DYNAMICS OF THE CONTENT OF HEMOGLOBIN, ERYTHROCYTES AND RED BLOOD INDICES IN THE PREGNANCY PERIOD AND THEIR DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE IN PROGNOSTICATION OF SUB-INVOLUTION OF THE UTERUS
Authors: Stravsky Jа. S. , Panych O. P. , Сhaikovskа O. I. , Sachuk R. M. , Katzaraba O. A. 
Published: August 2020

The structure of the diet in the experimental farm corresponded to the silo type, as evidenced by the ratio of forage: hay legumes and cereals - 20.0 %, cereal straw - 16.0 %, silo grass - 36.0 %, fodder beets - 20.0 %, compound feed - 8.0 %. This structure of the adopted diets provided the cows: dry matter by 89.8 %, feed units - 85.1 %, metabolism - 91.9 %, digestible protein - 76.5 %, carotene - 72.7 %, crude fat - 95, 2 %, crude fiber - by 96,8 %. With regard to minerals, diets were supplied with Calcium by 99.0 %, Phosphorus - 68.1 %, Iron - 94.5 %, Cobalt - 65.5 %, Manganese - 87.2 %, Copper - 53.6 %, Zinc - 78.1 %, Iodine - 30.0 %.
The fluctuations in hemoglobin content in the blood of clinically healthy cows during calving did not go beyond 3–9 %. It was relatively higher in the first trimester (107.10 ± 2.90 - 103.40 ± 2.60 g ∕ l), decreased in the second trimester (to 98.20 ± 1.80 - 98.71 ± 1.13 g ∕ l), slightly increased at the 7th month (102.40 ± 3.60 g ∕ l), then decreased again (to 98.41 ± 1.14 - 97.61 ± 1.91 g ∕ l).
In the blood of cows with sub-involution of the uterus, the hemoglobin content was 10.1% lower in the first and second months of pregnancy (p≤0.01). Throughout the body, the hemoglobin content fluctuated, but without any regularity, and was unreliable until the seventh month, staying lower this month by 8.1 % (p≤0.05) and by eighth month by 8.8 % (p≤0.05) control.
The number of red blood cells in the blood of clinically healthy cows was highest at the 5th to 8th month (5.74 ± 0.18 - 5.71 ± 0.06 t ∕ l), after which it decreased sharply to 5.46 ± 0.06 t ∕ l . In the blood of cows susceptible to sub-involution of the uterus, the number of erythrocytes at the first, second, seventh and eighth places of body fat was lower, respectively, by 10.0 %, 7.5 %, 7.5 %, 6.0 % (p≤0, 05) against control.
The highest saturation of erythrocytes with hemoglobin in cows with physiological overweight, childbirth and postpartum period was 1.04, in the fifth - 0.98 and in the ninth - 1.02 months of pregnancy, and the lowest in the fourth month - 0.90 and in cows prone to uterine sub-evolution - in the first (0.89) and ninth months of pregnancy (0.99), remaining all months of pregnancy low from 0.86 to 0.99.
In clinically healthy cows, the average hemoglobin content in one erythrocyte ranged from 1.03 to 1.14 (fmol), which corresponds to the norm (norm-chromium) in all months of calving. In cows susceptible to sub-involution of the uterus, the average hemoglobin content in one erythrocyte ranged from 1.03 to 1.09 (fmol), indicating that it decreased (hypo-chromium) compared to clinically healthy cows.
Reduction of hemoglobin content, erythrocyte count, color index and average hemoglobin content in one erythrocyte in cows prone to sub-involvement of the uterus against clinically healthy in the period of calf, indicates alimentary deficiency anemia, which is a consequence of established non-chronic, Zinc, protein and carotene.