bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of narrowband terahertz radiation via phonon mode enhanced nonlinearities in a BaGa4Se7 crystal
Authors: Carnio B. N. , Zawilski K. T. , Schunemann P. G. , Elezzabi A. Y. 
Published: July 2020

We report on narrowband terahertz (THz) radiation generation via optical rectification from a

B
a
G
a

4

S
e

7

crystal. The dense phonon mode distribution of the

B
a
G
a

4

S
e

7

crystal causes narrow transmission bands in the THz frequency range with enhanced nonlinear susceptibility magnitudes, thus permitting strong narrowband THz radiation generation at the frequencies of 1.97 and 2.34 THz. In comparison to THz radiation generated from a ZnTe crystal, the narrowband THz radiation produced by the

B
a
G
a

4

S
e

7

crystal is 4.5 times higher at 1.97 THz and 63% higher at 2.34 THz, thus making

B
a
G
a

4

S
e

7

a viable crystal for use in such areas as security and medicine.
Study on the simultaneous distributed measurement of temperature and strain based on Brillouin scattering in dispersion-shifted fiber
Authors: Sheng Liwen , Li Ligong , Liu Lei , Hu Leijun , Yuan Ming , Yan Jisong 
Published: July 2020

Utilizing the large effective area non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber (LEAF), a multi-parameter optical-fiber sensor has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated for distributed simultaneous temperature and strain measurement, which is based on multiple acoustic modes in spontaneous Brillouin scattering (SpBS) effect. Proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate 3 m spatial resolution over 2.5 km sensing LEAF with 2°C temperature accuracy and 60µɛ strain accuracy. The proposed distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensor allows simultaneously temperature and strain measurement, thus opening a door for practical application such as superconducting cable.
Power Posing Übungen in pferdegestützten Coachings
Authors: Schütz Kathrin , Brämig Sophia 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende experimentelle Studie untersucht, wie sich die eigene Körperhaltung und innere Bilder im Sinne der Imagination im pferdegestützten Coaching auf die Interaktion mit dem Pferd und die eigene Einschätzung auswirken. Dabei gehörten die Versuchspersonen (N = 91), die zwischen 17 und 62 Jahre alt waren (M = 36,33, SD = 13,25; 75 % weiblich), entweder der Experimentalgruppe (EG) an und erhielten ein pferdegestütztes Coaching mit drei Power Posing Übungen mit einem Pferd (neutrale, negative und positive Posen) oder der Kontrollgruppe (KG) mit nur einer Übung (neutrale Pose). Die Probanden durchliefen mit dem Pferd einen in allen Bedingungen identisch aufgebauten Slalom-Parcours, wobei die Zeit gemessen wurde. Zudem wurde qualitativ erhoben, wie die Personen die Übung(en) mit dem Pferd wahrnahmen und inwiefern Unterschiede (nur in der EG) zwischen den drei Runden festgestellt wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Power Posing Runden der Probanden der EG in den einzelnen Runden signifikant voneinander unterschieden und das Pferd je nach Pose unterschiedlich auf die Personen reagierte. Die Runde in der positiven Haltung wurde signifikant schneller durchlaufen als die negative und die neutrale Runde. In der negativen Haltung benötigten die Personen am längsten und signifikant länger als in der neutralen und positiven Runde. Die Pferdeerfahrung der Teilnehmenden hatte dabei keinen Einfluss auf die Ergebnisse. Das Pferd reagierte unterschiedlich auf die menschlichen Interaktionspartner und die Runden wurden von den Teilnehmenden unterschiedlich wahrgenommen sowie auf den Alltag transferiert. Weitere Geschlechterunterschiede und die zugrundeliegenden Wirkfaktoren gilt es bei dem nach wie vor kaum erforschten Bereich des pferdegestützten Coachings in Folgestudien zu untersuchen.
The revenge of audio
Authors: Paiva Ana Sofia , Morais Ricardo 
Published: July 2020

Resumo
O som tridimensional, nomeadamente o som binaural, não é uma tecnologia recente. Desde os finais do século XVIII que as primeiras experiências deram aso às contínuas tentativas para percecionar o som tal como o ser humano o escuta. As mais recentes inovações, nomeadamente no século XX, permitiram a melhoria deste tipo de tecnologia e a possibilidade de a aplicar às mais diversas indústrias, como o cinema ou os videojogos. A rádio não escapou a esta tendência e o som binaural é utilizado tanto no entretenimento como no jornalismo. Neste artigo, pretendemos destacar o papel do áudio e contrariar a premissa de que o “vídeo matou a estrela da rádio”. Começamos assim por abordar o conceito de som binaural para depois nos concentrarmos na análise das utilizações que têm sido feitas desta tecnologia no campo do jornalismo e do entretenimento radiofónico, sublinhando a forma como assistimos à revitalização da importância do áudio.
Internet como herramienta al servicio del autoritarismo
Authors: Sáez Poveda Miguel 
Published: July 2020

La expansión de Internet ha permitido la creación de espacios de libertad de expresión y asociación, incrementando el acceso a la información por parte de los ciudadanos. Su difusión ha alcanzado tal magnitud que a menudo se afirma la existencia de una relación causal entre su aparición y el empoderamiento de la sociedad civil y la llegada de la democracia.
Sin embargo, esta ciberutopía es a menudo confrontada por diversos Estados. Ante el dilema del conservador, acuñado por George Schultz, estos Gobiernos han optado por servirse del mundo digital como un medio propagandístico y de control, en vez de impedir el acceso a este.
En este contexto, el objeto principal de este trabajo ha consistido en analizar cómo el Gobierno de Venezuela está empleando Internet para controlar los movimientos disidentes dentro de sus fronteras. Mediante una minuciosa investigación con un especial énfasis en la red social Twitter, se ha podido comprobar cómo el chavismo ha hecho uso de Internet para extender su dominio en la red.
Modelling effects of consciousness disorders in brainstem computational model – Preliminary findings
Authors: Duch Włodzisław , Mikołajewski Dariusz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Disorders of consciousness are very big medical and social problem. Their variability, problems in precise definition and proper diagnosis make difficult assessing their causes and effectiveness of the therapy. In the paper we present our point of view to a problem of consciousness and its most common disorders.

Methods
For this moment scientists do not know exactly, if these disorders can be a result of simple but general mechanism, or a complex set of mechanisms, both on neural, molecular or system level. Presented in the paper simulations using neural network models, including biologically relevant consciousness’ modelling, help assess influence of specified causes.

Results
Nonmotoric brain activity can play important role within diagnostic process as a supplementary method for motor capabilities. Simple brain sensory (e.g. visual) processing of both healthy subject and people with consciousness disorders help checking hypotheses in the area of consciousness’ disorders’ mechanisms, including associations between consciousness and its neural correlates.

Conclusions
The results are promising. Project announced herein will be developed and its next result will be presented in subsequent articles.
Operations that preserve integrability, and truncated Riesz spaces
Authors: Abbadini Marco 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
For any real number

p
∈

[
1
,

+
∞

)

{p\in[1,+\infty)}

, we characterise the operations

ℝ
I

→
ℝ

{\mathbb{R}^{I}\to\mathbb{R}}

that preserve p-integrability, i.e., the operations under which, for every measure μ, the set

ℒ
p

⁢

(
μ
)

{\mathcal{L}^{p}(\mu)}

is closed.
We investigate the infinitary variety of algebras whose operations are exactly such functions.
It turns out that this variety coincides with the category of Dedekind σ-complete truncated Riesz spaces, where truncation is meant in the sense of R. N. Ball.
We also prove that

ℝ

{\mathbb{R}}

generates this variety.
From this, we exhibit a concrete model of the free Dedekind σ-complete truncated Riesz spaces.
Analogous results are obtained for operations that preserve p-integrability over finite measure spaces: the corresponding variety is shown to coincide with the much studied category of Dedekind σ-complete Riesz spaces with weak unit,

ℝ

{\mathbb{R}}

is proved to generate this variety, and a concrete model of the free Dedekind σ-complete Riesz spaces with weak unit is exhibited.
Conjugacy classes and automorphisms of twin groups
Authors: Naik Tushar Kanta , Nanda Neha , Singh Mahender 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The twin group

T
n

{T_{n}}

is a right-angled Coxeter group generated by

n
-
1

{n-1}

involutions, and the pure twin group

PT
n

{\mathrm{PT}_{n}}

is the kernel of the natural surjection from

T
n

{T_{n}}

onto the symmetric group on n symbols.
In this paper, we investigate some structural aspects of these groups.
We derive a formula for the number of conjugacy classes of involutions in

T
n

{T_{n}}

, which, quite interestingly, is related to the well-known Fibonacci sequence.
We also derive a recursive formula for the number of z-classes of involutions in

T
n

{T_{n}}

.
We give a new proof of the structure of

Aut
⁡

(

T
n

)

{\operatorname{Aut}(T_{n})}

for

n
≥
3

{n\geq 3}

, and show that

T
n

{T_{n}}

is isomorphic to a subgroup of

Aut
⁡

(

PT
n

)

{\operatorname{Aut}(\mathrm{PT}_{n})}

for

n
≥
4

{n\geq 4}

.
Finally, we construct a representation of

T
n

{T_{n}}

to

Aut
⁡

(

F
n

)

{\operatorname{Aut}(F_{n})}

for

n
≥
2

{n\geq 2}

.
Influence of electrode tip diameter on metallurgical and mechanical aspects of spot welded duplex stainless steel
Authors: Kalyankar Vivek D. , Chudasama Gautam P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this article, the influence of electrode tip diameter is investigated for spot welded duplex stainless steel (DSS). Electrode tip diameter and welding current are considered as the major influencing parameters and their values are varied within the feasible range, suitable for 0.8 mm thick sheet, whereas other important parameters such as welding time and electrode force are kept constant. DSS with the chosen thickness range is now becoming a useful material in automotive body-in-white applications and in future it will become one of the key materials replacing the existing materials and hence research outcome of the present work may be beneficial from application view point. In this work, the spot welding quality is inspected through metallurgical aspects (microstructure and microhardness), physical aspects (nugget diameter and electrode indentation), mechanical performance (tensile shear strength [TSS]) and failure mode. The obtained result shows that smaller electrode tip diameter limits nugget diameter due to expulsion phenomena and increases electrode indentation due to higher current intensity. TSS decreases with increase in electrode tip diameter for the same welding current but maximum TSS obtained for particular electrode tip diameter increases with increase in electrode tip diameter up to a specific limit and then it remains constant.
Utility and duration of leuprolide stimulation testing in children
Authors: Nijjar Jasreena K. , Weiss Julian J. , Misra Madhusmita , Stanley Takara L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Basal (unstimulated) LH levels and leuprolide stimulation tests are used to define pubertal status of children presenting with signs of early puberty. The primary aims of this study were to (i) confirm utility of detectable basal LH levels in precluding the need for leuprolide stimulation testing, and, (ii) determine whether duration of testing could be abbreviated from usual 3 h test without compromising sensitivity.

Methods
We reviewed morning basal and leuprolide-stimulated LH levels in 105 children, aged 1–9 years (mean 6.9 years, SD 1.8) who were seen for concerns of precocious puberty and received a leuprolide stimulation test between June 2006 and March 2017.

Results
A pubertal basal LH level had high specificity and poor sensitivity for the following outcome measures: (1) peak stimulated LH≥5 mIU/mL (2) treatment with GnRHa; and (3) a composite outcome of (1) and/or (2). Following leuprolide stimulation, LH response was highest at 180 min in most children (n=78, 74.3%). Using a single cutoff of LH≥5 mIU/mL at any timepoint, 25% of children would have been misdiagnosed with an abbreviated 60 min test. A single sample at 180 min would have correctly identified 97% of patients.

Conclusions
A pubertal basal LH level is sufficient to distinguish children with precocious puberty without stimulation testing. However, prepubertal basal LH had relatively poor negative predictive value to refute CPP, necessitating clinical follow-up and/or a leuprolide stimulation test. For a cutoff of LH≥5 mIU/mL at any timepoint, test duration of 180 min maximizes sensitivity.
Changes of serum neopterin and its significance as biomarker in prediction the prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Zhang Lefeng , Wang Xuefeng , Ji Xiaozhen , Zou Suhua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the dynamic changes of serum neopterin and its significance as biomarker in prediction the prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis.

Methods
54 cases with confirmed diagnosis of acute pancreatitis were included in the present work. Of the included 54 cases, 21 were mild acute pancreatitis and other 33 were server diseases. For the 33 severe cases, nine were finally dead and 24 were survived. The serological neopterin level of the 54 acute pancreatitis was continuously examined at the time point of days 0 (diagnosis), 1 (24 h after diagnosis), 2, 4, 8 and 14 by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The severity or death risk of the acute pancreatitis patients was predicted by the serological neopterin.

Results
The serological neopterin was gradually increasing from days 0 to 8, but descending at day 14 in mild and survival groups. For days 8 and 14, the serological levels of neopterin in severe group were higher than those of mild group with statistical difference (p<0.05). The serum neopterin was statistical different in the time point of day 8 and day 14 between death and survival groups (p<0.05). For day 8, the serological neopterin as biomarker for death prediction sensitivity and specificity were 88.89% (95% CI: 51.75–99.72%) and 83.33% (95% CI: 62.62–95.26%) respectively with the AUC of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.88–1.00). For day 14, the death prediction sensitivity and specificity were 77.78% (33.99–97.19%) and 95.83% (78.88–99.89%) respectively with the AUC of 0.94 (95%CI:0.87–1.00).

Conclusions
Serological neopterin level was elevated with the development of the pancreatitis. Continuously monitoring the serum neopterin may helpful for prediction death risk of acute pancreatitis. In the later phase of disease beginning on day 8, neopterin levels may be used for risk assessment and possibly change of therapy regiment.
Controllability of fractional stochastic evolution equations with nonlocal conditions and noncompact semigroups
Authors: Ding Yonghong , Li Yongxiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article deals with the exact controllability for a class of fractional stochastic evolution equations with nonlocal initial conditions in a Hilbert space under the assumption that the semigroup generated by the linear part is noncompact. Our main results are obtained by utilizing stochastic analysis technique, measure of noncompactness and the Mönch fixed point theorem. In the end, an example is presented to illustrate that our theorems guarantee the effectiveness of controllability results in the infinite dimensional spaces.
The core inverse and constrained matrix approximation problem
Authors: Wang Hongxing , Zhang Xiaoyan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this article, we study the constrained matrix approximation problem in the Frobenius norm by using the core inverse:

|
|
M
x
−
b
|

|

F

=

min

subject

to

x
∈
ℛ
(
M
)
,

||Mx-b|{|}_{F}=\hspace{.25em}\min \hspace{1em}\text{subject}\hspace{.25em}\text{to}\hspace{1em}x\in {\mathcal R} (M),

where

M
∈

ℂ

n

CM

M\in {{\mathbb{C}}}_{n}^{\text{CM}}

. We get the unique solution to the problem, provide two Cramer’s rules for the unique solution and establish two new expressions for the core inverse.
Development, spread and persistence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the soil microbiomes through co-selection
Authors: Maurya Anand Prakash , Rajkumari Jina , Bhattacharjee Amitabha , Pandey Piyush 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bacterial pathogens resistant to multiple antibiotics are emergent threat to the public health which may evolve in the environment due to the co-selection of antibiotic resistance, driven by poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and/or heavy metal contaminations. The co-selection of antibiotic resistance (AMR) evolves through the co-resistance or cross-resistance, or co-regulatory mechanisms, present in bacteria. The persistent toxic contaminants impose widespread pressure in both clinical and environmental setting, and may potentially cause the maintenance and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In the past few years, due to exponential increase of AMR, numerous drugs are now no longer effective to treat infectious diseases, especially in cases of bacterial infections. In this mini-review, we have described the role of co-resistance and cross-resistance as main sources for co-selection of ARGs; while other co-regulatory mechanisms are also involved with cross-resistance that regulates multiple ARGs. However, co-factors also support selections, which results in development and evolution of ARGs in absence of antibiotic pressure. Efflux pumps present on the same mobile genetic elements, possibly due to the function of Class 1 integrons (Int1), may increase the presence of ARGs into the environment, which further is promptly changed as per environmental conditions. This review also signifies that mutation plays important role in the expansion of ARGs due to presence of diverse types of anthropogenic pollutants, which results in overexpression of efflux pump with higher bacterial fitness cost; and these situations result in acquisition of resistant genes. The future aspects of co-selection with involvement of systems biology, synthetic biology and gene network approaches have also been discussed.
FEM based 3D modelling of partial discharge detection and localization in an oil-filled power transformer using piezoelectric acoustic sensor
Authors: Meitei Sorokhaibam Nilakanta , Borah Kunal , Chatterjee Saibal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The main cause of insulation degradation is due to partial discharges (PDs) occurring inside the transformer, and its detection and localization are the most effective, non-destructive methods to assess the insulation condition of the transformer. Among the PD detection methods, the acoustic PD detection technique is popular because of its various advantages. The acoustic PD detection method for accurate PD source localization becomes quite challenging when PD occurs inside the transformer core and windings. As the acoustic sound wave can be distorted and vibration with its distribution, so the type of PD sensors with their setting in the transformer should be thoroughly investigated and chosen. In this work, via simulation, the acoustic sound distribution inside the power transformer due to PD occurs is studied. Based on the knowledge of acoustic pressure wave distribution, a Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT-5H) sensor is designed using Finite element method based COMSOL Multiphysics software and placed it on the outer walls of the transformer for PD detection and localization. The PD induction position has been recognized from the sensor signal using an artificial neural network. The results of PD detection and localization by the proposed piezoelectric sensor and COMSOL probe point are in good agreement.
Comparison of test results obtained from lithium heparin gel tubes and serum gel tubes
Authors: Ercan Şerif 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
There is currently trend that plasma might be alternative to serum due to some of its advantages. This study aimed to compare test results from heparinized plasma and serum.

Methods
Blood samples from total of 40 participants (20 healthy, 20 hemodialysis patients) were drawn into serum gel tubes with clot activator and lithium heparin gel tubes. Twenty-eight clinical chemistry analytes were measured in serum and plasma samples. To determine whether difference between test results is clinically significant, total error (TE) was calculated and compared total allowable error (TEa) limits.

Results
TE of below 5% was calculated for amylase, AST, calcium, total cholesterol, chloride, CK, glucose, HDL-cholesterol, iron, LDH, LDL-cholesterol, magnesium, sodium, total bilirubin, uric acid and urea. Albumin, ALT, creatinine, CRP, lipase, phosphorus, potassium, total protein, and triglyceride had TE of 5–7%. TE of 7–10% were determined for ALP, direct bilirubin, and GGT. TE values were within TEa limits for all analytes.

Conclusions
It was concluded that results of 28 analytes measured in lithium heparin gel tubes are comparable to those of serum gel tubes. It is thought that several advantages including reduced turnaround time might be provided by using plasma instead of serum for these tests.
The association of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A1298C gene polymorphism, homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the north of Iran
Authors: Amani Saeideh , Mirzajani Ebrahim , Kassaee Seyed Mehrdad , Mahmoudi Minoo , Mirbolouk Fardin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
We pursued to find out the possible association of Methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A1298C gene polymorphism, blood homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate with Coronary artery disease (CAD) in the study population in Guilan, north of Iran.

Material and Methods
Ninety patients with CAD and 76 healthy controls were evaluated. MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and its genotype frequency, the plasma level of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate were evaluated by using ARMS-PCR, ELISA, and Chemiluminescence methods, respectively.

Results
The frequency of genotypes, A, AC and CC in CAD were 40, 35.6, 24.4%, respectively which was significantly different (p=0.016) from the control group that were 26.3, 57.9 and 15.8%, respectively. The serum level of vitamin B12 and folate in genotype A1298C were not statistically significant between two groups (p>0.05), however, the plasma homocysteine in patients with CAD was remarkably higher than the control group (p<0.001). Additionally, in CAD patients the plasma level of homocysteine in the AC genotype was significantly higher than the control subjects (p=0.005).

Conclusion
It is thus concluded that MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism is associated with CAD. It seems that the AC genotype of MTHFR A1298C polymorphism might have a protective effect on CAD.
Remote magnetically controlled drug release from electrospun composite nanofibers: design of a smart platform for therapy of psoriasis
Authors: Babincová Natália , Jirsák Oldřich , Babincová Melánia , Babinec Peter , Šimaljaková Mária 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
An efficient method for the large-scale fabrication of composite polyvinyl alcohol polymer nano fibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles and methotrexate is reported in this study. We have demonstrated that nonwoven textile formed by needleless electro spinning is effective in immobilization and triggered the release of drugs, which is achieved by an alternating magnetic field induced heating of magnetic nanoparticles. This smart stimuli-responsive release ability, biocompatibility, and ultra-lightweight property render enormous potential for this electrospun nano fiber mat to be used as an anti-psoriatic drugs release platform, which may have far-reaching applications in dermatology.