bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peptidomic and proteomic analysis of stool for diagnosing IBD and deciphering disease pathogenesis
Authors: Basso Daniela , Padoan Andrea , D’Incà Renata , Arrigoni Giorgio , Scapellato Maria Luisa , Contran Nicole , Franchin Cinzia , Lorenzon Greta , Mescoli Claudia , Moz Stefania , Bozzato Dania , Rugge Massimo , Plebani Mario 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
The sensitivities and specificities of C-reactive protein (CRP) and faecal calprotectin (fCal), as recommended for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) diagnosis and monitoring, are low. Our aim was to discover new stool protein/peptide biomarkers for diagnosing IBD.

Methods
For peptides, MALDI-TOF/MS (m/z 1000–4000) was performed using stools from an exploratory (34 controls; 72 Crohn’s disease [CD], 56 ulcerative colitis [UC]) and a validation (28 controls, 27 CD, 15 UC) cohort. For proteins, LTQ-Orbitrap XL MS analysis (6 controls, 5 CD, 5 UC) was performed.

Results
MALDI-TOF/MS spectra of IBD patients had numerous features, unlike controls. Overall, 426 features (67 control-associated, 359 IBD-associated) were identified. Spectra were classified as control or IBD (absence or presence of IBD-associated features). In the exploratory cohort, the sensitivity and specificity of this classification algorithm were 81% and 97%, respectively. Blind analysis of the validation cohort confirmed 97% specificity, with a lower sensitivity (55%) paralleling active disease frequency. Following binary logistic regression analysis, IBD was independently correlated with MALDI-TOF/MS spectra (p < 0.0001), outperforming fCal measurements (p = 0.029). The IBD-correlated m/z 1810.8 feature was a fragment of APC2, homologous with APC, over-expressed by infiltrating cells lining the surface in UC or the muscularis-mucosae in CD (assessed by immunohistochemistry). IBD-associated over-expressed proteins included immunoglobulins and neutrophil proteins, while those under-expressed comprised proteins of the nucleic acid assembly or those (OLFM4, ENPP7) related to cancer risk.

Conclusions
Our study provides evidence for the clinical utility of a novel proteomic method for diagnosing IBD and insight on the pathogenic role of APC. Moreover, the newly described IBD-associated proteins might become tools for cancer risk assessment in IBD patients.
Effects of endurance exercise on serum concentration of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): a potential link between exercise intensity and headache
Authors: Tarperi Cantor , Sanchis-Gomar Fabian , Montagnana Martina , Danese Elisa , Salvagno Gian Luca , Gelati Matteo , Skroce Kristina , Schena Federico , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a powerful neuropeptide that is strongly involved in headache pain pathogenesis by triggering vasodilation, mast cell degranulation and neurogenic inflammation. This evidence has prompted us to investigate the acute influence of endurance exercise on CGRP concentration in blood.

Methods
The study population consisted of 48 male amateur runners, who ran a half-marathon distance at 75%–85% of maximal oxygen uptake. Blood was drawn before the run (pre-run) and immediately after each runner ended his trial (post-run). The serum concentration of CGRP was measured with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.

Results
Overall, 22/48 subjects (45.8%) reported suffering from headache, three of whom (6.2%) had an exertional headache, whilst 26/48 (54.2%) subjects did not report at least one headache episode during the previous 6 months (i.e. headache-free). All 48 athletes successfully covered the 21.1 km distance. Serum concentration of CGRP significantly increased by 1.5-fold in the entire group, as well as in the headache-positive and headache-free cohorts. Univariate Spearman’s correlation revealed that post-run variation of serum CGRP was significantly and inversely associated with running time (r = −0.30; p = 0.036).

Conclusions
The serum concentration of CGRP is significantly enhanced by medium-distance endurance exercise and the post-exercise increase is dependent on running intensity. Accordingly, high-exercise intensity might be directly related to triggering both exertional headache and/or migraine episodes.
The shift of the paradigm between ageing and diseases
Authors: Salvatore Francesco 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the area of the Medical Sciences, the chronological age has always been, and still is, an indicator by which we try to understand the health status of an individual. However, besides considering people born with an already expressed disease, each human genome has sequence alterations called predisposing mutations; carriers of such genetic alterations have an increased risk of contracting diseases during their life. In addition, the exposome, i.e. the totality of environmentalnoxae(“hits”) to which our body is exposed throughout life (through ingestion, breathing, body surface hits, and psychosociological stress agents, etc.) contributes to increase gradually but inexorably the frailty of an organism, and this process is usually referred to as “physiological ageing”. This position paper proposes that we invert our visual angle and view the passage-of-time not as the cause of diseases, but consider the genome alterations present at birth and thenoxaereceived during our life as the real major causes of ageing. The Biomedical Sciences are now increasingly unraveling the etiopathogenesis of most chronic degenerative diseases; thus, it will be possible to monitor and treat those that most contribute to the increased frailty of each person, which is now referred to with the misnomer “physiological ageing”. These concepts are not banal; indeed, they imply that we must try to avoid the causes of alterations that result later in chronic degenerative diseases. Thus, we should shift our attention from the cure to the prevention of alterations/diseases also to improve both the length and quality of our life. Moreover, this approach involves real personalized or individualized medicine, thus conferring a more direct benefit to each of us by finalizing either the cure or the monitoring of diseases.
Comparison of throat swabs and sputum specimens for viral nucleic acid detection in 52 cases of novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19)
Authors: Lin Chenyao , Xiang Jie , Yan Mingzhe , Li Hongze , Huang Shuang , Shen Changxin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objectives
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pneumonia (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, China. Laboratory-based diagnostic tests utilized real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on throat samples. This study evaluated the diagnostic value to analyzing throat and sputum samples in order to improve accuracy and detection efficiency.

Methods
Paired specimens of throat swabs and sputum were obtained from 54 cases, and RNA was extracted and tested for 2019-nCoV (equated with SARS-CoV-2) by the RT-PCR assay.

Results
The positive rates of 2019-nCoV from sputum specimens and throat swabs were 76.9% and 44.2%, respectively. Sputum specimens showed a significantly higher positive rate than throat swabs in detecting viral nucleic acid using the RT-PCR assay (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
The detection rates of 2019-nCoV from sputum specimens were significantly higher than those from throat swabs. We suggest that sputum would benefit for the detection of 2019-nCoV in patients who produce sputum. The results can facilitate the selection of specimens and increase the accuracy of diagnosis.
Optimalisasi Kebijakan Pemerintah dalam penanganan Covid-19 terhadap Masyarakat Indonesia
Authors: Juaningsih Imas Novita , Consuello Yoshua , Tarmidzi Ahmad , NurIrfan Dzakwan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHealth insurance to the community has been manifested in the constitution of the Indonesian state. With this guarantee, the Indonesian people can have the same rights before the law for the welfare of their people. In responding to the existence of the COVID-19 pandemic that has surrounded the world, one of them is Indonesia. Besides, the problem that occurs due to COVID-19 is that the coordination between the central and regional levels is not optimal which results in the spread of the COVID-19 virus in Indonesia. The foundation of the theory that I use is the theory of justice and the welfare state. Then the method used is juridical normative namely the method with the positivist legist approach with the law approach and comparative approach. So the need for policies that the government can provide so that COVID-19 can be resolved optimally.Keyword: COVID-19, Government Policy, Justice Abstrak Jaminan kesehatan terhadap masyarakat telah termanifestasikan dalam konstitusi negara Indonesia. Dengan adanya jaminan tersebut, maka masyarakat Indonesia dapat memiliki hak yang sama dimata hukum untuk tujuan mesejahterakan rakyatnya. Dalam menyikapi adanya pandemic Covid-19 yang telah mengelilingi dunia bahkan salah satunya adalah Indonesia. Disamping itu, problematika yang terjadi akibat adanya Covid-19 yaitu kurang optimal kordinasi antar pusat dan daerah yang berdampak semakin tersebarnya virus Covid-19 di Indonesia. Landasan teori yang penulis gunakan yaitu teori keadilaan dan walfare state. Kemudian metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif yakni metode dengan pendekatan legis positivis dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan komparasi (comparation apporoach). Maka perlu adanya kebijakan yang dapat pemerintah berikan agar Covid-19 dapat terselesaikan dengan optimal.Kata Kunci: Covid- 19, Kebijakan Pemerintah, Keadilan
Performative Ethnographies of Migration and Intercultural Collaboration in <i>Arrival Cities: Hanoi</i>
Authors: Nguyễn Thủy Thanh , Östersjö Stefan 
Published: April 2020

This video article explores the embodied experience of migration by revisiting the process of making Arrival Cities: Hanoi. This piece of experimental music theatre sought a new format for politically informed theatre that would be responsive to the challenges of a globalized society. It is built on ethnographic fieldwork carried out by the Vietnamese/Swedish group The Six Tones, in collaboration with director Jörgen Dahlqvist and the composer Kent Olofsson.The role of this ethnographic process was manifold. It was a means of a political engagement, which also created images that could be shared and transformed in the performance. In Arrival Cities: Hanoi, the stage was set so that the three performers could play their instruments, perform choreography, and tell stories. A central aim was to make the individual memories of the performers a cornerstone of the dramaturgy. We are interested in how memory is embodied and how performative ethnography can constitute a method for an ethically and artistically grounded practice, within which we also emphasize the role of empathy and the sharing of individual life stories.In this video article, we give particular attention to the choreographies that were recorded and created as part of this process. Intercultural music and theatre operate in a liminal space between traditions, where aesthetic choices are difficult to negotiate. Without trust and empathy, these negotiations cannot reach beyond the surface. In Arrival Cities: Hanoi, composer, director, and performers were all engaged in such learning processes, and the music as performed can be seen as the embodiment of a particular narrative, grounded in an intercultural collaboration. Editor's Note: The acknowledgements section was missing from the original submission. It has been added to the transcript on 20/04/2020.
Performances techniques et économiques en élevage biologique d’ovins viande : observations en réseaux d’élevage et fermes expérimentales
Authors: BENOIT M. , LAIGNEL G. 
Published: April 2020

Au sein d’un réseau de 42 fermes ovines (13 en Agriculture Biologique - AB) les marges par brebis en montagne sont inférieures de 24% en AB du fait de coûts alimentaires très élevés, et sont comparables en plaine où les niveaux d’autonomie fourragère sont potentiellement supérieurs compte tenu de la possibilité de renouveler plus facilement les prairies et d’augmenter la part du pâturage dans la ration des animaux ; par ailleurs, la culture des céréales peut permettre d’augmenter l’autonomie alimentaire et de limiter la dépendance des élevages vis-à-vis de l’extérieur. En montagne, les cohérences de systèmes sont plus difficiles à définir et les itinéraires techniques adaptés relativement «pointus». L’analyse de 4 fermes de démonstration de ces régions montre que, face à des contextes variés, des stratégies de conduite d’élevage spécifiques diffèrent selon la présence de terres labourables ou non. Si leur proportion est limitée, les mises bas sont réparties également entre le printemps et l’automne afin de maximiser l’autonomie fourragère tout en optimisant la productivité numérique et diversifiant les périodes de vente. Lorsque des cultures sont possibles, les mises bas sont centrées sur l’automne, avec une bonne valorisation des agneaux. Dans un contexte de fort renchérissement du prix des concentrés, en élevage allaitant bio mais aussi conventionnel, de hauts niveaux d’autonomie fourragère et/ou alimentaire sont incontournables pour assurer la viabilité économique.
Nutritional Characteristics and Quality of Eggs from Laying Hens Fed on a Dried Papaya Peel Meal Diet
Authors: Leke Jein Rinny , Sompie Florencia Nery , Wantasen Erwin , Tallei Trina Ekawati 
Published: April 2020

The objectives of this study were to analyze the eggs nutritional characterics and quality from laying hens fed with diried papaya (Carica papaya L) peel meal diets. A total 200 brown laying hens strain MB 402 (42 week-old). The design used in this study was a The objectives of this study were to analyze the eggs’ nutritional characteristics and quality from laying hens fed with dried papaya (Carica papaya L) peel meal diets. A total of 200 brown laying hens strain MB 402 (42 week-old) were used in this experiment. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications (10 hens each). The treatments consisted of dried papaya peel meal (DPPM) 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12%. Total feeding trial was 8 weeks. The parameters recorded included egg weight (g/bird)), egg yolk weight (g/bird), yolk index (%), albumen index (%), egg yolk color, egg cholesterol (mg/100g), egg crude protein (%), egg crude fat (%), egg white crude protein (%), egg yellow fat (%), eggshell calcium (%), eggshell phosphorus (%), blood cholesterol (mg/dl), blood LDL cholesterol (mg/dl), and blood HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) of the laying hens. The results showed that feeding birds with 12 % increased egg yolk weight, egg yolk color, egg crude fat, egg yellow fat, egg cholesterol, egg shell calcium, egg shell phosphor, blood cholesterol, blood HDL. Moreover there were no significant differences in egg weight, yolk index , albumen index, egg crude protein, egg white crude protein and blood LDL. In Conclusion, DPPM diets can be fed to the laying hens up to 12 % to produce eggs without negative effects on the egg quality.ransomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications (10 hens each). The treatments made use of dried papaya peel meal (DPPM) 0%, 3%, 6 %, 9 % and 12 %. Total feeding trial was 8 weeks . The parameters recorded included egg weight (g/bird), egg yolk weight (g/bird), yolk index (%), albumen index(%), egg yolk calor, egg cholesterol (mg/100g), egg crude protein (%), egg crude fat (%), egg white crude protein (%), egg yellow fat (%), eggshell calsium (%), eggshell phosphorus (%), blood cholesterol (mg/dl), blood LDL Cholesterol (mg/dl), and blood HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) of the laying hens, The results showed that feeding dried papaya peal meal in cinclusion 12 % increased egg yolk weight, egg yolk color, egg crude fat, egg yellow fat, egg cholesterol, egg shell calsium, egg shell prosphor, blood cholesterol, blood HDL. Moreover there were no significant diffirence in egg weight, yolk index, albumen index, egg crude protein, egg white crude protein and blood LDL. In conclusion DPPM diets can be fed to the laying hens up to 12 % to produce eggs without negative effects on the egg quality.
The Use of “Fermeherbafit” (Mixed Herbs) in Broiler Chicken Feed on Performance and Cholesterol profile
Authors: Hartoyo Bambang , Iriyanti Ning , Rimbawanto Efka Aris 
Published: April 2020

This research was aimed to imporve of broiler chiken performance and reduce the blood, meat and liver cholesterol levels. This research used 100 female broilers MB 200 Platinum DOC which were reared for 5 weeks at battery-postal cages. The treatments were R0= control/ 0% fermeherbafit; R1= used 2% fermeherbafit; R2= used 4% fermeherbafit; R3= used 6% fermeherbafit. The experimental design was carried out using a complete randomized design. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the use fermeherbafit did not showed any significant differences (P>0.05) in feed consumption, absolute growth, relative growth and carcas percentage. However, it showed significant differences (P<0.05) in blood and breast meat cholesterols. The average for Performance (feed consumption by 3268.775±293.421 g/bird; absolute growth by 1684.92±126.12; relative growth by 0.3682±0.0019; carcas percentage by 74.61± 1.12%). Blood cholesterol 89.20+12.76 mg/dl (R3) up to 111.80+17.02 mg/dl (R0); Breast meat cholesterol 150.03+11.64 mg/g (R3) up to 174.88+8.53 mg/g (R0); Leg meat cholesterol 173.00+7.21 (R1) up to 152.15+17.83 mg/g (R3); Liver cholesterol 83.37+31.01 mg/g (R0) up to 102.75+1.68 mg/g (R3). Conclusion of this research was that the Fermeherbafit could be used in broiler feed up to 6% which could reduce blood and breast meat cholesterols.
Hematology Profiles and Performance of Broiler Chickens Fed on Commercial Feed
Authors: Sufiriyanto Sufiriyanto , Iriyanti Ning , Susanti Emmy 
Published: April 2020

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of commercial feed on hematological and carcass profiles of broiler chickens. A total of 1800 day old chick (DOC) broilers were administered in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) furthered by Duncan test. The treatments consisted of Feed A, B, C, D, E, and F. The observed variables included hematology profiles (erythrocyte, hemoglobin, leukocyte, heterophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte) and performance (live weight, carcass percentage, breast, thigh, wings, shank, and head). The result showed that feed treatment did not significantly affect (P>0,05) hematology profiles and performance of broiler chickens, but significantly affected live weight (P<0,05). Conclusively, different types of commercial feed did not render physiological effect to DOC and safe for feeding until 35 days old to increase the live weight of broiler chickens.
TREM2-Positive Lipid-Associated Macrophages (LAMs) Control White Adipose Tissue Remodeling and Metabolic Adaptation in Obesity
Authors: Worthmann Anna , Heeren Joerg 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) depots are populated with a large range of immune cells under both normal and obese conditions. During the progression of obesity, these immune cells increase in total abundance and in particular macrophage subpopulations change dramatically. However, origin, characteristics, and functions of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity are poorly understood. In a recent publication, Jaitin et al. develop an immune cell atlas of obese fat and identify a subclass of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2)-positive, so called lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) which are critical determinants of adipose tissue homeostasis.
The Al-Abiadh Valley Drainage Basin Environmental Aspects Extraction Using Quantitatively Morphometric Analyses of Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission Data
Authors: Et al. Jawad 
Published: April 2020

The accurate extracting, studying, and analyzing of drainage basin morphometric aspects is important for the accurate determination of environmental factors that formed them, such as climate, tectonic activity, region lithology, and land covering vegetation.
This work was divided into three stages; the 1st stage was delineation of the Al-Abiadh basin borders using a new approach that depends on three-dimensional modeling of the studied region and a drainage network pattern extraction using (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) data, the 2nd was the classification of the Al-Abiadh basin streams according to their shape and widenings, and the 3rd was extracting then taking up the quantitative analysis technique to estimate the basin morphometric aspects and the basin's environmental parameters that created them.
The Al-Abiadh valley basin is a six-order one with a dendritic, parallel, and deranged drainage network. The flood hazard is absent at the basin mouth because the valley runoff takes a long time to reach the sink (Al-Razaza Lake), located in the middle part of Iraq, with a low flow peak due to the high permeability soil, the arid to semi-arid climate, and the low annual precipitation rate.
The region studied is an alluvial basin with similar geological structural solidity in most places. The drainage network was found to be controlled by lineaments and fracture traces; the basin has passed its youth geomorphic phase.
Xeno-free, chemically defined and scalable monolayer differentiation protocol for retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Lanner Fredrik , Reyes Alvaro , Petrus-Reurer Sandra , Sánchez Sara , Kumar Pankaj , Douagi Iyadh , Bartuma Hammurabi , Aronsson Monica , Westman Sofie , Lardner Emma , Falk Anna , Nandrot Emeline , Kvanta Anders 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

With cell therapies advancing towards the patients’ bedside, there is an increased need for robust and up-scalable protocols to generate clinical grade stem cell-derived products.The protocol we present in the study provides a xeno-free, chemically defined, scalable and robust retinal pigment epithelial cell monolayer differentiation without the need for manual isolation that uses either human embryonic stem cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells as a starting material.