bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppressive phenotype of esophagus tumors stroma
Authors: Gratchev Alexei , Kovaleva Olga V. , Rashidova Madina A. , Samoilova Daria V. , Mochalnikova Valeria V. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Tumor associated macrophages and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes contribute significantly to the development of immunosuppressive properties of tumor. In this study we performed immunohistochemical analysis of immune cells of esophageal tumors stroma.
Methods

Paraffin‑embedded tissue specimens from 48 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients were retrospectively collected for immunohistochemical analysis of stromal cells. For staining of macrophages, CD68, CD163, CD206, PU.1 and iNOS were used. For T-cells detection CD8, CD3, FOXP3 were used. As well we performed staining for PD-L1 that can be expressed on tumor associated macrophagesand tumor cells. Clinicopathological and survival data were collected and analyzed using the χ2 and Fisher exact tests, Kaplan–Meier curves, and the log‑rank test. The correlation analysis was performed with Spearman correlation coefficient.
Results

The level of CD206 expression was associated with histological grade (p = 0.034), FOXP3 expression was associated with sex and age (p = 0.041, p = 0.003 respectively) and iNOS expression was associated with the disease stage (p = 0.044). In addition, FOXP3 and CD163 appeared to be markers of good prognosis (HR = 0.5407, p = 0.0462; HR = 0.4447, p = 0.0456 respectively). Significant association between PU.1 + and CD68 + macrophages (r = 0.752; P = 0.000) and between PU.1 + and CD163 + macrophages (r = 0.585; P = 0.000) was established, positive association between PU.1 and CD206 expression was also observed (r = 0.424; P = 0.001).
Conclusions

Large amounts of CD163 + macrophages and FOXP3+ Т-cells appear to be markers of good prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The number of PU.1 + macrophages strongly correlate with the number of CD68 + macrophages therefore usage of PU.1 as a potential macrophage marker can be recommended esophageal tumors.
Analysis of Cranial Type Characteristics in Term Infants: A Multi-center Study
Authors: Wang Yang , Bin Hu , Jianping Chen , Wenzhi Shen , Chengju Wang , Qin Chang , Wenzao Li , Fuxiang Qu , Qiuming Pan , Yuping Zhang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Positional head deformity (PHD) is defined as a change in the shape of a baby's skull due to external force. In certain cases, it can lead to cosmetic deformities or even neurological issues due to its impact on the developing nervous system. We therefore conducted this study to investigate the incidence and characteristics of PHD in term infants in China and preliminarily establish a localized diagnostic reference standard. Methods: Overall, 4456 term infants from three medical institutions in Chongqing were recruited and divided according to age groups. Cranial vault asymmetry (CVA) and cephalic index (CI) were calculated in all infants. The current international diagnostic criteria were used to understand PHD incidence and analyze their CVA and CI distribution. Results: According to the current international standards, the total detection rate of PHD in Chongqing’s term infants was 81.5%, with brachycephaly alone being the most frequent (39.4%), followed by brachycephaly with plagiocephaly (34.8%), and plagiocephaly alone (6.2%). The detection rates of dolichocephaly were low: alone, 0.9% and combined with plagiocephaly, 0.2%. According to age, plagiocephaly (44.5%) and brachycephaly (82.0%) were most frequent in the 2-3-month group. The 75th/90th/97th percentiles and 3rd/10th/25th/75th/90th/97th percentiles of CVA and CIs were 0.4/0.7/1.0 and 76.4/78.8/82.3/91.1/94.6/99.2%, respectively. Conclusion: According to the current international standards, the PHD detection rate among term infants in Chongqing was high. Therefore, a new diagnostic standard for Chinese infants was proposed. CVA ≥0.4 cm indicates plagiocephaly. CI ≥91% indicates brachycephaly. CI ≤82% indicates dolichocephaly.
Integrative bioinformatics analysis for identification of hub genes and pathways responsible for early pathogenesis of retinoblastoma
Authors: Karmakar Aditi , Khan Md. Maqsood Ahamad , Kumari Nidhi , Kumar Senthil 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most common childhood malignancy in which intra-ocular tumors developed at a very young age. It is very crucial to detect Rb at an earlier stage and start appropriate therapy to prevent further metastasis. With the recent advancement of multi-omics analysis of microarray data and sophisticated bioinformatics tools, we could possibly identify potential early diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for retinoblastoma.
Methods

Microarray datasets (DNA methylation-GSE57362, miRNA-GSE7072, & mRNA-GSE110811) were utilized from NCBI-GEO. The GEO2R were employed to discover Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in Retinoblastoma. Further, an integrated analysis of these genes was performed and a co-expression network was formed to identify hub genes. GEPIA server was used to validate these genes which are responsible for the progression of retinoblastoma.
Results

Differentially expressed genes were identified on the basis of P-value ≤ 0.05 and log2fc ≥ 2. In GSE57362 a total no of 267 genes methylated status, in GSE7072 a total no. of 265 gene targets of miRNAs and in GSE110811 a total no. of 770 genes were shown to be differentially expressed. Further, 10 hub genes, 5 bottleneck genes, and 3 common genes were identified by constructing the co-expression network. Survival analysis was done to validate the identified candidate genes using the GEPIA web server. Pathway enrichment analysis and gene ontology demonstrated that these genes were mostly enriched in biological processes such as regulation of cell proliferation and involved in multiple pathways like p53 pathway, cell cycle, and apoptosis.
Conclusion

This study suggested that these hub genes possibly will play vital roles in the onset and progression of retinoblastoma and could be serve as potential biomarkers to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in the future.
HKDC1 Promotes the Tumorigenesis and Glycolysis in Lung Adenocarcinoma via AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Lu Qijue , Zhao Yue , Fei Xiang , Chen Jianglong , Lu Chaojing , Li Chunguang , Chen Hezhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Hexokinase domain component 1 (HKDC1) belongs to the fifth hexokinase, which plays an oncogenic role in lymphoma, liver cancer, and breast cancer, as reported. However, its biological functions in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not been studied. Methods: We applied bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and a series of functional assays in vitro and in vivo to investigate the roles of HKDC1 in LUAD. Results: We discovered that HKDC1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues and cell lines, and the positive expression of HKDC1 was correlated with aberrant clinicopathological characteristics in LUAD patients. Besides, HKDCI could be served as a prognostic predictor for LUAD patients. Overexpression of HKDC1 promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, glycolysis, EMT and tumorgenicity, whereas knockdown of HKDC1 produced the opposite functional effect. Mechanistically, HKDC1 could regulate the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway to perform its biological function. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that HKDC1 plays an oncogenic role in LUAD. Targeting this gene may provide a promising therapeutic target to delay LUAD progress.
Evaluating the Performance of Diagnostic methods for soil transmitted helminths against the “Gold” standard in the Amhara National Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Niguse Abebe Fenta , Hailu Tadesse , Alemu Megbaru , Nibret Endalkachew , Amor Arancha , Munshea Abaineh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background : Soil-transmitted helminths are more prevalent in tropics and sub-tropics including Ethiopia. Despite their high prevalence, direct saline microscopy with its low sensitivity has been used as a diagnostic method in almost all health facilities in Ethiopia. Alternative diagnostic methods which have higher sensitivity are not yet implemented. Therefore, this study aimed to compare and evaluate the performance of diagnostic methods for soil transmitted helminths against the “Gold” standard.Methods : A cross-sectional study among 520 school children was conducted from October to December, 2019 in Amhara National Regional State. The study participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Stool samples were processed via formol ether concentration, Kato-Katz, spontaneous tube sedimentation and agar plate culture techniques. Data was entered in to Epi-data version 3.1 and analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value were calculated against combined result as “Gold” standard. Strength of agreement of the diagnostic methods was determined by Kappa value.Results: The Overall prevalence of soil transmitted helminths was 40.8% using combination of methods. The prevalence 24.4%, 22.5%, and 32.4%, respectively was recorded by using formol ether concentration, Kato-Katz and spontaneous tube sedimentation. The highest prevalence of hookworm (29.2%) was detected by the agar plate culture. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of formol ether concentration were 57.9 % and 78.4%, for Kato-Katz thick smear 55.2% and 76.4%, for spontaneous tube sedimentation were 79.2% and 87.5% to soil transmitted helminths detection, respectively. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of agar plate culture to hookworm detection were 86.4% and 93.5%, respectively.Conclusion: Spontaneous tube sedimentation shows higher sensitivity in the detection of soil transmitted helminths infections. Agar plate culture method also indicated better performance for hookworm detection than other methods. Therefore, the employment of STS technique as a confirmatory test in routine laboratory and APC in research purpose will significantly aid in accurate diagnosis of parasitic infections in school children.
Incidence and consequences of systemic arterial thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Cantador Estefanía , Núñez Alberto , Sobrino Pilar , Espejo Victoria , Fabia Lucía , MD  , MD  , MD F PhD Javier Botas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A high incidence of thrombotic events, particularly deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, has been clearly documented in COVID-19 patients. In addition, small series of patients with coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial thrombotic events have also been reported, but their true incidence and consequences are not well described, and constitute the objective of this study. From February 1st to April 21st, 2020, 2,115 COVID-19 patients were treated at Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón (Madrid, Spain), and 1,419 were eventually admitted. Patient characteristics and outcomes were collected by reviewing their electronic medical records. Fourteen patients had a systemic arterial thrombotic event, which represents a 1% incidence in relation to the total number of hospitalized patients. Three patients suffered an acute coronary syndrome, two with persistent ST-segment elevation, one of whom was treated invasively, and one with transient ST-segment elevation. Eight patients had a cerebrovascular event. Six suffered an acute ischemic stroke and two a transient ischemic attack, 50% of them had a Rankin score ≥3 at discharge. Three additional patients had a limb thrombotic event, all of them infrapopliteal, and were managed conservatively. All three cases developed necrosis of the toes, two of them with bilateral involvement. The hospitalization death rate of patients with an arterial event was 28.6%. Although COVID-19 may favor the occurrence of thrombotic events, the destabilization and thrombosis of arterial atherosclerotic plaques do not seem to be a frequent mechanism which warrants the need for specific systematic preventive measures.
The analgesic evaluation of gabapentin for arthroscopy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Huang Feiri , Yang Hifan , Su Zhongliang , Gao Xiaosheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction:
The efficacy of gabapentin for pain management of arthroscopy remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of gabapentin versus placebo on the postoperative pain intensity of arthroscopy.
Methods
We search PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through April 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of gabapentin versus placebo on pain control of arthroscopy. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.
Results
Five RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for arthroscopy, gabapentin remarkably decreases pain scores at 24 h (Std. MD=-0.68; 95% CI=-1.15 to -0.02; P = 0.21), analgesic consumption (Std. MD=-18.24; 95% CI=-24.61 to -11.88; P < 0.00001), nausea and vomiting (OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.21 to 0.84; P = 0.01), but has no obvious influence on pain scores at 6 h (Std. MD=-1.30; 95% CI=-2.92 to 0.31; P = 0.11) or dizziness (OR = 1.12; 95% CI = 0.56 to 2.24; P = 0.75).
Conclusions
Gabapentin is effective for pain control after arthroscopy.
Low Post-Arthroplasty Infection Rate is Possible in Developing Countries: Long-Term Experience of Local Vancomycin Use From A High-Volume Tertiary Knee Center in Iran
Authors: Tahmasebi Mohammad Naghi , Vosoughi Fardis , Vaziri Arash Sharafat , Tahami Mohamad , Khalilizad Majid , Rabie Hamid 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Significant research has been carried out for prevention and also early detection of post-TKA infections. Regarding prevention, utilizing intrawound vancomycin powder in TKA surgery has yielded rather contrasting results in the pertinent literature. Regarding early detection, CDC criteria, although effective in general, are not specifically designed for post-TKA infections. Here, we present a 7-year experience of primary TKA in a high-volume tertiary knee center in Iran, during which intrawound vancomycin powder was used as a routine practice at the end of TKA surgeries. Also, new criteriae are proposed to detect suspected superficial post-TKA infections. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of primary total knee arthroplasties performed in a tertiary knee center, from March 2011 to December 2018, by a single senior knee surgeon. All patients with follow-up periods of less than one year were excluded from the study. All patient received vancomycin (powder, 1gr) before water-tight closure of the joint capsule. Results: Altogether, 1710 patients were included in the study. Patients were mostly women (male to female ratio: 1 to 4), with a mean age of 64.99 (SD=11.49) years. The overall infection rate was 2.16% (37 of 1710 patients), including 5 periprosthetic deep joint infections and 32 suspected superficial wound infections. Of the 32 suspected superficial infections that were treated with a one-week course of oral antibiotics, all reported disappearance of symptoms, but 2 cases returned with late deep infection. All in all, 7 patients (0.41%) underwent two-stage knee arthroplasty due to deep joint infections. Conclusions: Our experience shows that by utilizing intrawound vancomycin for 7 years as a routine practice along with other measures, we were able to reach relatively low rates of deep post-TKA infections. Howbeit, randomized controlled trials are required to clarify the effect of intrawound vancomycin on post-TKA infection rate.
An Ultrasensitive Immunoassay Strip for Simultaneously Detectingcyproheptadinehydrochloride and Six Phenothiazinesin Feedstuffs Based on a Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Chen changjun , Gao Xianlei , Li Hao , Pan Xin , Wang Songgang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Kümmell disease usually occurs in the elderly osteoporosis population and develops gradually into symptomatic, progressive kyphosis of the spine. Several alternative surgical procedures, including vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and osteotomy, can be chose for the treatment of the disease. However, current surgical methods to deal with stage III Kümmell disease are less satisfying.Method: Amodified technique of intravertebral insertion of interbody fusion cage with posterior spine stabilization was applied to treat stage III Kümmell disease.Results:This study details a modified technique applied in a patient with stage III Kümmell disease, showing significant improvement in pain relief, anterior column height recovery, and kyphotic angle correction. And nocomplications was reported during ourfollow-up.Conclusions: Intravertebral insertion of interbody fusion cage via transpedicular approach provides advantages of acceptable correctionof kyphosis, bony fusion, minimal invasion. Thus, our method was a good alternative choice for stage III Kümmell disease.
Test anxiety and emotion regulation among undergraduate medical students in China: the mediating role of psychological resilience
Authors: Liu Yquguo , Pan Haiyan , Yang Runhuang , Wang Xingjie , Rao Jiawei , Zhang Xingshan , Pan Congcong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Medical students experience a considerable amount of anxiety due to exams. Emotion regulation and psychological resilience are established protective factors of individual mental health, however, the investigations for the effects of anxiety were limited. The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship of psychological resilience and emotion regulation with test anxiety and the associated factors of them among medical students. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, a simple random sampling methods was used to select the participants. Information from a sample of 1266 medical students was collected by self-reporting questionnaires. Logistic regression was applied to test the associations between test anxiety and emotion regulation, resilience. Bootstrap were conducted to explore the mediating role of resilience. Results: Our important results were that the prevalence of problematic test anxiety among medical students to be 71.4%, 33.7% was high test anxiety. Gender and academic performance correlated significantly with test anxiety, emotion regulation, and psychological resilience. There were correlations between test anxiety and various dimensions of emotion regulation and psychological resilience ( P<0.01 ). Emotion regulation and psychological resilience predicted emerging test anxiety. The mediating role of psychological resilience was identified for the effects of emotion regulation on test anxiety. Conclusions: Findings suggest that emotion regulation affected test anxiety through psychological resilience, which may provide insights for clinical psychologists, raise their awareness of the importance of cultivating and improving medical students' psychological resilience, and prompt them to offer psychological support to students with test anxiety as early as possible. The combination of curing and self-healing can solve the root cause of the problem and truly apply psychological research to improving the mental health of the general public. Keywords: Psychological resilience, Test anxiety, Emotion regulation, Medical student
VALD-3, a Schiff base Ligand Synthesized from O-Vanillin Derivatives, Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting The Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Li Hongling , Dang Chunyan , Tai Xiaohui , Xue Li , Meng Yuna , Ma Shuping , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Schiff base compounds and their metal complexes have become important synthetic organic drugs due to their extensive biological activities, which include anticancer, antibacterial and antiviral effects. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of VALD-3, a Schiff base ligand synthesized from o-vanillin derivatives, on human breast cancer cells and the possible underlying mechanisms.Methods: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)-test was used to observe the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells induced on VALD-3. The effects of VALD-3 on the cell cycle were analyzed in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by PI single staining. Hoechst 33258 staining was performed to determine if VALD-3 induced apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and Annexin V/PI staining was performed to quantify the percentages of apoptosis. The expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and anti-apoptotic proteins in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was investigated by Western blotting. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways were also examined. The antitumor activity and survival analysis of VALD-3 in vivo was determined by the nude mice xenograft assay.Results: Flow cytometry analysis showed that VALD-3 triggered cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Western blot analysis revealed that VALD-3 upregulated pro-apoptotic proteins (Bad and Bax), downregulated anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, survivin and XIAP) and increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8, Cyto-c and cleaved PARP. VALD-3 also regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells, inhibiting the activation of downstream molecules. By xenografting human breast cancer cells into nude mice, we found that VALD-3 significantly suppressed tumor cell growth while showing low toxicity against major organs. In addition, survival analysis results showed that VALD-3 can significantly prolong the survival time of mice (P=0.036).Conclusion: This study is the first to show that VALD-3 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, indicating that it could be a potential drug for the treatment of breast cancer.