bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal bleeding is associated with renal prognosis in adult patients with IgA vasculitis with nephritis
Authors: Shimamura Yoshinosuke , Maeda Takuto , Nishizawa Keitaro , Ogawa Yayoi , Takizawa Hideki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the prediction of renal prognosis in patients with IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN) is important, the association between gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) and its renal prognosis is unknown. This study investigated the effect of GIB on the progression to end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) in patients with IgAVN.MethodsWe compared the clinicopathological findings at diagnosis, therapy, and clinical outcomes between 10 patients with GIB and 20 patients without GIB in 30 patients with IgAVN aged ≥18 years at the renal biopsy. The primary outcome was the incidence of ESKD. Secondary outcomes included clinical remission and all‐cause mortality. The outcomes and factors affecting the progression to ESKD were evaluated using the Kaplan‐Meier method with log‐rank test and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsEnd‐stage kidney disease, clinical remission, and deaths from any related cause occurred in 6, 17, and 2 patients, respectively. In Kaplan‐Meier analyses, the GIB group showed a higher incidence of ESKD (50% vs 5%, P = .003) and a lower incidence of clinical remission (20% vs 75%, P = .003). Although the numbers were not statistically significant, this group tended to have a greater number of deaths than the non‐GIB group (7% vs 0%, P = .07). In a multivariable Cox model adjusted for hypertension and urinary proteinuria, GIB could not demonstrate a significant association with ESKD (hazard ratio, 4.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.39‐52.7; P = .23).ConclusionIgAVN with GIB has worse renal outcome, but GIB does not have a statistically significant association with progression to ESKD.
Tutorial: A Step‐by‐Step Guide (Version 2.0) for Measuring Abdominal Circumference and Skeletal Muscle From a Single Cross‐Sectional Computed‐Tomography Image Using the National Institutes of Health ImageJ
Authors: Gomez‐Perez Sandra , McKeever Liam , Sheean Patricia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with acute and chronic illness, depleted skeletal muscle (SM) mass, also referred to as sarcopenia, is a condition associated with an underlying disease process and adverse outcomes. Because of software upgrades and errors related to installation, clarifications and a revised tutorial were needed for calculating SM cross‐sectional area (CSA) using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) ImageJ.MethodsA pilot study was conducted to determine the usability of the tutorial version 2.0. Eight adults (≥18 years of age) who had no previous experience or background in body composition or computed‐tomography imaging and owned a personal laptop computer (Mac or PC) were included in the pilot study. Participants were tested on the completion of 4 tasks: (1) installation of software, (2) updating the software, (3) following revised tutorial (version 2.0), and (4) transferring information from the software to a spreadsheet for calculation of SM CSA.ResultsAll participants completed the tutorial and all assigned tasks, 4/4 (100%). However, 38% (3/8) of the participants made errors while cutting and pasting values from the ImageJ results box to a spreadsheet for calculating SM CSA.ConclusionThe tutorial version 2.0 was easy to follow and provided sufficient information for adults to install, update, and perform the steps of body composition for the NIH ImageJ software without major issues. Care should be taken when cutting and pasting results from the software as well as when using the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet for calculating SM CSA.
Development of a capillary zone electrophoresis method to determine natamycin in food and a comparison with a liquid chromatography method
Authors: Li Xiaobin , Gao Fangfang , Liu Huitao , Gao Yuan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDNatamycin is often added to pastries, cheeses, and beverages. The residual amount of natamycin should be less than 10 mg kg−1. The current method for its determination in various foodstuffs is high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a simple, fast, and environmentally friendly method with low reagent consumption and comparable separation performance. However, no reports were found on the determination of natamycin in foods by CE. A CE method to determine natamycin is therefore sought.RESULTSNatamycin in foods was determined by the capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method with ultraviolet‐visible (UV) detection. Separation conditions were optimized as 20 mM Na2HPO4, pH 9.2, with 25 kV applied voltage, and UV detection at 306 nm. Under optimal conditions, electrophoretic analysis was completed in less than 4 min, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.065 μg mL−1 and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.22 μg mL−1. A good linear relationship (r2 = 0.999) was obtained at the range of 0.1–25 μg mL−1. A comparison with the HPLC‐UV method was also carried out according to the National Standards of the People's Republic of China.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained by the CZE and HPLC methods are comparable but the proposed CZE method can help us obtain a shorter detection time at low cost. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of the phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and volatile compounds of different sorghum varieties during tea processing
Authors: Xiong Yun , Zhang Pangzhen , Johnson Stuart , Luo Jiaqiang , Fang Zhongxiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDSorghum grain is rich in phenolic compounds and has the potential to be developed into functional beverages such as sorghum grain tea, in which the health benefits and flavour are the important quality attributes to be considered in tea product development. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of grain tea processing steps on the phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and aroma profile (volatile compounds) of MR‐Buster (red‐coloured) and Shawaya Short Black 1 (black‐coloured) sorghum and the results compared with those for our previously reported Liberty (white‐coloured) sorghum.RESULTSTea processing had significant impacts on sorghum polyphenols and volatile compounds, but the effect and level varied among sorghum varieties. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activity in these three sorghum varieties were consistent in both raw grain and grain tea samples and in the order Shawaya Short Black 1 > MR‐Buster > Liberty. However, the volatile profiles (both individual and grouped volatiles) were significantly different between sorghum varieties, and the abundance and diversity of the volatile compounds of the tea samples were in the order Liberty > MR‐Buster > Shawaya Short Black 1.CONCLUSIONSBlack‐coloured sorghum with high phenolic content and antioxidant activity is more suitable for making sorghum tea considering the health benefits. In terms of the aroma intensity and diversity, white‐coloured sorghum could be the ideal material. However, future study is needed to determine the key volatile compounds that positively contribute to the aroma. This work provides important insights into the selection of grain materials for sorghum grain tea production. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Medium‐long term effects of saline reclaimed water and regulated deficit irrigation on fruit quality of citrus
Authors: Romero‐Trigueros Cristina , Cabañero Juan JA , Tortosa Pedro AN , Gambín José MB , Maestre‐Valero José F , Nicolás Emilio N 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDNon‐conventional water sources and water‐saving techniques can be valuable in semi‐arid regions, although their long‐term effects on citrus quality are little known. This study evaluated the effects of irrigation with two sources, transfer water (TW) and reclaimed water (RW), combined with two irrigation strategies, full irrigation (FI) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), on fruit quality of mandarins and grapefruits during eight growth seasons.RESULTSReclaimed water irrigation in mandarin, without water restriction, influenced maturity index (MI) less than TW‐FI, because titratable acidity (TA) increased to a greater degree than soluble solid contents (SSC). Nevertheless, juice quality standards were satisfied. Regardless of the irrigation treatment (FI or RDI), a trend towards increasing fruit weight was also detected with RW. In grapefruit, its rootstock (Citrus macrophylla) enhanced salinity resilience with respect to the rootstock of mandarin (‘Carrizo’ citrange) and, hence, MI was not affected by RW. The RDI strategy, without saline stress (TW‐RDI), increased, to a similar degree, both SSC and TA in mandarin fruit, not affecting the MI. In grapefruit, the water stress of RDI did improve the MI due to the TA did not change and SSC increased significantly, the TA did not change. The combination of both strategies, RW‐RDI, decreased the MI only in some years because TA increased proportionally more than SSC in mandarin.CONCLUSIONSThe medium‐ and long‐term feasibility of using RW and RDI to irrigate citrus was demonstrated. However, they must be performed cautiously and with appropriate management to avoid damaging fruit quality as a result of phytotoxic elements. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Oil quality in sea‐level quinoa as determined by cultivar‐specific responses to temperature and radiation conditions
Authors: Curti Ramiro N , del Carmen Sanahuja María , Vidueiros Silvina M , Curti Carolina A , Pallaro Anabel N , Bertero Héctor D 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is renewed interest in quinoa as a potential source of vegetable oils; however, there is no information about how environmental conditions affect its fatty acid composition, a critical indicator of its oil quality. The fatty acid concentrations of four cultivars adapted to temperate environments were compared at three sowing dates to evaluate the effect of environmental conditions during the seed‐filling period on the variation in oil quality.RESULTSThe interaction between cultivar and sowing date was the main source of variation explaining the changes in the lipid content and fatty acid concentrations in quinoa. Most of the variation in the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids was attributed to the temperature and solar radiation during the seed‐filling period; cultivar‐specific responses to photo‐thermal conditions were observed among the sea‐level quinoa cultivars evaluated.CONCLUSIONThe lipid content and concentration of fatty acids in quinoa are affected by sowing date. This effect is exerted through changes in temperature and solar radiation conditions. This managing practice can therefore be used to achieve quinoa oil with different qualities. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Solidago canadensis invasion in abandoned arable fields induces minor changes in soil properties and does not affect the performance of subsequent crops
Authors: Zubek Szymon , Majewska Marta L. , Kapusta Paweł , Stefanowicz Anna M. , Błaszkowski Janusz , Rożek Katarzyna , Stanek Małgorzata , Karpowicz Filip , Zalewska‐Gałosz Joanna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe global fast‐growing presence of invasive species requires urgent action to assess their ecological and economic impact. Although a number of recent works have shown that alien plant invasions can affect native plant communities, soil microbial communities, and soil physicochemical properties, rarely the effects of invaders on all these parameters have been examined at once. Moreover, no studies have focused on the effects of invasive plants on the ecosystem services after the removal of invaders. For this study, Solidago canadensis, one of the most successful global invasive species, was chosen. In the first stage, invasion‐induced changes in plant community and soil properties in abandoned arable fields were assessed. In the second stage, the effects of these changes on crops, Helianthus annuus and Zea mays, were assessed in a laboratory soil‐feedback experiment. The invader reduced substantially the richness and cover of native plant species. It had little impact on soil physicochemical and microbiological properties: Soil moisture was lower, whereas mycorrhizal parameters and urease activity were higher in invaded plots. The experiment revealed minor and inconsistent effects of the invader: It affected the mycorrhizal colonization and shoot mass of crop plants, but the direction of changes depended on the origin of the soil used. In conclusion, although S. canadensis invasion clearly displaces native vegetation, it has few and rather weak effects on soil properties that did not affect the performance of subsequent crops. The results are promising from the viewpoint of restoring the agricultural function to abandoned fields invaded by S. canadensis.
Efficiency measurement of Ontario's sawmills using bootstrap data envelopment analysis
Authors: Shahi Shashi K. , Dia Mohamed 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSawmills in Ontario are an important forest products industry, contributing to the economic prosperity of the entire province. However, these sawmills have been facing extreme competitive pressures, impacting their operational efficiency. This study uses a nonparametric technique, the bootstrap data envelopment analysis, to analyse the relative efficiencies of 125 Ontario sawmills over a period of 17 years (1999 to 2015). The results indicate low levels of overall technical and managerial efficiencies in Ontario sawmills, which have been further impacted by economic downturns. Further analysis reveals that the size of the sawmills has had a statistically significant impact on their relative technical efficiencies. The main source of inefficiency was the management of operations, particularly when these sawmills were not able to adjust their inputs with changing and uncertain market demand conditions. These results provide policymakers and sawmill managers with comprehensive details so that future resources can be reallocated to improve the performance of the Ontario forest products industry.
Transcriptional profiling of long‐intergenic noncoding RNAs in lung squamous cell carcinoma and its value in diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Liu Jieqiong , Yao Yali , Hu Zheyu , Zhou Hui , Zhong Meizuo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundLong intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are a series of novel transcribed regions expressed in cancers that may represent candidate biomarkers for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSqCC) treatment. In this study, we evaluated the lincRNA profile in LSqCC patients and screened valuable lincRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis.MethodsTranscriptome profiling of 549 samples derived from 501 LSqCC patients were identified in TCGA database. 48 patients had paired primary tumor (PT) and solid normal (SN) tissue samples, while 453 patients had only PT samples. 1,771 lincRNA candidates were evaluated. Paired test (Wilcoxon two‐sample paired signed rank tests) was performed in paired PT and SN samples. Logistic regression analysis were performed in independent 453 PT samples and 48 SN samples to screen the significant lincRNAs candidates for malignances. Independent 501 PT samples were further used to screen the significant lincRNAs candidates for prognosis.ResultsAmong 1,771 lincRNAs, 10 lincRNAs were significant highly‐expressed risk candidates in PT samples, and 10 protective lincRNAs candidates were significant lowly‐expressed in PT samples. Among 10 highly‐expressed risk lincRNAs, a small panel of LINC00487, LINC01927, and C10orf143 (LINC00959) could effectively predict malignancies in paired samples (AUC = 0.7274, 95%CI = (0.6264, 0.8285)). When combined with protective lincRNA candidates LINC02315, LINC00491, and LINC01697, the predictive efficiency was greatly improved in both paired samples (AUC = 0.8030, 95%CI = (0.7250, 0.8810)) and independent samples (AUC = 0.7481, 95%CI= (0.6642, 0.8320)). Additionally, three highly‐expressed risk lincRNAs, LINC01031, LINC01088, and LINC01931, were significantly associated with poor prognosis in PT samples, suggesting potential targets for anti‐LSqCC treatment.ConclusionTherefore, lincRNAs could be promising biomarkers for predicting malignancies and potential anti‐LSqCC targets for drug development.
Medium‐term outcomes for primary native tissue reconstructive surgeries with and without transobturator vaginal meshes in stress continent women with stage 3 or higher pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Huang Wen‐Chen , Yang Jenn‐Ming , Chen Hsin‐Fu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo compare the surgical outcomes of conventional surgeries with or without concomitant transobturator vaginal mesh (TVM) for ≥Stage 3 pelvic organ prolapse (POP).MethodsWe retrospectively investigated 166 women who received conventional surgery including vaginal total hysterectomy, modified McCall culdoplasty, and AP‐repair (conventional group) and 98 women with concomitant TVM (mesh group). Follow‐up at 3, 12, and 24 months comprised symptom interview, pelvic examination, and ultrasound assessments. The primary outcome was anatomical success defined as ≤Stage 1 POP. Secondary outcomes were subjective symptoms, ultrasound manifestations, and complications.ResultsBoth groups showed improvements in functional and anatomical outcomes after operations. Compared with the conventional group, the mesh group had higher rates of de novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI) at 3‐month (3.6% vs 19.4%; P < .001), 12‐month (3.7% vs 26.4%; P < .001), and 24‐month (2.4% vs 21.4%; P = .001) follow‐up, a higher POP‐C point (−7.3 ± 0.7 cm vs −7.6 ± 0.6 cm; P < .001) at 3‐month follow‐up, a smaller straining bladder neck angle indicating a more cranioventral straining bladder neck position (117 ± 25° vs 102 ± 20°; P < .001) at 3‐month follow‐up, and a less bladder neck mobility at 3‐month (19 ± 24° vs 8 ± 14°; P = .002) and 12‐month (26 ± 18° vs 12 ± 15°; P = .003) follow‐up.ConclusionsConcomitant TVM is associated with a higher rate of de novo SUI, more cranioventral straining bladder neck position, and less bladder neck mobility.
Factors contributing to stress in clinical practices: A proposed structural equation model
Authors: Sánchez de Miguel Manuel , Orkaizagirre‐Gómara Aintzane , Ortiz de Elguea Javier , Izagirre Otaegi Andrea , Ortiz de Elguea‐Oviedo Amaia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo propose a predictive model of procedural and emotional stress in clinical placements while testing self‐efficacy as a possible mediator factor.DesignThe study used an exploratory correlational design.MethodA total of 334 nursing students completed the KEZKAK—stress in clinical practice, AG—general self‐efficacy and CEA—academic overload questionnaires, along with one about leadership. Sociodemographic information was also included.ResultsConfirmatory factor analyses and internal consistency reliabilities were satisfactory in all questionnaires. Procedural stress and emotional stress were confirmed by KEZKAK [χ2 (674) = 1,555.58, p = .001; χ2/df = 2.308, CFI = .90, IFI = 91, RMSEA = .06]. The structural equation method for procedural stress and emotional stress had an acceptable fit. They revealed that academic level influenced the perception of leadership and academic overload in both procedural stress and emotional stress. General self‐efficacy only mediated emotional stress. Hospital unit acted independently as a predictor of procedural stress.
GABAergic function in the lateral hypothalamus regulates feeding behavior: Possible mediation via orexin
Authors: Yonemochi Naomi , Ardianto Chrismawan , Ueda Daiki , Kamei Junzo , Ikeda Hiroko 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimThe lateral hypothalamus (LH) is known as the hunger center, but the mechanisms through which the LH regulates food intake are unclear. Since GABA neurons are reported to project to the LH, the present study investigated the role of GABAergic function in the LH in the regulation of feeding behavior.MethodsGABA levels in the LH were measured by in vivo microdialysis. Food intake after drug injection into the LH was measured every 1 hour for 4 hours. The mRNA levels were measured using RT‐PCR.ResultsFood intake significantly increased GABA levels in the LH, suggesting that food intake stimulates GABAergic function in the LH. Injection of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol into the LH significantly inhibited food intake, whereas injection of the GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline into the LH did not significantly affect food intake. The inhibitory effect of muscimol injected into the LH was blocked by co‐administration of bicuculline. These results indicate that the stimulation of GABAA receptors in the LH inhibits food intake. We next examined whether the stimulation of GABAA receptors affects hypothalamic neuropeptides that are known to regulate feeding behavior. The injection of muscimol significantly decreased preproorexin mRNA in the hypothalamus.ConclusionThese results indicate that food intake activates GABAergic function in the LH, which terminates feeding behavior by stimulating GABAA receptors. Moreover, it is suggested that the stimulation of GABAA receptors in the LH reduces food intake through inhibition of orexin neurons.
Optimal error estimate of two linear and momentum‐preserving Fourier pseudo‐spectral schemes for the RLW equation
Authors: Hong Qi , Wang Yushun , Gong Yuezheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this paper, two novel linear‐implicit and momentum‐preserving Fourier pseudo‐spectral schemes are proposed and analyzed for the regularized long‐wave equation. The numerical methods are based on the blend of the Fourier pseudo‐spectral method in space and the linear‐implicit Crank–Nicolson method or the leap‐frog scheme in time. The two fully discrete linear schemes are shown to possess the discrete momentum conservation law, and the linear systems resulting from the schemes are proved uniquely solvable. Due to the momentum conservative property of the proposed schemes, the Fourier pseudo‐spectral solution is proved to be bounded in the discrete L∞ norm. Then by using the standard energy method, both the linear‐implicit Crank–Nicolson momentum‐preserving scheme and the linear‐implicit leap‐frog momentum‐preserving scheme are shown to have the accuracy of in the discrete L∞ norm without any restrictions on the grid ratio, where N is the number of nodes and τ is the time step size. Numerical examples are carried out to verify the correction of the theory analysis and the efficiency of the proposed schemes.
Sex discordance between cell‐free fetal DNA and mid‐trimester ultrasound: a modern conundrum
Authors: Ayala N.K. , Kole M.B. , Forcier M. , Halliday J. , Russo M.L. 
Published: October 2019

What's already known about this topic?

Sex discordance between cell‐free DNA and the mid‐trimester ultrasound requires a thorough, systematic workup
This allows for earlier recognition and diagnosis of disorders of sex development
What does this study add?

Recognition in‐utero allows for multi‐disciplinary care and education of families prior to delivery
Inclusive language acknowledging the diversity of gender and sexuality is important for provision of equitable, patient‐centered care