bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NKCC1 involvement in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a prognostic biomarker in gliomas
Authors: Sun Huaiyu , Long Shengrong , Wu Bingbing , Liu Jia , Li Guangyu 
Published: March 2020

Background
Gliomas are the most prevalent type of intracranial tumors. NKCC1 is an important regulator in tumor cell volume. We noticed that abnormally high NKCC1 expression resulted in changes in the shape and adhesion of glioma cells. However, little is known about the role of NKCC1 in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gliomas. This study aims to clarify the biological function of NKCC1 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) progression.

Methods
Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we performed a Kaplan–Meier analysis on NKCC1 expression levels to estimate the rate of survival of mesenchymal GBM patients. The correlation between NKCC1 and EMT-related proteins was analyzed from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) server. We conducted Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to verify molecular signatures and pathways. We then studied the expression of NKCC1 in grade I–IV glioma tissue samples collected from patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Finally, we evaluated the effects of NKCC1 migration and invasion on the cellular behaviors of U251 cells using the transwell assay and western blots.

Results
High NKCC1 expression was associated with poor prognoses in mesenchymal GBM. Our results suggest a correlation between NKCC1 and EMT-protein markers: CDH2 and VIM. GSEA showed that gliomas, TGF-beta signaling and EMT were enriched in the NKCC1 high expression phenotype. Higher expression levels of NKCC1 in gliomas correlate with higher glioma grades. Transwell assay and western blot results demonstrated that the knockdown of NKCC1 led to a reduction in migration and invasion, while also inhibiting MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in U251.

Conclusion
These results suggest that high expression of NKCC1 regulates EMT in gliomas, providing a new therapeutic strategy for addressing the spread of gliomas by inhibiting the spread of intracranial tumors.
Age-specific differences in gait domains and global cognitive function in older women: gait characteristics based on gait speed modification
Authors: Noh Byungjoo , Youm Changhong , Lee Myeounggon , Park Hwayoung 
Published: March 2020

Background
Several studies have reported the association between gait and global cognitive function; however, there is no study explaining the age-specific gait characteristics of older women and association between those characteristics and global cognitive function by age-specific differences and gait speed modification. The aim of this study was to examine age-specific differences in gait characteristics and global cognitive function in older women as well as identify gait domains strongly associated with global cognitive function in older women based on gait speed modification.

Methods
One hundred sixty-four female participants aged 65–85 years were examined. Participants were assessed for global cognitive function through the mini-mental state examination. They also performed three trials of the overground walking test along a straight 20 m walkway. Inertial measurement unit sensors with shoe-type data loggers on both the left and right outsoles were used to measure gait characteristics.

Results
The pace at all speeds and the variability and phase at faster speeds were altered in women aged >75 years (all pace domain parameters, p < 0.05); variability and phase highly depended on age (all p < 0.05). Variability at slower speeds (β = −0.568 and p = 0.006) and the phase at the preferred (β = −0.471 and p = 0.005) and faster speeds (β = −0.494 and p = 0.005) were associated with global cognitive function in women aged >75 years.

Discussion
The variability and phase domains at faster speeds were considered to identify gait changes that accompany aging. In addition, the decreases in global cognitive function are associated with increased variability and phase domains caused by changes in gait speed in older women.

Conclusion
Our results are considered useful for understanding age-related gait characteristics with global cognitive function in old women.
Monitoring of Surface Water Quality in Train Development Activities Plan between Makasar and Parepare, South Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Isworo Slamet , Oetari Poerna Sri , Alita Indah Nur , Adji Tosan 
Published: March 2020

Background and Objectives: The plan for the construction of the Makassar - Parepare railway line is the priority for the development of the land transportation mode in South Sulawesi. The development plan has received an environmental permit which was then continued with a monitoring study.
Methodology: Descriptive analysis methods are then compared with quality standards based on South Sulawesi Governor Regulation No. 69 of 2010. Physical parameters with organoleptic and conductivity methods. Heavy metal parameters using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method. Aquatic biota parameters are based on the Shannon wiener diversity index.
The Results: The measurement results of the pre-construction stage addressing parameters that exceed the quality standard are turbidity. Measuring the monitoring period I, all parameters still meet quality standards, except Total Dissolved Solids and Cadmium, while other parameters are not required. Measurement. Period II, at all measurement locations the parameters of Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solid, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolved Oxygen exceed the quality standards of the Diversity Index (H') results of the pre-construction period with the value (H') = 1.92, (D) = 66, (E) = -, mild pollution waters category. Period 1 (H') = 0.24, (D) = 0.88, (E) = 0.35, the category of moderately polluted. Period II (H') = 0.78, (D) = 0.22, (E) = 0.49, the category of moderately polluted waters.
Conclusions: Monitoring results show an increase in surface water pollution from mild to moderate.
Interprofessional Undergraduate Analytical Study on Anger Management
Authors: Lwin Htay , Shen Sim Khye , Yunn Ch’ng Shi , Vasudevan Yasheera , Than Nan Nitra , Soe Htoo Htoo Kyaw , Abas Adinegara Lutfi , Htay Mila Nu Nu 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Anger has been defined in many ways from “a negative, phenomenological (or internal) feeling state” to “a basic emotion in which the function is to provide the organism with motivated capacities to overcome obstacles”. Anger has been the subject of many discourses and its vehemence in many religions and cultures. The study aimed to determine the ability of anger management among different gender and factors associated with anger management.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional prospective study. The validated ‘Quality of Life’ questionnaire from University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United Sates of America and Novaco Anger Scale from Mental Health America of Northern Kentucky & Southwest Ohio (WHOQOL-BREF) were used for students’ perception on anger management. Quantitative data were analyzed using Epi Info Version. 7 Software.
Results: The total of 358 students participated in this study. There is a significant association between anger management among different ethnicity.
Conclusion: Gender was not a significant factor in anger management, it was probably due to equal opportunity among male and female in acquiring education, application for scholarships and usage of education facilities. Gender equality had a big impact in enhancing the good anger management properties.
Bio-tower Application for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Doelle Klaus , Qin Yue , Wang Qian 
Published: March 2020

The study tested the performance of a batch-type recirculating laboratory scale bio-tower for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Performance tests were done with a HACH DR-1900 spectrophotometer include chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and nitrogen ammonia.
This study showed that the recirculated laboratory type bio-tower containing 0.276 ft3 (0.008 m3) of polypropylene growth media with a surface area of 6.624 ft2 (0.615 m2) can reduce the chemical oxygen demand between 70% to 87%. NH3-N reduction was found to be between 94% to 96%, and total phosphorus reduction was between 69% and 87% for flow rates of 0.6 l/min to 1.5 l/min.
Biomaterials for Sequestration of Growth Factors and Modulation of Cell Behavior
Authors: Teixeira Simão P. B. , Domingues Rui M. A. , Shevchuk Mariya , Gomes Manuela E. , Peppas Nicholas A. , Reis Rui L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGrowth factors (GFs) are proteins secreted by cells that regulate a variety of biological processes. Although they have long been proposed as potent therapeutic agents, their administration in a soluble form has proven costly and ineffective due to their short half‐lives in biological environments. Biomaterial‐based approaches are increasingly sought as alternatives to improve the efficacy or, ideally, replace the need for exogenous administration of GFs in regenerative medicine strategies. The means by which these systems evolve from biomaterials for conventional controlled release of GFs to the recent extracellular matrix (ECM)–inspired approaches for sequestering these labile molecules and regulating their spatiotemporal activity and presentation are reviewed. Focus is placed on biomaterials functionalized either with ECM components, which show promiscuous GF binding, or with targeted GF ligands (antibodies, aptamers, or peptides). The potential of synthetic platforms with abiotic affinity as cost‐effective alternatives to the current biological ligands is also discussed. Overall, the various GF sequestering systems developed so far have remarkably improved the activity of GFs at reduced doses and, in some cases, completely avoided the need for their exogenous administration to guide cell fates. These bioinspired concepts thus enable the rational exploration of the full therapeutic potential of GFs in regenerative medicine.
Co‐Interlayer Engineering toward Efficient Green Quasi‐Two‐Dimensional Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Meng Fanyuan , Liu Xinyan , Chen Yuxuan , Cai Xinyi , Li Mengke , Shi Tingting , Chen Ziming , Chen Dongcheng , Yip Hin‐Lap , Ramanan Charusheela , Blom Paul W. M. , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith respect to three‐dimensional (3D) perovskites, quasi‐two‐dimensional (quasi‐2D) perovskites have unique advantages in light‐emitting devices (LEDs), such as strong exciton binding energy and good phase stability. Interlayer ligand engineering is a key issue to endow them with these properties. Rational design principles for interlayer materials and their processing techniques remain open to investigation. A co‐interlayer engineering strategy is developed to give efficient quasi‐2D perovskites by employing phenylbutylammonium bromide (PBABr) and propylammonium bromide (PABr) as the ligand materials. Preparation of these co‐interlayer quasi‐2D perovskite films is simple and highly controllable without using antisolvent treatment. Crystallization and morphology are readily manipulated by tuning the ratio of co‐interlayer components. Various optical techniques, including steady and ultrafast transient absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies, are used to investigate their excitonic properties. Photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the perovskite film is dramatically improved to 89% due to the combined optimization of exciton binding energy and suppression of trap state formation. Accordingly, a high current efficiency of 66.1 cd A−1 and an external quantum efficiency of 15.1% are achieved for green co‐interlayer quasi‐2D perovskite LEDs without using any light out‐coupling techniques, indicating that co‐interlayer engineering is a simple and effective approach to develop high‐performance perovskite electroluminescence devices.
Function Follows Form: From Semiconducting to Metallic toward Superconducting PbS Nanowires by Faceting the Crystal
Authors: Ramin Moayed Mohammad Mehdi , Kull Sascha , Rieckmann Angelique , Beck Philip , Wagstaffe Michael , Noei Heshmat , Kornowski Andreas , Hungria Ana B. , Lesyuk Rostyslav , Stierle Andreas , Klinke Christian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the realm of colloidal nanostructures, with their immense capacity for shape and dimensionality control, the form is undoubtedly a driving factor for the tunability of optical and electrical properties in semiconducting or metallic materials. However, influencing the fundamental properties is still challenging and requires sophisticated surface or dimensionality manipulation. Such a modification is presented for the example of colloidal lead‐sulfide nanowires. It is shown that the electrical properties of lead sulfide nanostructures can be altered from semiconducting to metallic with indications of superconductivity, by exploiting the flexibility of the colloidal synthesis to sculpt the crystal and to form different surface facets. A particular morphology of lead sulfide nanowires is prepared through the formation of {111} surface facets, which shows metallic and superconducting properties in contrast to other forms of this semiconducting crystal, which contain other surface facets ({100} and {110}). This effect, which is investigated with several experimental and theoretical approaches, is attributed to the presence of lead‐rich {111} facets. The insights promote new strategies for tuning the properties of crystals and new applications for lead sulfide nanostructures.
A Sieve‐Functional and Uniform‐Porous Kaolin Layer toward Stable Zinc Metal Anode
Authors: Deng Canbin , Xie Xuesong , Han Junwei , Tang Yan , Gao Jiawei , Liu Cunxin , Shi Xiaodong , Zhou Jiang , Liang Shuquan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractZinc metal is considered as one of the best anode choices for rechargeable aqueous Zn‐based batteries due to its high specific capacity, abundance, and safety. However, dendrite and corrosion issues remain a challenge for this system. Herein, sieve‐element function (selective channel of Zn2+) and uniform‐pore distribution (≈3.0 nm) of a kaolin‐coated Zn anode (KL‐Zn) is proposed to alleviate these problems. Based on the artificial Zn metal/electrolyte interface, the KL‐Zn anode not only ensures dendrite‐free deposition and long‐time stability (800 h at 1.1 mA h cm−2), but also retards side reactions. As a consequence, KL‐Zn/MnO2 batteries can deliver high specific capacity and good capacity retention as well as a reasonably well‐preserved morphology (KL‐Zn) after 600 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. This work provides a deep step toward high‐performance rechargeable Zn‐based battery system.
A Blue Photosensitizer Realizing Efficient and Stable Green Solar Cells via Color Tuning by the Electrolyte
Authors: Ren Yameng , Cao Yiming , Zhang Dan , Zakeeruddin Shaik Mohammed , Hagfeldt Anders , Wang Peng , Grätzel Michael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSemitransparent dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are appealing as aesthetically pleasing and colorful see‐through photovoltaics. Green semitransparent DSCs have been presented, but the best ones rely on green zinc porphyrin photosensitizers and high volatile electrolytes. For potential outdoor applications, the zinc porphyrin DSCs employing ionic liquid electrolytes merely reached a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.3% even with opaque mesoporous TiO2 films. Herein, the new green DSC is realized by using a blue organic photosensitizer in conjunction with an orange ionic‐liquid‐based electrolyte, presenting a simple and an effective path for color tuning of photovoltaics. The new approach allows for broadly modulating the color from spring green to cyan by tuning the contributions of the light absorption by the dye‐sensitized TiO2 film and the electrolyte layer. The new semitransparent DSCs with spring green to cyan colors have PCEs ranging from 6.7% to 8.1% and show stability for 1000 h under accelerated ageing test at 80 °C, superior to the zinc porphyrin DSCs. The findings pave a new way to achieve efficient and stable colorful solar cells.
Anisotropic Optical and Frictional Properties of Langmuir–Blodgett Film Consisting of Uniaxially‐Aligned Rod‐Shaped Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Chae Inseok , Ngo Dien , Chen Zhe , Kwansa Albert L. , Chen Xing , Meddeb Amira Barhoumi , Podraza Nikolas J. , Yingling Yaroslava G. , Ounaies Zoubeida , Kim Seong H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLangmuir–Blodgett (LB) film deposition gives an opportunity to control the packing density and orientation of anisotropic nanoparticles at a monolayer level, allowing accurate characterization of their anisotropic material properties. The uniaxial deposition of rod‐shaped cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) over a macroscopically large area is achieved by aligning the long axis of CNCs on the LB trough with the direction of the maximum drag force within the meniscus during the vertical pulling of the substrate from the LB trough. On the uniaxially‐aligned LB films, anisotropic linear and non‐linear optical properties of CNCs are obtained using Mueller matrix spectroscopy and sum frequency generation spectroscopy, respectively, and explained with time‐dependent density functional theory calculations. Also, the frictional anisotropy of the LB film is measured using atomic force microscopy and explained theoretically. The findings of this study will be valuable for preparation of anisotropic nanoparticle thin films with uniform arrangements and utilization of their anisotropic material properties.
Targeting Pyruvate Carboxylase by a Small Molecule Suppresses Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Lin Qingxiang , He Yuan , Wang Xue , Zhang Yong , Hu Meichun , Guo Weikai , He Yundong , Zhang Tao , Lai Li , Sun Zhenliang , Yi Zhengfang , Liu Mingyao , Chen Yihua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRapid metabolism differentiates cancer cells from normal cells and relies on anaplerotic pathways. However, the mechanisms of anaplerosis‐associated enzymes are rarely understood. The lack of potent and selective antimetabolism drugs restrains further clinical investigations. A small molecule ZY‐444 ((N4‐((5‐(4‐(benzyloxy)phenyl)‐2‐thiophenyl)methyl)‐N2‐isobutyl‐2,4‐pyrimidinediamine) is discovered to inhibit cancer cell proliferation specifically, having potent efficacies against tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. ZY‐444 binds to cellular pyruvate carboxylase (PC), a key anaplerotic enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and inactivates its catalytic activity. PC inhibition suppresses breast cancer growth and metastasis through inhibiting the Wnt/β‐catenin/Snail signaling pathway. Lower PC expression in patient tumors is correlated with significant survival benefits. Comparative profiles of PC expression in cancer versus normal tissues implicate the tumor selectivity of ZY‐444. Overall, ZY‐444 holds promise therapeutically as an anti‐cancer metabolism agent.
Structured reporting of cardiovascular magnetic resonance based on expert consensuses and guidelines
Authors: Huang Yihua , Zhou Hui , Feng Yabo , Zhou Moling , Tang Haixiong , Zhou Gaofeng , Liu Jinkang , Liao Weihua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is a gap between China and developed countries in Europe and America as to the normalization of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) diagnostic reports. The aim of this study was to construct a structured CMR report template suitable for China's actual conditions.MethodsCardiac magnetic resonance standardized image interpretation and post‐processing guidelines and CMR report guidelines are the consensus and recommendations of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) experts whose goal is to ensure the consistent quality and repeatability of CMR reports. This structured CMR report template was constructed based on the guidelines for standardized image interpretation, post processing and reporting of CMR examinations, combined with the experiences learned in Germany and the practical experiences in China. It consisted of three parts: Device and Methods, Findings (Structure and function, Tissue Characterization), Summary and Conclusion. Detailed directions were provided section by section.ResultsThis structured CMR report template underlined the comprehensive analysis of the results of morphological, functional and tissue characteristics to provide conclusive opinions and answer the corresponding important questions raised by the clinicians.ConclusionThe standardization of qualitative and quantitative assessments of CMR results is the core of structured reporting of CMR.
Experimental and numerical investigation of sands and Geldart A biomass co‐fluidization
Authors: Lu Liqiang , Yu Jia , Gao Xi , Xu Yupeng , Shahnam Mehrdad , Rogers William A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article investigated the fluidization of sands and small Geldart A biomass mixtures. The mixture fluidized like Geldart A type particles with a uniform bed expansion regime before bubbling. The video recorded color distance between pure sands and sands–biomass mixtures was used to estimate the sands–biomass mixing. The coarse‐grained computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method with a hybrid drag model which couples the Syamlal–O'Brien drag and a filtered drag can capture the mixing while the simulation with Gidaspow drag predicted a segregated bed. The simulations were further validated with experimental measured pressure drops. The time averaged pressure drop equals the weight of the bed material, however, its fluctuation is about three times of the bed material fluctuation.
Surviving in fragmented landscapes: Identifying variables that influence primate population viability and persistence in forest fragments and a summary of the included papers
Authors: Gould Lisa , McLennan Matthew , Donati Giuseppe 
Published: March 2020

Research Highlights
The papers included in this special issue examine interspecific responses to habitat fragmentation by primate populations
We identify intra and interspecific variables that can help predict primate population viability and potential persistence in fragmented landscapes
The role of mouse models in colorectal cancer research—The need and the importance of the orthotopic models
Authors: Oliveira Rui C. , Abrantes Ana Margarida , Tralhão José Guilherme , Botelho Maria Filomena 
Published: March 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer is a worldwide health burden, with high incidence and mortality, especially in the advanced stages of the disease. Preclinical models are very important and valuable to discover and validate early and specific biomarkers as well as new therapeutic targets. In order to accomplish that, the animal models must replicate the clinical evolution of the disease in all of its phases. In this article, we review the existent mouse models, with their strengths and weaknesses in the replication of human cancer disease progression, with major focus on orthotopic models.