bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Postharvest Maturation Storage at Different Age Fruit on Chemical Characters Fruit and Seed of Wood-apple (Feronia limonia (L.) Swingle)
Authors: Murrinie Endang Dewi , Yudono Prapto , Purwantoro Azis , Sulistyaningsih Endang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Wood-apple fruits generally processed and consumed are those of fallen mature fruits which are then stored in postharvest ripening for 3 to 6 days. Seeds are obtained from the waste of processed wood-apple fruits. The seeds are not directly extracted but they had experienced a postharvest maturation storage prior to planting. During postharvest maturation storage, there are changes in the chemical characteristics of wood-apple fruit flesh and seeds. The research objective was to determine the effect of postharvest maturation storage on the different fruit ages on the chemical character of fruit and seed of wood-apples. The results showed that postharvest maturation storage did not affect the total sugar content of the fruit, but it affected the content of tannins and phenols, meanwhile fruit age affected the total sugar content, tannin and phenol fruit. Postharvest maturation storage did not affect the dry weight, moisture content and protein content of the seed, but it affected electrical conductivity and respiration rate of seeds. Meanwhile fruit age affected the dry weight, moisture content, protein content, electrical conductivity and the respiration rate of seeds.
Application of viscosity modifying admixture (VMA) in eco-friendly concrete
Authors: Febriani Lisa , Sandy Desi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Utilization of waste as a material that is useful again becomes a concern for every industry player. The researchers are indirectly invited to innovate in order to preserve the environment. The use of slag as a recycled material in pervious a concrete is one of the sustainable solutions for preserving the environment. The use of viscosity modifying admixture (VMA) is expected to provide good workability in eco-friendly concrete. In this study, the tests carried out on fresh concrete are the air content in the concrete and the weight volume, as well as hard concrete testing including compressive strength test and porosity test of concrete. Eco-friendly concrete uses slag with variations of 0%, 30%, 50% and 70% of the weight of coarse aggregate. In the result of volume weight test, there was a 30.8% increase in the level of 70% slag from 0% slag and air content of 47.7%. Concrete compressive strength test showed optimum results at 70% slag contain an increase of 271% from 0% slag specimens and void rate around 16.7%.
Effect of Mobile Phone Use of Driver to Vehicle Operating Costs
Authors: Radjawane Louise Elizabeth 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Using a cell phone while driving does not only impact traffic safety but also to vehicle operational cost. According to the background, it required to research the effect of mobile phone use of drivers to vehicle operational cost. Purpose of this research is to determine the characteristics of motorists who use a cell phone while driving on street Perintis Kemerdekaan, Makassar and to determine the effect of mobile phone use of drivers to vehicle operating costs on street Perintis Kemerdekaan, Makassar. This research will be conducted at street Perintis Kemerdekaan, Makassar, in front of The Regional Military, with a segment length of 100 m. Methods for vehicle operational cost are Pacific Consultant Indonesia and Department of Public Works, with vehicle components that affect vehicle operating costs, namely fuel consumption, engine oil consumption, mechanical costs, vehicle depreciation, tire usage, spare parts, capital interest, insurance, and unexpected costs. Both of these methods include the speed value as the main parameter for analysis. Male combinations use mobile phones more when driving than women. Where the influence of the use of mobile phones while driving on driving speed is also influenced by factors of age and gender. The effect of the use of mobile phones while driving on vehicle operating costs using the PT.PCI method is IDR. 3261,9088 / km to IDR 4257,822 / km. The effect of using a mobile phone while driving on vehicle operating costs using the 2005 Public Works method varies from IDR 942 / km to IDR 1,147 / km.
Quadratic points on modular curves with infinite Mordell–Weil group
Authors: Box Josha 
Published: March 2020

Bruin and Najman [LMS J. Comput. Math. 18 (2015), no. 1, 578–602] and Ozman and Siksek [Math. Comp. 88 (2019), no. 319, 2461–2484] have recently determined the quadratic points on each modular curve

X
0

(
N
)

X_0(N)

of genus 2, 3, 4, or 5 whose Mordell–Weil group has rank 0. In this paper we do the same for the

X
0

(
N
)

X_0(N)

of genus 2, 3, 4, and 5 and positive Mordell–Weil rank. The values of

N
N

are 37, 43, 53, 61, 57, 65, 67, and 73.

The main tool used is a relative symmetric Chabauty method, in combination with the Mordell–Weil sieve. Often the quadratic points are not finite, as the degree 2 map

X
0

(
N
)
→

X
0

(
N

)
+

X_0(N)\to X_0(N)^+

can be a source of infinitely many such points. In such cases, we describe this map and the rational points on

X
0

(
N

)
+

X_0(N)^+

, and we specify the exceptional quadratic points on

X
0

(
N
)

X_0(N)

not coming from

X
0

(
N

)
+

X_0(N)^+

. In particular, we determine the

j
j

-invariants of the corresponding elliptic curves and whether they are

Q

{\mathbb {Q}}

-curves or have complex multiplication.
The role of lateral and vertical herkogamy in the divergence of the blue- and red-flowered lineages of Lysimachia arvensis
Authors: Jiménez-López F J , Ortiz P L , Talavera M , Pannell J R , Arista M 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsHerkogamy, or anther–stigma separation, is known to reduce self-pollen deposition, but little is known about the relative efficacy of different modes or conformations of herkogamy. We assessed the effectiveness of vertical versus lateral herkogamy in preventing or promoting self-pollen deposition in the annual herb Lysimachia arvensis, a plant with lineages that differ in flower colour, and in which flowers first display lateral and then vertical herkogamy. Because mating between the two lineages compromises fitness through the production of low-quality hybrid offspring, we tested the prediction that individuals sampled from sites occupied by both lineages should have flowers that promote autonomous self-pollen deposition and self-fertilization as a result of selection to reduce deleterious reproductive interference.MethodsWe characterized variation in herkogamy within and among 25 pure and mixed populations of L. arvensis in its European range and assessed the effectiveness of lateral versus vertical herkogamy in avoiding self-pollen deposition.ResultsLateral herkogamy was more effective than vertical herkogamy in limiting self-pollen deposition. In the case of vertical herkogamy, only approach herkogamy was effective. Lineages showed consistent differences in herkogamy traits. In general, angles were smaller for blue than red flowers in most populations, and blue flowers showed approach herkogamy, while red flowers showed predominantly reverse herkogamy. In sympatry, the red lineage showed a reduction of both herkogamy traits while for the blue lineage only lateral herkogamy was reduced.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that pollen deposition is affected not only by the degree but also the spatial conformation of herkogamy. They also highlight reduced herkogamy as a potential mechanism for promoting reproductive assurance under pollen limitation, as well as for avoiding reproductive interference between genetically divergent lineages.
Extensive plastid-nuclear discordance in a recent radiation ofNicotianasectionSuaveolentes(Solanaceae)
Authors: Dodsworth Steven , Christenhusz Maarten J M , Conran John G , Guignard Maïté S , Knapp Sandra , Struebig Monika , Leitch Andrew R , Chase Mark W 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNicotiana section Suaveolentes is the largest section of Nicotiana and is a monophyletic group of allotetraploid species. Most of the species are endemic to Australia, but three species occur on islands in the South Pacific as far east as French Polynesia and one species is native to Namibia. Here, we present phylogenetic results based on genome skimming, with near-complete taxon sampling and multiple accessions sampled for several species. These represent the first phylogenetic results for the section that include most recognized taxa, using wild-sourced material wherever possible. Despite known chromosome number and genome size changes in the section, there is little divergence in the ribosomal DNA operon (26S, 18.S and 5.8S plus associated spacers) and plastid genomes, with little to no taxonomic signal in plastome phylogenetic results and clear plastid-nuclear discordance. These results contrast with strong morphological differentiation (both floral and vegetative) between most of the core Australian taxa and obvious differences in ecological preferences. Together, these initial results portray Nicotiana section Suaveolentes as experiencing recent and ongoing radiation in the arid zone of Australia.
Microglial exosomes facilitate α-synuclein transmission in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Guo Min , Wang Jian , Zhao Yanxin , Feng Yiwei , Han Sida , Dong Qiang , Cui Mei , Tieu Kim 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Accumulation of neuronal α-synuclein is a prominent feature in Parkinson’s disease. More recently, such abnormal protein aggregation has been reported to spread from cell to cell and exosomes are considered as important mediators. The focus of such research, however, has been primarily in neurons. Given the increasing recognition of the importance of non-cell autonomous-mediated neurotoxicity, it is critical to investigate the contribution of glia to α-synuclein aggregation and spread. Microglia are the primary phagocytes in the brain and have been well-documented as inducers of neuroinflammation. How and to what extent microglia and their exosomes impact α-synuclein pathology has not been well delineated. We report here that when treated with human α-synuclein preformed fibrils, exosomes containing α-synuclein released by microglia are fully capable of inducing protein aggregation in the recipient neurons. Additionally, when combined with microglial proinflammatory cytokines, these exosomes further increased protein aggregation in neurons. Inhibition of exosome synthesis in microglia reduced α-synuclein transmission. The in vivo significance of these exosomes was demonstrated by stereotaxic injection of exosomes isolated from α-synuclein preformed fibrils treated microglia into the mouse striatum. Phosphorylated α-synuclein was observed in multiple brain regions consistent with their neuronal connectivity. These animals also exhibited neurodegeneration in the nigrostriatal pathway in a time-dependent manner. Depleting microglia in vivo dramatically suppressed the transmission of α-synuclein after stereotaxic injection of preformed fibrils. Mechanistically, we report here that α-synuclein preformed fibrils impaired autophagy flux by upregulating PELI1, which in turn, resulted in degradation of LAMP2 in activated microglia. More importantly, by purifying microglia/macrophage derived exosomes in the CSF of Parkinson’s disease patients, we confirmed the presence of α-synuclein oligomer in CD11b+ exosomes, which were able to induce α-synuclein aggregation in neurons, further supporting the translational aspect of this study. Taken together, our study supports the view that microglial exosomes contribute to the progression of α-synuclein pathology and therefore, they may serve as a promising therapeutic target for Parkinson’s disease.
Whole-exome Sequencing for the Identification of Rare Variants in Primary Immunodeficiency Genes in Children With Sepsis: A Prospective, Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Borghesi Alessandro , Trück Johannes , Asgari Samira , Sancho-Shimizu Vanessa , Agyeman Philipp K A , Bellos Evangelos , Giannoni Eric , Stocker Martin , Posfay-Barbe Klara M , Heininger Ulrich , Bernhard-Stirnemann Sara , Niederer-Loher Anita , Kahlert Christian R , Natalucci Giancarlo , Relly Christa , Riedel Thomas , Kuehni Claudia E , Thorball Christian W , Chaturvedi Nimisha , Martinon-Torres Federico , Kuijpers Taco W , Coin Lachlan , Wright Victoria , Herberg Jethro , Levin Michael , Aebi Christoph , Berger Christoph , Fellay Jacques , Schlapbach Luregn J 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of primary immunodeficiencies (PID) in susceptibility to sepsis remains unknown. It is unclear whether children with sepsis benefit from genetic investigations. We hypothesized that sepsis may represent the first manifestation of underlying PID. We applied whole-exome sequencing (WES) to a national cohort of children with sepsis to identify rare, predicted pathogenic variants in PID genes.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, population-based, prospective study including previously healthy children aged ≥28 days and &lt;17 years admitted with blood culture-proven sepsis. Using a stringent variant filtering procedure, analysis of WES data was restricted to rare, predicted pathogenic variants in 240 PID genes for which increased susceptibility to bacterial infection has been reported.ResultsThere were 176 children presenting with 185 sepsis episodes who underwent WES (median age, 52 months; interquartile range, 15.4–126.4). There were 41 unique predicted pathogenic PID variants (1 homozygous, 5 hemizygous, and 35 heterozygous) found in 35/176 (20%) patients, including 3/176 (2%) patients carrying variants that were previously reported to lead to PID. The variants occurred in PID genes across all 8 PID categories, as defined by the International Union of Immunological Societies. We did not observe a significant correlation between clinical or laboratory characteristics of patients and the presence or absence of PID variants.ConclusionsApplying WES to a population-based cohort of previously healthy children with bacterial sepsis detected variants of uncertain significance in PID genes in 1 out of 5 children. Future studies need to investigate the functional relevance of these variants to determine whether variants in PID genes contribute to pediatric sepsis susceptibility.
Nominal exchange rate shocks and inflation in an open economy: towards a structuralist inflation targeting agenda
Authors: Bastian Eduardo F , Setterfield Mark 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper develops a model of inflation in an open economy. The model permits analysis of the susceptibility of open economies to permanent inflationary consequences arising from transitory foreign exchange shocks. Sources of structural vulnerability to such events are identified, and means of addressing these structural vulnerabilities are discussed. Ultimately, the paper arrives at a ‘structuralist inflation targeting agenda’. Based on a proper conception of inflation dynamics, this involves ‘getting inflation targeting right’ rather than either accepting mainstream inflation targeting prescriptions or simply neglecting inflation altogether.
Suboptimal dialysis initiation is associated with comorbidities and uraemia progression rate but not with estimated glomerular filtration rate
Authors: Heaf James , Heiro Maija , Petersons Aivars , Vernere Baiba , Povlsen Johan V , Sørensen Anette Bagger , Clyne Naomi , Bumblyte Inga , Zilinskiene Alanta , Randers Else , Løkkegaard Niels , Ots-Rosenberg Mai , Kjellevold Stig , Kampmann Jan Dominik , Rogland Björn , Lagreid Inger , Heimburger Olof , Lindholm Bengt 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite early referral of uraemic patients to nephrological care, suboptimal dialysis initiation (SDI) remains a common problem associated with increased morbimortality. We hypothesized that SDI is related to pre-dialysis care.

Methods
In the ‘Peridialysis’ study, time and reasons for dialysis initiation (DI), clinical and biochemical data and centre characteristics were registered during the pre- and peri-dialytic period for 1583 end-stage kidney disease patients starting dialysis over a 3-year period at 15 nephrology departments in the Nordic and Baltic countries to identify factors associated with SDI.

Results
SDI occurred in 42%. Risk factors for SDI were late referral, cachexia, comorbidity (particularly cardiovascular), hypoalbuminaemia and rapid uraemia progression. Patients with polycystic renal disease had a lower incidence of SDI. High urea and C-reactive protein levels, acidosis and other electrolyte disorders were markers of SDI, independently of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). SDI patients had higher eGFR than non-SDI patients during the pre-dialysis period, but lower eGFR at DI. eGFR as such did not predict SDI. Patients with comorbidities had higher eGFR at DI. Centre practice and policy did not associate with the incidence of SDI.

Conclusions
SDI occurred in 42% of all DIs. SDI was associated with hypoalbuminaemia, comorbidity and rate of eGFR loss, but not with the degree of renal failure as assessed by eGFR.
Measurement of glomerular filtration rate in lung transplant recipients highlights a dramatic loss of renal function after transplantation
Authors: Florens Nans , Dubourg Laurence , Bitker Laurent , Kalbacher Emilie , Philit François , Mornex Jean François , Parant François , Guebre-Egziabher Fitsum , Juillard Laurent , Lemoine Sandrine 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) after lung transplantation (LT) is underestimated. The aim of the present study was to measure the loss of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 1 year after LT and to identify the risk factors for developing Stage ≥3 CKD.

Methods
LT patients in the University Hospital of Lyon had a pre- and post-transplantation measurement of their GFR (mGFR), and GFR was also estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation.

Results
During the study period, 111 patients were lung transplant candidates, of which 91 had a pre-transplantation mGFR, and 29 had a mGFR at 1 year after LT. Six patients underwent maintenance haemodialysis after transplantation. Mean mGFR was 106 mL/min/1.73 m2 before LT and 58 mL/min/1.73 m2 1 year after LT (P &lt; 0.05) with a mean loss of 48 mL/min/1.73 m2 per patient. The risk of developing Stage ≥3 CKD after LT was higher in patients with lower pre-LT mGFR (odds ratio for each 1 mL/min/1.73 m2 increase: 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.88–0.99). Receiver operator characteristics curves for the sensitivity and specificity of eGFR and mGFR for the prediction of CKD Stage ≥3 after LT found that pre-LT mGFR of 101 mL/min/1.73 m2 and pre-LT eGFR of 124 mL/min/1.73 m2 were the optimal thresholds for predicting Stage ≥3 CKD after LT.

Conclusion
The present study underlines the value of mGFR in the pre-LT stage and found major renal function loss after LT, and consequently two-thirds of patients have Stage ≥3 CKD at 1 year. All patients with a pre-LT mGFR &lt;90 mL/min/1.73 m2 warrant particular attention.
Efficacy of enoxaparin in preventing coagulation during high-flux haemodialysis, expanded haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration
Authors: Santos Alba , Macías Nicolás , Vega Almudena , Abad Soraya , Linares Tania , Aragoncillo Inés , Cruzado Leonidas , Pascual Cristina , Goicoechea Marian , López-Gómez Juan Manuel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are easily dialysable with high-flow membranes; however, it is not clear whether the LMWH dose should be adjusted according to the membrane type and dialysis technique. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the dialyser on anticoagulation of the extracorporeal dialysis circuit.

Methods
Thirteen patients received the same dose of LMWH through the arterial port via three dialysis techniques: high-flux haemodialysis (HF-HD), online haemodiafiltration (HDF) and expanded haemodialysis (HDx). All dialysis was performed under similar conditions: duration, 4 h; blood flow, 400 mL/min; and dialysate flow, 500 mL/min. Antifactor Xa (aXa) activity and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured before and after the dialysis. Clotting time of the vascular access site after haemodialysis, visual clotting score of the dialyser and any complications with the extracorporeal circuit or bleeding were registered.

Results
Post-dialysis aXa activity in HF-HD (0.26 ± 0.02 U/mL) was significantly different from that in HDF (0.21 ± 0.02 U/mL, P = 0.024), and there was a trend in HDx (0.22 ± 0.01 U/mL, P = 0.05). APTT post-dialysis in HF-HD (30.5 ± 0.7 s) was significantly different from that in HDx (28.2 ± 0.64 s, P = 0.009) and HDF (28.8 ± 0.73 s, P = 0.009).

Conclusions
AXa activity in HDF was significantly lower than that in HF-HD, possibly because of more losses of LMWH through the dialyser. Given the higher anticoagulant loss in HDF and probably in HDx than in HF-HD, the enoxaparin dose administered may be adjusted according to the dialysis technique.
Time to Symptom Resolution in Ulcerative Colitis With Multimatrix Mesalazine Treatment: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Schreiber Stefan , Hanauer Stephen B , Sandborn William J , Barrett Karen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Patients with ulcerative colitis [UC] require rapid and complete relief of symptoms, particularly stool frequency and rectal bleeding. The aim of this study was to determine time to symptom resolution in patients with UC during induction treatment with multimatrix mesalazine, and the proportion of patients remaining symptom-free and in endoscopic remission after 12 months of maintenance.

Methods
A pooled analysis of 5 pivotal clinical trials, including &gt;1300 patients, evaluating multimatrix mesalazine for treatment of mild-to-moderate active UC was conducted. Time to symptom resolution was defined as the period between first drug dosage date and first 3 consecutive days of induction therapy when the patient achieved a score of 0 [normal] on a modified UC Disease Activity Index for stool frequency and/or rectal bleeding.

Results
Median [95% confidence interval] time to resolution of stool frequency was 52 (45–not estimable [NE]) days for placebo versus 38 [34–41] days for multimatrix mesalazine [combined dose groups, 2.4 or 4.8 g/day]; time to resolution of rectal bleeding was 35 [20–NE] days for placebo versus 15 [14–17] days for multimatrix mesalazine [combined dose groups]. Among those who achieved resolution of both stool frequency and rectal bleeding during induction, 67.4% maintained symptom scores of 0 at Month 12. No relationship was observed between rapidity of symptom resolution during induction treatment and achievement of endoscopic remission at Month 12.

Conclusions
Induction with multimatrix mesalazine provided rapid and prolonged symptom resolution in addition to endoscopic remission at Month 12.