bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between stigma and depression among urban refugees in Mbarara Municipality, Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Bahati Ronald , Ainamani Herbert Elvis , Sigmund Cathy Denise , Rukundo Godfrey Zari 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: More than half of the world’s refugees reside in non-camp settings, including urban areas. Refugees in urban areas often face acculturation challenges, stigma, overcoming stereotypes, and living in fear of being repatriated. Depression is one of the most frequent mental disorders experienced by refugee populations as a result of such challenges. In Uganda, the prevalence of mental disorders among urban refugees in general remains unknown and there is little epidemiological data to inform practice and policy in relation to the refugees’ mental health needs in urban areas. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between stigma and depression among urban refugees.Methods: Using snowball sampling method, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among 343 refugees residing in Mbarara Municipality, Southwestern Uganda. The Discrimination and Stigma Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire were used to assess stigma and depression respectively. Using SPSS, means, standard deviations and ranges were calculated to determine the prevalence of stigma and depression. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the associations between stigma and depression.Results: Participants in our study experienced high levels of enacted stigma (n=293, 85%) and internalized stigma (n=239, 70%). Most of the participants experienced both internalized and enacted stigma (n=288, 84%). The overall prevalence of depression was 96% (n=329) of which 16% (n=53) was mild, 17% (n=59) was moderate, 41% (n=141) was moderately severe and 22% (n=76) was severe depression. There was a significant positive correlation between stigma and depression (β= 0.37, p<.001).Conclusions: Urban refugees experience high levels of both enacted and internalized stigma. There is a strong association between stigma and depression. Interventions aimed at reducing stigma could subsequently reduce depression among refugees living in urban areas.
Association of socioeconomic factors and prevalence of depression with quality of life among the elderly in rural China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: YANG Jia-tian , WANG Fang , Cai Le , SHEN Jing-Rong , LIU Ying-Nan , Golden Allison Rabkin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This study investigates how prevalence of depression differs across socioeconomic status (SES) and examines the association of depression with quality of life (QOL) among southwest China’s rural elderly population. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 1,629 participants aged ≥60 years was conducted in rural Yunnan Province, China in 2017. Older adults’ depressive status and QOL were measured with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) and Concise Health Scale (SF-36). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between individual SES variables and the prevalence of depression, while multivariate linear regression was used to model the variation in QOL. Results The overall prevalence of depression was 12.0% in the study population, and females had a higher prevalence of depression than males (14.2% vs. 8.9%, P<0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, and residential status, older adults with lower annual household income and poor access to medical services had a higher probability of suffering from depression than their counterparts (P<0.01). Older adults who suffered from depression also had lower scores in all domains of SF-36 and overall dimensions of physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) than older adults without depression (P<0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated negative correlations between depression and dimensions of PCS and MCS (P<0.01). Conclusion Improving mental health profoundly transforms quality of life. Future interventions to reduce the prevalence of depression in the elderly should focus on female and low-income populations as well as those with poor access to medical services.
Renal Involvement In Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: Data From The Spanish Sjögrenser Cohort.
Authors: Narvaez Javier , Sánchez-Piedra Carlos , Fernández-Castro Mónica , Martínez-Taboada Víctor , Olivé Alejando , Rosas José , García-Vadillo Alberto , Júdez Enrique , Ruiz-Lucea Esther , Romani Lurdes , Montalá Núria , Andreu José Luis 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives To investigate the prevalence, associated factors, and effects of primary renal disease on morbidity in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS).Methods All patients in the SJÖGRENSER (registry of adult SSp patients of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology) cohort were retrospectively investigated for the presence of clinically significant renal involvement directly related to pSS activity.Results Of the 437 patients investigated, 39 (9%) presented overt renal involvement during follow-up. Severe renal disease necessitating kidney biopsy was relatively rare (23%). Renal involvement may complicate pSS at any time during the disease course and is associated with severe disease (indicated by higher scores of involvement, activity, and damage), systemic multiorgan involvement, and a higher frequency of lymphoma. Multivariate analysis showed that older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.07), higher European League Against Rheumatism Sjogren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index scores (OR 1.1, CI 1.03–1.18), serum anti-La/SSB positivity (OR 6.65, CI 1.41–31.372), and non-vasculitic cutaneous involvement (OR 5.47, 1.03–29.02) were independently associated with this complication. Chronic renal failure developed in 23 of 39 patients (59%); only 1 of them progressed to end-stage renal disease necessitating renal replacement therapy. Patients with renal disease showed higher Sjögren’s syndrome disease damage index scores, higher rates of hospitalization due to disease activity and higher rates of clinically relevant comorbidities.Conclusion Renal involvement is an uncommon complication in pSS that was observed in 9% of patients. Although categorized as a non-negligible comorbidity, this condition shows a favorable prognosis.
Resistance genes and gene pyramids controlling rice blast pathogen populations in eight African countries
Authors: Awande Symphorien , Kini Kossi , Itolou Kassankogno Abalo , Raveloson Harinjaka , Amayo Robert , Kalisa Alain , Oludare Aderonke , Kpemoua Kossi , Lamo Jimmy , Ouedraogo Ibrahima , Sester Mathilde , Raboin Louis-Marie , Silue Drissa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe behavior of rice varieties under natural environments in fields often differs from the expected one. For developing varieties, breeders give then a particular importance to multi-local field screening to confirm the resistance of their germplasm. We assembled 81 accessions e.g. blast differential, traditional and improved varieties and tested them for resistance to blast (Pyricularia grisea) in eight African hot spots under different ecologies. We thus expected to identify accessions and genes or gene pyramids that provide durable resistance locally or across sites.Methods81 accessions (e.g. blast differential, traditional and improved varieties were tested in hot spots in Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Madagascar, Mali, Rwanda, Togo and Uganda for resistance to leaf and neck blast. An Alpha design (randomized incomplete block) with four replications was used. Correlation between leaf blast and neck blast severity and between incidence and severity were analyzed.Results:From 2013 to 2016, multi-local screening tests were conducted at yje selected sites. Among the 81 rice accessions tested, seven accessions were consistently susceptible while 12 were resistant across locations and seasons. Interestingly, effective individual resistance genes (R genes) or gene pyramids efficient across the sites were identified. In addition, we noticed on some sites, changes in the responses of some rice accessions to the disease from one season to the other. Responses of some accessions also showed great variations from one site to another. In addition, several accessions sharing the same resistance genes exhibited different responses to blast. Regarding the neck blast, only fewer accessions could be assessed as very susceptible ones died at early stages. Although differential responses were observed in the four sites considered for the analysis, several accessions consistently resisted. In addition, results showed that leaf and neck blast resistances were correlated.ConclusionsResults obtained provide useful information on the tested germplasm resistance. In addition, it was possible to identify resistant accessions and sometimes the R genes associated which were effective locally or across sites. Results also showed shifts in pathogenicity of the pathogen populations over seasons and sites. Finally, breeders can now use this valuable information for sustainable blast resistance breeding.
Dietary Patterns, Nutritional Knowledge and Status of Adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria.
Authors: Olatona Foluke Adenike , Ogide Precious Ifeoma , Abikoye Ebunoluwa Temiloluwa , Ilesanmi Oluwafemi Temitayo , Nnoaham Kelechi Ebere 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Adolescents in low- and middle-income countries, such as Nigeria, are at increased risk of under-nutrition and overnutrition. This study assessed this risk by examining the dietary patterns, nutritional knowledge and status of adolescents in Lagos state of Nigeria.Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study in which six hundred and eighty-two (682) adolescents were selected from their communities using multistage sampling technique. Nutritional knowledge and dietary patterns were ascertained using structured, self-administered questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were taken to determine nutritional status. Data was analyzed using Epi-Info version 7.2.3.1 computer software. Chi-square was used to test for association between categorical variables and p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. WHO Anthro-Plus was used to evaluate nutritional status.Results The mean age of the adolescents was 13.6±2.3 years. Only 12.0% of them had good level of nutritional knowledge with the males having significantly higher levels. Dietary pattern and diversity were poor with the majority consuming refined cereals (73.5%), salty snacks/high fat foods (69.6%) and carbonated soft drinks (46.8%) while only 9.7% took adequate amount of fruits and vegetables daily. Prevalence of undernutrition was 5.4% while that of overweight and obesity were 10.7% and 5.3% respectively. More females were obese compared with the males. Sex, age, educational status, source of information, daily consumption of snacks, infrequent intake of fruits and vegetables, nutritional knowledge, food habits and dietary diversity were statistically significantly associated with nutritional status of adolescents in the positive direction (p≤0.05).Conclusions Nutritional knowledge and dietary patterns were poor while overweight and obesity are higher than previously reported in the region; especially among the females. Adolescent nutrition intervention programmes addressing weight control especially among females is needed in Lagos.
Clinical features of acute kidney injury in Coronavirus disease 2019—A case report with review of literature
Authors: Yuan Hai , Lu Xiaohan , Guo E , Hu Fengqi , Gao Zhao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. We surveyed 91 patients who were diagnosis as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Xiangyang, Hubei province. And we found the incident of acute kidney injury (AKI) was 3.29% (3/91), which was higher than in the whole country but similar in Hubei province.Case presentation: We describe a case of 58-year-old man who was diagnosis as AKI stage 3 and non-oliguria AKI in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. After antiviral and other supporting treatment, his kidney function improved and he was transferred to normal ward.Conclusions: This case illustrated that careful management and strict monitoring of kidney function should be employed in COVID-19 patients especially in high incidence area of COVID-19.
Clinical symptoms and psychological changes of patients with COVID-19 in Jiangxi Province
Authors: Zhou Jing , Xu Xin-Ping , Xu Fei , Shao Yi , Zou Mei-Hong , Yu Jing-Jing , Liu Fen , Zuo Wei , Xie Si-Guang , Zhou Cong-Yang , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and differences in etiology, clinical manifestations, and psychological activity of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) among patients. Results We recruited 90 subjects, 30 were healthy controls, 30 were patients with moderate infection, and 30 were patients with severe/critical infections. No significant differences were noted in the sex ratio, mean age, body mass index, or blood type; however, the history of exposure of the patients with COVID-19 compared with healthy controls was noteworthy. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate, as well as the levels of C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A (SAA) were all increased. In terms of mental health, there were significant differences in the worry scores between severely and moderately infected patients and healthy controls. There was a significant difference in depression scores between patients with moderate infection and healthy hypertension, and there was also a significant difference in dream worry scores. Analysis of the Mini-Mental State Examination scores showed that for patients with moderate infection, the depression score was moderately and positively correlated with the dream anxiety score. For patients with severe infection, the anxiety score was positively correlated with the dream anxiety score, and the depression score was moderately and positively correlated with the dream anxiety score. Conclusion Patients with severe infection showed increased pain and sputum in the pharyngeal area compared with patients with moderate infection. Patients with blood type A may be more susceptible to COVID-19, and lymphopenia may indicate worsening of COVID-19.
Study of Toll-like Receptor 3 Gene Polymorphism as a Novel Risk Factor for HCV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egypt
Authors: EL-Sharawy Shimaa , Negm Osama El- Sayed , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , EL-Sorogy Hesham Ahmed , Shehata Mona Ahmed Helmy 
Published: March 2020

Background & Aims:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive cancer
with few treatment options. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays a key role in innate immunity and may
affect the development of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the association between TLR3
gene polymorphism and HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt.

Methods:
This work was conducted on 70 individuals; fifty HCV cirrhotic patients were included in
two groups; with HCC (30 patients) and without HCC (20 patients) compared with a group of 20
apparently healthy controls. All of the studied individuals underwent clinical-laboratory evaluation.
TLR3 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (+1234C/T) was tested by polymerase chain reaction-
restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results:
This study reported that the prevalence of TLR3 +1234TT genotype was significantly increased
in cirrhotic patients with HCC than without HCC, while it was not detected at all among the
controls. When analyzing the TLR3 SNP +1234C/T with different clinical parameters in HCC patients,
there was a significant association between+1234C/T SNP; namely TT genotype and each of
the hepatic focal lesions᾽ number, size and the patients᾽ higher Okuda and BCLC stages. No association
could be detected between TLR3 SNP and the age, sex, Child-Pugh grades, MELD score or
AFP of the studied HCC cases.

Conclusion:
TLR3 gene SN P +1234C/T could be a novel risk factor for the HCV-related HCC
among the Egyptian population.
Preparation and Characterisation of Starchy Foods by Plant Polymers from Abelmoscus esculentus Agro Waste and Gracilaria corticata - for Commercial Food Applications
Authors: Archana Ganesan , Sukumar Muthusamy 
Published: March 2020

Objective:
The surface modification of high temperature processed potato chips by structurally
stable carbohydrate polymer from Abelmoscus esculentus and Gracilaria corticata were studied.
The 1% A. esculentus carbohydrate polymer surface coated chips had less coating pick up than
the chips coated with a combination of polysaccharide 1% A. esculentus + Gracilaria corticata polysaccharide.

Methods:
The mucilage polysaccharides were extracted from the A. esculentus and Gracilaria corticate
by hot solvent extraction. The mucilage coating solutions were prepared at 1% concentration individually
and in combination for coating the potato strips. The proximate analysis and characterisation
of edible coated potato chips were investigated.

Results and Discussion:
The proximate analysis of carbohydrate polysaccharide coated potato chips
showed a reduction in terms of fiber, ash, reducing sugar with a corresponding increase in protein
content than control snacks without any coating treatment. The instrumental textural analysis
revealed that maximum force required puncturing the surface structure of 1% A. esculentus and 1%
A. esculentus + Gracilaria corticata was 16.3-14.04N and 16.95-14.17N which was higher than the
force required for puncturing the surface structure of control chips (15.4-13.3N). The instrumental
color analysis was performed by image analysis technique, and the effect of the color values of the
structural polysaccharide on snack surface were expressed as L*a*b* values.

Conclusion:
The structural stability of both polysaccharides obtained by fracture force was well in
agreement with all of the sensory attributes which showed that they could act as structurally stable
polymers that could yield the highest crispiness value for the potato chips with better consumer acceptance.
Efficient Production of Biodiesel Catalyzed by Acidic Nanoporous Carbon Materials: A Review
Authors: Wang Anping , Zhang Heng , Li Hu , Yang Song 
Published: March 2020

Background:
With the gradual decrease in fossil energy, the development of alternatives
to fossil energy has attracted more and more attention. Biodiesel is considered to be the most potent
alternative to fossil energy, mainly due to its green, renewable, and biodegradable advantages. The
stable, efficient and reusable catalysts are undoubtedly the most critical in the preparation of biodiesel.
Among them, nanoporous carbon-based acidic materials are very important biodiesel catalysts.

Objective:
The latest advances of acidic nanoporous carbon catalysts in biodiesel production was
reviewed.

Methods:
Biodiesel is mainly synthesized by esterification and transesterification. Due to the important
role of nanoporous carbon-based acidic materials in the catalytic preparation of biodiesel, we
focused on the synthesis, physical and chemical properties, catalytic performance and reusability.

Results:
Acidic catalytic materials have a good catalytic performance for high acid value feedstocks.
However, the preparation of biodiesel with acid catalyst requires relatively strict reaction conditions.
The application of nanoporous acidic carbon-based materials, due to the support of carbon-based
framework, makes the catalyst exhibit good stability and unique pore structure, accelerates the reaction
mass transfer speed, which in turn accelerated the reaction.

Conclusion:
Nanoporous carbon-based acidic catalysts have the advantages such as, suitable pore
structure, high active sites, and high stability. In order to make these catalytic processes more efficient,
environmentally friendly and low cost, developing new catalytic materials with high specific
surface area, suitable pore size, high acid density, and excellent performance would be an important
research direction for the future biodiesel catalysts.
Effect of Silk Sericin Content on the Electrospun Silk Nanofibrous Membrane Property
Authors: Liu Zhi , Xia Li , Ke Huizhen , Zou Lihua 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Silk sericin has a significant influence on the regenerated silk solution and
silk-based materials property, while few reports were found to investigate this topic.

Aim:
The aim is to discuss the effect of silk sericin content on the electrospun silk nanofibrous membrane.

Methods:
Four degumming conditions (none degumming, boiling water degumming, 0.05 % Na2CO3
degumming, 0.5 % Na2CO3 degumming) were carried out for a systematic investigation in terms of
(1) the silk sericin content after degumming; (2) the morphology of regenerated silk nanofibrous
membrane was characterized by a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); and (3) structural properties
of regenerated silk nanofibrous membrane by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-Ray
Diffraction (XRD).

Results and Conclusion:
The results show that 0.5 % Na2CO3 degumming results in poor spinnability.
The solutions derived from none degumming and boiling water degumming present high viscosity,
leading to a hard silk nanofiber fabrication process. The silk nanofiber from the 0.05 % Na2CO3
degumming shows an easier fabrication process and better nanofiber morphology. These results will
benefit the silk-based materials preparation, biomedical and separation application.
OBITUARY PRESENTED IN INDONESIAN NEWSPAPER
Authors: Sabardila Atiqa , Sunanda Adyana , Sulistyono Yunus , Pratiwi Dini Restiyanti , Wahyudi Agus Budi 
Published: March 2020

The newspaper enables the readers to obtain enlightenment, particularly moral values. Moral values can be obtained through obituary writings. This study was aimed at elaborating the reference, author’s perspective, technique of collecting material, role assertion, contribution to writing biography, and motive in the obituary. The data were obtained through a documentation technique while the data source was attained from the printed version of the called Kompas Indonesia newspapers from 2015 to 2017. The newspaper was the only one in the country giving this special rubric. The study applied the referential identity method, marker reading technique, and pragmatic identity analysis as well as pedagogic and hermeneutic approach. Results show that the obituary texts in the newspaper are potential to become a learning material in Indonesian language education, particularly in the elementary school. The inspirational figures can further impact on students’ character building. Keywords: obituary, character building, motives, reference, Kompas PEMBERITAAN OBITUARI DALAM SURAT KABAR INDONESIA AbstrakSurat kabar memungkinkan pembaca mendapatkan pencerahan, khususnya nilai-nilai moral. Nilai-nilai moral dapat diperoleh melalui penulisan berita kematian di surat kabar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan referensi, perspektif penulis, teknik mengumpulkan bahan, peran peran, kontribusi untuk menulis biografi, dan motif dalam berita kematian. Data diperoleh melalui teknik dokumentasi; sementara sumber data diperoleh dari surat kabar cetak bernama Kompas Indonesia pada 2015-2017. Sumber data hanya diambil dari koran Kompas mengingat bahwa Kompas satu-satunya koran yang menyediakan kolom mengenai isu ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode identitas referensial dan teknik marker reading. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode referensial, teknik membaca penanda, dan metode identitas pragmatis serta pendekatan pedagogik dan hermeneutik. Berdasarkan analisis data yang disajikan dalam artikel ini, teks berita kematian berpotensi menjadi bahan pembelajaran dalam pendidikan bahasa Indonesia, khususnya di Sekolah Dasar. Tokoh-tokoh inspirasional dapat lebih jauh berdampak pada pembentukan karakter siswa. Kata kunci: obituari, pembentukan karakter, motif, referensi, Kompas