bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterization, and applications of novel Co(II)‐pyridoxalphosphate‐Schiffbase/SBA‐15 as a nanocatalyst for the green synthesis of benzothiazole heterocycles
Authors: Yari Hassan , Dehkharghani Rahebeh A. , Bardajee Ghasem R. , Akbarzadeh‐T Niloufar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMesoporous heterogeneous santa barbara amorphous (SBA)‐15‐supported cobalt complex, as a novel nanocatalyst containing N–O chelating Schiff‐base ligand was successfully synthesized by the reaction of SBA‐15 and Cobalt(II)‐Schiff‐base complex. The Co(II)‐Schiff base complex also was prepared for the first time, by the reaction of pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate or PLP (biological active form of vitamin B6), 3‐(aminopropyl)‐triethoxysilane in methanol that complexation with CoCl2. The subsequent grafting of entitled complex to SBA‐15 afforded Co(II)‐PLP‐Schiff base/SBA‐15 mesoporous catalyst. Characterization of the product was carried out with powder X‐ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller nitrogen adsorption–desorption, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The results revealed the retention of the textural properties and hexagonally uniform structures of SBA‐15 during the grafting procedure. This nanocatalyst was applied successfully for one‐pot synthesis of various benzothiazole heterocycles under green conditions. This catalyst is an active, reusable, and stable nanomaterial with no leaching of metal ions to the reaction medium. It was used for the synthesis of desired benzothiazole heterocycles by the cyclo‐condensation of aryl‐aldehydes with 2‐aminothiophenol with good to excellent yields and under green conditions.
Structure–property relationships of aliphatic esters using topological descriptors and backward‐multiple linear regression method
Authors: Rajabi Mehdi , Shafiei Fatemeh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present investigation, quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) modeling was carried out on 48 aliphatic esters to develop a robust model for the prediction of thermodynamic properties such as the enthalpy of vaporization at standard condition (∆H°vap kJ mol−1) and normal temperature of boiling points ( K). Multiple linear regression (MLR) and backward (BW) stepwise regression methods were used to select the descriptors derived from the Chemicalize program to give the QSPR models. These models were used to delineate the important descriptors responsible for the properties of the aliphatic esters. The multicollinearity and autocorrelation properties of the descriptors used in the models were tested by calculating the variance inflation factor, Pearson correlation coefficient, and the Durbin–Watson statistics. Leave‐one‐out cross‐validation, leave‐group (fivefold)‐out, and external validation criteria (Q2F1, Q2F2, Q2F3, CCC, R2m) were proposed to verify the predictive performance of QSPR models derived by BW‐MLR analysis. The predictive ability of the models was found to be satisfactory. Thus, QSPR models derived from this study may be helpful for modeling and designing some new aliphatic esters and predicting their properties.
Adolescent CB1 receptor antagonism influences subsequent social interactions and neural activity in female rats
Authors: Simone Jonathan J. , Baumbach Jennet L. , McPherson Jennifer , McCormick Cheryl M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that repeated exposure to the CB1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist AM251 in adolescence (PND 30–44) increased social interactions in female rats when tested 48 h after the final exposure to the antagonist. Here, we investigated whether the increased sociality would be present after a longer drug washout period (5 days) in both male and female rats (experiment 1), and sought to identify candidate brain regions that may explain the observed differences in social behaviours between AM251 and vehicle‐treated female rats (experiment 2). While drug‐free, adolescent AM251 treatment increased social interactions in females and not in males. AM251 female rats had increased neural activity (as measured by the expression of early growth response protein‐1; EGR‐1) in the nucleus accumbens shell and cingulate gyrus of the medial prefrontal cortex, with no observed differences in EGR‐1 expression in the dorsal hippocampus, nucleus accumbens core, or prelimbic and infralimbic subdivisions of the medial prefrontal cortex relative to vehicle rats. Together, these results demonstrate a sex‐specific role of adolescent endocannabinoid signalling in the normative development of social behaviours and provide further support for adolescence as a vulnerable period for the effects of altered endocannabinoid signalling.
Synthesis and characterization of new derivatives of bis(1,4‐diazepinium) salts and bis(γ‐substituted pentamethine cyanine(dyes using vinamidinium salt
Authors: Habashi Fatemeh , Mehranpour Abdolmohammad , Jahromi Enayatollah Bahman 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe preparation of several bis(1,4‐diazepinium) salts from the reaction of three 1,2‐diamines with a bis(vinamidinium) salt is described. Bis(γ‐substituted pentamethine cyanine(dyes are also prepared from the reaction of vinamidinium salt with 1,2‐dimethylquinolinium perchlorate and 1,2,3,3‐tetramethyl‐3H‐indolium perchlorate. Data from elemental analyzes, IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, and mass spectra (MS) confirm the molecular structure of the obtained products.
Vesical Imaging–Reporting and Data System for Multiparametric MRI to Predict the Presence of Muscle Invasion for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Hong Seung Baek , Lee Nam Kyung , Kim Suk , Son Il Wan , Ha Hong Koo , Ku Ja Yoon , Kim Kyung Hwan , Park Won Young 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundThe Vesical Imaging–Reporting and Data System (VI‐RADS) is a newly developed system of bladder cancer staging with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), which can be used to predict the presence of muscle invasion for bladder cancer.PurposeTo evaluate the accuracy of three mpMRI series (T2WI, diffusion‐weighted imaging [DWI], and dynamic contrast‐enhanced image [DCEI]) and VI‐RADS for diagnosing the muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 66 pathologically proven bladder cancers in 32 patients.Field Strength/SequenceBefore the diagnostic MRI with an intramuscular antispasmodic agent, optimal bladder distension was confirmed. 3.0T MRI with T2WI, DWI, and DCEI.AssessmentThree reviewers independently assessed and scored the bladder cancers in T2WI, DWI, and DCEI using a five‐point score system. Based on the scores in the three sequences, reviewers scored each bladder cancer with reference to VI‐RADS categories. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of each of three mpMRI sequences and the final VI‐RADS categorization for diagnosing MIBC.Statistical TestsSensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the area under the curve (AUC) of each of three sequences separately and VI‐RADS categorization for diagnosing the MIBC.ResultsThe diagnostic performances of each of the three mpMRI series and VI‐RADS for diagnosing MIBC were excellent. Especially using the optimal cutoff score >3 for predicting MIBC on DWI, DCEI, and VI‐RADS, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC values were 90% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56, 1.00), 100% (95% CI: 0.94, 1.00), 100% (95% CI: 0.66. 1.00), 98.3% (95% CI: 0.91, 1.00), and 0.95, respectively.Data ConclusionmpMRI based on VI‐RADS can stratify patients with bladder cancer according to the presence of muscle invasion.Level of Evidence3.Technical Efficacy Stage2. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1249–1256.
23Na‐MRI as a Noninvasive Biomarker for Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: Poku Linda Osei , Phil M. , Cheng Yongna , Wang Kai , Sun Xilin 
Published: March 2020

The influx of sodium (Na+) ions into a resting cell is regulated by Na+ channels and by Na+/H+ and Na+/Ca2+ exchangers, whereas Na+ ion efflux is mediated by the activity of Na+/K+‐ATPase to maintain a high transmembrane Na+ ion gradient. Dysfunction of this system leads to changes in the intracellular sodium concentration that promotes cancer metastasis by mediating invasion and migration. In addition, the accumulation of extracellular Na+ ions in cancer due to inflammation contributes to tumor immunogenicity. Thus, alterations in the Na+ ion concentration may potentially be used as a biomarker for malignant tumor diagnosis and prognosis. However, current limitations in detection technology and a complex tumor microenvironment present significant challenges for the in vivo assessment of Na+ concentration in tumor. 23Na‐magnetic resonance imaging (23Na‐MRI) offers a unique opportunity to study the effects of Na+ ion concentration changes in cancer. Although challenged by a low signal‐to‐noise ratio, the development of ultrahigh magnetic field scanners and specialized sodium acquisition sequences has significantly advanced 23Na‐MRI. 23Na‐MRI provides biochemical information that reflects cell viability, structural integrity, and energy metabolism, and has been shown to reveal rapid treatment response at the molecular level before morphological changes occur. Here we review the basis of 23Na‐MRI technology and discuss its potential as a direct noninvasive in vivo diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cancer therapy, particularly in cancer immunotherapy. We propose that 23Na‐MRI is a promising method with a wide range of applications in the tumor immuno‐microenvironment research field and in cancer immunotherapy monitoring.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2
GC–MS with photoionization of cold molecules in supersonic molecular beams—Approaching the softest ionization method
Authors: Fialkov Alexander B. , Ikonen Elias , Laaksonen Tiina , Amirav Aviv 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA new type of photoionization ion source was developed for the ionization of cold molecules in supersonic molecular beams (named Cold PI). The system was based on a GC–MS with supersonic molecular beams and its fly‐through EI of cold molecules ion source (Cold EI) plus quadrupole mass analyzer. A continuously operated deuterium VUV photoionization lamp was added and placed above and between the supersonic nozzle and skimmer whereas the Cold EI ion source served only as a portion of the ion transfer ion optics. The supersonic nozzle and skimmer were voltage biased and the VUV light crossed the supersonic expansion about 10 mm from the nozzle. We obtained over three orders of magnitude enhancement in the relative abundance of the molecular ion of squalane in Cold PI versus in photoionization of this compound as a thermal compound. Accordingly, we also proved that standard photoionization is not as soft ionization method as previously perceived for large compounds. We found that Cold PI is as soft as and possibly softer than field ionization; thus, it could be the softest known ionization method. The ionization yield was about 200–300 times weaker than with Cold EI yet our limit of detection was about 200 femtogram in SIM mode for cholesterol and pyrene which is reasonable. Practically, all hydrocarbons gave only molecular ions with rather uniform response whereas alcohols gave some molecular ions plus major fragment ions particularly with a loss of water (similarly to field ionization). We tested Cold PI in the GC–MS analysis of diesel fuels and analyzed the time averaged data for group type information. We also found that we can analyze the diesel fuels by fast under 20‐s flow injection analysis in which the generated averaged mass spectrum of molecular ions only could serve for the characterization of fuels.
Controversial treatments: An updated understanding of the coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Zhang Cantong , Huang Shaoying , Zheng Fengping , Dai Yong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus 2 infection has posed significant threats to international health and the economy. In the absence of specific treatment for this virus, there is an urgent need to learn from the experience and lessons in China. To reduce the case‐fatality rate among coronavirus disease 2019 patients, we should not ignore the complications, such as RNAaemia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ dysfunction. To help understand the advantages and limitations of differential treatments, we provide a timely review and discuss the complications and corresponding major treatments, especially controversial ones such as antiviral therapy (remdesivir, ribavirin, and chloroquine), glucocorticoid therapy, extracorporeal support including an artificial liver system, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation based on available evidence. As a result, we suggest that antiviral therapy and organ function support are vital to reduce mortality for mild patients and critical patients, respectively.
Association of MCP‐1 promotor polymorphism with disease severity of Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever
Authors: Bagci Binnur , Bagci Gokhan , Buyuktuna Seyit Ali , Elaldi Nazif 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCrimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a thick‐borne viral zoonotic disease. The pathogenesis and the reasons why cases have a mild or severe course in CCHF have not yet been explained. In this study, we investigated the relationship between promoter ‐2518 A/G single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the MCP‐1 gene and the clinical course of CCHF. The MCP‐1‐2518 A/G SNP (rs1024611) frequency was examined in 128 virologically/serologically confirmed CCHF patients and 181 healthy controls by using the PCR‐RFLP method. When CCHF patients and controls were compared, no significant difference was found between genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the ‐2518 A/G SNP of MCP‐1 gene (P > .05). Compared to the AA genotype, both AG (P = .016; OR = 2.57) and GG genotype (P = .039; OR = 3.43) were found with significantly higher frequencies in mild/moderate cases than in severe cases. Compared to the AG + GG genotype, AA showed a significant risk for severe CCHF (60.0% vs 38.4%,P = .02; OR = 2.41). In contrast, the AG genotype showed a significant protective effect against severe disease compared to AA + GG genotype (29.1% vs 47.9%,P = .013; OR = 2.58). Compared to mild/moderate cases, the A allele was found to be significantly higher in severe cases (0.745 vs 0.623,P = .039; OR = 1.77). However, no significant relationship was found between fatal and nonfatal cases in terms of genotype or allele frequencies (P > .05). In conclusion, both ‐2518 AA genotype and A allele of MCP‐1 were associated with disease severity, and the AG genotype had a protective effect against a severe disease course in CCHF patients.
Severe and moderate periodontitis are associated with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Gomes‐Filho Isaac S. , Coelho Julita Maria F. , Miranda Samilly S. , Cruz Simone S. , Trindade Soraya C. , Cerqueira Eneida M.M. , Passos‐Soares Johelle S. , Costa Maria da Conceição N. , Vianna Maria Isabel P. , Figueiredo Ana Cláudia M.G. , Hintz Alexandre Marcelo , Coelho Amanda F. , Passos Luiz Carlos S. , Barreto Maurício L. , Scannapieco Frank 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAn association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease is now well documented; however, the effect of periodontitis severity levels on this outcome, specifically on acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remains unexplored. This study investigated the association between levels of periodontitis severity (exposure) and AMI (outcome).MethodsThis case‐control study, matched by sex and age, was conducted with 621 participants, with 207 individuals treated in the emergency department of Santa Izabel and Ana Nery Hospitals in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, diagnosed with a first AMI event, and compared to 414 individuals without a diagnosis of AMI. Levels of periodontitis severity followed two criteria: (1) Center for Disease Prevention and Control and American Academy of Periodontology; (2) Gomes‐Filho et al. (2018) using criteria that also evaluated bleeding upon probing. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed and odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained.ResultsThe adjusted association measurements showed a positive association between both severe (ORadjusted ranged from 2.21 to 3.92; 95% CI ranged from 1.03 to 10.05) and moderate periodontitis (ORadjusted ranged from 1.96 to 2.51; 95% CI ranged from 1.02 to 6.19), and AMI, for both periodontitis diagnostic criteria. It demonstrated that among those with moderate and severe periodontitis, the chance of having AMI was approximately two to four times greater than among those without periodontitis.ConclusionThe findings demonstrate that there is an association between the severity of the periodontal condition and AMI, suggesting a possible relationship among the levels of periodontitis severity and the cardiovascular condition.
The modern approach to the nipple‐sparing mastectomy
Authors: Kopkash Katherine , Sisco Mark , Poli Elizabeth , Seth Akhil , Pesce Catherine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA modern perspective on the nipple‐sparing mastectomy (NSM) looking at current indications as well as the most up‐to‐date evidence both in the literature and from our institution. There is an in‐depth description of our NSM technique and an overview of alternative approaches, including the robotic technique. The complicated concept of the learning curve is addressed and ideas on how to train other NSM adopters.
Delivery of Interleukin‐4–Encoding Lentivirus Using Multiple‐Channel Bridges Enhances Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Ali S. Ahmed , Hanks John E. , Stebbins Aaron W. , Alkhalili Osama , Cohen Samantha T. , Chen Jessica Y. , Smith Dominique R. , Dumont Courtney M. , Shea Lonnie D. , Hogikyan Norman D. , Feldman Eva L. , Brenner Michael J. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives/HypothesisFacial nerve injury is a source of major morbidity. This study investigated the neuroregenerative effects of inducing an anti‐inflammatory environment when reconstructing a facial nerve defect with a multichannel bridge containing interleukin‐4 (IL‐4)–encoding lentivirus.Study DesignAnimal study.MethodsEighteen adult Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into three groups, all of which sustained a facial nerve gap defect. Group I had reconstruction performed via an IL‐4 multichannel bridge, group II had a multichannel bridge with saline placed, and group III had no reconstruction.ResultsQuantitative histomorphometric data were assessed 10 weeks after injury. On post hoc analysis, the IL‐4 bridge group demonstrated superior regeneration compared to bridge alone on fiber density (mean = 2,380 ± 297 vs. 1,680 ± 441 fibers/mm2, P = .05) and latency time (mean = 2.9 ms ± 0.6 ms vs. 3.6 ms ± 0.3 ms, P < .001). There was significantly greater regeneration in the IL‐4 bridge group versus unreconstructed defect for total fiber and density measurements (P ≤ .05). Comparison of facial motor‐evoked distal latencies between the IL‐4 bridge group versus bridge alone revealed significant electrophysiological improvement at week 8 (P = .02).ConclusionsInflammation has been implicated in a variety of otolaryngologic disorders. This study demonstrates that placement of a multichannel bridge with lentivirus encoding IL‐4 improves regenerative outcomes following facial nerve gap injury in rodents. This effect is likely mediated by promotion of an anti‐inflammatory environment, and these findings may inform future therapeutic approaches to facial nerve injury.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 2020
Nano‐Pulse Stimulation Induces Changes in the Intracellular Organelles in Rat Liver Tumors Treated In Situ
Authors: Nuccitelli Richard , McDaniel Amanda , Connolly Richard , Zelickson Brian , Hartman Holly 
Published: March 2020

Background and ObjectivesNano‐pulse stimulation (NPS) therapy is the application of ultrafast pulses of high amplitude electrical energy to tissues to influence cell function. Unique characteristics of these pulses enable electric field penetration into the interior of cells and organelles to generate transient nanopores in both organelle and plasma membranes. The purpose of this study is to document the temporal and physical changes in intracellular organelles following NPS therapy using electron microscopy.Study Design/Materials and MethodsLiver tumors were induced in five buffalo rats by implanting syngeneic McA‐RH7777 hepatocellular carcinoma cells into the surgically exposed livers. Tumors were allowed to grow for 1 week and then the surgically exposed livers were treated in situ with NPS energy delivered at a sufficient level to trigger regulated cell death in the tumor. Samples of NPS‐treated and control tissue were removed and fixed for electron microscopy at 1 minute, 5 minutes, 30 minutes, 2 hours and 4 hours after exposure.ResultsMeasurements of cellular organelles indicate strong swelling following NPS therapy exposure compared with untreated controls. The mean diameter of the mitochondria increased by 55% within 1 minute and then by 2.5‐fold by 2 hours post‐NPS therapy. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) cisternae swelled immediately after NPS therapy with reduced swelling by 30 minutes and loss of structural integrity by 2 hours. The Golgi apparatus appears swollen in images collected 1 and 5 minutes after NPS therapy and was no longer detected at 30 minutes and 2 hours post‐NPS therapy. By 4 hours after NPS therapy, a nascent Golgi apparatus was detected in many of the images. The plasma membrane lost its well‐defined morphology and became less linear, exhibiting discontinuities as early as 1 minute post‐NPS energy exposure and the nuclear envelope became subjectively less distinct over time.ConclusionsNPS therapy at sufficient energy levels causes the rapid swelling of organelles, disintegration of the RER, breaks in the plasma membrane and blurs the borders of the nuclear envelope. These changes in the mitochondria and RER are indicative of a regulated cell death process. These immediate physical changes to vital cell organelles are likely to trigger subsequent regulated cell death mechanisms observed in other studies of NPS therapy. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BRCA1 and VDR gene polymorphisms are associated with prostate cancer risk in Mexican men
Authors: Martínez‐Nava Gabriela Angélica , Gómez Rocío , Burguete‐García Ana Isabel , Vázquez‐Salas Ruth Argelia , Ventura‐Bahena Arianna , Torres‐Sánchez Luisa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProstate cancer (PC) is a polygenic disease with broad differences across ethnicities. BRCA1/2 and VDR have exhibited a featured genetic contribution to PC development in European populations. Nonetheless, its contribution in Latino populations specifically among Mexican men, where 70% of PC cases are detected in advanced stages, is still unknown. The contribution of seven polymorphisms in BRCA1/2 and VDR genes to PC susceptibility was evaluated in 370 incident PC cases and 759 age‐matched (±5 years) controls belonging to the Mexican population. Based on Gleason score at diagnosis, PC cases were classified as well‐differentiated PC (Gleason <7) and moderate or poorly differentiated PC (Gleason ≥7). Age at diagnosis was used to divided PC cases in earlier (<60 years) and late‐onset PC (≥60 years). Prostate and breast cancer family histories were obtained through interview. Our results provided evidences about the contribution of BRCA1‐rs1799966 (ORCC genotype = 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36‐3.91) to the moderate or poorly differentiated PC risk, independently of the family history of prostate, breast or ovary cancer. Further, VDR‐rs2238135‐G allele was associated with early‐onset PC (ORG allele = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.06‐3.95), and marginally with moderate or poorly differentiated PC risk. The present study revealed the crucial role of BRCA1 in PC aggressiveness risk, outstanding the gender imbalance regarding the breast cancer risk in women.