bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LV pacing as an alternative option to conventional RV pacing in a patient with tricuspid valve replacement
Authors: Iovev Svetoslav , Chilingirova Nezabravka 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a relatively common anomaly. In patients with tricuspid valve repair/replacement (TVR)the control of atrioventricular conduction irregularity can be demanding, given the unavailability for implantation of the right ventricular (RV) endocardial lead, which is not recommended in such cases because of the risk of lead fracture at the valve site and valve damage or failure. Thus, epicardial lead may be an option; it requires a surgical procedure and it is not preferred in patients with prior thoracotomy. Lead implantation via coronary sinus (CS) can be an alternative to conventional right ventricular pacing in this patient population.
Cotton thread modified with ionic liquid copolymerized polymer for online in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction and HPLC analysis of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs
Authors: Liu Zichun , Zhou Wei , Wang Chenlu , Hu Wei , Chen Zilin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCotton fiber is a biodegradable material that possesses properties such as high specific area, adjustable shape, and hygroscopicity. In this work, organic polymer was directly in situ grown on the surface of cotton thread and packed into a poly(ether ether ketone) tube for online in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. The novel strategy solves the problems like high backpressure and tedious optimization process of normal monolithic polymer‐based in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction capillary. The quaternary ammonium typed ionic liquid of 1‐allyl‐methylimidazolium chloride, 4‐vinylbiphenyl, and ethylene dimethacrylate were co‐polymerized and in situ grown on the surface of cotton thread as extraction phase. The solid‐phase microextraction tube showed excellent performance for the extraction of three nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs including ketoprofen, naproxen, and flurbiprofen due to the strong ion exchange and hydrophobic interactions. After online coupling with a high‐performance liquid chromatography system by six‐port valve, the method was applied for the quantitative analysis of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in human plasma samples showing good enrichment performance (enrichment factor between 263 and 279), high sensitivity, good linearity, and good reproducibility.
An Immunogenomic Investigation of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Patients Aged 45 Years and Younger
Authors: Maroun Christopher A. , Zhu Gangcai , Fakhry Carole , Gourin Christine G. , Seiwert Tanguy Y. , Vosler Peter S. , Tan Marietta , Koch Wayne , Eisele David W. , Pardoll Drew M. , Mandal Rajarsi 
Published: April 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate differences in the immunogenomic landscape among young patients presenting with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).Study DesignRetrospective database review.MethodsNormalized messenger mRNA expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. OCSCC patients were categorized into young and older age groups with a cutoff of 45 years. Human papillomavirus–positive tumors were excluded. Cell fractions, marker expression, and mutational load were compared between age groups using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Adjustment for multiple comparisons was performed using the Benjamini‐Hochberg method, with a false discovery rate of 0.05.ResultsTwo hundred forty‐five OCSCC tumors were included; 21 (8.6%) were young (37.1 ± 7.5 years) and 224 (91.4%) were older (64.5 ± 10.3 years). There was no significant difference between groups in the fraction of B and T lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes, natural killers, and dendritic cells. Cytolytic activity score was decreased in young patients (8.33 vs. 18.9, P = .023). Additionally, young patients had significantly lower expression of immunomodulatory markers of immune activation, including PD‐1 (PDCD1, P = .003), CTLA4 (P = .025), TIGIT (P = .002), GITR (TNFRSF18, P = .005), OX40 (TNFRSF4, P = .009), LAG‐3 (P < .001), and TIM‐3 (HAVCR2, P = .002). Young patients had a significantly lower number of single nucleotide variant‐derived neoantigens (26.2 vs. 60.6, P < .001).ConclusionsOCSCC patients aged 45 years and younger appear to have an attenuated immune response that may be related to a lower frequency of immunogenic mutations. This may contribute to the pathogenesis of these tumors, and ultimately help inform personalized immune‐based therapeutic strategies for young patients with OCSCC.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:304–311, 2021
Intravenous vs oral acetaminophen in sinus surgery: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bhoja Ravi , Ryan Matthew W. , Klein Kevin , Minhajuddin Abu , Melikman Emily , Hamza Mohamed , Marple Bradley F. , McDonagh David L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultimodal perioperative analgesia including acetaminophen is recommended by current guidelines. The comparative efficacy of intravenous vs oral acetaminophen in sinus surgery is unknown. We aimed to determine whether intravenous or oral acetaminophen results in superior postoperative analgesia following sinus surgery.MethodsThis was a prospective randomized trial with blinded endpoint assessments conducted at a single large academic medical center. Subjects undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery were randomized to intravenous vs oral acetaminophen in addition to standard anesthetic and surgical care. The primary outcome was visual analogue scale pain score at 1 hour postoperatively.ResultsOne hundred and ten adult patients were randomized; 9 were excluded from the data analysis. Fifty patients were assigned to intravenous acetaminophen and 51 to oral acetaminophen. Postoperative pain scores at 1 hour (primary endpoint) were not significantly different between the intravenous and oral acetaminophen groups. Similarly, there was no significant difference in pain scores at 24 hours postoperatively. Finally, there was no significant difference in postoperative opioid usage in the postanesthesia care unit or over the first 24 hours postoperatively.ConclusionsThis is the first comparative efficacy trial of oral vs intravenous acetaminophen in sinus surgery. There was no significant difference in pain scores at 1 or 24 hours postoperatively, and no difference in postoperative opioid use. Intravenous acetaminophen offers no apparent advantage over oral acetaminophen in patients undergoing sinus surgery.Level of Evidence1b
Combined climate change and nutrient load impacts on future habitats and eutrophication indicators in a eutrophic coastal sea
Authors: Wåhlström Iréne , Höglund Anders , Almroth‐Rosell Elin , MacKenzie Brian R. , Gröger Matthias , Eilola Kari , Plikshs Maris , Andersson Helén C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEutrophication and climate change will affect habitats of species and more generally, the structure and functioning of ecosystems. We used a three‐dimensional, coupled hydrodynamic‐biogeochemical model to investigate potential future changes in size and location of potential habitats of marine species during the 21st century in a large, eutrophicated brackish sea (the Baltic Sea, northern Europe). We conducted scenario projections under the combined impact of nutrient load and climate change. Possible future changes of the eutrophication state of this sea were also assessed through two policy‐relevant indicators. The results imply a physiologically more stressful environment for marine species by the end of the 21st century: volumes of higher salinity water become more hypoxic/anoxic and the volumes of low salinity, oxic water increase. For example, these results impact and reduce cod reproductive habitats. The decrease is mainly climate change induced in the Baltic basins less directly influenced by inflows of saline, oxic water to the Baltic Sea (E Gotland and Gdansk Basins). In basins more directly influenced by such inflows (Arkona and Bornholm Basins), the combined effect from climate change and nutrient loads is of importance. The results for the eutrophication state indicators clearly indicate a more eutrophic sea than at present without a rigorous nutrient reduction policy, that is, the necessity to implement the Baltic Sea Action Plan. The multidisciplinary, multiscenario assessment strategy presented here provides a useful concept for the evaluation of impacts from cumulative stresses of changing climate and socioeconomic pressures on future eutrophication indicators and habitats of marine species.
Evaluation of Fractional CO2 Versus Long Pulsed Nd:YAG Lasers in Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Tawfic Shereen O. , El‐Tawdy Amira , Shalaby Suzan , Foad Ahmed , Shaker Olfat , Sayed Safinaz S. , Metwally Dina 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundKeloids and hypertrophic scars are challenging to both patients and physicians. They can be aesthetically disfiguring, functionally debilitating, and emotionally distressing. Lasers have introduced new mechanisms to improve scars both on aesthetic and symptomatic levels.Aim of WorkComparing the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser, long‐pulsed Nd:YAG laser and their combination in the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids on clinical, histopathological, and biochemical basis.Patients and MethodsThirty patients with hypertrophic scars and keloids were enrolled in the study. Three scars in each patient were randomly assigned to treatment modalities (i) Fractional CO2, (ii) Nd:YAG laser, (iii) Combined CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers. For each treatment area four sessions, 4–6 weeks apart were performed. Clinical evaluation was done before and 1 month following last session using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). Routine hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and Orcein stains were used to evaluate the appearance and pattern of dermal collagen and elastic fibers. Image analysis was used to quantitatively assess the density of collagen and elastic fibers. Biochemical evaluation of tissue level of transforming growth factor‐β I (TGF‐β I) and TGF‐β III was performed using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay studies.ResultsBoth VSS and POSAS showed significant improvement following treatment with the three used modalities. Collagen fibers showed significant improvement as regards appearance and pattern while it was insignificant as regards density. Elastic fibers density improvement was only significant in fractional CO2 (treatment area A). Hypertrophic scars showed more significant improvement with fractional CO2 laser, while in keloids there was no significant difference between the three modalities regarding improvement. Level of TGF‐β I showed significant reduction after treatment in all treatment modalities, while TGF‐β III levels showed insignificant elevation in all treatment modalities. Side effects were significantly higher in treatment area C (combined treatment).ConclusionLong pulsed Nd:YAG laser is effective and safe treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids. Fractional CO2 laser yields better improvement in hypertrophic scars, while in keloids both fractional CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers achieve comparable improvement. Combination in the same session did not add significant additional benefit and the side effects profile was higher.Limitationssmall sample size and short follow‐up period. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical and Histological Assessment of Combined Fractional CO2 Laser and Growth Factors Versus Fractional CO2 Laser Alone in the Treatment of Facial Mature Burn Scars: A Pilot Split‐Face Study
Authors: Weshahy Ragia H. , Aly Dalia G. , Shalaby Suzan , Mohammed Faisal N. , Sayed Khadiga S. 
Published: April 2020

Background and ObjectivesTo investigate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of growth factors combined with fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser in comparison with fractional CO2 alone in a sample of patients with facial mature burn scars.Study Design/Materials and MethodsFifteen Egyptian patients with bilateral facial burn scars were treated with six sessions of fractional CO2 laser at 6‐week intervals. Following each laser session, a topical growth factors cocktail was applied to one side of the face in a split‐face manner. Clinical evaluation by Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (PSOS), and photography before and 2 months after the last laser session was done. Three millimeter punch biopsies were obtained from each side of the face pre‐ and 1‐month posttreatment to measure the mean area percent of collagen.ResultsPosttreatment, both VSS and PSOS scores decreased on both sides of the face being more significant on the growth factors treated side, showing more scar pliability and shorter downtime (P = 0.001). A significant difference in the mean area percent of collagen was also noted on both sides.ConclusionAdding topical growth factors to fractional CO2 laser treatments is effective and safe with better results as regards scar pliability and shorter downtime than fractional CO2 laser alone. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative investigations into microstructural and mechanical properties of as‐cast and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) fabricated duplex steel (1.4517)
Authors: Raffeis I. , Vroomen U. , Adjei‐Kyeremeh F. , Großmann D. , Hammelrath H. , Westhoff E. , Bremen S. , Boscolo Bozza D. , Bührig‐Polaczek A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA methodology is presented that compares the microstructural and mechanical properties of as‐cast and additive‐made ferritic‐austenitic duplex steel 1.4517. Microstructure of approximately equal amounts of ferrite and austenite measured in as‐cast material could not be replicated in post heat‐treated laser powder bed fusion samples after 30 min and 60 min of post heat treatment. This is attributed to nitrogen loss during powder atomization which left fewer austenite formers. Post‐heat treated laser powder bed fusion samples of duplex structure had its austenite content repeatedly adjusted between 38 % and 40 %. As‐built laser powder bed fusion tensile specimens which had a ferritic microstructure recorded high tensile and yield strength but had very poor elongation. Post heat‐treated duplex laser powder bed fusion tensile specimen built in both horizontal and vertical orientations had good tensile and yield strength comparable to conventional casting processes; Tensile strength – 739 MPa (horizontal), 759 MPa (vertical); Yield strength (Rp0.2) – 489 MPa (horizontal), 525 MPa (vertical). The horizontally built duplex specimen had a very high elongation of 32 % than the vertical (11 %) or conventionally reported (22 %). This work establishes the 1.4517 duplex steel as a good candidate with good mechanical properties when processed by additive manufacturing.
Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids Differentially Alter Gut Microbiome and Reverse High‐Fat Diet–Induced Insulin Resistance
Authors: Zhuang Pan , Zhang Yu , Shou Qiyang , Li Haoyu , Zhu Ya'er , He Lilin , Chen Jingnan , Jiao Jingjing 
Published: April 2020

ScopeTo assess the individual effects of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on insulin resistance (IR), gut microbiome, and gut metabolites in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese (DIO) mice.Methods and resultsDIO mice are fed an either high‐fat diet (HFD), EPA (1% w/w) enriched HFD, or DHA (1% wt/wt) enriched HFD for 15 weeks. Both EPA and DHA supplements reverse hyperglycemia and IR but do not affect body weight in DIO mice while DHA exhibits a more pronounced ameliorative effect in male mice. Both EPA‐ and DHA‐enriched Lactobacillus and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs)‐producing species from Lachnospiraceae while reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐producing Bilophila and Escherichia/Shigella. Compared with EPA, DHA‐supplemented mice have more abundant propionic/butyric acid‐producing bacteria, including Coprococcus, Butyricimonas synergistica, Bacteroides acidifaciens, and Intestinimonas, and less‐abundant LPS‐correlated species Streptococcus and p‐75‐a5. The shifts in gut microbiome co‐occurred with the changes in levels of propionic/butyric acid, circulating LPS, and serotonin. Additionally, EPA/DHA supplementation attenuates adipose inflammation with upregulated glucose transporter 4 and Akt phosphorylation, indicating the improvement of insulin signaling.ConclusionEPA and DHA differentially reverse IR and relieve adipose inflammation while modulating gut microbiome and SCFAs/LPS production, underscoring the gut‐adipose axis as a primary target of EPA/DHA.
An approach to calculating large strain accumulation for discrete element simulations of granular media
Authors: Nguyen Nhu H.T. , Bui Ha H. , Nguyen Giang D. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryFor research on granular materials, establishing a method to calculate continuum strain from particle displacements is necessary for understanding the material behaviour at macro‐level and developing continuum constitutive models. Existing methods are generally based on constructing a mesh or background grid to calculate strain from particle motions. These methods offer rigorous ways to measure strain for granular materials; however, they suffer from several problems such as mesh distortion and lacking grid‐to‐particle strain mapping procedure, which hinders their capability of calculating strain accumulation during large deformation processes of granular media. To address this issue, this study proposes a new strain calculation method for discrete element simulations of granular materials. This method describes a particle assembly as an equivalent continuum system of material points, each of which corresponds to a particle centre and represents a continuous region with its initial volume/area presumably equal to the volume/area of Voronoi cells generated in accordance with the particle assembly configuration. Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) interpolation functions are then employed to calculate strain for these material points. This SPH‐based method does not require any mesh or background grid for computation, leading to advantages in calculating strain accumulation under large deformation. Simulations of granular materials in both uniform and heterogeneous gradations were carried out, and strain results obtained by the proposed method indicate good agreements with analytical and numerical solutions. This demonstrates its potential for strain calculations in discrete element simulations of granular materials involving large deformations and/or large displacements.
Simultaneous topology and build orientation optimization for minimization of additive manufacturing cost and time
Authors: Fritz Kevin , Kim Il Yong 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe ever‐present demand for increased performance in mechanical systems, and reduced cost and manufacturing time, has led to the adoption of computational design tools and innovative manufacturing methods. One such tool is topology optimization (TO), which often produces designs that are impracticable to manufacture. However, recent developments in additive manufacturing (AM) have made production of such complex designs feasible. Therefore, integration of these technologies has the potential to innovate the design and manufacture of mechanical components. This work presents a novel mathematical methodology for multiobjective minimization of structural compliance and AM cost and time, in simultaneous build orientation and density‐based TO. Component surface area and support volume were implemented in this method as the physical factors influencing AM cost and time. A new methodology was produced to approximate support volume throughout TO with variable build orientation, enabling direct minimization of support volume in the proposed optimization. The methodology allows derivation of sensitivity expressions, thereby permitting the use of efficient gradient‐based optimization solvers. Three numerical examples demonstrated that the proposed methodology can efficiently produce optimum build orientations and topologies, which significantly reduce structural compliance and AM cost and
time.
Neutrophils expressing lysyl oxidase‐like 4 protein are present in colorectal cancer liver metastases resistant to anti‐angiogenic therapy
Authors: Palmieri Vincent , Lazaris Anthoula , Mayer Thomas Z , Petrillo Stephanie K , Alamri Hussam , Rada Miran , Jarrouj George , Park Woong‐Yang , Gao Zu‐hua , McDonald Patrick P , Metrakos Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) that present with a replacement histopathological growth pattern (HGP) are resistant to neoadjuvant anti‐angiogenic therapy. Surrogate biomarkers are not available to preoperatively identify patients with these tumors. Here we identify differentially expressed genes between CRCLM with a replacement HGP and those with a desmoplastic HGP using RNA sequencing. We demonstrate that LOXL4 is transcriptionally upregulated in replacement HGP CRCLM compared with desmoplastic HGP CRCLM and the adjacent normal liver. Interestingly, lysyl oxidase‐like 4 (LOXL4) protein was expressed by neutrophils present in the tumor microenvironment in replacement HGP CRCLM. We further demonstrate that LOXL4 expression is higher in circulating neutrophils of cancer patients compared with healthy control patients and its expression can be induced by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and TNF‐α. Our study is the first to show the expression of LOXL4 in neutrophils and reveals the potential for LOXL4‐expressing neutrophils to support the replacement HGP phenotype and to serve as a surrogate biomarker for this subtype of CRCLM. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of an intervention combining self‐care and self‐hypnosis on fatigue and associated symptoms in post‐treatment cancer patients: A randomized‐controlled trial
Authors: Grégoire Charlotte , Faymonville Marie‐Elisabeth , Vanhaudenhuyse Audrey , Charland‐Verville Vanessa , Jerusalem Guy , Willems Sylvie , Bragard Isabelle 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveCancer has a lot of consequences such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, emotional distress, cognitive impairment and reduced physical activity. Some hypnosis‐based psychological interventions showed positive effects on fatigue, sleep and emotional distress, but generally focused on breast cancer patients. Our study aimed at assessing the effects of a group intervention combining self‐care and self‐hypnosis on quality of life of cancer patients.MethodsOur longitudinal randomized‐controlled trial assessed the benefits of the intervention first on fatigue and secondly on associated symptoms (sleep, emotional distress, cognitive impairment and reduced physical activity) of post‐treatment cancer patients, and investigated predictors of the evolution of fatigue. All variables were measured with questionnaires and an actigraph (for sleep and physical activity).ResultsNinety five women with different cancers were included in our study. Group‐by‐time effects were showed for fatigue, sleep, emotional distress and cognitive functioning: symptoms have improved in the intervention group compared to wait‐list control group. Three predictors of the evolution of fatigue were revealed: depression, anxiety and worry.ConclusionsOur group intervention had benefits for post‐treatment cancer patients' quality of life. Impacting emotional distress could be important in order to decrease fatigue. Further studies are needed to replicate our results. This intervention could be easily implemented to improve quality of life of cancer patients.Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03144154). Retrospectively registered on the 1st of May, 2017.