bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive dysfunction and quality of life during pollen season in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: Papapostolou Georgia , Kiotseridis Hampus , Romberg Kerstin , Dahl Åslög , Bjermer Leif , Lindgren Magnus , Aronsson David , Tunsäter Alf , Tufvesson Ellen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis often gives rise to impaired quality of life and is believed to also affect cognitive function. We aimed to examine whether cognitive functions were impaired during grass pollen season in symptomatic allergic children and to relate the degree of impairment to quality of life and biomarkers related to stress and inflammation.MethodsForty‐three grass pollen‐allergic children (age 8‐17 years) with non‐satisfactory effect of medication (antihistamines and nasal steroids daily) during previous seasons were included. In addition, 26 matched non‐allergic children were included as controls. Both groups performed cognitive tests (CANTAB) and completed Quality of Life questionnaires outside and during the pollen season. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for stress and inflammatory biomarkers. Pollen level was measured daily.ResultsImpaired cognitive function was found in spatial working memory, where the allergic group made more errors compared to the non‐allergic group during pollen season, but not off‐season. No significant differences could be seen between the allergic group and the controls in the other tests investigating visual memory or attention. Quality of health questionnaires revealed more symptoms and impaired quality of life in allergic compared to non‐allergic children, and increased symptoms in allergic children were associated with longer reaction time for simple movement during pollen season. No differences in stress or inflammatory biomarkers could be found between the groups.ConclusionCognitive function was affected during pollen season in pollen‐allergic children, and the more symptoms the allergic children had, the longer the reaction time in the cognitive tests.
Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face with lingual mucosal neuromas associated with a PIK3CA mutation
Authors: Briand Clémence , Galmiche‐Rolland Louise , Vabres Pierre , Couloigner Vincent , Audebert Severine , Misery Laurent , Abasq‐Thomas Claire 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe report the case of a 5‐year‐old girl with congenital right‐sided facial hemihypertrophy and right hemi‐macroglossia with lingual mucosal neuromas. The segmental presentation of findings suggested the diagnosis of congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face (CILF), which belongs within the PIK3CA‐related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). This was confirmed by genetic analysis showing a mosaic mutation in PIK3CA H1047R. CILF/PROS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mucosal neuromas.
Epidermal necrolysis as the presenting manifestation of pediatric lupus
Authors: Bhattarai Dharmagat , Vignesh Pandiarajan , Chaudhary Himanshi , Bharadwaj Niteesh , Saini Lokesh , Gupta Kirti , Rawat Amit 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) represents the spectrum of skin lesions characterized by rashes, exfoliation, and sloughing usually following drug intake. Occasionally, TEN‐like cutaneous manifestations have also been described with systemic lupus erythematosus. Recognition of lupus in a child presenting with TEN‐like skin changes is clinically challenging and requires a high degree of suspicion. We describe the case of a child who had epidermal necrolysis as the presenting feature of lupus and had severe neurological complications. TEN‐like skin changes in association with severe neurological complications in pediatric lupus are uncommon. Lupus must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child presenting with epidermal necrolysis with no provocative risk factors such as a history of exposure to medications.
The Endogenous Tryptophan‐derived Photoproduct 6‐formylindolo[3,2‐b]carbazole (FICZ) is a Nanomolar Photosensitizer that Can be Harnessed for the Photodynamic Elimination of Skin Cancer Cells in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Justiniano Rebecca , de Faria Lopes Lohanna , Perer Jessica , Hua Anh , Park Sophia L. , Jandova Jana , Baptista Maurício S. , Wondrak Georg T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUV‐chromophores contained in human skin may act as endogenous sensitizers of photooxidative stress and can be employed therapeutically for the photodynamic elimination of malignant cells. Here, we report that 6‐formylindolo[3,2‐b]carbazole (FICZ), a tryptophan‐derived photoproduct and endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, displays activity as a nanomolar sensitizer of photooxidative stress, causing the photodynamic elimination of human melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. FICZ is an efficient UVA/Visible photosensitizer having absorbance maximum at 390 nm (ε = 9180 L mol−1 cm−1), and fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields of 0.15 and 0.5, respectively, in methanol. In a panel of cultured human squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma skin cancer cells (SCC‐25, HaCaT‐ras II‐4, A375, G361, LOX), photodynamic induction of cell death was elicited by the combined action of solar simulated UVA (6.6 J cm−2) and FICZ (≥10 nm), preceded by the induction of oxidative stress as substantiated by MitoSOX Red fluorescence microscopy, comet detection of Fpg‐sensitive oxidative genomic lesions and upregulated stress response gene expression (HMOX1, HSPA1A, HSPA6). In SKH1 “high‐risk” mouse skin, an experimental FICZ/UVA photodynamic treatment regimen blocked the progression of UV‐induced tumorigenesis suggesting feasibility of harnessing FICZ for the photooxidative elimination of malignant cells in vivo.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can ameliorate salt stress in Elaeagnus angustifolia by improving leaf photosynthetic function and ultrastructure
Authors: Liang B. B. , Wang W. J. , Fan X. X. , Kurakov A. V. , Liu Y. F. , Song F. Q. , Chang W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form symbiosis with Elaeagnus angustifolia, allowing this species to tolerate salt stress. However, the physiological mechanism through which AMF improve E. angustifolia tolerance is still unclear.

In this study, we examined E. angustifolia inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus irregularis (M) or inactivated inoculum (NM) under 0 and 300 mM NaCl stress for the determination of photosynthetic gas exchange, pigment content, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant capacity and chloroplast ultrastructural in leaves.

Photosynthetic gas exchange parameters in the leaves of M and NM decreased significantly under salt stress, while the M treatment significantly reduced the effect of salt stress compared with NM. Various chlorophyll components in the M treatment were two‐ to three‐fold higher than in NM, together with a much more complex chloroplast structure and higher number of plastoglobules. The total flavonoid and proline content in leaves of M increased significantly, while the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased significantly under salt stress. Chlorophyll fluorescence data also showed good PSII function in the M treatment, together with salt stress reduction of photochemical reactions and sharp enhancements in non‐photosynthetic quenching (NPQ). AMF inoculation ameliorated the inhibition on the actual PSII efficiency (ФPSII) and the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) by 10–15%.

Our results clearly demonstrate that R. irregularis can improve the salt tolerance of plants by improving leaf photosynthetic performance, PSII function, antioxidant capacity and leaf chloroplast ultrastructure, and that E. angustifolia inoculated with AMF could enhance saline soil rehabilitation.
Multiplex qPCR assay for simultaneous quantification of CYP51‐S524T and SdhC‐H152R substitutions in European populations of Zymoseptoria tritici
Authors: Hellin Pierre , Duvivier Maxime , Clinckemaillie Aurélie , Bataille Charlotte , Legrève Anne , Heick Thies M. , Jørgensen Lise N. , Andersson Björn , Samils Berit , Rodemann Bernd , Berg Gunilla , Kildea Steven 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDemethylation inhibitor (DMI) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides are currently relied upon for the control of septoria tritici blotch (STB) in European wheat fields. However, multiple mutations have occurred over time in the genes encoding the targeted proteins that have led to a practical loss of fungicide efficacies. Among the different amino acid substitutions in Zymoseptoria tritici associated with resistance to these fungicides, S524T in CYP51 (DMI target) and H152R in SdhC (SDHI target) are regarded as conferring the highest resistance factors to DMI and SDHI, respectively. To facilitate further studies on the monitoring and selection of these substitutions in Z. tritici populations, a multiplex allele‐specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay allowing for estimation of both allele frequencies in bulk DNA matrices was developed. The assay was then used on complex DNA samples originating from a spore trap network set up in Belgium, Denmark, Sweden, and Ireland in 2017 and 2018, as well as on leaf samples with symptoms. The S524T allele was present in all field samples and its proportion was significantly higher in Ireland than in Belgium, whereas the proportion of H152R was only sporadically present in both countries. The frequency of S524T varied greatly in the airborne inoculum of all four countries; however, the H152R allele was never detected in the airborne inoculum. The method developed in this study can be readily adopted by other laboratories and used for multiple applications including resistance monitoring in field populations of Z. tritici.
What Drives Successful Administrative Performance during Crises? Lessons from Refugee Migration and the Covid‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Schomaker Rahel M. , Bauer Michael W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic affects societies worldwide, challenging not only health sectors but also public administration systems in general. Understanding why public administrations perform well in the current situation—and in times of crisis more generally—is theoretically of great importance, and identifying concrete factors driving successful administrative performance under today's extraordinary circumstances could still improve current crisis responses. This article studies patterns of sound administrative performance with a focus on networks and knowledge management within and between crises. Subsequently, it draws on empirical evidence from two recent public administration surveys conducted in Germany in order to test derived hypotheses. The results of tests for group differences and regression analyses demonstrate that administrations that were structurally prepared, learned during preceding crises, and displayed a high quality in their network cooperation with other administrations and with the civil society, on average, performed significantly better in the respective crises.
Evidence for Practice

While practitioners often prefer centralized and hierarchical solutions in times of crisis, this study highlights the potential of reflexive and adaptive use of multiactor networks to cope with the extraordinary.
Administrations that are prepared and that display a high quality in their network cooperation with other administrations and with civil society, on average, performed significantly better in their respective crises.
Knowledge management and resource sharing—both among administrative units and with civil society—increase organizational ability to perform well in crisis situations.
Administrations do best when lessons learned in crises are accessibly stored and when previously successful crisis networks can be quickly revitalized, thus allowing for intercrisis learning—documentation of best practices during crises—via smart or traditional forms of data storing and organizational memory keeping—further boost the performance of administrations during succeeding crises.
In the early stages of a crisis, decision makers need to invest in organizational self‐awareness of how challenges are mastered and how insights about optimal coping are best passed on.
Contract Renewal in Urban Water Services, Incumbent Advantage, and Market Concentration
Authors: Albalate Daniel , Bel Germà , González‐Gómez Francisco , Picazo‐Tadeo Andrés J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractContract renewal with the incumbent is common practice in the contracting‐out of public services. It could, however, affect competition by reinforcing trends towards market concentration. This article contributes empirical evidence on the determinants of the result of public tenders for the renewal of private provision of urban water services. A dataset with information on 215 public tenders held in Spain between 2008 and 2019 is employed. The methodology is based on logistic regression techniques. The findings indicate that incumbent size does not play a role in the probability of alternation between service providers. Furthermore, competition (proxied by the number of bidders) and transparency in managing public tenders both increase the likelihood of alternation between providers. Lastly, the estimates suggest that larger municipality size and discretionary power of entrenched political parties might also play a role in favoring incumbent contract renewal.
What Is Behavioral Public Administration Good for?
Authors: Bertelli Anthony M , M. Riccucci Norma 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPublic administration has seen an influx of work addressing something that has been called “behavioral public administration (BPA)”; A hallmark of BPA is the examination of public administration from a micro‐level perspective with attention to the psychological aspects of human behavior. However, scholars of public administration have long applied a micro‐level lens to their research, even from a psychological standpoint. We argue here that the call for BPA is mainly an appeal for greater reliance on an analytical lens or research method, namely experimental designs. As argued here, however, little attention has been given to major drawbacks: experiments tend not to be theory driven, they overstate their importance to policy and management, and they fail to capture the significance of politics and institutions. If BPA is to be more than a passing fancy, the limits of experimentation must be reevaluated for public administration.
Elevating the Case for Leadership Development Programs: Return on Investment Evaluations
Authors: Abner Gordon , Valdez Bill , Perry James L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCompetent leadership is essential to helping achieve agency missions. While governments around the globe invest in leadership development, most struggle to calculate the return on their investment (ROI). The lack of ROI evaluations makes it difficult to maintain leadership development budgets during financial crises and political changes. In this article we outline three methods for assessing ROI for leadership development.
Microbial sensing by haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells: Vigilance against infections and immune education of myeloid cells
Authors: Sioud Mouldy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBone marrow haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) express pattern recognition receptors such as Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) to sense microbial products and activation of these innate immune receptors induces cytokine expression and redirects bone marrow haematopoiesis towards the increased production of myeloid cells. Secreted cytokines by HSPCs in response to TLR ligands can act in an autocrine or paracrine manner to regulate haematopoiesis. Moreover, tonic activation of HSPCs by microbiota‐derived compounds might educate HSPCs to produce superior myeloid cells equipped with innate memory responses to combat pathogens. While haematopoietic stem cell activation through TLRs meets the increased demand for blood leucocytes to protect the host against infection, persistent exposure to inflammatory cytokines or microbial products might impair their function and even induce malignant transformation. This review highlights the potential outcomes of HSPCs in response to TLR ligands.
Investigation of the interpersonal theory of suicide in the context of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology and suicide ideation
Authors: Triece Patricia A. , Oddo Lauren E. , Hill Ryan M. , Pettit Jeremy W. , Meinzer Michael C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe current study examines components of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide as mediators of the association between attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and suicide ideation in college students with elevated depressive symptoms. Specifically, indirect effects of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were simultaneously evaluated on the association between self‐reported ADHD symptoms and suicide ideation, controlling for gender and levels of depression.MethodParticipants were 217 college students with elevated depressive symptoms (Mage = 20.72 years old; SD = 3.74) who participated in a larger study on mood and well‐being. The sample was predominantly female (77.9% female) and Hispanic (72.7%).ResultsIn a multivariate mediation model controlling for gender and depressive symptoms, there were significant indirect effects of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness on the association between self‐reported ADHD symptoms and suicide ideation.ConclusionPerceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness may represent promising targets for preventing suicide ideation in individuals with elevated ADHD symptoms.
Judicial Performance and Trust in Legal Systems: Findings from a Decade of Surveys in over 20 European Countries
Authors: Magalhães Pedro C. , Garoupa Nuno 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveDetermining the existence of a relationship between judicial performance and citizens’ trust in the legal system.MethodCross‐classified multilevel models, using data from more than 20 European countries, 80 surveys, and 100,000 respondents, over a decade.ResultsThe longer the time that lower courts take, on average, to dispose of pending cases, the lower is the public's trust in their legal system.ConclusionJudicial performance, operationalized as the ability of courts to avoid delays in the delivery of justice, is a significant correlate of citizens’ evaluations of their country's legal system.
Effects of alternative treatments—An EDA team project in high schools
Authors: Warstat Selina , Proemmel Andreas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractScientific statistical working in a team is a special challenge for students in high schools, especially with a civic statistical problem. Ideally, they are following the PPDAC cycle: they formulate a problem together, plan an investigation, collect the data, use software to analyze the data, and formulate results in a seminar paper. This article is written jointly by a student and a computer science teacher involved in the project, offering insights from both perspectives.
New blood‐borne virus infections among organ transplant recipients: An Australian data‐linked cohort study examining donor transmissions and other HIV, hepatitis C and hepatitis B notifications, 2000‐2015
Authors: Waller Karen M. J. , De La Mata Nicole L. , Hedley James A. , Rosales Brenda M. , O'Leary Michael J. , Cavazzoni Elena , Ramachandran Vidiya , Rawlinson William D. , Kelly Patrick J. , Wyburn Kate R. , Webster Angela C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundBlood‐borne viral infections can complicate organ transplantation. Systematic monitoring to distinguish donor‐transmitted infections from other new infections post transplant is challenging. Administrative health data can be informative. We aimed to quantify post‐transplant viral infections, specifically those transmitted by donors and those reactivating or arising new in recipients.MethodsWe linked transplant registries with administrative health data for all solid organ donor‐recipient pairs in New South Wales, Australia, 2000‐2015. All new recipient notifications of hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) after transplant were identified. Proven/probable donor transmissions within 12 months of transplant were classified using an international algorithm.ResultsOf 2120 organ donors, there were 72 with a viral infection (9/72 active, 63/72 past). These 72 donors donated to 173 recipients, of whom 24/173 already had the same infection as their donor, and 149/173 did not, so were at risk of donor transmission. Among those at risk, 3/149 recipients had proven/probable viral transmissions (1 HCV, 2 HBV); none were unrecognized by donation services. There were no deaths from transmissions. There were no donor transmissions from donors without known blood‐borne viruses. An additional 68 recipients had new virus notifications, of whom 2/68 died, due to HBV infection.ConclusionThis work confirms the safety of organ donation in an Australian cohort, with no unrecognized viral transmissions and most donors with viral infections not transmitting the virus. This may support targeted increases in donation from donors with viral infections. However, other new virus notifications post transplant were substantial and are preventable. Data linkage can enhance current biovigilance systems.
Naturally occurring point mutation Cys460Trp located in the I‐EGF1 domain of integrin β3 alters the binding of some anti‐HPA‐1a antibodies
Authors: Holzwarth Sarah Theresa , Bayat Behnaz , Zhu Jieqing , Phuangtham Roongaroon , Fischer Lars , Boeckelmann Doris , Röder Lida , Berghöfer Heike , Schmidt Silke , Bein Gregor , Santoso Sentot 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundFetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is caused by the destruction of platelets in the fetus or newborn by maternal platelet alloantibodies, mostly against human platelet antigen (HPA)‐1a. Recent studies indicate that two anti‐HPA subtypes exist: Type I reacts with epitopes residing on the plexin‐semaphorin‐integrin (PSI) and type II with plexin‐semaphorin‐integrin/integrin epidermal growth factor 1 (I‐EGF1) domains of the β3 integrin. Here, we evaluated whether a Cys460Trp mutation in the I‐EGF1 domain found in a patient with Glanzmann thrombasthenia can alter the binding of anti‐HPA‐1a.MethodsStable HEK293 cell lines expressing wild‐type and mutant αIIbβ3 and αvβ3 were generated to prove the reactivity of different antibodies against HPA‐1a.ResultsFlow cytometry analysis of wild‐type (Cys460) and mutant (Trp460) expressed on HEK293 cells showed equal surface expression of αIIbβ3 and αvβ3. When tested with mutant αIIbβ3 cells, reduced binding was observed in Type II but not in Type I anti‐HPA‐1a. These results could be confirmed with platelets carrying Cys460Trp mutation. Interestingly, reduced binding of Type I antibodies was detected with mutant αvβ3 cells. Both antibody types were found in maternal sera from FNAIT cases by an antigen‐capture assay with use of HEK293 transfected cells.ConclusionsThese observations confirm the existence of Type I and Type II anti‐HPA‐1a. Furthermore, this study underlines different immunogenicity of HPA‐1a antigen(s) residing on either αIIbβ3 or αvβ3. Further analysis of FNAIT cases from mothers having a fetus with and without intracranial bleedings with use of such an approach may highlight the functional relevance of different anti‐HPA‐1a subtypes.