bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological and Molecular Characterization of Active Fungi in Pesticides Contaminated Soils for Degradation of Glyphosate
Authors: Njoku Kelechi L. , Eludini Peter O. , Adesuyi Adeola A. , Ude Emea O. , Oyelami Ayodeji O. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pesticide contamination is a substantial problem in controlling agricultural pests. Understanding the physiological and molecular characteristics of naturally occurring fungi in the pesticide contaminated environment is crucial to managing glyphosate contamination. The study was aimed at isolating and characterizing soil fungi for their physiological roles towards glyphosate degradation. Pure cultures of fungi were isolated from soil contaminated with glyphosate at farms in Lagos, Nigeria. The cultures were grown on minimal salt agar media amended with glyphosate. The best isolates exhibiting good tolerance to the glyphosate were characterized using molecular techniques. The BLAST search indicated that the fungi belong to four Aspergillus species (Aspergillus flavus strain JN-YG-3-5, Aspergillus niger strain APBSDSF96, Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052 and Aspergillus flavus strain APBSWTPF130, Trichoderma gamsii and Penicillium simplicissimum. The biodegradation study of the glyphosate by the selected fungi species showed the presence of Aminomethylphosphonic Acid (AMPA) except for Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052. This validates AMPA as a valid pathway for degradation of glyphosate by fungi. Annotation analysis of the partial gene sequence shows that the strains possess protein coding gene clusters for glyphosate utilization and other physiological activities. A comparative genome analysis revealed that the genomes of the fungi were highly similar with genomes of environmental samples especially to Clostridium perfringens The GhostKOALA output confirmed that CYP2W1 gene (Cytochrome P450, fungi type) was present in Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052 which was absent in genome of other fungi. The physiological and molecular characteristics of Aspergillus fumigatus strain FJAT-31052 clearly show that this isolate is a useful organism for managing contamination by glyphosate pesticide. Consequently, the isolated microorganism strains can be used in other soils as microbial inoculants for bio-augmentation combining them for their probable ability to degrade pesticides along with their biotechnological applications like enzyme-based remediation.
Prediction of curve flattening time for COVID-19 infected countries using trends from recovered countries
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a serious pandemic situation which the world is going through since the beginning of the year 2020. Given this, the infected countries are constantly increasing their lockdown period and therefore, experiencing an adverse impact on their socio-economic structure. With these motivations, this paper is an attempt to estimate the time that a country would take more to recover from COVID-19 situation. In this work, for curve fitting, the polynomial model has been used deliberately for easier interpretation of the technique. The methodology captures the characteristic trends of the already flattened curves from recovered countries and utilizes them to estimate the curve flattening time for the infected countries. The approach requires only the minimum set of data, i.e., the number of infected persons per day for a given country.
Assessment of mitochondrial genomes for heterobranch gastropod phylogenetics
Authors: Varney Rebecca M , Brenzinger Bastian , Malaquias Manuel António E. , Meyer Christopher P. , Schrödl Michael , Kocot Kevin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
● Background: Heterobranchia is a diverse clade of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial gastropod molluscs. It includes such disparate taxa as nudibranchs, sea hares, bubble snails, pulmonate land snails and slugs, and a number of (mostly small-bodied) poorly known snails and slugs collectively referred to as the “lower heterobranchs.” Evolutionary relationships within Heterobranchia have been challenging to resolve and the group has been subject to frequent and significant taxonomic revision. Mitochondrial (mt) genomes can be a useful molecular marker for phylogenetics but, to date, sequences have been available for only a relatively small subset of Heterobranchia.● Results: To assess the utility of mitochondrial genomes for resolving evolutionary relationships within this clade, eleven new mt genomes were sequenced including representatives of several groups of “lower heterobranchs.” Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated matrices of the thirteen protein coding genes found weak support for most higher-level relationships even after several taxa with extremely high rates of evolution were excluded. Bayesian inference analysis with the CAT + GTR model resulted in a reconstruction that is much more consistent with the current understanding of heterobranch phylogeny than maximum likelihood analyses using site-homogeneous models. Interestingly, dramatic gene rearrangements were detected within and between multiple clades. However, a single gene order is conserved across the majority of heterobranch clades.● Conclusions: Mitochondrial genomes provide support for shallow nodes within Heterobranchia, but despite a relatively conserved gene order and recovery of a topology largely consistent with the current understanding of heterobranch phylogeny, mitochondrial genomes appear to be too variable to serve as good phylogenetic markers for resolving deeper splits within this clade.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Firms: A survey in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: ZOU PENG , Huo Di , Li Meng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all sectors of the economy and society. To understand the impact of the pandemic on firms in China and suggest responding public policies, we investigated firms in Guangdong Province (a Province with the highest Gross Domestic Product in China). Methods: The survey sample included 524 firms in 15 cities in Guangdong Province. We chose these firms from list published by the government, considering the industrial characteristics of Guangdong province and firm size. The questionnaire comprised of four categories and included 17 questions was developed based on previous studies carried out by OECD. The executives of firms were contacted by phone or WeChat, and were invited to answer self-administered questionnaires through an on-line survey platform. The data was analyzed by SPSS.Results: The following findings are worth to be noticed: (1) 48.7% of firms maintained stability, and 35.1% of the firms experienced a halt in operation or faced closure; (2) Nearly 70%-90% of the firms are or are willing to transform to online marketing, remote office work, and digital operations. (3) 46% of firms believe that there will be a certain loss this year, and 83.5% expected a decreasing trend of the city's GDP growth.Conclusions: firms in Guangdong Province have faced great challenges in the epidemic. The firms’ production and operation activities are limited, and risks are faced. It is necessary to effectively implement supporting policies to profoundly lower production costs for firms, and help firms survive the difficult period, and even gradually transit to normal business operation status.
The effect of NPM1 silencing on the tumorigenesis of drug-resistant bladder cancer and related signaling pathway
Authors: Luo Chenshuo , Lei Ting , Zhao Man , Meng Qian , Man Zhang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: NPM1 can provide abundant information of bladder cancer changes, but the effect of NPM1 differential expression on tumor and tumor related molecular mechanism has not been elucidated.Methods: NPM1 silencing cell line was established by lentivirus. The tumorigenic ability was judged by wound-healing assay, transwell invasion assay and nude mice tumorigenicity assay. The proteome of NPM1 deficient bladder cancer cell line was analyzed by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The results of mass spectrometry are comprehensively analyzed by bioinformatics analysis for tumor related molecules. The signal pathways involved in tumor related molecules will be verified by KEGG and UniProt databases.Results: Compared with the corresponding negative control group, NPM1 silencing cell line T24/DDP Lv-NPM1 showed strong migration ability and high invasive ability. There was no significant difference in migration ability and the invasive cells proportion between NPM1 overexpressing cell line and related negative control group. The tumorigenesis in nude mice also showed that NPM1 silencing tumor had larger tumor volume. Among all differential proteins analyzed by mass spectrometry, 20 proteins with signal transduction activity showed the most significant difference (Fold change > 1.5). 6 of them were associated with NF-κB signaling pathway, which may play an important role in the development of tumor.Conclusions: The loss of NPM1 may indicate the poor outcome of bladder cancer. Abnormal expression of NF-κB signaling pathway is an important factor in the progression of bladder cancer. Monitoring NPM1 expression can effectively adjust the treatment strategy of bladder cancer.
Challenges encountered with the use of mobile phones to deliver public health services in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana- A qualitative study
Authors: Hammond Alex Ebo , Abor Patience Aseweh , Abuosi Aaron Asibi , Adzei Francis Anderson 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The adoption and application of medical technologies is one of the six health system building blocks of the World Health Organization that ensures access and quality of health services for which the mobile phone is identified as a potential tool due to its general adoption and use by people, including healthcare providers. In spite of this there are some challenges that restrict the opportunities that the mobile phone technology could offer for delivery of public health services. This study explored the challenges encountered in the use of the mobile phone to deliver public health services in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.
Methods

Qualitative research approach was employed in the study and data analysis done conducted with the use of NVIVO version 11 software package to facilitate thematic analysis of data.
Results

The key findings of the challenges encountered by healthcare providers in the provision of public health services comprised Management and leadership, Finance, Access, Infrastructure, Technical and Human resources.
Conclusions

The implication of this study is that despite the high adoption of the mobile phone by healthcare providers, there were also key challenges constraining the uptake of mHealth for public health services. A new analytical framework was developed to aid analysis of mHealth Challenges.
Clinical Practice and Post-Operative Rehabilitation After Knee Arthroscopy: Comparison Between Polish Experts and Non-Experts.
Authors: Bąkowski Paweł , Bąkowska-Żywicka Kamilla , Piontek Tomasz 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical practices between polish expert and non-expert arthroscopy knee surgeons.Methods: 205 registered orthopedic surgeons took part in surveys. The survey included 35 questions regarding general arthroscopy and postoperative management, including physician’s level of expertise, arthroscopy anesthesia, postoperative treatment, rehabilitation and procedures performed. Comparisons were made between knee arthroscopy experts (> 100 arthroscopies performed per year) and non-experts (≤ 100 cases) on aspects of patient care.Results: The most important finding of this study is an agreement in almost all aspects of knee arthroscopy approach. A consensus between polish surgeons was noticed in choosing regional anesthesia for knee arthroscopy, no need for knee braces nor knee medications, using LMW heparin as thromboprophylaxis, 1-2 days hospitalization, recommendation of rehabilitation and magnetic resonance as a diagnostic test for meniscus damage. Surgical expertise was significantly associated with the performance of meniscus sewing procedures (p = 0.009). Experts recommended starting rehabilitation already on the day of surgery (p=0.007) and more likely used objective physical tests (p=0.003). Nonexpert surgeons recommended longer period from meniscus suture to a full range knee motion (p=0.001) and admitted that patient’s age does matter for meniscus repair qualification (0.002).Conclusions: Clinical practice varies among orthopeadists performing knee arthroscopy procedures, based on their level of expertise. Polish knee arthroscopy experts agreed with non-experts in the type of anesthesia during knee arthroscopy and numerous aspects of postoperative treatment. Surgical expertise was associated with the performance of advanced meniscus suturing techniques.
N/OFQ modulates orofacial pain induced by tooth movement through CGRP-dependent pathways
Authors: Yan Xinyu , Han Han , Zhang Shizhen , Lu Yanzhu , Ren Linghuan , Tang Yufei , Li Xiaolong , Wang Yan , Long Hu , Lai Wenli 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) has been revealed to play bidirectional roles in orofacial pain modulation. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a well-known pro-nociceptive molecule that participates in the modulation of orofacial pain. We aimed to determine the effects of N/OFQ on the modulation of orofacial pain and on the release of CGRP.Methods: Orofacial pain model was established by ligating springs between incisors and molars in rats for the simulation of tooth movement. The expression level of N/OFQ was determined and pain level scored in response to orofacial pain. Both agonist and antagonist of N/OFQ receptor were administered to examine their effects on pain and the expression of CGRP in trigeminal ganglia (TG). Moreover, gene therapy based on the overexpression of N/OFQ was delivered to validate the modulatory role of N/OFQ on pain and CGRP expression.Results: Tooth movement elicited orofacial pain and an elevation in N/OFQ expression. N/OFQ exacerbated orofacial pain and upregulated CGRP expression in TG, while UFP-101 alleviated pain and downregulated CGRP expression. N/OFQ-based gene therapy was successful in overexpressing N/OFQ in TG, which resulted in pain exacerbation and elevation of CGRP expression in TG.Conclusions: N/OFQ exacerbated orofacial pain possibly through upregulating CGRP.
A base-line study of the wear of burs used for chairside milling of ceramic crowns of different hardness: effect on internal fit and surface roughness
Authors: Ahmed Ayman Abd Alla 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In the CAD/CAM environment, wear of the milling burs may affect the accuracy of the milled crown. However, no studies have related bur wear to both the resultant internal fit of the crown or to the surface roughness. The aim of this study was to study this, using diamond burs and a feldspathic ceramic (Sirona Blocs C, Dentsply Sirona, Germany) and tungsten carbide burs and Zirconia (inCoris TZI puck, Dentsply Sirona, Germany).Methods: Thirty of each of the two materials were milled from the same standard preparation. One set of diamond burs was used for the feldspathic ceramic and one set of tungsten-carbide burs for the Zirconia. Before and after the 10th, 20th and 30th milling times, diamond particle loss was counted and cutting blade changes of the tungsten-carbide burs measured. Internal fit was measured using a silicone replica technique and surface roughness with a 3D measuring laser microscope.Results: Increasing wear of the diamond burs as measured by an average 26% loss of diamond particles after 30 crowns, which resulted in a 6% decrease in internal luting space and a 16% increase in surface roughness. Increasing wear of the tungsten-carbide burs resulted in a 13% decrease in the luting space, but there was an overall 16% increase in surface roughness. Conclusions: This is the first study to compare the wear of diamond and tungsten-carbide milling burs with the internal fit and surface roughness of the crown. The wear of milling burs affects the luting space, reducing it as the burs wear, and therefore the milling parameters must be adjusted to compensate for this.
Sustainable support solutions for Community-Based Rehabilitation Workers in refugee camps: Piloting telehealth acceptability and implementation
Authors: Mitchell-Gillespie Bria , Hashim Hiba , Griffin Megan , AlHeresh Rawan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The lack of training and education of Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) workers poses one of the most significant barriers to receiving effective occupational, physical and speech therapy for individuals with disabilities in Low-to-Middle Income Countries (LMIC), especially in countries with significant refugee populations. The aim of this study was to successfully implement a telehealth support system for CBR workers, evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention’s implementation among CBR workers in the CBR setting, and further identify strategies to address the deficit of skilled rehabilitation workers in LMIC through technological intervention.
Methods
This pilot study included CBR workers and CBR managers to inform feasibility, acceptability, and sustainable implementation. The RE-AIM and Dynamic Sustainability Framework were incorporated to guide procedural design, survey development, data collection, data evaluation, and increase success of telehealth implementation. CBR workers participate in trainings, telehealth sessions, surveys and focus groups to inform feasibility and acceptability. CBR Managers participated in focus groups to inform feasibility and sustainable implementation. NVIVO 12 Software was utilized to develop themes from CBR worker and CBR manager responses.
Results
Findings from this study demonstrate the need for additional training support for CBR workers in CBR settings throughout the entire treatment process. The telehealth system demonstrated successful short-term implementation across several domains of feasibility. Telehealth utilization was also proven acceptable, appropriate and necessary. Cultural beliefs, CBR worker training, and CBR Center infrastructure pose the most significant barriers to implementation of telehealth technologies in CBR Centers. CBR workers and managers confirmed the demand for future telehealth-based support systems, strengthening effort towards sustainability and scale-up.
Conclusions
Telehealth can be utilized to support CBR workers that serve vulnerable and marginalized populations, and in turn improve the global health status among refugee populations by reducing inequitable access to quality health care. The results support the need for further research to rigorously evaluate effectiveness of telehealth interventions to support CBR workers.
Regional Differences in Postnatal Care Service Utilisation and Child Morbidity in Nigeria: Evidence from 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)
Authors: Uzobo Endurance , Ayinmoro Aboluwaji D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction:

Modern Postnatal Care Services (PNC) in Nigeria is vital tool for providing quality health for mothers and newborns. Nonetheless, many regions in Nigeria are still struggling to achieve optimum utilisation of modern PNC services due to variation in associated socioeconomic factors of mothers based on their regions. This study aims at assessing regional socioeconomic factors associated with PNC services utilisation and its relationship with child morbidity in Nigeria.
Methods

Data for this study was extracted from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2018 birth recoded file dataset, with a sample size of 30713 women (aged 15–49). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-Square Test and logistic regression. The main predictor variable was the region, while others included the type of PNC service utilised and various demographic variables of the respondents – age, education, type of residence, religion, ethnicity among others.
Results

The average age of the respondents was 29.5 ± 6.8. The use of modern PNC services ranged from South-West (20.3%), South-South (10.9%), South-East (23.0%), North-Central (22.0%), North-East (13.0%) to North-West (10.9%). The prevalence of child morbidity ranged from South-West (8.5%), South-South (9.8%), South-East (11.4%), North-Central (15.3%), North-East (26.3%) to North-West (28.7%). Child morbidity is significantly higher in the South-South (OR = 1.46), South-East (OR = 1.50), North-Central (OR = 1.13), North-East (OR = 2.31) and North-West (OR = 1.35) compared to the South-West.
Conclusion

Majority of women in Nigeria are not using modern PNC services. Regional variations in the use of PNC services and socio-demographic characteristics of mothers influence child morbidity in Nigeria. There is need for regional-specific context sensitisation for mothers in the use of modern PNC services.
The effect of timing of breast cancer surgery during the menstrual cycle phase on the axillary lymph node, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and c-erb B2
Authors: Specialist Berrin Papila Kundaktepe , Durmus Sinem , Papila Cigdem , Velidedeoglu Mehmet , Gelisgen Remise , Uzun H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positivity and c-erbB2 gene expression levels are important in determining breast cancer (BC) development and aggression. Although the importance of hormonal factors in tumor cell proliferation, migration and differentiation is increasing, it needs more evidence. The effect of BC surgery timing during the menstrual cycle on prognosis remains controversial. In order to clarify this hypothesis, we aimed to determine the importance of adjusting the timing of surgery according to the menstrual cycle by examining the relationship between ER, PR, c-erbB2 gene and the menstrual cycle phase in patients with premenopausal BC.﻿Method: Our study was designed retrospectively. 50 patients with premenopausal BC who were operated were included in the study.Results: Our results showed that the patients in the luteal phase had higher ER positivity, PR positivity and c-erbB2 negativity, and the number of metastatic axillary lymph nodes was lower than the patients in follicular phase. ﻿Conclusion: BC surgery during the luteal phase in pre-menopausal women is associated with a better clinical outcome. Although larger-scale studies are needed, our results suggest that better results can be achieved by performing surgery in luteal phase in BC patients during premenopausal period.