bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perivascular Adipose Tissue: Quantitative analysis by morphometry and stereology in rodents
Authors: Carneiro Felipe Demani , Mello Stephanie Christinne Sinder , Marques Emiliana Barbosa , Barros Rogerio Barbosa Magalhaes , Scaramello Christianne Bretas Vieira , Fernandes-Santos Caroline 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) provides mechanical support to blood vessels and modulates vascular physiology in obesity. Our goal is to provide a reproductive protocol using morphometric and stereological tools to assess PVAT morphology. The thoracic aorta from male Wistar rats (n=6) and C57BL/6 mice (n=7) underwent routine histological procedures, and two independent observers analyzed the same set of digital images. Agreement and reproducibility were assessed. Both observers showed that the diameter of rat brown adipocytes is larger than mice (P<0.002) as expected, and that the number density (QA) of brown adipocytes is smaller in rats compared to mice (P<0.01). Considering lipid droplets, observer #1 reported that in rats they were larger (P<0.005) and had a higher volume density (VV) than mice (P=0.035), but observer #2 found the opposite for lipid droplet diameter (P=0.001). White adipocytes were not found in the PVAT. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated agreement and reproducibility between observers since the means are close to the main difference (bias) and within the 95% limits of agreement. In conclusion, the methodology proposed can quantify morphological aspects of the aorta PVAT in rodents. It is reproducible and can be performed by both expert and inexperienced researchers, once they know how to recognize the structures of interest to be measured.
Does all entrepreneurship matter? The contribution of entrepreneurial activity to economic growth
Authors: Ordeñana Xavier , Vera-Gilces Paul , Zambrano-Vera Jack , Amaya Adriana 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper revisits the effect of entrepreneurship on economic growth.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a cross-country panel data set of 61 countries in the period 2002–2014, this paper empirically analyzes the differences in contribution to economic growth. Particularly, using an extension of the Cobb–Douglas production function, the authors show the role of entrepreneurship in developed and developing economies. Global entrepreneurship monitor data were used to estimate the proposed types of entrepreneurship.

Findings
Results indicate that economic growth can be explained by growth-oriented entrepreneurship, including developing economies. These results remain robust to a variety of specifications that include economic, social and cultural controls, and two ways of sorting countries by stage of development.

Originality/value
The authors split the total entrepreneurial activity (TEA) according to job expectations, in order to isolate the effect of entrepreneurial activity that is growth oriented (dynamic) and not (regular). Lastly, the empirical application presented comprises a more adequate timeframe to analyze the proposed relationship, determining possible differences for developed and developing economies.
Numerical analysis of free convection and entropy generation in a cavity using compact finite-difference lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: KhakRah HamidReza , Hooshmand Payam , Ross David , Jamshidian Meysam 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the compact finite-difference lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate the free convection within a cavity.

Design/methodology/approach
The finite-difference discretization method enables the numerical simulations to be run when there are non-uniform and curvilinear grids with a finer near-wall grid resolution. Furthermore, the high-order method is applied in the numerical approach, which makes it possible to go with relatively coarse mesh in respect to simulations, which used classical lattice Boltzmann method. The configuration of the cavity is set to sine-walled square. In addition, the cavity is filled with Al2O3-water nanofluid, and the Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li model is used to estimate the properties of nanofluid.

Findings
The nanoparticle (Al2O3) concentration in the base fluid (water) is considered in a range of 0-0.04. The nanofluid flow and heat transfer are investigated in laminar regime with Rayleigh number in the range of 103-106. The second law analysis is used to study the effects of different governing parameters on the local and volumetric entropy generation. The Rayleigh number, configuration of the cavity and nanoparticle concentration are considered as the governing parameters. The results are mainly focused on the flow structure, temperature field, local and volumetric entropy generation and heat transfer performance.

Originality/value
The originality of this study is using of a modern numerical method supported by an accurate prediction for nanofluid properties to simulate the flow and heat transfer during natural convection in a cavity.
Bank diversity and SME innovation: evidence from China
Authors: Li Hongyu , Wu Junjie , Lu Zhiqiang 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between bank diversity and small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) firm innovation in China to evaluate the impact of recent bank deregulation.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a large data set that includes 8,143 firm-year observations of 1,122 listed SME firms in China and baseline and robustness regression analyses, the authors identify how bank diversity affects firm innovation and via what economic mechanisms. Potential endogeneity problems are considered and addressed in the design and analysis to minimize research bias.

Findings
The authors find robust evidence that bank diversity improves firm innovation. Specifically, the findings suggest that the positive effects of bank diversity on firm innovation are only significant for the firms which are more external finance dependent, have fewer growth opportunities and/or located in the provinces having low financial market development.

Originality/value
This study provides novel evidence and insights into the relationship between banking market structure and the determinants of firm innovation in the Chinese context, as a result of China’s banking deregulation.
Delving into children’s travel dreams: a qualitative investigation
Authors: Demirdelen Derya , Alrawadieh Ziad , Zareer Ahmed , Kizilirmak Ismail 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Drawing on a qualitative study approach using data collected from children in a primary school in Marmaris, Turkey, this study aims to intend to understand children’s vacation perceptions and preferences.

Design/methodology/approach
Students were asked to write a short composition describing where they would love to go for vacation (either in Turkey or abroad), why they would choose that destination(s) in particular and what they would do while on vacation. A task-based research technique was adopted, which is more adequate for research involving children participants. A total of 103 compositions were collected and a thematic content analysis was conducted. This approach has been widely used in tourism and hospitality research.

Findings
The findings revealed that children can clearly express their perceptions and preferences with regard to leisure activities. The majority of children wanted to visit overseas destinations (specifically, the USA, Germany and France), while a significant portion preferred local destinations within Turkey (specifically, Istanbul and Antalya). The desire for recreation and holiday, exploring new places and trying local foods and visiting families and relatives were identified as key travel motivations.

Originality/value
A key contribution of the current study lies in the fact that it adds to a research stream that shifts attention to insights gained directly from children rather relying on parents as a proxy. The paper has some theoretical and empirical implications.
Joining of AA6061 to polyvinyl chloride via hot extrusion
Authors: Abdullah Isam Tareq , Hussein Sabah Khammass , Hussein Abbas Khammas 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to join aluminium alloy AA6061 with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets using the friction spot technique.

Design/methodology/approach
The AA6061 specimen was drilled with a semi-conical hole and put over the PVC specimen with a lap configuration. A friction spot technique was used to generate the required heat to melt and extrude the PVC through the aluminium hole. In this study, three process parameters were used: time, plunging depth and rotating speed of the tool. Thermal finite element model was built to analyse the process temperature. Effect of the process parameters on the joint shear strength and temperature was analysed using the design of experiments method. The microstructure investigation of the joint cross section was examined.

Findings
The input heat melted and extruded the polymer into the aluminium hole with the aid of tool pressure. A mechanical interlock was observed at the interface line between the polymer and aluminium. The scattered aluminium fragments into the molten polymer increased the shear strength of the joint. The hole diameter exhibited the highest effect on the joint strength compared with the other parameters. Specimen of minimum hole diameter recorded the maximum shear strength of 224 MPa. The proposed model gave a good agreement with the experimental data.

Originality/value
For the first time, the PVC was joined with AA6061 by the hot extrusion using the friction spot technique. The shear strength of joint reached 7.5 times of the base material (PVC).
Repatriation: a qualitative study of repatriates after returning from China assignments
Authors: Kimber John A. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Companies expend significant resources on global assignees’ success during deployment. However, the broader repatriation experience of organizational expatriates and their families, beyond securing employment, is still largely unexplored. Thus, the purpose of this paper, an exploratory study, is to describe the repatriation experience of five US Christian repatriates who returned to the USA after long-term expatriate assignments in China.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative approach was employed, and data were collected through five open-ended interviews with US Christian repatriates, focusing on their social networks and family repatriation experiences.

Findings
Upon repatriation, most global assignees received assistance with relocation and securing stateside employment but no assistance with readjustment issues for themselves or their accompanying family members. Most found repatriation the most difficult part of the assignment, and home churches were of little assistance. The findings support the deterioration of home social networks during longer assignments and extend the literature’s findings to the expatriate spouse and families.

Originality/value
This exploratory study addresses the experiences of Christian US repatriates and their social support through work and non-work home social networks. The findings highlight the importance of intentional efforts by repatriates and their families to strengthen their home social connections in order to minimize repatriation difficulties.
Examining the role of customer engagement in augmenting referral value
Authors: Sahi Gurjeet Kaur , Devi Rita , Dash Satya Bhusan 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of a customer engagement-enabling platform on a value captured by the firm and value acquired by the customer. It explores the relevance of relational and expertise value for customers during the engagement process so as to ensure positive referrals about the service provider.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 482 students, the study examines the customer engagement efforts of professional institutes that provide training to prepare for the civil service examinations of the Union Public Service Commission. The survey is confined to central areas of New Delhi, India. Statistical techniques including confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling are used to analyse the data, and reliability and validity tests are performed.FindingsThe findings reveal the indispensable role of service providers as creators of a meaningful effective learning process and of interpersonal relations with customers for generating more business through customer referrals.Research limitations/implicationsThe study validated the moderating role of relational value between customers’ expertise value and their referrals on the basis of motivation theory, which asserts that customers’ motivation to contribute to the organisation is driven by the individuals’ extrinsic relational need for belongingness, acceptance by like-minded individuals, and feedback, recognition and respect from employees of the organisation.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing literature by integrating the well-developed social exchange and motivation theory so as to investigate the factors that propel customers’ positive word of mouth for the service provider.
Environmental management accounting practices and organizational performance: the mediating effect of information system
Authors: Mohd Fuzi Nursyazwani , Habidin Nurul Fadly , Janudin Sharul Effendy , Ong Sharon Yong Yee , Ku Bahador Ku Maisurah 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of information system (IS) on the relationship between environmental management accounting practices (EMAP) and organizational performance (OPM) for Malaysian manufacturing industry.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on survey data collected from 395 manufacturing companies in Malaysia. Validity and reliability analyses were performed using IBM SPSS and structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses.

Findings
The results indicated that EMAP positively and significantly to IS and OPM. This study also found that IS partially mediates the relationship between EMAP and OPM. This study also found that IS partially mediates the relationship between EMAP and OPM.

Research limitations/implications
This study has a number of limitations that need to be addressed in future research. First, the population and sample of survey respondents are only targeted in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. Second, this research only uses the survey technique and is conducted in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. Third, the limitation of this study would concern the difficulty to find EMAP and IS relationship literatures in the Malaysian manufacturing industry. However, the researchers consider that there is greater scope for investigation on the EMAP, IS and OPM relationships for Malaysian manufacturing industry.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by examining the mediating effect of IS on the relationship between EMAP and OPM for Malaysian manufacturing industry. Thus, it is expected that the results of this study have given valuable insight of the relationship between EMAP, IS on OPM for Malaysian manufacturing industry.
Promoting the mental and physical wellbeing of people with mental health difficulties through social enterprise
Authors: Hartley Sandra Elaine , Yeowell Gillian , Powell Susan Caron 
Published: October 2019

PurposeInterventions that promote both mental and physical wellbeing have been advocated for people with mental health difficulties, as they have been found to engage less in healthy behaviours and have lower levels of physical fitness. However, no optimal approach to facilitate this undertaking has been identified. The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of people with psychological distress who accessed a social enterprise that fosters the building of positive social networks in the community, as part of a personalised recovery programme. The intention was to gain an insight into its therapeutic effect in relation to mental and physical health.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory survey design was undertaken with a purposive sample of 50 individuals who had attended the enterprise. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were employed to analyse the data from both closed and open-ended questions.FindingsThe wellbeing service appeared to provide a supportive environment that offered people access to social networks through their participation in local services and activities. Fostering participants’ active participation, connection building and the ability to make meaningful contributions helped to facilitate health behaviours that had a positive impact on their health and wellbeing.Originality/valueThis study highlights the potential role of a social enterprise in optimising the social context for promoting the health and wellbeing of people with mental health difficulties.
The protective effect of olive cake treatment on oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, on serum, red blood cells and liver, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats fed cholesterol-enriched diet
Authors: Zidan Yahiaoui , Bouderbala Sherazede , Hayet Cherrad , Malika Bouchenak 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine the effect of olive cake (OC) on lipid peroxidation as well as antioxidant enzymes activities of serum, red blood cells (RBCs) and liver, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced-diabetic rat fed cholesterol-enriched diet.Design/methodology/approachHypercholesterolemic male rats were rendered diabetic (HC-D) by a single intraperitoneal injection dose of STZ (35 mg/kg BW). HC-D rats were divided into two groups fed for 28d a diet supplemented with OC at 7.5 percent (HC-D-OC) or not (HC-D). A control group (C) was submitted to standard diet containing 20 per cent casein for the same experimental period.FindingsRBCs, serum and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) contents were significantly increased in HC-D, compared to C group (p= 0.04,p= 0.02 and 0.03). These values were significantly decreased (48 per cent and 64 per cent;p= 0.02 andp= 0.0007) in serum and liver of HC-D-OC vs HC-D group. In RBCs, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were, respectively, 1.5, 2- and 1.7-fold higher (p= 0.03,p= 0.008 andp= 0.03) in HC-D group compared to HC group. In serum and liver, SOD, CAT and GST activities were, respectively, 1.3-, 2.6- and 1.6-fold increased (p= 0.03,p= 0.007 andp= 0.02). In HC-D-OC compared to HC-D group, RBCs glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), CAT and GST activities were, respectively, 2.1-, 3.3- and 2.1-fold higher (p= 0.04,p= 0.0009 andp= 0.03). In serum, SOD and CAT activities were, respectively, 1.5- and 1.9-fold increased (p= 0.02,p= 0.02). In liver, SOD, GSH-PX, CAT and GST activities were significantly increased (p= 0.005,p= 0.03,p= 0.02 andp= 0.04).Originality/valueIn diabetic rats-fed cholesterol-enriched diet, OC was able to reduce oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzymes activities in serum, RBCs and liver.
Macronutrients modulate survival to infection and immunity in Drosophila
Authors: Ponton Fleur , Morimoto Juliano , Robinson Katie , Kumar Sheemal S. , Cotter Sheena C. , Wilson Kenneth , Simpson Stephen J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Immunity and nutrition are two essential modulators of individual fitness. However, while the implications of immune function and nutrition on an individual's lifespan and reproduction are well established, the interplay between feeding behaviour, infection and immune function remains poorly understood. Asking how ecological and physiological factors affect immune responses and resistance to infections is a central theme of eco‐immunology.

In this study, we used the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, to investigate how infection through septic injury modulates nutritional intake and how macronutrient balance affects survival to infection by the pathogenic Gram‐positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus.

Our results show that infected flies maintain carbohydrate intake, but reduce protein intake, thereby shifting from a protein‐to‐carbohydrate (P:C) ratio of ~1:4 to ~1:10 relative to non‐infected and sham‐infected flies. Strikingly, the proportion of flies dying after M. luteus infection was significantly lower when flies were fed a low‐P high‐C diet, revealing that flies shift their macronutrient intake as means of nutritional self‐medication against bacterial infection.

These results are likely due to the effects of the macronutrient balance on the regulation of the constitutive expression of innate immune genes, as a low‐P high‐C diet was linked to an upregulation in the expression of key antimicrobial peptides.

Together, our results reveal the intricate relationship between macronutrient intake and resistance to infection and integrate the molecular cross‐talk between metabolic and immune pathways into the framework of nutritional immunology.
Winter damage is more important than summer temperature for maintaining the krummholz growth form above alpine treeline
Authors: Maher Colin T. , Nelson Cara R. , Larson Andrew J. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Understanding the processes that control alpine treelines, the elevational limits of tree growth forms, has been a central question in ecology and is growing in importance with concern over climate change. Cool summer air temperatures are currently thought to be the ultimate limiter of upright tree growth at alpine treelines globally. However, winter damage has long been recognized as a shaping force near alpine treelines. Low‐growing krummholz growth forms provide an opportunity to test hypotheses about the controls of upright growth in environments above current treelines.

To distinguish between effects of growing season temperature, winter damage and their interaction on preventing upright growth in krummholz, we conducted a field experiment on krummholz growth forms of Pinus albicaulis over the summer and winter of 2015–2016 at 10 mountain top sites in the Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana, USA. We experimentally manipulated four factors using a fully crossed design: shoot position (natural low position in the krummholz mat vs. propped up above the krummholz mat), summer warming (warming chamber vs. ambient), winter exposure (shelter cage vs. exposed), and elevation position (local high vs. low krummholz limits). We also conducted an observational study of the climatic conditions associated with recent natural emergent stem establishment from krummholz.

Experimentally propped shoots that were exposed in winter experienced the highest mortality (10%–50%), while propped shoots in shelter cages and shoots located within the krummholz mat, whether caged or not, had low mortality (0%–10%). Summer warming had little influence on shoot mortality. Surviving mat shoots had marginally higher growth rates than surviving propped shoots during the early growing season after treatments were established. Natural emergent stem establishment was associated with warmer than average summer temperatures, but also warmer winter temperatures, lower winter wind speeds, and lower snowpack.

Synthesis. Our results suggest winter damage plays a more important role than does growing season temperature in maintaining the krummholz growth form. While warming may increase opportunities for emergent shoot establishment above krummholz mats, establishment of upright trees in the krummholz zone will also require climatic change that reduces wind and snow transport which cause winter damage.