bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is chronotype profile a risk indicator for caries in children and adolescents in sub‐urban Nigeria?
Authors: Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , El Tantawi Maha , Oginni Olakunle , Arowolo Olaniyi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the association between chronotype and the prevalence of caries among in‐school pupils aged 6‐ to 16‐year‐old residing in a sub‐urban area in Nigeria. We hypothesize that in‐school pupils who are evening chronotypes will have significantly higher prevalence of caries than those who are intermediate or morning chronotypes.MethodsThis secondary analysis of a dataset collected in 2019 from 1502 children aged 6‐ to 16‐year‐old attending private and public primary and secondary schools in Ife Central Local Government Area, Nigeria. The dependent variable was caries prevalence. The explanatory variable was participants’ chronotype profile (morning, intermediate, and evening). The confounding variables were caries risk factors (socio‐economic status, age at last birthday, sex, use of fluoridated toothpaste, frequency of consumption of refined carbohydrates, and oral hygiene status). Poisson regression analysis was conducted.ResultsData of 1001 (66.6%) students were retrieved. Of these, 59 (5.9%) had caries, 42 (4.2%) were evening type, 526 (52.5%) were intermediate type, and 433 (43.3%) were morning type. There was no significant association between chronotype and the prevalence of caries though children who were intermediate type (APR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.41‐1.66) and morning type (APR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.27‐1.18) were less likely to have caries than were those who were evening type.ConclusionThe children and adolescents’ chronotype was not a significant risk indicator for caries in the study population.
Do network centrality measures predict dental outcomes of Indigenous children over time?
Authors: Soares Gustavo Hermes , Santiago Pedro Henrique Ribeiro , Biazevic Maria Gabriela Haye , Michel‐Crosato Edgard , Jamieson Lisa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCentrality measures identify items that are central to a network, which may inform potential targets for oral interventions.AimWe tested whether centrality measures in a cross‐sectional network of mothers’ baseline factors are able to predict the association with children's dental outcomes at age 5 years.DesignA network approach was applied to longitudinal data from a randomised controlled trial of dental caries prevention delivered to 448 women pregnant with an Indigenous child in South Australia. Central items were identified at baseline using three centrality measures (strength, betweenness, and closeness). Centrality values of mothers’ outcomes were regressed with their predictive values to dental caries experience and dental service utilisation at child age 5 years.ResultsItems of oral health self‐efficacy and oral health literacy were central to mothers’ baseline network. Strength at baseline explained 51% and 45% of items’ predictive values to dental caries experience and dental service utilisation at child age 5 years, respectively. Adjusted and unadjusted values of node strength for the children's oral health network were highly correlated.ConclusionStrength at baseline successfully identified mothers’ items with greater importance to dental caries experience and dental service utilisation at child age 5 years.
Characterisation of anterior open bite in primary school‐aged children: A preliminary study with artificial neural network analysis
Authors: Tanny Liyana , Huang Boyen , Shaweesh Ashraf , Currie Geoffrey 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundNon‐nutritive sucking habits, bottle feeding, and facial hyperdivergency have been suggested as the influencing factors of anterior open bite (AOB). There was inconsistent reporting of prevalence and a gap of knowledge in the literature.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of AOB in 7‐ to 12‐year‐olds, with a special interest to characterise the determinants of this malocclusion.DesignA sample of 203 children aged 7 to 12 years were selected from a primary school in regional Australia. The legal guardian of each child completed a self‐administered questionnaire. Data were assessed using methods of univariate statistics and neural analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of AOB and thumb sucking was 24.1% and 23.2%, respectively. AOB was associated with the habit (correlation = 0.754) and duration (correlation = 0.574) of thumb sucking. Age, gender, birth order, feeding modality, sleep patterns, history of orthodontic treatment and tonsil, adenoid or grommet surgery, and parents’ level of education were not related to AOB (correlation absolute value ≤ 0.474).ConclusionsThumb sucking, specifically for prolonged duration, increases the risk of development of AOB. Cessation of thumb sucking habits should be encouraged at an early age to avoid the development of AOB.
Crosstalk between hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide mediates priming‐induced drought tolerance in wheat
Authors: Wang Xiao , Li Qing , Yang Mengxiang , Zhang Jia , Huang Mei , Cai Jian , Zhou Qin , Dai Tingbo , Wollenweber Bernd , Jiang Dong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDrought is a limiting factor for wheat production. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are key signalling molecules produced in response to drought stress. Drought priming is a promising strategy for enhancing drought tolerance. Here, the roles of NO and H2O2 in drought priming were investigated. The results showed that the scavengers of NO or H2O2 reduced the effects of priming‐induced tolerance to drought stress during seedling and grain filling stages. Drought priming induced the production of H2O2 and NO, suggesting that H2O2 and NO were involved in priming‐induced drought tolerance and that the synthesis of H2O2 could be related to respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOH). Further, nitrate reductase (NR) activity was not the unique source for NO production. The elevated production of NO in the primed plants was blocked by scavengers of both H2O2 and NO, whereas the H2O2 concentration was not affected by a scavenger of NO. Osmolyte accumulation induced by drought priming was partly inhibited by the removal of NO, but was higher than in non‐primed plants. NO worked downstream of H2O2‐mediated the accumulation of proline and glycine‐betaine in primed plants under drought stress during grain filling. The results increase our understanding of the roles of H2O2 and NO in priming‐induced drought tolerance in wheat.
Effect of mixing glass frits on electrical property and microstructure of sintered Cu conductive thick film
Authors: Wang Jyun Yang , Lin Yi Xuan , Wu Chen Yu , Chiu Chung Yu , Lee Chia Hung , Yeh Ching Yu , Huang Bo Rong , Liu Cheng Yi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe resistivity of the sintered Cu thick film decreases with the weight percentage of the SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive in the mixing glass frits up to 50 wt%. As the weight percentage of the SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive in the mixing glass frits is over 50 wt%, the resistivity of the sintered Cu thick films is quite similar. The lowest resistivity (6.62 × 10−6 Ω‐cm) of the sintered Cu thick films occurs at 75 wt% of the SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive. Also, we observe the extensive glass phase framing around the large Cu grains in the Cu thick films sintered with low SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additives (less than 50 wt%) narrows the cross‐section area of the electrical path. On the contrary, the round‐shaped glass phase solidified among the small Cu grains allows a larger cross‐section of the electrical path (a possible lower resistivity) for the Cu thick films sintered with higher SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additives (larger than 50 wt%). The above results imply that the resistivity of the sintered Cu thick film correlates well with the microstructure (Cu grain size and the glass/Cu composite structure) of the sintered Cu thick films. Twin grain boundaries can clearly be observed in the sintered Cu thick films, especially for the Cu thick film sintered with the higher SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additives. Owing to small Cu grains size and high density of Cu grain boundary, the probability of the grain boundaries with a high grain‐boundary energy in the Cu thick film sintered with high SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive would be much larger, comparing to that in the Cu thick film sintered with low SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive. Thus, more annealing twin boundaries formed in the Cu thick film sintered with high SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive. Hence, the formation of the twin boundary in the sintered Cu thick film helps reducing the resistivity of the sintered Cu films.
Namaste care delivered by caregivers of community‐dwelling older adults with moderate to advanced dementia: A mixed methods study protocol
Authors: Yous Marie‐Lee , Ploeg Jenny , Kaasalainen Sharon , McAiney Carrie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to adapt and evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a multisensory, psychosocial intervention called Namaste Care delivered by family and friend caregivers of community‐dwelling older adults with moderate to advanced dementia.DesignA multiphase mixed methods design combining quantitative and qualitative methods will be used.MethodsThis study is composed of two phases. Phase 1 is guided by a qualitative description approach. Small group workshop sessions with 8–10 caregivers of community‐dwelling older adults with moderate to advanced dementia will be conducted to adapt Namaste Care. In Phase 2, 10–20 caregivers will receive training and implement the adapted Namaste Care approach at home. A one group, before‐after design will be used to evaluate feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of the approach over 3 months. Feasibility will be assessed using quantitative measures and acceptability will be explored using qualitative methods. Outcomes to evaluate preliminary effectiveness include quality of life (QoL), positive perceptions of caregiving, self‐efficacy, and caregiver burden.DiscussionThere are currently few skill‐building interventions that can be delivered by caregivers of people with moderate to advanced dementia at home. Caregivers should be involved in developing programs to enhance program relevance. This research will be the first to explore the feasibility of implementing the Namaste Care approach at home by caregivers.ImpactStudy results will provide important information about the feasibility and preliminary effects of an adapted form of Namaste Care. This program has the potential to improve the QoL of caregivers and may prevent hospitalization or long‐term care placement of older persons with moderate to advanced dementia. The revised Namaste Care program supports building the skills of caregivers so that their needs and the needs of older persons with dementia living at home are being addressed.
Perceptions on good‐life, good‐death, and advance care planning in Koreans with non‐cancerous chronic diseases
Authors: Cha EunSeok , Kim JinShil , Sohn Min Kyun , Lee Byung Seok , Jung Sung Soo , Lee SoJung , Lee Insil 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsThis study explored perceptions on a good‐life, good‐death, and advance care planning in Koreans with non‐cancerous chronic diseases with the goal to develop a culture‐specific advance care planning intervention in this population.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was used.MethodsData collections were conducted between September 2017 – June 2018. Twenty‐nine patients aged 41–82 years (85.8% men) participated in the interviews lasting 40–60 min. The verbatim transcriptions of the semi‐structured interview data were analysed using conventional content analysis.ResultsGood‐life was described as ‘present with physical and financial independence,’ ‘not burdensome to the family,’ ‘completed life responsibility’, and ‘helping others.’ Some participants described good‐death as ‘prepared death’ while others considered it as ‘sudden death during sleep.’ All participants wanted to have a painless death and not burden the family. Advance care planning was a new concept to many participants. It was likened to ‘insurance.’ Some participants believed that decision‐making on life‐sustaining treatment should be done by their family, not themselves, because of economic or emotional distress. Some participants wanted to discuss medical and non‐medical care services to reduce the burden on self and family.ConclusionFamily is key when it comes to the meaning of good‐life and good‐death. Cultural adaptation is necessary to meet the advance care planning needs of Koreans with non‐cancerous chronic diseases.ImpactSuccessfully implementing advance care planning in Koreans with non‐cancerous chronic diseases depends on how it is adapted to the disease‐specific characteristics compared with cancer, and the cultural norms and social context. Nurses need to be prepared to offer advance care planning to persons with non‐cancerous chronic diseases based on a keen sense of and empathetic cultural competence.
Nurses' assessments of staffing adequacy in care services for older patients following hospital discharge
Authors: Veenstra Marijke , Gautun Heidi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo explore community nurses' assessments of staffing adequacy in care provision for older patients following hospital discharge and analyse the extent to which their assessments are associated with characteristics of the system level of municipality and vertical coordination between hospital and community care services.DesignNation‐wide cross‐sectional survey.MethodsWeb‐based survey conducted in 2017 among 3,461 nurses working with older persons (65+) in homecare services, residential care and nursing homes in Norway. Responses from individual homecare nurses were linked with municipal‐level register data (age structure, economic flexibility, service profiles). Stratified multilevel analyses were used to analyse the association of staffing adequacy with municipal characteristics and perceived quality of vertical coordination.ResultsAlmost half of the nurses experienced inadequate staffing in general, whereas a similar share indicated that staffing was adequate. Nursing home nurses showed the least positive ratings of staffing adequacy. Most nurses indicated that there were too many unqualified care workers at their workplace. More positive assessments of staffing adequacy were associated with better vertical coordination. Average ratings of staffing adequacy were lower in larger municipalities and municipalities with an older population.ConclusionHealthcare providers, nurse managers and policy makers may benefit from a stronger focus on rebalancing skill‐mix and on new models of vertical coordination in addressing current and future nurse staffing shortages in care services for older people following hospital discharge.Impact statementThis study adds to the scarce national and international research literature on nurse staffing in community care services, addressing the pressing challenges of staffing and skill‐ mix in long‐term care provision. Findings support the development of nurse‐led models of care coordination for older patients following hospital discharge and stimulate future research on the effects of recruitment and retainment strategies in different municipalities and different models of vertical coordination.
“Tutor and student dyadic interactions in relation to Interprofessional education and clinical care: A constructivist grounded theory study”
Authors: Bianchi Monica , Ghirotto Luca , Bagnasco Annamaria , Catania Gianluca , Zanini Milko , Aleo Giuseppe , Hayter Mark , Sasso Loredana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore and understand the interprofessional collaboration preparation processes implemented by clinical tutors and students, in various professions, involved in interprofessional education experiences.DesignA constructivist grounded theory approach. The study was carried out between 2015‐#2017.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with a total of ten undergraduate students and the seven clinical tutors who supervised them from three undergraduate courses in a university of applied sciences and arts in Switzerland. Students were sampled during their clinical placement. Data were analysed and coded using constant comparative analysis with the support of Nvivo 10 software.ResultsA substantive theory "Practicing contextual models of interprofessional care" was generated. It explains how the whole process takes place, the tutor–student interactions, and how together they gradually build models of interprofessional care, linked to their clinical context and to the patients/families who are part of it.ConclusionThe process describes a journey to comprehensively explain the roles played by the two main actors (student and tutor) who build a relationship of interaction.ImpactThis theory provides an understanding of the complex process set up by students and how they are prepared for collaboration with other professionals. Its importance is mainly expressed in the educational field because it reveals a different vision from the one present so far and enables a thorough reflection from the pedagogical point of view. Teachers will be able to observe and approach the students' training curricula from a different point of view by evaluating any changes to favour it and rethink the organizational and training models of current programs.
Gastroenterology nurse prescribing in China: A Delphi method
Authors: Han Shifan , Jia Xiaoyue , Zhu Ruifang , Cao Yan , Xu Zhuya , Meng Yifei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimThis study aims to identify and reach a consensus among experts on the specific gastroenterology drugs that a gastroenterology nurse may be able to prescribe.DesignThis study employs a modified Delphi design to reach a consensus among medical and nursing experts about the gastroenterology system drugs that nurses may prescribe medication.MethodFrom August 2019–November 2019, a two‐round study, consisting of 26 medical and nursing experts, was conducted using the Delphi method. IBM SPSS Ver. 22 and descriptive statistical software were used to analyse the results of the consultations.ResultsA total of 37 drugs across nine categories are identified as relevant to Chinese nurses working in gastroenterology departments. Among them, four drugs are generally prescribed independently, 24 tend to be prescribed collaboratively and nine are prescribed either independently, or in collaboration with others.ConclusionsThis list is a fundamental and dependable instrument for identifying the gastroenterology drugs that could possibly be prescribed by gastroenterology nurses in China. The research results have important guiding significance for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies for nurses to prescribe medicines.ImpactNurse prescribing has become a global trend and is slowly gaining attention in China under the development strategy of ‘Healthy China’. As such, this list will give some reference for policy formulation and implementation of future nurse prescribing in mainland China.
Mealtime verbal interactions among nursing home staff and residents with dementia: A secondary behavioural analysis of videotaped observations
Authors: Liu Wen , Williams Kristine , Batchelor Melissa , Perkhounkova Yelena , Hein Maria 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo characterize dyadic mealtime verbal interactions and examine the associations with staff and resident characteristics.DesignA secondary analysis of 110 videotaped mealtime observations collected from a dementia communication trial during 2011–2014.MethodsVideos involved 25 residents with dementia and 29 staff in nine nursing homes. Verbal behaviours (utterances) were coded during 2018–2019 using the Cue Utilization and Engagement in Dementia mealtime video‐coding scheme, addressing eight positive behaviours and four negative behaviours. Bivariate analyses and multivariate regression models were used.ResultsStaff spoke three times more frequently (76.5%) than residents (23.5%). Nearly all staff utterances were positive (99.2%); 85.1% of residents' utterances were positive and 14.9% negative. Staff positive utterances were correlated with their negative utterances and resident positive and negative utterances. Staff negative utterances were correlated with resident negative utterances. Resident positive and negative utterances were correlated. Resident positive utterances were significantly associated with staff care‐giving length in the current nursing home (OR = 1.430, 95% CI = 1.008, 2.027). Resident negative utterances were significantly associated with resident gender (female versus male, OR = 11.892, 95% CI = 1.237, 114.289) and staff years worked as a caregiver (OR = 0.838, 95% CI = 0.710, 0.989). Staff positive and negative utterances were not associated significantly with any participant characteristics.ConclusionsStaff engage residents using primarily positive verbal strategies. Staff–resident mealtime verbal interactions were dynamic, interactive, and complex and related to multiple individual characteristics.ImpactPositive dyadic mealtime interactions are critical to engage residents in eating. Little work has characterized dyadic mealtime interactions, limiting the development of effective interventions. Findings showed staff–resident mealtime verbal interactions were primarily positive, inter‐related, and associated with multiple individual characteristics. Findings inform directions to improve mealtime care practice and develop person‐centred mealtime interventions targeting modifiable factors, including staff care‐giving experiences.
Structure, staffing, and factors affecting infection control nurses: Hospital based exploratory survey‐ A study protocol
Authors: Assariparambil Anil R. , Nayak Shalini G. , Sugunan Aswin , Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay , Shankar Ravi , Devi Elsa Sanatombi , George Anice 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimThe overall aim of the study is to develop a module for the structure, staffing, job responsibilities, training and workflow for the hospital Infection Control Department.DesignAn exploratory research design in two phases. Phase 1: Hospital based exploratory survey design. Phase 2: Delphi technique with Focus Group Discussion.MethodData will be collected through interviewing Infection Control Nurses (ICNs) or infection control in‐charge using Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) released by World Health Organization (WHO) in the first phase and Delphi technique in the second phase to determine the problems and solutions for the concerns pertaining to the ICNs. The study is funded by Indian Council of Medical Research from 15 October 2019 for 3 years duration.DiscussionHealthcare Associated Infection (HAI) affects the care quality of millions of people around the globe. Many researchers have explored the evidence for causes and measures to contain infection. However, there are hardly few researches from the perspective to structure, staffing pattern and factors affecting ICNs. As staffing is considered as a vital component in infection prevention, there is a necessity for optimization to reduce the global burden related to HAI.ImpactThis protocol on Structure, staffing, and factors affecting ICN will provide insight into developing strategy, policy or educational module for the ICNs across the country.Trial RegistrationThe trial is registered with Central Trial Registry of India (CTRI) with reference ID: CTRI/2020/07/026286