bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetics and Interrelations of the Renin Aldosterone Response to Acute Psychosocial Stress: A Neglected Stress System
Authors: Gideon Angelina , Sauter Christine , Fieres Judy , Berger Thilo , Renner Britta , Wirtz Petra H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Context
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis and its dysfunction relates to negative health consequences. Acute psychosocial stress seems to activate the RAAS in humans, but stress kinetics and interrelations of RAAS parameters compared with a nonstress control group remain inconclusive.

Objective
We systematically investigated in a randomized placebo-controlled design stress kinetics and interrelations of the reactivity of RAAS parameters measured in plasma and saliva to standardized acute psychosocial stress induction.

Methods
58 healthy young men were assigned to either a stress or a placebo control group. The stress group underwent the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), while the control group underwent the placebo TSST. We repeatedly assessed plasma renin, and plasma and salivary aldosterone before and up to 3 hours after stress/placebo. We simultaneously assessed salivary cortisol to validate successful stress induction and to test for interrelations.

Results
Acute psychosocial stress induced significant increases in all endocrine measures compared with placebo-stress (all P ≤ .041). Highest renin levels were observed 1 minute after stress, and highest aldosterone and cortisol levels 10 and 20 minutes after stress, with salivary aldosterone starting earlier at 1 minute after stress. Renin completed recovery at 10 minutes, cortisol at 60 minutes, salivary aldosterone at 90 minutes, and plasma aldosterone at 180 minutes after stress. Stress increase scores of all endocrine measures related to each other, as did renin and cortisol areas under the curve with respect to increase (AUCi) and salivary and plasma aldosterone AUCi (all P ≤ .047).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that in humans acute psychosocial stress induces a differential and interrelated RAAS parameter activation pattern. Potential implications for stress-related cardiovascular risk remain to be elucidated.
Understanding Thyroid Cell Stress
Authors: Morshed Syed A , Davies Terry F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control intracellular stress has fundamental importance since its failure results in cell death. Evidence has emerged indicating that the intracellular signals that are induced in response to diverse stresses include the deoxyribonucleic acid damage response, the unfolded protein response, the mitochondrial and/or endoplasmic reticulum stress responses, and the autophagy signals to degrade dangerous protein aggregates. These signals bring changes to the stressed cells that may support systemic homeostasis or contribute to disease pathology. In normal thyroid cells, both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant (AOD) activity is low. An increase in ROS balanced by AOD leads only to mild inflammation, but unopposed increases in ROS lead to a strong inflammatory response and may result in apoptosis. A balance between ROS and AOD is, therefore, needed to maintain thyrocyte homeostasis. This perspective describes how thyroid cells are subjected to multiple insults and how they try to protect themselves using these different cellular responses.
Knowledge and practices about breastfeeding in rural areas of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mat Min Ruhani , Hossain Md Mosharaf 
Published: November 2019

Background: Breastfeeding is an important indicator for child health and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and practices regarding EBF and its relation to various socio-economic and demographic factors among mothers with at least one child age (6-12 years) in the rural areas of the Rajshahi district in Bangladesh. Methods: A study based at village hospitals was conducted and a semi-structured questionnaire was used. A total of 513 mothers who had at least one child's age (6-12) months from 32 different village hospitals in rural areas of the Rajshahi District, Bangladesh from September to December 2015. The composite index, chi-square test and binary logistic regression model were used in this study. Results: The incidence of EBF good knowledge and practices was 32.0% and 27.9% among mothers with at least one child age (6-12) months. The analysis shows that the age of mothers ≥ 31 years have less knowledge and practice about EBF compared to mothers aged ≤ 30 years. Mothers who are housewives had a higher probability of good knowledge and practice than mothers who were service providers. Nursing mothers at home have less knowledge and practices about EBF than mothers who gave birth in the hospital. Mothers that had a monthly family income of ≤ 6 699 BDT had less knowledge and practices about EBF compared to mothers with a family income of >6 699 BDT. Conclusions: This study showed a huge gap in EBF knowledge and practices among mothers who have at least one child age (6-12) months. This study suggests that EBF education and interventions can play an important role in increasing EBF good knowledge and practices among mothers with at least one-to-one (6-12) months of age children. Malnutrition will be reduced if the EBF is widely established in Bangladesh.
Making the invisible visible: the availability and desirability of adherence data in routine CF care– findings from a national questionnaire survey
Authors: Robinson Louisa , Maguire Chin , Hoo Zhe Hui , Wildman Martin J. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Inhaled medications for cystic fibrosis (CF) are effective but adherence is low. Clinicians find it difficult to estimate how much treatment people with CF (PWCF) take, whilst objective adherence measurement demonstrates that patients are poorly calibrated with a tendency to over-estimate actual adherence. The diagnostic approach to a PWCF with deteriorating clinical status and very low adherence is likely to be different to the approach to a deteriorating patient with optimal adherence. Access to objective adherence data in routine consultations could help to overcome diagnostic challenges for clinicians and people with CF. Attitudes of clinicians to the use and importance of routinely available adherence data is unknown. Methods: We conducted an online questionnaire survey with UK CF centres. We asked five questions relating to the current use and perception of objective measurements of adherence in routine care. Results: A total of eight CF centres completed the questionnaire. Few of the responding centres have adherence data readily available in routine clinics (13% of centres use medicines possession ratio; of centres with access to I-nebs® it was estimated that 17% of patients had I-neb data regularly available in clinics). All centres considered the availability of objectively measured adherence data to be important. Respondents identified that systems developed to provide adherence data in clinical practice must provide data to both clinicians and patients that is readily understood and easy to use. Conclusions: Centres perceived the availability of adherence data in routine care to be important but objective measures of adherence is rarely available at present.
Lenguas en desplazamiento. Representaciones literarias de problemáticas lingüísticas en la e(in)migración italiana en Argentina
Authors: Bravo Herrera Fernanda 
Published: November 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar en una selección significativa de textos italianos y argentinos diferentes representaciones de las problemáticas lingüísticas vinculadas con el fenómeno de la e(in)migración italiana en Argentina. La lectura, desde la literatura comparada y desde la sociocrítica, se propone reconstruir las varias perspectivas ideológicas que configuran los encuentros culturales provocados por desplazamientos migratorios, que determinan las reestructuraciones identitarias y son visibles en los reacomodamientos lingüísticos, a través de los conflictos o de sus resoluciones. De esta manera se espera delinear, en la inscripción de las representaciones y estilizaciones lingüísticas, una lectura semiótica de las reconfiguraciones identitarias en vinculación con los procesos migratorios.
Notas de una investigación: migración, clandestinidad y puesta en juego de la identidad.
Authors: Bertoni Gaspar 
Published: November 2019

El presente trabajo surge como resultado parcial de un proyecto de adscripción en investigación realizado en la cátedra Literaturas Francesa e Italiana (FHUC –UNL). Nuestro propósito al respecto es reparar en el relato de viaje migratorio como objeto de estudio que pueda dar cuenta de la insuficiencia delconcepto de «nacional» en el campo de la literatura. Primeramente, postularemos un marco teórico en el cual daremos cuenta de la necesidad de pensar la identidad cultural en relación con la literatura y de posicionarnos desde el campo de los estudios comparados para entender la migración como unfenómeno que nos permita cuestionar las relaciones establecidas en el campo literario. Posteriormente, expondremos parte de los aportes de los que nos servimos para pensar el relato de viajes como habilitador de nuevas cuestiones identitarias propuestas para la lectura de la novela de Pap Khouma.
On minimal model theory for log abundant lc pairs
Authors: Hashizume Kenta , Hu Zheng-Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Under the assumption of the minimal model theory for projective klt pairs of dimension n, we establish the minimal model theory for lc pairs

(

X
/
Z

,
Δ
)

{(X/Z,\Delta)}

such that the log canonical divisor is relatively log abundant and its restriction to any lc center has relative numerical dimension at most n.
We also give another detailed proof of results by the second author, and study termination of log MMP with scaling.
Greatest common divisors of analytic functions and Nevanlinna theory on algebraic tori
Authors: Levin Aaron , Wang Julie Tzu-Yueh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We study upper bounds for the counting function of common zeros of two meromorphic functions in various contexts. The proofs and results are inspired by recent work involving greatest common divisors in Diophantine approximation, to which we introduce additional techniques to take advantage of the stronger inequalities available in Nevanlinna theory. In particular, we prove a general version of a conjectural “asymptotic gcd” inequality of Pasten and the second author, and consider moving targets versions of our results.
Mvgen: Multi Version Question Generation for Math Courses
Authors: Brito Irene , Almeida José João , Machado Gaspar J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A question generating system developed in Perl that uses LaTeX as typographical language is presented, which, besides random generation of different question types, allows a random creation of a large number of different test versions. Examples of question types in mathematics (Linear Algebra and Discrete Mathematics) are provided and the associated generation strategies are explained.
Statistical model used to assessment the sulphate resistance of mortars with fly ashes
Authors: Marczewska Julia , Jaworska Monika 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of low (LCFA) and high (HCFA) calcium fly ashes in the cement industry allows the implementation of European Union proposals on waste management and energy saving. However, the possibility of using HCFA is limited, because the properties of such waste from coal-fired power plants must comply with national regulations. The paper shows the effect of partial replacement of Portland cement (OPC) by these fly ashes on the resistance of the sulphate attack of the mortars immersed in a 5% solution of sodium sulphate. In order to determine the optimal amount of ash additive, a research plan was designed using statistical methods using the Gibbs triangle for mixtures. Samples of control mortars of OPC, binary mixtures of HCFA or LCFA and ternary mixtures of HCFA/LCFA were made. The composition of the blends was designed in accordance with the statistical plan of the experiment for mixtures. The testing program included linear strains, compressive strength and microstructure tests using SEM with EDXA and XRD analysis. The results of laboratory tests and statistical analyzes have shown that fly ash has a positive effect on the sulphate resistance of cementitious composites.
The use of official languages in electronic communications in the Valencian local administration
Authors: Català-Oltra Lluís , Penalva-Verdú Clemente 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Valencian autonomous community is a bilingual Spanish region where, alongside Spanish, a second language is officially recognized. Yet in many areas of the Valencian administration the language law is not implemented. This article explores the presence of the two official languages in the electronic communications of this region’s city and town council agencies. It combines a variety of methods (use of secondary data, content analysis and a variation of the “mystery shopping” technique) with statistical analysis of data merged into a unit matrix of 397 municipalities. A comparison of present web page data with data from 2005 to 2010 reveals that there has been advancement on the implementation of legal provisions: Spanish monolingual web pages are being replaced by bilingual portals. Evidence also shows a greater presence of Valencian in the official social media accounts and in telephone and email interactions. However, the use of Spanish on public administration websites is still prevalent. Likewise, this study confirms the significant power of the social use of language, influenced in part by the political party in power.
Commodification of African languages in linguistic landscapes of rural Northern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Banda Felix , Mokwena Lorato 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnglish has been portrayed in linguistic landscape literature as the definitive language of commodification. However, using linguistic landscape images from two rural communities in the Northern Cape, South Africa, this article shows how indigenous African languages and localised English are entangled as commodities – whether used independently or in hybridised form – for the sale of various goods and services. We show that the commodification of the languages and hybridised forms speaks to semiotic choices of local authorship of signage and to the influence of local communities’ languaging practices. We propose that commodity status of languages or their linguistic features is variable, since commodified languages or linguistic features as modes derive meanings from the assembled multimodal resources, whose design features as languages or translanguaged “blends”, and their statuses as being in and out of favour, depend on communicative purposes, the kinds of goods and services being marketed and the intended consumers. We conclude that languages, or their linguistic features as modes in signage, should be valued as mobile socio-culturally given and multimodally shaped semiotic resources deployed for communicative impact on consumers in local contexts of use.
Modified live traps increase capture success of semifossorial voles in Alpine meadows
Authors: Mori Emiliano , Allegrini Claudia , Bertolino Sandro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Live-trapping of rodents is facilitated by their thigmotaxis (i.e. the tendency to walk along linear structures of the habitat). However, in open habitats, such as meadows and prairies, where linear structures (e.g. rocks and fallen branches) are generally absent and where densities are likely to be low, capturing rodents is often very demanding or ineffective. This applies especially to semifossorial small mammals. Therefore, we developed a technique to increase the capture success of these rodents in Alpine meadows. We applied a box in Tetrapak® with the perforated floor at the opening of Sherman traps. Semifossorial voles (Microtus spp.), leaving their burrows, would remain in a confined status, in the dark within the Tetrapak®, being forced to enter the trap or to go back in the tunnel. Sherman traps modified with Tetrapak® were positioned immediately upon active burrows, alternating with the same number of unmodified traps. Then, we compared the number of captures with and without this modification. Two trapping sessions were carried out, for 3 days/site each, in eight sites (totally 2784 trap-days). Overall, 55 semifossorial voles were trapped; 41 (74.6%) were caught in modified traps, showing that they increase the capture success of semifossorial voles in Alpine meadows.
The use of segmented-shifted grain-oriented sheets in magnetic circuits of small AC motors
Authors: Mallard Vincent , Demian Cristian , Brudny Jean-François , Parent Guillaume 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn order to increase energy efficiency of AC rotating machines, one possibility is the use of Grain-Oriented steel sheets to build stator magnetic circuits in order to reduce iron losses. After presenting the general concept considering a non-segmented-shifted sheets prototype recently developed in our laboratory, a segmented structure is introduced. Experimental comparisons between these structures are performed using static machines. The main results are analysed using Finite Element modelling that leads to extract the particular physical concepts which govern these associations.
On the Invention of Identity Politics: The Buraku Outcastes in Japan
Authors: Ramseyer J. Mark 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUsing 14 national censuses and a wide variety of first-hand accounts, I trace the creation of a largely fictive identity for Japan’s putative outcastes and the transformation of their nominal human rights organization into (on several crucial dimensions) a heavily criminal extortion machine. Scholars have long described the outcastes – the “burakumin” – as descended from a pre-modern leather-workers’ guild. Their members suffer discrimination because their ancestors handled carcasses, and ran afoul of a traditional Japanese obsession with ritual purity.In fact, most burakumin are descended not from leather-workers, but from poor farmers with distinctively dysfunctional norms. Others may or may not have shunned them out of concern for purity, but they certainly would have shunned many of them for their involvement in crime and their disintegrating family structures.The modern transformation of the buraku began in 1922, when self-described Bolsheviks lauched a buraku “liberation” organization. To fit the group within Marxist historical schema, they invented for it the fictive identity as a leather-workers’ guild that continues to this day. Bitter identity politics followed. Within a few years, criminal entrepreneurs hijacked the new organization, and pioneered a shakedown strategy that coupled violent accusations of bias with demands for massive amounts of money. Selective out-migration and spiraling levels of public subsidies ensued. The logic follows straightforwardly from the economic logic outlined by Becker and Hirschman: given ever-larger amounts of (expropriable) subsidies, burakumin with the lowest opportunity costs faced ever-larger incentives to stay in the buraku and invest in criminal careers; given the virulent public hostility that this strategy generated, those burakumin with the highest legitimate career options abandoned the community and merged into the general public instead.
Leadership identities: Whose construction?
Authors: Holmgreen Lise-Lotte 
Published: November 2019

AbstractQuestioning the assumption that identities can be controlled through a shared organisational culture, the article explores the dispersion of a discourse of diversity into leadership identities in a Danish bank and building society. Underlying this focus is the question of whether a number of local and global influences may interact and lead to the adoption of a shared organisational and leadership norms, identifiable in managers’ constructions of leadership identities. To study these issues, a critical discourse analysis is carried out of interviews with two middle managers in the bank, which involves close analysis of the language used by the respondents to construct their leadership identities. While the respondents present comparable identities to the interviewer, the analysis reveals that the they draw on different discourses and sources of inspiration as well as employ a number of different discursive means to present their respective identities. This, the article argues, may be the result of a number of influences emerging from the individual style of the respondent, the context of the interview and the discourses present both within and outside the organisation.
The Role of Stromal Proteolytic Systems in Cancer Progression (Review)
Authors: Kugaevskaya E. V. , Timoshenko O. S. , Gureeva T. A. , Solovieva N. I. 
Published: November 2019

Oncological diseases belong to life-threatening pathologies being the second most frequent cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiovascular diseases. Clarification of carcinogenesis mechanisms makes it possible to expand the stock of tools available for prevention of critical illness accompanying this pathological condition.Nowadays, proteolytic systems of tumor microenvironment (ТМЕ) are regarded as key regulators of a tumor progression including tumor growth, invasion and metastazing. The review discusses ТМЕ structure and role in cancer progression.Recent data decipher the role of proteolytic systems in the interaction stromal cells with tumor cells in different types of cancer in humans. The most known proteolytic systems contributed to cancer progression are matrix metalloproteinase system (MMP), urokinase-type plasminogen activator system (uPA-system), various cathepsins, granzymes, and elastase. Inhibition of extracellular proteolysis in the course of an oncological process is considered an effective approach to cancer therapy.
Supplementation therapy with Antithrombin Drugs in the Combined Treatment of Sepsis
Authors: Redkin I. V. , Lopatin A. F. , Yavorovskiy A. G. , Likhvantsev V. V. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose — to assess the efficacy of supplementation therapy for antithrombin deficiency in the combined treatment of sepsis.Materials and methods. A prospective-retrospective study of the efficacy of supplementation therapy for antithrombin deficiency during sepsis was carried out; 90 patients were examined. The patients were split into two groups whether antithrombin deficiency correction was or was not undertaken. The composite outcome — the incidence of cardiovascular complications as of day 28 from the therapy commencement — was chosen as the primary endpoint of the study. The secondary endpoints of the study were prevalence of adverse events as of day 28 from the therapy commencement and 180-day mortality.Results. There was no difference between the groups either in respect of 28-day mortality or composite outcome. Analysis of secondary endpoints revealed that in the group of patients who received antithrombin supplementation therapy, the risk of development of an acute renal injury was significantly lower on day 28 and 180 from therapy commencement: OR 3.5 [95% CI 1.05–11.66] at P=0.04 and OR 2.92 [95% CI 1.02–8.31] at P=0.045, respectively.Conclusion. Correction of antithrombin level to activity level ‘over 61%’ is associated with decreased incidence degree III acute kidney failure (KDIGO).