bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the mechanisms responsible for anomalies in the tropical lower thermosphere/ionosphere caused by the January 2009 sudden stratospheric warming
Authors: Klimenko Maxim V. , Klimenko Vladimir V. , Bessarab Fedor S. , Sukhodolov Timofei V. , Vasilev Pavel A. , Karpov Ivan V. , Korenkov Yurij N. , Zakharenkova Irina E. , Funke Bernd , Rozanov Eugene V. 
Published: October 2019

We apply the Entire Atmosphere GLobal (EAGLE) model to investigate the upper atmosphere response to the January 2009 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event. The model successfully reproduces neutral temperature and total electron content (TEC) observations. Using both model and observational data, we identify a cooling in the tropical lower thermosphere caused by the SSW. This cooling affects the zonal electric field close to the equator, leading to an enhanced vertical plasma drift. We demonstrate that along with a SSW-related wind disturbance, which is the main source to form a dynamo electric field in the ionosphere, perturbations of the ionospheric conductivity also make a significant contribution to the formation of the electric field response to SSW. The post-sunset TEC enhancement and pre-sunrise electron content reduction are revealed as a response to the 2009 SSW. We show that at post-sunset hours the SSW affects low-latitude TEC via a disturbance of the meridional electric field. We also show that the phase change of the semidiurnal migrating solar tide (SW2) in the neutral wind caused by the 2009 SSW at the altitude of the dynamo electric field generation has a crucial importance for the SW2 phase change in the zonal electric field. Such changes lead to the appearance of anomalous diurnal variability of the equatorial electromagnetic plasma drift and subsequent low-latitudinal TEC disturbances in agreement with available observations.Plain Language Summary– Entire Atmosphere GLobal model (EAGLE) interactively calculates the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and plasmasphere–ionosphere system states and their response to various natural and anthropogenic forcing. In this paper, we study the upper atmosphere response to the major sudden stratospheric warming that occurred in January 2009. Our results agree well with the observed evolution of the neutral temperature in the upper atmosphere and with low-latitude ionospheric disturbances over America. For the first time, we identify an SSW-related cooling in the tropical lower thermosphere that, in turn, could provide additional information for understanding the mechanisms for the generation of electric field disturbances observed at low latitudes. We show that the SSW-related vertical electromagnetic drift due to electric field disturbances is a key mechanism for interpretation of an observed anomalous diurnal development of the equatorial ionization anomaly during the 2009 SSW event. We demonstrate that the link between thermospheric winds and the ionospheric dynamo electric field during the SSW is attained through the modulation of the semidiurnal migrating solar tide.
Analyse des Informationsgehalts von Merkmalseinschätzungen
und Beurteilungsdaten
Authors: Röttele Nicole , Wirtz Markus Antonius 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungIn rehabilitationswissenschaftlichen Anwendungsgebieten werden wichtige
Entscheidungen aufgrund von Beurteilungen und Einschätzungen durch
z. B. Rehabilitanden, Therapeuten oder Peer-Reviewer getroffen.
Beurteilungen desselben Sachverhalts (z. B. Qualität von
Kommunikationsprozessen, Versorgungsqualität) variieren jedoch
sowohl systematisch als auch zufallsbedingt: Merkmalseinschätzungen
können z. B. davon abhängen, wer (einzelner
Beurteiler) aus welcher Perspektive (z. B. Behandler- vs.
Rehabilitandenperspektive) in welcher Situation zu welchem Messzeitpunkt
welchen konkreten Aspekt beurteilt. In diesem Sinne spiegeln sich mehrere
systematische Teilkomponenten in Beurteilungsdaten wider. Mittels der
Generalisierbarkeitstheorie können sich überlagernde
Informationskomponenten getrennt und hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutsamkeit
für die Beurteilungsergebnisse identifiziert werden. Hierdurch
entsteht zum einen ein differenziertes Bild, welche Informationsanteile
für die angemessene Interpretation von Beurteilungsdaten
berücksichtigt werden müssen (Generalisierbarkeitsaspekt).
Zum anderen kann begründet werden, wie Beurteilungssituationen
gestalten werden sollten, damit die interessierenden Teilinformationen
zuverlässig bestimmt werden können (Entscheidungsaspekt). In
diesem Beitrag wird für typische Anwendungen in den
Rehabilitationswissenschaften gezeigt, wie die Generalisierbarkeitstheorie
zum besseren Verständnis und zur Optimierung von Beurteilungsdaten
genutzt werden kann.
Blow-up and global solubility in the classical sense of the Cauchy problem for a formally hyperbolic equation with a non-coercive source
Authors: Korpusov M. O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We consider an abstract Cauchy problem with non-linear operator coefficients and prove the existence of a unique non-extendable classical solution. Under certain sufficient close-to-necessary conditions, we obtain finite-time blow-up conditions and upper and lower bounds for the blow-up time. Moreover, under certain sufficient close-to-necessary conditions, we obtain a result on the existence of a global-in-time solution independently of the size of the initial functions.
Force‐velocity profile changes with forearm wearable resistance during standing start sprinting
Authors: Macadam Paul , Mishra Megna , Feser Erin H. , Uthoff Aaron M. , Cronin John B. , Zois James , Nagahara Ryu , Tinwala Farhan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHorizontal force‐velocity (F‐V) profiling is a strategy to assess athletes’ individual performance capabilities during sprinting. This study investigated the acute changes in F‐V profiles during sprinting of fourteen collegiate male sprinters with a mean 100‐m sprint time of 11.40 ± 0.39 s, from a split‐stance starting position. The subjects sprinted 30‐m with, and without, wearable resistance (WR) equivalent to 2% body mass, attached to their forearms. Sprinting time at 5, 10, 20, and 30‐m was assessed using laser technology. External horizontal F‐V relationships were calculated via velocity‐time signals. Maximal theoretical velocity (V 0), theoretical relative and absolute horizontal force (F 0), and horizontal power (P max) were determined from the F‐V relationship. Paired t‐tests were used to determine statistical differences (p ≤ 0.05) in variables across conditions with Cohen's d as effect sizes (ES) calculated to assess practical changes. Sprint times at 10‐m and beyond were significantly increased (1.9–3.3%, p 0.01–0.03, ES 0.46–0.60) with WR compared to unloaded sprinting. The only significant change in F‐V with the WR condition was found in relative P max system (−6.1%, p 0.01, ES 0.66). A small decrease was reported in V 0 (−1.0%, p 0.11, ES 0.27), with small to medium ES decreases reported in F 0 (−4.8% to −6.1%, p 0.07–0.21, ES 0.25‐0.51) and P max (−4.3% to −4.6%, p 0.06–0.08, ES 0.32–0.45). The greater changes to F 0 and P max suggest that forearm WR may be a possible training tool for athletes who wish to focus on force and power adaptation during sprint acceleration from a standing start.
Tensor force effect on the exotic structure of neutron-rich Ca isotopes *
Authors: Wang Yan-Zhao , Su Xue-Dou , Qi Chong , Gu Jian-Zhong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The structure of neutron-rich Ca isotopes is studied in the spherical Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (SHFB) approach with SLy5, SLy5+T, and 36 sets of TIJ parametrizations. The calculated results are compared with the available experimental data for the average binding energies, two-neutron separation energies and charge radii. It is found that the SLy5+T, T31, and T32 parametrizations reproduce best the experimental properties, especially the neutron shell effects at N = 20, 28 and 32, and the recently measured two-neutron separation energy of 56Ca. The calculations with the SLy5+T and T31 parametrizations are extended to isotopes near the neutron drip line. The neutron giant halo structure in the very neutron-rich Ca isotopes is not seen with these two interactions. However, depleted neutron central densities are found in these nuclei. By analyzing the neutron mean-potential, the reason for the bubble-like structure formation is given.
Potential Use of Banana Peels Waste at Different Ripening Stages for Sheep Feeding on Chemical, Tannin, and In Vitro Assessments
Authors: Ramdani D , Hernaman I , Nurmeidiansyah A A , Heryadi D , Nurachma S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the potential use of banana peels waste for sheep feeding. Completely randomized design was used to compare the chemical, phenol, and tannin compositions between raw and ripened banana peels from 4 different varieties (Ambon, Muli, Nangka, Kapas). Moreover, a 2x4 factorial design was used to test the main effects of ripening stages (raw, ripened) and doses (10, 20, 30, 40%) of Ambon banana peels on in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility (DMD and OMD, %), ammonia (NH3, mM), volatile fatty acids (VFA, mM), pH, and total gas production (TGP, ml). Raw banana peels contained less (P<0.05) dry matter (DM, %) and total digestible nutrients (TDN, %) but it contained higher (P<0.05) crude fiber (CF, %) and gross energy (GE, kcal/kg) compared with ripened banana peels. Raw and ripened banana peels contained considerable amount of total phenols (TP, %) and total tannins (TT, %) although being not different (P>0.05). Based on in vitro assessments, raw Ambon banana peels had lower (P<0.001) DMD, OMD, and VFA but higher NH3 (P<0,001) than ripened ones. Adding Ambon banana peels from 10 to 40% replacing roughage in the diet increased (P<0.001) DMD, OMD, and VFA but decreased (P<0,001) NH3. Both raw and ripened Banana peels have the potential for sheep feeding based on their chemical and in vitro assessments.
The Development of Rural Poultry Farming Program to Kampong Chicken Farmers of Treman Village North Sulawesi
Authors: Surtijono S , Tinangon R , Leke J R , Sompie F N , Poli Z , Siahaan R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The purpose of research was to empower the members of rural poultry farming to increase productivity of kampong chicken. The development of Science, Technology and Arts (IPTEKS) for society in Treman Village aimed to increase nutrient for society, to help them to build rural poultry industry belongs to community, and to supply kampong chicken to “Damar Merah and El’Shadai” farmer’s groups of Treman Village. The materials were kampong chicken supplied by kampong chicken breeder in Treman Village. The research method used is survey method, with the respondents amounted to 20 farmes determined by purposive sampling ie farmers belonging to the group, the development of science and technology for the region. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis. The result show that increasing of skill and competence of “Damar Merah and El’Shadai” farmer’s groups after granting new hatching machine and Day Old Chick. Both of groups can accept new application in modern poultry farming management through modern breeding system. The development of rural poultry farming program to kampong chicken farmers of Treman Village, North Sulawesi can increase knowledge, skill, and income of the kampong chicken farmers.
Effect of Sucrose on in vitro Bud Multiplication of Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior)
Authors: Chaidir L , Hasani S , Diana A , Subandi M , Wicaksana N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith) is plant material that can be used as a medicine, food, cosmetics, and bio-pesticides. The existence of torch ginger in nature is becoming more limited due to the utilization of health care services mainly as a medicine continues to increase. In conventionally, plant propagation of torch ginger is derived from a rhizome, but seedlings produced tend to have the level of low proliferation and susceptible to infections of soil pathogens. This research aimed to know the influence of sucrose and BAP concentration on bud growth of torch ginger in in vitro. The research was conducted in the Tissue Culture Laboratory Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Research method used was a descriptive design with experiment treatments i.e. sucrose (20 g/L, 40 g/L, and 60 g/L) and BAP (0 mg/L and 1 mg/L). The result showed that the use of sucrose 40 g/L + BAP 1 mg/L gave the best response to the shoot growth on 6 WAI and capable to produce green shoots on 8 WAI.
Inheritance Pattern of Capsaicin Content of Indonesian Chili Landraces (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Rostini N , Fitry Yenny R , Hersanti  , Anas  , Amien S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Capsaicin is a compound that produces a spicy taste in chili. Inheritance of capsaicin is valuable information for breeders to determine the selection methods and when the selection will be conducted. The objective of this experiment is to observe the inheritance pattern of the capsaicin content of Indonesian chili landraces. The experiment was conducted at Ciparanje Experimental Station of Universitas Padjadjaran. One hundred sixty-seven F2 plants were analyzed for capsaicin content in the laboratory. The results showed the distribution of capsaicin content was continuous using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test. Many genes might control capsaicin content in Indonesia chili landrace. The capsaicin content of the male parent was 4,565 ppm, and the female parent was 8,540 ppm. The capsaicin content among F2 plants ranged from 621 ppm to 14,348 ppm. The average of capsaicin content in the F2 population was 4,814 ppm. The capsaicin content of some F2 progenies showed higher than their male parents. However, some F2 progenies showed also low capsaicin content compared with their female parent. Segregation transgressive of capsaicin content occurred in F2 generation.
Coastal Conservation for Ecotourism Activity in Kiluan Island Coast Lampung Province
Authors: Akbar A , Prihadi D J , Dhahiyat Y , Pamungkas W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Kiluan island located in the waters area of the Kiluan bay, Kiluan Negeri Village, Tanggamus District, Lampung Province. Ecotourism is a development of tourism concept which based on nature conservation, and because of its magnificent natural potential and its beautiful scene, Kiluan Island coast has become a popular ecotourism spot. However, the conservation management never been better. The purposes of this research is to identify any Potentials, and every important aspects for Kiluan island coast’s conservation and ecotourism spot development. This research used survey methods, which is water quality measurements, and questionnaire. The condition of Kiluan island’s water qualities are still accordant with the standard of Indonesian constitutions specified by the Ministry of Environment Number 51 of 2004, section 1 about Sea Water Quality Standard for Marine Tourism, with the result that the water is very suitable to be used as marine ecotourism spot. Tourist perception about the condition of the Kiluan island coast are very good, that 67% scores good for the flora and fauna ecosystem, 73% scores very good for the potentials of natural tourism, 73% scores very good for the Natural Scenery, 63% scores good for the water activities enjoyment, and 53% scores very good for beach recreation tours.
Study of Water Balance in Arjasari Agricultural Land (A case study of Intercropping System of Corn and Chilies)
Authors: Furqan G F , Suryadi E , S Dwiratna NP 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Development of food crops is not only addressed to a momentary increase in production but also attention to the aspect of land conservation in order for the system of production can be sustainable. Intercropping system is one way of managing agricultural land which can minimize the risk in the utilization of dry land for the development of food crops. The availability of water on dry land are generally affected by rainfall and the ability of the soil to retain water. The potential water resources available in the ground is indispensable in agricultural hydrology and water management in the framework of developing food crops. This study aims to determine the moisture content of the soil and water balance of the land in the region of Arjasari, Bandung Regency. The methods used in this research is a descriptive analysis. The research was carried out from March until November 2015. The results of this study showed that the moisture content of the soil in the study ranged from 314.2 mm/m up to 472 mm/m with the moisture content of the soil which can be utilized by the plant a maximum of 185 mm/m.
Utilize Open Space of Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Plantation at Immature Stages for Growing Maize (Zea Mays L.) which is Applied Biofertilizer
Authors: Suherman V Z C , Nuraini A , Yuditri R E , Batu L , Soleh M A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Land optimizing in oil palm plantation could be conducted by adopting polyculture cropping system of maize grown under oil palm trees during immature stage (IS) due to wider plant distance. The maize growth depends on genetic and environmental condition such as soil fertility, in fact oil palm plantation is often located in marginal area which is lack of fertility like Inceptisol soil type in Jatinangor, so that it needs supply of biofertilizer to improve soil fertility. This study was to get interaction effect between biofertilizer application and kind of maize varieties that is giving best effect on growth and yield of maize under polyculture system of immature oil palm trees. The experiment was conducted from November 2017 to February 2018. The experimental design was using split plot which was biofertilizer as a main plot and biofertilizer application as a subplot. The result showed all varieties of maize gave significant effect on plant height, leaves number, and cob size. Independently, maize variety of DR6 gave the best effect on plant height at 4 and 6 WAP (weeks after planting), DR1 gave the best effect on leaves number at 4, 6, 8 WAP, and DR5 gave the best effect on cob size.
The presence of honey bees in intensive pesticides use area: Case study in Pangalengan and Majalengka
Authors: Carsono N , Sari S , Saragih Y , Amalia I S , Purdianty A , Hidayat Y , Johannis M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Pesticide action can leave a residue in plant, including in the nectar and pollen of the flowers. Besides residues, sprays of pesticides could also make unintended possible effect to honey bee and other pollinators. Pollinators have a great impact on plant productivity, so it was important to keep the pollinators in healthy and in high diversity for sustainable of environment, food, and economy. The research was aimed to obtain valuable information regarding on pesticide use in both locations. The survey was divided into two steps. First, we did a preliminary survey to determine representative locations of study, and then followed by the second step, it was in-depth interview of pesticide use directly with 61- and 51 respondents in Pangalengan and Majalengka, respectively. Ninety six pesticide trademarks were applied by farmers in Pangalengan, meanwhile, 83 trademarks were in Majalengka with the variable bioactive compound. Neonicotinoids as bioactive of some pesticides were found only in one farmer from Pangalengan who used Alika (pesticide brand name). Besides, there were 13 active ingredients of fungicides, 15 insecticides, one herbicide, and one molluscicide found in Pangalengan. In Majalengka, there were 9 active ingredients of fungicides, 19 insecticides, and one molluscide. They usually applied herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides at least twice a week during crop cultivation. Although some farmers may be aware of pesticide hazards, adequate protection is hardly taken to minimize the risks. Sixty percent of farmers mentioned the presence of honeybees on their land. Farmers’ knowledge in the use of pesticides is appropriate and safe for both the health of pollinators and farmers when applying pesticides in the field.
Quality Protein, Viscosity, Gel Strength and Structural Morphology of Sheepskin Gelatin Catalyzed HCl With Different Concentrations
Authors: Hasdar M , Rahmawati Y D , Erwanto Y , Rusman  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sheep skin has a high content of collagen and can be an alternative to gelatin making. Utilization of gelatin increasingly widespread so that it becomes life style. gelatin is often used for food or non-food. This study aims to determine the effect of HCl concentration on the quality of sheepskin gelatin. Sheep skin obtained from slaughterhouses in Brebes district. Parameters in this study were yield, protein, viscosity, gel strength and gelatin morphological structure. Different HCl concentrations (0.5%, 1% and 1.5%) are used to catalyze collagen from sheepskin. Hydrolysis of sheep skin collagen was performed for 4 hours with temperature 55-66oC. The results showed no significant effect on quality of protein and yield but significant effect on viscosity and gel strength. The observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) show a very fine morphological structure of gelatin produced with 1% and 1.5% HCl catheters. Gelatin catalyzed with HCl 1% and HCl 1.5% was appropriate standard GMIA.
Study on the Roles and Benefits of Cooperative Producers of Coffee Margamulya in Java Preanger Coffee Agribusiness
Authors: Djuwendah E , Karyani T , Sadeli A H , Hapsari H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cooperative Producers of Coffee Margamulya (CPCM) is one of the cooperatives that help coffee farmers in Pangalengan to access capital and market with other parties. This research aims are : (1) to identify the performance of Coffee Producers Cooperative Margamulya, and (2) to identify the role and impact of cooperative in agribusiness java preager coffee. The research design used is qualitative descriptive with case study method. The research result showed that Margamulya Coffee Producers Cooperative had an important role in the development of Java Preanger coffee farming in terms of procurement of production input, facilitation of production process, product marketing, financial service, business risk minimization, and human resource development. The impact of cooperative’s activities on the success of coffee farming are: ensuring the continuous input supply with cheaper price, standardization and improvement of product quality, increasing production volume, establishing effective distribution network, providing price guarantee, reducing the risk of production failure, and increasing the income of farming.