bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An iterative approach based on contextual information for matching multi‐scale polygonal object datasets
Authors: Liu Lingjia , Ding Xiaohui , Zhu Xinyan , Fan Liang , Gong Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObject matching facilitates spatial data integration, updating, evaluation, and management. However, data to be matched often originate from different sources and present problems with regard to positional discrepancies and different levels of detail. To resolve these problems, this article designs an iterative matching framework that effectively combines the advantages of the contextual information and an artificial neural network. The proposed method can correctly aggregate one‐to‐many (1:N) and many‐to‐many (M:N) potential matching pairs using contextual information in the presence of positional discrepancies and a high spatial distribution density. This method iteratively detects new landmark pairs (matched pairs), based on the prior landmark pairs as references, until all landmark pairs are obtained. Our approach has been experimentally validated using two topographic datasets at 1:50 and 1:10k. It outperformed a method based on a back‐propagation neural network. The precision increased by 4.5% and the recall increased by 21.6%, respectively.
Passenger lymphocyte thrombocytopenia due to human platelet antigen 3a antibodies: Case report and review of literature
Authors: French Winnifred , Hopkins Matthew , Poles Anthony , Mijovic Aleksandar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report a case of severe acute thrombocytopenia occurring within days after a cadaveric liver transplant, received from a female patient with aplastic anemia who died of intracranial bleeding. The donor, who was homozygous for the ITGA2B*002 (HPA‐3b) gene, had developed human platelet antigen (HPA)‐3a antibodies, whereas the recipient was homozygous for the ITGA2B*001 (HPA‐3a) gene. Thrombocytopenia responded to an infusion of immunoglobulin G. This is the first report of a passenger lymphocyte syndrome manifesting with thrombocytopenia due to anti‐HPA‐3a. We review the literature on thrombocytopenia in the setting of PLS and discuss the differential diagnosis.
Descemet's membrane detachments, ruptures, and separations in ten adult horses: Clinical signs, diagnostics, treatment options, and preliminary results
Authors: Rodriguez Galarza Roxanne M. , McMullen Richard J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging results, and treatment outcomes of a series of presumed spontaneous Descemet's membrane detachments (DMD), ruptures, or separations (DMRS) in the adult horse.Animals studiedTen adult horses of various breeds with DMD or DMRS.ProceduresDescemet's membrane detachments/DMRS were diagnosed via slit lamp biomicroscopy, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), and/or optical coherence tomography (OCT). Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) with heterologous corneal donor tissue (n = 1), superficial lamellar keratectomy, and Gundersen inlay flaps alone (GF, n = 1) or with subsequent intracamerally assisted corneal tissue welding (CTW, n = 2), or CTW alone (n = 5) were performed in 9/10 horses. One horse underwent spontaneous resolution (n = 1).ResultsTen horses were diagnosed with either unilateral DMD (n = 4) or DMRS (n = 6). Seven of ten eyes remained visual during the follow‐up period (8.16 ± 6.57 months). Graft transparency was good for the eye treated with PK. The horse that underwent GF alone was functionally blind due to persistent corneal edema. The clinical signs resolved in 3/5 horses that underwent CTW alone, but 2/5 eyes were enucleated due to corneal perforation. Both eyes treated with combined GF/CTW had significant corneal clearing with one having evidence of reattachment on UBM and OCT.ConclusionsDescemet's membrane detachments separations presents differently than typical DMD and advanced corneal imaging modalities may aid in their diagnosis. Corneal tissue welding using infraCG as the photosensitive agent, or in combination with Gundersen inlay flaps, represents a feasible treatment option for management of equine DMD/DMRS as described in the present case series.
Dogs and pigs are transport hosts of Necator americanus: Molecular evidence for a zoonotic mechanism of human hookworm transmission in Ghana
Authors: Boyko Ryan H. , Marie Harrison Lisa , Humphries Debbie , Galvani Alison P. , Townsend Jeffrey P. , Otchere Joseph , Wilson Michael D. , Cappello Michael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHookworm infection (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma spp) causes significant morbidity in resource‐limited countries. Dog and pig ownership is associated with human infection, although the mechanism through which animals increase risk remains unknown. We first confirmed this association in Kintampo North, Ghana, using a retrospective analysis and serology, followed by a prospective molecular study of animal faeces. As a proxy of exposure to dog faeces, we analysed immunoreactivity of human serum to the zoonotic nematode Toxocara canis. Anti‐Toxocara antibodies were present in 62% of samples (n = 89), and reactivity was associated with dog ownership. A subsequent prospective study revealed that 43% of dog and 56% of pig faecal samples contained hookworm eggs by microscopy. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of N. americanus DNA in 47% of samples from dogs and 56% pig samples. Nematode larvae were successfully cultured from samples collected from 36 dogs and seven pigs. These results demonstrate that dogs and pigs have a likely role in the transmission of N. americanus in endemic communities.
Improvements of the Adiabatic Film Cooling by Using Two-Row Holes of Different Geometries and Arrangements
Authors: Zhang Guohua , Liu Jian , Sundén Bengt , Xie Gongnan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Existing researches on two-row film cooling mainly focused on double-jet film cooling. However, researches on the effects by combining different kinds of hole shapes on film cooling performance are quite limited. In order to improve the film cooling effectiveness, the three-dimensional numerical method is utilized to investigate the effects of a novel structure composed of two-row holes with different shapes and arrangements on the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness with the blowing ratio of M = 1.5. To achieve this purpose, 30 different cases with two-row holes are designed and their film cooling effectiveness are compared with those of other seven cases with a single hole. Cases with two-row holes are designed by setting cylindrical, elliptical, or super-elliptical holes as the first-row, and arranging cylindrical holes with 30 deg, 45 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg compound angles as the second row. The realizable k–ɛ turbulence model with enhanced wall function is utilized for all cases under identical boundary conditions. Similar film cooling performances are observed for cases with elliptical and super-elliptical holes being the first row, since the maximum deviation of film cooling effectiveness is less than 10%. It is found that the case integrates both a cylindrical hole and a cylindrical hole with 90 deg compound angle can greatly improve the film cooling performance with a higher discharge coefficient. However, the staggered case with an elliptical hole as both first- and second row gives the best film cooling effectiveness and the worst discharge coefficient due to the biggest resistance for the coolant flowing into the film hole.
Predicting Flexural Strength of Additively Manufactured Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Using Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Ziyang , Shi Junchuan , Yu Tianyu , Santomauro Aaron , Gordon Ali , Gou Jihua , Wu Dazhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have been used extensively in the aerospace and automotive industries due to their high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios. Compared with conventional manufacturing processes for CFRP, additive manufacturing (AM) can facilitate the fabrication of CFRP components with complex structures. While AM offers significant advantages over conventional processes, establishing the structure–property relationships in additively manufactured CFRP remains a challenge because the mechanical properties of additively manufactured CFRP depend on many design parameters. To address this issue, we introduce a data-driven modeling approach that predicts the flexural strength of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CCFRP) fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM). The predictive model of flexural strength is trained using machine learning and validated on experimental data. The relationship between three structural design factors, including the number of fiber layers, the number of fiber rings as well as polymer infill patterns, and the flexural strength of the CCFRP specimens is quantified.
Integrated Image-Based Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling Software as an Instructional Tool
Authors: Boster Kimberly A. Stevens , Dong Melody , Oakes Jessica M. , Bellini Chiara , Rayz Vitaliy L. , LaDisa John F. , Parker Dave , Wilson Nathan M. , Shadden Shawn C. , Marsden Alison L. , Goergen Craig J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Computational modeling of cardiovascular flows is becoming increasingly important in a range of biomedical applications, and understanding the fundamentals of computational modeling is important for engineering students. In addition to their purpose as research tools, integrated image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) platforms can be used to teach the fundamental principles involved in computational modeling and generate interest in studying cardiovascular disease. We report the results of a study performed at five institutions designed to investigate the effectiveness of an integrated modeling platform as an instructional tool and describe “best practices” for using an integrated modeling platform in the classroom. Use of an integrated modeling platform as an instructional tool in nontraditional educational settings (workshops, study abroad programs, in outreach) is also discussed. Results of the study show statistically significant improvements in understanding after using the integrated modeling platform, suggesting such platforms can be effective tools for teaching fundamental cardiovascular computational modeling principles.
Improved Computational Fluid Dynamics Framework for Reactor Core Baffle Swelling Assessment
Authors: Filonova Yuliia , Dubyk Yaroslav , Filonov Vladislav , Kondratjuk Vadym 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an improved estimation of reactor core baffle temperature distribution, during operation, at the nominal power level to address swelling problems of the reactor internals. Swelling is the main limiting factor in the reactor core internals long term operation of VVER-1000 nuclear units. The material irradiation-induced swelling and creep models are very sensitive to temperature distribution in metal; thus, a more detailed analysis of the core baffle metal thermohydraulic cooling characteristics is required. A framework for the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of VVER-1000 reactor baffle cooling is presented. First, an analytical model was developed to obtain boundary conditions (BCs) and simplify CFD analysis. Second, the CFD analysis was performed using 60 deg symmetry, which included core, baffle, and core barrel, and it is limited by the height of the baffle. Core is simplified as an equivalent coolant domain with considering of spatial volumetric energy release. Core baffle is presented as monolithic body with considering of gamma-ray heat generation. Model includes cooling ribs and simplified geometry of connecting studs, with cooling flow of the coolant through the nuts grooves. Calculated convection coefficient and temperature are in good agreement with analytical model and give a more accurate result comparing to RELAP5/mod3.2. Obtained temperature field was used to estimate baffle swelling process and justify safe long term operation of the reactor internals.
A Design Guideline for Random Excitation Forces Due to Two-Phase Cross Flow in Tube Bundles
Authors: Taylor Colette E. , Pettigrew Michel J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper re-examines the available experimental data to investigate the random excitation forces that affect tube bundles exposed to two-phase cross flow. Much of the experimental data generated over the past four decades have been gathered in an attempt to understand the parametric dependence of the random two-phase forces. The data include air–water, steam–water and various Freons used in a variety of test sections with either strain gages to measure the tube amplitude or force transducers to measure the reaction forces. A review of previous work in this area finds that some authors claim a strong flow regime dependence while others suggest that this dependence is weak. This work takes a detailed look at this discrepancy and finds that a single design guideline does not adequately bound all flow regimes. As a result, two dimensionless upper bounds are proposed.
Aridity-driven decoupling of δ13C between pedogenic carbonate and soil organic matter
Authors: Da Jiawei , Zhang Yi Ge , Li Gen , Ji Junfeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pedogenic carbonate is an invaluable archive for reconstructing continental paleoclimate and paleoecology. The δ13C of pedogenic carbonate (δ13Cc) has been widely used to document the rise and expansion of C4 plants over the Cenozoic. This application requires a fundamental presumption that in soil pores, soil-respired CO2 dominates over atmospheric CO2 during the formation of pedogenic carbonates. However, the decoupling between δ13Cc and δ13C of soil organic matter (δ13CSOM) have been observed, particularly in arid regions, suggesting that this presumption is not always valid. To evaluate the influence of atmospheric CO2 on soil δ13Cc, here we performed systematic δ13C analyses of paleosols across the Chinese Loess Plateau, with the sample ages spanning three intervals: the Holocene, the Late Pleistocene, and the mid-Pliocene warm period. Our paired δ13Cc and δ13CSOM data reveal broadly divergent trending patterns. Using a two-component CO2-mixing model, we show substantial incorporations of atmospheric CO2 (up to 60%) into soil pore space during carbonate precipitation. This result readily explains the enrichment of δ13Cc and its divergence from δ13CSOM. As a consequence, δ13C of pedogenic carbonates formed under semiarid and/or arid conditions are largely driven by regional aridity through its control on soil CO2 composition, and thus cannot be used to evaluate the relative abundance of C3 versus C4 plants. Nonetheless, these carbonates can be applied for atmospheric CO2 reconstructions, even for periods with low CO2 levels.
Perinatal encephalopathy, the syndrome of intracranial hypertension and associated diagnostic labels in the Commonwealth of Independent States: a systematic review
Authors: Mustafayev Revan , Seyid-Mammadova Tarana , Kennedy Colin R , Ertem Ilgi Ozturk , Forsyth Brian , Weber Martin 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThe WHO reports excessive rates of ill-defined neurological diagnoses and ineffective and potentially harmful drug treatments in children in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Collectively termed perinatal encephalopathy and the syndrome of intracranial hypertension (PE-SIH), these diagnoses are important contributors to perceived childhood morbidity and disability in the CIS. A systematic compilation of information on PE-SIH is lacking.MethodsWe systematically reviewed publications between 1970 and 2020 on PE-SIH in Azerbaijani, English, Russian and Ukrainian languages and summarised information on PE-SIH.ResultsWe identified 30 publications (70% in Russian) published 1976–2017. The diagnosis of PE-SIH was either based on unreported criteria (67% of reports), non-specific clinical features of typically developing children or those with common developmental disorders (20% of reports) or cranial ultrasound (13% of reports). The reported proportion of children with PE-SIH in the study samples ranged from 31% to 99%. There were few published studies on reassessments of children diagnosed with PE-SIH, and these did not confirm neurological disease in the majority of children. Treatments included multiple unlicenced drugs without established effectiveness and with potential unwanted effects.ConclusionThis review suggests that PE-SIH is a medical diagnostic label that is used in numerous children without substantive associated disease. The diagnosis and treatment of PE-SIH is a multidimensional, iatrogenic, clinical and public health problem in the CIS. With increasing use of evidence-based medicine guidelines in the region, it is hoped that PE-SIH will gradually disappear, but actions to accelerate this change are nevertheless needed.
Recurrent sudden unexpected death in infancy: a case series of sibling deaths
Authors: Garstang Joanna J , Campbell Michael J , Cohen Marta C , Coombs Robert C , Daman Willems Charlotte , McKenzie Angela , Moore Angela , Waite Alison 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesTo determine the rate of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) for infants born after a previous SUDI in the same family, and to establish the causes of death and the frequency of child protection concerns in families with recurrent SUDI.DesignObservational study using clinical case records.SettingThe UK’s Care of Next Infant (CONI) programme, which provides additional care to families who have experienced SUDI with their subsequent children.PatientsInfants registered on CONI between January 2000 and December 2015.Main outcome measuresCause of death, presence of modifiable risk factors for SUDI and child protection concerns.ResultsThere were 6608 live-born infants registered in CONI with 29 deaths. 26 families had 2 deaths, and 3 families had 3 deaths. The SUDI rate for infants born after one SUDI is 3.93 (95% CI 2.7 to 5.8) per 1000 live births. Cause of death was unexplained for 19 first and 15 CONI deaths. Accidental asphyxia accounted for 2 first and 6 CONI deaths; medical causes for 3 first and 4 CONI deaths; and homicide for 2 first and 4 CONI deaths. 10 families had child protection concerns.ConclusionsThe SUDI rate for siblings is 10 times higher than the current UK SUDI rate. Homicide presenting as recurrent SUDI is very rare. Many parents continued to smoke and exposed infants to hazardous co-sleeping situations, with these directly leading to or contributing to the death of six siblings. SUDI parents need support to improve parenting skills and reduce risk to subsequent infants.
Uveitis and cystoid macular oedema secondary to topical prostaglandin analogue use in ocular hypertension and open angle glaucoma
Authors: Hu Jason , Vu James Thinh , Hong Brian , Gottlieb Chloe 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundOf the side effects of prostaglandin analogues (PGAs), uveitis and cystoid macular oedema (CME) have significant potential for vision loss based on postmarket reports. Caution has been advised due to concerns of macular oedema and uveitis. In this report, we researched and summarised the original data suggesting these effects and determined their incidence.MethodsPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Studies evaluating topical PGAs in patients with ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma were included. MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched between 1946 and 2019. Experimental studies, animal studies and randomised studies with other intraocular pressure-lowering eye drops were excluded.Results214 studies (28 232 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Using prospective data, the incidence of uveitis and CME among PGA users were 62/28 232 (0.22%) and 25/28 232 (0.09%), respectively. A higher frequency of both uveitis and CME were found among latanoprost users compared with bimatoprost. There were 21 case studies reporting CME including 48 eyes in 43 patients. 47 of 48 eyes (97.9%) had previous incisional ocular surgery. 8 eyes were re-challenged, of which 7 (87.5%) recurred. 7 case studies reported uveitis in 15 eyes of 10 patients. 7 of 15 eyes (46.7%) were either pseudophakic or aphakic. 6 eyes were re-challenged, and all 6 (100%) recurred.ConclusionsCases of uveitis or CME revealed a confounding effect of ocular surgery, aphakia or subluxed intraocular lens. PGAs may be used in non-surgical patients without concern of causing CME or uveitis. The incidences of PGA-associated CME and uveitis are rare with limited prospective studies on the cause-effect relationship.
Real world evidence on 5661 patients treated for macular oedema secondary to
branch retinal vein occlusion with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth
factor, intravitreal dexamethasone or macular laser
Authors: Gale Richard , Pikoula Maria , Lee Aaron Y , Denaxas Spiros , Egan Catherine , Tufail Adnan , Taylor Paul ,   UK EMR Users Group
Published: June 2020

Background/aims
Clinical trials suggest anti-vascular endothelial growth factor is more
effective than intravitreal dexamethasone as treatment for macular oedema
secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion. This study asks if ‘real world’
data from a larger and more diverse population, followed for a longer period,
also support this conclusion.

Methods
Data collected to support routine care at 27 NHS (National Health Service)
Trusts between February 2002 and September 2017 contained 5661 treatment-naive
patients with a single mode of treatment for macular oedema secondary to branch
retinal vein occlusion and no history of cataract surgery either during or
recently preceding the treatment. Number of treatment visits and change in
visual acuity from baseline was plotted for three treatment groups
(anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF), intravitreal
dexamethasone, macular laser) for up to 3 years.

Results
Mean baseline visual acuity was 57.1/53.1/62.3 letters in the
anti-VEGF/dexamethasone/macular laser groups, respectively. This changed to
66.72 (+9.6)/57.6 (+4.5)/63.2 (+0.9) at 12 months. Adequate numbers allowed
analysis at 18 months for all groups (66.6 (+9.5)/56.1 (+3.0)/60.8 (-1.5)) and
for anti-VEGF at 36 months (68.0, +10.9) Mean number of treatments were
5.1/1.5/1.2 at 12 months, 5.9/1.7/1.2 at 18 months for all three groups and
10.3 at 36 months for anti-VEGF.

Conclusions
Visual acuity improvements were higher and more sustained with anti-VEGF.
Higher treatment burden occurred with anti-VEGF but this reduced over 36
months. Patients with better vision at baseline than those in the clinical
trials maintained high levels of vision with both anti-VEGF and
dexamethasone.