bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the Sharing of Resources Impact Health Among Married Couples? New Findings From Dyadic Models
Authors: Wang Shuangshuang , Kim Kyungmin , Lyons Karen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As married couples aging together, their health behaviors and outcomes could be shaped by both one’s own and the spouse’s characteristics. Using dyadic datasets, speakers in this symposium explored the interdependence nature of marital relations by identifying the mechanisms of how shared resources or strains affect spouses’ physical and mental health outcomes among married couples. Wang, Kim, and Burr identified distinct types of personality configurations among older couples using the Health and Retirement Study, and examined how personality compatibilities could buffer negative effects of adverse life events on older couples’ mental health. Using data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, Proulx, Skoblow, and Han further investigated the associations between marital quality and mental health among caregiving dyads, with a special focus on a comparison of different caregiving groups (spouse, child, others). From a physical health perspective, Wilson and Novak presented the dynamic behind relationship quality, joint health behaviors, health problems, health satisfaction, and health similarity between spouses. Finally, Kim, Jang, Park, and Chiriboga focused on couple contexts for acculturation among older Korean immigrants in the U.S., and examined how each spousal acculturation level affects healthcare utilization and difficulties in health service use. Focusing on married couples, this symposium showcases the interplay of family experiences, health behaviors, and relational dynamics of both spouses in shaping their health, and highlights the benefits of dyadic approaches. Speakers and our discussant, Dr. Karen Lyons, will discuss implications for social program design and future research.
Couples' Joint Health Behaviors Predict Better Health and Stronger Resemblance Between Partners
Authors: Wilson Stephanie , Novak Joshua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Satisfying marriages pose benefits and possible risks to health. Indeed, high-quality relationships boost emotional resources and encourage healthy behaviors. However, stress and its adverse health effects also spread more easily in close relationships. To examine the relevance of joint health behaviors for health indicators and partners’ health similarity, 227 couples age 23-84 reported their frequency of co-sleeping, exercising together, and sharing meals; relationship satisfaction; health satisfaction; recent medical visits; and health problems. Happier couples shared more joint health behaviors than unhappier counterparts. In turn, joint health behaviors predicted greater health satisfaction and more similar rates of health problems between partners. In particular, exercising together predicted greater health satisfaction, fewer health problems, and greater health similarity. Controlling for diet, sedentariness, and sleep, findings revealed that joint health behaviors—a characteristic of happy relationships—are linked to not only better health and greater health satisfaction, but also greater health similarity between partners.
Acculturation and Healthcare Utilization Among Older Korean Immigrants: A Dyadic Study of Married Couples
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Jang Yuri , Park Nan Sook , Chiriboga David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research has focused on the socioeconomic/cultural characteristics of individuals to address health disparities among immigrant populations. Dyadic studies of acculturation and healthcare utilization among older immigrants are rare. Using data from 263 older Korean immigrant couples in the U.S. (Mean_age = 74.75 for husbands; 71.03 for wives), this study examined how each spousal acculturation levels (e.g., English proficiency, familiarity with American culture) are associated with healthcare utilization (e.g., usual source of care, medical checkup) and difficulty in using health services, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, husbands showed higher levels of acculturation than their wives, but there was also substantial similarity between spouses (ICC = .58). For healthcare utilization, one’s own acculturation (actor effect) was significant only for wives, but spouse’s acculturation (partner effect) was significant only for husbands. For difficulty in health service use, one’s own acculturation was significant for both spouses, but spouse’s acculturation was significant only for husbands.
Triple Jeopardy? Stress Among Dementia Caregivers Through the Lens of Intersectionality
Authors: Liu Ruotong , Chi Iris 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Despite the benefits to economy and public health, caregivers are negatively affected by caregiving activities. Dementia caregivers, compared to other caregivers, are experiencing higher levels of stress, due to reasons such as the care recipients’ changes in personalities and behaviors. Previous studies have documented differences in caregiver stress across gender and racial/ethnic groups. However, few studies have looked into caregiving differences within both gender and race/ethnicity through an intersectionality framework. This paper seeks to explore what are the differences in caregiving stress across the intersectionality of race and gender. Using Round 5 and Round 7 of NSOC and NHATS data, we examined differences in caregiver stress across and within different gender and racial/ethnic groups in terms of financial, emotional, and physical stress. 1,206 caregivers were included with 61% female, 50% White, and 32% Black caregivers. Logistic regression results indicate that female is less likely to have financial stress, but more likely to experience emotional stress. Compared to White, Black caregivers are worse off financially but better off physically. Both Black and other racial/ethnic caregivers are less likely to have emotional stress. Within the intersectionality framework, compared to White female, Black male are 3.4 times more likely to experience financial stress, all the other groups are 38%-71% less likely to have emotional stress, and Black female are 53% less likely to have physical stress compared to White female. The findings highlighted that in order to develop more effective interventions or policies, unique areas are to be focused for different population subgroups.
Emotion Regulation Training May Improve Stress, Depression, Anxiety, and Physical Activity
Authors: Wierenga Kelly , Fresco David , Alder Megan , Moore Shirley 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this two-arm randomized controlled pilot study was to assess initial efficacy of the theoretically-based RENEwS intervention, designed to improve emotion regulation and thereby decrease depression and anxiety and increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) following a cardiac event. Participants (n=30, 83% men) recruited from cardiac rehabilitation were randomized to five weekly 1-hour sessions of RENEwS intervention or active control. Although this trial was not powered for confirmatory efficacy (p’s &gt; .02, but many greater than .05), RENEwS participants evidenced an advantage over Control participants in terms of reductions in stress (Cohen’s f = .47), depression symptoms (Cohen’s f = .34), anxiety symptoms (Cohen’s f = .40) but only modest improvements in MVPA from baseline to 5 months (Cohen’s f = .08). Findings support potential efficacy and testing RENEwS in a larger sample.
Cognitive Stimulation Therapy Outcomes Across Healthcare and Community Settings for Individuals With Dementia
Authors: Gallamore Randy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is an evidenced-based intervention for individuals with mild to moderate dementia. Originally developed in the U.K., CST has been adapted in several areas of the United States as a meaningful group intervention to help aid in recall and reminiscence for this population. Adaptations of CST have now been developed, including the application of these groups in medical and healthcare settings. However, no study to date has compared memory and mood outcomes of community CST groups to healthcare CST groups. This study will examine the differences in memory, mood and physical mobility scores across both rural and urban settings where CST is used. Two-hundred and sixty-six total participants who have completed all 14 sessions were analyzed, with 150 who participated in a rural hospital and 116 who were in community or university settings. Preliminary data shows that CST is an intervention that can be used effectively in both environments. The results from this study show that improvements in scores were seen in both community (SLUM = +1.75; Cornell = -1.41) and healthcare settings (SLUM = +2.59; Cornell = -2.63). CST might be a meaningful intervention to also help in decrease depression and loneliness in this population. Continued group interventions should be developed in medical and healthcare settings as a resource for patients and family members with dementia-related disorders. There should also be further consideration on the factors that impacted the difference between the two settings.
Housing and Environmental Uncertainty in Constructions of Exclusion Arising From Critical Life-Course Ruptures
Authors: Walsh Kieran , Urbaniak Anna , Carroll Bridin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
There is growing recognition that the older adult life course can involve critical transitions that function as significant sources of adversity, and ruptures in life trajectories. While knowledge about how these ruptures generate multidimensional disadvantage remains underdeveloped, less is known about how they are spatially constituted and how their processes and outcomes may be mediated by older peoples’ relationship with place. Utilizing a ‘sense of home’ as a conceptual orientation, this paper explores the role of place in social exclusion arising from life-course ruptures. Focusing on bereavement, dementia on-set and forced migration, it draws data from 45 life-course interviews. Place (e.g. home environment and the wider community) was involved in three ways: as a component of the rupture; as a life domain where people experience exclusion; and as a mediator of exclusionary processes. Circularity is observed, with perceived environmental uncertainty intensifying effects of rupture-related exclusion, further contributing to that uncertainty.
Examining the Relation Among Subjective Age and Working Memory in Old Age on a High-Frequency Basis Across 7 Days
Authors: Lücke Anna , Siebert Jelena , Schilling Oliver , Gerstorf Denis , Kunzmann Ute , Kornadt Anna , Weiss David , Wahl Hans-Werner 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
While increasing longitudinal evidence suggests that negative age views accelerate cognitive decline and increase dementia risk, we know little about such co-variance dynamics on a daily basis. We make use of subjective age and working memory performance data obtained six times a day over seven consecutive days as people went about their daily routines from 123 young-old (aged 66-69 years, 47.2% women) and 42 old-old (aged 86-90 years, 55.8% women) adults. Notably, multilevel models revealed considerably-sized short-term intra-individual variation of subjective age and working memory within days and these short-term within-day fluctuations in subjective age and working memory were coupled as expected. Hence, increased subjective age went along with lowered working memory confirming previous research. However, the respective between-day associations appeared reversed. Given this evidence of correlated short-term variability, we also discuss implications of different change dynamics that might explain moment-to-moment versus day-to-day associations between subjective age and working memory.
Evaluating Daily Versus Global Stress Appraisals’ Sensitivity to Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Cerino Eric , Scott Stacey , Zhaoyang Ruixue , Lipton Richard , Sliwinski Martin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Stress is an important correlate of cognitive aging that manifests in everyday life. Infrequent trait-based stress measures may not be as sensitive to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as ecological momentary assessments (EMA). We compared EMA to global trait-based stress measures in discriminating MCI. A sample of 248 adults from the Einstein Aging Study (Mage=77.33 years, SD=5.04; 68 with MCI) were prompted to report whether a stressor occurred and to rate the severity up to four times daily for 14 days. Global perceived stress and neuroticism were assessed at baseline. Although MCI status was unrelated to stressor frequency (p&gt;.05), individuals with MCI appraised their daily stressors as more severe than cognitively intact participants (p=.03). No MCI-related differences emerged on global stress or neuroticism assessments (ps&gt;.05). Results suggest everyday stress markers may be more sensitive to differentiating MCI than global assessments and point toward their utility for early identification of pathological declines.
Questionnaire-Based Everyday Reaction Time: Reliable, Valid, and Unobtrusive Measure of Cognition
Authors: Roque Nelson , Sliwinski Martin , Ram Nilam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Experience sampling paradigms provide new opportunity for early identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We investigated two research questions: (1) is time to complete a repeatedly administered survey (i.e., questionnaire-based everyday reaction time, q*bert) a reliable and valid measure of cognition? (2) does this measure distinguish MCI status? To answer these questions, we leveraged ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data from the Einstein Aging Study, where older adults (N=240) completed six daily surveys and cognitive assessments on smartphones over 14 days. Q*bert had good between-person reliability after two days (~11 EMAs) and excellent reliability from three to fourteen days. Q*bert moderately correlated with ambulatory cognitive measures of processing speed and memory binding (p’s &lt; .001) and was significantly slower in those with MCI (p &lt; .001). We propose q*bert as a reliable, valid, and unobtrusive measure of cognition when ambulatory cognitive assessments are not feasible.
Interdiscliplinary Perspectives on Aging at Home Alone With Neurocognitive Impairment
Authors: Girling Laura , Doyle Patrick 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nearly 48 million individuals worldwide have a neurocognitive disorder with projections estimating that as many as 75 million may be afflicted by 2050.Although approximations vary, a substantial portion of those affected live in the community alone, accounting for up to one-third of cases. The true proportion of persons with neurocognitive disorders living alone in the community may be underestimated as dementias are often underdiagnosed and underreported. As the baby boom generation ages and trends towards nuclear families, geographic dispersion of families, and fewer children continue, the number of live-alone persons with neurocognitive impairment is anticipated to rise; creating increased potential for difficult, ambiguous circumstances involving the rights and needs of this population. Despite these trends, available information about this population remains limited. This symposium represents papers from social gerontology, bioethics, and policy; offering unique, but complimentary perspectives on live-alone persons with neurocognitive impairment. The four papers explore 1) how non-traditional & absent support networks impact one’s ability to live alone with dementia [NIA funded], 2) social isolation and vulnerabilities of living alone with dementia [NIA-funded], 3) how bioethics can inform gerontological dementia research [NIA bioethics supplement], and 4) exploration of how law enforcement and adult protective services policies influence the precarity of living alone with dementia. Together, these papers illuminate the importance of actively including live-alone persons with dementia into research and assessing this overlooked vulnerable population from multiple research perspectives (social science, policy, bioethics).
I’m Very Cautious About Who I Let Into My World: Social Vulnerability for People Living Alone With Dementia
Authors: de Medeiros Kate , Girling Laura 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Living alone with Alzheimer’s and related dementias (ADRD) can have many risks including social vulnerability that leads to loneliness. This paper reports findings from 9 people living alone with ADRD who completed in-depth, face-to-face interviews as part of a larger, NIA-sponsored study. Narrative data were analyzed using ATLAS. ti. Thematic findings revealed that although participants received supports (e.g., financial, meal preparation) from others, they lacked opportunities to participate in meaningful engagements with people of their choice (e.g., a friend who lives too far away, a son who is busy). In addition to loneliness resulting from lack of control over their social networks, many also reported that personal changes (e.g., difficulties eating) made them hesitant to seek social engagements. Overall, this paper underscores the need for social programs that extend beyond health-related outcomes and instead speak to subjective wellbeing and social connectivity for this population.
Adult Protective Services and Law Enforcement: Does It Add or Subtract to the Precarity of Living Alone With Dementia?
Authors: Splaine Michael 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In 2014, more than 12.5 million people age 65+ lived alone in the U.S. Of these, approximately one third had a cognitive impairment. Although protective services may identify risks to such individuals, they may not have a full understanding of the notion of precarity, or the looming uncertainty regarding space and place, that solo dwellers experience. This presentation explores the tension between the intentions of protective services and the experience of precarity for persons living alone. More specifically, persons living alone with dementia participating in online groups and community events report feelings of risk of loss of autonomy and rights if their status becomes known. The presenter will review these impressions against current police and adult protective services policies and standard practices.
Using Ethics and Law to Address Sexuality in Long-Term Care
Authors: Teaster Pamela 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Issues concerning the sexuality of older adults in long-term care have long presented an array of thorny conundrums for long-term care staff and administrators, for friends and family members, and, most importantly, for the residents themselves. At any one time, more than two million older adults reside in nursing homes or assisted living facilities, and the predominant trope of people who are helpless, demented, and asexual is at once inaccurate and unfair. Moreover, the important need for sexual intimacy remains a life-long, even when persons have worsening dementia and chronic illness. This presentation uses bona fide, de-identified case examples as a starting point for consideration. Drawing upon the extant literature, as well as best practices, this presentation applies ethical principalism (i.e., autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice) as well as current law to recommend practices and approaches to sexuality in long-term care.
Kinlessness and Social Isolation at the End of Life: Cross-National Comparisons
Authors: Mair Christine , Ornstein Katherine , Chen Feinian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nearly all older adults cross-nationally rely on close family members to facilitate care at the end-of-life, but recent demographic shifts toward declining fertility and marriage rates have yielded an unprecedented increase in older adults who lack traditional family ties (“kinless”). “Kinless” older adults may be at risk for social isolation, lack of caregiving options, and poorer end-of-life outcomes, and these risks may be buffered or exacerbated by social and economic resources as well as country context. Because the potential impact of “kinlessness” on end-of-life outcomes cross-nationally is unknown and virtually unstudied, this symposium composed of overlapping, interdisciplinary research teams investigate if and how “kinlessness” is associated with end-of-life outcomes cross-nationally. Mudrazija and Ornstein analyze a sample of older European adults (SHARE) to predict location of death (e.g., home deaths) by family size, living alone, and size of social network. Plick, Ankuda, and Ornstein examine a sample of older American decedents (HRS) to predict end-of-life outcomes (e.g., hours of care received, location of death). Mair, Ornstein, Aldridge, and Thygesen explore associations between family structure and multiple end-of-life outcomes (e.g., hospitalizations, ICU visits, medical treatment) among the population of decedents aged 50+ from Denmark. Finally, Mair, Ornstein, Calvo, Donoso, and Medina explore family structure, social isolation, loneliness, and end-of-life outcomes among a sample of older adults from 20 countries (Gateway to Global Aging). These papers will be discussed by Feinian Chen, a family sociologist and social demographer who specializes in cross-national comparisons of older adults’ family structures, country context, and health.
Loneliness, Marital Quality, and Vascular Health Among Older U.S. Couples: A Longitudinal Dyadic Study
Authors: Stokes Jeffrey , Barooah Adrita 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Loneliness is a contributor to later life declines in health, including vascular health. Importantly, loneliness is not restricted to those who lack close social ties: More than one-third of married U.S. older adults experience loneliness, and having a lonely spouse increases the likelihood of experiencing loneliness oneself. Thus, over time loneliness in either spouse may lead to worse health for both spouses. Using longitudinal dyadic data from the Health and Retirement Study (2008-2014), we estimated multilevel lagged dependent variable models to examine implications of both partners’ loneliness at baseline for each spouse’s HbA1c four years later. Findings revealed that effects of both partners’ loneliness were contingent upon marital quality: Own and partner’s loneliness led to increases in HbA1c when perceived marital support was low, but this was attenuated at higher levels of marital support. These results extend prior research concerning loneliness and vascular health, and loneliness as a relational experience.