bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT LUPUS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR
Authors: Hidayat Thofik , Nasution Hanifah Nur , Nasution Sari Wahyuni Rozi , Fauzi Rahmad 
Published: January 2020

Penyakit lupus ialah merupakan suatu jenis penyakit daya tahan organ tubuh, atau penyakit auto imun yang akan menyerang sebagian organ tubuh. Diagnosa awal oleh medis penyakit lupus dapat membantu para pasien berguna mengantisipasi penyakit lainnya yang lebih parah. Suatu Sistem pakar yang akan dapat diterjemahkan berupa sistem berbasis komputerisasi yang akan menggunakan pengetahuan,berbagai fakta, dan teknik cara penalaran dalam memecahkan suatu masalah yang hanya akan dipecahkan oleh seorang pakar ahli dalam bidang itu sendiri.Penggunaan Aplikasi sistem pakar dapat membantu dalam mendiagnosa awal penyakit lupus. Faktor kepastian (Certainty Factor) yang diusulkan oleh Shortliffe dan Buchanan pada tahun 1975 untuk mengakomadasi ketidakpastian pemikiran (inexact reasoning) seorang pakar. Certainty Factor (CF) menunjukkan ukuran kepastian terhadap suatu fakta atau aturan. penerapan metode ini ke dalam sistem pakar diharapkan mampu memberikan solusi praktis untuk mendiagnosa penyakit lupus secara dini.
Formation process of sub-micrometer-sized metasomatic platinum-group element-bearing sulfides in a Tahitian harzburgite xenolith
Authors: Akizawa Norikatsu , Kogiso Tetsu , Miyake Akira , Tsuchiyama Akira , Igami Yohei , Uesugi Masayuki 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTBase-metal sulfides (BMSs) are minerals that host platinum-group elements (PGE) in mantle peridotites and significantly control the bulk PGE content. They have been investigated in detail down to the sub-micrometer scale to elucidate PGE behavior in the Earth's interior. Base-metal sulfides are supposedly subjected to supergene and seawater weathering, leading to the redistribution of PGEs at low temperatures. Careful and thorough measurements of BMSs are thus required to elucidate PGE behavior in the Earth's interior.In the present study, a sub-micrometer-sized PGE-bearing sulfide inclusion in a clinopyroxene crystal in a harzburgite xenolith from Tahiti (Society Islands, French Polynesia) was investigated in detail (down to the sub-micrometer scale) using transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). The sulfide inclusion is of carbonatitic metasomatic origin, as it is enveloped by carbonaceous glass, and forms a planar inclusion array with other PGE-bearing sulfide inclusions. The following sulfide phases were identified using TEM-EDS: Fe- and Ni-rich monosulfide solid solutions (MSSs), Fe- and Ni-rich pentlandite, sugakiite, heazlewoodite, chalcopyrite, and Cu-Ir-Pt-Rh-thiospinel (cuproiridsite–malanite–cuprorhodsite). We established the formation process of the metasomatic PGE-bearing sulfide inclusion by considering morphological and mineral characteristics in addition to the chemical composition. A primary MSS first crystallized from metasomatic sulfide melt at ca. 1000 °C, followed by the crystallization of an intermediate solid solution (ISS) below 900 °C. A high-form (high-temperature origin) Fe-rich pentlandite simultaneously crystallized with the primary MSS below ca. 850 °C and recrystallized into a low-form (low-temperature origin) Fe-rich pentlandite below ca. 600 °C. The primary MSS decomposed to Fe- and Ni-rich MSSs, low-form Ni-rich pentlandite, sugakiite, and heazlewoodite. The ISS decomposed to chalcopyrite below ca. 600 °C. Meanwhile, a Cu-Ir-Pt-Rh-thiospinel crystallized directly from the evolved Cu-rich sulfide melt below ca. 760 °C. Thus, Ir, Pt, and Rh preferentially partitioned into the melt phase during the crystallization process of the metasomatic sulfide melt. Metasomatic sulfide melts could be a significant medium for the transport and condensation of Pt together with Ir and Rh during the fractionation process in the Earth's interior. We hypothesize that the compositional variability of PGEs in carbonatites is due to the separation of sulfide melt leading to the loss of PGEs in the carbonatitic melts.
Lumsdenite, NaCa3Mg2(As3+V4+2V5+10As5+6O51)·45H2O, a new polyoxometalate mineral from the Packrat mine, Mesa County, Colorado, USA
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Hughes John M. , Nash Barbara P. , Marty Joe , Rose Timothy P. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Lumsdenite (IMA 2018–092), ideally NaCa3Mg2(As3+V4+2V5+10As5+6O51)·45H2O, is a rare new polyoxometalate mineral from the Packrat mine, Gateway district, Mesa County, Colorado, USA. Crystals of lumsdenite occur as blades up to 0.2 mm in length, commonly growing in sprays. The crystals are dark green blue, with a green-blue streak. The mineral occurs on asphaltum, associated with montroseite- and corvusite-bearing sandstone. Other secondary minerals found in close association with lumsdenite are gypsum, huemulite, rösslerite, and at least two other potentially new minerals. Lumsdenite is optically biaxial (–), with α 1.617(2), β 1.651(5), and γ 1.675(5) in white light. The pleochroism scheme for lumsdenite is X = greenish yellow, Y = dark greenish blue, Z = greenish blue; X &lt;&lt; Z &lt; Y. The mineral is triclinic, , with a 10.3490(5), b 17.6263(9), c 23.2556(16) Å, α 82.208(6), β 88.351(6), γ 81.702(6)°, V 4158.8(4) Å3, and Z = 2. The strongest four powder diffraction lines for lumsdenite are [dobs Å(I)(hkl)]: , 14.86(80)(011), 17.30(44)(010), and 10.22(32)(100). The atomic arrangement of lumsdenite contains the novel polyoxometalate heteropolyanion [As3+V4+,5+12As5+6O51] structural unit in lumsdenite, [As3+V4+25+10As5+6O51]11−, which has previously been found in four other minerals from the Packrat mine. The charge of the structural unit is balanced by the charge of the [NaCa3Mg2(H2O)31·14H2O]11+ interstitial complex. The name lumsdenite is for the location of the mine at the head of Lumsden Canyon.
The dynamics of pain reappraisal: the joint contribution of cognitive change and mental load
Authors: Adamczyk Agnieszka K. , Ligeza Tomasz S. , Wyczesany Miroslaw 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the neural mechanism of cognitive modulation of pain via a reappraisal strategy with high temporal resolution. The EEG signal was recorded from 29 participants who were instructed to down-regulate, up-regulate, or maintain their pain experience. The L2 minimum norm source reconstruction method was used to localize areas in which a significant effect of the instruction was present. Down-regulating pain by reappraisal exerted a robust effect on pain processing from as early as ~100 ms that diminished the activity of limbic brain regions: the anterior cingulate cortex, right orbitofrontal cortex, left anterior temporal region, and left insula. However, compared with the no-regulation condition, the neural activity was similarly attenuated in the up- and down-regulation conditions. We suggest that this effect could be ascribed to the cognitive load that was associated with the execution of a cognitively demanding reappraisal task that could have produced a general attenuation of pain-related areas regardless of the aim of the reappraisal task (i.e., up- or down-regulation attempts). These findings indicate that reappraisal effects reflect the joint influence of both reappraisal-specific (cognitive change) and unspecific (cognitive demand) factors, thus pointing to the importance of cautiously selected control conditions that allow the modulating impact of both processes to be distinguished.
Locating Guyane
Authors: Wood Sarah , MacLeod Catriona 
Published: January 2020

Overseas department of France in Amazonia and ‘ultraperipheral region’ of the EU, Guyane (French Guiana) is at the juncture of Europe, the Caribbean and South America. This collection of essays explores historical and conceptual locations of Guyane, as a relational space characterised by dynamics of interaction and conflict between the local, the national and the global. Does Guyane have, or has it had, its own place in the world, or is it a borderland which can only make sense in relation to elsewhere: to France and its colonial history, for example, or to African and other diasporas, or as a ‘margin’ of Europe?
This edited collection will be the first volume to study Guyane from multiple historical and contemporary perspectives. It subjects the enduring clichés and negative stereotypes regarding Guyane to critical examination. It addresses how and why discourse on this DOM has come to be characterised by paradoxes and lacunae, and suggests ways in which this can be redressed. Chapters explore geographical, literary and cultural ‘locations’ of Guyane, past and present. They challenge its relegation to the ‘periphery’, whilst also historicising the production of its marginal status. Finally, the collection aims to outline possible future directions for research on Guyane.
The Oldest Daughter of Overseas France
Authors: Price Richard 
Published: January 2020

This chapter constitutes a summative perspective on contemporary Guyane. It opens with a birds-eye view of the place in all its diversity. Beginning with its ongoing population explosion, it moves on to consider its multilingualism and multi-ethnicity, before contrasting Guyane to its tamer sister-neocolonies of Martinique and Guadeloupe. Following this, it quotes and offers pithy commentary on passages from various visitors to Guyane during the past hundred years or so, all of whom comment on its particular colonial flavour. Léon-Gontran Damas posited that bureaucrats were nowhere so dominant as here, and the chapter asserts that Guyane remains a highly segregated and highly stratified society, in terms of class, of ethnic communities, and at least until recently, of urban planning.
The study begins in Cayenne before leading on to a tour of the artificial city of Kourou and its space centre, then undertaking a visit to St. Laurent-du-Maroni, once home to the penal colony and now the largest Maroon city in the world. It ends with an overview of the territory far up the Maroni where Aluku Maroon society has been recently overwhelmed by a combination of francisation and illegal goldmining by Brazilians and Alukus.
Conclusion
Authors: Coletta Michela 
Published: January 2020

The book leads to two main conclusive points. Firstly, representations of cultural modernity in Latin America were not simply based on the idea of progress but were also linked with notions of degeneration. These ideas were subsequently challenged in order to engender a process of regeneration through which a different and more humane modern society could emerge, arising phoenix-like from the ashes of europeísta decline. The concluding chapter stresses the long-term significance of these turn-of-the-century debates by briefly considering the enthusiastic reception in South America of Oswald Spengler’s book on The Decline of the West (1918). Secondly, the book shows the ways in which and the extent to which the cultural notion of Latinity was debated, adapted and often challenged from within and the extent to which it facilitated internal discourses of modernity as well as of regional identity. The regeneration of Latin America needed to be primarily cultural. Or, to put it differently, culture was the essential instrument for political change. This political ideal would have a long-standing resonance in Spanish American criticism, reaching its ideological climax in 1920s Mexico with José Vasconcelos’ aesthetic vision of the cosmic race.
Chromium Isotopic Constraints on the Origin of the Ureilite Parent Body
Authors: Zhu 朱 Ke 柯 , Moynier Frédéric , Schiller Martin , Wielandt Daniel , Larsen Kirsten K. , van Kooten Elishevah M. M. E. , Barrat Jean-Alix , Bizzarro Martin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We report on the mass-independent Cr isotope compositions of 11 main group ureilites and an ureilitic trachyandesite (ALM-A). The 54Cr/52Cr ratios for main group ureilites vary from −1.06 ± 0.04 to −0.78 ± 0.05 and averaged at −0.91 ± 0.15 (2SD, N = 18) including the data from literature. We argue that this variation reflects primitive mantle heterogeneities within the ureilite parent body (UPB). As such, this body did not experience a global-scale magma ocean, which is consistent with heterogeneous O isotope in ureilites. Furthermore, the ε
54Cr values, Mn/Cr ratios, C isotope ratios, Mg# values, and Fe/Mn ratios in the olivine cores of ureilites are correlated with each other, which suggests the mixing of ureilite precursors from at least two reservoirs, rather than a smelting process or the oxidation from ice melting. All the ureilite samples (including the ALM-A) fall on a well-defined 53Mn–53Cr isochron corresponding to a 53Mn/55Mn ratio of (6.02 ± 1.59) × 10−6, which translates to an age of 4566.7 ± 1.5 Ma (within 2 Ma after calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions; CAIs) when anchored to the U-corrected Pb–Pb age for the D’Orbigny angrite. This old age indicates early partial melting on the UPB, consistent with the early accretion of the UPB (within 1 Ma after CAIs) predicted by thermal modeling. Furthermore, there is a 4∼5 Ma age difference between the external isochron in this study and internal isochron ages for the feldspathic clasts in polymict ureilites, which likely reflects an impact history during the early evolution of the UPB.
Modeling the Precession of the Warped Inner Accretion Disk in the Pulsars LMC X-4 and SMC X-1 with NuSTAR and XMM-Newton
Authors: Brumback McKinley C. , Hickox Ryan C. , Fürst Felix S. , Pottschmidt Katja , Tomsick John A. , Wilms Jörn 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present a broadband X-ray study of the effect of superorbital periods on X-ray spectra and pulse profiles in the neutron star X-ray binaries LMC X-4 and SMC X-1. These two sources display periodic or quasiperiodic variations in luminosity of the order of tens of days, which are known to be superorbital, and are attributed to warped, precessing accretion disks. Using joint NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations that span a complete superorbital cycle, we examine the broadband spectra of these sources and find the shape to be well described by an absorbed power law with a soft blackbody component. Changes in spectral shape and pulse profile shape are periodic with superorbital period, as expected from a precessing disk. We perform X-ray tomography using the changes in pulse profiles to model the geometry and kinematics of the inner accretion disk. Our simple geometric model of a beam and inner disk indicates that the long-term changes in soft pulse shape and phase are consistent with reprocessed emission from a precessing inner disk.
O2- and CO-rich Atmospheres for Potentially Habitable Environments on TRAPPIST-1 Planets
Authors: Hu Renyu , Peterson Luke , Wolf Eric T. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Small exoplanets of nearby M-dwarf stars present the possibility of finding and characterizing habitable worlds within the next decade. TRAPPIST-1, an ultracool M-dwarf star, was recently found to have seven Earth-sized planets of predominantly rocky composition. The planets e, f, and g could have a liquid water ocean on their surface given appropriate atmospheres of N2 and CO2. In particular, climate models have shown that the planets e and f can sustain a global liquid water ocean, for ≥0.2 bar CO2 plus 1 bar N2, or ≥2 bar CO2, respectively. These atmospheres are irradiated by ultraviolet emission from the star’s moderately active chromosphere, and the consequence of this irradiation is unknown. Here we show that chemical reactions driven by the irradiation produce and maintain more than 0.2 bar O2 and 0.05 bar CO if the CO2 is ≥0.1 bar. The abundance of O2 and CO can rise to more than 1 bar under certain boundary conditions. Because of this O2–CO runaway, habitable environments on the TRAPPIST-1 planets entail an O2- and CO-rich atmosphere with coexisting O3. The only process that would prevent runaway is direct recombination of O2 and CO in the ocean, a reaction that is facilitated biologically. Our results indicate that O2, O3, and CO should be considered together with CO2 as the primary molecules in the search for atmospheric signatures from temperate and rocky planets of TRAPPIST-1 and other M-dwarf stars.
An Observationally Constrained Analytical Model for Predicting the Magnetic Field Vectors of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections at 1 au
Authors: Sarkar Ranadeep , Gopalswamy Nat , Srivastava Nandita 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We report on an observationally constrained analytical model, the INterplanetary Flux ROpe Simulator (INFROS), for predicting the magnetic field vectors of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the interplanetary medium. The main architecture of INFROS involves using the near-Sun flux rope properties obtained from the observational parameters that are evolved through the model in order to estimate the magnetic field vectors of interplanetary CMEs (ICMEs) at any heliocentric distance. We have formulated a new approach in INFROS to incorporate the expanding nature and the time-varying axial magnetic field strength of the flux rope during its passage over the spacecraft. As a proof of concept, we present the case study of an Earth-impacting CME which occurred on 2013 April 11. Using the near-Sun properties of the CME flux rope, we have estimated the magnetic vectors of the ICME as intersected by the spacecraft at 1 au. The predicted magnetic field profiles of the ICME show good agreement with those observed by the in situ spacecraft. Importantly, the maximum strength (10.5 ± 2.5 nT) of the southward component of the magnetic field (Bz) obtained from the model prediction is in agreement with the observed value (11 nT). Although our model does not include the prediction of the ICME plasma parameters, as a first-order approximation, it shows promising results in forecasting of Bz in near real time, which is critical for predicting the severity of the associated geomagnetic storms. This could prove to be a simple space-weather forecasting tool compared to the time-consuming and computationally expensive MHD models.
Constraints on Cosmological Parameters from the 500 deg2 SPTPOL Lensing Power Spectrum
Authors: Bianchini F. , Wu W. L. K. , Ade P. A. R. , Anderson A. J. , Austermann J. E. , Avva J. S. , Beall J. A. , Bender A. N. , Benson B. A. , Bleem L. E. , Carlstrom J. E. , Chang C. L. , Chaubal P. , Chiang H. C. , Citron R. , Moran C. Corbett , Crawford T. M. , Crites A. T. , de Haan T. , Dobbs M. A. , Everett W. , Gallicchio J. , George E. M. , Gilbert A. , Gupta N. , Halverson N. W. , Harrington N. , Henning J. W. , Hilton G. C. , Holder G. P. , Holzapfel W. L. , Hrubes J. D. , Huang N. , Hubmayr J. , Irwin K. D. , Knox L. , Lee A. T. , Li D. , Lowitz A. , Manzotti A. , McMahon J. J. , Meyer S. S. , Millea M. , Mocanu L. M. , Montgomery J. , Nadolski A. , Natoli T. , Nibarger J. P. , Noble G. , Novosad V. , Omori Y. , Padin S. , Patil S. , Pryke C. , Reichardt C. L. , Ruhl J. E. , Saliwanchik B. R. , Sayre J. T. , Schaffer K. K. , Sievers C. , Simard G. , Smecher G. , Stark A. A. , Story K. T. , Tucker C. , Vanderlinde K. , Veach T. , Vieira J. D. , Wang G. , Whitehorn N. , Yefremenko V. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present cosmological constraints based on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing potential power spectrum measurement from the recent 500 deg2
SPTpol survey, the most precise CMB lensing measurement from the ground to date. We fit a flat ΛCDM model to the reconstructed lensing power spectrum alone and in addition with other data sets: baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), as well as primary CMB spectra from Planck and SPTpol. The cosmological constraints based on SPTpol and Planck lensing band powers are in good agreement when analyzed alone and in combination with Planck full-sky primary CMB data. With weak priors on the baryon density and other parameters, the SPTpol CMB lensing data alone provide a 4% constraint on

. Jointly fitting with BAO data, we find

,

, and

, up to

away from the central values preferred by Planck lensing + BAO. However, we recover good agreement between SPTpol and Planck when restricting the analysis to similar scales. We also consider single-parameter extensions to the flat ΛCDM model. The SPTpol lensing spectrum constrains the spatial curvature to be

and the sum of the neutrino masses to be

eV at 95% C.L. (with Planck primary CMB and BAO data), in good agreement with the Planck lensing results. With the differences in the signal-to-noise ratio of the lensing modes and the angular scales covered in the lensing spectra, this analysis represents an important independent check on the full-sky Planck lensing measurement.
Reconstructing Functions and Estimating Parameters with Artificial Neural Networks: A Test with a Hubble Parameter and SNe Ia
Authors: Wang Guo-Jian , Ma Xiao-Jiao , Li Si-Yao , Xia Jun-Qing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this work, we propose a new nonparametric approach for reconstructing a function from observational data using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), which has no assumptions about the data and is a completely data-driven approach. We test the ANN method by reconstructing functions of the Hubble parameter measurements H(z) and the distance–redshift relation D

L
(z) of Type Ia supernovae. We find that both H(z) and D

L
(z) can be reconstructed with high accuracy. Furthermore, we estimate cosmological parameters using the reconstructed functions of H(z) and D

L
(z) and find the results are consistent with those obtained using the observational data directly. Therefore, we propose that the function reconstructed by ANN can represent the actual distribution of observational data and can be used for parameter estimation in further cosmological research. In addition, we present a new strategy for training and evaluating the neural network, and a code for reconstructing functions using ANN has been developed and will be available.
NATO’s Challenges in the South Flank
Authors: Bressan Matteo 
Published: January 2020

L’OTAN doit trouver des moyens de relever les défis en matière de sécurité. De nouvelles menaces émergent de toutes parts : des acteurs étatiques et non étatiques aux terroristes, en passant par les cyberattaques et les attaques hybrides. Par conséquent, l’Alliance doit se préparer sur les plans conceptuel, politique et militaire afin de contribuer à la sécurité de ses États membres en stabilisant davantage son voisinage sud.
Strategic Autonomy and EU-NATO Cooperation: A Win-Win Approach
Authors: Howorth Jolyon 
Published: January 2020

La politique de sécurité et de défense commune (PSDC) de l’UE a été lancée dans les années 1990 en tant que quête pour une « autonomie ». Quinze années d’efforts n’ont pas permis d’atteindre cet objectif. La cohérence des États membres de l’UE dans leurs relations sécuritaires avec les États-Unis a toujours été affectée par les divergences entre les objectifs du Royaume-Uni et de la France. Mais à mesure que les dirigeants européens relancent la PSDC post-Brexit, que la « Stratégie globale européenne » de 2016 redécouvre les vertus de « l’autonomie stratégique » et que le monde tournoie avec un président américain qui semble remettre en cause les fondements de l’Alliance atlantique, il est temps de repenser radicalement les relations entre l’UE et l’OTAN. Cet article soutient qu’à plus long terme, c’est par le renforcement des relations UE-OTAN que l’autonomie stratégique de l’UE deviendra possible et qu’un lien transatlantique plus fort verra le jour. Une proposition gagnant-gagnant.
Baltic Concerns and Moderate Engagement
Authors: Šešelgytė Margarita 
Published: January 2020

Cet article examine l’engagement modéré des États baltes envers la PSDC et vise à révéler les raisons de ce phénomène. Il fait également valoir que la position des États baltes à l’égard des innovations européennes en matière de défense a légèrement changé et est devenue plus pragmatique depuis 2016. Enfin, il conclut que ce changement positif reste fragile et pourrait même s’inverser sous l’influence de trois facteurs : si les réformes de la défense européenne s’enlisent, si l’UE renoue avec la Russie, ou bien en cas de montée des tensions transatlantiques.