bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fate of Deleterious Variants in a Barley Genomic Prediction Population
Authors: Kono Thomas J Y , Liu Chaochih , Vonderharr Emily E , Koenig Daniel , Fay Justin C , Smith Kevin P , Morrell Peter L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Targeted identification and purging of deleterious genetic variants has been proposed as a novel approach to animal and plant breeding. This strategy is motivated, in part, by the observation that demographic events and strong selection associated with cultivated species pose a “cost of domestication.” This includes an increase in the proportion of genetic variants that are likely to reduce fitness. Recent advances in DNA resequencing and sequence constraint-based approaches to predict the functional impact of a mutation permit the identification of putatively deleterious SNPs (dSNPs) on a genome-wide scale. Using exome capture resequencing of 21 barley lines, we identified 3855 dSNPs among 497,754 total SNPs. We generated whole-genome resequencing data of Hordeum murinum ssp. glaucum as a phylogenetic outgroup to polarize SNPs as ancestral vs. derived. We also observed a higher proportion of dSNPs per synonymous SNPs (sSNPs) in low-recombination regions of the genome. Using 5215 progeny from a genomic prediction experiment, we examined the fate of dSNPs over three breeding cycles. Adjusting for initial frequency, derived alleles at dSNPs reduced in frequency or were lost more often than other classes of SNPs. The highest-yielding lines in the experiment, as chosen by standard genomic prediction approaches, carried fewer homozygous dSNPs than randomly sampled lines from the same progeny cycle. In the final cycle of the experiment, progeny selected by genomic prediction had a mean of 5.6% fewer homozygous dSNPs relative to randomly chosen progeny from the same cycle.
Az riskli term gebede prenatal takibe etki eden faktörler
Authors: FIRATLIGİL Fahri Burçin , FİDAN Ulaş 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Nullipar ve multipar bayanların, term dönemde kaç kez prenatal vizite başvurdukları, ve bu başvuruların hangi eğitim düzeyinde daha sık görülüğü karşılaştırılmaya çalışıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi, Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum kliniğinde Aralık 2015 – Mayıs 2016 sezaryen ve/veya spontan vajinal doğum ile doğumunu gerçekleştirilen 341 hasta dahil edildi. Bunların 205’ini nullipar gebeler oluşturuken, 136’sı multipar gebeler idi.Bulgular: Nullipar ve multipar bayanların, term dönem vizit sayıları karşılaştırıldığında, gruplar arasında anlamlı düzeyde fark bulundu. Bu anlam, nullipar bayanlar lehine tespit edildi. Term dönem vizit sayılarını, eğitim düzeyleri açısından karşılaştırdığımızda; bayanlar açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamsız iken, babalar açısından baktığımızda lise eğitim düzeyinde daha sık vizite gelindiği tespit edildi.Sonuç: Toplumsal eğitim düzeylerinin arttırılması, gebelik sürecinin en başından itibaren anne ve baba adaylarının prenatal vizitlerin önemi ve sıklığı bakımından bilinçlendirilmesi ile prenatal bakımın daha efektif hale gelebileceği düşünülmektedir.
Palliative care experiences of the patient family
Authors: TORUN Nazan 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: In order to provide patient-centred and high-quality palliative care services, it is crucial to acknowledge the perspectives and experiences of patients and their families; yet, there are not adequate number of studies about this subject. The aim of this study is to identify the perceptions of patient families of palliative care and to determine the challenges they have encountered based on their experience in the palliative care service. Materials and Methods: Qualitative and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 patient relatives of patients in the palliative care service. Content analysis method was used for the analysis of qualitative data. Giorgi’s four-step qualitative analysis method was used in qualitative data analysis process. Results: It has been determined that patient relatives who had had no prior knowledge on palliative care perceived palliative care services as “the place in which patient care is taught”, “a fundamentally crucial assistance service”, “a service which has recently been introduced to public knowledge and which must be proliferated”. Conclusion: Providing care services for end-of-life patients might be burdensome for caregivers. Therefore, the expectations and attitudes of patient families and the difficulties they experience in the palliative care process might provide beneficial insight to inform policy decisions in palliative care interventions.
The effect of postpartum afterpain on breastfeeding self-efficacy
Authors: EVCİLİ Funda , KAYA Didem 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: This study was carried out to identify the effect of postpartum afterpain on breastfeeding self-efficacy.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study. The sample consisted of 376 postnatal women who met the criteria for participation in the study. The participants were administered the Personal Information Form, The Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, The Short-Form Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: The mean total score received from the breastfeeding self-efficacy by the postpartum women was found to be 36.88±8.54 (min:14, max:70). The mean scores of the sensory and affective pain, total pain intensity, and visual analoque scale were found to be 33.53±4.18 (min:0, max:45), 2.60±1.39 (min:0, max:5), 6.23±1.91 (min:0, max:10), respectively. In this study, the breastfeeding self-efficacy was found to be higher in the women who were 35 years and over, found their social support adequate, planned their current pregnancy, received prenatal care, expressed their willingness to breastfeed, had no breastfeeding problem. The self-efficacy of breastfeeding is low for women who experienced postpartum abdominal pain, who described the frequency of pain as ‘continuous, continuous and constant’, and who stated that they needed analgesia. A statistically significant negative correlation was determined between the postpartum women’s breastfeeding self-efficacy scores and their postpartum afterpain scores. The postpartum women with afterpain were found to have low levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy.Conclusion: Postpartum pain negatively affects breastfeeding self-efficacy. Controlling pain contributes to the effective implementation of the breastfeeding process.
Periodontal cerrahi öncesi dental anksiyete düzeyi ve progresif gevşeme egzersizlerinin vital bulgular üzerine etkisi
Authors: KOCAMAN Gülhan 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Periodontal cerrahi öncesi hastaların dental anksiyete düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve ameliyat öncesi yapılan progresif gevşeme egzersizlerinin vital bulgular ve ağız açıklığı üzerine etkisini incelemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte planlanan çalışmaya periodontal cerrahi tedavi için randevu verilen randomize 35 hasta dahil edildi. Cerrahi uygulama öncesi onamları alınarak demografik bilgiler ve Corah Dental Anksiyete Skalası içeren anket uygulandı. Tansiyon, nabız ve solunumu içeren vital bulguları ve ağız açıklığı ölçümü yapıldı. Gevşeme egzersizi uygulaması öncesi ortamın sessiz bir ortamda hastaya oturur durumda, kendini en rahat hissettiği pozisyonu alması, gözlerini kapatması istendi. Otuz dk’lık gevşeme egzersizlerini anlatan video kulaklıkla dinlettirildi ve egzersizleri yapması sağlandı. Gevşeme egzersizi sonrası vital bulgular ve ağız açıklığı ölçümleri tekrarlandı.Bulgular: Hastaların 71.4%’ü diş tedavilerinin korku verici olmadığını ifade etmelerine rağmen periodontal cerrahi öncesi dental anksiyete oranı 57.1% olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gevşeme egzersizi uygulaması sonrası sistolik kan basıncı ve ağız açıklığı anlamlı olarak etkilendiği ancak diyastolik kan basıncı, nabız ve solunum ölçümlerinin ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişiklik olmadığı saptandı. Sonuç: Periodontal cerrahi öncesi uygulanan progresif gevşeme egzersizinin ağız açıklığını arttırmada myorelaksan etkinliği olduğu ve sistolik tansiyonun düşürülmesinde ucuz, ağrısız, yan etkisiz non-farmakolojik anksiyolitik olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Hekimlerin Belirsizliğe Tepki Ölçeğinin Türkçe versiyonu geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: ÖZCAN Sevgi , ERASLAN Ayşe Melike , DUYAN Veli , GELBAL Selahattin 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu araştırma, "Physicians' Reactions to Uncertainty Scale -Hekimlerin Belirsizliğe Tepki Ölçeğinin (HBTÖ)” Türkçeye uyarlanması amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya Çukurova Üniversitesi Hastanesinde uzmanlık eğitimi alan 257 hekim katıldı. Ölçeğin dil geçerliliği çalışmalarının ardından geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri yapıldı. Yapı geçerliliği için açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenirlik için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayılarından yararlanıldı. Bulgular: Dil geçerliliği için ölçeğin orijinal ve Türkçeye dönüştürülmüş formlarından alınan puanlar arasındaki korelasyonlar “Belirsizlikten Dolayı Anksiyete (BDA)” için 0,805, “Kötü Sonuçlar Hakkında Endişe (KSHE)” için 0,812, “Belirsizliği Hastalara Açıklama İsteksizliği (BHAİ)” için 0,854, “Hataları Hekimlere Açıklama İsteksizliği (HHAİ)” için 0,890 ve HBTÖ için 0,874 olarak bulundu. Uyum İyiliği Testlerine ilişkin değerler Comparative Fit Index (CFI) için 0,96, Normed Fit Index (NFI) için 0,93, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) için 0,88 Incremental Fit Index (IFI) için 0,96 ve The Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) için 0,065 olarak belirlendi. Ölçeğe ve alt boyutlarına ilişkin cronbach alpha güvenirlik katsayısı BDA için 0,855, KSHE için 0,910, BHAİ için 0,854, HHAİ için 0,948 ve ölçeğin tamamı için 0,790 olarak saptandı.Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar HBTÖ’nün Türkçe uyarlamasının hekimlerin belirsizliğe tepkilerinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Effect of autograph used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery on postoperative infection rate
Authors: SEVER Gökhan Bülent 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate effect of autograft selection on the infection risk following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Materials and Methods: Between June 2004 and October 2018, 840 consecutive patients who underwent primary arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with either a hamstring tendon autograft or a bone patellar tendon bone (BTB) autograft were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were assigned into two groups based on the type of graft used: First group was bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) autograft group (n=354) and second group was hamstring tendon autograft group (n=466). These two groups were compared statistically in terms of demographic characteristic and postoperative infection status. After primary ACL reconstruction, local and systemic clinical findings of infection (knee effusion, systemic fever, nausea, weakness) supported by laboratory findings (C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Erytrocyt Sedimentation Rate (ESR)) were defined as infection.Results: There was a statistically increased risk of infection with hamstring tendon autograft compared to BTB autograft. While the infection rate in the first group (BTB) was 0.3 % (n=1), the infection rate in the second group (Hamstring tendon) was 4.7 % (n=22).Conclusion: In this study, a higher infection rate was found in primary ACL cases treated with hamstring tendon autograft compared to those using BTB autografts. Orthopedic surgeons should be aware of the increased risk of infection when hamstring autograft is used in ACL reconstruction surgery and should prefer BTB autograft over hamstring autograft in appropriate indication.
Gonartrozlu hastalarda fonksiyonel yetersizliğin yaşam kalitesine etkisi
Authors: Yılmaz Emel , KIZIL TOĞAÇ Hülya 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Araştırma gonartroz tanısı alan hastalarda fonksiyonel yetersizliğin yaşam kalitesine etkisini saptamak amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türdeki bu araştırma Kasım 2016- Eylül 2017 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Araştırmaya Türkiye'nin batı bölgesindeki bir üniversite ve bir devlet hastanesinin ortopedi kliniklerine başvuran 173 hasta dahil edildi. Araştırmanın verileri kişisel bilgi formu, Visual Analog Skala (VAS), Western Ontario ve McMaster Üniversitesi Osteoartrit indeksi (WOMAC) ve SF-36 yaşam kalitesi ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hastaların yaş ortalaması 62.17±9.14 yıl, %82.7'si kadın, %66.5'i obezdir. Katılımcıların %74.0’ının beden kuvveti gerektiren işlerde çalıştığı, %24.9’unun düzenli egzersiz yaptığı ve %89.6’sının günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde zorlandığı saptandı. Ölçeklerden alınan puan ortalamaları sırası ile; VAS: 7.47±1.77, SF-36 fiziksel özet skor 26.23±5.94 ve mental özet skor 42.81±6.84, WOMAC-ağrı: 13.28±3.69, WOMAC-tutukluk: 3.61±1.99, WOMAC-fonksiyonel yetersizlik: 42.65±10.27 ve WOMAC-toplam puan 62.02±14.91 olarak bulundu. WOMAC toplam puanının fiziksel özet skoru (ß=-0.251) ve mental özet skoru (ß=-0.138) negatif düzeyde etkilediği belirlendi.Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda gonartrozlu hastalarda fonksiyonel yetersizliğin yaşam kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkilediği saptandı. Fonksiyonel yetersizliği azaltmak ve yaşam kalitesini arttırmak için hemşirelerin kilo yönetimi, düzenli egzersiz ve yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri gibi tüm konularda hastalara eğitim yapması önerilmektedir.
Prematüre osteopenisi ile ABO kan grupları arasındaki ilişki
Authors: ÇAKIR Ufuk , TAYMAN Cüneyt , BÜYÜKTİRYAKİ Mehmet 
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Çalışmamızda çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı (ÇDDA) prematürelerde kan grupları ile prematüre osteopenisi (PO) arasındaki ilişkiye bakılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız retrospektif hasta veri kayıtlarından 1 Ocak 2013 - 31 Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında 3. düzey yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yapıldı. Çalışmaya gebelik haftası (GH) &lt;32 hafta ve doğum ağırlığı (DA) &lt;1500 g olan yenidoğanlar dahil edildi. Kan grupları O, A, B, AB olarak 4 ayrı gruba ayrıldı. Prematüre osteopenisi grubuna postanatal 1. ayda alkalen fosfataz düzeyleri &gt; 700 IU / L olan bebekler dahil edildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 1567 ÇDDA prematüre bebek dahil edildi. Genel PO oranı %14,6 olarak bulundu. Prematüre osteopenisi oranları O kan grubunda %14,3, A kan grubunda %14,7, B kan grubunda %15,3 ve AB kan grubunda %13,2 olarak bulundu. Dört kan grubu PO açısından karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi (p=0,612).Sonuç: Çalışmamızda PO ile kan grubu arasındaki olası ilişkiye bakan ilk çalışma olup, PO için herhangi bir kan grubunun risk teşkil etmediği bulundu.
The effects of botulinum toxin type A injection on pain symptoms, quality of life, and sleep quality of patients with diabetic neuropathy: A randomized double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Salehi Hossein , Moussaei Moein , Kamiab Zahra , Vakilian Alireza 
Published: October 2019

Background: Neuropathic pain is one of the most common problems in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study, the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on neuropathic pain, quality of sleep, and quality of life of diabetic patients with sensorimotor polyneuropathy was studied. Methods: This randomized placebo-controlled trial study was carried out in a double-blind (patientresearcher) method. The study was performed on 32 patients with type 2 DM. Neuropathy was confirmed by Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) Questionnaire and nerve conduction study (NCS). The patients were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups based on the random numbers table. After selecting the subjects, we used 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires before and after 3 months of 100 units BTX-A injection (as intervention group) or same amount of chloride sodium (as control group) to the subjects' feet. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using independent twosample t-test, chi-square test, and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: 12 male and 20 female patients participated in this study. There was a significant difference in the mean VAS, PSQI, physical dimension of the SF-36, and some NPS indices over time (12 weeks) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that BTX-A reduced neuropathic pain and improved the quality of life and sleep in people with diabetic neuropathy.
Association of 5-lipoxygenase activating protein gene polymorphism and stroke: A study from north east of Iran
Authors: Erfani Marjan , Sadr-Nabavi Ariane , Jafarzadeh-Esfehani Reza , Shariati Mohammad , Ghanbari-Garekani Leila , Vojdani-Chahchaheh Samaneh , Sasannejad Payam 
Published: October 2019

Background: Stroke is a multifactorial disorder and a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. There are growing numbers of candidate gene pathways which are thought to be associated with stroke. Genes involved in lipid metabolism are important issues in stroke studies. Studying different polymorphisms in these genes are becoming an interest for researchers. 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (ALOX5AP) is one of these genes. Different studies have provided different relations between ALOX5AP promoter polymorphism (rs17222919) and stroke. In the present study, we have evaluated this gene polymorphism in a population in north east of Iran. Methods: This case-control study took place in Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Patients with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmation for ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study and considered as case group. Healthy persons without ischemic stroke were control group. During 1-year period of this study, ALOX5AP gene polymorphism in 200 healthy patients (control group) as well as 228 patients with stroke (case group) was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: All of 428 persons (228 cases and 200 healthy controls) enrolled in this study. The genotype and allele frequency was significantly different between both groups (P = 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). A total number of 54 patients had G allele in case group in contrast to 27 ones in control group. Also, 174 patients in case group had T allele and 173 persons had this allele in control group. In compression of TT genotype, the risk of developing stroke in GG and TG genotypes increased by 3.998 and 1.643, respectively. Also the risk of ischemic stroke with G allele would increase by 2.128. Conclusion: According to our results, ALOX5AP promoter polymorphism (rs17222919) is related to increased ischemic stroke in Iranian population.
ECONOMIC STRATEGIES OF RUSSIAN YOUTH
Authors: S. Shapovalova Inna , V. Kisilenko Anastasia , D. Lebedev Sergey , V. Hashaeva Svetlana , S. Zavodyan Irina 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The article presents the results of the Russian study devoted to the determination of economic dispositions and strategies of modern youth.
Methodology: Exploring the risks in the field of socialization strategies of youth, in 2018 the International Center for Social Strategies of Youth of the Belgorod State National Research University conducted global research of youth social strategies for the first time. Measurements were taken in the field of 11 strategies: economic, educational, migration, labor, social, spiritual and moral, leisure, political, self-preserving, family, and communicative. The research object was the youth of the Russian province (N = 2500), distributed by gender, age and three main quotas: pupils, students, and working youth. The study was supported by a federal grant from the Russian Fundamental Science Foundation.
Result: As a result of the study, the problem field of managing the economic behavior of youth has been identified, the perimeter of which includes the lack of entrepreneurial initiative from youth in the area where they live, the inability to get advice and financial support in this area.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Economic Strategies of Russian Youth is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY IN URBAN SOCIETY OF ASSAM
Authors: Dutta Ankika 
Published: October 2019

Purpose of the study: The aim of the study is to investigate the significant determinants that influence the fertility of a woman in the urban society of Assam.
Methodology: The study is based on primary data collected through sample survey method. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. Multivariate regression is used to identify the significant determinants of fertility.
Main Findings: The findings of this study suggest that distant determinant family type has the largest significant influence on fertility in the study area followed by age at marriage, respondent’s employment and contraception use.
Applications/Implication of this study: This article can be used in future policy formulation, population control and in solving the various social problems by giving an insight into the important aspects affecting fertility.
Novelty/Originality of this study:There is a dearth of studies identifying determinants that affect fertility in the urban society of Assam.The present study is an attempt to give a complete picture of the significant determinants the affect fertility in the area.
INSTITUTE OF LEGAL PROTECTION OF LABOR RIGHTS IN UKRAINE: GENESIS AND CURRENT STATE
Authors: S. Boieva Olena 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: The explored issue seems to be urgent because the efficiency and accessibility of the system of social rights, especially to work and other related rights, become important among priorities of implementation of modern judicial and legal reform in Ukraine. The article is devoted to issues of formation and establishment of the institute of legal protection of labor rights by its separation at the legislative and law-enforcement level from the institute of labor rights protection which is bigger by scope and content. It is noted that knowing the genesis of the institute of legal protection of labor rights in Ukraine is an important step to improve the effectiveness of labor rights protection.
Methodology: General scientific research methods (the formalization, the analysis, and the modeling) and special-legal approaches (the historical and legal, the comparative and legal as well as the state legal modeling) are used.
Result: The need for the allocation of the industrial law legal assistance institute at a legislative and enforcement levels in the Ukrainian system of law is theoretically based. It is proved that such an allocation may be especially useful in practice while industrial dispute resolutions the standardization of which in Ukrainian legislation is insufficiently elaborated. It has been offered to make alterations in a current (or in a new draft) Labor Code of Ukraine, first of all, in the part of the number increase of legislative grounds for the reference to the court on the issue of industrial disputes.
Applications: The normative changes in the Labor Code of Ukraine offered by the author may be used by the domestic entities of the legislative leadership as well as by theorists in the sphere of labor code and by the management of the trade union associations as a basis for the preparation of corresponding drafts.
Novelty/Originality: The historical and legal genesis research of the industrial law legal assistance institute as an independent subject of the industrial law theory with the allocation and justification of its development periods in the history of domestic legal thought was carried out first in Ukrainian science literature. There were also elaborated, formed and theoretically confirmed the specific proposals on the normative changes in the Labor Code of Ukraine in the part of the individual and collective industrial disputed resolutions by means of the offered legal instruments of the industrial law legal assistance institute.