bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Value of Extracellular Cold-inducible RNA-binding Protein (eCIRP) in Predicting the Severity and Prognosis of Patients After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Wang Ling , Li Rui-Fang , Guan Xiao-Lan , Liang Shuang-Shuang , Gong Ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP) acting as a novel damage-associated molecular pattern molecule promotes systemic inflammatory responses, including neuroinflammation in cerebral ischemia. We aimed to observe the changes of serum eCIRP and evaluate whether the increased serum eCIRP was associated with the severity and prognosis in patients with restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).Methods: A total of 73 patients after ROSC were divided into non‑survivor (n = 48) and survivor (n = 25) groups based on 28‑day survival. Healthy volunteers (n = 25) were enrolled as controls. Serum eCIRP, procalcitonin (PCT), the pro-inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-6 (IL)-6 and high mobility group protein (HMGB1), the neurological damage biomarkers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and soluble protein 100β (S100β) were measured on days 1, 3 and 7 after ROSC. Clinical data and laboratory findings were collected, and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) were calculated concurrently. Cerebral performance category (CPC) scores on day 28 after ROSC were recorded.Results: Serum eCIRP, PCT, NSE and S100β, IL-6, TNF-α and HMGB1 were significantly increased within the first week after ROSC. The increased levels of eCIRP was positively correlated with IL-6, TNF-α, HMGB1, NSE, S100β, lactate, CPR time, SOFA score and APACHE II score after ROSC. Serum eCIRP on days 1, 3 and 7 after ROSC could predict 28-day mortality and neurological prognosis. Serum eCIRP on day 3 after ROSC had a biggest AUC [0.862 (95%CI: 0.741-0.941)] for 28-day mortality and a biggest AUC [0.807 (95%CI: 0.630-0.981)] for neurological prognosis. Conclusions: Systemic inflammatory response with increased serum eCIRP occurred in patients after ROSC. Increased eCIRP level was positively correlated with the aggravation of systemic inflammatory response and the severity after ROSC. Serum eCIRP serves as a potential predictor for 28-day mortality and poor neurological prognosis after ROSC.
Cataract Services in the COVID-19 era: Risk, Consent and Prioritisation
Authors: Cheng Kelvin , Anderson Martin , Velissaris Stavros , Moreton Robert , Al-Mansour Ahmed , Sanders Professor Roshini , Sutherland Shona , Wilson Peter , Blaikie Andrew 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:The COVID-19 pandemic halted non-emergency surgery across Scotland. Measures to mitigating the risks of transmitting COVID-19 are creating significant challenges to recommencement of all surgical services safely. We describe the development of a risk stratification tool to prioritise patients for cataract surgery and report the demographics and comorbidities of patients on the NHS Fife waiting list. Methods:A prospective case review of electronic records was performed. A risk stratification tool was developed based on review of available literature on risk factors for poor outcome from COVID-19 infection. Scores derived from the tool were used to generate 6 risk profile groups to call in time order for surgery.Results:There were 744 patients awaiting cataract surgery of which 66 (8.9%) patients were ‘shielding’. One hundred and thirty-two (19.5%) patients had no systemic comorbidities, 218 (32.1%) patients had 1 relevant systemic comorbidity and 316 (46.5%) patients had 2 or more comorbidities. Five hundred and ninety patients (88.7%) did not have any ocular comorbidities.Conclusions:COVID-19 has presented every department an urgent challenge to deal with the mounting cataract surgery waiting list. We present a pragmatic method of risk stratifying patients on waiting lists, blending an evidence-based objective assessment of risk and patient need combined with an element of shared decision-making. This has facilitated recommencement of our cataract service taking into account biohazard measures of the COVID-19 era.
Effectiveness of Matching Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) in Corneal Transplantation: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Sachdeva Gagandeep Singh , Cabada Joshua Piollo , Karim Syed Saad , Kahandawa Dmitry Lakvin , Thomas Kevin Anil , Kumar Anusha , Butt Gibran , Barry Robert 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Corneal transplantation is the most frequently performed transplantation. Despite this, the therapeutic value of matching Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) subtypes for transplanted corneas remains controversial. Ocular immune privilege was originally deemed to render matching unnecessary; however more recently, matching has demonstrated improved outcomes including graft success, amongst others. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of major and minor antigen matching on graft outcomes in corneal transplantation. Methods Standard systematic review methodology will be used to identify, select and extract data from observational studies and clinical trials assessing the effects of HLA matching on corneal graft outcomes. Bibliographic databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus), clinical trial registers, abstract and conference proceedings, in addition to dissertation, thesis and grey literature will be searched. Neither date of publication nor language will be restricted, and non-English articles will be translated were necessary. The primary outcome will be to assess corneal graft success for different degrees of HLA matching/mismatching. The precise end outcome measure varies amongst studies and includes graft rejection, immunoreaction, failure and survival. Therefore, data will be extracted across all relevant outcome parameters and grouped for subsequent statistical tests. Risk of bias assessment will be completed, appropriate to each study design. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be independently completed by two reviewers. Data will be tabulated, and a narrative synthesis presented. Meta-analysis will be performed where there is sufficient homogeneity between studies to warrant its effective completion. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis will be undertaken if appropriate. Discussion Many studies have investigated the effectiveness of HLA matching for corneal transplantation. A systematic review is needed to collate and analyse this evidence. Findings of this systematic review may form the basis of evidence-based recommendations on pre-operative HLA typing and matching of corneal grafts for transplantation. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO reference CRD42020198882
High transference number enabled by sulfated zirconia superacid for lithium metal batteries with carbonate electrolytes
Authors: Woo Sang-Gil , Hwang Eun-Kyoung , Kang Hee-Kook , Lee Haeun , Lee Je-Nam , Jeong Goojin , Yoo Dong-Joo , Lee Jimin , Kim Sungchan , Yu Ji-Sang , Choi Jang Wook 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The prospect of increasing the energy density has promoted research on lithium metal batteries. Yet, avoiding the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites and the resulting interfacial instability to ensure the practical viability of the given battery technology remains a considerable challenge. Here, we report coating the separator with sulfated zirconia superacid to achieve a high lithium ion transference number of 0.92 and compelling cycle life when a full-cell paired with a LiNi0.82Co0.07Mn0.11O2 cathode was tested in a carbonate electrolyte under practical operating conditions. The exceptionally high transference number is attributed to strengthened binding of the PF6− anion of the lithium salt with the superacid. Furthermore, a trace amount of water bound to the superacid reacts with PF6− to induce a mechanically stable solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) layer rich in LixPOyFz. This study demonstrates the beneficial effect of the superacid on emerging post-lithium-ion batteries by immobilizing the anion of the salt as well as modifying the SEI composition.
The Difference in Birthweight in Singletons Born After Fresh Embryo Transfer and After Frozen Embryo Transfer Becomes Significant in the Late Third Trimester
Authors: Chen Yu-Chen , Lee Pei-Fang , Hsu Te-Yao , Tsai Ni-Chin , Tsai Ching-Chang , Huang Fu-Jen , Lan Kuo-Chung 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Although it seems to be the consensus that the birth weight of the fetus has increased in FET, few studies have explored the pattern of fetal weight change during pregnancy. The purpose of this study is to explore when fetal weight begins to differ between singletons born after fresh embryo transfer (ET) and those born after frozen embryo transfer (FET).Methods: This was a hospital-based cohort study using clinical data from the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Obstetric and Neonatal Database (KCGMHOND) from January 1, 2007, to December 1, 2018. A sample of 784 eligible women who had singleton pregnancies and live-born deliveries after 428 fresh ET or 356 FET between January 2007 and December 2018. Results: Compared to those in the fresh ET group, singletons in the FET group had higher birthweight (3137 g [2880-3441] vs. 3060 g [2710-3340], P<0.05), were born later (39.0 weeks of gestation [38.0-40.0] vs. 38.0 weeks of gestation [37.0-39.0], P<0.05) and had a lower ratio of preterm birth (10.4% vs. 15.2%, P<0.05).The difference in birthweight was not associated with maternal body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI), maternal BW gained in the third trimester or total BW gained during pregnancy. When second- and third-trimester gestational ages were compared by estimated date of delivery (EDD, days) using ultrasound measurement, there were also no significant differences.Conclusions: The birthweight of singletons born following FET and fresh ET became significant in the late third trimester. The main reason is that singletons conceived from FET were at a lower relative risk of preterm delivery and had a higher gestational age at birth.
Fecal and Ruminal Microbiome Components Associated With Methane Emission in Beef Cattle.
Authors: Andrade Bruno G.N. , Afli Haithem , Bressani Flavia A. , Cuadrat Rafael R. C. , de Oliveira Priscila S. N. , Mourão Gerson B. , Coutinho Luiz L. , Reecy James M. , Koltes James E. , de Souza Marcela Maria , Neto Adhemar Zerlotini , de Medeiros Sérgio Raposo , Berndt Alexandre , Palhares Julio C. P. , Regitano Luciana C. A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The impact of extreme changes in weather patterns in the economy and humanity welfare are some of the biggest challenges that our civilization is facing. From the anthropogenic activities that contribute to climate change, reducing the impact of farming activities is a priority, since its responsible for up to 18% of greenhouse gases linked to such activities. To this end, we tested if the ruminal and fecal microbiomes components of 52 Brazilian Nelore bulls, belonging to two experimental groups based on the feed intervention, conventional (A) and byproducts based diet (B), could be used as biomarkers for methane (CH4) emission.Results: We identified a total of 5,693 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) in the Nelore bulls microbiomes from the experimental group B. Statistical analysis showed that the microbiome populations were significantly different among treatment groups. Differential abundance (DA) analysis with the ANCOM approach identified 30 bacterial and 15 archaea ASVs as DA among treatment groups. Random forest models, using either bacteria or archaea ASVs as predictors, were able to predict the treatment group with high accuracy (r2>0.85). Association analysis using Mixed Linear Models indicate that bacterial and archaea ASVs are linked to the CH4 emission phenotype, of which the most prominent were the ruminal ASV 40 and fecal ASV 35. These ASVs contributed to a 9.7% increase and 7.3% decrease of the variation in CH4 emission, respectively, which indicated their potential as targets for feed interventions and/or biomarkers.Conclusion: The feed composition induced significant differences in abundance and richness of ruminal and fecal microbial populations. The dietary treatment based on industrial byproducts applied had an impact on the microbiome diversity of bacteria and archaea, but not on protozoa. Microbiome components (ASVs) of bacteria and archaea can be successfully used to predict the treatment group, thus giving support to the hypothesis that the feed intervention modulate microbiome abundance and diversity. Microbiome components were associated with CH4 emission in both microbiomes. Therefore, both ruminal and fecal ASVs can be used as biomarkers for methane production and emission.
Myocardial Infarction with Non Obstructive Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Case Report
Authors: Ghoush Mousa S. A. , Almohdar Safaa , Samha Thamer 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA) is a syndrome with different causes, characterized by clinical evidence
of myocardial infarction with normal or near-normal coronary arteries on angiography.

Case Presentation:
Here we describe an interesting case of a 29 year old male known to have bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement who presented with chest pain
suggestive of the acute coronary syndrome, with rising troponin levels but having a normal coronary angiography and a cardiac magnetic
resonance imaging showing evidence of myocardial infarction thus suggestive of MINOCA.

Conclusion:
This case illustrates the increasing clinical role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in modern cardiology and its ability to detect a final
diagnosis in patients with MINOCA and also raise the possibility of recurrent embolic phenomena to the epicardial vessels from bioprosthetic
valves, which might be challenging to prove.
Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer: Prospects for New Drugs
Authors: Tendulkar Shivani , Dodamani Suneel 
Published: September 2020

:This review focuses on the conventional treatment, signaling pathways and various reasons for drug resistance with an understanding of novel methods that can lead to effective therapies. Ovarian cancer is amongst the most common gynecological and lethal cancers in women affecting different age groups (20-60). The survival rate is limited to 5 years due to diagnosis in subsequent stages with a reoccurrence of tumor and resistance to chemotherapeutic therapy. The recent clinical trials use the combinatorial treatment of carboplatin and paclitaxel on ovarian cancer after the cytoreduction of the tumor. Predominantly, patients are responsive initially to therapy and later develop metastases due to drug resistance. Chemotherapy also leads to drug resistance causing enormous variations at the cellular level. Multifaceted mechanisms like drug resistance are associated with a number of genes and signaling pathways that process the proliferation of cells. Reasons for resistance include epithelial-mesenchyme, DNA repair activation, autophagy, drug efflux, pathway activation, and so on. Determining the routes on the molecular mechanism that target chemoresistance pathways are necessary for controlling the treatment and understanding efficient drug targets can open light on improving therapeutic outcomes. The most common drug used for ovarian cancer is Cisplatin that activates various chemoresistance pathways, ultimately causing drug resistance. There have been substantial improvements in understanding the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance or chemo sensitizing cisplatin for effective treatment. Therefore, using therapies that involve a combination of phytochemical or novel drug delivery system would be a novel treatment for cancer. Phytochemicals are plant-derived compounds that exhibit anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory properties and reduce side effects exerted by chemotherapeutics.
Medicinal Herbs Effective for Gray Hair in Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: Raeiszadeh Mahboobeh , Rameshk Maryam , Khandani Shahram Kalantari 
Published: September 2020

Background:
With today’s increasing life expectations, the desire to look youthful plays
a bigger role than ever. The use of plants for this purpose has a history as old as that of mankind
himself. In the Traditional Persian Medicine, many herbal formulations have been reported for hair
growth promotion as well as improvement in the quality of hair.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to introduce effective medicinal plants in Traditional Persian
Medicine for gray hair that can be used in new products.

Methods:
The present study is an overview study and codified by the Library search method in the
main sources of Traditional Persian Medicine.

Results:
After reviewing the selected book, we discovered that three types of formulations recommended
for gray hair by traditional healers contain preventive, treatment, and dying compounds.
Our research indicated that the parts of the plants used most frequently in the treatment and preventive
compounds are leaves, seeds, and fruit that are more often used as a topical oil or oral compound
(electuaries). The majority of plant parts used in hair dyes are leaves, fruit, and gum which
all are used topically.

Conclusion:
Synthetic-based formulations may cause several side effects on human health and
with the increasing popularity of the herbal drugs in hair care products, it is worthwhile to carry out
the systemic investigation on the efficacy of these formulations and their preparations. We hope
that this study could show a way of using Traditional Persian Medicine in hair care products in the
future.
Interpersonal and Structural Social Isolation among African American and Black Caribbean Men
Authors: Taylor Harry Owen , Taylor Robert Joseph 
Published: September 2020

Social relationships are important for promoting health and well-being in men and confer many benefits that help prevent the onset and mitigate adverse impacts of disease and disability. Social isolation, or the absence of social relationships, is associated with a wide range of negative health outcomes; however, most studies of social isolation have been conducted among predominantly White samples. As a consequence, we know very little about social isolation among Black men. Using an intersectionality framework, this study examines the prevalence and correlates of social isolation among men who identify as African American or Black Caribbean. Data come from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL), a nationally representative sample of African Americans, Black Caribbeans, and Whites living in the United States. The current study focuses on men who identified as African American or Black Caribbean. Further, within this sample, we distinguish by ethnicity and nativity in examining Black men who are African American (native to the U.S.), U.S.-born Black Caribbean men, and foreign-born Black Caribbean men. Social isolation was operationalized using two constructs: interpersonal isolation and structural isolation. The analyses adjusted for age, education, income, marital status, and region. We conducted a series of Poisson regressions to determine: (1) ethnic differences in interpersonal and structural social isolation and (2) ethnic-specific correlates of interpersonal and structural social isolation among Black men. All analyses accounted for the complex study design of the NSAL. There were no significant ethnic differences among Black men for interpersonal isolation. However, U.S. born Black Caribbean men had higher rates of structural social isolation compared to African American men and foreign-born Black Caribbean men. There were very few differences in the correlates of interpersonal isolation among Black men regardless of ethnicity. However, in terms of structural isolation, African American men had more significant correlates in comparison to U.S. born Black Caribbean men and foreign-born Black Caribbean men.
Alveolar bone response to maxillary incisor retraction using stable skeletal structures as a reference
Authors: Eksriwong Teerapat , Thongudomporn Udom 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate alveolar bone change in relation to root position change after maxillary incisor retraction via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) using stable skeletal structures as a reference.

Materials and Methods
A total of 17 subjects (age 24.7 ± 4.4 years) who required retraction of the maxillary incisors were included. Labial and palatal alveolar bone changes and root change were assessed from preretraction and 3 months postretraction CBCT images. The reference planes were based on stable skeletal structures. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate. Spearman rank correlations were used to identify the parameters that correlated with alveolar bone change. The significance level was set at .05.

Results
The labial alveolar bone change after maxillary incisor retraction was statistically significant (P &lt; .05), and the bone remodeling/tooth movement (B/T) ratio was 1:1. However, the palatal bone remained unchanged (P &gt; .05). The change in inclination was significantly related to labial alveolar bone change.

Conclusions
Using stable skeletal structures as a reference, the change in labial alveolar bone followed tooth movement in an almost 1:1 B/T ratio. Palatal alveolar bone did not remodel following maxillary incisor retraction. The change in inclination was associated with alveolar bone change.
Towards computer-network architectures for the digital transformation of large-scale systems
Authors: Затуливетер Юрий Семёнович , Фищенко Елена Алексеевна 
Published: September 2020

На основе математического обобщения классической модели универсального компьютера Дж. фон Неймана в статье предложен общий подход к устранению причин воспроизводства разнородности аппаратных, программных и информационных ресурсов в глобальной компьютерной среде (ГКС). Обобщённая модель позволяет бесшовно расширять свойство универсальной программируемости с внутрикомпьютерных ресурсов на сколь угодно большие сети. При этом кибербезопасность кардинального повышается за счёт аппаратного воплощения "тяжёлых" системных функций, программно выполняемых в операционных системах.
Анализ тенденций развития больших распределённых систем показал, что существующие технологии функциональной интеграции разнородных ресурсов ГКС (Grid, Cloud, пиринговые сети) приблизились к пределам своих возможностей увеличения масштабов таких систем. Дальнейшее увеличение их размеров требует неприемлемых затрат на преодоление крайней разнородности и обеспечение кибербезопасности.
Причины разнородности ГКС фундаментальны. Они скрыты в логике фоннеймановских оснований микропроцессорных архитектур. Сетевые протоколы TCP/IP в глобальных масштабах легализуют разнородность, а также эвристические методы интеграции разнородных ресурсов.
Первоначальные принципы формирования ГКС не предназначались для системно-целостного решения проблем создания сколь угодно больших распределённых систем в ГКС. Предложенная модель открывает возможности для воплощения в ГКС математически-однородного, универсального, бесшовно программируемого и кибербезопасного алгоритмического пространства распределённых вычислений. С устранением разнородности на уровне массовых приложений кардинально снижаются затраты на создание/развитие всего разнообразия сколь угодно больших распределённых систем.