bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of CHD2 expression by the Chaserr long noncoding RNA gene is essential for viability
Authors: Rom Aviv , Melamed Liliya , Gil Noa , Goldrich Micah Jonathan , Kadir Rotem , Golan Matan , Biton Inbal , Perry Rotem Ben-Tov , Ulitsky Igor 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 2 (Chd2) is a chromatin remodeller implicated in neurological disease. Here we show that Chaserr, a highly conserved long noncoding RNA transcribed from a region near the transcription start site of Chd2 and on the same strand, acts in concert with the CHD2 protein to maintain proper Chd2 expression levels. Loss of Chaserr in mice leads to early postnatal lethality in homozygous mice, and severe growth retardation in heterozygotes. Mechanistically, loss of Chaserr leads to substantially increased Chd2 mRNA and protein levels, which in turn lead to transcriptional interference by inhibiting promoters found downstream of highly expressed genes. We further show that Chaserr production represses Chd2 expression solely in cis, and that the phenotypic consequences of Chaserr loss are rescued when Chd2 is perturbed as well. Targeting Chaserr is thus a potential strategy for increasing CHD2 levels in haploinsufficient individuals.
Early life stress alters transcriptomic patterning across reward circuitry in male and female mice
Authors: Peña Catherine Jensen , Smith Milo , Ramakrishnan Aarthi , Cates Hannah M. , Bagot Rosemary C. , Kronman Hope G. , Patel Bhakti , Chang Austin B. , Purushothaman Immanuel , Dudley Joel , Morishita Hirofumi , Shen Li , Nestler Eric J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAbuse, neglect, and other forms of early life stress (ELS) significantly increase risk for psychiatric disorders including depression. In this study, we show that ELS in a postnatal sensitive period increases sensitivity to adult stress in female mice, consistent with our earlier findings in male mice. We used RNA-sequencing in the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, and prefrontal cortex of male and female mice to show that adult stress is distinctly represented in the brain’s transcriptome depending on ELS history. We identify: 1) biological pathways disrupted after ELS and associated with increased behavioral stress sensitivity, 2) putative transcriptional regulators of the effect of ELS on adult stress response, and 3) subsets of primed genes specifically associated with latent behavioral changes. We also provide transcriptomic evidence that ELS increases sensitivity to future stress through enhancement of known programs of cortical plasticity.
Non-noble metal-nitride based electrocatalysts for high-performance alkaline seawater electrolysis
Authors: Yu Luo , Zhu Qing , Song Shaowei , McElhenny Brian , Wang Dezhi , Wu Chunzheng , Qin Zhaojun , Bao Jiming , Yu Ying , Chen Shuo , Ren Zhifeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSeawater is one of the most abundant natural resources on our planet. Electrolysis of seawater is not only a promising approach to produce clean hydrogen energy, but also of great significance to seawater desalination. The implementation of seawater electrolysis requires robust and efficient electrocatalysts that can sustain seawater splitting without chloride corrosion, especially for the anode. Here we report a three-dimensional core-shell metal-nitride catalyst consisting of NiFeN nanoparticles uniformly decorated on NiMoN nanorods supported on Ni foam, which serves as an eminently active and durable oxygen evolution reaction catalyst for alkaline seawater electrolysis. Combined with an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst of NiMoN nanorods, we have achieved the industrially required current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm−2 at record low voltages of 1.608 and 1.709 V, respectively, for overall alkaline seawater splitting at 60 °C. This discovery significantly advances the development of seawater electrolysis for large-scale hydrogen production.
CDK2-mediated site-specific phosphorylation of EZH2 drives and maintains triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Nie Lei , Wei Yongkun , Zhang Fei , Hsu Yi-Hsin , Chan Li-Chuan , Xia Weiya , Ke Baozhen , Zhu Cihui , Deng Rong , Tang Jun , Yao Jun , Chu Yu-Yi , Zhao Xixi , Han Ye , Hou Junwei , Huo Longfei , Ko How-Wen , Lin Wan-Chi , Yamaguchi Hirohito , Hsu Jung-Mao , Yang Yi , Pan Dean N. , Hsu Jennifer L. , Kleer Celina G. , Davidson Nancy E. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Hung Mien-Chie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks estrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression, is closely related to basal-like breast cancer. Previously, we and others report that cyclin E/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) phosphorylates enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) at T416 (pT416-EZH2). Here, we show that transgenic expression of phospho-mimicking EZH2 mutant EZH2T416D in mammary glands leads to tumors with TNBC phenotype. Coexpression of EZH2T416D in mammary epithelia of HER2/Neu transgenic mice reprograms HER2-driven luminal tumors into basal-like tumors. Pharmacological inhibition of CDK2 or EZH2 allows re-expression of ERα and converts TNBC to luminal ERα-positive, rendering TNBC cells targetable by tamoxifen. Furthermore, the combination of either CDK2 or EZH2 inhibitor with tamoxifen effectively suppresses tumor growth and markedly improves the survival of the mice bearing TNBC tumors, suggesting that the mechanism-based combination therapy may be an alternative approach to treat TNBC.
Cr-spinel records metasomatism not petrogenesis of mantle rocks
Authors: Gamal El Dien Hamed , Arai Shoji , Doucet Luc-Serge , Li Zheng-Xiang , Kil Youngwoo , Fougerouse Denis , Reddy Steven M. , Saxey David W. , Hamdy Mohamed 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMantle melts provide a window on processes related to global plate tectonics. The composition of chromian spinel (Cr-spinel) from mafic-ultramafic rocks has been widely used for tracing the geotectonic environments, the degree of mantle melting and the rate of mid-ocean ridge spreading. The assumption is that Cr-spinel’s core composition (Cr# = Cr/(Cr + Al)) is homogenous, insensitive to post-formation modification and therefore a robust petrogenetic indicator. However, we demonstrate that the composition of Cr-spinel can be modified by fluid/melt-rock interactions in both sub-arc and sub-mid oceanic mantle. Metasomatism can produce Al-Cr heterogeneity in Cr-spinel that lowers the Cr/Al ratio, and therefore modifies the Cr#, making Cr# ineffective as a geotectonic and mantle melting indicator. Our analysis also demonstrates that Cr-spinel is a potential sink for fluid-mobile elements, especially in subduction zone environments. The heterogeneity of Cr# in Cr-spinel can, therefore, be used as an excellent tracer for metasomatic processes.
Regulation of priming effect by soil organic matter stability over a broad geographic scale
Authors: Chen Leiyi , Liu Li , Qin Shuqi , Yang Guibiao , Fang Kai , Zhu Biao , Kuzyakov Yakov , Chen Pengdong , Xu Yunping , Yang Yuanhe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe modification of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition by plant carbon (C) input (priming effect) represents a critical biogeochemical process that controls soil C dynamics. However, the patterns and drivers of the priming effect remain hidden, especially over broad geographic scales under various climate and soil conditions. By combining systematic field and laboratory analyses based on multiple analytical and statistical approaches, we explore the determinants of priming intensity along a 2200 km grassland transect on the Tibetan Plateau. Our results show that SOM stability characterized by chemical recalcitrance and physico-chemical protection explains more variance in the priming effect than plant, soil and microbial properties. High priming intensity (up to 137% of basal respiration) is associated with complex SOM chemical structures and low mineral-organic associations. The dependence of priming effect on SOM stabilization mechanisms should be considered in Earth System Models to accurately predict soil C dynamics under changing environments.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid-producing lactobacilli positively affect metabolism and depressive-like behaviour in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Patterson E. , Ryan P. M. , Wiley N. , Carafa I. , Sherwin E. , Moloney G. , Franciosi E. , Mandal R. , Wishart D. S. , Tuohy K. , Ross R. P. , Cryan J. F. , Dinan T. G. , Stanton C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMetabolic and neuroactive metabolite production represents one of the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota can impact health. One such metabolite, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), can modulate glucose homeostasis and alter behavioural patterns in the host. We previously demonstrated that oral administration of GABA-producing Lactobacillus brevis DPC6108 has the potential to increase levels of circulating insulin in healthy rats. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of endogenous microbial GABA production in improving metabolic and behavioural outcomes in a mouse model of metabolic dysfunction. Diet-induced obese and metabolically dysfunctional mice received one of two GABA-producing strains, L. brevis DPC6108 or L. brevis DSM32386, daily for 12 weeks. After 8 and 10 weeks of intervention, the behavioural and metabolic profiles of the mice were respectively assessed. Intervention with both L. brevis strains attenuated several abnormalities associated with metabolic dysfunction, causing a reduction in the accumulation of mesenteric adipose tissue, increased insulin secretion following glucose challenge, improved plasma cholesterol clearance and reduced despair-like behaviour and basal corticosterone production during the forced swim test. Taken together, this exploratory dataset indicates that intervention with GABA-producing lactobacilli has the potential to improve metabolic and depressive- like behavioural abnormalities associated with metabolic syndrome in mice.
Hierarchically Ordered α-Zirconium Phosphate Platelets in Aqueous Phase with Empty Liquid
Authors: Lin Xi , Schmelter Dirk , Imanian Sadaf , Hintze-Bruening Horst 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPlatelets of α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) obtained from the reflux method in H3PO4 are successfully exfoliated into water via the intercalation of alkanol amines. With volume fractions greater than 0.02 they are stacked into tactoids of few layers with a repeat distance in the order of 10 nm. The tactoids align into nematic liquid crystalline phases with irregularly wide interstices of empty liquid. Colloidal processing involves the freeze-drying of such anisotropic fluids and the dispersion of the restacked tacoids into aqueous dispersions of colloidal polymer particles of largely varying size which occupy the otherwise empty liquid between the α-ZrP tactoids and induce piling of the tactoids into columns. Real-time SAXS on drying films and TEM of the obtained coatings demonstrate that the stacked α-ZrP platelets and the polymer particles comprising liquid dry separately without polymer intercalation, while the morphology of the obtained composites can be tuned primarily by the size of the polymer colloids. Concomitant α-ZrP hydrolysis in the exfoliation step is scrutinized as a function of amine basicity and temperature. The role of zirconium based hydrolysis products in the hierarchical α-ZrP assembly is indirectly though consistently confirmed by opposing impacts of ultra-filtration and added oxoanions on the platelets’ spacing, smoothness and aggregation. HAADF-TEM imaging of scattered, singular platelets and XRD peak analysis of the pristine solid shed light on the α-ZrP synthesis. Coexisting flakes and lacunae, both similar in size to the intra-layer crystal domains, suggest the stitching of proto-α-ZrP flakes into extended layers in accordance with our observations on the aging behaviour of α-ZrP dispersions as well as with literature data on related systems.
Statin Short-term Inhibition of Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion During Acute Phase of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sposito Andrei C. , Carvalho Luiz Sergio F. , Moura Filipe A. , Campos-Staffico Alessandra M. , Cintra Riobaldo M. R. , Nadruz Wilson , Almeida Osorio R. , Quinaglia e Silva Jose C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHyperglycemia during myocardial infarction (MI) has a strong and direct association with mortality. In stable patients and experimental models, statins favor the elevation of glycaemia. The present study investigated whether short-course treatment with statins during MI can influence glucose homeostasis and thus the clinical outcome. In this prospective study, euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC) was performed at second (D2) and sixth (D6) day after MI in patients randomized to simvastatin (S)10 or 80 mg/day during hospitalization (n = 27). In addition, patients (n = 550) were treated without (WS) or with simvastatin (S) at 20, 40 or 80 mg/day had HOMA2S on admission (D1) and fifth (D5) day after MI. According to EHC, insulin sensitivity increased by 20 ± 60% in S10 and decreased by −6 ± 28% in S80 (p = 0.025). Consistently, the changes in HOMA2S between D1 and D5 were 40 ± 145% (WS), 22 ± 117% (S20), 16 ± 61% (S40) and −2% ± 88% (S80) (p = 0.001). In conclusion, statin during the acute phase of MI reduces insulin sensitivity in a dose-dependent manner.
Differential allosteric modulation within dopamine D2R - neurotensin NTS1R and D2R - serotonin 5-HT2AR receptor complexes gives bias to intracellular calcium signalling
Authors: Plach Michael , Schäfer Thorsten , Borroto-Escuela Dasiel Oscar , Weikert Dorothée , Gmeiner Peter , Fuxe Kjell , Friedland Kristina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProceeding investigations of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) heterocomplexes have demonstrated that the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R), one of the hub receptors in the physiology of schizophrenia, interacts with both the neurotensin NTS1 (NTS1R) and the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor (5-HT2AR) in cell lines and rodent brain tissue. In situ proximity ligation assay and BRET-based saturation experiments confirmed interacting receptor assemblies in HEK293T and neuronal HT22 cells. The NTS1R agonist NT(8-13) reduces the Gαq-mediated calcium signal in the NTS1R-D2R complex compared to the NTS1R monomer which could be reversed by D2R antagonists. The bivalent ligand CS148 (NTS1R-agonistic, D2R-antagonistic) increased the calcium response addressing the dimer, consistent with the effect of the monovalent ligands suggesting an allosteric D2R-mediated modulation. In contrast, the 5-HT2AR-D2R heteromer did not show a calcium-altering receptor-receptor interaction. Despite their common coupling-preference for Gαq, 5-HT2AR and NTS1R supposedly interact with D2R each in a unique mode. This remarkably diverse ligand-mediated signalling in two different D2R heteroreceptor complexes illustrates the complexity of receptor-receptor interactions and their potential of modifying cell responses to external stimuli. Therefore, GPCR heteromers may provide a very promising novel target for the therapy of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Bacillus velezensis 5113 Induced Metabolic and Molecular Reprogramming during Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Wheat
Authors: Abd El-Daim Islam A. , Bejai Sarosh , Meijer Johan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAbiotic stresses are main limiting factors for agricultural production around the world. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to improve abiotic stress tolerance in several plants. However, the molecular and physiological changes connected with PGPR priming of stress management are poorly understood. The present investigation aimed to explore major metabolic and molecular changes connected with the ability of Bacillus velezensis 5113 to mediate abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. Seedlings treated with Bacillus were exposed to heat, cold/freezing or drought stress. Bacillus improved wheat survival in all stress conditions. SPAD readings showed higher chlorophyll content in 5113-treated stressed seedlings. Metabolite profiling using NMR and ESI-MS provided evidences for metabolic reprograming in 5113-treated seedlings and showed that several common stress metabolites were significantly accumulated in stressed wheat. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of wheat leaves resolved more than 300 proteins of which several were differentially expressed between different treatments and that cold stress had a stronger impact on the protein pattern compared to heat and drought. Peptides maps or sequences were used for database searches which identified several homologs. The present study suggests that 5113 treatment provides systemic effects that involve metabolic and regulatory functions supporting both growth and stress management.
FRD-CNN: Object detection based on small-scale convolutional neural networks and feature reuse
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Kai , Yan Lin , Cheng Fei , Lv YunQiu , Zhang LiZhe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMost of the recent successful object detection methods have been based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). From previous studies, we learned that many feature reuse methods improve the network performance, but they increase the number of parameters. DenseNet uses thin layers that have fewer channels to alleviate the increase in parameters. This motivated us to find other methods for solving the increase in model size problems introduced by feature reuse methods. In this work, we employ different feature reuse methods on fire units and mobile units. We solved the problem and constructed two novel neural networks, fire-FRD-CNN and mobile-FRD-CNN. We conducted experiments with the proposed neural networks on KITTI and PASCAL VOC datasets.
Swimming capability of zebrafish is governed by water temperature, caudal fin length and genetic background
Authors: Wakamatsu Yuma , Ogino Kazutoyo , Hirata Hiromi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSeveral zebrafish strains such as AB, Tübingen (TU), Wild India Kolkata (WIK) and Tupfel long fin (TL) have been established for genetic study. Each strain has its morphological and behavioral traits. Motor traits, however, have not been explored in zebrafish strains. We here applied a treadmill for fish (swimmill) and measured swimming capability of adult zebrafish by critical swimming speed, which is the maximum water velocity in which fish can keep swimming. First, we confirmed that swimming capability does not vary between female and male. Second, we found that the appropriate water temperature for swimming was between 16 and 30 °C. Third, our fin clip experiments using long-finned zebrafish revealed that they can exhibit high swimming capability when the caudal fin length was set between 3 and 10 mm, implying that long-finned zebrafish are unfavorable for fast swimming. Finally, we compared swimming capability of several zebrafish strains and demonstrated that WIK fish was significantly less capable of swimming despite that they have short caudal fin (~9 mm). The offspring of WIK fish were less capable of swimming, while hybrids of WIK and TU showed high swimming performance comparable to TU. Thus, lower swimming capability of WIK strain is inheritable as a motor trait.
Mutation of the PTCH1 gene predicts recurrence of breast cancer
Authors: Wang Chih-Yang , Chang Yung-Chieh , Kuo Yao-Lung , Lee Kuo-Ting , Chen Pai-Sheng , Cheung Chun Hei Antonio , Chang Chih-Peng , Phan Nam Nhut , Shen Meng-Ru , Hsu Hui-Ping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and some patients develop recurrence after standard therapy. Effective predictors are urgently needed to detect recurrence earlier. The activation of Hedgehog signaling in breast cancer is correlated with poor prognosis. PTCH1 is an essential membrane receptor of Hedgehog. However, there are few reports about mutations in Hedgehog genes in breast cancer. We conducted a comprehensive study via an experimental and bioinformatics approach to detect mutated genes in breast cancer. Twenty-two breast cancer patients who developed recurrence within 24 months postoperatively were enrolled with 22 control cancer patients. Targeted deep sequencing was performed to assess the mutations among individuals with breast cancer using a panel of 143 cancer-associated genes. Bioinformatics and public databases were used to predict the protein functions of the mutated genes. Mutations were identified in 44 breast cancer specimens, and the most frequently mutated genes were BRCA2, APC, ATM, BRCA1, NF1, TET2, TSC1, TSC2, NOTCH1, MSH2, PTCH1, TP53, PIK3CA, FBXW7, and RB1. Mutation of these genes was correlated with protein phosphorylation and autophosphorylation, such as peptidyl-tyrosine and protein kinase C phosphorylation. Among these highly mutated genes, mutations of PTCH1 were associated with poor prognosis and increased recurrence of breast cancer, especially mutations in exons 22 and 23. The public sequencing data from the COSMIC database were exploited to predict the functions of the mutations. Our findings suggest that mutation of PTCH1 is correlated with early recurrence of breast cancer patients and will become a powerful predictor for recurrence of breast cancer.
The citrus flavonoid naringenin impairs the in vitro infection of human cells by Zika virus
Authors: Cataneo Allan Henrique Depieri , Kuczera Diogo , Koishi Andrea Cristine , Zanluca Camila , Silveira Guilherme Ferreira , Arruda Thais Bonato de , Suzukawa Andréia Akemi , Bortot Leandro Oliveira , Dias-Baruffi Marcelo , Verri Waldiceu Aparecido , Robert Anny Waloski , Stimamiglio Marco Augusto , Duarte dos Santos Claudia Nunes , Wowk Pryscilla Fanini , Bordignon Juliano 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus that belongs to theFlaviviridaefamily. The ZIKV infection is usually asymptomatic or is associated with mild clinical manifestations; however, increased numbers of cases of microcephaly and birth defects have been recently reported. To date, neither a vaccine nor an antiviral treatment has become available to control ZIKV replication. Among the natural compounds recognized for their medical properties, flavonoids, which can be found in fruits and vegetables, have been found to possess biological activity against a variety of viruses. Here, we demonstrate that the citrus flavanone naringenin (NAR) prevented ZIKV infection in human A549 cells in a concentration-dependent and ZIKV-lineage independent manner. NAR antiviral activity was also observed when primary human monocyte-derived dendritic cells were infected by ZIKV. NAR displayed its antiviral activity when the cells were treated after infection, suggesting that NAR acts on the viral replication or assembly of viral particles. Moreover, a molecular docking analysis suggests a potential interaction between NAR and the protease domain of the NS2B-NS3 protein of ZIKV which could explain the anti-ZIKV activity of NAR. Finally, the results support the potential of NAR as a suitable candidate molecule for developing anti-ZIKV treatments.