bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelación de áreas susceptibles a deslizamientos de tierra utilizando SIG en bosques semiáridos y evaluación en términos de rehabilitación del bosque
Authors: Buğday Ender , Barış Özel Halil 
Published: August 2020

Introducción: Para aumentar, proteger y mantener los recursos forestales, es importante determinar los factores que afectan las actividades forestales y minimizar su impacto. En este estudio se abordó el factor de deslizamientos de tierra en aplicaciones forestales. El efecto negativo de factores impredecibles de las actividades silvícolas (construcción de carreteras, cosecha, forestación, etc.) puede reducirse calculando y modelando las relaciones de susceptibilidad a deslizamientos de tierra de bosques degradados. Objetivo: Demostrar la aplicabilidad de un mapa de susceptibilidad de deslizamientos de tierra para apoyar a los tomadores de decisiones en la evaluación de bosques semiáridos, en actividades forestales y trabajos de rehabilitación. Materiales y métodos: Se introdujeron seis modelos utilizando los enfoques del sistema de inferencia difusa (FIS) y del proceso de jerarquía analítica modificada (M-AHP). Se utilizó una combinación de elevación, pendiente (grado), distancia a las fallas, litología, aspecto y curvatura del plan en los modelos. Resultados y discusión: Los modelos más exitosos bajo los enfoques FIS y M-AHP fueron el Modelo 3 del FIS y el Modelo 1 del M-AHP, con áreas bajo la curva (AUC) de 80.2 % y 78.1 %, respectivamente. El uso de la silvicultura con precisión mediante la toma de decisiones basadas en la susceptibilidad a los deslizamientos de tierra, en la etapa de gestión y planificación (por ejemplo, construcción de instalaciones de infraestructura forestal, forestación y aprovechamiento y rehabilitación de bosques), aumentará el éxito de las actividades silvícolas. Conclusión: Es muy importante determinar las áreas de deslizamiento de tierra de manera anticipada y confiable para la ejecución efectiva de prácticas silvícolas en tierras forestales susceptibles, con el fin de aumentar el éxito de las actividades silvícolas de acuerdo con el enfoque de gestión forestal sostenible.
Translanguaging as an ESL Learning strategy: A case study in Kuwait
Authors: Akbar Rahima Sayed Sulaiman , Taqi Hanan Ali 
Published: August 2020

In the domain of teaching bilingual students, the issue of using the first language in a second-language based class has been widely controversial. While some studies have questioned the method of moving between the two languages—Translanguaging, others found it highly beneficial. Here we aimed to investigate the effect of Translanguaging on the learner’s performance and language learning. 34 consenting female students of English participated in oral and written exercises pre-and-post the use of Translanguaging. A short questionnaire was answered afterwards to elicit the participants’ perception on the use of Translanguaging as part of their classwork. Even though students did not believe that their ability to alternate between the two languages has placed them in a significantly enhanced comfort zone, their higher grades post-Translanguaging indicate Translanguaging enhanced their understanding and enabled them to achieve higher levels of knowledge processing. Nevertheless, the participants’ language was not significantly affected by the process. Overall, we can conclude that Translanguaging in a bilingual classroom is effective in fully understanding the topic and the information provided, yet it does not help improve language proficiency.
MAGISTRATES’ COURTS CRIMINAL PRACTICE 2006
Authors: Edwards Susan 
Published: August 2020

David Brewer (Jordan Publishing 2006), Pp 2422 (Hardback and Cd rom), ISBN 1 84661 011 7, Price £140.00 For many years, criminal practitioners have relied on Archbold Criminal Pleading Evidence & Practice (Sweet and Maxwell, pp 3070, price £310 hardback and cd rom) as ‘the’ trusted aide and mentor to criminal practice in all courts. More recently, Blackstone’s Criminal Practice (Blackstone Press, now Oxford University Press, pp 2061, price £185 hardback and cd rom) has emerged as ‘the’ competitor. However, those who practise largely in the magistrate’s courts find Anthony and Berryman’s Magistrates’ Court Guide (LexisNexis Butterworths) essential reading. Anthony and Berryman’s has its obvious limitations of size (750 pages) and therefore detail, it has its benefits too at just under £50.00. Practitioners in the magistrate’s court find themselves using either Blackstone’s or Archbold together with Anthony and Berryman’s.
THE PROHIBITION OF THE MUSLIM HEADSCARF: CONTRASTING INTERNATIONAL APPROACHES IN POLICY AND LAW
Authors: Welch Timothy 
Published: August 2020

Law and state policy towards the Muslim headscarf differs widely from country to country.1 Western states in which the wearing of the headscarf is, or has been, a contentious issue, tend to follow one of two broad theoretical approaches: assimilationalist or culturally pluralist, although rarely in a pure form. Often policy will be made up of one, whilst containing threads of the other. This article will focus on the law and state policy predominantly in six countries where the headscarf issue has arisen, and where different political or legal approaches have been adopted, giving rise to different results or consequences. Often the veil debates in each country will give rise to the same broad issues. For example, integration, religious freedom, secularity and health and safety are all debated in respect of the Muslim headscarf. However, it is often the case that one issue will be more important or prevalent in one particular country than in another. For example in the UK integration has been highlighted in the recent debates, but in the US the concerns rest with the concept of religious freedom, per se. In France and Turkey there has been a need to protect secularism, where the veil has been particularly attacked as a form of pressure by Muslims on others or else regarded as a symbol of the oppression of women. Bans on the headscarf have been attempted in Germany based on employment law and in Canada on health and safety grounds. In other European countries concerns have centred on immigration issues or public security. State policy tends to be driven by various factors including the particular state’s historical makeup, immigration and demography, public opinion and political pressure, as well as the theoretical issues which underlie and inform the debate.
REVISITING TRUSTEES' DECISIONS: IS PITT V HOLT THE FINAL WORD ON THE RULE IN RE HASTINGS-BASS?
Authors: Pearce Robert 
Published: August 2020

Not every decision we make is a good one. The power to make decisions includes the power to make bad choices as well as good ones. Unless there is some other factor, such as the exercise of undue influence, the overbearing of will through duress, or a mistake, good and bad decisions are equally enforceable in law. It might be thought that the same rule applies to decisions made by trustees, even though their decisions generally relate to the interests of the beneficiaries, rather than to their own interests. Of course, if the decision is so bad that it amounts to a breach of trust, and loss is thereby caused to the trust fund, then the breach might expose the trustees to liability to the beneficiaries. It was against this background that what became known as the rule in Re Hastings-Bass achieved prominence. A series of first instance decisions permitted trustees in some instances to backtrack on a decision which had unintended effects or consequences. The rule became subject to criticism, and was reviewed by the Supreme Court in Futter v HMRC on appeal from Pitt v Holt in the Court of Appeal. The decision of the Supreme Court substantially limits the scope of the rule, and identifies three circumstances where the decisions of trustees can be reversed: namely where there has been an operative mistake; excessive execution; or inadequate deliberation. This article explores the three dimensions to the rule in Re Hastings-Bass and identifies a number of difficulties with the decision in Futter v HMRC.
SSH...DON’T TELL THE CHILDREN! NO DUTY TO WARN DESCENDANTS THAT THEY MAY HAVE INHERITED A SERIOUS MEDICAL CONDITION
Authors: Dyer Karen 
Published: August 2020

In this edition of the Denning Law Journal we are celebrating the 800 years of the Magna Carta, but compared to some declarations the Magna Carta is a mere fledgling. Those with knowledge of the medical profession will be well versed in the Hippocratic Oath, which garnered a fundamental role in medical training during the Hellenic period. In more recent years, the Hippocratic Oath has been revitalised in the form of the Declaration of Geneva, and is still used as part of medical training today. Over time the Oath has been modified to adopt a more progressive stance, nevertheless in one key ethical principle remains untouched, that of confidentiality.
COMMUNITY PROPERTY CLAIMS IN THE PERSONHOOD PERSPECTIVE: PART 1
Authors: Pratt Natalie 
Published: August 2020

Under the property and personhood theory the projection by individuals of their personhood into the physical world gives rise to property claims over tangible objects and natural resources. However, the property and personhood theory is generally used as a justification for private property, and it is not clear whether a community personhood can be extended into the physical world, giving rise to communal claims over natural resources, such as land. The property and personhood theory distinguishes between two types of proprietary claim: fungible and personal. Fungible property refers to property that is held purely instrumentally, whereas personal property is property that is bound up with the holder, and should be protected against competing fungible claims. This two-part article argues that community claims to property can be justified by the property and personhood theory, and that the law should recognize these claims, although it fails to do so. The personal claim should establish a community’s entitlement to a natural resource and prevail over the fungible claim of a private landowner. However, current practice does not prioritise the community claim, because the claim is not universally understood. The dominant voice in property narrative is not that of a cohesive and mutual self-interest group, but rather the self-interested individual. Recent legislative amendments have purported to implement the policy of empowering local communities, in particular by increasing community participation in deciding on the use and allocation of resources. However, these policies have proved little more than a Trojan Horse that have perpetuated the favouring of the private property holder over a community claim.
College football and the Vegas line: Deconstruction and arbitrage
Authors: Mirabile McDonald Paul , Witte Mark David 
Published: August 2020

We examine the Vegas line in college football games by employing two separate regression models to deconstruct the Vegas line and actual margin of victory for 4,590 unique contests from the 2005 through 2011 seasons. A comparison of these two models suggests which factors represent a true relationship with the margin of victory and which reflect bettor biases. An additional model of the margin of victory illustrates which factors the Vegas line systematically misrepresents. The authors find a number of factors inadequately priced in the Vegas line that help explain variation in the actual margin of victory. Using a holdout dataset comprised of the 2012 and 2013 seasons we identify the magnitude of any mispricing and opportunities for arbitrage. We exploit this mispricing to develop and evaluate profitable betting strategies. A strategy betting on the top 35% mispriced games yields 55% correct picks and a 2.7% APY. A second strategy in which only the top 8% of mispriced games are bet yields 59% correct picks and a 5.9% APY.
Stock Price Jumps and News Sentiment: A Case of Investor Overreaction
Authors: Apparaju Vinay Kumar , Kumar Ashwani , Yadav Ritu 
Published: August 2020

The research paper develops an understanding on how news based sentiment capture investor behaviour reflected in price jumps in stock markets. It compares the impact on two models of stock price jumps; the non-parametric model proposed by BNS and the wavelet based method. The study is also a perspective on the semi strong form of market efficiencyUsing the high frequency data from the stock and options market along with the actual high frequency news data from Bloomberg, the two alternative methodologies of jumps have been tested. In addition, options trades have been simulated to see whether profits can be earned from the news sentiment captured by jumps.Methodologically, jumps based on wavelets were found to be better related with the news sentiment compared to the BNS method. Also, the news sentiment based jumps were found to present opportunities in the simulated trades that could be exploited for earning profits suggesting that investors overreact.The paper uses an innovative method for computation of the news based sentiment. To the best of our knowledge, the paper is the first to evaluate jumps and news sentiment using the actual news data. A perspective on the semi strong form of market efficiency is presented, that too by departing from the event study based models.
PRICE BIASES IN A PREDICTION MARKET: NFL CONTRACTS ON TRADESPORTS
Authors: Borghesi Richard 
Published: August 2020

We examine deviations between the prices and values of binary options listed on Tradesports.com, an online prediction market. Our analysis shows that NFL sides contracts are overpriced on average, indicating that this market may be characterized by a shortage of sellers. We also find that overpricing is more pronounced immediately after information shocks occur, especially when the news is negative. Additionally, while prior research suggests that differences between asset prices and values should be symmetric around the market-price-midpoint of $50, we find that this divergence is instead larger for low-priced contracts. Finally, we demonstrate that a simple rule designed to exploit the identified biases enables a highly profitable trading strategy.
PREDICTION MARKETS AS A MEDICAL FORECASTING TOOL: DEMAND FOR HOSPITAL SERVICES
Authors: Rajakovich David 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThis paper presents the outcome of a study conducted at the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital in which a prediction market was established in order to forecast demand for services. To the researcher’s knowledge, it does not appear that prediction markets have been previously utilized in a healthcare environment.PurposesThe purpose of this study is to provide evidence for the effective use of prediction markets in a healthcare environment.Methodology and ApproachThe study was conducted over a period of one week, and involved sixty-five participants. Each was asked to provide an estimate for demand for services at the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital. Characteristics gathered for each participant included level of education, occupation, directorate, number of years worked for the hospital, and number of years worked for the National Health Service. FindingsThe study confirms the effectiveness of prediction markets to forecast future events as overall hospital demand was forecasted with an error of only 0.3%. The prediction market was less successful in predicting demand for services for each department, which the researcher attributes to the small sample size and lack of diversity of participants. Additionally, only a very small percentage of the characteristics captured registered a statistically significant correlation with the accuracy of the estimate. Further studies should focus on different characteristics and/or use a larger sample size to either confirm or refute the existence of such characteristics. Practical Implications The findings of this work could potentially be used as an innovative way to augment the forecasting function for a wide range of healthcare facilities. With the preliminary success of this study to forecast demand, further research in the field is warranted.
THE CLEVERNESS OF CROWDS
Authors: Vaughan Williams Leighton 
Published: August 2020

What is it to be wise? An online search for dictionary definitions of the word ‘Wisdom’ reveals the following example: “The ability to use your experience and knowledge in order to make sensible decisions or judgments” (Collins Cobuild English Dictionary, 2003). A second example is the following: “The ability to discern or judge what is true, right, or lasting; insight” (American Heritage Dictionary, 2009). As a final example: “Knowledge of what is true or right coupled with just judgment as to action; sagacity, discernment, or insight” (Dictionary.com, 2009). There are plenty of dictionaries to skim, but I believe these definitions pretty much sum up what people usually mean when they use the word ‘Wisdom’. The definitions highlighted above are not identical, of course. It might, for example, be sensible from the point of view of a jury wanting to go home to make a hasty and ill-considered decision about the defendant’s guilt, but does this make their action wise? In this example, the jury may indeed be acting wisely in their immediate personal interests but can we justifiably describe their behaviour as wise in a greater context?
PREDICTING HORSE RACE WINNERS THROUGH A REGULARIZED CONDITIONAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION WITH FRAILTY
Authors: Silverman Noah , Suchard Marc 
Published: August 2020

Conditional logistic regression has remained a mainstay in predicting horse racing out- comes since the 1980’s. In this paper, we propose and apply novel modifications of the regression model to include parameter regularization and a frailty contribution that exploits winning dividends. Additionally, the entire model was fit using state-of-the art parallelization methods on commodity graphical processing units. (GPU) The model is trained using 4 years of horse racing data from Hong Kong, and then tested on a hold-out year of races. Simulated betting produces a return on investment significantly higher than any other published methods involving Hong Kong races.
Market Efficiency and Profitability of Technical Trading Rules: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Metghalchi Massoud 
Published: August 2020

Market Efficiency and Profitability of Technical Trading Rules: Evidence from Vietnam Abstract We apply several well-known and popular technical indicators to the daily data for the Vietnam Ho Chi Minh stock index (VSI) from 5/15/2002 to October 31 of 2012. The empirical results strongly support the predictive power of technical trading rules; these strong results also hold for each sub-period analyzed. Further, we ask whether a trader can use the predictive power of technical analysis to beat the profitability of the buy-and-hold strategy considering both transaction costs and risk. Designing four strategies of various trading rules, we conclude that it is possible to beat the buy-and-hold strategy even considering transaction costs and risk.
The “Large-Firm” Effect? Bettor Preferences and Market Prices in NCAA Football
Authors: Paul Rodney , Weinbach Andrew P. , Higger Eric 
Published: August 2020

Abstract: NCAA football has a clear classification of “large” (AQ) and “small” (non-AQ) conferences. This setting lends itself to the testing of the “small-firm” effect found in financial markets in the college football betting market. The “small-firm” effect occurs when small cap firms outperform large cap firms; typically attributed to difficulty and costs in finding information on small firms. In college football, AQ-teams win more than implied by efficiency against non-AQ teams. At the same time, AQ teams receive a disproportionate share of bets on these games. The likely rationale behind these findings is the incentives created by the BCS system which leads the point spread to not be a true random variable within this market.
Subvertendo a ordem: resistência operária entre os têxteis na década de 1950
Authors: Araújo Jormana Maria 
Published: August 2020

Este artigo analisa as lutas do operariado têxtil cearense, especialmente da Fábrica Santa Cecília, num período de recrudescimento da disciplina e ritmos de trabalho, durante os anos de 1950. Para isso me amparo na História Social do Trabalho, problematizando a escrita subversiva inscrita no jornal comunista O Democrata, em que defendo que o operariado têxtil buscou construir um projeto alternativo de industrialização no Ceará, que levasse em conta a dignidade do trabalhador, expressa em direitos sociais e do trabalho. Em meio à infrapolítica dos grupos subordinados, a classe trabalhadora enfrentou as pressões do mercado e patrões, de forma quase sempre oculta, e por vezes, de modo público e brutal. Palavras-chave: Artes da Resistência e Sociedade. Indústria Têxtil. Direitos e Lutas Sociais. Trabalhadores - Ceará.
Extracellular vesicles in patients in the acute phase of psychosis and after clinical improvement: an explorative study
Authors: Tunset Mette Elise , Haslene-Hox Hanne , Van Den Bossche Tim , Vaaler Arne Einar , Sulheim Einar , Kondziella Daniel 
Published: August 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived structures that transport proteins, lipids and nucleic acids between cells, thereby affecting the phenotype of the recipient cell. As the content of EVs reflects the status of the originating cell, EVs can have potential as biomarkers. Identifying EVs, including their cells of origin and their cargo, may provide insights in the pathophysiology of psychosis. Here, we present an in-depth analysis and proteomics of EVs from peripheral blood in patients (n = 25) during and after the acute phase of psychosis. Concentration and protein content of EVs in psychotic patients were twofold higher than in 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (p < 0.001 for both concentration and protein content), and the diameter of EVs was larger in patients (p = 0.02). Properties of EVs did not differ significantly in blood sampled during and after the acute psychotic episode. Proteomic analyses on isolated EVs from individual patients revealed 1,853 proteins, whereof 45 were brain-elevated proteins. Of these, five proteins involved in regulation of plasticity of glutamatergic synapses were significantly different in psychotic patients compared to controls; neurogranin (NRGN), neuron-specific calcium-binding protein hippocalcin (HPCA), kalirin (KALRN), beta-adducin (ADD2) and ankyrin-2 (ANK2). To summarize, our results show that peripheral EVs in psychotic patients are different from those in healthy controls and point at alterations on the glutamatergic system. We suggest that EVs allow investigation of blood-borne brain-originating biological material and that their role as biomarkers in patients with psychotic disorders is worthy of further exploration.