bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term behavioural impact contrasts with long-term fitness consequences of biologging in a long-lived seabird
Authors: Gillies Natasha , Fayet Annette L. , Padget Oliver , Syposz Martyna , Wynn Joe , Bond Sarah , Evry James , Kirk Holly , Shoji Akiko , Dean Ben , Freeman Robin , Guilford Tim 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBiologging has emerged as one of the most powerful and widely used technologies in ethology and ecology, providing unprecedented insight into animal behaviour. However, attaching loggers to animals may alter their behaviour, leading to the collection of data that fails to represent natural activity accurately. This is of particular concern in free-ranging animals, where tagged individuals can rarely be monitored directly. One of the most commonly reported measures of impact is breeding success, but this ignores potential short-term alterations to individual behaviour. When collecting ecological or behavioural data, such changes can have important consequences for the inference of results. Here, we take a multifaceted approach to investigate whether tagging leads to short-term behavioural changes, and whether these are later reflected in breeding performance, in a pelagic seabird. We analyse a long-term dataset of tracking data from Manx shearwaters (Puffinus puffinus), comparing the effects of carrying no device, small geolocator (GLS) devices (0.6% body mass), large Global Positioning System (GPS) devices (4.2% body mass) and a combination of the two (4.8% body mass). Despite exhibiting normal breeding success in both the year of tagging and the following year, incubating birds carrying GPS devices altered their foraging behaviour compared to untagged birds. During their foraging trips, GPS-tagged birds doubled their time away from the nest, experienced reduced foraging gains (64% reduction in mass gained per day) and reduced flight time by 14%. These findings demonstrate that the perceived impacts of device deployment depends on the scale over which they are sought: long-term measures, such as breeding success, can obscure finer-scale behavioural change, potentially limiting the validity of using GPS to infer at-sea behaviour when answering behavioural or ecological questions.
Toward a unified equation of state for multi-messenger astronomy
Authors: Marczenko M. , Blaschke D. , Redlich K. , Sasaki C. 
Published: September 2020

Aims. We aim to present a first step in developing a benchmark equation-of-state (EoS) model for multi-messenger astronomy that unifies the thermodynamics of quark and hadronic degrees of freedom.
Methods. A Lagrangian approach to the thermodynamic potential of quark-meson-nucleon matter was used. In this approach, dynamical chiral-symmetry breaking is described by the scalar mean-field dynamics coupled to quarks and nucleons and their chiral partners, whereby its restoration occurs in the hadronic phase by parity doubling, as well as in the quark phase. Quark confinement was achieved by an auxiliary scalar field that parametrizes a dynamical infrared cut-off in the quark sector, serving as an ultraviolet cut-off for the nucleonic phase space. The gap equations were solved for the isospin-symmetric case, as well as for neutron star (NS) conditions. We also calculated the mass-radius (MR) relation of NSs and their tidal deformability (TD) parameter.
Results. The obtained EoS is in accordance with nuclear matter properties at saturation density and with the flow constraint from heavy ion collision experiments. For isospin-asymmetric matter, a sequential occurrence of light quark flavors is obtained, allowing for a mixed phase of chirally-symmetric nucleonic matter with deconfined down quarks. The MR relations and TDs for compact stars fulfill the constraints from the latest astrophysical observations for PSR J0740+6620, PSR J0030+0451, and the NS merger GW170817, whereby the tension between the maximum mass and compactness constraints rather uniquely fixes the model parameters. The model predicts the existence of stars with a core of chirally restored but purely hadronic (confined) matter for masses beyond 1.8 M⊙. Stars with pure-quark matter cores are found to be unstable against the gravitational collapse. This instability is shifted to even higher densities if repulsive interactions between quarks are included.
A search for the OH 6035 MHz line in high-mass star-forming regions
Authors: Szymczak M. , Wolak P. , Bartkiewicz A. , Aramowicz M. , Durjasz M. 
Published: September 2020

Context. The excited states of OH masers detected in the environment of high-mass young stellar objects (HMYSOs) are important for improving our understanding of the physical conditions of these objects and also provide information about their magnetic fields.
Aims. We aim to search for excited-state OH 6035 MHz maser emission in HMYSOs which might have escaped detection in previous surveys or were never searched for.
Methods. A sample of HMYSOs derived from untargeted surveys of the 6668 MHz methanol maser line was observed at 6035 MHz OH transition with the Torun 32 m radio telescope. The 6035 MHz detections were observed in the OH 6031 MHz line. Two-thirds of the detections were observed at least three times over a two-year period.
Results. Out of 445 targets, 37 were detected at 6035 MHz, including seven new discoveries. The 6031 MHz line was detected towards ten 6035 MHz sources, one of which was not previously reported. All the newly detected sources are faint with the peak flux density lower than 4 Jy and show significant or high variability on timescales of 4 to 20 months. Zeeman pair candidates identified in three new sources imply a magnetic field intensity of 2–11 mG. Comparison of our spectra with those obtained ~10 yr ago indicates different degrees of variability but there is a general increase in the variability index on an ~25 yr timescale, usually accompanied by significant changes in the profile shape.
Innovative Surgical Concept for Septic Sternoclavicular
Arthritis: Case Presentation of a Simultaneous Joint Resection and Stabilization
with Gracilis Tendon Graft Including Literature Review
Authors: Hanhoff Marek , Jensen Gunnar , Dey Hazra Rony-Orijit , Lill Helmut 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) is a
rarity in everyday surgical practice with 0.5 – 1% of all joint infections.
Although there are several risk factors for the occurrence of this disease, also
healthy people can sometimes be affected. The clinical appearance is very
variable and ranges from unspecific symptoms such as local indolent swelling,
redness or restricted movement of the affected shoulder girdle to serious
consequences (mediastinitis, sepsis, jugular vein thrombosis). Together with the
low incidence and the unfamiliarity of the disease among practicing doctors in
other specialties, this often results in a delay in the diagnosis, which in
addition to a significant reduction in the quality of life can also have
devastating consequences for the patient.
Patient and Method According to a stage-dependent procedure, the therapy
strategies range from antibiotic administration only to radical resection of the
SC joint and other affected structures of the chest wall in severe cases with
the following necessity for flap reconstruction. The aspect of possible
post-interventional instability after resection of the SCJ receives little or no
attention in the current literature. In the present case report of a
51-year-old, otherwise healthy gentleman with isolated monoarthritis of the
right SCJ with Escherichia coli (E. coli) shortly after two prostatitis
episodes, the possibility of a new surgical approach with a one-stage
eradication and simultaneous stabilization of the SCJ is presented. Therefore, a
joint resection including extensive debridement is performed while leaving the
posterior joint capsule and inserting an antibiotic carrier. In the same
procedure, the SCJ is then stabilized with an autologous gracilis tendon graft
by using the “figure of eight” technique, which has become well established
particularly for anterior instabilities of the SCJ in recent years.
Results and Conclusion One year after operative therapy, the patient
presented symptom-free with an excellent clinical result (SSV 90%, CS89 points,
CSM 94 points, TF 11 points, DASH 2.5 points). It is concluded that in selected
cases with an infection restricted to the SCJ without major abscessing in the
surrounding soft tissues, the demonstrated procedure leads to good and excellent
clinical results with stability of the joint. If the focus of infection and germ
are known, stabilization using an autologous graft can be carried out under
antibiotic shielding. To the best of the authorsʼ knowledge, this surgical
procedure has not yet been described in the current literature. Depending on the
extent of the resection, an accompanying stabilization of the SCJ should be
considered to achieve stable conditions and an optimal clinical outcome.
Thrombose genähter vs. gekoppelter Anastomosen bei mikrovaskulären Kopf- und Halsrekonstruktionen
Authors: Sievert Matti , Koch Michael , Goncalves Miguel , Richter Daniel , Tamse Rosalie , Mueller Sarina K. , Gostian Antoniu-Oreste , Traxdorf Maximilian , Harréus Uli , Iro Heinrich 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Kupplungsvorrichtung für mikrovaskuläre Anastomosen hat in der freien Gewebetransplantation weite Verbreitung gefunden. Ziel der Arbeit ist der Vergleich der Thromboserate und des Transplantatversagens in Abhängigkeit von der Anastomosentechnik an einem großen Kopf-Hals-Tumorzentrum.
Material und Methoden Retrospektive Auswertung von allen Patienten, die im Zeitraum von 2001–2019 eine freie Lappenrekonstruktion erhalten haben. Rekonstruktionstyp, Empfängergefäße, Anzahl an Venenanastomosen, Coupler-Größe und Operationszeit wurden untersucht. Wir verglichen die Raten an Venenthrombosen zwischen handgenähten und gekoppelten Anastomosen sowie die Rate des Transplantatversagens.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 403 freie Lappenrekonstruktionen über einen Zeitraum von 17 Jahren durchgeführt. Die venöse Anastomose wurde bei 113 Lappen in Einzelknopftechnik genäht und in 290 Fällen mittels Coupler durchgeführt. Die Rate der Venenthrombosen, die eine umgehende chirurgische Revision erforderten, betrug in der genähten Gruppe 6,2 % (7/113), verglichen mit 7,6 % in der gekoppelten Gruppe (22/290; p = 0,627). Bei einer allgemeinen Erfolgsrate von 95,0 % (383/403) lag die Rate des Transplantatversagens jeweils bei 3,6 % (4/113) und 5,5 % (16/290; p = 0,421). Die Operationszeit war mit 680 ± 144 Minuten in der handgenähten Gruppe und 688 ± 167 Minuten in der Coupler-Gruppe vergleichbar (p = 0,678).
Schlussfolgerungen Bei ähnlichen Erfolgsraten ist der Coupler als wirksame Alternative zur venösen Anastomose in Einzelnahttechnik zu sehen. Aufgrund der allgemein niedrigen Rate an Stielthrombosen in beiden Gruppen können wir den Einfluss der Anastomosentechnik nicht von möglichen Störvariablen trennen.
A Retrospective Review of Differences in Complication Rates between Dorsal Percutaneous and Mini-Open Surgical Fixation of Scaphoid Fractures
Authors: Dodds Seth D. , Zalikha Abdul K. , Rush Augustus J. , Fullerton Natalia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective We retrospectively reviewed the complications of 80 cases of scaphoid screw fixation in acute fractures and early nonunions comparing dorsal percutaneous and mini-open approaches.
Methods We performed a chart review of all patients who underwent surgical fixation of a scaphoid fracture or a nascent nonunion using a dorsal percutaneous or dorsal mini-open technique by a single surgeon. We collected data on patient demographics, including age and smoking status, time to surgery, fracture type, union, and the major and minor complications that occurred in each group. Fisher's exact tests were used to compare the complication rates between the groups.
Results We identified 80 patients who underwent surgical fixation. Of these, 44 underwent percutaneous fixation and 36 underwent mini-open fixation. All fractures went on to heal. There was a total of five complications identified. There were no major complications in the percutaneous group, but one major complication in the mini-open group (a delayed union that eventually healed at 6 months). There were two minor complications in each group. There was no statistically significant difference in total, major, or minor complication rates between the groups.
Conclusions This study suggests that a dorsal percutaneous surgical technique for scaphoid fracture repair does not affect the complication rate despite prior literature to the contrary. Both techniques analyzed produce excellent rates of union with very low complication rates. Surgeon-specific technique rather than operative approach or exposure may be responsible for previously reported complication rates in the fixation of scaphoid fractures.
Level of Evidence This is a level III, therapeutic study.
Z-POEM as a Treatment Option for Zenker’s Diverticulum: Our Experience at a Tertiary Care Centre in India
Authors: Desai Pankaj N. , Kabrawala Mayank V. , Patel Chintan N. , Mehta Rajiv M. , Nandwani Subhash K. , Prajapati Ritesh , Patel Nisharg , Parekh Krishna K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background This study was aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of Z–peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM; submucosal tunneling endoscopic myotomy) for Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD).
Methods This is a retrospective study at a single tertiary care center in India. The Z-POEM technique was performed using principles of submucosal tunneling endoscopy with prior experience from POEM technique for achalasia cardia
Results Sixteen patients (male, 62.5%; mean age, 73.2 ± 5.2 years) were included with a mean Charleson’s comorbidity index of 4.32. The mean size of ZD was 34.8 ± 10.0 mm. The technical success rate was 100%. Clinical success was achieved in 100% (16/16) with a decrease in mean dysphagia score from 2.9 to 0.2 (p <0.0001). The mean procedure time was 47 ± 7.9 minutes and mean length of septotomy was 31.9 ± 9.4 mm. The mean length of hospital stay was 1.2 ± 0.4 days. No major adverse events were noted. Capnomediastinum was noted in two cases on follow-up Gastrografin study after 24 hours (12.5%). This did not merit any treatment. One patient had intraprocedural bleed which was controlled easily. At the 18-month follow-up, two (12.5%) patients reported dysphagia recurrence (Dakkak and Bennett score 1) but did not require repeat intervention.
Conclusion Endoscopic management of ZD using the POEM technique is a promising technique with improved efficacy and safety. However, long-term follow-up is needed to ensure the durability of response.
Drug–Drug, Drug–Disease and Disease–Disease Interactions in COVID-19 with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs)
Authors: Jyotsna M. , Hemalatha Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCoronaviruses are a large family of single positive-stranded, enveloped RNA viruses that can infect many animal species and humans. Human coronaviruses can be divided based on their pathogenicity. Globally so far, over nine million people have tested COVID-19 positive, of which, 4, 25,000 are in India. The FDA for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 has approved no drugs or biologics. Numerous other antiviral agents, immunotherapies, and vaccines continue to be investigated and developed as potential therapies. Searching for effective therapies for COVID-19 infection is a complex process. The cardiovascular disease (CVD) drugs and the COVID-19 treating drugs show potent drug–drug interactions (DDI), disease–drug interactions, and disease–disease interactions.
How many vowels are there in Lhasa Tibetan?
Authors: Gong Xun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Lhasa Tibetan is described in a number of independent research traditions which give different accounts of its phonology.
To what extent do these discrepancies reflect real dialectal or idiolectal differences? To what extent do they reflect different analyses of
the same system?
In this paper, we examine one aspect of Lhasa Tibetan phonology on which different descriptions show substantial
discrepancies: vowels. Different descriptions of Lhasa Tibetan transcribe from 8 to more than 16 vowel qualities, ascribing to them
different degrees of phonemicity. A detailed comparison of the transcription systems shows that all reflect the same underlying system of 12
vowel sounds, which agrees with the transcription conventions of the Seattle Tibetanists. The discrepancies among the systems mostly concern
four vowels, namely ɔ, ə, ɪ and ʊ. These vowels, which started as allophonic variants of other vowels, later appear in a set of words which
cannot be explained as allophony, and hence are unambiguous phonemes in contemporary Lhasa Tibetan.
The origin of the causative and simulative suffix -ter in Hakha Lai and Falam Chin
Authors: Bik Kenneth Van 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates the origin of the causative (CAUS) and simulative (SML) suffix -ter in two
varieties of Lai language, Hakha Lai and Falam Chin. It also shows that Proto Central Chin (PCC) full verbs *tiir ‘to send
someone to do an errand’ and *der ‘to pretend to’ grammaticalized and merged into the Lai CAUS and SML suffix
-ter due to frequency pressure, the first time this type of argument for semantic change is used in Kuki-Chin (KC).
Boosting the coercivity of SrFe12O19 nanocrystalline powders obtained using the citrate combustion synthesis method
Authors: Guzmán-Mínguez J C , Moreno-Arche L , Granados-Miralles C , López-Sánchez J , Marín P , Fernández J F , Quesada A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Strontium hexaferrite nanocrystalline powders were synthesized using a citrate combustion method and subsequently subjected to post-synthesis processing with the aim of tuning the micro-nanostructure to improve the magnetic properties. Firstly, the synthesis thermal treatments were optimized in order to minimize the formation of secondary phases, mainly hematite. Secondly, the as-synthesized powders were conditioned by a two-step process: ball milling in wet medium (ethanol) and high-speed mixing. The final processed powders exhibited a saturation magnetization of 74 emu g−1 and a coercivity of 6450 Oe. Following a low-temperature combustion synthesis, the coercivity is one of the largest values reported for strontium ferrites. The combination of the two-step conditioning procedure results in a useful methodology to obtain SrFe12O19 nanocrystalline powders with competitive properties. The morphological, structural and magnetic properties of the processed material make it a promising candidate for hard-soft ferrite-based composite magnets, where large coercivity values are highly desirable.
Dynamic analysis of absorbance behavior and peak shift of RONS in plasma-activated water by UV absorption spectroscopy: dependency on gas impurity, pulse polarity, and solution pH
Authors: Liu Zhijie , Gao Yuting , Liu Dingxin , Pang Bolun , Wang Sitao , Zhou Chunxi , Zhang Hao , Xu Dehui , Kong Michael G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we employ UV absorption spectroscopy to monitor the generation and permeation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in plasma-activated water (PAW) to revealthe dynamic variation mechanism of RONS chemistry. Parameters including gas impurity, pulse polarity and solution pH value are varied to explore their effects on the absorbance behavior and peak shift of absorption spectra as well as the permeation distribution of RONS. Regarding the absorbance behavior, experimental results show that introducing air and N2 into He working gas would effectively improve RONS absorbance, proportions of about 0.2% air and 0.5% N2 would result in the maximum absorbance, while the addition of O2 would result in a significant decrease in RONS absorbance. Under positive polarity, the RONS absorbance is about 20% higher than that under negative polarity. Changing the solution pH from acidic to alkaline is beneficial in increasing RONS absorbance, indicating that alkaline solution could effectively promote RONS formation. Regarding the characteristic peak shift, different parameter conditions seriously affect the shift of the absorption peak toward low wavelength or high wavelength due to the change in the ratio of the concentration of each component of RONS in PAW. Furthermore, with respect to the permeation distribution of H2O2 and NO2
−, the results show that the addition of O2 would result in the fastest production rate of H2O2 and introducing air and N2 would generate the fastest rate of NO2
− production. Interestingly, the NO2
− permeation distribution displays a ‘columnar mode’ and a ‘filamentous mode’ under positive and negative polarity, respectively. An alkaline solution promotes the formation of NO2
− while having an obvious inhibiting effect on the NO2
− permeation; conversely, an acidic solution has a promotional effect on NO2
−. This study provides a new in-depth understanding of the dynamic evolutionary behavior of RONS in PAW, helping to reveal the network relationship between RONS, and assisting in the development of applications of PAW.
Impact of growth conditions on the domain nucleation and domain wall propagation in Pt/Co/Pt stacks
Authors: Quinteros Cynthia P , José Cortés Burgos María , Albornoz Lucas J , Gómez Javier E , Granell Pablo , Golmar Federico , Luján Ibarra María , Bustingorry Sebastian , Curiale Javier , Granada Mara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Understanding the effect of fabrication conditions on domain wall (DW) motion in thin films with perpendicular magnetization is a mandatory issue in order to tune their properties aiming to design spintronics devices based on such phenomenon. In this context, the present work intends to show how different growth conditions may affect DW motion in the prototypical system Pt/Co/Pt. The trilayers were deposited by dc sputtering, and the parameters varied in this study were the Co thickness, the substrate roughness and the base pressure in the deposition chamber. Magneto-optical Kerr effect-based magnetometry and microscopy combined with x-ray reflectometry, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were adopted as experimental techniques. This permitted us to elucidate the impact on the hysteresis loops and on the DW dynamics, produced by different growth conditions. As other authors, we found that Co thickness is strongly determinant for both the coercive field and the DW velocity. On the contrary, the topographic roughness of the substrate and the base pressure of the deposition chamber evidence a selective impact on the nucleation of magnetic domains and on DW propagation, respectively, providing a tool to tune these properties.
Switching of majority charge carriers by Zn doping in NdNiO3 thin films
Authors: Soni Kavita , S Harisankar , Chandra Mahesh , Rajput Parasmani , Mavani K R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We have studied the effects of Zn doping on the structural and electronic properties of epitaxial NdNiO3 thin films grown on single-crystal LaAlO3 (001) (LAO) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The films are deposited in two sets, one with variation in Zn doping, and another with variation in thickness for undoped and 2% Zn doping. The experimental investigations show that Zn occupies Ni-site and that the films are grown with an in-plane compressive strain on LAO. All the films show metal-to-insulator transitions with a thermal hysteresis in the temperature-dependent resistivity curves except 5% Zn-doped film, which remains metallic. The theoretical fits show non-Fermi liquid behaviour, which gets influenced by Zn doping. The Hall resistance measurements clearly show that Zn doping causes injection of holes in the system which affects the electronic properties as follows: i) the metallic conduction increases by two factors just by 0.5% Zn doping whereas, 5% doping completely suppresses the insulating state, ii) a reversal of the sign of Hall coefficient of resistance is observed at low temperature.