bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Plastic Produced From Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) Seed and Sago Starch Blend
Authors: Lothfy Fairuzdzah Ahmad , Azhar Mohd Suhazree Mohd , Zainuddin Nur Sha’adah , Sani Junaidah Md 
Published: August 2020

Objective::
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is a tropical fruit that has high
amylose content in its seeds similar to sago starch. Thus, jackfruit seeds and sago are suitable
raw materials for the production of biodegradable plastic (BGP). The objective of this research
is to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of BGP produced from the
blend of jackfruit seed and sago starch.

Methods::
The BGP was prepared by mixing different ratios of the jackfruit seed flour to the
sago flour in distilled water with the addition of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl). The mixture
was stirred and heated at 80oC and later mixed with glycerol. The mixture was neutralized
with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and was cast by using the casting plate technique.

Results::
The results showed that the optimum tensile strength was obtained at 2.06 MPa. at
the blend ratio of 7:3. The maximum absorption rate of water ranged from 32 % to 34 % occurred
at the blend ratio of 1:9 while the lowest absorption rate ranged from 21% to 26% occurred
at the blend ratio of 5:5. The degradability of BGP was indicated by decreasing the
FT-IR spectra peaks intensity and broadening of the bandwidth due to the degradation of
starch in the BGP.

Conclusion::
The blend ratio of 10:0 showed the highest degradability rate. Conclusively,
that the physical and mechanical properties are affected by the blend ratios.
Caracterización de Necrosoles en el bosque seco tropical en Colombia: un acercamiento desde la geología forense
Authors: Vélez Santiago , Sedov Sergey , Monsalve Timisay , Cardona-Gallo Santiago A. , Quiroz Mary L. , Solleiro-Rebolledo Elizabeth 
Published: August 2020

Los Necrosoles son suelos relacionados con entierros cuyas propiedades resultan de las condiciones particulares del entorno de la inhumación. Su caracterización por medio de técnicas de geociencia forense, puede aportar herramientas que maximicen la efectividad de la búsqueda de entierros clandestinos, situación relevante en Latinoamérica. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar rasgos y procesos pedo-antropogénicos que caracterizan a los Necrosoles, específicamente, se identificaron diferencias micromorfológicas y químicas. Se estudiaron tres perfiles de suelo de cementerios rurales en el cañón del río Cauca, en Colombia, y dos perfiles de la misma zona, fuera de la influencia de los cementerios. La comparación de ambos, perfil dentro vs perfil fuera del cementerio, permitió determinar las variaciones en las propiedades producto del impacto de los entierros. Las muestras de los suelos fueron caracterizadas químicamente y mediante métodos micromorfológicos. Los resultados demuestran que las variaciones entre los suelos de cementerios, respecto a sus referentes naturales, son la presencia de microfragmentos de madera de ataúd y de hueso, minerales con orientaciones paralelas, concentración alta de raíces finas al nivel del entierro y mezclas de agregados pedogénicos entre una matriz no pedogénica. Desde el punto de vista químico, las variaciones observadas fueron la mayor concentración de S, Fe móvil, P, además del incremento en la capacidad de intercambio catiónico del suelo. El presente estudio demostró la utilidad de la micromorfología de tres suelos como herramienta en la confirmación de la presencia de Necrosoles a partir de métodos usados en la arqueología y geociencia forense. Se proponen rasgos diagnósticos modelo para la identificación de entierros clandestinos, en particular para zonas que reúnan condiciones de contextos pedológico, geomorfológico y bioclimático similares y que serán útiles en la geociencia forense.
Estos cambios de organización a nivel de microestructura en Necrosoles, se presentaron de forma escaza, localizada y heterogénea, pero no fragmentados ni dispersos, lo que pudo ser posible por la disposición espacial del entierro en el suelo y a que los restos esqueléticos bien conservados que fueron exhumados cuidadosamente. En este sentido los Necrosoles se diferencian de otros suelos antropogénicos como los Tecnosoles, Urbanozems y suelos arqueológicos, donde los microartefacos son abundantes.
Research into decomposition of hydrocarbons at restructured treatment facilities of Autodetail Open Joint Stock Company
Authors: Ivanenko Irina I. , Lapatina Elena Ya. , Smirnov Pavel I. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The novelty of the research is driven by the growing environmental contamination with anthropogenic substances, and in the course of accidents and emergency situations, as well as the need to develop the most advanced methods of their elimination. More intensive application of selected micro-organisms, capable of using variable valency chemicals as terminal acceptors, can help to treat wastewater from organic and mineral pollutants.
Materials and methods. The co-authors have performed a review of literature and used analytical equipment to conduct laboratory researches according to standard and advanced methodologies.
Results. The principal results include the restructuring of the treatment facilities operated by Autodetail Open Joint Stock Company. The restructuring consisted in the feeding process change in the currently used biological tower for the feeding to be performed with the help of the fiber carrier and immobilized association of oil oxidizing microorganisms. The association was obtained in the course of earlier laboratory researches. The most active nitrogen-gathering and oil oxidizing cultures, including Rhodococcus erythropoltis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Arthrobacter tumescens, Pseudomonas rathonis, Azotobacter chroococcum, taken in equal parts, helped to develop a bio-product designated for the decomposition of oil and its components in the aquatic environment. This bio-product was immobilized in respect of the feeding to be performed with the help of the fiber carrier and loaded into the production company’s biological tower which is part of idle wastewater treatment facilities.
Conclusions. In the course of the work performed at the first stage, special cultures were selected for the treatment of water from hydrocarbons of anthropogenic origin. These cultures had nitrogen-fixing properties needed to reduce secondary anthropogenic pollution of the water body. At the second stage, water treatment facilities of Autodetail Open Joint Stock Company were restructured and operation-related results were obtained. They enabled the researchers to make a statement that the biological transformation of pollutions was efficiently applicable to the suspended matter — 99.7 %; oil products — 98.3 %; COD — 89.2 %; nitrogen of ammonium salts — 77.9 %; mineral phosphorus — 53.3 %.
Acknowledgements: The co-authors would like to express gratitude to all reviewers and the writing team for the publication of this article.
Influence of contact layers on cracking resistance of bending three-layer structures
Authors: Vu Dinh Tho  , Korol Elena A. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. In the present-day construction practice, multilayer building envelopes are applied; their layers are made of concretes having different physical and mechanical characteristics. When different concretes are poured in successive layers, contact layers are formed; their physical and mechanical properties are unlike those of the adjacent layers. The strength and stress-strain characteristics of the contact layers can affect the behaviour of a multilayer structure.
Materials and methods. Numerical and experimental methods are applied to study the stress-train state of such structures exposed to loading. Bending three-layer structural models, having external layers made of strong structural concrete and the middle layer made of low-strength concrete, were applied in the research project. A contact layer is formed in the process of their manufacturing; its geometrical, strength and stress-strain characteristics are simulated in the process of numerical studies.
Results. The co-authors have identified the effects produced by geometrical, strength and stress-strain characteristics of contact layers on the analysis of bending multilayer structures. Design models and a novel method of analysis have been developed for bending multilayer reinforced concrete structures with account taken of the influence of geometrical, strength and stress-strain characteristics of the contact layer. According to the results of numerical calculations, differences between cracking moments can reach 4.3 % or more for three-layer reinforced concrete beams. As for the practical calculations, if the thickness of the contact layer is below 0.4 cm, one can ignore the influence produced by the contact layer on the calculation result.
Conclusions. The results of the research help to identify the rational parameters for the design of multilayer enclosing structures having varying strength reinforced concrete layers interconnected by the monolithic contact layer.
Properties of cement composites based on limestone depending on their granulometric composition
Authors: Samchenko Svetlana V. , Alexandrova Olga V. , Gurkin Anton Yu. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction. The use of limestone in cement compositions as an additional cementing agent solves both environmental and economic problems, namely, reduction of construction costs. In this regard, the study of the properties of the granulometric composition and volumetric content of cement composites, containing limestone, becomes increasingly important. The mission of this research is to optimize the properties of composite materials containing Portland cement and limestone by changing the granulometric composition of flour limestone.
Materials and methods. Limestone, having three different Blaine milling fineness values of 250, 300 and 450 m2/kg, was used; its content reached 10, 15, 25 and 35 %. Cement and sand mortars were applied for testing purposes. The influence of the granulometric composition of limestone on the workability and compressive strength of composite cement was determined.
Results. The effect of limestone on the limit shear stress becomes more pronounced when the amount of limestone increases to 25 and 35 %. This is most noticeable for limestone with a high content of fine fractions of 5–20 µm. The use of finely milled limestone increases the initial strength of the composite material. By adding 10 and 15 % of such limestone we can increase the strength by 16–20 %, and supplementary 25–35 % of limestone increases strength by 5–8 %. Strength enhancement is due to the reactivity of limestone and formation of calcium hydrocarbon aluminate 3CaO∙Al2O3∙СаСО3∙12H2O, which promotes formation of the crystal framework of the cement matrix. Additional formation of crystalline hydrates in the initial coagulation structure deteriorates the mortar workability, but increases its strength.
Conclusions. The use of coarse-grained limestone significantly improves mortar workability, while the use of fine-grained limestone increases its content without reducing its strength. The granulometric composition of ground limestone shall be as close as possible to the granulometric composition of cement for the properties of composite materials containing Portland cement and limestone to be optimized.
Dinâmicas do depoimento e violência mítica em “Sou eu mais livre, então: diário de um preso político angolano”, de Luaty Beirão
Authors: Laks Daniel 
Published: August 2020

Em 2015, o rapper e ativista político angolano Luaty Beirão foi preso por participar de uma sessão de debate sobre um texto de Domingos da Cruz, baseado na obra de Gene Sharp Da Ditadura à Democracia: o Caminho para a Libertação. Ao longo de sua prisão, Beirão escreveu três cadernos relatando suas experiências carcerárias, pensamentos sobre a situação política angolana e letras para músicas expressando suas vivências. Esses diários foram publicados como livro pela editora Tinta da China em 2017. Os objetivos do presente artigo estruturam-se em dois eixos principais. Primeiro, com base nas letras de músicas presentes nos diários do cárcere de Luaty Beirão, visa contemplar a inversão da máxima de Theodor Adorno (2003, p. 7) - “Escrever poesia depois de Auschwitz é um ato de barbárie” - proposta por Slavoj Zizek (2014, p. 19), no livro Violência: “A prosa realista fracassa ali onde a evocação poética da atmosfera insuportável do campo de concentração é bem sucedida” . Segundo, será discutido o conceito de “violência mítica” como fundação de um novo direito, conforme proposto por Walter Benjamin (2011) no ensaio Para uma Crítica da Violência. Assim, o artigo pretende abordar a relação entre regimes autoritários e a escrita poética dos diários do cárcere de Beirão como representativa das dinâmicas do depoimento de eventos extremos, ressaltando as influências da perseguição política sobre o ato de escrever.
Metode Dan Strategi Pengajaran Membaca pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Bagi Pemula
Authors: Chalik Sitti Aisyah 
Published: August 2020

This paper discusses the methods and strategies of reading in Arabic lessons. As is well known that language skills include four aspects, namely speaking skills, writing skills, reading skills, and listening skills. At the beginner level, reading is a basic skill that must be mastered by everyone who wants to learn Arabic as a foreign language and as is well known that Arabic is a Foreign Language for non-Arabs. Teaching Arabic which is a foreign language requires various methods and strategies appropriate so that learning objectives can be achieved effectively and efficiently.
Classroom Interaction in Teaching English for Mechanical Engineering Students
Authors: Dharmawati Dharmawati 
Published: August 2020

This descriptive qualitative research deals with classroom interaction in teaching English for mechanical engineering students. This research aims at finding out and describing the classroom interaction of mechanical engineering class at Universitas Harapan Medan. The purpose of this study is to figure out the patterns of classroom interaction in English teaching learning process for mechanical engineering class. The methods used in collecting data were observation and interview. The data were in the form of words, clauses, and sentences that carried out by video, and in-depth interview transcripts. The participants were an English lecturer and twenty two mechanical engineering students. The technique of data analysis used data collection, data diplay and drawing conclusion. The result of this research was dominated by the interaction between the teacher and students. The percentage of using English between lecturer and students’ interaction is 40 %. It happened because the students had difficult to respon the lecturer’s question in English.
Assessing Students’ Ability in Writing Argumentative Essay at SMAN 1 Soe Kab. Timur Tengah Selatan NTT
Authors: Liunokas Yanpitherszon 
Published: August 2020

This research aims at finding out the students’ ability in writing argumentative essay at SMAN 1 Soe Kab. Timur Tengah Selatan NTT. The researcher will focus on evaluating the students’ writing ability in one aspect of writing namely mechanics. The researcher applied quantitative method and descriptive analysis design. The research was conducted in August 2017. This research was conducted at SMAN 1 Soe Kabupaten Timur Tengah Selatan NTT.. The population of this research was the eleventh grade students at SMAN 1 Soe Kabupaten Timur Tengah Selatan NTT in the 2018/2019 academic year. The number of population is 142 in four classes. The researcher took 5 students from each class as the sample of the research. Therefore, there were 20 students as sample. The test was used to find out the students’ ability in writing argumentative essay. In collecting data, the researcher asked the students to write an argumentative essay by choosing one of the give topics. To analyze the data, the researcher focused on evaluating the students’ writing in mechanics criteria. The result of the research shows that the students still have low ability in using mechanics in writing argumentative essay. The mean score of students is 2.45. In the students’ writing, most of the students got problem in: (1) The use of capital in the beginning of a sentence. Many of students still use small letter when they write the first letter in the beginning of a paragraph. (2)The students still use some capital letter in the middle of sentences. They write with capital letter in not appropriate position. (3) Some students still do not understand about the use of comma and point in a sentence.
Semiotic Analysis in Instagram Logo
Authors: Tandi Payuk Eva Eriva , Zakrimal Zakrimal 
Published: August 2020

This article investigated about semiotic that found in instagram logo. This article used Instagram, because many people nowadays used Instagram to express their selves. The aim of this study was to find out the connotative and denotative meaning through the instagram. The researcher used John theory to reveal this study. In this research, the researcher applied the qualitative descriptive method. The method of collecting data was observation. The object of this research was the instagram logo. The result is there are twelve data that has meaning from different logo on Instagram. They all have different functions based on the logo. The conclusion is Instagram as a social media app that allows users to share photos and videos, add captions, edit filters, engage with others, and explore the world by using this application.
Illocutionary Act in Anger Management Movie
Authors: Situmorang Feky Ega , Handayani Nurma Dhona 
Published: August 2020

The purpose of the research was to find out the types of illocutionary act on Anger Management movie written by David Dorfmann. The data of this reserach were taken through observational method. The technic of the research used non-participatory. It was a descriptive qualitative research. The data analyzed used the theory of Searle and Austin. The result of this research there were 20 data utterances of illocutionary acts. The data was 8 showed directives, 1 showed assertives, 2showed commisive, 5showed declarative, 4and showed expressive. The data were consisted of five types: directives, assertives, commisives, declarative, and expressives. From all the data, the most used type of illocutionary acts was data for directive. The reason was because some people wanted to describe their feeling through their expression and people also liked to asked people not to do or do something by using directive illocutionary act.
Ensino do processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos para transplante na graduação em enfermagem: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: De Figueiredo Júnior Adilson Mendes , Lopes Filipe Pinto , De Jesus Lorena Matos , Santa Brigida Glaucilene Viana , De Sousa Giovanna Farias , Boulhosa Margarete Feio , De Sousa Yasmin Martins , Pinheiro Edeiza Priscila de Souza , Do Nascimento Jussivan Oliveira , Gomes Rafaela Pereira 
Published: August 2020

Esse artigo buscou analisar na literatura as evidências atuais sobre o ensino dos graduandos de enfermagem a respeito do processo de doação de órgãos e tecidos para transplante. Realizada por meio de uma Revisão Integrativa, cujas bases de referências bibliográficas foram: Lilacs, Scielo e BDENF. A busca foi guiada por DeCS, com delineamento temporal de 2010 até 2015. Os resultados são apresentados em tabelas e quadros seguidos de informações pertinentes ao assunto. Houve um achado total de 23 estudos, dos quais 03 apresentaram-se repetidos em mais de um local, sendo alocados à base de dados que agrupava mais artigos. Assim, das 20 publicações elencadas, 09 abordavam o tema proposto e foram selecionadas para compor este estudo. A pesquisa aponta que o ensino na graduação do Curso de Enfermagem não permite um olhar amplo sobre a temática doação de órgãos e tecidos para transplante. Parte-se do princípio de que os enfermeiros, para prestar uma assistência otimizada ao paciente em ME, às famílias do doador e aos trâmites que permeiam a doação de órgãos, necessitam, sobretudo, de uma abordagem holística na graduação.
WHY SHOULD THEY BE MIGRANT LABOUR?
Authors: Masyhuri Mohammad Ali , Wibowo Bambang Sri , Suprihandari Miya Dewi 
Published: August 2020

There are sources which are needed by a nation, we can say human resource and natural resource. Human resources are one of the important sources for a nation for its growth, instead of natural source. But, still, there are people who have gone to different countries to get a better life for their future as they have said or there are still unemployees number stated. This is only the writer's side of view about the human resources which have a high contribution to the growth of a nation. A nation as a great organization needs to handle its human resources to make it great in many ways of life of the global era nowadays. Human resource management will be needed here and will make many policies to handle this source instead of natural sources. If a nation doesnâ€™t make any policies to handle to empower, to strengthen them to be great manpower who will conquer every competition of this global era. A fact that we have seen much nowadays is being an entrepreneur. Many young generations started to get settled by doing business that brought much youth too to be hired as part-timers or full-timers, that is really great scene of our youth nowadays (www.businessdictionary.com). They tried to be on their own, they opened their mind not always to be an employee who always got monthly income, so they donâ€™t have to think too much about their life. For those youth, being an entrepreneur is a challenge, they will make other people see that they are able to stand on their own feet. Being an entrepreneur would give them a lesson about human resource management too by doing, and it would teach them more about running and manage their own business, instead of knowing that they could get by reading, listen, and watching from their schools, university, and courses
SENTUHAN KEPADA LANSIA MELALUI PROGRAM PERMAKANAN DI KELURAHAN GEBANG PUTIH, KECAMATAN SUKOLILO, SURABAYA
Authors: Widyastuti Maria , Dimalouw Jefri Eriks 
Published: August 2020

Surabaya City government implements article 34 paragraph 1 CONSTITUTION 1945 with Food program, which is given to the underprivileged community. The food Program started in 2012, the number of food recipients in 2019 has reached 35,414 people. Details, elderly and pre-elderly 20,000 people, orphans, orphans and orphans as many as 6,000 children, as well as a disability of 9,414 people. In Kelurahan Gebang Putih There are 84 food recipients who all consist of the elderly. The food program is very helpful to the elderly to fulfill the needs of primary food, but as good as the program, still leave some issues, among others: the food served is less liked by the recipient because of the physical condition and age, many places to eat the edges are broken and often disappear and food sanitation is less hyginical. To solve the problem: it should be often conducted a meeting between the Dinsos and a food provider who is directly faced with the recipient of the meal so that all issues will be quickly addressed according to the authority.