bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Онтологічна риторика в контексті сучасного соціально-гуманітарного дослідження
Authors: Палагута Вадим 
Published: December 2024

Актуальність. Стаття розглядає в контексті «онтологічного повороту» у соціально-гуманітарному пізнанні особливості онтологічної риторики, яка з нових позицій розкриває глибинний зміст соціально-політичних реалій для життєдіяльності індивіда у сучасному глобалізованому суспільстві. Надається новий зміст риториці як новітньої стратегії втілення відношень між соціальним, політичним та індивідуальним виміром буття у сучасному світі.
Метою статті є висвітлення витоків, особливостей, значення та перспектив використання онтологічної риторики у соціально-гуманітарному пізнанні.
Результати. При розгляданні витоків та особливостей онтологічної риторики встановлено, що одними із фундаторів онтологічної риторики в плані взаємозв’язку риторичних форм, як основи мовленнєвих практик та формування індивідуальної суб’єктності, є французький філософ і психоаналітик Ж. Лакан; а розробці принципів онтологічної риторики присвятив свій науковий шлях Є. Лаклау, який спирався на розробки Ф. де Сосюра, Р. Якобсона, П. де Мана, Ж. Женетта. Розглянуто специфіка металогічних конструкцій, починаючи від континууму метонімії та метафори та закінчуючи висвітленням значущості в сучасному соціально-політичному і гуманітарному пізнанні катахрези. На думку автора, подальше розширення онтологічна риторика набуде не тільки за рахунок базисного тропу, як катахреза, а й із залученням таких стилістичних фігур та тропів, як – амфіболія, перифраза, антитеза, парадокс, еліпс, аномінація, алюзія, апосіопеза (замовчування), антономазія, гіпотипоза.
Висновки. Доведено, що використання онтологічної риторики у соціально-політичному та гуманітарному вимірі дозволить зв’язати в єдиний вузол соціальне, політичне з індивідуальним буттям людини. Простежено вплив французького філософа та психоаналітика Ж. Лакана на формування основних положень онтологічної риторики Е. Лаклау, яка спирається на значення мови та мовлення для індивіда, які визначаються переважно несвідомими процесами та розповсюджуються у сучасності на соціально-політичні явища. Доведено, що онтологічна риторика базується на основі нового розуміння риторики та потребує залучення інших стилістичних фігур, не тільки метафори та метонімії, а й катахрези та споріднених з нею тропів, які причетні до утворення нових смислів, тобто мають тотожні смислові характеристики. Показано, що онтологічну риторику можна представляти в більш широкому контексті, оскільки тропологічні моделі стають способом побудови логічних моделей несвідомих процесів, що зумовлюють створення та особливості функціонування всіх знакових систем. В якості перспективи для майбутніх досліджень існує потреба в розробці міждисциплінарної методології, яка буде в змозі поєднати онтологічну риторику не тільки з соціальною та політичною філософію та теоретичним психоаналізом, а й розширити її з залученням інших напрямків соціально-гуманітарного дослідження.
FcγRIIa-mediated antibody-dependent uptake of SARS-CoV-2 enhances IL-6 expression of monocytes
Authors: Mese Kemal , Maguilla Rosado Esther , Lüder Carsten G.K. , Abdel-Moneim Ahmed Sayed , Jordan Patrick , Schwanbeck Julian , Bunz Oskar , Lugert Raimond , Bohne Wolfgang , Gao Jian , Dudakova Anna , Groß Uwe , Zautner Andreas E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work aimed to investigate interactions between antibody-opsonized SARS-CoV-2 and monocytes enriched from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to determine whether antibody dependent enhancement might contribute to the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Pre-incubation of SARS-CoV-2 with sera from hospitalized COVID-19 patients led to significantly increased virus uptake and viral replication in monocytes. Remarkably, SARS-CoV-2 pre-incubated with sera from patients with severe COVID-19 but not those with mild disease or post vaccination strongly increased IL-6 secretion by monocytes. Antibody dependent viral uptake was partially inhibited by monoclonal anti-FcγRIIa antibody whereas IL-6 secretion was completely abolished. FcγRIIa preferentially binds IgG2, and sera from patients with severe COVID-19 contained lower IgG2 levels as compared to mild COVID-19 cases whereas IgG1 levels were increased. These data suggests that FcγRIIa-mediated binding of antibody-opsonized SARS-CoV-2 critically impacts monocytic inflammatory cytokine release and COVID-19 pathophysiology.
Tumor and peritumoral tissue hormonal background features in patients with rare types of endometrial cancer
Authors: Frantsiyants E. M. , Bandovkina V. A. , Menshenina A. P. , Moiseenko T. I. , Rogozin M. A. , Pogorelova Yu. A. , Kaplieva I. V. , Surikova E. I. , Neskubina I. V. , Cheryarina N. D. , Verenikina E. V. 
Published: December 2024

Serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma (SEIC) and clear cell carcinoma of the endometrium (CCEC) belong to pathogenetic type II without evidence of hyperestrogenism, are often detected late in the course of the disease, and are characterized by an aggressive course. Currently, there is increasing interest in the role of local content and metabolism of steroid hormones in organs and tissues in various pathologies, including the development of malignant tumors. Purpose of the study. To determine the local level of sex hormones in patients with SEIC and CCEC. Patients and methods. The study included 21 patients with SEIC and 20 patients with CCEC. The control group consisted of 20 patients who had undergone surgical treatment for uterine myoma. All patients were treated at the National Medical Research Center for Oncology, Rostov‑on‑ Don, the Russian Federation Ministry of Health. The local levels of estrogens and androgens were determined in the tumor tissue, the perifocal zone, endometrial tissue unaffected by the tumor process, and the fallopian tube tissue in patients with SEIC and CCEC. In the control group, the local level of sex hormones was determined in intact 10 % homogenic endometrial tissue. Results. The data were analyzed, and the results demonstrated that the tumors and peritumoral tissues exhibited a depletion of estradiol (E2), a saturation of testosterone, and an extreme saturation of estriol (E3). The consequence of this imbalance was the predominance of fetal placental estrogen (E3), which was detected not only in the tumor tissue but also in distant parts of the endometrium and uterine tubes. In these regions, the concentration of E3 exceeded that of intact endometrium by a factor of more than five. A comparison of estrogen receptor (ER) levels revealed elevated levels in samples of the tumor, its perifocal zone, distant endometrium, and fallopian tubes. This finding indicated a predominance of ERα over ERβ. Conclusion. The local hormonal background of rare forms of non‑endometrioid endometrial carcinomas exhibits distinctive characteristics, including the replacement of the influence of classical estrogen (E2) by fetal, placental E3. Additionally, there is a notable prevalence of the REα type over REβ, along with hyperandrogenization of tissues, which culminates in the formation of a unique low‑differentiated tumor with pronounced biological aggressiveness.
Analysis of software methods for metal computed tomography artifact reduction: experimental research
Authors: Petraikin A. V. , Vasilev Yu. A. , Artyukova Z. R. , Smorchkova A. K. , Semenov D. S. , Baulin А. А. , Alikhanov A. A. , Erizhokov R. A. , Omelyanskaya O. V. 
Published: December 2024

X‑ray density of biological tissues is an important diagnostic parameter. Metal structures in the CT scanning area distort it, creating artifacts. Thus, hip joint endoprostheses (HJE) often complicate visualization of nearby soft tissue structures of the pelvic organs, which can interfere with the qualitative and quantitative analysis of changes when assessing the prevalence of the oncological process in this area. It is possible to correct these distortions using software methods, bringing the Hounsfield units (HU) values closer to the true ones. Purpose of the study. To conduct a visual (qualitative) and quantitative assessment of metal artifacts in CT images using software methods for their reduction. Materials and methods. A phantom was used for quantitative assessment: a plexiglass cylinder with a HJE in the center and test tubes with potassium hydrophosphate solution around it. The study was performed on a CT scanner with (FBP, iDose, iMR) reconstruction algorithms and O‑MAR technology for artifact suppression. The mean values and standard deviation of HU, the degree of susceptibility to artifacts were measured. Image quality was visually assessed using a five‑point Likert scale. Results. The use of the O‑MAR algorithm does not distort HU in the absence of an HJE and smoothens the HU distribution in its presence. Deviation from the specified values at the level of the HJE neck decreased from 32–36 HU without O‑MAR to ‑1.5 – ‑4.7 HU with O‑MAR. The minimum noise was observed for iMR with O‑MAR at the level of the neck (31.6 HU) and stem (6.2 HU) of the HJE, the maximum – for FBP without O‑MAR (77.0 and 33.2 HU, respectively). The quality assessment was best for iMR with O‑MAR (3 points), the worst for FBP without O‑MAR (1.4 points). It was also shown that O‑MAR forms additional artifacts near the HJE. Conclusion. Metal artifact reduction algorithms do not distort the X‑ray density without an artifact source. In the presence of metal structures, the algorithms reduce HU deviations and improve visualization, but they can form additional artifacts in the form of areas of increased and decreased density, so it is necessary to combine them with reconstruction without artifact reduction. To reduce the noise level, as well as to increase the contrast sensitivity, the use of model iterative reconstruction technology is optimal.
Capsular contracture after performing reconstructive plastic surgery in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Petrosyants S. V. , Ivanov D. V. 
Published: December 2024

Reconstructive breast surgery, including the use of silicone endoprostheses after radical mastectomy, is an integral part of the comprehensive treatment of breast cancer patients. One of the serious long‑term complications of reconstructive surgery is capsular contracture (CC). Purpose of the study. To analyze the literature data on the etiopathogenesis of periprosthetic capsule (PC) defects and the possibilities of reducing the risk of CC after breast reconstructive surgery. Materials and methods. The literature was searched using PubMed, eLibrary, Cyberleninka databases. The following keywords were used: "breast reconstruction", "capsular contracture", "radiation therapy", "polyurethane", "breast implant", "mesh implant". Original studies, meta‑analyses, randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews were used. Results. The exact etiology of the development of CC has not yet been established. The main pathogenetic mechanism of CC development is chronic inflammation followed by the formation of capsular fibrosis. Radiation therapy significantly increases the risk of developing CC due to the development of fibrotic changes not only in the PC, but also the occurrence of fibrosis of the pectoralis major muscle. The frequency of CC is higher when using adjuvant radiation therapy, compared with neoadjuvant or no radiation therapy, as well as with dual‑plane reconstruction compared with pre‑pectoral placement of the endoprosthesis. The use of a polyurethane endoprosthesis in simultaneous pre‑pectoral breast reconstruction significantly reduces the risk of developing CC in the case of adjuvant radiation therapy, in comparison with textured endoprostheses. One of the ways to reduce the risk of developing CC in breast cancer can be considered the installation of mesh implants, which contributes to the augmentation of the integumentary tissues and improves the stability of the breast endoprosthesis in conditions of tissue deficiency. Conclusion. Simultaneous pre‑pectoral breast reconstruction based on polyurethane endoprosthesis and mesh implants can be considered as a promising technique for reducing the risk of developing CC. There is a positive trend towards reducing the risk of developing CC against the background of adjuvant radiation therapy. Further research is needed related to the reduction of the risk of developing CC.
PEMBELAJARAN SENAM IRAMA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEBUGARAN JASMANI DAN MENTAL SISWA KELAS 4C SDN KASIN MALANG
Authors: Yamin Muhammad Naufal Muzhaffar 
Published: December 2024

Pembelajaran senam irama di sekolah dasar masih sering terkesan monoton dan kurang variatif, sehingga siswa merasa bosan dan tidak tertarik untuk mengikuti pembelajaran. Hal ini mengakibatkan rendahnya tingkat kebugaran jasmani dan mental siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran senam irama yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani dan mental siswa kelas 4C SDN Kasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi pembelajaran, wawancara guru, dan tes kebugaran jasmani dan mental siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran senam irama berbasis permainan merupakan model pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani dan mental siswa kelas 4C SDN Kasin. Model pembelajaran ini menggunakan berbagai macam permainan dalam pembelajaran senam irama, sehingga siswa merasa senang dan termotivasi untuk belajar. Selain itu, model pembelajaran ini juga dapat meningkatkan minat dan motivasi siswa dalam belajar senam irama. Penelitian ini memiliki beberapa keterbatasan, yaitu jumlah subjek penelitian yang terbatas, durasi penelitian yang singkat, dan kurangnya variasi permainan yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran senam irama. Meskipun memiliki beberapa keterbatasan, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi yang bermanfaat bagi pengembangan model pembelajaran senam irama yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani dan mental siswa.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Dengan Pemanfaatan Media Parikan (Papan Tarik Pecahan) Siswa Kelas IV SD
Authors: Wahyuningsih Dia , Hariani Lilik Sri , Rukmini Choiriyah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to improve student learning outcomes in fractional material Mathematics subjects worth the use of Fractional Pull Board (PARIKAN) learning media in grade IV SDN Gadang 2 Malang. The type of research conducted was classroom action research with subjects of all grade IV students of SDN Gadang 2 Malang totaling 26 students. The research model used is Kemmis and McTaggart through 4 stages, namely planning, action or implementation (act), observation (observ), and reflection (reflect). Data collection techniques in this study are observation, learning outcome tests, and documentation. The results showed that the application of learning media can improve learning outcomes in Mathematics subjects of fractional material value. This can be seen from the pre-cycle results of the percentage of students who were completed by 8%, in the first cycle there was an increase with the acquisition of student learning outcomes by 50%, and for improvement and good results, actions were taken in the second cycle so as to obtain complete student results of 81%. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Fractional Pull Board (PARIKAN) learning media can improve student learning outcomes in fractional material Mathematics subjects worth grade IV SDN Gadang 2 Malang.
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu guna meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika siswa pada materi pecahan senilai dengan pemanfaatan media pembelajaran Papan Tarik Pecahan (PARIKAN) di kelas IV SDN Gadang 2 Malang. Jenis dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan seluruh siswa kelas IV SDN Gadang 2 Kota Malang sebagai subjeknya sejumlah 26 siswa. Model penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Kemmis dan McTaggart melalui 4 tahapan yaitu perencanaan (plan), tindakan atau pelaksanaan (act), observasi (observ), dan refleksi (reflect). Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu observasi, tes hasil belajar, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan dari penggunaan media pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika yaitu pecahan senilai. Hasil penelitian tersebut dapat diketahui dari hasil pra siklus persentase siswa yang tuntas sebesar 8%, pada siklus I terjadi peningkatan dengan perolehan hasil belajar siswa sebesar 50%, dan untuk penyempurnaan dan hasil yang baik dilakukan tindakan siklus II sehingga memperoleh hasil siswa yang tuntas sebesar 81%. Oleh karena itu dapat kita simpulkan penggunaan media pembelajaran Papan Tarik Pecahan (PARIKAN) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar materi matematika yaitu pecahan senilai kelas IV SDN Gadang 2 Malang.
Pengembangan Media Peta Digital Keberagaman Suku di Indonesia untuk Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sayoga Muhammad Farkhan , Cholifah Puri Selfi , Khotimah Khusnul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Today's learning media offers flexibility for users. The development of digital media maps of ethnic diversity in Indonesia was carried out with the aim of producing learning media that received validation from media experts and material experts, media that was practical for teachers to use, and attractive to students in class IV elementary schools. The subjects of this research were fourth grade students at Banjarejo Donomulyo 1 State Elementary School, in January 2023. The ADDIE model was applied in this research in five stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The instruments used were observation, interviews and questionnaires. Expert validation on products that have been developed obtained a percentage of 94.44 percent from media experts, and 86.11 percent from material experts. Media products obtained a percentage of 95 percent from practicality trials. And through the results of the attractiveness test, an average percentage of 91.67 percent was obtained from the one-on-one test, 90.71 percent from the small group test, and 94.01 percent from the large group test. Based on these results, the digital media map of ethnic diversity in Indonesia for Class IV Elementary Schools is categorized as valid, practical and interesting.
Abstrak: Media pembelajaran masa kini menawarkan fleksibilitas bagi pengguna. Pengembangan media peta digital keberagaman suku di Indonesia dilakukan dengan tujuan menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang mendapatkan validasi dari ahli media serta ahli materi, media yang praktis digunakan oleh guru, dan menarik bagi peserta didik di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kelas empat di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 1 Banjarejo Donomulyo, pada Januari 2023. Model ADDIE diterapkan pada penelitian ini dalam lima tahapan yakni Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Validasi ahli pada produk yang telah dikembangkan memperoleh persentase 94,44 persen dari ahli media, dan 86,11 persen dari ahli materi. Produk media memperoleh persentase 95 persen dari uji coba kepraktisan. Serta melalui hasil uji coba kemenarikan diperoleh rerata perentase 91,67 persen dari uji satu lawan satu, 90,71 persen dari uji kelompok kecil, dan 94,01 persen dari uji kelompok besar. Berdasarkan perolehan tersebut media peta digital keberagaman suku di Indonesia untuk Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar termasuk kategori valid, praktis, dan menarik.
Pelaksanaan Tema Kewirausahaan untuk Menumbuhkan Sikap Kewirausahaan Peserta Didik Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Febryanti Salsabila Trias , Suhartono Suhartono , Untari Esti 
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Entrepreneurship is one of the topics of project strengthening the profile of Pancasila students, which applies at the elementary school level. The school has been given the authority for determining topics that will be enhanced in every class or phase. Throughout the entrepreneurial activities, students’ creativity in entrepreneurship will be expanded furthermore. The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of the entrepreneurial theme, entrepreneurial attitudes, and obstacles to implementing the entrepreneurial theme at SDN Sawojajar 4 Malang. This research uses a descriptive method and a qualitative approach. The data is obtained by observation, interviews, and documentation. The data outcome is approved with the triangles technique. The results show that SDN Sawojajar 4 Malang has been applying the entrepreneurial theme in the Curriculum Merdeka which is adjusted to school environment conditions. The entrepreneurship theme had been carrying by narrating with the P5 teaching module which teachers and effort to develop an entrepreneurial behavior through the innovate lesson.
Abstrak: Kewirausahaan merupakan salah satu dari beberapa tema project penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila yang dapat diterapkan di sekolah dasar. Sekolah diberikan kewenangan untuk menentukan tema yang akan dikembangkan pada setiap kelas maupun fase. Melalui kegiatan kewirausahaan, kreativitas peserta didik dalam bidang kewirausahaan akan ditumbuhkembangkan. Tujuan dari adanya penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan tema kewirausahaan, upaya menumbuhkan sikap kewirausahaan peserta didik, dan hambatan pelaksanaan tema kewirausaahan di SD Negeri Sawojajar 4 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan tema kewirausahaan di SD Negeri Sawojajar 4 Malang sudah diterapkan berdasarkan tema P5 dalam kurikulum merdeka yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi lingkungan sekolah. Tema kewirausahaan di SD Negeri Sawojajar 4 Malang telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan modul ajar P5 yang sudah disusun oleh guru dan upaya yang dilakukan untuk menumbuhkan sikap kewirausahaan peserta didik guru menerapkan kewirausahaan melalui muatan pembelajaran yang inovatif.