bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melflufen and Dexamethasone in Heavily Pretreated Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Richardson Paul G. , Oriol Albert , Larocca Alessandra , Bladé Joan , Cavo Michele , Rodriguez-Otero Paula , Leleu Xavier , Nadeem Omar , Hiemenz John W. , Hassoun Hani , Touzeau Cyrille , Alegre Adrián , Paner Agne , Maisel Christopher , Mazumder Amitabha , Raptis Anastasios , Moreb Jan S. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Laubach Jacob P. , Thuresson Sara , Thuresson Marcus , Byrne Catriona , Harmenberg Johan , Bakker Nicolaas A. , Mateos María-Victoria ,   on behalf of the HORIZON (OP-106) Investigators
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE Melphalan flufenamide (melflufen) is a first-in-class peptide-drug conjugate that targets aminopeptidases and rapidly and selectively releases alkylating agents into tumor cells. The phase II HORIZON trial evaluated the efficacy of melflufen plus dexamethasone in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), a population with an important unmet medical need. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with RRMM refractory to pomalidomide and/or an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody received melflufen 40 mg intravenously on day 1 of each 28-day cycle plus once weekly oral dexamethasone at a dose of 40 mg (20 mg in patients older than 75 years). The primary end point was overall response rate (partial response or better) assessed by the investigator and confirmed by independent review. Secondary end points included duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety. The primary analysis is complete with long-term follow-up ongoing. RESULTS Of 157 patients (median age 65 years; median five prior lines of therapy) enrolled and treated, 119 patients (76%) had triple-class–refractory disease, 55 (35%) had extramedullary disease, and 92 (59%) were refractory to previous alkylator therapy. The overall response rate was 29% in the all-treated population, with 26% in the triple-class–refractory population. In the all-treated population, median duration of response was 5.5 months, median progression-free survival was 4.2 months, and median overall survival was 11.6 months at a median follow-up of 14 months. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 96% of patients, most commonly neutropenia (79%), thrombocytopenia (76%), and anemia (43%). Pneumonia (10%) was the most common grade 3/4 nonhematologic event. Thrombocytopenia and bleeding (both grade 3/4 but fully reversible) occurred concomitantly in four patients. GI events, reported in 97 patients (62%), were predominantly grade 1/2 (93%); none were grade 4. CONCLUSION Melflufen plus dexamethasone showed clinically meaningful efficacy and a manageable safety profile in patients with heavily pretreated RRMM, including those with triple-class–refractory and extramedullary disease.
Genome-Wide Estrogen Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer
Authors: Farcas Anca M , Nagarajan Sankari , Cosulich Sabina , Carroll Jason S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The largest subtype of breast cancer is characterized by the expression and activity of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha/ER). Although several effective therapies have significantly improved survival, the adaptability of cancer cells means that patients frequently stop responding or develop resistance to endocrine treatment. ER does not function in isolation and multiple associating factors have been reported to play a role in regulating the estrogen-driven transcriptional program. This review focuses on the dynamic interplay between some of these factors which co-occupy ER-bound regulatory elements, their contribution to estrogen signaling, and their possible therapeutic applications. Furthermore, the review illustrates how some ER association partners can influence and reprogram the genomic distribution of the estrogen receptor. As this dynamic ER activity enables cancer cell adaptability and impacts the clinical outcome, defining how this plasticity is determined is fundamental to our understanding of the mechanisms of disease progression.
A Positive Feedback Loop Between TGFβ and Androgen Receptor Supports Triple-negative Breast Cancer Anoikis Resistance
Authors: Rosas Emmanuel , Roberts Justin T , O’Neill Kathleen I , Christenson Jessica L , Williams Michelle M , Hanamura Toru , Spoelstra Nicole S , Vahrenkamp Jeffery M , Gertz Jason , Richer Jennifer K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with peak recurrence as metastatic disease within the first few years of diagnosis. Androgen receptor (AR) expression is increased in anchorage-independent cells in TNBC preclinical models. Both AR knockdown and inhibition lead to reduced TNBC invasion in vitro, reduced tumorigenicity, and less recurrence in vivo in preclinical models. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway gene signatures also increased during anchorage-independent survival both in vitro and in vivo in preclinical models and in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from patients during emergence of chemo resistant disease. We hypothesized that a positive loop between AR and TGFβ signaling facilitates TNBC anchorage-independent survival. We find that multiple components of the TGFβ pathway, including TGFβ1 and 3, as well as pathway activity measured by nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of phosphorylated Smad3, are enhanced in anchorage-independent conditions. Further, exogenous TGFβ increased AR protein while TGFβ inhibition decreased AR and TNBC viability, particularly under anchorage-independent culture conditions. ChIP-seq experiments revealed AR binding to TGFB1 and SMAD3 regulatory regions in MDA-MB-453 cells. In clinical datasets, TGFB3 and AR positively correlate and high expression of both genes together corresponded to significantly worse recurrence-free and overall survival in both ER-negative and basal-like breast cancer. Finally, inhibiting both AR and TGFβ decreased cell survival, particularly under anchorage-independent conditions. These findings warrant further investigations into whether combined inhibition of AR and TGFβ pathways might decrease metastatic recurrence rates and mortality from TNBC.
Genres of Valuation: Marginalist Economics and American Literary Realism
Authors: Wonham Henry B. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This essay argues that late nineteenth-century American fiction, as exemplified by William Dean Howells’s The Rise of Silas Lapham (1885) and Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie (1900), is entangled in the period’s embrace of a new understanding of economic conditions, one premised on the significance of consumer data as the raw material of economic interpretation and fixated on mathematical analysis as a source of knowledge about value. Marginalism in economic theory and realism in American literary practice were contemporaneous efforts to mediate value at a moment of decisive transition in America, as a model of commodity-centered competitive capitalism yielded to the regime of corporate finance. The young academic economists of the period and their literary counterparts explained the economic landscape in much the same way and to many of the same ends. Both began with the daunting question of how to reimagine value in a world characterized by fictitious goods and increasingly abstract financial instruments, a world in which the labor theory of value seemed hopelessly outdated. Both responded to this challenge by proposing novel intellectual procedures for making values appear stable again by focusing on the subjective experiences of consumers. Finally, both marginalists and realists sought to provide a quasi-scientific bedrock for fixing values in consumer society not only by appealing nostalgically to an economy of actual goods and honest work but more importantly by accommodating readers, policy makers, and stakeholders of all kinds to the new realities of finance capitalism.
Catalytic Enantioselective Allylic C–F Bond Functionalization
Authors: Wang Minyan , Shi Zhaungzhi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective defluorinative functionalization of easily accessible allylic fluorines is well recognized as one of the most attractive strategies for creating allylic stereogenic centers with high enantioselectivity. This highlight review precisely aims to summarize the recent developments of this area mainly from the following six aspects: enantioselective defluoroarylation, enantioselective defluoroalkylation, enantioselective defluoroborylation, enantioselective defluorosilylation, enantioselective defluorohydrolation, and desymmetrization of difluoromethylene groups. Primarily, these reactions occur through two pathways, including β-fluorine elimination and C–F oxidative addition. Despite this, the mechanisms and limitations of these strategies have been a focus, and it is hoped that this review will provide a comprehensive overview to evaluate the prospects of this rapidly emerging field.
A CT-based radiomics nomogram for predicting prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) radiomics nomogram predicting COVID-19
Authors: Chen Hang , Zeng Ming , Wang Xinglan , Su Liping , Xia Yuwei , Yang Quan , Liu Dan 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
To identify the value of radiomics method derived from CT images to predict prognosis in patients with COVID-19.

Methods:
A total of 40 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. Baseline clinical data, CT images, and laboratory testing results were collected from all patients. We defined that ROIs in the absorption group decreased in the density and scope in GGO, and ROIs in the progress group progressed to consolidation. A total of 180 ROIs from absorption group (n = 118) and consolidation group (n = 62) were randomly divided into a training set (n = 145) and a validation set (n = 35) (8:2). Radiomics features were extracted from CT images, and the radiomics-based models were built with three classifiers. A radiomics score (Rad-score) was calculated by a linear combination of selected features. The Rad-score and clinical factors were incorporated into the radiomics nomogram construction. The prediction performance of the clinical factors model and the radiomics nomogram for prognosis was estimated.

Results:
A total of 15 radiomics features with respective coefficients were calculated. The AUC values of radiomics models (kNN, SVM, and LR) were 0.88, 0.88, and 0.84, respectively, showing a good performance. The C-index of the clinical factors model was 0.82 [95% CI (0.75–0.88)] in the training set and 0.77 [95% CI (0.59–0.90)] in the validation set. The radiomics nomogram showed optimal prediction performance. In the training set, the C-index was 0.91 [95% CI (0.85–0.95)], and in the validation set, the C-index was 0.85 [95% CI (0.69–0.95)]. For the training set, the C-index of the radiomics nomogram was significantly higher than the clinical factors model (p = 0.0021). Decision curve analysis showed that radiomics nomogram outperformed the clinical model in terms of clinical usefulness.

Conclusions:
The radiomics nomogram based on CT images showed favorable prediction performance in the prognosis of COVID-19. The radiomics nomogram could be used as a potential biomarker for more accurate categorization of patients into different stages for clinical decision-making process.

Advances in knowledge:
Radiomics features based on chest CT images help clinicians to categorize the patients of COVID-19 into different stages. Radiomics nomogram based on CT images has favorable predictive performance in the prognosis of COVID-19. Radiomics act as a potential modality to supplement conventional medical examinations.
Effects of polyisoprenoids from Avicennia lanata and Avicennia alba leaves on the gene expression of PI3K, Akt1, mTOR, P53, and EGFR in human colorectal adenocarcinoma WiDr cells
Authors: Qurrohman Taufiq , Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun , Nuryawan Arif , Sumaiyah Sumaiyah , Siregar Etti Sartina , Basyuni Mohammad 
Published: December 2020

Background: Mangrove plants produce polyisoprenoid compounds. Polyisoprenoids have been proven to have anticancer properties. This study investigated the inhibitory activity of polyisoprenoids derived from the leaves of mangrove plants Avicennia alba and Avicennia lanata regarding the expression of PI3K, Akt1, mTOR, P53, and EGFR genes against human colorectal adenocarcinoma WiDr cells. Methods: Anticancer activity was tested through the MTT assay method performed on WiDr cells. The cell cycle and apoptosis were analysed by flow cytometry and double staining. Gene expression of PI3K, Akt1, mTOR, P53, and EGFR was observed using the RT-PCR method. Results: Cytotoxic activity against WiDr cells showed that the IC50 for A. alba and A. lanata was 258.14 ug/mL and 243.32 ug/mL, respectively. This observation indicated the possibility to develop moderate anticancer agents. The cell cycle showed that inhibition of A. alba and A. lanata occurred in the late phase of apoptosis S (10.60 and 10.51%) and G2-M1 (22.05 and 23.84%), which was higher than negative and positive control cells. Furthermore, the polyisoprenoids derived from A. alba and A. lanata leaves exhibited anticancer activity in WiDr cells through the downregulated gene expression of PI3K, Akt1, mTOR, and EGFR as well as the upregulated gene expression of P53. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that polyisoprenoids obtained from A. alba and A. lanata leaves are promising chemopreventive agents for colon cancer.
JD.com: Transaction-Level Data for the 2020 MSOM Data Driven Research Challenge
Authors: Shen Max , Tang Christopher S. , Wu Di , Yuan Rong , Zhou Wei 
Published: December 2020

To support the 2020 MSOM Data Driven Research Challenge, JD.com, China’s largest retailer, offers transaction-level data to MSOM members for conducting data-driven research. This article describes the transactional data associated with over 2.5 million customers (457,298 made purchases) and 31,868 stock keeping units (SKUs) over the month of March in 2018. We also present potential research questions suggested by JD.com. Researchers are welcome to develop econometric models or data-driven models using this database to address some of the suggested questions or examine their own research questions. History: Gad Allon served as guest editor-in-chief for this article. This paper has been accepted as part of the 2020 MSOM Data Driven Research Challenge.
Confidence among midwifery students in providing postnatal care at completion of training in selected midwifery schools in Zambia
Authors: Zulu Mutinke , Maimbolwa Margaret C , Sianchapa Brenda , Kwaleyela Concepta , Musenge Emmanuel 
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims Quality midwifery education is important in empowering student midwives with the confidence, knowledge, skills and attitudes relevant to the provision of quality postnatal care. The study aimed to assess confidence in providing postnatal care among midwifery students upon completion of training at selected midwifery schools in Zambia. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2016 at 5 of the 13 midwifery schools in Zambia. The sample comprised 194 finalist midwifery students who were purposively selected. Ethical approval was sort from the University of Zambia Research and Ethics Committee and participants signed informed consent forms. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20, and the chi-squared test was used to analyse the significance of the relationship between variables, with significance set at 0.05. Results Almost all (97%) student midwives were confident in their ability to provide postnatal care independently. Most stated that they had enough time to practice in the skills laboratory (63%) and were confident when they practiced on mothers and their babies for the first time (62%). The majority (82.5%) were satisfied with the supervision they received from their mentors. Confidence to provide postnatal care independently was significantly associated with the confidence to practice for the first time on mothers and their newborns (P=0.007) and with satisfaction with clinical supervision (P=0.004). Conclusions Student midwives were confident in their ability to provide postnatal care. Time spent practicing in the skills laboratory and the amount of clinical supervision were two factors that enhanced students' confidence. Midwifery schools must emphasise clinical practice and supervision in order to produce confident midwives.
Determination of Moisture Sorption Isotherms of Rice and Husk Flour Composites
Authors: Luthra Kaushik , Shafiekhani Soraya , Sadaka Sammy S. , Atungulu Griffiths G. 
Published: December 2020

HighlightsMoisture sorption isotherms of rice and husk flour composites were determined.Adsorption isotherms were best modeled by the Chung-Pfost and Oswin equations.Desorption isotherms were best modeled by the Polynomial and Chung-Pfost equations.The Modified Oswin model was the best for both adsorption and desorption.Abstract. Empirical models describing isotherms specifically for adsorption and desorption have not been described for rough rice and husk flour composites. Such models are vital for process control and monitoring operations which use rice husk and rice flours or their mixtures for food or material processing. The current study was undertaken to determine the moisture sorption isotherms of rice husk flour, rough rice flour and their mixtures subjected to different temperature levels. Effects of rice husk flour to rough rice flour ratio of 0:1 (0.0%), 1:49 (2.0%), 1:16 (5.9%), and 1:0 g/g (100.0%) on rough rice moisture isotherms at temperature levels of 20°C, 40°C, and 60°C were investigated. The dynamic dewpoint isotherm technique (DDI) was used to generate accurate isotherms. Several empirical models were tested to fit the experimental EMC data. All the isotherms showed typical sigmoidal type 2 shapes. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) over equilibrium relative humidity (water activity) ranging from 10% to 95% showed temperature dependence. Hysteresis was evident for all samples, with a decreasing level at a higher temperature. Rice husk flour to rough rice flour ratio, as a factor, showed a significant effect on the EMC of rough rice. The EMC decreased with an increase in rice husk flour levels. Chung-Pfost and Oswin were the two best models for describing adsorption isotherm, and Polynomial and Chung-Pfost were the best models for fitting the desorption isotherm. Modified Oswin model was the best model amongst the two-variable models for describing both adsorption and desorption isotherms. Keywords: Empirical models, Equilibrium moisture content, Rice husk flour, Rough rice flour, Sorption isotherms.
Droplet Deposition Behavior on a Pear Leaf Surface under Wind-Induced Vibration
Authors: Xi Te , Li Chao , Qiu Wei , Wang Hui , Lv Xiaolan , Han Changjie , Ahmad Fiaz 
Published: December 2020

HighlightsDroplet deposition behavior on pear leaf surfaces under wind-induced vibration was investigated.The factors and limiting conditions affecting the vibration and spreading of droplets were analyzed.A mathematical model of the vibration and spreading of droplets on pear leaves was constructed.Abstract. Pear trees, a kind of fruit tree prone to diseases and insects, are sprayed 7-8 times a year in northern China and 8-10 times a year in the hot and humid areas of southern China. Air-assisted spraying is also the mainstream application technique for pear trees at present. To study the deposition behavior of droplets on pear leaves under the effect of air flow, the movement states of fluorescent droplets at different initial leaf angles and different leaf positions were measured with a high-speed camera. Based on the combined effect of the microstructure and the vibration of pear leaves, the factors and limiting conditions affecting the vibration and spreading of droplets were analyzed, and a mathematical model of the vibration and spreading of droplets on pear leaves was constructed. The experiment showed that the degree of influence of each factor on the velocity and acceleration of the droplets is in turn the inflow velocity, the drop position and the initial leaf angle. For pear hydrophilic plants, it is necessary to meet both conditions that the droplet velocity is less than the critical velocity of 1.1 m/s and the droplet acceleration is less than the critical acceleration of 20 m/s2 so that the droplet can deposit on the leaf surface. An inflow velocity of 7 m/s better facilitates droplet deposition and spreading. Keywords: Deposition behavior, Pear leaf, Wind-induced vibration.
Quality of Life Outcome and Support Disparities Among People With More Severe Impairments
Authors: Friedman Carli 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) with more severe impairments often face service disparities. The aim of this study was to explore not only disparities in quality of life outcomes for people with IDD with severe impairments, but also disparities in the supports they receive from disability service organizations. Our analysis of Personal Outcome Measures interviews from 1,300 people revealed people with severe impairments experienced quality of life disparities in most domains, attributed to the fact that they also received fewer organizational supports than people with less severe impairments. By paying attention to person-centered outcomes, including these disparities, organizations' roles can shift from just providing services to supporting people to achieve the outcomes that are truly important to them.
Inclusion of Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Postsecondary Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Taylor Joshua P. , Rooney-Kron Magen , Whittenburg Holly N. , Thoma Colleen A. , Avellone Lauren , Seward Hannah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this systematic literature review was to examine the association between inclusive education and postsecondary outcomes for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Despite decades-long advocacy efforts, most individuals with IDD never achieve meaningful paid employment or enroll in postsecondary education after graduation from high school. Although educational and workforce legislation has emphasized both inclusive education and competitive integrated employment for youth with IDD, no previous reviews have examined the strength of evidence for the former as a pathway to positive postsecondary outcomes. This systematic literature review searched peer-reviewed articles published between 1997 and 2018. A total of nine studies met inclusion criteria. The majority of studies found positive effects for inclusive education on either postsecondary employment or education using correlational designs. Limitations to the included studies as well as implications and recommendations for practice, policy, and future research are discussed.
Polarization- and angle-insensitive ultrabroadband perfect metamaterial absorber for thermophotovoltaics
Authors: Chowdhary Ashish Kumar , Bhowmik Tanmay , Sikdar Debabrata 
Published: December 2020

We report an ultrabroadband perfect metamaterial absorber, comprising a two-dimensional array of a hemi-ellipsoid shaped metallo-dielectric multilayered structure. What we believe, to the best of our knowledge, is an unprecedented average absorbance of

∼

99
%

is theoretically demonstrated in the 300 to 4500 nm spectral range at normal incidence. We use 20 pairs of molybdenum–germanium metallo-dielectric layers with tungsten as the ground metal placed on a silicon substrate. Our design is polarization-independent as well as angle-insensitive (up to 60°), making it a perfect “superabsorber.” Theoretical modeling based on effective medium theory validates our full-wave simulation results. The figure-of-merit calculations suggest that our superabsorber can outperform recently reported broadband absorbers. The proposed design has potential application in thermophotovoltaics for solar energy harvesting.