bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ENJEUX DE LA CONSTRUCTION IDENTITAIRE DE JEUNES DE PARENTS MIGRANTS - L’EXEMPLE DES JEUNES FEMMES D’ORIGINE MAGHRÉBINE
Authors: Skandrani1 Sara , El Husseini Mayssa , Moro Marie-Rose 
Published: December 2019

Les problématiques identitaires auxquelles sont confrontées tous les adolescents et jeunes adultes peuvent être particulièrement mises sous tensions en contexte transculturel. L’objectif de cette recherche qualitative est d’étudier la construction identitaire de jeunes femmes nées en France et dont les deux parents ont migré du Maghreb. À cette fin, des entretiens semi-directifs sont menés avec 20 sujets (âge : 17-25 ans), retranscrits, puis analysés avec l’Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis(Smith, 2008). Les résultats révèlent trois thématiques majeures de la construction identitaire dans cette population : la pratique de l’Islam, la normé d’endogamie, la norme de virginité. Ces normes et pratiques culturelles représentent des marqueurs symboliques de l’identité, permettant une inscription filiative et affiliative. Ces enjeux identitaires s’inscrivent dans les relations historiques - passées et actuelles - entre populations maghrébines et société française.
Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation in a Nigerian Distribution Network Using Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Abiola Adepoju Gafari , Adeleke Salimon Sunday , Adedapo Aderinko Hassan , Olawale Bisiriyu Akeem 
Published: December 2019

The optimal placement and sizing of Distributed Generation (DG) using has been shown by researchers to be effective in the reduction of power losses and improvement of voltage profile on a radial distribution network. However, it has not been applied to solve the inherent problems of real Nigerian distribution network. Therefore, this paper aimed at optimal placement and sizing of DG using Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) in a real Nigerian distribution network taking Ayepe 34-bus as a case study.
The objective function was formulated considering the real power loss, the minimum Voltage Stability Index (VSI) and the reactive power loss using weight method. The formulated objective function was incorporated into the CSA. Power flow analyses were performed with line and load data of Ayepe 34-bus distribution network without the incorporation of DG for the base case, with incorporation of single DG and two DG units.
The total active power loss, minimum VSI and total reactive power loss for the base case were 0.762 MW, 0.4741, 0.146 MVar respectively. The optimal size and bus location after single DG installation were found to be (3.5 MW, 11) respectively while the optimal size and location for the two-DG units’ installation were found to be (2.4 MW, 13; 1.4 MW, 21), respectively. With single DG unit, the total active power loss, minimum VSI and total reactive power loss were 0.141 MW, 0.9064 and 0.027 MVar respectively. For two-DG units, the total active power loss, minimum VSI and total reactive power loss 0.131 MW, 0.9287 and 0.025 MVar respectively.
The results established the effectiveness of the optimal placement and sizing of DG for the Nigerian distribution system in terms of reduction of power losses, improvement of voltage stability index and profile using CSA technique.
Achievement Motivation as Predictor of Academic Achievement of Senior Secondary School Student in Mathematics Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Stella Erhuvwu Okotie , Adeyemi Florence T. 
Published: December 2019

The study examined the achievement motivation as predictor of academic achievement among Senior Secondary School II students in Edo State, Nigeria. The sample of the study consisted of 698 students who were randomly sampled from the population of 27,937 students in pubic secondary school II students in Edo Sate. The sample size was 2.5% of the entire population, which was drawn, using the multi-stage sampling technique. There are eighteen Local Government Areas in Edo State, divided into three (3) senatorial districts - Edo North (5 local Government Areas); Edo Central (6 Local Government Areas); Edo South (7 Local Government Areas). Both independent and dependent variables were measured with relevant standardized instruments. To guide the study, three (3) research questions were raised and a null hypothesis was formulated. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson r correlation coefficient and Stepwise multiple regression statistical techniques. The results showed that achievement motivation predicted students’ academic achievement in Mathematic. On the basis of the findings, it was recommended that achievement motivation should b e enhanced using appropriate psychometric strategies.
Bacteriocin ASM1 is an O/S‐diglycosylated, plasmid‐encoded homologue of glycocin F
Authors: Main Patrick , Hata Tomomi , Loo Trevor S. , Man Petr , Novak Petr , Havlíček Vladimír , Norris Gillian E. , Patchett Mark L. 
Published: December 2019

Here, we report on the biochemical characterization of a new glycosylated bacteriocin (glycocin), ASM1, produced by Lactobacillus plantarum A‐1 and analysis of the A‐1 bacteriocinogenic genes. ASM1 is 43 amino acids in length with Ser18‐O‐ and Cys43‐S‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine moieties that are essential for its inhibitory activity. Its only close homologue, glycocin F (GccF), has five amino acid substitutions all residing in the flexible C‐terminal ‘tail’ and a lower IC50 (0.9 nm) compared to that of ASM1 (1.5 nm). Asm/gcc genes share the same organization (asmH← →asmABCDE→F), and the asm genes reside on an 11 905‐bp plasmid dedicated to ASM1 production. The A‐1 genome also harbors a gene encoding a ‘rare’ bactofencin‐type bacteriocin. As more examples of prokaryote S‐GlcNAcylation are discovered, the functions of this modification may be understood.
High‐resolution metabolomic profiling of Alzheimer’s disease in plasma
Authors: Niedzwiecki Megan M. , Walker Douglas I. , Howell Jennifer Christina , Watts Kelly D. , Jones Dean P. , Miller Gary W. , Hu William T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder with contributions from genetic and environmental factors. High‐resolution metabolomics (HRM) has the potential to identify novel endogenous and environmental factors involved in AD. Previous metabolomics studies have identified circulating metabolites linked to AD, but lack of replication and inconsistent diagnostic algorithms have hindered the generalizability of these findings. Here we applied HRM to identify plasma metabolic and environmental factors associated with AD in two study samples, with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD incorporated to achieve high diagnostic accuracy.MethodsLiquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS)‐based HRM was used to identify plasma and CSF metabolites associated with AD diagnosis and CSF AD biomarkers in two studies of prevalent AD (Study 1: 43 AD cases, 45 mild cognitive impairment [MCI] cases, 41 controls; Study 2: 50 AD cases, 18 controls). AD‐associated metabolites were identified using a metabolome‐wide association study (MWAS) framework.ResultsAn MWAS meta‐analysis identified three non‐medication AD‐associated metabolites in plasma, including elevated levels of glutamine and an unknown halogenated compound and lower levels of piperine, a dietary alkaloid. The non‐medication metabolites were correlated with CSF AD biomarkers, and glutamine and the unknown halogenated compound were also detected in CSF. Furthermore, in Study 1, the unknown compound and piperine were altered in MCI patients in the same direction as AD dementia.ConclusionsIn plasma, AD was reproducibly associated with elevated levels of glutamine and a halogen‐containing compound and reduced levels of piperine. These findings provide further evidence that exposures and behavior may modify AD risks.
The Secretome of Hypoxia Conditioned hMSC Loaded in a Central Depot Induces Chemotaxis and Angiogenesis in a Biomimetic Mineralized Collagen Bone Replacement Material
Authors: Quade Mandy , Münch Pina , Lode Anja , Duin Sarah , Vater Corina , Gabrielyan Anastasia , Rösen‐Wolff Angela , Gelinsky Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe development of biomaterials with intrinsic potential to stimulate endogenous tissue regeneration at the site of injury is a main demand on future implants in regenerative medicine. For critical‐sized bone defects, an in situ tissue engineering concept is devised based on biomimetic mineralized collagen scaffolds. These scaffolds are functionalized with a central depot loaded with a signaling factor cocktail, obtained from secretome of hypoxia‐conditioned human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Therefore, hypoxia‐conditioned medium (HCM)‐production is standardized and adapted to achieve high signaling factor‐yields; a concentration protocol based on dialysis and freeze‐drying is established to enable the integration of sufficient and defined amounts into the depot. In humid milieu—as after implantation—signaling factors are released by forming a chemotactic gradient, inducing a directed migration of human bone marrow stroma cells (hBMSC) into the scaffold. Angiogenic potential, determined by coculturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with osteogenically induced hBMSC shows prevascular structures, which sprout throughout the interconnected pores in a HCM‐concentration‐dependent manner. Retarded release by alginate‐based (1 vol%) depots, significantly improves sprouting‐depth and morphology of tubular structures. With the intrinsic potential to supply attracted cells with oxygen and nutrients, this bioactive material system has great potential for clinical translation.
Modified Engineering of Graphene Nanoribbons Prepared via On‐Surface Synthesis
Authors: Zhou Xiahong , Yu Gui 
Published: December 2019

Abstract1D graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have a bright future in the fabrication of next‐generation nanodevices because of their nontrivial electronic properties and tunable bandgaps. To promote the application of GNRs, preparation strategies of miscellaneous GNRs have to be developed. The GNRs prepared by top‐down approaches are accompanied by uncontrolled edges and structures. In order to overcome the difficulties, bottom‐up methods are widely used in the growth of various GNRs due to controllability of GNRs' features. Among those bottom‐up methods, the on‐surface synthesis is a promising approach to prepare GNRs with distinct widths, edge/backbone structures, and so forth. Therefore, modified engineering of the GNRs prepared via on‐surface synthesis is of great significance in controllable preparation of GNRs and their potential applications. In the past decade, there have been a lot of reports on controllable preparation of GNRs using on‐surface synthesis approach. Herein, the advances of GNRs grown via on‐surface growth strategy are described. Several growth parameters, the latest advances in the modification of the GNR structure and width, the GNR doping/co‐doping with heteroatoms, a variety of GNR heterojunctions, and the device application of GNRs are reviewed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges are discussed.
Engineered Cell‐Derived Microparticles Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs for Imaging Guided Synergistic Photothermal/Low‐Dose Chemotherapy of Cancer
Authors: Wang Dongdong , Yao Yuzhu , He Junkai , Zhong Xiaoyan , Li Basen , Rao Shiyu , Yu Haiting , He Shuaicheng , Feng Xiaoyu , Xu Tuo , Yang Bin , Yong Tuying , Gan Lu , Hu Jun , Yang Xiangliang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCell‐derived microparticles, which are recognized as nanosized phospholipid bilayer membrane vesicles, have exhibited great potential to serve as drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. However, for the purpose of comprehensive therapy, microparticles decorated with multiple therapeutic components are needed, but effective engineering strategies are limited and still remain enormous challenges. Herein, Bi2Se3 nanodots and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) co‐embedded tumor cell‐derived microparticles (Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs) are successfully constructed through ultraviolet light irradiation‐induced budding of parent cells which are preloaded with Bi2Se3 nanodots and DOX via electroporation. The multifunctional microparticles are obtained with high controllability and drug‐loading capacity without unfavorable membrane surface destruction, maintaining their excellent intrinsic biological behaviors. Through membrane fusion cellular internalization, Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs show enhanced cellular internalization and deepened tumor penetration, resulting in extreme cell damage in vitro without considering endosomal escape. Because of their distinguished photothermal performance and tumor homing target capability, Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs exhibit admirable dual‐modal imaging capacity and outstanding tumor suppression effect. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, intravenous injection of Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs into H22 tumor‐bearing mice results in remarkably synergistic antitumor efficacy by combining photothermal therapy with low‐dose chemotherapy in vivo. Furthermore, the negligible hemolytic activity, considerable metabolizability, and low systemic toxicity of Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs imply their distinguished biocompatibility and great potential for tumor theranostics.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Cyclobutenes by Catalytic Conjugate Addition/Trapping Strategies
Authors: Zhong Changxu , Huang Yingchao , Zhang Haocheng , Zhou Qiang , Liu Yu , Lu Ping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed tandem process to generate chiral cyclobutene derivatives has been developed. It is based on an enantioselective conjugate addition or reduction of a cyclobutenone and sequential trapping with a chlorophosphate in a one‐pot process. These phosphates are stable under mildly acidic conditions and serve as good electrophiles in Negishi coupling reactions.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Inter‐ and Intramolecular Aryl Thioether Metathesis by Reversible Arylation
Authors: Delcaillau Tristan , Bismuto Alessandro , Lian Zhong , Morandi Bill 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA nickel‐catalyzed aryl thioether metathesis has been developed to access high‐value thioethers. 1,2‐Bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane (dcype) is essential to promote this highly functional‐group‐tolerant reaction. Furthermore, synthetically challenging macrocycles could be obtained in good yield in an unusual example of ring‐closing metathesis that does not involve alkene bonds. In‐depth organometallic studies support a reversible Ni0/NiII pathway to product formation. Overall, this work not only provides a more sustainable alternative to previous catalytic systems based on Pd, but also presents new applications and mechanistic information that are highly relevant to the further development and application of unusual single‐bond metathesis reactions.
A Molecular Thermochromic Ferroelectric
Authors: Liu Jun‐Chao , Liao Wei‐Qiang , Li Peng‐Fei , Tang Yuan‐Yuan , Chen Xiao‐Gang , Song Xian‐Jiang , Zhang Han‐Yue , Zhang Yi , You Yu‐Meng , Xiong Ren‐Gen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMolecular ferroelectrics have attracted considerable interests because of their easy and environmentally friendly processing, low acoustical impedance and mechanical flexibility. Herein, a molecular thermochromic ferroelectric, N,N′‐dimethyl‐1,4‐diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octonium tetrachlorocuprate(II) ([DMe‐DABCO]CuCl4) is reported, which shows both excellent ferroelectricity and intriguing thermochromism. [DMe‐DABCO]CuCl4 undergoes a ferroelectric phase transition from Pca21 to Pbcm at a significantly high Curie temperature of 413 K, accompanied by a color change from yellow to red that is due to the remarkable deformation of [CuCl4]2− tetrahedron, where the ferroelectric and paraelectric phases correspond to yellow and red, respectively. Combined with multiple bistable physical properties, [DMe‐DABCO]CuCl4 would be a promising candidate for next‐generation smart devices, and should inspire further exploration of multifunctional molecular ferroelectrics.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis and Absolute Configuration Assignment of (+)‐Tronocarpine Enabled by an Asymmetric Michael/Aldol Reaction
Authors: Tan Dong‐Xing , Zhou Jie , Liu Chao‐You , Han Fu‐She 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe present the first asymmetric total synthesis and absolute configuration determination of (+)‐tronocarpine. The [6.5.7.6.6] pentacyclic core was constructed at an early stage by using a sequential cyclization strategy through a newly developed catalytic asymmetric Michael/aldol cascade to build the aza[3.3.1]‐bridged cycle and a tandem reduction/hemiamidation procedure to assemble the seven‐membered lactam. The side‐chain functionalities were incorporated at a late stage by several appropriately orchestrated manipulations under mild conditions. The synthesis of enantiomerically pure (+)‐tronocarpine was achieved through a 20‐step longest linear sequence from tryptamine.
Improved Stability and Photodynamic Activity of Water‐Soluble 5,15‐Diazaporphyrins Incorporated in β‐(1,3‐1,6)‐d‐Glucan with On‐Off Switch
Authors: Hino Shodai , Satake Shuhei , Shinmori Hideyuki , Kawabata Shigeki , Koumoto Kazuya , Suzuki Toshio , Nagasaki Takeshi , Sugikawa Kouta , Kawasaki Riku , Ikeda Atsushi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract5,15‐Diazaporphyrins, which have a large absorption at wavelengths over 600 nm, were dissolved in water by complex formation with β‐(1,3‐1,6)‐d‐glucans. Aqueous solutions of these complexes were relatively stable compared with their trimethyl‐β‐cyclodextrin‐complexed analogues. β‐Glucan‐complexed diazaporphyrins showed quenched fluorescence and had low singlet‐oxygen‐generation abilities owing to random self‐aggregation. However, external stimuli, such as the presence of liposomes or intracellular uptake, restored the fluorescence and singlet‐oxygen‐generation abilities of β‐glucan‐complexed diazaporphyrins. Consequently, β‐glucan‐complexed diazaporphyrins showed very high photodynamic activities toward HeLa cells.
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der LIBS‐Analyse für Stahlbeton
Authors: Kapteina Gesa , Langer Christoph , Illguth Marcus 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIst ein Stahlbetonbauteil instand zu setzen, so ist die Grundlage für eine sachgerechte Instandsetzungsplanung die Klärung der Schadensursache und des ‐umfangs. Wurde der festgestellte Schaden durch eingedrungene Substanzen hervorgerufen, werden am Bauwerk i. d. R. Proben entnommen und im Labor nasschemisch untersucht. Dabei hängt die örtliche Auflösegenauigkeit direkt vom Beprobungs‐ und Analyseaufwand ab. Durch die sog. LIBS‐Analyse ist es möglich, vergleichsweise schnell die Elementverteilung an einer Messfläche von Probekörpern zu ermitteln und diese Informationen anschaulich darzustellen. Die hoch aufgelösten grafischen Auswertungen unterstützen die Darstellung ggf. komplexerer Sachverhalte, sodass diese auch für fachfremde Beteiligte wie Eigentümer/Auftraggeber leichter nachvollziehbar werden. Dies kann bei notwendigen, ggf. kostenintensiven Instandsetzungsmaßnahmen zur Verdeutlichung der Relevanz hilfreich sein. Auch im Rahmen der Forschung kann die Kombination einer hohen Informationsdichte in Verbindung mit der schnellen Messmethode und einem geringen Präparationsaufwand der Probe hilfreich sein, um den heterogenen Baustoff Beton abzubilden und den darin stattfindenden Ionentransport genauer nachzuvollziehen.
Autoimmune musicogenic epilepsy associated with anti‐glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and Stiff‐person syndrome
Authors: Jesus‐Ribeiro Joana , Bozorgi Alireza , Alkhaldi Modhi , Shaqfeh Mahmoud , Fernandez‐Baca Vaca Guadalupe , Katirji Bashar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEpilepsy should be suspected in patients with Stiff‐person syndrome and new onset paroxysmal episodes. Musicogenic epilepsy may be a manifestation of anti‐GAD‐Ab spectrum, supporting an autoimmune workup in these patients. Appropriate treatment is not well established, and immunotherapy should be considered in patients with only partial response to antiepileptic drugs.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Cyclization of 2‐Aminoanilines with Isonitriles: Facile Access to 2‐Aminobenzimidazoles
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Morgan Sarah , Hoover Jessica M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA ligand‐ and additive‐free aerobic cobalt‐catalyzed synthesis of 2‐aminobenzimidazoles from 2‐aminoanilines was developed. A variety of aminoanilines and isonitriles undergo efficient coupling to furnish substituted 2‐aminobenzimidazoles in moderate to excellent yields. This protocol enables efficient access to the unsubstituted 2‐aminobenzimidazoles.
Exploiting Ternary Solubility Phase Diagrams for Resolution of Enantiomers: An Instructive Example
Authors: Cascella Francesca , Seidel-Morgenstern Andreas , Lorenz Heike 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTernary phase diagrams are essential research tools in several scientific fields. They provide fundamental understanding and guidance in designing separation experiments. While their utility and relevance is undisputed in the chemical and chemical engineering community, yet much progress remains to be done in understanding and exploiting ternary phase diagrams for crystallization‐based chiral separation purposes. A guide in the interpretation of the ternary solubility phase diagram of a chiral molecule to design the separation of its enantiomers is provided. On the basis of the discussion of fundamental relationships in the phase diagram, basic enantioseparation experiments are performed forD‐/L‐methionine in water exploiting the characteristic shift of the eutectic composition in the chiral system. The rational approach followed in separation process design is described together with the experimental procedures applied and the results obtained.
Processing of fiber‐reinforced ultra‐high temperature ceramic composites: A review
Authors: Rueschhoff Lisa M. , Carney Carmen M. , Apostolov Zlatomir D. , Cinibulk Michael K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUltra‐high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) have emerged as promising materials for high‐temperature aerospace applications due to their high melting temperature and superior ablation performance. Even still, they have yet to reach their full potential due to the catastrophic brittle failure that typically accompanies the intrinsic low fracture toughness of ceramic materials. Therefore, the emerging field of UHTC ceramic matrix composites (UHTCMCs) offers the toughness benefits of a composite with the high temperature stability of UHTCs. Here, we outline work in the last decade on the processing of UHTCs with a reinforcing fiber phase for enhanced fracture toughness. Included are fibers of both carbon and silicon carbide composition in both continuous and chopped fiber lengths. Particular emphasis is given to emerging research from the last few years to highlight novel developments.