bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting of purchasing quantity of Manalagi apple for apple juice drink production in PT XYZ Malang
Authors: Ihwah A , Viandini U H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Batu City is a city with abundant agricultural and fruit commodities, in particular apple. Apple juice drink is a fruit juice drink prepared from apples with the addition of sugar and citric acid. One producer of apple cider in Batu City is PT XYZ. The effectiveness of the production process in a company has strongly related to the needs of raw materials. The planning activity for raw material requirements can be applied if future sales projections have been obtained. In this case, forecasting demand needs to be done. This study aimed to forecast the quantity of purchasing Manalagi apple as the main raw material in apple juice drink production process. Historical data of Manalagi apple purchased from January 2016 to December 2018 was used. The forecasting study was carried out for the period of January to December 2019. From the time series plot, it was found that the data for purchasing raw materials for apples was seasonal. Then, the purchasing data of the Manalagi apple was transformed twice to fulfill stationary assumptions. The best Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model obtained was (1,1,0) (1,1,1)2 with the Mean Square Error (MSE) of 0.0106901. The model showed that the average of apple’s purchasing in 2019 was 9786.1 kg/month, with the highest and the lowest value 87950.2 kg (in June) and 249.3 kg (in January), respectively.
Extraction of phenolic compounds from basil (Ocimum americanum L.) leaves with pretreatment using pulsed electric field (PEF)
Authors: Sukardi  , Pulungan M H , Purwaningsih I , Sita P F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the role of the pulsed electric field (PEF) as a pretreatment on the extraction of phenolic compounds from basil (Ocimum americanum, L.) leaves. The research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, factor 1: exposure time (10, 15, and 20 seconds) and factor 2: voltage (1000, 1500, and 2000 Volts). Extraction was done by maceration using 80% ethanol at 50°C. The results showed that PEF treatment had a significant effect on total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity (IC50) of basil extract. The best treatment at exposure time of 10 seconds and a voltage of 1500 Volts obtains TPC of 260.50 mg GAE/g and IC50 of 35.96 ppm. Whereas the untreated sample (without PEF pre-treatment) obtains TPC of 175.75 mg GAE/g and IC50 of 116.25 ppm. The data showed that PEF treatment before the extraction of basil leaves increased TPC by 1.5 times and antioxidant activity by 3.2 times. FTIR spectra showed that PEF pre-treatment increases absorption or decreases transmittance, which indicates the increase of extract concentration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging showed that PEF treatment causes pore formation on the cell membrane, which might facilitate the release of phenolic compounds.
Redesign the layout of agro-industry by using occupational safety and health analysis at tempe chips SME
Authors: Dewi H E , Awaliyah R , Subagyo H S H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Layout is an important factor of agro-industry to improve productivity and reduce potential risk of work accident. The objective of this research was to redesign the layout of Tempe Chips Small and Medium Enterprise (SME). Bu Nurjanah Tempe Chips SME Malang, East Java was selected as research location because of poor lay out system and it has same character with Tempe Chips SME that had fire accident. This research used Occupational Health and Safety Analysis and Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) approach in designing agro-industry layout that consist of activity relationship chart, activity relationship diagram, and area needs. The results of the research showed that Tempe Chips SME has potential fire hazards and food contamination. Regarding the Occupational Safety and Health standard, this research advice re-layout for several production facilities such as access to drinking water, toilets and washing facilities, and clean cafeteria to improve effectiveness of production.
The effect of malt extract and incubation time on ethanol production from lignocellulose degradation of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) using Phlebia sp. MG-60
Authors: Nurika I , Indirahayu T , Suhartini S 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to evalute the effects of the addition of malt extract and incubation time on ethanol production from lignocellulose degradation of OPEFB usingPhlebia sp. MG-60. The first experiment was conducted to figure out the best treatment of the addition of malt extract (0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 g/L) for the degradation of lignocellulose usingPhlebia sp. MG-60 for 28 days, then followed with the ethanol production which incubated into diferent time courses (0, 3, 5, and 7 days). Total reducing sugar (TRS), total soluble phenol (TSP), pH, lignin concentration, weight loss and ethanol concentration were analyzed to identify the changes on the breakdown of lignocellulose. The best treatment was obtained from the addition of malt extract 0.2 g/L with the highest amount on TRS (26.489 mg/g) incubated for 15 days. While weight loss (19.01%) and the lowest lignin residue (12.61%) were obtained from culture incubated for 28 days. Meanwhile the highest ethanol concentration was 0.28% obtained from 5 days culture.
Preliminary study of natural dyes application on batik
Authors: Rahayuningsih T , Rejeki F S , Wedowati E R , Widhowati D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Batik is an Indonesia cultural heritage. In general, batik dyeing uses synthetic dyes, which can cause problems in health and the environment. Therefore, the exploration of natural dyes is needed to apply to batik. This study aimed to determine the quality of batik used natural dyes based on the types of plants and the types of leaves. Natural dyes were extracted using a heating method with a water solvent. Natural dye sources took from glodogan tiang (Polyathea longifolia), teak (Tectona grandis L. F), angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), and mango (Mangifera indica) leaves. The types of leaves were fresh and fallen leaves. The natural dyes applied as a dye of batik with tunjung fixation material. Test on the result of batik dyeing used the color difference test (L* a* b) and consumer preference test with parameters of color intensity, batik neatness, and clarity on batik motif. Determining the importance level of the batik quality parameters used the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. Then the selection of the best treatment alternative was made using the Expectation Value method. The results of the study shown that the best treatment was batik with natural dyes from fallen leaves of teak. That caused dye of teak fallen leaves can bound more tightly than other leaves.
Sterilisation technology for disposable diapers waste using double jacket and centrifugal speed principles
Authors: Elviliana  , Saputra B Y R D , Fahira A , Suhartini S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Globally, disposable baby diapers demand continues to grow alongside with an increase in the birth rate and child (aged 0-3) population. On average, diapers consumption is around 6-8 pieces per baby, giving approximately 6,300 diapers for the next 2.5 years. Furthermore, each diaper contains 35% of organic and 65% of inorganic materials. The presences of inorganic materials pose a detrimental effect on environment as it needs around 500-800 year to breakdown or degrade. This study was aimed to enhance the valorisation of disposable baby diapers waste by implementing sterilisation technology. The technology was based on a double jacket and centrifugal speed principles, enabling to effectively and safely sterilise the diapers waste. The comparison with the conventional technology was carried out based on the following parameters: total number of E. coli, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), turbidity, pH, temperature, and operational cost analysis. The results indicated that the proposed sterilisation technology has superior performance than conventional sterilisation technology. The findings also confirmed that the sterilised diapers waste can be further reused for making other valuable products, such as eco-friendly handy craft or souvenirs. Economically, the implementation of the proposed technology can support the creation of green creative industries, particularly in Indonesia.
Keratin biofilm from chicken feathers
Authors: Nurkhasanah U , Susanti E , Idris A M , Suharti S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Keratin is an important biomaterial for industrial applications. About 90% of keratin is found in chicken feathers. Previous study showed that solid-state fermentation of keratinase by Bacillus sp. MD24 using chicken feathers a sole carbon and nitrogen source produced micro-keratin as a solid by-product. However, soluble by-product which most probably contained soluble keratin was not yet studied. This paper reports our investigation in soluble keratin in liquid by-product as possible raw material to generate biofilm. Fermentation of keratinase was done for 10 consecutive days by Bacillus sp. MD24 and liquid by-product was separated from solid by-product by centrifugation at 5000 rpm. The size of soluble keratin was examined by particle size analyser (PSA). The soluble keratin was filmed and the film was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and film surface was analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Dissolution of keratin using ionic liquids 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM]Ac) was done as alternative keratin degradation process. Dissolution was performed under nitrogen atmosphere at 130 °C for 7 hours. Insoluble fraction was recovered by addition of water. Keratin biofilm was generated and FTIR spectra indicated of absorption bands which were assigned to the peptide bonds (-CONH). The bands exhibited the presence of protein. There were no much difference on surface structure between keratin biofilm produced from soluble keratin by-product and dissolved keratin produced by dissolution using ionic liquid.
Bioactive compound analysis and antioxidant activity of endophytic bacterial extract from Noni fruits (Morinda citrifolia L.)
Authors: Rabima  , Harlim L , Sogandi  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Endophytic bacteria have been recognised as a microorganism that has an important role as the producer of bioactive compounds. In the literature, endophytic bacteria from Noni fruits (Morinda citrifolia l.) with their antioxidant activities have been rarely studied. This research aimed at isolating endophytic bacteria associated with Noni fruits to investigate their antioxidant activity, to identify potential endophytic bacteria with16s rRNA and to detect bioactive compounds. Based on morphological characteristics of bacterial colonies, six endophytic bacteria were isolates from Noni fruits. The isolates were observed and evaluated in terms of their antioxidant activities using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Results of this study discovered supernatant from isolate ACP3 to have the highest 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free-radical scavenging activity up to 68.90%. In addition, molecular identification conducted by poly chain reaction amplification on 16S rRNA gene showed isolate ACP3 belong to Staphylococcus sp. with 100% sequence similarities. Looking at GCMS analysis, ethyl acetate fraction from the secondary metabolites of isolate ACP3 contained pyrazine alkaloids, which have been known as a bioactive compound. Based on these results, the ACP3 strain was considered as a good and sustainable resource for natural antioxidants.
Characterization of crude cellulase enzyme produced by Bacillus licheniformis P12 isolate
Authors: Wijayanti S D , Oliviani K , Kusnadi J , Putri R A C 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Microbial enzymes utilization in industrial application recently has become extensive. One enzyme that is widely used in industry is the cellulase which is able to hydrolyse the glycosidic β-1.4 bonds present in cellulose. In previous studies, isolation of a cellulose degrading bacteria P12 from Mount Merapi spring water was carried out which had the highest cellulolytic activity (2.326 ± 0.219 U/mg). This research aims to identify P12 isolates molecularly using the 16S-rRNA gene, and characterize the cellulase produced. A descriptive quantitative design was used in this research. The P12 isolate was revealed to be Bacillus licheniformis based on 16S rRNA analysis with 99% homology. The concentration of ammonium sulfate 70% saturation can precipitate cellulase enzymes with purification folds of 6 times with specific activities 0.0103 U / mg. Cellulase enzyme fractionated with ammonium sulfate at this research was optimum at pH 7 and temperature 50°C.
Analysis of probiotic characteristics and LAB viability of seaweed hydrolysis (Eucheuma cottonii)
Authors: Permatasari V R , Setyaningsih D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Eucheuma cottoni is one of the most utilised marine commodities for carrageenan production. Carrageenan can also be used for probiotics production. This study aimed to obtain bacterial growth media with the highest probiotic activity before and after drying. The study consisted of several stages, include: pre-hydrolysis, hydrolysis with inactive enzymes, chemical and microbiological characterisation, drying with spray drying, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) viability test. The results show that the untreated sample had the best results compared to that of the filtering and precipitation samples. The untreated sample had reducing sugar content of 0.35%, total sugar 2.81%, pH 5.37, total acid 0.147%, and total LAB of 8.2x108 CFU/mL. After drying with spray drying, the LAB viability reduced to 9.7x106 CFU/mL.
Current status: the morphology diversity of Bacillus subtilis phages and their genome size
Authors: Handoko Y A , Wardani A K , Sutrisno A , Widjanarko S B 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis phages are viruses that specifically infect Bacillus subtilis. The exploration of Bacillus subtilis phages are very important related to their application in the agroindustry, especially as biocontrol in contamination of the raw materials and food products. The comparative study of morphology and genome size of Bacillus subtilis phages were carried out to understand phage interactions with their hosts. Until this article is presented, there are 18 species of Bacillus subtilis phages from various region of the world. They are 9 species in the Myoviridae family, 4 species in the Siphoviridae family, and 5 species in the Podoviridae family. The range of genome size of B. subtilis phages were known from 18,000 to 160,000 bp with different ranges of ORFs 15–250. Their protein function can be identified between 20–60%.
Use of alternative water sources in irrigation: potential scales, costs, and environmental impacts in California
Authors: Qin Yuwei , Horvath Arpad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Under the risk of drought, unreliable water supplies, and growing water demand, there is a growing need worldwide to explore alternative water sources to meet the demand for irrigation in agriculture and other outdoor activities. This paper estimates stocks, production capacities, economic costs, energy implications, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with recycled water, desalinated brackish and seawater, and stormwater in California, the largest US state and the most significant fresh and processed food producer. The combined recycled water and stormwater supply could increase the share of alternative water use in urban land irrigation (parks and golf courses) from the current rate of 4.6% to 48% and in agriculture from 0.82% to 5.4% while increasing annual water costs by $900 million (1.8% of California’s annual agricultural revenue) and energy use by 710 GWh (0.28% of California’s annual electricity consumption). The annual supply of alternative water greatly exceeds the amount of water currently used in the food processing industry. In case studies of high-value agricultural produce, conventional water use was found to contribute approximately 17%, 12%, 4.1%, and 1.7% to the total GHG emissions of avocados, lemons, celery, and strawberries, respectively. However, materials (mostly packaging) contribute 46%, 26%, 47%, and 66%, and diesel use on farms 18%, 28%, and 14% for lemons, celery, and strawberries, respectively (data for avocados were not available). Switching to recycled water or stormwater would increase the total GHG emissions of one serving size of packaged strawberries, celery, lemons, and avocados by 3.0%, 7.8%, 11%, and 27%, respectively, desalinated brackish water by 23%, 58%, 150%, and 210%, and desalinated seawater by 35%, 88%, 230%, and 320%. Though switching to alternative water will increase costs, energy demand, and GHG emissions, they could be offset by turning to less environmentally damaging materials in agricultural production and sales (especially packaging).
CRISPRL and: Interpretable large-scale inference of DNA repair landscape based on a spectral approach
Authors: Aghazadeh Amirali , Ocal Orhan , Ramchandran Kannan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSummaryWe propose a new spectral framework for reliable training, scalable inference and interpretable explanation of the DNA repair outcome following a Cas9 cutting. Our framework, dubbed CRISPRL and, relies on an unexploited observation about the nature of the repair process: the landscape of the DNA repair is highly sparse in the (Walsh–Hadamard) spectral domain. This observation enables our framework to address key shortcomings that limit the interpretability and scaling of current deep-learning-based DNA repair models. In particular, CRISPRL and reduces the time to compute the full DNA repair landscape from a striking 5230 years to 1 week and the sampling complexity from 1012 to 3 million guide RNAs with only a small loss in accuracy (R2R2 ∼ 0.9). Our proposed framework is based on a divide-and-conquer strategy that uses a fast peeling algorithm to learn the DNA repair models. CRISPRL and captures lower-degree features around the cut site, which enrich for short insertions and deletions as well as higher-degree microhomology patterns that enrich for longer deletions.Availability and implementationThe CRISPRL and software is publicly available at https://github.com/UCBASiCS/CRISPRLand.
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Epidemic in Zimbabwe: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Katsidzira Leolin , Gwaunza Lenon , Hakim James G 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe trajectory and impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa are unclear, but they are seemingly varied between different countries, with most reporting low numbers. We use the situation in Zimbabwe to build an argument that the epidemic is likely to be attenuated in some countries with similar socioeconomic and cultural structures. However, even an attenuated epidemic may overwhelm weak health systems, emphasizing the importance of prevention. These prevention strategies should be tailored to the unique social and cultural networks of individual countries, which may facilitate the spread of SARS-CoV-2. It is also equally important to maintain services for the major infectious diseases in the region, such as tuberculosis and malaria. A breakdown of treatment and prevention services for these conditions may even overshadow the projected morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Physiological mechanisms linking cold acclimation and the poleward distribution limit of a range-extending marine fish
Authors: Wolfe Barrett W , Fitzgibbon Quinn P , Semmens Jayson M , Tracey Sean R , Pecl Gretta T 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExtensions of species’ geographical distributions, or range extensions, are among the primary ecological responses to climate change in the oceans. Considerable variation across the rates at which species’ ranges change with temperature hinders our ability to forecast range extensions based on climate data alone. To better manage the consequences of ongoing and future range extensions for global marine biodiversity, more information is needed on the biological mechanisms that link temperatures to range limits. This is especially important at understudied, low relative temperatures relevant to poleward range extensions, which appear to outpace warm range edge contractions four times over. Here, we capitalized on the ongoing range extension of a teleost predator, the Australasian snapper Chrysophrys auratus, to examine multiple measures of ecologically relevant physiological performance at the population’s poleward range extension front. Swim tunnel respirometry was used to determine how mid-range and poleward range edge winter acclimation temperatures affect metabolic rate, aerobic scope, swimming performance and efficiency and recovery from exercise. Relative to ‘optimal’ mid-range temperature acclimation, subsequent range edge minimum temperature acclimation resulted in absolute aerobic scope decreasing while factorial aerobic scope increased; efficiency of swimming increased while maximum sustainable swimming speed decreased; and recovery from exercise required a longer duration despite lower oxygen payback. Cold-acclimated swimming faster than 0.9 body lengths sec−1 required a greater proportion of aerobic scope despite decreased cost of transport. Reduced aerobic scope did not account for declines in recovery and lower maximum sustainable swimming speed. These results suggest that while performances decline at range edge minimum temperatures, cold-acclimated snapper are optimized for energy savings and range edge limitation may arise from suboptimal temperature exposure throughout the year rather than acute minimum temperature exposure. We propose incorporating performance data with in situ behaviour and environmental data in bioenergetic models to better understand how thermal tolerance determines range limits.
A Systematic Review of Fecal Microbiota Transplant for the Management of Pouchitis
Authors: Kayal Maia , Lambin Thomas , Pinotti Rachel , Dubinsky Marla C , Grinspan Ari 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundManipulation of the pouch microbiota via fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) has been theorized to be a promising therapeutic approach for pouchitis. The goal of this systematic review was to summarize the available, high-quality data on the efficacy and safety of FMT for acute and chronic pouchitis.MethodsA systematic electronic literature search was conducted on Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies that assessed the efficacy and safety of FMT for the treatment of acute and/or chronic pouchitis in patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis were included.ResultsFour studies involving the use of FMT for chronic pouchitis were considered eligible for data extraction. No study involving the use of FMT for the management of acute pouchitis was identified. In 1 study, 3/5 (75%) patients achieved sustained clinical remission at 3 months. In the remaining 3 studies, 2/8, 1/11, and 1/5 patients achieved clinical response defined as a decrease in pouchitis disease activity index at least 3. Stool donor engraftment as determined by 16s rRNA gene sequencing occurred only in those patients with clinical response.ConclusionsThe 4 studies that met inclusion criteria for this systematic review indicate FMT is safe in chronic pouchitis, however largely not efficacious. These data are limited by study heterogeneity. Additional studies are required to guide the use of FMT in patients with acute and chronic pouchitis.