bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ticks and associated pathogens in camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Riyadh province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Abdullah Daria , Nguyen Viet Linh , Alyousif Mohamed Saleh , Manoj Ranju Ravindran Santhakumari , Alouffi Abdulaziz Saleh , Donato Ridolfi , Sazmand Alireza , Mendoza-Roldan Jairo Alfonso , Dantas-Torres Filipe , Otranto Domenico 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Camel production in Saudi Arabia is severely affected by various diseases and by inadequate veterinary services. Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) represent a major threat to the health of camels consequently affecting their productivity and performances. In addition, camels may act as hosts for TBPs (e.g. Anaplasma phagocytophilum ) causing diseases in humans. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of ixodid ticks and molecularly investigate the associated pathogens in camels from Saudi Arabia. Methods Blood and tick samples were collected from camels (n=170) in Riyad Province of Saudi Arabia. Ticks were morphologically identified and blood of camels were molecularly screened for apicomplexan (i.e. Babesia spp ., Theileria spp., Hepatozoon spp.) and rickettsial parasites (i.e. Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp.). Results Of the 170 camels examined, 116 (68.2%; 95% CI: 60.9–75.1) were infested by ticks with a mean intensity of 2.53 (95% CI =2.4–2.6). In total of 296 ticks collected, Hyalomma dromedarii was the most prevalent (76.4%), followed by Hyalomma impeltatum (23.3%) and Hyalomma excavatum (0.3%). Of the tested animals, 13 (7.6%; 95% CI: 4.3–12.8) scored positive to at least one TBP, with Anaplasma platys (5.3%; 95% CI: 2.7–9.9) being the most prevalent species, followed by Anaplasma phagocytophilum , Anaplasma sp., Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis (0.6% each; 95% CI: 0.04–3.4). None of the camels were found to be co-infected with more than one pathogen. All samples tested negative for Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. Conclusions Current study reveals the occurrence of different tick species and tick-borne pathogens in camels from Saudi Arabia. Importantly, these camels may carry A. phagocytophilum and A. platys , representing a potential risk to humans.
The association between climate, geography and respiratory syncitial virus hospitalizations among children in Ontario, Canada: a population-based study
Authors: Radhakrishnan Dhenuka , Ouedraogo Alexandra , Shariff Salimah Z. , McNally Dayre , Benchimol Eric I. , Clemens Kristin K. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of hospitalization in young children in Canada, despite routine immunoprophylaxis in those with medical risk factors. We aimed to determine if cold temperatures are associated with RSV hospitalization. Methods: We conducted a population-based nested case–control study of children in Ontario, Canada, using health administrative data. We compared children hospitalized for RSV between September 1, 2011 and August 31, 2012 to age and sex matched controls. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify associations between minimum daily temperature and RSV hospitalizations with adjustment for sociodemographic and environmental factors. Results: We identified 1670 children with RSV hospitalizations during the study period and 6680 matched controls. Warmer temperatures (OR=0.94, 95%CI: 0.93, 0.95) were associated with lower odds of RSV hospitalization. Southern ecozone (OR=1.6, 95%CI: 1.2, 2.1), increased ozone concentration (OR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.06) and living in a lower income neighbourhood (OR=1.3, 95%CI: 1.1, 1.5) significantly increased the odds of RSV hospitalization, as did living in a household with a larger number of siblings in a sub-cohort of children (OR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.26, 1.41). Conclusions: In Ontario, the likelihood of having an RSV hospitalization is associated with colder temperature exposures and socioeconomic factors.
Interpretation and content validity of the items of the numeric rating version Short-WORC to evaluate outcomes in management of rotator cuff pathology: A cognitive interview approach.
Authors: Furtado Rochelle , MacDermid Joy C , Bryant Dianne , Faber Kenneth J , Athwal George S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The shortened version of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (Short-WORC) is a patient reported outcome measure that evaluates quality of life (QoL) of patients with rotator cuff pathology. However, formal content validation of the full or Short-WORC has not been reported. This study aims to understand how 1) people interpret and calibrate responses to items on the Short-WORC and 2) compensatory strategies that might enhance function and thereby affect responses.

Methods: This study uses cognitive interviewing, a qualitative methodology that focuses on the interpretation of questionnaire items. Patients with rotator cuff disorders (n=10), clinicians (n=6) and measurement researchers (n=10) were interviewed using a talk aloud structured interview that evaluated each of the 7 items of the Short-WORC. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim by one researcher (R.F). Analysis was done through an open coding scheme using a previously established framework.

Results: Overall, the items on the Short-WORC were well received by participants. Through the interviews, the 6 themes of: Comprehension, Inadequate response definition, Reference Point, Relevance, Perspective Modifiers and Calibration Across Items emerged. The items of working above the shoulder (90%), compensating with the unaffected arm (88%) and lifting heavy objects (92%) were the most relevant to participants. Participants calibrated their scores on the items of sleeping and styling (19%) the most. Perspective modifiers of gender, influenced the calibrations of items of styling your hair (30%) and dressing or undressing (19%). Compensatory strategies of task-re allocation and using assistive devices/resources were frequently mentioned by participants. Overall, participants had minor comprehension issues, but found the 7- items of the Short-WORC to be relevant to QoL.

Conclusions: Therefore, the findings demonstrate that the Short-WORC is not cognitively complex, but varies with patient perspectives. Overall, the Short-WORC provides evidence of demonstrating strong content validity when used for rotator cuff disorder patients.
Substance P Induces Sympathetic Immune Response in the Contralateral Eye after the First Eye Cataract Surgery in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Gong Xianhui , Ren Yueping , Pan Wenjie , Zheng Jingwei , Fang Xiuxiu , Cai Junyong , Song E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Substance P (SP) is a nociceptive tachykinin which regulates the immune inflammatory reactions including monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) production. Sequential second-eye cataract surgery patients often suffer more pain than the first one partly because of the MCP-1 increase in aqueous humor (AH). This study aims to illustrate whether SP is involved in sympathetic inflammatory responses in the contralateral eye in patients with or without type 2 diabetes. Methods: This prospective randomized clinical study included 51 cataract patients (22 with diabetes and 29 without). Bilateral sequential cataract surgeries were conducted with 1-day or 1-week interval randomly. More than 100 µl of AH were obtained before surgery and stored for later analysis using magnetic Luminex assays to detect interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1ra,IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, MCP-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, spinal macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1a), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted (RANTES), as well as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for SP. Results: Among the 4 groups with 1-day or 1-week intervals, and of the 51 cataract patients with or without diabetes, no significant differences were found in age, sex distribution, the R/L ration of the first surgery eye, or the lens nucleus hardness (P ≥ 0.802). Over 100 µl of AH samples were collected safely in all cases without intraoperative complications. SP and MCP-1 levels were both increased significantly in the second eye of the diabetic patients with 1-day and 1-week interval ( P ≤ 0.040). The SP increase in the second eye of the diabetic patients were significantly higher than that of the patients without diabetes ( P ≤ 0.030) both in the groups with 1-day and 1-week interval. Similarly, the MCP-1 increase was significantly higher in the diabetic patients in the group with 1-week interval (P = 0.042). Conclusions: Substance P and MCP-1 productions elevated in the AH of the contralateral eye after the first-eye cataract surgery in diabetic patients, indicating that SP and MCP-1 were involved in the sympathetic inflammatory responses. Diabetic patients are susceptible to noninfectious inflammation after cataract surgery, and perceive more pain in the second-eye phacoemulsification.
Performance of Malaria Microscopy External Quality Assessment and networking among Health Facilities in West Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Tegegne Banchamlak , Ejigu Kefale , Alemu Getaneh , Fetene Yeshimebet , Endaylalu Kindye , Melese Mulatu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: In most health facilities, microscopic examination of peripheral blood smears is performed for definitive diagnosis of malaria. Despite it produces reliable results about both the infection status and level of parasitemia, microscopic examination of malaria is affected by skill of the laboratory personnel, workload, condition of microscopes and quality of laboratory supplies. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the performance of laboratories is critical in order to make timely corrections. Objective: To assess malaria microscopy performance of diagnostic laboratories in west Amhara region.Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to July 2019 among thirty malaria diagnostic laboratories in west Amhara region. Thirty slides were collected from participating laboratories every quarter. Collected slides were taken to Amhara Public Health Institute (APHI) reference laboratory and re-checked by malaria microscopist who were blind to the results from health facilities. Percentage of test agreement, rates of false positive, false negative and species misdiagnosis were calculated using Excel 2010.Results: Among a total of 6689 slides re-examined, results of 6146 slides were the same with that of participating laboratories to give a test agreement of 97.31% and 94.6% in parasite detection and species identification, respectively. Variations in the overall performance of individual laboratories were seen within a range of 81.55% to 97.27% test agreement. Results of 543 (8.12%) slides were discordant, of which 363 (5.4%), 93 (1.4%) and 87 (1.3%) were due to species misdiagnosis, false positive and false negative results, respectively. Conclusion: There was good test agreement between participated laboratories and APHI laboratory. More accurate performance is expected as the country is tracking to malaria elimination. Hence, strengthening the EQA program by integrating rechecking with onsite evaluation is recommended.K
PGRMC1 phosphorylation affects cell shape, motility, glycolysis, mitochondrial form and function, and tumor growth
Authors: Thejer Bashar M. , Adhikary Partho P. , Kaur Amandeep , Teakel Sarah L. , Oosterum Ashleigh Van , Seth Ishith , Pajic Marina , Hannan Katherine M. , Pavy Megan , Poh Perlita , Jazayeri Jalal A , Zaw Thiri , Pascovici Dana , Ludescher Marina , Pawlak Michael , Cassano Juan C. , Turnbull Lynne , Jazayeri Mitra , James Alexander C. , Coorey Craig P. , Roberts Tara L. , Kinder Simon J. , Hannan Ross D. , Patrick Ellis , Molloy Mark P. , J. Elizabeth , Fehm Tanja N. , Neubauer Hans , Goldys Ewa M. , Weston Leslie A. , CAHILL Michael 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is expressed in many cancer cells, where it is associated with detrimental patient outcomes. It contains phosphorylated tyrosines which evolutionarily preceded deuterostome gastrulation and tissue differentiation mechanisms. Results: We demonstrate that manipulating PGRMC1 phosphorylation status in MIA PaCa-2 (MP) cells imposes broad pleiotropic effects. Relative to parental cells over-expressing hemagglutinin-tagged wild-type (WT) PGRMC1-HA, cells expressing a PGRMC1-HA-S57A/S181A double mutant (DM) exhibited reduced levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, and altered glucose metabolism suggesting modulation of the Warburg effect. This was associated with increased PI3K/Akt activity, altered cell shape, actin cytoskeleton, motility, and mitochondrial properties. An S57A/Y180F/S181A triple mutant (TM) indicated the involvement of Y180 in PI3K/Akt activation. Mutation of Y180F strongly attenuated subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in NOD-SCID gamma mice. Elsewhere we demonstrate altered metabolism, mutation incidence, and epigenetic status in these cells. Conclusions: Altogether, these results indicate that mutational manipulation of PGRMC1 phosphorylation status exerts broad pleiotropic effects relevant to cancer and other cell biology.
Effectiveness of circular external fixator in periprosthetic fractures around the knee
Authors: Nozaka Koji , Miyakoshi Naohisa , Hongo Michio , Kasukawa Yuji , Saito Hidetomo , Kijima Hiroaki , Tsuchie Hiroyuki , Mita Motoki , Shimada Yoichi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The incidence of periprosthetic fractures after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is rising due to an increasing number of TJAs performed annually and the growing elderly population. In many elderly patients with periprosthetic fractures, the bone strength is lowered due to the deterioration of bone quality and a decrease in bone quantity; rigid fixation of the fracture is difficult. It is a challenging operation for orthopedic surgeons. The usefulness of circular external fixation for periprosthetic fractures has been reported in several case studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of union and complications associated with circular external fixation in periprosthetic fractures around the knee. Methods: We included 19 patients with periprosthetic femur and tibial fractures who underwent osteosynthesis using a circular external fixator and had at least 2 years of follow-up. All patients had comorbidities and high risks associated with anesthesia. Tourniquets were not used in any of the patients. There were no cases in which the skin incision was placed, and the closed reduction technique was used in all cases.　Results: A 100% union rate was achieved with no serious complications. All fractures healed after a mean time of 14.3±5.2 weeks (range, 8-38 weeks). The walking ability was the same level as before the injury in 13 cases. Discussion: There are many comorbidities associated with periprosthetic fractures in elderly patients. Double-plate or revision surgery were largely invasive and had high risks associated with anesthesia. Circular external fixation is a feasible and effective treatment option because it provides stable fixation, prompt postoperative mobilization, and has no major complications, especially in elderly patients who are treated for periprosthetic fractures Conclusion: Circular external fixation is a safe and reliable method for periprosthetic fractures around the knee in elderly patients. Level of evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series Key words: circular external fixation, periprosthetic fractures around the knee, union rate, walking level, closed reduction technique
Diagnostic accuracy of perioperative electromyography in the positioning of pedicle screws in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treatment: a cross-sectional diagnostic study
Authors: Barsotti Carlos Eduardo , Gavassi Bruno Moreira , Prado Francisco Eugenio , Batista Bernardo Nogueira , Pratali Raphael de Resende , Ribeiro Ana Paula , de Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Soares , Ferreira Ricardo Rodrigues 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate in the conventional techniques of the pedicle screws using triggered screw electromyography (t-EMG), considering different threshold cutoffs: 10, 15, 20 25 mA, for predicting pedicle screw positioning during surgery of the adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods: Sixteen patients (4 males, 12 females, average age 16.6 years) were included, with an average curve magnitude of 50 degrees and placement of 226 pedicle screws. Each screw was classified as “at risk for nerve injury” (ARNI) or “no risk for nerve injury” (NRNI) using CT and the diagnostic accuracy of EMG considering different threshold cutoffs (10,15, 20 and 25 mA) in the axial and Sagittal planes for predicting screw positions ARNI was investigated. Results: The EMG exam accuracy, in the axial plane, 90.3% screws were considered NRNI. In the sagittal plane, 81% pedicle screws were considered NRNI. A 1-mA decrease in the EMG threshold was associated with a 12% increase in the odds of the screw position ARNI. In the axial and sagittal planes, the ORs were 1.09 and 1.12, respectively. At every threshold cutoff evaluated, the PPV of EMG for predicting screws ARNI was very low in the different threshold cutoff (10 and 15); the highest PPV was 18% with a threshold cutoff of 25 mA. The PPV was always slightly higher for predicting screws ARNI in the sagittal plane than in the axial plane. In contrast, there was a moderate to high NPV (78%-93%) for every cutoff analyzed. Conclusions: EMG had a moderate to high accuracy for positive predicting value screws ARNI with increase threshold cutoffs of 20 and 25 mA. In addition, showed to be effective for minimizing false-negative screws ARNI in the different threshold cutoffs of the EMG in adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
Exploratory Analysis of Retracted Cardiovascular Diseases Publications
Authors: Badreldin Hisham , Ghawaa Yazeed , Alshehri Abdulmajeed , Alzaharani Mohammed , Almubarak Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background There is a lack of studies that examine the nature of retraction in the discipline of cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research was, therefore, to report comprehensively on the nature and trend of retracted cardiovascular disease publications.Methods Medline (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Retraction Watch databases were utilized to identify retracted publications on cardiovascular diseases from a database-specific inception date to June 10, 2019.Results A total of 568 publications met our eligibility criteria. With regard to the first author’s continent of affiliation, the majority of retracted publications 251 (44.1%) originated from Asia. In 2000, the number of retracted publications began to trend up, and it peaked in 2015, with 76 (13.4%) publications being retracted that year. The mean number of times a publication was cited prior to retraction was 37 times, with a standard deviation of 76. Basic science publications and animal studies represented almost 43% of the total retracted publications relating to cardiovascular disease. Misconduct was the main reason for retractions in 249 (43.3%) publications, followed by scientific error by authors, 215 (37.8%). Almost 61% of the retracted studies were present in their intact form, with no watermark indicating retraction. Conclusions The trend of retracting publications within the field of cardiovascular diseases is increasing. Certain papers are still being cited even after retraction. Moreover, a significant number of retracted publications are still present with no watermark indicating retraction. The consequences of the continued usage of these retracted publications could be detrimental and harmful.
Risky sexual behavior and associated factors among adolescents at high schools in Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Srah Mengesha , Tirfeneh Enguday 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: World Health Organization has documented many health risks and complications secondary to unprotected sexual activity among adolescents. Even though the impact of risky sexual practice on the general health of adolescents is enormous, little attention has been given on identification and intervention plans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find magnitude of risky sexual behavior and associated factors among adolescents in high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods: we conducted a facility-based cross-sectional study at Aksum town. A systematic random sampling technique was applied. Data was collected with face to face interview and analyzed using statistical package for social science version 22. we have done bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Adjusted Odds ratio at a p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance. Result: A total of 644 students were participated with a response rate of 97.7%. Prevalence of risky sexual behavior was found to be 17.2%. Factors like poor social support [AOR=5.59, 95% CI: 2.71-11.53], living out of family [AOR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.21-3.07], experiencing parental neglect [AOR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.18-2.94] and drinking alcohol [AOR=2.55, 95% CI: 1.55-4.20] were statistically associated with risky sexual behavior. Conclusion: An alarming proportion of adolescent students have participated in risky sexual behavior. This can significantly affect health quality in the community and the country at large. Factors, like having poor social support, living out of the family, experiencing parental neglect and using alcoholic beverages are risk factors that increase the odds of risky sexual behavior among adolescent students.
WHO Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS) Extension for Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020: Recommendations, Explanation, and Elaboration
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Lan Liang , Chan Jacky CP , Zhong Linda LD , Cheng Chung-Wah , Lam Wai-Ching , Tian Ran , Zhao Chen , Wu Tai-Xiang , Shang Hong-Cai , Lyu Ai-Ping , Bian Zhaoxiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Although the WHO Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS) has been published for many years, the quality of clinical trial registrations with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is still not satisfactory, especially about the inadequate reporting on TCM interventions. The development of the WHO TRDS for TCM Extension 2020 (WHO TRDS-TCM 2020) aims to address this inadequacy.
Methods: A group of clinical experts, methodologists, epidemiologists, and editors has developed this WHO TRDS-TCM 2020 through a comprehensive process, including publication of the literature review, consensus collection of the initial items, three-round of Delphi survey, solicitation of comments, revision, and finalization.
Results: The WHO TRDS-TCM 2020 statement extends the latest version (V.1.3.1) of TRDS published in November 2017. The checklist includes 11 extended items (including subitems), namely Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support (Item 4), Scientific Title (Item 10a and 10b), Countries of Recruitment (Item 11), Health Condition(s) or Problem(s) Studied (Item 12), Intervention(s) (Item 13a, 13b and 13c), Key Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria (Item 14), Primary and Key Secondary Outcomes (Item 19 to 20), and Lay Summary (Item B1). For Item 13 (Interventions), three common TCM interventions--i.e., Chinese herbal medicine formulas, acupuncture and moxibustion—are elaborated.
Conclusions: The group hopes that the WHO TRDS-TCM 2020 can improve the reporting quality and transparency of TCM trial registrations, assist registries in assessing the registration quality of TCM trials, and help readers understand TCM trial design.