bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bias Correction of Global High-Resolution Precipitation Climatologies Using Streamflow Observations from 9372 Catchments
Authors: Beck Hylke E. , Wood Eric F. , McVicar Tim R. , Zambrano-Bigiarini Mauricio , Alvarez-Garreton Camila , Baez-Villanueva Oscar M. , Sheffield Justin , Karger Dirk N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe introduce a set of global high-resolution (0.05°) precipitation (P) climatologies corrected for bias using streamflow (Q) observations from 9372 stations worldwide. For each station, we inferred the “true” long-termPusing a Budyko curve, which is an empirical equation relating long-termP,Q, and potential evaporation. We subsequently calculated long-term bias correction factors for three state-of-the-artPclimatologies [the “WorldClim version 2” database (WorldClim V2); Climatologies at High Resolution for the Earth’s Land Surface Areas, version 1.2 (CHELSA V1.2 ); and Climate Hazards Group Precipitation Climatology, version 1 (CHPclim V1)], after which we used random-forest regression to produce global gap-free bias correction maps for thePclimatologies. Monthly climatological bias correction factors were calculated by disaggregating the long-term bias correction factors on the basis of gauge catch efficiencies. We found that all three climatologies systematically underestimatePover parts of all major mountain ranges globally, despite the explicit consideration of orography in the production of each climatology. In addition, all climatologies underestimatePat latitudes >60°N, likely because of gauge undercatch. Exceptionally high long-term correction factors (>1.5) were obtained for all threePclimatologies in Alaska, High Mountain Asia, and Chile—regions characterized by marked elevation gradients, sparse gauge networks, and significant snowfall. Using the bias-corrected WorldClim V2, we demonstrated that other widely usedPdatasets (GPCC V2015, GPCP V2.3, and MERRA-2) severely underestimatePover Chile, the Himalayas, and along the Pacific coast of North America. MeanPfor the global land surface based on the bias-corrected WorldClim V2 is 862 mm yr−1(a 9.4% increase over the original WorldClim V2). The annual and monthly bias-correctedPclimatologies have been released as the Precipitation Bias Correction (PBCOR) dataset, which is available online (http://www.gloh2o.org/pbcor/).
Product Quality Index: A New Way to Classify Intra-industry Trade
Authors: Burange L. G. , Kelkar Hemangi K. 
Published: November 2019

The increasing intra-industry trade (IIT) gives an impetus to theoretical foundations of new trade theories. For the empirical assessment, the measurement and segregation of IIT become very essential. On the basis of quality of product, IIT is segregated into two parts. First is based on qualitative differentiation of the products known as vertical IIT (VIIT) and the second is based on the differentiation of the products called as horizontal IIT (HIIT). The work of Greenaway, Hine, and Milner (1994, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 130(1), 77–100), Fontagné and Freudenberg (1997, Intra-industry trade: Methodological issues reconsidered, Paris: Centre d’Études Prospectives et d’Informations Internationales) and Azhar and Elliott (2006, Review of World Economics, 142(3), 476–495) are some of the milestones in the methodological development of IIT. However, these methods are not free from certain shortcomings. Thus, the article attempts to extend the measurement technique with product quality index (PQI) to overcome the existing shortcomings such as arbitrariness of dispersion limit and bias in the classification of IIT into HIIT and VIIT. JEL Code: F140
Transforming multiple visual surveys of a natural environment into time-lapses
Authors: Griffith Shane , Dellaert Frank , Pradalier Cédric 
Published: November 2019

This article presents a new framework to help transform visual surveys of a natural environment into time-lapses. As data association across year-long variation in appearance continues to represent a formidable challenge, we present success with a map-centric approach, which builds on 3D vision for visual data association. We use a foundation of map point priors and geometric constraints within a dense correspondence image alignment optimization to align images and acquire loop closures between surveys. This framework produces many loop closures between sessions. Outlier loop closures are filtered in the frontend and in the backend to improve robustness. From the result map, the Reprojection Flow algorithm is applied to create time-lapses. The evaluation of our framework on the Symphony Lake Dataset, which has considerable variation in appearance, led to year-long time-lapses of many different scenes. In comparison with another approach based on using iterative closest point (ICP) plus a homography, our framework produced more and better-quality alignments. With many scenes of the 1.3 km environment consistently aligning well in random image pairs, we next produced 100 time-lapses across 37 surveys captured in a year. Approximately one-third had at least 20 (out of usually 33) well-aligned images, which spanned all four seasons. With promising results, we evaluated the pose error of misaligned image pairs and found that improving map consistency could lead to even better results.
Tolvaptan in reversing worsening acute heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Lili , Zhang Qianhui , Liu Meixia , Chen Shuxia , Han Shuang , Li Jing , Du Rongpin 
Published: November 2019

Objective In this meta-analysis, we aimed to compare efficacy and clinical outcomes of tolvaptan in treating acute heart failure (AHF). Methods Using MEDLINE, we searched relevant clinical studies using tolvaptan that investigated clinical effects in treating AHF. We performed meta-analysis for potentially extractable clinical outcomes such as body weight reduction, change in serum sodium levels, and clinical or safety events including worsening heart failure, worsening renal function (WRF), all-cause mortality, rehospitalization, and dyspnea improvement. Results The results showed that tolvaptan significantly reduced body weight (mean change: −1.28 kg, 95% credible interval (CI): −1.58–0.98), increased serum sodium levels (mean change: 3.48 mmol/L; 95% Cl: 3.22–3.74), and improved dyspnea function (odds ratio (OR): 1.43; 95% CI: 1.26–1.62) versus conventional therapy. The event risk of WRF was also significantly reduced (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.15–0.80). Low, intermediate, and high tolvaptan doses did not reduce mortality and rehospitalization risks. No significant publication bias was observed regarding effects on mortality and rehospitalization. Conclusion Current evidence indicates that using tolvaptan as add-on therapy can decrease body weight, increase sodium levels, improve dyspnea function, and reverse WRF, which may circumvent loop diuretics overdose and improve outcomes in patients with AHF.
A pilot study on using Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy Airway Decontamination techniques to assist endotracheal intubation by GlideScope® in a manikin simulating massive hematemesis
Authors: Ko Shing , Wong Oi Fung , Wong Ching Hin Kevin , Ma Hing Man , Lit Chau Hung Albert 
Published: November 2019

Background: The Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination techniques are newly designed emergency airway management skills to assist endotracheal intubation with the complementary use of suction catheters and video laryngoscopes in patients with severe vomiting or massive hematemesis. Objectives: To evaluate the performance of emergency department doctors in using the two Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination techniques (level 1 and level 2) to assist endotracheal intubation by GlideScope® in an airway manikin simulating massive hematemesis, the Nasco airway decontamination simulator. Methods: A total of 30 emergency department doctors were recruited in a pilot study. Their performance of using two levels of Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination techniques (Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination 1 and Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination 2) with two different suction catheters, the DuCanto suction catheter and Yankauer suction catheter, were compared with the conventional suction technique. The failed endotracheal intubation rates, time for intubation and number of attempts, amount of aspirated fluid, and the subjective ease of different methods by the participants were compared. Results: Irrespective the choice of suction catheter, endotracheal intubation in the manikin by using Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination 1 had the lowest failure rate which is much better than conventional suction technique (p = 0.012), smaller amount of aspiration compared with the conventional suction technique (p = 0.027), and comparable intubation time with the conventional suction technique (p = 0.850). Most participants were able to intubate the manikin successfully in the first attempt by Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination 1 with the DuCanto suction catheter, and they were of the opinion that such combination was the most preferred in performing endotracheal intubation. Conclusion: Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination 1 has the best performance in this manikin study, and Suction-Assisted Laryngoscopy and Airway Decontamination 1 with the DuCanto suction catheter was the most favorable method for endotracheal intubation in this manikin study by the participants.
Video Game Pursuit (VGPu) Scale Development: Designing and Validating a Scale With Implications for Game-Based Learning and Assessment
Authors: Sanchez Diana R. , Langer Markus 
Published: November 2019

Background. Recent research on game-based assessment and training demonstrates growing interest in how individual differences affect game-based outcomes. However, there is still a lack of clarity about the variables that affect important game-based outcomes and issues with measurement approaches regarding these variables (e.g., no validation of scales). This study develops a model where video game pursuit (VGPu) is measured as an antecedent to entering the gaming cycle. We propose that VGPu-related antecedents lead to a feedback loop where engaging in the game cycle affects game-related outcomes which again affect the antecedents of re-entering the game cycle. Moreover, we validate a measure of VGPu and provide construct as well as criterion validity evidence. Methods. Within three studies ( N = 716) we develop and validate the VGPu scale - a psychometrically sound measure of intentions to pursue video games. Using Amazon’s MTurk (Studies 1, 2), participants responded to the VGPu items and we conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showing that VGPu consists of a general latent VGPu factor with four subfactors (Intentional Game Play, Generalized Game Self-Efficacy, Enjoyment of Games, Prone to Game Immersion). In Study 3, students responded to the VGPu items, to items examining construct validity, and played three video games from different genres to assess criterion-related validity of game performance and game reactions. Results. Results demonstrate construct and criterion-related validity showing that VGPu correlates with other game-related scales and predicts game performance and game reactions. Discussion. The findings demonstrate the value of the VGPu scale for research and practice because pursuing video games seems to be an important variable for predicting how individuals perform and react to game-based activities. Finally, we discuss implications for future research and practice in the realm of game-based assessment and training.
Reflective Practice and Scottish Further Education: Synergy or Stalemate?
Authors: O'Donnell Patrick , College Perth , Simpson Gordon 
Published: November 2019

There has been a desire to embed the concept of reflective practice into many of the facets of Scottish Further Education College work following incorporation. A brief analysis of the concept within its wider critical literature is presented. Drawing on interviews with staff in the Scottish FE sector, some of the practical and conceptual difficulties that may he associated with the implementation of reflective practice are considered. Throughout the paper particular attention is directed at the following questions: • How is reflective practice currently critically defined? • What perceptions of reflective practice does the current Further Education sector have? • How might the current Further Education sector shape and influence reflective practice, and what barriers might impede its acceptance It is concluded that the management practices of contemporary FE may be contributing to the erosion of true ‘double-loop’ reflection. The priority given to competence in standards for the training of FE lecturers presents major hurdles for universities charged with developing reflective practitioners.
The Dietary Patterns of Japanese Hemodialysis Patients: A Focused Ethnography
Authors: Oka Michiyo , Yoneda Kaori , Moriyama Michiko , Takahashi Satsuki , Bull Claudia , Chaboyer Wendy 
Published: November 2019

The relationship between diet and kidney disease outcomes has been established, and as a result, hemodialysis patients are required to modify their diet. However, there is a gap in understanding how diet is influenced by social factors, particularly among Japanese patients whose diet is known to be high in salt. The purpose was to explore the dietary patterns of Japanese hemodialysis patients and better understand the challenges they face in adhering to dietary restrictions. A focused ethnography, employing observational methods with six Japanese hemodialysis patients was undertaken. Fieldwork included observations, informal interviews, and weekly formal interviews for 6 weeks. Five categories were identified during the process of data analysis. This study highlights the strong influence of culture, tradition, and family on the dietary patterns of Japanese hemodialysis patients, which has rarely been acknowledged by Japanese health professionals. The translated abstract was prepared by the author based on the accepted English version of the original abstract. Only light additional review of the translation has been completed by the journal.
ING’s Agile Transformation—Teaching an Elephant to Race
Authors: Calnan Martin , Rozen Alon 
Published: November 2019

The present article is a practitioner case study of an ongoing event for the period from 2010 to 2018. It examines a key period during which ING Bank has attempted to transform itself from a traditional bank to a ‘platform bank’ with the help of both benchmarked and ad hoc agile methods and mindset. The research is extensively based on a review of the agile methods and creating value literature, semi-structured interviews of the key ING Group and ING Netherlands stakeholders, a documentary review of existing literature on ING’s transformation, ING public information (annual reports, special reports, marketing materials) as well as ING internal documents (presentations, internal documents, training materials, etc.). To ensure multi-layered coverage of the full story, interviewees were chosen to capture the points of view of key participants in the transformation journey and who represent the full range of major internal stakeholders, namely representatives from IT, Business, HR and Corporate. The aim of this case study is to gain a more granular understanding of the key factors, people, processes and insights that helped drive ING’s profound transformation of its operations, management, strategy and vision and how this ongoing ‘agile transformation’ is value accretive (or not) for ING and its stakeholders. The article identifies the three stages of a successful agile transformation as well as the underlying paradox for an organization to remain agile over time and at scale.
Ankle Blocks Can Minimize the Need for Opiates in Forefoot Surgery
Authors: Pountos Ippokratis , Tellisi Nazzar , Gupta Pawan 
Published: November 2019

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: Postoperative pain following forefoot surgery is often difficult to control with oral medications requiring large doses of opioid analgesia. Regional anaesthesia is an alternative approach that reduces the need for general anaesthetic and can provide adequate pain control in the immediate postoperative period. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of ankle blocks in patients undergoing forefoot surgery. Methods: The authors prospectively included 22 consecutive patients undergoing forefoot surgery in the last semester of 2018. The blocks were performed by a senior anaesthetist with bupivacaine or levobupivacaine to posterior tibial (6-10mls), saphenous (2-4mls), superficial and deep peroneal (4-6mls) and sural nerve (4-6mls). Collected data included demographic information, pain scores and postoperative prescriptions, satisfactions questionnaires and post-operative outcomes. Results: The study group included 22 patients with a mean age of 50 years (range 23-81). There were 16 females and 6 males, overall BMI was 26,35 and the majority of patients were fit and well (86% ASA 1 or 2). The blocks lasted for an average 45 hours (range 20-92). In terms of the post-operative analgesia needs, 14% of the patients required no further analgesia, 45% required paracetamol and ibuprofen and 41% required dihydrocodeine. All 22 patients were highly satisfied with the analgesia provided, no complications were reported and no re-admissions occurred. Conclusion: Ankle blocks were a safe and reliable anaesthetic choice providing highly effective perioperative pain management in patients undergoing elective orthopaedic forefoot procedures. Patients with ankle block had better pain management, decreased opioid requirements and high satisfaction rates.
Simultaneous sulfur hexafluoride and nitrogen multiple-breath washout (MBW) to examine inherent differences in MBW outcomes
Authors: Bayfield Katie J. , Horsley Alex , Alton Eric , Irving Samantha , Bush Andrew , Davies Jane C. 
Published: November 2019

Multiple-breath washout (MBW) can be performed with different gases (sulfur hexafluoride (SF6­) and nitrogen (N2)) and different devices, all of which give discrepant results. This study aimed to confirm previously reported differences and explore factors influencing discrepant results; equipment factors or the physical properties of gases used.MethodsHealthy controls (HCs) and participants with cystic fibrosis (CF) completed MBW trials on two commercially available devices (Exhalyzer D (N2) and Innocor (SF6)). Simultaneous washout of both gases at the same time on the commercial equipment and simultaneous washouts using a respiratory mass spectrometer (RMS) were completed in subsets. Primary outcomes were lung clearance index (LCI), breath number and time required to washout.ResultsBreath number was higher with N2washout than SF6in both HCs and patients with CF, whether washouts were completed individually or simultaneously. The difference was greater in more advanced disease, largely caused by differences in the final part of the washout. Results from commercial devices were similar to those obtained with the RMS.ConclusionsN2MBW results were higher than SF6MBW, with some of the largest differences reported to date being observed. The biggest impact was at the end of the washout and this was even the case when gases were washed out simultaneously. N2and SF6MBW results are inherently different and should be considered as independent measurements.
Femoroacetabular impingement: question-driven review of hip joint pathophysiology from asymptomatic skeletal deformity to end-stage osteoarthritis
Authors: Pierannunzii L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI), together with its two main pathomechanisms, cam and pincer, has become a trending topic since the end of the 1990s. Despite massive academic research, this hip disorder still conceals obscure aspects and unanswered questions that only a question-driven approach may settle. The pathway that leads a FAI asymptomatic morphology through a FAI syndrome to a FAI-related osteoarthritis is little known. Contact mechanics provides a shareable and persuasive perspective: cam FAI is based on shear contact stress at joint level with consequent cartilage wear; pincer FAI, contrariwise, determines normal contact stress between acetabular rim and femoral neck and squeezes the labrum in between, with no cartilage wear for many years from the onset. Pincer prognosis is then far better than cam. As a matter of fact, cartilage wear releases fragments of extracellular matrix which in turn trigger joint inflammation, with consequently worsening lubrication and further enhanced wear. Inflammation pathobiology feeds pathotribology through a vicious loop, finally leading to hip osteoarthritis. The association of cam and pincer, possibly overdiagnosed, is a synergic combination that may damage the joint rapidly and severely. The expectations after FAI surgical correction depend strictly on chondral layer imaging, on time elapsed from the onset of symptoms and on clinic-functional preoperative level. However, preemptive surgical correction is not recommended yet in asymptomatic FAI morphology.Level of evidenceV.
Dyadic approach to post-stroke hospitalizations: role of caregiver and patient characteristics
Authors: Tyagi Shilpa , Koh Gerald C. H. , Luo Nan , Tan Kelvin B. , Hoenig Helen , Matchar David B. , Yoong Joanne , Chan Angelique , Lee Kim En , Venketasubramanian N. , Menon Edward , Chan Kin Ming , De Silva Deidre Anne , Yap Philip , Tan Boon Yeow , Chew Effie , Young Sherry H. , Ng Yee Sien , Tu Tian Ming , Ang Yan Hoon , Kong Keng He , Singh Rajinder , Merchant Reshma A. , Chang Hui Meng , Yeo Tseng Tsai , Ning Chou , Cheong Angela , Ng Yu Li , Tan Chuen Seng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo study the association of caregiver factors and stroke patient factors with rehospitalizations over the first 3 months and subsequent 3–12 months post-stroke in Singapore.MethodsPatients with stroke and their caregivers were recruited in the Singapore Stroke Study, a prospective yearlong cohort. While caregiver and patient variables were taken from this study, hospitalization data were extracted from the national claims database. We used Poisson modelling to perform bivariate and multivariable analysis with counts of hospitalization as the outcome.ResultsTwo hundred and fifty-six patient with stroke and caregiver dyads (N = 512) were analysed, with patients having spouse (60%), child (29%), sibling (4%) and other (7%) as their caregivers. Among all participants, 89% of index strokes were ischemic, 57% were mild in severity and more than half (59%) of the patients had moderate or severe disability post-stroke as measured on the Modified Rankin Scale. Having social support in the form of a foreign domestic worker for general help of caregiver reduced the hospitalization rate over 3 months post-stroke by 66% (IRR: 0.342; 95% CI: 0.180, 0.651). Compared to having a spousal caregiver, those with a child caregiver had an almost three times greater rate of hospitalizations over 3–12 months post-stroke (IRR: 2.896; 95% CI: 1.399, 5.992). Higher reported caregiving burden at the 3-month point was associated with the higher subsequent rate of hospitalization.ConclusionRecommendations include the adoption of a dyadic or holistic approach to post-stroke care provision by healthcare practitioners, giving due importance to both patients with stroke and their caregivers, integrating caregivers in the healthcare system to extend the care continuum to include informal care in the community and provision of timely support for caregivers.