bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The endemic GII.4 norovirus‐like‐particle induced‐antibody lacks of cross‐reactivity against the epidemic GII.17 strain
Authors: Du Jialiang , Gu Qiong , Liu Yan , Li Qiming , Guo Tai , Liu Yueyue 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNorovirus‐like particle (VLP) vaccine is promising against human norovirus infection. Unfortunately, genetic diversity of norovirus hindered the development of this vaccine. In this study, the immunogenicity of norovirus VLPs induced by the endemic GII.4 and the epidemic GII.17 genotypes, and the cross‐reactivity between them as well as GI.1 and GII.3 VLPs were evaluated in mice by using serum IgG and histo‐blood group antigen (HBGA) blocking antibodies as index. Results showed well immunogenicity of both GII.4 and GII.17 VLPs in mice. Serum IgG GMT (Geometric Mean Titer) were 3.63 (GII.4) and 3.88 (GII.17) respectively, and sustained to the 15th week. The HBGA blocking antibodies were 130 (GII.4) and 360 (GII.17) respectively at the end of the 4th week. Additionally, there was a dramatically statistical difference found in the cross‐reactivity within genogroup (GII.3, GII.4 and GII.17) (p < .001), and also showed similar difference between genogroups (GI.1 vs. GII.3, GII.4 and GII.17) (p < .001). Summarized the pPICZa pichi pichia expression system showed a potential to be the alternative for expression of norovirus VLPs in secretion form, and the little cross‐reactivity found between the endemic strain and the epidemic strain provides an evident for the consideration of selecting candidates of norovirus vaccine strains.
Impacts of non‐Saccharomyces species and aeration on sequential inoculation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce lower alcohol Merlot wines from Washington state
Authors: Aplin Jesse J , Edwards Charles G 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpecies of non‐Saccharomyces yeasts isolated from Washington vineyards were evaluated for their abilities to reduce alcohol contents of wines. As many of these yeasts benefit from some oxygen, the effect of limited aeration was also studied.RESULTSAlthough fermentations of a high sugar Merlot grape must (310 g L−1) did not reach dryness, inoculation of Metschnikowia chrysoperlae, Mt. pulcherrima, Meyerozyma guillermondii, Pichia kluyveri, or P. membranifaciens yielded in wines with lower amounts of ethanol without excessive levels of acetic acid. Aeration frequently resulted in wines with less ethanol but with more acetic acid compared to non‐aerated fermentations. Inoculation of Mt. pulcherrima or My. guilliermondii into another Merlot grape must that contained a lower initial amount of fermentable sugar (266 g L−1) resulted in dry wines that contained less alcohol.CONCLUSIONSInoculation of My. guilliermondii or Mt. pulcherrima before primary alcoholic fermentation resulted in wines with reduced alcohol contents without excessive acetic acid production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Differences in oxidative susceptibilities between glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphoethanolamine in dried scallop (Argopecten irradians) adductor muscle during storage: an oxidation kinetic assessment
Authors: Xie Hong‐Kai , Zhao Guan‐Hua , Wu Zi‐Xuan , Li De‐Yang , Zhao Man‐Tong , Li Ao , Liu Hui‐Lin , Zhou Da‐Yong , Zhu Bei‐Wei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhospholipids, the main lipid component in marine shellfish, mainly comprise glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPE). GPC and GPE in marine shellfish, especially scallop, carry n‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), although different types of glycerophospholipids (GP) have different health benefits on human health. Moreover, different GP subclasses such as GPC and GPE have different oxidative susceptibilities in complex food systems. The present study compared the oxidative susceptibilities of GPC and GPE in dried scallop during storage by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry and kinetic models, and also investigated the effects of natural phenolic antioxidant on their susceptibilities.RESULTSThe results showed that GPC and GPE molecular species (carrying EPA or DHA) contents in samples continuously reduced during storage at two different temperatures. The first‐order kinetic model better reflected the changes of GPC and GPE molecular species (carrying EPA or DHA) in samples than the zero‐order kinetic model during storage. According to the oxidation rate (k) obtained from first‐order kinetic models, GPE possessed a greater oxidation rate than GPC during storage. Moreover, the results showed that antioxidants of bamboo leaves (AOB, polar polyphenolic antioxidants) significantly decreased the oxidation rates of GPC and GPE molecular species (carrying EPA or DHA) in samples during storage, and GPC could be more effectively protected by AOB compared to GPE.CONCLUSIONThe present study provides a practical method for accurately evaluating the oxidative susceptibility of different phospholipid classes in complex food systems. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Multiple co‐pigments of quercetin and chlorogenic acid blends intensify the color of mulberry anthocyanins: insights from hyperchromicity, kinetics, and molecular modeling investigations
Authors: Khalifa Ibrahim , Du Jing , Nawaz Asad , Li Chunmei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of multiple co‐pigments on the color intensification of mulberry anthocyanins (ACs) using spectroscopic techniques in combination with a molecular docking study was studied. The hyperchromicity of ACs co‐pigmented with chlorogenic acid (CH) and quercetin (Q) blends was measured and their color stability in liquid and encapsulated particle models was evaluated.RESULTSMultiple co‐pigments exhibited higher hyperchromicity, pKH‐values, and heat‐stability than their individual counterparts. Surflex‐docking findings confirmed that stronger binding occurred between multiple ligands and AC than single ones due to their extra ‐OH, ‐COOH groups, and delocalization systems. The binding was allowed by increased H‐bonding, van der Waals forces, and π‐π sites by the extra groups of the multiple co‐pigments with AC in aqueous juice and whey particle‐based models.CONCLUSIONThis is the first report of the ternary mixture of phenolic acid‐flavonol‐anthocyanin which could be used as promising food red‐colorants. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Using foliar nitrogen application during veraison to improve the flavor components of grape and wine
Authors: Cheng Xianghan , Liang Yanying , Zhang Ang , Wang Panpan , He Shuang , Zhang Kekun , Wang Jiexing , Fang Yulin , Sun Xiangyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNitrogen is involved in the winemaking process from grapevine growth to wine fermentation, and its precise utilization in vineyards can regulate grape and wine quality. Foliar nitrogen application during veraison (FNAV) could prevent nitrogen deficiency in grape and must in nitrogen‐deficient vineyards. Moreover, FNAV also could improve certain flavor components of grape and wine, but little attention has been paid to FNAV. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the difficulties encountered in current applications of nitrogen in vineyards and wineries, and the advantages of FNAV over the addition of nitrogen in soil and wineries. And it discusses that FNAV can increase yeast‐assimilable nitrogen and phenolics, and scarcely affect volatile components of grape (must and wine), and points out the existing problems including the core issue and then puts forward future research directions. This information may indicate future directions for research, and provide a reference for viticulturists and winemakers on the precise application of nitrogen on grapevine and must to further improve grape and wine quality in nitrogen‐deficient vineyards. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparing cell‐free circulating tumorDNAmutational profiles of disease‐free and nonresponders patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Khandelwal Alok R. , Greer Adam H. , Hamiter Mickie , Fermin Janmaris Marin , McMullen Thomas , Moore‐Medlin Tara , Mills Glenn , Flores Jose M. , Yin Hong , Nathan Cherie‐Ann O. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether somatic nonsynonymous variants in tumor tissue can potentially be identified in circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) of head and neck oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients using next‐generation sequencing and can predict recurrence or persistence disease.MethodsA total of 22 OPSCC patients with tumor tissue and respective plasma samples were included in this study. Matching cfDNA and tumor tissues were processed, and DNA sequencing was conducted using the MiSeq platform. Variants were identified using Biomedical Genomic Workbench and Genialis's online data analysis platform for Swift Biosciences' Accel‐amplicon panels.ResultsAmong 11 nonresponders, 6 matched mutations were detected in 5 patients suggesting a predictive factor for patients with likelihood of recurrence. The matched variants and their allele frequencies identified in the nonresponder group were (tumor DNA/cfDNA in %): TP53 G325fs (27/0.62), TP53 R282W (48/1.74), TP53 R273C (39/2.17), FBXW7 R505G (30/0.6), FBXW7 R505L (31/0.65), and TP53 Q331H (56.5/0.52). Interestingly, the matched somatic mutations were only detected in patients who did not respond to therapy or had persistent disease.ConclusionsSomatic nonsynonymous variants in tumor tissue can potentially be identified in cfDNA of OPSCC patients using NGS. The likelihood of variant detection in cfDNA is greater in nonresponders, especially in human papillomavirus‐negative nonresponders, rendering it beneficial as a less invasive detection method for disease persistence/recurrence and prognosis.Level of evidenceCohort study.
Success of minimally invasive salivary gland surgery—Quality of life, prognostic factors
Authors: Weigelt Frederike , Borzikowsky Christoph , Hoffmann Markus , Laudien Martin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveGoal of this study was to investigate, whether sialendoscopy in obstructive salivary gland disorders affects patients' oral health‐related quality of life compared to healthy individuals, and to determine factors that might influence this relationship.Study designRetrospective observational study.SettingUniversity of Kiel, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery.Subjects and methodsA group of 130 patients, undergoing sialendoscopy between 01/2004 and 06/2017 was considered. Oral health‐related quality of life was assessed using the OHIP‐G14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) in combination with a custom‐made questionnaire on satisfaction and success in relation to sialendoscopy.ResultsOral health‐related quality of life of patients without dentures or with removable dentures was significantly worse than in the healthy population, whereas the necessity of multiple additional follow‐up treatments was associated with worse oral health‐related quality of life. No essential predisposing factors were identified. Average satisfaction with the intervention was observed to be x̅ = 4.33 (SD = 3.69) on a visual analogue scale from 1 (=very satisfied) to 10 (=very unsatisfied). A longer follow‐up period and a higher patients' age were positively related, whereas removal of salivary gland during follow‐up was negatively related to satisfaction. In 113 cases (86.9%) long‐term preservation was accomplished and 115 (88.5%) patients would repeat a sialendoscopy in case needed.ConclusionIn summary, sialendoscopy resulted in long‐term high subjective and objective success rates. However, oral health‐related quality of life scores did not reach those levels found in the healthy population.
Higher differentiability for solutions of stationary p‐Stokes systems
Authors: Giannetti Flavia , Passarelli di Napoli Antonia , Scheven Christoph 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe consider weak solutions to stationary p‐Stokes systems of the type
in , where the function satisfies p‐growth conditions in ξ and depends Hölder continuously on x. By we denote the symmetric part of the gradient and we write for the convective term. In this setting, we establish results on the fractional higher differentiability of both the symmetric part of the gradient and of the pressure π. As an application, we deduce dimension estimates for the singular set of the gradient , thereby improving known results on partial ‐regularity for solutions to stationary p‐Stokes systems.
Combined imaging of potassium and sodium in human skeletal muscle tissue at 7 T
Authors: Gast Lena V. , Völker Stefanie , Utzschneider Matthias , Linz Peter , Wilferth Tobias , Müller Max , Kopp Christoph , Hensel Bernhard , Uder Michael , Nagel Armin M. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeTo validate the feasibility of quantitative combined potassium (39K) and sodium (23Na) MRI in human calf muscle tissue, as well as to evaluate the reproducibility of the apparent tissue potassium concentration (aTPC) and apparent tissue sodium concentration (aTSC) determination in healthy muscle tissue.MethodsQuantitative 23Na and 39K MRI acquisition protocols were implemented on a 7 T MR system. A double‐resonant 23Na/39K birdcage RF coil was used. Measurements of human lower leg were performed in a total acquisition time of TANa = 10:54 min/TAK = 8:06 min and using a nominal spatial resolution of 2.5 × 2.5 × 15 mm3/7.5 × 7.5 × 30 mm3 for 23Na/39K MRI. Two aTSC and aTPC examinations in muscle tissue were performed during the same day on 10 healthy subjects.ResultsThe proposed acquisition and postprocessing workflow for 23Na and 39K MRI data sets provided reproducible aTSC and aTPC measurements. In human calf muscle tissue, the coefficient of variation between scan and re‐scan was 5.7% for both aTSC and aTPC determination. Overall, mean values of aTSC = (17 ± 1) mM and aTPC = (85 ± 5) mM were measured. Moreover, for 39K in calf muscle tissue, components of = (1.2 ± 0.2) ms and = (7.9 ± 0.9) ms, as well as a residual quadrupolar interaction of = (143 ± 17) Hz, were determined. The fraction of the fast component was f = (58 ± 4)%.ConclusionUsing the presented measurement and postprocessing approach, a reproducible aTSC and aTPC determination using 23Na and 39K MRI at 7 T in human skeletal muscle tissue is feasible in clinically acceptable acquisition durations.
T1‐FLAIR imaging during continuous head motion: Combining PROPELLER with an intelligent marker
Authors: Norbeck Ola , van Niekerk Adam , Avventi Enrico , Rydén Henric , Berglund Johan , Sprenger Tim , Skare Stefan 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this work is to describe a T1‐weighted fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence that is able to produce sharp magnetic resonance images even if the subject is moving their head throughout the acquisition.MethodsThe robustness to motion artifacts and retrospective motion correction capabilities of the PROPELLER (periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction) trajectory were combined with prospective motion correction. The prospective correction was done using an intelligent marker attached to the subject. This marker wirelessly synchronizes to the pulse sequence to measure the directionality and magnitude of the magnetic fields present in the MRI machine during a short navigator, thus enabling it to determine its position and orientation in the scanner coordinate frame. Three approaches to incorporating the marker‐navigator into the PROPELLER sequence were evaluated. The specific absorption rate, and subsequent scan time, of the T1‐weighted FLAIR PROPELLER sequence, was reduced using a variable refocusing flip‐angle scheme. Evaluations of motion correction performance were done with 4 volunteers and 3 types of head motion.ResultsDuring minimal out‐of‐plane movement, retrospective PROPELLER correction performed similarly to the prospective correction. However, the prospective clearly outperformed the retrospective correction when there was out‐of‐plane motion. Finally, the combination of retrospective and prospective correction produced the sharpest images even during large continuous motion.ConclusionProspective motion correction of a PROPELLER sequence makes it possible to handle continuous, large, and high‐speed head motions with only minor reductions in image quality.
Jasmonate induced alternative splicing responses in Arabidopsis
Authors: Feng Guanqiao , Yoo Mi‐Jeong , Davenport Ruth , Boatwright J. Lucas , Koh Jin , Chen Sixue , Barbazuk W. Brad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractJasmonate is an essential phytohormone regulating plant growth, development, and defense. Alternative splicing (AS) in jasmonate ZIM‐domain (JAZ) repressors is well‐characterized and plays an important role in jasmonate signaling regulation. However, it is unknown whether other genes in the jasmonate signaling pathway are regulated by AS. We explore the potential for AS regulation in three Arabidopsis genotypes (WT, jaz2, jaz7) in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment with respect to: (a) differential AS, (b) differential miRNA targeted AS, and (c) AS isoforms with novel functions. AS events identified from transcriptomic data were validated with proteomic data. Protein interaction networks identified two genes, SKIP and ALY4 whose products have both DNA‐ and RNA‐binding affinities, as potential key regulators mediating jasmonate signaling and AS regulation. We observed cases where AS alone, or AS and transcriptional regulation together, can influence gene expression in response to MeJA. Twenty‐one genes contain predicted miRNA target sites subjected to AS, which implies that AS is coupled to miRNA regulation. We identified 30 cases where alternatively spliced isoforms may have novel functions. For example, AS of bHLH160 generates an isoform without a basic domain, which may convert it from an activator to a repressor. Our study identified potential key regulators in AS regulation of jasmonate signaling pathway. These findings highlight the importance of AS regulation in the jasmonate signaling pathway, both alone and in collaboration with other regulators.Significance statementBy exploring alternative splicing, we demonstrate its regulation in the jasmonate signaling pathway alone or in collaboration with other posttranscriptional regulations such as nonsense and microRNA‐mediated decay. A signal transduction network model for alternative splicing in jasmonate signaling pathway was generated, contributing to our understanding for this important, prevalent, but relatively unexplored regulatory mechanism in plants.
The Sciences of Reading and Writing Must Become More Fully Integrated
Authors: Graham Steve 
Published: September 2020

AbstractScience has greatly enhanced what we know about reading and writing. Drawing on this knowledge, researchers have proffered recommendations for how to teach these two literacy skills. Although such recommendations are aimed at closing the gap between research and practice, they often fail to take into account the reciprocal relation that exists between reading and writing. Writing and writing instruction improve students’ reading and vice versa. Theory and evidence that support this reciprocal relation are presented, and implications for the scientific study of reading and writing, policy, and practice are offered, including the proposal that the sciences of reading and writing need to be better integrated.
Tailoring the Chemical Potential of Crystal Growth Units to Tune the Bulk Structure of Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Du Guifen , Li Huiqi , Chen Qiaoli , Kuang Qin , Jiang Zhiyuan , Xie Zhaoxiong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe intrinsic factors affecting the bulk structures of nanocrystallites are not well explored during crystallization. In this study, it is demonstrated that the chemical potential of growth units plays decisive role in governing the final structure of nanocrystals. It is found that the types of reaction vessels are able to vary the chemical potential of growth units, and make the Pt and Pd nanocrystals (NCs) unexpectedly evolve from the cyclic penta‐twinned to the single‐crystal nanostructures. In turn, it is concluded that the crystal growth units with lower chemical potential favor the formation of crystal nuclei with lower chemical potential during the nucleation. This new approach in tuning the bulk structures of NCs enriches the understanding of the crystallization process under supersaturated (nonequilibrium) condition, and would provide a general guidance for controlling nanocrystals with various thermodynamic forms.
Analyzing spatial analytics systems based on Hadoop and Spark: A user perspective
Authors: de Carvalho Castro João Pedro , Chaves Carniel Anderson , Dutra de Aguiar Ciferri Cristina 
Published: September 2020

SummarySpatial analytics systems (SASs) represent a technology capable of managing huge volumes of spatial data using frameworks such as Apache Hadoop and Apache Spark. An increasing number of SASs have been proposed, requiring a comparison among them. However, existing comparisons in the literature provide a system‐centric view based on performance evaluations. Thus, there is a lack of comparisons based on the user‐centric view, that is, comparisons that help users to understand how the characteristics of SASs are useful to meet the specific requirements of their spatial applications. In this article, we provide a user‐centric comparison of the following SASs based on Hadoop and Spark: Hadoop‐GIS, SpatialHadoop, SpatialSpark, GeoSpark, GeoMesa Spark, SIMBA, LocationSpark, STARK, Magellan, SparkGIS, and Elcano. This comparison employs an extensive set of criteria related to the general characteristics of these systems, to the aspects of spatial data handling, and to the aspects inherent to distributed systems. Based on this comparison, we introduce guidelines to help users to choose an appropriate SAS. We also describe two case studies based on real‐world applications to illustrate the use of these guidelines. Finally, we discuss chronological tendencies related to SASs and identify limitations that SASs should address to improve user experience.
Statistical analysis of experimental factor optimization in acid esterification of rubber seed oil
Authors: Sai Bharadwaj Aryasomayajula Venkata Satya Lakshmi , Subramaniapillai Niju , Khadhar Mohamad Meera Sheriffa Begum , Narayanan Anantharaman 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStatistical analysis for esterification of high viscous rubber seed oil (RSO) (feed stock) with a high free fatty acids (FFA) content was presented in this work. Initially a high acid value of 67.6 mg KOH/g oil was observed from raw RSO analysis, which is not in a favorable range. After complete esterification reaction, a reasonable acid value of 3.55 mg KOH/g oil was detected at reaction conditions of 15:1 methanol: oil molar ratio (mol/mol), 3 vol% of catalyst concentration, and 2 hr of reaction time. Statistical analysis of factors affecting the final value is performed using response surface methodology. From the statistical analysis, a significant second‐order quadratic model with apvalue <0.0001 was observed. It is also noticed that molar ratio and reaction time are the most significant factors affecting the final product (esterified oil). The coefficient of determination,R2of value, 0.9672 indicates that there exists a minimum error between predicted and experimental acid values observed.