bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The acute muscular response to passive movement and blood flow restriction
Authors: Park Joonsun , Stanford Daphney M. , Buckner Samuel L. , Jessee Matthew B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeTo compare the acute effects of passive movement combined with blood flow restriction (PM + BFR) to passive movement (PM) or blood flow restriction alone (BFR).MethodsA total of 20 healthy participants completed: time control (TC), PM, BFR and PM + BFR (one per leg, over 2 days; randomized). For PM, a dynamometer moved the leg through 3 sets of 15 knee extensions/flexions (90° at 45°/second). For BFR, a cuff was inflated to 80% arterial occlusion pressure on the upper leg. Measurements consisted of anterior muscle thickness at 60% and 70% of the upper leg before and after (−0, −5 and −10 min) conditions, ratings of perceived effort and discomfort before conditions and after each set, and of the vastus lateralis during conditions. Data, presented as mean (SD), were compared using Bayesian RMANOVA, except for perceived effort and discomfort, which were compared using a Friedman's test (non‐parametric).Results60% (Δcm before‐after‐0: TC = 0.04 [0.09], PM = −0.01 [0.15], BFR = 0.00 [0.11], PM + BFR = 0.01 [0.22]) and 70% (Δcm before‐after‐0: TC = 0.01 [0.09], PM = −0.01 [0.15], BFR = 0.02 [0.11], PM + BFR = −0.03 [0.22]) muscle thickness did not change. Perceived effort was greater than TC following PM (p = .05) and PM + BFR (p = .001). Perceived discomfort was greater following BFR and PM + BFR compared to TC (all p ≤ .002) and PM (all p ≤ .010). Changes in deoxygenation (e.g. channel 1; ΔμM start set 1‐end set 3: TC = 0.9 [1.2], PM = −1.2 [1.9], BFR = 10.3 [2.7], PM + BFR = 10.3 [3.0]) were generally greater with BFR and PM + BFR (BFinclusion = 1.210e + 13).ConclusionAcute muscular responses to PM + BFR are not augmented over the effect of BFR alone.
Contemporary and future distributions of cobia, Rachycentron canadum
Authors: Crear Daniel P. , Watkins Brian E. , Saba Vincent S. , Graves John E. , Jensen Douglas R. , Hobday Alistair J. , Weng Kevin C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimClimate change has influenced the distribution and phenology of marine species, globally. However, knowledge of the impacts of climate change is lacking for many species that support valuable recreational fisheries. Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) are the target of an important recreational fishery along the U.S. east coast that is currently the subject of a management controversy regarding allocation and stock structure. Further, the current and probable future distributions of this migratory species are unclear, further complicating decision‐making. The objectives of this study are to better define the contemporary distribution of cobia along the U.S. east coast and to project potential shifts in distribution and phenology under future climate change scenarios.LocationChesapeake Bay and the U.S. east coast.MethodsWe developed a depth‐integrated habitat suitability model using archival tagging data from cobia that were caught and tagged in Chesapeake Bay during summer months and coupled those data with high‐resolution ocean models to project the contemporary and future distributions of cobia along U.S. east coast.ResultsDuring the winter months, suitable cobia habitat currently occurs in offshore waters off North Carolina and further south, whereas during the summer months, suitable habitat occurs in waters from Florida to southern New England. In warmer years, the availability of suitable habitat increases in northern latitudes. Under continued climate change over the next 40–80 years, suitable habitat is projected to shift northward and decrease over the shelf.Main conclusionsHabitat distributions suggest cobia overwinter offshore and could inhabit waters further north during warmer months, into state jurisdictions that do not have strict management regulations for cobia. When waters are warmer, distributions are projected to shift poleward and seasonal migrations may begin earlier. These results can inform resource allocation discussions between fishery managers and resource users.
Diagnosis of double‐chambered left ventricle using echocardiography
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wang Jing , Cao Yongli , Zheng Lin , Li Pei , Duan Xiaomin , Wang Fangyun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDouble‐chambered left ventricle (DCLV) is a particularly rare congenital cardiovascular malformation that is difficult to diagnose. It is characterized by the subdivision of the left ventricle into two chambers by an abnormal septum or muscle band. Here, we report 12 patients with DCLV. Differential diagnoses of DCLV include four other cardiac diseases, diverticulum, aneurysm, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and left ventricular noncompaction. Echocardiography plays an important role in the diagnosis of this rare condition and in differentiating it from other diseases.
Reciprocal interaction between striatal cholinergic and low‐threshold spiking interneurons — A computational study
Authors: Frost Nylén Johanna , Carannante Ilaria , Grillner Sten , Hellgren Kotaleski Jeanette 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe striatum is the main input stage of the basal ganglia receiving extrinsic input from cortex and thalamus. The striatal projection neurons (SPN) constitute 95% of the neurons in the striatum in mice while the remaining 5% are cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons. The cholinergic (ChIN) and low‐threshold spiking interneurons (LTS) are spontaneously active and form a striatal subnetwork involved in salience detection and goal‐directed learning. Activation of ChINs has been shown to inhibit LTS via muscarinic receptor type 4 (M4R) and LTS in turn can modulate ChINs via nitric oxide (NO) causing a prolonged depolarization. Thalamic input prefentially excites ChINs, whereas input from motor cortex favours LTS, but can also excite ChINs. This varying extrinsic input with intrinsic reciprocal, yet opposing, effects raises the possibility of a slow input‐dependent modulatory subnetwork. Here, we simulate this subnetwork using multicompartmental neuron models that incorporate data regarding known ion channels and detailed morphological reconstructions. The modelled connections replicate the experimental data on muscarinic (M4R) and nitric oxide modulation onto LTS and ChIN, respectively, and capture their physiological interaction. Finally, we show that the cortical and thalamic inputs triggering the opposing modulation within the network induce periods of increased and decreased spiking activity in ChINs and LTS. This could provide different temporal windows for selective modulation by acetylcholine and nitric oxide, and the possibility of interaction with the wider striatal microcircuit.
Digital Module 14: Planning and Conducting Standard Setting
Authors: Bunch Michael B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Michael Bunch provides an in‐depth, step‐by‐step look at how standard setting is done. It does not focus on any specific procedure or methodology (e.g., modified Angoff, bookmark, and body of work) but on the practical tasks that must be completed for any standard setting activity. Dr. Bunch carries the participant through every stage of the standard setting process, from developing a plan, through preparations for standard setting, conducting standard setting, and all the follow‐up activities that must occur after standard setting in order to obtain the approval of cut scores and translate those cut scores into score reports. The digital module includes a 120‐page manual, various ancillary files (e.g., PowerPoint slides, Excel workbooks, sample documents, and forms), links to datasets from the book Standard Setting (Cizek & Bunch, 2007), links to final reports from four recent large‐scale standard setting events, quiz questions with formative feedback, and a glossary.
Electron Microprobe/SIMS Determinations of Al in Olivine: Applications to Solar Wind, Pallasites and Trace Element Measurements
Authors: Paque Julie M. , Hofmann Amy E. , Burnett Donald S. , Guan Yunbin , Jurewicz Amy J.G. , Woolum Dorothy S. , Ma Chi , Rossman George R. 
Published: June 2020

Electron probe microanalyser measurements of trace elements with high accuracy are challenging. Accurate Al measurements in olivine are required to calibrate SIMS implant reference materials for measurement of Al in the solar wind. We adopt a combined EPMA/SIMS approach that is useful for producing SIMS reference materials as well as for EPMA at the ~ 100 µg g−1 level. Even for mounts not polished with alumina photoelectron spectroscopy shows high levels of Al surface contamination. In order to minimise electron beam current density, a rastered 50 × 100 µm electron beam was adequate and minimised sensitivity to small Al‐rich contaminants. Reproducible analyses of eleven SIMS‐cleaned spots on San Carlos olivine agreed at 69.3 ± 1.0 µg g−1. The known Al mass fraction was used to calibrate an Al implant into San Carlos. Accurate measurements of Al were made for olivines in the pallasites: Imilac, Eagle Station and Springwater. Our focus was on Al in olivine, but our technique could be refined to give accurate electron probe measurements for other contamination‐sensitive trace elements. For solar wind, it is projected that the Al/Mg abundance ratio can be determined to 6%, a factor of 2 more precise than the solar spectroscopic ratio.
A Real‐World Analysis of Patient Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Level of Impairment in Patients With Migraine Who are Insufficient Responders vs Responders to Acute Treatment
Authors: Lombard Louise , Ye Wenyu , Nichols Russell , Jackson James , Cotton Sarah , Joshi Shivang 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine if patients with migraine who responded sufficiently to acute treatment were significantly different from those who did not in terms of patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and patient level of impairment, and to identify characteristics associated with insufficient response.BackgroundMigraine is highly prevalent and impacts functional ability substantially. Current treatment approaches are not sufficiently meeting the needs of patients, and inadequate response to acute treatment is reported by at least 56% of patients with migraine in the United States.MethodsData were obtained from the 2014 Adelphi Migraine Disease‐Specific Program, a cross‐sectional survey. Using logistic regression, we assessed the association between patient factors and insufficient response. Responders were defined as patients with migraine who achieved pain freedom within 2 hours of acute treatment in ≥4 of 5 attacks, while insufficient responders achieved it in ≤3 of 5 attacks.ResultsOf 583 patients included, insufficient responders to acute treatment constituted 34.3% (200/583) of the study population. A statistically significantly larger proportion of insufficient responders vs responders had ≥4 migraine headache days/month (46.3% [88/190] vs 31% [114/368]), had ever been prescribed ≥3 unique preventive treatment regimens (11.7% [21/179] vs 6.3% [22/347]), and had chronic migraine, medication‐overuse headaches, and comorbid depression (all P values ≤.05). Patient level of impairment was statistically significantly greater among insufficient responders vs responders. Factors associated with insufficient response after adjusting for covariates included Migraine Disability Assessment total score (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04, 95% CI [1.02, 1.05]), time of administration of acute treatment (OR = 1.83, 95% CI [1.15, 2.92]), depression (OR = 1.98, 95% CI [1.21, 3.23]), sensitivity to light not listed as current most troublesome symptom (OR = 2.30, 95% CI [1.21, 4.37]), and change in the average headache days per month before being prescribed an acute treatment vs now (OR = 1.75, 95% CI [1.05, 2.90]).ConclusionsClinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and health‐related quality of life measures are statistically significantly different between insufficient responders and responders to acute treatment in patients with migraine.
High plant species richness and stable climate lead to richer but phylogenetically and functionally clustered avifaunas
Authors: Wang Na , Mao Lingfeng , Yang Xueting , Si Xingfeng , Wang Yanping , Eiserhardt Wolf L. , Feng Gang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsGlacial–interglacial climate stability and contemporary climate could affect bird diversity through their direct effects on diversification and physiological tolerance, and indirect effects on plant species richness, which could provide more food and ecological niches. This study aims to quantitatively assess the direct and indirect effects of these drivers on species richness, phylogenetic and functional structure of bird assemblages.LocationMainland China.TaxonBirds.MethodsOrdinary least squares models and simultaneous autoregressive models were used to test the associations between glacial–interglacial climate anomaly, contemporary climate, plant species richness, elevation range and species richness, phylogenetic structure, functional structure of bird assemblages in mainland China. Structural equation models were used to distinguish between direct and indirect effects of these variables on bird diversity.ResultsHigh bird species richness with phylogenetically and functionally clustered structure occurred in regions with more plant species and stable glacial–interglacial climate. Notably, the phylogenetically clustered bird assemblages were composed of young lineages. Contemporary precipitation and elevation range affected bird diversity through their indirect effects on plant species richness.Main ConclusionsThese findings suggest that more plant species and stable glacial–interglacial climate may promote bird diversity through their effects on in situ diversification and species dispersal rate in southwestern China. Therefore, the well‐preserved plant and bird diversity through the long‐term climate fluctuations should be of great importance of biodiversity conservation in China.
Association between interatrial block, left atrial fibrosis, and mechanical dyssynchrony: Electrocardiography‐magnetic resonance imaging correlation
Authors: Ciuffo Luisa , Bruña Vanesa , Martínez‐Sellés Manuel , de Vasconcellos Henrique Doria , Tao Susumu , Zghaib Tarek , Nazarian Saman , Spragg David D. , Marine Joseph , Berger Ronald D. , Lima Joao A. C. , Calkins Hugh , Bayés‐de‐Luna Antonio , Ashikaga Hiroshi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionAdvanced interatrial block (IAB) on a 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a predictor of stroke, incident atrial fibrillation (AF), and AF recurrence after catheter ablation. The objective of this study was to determine which features of IAB structural remodeling is associated with left atrium (LA) magnetic resonance imaging structure and function.Methods/ResultsWe included 152 consecutive patients (23% nonparoxysmal AF) who underwent preprocedural ECG and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in sinus rhythm before catheter ablation of AF. IAB was defined as P‐wave duration ≥120 ms, and was considered partial if P‐wave was positive and advanced if P‐wave had a biphasic morphology in inferior leads. From cine CMR and late gadolinium enhancement, we derived LA maximum and minimum volume indices, strain, LA fibrosis, and LA dyssynchrony. A total of 77 patients (50.7% paroxysmal) had normal P‐wave, 52 (34.2%) partial IAB, and 23 (15.1%) advanced IAB. Patients with advanced IAB had significantly higher LA minimum volume index (25.7 vs 19.9 mL/m2, P = .010), more LA fibrosis (21.9% vs 13.1%, P = .020), and lower LA maximum strain rate (0.99 vs 1.18, P = .007) than those without. Advanced IAB was independently associated with LA (minimum [P = .032] and fibrosis [P = .009]). P‐wave duration was also independently associated with LA fibrosis (β = .33; P = .049) and LA mechanical dyssynchrony (β = 2.01; P = .007).ConclusionAdvanced IAB is associated with larger LA volumes, lower emptying fraction, and more fibrosis. Longer P‐wave duration is also associated with more LA fibrosis and higher LA mechanical dyssynchrony.
Nocturnal hypertension in primary care patients with high office blood pressure: A regional study of the MAPAGE project
Authors: Zabawa Claire , Charra Clément , Waldner Anne , Morel Gilles , Zeller Marianne , Guilloteau Adrien , Mazalovic Katia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNocturnal hypertension (NH) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. We aimed to describe the frequency of NH among primary care hypertensive patients and to analyze NH determinants. This observational, cross‐sectional, multicenter study enrolled the patients of 23 general practitioners in Burgundy region, France. We included the first patient of the day with office blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg, whatever the reason for consultation. All included patients had 24‐hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Nocturnal hypertension was considered nighttime mean blood pressure ≥ 120/70 mm Hg, as per current guidelines. Medical, sociodemographic, and deprivation data were collected. Nocturnal hypertensive and non‐hypertensive patients were compared. The determinants of NH were identified using logistic regression models. From July 2015 to November 2018, 447 patients were analyzed. Mean office blood pressure was 158.6/91.5 mm Hg, and 255 patients (57.0%) were taking at least one antihypertensive drug. Among the 409 (91.5%) valid ABPM, 316 (77.3%) showed NH. In multivariate analyses, male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29‐3.75), first office diastolic blood pressure >100 mm Hg (OR = 5.71, 95% CI 1.53‐21.40), and current smoking (OR = 5.91, 95% CI 2.11‐16.56) were independent predictors of NH. Obesity was associated with a reduced risk of NH (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.25‐0.75). No association was found between deprivation status or sociodemographic factors and NH. To conclude, NH was identified in more than three out of four patients with high office blood pressure. Male smokers with high diastolic blood pressure were most affected by NH. ABPM may improve hypertension management in these patients.
Yes‐associated protein promotes tumour necrosis factor α–treated cementoblast mineralization partly by inactivating NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Zhang Lu , Sun Hualing , Zhang Jing , Song Fangfang , Huang Liyuan , Cao Zhengguo , Huang Cui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCementum regeneration, as one of the most difficult challenges of periodontal regeneration, is influenced by inflammatory factors. Inflammation may hamper or promote periodontal tissue repair under different circumstances, as it is found to do in dentin‐pulp complex and bone tissue. Our team demonstrated that YAP promotes mineralization of OCCM, a cementoblast cell line. However, the effect of YAP on its mineralization under inflammatory microenvironment is unclear. In this study, cementogenesis in vitro was up‐regulated after transient TNF‐α treatment for 30 minutes. YAP expression also was increased by TNF‐α treatment. YAP overexpression promoted OCCM mineralization after the cells were transiently treated with TNF‐α because YAP overexpression inhibited NF‐κB pathway activity, while YAP knockdown elevated it. The inhibited mineralization potential and activated NF‐κB pathway activity by YAP knockdown also were partly rescued by the application of the NF‐κB inhibitor Bay 11‐7082. These results demonstrated that YAP plays a positive role in the mineralization of TNF‐α transiently treated cementoblast, partly by inhibiting the NF‐κB pathway activity.
MeCP2 inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer via suppression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Jiang Wei , Liang Yan‐Ling , Liu Yang , Chen Yu‐Yan , Yang Shu‐Ting , Li Bi‐Rong , Yu Ying‐Xian , Lyu Yansi , Wang Rikang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMethyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is an important epigenetic regulator for normal neuronal maturation and brain glial cell function. Additionally, MeCP2 is also involved in a variety of cancers, such as breast, prostate, lung, liver and colorectal. However, whether MeCP2 contributes to the progression of breast cancer remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of MeCP2 in cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. We found that knockdown of MeCP2 inhibited expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related markers in breast cancer cell lines. In conclusion, our study suggests that MeCP2 inhibits proliferation and invasion through suppression of the EMT pathway in breast cancer.
Comparison of two different periodontal risk assessment methods with regard to their agreement: Periodontal risk assessment versus periodontal risk calculator
Authors: Petsos Hari , Arendt Susanne , Eickholz Peter , Nickles Katrin , Dannewitz Bettina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the level of agreement between the periodontal risk assessment (PRA) and the periodontal risk calculator (PRC).Materials and methodsPeriodontal risk was retrospectively assessed among 50 patients using PRA and PRC. Both methods were modified. PRA by assessing probing pocket depths and bleeding on probing at four (PRA4) and six (PRA6) sites per tooth, PRC by permanently marking or unmarking the dichotomously selectable factors “irregular recall,” “oral hygiene in need of improvement” and “completed scaling and root planing” for PRC. Agreement between PRA and PRCred (summarized risk categories) was determined using weighted kappa.ResultsFifty patients enrolled in periodontal maintenance (48% female, age: 63.8 ± 11.2 years) participated. PRA4 and PRA6 matched in 32 (64%) patients (κ‐coefficient = 0.48, p < .001). There was 100% agreement between both PRC versions. There was minimal agreement of PRA6 and PRCred (66%, 28% one different category, 6% two different categories; κ‐coefficient = 0.34; p = .001). PRA4 and PRCred did not match (60% agreement, 34% one different category, 6% two different categories; κ‐coefficient = 0.23; p = .13). For the SPT diagnosis of severe periodontitis, PRA6 and PRCred agreed weakly (κ‐coefficient = 0.44; p = .004).ConclusionPRA and PRC showed a minimal agreement. Specific disease severity may result in improved agreement.
Effects of adjunctive probiotic L. reuteri lozenges on S/RSD outcomes at molar sites with deep pockets
Authors: Pelekos Georgios , Acharya Aneesha , Eiji Nemoto , Hong Guang , Leung Wai Keung , McGrath Colman 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate effects of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) lozenges as an S/RSD adjunct on site‐level changes at molars with deep pockets.Materials and methods447 molar sites with pockets ≥ 5 mm from a previous randomized clinical trial of adjunctive L. reuteri lozenges for 28 days were analyzed. Multilevel mixed‐effect models (MLM) were constructed to analyze site‐level outcomes “change in CAL” and “pocket closure” (residual PPD < 5 mm) in placebo and probiotic groups at 90 and 180 days. Possible patient‐, tooth‐, and site‐level predictors were analyzed as fixed‐effects.ResultsEstimated change in CAL in probiotic (90 day: 0.87 mm, 180 day: 0.68 mm) was greater than placebo treated molar sites (90 day: 0.73 mm, 180 day: 0.66 mm) and the relative risk (RR) of pocket closure in the probiotic group (90 day: 1.7, 180 day: 1.6) was higher as compared to placebo. Furcation involvement and BOP at site predicted significantly worse treatment outcomes.ConclusionAs compared to S/RSD with placebo, a 28‐day course of adjunctive probiotic L. reuteri lozenges improved CAL change at molar sites with ≥ 5 mm deep pockets and conferred a higher probability of shallow residual pocket depth. Presence of furcation‐involvement and bleeding on probing worsened treatment outcomes.