bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness-based interventions to reduce burnout and stress in physicians: a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fendel Johannes Caspar , Bürkle Johannes Julian , Göritz Anja Simone 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionPhysicians often suffer from burnout and stress, not only affecting themselves, but also their patients and the healthcare system in general. An increasing number of studies suggest that mindfulness-based interventions improve physicians’ well-being as well as the quality of care they deliver. However, the evidence is scattered, and a systematic review and meta-analysis is lacking. To the best of our knowledge, this systematic review and meta-analysis will be the first to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing burnout and stress among physicians. Further, it aims to uncover potential moderators of intervention effectiveness.Methods and analysisMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PSYINDEX, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials will be screened without language or publication date restrictions. In addition, backward and forward citation searches of included studies and relevant reviews will be conducted. Studies examining the effect of interventions for physicians explicitly based on mindfulness will be included. Primary outcomes will be pre-post changes in burnout and stress if assessed with validated measures. Two reviewers independently search, select and extract data, and rate the methodological quality of the studies. Both controlled and uncontrolled studies will be included. Randomised controlled trails will be meta-analysed separately using between-group effect. In addition, non-randomised trials including non-controlled before-after studies will be meta-analysed using within-group effect. Potential moderators and sources of between-study heterogeneity will be tested using meta-regression and subgroup analyses. Futhermore, a narrative synthesis will be pursued. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system (GRADE) will be used to assess the quality of the cumulated evidence.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019133077
Research capacity in nursing: a concept analysis based on a scoping review
Authors: Chen Qirong , Sun Mei , Tang Siyuan , Castro Aimee R. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveAs the discipline of nursing has advanced, research capacity in nursing has become increasingly important to the discipline’s development. However, research capacity in nursing is still commonly used as a buzzword, without a consistent and clear definition. The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept of research capacity in nursing by identifying its conceptual components in the relevant nursing literature using the Pragmatic Utility method.DesignA Pragmatic Utility concept analysis based on a scoping review.Data sourcesAcademic literature retrieved from PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses (PQDT).Eligibility criteriaQualitative studies, quantitative studies, mixed method studies or literature reviews focusing on research capacity in nursing published in English between 2009 and 2019.ResultsCompetence, motivation, infrastructure and collaboration for nursing research are the antecedents of research capacity in nursing. The attributes of research capacity in nursing are ‘non-individual level’, ‘context-embeddedness’ and ‘sustainability’. The direct outcome of research capacity in nursing is nursing research. The allied concepts identified are nursing research competency, nursing research capability and evidence-based practice capacity in nursing.ConclusionsResearch capacity in nursing is the ability to conduct nursing research activities in a sustainable manner in a specific context, and it is normally used at a non-individual level. Research capacity in nursing is critical for the development of the nursing discipline, and for positive nurse, patient and healthcare system outcomes. More studies are needed to further explore the allied concepts of research capacity in nursing, and to better understand relationships among these allied concepts.
Efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum, B. infantis and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics to prevent gut dysbiosis in preterm infants of 28+0–32+6 weeks of gestation: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial: the PRIMAL Clinical Study protocol
Authors: Marißen Janina , Haiß Annette , Meyer Claudius , Van Rossum Thea , Bünte Lisa Marie , Frommhold David , Gille Christian , Goedicke-Fritz Sybelle , Göpel Wolfgang , Hudalla Hannes , Pagel Julia , Pirr Sabine , Siller Bastian , Viemann Dorothee , Vens Maren , König Inke , Herting Egbert , Zemlin Michael , Gehring Stephan , Bork Peer , Henneke Philipp , Härtel Christoph 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionThe healthy ‘eubiosis’ microbiome in infancy is regarded as the microbiome derived from term, vaginally delivered, antibiotic free, breastfed infants at 4–6 months. Dysbiosis is regarded as a deviation from a healthy state with reduced microbial diversity and deficient capacity to control drug-resistant organisms. Preterm infants are highly sensitive to early gut dysbiosis. Latter has been associated with sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis, but may also contribute to long-term health problems. Probiotics hold promise to reduce the risk for adverse short-term outcomes but the evidence from clinical trials remains inconclusive and none has directly assessed the effects of probiotics on the microbiome at high resolution.Methods and analysisA randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled study has been designed to assess the safety and efficacy of the probiotic mix of Bifidobacterium longum and infantis and Lactobacillus acidophilus in the prevention of gut dysbiosis in preterm infants between 28+0 and 32+6 weeks of gestation. The study is conducted in 18 German neonatal intensive care units. Between April 2018 and March 2020, 654 preterm infants of 28+0–32+6 weeks of gestation will be randomised in the first 48 hours of life to 28 days of once daily treatment with either probiotics or placebo. The efficacy endpoint is the prevention of gut dysbiosis at day 30 of life. A compound definition of gut dysbosis is used: (1) colonisation with multidrug-resistant organisms or gram-negative bacteria with high epidemic potential or (2) a significant deviation of the gut microbiota composition as compared with healthy term infants. Dysbiosis is determined by (1) conventional microbiological culture and (2) phylogenetic microbiome analysis by high-throughput 16S rRNA and metagenome sequencing. Persistence of dysbiosis will be assessed at 12-month follow-up visits. Side effects and adverse events related to the intervention will be recorded. Key secondary endpoint(s) are putative consequences of dysbiosis. A subgroup of infants will be thoroughly phenotyped for immune parameters using chipcytometry.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained in all participating sites. Results of the trial will be published in peer-review journals, at scientific meetings, on the website (www.primal-study.de) and via social media of parent organisations.Trial registration numberDRKS00013197; Pre-results.
Existing comorbidities in people with osteoarthritis: a retrospective analysis of a population-based cohort in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Marshall Deborah A , Liu Xiaoxiao , Barnabe Cheryl , Yee Karen , Faris Peter D , Barber Claire , Mosher Dianne , Noseworthy Thomas , Werle Jason , Lix Lisa 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of comorbidities among people with osteoarthritis (OA) using administrative health data.DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.SettingAll residents in the province of Alberta, Canada registered with the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan population registry.Participants497 362 people with OA as defined by ‘having at least one OA-related hospitalization, or at least two OA-related physician visits or two ambulatory care visits within two years’.Primary outcome measuresWe selected eight comorbidities based on literature review, clinical consultation and the availability of validated case definitions to estimate their frequencies at the time of diagnosis of OA. Sex-stratified age-standardised prevalence rates per 1000 population of eight clinically relevant comorbidities were calculated using direct standardisation with 95% CIs. We applied χ2 tests of independence with a Bonferroni correction to compare the percentage of comorbid conditions in each age group.Results54.6% (n=2 71 794) of people meeting the OA case definition had at least one of the eight selected comorbidities. Females had a significantly higher rate of comorbidities compared with males (standardised rates ratio=1.26, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.28). Depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypertension were the most prevalent in both females and males after age-standardisation, with 40% of all cases having any combination of these comorbidities. We observed a significant difference in the percentage of comorbidities among age groups, illustrated by the youngest age group (<45 years) having the highest percentage of cases with depression (24.6%), compared with a frequency of 16.1% in those >65 years.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the high frequency of comorbidity in people with OA, with depression having the highest age-standardised prevalence rate. Comorbidities differentially affect females, and vary by age. These factors should inform healthcare programme and delivery.
IDEAL Stage 2a experience with in-office, transperineal MRI/ultrasound software fusion targeted prostate biopsy
Authors: Tzeng Michael , Cricco-Lizza Eliza , Al Hussein Al Awamlh Bashir , Pantuck Morgan , Margolis Daniel J , Yu Miko , Hu Jim 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveAlthough the feasibility of transperineal biopsy under local anesthesia has been demonstrated, little is known regarding the application of MRI/ultrasound software fusion targeted biopsy for transperineal biopsy under local anesthesia. The objective of our study is to describe our initial experience with in-office transperineal MRI/ultrasound software fusion targeted biopsy (Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term Follow-up [IDEAL] Stage 2a).MethodsBetween October 2017 and July 2019, 33 men underwent in-office transperineal MRI-targeted biopsy using the Artemis (Eigen, Grass Valley, CA, USA) fixed-robotic arm system. The indication for biopsy was elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) (n=14), prior negative biopsy (n=10), active surveillance (n=6), and surveillance after partial gland cryoablation (n=3). We prospectively captured patient demographic and clinical characteristics, biopsy outcomes, and complications. Complications were classified according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) V.5.0.ResultsThe median patient age was 67 years (IQR 61–71) and the median serum PSA level was 7.0 ng/mL (IQR 5.1–11.4). The median duration of in-office MRI-targeted transperineal biopsy was 26 min (IQR 23–28). Overall, transperineal MRI-targeted biopsy detected prostate cancer in 18 (54.6%) men, with 8 (24.2%) being clinically significant (Gleason Score ≥3+4, Grade Group ≥2). Clinically significant prostate cancer was detected in four (28.6%) biopsy naïve men, two (20.0%) men with a prior negative, one (16.7%) man on active surveillance and one (33.3%) man following partial gland ablation. Three (9.1%) men experienced complications: two hematuria and one urinary retention.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate the feasibility of the fixed-robotic arm fusion platform for in-office transperineal MRI-targeted biopsy and a low rate of adverse events. However, larger prostate size precludes MRI/ultrasound software fusion and pubic arch interference hindered the transperineal MRI-targeted approach in 9.1% of men. Pubic arch interference was overcome by a free-hand approach with software fusion guidance.
Security-aware Routing and Scheduling for Control Applications on Ethernet TSN Networks
Authors: Mahfouzi Rouhollah , Aminifar Amir , Samii Soheil , Eles Petru , Peng Zebo 
Published: November 2019

Today, it is common knowledge in the cyber-physical systems domain that the tight interaction between the cyber and physical elements provides the possibility of substantially improving the performance of these systems that is otherwise impossible. On the downside, however, this tight interaction with cyber elements makes it easier for an adversary to compromise the safety of the system. This becomes particularly important, since such systems typically are composed of several critical physical components, e.g., adaptive cruise control or engine control that allow deep intervention in the driving of a vehicle. As a result, it is important to ensure not only the reliability of such systems, e.g., in terms of schedulability and stability of control plants, but also resilience to adversarial attacks.
In this article, we propose a security-aware methodology for routing and scheduling for control applications in Ethernet networks. The goal is to maximize the resilience of control applications within these networked control systems to malicious interference while guaranteeing the stability of all control plants, despite the stringent resource constraints in such cyber-physical systems. Our experimental evaluations demonstrate that careful optimization of available resources can significantly improve the resilience of these networked control systems to attacks.
Longitudinal Changes of Subpubic Arch Angle throughout Pregnancy
Authors: Martelli Federica , Youssef Aly , Capogna Maria Vittoria , Bruno Antonella , Bruno Valentina , Dodaro Maria Gaia , Ticconi Carlo , Ghi Tullio , Piccione Emilio , Pietropolli Adalgisa 
Published: November 2019

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of this study is to assess whether the subpubic arch angle (SPA) changes throughout pregnancy. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> We recruited a group of nulliparous women in the first trimester of pregnancy. Each woman was assessed 3 times throughout pregnancy, once per each trimester, by measuring SPA using a recently described highly reproducible three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound (linear reconstruction with contrast enhancement technique; OmniView-volume contrast imaging). Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to study SPA changes during pregnancy. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, 97 women were included in the final analysis. SPA increased progressively and significantly (<i>F</i> = 27.824, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) from the first to the second trimester (121.8 ± 8.7 vs. 123.5 ± 8.4°, <i>p</i> = 0.01) and from the second to the third trimester (123.5 ± 8.4 vs. 125.3 ± 8.1°, <i>p</i> = 0.01). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> SPA width increases progressively but slightly during pregnancy. Although this finding is interesting, the extremely small difference detected is unlikely to be clinically significant.
E quando o subalterno fala? Ideologia, tradução e ética
Authors: Auad Pedro Trindade 
Published: November 2019

Este artigo parte do seminal texto de Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Pode o Subalterno Falar? para refletir sobre as impossibilidade de fala, mas também de escuta. Para tal abordagem, retomamos as discussões sobre ideologia presentes na obra da teórica indiana e seus desdobramos sobre o problema do subalterno. Assim, sendo um problema que se inscreve na linguagem, acionamos teóricos com afinidade com a autora, notadamente Judith Butler e Jacques Derrida, para pensarmos sobre os paradoxos que nascem tanto em certa sujeição ideológica quanto na apropriação da linguagem. Nesse sentido, chegamos ao problema da tradução, entendida como um procedimento social e ético. A tradução, assim, se torna condição necessária para que o subalterno tenha alguma possibilidade de fala.
No tempo de migrar
Authors: Alves Jenima De Souza , Jubran Safa A. C. 
Published: November 2019

Resultante do contato com a alteridade inglesa, o texto de Tayeb Salih, Tempo de migrar para o norte, publicado há mais de meio século, continua a suscitar reflexões de uma questão que causa conflitos no mundo hodierno, a migração dos povos. Retratando de maneira intensa a intrincada relação Colônia versus Metrópole, o autor nos apresenta uma outra versão da história que, por tanto tempo, esteve sob controle do colonizador. Considerada uma das mais importantes obras árabes do século XX, foi traduzida ao português pela primeira vez no ano de 2004, e é o único texto árabe, com exceção de As mil e uma noites, a ser reeditado no Brasil. Dada a importância da novela tanto para o sistema literário árabe como para os estudos pós-coloniais, no presente trabalho propomos uma abordagem do texto que não só o apresente como uma obra que denuncia a exploração colonial inglesa, mas também se posta como um contradiscurso no processo dialógico nas relações Oriente-Ocidente. Por fim, analisaremos alguns excertos do texto que julgamos expressivos e que o distingue como uma obra vanguardista.
Patients’ Willingness to Accept Mitral Valve Procedure-Associated Risks Varies Across Severity of Heart Failure Symptoms
Authors: Reed Shelby D. , Fairchild Angelyn O. , Johnson F. Reed , Gonzalez Juan Marcos , Mentz Robert J. , Krucoff Mitchell W. , Vemulapalli Sreekanth 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Devices and Radiological Health issued Guidance in 2016 on generating patient preference information to aid evaluation of medical devices. Consistent with this guidance, we aimed to provide quantitative patient preference evidence on benefit-risk tradeoffs relevant to transcatheter mitral valve repair versus medical therapy for patients with heart failure and symptomatic secondary mitral regurgitation.

Methods:
A discrete-choice experiment survey was designed to quantify patients’ tolerance for 30-day mortality or serious bleeding risks to achieve improvements in physical functioning or reductions in heart failure hospitalizations. Two samples were recruited: an online US panel of individuals reporting a diagnosis of heart failure (n=244) and patients with heart failure treated at Duke University Health System (n=175). Random-effects logit regression was used to model treatment choices as a function of benefit and risk levels.

Results:
Across both samples, approximately one-quarter (23.5%) consistently chose device profiles offering the higher level of physical functioning despite mortality and bleeding risks as high as 10%. Among respondents who at least once chose a device profile offering a lower level of functioning, improvement in physical functioning equivalent to a change from New York Heart Association class IV to III was ≈6 times more preferred than a change from New York Heart Association class III to II. Estimated discrete-choice experiment utility gains and losses revealed that respondents would accept up to a 9.7 percentage-point (95% CI, 8.2%–13.3%) increase in risk of 30-day mortality with devices that could improve functioning from New York Heart Association class IV to III, or up to 2.0% (95% CI, 1.4%–2.7%) for an improvement from New York Heart Association class III to II.

Conclusions:
Severity of heart failure symptoms influences patients’ willingness to accept risks associated with mitral valve medical devices. These findings can inform shared decision-making discussions with patients who are being evaluated for transcatheter mitral valve repair.
Plasma Aldosterone Levels Are Not Associated With Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With High‐Risk Vascular Disease: Insights From the ACCELERATE Trial
Authors: Kumar Anirudh , Patel Divyang R. , Brennan Danielle M. , Wolski Kathy E. , Lincoff A. Michael , Ruotolo Giacomo , McErlean Ellen , Weerakkody Govinda , Riesmeyer Jeffrey S. , Nicholls Stephen J. , Nissen Steven E. , Menon Venu 
Published: November 2019

Background

The failure of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor torcetrapib was associated with an off‐target increase in plasma aldosterone. We sought to evaluate the impact of evacetrapib on plasma aldosterone level and determine the association between plasma aldosterone level and major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with stable high‐risk vascular disease enrolled in the
ACCELERATE
(Assessment of Clinical Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Inhibition With Evacetrapib in Patients at a High Risk for Vascular Outcomes) trial.

Methods and Results

We included all patients with a plasma aldosterone level (N=1624) and determined the impact of evacetrapib exposure compared with placebo on plasma aldosterone levels after 12 months of treatment. Using baseline and postexposure aldosterone levels, hazard ratios for major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, hospitalization for unstable angina, and revascularization) with increasing quartile of baseline and percentage change in plasma aldosterone level at follow‐up were calculated. The average age was 65.2 years, 75.7% were men, 93.7% were hypertensive, 73.3% were diabetic, and 57.6% had a prior myocardial infarction. Baseline plasma aldosterone level (85.2 [43, 150] versus 86.8 [43, 155] pmol/L;
P
=0.81) and follow‐up percentage change (13.6% [−29, 88] versus 17.9% [−24, 87];
P
=0.23) were similar between those who received evacetrapib and placebo. During median follow‐up of 28 months, major adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 263 patients (16.2%). The hazard ratios for increasing quartile of baseline or percentage change in plasma aldosterone level at follow‐up were not significant for major adverse cardiovascular events. These findings remained consistent when adjusting for significant characteristics.

Conclusions
Exposure to evacetrapib did not result in significant change in plasma aldosterone levels compared with placebo. Among patients with stable high‐risk vascular disease, plasma aldosterone levels were not a predictor for future cardiovascular events.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
01687998.
Effects of food restriction on body mass, energy metabolism and thermogenesis in a tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)
Authors: Hong-bi Peng , Dong-min Hou , Di Zhang , Wan-long Zhu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The metabolic switch hypothesis refers to an ability to adjust metabolic rate. It plays a key role in animals adapted to periods of food shortage, enabling them to “switch down” their resting metabolic rate and to survive and maintain their weight indefinitely on limited rations. The present study investigates the energy strategies of a small mammal in response to food shortages as a function of food restriction, metabolic rate and ambient temperature. We subjected tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) to food restriction and measured body mass, survival rate, resting metabolic rate, non-shivering thermogenesis and cytochrome c oxidase activity of brown adipose tissue. Cold-exposed animals restricted to 80% of ad libitum food intake had significantly increased resting metabolic rate and non-shivering thermogenesis and decreased body mass and survival rates compared with those kept as control group on the same ood restriction level. Animals classified as having a high resting metabolic rate consumed 30.69% more food than those classified as having a low resting metabolic rate, but showed no differences in body mass or survival when restricted to 80% of ad libitum food intake. These results indicate that tree shrews, known for their relatively high metabolic rates, are sensitive to periods of food restriction, which supports the metabolic switch hypothesis. Our findings are also consistent with the prediction that small mammals with food hoarding behaviors, like tree shrews, may have a lower tolerance for food shortages than non-hoarding species.