bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Majority Attitudes toward Minority Nations in Multinational Federations: The Case of Canada
Authors: Ferland Benjamin , Turgeon Luc 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhile a relatively large body of literature has explored the conditions that might promote either reform or the status quo in multinational federations, few studies have explored majority attitudes toward minority nations in the context of multinational federations. In this article, we ask what factors account for majority attitudes toward minority nations in multinational federations. In making use of data from the 2011 Canadian election study (CES), we explore both attitudes toward Quebec in general and the willingness to do more for Quebec, which we refer to respectively as “affective attitudes” and “policy attitudes.” Our findings demonstrate the key role played by generalized prejudice and perceptions of how one’s province is treated in the Canadian federation in structuring both sets of attitudes. The impact of Canadian identity, on the other hand, is more limited. Meanwhile, conservative ideological predispositions are a predictor of policy attitudes but not affective attitudes.
THE REAL GRADED BRAUER GROUP
Authors: Karoubi Max , Weibel Charles 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe introduce a version of the Brauer–Wall group for Real vector bundles of algebras (in the sense of Atiyah) and compare it to the topological analogue of the Witt group. For varieties over the reals, these invariants capture the topological parts of the Brauer–Wall and Witt groups.
Neurological Soft Signs and Brain Network Abnormalities in Schizophrenia
Authors: Kong Li , Herold Christina J , Cheung Eric F C , Chan Raymond C K , Schröder Johannes 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNeurological soft signs (NSS) are often found in patients with schizophrenia. A wealth of neuroimaging studies have reported that NSS are related to disturbed cortical-subcortical-cerebellar circuitry in schizophrenia. However, the association between NSS and brain network abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia remains unclear. In this study, the graph theoretical approach was used to analyze brain network characteristics based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. NSS were assessed using the Heidelberg scale. We found that there was no significant difference in global network properties between individuals with high and low levels of NSS. Regional network analysis showed that NSS were associated with betweenness centrality involving the inferior orbital frontal cortex, the middle temporal cortex, the hippocampus, the supramarginal cortex, the amygdala, and the cerebellum. Global network analysis also demonstrated that NSS were associated with the distribution of network hubs involving the superior medial frontal cortex, the superior and middle temporal cortices, the postcentral cortex, the amygdala, and the cerebellum. Our findings suggest that NSS are associated with alterations in topological attributes of brain networks corresponding to the cortical-subcortical-cerebellum circuit in patients with schizophrenia, which may provide a new perspective for elucidating the neural basis of NSS in schizophrenia.
Concordance between self-reported and actigraphy-assessed sleep duration among African-American adults: findings from the Jackson Heart Sleep Study
Authors: Jackson Chandra L , Ward Julia B , Johnson Dayna A , Sims Mario , Wilson James , Redline Susan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Study Objectives
Most epidemiological studies assess sleep duration using questionnaires. Interpreting this information requires understanding the extent to which self-reported habitual sleep reflects objectively assessed sleep duration, particularly among African Americans, who disproportionately experience poor sleep health.

Methods
Among African-American participants of the Jackson Heart Sleep Study, we investigated differences in questionnaire-based self-assessed average sleep duration and self-assessed wake-bed time differences compared to actigraphy-based assessments of total sleep time (TST) and average time in bed (TIB). Linear regression models provided estimates of concordance between actigraphy-based and self-reported sleep duration.

Results
Among 821 adults, self-assessed average sleep duration was lower than self-assessed wake-bed time differences (6.4 ± 1.4 vs. 7.5 ± 1.7 h, p &lt; 0.0001). Mean actigraphy-based TST was 6.6 ± 1.2 h, and actigraphy-based average TIB was 7.6 ± 1.2 h. Self-assessed average sleep duration and actigraphy-based TST were moderately correlated (r = 0.28, p &lt; 0.0001). Self-assessed average sleep duration underestimated actigraphy-based TST by −30.7 min (95% confidence intervals [CI]: −36.5 to −24.9). In contrast, self-assessed wake-bed time differences overestimated actigraphy-based TST by 45.1 min (95% CI: 38.6–51.5). In subgroup analyses, self-assessed average sleep duration underestimated actigraphy-based measures most strongly among participants with insomnia symptoms.

Conclusions
Among African Americans, self-assessed average sleep duration underestimated objectively measured sleep while self-assessed wake-bed time differences overestimated objectively measured sleep. Sleep measurement property differences should be considered when investigating disparities in sleep and evaluating their associations with health outcomes.
The Effects of Skill Regimes and Family Policies on the Gender Employment Gap
Authors: Kang Ji Young 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Drawing on the literature of gendering varieties of capitalism, this study empirically tests whether skill regimes moderate the association between family policy and the gender employment gap. Using the Luxembourg Income Study for fifteen countries with multilevel analysis and various gender employment indicators, this study finds that general skill regimes are associated with a smaller gender employment gap in full-time jobs, high-skilled jobs, and in the private sector. The effects of parental leave vary significantly by skill regimes, suggesting that patterns of gender employment gap associated with parental leave differ by types of skill regimes.
Surveillance for Leishmania asymptomatic infection in endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Venezuela: a combination of leishmanin skin test and PCR using blood clots improves detection and enables identification of species
Authors: Torrellas Annhymariet , Ferrer Elizabeth , Cruz Israel , De Lima Hector , Borges Rafael , Delgado Olinda , Moffi Pablo , Miles Michael A , Feliciangeli M Dora 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the prevalence of asymptomatic leishmaniasis in Venezuela. The objective of this study was to quantify Leishmania asymptomatic infection in six endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Portuguesa State, Venezuela, where no previous data were available.

Methods
Study of the prevalence of Leishmania asymptomatic infection was carried out in 841 individuals from six endemic foci of CL in the municipalities Sucre and Ospino, Portuguesa State. We applied the leishmanin skin test (LST) and the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) PCR to DNA from sera and blood clots of all LST-positive and 20% of LST-negative patients.

Results
Of 841 inhabitants tested by LST, 197 returned a positive reaction (23.42%); all of the LST-positives (197) and 121 negatives were screened by nested PCR using serum and blood clots. Among the LST-positive group, 2.54% were PCR-positive with sera, while 44.67% were positive with blood clots. In the LST-negative group, PCR was positive in 2.48% of serum samples and in 38.84% of blood clots.

Conclusions
It is recommended that LST and PCR on blood clots are used together to detect exposure and asymptomatic infection and for identification of the Leishmania species.
MicroRNA‐3064‐5p sponged by MALAT1 suppresses angiogenesis in human hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the FOXA1/CD24/Src pathway
Authors: Zhang Pei , Ha Mei , Li Lianbing , Huang Xu , Liu Changjiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAngiogenesis is critical for the development, progression, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the roles of miR‐3064‐5p in HCC angiogenesis are still unknown. In this study, the roles of miR‐3064‐5p in HCC angiogenesis were studied in 192 HCC patients, xenograft mouse models, and HCC cell lines. The results showed that miR‐3064‐5p expression was significantly decreased in HCC tissues and cells, and downregulated miR‐3064‐5p was associated with upregulated angiogenic potential of HCC. MiR‐3064‐5p inhibited proangiogenic VEGFA and angiogenin expressions but induced antiangiogenic endostatin and MMP12 expressions, finally leading to suppression of HCC angiogenesis, as shown by the decline in intratumoral microvessel density (MVD). Moreover, miR‐3064‐5p was inversely correlated with lncRNA MALAT1 and FOXA1. FOXA1 bound to and interacted with CD24 and then regulated Src phosphorylation. MiR‐3064‐5p played an antiangiogenic role by inhibiting the FOXA1/CD24/Src pathway, whereas oncogenic MALAT1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR‐3064‐5p to alleviate the suppressive effect on the FOXA1 pathway. HCC patients with high miR‐3064‐5p, low MALAT1, or low FOXA1 expression had a better prognosis with longer overall survival and recurrence‐free survival. In univariate and multivariate analyses, miR‐3064‐5p was identified as the independent prognostic predicator for HCC progression and patient survival. Taken together, miR‐3064‐5p exerts an antiangiogenic role by targeting the FOXA1/CD24/Src pathway but oncogenic lncRNA MALAT1 acts as a ceRNA to sponge miR‐3064‐5p. MiR‐3064‐5p is of great clinical significance and is a novel prognostic indicator and an attractive therapeutic target for HCC.
Early Intervention in preterm infants modulates LINE-1 promoter methylation and neurodevelopment
Authors: Fontana Camilla , Marasca Federica , Provitera Livia , Mancinelli Sara , Pesenti Nicola , Sinha Shruti , Passera Sofia , Abrignani Sergio , Mosca Fabio , Lodato Simona , Bodega Beatrice , Fumagalli Monica 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundEarly life adversity exposure impacts preterm infants’ neurodevelopment and early intervention protocols may modulate neurodevelopmental outcomes.Neuronal genomes are plastic in response to environment and mobile genetic elements, including LINE-1 (L1), are source of brain genomic mosaicism. Maternal care during early life regulates L1 methylation and copy number variations (CNVs) in mice. Here, we sought to identify the effects of maternal care and positive multisensory stimulation (Early Intervention) on L1 methylation and neurodevelopment in preterm infants.MethodsVery preterm infants were randomized to receive Standard Care or Early Intervention. L1 methylation was measured at birth and at hospital discharge. At 12 months infants’ neurodevelopment was evaluated with the Griffiths Scales. L1 methylation and CNVs were measured in mouse brain areas at embryonic and postnatal stages.ResultsWe demonstrated that L1 is hypomethylated in preterm versus term infants at birth. Early Intervention contributes to restore L1 methylation and positively modulates neurodevelopment. We showed that L1 methylation is developmentally-regulated in mice, decreasing in early postnatal life stages, which turns into an increased L1 CNVs specifically in hippocampus and cortex.ConclusionsHere we demonstrated that L1 dynamics can be modulated by Early Intervention, in parallel with ameliorated neurodevelopmental outcomes. We further identified a specific developmental window of the fetal mouse brain, sensitive to early life experience, in which L1 dynamics are fine-tuned contributing to shape the brain genomic landscape.Trail RegistrationclinicalTrial.gov (NCT02983513)FundingItalian Ministry of Health (RC 780/03 2017), University of Milan (DISCCO 2015) and INGM internal funding.
Genome analysis of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains, LLY-606 and pc-26, for evaluating their potential as probiotics
Authors: Sudun  , Liang Lifeng , Li Zhenzhen , Lin Qingnan , Peng Can , Lei Xuejing , Liu Songling 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLactobacillus plantarum was not only one of the most popular probiotics, but also one of the most versatile lactic acid bacteria. L. plantarum LLY-606 and L. plantarum pc-26 are strains isolated from human gut that are intended to be explored as probiotics. In this study, the genome sequences of LLY-606 and pc-26 were sequenced, and multiple genes related to probiotic properties were analyzed. First, the pathogenicity of these strains was evaluated, and antibiotic resistance genes were surveyed at the whole genome level to determine their primary safety. And then, genes for stress response, plantaricin (pln) biosynthesis, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) biosynthesis, and bile salt hydrolase (BSH) were analyzed to evaluate their industrial utilization, adhesive capacity, and survival ability in gut, which were properties fundamental for probiotic strains. The physiological features assured by these genes were assayed in vitro. The strains were then evaluated in vivo for their ability to lower cholesterol, and they were both found to be effective in improving hypercholesterolemia in golden hamsters. In this study, a genetic pre-evaluation was conducted through genome analysis combined with in vitro physiological assay, and the probiotic properties of these strains were verified in vivo.
Kinobead Profiling Reveals Reprogramming of B-cell Receptor Signaling in Response to Therapy Within Primary Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Linley AJ , Karydis LI , Mondru A , D’Avola A , Cicconi S , Griffin R , Forconi F , Pettitt AR , Kalakonda N , Rawstron A , Hillmen P , Steele AJ , MacEwan DJ , Packham G , Prior IA , Slupsky JR 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTSignaling via the B-cell receptor (BCR) is critical for driving CLL pathobiology, promoting both malignant cell survival and disease progression. However, understanding of this pathway is limited, particularly in relation to potential changes in response to therapy. Here, we describe a kinobead-based protocol, used in conjunction with mass-spectrometry to study surface-IgM signaling in primary CLL cells. We identified a ‘fingerprint’ of over 30 kinases which displayed unique, patientspecific response following sIgM stimulation. Matched analysis of CLL cells in samples taken from clinical trials showed that BCR-induced kinome responses altered between baseline and disease progression in patients who relapsed from chemoimmunotherapy. Moreover, adaptive changes to BCR signaling were also observed in CLL cells from clinical trial patients receiving ibrutinib; longitudinal profiling revealed increased signaling despite BTK inhibition. Collectively, these data comprise the first comprehensive investigation into BCR signaling response within CLL where kinobead profiling reveals unique evidence of adaptive reprogramming in response to therapy.
Advancing clinical cohort selection with genomics analysis on a distributed platform
Authors: Smith Jaclyn M , Lathara Melvin , Wright Hollis , Hill Brian , Ganapati Nalini , Srinivasa Ganapati , Denny Christopher T 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe affordability of next-generation genomic sequencing and the improvement of medical data management have contributed largely to the evolution of biological analysis from both a clinical and research perspective. Precision medicine is a response to these advancements that places individuals into better-defined subsets based on shared clinical and genetic features. The identification of personalized diagnosis and treatment options is dependent on the ability to draw insights from large-scale, multi-modal analysis of biomedical datasets. Driven by a real use case, we premise that platforms that support precision medicine analysis should maintain data in their optimal data stores, should support distributed storage and query mechanisms, and should scale as more samples are added to the system.ResultsWe extended a genomics-based columnar data store, GenomicsDB, for ease of use within a distributed analytics platform for clinical and genomic data integration, known as the ODA framework. The framework supports interaction from an i2b2 plugin as well as a notebook environment. We show that the ODA framework exhibits worst-case linear scaling for array size (storage), import time (data construction), and query time for an increasing number of samples. We go on to show worst-case linear time for both import of clinical data and aggregate query execution time within a distributed environment.ConclusionsThis work highlights the integration of a distributed genomic database with a distributed compute environment to support scalable and efficient precision medicine queries from a HIPAA-compliant, cohort system in a real-world setting. The ODA framework is currently deployed in production to support precision medicine exploration and analysis from clinicians and researchers at UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine.
Making sense of an innovation in a safety-critical megaproject
Authors: Aaltonen Kirsi , Gotcheva Nadezhda , Kujala Jaakko , Artto Karlos 
Published: November 2019

PurposeIn megaprojects, changes in scope and organization may occur continuously. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how actors in a project network make sense of a safety-related process innovation introduced during the design phase.Design/methodology/approachAn inductive single case study of an ongoing nuclear power plant project in Europe was employed to elucidate sensemaking processes using a narrative approach.FindingsThe empirical analysis yielded nine distinct narratives regarding the innovation each advancing a different account of the rationale for implementing the new method, and the subjects, objects and implications of the change. The findings suggest that actors’ differing framings of innovation may increase ambiguity and equivocality.Originality/valueThese insights augment existing knowledge of innovation management and system safety in safety-critical megaprojects by revealing project actors’ discrepant sensemaking processes with regard to innovations. To successfully manage sensemaking and its consequences for innovation adoption, managers need to take account of any such discrepancies in sensemaking processes.
Towards a welfare system that produces inequality? Interpreting the new conditions of inclusion and exclusion in two Italian cases in a macro-micro-macro perspective
Authors: De Vita Luisa , Lucciarini Silvia 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the mechanisms through which social inequality is produced and reproduced, beginning from an examination of the close interrelationship between the macro level of policy and institutional action and the micro level of activity by a variety of actors.

Design/methodology/approach
Referring specifically to Italy and considering exemplary cases, namely the conditions of esodati and new self-employed workers, this paper seeks to provide a more organic interpretation of the differential effects of specific national policies and imminent shifts in the productive system on the individuals affected by them. To describe the Italian context in an international perspective, at the macro level, the authors analyze this phenomenon using the famous worlds of welfare regime developed by Esping-Andersen and the varieties of capitalism formulated by Hall and Soskice, whereas at the micro level, the authors analyze the dynamic relations between individual and institutional factors that generate inequalities.

Findings
The paper seeks to highlight the complexity of new conditions of marginality, stressing the importance of a comprehensive approach.

Originality/value
So far there have been few attempts in Italy to explore the possibility of implementing the kind of “mixed” social support measures seen in other countries. In a variable way on the basis of specific needs, such measures encompass services and cash benefits as well as income, housing and employment support. This approach might represent a scalable and modular solution that lends itself well to the country’s already significant socio-economic segmentation.
Smart destination brands: semiotic analysis of visual and verbal signs
Authors: Gretzel Ulrike , Collier de Mendonça Maria 
Published: November 2019

PurposeSmart tourism is a destination management approach that requires the buy-in of a myriad of stakeholders. Its many audiences and complexity demand the creation of meaningful brands to effectively position and communicate smart tourism initiatives. The purpose of this paper is to explore how smart tourism branding strategies have been implemented to communicate relevant values, benefits and attributes to industry stakeholders through institutional websites.Design/methodology/approachBased on a semiotic analysis of two smart tourism-related sites (destinosinteligentes.es and smarttourismcapital.eu), the research interprets the brand-related visual and verbal signs.FindingsThe findings highlight how brand elements embedded in websites communicate a brand identity and facilitate particular interpretations of smart tourism. Both brands use similar signs to promote a techtopian vision of smart destinations but employ different strategies to motivate stakeholder buy-in.Research limitations/implicationsSmart tourism is currently largely embedded in overall smart city initiatives and finding tourism-specific examples online is difficult. However, the two selected websites reflect the brands of multiple destinations and permit a detailed analysis of meaning making. Future research can focus on how brand-related signs are perceived by different stakeholders.Practical implicationsIdentifying the strategies and shortcomings of current smart tourism brands informs future smart tourism branding efforts and effective communication with smart tourism stakeholders.Originality/valueSemiotics is a relevant but underutilized method to understand how smart tourism initiatives conceptualize “smartness.”
A scuffing model considering additive depletion in boundary lubrication
Authors: Lee Bora , Yu Yonghun , Cho Yong-Joo 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a new scuffing model caused by the depletion of additives in boundary lubrication condition.

Design/methodology/approach
The differential equation governing the distribution of additive content in the fluid film was used. This formula was derived from the principle of mass conservation of additives considering the consumption due to surface adsorption of wear particles. The occurrence of scuffing was determined by comparing the wear rate of the oxide layer with the oxidation rate.

Findings
If the additive becomes depleted while sliding, the scuffing failure occurs even at a low-temperature condition below the critical temperature. The critical sliding distance at which scuffing failure occurred was suggested. The experimental data of the existing literature and the theoretical prediction using the proposed model are shown to be in good agreement.

Originality/value
It is expected to be used in the design of oil supply grooves for sliding bearings operating under extreme conditions or in selecting the minimum initial additive concentration required to avoid scuffing failure under given contact conditions.