bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duplicate Prescriptions of Inhaled Medications for Obstructive Lung Diseases
Authors: Kardos P. , Geiss F. , Simon J. , Franken C. , Butt U. , Worth H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction Inhalative treatments with metered dose aerosols and dry powder inhalers are the backbone of the pharmacotherapy for asthma and COPD. In the last decade many new and generic inhalative bronchodilators were launched at the German market, both monotherapies and fixed dose double bronchodilator (LABA/LAMA, beta adrenergic and antimuscarinic) or LABA and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and triple (LABA/LAMA/ICS) combinations. According to two surveys in 2015 among respiratory physicians we expected a high proportion of patients receiving duplicate prescriptions, e. g. a fixed dose new LABA/LAMA combination in addition to an existing ICS/LABA fixed dose combination.
Methodology We searched the database of a large mail order pharmacy (DocMorris) to identify duplicate prescriptions of inhalative drugs for a patient by the same or by two or more different physicians during a 3 months period.
Results Unexpectedly, we found as little as around 1 % duplicate prescriptions for the same patient. Duplicate prescriptions involving combination products were found to be much more common than duplicate prescriptions of different mono-products. Irrespective the low percentage number of all prescriptions we saw in just one large mail order pharmacy several thousands of erroneous prescriptions.
Conclusion At least in the setting of this mail order pharmacy duplicate (i. e. contraindicated and potentially dangerous) prescriptions are relatively rare. Prescribers and pharmacists should be aware of the issue of duplicates – especially when prescribing or filling prescriptions with combination products.
Expanding the Spectrum of Neurological Manifestations in Cutis Laxa, Autosomal Recessive, Type IIIA
Authors: Angelini Chloé , Thibaud Marie , Aladjidi Nathalie , Bessou Pierre , Cabasson Sébastien , Colson Cindy , Espil-Taris Caroline , Goizet Cyril , Husson Marie , Morice-Picard Fanny , De Sandre-Giovannoli Annachiara , Pédespan Jean-Michel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCutis laxa is a heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized by abundant and wrinkled skin and a variable degree of intellectual disability. Cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type IIIA and autosomal dominant 3 syndromes are caused by autosomal recessive or de novo pathogenic variants in ALDH18A1. Autosomal recessive variants are known to lead to the most severe neurological phenotype, and very few patients have been described.We describe a 13-month-old patient with cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type IIIA, with an extremely severe phenotype, including novel neurological findings. This description enlarges the neurological spectrum associated to cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type IIIA, and provides an additional description of this syndrome.
The Postoperative Pancreas Imaging
Authors: Taher Ahmed , Mujtaba Bilal , Ramani Nisha S. , Patel Asif , Morani Ajaykumar C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Recent advances in the surgical techniques and postoperative intensive care have led to a decrease in the mortality rates after major pancreatic procedures, which now ranges from 1 to 3%. However, the morbidity rates are still high, resulting in longer hospital stays and greater cost. Imaging plays a fundamental role in the postoperative assessment. Specially, multidetector computed tomography scans (MDCT) is the modality of choice in the postoperative settings. Early diagnosis of the postoperative complications and differentiating them from being normal or expected postoperative findings is crucial to offer the best possible care for patients and to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with surgery. In this article, we will briefly review the normal pancreatic anatomy, discuss the main types of pancreatic surgeries, and illustrate the imaging findings during the early postoperative period and of the main postsurgical complications in both acute and chronic postoperative settings.
Comparison of Periarticular Infiltration and Combination Delivery of Local Anesthetics for Reducing Pain and Opioid Consumption after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ward Derek T. , Grotkopp Eva , Detch Robert C. , Kim Hubert T. , Kuo Alfred C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSurgical-site delivery of local anesthetics decreases pain and opioid consumption after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The optimal route of administration is unknown. We compared local anesthetic delivery using periarticular soft-tissue infiltration to delivery using a combination of preimplantation immersion and intra-articular injection (combination treatment). The records of patients who underwent unilateral, cemented, primary TKA with spinal anesthesia and adductor canal blocks at a single Veterans Affairs Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed. Three subgroups were compared, including controls who did not receive additional local anesthetics, patients who received periarticular infiltration, and patients who received combination treatment. Mean daily pain scores and mean 24-hour opioid consumption on postoperative days (PODs) 0 and 1 were calculated, and analysis of variance was used to assess for significant differences. Factors that were associated with lower pain scores and opioid consumption were then identified using multivariate stepwise regression. There were 26 controls, 25 periarticular infiltration patients, and 39 combination patients. The periarticular infiltration cohort had significantly lower mean pain scores and opioid consumption than controls on POD 0, but not on POD 1. The combination cohort had significantly lower mean pain scores and opioid consumption than controls on PODs 0 and 1. There were no significant differences between the infiltration and combination groups on either day. Multivariate regression analysis showed that infiltration was associated with significantly decreased opioid consumption on both days and decreased pain on POD 0. Combination treatment was associated with significantly decreased pain and opioid consumption on both days. Both local anesthetic periarticular infiltration and combination treatment are associated with decreased pain and opioid consumption after TKA. The stronger effects of the combination treatment compared with periarticular infiltration on POD 1 suggests that combination delivery may have a longer duration of action.
Acute Flaccid Myelitis: A Clinical Review
Authors: Murphy Olwen C. , Pardo Carlos A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is an emerging disorder primarily affecting children that is characterized by acute flaccid paralysis accompanied by abnormalities of the spinal cord gray matter on magnetic resonance imaging. In most cases, prodromal fever or respiratory symptoms occur, followed by acute-onset flaccid limb weakness. Respiratory, axial, bulbar, facial, and extraocular muscles may also be affected. The clinical manifestations have been described as “polio-like,” due to striking similarities to cases of poliomyelitis. The primary site of injury in AFM is the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, resulting in a motor neuronopathy. Seasonal peaks of cases have occurred in the United States every 2 years since 2012. However, AFM remains a rare disease, which can make it challenging for physicians to recognize and differentiate from other causes of acute flaccid paralysis such as Guillain–Barre syndrome, spinal cord stroke, and transverse myelitis. Epidemiological evidence suggests that AFM is linked to a viral etiology, with nonpolio enteroviruses (in particular enterovirus D68) demonstrating a plausible association. The epidemiology, possible etiological factors, clinical features, differential diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of AFM are discussed in this review.
The Effect of Antenatal Neuroprotective Magnesium Sulfate Treatment on Cerebral Oxygenation in Preterm Infants
Authors: Ozer Bekmez Buse , Oğuz Yüksel , Kutman Hayriye Gözde Kanmaz , Uygur Dilek , Canpolat Fuat Emre , Oğuz Serife Suna , Tayman Cüneyt 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective Antenatal magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) treatment is associated with reduced risk of cerebral palsy in preterm infants. We aimed to investigate whether this treatment leads to any alterations on cerebral hemodynamics which could be detected by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) readings in early postnatal life.
Study Design Infants with gestational ages (GAs) ≤ 32 weeks were divided into two groups regarding their exposure to antenatal neuroprotective MgSO4 treatment or not. NIRS monitoring was performed to all infants, and readings were recorded for 2 hours each day during the first 3 days of life. The primary aim was to compare regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rcSO2) and cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (cFTOE) between the groups.
Results Sixty-six infants were exposed to antenatal MgSO4, while 64 of them did not. GA and birth weight were significantly lower in the treatment group (p < 0.01). No difference was observed in rcSO2 and cFTOE levels in the first, second, and the third days of life (p > 0.05). An insignificant reduction in severe intraventricular hemorrhage rates was observed (8 vs. 15%, p = 0.24).
Conclusion We could not demonstrate any effect on cerebral oxygenation of preterm infants in early postnatal life that could be attributed to antenatal neuroprotective MgSO4 treatment. Future studies are warranted to clarify the exact underlying mechanisms of neuroprotection.
Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy of Childhood with H1N1 Infection
Authors: Takia Lalit , Patra Nilamani , Nallasamy Karthi , Saini Lokesh , Suthar Renu , Angurana Suresh K. , Jayashree Muralidharan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is an uncommon and fulminant complication of seasonal influenza infection associated with high mortality and poor neurological outcome. We report a 4.5-year-old female who had pneumonia, ANEC, and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) with polymerase chain reaction proven H1N1 infection. Management included mechanical ventilation, invasive monitoring and control of ICP, oseltamivir, methylprednisolone, and supportive care in pediatric intensive care unit. She survived with poor neurological status at discharge.
Hidden Markov model-based activity recognition for toddlers
Authors: Albert Mark V , Sugianto Albert , Nickele Katherine , Zavos Patricia , Sindu Pinky , Ali Munazza , Kwon Soyang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective: Physical activity has been shown to impact future health outcomes in adults, but little is known about the long-term impact of physical activity in toddlers. Accurately measuring the specific types and amounts of physical activity in toddlers will help us to understand, predict, and better affect their future health outcomes. Although activity recognition has been extensively developed for adults as well as older children, toddlers move in ways that are significantly different from older children, indicating the need for a more tailored approach. Approach: In this study, 22 toddlers wore Actigraph waist-worn accelerometers which recorded their movements during guided play. The toddlers were videotaped and their activities were later annotated for the following eight distinct activity classes: lying down, being carried, riding in a stroller, sitting, standing, running/walking, crawling, and climbing up/down. Accelerometer data were extracted in 2 s signal windows and paired with the activities the toddlers were performing during that time interval. Main results: A variety of classifiers were tuned to a validation set. A random forest classifier was found to achieve the highest accuracy of 63.8% in a test set. To improve the accuracy, a hidden Markov model (HMM) was applied by providing the predictions of the static classifiers as observations. The HMM was able to improve the accuracy to 64.8% with all five classifiers increasing the accuracy an average of 1.3% points (95% confidence interval  =  0.7–1.9, p   <  0.01). When the three most misclassified activities (sitting, standing, and riding in a stroller) were collapsed together, the accuracy increased to 79.3%. Significance: Further refinement of the toddler activity recognition classifier will enable more accurate measurements of toddler activity and improve future health outcomes of toddlers.
Surface-polaritonic phase singularities and multimode polaritonic frequency combs via dark rogue-wave excitation in hybrid plasmonic waveguide
Authors: Asgarnezhad-Zorgabad Saeid , Sadighi-Bonabi Rasoul , Kibler Bertrand , Özdemir Şahin Kaya , Sanders Barry C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Material characteristics and input-field specifics limit controllability of nonlinear electromagnetic-field interactions. As these nonlinear interactions could be exploited to create strongly localized bright and dark waves, such as nonlinear surface polaritons, ameliorating this limitation is important. We present our approach to amelioration, which is based on a surface-polaritonic waveguide reconfiguration that enables excitation, propagation and coherent control of coupled dark rogue waves having orthogonal polarizations. Our control mechanism is achieved by finely tuning laser-field intensities and their respective detuning at the interface between the atomic medium and the metamaterial layer. In particular, we utilize controllable electromagnetically induced transparency windows commensurate with surface-polaritonic polarization-modulation instability to create symmetric and asymmetric polaritonic frequency combs associated with dark localized waves. Our method takes advantage of an atomic self-defocusing nonlinearity and dark rogue-wave propagation to obtain a sufficient condition for generating phase singularities. Underpinning this method is our theory which incorporates dissipation and dispersion due to the atomic medium being coupled to nonlinear surface-polaritonic waves. Consequently, our waveguide configuration acts as a bimodal polaritonic frequency-comb generator and high-speed phase rotator, thereby opening prospects for phase singularities in nanophotonic and quantum communication devices.
Control of footstep vertical vibration for Vierendeel truss – supported steel footbridges
Authors: Al-Azawi Thamir K , Abdulmajeed Mustafa W , Hashoosh Ali A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper three dimensional static and dynamic analyses for steel pedestrian bridges have been carried out. The footbridges considered are of a total length of (20, 30, 40 and 50m). The bridge is considered to act as continuous of two equal spans or as a two simply supported spans disconnected at the intermediate support. The latter design philosophy is advantageous in case of vehicle accidents so that only one half of the bridge will need maintenance. The bridge skeleton consists of two Vierendeel trusses acting as the main edge girders and the deck consists of parallel transverse sections covered with a steel plate. The BS5400 has been adopted in the present study for the footstep vibration serviceability. The bridge fundamental frequency and deck acceleration have been obtained and compared with the tolerable limits to avoid human discomfort. The analysis parameters were the bridge span, the height of the Vierendeel truss and whether the bridge is simply supported or continuous.
Results have shown that for the continuous bridges of spans less than or equal to 15m, the frequency is greater than the minimum limit and the vibration serviceability requirement is satisfied for the height range of the Vierendeel truss. For spans equal to or greater than 20m the frequency is less than the limit and the deck acceleration has been checked. For the simply supported bridges of spans 10m to 25m the frequency is less than the limit and the deck acceleration has been checked. For the same section properties the maximum acceleration has been increased by (10% to 50%) as compared with the continuous cases.
Depending on the mass and stiffness for different analysis cases, a regression analysis has been done to develop equations for estimating the fundamental frequency.
Punching shear strength of flat slabs strengthened with internal flexible CFRP patches
Authors: Assi Malik. H. , Taresh Noor. S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a strengthening method used for improving the punching shear strength of flat slabs. Square internal patches of carbon fiber reinforced polymer were placed at the center of 450×450mm fresh concrete slabs, through casting, at a distance from the bottom (tension) face, producing four specimens. The dimensions of these patches were from 60×60mm to 200×200mm. The results have shown that the strengthened specimens had higher punching shear strength in comparison to the control specimen, with an increasing rate ranging from 15 to 45 %. In addition to the sensibly improved shear strength, this strengthening method is capable of changing the mode of failure from combined flexural-punching to pure punching shear failure.
CFRP strengthening of steel plate girders with web openings subjected to shear and bending.
Authors: Kadhim Mohammed Abdulkareem , AbdulSahib Wael Shawky , Ali Ammar Abbas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present study illustrates the effect of applying combined shear and bending loading on steel plate girders having web openings strengthened with CFRP wrap. Five steel plate girders have been tested under the above-mentioned action; one of these plate girders which can be considered as a control specimen has no web opening whereas the other four girders have openings of circular or square cut-outs. Strengthening by attaching CFRP sheets using a type of adhesives has been applied to two of the plate girders, one with square opening and the other with circular web opening. Web opening size is chosen to have a depth equal to 40% of the web depth. In comparison with the reference girders with openings, results have shown that the ultimate load of the strengthened plate girder containing square and circular web openings increased 63.6% and 52.6%, respectively.
The influence of RPC thickness on hybrid beams under torsion
Authors: Mohammed Alyaa H , Hasan Qais A , Sarsam Kaiss F 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with the experimental investigation on torsion in hybrid reinforced concrete beams cast with conventional concrete (CC) at the core surrounded by reactive powder concrete (RPC) at the periphery. Hybrid concrete is usually used in structural members to resist flexure, shear and torsion.
Four reinforced concrete beams are cast and tested with dimensions: width 100mm, height 200mm and length 1500mm and the cross-sectional areas of the core in the specimen studied were (20×120) mm and (40×140) mm, respectively. All beams were cast and tested to failure by using two opposite cantilevers steel arms, which contribute to transferring the torque to the central part of the beam. One of the beams was of RPC. The second beam was CC only and the others were hybrid beams. Experimental data on ultimate capacity, cracking torsional loads, failure pattern and twisting angle for each of the beams were obtained. The experimental results show that the ultimate torsional strength value of hybrid beams was higher than conventional concrete beams by about (23.7-50.0) % and about (25.8-10.0) % lower than reactive powder concrete beam depending on the thickness of RPC.
Shear strength enhancement of reinforced self-compacting concrete box T-beams with different walled webs thickness using CFRP strips
Authors: Aziz Ali Hameed , Madhloom Mutaz Kahdom , Jasem Muhammad Ali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with the effect of walled webs thickness variation and strengthening by CFRP strips on structural performance of reinforced self-compacting concrete (SCC) box T-beams subjected to shear loads. Eight reinforced SCC beam specimens have a dimension of (1500×200×300mm) for length; width and height, respectively were poured and tested. Three variables were adopted in the present study, section type (box or solid), web thickness (50mm, 62.5mm, 75mm, and 200mm) and with or without strengthening by CFRP. Experimental results show that the increase of the wall web thickness leads to increase the ultimate strength by about (17%-38%); while the strengthening of beams using CFRP strips led to increasing in ultimate capacity by about (75%-111%). All tested beams were analyzed by finite element method using ANSYS software. Also, a parametric study was performed based on two variables, concrete compressive strength, and the strengthening by prestressing forces. It was observed there is a simulation between the finite element analysis and the experimental results of about (102%) for ultimate capacity. Also, the increase of concrete compressive strength to (50MPa) leads to increase in ultimate load capacity about (11-17%), while the ultimate capacity increased for about (78-82%) when the beams were prestressed.
Applying Earned Value to Construction Projects
Authors: Al-Fadhli Suaad Khaleel I. , Al-Bazaz Shahlaa Hikmat 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Construction projects are increasingly expanding and being more complex over the time, which needs special requirements at every stage of the life cycle of projects. Each project has specific characteristics and requirements that distinguish from others. The responsibilities and tasks of the parties which, involved in the project (the employer, the designer and the contractor) at each stage vary according to the projects and the implementation methods. The follow up and control of costs during implementation is one of the duties of the engineering department to know the real costs resulting from the implementation of the work. Therefore, the process of controlling costs is a continuous and substantial process, and it indicates the efficiency and success of management. EVM “earned value management is one of the tools which is used to track the progress of work performance in projects. It can indicates the deviations and variances in cost and time schedule of the projects in this research EVM was applied on a project of an administrative building. The application, which was on a specific status date, showed that this method is applicable to track the progress of the project performance, and gave a logical results that used to understand the tendency of work performance, also to predict the future performance.
Properties of slag-based geopolymer pervious concrete for ambient curing condition
Authors: Arioz Omer , Bzeni Dillshad K H , Zangy Rafah R A , Arioz Evren 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Cement consumption is increasing day by day due to the enormous expansion in the infrastructure system. Geopolymer concrete has been used to reduce the use of Portland cement. The purpose of the present work is to study some parameters related to the geopolymer binder material and could influence on the properties of ambient cured Geopolymer Pervious Concrete (GPPC). The parameters studied are: The amount of slag, concentration of NaOH, ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH, and alkaline activator solution to slag ratio. The amount of slag investigated was (300, 325 and 350). Concentration or the molarity (M) of NaOH ranged between 8 M to14 M with increment of 2 M, ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide varied from 1 to 3.5 with increase of 0.5, and alkaline solution to slag ratio was (0.25, 0.30 and 0.35). The experimental investigations were performed to measure the percentage of the flow of fresh GPPC, total void content, density, and compressive strength at the age of 3 days. The results have shown that slag-based GPPC ambient cured have gained high compressive strength at early age that could be sufficient for practical applications in road construction.