bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prótesis total con reservorio salival en un paciente con síndrome de Sjögren
Authors: Matiz Cuervo Jimmy 
Published: October 2019

Antecedentes: El síndrome de Sjögren es una enfermedad autoinmune que empieza a manifestarse hacia los 45 años de edad y cuya incidencia aumenta con la edad. La sintomatología en la cavidad oral se caracteriza por boca seca o xerostomía. Gran cantidad de pacientes que la padecen son portadores de prótesis totales debido a la pérdida dental en edades avanzadas. Objetivo: Describir el caso de un paciente con síndrome de Sjögren a quien se le elaboró una prótesis con reservorio salival para disminuir síntomas orales. Métodos: Se realizaron ensayos de laboratorio para elaborar los reservorios buscando resistencia estructural de la prótesis; facilidad de colocación y retiro de las tapas de los reservorios para permitir la limpieza de los depósitos; estética y que contuvieran la mayor cantidad posible de saliva artificial. Los diseños se probaron en el paciente. Resultados: Después de realizar ensayos de prueba de la prótesis en ambos maxilares, el paciente comentó sobre la facilidad de retiro de las tapas, ausencia de nauseas, fonética normal, higiene adecuada, comodidad, solución parcial al problema de xerostomía y duración aproximada de tres horas una vez llenos los reservorios. Conclusión: Los prototipos finales proporcionaron mejores condiciones de los reservorios y aumentaron la cantidad de saliva. Se recomienda realizar estudios clínicos controlados para confirmar los hallazgos de este caso.
Actitudes y prácticas ante la búsqueda de atención odontológica en personas de la ciudad de México. Estudio cualitativo
Authors: Zelocuatecatl Aguilar Alberto , Ávila Rosas Héctor , Caballero Peña Íngrid Natalli 
Published: October 2019

Antecedentes: La salud bucal es afectada por caries y enfermedad periodontal; ambas progresivas, irreversibles y cuyos efectos son acumulables con el tiempo. Sin embargo, son evitables cuando existen medidas preventivas y se busca la atención oportuna. Objetivo: Identificar las actitudes y prácticas que tienen las personas ante la búsqueda de atención odontológica. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo que identificó desde la subjetividad de los participantes, la experiencia y significado de la prevención y atención odontológicas; efectuado en 7 grupos focales con personas entre 18 y 60 años de edad. La muestra se definió por saturación teórica. Se diseñó y aplicó una guía semiestructurada para indagar sobre: Alternativas empleadas, búsqueda de atención, uso de los sistemas de salud y, experiencia de atención y salud bucal. Resultados: Se identificaron elementos que denotan ausencia de prevención. El dolor es referido como la principal manifestación de un problema y si éste es controlado, la búsqueda de atención se detiene. El sangrado de encía no es considerado relevante. Los procedimientos alternativos empleados antes de solicitar atención profesional son: automedicación, remedios caseros, consulta a empleados de farmacia y la internet. La búsqueda de atención se detuvo por: falta de tiempo y dinero, experiencias negativas previas (miedo, ansiedad), apatía, desidia y la pobre calidad de atención percibida en los servicios de salud. Conclusión: La falta de prevención está determinada por factores relacionados con el individuo y con el sistema de salud. La búsqueda de atención se hace con fines curativos o para reducir el daño resultante de consecuencias complejas y costosas en el tratamiento.
Molar superior con dos raíces palatinas: descripción de un caso
Authors: Tenorio Rocha Fernando , Campos Ibarra Paola , Camacho Hernández Alejandro , Dávila García Gabriela , Buelna Hernández Mariana 
Published: October 2019

Antecedentes: La morfología radicular en molares superiores presenta menos variabilidad anatómica, sin embargo, es muy importante tener en cuenta que existen alteraciones anatómicas, y que aun no están bien fundamentadas, se asocia a hiperactividad en la vaina epitelial de Hertwig o bien asociados a factores externos durante la odontogénesis. Descripción del caso: El presente artículo relata un caso de un segundo molar superior derecho con pulpitis irreversible sintomática, en el examen radiográfico se observa la existencia de una raíz supernumeraria palatina. Se realizó tratamiento endodontico con ProtaperNext® y se obturó con técnica lateral modificada con ultrasonido. Conclusión: Los molares con raíces supernumerarias requieren del conocimiento y experiencia del clínico para integrar los métodos de diagnóstico tales como exámenes radiográficos, tomográficos, de microscopía así como técnicas para el tratamiento endodóntico.
Semantic and Qualitative Physics-Based Reasoning on Plain-English Flow Terms for Generating Function Model Alternatives
Authors: Mao Xiaoyang , Sen Chiradeep 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In graph-based function models, the function verbs and flow nouns are usually chosen from predefined vocabularies. The vocabulary class definitions, combined with function modeling grammars defined at various levels of formalism, enable function-based reasoning. However, the text written in plain English for the names of the functions and flows is presently not exploited for formal reasoning. This paper presents a formalism (representation and reasoning) to support semantic and physics-based reasoning on the information hidden in the plain-English flow terms, especially for automatically decomposing black box function models, and to generate multiple design alternatives. First, semantic reasoning infers the changes of flow types, flow attributes, and the direction of those changes between the input and output flows attached to the black box. Then, a representation of qualitative physics is used to determine the material and energy exchanges between the flows and the function features needed to achieve them. Finally, a topological reasoning is used to infer multiple options of composing those function features into topologies and to thus generate multiple alternative decompositions of the functional black box. The data representation formalizes flow phases, flow attributes, qualitative value scales for the attributes, and qualitative physics laws. An eight-step algorithm manipulates these data for reasoning. This paper shows four validation case studies to demonstrate the workings of this formalism.
ACOUSTICAL STANDARDS NEWS
Authors: Blair-DeLeon Nancy A. , Struck Christopher J. 
Published: October 2019

American National Standards (ANSI Standards) developed by Accredited Standards Committees S1, S2, S3, S3/SC 1, and S12 in the areas of acoustics, mechanical vibration and shock, bioacoustics, animal bioacoustics, and noise, respectively, are published by the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). In addition to these standards, ASA publishes a catalog of Acoustical American National Standards. To receive out latest copy, please contact Nancy A. Blair-DeLeon at n.blairdeleon@asa.org.
Comments are welcomed on all material in Acoustical Standards News.
This Acoustical Standards News section in JASA, as well as the national catalog of Acoustical Standards and other information on the Standards Program of the Acoustical Society of America, are also available via the ASA home page: http://acousticalsociety.org.
Unilateral Elbow Flexion and Leg Press Training Induce Cross–Education But Not Global Training Gains in Children
Authors: Ben Othman Aymen , Chaouachi Mehdi , Makhlouf Issam , Farthing Jonathan P. , Granacher Urs , Behm David G. , Chaouachi Anis 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: Whereas cross-education has been extensively investigated with adults, there are far fewer youth investigations. Two studies suggested that children had greater global responses to unilateral knee extensor fatigue and training, respectively, than adults. The objective of this study was to compare global training responses and cross-education effects after unilateral elbow flexion (EFlex) and leg press (LP) training. Methods: Forty-three prepubertal youths (aged 10–13 y) were randomly allocated into dominant LP (n = 15), EFlex (n = 15) training groups, or a control (n = 13). Experimental groups trained 3 times per week for 8 weeks and were tested pretraining and posttraining for ipsilateral and contralateral 1-repetition maximum LP; knee extensor, knee flexors, elbow flexors; and handgrip maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC), and countermovement jump. Results:In comparison to no significant changes with the control group, dominant elbow flexors training demonstrated significant ( P < .001) improvements only with ipsilateral and contralateral upper body testing (EFlex MVIC [15.9–21.5%], EFlex 1-repetition maximum [22.9–50.8%], handgrip MVIC [5.5–13.8%]). Dominant LP training similarly exhibited only significant ( P < .001) improvements for ipsilateral and contralateral lower body testing (LP 1-repetition maximum [59.6–81.8%], knee extensor MVIC [12.4–18.3%], knee flexor MVIC [7.9–22.3%], and countermovement jump [11.1–18.1%]). Conclusions: The ipsilateral and contralateral training adaptations in youth were specific to upper or lower body training, respectively.
TIDieR checklist evaluation of clinical trial intervention reporting for recent FDA-approved anticancer medications
Authors: Wayant Cole , Bindernagel Richard , Vassar Matt 
Published: October 2019

ImportanceClear and comprehensive descriptions of clinical trial interventions are necessary to translate new results into clinical practice. The TIDieR checklist was developed to be a minimum set of key items considered essential to high-quality reporting of clinical trial interventions.ObjectiveTo determine the quality of reporting of recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved oncology interventions.DesignCross-sectional investigation.Setting/Participants/InterventionRecent, FDA-approved haematology/oncology anticancer interventions.Main outcome measureQuality of reporting.ResultsAcross all included trials (n=96), a median of 8–9 (out of 12) TIDieR items were reported. Seven TIDieR items had >90% adherence, including individual-level and study-level modifications of drugs and dosing schedules. Three items were less often reported: intervention provider, including training and expertise (7/192, 3.6%); trial institution infrastructure (0/192, 0.0%); and how intervention compliance was assessed (59/192, 30.7%). Publication of a protocol improved intervention reporting (p<0.001).ConclusionsIn this analysis of clinical trials of recent, FDA-approved anticancer interventions, we found good adherence to the TIDieR checklist. These studies were homogeneous in their structure and included information; some TIDieR items were always or never/rarely reported. Clinical trial effect sizes may not translate to real-world practice for a number of reasons. Thus, to aid the translation of trial effect sizes to real-world practice, we recommend authors adhere to the TIDieR checklist and describe the infrastructure of trial centres and describe who provided the intervention, along with their expertise.
Risk attitudes, risky sexual behaviours and willingness to test negative for syphilis using lottery-based financial incentives among Chinese men who have sex with men
Authors: Ong Jason J , Li Chang Chang , Fu HongYun , Nie Juan , Tang Weiming , Chang WeiBin , Smith M Kumi , Marks Michael , Yang Bin , Wang Cheng , Tucker Joseph 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundIndividuals with risk-loving attitudes may be more likely to participate in high-risk sex and gambling. We investigated whether a lottery-based financial incentive to have a negative syphilis test may attract Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) who practised risky sexual behaviours.MethodsIn July 2018, a national online cross-sectional survey was conducted in China. We collected information on willingness to participate in a lottery-based financial incentive where men were eligible if they tested negative for syphilis, and the minimum prize that would attract them to participate. We used a validated risk attitude scale which asked about the willingness to take risks in six domains, ranging from 0 (avoids taking risk) to 10 (fully prepared to take risks). To avoid multicollinearity, we used principal components analysis to create a ‘risk attitude index’. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression explored factors associated with willingness to test negative for syphilis.Results699 MSM enrolled with a median age of 26 years (IQR: 23–30). 70% self-identified as gay and 52% reported ever testing for syphilis. 64% stated they were likely or very likely to test for syphilis linked with a lottery-based incentive. The median desired amount for the lottery had an expected value of ¥10 (US$1.50, IQR: ¥5–¥30). Men who had greater odds of willingness to participate in the lottery-based incentive were those scoring highest on the risk attitude index (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.6, 95% CI 1.5 to 4.3), those reporting more than one sexual partner in the last 3 months (AOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.4), those who had not used condoms during their last sex (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.2) and those who ever had group sex (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.2).ConclusionChinese MSM with higher risk attitudes and who reported riskier sexual behaviours indicated greater interest in the concept of a lottery-based incentive for syphilis testing. A lottery-based incentive may be a promising strategy for promoting condom use among risk-loving men.
Impact of 24-h high and low fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyol diets on markers of exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome in response to exertional heat stress
Authors: Gaskell Stephanie K. , Taylor Bonnie , Muir Jane , Costa Ricardo J.S. 
Published: October 2019

The study aimed to determine the effects of 24-h high (HFOD) and low (LFOD) fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diets before exertional heat stress on gastrointestinal integrity, function, and symptoms. Eighteen endurance runners consumed a HFOD and a LFOD (double-blind crossover design) before completing 2 h of running at 60% maximal oxygen uptake in 35 °C ambient temperature. Blood samples were collected before and after exercise to determine plasma cortisol and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) concentrations, and bacterial endotoxin and cytokine profiles. Breath hydrogen (H2) and gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) were determined pre-exercise, every 15 min during, and in recovery. No differences were observed for plasma cortisol concentration between diets. Plasma I-FABP concentration was lower on HFOD compared with LFOD (p = 0.033). A trend for lower lipopolysaccharide binding protein (p = 0.088), but not plasma soluble CD14 (p = 0.478) and cytokine profile (p > 0.05), responses on HFOD was observed. A greater area under the curve breath H2 concentration (p = 0.031) was observed throughout HFOD (mean and 95% confidence interval: HFOD 2525 (1452–3597) ppm·4 h−1) compared with LFOD (1505 (1031–1978) ppm·4 h−1). HFOD resulted in greater severity of GIS compared with LFOD (pre-exercise, p = 0.017; during, p = 0.035; and total, p = 0.014). A 24-h HFOD before exertional heat stress ameliorates disturbances to epithelial integrity but exacerbates carbohydrate malabsorption and GIS severity in comparison with a LFOD. Novelty Twenty-four-hour high FODMAP diet ameliorated disturbances to gastrointestinal integrity. Twenty-four-hour high FODMAP diet results in greater carbohydrate malabsorption compared with low FODMAP diet. Incidence of GIS during exertional heat stress were pronounced on both low and high FODMAP diets, but greater GIS severity was observed with high FODMAP diet.
Two-flavor chiral perturbation theory at nonzero isospin: pion condensation at zero temperature
Authors: Adhikari Prabal , Andersen Jens O. , Kneschke Patrick 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we calculate the equation of state of two-flavor finite isospin chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order in the pion-condensed phase at zero temperature. We show that the transition from the vacuum phase to a Bose-condensed phase is of second order. While the tree-level result has been known for some time, surprisingly quantum effects have not yet been incorporated into the equation of state. We find that the corrections to the quantities we compute, namely the isospin density, pressure, and equation of state, increase with increasing isospin chemical potential. We compare our results to recent lattice simulations of 2 + 1 flavor QCD with physical quark masses. The agreement with the lattice results is generally good and improves somewhat as we go from leading order to next-to-leading order in $$\chi $$χPT.
Design and Baseline Characteristics of the Finerenone in Reducing Kidney Failure and Disease Progression in Diabetic Kidney Disease Trial
Authors: Bakris George L. , Agarwal Rajiv , Anker Stefan D. , Pitt Bertram , Ruilope Luis M. , Nowack Christina , Kolkhof Peter , Ferreira Anna C. , Schloemer Patrick , Filippatos Gerasimos ,   on behalf of the FIDELIO-DKD study investigators
Published: October 2019

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Among diabetics, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality, and progression of their underlying disease. Finerenone is a novel, non-steroidal, selective mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist which has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on renal and CV outcomes has not been investigated in long-term trials yet. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Finerenone in Reducing Kidney Failure and Disease Progression in Diabetic Kidney Disease ­(FIDELIO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important renal and CV outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIDELIO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 5.5 years. FIDELIO-DKD randomized 5,734 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥25–&#x3c;75 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30–≤5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level α = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of kidney failure, a sustained decrease of eGFR ≥40% from baseline over at least 4 weeks, or renal death. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> FIDELIO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of renal and CV events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen.
Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality in American Indians Over 25 Years: The Strong Heart Study
Authors: Muller Clemma J. , Noonan Carolyn J. , MacLehose Richard F. , Stoner Julie A. , Lee Elisa T. , Best Lyle G. , Calhoun Darren , Jolly Stacey E. , Devereux Richard B. , Howard Barbara V. 
Published: October 2019

Background
American Indians experience high rates of cardiovascular disease. We evaluated whether cardiovascular disease incidence, mortality, and prevalence changed over 25 years among American Indians aged 30 to 85.

Methods and Results
The SHS (Strong Heart Study) and SHFS (Strong Heart Family Study) are prospective studies of cardiovascular disease in American Indians. Participants enrolled in 1989 to 1990 or 2000 to 2003 with birth years from 1915 to 1984 were followed for cardiovascular disease events through 2013. We used Poisson regression to analyze data for 5627 individuals aged 30 to 85 years during follow‐up. Outcomes reflect change in age‐specific cardiovascular disease incidence, mortality, and prevalence, stratified by sex. To illustrate generational change, 5‐year relative risk compared most recent birth years for ages 45, 55, 65, and 75 to same‐aged counterparts born 1 generation (23–25 years) earlier. At all ages, cardiovascular disease incidence was lower for people with more recent birth years. Cardiovascular disease mortality declined consistently among men, while prevalence declined among women. Generational comparisons were similar for women aged 45 to 75 (relative risk, 0.39–0.46), but among men magnitudes strengthened from age 45 to 75 (relative risk, 0.91–0.39). For cardiovascular disease mortality, risk was lower in the most recent versus the earliest birth years for women (relative risk, 0.56–0.83) and men (relative risk, 0.40–0.54), but results for women were inconclusive.

Conclusions
Cardiovascular disease incidence declined over a generation in an American Indian cohort. Mortality declined more for men, while prevalence declined more for women. These trends might reflect more improvement in case survival among men compared with women.
Proximity to wastewater effluent alters behaviour in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis machrochirus)
Authors: McLean Adrienne R. , Du Sherry N.N. , Choi Jasmine A. , Culbert Brett M. , McCallum Erin S. , Scott Graham R. , Balshine Sigal 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWastewater from municipal, agricultural and industrial sources is a pervasive contaminant of aquatic environments worldwide. Most studies that have investigated the negative impacts of wastewater on organisms have taken place in a laboratory. Here, we tested whether fish behaviour is altered by exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of wastewater effluent in the field. We caged bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) for 28 days at two sites downstream (adjacent to and 870 m) from a wastewater treatment plant and at a reference site without wastewater inputs. We found that exposed fish had a dampened response to simulated predation compared to unexposed fish, suggesting that fish may be at greater risk of predation after exposure to wastewater effluent. Fish held at the different sites did not differ in activity and exploration. Our results suggest that predator avoidance may be impaired in fish exposed to wastewater effluent, which could have detrimental implications for aquatic communities.
Misty Transcendence and the Irony of (Dis)belief
Authors: Barrett Nick 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn the late 1970s and ’80s, a new generation of Chinese poets emerged with a powerful critique of the state’s aggressive political reforms. After the 1976 Tiananmen Square incident, the Bejing poet Zaho Zhenkai (known as Bei Dao) wrote a startling poem titled “The Answer” about his refusal to believe in the unquestioned ultimacy of China’s worldview. Bei Dao’s unique style of poetry helped readers make new associations that were otherwise inaccessible to them. This article examines Bei Dao’s use of metaphor in “The Answer” through the lens of the aesthetic philosopher Lambert Zuidervaart and suggests that the poet’s use of self-controverting metaphors makes an absent reality graspable and present. The article then considers the role of public theology as it listens to the witness of the poet’s bewildering evocation of accessing “the real” through disbelief. In consideration of Herman Bavinck’s essay On Contemporary Ethics, this article suggests that theologians (and religious practitioners) should resist the temptation to control the artist’s expression even when it limps with narcissism and moral deficiency. Instead, the theologian (and the church) should fight alongside the artist in helping them to share their staggering vision or, in Bei Dao’s case, the transcendent power of resiliency sustained by the shadows of the dead. This article aims to generate a fruitful dialogue between Bei Dao and the Reformed theological tradition that underscores the uncanny importance of disbelief as an alternative strategy for cultural transformation and faithful proclamation.