bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
South Korean perceptions of “native” speaker of English in social and news media via big data analytics
Authors: Ahn Hyejeong , Choi Naya , Kiaer Jieun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the South Korean perception of “native” speaker of English (NSE), namelywon-eo-minandne-i-ti-beuin Korean, with an examination of the use of such terms in the news and social media. To do this, the study examined news topics covered in the South Korean news media including newspapers and television news channels that mention or discuss these terms.Secondly, words used along with these two terms in social media forums such as Twitter or weblogs were examined. In order to realise this, two major data mining programs called the BIGKinds program (Korea Press Foundation,Big Kinds: News Big Data & Analysis,https://www.kinds.or.kr/; accessed 14 May 2018) and the Social Metrics program (Daumsoft, Social metricsTM,http://academy.some.co.kr/login.html; accessed 1 May 2018) were employed. This study shows that the concept of the “native” speaker in the forms ofwon-eo-minandne-i-ti-beuis deeply manifested in the minds of South Koreans, especially when talking about the pronunciation of “native” speakers as the model of “correct” pronunciation of English. Such perceptions need to be critically revisited in an era where English is the most common medium of communication in the global community.
The Will to Synthesis: Nietzsche, Carnap and the Continental-Analytic Gap
Authors: Moreira Felipe G. A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis essay presupposes that Friedrich Nietzsche and Rudolf Carnap champion contrasting reactions to the fact that, throughout history, persons have been engaged in metaphysical disputes. Nietzsche embraces a libertarian reaction that is in agreement with his anti-democratic aristocratic political views, whereas Carnap endorses an egalitarian reaction aligned with his democratic and socialist political views. After characterizing these reactions, the essay argues for two claims. The first claim is that the stated contrasting reactions are to be considered, not only by the few scholars who are interested both in Nietzsche’s and Carnap’s writings, but by a far larger group that includes those who have addressed the continental-analytic gap; those who are concerned with the development of contemporary philosophy; and/or those who are interested in the writings of Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, David Lewis and/or Peter van Inwagen. The second claim is that we have to entertain a synthesis of Nietzsche’s libertarian and Carnap’s egalitarian reaction in order to overcome the continental-analytic gap.
The Impacts of Neoliberal Tourism Development in the Arab World with Specific Reference to Morocco and Jordan
Authors: Scherle Nicolai , Pillmayer Markus , Braun Gershon 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Morocco and Jordan are among those destinations in the Arab world where the complex structures and processes of a neoliberal tourism policy can be examined quasi archetypically: to the extent that the policy largely considers the market as being the ultimate determinant for the exchange of tangible and intangible goods. Based on two case studies – the so-called Master Plan of Marrakesh (Morocco) and the Aqaba Special Economic Zone (Jordan) – this paper examines the conflicted effects of neoliberal penetration into tourism policy on these two destinations as well as on key stakeholders. Given the unilateral instrumentalization of individual freedom in terms of productivity, growth, and progress; it is evident that a neoliberal tourism policy does not justly serve those directly involved or the local communities, but instead, furthers the interests of Western industrialized nations.
Hydroflux syntheses and crystal structures of hydrogarnets Ba3[RE(OH)6]2 (RE = Sc, Y, Ho–Lu)
Authors: Albrecht Ralf , Graßme Florian , Doert Thomas , Ruck Michael 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Colorless crystals of the barium rare earth hydrogarnets Ba3[RE(OH)6]2 (RE = Sc, Y, Ho–Lu) were synthesized under hydroflux conditions with KOH at about T = 200 °C starting from the respective RE
2O3 and Ba (NO3)2. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis on these distorted rhombic dodecahedra revealed the cubic space group Ia

3
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d (no. 230). The crystal structures of the hydrogarnets Ba3[RE(OH)6]2 are discussed and compared with those of other hydrogarnets. The occurrence of additional reflections, which do not fulfill the reflection conditions of Ia

3
‾

$&#x203e;{3}$

d, is analyzed and described by Renninger or λ/2 effects. A correlation is established between the space group adopted by a hydrogarnet and characteristic interatomic distances. In addition, single-crystal structure data of the strontium indium hydrogarnet Sr3[In(OH)6]2 are provided.
ElLibro de las cuatro virtudesen laCopilaçión de algunos dichos de Séneca: dos traducciones para dos modelos
Authors: Ranero Riestra Laura 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTheCopilaçión de algunos dichos de Sénecacontains, among its translated fragments of theTabulatio et expositio Seneca, parts corresponding to theLibro de las cuatro virtudes. This paper compares both translations with their respective Latin models to determine whether it is a reuse by Alfonso de Cartagena, or, on the contrary, we are facing two different works.
Serial Systemic Injections of Endotoxin (LPS) Elicit Neuroprotective Spinal Cord Microglia through IL-1-Dependent Cross Talk with Endothelial Cells
Authors: Freria Camila M. , Brennan Faith H. , Sweet David R. , Guan Zhen , Hall Jodie C. , Kigerl Kristina A. , Nemeth Daniel P. , Liu Xiaoyu , Lacroix Steve , Quan Ning , Popovich Phillip G. 
Published: October 2020

Microglia are dynamic immunosurveillance cells in the CNS. Whether microglia are protective or pathologic is context dependent; the outcome varies as a function of time relative to the stimulus, activation state of neighboring cells in the microenvironment or within progression of a particular disease. Although brain microglia can be “primed” using bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/endotoxin, it is unknown whether LPS delivered systemically can also induce neuroprotective microglia in the spinal cord. Here, we show that serial systemic injections of LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p., daily) for 4 consecutive days (LPSx4) consistently elicit a reactive spinal cord microglia response marked by dramatic morphologic changes, increased production of IL-1, and enhanced proliferation without triggering leukocyte recruitment or overt neuropathology. Following LPSx4, reactive microglia frequently contact spinal cord endothelial cells. Targeted ablation or selective expression of IL-1 and IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) in either microglia or endothelia reveal that IL-1-dependent signaling between these cells mediates microglia activation. Using a mouse model of ischemic spinal cord injury in male and female mice, we show that preoperative LPSx4 provides complete protection from ischemia-induced neuron loss and hindlimb paralysis. Neuroprotection is partly reversed by either pharmacological elimination of microglia or selective removal of IL-1R in microglia or endothelia. These data indicate that spinal cord microglia are amenable to therapeutic reprogramming via systemic manipulation and that this potential can be harnessed to protect the spinal cord from injury.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTData in this report indicate that a neuroprotective spinal cord microglia response can be triggered by daily systemic injections of LPS over a period of 4 d (LPSx4). The LPSx4 regimen induces morphologic transformation and enhances proliferation of spinal cord microglia without causing neuropathology. Using advanced transgenic mouse technology, we show that IL-1-dependent microglia–endothelia cross talk is necessary for eliciting this spinal cord microglia phenotype and also for conferring optimal protection to spinal motor neurons from ischemic spinal cord injury (ISCI). Collectively, these novel data show that it is possible to consistently elicit spinal cord microglia via systemic delivery of inflammogens to achieve a therapeutically effective neuroprotective response against ISCI.
Sex-Specific Vasopressin Signaling Buffers Stress-Dependent Synaptic Changes in Female Mice
Authors: Loewen Spencer P. , Baimoukhametova Dinara V. , Bains Jaideep S. 
Published: October 2020

In many species, social networks provide benefit for both the individual and the collective. In addition to transmitting information to others, social networks provide an emotional buffer for distressed individuals. Our understanding about the cellular mechanisms that contribute to buffering is poor. Stress has consequences for the entire organism, including a robust change in synaptic plasticity at glutamate synapses onto corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). In females, however, this stress-induced metaplasticity is buffered by the presence of a naive partner. This buffering may be because of discrete behavioral interactions, signals in the context in which the interaction occurs (i.e., olfactory cues), or it may be influenced by local signaling events in the PVN. Here, we show that local vasopressin (VP) signaling in PVN buffers the short-term potentiation (STP) at glutamate synapses after stress. This social buffering of metaplasticity, which requires the presence of another individual, was prevented by pharmacological inhibition of the VP 1a receptor (V1aR) in female mice. Exogenous VP mimicked the effects of social buffering and reduced STP in CRHPVNneurons from females but not males. These findings implicate VP as a potential mediator of social buffering in female mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn many organisms, including rodents and humans, social groups are beneficial to overall health and well-being. Moreover, it is through these social interactions that the harmful effects of stress can be mitigated, a phenomenon known as social buffering. In the present study, we describe a critical role for the neuropeptide vasopressin (VP) in social buffering of synaptic metaplasticity in stress-responsive corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in female mice. These effects of VP do not extend to social buffering of stress behaviors, suggesting this is a very precise and local form of sex-specific neuropeptide signaling.
The Neurokinin-1 Receptor is Expressed with Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor in Spinal Interneurons and Modulates Itch
Authors: Sheahan Tayler D. , Warwick Charles A. , Fanien Louis G. , Ross Sarah E. 
Published: October 2020

The neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R; encoded byTacr1) is expressed in spinal dorsal horn neurons and has been suggested to mediate itch in rodents. However, previous studies relied heavily on neurotoxic ablation of NK1R spinal neurons, which limited further dissection of their function in spinal itch circuitry. To address this limitation, we leveraged a newly developedTacr1CreERmouse line to characterize the role of NK1R spinal neurons in itch. We show that pharmacological activation of spinal NK1R and chemogenetic activation ofTacr1CreERspinal neurons increases itch behavior in male and female mice, whereas pharmacological inhibition of spinal NK1R suppresses itch behavior. We use fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH) to characterize the endogenous expression ofTacr1throughout the superficial and deeper dorsal horn (DDH), as well as the lateral spinal nucleus (LSN), of mouse and human spinal cord. Retrograde labeling studies in mice from the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) show that less than 20% of superficialTacr1CreERdorsal horn neurons are spinal projection neurons, and thus the majority ofTacr1CreERare local interneurons. We then use a combination ofin situhybridization andex vivotwo-photon Ca2+imaging of the mouse spinal cord to establish that NK1R and the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) are coexpressed within a subpopulation of excitatory superficial dorsal horn (SDH) neurons. These findings are the first to suggest a role for NK1R interneurons in itch and extend our understanding of the complexities of spinal itch circuitry.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe spinal cord is a critical hub for processing somatosensory input, yet which spinal neurons process itch input and how itch signals are encoded within the spinal cord is not fully understood. We demonstrate neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) spinal neurons mediate itch behavior in mice and that the majority of NK1R spinal neurons are local interneurons. These NK1R neurons comprise a subset of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) interneurons and are thus positioned at the center of spinal itch transmission. We show NK1R mRNA expression in human spinal cord, underscoring the translational relevance of our findings in mice. This work is the first to suggest a role for NK1R interneurons in itch and extends our understanding of the complexities of spinal itch circuitry.
Risikokultur in Banken – eine systematische Literaturanalyse
Authors: Wiedemann Arnd , Bouten Christiane , Hertrampf Patrick 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Finanzkrise von 2007 und 2008 hat die Bedeutung einer nachhaltigen Risikosteuerung von Banken eindrucksvoll vor Augen geführt. Eine zu starke Fokussierung auf den Ertrag macht Geschäftsmodelle risikoanfällig. Daher wurde im Jahr 2009 erstmals auf internationaler Ebene über die Ausgestaltung einer geeigneten Risikokultur in Banken diskutiert. In der Folge griff die Bankenaufsicht die Überlegungen auf und integrierte sie in das aufsichtsrechtliche Überwachungssystem. Unsere Arbeit analysiert im Rahmen einer systematischen Literaturanalyse die bisherigen Forschungsergebnisse zur Risikokultur. Wir können feststellen, dass die Risikokultur eine wichtige Komponente ist, um Risikobereitschaft und Risikomanagement in Einklang zu bringen. Zudem gibt unsere Analyse Einsichten, wie eine Risikokultur ausgestaltet sein muss, um wirksam und effektiv in einer Bank eingebunden zu werden.
Klasifikasi Ilmu Menurut Ibn Sina
Authors: Khasanah Nur , Hamzani Achmad Irwan , Aravik Havis 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis thesis addresses the classification of knowledge by Ibn Sina. The goal of this thesis was to decide the classification of knowledge according to Ibn Sina and to what degree the position and effect of Ibn Sina's thinking on the growth of science in Islam. This research is a qualitative literature-based study (library research). The method used is analytical, qualitative, with the goal of presenting a definition or explaining the present reality or what is happening or the current reality of the object under study. The results of this study show that the classification of knowledge according to Ibn Sina divides knowledge into two, namely theoretical knowledge (hikmah nadzariah) which seeks to purify the soul through ma'rifat. What this information requires is the discussion of the questions of metaphysics (divinity), mathematics (riyadhiyah) and physics (thabi'iyah). Second, the functional sciences ('Amaliah'). Included in the area of practical science, such as ethics (Khuluqiyah), regulating family relationships in the household, economics (Tadbir al-Manzil), regulating the association of people within the state (Tadbir al-Madinah) and prophethood (syari'ah).Keywords; Ibn Sina, Classification of Science, theoretical science, practical science. AbstrakStudi ini membahas tentang klasifikasi ilmu menurut Ibn Sina. Dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui klasifikasi ilmu menurut Ibn Sina dan sejauh mana peran dan pengaruh pemikiran Ibn Sina terhadap perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dalam Islam. Studi merupakan studi kualitatif berbasis kepustakaan (library research). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran atau mendeskripsikan kenyataan yang ada atau apa yang terjadi atau kenyataan sebenarnya pada obyek yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa klasifikasi ilmu menurut Ibn Sina ilmu terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu ilmu teoritis (hikmah nadzariyah) bertujuan untuk membersihkan jiwa melalui ma’rifat. Yang termasuk ilmu ini adalah membahas masalah-masalah metafisika (ketuhanan), matematika (riyadhiyah), dan fisika (thabi’iyah). Kedua, ilmu-ilmu praktis (‘Amaliyah). Termasuk dalam bidang ilmu-ilmu praktis seperti etika (Khuluqiyah), mengatur pergaulan keluarga dalam rumah tangga, ekonomi (Tadbir al-Manzil), mengatur pergaulan umat dalam negara (Tadbir al-Madinah) dan kenabian (syari’ah).Kata Kunci; Ibn Sina, Klasifikasi Ilmu, Ilmu teoritis, ilmu praktis.
Development of a highly sensitive HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of eight biogenic amines in aquatic products
Authors: Fu Qinyi , Zheng Hongwei , Han Xiangning , Cao Limin , Sui Jianxin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA highly sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight biogenic amines in aquatic products. The biogenic amines in the sample were extracted with 5% trichloroacetic acid, derived with dansyl chloride (Dns-Cl) and quantified by a UV detector. The results showed that tryptamine (TRY), 2-phenethylamine (PHE), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIS), tyramine (TPY), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM) were effectively separated in 18 min in the range of 0.1–50 mg/kg with a good linear coefficient (r2 > 0.999). The detection limits (LODs) of the eight biogenic amines were 0.007–0.021 mg/kg while the limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.024–0.069 mg/kg with the recoveries basically between 68 and 123%. The determination of eight biogenic amines in five commercial fermented aquatic products indicating that the developed method could be applied for the simultaneous detection of biogenic amines in multiple aquatic products.
Bat portraits in times of pandemic
Authors: Cros Michele 
Published: October 2020

In this Photo Essay, photographs are combined with drawings collected in Burkina Faso in the years following the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak. Portraits of bats are shown. The blacklisting of these animals following the recommendations of health authorities collides with local realities, where it is not possible to talk about bats in a ‘general’ sense. The same is true today in the period of COVID-19, when chiropterans are once again in the etiological hot seat: bats are behind the pandemic, according to Ridley's shock phrase (2020). In Burkina Faso's Lobi country, between the red and black fruit-eaters (which have always been eaten) and the small insectivores (which have never been eaten as such, but are very useful to animist healers), there is a chasm of representation that is unveiled by these images.
Oxidative imbalance in autoimmune liver disease: evaluation of oxidant-antioxidant status and ischemia-modified albumin
Authors: KARAKOYUN Inanc , ULAŞOĞLU Celal , ARSLAN Fatma Demet , ONUR Selin , İYİLİKCİ Veli , BASOK Banu Isbilen , ÇOLAK Ayfer 
Published: October 2020

Objective: Current study evaluated the utility of total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total oxidant status (TOS), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and ischemia-modified albumin ratio (IMAR) as markers in autoimmune liver disease (AILD).
Material and Methods: The study included a total of 66 AILD patients, 22 with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), 32 with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and 12 with AIH/PBC overlap syndrome, and 49 healthy controls. Serum TAS, TOS, IMA, albumin (Alb), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBil), direct bilirubin (DBil), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) were analyzed. OSI was calculated as TOS/TAS and IMAR was derived from IMA and Alb.
Results: Serum TAS, OSI, TOS, IMA, and IMAR values were found to be significantly higher in the AILD group compared to controls (p=0.004,
¿Qué conocimiento profesional del profesor de biología construye un profesor en formación inicial, cuando enseña la biodiversidad?
Authors: Fonseca Amaya Guillermo , Martínez Rivera Carmen Alicia 
Published: October 2020

Se considera el Conocimiento Profesional del Profesor de Biología, (CPPB) como producto de la integración/transformación entre el conocimiento experiencial (conocimiento derivado de la historia de vida, de la reflexión sobre la experiecia y el contexto) y el conocimiento académico (conocimiento didáctico y conocimiento biológico). En el marco del CPPB, se presentan los resultados de un proceso de I-A realizado en el marco de la tesis doctoral en donde se caracterizan el conocimiento que construye un profesor en formación en el área de biología en relación con la enseñanza de la biodiversidad, del cual se derivan cuatro conocimientos profesionales en relación con este concepto estructurante de la biología: La enseñanza de la biodiversidad y el cuidado de sí y del otro y la posibilidad de salir adelante; La enseñanza de la biodiversidad y el mantenimiento de la vida desde una perspectiva crítica; La enseñanza de la biodiversidad y el mantenimiento de la vida desde la comprensión de las interacciones ecosistémicas; y La enseñanza de la biodiversidad y la estructuración de una forma de conocer. Comprender la construcción y producción de estos conocimientos, ubica al maestro como un sujeto de saber quien aporta al campo de la didáctica de las ciencias en la línea de investigación Conocimiento Profesional del profesor.
SALINE SOILS IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE YERGENES
Authors: Novikova A. , Konyushkova M. 
Published: October 2020

On the basis of field research by the authors, carried out in 2005- In 2009, the chemical properties of solonetz soils were characterized the complexes of the eastern part of Yergeny within the Republic of Kalmykia. In Yergeny, the share of saline soils in the upper part of the Yergeny River is 50-75%; the share of saline soils in the upper part of the Yergeny River is 10-25%, in some places up to 25-50 and 50-75% from the complex square. The solonetzes of the studied area include to the superficially saline soils are strongly saline from 20 (fine saline) or 50 cm (deep saline). In light chestnut soils salinization appears deeper than 1 m, less often from 50 sm. Salt composition of solonetzes refers to chloride and chloride-sulfate soils; light chestnut soils belong to sulfate varieties.
Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy with venous resection: results of a systematic review
Authors: Addeo Pietro 
Published: October 2020

Aim : Growing experience with minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) has led surgeons to expand the indications for this approach. We systematically reviewed the literature on minimally invasive PD with venous resection.
Methods : The EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane central databases were systematically searched for articles from January 2010 to January 2020 describing cases of PD with venous resection. The search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The primary outcomes were feasibility and conversion rate. Secondary outcomes were morbidity, mortality, blood loss and 1-year survival.
Results : The literature search found 9 studies reporting 140 patients undergoing PD with venous resection. Sixty-six PDs were performed robotically (47.1%). The conversion rate ranged from 0% to 55%, blood loss ranged from 200 to 842 mL, and operative time ranged from 397 to 518 min. There were 82 lateral (58.5%) and 18 segmental (12.8%) PDs with venous resection. One patient had an associated arterial resection (0.7%). A graft was used for venous reconstruction in 28 patients (20%). Eight deaths (5.7%) were reported postoperatively.
Conclusion : Minimally invasive pancreatectomies with synchronous lateral venous resections are increasingly reported by highly experienced surgeons in high-volume institutions. Further experience is needed to validate this approach and prove its advantages over open surgery.