Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading of Universal Testing Machine through Sustainability Assessment Modeling
Authors: Abdullah Ziyad Tariq 
Published: August 2020

Aims: Study sustainability of Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading of Universal Testing Machine Business.
Study Design: Sustainability assessment criteria are elicited, unified, normalized and weighted to find the mean global weights of economic, environmental, social, management and technical measures of sustainability.
Place and Duration of Study: Middle Technical University, Institute of Technology-Baghdad, Mechanical Techniques Department, between January 2020 and August 2020.
Methodology: Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading experience is used to project the suitable literature comparatively to construct sustainability assessment model. Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading are reviewed and modified to accommodate new changes that accompany the current case study.
Decision making for selection of remanufactured alternatives and remanufacturing alternative in field of machine tools remanufacturing is reviewed. Experience in field of machine tool remanufacturing is exploited to remodeling of existence models to optimize a remanufactured lathe into CNC machine case study.
Results: Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading of Universal Testing Machine can encounter four phases of upgradability so that Universal Testing Machine can be divided into:
1- Analog Display Universal Testing Machine
2- Digital Display Universal Testing Machine
3- Computer Display Universal Testing Machine
4- Electro-Hydraulic Servo Control Universal Testing Machine
Such classification cannot fulfill structural analysis to study sustainability through prospective of remanufacturing added upgradability so structural analysis is required to be applied. Structural analysis can show that mechanical structure and hydraulic sub-systems are developing slightly through these four phases so they are remanufacturing oriented while control and data acquisition system encounters dramatically changes so that Universal Testing Machines are classified based on their specifications in control and data acquisition. According to Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading based sustainability prospective, Universal Testing Machine components can be classified into :-
1- Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading based design components
2- Remanufacturing based design components
3- Upgrading based design components
4- General purposes based design components
Assessment matrices are of consistent weights with an error due to ambiguity, inexactness subjectivity, impreciseness and vagueness to an extent in some joints of the problem statement which requires future research.
Conclusion: Literature based analysis and experience based analysis can be used to develop alternatives based analysis to elicit potentials to apply Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading of Universal Testing Machine to develop sustainable business. Technically, remanufacturing is the viable to be followed by economic and environment viabilities. There is a need to enhance the social and management viabilities because they are low. Assessment based classification lead to that Universal Testing Machine can be divided into:
1- Remanufacturing based Design Components which include Upper Cross Head, Moveable Cross Head, Lead Screws, Driving Sub-system, Upper Cross Head and Table Alignment Columns, Table, Machine Base Foundation, Hydraulic Cylinder and Hydraulic Pump.
2- Remanufacturing Aided Upgrading based Design components which include Load Control Valve, hydraulic oil returning valve and Pump Electrical Motor.
3- Upgrading based Design components which include Analog Display, Pendulum Load Cell, Elongation Translation Mechanism, Pressure Sensor, Load Cell, Encoder, Extensometer, Data Acquisition Card, Data Acquisition-Control Card, Computer Display Data Acquisition Software and Computer Display Data Acquisition-Control Software.
4- General purposes based design components which include piping system, Upper Cross Head Grips and Moveable Cross Head Grip.