bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal stimulus segmentation by reinforcement learning in populations of spiking neurons
Authors: Donne Luisa Le , Urbanczik Robert , Senn Walter , Camera Giancarlo La 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLearning to detect, identify or select stimuli is an essential requirement of many behavioral tasks. In real life situations, relevant and non-relevant stimuli are often embedded in a continuous sensory stream, presumably represented by different segments of neural activity. Here, we introduce a neural circuit model that can learn to identify action-relevant stimuli embedded in a spatio-temporal stream of spike trains, while learning to ignore stimuli that are not behaviorally relevant. The model uses a biologically plausible plasticity rule and learns from the reinforcement of correct decisions taken at the right time. Learning is fully online; it is successful for a wide spectrum of stimulus-encoding strategies; it scales well with population size; and can segment cortical spike patterns recorded from behaving animals. Altogether, these results provide a biologically plausible theory of reinforcement learning in the absence of prior information on the relevance and timing of input stimuli.
AINTEGUMENTA and AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6 directly regulate floral homeotic and growth genes in young flowers
Authors: Krizek Beth A. , Bantle Alexis T. , Heflin Jorman M. , Han Han , Freese Nowlan H. , Loraine Ann E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractArabidopsis flower primordia give rise to floral organ primordia in stereotypical positions within four concentric whorls. Floral organ primordia in each whorl undergo distinct developmental programs to become one of four organ types (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels). The Arabidopsis transcription factors AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) and AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE6 (AIL6) play critical and partially overlapping roles during floral organogenesis. They are required for correct positioning of floral organ initiation, contribute to the specification of floral organ identity, and regulate the growth and morphogenesis of developing floral organs. To gain insight into the molecular means by which ANT and AIL6 contribute to floral organogenesis, we identified the genome-wide binding sites of both ANT and AIL6 in stage 3 flower primordia, the developmental stage at which sepal primordia become visible and class B and C floral homeotic genes are first expressed. AIL6 binds to a subset of ANT sites, suggesting that AIL6 regulates some but not all of the same target genes as ANT. ANT and AIL6 binding sites are associated with genes involved in many biological processes related to meristem and flower organ development. Comparison of genes associated with both ANT and AIL6 ChIP-Seq peaks and those differentially expressed after perturbation of ANT or AIL6 activity identified likely direct targets of ANT and AIL6 regulation. These include the floral homeotic genesAPETALA3(AP3) andAGAMOUS(AG) and four growth regulatory genes:BIG BROTHER(BB),ROTUNDIFOLIA3(ROT3),ANGUSTIFOLIA3/GRF INTERACTING FACTOR(AN3/GIF1), andXYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOLSYLASE/HYDROLASE9(XTH9).One Sentence SummaryThe transcription factors ANT and AIL6 directly regulate genes involved in different aspects of flower development including genes that specify floral organ identity and those that regulate growth.
SLIDR and SLOPPR: Flexible identification of spliced leadertrans-splicing and prediction of eukaryotic operons from RNA-Seq data
Authors: Wenzel Marius A. , Müller Berndt , Pettitt Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSpliced leader (SL)trans-splicing replaces the 5’ end of pre-mRNAs with the spliced leader, an exon derived from a specialised non-coding RNA originating from elsewhere in the genome. This process is essential for resolving polycistronic pre-mRNAs produced by eukaryotic operons into monocistronic transcripts. SLtrans-splicing and operons may have independently evolved multiple times throughout Eukarya, yet our understanding of these phenomena is limited to only a few well-characterised organisms, most notablyC. elegansand trypanosomes. The primary barrier to systematic discovery and characterisation of SLtrans-splicing and operons is the lack of computational tools for exploiting the surge of transcriptomic and genomic resources for a wide range of eukaryotes.ResultsHere we present two novel pipelines that automate the discovery of SLs and the prediction of operons in eukaryotic genomes from RNA-Seq data. SLIDR assembles putative SLs from 5’ read tails present after read alignment to a reference genome or transcriptome, which are then verified by interrogating corresponding SL RNA genes for sequence motifs expected inbona fideSL RNA molecules. SLOPPR identifies RNA-Seq reads that contain a given 5’ SL sequence, quantifies genomewide SLtrans-splicing events and predicts operons via distinct patterns of SLtrans-splicing events across adjacent genes. We tested both pipelines with organisms known to carry out SLtrans-splicing and organise their genes into operons, and demonstrate that 1) SLIDR correctly detects expected SLs and often discovers novel SL variants; 2) SLOPPR correctly identifies functionally specialised SLs, correctly predicts known operons and detects plausible novel operons.ConclusionsSLIDR and SLOPPR are flexible tools that will accelerate research into the evolutionary dynamics of SLtrans-splicing and operons throughout Eukarya and improve gene discovery and annotation for a wide-range of eukaryotic genomes. Both pipelines are implemented in Bash and R and are built upon readily available software commonly installed on most bioinformatics servers. Biological insight can be gleaned even from sparse, low-coverage datasets, implying that an untapped wealth of information can be derived from existing RNA-Seq datasets as well as from novel full-isoform sequencing protocols as they become more widely available.
feamiR: Feature selection based on Genetic Algorithms for predicting miRNA-mRNA interactions
Authors: Williams Eleanor C. , Calinescu Anisoara , Mohorianu Irina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractmicroRNAs play a key role in RNA interference, the sequence-driven targeting of mRNAs that regulates their translation to proteins, through translation inhibition or the degradation of the mRNA. Around ~ 30% of animal genes may be tuned by microRNAs. The prediction of miRNA/mRNA interactions is hindered by the short length of the interaction (seed) region (~7- 8nt). We collate several large datasets overviewing validated interactions and proposefeamiR, a novel pipeline comprising optimised classification approaches (Decision Trees/Random Forests and an efficient feature selection based on embryonic Genetic Algorithms used in conjunction with Support Vector Machines) aimed at identifying discriminative nucleotide features, on the seed, compensatory and flanking regions, that increase the prediction accuracy for interactions. Common and specific combinations of features illustrate differences between reference organisms, validation techniques or tissue/cell localisation.feamiR revealed new key positions that drive the miRNA/mRNA interactions, leading to novel questions on the mode-of-action of miRNAs.
Methodological Insights Experiencing and knowing in the field: an autoethnographic account of conducting audit fieldwork in China
Authors: Zou Yanru 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper provides a researcher's account of fieldwork experience in conducting audit research in China. By illustrating on-site fieldwork encounters, the paper reflects stages of access negotiation and management in the fieldwork, reveals the researcher's embodied “affects” in the fieldwork and reasserts the value of researcher's openness and attention in the fieldwork.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses autoethnography as its overall epistemology. Fieldwork diaries and vignettes are written in the first-person voice to present the researcher's embodied account of fieldwork experience, researcher’s learning and coping skills in managing the fieldwork.FindingsThe research findings are not detached from the researcher's experience of the fieldwork. The fieldwork experiences in this study highlight that the fieldwork access is an ongoing process. Different stages of access negotiations, from rejection to acceptance, reveal the tensions between researcher and participants. This study draws attention to the online platform, WeChat, in connecting with auditors to learn from them and suggests openness to the fieldwork encounters and a resilient engagement with auditors.Originality/valueIn reflecting on the researcher's transformation during the fieldwork, this paper argues for a relational and engaged way of conducting fieldwork, rather than a disengaged and judgemental approach in studying auditors' working lives. The paper pays attention to fieldwork as a process and how the knowledge learned in the field is infused with researcher's fieldwork experiences.
A framework for procurement process re-engineering in Industry 4.0
Authors: Tripathi Shubham , Gupta Manish 
Published: December 2020

PurposeProcurement is a crucial part of supply chain management, consistently becoming a strategic vantage point in global competition. The industry 4.0 paradigm is transforming supply chains to smarter systems, giving rise to the concept of procurement 4.0. A systematic framework to transform in current scenario is crucial.Design/methodology/approachThis study brings together these current researches to propose a redesigned procurement process by combining several technologies. A BPR approach is taken to present the new process and its merits are discussed.FindingsA re-designed procurement framework is proposed. Radical improvements of cost, cycle time, human effort, degree of automation, traceability, information availability and uncertainty are achievable with the proposed framework.Practical implicationsThe proposed re-engineered process addresses the visualization barrier for managers. The proposed framework is grounded on BPR which provides a generic ground for developing redesign exercise along with the visualization of new process.Originality/valueThere is literature discussing implementation, impact and advantages of individual and combination of technologies on procurement process but lacks visualization of the transformed process combining these technologies.
Board diversity: female director participation and corporate innovation
Authors: Vafaei Alireza , Henry Darren , Ahmed Kamran , Alipour Mohammad 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of board female participation on Australian firms’ innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
Data are from the 500 largest Australian Securities Exchange (ASX)-listed companies for 2004–2015. Measures of innovation concern input (research and development expenditure and intangible assets) and output (patents registered) indicators.

Findings
A positive and significant association exists between female director participation and firm innovation activity. This association exists across industry classifications independent of technological importance and is particularly driven by materials and health-care sectors. Findings support calls for more board diversity in line with board female membership positively influencing innovative investment and development activities.

Practical implications
The economic efficacy of the latest revisions to the ASX Corporate Governance Council principles and recommendations (“ASX CGC revisions”) is supported. Diverse boards are a strong source of innovation. Regulators and corporations can use the findings to establish principles and practices that promote female board diversity.

Originality/value
This study is the first to examine the link between board diversity and corporate innovation in Australia where there is under-representation of women on corporate boards and in key management positions. Also lacking are formal legislative or governance policy mandates on board gender diversity. Beyond confirming a positive association between board diversity and levels of corporate innovation, this paper provides new findings that this relationship is driven by women who are non-executive (independent) directors, independent of the underlying technology intensity of firms and moderated by the nature of firm-level profitability and growth opportunities.
Effects of cross-border acquisitions on efficiency and productivity of acquired companies: evidence from cement industry
Authors: Savović Slađana , Mimović Predrag 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of cross-border acquisitions on the efficiency and productivity of acquired companies in the cement industry in the context of a transitional economy.Design/methodology/approachThe Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index were used to assess the efficiency and productivity of the acquired companies over the period 2000–2018. DEA and Malmquist index are combined with bootstrapping to perform succinct statistical inferences for determining the accuracy of results. The study assesses partial efficiency and productivity of three inputs: material, capital and labour, as well as the total factor efficiency and productivity of the acquired companies in the short and long term after the acquisitions.FindingsThe research results suggest that efficiency of material, efficiency of labour and the total factor efficiency of the acquired companies are higher after the acquisitions than before, while efficiency of capital is lower. In addition, the results show that the acquisitions had a positive impact on total factor productivity of the acquired companies.Practical implicationsThe results of this study have practical implications for managers, especially for policy-makers and industry analysts in deciding whether to encourage or discourage cross-border acquisitions in transitional economies.Originality/valueThe study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of cross-border acquisitions on efficiency and productivity of acquired companies in the manufacturing industry. Research in transitional economies related to subject matter is limited, and this study is the first empirical investigation of the effect of cross-border acquisitions on the efficiency and productivity in the cement industry in Serbia by applying the Data Envelopment Analysis.
Leadership strategies and internal communication in public organizations
Authors: Jacobsen Christian Bøtcher , Salomonsen Heidi Houlberg 
Published: December 2020

PurposeLeadership can cultivate shared understandings of goals within organizations. Transformational leaders engage in vision-sharing, whereas transactional leaders apply contingent rewards and sanctions. To set the stage for better performing organizations, public managers could lead in ways to improve the communication that flows internally in public organizations, defined as the internal communication performance. Previous studies have linked transformational leadership with internal communication performance in public organizations, but no studies have considered the broader array of leadership strategies and their combination. The purpose of this study is to assess the strength of the relationship between different forms of leadership (transformational and transactional) and internal communication.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a balanced panel dataset of 751 employees.FindingsThe analysis corroborates the existing findings of a relationship between transformational and internal communication, and it identifies a relationship between transactional leadership through verbal rewards and internal communication.Originality/valueIn so doing, the study brings new insights to our understanding of how leaders in public organizations can improve the internal communication in their organizations, which has been linked to, among others, how employees themselves perceive the red tape and performance within public organizations.
Research on discipline development and discipline difference of intelligence science in China
Authors: Li Shuqing , Ding Li , Ding Xiaowei , Hu Huan , Zhang Yu 
Published: December 2020

PurposeWith the continuous change of research contents and methods of intelligence science, its integration with other disciplines is also deepening. The purpose of this paper is to further explore the interdisciplinary research characteristics of intelligence science in theoretical depth and application value.Design/methodology/approachThis paper summarizes and explores in two aspects. The first is a large number of literature review, mainly combined with the historical characteristics of the development of intelligence science researches in China and international comparison. The second is to refine the discipline construction ideas suitable for the development of contemporary intelligence science.FindingsFrom the perspective of the historical development of discipline relevance, the development characteristics and positioning of intelligence science in China are introduced, with the comparison of many disciplines including information technology, library science, information science, data science, management science and other disciplines. In order to better meet the practical needs of intelligence service in the new era, this paper mainly analyzes the construction method of intelligence science research system and the relocation of intelligence science research content.Originality/valueThis paper summarizes the historical characteristics and international comparison of the development of intelligence science in China. It proposes the development characteristics and orientation of intelligence science in China from the perspective of historical development of discipline relevance. It also proposes the discipline construction ideas suitable for the development of contemporary intelligence science.
The shift to collaborative working and integration in the English NHS: developing shared leadership in primary care networks
Authors: Willcocks Steve , Conway Tony 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore leadership in the context of the policy shift to collaborative working and integration currently being pursued in the UK NHS. As ways of integrating care are being explored in other countries it can be argued that this topic may have wider policy significance. This paper is particularly concerned with leadership in Primary Care Networks in the English NHS.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a conceptual paper using literature relating to the antecedents of shared leadership and relevant policy documents pertaining to the English NHS. The paper is informed, theoretically by the conceptual lens of shared leadership. A conceptual framework is developed identifying the antecedents of shared leadership that help to explain how shared leadership may be developed.FindingsThe paper identifies the challenges that may be faced by policymakers and those involved in Primary Care Networks in developing shared leadership. It also reveals the implications for policymakers in developing shared leadership.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is conceptual. It is acknowledged that this is a preliminary study and further work will be required to test the conceptual framework empirically.Practical implicationsThe paper discusses the policy implications of developing leadership in primary care networks. This has relevance to both the NHS and other countries.Originality/valueThere is limited research on the antecedents of shared leadership. In addition, the conceptual framework is applied to a new policy initiative.
M-coupon's sharing behaviour on social media: intrinsic vs extrinsic motivation
Authors: Sharma Ayushi , Joshi Rakesh Mohan 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe focus of this study lies in understanding the extrinsic vs intrinsic motivators which drive the m-coupon sharing behaviour in social networking sites (SNSs). A consumer can make promotional tool (in our case m-coupons) viral if the cues trigger an apt motivation. This study fills the need gap by identifying which motivations must be focused to make a promotional tool viral by the consumer especially in an emerging economy like India.Design/methodology/approachWe designed conceptual framework based on extensive literature review and employed hierarchal regression methodology to investigate the motivation to share m-coupon.FindingsSense of self-worth, Socializing and Reciprocity emerge as strong reasons for a consumer to share m-coupons amongst friends and peers in SNS. Results have shown that intrinsic motivation works very effectively when a consumer shares m-coupons in SNSs.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has certain limitations. First, the impact of age, gender and education can also influence the results as perception evolves with age and education. Second, in our study, we have not classified m-coupons in different categories. Different types of m-coupons may have a different impact on consumers.Practical implicationsThe paper presents findings, which are useful for marketers to develop a customer-centric viral promotional strategy.Originality/valueThis study is one of the few studies in integrating types of motivation with coupon proneness and coupon sharing in social media. This study has specifically targeted the emerging economy where m-coupons usage has seen a surge. Study has shown that it is the intrinsic motivation which is very crucial for encouraging consumer for participating in SNSs and share e-word of mouth amongst friends and peers.
Innovation intelligence and its role in environmental uncertainty management: a conceptual framework
Authors: Nobari Niloofar , Mobini Dehkordi Ali , Akbari Morteza , Padash Hamid 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Organizations need actionable knowledge to cope with environmental uncertainty, make effective decisions and develop innovation strategies. Since innovation evolves through generations, the present study aims to unravel and define innovation intelligence, considering this transformation, and discuss how environmental uncertainty is resolved in each one.

Design/methodology/approach
This article is a conceptual paper that employs a typology and model approach in its research design

Findings
Contexts are categorized into ordered and unordered (according to the Cynefin framework), in which intelligence with prediction and control approaches are applied for uncertainty management, respectively. Also, the three generations of innovation management, namely, technology push, market pull and a combination of these two (hybrid), intelligence benefit from a prediction approach, and in the networked (collaborative) generation, intelligence takes advantage of a control approach.

Research limitations/implications
The conceptual approach adopted in this research is limited to, and focused on, understanding intelligence, innovation intelligence and presenting preliminary insights into their relationship with uncertainty management.

Practical implications
This research guides decision-makers to adopt the appropriate intelligence approach to manage uncertainty during their innovation management process and illustrate it by the industry uncertainty matrix and COVID-19 pandemic situation.

Originality/value
This study proposes a typology of intelligence based on different knowledge pyramids. Also, it introduces innovation intelligence and its relation to knowledge management and environmental uncertainty management that has not yet been clearly addressed in the literature. Moreover, it determines the uncertainty management approaches for each variant of innovation intelligence.