bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiologic maturation is both extrinsically and intrinsically regulated in progenitor-derived neurons
Authors: Venugopalan Praseeda , Cameron Evan G. , Zhang Xiong , Nahmou Michael , Muller Kenneth J. , Goldberg Jeffrey L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDuring development, newly-differentiated neurons undergo several morphological and physiological changes to become functional, mature neurons. Physiologic maturation of neuronal cells derived from isolated stem or progenitor cells may provide insight into maturation in vivo but is not well studied. As a step towards understanding how neuronal maturation is regulated, we studied the developmental switch of response to the neurotransmitter GABA, from excitatory depolarization to inhibitory hyperpolarization. We compared acutely isolated retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) at various developmental stages and RGCs differentiated in vitro from embryonic retinal progenitors for the effects of aging and, independently, of retinal environment age on their GABAA receptor (GABAAR) responses, elicited by muscimol. We found that neurons generated in vitro from progenitors exhibited depolarizing, immature GABA responses, like those of early postnatal RGCs. As progenitor-derived neurons aged from 1 to 3 weeks, their GABA responses matured. Interestingly, signals secreted by the early postnatal retina suppressed acquisition of mature GABA responses. This suppression was not associated with changes in expression of GABAAR or of the chloride co-transporter KCC2, but rather with inhibition of KCC2 dimerization in differentiating neurons. Taken together, these data indicate GABA response maturation depends on release of inhibition by developmentally regulated diffusible signals from the retina.
Apparent PT-symmetric terahertz photoconductivity in the topological phase of Hg1−xCdxTe-based structures
Authors: Galeeva A. V. , Kazakov A. S. , Artamkin A. I. , Ryabova L. I. , Dvoretsky S. A. , Mikhailov N. N. , Bannikov M. I. , Danilov S. N. , Khokhlov D. R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe show that the terahertz (THz) photoconductivity in the topological phase of Hg1–xCdxTe-based structures exhibits the apparent PT- (parity-time) symmetry whereas the P-symmetry and the T-symmetry, separately, are not conserved. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the P- and T-symmetry breaking may not be related to any type of the sample anisotropy. This result contradicts the apparent symmetry arguments and means that there exists an external factor that interacts with the sample electronic system and breaks the symmetry. We show that deviations from the ideal experimental geometry may not be such a factor.
Correlations between intraretinal cystoid cavities and pre- and postoperative characteristics of eyes after closure of idiopathic macular hole
Authors: Goto Kensuke , Iwase Takeshi , Yamamoto Kentaro , Ra Eimei , Terasaki Hiroko 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntraretinal cystoid cavities have been detected at the edges of macular holes (MHs) but their clinical characteristics and their relationship to the MH variables have not been determined. We measured the areas of the intraretinal cystoid cavity in 111 eyes with MHs in the OCT images preoperatively. Our results showed that the intraretinal cystoid cavities were located in the Henle fiber layer-outer nuclear layer (HFL-ONL) complex in 106 eyes and in the inner nuclear layer (INL) in 89 eyes. All were resolved after the initial vitrectomy to close the MH. The mean area of the cystoid cavity was greater in the HFL-ONL complex (55.9 ± 42.7 × 103 μm2) than in the INL (9.1 ± 9.8 × 103 μm2; P < 0.001). The area of the cystoid cavities was significantly correlated with the basal MH size (r = 0.465,P < 0.001), the external limiting membrane height (r = 0.793, P < 0.001), and the maximum retinal thickness (r = 0.757, P < 0.001). The area of the cystoid cavities was significantly correlated with the preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; r = 0.361, P < 0.001), but not with the postoperative BCVA or the integrity of any of the outer retinal microstructural bands. The presence of intraretinal cystoid cavities was related to some morphological characteristics, but not to the postoperative BCVA or the restoration of the outer retinal bands.
Sensitive Detection of Dengue Virus Type 2 E-Proteins Signals Using Self-Assembled Monolayers/Reduced Graphene Oxide-PAMAM Dendrimer Thin Film-SPR Optical Sensor
Authors: Omar Nur Alia Sheh , Fen Yap Wing , Abdullah Jaafar , Mustapha Kamil Yasmin , Daniyal Wan Mohd Ebtisyam Mustaqim Mohd , Sadrolhosseini Amir Reza , Mahdi Mohd Adzir 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, sensitive detection of dengue virus type 2 E-proteins (DENV-2 E-proteins) was performed in the range of 0.08 pM to 0.5 pM. The successful DENV detection at very low concentration is a matter of concern for targeting the early detection after the onset of dengue symptoms. Here, we developed a SPR sensor based on self-assembled monolayer/reduced graphene oxide-polyamidoamine dendrimer (SAM/NH2rGO/PAMAM) thin film to detect DENV-2 E-proteins. Surface characterizations involving X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirms the incorporation of NH2rGO-PAMAM nanoparticles in the prepared sensor films. The specificity, sensitivity, binding affinity, and selectivity of the SPR sensor were then evaluated. Results indicated that the variation of the sensing layer due to different spin speed, time incubation, and concentration provided a better interaction between the analyte and sensing layer. The linear dependence of the SPR sensor showed good linearity (R2 = 0.92) with the lowest detection of 0.08 pM DENV-2 E-proteins. By using the Langmuir model, the equilibrium association constant was obtained at very high value of 6.6844 TM−1 (R2 = 0.99). High selectivity of the SPR sensor towards DENV-2 E-proteins was achieved in the presence of other competitors.
An Early Triassic sauropterygian and associated fauna from South China provide insights into Triassic ecosystem health
Authors: Li Qiang , Liu Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe timing and pattern of biotic recovery from the Permo-Triassic Mass Extinction remains elusive. Here we report new material of the Early Triassic sauropterygianLariosaurus sanxiaensisand associated fauna from the Jialingjiang Formation in Hubei Province, South China. Phylogenetic analysis based on a novel data matrix of sauropterygians recognizesL. sanxiaensisas a basal nothosaur. Stratigraphic congruence analysis shows that the new phylogenetic consensus tree matches to the stratigraphic distribution of sauropterygians very well. The diversified reptilian fauna and inferred simple food web in the Nanzhang-Yuan’an fauna whereL. sanxiaensiswas discovered suggest that the Triassic biotic recovery adopted a top-down pattern, in contrast to the prevailing view. Comparison with the Middle Triassic Luoping biota from the same carbonate platform suggests that the Triassic biotic recovery is delayed and healthy ecosystems were not established until the Middle Triassic in South China.
Künstliche Intelligenz in der Endoskopie: Neuronale Netze und maschinelles Sehen – Techniken und Perspektiven
Authors: Schmitz Rüdiger , Werner René , Rösch Thomas 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungKünstliche neuronale Netze als Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) können der Endoskopie neue Möglichkeiten eröffnen, etwa im Sinne einer automatischen Polypenerkennung oder der präzisen Vorhersage des histopathologischen Befunds einer Läsion anhand ihres endoskopischen Bildes. Während erste Versuche tatsächlich ein weitreichendes Potenzial erahnen lassen, leiten sich öffentliche und medial transportierte Erwartungen häufig mehr von einer abstrakten Faszination als von der detaillierten Funktionsweise der Methoden ab. Dieser Artikel soll anhand einer selektiven Literaturübersicht ein intuitives Verständnis der Methoden vermitteln und helfen, die Lücke zwischen Funktion und Faszination zu schließen, um Potenzial und Grenzen dieser Techniken im Bereich der Endoskopie realistisch abschätzen zu können.Mit ihrem Erfolg bei der maschinellen Klassifikation von Bildern haben insbesondere „tiefe neuronale Netze“ der KI nach jahrzehntelanger Forschung zu rasant anwachsendem Interesse verholfen. Wir umreißen kurz die diesbezüglichen Entwicklungen und die Gründe für ihre Bedeutung weit über die Informatik hinaus. Durch den Vergleich von maschinellem und menschlichem Sehen wird ein Verständnis der detaillierten Funktionsweise dieser Methoden und ihrer Erfolge bei Seh-Aufgaben vermittelt. Darauf aufbauend analysieren wir die Funktionsweise jüngst demonstrierter Anwendungen in Hinblick auf methodische Perspektiven und Grenzen, die Aussagekraft bisher erbrachter Leistungsnachweise und die Notwendigkeit weiterer Tests. Zudem geben wir einen Eindruck von weiteren, konkret absehbaren Einzelanwendungen und besprechen, welchen Charakter diese dem Einsatz der künstlichen Intelligenz in der Endoskopie insgesamt geben könnten.
Heart Rate During an Exercise Test and Acute High-intensity Interval
Training in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Andrade-Mayorga Omar , Mancilla Rodrigo , Díaz Erik , Alvarez Cristian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo describe and compare the acute heart rate changes during an incremental
exercise test and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in subjects of
different glucose control. Seventy-five adults were allocated into three groups:
Normoglycaemic (NG, n=32), Pre- (PreT2D, n=30) and
Type 2 diabetic (T2D, n=13) subjects. Subjects performed an
incremental cycling test to determine cardiorespiratory fitness
(VO2max), maximum heart rate (HRmax) and HR recovery post maximal
effort, as well as a HIIT cycling session. HR variations are reported as HR pre
(HR-preINT), and post interval (HR-postINT),
percentage of maximum HR (%HRmax), delta of HR increased
(∆HRINT), and delta HR recovery after each interval
(∆HRR). By groups, there was a significant difference for the
%HRmax in 1st and 2nd, but not in intervals
3rd to 10th between Pre-T2D and T2D groups. There were
significant differences for the %HRmax in 1st to
2nd intervals between Pre-T2D and T2D groups. Significant
(P<0.05) differences at some intervals were found for
ΔHRINT, and ΔHRR. These findings suggest that the
HR during an incremental exercise test, and from a typical 10-intervals based
HIIT protocol could be used as an intensity marker for individuals independent
of their glycaemic control.
Blutvolumenmonitoring bei Hämodialysepatienten
Authors: Kron Joachim , Mentzel Ines , Kron Susanne 
Published: February 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGModerne Dialysegeräte verfügen heute über Monitore zur kontinuierlichen Messung der Veränderung des relativen Blutvolumens. Leider liefert dieses Monitoring nur Informationen über das relative, nicht aber über das absolute Blutvolumen. So kann trotz einer identischen Abnahme des relativen Blutvolumens ein sehr unterschiedliches absolutes Blutvolumen vorliegen. Diese Art des Blutvolumenmonitorings hat die Erwartungen nur unzureichend erfüllt. In diesem Artikel wird eine neue Methode vorgestellt, mit der das absolute Blutvolumen mit den gegenwärtig vorhandenen Dialysegeräten bestimmt werden kann. Allein mit einer Software-Modifikation ließe sich erreichen, dass künftig alle Dialysebehandlungen an einem einzustellenden Zielblutvolumen enden.
6-week High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT) of the Lower
Extremities Improves VO2max of the Upper Extremities
Authors: Marterer Natalie , Menz Verena , Amin Sachin , Faulhaber Martin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHigh intensity interval training (HIIT) is widely used to improve
VO2max. The purpose of this study was to examine if lower
extremity HIIT resulted in improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max)
and peak power output (PPO) of the upper extremities. Twenty healthy and trained
participants (11 female and 9 male, VO2max
3160±1175 ml/min) underwent a 6-week HIIT program of the
lower extremities on a cycle ergometer. Before and after the training period a
maximal cycle ergometry (CE) and a maximal hand crank ergometry (HCE) were
conducted to determine VO2max and PPO. Additionally, hematological
parameters were determined. Increases in VO2max of the lower
extremities (3160±1175 to 3449±1231 ml/min,
p<0.001, η2p=0.779) as well as of the upper
extremities (2255±938 to 2377±1015 ml/min,
p=0.010, η2p=0.356) from pre- to post-test
were found. PPO of the lower extremities increased (243±95 to
257±93 W, p<0.001,
η2p=0.491), whereas it remained unchanged for the
upper extremities (103±50 to 108±54 W, p=0.209,
η2p=0.150). All hematological parameters
increased. The results demonstrate that VO2max of the upper
extremities increased after 6-weeks of cycling HIIT. However, upper body PPO was
unchanged.
Faster and Healthier: Relationship between Telomere and Performance
in Master Athletes
Authors: Sousa Caio Victor , Silva Aguiar Samuel , Deus Lysleine Alves , Barbosa Lucas Pinheiro , dos Santos Patrick Anderson , Neves Rodrigo Vanerson Passos , Maciel Larissa Alves , Moraes Milton Rocha , Moreira Sérgio Rodrigues , Grubert Campbell Carmen Sílvia , Andrade Rosangela Vieira , dos Santos Rosa Thiago , Simoes Herbert Gustavo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAging is associated with increased oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and
decreased telomere length (TL). However, the lifestyle of master athletes can
lead to a reduced risk of these conditions, and thus attenuates aging and
performance deterioration. We aimed to analyze the relationships between TL and
relative performance (RP), and their relation to adiposity, oxidative stress,
and inflammation in endurance (END) and sprint/power (SPW) master
athletes (MAs). Twenty-two world-class MAs visited the laboratory for anamnesis,
anthropometrics, and blood sampling. Inflammatory and oxidative stress
parameters were assessed using commercial kits. Relative TL was determined in
leukocytes through qPCR analyses. A positive association was observed between RP
and TL in both groups (SPW: r=0.641; END: r=0.685)
and the whole sample (r=0.594). The IL6/IL10 ratio
presented an inverse correlation with RP in the whole sample
(r=–0.580). Body mass index also demonstrated a negative
correlation with TL for the END group (r=–0.690) and the
whole sample analysis (r=–0.455). Moreover, the
IL6/IL10 ratio was negatively associated with strength/power
training hours (r=–0.464), whereas the CAT/TBARS
ratio was negatively associated with aerobic training hours
(r=–0.482). In conclusion, TL of MAs was associated with
RP regardless of the training model (endurance or sprint/power), and
inflammation and adiposity were associated with shorter telomeres.
Pharmacogenetic Testing in Depressed Patients and Interdisciplinary
Exchange between a Pharmacist and Psychiatrists Results in Reduced
Hospitalization Times
Authors: Bättig Victor A. D. , Roll Sibylle C. , Hahn Martina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction Pharmacogenetics (PGx) is a well-researched tool to
improve pharmacotherapy. So far, it has not been implemented into daily
practice in Germany. In psychopharmacology, substantial benefit can be
expected by using PGx due to the excessive CYP metabolism of the
psychotropic drugs as well as already discovered target polymorphisms
(e. g., serotonin receptor).
Methods An evaluation of a naturalistic pharmacist-led pilot
implementation of PGx testing in a psychiatric hospital in patients
undergoing inpatient treatment for major depressive disorder was conducted.
Length of stay, number of antidepressant switches, and rehospitalization
rates were analyzed. A PGx-tested intervention cohort of n=49 was
retrospectively compared to a control cohort of n=94 patients.
Results The intervention cohort showed significantly shorter stays
than the control, after correction of the length of hospital stay and the
time to genotyping results (mean intervention: 36.3 d (SD: ±19.3 d);
control: 46.6 d (±19.1 d); p=0.003). Antidepressant-
naïve patients had the largest benefit from the PGx testing
(intervention: 24.7 d (±13.5 d); control: 50.2 d (±22.5 d);
p < 0.001. The number of antidepressant switches during the entire
stay did not differ between the groups: 0.41 (0.64) vs. 0.21 (0.46);
p=0.063 [95% CI −0.01–0.40]).
Discussion Depressed patients, especially treatment-naïve,
seem to benefit from PGx testing prior to treatment. Although the results of
this retrospective evaluation are promising, more systematic prospective
studies are needed to assess the effect of PGx testing on the treatment of
major depressive disorder.
Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution, and Excretion Study of Cajanonic Acid A in Rats by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Zhang Li , Chen Rui , Ban Yujuan , Cai Jin , Peng Jingang , Huang Jing , Wang Jianta , Chen Wenzhang , Gao Xiuli , Zhou Xunrong , Tang Lei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCajanonic acid A (CAA), a prenylated stilbene derivative extracted from the leaves of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), has been reported to possess inhibitory activity on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). Its hypoglycemic activity in rats is comparable to that of the approved antidiabetic agent rosiglitazone. Therefore, CAA is a potential candidate for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and a lead compound for the discovery of novel hypoglycemic drugs. To achieve a thorough understanding of the biological behavior of CAA in vivo, our current study was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, distribution, and excretion of CAA in rats by UPLC-MS/MS. Chromatographic separation was performed on BEHC18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 µm). Quantification was performed under the negative ion mode by using single reaction monitoring (SRM) of the transitions of m/z 353.14 → 309.11 for CAA and m/z 269.86 → 224.11 for genistein, respectively. Standard calibration curve showed excellent linearity (r2 > 0.99) within the range of 2 – 800 ng/mL. The accuracies and precisions were within the acceptance limits (all < 20%). CAA was quickly absorbed into bloodstream and distributed rapidly and widely to various tissues. The excretion ratio of CAA in the 3 main pathways via bile, feces, and urine was only 5.17%. These results indicate that CAA was quickly and thoroughly metabolized in vivo and excreted mainly as metabolites.
Full Endoscopic Technique for High-Grade Up-Migrated Lumbar Disk Herniation via a Translaminar Keyhole Approach: Preliminary Series and Technical Note
Authors: Lin Guang-Xun , Park Cheul-Woong , Suen Tsz-King , Kotheeranurak Vit , Jun Su-Gi , Kim Jin-Sung 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background and Study Aims Technically and anatomically, accessing a high-grade migrated lumbar disk herniation (LDH) using traditional full endoscopic lumbar diskectomy (FELD) approaches (either transforaminal or interlaminar) is challenging. The objective of this study was to present an effective and safe surgical approach for high-grade up-migrated LDH by translaminar FELD.
Patients and Methods Thirteen patients with soft high-grade up-migrated LDH treated with a translaminar FELD between May 2015 and July 2018 were reviewed in this study. Five of these patients had very high-grade up-migration. Clinical outcomes were assessed including preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) for back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and MacNab criteria.
Results Overall, 7 of the 13 patients had disk-fragment migration at L4–L5: three at L5–S1, two at L3–L4, and the remaining one at L2–L3. In all cases, the highly up-migrated LDH was removed successfully through the translaminar approach, as confirmed by postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The improvements of VAS for back and leg pain were 4.5 ± 0.9 to 1.3 ± 1.3 and 7.1 ± 1.0 to 1.6 ± 0.7, respectively (both p < 0.05). The ODI decreased from preoperative 41.9 ± 6.0 to postoperative 13.0 ± 4.1 (p < 0.05). According to the MacNab criteria, the satisfaction rate was 92.3% (excellent or good outcomes). None of the patients experienced any perioperative complications or recurrence during the follow-up period.
Conclusion Although full endoscopic technique via the translaminar keyhole route may not be used as a routine surgical approach, it could serve as a feasible alternative method for patients with highly up-migrated disk herniation.
A Rare Case of Gastric Volvulus Post Laparoscopic Gastric Greater Curvature Plication
Authors: Kachi Antoine , Chidiac Khalil , Khaled Charif 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGastric volvulus is a rare entity. Its diagnosis remains tricky and challenging. In recent years, the incidence of gastric volvulus has shown a rise in postbariatric surgery patient. Several cases were reported of gastric remnant volvulus post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic gastric bypass. Laparoscopic gastric greater curvature plication is a new and experimental restrictive technique for weight loss. Several of its complications were reported in the literature but never was a case of volvulus postgastric plication reported, as far as we know. We present this rare case with an atypical presentation and go through similar cases in the literature.
Medial Meniscus Scaffold Implantation in Combination with Concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate Injection: Minimum 3-Year Follow-up
Authors: Akkaya Mustafa , Şimşek Mehmet Emin , Gürsoy Safa , Çay Nurdan , Bozkurt Murat 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study is to show the short-term clinical and radiological outcomes of concentrated bone marrow aspirate (CBMA) injection administered in combination with medial meniscus scaffold implantation. Twenty-three patients who received intra-articular CBMA injection in combination with polyurethane-based medial meniscus scaffold implantation were evaluated within the scope of this study. The International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) questionnaire and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were used to evaluate the results, and the visual analog scale was used to assess the pain scores. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained in the preoperative period and at postoperative months 1, 12, 24, and 36 to assess the scaffold position as well as chondral degeneration/damage in a comparative manner. MRI assessment was performed by using the modified Outerbridge scale for cartilage and the Genovese scoring system for the meniscal implant. Twenty-three patients who were included in the study were evaluated for a mean follow-up period of 38.3 months. Patients exhibited statistically significant improvement according to all scoring data from the preoperative period until the follow-up period. The mean postoperative extrusion at year 3 was 2.39 mm (distribution 2.30–2.56 mm). There was no significant difference in the distribution of the degree of chondral damage between the preoperative and 3-year follow-up periods. Four patients did not show any improvement nor had lower scores according to the assessment. Medial meniscus scaffold implantation combined with intra-articular CBMA injection resulted in a significant improvement in all functions and pain scores as well as a statistically significant clinical improvement in IKDC and KOOS values in the short-term follow-up. The Level of evidence for this study is IV.
Novel Mutation in ATP6V1A Gene with Infantile Spasms in an Indian Boy
Authors: Kadwa Razia A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA 7-month-old boy with a novel mutation in ATP6V1A gene is described. The ATP6V1A gene has been recently identified to be associated with epileptic encephalopathies. Clinical features in this patient are different from cases reported so far, thus broadening the spectrum of ATP6V1A-associated epileptic encephalopathy.