bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actual and estimated adenoma detection rates: a 2‐year monocentric colonoscopic screening outcome in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Zeng Li , Chua Eng G. , Xiong Ying , Ding Shihua , Ai Hui , Hou Zhibo , Loke Mun F. , Goh Khean L. , Tay Chin Y. , Marshall Barry J. , Zhu Fuqiang , Sun Dayong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimWhile adenoma detection rate (ADR) is an important quality metric for screening colonoscopy, it remains difficult to be accessed due to the lack of integrated endoscopy and pathology databases. Hence, the use of an adenoma‐to‐polyp detection rate quotient and polyp detection rate (PDR) has been proposed to predict ADR. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of estimated ADR across different colonic segments in two age groups for Shenzhen people in China.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 7329 colonoscopy procedures performed by 12 endoscopists between January 2012 and February 2014. The PDR, actual ADR, and estimated ADR of the entire, proximal, and distal colon, and within each colonic segment, in two patient age groups: <50 and ≥50 years, were calculated for each endoscopist.ResultsThe overall polyp and adenoma prevalence rates were 19.1 and 9.3%, respectively. The average age of adenoma‐positive patients was significantly higher than that of adenoma‐negative patients (54 ± 12.6 years vs 42.9 ± 13.2 years, respectively). A total of 1739 polyps were removed, among which 826 were adenomas. More adenomatous polyps were found in the proximal colon (60.4%, 341/565) than in the distal colon (40.9%, 472/1154). Overall, both actual and estimated ADR correlated strongly at the entire colon level and within most colonic segments, except for the cecum and rectum. In both age groups, these parameters correlated strongly within the traverse colon and descending colon.ConclusionCaution should be exercised when predicting ADR within the sigmoid colon and rectum.
Purification and antioxidant capacity analysis of anthocyanin glucoside cinnamic ester isomers from Solanum nigrum fruits
Authors: Meng XuanLin , Li Yang , Lu Chongchong , Zhao Man , Li Ming , Wang ShaoLi , Zhao ChangBao , Lin Bao , Shang LuYue , Chu Zhaohui , Ding Xinhua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn a recent study, anthocyanins, which have a strong free radical‐scavenging activity, were examined for their potential to effectively prevent cancer. However, clinical trials are limited by the purity of the anthocyanin. Multiple methods are used to extract and purify anthocyanins. Based on previous work on Solanum nigrum, which is a widely distributed plant, in this study, DM130 macroporous resin, Sephadex LH20, and a C18 column were used to separate cis–trans anthocyanin isomers. These anthocyanins constitute the majority of total S. nigrum anthocyanins. The results showed that this “DM130‐LH20‐C18 system” can be used to obtain a cinnamic acid‐derived cis–trans anthocyanin, petunidin‐3‐(p‐coumaroyl)‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside, with a purity of 98.5%, for effective quantitation. In order to determine the antioxidant ability of the petunidin‐3‐(p‐coumaroyl)‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside cis–trans isomers, three ordinary methods were adopted. The maximum antioxidant ability of the cis–trans anthocyanin was dozens of times higher than that of vitamin C.
Preparation of magnetic attapulgite/polypyrrole nanocomposites for magnetic effervescence‐assisted dispersive solid‐phase extraction of pyrethroids from honey samples
Authors: Yang Xiaoling , Mi Yiduo , Liu Fang , Li Jing , Gao Haixiang , Zhang Sanbing , Zhou Wenfeng , Lu Runhua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this work, a novel extraction technique based on the effervescence‐assisted dispersion and magnetic recovery of attapulgite/polypyrrole sorbents was developed for determining the concentrations of five pyrethroids in honey samples. The magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by a one‐pot method. Several experimental parameters that affected the extraction efficiency, including the dispersion conditions, pH, ionic strength, and desorption conditions, were investigated. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curves for the five pyrethroids in honey samples exhibited good linearity, with r2 values ranging from 0.9979 to 0.9990. The limits of detection varied between 0.21 and 0.34 µg/L. Satisfactory recoveries of 81.42–106.73% with intra‐ and interday relative standard deviations of less than 6.94 and 10.89%, respectively, were obtained. Moreover, the sorbents exhibited acceptable batch‐to‐batch repeatability in the range of 5.06–15.01%, and each sorbent could be reused for up to four extraction cycles without a significant loss in the extraction recovery.
Labyrinthine concussion: Historic otopathologic antecedents of a challenging diagnosis
Authors: Bartholomew Ryan A. , Lubner Rory J. , Knoll Renata M. , Ghanad Iman , Jung David , Nadol Joseph B. , Alvarez Victor E. , Remenschneider Aaron , Kozin Elliott D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe term “labyrinthine concussion” has evolved to mean audiovestibular dysfunction in the absence of a temporal bone fracture (TBF). Despite a multitude of case descriptions of labyrinthine concussion, the precise pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Herein, we explore the historical otopathologic underpinnings of the diagnosis of labyrinthine concussion with a focus on the auditory pathway during the late 19th to the mid‐20th centuries and conclude with a discussion of its contemporary relevance.Methods and Data SourcesA review of primary and secondary medical sources written in English, German, and French on otopathology labyrinthine concussion studies from the late‐19th to the mid‐20th centuries.ResultsAround the turn of the 20th century, otopathologists identified histologic changes in the temporal bones of individuals that sustained head injury without TBFs. Based on these otopathologic findings in humans, early experiments investigating the pathophysiology of labyrinthine concussion were performed in animals through either the delivery of blows to the head or direct introduction of a pressure wave into the labyrinthine fluid. Collectively, otopathologists hypothesized that predominant mechanisms for labyrinthine concussion included inner ear hemorrhage, cochleovestibular nerve traction injury, direct damage from a labyrinthine fluid pressure wave, or vasomotor dysfunction.ConclusionHistorical study shows a variety of inner ear pathologies potentially responsible for auditory dysfunction following head injury. Understanding the history and otopathology of labyrinthine concussion may help clinicians focus on new pathways toward novel research and improved patient care.
Efficacy and Safety of Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization in Abdominal Skin Laxity: A Randomized, Comparative Study
Authors: Vachiramon Vasanop , Triyangkulsri Korn , Iamsumang Wimolsiri , Chayavichitsilp Pamela 
Published: March 2020

Background and ObjectivesMicrofocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU‐V) has been approved for the treatment of skin laxity on several areas including the eyebrows, neck, and submental area. This study aims to determine the efficacy of MFU‐V for the treatment of abdominal skin laxity using two different treatment protocols.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThirty female patients with abdominal skin laxity were enrolled. Each side of the abdomen was randomly assigned to receive a single session of single‐plane MFU‐V treatment (4.5 mm) or dual‐plane MFU‐V treatment (4.5 and 3.0 mm). Improvement scores (0–10) were assigned by a blinded physician and patients at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment.ResultsTwenty‐eight female patients completed the study. The physician‐evaluated mean improvement scores in single‐plane treatment were 3.03 (±1.26), 3.43 (±1.35), and 2.18 (±0.86) at 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month follow‐up, respectively. For dual‐plane treatment, the scores were 3.11 (±1.23), 3.39 (±1.34), and 2.02 (±0.79). There was no statistically significant difference between single‐ and dual‐plane treatment at each time point. A similar pattern of improvement was observed in patient‐rated mean improvement scores. Patients who had undergone childbirth had significantly higher physician and patient‐rated mean improvement scores than those who had not in both single‐ and dual‐plane treatments. In addition, a significant reduction of mean waist circumference was observed in patients who had undergone childbirth. The median pain scores were 5.25 for single‐plane treatment and 4.29 for dual‐plane treatment (P = 0.20).ConclusionBoth single‐ and dual‐plane MFU‐V treatments showed comparable efficacies in treating abdominal skin laxity. The effect is more pronounced in patients who had undergone childbirth. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of histidine as an electrolyte additive on the electrochemical performance of Al electrodes in 4.0 M KOH electrolyte
Authors: Wang Zuokai , Hou Changsheng , Wang Guixiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, the influence of histidine as an electrolyte additive on the electrochemical performance of Al electrodes in 4.0 M KOH electrolyte is studied by measuring open‐circuit potential–time curves, potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic oxidation, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The surface morphology of Al electrodes is characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the battery performance is significantly improved by adding histidine. Samples with 50 mM histidine exhibit the highest corrosion resistance and discharging current density among all the specimens, with the corrosion current density (Icorr) being 7.471 mA/cm2 and corrosion inhibition efficiency (η) being 43.33%.
Simultispin: A versatile graphical user interface for the simulation of solid‐state continuous wave EPR spectra
Authors: Molton Florian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSolid‐state continuous wave (cw) electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is particularly suitable for metal complex analysis. Extracting magnetic parameters by simulation is often necessary to describe the electronic structure of the studied molecular compounds that can have various electronic spin states and characterized by different parameters like g‐values, hyperfine coupling or zero field splitting values. Easyspin toolbox on MATLAB is a powerful tool, but for the user, it requires spending time with coding and could discourage nonexperts. Facing this context, we have developed a graphical user interface called Simultispin, dedicated to solid‐state cw‐EPR spectra simulation. Some examples of experimental spectra of metal complexes (mixture of low spin and high spin FeIII complexes, dynamic disorder of a CuII complex, photogeneration of a MnIII complex), highlighting specific solid‐state functions, are described and analyzed based on simulations performed with Simultispin. We hope that its ergonomy and the ease to set up a complete set of parameters to get reliable simulations could help a large EPR community to improve the efficiency of their interpretations.
Examination of a partial dietary self‐monitoring approach for behavioral weight management
Authors: Tate Deborah F. , Quesnel Danika A. , Lutes Lesley , Hatley Karen E. , Nezami Brooke T. , Wojtanowski Alexis C. , Pinto Angela M. , Power Julianne , Diamond Molly , Polzien Kristen , Foster Gary 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIntroductionDietary self‐monitoring in behavioral weight loss programmes traditionally involves keeping track of all foods and beverages to achieve a calorie deficit. While effective, adherence declines over time. WW™ (formerly Weight Watchers), a widely available commercial weight management programme, sought to pilot an approach that permitted participants to consume over 200 foods without monitoring them.MethodsThe current study used a pre‐post evaluation design with anthropometric, psychosocial and physical health assessments at baseline, 3 and 6 months.ResultsParticipants (N = 152) were, on average, 48.4 (±12.3) years old, with body mass index (BMI) of 32.8 (±4.8) m/kg2 and 94% female. Mean weight loss was 6.97 + 5.55 kg or 7.9 ± 6.1% of initial body weight (ps < .0001) at 6 months. One third (32.6%) of the sample lost 10% or more of initial body weight. Significant improvements in hunger, cravings, happiness, sleep, quality of life, aerobic stamina, flexibility and blood pressure were observed. Attendance at group meetings, as well as decreases in hunger, and fast food cravings from baseline to 3 months were associated with achieving 10% weight loss at 6 months (p < .01).ConclusionsUsing an approach that does not require self‐monitoring of all foods and beverages produced significant weight losses and other physical and psychosocial improvements.
An efficient numerical method to analyze low‐velocity impact response of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminates
Authors: Zhang Yiben , Sun Lingyu , Li Lijun , Xiao Haiyan , Wang Yantao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLow velocity impact behavior of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminates are analyzed in this article. Governing equations are derived based on the first‐order shear deformation theory and Hamilton's principle. The impact contact force history between the impactor and laminate is formulated by the Hertzian contact law. A Ritz‐based solution in space domain for various boundary conditions is developed. Solutions of the system equations in time domain are solved by the Newmark's time integration scheme. Impact parameters such as impact force history, indentation history, and contact time are considered. The accuracy of this method is validated by comparing the obtained results with those from the ABAQUS/Explicit software simulation. The effects of impact velocity, plate geometrical parameters, stacking sequence, and temperature on the dynamic response of laminates under clamped boundary condition and support boundary condition were discussed.
Pulmonary venous Doppler patterns and midterm outcomes in fetuses with left‐sided obstructive lesions and restrictive atrial septum
Authors: Schneider Kristin , Hahn Eunice , Statile Christopher , Hirsch Russel , Khoury Philip R. , Cnota James , Divanovic Allison 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare length of stay of the initial neonatal hospitalization and mortality across multiple stages of surgical palliation for infants with left‐sided obstructive lesions and severely restrictive or intact atrial septum (I/RAS).MethodsRetrospective cohort study of patients prenatally diagnosed with left‐sided obstructive lesions and I/RAS, defined by fetal pulmonary venous Dopplers.ResultsWe identified 76 fetal patients with 59 live born intending to pursue intervention. Those with I/RAS had longer durations of mechanical ventilation (P = .031) but no difference in intensive care unit or total length of stay. Survival to discharge from neonatal hospitalization was 41.7% in the I/RAS group and 80.7% in the unrestrictive group (P = .001). There was a higher proportion of deaths between stage 1 and stage 2 in the I/RAS group ‐ 5/9 (55.6%) vs 9/50 (18%) in the unrestrictive group (P = .027). Beyond stage 2 palliation there was trend toward a difference in overall mortality (66.7% in I/RAS vs 35.7% in unrestrictive, P = .05) but no statistically significant difference in transplant‐free survival (33.3% in I/RAS vs 53.5% in unrestrictive, P = .11).ConclusionThe survival disadvantage conferred by prenatally diagnosed severe atrial septal restriction is most pronounced in the neonatal and early infancy period, with no detectable difference in late midterm transplant‐free survival in our cohort.
Ambipolar polymers for transistor applications
Authors: Zhu Xin , Zhang Shi‐Rui , Zhou Ye , Han Su‐Ting 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this mini‐review, we mainly discuss recent progress in polymeric semiconductors for ambipolar organic field‐effect transistors. The relationship between the device performance and the thin film microstructure, the molecular design as well as the processing conditions has been exemplified by several popular polymers such as diketopyrrolopyrrole, isoindigo and pyridal[2,1,3]thiadiazole, which will be reviewed and described. The thin film microstructure, the molecular design as well as the processing conditions have significantly influenced the performances of the devices. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
The Relationship of Shoulder and Elbow Stresses and Upper Limb Contact Order During a Round‐Off Back Handspring
Authors: Linderman Shannon E. , Scarborough Donna Moxley , Oh Luke S. 
Published: March 2020

IntroductionDespite high injury incidence rates in gymnastics, there is a paucity of data characterizing upper extremity injury causation and biomechanical risk factors. This study investigated contact forces across multiple joints in both upper extremities during a round‐off back handspring (ROBHS), a fundamental gymnastics tumbling maneuver.Objective(1) To characterize the three‐dimensional (3‐D) biomechanics of the sequential, asynchronous contact of each upper extremity with the ground during a ROBHS using 3‐D motion capture, and (2) to evaluate potential correlations to upper extremity injury risk.DesignObservational cross‐sectional study.SettingControlled laboratory environment.ParticipantsFourteen competitive female gymnasts aged 10‐21 years (mean age: 16.6 ± 3.1 years) (1) participating on a competitive gymnastics team; (2) capable of successfully completing a ROBHS; and (3) free of reported injury at enrollment.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresVariables evaluated include joint angle, torque, compression force, ground reaction force (GRF), time to peak GRF, and limb loading rates. Variables were analyzed at the wrist, elbow, and shoulder of both limbs at ground contact. The hypothesis that these dependent variables would differ by ROBHS upper extremity contact order was formulated retrospectively after data collection.ResultsThe first contact limb experienced significantly greater extension torque at the elbow (first: 48.89 ± 18.01 Nm, second: 22.49 ± 9.19 Nm; P = .014; CI 95% [14.83, 37.97]) and faster time to peak GRF (P < .001, CI 95% [−1.79, −0.99]). The second limb of contact experienced significantly greater abduction torque at the shoulder (P = .007; CI 95% [−21.58,‐8.08]) and anterior‐posterior GRF at contact (P = .007; CI 95% [−1.06,‐0.26]).ConclusionsThe biomechanical differences between contact limbs during the ROBHS may lead to different injury risk. Recognition of the stresses at the elbow and shoulder for both limbs also provides new insight for rehabilitation clinicians to consider when guiding patients to return to gymnastics activity after injury.
Evaluation of the efficacy of benzothiazole against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)
Authors: Cui Kaidi , He Leiming , Zhang Zhengqun , Zhang Tao , Mu Wei , Liu Feng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the context of the resistance development and health risks of currently used fumigants, it is urgent to seek more effective and ecofriendly compounds for stored‐product pest control. The microbial volatile compound benzothiazole is known to have fungicidal and insecticidal activity; however, its detailed efficacy on storage pests is largely unknown.RESULTSBenzothiazole was identified for its great ovicidal, larvicidal, pupicidal and adulticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum, and exhibited potent repellency against T. castaneum. The benzothiazole concentrations and developmental stage of T. castaneum were the key factors affecting the insecticidal effects. Adults of T. castaneum exposed to benzothiazole for as long as 168 h showed a decrease in progeny production. Based on 7 days of fumigation in the model food system, benzothiazole at 0.12 mg mL−1 provided an efficacy of 96% and completely inhibited the number of offspring. Safety profile assessment showed that benzothiazole did not affect the germination rate of wheat seeds but had a slight negative effect on seedling growth. However, sufficient ventilation and soil nutrients could relieve this adverse impact.CONCLUSIONBenzothiazole is a strong fumigant and repellent against T. castaneum. This study provides a good perspective of novel ways to control T. castaneum. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Clinical features of deaths in the novel coronavirus epidemic in China
Authors: Leung Char 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn response to the recent novel coronavirus outbreak originating in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, observations concerning novel coronavirus mortality are of urgent public health importance. The present work presents the first review of the fatal novel coronavirus cases in China. Clinical data of fatal cases published by the Chinese Government were studied. As of 2 February 2020, the clinical data of 46 fatal cases were identified. The case fatality rate was significantly higher in Hubei province than the rest of China. While 67% of all deceased patients were male, gender was unlikely to be associated with mortality. Diabetes was likely to be associated with mortality. There is, however, not yet sufficient evidence to support the association between hypertension and mortality as similar prevalence of hypertension was also observed in the Hubei population.
Effectiveness of online education for recruitment to an Alzheimer's disease prevention clinical trial
Authors: Saif Nabeel , Berkowitz Cara , Tripathi Susmit , Scheyer Olivia , Caesar Emily , Hristov Hollie , Hackett Katherine , Rahman Aneela , Knowlton Newman , Sadek George , Lee Paige , McInnis Mark , Isaacson Richard S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionLow awareness of Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials is a recruitment barrier. To assess whether online education may affect screening rates for AD prevention clinical trials, we conducted an initial prospective cohort study (n = 10,450) and subsequent randomized study (n = 351) using an online digital tool: AlzU.org.MethodsA total of 10,450 participants were enrolled in an initial cohort study and asked to complete a six‐lesson course on AlzU.org, as well as a baseline and 6‐month follow‐up questionnaire. Participants were stratified into three groups based on lesson completion at 6 months: group 1 (zero to one lesson completed), group 2 (two to four lessons), and group 3 (five or more lessons). For the subsequent randomized‐controlled trial (RCT), 351 new participants were enrolled in a six‐lesson course (n = 180) versus a time‐neutral control (n = 171). Screening and enrollment in the Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic AD (A4) clinical trial were reported via the 6‐month questionnaire and are the primary outcomes.Results
Cohort: 3.9% of group 1, 5% of group 2, and 8.4% of group 3 screened for the A4 trial. Significant differences were found among the groups (P < 0.001). Post hoc analyses showed differences in A4 screening rates between groups 1 and 3 (P < 0.001) and groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.0194). There were no differences in enrollment among the three groups.
RCT: 2.78% of the intervention group screened for A4 compared to 0% of controls (P = 0.0611).DiscussionOnline education via the AlzU.org digital tool may serve as an effective strategy to supplement clinical trial recruitment.