bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term fate of etoposide-induced micronuclei and micronucleated cells in Hela-H2B-GFP cells
Authors: Reimann Hauke , Stopper Helga , Hintzsche Henning 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMicronuclei are small nuclear cellular structures containing whole chromosomes or chromosomal fragments. While there is a lot of information available about the origin and formation of micronuclei, less is known about the fate of micronuclei and micronucleated cells. Possible fates include extrusion, degradation, reincorporation and persistence. Live cell imaging was performed to quantitatively analyse the fates of micronuclei and micronucleated cells occurring in vitro. Imaging was conducted for up to 96 h in HeLa-H2B-GFP cells treated with 0.5, 1 and 2 µg/ml etoposide. While a minority of micronuclei was reincorporated into the main nucleus during mitosis, the majority of micronuclei persisted without any alterations. Degradation and extrusion were observed rarely or never. The presence of micronuclei affected the proliferation of the daughter cells and also had an influence on cell death rates. Mitotic errors were found to be clearly increased in micronucleus-containing cells. The results show that micronuclei and micronucleated cells can, although delayed in cell cycle, sustain for multiple divisions.
Perinatal fluoxetine treatment and dams’ early life stress history have opposite effects on aggressive behavior while having little impact on sexual behavior of male rat offspring
Authors: Houwing Danielle J. , Esquivel-Franco Diana C. , Ramsteijn Anouschka S. , Schuttel Kirsten , Struik Eline L. , Arling Chantal , de Boer Sietse F. , Olivier Jocelien D. A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Rationale
Many depressed women continue antidepressant treatment during pregnancy. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment during pregnancy increases the risk for abnormal social development of the child, including increased aggressive or defiant behavior, with unknown effects on sexual behavior.

Objectives
Our aim was to investigate the effects of perinatal SSRI treatment and maternal depression, both separately and combined, on aggressive and sexual behavior in male rat offspring.

Methods
Heterozygous serotonin transporter (SERT± ) knockout dams exposed to early life stress (ELSD) were used as an animal model of maternal depression. Early life stress consisted of separating litters from their mother for 6 h a day on postnatal day (PND)2–15, resulting in a depressive-like phenotype in adulthood. Depressive-like dams were treated with fluoxetine (FLX, 10 mg/kg) or vehicle throughout pregnancy and lactation (gestational day 1 until PND 21). Male offspring were tested for aggressive and sexual behavior in adulthood. As lifelong reductions in SERT expression are known to alter behavioral outcome, offspring with normal (SERT+/+) and reduced (SERT± ) SERT expression were assessed.

Results
Perinatal FLX treatment reduced offensive behavior and the number of animals attacking and increased the latency to attack, especially in SERT+/+ offspring. Perinatal FLX treatment reduced the mounting frequency in SERT+/+ offspring. ELSD increased offensive behavior, without affecting sexual behavior in SERT± offspring.

Conclusions
Overall, our research demonstrates that perinatal FLX treatment and ELSD have opposite effects on aggressive behavior, with little impact on sexual behavior of male offspring.
Safety of azithromycin in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zeng Linan , Xu Peipei , Choonara Imti , Bo Zhenyan , Pan Xiangchen , Li Wenyan , Ni Xiaofeng , Xiong Tao , Chen Can , Huang Leshan , Qazi Shamim Ahmad , Mu Dezhi , Zhang Lingli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the toxicity of azithromycin in neonates, infants, and children.

Methods
A systematic review was performed for relevant studies using Medline (Ovid), PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, CINAHL, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts. We calculated the pooled incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with azithromycin based on prospective studies (RCTs and prospective cohort studies) and analyzed the risk difference (RD) of ADRs between azithromycin and placebo or other antibiotics using meta-analysis of RCTs.

Results
We included 133 studies with 4243 ADRs reported in 197,675 neonates, infants, and children who received azithromycin. The safety of azithromycin as MDA in pediatrics was poorly monitored. The main ADRs were diarrhea and vomiting. In prospective non-MDA studies, the most common toxicity was gastrointestinal ADRs (938/1967; 47.7%). The most serious toxicities were cardiac (prolonged QT or irregular heart beat) and idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). Compared with placebo, azithromycin did not show increased risk ADRs based on RCTs (risk difference − 0.17 to 0.07). The incidence of QT prolonged was higher in the medium-dosage group (10–30 mg/kg/day) than that of low-dosage group (≤ 10 mg/kg/day) (82.0% vs 1.2%).

Conclusion
The safety of azithromycin as MDA needs further evaluation. The most common ADRs are diarrhea and vomiting. The risk of the most serious uncommon ADRs (cardiac-prolonged QT and IHPS) is unknown.
Multimodal validation of focal enhancement in intracranial aneurysms as a surrogate marker for aneurysm instability
Authors: Larsen Naomi , Flüh Charlotte , Saalfeld Sylvia , Voß Samuel , Hille Georg , Trick David , Wodarg Fritz , Synowitz Michael , Jansen Olav , Berg Philipp 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Circumferential enhancement on MR vessel wall imaging has been proposed as a biomarker of a higher risk of rupture in intracranial aneurysms. Focal enhancement is frequently encountered in unruptured aneurysms, but its implication for risk stratification and patient management remains unclear. This study investigates the association of focal wall enhancement with hemodynamic and morphological risk factors and histologic markers of wall inflammation and degeneration.

Methods
Patients with an unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm who underwent 3D rotational angiography and 3T MR vessel wall imaging showing focal wall enhancement were included. Hemodynamic parameters were calculated based on flow simulations and compared between enhanced regions and the entire aneurysm surface. Morphological parameters were semiautomatically extracted and quantitatively associated with wall enhancement. Histological analysis included detection of vasa vasorum, CD34, and myeloperoxidase staining in a subset of patients.

Results
Twenty-two aneurysms were analyzed. Enhanced regions were significantly associated with lower AWSS, lower maxOSI, and increased LSA. In multivariate analysis, higher ellipticity index was an independent predictor of wall enhancement. Histologic signs of inflammation and degeneration and higher PHASES score were significantly associated with focal enhancement.

Conclusion
Focal wall enhancement is colocalized with hemodynamic factors that have been related to a higher rupture risk. It is correlated with morphological factors linked to rupture risk, higher PHASES score, and histologic markers of wall destabilization. The results support the hypothesis that focal enhancement could serve as a surrogate marker for aneurysm instability.
18F‐fluorocholine PET/CT in MEN1 Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Gauthé Mathieu , Dierick‐Gallet Anne , Delbot Thierry , Bricaire Léopoldine , Bertherat Jérôme , North Marie‐Odile , Cochand‐Priollet Beatrix , Bouchard Phillipe , Talbot Jean‐Noël , Groussin Lionel , Gaujoux Sébastien 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrimary hyperparathyroidism (HPT1) is the most frequent endocrinopathy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Its surgical management is challenging. We aimed to describe and compare the imaging findings of parathyroid ultrasound (US), sestaMIBI scintigraphy (sestaMIBI), and 18F‐fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT in a series of MEN1 patients with HPT1.MethodsRetrospective analysis of a cohort of MEN1 patients with HPT1 assessed by parathyroid US, sestaMIBI scintigraphy and SPECT/CT, and FCH‐PET/CT for potential surgery between 2015 and 2019.ResultsTwenty‐two patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MEN1 who presented with HPT1 and were assessed by the 3 imaging modalities were included. After imaging workups, 11 patients were operated on for the first time, 4 underwent a redo surgery, and 7 did not undergo an operation. The overall patient‐based positivity rate of imaging was 91% (20 of 22) for parathyroid US and 96% (21 of 22) for both sestaMIBI and FCH‐PET/CT. The 3 imaging modalities demonstrated negative findings in 1/22 patient who did not undergo surgery. Overall, 3 pathologic glands were not detected by any imaging technique. SestaMIBI and FCH‐PET/CT both resulted in the same 3 false‐positive results in ectopic areas with a significant uptake on two thymic carcinoid tumors and one inflammatory lymph node. FCH‐PET/CT provided more surgically relevant data than sestaMIBI in 4/11 patients with initial surgery and in 1/4 patient who underwent redo surgery.ConclusionsCompared to sestaMIBI scintigraphy, FCH‐PET/CT provides additional information regarding the number of pathologic parathyroid glands and their localization in MEN1 patients with HPT1.
Trübung der Intraokularlinse nach kombinierter Katarakt- und minimal-invasiver Glaukomchirurgie (MIGS)
Authors: Kern Christoph , Priglinger Siegfried , Mackert Marc J. 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDrei Wochen nach komplikationsloser kombinierter minimal-invasiver Glaukom- und Kataraktoperation kam es zu einer Sehverschlechterung durch die Eintrübung der Intraokularlinse. Durch die Nichtanwendung der postoperativen antiinflammatorischen Lokaltherapie kam es zu einer homogenen Fibrinbildung auf der Linsenvorderfläche sowie einer beginnenden Vernarbung des Sickerkissens. Wir führten ein Needling mit 5‑Fluorouracil sowie eine Linsenpolitur mit dem Nd:YAG-Laser durch und erreichten so eine suffiziente Druckkontrolle und Sehverbesserung.
Modulation of spinal excitability following neuromuscular electrical stimulation superimposed to voluntary contraction
Authors: Borzuola Riccardo , Labanca Luciana , Macaluso Andrea , Laudani Luca 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) superimposed on voluntary muscle contraction has been recently shown as an innovative training modality within sport and rehabilitation, but its effects on the neuromuscular system are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate acute responses in spinal excitability, as measured by the Hoffmann (H) reflex, and in maximal voluntary contraction (MVIC) following NMES superimposed to voluntary isometric contractions (NMES + ISO) compared to passive NMES only and to voluntary isometric contractions only (ISO).

Method
Fifteen young adults were required to maintain an ankle plantar-flexor torque of 20% MVC for 20 repetitions during each experimental condition (NMES + ISO, NMES and ISO). Surface electromyography was used to record peak-to-peak H-reflex and motor waves following percutaneous stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve in the dominant limb. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess maximal voluntary contraction output of the ankle plantar flexor muscles.

Results
H-reflex amplitude was increased by 4.5% after the NMES + ISO condition (p < 0.05), while passive NMES and ISO conditions showed a decrease by 7.8% (p < 0.05) and no change in reflex responses, respectively. There was no change in amplitude of maximal motor wave and in MVIC torque during each experimental condition.

Conclusion
The reported facilitation of spinal excitability following NMES + ISO could be due to a combination of greater motor neuronal and corticospinal excitability, thus suggesting that NMES superimposed onto isometric voluntary contractions may provide a more effective neuromuscular stimulus and, hence, training modality compared to NMES alone.
Variplex™ test system fails to reliably detect SARS-CoV-2 directly from respiratory samples without RNA extraction
Authors: Eckel Florian , Küsters Franziska , Drossel Bernhard , Konert Markus , Mattes Hans , Schopf Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDiagnosis of COVID is performed by PCR methods, but their capacity is limited by the requirement of high-level facilities and instruments. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method has been utilized for the detection of isolated virus-specific RNA. Preliminary data suggest the possibility of isothermal amplification directly from respiratory samples without RNA extraction. All patients admitted to our hospital were screened for SARS-CoV-2 by routine. Respiratory samples were tested by variplex system based on LAMP method directly without RNA extraction and by PCR. Primary endpoint was the false-negative rate of variplex test compared with PCR as gold standard. In 109 patients variplex test and PCR assay were performed simultaneously. Median age was 80 years and male/female ratio was 40/60%. The prevalence of PCR-confirmed COVID diagnosis was 43.1%. Variplex test was positive in 13.8%. False-negative rate of variplex test compared with PCR was 83.0%. The potential of LAMP technology using isolated RNA has been demonstrated impressively by others, and excellent sensitivity and specificity of detecting SARS-CoV-2 has been reported. However, without RNA extraction, the variplex test system failed to reliably detect SARS-CoV-2 directly in respiratory samples.
Base level changes based on Basin Filling Modelling: a case study from the Paleocene Lishui Sag, East China Sea Basin
Authors: Li Jing-Zhe , Liu Pi-Yang , Zhang Jin-Liang , Sun Shu-Yu , Sun Zhi-Feng , Du Dong-Xing , Zhang Ming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Estimation of base level changes in geological records is an important topic for petroleum geologists. Taking the Paleocene Upper Lingfeng Member of Lishui Sag as an example, this paper conducted a base level reconstruction based on Basin Filling Modelling (BFM). The reconstruction was processed on the ground of a previously interpreted seismic stratigraphic framework with several assumptions and simplification. The BFM is implemented with a nonlinear diffusion equation solver written in R coding that excels in shallow marine stratigraphic simulation. The modeled results fit the original stratigraphy very well. The BFM is a powerful tool for reconstructing the base level, and is an effective way to check the reasonableness of previous interpretations. Although simulation solutions may not be unique, the BFM still provides us a chance to gain some insights into the mechanism and dynamic details of the stratigraphy of sedimentary basins.
The POlarised GLEAM Survey (POGS) II: Results from an all-sky rotation measure synthesis survey at long wavelengths
Authors: Riseley C. J. , Galvin T. J. , Sobey C. , Vernstrom T. , White S. V. , Zhang X. , Gaensler B. M. , Heald G. , Anderson C. S. , Franzen T. M. O. , Hancock P. J. , Hurley-Walker N. , Lenc E. , Van Eck C. L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe low-frequency linearly polarised radio source population is largely unexplored. However, a renaissance in low-frequency polarimetry has been enabled by pathfinder and precursor instruments for the Square Kilometre Array. In this second paper from the POlarised GaLactic and Extragalactic All-Sky MWA Survey-the POlarised GLEAM Survey, or POGS-we present the results from our all-sky MWA Phase I Faraday Rotation Measure survey. Our survey covers nearly the entire Southern sky in the Declination range$-82^\circ$to$+30^\circ$at a resolution between around three and seven arcminutes (depending on Declination) using data in the frequency range 169−231 MHz. We have performed two targeted searches: the first covering 25 489 square degrees of sky, searching for extragalactic polarised sources; the second covering the entire sky South of Declination$+30^\circ$, searching for known pulsars. We detect a total of 517 sources with 200 MHz linearly polarised flux densities between 9.9 mJy and 1.7 Jy, of which 33 are known radio pulsars. All sources in our catalogues have Faraday rotation measures in the range$-328.07$to$+279.62$rad m−2. The Faraday rotation measures are broadly consistent with results from higher-frequency surveys, but with typically more than an order of magnitude improvement in the precision, highlighting the power of low-frequency polarisation surveys to accurately study Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields. We discuss the properties of our extragalactic and known-pulsar source population, how the sky distribution relates to Galactic features, and identify a handful of new pulsar candidates among our nominally extragalactic source population.
Temperature Control on Silicate Weathering Intensity and Evolution of the Neogene East Asian Summer Monsoon
Authors: Ren Xueping , Nie Junsheng , Saylor Joel E. , Wang Xiaoxue , Liu Fangbin , Horton Brian K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAccurately reconstructing the evolution of the Asian monsoon is predicated on understanding the impact of temperature, precipitation, and tectonic paleogeography on silicate weathering proxies over million year timescales. We find that decreasing trends in chemical weathering proxies in both the northern and southern Tibetan Plateau match those from benthic oxygen isotope and sea surface temperature stacks since the late Miocene. In contrast, a synthesis of magnetic parameter‐based records and marine clastic flux records reveals stronger monsoon precipitation during both the warm middle Miocene and cool late Miocene, supporting model simulations showing that both paleogeography and atmospheric CO2 content are important in controlling the summer monsoon. This trend of increasing monsoon precipitation contrasts with the record of decreasing chemical weathering, suggesting that chemical weathering proxies are mainly regulated by temperature at million year timescales, rather than precipitation. These findings clarify reconstructions of the Cenozoic evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon.
MEIS1 down-regulation by MYC mediates prostate cancer development through elevated HOXB13 expression and AR activity
Authors: Whitlock Nichelle C. , Trostel Shana Y. , Wilkinson Scott , Terrigino Nicholas T. , Hennigan S. Thomas , Lake Ross , Carrabba Nicole V. , Atway Rayann , Walton Elizabeth D. , Gryder Berkley E. , Capaldo Brian J. , Ye Huihui , Sowalsky Adam G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLocalized prostate cancer develops very slowly in most men, with the androgen receptor (AR) and MYC transcription factors amongst the most well-characterized drivers of prostate tumorigenesis. Canonically, MYC up-regulation in luminal prostate cancer cells functions to oppose the terminally differentiating effects of AR. However, the effects of MYC up-regulation are pleiotropic and inconsistent with a poorly proliferative phenotype. Here we show that increased MYC expression and activity are associated with the down-regulation of MEIS1, a HOX-family transcription factor. Using RNA-seq to profile a series of human prostate cancer specimens laser capture microdissected on the basis of MYC immunohistochemistry, MYC activity, and MEIS1 expression were inversely correlated. Knockdown of MYC expression in prostate cancer cells increased the expression of MEIS1 and increased the occupancy of MYC at the MEIS1 locus. Finally, we show in laser capture microdissected human prostate cancer samples and the prostate TCGA cohort that MEIS1 expression is inversely proportional to AR activity as well as HOXB13, a known interacting protein of both AR and MEIS1. Collectively, our data demonstrate that elevated MYC in a subset of primary prostate cancers functions in a negative role in regulating MEIS1 expression, and that this down-regulation may contribute to MYC-driven development and progression.
The cardiolipin-binding peptide elamipretide mitigates fragmentation of cristae networks following cardiac ischemia reperfusion in rats
Authors: Allen Mitchell E. , Pennington Edward Ross , Perry Justin B. , Dadoo Sahil , Makrecka-Kuka Marina , Dambrova Maija , Moukdar Fatiha , Patel Hetal D. , Han Xianlin , Kidd Grahame K. , Benson Emily K. , Raisch Tristan B. , Poelzing Steven , Brown David A. , Shaikh Saame Raza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction contributes to cardiac pathologies. Barriers to new therapies include an incomplete understanding of underlying molecular culprits and a lack of effective mitochondria-targeted medicines. Here, we test the hypothesis that the cardiolipin-binding peptide elamipretide, a clinical-stage compound under investigation for diseases of mitochondrial dysfunction, mitigates impairments in mitochondrial structure-function observed after rat cardiac ischemia-reperfusion. Respirometry with permeabilized ventricular fibers indicates that ischemia-reperfusion induced decrements in the activity of complexes I, II, and IV are alleviated with elamipretide. Serial block face scanning electron microscopy used to create 3D reconstructions of cristae ultrastructure reveals that disease-induced fragmentation of cristae networks are improved with elamipretide. Mass spectrometry shows elamipretide did not protect against the reduction of cardiolipin concentration after ischemia-reperfusion. Finally, elamipretide improves biophysical properties of biomimetic membranes by aggregating cardiolipin. The data suggest mitochondrial structure-function are interdependent and demonstrate elamipretide targets mitochondrial membranes to sustain cristae networks and improve bioenergetic function.
Conformational flexibility of fatty acid-free bovine serum albumin proteins enables superior antifouling coatings
Authors: Ma Gamaliel Junren , Ferhan Abdul Rahim , Jackman Joshua A. , Cho Nam-Joon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBovine serum albumin (BSA) protein is widely used to fabricate antifouling coatings for nanobiotechnology applications. Numerous BSA protein options are commercially available and obtained through different purification methods, however, there is no guidance on which ones are preferable for antifouling coatings. Herein, we investigate the real-time fabrication of antifouling coatings composed of BSA proteins obtained through different purification methods, and report significant differences in ultrathin film coating properties and ability to mitigate serum biofouling and to prevent nanoparticle-induced immune reactions. Mechanistic studies unravel the source of these performance variations, which are related to some BSA proteins containing fatty acid stabilizers while other BSA proteins are fatty acid-free depending on the purification method. Fatty acid-free BSA proteins exhibit greater conformational flexibility and less charge repulsion, which allow them to form more rigidly attached and tightly packed coatings on flat surfaces and nanoparticles that result in superior application performance.