bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seropositivity for Helicobacter pylori and hepatobiliary cancers in the PLCO study
Authors: Makkar Rishi , Butt Julia , Huang Wen-Yi , McGlynn Katherine A. , Koshiol Jill , Pawlita Michael , Waterboer Tim , Freedman Neal D. , Murphy Gwen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHelicobacter has been suggested to play a possible role in hepatitis, gallstones, and hepatobiliary tumours. We assessed whether seropositivity to 15 H. pylori proteins was associated with subsequent incidence of 74 biliary tract and 105 liver cancer cases vs. 357 matched controls in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed by conditional logistic regression after adjustment for known hepatobiliary cancer risk factors. H. pylori seropositivity was not associated with either biliary tract (1.76, 0.90–3.46) or liver cancer (0.87, 0.46–1.65). CagA seropositivity was associated with both endpoints, although the latter association was not statistically significant (biliary tract: 2.16, 1.03–4.50; liver cancer: 1.96, 0.98–3.93) and neither association was statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Together, these results suggest possible associations between H. pylori and hepatobiliary cancer and suggest the value of future studies investigating the association.Trial registration number: NCT00339495.
Knockdown of MSI2 inhibits metastasis by interacting with caveolin-1 and inhibiting its ubiquitylation in human NF1-MPNST cells
Authors: Yang Kang , Du Jianwei , Shi Dai , Ji Feng , Ji Yong , Pan Junbo , Lv Fei , Zhang Yao , Zhang Jie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) are highly aggressive Schwann cell-derived sarcomas, and they are either associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or sporadic. Our previous study found that high mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) regulates NF1-MPNST growth through Musashi-2 (MSI2); however, whether MSI2 regulates MPNST metastasis and what the mechanism is remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) directly interacts with MSI2 in human NF1-MPNST cells. Moreover, we discovered that knockdown of MSI2 induces CAV1 protein expression by inhibiting its ubiquitylation level in NF1-MPNSTs. In addition, CAV1 mediates the suppressive function of MSI2 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. These results help to reveal the potential mechanisms of MSI2 as a target of antimetastatic treatment for human NF1-MPNST.
Complex migration history is revealed by genetic diversity of tomato samples collected in Italy during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
Authors: Ercolano M. R. , Di Donato A. , Sanseverino W. , Barbella M. , De Natale A. , Frusciante L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNative to South America, the tomato is now grown almost worldwide. During its domestication and improvement, important selection signatures were fixed in certain agronomic and adaption traits. Such traits include fruit morphology, which became a major target for selection over the centuries. However, little is known about precisely when some mutations arose and how they spread through the germplasm. For instance, elongated fruit variants, originating both via mutations in SUN and OVATE genes, may have arisen prior to domestication or during tomato cultivation in Europe. To gain insights into the tomato admixture and selection pattern, the genome of two tomato herbarium specimens conserved in the Herbarium Porticense (PORUN) was sequenced. Comparison of the DNA of herbarium samples collected in Italy between 1750 and 1890 with that of living tomato accessions yielded insights into the history of tomato loci selection. Interestingly, the genotype of the more recent sample (LEO90), classified in 1890 as the oblungum variety, shows several private variants in loci implicated in fruit shape determination, also present also in wild tomato samples. In addition, LEO90, sampled in the nineteenth century, is genetically more distant from cultivated varieties than the SET17 genotype, collected in the eighteenth century, suggesting that elongated tomato varieties may originate from a cross between a landrace and a wild ancestor. Findings from our study have major implications for the understanding of tomato migration patterns and for the conservation of allelic diversity and loci recovery.
Whole-genome, transcriptome, and methylome analyses provide insights into the evolution of platycoside biosynthesis in Platycodon grandiflorus, a medicinal plant
Authors: Kim Jungeun , Kang Sang-Ho , Park Sin-Gi , Yang Tae-Jin , Lee Yi , Kim Ok Tae , Chung Oksung , Lee Jungho , Choi Jae-Pil , Kwon Soo-Jin , Lee Keunpyo , Ahn Byoung-Ohg , Lee Dong Jin , Yoo Seung-il , Shin In-Gang , Um Yurry , Lee Dae Young , Kim Geum-Soog , Hong Chang Pyo , Bhak Jong , Kim Chang-Kug 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTriterpenoid saponins (TSs) are common plant defense phytochemicals with potential pharmaceutical properties.Platycodon grandiflorus(Campanulaceae) has been traditionally used to treat bronchitis and asthma in East Asia. The oleanane-type TSs, platycosides, are a major component of theP. grandiflorusroot extract. Recent studies show that platycosides exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anticancer, antiviral, and antiallergy properties. However, the evolutionary history of platycoside biosynthesis genes remains unknown. In this study, we sequenced the genome ofP. grandiflorusand investigated the genes involved in platycoside biosynthesis. The draft genome ofP. grandiflorusis 680.1 Mb long and contains 40,017 protein-coding genes. Genomic analysis revealed that theCYP716family genes play a major role in platycoside oxidation. TheCYP716gene family ofP. grandifloruswas much larger than that of other Asterid species. Orthologous gene annotation also revealed the expansion ofβ-amyrin synthases(bASs) inP. grandiflorus, which was confirmed by tissue-specific gene expression. In these expanded gene families, we identified key genes showing preferential expression in roots and association with platycoside biosynthesis. In addition, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing showed thatCYP716andbASgenes are hypomethylated inP. grandiflorus, suggesting that epigenetic modification of these two gene families affects platycoside biosynthesis. Thus whole-genome, transcriptome, and methylome data ofP. grandiflorusprovide novel insights into the regulation of platycoside biosynthesis byCYP716andbASgene families.
Quantitative kinetics of intracellular singlet oxygen generation using a fluorescence probe
Authors: Murotomi Kazutoshi , Umeno Aya , Sugino Sakiko , Yoshida Yasukazu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSinglet oxygen (1O2) is a type of reactive oxygen species involved in numerous physiological activities. We previously reported that 1O2-specific oxidation products are increased in patients with prediabetes, suggesting that measurement of 1O2 may be an important indicator of physiological and pathological conditions. The turnover in the generation and quenching of 1O2 is extremely rapid during biological activities owing to it high reactivity and short lifetime in solution. However, the dynamic changes in 1O2 generation in living cells have not been fully explored. In this study, we investigated whether the kinetics of 1O2 generation can be quantified using a far-red fluorescent probe for mitochondrial 1O2, Si-DMA, following addition of the 1O2 generator, endoperoxide, to mammalian cells. The kinetics of Si-DMA fluorescence intensity dose-dependently increased following treatment of mammalian living cells with endoperoxide. Alternatively, treatment with 1O2 quenchers decreased the fluorescence intensities following endoperoxide treatment. Our results indicate that the kinetics of intracellular 1O2 can be readily obtained using Si-DMA and time-lapse imaging, which provides new insights into the mechanism of 1O2 generation in mammalian cells and the exploration of 1O2 generators and quenchers.
Direct ceramic coating of calcium phosphate doped with strontium via reactive growing integration layer method on α-Ti alloy
Authors: Huang Chi Huang , Yoshimura Masahiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA strontium (Sr)-doped hydroxyapatite-like coating was deposited on α-Ti alloy via the growing integration layer (GIL) method at various applied voltages. We added 0.03 M strontium hydroxide (Sr(OH)2·8H2O) to a solution containing calcium acetate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate to produce Sr-doped hydroxyapatite (Sr-HA) coatings. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of these coatings showed that all various features, such as average pore size, coating thickness, micro-hardness, and roughness, were similar to those of HA. As the voltage increased from 250 to 300 V, the amount of micro cracks decreased, and there were eliminated at 350 V. The SEM images also showed that the Sr-HA coatings were closely integrated with the alloy: without any gaps between the oxide layers and the alloy. In addition, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy verified the Sr integration from the bottom up. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed Sr-HA formation instead of calcium phosphate, even at the lowest voltage of 250 V. The value of Ecorr increased by 6.6% after raising the voltage from 250 to 350 V. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the adequate corrosion resistance of Sr-HA coatings, especially at the highest voltage of 350 V. In addition, the GIL treatment increased the layer resistance measured by Rp/Rc. Optimally, the GIL method used the highest voltage of 350 V to produce higher quality of Sr-HA-rich coatings.
Changes in cross-frequency coupling following closed-loop auditory stimulation in non-rapid eye movement sleep
Authors: Krugliakova Elena , Volk Carina , Jaramillo Valeria , Sousouri Georgia , Huber Reto 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRegional changes of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep delta and sigma activity, and their temporal coupling have been related to experience-dependent plastic changes during previous wakefulness. These sleep-specific rhythms seem to be important for brain recovery and memory consolidation. Recently, it was demonstrated that by targeting slow waves in a particular region at a specific phase with closed-loop auditory stimulation, it is possible to locally manipulate slow-wave activity and interact with training-induced neuroplastic changes. In our study, we tested whether closed-loop auditory stimulation targeting the up-phase of slow waves might not only interact with the main sleep rhythms but also with their coupling within the circumscribed region. We demonstrate that while closed-loop auditory stimulation globally enhances delta, theta and sigma power, changes in cross-frequency coupling of these oscillations were more spatially restricted. Importantly, a significant increase in delta-sigma coupling was observed over the right parietal area, located directly posterior to the target electrode. These findings suggest that closed-loop auditory stimulation locally modulates coupling between delta phase and sigma power in a targeted region, which could be used to manipulate sleep-dependent neuroplasticity within the brain network of interest.
Diagnostic performances and unnecessary US-FNA rates of various TIRADS after application of equal size thresholds
Authors: Huh Sun , Lee Hye Sun , Yoon Jiyoung , Kim Eun-Kyung , Moon Hee Jung , Yoon Jung Hyun , Park Vivian Youngjean , Kwak Jin Young 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe compared the diagnostic performances and unnecessary FNA rates of several guidelines and modified versions using the size threshold of the ACR TIRADS. Our Institutional Review Board approved this retrospective study and waived the requirement for informed consent and all methods were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. A total of 1,384 thyroid nodules in 1,301 patients with definitive cytopathologic findings were included. US categories were assigned according to each guideline. We applied the size threshold suggested by the ACR TIRADS for FNA to the Kwak, ATA and EU guidelines and defined these modified guidelines as the modified Kwak (mKwak), modified ATA (mATA) and modified EU (mEU) guidelines. Diagnostic performances and unnecessary FNA rates of all guidelines were evaluated. Of 1,384 thyroid nodules, 291 (21%) were malignant. Among the original guidelines, the ACR TIRADS had the highest specificity, accuracy, LR and AUC (62.2%, 66%, 2.128 and 0.713). The mKwak, mATA and mEU guidelines had higher specificity, accuracy, LR and AUC (P < 0.001 for all), and fewer unnecessary FNAs, compared with their original guidelines. Among all original and modified guidelines, the mKwak guideline had the highest specificity, accuracy, LR and AUC (64%, 68.6%, 2.389 and 0.75). The unnecessary FNA rate was the lowest with the mKwak guideline (61.1%). The highest sensitivity was observed with the ATA guideline (98.6%). After incorporating the size threshold of the ACR TIRADS to other TIRADS, all guidelines showed higher diagnostic accuracy and lower unnecessary FNA rates than their original versions. The mKwak guideline showed the best diagnostic performances.
Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) regulates post-myocardial infarction cardiac fibrosis through glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa (GRP78)
Authors: Lei Qian , Yi Tao , Li Hang , Yan Zhijie , Lv Zhan , Li Gerui , Wang Yanggan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAbnormal cardiac fibrosis indicates cardiac dysfunction and poor prognosis in myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Many studies have demonstrated that the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), a member of the UPS, is related to fibrosis in several heart diseases. However, whether UCHL1 regulates cardiac fibrosis following MI has yet to be determined. In the present study, we found that UCHL1 was dramatically increased in infarct hearts and TGF-β1-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). Inhibition of UCHL1 with LDN57444 (LDN) reversed the myocardial fibrosis in post-MI heart and improved cardiac function. Treatment of LDN or UCHL1 siRNA abolished the TGF-β1-induced fibrotic response of CFs. We further identified GRP78 as an interactor of UCHL1 through screening using immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometer. We determined that UCHL1 interacted with glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa (GRP78) and prompted GRP78 degradation via ubiquitination. Furthermore, we found that GRP78 was upregulated after UCHL1 knockdown and that the GRP78 inhibitor HA15 diminished the antifibrotic function exerted by UCHL1 knockdown in CFs stimulated with TGF-β1. This suggests that UCHL1 regulates cardiac fibrosis post MI through interactions with GRP78. This work identifies that the UCHL1-GRP78 axis is involved in cardiac fibrosis after MI.
The electronic structure, surface properties, and in situ N2O decomposition of mechanochemically synthesised LaMnO3
Authors: Blackmore Rachel H. , Rivas Maria Elena , Tierney George F. , Mohammed Khaled M. H. , Decarolis Donato , Hayama Shusaku , Venturini Federica , Held Georg , Arrigo Rosa , Amboage Monica , Hellier Pip , Lynch Evan , Amri Mahrez , Casavola Marianna , Eralp Erden Tugce , Collier Paul , Wells Peter P. 
Published: June 2020

This study reports the importance of advanced synchrotron techniques for understanding the effect of milling atmosphere, either air or argon, on mechanochemically prepared LaMnO3 and the catalytic performance towards N2O decomposition (deN2O).
Chromospheric activity of nearby Sun-like stars
Authors: Gondoin P. 
Published: June 2020

Context.The chromospheric emission in the cores of the Ca IIH & K lines of late-type dwarfs is a well known indicator of magnetic activity that decreases with increasing stellar age.Aims.I use this indicator to investigate the formation history of nearby G- and early K-type stars with origins at galactocentric distances similar to that of the region where the Sun was born.Methods.A parent sample of single main-sequence stars with near-solar metallicity and known magnetic activity levels is built from catalogues of stellar atmospheric parameters and chromospheric activity indices. A kinematical approach usesGaiaastrometric data to differentiate thin disc stars from thick disc stars. Measured distributions ofR′HKchromospheric activity indices are compared with Monte Carlo simulations based on an empirical model of chromospheric activity evolution.Results.The thin disc includes a significant fraction of Sun-like stars with intermediate activity levels (2 × 10−5≤R′HK≤ 6 × 10−5), while most early K- and G-type stars from the thick disc are inactive (R′HK< 2 × 10−5). The chromospheric activity distribution among nearby Sun-like dwarfs from the thin disc can be explained by a combination of an old (>6–7 Gyr) star formation event (or events) and a more recent (<3 Gyr) burst of star formation. Such an event is not required to account for theR′HKindex distributions of nearby thick disc stars.Conclusions.The distribution of magnetic activity among local G- and early K-type stars with a near-solar metallicity bears the imprint of an important star formation event that occurred ~1.9–2.6 Gyr ago in the thin disc of the Milky Way.
Die chronische koronare Herzkrankheit/das chronische Koronarsyndrom – Was
sagen die deutschen und die europäischen Leitlinien?
Authors: Werdan Karl , Müller-Werdan Ursula , Perings Stefan 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungVon der Volkskrankheit „koronare Herzkrankheit“ (KHK) ist jeder zehnte 40- bis
79-Jährige in Deutschland betroffen. Basierend auf den Leitlinien der Europäischen
Gesellschaft für Kardiologie zu chronischen Koronarsyndromen (CCS) und zur
Myokardrevaskularisation sowie der Nationalen VersorgungsLeitlinie (NVL) „Chronische
KHK“ werden evidenz- und expertenbasierte Empfehlungen zur Diagnosestellung sowie zur
Behandlung und Betreuung der KHK-/CCS-Patienten dargestellt, mit Fokus auf
nichtinvasive und invasive Myokardischämiediagnostik sowie medikamentöse und
myokardrevaskularisierende Maßnahmen. Voneinander abweichende Empfehlungen der
einzelnen Leitlinien in seltenen Fällen erweitern den Ermessensspielraum des Arztes.
Das Aufzeigen des Notwendigen und Angemessenen sind wesentliche Intentionen dieser
Leitlinien, mit dem Ziel, die Qualität der Patientenversorgung auf bestmöglichem
Niveau zu halten.
Medical Therapy of Acromegaly in Germany 2019 – Data from the
German Acromegaly Registry
Authors: Quinkler Marcus , Petroff David , Knappe Ulrich J. , Schopohl Jochen , Tönjes Anke , Schmid Sebastian M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Context Acromegaly is a rare disease caused by excessive growth hormone
(GH) secretion from pituitary adenomas in most cases. If neurosurgical therapy
is contraindicated or not sufficient, medical therapy is the second line
therapy.
Objective To describe current medical therapy in acromegaly.
Design & Methods Retrospective data analysis from 2732 patients
treated in 69 centers of the German Acromegaly Registry. 749 patients were seen
within the recent 18 months, of which 420 were on medical therapy
(56.1%).
Results 73% of medically treated acromegalic patients had
normal/low IGF-1 levels. 57% of patients with non-normalized
IGF-1 levels had an IGF-1 value between 1- and 1.25-fold above the upper limit
of normal. Most patients (55%) received somatostatin analogs as
monotherapy, 12% GH receptor monotherapy, and 9% dopamine
agonist therapy. Doses of each medical therapy varied widely, with 120 mg
lanreotide LAR every 4 weeks, 30 mg octreotide LAR every 4 weeks, 140 mg
pegvisomant per week and 1mg cabergoline per week being the most frequent used
regimens. A combination of different medical regimens was used in almost
25% of the patients.
Conclusion The majority of German acromegalic patients receiving medical
therapy are controlled according to normal IGF-1 levels.
Growth Patterns of Thai Children with Down Syndrome from Birth to 5 Years
Authors: Boontan Naiyana , Rojnueangnit Kitiwan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSpecific growth charts for children with Down syndrome (DS) have been developed in several countries, but not in Thailand. This pilot study aims to develop growth patterns for Thai children with DS, which will help clinicians to improve assessment and monitoring of the growth patterns for these children. A retrospective review of 80 children with DS who received care at Thammasat University Hospital between 2014 and 2018 was conducted. A total of 1,681 length/height and weight measurements were collected. Four sex-specific growth patterns of length/height and weight were generated with the fifth, 50th, and 95th percentile. The children with DS were lower in weight and shorter than general Thai children and children with DS in other countries. Therefore, each country should develop individual DS growth charts.
Maternal Gestational Weight Gain in Relation to Antidepressant Continuation in Pregnancy
Authors: Wartko Paige D. , Weiss Noel S. , Enquobahrie Daniel A. , Chan Kwun Chuen Gary , Stephenson-Famy Alyssa , Mueller Beth A. , Dublin Sascha 
Published: June 2020

Objective Both excessive and inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with adverse health outcomes for the woman and her child. Antidepressant use in pregnancy could affect GWG, based on evidence in nonpregnant women that some antidepressants may cause weight gain and others weight loss. Previous studies of antidepressant use and GWG were small with limited ability to account for confounding, including by maternal mental health status and severity. We assessed the association of antidepressant continuation in pregnancy with GWG among women using antidepressants before pregnancy.
Study Design Our retrospective cohort study included singleton livebirths from 2001 to 2014 within Kaiser Permanente Washington, an integrated health care system. Data were obtained from electronic health records and linked Washington State birth records. Among women with ≥1 antidepressant fill within 6 months before pregnancy, women who filled an antidepressant during pregnancy were considered “continuers;” women without a fill were “discontinuers.” We calculated mean differences in GWG and relative risks (RR) of inadequate and excessive weight gain based on Institute of Medicine guidelines. Using inverse probability of treatment weighting with generalized estimating equations, we addressed differences in maternal characteristics, including mental health conditions.
Results Among the 2,887 births, 1,689 (59%) were to women who continued antidepressants in pregnancy and 1,198 (42%) were to discontinuers. After accounting for confounding, continuers had similar weight gain to those who discontinued (mean difference: 1.3 lbs, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.1 to 2.8 lbs) and similar risks of inadequate and excessive GWG (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.80–1.14 and RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98–1.14, respectively). Findings were comparable for specific antidepressants and trimesters of exposure.
Conclusion We did not find evidence that continuation of antidepressants in pregnancy led to differences in GWG.
Key Points