bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Really Works in Intervention? Using Fidelity Measures to Support Optimal Outcomes
Authors: An Mihee , Dusing Stacey C , Harbourne Regina T , Sheridan Susan M ,   START-Play Consortium
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A critical factor to move the field of physical therapy forward is the measurement of fidelity during comparisons of interventions. Fidelity translates as “faithfulness”; thus, fidelity of intervention means faithful and correct implementation of the key components of a defined intervention. Fidelity measurement guards against deviations from, or drift in, the delivery of a targeted intervention, a process necessary for evaluating the efficacy of rehabilitation approaches. Importantly, attention to fidelity measurement differentiates rehabilitation approaches from each other. However, earlier research comparing physical therapist interventions often reported findings without careful attention to fidelity measurement. The purpose of this paper is 2-fold: (1) to support the development of intervention-specific fidelity measures in physical therapy research as the gold standard for translating research findings to clinical practice, and (2) to describe the process of creating a multi-dimensional fidelity measurement instrument in rehabilitation intervention. Improved attention to fidelity measurement will allow the rehabilitation field to communicate interventions clearly with a direct link to outcomes and target the implementation of our improved intervention for the right patient problem with the right dose and the right ingredients at the right time.
A gift for gratitude and cooperative behavior: brain and cognitive effects
Authors: Balconi Michela , Fronda Giulia , Vanutelli Maria Elide 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecently, different psychological studies have been interested in identifying the factors that regulate the development and maintenance of long-lasting interpersonal and social relationships. Specifically, the present research explored the link between gift exchange, gratitude and cognitive effects. The behavioral performance and neural activity of 32 participants were recorded during a cooperative game to be played before and after gift exchange. Specifically, participants had to perform the task coupled with a dear friend. Half of the couples were asked to exchange a gift before the task performance; the other half was asked to exchange a gift halfway through the task performance. For hemodynamic brain responses, functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used. Results showed that an increase in cognitive performance occurred after the exchange of gifts, with improved accuracy and lower response times in task performance. Regarding hemodynamic responses, an increase in oxygenated hemoglobin was detected, especially in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex following the gift exchange. Furthermore, it was observed that gift exchange before the beginning of the task increased the performance level. The present study provides a significant contribution to the identification of those factors that enable the increased cognitive performance based on cooperative relationships.
Getting the Teacher’s Attention: Parent-Teacher Contact and Teachers’ Behavior in the Classroom
Authors: Young Natalie A E 
Published: January 2020

AbstractStudies suggest that both parental involvement and support from teachers matter for students’ academic success. Although cross-national research has revealed numerous ways in which parents shape the schooling process, less clear is whether parental involvement at school can influence teachers’ daily behavior toward students in class. In this study, I draw on data from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS)—a nationally representative survey of Chinese middle-school students with unusually detailed information on parental involvement and teachers’ daily behaviors—to test a conceptual model that proposes a link between parent-teacher contact in China and attention students receive from teachers during daily lessons. In support of the conceptual model, I find that students whose parents cultivate relationships with teachers through frequent contact are more likely to be cold-called on and praised by teachers in class, even after controlling for family background, student academic performance, and student behavior. Moreover, I observe social class differences in parent-teacher contact, as well as some evidence that parent-teacher contact is linked to improved student performance through its impact on teachers’ attention. Overall, the findings point to a potential new pathway through which social class influences schooling by way of school-based parental involvement and in a broader set of contexts than previously imagined. I conclude with a discussion of implications for social reproduction theory, as well as challenges this situation presents for combatting educational inequality.
Effect of a mobile just-in-time implementation intention intervention on momentary smoking lapses in smoking cessation attempts among Asian American young adults
Authors: Huh Jimi , Cerrada Christian J , Dzubur Eldin , Dunton Genevieve F , Spruijt-Metz Donna , Leventhal Adam M 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIdentifying vulnerable windows for a given problematic behavior and providing timely and appropriate support are critical for building an effective just-in-time (JIT) intervention for behavioral change. We developed and evaluated an implementation intention (II) based, JIT cessation intervention prototype to support Asian American young adult smokers to prevent lapses in their cessation attempts in real-time. We examined how a JIT II reminder may prevent lapses during self-identified high-risk smoking situation (HRSS) as a microtemporal process. We also tested whether the effect of JIT reminder changes over the course of study and differed between those who used their own versus project loan phones. Asian American young adult smokers (N = 57) who were interested in quitting or reducing smoking participated in a 4 week, mobile-based, cessation study (MyQuit USC, MQU). MQU is a JIT mobile app that deploys a user-specified II reminder at user-specified HRSS and assesses momentary lapse status. Generalized mixed linear models were conducted to assess the effect of the JIT intervention on lapse prevention. We found a significant interaction effect (p = .03) such that receiving JIT reminder reduced the likelihood of lapses for participants using their own phones but not for the loaners. The results also showed that when participants enacted the suggested II, they were less likely to lapse (p &lt; .001). The JIT effect did not change over time in study (p = .21). This study provides evidence that receiving a reminder of a smoker’s own plan just before a self-identified risky situation on a familiar device and successfully executing specified plans can be helpful in preventing lapses. Our results highlighted factors to consider when designing and refining a JIT intervention.
Identification of Reptarenaviruses, Hartmaniviruses and a Novel Chuvirus in Captive Brazilian Native Boa Constrictors with Boid Inclusion Body Disease
Authors: Argenta Fernando Froner , Hepojoki Jussi , Smura Teemu , Szirovicza Leonora , Hammerschmitt Márcia Elisa , Driemeier David , Kipar Anja , Hetzel Udo 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTBoid Inclusion Body Disease (BIBD) is a transmissible viral disease of captive snakes that causes severe losses in snake collections worldwide. It is caused by reptarenavirus infection, which can persist over several years without overt signs, but is generally associated with the eventual death of the affected snakes. Thus far, reports have confirmed existence of reptarenaviruses in captive snakes in North America, Europe, and Australia, but there is no evidence that it also occurs in wild snakes. BIBD affects both boas and pythons, the habitats of which do not naturally overlap. Herein, we studied Brazilian captive snakes with BIBD using a metatranscriptomic approach, and report the identification of novel reptarenaviruses, hartmaniviruses, and a new species in the familyChuviridae. The reptarenavirus L segments identified represent six novel species, while we only found a single novel reptarenavirus S segment. Until now, hartmaniviruses had been identified only in European captive boas with BIBD, and the present results increase the number of known hartmanivirus species from four to six. The newly identified chuvirus showed 38.4%, 40.9%, and 48.1% amino acid identity to the nucleoprotein, glycoprotein, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of its closest relative, Guangdong red-banded snake chuvirus-like virus. Although we cannot rule out the possibility that the found viruses originated from imported snakes, the results suggest that the viruses would circulate in indigenous snake populations.IMPORTANCEBoid Inclusion Body Disease (BIBD) caused by reptarenavirus infection affects captive snake populations worldwide, but the reservoir hosts of reptarenaviruses remain unknown. Herein, we report the identification of novel reptarenavirus and hartmanivirus species, and a chuvirus in captive Brazilian boas with BIBD. Three of the four snakes studied showed co-infection with all three viruses, and one of the snakes harbored three novel reptarenavirus L and one novel S segment. The samples originated from collections with Brazilian indigenous snakes only, which could indicate that these viruses circulate in wild snakes. The findings could further indicate that boid snakes are the natural reservoir of reptarena- and hartmaniviruses commonly found in captive snakes. The snakes infected with the novel chuvirus all suffered from BIBD; it is therefore not possible to comment on its potential pathogenicity and contribution to the observed changes in the present case material.
Improved Supra-Organization Is A Conformational And Functional Adaptation Of Respiratory Complexes
Authors: Rawat Shivali , Ghosh Suparna , Mondal Debodyuti , Anusha Valpadashi , Raychaudhuri Swasti 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTMultiple surveillance mechanisms accelerate proteasome mediated degradation of misfolded proteins to prevent protein aggregation inside and outside mitochondria. But how cells safeguard mitochondrial function despite increased protein aggregation during proteasome inactivation? Here, using two-dimensional complexome profiling, we extensively characterize the dynamic states of respiratory complexes (RCs) in proteasome-inhibited cells. We report that RC-subunits are increasingly integrated into supra-organizations to optimize catalytic activity simultaneous to their aggregation inside mitochondria. Complex-II (CII) and CV are incorporated into oligomers. CI, CIII, and CIV subcomplexes are associated into holocomplexes followed by integration into supercomplexes. Time-course experiments reveal that the core (CI+CIII2) stoichiometry of supercomplex (I+III2+IV) is preserved during early-stress while CIV composition varies. Simultaneously, increased CI-activity suggests conformational optimization of supercomplexes for better function. Re-establishment of steady-state stoichiometry and relative increase in supercomplex-quantity consolidates functional adaptation during prolonged proteasome-inhibition. Together, we name this pre-emptive adaptive mechanism as ‘improved Supra-organization of Respiratory Complexes’ (iSRC). We find that iSRC is active in multiple protein-unfolding stresses, in multiple cell-types that differ in proteostatic and metabolic demands, and reversible upon stress-withdrawal.
AnArabidopsisAT-hook motif nuclear protein mediates somatic embryogenesis and coinciding genome duplication
Authors: Karami Omid , Rahimi Arezoo , Mak Patrick , Horstman Anneke , Boutilier Kim , Compier Monique , van der Zaal Bert , Offringa Remko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPlant somatic cells can be reprogrammed to totipotent embryonic cells that are able to form differentiated embryos in a process called somatic embryogenesis (SE), by hormone treatment or through overexpression of certain transcription factor genes, such asBABY BOOM(BBM). Here we show that overexpression of theAT-HOOK MOTIF CONTAINING NUCLEAR LOCALIZED 15(AHL15) gene induces formation of somatic embryos onArabidopsis thalianaseedlings in the absence of hormone treatment. During zygotic embryogenesis,AHL15expression starts early in embryo development, andAH15and otherAHLgenes are required for proper embryo patterning and development beyond the heart stage. Moreover,AHL15and several of its homologs are upregulated and required for SE induction upon hormone treatment, and they are required for efficientBBM-induced SE as downstream targets of BBM. A significant number of plants derived fromAHL15overexpression-induced somatic embryos are polyploid. Polyploidisation occurs by endomitosis specifically during the initiation of SE, assumingly due to AHL15-mediated heterochromatin decondensation coinciding with the acquisition of embryonic competency in somatic plant cells.
The immediate early geneArcis not required for hippocampal long-term potentiation
Authors: Kyrke-Smith M. , Volk L.J. , Cooke S.F. , Bear M.F. , Huganir R.L. , Shepherd J.D 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe immediate early geneArcis critical for maintenance of long-term memory. How Arc mediates this process remains unclear, but it has been proposed to sustain Hebbian synaptic potentiation, which is a key component of memory encoding. This form of plasticity is modelled experimentally by induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), which increases Arc mRNA and protein expression. However, mechanistic data implicates Arc in the endocytosis of AMPA-type glutamate receptors and the weakening of synapses. Here, we took a comprehensive approach to determine if Arc is necessary for hippocampal LTP. We find that Arc is not required for LTP maintenance and must regulate memory storage through alternative mechanisms.
Hypercholesterolemia Accelerates Both the Initiation and Progression of Angiotensin II-induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Liu Jing , Sawada Hisashi , Howatt Deborah A. , Moorleghen Jessica J. , Vsevolozhskaya Olga , Daugherty Alan , Lu Hong S. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study determined whether hypercholesterolemia would contribute to both the initiation and progression of angiotensin (Ang)II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in mice.Methods and ResultsTo determine whether hypercholesterolemia accelerates the initiation of AAAs, male low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor -/- mice were either fed one week of Western diet prior to starting AngII infusion or initiated Western diet one week after starting AngII infusion. During the first week of AngII infusion, mice fed normal diet had less luminal expansion of the suprarenal aorta compared to those initiated Western diet after the first week of AngII infusion. The two groups achieved comparable luminal dilation on week 2 through week 6 of AngII infusion as monitored by ultrasound. To determine whether hypercholesterolemia contributed to the progression of established AAAs, male LDL receptor -/- mice were fed Western diet and infused with AngII for 4 weeks. Mice with established AAAs were then stratified into two groups based on luminal diameters measured by ultrasound. While AngII infusion was continued for another 8 weeks in both groups, mice in one group were continuously fed Western diet, but diet in the other group was switched to normal laboratory diet. In the latter group, plasma cholesterol concentrations were reduced rapidly to approximately 500 mg/dl within one week after the diet was switched from Western diet to normal laboratory diet. Luminal expansion progressed constantly in mice continuously fed Western diet, whereas no continuous expansion was detected in mice that were switched to normal laboratory diet.ConclusionsHypercholesterolemia accelerates both the initiation of AAAs and progression of established AAAs in AngII-infused male LDL receptor -/- mice.Clinical RelevanceHypercholesterolemia is modestly associated with AAAs in observational or retrospective clinical studies. It is not feasible to study whether hypercholesterolemia contributes to the initiation of AAAs or progression of established AAAs in human. This study using AngII-induced AAA mouse model provides solid evidence that hypercholesterolemia contributes to both the initiation and progression of AAAs, supporting that statin therapy at any stage of AAA development may be beneficial to hypercholesterolemic patients with AAAs.
Interfering the mating ofChilo suppressalis(Walker): A new role of sex pheromones ((Z)-11-Octadecen-1-ol and (Z)-13-Octadecen-1-ol) fromCnaphalocrocis medinalisGuenée
Authors: Liang Yu-yong , Luo Mei , Fu Xiao-gang , Zheng Li-xia , Wei Hong-yi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe rice stem borer,Chilo suppressalis(Walker), and the rice leaf folder,Cnaphalocrocis medinalisGuenée are two of the most destructive lepidopteran pests in rice. Since these two lepidopteran insects show occurrence laps in rice paddy fields, farmers prefer to set the pheromone-baited traps ofC. suppressalisaccompany with the pheromone traps ofC. medinalisin the rice fields for convenient observation. However, our field observation demonstrated that no male of the rice stem borer was captured in the traps baited with commercialC. suppressalissex pheromone (CCS) combined with commercialC. medinalissex pheromone (CCM). To confirm theC. medinalissex pheromone component(s) to interfere with the attraction of males of the rice stem borers to their conspecific female moths, the single component ofC. medinalissex pheromone combined with CCS in traps were tested in the laboratory and in the rice paddy field. The results revealed the two alcohol components in CM, i.e., (Z)-11-octadecen-1-ol (Z11-18:OH) and (Z)-13-octadecen-1-ol (Z13-18:OH) may cause a significant reduction in the captures by CCS toC. suppressalismales. We recommend against using these sex pheromones together in the field and suggested that Z11-18:OH and Z13-18:OH could be potential inhibitors or antagonists ofC. suppressalissex pheromone to control the rice stem borer in practice.
cGAMP loading enhances the immunogenicity of VLP vaccines
Authors: Chauveau Lise , Bridgeman Anne , Tan Tiong Kit , Beveridge Ryan , Frost Joe , Pedroza-Pacheco Isabela , Partridge Thomas , Borrow Persephone , Drakesmith Hal , Townsend Alain , Rehwinkel Jan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) is an immunostimulatory second messenger produced by cGAS that activates STING. Soluble cGAMP acts as an adjuvant when administered with antigens. cGAMP is also incorporated into enveloped virus particles during budding. We hypothesised that inclusion of the adjuvant cGAMP within viral vaccine vectors would promote adaptive immunity against vector antigens. We immunised mice with virus-like particles (VLPs) containing the HIV-1 Gag protein and VSV-G. Inclusion of cGAMP within these VLPs augmented splenic VLP-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. It also increased VLP- and VSV-G-specific serum antibody titres and enhancedin vitrovirus neutralisation. The superior antibody response was accompanied by increased numbers of T follicular helper cells in draining lymph nodes. Vaccination with cGAMP-loaded VLPs containing haemagglutinin induced high titres of influenza A virus neutralising antibodies and conferred protection following subsequent influenza A virus challenge. Together, these results show that incorporating cGAMP into VLPs enhances their immunogenicity, making cGAMP-VLPs an attractive platform for novel vaccination strategies.Short summarycGAMP is an innate immune signalling molecule that can be transmitted between cells by inclusion in enveloped virions. This study demonstrates enhanced immunogenicity of HIV-derived virus-like particles containing cGAMP. Viral vectors loaded with cGAMP may thus be potent vaccines.
Automatic building of protein atomic models from cryo-EM density maps using residue co-evolution
Authors: Bouvier Guillaume , Bardiaux Benjamin , Pellarin Riccardo , Rapisarda Chiara , Nilges Michael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) has emerged as a powerful method to obtain three-dimensional (3D) structures of macromolecular complexes at atomic or near-atomic resolution. However,de novobuilding of atomic models from near-atomic resolution (3-5 Å) cryo-EM density maps is a challenging task, in particular since poorly resolved side-chain densities hamper sequence assignment by automatic procedures at a lower resolution. Furthermore, segmentation of EM density maps into individual subunits remains a difficult problem when no three-dimensional structures of these subunits exist, or when significant conformational changes occur between the isolated and complexed form of the subunits. To tackle these issues, we have developed a graph-based method to thread most of the C-αtrace of the protein backbone into the EM density map. The EM density is described as a weighted graph such that the resulting minimum spanning tree encompasses the high-density regions of the map. A pruning algorithm cleans the tree and finds the most probable positions of the C-αatoms, using side-chain density when available, as a collection of C-αtrace fragments. By complementing experimental EM maps with contact predictions from sequence co-evolutionary information, we demonstrate that our approach can correctly segment EM maps into individual subunits and assign amino acids sequence to backbone traces to generate full-atom models.
Characterization of the Intestinal Absorption of Morroniside from Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc via a Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model
Authors: Xu Renjie , Zhu Hongdan , Hu Lingmin , Yu Beimeng , Zhan Xiaohua , Yuan Yichu , Zhou Ping 
Published: January 2020

Morroniside is biologically active polyphenols found in Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc (CO) which exhibits a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, such as protecting nerves, preventing diabetic liver damageand renal damage. However, little data is available regarding its mechanism ofintestinal absorption. Here, ahuman intestinal epithelial cell model Caco-2 cell in vitro cultured was applied to study on the absorption and transport of morroniside, the effects of time, donor concentration,pH, temperature and inhibitors,the absorption and transport of morroniside were investigated.The bidirectional permeability of morroniside from the apical (AP) to the basolateral (BL) side and in the revese direction was studied. When administrated was setat three tested concentrations (5, 25 and 100μM), the P app value in AP-to-BL direction was ranged from 1.59 to 2.66×10 -6 cm/s. Inthe reverse direction, BL-to-AP, the value was ranged from 2.67to 4.10 ×10 -6 cm/s.The data indicated that morroniside transport was both pH- and temperature- dependent. The morroniside’s permeability process affected bytreatment with various inhibitors, such as the multidrug resistance protein inhibitors MK571 and benzbromarone, the breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor apigenin.It can be found that the mechanisms of intestinal absorption of morroniside may involve multiple transport pathways like passive diffusion as well as efflux protein-mediated active transportespecially the multidrug resistance protein2 and breast cancer resistance protein.After CO was added, P app AB increased significantly by about 125.26%, it can therefore be assumed that some ingredients in the crude material promote morroniside’s absorption in the small intestine.