bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vécu et rapport au travail des prestataires d'assistance sociale de longue durée1
Authors: Macé Christian , Daigneault Pierre-Marc , Goyette Martin 
Published: January 2020

Dans un contexte où les politiques d’aide financière de dernier recours visent de plus en plus la réintégration au marché du travail, cette étude qualitative traite de l’expérience des prestataires d’assistance sociale (AS) de longue durée au Québec ainsi que de leur rapport au travail. Les analyses d’entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de 46 prestataires et ex-prestataires ayant effectué une transition vers le travail mettent en lumière les nombreux obstacles à une éventuelle transition vers le travail. Les prestataires accordent généralement une grande valeur au travail fondée sur ses divers avantages psychologiques et financiers. Ces avantages prennent part au processus décisionnel des prestataires par rapport à l’AS et au marché du travail. Le sentiment de sécurité que procure l’AS, combiné aux obstacles administratifs qu’imposent une sortie et une éventuelle réintégration du dispositif d’AS, en cas de nécessité, viennent cependant se placer comme éléments dissuasifs à une sortie de l’AS.
Délégués syndicaux et prise en compte des besoins particuliers des employés : un rendez-vous manqué?
Authors: Gagnon Mélanie , Beaudry Catherine 
Published: January 2020

Cet article s’intéresse au désir d’agir des délégués syndicaux à l’égard des demandes formulées par les travailleurs présentant des besoins particuliers en raison de leur situation personnelle. Il s’interroge, à partir d’une recherche par entretiens réalisée auprès de 33 délégués syndicaux, sur leurs réponses à ces demandes et sur les possibles transformations des pratiques syndicales qu’elles révèlent. Si certains délégués syndicaux embrassent un nouveau rôle qui traduit un enrichissement de la fonction de délégué, d’autres considèrent que ces besoins particuliers relèvent simplement de difficultés personnelles et individuelles. La prise en compte de ces besoins est fonction du couple capacité/désir d’agir du délégué. La possibilité d’une transformation des pratiques syndicales est donc tributaire d’une catégorisation des types de délégué.
Presentación
Authors: Campos Martín Natalia María , Candel Mora Miguel Ángel , Ortega Arjonilla Emilio 
Published: January 2020

Los dieciocho artículos de este monográfico “Educar en traducción y enseñar desde la traducción: estado de la cuestión y evolución diacrónica” reflejan la buena salud de los estudios de traducción y el interés creciente por el estudio de las relaciones entre enseñanza y traducción desde diferentes perspectivas.
Con esta cartografía de la didáctica de la traducción, desde el punto de vista sincrónico y diacrónico, queda patente, por tanto, los diferentes enfoques y la fundamentación teórica de la investigación actual en traducción. Desde orientaciones y metodologías de investigación basados en corpus y el uso de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones para revelar patrones que sirvan de ayuda a tanto docentes como a estudiantes, hasta la revisión de estudios terminológicos, la comparación de traducciones, o el análisis de cuestionarios y entrevistas, esta muestra pone de manifiesto la variedad de metodologías de investigación y la interdisciplinariedad de los estudios de traducción. En lo referente al campo de aplicación, los artículos de este número de Quaderns de Filologia: Estudis Lingüístics abordan diferentes orientaciones didácticas como traducción jurídica, literaria, médica, o especializada en campos como la arquitectura, el turismo, las ciencias o la electrotecnia.
Gold Nanoframeworks with Mesopores for Raman–Photoacoustic Imaging and Photo‐Chemo Tumor Therapy in the Second Near‐Infrared Biowindow
Authors: Wang Jinping , Sun Jingyu , Wang Yuhao , Chou Tsengming , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Beilu , Ren Lei , Wang Hongjun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGold‐based nanostructures with tunable wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) biowindow receive increasing attention in phototheranostics. In view of limited progress on NIR‐II gold nanostructures, a particular liposome template‐guided route is explored to synthesize novel gold nanoframeworks (AuNFs) with large mesopores (≈40 nm) for multimodal imaging along with therapeutic robustness. The synthesized AuNFs exhibit strong absorbance in NIR‐II region, affording their capacity of NIR‐II photothermal therapy (PTT) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging for deep tumors. Functionalization of AuNFs with hyaluronic acid (HA) endows the targeting capacity for CD44‐overexpressed tumor cells while gatekeeping doxorubicin (DOX) loaded into mesopores. Conjugation of Raman reporter 4‐aminothiophenol (4‐ATP) onto AuNFs yields a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) fingerprint for Raman spectroscopy/imaging. In vivo evaluation of HA‐4‐ATP‐AuNFs‐DOX on tumor‐bearing xenografts demonstrates its high efficacy in eradication of solid tumors in NIR‐II under PA–Raman dual image‐guided photo‐chemotherapy. Thus, current AuNFs offer versatile capabilities for phototheranostics.
Reconfiguration, Camouflage, and Color‐Shifting for Bioinspired Adaptive Hydrogel‐Based Millirobots
Authors: Du Xuemin , Cui Huanqing , Xu Tiantian , Huang Chenyang , Wang Yunlong , Zhao Qilong , Xu Yangsheng , Wu Xinyu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNature provides much inspiration for developing soft millirobots. However, compared with smart and adaptations of lives in nature, these robotic systems still suffer from insufficiency of intelligence. Here, a new untethered soft millirobot with magnetic actuation in the head and function in the tail is presented via implementing control, actuation, and sensing directly in the materials, thereby endowing robots with multimodal locomotion and environment‐adaptive functions. Due to the soft and asymmetric structure, the millirobot not only shows robust multimodal locomotion, including controllable and transformable crawling, swinging and rolling, but also achieves an excellent capability of helical propulsion in water. Moreover, the robot also possesses outstanding obstacle‐crossing abilities, including helically propelling over obstacles (>2 body length), crawling within a 2 mm height tunnel and swinging through a 450 µm width channel. Furthermore, the robot can even squeeze its body to crawl through a tube easily via near‐infrared irradiation, which triggers the osmotic shrinking of its body. Notably, the robots also possess extraordinary environment‐adaptive functions, for example, leptocephali‐like optical camouflage in water, octopus‐like controllable delivery and variable appearance via visible color–shifting for interaction with the changing environment. These smart robotic systems would be of benefit in various fields via seamless integration of bioinspired design and smart materials.
Cubic NaSbS2 as an Ionic–Electronic Coupled Semiconductor for Switchable Photovoltaic and Neuromorphic Device Applications
Authors: Harikesh P. C. , Surendran Abhijith , Ghosh Biplab , John Rohit Abraham , Moorthy Arjun , Yantara Natalia , Salim Teddy , Thirumal Krishnamoorthy , Leong Wei Lin , Mhaisalkar Subodh , Mathews Nripan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe recent emergence of lead halide perovskites as ionic–electronic coupled semiconductors motivates the investigation of alternative solution‐processable materials with similar modulatable ionic and electronic transport properties. Here, a novel semiconductor—cubic NaSbS2—for ionic–electronic coupled transport is investigated through a combined theoretical and experimental approach. The material exhibits mixed ionic–electronic conductivity in inert atmosphere and superionic conductivity in humid air. It is shown that post deposition electronic reconfigurability in this material enabled by an electric field induces ionic segregation enabling a switchable photovoltaic effect. Utilizing post‐perturbation of the ionic composition of the material via electrical biasing and persistent photoconductivity, multistate memristive synapses with higher‐order weight modulations are realized for neuromorphic computing, opening up novel applications with such ionic–electronic coupled materials.
Recyclable Perovskite as Heterogeneous Photocatalyst for Aminomethylation of Imidazo‐Fused Heterocycles
Authors: Shi Tao , Sun Kai , Chen Xiao‐Lan , Zhang Zhao‐Xin , Huang Xian‐Qiang , Peng Yu‐Yu , Qu Ling‐Bo , Yu Bing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA sustainable and cost‐effective protocol for direct aminomethylation of imidazo‐fused heterocycles by decarboxylative coupling reaction of N‐phenylglycines with imidazo‐fused heterocycles in the presence of CsPbBr3 under the irradiation of visible light has been developed. This is the first example of CsPbBr3‐catalyzed aminomethylation of imidazo‐fused heterocycles. The eminent advantage of this work is in that, CsPbBr3 is easily prepared and can be used at least 5 times without obvious reduction in its activity, exhibiting high catalyst economic feature.magnified image
Estimating the population size of the Sanje mangabey (Cercocebus sanjei) using acoustic distance sampling
Authors: Paddock Christina Lynette , Bruford Michael William , McCabe Gráinne Michelle 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Sanje mangabey (Cercocebus sanjei) is endemic to the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania, and is classified as Endangered due to its putatively declining population size, habitat degradation and fragmentation. Previous population size estimates have ranged from 1,350 to 3,500 individuals, with the last direct survey being conducted 15 years before the present study. Previous estimates are now thought to have underestimated the population due to a limited knowledge of group and habitat size, nonsystematic approaches and the use of visual methods that are not suitable for surveying the Sanje mangabey with its semi‐terrestrial and elusive behaviors. We used an acoustic survey method with observers recording the distinctive “whoop‐gobble” vocalization produced by mangabeys and point transect distance sampling to model a detection function and estimate abundance. Twenty‐eight surveys were conducted throughout the two forests where Sanje mangabeys are found: Mwanihana forest in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park (n = 13), and the Uzungwa Scarp Nature Reserve (n = 15). Group density was found to be significantly lower in the relatively unprotected Uzungwa Scarp forest (0.15 groups/km2; 95% CI: 0.08–0.27) compared to the well‐protected Mwanihana forest (0.29 groups/km2; 95% CI: 0.19–0.43; p = .03). We estimate that there are 1,712 (95% CI: 1,141–2,567) individuals in Mwanihana and 1,455 (95% CI: 783–2,702) in the Uzungwa Scarp, resulting in a total population size of 3,167 (95% CI: 2,181–4,596) individuals. The difference in group density between sites is likely a result of the differing protection status and levels of enforcement between the forests, suggesting that protection of the Uzungwa Scarp should be increased to encourage recovery of the population, and reduce the threat of degradation and hunting. Our results contribute to the reassessment of the species' IUCN Red List status and informing management and conservation action planning.
Biomimetic Strain‐Stiffening Self‐Assembled Hydrogels
Authors: Wang Yiming , Xu Zhi , Lovrak Matija , le Sage Vincent A. A. , Zhang Kai , Guo Xuhong , Eelkema Rienk , Mendes Eduardo , van Esch Jan H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSupramolecular structures with strain‐stiffening properties are ubiquitous in nature but remain rare in the lab. Herein, we report on strain‐stiffening supramolecular hydrogels that are entirely produced through the self‐assembly of synthetic molecular gelators. The involved gelators self‐assemble into semi‐flexible fibers, which thereby crosslink into hydrogels. Interestingly, these hydrogels are capable of stiffening in response to applied stress, resembling biological intermediate filaments system. Furthermore, strain‐stiffening hydrogel networks embedded with liposomes are constructed through orthogonal self‐assembly of gelators and phospholipids, mimicking biological tissues in both architecture and mechanical properties. This work furthers the development of biomimetic soft materials with mechanical responsiveness and presents potentially enticing applications in diverse fields, such as tissue engineering, artificial life, and strain sensors.
Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes
Authors: Leitch Jamie A. , Rogova Tatiana , Duarte Fernanda , Dixon Darren J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe construction of diverse sp3‐rich skeletal ring systems is of importance to drug discovery programmes and natural product synthesis. Herein, we report the photocatalytic construction of 2,7‐diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes (bridged 1,3‐diazepanes) via a reductive diversion of the Minisci reaction. The fused tricyclic product is proposed to form via radical addition to the C4 position of 4‐substituted quinoline substrates, with subsequent Hantzsch ester‐promoted reduction to a dihydropyridine intermediate which undergoes in situ two‐electron ring closure to form the bridged diazepane architecture. A wide scope of N‐arylimine and quinoline derivatives was demonstrated and good efficiency was observed in the construction of sterically congested all‐carbon quaternary centers. Computational and experimental mechanistic studies provided insights into the reaction mechanism and observed regioselectivity/diastereoselectivity.
1,3‐Difunctionalizations of [1.1.1]Propellane via 1,2‐Metallate Rearrangements of Boronate Complexes
Authors: Yu Songjie , Jing Changcheng , Noble Adam , Aggarwal Varinder K. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract1,3‐Disubstituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanes (BCPs) are valuable bioisosteres of para‐substituted aromatic rings. The most direct route to these structures is via multicomponent ring‐opening reactions of [1.1.1]propellane. However, challenges associated with these transformations mean that difunctionalized BCPs are more commonly prepared by multistep reaction sequences with BCP‐halide intermediates. Herein, we report three‐ and four‐component 1,3‐difunctionalizations of [1.1.1]propellane with organometallic reagents, organoboronic esters, and a variety of electrophiles. This process is achieved by trapping intermediate BCP‐metal species with boronic esters to form boronate complexes, which are versatile intermediates whose electrophile‐induced 1,2‐metallate rearrangement chemistry enables a broad range of C−C bond‐forming reactions.
Supramolecular Tuning Enables Selective Oxygen Reduction Catalyzed by Cobalt Porphyrins for Direct Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Smith Peter T. , Kim Younghoon , Benke Bahiru Punja , Kim Kimoon , Chang Christopher J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe report a supramolecular strategy for promoting the selective reduction of O2 for direct electrosynthesis of H2O2. We utilized cobalt tetraphenylporphyrin (Co‐TPP), an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst with highly variable product selectivity, as a building block to assemble the permanently porous supramolecular cage Co‐PB‐1(6) bearing six Co‐TPP subunits connected through twenty‐four imine bonds. Reduction of these imine linkers to amines yields the more flexible cage Co‐rPB‐1(6). Both Co‐PB‐1(6) and Co‐rPB‐1(6) cages produce 90–100 % H2O2 from electrochemical ORR catalysis in neutral pH water, whereas the Co‐TPP monomer gives a 50 % mixture of H2O2 and H2O. Bimolecular pathways have been implicated in facilitating H2O formation, therefore, we attribute this high H2O2 selectivity to site isolation of the discrete molecular units in each supramolecule. The ability to control reaction selectivity in supramolecular structures beyond traditional host–guest interactions offers new opportunities for designing such architectures for a broader range of catalytic applications.
Formaldehyde‐free resin impregnated paper reinforced with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC): Formulation and property analysis
Authors: Zhu Wenkai , Ji Meixiu , Chen Fengqing , Wang Zhe , Chen Wei , Xue Yuanyuan , Zhang Yang 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe formaldehyde‐free resin impregnated paper is expected to be applied to interior decoration materials and furniture. This is not only conducive to the development of indoor environment toward green and environmental protection, but also beneficial to people's health. In this work, the formaldehyde‐free resin (waterborne polyurethane and waterborne acrylic acid) mixed with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) were separately coated on a raw decorative paper by a dipping method to obtain formaldehyde‐free impregnated paper with outstanding surface bound strength and abrasion resistance. The surface bound strength and abrasion resistance were tested by means of universal ability test machine and abrasion tester. The results showed that waterborne polyurethane and waterborne acrylic acid enhanced by CNC had excellent dispersion, and the bonding properties of formaldehyde‐free impregnated paper were improved by 41.3 and 33.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, the abrasion resistance of formaldehyde‐free impregnated paper was improved by the crystal effect of CNC. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48931.
Light Absorption Properties and Electronic Band Structures of Lead‐Vanadium Oxyhalide Apatites Pb5(VO4)3X (X=F, Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Nakamura Masashi , Oqmhula Kenji , Utimula Keishu , Eguchi Miharu , Oka Kengo , Hongo Kenta , Maezono Ryo , Maeda Kazuhiko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Pb‐V oxyhalide apatite compounds Pb5(VO4)3X (X=F, Cl, Br, I) were successfully synthesized using a facile solution method and studied with respect to their structural/optical characteristics and electronic band structures. UV‐visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, electrochemical analysis and first‐principles calculations showed that the synthesized apatites behaved as n‐type semiconductors, with absorption bands in the UV‐visible region that could be assigned to electron transitions from the valence band to a conduction band formed by hybridized V 3d and Pb 6p orbitals. Among the apatites examined, Pb5(VO4)3I had the smallest band gap of 2.7 eV, due to an obvious contribution of I 5p orbitals to the valence band maximum. Based on its visible light absorption capability, Pb5(VO4)3I generated a continuous anodic photocurrent under visible light (λ>420 nm) in a solution of 0.1 m NaI in acetonitrile.
Intense green‐, red‐emitting Tb3+, Tb3+/Bi3+‐doped and Sm3+, Sm3+/La3+‐doped Ca2Al2SiO7 phosphors
Authors: Pawade V.B. , Kohale R.L. , Ovhal D.A. , Dhoble N.S. , Dhoble S.J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper focuses on an optical study of a Tb3+/Bi3+‐doped and Sm3+/La3+‐ doped Ca2Al2SiO7 phosphor synthesized using combustion methods. Here, Ca2Al2SiO7:Sm3+ showed a red emission band under visible light excitation but, when it co‐doped with La3+ ions, the emission intensity was further enhanced. Ca2Al2SiO7:Tb3+ shows the characteristic green emission band under near‐ultraviolet light excitation wavelengths, co‐doping with Bi3+ ions produced enhanced photoluminescence intensity with better colour tunable properties. The phosphor exhibited better phase purity and crystallinity, confirmed by X‐ray diffraction. Binding energies of Ca(2p), Al(2p), Si(2p), O(1s) were studied using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The reported phosphor may be a promising visible light excited red phosphor for light‐emitting diodes and energy conversion devices.
Retracted: Emodin relieved lipopolysaccharide‐evoked inflammatory damage in WI‐38 cells by up‐regulating taurine up‐regulated gene 1
Authors: Zang Linlin , Song Yongqing , Yu Fengying , Liu Xiuxia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal pneumonia (NP) has a high fatality rate in neonatal illness. This research investigated the functions of emodin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐evoked inflammatory injury in WI‐38 cells.MethodsCell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay and flow cytometry were utilized for examining the impacts of LPS and emodin on viability and apoptosis, respectively. Taurine up‐regulated gene 1 (TUG1) level was altered through cell transfection and investigated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Moreover, RT‐qPCR, western blot and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were utilized for investigating expressions of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and interleukin (IL)‐6. Western blot was carried out for investigating the levels of Bcl‐2, Bax, pro‐Caspase‐3, cleaved‐Caspase‐3 and NF‐κB and p38MAPK pathway‐related proteins.ResultsLPS treatment restrained cell viability, enhanced apoptosis, and expressions of inflammation‐related IL‐6 and MCP‐1. Emodin alleviated LPS‐evoked inflammatory injury and restrained the NF‐κB and p38MAPK pathways. Furthermore, emodin positively regulated TUG1 expression and TUG1 silencing could reverse the efficacy of emodin on IL‐6 and MCP‐1 expressions. Finally, TUG1 regulates the expression of inflammatory factors through NF‐κB and p38MAPK pathways.ConclusionEmodin alleviated LPS‐evoked inflammatory injury by raising TUG1 expression via NF‐κB and p38MAPK pathways in WI‐38 cells.
Systematic review of reporting benefits and harms of surgical interventions in randomized clinical trials
Authors: Stubenrouch F E , Cohen E S , Bossuyt P M M , Koelemay M J W , van der Vet P C R , Ubbink D T 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Standardized reporting methods facilitate comparisons between studies. Reporting of data on benefits and harms of treatments in surgical RCTs should support clinical decision-making. Correct and complete reporting of the outcomes of clinical trials is mandatory to appreciate available evidence and to inform patients properly before asking informed consent.

Methods
RCTs published between January 2005 and January 2017 in 15 leading journals comparing a surgical treatment with any other treatment were reviewed systematically. The CONSORT checklist, including the extension for harms, was used to appraise the publications. Beneficial and harmful treatment outcomes, their definitions and their precision measures were extracted.

Results
Of 1200 RCTs screened, 88 trials were included. For the differences in effect size of beneficial outcomes, 68 per cent of the trials reported a P value only but not a 95 per cent confidence interval. For harmful effects, this was 67 per cent. Only five of the 88 trials (6 per cent) reported a number needed to treat, and no study a number needed to harm. Only 61 per cent of the trials reported on both the beneficial and harmful outcomes of the intervention studied in the same paper.

Conclusion
Despite CONSORT guidelines, current reporting of benefits and harms in surgical trials does not facilitate clear communication of treatment outcomes with patients. Researchers, reviewers and journal editors should ensure proper reporting of treatment benefits and harms in trials.