bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction process and method validation for bioactive compounds from Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis: Application of response surface methodology and HPLC–DAD
Authors: Mei Zhenying , Zhang Rongfei , Zhao Zhimin , Zheng Guodong , Xu Xinjun , Yang Depo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCitrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis, a traditional Chinese herb, has extensive medicinal and edible effects. 3′,4′,5,6,7,8-Hexamethoxyflavone (HM) and 5,6,7,8,4′-pentamethoxyflavone (PM) are main bioactive compounds in Chachiensis, which have been reported to possess various biological properties. In this study, supercritical CO2 extraction (SCE) and high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) were utilized to prepare HM and PM from Chachiensis. The contents of target compounds were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography method with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), which was validated using the following parameters: linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, stability, precision and accuracy. The SCE conditions were optimized using response surface methodology with central composite design. Obtained optimum conditions were temperature of 37.9 °C, pressure of 26.3 MPa, and modifier volume of 81.0 mL. Under above conditions, the recoveries of target compounds were 92.52 ± 0.83 and 96.36 ± 0.43%, respectively. The most appropriate solvent system for HSCCC was selected as n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (1:0.8:1:1.2, v/v). The HSCCC fractions were detected by HPLC-DAD, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The results indicated that this method was successfully applied to obtain HM and PM with high purities and high recoveries from Chachiensis.
Application of genetic and K-means algorithms in clustering Babakoohi Anticline joints north of Shiraz, Iran
Authors: Kazemi Hajar , Yazdjerdi Kouros , Asadi Abdolmajid , Mozafari Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe fuzzy clustering technique is one of the ways of organizing data that presents special patterns using algorithms and based on the similarity level of data. In this study, in order to cluster the resulting data from the Babakoohi Anticline joints, located north of Shiraz, K-means and genetic algorithms are applied. The K-means algorithm is one of the clustering algorithms easily implemented and of fast performance; however, sometimes this algorithm is located in the local optimal trap and cannot respond with an optimal answer, due to the sensitivity of this algorithm to the centers of the primary cluster. In addition, it has some basic disadvantages, such as its inappropriateness for complicated forms and also the dependency of the final result upon the primary cluster. Therefore, in order to perform the study more accurately and to obtain more reliable results, the genetic algorithm is used for categorizing the data of joints of the studied area. Applying this algorithm for leaving the local optimal points is an effective way. The results of clustering of the aforementioned data using the two above techniques represent two clusters in the Babakoohi Anticline. Furthermore, for validity and surveying of the results of the suggested techniques, various mathematical and statistical techniques, including ICC, Vw, VMPC, and VPMBF, are applied, which supports the similarity of the obtained results and the data clustering process in two algorithms.
Histologic Heterogeneity of Extirpated Renal Cell Carcinoma Specimens: Implications for Renal Mass Biopsy
Authors: Nahouraii Lauren , Allen Jordan , Merrill Suzanne , Lehman Erik , Kaag Matthew , Raman Jay 
Published: August 2020

Pathologic characteristics of extirpated renal cell carcinoma (RCC) specimens <7 cm were reviewed to get better information on technical nuances of renal mass biopsy (RMB). Specimens were stratified according to tumor stage, nuclear grade, size, histology, presence of lymphovas-cular invasion (LVI), necrosis, and sarcomatoid features. When considering pT1 (0–7 cm) tumors pT1b (4–7 cm), RCC masses were more likely to have necrosis (43% vs 16%, P < 0.001), LVI (6% vs 2%, P = 0.024), high-grade nuclear elements (29% vs 17%, P < 0.001), and sarcomatoid features (2% vs 0%, P = 0.006) compared with pT1a (0–4 cm) tumors. Additionally, pT3a tumors were more highly associated with necrosis (P = 0.005), LVI, sarcomatoid features, and high-grade disease (P for all < 0.001) when compared to pT1 masses. For masses <4 cm, pT3a cancers were more likely to demonstrate necrosis (38% vs 16%, P < 0.001), LVI (10% vs 2%, P = 0.037), high-grade nuclear elements (31% vs 17%, P = 0.05), and sarcomatoid features (3% vs 0%, P = 0.065) compared to pT1a tumors. Similarly, for masses 4–7 cm, pathologic T3a tumors were significantly more likely to have sarcomatoid features (16% vs 2%, P < 0.001) and LVI (28% vs 6%, P < 0.001) compared to pT1b tumors. In summary, pT3a tumors and those RCC masses >4 cm exhibit considerable histologic heterogeneity and may harbor elements that are not easily appreciated with limited renal sampling. Therefore, if RMB is considered for renal masses greater than 4 cm or those that abut sinus fat, a multi-quadrant biopsy approach is necessary to ensure adequate sampling and characterization of the mass.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Adolescent With Classical Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: Clinical Case
Authors: Volgina Svetlana Ya. , Ganieva Ralina R. , Garifullina Zilyara R. , Saifutdinov Rafik G. , Shamsiyeva Eleonora R. , Abdullaeva Diloram T. 
Published: August 2020

Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma is rare disease in pediatrics, it affects mostly male adolescents aged 10–15 years. There are only 10 described cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and familial adenomatous polyposis combination.Clinical Case Description. Patient G., 16 years, visited the pediatrician with complaints on low fever episodes and abdominal pain. The abdominal ultrasound was performed. Non-homogeneous mass was revealed in the left lobe of the liver. Contrast X-ray computer tomography has revealed large pathological mass in the left lobe of the liver (atypical haemangioma? adenoma?). Adenoma phenotype was established in obtained needle biopsy material. The child has undergone the resection of the left lobe of the liver with plastic reconstruction of the left hepatic vein entry. Histological examination of the surgical specimen has confirmed the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Peripheral blood α-fetoprotein levels remained within normal range throughout the follow-up. In past medical history: classical familial adenomatous polyposis in the mother (diagnosis has been established 3 years before the clinical events in the child). The genetic testing of APC gene (Adenomatous Poliposis Coli) was performed after detection of the tumor in the child’s liver. The pathological allele similar to that previously found in the mother has been identified. Conclusion. Timely diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis, risk awareness on combined course of polyposis with various malignant tumors, as well as monitoring of health condition of the child are necessary to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma on its early stages.
Automedicación odontológica en pacientes que acuden al servicio público y privado, Azogues-2018
Authors: Araujo Crespo Gabriela , Crespo Crespo Cristina , Domínguez Crespo Cristina , Vallejo Aguirre Fernando 
Published: August 2020

Introducción: la automedicación es un problema de salud pública, pudiendo generar reacciones adversas, resistencia bacteriana; provocando en el paciente un riesgo mayor, que puede ser evitable, costoso e ineficaz. En odontología el dolor dental es uno de los principales motivos de automedicación, pues la gran mayoría de personas lo manejan a través de la ingesta de fármacos sin prescripción médica, por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la prevalencia en pacientes de establecimientos públicos y privados en el cantón Azogues, Ecuador.
Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, la muestra estuvo conformada por 201 pacientes de ambos sexos, de 17 a 60 años; se aplicó un cuestionario validado.
Resultados: La prevalencia general fue de 75 %, en la entidad privada más prevalente en sexo masculino 60 %, y en la pública femenino 49 %; los AINES fueron los fármacos más usados en ambos sexos; el grupo que más se automedicó fue de 17 a 25 años, prevaleciendo la automedicación con AINES 33 %; la presentación más usada según edad y sexo fueron las tabletas sin relación estadísticamente significativa, y la patología dental asociada a automedicación fue dolor dental.
Resultados y conclusiones: la automedicación odontológica fue practicada por las dos terceras partes de la muestra, hubo mayor prevalencia en sexo femenino y en los grupos de 17 a 25 años, el fármaco más usado fue AINES y la forma más usual las tabletas. La mayoría de los encuestados están conscientes del daño que podría ocasionar la automedicación en la salud.
La lectura matemática como proceso evolutivo del pensamiento
Authors: Gallo-Albarracín Eliseo 
Published: August 2020

Este artículo presenta los resultados del proceso de investigación “Lectura de las matemáticas basado en la teoría cognitiva piagetiana”, investigación adelantada por el grupo de investigación de Tecnologías de Información del programa de Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Bucaramanga, en el 2010. En éste se hace una revisión de cómo los conceptos y las apreciaciones que el estudiante aprende y utiliza en las ciencias matemáticas están cercanas al proceso de evolución del conocimiento que generaliza Piaget. Luego se presenta una reflexión acerca del proceso evolutivo del saber desde el conocimiento matemático, para finalmente llegar a unas conclusiones del tema tratado.
Implementación de Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje como estrategia metodológica para la enseñanza de la lengua inglesa
Authors: León-León Jairo 
Published: August 2020

La investigación “Implementación de ova comoestrategia m etodológica para la enseñanza de la lengua inglesa”, de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Bucaramanga, 2010, se está desarrollando en el Colegio Aurelio Martínez Mutis para el grado sexto de educación básica. Esta investigación se desarrolla con lineamientos de un diseño cuasi-experimental, en la cual se toman dos grupos, uno de control y otro experimental, y en este último se aplica la propuesta, apoyándonos en investigaciones y teóricos referentes al efecto Mozart y al uso de la música en la enseñanza de la lengua inglesa. En la revista No. 26 aparecerán los resultados del proceso investigativo
Los procesos de lectoescritura de los mensajes de texto en redes sociales para la enseñanza de ELE
Authors: Waked-Hernández Myriam 
Published: August 2020

Introducción: este artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación “Implementación del Nivel C1 del Marco Común de Referencia Europea para las Lenguas (2012)”, la cual originó una de las etapas del libro Comunicarse en español: la mejor opción. Este libro se estructuró en varias etapas, la etapa mencionada es: “Comparta sus ideas con la red social”. Metodología: para el logro del objetivo, se llevó a cabo una investigación-acción. El método fue inductivo, pues el uso de diversas lecturas y la escritura de los mensajes de texto permitieron que el extranjero usara las redes sociales con fines académicos. Los ejercicios se aplicaron a un grupo de cuatro estudiantes extranjeros: tres alemanes y una de la China, entre las edades de 18-20 y 23 años, interesados en aprender, mejorar y hablar el español como lengua extranjera (ele). Resultados: se evidenció que los estudiantes extranjeros mejoraron los procesos de lectoescritura; esto se reflejó en el reconocimiento y la contextualización que los aprendientes de ele demostraron en la realización de cada ejercicio de lectura y escritura a través de los mensajes de texto y las intenciones comunicativas que rodean su uso en contextos determinados. Conclusiones: de acuerdo con las indicaciones en los ejercicios del libro Comunicarse en español: la mejor opción en la etapa de “Comparta sus ideas en la red social”, los estudiantes extranjeros, desarrollaron los ejercicios utilizando las redes sociales mediante la lectura y escritura. Esta investigación fue de gran aporte para los aprendientes en cuanto al manejo de la lengua española.
De la retroalimentación al seguimiento en el tercer turno de las secuencias irf: Un desafío para promover la interacción genuina en las clases efl
Authors: Pinzón-Jácome Laura Margarita , Lozano-Jaimes Carlos Augusto , Dueñas-Angulo Laura Cristina 
Published: August 2020

Introducción: en este artículo presentamos un análisis de los patrones de interacción maestro-alumno en las clases de inglés como lengua extranjera (efl por sus siglas en inglés) de una universidad privada colombiana. Metodología: este análisis se realizó durante un estudio de caso cualitativo en el que se efectuaron 36 observaciones de clase. Los datos obtenidos se codificaron y categorizaron con la ayuda del software Nvivo10. Resultados : la interacción maestro-alumno fue el tipo más común de intercambio en el aula, siendo la secuencia de tres pasos,comúnmente conocida como irf por sus siglas en inglés, la forma reinante. En un intercambio irf el maestro (I) inicia la interacción, el estudiante (R) responde y el maestro proporciona (F) retroalimentación (feedback). El tercer paso de los intercambios irf apenas se utilizó de forma escasa para hacer seguimiento a las respuestas de los estudiantes. Adicionalmente, presentamos las implicaciones de utilizar el tercer paso tanto para retroalimentación como para seguimiento. Conclusiones : dado el análisis realizado, los autores concluyen que los profesores deberían utilizar el tercer paso para hacer seguimiento si el objetivo es promover una genuina interacción lingüística y comprometer a los estudiantes en una comunicación significativa
Prevalence of menopausal symptoms and its association with various factors among women in post menopausal age group: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Satapathy Sushree Priyadarsini , Karmee Nivedita , Dash Rabinarayan 
Published: August 2020

Background: Menopause is an important time in women's life and it is a natural event in the process of aging. The onset of menopause heralds a time of diminished estrogen exposure, which may have both acute and chronic effect on health and quality of life.Methods: It was a cross sectional study, conducted for a period of 3months i.e. June to August 2018 among post menopausal women in 8 selected villages with a sample size of 247.Results: The common post- menopausal symptoms were joint and muscular discomfort, bladder problems, symptoms of dryness of vagina, physical and mental exhaustion. Factors like education, occupation, socio-economic status, marital status, parity, mode of delivery, age at menopause and BMI was related to one or more menopausal symptoms. Conclusions: Proper and timely intervention among post menopausal women will help to reduce the symptoms and lead a better quality of life.
Study of malignant tumours of the uterine corpus: histopathology and immunohistochemistry
Authors: A. Zahida O. , Niaz Mohammad , Upadhyaya Krishnaraj 
Published: August 2020

Background: The uterine corpus represents the second most common site for malignancy in the female genital tract. This study was performed to ascertain the profile of malignant tumours of the uterine corpus reported at our centre.Methods: A retrospective analysis of cases retrieved from the archives of the department of pathology from January 2014 to December 2016. Clinical information of the patients was collected from the hospital records. Classification and grading of the tumours were done according to the current WHO classification.Results: Nineteen cases were studied. There were ten cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma, five cases of leiomyosarcoma, three cases of endometrial stromal sarcoma and one case of carcinosarcoma(malignant mixed mullerian tumour). The age range of endometrial adenocarcinoma was 55 to 85 years and presented with post menopausal bleeding, whereas endometrial stromal sarcomas occurred in women above 45 years of age. Leiomyosarcomas had age range from 26 to 65 years. All leiomyosarcomas were clinically diagnosed as fibroid. Majority of endometrial adenocarcinomas were well differentiated endometroid type. Out of the three endometrial stromal sarcomas two were high grade, one with metastasis. All leiomyosarcomas showed mitotic rate above 10/10hpf.Conclusions: Endometrial carcinomas form the majority of malignant tumours of uterine corpus and occur in older age group followed by leiomyosarcomas. Endometrial stromal sarcomas are less common and occur in middle aged and older patients. Leiomyosarcomas and stromal sarcomas are usually misdiagnosed as fibroids clinically unless metastases are present.
Single layer versus double layer intestinal anastomoses: a comparative study
Authors: Kumar Ajit , Kumar Vinod 
Published: August 2020

Background: There are still conflicting views regarding suitability of single layer and double layer anastomotic technique. This prospective single blinded randomized comparative study conducted at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences to assess various aspects viz. safety, efficacy, duration of hospital stays and chances of perforation in single- and double-layer anastomotic surgery.Methods: 26 patients each in single layer and double layer anastomosis group were included in the study. Single layer intestinal anastomosis was carried using extramucosal technique with 2-0 vicryl suture (round body). Double layer anastomosis was carried out using interrupted 3-0 silk lembert sutures for the outer layer and a continuous 2-0 vicryl for the inner layer. End to end colocolic, end to end ileocolic, end to side ileocolic, end to end ileoileal, side to side ileoileal, end to end jejunoileal and end to end jejunojejunal anastomosis were performed. Each group was compared for anastomotic leak, time required to construct the anastomosis, cost incurred, and length of hospital stay.Results: Findings of the study indicated that single layer is economical in comparison to double layer anastomosis and took significant less time to operate. There was no significant difference in hospital stay of the patients in two groups. There was no anastomotic leak in group-S (single layer) while one (3.8%) patient in group-D (double layer) suffered from anastomotic leak.Conclusions: It was concluded that single layer anastomosis method is beneficial and safe as it required less operative time, suturing material and no leak took place after surgery.
Prospective evaluation of early local complications of stoma and their risk factors
Authors: Jana Koustav , Bera Pritin , Mukhopadhyay Arunima , Bhattacharya Ujjwal 
Published: August 2020

Background: Bowel stoma namely ileostomy and colostomy are frequently performed procedure and often associated with complications. Aim of this study was to assess early local complications and association with any risk factors.Methods: A total of 99 patients undergoing ileostomy or colostomy were analysed prospectively over a period 18 months. Comorbidity, preoperative clinical data, operative time, local complications within 12 weeks and hospital stay were documented. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to find out any association.Results: Sixty-four ileostomies and 35 colostomies were analysed in our study. Median age was 55 years in both groups. Nontraumatic bowel perforation (42%) and colorectal malignancy (48.6%) were most common etiology for ileostomy and colostomy formation respectively. 64% of ileostomy and 68% of colostomy had one or more complications. Skin excoriation (31%) was most common complication in ileostomy group and it was stomal prolapse (17%) in colostomy group. Poor stoma care was prevalent in both groups. We found diabetes to have significant association with skin excoriation (p=0.002).Conclusions: Diabetes was identified as significant risk factor for skin excoriation in ileostomy group. Further long term data and larger population are needed for better evaluation of stomal complication and their risk factors.
Mannheim’s peritonitis index a more simpler prognostic index than APACHE II score
Authors: Maran Jyoti S. , Shukla Archana , Parmar Bhupendra Singh 
Published: August 2020

Background: The study was done with the aim to determine the clinical profile of patients with hollow viscous perforation and to compare MPI and APACHE II scoreMethods: This study was a prospective and retrospective observational study conducted in the department of General Surgery, Gandhi Medical College and associated Hamidia Hospital from the June 2017 to August 2019The possible score ranges from 0-47. All necessary preoperative data was recorded. Blood sample was taken and relevant blood investigations were done. Patients were resuscitated with iv fluids. Nasogastric tube and urinary cather insertion were done. The parameters of modified APACHE II score and Manheim’s peritonitis index were recorded at the time of admission. Patients underwent emergency laprotomy and correction of pathology was done.Results: Out of total 100 patients 79% were males, 21% were females, majority 45% belonged to the age group 26-35 years. To calculate the cut off point for mortality ROC curve was constructed. ROC curve analysis predicted that Manheim’s score of 22 or more would predict mortality. Out of total 16 deaths, 14 cases had Manheim’s score of 22 or more thus, giving the score a sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 77.38% and overall accuracy of 79% in our study. ROC also predicted that APACHE II score of 15 or more would predict mortality. Thus, giving APACHE II score a sensitivity of 93.75%, specificity of 100% and accuracy of 99%.Conclusions: We consider MPI to be a more simpler prognostic indicator than APACHE II score.
Urachal fistula in a 22 year male: a case report
Authors: Srivastava Vipul Kumar , Roy Shilpi , Meena Ram Niwas , Khanna Rahul 
Published: August 2020

A patent urachus is one of the spectrums of congenital urachal anomalies. It has been termed as "urachal fistula" when the lumen of intra-embryonic portion of allantois persist abnormally. Persisting urachal fistula is a rare condition mostly diagnosed during childhood or in autopsies. Here we report a very rare case of urachal fistula of a young male. We present a case of 22 years male with intermittent periumbilical pain and sero-purulent discharge from umbilicus since birth. On examination sero-purulent discharging umbilical sinus with granuloma was present. Surgical excision of whole of the urachal fistulous tract was done with repair of bladder. Patient did well during post-operative period. Persisting urachal fistula in adult is rare entity and difficult to diagnose because of low incidence and non-specific symptoms. So a high index of suspicion is required in order to make the early diagnosis of urachal anomalies.