bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cemented versus uncemented total hip arthroplasty for failed proximal femoral nail anti-rotation fixation in patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures: 5-year results of a retrospective observational study
Authors: Chen Wenli , Shuai Mao , Lin Jinluan , Chen Baomin , Zhao Mingdong , Zhang Chao Xin , Yu Weiguang , Han Guowei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Cemented or uncemented total hip arthroplasty (CTHA or UTHA) is being increasingly performed in patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures (IFFs) who failed to be treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotations (PFNA) fixation. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of CTHA or UTHA following prior failed PFNA fixation in patients with IFFs.Methods: Data from 244 patients with IFFs who underwent a conversion of PFNA to CTHA (PCA, n =120) or to UTHA (PUA, n = 124) due to pain and hip disfunction during 2008-2018 were retrospectively analysed. Follow-up occurred 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and yearly thereafter. The mean follow-up was 64 months (range, 57 – 71 months). The Harris hip score (HHS) was the primary outcome; the incidence of major orthopaedic complications was the secondary outcome.Results: At the final follow-up, HHS was 79.54±18.85 vs 75.26±18.27 (PCA vs PUA, p = 0.014). There were significant differences between groups regarding the incidence of prosthesis revision, prosthesis loosening, and periprosthetic fracture (5.8% for PCA vs 14.5% for PUA, p = 0.025; 10.0% for PCA vs 20.1% for PUA, p = 0.027; 3.3% for PCA vs 10.5% for PUA, p = 0.028, respectively). Conclusion: The results of the study demonstrated a significant advantage with respect to HHS and major orthopaedic complication rate in favor of CTHA, as compared to UTHA in patients with a failed PFNA treatment.
Clinical efficacy of single intraoperative 500 mg methylprednisolone management therapy for thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum
Authors: Huo Xiaoyang , Zhou Jiaming , Liu Shiwei , Guo Xing , Xue Yuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The objective of our study was to compare clinical outcome and postoperative complications between patients with thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) treated with and without intraoperative methylprednisolone (MP).Methods This retrospective study enrolled 101 patients who underwent posterior approach surgery for OLF and were followed up at least 1 year. Patients were divided into two groups according to MP use in the operation: MP group (n=47) and non-MP group (n=54). Clinical outcomes and complications were evaluated before and after operation and at the last follow-up.Results Significant differences were found in modified Japanese Orthopedics Association (mJOA) scores and proportion of Frankel grade (A-C) between the two groups immediately after surgery and at 2-week follow-up. No significant differences were found between the two groups in mJOA score before operation and at the final follow-up. Moreover, no significant differences were observed in recovery rate according to mJOA score at any time points, and there were no significant differences in the proportion of Frankel grade between the two groups. There were 13 documented infections: 10 in the MP group and 3 in the non-MP group ( P =0.034).Conclusion Management therapy with intraoperative 500 mg methylprednisolone promoted the recovery of nerve function within 2 weeks in patients with thoracic myelopathy caused by OLF. However, long-term follow-up results showed that intraoperative methylprednisolone was inefficient. Moreover, intraoperative methylprednisolone increased the rate of wound infection.
A phase I study of a dual PI3-Kinase/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 in adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute leukemia
Authors: Lang Fabian , Wunderle Lydia , Badura Susanne , Schleyer Eberhard , Brüggemann Monika , Serve Hubert , Schnittger Susanne , Gökbuget Nicola , Pfeifer Heike , Wagner Sebastian , Bug Gesine , Ottmann Oliver 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Combined inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complexes may be an efficient treatment for acute leukemia. The primary objective of this phase I single centre open lable study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of the dual pan-class I PI3K and mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 in patients with advanced leukemia.Methods Herein patients > 18 years of age who had relapsed or showed refractory leukemia were treated with BEZ235 (orally at 300-400 mg BID (cohort -1/1)) to assess safety, tolerability, preliminary efficacy and pharmakokinetic (PK). Adverse events data and serious adverse events were analyzed and haematological and clinical biochemistry toxicities were assessed from laboratory test parameters. Response was assessed for the first time at the end of cycle 1 (day 29) and after every subsequent cycle. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses of BEZ235 were also included (BEZ235 plasma levels, phosphorylation of AKT, S6 and 4EBP1). On statistics this trial is a multiple ascending dose study in which a following variant of the 3+3 rule (“Rolling Six”), a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 12 patients was recruited for the dose escalation and another 5 were planned for the expansion phase. Results Twenty-four patients with ALL (n=11) or AML (n=12) or CML-BP (n=1) were enrolled. All patients had failed one (n=5) or more lines of therapy (n=5) and 14 patients were in refractory / refractory relapse. No formal MTD was defined, stomatitis and gastrointestinal toxicity at 400 mg BID dose was considered incompatible with prolonged treatment. The RP2D of BEZ235 was defined as 300 mg BID. Four of 24 patients showed clinical benefit. Twenty-two of 24 patients discontinued because of progression, (median time to progression 27 days (4d-112d). There was no association between PK parameters and efficacy or tolerability. Conclusions Combined inhibition of PI3K and mTOR inhibits a clinically meaningful driver pathway in a small subset of patients with ALL, with no benefit in patients with AML. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01756118. registered 19th Decembre 2012, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01756118
Mitochondrial function and oxidative stress markers in higher-frequency episodic migraine
Authors: Gross Elena C , Putananickal Niveditha , Orsini Anna-Lena , Vogt Deborah R. , Sandor Peter S. , Schoenen Jean , Fischer Dirk 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Increasing evidence points towards the role of mitochondrial functioning, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress in migraine. However not all previous research has been conclusive and some mitochondrial function / oxidative stress markers have not yet been examined. Methods To this end, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), total thiols, total plasma antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxide (PerOx), oxidised LDL (oxLDL), HbA1c and lactate were determined in the serum of 32 higher frequency episodic migraineurs (5-14 migraine days/ months, 19 with aura, 28 females) in this cross-sectional study. Results The majority of patients had abnormally low ALA and lactate levels (87.5% and 78.1%, respectively). 46.9% of the patients had abnormally high PerOx values, while for thiols and TAC over one third of patients had abnormally low values (31.2% and 37.5%, respectively). 21.9% of patients had abnormally low HbA1c and none had an HbA1c level above 5.6%. oxLDL was normal in all but one patient. Discussion This study provides further evidence for a role of oxidative stress and altered metabolism in migraine pathophysiology, which might represent a suitable therapeutic target. ALA, being too low in almost 90% of patients, might represent a potential biomarker for migraine. Further research is needed to replicate these results, in particular a comparison with a control group. This study is part of the trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03132233, registered on 27.04.2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03132233
A member of wheat class III peroxidase gene family, named TaPRX-2A, enhanced the tolerance of salt stress
Authors: Su Peisen , Yan Jun , Li Wen , Wang Liang , Zhao Jinxiao , Ma Xin , Li Anfei , Wang Hongwei , Kong Lingrang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Abiotic stresses including salt stress are environment stresses of limiting the crop growth and yield. It was reported that peroxidases (PRX) were involved in various abiotic stress responses. However, few wheat PRXs were characterized in the mechanism of abiotic stresses. Results: In this study, a novel wheat PRX gene named TaPRX-2A, a member of wheat class III peroxidase gene family, was cloned and characterized in salt stress response. According to the identification of class III PRXs in 12 different plants, we proposed an evolutionary model that this TaPRX-2A may have experienced some exon fusion events during evolution. The results of expression pattern showed that TaPRX-2A exhibited relatively high expression levels in root tissue, but low in stem and leaf tissues by using qRT-PCR. This TaPRX-2A was also induced by some stress and hormone treatments including PEG6000, NaCl, H 2 O 2 , SA, JA, and ABA. The result of overexpressing transgenic wheat showed that this TaPRX-2A enhanced the tolerance of salt comparing the wild-type wheat (WT). We also studied the molecular mechanism of TaPRX-2A mediating the salt stress response. Physiological experiments indicated that TaPRX-2A -overexpressing transgenic wheat possessed a higher survival rate, higher relative water content, and longer shoot length than WT, but remained the same in the root length under salt stress. Further experiments indicated that TaPRX-2A -overexpressing transgenic lines enhanced abiotic tolerance by enhancing oxidative stress tolerance, such as higher antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes, reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and lower levels of MDA content. Moreover, the transcript levels of stress-related genes were up-regulated by overexpression of TaPRX-2A. Conclusions: The results showed that TaPRX-2A play a positive factor in response to salt stress by scavenging ROS and regulating stress-related genes.
Harmonizing evidence-based practice, implementation context, and implementation strategies with user-centered design: a case example in young adult cancer care
Authors: Haines Emily R , Dopp Alex , Lyon Aaron R. , Witteman Holly O. , Bender Miriam , Vaisson Gratianne , Hitch Danielle , Birken Sarah 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background. Attempting to implement evidence-based practices in contexts for which they are not well-suited may compromise their fidelity and effectiveness or burden users (e.g., patients, providers, healthcare organizations) with elaborate strategies intended to force implementation. To improve the fit between evidence-based practices and contexts, implementation science experts have called for methods for adapting evidence-based practices and contexts, and tailoring implementation strategies; yet, methods for considering the dynamic interplay among evidence-based practices, contexts, and implementation strategies remain lacking. We argue that harmonizing the three can be accomplished with User-Centered Design, an iterative and highly stakeholder-engaged set of principles and methods. Methods. This paper presents a case example in which we used User-Centered Design methods and a three-phase User-Centered Design process to design a care coordination intervention for young adults with cancer. Specifically, we used usability testing to redesign an existing evidence-based practice (i.e., patient-reported outcome measure that served as the basis for intervention) to optimize usability and usefulness, an ethnographic user and contextual inquiry to prepare the context (i.e., comprehensive cancer center) to promote receptivity to implementation, and iterative prototyping workshops with a multidisciplinary design team to design the care coordination intervention and anticipate implementation strategies needed to enhance contextual fit. Results. Our User-Centered Design process resulted in the Young Adult Needs Assessment and Service Bridge (NA-SB), including a patient-reported outcome measure redesigned to promote usability and usefulness and a protocol for its implementation. By ensuring NA-SB directly responded to features of users and context, we designed NA-SB for implementation , potentially minimizing the strategies needed to address misalignment that may have otherwise existed. Furthermore, we designed NA-SB for scale-up ; by engaging users from other cancer programs across the country to identify points of contextual variation which would require flexibility in delivery, we created a tool not overly tailored to one unique context. Conclusions. User-Centered Design can help maximize usability and usefulness when designing evidence-based practices, preparing contexts, and informing implementation strategies- in effect, harmonizing evidence-based practices, contexts, and implementation strategies to promote implementation and effectiveness.
Transcriptional response of Mar, Sox and Rob regulon against concentration gradient carbapenem stress within Escherichia coli isolated from hospital acquired infection
Authors: Chetri Shiela , Das Bhaskar Jyoti , Bhowmik Deepshikha , Chanda Debadatta Dhar , Chakravarty Atanu , Bhattacharjee Amitabha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective The present study was carried out to investigate the transcriptional response of marA (Multiple antibiotic resistance A gene), soxS (Superoxide S gene) and rob (Right-origin-binding gene) under carbapenem stress. Results 12 isolates over-expressing AcrAB-TolC efflux pump system and showing reduced expression of OmpF (Outer membrane porin) gene were selected for further study. Among them, overexpression of marA and rob was observed in 7 isolates. Increasing pattern of expression of marA and rob against meropenem was observed. The clones of marA and rob showed reduced susceptibility towards carbapenems.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxocara canis infection among primary schoolchildren from rural areas of southern Thailand
Authors: Phasuk Nonthapan , Punsawad Chuchard 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHuman toxocariasis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by a parasite in the genus Toxocara and is transmitted mainly by accidental ingestion of embryonated Toxocara canis (dog round worm) or T. cati (cat round worm) eggs. Several studies reported that children were the main population at risk for T. canis infection. Currently, no reports on the seroprevalence of T. canis infection in Thailand are available, and its status remains unknown among children who live in rural areas of southern Thailand.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. canis infection and its associated risk factors among primary schoolchildren in rural areas of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand.MethodsA total of 177 schoolchildren between 6 and 13 years of age were recruited between June and July 2019. Serum anti-T. canis IgG antibodies were detected with a commercial ELISA kit. A questionnaire administered by direct interviews was used to collect demographic and behavioral risk factor data.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of T. canis infection was 58.2% (103 of 177). The univariate analysis revealed that schoolchildren who did not practice handwashing before a meal (crude odds ratio (COR) = 3.67, 95% CI: 1.93-6.95, P < 0.001), did not practice hand washing after animal contact (COR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.53-5.47, P = 0.001), and drank untreated water (COR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.00-3.48, P = 0.049) had an increased risk of acquiring T. canis infection. However, after adjusting for confounders, only a lack of handwashing before a meal remained a significant risk factor (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.11-4.34, P = 0.023). Age, sex, owning a dog and eating fresh vegetables were not significantly associated with T. canis infection in the current study.ConclusionsThis is the first serological investigation of T. canis infection among schoolchildren in Thailand. The high rate of Toxocara seropositivity reflected high levels of exposure to T. canis among schoolchildren in rural areas of southern Thailand. The results also provide baseline data regarding modifiable risk behaviors for effective T. canis infection prevention strategies in southern Thailand, especially strengthening hand washing practices among schoolchildren.
Development of polyclonal antisera against movement proteins of the three poleroviruses infecting cucurbits and their serological relationships
Authors: Zhang Shao-kang , Zhao Tian-yu , Shi Xing , Liu Yu-zi , Wang Ying , Zhang Zong-ying , Li Da-Wei , Yu Jia-lin , Han Chenggui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), Melon aphid-borne yellows virus (MABYV) and Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus (SABYV) are three critical viruses infecting cucurbit crops. The preparation of specific antiserum against the virus is crucial for both the detection of virus and understanding the functions of the related genes. However, there is no report about detecting the three viruses using antisera against movement proteins (MP). Methods: In this study, we constructed prokaryotic expression vectors of the three viral movement proteins and transferred them into Escherichia coli strain Rosetta to purify the fusion proteins. Then the polyclonal antisera were obtained by immunizing New Zealand white rabbits. Western blotting was used to demonstrate the applicability of the three antisera. Results: We discovered that the titer of antiserum against MP CABYV reached to 1: 512000, and the titers of antisera against MP MABYV and MP SABYV reached to 1:256000. The optimized working concentration range for the three antisera was from 1:10000 to 1:64000. Both antisera against MP CABYV and MP MABYV could only react with the corresponding MP. The antiserum against MP SABYV not only had the strongest reaction with its MP but also could react with MP CABYV and MP MABYV at relative weaker levels and all the three antisera had no serological reactions with other poleroviruses tested. Furthermore, our results showed that the three antisera could specifically detect movement proteins both in Nicotiana benthamiana and cucumber leaves. Conclusions: We have established a sensitive system for detecting three poleroviruses infecting cucurbits by antisera against movement proteins, providing a material foundation for the future research on both the serological detection of viruses and the interaction mechanisms between the virus and host plants.
Microbial and inflammatory parameters during the process of non-surgical treatment of Peri-implantitis: Topical minocycline application
Authors: Shwe Yee Mon , Inoue Kensuke , Yamamoto Maiko , Hidemi Nakata , Kuroda Shinji , Kasugai Shohei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Deep learning-based dental plaque detection on primary teeth: a comparison with clinical assessments
Authors: You Wenzhe , Hao Aimin , Li Shuai , Wang Yong , Xia Bin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Dental plaque is the cause of many common oral diseases (e.g., caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis). Therefore, the detection and control of dental plaque are of great significance to children’s oral health. The objectives of this study are to design an artificial intelligence (AI) model based on deep learning to detect dental plaque on primary teeth and evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the AI model. Methods : A convolutional neural network (CNN) framework was adopted, and a total of 886 photos of primary teeth taken by an intraoral camera (1280*960 pixels; TPC Ligang, Shenzhen, China) were used for training the AI model. To validate the clinical feasibility, 98 photos of primary teeth taken by the intraoral camera were assessed by the AI model. Additionally, teeth photos were taken with a digital camera (3216*2136 pixels, Canon EOS 60D, Japan). One experienced pediatric dentist looked at these photos and drew the region of dental plaque on them. Then, a plaque-disclosing agent was applied, and the areas of dental plaque were identified. The mean intersection-over-union (MIoU) was employed to indicate the detection accuracy. Results : Compared to that of the dentist, the AI model demonstrated a higher MIoU (0.6947 vs 0.7364). However, the 2 modalities yielded no significant difference in diagnosing dental plaque on primary teeth (P > .05). Conclusions : The AI model showed clinically acceptable performance in detecting dental plaque on primary teeth compared with the experienced pediatric dentist. This finding illustrates the potential application in adopting such AI technology in helping children improve their oral health.
Health beliefs and barriers related to hiv prevention and screening among students of the university of vlora: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lalo Rezarta , Theodhosi Gjergji , Breshanaj Alberta 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Previous researchers have found that young university students can have a high level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), but they are still not utilizing the existing HIV prevention methods. There is therefore a need to determine which factors and barriers influence the use of existing HIV screening and prevention methods among students of the University of Vlora in Albania. This descriptive cross-sectional study included as a target population 710 students, randomly selected. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. A regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between variables. The results showed that 69% of the students felt ofended if their partner requested to use a condom. 78% of the students with sexual experience didn’t used Voluntary Counseling and Testing services. The fear of stigmatization was one of the barriers to VCT uptake (p<0.0001, OR=1.779). These data will be useful in designing and improving HIV/AIDS prevention programs in Albania. Key words: Barriers, Health beliefs, HIV/AIDS, Screening, Sexual Health, Student.