bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oropharyngeal Cancer Patient Stratification Using Random Forest Based-learning Over High-dimensional Radiomic Features
Authors: Patel Harsh , Vock David , Marai Elisabeta , Fuller Clifton , Mohamed Abdallah , Canahuate Guadalupe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To improve risk prediction for oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients using cluster analysis on the radiomic features extracted from pre-treatment Computed Tomography (CT) scans.MATERIALS AND METHODS: OPC Patients were classified into 2 or 3 risk groups by applying hierarchical clustering over the co-occurrence matrix obtained from a random survival forest (RSF) trained over 301 radiomic features. The cluster label was included together with other clinical data to train an ensemble model using five predictive models (Cox, random forest, RSF, logistic regression, and logistic-elastic net). Ensemble performance was evaluated over an independent test set for both recurrence free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: The Kaplan-Meier curves for OS stratified by cluster label show significant differences for both training (p-val<0.0001) and testing (p-val=0.005). Inclusion of the cluster label outperforms clinical data only improving AUC from .60 to .76 and from .63 to .75 for OS and RFS, respectively. CONCLUSION: The extraction of a single feature, namely a cluster label, to represent the high-dimensional radiomic feature space reduces the dimensionality and sparsity of the data. Moreover, inclusion of the cluster label improves model performance compared to clinical data only and compares to the raw radiomic features performance.
Non-uniform Model of Relationship Between Surface Strain and Rust Expansion Force of Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Chen Fanxiu , Zhong Yichen , Gao Xinya , Jin Zuquan , Wang Endong , Zhu Feipeng , Shao Xinxing , He Xiaoyuan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
When operating within the environments rich with sodium chloride, steel bars of reinforced concrete structures are often subject to corrosion caused by surrounding erosive materials, and the associated rust expansion force due to corrosion takes a critical role in determining the durability of relevant reinforced concrete structures. By investigating the corrosion course of steel reinforcement with theory of elasticity, a numerical rust expansion model is established for the moment of concrete surface rupture based on non-uniform sin function. Cuboid reinforced concrete specimen with squared cross sections is tested to analyze the rust expansion when concrete cracks due to corrosive forces. The utility of the established expansion model is validated by numerical simulation with Abaqus through the comparison between the associated outcomes. The impacts of steel bar diameter and concrete cover thickness on the magnitude of rust expansion force are discussed.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on HIV care continuum in Jiangsu, China
Authors: Shi Lingen , Tang Weiming , Hu Haiyang , Qiu Tao , Marley Gifty , Liu Xiaoyan , Chen Yuheng , Chen Yunting , Fu Gengfeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic seriously threatens general public health services globally. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV care continuum in Jiangsu province, China.
Methods
Data for analysis was retrieved from the web-based Comprehensive Response Information Management System (CRIMS) for HIV/AIDS in China. We used time series model of seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and Exponential smoothing to predict the amount of HIV care services during the COVID-19 measures, and Chi-square were performed to assess subgroup differences.
Results
Overall, the testing rated decreased 49.0% (919,938) decrease in the first three months during the COVID-19 measures, as compared with the estimated number. Although an estimated of 1555 confirmatory tests were expected in the first three months during the COVID-19 measures, only 48.7% (757) confirmed HIV/AIDS cases were actually recorded. In the actual data during the first period of COVID-19, 980 clients received confirmatory tests, only 71.4% (700) were reportedly linked to care. Only 49.5% (235) out of the expected 475 estimated number of clients received CD4 cell count test services. Meanwhile 91.23% (208) had initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) which compared to 227 the estimated number of initiated ART. Compared with the same period during 2016 to 2019, PLWHIV who were less than 30, migrants were more likely to be influenced by the COVID-19 policies.
Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the HIV healthcare systems in Jiangsu, China. Further measures that can encounter the impact of the pandemic are needed, in order to maintain HIV care continuum.
A Rare Cause of Chronic Dysphagia: Pulmonary Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor with Distal Esophagus Invasion
Authors: Gu Yi-Min , Chen Long-Qi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is rare intermediate tumor, which happens mostly in children and young adults.Case presentationReported is the successful treatment of a 29-year-old man presented with progressively dysphagia and weight loss. No other abnormal symptoms were observed. The contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a dumbbell-shaped lesion between lung and esophagus. Finally, it was pathologically diagnosed as pulmonary IMT invading to the distal esophagus after operation. The patient underwent en bloc esophagectomy and left lower lobectomy, and was discharged on 10th postoperative day.ConclusionIMT is a rare lesion that usually occurs in the lung, but pulmonary IMT with distal esophagus invasion has not been described previously. Discriminating untypical symptom, completed resection, pathological expertise and closed follow-up will reach the successful diagnosis and treatment.
A Critical Role for The COP9 Signalosome Subunit 3 as A Gatekeeper of Genome Integrity in 2-Cell Mouse Embryos
Authors: Israel Steffen , Drexler Hannes , Fuellen Georg , Boiani Michele 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Investigations of genes required in early mammalian development are complicated by protein deposits of maternal products, which continue to operate after the gene locus has been disrupted. This leads to an underestimation of the number of genes known to be needed during the embryonic phase of cellular totipotency (up to the 4-cell stage). Here, we expose a critical role of the gene Cops3 by showing that it protects genome integrity during the 2-cell stage of mouse embryo development, in contrast to the previous functional assignment at postimplantation. This new role is mediated by a large, stable and hitherto overlooked deposit of maternal protein. Since protein abundance and stability defeat prospects of DNA- or RNA-based gene inactivation, we adopted a protein strategy of gene inactivation: antigen masking or TRIM21-mediated proteasomal degradation of COPS3. Both resulted in 2-cell embryo lethality, but the expected degradation remained outstanding, because the major fraction of the total COPS3 is secluded in a submembrane cortical rim that withstands extraction with detergent, thereby exposing a soluble vs. insoluble fraction of COPS3, which we ascribe with distinct functional properties. In mechanistic terms, transcriptomic and metabolic analyses reveal that soluble COPS3 is involved in several processes, which, however, converge on DNA endoreduplication and the accumulation of DNA strand breaks in the 2-cell nucleus, where the minor soluble fraction of COPS3 is placed. Thus, we have shown the critical role of maternal protein deposits in development, and we have also highlighted the distinction between the site of accumulation (cell cortex) and point of use (nucleus), which is a dimension of the protein-based strategies of gene inactivation not yet fully appreciated.
Clinical Impact of Serum Bilirubin Levels on Kidney Transplant Outcomes
Authors: Lee Juhan , Kim Eun Jin , Lee Jae Geun , Kim Beom Seok , Huh Kyu Ha , Kim Myoung Soo , Kim Soon Il , Kim Yu Seun , Joo Dong Jin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Serum bilirubin, a potent endogenous antioxidant, has been associated with decreased risks of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and kidney disease. However, the effects of serum bilirubin on kidney transplant outcomes remain undetermined. We analyzed 1628 patients who underwent kidney transplantations between 2003 and 2017. Patients were grouped into sex-specific quartiles according to mean serum bilirubin levels, 3-12 months post-transplantation. Median bilirubin levels were 0.66 mg/dL in males and 0.60 mg/dL in females. The intra-individual variability of serum bilirubin levels was low (9%). Serum bilirubin levels were inversely associated with graft loss, death-censored graft failure, and all-cause mortality, independent of renal function, donor status, and transplant characteristics. Multivariable analysis revealed that the lowest serum bilirubin quartile was associated with increased risk of graft loss (HR 2.63, 95% CI 1.67-4.16, P < 0.001), death-censored graft failure (HR 2.96, 95% CI 1.62-5.40, P < 0.001), and all-cause mortality (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.01-4.23, P = 0.046). Patients with lower serum bilirubin were also at greater risk of late-onset rejection and exhibited consistently lower glomerular filtration rates than those with higher serum bilirubin. Serum bilirubin levels were significantly associated with transplantation outcomes, suggesting that bilirubin could represent a therapeutic target for improving long-term transplant outcomes.
Rare Copy Number Variation Analysis in Chinese Children of Complete Atrioventricular Canal and Single Ventricle&nbsp;
Authors: Zhang Xingyu , Wang Bo , You Guoling , Xiang Ying , Fu Qihua , Yu Yongguo , Zhang Xiaoqing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defects. Copy number variations (CNVs) have been proved to be important genetic factors that contribute to CHD. Here, we screened pathogenic CNVs in Chinese children with two rare types of CHD, complete atrioventricular canal (CAVC) and single ventricle (SV) .Methods：We screened CNVs in 262 sporadic CAVC cases and 259 sporadic SV cases respectively, using a customized SNP array. The detected CNVs were annotated and filtered using available databases.Results: Among 262 CAVC patients, we identified 44 rare CNVs in 43 individuals (16.4 %, 43/262), including 2 syndrome-related CNVs (7q11.23 and 8q24.3 deletion). Surprisingly, 88.6% rare CNVs (39/44) were duplications of 21q11.2-21q22.3, which were categorized as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome, DS). In CAVC with DS patients, the female to male ratio was 1.6:1 (24:15), and the rate of pulmonary hypertension (PH) was 41% (16/39). Additionally, 6 rare CNVs were identified in the SV patients (2.3%, 6/259), and none of them was trisomy 21.Conclusions: Our study identified 50 rare CNVs in 262 CAVC and 259 SV patients, representing the largest cohort of these two rare CHD types in Chinese population. The results provided strong correlation between CAVC and DS, which also showed sex difference and higher incidence of PH. The presence of rare CNVs suggests the etiology of complex CHD is incredibly diverse, and CHD candidate genes remain to be discovered.
Effect of Cutting Flute Offset and Surface Treatment on Self-tapping Bone Screw
Authors: Chen Changsheng , Ji Aimin , Zhao Zhonghang , Fu Lingjie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Self-tapping bone screws hard to insert will brings many surgical risks such as damage the bone, screw failure. This study investigated the effect of different cutting flute offset and different surface treatment on the insertion torque and pullout strength for self-tapping bone screws.Methods: Titanium alloy screws with five types cutting flute offset and two types surface treatment, were tested for maximum insertion torque and pullout strength in a simulation cortical bone material. One group of each type surface treatment screws were tested for torsional properties. All tests were principally performed according to bone screws test standard. Results: For two types surface treatment, the insertion torque of design with 0.4mm offset was less than others cutting flute offset (p＜0.05), and the pullout strength of design with 0.2mm offset was bigger than others group (p＜0.05). Compared two surface treatment, the insertion torque of dark anodized screws was less than bead blasted, and the former pullout strength was bigger than the latter screws with the offset from 0mm to 0.4mm(p＜0.05).Conclusions: The study results show that different cutting flute offset design and surface treatment effect on the insertion torque, and the bigger cutting flute offset has the lower inserting resistance, and the comprehensive performance of dark anodized screws were better than bead blasted.
Clinical Characteristics and Nomogram for Adult Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiao , Lin Yu-jia , Wang Xian-zhi , Zeng Xiang-min , li Qiang , Zhang Xu-he 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and independent prognostic factors in adult patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), followed by construction of nomogram-based prognostic prediction model for adult MTC.Methods: Relevant subjects were retrieved from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program from January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2014. According to the multivariate analysis, the 3- and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) in MTC patients was predicted by constructing a nomogram. Results: In total, 1279 patients diagnosed with primary MTC were extracted from the SEER database. The 3-, 5-and 10-year CSS rates were 91.11%, 88.32%, and 81.63%, respectively. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed that advanced AJCC stage and elderly age were independent unfavorable prognostic factors, and that surgery and radical lymph node dissection were protective prognostic factors (all P＜0.05). In addition, radiotherapy was independently related to the decreased survival. The C-index of nomogram was 0.902 (95% CI: 0.878–0.926) for the internal validations. Calibration plot revealed satisfactory agreement between the actual findings and predicted outcomes.Conclusion: The nomogram could individually and precisely predict the CSS of MTC patients, which could be used to facilitate in individualized prognostic assessment evaluation and clinical decision-making.
Genetic Dependency of Alzheimer’s Disease-associated Genes Across Cells and Tissue Types
Authors: Jaladanki Suraj K , Elmas Abdulkadir , Malave Gabriel Santos , Huang Kuan-lin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Multiple genes with genetic variants or expression changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been identified. Altering their expression and activity levels serve as potential therapeutic strategies, yet the cellular implications of such alterations remain largely unknown. Methods Cellular dependencies of 105 AD-associated genes, previously identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and gene expression network studies, were evaluated in over 700 cell lines with CRISPR knockout/RNAi knockdown screen data. Expression-driven dependencies were examined within multiple tissue lineages. ResultsMultiple genes showed widespread cell dependencies across tissue lineages, suggesting their inhibition may yield off-target effects. SPI1, MEF2C, GAB2, and ABCC11 were identified as genes of interest since their genetic knockouts specifically affected high-expressing cells of the hematopoietic and lymphoid lineage related to microglia. Other genes exhibiting expression-driven dependencies include ACTG1 in autonomic ganglia and GLS in central nervous system lineages. Conclusions Analyses of genetic screen data identified AD-associated genes whose knockout or knockdown selectively affected cell lines of relevant tissue lineages, prioritizing targets for potential AD treatments.
How to Recognize and Manage Psychosomatic Pain in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Cozzi Giorgio , Lucarelli Annunziata , Borrometi Fabio , Corsini Ilaria , Passone Eva , Pusceddu Sara , Morabito Giuliana , Barbi Egidio , Benini Franca 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aim: Children and adolescents affected by somatization and somatic symptom disorder commonly refer to emergency services. Due to the absence of specific guidelines for the emergency setting and to a possible lack of knowledge, these patients are at risk of being unrecognized and mismanaged. This study aims at proposing a clinical practice to approach and manage these patients and their families in the emergency setting.Methods: This manuscript derived from the work of a research group of italian pediatric emergency physicians and anesthesiologists, with an expertise in pain management, members of the PIPER group. The research group reviewed the literature about psychosomatic pain and somatic symptom disorder and developed a clinical practice specific for the pediatric emergency setting. Results: The manuscript provides information about the main clinical features shared by patients with psychosomatic pain and about current diagnostic criteria and appropriate management in the emergency setting. Furthermore, it highlights the possible pitfalls in which the emergency physician may run into dealing with these patients.Conclusion: This clinical practice should be seen as a starting point toward a better understanding of patients with psychosomatic pain and a standardization of care in the pediatric emergency setting.
Sex Differences in Non-strangulated Postoperative Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yamamoto Yuta , Miyagawa Yusuke , Kitazawa Masato , Tanaka Hirokazu , Kuroiwa Masatsugu , Hondo Nao , Koyama Makoto , Nakamura Satoshi , Tokumaru Shigeo , Muranaka Futoshi , Soejima Yuji 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) is one of the major causes of postoperative morbidity. Conservative treatment is generally applied to non-strangulated ASBO. Several factors have been reported to affect the response to conservative treatment in patients with ASBO. However, the association between sex differences and non-strangulated ASBO remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of sex differences in non-strangulated postoperative ASBO.Methods: We divided 192 admissions of 99 patients with non-strangulated postoperative ASBO into two groups: the male group (n = 137) and female group (n = 55). Clinical features and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results: Female patients had significantly poorer performance status (p < 0.001) and lower proportions of esophageal/gastric malignancies (p = 0.002), colorectal malignancies (p = 0.034), and history of ASBO (p = 0.028) than male patients. More female patients failed conservative treatment (p = 0.036) than male patients. Hospital length of stay (LOS) was longer (p = 0.002) in the female group than in the male group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female sex was associated with increased odds of requiring elective surgery (odds ratio 2.381, p = 0.040). The Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that female sex was an independent predictor of hospital discharge (hazard ratio 0.651, p = 0.015).Conclusion: Female sex adversely affected the response to conservative treatment and LOS in patients with non-strangulated postoperative ASBO.
Lack of autonomy in facility-based births makes women become absentees of maternity services in Somaliland fragile contexts - a qualitative study
Authors: Egal Jama Ali , Essa Amina , Yusuf Rahma , Osman Fadumo , Allvin Marie Klingberg- , Erlandsson Kerstin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveSomaliland has high levels of both maternal and infant mortality. This has been attributed, in part, to the fact that nearly 80% of births in the country take place at home, with women assisted by Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA) who have limited medical knowledge when it comes to obstetric complications. In this study we aim to capture multipara women’s decision-making when choosing the place of birth, illuminated by their experiences of maternity services in SomalilandDesignAn explorative qualitative approach using individual interviews conducted in Somaliland with 25 multiparous women who had experience of both a home and facility-based birth within the last three years.FindingsThe main finding of this study was the description of how valuable autonomy and respectful care were for Somaliland women. Respectful care and the cost of maternity services were vital parts of women’s autonomous decision-making when choosing a place of birth. Disrespectful care in maternity services made low-risk pregnancy women chose homebirth instead of a health facility birth. Women who had previous high-risk pregnancies that suggested they should be returnees to facility-based antenatal care, were still planning for a homebirth as their first choice.Key conclusionThis qualitative study was conducted in the fragile context of Somaliland and suggest a need to transform maternal and child health clinics into midwifery-led birthing centers that promote natural birth. It is further important to create new roles and responsibilities for TBAs that link them to the formal health system assuring timely health care seeking during pregnancy and in relation to delivery. There is a need to conduct a country-wide study on the availability and distribution of healthcare providers and to construct a long-term sustainable plan to assure quality and equal access to maternal health care in the country.