bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The γ-ray sky seen at X-ray energies
Authors: Marchesini E. J. , Paggi A. , Massaro F. , Masetti N. , D’Abrusco R. , Andruchow I. 
Published: May 2020

Context. Nearly 50% of all sources detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope are classified as blazars or blazar candidates, one of the most elusive classes of active galaxies. Additional blazars can also be hidden within the sample of unidentified or unassociated γ-ray sources (UGSs) that constitute about one-third of all gamma-ray sources detected to date. We recently confirmed that the large majority of Fermi blazars of the BL Lac subclass have an X-ray counterpart.
Aims. Using the X-ray properties of a BL Lac training set and combining these with archival multifrequency information, we aim to search for UGSs that could have a BL Lac source within their γ-ray positional uncertainty regions.
Methods. We reduced and analyzed the Swift X-ray observations of a selected sample of 327 UGSs. We then compared the X-ray fluxes and hardness ratios of all sources detected in the pointed fields with those of known Fermi BL Lacs.
Results. We find at least one X-ray source, lying within the γ-ray positional uncertainty at 95% confidence level, for 223 UGSs and a total of 464 X-ray sources in all fields analyzed. The X-ray properties of a large fraction of them, eventually combined with radio, infrared, and optical information, exhibit BL Lac multi-frequency behavior, thus allowing us to select high-confidence BL Lac candidates; some of them were recently observed during our optical spectroscopic campaign which confirmed their nature.
Conclusions. We find that out of 50 X-ray sources that were confirmed as BL Lacs through optical spectroscopy, 12 do not show canonical mid-infrared or radio BL Lac properties. This indicates that the selection of X-ray BL Lac candidates is a strong method to find new counterparts within Fermi UGSs. Finally, we pinpoint a sample of 32 Swift/XRT candidate counterparts to Fermi UGSs that are most likely BL Lac objects.
Detecting axisymmetric magnetic fields using gravity modes in intermediate-mass stars
Authors: Van Beeck J. , Prat V. , Van Reeth T. , Mathis S. , Bowman D. M. , Neiner C. , Aerts C. 
Published: May 2020

Context.Angular momentum (AM) transport models of stellar interiors require improvements to explain the strong extraction of AM from stellar cores that is observed with asteroseismology. One of the frequently invoked mediators of AM transport are internal magnetic fields, even though their properties, observational signatures, and influence on stellar evolution are largely unknown.Aims.We study how a fossil, axisymmetric internal magnetic field affects period spacing patterns of dipolar gravity mode oscillations in main sequence stars with masses of 1.3, 2.0, and 3.0 M⊙. We assess the influence of fundamental stellar parameters on the magnitude of pulsation mode frequency shifts.Methods.We computed dipolar gravity mode frequency shifts due to a fossil, axisymmetric poloidal–toroidal internal magnetic field for a grid of stellar evolution models, varying stellar fundamental parameters. Rigid rotation was taken into account using the traditional approximation of rotation, and the influence of the magnetic field was computed using a perturbative approach.Results.We find magnetic signatures for dipolar gravity mode oscillations in terminal-age main sequence stars that are measurable for a near-core field strength larger than 105G. The predicted signatures differ appreciably from those due to rotation.Conclusions.Our formalism demonstrates the potential for the future detection and characterization of strong fossil, axisymmetric internal magnetic fields in gravity-mode pulsators near the end of core-hydrogen burning fromKeplerphotometry, if such fields exist.
X-raying winds in distant quasars: The first high-redshift wind duty cycle
Authors: Bertola E. , Dadina M. , Cappi M. , Vignali C. , Chartas G. , De Marco B. , Lanzuisi G. , Giustini M. , Torresi E. 
Published: May 2020

Aims. Theoretical models of wind-driven feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) often identify ultra-fast outflows as being the main agent in the generation of galaxy-sized outflows, which are possibly the main actors in establishing so-called AGN-galaxy co-evolution. Ultra-fast outflows are well characterized in local AGN but much less is known in quasars at the cosmic time when star formation and AGN activity peaked (z ≃ 1–3). It is therefore necessary to search for evidence of ultra-fast outflows in high-z sources to test wind-driven AGN feedback models.
Methods. Here we present a study of Q2237+030, the Einstein Cross, a quadruply-imaged radio-quiet lensed quasar located at z = 1.695. We performed a systematic and comprehensive temporally and spatially resolved X-ray spectral analysis of all the available Chandra and XMM-Newton data (as of September 2019).
Results. We find clear evidence for spectral variability, possibly due to absorption column density (or covering fraction) variability intrinsic to the source. For the first time in this quasar, we detect a fast X-ray wind outflowing at vout ≃ 0.1c that would be powerful enough (Ėkin ≃ 0.1 Lbol) to significantly affect the evolution of the host galaxy. We report also on the possible presence of an even faster component of the wind (vout ∼ 0.5c). For the first time in a high-z quasar, given the large sample and long time interval spanned by the analyzed X-ray data, we are able to roughly estimate the wind duty cycle as ≃0.46 (0.31) at 90% (95%) confidence level. Finally, we also confirm the presence of a Fe Kα emission line with variable energy, which we discuss in the light of microlensing effects as well as considering our findings on the source.
Human toxocariasis and atopy
Authors: Magnaval Jean-François , Fillaux Judith , Cassaing Sophie , Valentin Alexis , Iriart Xavier , Berry Antoine 
Published: May 2020

To assess the possible influence of atopy on the clinical picture of human toxocariasis, a retrospective study was carried out using file records for patients who attended the Outpatient Clinic of Parasitology in Toulouse University Hospitals. A total of 106 file records for patients who had been diagnosed with common/covert toxocariasis were extracted from the database. Forty-nine patients (20 females and 29 males) were considered atopic since they exhibited a long (≥ 1 year) history of various allergic issues along with a titer ≥ 0.7 kIU/L for specific IgE against at least two out of nine mixes of common inhalant allergens. Fifty-seven patients (42 females and 15 males) were designated nonatopic on the basis of a negative result (<0.35 kIU/L) of the test for specific IgE. Demographic (age and sex), clinical (20 signs or symptoms) and laboratory (blood eosinophil count, eosinophil cationic protein, serum total IgE, and specific anti-ToxocaraIgE) variables were investigated by bivariate analysis followed by multivariate regression analysis using “atopy” as the outcome variable. On the basis of our results, the clinical or laboratory picture of toxocaral disease was not affected by the presence of an atopic status.
Improving treatment outcomes for Graves’ disease patients with inactive forms of Graves’ orbitopathy through an increased dose of radioiodine therapy
Authors: Gosmann Janika , Willms Diana , Bell Eberhard , Schreckenberger Mathias , Willms Arnulf 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction While surgical treatment is preferred for Graves’ disease with active forms of GO, there are various concepts for treating inactive forms of GO. The goal of radioiodine therapy is to resolve immunogenic hyperthyroidism by damaging the thyroid cells.The effects of the radioiodine dose on an associated inactive GO remain unclear, however.
Methodology We conducted a retrospective analysis of 536 patients who received first-time radioiodine therapy to treat Graves’ hyperthyroidism. Patients without GO always received 200 Gy of iodine-131. Before the introduction of a differentiated treatment concept, patients with GO also received 200 Gy, while afterwards they received 300 Gy. For further analysis, we formed three patient groups based on GO diagnosis and administered radiation dose and compared their results. The main research question focused on the effect of an increased dose on Graves’ orbitopathy. The sub-questions addressed the resolution rate achieved with the higher dose as well as the development of GO in patients who received radioiodine therapy.
Results The results show that GO symptoms were improved after radioiodine treatment in 68.5 % of patients treated with 300 Gy but only in 47.5 % of the patients treated with 200 Gy (p = 0.003). While in the 300 Gy group, hyperthyroidism was resolved in 93.2 % of patients, this was achieved in only 68.8 % of patients in the 200 Gy group (p </= 0.001).
Discussion Especially with an inactive form of GO profit from their hyperthyroidism being quickly and sufficiently resolved. This is achieved significantly better by administering 300 Gy instead of 200 Gy. For this reason, data analysis supports a differentiated dose concept that provides 300 Gy for patients with GO and 200 Gy for patients without GO.
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis in Clinical Practice – A Case Series
Authors: Schädle Philipp , Tschritter Otto , Kellerer Monika 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Aims The aim of this case report is to specify the frequency and mortality of Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) in emergency medicine, as the diagnosis seems to occur more often than estimated.
Methods To identify the subjects, we developed screening criteria for MALA. We measured the serum metformin concentration to confirm the diagnosis in all patients fulfilling these criteria. Retrospectively the patients were grouped according to individual risk (according to a defined risk score) and the application of renal replacement therapy.
Results From 2013 until 2018 we were able to identify 11 MALA patients revealing a frequency of 1:4,000 emergency patients. Six patients survived and five died in the follow-up. All three patients in the high-risk group died although all of them received renal replacement therapy. In the low-risk group (three patients, one with renal replacement therapy), all patients survived, while in the intermediate-risk group (five patients, one with renal replacement therapy) three patients survived and two died. Additional severe comorbidities also contributed to mortality.
Conclusions Every patient matching the screening criteria of acute renal failure, lactic acidosis and continued intake of metformin can be considered a potential MALA case. A risk score assessment which includes severe comorbidities may help to identify high-risk individuals and should be evaluated in larger studies.To prevent MALA, patients should be trained to immediately interrupt their own metformin use when showing signs of volume depletion. Physicians should be aware of the additional risk factors such as co-medication with diuretics, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) ACE inhibitors and NSAIDs (non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs).
FGF23 Beyond the Kidney: A New Bone Mass Regulator in the General Population
Authors: Bilha Stefana Catalina , Bilha Andrei , Ungureanu Maria-Christina , Matei Anca , Florescu Alexandru , Preda Cristina , Covic Adrian , Branisteanu Dumitru 
Published: May 2020

AbstractClinical studies investigating the relationship between fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and bone mass are controversial, especially in the healthy renal population. Our study is one of the forefronts investigating the relationship between FGF23 and bone mass parameters in the general population, according to age, sex, menopausal, and nutritional status. Cross-sectional study enrolling 123 volunteers between 20–80 years of age without primary osteoporosis under treatment nor secondary osteoporosis, where bone mass (bone mineral density-BMD, bone mineral content-BMC; assessed by Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry-DXA), body composition (DXA evaluation), and also the serum levels of FGF23, parathormone (PTH), 25(OH)D, bone resorption marker C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx) and leptin were determined. FGF23 was negatively and independently associated with BMD and/or BMC in all groups. FGF23 contributed to up to 10% (p <0.05) of femoral neck BMD variance in postmenopausal women, but was not an accurate discriminator of normal versus low bone mass (AUC=0.622±0.076). FGF23 did not correlate with 25(OH)D, CTx, body weight, body composition parameters or leptin. FGF23 was independently associated with PTH in premenopausal women and men only. FGF23 was negatively associated with bone mass parameters in both sexes, but was not a fine discriminator between normal bone mass and osteopenia/osteoporosis. The mechanism through which FGF23 acts upon the bone seems independent of the nutritional status, requiring further investigation.
Validated LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Quantitation of
SAFit-1 and SAFit-2 in Mice Plasma: Application to a Pharmacokinetic
Study
Authors: Gabani Bhavesh Babulal , Sulochana Suresh Ponnayyan , Siddesh Anup H.A. , Kiran Vinay , Saini Neeraj Kumar , Samanta Swapan Kumar , Hallur Mahanandeesha S. , Rajagopal Sridharan , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSAFit-1 and SAFit-2 are selective FKBP51 (FK506-binding protein 51) ligands. In
this paper, we present the development and validation data of an
LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantitation of SAFit-1 and SAFit-2
in mice plasma as per FDA regulatory guideline. SAFit-1 and SAFit-2 along with
internal standard were extracted from mice plasma using liquid-liquid extraction
method. Chromatographic resolution of SAFit-1, SAFit-2 and the internal standard
(warfarin) was achieved on an X-Terra phenyl column using 0.2% formic
acid:acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) as an eluent, which was delivered at a
flow-rate of 0.9 mL/min. The MS/MS ion transitions monitored
were m/z 748.4→420.4, 803.7→384.3 and 309.2
→163.2 for SAFit-1, SAFit-2 and the internal standard, respectively. The
linearity range was 2.45–2446 ng/mL for both SAFit-1 and
SAFit-2. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and intra- and inter-day precision
were in the range of 0.90–1.07 and 2.38–10.8%,
respectively for SAFit-1; 0.97–1.15 and 0.23–12.5%,
respectively for SAFit-2. Both SAFit-1 and SAFit-2 were found to be stable in
stability studies (up to three freeze-thaw cycles and for long-term at
−80°C for 30 days) and processed (bench-top for 3 h and in
in-injector for 16 h) samples. The application of the validated method was shown
in a pharmacokinetic study in mice.
Short-acting antipsychotics or long-acting injectables? A treatment comparison in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Thiem Helena , Folkerts Here , Völkel Lukas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Aim This research aims to compare the efficacy and direct costs of short-acting oral antipsychotics and aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM) in the context of the treatment of patients with schizophrenia based on real-world data in Germany.
Method Results are based on a single-armed, retrospective, non-interventional pre-post comparison study evaluating data from 132 patients with schizophrenia before and after switching from oral antipsychotics to AOM treatment (6 months each). Socio-demographics, as well as parameters of indication, efficacy and resource consumption were analyzed and statistically evaluated.
Results The switch from an oral antipsychotic medication to AOM led to a distinct improvement in all clinically relevant parameters, including a reduction in hospitalization rates (55.1 % vs. 14.0 %), length of stay (43.5 d vs. 34.8 d) and percentage of patients with multiple hospitalizations (13.6 % vs. 3.8 %). There was also a reduction in schizophrenic episodes for patients with ≥ 1 episode (2.9 vs. 1.4) and of the percentage of patients with ≥ 1 (88.0 % vs. 29.3 %) as well as ≥ 2 (60.0 % vs. 8.1 %) schizophrenic episodes. The proportion of patients requiring a visit to day clinics or psychiatric institute outpatient clinics (PIA) decreased (39.5 % vs. 8.4 %) for patients with AOM treatment, as did the average length of stay in day clinics or PIAs (116.8 d vs. 86.4 d) for patients with ≥ 1 stay. The cost saving potential of AOM compared to the treatment with oral antipsychotics ranged between 1,729.32 € and 5,048.53 € per patient for a six-month observation period.
Conclusion Our results suggest that AOM treatment of patients with schizophrenia is more effective (reduction in schizophrenic episodes, hospitalizations, stays in day clinics, psychiatrist visits, losses in productivity) and generates lower costs for the statutory health insurance (SHI) in Germany than treatment with oral antipsychotics and should therefore not be regarded as only a last-resort treatment option for schizophrenia.
Clinician Perceptions of a Computerized Decision Support System for Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Screening
Authors: El Mikati Hala K. , Yazel-Smith Lisa , Grout Randall W. , Downs Stephen M. , Carroll Aaron E. , Hannon Tamara S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective With the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in youth, primary care providers must identify patients at high risk and implement evidence-based screening promptly. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) provide clinicians with personalized reminders according to best evidence. One example is the Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation (CHICA) system, which, as we have previously shown, significantly improves screening for T2D. Given that the long-term success of any CDSS depends on its acceptability and its users' perceptions, we examined what clinicians think of the CHICA diabetes module.
Methods CHICA users completed an annual quality improvement and satisfaction questionnaire. Between May and August of 2015 and 2016, the survey included two statements related to the T2D-module: (1) “CHICA improves my ability to identify patients who might benefit from screening for T2D” and (2) “CHICA makes it easier to get the lab tests necessary to identify patients who have diabetes or prediabetes.” Answers were scored using a 5-point Likert scale and were later converted to a 2-point scale: agree and disagree. The Pearson chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between responses and the respondents. Answers per cohort were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test.
Results The majority of respondents (N = 60) agreed that CHICA improved their ability to identify patients who might benefit from screening but disagreed as to whether it helped them get the necessary laboratories. Scores were comparable across both years.
Conclusion CHICA was endorsed as being effective for T2D screening. Research is needed to improve satisfaction for getting laboratories with CHICA.
Hepatic Artery Interventions in the Transplant Patient
Authors: Berman Zachary , Aryafar Hamed 
Published: May 2020

AbstractArterial complications are some of the feared complications of hepatic transplantation. This stems from the fact that while hepatocytes derive most of their blood supply from the portal vasculature, bile ducts get their supply from the hepatic artery. Arterial insufficiency overtime causes biliary ischemia, necrosis, and often hepatic graft failure. Once suspected clinically, a prompt imaging work-up is usually performed. After confirmation of suspected hepatic arterial injury or insufficiency, quick intervention is usually required. Knowledge of the common hepatic artery complications, their imaging diagnosis, and different treatment modalities is critical for any provider who treats these patients. This review covers the imaging diagnosis and types of vascular injuries, and analyzes the different treatment options.
Critical digital literacy of future teachers in the Twitter Age (La alfabetización crítica digital del futuro profesorado en tiempos de Twitter) (La alfabetización crítica digital del futuro profesorado en tiempos de Twitter)
Authors: Santisteban Antoni , Díez-Bedmar María-Consuelo , Castellví Jordi 
Published: May 2020

The transformations caused by the proliferation of social media in the Digital Age are having a huge impact on the field of education. Teacher training programmes are faced with the challenge of preparing future teachers to interpret digital media critically. Creating an informed, reflective citizenry depends on this training. This leads to the question: Are future teachers critical thinkers? This study inquires into the capacities of students in their third and fourth years of the Bachelor’s degree in Primary Education at five Spanish universities ( n = 322) to construct critical discourses. This study examines their capacities to analyse and discuss information from social media on controversial issues around gender violence, machismo, LGBTIQ persons, homophobia, intolerance and undemocratic attitudes. The results reveal the future teachers’ difficulties developing critical discourses based on online news items on controversial issues. Only a minority doubt, check, analyse and argue critically.
German-language scales for spirituality at work
Authors: Moll Tobias 
Published: May 2020

Although spirituality at work is increasingly raising academics’ and practioneers’ interest, to date virtually no scientific insights on effects and applications of spirituality at work in Germany are available due to lack of suitable German-language scales. We contribute to facilitation of future research by developing two culturally adapted German-language spirituality at work scales – based on the Faith at Work Scale (FAWS) and the Spirit at Work Scale (SAWS). In study 1, we evaluate the two German-language instruments, G-FAWS and G-SAWS, using explorative factor analysis with data from northern Germany (N = 148). On average, we find better scale properties of G-SAWS, and develop a five-item short version (G-S-SAWS). Study 2 (N = 179) provides additional validity analyzes. Based on Study 3 with data from all across Germany (N = 2,568), we discuss generalizability for Germany with all its spiritually heterogeneous parts.
Revenue use and public support for a carbon tax
Authors: Nowlin Matthew C , Gupta Kuhika , Ripberger Joseph T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Many experts see carbon pricing as an effective way to reduce emissions of greenhouses gases; however, political and public support for carbon pricing has faltered. Recent research indicates that revenue recycling and policy design options may induce public support for carbon pricing, but does not examine change in support as a result of revenue use or possible heterogeneity in these inducements across partisan groups. Does support for a carbon tax shift significantly once revenue uses are discussed? Do conservatives and Republicans and liberals and Democrats respond to different revenue reuse options when formulating opinions about carbon taxation? This study employs a survey experiment to examine these questions. Key results indicate that support shifts are largest when the revenue would be refunded and conservatives and Republicans are responsive to different revenue usage options. Specifically, conservatives and Republicans are more supportive of a carbon tax when revenues go towards a tax rebate or deficit reduction. While the differences are relatively small and variable (uncertain), these results provide suggestive insight into the policy design options that may induce a bipartisan basis of public support for carbon taxation policies.