bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desde la implicación en el hogar de las familias a la facilitación de los docentes en un contexto multicultural
Authors: Gomariz Vicente María Ángeles , Martínez-Segura María José , Martínez Joaquín Parra 
Published: March 2020

Familia y escuela deben permanecer unidas en la responsabilidad compartida de educar a niños y jóvenes. Desde este trabajo, nos planteamos conocer cuál es la implicación de las familias en la educación escolar desde el hogar, y en qué medida los docentes propician esta implicación. El estudio forma parte de una investigación (evaluativa y colaborativa) más amplia, con participación de 3506 familias y 225 docentes, de las etapas de Educación Infantil, Primaria y ESO, en un contexto socio cultural en el que prima la multiculturalidad. La información se ha obtenido a partir de cuestionarios (uno destinado a las familias y otro a los docentes), creados ad hoc, que contaban con siete dimensiones, de las cuales aquí sólo utilizamos los 14 ítems de la dimensión “Implicación de las familias en la educación escolar desde el hogar”. Dichos instrumentos de recogida de información tuvieron en cuenta las necesidades idiomáticas de las familias (español, árabe e inglés) y de los docentes (español). La fiabilidad de los instrumentos fue alta (Alfa de Cronbach de 0,876 y 0,982). El análisis de resultados pone de manifiesto que las familias valoran muy positivamente su implicación desde el hogar y, al mismo tiempo, matizados siempre por el propio contexto multicultural, los docentes se muestran facilitadores de la mencionada implicación. Se destaca la afición por la lectura y la promoción de actividades culturales como las acciones mejorables.
Family and school must stand together in the shared responsibility of educating children and young people. From this work, we ask to know what is the involvement of families in education from home, and what teachers promote this involvement. The study, is part of a broader research (evaluative and collaborative), with the participation of 3506 families and 225 teachers have participated, of the Educational stages of Preschool, Primary and Secondary, in a multicultural context. The information was obtained from questionnaires (one for families and one to teachers), created ad hoc, with seven dimensions, and here only use 14 items in the dimension "Family involvement in education from home”. These instruments for collecting information were considered the language needs of families (Spanish, Arabic and English) and teachers (Spanish). The reliability of the instruments was high (Cronbach's alpha of 0.876 and 0.982). The analysis of results shows that families valued very positively its involvement from the home and, at the same time, teachers are facilitators of mentioned involvement. It highlights the hobby of reading and the promotion of cultural activities such as improved actions.
Facet‐level analysis of the relations between personality and laboratory aggression
Authors: Hyatt Courtland S. , Chester David S. , Zeichner Amos , Miller Joshua D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMultiple reviews and meta‐analyses have identified the low pole of the Five‐Factor Model (FFM) Agreeableness (also called Antagonism) as the primary domain‐level personality correlates of aggression across self‐report and behavioral methodologies. In the current study, we expand on this literature by investigating the relations between FFM facets and aggressive behavior as measured by laboratory competitive reaction time tasks (CRTTs). Across three samples (total N = 639), we conducted weighted mean analyses, multiple regression analyses, and dominance analyses to determine which FFM facets were the strongest predictors of aggression within and across domains. These analyses suggested that facets of Agreeableness were among the strongest consistent predictors of CRTT aggression, including Sympathy (r = −.21) and Cooperation (r = −.14), but facets from other FFM domains also yielded meaningful relations (e.g., Anger from Neuroticism; r = .17). We conclude by discussing these results in the context of controversies surrounding laboratory aggression paradigms and emphasizing the importance of considering small effect sizes in the prediction of societally harmful behavior like aggression.
Internalizing problems and their impact on the relation between callous‐unemotional traits, narcissism, and aggression
Authors: Lee‐Rowland Lauren M. , Lui Joyce H. L. , Bortfeld Devon , Barry Christopher T. , Reiter Shari 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNarcissism and callous‐unemotional (CU) traits have demonstrated relations with youth aggression across studies. However, different forms of narcissism and internalizing problems may exacerbate the relation between CU traits and aggression. To that end, the current study examined the degree to which interactions among internalizing problems, CU traits, and dimensions of narcissism related to aggression in a sample of 219 adolescents (83.1% males), ages 16–19, enrolled in a military‐style residential program. Consistent with previous research, psychopathy‐linked narcissism significantly moderated the relation between CU traits and aggression. Addtionally, self‐reported aggression was highest among adolescents who endorsed high levels of CU traits, psychopathy‐linked narcissism, and internalizing problems. The same pattern of results was not evident for other forms of narcissism. These results suggest that internalizing problems further increase the probability of aggression among adolescents with psychopathic tendencies (i.e., CU traits, psychopathy‐linked narcissism). Further implications are discussed.
Vitamin D concentration and focal brain atrophy in older adults: a voxel‐based morphometric study
Authors: Ali Pauline , Labriffe Matthieu , Navasiolava Nastassia , Custaud Marc‐Antoine , Dinomais Mickaël , Annweiler Cédric ,   the SAM group
Published: March 2020

AbstractVitamin D is involved in brain health and function. Our objective was to determine whether lower 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration was associated with focal brain volume reduction in older adults. Serum 25OHD concentration was measured among 53 older adults (72 ± 5 years; 38% female; mean 25OHD = 67.3 ± 20.8 nmol/L). Gray matter volume (GMV) was automatically segmented using voxel‐based morphometry with CAT12 software. Covariables were age, gender, education, total intracranial volume, and season. Serum 25OHD was positively associated with GMV in left calcarine sulcus (P < 0.05, TFCE, FWE‐corrected). We found atrophy of the calcarine sulcus with lower 25OHD concentrations in older adults.
Tunable Room‐Temperature Synthesis of ReS2 Bicatalyst on 3D‐ and 2D‐Printed Electrodes for Photo‐ and Electrochemical Energy Applications
Authors: Ng Siowwoon , Iffelsberger Christian , Sofer Zdenek , Pumera Martin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe advancement in 3D‐printing technologies conveniently offers boundless opportunities for the customization of a practical substrate or electrode for diverse functionalities. ReS2 is an attractive transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD), showing strong photoelectrochemical activities. Two advanced systems are merged for the next step in electrochemistry—the limits of the prevailing synthesis techniques of TMDs operating at high temperature or low pressure, which are not compatible with 3D‐printed polymer electrodes that can withstand only comparatively low temperatures, are overcome. A unique NH4ReS4 precursor is separately prepared to conduct subsequent ReS2 electrodeposition at room temperature on 3D‐printed carbon and 2D‐printed carbon electrodes. The deposited ReS2 is investigated as a dual‐functional electro‐ and photocatalyst in hydrogen evolution reaction and photoelectrochemical oxidation of water. Moreover, the electrodeposition conditions can be adjusted to optimize the catalytic activities. These encouraging outcomes demonstrate the simplicity yet versatility of TMDs based on electrodeposition technique on a rationally designed conductive platform, which creates numerous possibilities for other TMDs and on other low‐temperature substrates for electrochemical energy devices.
A Facile Fabrication and Transfer Method of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes on a Mo/Ni Bilayer for Wearable Energy Devices
Authors: Lim Chanhyuk , Shin Yoonsoo , Hong Seungki , Lee Sangkyu , Kim Dae‐Hyeong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCarbon nanotubes are a promising material for flexible/wearable electrochemical device due to their mechanical softness, chemical stability, and high conductivity. Furthermore, the vertically aligned form of carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) have a large surface area due to their unique three‐dimensional (3D) nanostructure. Thus, VACNTs are particularly useful for wearable electrochemical sensors and/or energy devices. However, VACNTs are generally grown via a high‐temperature chemical vapor deposition process, which requires a rigid substrate. As a flexible/wearable device platform, therefore, VACNTs should be transferred from rigid substrates to soft substrates. Here, a facile fabrication and transfer method of a unique 3D nanostructure, that is, VACNTs on the Mo/Ni bilayer, for high performance flexible/wearable devices is reported. After growth of VACNTs on a Mo/Ni bilayer, VACNTs with the Mo/Ni bilayer can be easily peeled‐off from the SiO2 wafer by using weak adhesion of Ni to SiO2 for transfer printing onto polymeric/elastomeric substrates. Moreover, the Mo layer helps facile growth of VACNTs, and the Mo/Ni bilayer underneath VACNTs maximizes the lateral current flow. The proposed 3D nanostructure (VACNTs on the Mo/Ni bilayer) is successfully applied as flexible electrodes for high‐performance wearable asymmetric supercapacitors.
Minute‐Scale Rapid Crystallization of a Highly Dichroic 2D Hybrid Perovskite Crystal toward Efficient Polarization‐Sensitive Photodetector
Authors: Li Maofan , Han Shiguo , Teng Bing , Li Yaobin , Liu Yi , Liu Xitao , Luo Junhua , Hong Maochun , Sun Zhihua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract2D hybrid perovskites demonstrate better performances than 3D counterparts in certain optoelectronic devices, whereas their natural attributes cannot be extracted from microcrystalline films, such as the natural dichroism for polarized light detection. Herein, for the first time, unusual minute‐scale rapid crystallization is developed to grow bulk crystals of 2D hybrid perovskite, (FPEA)2PbI4 (1, FPEA is p‐fluorophenethylammonium), which enables superior carrier transport property (≈64.1 ns) and low trap density (≈1010 cm−3). The rapid growth rate of 27.3 mm3 h−1 is almost two orders of magnitude higher than for other 2D counterparts. Strikingly, its natural quantum‐confined motif results in extraordinary dichroism with optical absorption ratio αc/αa ≈ 2.05, revealing great promises for polarized light detection. Consequently, crystal‐based photodetectors exhibit large photocurrent dichroic ratio Imax/Imin ≈ 2.1, fast response time (400 µs), and high detectivity (1011 Jones) to the polarized light. This is the record‐fast crystallization of highly dichroic 2D hybrid perovskites, which opens a new prospect for their future optoelectronic device applications.
Decentralized Co‐Generation of Fresh Water and Electricity at Point of Consumption
Authors: Wang Wenbin , Aleid Sara , Wang Peng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMany in the community believe that additional anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere can push the Earth into a vicious cycle and down a path of no return. Consequently, solar energy must sit at the center of the water–energy–climate nexus as the world is shifting into a decarbonized and circular economy. Simultaneous production of electricity and fresh water by photovoltaic‐membrane distillation (PV‐MD), a newly developed technology, turns waste heat from solar PV panels into a power source to drive an efficient water distillation process. It produces fresh and clean potable‐quality water on‐site from various water sources with impaired quality, such as seawater, contaminated rivers, lakes, groundwater, and industrial wastewater. Due to the low barrier of entry, it is well suited to providing both electricity and fresh water in decentralized manner for point‐of‐consumption locations, especially off‐grid communities and communities with small‐ to medium‐sized populations even with challenging economic conditions. This essay highlights the potential of PV‐MD to supply decentralized water and electricity for regions suffering from both economic and physical water scarcity as well as its promise to contribute to agriculture in (semi)arid regions.
DAMAGE MODEL CALIBRATION FOR S275 AND S690 STEELS
Authors: Yang Fei , Veljkovic Milan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA calibration procedure for material damage models of S275 and S690 structural steels is proposed based on their full range engineering stress‐strain curves. Combined linear and power stress‐strain laws with a weighting factor are used to describe damaged stress‐strain relations after necking. Material damage models are proposed based on the estimation of undamaged stress. Tensile coupon tests on S275 and S690 steels are modelled in ABAQUS with the explicit solver. Results show that the numerical engineering stress‐strain curves based on the proposed damage models are very close to the experimental results. An investigation is made to establish the damage susceptibility for S275 and S690 steels.
Tuning Electron‐Withdrawing Strength on Phenothiazine Derivatives: Achieving 100 % Photoluminescence Quantum Yield by NO2Substitution
Authors: Chen Meng‐Chi , Lee Yao‐Lin , Huang Zhi‐Xuan , Chen Deng‐Gao , Chou Pi‐Tai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe weak fluorescence (quantum yield <1 % in cyclohexane) of phenothiazine (PTZ) impedes its further application. In addition, the nitro group (NO2) is a well‐known fluorescence quencher. Interestingly, we obtained a highly fluorescent chromophore by combining these two moieties, forming 3‐nitrophenothiazine (PTZ‐NO2). For comparison, a series ofPTZderivatives bearing electron‐withdrawing groups (EWGs; CN and CHO) or electron‐donating groups (EDGs; OMe) at the 3‐position have been designed and synthesized. The phenothiazines bearing EWGs exhibited enhanced emission compared with the parentPTZor EDG derivatives. Computational approaches unveiled that forPTZandPTZ‐OMe, the transitions are from HOMOs dominated by π orbitals to LUMOs of mixed sulfur nonbonding–π* orbitals, and hence are partially forbidden. In contrast, the EWGs lower the energy level of the lone‐pair electrons on the sulfur atom, thereby suppressing the mixing of the nonbonding orbital with the π* orbital in the LUMO, such that the allowed ππ* transition becomes dominant. This work thus demonstrates a judicious chemical design to fine‐tune the transition character inPTZanalogues, withPTZ‐NO2attaining 100 % emission quantum yields in nonpolar solvent.
Isolable Anionic, Neutral and Cationic Radicals from Reactions ofN,N′‐Dimesityldiamidocarbene and Lewis Acids
Authors: Andrews Ryan J. , Stephan Douglas W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractB(C6F5)3undergoes nucleophilic attack byN,N′‐dimesityldiamidocarbene (DAC) with fluoride transfer to the boron center, resulting in a new zwitterion (1). This B−F fluoride can be replaced or abstracted to give the corresponding hydride (2) or triflate (3) derivatives or the corresponding cation (4). These species are reduced with KC8or Cp2Co to give isolable anionic and neutral radicals (5–8). Similarly, the [Ph3C] cation undergoes nucleophilic attack by DAC resulting in the spontaneous formation of the radical cation (9).
Validation of signal propagation modeling for highly scalable simulations
Authors: Paciorek Mateusz , Bujas Jakub , Dworak Dawid , Turek Wojciech , Byrski Aleksander 
Published: March 2020

SummaryEfficient information flow in the complex, often microscale simulation systems such as the social, artificial life, or traffic ones poses a significant challenge. It is difficult to implement a highly scalable system due to algorithmic problems, which significantly hamper the efficiency, especially in the case of maintaining a synchronized state in a parallelized, distributed environment. Our previous work presented a desynchronized method of information distribution in a simulation environment, inspired by the propagation of smell, and proved this method to be highly scalable. In this paper, we enhance and validate this method to ensure it does not invalidate the conclusions drawn from the simulation, enabling the development of efficient, scalable simulation systems. The prototype of the method presented here leverages the actor model for parallelization and cluster sharding mechanisms for cluster management, providing a comprehensive solution for large‐scale simulations, following realistic rules known from the nature. In order to validate the method of signal propagation modeling, three simulation models are created and tested. The validation is based on statistical analysis of metrics collected during the simulation execution. Statistical similarity of the results obtained from the distributed and nondistributed executions indicates that the distribution process does not impact the correctness of the simulation.
Pronounced Dependence of All‐Polymer Solar Cells Photovoltaic Performance on the Alkyl Substituent Patterns in Large Bandgap Polymer Donors
Authors: Chen Jiale , Huang Xuelong , Cao Zhixiong , Liu Shengjian , Liang Kexin , Liu Jinhai , Jiao Xuechen , Zhao Jiaji , Li Qingduan , Cai Yue‐Peng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor all‐polymer solar cells which are composed of polymer donors and polymer acceptors, the effect of alkyl side chains on photovoltaic performance is a matter of some debate, and this effect remains difficult to forecast. In this concise contribution, we demonstrate that three alkyls namely branched alkyl 2‐butyloctyl (2BO), long linear alkyl n‐dodecyl (C12), and double‐short linear alkyl n‐hexyls (DC6) incorporated into the side chains of large bandgap polymer donor PBDT‐TTz can induce considerable, of significance, and different electronic, optical, and morphological parameters. Systematic studies shed light on the critical role of the double‐short linear alkyl n‐hexyls (DC6) in (i) producing large ionization potential value, (ii) increasing propensity of the polymer to order along the π‐stacking direction, (iii) generating polymer crystallites with more preferential “face‐on” orientation, consequently, (iv) improvement of carriers transportation, (v) suppression of charge recombination, (vi) reduction of energy loss in all‐polymer devices. In parallel, we unearth that the PBDT‐TTz with double‐short linear alkyl n‐hexyls (DC6) represents the highest efficiency of 8.3 %, whereas, the other two PBDT‐TTz analogues (2BO, C12) yield efficiencies of less than 3 % in optimized all‐polymer solar cells. Though branched or long linear alkyl side chains (2BO, C12) have been applied to provide the solution processability of conjugated polymers, motifs bearing multiple short linear alkyl substituents (DC6) are proved critical to the development of high performing polymers.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens–Mediated Transformation of Three Milkweed Species (Asclepias hallii, A. syriaca, and A. tuberosa: Apocynaceae)
Authors: Keen Patricia , Hastings Amy Picard , Agrawal Anurag A. , Van Eck Joyce 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMilkweeds have ecological significance for insect herbivores that rely on them as hosts for either part of or the entirety of their life cycles. Interesting interactions, some of which are not completely understood, have evolved over time. To develop these species as models to elucidate the interplay with insect herbivores, we established Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated transformation approaches for Asclepias hallii (Hall's milkweed), A. syriaca (common milkweed), and A. tuberosa (butterflyweed). The method is based on infection of stem internodal explants, which were more amenable to transformation than leaf explants. We found that addition of freshly prepared dithiothreitol was critical to prevent browning of stem explants. Depending on the species, the time from infection to the regeneration of transgenic lines ranges from 2 to 4 months. Transformation efficiency for A. hallii was 9%, whereas efficiencies for A. syriaca and A. tuberosa were 6% and 13%, respectively. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Agrobacterium tumefaciens–mediated transformation of Asclepias internodal stem explantsBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of Agrobacterium glycerol stocks containing gene constructs
Evaluating herbicide tolerance of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)
Authors: Flessner Michael L. , Bryd Jabari , Bamber Kevin W. , Fike John H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIndustrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has a wide array of end uses which, when coupled with regulatory reductions in the United States, has spurred renewed interest in its production. Best management practices, including weed control, need to be evaluated. Since little is known about herbicide tolerance of hemp, studies were conducted to identify suitable options for grain or dual‐purpose (fiber and grain) production. Greenhouse experiments with pre‐emergence and postemergence herbicides were conducted to identify herbicide choices for subsequent field trials. In field studies, S‐metolachlor was the safest pre‐emergence herbicide, resulting in 0 and ≤ 15% injury in 2017 and 2018, respectively, and a hemp stand count that was 97% of the nontreated check (pooled across years). All other pre‐emergence herbicides tested in the field resulted in ≥ 25% visible injury in at least one of the years and ≥ 24% stand reduction relative to the nontreated check (pooled across years). However, no grain yield differences were observed due to pre‐emergence herbicides relative to the nontreated check. Postemergence herbicides sethoxydim, quizalofop, bromoxynil, and clopyralid caused < 20% injury across rating timings and years and had similar grain yield as the nontreated check (588 kg ha−1). Our results indicate that S‐metolachlor applied pre‐emergence or sethoxydim, quizalofop, bromoxynil, and clopyralid applied postemergence are suitable for hemp production, but some of these treatments caused transient visible injury. Future research should be conducted to corroborate results across cultivars, soil types (for pre‐emergence herbicides), and environments.
Assessment of genetic diversity in Ziziphus jujube Mill. Cultivars derived from northern China using inter‐simple sequence repeat markers
Authors: Shen Jie , Sun Zhaoxia , Hou Siyu , Liu Ronghua , Wang Yuguo , Guo Pingyi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere are abundant germplasm resources for Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), particularly in northern China. This study intended to assess the relationships and genetic structure of 48 cultivars of jujube derived from seven geographical regions in northern China using inter‐simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Eight ISSR primers were selected for determining the genetic diversity of the 48 jujube cultivars, resulting in the amplification of 110 polymorphic bands. The average number of polymorphic bands for the ISSR primers was 13.8 and percentage of polymorphic bands was 86.8%. By analysis of the population genetic structure, the 48 cultivars were classified into two groups, with two homogeneous gene pools according to a Bayesian method. One group was comprised of cultivars from Central Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei, and Henan, while the other group included cultivars from southern Shanxi, Beijing, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Hebei, and Henan. Unweighted pair‐group method with arithmetic means cluster analysis also indicated two groups with similarity coefficients ranging from .58–.93. In some subgroups, there was a correlation between the genetic relationships among cultivars and their origins, but no relationship between genetic relatedness and cultivar uses. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 88% of the genetic variation was attributable to variation within populations. Our results provide a considerable amount of polymorphism data in 48 Chinese jujube cultivars, which may serve as a good foundation for further analysis of the correlations between phenotypic and genetic data in Chinese jujube.