bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melatonin-stimulated MSC-derived exosomes improve diabetic wound healing through regulating macrophage M1 and M2 polarization by targeting the PTEN/AKT pathway
Authors: Liu Wei , Yu Muyu , Xie Dong , Wang Longqing , Ye Cheng , Zhu Qi , Liu Fang , Yang Lili 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
After surgery, wound recovery in diabetic patients may be disrupted due to delayed inflammation, which can lead to undesired consequences, and there is currently a lack of effective measures to address this issue. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exo) have been proven to be appropriate candidates for diabetic wound healing through the anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated whether melatonin (MT)-pretreated MSCs-derived exosomes (MT-Exo) could exert superior effects on diabetic wound healing, and we attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Methods
For the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of MT-Exo, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed. For in vitro research, we detected the secreted levels of inflammation-related factors, such as IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 via ELISA and the relative gene expression of the IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, Arg-1 and iNOS via qRT-PCR and investigated the expression of PTEN, AKT and p-AKT by Western blotting. For in vivo study, we established air pouch model and streptozotocin (STZ)-treated diabetic wound model, and evaluated the effect of MT-Exo by flow cytometry, optical imaging, H&E staining, Masson trichrome staining, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence, and qRT-PCR (α-SMA, collagen I and III).

Results
MT-Exo significantly suppressed the pro-inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α and reduced the relative gene expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and iNOS, while promoting the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 along with increasing the relative expression of IL-10 and Arg-1, compared with that of the PBS, LPS and the Exo groups in vitro. This effect was mediated by the increased ratio of M2 polarization to M1 polarization through upregulating the expression of PTEN and inhibiting the phosphorylation of AKT. Similarly, MT-Exo significantly promoted the healing of diabetic wounds by inhibiting inflammation, thereby further facilitating angiogenesis and collagen synthesis in vivo.

Conclusions
MT-Exo could promote diabetic wound healing by suppressing the inflammatory response, which was achieved by increasing the ratio of M2 polarization to M1 polarization through activating the PTEN/AKT signalling pathway, and the pretreatment of MT was proved to be a promising method for treating diabetic wound healing.

Graphical abstract: MT-Exo promotes diabetic wound healing by regulating M1 and M2 macrophage polarization.
Protective effect of Insect tea primary leaf (Malus sieboldii (Regal) Rehd.) extract on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in human embryonic kidney 293T cells
Authors: Zhang Jing , Wang Hong , Yi Sha , Guo Zemei , Huang Yue , Li Weifeng , Zhao Xin , Liu Huazhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, Insect tea primary leaf (Malus sieboldii(Regal) Rehd.) was used as the research object to investigate the protective effect of Insect tea primary extract (ITPLE) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in human embryonic kidney 293T cells (HEK 293T cells) and the mechanism of action of the main active components. The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)- 2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the toxicity of ITPLE to HEK 293T cells in vitro as well as its protective effect against (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in HEK 293T cells. In addition, various assay kits were used to measure oxidation-related indicators in HEK 293T cells, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of oxidation-related genes in HEK 293T cells. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used to characterize active components in ITPLE. The experimental results revealed that the ITPLE had no toxic effect on cells in the range of 0–200 μg/mL, and, in this range, exhibited a concentration-dependent protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in HEK 293T cells. It was also found that the ITPLE can reduce the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and increase the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT)in oxidative damage HEK 293T cells. The qPCR analysis results also showed that the ITPLE upregulated the mRNA expression levels ofSOD,CAT, GSH and GSH-Px in HEK 293T cells damaged by H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The HPLC analysis identified 7 bioactive components in the ITPLE, including neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, kaempferin, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A and hesperidin. This study reveals that ITPLE is rich in active compounds and has good antioxidant effect in vitro, thus it has the potential to be developed into a traditional Chinese medicine and functional drinks.
Lateralization of attention in adults with ADHD: Evidence of pseudoneglect
Authors: Helfer Bartosz , Maltezos Stefanos , Liddle Elizabeth , Kuntsi Jonna , Asherson Philip 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background.
We investigated whether adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show pseudoneglect—preferential allocation of attention to the left visual field (LVF) and a resulting slowing of mean reaction times (MRTs) in the right visual field (RVF), characteristic of neurotypical (NT) individuals —and whether lateralization of attention is modulated by presentation speed and incentives.

Method.
Fast Task, a four-choice reaction-time task where stimuli were presented in LVF or RVF, was used to investigate differences in MRT and reaction time variability (RTV) in adults with ADHD (n = 43) and NT adults (n = 46) between a slow/no-incentive and fast/incentive condition. In the lateralization analyses, pseudoneglect was assessed based on MRT, which was calculated separately for the LVF and RVF for each condition and each study participant.

Results.
Adults with ADHD had overall slower MRT and increased RTV relative to NT. MRT and RTV improved under the fast/incentive condition. Both groups showed RVF-slowing with no between-group or between-conditions differences in RVF-slowing.

Conclusion.
Adults with ADHD exhibited pseudoneglect, a NT pattern of lateralization of attention, which was not attenuated by presentation speed and incentives.
The Flight of the Dragon
Authors: McCausland Shane 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
After his expulsion from the Forbidden City in 1924, China's “last emperor,” Henry Puyi 溥儀 (1906–1967), settled in Tianjin, where he later presented parting gifts to his former English tutor, Reginald F. Johnston [Zhuang Shidun] 莊士敦 (1874–1938), among them an album by the Nanjing painter Chen Shu 陳舒 (active ca. 1649–ca. 1687) from the ex-Qing (1644–1911) imperial collection and an inscribed folding fan. These are now reunited in the library collection of SOAS University of London, where Johnston taught Chinese after his return to Britain in 1931. Together with Puyi's preface transcribed by courtier-calligrapher Zheng Xiaoxu 鄭孝胥 (1860–1938) for Johnston's memoir, Twilight in the Forbidden City (1934), these artworks pave the way for an investigation of the practice of connoisseurship at Puyi's court-in-exile in China's era of modernism, including Puyi's use of the imperial collection and his selection of these gifts even while he was shaping to become Japan's puppet emperor in Manchuria (r. 1934–1945). The study roams beyond the well-known network of Puyi and his court advisers among the yilao 遺老 (Qing “old guard”) to uncover an unexpected modernist connection with the progressive young artist, publisher, and tastemaker Zheng Wuchang 鄭午昌 (1894–1952), a leading actor in the reform of guohua 國畫 ink painting. This study rediscovers how Zheng Wuchang contributed the painting to an inscribed handscroll, Flight of the Dragon (or, A Storm and a Marvel 風異圖), which commemorated, for the court's inner circle, Puyi's dramatic escape from the Forbidden City amid the realities of a modern, Republican world.
One Painting, Two Emperors, and Their Cultural Agendas
Authors: Wang Cheng-hua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This research focuses on one of the most famous paintings made at the court of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911)—Qingming shanghe (Up the River during Qingming). Commissioned by the Yongzheng emperor (r. 1723–1735) and completed in the second year of the Qianlong emperor's reign (1736–1795), the painting is a rare example of Qing court art that reveals how Qianlong furthered his father's artistic vision while formulating his own in the first fifteen years of his long tenure as ruler. This vision involved how to reinterpret and reinvent the Chinese painting tradition through time-honored themes. The article is divided into four sections. In the first, it brings attention to the salient and crucial but long neglected stylistic features of the painting—those that emphasize theatricality and spectatorship. These interconnected features link and characterize the paintings commissioned by Yongzheng. The second section shifts to discuss the emerging cultural agenda of Yongzheng as seen through the manner in which court art references the Chinese painting tradition. The most remarkable act regards the reinterpretation of old painting themes that include Qingming shanghe and Baijun tu (One Hundred Horses). The third section analyzes how the paratextual elements of Qingming shanghe, especially Qianlong's poem and inscription, inform us of the emperor's views about the production mechanism of court painting and the political meaning of this work. The last section, based on Qianlong's understanding of the painting, highlights the emperor's cultural agenda associated with the idea of yuanben, which pointed to new versions of old themes made by his painting academy.
DO PROPOSTO PELOS DOCUMENTOS OFICIAIS QUE REGEM A EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL AO REALIZADO EM UMA ESCOLA PRIVADA DA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO: ANÁLISE DE SITUAÇÕES DO COTIDIANO
Authors: Vercelli Ligia de Carvalho Abões , Vale Arielly Stephanie Silva 
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Este artigo, excerto de uma pesquisa em andamento, com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil - Capes - Código de Financiamento 001) tem por objetivo analisar o que é proposto pela legislação que rege a Educação Infantil a fim de verificar se e como tais propostas foram realizadas no cotidiano de uma escola privada localizada na cidade de São Paulo. Buscamos responder a seguinte pergunta: Qual a postura de uma professora de Educação Infantil diante das crianças de 3 anos de idade? A metodologia, de cunho qualitativo, adotou como procedimento de coleta de dados a observação de situações cotidianas e seus respectivos registros. As observações foram realizadas no decorrer do ano de 2018 por uma aluna que, à época, cursava o sexto semestre do curso de Pedagogia e participava do grupo de iniciação científica. Os resultados apontam que as crianças não têm autonomia de acesso aos materiais, seus corpos ficam inertes aguardando autorização da professora a fim de que o ambiente fique organizado. O período de adaptação foi realizado conforme orientações dos documentos.Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil. Documentos oficiais. Situações cotidianas.
Widefield quantitative phase imaging by second-harmonic dispersion interferometry
Authors: Brandi Fernando , Wessel Frank 
Published: June 2020

Widefield optical characterization of transparent samples is of great importance for gas flow and plasma diagnostics, for example, as well as label-free imaging of biological samples. An optically transparent medium, however, cannot be imaged by techniques based on intensity contrast imaging. Very well-known qualitative phase-contrast imaging methodologies are routinely used to overcome this limitation, and quantitative phase-imaging approaches have also been developed. Here we report the demonstration of, to the best of our knowledge, a novel widefield quantitative phase-imaging technique, based on fully common-path second-harmonic dispersion interferometry that is combined with pixel-by-pixel homodyne dual-channel polarization-dependent phase detection. The device is tested in a harsh environment reaching sub-10 mrad harmonic phase dispersion sensitivity and a spatial resolution of several tens of microns with an optical configuration that is very stable and easy to implement. The time resolution of the demonstrated device is 600 ps, set by the laser-pulse time duration.
The Puppet Caliphs and the Titular Heads of State: the 'Abbasid Caliphate Under the Buyids' Reign
Authors: Saleh Fauzan 
Published: June 2020

Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah yang berlangsung selama lima abad lebih telahmengalammi masa pasang surut dengan dinamika yang tinggi. Di masakejayaannya, kekhalifahan Abbasiyah merepresentasikan zamankeemasan Islam dengan kemajuan peradabannya. namun dalam masasurutnya, Abbasiyah telah jatuh dalam dominasi penguasa asing,termasuk amir al-umara' dari dinasti Buyid. Para penguasa militer yangmestinya tunduk kepada khalifah ini justru telah memainkan peran yangjauh lebih menentukan, bahkan lebih berkuasa dari khalifah sendiri.Hal ini terjadi karena lemahnya posisi khalifah, sehingga hampir seluruhhak dan kewenangannya di ambil alih oleh penguasa militer tersebut.Dalam kondisi seperti itu menurut al-Mawardi,khalifah seperti itu tidak berhak lagi mendudukijabatannya dan ia harus diturunkan. Namun, meskipun para khalifahAbbasiyah telah kehilangan kekuasaan eksekutifnya, mereka ternyatamasih dapat mempertahankan kedudukan mereka, bahkan hingga jauhsetelah kekuasaan dinasti Buyid itu sendiri hancur. Bagi kaum Sunni,seperti apapun bentuknya, keberadaan khalifah harus tetapdipertahankan sebagas simbol pemerintahan yang sah dan sebagaimanifestasi dari kesatuan seluruh amat Islam.
Baghdad’s Fall and Its Aftermath: Contesting the Central Asian Political Background and the Emergence of Islamic Mongol Dynasties
Authors: Karim Muhammad Abdul 
Published: June 2020

The sack of Baghdad is a dramatic event which was immediately followed by several key historical events, including the rise of Islamic Mongol. Founded by Chengiz Khan, the Mongol are the destroyer machine who previously ended the glory of Islam in 13th century Middle East. A lot has been said concerning that dramatic siege, but little has been discussed regarding the continuation between the siege and the “reverse flow” of the Mongols as the unique events in the aftermath of the Baghdad’s fall. The object of this paper is to examine the siege of Baghdad in the light of Central Asian frame and to explore the important events in the aftermath of the siege which are related to the rise of the Islamic Mongol Dynasties. [ Jatuhnya Baghdad merupakan peristiwa tragis yang diikuti oleh sejumlah peristiwa lain, termasuk munculnya kerajaan Mongol Islam. Dibawah kepemimpinan Chengisz Khan, Mongol berhasil menggantikan kejayaan Islam di Timur Tengah abad ketigabelas. Banyak studi yang telah mengkaji peralihan tersebut, namun sedikit yang membahas kelanjutan proses tersebut dan arus balik Mongol pasca jatuhnya Baghdad. Artikel ini membahas peralihan Baghdad dibawah konstelasi Asia Tengah dan peristiwa penting dibalik pendudukan Mongol hingga munculnya dinasti Islam Mongol.]
Between the Influence of Customary, Dutch, and Islamic Law: Jaksa Pepitu and Their Place in Cirebon Sultanate History
Authors: Tendi Tendi , Marihandono Djoko , Abdurakhman Abdurakhman 
Published: June 2020

The field of law is an interesting matter in the study of Indonesian history. The meddling of the various elements of culture and tradition due to political dynamics and power in the nation’s history, making law in Indonesia one type of hybrid entity. The interference of the law was not only seen from its legal products, but also from the bodies given the responsibility to enforce the law at that time. One of the prosecutors’ agency that had existed in the past was Jaksa Pepitu. This study aims to reveal the origins of the Jaksa Pepitu, elaborate on their works in the field of law in Cirebon environment, and describe the legal influences that contributed to the color of this collegial council. By way of historical research methodology and narrative approach, it can be seen that the prosecutor’s council is the agency essential in the practice of law. They were linked to Cirebon princes and can be appointed through VOC approval. In addition, the actions of the prosecutors can be seen from the position, independence, and authority they have. The various things surrounding the Jaksa Pepitu indicate that it is legal institution influenced by customary, Western and Islamic laws. [Bidang hukum menjadi hal yang menarik dalam kajian sejarah Indonesia. Percampuran pelbagai unsur budaya dan tradisi akibat adanya dinamika politik dan kekuasaan dalam perjalanan bangsa, membuat hukum di Indonesia menjadi salah satu jenis hukum yang bersifat hybrid. Percampuran hukum itu tidak hanya dilihat dari produk hukum yang dihasilkan, namun juga dapat ditelisik dari badan yang diberi tanggung jawab untuk menegakkan hukum pada masa itu. Salah satu badan jaksa yang pernah eksis di masa lalu adalah Jaksa Pepitu. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan asal muasal Jaksa Pepitu, menguraikan kiprahnya dalam bidang hukum di lingkungan Cirebon, dan mendeskripsikan pengaruh-pengaruh hukum yang turut memberi warna dewan kolegial ini. Dengan metodologi penelitian sejarah dan pendekatan naratif yang dilakukan, dapat diketahui bahwa dewan jaksa itu merupakan badan penanggung jawab bidang hukum. Mereka memiliki keterkaitan dengan para pangeran Cirebon dan dapat diangkat dengan persetujuan VOC. Selain itu, kiprah para jaksa ini dapat dilihat dari posisi, independensi, dan wewenang yang mereka miliki. Adapun pelbagai hal yang mengitari Jaksa Pepitu menunjukkan bahwa mereka ini adalah badan yang dipengaruhi oleh hukum adat, Barat, dan Islam.]
HydraList
Authors: Mathew Ajit , Min Changwoo 
Published: June 2020

Increased capacity of main memory has led to the rise of in-memory databases. With disk access eliminated, efficiency of index structures has become critical for performance in these systems. An ideal index structure should exhibit high performance for a wide variety of workloads, be scalable, and efficient in handling large data sets. Unfortunately, our evaluation shows that most state-of-the-art index structures fail to meet these three goals. For an index to be performant with large data sets, it should ideally have time complexity independent of the key set size. To ensure scalability, critical sections should be minimized and synchronization mechanisms carefully designed to reduce cache coherence traffic. Moreover, complex memory hierarchy in servers makes data placement and memory access patterns important for high performance across all workload types.
In this paper, we present HydraList, a new concurrent, scalable, and high performance in-memory index structure for massive multi-core machines. The key insight behind our design of HydraList is that an index structure can be divided into two components (search and data layers) which can be updated independently leading to lower synchronization overhead. By isolating the search layer, we are able to replicate it across NUMA nodes and reduce cache misses and remote memory accesses. As a result, our evaluation shows that HydraList outperforms other index structures especially in a variety of workloads and key types.
An LSM-based tuple compaction framework for Apache AsterixDB
Authors: Alkowaileet Wail Y. , Alsubaiee Sattam , Carey Michael J. 
Published: June 2020

Document database systems store self-describing semi-structured records, such as JSON, "as-is" without requiring the users to pre-define a schema. This provides users with the flexibility to change the structure of incoming records without worrying about taking the system offline or hindering the performance of currently running queries. However, the flexibility of such systems does not free. The large amount of redundancy in the records can introduce an unnecessary storage overhead and impact query performance.
Our focus in this paper is to address the storage overhead issue by introducing a tuple compactor framework that infers and extracts the schema from self-describing semi-structured records during the data ingestion. As many prominent document stores, such as MongoDB and Couchbase, adopt Log Structured Merge (LSM) trees in their storage engines, our framework exploits LSM lifecycle events to piggyback the schema inference and extraction operations. We have implemented and empirically evaluated our approach to measure its impact on storage, data ingestion, and query performance in the context of Apache AsterixDB.
Boundary Extension Effect Remembering Different Content Pictures
Authors: Radzevičienė Aldona , Jankūnaitė Jurgita 
Published: June 2020

The goal of this study was to investigate in which cases boundary extension occurs when repainting visual images with different content from your memory. The method that was used in this study is based on a meta-analysis conducted by Hubbard et al. (2010). The method consists of 12 stimuli (dimensions 10x15 cm), which show a photographic image or sketch of a painting. Presented stimuli contain images with different content – finished object, object with its corners removed, emotionally neutral, positive and negative object, moving object; 120 respondents participated in the study, their age ranged from 14 to 45 years old (average age – 25,6).
The first hypothesis, stating that boundary extension is more frequent with images of objects with removed corners than those of finished objects repainted from memory, was confirmed. The second hypothesis, stating that boundary extension is more frequent with images of emotionally neutral objects than those of emotionally positive or intense objects repainted from memory, was confirmed. The third hypothesis, stating that boundary extension while repainting images that contain containing moving objects, form memory, unfolds from the expected direction of object movement – the left side, was not confirmed. It was found that boundary extension unfolded at the top of a painting (bird) and at the bottom of a painting (vehicle). The fourth hypothesis was partly confirmed – that boundary extension while repainting images from memory with different content stimuli is more likely to happen among teenagers (years 14–19). The central tendency is more likely among younger adults (20–30), and boundary restriction – among older adults (31–45). The fifth hypothesis was confirmed. As expected, boundary extension when repainting images of different content from memory more often occurrs with women than men. The sixth hypothesis, stating that boundary extensions are more often when repainting images from memory that were painted and are not photographical images, was not confirmed.
Polish Constitutional Tribunal Judgments with “Deferral Clause” and Their Application by Polish Courts
Authors: Ciżyńska-Pałosz Angelika 
Published: June 2020

The main aim of this paper is to present the specificity of functioning of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal, the characteristics of one type of its judgments, i.e. verdicts with a “deferral clause” and preparation of the de lege lata and de lege ferenda postulates. Problems analyzed in this work remain valid in both jurisprudence and legal doctrine.