bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ecological settlement design for refugees in Kocaeli
Authors: Küçük Merve , Karadayi Tulay Tikansak 
Published: July 2020

After the civil war in Syria, many refugees sought refuge to Turkey. It brought along many environmental problems such as sudden population growth and resource shortage. It is thought to design an ecological settlement that can produce its own energy and be self-sufficient as a solution due to the limited natural resources, in order to meet the need for shelter quickly in emergency situations. With this in mind, in order to create an ecological settlement, a sample and literature search was conducted and sustainable ecological settlement criteria were determined. As a place operation, the position is preferred in Turkey and that provides employment and by day increasing the number of refugees residing Kocaeli been selected. In line with the ecological settlement criteria, a survey was conducted to understand the accommodation problems and environmental awareness of Syrian refugees living in Kocaeli. Ecological living units are designed in line with the environmental, climatic and sociological data obtained. The units are placed in accordance with the physical environmental conditions of the plot chosen for ecological settlement. In the conclusion part, the applicability of the designed project has been evaluated in line with economic, sociological and ecological criteria and its positive and negative aspects have been discussed.
In the sample area selected in this study, it is aimed to create an ecological residential area that provides energy, water and raw material conservation in accordance with environmental data, protects the ecosystem, and provides adequate comfort conditions for the users indoors. This study is intended to be a source for ecological settlement projects in order to create livelihoods for low-income groups and to stimulate agriculture, except in emergencies.
On the Fast Propagating Ultra-hot Disturbance Captured by SDO/AIA: An In-depth Insight into the Coronal Nonlinear Dynamics
Authors: Li Hongbo , Feng Hengqiang , Liu Yu , Shen Yuandeng , Tian Zhanjun , Zhao Guoqing , Zhao Ake 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The impulsive heating events and their corresponding nonlinear dynamics remain one of the most obscure physical processes in solar atmospheric physics. The complicacy of these processes together with limited observations have greatly hampered our understanding of them. Here, we present, for the first time, an unambiguous example of a nonlinear acoustic wave in a closed coronal loop or loop segment, which appeared as a fast propagating ultra-hot disturbance cohesively in an indistinguishable corona loop with a highly evolving emission intensity profile. Based on the theory of propagating nonlinear waves, we argue that this type of observation can provide further information for the disturbance during its propagation. With this information, we conclude that the propagating nonlinear disturbance can quickly heat the corona through the rarefaction wave, and the disturbance-induced magnetic reconnection should not happen in our observation. Besides, a convenient criterion has also been deduced for the existence of the disturbance-induced reconnection mechanism. All of this provides us with a new insight into the accompanying nonlinear dynamics of solar impulsive heating events, which can not only shed light on problems including coronal heating and the fast formation of hot coronal loops, but also show us a very novel and prospective seismology scheme for the diagnosis of coronal plasma properties.
On the Distance of SGR 1935+2154 Associated with FRB 200428 and Hosted in SNR G57.2+0.8
Authors: Zhong Shu-Qing , Dai Zi-Gao , Zhang Hai-Ming , Deng Can-Min 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Owing to the detection of an extremely bright fast radio burst (FRB) 200428 associated with a hard X-ray counterpart from the magnetar soft gamma-ray repeater (SGR) 1935+2154, the distance of SGR 1935+2154 potentially hosted in the supernova remnant (SNR) G57.2+0.8 can be revisited. Under the assumption that the SGR and the SNR are physically related, in this Letter, by investigating the dispersion measure (DM) of the FRB contributed by the foreground medium of our Galaxy and the local environments and combining other observational constraints, we find that the distance of SGR 1935+2154 turns out to be 9.0 ± 2.5 kpc and the SNR radius falls into 10–18 pc since the local DM contribution is as low as 0–18 pc cm−3. These results are basically consistent with previous studies. In addition, an estimate for the Faraday rotation measure of the SGR and SNR is also carried out.
Determinants of pipe-borne water consumption by urban households in Cameroon
Authors: Totouom Armand 
Published: July 2020

Utilisant des données issues d’une enquête réalisée à Douala et Yaoundé, cette étude analyse les déterminants de la consommation en eau des ménages urbains camerounais raccordés au réseau public. Les résultats montrent que le niveau d’éducation, les revenus et les coûts de raccordement au réseau constituent entre autres, des déterminant significatifs de l’accès au réseau. Ils suggèrent également une faible réactivité de la demande en eau aux changements de prix. L’élasticité-prix directe obtenue est de -0,326 avec l’approche des variables instrumentales et de -0,550 avec celle des moindres carrés ordinaires. Les autres déterminants significatifs de la consommation en eau sont le revenu, la taille du ménage, la taille du logement et la redistribution de l’eau au voisinage. Classification JEL: C25, D12, Q25
Resistance of KIR Ligand–Missing Leukocytes to NK Cells In Vivo in Patients with Acquired Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Nguyen Mai Anh Thi , Hosokawa Kohei , Yoroidaka Takeshi , Maruyama Hiroyuki , Espinoza J Luis , Elbadry Mahmoud I , Mohiuddin Md , Tanabe Mikoto , Katagiri Takamasa , Nakagawa Noriharu , Chonabayashi Kazuhisa , Yoshida Yoshinori , Arima Nobuyoshi , Kashiwase Koichi , Saji Hiroh , Ogawa Seishi , Nakao Shinji 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The loss of killer cell Ig-like receptor ligands (KIR-Ls) due to the copy number–neutral loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 6p (6pLOH) in leukocytes of patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AA) may alter the susceptibility of the affected leukocytes to NK cell killing in vivo. We studied 408 AA patients, including 261 who were heterozygous for KIR-Ls, namely C1/C2 or Bw6/Bw4, for the presence of KIR-L–missing [KIR-L(−)] leukocytes. KIR-L(−) leukocytes were found in 14 (5.4%, C1 [n = 4], C2 [n = 3], and Bw4 [n = 7]) of the 261 patients, in whom corresponding KIR(+) licensed NK cells were detected. The incidence of 6pLOH in the 261 patients (18.0%) was comparable to that in 147 patients (13.6%) who were homozygous for KIR-L genes. The percentages of HLA-lacking granulocytes (0.8–50.3%, median 15.2%) in the total granulocytes of the patients with KIR-L(−) cells were significantly lower than those (1.2–99.4%, median 55.4%) in patients without KIR-L(−) cells. KIR2DS1 and KIR3DS1 were only possessed by three of the 14 patients, two of whom had C2/C2 leukocytes after losing C1 alleles. The expression of the KIR3DS1 ligand HLA-F was selectively lost on KIR-L(−) primitive hematopoietic stem cells derived from 6pLOH(+) induced pluripotent stem cells in one of the KIR3DS1(+) patients. These findings suggest that human NK cells are able to suppress the expansion of KIR-L(−) leukocytes but are unable to eliminate them partly due to the lack of activating KIRs on NK cells and the low HLA-F expression level on hematopoietic stem cells in AA patients.
Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Five Components in Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba Acclimatized Growing in Vietnam by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Photodiode Array Detector
Authors: Tam Pham Thi Minh , Cuc Le Thi Thu , Nguyen Van Thanh , Tran Viet Hung 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Chinese Danggui (Angelica sinensis) and Japanese Danggui (Angelica acutiloba) are evaluated as the same in using and critical of quality control in Vietnamese Pharmacopoeia. In Vietnam, Japanese Danggui were acclimatized and cultivated in several regions in recent years. Despite the huge climatic difference between Vietnam and Japan, Japanese Danggui grows very well in Vietnam. However, there are no studies to assess the overall quality of this medicinal herbs.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study is to develop a method to identify and assay simultaneously 5 component compounds of these crude herbs: chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, scopoletin, xanthotoxin and ligustilide by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA).

Materials and Methods:
The procedure was optimized by using column Phenomenex Gemini 5 μm PR C18, 15 x 4,6 mm with the detection wavelength set at 321 nm for detector PDA and mobile phase was composed of (A) ACN and (B) aqueous solution 1% of acid acetic using a gradient elution. Analytes were performed at 30°C with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.

Results:
The developped method were fully validated for linearity, accuracy, recovery and met the validation requirements, proved practical applicability for the quality control of these herbs and related products.

Conclusion:
The method was successfully applied to the quantification of five markers simultaneously from collected samples.
An approach to the verification of high-resolution ocean models using spatial methods
Authors: Crocker Ric , Maksymczuk Jan , Mittermaier Marion , Tonani Marina , Pequignet Christine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The Met Office currently runs two operational ocean forecasting
configurations for the North West European Shelf: an eddy-permitting model
with a resolution of 7 km (AMM7) and an eddy-resolving model at 1.5 km
(AMM15). Whilst qualitative assessments have demonstrated the benefits brought by the
increased resolution of AMM15, particularly in the ability to resolve
finer-scale features, it has been difficult to show this quantitatively,
especially in forecast mode. Applications of typical assessment metrics such
as the root mean square error have been inconclusive, as the high-resolution
model tends to be penalised more severely, referred to as the double-penalty
effect. This effect occurs in point-to-point comparisons whereby features
correctly forecast but misplaced with respect to the observations are
penalised twice: once for not occurring at the observed location, and
secondly for occurring at the forecast location, where they have not been
observed. An exploratory assessment of sea surface temperature (SST) has been made at
in situ observation locations using a
single-observation neighbourhood-forecast (SO-NF) spatial verification
method known as the High-Resolution Assessment (HiRA) framework. The primary
focus of the assessment was to capture important aspects of methodology to
consider when applying the HiRA framework. Forecast grid points within
neighbourhoods centred on the observing location are considered as pseudo
ensemble members, so that typical ensemble and probabilistic forecast
verification metrics such as the continuous ranked probability score (CRPS)
can be utilised. It is found that through the application of HiRA it is
possible to identify improvements in the higher-resolution model which were
not apparent using typical grid-scale assessments. This work suggests that future comparative assessments of ocean models with
different resolutions would benefit from using HiRA as part of the
evaluation process, as it gives a more equitable and appropriate reflection
of model performance at higher resolutions.
Impacto de las prácticas de recursos humanos en el capital humano y los resultados organizativos de las empresas hoteleras
Authors: Plaza Bolaños Jorge , Nieves Julia 
Published: July 2020

Existe un amplio consenso respecto a la conveniencia de mejorar la cualificación de los empleados en el ámbito de la hostelería y turismo. Asimismo, la literatura sugiere la importancia de las prácticas de RRHH en la mejora de los resultados organizativos. Este trabajo pretende aportar evidencia empírica del papel que las prácticas de reclutamiento-selección y de retención desempeñan como determinantes del capital humano y el desempeño organizativo en las empresas hoteleras. Los resultados muestran el importante papel que ejercen, fundamentalmente, las prácticas de reclutamiento-selección.
There is an extended consensus related to the need to improve the qualification of workforce in tourism and hospitality industry. Likewise, the literature suggests the importance of HR practices to improve organizational results. This paper aims to show empiric evidence about the role of recruitment-selection and retention practices on the human capital development and organizational performance in hotel firms. The results show the important role of recruitment-selection practices, particularly.
Mesozooplankton grazing minimally impacts phytoplankton abundance during spring in the western North Atlantic
Authors: Morison Francoise , Pierson James Joseph , Oikonomou Andreas , Menden-Deuer Susanne 
Published: July 2020

The impacts of grazing by meso- and microzooplankton on phytoplankton primary production (PP) was investigated in the surface layer of the western North Atlantic during spring. Shipboard experiments were performed on a latitudinal transect at three stations that differed in mixed layer depth, temperature, and mesozooplankton taxonomic composition. The mesozooplankton community was numerically dominated byCalanus finmarchicusat the northern and central station, withCalanus hyperboreusalso present at the northern station. The southern station was >10 °C warmer than the other stations and had the most diverse mesozooplankton assemblage, dominated by small copepods includingParacalanusspp. Microzooplankton grazing was detected only at the northern station, where it removed 97% of PP. Estimated clearance rates byC. hyperboreusandC. finmarchicussuggested that at in-situ abundance these mesozooplankton were not likely to have a major impact on phytoplankton abundance, unless locally aggregated. Although mesozooplankton grazing impact on total phytoplankton was minimal, these grazers completely removed the numerically scarce > 10 µm particles, altering the particle-size spectrum. At the southern station, grazing by the whole mesozooplankton assemblage resulted in a removal of 14% of PP, and its effect on net phytoplankton growth rate was similar irrespective of ambient light. In contrast, reduction in light availability had an approximately 3-fold greater impact on net phytoplankton growth rate than mesozooplankton grazing pressure. The low mesozooplankton grazing impact across stations suggests limited mesozooplankton-mediated vertical export of phytoplankton production. The constraints provided here on trophic transfer, as well as quantitative estimates of the relative contribution of light and grazer controls of PP and of grazer-induced shifts in particle size spectra, illuminate food web dynamics and aid in parameterizing modeling-frameworks assessing global elemental fluxes and carbon export.
Plant Genetic Resources Used as Packaging on the Mongata-Kinshasa-Kisantu Axis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mbale Henri Kunzi , Akadje Adeline Nkfutu , Mayoni Alexis die-Ditomene , Bongo Gédéon Ngiala , Mukendi Michael Tshibangu , Lukoki Félicien Luyeye 
Published: July 2020

The current relevance of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) as well as plant genetic resources (PGRs) for foresters and indigenous populations has prompted numerous initiatives in the last decade. In order to assess the environmental impact of the Plant Genetic Resources (PGRs) used as packaging, a survey was carried out on 64 respondents between April 2017 and March 2018 along the axes of Mongata-Kinshasa-Kisantu, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The findings showed that 16 PGRs were identified, namely: (Lasimorpha senegalensis, Elaeis guineensis, Eremospatha haullevilleana, Eremospatha cabrae, Ectadiopsis oblongifolia, Cyperus papyrus, Hymenocardia acida, Musa spp., Saccharum officinarum, Triumfetta cordifolia, Urena lobata, Marantochloa congensis, Megaphrynium macrostachyum, Haumania liebrechtsiana, Sarcophrynium schweinfurthianum var . puberififolium, Thalia geniculata). They belong to 9 families, of which (Araceae, Arecaceae; Apocynaceae; Cyperaceae; Phyllanthaceae; Musaceae; Poaceae; Malvaceae/Tiliodeae; Marantaceae). Moreover, these resources constitute an additional source of income for households for their primary needs. While these resources are relatively threatened at their natural area if any sustainable management is not envisaged. These PGRs, after use, become organics wastes, which contribute both to insalubrity and to the visual as well as the olfactive pollution of public sites. At this rate of extraction for marketing and without a policy of supervision or support for predatory organizations, these plant resources are in danger of disappearing in the short term. The urgent need is to identify all these PGRs and to study their technical cultivation routes with a view to their domestication.
Management of Severe Beta-Blockers Toxicity with High Dose Insulin Euglycemic Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Hussein K. , Neill A. , Galvin S. 
Published: July 2020

Aims: Highlighting the efficacy of early initiation of high dose insulin therapy in Beta-blockers overdose over conventional therapy.
Presentation of Case: Authors describe the successful treatment of severe bisoprolol-induced cardiogenic shock in a 74-year-old man using high dose insulin euglycemic therapy. He received intravenous bolus of 1IU/kg of actarapid insulin followed by intravenous infusion of 0.5 IU/kg/hour. The patient hemodynamic parameters improved dramatically within few hours after starting the insulin therapy.
Discussion: Beta-blockers overdose can lead to significant morbidity and mortality due to the often-associated vasopressor-resistant shock. high dose insulin euglycemic therapy is a potential emerging therapy for beta-blockers toxicity with support in the literature from several animal studies, case reports and expert opinion.
Conclusion: High dose insulin euglycemic therapy is a safe and effective method in reversing the hemodynamic consequences induced by beta-blockers overdose and should be used early in the treatment.
Hydroboration of Enynes and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Mao Lujia , Bose Shubhankar Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOrganoboron compounds have found broad applications in the construction of novel C−C, C−O, and C−N bonds via transition metal‐catalyzed reactions. The hydroboration of C−C multiple bonds is one of the most important methodologies to introduce the boron atom into the organic skeleton. Traditionally, boranes were employed in the hydroboration of enynes under transition metal‐free conditions. When precious metal catalysts, such as palladium and rhodium were employed in the reactions, the scope of the hydroboration, as well as the regio‐ and stereoselectivity, was improved. The asymmetric hydroboration of enynes was also achieved via Pd‐catalyzed reactions. In recent years, the non‐precious 3d‐metal catalysts, such as iron, cobalt, nickel and copper were employed in the hydroboration of enynes, especially in the enantioselective reactions. In this review, we have looked into the hydroboration of enynes as well as their mechanisms.magnified image
Enhanced defense ability facilitates the water loss of maize kernels during physiological dehydration
Authors: Wei Shanshan , Wang Xiangyu , Wei Huijuan , Jiang Dong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe kernel water concentration (KWC) varies more intensely during the physiological dehydration phase, and the dehydration process during this phase has been demonstrated to be closely associated with internal physiological processes in maize kernels. To better illustrate the physiological dehydration process (PDP) of maize kernels, moisture characteristic parameters were consecutively recorded after pollination, and the timing of the occurrence of net water loss was confirmed. Additionally, a tandem mass tag (TMT) based proteomic analysis was performed to identify the significantly differentially expressed proteins during the critical period of the PDP (PDPcp). The results showed that maize varieties presented significant variance in the KWC, kernel water content, dry‐down rate (DR) and absolute DR; nevertheless, the KWC was similar (below 65%) when net water loss occurred. In addition, 20–28 days after pollination was indicated to be the PDPcp in this study. Based on proteome analysis, Yuyu 30 and Suyu 41 showed 163 and 132 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), respectively during the PDPcp and 99 DEPs overlapped between the varieties. During the PDPcp, the desiccation tolerance, antioxidation capability, detoxification and other stress response abilities of maize kernels were significantly increased. The increased defense abilities enabled the maize kernels to establish coordinated, diverse, stable defense mechanisms that accelerated water loss from maize kernels during the PDPcp.
Impact of post‐flowering heat stress in winter wheat tracked through optical signals
Authors: Šebela David , Bergkamp Blake , Somayanda Impa M. , Fritz Allan K , Jagadish S.V. Krishna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIncreasing temperatures can severely affect wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production, particularly when it coincides with the grain‐filling period. Heat stress induces rapid senescence resulting in early maturity and shortened grain‐filling period. In this study, the applicability of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence (Chl‐F) and chlorophyll index to track rate of senescence in flag leaves and spikes exposed to heat stress were investigated. Seven winter wheat varieties were exposed to post‐flowering heat stress using growth chambers [35/15 °C (heat stress) and 25/15 °C (control) day/night] and unique field‐based heat tents (imposed +6 °C higher than ambient). Effective quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (QY) was recorded temporally in flag leaves and spikes, and compared with in vitro chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a) concentration and non‐invasive estimation of chlorophyll and flavonoids index. Time point indicating the start of senescence (change‐point, CP) for QY was advanced by 0–8 and 0–6 d in flag leaves and spikes, respectively, under heat stress. In the chamber experiment, sustained heat stress induced accelerated decline of QY, particularly in wheat cultivars Larry and WB4458. Stronger positive relationship between days to senescence in spikes and thousand kernel weight indicated an extended period of assimilate supply from sink compared to the source tissue, during grain filling. Capturing heat stress‐induced changes in photosynthetic pigments and QY at high temporal frequency presents an effective phenotyping approach for testing genetic diversity in large‐scale field experiments involving different crops.