bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital mastery in Indonesia: the organization and individual contrast
Authors: Nasution Reza Ashari , Arnita Devi , Rusnandi Linda Sendy Lediana , Qodariah Elis , Rudito Priyantono , Sinaga Mardi Fretdi Natalina 
Published: May 2020

PurposeOur research objective here is to contribute theoretically and empirically to providing a gap model of digital mastery development in a company. The gap model will be a reference for the companies to develop their digital mastery.Design/methodology/approachTo gain deeper insights into the study, a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative was performed. The level of digital mastery of the organization was determined using quantitative techniques through a self-assessment questionnaire. Meanwhile, digital mastery at the individual level was measured by a qualitative method using an open-ended (essay format) survey questions.FindingsThe findings show a stark difference between the organization and individual regarding their digital mastery level. At the end of the paper, the authors suggest some remedies that will help those companies narrowing the gap and fulfill the agenda of their digital transformation.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research should analyze more industries or companies, conducting case studies to discover more detailed findings as to where the gaps are located or conducting digital readiness and leadership skills at the individual level to discover the direction of development of digital technology in a company. We expect this research can be replicated in other countries, so that wider general insights into the development of digital technology may be obtained.Practical implicationsUpper-area companies are indicated by their execution of partial digital initiative in the company which results in the lack of socialization of the ongoing digital activities into the individual level. Companies, especially Top Management, need to develop more knowledge about digital application and transformation to every individual in the company. Meanwhile, lower-area companies should improve their engagement across all organization members. The companies should be able to take advantage of their existing employees who possess knowledge in digital application and transformation and generated various artifacts to motivate other employees to jointly transform the organization into a Digital Master.Originality/valueOur study compares the perception toward digital mastery at the organization and individual levels. Both levels are different and need to be compared, as suggested by Schuchmann and Seufert (2015) and Hinings et al. (2018). Comparison at both levels does not exist at the time of this study. Accordingly, what problems and challenges are faced by companies undergoing a digital transformation will largely remain unknown.
The effects of need for cognition, gender, risk preferences and marketing education on entrepreneurial intentions
Authors: Estelami Hooman 
Published: May 2020

PurposeEntrepreneurial aspirations are essential to the creation and survival of many businesses and to the economic development of nations. Understanding the drivers of entrepreneurial intentions is therefore of central importance from both academic and public policy perspectives. This study aims to explore how entrepreneurial intentions are affected by an individual’s need for cognition (NFC), gender, risk preferences and educational profile.Design/methodology/approachUsing survey data from 668 individuals, the effects of the above factors are empirically established and the mediating role of decision confidence is also examined.FindingsThe results indicate that NFC, gender and risk preferences affect entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore cross-disciplinary differences in entrepreneurial intentions are found within the different sub-disciplines of business.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper expands the current body of literature by exploring the combined NFC with risk preferences and gender, on individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, the entrepreneurial intentions of marketing majors are also contrasted with those of other majors.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study identify drivers of entrepreneurial intentions and their varying effects. The results can assist in the development and customization of training programs for entrepreneurs.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to examine the combined effects of NFC, gender, risk preferences and educational profile on entrepreneurial intentions.
Preparation of silver nanoparticles using atmospheric discharge plasma for catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol: the influence of pressure in the reactor
Authors: Skiba Margarita , Vorobyova Viktoria , Pivovarov Alexander , Trus Inna 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles using atmospheric discharge plasma in contact with liquid at different pressure in reactor and to assess their catalytical properties for reducing 4-nanoparticles (NP).

Design/methodology/approach
The Ag colloidal NPs was rapidly synthesized as a result of non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma formation between an electrode and the surface of AgNO3 solution for 5 min at different pressure in reactor. Synthesized Ag NPs were characterized with common analytical techniques. Ultraviolet–visible (UV) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning microcopy analysis were used to study the formation and characteristics of silver nanoparticles.

Findings
The formation of silver colloidal solutions under plasma discharge at different pressure in reactor is characterized by the presence of surface resonance peak in the spectra. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of spherical particles having a size distribution in the range of 15-26 nm. The AgNPs solution showed excellent rapid catalytic activity for the complete degradation of toxic 4-nitrophenol (4-NPh) into non-toxic 4-aminophenol (4-APh) within 18 min.

Research limitations/implications
Further studies are necessary for confirmation of the practical application, especially of deposition Ag NPs on TiO2.

Practical implications
The method provides a simple and practical solution to improving the synthesis of colloidal solutions of Ag NPs for degradation of organic pollutants (4-NPh) in water and wasters water.

Originality/value
Atmospheric discharge plasma in contact with liquid at different pressure can be used as an effective technique for synthesis of nanomaterials with catalytic properties.
Environmental disclosure in corporate websites: a study in Brazil and USA companies
Authors: Rosa Portella Anastácia , Borba José Alonso 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The internet allows much corporate information to be instantly accessed from anywhere, at any time. To better inform the more diverse stakeholders, companies have used their websites as another tool for disclosure. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the area of environmental accounting, as it investigates whether the companies located in different countries, from different sectors, in different stages of development and regulatory environments present different levels of environmental disclosure and to explain the environmental disclosure extension on corporate websites of companies in Brazil and the USA through corporate characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve such purpose, an environmental disclosure index (EDI) was created and a model was used to investigate whether the variables environmental performance, size, profitability, debt, sector and country explain the disclosure on the website.

Findings
It was pointed that US companies stood out compared to Brazilian companies throughout the EDI. On the one hand, the statistical model suggests that the variables, namely, organization size, sector and country of origin of the company, explain the environmental disclosure in corporate website, whereas the profitability and debt variables were not significant in the model. On the other hand, the environmental performance variable proved to be significant; however, it was contrary to what was expected from the theory of legitimacy, once a negative relation between environmental disclosure and environmental performance is expected.

Originality/value
It is considered that transnational studies on corporate environmental responsibility can improve the understanding and eventually explain the difference of this disclosure.
Characterization of a carbonate reservoir using elastic full‐waveform inversion of vertical seismic profile data
Authors: Takougang Eric M. Takam , Ali Mohammed Y. , Bouzidi Youcef , Bouchaala Fateh , Sultan Akmal A. , Mohamed Aala I. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTTwo‐dimensional elastic full waveform inversion was applied to two lines extracted from a spiral three‐dimensional vertical seismic profile data acquired in an oilfield offshore, Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates. The lines were selected to be parallel and perpendicular to the plane defined by the deviated borehole. The purpose of the inversion was to derive high‐resolution elastic properties of the subsurface. After pre‐processing, the data were band‐pass filtered with a minimum frequency of 3.5 Hz and a maximum frequency of 30 Hz. A sequential inversion approach was used to mitigate non‐linearity. The pre‐processing of the data consisted in the removal of bad traces, followed by amplitude and phase corrections. High‐resolution P‐ and S‐wave velocity models that show good correlations with the available sonic logs were obtained. The results of the inversion suggest that the oilfield consists of a stack of layers with varying lithology, porosity and possibly fluid content.
Below‐ground‐mediated and phase‐dependent processes drive nitrogen‐evoked community changes in grasslands
Authors: Tian Qiuying , Yang Liuyi , Ma Pengfei , Zhou Huirong , Liu Nana , Bai Wenming , Wang Hong , Ren Lifei , Lu Peng , Han Wenwu , Schultz Peggy A. , Bever James D. , Zhang Fu‐Suo , Lambers Hans , Zhang Wen‐Hao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Enhanced deposition of atmospheric nitrogen (N) leads to loss of plant diversity in grassland ecosystems. Numerous theories have provided potential explanations for the negative effects of N enrichment on plant diversity. However, the relative importance of each mechanism and the time‐scales of responses for the different functional groups remain unclear.

We investigated the temporal responses of plant community in a temperate steppe to N enrichment by linking above‐ground to below‐ground processes using a series of field N‐addition and greenhouse experiments.

The N enrichment‐induced declines in plant diversity of grasslands were phase‐based, functional group‐dependent and driven by three below‐ground processes. The rapid accumulation of

by N addition inhibited photosynthetic rates of broad‐leaf non‐rhizomatous forbs, contributing to loss of these N‐sensitive species during early phase of N enrichment (≤3 years). The N‐induced changes in this phase were independent of soil pH as evidenced by results from application of lime to mitigate N‐evoked soil acidification. With progression of N addition, manganese (Mn) toxicity to narrow‐leaf non‐rhizomatous forbs due to soil acidification‐induced Mn2+ mobilization in soil accounted for their loss in the second phase of N enrichment (~4–9 years). When N addition proceeded longer than ~10 years, N enrichment stimulated below‐ground meristem differentiation and rhizome growth of the rhizomatous species, leading to the dominance by rhizomatous sedges/grasses in the community at the later phase of N enrichment.

Synthesis. The hierarchical mechanisms not only provide a comprehensive explanation for the N enrichment‐induced diversity decline in grasslands, but can also facilitate us to understand the differential sensitivities of ecosystems to chronic N enrichment, and predict future ecosystem dynamics.
ARHGAP17 inhibits pathological cyclic strain‐induced apoptosis in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts via Rac1/Cdc42
Authors: Wang Li , Yang Xiaojie , Wan Leilei , Wang Shiwei , Pan Jinsong , Liu Yuehua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRho GTPase‐activating protein (Rho‐GAP) and Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (Rho‐ GDI) are two main negative regulators of Rho GTPase. Our previous work has found that Rho‐GDI and Rho GTPase are involved in the response of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells to mechanical stress. However, whether Rho‐GAP also has a role in this process remains unknown. Here, we attempted to find the Rho‐GAP gene that may be involved in pathological stretch‐induced apoptosis of PDL cells. Human PDL fibroblasts were exposed to 20% cyclic strain for 6 hours or 24 hours, after which the expression levels of ARHGAP10, ARHGAP17, ARHGAP21, ARHGAP24 and ARHGAP28 were determined. Results showed that ARHGAP17 expression decreased the most obviously after treatment of stretch. In addition, ARHGAP17 overexpression abolished 20% cyclic strain‐induced apoptosis. Therefore, ARHGAP17 has an important role in pathological stretch‐induced apoptosis of human PDL fibroblasts. Moreover, we found that ARHGAP17 overexpression also alleviated cyclic strain‐induced activation of Rac1/Cdc42, a major downstream target of ARHGAP17. Furthermore, two Rac1 inhibitors, NSC23766 and EHT 1864, both attenuated ARHGAP17 knockdown‐mediated apoptosis in human PDL fibroblasts. Collectively, our data demonstrate that ARHGAP17 inhibits pathological cyclic strain‐induced apoptosis in human PDL fibroblasts through inactivating Rac1/Cdc42. This study highlights the importance of Rho signalling in the response of human PDL fibroblasts to mechanical stress.
The role of reactive oxygen species in the virulence of wheat leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina
Authors: Wang Xiben , Che Mingzhe Z. , Khalil Hala B. , McCallum Brent D. , Bakkeren Guus , Rampitsch Christof , Saville Barry J. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryReactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role during host–pathogen interactions and are often an indication of induced host defence responses. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that Puccinia triticina (Pt) generates ROS, including superoxide, H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals, during wheat infection. Through pharmacological inhibition, we found that ROS are critical for both Pt urediniospore germination and pathogenic development on wheat. A comparative RNA‐Seq analysis of different stages of Pt infection process revealed 291 putative Pt genes associated with the oxidation–reduction process. Thirty‐seven of these genes encode known proteins. The expressions of five Pt genes, including PtNoxA, PtNoxB, PtNoxR, PtCat and PtSod, were subsequently verified using RT‐qPCR analysis. The results show that the expressions of PtNoxA, PtNoxB, PtNoxR, PtCat and PtSod are up‐regulated during urediniospore germination. In comparison, the expressions of PtNoxA, PtNoxB, PtNoxR and PtCat are down‐regulated during wheat infection from 12 to 120 h after inoculation (HAI), whereas the expression of PtSod is up‐regulated with a peak of expression at 120 HAI. We conclude that ROS are critical for the full virulence of Pt and a coordinate down‐regulation of PtNox genes may be important for successful infection in wheat.
Chromosome‐level genome assembly of the greenfin horse‐faced filefish (Thamnaconus septentrionalis) using Oxford Nanopore PromethION sequencing and Hi‐C technology
Authors: Bian Li , Li Fenghui , Ge Jianlong , Wang Pengfei , Chang Qing , Zhang Shengnong , Li Jie , Liu Changlin , Liu Kun , Liu Xintian , Li Xuming , Chen Hongju , Chen Siqing , Shao Changwei , Lin Zhishu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe greenfin horse‐faced filefish, Thamnaconus septentrionalis, is a valuable commercial fish species that is widely distributed in the Indo‐West Pacific Ocean. This fish has characteristic blue–green fins, rough skin and a spine‐like first dorsal fin. Thamnaconus septentrionalis is of conservation concern because its population has declined sharply, and it is an important marine aquaculture fish species in China. Genomic resources for the filefish are lacking, and no reference genome has been released. In this study, the first chromosome‐level genome of T. septentrionalis was constructed using nanopore sequencing and Hi‐C technology. A total of 50.95 Gb polished nanopore sequences were generated and were assembled into a 474.31‐Mb genome, accounting for 96.45% of the estimated genome size of this filefish. The assembled genome contained only 242 contigs, and the achieved contig N50 was 22.46 Mb, a surprisingly high value among all sequenced fish species. Hi‐C scaffolding of the genome resulted in 20 pseudochromosomes containing 99.44% of the total assembled sequences. The genome contained 67.35 Mb of repeat sequences, accounting for 14.2% of the assembly. A total of 22,067 protein‐coding genes were predicted, 94.82% of which were successfully annotated with putative functions. Furthermore, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using 1,872 single‐copy orthologous genes, and 67 unique gene families were identified in the filefish genome. This high‐quality assembled genome will be a valuable resource for a range of future genomic, conservation and breeding studies of T. septentrionalis.
Introducing the “hip call” to facilitate early surgical treatment of hip fractures: A feasibility study
Authors: Jensen Thomas G. , Vinstrup Louise Ø. , Dalskov Simone , Aasbrenn Martin , Palm Henrik , Rugolo Søren A. , Vendelø Merete T. , Dollerup Signe , Eriksen Sine A. N. , Lunn Troels H. 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionSurgical treatment of hip fractures within 24‐48 hours decreases morbidity and mortality, but goals for early surgery have not been widely achieved so far. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of implementation of a hip call, and the secondary aim was to investigate the effect of the hip call on time for pre‐operative preparation and surgery compared to a historical control cohort.Materials and MethodsFrom March 4, 2019 until June 30, 2019, admission of patients at Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, Denmark, with a suspected hip fracture triggered an acute hip call. Key personnel are summoned to secure rapid pre‐operative preparation and surgery. The implementation was defined feasible, if ≥ 75% of the patients were ready for surgery within 4 hours and had surgery initiated within 24 hours of hospital arrival. The historical control cohort was patients with hip fractures in the same period in 2018.ResultsA total of 128 patients were included in 2019, and 99 in 2018. After implementation of hip call, 83% of patients were ready for surgery within 4 hours. After vs before hip call, 88% vs 51% were operated within 24 hours and 96% vs 79% within 36 hours. Time from admission to surgery (hh:mm) was reduced by mean 10:33 (CI 07:46‐13:20), P < .001.ConclusionThe implementation of a hip call was feasible with 83% of patients being ready for surgery within 4 hours, and 88% being operated within 24 hours. Future large‐scale studies should clarify potential benefits on clinical outcome.
Estimating the prevalence of problem drug use from drug‐related mortality data
Authors: Jones Hayley E. , Harris Ross J. , Downing Beatrice C. , Pierce Matthias , Millar Tim , Ades A. E. , Welton Nicky J. , Presanis Anne M. , De Angelis Daniela , Hickman Matthew 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsIndirect estimation methods are required for estimating the size of populations where only a proportion of individuals are observed directly, such as problem drug users (PDUs). Capture–recapture and multiplier methods are widely used, but have been criticized as subject to bias. We propose a new approach to estimating prevalence of PDU from numbers of fatal drug‐related poisonings (fDRPs) using linked databases, addressing the key limitations of simplistic ‘mortality multipliers’.MethodsOur approach requires linkage of data on a large cohort of known PDUs to mortality registers and summary information concerning additional fDRPs observed outside this cohort. We model fDRP rates among the cohort and assume that rates in unobserved PDUs are equal to rates in the cohort during periods out of treatment. Prevalence is estimated in a Bayesian statistical framework, in which we simultaneously fit regression models to fDRP rates and prevalence, allowing both to vary by demographic factors and the former also by treatment status.ResultsWe report a case study analysis, estimating the prevalence of opioid dependence in England in 2008/09, by gender, age group and geographical region. Overall prevalence was estimated as 0.82% (95% credible interval = 0.74–0.94%) of 15–64‐year‐olds, which is similar to a published estimate based on capture–recapture analysis.ConclusionsOur modelling approach estimates prevalence from drug‐related mortality data, while addressing the main limitations of simplistic multipliers. This offers an alternative approach for the common situation where available data sources do not meet the strong assumptions required for valid capture–recapture estimation. In a case study analysis, prevalence estimates based on our approach were surprisingly similar to existing capture–recapture estimates but, we argue, are based on a much more objective and justifiable modelling approach.
Decision‐making capacity assessment for confused patients in a regional hospital: A before and after study
Authors: John Shibu , Schmidt David , Rowley Joanne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveClinicians are challenged to decide when and how to conduct decision‐making capacity assessment and guardianship applications for confused hospitalised older patients. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of confused hospitalised older patients who require decision‐making capacity assessment and guardianship applications and to determine the impact of a locally introduced capacity testing procedure on the conduct of decision‐making capacity assessment and guardianship application in a regional hospital setting.DesignBefore and after study.SettingRegional New South Wales hospital.ParticipantsTwenty‐four confused hospitalised older patients who had decision‐making capacity assessment during November 2014‐April 2015 and November 2015‐April 2016.Main outcome measureThe impact of a standardised capacity testing procedure on the conduct of decision‐making capacity assessment.ResultsAfter capacity testing procedure implementation, there were significant improvements in the number of multidisciplinary team meetings, documentation of decision‐making capacity assessment process and length of stay. The majority of patients who required guardianship application was aged over 70 years, had a medical history of dementia, >20 days of acute hospital admission and had no evidence of future care‐planning.ConclusionImplementation of capacity testing procedure is likely to have contributed to the positive changes in the conduct of decision‐making capacity assessment and guardianship application process for confused hospitalised older patients. This study provides some evidence of decision‐making capacity assessment process gaps; and indicates clinical and demographic characteristics of confused hospitalised older patients who might require decision‐making capacity assessment and guardianship applications. The evidence of lack of appropriate future care‐planning for ageing patients and increasing hospital admissions of confused hospitalised older patients presents future challenges in rural health.