bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-21-3p modulates FGF2 to facilitate influenza A virus H5N1 replication by refraining type I interferon response
Authors: Shi Jianli , Feng Ping , Gu Tingting 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Influenza A virus (IAV) has greatly affected public health in recent decades. Accumulating data indicated that host microRNAs (miRNAs) were related to IAV replication. The present study mainly focused on the effects of microRNA-21-3p (miR-21-3p) on H5N1 replication.
Methods: The levels of miR-21-3p, virus structural factors (matrix 1 (M1), nucleoprotein (NP)), type I interferon (IFN) response markers (IFN-β, IFN-α), IFN-stimulated genes (protein kinase R (PKR), myxovirus resistance A (MxA), 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS)), and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of M1, NP, and FGF2 were tested by Western blot assay. The virus titer was assessed by tissue culture infective dose 50% (TCID50) assay. The dual-luciferase reporter assay and ribonucleic acid (RNA) immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were used to verify the interaction between miR-21-3p and FGF2.
Results: MiR-21-3p was reduced in H5N1-infected patients and A549 cells. MiR-21-3p overexpression facilitated the levels of M1, NP, TCID50 value, and reduced the levels of IFN-β, IFN-α, PKR, MxA, and OAS in H5N1-infected A549 cells. FGF2 was verified as a direct target of miR-21-3p. The introduction of FGF2 counteracted miR-21-3p-mediated decrease in the levels of M1, NP, and TCID50 value, as well as reduction in the levels of IFN-β, IFN-α, PKR, MxA, and OAS in H5N1-infected A549 cells.
Conclusion: MiR-21-3p down-regulated FGF2 expression to accelerate H5N1 replication and confine IFN response.
Complement receptor 1 genetic polymorphism contributes to sporadic Alzheimer’s disease susceptibility in Caucasians: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Hai , Du Lingling , Ge Pingping 
Published: May 2020

AbstractComplement receptor 1 (CR1) plays an important role in the development of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (SAD) in Caucasians. However, the influence of CR1 (rs6656401A/G and rs3818361T/C) genetic polymorphisms on the risk of SAD remains controversial. A meta-analysis of 18 case–control studies was performed to derive a more precise association of CR1 (rs6656401A/G or rs3818361T/C) genetic polymorphism with the risk of SAD in Caucasians. A statistical difference was found in the dominant model (odds ratio (OR): 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–1.30, P=0.00), recessive model (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.05–1.56, P=0.02), homozygote comparison (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.12–1.66, P=0.002) or heterozygote comparison (AG versus GG) (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.15–1.29, P=0.00) of CR1 rs6656401A/G. For CR1 rs3818361T/C, a statistical difference was observed in the dominant model (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.13–1.31, P=0.00), recessive model (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07–1.53, P=0.006), homozygote comparison (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13–1.62, P=0.001) or heterozygote comparison (TC versus CC) (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.11–1.29, P=0.00). In summary, despite some limitations, the present meta-analysis indicated that rs6656401A/G or rs3818361T/C polymorphism was related to SAD risk. Moreover, a carrier of rs6656401A/G or T carrier of rs3818361T/C in CR1 genetic polymorphism might be an increased factor for SAD in Caucasians.
Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in camel meat
Authors: Yehia Hany M. , Elkhadragy Manal F. , Aljahani Amani H. , Alarjani Khaloud M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the present study, a total of 50 raw camel meat samples were analyzed for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes. The isolates were characterized via morphological and culture analyses; identification of isolates was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the listeriolysin O gene. The API Listeria system was used for further chemical identification and verification of the strains. L. monocytogenes was identified in eight raw camel meat samples, which was the highest incidence (16%) of contamination, followed by L. seeligeri 3(6%), L. innocua and L. welshimeri 2 (2% each), and L. grayi 1 (1%). According to Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis, isolated strains that were positive for the listeriolysin O gene were &gt;99% similar to the published database sequences for L. monocytogenes strain LM850658 (sequence ID: CP009242.1). We studied the antibiotic resistance profile of the L. monocytogenes strains with common antibiotics used to treat human listeriosis and demonstrated that almost all strains tested were susceptible to the antibiotics.
Adherence to Dysphagia Treatment Recommendations: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Krekeler Brittany N. , Vitale Kailey , Yee Joanne , Powell Ryan , Rogus-Pulia Nicole 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
Conceptual models of complex health problems are useful when designing targeted clinical interventions and focused research studies. Understanding and studying patient adherence often involves interplay among many factors that influence whether a patient successfully follows recommendations or completes a therapy program. Functional frameworks serve to arrange these factors visually, increasing interpretability and allowing for empirical testing of relationships among concepts. The purpose of this article is to integrate relevant factors from the literature into a comprehensive framework that describes adherence to dysphagia treatment.

Method
Using peer-reviewed, published guidelines regarding conceptual model construction, the authors created a list of potential factors that influence patient adherence to dysphagia-related treatment recommendations. During model construction, following extensive review of the literature and existing theories that have been applied in other areas of health care, factors were identified and grouped into conceptually similar domains (clusters). Clusters were arranged into larger categories that emerged during model optimization. Ultimately, two models were created: one that illustrates the interrelated factors of patient adherence and another that illustrates a subset of modifiable risk factors that a clinical speech-language pathologist may influence when developing a dysphagia treatment plan.

Results
Three general categories from 14 factors emerged based on relationships between factors and aspects of patient care: health factors, individual patient factors, and contextual factors. A second model consisting of modifiable risk factors included access, treatment type, patient perceptions, self-efficacy, health literacy, support factors, and provider bias.

Conclusions
This conceptual model allows clinicians and researchers to identify and explore the mechanisms driving adherence. Continual refinements of this model should be made as future studies uncover how the interconnectedness of factors affects adherence in dysphagia management. The models we have presented here are ready for clinical application and should also serve researchers as they generate hypotheses and design targeted research questions.
Kollateralvenen als Punktionssegment
Authors: Krönung Gerhard 
Published: May 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGAutologe Punktionssegmente benötigen eine Zunahme des Durchmessers und der Wandstärke, wie sie die oberflächlichen/vorverlagerten Extremitätenleitvenen bei der Maturation regelmäßig entwickeln. Bei den übrigen Extremitätenvenen (Seitenast- bzw. Netzvenen) sind nur die Handrückenvenen gelegentlich und andere Seitenastvenen (z. B. Raszettavenen) selten nach der Maturation als Punktionssegment geeignet.
Wenn Tränenersatzmittel nicht mehr ausreichen: die Bedeutung von Entzündungsprozessen beim Trockenen Auge. Praktische Aspekte einer antientzündlichen Therapie des Trockenen Auges
Authors: Pleyer Uwe , Geerling Gerd , Schrader Stefan , Jacobi Christina , Kimmich Friedemann , Messmer Elisabeth 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Trockene Auge stellt eine heterogene Erkrankung der Augenoberfläche dar. Das Krankheitsbild hat multifaktorielle Ursachen und geht normalerweise mit einer Erhöhung der Osmolarität des Tränenfilms und mit Entzündungsprozessen der Gewebe der Augenoberfläche einher. Die Bedeutung der Entzündung beim Trockenen Auge geht nicht zuletzt auch aus der aktuellen Definition des Dry Eye Workshops (DEWS) hervor. Das Verständnis der Pathomechanismen und therapeutischen Möglichkeiten für diese Entzündungsprozesse ist daher für das Management des Trockenen Auges von zentraler Bedeutung. Der Beitrag fasst den aktuellen Kenntnisstand zum Thema „Entzündung und Trockenes Auge“ zusammen und versucht, praktische Empfehlungen für die Diagnostik, Verlaufskontrolle und die Anwendung der aktuell verfügbaren Therapieoptionen für die dem Trockenen Auge zugrunde liegenden Entzündungsprozesse zu geben.
Onkologische Systemtherapie bei Palliativpatienten: Beendigung oder Fortführung?
Authors: Knorrenschild Jorge Riera 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungFortschritte in der onkologischen Therapie von nicht heilbaren Tumorpatienten machen die Einschätzung einer korrekten Prognose schwieriger. Mittels molekularer Marker unterteilen sich die diversen Tumorerkrankungen in immer kleinere Subgruppen mit unterschiedlichen Prognosen. Eine Vorstellung im interdisziplinären Tumorboard sollte Standard sein. Um übersteigerte und unrealistische Erwartungen am Lebensende zu minimieren, bedarf es optimaler Aufklärung und der Integration einer frühen palliativen Betreuung in den weiteren Behandlungsverlauf.
Augenbeteiligung bei venerischer Syphilis – Update
Authors: Rath Thomas , Scheel Martin , Kriegel Matthias , Heiligenhaus Arnd 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungSyphilis ist eine bakterielle Infektionskrankheit, die durch die Spirochäte Treponema pallidum übertragen wird. Die Zahl von Neuerkrankungen ist in den letzten Jahren kontinuierlich gestiegen. Die Augenbeteiligung ist eine wohl unterschätzte Manifestation der Syphilis, die gehäuft bei HIV-positiven Patienten auftritt. Obschon praktisch jeder Teil der Augen im Rahmen einer Syphilis betroffen sein kann, tritt sie häufig mit einer posterioren oder Panuveitis auf. Eine besonders typische Verlaufsform ist die akute syphilitische plakoide Chorioretinitis, mit typischen Charakteristika in der multimodalen Bildgebung. Bei dem Verdacht auf eine Syphilis sind treponemenspezifische und nicht treponemenspezifische serologische diagnostische Tests angezeigt. Bei frühzeitigem Einsatz einer antibiotischen Therapie (primär mit Penicillin) werden oft gute Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Morphologie und Visus erzielt. Additive Kortikosteroide sollten verlaufsorientiert und erst nach dem Beginn der Antibiotikatherapie verwendet werden.
Entzündung beim Trockenen Auge – Informationen zu Diagnostik und Therapie durch Nutzung der wissenschaftlichen Online-Informationsplattform OSCB-Berlin.org
Authors: Knop Erich , Knop Nadja 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Trockene Auge gilt als häufigste Erkrankung in der Augenheilkunde. Sein pathophysiologisches Verständnis wurde in den letzten Jahrzehnten durch intensive Forschung wissenschaftlich klinisch und experimentell grundlegend erweitert. Das Spektrum der Erkrankung reicht von einer einfachen bis zu einer schwerwiegenden und komplexen Störung der funktionellen Anatomie der Augenoberfläche mit typischer Disparität zwischen den klinischen Befunden und der Symptomatik des Patienten. Die chronische Verletzung des Gewebes treibt verschiedene selbstverstärkende Regelkreise (vicious circles) an, die insgesamt zur progressiven Verschlimmerung des Krankheitsbildes führen. Dies kann Entzündungsvorgänge auslösen, die zur Entstehung einer immunmodulierten Entzündung und eines chronischen Schmerzsyndroms führen können. Beides ist relativ therapieresistent in der üblichen klinischen Praxis. Ein besserer Einblick in die pathophysiologischen Grundlagen hat viele Ansätze für Neuerungen in Diagnostik und Therapie des Trockenen Auges ermöglicht. Dennoch erfordert die Sicca-Praxis typischerweise hohen Zeitaufwand, bietet im Alltag meist nur symptomatische Therapie und ist oft unbefriedigend für den Patienten und auch für seinen Arzt. Daher erscheint das Trockene Auge nicht selten als ein eher schwer überschaubares und schwieriges Krankheitsbild. Die wissenschaftliche Informationsplattform des Berliner Forschungszentrums für die Augenoberfläche (Ocular Surface Center Berlin, OSCB-Berlin.org) hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, das Verständnis der funktionellen Interaktionen an der Augenoberfläche zu verbessern und damit auch der Mechanismen bei der komplexen Pathophysiologie des Trockenen Auges und der chronischen Entzündung. Dies ist die Basis für einen aktuellen Überblick über Diagnostik und Therapie des Trockenen Auges auf verschiedenen Ebenen, die ein Verständnis für Kliniker und auch für Patienten erlauben.
Reduktion des Serum-Phosphat-Wertes bei Hämodialysepatienten
Authors: Janda Esfir 
Published: May 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGVermutliche Gründe für erhöhte Serum-Phosphat-Werte von HD-Patienten (HD: Hämodialyse) sind mangelnde Kenntnisse über den Phosphat-Gehalt der Lebensmittel und über die Phosphat-Binder-Therapie. In Anbetracht dieser beiden Aspekte ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung, herauszufinden, ob erhöhte Phosphat-Werte sich durch regelmäßige Schulungen zum Thema „phosphatarme Ernährung“ und „korrekte Phosphat-Binder-Einnahme“ senken lassen. Um die Forschungsfrage adäquat zu beantworten, wurden im Dialysezentrum Serum-Phosphat-Werte der ambulanten HD-Patienten ausgewertet. Um die Aussagekraft der Untersuchung zu steigern, wurden alle Patienten mit Serum-Phosphat-Werten von über 4,7 mg/dl in Betracht gezogen. Somit wurden 10 Patienten mit ausreichenden kognitiven und sprachlichen Fähigkeiten selektiert. Nach Absprache mit der ärztlichen und pflegerischen Zentrumsleitung wurde den Patienten die Teilnahmen an den Schulungen zum Thema Phosphat angeboten. In dem Zeitraum des Projektes von 6 Monaten fanden 2 Beratungstermine statt. Weitere regelmäßige Schulungen wurden vorgesehen. Serum-Phosphat-Werte wurden monatlich kontrolliert. Das Schulungsmaterial wurde auf Sachinformationen, gehirngerechtes Lernen, Verständlichkeit und individuelle Zielsetzung abgestimmt. Vor der letzten Blutkontrolle wurden Fragebögen ausgehändigt, sodass die Teilnehmer ihre Fortschritte und das Empfinden des Projekts beurteilen konnten. Es zeigte sich, dass die Schulungen den HD-Patienten wahrscheinlich dabei halfen, niedrigere Serum-Phosphat-Werte zu erreichen. 54 % haben eine Verbesserung erreicht. Auch die Adhärenz bei der Phosphat-Binder-Therapie konnte durch Aufklärung positiv beeinflusst werden. 54 % der Teilnehmer gaben an, nun gewissenhafter und verantwortungsvoller die Empfehlungen zu befolgen. Die Auswertung der Befragung ergab, dass der Grund hierfür wohl ein gesteigertes Wissen in der Thematik war.
Characterization of Maca (Lepidium meyenii/Lepidium peruvianum) Using a Mass Spectral Fingerprinting, Metabolomic Analysis, and Genetic Sequencing Approach
Authors: Geng Ping , Sun Jianghao , Chen Pei , Brand Eric , Frame James , Meissner Henry , Stewart Jeremy , Gafner Stefan , Clark Stephanie , Miller Jesse , Harnly James 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMaca (Lepidium meyenii, synonym L. peruvianum) was analyzed using a systematic approach employing principal component analysis of flow injection mass spectrometry fingerprints (no chromatographic separation) to guide the selection of samples for metabolite profiling and DNA next generation sequencing. Samples consisted of 39 commercial maca supplements from 11 manufacturers, 31 unprocessed maca tubers grown in Peru and China, and a historic non-tuber maca sample from Peru. Principal component analysis of flow injection mass spectrometry fingerprints initially placed all the maca samples in three classes with similar chemical composition: commercial maca samples, tubers grown in Peru, and tubers grown in China. Metabolite profiling identified 67 compounds in the negative mode and 51 compounds in the positive mode. Compounds identified by metabolite profiling (macamides, glucosinolates, amino acids, fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, saccharides, imidazoles) were then used to identify ions in the flow injection mass spectrometry fingerprints. The tuber fingerprints were analyzed by factorial multivariate analysis of variance revealing that black, red, and yellow maca from Peru and black and yellow maca from China were compositionally different with respect to color and country. Critical ions were identified that allowed for the differentiation of maca between colors from the same country or between two countries with the same color. Genetically, all samples were confirmed to be L. meyenii based on next generation sequencing at three gene regions (ITS2, psbA, and trnL) and comparison to recorded sequences of vouchered standards.
The Value of Video Rasterstereography in the Detection of Alterations in Posture as a Marker of Pain Relief after Targeted Infiltrations of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Scheidt Sebastian , Winnewisser Julia , Leichtle Carmen , Gesicki Marco , Hofmann Ulf Krister 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Targeted infiltrations to the lumbar spine are used to identify the correct scope for surgery in patients with chronic lumbar back pain (CLBP) and multi-segmental pathologies, where radiologic imaging and clinical presentation do not match. Conclusions from that method have so far been based on individual statements of pain relief. The main principle for the infiltrations is the assumption that by locally administering an analgesic agent to possible surgical target areas, the effect of surgery can be temporarily simulated. The aim was to investigate the use of rasterstereographic posture measurements to substantiate reported pain reduction after infiltrations.
Methods In this case-control study (Level II), rasterstereography was performed on 57 patients and 28 reference subjects to evaluate changes in posture during 1 week of injections under fluoroscopic guidance and correlated with changes in the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS (α = .05, two-sided) and presented in the form of box, scatter, and Bland-Altman plots.
Results and Conclusion The CLBP patientsʼ trunk inclination (median 6°) and absolute lateral tilt were significantly increased (p < .01 each) compared to the reference group. No significant difference was observed for trunk length, kyphotic/lordotic angle, or lateral deviation. During infiltration, no significant difference in posture could be observed. A subgroup analysis of patients reporting the highest pain improvement indicated no significant difference. No correlation was observed with pain improvement reported by the patients during injections. Subsequent rasterstereography does not seem to be able to verify results of injections in the diagnostics of lumbar spine pathologies, as patientsʼ reported pain relief does not correlate with a relevant alteration in posture. The short-term effect of the targeted infiltrations may not suffice to change false posture being developed over years.
Application of Supersonic Shear Imaging to the Baveno VI Criteria and a Combination Model with Spleen Stiffness Measurement to Rule Out High-Risk Varices in Compensated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Cho Young Seo , Kim Yongsoo , Sohn Joo Hyun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose Recently, Colecchia et al. reported that by adding a spleen stiffness (SS) criterion sequentially to the Baveno VI criteria, screening endoscopy could be safely avoided. We aimed to compare the Baveno VI criteria, SS values and a sequential combination of the Baveno VI and SS values, measured by supersonic shear imaging (SSI), as approaches for safely avoiding screening endoscopy for high-risk varices (HRV).
Materials and Methods Between April 2017 and July 2018, we enrolled 274 compensated advanced chronic liver disease patients who had successfully undergone liver stiffness (LS) and SS measurements with SSI and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). 52 HRV patients were included, and we analyzed risk factors for HRV and compared proportions of patients who were spared EGD when Baveno VI criteria, SS cut-off and the combination of the two approaches were used.
Results The AUROC values for estimating HRV by platelet count, LS and SS were 0.701, 0.757 and 0.844, respectively, and all three measures were found to be independent predictors of HRV. The SS cut-off value for excluding HRV was ≤ 27.3 kPa. The percentages of patients spared EGD were 18.6 % for Baveno VI, 28.8 % for SS cut-off and 36.1 % for the sequential combination of Baveno VI and SS cut-off. Less than 2 % of HRV patients were missed when using all of the criteria.
Conclusion The Baveno VI criteria can be applied to LS measurement by SSI. SS measurement by SSI is an excellent predictor of HRV. Screening endoscopy can be safely avoided when Baveno VI criteria and SS cut-off are applied together.
How Variable Is the Volar Subcutaneous Tissue of the Digits on B-Mode and Color Doppler Ultrasound in Non-Psoriatic Individuals and Could It Be Included in a Dactylitis Score?
Authors: Rebollo-Giménez Ana , Martínez-Estupiñán Lina , Olivas-Vergara Otto , Fuensalida-Novo Gema , Garrido Jesús , Mejía Andrés , Herrero-Beaumont Gabriel , Naredo Esperanza 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Digital subcutaneous tissue (SCT) changes are involved in dactylitis, a hallmark feature of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). There are no studies on the ultrasound (US) characteristics of the digital SCT in the general population.
Objectives To investigate the variability in US-measured thickness (TH) and color Doppler (CD)-detected blood flow of the SCT of the volar aspects of the fingers in a non-psoriatic population and to investigate the impact of the scanning method and demographics and clinical features on these measurements.
Methods SCT TH and semiquantitative (SQD) and quantitative (QD) Doppler signals were measured in the bilateral second finger at the proximal and middle phalanges in 81 non-psoriatic volunteers [49 female, 32 men; 18–78 years]. Two scanning methods with and without (thick gel layer interposition) probe-skin contact were used. Demographics and clinical features were collected.
Results There was high variability of SCT TH and Doppler measurements between individuals. All US measurements obtained without probe-skin contact were significantly greater than their corresponding measurements obtained with the probe contacting the skin (p < 0.001). SCT TH was positively related to dominant hand, age, masculine gender, weight, height, body mass index, and alcohol consumption while Doppler measurements were positively related to age and non-dominant hand.
Conclusions US-measured SCT thickness and Doppler-detected SCT blood flow of the volar aspect of the fingers seem to be highly variable in the non-psoriatic population as well as highly dependent on the US scanning method. This variability is of utmost importance for assessing dactylitis in PsA.