bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subaru Medium-resolution Spectra of a QSO at z = 6.62: Three Reionization Tests
Authors: Lu Ting-Yi , Goto Tomotsugu , Tang Ji-Jia , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Wong Yi-Hang Valerie , Chiang Chia-Ying , Wu Yi-Han , Kim Seong Jin , Ho Simon C.-C. , Wang Ting-Wen , On Alvina Y. L. , D. Santos Daryl Joe 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Investigating the Gunn–Peterson (GP) trough of high-redshift quasars (QSOs) is a powerful way to reveal the cosmic reionization. As one of such attempts, we perform a series of analyses to examine the absorption lines observed with one of the highest-redshift QSOs, PSO J006.1240+39.2219, which we previously discovered at z = 6.62. Using the Subaru telescope, we obtained medium-resolution spectrum with a total exposure time of 7.5 hr. We calculate the Lyα transmission in different redshift bins to determine the near zone radius and the optical depth at 5.6 < z < 6.5. We find a sudden change in the Lyα transmission at 5.75 < z < 5.86, which is consistent with the result from the literature. The near zone radius of the QSO is 5.79 ± 0.09 pMpc, within the scatter of the near zone radii of other QSOs measured in previous studies. We also analyze the dark gap distribution to probe the neutral hydrogen fractions beyond the saturation limit of the GP trough. We extend the measurement of the dark gaps to 5.7 < z < 6.3. We find that the gap widths increase with increasing redshifts, suggesting more neutral universe at higher redshifts. However, these measurements strongly depend on the continuum modeling. As a continuum model-free attempt, we also perform the dark pixel counting analysis to find the upper limit of

〈

x

H

I

〉
∼
0.6

(0.8) at z < 5.8 (z > 5.8). All three analyses based on this QSO show increasingly neutral hydrogen toward higher redshifts, adding precious measurements up to z ∼ 6.5.
Mobilidade humana internacional, transcontinental e intra-regional: biopoder, estratégias e representações de migrantes (séculos XIX-XXI)
Authors: Lai Sai Acón Chan  , Soto-Quiros Ronald 
Published: April 2020

O presente dossiê surge como uma iniciativa de seus coordenadores – Lai Sai Acón Chan e Ronald Soto-Quirós – interessados nas migrações internacionais, e que colaboram conjuntamente em um projeto de recuperação da memória histórica das migrações chinesas na Costa Rica (PREMEHCHI), cuja sede se situa na Universidade da Costa Rica (Costa Rica)[1]: uma equipe internacional pluridisciplinar que reune investigadores da Universidade da Costa Rica, da UNED (Costa Rica), da equipe multidisciplinar sobre América Latina e Península Ibérica (AMERIBER) da Université Bordeaux Montaigne (França), e da University of Minnesota Morris (EUA).
Este dossiê é o primeiro esforço da revista Diálogos, do Departamento de História e do Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), por reunir artigos que deverão estar em inglês, e opcionalmente em outra língua, aí incluindo até mesmo o português, com o fim de internacionalizar e facilitar a difusão do conhecimento. Neste caso particular, o dossiê se enfoca no fenômeno das migrações internacionais – ou mobilidades humanas internacionais – tratado sob o olhar de especialistas de disciplinas muito diversas (história, sociologia, ciências políticas, estudos culturais, cinema, etc.) e de horizontes acadêmicos muito variados (Costa Rica, Honduras, Estados Unidos, França e Espanha).
Nesse sentido, nosso dossiê se divide em quatro eixos principais. O primeiro eixo se interessa nos casos históricos das mobilidades humanas consideradas como diásporas internacionais transcontinentais, sua relação com dispositivos de biopoder, as diferentes estratégias dos indivíduos nos países de recepção e as representações que se geram entorno dos indivíduos ou populações migrantes. Uma segunda parte analisa as mobilidades humanas e sua incidência e relação na criação de narrativas identitárias, nacionais e homogeneizadoras, e as eventuais ferramentas biopolíticas institucionais de controle que se geram. Uma terceira seção do dossiê aborda mais especificamente o tema da mobilidade humana intraregional continental com interpretação histórica, mas enfatizando em casos muito contemporâneos – assim se voltam a analisar os discursos enunciados, os mecanismos de biopoder e as subjetividades implicadas. Finalmente, um último eixo de trabalho se enfoca nas representações nas artes visuais (cinema e televisão) de diferentes tipos de mobilidade humana e em espaços geográficos e cronológicos muito diversos.
[1] Sobre este proyecto PREMEHCHI, podemos dirigirnos a: http://premehchi.ucr.ac.cr/
Investigation of sources of gravity waves observed in the Brazilian equatorial region on 8 April 2005
Authors: Dare-Idowu Oluwakemi , Paulino Igo , Figueiredo Cosme A. O. B. , Medeiros Amauri F. , Buriti Ricardo A. , Paulino Ana Roberta , Wrasse Cristiano M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. On 8 April 2005, strong gravity wave (GW) activity (over a period of more than 3 h) was observed in São João do Cariri (7.4∘ S, 36.5∘ W).
These waves propagated to the southeast and presented different spectral
characteristics (wavelength, period and phase speed). Using hydroxyl
(OH) airglow images, the characteristics of the observed GWs were
calculated; the wavelengths ranged between 90 and 150 km, the periods ranged from
∼26 to 67 min and the phase speeds ranged from 32 to 71 m s−1.
A reverse ray-tracing analysis was performed to search for the possible
sources of the waves that were detected. The ray-tracing database was composed of
temperature profiles from the Naval Research Laboratory Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter (NRLMSISE-00) model and SABER measurements as well as wind
profiles from the Horizontal Wind Model (HWM) and meteor radar data. According to the ray tracing result, the likely source of these observed gravity waves was the
Intertropical Convergence Zone, which caused intense convective processes to take place in the northern part of the observatory. Also, the observed preferential
propagation direction of the waves to the southeast could be explained using
blocking diagrams, i.e. due to the wind filtering process.
An enigmatic Chironomidae (Diptera): first larval description for Nandeva Wiedenbrug, Reiss and Fittkau and evidence for phylogenetic position in Tanytarsini
Authors: Cranston Peter S. 
Published: April 2020

The previously unknown larva of the genus Nandeva Wiedenbrug, Reiss and Fittkau (Chironomidae: Chironominae) is suggested to be a candidate from tropical northern Australia belonging to the tribe Tanytarsini. The basis for the assumption is DNA analysis showing maximum values of Bayesian posterior probability and Bootstrap support for an exclusive sister relationship of the unreared larva with a male of Nandeva from South America. The monophyly of Nandeva has high support as a member of the subtribe Tanytarsina, although its precise relationships within this subtribe lack support. Larval morphology is described and illustrated, and conforms to the subtribe Tanytarsina in tribe Tanytarsini. The historical tempo is discussed in relation to fossils and dating of pertinent nodes and the term ‘pseudo-gondwanan’ is used to described an extant restricted austral range, but with fossils showing a wider past distribution in the north.
Management of Ascending Aorta Calcification in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Wang Chuan , Yu Yang , Gu Chengxiong , Li Jingxing 
Published: April 2020

Neurological complications are one of the most common complications after coronary artery bypass grafting. With the development of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG), the incidence of postoperative neurological complications caused by aortic intubation decreased significantly; however, the continuous suture of the great saphenous vein-aortic anastomosis in the coronary artery bypass grafting requires the operation of surgical clamp and perforation on the ascending aorta, which may lead to potential plaque detachment. Calcification of ascending aorta is an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular events after OPCABG. Therefore, it is crucial to explore and operate on the ascending aorta. There are three main methods of proximal anastomosis in OPCABG: (1) partial blocking of ascending aorta with side wall clamp for anastomosis; (2) application of proximal anastomosis auxiliary device (Enclose, Heartstring, etc.) for proximal anastomosis; and (3) original auxiliary device (urethra catheter-water sac) or no-clamp surgical techniques for proximal anastomosis.
Resurrecting the Hospital Autopsy: Impact of an Office of Decedent Affairs on Consent Rates, Providers, and Next-of-Kin
Authors: Juskewitch Justin E. , Griffin Joan M. , Maleszewski Joseph J. , Asiedu Gladys B. , Paolini Michael A. , Regnier Angela K. , Yrjo Melanie L. , Kendall Monica L. , Comfere Nneka I. , Cheville Andrea L. , Carey Elise C. , Amirahmadi Fazlollaah , Rabatin Jeffrey T. , Moynihan Timothy J. , Reichard R. Ross , Aubry Marie-Christine 
Published: April 2020

Context.—Autopsy rates have decreased dramatically despite providing important clinical information to medical practices and social benefits to decedents' families.Objective.—To assess the impact of an institutional Office of Decedent Affairs (ODA), a direct communication link between pathology and decedents' families, on hospital autopsy consent rates, autopsy-related communication, practitioner views, and next-of-kin experiences.Design.—A before and after study involving all hospital decedents whose deaths did not fall within the jurisdiction of the medical examiner's office from 2013 to 2018. A pathology-run ODA launched in May 2016 to guide next-of-kin through the hospital death process (including autopsy-related decisions) and serve as the next-of-kin's contact for any subsequent autopsy-related communication. Critical care and hematology/oncology practitioners were assessed for their autopsy-related views and decedents' next-of-kin were assessed for their autopsy-related experiences. Autopsy consent rates for non–medical examiner hospital deaths, autopsy-related communication rates, practitioner views on the role and value of autopsy, and next-of-kin autopsy experiences and decisions factors were compared prior to and after ODA launch.Results.—Autopsy consent rates significantly increased from 13.2% to 17.3% (480 of 3647 deaths versus 544 of 3148 deaths; P &lt; .001). There were significant increases in the rate of autopsy-related discussions and bereavement counseling provided to decedents' families. Practitioner views on the positive role of autopsy for any hospital death and those with advanced stage cancer also significantly increased. Next-of-kin indicated more consistent autopsy-related discussions with the potential benefits of autopsy discussed becoming key decision factors.Conclusions.—An ODA improves hospital autopsy consent rates, autopsy-related communication, providers' autopsy-related views, and next-of-kins autopsy experiences.
Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Al-Saikhan Fahad I. , Ahmed Nehad J. , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) imparts a substantial economic burden on an individual and society. Exacerbation of COPD (ECOPD) is the primary cost driver for this burden as it usually associated with hospital admissions of COPD patients. The present study aimed to determine the direct costs of acute ECOPD among COPD patients.
Methods: A total of 90 eligible patients with acute ECOPD who were admitted to the hospital were involved in this study. A convenient sampling technique was used during data collection. Cost data were collected according to the expenditures and existing information. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. The Spearman's rank test was used to observe the differences (correlations) between the Govt perspective and the patient perspective.
Results: The direct costs per episode of acute ECOPD were determined according to the Anthonisen criteria for evaluating acute ECOPD. The mean direct costs for severity III, severity II and severity I were 89.1, 134.8 and 178.2 USD respectively. The cost of acute ECOPD was positively associated with disease severity, length of hospital stay and the number of co-morbidities.
Conclusion: Acute ECOPD patients consume a considerable amount of healthcare resources and pose a significant economic burden on the government.
How Do Out-of-Pocket Expenditures Affect Healthcare: A Qualitative Insight of Acute Exacerbation among Asthma Patients
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Al-Saikhan Fahad I. , Ahmed Nehad J. , Iqbal Muhammad Zahid 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: This study was designed to determine the out of pocket costs (OOPCs) of acute exacerbation of asthma (AEA) in asthma patients attending a public hospital.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done by interviewing the patients using the convenience sampling technique. Data were obtained based on per episode of AEA. OOPCs were calculated based on direct and indirect costs. A total of 128 patients participated in the study. The data were analyzed with SPSS ver 23.
Results: The study group comprised of 88 males (68.8%), 57 (44.5%) singles and 67 (52.3%) less than 40 years of age. There were considerable differences found between the severity levels and lengths of hospital stay towards the OOPCs.
Conclusion: The severity of the AEA and length of stay in the hospital increase the per episode OOPCs of AEA among asthma patients.
Diabetes in pregnancy
Authors: Bassaw B. , Ataullah I. , Roopnarinesingh S. , Sirjusingh A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To determine whether there is an association between the level of glycemic control and perinatal complications in pregnant diabetic patients. Methods: Two hundred sixty confirmed cases of pre‐existing diabetes, gestational diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance were analyzed to assess risk factors, modality of treatment, level of blood sugar control and effect on perinatal morbidity and mortality. Results: Risk factors for the development of diabetes included age (> 25 years), East Indian ethnic origin, glycosuria, and a history of diabetes in a first‐degree relative. Treatment consisted of diet alone or in combination with soluble insulin. There is a marked increase in perinatal mortality and maternal morbidity if normoglycemia is not maintained. Conclusions: A greater emphasis must be placed on the detection of diabetes in pregnancy and effective treatment should be instituted as early as possible to achieve normoglycemia if associated complications are to be reduced.
Dermatoglyphic patterns in subtypes of schizophrenia
Authors: Chary TVR , Varma SL , Singh S , Zain AM , Dharap AS 
Published: July 2002

SummaryDermatoglyphic patterns of fingers were studied in two hundred and fifty patients of various subtypes of schizophrenia and ninety normal control subjects. The difference between the males and female dermatoglyphic patterns in the schizophrenic and controls was found to be non significant. No difference was also found between the fingerprint patterns in patients of various subtypes of schizophrenia.
Incidence of dementia in the elderly: review of age and sex effects
Authors: Schröppel H , Baumann A , Fichter M , Meller I 
Published: July 2002

SummaryA review of epidemiological studies about incidence of dementia among the aged is presented. Empirical studies on incidence of dementia have shown considerably differing estimations. Nevertheless, in all studies, an age-related increase in incidence becomes clearly apparent. Epidemiological field-studies could not yield consistent findings concerning the association of incidence and gender. However, most studies found an increased incidence for men until the age of 70–80 years. In older age most studies reported the same incidence for men and women or found an increased incidence of dementia in women. The findings are reviewed and discussed in the context of methodological issues.
The practice of female genital mutilation in Upper Egypt
Authors: Sayed G.H. , El‐Aty M.A. Abd , Fadel K.A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To study the prevalence of and reasons for female genital mutilation in an Egyptian village population. Methods: A survey of all 819 households in an Upper Egyptian village near Assiut was conducted in 1992. The mothers of 1732 girls under 20 years of age were interviewed to obtain information about their daughters. When possible, fathers and grandparents were also interviewed. Results: Respectively, 62%, 36.6% and 1.1% were girls who had undergone female genital mutilation (FGM), were to undergo the procedure and were not to have the operation. A total of 67% of the fathers of girls who had undergone FGM and 92% of their mothers were illiterate. FGM was performed most often when girls were 5–9 years old. Almost all procedures (97.5%) were performed by dayas; 1.3% were performed by barbers. A razor was used in 80.7% of the cases, and a knife in 18.5%; in less than 1% (0.7%) of the procedures were medical instruments used. The most prevalent reason for FGM was that it followed customs and traditions (77%). Serious bleeding (5.7%) and pain (3%) were the most commonly reported complications of the procedure. Conclusions: The study raises a number of questions about the experience of FGM by young girls, the reasons for maintaining this practice and the kinds of interventions which might be effective in eliminating it.
Thrombomodulin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI‐1) and fibronectin as biomarkers of endothelial damage in preeclampsia and eclampsia
Authors: Shaarawy Mohamed , El Didy Hany 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: Preeclampsia has been recently suggested to be an endothelial cell disorder. This study was initiated to determine the levels of various biomarkers of endothelial damage in preeclampsia and eclampsia. Methods: Blood samples were withdrawn from 70 pregnant women in their third trimester grouped as 25 mild preeclampsia, 15 severe preeclampsia, 10 eclampsia and 20 normotensive healthy women (controls) for the determination of thrombomodulin by ELISA, PAI‐1 by urokinase method and fibronectin by radial immunodiffusion. Results were statistically analyzed by Student's t‐test. Results: Circulation levels of PAI‐1, thrombomodulin and fibronectin were increased with increasing severity of the disease. Thrombomodulin was the only parameter which did not change significantly in mild preeclampsia. The average percent increments in preeclampsia and eclampsia were 63%, 102% and 132%, respectively. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that fibronectin may be a more valuable biomarker than thrombomodulin and PAI‐1 for the assessment of endothelial damage in preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Acute reversal of oligohydramnios‐polyhydramnios sequence in monochorionic twins
Authors: Bromley B. , Benacerraf B.R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTwo cases of monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation with severe oligohydramnios‐polyhydramnios sequence (‘stuck’ twin) are described. In each of these cases there was a marked fluctuation in amniotic fluid volume and reversal of which twin was ‘stuck’. The definitive identification of the twins was evident due to a discordant fetal malformations in each twin pair.
Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in patients with ovarian cancer stage I and II
Authors: Kodama S. , Tanaka K. , Tokunaga A. , Sudo N. , Takahashi T. , Matsui K. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate prognostic factors such as surface capsular invasion, rupture of the capsule and intraperitoneal cytology in patients with stage I or II ovarian cancer. Method: Multivariate analysis was performed using 11 clinicopathologic prognostic factors obtained from 183 cases of stage I and II ovarian cancer, which had been surgically treated between 1983 and 1993. Results: Significant prognostic factors determined by the Kaplan‐Meier method were rupture and invasion of the capsule in stage II ovarian cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that spontaneous rupture of the capsule was the only significant factor, and intrapelvic cytology was an important factor without significance. Although capsular rupture caused by the surgeon showed poor prognosis by the Kaplan‐Meier method, no significance was observed for this factor by multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Multivariate analysis showed that capsular rupture caused by the surgeon did not affect the prognosis in stage I and II ovarian cancer.
Gestational and pre‐gestational diabetes: comparison of maternal and fetal characteristics and outcome
Authors: El Mallah K.O. , Narchi H. , Kulaylat N.A. , Shaban M.S. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To determine the incidence of antenatal and intrapartum maternal and fetal complications of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and compare them with pre‐gestational diabetes mellitus (pre‐GDM) and non‐diabetic pregnancies in our population. Study design: Nine‐hundred and seventy‐two women with gestational diabetes mellitus and 71 women with pre‐gestational diabetes mellitus, and their offspring (delivered in our hospital between January 1991 and April 1994) were studied. Maternal and fetal prenatal and intrapartum complications were analyzed. Results: The incidence of GDM was 9.8%. The maternal complications included higher incidences of cesarean section and perineal lacerations in GDM and pre‐GDM patients than in the non‐diabetic pregnancies, and higher rates of macrosomia and hypoglycemic episodes in their offspring. Conclusion: The incidence of maternal, fetal and neonatal complications in GDM is similar to pre‐GDM patients and their offspring. Both GDM and pre‐GDM pregnancies and the offspring should, therefore, be monitored and managed identically.
The Pryor technique of uterine morcellation
Authors: Pelosi M.A. , Pelosia M.A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: An efficient, yet largely forgotten technique of transvaginal uterine wedge morcellation developed by William Pryor at the turn of the century is described. Method: Pryor's technique of transvaginal wedge morcellation was employed to reduce uterine size in four cases of vaginal hysterectomy and in 10 cases of laparoscopicssisted vaginal hysterectomy in 14 patients with symptomatic uterine enlargement. Result: Operating time ranged from 49–170 min (mean 92 min). Estimated blood loss ranged from 150 to 480 ml (mean 225 ml). Uterine size ranged from 360–710 g (mean 455 g). No procedure required conversion to laparotomy. Primary indications for preliminary laparoscopy were confirmed in nine of 10 cases. No vaginal hysterectomy required subsequent laparoscopy. No patient required blood transfusion. No intra‐ or post‐operative complications were noted. All patients were discharged home within 48 h post‐surgery. Conclusion: Pryor's technique of wedge morcellation appears to be a safe and efficient method for the reduction of uterine size transvaginally.
The strategic model for the PMM Network
Authors: Maine D 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe projects of the PMM Network are based on a strategic model that focuses sharply on the interval between the obvious onset of a serious obstetric complication and the provision of emergency obstetric care (EmOC). The reason for this is that most of these complications cannot be predicted or prevented, but they can be successfully treated. The implications of this model for program design are profound. The emphasis is on improving the accessibility, quality and utilization of EmOC for women who develop such complications, rather than on having contact with all pregnant women. © 1997 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics