bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract D112: Development of an organoid assay for studying racial disparity in pancreatic acinar ductal metaplasia
Authors: Bray Julie , Ait-Oudhia Sihem , Campbell-Thompson Martha , Schmittgen Thomas D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Blacks have a higher rate of incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer compared to whites. In an effort to identify a biological basis for this disparity, we propose examining the early events in the development of pancreatic cancer. The process by which pancreatic acini transdifferentiate into ductal epithelial cells (i.e. acinar ductal metaplasia or ADM) is one of the earliest events in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We adapted the classic in vitro ADM assay, by which primary mouse pancreatic acini undergo ADM once plated onto the extracellular matrix matrigel, to an assay to culture and transdifferentiate human pancreatic organoids. Human pancreatic acini was received from black (n=5), white (n=3) and Hispanic (n=6) donors from pancreatic islet transplantation centers. The gender distribution was 8 males and 6 females. The acinar cells were cultured on matrigel and allowed to undergo ADM over a 5 to 6 day period. The number of ductal epithelial cells were microscopically counted and the rate of transdifferentiation was determined. Using this technique, we successfully cultured and transdifferentiated 14 of 14 human pancreatic acinar cells. Preliminary data from our study suggests that females undergo ADM at a greater rate than males. Data on race was inconclusive due to the low number of samples. In summary, we have developed an assay to culture and study pancreatic ADM using human specimens. Future studies using increased sample size will investigate if racial disparity exists for pancreatic ADM.
Citation Format: Julie Bray, Sihem Ait-Oudhia, Martha Campbell-Thompson, Thomas D Schmittgen. Development of an organoid assay for studying racial disparity in pancreatic acinar ductal metaplasia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D112.
Abstract IA01: It doesn't have to be this way: What is public health doing to address health equity in cancer?
Authors: Richardson Lisa C. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Public health is the science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities. Overall, public health is concerned with protecting the health of entire populations. These populations can be as small as a local neighborhood or as big as an entire country. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) main mission is to collect and analyze data to show where differences in outcomes occur and to design and implement programs to alleviate these differences. Dr. Richardson will present on the role of CDC’s cancer control programs in identifying these differences and what they are doing address them. CDC works in collaboration with other governmental organizations and community leaders to lessen the cancer burden for everyone.
Citation Format: Lisa C. Richardson. It doesn't have to be this way: What is public health doing to address health equity in cancer? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr IA01.
Abstract IA09: Border health overview: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Elizondo Amy 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The rural areas of the United States-Mexico border are impacted by challenges that are uniquely different for health care providers and patients compared to those seen in urban areas. Rural populations, on average, have relatively more elderly, unemployment and underemployment, and poor, uninsured, and underinsured residents. They are more vulnerable to economic downturns because of their economic specialization than their urban counterparts. The US-Mexico border is one of the busiest in the world, spanning 2,000 miles between California to Texas, with roughly 30% of the estimated 30 million residing in rural areas of the border. In June of 2008, the National Rural Health Association (NRHA) convened the first meeting towards implementing an NRHA Border Health Initiative, a partnership for addressing the access needs of rural communities in this vast region of the country. Since the start of the initiative, partnerships between the NRHA and federal, state, and community-based organizations have been established to help address border specific issues through advocacy, communications, education, and research. This presentation will highlight the challenges and opportunities along rural areas of the US-Mexico border and discuss some of the outcomes of the NRHA’s initiative that have developed over the last 11 years. Attendees can expect to 1) have a better understanding of specific health, population, and systemic issues occurring in this part of the country; 2) become familiar with some of the partners making an impact in this area; and 3) learn about recommendations for establishing progress.
Citation Format: Amy Elizondo. Border health overview: Challenges and opportunities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr IA09.
Abstract A28: DEAD-box RNA helicase DP103 enhances YAP sumoylation for YAP-TEAD dependence and statin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Lai Xianning , Wang Tingting , Tan Tuan Zea , Casey Patrick J , Hong Wanjin , Sudol Marius , Tergaonkar Vinay , Lee Soo Chin , Kumar Alan Prem 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Simvastatin (SMV), a lipophilic statin used for lowering cholesterol, inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the key enzyme of the mevalonate pathway. Studies have shown that cancer cells express deregulated level of HMGCR and statins exert antitumoral activities. We first assessed correlation between mevalonate pathway genes and DP103 (DDX20, Gemin-3) in 1,325 breast cancer patients and observed a positive correlation between DP103 and the mevalonate pathway genes. Having this data, we then proceeded to explore the effect of statins on DP103 expression. We used various in vitro cell lines and in vivo statin clinical trial patients’ specimens, mouse xenograft, mouse intravenous tail injection, and Drosophila (wild-type vs. Gemin-3 knockdown vs. Gemin-3 overexpression flies) models. We show exposure to statin decreases the expression of DP103. Through a series of add-back experiments, we show that the decrease in DP103 expression by statins is via the mevalonate pathway and downstream of RhoA. In clinical specimens, we observed breast cancer patients with high baseline DP103 positively correlate with high baseline YAP-TEAD expression. Having known that SUMOylation of YAP maintains its activity and that DP103 is a critical enhancer of the SUMOlyation machinery, we showed through a series of experiments that a physical interaction between DP103 and YAP is crucial for maintaining SUMOylation of YAP, thereby decreasing its ubiquitination and degradation. Interestingly, we also identified for the first time that DP103 is a direct target of YAP-TEAD complex and that maintenance of DP103 expression is needed as a positive feedback, forming an Achilles heel for sustained YAP-TEAD activity.
Citation Format: Xianning Lai, Tingting Wang, Tuan Zea Tan, Patrick J Casey, Wanjin Hong, Marius Sudol, Vinay Tergaonkar, Soo Chin Lee, Alan Prem Kumar. DEAD-box RNA helicase DP103 enhances YAP sumoylation for YAP-TEAD dependence and statin sensitivity in triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Hippo Pathway: Signaling, Cancer, and Beyond; 2019 May 8-11; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(8_Suppl):Abstract nr A28.
Abstract IA12: Targeting autopalmitoylation of TEAD transcription factors
Authors: Wu Xu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
TEAD transcription factors bind to the transcription co-activators YAP/TAZ and control the transcriptional output of the Hippo pathway. Deregulation of Hippo-YAP signaling is implicated in diverse human cancers; however, it remains difficult to directly target TEAD-YAP complex with small molecules. We previously reported that TEADs possess intrinsic “enzyme-like” activities and undergo autopalmitoylation. Palmitate binds into a deep hydrophobic pocket and is essential for TEAD protein stability and transcriptional activation. Here we report MGH-CP1 as a small-molecule inhibitor of TEAD autopalmitoylation. We determined the crystal structure of inhibitor-bound TEAD2 and showed that MGH-CP1 binds to the conserved lipid-binding pocket in TEAD2 and displaces palmitate binding. In cells, MGH-CP1 maintains TEAD stability and TEAD-Vgll4 repressor complex and allosterically inhibits TEAD-YAP association and YAP-induced transcriptional activation. Through a large-scale profiling of cancer cell line growth inhibition, followed by intersecting with the Cancer Dependence Map analysis, we demonstrate that the sensitivity to MGH-CP1 treatment correlates significantly with YAP-dependency in a broad range of human cancer cells. Furthermore, we show that MGH-CP1 blocks YAP-dependent liver overgrowth induced by liver-specific Lats1/2 deletion in mice and inhibits xenograft tumor growth of human uveal melanoma cells in vivo. Together, our work suggests pharmacologic inhibition of TEAD palmitoylation as a promising therapeutic strategy for diseases associated with deregulated Hippo signaling, and opens a door to target “autopalmitoylation” of proteins.
Citation Format: Xu Wu. Targeting autopalmitoylation of TEAD transcription factors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Hippo Pathway: Signaling, Cancer, and Beyond; 2019 May 8-11; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(8_Suppl):Abstract nr IA12.
Abstract A09: Activation of the CD45 receptor on leukocytes by the C24D peptide results in immune-mediated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma apoptosis
Authors: Mizrachi Aviram , Hikri Elad , Ritter Amit , Dick-Lipovetsky Julia , Simchi Sivan , Popovtzer Aron , Yerushalmi Rinat , Bachar Gideon , Raiter Anat 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives: CD45 is a highly conserved receptor-linked protein tyrosine phosphatase that is expressed on all leucocytes. C24D, a novel 24-amino acid dimer peptide, previously shown to activate immune-modulated breast cancer cell killing, binds to CD45, triggering leukocyte activation against cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of C24D in activating leukocytes against head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Methods: We performed a series of in vitro studies using 3 HNSCC cell lines (Cal33, FaDu, and A431). HNSCC cells were cocultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors and subsequently treated with either C24D peptide or a scrambled control version. C24D activity was evaluated by tumor cell density and apoptosis analysis. Leukocyte activation by the peptide was evaluated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) secretion.
Results: Cocultures of HNSCC cells and PBMCs treated with C24D resulted in a substantial decrease in tumor cell density and increased apoptosis. IFN-γ levels were significantly elevated in the C24D treated PBMCs cocultured with HNSCC, suggesting leukocyte activation.
Conclusions: C24D peptide activates leukocytes via CD45, causing immune cell-mediated killing of HNSCC cell lines.
Citation Format: Aviram Mizrachi, Elad Hikri, Amit Ritter, Julia Dick-Lipovetsky, Sivan Simchi, Aron Popovtzer, Rinat Yerushalmi, Gideon Bachar, Anat Raiter. Activation of the CD45 receptor on leukocytes by the C24D peptide results in immune-mediated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma apoptosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr A09.
Abstract A23: Transoral robotic surgery for primary oncologic resection: Outcomes from a rural academic medical center
Authors: Eisen Eric , Rees Christiaan , Magro Isabelle , LeClair Karissa , Paydarfar Joseph 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: to report the outcomes of oncologic transoral robotic surgery (TORS) performed by a single surgeon.
Study Design: Retrospective chart review.
Methods: All patients who underwent a TORS primary oncologic resection between the years of 2010-2018 were reviewed. Data regarding demographics, comorbidities, prior treatment, tumor characteristics, surgery, complications, adjuvant therapy, and survival were obtained.
Results: Sixty-four patients were included in the chart review with a median age of 60.8 years. Fifty patients were male and 17 were female. Average overall robotic operating time was 137.9 minutes. Forty-one cases were presented using the Da Vinci Si while 23 cases were performed using the Da Vinci Xi. There was no significant difference between these two groups with regards to operative time, complication rate, or survival. Average robotic operative times for tonsil and tongue base primaries were 151.3 and 112.1 minutes, respectively. The difference was approaching statistical significance (p=0.053). Forty-two patients underwent ligation of external carotid artery (ECA) branches whereas 23 patients did not. One major oropharyngeal bleeding complication occurred in a patient who did not receive ECA branch ligation, which resulted in death. No major bleeding complication occurred in the ligation cohort. There was no significant difference in the overall rate of complications between low ACE 27 and high ACE 27 individuals (p = 0.22). However, the number of reported complications is significantly greater in the high ACE 27 group relative to the low ACE 27 group (0.74 vs. 1.82, p = 0.016). There was no significant difference in survival between HPV+ and HPV- tumors.
Conclusion: Transoral robotic surgery represents a safe and effective means for resection of malignancies of the oropharynx. Although statistical significance cannot be demonstrated, ECA branch ligation should be considered prior to TORS given the severity of potential complications.
Citation Format: Eric Eisen, Christiaan Rees, Isabelle Magro, Karissa LeClair, Joseph Paydarfar. Transoral robotic surgery for primary oncologic resection: Outcomes from a rural academic medical center [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr A23.
Abstract B06: Repositioning the FDA-approved antiviral drug ribavirin as targeted therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Huq Sakibul , Casaos Joshua , Peters Michael , Xia Yuanxuan , Ding Andy , Morales Manuel , Gorelick Noah , Serra Riccardo , Zhao Tianna , Ishida Wataru , Perdomo-Pantoja Alexander , Cecia Arba , Ji Chenchen , Suk Ian , Sidransky David , Brait Mariana , Brem Henry , Skuli Nicolas , Tyler Betty 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous cell carcinoma that is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to poor disease-free and overall survival. Accumulating literature suggests that elevated protein expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), and inosine-5’-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH)—proteins implicated in myriad cancers—correlates with poor prognosis in NPC. These three proteins are modulated by the Food and Drug Administration-approved antiviral drug ribavirin, which has recently been repositioned by our laboratory and others as a promising anticancer agent. Based on this intersection of molecular signature and drug targets, we investigated the potential of ribavirin as a therapeutic agent for NPC.
Experimental Design: We assessed antineoplastic efficacy of ribavirin on six human NPC cell lines in vitro using cellular growth assays, flow cytometry, and scratch wound assays. Mechanistic pathways involved were investigated using genomic expression datasets, Western blots, and enzymatic activity assays. The effects of combining ribavirin with radiation were assessed using clonogenic assays and flow cytometry. Finally, we evaluated the effects of ribavirin on tumor growth in vivo using two human cell line-derived xenograft models.
Results: Ribavirin significantly decreased NPC cellular proliferation and migratory capacity in addition to promoting cell cycle arrest and cell death. Modulation of the EZH2, Snail, eIF4E, and IMPDH pathways was observed in response to ribavirin treatment. Ribavirin significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effects of radiation therapy in NPC. Most importantly, ribavirin significantly reduced flank tumor growth in two NPC xenograft models.
Conclusions: Our work suggests that ribavirin has potent anticancer effects in NPC and could represent a safe and promising addition to current NPC treatment regimens.
Citation Format: Sakibul Huq, Joshua Casaos, Michael Peters, Yuanxuan Xia, Andy Ding, Manuel Morales, Noah Gorelick, Riccardo Serra, Tianna Zhao, Wataru Ishida, Alexander Perdomo-Pantoja, Arba Cecia, Chenchen Ji, Ian Suk, David Sidransky, Mariana Brait, Henry Brem, Nicolas Skuli, Betty Tyler. Repositioning the FDA-approved antiviral drug ribavirin as targeted therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr B06.
Abstract B28: HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer: Knowledge and beliefs among staff at community-based HIV/AIDS service organizations (ASOs)
Authors: Tomar Aditi , Balcezak Hannah Catherine , Wigfall Lisa Tisdale 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study explores knowledge and beliefs about HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer among ASO staff (n=51) from five ASOs located in South Carolina (N=3/5 ASOs; N=30/51 staff) and Texas (N=2/5 ASOs; N=21/51 staff). ASO staff completed a 118-item, self-administered needs assessment survey. Data were analyzed using Stata/SE 15.1. ASO staff (n=51) were 78% non-Hispanic Black [mean age (years): 44.2 ± 12.8 SD]; range 21.6-68.2. More than half (59%) were females and predominantly heterosexual (61%). Most (67%) had at least an undergraduate degree, and 65% had more than five years of experience working with HIV-positive clients. Only 18% had ever looked for information about oropharyngeal cancer. Almost half (48%) were not sure about the role of HPV in causing oropharyngeal cancer, and fewer (31%) thought that the HPV vaccine is pretty/very successful in preventing oropharyngeal cancer. Over half (53%) did not think that a woman can do much to reduce her chances of getting HPV, and 60% believed the same for men. Very few (16%) thought of smoking as a risk factor for HPV-related health problems such as genital warts and cancer. A large proportion (73%) thought that quitting smoking can have a huge impact in lowering its harmful effects. People living with HIV (PLWH) are disproportionately affected by HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer. ASO staff play an instrumental role in educating their clients about HIV/AIDS-related health topics, and therefore fostering their knowledge and beliefs about HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer could help improve outcomes for PLWH.
Citation Format: Aditi Tomar, Hannah Catherine Balcezak, Lisa Tisdale Wigfall. HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer: Knowledge and beliefs among staff at community-based HIV/AIDS service organizations (ASOs) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr B28.
Abstract B30: Locoregional control in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients treated with radiotherapy using direct gross tumor volume to planning target volume expansion
Authors: Burr Adam R. , Harari Paul M. , Witek Matthew E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purposes/Objectives(s): To evaluate clinical outcomes and patterns of failure using a direct gross tumor volume to planning target volume expansion in patients treated for laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas.
Methods and Materials: We performed a retrospective review of patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas treated between 2002-2017 with primary radiotherapy with or without concurrent systemic therapy. Patient and disease characteristics associated with disease control and clinical outcomes were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Deformable image registration between imaging at the time of failure and the treatment planning scan was used to determine patterns of failure.
Results: Seventy-nine patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were identified with a median follow-up of 54 months among surviving patients. Overall survival at 5 years was 62.9% (95% CI: 51.1%-74.7%). Five-year primary tumor control was 71.6% (95% CI: 61.4%-81.8%) and regional control was 78.8% (95% CI: 68.4%-89.2%). A total of 28 patients experienced a locoregional recurrence, of whom 18 had treatment plans available. Of these, 89% (n=16) experienced failures that were 95% contained within the high-dose treatment volume. One patient failed in an intermediate-dose volume and 1 exhibited a marginal failure in the high-dose volume. There were no factors associated with overall survival or locoregional control on multivariate analysis.
Conclusion: Management of patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using definitive radiotherapy and a high-dose planning target volume created without a gross tumor volume to clinical tumor volume expansion resulted in high locoregional control, with the vast majority of failures occurring within the high-dose field. These data support prospective evaluation of this technique.
Citation Format: Adam R. Burr, Paul M. Harari, Matthew E. Witek. Locoregional control in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer patients treated with radiotherapy using direct gross tumor volume to planning target volume expansion [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr B30.