bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated Vehicle Handover Interface Design: Focus Groups with Learner, Intermediate and Advanced Drivers
Authors: Clark Jediah R. , Stanton Neville A. , Revell Kirsten M. A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractConditionally and highly automated vehicles will require drivers to take control as a result of a non-emergency, such as a geographical, terrain, capability or design boundary. It is anticipated that these events will provide the driver with a sufficient amount of time to prepare themselves for the transition of control. This study explores conditionally and highly automated vehicle transitions of control by asking how drivers of differing skill levels (learner, intermediate and advanced) approach the task of designing an interface responsible for making transitions safer, more usable and more efficient. Three focus groups generated detailed designs for vehicle-to-driver transitions in an 1-h and a 10-min “out-of-the-loop” scenarios and transitions from driver to vehicle. Results show great variation in the approaches taken by each skill group (e.g., the reliance on visual interfaces for awareness assist and viewpoints on issues such as multimodal displays). Customization was a common theme throughout, with drivers desiring the option to adjust alert timings and modalities in which information is displayed. This paper presents these designs along with a detailed comparison of group designs and implements distributed situation awareness theory to discuss findings and draw conclusions.
OVERPARTITIONS RELATED TO THE MOCK THETA FUNCTION
Authors: LIN BERNARD L. S. 
Published: January 2020

Recently, Brietzke, Silva and Sellers [‘Congruences related to an eighth order mock theta function of Gordon and McIntosh’, J. Math. Anal. Appl.479 (2019), 62–89] studied the number $v_{0}(n)$ of overpartitions of $n$ into odd parts without gaps between the nonoverlined parts, whose generating function is related to the mock theta function $V_{0}(q)$ of order 8. In this paper we first present a short proof of the 3-dissection for the generating function of $v_{0}(2n)$. Then we establish three congruences for $v_{0}(n)$ along certain progressions which are subsequences of the integers $4n+3$.
Disrupted upregulation of salience network connectivity during acute stress in siblings of schizophrenia patients
Authors: van Leeuwen Judith M. C. , Vinkers Christiaan H. , Vink Matthijs , Kahn René S. , Joëls Marian , Hermans Erno J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundAn adaptive neural stress response is essential to adequately cope with a changing environment. It was previously argued that sympathetic/noradrenergic activity during acute stress increases salience network (SN) connectivity and reduces executive control network (ECN) connectivity in healthy controls, with opposing effects in the late aftermath of stress. Altered temporal dynamics of these networks in response to stress are thought to play a role in the development of psychopathology in vulnerable individuals.MethodsWe exposed male healthy controls (n = 40, mean age = 33.9) and unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients (n = 39, mean age = 33.2) to the stress or control condition of the trier social stress test and subsequently investigated resting state functional connectivity of the SN and ECN directly after and 1.5 h after stress.ResultsAcute stress resulted in increased functional connectivity within the SN in healthy controls, but not in siblings (group × stress interaction pfwe < 0.05). In the late aftermath of stress, stress reduced functional connectivity within the SN in both groups. Moreover, we found increased functional connectivity between the ECN and the cerebellum in the aftermath of stress in both healthy controls and siblings of schizophrenia patients.ConclusionsThe results show profound differences between siblings of schizophrenia patients and controls during acute stress. Siblings lacked the upregulation of neural resources necessary to quickly and adequately cope with a stressor. This points to a reduced dynamic range in the sympathetic response, and may constitute a vulnerability factor for the development of psychopathology in this at-risk group.
Modeling and Analysis of the Multiple Dynamic Coupling Effects of a Dual-arm Space Robotic System
Authors: Peng Jianqing , Xu Wenfu , Hu Zhonghua , Liang Bin , Wu Aiguo 
Published: January 2020

SUMMARYA dual-arm space robot has large potentials in on-orbit servicing. However, there exist multiple dynamic coupling effects between the two arms, each arm, and the base, bringing great challenges to the trajectory planning and dynamic control of the dual-arm space robotic system. In this paper, we propose a dynamic coupling modeling and analysis method for a dual-arm space robot. Firstly, according to the conservation principle of the linear and angular momentum, the dynamic coupling between the base and each manipulator is deduced. The dynamic coupling factor is then defined to evaluate the dynamic coupling degree. Secondly, the dynamic coupling equations between the two arms, each arm, and the base are deduced, respectively. The dynamic coupling factor is suitable not only for single-arm space robots but also for multi-arm space robot systems. Finally, the multiple coupling effects of the dual-arm space robotic system are analyzed in detail through typical cases. Simulation results verified the proposed method.
Mobile-mediated dynamic assessment: A new perspective for second language development
Authors: Andujar Alberto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present investigation analyses the potential of a pedagogical dynamic assessment (DA) approach to foster second language (L2) development through the use of a mobile instant messaging application. Students’ zone of actual and proximal development is observed through the use of a grammar and vocabulary level test and the use of the WhatsApp application respectively. Sixty students taking a B1 English course at the language centre of a Spanish university were studied. A mixed methods methodology was used to analyse the differences between two pre-existing groups (control and experimental), each consisting of 30 participants. Both groups received the same tuition and content, and students in the experimental group participated in a daily conversation in the application during a five-month period where negative feedback was provided by the teacher through the use of an inventory of prompts, from most implicit to most explicit. Throughout the research, pedagogical mobile-mediated DA became a central part of the students’ learning process, extending learning beyond the in-class time and becoming a constant source of L2 input and feedback. Moreover, results indicated that DA and dialogic mediation helped students reflect on their language performance, gradually requiring less explicit feedback and metalinguistic explanations.
Coenzyme Q10 administration has no effect on sICAM-1 and metabolic	parameters of pediatrics with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Serag Heba , El Wakeel Lamia , Adly Amira 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a key role in the development and progression of microvascular and macrovascular complications in pediatrics with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a nutraceutical with a known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential effect of CoQ10 on ED and various metabolic parameters. Methods: This prospective randomized open-label pilot study was conducted on 49 T1DM pediatric patients. Seven healthy non-diabetic pediatric subjects who didn’t receive treatment were included as a control group. Eligible patients were randomly allocated into either group I (n = 25); received 100 mg of CoQ10 in addition to standard treatment or group II (n = 24); received standard treatment only. The levels of; soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, serum creatinine and liver function tests were assessed for both groups at baseline and after 3 months of treatment. Results: At baseline, compared to an age-matched healthy control group sICAM-1 levels were significantly elevated in group II diabetic patients (276.5 (231.6–320.66) vs 221.8 (177.9–267.1 ng/ml), p = 0.042. After 3 months of treatment no significant difference was observed in sICAM-1, HbA1c, FBG, lipid profile, serum creatinine and liver function tests between the two study groups. A positive correlation was found between sICAM-1 and HbA1c throughout the study (r = 0.308, p = 0.0054). Conclusion: Administration of CoQ10 for 3 months in T1DM pediatric patients was well tolerated but had no favorable effect on ED or metabolic parameters.
Hydromechanical Modeling of Fault Reactivation in the St. Gallen Deep Geothermal Project (Switzerland): Poroelasticity or Hydraulic Connection?
Authors: Zbinden Dominik , Rinaldi Antonio P. , Diehl Tobias , Wiemer Stefan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn 2013, fluid injection during the St. Gallen deep geothermal project, Switzerland, induced hundreds of seismic events, including a
3.5 earthquake on a fault hundreds of meters away from the well. Recent studies have suggested the direct pressure effect through permeable hydraulic connections and poroelastic effects as possible mechanisms for inducing seismicity on distant faults. In St. Gallen, operational, seismic, and earthquake data are available to investigate the underlying physical mechanisms using a numerical model. The results show that Coulomb stress changes at the fault can be 3 orders of magnitude greater when a hydraulic connection is present. Combining this with several field observations, we conclude that the direct pressure effect was more likely the predominant mechanism behind the seismicity induced in St. Gallen. The detection of hydraulic connections may be important for future projects as pressure can be driven far from the well and reactivate remote faults.
Causes and Climatic Consequences of the Impact Winter at the Cretaceous‐Paleogene Boundary
Authors: Tabor Clay R. , Bardeen Charles G. , Otto‐Bliesner Bette L. , Garcia Rolando R. , Toon Owen B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProlonged periods of low light and cold temperatures at Earth's surface are hypothesized effects of the end‐Cretaceous asteroid impact. However, debate remains about the causes and consequences of this “impact winter.” We perform simulations of the Chicxulub impact with an Earth system model that can simulate the evolution of extreme aerosol loading to quantify the climatic responses to emissions (soot, sulfur, and dust) associated with the impact winter. We show that all impact winter emissions can drastically reduce surface temperature and precipitation. However, only soot emission from impact‐driven firestorms is capable of reducing light to below the photosynthetic threshold for many months. Therefore, our results suggest that widespread fires may have been necessary to produce the observed pattern of marine extinction across the Cretaceous‐Paleogene boundary. We identify polar coasts and the surrounding open oceans as regions likely to have experienced the least climatic, and biotic, disruption from the impact winter.
Rapid Export of Waters Formed by Convection Near the Irminger Sea's Western Boundary
Authors: Le Bras I. A.‐A. , Straneo F. , Holte J. , de Jong M. F. , Holliday N. P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe standard view of the overturning circulation emphasizes the role of convection, yet for waters to contribute to overturning, they must not only be transformed to higher densities but also exported equatorward. From novel mooring observations in the Irminger Sea (2014–2016), we describe two water masses that are formed by convection and show that they have different rates of export in the western boundary current. Upper Irminger Sea Intermediate Water appears to form near the boundary current and is exported rapidly within 3 months of its formation. Deep Irminger Sea Intermediate Water forms in the basin interior and is exported on longer time scales. The subduction of these waters into the boundary current is consistent with an eddy transport mechanism. Our results suggest that light intermediate waters can contribute to overturning as much as waters formed by deeper convection and that the export time scales of both project onto overturning variability.
Underestimated Change of Wet‐Bulb Temperatures Over East and South China
Authors: Freychet N. , Tett S.F.B. , Yan Z. , Li Z. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWet‐bulb temperature (TW), which combines dry‐bulb temperature and relative humidity (RH), is a key variable for human health and heat stress because in hot environments evaporation is the main process by which bodies cool down. For this study, we use two independent RH data sets: a new homogenized network of daily ground observations in China and the recent ERA5 reanalysis, for which we highlight the need to apply humidity correction. Based on these data sets, we show that Chinese wet‐bulb temperatures since 1980 have increased largely due to a rise in dry‐bulb temperatures while RH has remained approximately constant. We also find that TW change has been previously underestimated due to humidity bias in reanalysis and nonhomogenized observation where RH was decreasing sharply after 2000s, greatly limiting changes in TW.
Glacial Earthquakes and Precursory Seismicity Associated With Thwaites Glacier Calving
Authors: Winberry J. Paul , Huerta Audrey D. , Anandakrishnan Sridhar , Aster Richard C. , Nyblade Andrew A. , Wiens Douglas A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe observe two (~MS3) long‐period (10–30 s) seismic events that originate from the terminus of Thwaites Glacier, Antarctica. Serendipitous acquisition of satellite images confirm that the seismic events were glacial earthquakes generated during the capsizing of icebergs. The glacial earthquakes were preceded by 6 days of discrete high‐frequency seismic events that can be observed at distances exceeding 250 km. The high‐frequency seismicity displays an increasing rate of occurrence, culminating in several hours of sustained tremor coeval with the long‐period events. A series of satellite images collected during this precursory time period show that the high‐frequency events and tremor are the result of accelerating growth of ancillary fractures prior to the culminating calving event. This study indicates that seismic data have the potential to elucidate the processes by which Thwaites Glacier discharges into the ocean, thus improving our ability to constrain future sea level rise.
Two Decades of Ocean Acidification in the Surface Waters of the Beaufort Gyre, Arctic Ocean: Effects of Sea Ice Melt and Retreat From 1997–2016
Authors: Zhang Y. , Yamamoto‐Kawai M. , Williams W.J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnthropogenic CO2 uptake drives ocean acidification and so decreases the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation state (Ω). Undersaturation of surface water with respect to aragonite‐type CaCO3 was first reported for 2008 in the Canada Basin, preceding other open ocean basins. This study reveals interannual variation of Ω in the surface Canada Basin before and after 2008. A rapid decrease of Ω occurred during 2003–2007 at a rate of −0.09 year−1, 10 times faster than other open oceans. This was due to melting and retreat of sea ice, which diluted surface water and enhanced air‐sea CO2 exchange. After 2007, Ω did not further decrease, despite increasing atmospheric CO2 and continued sea ice retreat. A weakened dilution effect from sea ice melt and stabilized air‐sea CO2 disequilibrium state is the main reason for this stabilization of Ω. Aragonite undersaturation has been observed for the last 11 years, and aragonite‐shelled organisms may be threatened.
Modeling the Posteruptive Deformation at Okmok Based on the GPS and InSAR Time Series: Changes in the Shallow Magma Storage System
Authors: Xue Xueming , Freymueller Jeff , Lu Zhong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBased on the unscented Kalman filter, we develop a time‐dependent inversion filter combining Global Positioning System (GPS) and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) time series observations for modeling volcano deformation. We use the Variance Component Estimation method as means to assign the relative weights for GPS and InSAR data. Then we use the inversion filter to model the posteruptive deformation at Okmok volcano, Alaska. We find that a Mogi source at 3–4 km depth fits the InSAR data well, while the best fit to the GPS data is an oblate spheroid source at about 2.5 km depth. Our final model consists of a shallow sill at ~0.9 km and a Mogi source at ~3.2 km depth, which well fit both the GPS and InSAR data simultaneously. We think the Mogi source obtained here is the same source account for the preeruptive deformation. The shallow sill is a new structure that was not seen before the 2008 eruption. From 2008 to 2019, we have observed five inflation episodes, each of which decays exponential in time. We find that the characteristic timescale of those inflation episodes decreases with respect to time. The total volume change from the two sources is 0.068 km3, which recovers 50–60% of the volume decrease during the 2008 eruption.
Recent Advances and Challenges of Waveform‐Based Seismic Location Methods at Multiple Scales
Authors: Li Lei , Tan Jingqiang , Schwarz Benjamin , Staněk František , Poiata Natalia , Shi Peidong , Diekmann Leon , Eisner Leo , Gajewski Dirk 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSource locations provide fundamental information on earthquakes and lay the foundation for seismic monitoring at all scales. Seismic source location as a classical inverse problem has experienced significant methodological progress during the past century. Unlike the conventional traveltime‐based location methods that mainly utilize kinematic information, a new category of waveform‐based methods, including partial waveform stacking, time reverse imaging, wavefront tomography, and full waveform inversion, adapted from migration or stacking techniques in exploration seismology has emerged. Waveform‐based methods have shown promising results in characterizing weak seismic events at multiple scales, especially for abundant microearthquakes induced by hydraulic fracturing in unconventional and geothermal reservoirs or foreshock and aftershock activity potentially preceding tectonic earthquakes. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the current status of waveform‐based location methods, through elaboration of the methodological principles, categorization, and connections, as well as illustration of the applications to natural and induced/triggered seismicity, ranging from laboratory acoustic emission to field hydraulic fracturing‐induced seismicity, regional tectonic, and volcanic earthquakes. Taking into account recent developments in instrumentation and the increasing availability of more powerful computational resources, we highlight recent accomplishments and prevailing challenges of different waveform‐based location methods and what they promise to offer in the near future.
Long non-coding RNA DLGAP1-AS1 facilitates tumorigenesis and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma via the feedback loop of miR-26a/b-5p/IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Lin Ye , Jian Zhixiang , Jin Haosheng , Wei Xiangling , Zou Xiongfeng , Guan Renguo , Huang Jianfeng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and lethal malignancies worldwide, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial factor affecting HCC progression and metastasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been validated to act as critical regulators of biological processes in various tumors. Herein, we attempted to elucidate the uncharacterized function and mechanism of lncRNA DLGAP1-AS1 in regulating tumorigenesis and EMT of HCC. In our study, DLGAP1-AS1 was shown to be upregulated in HCC cell lines and capable to promote HCC progression and EMT. Besides, DLGAP1-AS1 was proven to serve as a molecular sponge to sequester the HCC-inhibitory miRNAs, miR-26a-5p and miR-26b-5p, thus enhancing the level of an oncogenic cytokine IL-6, which could activate JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and reciprocally elevate the transcriptional activity of DLGAP1-AS1, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Moreover, we elaborated that the cancerogenic effects of DLGAP1-AS1 in HCC cells could be effectuated via activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway by positively regulating CDK8 and LRP6, downstream genes of miR-26a/b-5p. In conclusion, our results demonstrated the detailed molecular mechanism of DLGAP1-AS1 in facilitating HCC progression and EMT in vitro and in vivo, and suggested the potentiality of DLGAP1-AS1 as a therapeutic target for HCC.
Targeting alkaline ceramidase 3 alleviates the severity of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by reducing oxidative stress
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Chuanjiang , Lin Xinxin , Sun Hang , Xu Ruijuan , Li Qingping , Wei Yiran , Li Yiyi , Qian Jianping , Liu Cuiting , Zhang Qifan , Yu Sheng , Cui Zhonglin , Huang Xixin , Zhu Bili , Zhou Jie , Mao Cungui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOverload of palmitic acids is linked to the dysregulation of ceramide metabolism in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and ceramides are important bioactive lipids mediating the lipotoxicity of palmitic acid in NASH. However, much remains unclear about the role of ceramidases that catalyze the hydrolysis of ceramides in NASH. By analyzing the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we found that alkaline ceramidase 3 (ACER3) is upregulated in livers of patients with NASH. Consistently, we found that Acer3 mRNA levels and its enzymatic activity were also upregulated in mouse livers with NASH induced by a palmitate-enriched Western diet (PEWD). Moreover, we demonstrated that palmitate treatment also elevated Acer3 mRNA levels and its enzymatic activity in mouse primary hepatocytes. In order to investigate the function of Acer3 in NASH, Acer3 null mice and their wild-type littermates were fed a PEWD to induce NASH. Knocking out Acer3 was found to augment PEWD-induced elevation of C18:1-ceramide and alleviate early inflammation and fibrosis but not steatosis in mouse livers with NASH. In addition, Acer3 deficiency attenuated hepatocyte apoptosis in livers with NASH. These protective effects of Acer3 deficiency were found to be associated with suppression of hepatocellular oxidative stress in NASH liver. In vitro studies further revealed that loss of ACER3/Acer3 increased C18:1-ceramide and inhibited apoptosis and oxidative stress in mouse primary hepatocytes and immortalized human hepatocytes induced by palmitic-acid treatment. These results suggest that ACER3 plays an important pathological role in NASH by mediating palmitic-acid-induced oxidative stress.