bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional discriminant analysis of morphostructural traits in Nigerian locally adapted turkeys
Authors: Adenaike Adeyemi Sunday , Jegede Oluwatosin , Bello-Ibiyemi Abdulraheem Adedeji , Ikeobi Christian Obiora Ndubuisi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Association among biometric traits and characterisation based on sexed-plumage colour of Nigerian locally adapted turkey were investigated using discriminant analysis. Eight morphometric traits were measured to study their phenotypic variations between two plumage colours (Lavender and White). The characters measured were body weight (BW) as well as body dimensions such as wing length (WL), wing span (WS), body length (BL), breast girth (BG), shank length (SL), thigh length (TL) and keel length (KL) taken at 12 weeks of age. The White male turkey was significantly (P < 0.05) heavier and had longer morphometric body traits than its female counterpart, but when compared with the Lavender male and female genotype, the traits did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). High positive and significant (P < 0.05) correlation coefficients were recorded among the various body traits. Coefficients of correlation in Lavender turkey ranged from 0.73 – 0.94, and 0.84 – 0.96 in the White turkey. The highest association with body weight in Lavender was body length (r = 0.80, P < 0.05), and the trio of BW, TL and KL had the stronger association for the White turkey (r = 0.91, P < 0.05). The first, second and third canonical variable or Fisher linear discriminant function explained 52.13 %, 37.48 % and 10.39 %, respectively, of the total variation. The distances between all pair wise were significant (P < 0.05). The greatest distance value (415.16) was between the White male and female turkeys, closely followed by the male White and female Lavender turkey (303.58), while the least distance was between the male and female Lavender. The distance between the populations was significant. It can be concluded that thigh length, breast girth, wing length, wing span and body length can serve as the most discriminating variables in distinguishing between White and Lavender populations.
Weed control and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) in Malete, Kwara State of Nigeria
Authors: Imoloame Emmanuel Oyamedan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The need to determine the minimum application rates of commonly used herbicides in Malete and the Guinea savanna of Nigeria for effective weed control and higher grain yield of maize, triggered this study. Therefore, field trials were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Kwara State University, Malete, to determine the weed control method that will be more effective in controlling weeds and give higher grain yield and cash returns in the production of maize. The experiment consisted of 9 treatments viz: primextra (metolachlor plus atrazine) + 2,4-D at 1.5 + 1.5 kg active ingredient (a.i.).ha−1, primextra + 2,4-D at 2.0 + 2.0 kg a.i. ha−1, primextra + 2,4-D at 2.5 + 2.5 kg ha−1, primextra + nicosulfuron at 1.5 + 0.03 kg a.i. ha−1, primextra + nicosulfuron at 2.0 + 0.05 kg a.i. ha−1, primextra + niconsulfuron at 2.5 + 0.07 kg a.i. ha−1, primextra at 1.5 kg a.i. ha−1 + one Supplementary Hoe Weeding (SHW) at 6 Weeks After Sowing (WAS), two hand weeding at 3 and 6 Weeks After Sowing (WAS) and a weedy check. These treatments were laid out in randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) package, after which means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results showed that treatment combinations of primextra + one SHW at 6 WAS, two hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS, primextra + 2,4-D at 2.0 + 2.0 kg a.i. ha−1 and primextra + nicosulfuron at 2.0+0.05 kg a.i. ha−1 gave effective weed control, higher grain yield and cash returns. Therefore, primextra at 1.5 kg a.i. ha−1 + one SHW at 6 WAS, primextra +2,4-D at 2.0 + 2.0 kg a.i. ha−1 and primextra + nicosulfuron at 2.0 + 0.05 kg a.i. ha−1 are recommended to farmers as alternative to two hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS.
Identifying Key Criteria for Quality Assessment of Landscape Architecture Projects
Authors: Stauskis Gintaras 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
the question of quality of modified landscape is critical for the client and the users and depends on the quality of projects. After theoretical and empirical research, the paper proposes the framework for quality assessment criteria and corresponding indicators for assessing landscape architecture projects. By thorough analysis of the recent international research and design and implementation practices in Lithuania, the paper gives the flexible and universal set of environmental, socio-economic, and aesthetic quality criteria and relevant indicators in the context of sustainable performance.
Defect Detection of Printed Fabric Based on RGBAAM and Image Pyramid
Authors: Jing Junfeng , Ren Huanhuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To solve the problem of defect detection in printed fabrics caused by abundant colors and varied patterns, a defect detection method based on RGB accumulative average method (RGBAAM) and image pyramid matching is proposed. First, the minimum period of the printed fabric is calculated by the RGBAAM. Second, a Gaussian pyramid is constructed for the template image and the detected image by using the minimum period as a template. Third, the similarity measurement method is used to match the template image and the detected image. Finally, the position of the printed fabric defect is marked in the image to be detected by using the Laplacian pyramid restoration. The experimental results show that the method can accurately segment the printed fabric periodic unit and locate the defect position. The calculation cost is low for the method proposed in this article.
Comparative study of two Eucalyptus species from Algeria: chemical composition, toxicity and acaricidal effect on Varroa destructor
Authors: Atmani-Merabet Ghania , Fellah Sihem , Belkhiri Abdelmalik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Varroa destructor is an external parasitic mite that is a serious pest of honeybees and has caused severe losses of colonies worldwide. One of the feasible alternative treatments being used for their control is the application of essential oils, which are generally inexpensive and most pose few health risks. The investigation was designed to determine the chemical composition, toxicity and acaricidal effects of Eucalyptus amygdalina leaf essential oil (EaEO) grown in Algeria and to compare its activity on Varroa destructor with that of Eucalyptus globulus from the same region. Fresh leaves of E. amygdalina (Ea) by steam distillation yielded 0.77% (v/w), and investigation of the oil on GC/MS resulted in the identification of 35 compounds, with 1.8-cineole (35.78%) as most abundant constituent. Other notable compounds include spathulenol (12.58%), camphene (7.73%), α-pinene (4.38%), valencene (2.64%), while 2-carene and ledol (1.45%) were also among the constituents identified. The acaricidal features of the essential oil was evaluated using bee hives infected by Varroa destructor, and a significant effect of oil application was observed (p < 0.05). Cytotoxic effect was assayed using the brine shrimp lethality assay, Probit’s analysis of the result revealed an LC50 value of 116.06 μg/mL. Essential oil of E. amygdalina (EaEO) has potential acaricidal effect on Varroa destructor, but this effect is less important than the one recorded by E. globulus. Further studies are needed to determine the active component responsible for this effect.
The Confirmed Occurence of Serpent Eel Ophisurus serpens in Saros Bay (Northern Agean Sea), Turkey
Authors: Tuncer Sezginer , Koç Hatice Torcu , Zilifli Aytuğ 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
One mature female specimen of serpent eel Ophisurus serpens (Linnaeus, 1758) was caught by long line by a professional fisherman at a depth of about 45 m from Ece Bight, Saros Bay, north Aegean Sea on 15 February 2016. The species was previously reported without any morphometric and meristic characters from Saros Bay. Some biological characters, such as age and diameters of otolith and oocytes, are also given. In this study, the detailed morphomeristic features, which can contribute to the taxonomic studies of serpent eel from Turkish Seas, are presented.
Modern Trends in the Functioning of Grain-Product Subcomplex of the Agricultural Sector of Ukraine in the Context of Implementing Its External Economic Potential
Authors: Zrailo Ivan , Hynkevych Svitlana 
Published: October 2020

Summary

Subject and purpose of work: The main purpose of the article is to research the state of grain-product subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex and identify the main trends in its functioning as a prerequisite for the implementation of the external economic potential of Ukraine.

Materials and methods: The research used methodical tools for analysis, construction of econometric models, as well as open information sources of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.

Results: A set of factors (independent variables) were determined and the existence of theoretically their relationship with the production profitability of cereals and legumes (dependent variable) was substantiated. The regression equations for the investigated factors dependence were formed. The reliability of the econometric model was proved using Fisher’s criterion and Student’s t-criterion test.

Conclusions: To increase the external economic potential of the grain-product subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex, it is advisable to focus on building rational mechanisms for managing the identified determinants of efficiency ensuring of the latter.
The Role of Cultural Tourism in Development of Depressed Regions in Russia: The Case of Plyos, Ivanovo Region.
Authors: Savchenko Alexander , Borodina Tatiana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes the impact of cultural tourism on the development of municipalities in depressed regions through case-study of the small town Plyos in Ivanovo oblast in Russia. The town-planning composition of Plyos is determined by the Volga river and the complex highly rugged relief. The unique combination of architecture and natural landscape makes the town and its surroundings attractive for cultural tourism development. The connection between the development of culture and tourism in Plyos has been noted since the beginning of the 1970s. Since then, from decade to decade, these spheres have constantly strengthened each other’s development. A number of market factors have been identified for effective involvement of historical heritage and cultural landscape in various types of cultural tourism and their transformation into a resource for sustainable development of the settlement. These market factors can be summarized into three groups: marketing, institutional and investment. The bet on market-based and diversified development of cultural tourism made by the authorities of the municipality and the region in 2005 has produced significant positive results by 2020. The structure of cultural tourism in Plyos has changed qualitatively, and the importance of event and creative tourism has grown significantly. Over the past 4–5 years, the tourist flow has changed radically in the direction of a significant increase in the share of individual and most solvent categories of tourists. Increasing the duration of cruise ship stay and lengthening the period of attendance in Plyos for individual tourists provides an increase in the load of tourist infrastructure in the summer season, and the boom in expensive seasonal real estate and the expansion of the offer of services for types of tourism related to cultural, contribute to leveling the seasonal load. However, these successes have a downside, when Plyos is an “island of prosperity” in the “economic desert” of its depressed regional environment. There are several ways in which it is possible to influence the development of a depressive surroundings. For the Ivanovo region, Plyos acts as a “point of entry” for investments in the tourism sector, a promoter of all-Russian events in the field of cultural tourism and a market place for products of local producers, including products of world-famous art crafts.
A history of varying methods for determining tree age in Estonia with emphasis on oak
Authors: Sander Heldur 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper explores the history of age detection of trees, especially the age history of oak trees, throughout two centuries in Estonia. It was already in the beginning of the 19th century when relations between the size and age of oaks in northern Latvia (previous Livonian province) were described. The paper explains how the species concept of Quercus robur developed over time in the past and points out discussions on the existence of two varieties Q. robur L. var. tardiflora Czern and Q. robur L. var. praecox Czern. It also states that thanks to the use of the increment borer, the first dendrochronological studies were carried out in Estonia in the 1920s. Dendrochronological research in the Soviet Union began in the 1950s with Lithuania being the leading country in the field headed by Teodaras Bitvinskas. In Estonia, research was continued in the 1960s until now. The paper takes a look at the life of Mart Rohtla who introduced the method of determining tree age according to tree bark, presents his standpoints on oaks and critically assesses these. A comparative assessment is given on the ages of oak and lime trees found according to the tree-ring method and bark increment method. The great ages of the oaks and limes found by applying the bark increments method are doubted and considered unreliable. However, the age of the surface layers of the bark of oaks and limes needs clarification in the future.
Suitability of the Weber-Gut risk assessment methodology used in Central Europe for determining invasive woody plant species in Estonian historical parks
Authors: Nutt Nele , Kubjas Ardo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The main objective of this research was to assess the suitability of the risk assessment methodology developed by Weber & Gut for Central Europe in order to determine the invasive species in the dendroflora of this region's historical parks. In order to do so a region was chosen where the number of old parks is high (Estonia) and then the following characteristics were studied: 1) the distribution of invasive species; 2) the viability of invasive species. Research results showed that the risk assessment for Central Europe developed by Weber & Gut is not suitable for determining invasive tree and shrub species in the historical parks of Estonia. The research viewed 18 species (classified as a high-risk category) and only half of them had characteristics inherent to invasive behaviour (produces reproductive offspring, often in very large numbers, at a considerable distance from parent plants, and thus has the potential to spread over a considerable area). Even in a small territory (45,339 km2), the regional differences in the occurrence of invasive species were substantial. No independent mass reproduction of most of the invasive species was detected during the use of the Weber-Gut risk assessment system. This research showed that the dangers of invasive species cannot be assessed based on one methodology, but each species should be assessed according to their habitat and specifics of the species.
Ozolinši tüvemoodustaja matemaatiline analüüs ja modifitseerimise võimalused Hiiumaa männikute näitel
Authors: Padari Allar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper discloses algorithms for calculating the volume and lateral area of a stem or part of the stem (assortment) using the integral of the Ozolinš’ stem taper curve. An algorithm was also developed to change the taper curve constants in case another diameter was measured higher than the breast height. The experiment was performed with 580 Scots pines (Pinus Sylvestris L.) measured in Hiiumaa, which included height, diameter at breast height and diameter from the root collar at a height of 5 m. The volumes of tree stem and assortments were estimated with both – the original and corrected (with the measured additional diameter) Ozolinš’ taper curve. Using the original Ozolinš’ taper curve, the stem volume of pines in Hiiumaa is estimated at 4% higher according to the analysis results of 580 measured trees. In the case of Hiiumaa Scots pines (Pinus Sylvestris L.), it is recommended to use 119.717, −289.805 and 1152.016 as the values of the coefficients a0, a1 and a2, respectively, of the Ozolinš’ taper curve equation. In conclusion, for a more accurate assessment of the forest reserve, it is recommended to measure one additional diameter at 5 to 8 m above the root collar on some or all trees.
Ectoparasites Ctenocephalides (Siphonaptera, Pulicidae) in the Composition of Mixed Infestations in Domestic Dogs from Poltava, Ukraine
Authors: Yevstafieva V. , Horb K. , Melnychuk V. , Bakhur T. , Feshchenko D. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
One of the most common ectoparasites on domestic carnivores are fleas from the genus Ctenocephalides. This group of blood sucking insects are one of the most important in medical and veterinary terms, as they can serve as carriers of dangerous infectious and may cause other invasive diseases. Research studies have established a variety of fleas and other contagions parasitizing domestic dogs in Poltava, Ukraine. Certain peculiarities of these ectoparasitic studies, as a part of mixed infestations of dogs, have recently been determined. The results of the studies have shown that the species composition of the fleas was represented by two main species. The dominant species was Ct. felis, and their prevalence was 36.05 %. Another species (Ct. canis) was diagnosed less often and had a prevalence of 27.94 %. It was found that in 31.18 % of the dogs, the blood-sucking insects were mostly parasitizing in the form of an associations with: nematoda (Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Uncinaria stenocephala), Cestoda (Dipylidium caninum), protozoa (Cystoisospora canis), and another ectoparasite (Trichodectes canis). Overall, 33 types of mixed infestations were detected. Moreover, the number of different parasitic species in each dog ranged from one to seven. Fleas of the genus Ctenocephalides (in the composition of two species of parasites) were registered the most often (14.60 %). The infestation of dogs with other forms of mixed infestations was 0.69—8.01 %. The most frequent co-members for Ct. felis were Cestoda [D. caninum (13.47 %)], for Ct. canis—Cestoda [D. caninum (11.23 %)] and Nematoda [T. vulpis (8.29 %)].
Epidemiological and Comparative Diagnostic Study of Anaplasma Spp. Infection in Goats from North-Eastern Algeria
Authors: Reghaissia N. , Dahmane A. , Boularias G. , Ghalmi F. , Azzag N. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Anaplasmosis is an infectious disease affecting goats and other ruminants. Our goal was to estimate the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. infections, and to identify different tick species in goa ts along with their associated risk factors. The epidemiology of Anaplasma spp. (A. ovis/A. marginale) was investigated from April to September 2016 in dairy goats from three different agro-ecological areas in the northeast region of Algeria (Guelma and El-Taref). We tested 182 goat sera using a MSP5 competitive ELISA (cELISA) test for IgG antibody screening, and by microscopic examination using the Giemsa (May-Greunwald-Giemsa) stain of 128 blood smears to detect intraerythrocytic inclusions bodies. The results demonstrated a total infection rate of 78.02 % and 42.18 % using cELISA and MGG, respectively. Only two species of ticks collected were identified, i. e. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (85.39 %) and Rhipicephalus bursa (14.60 %). Our study revealed that factors, such as the season, the type of farming, the hygienic status and the climatic conditions of the studied areas were found to be significantly associated with the tick infestation of goats (P < 0.05). The Anaplasma spp. infection prevalence was found to be highly dependent on the climatic conditions, the season (P < 0.05) and most closely related to the type of breeding and herd management (P = 0.000).
The evaluation of the Giemsa technique showed specificity and sensitivity of 60.71 % and 45.16 % respectively. Calculating the concordance between the two techniques revealed Cohen’s Kappa value of 0.038 in the range 0.21—0.40, which corresponded to a very low agreement. The McNemar test results showed that both tests gave significantly different results (P < 0.05). This work provides evidence for Anaplasma spp. in goats from north-eastern Algeria.
Approaching the Variety of Lived Experiences: On the Psychological Motives in Leopold Blaustein’s Method
Authors: Płotka Witold 
Published: October 2020

Summary
The article explores psychological motives in Leopold Blaustein’s philosophy. Blaustein was educated in Lvov, Freiburg im Breisgau and Berlin. In his original explorations, he attempted to connect a phenomenological perspective with descriptive psychology. As trained by Twardowski, he took over some motives of understanding the method of philosophy (psychology), its objectives and aims. The author situates Blaustein also in a dialogue with Stumpf and next to the context of Dilthey’s humanistic psychology is examined. Finally, the article explores the influences of Gestalt psychology on Blaustein. The ultimate thesis of the article is that Blaustein’s method can be grasped as a phenomenologically oriented descriptive psychology.
Determinants of inward FDI in Ukraine: Does political stability matter?
Authors: Cieślik Andrzej , Gurshev Oleg 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The main goal of this article is to study the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Ukraine from 2013 to 2017 that includes the years of armed conflict. We adopt the Knowledge-Capital model as our analytical framework and extend it to include the effects that account for political stability and political regime. The research hypotheses obtained from this framework are verified using the Pseudo-Poisson Maximum Likelihood estimation technique and the bilateral panel data on direct investment stocks from 140 partner countries. Our empirical findings show that access to Ukraine's cheap labor force is the primary reason for inward FDI. Moreover, we find no direct relationship between the political events in Ukraine and the investment stock dynamics as the estimated parameters on the indices of democracy, autocracy, polity, and political stability show no statistical significance.
Not everyone is engaged: an innovative approach to measure engagement levels on the labor market
Authors: Chartouni Carole , Holzmann Robert , Paez Gustavo N. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the Individuals’ level of engagement on the labor market and the engagement heterogeneity across individuals in matters of labor market outcomes and the effectiveness of policy interventions. Emerging economies with highly segmented and distorted labor markets typically exhibit strong heterogeneity in labor market engagement. This paper develops an innovative index that measures individuals’ labor market engagement across three dimensions (preferences, intensity, and barriers) and across three labor market categories (employed, unemployed, and out-of-labor force) based on a recent special labor market survey in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Clustering individuals with similar engagement levels permit more effective targeting of labor market interventions. Findings confirm the strong heterogeneity of labor market engagement in the KSA and the index’s usefulness in the construction of differentiated policies across these clusters.