bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An active and verifiable trust evaluation approach for edge computing
Authors: Mo Wen , Wang Tian , Zhang Shaobo , Zhang Jinhuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBillions of Internet of Thing (IoT) devices are deployed in edge network. They are used to monitor specific event, process and to collect huge data to control center with smart decision based on the collected data. However, some malicious IoT devices may interrupt and interfere with normal nodes in data collection, causing damage to edge network. Due to the open character of the edge network, how to identify the credibility of these nodes, thereby identifying malicious IoT devices, and ensure reliable data collection in the edge network is a great challenge. In this paper, an Active and Verifiable Trust Evaluation (AVTE) approach is proposed to identify the credibility of IoT devices, so to ensure reliable data collection for Edge Computing with low cost. The main innovations of the AVTE approach compared with the existing work are as follows: (1) In AVTE approach, the trust of the device is obtained by an actively initiated trusted detection routing method. It is fast, accurate and targeted. (2) The acquisition of trust in the AVTE approach is based on a verifiable method and it ensures that the trust degree has higher reliability. (3) The trust acquisition method proposed in this paper is low-cost. An encoding returned verification method is applied to obtain verification messages at a very low cost. This paper proposes an encoding returned verification method, which can obtain verification messages at a very low cost. In addition, the strategy of this paper adopts initiation and verification of adaptive active trust detection according to the different energy consumption of IoT devices, so as to reliably obtain the trust of device under the premise of ensuring network lifetime. Theoretical analysis shows that AVTE approach can improve the data collection rate by 0.5 ~ 23.16% while ensuring long network lifetime compared with the existing scheme.
The use of remdesivir outside of clinical trials during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Halimi Vesa , Daci Armond , Ridova Nevenka , Panovska-Stavridis Irina , Stevanovic Milena , Filipce Venko , Dimovski Aleksandar , Grozdanova Aleksandra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWith a scientific background from filoviruses, paramyxoviruses, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV, remdesivir entered into the COVID-19 battle to become one of the favorable therapeutic candidates with potential antiviral activity in the treatment of this disease. Globally, remdesivir was accessed and investigated through clinical research (clinical trials) and clinical practice (compassionate use, expanded access, early access scheme, and emergency use). Currently, remdesivir approval status differs between states. This paper aims to review and analyze regulatory approaches for accessing and investigating remdesivir, by communicating regulatory variability between countries in terms of terminology, modalities, and protocols.
Sagittal knee kinematics in relation with the posterior tibia slope during jump landing after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Keizer Michèle N. J. , Hijmans Juha M. , Gokeler Alli , Otten Egbert , Brouwer Reinoud W. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
An increased posterior tibia plateau angle is associated with increased risk for anterior cruciate ligament injury and re-rupture after reconstruction. The aims of this study were to determine whether the tibia plateau angle correlates with dynamic anterior tibia translation (ATT) after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and whether the tibia plateau angle correlates with aspects of knee kinematics and kinetics during jump landing.

Methods
Thirty-seven patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autograft hamstring tendon were included. Knee flexion angle and knee extension moment during single leg hops for distance were determined using a motion capture system and the dynamic ATT with its embedded method. The medial and lateral posterior tibia plateau angle were measured using MRI. Moreover, passive ATT was measured using the KT-1000 arthrometer.

Results
A weak negative correlation was found between the maximal dynamic ATT and the medial tibia plateau angle (p = 0.028, r = − 0.36) and between the maximal knee flexion angle and the lateral tibia plateau angle (p = 0.025, r = − 0.37) during landing. Patients with a smaller lateral tibia plateau angle show larger maximal knee flexion angle during landing than the patients with larger lateral tibia plateau angle. Also, the lateral tibia plateau angle is associated the amount of with muscle activity.

Conclusion
The posterior medical tibia plateau angle is associated with dynamic ATT. The maximal knee flexion angle and muscle activity are associated with the posterior lateral tibia plateau angle.

Level of evidence
III
High resolution diffusion-weighted imaging with readout segmentation of long variable echo-trains for determining myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Xie Mengnv , Ren Zhen , Bian Dujun , Li Dan , Yu Li , Zhu Fang , Huang Rui , Zhang Zhibang , Suye Suye , Fu Chun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
We assessed the image quality of endometrial cancer lesions by readout segmentation of long variable echo-trains (RESOLVE) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) compared with that by single-shot echo-planar imaging (SS-EPI) DWI, aimed to explore the value of RESOLVE DWI for determining myometrial invasion and clinical stage in endometrial cancer.

Materials and methods
From April 2017 to March 2018, a total of 30 endometrial cancer patients (mean age 52.8 ± 9.0 years), who had undergone RESOLVE DWI and SS-EPI DWI, were included in the study. The image quality of endometrial carcinoma by two kinds of DWI scanning methods was compared qualitatively and quantitatively. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to assess the correlation of qualitative image quality scores between two readers. The accuracy of two DWI methods in detecting myometrial invasion and staging of endometrial carcinoma was calculated according to postoperative pathological results. The indexes were analyzed including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

Results
The qualitative score of RESOLVE DWI group was superior to SS-EPI DWI group in every aspect of five aspects (all P < 0.001). Interobserver agreement of depiction was good or excellent in two DWI sequences. Signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio values in RESOLVE DWI group were both higher than those in SS-EPI DWI group (P<0.001). No statistical difference of apparent diffusion coefficient value was observed between two DWI groups (P = 0.261). The specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of estimating myometrial invasion by RESOLVE DWI in three cases (intramucosal lesion, <50% superficial invasion and ≥ 50% deep invasion) were all higher than those by SS-EPI DWI for endometrial carcinoma. Especially RESOLVE DWI was valuable in judging <50% superficial invasion (95%CI:0.586, 0.970). No significant difference in accuracy staging was between the two DWI groups (P = 0.125).

Conclusion
RESOLVE DWI can provide higher quality images of endometrial carcinoma than SS-EPI DWI. The high-quality images are helpful for precise assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer.
Creation of an optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound model for NeuroICU education
Authors: Felix Heidi M. , Rosenbush Kristin A. , Lannen Amy M. , Pooley Robert A. , Siegel Jason L. , Brown Benjamin L. , McMullan Melissa L. , Collins Christina I. , Freeman William D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Using ultrasound to measure optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is an emerging bedside technique to noninvasively assess intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with brain injury. This technique is unique among bedside ultrasonography and is often performed by providers who have no formal ultrasound training. We sought to create a low-cost, 3D, reusable ONSD model to train neurology, neurosurgery, and critical care providers in measuring ICP.

Results
We identified 253 articles, of which 15 were associated with models and 2 with simulation. One gelatin model was reported, upon which we based our initial design. We could not validate the visual findings of this model; however, after constructing multiple beta models, the design most representative of human eye anatomy was a globe made of ballistics gel and either a 3 mm, 5 mm, or 7 mm × 50 mm 3D-printed optic nerve inserted into a platform composed of ballistics gel, all of which sat inside a 3D-printed skull. This model was used to teach ONSD measurements with ultrasound at a continuing medical education event prior to training on a live human model.

Conclusion
A simple 3D ballistic ONSD model allows learners to practice proper hand placement and pressure, basic landmarks, and ONSD measurement prior to operating on a human eye. This model is replicable and sustainable given that the globe and platform are composed of ballistics gel.
Exploring patient and public involvement (PPI) and co-production approaches in mental health research: learning from the PARTNERS2 research programme
Authors:   The PARTNERS2 writing collective, Allen Dawn , Cree Lindsey , Dawson Paul , El Naggar Shaimma , Gibbons Bliss , Gibson John , Gill Laura , Gwernan-Jones Ruth , Hobson-Merrett Charley , Jones Beverly , Khan Hameed , McCabe Catherine , Mancini Mary , McLellan Dougie , Nettle Mary , Pinfold Vanessa , Rawcliffe Tim , Sanders Angela , Sayers Ruth , Smith Deb , Wright Diane 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in research is a growing field of work, incorporating experiential knowledge within research processes. Co-production is a more recent PPI approach that emphasises the importance of power-sharing to promote inclusive research practices, valuing and respecting knowledge from different sources, and relationship building. Applying co-production principles in research trials can be difficult, and there are few detailed worked examples or toolkits. This paper explores the successes and challenges encountered by one research team.

Methods
Our paper is written by a team of 21 people working on PARTNERS2, led by a smaller co-ordinating group. Using a co-operative style inquiry, the authors have reflected on and written about their experiences; analysis of the resulting 15 accounts provided examples of how PPI and co-production were delivered in practice.

Results
We reveal varied and complicated experiences as we developed our collaborative approach across the entire research programme. Four main themes emerge from reflective accounts which describe aspects of this process: (1) recognising the importance of ‘emotional work’; (2) developing safe spaces to create and share knowledge; (3) some challenges of using our personal identities in research work; and (4) acknowledging power-sharing within the research hierarchy. We also found continual relationship building, how different forms of expertise were valued, and stigma were central to shaping what work was possible together. Other important practices were transparency, particularly over decision making, and clear communication.

Conclusions
Our work provides one example of the ‘messy’ nature of collaborative research in practice. The learning we surface was contextual, generated within a large-scale research programme, but applicable to other studies. We found for success there needs to be an acknowledgement of the importance of emotional work, creating safe spaces to co-produce, transparency in decision making and reflection on the difficulties of using personal identities in research work including for service user researchers. These elements are more important than existing guidelines suggest. Implementation of actions to support emotional work, will require changes within individual teams as well as institutions. Introducing reflective practice in teams may be helpful in identifying further improvements to inclusive research practice.
Pedicle internal limiting membrane flap technique for very large macular holes: a preliminary report
Authors: Tavares Neto José Edísio da Silva , Coelho Igor Neves , Jorge Rodrigo , Isaac David Leonardo Cruvinel , de Ávila Marcos Pereira 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Conventional vitrectomy technique for macular hole surgery has a good outcome in small and medium macular holes, but for very large macular holes (minimum linear diameter higher than 700 μm) other techniques were developed aiming to achieve greater rates of closure and visual acuity gain. The purpose of this article is to report the anatomical and functional outcomes of four very large macular hole (MH) cases which have undergone vitrectomy with the pedicle internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique.

Methods
This is a retrospective series of four patients with large MH who were treated with vitrectomy and the pedicle ILM flap technique. Comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation was performed before surgery and included ETDRS best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for MH measures: height, minimum linear diameter (MLD) and external base diameter. The particular detail of this technique is related to ILM flap creation. During the peeling, the ILM was not removed completely from the retina but was left attached to the edges of the macular hole and subsequently trimmed with the vitrectomy probe using the scissors mode.

Results
Four patients with very large MH underwent PPV and the pedicle ILM flap technique was used to pursue macular closure. Median preoperative BCVA was 20/400 (range: 20/320 to 20/400) and median postoperative BCVA was 20/200 (range: 20/320 to 20/200). Of the 4 cases reported, 3 obtained anatomical closure (75%), and also presented BCVA improvement after surgery, considering the last follow-up visit of each case. No additional procedures were performed in either case. One patient demonstrated no anatomic and functional improvement.

Conclusion
The present study describes the first Brazilian case series of very large MH treated by the inverted pedicle ILM flap technique. This technique was associated with anatomic and visual improvement in most cases, and represents an alternative therapeutic approach for large macular holes.
Trial Registration Project registered in Plataforma Brasil with CAAE number 30163520.0.0000.5440 and approved in ethics committee from Ribeirão Preto Medical School Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo—Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (appreciation number 3.948.426 gave the approval).
Mortality and its association with CD4 cell count and hemoglobin level among children on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wubneh Chalachew Adugna , Belay Getaneh Mulualem 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundEven though there are advancements in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment approach, HIV continues to be a global challenge. Pediatrics HIV is one of the challenges in the reduction of child mortality particularly in less developed countries like Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the pooled proportion of child mortality and the effect of hemoglobin level and CD4 cell count among children on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia.MethodAll published were articles searched using PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science database. Besides, Ethiopian institutional research repositories and reference lists of included studies were used.We limited the searching to studies conducted in Ethiopia and written in the English language. Studies that were done in a cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control study design were considered for the review. The weighted inverse variance random effects model was applied, and the overall variations between studies were checked by using heterogeneity test Higgins’s (I2). Subgroup analysis by region and year of publication was conducted.All of the included articles were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal criteria. In addition, publication bias was also checked with Egger’s regression test and the funnel plot. Based on the results, trim and fill analysis was performed to manage the publication bias.ResultA total of 16 studies with 7047 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled proportion of mortality among children on antiretroviral therapy (ART) was found to be 11.78% (95% CI 9.34, 14.23). In subgroup analysis, the highest child mortality was observed in the Amhara region 16.76 % (95% CI 9.63, 23.90) and the lowest is in the Tigray region 4.81% (95% CI 2.75, 6.87). Besides, the proportion of mortality among children with low CD4 count and hemoglobin level was 2.42 (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.65, 3.56) and 3.24 (AOR = 3.24, 95% CI 1.51, 6.93) times higher compared to their counterparts, respectively.ConclusionThe proportion of mortality among children on ART was high in Ethiopia. Those children who had low CD4 cell count and low hemoglobin levels at baseline need special attention, treatment, and care.Trial registrationThe protocol of this systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered in PROSPERO with the registration numberCRD42018113077.
Culture-dependent analysis of seed bacterial endophyte, Pseudomonas spp. EGN 1 against the stem rot disease (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) in groundnut
Authors: Archana T. , Rajendran L. , Manoranjitham S. K. , Santhana Krishnan V. P. , Paramasivan M. , Karthikeyan G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Groundnut, Arachis hypogaea L., crop is an important oil seed crop in India and is prone to attack by numerous fungal and viral diseases, among the soil-borne diseases, stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is economically important.

Main body of abstract
Incidence (86.6%) of the stem rot disease was recorded in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India, during the roving survey. For its management, an attempt was made to isolate bacterial endophyte from peanut seeds of different groundnut cultivars by culture-dependent analysis. Totally, 16 bacterial endophytes (endophytes groundnut (EGN) 1 to EGN 16 along with standards TNAU-Pf1 and EPC 5) were obtained and characterized through morphological, biochemical and molecular studies and also phytostimulation activities were performed. Among the isolates, EGN 1 and EGN 4 showed positive results for indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, phosphate solubilization and protease tests in vitro. The dual culture analysis showed inhibition rates of 60.1% (dual plate assay), 68.23% (filter paper disc assay) and 100% (triangle method of streaking and culture filtrate assay) for EGN 1 against S. rolfsii. Further, the crude metabolite assay showed 97.7% inhibition in EGN 1, followed by 87.7% in EGN 4. The roll towel study showed a high vigour index of 4286.7 in EGN 1; hence, this isolate was chosen. Further, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis showed various bands at 0.72 Rf, whereas GC-MS analysis indicated the prominent peaks of hexadecanoic acid and cis-vaccenic acid that may responsible for antifungal activity. In a molecular approach, the genomic DNA of EGN 1 strain was used to amplify a 1200 bp PCR-fragment and sequenced.

Short conclusion
The overall outcome of this study showed that Pseudomonas spp. EGN 1 had a great potential as a bio-stimulant and biocontrol agent to manage effectively the stem rot in peanut.
Neurosurgery in paediatric strokes
Authors: Ganapathy S. , Pandey P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPaediatric strokes are a different entity owing to the difference in pathological entity causing the stroke as well as difficulty in treatment and management due to the presence of a growing brain and small vascular volume making surgery and endovascular intervention dangerous. Yet, the high neuronal plasticity coupled with unique surgical and endovascular procedures makes surgery in these conditions rewarding with improving morbidity and mortality statistics. The field is young and dynamic leading to constant change and updating. We attempt to review the current recommendations with our own experience in paediatric neurosurgery for paediatric strokes and present an overview of common conditions causing paediatric strokes. A brief review of the literature is also supplied for reference.
Trans-septal course of anomalous left main coronary artery originating from single right coronary ostium presenting with atrial fibrillation in a severely obese patient: a case report
Authors: Cavallo Armando Ugo , Muscogiuri Emanuele , Forcina Marco , Colombo Antonio , Fiore Flavio , Sperandio Massimiliano 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
To present a case of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery evaluated with invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and ECG-gated coronary computed tomography (CCT).

Case presentation
A patient (55 years old, male) with a past medical history of respiratory failure and atrial fibrillation underwent ICA to rule out coronary artery disease. Subsequently, the patient underwent ECG-gated CCT to evaluate a suspected anomalous aortic origin of the left coronary artery, since the interventional cardiologist was not able to properly identify the left coronary artery and its distal branches. CCT showed left coronary artery originating from the right coronary Valsalva sinus, coursing within the interventricular septum and emerging at the middle segment of the interventricular sulcus, where the left anterior descending and circumflex arteries originated.

Conclusion
The case we presented highlights the value of ECG-gated CCT in the evaluation of coronary anomaly anatomy and thus risk stratification derived by proper coronary anatomy assessment. Although ICA was not helpful in the diagnosis, it also has a pivotal role regarding the therapeutic management of this condition.