bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Solution for Organic Waste Management System with Design Thinking Approach (Case Study in Depok)
Authors: Rois M , Mubarak A , Suzianti A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Depok is part of the agglomeration area of Jabodetakbek (Jakarta Bogor Depok Tangerang Bekasi) which is classified as a metropolitan city. One of the problems that metropolitan cities faced including Depok is large volumes of organic waste that require special handling. Based on these problems, a special approach is needed to overcome the processing of organic waste in the city of Depok. The approach taken is expected to be able to see various perspectives from the parties involved in processing organic waste so that the alternative solutions can be created. This research uses design thinking, which consists of stages of empathise, define, ideate, prototype, and test. By using this approach, the impact on organic waste management can be more powerful.
PVA assisted ZnO based mesoporous ternary metal oxides nanomaterials: synthesis, optimization, and evaluation of antibacterial activity
Authors: Abebe Buzuayehu , Murthy H C Ananda , Zerefa Enyew , Adimasu Yeshaneh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) assisted highly mesoporous Zn-Fe-Mn oxides nanomaterials were synthesized using the sol-gel followed by the self-propagation techniques. The UV–vis spectroscopic technique was used to study the optical properties of the materials. The presence of metal-oxygen bond and deposited OH−/H2O species were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopic technique. The porous morphology and elemental analysis were confirmed by the SEM/EDX and further morphological and crystal structure studies were conducted using TEM/HRTEM techniques. The semi-crystallinity and composition analyses were verified from XRD patterns. Using the BET N2 adsorption-desorption analytical techniques; the porosity, specific surface area, and pore diameter enhancements were confirmed. The optima of PVA and precursors percentage were selected with the help of XRD, UV–Vis, and SEM techniques. The potential of the materials towards antibacterial activities was evaluated against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The 50(0.7) PVA assisted ternary metal oxide nanocomposite (PVA-TMONC) with 125 μg ml−1 concentration showed better inhibition zone for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, with a value of 28 and 29 mm in diameter, respectively.
Dielectric and piezoelectric augmentation in self-poled magnetic Fe3O4/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite nanogenerators
Authors: Bhattacharjee Souvik , Mondal Suvankar , Banerjee Anibrata , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
One major discipline of contemporary research in energy harvesting and conversion aims in developing lead-free, biocompatible, easily scalable, flexible and high power-denisty nanogenerators via utilizing poly(vinylidene fluoride) as an electroactive host-network due to its large breakdown strength, interesting polytype electrical order and thermoplastic nature. In this work, surface-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) of two different size having exotic electret and size-dependent magnetic properties are mixed with PVDF gel to fabricate self-poled composite piezoelectric films, which can obstruct electromagnetic interference also for smart device applications. A four-fold enhancement of its polar β-phase is verified from XRD and Raman spectra against incorporation of Fe3O4. Dielectric analysis suggests higher dielectric constant and lower dissipation for the films with tiny MNPs embedded in PVDF. The observations are duly validated from first principles studies. The physisorption process is recognized via geometrical optimization of Fe3O4/PVDF composite structure and significant amount of charge-transfer is demonstrated by the Mulliken charge-analysis. Open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current attain enhancement upto an order due to adequate ion-dipole and dipole-dipole interactions between the polar nanoscopic surface of Fe3O4 and PVDF. Finally, the nanogenerators are employed to light up commercial LEDs.
Complex field measurement in a single pixel hybrid correlation holography
Authors: Chen Ziyang , Singh Darshika , Singh Rakesh Kumar , Pu Jixiong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We propose a new scheme for the recovery of complex-valued objects in a single-pixel hybrid correlation holography. The idea is to generate an intensity correlation hologram from the correlation of intensity fluctuations obtained over two channels, namely an optical channel equipped with a single pixel detector and a digital channel. The scheme has a theoretical basis which is described to reconstruct the objects from a single pixel detector. An experimental arrangement is proposed and as a first step towards realizing/implementing the technique, simulation of the experimental model was carried to image three complex objects.
Highly non-linear ionization of atoms induced by intense high-harmonic pulses
Authors: Senfftleben B , Kretschmar M , Hoffmann A , Sauppe M , Tümmler J , Will I , Nagy T , Vrakking M J J , Rupp D , Schütte B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses enable the investigation of XUV-induced non-linear processes and are a prerequisite for the development of attosecond pump - attosecond probe experiments. While highly non-linear processes in the XUV range have been studied at free-electron lasers (FELs), high-harmonic generation (HHG) has allowed the investigation of low-order non-linear processes. Here we suggest a concept to optimize the HHG intensity, which surprisingly requires a scaling of the experimental parameters that differs substantially from optimizing the HHG pulse energy. As a result, we are able to study highly non-linear processes in the XUV range using a driving laser with a modest (≈ 10 mJ) pulse energy. We demonstrate our approach by ionizing Ar atoms up to Ar5 + , requiring the absorption of at least 10 XUV photons.
COVID-19 Autopsies, Oklahoma, USA
Authors: Barton Lisa M , Duval Eric J , Stroberg Edana , Ghosh Subha , Mukhopadhyay Sanjay 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To report the methods and findings of two complete autopsies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive individuals who died in Oklahoma (United States) in March 2020.

Methods
Complete postmortem examinations were performed according to standard procedures in a negative-pressure autopsy suite/isolation room using personal protective equipment, including N95 masks, eye protection, and gowns. The diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing on postmortem swabs.

Results
A 77-year-old obese man with a history of hypertension, splenectomy, and 6 days of fever and chills died while being transported for medical care. He tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on postmortem nasopharyngeal and lung parenchymal swabs. Autopsy revealed diffuse alveolar damage and chronic inflammation and edema in the bronchial mucosa. A 42-year-old obese man with a history of myotonic dystrophy developed abdominal pain followed by fever, shortness of breath, and cough. Postmortem nasopharyngeal swab was positive for SARS-CoV-2; lung parenchymal swabs were negative. Autopsy showed acute bronchopneumonia with evidence of aspiration. Neither autopsy revealed viral inclusions, mucus plugging in airways, eosinophils, or myocarditis.

Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 testing can be performed at autopsy. Autopsy findings such as diffuse alveolar damage and airway inflammation reflect true virus-related pathology; other findings represent superimposed or unrelated processes.
Putaminal diffusion tensor imaging measures predict disease severity across human prion diseases
Authors: Hyare Harpreet , De Vita Enrico , Porter Marie-Claire , Simpson Ivor , Ridgway Gerard , Lowe Jessica , Thompson Andrew , Carswell Chris , Ourselin Sebastien , Modat Marc , Dos Santos Canas Liane , Caine Diana , Fox Zoe , Rudge Peter , Collinge John , Mead Simon , Thornton John S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Therapeutic trials of disease-modifying agents in neurodegenerative disease typically require several hundred participants and long durations for clinical endpoints. Trials of this size are not feasible for prion diseases, rare dementia disorders associated with misfolding of prion protein. In this situation, biomarkers are particularly helpful. On diagnostic imaging, prion diseases demonstrate characteristic brain signal abnormalities on diffusion-weighted MRI. The aim of this study was to determine whether cerebral water diffusivity could be a quantitative imaging biomarker of disease severity. We hypothesized that the basal ganglia were most likely to demonstrate functionally relevant changes in diffusivity. Seventy-one subjects (37 patients and 34 controls) of whom 47 underwent serial scanning (23 patients and 24 controls) were recruited as part of the UK National Prion Monitoring Cohort. All patients underwent neurological assessment with the Medical Research Council Scale, a functionally orientated measure of prion disease severity, and diffusion tensor imaging. Voxel-based morphometry, voxel-based analysis of diffusion tensor imaging and regions of interest analyses were performed. A significant voxel-wise correlation of decreased Medical Research Council Scale score and decreased mean, radial and axial diffusivities in the putamen bilaterally was observed (P &lt; 0.01). Significant decrease in putamen mean, radial and axial diffusivities over time was observed for patients compared with controls (P = 0.01), and there was a significant correlation between monthly decrease in putamen mean, radial and axial diffusivities and monthly decrease in Medical Research Council Scale (P &lt; 0.001). Step-wise linear regression analysis, with dependent variable decline in Medical Research Council Scale, and covariates age and disease duration, showed the rate of decrease in putamen radial diffusivity to be the strongest predictor of rate of decrease in Medical Research Council Scale (P &lt; 0.001). Sample size calculations estimated that, for an intervention study, 83 randomized patients would be required to provide 80% power to detect a 75% amelioration of decline in putamen radial diffusivity. Putamen radial diffusivity has potential as a secondary outcome measure biomarker in future therapeutic trials in human prion diseases.
A Chinese Approach to International Commercial Dispute Resolution: The China International Commercial Court
Authors: Sun Xiangzhuang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article critically reviews the establishment and operation of the China International Commercial Court (CICC) from an insider’s perspective. It offers a detailed introduction to a few of the innovative measures of the CICC, including the International Commercial Expert Committee, the ‘one-stop’ forum for a dispute settlement mechanism integrating litigation, mediation, and arbitration, more convenient litigation procedures, and the use of advanced technology in dispute resolution. More importantly, it candidly discusses the challenges facing the CICC and makes several recommendations for its improvement towards more professionalism and internationalization.
The genetic map of diabetic nephropathy: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies
Authors: Tziastoudi Maria , Stefanidis Ioannis , Zintzaras Elias 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Despite the extensive efforts of scientists, the genetic background of diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not yet been clarified. To elucidate the genetic variants that predispose to the development of DN, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all available genetic association studies (GAS) of DN. We searched in the Human Genome Epidemiology Navigator (HuGE Navigator) and PubMed for available GAS of DN. The threshold for meta-analysis was three studies per genetic variant. The association between genotype distribution and DN was examined using the generalized linear odds ratio (ORG). For variants with available allele frequencies, the examined model was the allele contrast. The pooled OR was estimated using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects model. The publication bias was assessed with Egger’s test. We performed pathway analysis of significant genes with DAVID 6.7. Genetic data of 606 variants located in 228 genes were retrieved from 360 GASs and were synthesized with meta-analytic methods. ACACB, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), ADIPOQ, AGT, AGTR1, AKR1B1, APOC1, APOE, ATP1B2, ATP2A3, CARS, CCR5, CGNL1, Carnosine dipeptidase 1 (CNDP1), CYGB-PRCD, EDN1, Engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1), ENPP1, EPO, FLT4, FTO, GLO1, HMGA2, IGF2/INS/TH cluster, interleukin 1B (IL1B), IL8, IL10, KCNQ1, KNG, LOC101927627, Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), SET domain containing seven, histone lysine methyltransferase (SETD7), Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), SLC2A1, SLC2A2, SLC12A3, SLC19A3, TCF7L2, TGFB1, TIMP1, TTC39C, UNC13B, VEGFA, WTAPP1, WWC1 as well as XYLT1 and three intergenic polymorphisms showed significant association with DN. Pathway analysis revealed the overrepresentation of six signalling pathways. The significant findings provide further evidence for genetic factors implication in DN offering new perspectives in discovery of new therapies.
Percutaneous or surgical revascularization is associated with survival benefit in stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Miller Robert J H , Bonow Robert O , Gransar Heidi , Park Rebekah , Slomka Piotr J , Friedman John D , Hayes Sean , Thomson Louise , Tamarappoo Balaji , Rozanski Alan , Doenst Torsten , Berman Daniel S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Aims
We assessed the association between early invasive therapy, burden of ischaemia, and survival benefit separately for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Ischaemia involving more than 10% of the left ventricular myocardium may identify patients who benefit from revascularization. However, it is not clear whether this association exists with both PCI and CABG.

Materials and results
Patients who underwent single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) between 1992 and 2012 were identified. Early revascularization was defined as PCI or CABG performed within 90 days of SPECT MPI. The association between early PCI or CABG and all-cause mortality was assessed using a doubly robust, propensity score matching analysis. In total, 54 522 patients were identified, with median follow-up 8.0 years. Early PCI was performed in 2688 patients and early CABG in 1228. In the matched cohorts, early revascularization was associated with improved survival compared to medical therapy in patients with more than 15% ischaemia for both PCI [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.70, P = 0.002] and CABG (adjusted HR 0.73, P = 0.008).

Conclusion
In this observational analysis, both PCI and CABG were associated with reduced all-cause mortality in the presence of moderate to severe ischaemia after adjusting for factors leading to revascularization. As the threshold for improved outcomes with revascularization was similar for PCI and CABG, our results suggest that decisions for PCI vs. CABG for early revascularization should be determined by coronary anatomy, patient characteristics, and shared decision making, but not by the burden of ischaemia.
Maternal education and offspring birth weight for gestational age: the mediating effect of smoking during pregnancy
Authors: Nakamura Aurélie , Pryor Laura , Ballon Morgane , Lioret Sandrine , Heude Barbara , Charles Marie-Aline , Melchior Maria , El-Khoury Lesueur Fabienne 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Small for gestational age (SGA) birth weight, a risk factor for infant mortality and delayed child development, is associated with maternal educational attainment. Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy could contribute to this association. We aimed to quantify the contribution of maternal smoking during pregnancy to social inequalities in child birth weight for gestational age (GA).

Methods
Data come from the French nation-wide ELFE cohort study, which included 17 155 singletons. Birth weights for GA were calculated using z-scores. Associations between maternal educational attainment, tobacco smoking during pregnancy and child birth weight for GA were ascertained using mediation analysis. Mediation analyses were also stratified by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index.

Results
Low maternal educational attainment was associated with an increased odd of tobacco smoking during pregnancy [adjusted OR (ORa) = 2.58 (95% CI 2.34–2.84)] as well as a decrease in child birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.98)]. Tobacco smoking during pregnancy was associated with a decrease in offspring birth weight for GA [RRa = 0.73 (95% CI 0.70–0.76)]. Mediation analysis suggests that 39% of the effect of low maternal educational attainment on offspring birth weight for GA was mediated by smoking during pregnancy. A more important direct effect of maternal educational attainment on child birth weight for GA was observed among underweight women [RRa = 0.82 (95% CI 0.72–0.93)].

Conclusions
The relationship between maternal educational attainment and child birth weight for GA is strongly mediated by smoking during pregnancy. Reducing maternal smoking could lessen the occurrence of infant SGA and decrease socioeconomic inequalities in birth weight for GA.
Computation of Quantum Cohomology From Fukaya Categories
Authors: Sanda Fumihiko 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Assume the existence of a Fukaya category $\textrm{Fuk}(X)$ of a compact symplectic manifold $X$ with some expected properties. In this paper, we show $\mathscr{A} \subset \textrm{Fuk}(X)$ split generates a summand $\textrm{Fuk}(X)_e \subset \textrm{Fuk}(X)$ corresponding to an idempotent $e \in QH^{\bullet }(X)$ if the Mukai pairing of $\mathscr{A}$ is perfect. Moreover, we show $HH^{\bullet }(\mathscr{A}) \cong QH^{\bullet }(X) e$. As an application, we compute the quantum cohomology and the Fukaya category of a blow-up of $\mathbb{C} P^2$ at four points with a monotone symplectic structure.
The prevalence and characteristics of rapid response systems in hospitals with pediatric intensive care units in Japan and barriers to their use
Authors: Haga Taiki , Kurosawa Hiroshi , Maruyama Junji , Sakamoto Katsuko , Ikebe Ryo , Tokuhira Natsuko , Takeuchi Muneyuki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective
The use of pediatric rapid response systems (RRSs) to improve the safety of hospitalized children has spread in various western countries including the United States and the United Kingdom. We aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of pediatric RRSs and barriers to use in Japan, where epidemiological information is limited.

Design
A cross-sectional online survey.

Setting
All 34 hospitals in Japan with pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in 2019.

Participants
One PICU physician per hospital responded to the questionnaire as a delegate.

Main outcome measures
Prevalence of pediatric RRSs in Japan and barriers to their use.

Results
The survey response rate was 100%. Pediatric RRSs had been introduced in 14 (41.2%) institutions, and response teams comprised a median of 6 core members. Most response teams employed no full-time members and largely comprised members from multiple disciplines and departments who served in addition to their main duties. Of 20 institutions without pediatric RRSs, 11 (55%) hoped to introduce them, 14 (70%) had insufficient knowledge concerning them and 11 (55%) considered that their introduction might be difficult. The main barrier to adopting RRSs was a perceived personnel and/or funding shortage. There was no significant difference in hospital beds (mean, 472 vs. 524, P = 0.86) and PICU beds (mean, 10 vs. 8, P = 0.34) between institutions with/without pediatric RRSs.

Conclusions
Fewer than half of Japanese institutions with PICUs had pediatric RRSs. Operating methods for and obstructions to RRSs were diverse. Our findings may help to popularize pediatric RRSs.
Dissipation, Processing, Leaching, and Safety Evaluation of Flonicamid and Its Metabolites in Tea
Authors: Yang Ya , Liu Xiangwu , Zhang Qingtao , Chen Ya , Zhang Sumei , Lu Ping , Hu Deyu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Tea is a popular traditional non-alcoholic beverage worldwide. Flonicamid is a selective systemic pyridine carboxamide insecticide that is widely used for controlling tea leafhopper in tea.

Objective
The leaching rates, dissipation dynamics, and residue levels of flonicamid and its metabolites in tea leaves during processing and transferring were investigated to validate the safe risk in tea and transfer behavior using high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with a convenient pretreatment method.

Method
The extracting method and immersion rate experiments were optimized by single factor analysis and orthogonal tests. The acetonitrile extracting solvent with 0.5% formic acid was used and optimal leaching conditions were obtained with a regime of 15 min immersion time, 100°C temperature, three immersions and a tea-to-water ratio of 1:50.

Results
Average recoveries in processed green tea and infusions were 80.85–98.75% with relative standard deviations &lt;5.87%. LODs and LOQs of flonicamid, 4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid (TFNA), N-(4-trifluoromethylnicotinoyl) glycine (TFNG), and 4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide (TFNA-AM) were 0.0013–0.350 and 0.004–1 μg/g, respectively. The processing factor of flonicamid was 0.36–5.52 during green tea manufacture. The leaching rates were 22.9-97.4% from processed tea to infusion.

Conclusions
The risk of long-term and short-term dietary intake of flonicamid was safe in tea infusions with the risk quotient (RQ) values &lt;1 for the Chinese consumer. This work may provide guidance for safe and reasonable consumption of flonicamid in tea in China.

Highlights
The suitable leaching factors of flonicamid and its metabolites in tea infusions were optimized by orthogonal experimentation for the first time.
The Benefits of PSM: An Oasis or a Mirage?
Authors: Awan Sahar , Bel Germà , Esteve Marc 
Published: April 2020

AbstractScholarly interest in public service motivation (PSM) has yielded a vast amount of research, exploring its potential for benefitting public-sector organizations through increased employee job satisfaction, enhanced individual performance, employee retention, and enhanced organizational commitment and citizenship behavior. However, a closer inspection of the literature reveals mixed empirical evidence for each impact of PSM. The present study carries out a meta-analysis of five key impacts of PSM to explain the divergence of results in the existing literature. We find evidence of the existence of a true effect for PSM over all the dependent variables, except for turnover intentions. In addition, we find a possible explanation for the mixed empirical evidence found in previous studies. We demonstrate that individual and organizational benefits of PSM are not accrued equally in all public sector workplaces and that the contextual variables legal origin and endemic countrywide corruption influence the extent to which PSM can produce positive outcomes in the workplace.