bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building Artificial Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase with Uniform Intermolecular Ionic Bonds toward Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Wang Zhijie , Wang Yanyan , Zhang Zihe , Chen Xiaowei , Lie Wilford , He Yan‐Bing , Zhou Zhen , Xia Guanglin , Guo Zaiping 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLi metal has been widely regarded as a promising anode for next‐generation batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential. The unstable solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) and uncontrollable dendrite growth, however, incur severe safety hazards and hamper the practical application of Li metal anodes. Herein, an advanced artificial SEI layer constructed by [LiNBH]n chains, which are crosslinked and self‐reinforced by their intermolecular LiN ionic bonds, is designed to comprehensively stabilize Li metal anodes on a molecular level. Benefiting from its polymer‐like structure, the [LiNBH]n layer is flexible and effectively tolerates the volume change of Li metal anodes. In addition, this layer with high polarity in its structure, helps to regulate the homogeneous distribution of the Li+ flux on Li electrodes via the further formation of LiN bonds. The designed [LiNBH]n layer is electrically nonconductive but highly ionically conductive, thus facilitating Li+ diffusion and confining Li deposition beneath the layer. Therefore, under the protection of the [LiNBH]n layer, the Li metal anodes exhibit stable cycling at a 3 mA cm−2 for more than 700 h, and the full cells with high lithium iron phosphate and sulfur cathodes mass loading also present excellent cycling stability.
Transformation of Discrete Amorphous Aluminosilicate Nanoparticles into Nanosized Zeolites
Authors: Guo Hailing , Zhao Lei , Martineau‐Corcos Charlotte , Fayon Franck , Viger‐Gravel Jasmine , Awala Hussein , Boullay Philippe , Grand Julien , Vicente Aurélie , Gilson Jean‐Pierre , Mintova Svetlana 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe effect of amorphous aluminosilicate precursor nanoparticles on the formation of nanosized zeolites with faujasite (FAU) and sodalite (SOD) type frameworks is illustrated using a new synthetic strategy to prepare nanosized zeolites with tailored particle size distribution, morphology, and structure. This two‐step synthesis procedure includes the formation of colloidal suspensions followed by separation of the amorphous precursor nanoparticles, and their subsequent transformation into nanosized crystals by treatment with alkali suspensions (NaOH) solutions only. The selective transformation of the amorphous nanoparticles into FAU and SOD nanosized crystals is studied at atomistic and microscopic levels using 29Si and 23Na nuclear magnetic resonanse (NMR) spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, and N2 physisorption, respectively. The presence of sodalite cages occluding highly mobile sodium in the amorphous nanoparticles is confirmed by 23Na‐1H D‐HMQC NMR spectroscopy. The subsequent treatment of these amorphous precursor particles with aqueous sodium hydroxide illustrates that the cations are not only charge compensators but also inorganic templates stabilizing sodalite cages during the long‐range ordering in the amorphous particles.
3D‐Printed Curved Metasurface with Multifunctional Wavefronts
Authors: Li Haipeng , Wang Guang‐Ming , Hu Guangwei , Cai Tong , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Xu He‐Xiu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAchieving multifunctional wavefront controls on curved platforms, especially in the transmissive case, is of pivotal importance in the emerging technological field of communication and detection systems, yet it poses a great challenge. A strategy to control the versatile transmissive structured wavefront on conformal platform is proposed by curving a 3D printed flexible metasurface (MS), and its efficacy is demonstrated. The conformal metasurface (CMS) is designed to have broadband performance by cascading three super‐thin flexible printed circuit boards and two 3D‐printing substrates. A general theoretical strategy is proposed for the projection of a curved surface onto a referenced plane by judiciously engineering the compensation of the curvature‐induced phase. Next, four individual proof‐of‐concept conformal quarter‐cylindrical devices are experimentally characterized with the functionalities to generate highly directive beams, vortex‐beams carrying orbital angular momentums, and dual‐beam steering with different angular positioning, confirming the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed strategy. Most importantly, it is shown that the aforementioned multiple angle‐multiplexed functionalities can be achieved by a single synthesized full‐cylinder CMS. The findings demonstrate a successful approach to setting up a robust, systematic, multifunctional, and ultracompact MS for complete wavefront control over curved platforms.
Efficiency of Bayesian quantitative trait loci mapping with full‐sib progeny
Authors: Andrade Andréa Carla Bastos , Viana José Marcelo Soriano , Pereira Helcio Duarte , Fonseca e Silva Fabyano 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQuantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping with perennial crops is based on one or more full‐sib progeny because homozygous genotypes are difficult to obtain. The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of Bayesian QTL mapping with full‐sib progeny. The analyses used two simulated data sets, one assuming genotyping for 292 simple sequence repeats (SSR) loci (density of 10 cM) and the other assuming genotyping for 2969 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (density of 1 cM). Each data set consisted of 50 replications of 40 full‐sib progeny of size 400. We assumed a broad sense heritability of 60%, genetic control by 10 QTLs and 90 minor genes, and positive dominance. The QTL heritability values ranged from 1 to 12%. The scenarios included one and multiple progeny. In the best scenarios for the low (four progeny of size 400) and high marker density (one progeny of size 400), the average power of detection was 52 and 67% for the low heritability QTLs, 83 and 95% for the average heritability QTLs, and 95 and 94% for the high heritability QTLs, respectively. The observed false discovery rate (FDR) was 15 and 9% with low and high density, respectively. The Bayesian QTL mapping provides a precise localization of candidate genes with a bias in the QTL position of approximately 4–6 cM. The polygenic effect is important to control the false discovery rate (FDR) and to provide a higher power of QTL detection with multiple progeny.
Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for positive hepatic ductal margin on cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sugiura Teiichi , Uesaka Katsuhiko , Okamura Yukiyasu , Ito Takaaki , Yamamoto Yusuke , Ashida Ryo , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Asakura Hirofumi , Todaka Akiko , Fukutomi Akira 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimThis study evaluated the effects of postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (A‐CRT) for positive hepatic ductal margin (HM+) in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC).MethodsPatients with EHCC who underwent surgical resection between 2002 and 2014 were included in this retrospective study. For patients with HM+, A‐CRT was conducted. The clinical effect of A‐CRT for HM+ on the survival and recurrence and prognostic factors of EHCC was reviewed.ResultsAmong 340 patients, the hepatic ductal margin was negative in 296 and positive in 44. Of the 44 patients with HM+, 22 received postoperative A‐CRT, and 22 did not. Hepatic stump recurrence occurred in 19 patients. The incidence was significantly higher in patients with HM+ (20%, 9/44) than in those with negative hepatic ductal margin (HM−) (3%, 10/296) (P < .001). Among the patients with HM+, the incidence was almost identical between the patients with and without A‐CRT: 23% (5/22) in HM+/CRT− and 18% (4/22) in HM+/CRT+ patients (P = .999). The median survival time was 49 months in HM−, 43 months in HM+/CRT−, and 49 months in HM+/CRT+ patients. The differences were not significant among the groups. A multivariate analysis revealed CA 19‐9 ≥ 300 U/mL, combined vascular resection, histologic grade G2/G3, and lymph node metastasis to be significant prognostic factors. However, the performance of postoperative A‐CRT did not contribute to prolonging survival.ConclusionA‐CRT for HM+ in patients with EHCC did not affect the survival or stump recurrence.
Cross‐estimation for decision selection
Authors: Gu Xinyue , Li Bo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe propose a data‐driven procedure, cross‐estimation for decision selection (CrEDS), to choose from an abundance of off‐the‐shelf statistical models or computer algorithms at a decision‐maker's disposal.CrEDS combines the ideas of cross‐validation (CV) and local smoothing, a nonparametric statistical technique. We demonstrate the power ofCrEDS with five numerical experiments in inventory and revenue management problems, ranging from low to high dimensional and from exogenous to endogenous. We also conduct a case study using an auto‐lending data.CrEDS performs favorably compared to other existing selection criteria and provides a practical framework for a broad range of optimal decision selection problems.
Integration of ion exchange resin materials for a downstream‐processing approach of an imine reductase‐catalyzed reaction
Authors: Meyer Lars‐Erik , Brundiek Henrike , von Langermann Jan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, an ion exchange resin‐based downstream‐processing concept for imine reductase (IRED)‐catalyzed reactions was investigated. As a model reaction, 2‐methylpyrroline was converted to its corresponding product (S)‐2‐methylpyrrolidine with >99% of conversion by the (S)‐selective IRED from Paenibacillus elgii B69. Under optimized reaction conditions full conversion was achieved using a substrate concentration of 150 and 500 mmol/L of d‐glucose. Seven commercially available cation‐ and anion‐exchange resins were studied with respect to their ability to recover the product from the reaction solution. Without any pretreatment, cation‐exchange resins Amberlite IR‐120(H), IRN‐150, Dowex Monosphere 650C, and Dowex Marathon MSC showed high recovery capacities (up to >90%). A 150‐ml preparative scale reaction was performed yielding ~1 g hydrochloride salt product with >99% purity. Any further purification steps, for example, by column chromatography or recrystallization, were not required.
A Simple Electrochemical Swab Assay for the Rapid Quantification of Clonazepam in Unprocessed Saliva Enabled by Lubricin Antifouling Coatings
Authors: Russo Matthew J. , Quigley Anita F. , Kapsa Robert M. I. , Moulton Simon E. , Guijt Rosanne , Silva Saimon M. , Greene George W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe electrochemical sensing of clonazepam in samples of unprocessed saliva is reported, using commercially available reduced graphene oxide (rGO) screen printed electrodes (SPEs). The rGO electrodes were modified with self‐assembled lubricin (LUB) antiadhesive coatings that function as a size‐selective molecular sieve that partitions small molecule analytes from large fouling molecules at the electrode‐fluid interface. By mitigating the adverse effects of protein fouling, these LUB coatings enable direct, reliable, and quantitative electrochemical measurements of clonazepam concentrations in untreated saliva, which was not possible with uncoated rGO electrodes in identical tests. The proposed assay design, which is suitable for disposable point‐of‐care diagnostics requires no sample pre‐treatment and shows a linear detection response over a concentration range of 25–250 nM with a correlation coefficient of R2=0.987 and a limit of detection (LoD) of 16.67 nM. The swab‐based sample acquisition method paired with the antifouling properties of the LUB coatings provide a cost effective and practical biosensing platform for assessing electroactive drug concentrations in saliva in a point‐of‐care setting.
Polysubstituted Pyrimidines as mPGES‐1 Inhibitors: Discovery of Potent Inhibitors of PGE2 Production with Strong Anti‐inflammatory Effects in Carrageenan‐Induced Rat Paw Edema
Authors: Kalčic Filip , Kolman Viktor , Ajani Haresh , Zídek Zdeněk , Janeba Zlatko 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report an extensive structure‐activity relationship optimization of polysubstituted pyrimidines that led to the discovery of 5‐butyl‐4‐(4‐benzyloxyphenyl)‐6‐phenylpyrimidin‐2‐amine, and its difluorinated analogue. These compounds are sub‐micromolar inhibitors of PGE2 production (IC50 as low as 12 nM). In order to identify the molecular target of anti‐inflammatory pyrimidines, we performed extensive studies including enzymatic assays, homology modeling and docking. The difluorinated analogue simultaneously inhibits two key enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade, namely mPGES‐1 and COX‐2, with mPGES‐1 inhibition being the principal mechanism of action. Other pyrimidines studied are potent mPGES‐1 inhibitors with no observed inhibition of COX‐1/2 enzymes. Moreover, the two most potent compounds proved to be significantly effective in vivo in a model of acute inflammation, suppressing carrageenan‐induced rat paw edema by 36 and 46 %. The promising results of this study warrant further preclinical evaluation of selected anti‐inflammatory candidates.
Sex differences in the brains of capuchin monkeys (Sapajus [Cebus] apella)
Authors: Hecht Erin E. , Reilly Olivia T. , Benítez Marcela E. , Phillips Kimberley A. , Brosnan Sarah F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study reports an analysis of 20 T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans from tufted capuchin monkeys (5 male, 15 female). We carried out a data‐driven, whole‐brain volumetric analysis on regional gray matter anatomy using voxel‐based morphometry. This revealed that males showed statistically significant expansion of a region of the hypothalamus, while females showed significant expansion in a distributed set of regions, including the cerebellum, early visual cortex, and higher‐order visual regions spanning occipital and temporal cortex. In order to elucidate the network connectivity of these regions, we employed probabilistic tractography on diffusion tensor imaging data. This showed that the female‐enlarged regions connect with distributed association networks across the brain. Notably, this contrasts with rodent studies, where sex differences are focused in deep, ancestral limbic regions involved in the control of reproductive behavior. Additionally, in our data set, for several regions, male and female volumetric measures were completely nonoverlapping. This contrasts with human studies, where sex differences in cortical regions have been reported but are characterized by overlapping rather than divergent male and female values. We suggest that these results can be understood in the context of the different lifetime experiences of males and females, which may produce increased experience‐dependent cortical plasticity in capuchins compared to rodents, and in humans compared to capuchins.
Hetero‐Tetranuclear Cu2+/Ca2+/Ca2+/Cu2+ Architectures Based On Malten Ligand: Scaffold for Anion Binding
Authors: Rossi Patrizia , Macedi Eleonora , Formica Mauro , Giorgi Luca , Paoli Paola , Fusi Vieri 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe hetero‐tetranuclear Cu2+/Ca2+/Ca2+/Cu2+ complex obtained with the N,N’‐bis((3‐hydroxy‐4‐pyron‐2‐yl)methyl)‐N,N’‐dimethylethylendiamine (Malten) ligand has been studied in solid and solution states as scaffold to bind anions. Three crystal structures showing the same metal ions sequence have been examined; they display a tetracharged complex cation neutralized by four monocharged anions. The anions play two different roles: as coordinated (two ClO4−, Cl− or NO3−) or ancillary (two ClO4−) guests. The tetranuclear scaffold hosts two anions also in aqueous and ethanol solutions. Spectrophotometric studies in ethanol allowed to determine the addition constant values for Cl− and Br− (Log K1‐2=4.43(4), 4.39(3) for Cl−, 3.80(3), 3.54(2) for Br−) while the others, although bound, showed lower affinity for the scaffold. Both the crystals and the solutions change their color depending on the added anion, namely pink, dark green or blue in the presence of ClO4−, Cl− or NO3−, respectively, thus the presence of the different anions is visible to the naked eye. The hetero‐tetranuclear Cu2+/Ca2+/Ca2+/Cu2+ complex is a versatile architecture to be used as scaffold for anion binding.
Impact of equilibrium radial electric field on energy loss process after pedestal collapse
Authors: Seto Haruki , Xu X.Q. , Dudson Benjamin D. , Yagi Masatoshi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn impact of the equilibrium radial electric field on energy loss processes after pedestal collapse is numerically investigated using the BOUT++ framework. Using linear stability analysis, the resistive ballooning mode is shown to be stabilized by the radial shear of the equilibrium radial electric field. On the other hand, the energy loss level after the pedestal collapse increases if the equilibrium radial electric field is taken into account. The spatio‐temporal and phase diagram analyses show that the equilibrium radial electric field partially cancels the fluctuation‐driven toroidally axisymmetric radial electric field and weakens the E × B shearing rate after pedestal collapse, weakening the turbulence suppression by vortex shearing. The equilibrium radial electric field therefore increases turbulence intensity in nonlinear cyclic oscillations among pressure gradient, E × B shearing rate, and turbulence intensity, which gives rise to subsequent bursts of turbulent transport and increases the energy loss level.
Species specificity and sexual dimorphism in tooth shape among the three sympatric haplochromine species in Lake Kivu cichlids
Authors: Munyandamutsa Philippe , Jere Wilson Lazaro , Kassam Daud , Mtethiwa Austin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTooth shape is used to differentiate between morphologically similar species of vertebrates, including fish. This study aimed to quantify tooth shape of three sympatric species: Haplochromis kamiranzovu, H. insidiae, and H. astatodon endemic to Lake Kivu, whose existing identification criteria are currently only qualitative. A quantitative tooth shape analysis was performed based on digitized tooth outline data with a subsequent elliptic Fourier analysis to test for differences among the three species. We looked at crown shape and size differences within H. kamiranzovu and H. insidiae at geographical, habitat, and gender levels. No comparison at habitat level was done for H. astatodon because it is found only in littoral zone. The analysis revealed significant tooth shape differences among the three species. Haplochromis astatodon had a significantly longer major cusp height and a longer and larger minor cusp than that of H. insidiae. It had also a longer major cusp height and a longer and larger minor cusp than that of H. kamiranzovu. Tooth shape differences of H. kamiranzovu and H. insidiae species were not significantly different between littoral and pelagic fish (p > .05) while differences were significant between southern and northern Lake Kivu populations (p < .05). Tooth sizes in H. kamiranzovu and H. insidiae were significantly different, both in height and width as well as in their ratios, and this was true at sex and geographic levels (p < .05), but not at habitat level (p > .05). Tooth shape was also significantly different with sharp teeth for males compared with females of southern populations versus northern ones. These shape‐ and size‐related differences between sexes suggest differences in the foraging strategies toward available food resources in the lake habitat. Further research should explain the genetic basis of the observed pattern.
Concealability beliefs facilitate navigating intergroup contexts
Authors: Le Forestier Joel M. , Page‐Gould Elizabeth , Lai Calvin K. , Chasteen Alison L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLiving in a diverse world requires the ability to navigate intergroup contexts. However, interacting with outgroup members can cause anxiety that leads to lower‐quality interactions and avoidance of future contact. One reason people experience this anxiety is the concern that others will judge them on the basis of an identity. These concerns may be reduced among people who believe the identity is unperceivable by others. The belief that one's identity is concealable may therefore reduce intergroup anxiety and ease people's experiences in intergroup contexts. The present work tests this proposition in two studies and finds that individual differences in concealability beliefs are negatively associated with intergroup anxiety and positively associated with the propensity to initiate intergroup contact and with the quantity and quality of people's cross‐group friendships. Materials, data, and code for both studies and a pre‐registration for Study 2 are available online (https://osf.io/4cjhg/).
Evaluation of the potential of fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium L.), European goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea L.), and common broom (Cytisus scoparius L.) stems in bioethanol production
Authors: Smuga‐Kogut Małgorzata , Szymanowska Daria , Markiewicz Roksana , Piskier Tomasz , Kobus‐Cisowska Joanna , Cielecka‐Piontek Judyta , Schöne Heralt 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOne of the main goals of industrial biotechnology is to develop an effective method for ethanol production for fuel purposes using lignocellulosic biomass. Variability of lignocellulosic raw materials, selection of an effective method for the pretreatment of raw material, and selection of microorganisms with the ability to ferment not only hexoses but also pentoses and are moreover resistant to environmental stress generated by the products of lignocellulosic complex decomposition, are the challenges encountered in ethanol production. The use of agricultural wastelands and overgrowing plants that have little possibility of application in processes other than energy production seem to be an interesting alternative to conventional, but very often rather cultivation demanding energy crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using the stems of fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium L.), European goldenrod (Solidago virgaurea L.), and common broom (Cytisus scoparius L.) for ethanol production. The key elements studied were characteristics of the lignocellulosic complex structure, influence of the selected ionic liquids on the structural changes in biomass, and efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation processes. The results showed that under the assumed conditions the best effect was observed with the fireweed materials subjected to pretreatment with 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate and enzymatic hydrolysis with Viscozyme® preparation. The final concentration of ethanol obtained was 2.509 g L−1 with a yield of 92.3%. This was due to the highest share of cellulose (40.9%) in the whole lignocellulosic complex compared to other raw materials, which in combination with the selection of an appropriate ionic liquid and an enzymatic preparation, led to high bioprocess efficiency.