bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When the disc’s away, the stars will play: dynamical masses in the nova-like variable KR Aur with a pinch of accretion
Authors: Rodríguez-Gil P , Shahbaz T , Torres M A P , Gänsicke B T , Izquierdo P , Toloza O , Álvarez-Hernández A , Steeghs D , van Spaandonk L , Koester D , Rodríguez D 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
We obtained time-resolved optical photometry and spectroscopy of the nova-like variable KR  Aurigae in the low state. The spectrum reveals a DAB white dwarf (WD) and a mid-M dwarf companion. Using the companion star’s i-band ellipsoidal modulation we refine the binary orbital period to be P = 3.906519 ± 0.000001 h. The light curve and the spectra show flaring activity due to episodic accretion. One of these events produced brightness oscillations at a period of 27.4 min, that we suggest to be related with the rotation period of a possibly magnetic WD at either 27.4 or 54.8 min. Spectral modelling provided a spectral type of M4–5 for the companion star and $T_{1}=27\, 148$ $\pm \, 496$ K, $\log \, g=8.90 \pm 0.07$, and $\log (\mathrm{He/H})= -0.79^{+0.07}_{-0.08}$ for the WD. By simultaneously fitting absorption- and emission-line radial velocity curves and the ellipsoidal light curve, we determined the stellar masses to be $M_1 = 0.94^{+0.15}_{-0.11}\, {\rm{M}_{\rm \odot}}$ and $M_2 = 0.37^{+0.07}_{-0.07}\,{\rm{M}_{\rm \odot}}$ for the WD and the M-dwarf companion, respectively, and an orbital inclination of $47^{+1^{\rm o}}_{-2^{\rm o}}$. Finally, we analyse time-resolved spectroscopy acquired when the system was at an i-band magnitude of 17.1, about 1.3 mag brighter than it was in the low state. In this intermediate state, the line profiles contain an emission S-wave delayed by ≃0.2 orbital cycle relative to the motion of the WD, similar to what is observed in SW Sextantis stars in the high state.
Genome Architecture Facilitates Phenotypic Plasticity in the Honeybee (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Duncan Elizabeth J , Leask Megan P , Dearden Peter K 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity, the ability of an organism to alter its phenotype in response to an environmental cue, facilitates rapid adaptation to changing environments. Plastic changes in morphology and behavior are underpinned by widespread gene expression changes. However, it is unknown if, or how, genomes are structured to ensure these robust responses. Here, we use repression of honeybee worker ovaries as a model of plasticity. We show that the honeybee genome is structured with respect to plasticity; genes that respond to an environmental trigger are colocated in the honeybee genome in a series of gene clusters, many of which have been assembled in the last 80 My during the evolution of the Apidae. These clusters are marked by histone modifications that prefigure the gene expression changes that occur as the ovary activates, suggesting that these genomic regions are poised to respond plastically. That the linear sequence of the honeybee genome is organized to coordinate widespread gene expression changes in response to environmental influences and that the chromatin organization in these regions is prefigured to respond to these influences is perhaps unexpected and has implications for other examples of plasticity in physiology, evolution, and human disease.
Communication Behaviors During Presidential Elections
Authors: Hmielowski Jay D , Kelvin William F , Hutchens Myiah J , Silva David E , Beam Michael A , Donaway Rebecca R , York Chance 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, we use an information utility framework to examine people’s communication behaviors during presidential elections. Data from the National Annenberg Election Study (2004, 2008) and Google Trends (2012, 2016) reveal increases in several communication behaviors (e.g., attention to campaign information, discussing politics, internet searches) closer to Election Day. Moreover, these increases were not uniform throughout the election, with increases concentrated around official campaign events (e.g., presidential conventions and debates). In addition, some evidence showed that people are more likely to engage in communication behaviors in battleground compared to nonbattleground states.
Efficacy of plasma exchange in anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease under combined immunosuppressive treatment
Authors: Shirakashi Mirei , Nakashima Ran , Tsuji Hideaki , Tanizawa Kiminobu , Handa Tomohiro , Hosono Yuji , Akizuki Shuji , Murakami Kosaku , Hashimoto Motomu , Yoshifuji Hajime , Ohmura Koichiro , Mimori Tsuneyo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) with poor prognosis often accompanies anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-positive DM. Combined immunosuppressive therapy, including glucocorticoids, calcineurin inhibitors and intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVCY) is reportedly effective in DM with RP-ILD, but some patients remain resistant to therapy. We examined the utility of plasma exchange (PE) in such intractable cases and investigated the prognostic factors of the disease.

Methods
Thirty-eight anti-MDA5-positive DM-ILD patients who received the combined immunosuppressive therapy were retrospectively reviewed. Their serum cytokines were evaluated by multiplex assay before treatment. The patients were divided into two groups: those who achieved remission without exacerbation of respiratory dysfunction (n = 25, group A) and those who progressed to hypoxemia during the treatment (n = 13, group B).

Results
PE was carried out in eight group B patients, but none of group A. Five of the eight treated with PE survived, while the five untreated patients died (P =0.04). Higher neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, higher serum ferritin, hypoxemia, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) score before treatment and increase of Krebs von Lungen-6 (KL-6) in the first 4 weeks of the treatment were the prognostic factors for disease progression. Serum cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-18 and sCD163 levels were higher in group B than group A.

Conclusion
PE should be an effective adjuvant treatment in anti-MDA5-positive DM with RP-ILD. Assessment of basal laboratory tests or monocyte/macrophage-derived cytokines and the increase of KL-6, HRCT score and hypoxemia may help us to predict intractable cases and to make early treatment decisions regarding PE in anti-MDA5-positive DM.
Inter-subject phase synchronization differentiates neural networks underlying physical pain empathy
Authors: Xu Lei , Bolt Taylor , Nomi Jason S , Li Jialin , Zheng Xiaoxiao , Fu Meina , Kendrick Keith M , Becker Benjamin , Uddin Lucina Q 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Recent approaches for understanding the neural basis of pain empathy emphasize the dynamic construction of networks underlying this multifaceted social cognitive process. Inter-subject phase synchronization (ISPS) is an approach for exploratory analysis of task-fMRI data that reveals brain networks dynamically synchronized to task-features across participants. We applied ISPS to task-fMRI data assessing vicarious pain empathy in healthy participants (n = 238). The task employed physical (limb) and affective (face) painful and corresponding non-painful visual stimuli. ISPS revealed two distinct networks synchronized during physical pain observation, one encompassing anterior insula and midcingulate regions strongly engaged in (vicarious) pain and another encompassing parietal and inferior frontal regions associated with social cognitive processes which may modulate and support the physical pain empathic response. No robust network synchronization was observed for affective pain, possibly reflecting high inter-individual variation in response to socially transmitted pain experiences. ISPS also revealed networks related to task onset or general processing of physical (limb) or affective (face) stimuli which encompassed networks engaged in object manipulation or face processing, respectively. Together, the ISPS approach permits segregation of networks engaged in different psychological processes, providing additional insight into shared neural mechanisms of empathy for physical pain, but not affective pain, across individuals.
Cognitive Enhancing Effect of High-Frequency Neuronavigated rTMS in Chronic Schizophrenia Patients With Predominant Negative Symptoms: A Double-Blind Controlled 32-Week Follow-up Study
Authors: Xiu Mei Hong , Guan Heng Yong , Zhao Jian Min , Wang Ke Qiang , Pan Yan Fen , Su Xiu Ru , Wang Yu Hong , Guo Jin Ming , Jiang Long , Liu Hong Yu , Sun Shi Guang , Wu Hao Ran , Geng Han Song , Liu Xiao Wen , Yu Hui Jing , Wei Bao Chun , Li Xi Po , Trinh Tammy , Tan Shu Ping , Zhang Xiang Yang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAccumulating studies have shown that high-frequency (HF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may improve cognitive dysfunction of the patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), but with inconsistent results. The present study aims to assess the efficacy of different frequencies of neuronavigated rTMS in ameliorating cognitive impairments and alleviating the psychotic symptoms. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups: 20 Hz rTMS (n = 40), 10 Hz rTMS (n = 40), or sham stimulation (n = 40) for 8 weeks, and then followed up at week 32. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was performed to assess the cognitive functions of the patients at baseline, at the end of week 8, and week 32 follow-up. Psychotic symptoms were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and at the end of week 2, week 4, week 6, week 8, and week 32 follow-up. Our results demonstrated that 20 Hz rTMS treatment produced an effective therapeutic benefit on immediate memory of patients with chronic SCZ at week 8, but not in the 10 Hz group. Interestingly, both 10 Hz and 20 Hz rTMS treatments produced delayed effects on cognitive functions at the 6-month follow-up. Moreover, in both 10 Hz rTMS and 20 Hz rTMS, the improvements in RBANS total score were positively correlated with the reduction of PANSS positive subscore at the 6-month follow-up. Stepwise regression analysis identified that the visuospatial/constructional index, immediate memory index, and prolactin at baseline were predictors for the improvement of cognitive impairments in the patients. Our results suggest that add-on HF rTMS could be an effective treatment for cognitive impairments in patients with chronic SCZ, with a delayed effect. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier—NCT03774927.
Clinical Features of Rickettsial Infection in Children in Tropical Australia—A Report of 15 Cases
Authors: Stewart Alexandra G A , Smith Simon , Binotto Enzo , Hanson Josh 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Rickettsial infections are an under-recognized cause of acute, undifferentiated fever in the tropics. In Asia, intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates as high as 21% and case-fatality rates of up to 5% have been reported. This 20-year retrospective audit of children and adults with serologically confirmed scrub typhus or spotted fever group (SFG) infection was performed at a tertiary-referral hospital in tropical Australia. There were 15 paediatric cases during the study period (11 scrub typhus, 3 SFG and 1 undifferentiated). Hypotension [5/15 (33%)], tachycardia [6/15 (40%)] and tachypnoea [6/15 (40%)] were common at presentation. Children were more likely to be hypotensive at admission than adults [5/15 (33%) vs. 5/118 (4%), p = 0.002]. However, no child died or was admitted to ICU, compared with 18/120 (15%) adults who required ICU support during the study period, one of whom died. Paediatric rickettsial infections have a relatively benign clinical course in tropical Australia with serious complications appearing far less frequently than have been reported in the Asian literature.
Infection Dynamics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Modeled with the Integration of the Eyring’s Rate Process Theory and Free Volume Concept
Authors: Hao Tian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Eyring’s rate process theory and free volume concept, two very popular theories in chemistry and physics fields, are employed to treat infectious disease transmissions. The susceptible individuals are assumed to move stochastically from one place to another. The virus particle transmission rate is assumed to obey the Eyring’s rate process theory and also controlled by how much free volume available in a system. The transmission process is considered to be a sequential chemical reaction, and the concentrations or fractions of four epidemiological compartments, the susceptible, the exposed, the infected, and the removed, can be derived and calculated. The obtained equations show that the basic reproduction number,R0, is not a constant, dependent on the volume fraction of virus particles, virus particle size, and virus particle packing structure, the energy barrier associated with susceptible individuals, and environment temperature. The developed models are applied to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) transmission and make predictions on peak time, peak infected, andR0. Our work provides a simple and straightforward approach to estimate how infection diseases evolve and how many people may be infected.
ACCLIMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO THE ENVIRONMENT 1 regulates Photosystem II Supercomplex dynamics in response to light inChlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Chazaux Marie , Caffarri Stefano , Da Graça Juliane , Cuiné Stephan , Floriani Magali , Brzezowski Pawel , Peltier Gilles , Genty Bernard , Alric Jean , Johnson Xenie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhotosynthetic organisms require acclimation mechanisms to regulate photosynthesis in response to light conditions. Here, two mutant alleles ofACCLIMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS TO THE ENVIRONMENT 1(ape1) have been characterized inChlamydomonas reinhardtii.Theape1mutants are photosensitive and show PSII photoinhibition during high light acclimation or under high light stress. Theape1mutants retain more PSII super-complexes and have changes to thylakoid stacking relative to control strains during photosynthetic growth at different light intensities. The APE1 protein is found in all oxygenic phototrophs and encodes a 25 kDa thylakoid protein that interacts with the Photosystem II core complex as monomers, dimers and supercomplexes. We propose a model where APE1 bound to PSII supercomplexes releases core complexes and promotes PSII heterogeneity influencing the stacking of Chlamydomonas thylakoids. APE1 is a regulator in light acclimation and its function is to reduce over-excitation of PSII centres and avoid PSII photoinhibition to increase the resilience of photosynthesis to high light.
Prediction of the Epidemic of COVID-19 Based on Quarantined Surveillance in China
Authors: Li Rui , Lu Wenliang , Yang Xifei , Feng Peihua , Muqimova Ozarina , Chen Xiaoping , Wei Gang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroud and ObjectiveTo predict the epidemic of COVID-19 based on quarantined surveillance from real world in China by modified SEIR model different from the previous simply mathematical model.Design and MethodsWe forecasted the epidemic of COVID-19 based on current clinical and epidemiological data and built a modified SEIR model to consider both the infectivity during incubation period and the influence on the epidemic from strict quarantined measures.ResultsThe peak time of the curve for the infected newly diagnosed as COVID-19 should substantially present on Feb. 5, 2020 (in non-Hubei areas) and Feb. 19, 2020 (in Hubei). It is estimated that the peak of the curve of the cumulative confirmed cases will appear in non-Hubei areas on Mar. 3, 2020 and in Hubei province on Mar. 10, 2020, and the total number of the patients diagnosed as COVID-19 is 18,000 in non-Hubei areas and 78,000-96,000 in Hubei. The Chinese COVID-19 epidemic can be completetly controlled in May, 2020.ConclusionsCOVID-19 is only a local outbreak in Hubei Province, China. It can be probably avoided the pandemic of global SARS-CoV-2 cases rise with the great efforts by Chinese government and its people.
ABC of Endometriosis Surgery: Aqua Blue Contrast Technique
Authors: Seckin Tamer , Yuksel Bahar , Seckin Serin , Ayhan Ayse 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivePeritoneal endometriosis is the most prevalent yet least diagnosed type due to its unrecognizable nature on imaging modalities especially non- pigmented lesions would escape the surgeons’ eye and experience during diagnostic laparoscopy. We used color adjuvant by the technique called Aqua Blue Contrast Technique (ABCT) to optimize the view and to improve results.Material methodsPatient charts who undergone surgery from 2014 to 2015 and their 5 year follow up data, along with two different control groups, have been analyzed retrospectively. As the first group the patients who had conventional surgery without the use of ABCT) were included, the second group were patients who had ABCT applied on both pelvic side walls but not in cul-de-sac and as the third group the patients who had the surgery with the use of ABCT in all peritoneal cavity have been analyzed. Cases involving ovarian endometriomas and DIE were excluded.ResultsAll patients have been followed up for up to 5 years. In group 1, the recurrence within the postoperative 3 years was 11.9%, and 16.1% after 5 years of surgery. The recurrence of 3 years period and 5 years period for the patients in group 2 were 8.7& and 12.1% respectively. The patients in group 3 recurred 3.2% in the 3 years period and the 4.3% recurrence rate calculated as 4.5% for the following 5 years after surgery.ConclusionResults indicate elimination of high-end spectrum of light using aqua blue contrast technique with hydrodistension of the retroperitoneum enhances the surgeon’s vision, allows lesions otherwise not detected with white light.
Hypokalemia and Clinical Implications in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Chen Dong , Li Xiaokun , Song Qifa , Hu Chenchan , Su Feifei , Dai Jianyi , Ye Yinghai , Huang Jianping , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUNDSARS-CoV-2 has caused a series of COVID-19 globally. SARS-CoV-2 binds angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) of renin–angiotensin system (RAS) and causes prevalent hypokalemiaMETHODSThe patients with COVID-19 were classified into severe hypokalemia, hypokalemia, and normokalemia group. The study aimed to determine the relationship between hypokalemia and clinical features, the underlying causes and clinical implications of hypokalemia.RESULTSBy Feb 15, 2020, 175 patients with COVID-19 (92 women and 83 men; median age, 46 [IQR, 34–54] years) were admitted to hospital in Wenzhou, China, consisting 39 severe hypokalemia-, 69 hypokalemia-, and 67 normokalemia patients. Gastrointestinal symptoms were not associated with hypokalemia among 108 hypokalemia patients (P> 0.05). Body temperature, CK, CK-MB, LDH, and CRP were significantly associated with the severity of hypokalemia (P<0.01). 93% of severe and critically ill patients had hypokalemia which was most common among elevated CK, CK-MB, LDH, and CRP. Urine K+loss was the primary cause of hypokalemia. 1 severe hypokalemia patients was given 3 g/day, adding up to an average of 34 (SD=4) g potassium during hospital stay. The exciting finding was that patients responded well to K+supplements when they were inclined to recovery.CONCLUSIONSHypokalemia is prevailing in patients with COVID-19. The correction of hypokalemia is challenging because of continuous renal K+loss resulting from the degradation of ACE2. The end of urine K+loss indicates a good prognosis and may be a reliable, in-time, and sensitive biomarker directly reflecting the end of adverse effect on RAS system.
Changes of the Commensal Microbiome during Treatment are Associated with Clinical Response in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Huang Tingting , Debelius Justine , Ploner Alexander , Xiao Xiling , Zhang Tingting , Hu Kai , Zhang Zhe , Wang Rensheng , Ye Weimin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractsThe human microbiome has been suggested to be involved in the regulation of response to anticancer therapies. However, little is known regarding changes of commensal microbes in cancer patients during radiotherapy and whether these changes are associated with response to treatment. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal cohort with sixty-two newly diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who were scheduled for radiotherapy-based treatment. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected longitudinally before radiotherapy, during radiotherapy, and after radiotherapy. The nasopharyngeal microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. All patients were followed up to 24 months to define an early or late clinical response. We demonstrated the beta-diversity of the nasopharyngeal microbiome showed temporal changes throughout treatment. The magnitude of changes was stably and significantly different between the early and late responders. The temporal microbial networks among NPC patients with early response differed significantly from those with late response. Seven amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) mapped to Corynebacterium were lost during treatment. Twenty-eight abundant ASVs differed by patients’ responses throughout treatment. Among them, 10 ASVs differed between the early responders and late responders before getting any treatment and the difference was consistent along the radiotherapy course. This study addressed the temporal changes of the nasopharyngeal microbiome in NPC patients during radiotherapy and suggested a significant association with clinical response. The subject-specific changes of the nasopharyngeal microbiome might serve as a potential predictor for clinical response to radiotherapy.ImportanceThe human microbiome has been suggested to be involved in the regulation of response to anticancer therapies. However, little is known regarding changes of commensal microbes in cancer patients during radiotherapy and whether these changes have an impact on response to treatment. In this longitudinal study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, we demonstrate that the temporal changes of the nasopharyngeal microbiome in NPC patients during radiotherapy-based treatment and suggest a significant association with patients’ clinical response. We identify 28 abundant amplicon sequence variants differed significantly between the early and late responders throughout treatment. Among them, 10 are consistently differed by patients’ responses. These subject-specific changes might serve as a potential predictor for clinical response to radiotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example that the commensal microbiome may influence the response to radiotherapy-based treatment in cancer patients.