bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International relevance of Two Measures of Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC)
Authors: sabatini serena , Ukoumunne Obioha C , Ballard Clive , Brothers Allyson , Kaspar Roman , Collins Rachel , Kim Sarang , Corbett Anne , Aarsland Dag , Hampshire Adam , Brooker Helen , Clare Linda 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A questionnaire assessing awareness of positive and negative age-related changes (AARC gains and losses) was developed in the US and Germany. We validated the short form of the measure (AARC-10 SF) and the cognitive functioning subscale from the 50-item version of the AARC (AARC-50) questionnaire in the UK population aged 50 and over. Methods: Data from 9,410 participants (Mean (SD) age= 65.9 (7.1)) in the PROTECT cohort were used to explore and confirm the psychometric properties of the AARC measures including: validity of the factor structure; reliability; measurement invariance across males and females and across individuals with and without a university degree; and convergent validity with measures of self-perception of aging and mental, physical, and cognitive health. We also explored the relationship between demographic variables and AARC. Results: We confirmed the two-factor structure (gains and losses) of the AARC-10 SF and the AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale. Both scales showed good reliability. Convergent validity was good for AARC losses, but weaker for AARC gains. The meaning of AARC gains and losses was the same across males and females and across individuals with and without a university degree. Items in the AARC scales had the same meaning across individuals with and without a university degree. Items in the AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale had the same meaning across males and females. Single items in the AARC-10 SF had different meaning across males and females. Demographic variables predicted AARC gains and losses. Conclusions: The AARC-10 SF and AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale can help to identify UK individuals who perceive age-related changes in their mental, physical, and cognitive health.
Prevalence of Primary Headache Disorder Among Primary and middle School students in Kuwait.
Authors: Shuaibi Sameera , AlAshqar Abdelrahman , Ahmed Samar Farouk , Alroughani Raed , AlThufairi Hawraa , Owayed Shaikhah , AlHamdan Fajer , Al-Hashel Jasem Yousef 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary headaches are remarkably prevalent worldwide and increasingly reported among children. However, the exact trend in this age group, particularly in the gulf region, remains scarce. Aims and Objectives: To examine the prevalence of primary headache disorders among primary and middle school students in Kuwait.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study that included Kuwaiti primary and middle school children and adolescents of both genders in randomly selected schools located in two governorates in Kuwait in 2018/2019 academic year. Prevalence and attributable burden of headache, definite and probable migraine,definite and probable tension-type headache, chronic headache ≥15 days/month and probable medication over use headache were assessed using the Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability, Social Handicap and Impaired Participation (HARDSHIP) questionnaire for children and adolescents. Results: Of 1485 questionnaires that were distributed, 1089 students completed the questionnaire with a respondent rate of 73.4%. The study population consisted of 420 boys (38.56%) versus 669 girls (61.43%) students with a mean age of 11.5 ± 2.11 years. The lifetime prevalence of any headache was 85.2%. The one-year prevalence of primary headache disorders was 42.71% with more middle schoolers reporting headaches than primary schoolers (50.37% versus 30,48%; p <0.02). The mean age of students with primary headaches was 11.98 ± 2.03 years in both genders. When stratified according to diagnostic criteria, migraine headaches were the most frequently reported (20.75%) followed by tension type headaches (18.8%), chronic headaches (2.75%), and probable medication-overuse headaches (0.46%.). Primary headaches were more frequently reported in middle school compared to primary school It was significantly higher among girls compared to boys in middle-schoolers (66.46% versus 38.49%; p<0.001), however no significant difference in gender among primary school students(33.12% versus 22.33%; p<0.118). Conclusion: Primary headaches are remarkably common in Kuwaiti school students with migraine headache being the most frequently reported type. Age and female gender pay a role in the development of primary headaches. The results attract attention of health services for those group, the need for further epidemiological researches.
Long noncoding RNA MAPKAPK5-AS1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by cis-regulating the nearby gene MK5 and acting as a let-7f-1-3p sponge
Authors: Yang Ting , Chen Wei-Cong , Shi Pei-Cong , Liu Man-Ru , Jiang Tao , Song Hu , Wang Jia-Qi , Fan Rui-Zhi , Pei Dong-Sheng , Song Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered critical regulators in cancers; however, the clinical significance and mechanisms of MAPKAPK5-AS1 (hereinafter referred to as MK5-AS1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain mostly unknown.Methods: In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blotting were utilized to detect the levels of MK5-AS1, let-7f-1-3p and MK5 (MAPK activated protein kinase 5) in CRC tissues and cell lines. The biological functions of MK5-AS1, let-7f-1-3p and MK5 in CRC cells were explored using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation and transwell assays. The potential mechanisms of MK5-AS1 were evaluated by RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), dual luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) and bioinformatics analysis. The effects of MK5-AS1 and MK5 on CRC were investigated by a xenotransplantation model. Results: We confirmed that MK5-AS1 was significantly increased in CRC tissues. Knockdown of MK5-AS1 suppressed cell migration and invasion in vitro and inhibited lung metastasis in mice. Mechanistically, MK5-AS1 regulated SNAI1 expression by sponging let-7f-1-3p and cis-regulated the adjacent gene MK5. Moreover, MK5-AS1 recruited RBM4 and eIF4A1 to promote the translation of MK5. Our study verified that MK5 promoted the phosphorylation of c-Jun, which activated the transcription of SNAI1 by directly binding to its promoter. Conclusions: MK5-AS1 cis-regulated the nearby gene MK5 and acted as a let-7f-1-3p sponge, playing a vital role in CRC tumorigenesis. This study could provide novel insights into molecular therapeutic targets of CRC.
Cetuximab-Conjugated Perfluorohexane/Gold Nanoparticles for Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Diagnosis Ablation of Thyroid Cancer Treatment
Authors: Ma Yue , Wang Lingling , Li Haixia , Cheng Wen , Zheng Xiulan , Liu Ying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chemotherapeutic efficacy plays a significant role in the development of nanotheranostic systems for drug delivery in tumor cells. In this study, we demonstrate the self-assembly of C225 conjugate, Perfluorohexane/Gold Nanoparticles (Au-PFH-NPs), which results in low-intensity focused ultrasound diagnosis ablation of thyroid cancer treatment. Cetuximab-Conjugated Perfluorohexane/Gold Nanoparticles (C-Au-PFH-NPs) showed excellent stability in water, PBS, and 20% rat serum. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed the effective construction of C-Au-PFH-NPs with commonly spherical assemblies. The incubation of C625 thyroid carcinoma with C-Au-PFH-NPs triggered apoptosis, which was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. The C-Au-PFH-NPs showed remarkable antitumor efficacy in human thyroid carcinoma xenografts. The histopathological results additionally confirm the achieved outcomes. Furthermore, we successfully examined the efficiency of C-Au-PFH-NPs when using the thyroid carcinoma low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFUS) diagnostic imaging in vivo. These findings are clear for LIFUS agents with high performing images. It is also identified that different therapeutic purposes will have extensive potential for future biomedical purposes.
Herd-level risk factors for chronic pleurisy in finishing pigs: a case-control study
Authors: Hälli Outi , Haimi-Hakala Minna , Oliviero Claudio , Heinonen Mari 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Chronic pleurisy is a common finding in slaughtered pigs in post-mortem meat inspection. The prevalence of pleurisy has been increasing during the last decade also in Finland. The aim of this prospective case-control study was to search for environmental, infectious and management-related herd-level risk factors for pleurisy in the slaughterhouse. Altogether 46 Finnish pig herds, including 25 control (low pleurisy prevalence in meat inspection) and 21 case (high pleurisy) herds, were enrolled in the study and visited during the tenth week of the rearing period of finishing pigs. Herd personnel were asked about basic herd information, management and environmental factors. Selected pigs were examined clinically, environmental parameters were measured and 15 blood samples per herd were taken during herd visits. Antibodies against Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia serotype 2 (APP2) and ApxIV toxin and swine influenza virus were measured. After the slaughter of study pigs, meat inspection results of the batch were gathered from slaughterhouses. Multivariate logistic regression model was built to identify possible risk factors for a herd to be a case herd (i.e. having high pleurisy values). Results Finishing herd type and herd size were observed to act as risk factors. None of clinical signs of pigs, management-related factors or environmental measurements were associated with herd status. Conclusions As previously known, in endemic and subclinical infections such as APP, herd factors are important, but detailed risk factors seem to be difficult to identify.
Potential risks in sentinel lymph node biopsy for cervical cancer: a single-institution pilot study
Authors: Tu Hua , Wan Ting , Zhang Xinke , Gu Haifeng , Feng Yanling , Huang He , Liu Jihong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background：Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is an attractive technique that widely performed in many oncological surgeries. However, the potential risks in SLN biopsy for cervical cancer remains largely unclear. Methods：Seventy-five patients with histologically confirmed cervical cancer were enrolled between May 2014 and June 2016. SLN biopsies were performed followed by pelvic lymphadenectomies and all resected nodes were labeled according to their anatomic areas. Only bilateral detections of SLNs were considered as successful. Patients’ clinicopathologic feature, performance of SLN detection, and distributions of lymph node metastases were analyzed. Results: Of the 75 enrolled patients, at least one SLN was detected in 69 (92.0%), including 33 in bilateral and 36 in unilateral. SLNs were most detected in obturator area (52 of 69 patients, 75.4%) and 26 (37.7%) patients presented SLNs in more than one area of hemipelvis. Lymphovascular invasion was found to be the only factor that adversely influenced SLN detection, while the tumor diameter, growth type, histological grade, deep stromal invasion and neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed no significant impacts. Patients with lymphovascular invasion showed significantly higher rate to have unsuccessful detection (90.9% versus 41.5%, P<0.001) and lymph node metastasis (40.9% versus 3.8%, P<0.001) compared with those without. Nodal metastases were confirmed in 11 patients, of whom 9 (81.8%) had lymphovascular invasion and 7 (63.6%) had non-SLN metastasis. The most frequently involved SLNs were obturator nodes (9/11, 81.8%). In addition, the parametrial nodes also has high rate to be positive (4/11, 36.4%), although they were relatively less identified as SLNs. Besides, 3 patients showed metastases in the laterals without SLN detected.Conclusions: In cervical cancer, lymphovascular invasion is a significant factor for unsuccessful SLN detection. The risk of having undetected metastasis is high when SLN is positive, therefore further lymphadenectomy may be necessary for these patients.
Distraction by a cognitive task has a higher impact on electrophysiological measures compared with conditioned pain modulation
Authors: Do A. T. Lisa , Enax-Krumova Elena , Özgül Özüm , Eitner Lynn B. , Heba Stefanie , Tegenthoff Martin , Maier Christoph , Höffken Oliver 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) evaluates the effect of a painful conditioning stimulus (CS) on a painful test stimulus (TS). Using painful cutaneous electrical stimulation (PCES) as TS and painful cold water as CS, the pain relief was paralleled by a decrease in evoked potentials (PCES-EPs). We now aimed to compare the effect of CPM with cognitive distraction on PCES-induced pain and PCES-EP amplitudes.
Methods
PCES was performed in 38 healthy subjects using surface electrodes inducing a painful sensation of 60 (NRS 0-100) on one hand. In a crossover design subjects immersed the contralateral hand into painful cold water (10 °C, CS) for CPM evaluation and performed the 1-back task for cognitive distraction. Before and during the CS and 1-back task, respectively, subjects rated the pain intensity of PCES and simultaneously cortical evoked potentials were recorded.
Results
Both CPM and cognitive distraction significantly reduced PCES-EP amplitudes (CPM: from 30.9 ± 9.9 µV to 24.35 ± 8.41 µV, cognitive distraction: from 33.0 ± 8.8 µV to 19.5 ± 6.5 µV, p < 0.05) and PCES-induced pain (CPM: from 58 ± 4 to 39 ± 12, cognitive distraction: from 58 ± 4 to 36 ± 14, p < 0.05), though the changes in pain intensity and PCES-amplitude did not correlate. The changes of the PCES-EP amplitudes during cognitive distraction were significantly more pronounced than during CPM.
Conclusions
The amount of pain relief induced by CPM and cognitive distraction seems to be similar. However, the even more pronounced decrease of PCES-EP amplitudes after distraction by a cognitive task implies that both conditions do not represent the general pain modulatory capacity of individuals, but may underlie different neuronal mechanisms with the final common pathway of perceived pain reduction.
Prediction of biological age and all-cause mortality by 12-lead electrocardiogram in patients without structural heart disease
Authors: Hirota Naomi , Suzuki Shinya , Arita Takuto , Yagi Naoharu , Otsuka Takayuki , Kishi Mikio , Semba Hiroaki , Kano Hiroto , Matsuno Shunsuke , Kato Yuko , Uejima Tokuhisa , Oikawa Yuji , Matsuhama Minoru , Inoue Tatsuya , Yajima Junji , Yamashita Takeshi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:
The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is affected by not only the cardiovascular but also the non-cardiovascular status. Whether ECG can be the determinant of biological age (BA) and the gap between chronological age (CA) and ECG-predicted BA reflect differences in prognosis are unclear.
Methods:
In the Shinken Database 2010 – 2017 (n = 19170), 12-lead ECG was analyzed in 13005 patients excluding those with structural heart disease or having pacing beats, atrial or ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and indeterminate axis (R axis > 180˚) on index ECG. The prediction model of BA was developed by principal component analysis with 438 ECG parameters. The gap between ECG-predicted BA and CA was calculated (AgeDiff = ECG-predicted BA − CA).
Results:
The ECG-predicted BA was significantly correlated with CA (r = 0.967). Patients with a positively wide AgeDiff had a higher incidence of all-cause mortality compared to those with a narrow AgeDiff or those with negative AgeDiff. The risk of AgeDiff > 0 for all-cause mortality compared with AgeDiff ≤ 0 was 1.78 (95%CI: 1.00 − 3.16), which increased according to the aging and became the highest in patients with CA of 71 − 80 years.
Conclusion:
Our data suggested that 12-lead ECG can be a tool to estimate BA. The gap between ECG-predicted BA and CA allowed estimation of increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients without structural heart disease.
Very Low Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Early Gastric Carcinoma With Lymphoid Stroma
Authors: Cheng Yuqing , Zhou Xiaoli , Xu Kequn , Huang Jin , Huang Qin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus-associated early gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (EBV-GCLS) is a rare variant of early gastric carcinomas. Clinicopathological features of this variant remain obscure, especially in Chinese patients. By a retrospective review of 595 consecutive radical gastrectomies for early gastric carcinoma from 2006 to 2018, we identified 8 (1.3%, 8/595) EBV-GCLS cases. Clinicopathologic characteristics were compared between EBV-GCLSs and 109 conventional early gastric carcinomas, which were divided into 3 subgroups, according to the invasion depth. All 8 EBV-GCLSs occurred in male patients and invaded deep submucosa (SM2) without lymph node metastasis (LNM), four (50%) of which had synchronous non-gastric malignant tumors (3 gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors and 1 primary clear cell renal cell carcinoma), and four (50%) arose in the proximal stomach. Compared to conventional early gastric carcinomas, EBV-GCLS was more frequent with SM2 invasion, poor differentiation, and synchronous non-gastric carcinoma tumor, but not in age, gender, macroscopic type, location, size, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and pathologic stage. In invasion-depth stratified comparisons with the SM2 subgroup, the frequency of LNM in EBV-GCLS was significantly lower than that of conventional early gastric carcinomas ( p < 0.05) and the 5-year survival rate of patients with EBV-GCLS was better than that of conventional early gastric carcinomas in 3 subgroups (100% vs 91.5%, 85.7%, 83.9%, respectively), although the differences did not reach a statistically significant level due to the small sample size. In conclusion, Even with poor differentiation and SM2 invasion, EBV-GCLS showed very low risk of LNM and may be a candidate for endoscopic therapy.
Effectiveness of extracorporeal blood purification (hemoadsorption) in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Asgharpour Masoumeh , Mehdinezhad Hamed , Bayani Masoumeh , Zavareh Mahmoud Sadeghi Haddad , Hamidi Seyed Hossein , Akbari Roghayyeh , Ghadimi Reza , Bijani Ali , Mouodi Simin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Extracorporeal blood purification has been proposed as one of the therapeutic approaches in patients with coronavirus infection, because of its beneficial impact on elimination of inflammatory cytokines.
Methods
This controlled trial has been conducted on critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted in the state hospital affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran who received different antiviral and antibacterial drugs, and different modalities of respiratory treatments and did not have positive clinical improvement. No randomization and blindness was considered. All of the participants underwent three sessions of resin-directed hemoperfusion using continuous renal replacement therapy with a mode of continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH).
Results
Five men and five women with a mean age of 57.30 ± 18.07 years have been enrolled in the study; and six of them have improved after the intervention. Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2) changed after each session. Mean SpO2 before the three sessions of hemoperfusion was 89.60%±3.94% and increased to 92.13%±3.28% after them (p < 0.001). Serum IL-6 showed a reduction from 139.70 ± 105.62 to 72.06 ± 65.87 pg/mL (p = 0.073); and c-reactive protein increased from 136.25 ± 84.39 to 78.25 ± 38.67 mg/L (P = 0.016).
Conclusions
Extracorporeal hemoadsorption could improve the general condition in most of recruited patients with severe coronavirus disease; however, large prospective multicenter trials in carefully selected patients are needed to definitely evaluate the efficacy of hemoperfusion in COVID-19 patients.
Locking Intramedullary Nails Versus Locking Plates in the Treatment of 2-part and 3-part Proximal Humeral Surgical Neck Fractures in Elderly Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Geng Rui , Wu Hao , Ren Ke , Chang Qing , Yusufu Yalikun , Xu Jihao , Lu Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.
Dysphagia and Masticatory Performance as a Mediator of the Xerostomia to Quality of Life Relation in the Older Population: A Structural Equation Model Approach
Authors: Lu Ting-Yu , Chen Jen-Hao , Du Je-Kan , Lin Ying-Chun , Ho Pei-Shan , Lee Chien-Hung , Hu Chih-yang , Huang Hsiao-Ling 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The adverse impact of poor oral conditions in older adults on their quality of life is a public health problem. This study assessed the mediating effects of dental status, occlusal condition, dysphagia and masticatory performance on the association between xerostomia and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the older population. Methods: A total of 1100 representative community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older were recruited from a large-scale survey conducted in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dental status and occlusal condition were performed by dentists. Information on demographics, physical function, xerostomia, and dysphagia was collected using face-to-face interview. Masticatory performance was evaluated using color-changeable chewing gum. OHRQoL was measured using Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index. Results: Comparing with non-xerostomia, participants with xerostomia had a 0.20 decrease in the level of OHRQoL (p< .001), and the direct effect was accounted for 83.3% of the total effect. The dysphagia and the masticatory performance were found to have a significant mediating effect on the association between xerostomia and OHRQoL (βs = 0.20 and −0.13, respectively; βs = 0.05 and −0.08, respectively) and 10.8% of the effect was attributed to dysphagia mediation. Furthermore, the functional teeth and occlusal condition had a significant mediating effect on the association between xerostomia and masticatory performance , and the functional teeth was accounted for 43.6% of the effect. Conclusions: Xerostomia had the greatest effect on OHRQoL. The mediating role of dysphagia and masticatory performance on the association between xerostomia and OHRQoL was significant and deserves further attention. Older adults could improve their OHRQoL through a community-based oral function intervention. Our results further suggest that early screening for swallowing and masticatory function is essential to prevent or delay the onset of complications.