bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing biogeochemical fluctuations in a world of extremes: A synthesis for temperate intertidal habitats in the face of global change
Authors: Wolfe Kennedy , Nguyen Hong D. , Davey Madeline , Byrne Maria 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCoastal and intertidal habitats are at the forefront of anthropogenic influence and environmental change. The species occupying these habitats are adapted to a world of extremes, which may render them robust to the changing climate or more vulnerable if they are at their physiological limits. We characterized the diurnal, seasonal and interannual patterns of flux in biogeochemistry across an intertidal gradient on a temperate sandstone platform in eastern Australia over 6 years (2009–2015) and present a synthesis of our current understanding of this habitat in context with global change. We used rock pools as natural mesocosms to determine biogeochemistry dynamics and patterns of eco‐stress experienced by resident biota. In situ measurements and discrete water samples were collected night and day during neap low tide events to capture diurnal biogeochemistry cycles. Calculation of pHT using total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) revealed that the mid‐intertidal habitat exhibited the greatest flux over the years (pHT 7.52–8.87), and over a single tidal cycle (1.11 pHT units), while the low‐intertidal (pHT 7.82–8.30) and subtidal (pHT 7.87–8.30) were less variable. Temperature flux was also greatest in the mid‐intertidal (8.0–34.5°C) and over a single tidal event (14°C range), as typical of temperate rocky shores. Mean TA and DIC increased at night and decreased during the day, with the most extreme conditions measured in the mid‐intertidal owing to prolonged emersion periods. Temporal sampling revealed that net ecosystem calcification and production were highest during the day and lowest at night, particularly in the mid‐intertidal. Characterization of biogeochemical fluctuations in a world of extremes demonstrates the variable conditions that intertidal biota routinely experience and highlight potential microhabitat‐specific vulnerabilities and climate change refugia.
Management of nail psoriasis by topical drug delivery: a pharmaceutical perspective
Authors: Thatai Purva , Khan Arshad B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe management of nail psoriasis is an arduous task owing to the disease manifestations and anatomical structure of the nail plate. Although various treatment therapies are available for nail psoriasis, topical therapy is contemplated as one of the most favorable options as systemic therapies are accompanied by numerous side effects that result in patient incompliance. The topical formulations including creams, gels, ointments, and nail lacquers have been used as delivery systems for various antipsoriatic drugs. Among these, nail lacquers emerge to be promising and patient friendly formulations. However, the major defiance with topical delivery is inefficacious penetration of drug through impenetrable keratinized nail plate to reach the target sites: nail matrix and nail bed. Therefore, in order to obtain effectual drug delivery systems that can retain/remain on the nail plate for a prolonged period of time and deliver the drug across it, systematic approaches like quality by design (QbD) need to be followed so that the desired quality can be “built in” the system rather than to rely solely on retrograde evaluation. Furthermore, more advances in research are still required to develop a validated animal model so as to determine the efficacy of the formulation and to establish a mathematical model that can help in predicting the desirable attributes of the formulation and permeation of various molecules through the nail plate.
Isolation of peanut protein aggregates using aqueous extraction processing combined with membrane separation
Authors: Liu Junjun , Zhang Wenbin , Li Pengfei , Jiang Zhumao , Yang Ruijin 
Published: April 2020

SummaryA two‐stage microfiltration and ultrafiltration (MF/UF) for peanut protein recovery and water recycling from aqueous extraction processing (AEP) were investigated. Peanut protein aggregates and alkaline water were obtained using flat and wound MF/UF and alkaline water recycled in AEP. With this approach, most of the wastewater could be recycled to produce reusable water to solve wastewater problems in aqueous oil extraction processing from oilseeds. The result showed that a little oil and protein were lost (1.21% and 4.35%, respectively) during the recycling of permeate in AEP, which was still acceptable. Peanut protein aggregations (PPAs) were characterised by analysis with Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), high‐performance gel filtration chromatography (HPGFC) and binding force analysis. Solubility analysis suggested that PPA had molecular structures with more hydrophobic groups on the surface than in the peanut protein isolate (PPI). In vitro, PPA was digested by both pepsin and trypsin more than PPI. FTIR profiles demonstrated there were more β‐sheet and less α‐helix in PPA, which means much more aggregation. In addition, binding force analysis showed hydrophobic interaction was the major force that restricted dissolution of PPA and disulfide bonds were of second importance, which provided a possible physical treatment opportunity for improving the solubility of PPA.
Guidelines for the medical management of pediatric vesicoureteral reflux
Authors: Miyakita Hideshi , Hayashi Yutaro , Mitsui Takahiko , Okawada Manabu , Kinoshita Yoshiaki , Kimata Takahisa , Koikawa Yasuhiro , Sakai Kiyohide , Satoh Hiroyuki , Tokunaga Masatoshi , Naitoh Yasuyuki , Niimura Fumio , Matsuoka Hirofumi , Mizuno Kentaro , Kaneko Kazunari , Kubota Masayuki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUrinary tract infection is a bacterial infection that commonly occurs in children. Vesicoureteral reflux is a major underlying precursor condition of urinary tract infection, and an important disorder in the field of pediatric urology. Vesicoureteral reflux is sometimes diagnosed postnatally in infants with fetal hydronephrosis diagnosed antenatally. Opinions vary regarding the diagnosis and treatment of vesicoureteral reflux, and diagnostic procedures remain debatable. In terms of medical interventions, options include either follow‐up observation in the hope of possible spontaneous resolution of vesicoureteral reflux with growth/development or provision of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis based on patient characteristics (age, presence/absence of febrile urinary tract infection, lower urinary tract dysfunction and constipation). Furthermore, there are various surgical procedures with different indications and rationales. These guidelines, formulated and issued by the Japanese Society of Pediatric Urology to assist medical management of pediatric vesicoureteral reflux, cover the following: epidemiology, clinical practice algorithm for vesicoureteral reflux, syndromes (dysuria with vesicoureteral reflux, and bladder and rectal dysfunction with vesicoureteral reflux), diagnosis, treatment (medical and surgical), secondary vesicoureteral reflux, long‐term prognosis and reflux nephropathy. They also provide the definition of bladder and bowel dysfunction, previously unavailable despite their close association with vesicoureteral reflux, and show the usefulness of diagnostic tests, continuous antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical intervention using site markings.
Polymer‐derived Co2Si@SiC/C/SiOC/SiO2/Co3O4 nanoparticles: Microstructural evolution and enhanced EM absorbing properties
Authors: Wu Yongfeng , Zhong Yunwang , Guan Yan , Gu Chong , Shao Guangyu , Shi Benyang , Su Zhiming , Xu Binbin , Yu Zhaoju , Liu Anhua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, porous core‐shell structured Co2Si@SiC/C/SiOC/SiO2/Co3O4 nanoparticles were fabricated by a polymer‐derived ceramic approach. The in situ formation of mesopores on the shell, microstructural, and phase evolution of resulting nanoparticles were investigated in detail. The obtained nanoparticles‐paraffin composites possess a very low minimum reflection coefficient (RCmin) −60.9 dB, broad effective absorption bandwidth 3.50 GHz in the X‐band and 15.5 GHz in the whole frequency range (from 2.5 to 18 GHz). The results indicate outstanding electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing performance among all the reported cobalt‐based nanomaterials, due to the reasons as follows: (a) The unique core‐shell structure as well as complex phase composition of SiC/C/SiOC/SiO2/Co3O4 in the shell, result in a large number of heterogeneous interfaces in the nanoparticles; (b) Nanoparticles have both dielectric and magnetic loss; (c) Mesopores in the shell prolong the propagation path of EMW, thereby increasing the absorption/reflection ratio of EMWs. Thanks to the material structure design, the resulting core‐shell structured cobalt‐containing ceramic nanoparticles have great potential for thin and high‐performance EMW absorbing materials applied in harsh environment.
Unusual response to His‐refractory atrial premature complex: What is the mechanism?
Authors: Kara Meryem , Korkmaz Ahmet , Karimli Emin , Rencuzogullari Ibrahim , Demir Muhammed , Ozbek Mehmet , Ozeke Ozcan , Cay Serkan , Ozcan Firat , Aras Dursun , Topaloglu Serkan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA 32‐year‐old woman underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation of narrow QRS tachycardia that was terminated with intravenous adenosine.
Comprehensive germline mutation analysis and clinical profile in a large cohort of Brazilian xeroderma pigmentosum patients
Authors: Santiago K.M. , Castro L.P. , Neto J.P.D. , de Nóbrega A.F. , Pinto C.A.L. , Ashton‐Prolla P. , Pinto e Vairo F. , de Medeiros P.F.V. , Ribeiro E.M. , Ribeiro B.F.R. , do Valle F.F. , Doriqui M.J.R. , Leite C.H.B. , Rocha R.M. , Moura L.M.S. , Munford V. , Galante P.A.F. , Menck C.F.M. , Rogatto S.R. , Achatz M.I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patients present a high risk of developing skin cancer and other complications at an early age. This disease is characterized by mutations in the genes related to the DNA repair system.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical and molecular findings in a cohort of 32 Brazilian individuals who received a clinical diagnosis of XP.MethodsTwenty‐seven families were screened for germline variants in eight XP‐related genes.ResultsAll patients (N = 32) were diagnosed with bi‐allelic germline pathogenic or potentially pathogenic variants, including nine variants previously undescribed. The c.2251‐1G>C XPC pathogenic variant, reported as the founder mutation in Comorian and Pakistani patients, was observed in 15 cases in homozygous or compound heterozygous. Seven homozygous patients for POLH/XPV variants developed their symptoms by an average age of 7.7 years. ERCC2/XPD, DDB2/XPE and ERCC5/XPG variants were found in a few patients. Aside from melanoma and non‐melanoma skin tumours, a set of patients developed skin sebaceous carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma and serous ovarian carcinoma.ConclusionsWe reported a high frequency of XPC variants in 32 XP Brazilian patients. Nine new variants in XP‐related genes, unexpected non‐skin cancer lesions and an anticipation of the clinical manifestation in POLH/XPV cases were also described.
Best practices for non‐lethal blood sampling of fish via the caudal vasculature
Authors: Lawrence Michael J. , Raby Graham D. , Teffer Amy K. , Jeffries Ken M. , Danylchuk Andy J. , Eliason Erika J. , Hasler Caleb T. , Clark Timothy D. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBlood sampling through the caudal vasculature is a widely used technique in fish biology for investigating organismal health and physiology. In live fishes, it can provide a quick, easy and relatively non‐invasive method for obtaining a blood sample (cf. cannulation and cardiac puncture). Here, a general set of recommendations are provided for optimizing the blood sampling protocol that reflects best practices in animal welfare and sample integrity. This includes selecting appropriate use of anaesthetics for blood sampling as well as restraint techniques for situations where sedation is not used. In addition, ideal sampling environments where the fish can freely ventilate and strategies for minimizing handling time are discussed. This study summarizes the techniques used for extracting blood from the caudal vasculature in live fishes, highlighting the phlebotomy itself, the timing of sampling events and acceptable blood sample volumes. This study further discuss considerations for selecting appropriate physiological metrics when sampling in the caudal region and the potential benefits that this technique provides with respect to long‐term biological assessments. Although general guidelines for blood sampling are provided here, it should be recognized that contextual considerations (e.g., taxonomic diversity, legal matters, environmental constraints) may influence the approach to blood sampling. Overall, it can be concluded that when done properly, blood sampling live fishes through the caudal vasculature is quick, efficient and minimally invasive, thus promoting conditions where live release of focal animals is possible.
Evaluation of combination therapy with peeling added to minimal invasive blepharoplasty in lower eyelid rejuvenation
Authors: Asilian Ali , Shahmoradi Zabihollah , Talakoub Mahboobeh , Mokhtari Fatemeh , Siadat Amir Hossein , Mohaghegh Fatemeh , Adibi Neda , Mozafarpoor Samaneh , Kazemipour Samira , Danesh Farzaneh , Hafezi Hossein 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionAging is an inevitable process in life that can pose unsatisfactory changes in appearance. Recently, rejuvenation surgeries have opened an exciting new window toward people who are vulnerable according to their facial appearance. Periocular plastic microsurgeries are among the most common aesthetic surgeries with various outcomes. The current study was aimed to compare outcomes of blepharoplasty with and without peeling regarding lower eyelid rejuvenation.MethodsThis is a randomized clinical trial study conducted on 30‐patients referred for inferior lid rejuvenation in 2017‐18. Patients were randomly divided into two 15‐member subgroups of microinvasive blepharoplasty with and without peeling. Peeling for the group underwent blepharopeeling was performed all over the inferior periocular region using Phenol 89%. Then, skin and underlying muscle were incised superficially, and underlying fat tissue was excised. The other group underwent blepharoplasty without peeling. Patients were followed daily for 2 months to assess complications, patients' and physicians' satisfaction.ResultsTwo assessed groups were not statistically different regarding age and gender distribution (P‐value = .417 and .666, respectively). Considering patients' opinion, symmetry, scar formation, skin laxity, swelling, and total satisfaction score were not different between two groups (P‐value > .05) while physicians presented similar outcomes except for better scar formation status of peeling add‐on therapy (P‐value = .042). Rate of adverse effects was significantly higher among those under blepharoplasty plus peeling treatment (P‐value < .05).ConclusionOutcomes of blepharoplasty alone versus blepharoplasty plus peeling were not significantly different regarding both patients' and physicians' assessments in general while fewer complications due to blepharoplasty without peeling were presented.
Regulated Dependence: Platform Workers’ Responses to New Forms of Organizing
Authors: Karanović Jovana , Berends Hans , Engel Yuval 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPlatform economy organizations often resolve fundamental organizing problems with novel solutions, thereby transforming their relationship with core stakeholders including regulators and workers. Despite the integral role played by platform workers, research on the interplay between platforms and regulatory conditions has yet to take workers into consideration. We investigate how Uber drivers engage with novel forms of organizing across different regulatory structures. Drawing on insights from resource dependence theory, we conduct a topic modeling analysis of drivers’ online forum posts and a complementary qualitative analysis of triangulated data sources. Our findings reveal that workers do not always succumb to organizing solutions imposed upon them; they also actively oppose or supplement them. Importantly, platform workers’ responses vary with the local regulatory structure, which affects the mutual dependency and balance of power between platforms and workers. We discuss implications for the literature on new forms of organizing and the platform economy.
An explanation for the isotopic offset between soil and stem water in a temperate tree species
Authors: Barbeta Adrià , Gimeno Teresa E. , Clavé Laura , Fréjaville Bastien , Jones Sam P. , Delvigne Camille , Wingate Lisa , Ogée Jérôme 
Published: April 2020

Summary

A growing number of field studies report isotopic offsets between stem water and its potential sources that prevent the unambiguous identification of plant water origin using water isotopes. We explored the causes of this isotopic offset by conducting a controlled experiment on the temperate tree species Fagus sylvatica.

We measured δ2H and δ18O of soil and stem water from potted saplings growing on three soil substrates and subjected to two watering regimes.

Regardless of substrate, soil and stem water δ2H were similar only near permanent wilting point. Under moister conditions, stem water δ2H was 11 ± 3‰ more negative than soil water δ2H, coherent with field studies. Under drier conditions, stem water δ2H became progressively more enriched than soil water δ2H. Although stem water δ18O broadly reflected that of soil water, soil–stem δ2H and δ18O differences were correlated (r = 0.76) and increased with transpiration rates indicated by proxies.

Soil–stem isotopic offsets are more likely to be caused by water isotope heterogeneities within the soil pore and stem tissues, which would be masked under drier conditions as a result of evaporative enrichment, than by fractionation under root water uptake. Our results challenge our current understanding of isotopic signals in the soil–plant continuum.
FungalRoot: global online database of plant mycorrhizal associations
Authors: Soudzilovskaia Nadejda A. , Vaessen Stijn , Barcelo Milagros , He Jinhong , Rahimlou Saleh , Abarenkov Kessy , Brundrett Mark C. , Gomes Sofia I.F. , Merckx Vincent , Tedersoo Leho 
Published: April 2020

Summary

Testing of ecological, biogeographical and phylogenetic hypotheses of mycorrhizal traits requires a comprehensive reference dataset about plant mycorrhizal associations.

Here we present a database, FungalRoot, which summarizes publicly available data about vascular plant mycorrhizal type and intensity of root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi, accompanied with rich metadata. We compiled and digitized data about plant mycorrhizal colonization in nine widespread languages.

The present version of the FungalRoot database contains 36 303 species‐by‐site observations for 14 870 plant species, tripling the previously available compiled information about plant mycorrhizal associations. Based on these data, we provide a recommended list of genus‐level plant mycorrhizal associations, based on the majority of data for species and careful analysis of conflicting data. The majority of ectomycorrhizal and ericoid mycorrhizal plants are trees (92%) and shrubs (85%), respectively. The majority of arbuscular and nonmycorrhizal plant species are herbaceous (50% and 70%, respectively).

Our publicly available database is a powerful resource for mycorrhizal scientists and ecologists. It features possibilities for dynamic updating and addition of data about plant mycorrhizal associations. The new database will promote research on plant and fungal biogeography and evolution, and on links between above‐ and belowground biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
LaALMT1 mediates malate release from phosphorus‐deficient white lupin root tips and metal root to shoot translocation
Authors: Zhou Yaping , Neuhäuser Benjamin , Neumann Günter , Ludewig Uwe 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnder phosphorus (P) deficiency, Lupinus albus (white lupin) releases large amounts of organic acid anions from specialized root structures, so‐called cluster or proteoid roots, to mobilize and acquire sparingly soluble phosphates from a restricted soil volume. The molecular mechanisms underlying this release and its regulation are, however, poorly understood. Here, we identified a gene belonging to the aluminium (Al)‐activated malate transporter (ALMT) family that specifically contributes to malate, but not citrate release. This gene, LaALMT1, was most prominently expressed in the root apices under P deficiency, including those of cluster roots and was also detected in the root stele. Contrary to several ALMT homologs in other species, the expression was not stimulated, but moderately repressed by Al. Aluminium‐independent malate currents were recorded from the plasma membrane localized LaALMT1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes. In composite lupins with transgenic roots, LaALMT1 was efficiently mutated by CRISPR‐Cas9, leading to diminished malate efflux and lower xylem sap malate concentrations. When grown in an alkaline P‐deficient soil, mutant shoot phosphate concentrations were similar, but iron and potassium concentrations were diminished in old leaves, suggesting a role for ALMT1 in metal root to shoot translocation, a function that was also supported by growth in hydroponics.
A case of unilateral linear capillaritis
Authors: Rodriguez‐Garijo Nuria , Tomas‐Velazquez Alejandra , Estenaga Angela , Antoñanzas Javier , Idoate Miguel Angel , Espana Agustin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnilateral linear capillaritis is a rare variant of the pigmented purpuric dermatoses that can be misdiagnosed due to confusion with other cutaneous diseases that follow a linear distribution. We present the case of an 8‐year‐old boy with hyperpigmented patches linearly distributed on the right arm, initially diagnosed with segmental neurofibromatosis.
Effects of mobile text messaging on breast cancer and breast self‐examination (BSE) knowledge, BSE self‐efficacy, and BSE frequency: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Labrague Leodoro J. , Galabay Jolo R. , Anastacio Angeline L. , McEnroe‐Petitte Denise M. , Tsaras Konstantinos 
Published: April 2020

AimsEducating women regarding breast cancer and increasing breast self‐examination uptake continues to remain a major challenge despite the intensive campaigns. An innovative, cost‐effective and easily customised intervention is needed especially in under‐resourced and hard to reach communities. This paper is a report examining the effects of mobile text messaging on women’s knowledge of breast cancer and BSE, BSE self‐efficacy and frequency of BSE.MethodsA randomised controlled trial design was used. The study sample consisted of 128 women of reproductive age (WRA) (64 in the experimental group and 64 in the control group) from two communities in the Philippines during the months of August to October 2018. Three to five short messages were sent to the participants in the experimental group daily for one month while the control group did not receive the messages.ResultsWomen who received mobile text messages had higher knowledge of breast cancer (F = 21.756, p = 0.001) and breast self‐examination (F = 6.776, p = 0.010) than the control group. However, no significant improvements were seen in the BSE self‐efficacy (F = 1.446, p = 0.232) and frequency of BSE (F = 3.374, p = 0.69).ConclusionMobile text messaging significantly improved the knowledge on breast cancer and breast self‐examination among women; however, it did not affect their breast self‐examination self‐efficacy and frequency. Mobile text messaging can be a viable tool that can be used by healthcare workers in order to educate women regarding breast cancer and breast self‐examination.