bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ag/In lead‐free double perovskites
Authors: Liu Fang , Marongiu Daniela , Pau Riccardo , Sarritzu Valerio , Wang Qingqian , Lai Stefano , Lehmann Alessandra G. , Quochi Francesco , Saba Michele , Mura Andrea , Bongiovanni Giovanni , Mattoni Alessandro , Caddeo Claudia , Bosin Andrea , Filippetti Alessio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLead‐free Cs2AgInCl6 and Cs2AgInBr6 double perovskites are studied by a combination of advanced ab‐initio calculations and photoluminescence experiments. We show that they are insulators with direct band gaps of 2.53 and 1.17 eV, respectively; most importantly, they are characterized by unusually low absorption rates in a ~1 eV wide energy region above the band gap, caused by rather peculiar electronic properties. Consequently, this low absorption conveys very long recombination lifetimes, up to milliseconds at low temperature. Our theoretical analysis suggests that such materials can achieve a good compromise between photoconversion efficiency (above 10%) and visible transmittance (above 30%), which makes them potentially suited for lead‐free semitransparent solar cell applications.image
Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on aroma components, amino acids, and fatty acids of Hami melon (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus naud.) juice
Authors: Pei Longying , Li Jie , Xu Zhenli , Chen Nan , Wu Xiaoxia , Chen Jiluan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe changes and relationships between the volatile compounds and fatty acids, and between volatile compounds and free amino acids were analyzed after they were handled by 400 and 500 MPa (45°C/10 min) high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). The volatile components of 31, 30, and 32 were detected in the untreated, 400, and 500 MPa samples, respectively. Unlike the ketones and acids, the three contents, including ester (59.59%–71.34%), alcohol (5.95%–7.56%), and aldehyde (0.36%–1.25%), were greatly changed. While HHP treatment exerted a few effects on the contents of 12 kinds of fatty acids. With the increase in pressure, the contents of palmitic acid, linolenic acid, and α‐linolenic acid were remarkably reduced. The correlations between flavor compounds and amino acids, and between flavor compounds and fatty acids were studied by Pearson's correlation analysis and visualized with using the corrplot package in R software. The analysis showed that the amino acids were positively correlated with (E)‐6‐nonenal, (2E,6Z)‐nona‐2,6‐dienal and (Z)‐6‐nonen‐1‐ol, while they were negatively correlated with nonanal, (Z)‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol and ethyl caproate. Besides, the fatty acids were positively correlated with the esters of 2,3‐butanediol diacetate and 2‐methyl propyl acetate, while they were negatively correlated with (E)‐2‐octenal and (Z)‐6‐nonen‐1‐ol.
A randomized controlled pilot study of the effectiveness of magnolia tea on alleviating depression in postnatal women
Authors: Xue Lili , Zhang Jie , Shen Huaxiang , Ai Ling , Wu Rongrong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe magnolia tea has been used in traditional oriental medicine for multiple purposes including sleep aid. Postpartum depression is a mental illness that adversely affects the health and well‐being of many families with newborns. Given the known effectiveness and relative safety, herein we aimed to investigate whether magnolia tea has a palliative effect on postpartum depression. The qualified participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group. The participants in the intervention group drunk magnolia tea, while the control group received regular postpartum care only. The outcome variables including Postpartum Sleep Quality Scale (PSQS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and Postpartum Fatigue Scale (PFS) were assessed and compared. In comparison with the control group, the intervention group demonstrated significant difference for physical‐symptom‐related sleep inefficiency (PSQS Factor 2) at 3 weeks post‐test (t = −2.10, p = .03). The comparison results also revealed significant differences for PFS at both 3 weeks post‐test (t = −2.02, p = .04) and 6 weeks post‐test (t = −1.99, p = .04). Further, magnolia tea intervention significantly alleviated the symptoms of depression, reflected by the EPDS scores at 3 weeks post‐test (t = −2.38, p = .02) and 6 weeks post‐test (t = −2.13, p = .02). Our trial results suggested that drinking single‐ingredient magnolia tea for a 3‐week duration has positive effects on postpartum women. Magnolia tea is recommended as a supplementary approach to ameliorate sleep quality of postpartum women, while alleviating their symptoms of depression.
Assimilating snow observations to snow interception process simulations
Authors: Lv Zhibang , Pomeroy John W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSnow interception is a crucial hydrological process in cold regions needleleaf forests, but is rarely measured directly. Indirect estimates of snow interception can be made by measuring the difference in the increase in snow accumulation between the forest floor and a nearby clearing over the course of a storm. Pairs of automatic weather stations with acoustic snow depth sensors provide an opportunity to estimate this, if snow density can be estimated reliably. Three approaches for estimating fresh snow density were investigated: weighted post‐storm density increments from the physically based Snobal model, fresh snow density estimated empirically from air temperature (Hedstrom, N. R., et al. [1998]. Hydrological Processes, 12, 1611–1625), and fresh snow density estimated empirically from air temperature and wind speed (Jordan, R. E., et al. [1999]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104, 7785–7806). Automated snow depth observations from adjacent forest and clearing sites and estimated snow densities were used to determine snowstorm snow interception in a subalpine forest in the Canadian Rockies, Alberta, Canada. Then the estimated snow interception and measured interception information from a weighed, suspended tree and a time‐lapse camera were assimilated into a model, which was created using the Cold Regions Hydrological Modelling platform (CRHM), using Ensemble Kalman Filter or a simple rule‐based direct insertion method. Interception determined using density estimates from the Hedstrom‐Pomeroy fresh snow density equation agreed best with observations. Assimilating snow interception information from automatic snow depth measurements improved modelled snow interception timing by 7% and magnitude by 13%, compared to an open loop simulation driven by a numerical weather model; its accuracy was close to that simulated using locally observed meteorological data. Assimilation of tree‐measured snow interception improved the snow interception simulation timing and magnitude by 18 and 19%, respectively. Time‐lapse camera snow interception information assimilation improved the snow interception simulation timing by 32% and magnitude by 7%. The benefits of assimilation were greatly influenced by assimilation frequency and quality of the forcing data.
Importance of the delivery‐to‐insertion interval in immediate postpartum intrauterine device insertion: A secondary analysis
Authors: Lerma Klaira , Bhamrah Renita , Singh Sharad , Blumenthal Paul D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the delivery‐to‐insertion interval for copper postpartum intrauterine devices (PPIUDs).MethodsSecondary analysis of two related studies at five academic sites in India from March 2015 to July 2016. IUDs were inserted within 48 hours of vaginal delivery. Women (n=560) were grouped by whether they underwent postplacental (≤10 minutes) or immediate (>10 minutes) insertion. Outcomes were complete expulsion at the 6–8‐week follow‐up (primary), and IUD‐to‐fundus distance, as assessed by postinsertion ultrasound (secondary).ResultsOverall, 93 (16.6%) women received a postplacental PPIUD and 467 (83.4%) received an immediate PPIUD. Complete expulsion at follow‐up was 3.2% (n=3) in the postplacental and 7.5% (n=35) in the immediate postpartum group (P=0.176; difference in proportions, 4.3%; 95% confidence interval, −2.0 to 8.1). Distance from the fundus did not differ between the two groups (P=0.107); high fundal placement (≤10 mm from the internal endometrial verge) was achieved for most women.ConclusionThe present data challenge previous guidance on the timing of PPIUD insertion. The 10‐minute insertion window is a barrier to uptake and should be reassessed for inclusion in service delivery guidelines. A flexible interval would accommodate the multiple post‐delivery tasks of providers and increase access to PPIUD.
Hydrogen‐rich water alleviates cyclosporine A‐induced nephrotoxicity via the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Lu Yi , Li Chun‐Fang , Ping Na‐Na , Sun Yu‐Yao , Wang Zheng , Zhao Gong‐Xiao , Yuan Shi‐Hui , Zibrila Abdoulaye Issotina , Soong Lynn , Liu Jin‐Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOxidative stress induced by long‐term cyclosporine A (CsA) administration is a major cause of chronic nephrotoxicity, which is characterized by tubular atrophy, tubular cell apoptosis, and interstitial fibrosis in the progression of organ transplantation. Although hydrogen‐rich water (HRW) has been used to prevent various oxidative stress‐related diseases, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of HRW on CsA‐induced nephrotoxicity and its potential mechanisms. After administration of CsA (25 mg/kg/day), rats were treated with or without HRW (12 mL/kg) for 4 weeks. Renal function and vascular activity were investigated. Histological changes in kidney tissues were analyzed using Masson's trichrome and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling stains. Oxidative stress markers and the activation of the Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway were also measured. We found that CsA increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA), but it reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Such alterations induced vascular dysfunction, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and tubular apoptosis. This was evident secondary to an increase in urinary protein, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen, ultimately leading to renal dysfunction. Conversely, HRW decreased levels of ROS and MDA while increasing the activity of GSH and SOD. This was accompanied by an improvement in vascular and renal function. Moreover, HRW significantly decreased the level of Keap1 and increased the expression of Nrf2, NADPH dehydrogenase quinone 1, and heme oxygenase 1. In conclusion, HRW restored the balance of redox status, suppressed oxidative stress damage, and improved kidney function induced by CsA via activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Hepatoprotective effect of allicin against acetaminophen‐induced liver injury: Role of inflammasome pathway, apoptosis, and liver regeneration
Authors: Samra Yara A. , Hamed Mohamed F. , El‐Sheakh Ahmed R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP) overdose leads to liver injury. NLRP3 inflammasome is a key player in APAP‐induced inflammation. Also, apoptosis and liver regeneration play an important role in liver injury. Therefore, we assessed allicin's protective effect on APAP‐induced hepatotoxicity and studied its effect on NLRP3 inflammasome and apoptosis. Mice in the APAP group were injected by APAP (250 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). The allicin‐treated group received allicin orally (10 mg/kg/d) during 7 days before APAP injection. Serum and hepatic tissues were separated 24 hours after APAP injection. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed using the colorimetric method. Hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase‐1, and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) were estimated using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Hepatic Bcl‐2 and Ki‐67 were investigated by immunohistochemistry. APAP significantly increased AST, ALT, and ALP, whereas allicin significantly decreased their levels. Also, APAP significantly decreased albumin and allicin significantly improved it. APAP produced changes in liver morphology, including inflammation and massive coagulative necrosis. Allicin protected the liver from APAP‐induced necrosis, apoptosis, and hepatocellular degeneration via increasing Bcl‐2 and Ki‐67 levels. APAP significantly increased the hepatic MDA, whereas allicin significantly prevented this increase. APAP markedly activated the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and consequently increased the production of caspase‐1 and IL‐1β. Interestingly, we found that allicin significantly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which resulted in decreased caspase‐1 and IL‐1β levels. Allicin has a hepatoprotective effect against APAP‐induced liver injury via the decline of oxidative stress and inhibition of the inflammasome pathway and apoptosis. Therefore, allicin might be a novel tool to halt the progression of APAP‐stimulated hepatotoxicity.
Astragalus polysaccharides alleviates LPS‐induced inflammation via the NF‐κB/MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Dong Na , Li Xinran , Xue Chenyu , Zhang Lei , Wang Chensi , Xu Xinyao , Shan Anshan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEarly weaning usually causes intestinal disorders, enteritis, and diarrhea in young animals and human infants. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) possesses anti‐inflammatory activity. To study the anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of APS and its potential effects on intestinal health, we performed an RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) study in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC‐J2) in vitro. In addition, LPS‐stimulated BALB/c mice were used to study the effects of APS on intestinal inflammation in vivo. The results from the RNA‐seq analysis show that there were 107, 756, and 5 differentially expressed genes in the control versus LPS, LPS versus LPS+APS, and control versus LPS+APS comparison groups, respectively. The results of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis indicated that the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathways play significant roles in the regulation of inflammatory factors and chemokine expression by APS. Further verification of the above two pathways by using western blot and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that the gene expression levels of the phosphorylated p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, and NF‐κB p65 were inhibited by APS, while the expression of IκB‐α protein was significantly increased (p < .05), indicating that APS inhibits the production of inflammatory factors and chemokines by the inhibition of activation of the MAPK and NF‐κB inflammatory pathways induced by LPS stimulation. Animal experiments further demonstrated that prefeeding APS in BALB/c mice can alleviate the expression of the jejunal inflammatory factors interleukin 6 (IL‐6), IL‐Iβ, and tumor necrosis factor‐α induced by LPS stimulation and improve jejunal villus morphology.
The evaluation of cytokines to help establish diagnosis and guide treatment of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases
Authors: Chetaille Nézondet Anne-Laure , Poubelle Patrice E , Pelletier Martin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Our knowledge of the role of cytokines in pathologic conditions has increased considerably with the emergence of molecular and genetic studies, particularly in the case of autoinflammatory monogenic diseases. Many rare disorders, considered orphan until recently, are directly related to abnormal gene regulation, and the treatment with biologic agents (biologics) targeting cytokine receptors, intracellular signaling or specific cytokines improve the symptoms of an increasing number of chronic inflammatory diseases. As it is currently impossible to systematically conduct genetic studies for all patients with autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, the evaluation of cytokines can be seen as a simple, less time consuming, and less expensive alternative. This approach could be especially useful when the diagnosis of syndromes of diseases of unknown etiology remains problematic. The evaluation of cytokines could also help avoid the current trial-and-error approach, which has the disadvantages of exposing patients to ineffective drugs with possible unnecessary side effects and permanent organ damages. In this review, we discuss the various possibilities, as well as the limitations of evaluating the cytokine profiles of patients suffering from autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, with methods such as direct detection of cytokines in the plasma/serum or following ex vivo stimulation of PBMCs leading to the production of their cytokine secretome. The patients’ secretome, combined with biomarkers ranging from genetic and epigenetic analyses to immunologic biomarkers, may help not only the diagnosis but also guide the choice of biologics for more efficient and rapid treatments.
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping for Characterization of Intraplaque Hemorrhage and Calcification in Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease
Authors: Wang Chaoyue , Zhang Yue , Du Jingwen , Huszár István N. , Liu Saifeng , Chen Yongsheng , Buch Sagar , Wu Fang , Liu Yuehong , Jenkinson Mark , Hsu Charlie Chia‐Tsong , Fan Zhaoyang , Haacke E. Mark , Yang Qi 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundCarotid artery intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), an unstable component of atherosclerosis, is associated with an increased risk of stroke.PurposeTo investigate quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) as a tool for the evaluation of IPH and calcification in vivo.Study TypeProspective.PopulationTen healthy volunteers and 15 patients.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T Susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI), magnetization‐prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo (MP‐RAGE), T1‐weighted sampling perfection with application of optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution (T1‐SPACE), T2‐weighted turbo spin‐echo (T2WI), and time‐of‐flight (TOF) sequences.AssessmentThe vessel wall area of the carotid artery was measured with QSM and compared with T1‐SPACE on healthy volunteers. Four radiologists, blinded to clinical history and patient identity, determined the presence and area of IPH on MP‐RAGE and QSM, as well as the area of calcification on T1‐SPACE and QSM.Statistical TestsBland–Altman analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the concordance of area measurements. Cohen's kappa (κ) was analyzed to determine the agreement between IPH detections. The paired t‐test was used to compare the group differences.ResultsIn 423 matched slices, 20.1% (85/423) and 19.6% (83/423) were detected to have IPH on MP‐RAGE and QSM, respectively. IPH detection by QSM and MP‐RAGE showed good agreement (κ = 0.822, P < 0.001) between the two methods. There was no significant difference in IPH area measurements between QSM and MP‐RAGE (7.28 mm2 ± 6.41 vs. 7.16 mm2 ± 5.99, P = 0.575). There was no significant difference in calcification area measurement between QSM and T1‐SPACE (3.51 mm2 ± 1.78 vs. 3.41 mm2 ± 2.02, P = 0.783).Data ConclusionQSM is a novel imaging tool for the identification of IPH in patients with carotid atherosclerosis and enables differentiation of IPH and calcification.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:534–541.
Imaging Biomarkers of the Physis: Cartilage Volume on MRI vs. Tract Volume and Length on Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Authors: Duong Phuong , Mostoufi‐Moab Sogol , Raya José G. , Jaimes Camilo , Delgado Jorge , Jaramillo Diego 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundCurrent methods to predict height and growth failure are imprecise. MRI measures of physeal cartilage are promising biomarkers for growth.PurposeIn the physis, to assess how 3D MRI volume measurements, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measurements (tract volume and length) correlate with growth parameters and detect differences in growth. We compared patients exposed to cis‐retinoic acid, which causes physeal damage and growth failure, with normal subjects.Study TypeCase–control.PopulationTwenty pediatric neuroblastoma survivors treated with cis‐retinoic acid and 20 age‐ and sex‐matched controls.Field Strength/Sequence3T; DTI and 3D double‐echo steady‐state (DESS) sequences.AssessmentOn distal femoral MR studies, physeal 3D volume and DTI tract measurements were calculated and compared to height.Statistical TestsWe used partial Spearman correlation, analysis of covariance, logistic regression, Wald test, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe height percentile correlated most strongly with DTI tract volumes (r = 0.74), followed by mean tract length (r = 0.53) and 3D volume (r = 0.40) (all P < 0.02). Only tract volumes and lengths correlated with annualized growth velocity. Relative to controls, patients showed smaller tract volumes (8.00 cc vs. 13.71 cc, P < 0.01), shorter tract lengths (5.92 mm vs 6.99 mm, P = 0.03), and smaller ratios of 3D cartilage volume to tract length; but no difference (4.51 cc vs 4.85 cc) in 3D MRI volumes. The 10 patients with the lowest height percentiles had smaller tract volumes (5.07 cc vs. 10.93 cc, P < 0.01), but not significantly different 3D MRI volumes. Tract volume is associated with abnormal growth, with an accuracy of 75%.Data ConclusionDTI tract volume of the physis/metaphysis predicts abnormal growth better than physeal cartilage volumetric measurement and correlates best with height percentile and growth velocity.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:544–551.
Synthesis of Stretchable, Environmentally Stable, Conducting Polymer PEDOT Using a Modified Acid Template Random Copolymer
Authors: Kim Youngno , Kim Jooyoung , Lee Hongjoo , Park Chanil , Im Soeun , Kim Jung Hyun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has good electrical conductivity and high transparency in most applications, its usage in stretchable applications is limited because of its rigidity, reduced conductivity after elongation, and poor environmental stability. This study addresses these issues by incorporating the soft and relatively hydrophobic moiety poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA). By incorporating PEGMA randomly in the rigid PSS chain, a soft and hydrophobic copolymer P(SS‐co‐PEGMA) is obtained. The conducting P(SS‐co‐PEGMA)‐based polymer‐coated PET film exhibits good resistance even after 400% elongation. In addition, PEDOT:P(SS‐co‐PEGMA) has better environmental stability than PEDOT:PSS because of the presence of the relatively hydrophobic PEGMA moiety in the chain. Moreover, the potential applicability of the synthesized flexible and stretchable electronic material as a stretchable matrix is established, which includes inorganic conductors (AgNW). When this material is stretched, it can be applied as a conductive interconnector to maintain the electrical pathway, instead of the other insulating matrices.