bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disruption of a primary health care domestic violence and abuse service in two London boroughs: interrupted time series evaluation
Authors: Panovska-Griffiths Jasmina , Sohal Alex Hardip , Martin Peter , Capelas Estela Barbosa , Johnson Medina , Howell Annie , Lewis Natalia , Feder Gene , Griffiths Chris , Eldridge Sandra 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) is experienced by about 1/3 of women globally and remains a major health concern worldwide. IRIS (Identification and Referral to Improve Safety of women affected by DVA) is a complex, system-level, training and support programme, designed to improve the primary healthcare response to DVA. Following a successful trial in England, since 2011 IRIS has been implemented in eleven London boroughs. In two boroughs the service was disrupted temporarily. This study evaluates the impact of that service disruption.Methods We used anonymised data on daily referrals received by DVA service providers from general practices in two IRIS implementation boroughs that had service disruption for a period of time (six and three months). In line with previous work we refer to these as boroughs B and C. The primary outcome was the number of daily referrals received by the DVA service provider across each borough over 48 months (March 2013-April 2017) in borough B and 42 months (October 2013-April 2017) in borough C. The data were analysed using interrupted-time series, non-linear regression with sensitivity analyses exploring different regression models. Incidence Rate Ratios (IRRs), 95% confidence intervals and p-values associated with the disruption were reported for each borough.Results A mixed-effects negative binomial regression was the best fit model to the data. In borough B, the disruption, lasted for about six months, reducing the referral rate significantly (p=0.006) by about 70% (95%CI=(23%,87%)). In borough C, the three-month service disruption, also significantly (p=0.005), reduced the referral rate by about 49% (95% CI=(18%,68%)). Conclusions Disrupting the IRIS service substantially reduced the rate of referrals to DVA service providers. Our findings are evidence in favour of continuous funding and staffing of IRIS as a system level programme.
Changes in health inequalities for patients with diabetes among middle-aged and elderly in China from 2011 to 2015
Authors: Cao Guizhen , Cui Zhizhen , Ma Qinghua , Wang Congju , Xu Yong , Sun Hongpeng , Ma Yana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this paper is to measure income-related health inequality among middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes in China from 2011 to 2015 and to investigate factors that might be related to this inequality.Methods: The data for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study that was carried out in 2011, 2013 and 2015. In total, 48519 Chinese middle-aged and elderly population were included (15457 in 2011, 16576 in 2013 and 16486 in 2015). A principal component analysis was performed to measure asset-based economic status. The concentration index was used to measure income-related inequality in patients with diabetes. Additionally, by used generalized linear model, we decomposed the concentration index to identify factors that explained wealth-related inequality in patients with diabetes.Results: The prevalence of self-reported diabetes among middle-aged and elderly Chinese was 5.61%, 7.49% and 8.99% in 2011, 2013 and 2015, respectively. The concentration indices and 95% confidence intervals for diabetes were 0.1359 (0.0525-0.0597), 0.1207 (0.0709-0.0789), 0.1021 (0.0855-0.0942) in 2011, 2013, and 2015, respectively, which are indicative of inequality that favors the rich. The decomposition of the concentration index showed that residence (39.38%), BMI (31.16%), education (7.28%), and region (6.09%) had positive contributions to the measured inequality in diabetes in China in 2015. Age (-29.93%) had a negative contribution to inequality.Conclusion: The findings confirm a health inequality in diabetes that favor the rich. Furthermore, the inequality declined from 2011 to 2015. We suggest that policy and intervention strategies should be developed to alleviate this health inequality, such as narrow the gap between urban and rural areas by improving the urban-rural medical insurance scheme, implementing strategies to enhance hygiene health education, control obesity rate.
Clients’ satisfaction with malaria in pregnancy preventive services in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Obagha Chijioke Emmanuel , Ajayi IkwOluwakpo , Abdullahi Gobir A. , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Burden of Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) is still high despite availability of proven cost-effective interventions. Considerable progress has been made on improving antenatal attendance but MIP preventive services utilization remains low. Factors responsible for this include dissatisfaction with the services provided. We assessed clients’ satisfaction with preventative services for malaria during pregnancy delivered at antenatal clinics (ANC) in Anambra State Nigeria.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 284 pregnant women attending ANC using a three-stage sampling technique. Pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographics, knowledge of malaria in pregnancy services and satisfaction with services. Responses to questions on satisfaction was on a 5-point Likert scale. A cut off of ≥75% of composite score was used to classify respondents as satisfied. For knowledge, every correct answer was scored 1 and incorrect 0; ≥75% of the composite score was graded as good knowledge. Chi square and logistic regression were used to test for association between client satisfaction and independent variables. Results: The mean age of participants is 28 years±4.4 years. Overall 62.2% were satisfied with quality of preventive services for malaria during pregnancy. However, 64.8% and 57.8% were dissatisfied with cost of healthcare and interpersonal relationship with the health workers (HWs). Majority of the of respondents (88.73%) had poor knowledge of malaria preventive services during pregnancy. Type of facility (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.11; 95%CI: 1.20-3.71) and knowledge (aOR: 0.41; 95%CI: 0.18 – 0.90) were independently associated with satisfaction with interpersonal relationship respectively. Type of facility (aOR: 0.47; 95%CI: 0.27-0.80) and employment status (aOR: 3.07; 95%CI: 1.39 -6.74) were also independently associated with satisfaction with cost of healthcare. Conclusion: A fair proportion of respondents were satisfied with the preventive services for malaria during pregnancy provided even though most were dissatisfied with the cost of assessing care and interpersonal relationship with health workers. Uninterrupted availability of LLIN and IPT at all health facilities, subsidized cost of malaria-related commodities, and incentives for good customer satisfaction ratings may remediate the described barriers to seeking preventative care for malaria during pregnancy
Pre-application of dentin bonding agent prevents discoloration caused by mineral trioxide aggregate
Authors: Choi Yoo-Lim , Jang Young-Eun , Kim Bom Sahn , Kim Jin-Woo , Kim Yemi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate tooth discoloration by newly developed calcium silicate-based materials, and to examine the pre-application of dentin bonding agent (DBA) for preventing discoloration caused by mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).Methods: The roots of 50 premolars were randomly divided into five groups (n=10) and cavities were prepared from resected root surfaces. MTA was placed in the cavities of teeth belonging to the ProRoot MTA (MTA) and RetroMTA (RMTA) groups. For teeth belonging to the ProRoot + DBA (MTA-B) and RetroMTA + DBA (RMTA-B) groups, DBA was first applied to the cavities prior to the addition of MTA. Teeth in the control group were restored with composite resin only (i.e., without MTA). After 12 weeks, MTA was removed from the MTA and RMTA groups and bleaching agents were applied for 3 additional weeks. Color assessments were recorded at baseline, and 1, 4, and 12 weeks, as well as after bleaching. A one-way ANOVA was performed to assess the differences between the two types of MTAs and color changes following DBA pre-application in each MTA group. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered indicative of statistical significance.Results: Following 12 weeks of MTA treatment, there was a significant difference between the discoloration in the MTA and RMTA groups (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the RMTA and RMTA-B groups (p > 0.05). Following bleaching, the color changes (ΔE values) of the MTA group were not significantly different from those of the MTA-B group (p > 0.05). The difference of ΔE between the RMTA group after internal bleaching and the RMTA-B group was also not significant (p > 0.05).Conclusions: RetroMTA caused significantly less discoloration than ProRoot MTA. Pre-application of DBA reduced discoloration caused by ProRoot MTA. MTA discoloration was improved equally well between DBA pre-application and post-bleaching.
Physiological Effects of Different Recruitment Maneuvers in a Pig Model of ARDS
Authors: Xia Feiping , Pan Chun , Wang Lihui , Liu Ling , Liu Songqiao , Guo Fengmei , Yang Yi , Huang Yingzi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), lung recruitment maneuvers can recruit collapsed alveoli in gravity-dependent lung regions, improving the homogeneity of ventilation distribution. This study used electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to investigate the physiological effects of different recruitment maneuvers for alveolar recruitment in a pig model of ARDS. Methods: ARDS was induced in ten healthy male pigs with repeated bronchoalveolar lavage until the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (P/F ratio) was < 100 mmHg and remained stable for 30 minutes (TARDS). ARDS pigs underwent three sequential recruitment maneuvers, including sustained inflation (SI), increments of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) (IP), and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) applied in random order, with 30 mins at a PEEP of 5 cmH2O between maneuvers. Respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, arterial blood gas, and EIT were recorded at baseline, TARDS, and before and after each recruitment maneuver.Results: In all ten pigs, ARDS was successfully induced with a mean 2.8±1.03L (2800±1032.80ml) bronchoalveolar lavages. PaO2, SO2, P/F, and compliance were significantly improved after recruitment with SI, IP or PCV (all p<0.05), and there were no significant differences between maneuvers. Global inhomogeneity (GI) was significantly decreased after recruitment with SI, IP, or PCV. There were no significant differences in GI before or after recruitment with the different maneuvers. The decrease in GI (ΔGI) was significantly greater after recruitment with IP compared to SI (p=0.023), but there was no significant difference in ΔGI between IP and PCV.Conclusion: SI, IP, and PCV increased oxygenation, and regional and global compliance of the respiratory system, and decreased inhomogeneous gas distribution in ARDS pigs. IP significantly improved inhomogeneity of the lung compared to SI.
Mix Of Destinations And Sedentary Behavior Among Brazilian Adults: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Florindo Alex Antonio , Turrel Gavin , Garcia Leandro Martin Totaro , Barbosa Joao João Paulo dos Anjos Souza , Cruz Michele Santos , Failla Marcelo Antunes , Aguiar Breno Souza , Barrozo Ligia Vizeu , Goldbaum Moises 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior is influenced by contextual, social and individual factors, including the built environment. However, associations between the built environment and sitting time have not been extensively investigated in countries with economies in transition such as Brazil. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between sitting-time and access to a mix of destinations for adults from Sao Paulo city, Brazil. Methods: This study uses data from the Sao Paulo Health Survey (n=3,145). Sedentary behavior was assessed by questionnaire using two questions: total sitting time in minutes on a usual weekday; and on a usual weekend day. Mix of destinations was measured by summing the number of facilities (comprising bus stops, train/subway stations, parks, squares, public recreation centres, bike paths, primary health care units, supermarkets, food stores, bakeries, and coffee-shops) within 500m of each participant’s residence. Minutes of sitting time in a typical weekday and weekend day were the outcomes and mix of destinations score in 500m buffers was the exposure variable. Associations between mix of destinations and sitting time were examined using multilevel linear regression: these models accounted for clustering within census tracts and households and adjusted for environmental, sociodemographic, and health-related factors. Results: After adjustment for covariates, mix of destinations was inversely associated with minutes of sitting time on a weekday (β=-8.8, p=0.001) and weekend day (β=-6.1, p=0.022). People who lived in areas with a greater mix of destinations had shorter average sitting times. Conclusion: Greater mix of destinations within 500m of peoples’ residences were inversely associated with sitting time on a typical weekday and weekend day. In Latin American cities like Sao Paulo built environments more favorable for walking may contribute to reducing sedentary behavior and prevent associated chronic disease.
Influenza A virus antagonizes type I and type II interferon responses via SOCS1-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of JAK1
Authors: Du Yinping , Yang Fan , Wang Qiuxia , Xu Nuo , Xie Yizhang , Chen Sujuan , Qin Tao , Peng Da-Xin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although influenza A virus (IAV) employs diverse strategies to evade IFN responses by inhibiting the synthesis of IFN, how IAV regulates signaling downstream of IFN is incompletely understood.METHODS: In this study, we used Western blot-based protein analysis coupled with RT-qPCR, overexpression and RNA interference to investigate the regulation of JAK1 by IAV infection.RESULTS: The results indicated that JAK1 was ubiquitinated and degraded, resulting in inhibition of type I and type II IFN responses, demonstrating that IAV antagonizes the IFN-activated JAK/STAT signaling pathway by inducing the degradation of JAK1. Furthermore. IAV infection upregulated the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) protein SOCS1, and SOCS1 mediated the ubiquitination and degradation of JAK1. CONCLUSION: Collectively, our findings suggest that IAV infection induces SOCS1 expression to promote JAK1 degradation, which in turn inhibits host innate immune responses.
Regret over the delay in childbearing decision negatively associates with life satisfaction among Japanese women and men seeking fertility treatment: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Adachi Tomoko , Endo Masayuki , Ohashi Kazutomo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, in developed countries, increasing numbers of women and men are delaying childbearing but begin seeking fertility treatment later in life. Some women undergoing infertility treatment develop negative feelings such as depression associated with low life satisfaction and regret over the delay in childbearing. We therefore examine the association of life satisfaction with regret over the delay in childbearing decision and infertility-related factors among Japanese women and men seeking fertility treatment.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 253 women and 196 men referred to fertility facilities in Japan from July to December 2018. Participants completed a questionnaire on life satisfaction, regret over the delay in childbearing decision, infertility-related factors and sociodemographic characteristics. Life satisfaction was measured using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the degree of regret over delay in childbearing decision was measured on a 7-point Likert scale. Multiple linear regressions, conducted separately by gender, were used to analyze the association of life satisfaction with regret over the delay in childbearing decision and infertility-related factors.Results: Of the 253 women and 196 men, 102 (40.3%) women and 43 (21.9%) men answered “strongly agree” regarding their regret over the delay in childbearing decision. Among women, life satisfaction was negatively associated with regret (β = -0.155, 95% CI [-0.938, -0.093], p = 0.017), use of assisted reproduction technology (ART) (β = -0.135, 95% CI [-2.977, -0.020], p = 0.047). In contrast, previous live birth was positively associated with life satisfaction (β = 0.134, 95% CI [0.12, 3.739], p = 0.037). In men, we found no significant association of life satisfaction with regret over the delay in childbearing decision and infertility-related factors.Conclusions: Regret over the delay in childbearing decision is negatively associated with life satisfaction among Japanese women seeking fertility treatment. It may be important for women to make better informed decision regarding the timing of childbearing to not regret later in life. Health professionals should address regret over the delay in childbearing decision during fertility treatment and explore ways to spread information on fertility awareness.
HLA-Mismatched GPBSCs infusion therapy in refractory Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A observational study from a single center
Authors: Song Yue , Wang Jingshi , Wang Yini , Wang Zhao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe or even fatal inflammatory state. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection associated HLH (EBV-HLH) is one of the most common secondary HLH and suffers a very poor prognosis. Allo-HSCT is often required for refractory EBV-HLH, but some patients still cannot proceed to the next allo-HSCT due to various factors. This study aimed to observe the efficacy of HLA-mismatched granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (GPBSCs) infusion for refractory EBV-HLH. Methods: A retrospective case-control study of refractory EBV-HLH patients with GPBSCs infusion from HLA-mismatched donors after chemotherapy (as GPBSCs group) and sole chemotherapy (as control group) was performed. Efficacy was evaluated 2 and 4 weeks and all patients were followed up until 1 March 2018.Results: There were 18 cases who accepted infusion between March 2016 and Sep 2017 and 19 were randomly selected from refractory EBV-HLH patients who underwent salvage therapy during the same period for the control group. In GPBSCs group, WBC (p=0.017), Fbg (p=0.040), ferritin (p=0.039) improved significantly after treatment. The overall response rate was 66.7% (CR 22.2%, PR 44.4%). However, there is no significant differences in changes of WBC, HGB, PLT, TG, Fbg, Ferritin, AST, ALT, T-bil between two groups. Only the Fbg level was recovered better in the GPBSCs infusion group (p=0.003). In the GPBSCs group, EBV-DNA decreased significantly after 2 weeks (p=0.001) and 4 weeks (p=0.012) after treatment, and the effect of the decrease was significantly better than that of the chemotherapy alone group in 2 weeks but not 4 weeks (p2w=0.011, p4w=0.145). The median survival time in the infusion group was 20.4 weeks [95%CI 10.9, 29.9], and the median survival time in the control group was 10.8 weeks [95%CI 0-24.34]. In the short-term, the infusion group’s survival rate was better (2-month 88.89% vs. 52.63%, p=0.008; 3-month 83.33% vs. 47.09%, p=0.012), but there was no difference in OS (p=0.287). Conclusions: Infusing GPBSCs combined with chemotherapy is effective, especially in decreasing EBV-DNA, performs better than chemotherapy alone, and improve short term survival rate. GPBSCs infusion is suggested as a bridging treatment method to allo-HSCT.
Prevalence and determinants of virological failure, genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV in a minority area in China: a population-based study
Authors: Yuan Dan , Liu Meijing , Jia Peng , Li Yiping , Huang Yuling , Ye Li , Api Laze , Chen Maogang , Yao Liang , Wang Zixin , Liu Honglu , Liang Shu , Yang Shujuan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is one of the areas that most severely affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China, and virological failure on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is serious in this area. Analyses of prevalence and determinants of ART failure, the genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) helps improve HIV treatment efficiency and prevent HIV transmission.Methods: A total of 5157 PLWH were recruited from 2016 to 2017. The venous blood samples were subjected to RT-PCR, followed by sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene, targeting the protease and reverse transcriptase fragments. HIV-1 diversity was analyzed using the DNAStar software and drug resistance mutations were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.Results: A total of 2156 (41.81%) PLWH showed virological failure on ART. Males (ORm=1.25), heterosexual behaviors and drug injection (ORm=1.44) and mother to child transmission routes (ORm=1.58), the clinical stage of AIDS (ORm=1.35), having used illicit drugs and shared the needles (1-4 times: ORm=1.34; more than 5 times: ORm=1.52), having ever replaced ART regimen (ORm=1.48) increased the risk of virological failure among PLWH, while higher education lever (ORm=0.77) and ≥12 months on ART (12~36 months: ORm=0.72; ≥36 months: ORm=0.66) was associated with lower likelihood of virological failure. The data revealed that CRF07_BC (1508, 95.62%) were the most common strains, and the drug-resistant rate was 32.10% among PLWH with virological failure in this area. The high frequencies of drug resistance were found in EFV and NVP of NNRTIs, ABC, FTC and 3TC of NRTIs, and TPV/r in PIs. The most common mutations in NNRTIs, NRTIs and PIs were K103N/KN (64.69%), M184V/MV/I (36.29%) and Q58E/QE (4.93%), respectively.Conclusion: We concluded that surveillance of virological failure, HIV-1 subtypes, and drug resistance to understand HIV-1 epidemiology and guide modification of ART guidelines, and target prevention and control strategies should be formatted to reduce the virological failure and drug resistance to promote viral suppression and prevent HIV-1 transmission.