bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Sida rhombifolia L roots extract on Immobilization stress induced male infertility in rats
Authors: Biradar Prakash R. , Karade Ashwini 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Current study aimed to investigate protective effect of Sida rhombifolia L roots hydroalcoholic extract on immobilization stress induced male infertility in experimental rats. Male wistar rats (200-250g) were randomly divided into six groups (n=6). The male fertility enhancing activity was evaluated by sexual behavior, semen parameters, body weight, SGI, hematological parameters, vital and sexual accessory organ weight, histopathology by using standard procedure. GSH, SOD and LPO level were measured in testis tissues to evaluate antioxidant activity. The S. rhombifolia L. root hydroalcoholic extract indicated in vitro antioxidant activity on scavenging of hydroxy radicle, TAC and NO. Improvement in sperm quality i.e. count, motility, viability, Sexual behaviour, Body weight, sexual and vital organ weight, GSI, seminal fructose, Testicular cholesterol level, haematological parameters observed in treatment groups just like standard group. S. rhombifolia showed antioxidant capacity by lowering NO, MDA and elevated SOD in testis tissue. Investigations manifested that improved spermatogenesis in group treated with S. rhombifolia L in contrast with immobilization stress induced group resemblance to in silico finding study which revealed that SRR extract have adaptogenic and fertility enhancing effect.
Forecasting the Prevalence of COVID-19 in Maharashtra, Delhi, Kerala, and India using an ARIMA model
Authors: Marbaniang Strong P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aims: As the whole world was preparing to welcome the year 2020, a new deadly virus, COVID-19, was reported in the Wuhan city of China in late December 2019. By May 18, 2020, approximately 4.7 million cases and 0.32 million deaths had been reported globally. There is an urgent need to predict the COVID-19 prevalence to control the spread of the virus.Methods: Time-series analyses can help understand the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic and take appropriate measures to curb the spread of the disease. In this study, an ARIMA model was developed to predict the trend of COVID-19 prevalence in the states of Maharashtra, Delhi and Kerala, and India as a whole.Results: The prevalence of COVID-19 from 16 March 2020 to 17 May 2020 was collected from the website of Covid19india. Several ARIMA models were generated along with the performance measures. ARIMA (2,3,1), ARIMA (2,2,0), ARIMA (2,2,0), and ARIMA (1,3,1) with the lowest MAPE (5.430, 10.440, 2.607, and 2.390) for Maharashtra, Delhi, Kerala, and India were selected as the best fit models respectively. The findings show that over the next 20 days, the total number of confirmed COVID-19 cases may increase to 2.45 lakhs in India, 93,709 in Maharashtra, 19,847 in Delhi, and 925 in Kerala.Conclusion: The results of this study can throw light on the intensity of the epidemic in the future and will help the government administrations in Maharashtra, Delhi, and Kerala to formulate effective measures and policy interventions to curb the virus in the coming days.
Tissue plasminogen activator worsens experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by complementary actions on lymphoid and myeloid cell responses
Authors: Hélie Pauline , Toledano Celia Camacho , Miralles Antonio J , Ortega Maria Cristina , Sol Virginia Vila del , Lesec Léonie , Vivien Denis , Mauff Brigitte Le , Clemente Diego , Docagne Fabian , Toutirais Olivier 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is a serine protease involved in fibrinolysis. It is released by endothelial cells, but also expressed by neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Interestingly, this enzyme also contributes to pathological processes in the CNS such as neuroinflammation by activating microglia and increasing blood-brain-barrier permeability. Nevertheless, its role in the control of adaptive and innate immune response remains poorly understood.
Methods
tPA effects on myeloid and lymphoid cell response were studied in vivo in the mouse model of multiple sclerosis experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and in vitro in splenocytes.
Results
tPA−/− animals exhibited less severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis than their wild type counterparts. This was accompanied by a reduction in both lymphoid and myeloid cell populations in the spinal cord parenchyma. In parallel, tPA increased T cell activation and proliferation, as well as cytokine production by a protease-dependent mechanism and via plasmin generation. In addition, tPA raised the expression of MHC-II and the co-stimulatory molecule CD80 and CD86 at the surface of dendritic cells and macrophages by an effect dependent of the proteolytic activity of tPA and of the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor.
Conclusions
Our study provides new insights into the mechanisms responsible for the harmful functions of tPA in multiple sclerosis and its animal models: tPA promotes the proliferation and activation of both lymphoid and myeloid populations by distinct, though complementary, mechanisms.
Real-world effectiveness, treatment pattern, and safety of ranibizumab in Korean patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Subgroup analyses from the LUMINOUS study
Authors: Sagong Min , Woo Se Joon , Lee Youkyung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the real-world effectiveness, treatment patterns, and safety of ranibizumab in Korean patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
Methods
LUMINOUS™ is a 5-year, global, prospective, observational, open-label study. Adults aged ≥18 years who were either treatment-naïve or prior-treated were enrolled and treated with ranibizumab 0.5 mg per the local label. Outcome measures included mean (±standard deviation) changes from baseline in visual acuity (VA) and central retinal thickness (CRT), and rate of ocular and non-ocular adverse events (AEs).
Results
Overall, 367 Korean patients with nAMD (152 treatment-naïve and 215 prior-treated) were enrolled. The mean VA changes from baseline at 1-year were +10.1 (±21.77; P = 0.0005) and +1.4 (±15.17; P = 0.2142) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters, with mean number of injections of 5.2 and 3.4 in the treatment-naïve and prior-treated groups, respectively. VA gains were greater in patients with worse baseline VA, who received a loading dose, and with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated younger age, worse baseline VA, and those who received loading dose being associated with higher odds of any gain in VA at 1 year ( P < 0.05). Mean CRT changes from baseline were –126.7 (±174.90) µm ( P < 0.0001) and +10.8 (±89.52) µm ( P = 0.5833) in the treatment-naïve and prior-treated groups, respectively, with greater reductions observed in patients with PCV. Ocular and non-ocular AEs were reported in 8.4% (n=31) and 10.1% (n=37) of patients, respectively.
Conclusion
The LUMINOUS study confirms real-world effectiveness and safety of ranibizumab in Korean patients with nAMD; factors including age, baseline VA, and loading-dose were associated with VA gain at one-year post-treatment.
A Systematic and Meta-Analysis Review on the Diagnostic Accuracy of Antibodies in the Serological Diagnosis of COVID-19.
Authors: Vengesai Arthur , Midzi Herald , Kasambala Maritha , Mutandadzi Hamlet , Mduluza-Jok Tariro L. , Rusakaniko Simbarashe , Mutapi Francisca , Naicker Thajasvarie , Mdul Takafira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Serological testing based on different antibody types are an alternative method being used to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 and has the potential of having higher diagnostic accuracy compared to the current gold standard RT-PCR. Therefore, the objective of this review was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of IgG and IgM based Point-of-care (POC) lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA), chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLIA), fluorescence enzyme-linked immunoassay (FIA) and ELISA systems that detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens.Method: A systematic literature search was carried out in PubMed, Medline complete and MedRxiv. Studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of serological assays for SARS-CoV-2 were eligible. Study selection and data-extraction were done by two authors independently. QUADAS-2 checklist tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. The bivariate model and the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve model were performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the serological tests. Subgroup meta-analysis analyses was performed to explore the heterogeneity. Results: The pooled sensitivity for IgG, IgM and IgG-IgM based LFIA tests were 0.5856, 0.4637 and 0.6886 respectively compared to RT-PCR method. The pooled sensitivity for IgG and IgM based CLIA tests were 0.9311 and 0.8516 respectively compared to RT-PCR. The pooled sensitivity the IgG, IgM and IgG-IgM based ELISA tests were 0.8292, 0.8388 and 0.8531 respectively compared to RT-PCR. All tests displayed high specificities ranging from 0.9693 to 0.9991. Among the evaluated tests, IgG based CLIA expressed the highest sensitivity signifying its accurate detection of the largest proportion of infections identified by RT-PCR. ELISA and CLIA tests performed better in terms of sensitivity compared to LFIA. IgG based tests performed better compared to IgM ones expect for the ELISA. Conclusions: We report that IgG-IgM based ELISA tests have the best overall diagnostic test accuracy. Moreover, irrespective of the method, a combined IgG/IgM test seems to be a better choice in terms of sensitivity than measuring either antibody type independently. Given the poor performances of the current LFIA devices there is need for more research on the development of highly sensitivity and specific POC LFIA that are adequate for most individual patient applications and attractive for large sero-prevalence studies.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO Registration Number is: CRD42020179112
Niaoduqing Granules Inhibits TGF-β1-induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Renal Tubular Epithelial HK-2 Cells
Authors: Huo Chu-Ying , Yang Hua-Yi , Ning Wei-Min , Yu Lin-Zhong , Fan Chun-Lin , Quan Jing-Yu , Deng Li-Er , Yu Zhi-Ling , Liu Jun-Shan , Cao Hui-Hui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a worldwide public health burden. Niaoduqing granules (NDQ) is widely used for CRF treatment in China. However, the underlying mechanism of NDQ is not fully studied. This study is aimed to investigate whether NDQ ameliorate CRF by inhibiting TGF-β1-induced EMT in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells.Methods: MTT assay and colony formation assay were used to investigate the cytotoxicity of NDQ in HK-2 cells. Morphological changes of HK-2 cells after TGF-β1 or/and NDQ treatment were observed under a microscope. Wound-healing, migration and invasion assays were performed to determine the cell movement, migratory and invasive abilities, respectively. Western blot analysis was carried out to examine the protein levels of TGF-β type I receptor (TβRI) and EMT-associated factors. Fluorescence confocal microscopy was applied to observe the organization of F-actin.Results: NDQ suppressed TβRI expression dose-dependently. NDQ inhibited TGF-β1-stimulated EMT in HK-2 cells, supported by the evidences that NDQ prevented morphology change, attenuated cell migration and invasion, downregulated EMT factors and reorganized F-actin distribution in TGF-β1-stimulated HK-2 cells.Conclusions: NDQ attenuates chronic renal failure which may be associated with inhibition of TβRI expression and EMT process.
Dentin-derived Inorganic Minerals Promote the Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Applications for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Lei Gang , Wang Yanqiu , Yu Yan , Li Zehan , Lu Jiamin , Ge Xingyun , Li Na , Yu Jinhua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Oral and maxillofacial bone loss is highly prevalent among populations and nowadays increased attention has been focused on dentin derivatives as desirable graft materials for bone regeneration. In this study, dentin-derived inorganic minerals (DIM) were fabricated with a high-temperature calcination technique and the effects of DIM on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and the bone formation were elucidated.Methods The effects of DIM on BMMSCs proliferation, apoptosis capacity were evaluated by CCK-8, flow cytometry and EdU assays. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity detection, ALP staining, alizarin red staining and osteogenic markers expression analysis were performed to investigate the influence of DIM on the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, as well as the relevant signal mechanisms. The model of critical-sized defects in calvarium of rats was constructed for exploring the in vivo efficiency of DIM on bone regeneration.Results Cell viability assays indicated that DIM had no cytotoxicity. BMMSCs cultured with DIM presented a higher level of osteogenic differentiation ability than those in the control group. The activation in ERK and p38 signals was detected in DIM-treated BMMSCs, and both pathways and osteogenic process were suppressed while using ERK inhibitor U0126 and p38 inhibitor SB203580, respectively. Furthermore, the animal experiments revealed that DIM could dramatically enhance new bone formation compared to the control group.Conclusion All these results demonstrated that DIM could promote BMMSCs osteogenic differentiation via triggering ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways and be a novel predictable material for facilitating bone formation.
Regeneration of a Full-Thickness Defect of Rotator Cuff Tendon with Freshly Thawed Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Model
Authors: Yea Ji-Hye , Park Jin-Kyung , Kim InJa , Sym Gayoung , Bae Tae Soo , Jo Chris Hyunchul 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: It is difficult to immediately use mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the patient with rotator cuff disease because isolation and culture time are required. Thus, the MSCs would be prepared in advanced in cryopreserved condition for an “off-the-shelf” usage in clinic. This study investigated the efficacy of freshly thawed MSCs on the regeneration of a full-thickness tendon defect (FTD) of rotator cuff tendon in a rat model. Methods: We evaluated morphology, viability and proliferation of cultured umbilical cord-derived MSCs (C-UC MSCs) and freshly thawed umbilical cord-derived MSCs (T-UC MSCs) at passage 10 in vitro. In animal experiments, we created a FTD in the supraspinatus tendon of rats and injected the injured tendon with saline, cryopreserved agent (CPA; control), C-UC MSCs, and T-UC MSCs respectively. Two to four weeks later, macroscopic, histological and biomechanical changes were evaluated. T-test and ANOVA were used with SPSS. Differences with p < .05 were considered statistically significant.Results: T-UC MSCs had fibroblast-like morphology and showed greater than 97% viability and stable proliferation comparable to the C-UC MSCs at passage 10. In animal experiments, compared with the control group, the macroscopic appearance of the T-UC MSCs was further recovered at two and four weeks such as inflammation, defect size, neighboring tendon, swelling/redness and the connecting surrounding tissue and slidability. Histologically, compared to the control group the nuclear aspect ratio, orientation angle of fibroblasts, collagen organization and fiber coherence were improved by 33.33%, 42.75%, 1.86- and 1.99-fold and GAG-rich area was suppressed by 81.05% at four weeks. Further, the T-UC MSCs showed enhanced ultimate failure load by 1.55- and 1.25-fold compared with the control group at both two and four weeks. All the improved values of T-UC MSCs were comparable to those of C-UC MSCs. Conclusions: The morphology, viability and proliferation of T-UC MSCs are comparable to those of C-UC MSCs. Treatment with T-UC MSCs induces tendon regeneration of FTD at the macroscopic, histological and biomechanical levels comparable to treatment with C-UC MSCs.
Mitigative Efficacy of the Clinical Dosage Administration of Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor and Romiplostim in Mice With Severe Acute Radiation Syndrome
Authors: Yamaguchi Masaru , Suzuki Marino , Funaba Moeri , Chiba Akane , Kashiwakura Ikuo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:It has been reported that the high-dosage administration of domestically approved pharmaceutical drugs, especially granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and romiplostim (RP), is a rapid and appropriate medical treatment for preventing severe acute radiation syndrome (ARS) of victims exposed to lethal total-body irradiation (TBI). However, it remains unclear whether or not the clinical dosage administration of these drugs can ameliorate TBI-induced ARS and related high mortality in order to find various drug treatment options and less toxic optimum protocol depending on the situation surrounding the radiological accidents.Methods:We assessed the clinical dosageadministration in combination with G-CSF and RP as intraperitoneal injection in C57BL/6J mice exposed to more than 7-Gy lethal dose of X-ray TBI for the survival studyevaluated by the log-rank test. Bone marrow and splenic cellswere collected on the 21st day, when1 week have passed from last administration, to detect the level of cell apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-related anti-oxidative gene expressions, and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assayusing serawas performed for cell senescence and inflammationstatusanalyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer or Bonferroni/Dunn multiple comparison tests.Results: The combined once-daily administration of 10 μg/kg G-CSF for 4 times and 10 μg/kgRP once a week for 3 times improve the 30-day survival rate of lethal TBI mice compared with untreated TBI mice, accompanied by a gradual increase in the body weight and hematopoietic cell numbers. The radio-mitigative effect is probably attributed to the scavenging of ROS and the reduction in cell apoptosis. These changes were associated with the upregulation of Nrf2 and its downstream anti-oxidative targets in TBI mice. Furthermore, this combination modulated TBI-induced cell senescence and inflammation markers. Conclusions:This study suggested that the clinical dosage administration in combination with G-CSF and RP may also have radio-mitigative effects on mice exposed to lethal TBI and may be a potent therapeutic agent for mitigating radiation-induced severe ARS.
Severity distribution of Alzheimer’s disease dementia and mild cognitive impairment in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Yuan Jing , Maserejian Nancy , Liu Yulin , Devine Sherral , Gillis Cai , Massaro Joseph , Au Rhoda 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies providing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prevalence data have largely neglected to characterize the proportion of AD that is mild, moderate or severe. Estimates of the severity distribution along the AD continuum, including the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage, are important to plan research and allocate future resources, particularly resources targeted at particular stages of disease. Methods: Participants (aged 50-94) with prevalent MCI or AD dementia clinical syndrome were cross-sectionally selected from three time-windows of the population-based Framingham Heart Study in 2004-2005 (n=381), 2006-2007 (n=422), and 2008-2009 (n=389). Summary estimates of the severity distribution were achieved by pooling results across time-windows. Diagnosis and severity were assessed by consensus dementia review. MCI-progressive was determined if the participant had documented progression to AD dementia clinical syndrome using longitudinal data.Results: Among AD dementia participants, the pooled percentages were 50.4% for mild, 30.3% for moderate, and 19.3% for severe. Among all MCI and AD participants, the pooled percentages were 29.5%, 19.6%, 25.7%, and 45.2% for MCI-not-progressive, MCI-progressive, mild AD dementia, and the combined group of MCI-progressive & mild AD dementia, respectively. Distributions by age and sex were presented.Conclusions: Heterogeneity in severity of the AD population exists. That half of prevalent cases have mild disease underscores the need for research and interventions to slow decline of this burdensome disease.Limitations: First, the FHS cohort participants were almost homogenously Caucasians and residents of a single city in MA, that limits the generalization of the results. Second, although FHS is a longitudinal study, the study population over the three time-windows would not be expected to be as dynamic as that of sampling participants from different geographic areas. Lastly, the study lacked AD biomarker confirmation (e.g., amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration), which would have increased the accuracy of case ascertainment.
Impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on outpatient visits of common respiratory diseases
Authors: Wang Weiyi , Zheng Yulu , Jiang Libin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background/Purpose

The outbreak of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worldwide threat to public health. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 epidemic on outpatient visits of common respiratory diseases.

Methods

Through statistics and comparing the data with the same period last year,we present the changes of outpatient visits of 14 common respiratory diseases in an upper first-class hospital in China from January to May,2020.

Results

From January to May,2020, the number of outpatient visits of most common respiratory diseases fell below the previous year,and total number of outpatient visits of 14 common respiratory diseases decreased by 58.07% year-on-year. Bronchitis, pneumonia, cough, acute upper respiratory infection and bronchiectasis infection are in our top 5 drop list,decreased by 76.79%,71.03%,66.51%56.87% and 56.31% respectively.

Conclusion

COVID-19 epidemic had a strong influence on the outpatient visits of common respiratory diseases, particularly for infectious diseases.