bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of erosive and abrasive challenges on the glaze layer applied to ceramic materials
Authors: Willers Amanda Endres , da Silva Beatriz Togoro Ferreira , Siriani Luciana Kfouri , Cesar Paulo Francisco , Matos Adriana Bona 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to evaluate the effect of erosive, abrasive, and erosive/abrasive challenges on the glaze layer of ceramic materials.MethodsNinety‐five samples of monolithic zirconia (MZ) (LuxaCam Zircon HT‐Plus) and lithium disilicate (LD) (IPS e.max CAD) were divided according to the response variables: Surface roughness and surface loss (n = 10), evaluated with optical profilometry; surface topography, with scanning electron microscopy SEM (n = 3); and biofilm deposition, with microbiological assay (n = 5). The evaluations were performed in three different time evaluations: (a) Sintered, (b) Glaze, and (c) Challenge (Erosion, Abrasion, and Erosion/Abrasion). Erosion consisted in immersing specimens in HCl solution, abrasion was performed with brushing machine, and erosion/abrasion consisted of a combination of the two previous protocols. Data were analyzed with parametric tests (P < 0.05).ResultsMZ glaze layer presented significantly higher surface roughness (P = 0.00), surface loss (P = 0.03), and biofilm deposition (P = 0.00) than LD. Abrasion and erosion/abrasion showed similar outcomes, generating significantly higher surface roughness (P = 0.00), surface loss (P = 0.00), and biofilm deposition (P = 0.01) than erosion.ConclusionsGlaze layer properties were altered by the challenges, with abrasion and erosion/abrasion generating higher surface roughness, surface loss, and biofilm deposition than erosion. A significant correlation was found between the surface roughness and biofilm deposition.Clinical significanceThe glaze layer is susceptible to challenges, especially to abrasion and erosion/abrasion, which generated greater surface roughness and surface loss than erosion. The greater surface roughness lead to a greater biofilm deposition on the glaze layer.
Assessment of disease severity on capsule endoscopy in patients with small bowel villous atrophy
Authors: Chetcuti Zammit Stefania , McAlindon Mark E , Sanders David S , Sidhu Reena 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThere is a lack of uniformity of reporting on features of celiac disease (CD) on small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). This makes determining extent of disease and comparison of severity of disease challenging.MethodsDe‐identified SBCEs of 300 patients (78 CD [26%], 18 serology negative villous atrophy [6%], and 204 controls with normal duodenal histology [68%]) were included. Videos were reviewed by two experts. All patients had duodenal histology taken within 2 weeks of SBCE. The degree of agreement in CD features and extent of disease was then determined. The resulting score for each factor was used to determine overall severity of disease.ResultsThere was substantial agreement in the kappa coefficient for the detection of CD features between reviewers (0.67). Agreement for extent of affected small bowel (SB) mucosa was high (0.97). On multiple regression analysis, several features of CD correlated with extent of affected SB mucosa for both reviewers. The odds ratios derived from this analysis were then used to score features of CD, enabling scores of severity to be calculated for each patient. The median overall scores for patients increased significantly according to the independent classification of severity by the capsule reviewers: mild (20, 0–79), moderate (45, 25–123), and severe (89, 65–130) (P = 0.0001).ConclusionThe good correlation of CD scores between expert reviewers confirms the validity of features of CD on SBCE. An objective score of CD features in the SB is useful in the follow up of patients with CD and serology negative villous atrophy.
Prevalence and pattern of energy drink intake among Australian adolescents
Authors: Trapp G. , Hurworth M. , Christian H. , Bromberg M. , Howard J. , McStay C. , Ambrosini G. , Martin K. , Harray A. , Cross D. , Oddy W. , Hammond D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundEnergy drinks (ED) are popular among young people despite evidence of associated health risks. Research into the prevalence and pattern of ED intake among young people is sparse. The present study investigates the prevalence and pattern of ED intake among a large sample of adolescents, including how many consume them, how often, for what reasons and in what contexts.MethodsIn 2018, all students in grades 7–12 attending 25 randomly selected Western Australian schools were invited to complete an online self‐report survey about EDs.ResultsOf the 3688 respondents, 51.2% reported consuming an ED. Of these ‘ever consumers’, 23.4% drank them monthly, 19.2% weekly and 2% every day. The average age of first intake was 10.7 years. One‐fifth (19.7%) of ‘ever consumers’ reported consuming more than two EDs in 1 day. Reasons for ED use included taste, to boost energy levels, sport performance and studying.ConclusionsThe findings add to limited international evidence about adolescent ED use and provide valuable information to help ensure interventions to reduce intake address the underlying reasons and contexts of ED consumption.
Leveraging Digital Technology for Treatment of Young Patients with Congenital Conditions: A Clinical Report
Authors: Nguyen Jennifer Pham , Chandy Tintu Sara , Sparks Janine , Driscoll Carl F. , Masri Radi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractYoung patients with ectodermal dysplasia and Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome present with unique characteristics and corresponding treatment challenges. Congenitally missing teeth or conditions leading to premature tooth loss may be exhibited. Underdeveloped or easily traumatized oral structures are commonly seen and must be rehabilitated with care. These oral features can have a negative impact on the patients’ quality of life and may require special considerations during dental treatment. This report follows the initial treatments of a 6‐year‐old patient with ectodermal dysplasia and a 20‐year‐old patient with Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome, with the incorporation of digital technologies in their subsequent oral rehabilitation.
Using projective techniques and Food Neophobia Scale to explore the perception of traditional ethnic foods in Central Mexico: A preliminary study on the beverage Sende
Authors: Bernal‐Gil Norma Yareli , Favila‐Cisneros Héctor Javier , Zaragoza‐Alonso Jazmín , Cuffia Facundo , Rojas‐Rivas Edgar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFoods considered ethnic are produced and consumed in a specific region. As well it has been documented that consumers expresses fear of the intention of eating new foods. Furthermore, the perception of the Mexican consumers toward ethnic foods has been scarcely studied. The aim of this work was to explore the perception toward Sende—a traditional ethnic Mazahua beverage of low alcoholic content, produced from germinated corn, dried, cooked and fermented—using word association (WA) and Food Neophobia Scale (FNS). A questionnaire was designed and applied to 160 people in a locality in Central Mexico where, traditionally, this beverage is produced. The mean of FNS was 26.70, which suggests that food neophobia level in the sample under study was low. Through WA, 13 categories were obtained which reflect the perception toward the beverage. By means of cluster analysis, three groups were obtained, which presented differences in FNS and the categories obtained through WA. These results may serve to promote and foster the consumption of traditional ethnic foods, which are not familiar for the population, this with a view to increasing the number of new producing establishments, improving profitability and developing the local economy.Practical applicationsThere is a wide range of traditional ethnic foods in Mexico. However, many are unknown to the population and are falling in disuse, which could lead to their disappearance. The results of this work might help local producers or institutions from different regions of the country to promote their gastronomic heritage, particularly their traditional ethnic foods. Furthermore, this research shows that young people may be more interested in trying and consuming this type of food products. In that sense, campaigns to promote and disseminate ethnic foods could focus on this consumer sector considering their levels of acceptance or rejection when consuming little known or non diet food products.
Surveyed impact of intellectual property training in STEM education on innovation, research, and development
Authors: O'Sullivan S. , Friebe Michael , Tonti W. R. , Hartnett Margaret , Castro Manuel , Pozzo M. I. , Nilsiam Y. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper analyzes the findings of an international survey questionnaire to which responses were received from over 500 members from different technical societies of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The survey is primarily intended to uncover members' perceptions of patent filing and research‐driven innovation. Our thesis statement is twofold. First, the introduction of basic intellectual property (IP) courses to university Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics curricula would teach students valuable basics of IP and associated issues, technology protection; and possibly stimulate novel/innovative R&D outcomes. Second, studying relevant active/lapsed/expired patent documents could provide stimulating input for ongoing academic research. After analyzing the survey results we conclude that IP coursework could be a catalyst for students and researchers to explore patent opportunities related to their specific interests. The resulting knowledge would further enable researchers to prepare more compelling funding applications. In our experience, IEEE conference publications are often closely aligned with inventions to solve pressing technical problems. Conference papers typically comprise of cutting‐edge research/industry findings, with a short time between paper submission and presentation. Furthermore, conference organizers choose themes representing the forefront of technologies that often lead to inventions. These could fuel patent developments, but academic research environments often provide little if any incentives for academic researchers to prepare and file patent applications. Indeed, the attainment of high impact journal publications remains the primary metric by which research activity is judged and future academic tenure achieved.
Translation as Translingual Writing Practice in English as an Additional Language
Authors: BEILER INGRID RODRICK , DEWILDE JOKE 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTranslation has recently been revived as an approach to language learning that builds on students’ linguistic repertoires, particularly in linguistically diverse classrooms. However, few studies have examined how students use translation as part of writing in an additional language. This article provides new insights based on the translation practices of 22 newly arrived students in Norway during English writing instruction. Using linguistic ethnographic methods, the study combines multiple data sources (screen recordings, classroom audio recordings, language portraits, student texts, interviews) that provide detailed insights into translation moves and participant perspectives. The findings highlight the linguistic and mediational translation strategies that structured students’ translation practices during English writing, but also reveal tensions in students’ orientations to translation. Despite these tensions, translation served as a key means of aligning students’ communicative resources to write in English as an additional language. A translingual orientation toward writing and translation facilitates the recognition of students’ translation practices as alignment of ecological affordances with an integrated repertoire of semiotic resources across languages, modalities, and media. We conclude that translation can develop students’ performative competence in ways that support their in‐school English writing but also prepare them to encounter text in new contexts.
Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of lurasidone monotherapy for the treatment of bipolar I depression
Authors: Kato Tadafumi , Ishigooka Jun , Miyajima Mari , Watabe Kei , Fujimori Tomohiro , Masuda Takahiro , Higuchi Teruhiko , Vieta Eduard 
Published: August 2020

AimPrevious studies conducted primarily in the USA and Europe have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of lurasidone 20–120 mg/day for the treatment of bipolar I depression. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lurasidone monotherapy for the treatment of bipolar I depression among patients from diverse ethnic backgrounds, including those from Japan.MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to double‐blind treatment for 6 weeks with lurasidone, 20–60 mg/day (n = 184) or 80–120 mg/day (n = 169), or placebo (n = 172). The primary end‐point was change from baseline to Week 6 on the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).ResultsLurasidone treatment significantly reduced mean MADRS total scores from baseline to Week 6 for the 20–60‐mg/day group (−13.6; adjusted P = 0.007; effect size = 0.33), but not for the 80–120‐mg/day group (−12.6; adjusted P = 0.057; effect size = 0.22) compared with placebo (−10.6). Treatment with lurasidone 20–60 mg/day also improved MADRS response rates, functional impairment, and anxiety symptoms. The most common adverse events associated with lurasidone were akathisia and nausea. Lurasidone treatments were associated with minimal changes in weight, lipids, and measures of glycemic control.ConclusionMonotherapy with once daily doses of lurasidone 20–60 mg, but not 80–120 mg, significantly reduced depressive symptoms and improved functioning in patients with bipolar I depression. Results overall were consistent with previous studies, suggesting that lurasidone 20–60 mg/day is effective and safe in diverse ethnic populations, including Japanese.
Benign notochordal cell tumor of the lung: Report of a case
Authors: Shintaku Masayuki , Kikuchi Ryutaro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA surgical case of a benign notochordal cell tumor of the lung is reported. The patient was an asymptomatic 41‐year‐old man, who was incidentally found to have a small tumor in the subpleural region of the left lingular segment. Since wedge resection of the tumor, the patient has been free from recurrence. The tumor measured 12 mm in diameter and showed a central cystic change. It consisted of a diffuse proliferation of polygonal cells with abundant, uni‐ or multi‐vacuolated cytoplasm and bland nuclei. The tumor did not show a lobular architecture and lacked a myxoid or fibrous connective tissue containing blood vessels. In the peripheral region of the tumor, a small number of alveolar epithelial cells were entrapped. The nuclei of tumor cells were immunoreactive for brachyury, and the cytoplasm was positive for cytokeratin and S‐100 protein. The entrapment of alveolar epithelial cells suggests infiltrative growth of the tumor, and the almost complete absence of blood vessels within the tumor may have restricted tumor growth and induced a cystic change in the central region.
Expanding the Reach of Representativeness, Discretion, and Collaboration: The Unrealized Potential of Public Administration Research in Atrocity Prevention
Authors: Appe Susan , Rubaii Nadia , Whigham Kerry 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMass atrocities constitute a “wicked” problem that warrants greater attention from public administration scholars. The role bureaucrats have in committing or contributing to mass atrocities is well documented, yet bureaucrats also have the potential to play crucial roles in stopping current, preventing future, and responding to past atrocities. Despite the central role of public administrators in mass atrocities and prevention, public administration scholarship is largely silent on such topics, effectively ceding this problem to other disciplines and professions. Using three pressing challenges facing atrocity prevention practitioners and scholars as examples, this article illustrates how public administration theories and public administrators in practice can contribute to prevention by focusing their attention on upstream (before conflict) stages. The overarching goal is to frame atrocity prevention in terms that will resonate with public administration scholars while also providing a roadmap for the field's engagement with these issues.
Engaging Multiple Worldviews With Quantitative Decision Support: A Robust Decision‐Making Demonstration Using the Lake Model
Authors: Lempert Robert J. , Turner Sara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMany of today's most pressing policy challenges are usefully characterized as wicked problems. With contested framings parties to a decision disagree not only on potential solutions, but on the nature of the problem they are trying to solve. The quantitative tools of risk and policy analysis, commonly designed to develop and compare choices within a single decision framing, are poorly designed to bring quantitative information into debates with contested framings. This study aims to build on recent advances in decision making under deep uncertainty (DMDU) to demonstrate methods and tools that may help resolve the tension between quantitative decision support and multiworldview approaches for addressing wicked problems. The study employs robust decision making (RDM), one common DMDU method, and a new version of the lake model, a simple and widely used model of a coupled human and natural system, to conduct a stylized analysis that reflects three different worldviews. The RDM analysis solves the decision challenge independently for each worldview and then compares each set of solutions from the vantage of the other worldviews. The resulting utopia–dystopia matrix informs problem reframing that seeks robust, adaptive strategies independently consistent with each worldview and thus provides a locus for agreement. The study describes how stakeholder engagements might use such analytic tools and their information products to provide overlapping but alternative entry points for groups with fundamentally different worldviews to engage with each other in deliberative processes appropriate for wicked problems.
Energy, Financial, and Environmental Investigation of a Direct Steam Production Power Plant Driven by Linear Fresnel Solar Reflectors
Authors: Ghodbane Mokhtar , Bellos Evangelos , Said Zafar , Boumeddane Boussad , Khechekhouche Abderrahmane , Sheikholeslami Mohsen , Ali Ziad M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The objective of this paper is the investigation of the annual performance of a solar power plant with linear Fresnel reflectors in the El-Oued region at Algeria. The solar collectors produce water steam that feeds a turbine to produce electricity. The System Advisor Model (sam) tool is used for simulation. The mean net daily electricity production rate from 8:30 am to 5:30 pm is 48 MWe, and the respective annual production is 210,336 MWh/year. The mean daily optical efficiency of the solar field was close to 52%, while the mean thermal efficiency was about 39%. The net daily cycle efficiency is found to be 24%. The net capital cost of the examined system is $393 million, and the developer net present value is $47 million; the investor net present value is $15 million, the entire period of capital recovery is 11 years, and the levelized cost of electricity is 0.0382 $/kWh. The solar power plant leads to the yearly avoidance of 420,672 tons carbon dioxide emissions (operational cost savings of $6.1 million). Based on the obtained results, linear Fresnel reflectors can be used to achieve satisfying, energetic, financial, and environmental performance that can lead to sustainability.
Through the Perilous Fight: A Case Analysis of Professional Wrestling During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Davidson Nicholas P. , Du James , Giardina Michael D. 
Published: August 2020

The rapidly escalating COVID-19 pandemic has forced the sport industry into unchartered territory. Beginning on March 11, 2020, when the National Basketball Association suspended its season, the American sports landscape has consequently encountered an unprecedented number of temporary suspensions, postponements, and cancellations. Although most major leagues and their pertaining sports have halted to a sudden stop, professional wrestling has surprisingly continued on, including World Wrestling Entertainment’s WrestleMania 36, which was held without fans in attendance. The maintenance of professional wrestling during the COVID-19 crisis has presented a unique situation, in which fans and companies involved in the sport have rallied on social media platforms behind the sport’s relative normality in a time of global uncertainty. Leveraging publicly trackable Twitter data, we analyzed public sentiments toward two of the largest companies (e.g., World Wrestling Entertainment and All Elite Wrestling) in the professional wrestling industry and related trends during the widespread onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. The results represent exploratory insights surrounding the continuation of professional wrestling during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Long-term anatomical and functional outcomes after autokeratoplasty
Authors: Sanjuán Pablo , Julio Gemma , Bolaños Jennifer , Álvarez de Toledo Juan , García de Oteyza Gonzalo , Temprano José , Barraquer Rafael Ignacio 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundTo evaluate the anatomical and functional outcomes of autologous contralateral penetrating keratoplasty (autokeratoplasty).MethodsKaplan-Meier survival analyses were retrospectively performed. Anatomical failure was defined as regraft or graft permanently cloudy at any time during follow-up. Functional failure was defined as the final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) <20/400.ResultsThirty-one eyes of 31 patients (19 men), with a mean age of 52±18 years (range 15–81 years) were studied during a mean follow-up of 11.3 years (from 13 months to 48 years). At 12 months postoperatively, all the recipient eyes showed a transparent cornea, but 23% showed functional failure. At the final followup, 16 recipient eyes (52%) showed anatomical and functional success. Twenty-three eyes (74%) showed a clear cornea and 68% reached a better BCVA when compared with preoperative measurements. Nevertheless, 13/31 eyes (42%) displayed functional failure. The accumulative probabilities for anatomical success were 100%, 72% and 48% and 77%, 59% and 29% for functional success at 1, 10 and 40 years, respectively. The most common risk factor for failure was progression of previous glaucoma in 50% of the anatomical failures and in 77% of the functional failures.ConclusionsAutokeratoplasty could be a successful long-term option in patients having one eye with a clear cornea but with irreversible visual dysfunction and the contralateral eye having favourable visual potential limited only by a completely opacified cornea. Progression of previous glaucoma was the most important risk factor for long-term cornea decompensation and visual functional failure in the sample.