bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un enfoque actual sobre la fibrotomía como terapia para evitar recidiva en los tratamientos de ortodoncia. Una revisión
Authors: Anaya Espinoza Sven Mario 
Published: December 2019

Esta investigación se basa en la revisión de un tratamiento coadyuvante a la contención fija o removible postratamiento de ortodoncia para reducir la recidiva. La recidiva postratamiento de ortodoncia es un problema frecuente sobre todo en pacientes que tuvieron las piezas dentarias muy giradas o inclinadas, incluso en pacientes portadores de aparatos de contención fija o removible. Actualmente, se consideran a las fibras transeptales como causantes de las recidivas, especialmente las oxitalánicas por la posición que adoptan desde la unión cemento-adamantina de un diente hasta la misma unión del diente contiguo pasando sobre la cresta alveolar y por sus características elásticas. La fibrotomía circunferencial supracrestal (FCS) surge como una terapia coadyuvante para reducir las tasas de recidivas postratamiento de ortodoncia. El objetivo de la presente revisión de la literatura es describir el enfoque actual sobre la fibrotomía como terapia eficiente y estable a largo plazo para evitar la recidiva en los tratamientos de ortodoncia. La técnica quirúrgica no ha sufrido variaciones, pero sí han surgido autores que buscan realizar la FCS con diferentes instrumentos, tales como la electrocirugía y el láser de diodos de baja intensidad. A largo plazo, no existen diferencias significativas entre los diferentes instrumentos utilizados para la FCS comparados con la convencional, pero sí existen diferencias significativas entre realizar la FCS y no realizarla. La FCS es una terapia eficiente y estable sin importar el instrumento utilizado.
Salivary proteome profile of women during fertile phase of menstrual cycle as characterized by mass spectrometry
Authors: Saibaba Ganesan , Rajesh Durairaj , Muthukumar Subramanian , Sathiyanarayanan Ganesan , Aarthy Archunan Priya , Padmanabhan Parasuraman , Gulyas Balazs , Akbarsha Mohammad Abdulkader , Archunan Govindaraju 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Human saliva contains several biomolecules, especially proteins, some of which have been found to serve as biomarkers of different physiological statuses and/or pathological conditions. Saliva is a much superior biological material for investigation over the other body fluids. Ovulation is such a critical physiological process that its non-invasive detection based on salivary protein biomarkers has several advantages in the human. Therefore, it was hypothesized that saliva would potentially contain non-invasive predictor(s)/detector(s) of ovulation. Methods: Samples were collected from women volunteers. The procedure adopted was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee (DM/2014/101/38), Bharathidasan University. The saliva samples were collected between 8.00 to 9.00 AM from 30 healthy female volunteers (age, mean = 24, range = 19 - 30), with a prior written consent. The protein expression pattern during different phases of menstrual cycle was analyzed using gel-based HR-LC-MS/MS and MALDI TOF/TOF. Results: As many as 530 proteins showed up in the saliva during ovulation phase whereas there were only 251 proteins during post-ovulation phase. The functional annotation of salivary proteins revealed that the proteins got assigned to the class of “extracellular proteins” which are concerned with regulatory functions. The 16 unique/differentially expressed protein spots appeared during ovulation phase, among which Cystatin-S, Prolactin-inducible protein, Cystatin-A, Cystatin-SN, BPI fold-containing family A member 2, Alpha-tubulin N-acetyltransferase 1, Carbonic anhydrase-6, Protein LEG1 homolog, Hemoglobin subunit beta, Pancreatic alpha-amylase were identified. Conclusions: These ten proteins that were highly expressed during ovulation phase would serve as indicator(s) of ovulation, but extensive validation is required before arriving at a conclusion.
Factors affecting beneficiary attendance in a community youth mental health promotion program in Karnataka, India.
Authors: Banandur Pradeep , Garady Lavanya , Arelingaiah Mutharaju , Gopalkrishna Gururaj , Koujageri Jyoti M , Sajjanar Sateesh L , Hadapad Basavaraj , K Srinivas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Context: Yuva Spandana is a unique community based Youth Mental Health Promotion program implemented across Karnataka. This program provides mental health promotion services like guidance and referral services for any issues related to youth. These services are provided through Youth Guidance centres established within every district stadium across Karnataka. We assessed factors affecting beneficiary attendance to these guidance centres across Karnataka. Methodology: A conceptual framework was developed to understand the factors affecting beneficiary attendance through stakeholder consultation. First time beneficiaries attending guidance centres between 1st January 2017 and 31st December 2018 across 30 districts of Karnataka were considered study subjects. Requisite data were drawn from the computerized management information system (CMIS) specifically developed for the program. Multivariate Linear Regression was performed with factors affecting beneficiary attendance as outcome and a host of hypothesized variables within the conceptual framework as potential exposures that contribute towards beneficiary attendance. All variables significantly associated with outcome (p<0.10) in univariate and which changed the β-coefficient of atleast one preceding variable by 10% was retained in the multivariate model. Results: For every sensitization program where more than one issue was addressed, the beneficiary attendance increased by 84% (β =0.84; 95% CI=0.53-1.15). Reaching out to parent beneficiaries through sensitisation programs, increased beneficiary attendance at YSK by 79% (β =0.79; 95% CI=0.20-1.37). Referring clients to resource mapped organisations, significantly increased beneficiary attendance by 81% (β =0.81; 95% CI=0.34-1.28). For every percentage increase in reminder calls made to probable beneficiaries who sought support following a sensitization programme, beneficiary attendance increased by 2.18 times (β =2.18; 95% CI=0.52-3.83).Availability of internet connectivity at these guidance centres in 2017, increased beneficiary attendance by 18 times (β =18.00; 95% CI=5.86-30.13). Conclusion: This study provides important inputs towards increasing beneficiary attendance towards large scale youth mental health promotion programs. Addressing more than one issue during sensitisation programs among beneficiaries; conducting sensitization programs among parent groups; making reminder calls to beneficiaries who requested support through feedback forms to fix appointment at guidance centres; providing referrals to beneficiaries to seek services at resource mapped individuals/organizations and ensuring availability of internet in guidance centres increases beneficiary attendance.
A univariable and multivariable analysis of time-to-event data based on restricted mean survival time: A combination with traditional survival methods.
Authors: Huang Qiao , Lyv Jun , Li Bing-hui , Ma Lin-lu , Deng Tong , Zeng Xian-Tao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Hazard ratio is considered as an appropriate effect measure of time-to-event data. However, hazard ratio is only valid when proportional hazards (PH) assumption is met. The use of the restricted mean survival time (RMST) is proposed and recommended without limitation of PH assumption. Method 4405 osteosarcomas were captured from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program Database. Traditional survival analyses and RMST-based analyses were integrated into a flowchart and applied for univariable and multivariable analyses, using hazard ratio (HR) and difference in RMST (survival time lost or gain, STL or STG) as effect measures. The relationship between difference in RMST and HR were explored when PH assumption was and was not met, respectively. Results In univariable analyses, using difference in RMST calculated by Kaplan-Meier methods as reference, pseudo-value regressions (R2=0.99) and inverse probability of censoring probability (IPCW) regressions with group-specific weights (R2=1.00) provided more consistent estimation on difference in RMST than IPCW with individual weights (R2=0.09). In multivariable analysis, age (HR:1.03, STL: 3.86 months), diagnosis in 1970~1980s (HR:1.39 STL:27.49 months), metastasis (HR:4.47, STL: 202 months), surgery (HR:0.58, SLG:35.55 months) and radiation (HR:1.46, SLT:44.65 months), met PH assumption and were main independent factors for overall survival. In both univariable and multivariable variables, a robust negative logarithmic linear relationship between HRs estimated by Cox regression and differences in RMST by pseudo-value regressions was only observed when PH assumption was hold (Difference in RMST = -109.3✕ln (HR) - 0.83, R² = 0.97, and Difference = -127.7✕ln (HR) – 9.49, R² = 0.93, respectively.) Conclusion The flowchart will be intuitive and helpful to instruct appropriate use of RMST based and traditional methods. RMST-based methods provided an absolute effect measure to inspect effects of covariates on survival time and promote evidence communication with HR. Difference in RMST should be reported with hazard ratio routinely.
Tongue fissure visualization by using deep learning – an example of the application of artificial intelligence in traditional medicine
Authors: Chang Wen-Hsien , Wu Han-Kuei , Lo Lun-chien , Hsiao William W. L. , Chu Hsueh-Ting , Chang Hen-Hong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) describes physiological and pathological changes inside and outside the human body by the application of four methods of diagnosis. One of the four methods, tongue diagnosis, is widely used by TCM physicians, since it allows direct observations that prevent discrepancies in the patient’s history and, as such, provides clinically important, objective evidence. The clinical significance of tongue features has been explored in both TCM and modern medicine. However, TCM physicians may have different interpretations of the features displayed by the same tongue, and therefore intra- and inter-observer agreements are relatively low. If an automated interpretation system could be developed, more consistent results could be obtained, and learning could also be more efficient. This study will apply a recently developed deep learning method to the classification of tongue features, and indicate the regions where the features are located. Methods A large number of tongue photographs with labeled fissures were used. Transfer learning was conducted using the ImageNet-pretrained ResNet50 model to determine whether tongue fissures were identified on a tongue photograph. Often, the neural network model lacks interpretability, and users cannot understand how the model determines the presence of tongue fissures. Therefore, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was also applied to directly mark the tongue features on the tongue image. Results Only 6 epochs were trained in this study and no graphics processing units (GPUs) were used. It took less than 4 minutes for each epoch to be trained. The correct rate for the test set was approximately 70%. After the model training was completed, Grad-CAM was applied to localize tongue fissures in each image. The neural network model not only determined whether tongue fissures existed, but also allowed users to learn about the tongue fissure regions. Conclusions This study demonstrated how to apply transfer learning using the ImageNet-pretrained ResNet50 model for the identification and localization of tongue fissures and regions. The neural network model built in this study provided interpretability and intuitiveness, (often lacking in general neural network models), and improved the feasibility for clinical application.
The impact of protein supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, soreness and fatigue following prolonged walking exercise in older adults a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Haaf Dominique ten , Bongers Coen C.W.G. , Hulshof Hugo G. , Eijsvogels Thijs M.H. , Hopman Maria T.E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Protein supplementation can enhance recovery of exercise-induced muscle damage in young adults. It is currently unknown whether this could be extrapolated to older adults who have a disturbed muscle protein synthetic response. The aim of this study was to assess whether protein supplementation could attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness after prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise in older adults.Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study, 104 participants (81% male, BMI: 26.5±2.5 kg/m 2 ) of 65 years or older used either a protein (n=50) or placebo supplement (n=54) during breakfast and directly after exercise cessation. Study participants walked 30/40/50 km per day on 3 consecutive days. Muscle soreness and fatigue were determined at baseline, and after the 1 st and 3 rd exercise day with a numeric rating scale. Blood samples, to measure plasma creatine kinase (CK) concentrations and serum inflammation markers, were obtained at baseline (pre-exercise), and after the 1 st and 3 rd exercise day.Results Habitual protein intake was comparable between the protein (0.92±0.27 g/kg/d) and placebo group (0.97±0.23 g/kg/d, P= 0.31). At baseline, comparable CK concentrations were found between the protein and the placebo group (110 (IQR: 84–160 U/L) and 115 (IQR: 91–186 U/L), respectively, P= 0.84). Prolonged walking (protein: 32±9 km/d, placebo: 33±6 km/d) resulted in a cumulative increase of CK in both the protein (∆283 (IQR: 182–662 U/L)) and placebo group (∆456 (IQR: 209–885 U/L)) after three days. CK elevations were not significantly different between groups ( P= 0.43). Similarly, no differences in inflammation markers, muscle soreness and fatigue were found between groups.Conclusions In contrast to findings in young adults, protein supplementation does not attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage, muscle soreness or fatigue in older adults performing prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise.
Direct swim-up without centrifugation is a more recommended technique for sperm preparation in conventional IVF cycles
Authors: Lu Fang-Ting , Jin Ren-Tao , Xu Bo , Wu Li-Min , Zhou Na-Ru , Li Jing-Yao , Luan Hong-Bing , Liu Yu-Sheng , Tong Xian-Hong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Backgroud: The aim of this study is to investigate the most effective and maneuverable technique for sperm preparation in conventional IVF cycles. Method: A retrospective and laboratory-based study was conducted in patients who underwent their first cycle of IVF from January to December in 2016 to compare two sperm preparation techniques: direct swim-up without centrifugation (DSU) technique and density-gradient centrifugation followed by swim-up (DGC-SU) technique. A series of experiments in this study was designed to evaluate the efficiency of these two techniques which include: (i) assessment of quality and quantity of spermatozoa by comparing motility, DNA fragmentation index (DFI), acrosomal reaction (AR) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of DSU-separated sperm to DGC-SU-separated sperm, (ii) evaluation of safety of DSU technique by assessing the risks of bacterial contamination, (iii) analysis of feasibility of replacing DGC-SU with DSU technique by reviewing ART outcomes including fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, take-home baby rate and abortion rate. Results: Although there were no significant differences in DFI, AR and MMP between DSU-separated sperm and DGC-SU-separated sperm, significantly higher percentage of progressive motility in DSU-separated sperm were found than that in DGC-SU-separated sperm. Moreover, there were no significant differences between DSU and DGC-SU groups on ART outcomes based on data of fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, baby delivery rate and abortion rate. In addition, no bacterial contaminations were found in culture medium samples of simulating fertilization from DSU group. However, it is noticeable that DSU technique required less time and labor for sperm preparation compared with DGC-SU.
Current situation of the presence of the zoonotic nematode Dirofilaria immitis in dogs and humans in Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Esteban-Mendoza M.Victoria , Arcila-Quiceno Víctor , Albarracín-Navas J. , Hernández Isabel , Alarcón C. Flechas , Morchón Rodrigo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Cardiopulmonary dirofilariosis caused by Dirofilaria immitis is a zoonotic, vector-borne infection, whose main hosts are both domestic and wild canids and which can be transmitted to humans. It mainly occurs in tropical and subtropical climates, and temperature and humidity are the main factors that favor the presence and proliferation of Culicidae mosquitoes. There have been few reports of this disease in dogs and humans in Colombia, a region with favorable climatic conditions for the development of this disease. Therefore, this research aimed to study its current prevalence in dogs and the risk of human exposure to the disease in Bucaramanga, one of the most populated areas in Colombia located at the center of the country. Furthermore, its demographic and environmental characteristics could be useful as a study model for other similar locations and neighboring countries. Method: Serum samples from 351 dogs and 506 humans from the Bucaramanga metropolitan area were analyzed. All dog samples were tested with a commercial immunochromatographic test kit to detect the presence of circulating antigens of D. immitis. Human samples were analyzed using a non-commercial ELISA test kit to detect IgG against the somatic antigens of adult D. immitis and Wolbachia. Positive results were further confirmed using a Western blot analysis. Results: Dirofilaria immitis prevalence was 10.82% (95% CI) in dogs and 5.12% (95% CI) in microfilaremic dogs. Seroprevalence in humans was 6.71% (95% CI) and was significantly higher in individuals aged 16–34 years and in women than in men. Conclusions: This study describes seropositivity to D. immitis for the first time in a Colombian human population located in the same area as that of dogs infected with D. immitis, which represents a potential threat to public health. In humans, age and sex can be considered risk factors for exposure to D. immitis.
Identifying Chagas disease vectors using Elliptic Fourier Descriptors of body contour: A case for the cryptic dimidiata complex
Authors: Flores Daryl David Cruz , Arenas Elizabeth Arellano , Ávila Dennis Denis , Ibarra-Cerdeña Carlos N. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Triatoma dimidiata (Reduviidae: Triatominae) is an important vector of Chagas disease in various countries in the Americas. Phylogenetic studies have defined three lineages in Mexico and part of Central America, but methods for identifying them using morphometric analyses with landmarks have not yet been resolved. Elliptical Fourier Descriptors (EFDs), which mathematically describe the shape of any closed two-dimensional contour, could be a potentially useful alternative method. The objective of this work was to validate the use of EFDs for the identification of the three lineages of this species complex.Method A total of 84 dorsal view photographs of individuals of the three lineages were used. The body contours were described with EFDs using between 5 and 30 harmonics. The number of obtained coefficients was reduced by a Principal Components Analysis and the first axis scores were used as shape variables. A Canonical Variances Analysis, a linear discriminant function analysis and a multilayer perceptron neural networks were then performed using the shape variables, identifying the minimum number of harmonics sufficient to produce efficiently classifications.Results The first principal component explained 50% of the variability, regardless of the number of harmonics used, but the results of both, Principal Component Analysis and Canonical Variance Analysis get improved by increasing the number of harmonics and components considered. With 25 harmonics and 8 components, the identification of haplogroups was achieved with an overall efficiency greater than 97%. The 30 multilayer perceptron neural networks were also efficient in identification, reaching 91% efficiency with the validation data.Conclusions The use of EFDs is a simple and useful method for the identification of major lineages of Triatoma dimidiata. This method outperform other novel approaches, therefore could serve as an automated identification method.
Genome-wide identification and evolutionary and expression analysis of the wheat amino acid transporter, an important gene family involved in abiotic stresses
Authors: Tian Ruizheng , Yang Yang , Chen Maohua 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Amino acid transporters (AATs), which transport amino acids across cellular membranes, play important roles in alleviating plant damage under stresses as well as in plant growth and development. Although this family has been systematically studied in many plant species, little is known about the AAT genes in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) due to its complex genome sequence. Results: In this study, a total of 296 AAT genes were identified from the latest wheat genome sequence (IWGSC v1.1) and classified into twelve distinct subfamilies based upon their sequence composition and phylogenetic relationship. Wheat AAT family members showed significant heterogeneity in chromosome distribution, with relatively high density in specific chromosomal regions. Comparison the number variation of gene copies and transmembrane regions of AAT genes in different sub-genome showed that the functional adaptation of the wheat AAT family during wheat polyploidization was driven mainly by sequence mutations rather than copy number variation. In addition, it was confirmed that changes in gene structure and protein conserved domains played important roles in the functional differentiation of the AAT family. Finally, the expression profiles of these TaAAT genes under heat, drought and salt stress and in the development stage of wheat showed that the expression of TaAATs exhibited abundant and distinct expression patterns under different abiotic stresses or in different tissues, and several important candidate AAT genes that may affect abiotic stress response and grain quality were also identified. Conclusions : In this study, a total of 297 AAT proteins were systematically identified and characterized. Our study highlighted the important roles of gene duplication events in the expansion and functional differentiation of the wheat AAT family. The expression profiles of TaAATs revealed their importance for the grain development of wheat and their response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Our study also provided a theoretical basis for the further functional identification and utilization of the AAT gene family in wheat or other crops.