bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observational cohort study with internal and external validation of a predictive tool for identification of children in need of hospital admission from the emergency department: the Paediatric Admission Guidance in the Emergency Department (PAGE) score
Authors: Rowland Andrew , Cotterill Sarah , Heal Calvin , Garratt Natalie , Long Tony , Bonnett Laura Jayne , Brown Stephen , Woby Steve , Roland Damian 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo devise an assessment tool to aid discharge and admission decision-making in relation to children and young people in hospital urgent and emergency care facilities, and thereby improve the quality of care that patients receive, using a clinical prediction modelling approach.DesignObservational cohort study with internal and external validation of a predictive tool.SettingTwo general emergency departments (EDs) and an urgent care centre in the North of England.ParticipantsThe eligibility criteria were children and young people 0–16 years of age who attended one of the three hospital sites within one National Health Service (NHS) organisation. Children were excluded if they opted out of the study, were brought to the ED following their death in the community or arrived in cardiac arrest when the heart rate and respiratory rate would be unmeasurable.Main outcome measuresAdmission or discharge. A participant was defined as being admitted to hospital if they left the ED to enter the hospital for further assessment, (including being admitted to an observation and assessment unit or hospital ward), either on first presentation or with the same complaint within 7 days. Those who were not admitted were defined as having been discharged.ResultsThe study collected data on 36 365 participants. 15 328 participants were included in the final analysis cohort (21 045 observations) and 17 710 participants were included in the validation cohort (23 262 observations). There were 14 variables entered into the regression analysis. Of the 13 that remained in the final model, 10 were present in all 500 bootstraps. The resulting Paediatric Admission Guidance in the Emergency Department (PAGE) score demonstrated good internal validity. The C-index (area under the ROC) was 0.779 (95% CI 0.772 to 0.786).ConclusionsFor units without the immediate availability of paediatricians the PAGE score can assist staff to determine risk of admission. Cut-off values will need to be adjusted to local circumstance.Study protocolThe study protocol has been published in an open access journal: Riazet alRefining and testing the diagnostic accuracy of an assessment tool (Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust-Paediatric Observation Priority Score) to predict admission and discharge of children and young people who attend an ED: protocol for an observational study. BMC Pediatr 18, 303 (2018).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-018-1268-7.Trial registration numberThe protocol has been published and the study registered (NIHR RfPB Grant: PB-PG-0815–20034; ClinicalTrials.gov:213469).
Higher serum vitamin D levels are associated with decreased odds of obstructive lung disease in the general population: an NHANES analysis (2007–2008 to 2009–2010)
Authors: Seedahmed Mohamed Ismail , Baugh Aaron D , Kempker Jordan A 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundObstructive lung disease is a significant cause of morbidity and healthcare burden within the USA. A growing body of evidence has suggested that vitamin D levels can influence the course or incidence of obstructive lung disease. However, there is an insufficient previous investigation of this association.Study design and methodsWe used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles 2007–2008 and 2009–2010 spirometry results of individuals aged 40 years and older to assess the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and obstructive lung disease, as defined by the American Thoracic Society using the lower limit of normal. We used stage multivariate survey-logistic regression.ResultsThe final model included age, gender, body mass index, pack-years smoking history, season, income-to-poverty ratio and race/ethnicity. In the primary analysis using vitamin D as a continuous variable, there was no association between vitamin D levels and obstructive lung disease. We noted a trend between ‘other Hispanic’ self-identified race and serum vitamin D levels wherein higher levels were associated with higher odds of obstructive lung disease in this ethnicity, but not among other racial or ethnic groups (OR (95% CI)=1.40 (0.98 to 1.99), p=0.06). In a secondary analysis, when vitamin D was measured as a categorical variable, there was a significant association between the highest levels of serum vitamin D levels and lesser odds of obstructive lung disease (OR (95% CI)=0.77 [0.61 to 0.98], p=0.04).ConclusionsHigher serum vitamin D levels among adults are associated with decreased odds of obstructive lung disease in the general population. Results among non-Mexican Hispanic participants highlight the need for further research in minority populations. More work is needed to address the course and incidence of lung disease in the USA.
From Point Cloud to HBIM to FEA, the Case of a Vernacular Architecture
Authors: Zouaoui Mohamed Amine , Djebri Boualem , Capsoni Antonio 
Published: December 2020

The preservation of architectural heritage represents a major asset for economic development in several countries. Nevertheless, its protection remains a complex task due to its high vulnerability, especially in seismic zones.
The intervention on the historical buildings requires the creation of a numerical and digital support shared by the different building specialists (architects, conservators, engineers, designers), which can contain all of the data relating to the construction. This will allow to ensure not only a better interchangeability between the different disciplines but also a correct and coherent conception and execution of the interventions.
The introduction of 3D digitization tools, particularly the 3D laser scanner, plays a major role during the realization of the architectural survey. Indeed, the use of the architectural modeling software based on Building Information Modeling and Non-Uniform Rational Basis Spline allows first of all to move from the point cloud to an accurate 3D numerical model exploitable for various types of analysis, such as structural analysis, building archeology analysis, and thermal analysis.
We propose through this article an unprecedented application of the 3D laser scanner on an example of vernacular architecture, constituting a truly unique type of “Medina.” The object of the study is an aggregate composed of five houses, falling inside the Kasbah of Algiers, which since 1992 has been classified as “universal heritage” by UNESCO.
The architectural survey is followed by a demonstration of numerical modelling based on 10 grades of generation using two categories of software founded mainly on Building Information Modeling and Non-Uniform Rational Basis Spline. Two kinds of numerical models are obtained: a first architectural model will be exploited during the building archaeology principally based on the 3D scanning results and a second structural model that will be used for structural analysis through a Finite Element Analysis software.
Tight Bounds for Online TSP on the Line
Authors: Bjelde Antje , Hackfeld Jan , Disser Yann , Hansknecht Christoph , Lipmann Maarten , Meißner Julie , SchlÖter Miriam , Schewior Kevin , Stougie Leen 
Published: December 2020

We consider the online traveling salesperson problem (TSP), where requests appear online over time on the real line and need to be visited by a server initially located at the origin. We distinguish between closed and open online TSP, depending on whether the server eventually needs to return to the origin or not. While online TSP on the line is a very natural online problem that was introduced more than two decades ago, no tight competitive analysis was known to date. We settle this problem by providing tight bounds on the competitive ratios for both the closed and the open variant of the problem. In particular, for closed online TSP, we provide a 1.64-competitive algorithm, thus matching a known lower bound. For open online TSP, we give a new upper bound as well as a matching lower bound that establish the remarkable competitive ratio of 2.04.

Additionally, we consider the online D
IAL
-A-R
IDE
problem on the line, where each request needs to be transported to a specified destination. We provide an improved non-preemptive lower bound of 1.75 for this setting, as well as an improved preemptive algorithm with competitive ratio 2.41.

Finally, we generalize known and give new complexity results for the underlying offline problems. In particular, we give an algorithm with running time
O
(
n
2
) for closed offline TSP on the line with release dates and show that both variants of offline D
IAL
-A-R
IDE
on the line are NP-hard for any capacity
c
≥ 2 of the server.
O Palco e a Estrada: o lugar da performance no "Romance de Dom Pantero no Palco dos Pecadores", de Ariano Suassuna
Authors: Simões Ester Suassuna 
Published: December 2020

Ariano Suassuna (1927-2014) passou os últimos 30 anos de sua vida trabalhando no livro que chamava de “síntese” de toda a sua obra. O Romance de Dom Pantero no Palco dos Pecadores só veio a ser publicado postumamente em dezembro de 2017. Especula-se que um dos fatores que tornou longo o processo de escrita foi a busca pelo formato que permitisse a síntese almejada. Baseando-se em textos de autores como Azevedo (2007), Klinger (2008), Newton Junior (2017), Ravetti (2002), e Zumthor (2014), este trabalho investiga a importância da performance como solução para o projeto de síntese buscado por Suassuna em seu romance. Iniciamos por desvendar a figura do Dom Pantero, os heterônimos presentes no romance e o projeto da "ilumiara" de Suassuna para, em seguida, contextualizar o desenvolvimento de suas aulas-espetáculo, apresentações em que se fundiam duas de suas figuras performáticas: o palhaço e o professor. A importância do contar sertanejo e também a performance no objeto livro do Romance de Dom Pantero são em seguida abordadas.
Duas artesãs do Rio de Janeiro: as interações entre história de vida e produção artesanal
Authors: Almeida Desiree Bastos de , Coutinho Davison , Gonçalves Gamba Júnior Nilton 
Published: December 2020

A partir das histórias de vida de duas artesãs radicadas no Rio de Janeiro, o presente artigo discorre sobre as diferentes visões de arte e artesanato, que podem emergir quando se observa camadas mais profundas das biografias das artesãs. Este artigo pretende dar visibilidade à multiplicidade de sentidos e ao esfumaçamento dos mesmos quando abordamos aspectos como: a relevância do artesanato na produção artística; os ambientes de circulação dos artefatos; e influências de massificação que, os trabalhos autônomos podem sofrer.
On the inadequacy of environment impact assessments for projects in Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park of Goa, India: a peer review
Authors: Punjabi Girish , Jayadevan Anisha , Jamalabad Abhishek , Velho Nandini , Niphadkar-Bandekar Madhura , Baidya Pronoy , Jambhekar Ravi , Rangnekar Parag , Dharwadkar Omkar , Lopez Rhea , Rodrigues Marishia , Patel Farai Divan , Chandra Sagar H.S. Sathya , Banerjee Sayan , Chandi Manish , Mehrotra Nandini , Srinivasan Shashank , Shahi Sneha , Atkore Vidyadhar , Kulkarni Nirmal , Mallapur Gowri , Gawas Hanuman , Borker Atul , Prabhukhanolkar Rahul , Gauns Harshada S. , Halali Dheeraj , Shinde Vighnesh D. , Fernandez Katrina , Purdie Esme , Borkar Manoj R. 
Published: December 2020

The Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is a regulatory framework adopted since 1994 in India to evaluate the impact and mitigation measures of projects, however, even after 25 years of adoption, EIAs continue to be of inferior quality with respect to biodiversity documentation and assessment of impacts and their mitigation measures. This questions the credibility of the exercise, as deficient EIAs are habitually used as a basis for project clearances in ecologically sensitive and irreplaceable regions. The authors reiterate this point by analysing impact assessment documents for three projects: the doubling of the National Highway-4A, doubling of the railway-line from Castlerock to Kulem, and laying of a 400-kV transmission line through the Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park in the state of Goa. Two of these projects were recently granted ‘Wildlife Clearance’ during a virtual meeting of the Standing Committee of the National Board of Wildlife (NBWL) without a thorough assessment of the project impacts. Assessment reports for the road and railway expansion were found to be deficient on multiple fronts regarding biodiversity assessment and projected impacts, whereas no impact assessment report was available in the public domain for the 400-kV transmission line project. This paper highlights the biodiversity significance of this protected area complex in the Western Ghats, and highlights the lacunae in biodiversity documentation and inadequacy of mitigation measures in assessment documents for all three diversion projects. The EIA process needs to improve substantially if India is to protect its natural resources and adhere to environmental protection policies and regulations nationally and globally.
Formy wyrażające modalność imperceptywną w bułgarskich i polskich tekstach prasowych oraz na portalach informacyjnych
Authors: Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska Julia 
Published: December 2020

Forms Expressing Imperceptive Modality in Bulgarian and Polish Press Texts and on Internet News PortalsForms expressing imperceptive modality, whose semantic structure contains renarration and reservation about the truth of the utterance, are found both in Polish and in Bulgarian. In both languages, their lexical exponents include, for example, Pol. podobno, rzekomo, jakoby, Bul. вероятно, може би, сигурно ‘apparently’, ‘allegedly’, ‘supposedly’. Apart from these lexical markers, Bulgarian has a separate morphological form: the inferential mood (несвидетелско наклонение, преизказно наклонение). Considering Polish, in turn, we should note the quasi-morphological construction mieć ‘to have’ + infinitive, which is also used to express imperceptive modality. This article presents an analysis of the use of these forms in Polish and Bulgarian press texts and on Internet news portals. It also attempts to explain the high frequency of their use in the opinion-making media. Formy wyrażające modalność imperceptywną w bułgarskich i polskich tekstach prasowych oraz na portalach informacyjnychFormy wyrażające modalność imperceptywną, czyli zawierające w swej strukturze semantycznej jednocześnie renarrację i rezerwę prawdziwościową, występują zarówno w języku polskim, jak i bułgarskim. W obydwu językach temu celowi służą wykładniki leksykalne typu pl. podobno, rzekomo, jakoby, bg. вероятно, може би, сигурно. Poza wykładnikami leksykalnymi język bułgarski posiada dodatkową kategorię morfologiczną wyrażającą jednocześnie renarrację i rezerwę prawdziwościową, czyli formy narratywne (tzw. tryb nieświadka, bg. несвидетелско наклонение, преизказно наклонение). W języku polskim możemy natomiast zauważyć zwiększającą się częstotliwość użycia quasi-morfologicznej konstrukcji mieć + bezokolicznik. W artykule zaprezentowano analizę wykorzystania powyższych wykładników modalności imperceptywnej w polskich i bułgarskich tekstach prasowych oraz w internetowych portalach informacyjnych. Podjęto również próbę wyjaśnienia zwiększonej częstotliwości ich użycia w mediach opiniotwórczych.
Wybrane aspekty polskiej humanistyki cyfrowej z perspektywy językoznawczej
Authors: Kowalski Paweł 
Published: December 2020

Some Notions about Polish Digital Humanities in the Linguistic PerspectiveThis article is devoted to selected aspects of digital humanities in Poland, especially academic communication and linguistic metalanguage. Considerations in this respect have so far focused primarily on topics related to the use of digital tools in humanities research rather than those concerning the ontological status of this research field. This paper presents the impact of issues associated with digital humanities on language and communication space. The study focuses on how linguistic and communicative reality changes in contact with what is classified as digital humanities. The discussion considers word-formation, lexical and semantic phenomena in linguistic terminology, using material from the iSybislaw digital bibliography and other sources. Wybrane aspekty polskiej humanistyki cyfrowej z perspektywy językoznawczejArtykuł poświęcony jest wybranym aspektom humanistyki cyfrowej w Polsce w perspektywie komunikacji naukowej i metajęzyka językoznawstwa. Ma charakter wprowadzający, dlatego też zarysowane w nim tematy, różnorodne, lecz związane wspólnym słowem kluczowym, jakim jest językoznawstwo, mają na celu wskazanie możliwości badawczych, które stoją przed badaczami lingwistami. Dotychczasowe rozważania na temat humanistyki cyfrowej w Polsce koncentrują się głównie na kwestiach związanych z wykorzystywaniem i użytecznością narzędzi cyfrowych w badaniach humanistycznych, znacznie rzadziej dotyczą statusu ontologicznego tego pola badawczego. W niniejszym artykule przybliżam kwestię oddziaływania zagadnień łączonych z humanistyką cyfrową zwłaszcza na polską przestrzeń językową. Uwzględniam zjawiska słowotwórcze, leksykalne, semantyczne na gruncie słownictwa specjalistycznego (terminologii szeroko rozumianego językoznawstwa), wykorzystując także materiał z bibliografii cyfrowej iSybislaw.
Świątynia serbskich zwycięstw i pokus. Przyczynek do wizualnej teologii narodowej
Authors: Feder Aleksandra 
Published: December 2020

The Temple of Serbian Victories and Temptations: A Contribution to the Visual Theology of the NationOn the map of modern Belgrade, the Temple of Saint Sava is an object with a unique and complex symbolism. Its construction started in the 1930s and is still in progress: so far only the Crypt – the Orthodox church of Saint Prince Lazar – has been completed and richly decorated. This article considers the iconographic representations of Serbian historical figures found there, treating them as an example of the visual theology of the nation – Serbian nation. The aim of the study is to deconstruct self-beliefs about the spiritual condition of the Serbs and the mechanisms of mythologisation of the national past, which determine the perception of the community and its fate. Applying tools taken from semiotics, I analyse and interpret particular categories of iconography, a set of images that creates a socially shared symbolic meaning. Świątynia serbskich zwycięstw i pokus. Przyczynek do wizualnej teologii narodowejNa mapie współczesnego Belgradu Świątynia Świętego Sawy jest obiektem o wyjątkowej i złożonej symbolice. Jej zapoczątkowana w latach 30. XX wieku budowa trwa nadal, ukończona i bogato ozdobiona jest jedynie Krypta – dolna cerkiew pod wezwaniem świętego księcia Lazara. W tekście rozważam problematykę znajdujących się tam przedstawień ikonograficznych postaci znanych z serbskiej historii, traktując ten przekaz jako przykład wizualnej teologii narodu serbskiego. Zastanawiam się, w jaki sposób przestrzeń sakralna może wyrażać (auto)przekonania Serbskiej Cerkwi Prawosławnej o kondycji duchowej Serbów. Celem artykułu jest dekonstrukcja mechanizmów mitologizacji narodowej przeszłości, która to warunkuje postrzeganie własnych losów poprzez wspólnotę. Za pomocą narzędzi zaczerpniętych z semiotyki dokonuję analizy i interpretacji podzielonej na kategorie ikonografii stanowiącej zbiór obrazów, który może generować społecznie uwspólniony sens symboliczny.
Słowniki zapożyczeń świadectwem mocy języków (na przykładzie "Słownika polonizmów w języku litewskim" Rolandasa Kregždysa)
Authors: Rak Maciej 
Published: December 2020

Loanword Dictionaries as Evidence of the Power of Languages (on the Example of Słownik polonizmów w języku litewskim [Dictionary of Polish Loanwords in Lithuanian] by Rolandas Kregždys)Two publications by Rolandas Kregždys – Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodyno specifikacija / Charakterystyka słownika polonizmów w języku litewskim [Specification of the Dictionary of Polish Loanwords in Lithuanian] and Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodynas / Słownik polonizmów w języku litewskim [Dictionary of Polish Loanwords in Lithuanian], both published in Vilnius in 2016 in the series Studia Etymologica Baltica – enable a closer look at Polish-Lithuanian relations through the prism of lexis. As discussed in this article, there is a clear disparity in these relations. While the Lithuanian language adopted a lot of Polonisms (maybe even about 3,000), Lithuanian borrowings in the general Polish language are a resource of at most a dozen or so words. This can be explained by the power of the Polish language. Polish loans in Lithuanian are mostly old words (extracted from documents from the sixteenth–eighteenth centuries), including those originating from Western European languages. Thanks to them, the Polish language has enabled and strengthened cultural transmission, perpetuating the position of Lithuania in the sphere of Western (Latin) culture. Słowniki zapożyczeń świadectwem mocy języków (na przykładzie Słownika polonizmów w języku litewskim Rolandasa Kregždysa)Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodyno specifikacija / Charakterystyka słownika polonizmów w języku litewskim i Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodynas / Słownik polonizmów w języku litewskim Rolandasa Kregždysa, opublikowane w Wilnie w 2016 roku, w serii Studia Etymologica Baltica, pozwalają dokładniej spojrzeć na relacje polsko-litewskie przez pryzmat leksyki. W tych relacjach widać wyraźną dysproporcję. O ile litewszczyzna przejęła z języka polskiego bardzo dużo leksemów (może nawet ok. 3 tysięcy), o tyle pożyczki litewskie w polszczyźnie ogólnej to zasób najwyżej kilkunastu wyrazów. Można to wyjaśnić mocą języka polskiego. Polonizmy w litewszczyźnie to przede wszystkim dawne wyrazy (wynotowane z dokumentów z XVI–XVIII wieku). Są w tej grupie słowa przejęte z języków zachodnioeuropejskich. Dzięki nim polszczyzna umożliwiła i wzmocniła transmisję kulturową, utrwalając pozycję Litwy w kręgu kultury zachodniej (łacińskiej).