bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do working capital management practices influence investment and financing patterns of firms?
Authors: Akbar Ahsan , Jiang Xinfeng , Akbar Minhas 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe present study aims to investigate the impact of working capital management (WCM) practices on the investment and financing patterns of listed nonfinancial companies in Pakistan for a span of 10 years.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on secondary financial data of 354 listed nonfinancial Pakistani firms during the period of 2005–2014. The two-step generalized method of moment (GMM) regression estimation technique is employed to ensure the robustness of results.FindingsEmpirical testing reveals that: excessive funds tied up in working capital have a negative impact on the investment portfolio of sample firms. Besides, a negative relationship between change in fixed assets and excess net working capital posits that, eventually, firms use idle resources tied up in short-lived assets to boost their investment activities. Furthermore, larger working capital levels were associated with higher leverage ratio which indicates that firms with inefficient WCM policies have to rely heavily on long-term debt to meet their short-term financing requirements. Additional results indicate that firms that take more time to sell inventory and convert receivables to cash, make more use of debt. Results of cash management models illustrate that cash-rich firms have lower leverage levels which signal the strong financial health and internal revenue generation capability of such firms.Originality/valueThere is a dearth of empirical studies that examine the implications of WCM decisions on a firm's capital structure. Besides, these studies are only confined to how a WCM policy influences the long-term investment activities of a firm. The research contributes to the extant literature by empirically revealing a link between the WCM practices and the firm's long-range investment and financing patterns. Hence, financial managers shall account for the impact of their short-term financial management decisions on the capital structure of the firm.
Suicidal ideation is insensitive to suicide risk after emergency department discharge: Performance characteristics of the Columbia‐Suicide Severity Rating Scale Screener
Authors: Simpson Scott A. , Goans Christian , Loh Ryan , Ryall Karen , Middleton Molly C. A. , Dalton Alicia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe describe the Columbia‐Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C‐SSRS)–Clinical Practice Screener’s ability to predict suicide and emergency department (ED) visits for self‐harm in the year following an ED encounter.MethodsScreening data from adult patients’ first ED encounter during a 27‐month study period were analyzed. Patients were excluded if they died during the encounter or left without being identified. The outcomes were suicide as reported by the state health department and a recurrent ED visit for suicide attempt or self‐harm reported by the state hospital association. Multivariable regression examined the screener’s correlation with these outcomes.ResultsAmong 92,643 patients analyzed, eleven (0.01%) patients died by suicide within a month after ED visit. The screener’s sensitivity and specificity for suicide by 30 days were 0.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.00 to 0.41) and 0.99 (95% CI = 0.99 to 0.99). Sensitivity and specificity were better for predicting self‐harm by 30 days: 0.53 (95% CI = 0.42 to 0.64) and 0.97 (95% CI = 0.97 to 0.97), respectively. Multivariable regression demonstrated that screening risk remained associated with both suicide and self‐harm outcomes in the presence of covariates. Suicide risk was not mitigated by hospitalization or psychiatric intervention in the ED.ConclusionsThe C‐SSRS screener is insensitive to suicide risk after ED discharge. Most patients who died by suicide screened negative and did not receive psychiatric services in the ED. Moreover, most patients with suicidal ideation died by causes other than suicide. The screener was more sensitive for predicting nonfatal self‐harm and may inform a comprehensive risk assessment. These results compel us to reimagine the provision of emergency psychiatric services.
The future of long‐term monitoring following catheter and surgical intervention for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lohrmann Graham , Passman Rod 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMonitoring following catheter or surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is an essential tool used to assess outcomes for research purposes and help guide clinical decision making. The most commonly used methods to monitor for postintervention AF include a variety of ambulatory external electrocardiogram monitors, cardiac implantable electronic devices, and more recently, direct to consumer digital health technologies. The traditional metric of ablation success, recurrence > 30 s at 1 year, is below the detection capabilities of almost all monitoring techniques yet still undervalues the efficacy of AF interventions. Measures of AF burden reduction and duration give a more complete assessment of the impact of AF surgeries and ablation. As it is increasingly being recognized that AF burden and duration is related to stroke risk, long‐term, inexpensive, noninvasive monitoring methods are needed. Smart phones and watches with AF‐detecting capabilities, which are increasingly being used by the majority of U.S. adults, have emerged as viable options to achieve this goal, shifting the paradigm of AF monitoring to a more patient‐centered approach.
An association analysis for genetic factors for dental caries susceptibility in a cohort of Chinese children
Authors: Wu Lingli , Li Zhiqiang , Zhou Jianye , Ma Bin , Yu Fei , Zheng Xin , Hu Xiaopan , Ma Zhongming , Su Xuelian 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo comprehensively investigate the effects of 25 variants in 15 genes on dental caries susceptibility in a cohort of Chinese children.MethodsA total of 25 variants in 15 genes were genotyped with MassARRAY iPLEX system and analyzed in 265 healthy controls and 254 children affected by dental caries with different dmft scores. The children with dental caries were stratified into “mild group” (scores from 1 to 3), “moderate group” (scores from 4 to 6), and “severe group” (scores from 7 to 14).ResultsThe association analysis revealed that rs11362 of defensin β1 (DEFB1) was significantly associated with dental caries susceptibility (OR = 2.447, p = 1.165E−04). Furthermore, rs11362 was positively correlated with the severity of dental caries. For another selected variant of DEFB1, rs1799946 was significantly associated with dental caries susceptibility in the severe group (OR = 0.473, p = 3.70E−03) and also significant in the group consisted of moderate and severe subjects (OR = 0.623, p = .033). The results from logistic regression in additive, dominant, and recessive models also exhibited the similar patterns.ConclusionOut of 25 selected variants, only 2 of DEFB1 gene (rs11362 and rs1799946) were significantly associated with dental caries susceptibility in children.
Structural and Functional Characterization of a Na
v
1.5-Mitochondrial Couplon
Authors: Pérez-Hernández Marta , Leo-Macias Alejandra , Keegan Sarah , Jouni Mariam , Kim Joon-Chul , Agullo-Pascual Esperanza , Vermij Sarah , Zhang Mingliang , Liang Feng-Xia , Burridge Paul , Fenyo David , Rothenberg Eli , Delmar Mario 
Published: December 2020

Rationale:

The cardiac sodium channel Na
V
1.5 has a fundamental role in excitability and conduction. Previous studies have shown that sodium channels cluster together in specific cellular subdomains. Their association with intracellular organelles in defined regions of the myocytes, and the functional consequences of that association, remain to be defined.

Objective:
To characterize a subcellular domain formed by sodium channel clusters in the crest region of the myocytes and the subjacent subsarcolemmal mitochondria.

Methods and Results:

Through a combination of imaging approaches including super-resolution microscopy and electron microscopy we identified, in adult cardiac myocytes, a Na
V
1.5 subpopulation in close proximity to subjacent subsarcolemmal mitochondria; we further found that subjacent subsarcolemmal mitochondria preferentially host the mitochondrial NCLX (Na
+
/Ca
2+
exchanger). This anatomic proximity led us to investigate functional changes in mitochondria resulting from sodium channel activity. Upon TTX (tetrodotoxin) exposure, mitochondria near Na
V
1.5 channels accumulated more Ca
2+
and showed increased reactive oxygen species production when compared with interfibrillar mitochondria. Finally, crosstalk between Na
V
1.5 channels and mitochondria was analyzed at a transcriptional level. We found that
SCN5A
(encoding Na
V
1.5) and
SLC8B1
(which encode Na
V
1.5 and NCLX, respectively) are negatively correlated both in a human transcriptome data set (Genotype-Tissue Expression) and in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes deficient in
SCN5A
.

Conclusions:

We describe an anatomic hub (a couplon) formed by sodium channel clusters and subjacent subsarcolemmal mitochondria. Preferential localization of NCLX to this domain allows for functional coupling where the extrusion of Ca
2+
from the mitochondria is powered, at least in part, by the entry of sodium through Na
V
1.5 channels. These results provide a novel entry-point into a mechanistic understanding of the intersection between electrical and structural functions of the heart.
Photo Elicitation and Photovoice: How Visual Research Enables Empowerment, Articulation and Dis-Articulation
Authors: Hopkins Linda , Wort Eleanor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Photo elicitation and photovoice are valuable tools for researchers of churches and congregations. Photo elicitation and photovoice empower participants, turning them from passive objects of study into emancipated co-creators of research and empowered co-creators of data. We used photo elicitation and photovoice in our separate studies of understandings of communion among young Baptists and understandings of culture among church leaders in Hull. Although our research areas were very different, we found similarities in the way that images can empower participants and in doing so, enable them to be both articulate and dis-articulate, arguing that this dis-articulation is valuable in discussions of belief and experience.
Effect of Margin Status on Survival After Resection of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma in the Modern Era of Adjuvant Therapies
Authors: Watson Michael D. , Baimas-George Maria R. , Passeri Michael J. , Sulzer Jesse K. , Baker Erin H. , Ocuin Lee M. , Martinie John B. , Iannitti David A. , Vrochides Dionisios 
Published: December 2020

Introduction Studies have shown that for patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC), survival is associated with negative resection margins (R0). This requires increasingly proximal resection, putting patients at higher risk for complications, which may delay chemotherapy. For patients with microscopically positive resection margins (R1), the use of modern adjuvant therapies may offset the effect of R1 resection. Methods Patients at our institution with HC undergoing curative-intent resection between January 2008 and July 2019 were identified by retrospective record review. Demographic data, operative details, tumor characteristics, postoperative outcomes, recurrence, survival, and follow-up were recorded. Patients with R0 margin were compared to those with R1 margin. Patients with R2 resection were excluded. Results Seventy-five patients underwent attempted resection with 34 (45.3%) cases aborted due to metastatic disease or locally advanced disease. Forty-one (54.7%) patients underwent curative-intent resection with R1 rate of 43.9%. Both groups had similar rates of adjuvant therapy (56.5% vs. 61.1%, P = .7672). Complication rates and 30 mortality were similar between groups (all P > .05). Both groups had similar median recurrence-free survival (R0 29.2 months vs. R1 27.8 months, P = .540) and median overall survival (R0 31.2 months vs. R1 38.8 months, P = .736) with similar median follow-up time (R0 29.9 months vs. R1 28.5 months, P = .8864). Conclusions At our institution, patients undergoing hepatic resection for HC with R1 margins have similar recurrence-free and overall survival to those with R0 margins. Complications and short-term mortality were similar. This may indicate that with use of modern adjuvant therapies obtaining an R0 resection is not an absolute mandate.
‘Give Me Some Rail’: An Enquiry into Puzzle of Declining Female Labour Force Participation Rate
Authors: Gupta Rajesh , Bhamoriya Vaibhav 
Published: December 2020

Female labour force undeniably constitutes half of the human capital that drives the growth and development of emerging economies. Probing into determinants of female labour force participation decline has gathered momentum in recent past, but there has been no significant breakthrough in resolving the puzzle. Using World Bank’s database of female labour force participation rate of India and China, and the state-wise database for India, this article juxtaposes the intermodal transport trend to examine if the former can be explained by the latter. Decline of female labour force participation in India is a concern from both the demographic dividend aspect and the social inclusion aspect. Twenty-five years’ data of both China and India and 3 year’s data of 18 Indian states show this trend, and this article probes the mobility constraint as the reason behind this phenomenon. Results of this study indicate that lower rail-to-road ratio is exclusionary for women. The findings regarding gendering of mobility and employment would influence important policy towards planning intermodal transport and its share of total transport for a nation. JEL Classification: C25, J12, J16, J21, J22, J130, J220, I38, I180, R48
A polymorphism in the 3′-untranslated region of the matrix metallopeptidase 9 gene is associated with susceptibility to idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis in the Chinese population
Authors: Bu Qiang , Zhu Yu , Chen Qiao-yun , Li Hao , Pan Yan 
Published: December 2020

Objective To investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of the matrix metallopeptidase 9 gene ( MMP9) are associated with susceptibility to calcium oxalate stones. Methods A total of 428 patients with kidney stone disease (KSD) and 450 control individuals were enrolled. Three MMP9 SNPs (rs20544, rs9509, and rs1056628) were genotyped, and MMP9 mRNA and protein expression was determined in patients and controls. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted by transfecting HEK293 cells with miR-491-5p mimics and plasmids containing MMP9 with rs1056628 AA/CC genotypes. Results The rs1056628 CC genotype was significantly increased in KSD patients compared with controls (CC vs AA: odds ratio [OR] = 2.279, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.048–4.956). The rs1056628 C allele frequency was higher in KSD patients than controls. The increased KSD risks associated with rs1056628 were more evident in individuals aged <30 years (OR = 3.504, 95% CI = 1.102–11.139) and men (OR = 2.522, 95% CI = 1.004–6.334). mRNA and protein levels of MMP9 were significantly higher in KSD patients with the CC genotype than in those with the AA genotype. Conclusion This study demonstrates that MMP9 SNP rs1056628 is associated with a significant KSD risk in Chinese Han individuals.
Efficacy of chemotherapy combined with toripalimab in PD-L1–positive and high tumor mutation burden pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma: case report
Authors: Xu Huanji , Wang Xin , Zhou Sheng , Hu Qiancheng , Cao Dan 
Published: December 2020

Background: Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a rare tumor, accounting for about 1% of all pancreatic exocrine cancers. Consensus on the management of metastatic PACC remains unclear. Case presentation: Starting from April 2019, a patient first received chemotherapy with two cycles of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel and two cycles of SOX regimen. After progression of disease evaluated based on RECIST 1.1, toripalimab and SOX regimen was administered because of PD-L1–positive expression, high tumor mutation burden (TMB), and somatic FANCA deletion in the tumor. Both the primary and metastatic tumor mass shrank significantly after two courses. The patient exhibited sustained partial response for at least six courses with well-controlled toxic effects. Then the treatment had to be stopped for 2 months because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Computed tomography scan in March 2020 showed disease progression. Time from initiating treatment to tumor progression on toripalimab and SOX regimen treatment took up to at least 8 months. Conclusions: We present the first case report where a PD-L1 positive, high TMB, and FANCA-deleted pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma was treated using chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy, in which the patient exhibited satisfactory response and tolerance.
“Goodbye … Through a Glass Door”: Emotional Experiences of Working in COVID-19 Acute Care Hospital Environments
Authors: Lapum Jennifer , Nguyen Megan , Fredericks Suzanne , Lai Sannie , McShane Julie 
Published: December 2020

Background The severity of the COVID-19 health crisis has placed acute care nurses in dire work environments in which they have had to deal with uncertainty, loss, and death on a constant basis. It is necessary to gain a better understanding of nurses’ experiences to develop interventions supportive of their emotional well-being. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore how nurses are emotionally affected working in COVID-19 acute care hospital environments. The research question is: What is the emotional experience of nurses working in COVID-19 acute care hospital environments? Methods We employed a narrative methodology that focused on participants’ stories. Twenty registered nurses, who worked in six hospitals in the Greater Toronto Area in Canada, participated in interviews. A narrative analysis was conducted with a focus on content and form of stories. Results We identified three themes about working in COVID-19 acute care hospital environments: the emotional experience, the agency of emotions, and how emotions shape nursing and practice. Conclusion In moving forth with pandemic preparations, healthcare leaders and governments need to make sure that a nurse’s sacrifice is not all-encompassing. Supporting nurses’ emotional well-being and resilience is necessary to counterbalance the loss and trauma nurses go through.
Radiology in the Era of Value-Based Healthcare: A Multi-Society Expert Statement From the ACR, CAR, ESR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA
Authors: Brady Adrian P. , Bello Jaqueline A. , Derchi Lorenzo E. , Fuchsjäger Michael , Goergen Stacy , Krestin Gabriel P. , Lee Emil J. Y. , Levin David C. , Pressacco Josephine , Rao Vijay M. , Slavotinek John , Visser Jacob J. , Walker Richard E. A. , Brink James A. 
Published: December 2020

Background: The Value-Based Healthcare (VBH) concept is designed to improve individual healthcare outcomes without increasing expenditure, and is increasingly being used to determine resourcing of and reimbursement for medical services. Radiology is a major contributor to patient and societal healthcare at many levels. Despite this, some VBH models do not acknowledge radiology’s central role; this may have future negative consequences for resource allocation. Methods, findings and interpretation: This multi-society paper, representing the views of Radiology Societies in Europe, the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, describes the place of radiology in VBH models and the health-care value contributions of radiology. Potential steps to objectify and quantify the value contributed by radiology to healthcare are outlined.
In schizophrenia, are lack of capacity and lack of insight more usefully understood as anosognosia?
Authors: Little John D. 
Published: December 2020

Objective: To argue that lack of capacity, lack of insight and anosognosia represent different facets of an interconnected, underlying process. Methods: Electronic and manual literature search. Results: There is demographic, clinical, neurocognitive and possible neuroanatomical overlap between lack of capacity, lack of insight and anosognosia. Conclusion: The use of different terms may reflect the background of the authors and their investigative methodologies rather than unrelated phenomena. Anosognosia is preferred as it progresses research and usefully informs clinical and legal practice.
23.4% Sodium Chloride Versus Mannitol for the Reduction of Intracranial Pressure in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tatro Hayley A. , McMillen James C. , Hamilton Leslie A. , Rowe A. Shaun 
Published: December 2020

Background Intermittent doses of mannitol or hypertonic saline are recommended to treat elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). However, it is unclear if one agent is more effective than the other. Previous studies have compared mannitol and hypertonic saline in reduction of ICP, with conflicting results. However, no study thus far has compared 23.4% sodium chloride with mannitol. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the difference in absolute reduction of ICP 60 minutes after infusion of 23.4% sodium chloride versus mannitol. Methods This was a single-center retrospective cohort study that included patients at least 16 years old admitted to the trauma/surgical intensive care unit between August 8, 2016, and August 30, 2018, who received either 23.4% sodium chloride 30 mL and/or mannitol 0.5 g/kg and had an ICP monitor or external ventricular drain in place. The primary outcome was absolute reduction in ICP 60 minutes after infusion of hyperosmolar therapy. Results In all, 31 patients and 162 doses of hyperosmolar therapy were included in the analysis. There was no statistically significant difference in the primary end point of absolute reduction of ICP 60 minutes after infusion of hyperosmolar therapy comparing 23.4% sodium chloride 30 mL with 0.5 g/kg mannitol ( P = 0.2929). There was no statistically significant difference found for any secondary end points. Conclusion and Relevance No difference was found for absolute reduction of ICP at 30, 60, and 120 minutes, respectively, after infusion of hyperosmolar agent or time to next elevated ICP. Patient-specific parameters should be used to guide the choice of hyperosmolar agent to be administered.