bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cycloaddition Chemistry of a Silylene‐Nickel Complex toward Organic π‐Systems: From Reversibility to C−H Activation
Authors: Hadlington Terrance J. , Kostenko Arseni , Driess Matthias 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe versatile cycloaddition chemistry of the Si−Ni multiple bond in the acyclic (amido)(chloro)silylene→Ni0 complex 1, [(TMSL)ClSi→Ni(NHC)2] (TMSL=N(SiMe3)Dipp; Dipp=2,6‐iPr2C6H4; NHC=C[(iPr)NC(Me)]2), toward unsaturated organic substrates is reported, which is both reminiscent of and expanding on the reactivity patterns of classical Fischer and Schrock carbene–metal complexes. Thus, 1:1 reaction of 1 with aldehydes, imines, alkynes, and even alkenes proceed to yield [2+2] cycloaddition products, leading to a range of four‐membered metallasilacycles. This cycloaddition is in fact reversible for ethylene, whereas addition of an excess of this olefin leads to quantitative sp2‐CH bond activation, via a 1‐nickela‐4‐silacyclohexane intermediate. These results have been supported by DFT calculations giving insights into key mechanistic aspects.
Kinetic Investigation of Peroxide Decomposition by Calorimetry under High‐Pressure
Authors: Sartorius Jana , Busch Markus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRadical polymerization is widely applied in industrial production using peroxides as initiators. The high‐pressure polymerization process of LDPE is evaluated of pressures up to 3500 bar and temperature up to 300 °C. For simulations physical properties and kinetics under these harsh conditions have to be measured. Therefore, kinetic parameters such as activation energy, pre‐exponential factor and order of reaction as well as their dependence on pressure and solvent are investigated in this study with high‐pressure calorimetry using a transitiometer and DSC using high‐pressure crucibles.
The results of the intensive phase of complete decongestive therapy and the determination of predictive factors for response to treatment in patients with breast cancer related‐lymphedema
Authors: Keskin Dilek , Dalyan Meltem , Ünsal‐Delialioğlu Sibel , Düzlü‐Öztürk Ülkü 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundLymphedema is a common complication of breast cancer or its treatment. The gold standard treatment for lymphedema is complete decongestive therapy. There are few studies about the predictive factors for the effectiveness of complete decongestive therapy.AimTo evaluate the results of the intensive phase of complete decongestive therapy, and to determine the predictive factors for the response to treatment in patients with breast cancer‐related lymphedema.Methods and ResultsFifty‐seven patients with breast cancer‐related lymphedema (mean age: 56.2 ± 11.2 years) who underwent complete decongestive therapy between 2014 and 2016 were evaluated retrospectively. Extremity volume was calculated using circumferential measurements and the truncated cone formula technique. Response to treatment was evaluated using the percentage reduction of excess volume formula, which was obtained by calculating the extremity volume before and after treatment. The median percentage reduction of excess volume was 27.7% (IQR,13.6‐50.3). The history of skin infection was related to lower percentage reduction of excess volume (P = 0.001). Although percentage reduction of excess volume was positively correlated with education level (r = 0.286, P = 0.031), percentage reduction of excess volume was negatively correlated with lymphedema duration (r = −0.361, P = 0.006), postoperative duration (r = −0.314, P = 0.018), percentage of excess volume (r = −0.398, P = 0.002), and number of complete decongestive therapy sessions (r = −0.436, P = 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the independent variables for percentage reduction of excess volume were percentage of excess volume (P = 0.009) and education level (P = 0.021).ConclusionComplete decongestive therapy is an effective method in patients with breast cancer related‐lymphedema. The most important predictive factors for the efficacy of treatment were found as percentage of excess volume and education level. Patients with breast cancer should be followed up regularly and receive complete decongestive therapy in the early stage of lymphedema.
Novel miniaturized folded UWB microstrip antenna‐based metamaterial for RF energy harvesting
Authors: Elwi Taha A. , Jassim Daniya Amer , Mohammed Hayder Hassan 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThis paper presents a design of an ultra‐wideband (UWB) cylindrical metamaterial (MTM) antenna for radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting to suit the fields of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The patch circuitry is based on 3×5 Hilbert‐shaped MTM unit cells array to enhance the antenna bandwidth. While, the antenna ground plane is defected with an electromagnetic band gap structure to enhance the gain. The antenna is mounted on a polytetrafluoroethylene cylindrical substrate of an outer diameter of 15 mm and length of 32 mm with 1 mm in thickness. The substrate relative permittivity is 2.04, and the loss tangent is 0.0002. The antenna patch and the ground plane structures are printed with silver nanoparticles ink using a 2.5D CNC plotter machine. The fabricated prototype provides an UWB over the frequency range from 3.77 up to 13.89 GHz with a first separate resonant mode at 3 GHz. The antenna performance is tested numerically using two different software packages of CST MWS and HFSS. Then, an experimental validation is conducted to realize the performance of the proposed antenna in harvesting the RF energy. Excellent conversion efficiency, about 90%, is achieved at 5.8 GHz. Finally, the antenna radiation patterns and S11 spectrum are measured and compared against their simulated results to achieve good agreements.
Seasonal shifts in the assembly dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrate and diatom communities in a subtropical river
Authors: Wang Jun , Hu Jiancheng , Tang Tao , Heino Jani , Jiang Xiaoming , Li Zhengfei , Xie Zhicai 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIdentifying seasonal shifts in community assembly for multiple biological groups is important to help enhance our understanding of their ecological dynamics. However, such knowledge on lotic assemblages is still limited. In this study, we used biological traits and functional diversity indices in association with null model analyses to detect seasonal shifts in the community assembly mechanisms of lotic macroinvertebrates and diatoms in an unregulated subtropical river in China. We found that functional composition and functional diversity (FRic, FEve, FDis, MNN, and SDNN) showed seasonal variation for macroinvertebrate and diatom assemblages. Null models suggested that environmental filtering, competitive exclusion, and neutral process were all important community assembly mechanisms for both biological groups. However, environmental filtering had a stronger effect on spring macroinvertebrate assemblages than autumn assemblages, but the effect on diatom assemblages was the same in both seasons. Moreover, macroinvertebrate and diatom assemblages were shaped by different environmental factors. Macroinvertebrates were filtered mainly by substrate types, velocity, and CODMn, while diatoms were mainly shaped by altitude, substrate types, and water quality. Therefore, our study showed (a) that different biological assemblages in a river system presented similarities and differences in community assembly mechanisms, (b) that multiple processes play important roles in maintaining benthic community structure, and (c) that these patterns and underlying mechanisms are seasonally variable. Thus, we highlight the importance of exploring the community assembly mechanisms of multiple biological groups, especially in different seasons, as this is crucial to improve the understanding of river community changes and their responses to environmental degradation.
A lattice and random intermediate point sampling design for animal movement
Authors: Eisenhauer Elizabeth , Hanks Ephraim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnimal movement studies have become ubiquitous in animal ecology for the estimation of space use and the analysis of movement behavior. In these studies, animal movement data are primarily collected at regular time intervals. We propose an irregular sampling design that could lead to greater efficiency and information gain in animal movement studies. Our novel sampling design, called lattice and random intermediate point (LARI), combines samples at regular and random time intervals. We compare the LARI sampling design to regular sampling designs in an example with common black carpenter ant location data, an example with guppy location data, and a simulation study of movement with a point of attraction. We modify a general stochastic differential equation model to allow for irregular time intervals and use this framework to compare sampling designs. When parameters are estimated reasonably well, regular sampling results in greater precision and accuracy in prediction of missing data. However, in each of the data and simulation examples explored in this paper, LARI sampling results in more accurate and precise parameter estimation and, thus, better prediction of missing data as well. This result suggests that researchers might gain greater insight into underlying animal movement processes by choosing LARI sampling over regular sampling.
Influence of Quaternary paleoclimate change on the permeability of the loess–paleosol sequence in the Loess Plateau, northern China
Authors: Hou Kai , Qian Hui , Zhang Qiying , Lin Tao , Chen Yao , Zhang Yuting , Qu Wengang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPermeability differences in multi‐cycle loess–paleosol aeolian sediments, which are still poorly understood, have the potential to significantly improve our understanding of climatic change during the glacial–interglacial periods of the Quaternary. In this study, the permeability of a well‐preserved and continuous loess–paleosol sequence in the South Jingyang Plateau was investigated. Weathering intensity was inferred using a series of climate proxies including grain‐size distribution, magnetic susceptibility and mineralogy. The results of laboratory tests showed that the average saturated hydraulic conductivity of loess layers is higher than that of paleosol layers. Also, clear differences between loess and paleosol were found in terms of depth variations of the vertical and horizontal saturated hydraulic conductivities. Differences in loess–paleosol were also found for other proxies for pedogenic weathering [i.e. clay content, sand content, Kd value (ratio of coarse silt to clay), magnetic susceptibility, dolomite content and the ratios of hornblende/illite and hornblende/chlorite]. Our results showed a high permeability of loess layers associated with weak pedogenic weathering during cold/dry paleoclimatic conditions in glacial stages. On the contrary, paleosol layers developed in a warm/humid climate during the interglacial stages experienced strong pedogenic weathering that resulted in lower permeability. Based on these results, we construct a connection between Quaternary climate change theory and the modern hydrological system. This provides a scientific basis for investigating the distribution and pollution of groundwater resources in the local region. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A single‐nucleotide polymorphism in lnc‐LAMC2‐1:1 interferes with its interaction with miR‐128 to alter the expression of deleted in colorectal cancer and its effect on the survival rate of subjects with ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Qian , Li Xiao‐Ping , Zhou Xi , Yang Chun‐Fen , Zhu Zhu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the association between lnc‐LAMC2‐1:1 polymorphism rs2147578 and the recurrence of ovary cancer, as well as to study the underlying mechanism of rs2147578 in ovary cancer. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Logrank test, and Kaplan‐Meier analysis were carried out to explore the role of rs2147578 in ovary cancer. No obvious difference was observed concerning all clinical characteristics among 90 patients genotyped as CC (N = 28), CG (N = 38), and GG (N = 24) in their rs2147578 polymorphism. In addition, the subjects carrying the CC genotype had longer recurrence‐free survival time and showed a lower level of malignancy compared with those carrying CG and GG genotypes. Lnc‐LAMC2‐1:1 and miR‐128 were lowly expressed in the CC group, while deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) was highly expressed in the CC group. Furthermore, DCC was identified as a target gene of miR‐128, and miR‐128 mimics decreased the luciferase activity of cells cotransfected with wild‐type DCC 3′‐untranslated region. Lnc‐LAMC2:1‐1 directly targeted and affected miR‐128 expression, and the G allele in lnc‐LAMC2‐1:1 rs2147578 upregulated miR‐128 expression. Transfection with a miR‐128 precursor evidently downregulated the expression of lnc‐LAMC2‐1:1, miR‐128, and DCC expression, but did not affect the expression of ABCC5 and body mass index. Finally, miR‐128 precursor promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Compared with lnc‐LAMC2‐1:1 rs2147578C allele, the G allele increases the risk of ovarian cancer by reducing the binding between lnc‐LAMC2‐1:1 and miR‐128‐3p, which in turn further decreases the expression of DCC and inhibits cell apoptosis.
A risk signature‐based on metastasis‐associated genes to predict survival of patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Shi Yi , He Ronghan , Zhuang Ze , Ren Jianhua , Wang Zhe , Liu Yuangao , Wu Jiajun , Jiang Shihai , Wang Kun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary solid malignant bone tumor, and its metastasis is a prominent cause of high mortality in patients. In this study, a prognosis risk signature was constructed based on metastasis‐associated genes. Four microarrays datasets with clinical information were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus, and 256 metastasis‐associated genes were identified by limma package. Further, a protein‐protein interaction network was constructed, and survival analysis was performed using data from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments data matrix, identifying 19 genes correlated with prognosis. Six genes were selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression for multivariate cox analysis. Finally, a three‐gene (MYC, CPE, and LY86) risk signature was constructed, and datasets GSE21257 and GSE16091 were used to validate the prediction efficiency of the signature. The survival times of low‐ and high‐risk groups were significantly different in the training set and validation set. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the genes in the signature may affect the cell cycle, gap junctions, and interleukin‐6 production. Therefore, the three‐gene survival risk signature could potentially predict the prognosis of patients with OS. Further, proteins encoded by CPE and LY86 may provide novel insights into the prediction of OS prognosis and therapeutic targets.
EV71 infection induces cell apoptosis through ROS generation and SIRT1 activation
Authors: Li Hongyan , Bai Zhenzi , Li Chenghua , Sheng Chuanlun , Zhao Xiaonan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSeveral studies have substantiated the correlation between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Normally, enterovirus 71 (EV71) is associated with severe clinical manifestations and death. However, the effect of EV71 on the induction of cellular death and the interplay between ROS/SIRT1 in cell death has not been confirmed yet. In the current study, an increase in the number of apoptotic cells was observed as soon as the EV71 infection was initiated in cells and mice. Furthermore, EV71 infection also promoted a rise in the levels of three commonly known proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α. During EV71‐induced apoptosis in the different cell lines, ROS generation and SIRT1 downregulation were observed. Further investigations showed that the administration of ROS inhibitor, N‐acetyl‐
l‐cysteine (NAC), reduced the level of apoptosis and inflammation, reduced EV71 propagation, and increased SIRT1 expression in EV71‐infected cells. In addition, combined administration of NAC and EX527 (SIRT1 inhibitor) restored apoptosis in the EV71‐infected cells, which was reduced due to NAC. This data demonstrated that ROS generation is positively associated with EV71‐induced apoptosis and inflammation, while this effect could be reversed by SIRT1 inhibition. Collectively, we have shown that EV71 induces apoptosis and inflammation by promoting ROS generation and reducing SIRT1 expression.
LncRNA PART1 facilitates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer via miR‐150‐5p/LRG1 axis
Authors: Lou Tingting , Ke Kongliang , Zhang Luqing , Miao Chundi , Liu Yahui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractStudy has shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) prostate androgen‐regulated transcript 1 (PART1) was elevated in colorectal cancer tissues and cells, and the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells were reduced after its downregulation. The tumor‐suppressive role of microRNA‐150‐5p (miR‐150‐5p) has been shown in colorectal cancer. In this study, the association between PART1 and miR‐150‐5p in colorectal cancer was analyzed. Results revealed an increase of PART1, but a decrease of miR‐150‐5p in 56 colorectal cancer tissues. And there was a strong negative correlation between levels of PART1 and miR‐150‐5p in these cancer samples. Also, compared with 10 healthy controls, the level of PART1 was increased, whereas miR‐150‐5p expression was diminished in the serum of 10 colorectal cancer patients. Cell proliferation and migration, along with epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, was promoted by PART1 overexpression. However, this lncRNA mitigated apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Whereas miR‐150‐5p mimic abrogated these effects caused by PART1 overexpression. The influences of PART1 knockdown on the above malignant characteristics of colorectal cancer cells were contrary to its overexpression. miR‐150‐5p inhibitor ablated the effects induced by PART1 knockdown. In xenograft mouse models, silencing of PART1 decreased tumor volume and weight. Our data supported that lncRNA PART1 may regulate leucine‐rich α‐2‐glycoprotein‐1 (LRG1) expression through a competing interaction mechanism that hindering miR‐150‐5p function. In conclusion, PART1 facilitates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer via miR‐150‐5p/LRG1 pathway. The study further clarified the molecular mechanism of PART1 in colorectal cancer. This study may provide a new approach to diagnose and treat colorectal cancer.
Phospholipase C inhibits apoptosis of porcine oocytes cultured in vitro
Authors: Chen Hua Li , Cheng Jian Yong , Yang You Fu , Li Yuan , Jiang Xiao Han , Yang Li , Wu Lin , Shi Meihong , Liu Boyang , Duan Jiaxin , Li Xiaoya , Li Qing Wang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOocyte apoptosis can be used as an indicator of oocyte quality and development competency. Phospholipase C (PLC) is a critical enzyme that participates in phosphoinositide metabolic regulation and performs many functions, including the regulation of reproduction. In this study, we aimed to explore whether PLC participates in the regulation of apoptosis in porcine oocytes and investigated its possible mechanism. In porcine oocytes, 0.5 μM U73122 (the PLC inhibitor) was considered to be the best concentration to facilitate maturation, and 0.5 μM m‐3M3FBS (the PLC activator) was regarded as the most appropriate concentration to inhibit maturation. The percentage of cleavage and blastocysts treated with 0.5 μM U73122 was lower than that of the control group. Furthermore, the percentage of cleavage and blastocysts treated with 0.5 μM m‐3M3FBS was higher than that of the control group. The relative PLC messenger RNA (mRNA) expression tested by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was found to be inhibited by 0.5 μM U73122 or activated by 0.5 μM m‐3M3FBS. The relative mRNA abundance of BAK, BAX, CASP3, CASP8, and TP53 and protein abundance of Bak, cleaved caspase‐3, caspase‐8, and P53 was activated by U73122 or inhibited by m‐3M3FBS, while the relative mRNA and protein level of BCL6 showed the opposite trend. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration increased and the expression of PLCB1 protein also increased in porcine oocytes when they were cultured with 0.5 μM m‐3M3FBS for 44 hours. The abundance of proteins PKCβ and CAMKIIα and the expression of several downstream genes (CDC42, NFATc1, NFATc2, NFκB, and NLK) were activated by m‐3M3FBS or inhibited by U73122. Our findings indicate that PLC inhibits apoptosis and maturation in porcine oocytes. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration, two Ca2+‐sensitive proteins, and several downstream genes were positively regulated by PLC.
CHIP regulates skeletal development and postnatal bone growth
Authors: Wang Wenbo , Li Jun , Ko Frank C. , Zhao Xia , Qiao Yusen , Lu Ronald S. , Sumner D. Rick , Wang Tingyu , Chen Di 
Published: January 2020

AbstractC terminus of Hsc70‐interacting protein (CHIP) is a chaperone‐dependent and U‐box containing E3 ubiquitin ligase. In previous studies, we found that CHIP regulates the stability of multiple tumor necrosis factor receptor‐associated factor proteins in bone cells. In Chip global knockout (KO) mice, nuclear factor‐κB signaling is activated, osteoclast formation is increased, osteoblast differentiation is inhibited, and bone mass is decreased in postnatal Chip KO mice. To determine the role of Chip in different cell types at different developmental stages, we created Chipflox/flox mice. We then generated Chip conditional KO mice ChipCMV and ChipOsxER and demonstrated defects in skeletal development and postnatal bone growth in Chip conditional KO mice. Our findings indicate that Chip conditional KO mice could serve as a critical reagent for further investigations of functions of CHIP in bone cells and in other cell types.