bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Storage and Evolution of Laguna del Maule Rhyolites: Insight From Volatile and Trace Element Contents in Melt Inclusions
Authors: Klug Jacob D. , Singer Brad S. , Kita Noriko T. , Spicuzza Michael J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInterpreting unrest at silicic volcanoes requires knowledge of the magma storage conditions and dynamics that precede eruptions. The Laguna del Maule volcanic field, Chile, has erupted ~40 km3 of rhyolite over the last 20 ka. Astonishing rates of sustained surface inflation at >25 cm/year for >12 years reveal a large, restless system. Integration of geochronologic, petrologic, geomorphic, and geophysical observations provides an unusually rich context to interpret ongoing and prehistoric processes. We present new volatile (H2O, CO2, S, F, and Cl), trace element, and major element concentrations from 109 melt inclusions hosted in quartz, plagioclase, and olivine from seven eruptions. Silicic melts contain up to 8.0 wt. % H2O and 570 ppm CO2. In rhyolites melt inclusions track decompression‐driven fractional crystallization as magma ascended from ~14 to 4 km. This mirrors teleseismic tomography and magnetotelluric findings that reveal a domain containing partial melt spanning from 14 to 4 km. Ce and Cl contents of rhyolites support the generation of compositionally distinct domains of eruptible rhyolite within the larger reservoir. Heat, volatiles, and melt derived from episodic mafic recharge likely incubate and grow the shallow reservoir. Olivine‐hosted melt inclusions in mafic tephra contain up to 2.5 wt. % H2O and 1,140 ppm CO2 and proxy for the volatile load delivered via recharge into the base of the silicic mush at ~14 to 8 km. We propose that mafic recharge flushes deeper reaches of the magma reservoir with CO2 that propels H2O exsolution, upward accumulation of fluid, pressurization, and triggering of rhyolitic eruptions.
The Electrical Conductivity of Liebermannite: Implications for Water Transport Into the Earth's Lower Mantle
Authors: Manthilake Geeth , Schiavi Federica , Zhao Chengcheng , Mookherjee Mainak , Bouhifd Mohamed Ali , Jouffret Laurent 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLiebermannite (KAlSi3O8) is a principal mineral phase expected to be thermodynamically stable in deeply subducted continental and oceanic crusts. The crystal structure of liebermannite exhibits tunnels that are formed between the assemblies of double chains of edge‐sharing (Si, Al) O6 octahedral units, which act as a repository for large incompatible alkali ions. In this study, we investigate the electrical conductivity of liebermannite at 12, 15, and 24 GPa and temperature of 1500 K to track subduction pathways of continental sediments into the Earth's lower mantle. Further, we looked at whether liebermannite could sequester incompatible H2O at deep mantle conditions. We observe that the superionic conductivity of liebermannite due to the thermally activated hopping of K+ ions results in high electrical conductivity of more than 1 S/m. Infrared spectral features of hydrous liebermannite indicate the presence of both molecular H2O and hydroxyl (OH−) groups in its crystal structure. The observed high electrical conductivity in the mantle transition zone beneath Northeastern China and the lower mantle beneath the Philippine Sea can be attributed to the subduction pathways of continental sediments deep into the Earth's mantle. While major mineral phases in pyrolitic compositions are almost devoid of H2O under lower mantle conditions, our study demonstrates that liebermannite could be an important host of H2O in these conditions. We propose that the relatively high H2O contents of ocean island basalts derived from deep mantle plumes are primarily related to deeply subducted continental sediments, in which liebermannite is the principal H2O carrier.
Source Versus Recycling Influences on the Isotopic Composition of Nitrate and Nitrite in the East China Sea
Authors: Liu Su Mei , Ning Xiaoyan , Dong Shuhang , Song Guodong , Wang Lingyan , Altabet Mark A. , Zhu Zhuoyi , Wu Ying , Ren Jing Ling , Liu Cheng Gang , Zhang Jing , Huang Daji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNitrogen transfer processes and NO3− sources in the East China Sea (ECS) were analyzed using dual isotopes of NO3− and NO2−, the concentration and isotopes of dissolved O2 and N2 gases, nutrient concentrations, and the hydrological conditions. It was clear that the δ15N and δ18O values of NO3− in the Changjiang freshwater were 5.6–6.6‰ and 0.6–1.0‰, respectively, affected by human activities (fertilizer, sewage, and manure) and nitrification. Off the Changjiang Estuary to the ECS continental slope, the NO3− concentration was lower or exhausted in the upper water layers, where both available δ15N and δ18O values for NO3− were high related to phytoplankton assimilation. In the lower water layers, organic matter remineralization, nitrification, and coupled sedimentary nitrification and denitrification resulted in low NO3− isotope values. Moreover, in the upper water layers of the ECS continental slope, NO3− showed high δ15N and δ18O values and low Δ(15, 18) values affected by assimilation, nitrification, and N2 fixation. NO2− in the ECS was dominated by NH4+ oxidation, and NO2− oxidation plays an important role in depleting NO2− in δ15N values. An overall NO3− budget is built for the ECS shelf, indicating that open boundary exchanges of NO3− flux and isotopes through Kuroshio invasion and Taiwan Warm Current Water are comparable to outflow off the ECS shelf, and nitrogen transformation processes (such as NO3− assimilation and nitrification) play an important role in nitrogen cycle, and NO3− is modified on the ECS shelf.
3‐D Massive MIMO Channel Model for High‐Speed Railway Wireless Communication
Authors: Liao Chengjian , Xu Kui , Xie Wei , Xia Xiaochen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication, high‐speed railway (HSR) communication is one of the most challenging scenarios. By adopting massive multi‐input multioutput (mMIMO) technology in HSR communication, the design of the underlying communication system becomes more challenging. Some new channel characteristics must be studied, such as nonstationarity in space, time, and frequency domains. In this paper, two models are established for the two states of HSR. When the HSR stops, a three‐dimensional (3‐D) stationary channel model based on the single‐ring distribution of the scatterers is established. When the HSR moves, a 3‐D nonstationary geometric random channel model (GRCM) based on the cylinder distribution of the scatterers by introducing the birth and death process of the propagation path and time‐varying characteristics of the channel parameters is established. Moreover, a time evolution algorithm for time‐varying channel parameters is proposed, and a modularization study of key parameter update algorithms is conducted. Finally, based on the proposed 3‐D nonstationary geometric random channel model, important time‐varying channel statistical characteristics, such as time autocorrelation function (ACF), spatial cross‐correlation function (CCF), Doppler power spectral density (DPSD), and stationary interval are studied. Simulation results indicate that the properties of the proposed channel models, verified by simulation results, can match well with those of the theoretical model.
Cortical signatures in behaviorally clustered autistic traits subgroups: a population-based study
Authors: Mihailov Angeline , Philippe Cathy , Gloaguen Arnaud , Grigis Antoine , Laidi Charles , Piguet Camille , Houenou Josselin , Frouin Vincent 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExtensive heterogeneity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has hindered the characterization of consistent biomarkers, which has led to widespread negative results. Isolating homogenized subtypes could provide insight into underlying biological mechanisms and an overall better understanding of ASD. A total of 1093 participants from the population-based “Healthy Brain Network” cohort (Child Mind Institute in the New York City area, USA) were selected based on score availability in behaviors relevant to ASD, aged 6–18 and IQ >= 70. All participants underwent an unsupervised clustering analysis on behavioral dimensions to reveal subgroups with ASD traits, identified by the presence of social deficits. Analysis revealed three socially impaired ASD traits subgroups: (1) high in emotionally dysfunctional traits, (2) high in ADHD-like traits, and (3) high in anxiety and depressive symptoms. 527 subjects had good quality structural MRI T1 data. Site effects on cortical features were adjusted using the ComBat method. Neuroimaging analyses compared cortical thickness, gyrification, and surface area, and were controlled for age, gender, and IQ, and corrected for multiple comparisons. Structural neuroimaging analyses contrasting one combined heterogeneous ASD traits group against controls did not yield any significant differences. Unique cortical signatures, however, were observed within each of the three individual ASD traits subgroups versus controls. These observations provide evidence of ASD traits subtypes, and confirm the necessity of applying dimensional approaches to extract meaningful differences, thus reducing heterogeneity and paving the way to better understanding ASD traits.
Assessing Functional Language in School-Aged Children Using Language Sample Analysis
Authors: Heilmann John , Tucci Alexander , Plante Elena , Miller Jon F. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The goal of this clinical focus article is to illustrate how speech-language pathologists can document the functional language of school-age children using language sample analysis (LSA). Advances in computer hardware and software are detailed making LSA more accessible for clinical use.

Method
This clinical focus article illustrates how documenting school-age student's communicative functioning is central to comprehensive assessment and how using LSA can meet multiple needs within this assessment. LSA can document students' meaningful participation in their daily life through assessment of their language used during everyday tasks. The many advances in computerized LSA are detailed with a primary focus on the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (Miller & Iglesias, 2019). The LSA process is reviewed detailing the steps necessary for computers to calculate word, morpheme, utterance, and discourse features of functional language.

Conclusion
These advances in computer technology and software development have made LSA clinically feasible through standardized elicitation and transcription methods that improve accuracy and repeatability. In addition to improved accuracy, validity, and reliability of LSA, databases of typical speakers to document status and automated report writing more than justify the time required. Software now provides many innovations that make LSA simpler and more accessible for clinical use.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12456719
Preflare very long-periodic pulsations observed in Hα emission before the onset of a solar flare
Authors: Li Dong , Feng Song , Su Wei , Huang Yu 
Published: June 2020

Context. Very long-periodic pulsations during preflare phases (preflare-VLPs) have been detected in the full-disk solar soft X-ray (SXR) flux. They may be regarded as precursors to solar flares and may help us better understand the trigger mechanism of solar flares.
Aims. In this Letter, we report a preflare-VLP event prior to the onset of an M1.1 circular-ribbon flare on 2015 October 16. It was simultaneously observed in Hα, SXR, and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths.
Methods. The SXR fluxes in 1−8 Å and 1−70 Å were recorded by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment, respectively; the light curves in Hα and EUV 211 Å were integrated over a small local region, which were measured by the 1 m New Vacuum Solar Telescope and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), respectively. The preflare-VLP is identified as the repeat and quasi-periodic pulses in light curves during preflare phase. The quasi-periodicity can be determined from the Fourier power spectrum with Markov chain Monte Carlo-based Bayesian.
Results. Seven well-developed pulses are found before the onset of an M1.1 circular-ribbon flare. They are firstly seen in the local light curve in Hα emission and then discovered in full-disk SXR fluxes in GOES 1−8 Å and ESP 1−70 Å, as well as the local light curve in AIA 211 Å. These well-developed pulses can be regarded as the preflare-VLP, which might be modulated by LRC-circuit oscillation in the current-carrying plasma loop. The quasi-period is estimated to be ∼9.3 min.
Conclusions. We present the first report of a preflare-VLP event in the local Hα line and EUV wavelength, which could be considered a precursor of a solar flare. This finding should therefore prove useful for the prediction of solar flares, especially for powerful flares.
Plazentalokalisationen in aufeinanderfolgenden Schwangerschaften – eine retrospektive Kohortenstudie
Authors: Egli Corina , Kimmich Nina , Zimmermann Roland , Kreft Martina 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einführung Die Plazentalokalisation ist mit Risiken
während einer Schwangerschaft (SS) und Geburt assoziiert. Kenntnisse
über die Lage der Plazenta ermöglichen eine auf Risikofaktoren
angepasste weitere Betreuung der SS. Verschiedene Studien beschreiben ein
höheres Risiko für eine wiederholte Plazenta prävia,
gleichartige Daten zu anderen Plazentalokalisationen fehlen. Ziel dieser Studie
war es, die Häufigkeitsverteilung der verschiedenen
Plazentalokalisationen zu evaluieren und Korrelationen zwischen
Plazentalokalisationen in aufeinanderfolgenden SS zu analysieren.
Material und Methodik In einer retrospektiven Kohortenstudie wurden
Frauen mit Einlings-SS ≥ 24+0 Schwangerschaftswochen (SSW),
mindestens 1 Ultraschalluntersuchung zur Identifikation der Plazentalokalisation
sowie Geburt ihres Erstgeborenen und mindestens eines direkt
aufeinanderfolgenden Kindes in unserer Klinik zwischen 2007 und 2016 analysiert.
Ausschlusskriterien waren Mehrlingsschwangerschaften,
Aborte/intrauteriner Fruchttod/Frühgeburten
<24+0 SSW.
Resultate Unter 1657 Frauen befand sich die Plazenta am
häufigsten anterior gefolgt von posterior, fundal, lateral und dann als
prävia. Es zeigten sich keine statistisch signifikanten Korrelationen
bezüglich der Plazentalokalisationen in aufeinanderfolgenden SS und kein
signifikanter Einfluss einer vorangegangen Curettage oder Sectio.
Konklusion Die Plazentalokalisation scheint nicht durch den Plazentasitz
in der vorherigen Schwangerschaft beeinflusst zu werden. Daher kann keine
Prognose hinsichtlich der Plazentalokalisation in aufeinanderfolgenden
Schwangerschaften gestellt werden.
Mean Platelet Volume is Affected in Term Fetuses with Intrauterine
Growth Restriction
Authors: Buyuk Gul Nihal , Oskovi-Kaplan Z.Asli , Oksuzoglu Aysegul , Keskin H.Levent 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives The aim of our study was to analyze the mean platelet volume
levels as a potential marker of altered placentation in intrauterine growth
restriction (IUGR) cases.
Methods A total of 126 term singleton pregnant women with IUGR fetuses
and 345 healthy pregnant controls were recruited and compared.
Results The mean platelet volume was significantly higher in the IUGR
group (10.8±0.9 fl) than the control group (9.9±1.1 fl)
(p=0.03). The mean hemoglobin was lower in IUGR group (11.3
(8.3–14.5) g/dl) than the control group (11.9 (8.2–13.0)
g/dl) (p=0.04). The optimal cut-off MPV for prediction of IUGR
was ≥10.55 fl, with a sensitivity of 59% and a specificity of
75%.
Conclusion Increased MPV levels in term pregnant women may be
particularly helpful for discrimination and prediction of high-risk fetuses when
IUGR is suspected.
Gross Motor Skills in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Intellectual
Disability
Authors: Djuric-Zdravkovic Aleksandra , Perovic Dijana , Milanovic-Dobrota Biljana , Japundza-Milisavljevic Mirjana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the connection of gross
motor skills (locomotor skills and object control) and the degree of associated
intellectual disability (ID) in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
Participants and methods The study sample included 54 children with CP
and associated ID age 5 years to 6 years and 11 months. For the assessment of
tested skills, The Gross Motor Function Classification System-Expanded and
Revised (GMFCS-E&R), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of
Intelligence-Fourth Edition (WPPSI-IV) and Test of Gross Motor Development
Second Edition (TGMD-2) were used.
Results The results of this study indicate better quality of locomotor
skills than object control skills in children with CP and associated ID.
Children with CP and mild ID have better quality of locomotor skills and object
control, than children with CP and moderate ID. Differences between these 2
groups of children are presented relative to GMFCS-E&R levels.
Conclusion This study has determined significant interconnection of the
quality of gross motor functions and intellectual capacity in preschool children
with CP. This should be considered when creating more detailed individual
developmental rehabilitation plan in children with CP and associated ID and
predict adequate measures of developmental stimulation.
DETERMINATION OF SALIVARY URIC ACID LEVELS IN PERIODONTITIS AND HEALTH: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Shetty Mamatha , Talaviya Dipen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this case-control study was to determine whether periodontitis was associated with impaired salivary antioxidant uric acid level. Sixty patients attending a routine dental check-up at department of periodontics AB Shetty memorial institute of dental science were recruited for the study. Thirty patients with periodontitis (case) and 30 patients with healthy periodontium (control) were included in the study. Periodontitis was defined as clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥ 3mm in 30% of total sites examined (AAP-1999). CAL was measured from cemento-enamel junction to the base of pocket depth in mm using William's graduated probe. The teeth that was examined are (Ramfjord index teeth) 16, 21, 24, 36, 41, 44. l-2ml saliva was collected from patient in sterile glass vial and send for estimation of uric acid immediately. The uric acid level was measured in spectrophotometer. The result was statistically analyzed by student's t test. The mean value of uric acid level in periodontitis was 4.449 mg/dl.The mean value of uric acid level in healthy patient was 4.878 mg/dl. The study concluded that the level of uric acid in periodontitis patients was comparatively less than the normal patients. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05)
PATTERN OF MINI OUTBREAKS OF MUMPS AT SOUTH KASHMIR, PULWAMA, INDIA 2007-2011
Authors: H. Arshad Syed Andrabi , Shamila Hamid , Khan Imran , Hamdani Zahoor Ahamad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background prior to design: Limited outbreaks of mumps do occur in schools and crèches and other public places throughout the globe especially in developing countries like India, despite the introduction of MMR vaccine in 1967-1968. Same is the case with South Kashmir where almost every year mini-epidemics of Mumps do occur which however remain unnoticed, unreported and unnotified.
Design: It was a Hospital based Observational study, carried out from the year 2007 to 2011.
Objective: To find the epidemiologic pattern and clinical presentation of mumps in patients attending a tropical medical unit of Multispecialty hospital(DHP) at South Kashmir, Pulwama, India.
Material & Methods: All Children fulfilling the criteria for diagnosis of Mumps were recruited in this study from 2007-2011.Their characteristics, the pattern of clinical features were noted besides information regarding history, place, season, month and year of occurrence of disease was collected from the parents of affected children. All these parameters were noted down by a senior internist and infectionlogist of the department,using well-structured proforma. The data so collected was subjected to biostatistical analysis using Fisher exact test and SPSS version 12.
Results: A total of 55 patients were included in the study. All the children had h/o contact with, raw/ semiripened walnuts. Males were 36 and female were 19 in number. None had received any form of mumps/MMR vaccination. All the patients presented in hot summer and in the month of august showing a seasonal trend annually. Bilateral parotitis, a hallmark of mumps was present in all patients. Rural patients usually presented with mild fever.Earache was mainly present in younger age - groups These findings were statistically significant (P< 0.05). Out of 55 children, orchitis was seen only in one child. CONCLUSION: Mini-epidemics of mumps occur more frequently in south Kashmir and effect our school children and hamper work output.It can be best prevented by inclusion of mumps/MMR vaccine in national immunization schedule.
AN UNUSUAL CYTOLOGICAL EXPERIENCE OF VIRILISING OVARIAN SERTOU-LEYDIG CELL TUMOR - A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Permi Harish S. , Padma Shetty K. , Rai Supriya , Manjeera Lakshmi , Poojary Neetha , S. Teerthanath 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSertoli-Leydig cell tumor of ovary is a gonadal tumour of the sex cord-stromal type. It is a rare tumor comprising 0.1 to 0.5% of all ovarian tumours. Peritoneal cytology has been well established as a diagnostic and staging tool in the management of the common epithelial tumours of ovary. Germ cell, mesenchymal, and sex-cord stromal tumours are much less frequently encountered in peritoneal specimens, often with cytologic features that may pose diagnostic difficulty and dilemma. We report a case of peritoneal fluid cytology of sertoli leydig cell tumor of ovary in a 20 year old female who presented with virilising symptoms. On removal of ovarian tumor, her virilising symptoms regressed, with regaining of menstruation.
XERODERMA PIGMENTOSA WITH MULTIPLE CUTANEOUS MALIGNANCIES– A RARE CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Shetty Rohan , S. Girish B. , Ballal Rajesh , Permi Harish S. , Makannavar Pramodh , Alva Vinay 
Published: June 2020

AbstractXeroderma pigmentosa is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by photosensitivity, pigmentary changes, premature skin aging, and marked increase in risk of developing malignant neoplasms of the skin and eyes. Here we present a 13 year old girl with xeroderma pigmentosa who developed multiple cutaneous malignancies in the face and upper limb.
LASER - A RAY OF HOPE IN PERIODONTICS - A REVIEW ARTICLE
Authors: Ramesh Amitha , Bhandary Rahul , Thomas Biju , Dsouza Sheehan R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLasers have revolutionised dental treatment since three and a half decades of the twentieth century. Theodore maiman in 1960 invented the ruby laser, since then laser is one of the most captivating technologies in dental practice. Lasers have been used in initial periodontal therapy, surgery, and also in implant treatment. Further research is necessary so that laser can become a part of the dental armamentarium. This paper gives an insight to laser in Periodontics