bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The biomarker HE4 (WFDC2) promotes a pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via regulation of STAT3 target genes
Authors: James Nicole E. , Emerson Jenna B. , Borgstadt Ashley D. , Beffa Lindsey , Oliver Matthew T. , Hovanesian Virginia , Urh Anze , Singh Rakesh K. , Rowswell-Turner Rachael , DiSilvestro Paul A. , Ou Joyce , Moore Richard G. , Ribeiro Jennifer R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy arising from the fallopian tubes that has a high rate of chemoresistant recurrence and low five-year survival rate. The ovarian cancer biomarker HE4 is known to promote proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistance, and suppression of cytotoxic lymphocytes. In this study, we sought to examine the effects of HE4 on signaling within diverse cell types that compose the tumor microenvironment. HE4 was found to activate STAT3 signaling and promote upregulation of the pro-angiogenic STAT3 target genes IL8 and HIF1A in immune cells, ovarian cancer cells, and endothelial cells. Moreover, HE4 promoted increases in tube formation in an in vitro model of angiogenesis, which was also dependent upon STAT3 signaling. Clinically, HE4 and IL8 levels positively correlated in ovarian cancer patient tissue. Furthermore, HE4 serum levels correlated with microvascular density in EOC tissue and inversely correlated with cytotoxic T cell infiltration, suggesting that HE4 may cause deregulated blood vessel formation and suppress proper T cell trafficking in tumors. Collectively, this study shows for the first time that HE4 has the ability to affect signaling events and gene expression in multiple cell types of the tumor microenvironment, which could contribute to angiogenesis and altered immunogenic responses in ovarian cancer.
Influences of ventilation parameters on flow field and dust migration in an underground coal mine heading
Authors: Wei Jianping , Xu Xiangyu , Jiang Wan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn order to effectively improve the efficiency of ventilation and dust removal, the flow field and dust migration characteristics under different ventilation parameters are deeply studied and analyzed by using the method of similar experiment and numerical simulation. Research results show that the change of the height of the ventilation duct affects the shape of the jet fluid, wind velocity distribution, the vortex distribution and the degree of disturbance of the airflow in the recirculation zone. When the height of the ventilation duct is h = 0.625 H (H is the height of the roadway), it shows a good ventilation and dust removal efficiency in roadway. The closer the ventilation duct is to the working face, the greater the eddy current intensity in the roadway and the more serious the dust accumulation. If the ventilation duct is 2 m away from the head, the dust concentration in roadway is relatively low. It shows a better ventilation and dedusting effect when the air velocity of ventilation duct v = 30 m/s, but it has a weak influence on the flow field structure in the roadway. The research results provide theoretical guidance for the selection, design and parameter optimization of the roadway ventilation and dust removal process.
Of Mice and Monkeys: Neuroprotective Efficacy of the p38 Inhibitor BIRB 796 Depends on Model Duration in Experimental Glaucoma
Authors: Lambert Wendi S. , Pasini Silvia , Collyer John W. , Formichella Cathryn R. , Ghose Purnima , Carlson Brian J. , Calkins David J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGlaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies associated with aging and sensitivity to intraocular pressure (IOP). Early progression involves retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon dysfunction that precedes frank degeneration. Previously we demonstrated that p38 MAPK inhibition abates axonal dysfunction and slows degeneration in the inducible microbead occlusion model of glaucoma in rat. Here, we assessed the neuroprotective effect of topical eye delivery of the p38 MAPK inhibitor BIRB 796 in three models of glaucoma (microbead occlusion in rat and squirrel monkey and the genetic DBA/2 J mouse model) with distinct durations of IOP elevation. While BIRB 796 did not influence IOP, treatment over four weeks in rats prevented degradation of anterograde axonal transport to the superior colliculus and degeneration in the optic nerve. Treatment over months in the chronic DBA/2 J model and in the squirrel monkey model reduced expression and activation of p38 downstream targets in the retina and brain but did not rescue RGC axon transport or degeneration, suggesting the efficacy of BIRB 796 in preventing associated degeneration of the RGC projection depends on the duration of the experimental model. These results emphasize the importance of evaluating potential therapeutic compounds for neuroprotection in multiple models using elongated treatment paradigms for an accurate assessment of efficacy.
Pore-scale mechanisms of CO2 storage in oilfields
Authors: Alhosani Abdulla , Scanziani Alessio , Lin Qingyang , Raeini Ali Q. , Bijeljic Branko , Blunt Martin J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRapid implementation of global scale carbon capture and storage is required to limit temperature rises to 1.5 °C this century. Depleted oilfields provide an immediate option for storage, since injection infrastructure is in place and there is an economic benefit from enhanced oil recovery. To design secure storage, we need to understand how the fluids are configured in the microscopic pore spaces of the reservoir rock. We use high-resolution X-ray imaging to study the flow of oil, water and CO2 in an oil-wet rock at subsurface conditions of high temperature and pressure. We show that contrary to conventional understanding, CO2 does not reside in the largest pores, which would facilitate its escape, but instead occupies smaller pores or is present in layers in the corners of the pore space. The CO2 flow is restricted by a factor of ten, compared to if it occupied the larger pores. This shows that CO2 injection in oilfields provides secure storage with limited recycling of gas; the injection of large amounts of water to capillary trap the CO2 is unnecessary.
Potential bacterial biomarkers for insect colonization in forensic cases: preliminary quantitative data on Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica dynamics
Authors: Iancu Lavinia , Necula-Petrareanu Georgiana , Purcarea Cristina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor the last decades, forensic microbiology became an emerging complementary tool in criminalistics. Although the insect-microbe interactions regarding pathogen transmission were extensively studied, only scarce information is available on bacterial transfer from necrophagous insects to host tissues. Our data provides the first report on the occurrence of Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica in Lucilia illustris Meigen, 1826 (Diptera: Calliphoridae), and the quantitative dynamics of the two bacterial species along the insect life-stages and transfer to beef and pork host tissues using qPCR gyrase b specific primers. The content of both bacterial species increased along the insect life stages. W. chitiniclastica was detected in all developmental stages independent of the feeding substrate. I. indica was measurable with 102 gene copies ng−1 DNA threshold starting from the third instar larvae when feeding on beef, and from the egg stage with a 102× higher representation when using the pork substrate. The transfer of bacterial species to both tissues occurred after 3 colonization days except for I. indica that was visible in beef liver only during day 5. Considering the utilization of pork tissues as human analogues, these quantitative microbial dynamics data provides first insect-specific bacterial candidates as potential colonization biomarkers in forensic investigations.
Introducing a bioelectrochemical method for highly selective enumeration of magnetotactic bacteria
Authors: Memarpoor-Yazdi Mina , Haghighatian Sara , Doroodmand Mohammad Mahdi , Derakhshandeh Abdollah , Moezzi Maryam Sadat 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, we employed an electrochemical (potentiometric) method to enumerate magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) during its coupling with iodometric titration to obtain a selective, precise and rapid counting system. Oxygen was considered as an important factor for the orientation and movement of MTB towards the magnet-modified indicator electrode. In the direct potentiometry, a linear correlation was detected between potentiometric response and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations. By the increase of the DO concentration, potential difference would increase in the range of 4.0 to 20.0 parts per million (ppm) at different pressure conditions. The reliability of the O2 bio-sensing feature provides a selective MTB-based cell enumeration methodology based on indirect potentiometric titration. Furthermore, a five-minute H2-purging resulted in an increase of potentiometric response sensitivity arising from the decrease in DO concentration of the electrolyte solution. Results were also investigated by zeta potential difference, which show the effect of charge density of MTB in presence of DO. Zeta potential was increased proportionally by addition of the MTB population. Regarding the reliability of the suggested method, data obtained by the designed system showed no statistical difference from those obtained by the most common procedure in microbiology for enumeration of bacteria, known as colony forming unit (CFU) method.
Tunable optical and magneto-optical Faraday and Kerr rotations in a dielectric slab doped with double-V type atoms
Authors: Vafafard Azar , Sahrai Mostafa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe theoretically investigate the optical and magneto-optical Faraday and Kerr rotations of a probe field that propagates through a nonmagnetic dielectric slab doped with double-V type atoms. Both rotations and corresponding ellipticities, as well as the intensities of transmitted and reflected beams, are modified by quantum coherence induced in the atomic system. We show that applying a control laser field makes the system optically active and simultaneously, transparent to one component of the probe field. We demonstrate that the response of the slab can be modified both electrically and magnetically. Applying the second control laser field with different Rabi frequencies improves the optical properties of the slab due to the induced coherent effects. We present analytical expressions for facilitating the detailed study of the system behaviors. Magneto-optical Faraday rotation 45° with transmission close to $$100 \% $$100% and large Kerr rotation with high reflection are significant results from the influence of both the control and magnetic fields on such a small structure. By prevailing over the tradeoff between reflection and rotation, the proposed model could be considered as a special candidate for rotating the polarization plane of the transmitted and reflected beams, simultaneously.
Histological grading evaluation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after bariatric surgery: a retrospective and longitudinal observational cohort study
Authors: Chaim Felipe David Mendonça , Pascoal Lívia Bitencourt , Chaim Fábio Henrique Mendonça , Palma Bruna Biazon , Damázio Tiago Andrade , da Costa Larissa Bastos Eloy , Carvalho Rita , Cazzo Everton , Gestic Martinho Antônio , Utrini Murillo Pimentel , Milanski Marciane , Chaim Elinton Adami , Leal Raquel Franco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease with several degrees of histological features which may progress to cirrhosis. Obesity is an important risk factor and although NAFLD has no specific pharmacological treatment, bariatric surgery has been associated with NAFLD regression in severely obese patients. However, few longitudinal histological studies support this finding. Therefore, firstly, a retrospective study was performed including clinical and histological data of 895 obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery. In addition, histological analyses of 30 patient’s liver biopsies were evaluated at two timepoints (T1 and T2). The retrospective analysis of the total number of patients revealed that the average body mass index (BMI) was 35.91 ± 2.81 kg/m2. The liver biopsies during bariatric surgery showed that 53.52% did not present NAFLD, 30.16% had NASH, 15.98% isolated steatosis and 0.34% liver cirrhosis. The median BMI of the longitudinal cohort decreased from 37.9 ± 2.21 kg/m2 at the time of bariatric surgery (T1) to 25.69 ± 3.79 kg/m2 after 21 ± 22 months after the procedure (T2). The prevalence of NAFLD in T1 was 50%, and 16.67% in T2. The histological area of collagen fiber was lower in T2 compared to T1 (p = 0.0152) in the majority of patients, which was also illustrated by immunohistochemistry for Kupffer cell and myofibroblast formation markers. These findings confirmed the NAFLD regression after bariatric surgery and, for the first time, showed the amelioration of these features using more accurate histopathological techniques.
The role of the microbiome and psychosocial stress in the expression and activity of drug metabolizing enzymes in mice
Authors: Zemanová Nina , Anzenbacher Pavel , Zapletalová Iveta , Jourová Lenka , Hermanová Petra , Hudcovic Tomáš , Kozáková Hana , Vodička Martin , Pácha Jiří , Anzenbacherová Eva 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe gut microbiota is involved in a number of different metabolic processes of the host organism, including the metabolism of xenobiotics. In our study, we focused on liver cytochromes P450 (CYPs), which can metabolize a wide range of exo- and endogenous molecules. We studied changes in mRNA expression and CYP enzyme activities, as well as the mRNA expression of transcription factors that have an important role in CYP expression, all in stressed germ-free (GF) and stressed specific-pathogen-free (SPF) mice. Besides the presence of the gut microbiota, we looked at the difference between acute and chronic stress. Our results show that stress has an impact on CYP mRNA expression, but it is mainly chronic stress that has a significant effect on enzyme activities along with the gut microbiome. In acutely stressed mice, we observed significant changes at the mRNA level, however, the corresponding enzyme activities were not influenced. Our study suggests an important role of the gut microbiota along with chronic psychosocial stress in the expression and activity of CYPs, which can potentially lead to less effective drug metabolism and, as a result, a harmful impact on the organism.
Quadratus Lumborum Block As A Single Anesthetic Method For Laparoscopic Totally Extraperitoneal (Tep) Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Favaro Murillo de Lima , Gabor Silvio , Souza Diogo Barros Florenzano , Araújo Anderson Alcoforado , Milani Ana Luiza Castro , Ribeiro Junior Marcelo Augusto Fontenelle 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMinimally invasive surgery for inguinal hernia repair is advantageous in terms of return to usual activities and lower rates of chronic pain; however, it requires general anesthesia. This study sought to analyze the benefits of ultrasound guided locoregional anesthesia of the quadratus lumborum muscle (QL block) as a single anesthetic technique for endoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair with regard to postoperative pain, length of hospital stay, and hospital cost. A total of 46 patients, aged 18 to 80 years, with unilateral inguinal hernia, one group that received general anesthesia and one that received sedation and QL block for TEP inguinal hernia repair. In the 46 patients the median pain score 6 hours after surgery was significantly lower (2 versus 4) among the QL block group than among the group receiving general anesthesia. Consequently, the former group showed a briefer median hospital stay (6 versus 24 hours, respectively). The anesthesia and hospital costs were also lower for the QL block group, with median reductions of 64.15% and 25%, respectively. QL block is a safe and effective option for patients undergoing TEP inguinal hernia repair, given the observed reduction in early postoperative pain, briefer hospital stay, and decreased anesthesia and hospital costs.
Cotinine inhibits TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and improves deep vein thrombosis in rats
Authors: Cheng Zhiyuan , Jia Wei , Tian Xuan , Jiang Peng , Zhang Yunxin , Li Jinyong , Tian Chenyang , Liu Jianlong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study was designed to explore the regulatory mechanisms and influences of cotinine on deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in rats via the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κ binding (TLR-4/NF-κB) pathway. Methods: In this experimental study, 30 SD rats were randomly assigned to control group, sham operation group, model group, cotinine (10 μg/kg) group, and model + cotinine (10 μg/kg) group. The thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto-PGF1α, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), TLR4, NF-κB, and p65 mRNA and protein expression and tissue changes were analyzed by ELISA, Hematoxylin–Eosin (HE) staining, RT-PCR, and Western blot. Results: There was no significant difference between the control and sham operation groups (P&gt;0.05). The model and cotinine groups showed significantly higher mRNA and protein levels of TXB2, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), PAI, TLR-4, and NF-κB, and significantly lower levels of 6-keto-PGF1α and t-PA than the control and sham operation groups (P&lt;0.05), and the model + cotinine group showed significantly higher mRNA and protein levels of TXB2, IL-6 and TNF-α, PAI, TLR-4, and NF-κB and significantly lower levels of 6-keto-PGF1α and t-PA than the model group (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Cotinine can aggravate thrombus and inflammation in rats with DVT, and the mechanism may be associated with the activation of the TLR-4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway.
Effect of micron aluminium powder on mechanical properties and microstructural in zirconia toughened alumina ceramics
Authors: Zhang Ruihao , Qi Bao , Wang Jie , She Xinwei , Ran Zhende , Jiang Xianquan 
Published: May 2020

Traditional powder metallurgy was employed to prepare alumina–zirconia (Al2O3–ZrO2) and alumina–zirconia–aluminium (Al2O3–ZrO2–Al) ceramics. It was found that as the sintering temperature increases, the flexural strength of both ceramics increases first and then decreases. The maximum flexural strength of Al2O3–ZrO2 appears to be 430.7 MPa when sintered at 1650°C, and Al2O3–ZrO2–Al appears to be 448.8 MPa when sintered at 1600°C. As the sintering temperature increases, the grain size of each phase grows up, the porosity increases, the content of intragranular phase and monoclinic ZrO2 (m‐ZrO2) increases. The addition of Al powder improves the dispersion of ZrO2, reduces the porosity of zirconia toughened alumina ceramics, and improves the bending strength. Al powder increases the content of the intragranular ZrO2, restrains the t–m phase transformation, results in the decreases of the relative amount of m‐ZrO2 in ZrO2 (Xm). Adding Al powder during ball milling is a simple method to increase the content of intragranular ZrO2 in Al2O3–ZrO2 ceramics.
Two‐step hydrothermal preparation of poor crystalline MoS2 and its enhanced performance for dibenzothiophene hydrodesulphurisation
Authors: Huang He , Liu Na , Wei Jian , Wang Xueying , Luo Qinglong , Huang Xueli , Wang Xuefeng , Zhong Mei 
Published: May 2020

Poor crystalline MoS2 was synthesised by a novel two‐step hydrothermal method, including aging and hydrothermal stages. The structures were characterised by different analytical methods such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The synthesised products were typical mesoporous materials with a high specific surface area (273 m2/g). XRD and XPS displayed that the products were poor crystalline MoS2 mixed with metal Mo and Mo4+/(Mo + Mo4+) was 72.6%. The electron microscopy results showed that the products were uniform bent nanosheets with150 nm diameter and 3–5 layers. Furthermore, the product displayed excellent hydrodesulphurisation performance of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and the DBT conversion reached 87.3%. Compared with the one‐step hydrothermal method, the two‐step one was able to shorten the reaction time by 12 h, create more active sites and affect crystalline, composition, specific surface area and morphology of products.
Interferons in the Therapy of Severe Coronavirus Infections: A
Critical Analysis and Recollection of a Forgotten Therapeutic Regimen with
Interferon Beta
Authors: Brzoska Josef , von Eick Harald , Hündgen Manfred 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe pharmacological and immunological properties of interferons, especially those
of interferon beta, and the corresponding treatment strategies are described,
and the results of studies with different interferons in coronavirus infections
are analysed. Furthermore, the data obtained with high-dosed native interferon
beta in life-threatening acute viral diseases as well as the results of clinical
pilot studies with high-dosed recombinant interferon beta-1a are provided
because they serve as the rationale for the proposed therapeutic regimen to be
applied in acute viral infections. This regimen differs from those approved for
treatment of multiple sclerosis and consists of interferon beta-1a administered
as a 24 hour intravenous infusion at a daily dose of up to 90 µg for
3–5 consecutive days. Since under this regimen transient severe side
effects can occur, it is analysed which patients are suitable for this kind of
treatment in general and if patients with severe coronavirus infections could
also be treated accordingly.
Tibial Tray with a Stem: Does It Have Any Role in Primary Cemented Total Knee Replacement?
Authors: Samy Ahmed M. , Azzam Wael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOver many decades, total knee replacement (TKR) has become the ideal treatment option for advanced arthritis. Many designs were introduced to increase the stability of the tibial tray, hence the longevity of the prosthesis. This retrospective study was performed on 168 patients who received NexGen cemented primary total knee either with standard tibial tray (group A) or tibial tray with an intramedullary stem (group B) between May 2008 and May 2017. We reviewed all preoperative and postoperative clinical and radiological data retrospectively. In addition, a prospective clinical and radiological reassessment was done. Our aim was to answer the following questions: (1) Is there any difference between both groups in regard to clinical and radiological results? (2) Is there any difference in the revision rate? (3) Is there a role of using stemmed tibial tray in primary TKR? Better results were recorded in obese and severely obese patients having stemmed cemented tibial tray and so for patients with marked and severe preoperative varus angle. Our recommendations are to use cemented tibial tray with a stem in complicated primary surgery without fear of adverse effects on short and intermediate terms of follow-up.