bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric Properties of the Critical Thinking Disposition Assessment Test Amongst Medical Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cui Liyuan , Zhu Yaxin , Qu Jinglou , Tie Liming , Wang Ziqi , Qu Bo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Critical thinking disposition helps medical students and professionals overcome the effects of personal values and beliefs when exercising clinical judgment. The lack of effective instruments to measure critical thinking disposition in medical students has become an obstacle for training and evaluating students in undergraduate programs in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the CTDA test.Methods: A total of 278 students participated in this study and responded to the CTDA test. Cronbach’s a coefficient, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, floor effects and ceiling effects were measured to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. Construct validity of the pre-specified three-domain structure of the CTDA was evaluated by explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The convergent validity and discriminant validity were also analyzed.Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the entire questionnaire was calculated to be 0.92, all of the domains showed acceptable internal consistency (0.81-0.86), and the test-retest reliability indicated acceptable intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) (0.93, p<0.01). The EFA and the CFA demonstrated that the three-domain model fitted the data adequately. The test showed satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity.Conclusions: The CTDA is a reliable and valid questionnaire to evaluate the disposition of medical students towards critical thinking in China and can reasonably be applied in critical thinking programs and medical education research.
Risk factors and clinical features of deterioration in COVID-19 patients in Zhejiang, China: a single- centre, retrospective study
Authors: Yi Ping , Yang Xiang , Ding Cheng , Chen Yanfei , Xu Kaijin , Ni Qing , Zhao Hong , Li Yongtao , Zhang Xuan , Liu Jun , Sheng Jifang , Li Lanjuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection swept through Wuhan and spread across China and overseas beginning in December 2019. To identify predictors associated with disease progression, we evaluated clinical risk factors for exacerbation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsA retrospective analysis was used for PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019)-diagnosed hospitalized cases between January 19, 2020, and February 19, 2020, in Zhejiang, China. We systematically analysed the clinical characteristics of the patients and predictors of clinical deterioration.ResultsOne hundred patients with COVID-19, with a median age of 54 years, were included. Among them, 49 patients (49%) had severe and critical disease. Age ([36-58] vs [51-70], P=0.0001); sex (49% vs 77.6%, P=0.0031); Body Mass Index (BMI ) ([21.53-25.51] vs [23.28-27.01], P=0.0339); hypertension (17.6% vs 57.1%, P<0.0001); IL-6 ([6.42-30.46] vs [16.2-81.71], P=0.0001); IL-10 ([2.16-5.82] vs [4.35-9.63], P<0.0001); T lymphocyte count ([305- 1178] vs [167.5-440], P=0.0001); B lymphocyte count ([91-213] vs [54.5-163.5], P=0.0001); white blood cell count ([3.9-7.6] vs [5.5-13.6], P=0.0002); D2 dimer ([172-836] vs [408-953], P=0.005), PCT ([0.03-0.07] vs [0.04-0.15], P=0.0039); CRP ([3.8-27.9] vs [17.3-58.9], P<0.0001); AST ([16, 29] vs [18, 42], P=0.0484); artificial liver therapy (2% vs 16.3%, P=0.0148); and glucocorticoid therapy (64.7% vs 98%, P<0.0001) were associated with the severity of the disease. Age and weight were independent risk factors for disease severity.ConclusionDeterioration among COVID-19-infected patients occurred rapidly after hospital admission. In our cohort, we found that multiple factors were associated with the severity of COVID19. Early detection and monitoring of these indicators may reduce the progression of the disease. Removing these factors may halt the progression of the disease. In addition, Oxygen support, early treatment with low doses of glucocorticoids and liver therapy, when necessary, may help reduce mortality in critically ill patients.
Homocysteine promotes migration of adventitial fibroblasts via Angiotensin II type 1 receptor activation to aggravate atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhu Zhibo , Hao Xiangyu , Li Tianxiang , Guo Jianqiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms of HHcy-induced arteriosclerosis are largely unknown. Objective: To clarify the effect of Hcy on adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) and its relation with angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R).Method:The apolipoprotein E gene-deficient mice (ApoE−/−) were used as the murine model for atherosclerosis. HHcy was induced and treated by feeding them 1.5% methionine and telmisartan (gavage 10 mg/kg/d) for 12 weeks, respectively. The AFs and HEK293A cells transfected with the AT1R plasmid were used to investigate the interaction between Hcy and AT1R. All data were expressed as mean ± SEM. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA or repeated measurement ANOVA.Results:HHcy aggravated the plaque area of the aortic root and increased the expression of IL-6, MCP-1, and the macrophage marker Mac3 in the plaque and adventitia of the aorta, whereas telmisartan improved this effect. HHcy induced the occurrence of the AFs marker protein ER-TR7 in the plaque and the entire layer of the aorta, whereas telmisartan also improved this effect, indicating that HHcy induced AFs migration and that AT1R mediated this process. Hcy increased the production of AFs H2O2, ROS, and IL-6 of AFs, indicating that Hcy activated the oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, which may induce cell migration. The subsequent scratch and transwell experiments confirmed that Hcy induced the AFs migration and that telmisartan inhibited this effect. Hcy increased the expression of AFs AT1R and the phosphorylation levels of PKC and ERK1/2 in the AF and HEK293A cells transfected with the AT1R plasmid, whereas telmisartan inhibited this effect, indicating that Hcy activated AT1R intracellular signaling pathway.Conclusion:Hcy promoted adventitial inflammation, induced AFs migration, and aggravated atherosclerosis by activating AT1R.
Sulfur content at sulfide saturation of peridotitic melt at upper mantle conditions
Authors: Blanchard Ingrid , Abeykoon Sumith , Frost Daniel J. , Rubie David C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe concentration of sulfur that can be dissolved in a silicate liquid is of fundamental importance because it is closely associated with several major Earth-related processes. Considerable effort has been made to understand the interplay between the effects of silicate melt composition and its capacity to retain sulfur, but the dependence on pressure and temperature is mostly based on experiments performed at pressures and temperatures below 6 GPa and 2073 K. Here we present a study of the effects of pressure and temperature on sulfur content at sulfide saturation of a peridotitic liquid. We performed 14 multi-anvil experiments using a peridotitic starting composition, and we produced 25 new measurements at conditions ranging from 7 to 23 GPa and 2173 to 2623 K. We analyzed the recovered samples using both electron microprobe and laser ablation ICP-MS. We compiled our data together with previously published data that were obtained at lower P-T conditions and with various silicate melt compositions. We present a new model based on this combined data set that encompasses the entire range of upper mantle pressure-temperature conditions, along with the effect of a wide range of silicate melt compositions. Our findings are consistent with earlier work based on extrapolation from lower-pressure and lower-temperature experiments and show a decrease of sulfur content at sulfide saturation (SCSS) with increasing pressure and an increase of SCSS with increasing temperature. We have extrapolated our results to pressure-temperature conditions of the Earth’s primitive magma ocean, and show that FeS will exsolve from the molten silicate and can effectively be extracted to the core by a process that has been termed the “Hadean Matte.” We also discuss briefly the implications of our results for the lunar magma ocean.
Fractal distribution of mineral species among the crystallographic point groups
Authors: Hummer Daniel R. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Crystallographic data from 5289 IMA-approved mineral species in the RRUFF database were used to examine the distribution of species among the 32 crystallographic point groups. It is found that within each crystal system, minerals strongly prefer point groups with higher group orders. Within a crystal system, the abundance of minerals belonging to each point group approximately obeys a power law with respect to group order, the same mathematical formalism that describes objects with fractal geometry. In this framework, each crystal system has its own fractal dimension; crystal systems possessing threefold (or sixfold) symmetry elements (i.e., trigonal, hexagonal, isometric) have significantly lower fractal dimension (&lt;2), while those with only one-, two-, or fourfold symmetry elements (triclinic, monoclinic, orthorhombic, tetragonal) have higher fractal dimension (&gt;2). While higher symmetry is preferred within a crystal system, the opposite trend is observed when comparing between crystal systems, with more species preferring crystals systems with lower order symmetry elements than those with higher order symmetry elements at constant group order. The combination of these two competing trends leads to a complex distribution of minerals among the crystal systems, and to the monoclinic group 2/m, the orthorhombic group 2/m2/m2/m, and the triclinic group 1 being the three most popular point groups, respectively. The fractal behavior of symmetry distribution among minerals points toward universal scaling patterns not just in physical, geometric objects but also in the way that symmetry is incorporated into natural periodic structures.
RELEVÂNCIA PROVISÓRIA E URGÊNCIA SOB MEDIDA: PARADOXOS CONCEITUAIS NA MODERNA CONJUNTURA JURÍDICO-POLÍTICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Silva Delano David , Fernandez Everaldo Luiz Bonfim 
Published: December 2020

O presente ensaio visa a observar a definição de pressupostos constitucionais de relevância e urgência nas medidas provisórias sob uma perspectiva sociopolítica. Previstas no artigo 62 da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, são instrumentos de caráter excepcional e de emprego pelo Chefe do Poder Executivo para editar normas com força de lei para situações de manifesta relevância que exijam urgência. A aferição do cumprimento desses requisitos na realidade, e, consequentemente, o uso adequado deste instrumento normativo, considerado o diagnóstico contumaz de que a competência legislativa do Poder Executivo revela-se desvirtuada nesta seara, traduz o núcleo de discussão deste artigo.
Palavras-chave: Constituição. Sociedade. Medidas Provisórias. Relevância. Urgência.
How Social Media Use at Work Affects Improvement of Older People’s Willingness to Delay Retirement During Transfer From Demographic Bonus to Health Bonus: Causal Relationship Empirical Study
Authors: Ma Yiming , Liang Changyong , Gu Dongxiao , Zhao Shuping , Yang Xuejie , Wang Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2020

Background
With the increased older population in China and the subsequent reduced labor force, the “demographic bonus” is disappearing. The Chinese government proposed a Healthy China strategy in 2017. The transfer of the demographic bonus to a “health bonus” extended the working life of people and reduced the negative impact of the population’s aging on the labor force structure.

Objective
This research focuses on the effect of older workers’ social media usage at work on their work ability (related to both physical and mental health) and thus their willingness to delay retirement.

Methods
The questionnaire respondents were older than 55 years, and they obtained the questionnaire from social media, from June to July 2018. A total of 1020 valid questionnaires were collected, and SmartPLS 3.28 (SmartPLS GmbH) was used to analyze the data. Effects were analyzed using 2-tailed t tests.

Results
(1) Use of social media at work can improve information support (t14=13.318, P<.001), emotional support (t14=13.184, P<.001), and self-efficacy (t14=6.364, P<.001) for older people; (2) information support is the main factor affecting the self-efficacy of older workers (t14=23.304, P<.001), as compared with emotional support (t14=1.799, P=0.07); (3) the impacts of emotional support on work ability (t14=8.876, P<.001) and work stress (t14=9.545, P<.001) are generally higher than those of information support (t14=4.394, P<.001; t14=5.002, P<.001); (4) self-efficacy has an impact on work ability (t14=5.658, P<.001) and work stress (t14=4.717, P<.001); and (5) the impacts of work ability (t14=8.586, P<.001) and work stress (t14=8.579, P<.001) on retirement willingness are greater than those of emotional support (t14=2.112, P=.04) and information support (t14=4.314, P<.001).

Conclusions
Our study confirms that the use of social media at work has a positive impact on older workers. Based on the findings, we have put forward proposals to extend people’s working lives and help governments implement health bonus policies. In the future, we will compare the different values of willingness to delay retirement among older people in different occupations and different cultures.
System Architecture for "Support Through Mobile Messaging and Digital Health Technology for Diabetes" (SuMMiT-D): Design and Performance in Pilot and Randomized Controlled Feasibility Studies
Authors: Chi Yuan , Velardo Carmelo , Allen Julie , Robinson Stephanie , Riga Evgenia , Judge David , Tarassenko Lionel , Farmer Andrew J 
Published: December 2020

Background
Diabetes is a highly prevalent long-term condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. People with diabetes commonly worry about their diabetes medicines and do not always take them regularly as prescribed. This can lead to poor diabetes control. The Support Through Mobile Messaging and Digital Health Technology for Diabetes (SuMMiT-D) study aims to deliver brief messages as tailored interventions to support people with type 2 diabetes in better use of their diabetes medicines and to improve treatment adherence and health outcomes.

Objective
This paper describes the overall architecture of a tailored intervention delivery system used in the pilot and randomized controlled feasibility studies of SuMMiT-D and reports its performance.

Methods
The SuMMiT-D system includes several platforms and resources to recruit participants and deliver messages as tailored interventions. Its core component is called the clinical system and is responsible for interacting with the participants by receiving and sending SMS text messages from and to them. The personalization and tailoring of brief messages for each participant is based on a list of built-in commands that they can use.

Results
For the pilot study, a total of 48 participants were recruited; they had a median age of 64 years (first quartile, third quartile [Q1, Q3: 54.5, 69]). For the feasibility study, a total of 209 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either the control or intervention group; they had a median age of 65 years (Q1, Q3: 56, 71), with 41.1% (86/209) being female. The participants used the SuMMiT-D system for up to 6 months (26 weeks) and had a wide range of different interactions with the SuMMiT-D system while tailored interventions were being delivered. For both studies, we had low withdrawal rates: only 4.2% and 5.3% for the pilot and feasibility studies, respectively.

Conclusions
A system was developed to successfully deliver brief messages as tailored health interventions to more than 250 people with type 2 diabetes via SMS text messages. On the basis of the low withdrawal rates and positive feedback received, it can be inferred that the SuMMiT-D system is robust, user-friendly, useful, and positive for most participants. From the two studies, we found that online recruitment was more efficient than recruitment via postal mail; a regular SMS text reminder (eg, every 4 weeks) can potentially increase the participants’ interactions with the system.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN13404264; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13404264
A Mobile Health Platform for Self-Management of Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis: Qualitative Study of Adaptation to Stakeholder Needs and Integration in Clinical Settings
Authors: Rutland Sarah B , Bergquist Rikard Palmer , Hager Andreas , Geurs Robin , Mims Cathy , Gutierrez Hector H , Oates Gabriela R 
Published: December 2020

Background
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited chronic condition that requires extensive daily care and quarterly clinic visits with a multidisciplinary care team. The limited exchange of information outside of the quarterly clinic visits impedes optimal disease self-management, patient engagement, and shared decision making.

Objective
The aim of this study is to adapt a mobile health (mHealth) app originally developed in Sweden to the needs of patients, families, and health care providers in a CF center in the United States and to test it as a platform for sharing patient-generated health data with the CF health care team.

Methods
Focus groups with health care providers of patients with CF, adolescents with CF, and caregivers of children with CF were conducted to determine what modifications were necessary. Focus group data were analyzed using a thematic analysis, and emergent themes were ranked according to desirability and technical feasibility. The mHealth platform was then modified to meet the identified needs and preferences, and the flow of patient-generated health data to a secure Research Electronic Data Capture database was tested. Protocols for data management and clinical follow-up were also developed.

Results
A total of 5 focus groups with 21 participants were conducted. Recommended modifications pertained to all functionalities of the mHealth platform, including tracking of symptoms, treatments, and activities of daily care; creating and organizing medication lists and setting up reminders; generating reports for the health care team; language and presentation; sharing and privacy; and settings and accounts. Overall, health care providers recommended changes to align the mHealth platform with US standards of care, people with CF and their caregivers requested more tracking functionalities, and both groups suggested the inclusion of a mental health tracker as well as more detailed response options and precise language. Beta testers of the modified platform reported issues related to translatability to US environment and various bugs.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated the importance of identifying the needs and preferences of target users and stakeholders before adopting existing mHealth solutions. All relevant perspectives, including those of clinicians, patients, and caregivers, should be thoroughly considered to meet both end users’ needs and evidence-based practice recommendations.
La Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México: gobernabilidad y gobernanza
Authors: Espejel Mena Jaime 
Published: December 2020

La Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México refleja, por un lado, la relación entre los ámbitos nacional y local, y por otro, la desigualdad y el rezago por la ausencia de capacidad y coherencia para orientar los procesos urbanos de las regiones. El texto plantea que la gobernabilidad en el ámbito local es de suma importancia para lograr que el gobierno municipal sea el que provea, como instancia directa, los servicios a los ciudadanos. Se concluye que la gobernanza puede nutrir y dignificar la orientación de los procesos urbanos, cuando esta supera los privilegios de los partidos políticos.
Investigaciones Arqueológicas en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Parte 3
Authors: Reichel-Dolmatoff Gerardo 
Published: December 2020

En un reciente estudio (Reichel-Dolmatoff, 1954), he presentado una descripción de los principales rasgos arquitectónicos del sitio arqueológico de Pueblito, en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, seguida por una tipología tentativa de la cerámica correspondiente al período Tairona II. En el presente trabajo, el cual forma la continuación del estudio anterior, me propongo describir en algún detalle una serie de excavaciones efectuadas en Pueblito, en sitios de habitación.
En el curso de estas excavaciones, en repetidas ocasiones se observaron objetos de manufactura u origen europeo en asociación con objetos indígenas. En algunos casos estas asociaciones no estaban plenamente comprobables, de manera que se tuvo eventualmente cierta duda acerca de la asociación in situ; en otros casos sin embargo la asociación era evidente y la posición de los diversos artefactos hallados indicó claramente que habían sido depositados al mismo tiempo. Con el fin de eliminar toda duda acerca de la validez de tales asociaciones, he escogido en el presente trabajo cuatro sitios de habitación en los cuales se observaron dichas condiciones de contemporaneidad. En todos los cuatro sitios se trata de casas de vivienda, distribuídas sobre una amplia zona de Pueblito y situadas tanto en el centro como en la periferia del poblado. Ninguno de estos sitios figura en el mapa de Mason (1931); en el mapa publicado en nuestro estudio anterior, ellos corresponden a los números 167, 179, 238 y 257.
La influencia del bilingüismo como factor de transformación de un sistema Fonológico
Authors: Caudmont Jean 
Published: December 2020

0.—Introducción.

0.1—Planteamiento del problema.
0.2—La lengua Inga.

1.—Los elementos en presencia.

1.1—El quichua.
1.2—El español.

2.—Interferencias producidas por el español.

2.1—El bilingüísmo de los indios Inganos.
2.2—Defonogización de algunos fonemas quichuas en inga.
2.3—Tendencias a la fonologización en inga.

3.—Modificaciones en el sistema fonológico del español hablado por los indios inganos.
4.—Conclusiones.
Carolyn Richmond, Días felices. Aproximaciones a El jardín de las delicias de Francisco Ayala, Sevilla, Fundación José Manuel Lara, 2018, 268 pp.
Authors: Emiliozzi Irma 
Published: December 2020

Revisión del libro Días felices. Aproximaciones a El jardín de las delicias de Francisco Ayala de C. Richmond
Cruz Novillo de Cine
Authors: Hernández De la Rosa Soledad 
Published: December 2020

La exposición “Cruz Novillo de cine” es el resultado de la colaboración entre Madrid Film Office, servicio público del Ayuntamiento de Madrid que tiene como misión promocionar la ciudad como escenario idóneo de rodaje de producciones audiovisuales, y DIMAD (Asociación y Fundación Diseño Madrid).
La exposición, coproducida por ambas entidades, se celebró del 8 de noviembre al 17 de diciembre de 2019 en La Central de Diseño de Matadero Madrid, sede de DIMAD.