bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient authentication and key agreement scheme for secure smart grid communication services
Authors: Hammami Hamza , Obaidat Mohammad S. , Ben Yahia Sadok 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe smart grid is a new and promising technology integrating new information and communication technologies to improve the distribution and consumption of electricity between energy suppliers and their end customers. However, this advanced solution is facing a serious security problem as regards the interception and falsification of power consumption data, hence generating falsified electricity consumption bills. This issue of security needs to be promptly and efficiently handled. Clearly, it is of paramount importance to have a security mechanism to avoid such losses. Our work focuses on this issue. It particularly concerns the development of a security mechanism to ensure a completely secure communication between energy suppliers and their consumers while preserving the privacy of end customers in terms of protection of their personal information including their identities. The experimental results underscore that our solution outperforms those of the literature in terms of computation cost and robustness against various types of attacks.
Evaluation of ion mobility in capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry for the identification in metabolomics
Authors: Drouin Nicolas , Mielcarek Andreas , Wenz Christian , Rudaz Serge 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCurrently, feature annotation remains one of the main challenges in untargeted metabolomics. In this context, the information provided by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in addition to accurate mass can improve the quality of metabolite annotation, and MS/MS fragmentation patterns are widely used. Accurate mass and a separation index, such as retention time or effective mobility (μeff), in chromatographic and electrophoretic approaches, respectively, must be used for unequivocal metabolite identification. The possibility of measuring collision cross‐section (CCS) values by using ion mobility (IM) is becoming increasingly popular in metabolomic studies thanks to the new generation of IM mass spectrometers. Based on their similar separation mechanisms involving electric field and the size of the compounds, the complementarity of DTCCSN2 and μeff needs to be evaluated. In this study, a comparison of DTCCSN2 and μeff was achieved in the context of feature identification ability in untargeted metabolomics by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled with HRMS. This study confirms the high correlation of DTCCSN2 with the mass of the studied metabolites as well as the orthogonality between accurate mass and μeff, making this combination particularly interesting for the identification of several endogenous metabolites. The use of IM‐MS remains of great interest for facilitating the annotation of neutral metabolites present in the electroosmotic flow (EOF) that are poorly or not separated by CZE.
Application of Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis to Determine Tetrabromobisphenol A in Complex Matrices
Authors: Macêdo Williane Vieira , Bernegossi Aline Christine , Sabatini Carolina Aparecida , Corbi Juliano José , Zaiat Marcelo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An accurate and sensitive ultrasound-dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique followed by high-performance liquid chromatography separation coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry detection method to determine the presence of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in complex environmental matrices is proposed. The miniaturized procedure was used to extract and quantify the analyte in domestic sewage, anaerobic sludge, and the aquatic test organism species Daphnia magna and Chironomus sancticaroli, which are standardized organisms for ecotoxicity bioassays. Limits of detection of 2 ng L−1 (domestic sewage), 2 ng g−1 (anaerobic sludge), 0.25 ng g−1 (D. magna), and 5 ng g−1 (C. tentans) were obtained. The presence of TBBPA was determined in domestic sewage and anaerobic sludge from an anaerobic batch bioreactor at a concentration of 0.2 ± 0.03 μg L−1 and 507 ± 79 ng g−1, respectively. In D. magna and C. sancticaroli exposed to TBBPA in an acute toxicity bioassay, the micropollutant accumulated at 3.74 and 8.87 μg g−1, respectively. The proposed method is a simple and cost-effective tool to determine TBBPA environmental occurrence and biomagnification potential compared with conventional extraction methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first liquid–liquid miniaturized extraction method to be applied to D. magna and C. sancticaroli. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2147–2157. © 2020 SETAC
Abstract
TBBPA quantification in complex matrices. DLLME-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS = dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction-high-performance liquid chromatography-ionization–tandem mass spectrometry.
Analytical solutions to runoff on hillslopes with curvature: numerical and laboratory verification
Authors: Lapides Dana A. , David Cy , Sytsma Anneliese , Dralle David , Thompson Sally 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPredicting the behavior of overland flow with analytical solutions to the kinematic wave equation is appealing due to its relative ease of implementation. Such simple solutions, however, have largely been constrained to applications on simple planar hillslopes. This study presents analytical solutions to the kinematic wave equation for hillslopes with modest topographic curvature that causes divergence or convergence of runoff flowpaths. The solution averages flow depths along changing hillslope contours whose lengths vary according hillslope width function, and results in a one‐dimensional approximation to the two‐dimensional flow field. The solutions are tested against both two‐dimensional numerical solutions to the kinematic wave equation (in ParFlow) and against experiments that use rainfall simulation on machined hillslopes with defined curvature properties. Excellent agreement between numerical, experimental and analytical solutions is found for hillslopes with mild to moderate curvature. The solutions show that curvature drives large changes in maximum flow rate qpeak and time of concentration tc, predictions frequently used in engineering hydrologic design and analysis.
Corporate governance and performance in sports organisations: The case of UK premier leagues
Authors: Malagila John K. , Zalata Alaa M. , Ntim Collins G. , Elamer Ahmed A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA considerable amount of accounting, economics and finance studies have investigated the link between corporate governance (CG) and performance in profit and non‐profit organisations. This paper departs from the existing literature by investigating the relationship between CG structures and both financial performance (FP, measured as return on assets (ROA) and equity (ROE)) and non‐financial performance, measured as league points won (NFP‐Points), of sports organisations with specific focus on UK premier leagues' football (soccer) teams. We collect data relating to CG structures, FP and NFP‐Points of football clubs playing in the four UK premier leagues in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales along with the English Championship teams over the 2011–2016 period. We analyse our data relating to 80 football clubs over a 6‐year period (generating 397 club‐year observations) by running a number of multivariate analyses to test our hypotheses. Our findings are as follows. First, we find that NFP‐Points is higher in clubs with larger boards, non‐executive directors (NED), CEO role duality, and higher percentage of foreign and/or younger directors, but lower in firms with higher percentage of female directors. Second and by contrast, we find that the relationship between these same set of variables and FP is, however, insignificant except for boards with NED that remained significant and negatively related to ROA. Our findings appear to reflect the prioritisation of on‐the‐field performance over off‐the‐field performance by sports organisations. Our evidence is largely robust to using alternative measures and estimation models.
Do the Shanghai–Hong Kong & Shenzhen–Hong Kong Stock Connect programs enhance co‐movement between the Mainland Chinese, Hong Kong, and U.S. stock markets?
Authors: Li Shuangqi , Chen Qi‐an 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Shanghai–Hong Kong Stock Connect (SH–HK–SC) and Shenzhen–Hong Kong Stock Connect (SZ–HK–SC) programs aim to strengthen the openness of Mainland Chinese stock market. They are considered milestones in the development process of the Mainland Chinese capital market. This paper studies the effects of the SH–HK–SC and SZ–HK–SC programs on the co‐movement between the Mainland Chinese, Hong Kong and U.S. stock markets in terms of dynamic conditional correlation by the t‐copula–DCC–GARCH model. We find that both programs do not substantively enhance the daily price co‐movements among the examined markets for all pairs except the Hong Kong–U.S. pair. The combination effect of the programs significantly enhances the weekly price co‐movements between the Mainland Chinese and Hong Kong, or U.S. stock market after the SZ–HK–SC program, with an insignificant effect on the Hong Kong–U.S. pair. Although the multiple breakpoint tests for the daily data and weekly data exhibit somewhat different results, the structural breakpoints of the dynamic correlation coefficients among the stock markets easily appear during the subprime crisis. Some possible explanations are provided for the results, and correspondent suggestions are given for investors and policymakers.
Systemic treatment for coexisting mucinous urethral adenocarcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma
Authors: Nezu Kunihisa , Okubo Teppei , Shiraiwa Manabu , Nozawa Yoshihiro , Kyan Atsushi 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionMucinous urethral adenocarcinoma is a rare and progressive cancer of the prostatic urethra. Reports on palliative systemic treatment for mucinous urethral adenocarcinoma are few. We present a case of coexisting mucinous urethral and prostate adenocarcinomas managed with systemic treatment.Case presentationA 66‐year‐old man presented with gross hematuria and urinary retention. Prostate‐specific antigen level was elevated, at 99 ng/mL, and prostate biopsy revealed moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Hormone therapy and standard chemotherapy for prostate adenocarcinoma were ineffective. Prostate re‐biopsy revealed coexisting mucinous urethral and prostate adenocarcinomas. Gemcitabine + cisplatin chemotherapy and folinic acid + 5‐fluorouracil + irinotecan chemotherapy temporarily suppressed the cancer, but 14 months after presentation, he developed liver metastasis and died. Autopsy revealed metastasis of both mucinous urethral adenocarcinoma and carcinosarcoma.ConclusionMucinous urethral adenocarcinoma is difficult to diagnose in coexistence with prostate adenocarcinoma. This was an extremely rare case showing chemoresistance due to epithelial‐mesenchymal transition.
Green production and antioxidant activity study of new pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines
Authors: Soleimani Amiri Somayeh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn current research, pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline derivative are synthesized via a new process of four component reaction of phthalaldehyde or its derivatives, primary amines, alkyl bromides, activated acetylenic compounds and potassium fluoride/Clinoptilolite nanoparticles (KF/CP NPs) under solvent‐free conditions at room temperature. Also, Dielz‐Alder reactions take place in the reaction of synthesized pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline derivatives, activated acetylenic compounds and triphenylphosphine in the presence of KF/CP NPs under solvent‐free conditions at room temperature. As well, antioxidation property of some prepared pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines are investigated by employing of trapping diphenyl‐picrylhydrazine (DPPH) radical and ability of ferric reduction experiment. Among investigated compounds, compounds 5c have good results relative to BHT and TBHQ as standard antioxidant. Our procedure has a few benefits relative to reported method such as good rate of reaction, product with high efficiency and simple removal of catalyst from mixture of reaction. In these reactions, KF/Clinoptilolite nanoparticles show a satisfactory recyclable activity.
The separation and identification of synthetic cathinones by portable low microflow liquid chromatography with dual capillary columns in series and dual wavelength ultraviolet detection
Authors: May Marisa C. , Pavone David C. , Lurie Ira S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study ascertained the viability of a portable liquid chromatograph, operating at low microliter per minute flow, for the analysis of seized drugs at remote sites as well as in laboratory settings. Synthetic cathinones were screened using dual capillary columns in series, C8 and biphenyl, with on‐column ultraviolet detection at 255 and 275 nm. The relative retention times of the two columns in series and their peak area absorbance ratio were used to determine if the 16 synthetic cathinones investigated could be uniquely identified in these conditions. Based on these parameters all of the analytes could be distinguished. Representative mixtures of synthetic cathinones were used to determine the repeatability, linearity, and limits of detection of the method. This cost effective and green instrumentation has the potential to satisfy minimum international guidelines for the analysis of seized drugs.
Deep Learning Enabled Laser Speckle Wavemeter with a High Dynamic Range
Authors: Gupta Roopam K. , Bruce Graham D. , Powis Simon J. , Dholakia Kishan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe speckle pattern produced when a laser is scattered by a disordered medium has recently been shown to give a surprisingly accurate or broadband measurement of wavelength. Here it is shown that deep learning is an ideal approach to analyze wavelength variations using a speckle wavemeter due to its ability to identify trends and overcome low signal to noise ratio in complex datasets. This combination enables wavelength measurement at high precision over a broad operating range in a single step, with a remarkable capability to reject instrumental and environmental noise, which has not been possible with previous approaches. It is demonstrated that the noise rejection capabilities of deep learning provide attometre‐scale wavelength precision over an operating range from 488 nm to 976 nm. This dynamic range is six orders of magnitude beyond the state of the art.
A module of multifactor‐mediated dysfunction guides the molecular typing of coronary heart disease
Authors: Li Yuewei , Lin Maohuan , Wang Kangjie , Zhan YaQing , Gu Wenli , Gao Guanghao , Huang Yuna , Chen Yangxin , Huang Tucheng , Wang Jingfeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) is the most common cardiovascular disease and has become a leading cause of death globally. Various molecular typing methods are available for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. However, molecular typing results are not routinely used for CHD.Methods and ResultsAiming to uncover the underlying molecular features of different types of CHD, we screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with CHD based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data and expanded those with the NCBI‐gene and OMIM databases to finally obtain 2021 DEGs. The weighted gene co‐expression analysis (WGCNA) was performed on the candidate genes, and six distinctive WGCNA modules were identified, two of which were associated with CHD. Moreover, DEGs were mined as key genes for co‐expression based on the module network relationship. Furthermore, the differentially expressed miRNAs in CHD and interactions in the database were mined in the GEO data set to build a multifactor regulatory network of key genes for co‐expression. Based on the network, the CHD samples were further classified into five clusters and we defined FTH1, HCAR3, RGS2, S100A9, and TYROBP as the top genes of the five subgroups. Finally, the mRNA levels of FTH1, S100A9, and TYROBP were found to be significantly increased, while the expression of HCAR3 was decreased in the blood of CHD patients. We did not detect measurable levels of RGS2.ConclusionThe screened core clusters of genes may be a target for the diagnosis and treatment of CHD as a molecular typing module.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing analysis of human kidney reveals the presence of ACE2 receptor: A potential pathway of COVID‐19 infection
Authors: He Qiyu , Mok Tsz N. , Yun Liang , He Chengbo , Li Jieruo , Pan Jinghua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundA novel coronavirus called SARS‐Cov‐2, which shared 82% similarity of genome sequence with SARS‐CoV, was found in Wuhan in late December of 2019, causing an epidemic outbreak of novel coronavirus‐induced pneumonia with dramatically increasing number of cases. Several organs are vulnerable to COVID‐19 infection. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was reported in parts of case‐studies reporting characteristics of COVID‐19 patients. This study aimed at analyzing the potential route of SARS‐Cov‐2 entry and mechanism at cellular level.MethodSingle‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) technology was used to obtain evidence of potential route and ACE2 expressing cell in renal system for underlying pathogenesis of kidney injury caused by COVID‐19. The whole process was performed under R with Seurat packages. Canonical marker genes were used to annotate different types of cells.ResultsTen different clusters were identified and ACE2 was mainly expressed in proximal tubule and glomerular parietal epithelial cells. From Gene Ontology (GO) & KEGG enrichment analysis, imbalance of ACE2 expression, renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) activation, and neutrophil‐related processes were the main issue of COVID‐19 leading kidney injury.ConclusionOur study provided the cellular evidence that SARS‐Cov‐2 invaded human kidney tissue via proximal convoluted tubule, proximal tubule, proximal straight tubule cells, and glomerular parietal cells by means of ACE2‐related pathway and used their cellular protease TMPRSS2 for priming.
Estimating the Discard Mortality of Atlantic Cod in the Southern Gulf of Maine Commercial Lobster Fishery
Authors: Sweezey B. B. , Capizzano C. W. , Langan J .A. , Benoît H. P. , Hutchins E. W. , Mandelman J. W. , Koh W. Y. , Dean M. J. , Anderson B. N. , Sulikowski J. A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Gulf of Maine (GOM) commercial lobster fishery has approximately 3.5 million actively fished traps and captures several nontargeted groundfish species, including Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua, as bycatch, yet there has been limited research on the incidental mortality of groundfish in this fishery. Although the mortality of Atlantic Cod has been estimated in other GOM commercial fisheries, unaccounted discard mortality in the lobster fishery may impair recovery efforts for this stock. To help meet research needs, we assessed the discard mortality rate of Atlantic Cod captured in the Maine Lobster Management Zone G commercial lobster fishery using acoustic transmitters and observations of viability. From 2016 to 2017, 111 Atlantic Cod were captured in 18,853 individual trap hauls and were observed for viability. A subsample of 54 Atlantic Cod was externally tagged with acoustic transmitters and observed after release. The combined at-vessel mortality (9.3%) and model-based long-term discard mortality (17.1%) estimates indicated an overall discard mortality rate of 24.8% for Atlantic Cod captured in commercial lobster gear. Based on this finding and the low bycatch of Atlantic Cod in the lobster fishery, the commercial lobster fishery may not be responsible—to the extent previously assumed—for hindering the GOM Atlantic Cod stock’s regrowth.
Finite element simulations of 3D planar hydraulic fracture propagation using a coupled hydro‐mechanical interface element
Authors: Gao Qian , Ghassemi Ahmad 
Published: August 2020

SummaryTwo‐dimensional hydraulic fracturing simulations using the cohesive zone model (CZM) can be readily found in the literature; however, to our knowledge, verified 3D cohesive zone modeling is not available. We present the development of a 3D fully coupled hydro‐mechanical finite element method (FEM) model (with parallel computation framework) and its application to hydraulic fracturing. A special zero‐thickness interface element based on the CZM is developed for modeling fracture propagation and fluid flow. A local traction‐separation law with strain softening is used to capture tensile cracking. The model is verified by considering penny‐shaped hydraulic fracture and plain strain Kristianovich‑Geertsma‑de Klerk hydraulic fracture (in 3D) in the viscosity‐ and toughness‐dominated regimes. Good agreement between numerical results and analytical solutions has been achieved. The model is used to investigate the influence of rock and fluid properties on hydraulic fracturing. Lower stiffness tip cohesive elements tend to yield a larger elastic deformation around the fracture tips before the tensile strength is reached, generating a larger fracture length and lower fracture pressure compared with higher stiffness elements. It is found that the energy release rate has almost no influence on hydraulic fracturing in the viscosity‐dominated regime because the energy spent in creating new fractures is too small when compared with the total input energy. For the toughness‐dominated regime, the released energy during fracturing should be accurately captured; relatively large tensile strength should be used in order to match numerical results to the asymptotic analytical solutions. It requires smaller elements when compared with those used in the viscosity‐dominated regime.
Application of Markov renewal theory and semi‐Markov decision processes in maintenance modeling and optimization of multi‐unit systems
Authors: Salari Nooshin , Makis Viliam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a condition‐based maintenance model for a multi‐unit production system is proposed and analyzed using Markov renewal theory. The units of the system are subject to gradual deterioration, and the gradual deterioration process of each unit is described by a three‐state continuous time homogeneous Markov chain with two working states and a failure state. The production rate of the system is influenced by the deterioration process and the demand is constant. The states of the units are observable through regular inspections and the decision to perform maintenance depends on the number of units in each state. The objective is to obtain the steady‐state characteristics and the formula for the long‐run average cost for the controlled system. The optimal policy is obtained using a dynamic programming algorithm. The result is validated using a semi‐Markov decision process formulation and the policy iteration algorithm. Moreover, an analytical expression is obtained for the calculation of the mean time to initiate maintenance using the first passage time theory.