bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified silicone stent for the treatment of post-surgical bronchopleural fistula: A clinical observation of 17 cases
Authors: Zeng Junli , Wu Xuemei , Chen Zhide , Zhang Meihua , Ke Mingyao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Bronchopleural fistula is a rare but life-threatening event with limited therapeutic options. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the modified silicone stent in patients with post-surgical bronchopleural fistula.Methods: Between March 2016 and April 2020, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 17 patients with bronchopleural fistula and who underwent bronchoscopic placement of the Y-shaped silicone stent. The rate of initial success, clinical success and clinical cure, and complications were analyzed.Results: Stent placement was successful in 16 patients in the first attempt (initial success rate: 94.1%). The median follow-up time was 107 (range, 5-431) days. All patients achieved amelioration of respiratory symptoms. The clinical success rate was 76.5%. Of the 14 patients with empyema, the daily drainage was progressively decreased in 11 patients, and empyema completely disappeared in six patients. Seven stents were removed during follow-up: four (26.7%) for the cure of fistula, two for severe proliferation of granulomatous tissue and one for stent dislocation. No severe adverse events (i.e. massive hemoptysis, suture dehiscence) took place. Seven patients died (due to progression of malignancy, uncontrolled infection, myocardial infarction and left heart failure).Conclusions: The modified silicone stent may be an effective and safe option for patients with post-surgical bronchopleural fistula patients in whom conventional therapy is contraindicated.
Maternal Death Surveillance and Response in Tanzania: Comprehensiveness of narrative summaries and action points from maternal death reviews
Authors: Said Ali , Pembe Andrea B. , Massawe Siriel , Hanson Claudia , Malqvist Mats 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Maternal deaths reviews are proposed as one strategy to address high maternal mortality in low and middle-income countries, including Tanzania. Review of maternal deaths relies on comprehensive documentation of medical records that can reveal the sequence of events leading to death. The World Health Organization’s and the Tanzanian Maternal Death and Surveillance (MDSR) system propose the use of narrative summaries during maternal death reviews for discussing the case to categorize causes of death, identify gaps in care and recommend action plans to prevent deaths. Suggested action plans are recommended to be Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Time bound (SMART). To identify gaps in documenting information and developing recommendations, comprehensiveness of written narrative summaries and action plans were assessed. Methods A total of 76 facility maternal deaths that occurred in two regions in Southern Tanzania in 2018 were included for analysis. Using a prepared checklist from Tanzania 2015 MDSR guideline, we assessed comprehensiveness by presence or absence of items in four domains, each with several attributes. These were socio-demographic characteristics, antenatal care, referral information and events that occurred after admission. Less than 75% completeness of attributes in all domains was considered poor while 95% and above were good/comprehensive. Action plans were assessed by application of SMART criteria and according to the place of planned implementation (community, facility or higher level of health system).Results Almost half of narrative summaries (49%) scored poor, and only1% scored good/comprehensive. Summaries missed key information such as demographic characteristics, time between diagnosis of complication and commencing treatment (65%), investigation results (47%), summary of case evolution (51%) and referral information (47%). A total of 285 action points were analysed. Most action points, 242(85%), recommended strategies to be implemented at health facilities and were mostly about service delivery, 120(42%). Only 42% (32/76) of the action points were deemed to be SMART.Conclusions Abstraction of information to prepare narrative summaries used in the MDSR system is inadequately done. Most recommendations were unspecific with a focus on improving quality of care in health facilities
Acceptability of a Complex Team-based Quality Improvement Intervention for Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Damush Teresa M , Penney Lauren S. , Miech Edward J. , Rattray Nicholas A. , Baird Sean A. , Cheatham Ariel J. , Austin Charles , Sexson Ali , Myers Laura J. , Bravata Dawn M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The Protocol-guided Rapid Evaluation of Veterans Experiencing New Transient Neurologic Symptoms (PREVENT) program was a complex quality improvement (QI) intervention targeting transient ischemic attack (TIA) evidence-based care. The aim of this study was to evaluate program acceptability among the QI teams and factors associated with degrees of acceptability.Methods: QI teams from six Veterans Administration facilities participated in active implementation for a one-year period. We employed mixed methods to evaluate program acceptability. Multiple data sources were collected over implementation phases and triangulated for this evaluation. First, we conducted 30 onsite, semi-structured interviews during active implementation with 35 participants at 6 months; 27 interviews with 28 participants at 12 months; and 19 participants during program sustainment. Second, we collected participant automated response survey data during the team kick-off meeting. Third, we conducted debriefing meetings after onsite visits and monthly virtual collaborative calls. All interviews and debriefings were audiotaped, transcribed, and de-identified. De-identified files were qualitatively coded and analyzed for common themes and acceptability patterns. We conducted mixed-methods matrix analyses comparing acceptability by satisfaction ratings and by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA). Results: Overall, the QI teams reported the PREVENT program was acceptable. At pre-implementation phase, reviewing quality data, team brainstorming solutions and development of action plans were rated as most useful during the team kickoff meetings. Program acceptability perceptions varied over time across active implementation and after teams accomplished actions plans and moved into sustainment. We observed team acceptability growth over a year of active implementation in concert with the QI team’s self-efficacy to improve quality of care. Guided by the TFA, the QI teams’ acceptability was represented by the respective seven components of the multifaceted acceptability construct.Conclusions: Program acceptability varied by time, by champion role on QI team, by team self-efficacy, and by perceived effectiveness to improve quality of care aligned with the TFA. A complex quality improvement program that fostered flexibility in local adaptation and supported users with access to data, resources, and implementation strategies was deemed acceptable and appropriate by front-line clinicians implementing practice changes in a large, national healthcare organization.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02769338
Use of Probiotics to Reduce Infections and Death and Prevent Colonization with Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) Producing Bacteria among Newborn Infants in Tanzania (ProRIDE Trial): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Kuwelker Kanika , Langeland Nina , Löhr Iren , Gidion Joshua , Manyahi Joel , Moyo Sabrina , Blomberg Bjørn , Klingenberg Claus 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) has emerged as an urgent global health threat, and is by World Health Organization ranked as priority 1 among pathogens in need of new treatment. Studies have shown high mortality in Tanzanian children with ESBL-E infections. Gut colonization of ESBL-E, which is a potential risk factor of ESBL-E infections, is reported to be very high among children in Tanzania. Probiotics may potentially reduce gut colonization of multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, there is limited data on whether probiotics may reduce ESBL-E carriage in infants. The ProRIDE Trial aims to evaluate whether the use of probiotics can reduce morbidity and mortality among infants in Haydom, Tanzania, and whether this effect is mediated through prevention of ESBL-E carriage. Methods/Design: This large randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial aims to recruit 2000 newborn infants at Haydom Lutheran Hospital and the surrounding area in the period of November 2020 to November 2021. Participants will be enrolled from day 0-3 after birth, and randomized to receive probiotics or placebo for four weeks. Participants will be followed up for six months, during which three visits will be made to collect clinical and demographic information, as well as rectal swabs and fecal samples which will be subjected to laboratory analysis. The primary composite outcome is the prevalence of death and/or hospitalization at six months of age. Discussion: As the use of probiotics may give a more favorable gut composition, and thereby improve health and reduce morbidity and mortality, the results may have implications for future therapy guidelines in Africa and internationally. Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov , Trial identifier NCT04172012, Registered 21 November 2019
Tocilizumab improves survival in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with persistent hypoxia: A retrospective cohort study with follow-up from Mumbai, India
Authors: Gokhale Yojana , Mehta Rakshita , Kulkarni Uday , Karnik Nitin , Gokhale Sushant , Sundar Uma , Chavan Swati , Kor Akshay , Thakur Sonal , Triwedi Tripti , Kumar Naveen , Baveja Sujata , Wadal Aniket , Kolte Shaonak , Deolankar Aukshan , Pednekar Sangeeta , Kalekar Lalana , Padiyar Rupal , Londhe Charulata , Darole Pramod , Pol Sujata , Gokhe Seema Bansode , Padwal Namita , Pandey Dharmendra , Yadav Dhirendra , Joshi Anagha , Badgujar Harshal , Trivedi Mayuri , Shah Priyanshu , Bhavsar Prerna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cytokine storm triggered by Severe Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality. With high ‘Interlukin -6’ (IL-6) levels reported in COVID-19 related deaths in China1, IL-6 is considered to be the key player in COVID-19 cytokine storm. Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor, is used on compassionate grounds for treatment of COVID-19 cytokine storm. The aim of this study was to assess effect of tocilizumab on mortality due to COVID-19 cytokine storm.Method: This retrospective, observational study included patients of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with persistent hypoxia (defined as saturation 94% or less on supplemental Oxygen of 15 L per minute through non-rebreathing mask or PaO2/FiO2 ratio of less than 200) who were admitted to a tertiary care center in Mumbai, India, between 31st March to 5th July 2020. In addition to standard care, single Inj. Tocilizumab 400mg was given intravenously to 151 consecutive COVID-19 patients with persistent hypoxia, from 13th May to 5th July 2020. These 151 patients were retrospectively analysed and compared with historic controls, i.e consecutive COVID-19 patients with persistent hypoxia, defined as stated above (N=118, from our first COVID-19 admission on 31st March to 12th May 2020 i.e, till tocilizumab was available in hospital). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed for identifying predictors of survival. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 26. Results: On multivariate Cox regression analysis, independent predictors of survival were use of tocilizumab (HR 0.621, 95% CI 0.427-0.903, P 0.013) and higher oxygen saturation.Conclusion: Tocilizumab improved survival in severe COVID-19 pneumonia with persistent hypoxia
Natural Plus Synthetic Hydrotropic Solubilization using Response Surface
Methodology to Optimize the Solid Dispersion of Hydrochlorothiazide
Authors: Saharawat Arun , Deepali  , Nainwal Nidhi 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Solubility/dissolution is said to be the key factor that influences the oral bioavailability of drug and
is also the rate limiting step in formulation development.

Objective:
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCZ) is a BCS Class IV drug with low solubility and low permeability. The present work
aimed to increase the solubility of hydrochlorothiazide using blends of natural and synthetic hydrotropes.

Methods:
Two hydrotropes one from natural (piperazine) and other from synthetic origin (sodium benzoate) were selected
for the formulation of solid dispersion (SD) of HCZ. Preliminary trial batches were prepared by considering the safe dose of
both the selected hydrotropes i.e. sodium benzoate (SB) and piperazine (PP). A 32 full factorial design was opted for
preparing the optimized solid dispersion of hydrochlorothiazide.

Results:
The quadratic models were found to be best fitted for the studied responses, which were percent solubility and invitro drug release. The results showed increased solubility and in-vitro drug release of HCZ solid dispersions as a function
of increasing levels of both hydrotropes.

Conclusion:
In this work, it was concluded that the use of natural hydrotropes along with synthetic hydrotropes gave an
effective and safe approach for the solubility enhancement of the HCZ.
Study of the Parameters Affecting the Loading of Fluorescein on Coated Gold Nanoparticles: Promising Nanostructure for Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Hendi Nazanin , Shakeri-Zadeh Ali , Attaran Neda , Alamzadeh Zahra , Asefnejad Azadeh 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to the use of nanomaterials in the diagnosis
of cancer by imaging techniques.

Objective:
This study aimed to synthesize fluorescein-conjugated gold nanoparticles and study the parameters
affecting the loading of fluorescein on synthesized coated gold nanoparticles with the ability to be used in medical
diagnostic methods.

Methods:
The synthesized gold nanoparticles were functionalized with polyethylene glycol. Then, these particles
were conjugated with fluorescein under different conditions. To investigate the optical and structural features
as well as the factors affecting the loading, the nanoparticles were evaluated by ultraviolet-visible, fluorescence
and FT-IR spectrophotometer, fluorescence spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic
light scattering, and zeta potential measuring device. Also, the use of these particles in cancer diagnosis
on the skin melanoma cell (B16F10) was examined using a fluorescence microscope.

Results:
PEG-coated spherical gold nanoparticles were synthesized as a carrier for the fluorescein dye detector.
The coating agent concentration, incubation time, temperature, and pH of the medium affected the loading efficiency
of fluorescein on the nanoparticles. Also, optimal conditions for use in the diagnostic applications were
investigated. Ten micromolar of the sample were selected for cell imaging studies. The fluorescence signal of
B16F10 cells containing nanoparticles was relatively strong, indicating the amount of nanoparticles uptaken by
the cells.

Conclusion:
The results showed that by designing fluorescent gold nanoparticles with fluorescein as fluorescent
detectors and considering their diagnostic importance, an efficient way to diagnose incurable diseases can
be found.
Pharmacological Strategies for COVID-19 - A Review of the Most Promising Repurposed Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Chopra Deepti , Boparai Jaspreet K , Bhandari Bharti , Srivastava Anurag , Gupta Rakesh 
Published: December 2020

:
A novel coronavirus, SARS- CoV-2 (2019-nCoV), emerged in December 2019 as an immediate
global challenge. Comprehensive efforts at the present time are focused simultaneously on
containing the spread of this virus and extenuating the ill effects. There is an immediate need for
drugs that can help before a vaccine can be developed. Researchers are endeavoring to find antiviral
therapies specific to the virus. As the condition is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation and
development of new drugs is a long process, and is unfeasible to face the immediate global challenge.
Strategy to reposition the previously used drugs can prove to be effective to combat this difficult
to treat pandemic. Several drugs such as Hydroxychloroquine, Umifenovir, Remdesivir, Lopinavir/
Ritonavir, interferon, Darunavir, Favipiravir, Nitazoxanide, etc. are currently undergoing clinical
studies to test the safety and efficacy of the drug against this pandemic. The present review
gives a snapshot look at the current clinical experience with repurposed antiviral drugs.
PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI KEWIRAUSAHAAN MAHASISWA FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER UNIVERSITAS BUNG KARNO
Authors: Kurnia Mega Tri 
Published: December 2020

Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bung Karno (FIKOM UBK) merupakan salah satu dari lima fakultas yang ada di Universitas Bung Karno. Jumlah mahasiswa aktif FIKOM UBK per tahun 2018 adalah 914 orang, dari 914 mahasiswa tersebut terdapat hanya 53 mahasiswa yang mulai merintis kewirausahaan. Kecilnya jumlah mahasiswa dan alumni FIKOM UBK yang merintis dan terlibat kewirausahaan disebabkan oleh beberapa hal, salah satunya adalah sistem pembelajaran yang diterapkan masih terfokus mempersiapkan mahasiswa untuk lulus tepat waktu dan mendapatkan pekerjaan, bukan lulusan yang siap menciptakan pekerjaan (job seekers). Solusi Tim pengabdi Program Pengembangan Potensi Kewirausahaan (PPK) untuk terhadap masalah ini adalah adalah menawarkan model pengajaran dan pelatihan kewirausahaan kepada mahasiswa FIKOM UBK melalui Pengembangan Potensi Kewirausahaan FIKOM UBK (PPK FIKOM UBK). Metode pendekatan PPK FIKOM UBK yang digunakan adalah Metode Pendekatan Participatory Action Learning System (PALS). metode PALS menitik beratkan peranan peserta secara aktif dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga terbentuk sistem pembelajaran yang partisipatif, metode ini terdiri dari tiga fase, yakni (1) fase penyadaran kewirausahaan (awareness), (2) fase pengkapasitasan dan pendampingan kewirausahaan (entrepreneurship capacity building), dan (3) fase pelembagaan (institutionalization). Hasil dari kegiatan PPK FIKOM UBK adalah berhasil mengembangkan potensi kewirausahaan mahasiswa dengan bukti berdirinya enam wirausaha baru yang kreatif dan inovatif serta tingginya minat dan motivasi mahasiswa untuk berwirausaha
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH, PEMASARAN ONLINE DAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN BAGI USAHA UKIRAN BATU PADAS
Authors: Oka Sudiadnyani I Gusti Agung 
Published: December 2020

Seni ukir batu padas merupakan salah satu seni telah ada secara turun menurun pada kabupaten Gianyar. Produk relief ukiran batu padas ini banyak diminati oleh masyarakat dikarenakan dapat menimbulkan kesan alami pada bangunan. Salah satu usaha kerajinan ukir batu padas adalah usaha kerajinan batu padas milik I Gede Bokah yang merupakan mitra dalam kegiatan ini. Lokasi mitra berada pada Dusun Kederi Gianyar. Pada saat ini, terdapat beberapa kendala berupa keterbatasan alat bantu produksi dan alat pemanfaatan limbah batu padas, kurangnya manajemen keuangan serta keterbatasan dalam hal pemasaran. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dihadapi, maka akan dilakukan kegiatan bertahap mulai manajemen produksi sampai pemasaran. Kegiatan yang telah dilakukan antara lain : sosialisasi, pemberian peralatan sebagai alat bantu produksi dan pemanfaatan limbah batu padas seperti mesin gerinda dan alat penghancur bahan baku batu padas, pelatihan manajemen keuangan, pembuatan plang nama mitra, dan pembuatan media sosial. Indikator capaian adalah peningkatan jumlah produksi hingga 50%, mitra mempunyai media sosial facebook dan instagram sebagai media pemasaran, 1 orang anggota usaha dapat mempunyai pembukuan dan pencatatan keuangan dan 1 orang anggota usaha dapat melakukan pengelolaan terhadap content media sosial
Dajare (駄洒落) dalam Animasi Shirokuma Café Episode 1-10 Karya Higa Aloha
Authors: Andarwati Titien Wahyu , Fransiska Devinta Anastasia 
Published: December 2020

Bahasa adalah alat komunikasi yang digunakan manusia untuk saling berinteraksi. Bahasa dapat secara sengaja maupun tidak disengaja diubah menjadi sebuah permainan kata. Salah satu permainan kata dalam bahasa Jepang adalah dajare. Dajare dikenal sebagai banyolan yang hambar. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari orang Jepang, jarang ditemukan percakapan dengan menggunakan dajare. Hal ini dikarenakan dajare dianggap sebagai lelucon orang tua. Namun, dalam animasi Shirokuma Cafe terdapat dajare hampir di setiap episode. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dajare dalam animasi Shirokuma Café karya Higa Aloha, khususnya Near-homophonic dajare. Penelitian ini menggunakan klasifikasi dajare yang dikemukakan oleh Takashi Otake. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang ditemukan adalah 10 cuplikan percakapan yang di dalamnya terdapat 34 dajare. Setelah dianalisis diketahui dari 34 dajare, 30 dajare termasuk ke dalam Near-homophonic dajare yang pembentukannya dilakukan dengan mengubah segmen, yaitu mengubah vokal (V-Change), konsonan (C-Change), dan mora (M-Change).
Kata kunci: dajare; Near-homophonic dajare ; Shirokuma Cafe
Aortic Valve Plasty during Correction of Combined Mitral-Aortic Valve Diseases
Authors: Bolshak O. , Boukarim V. , Vitovskiy R. , Bakhovska Yu. , Popov V. 
Published: December 2020

The aim. To study the experience of valve-preserving operations on the aortic valve combined with plasty of the left atrium in patients with atriomegaly (the first clinical experience).
Materials and methods. The study included 1890 patients with combined mitral-aortic valve diseases (CMAVD) who were undergoing surgical treatment at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine in the period from 01/01/2006 to 01/01/2020. Of these, 156 (8.3%) underwent reconstructive intervention on the aortic valve during mitral valve replacement (MVR).
Valve sparing procedures performed: - aortic valvotomy (93 patients); - aortic valvotomy + debridgment (30 patients); - aortic valvotomy + leaflet plication (4 patients); - removal of vegetation from the aortic valve (7 patients); - applying a patch of autopericardium on a leaflet (7 patients); - carpentier aortic valve annuloplication (2 patients); - aortic valve debridgment (12 patients); - aortic valve decalcification + Morrow operation (1 patient).
All operations were performed under conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and moderate hypothermia (28-32 °C). Myocardial protection was carried out mainly by means of ante-retrograde pharmaco-cold cardioplegia with Custodiol solution in combination with external cooling of the heart.
The time of aortic clamping was 82.4 ± 12.1 minutes, and the time of CPB was 117.5 ± 21.5 minutes. In 689 (78.4%) operated patients, blood loss was within 450 ml. In 29 (18.6%) patients, donor blood components were not used at the hospital stage.
Conclusions. On the basis of the clinical experience gained, it seems appropriate to recommend reconstructive interventions on aortic valve with moderate changes in it in order to avoid traumatic two-valve prosthetics in the correction of combined mitral-aortic defects and to improve the survival rates and stability of good results.