, which was formed during the Third Republic and was strengthened in the next republican period under the Constitution of 1946. The Constitutional Council, the first independent constitutional court, was introduced into the new system of France (1958) not so much from the conviction of this institution, but from the desire to limit the sovereign power of the parliament and the primacy of the law. The earlier Constitutional Committee (1946) could not fulfill this role, but its importance is underlined in French literature.
ORIENTAÇÃO SEXUAL ESCOLAR E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS: DA INDIVIDUALIDADE À REFLEXÃO DA PRÁTICA DOCENTE
Authors: Coelho Yuri Cavaleiro de Macêdo , Vasconcelos Sinaida Maria 
Published: July 2020

Resumo: A sexualidade humana é um tema cercado de dúvidas e tabus. Por isso, salienta-se a necessidade da inserção do tema, na formação inicial de educadores. Diante disto, investigaram-se, através de uma articulação didática sobre o tema, as percepções, vivências e perspectivas relacionadas à sexualidade, na formação individual e escolar-universitária de futuros professores de ciências. O trabalho empírico envolveu a coleta de dados baseada nas respostas fornecidas pelos acadêmicos a um questionário inicial e nos pontos de vista profissional e pessoal manifestados frente a situações-problemas hipotéticas apresentadas em um debate. As análises e discussão dos dados possibilitaram identificar equívocos na concepção de práticas educacionais que objetivam trabalhar a sexualidade na escola, evidenciando que se deve atribuir maior importância à reflexão da sexualidade, durante o período de formação desses profissionais. Os dados também sugerem que as experiências pessoais e possíveis posicionamentos profissionais dos graduandos se comportam de maneira interdependente e complementar. Registra-se, por fim, que o processo de formação docente como orientador sexual ainda é deficitário, uma vez que os debates dessas temáticas são pouco presentes em disciplinas do currículo tradicional e/ou, muitas vezes, discutidas sob uma perspectiva que distancia a dimensão humana, dialógica, moral e cultural, intrínsecas à sexualidade. Palavras-Chave: Educação Sexual. Transversalidade. Formação Docente. Abstract:Human sexuality is a subject surrounded by doubts and taboos. Therefore, the need to insert the theme is emphasized in the initial formation of educators. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate, through a didactic articulation on the subject, the perceptions, experiences and perspectives related to sexuality, in the individual and university-college education of future science teachers. The empirical work involved data collection based on the answers provided by the academics to an initial questionnaire and on the professional and personal points of view expressed in the hypothetical problem situations presented in a debate. The data made it possible to identify misconceptions in the conception of educational practices that aim to work sexuality at school, showing that greater importance should be given to the reflection of sexuality during the period of training of these professionals. The data also suggest that undergraduates' personal experiences and possible professional positions behave in an interdependent and complementary manner. Finally, it is noted that the process of teacher education as a sexual advisor is still deficient, since the debates on these themes are rarely present in traditional curriculum subjects and/or often discussed from a perspective that distances the dimension human, dialogical, moral and cultural, intrinsic to sexuality.Keywords: Sexual Education. Transversality. Teacher Training.
Identifying Undergraduate Students’ Misconceptions in Understanding Acid Base Materials
Authors: Mubarak S. , Yahdi Y. 
Published: July 2020

Students’ misconceptions have become phenomenon in teaching and learning, especially in chemistry which is considered as difficult subject. The objective of this study is to identify undergraduate student’s misconception profiles related to acid-base concepts in inorganic chemistry. This test was conducted with 15 item three tier multiple choices test. Data were identified descriptively and qualitatively. This test instruments are judged as valid with CVR score of 0,99 and mean of 1,73. Meanwhile, the reliability for this instrument varies for each tier combination; for tier one only, r11 was given reliability score for 0,93; for combination tier one and tier two, r11 score was 0,90, and for combination of all tiers, r11 score was 0,81. The test conducted revealed that average percentage of misconception in this test is 33.31% for all items. The highest misconception profile is 60,61% in item no.6 hard soft acid base concept. This includes 15,15% misconception false positive, 9,09% misconception false negative, and 36.36% specific misconception.
El respeto: un valor que desafía a la educación de universitarios tabasqueños en la modernidad liquida
Authors: Hernández Romero Gladys 
Published: July 2020

Los valores son considerados una guía o patrón de comportamiento que orientan los modos particulares de ser y vivir del individuo. Además, forman el criterio de juicio, preferencia y elección que conducen a una determinada acción. En este sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer la práctica de valores durante la formación profesional de los universitarios, priorizando el respeto. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó un cuestionario de elaboración propia de ocho ítems a muestra intencional de 100 estudiantes, con edades que oscilaron entre los 18 y los 20 años, dentro de una universidad pública ubicada al sur-sureste de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. Los resultados señalan que los participantes consideran practicar los valores; sin embargo, estas respuestas llaman poderosamente la atención, ya que en contraparte manifiestan la carencia en prácticas éticas en la convivencia diaria dentro de la institución académica. Dentro de las conclusiones se puntualiza la necesidad de establecer acciones que aminoren la presencia de conflictos en la vida académica y relaciones profesionales, formando así un entorno de ética para la futura generación laboral.
DeLillos White Noise Postmodern Effects of Cyber Culture on Youths
Authors: Prasad Adhikary Dr. Ramesh 
Published: July 2020

This research paper is focused on how DeLillo’s novel White Noise posits the effects of Cyber culture over the youths because of their all-embracing engagement. The Fiction is about the admixture of the media and popular culture. Different aspects of consumer culture are presented throughout the novel. None of the characters likes to develop passion for true knowledge. They no longer like to take the trouble to know the reality. Individuals are taken as fragile units. In the lives of Gladney, Babette, Bee and other children of Murray, digitally produced reality count a lot. To come out of his barren mercantile practices like digital mode of communication and encoding business codes, the main character develops fantasies. As a qualitative research, the researcher has used library and internet as the sources for it. The concept of postmodernism along with cyber culture has been used as the tool to interpret and analyze the fiction
Perdagangan Saham di Pasar Modal Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Studi Transaksi Di Pasar Perdana dan Pasar Sekunder Pada Pasar Modal)
Authors: Eriyanti Nahara 
Published: July 2020

<p>Pada dasarnya perseroan terbatas (PT) mempunyai berbagai alternatif sumber pendanaan, baik yang berasal dari dalam maupun luar. Alternatif pendanaan dari dalam PT umumnya dengan menggunakan laba yang ditahan oleh PT. Sedangkan alternatif pendanaan dari luar PT dapat berasal dari kreditur berupa hutang, penerbitan surat-surat hutang seperti obligasi, dan penerbitan surat bersifat penyertaan yaitu saham dengan melakukan penjualan saham yang dikenal dengan <em>go public. </em>Kemudian yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah bentuk transaksi perdagangan saham, khususnya jual beli saham di bursa efek atau pasar modal.</p><p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa bagaimana tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap mekanisme perdagangan saham di pasar moda baik di pasar perdana maupun pasar sekunder. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan <em>library research</em> dengan metode analisa deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan transaksi perdagangan saham di bursa efek atau pasar modal sudah memenuhi ketentuan-ketentuan dalam hukum Islam. Dalam pasar perdana, harga saham perdana maupun <em>agio</em> saham yang ditawarkan ketika <em>go public</em> yang ditawarkan oleh emiten sudah disepakati oleh investor, yang mana sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip dalam bermuamalat yaitu prinsip kerelaan (<em>an-tarodhin</em>) yang menunjukan kesepakatan kedua belah pihak yang bertransaksi. Selanjutnya dalam pasar sekunder, mekanisme transaksi diperbolehkan dalam hukum Islam, karena dikategorikan dalam jual beli <em>salam</em>, berkaitan dengan harga yang berfluktuasi karena berasal dari permintaan dan penawaran (<em>supply and demand</em>), kegiatan mengejar keuntungan seperti <em>capital gain</em> diperbolehkan oleh syarak, karena merupakan hal yang wajar karena pada dasarnya dalam berbisnis adalah mengejar keuntungan.<em></em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: <em>saham, go public, pasar modal</em></strong></p>
Persepsi Masyarakat tentang Haramnya Investasi di Pasar Modal Syariah
Authors: Hidayah Noor Laili , Aslicha Ghina , Hana Kharis Fadlullah 
Published: July 2020

<p><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">Public knowledge must also be comprehensive with the times. People are already familiar with the word "investment". However, everyone's perception of investing in the Islamic capital market is different. The negative public perception about the illicit investment in the Islamic capital market should not exist. Many people think about halal or illicit investment that caused a lot of debate. Halal perception comes from people who have been well educated and deeply educated. Unlawful perception arises from the lack of public education about all aspects that exist in the Islamic capital market. The purpose of this study is to prove that negative perceptions that mention investment is an unlawful activity is wrong and changing that notion into investment is a halal activity. The results of this study indicate that some people who have negative perceptions come from people who have not been educated about investing in the Islamic capital market. So, public education about investment in the Islamic capital market on all aspects needs to be improved, not only at the academic level but other aspects so that debate in the community about halal or illicit investment in the Islamic capital market need not be there.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
A Deep Learning Model for Predicting NGS Sequencing Depth from DNA Sequence
Authors: Zhang Jinny , Yordanov Boyan , Gaunt Alexander , Wang Michael , Dai Peng , Chen Yuan-Jyue , Zhang Kerou , Fang John , Dalchau Neil , Li Jiaming , Phillips Andrew , Zhang David 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Targeted high-throughput DNA sequencing is a primary approach for genomics and molecular diagnostics, and more recently as a readout for DNA information storage. Oligonucleotide probes used to enriching gene loci of interest have different hybridization kinetics, resulting in non-uniform coverage that increases sequencing costs and decreases sequencing sensitivities. Here, we present a deep learning model (DLM) for predicting NGS sequencing depth from DNA probe sequence. Our DLM includes a bidirectional recurrent neural network that takes as input both DNA nucleotide identities as well as the calculated probability of the nucleotide being unpaired. We applied our DLM to two different NGS panels: a designed 7,373-plex panel for DNA information storage, and a
39,145-plex panel for human single nucleotide polymorphisms. In cross-validation, our DLM predicts sequencing depth to within a factor of 3 with 99% accuracy for the designed panel, and 93% accuracy for the human panel. The same model is also effective at predicting the measured single-plex kinetic rate constants of DNA hybridization and strand displacement.
Accuracy of Multidetector Computed Tomography for N Staging of Gastric Cancer in Eastern Asia: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Xu Lei , Gao Xiang , Zhang Jianping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:Eastern Asia is a region with a high incidence of gastric cancer (GC), and the detection rate of early gastric cancer (EGC) has been rising in recent decades.2With the development of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and the scope of its indications gradually expanded,the treatment for EGC is becoming a hot topic, which involves accurate preoperative evaluation.3The purpose of this study was to assess overall accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in N staging of GC in Eastern Asia.4Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to collect all relevant published studies about MDCT in assessing N staging of GC in Eastern Asia, within the PubMed, Cochrane library and Web of science databases from January 01, 2002 to April 01, 2020.5 The raw data from the included studies calculated the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for evaluating the performance of MDCT.6 The studies were grouped according to different criteria to assess the effect of possible factors on the sensitivity of MDCT.7Results: fourteen studies (5119 patients) were included in this analysis.8 In Eastern Asia, MDCT had a pooled accuracy of 67% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-0.72, I = 90.1%) for N staging. By subgroup analysis, reference diameter of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and degree of tumor invasion (DTI) were correlated with the sensitivity of N staging.9 And the pooled sensitivity for N+ of EGC was relatively low.10Conclusions: In Eastern Asia, as the influence of reference diameter of LNM and DTI, the sensitivity of MDCT in N staging of GC was insufficient.11 This may lead to incorrect preoperative staging, so that patients with GC may be over treated or inadequate lymph node (LN)dissection.12 The hierarchical assessment strategy may significantly improve the sensitivity for N+ of EGC to make appropriate methods of treatment.13
Primary&nbsp;Castleman's Disease&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Hepatis Caudate Lobe:&nbsp;A Case Report
Authors: Dai Bailing , Yang Fang , Zhang Wenming , Yang Guangzhao , Zhu Xiandi , Zhang Cui , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:Castleman's disease (CD) is an uncommon type of benign proliferation of the lymphoid tissue.The occurrence of CD in the liver is rare. Radiological diagnosis of hepatic CD by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains difficult. It is difficult to distinguish between CD of the liver and hypervascular liver tumors such as focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatocellular adenoma before surgery.Case presentation: We report a unique case of CD in the hepatis cauda lobe in a 26-year-old young woman after a health checkup,abdominal ultrasonography, CT and MRI results showed a 5 cm×3 cm sized hypervascular mass. The patient was diagnosed as CD by histologic examination. The liver mass showed the imaging feature of central low density or signal enhancement in the arterial phase on contrast-enhanced CT and MRI, the tortuous access vessel could be seen in the lesion. The tumor became homogeneous isodense or isointense to the surrounding liver tissues during the portal phase. Dffusion restriction demonstrated on MRI. All these imaging findings, which might be useful clues for identifying CD in the liver.The patient underwent complete resection of the tumor. The patient was followed-up without any further treatment and the disease has shown no signs of recurrence.Conclusions:Primarily hepatic CD without lymph node hyperplasia or clinical symptoms is extraordinarily rare and different from other hypervascular liver tumors. Therefore, it is extremely important to improve the awareness of this diagnosis. Attention should be paid to the difference hepatic CD between FNH, hepatocellular adenoma, lymphoma and so on. To avoid misdiagnosis with unnecessary surgical excision, distinguishing these diseases is crucial.
Symptomatology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - Lessons from A Meta-Analysis Across 13 Countries
Authors: Gamakaranage Champika Saman Kumara , Hettiarachchi Dineshani , Ediriweera Dileepa , Jayasinghe Saroj 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in varying clinical manifestations and mortality rates. There is no consensus on the symptomatology that would guide researchers and clinicians.Objective: The objective of the study was to identify symptoms and their frequencies of coronavirus disease 2019 with a meta-analysis of studies from several countries. Data sources: A systematic review using PubMed and Google Scholar data sources and reference tracing were used to identify 7176 relevant articles. Eligibility criteria: Suitable articles were selected manually with selection criteria and 14 original articles included for meta-analysis. Data abstraction analysis: PRISMA guideline was used for abstracting data. Then a table was generated by feeding it with numbers and proportions of each symptom described in original studies. A meta-analysis was carried out using random effect models on each symptom separately across the studies and their prevalence rates and 95% confident intervals calculated.Results: We identified 14 relevant scientific papers, either cross-sectional or cohort studies and analyzed. There were 2,660 cases of COVID-19. he majority were from China (n=2,439, 91.7%) and remainder from the Netherlands, Italy, Korea and India and one article from Europe. There was a total of 32 symptoms (i.e. present in >50% of patients): fever (79.56%, 95% CI: 72.17-86.09%), malaise (63.3%, 95% CI: 53.1 – 73.0%), cough (56.7. %, 95% CI: 48.6 - 64.6 %) and cold (55.6%, 95% CI: 45.2 – 65.7%). Symptoms of intermediate incidence (5-49%) were; anosmia, sneezing, ocular pain, fatigue, sputum production, arthralgia, tachypnea, palpitation, headache, chest tightness, shortness of breath, chills, myalgia, sore throat, anorexia, weakness, diarrhea, rhinorrhea, dizziness, nausea, altered level of consciousness, vomiting and abdominal pain. Rare symptoms (<5% of patients) were: tonsil swelling, haemoptysis, conjunctival injection, lymphadenopathy and rash were uncommon symptoms of coronavirus disease (<5%).Conclusion and implications of key findings: We found (25/32) symptoms to be present in =>5% of cases which could be considered as “typical” symptoms of COVID-19. The list of symptoms we identified are different from those documents released by the WHO, CDC, NHS, Chinese CDC, Institute Pasteur and Mayo Clinic. The compiled list would be useful for future researchers to document a comprehensive picture of the illness.
DL-3-n-butylphthalide Delays Cognitive Decline in Patients With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease Already Receiving Donepezil: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Jin , Guo Xiaojuan , Lu Wenhui , Liu Jie , Zhang Hong , Quan Qingyun , Su Hang , Ma Li , Gao Fan , Qu Qiumin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background：Vascular factors and mitochondria dysfunction contributeto thepathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD).DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP)has an effect in protecting mitochondria and improving microcirculation. We investigated the effect of NBP in patients with mild-moderate AD already receiving donepezil.Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. 92 mild-moderate AD patients were classified into the donepezil alone group (n=43) or the donepezil combined NBP group (n=49) for 48 weeks. The primary outcome was change of Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) from baseline after treatment 48 weeks. All patients were also evaluated with clinician’s interview-based impression of change plus caregiver input (CIBIC-plus), Alzheimer's disease cooperative study-activities of daily living (ADCS-ADL) and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) every 12 weeks. All patients were monitored for adverse events (AEs). The efficacy was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Results:The univariate analysis showed that age wasolder in donepezil alone group(P=0.005), prevalence of hypertension was higher in donepezil alone group(P=0.026).The ADAS-cog score change from baseline in thedonepezil alone group was significant than that in the donepezil combined NBP group at 48 weeks(1.82±5.20 vs -0.38±4.46, P=0.048). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that between the 2 groups, there were significant differencesin changes on the ADAS-cog(OR=0.879,95% CI:[0.785,0.984],P=0.026),MMSE(OR=1.270,95% CI:[1.036,1.557],P=0.021), and ADCS-ADL(OR=1.067,95% CI:[1.002,1.136],P=0.042) but no significant differences for changes on the NPI(OR=0.955,95% CI:[0.901，1.013],P=0.125)and CIBIC-plus (OR=0.356,95% CI:[0.093,1.364],P=0.132). The occurrence of AEs was similar in the 2 groups.Conclusions:Over the 48-week treatment period, donepezil combined NBP group had slower cognitive decline and better activities of daily living in patients with mild to moderate AD. These indicated that the multi-target therapeutic effect of NBP may be a new choice for AD treatment.Trial registration:Clinical trial registration URL:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02711683?term=NCT02711683&draw=2&rank=1ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02711683. Date of registration: March 14,2016.