bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review on lagged associations in climate–health studies
Authors: Wang Pin , Zhang Xuyi , Hashizume Masahiro , Goggins William B , Luo Chao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Lagged associations in climate–health studies have already been ubiquitously acknowledged in recent years. Despite extensive time-series models having proposed accounting for lags, few studies have addressed the question of maximum-lag specification, which could induce considerable deviations of effect estimates.

Methods
We searched the PubMed and Scopus electronic databases for existing climate–health literature in the English language with a time-series or case-crossover study design published during 2000–2019 to summarize the statistical methodologies and reported lags of associations between climate variables and 14 common causes of morbidity and mortality. We also aggregated the results of the included studies by country and climate zone.

Results
The associations between infectious-disease outcomes and temperatures were found to be lagged for ∼1–2 weeks for influenza, 3–6 weeks for diarrhoea, 7–12 weeks for malaria and 6–16 weeks for dengue fever. Meanwhile, the associations between both cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and hot temperatures lasted for &lt;5 days, whereas the associations between cardiovascular diseases and cold temperatures were observed to be 10–20 days. In addition, rainfall showed a 4- to 10-week lagged association with infectious diarrheal diseases, whereas the association could be further delayed to 8–12 weeks for vector-borne diseases.

Conclusion
Our findings indicated some general patterns for possible lagged associations between some common health outcomes and climatic exposures, and suggested a necessity for a biologically plausible and reasonable definition of the effect lag in the modelling practices for future environmental epidemiological studies.
Regulating innovation in the early development of cell therapies
Authors: Exley Andrew R , McBlane James 
Published: December 2020

Summary
Clinical need for paradigm shifts in efficacy and safety is driving the rapid and wide-ranging innovation in cell therapies for cancer beyond existing regulatory frameworks. Critical issues emerging during clinical trials frequently reflect unresolved elements of the regulation of innovation conundrum from earlier stages of development. We address this challenge using a global regulators’ perspective on the preclinical development of cell therapies, as a navigational aid to intended commercial use which maximises the clinical relevance of developmental data. We examine the implications of tumour targeting based on B cell, natural killer cell, conventional and unconventional T cell receptor domains; multiplex approaches; genetic manipulation strategies; and autologous versus allogeneic cell sources. We propose that detailed characterisation of both the cell source and final product is critical to optimising manufacture of individualised autologous or off the shelf allogeneic cell therapies, enabling product consistency to underpin extrapolation of clinical trial data to the expected commercial use. We highlight preclinical approaches to characterising target antigens including the Human Cell Atlas initiative, multi-dimensional cell culture, and safety testing against activated, proliferating or stressed control cells. Practical solutions are provided for preclinical toxicity studies when cell therapies target uniquely human tumour antigens, including illustrative mitigation measures for potential toxicity likely to support timely approval of first-in-human clinical trials. We recommend addressing the regulation of innovation conundrum through serial engagement between innovators and regulators early in the development of cell therapies for cancer, accelerating patient access while safeguarding against unacceptable toxicities.
A Pilot Study of Human Papillomavirus Detection in Urine Using a Novel Nucleic Acid Amplification Test
Authors: Marcus Jenna Z , Abedin Yasmin , Pierz Amanda J , Taveras Yanille , Sollecito Christopher C , Parmar Heta , Burk Robert D , Castle Philip E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is the standard-of-care for cervical cancer screening globally. Urine is a promising alternative to collecting a cervical specimen during a pelvic exam for HPV testing. There are no studies to date of HPV testing of urine using the Xpert HPV test.

Methods
We conducted a pilot study of 40 women; 30 women undergoing colposcopy because of a previous abnormality and 10 undergoing routine screening, to evaluate HPV detection in urine by the Xpert HPV test on the GeneXpert platform. Xpert HPV testing of urine was done according to the manufacturer’s instructions for testing cervical specimens. These results were compared to a reference of combined results of 2 research HPV genotyping tests conducted on cervical specimens and to repeat Xpert HPV testing of urine.

Results
Analytic sensitivity and specificity of Xpert testing of urine for any high-risk HPV versus the cervical sample, categorized as HPV positive if at least 1 test was positive, were 64.3% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]  = 42.1–76.1%) and 100% (97.5%CI = 71.5–100%), respectively. Analytic sensitivity and specificity of Xpert testing of urine for any high-risk HPV versus the cervical sample, categorized as positive if both tests were positive, were 66.7% (95%CI = 44.7–84.4%) and 86.7% (95%CI = 59.5–98.3%), respectively. Kappa values for first vs. second and first vs. third testing of urine by Xpert were 0.89 (95%CI = 0.79–1.00) and 0.90 (95%CI = 0.81–1.00), respectively.

Discussion
Given the call for global elimination of cervical cancer and widespread availability of GeneXpert, optimizing Xpert HPV testing of urine may be warranted.
Comparison of performance of F1 Romanov crossbred ewes with wool and hair breeds during fall lambing and body weight and longevity through six production years
Authors: Murphy Thomas W , Freking Brad A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate wool (Dorset and Rambouillet) and hair (Dorper, Katahdin, and White Dorper) breeds for their ability to complement Romanov germplasm in an annual fall lambing system by estimating direct maternal grandsire and sire breed effects on economically important lamb and ewe traits. After 3 yr of evaluation under spring lambing, ewes of the five F1 types were transitioned to spring mating, exposed to composite terminal sires, and evaluated under a barn lambing system at 4, 5, and 6 yr of age. A total of 527 first generation crossbred (F1) ewes produced 1,151 litters and 2,248 lambs from 1,378 May exposures. After accounting for differences in dam age, birth type, and sex, lamb survival to weaning was unaffected by maternal grandsire breed (P = 0.30). However, lambs born to 50% Dorset (16.8 ± 0.21 kg) or 50% White Dorper ewes (16.8 ± 0.28 kg) were heavier at weaning than those born to 50% Katahdin dams (13.8 ± 0.32 kg; P &lt; 0.001). Additionally, lambs born to 50% Dorset ewes were heavier than those born to 50% Rambouillet (16.0 ± 0.22 kg) and 50% Dorper ewes (15.7 ± 0.33; P ≤ 0.03), but no other pairwise maternal grandsire breed differences were observed (P ≥ 0.06). Ewe body weight (n = 3,629) was recorded prior to each of six possible mating seasons and, across ages, was greatest for Dorset- and Rambouillet-sired ewes (56.7 ± 0.44 and 56.5 ± 0.45 kg, respectively), intermediate for Dorper- and White Dorper-sired ewes (54.7 ± 0.78 and 54.1 ± 0.64 kg, respectively), and least for Katahdin-sired ewes (51.5 ± 0.45 kg). Fertility after spring mating (0.80 ± 0.03 to 0.87 ± 0.02), litter size at birth (1.46 ± 0.09 to 1.71 ± 0.07), and litter size at weaning (1.25 ± 0.06 to 1.46 ± 0.06) were not impacted by sire breed (P ≥ 0.16). Ewe longevity, assessed as the probability of being present after 6 production years, was also not affected by sire breed (0.39 ± 0.03 to 0.47 ± 0.03; P = 0.44). Rambouillet-sired ewes weaned more total weight of lamb (21.5 ± 0.94 kg) than Katahdin-sired ewes (17.8 ± 0.94 kg; P = 0.05), but no other sire breed differences were detected (P ≥ 0.07). Results demonstrated that incorporating the Romanov into a crossbreeding system is a practical means of improving out-of-season ewe productivity.
The effect of life history events on carcass merit and price of cull dairy cows
Authors: Moreira Ligia C , Passafaro Tiago L , Schaefer Daniel M , Rosa Guilherme J M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cull dairy cows contribute almost 10% of national beef production in the United States. However, different factors throughout the life of dairy cows affect their weight and overall body condition as well as carcass traits, and consequently affect their market price. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: (1) to assess relationships between price ratio and carcass merit of cull dairy cows sold through several sites of an auction market and (2) to investigate the effect of animal life history events and live weight on sale barn price (BP) and price ratio (as a measure of relative price), as an indicator of carcass merit. Data from 4 dairy operations included 3,602 cull dairy cow records during the period of 2015 to 2019. Life history events data were collected from each dairy operation through Dairy Comp software; live weight and price were obtained periodically from the auction market, and the carcass data were provided by a local packing plant. Cow price in dollars per unit of live weight ($/cwt) and price ratio were the 2 outcome variables used in the analyses. Price ratio was created aiming to remove seasonality effects from BP (BP divided by the national average price for its respective month and year of sale). The association between price ratio and carcass merit traits was investigated using canonical correlation analysis, and the effect of life history events on both BP and price ratio was inferred using a multiple linear regression technique. More than 70% of the cows were culled in the first 3 lactations, with an average live weight of 701.5 kg, carcass weight of 325 kg, and dressing percentage of 46.3%. On average, cull cows were sold at $57.0/cwt during the period considered. The canonical correlation between price ratio and carcass merit traits was 0.76, indicating that price ratio reflected carcass merit of cull cows. Later lactations led to lower BP compared with cows culled during the first 2 lactations. Injury, and leg and feet problems negatively affected BP. Productive variables demonstrated that the greater milk production might lead to lower cow prices. A large variation between farms was also noted. In conclusion, price ratio was a good indicator of carcass merit of cull cows, and life history events significantly affected sale BP and carcass merit of cull cows sold through auction markets.
Adulticidal Efficacy and Sublethal Effects of Metofluthrin in Residual Insecticide Blends Against Wild Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Bibbs Christopher S , Kaufman Phillip E , Xue Rui-De 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Field development for optimizing the use patterns of spatial repellents are an ongoing research need. To investigate volatile pyrethroids in blends containing multiple active ingredients, metofluthrin was formulated into a vegetation spray for application to foliage and mosquito harborage. Metofluthrin was compared by itself and in combination with Sector (permethrin), Hyperion (sumithrin), Onslaught Fast Cap (s-fenvalerate, prallethrin), and against a benchmark for comparison, OneGuard (λ-cyhalothrin, prallethrin, pyriproxyfen). Field sites with established Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) populations were allocated as control and treatment and surveilled with both adult traps and oviposition cups before and after treatment. Adult mosquito reductions were consistently higher over 4 wk in the combination treatments and were comparable to OneGuard. In contrast, efficacy provided by metofluthrin alone or the standalone existing product (Sector, Hyperion, Onslaught) by were consistently less effective than OneGuard and the comparative blends. Additionally, poorly melanized and collapsing eggs were identified from mosquito adults collected at treated field sites. A 20–50% significant decrease in nonviable mosquito eggs, a 50% or more reduction in total eggs and an 80% or more reduction in adult mosquitoes collected at the local field sites was demonstrated across all metofluthrin-containing treatments. Metofluthrin applications both supplemented the adulticidal control of the selected pyrethroid-containing products and provided significant reduction in egg laying frequency and viability during monitoring of areas adjacent to the treated vegetation. Metofluthrin, and possibly other volatile ingredients, appears to have complex interactions for mosquito control in the field and could be unique as a supporting ingredient to other insecticides.
Can Trade Taxes be a Major Source of Government Revenue?
Authors: Lashkaripour Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The tariff-for-revenue argument has been invoked repeatedly in recent years to justify protectionism. It is motivated by the belief that a country with market power can use trade taxes to raise revenue from foreign consumers and producers. This paper develops a new sufficient statistics methodology to evaluate this claim for a wide range of countries. I show that (a) even large countries have limited market power. (b) So, before retaliation by trading partners, the average country can beneficially replace only 16% of its domestic tax revenues with trade taxes. (c) After retaliation, however, 50% of the collected trade tax revenues disappear, governments are forced to increase domestic taxes to counter their shrinking tax base, and real gross domestic product drops across-the-board by an average of 7%. On the flip side, these findings indicate (d) the gains from multilateral trade agreements are also 30% larger once we account for the fiscal cost of trade wars.
Estimation of shallow subsurface S-wave velocity structure in urban area based on inversion of apparent dispersion curve
Authors: You Zhiwei , Xu Peifen , Ling Suqun , Du Yanan , Zhang Ruohan , Yao Jin , Zhang Hua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDue to its efficiency, convenience, non-destructive nature and strong anti-interference capability, the microtremor survey method (MSM) has found wide applications in urban geological surveys. The spatial autocorrelation method is diffusely applied to extract the dispersion curves from microtremor signals, which needs to satisfy the assumption that the energy of the fundamental Rayleigh wave is dominant. However, for layered media containing a layer with a significant low- or high-velocity contrast, this assumption is distinctly incorrect for certain frequency ranges. We present a processing methodology comprising the extraction and inversion of the apparent dispersion curves based on extended spatial autocorrelation method and fast simulated-annealing algorithm. We analyse synthetic microtremor signals for three selected geological models, and then compare the S-wave velocity structures estimated from their inversions with the actual models. Subsequently, a filed data example is given to detect the shallow stratigraphic structures in Guangzhou city, China, in which the new MSM was used. The estimated two-dimensional S-wave velocity model provided an accurate description of the thickness and depth of the strata in the study area, based on a priori information. Moreover, the S-wave velocity structures estimated from the MSM and the results from the drilling match very well, indicating that MSM is a reliable geophysical technique in urban geological surveys. Combined with available borehole information, MSM can be a very robust and effective method for detecting the shallow three-dimensional velocity structures in an urban area.
Henry Clay Frick and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston: the blockbuster exhibition of 1910
Authors: Scott Nancy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
November 1909 the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston inaugurated its second home, in a grand neoclassical-style building, and premiered innovative exhibition designs based on research in European museums. Henry Clay Frick soon displayed fifty of his paintings in the museum’s Old Masters gallery – the only occasion in his lifetime that he would lend such an expansive selection of paintings from his collection to a civic museum. Archival discoveries offer a reconstruction of the historic moment that brought together the new Boston museum, Frick’s paintings and an engaged public, shaping Frick’s vision of his collection’s legacy.
Examining the power of the social imaginary through competing narratives of data ownership in health research
Authors: Sorbie Annie , Gueddana Wifak , Laurie Graeme , Townend David 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
This article explores the social imaginary in the context of data ownership and the (non-)delivery of the data sharing revolution in biomedicine. We contribute to this special issue on imaginaries by developing a method and paradigm of ‘competing narratives’. Despite multiple initiatives to encourage health data sharing, and a strong ‘open access’ agenda, the data sharing revolution is not yet delivered. Ownership is persistently (though inconsistently) presented as a barrier to data sharing. However, existing literature does not reveal how far appeals to ownership are part of the problem. This paper reports original, interdisciplinary research asking: in health research, in what ways, if at all, do notions of ownership (broadly conceived) of health-related data impact on sharing practices? Doctrinal and empirical research methods are used to expose evidence of drivers behind appeals to ownership in health data sharing. The findings speak to how funders and data custodians can better tailor existing and potential data sharing initiatives to perspectives and behaviors. The concept of ‘my data’ is important: notions of reward, opportunity, control, and safeguarding establish legitimate, potentially competing ‘ownership’ interests in data. In particular, this research raises questions about the long-term effectiveness of an open access ideology that ignores these subtleties. In conclusion we find power in the social imaginary of ownership with respect to biomedical data; however, that power emerges and is enacted in unexpected ways by multiple actors within the ecosystem, often driven by competing narratives about what is at stake. Importantly, formal legal property-type appeals to ownership appear to have far less power in the narratives about data than the ethical and social concerns that underpin responsible biomedical research.
A Descriptive Catalogue of Eight Medieval Manuscripts from Wadham College, Oxford
Authors: Stone Zachary E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ranging from an eleventh-century Gospel Book to a fifteenth-century copy of John Gower's Confessio Amantis, the medieval manuscripts of Wadham College merit more extensive consideration than they have hitherto received. This article seeks to enable and encourage the continued investigation of Wadham College's manuscript collection by providing preliminary descriptions for eight manuscripts lacking modern descriptions (MSS 1, 2, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 10.19).
Bookbinding History and Sacred Cows
Authors: Pearson David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Book history has increasingly developed a cohesive view of the printing, selling, owning, reading and use of books, but bookbinding continues to struggle to find its place in the teaching and perception of the disciple. This is counter-intuitive, and a missed opportunity, in a world in which we talk so much about the book as a material object. This paper examines the reasons, and challenges many of the assumptions or beliefs that remain endemic in binding history. It offers examples of ways in which a different approach to binding studies is needed, while considering debates about the relative usefulness of methodologies based around decoration, or structure. It sets out a philosophy, or methodology, for the study of bindings in a book-historical context, with some basic questions which we should bring to any binding before us.
Discovered: Joseph Étienne de Surville's Preface to the Poésies de Clotilde de Surville
Authors: Cole William 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Joseph Étienne, marquis de Surville (1755–1798) composed a wildly successful book of poems, first published in 1803, that he passed off as the work of his ancestor Clotilde de Surville (c. 1405-c. 1498). A newly-discovered copy of the first edition—presented by the author's widow to a family friend—contains Joseph Étienne's preface, transcribed and published here for the first time.
A review of recent research on antifungal agents against dermatophyte biofilms
Authors: Pereira Fillipe de Oliveira 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Dermatophytoses are inflammatory cutaneous mycoses caused by dermatophyte fungi of the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton that affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. With therapeutic failure, dermatophytoses can become chronic and recurrent. This is partly due to their ability to develop biofilms, microbial communities involved in a polymeric matrix attached to biotic or abiotic surfaces, contributing to fungal resistance. This review presents evidence accumulated in recent years on antidermatophyte biofilm activity. The following databases were used: Web of Science, Medline/PubMed (via the National Library of Medicine), Embase, and Scopus. Original articles published between 2011 and 2020, emphasizing the antifungal activity of conventional and new drugs against dermatophyte biofilms were eligible. A total of 11 articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed – the studies used in vitro and ex vivo (fragments of nails and hair) experimental models. The articles focused on reports of antibiofilm activity for conventional antifungals, natural drugs, and new therapeutic tools. The strains reported on were T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans, M. canis, and M. gypseum. Between the studies, the wide variability of experimental conditions in vitro and ex vivo was observed. The data suggest the need for methodological standardization (at some minimum). This review systematically presents current studies involving agents that present antibiofilm activity against dermatophytes; and an overview of the ideal in vitro and ex vivo experimental conditions to guarantee biofilm formation that may assist future research.

Lay abstract
This review presents the current studies on the antibiofilm activities of drugs against dermatophytes and ideal experimental conditions, which might guarantee in vitro and ex vivo biofilm formation. It can be useful to examine the efficacy of new antimicrobial drugs against dermatophytes.