bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing and application of nuclear data for low temperature criticality assessment
Authors: Ware Tim , Hanlon David , Hanlon Tara , Hiles Richard , Lingard Malcolm , Perry Ray , Richards Simon 
Published: September 2020

Until recently, criticality safety assessment codes had a minimum temperature at which calculations can be performed. Where criticality assessment has been required for lower temperatures, indirect methods, including reasoned argument or extrapolation, have been required to assess reactivity changes associated with these temperatures.
The ANSWERS Software Service MONK® version 10B Monte Carlo criticality code, is capable of performing criticality calculations at any temperature, within the temperature limits of the underlying nuclear data in the BINGO continuous energy library. The temperature range of the nuclear data has been extended below the traditional lower limit of 293.6 K to 193 K in a prototype BINGO library, primarily based on JEFF-3.1.2 data. The temperature range of the thermal bound scattering data of the key moderator materials was extended by reprocessing the NJOY LEAPR inputs used to produce bound data for JEFF-3.1.2 and ENDF/B-VIII.0. To give confidence in the low temperature nuclear data, a series of MONK and MCBEND calculations have been performed and results compared against external data sources. MCBEND is a Monte Carlo code for shielding and dosimetry and shares commonalities to its sister code MONK including the BINGO nuclear data library. Good agreement has been achieved between calculated and experimental cross sections for ice, k-effective results for low temperature criticality benchmarks and calculated and experimentally determined eigenvalues for thermal neutron diffusion in ice.
To quantify the differences between ice and water bound scattering data a number of MONK criticality calculations were performed for nuclear fuel transport flask configurations. The results obtained demonstrate good agreement with extrapolation methods. There is a discernible difference in the use of ice and water data.
Results of the Collaborative International Evaluated Library Organisation (CIELO) Project
Authors: Fleming M. , Chadwick M. , Brown D. , Capote R. , Ge Z. , Herman M. , Ignatyuk A. , Ivanova T. , Iwamoto O. , Koning A. , Plompen A. , Trkov A. 
Published: September 2020

Simulation of nuclear systems requires complete data that represents the relevant nuclear physics. This requires many types of experimental measurements, theoretical physics, semi-empirical models and software systems, as well as experts to integrate and guide the process. This discipline is collectively known as nuclear data, and separate programmes within various European countries, the USA, Japan, Russia, and other OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) member countries have been operating for many decades. The NEA Working Party on International Nuclear Data Evaluation Co-operation (WPEC) exists to improve the quality and completeness of nuclear data by bringing together representatives of the major nuclear data evaluation projects of NEA member countries and selected Invitees. The Sub- and Expert Groups of the WPEC typically focus on specific technical topics, while the Collaborative International Evaluated Library Organisation Pilot Project (CIELO) was established to generate complete evaluations for a selection of the most important isotopes for criticality in nuclear technologies: 235,238U, 239Pu, 56Fe, 16O and 1H.
This project stimulated numerous activities, resulting in major contributions to the Special Issue of the Nuclear Data Sheets journal and the production of a suite of new nuclear data evaluations that have been incorporated in major nuclear data libraries ENDF and JEFF. The outcomes of these evaluations include significant harmonisa-tion of discrepancies between the independent programmes, improvement in the performance for international standard nuclear criticality and neutron transmission benchmarks, complete uncertainties for nearly all parameters and the utilisation of modern data storage technologies. This work has leveraged the considerable, parallel experimental work in collecting improved experimental measurements to support nuclear data and highlighted high-priority areas for further study. A productive and durable framework for international evaluation has been established which will build upon the lessons learned. These will continue through new WPEC groups and a new IAEA evaluation network, which has been initiated in response to the success of the CIELO project. This article summaries some performance feedback on the CIELO evaluations, including recent results, and will describe ongoing and future, planned CIELO-related collaborations to further advance our understanding.
Novel Choices of Cannula for Blood Delivery via Femoral Artery in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Yamamoto Tomohiro , Saito Takeshi , Shiraishi Shuichi , Asfour Boulos , Hraska Victor , Schindler Ehrenfried 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe previously presented a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) method with blood delivery via femoral artery cannulation for pediatric aortic arch repair operations using the Radifocus Introducer sheath. However, the flow rate with the Radifocus Introducer sheath is limited by accessory parts with the same structure having a smaller inner diameter among different sizes, rather than the sheath body. Therefore, we further devised a combination of the JELCO IV catheter, an extension tube, and a three-way stopcock with a larger opening to obtain more flow rate keeping the CPB circuit pressure significantly lower than when using the Radifocus Introducer sheath successfully.
Transitioning Ambulatory Medicine from Pediatrics to Adult Care for Patients with Epilepsy and Intellectual Disability
Authors: Miller Derryl , Felker Marcia , Ciccarelli Mary 
Published: September 2020

AbstractConsensus statements and clinical reports exist to guide the transition of youth from pediatric to adult healthcare services. Across the range of youth with no chronic health conditions to those with the most complex disabilities, the standards of practice continue to vary broadly across the country and internationally. Youth and young adults with combined conditions of epilepsy with intellectual disability are a small subset of the total population of young adults who share common needs. These include a system of supports that supplement each person's limitations in autonomy and self-management. Caregivers play significant roles in their lives, whether they are family members or paid direct service providers. Medical decision making and treatment adherence require specific adaptations for patients whose independence due to disability is unlikely. Key issues related to tuberous sclerosis complex, neurofibromatosis, and Rett and Sturge–Weber syndromes will be highlighted.
Technical communication pedagogical model (TCPM) for Malaysian vocational colleges
Authors: Jamaludin K. A. , Alias N. , DeWitt D. , Ibrahim M. M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPoor mastery of technical communication skills has affected the employability of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) graduates. This has arisen from the lack of communication between TVET institutions and the industry when designing a curriculum for technical communication skills development. In Malaysia, little emphasis is given to developing this skill. Therefore, the current study seeks to develop a technical communication pedagogical model (TCPM) by identifying the pertinent objective, content of learning, method of delivery and assessment method of TCPM, and the effect of the perceived importance of English language proficiency on the relationships of the pertinent curriculum components of TCPM. A survey questionnaire was developed and validated for content validation by seven experts from local industry and TVET institutions. A total of 205 English language instructors in Malaysian vocational colleges (MVC) were selected using a stratified random sampling method and responded to the questionnaire. Their responses were analyzed using the partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Analysis of reliability, discriminant and convergent validity, significance of relationship, predictive accuracy (R2), predictive relevance (Q2), effect size (f2), and mediation analysis was conducted to test the model. The overall findings indicated that all constructs have a positive and significant effect on perceived importance of TCPM (Objective: p = 0.012, t = 2.249, content of learning: p = 0.032, t = 1.852, assessment method: p = 0.000, t = 4.196), except for method of delivery (p = 0.301, t = 0.522). The coefficient of determination level is moderate (R2 = 0.526). Analysis of effect size (f2) indicates a small effect size for all constructs (objective: f2 = 0.032, content of learning: f2 = 0.027, assessment method: f2 = 0.116), except for method of delivery with an effect size of 0.002. In addition, this model achieved acceptable predictive relevance (Q2 = 0.316). On the other hand, the mediation analysis indicates that the perceived importance of English language proficiency only functions as a complementary partial mediator for content of learning and assessment method construct. In short, the TCPM model includes having the relevant objectives, content of learning, method of delivery and assessment method for implementing technical communication in MVC, components which are less emphasized in the current curriculum. It is hoped that, with its implementation in the MVC, graduate employability can be enhanced.
Relationship between the bacterial community structures on human hair and scalp
Authors: Watanabe Kota , Yamada Azusa , Nishi Yuri , Tashiro Yukihiro , Sakai Kenji 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, we investigated and compared characteristics of the bacterial community structures on hair (scalp hair) and scalp in 18 individuals. Significant differences were found between the sites, in terms of cell density, alpha and beta diversity, and relative abundance of the phyla, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, whereas no difference was found in relative abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria. Bacteria of the genus Cutibacterium showed similar relative abundance at both sites, whereas those of genus Pseudomonas were highly abundant on hair, and those of genus Staphylococcus were significantly lesser in abundance on hair than on scalp. Statistical correlations between the sites were high for the individual relative abundance of five major operational taxonomic units (OTUs). This suggests that the bacterial community structure on hair is composed of hair-specific genus, Pseudomonas, and skin-derived genera, Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus, and is distinguishable from other human skin microbiomes.
Preparation and characterization of a novel MR fluid with MWCNTs/GO composites coated ferromagnetic particles
Authors: Sun Chun-Li , Xu Zhao-Dong , Zhou Chen-Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Magnetorheological (MR) fluid is a typical intelligent material which is widely adopted in the mitigation of civil engineering structures, and it is normally composed of nano-sized or micro-sized iron particles, carrier fluids and additives. In the study, ferromagnetic particles coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) composites were prepared with grafting technology and the influence concerning ratio of MWCNTs, GO, grafting agent as well as carbonyl iron (CI) particles was studied to select the composite ferromagnetic particles which have the best effects of coating through surface topography analysis. In addition, the MWCNTs/GO composites coated CI particles and surfactants-modified CI particles were combined together to prepare a series of MR fluids with different ratio of the two compound ferromagnetic particles, volume fraction of total ferromagnetic particles and additives by the control variable method and the influence of the factors on the performances of MR fluids was investigated through sedimentation stability, re-dispersion, zero field viscosity and shear yield stress tests. The test results presented that the introduction of MWCNTs/GO composites coated CI particles was beneficial to the improvement of stability with sedimentation rate lower than 6%.
Coherent splitting of two-dimensional Bose gases in magnetic potentials
Authors: Barker A J , Sunami S , Garrick D , Beregi A , Luksch K , Bentine E , Foot C J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Investigating out-of-equilibrium dynamics with two-dimensional (2D) systems is of widespread theoretical interest, as these systems are strongly influenced by fluctuations and there exists a superfluid phase transition at a finite temperature. In this work, we realise matter-wave interference for degenerate Bose gases, including the first demonstration of coherent splitting of 2D Bose gases using magnetic trapping potentials. We improve the fringe contrast by imaging only a thin slice of the expanded atom clouds, which will be necessary for subsequent studies on the relaxation of the gas following a quantum quench.
Rapid multilayer microfabrication for modeling organotropic metastasis in breast cancer
Authors: Kwak Tae Joon , Lee Esak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most insidious forms of breast cancer with high rates of metastasis, resulting in major mortalities in breast cancer patients. To better understand and treat TNBC metastasis, investigation of TNBC interactions with blood vasculatures is crucial. Among multiple metastatic processes, a step of TNBC exit from the blood vessels (‘extravasation’) in the pre-metastatic organs determines the final site of the metastasis. Here, we present a rapid multilayer microfabrication method of transferring a three-dimensional (3D) overhang pattern to a substrate with a sacrificial layer to reconstitute a 3D blood vessel surrounded by the extracellular matrix containing organ-specific parenchymal cells. Bones and lungs are the most common sites of breast cancer metastasis. We modeled organotropic bone and lung metastasis in TNBC by introducing subpopulations of TNBC metastases into a vessel lumen surrounded by osteoblasts, bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells, and lung fibroblasts. We found that bone-like microenviroment with osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells promoted extravasation of the bone-tropic TNBC cells, whereas the lung-like microenviroment promoted extravasation of the lung-tropic TNBC cells. Given that these organ-specific parenchymal cells do not impact vascular permeability, our results suggest that the parenchymal cells dictate selective extravasation of the bone-tropic or lung-tropic TNBC cells in our system.
Effects of Er3+ concentration on the structure and optical properties of the MgAl2O4/MgO/Sr3Al2O6/SrAl2O4 mixed phases prepared by the citrate sol gel method
Authors: Dlamini C , Mhlongo M R , Koao L F , Motaung T E , Hlatshwayo T T , Dwivedi Y , Motloung S V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The mixed phases of the un-doped MgAl2O4/MgO/Sr3Al2O6/SrAl2O4 (MMSS), MgAl2O4/MgO (MM) Sr3Al2O6/SrAl2O4 (SS), and the doped MMSS:x% Er3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.8) nanopowders were synthesized using the citrate sol-gel method. The effect of Er3+ concentration on the structure, morphology and optical properties were investigated. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the cubical MgAl2O4, MgO and Sr3Al2O6; and monoclinic SrAl2O4 phases. The scanning electron microscopic images revealed the transformation of irregular particles to rod-like structure with an increase in Er3+ concentration. Transmission electron microscope indicated the nanosized particles depends on Er3+ concentration. Severals distinct absorption bands located at 444, 546, 653 and 704 nm under UV excitation (285 nm) corresponding to the defects states of the MgAl2O4, MgO, SrAl2O4, and Sr3Al2O6 phases were observed. There were traces of emission peaks at 546 and 653 nm attributed to the 4S3/2 → 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 transitions of Er3+ ion. An exponential decrease in luminescence was observed with an increase in Er3+ concentration.
Corrosion analysis and studies on prediction model of 16Mn steel by grey system theory
Authors: Xie Zhiping , Quan Bianli 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The accident caused by the corrosion of steel in the production of alumina has become an important issue. The corrosion behaviour of 16Mn steel was investigated using weightlessness, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry and grey system theory in the sulfur-containing alkaline solutions. This paper proposes three methods to improve prediction accuracy of GM(1, 1) model. Results indicated that corrosion time is the most important influence factor of the corrosion rate of 16Mn steel which satisfies the mathematical relationship of power function in the early stages of corrosion. The corrosion products is mainly composed of elements O, S, Fe, Al, Cr and C, and the particles with better crystallization are mainly oxides (Fe3O4), while the bulk particles are mainly sulfides (FeS). The accuracy of four GM(1, 1) prediction models is better than that of the power function, among which metabolic GM(1, 1) model is the best.
Improvement of alumina-based porous body fabricated by freeze casting route via alpha alumina/colloidal silica sol precursors
Authors: Parsa Saeb Saviz , Najafi Abolhassan , Golestanifard Farhad , Rezaie Hamid Reza 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, alumina-based porous bodies were fabricated by the freeze casting method, and the effects of solid content and freezing conditions on mechanical properties, water permeability, and microstructure of samples were thoroughly investigated. Microstructural evaluation revealed highly porous microstructures with unidirectionally aligned porosities in the samples. SEM micrographs exhibited uniform pores with an average size of 5 μm. Additionally, EDS analysis and SEM mapping showed a comprehensive interconnected porous framework among alumina particles fabricated by amorphous colloidal silica during the freezing step. Mullite phase was observed in the XRD patterns of the samples after sintering at 1400 °C for 2 h. Maximum compressive strength reached 145 MPa, and this significant mechanical strength was owing to the particle densification caused by the mullitazation reaction between alumina and silica during sintering. Physical properties measurements illustrated the minimum open porosity of 41 vol.% and the maximum bulk density of 2.1 g cm−3. Permeability assessment as an important factor to evaluate filtration efficiency showed at least 0.22 (g. cm−2. s−1.bar−1) water flow rate, which was approximately twice greater than that of other recent works.
Commissioning and quality assurance of Euromechanics add-on multileaf collimator
Authors: Rohani Seyed Aliasghar , Mahdavi Seied Rabi , Mostaar Ahmad , Rahimi Shaghayegh , Mohammadi Reza , Geraily Ghazale 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, the beam characteristics of a Euromechanics add-on MLC that has been installed on a Varian CLINAC 2100 C/D linear accelerator are presented. This was the first installation of 60-leaf PMLC from Euromechanics Company worldwide and all mechanical and dosimetric parameters were measured before clinical use of this kind of MLC. Mechanical tests were executed for different gantry and collimator angles. Leaf position accuracy and leaf gap reproducibility were checked with four different tests. The leaf transmissions, collimator (Sc), phantom (Sp), total (Sc,p) scatter factors, output of the machine, beam profiles for off-axis ratios, central axis depth dose, flatness, symmetry and penumbra have been measured for different field sizes pre and post MLC installation in 6 and 18 MV-mode. To evaluate the effect of new data on clinical plans, different beam setup configurations conformed with MLC and custom blocks were planned on CT images of thorax a CIRS phantom model 002LFC in the same treatment planning system. Leaf position in picket fence test found to be in range between 4.89–5.02 cm instead of nominal 5 cm, however the results of this test with EPIDs image and PIPSpro software showed the higher deviation rather than the results reported from the tests with EBT3 films. The measured data showed that on average Sc,p and Sc were increased 0.22% (P = 0.86) and 0.34% (P = 0.86) for 6 MV and 0.37% (P = 0.84) and 0.42% (P = 0.88) for 18 MV beams for different field sizes, respectively. Good agreement was observed between the PDD and profile curves pre and post MLC installation that was expected based on no changes in beam energy and geometry of the collimators. Based on the mechanical and dosimetry results which have been achieved from our different standard tests, it was found no significant differences between pre and post MLC installation values. This indicates, installation and using this system is clinically acceptable.
Long-distance delivery of laser-polarized 129Xe using a capillary tube
Authors: Asanuma Tatsuya , Hiraga Takashi , Hattori Mineyuki 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A long-distance delivery system for laser-polarized 129Xe that uses a capillary tube is described. To our knowledge, this is a first nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study of laser-polarized 129Xe fluid behavior that focuses on the effects of the length and inner diameter of the delivery tube of the system. It is found that the maximum signal intensity of laser-polarized 129Xe in a laminar flow is hardly affected by depolarization, even when a tube with a length of 10 m is used under continuous flow conditions. The sensitivity of Xe to its local magnetic environment was successfully applied to demonstrate the usefulness of fused silica capillary tubes with inner diameters ≤0.53 mm. Extensions of this technique should enable the more efficient delivery of 129Xe gas with the sustainable polarization of laser-polarized 129Xe.
Effects of calcination on structural properties and surface morphology of black volcanic ash
Authors: Alraddadi Shoroog 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, the effects of calcination on the structural properties and surface morphology of black volcanic ash were investigated. The chemical composition, texture properties, and thermal behavior of raw black volcanic ash were studied using x-ray fluorescence spectrometry, micromeritics surface area, porosity analyzer, and thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, respectively. According to the thermogravimetric results, the powder of raw volcanic ash was calcined at 800, 1000, and 1100 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy were employed to study the crystalline phase, mineralogical composition, and morphology of the calcinated volcanic ash. Based on the characterization of the XRD and Raman spectra, we observed that phase transformation started at 800 °C along with a change in color of volcanic ash from black to poor red. Moreover, the degree of crystallinity and peak intensity increased as the calcination temperature increased, without a significant change in the surface morphology. These findings can help in understanding the surface and bulk characteristics of black volcanic ash at high temperatures and serve to enhance their technological and economical applications.