bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Mazur Karol , Machaj Dominik , Mazur Dominika , Baran Marlena , Płaczek Alicja 
Published: June 2020

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder, that affects large intestine. The symptoms of IBS include: abdominal pain, discomfort, change in bowel habits and disordered defecation. The causes of irritable bowel syndrome have not yet been fully investigated and determined.Peppermint (Mentha ×piperita) is a hybrid type of mint, a cross between watermint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata). Peppermint oil is produced in the proces of steam distillation of fresh leaves of peppermint.The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Our study material consisted of publications, which were found in PubMed, ResearchGate and Google Scholar databases. The first step was to find proper publications from the last 30 years. The second step was to carry out an overview of the found publications.Based on the results of mentioned studies it can be concluded that peppermin oil is effective in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome due to providing global symptom improvement and significant reduction of abdominal pain, and its short-term use is safe. However, further research is needed to estabilish the role of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and to determine the optimal duration of treatment, dosage of peppermint oil, and its possible side effects related to long-term usage.
Morphological and motor skills condition among 10-11 year old children engaged in cross-country skiing attending Sports Primary School in Suprasl
Authors: Roczniak Katarzyna , Babuśka–Roczniak Magdalena , Wojtanowska–Kaczka Magdalena , Racz Oliver , Roczniak Anna , Lyubinets Oleh , Widuchowski Wojciech , Roczniak Wojciech 
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Cross-country skiing is a sport discipline with different applications in the modern world. It is used in recreation, rehabilitation, tourism and sport as a phycical movement. Objective of the work. The aim of the study was to estimate physical fitness of children aged 10 - 11 years attending sports classes (cross-country skiing profile) with the results of the efficiency grade among students attending unsportsmanlike classes in Sports Primary School in Suprasl. Material and methods. The study involved 50 children attending the Sports School in Suprasl - class 4 students. Each student was supposed to take part in the International Physical Fitness Test. There were the following attempts: 50 metres run, long jump, sitting position from lying down during 30 seconds, the trunkbend in front and 600 metres run. The results of completed studies are presented in tables and figures below. Results. The analysis show that girls practising cross-country skiing are characterized by higher efficiency motor skill compared to their peers, as well as it is easier for them to acquire new motor skills than for boys of their class. For boys the differences that occurred between sports and unsportsmanlike classes was insignificant. Perhaps, it may change in future. Conclusions. Children attending sports classes (cross country-skiing profile) have better motor abilities and acquire new motor skills faster than pupils in unsportsmanlike classes.
The Beneficial Effects of Ad Blockers
Authors: Despotakis Stylianos , Ravi R. , Srinivasan Kannan 
Published: June 2020

Although online advertising is the lifeline of many internet content platforms, the usage of ad blockers has surged in recent years, presenting a challenge to platforms dependent on ad revenue. Using a simple analytical model with two competing platforms, we show that the presence of ad blockers can actually benefit platforms. In particular, there are conditions under which the optimal equilibrium strategy for the platforms is to allow the use of ad blockers (rather than using an ad-block wall or charging a fee for viewing ad-free content). The key insight is that allowing ad blockers serves to differentiate platform users based on their disutility to viewing ads. This allows platforms to increase their ad intensity on those that do not use the ad blockers and achieve higher returns than in a world without ad blockers. We show robustness of these results when we allow a larger combination of platform strategies, as well as by explaining how ad white-listing schemes offered by modern ad blockers can add value. Our study provides general guidelines for what strategy a platform should follow based on the heterogeneity in the ad sensitivity of their user base. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Utilizing phase delays of an integrated pixel-array structure to generate orbital-angular-momentum beams with tunable orders and a broad bandwidth
Authors: Song Hao , Zhao Zhe , Zhang Runzhou , Song Haoqian , Zhou Huibin , Pang Kai , Du Jing , Li Long , Liu Cong , Su Xinzhou , Almaiman Ahmed , Bock Robert , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E. 
Published: June 2020

We study the relationship between the input phase delays and the output mode orders when using a pixel-array structure fed by multiple single-mode waveguides for tunable orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) beam generation. As an emitter of a free-space OAM beam, the designed structure introduces a transformation function that shapes and coherently combines multiple (e.g., four) equal-amplitude inputs, with thekth input carrying a phase delay of(k−1)Δφ. The simulation results show that (1) the generated OAM order ℓ is dependent on the relative phase delayΔφ; (2) the transformation function can be tailored by engineering the structure to support different tunable ranges (e.g., l={−1},{−1,+1},{−1,0,+1}, or{−2,−1,+1,+2}); and (3) multiple independent coaxial OAM beams can be generated by simultaneously feeding the structure with multiple independent beams, such that each beam has its ownΔφvalue for the four inputs. Moreover, there is a trade-off between the tunable range and the mode purity, bandwidth, and crosstalk, such that the increase of the tunable range leads to (a) decreased mode purity (from 91% to 75% forl=−1), (b) decreased 3 dB bandwidth of emission efficiency (from 285 nm forl={−1}to 122 nm forl={−2,−1,+1,+2}), and (c) increased crosstalk within the C-band (from−23.7to−13.2dBwhen the tunable range increases from 2 to 4).
Cholestasis in Benign Recurrent Intrahepatic Cholestasis 2
Authors: Arthur Lorio Eric , Valadez David , Alkhouri Naim , Loo Nicole 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis represents a rare class of autosomal recessive chronic cholestasis disorders, usually presenting with recurrent episodes of intense pruritus and jaundice. We report a 27-year-old woman presenting with benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 due to heterozygosity in ABCB11. Interestingly, she was also found to be heterozygous in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, NPHP4, and A1ATD (SERPINA1), which may explain the severe nature of her disease expression because heterozygosity in each of these genes has been associated with cholestasis. Finally, she exhibited a response to steroids that may have implications for future treatment of bile salt export pump-related diseases.
Prilagoditev in psihometrična validacija Lestvice profesionalnih kompetenc medicinskih sester v izrednih razmerah v času epidemije SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) v Sloveniji
Authors: Prosen Mirko , Ličen Sabina , Karnjuš Igor 
Published: June 2020

Uvod: Za uspešno, samozavestno in učinkovito spoprijemanje s spremenjenimi vlogami in zagotavljanje ustrezne pomoči prizadetim morajo biti tudi medicinske sestre v času izrednih razmer ustrezno usposobljene in pripravljene. Namen raziskave je bil prevesti in prilagoditi merski instrument Lestvica profesionalnih kompetenc medicinskih sester v izrednih razmerah (LPKMS-IR) ter oceniti njegove psihometrične lastnosti.Metode: Uporabljen je bil kvantitativni metodološki raziskovalni dizajn. Lestvica je bila testirana na priložnostnem vzorcu 118 medicinskih sester. V trifaznem procesu prilagoditve in validacije se je poleg vsebinske skladnosti preverjalo notranjo konsistentnost, stabilnost in povezanost spremenljivk ter faktorsko strukturo.Rezultati: Faktorska analiza je podala model s tremi faktorji, pri čemer prvi faktor Temeljne kompetence medicinskih sester v izrednih razmerah pojasni 36,53 % celotne variance. Rezultati kažejo tudi zelo visoko povezanost med faktorji (p < 0,001) in stopnjo zanesljivosti pri celotni lestvici LPKMS-IR (Cronbach α = 0,937).Diskusija in zaključek: Rezultati potrjujejo, da je slovenska različica lestvice LPKMS-IR veljaven in zanesljiv merski instrument. Ob pomanjkanju ustreznih merskih instrumentov omogoča identifikacijo kompetenc medicinskih sester v izrednih razmerah ter nekatere okoliščine njihovih vlog. Ugotovitve nakazujejo tudi potrebo po nekaterih spremembah izobraževanja za zdravstveno nego in ciljanem raziskovanju tistih skupin v zdravstveni negi, ki se po pričakovanjih pogosteje srečujejo z izrednimi situacijami.
Examining the effect of individual innovation level of students of sports sciences faculty on digital literacy with structural equation model
Authors: Güngör Nuri Berk , Kurtipek Serkan 
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of individual innovation level of students of the Faculty of Sport Sciences on digital literacy. The study group of the research; It consists of 205 participants who continue their education in a higher education institution in Ankara that provides undergraduate sports education in the 2019-2020 academic year. Data collection tools; it is “Individual Innovation Scale” and “Digital Literacy Scale”. In the research, a theoretical model was created and tested. In the analysis of the data; structural equation model, descriptive statistics and Independent Samples T-test were used. When the analysis results are examined; It can be stated that the participants have a questioning innovation identity. However, it can be said that they have an above average digital literacy skill. Considering the gender variable, the level of digital literacy of male participants was found to be significantly higher than that of female participants. In addition, research results show that individual innovativeness explains digital literacy by 37%. Therefore, it can be stated that individual innovation significantly predicts digital literacy.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.

Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinin bireysel yenilikçilik düzeyinin dijital okuryazarlığa etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu; 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında Ankara’da bulunan ve lisans düzeyinde spor eğitimi veren bir yükseköğretim kurumunda eğitimlerine devam eden 205 katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları; “Bireysel Yenilikçilik Ölçeği” ve “Dijital Okuryazarlık Ölçeği” dir. Araştırmada teorik bir model oluşturulmuş ve test edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde; yapısal eşitlik modeli, betimsel istatistikler ve Bağımsız Örneklemler T-testi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde; katılımcıların sorgulayıcı bir yenilikçilik kimliğine sahip olduğu ifade edilebilir. Bununla beraber, ortalamanın üzerinde bir dijital okuryazarlık becerisine de sahip oldukları söylenebilir. Cinsiyet değişkeni ele alındığında, erkek katılımcıların dijital okuryazarlık düzeyinin kadın katılımcılara göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma sonuçları, bireysel yenilikçiliğin dijital okuryazarlığı %37 oranında açıkladığını göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla, bireysel yenilikçiliğin dijital okuryazarlığı önemli düzeyde yordadığı belirtilebilir.
Eigenvalue Problems for Fredholm Operators with Set-Valued Perturbations
Authors: Benevieri Pierluigi , Iannizzotto Antonio 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
By means of a suitable degree theory, we prove persistence of eigenvalues and eigenvectors for set-valued perturbations of a Fredholm linear operator. As a consequence, we prove existence of a bifurcation point for a non-linear inclusion problem in abstract Banach spaces. Finally, we provide applications to differential inclusions.
SARS-CoV-2 RNA identification in nasopharyngeal swabs: issues in pre-analytics
Authors: Basso Daniela , Aita Ada , Navaglia Filippo , Franchin Elisa , Fioretto Paola , Moz Stefania , Bozzato Dania , Zambon Carlo-Federico , Martin Barbara , Dal Prà Chiara , Crisanti Andrea , Plebani Mario 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The direct identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs is recommended for diagnosing the novel COVID-19 disease. Pre-analytical determinants, such as sampling procedures, time and temperature storage conditions, might impact on the end result. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of sampling procedures, time and temperature of the primary nasopharyngeal swabs storage on real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) results.

Methods
Each nasopharyngeal swab obtained from 10 hospitalized patients for COVID-19 was subdivided in 15 aliquots: five were kept at room temperature; five were refrigerated (+4 °C); five were immediately mixed with the extraction buffer and refrigerated at +4 °C. Every day and for 5 days, one aliquot per condition was analyzed (rRT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 gene E and RNaseP and threshold cycles (Ct) compared. To evaluate manual sampling, 70 nasopharyngeal swabs were sampled twice by two different operators and analyzed separately one from the other.

Results
A total of 6/10 swabs were SARS-CoV-2 positive. No significant time or storage-dependent variations were observed in SARS-CoV-2 Ct. Re-sampling of swabs with SARS-CoV-2 Ct lower than 33 resulted in highly reproducible results (CV=2.9%), while a high variability was observed when Ct values were higher than 33 (CV=10.3%).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that time and temperature of nasopharyngeal swabs storage do not significantly impact on results reproducibility. However, swabs sampling is a critical step, and especially in case of low viral load, might be a potential source of diagnostic errors.
Efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dye from aqueous solutions over zinc oxide incorporated nanocellulose under visible light irradiation
Authors: Jamal Nahi , Radhakrishnan Asha , Raghavan Raveendran , Bhaskaran Beena 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Increased growth of textile industries leads to the tremendous accumulation of dyes on water and surrounding environments. This terrific increase of dyes is the major cause of water pollution which in turn adversely affects the aquatic lives and the balance of our ecosystem. Purpose of the present study is to report the synthesis and characterization of a composite namely zinc oxide incorporated nanocellulose (ZnO/NC) for effective degradation of an anionic dye, Congo red. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunaeur, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies have helped to characterize the composite. The optical properties of the samples were studied by UV-Visible spectroscopy. Feasibility of the photocatalyst in the degradation of Congo red was tested. Experimental conditions such as time of contact, concentration of the dye solution, catalyst dosage, pH were altered to find out the optimum conditions of degradation. The optimum pH was found to be 5.5 and dosage of ZnO/NC was optimized as 0.075 g for a dye concentration of 20 ppm. Equilibrium was attained at 120 min. The studies reveal that the photocatalyst ZnO/NC is efficient for the photodegradation of Congo red. Photodegradation was due to electron hole interaction between metal oxides and nanocellulose.
Convolutions in µ-pseudo almost periodic and µ-pseudo almost automorphic function spaces and applications to solve Integral equations
Authors: Béssémè Fritz Mbounja , Békollè David , Ezzinbi Khalil , Fatajou Samir , Danga Duplex Elvis Houpa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work is to give sufficient conditions ensuring that the space PAP(𝕉, X, µ) of µ-pseudo almost periodic functions and the space PAA(𝕉, X, µ) of µ-pseudo almost automorphic functions are invariant by the convolution product f = k * f, k ∈ L
1(𝕉). These results establish sufficient assumptions on k and the measure µ. As a consequence, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of µ-pseudo almost periodic solutions and µ-pseudo almost automorphic solutions for some abstract integral equations, evolution equations and partial functional differential equations.
Visible to long-wave infrared chip-scale spectrometers based on photodetectors with tailored responsivities and multispectral filters
Authors: Cadusch Jasper J. , Meng Jiajun , Craig Benjamin J. , Shrestha Vivek Raj , Crozier Kenneth B. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chip-scale microspectrometers, operational across the visible to long-wave infrared spectral region will enable many remote sensing spectroscopy applications in a variety of fields including consumer electronics, process control in manufacturing, as well as environmental and agricultural monitoring. The low weight and small device footprint of such spectrometers could allow for integration into handheld, unattended vehicles or wearable-electronics based systems. This review will focus on recent developments in nanophotonic microspectrometer designs, which fall into two design categories: (i) planar filter-arrays used in conjunction with visible or IR detector arrays and (ii) microspectrometers using filter-free detector designs with tailored responsivities, where spectral filtering and photocurrent generation occur within the same nanostructure.
Spillovers across House Price Convergence Clubs: Evidence from the Polish Housing Market
Authors: Tomal Mateusz 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess whether significant spillovers exist among house price convergence clubs in the Polish housing market. This paper is a continuation of my previous research on house price convergence in Poland. In order to achieve the defined goal, VAR modelling was used. Based on the results of the VAR model, impulse response functions (IRFs) and the Spillover Index were calculated. The obtained results indicate that spillovers in the Polish housing market are strong. The relationships are observed both inside the primary and secondary markets and between them. In particular, a very powerful influence is exerted from a club of cities from the primary market, consisting of Cracow, Warsaw, Gdańsk, Poznań, Rzeszów and Wrocław, on the remaining identified house price convergence clubs.
Effect of changes in laboratory light intensity on biochemistry and haemogram analysis
Authors: Yilmaz Sedat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
To investigate the effect of changes in laboratory light intensity on chemistry and whole blood analysis.

Materials and Methods
The light intensity of the laboratory environment was measured and chemical and whole blood analysis was performed on 20 patient blood samples. The light intensity was then increased using projectors and re-measured, and the chemical and whole blood analyses were repeated. The values of the tests pre- and post-light increase were compared by statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test.

Results
Increasing light from 195 to 1,168 lux significantly altered the results of the lipase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and iron chemistry tests, (p<0.001 [11.3%], p=0.003 [2.2%], p=0.001 [2%] and p=<0.001 [1.2%], respectively). There was also a significant difference in platelet count (p=<0.001 [188%]).

Conclusions
We show that the platelet count is sensitive to changes in laboratory light intensity at clinically unacceptable levels. The lipase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and iron tests are also sensitive to changes in laboratory light intensity, but at clinically acceptable levels.
Patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis are not at higher risk for developing clinically overt thyroid cancer: a 10-year follow-up study
Authors: Rotondi Mario , Groppelli Gloria , Croce Laura , Latrofa Francesco , Ancona Giuseppe , Coperchini Francesca , Pasquali Daniela , Cappelli Carlo , Fugazza Alessandro , Guazzoni Valeria , Radetti Giorgio , Chiovato Luca 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
The association between chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains controversial. The incidence of DTC increases when screening procedures are implemented, as typically occurs in CAT patients being routinely submitted to thyroid ultrasound (US). The aim of this study was to longitudinally evaluate the long-term development of DTC in patients with CAT.

Design and methods:
A retrospective longitudinal cohort study was designed. For the study, 510 patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT) with a 10-year follow-up were enrolled. Patients were divided in two groups according to the presence (CAT+ NOD+; n = 115) or absence (CAT+ NOD−; n = 395) of co-existent nodules at diagnosis. The main outcome measures were appearance of new thyroid-nodules and development of DTC during follow-up.

Results:
During a 10-year median follow-up period, new thyroid-nodules were detected in 34/115 (29.5%) patients in the CAT+ NOD+ group and in 41/395 (10.3%) in the CAT+ NOD− group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that thyroid-volume at diagnosis and belonging to the CAT+ NOD+ group significantly predicted the appearance of a new thyroid nodule during follow-up, independently of baseline age and sex. Among the 75 patients experiencing the appearance of a new nodule, 27 (39%) met the criteria for fine-needle-aspiration-cytology (FNAC). A benign cytological diagnosis was rendered in all cases.

Conclusions:
In our series of CAT patients, the appearance of new thyroid-nodules was frequent, but none of them were found to be malignant. The presence of CAT appears to be associated with a negligible risk of developing clinically overt DTC.
Identification of Loci That Confer Resistance to Bacterial and Fungal Diseases of Maize
Authors: Qiu Yuting , Cooper Julian , Kaiser Christopher , Wisser Randall , Mideros Santiago X , Jamann Tiffany M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Crops are hosts to numerous plant pathogenic microorganisms. Maize has several major disease issues; thus, breeding multiple disease resistant (MDR) varieties is critical. While the genetic basis of resistance to multiple fungal pathogens has been studied in maize, less is known about the relationship between fungal and bacterial resistance. In this study, we evaluated a disease resistance introgression line (DRIL) population for the foliar disease Goss’s bacterial wilt and blight (GW) and conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. We identified a total of ten QTL across multiple environments. We then combined our GW data with data on four additional foliar diseases (northern corn leaf blight, southern corn leaf blight, gray leaf spot, and bacterial leaf streak) and conducted multivariate analysis to identify regions conferring resistance to multiple diseases. We identified 20 chromosomal bins with putative multiple disease effects. We examined the five chromosomal regions (bins 1.05, 3.04, 4.06, 8.03, and 9.02) with the strongest statistical support. By examining how each haplotype effected each disease, we identified several regions associated with increased resistance to multiple diseases and three regions associated with opposite effects for bacterial and fungal diseases. In summary, we identified several promising candidate regions for multiple disease resistance in maize and specific DRILs to expedite interrogation.