bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Pathways Associated with Egg Production in Nandan-Yao Domestic Chicken
Authors: Sun Tiantian , Xiao Cong , Deng Jixian , Yang Zhuliang , Xu Wenwen , Zou Leqin , Du Wenya , Li Shuxia , Huo Xianqiang , Zeng Linghu , Wang Juan , Yang Xiurong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Egg production is a very important economic trait in chicken breeding, but its molecular mechanism is unclear until now. Nandan-Yao chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a native breed in Guangxi province, China, which is famous for good meet quality, but low egg production. To explore the molecular regulation related egg production, high egg production (HEP) and low egg production (LEP) were divided according to the total egg number at 50 weeks, and the concentration of serum sex hormones was tested to evaluate the physiological function of ovary and uterus. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to explore the transcriptome from the ovary and uterus of Nandan-Yao chicken.
Results

The levels of serum sex hormone were showed that concentrations of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteotropic hormone (LH) were very significantly higher in HEP compared with LEP respectively (P < 0.01), and concentrations of testosterone (T) were very significantly lower in HEP compared with LEP (P < 0.01), which indicated there were better physiological function in HEP compared with LEP. Analysis results of RNA-Seq showed that 901 and 2763 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ovary and uterus between HEP and LEP chicken, respectively. Enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that DEGs were involved significantly in the regulation of tight junction in the ovary (P < 0.05), while in uterus DEGs were mainly enriched significantly in the phagosome, ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), focal adhesion, cardiac muscle contraction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and the regulation of MAPK signaling pathway (P < 0.05). Protein network interaction and function analyses revealed FN1, FGF7, SOX2,ALDOB, HSPA2 in the ovary, and UQCRH, COX5A, FN1, TGFB, ACTN1 in the uterus were key candidate genes for egg production in Nandan-Yao chicken.
Conclusions

The current study identified key genes and pathway contribute to improving our understanding of reproductive biology of chicken and isolating effective molecular markers that can be used for genetic selection in Nandan-Yao chicken.
Cloning and Expression Analysis of GATA1 gene in Carassius auratus red var.
Authors: Tian Yusu , Sun Yuandong , Ou Mi , Cui Xiaojuan , Zhou Dingguang , Che Wen’an 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
GATA1 is a key transcription factor in the GATA family, and promotes the differentiation and maturation of red blood cell, which is essential for normal hematopoiesis.
Results
Our results showed that the cDNA sequence of GATA1 was 2730 bp long encoding 443 amino acids. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that GATA1 had the highest expression in testis(T), followed by pituitary(P) and spleen(S). The expression of GATA1 gene in C auratus red var. embryo from the neuroblast stage (N) to the embryo hatching(H); and the gene expression levels of NP-treated and control embryos were significantly different. Methylation results in NP-treated and control embryos indicated that NP affected the methylation level of GATA1. NP increases the methylation level of GATA1 gene in embryos.
Conclusions
Our study provides important information for further studying the function of GATA1 gene in fish development and the molecular mechanism of NP leading to abnormal development of fish embryos.
Family Achievements in the Battle with Schizophrenia: :Life Experiences in a Qualitative Content Analysis Study in IRAN
Authors: darban fatemeh , Mehdipour_Rabori Roghayeh , Farokhzadian Jamileh , Nouhi Esmat , Sabzevari Sakineh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The challenges of living with and taking care of a patient with schizophrenia can lead to positive changes depending on the experiences and reactions of the families. Such changes may directly affect the family performance and the patient's recovery stage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explain the positive experiences reported by families of patients with schizophrenia.Materials and methods: In this qualitative study of content analysis, data were collected using semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 15 family members of patients with schizophrenia who referred to one of the psychiatric hospitals in Zahedan City, Iran. Targeted sampling method was applied and data analysis was conducted using contractual content analysis proposed by Graneheim and Lundman.Results: Data analysis resulted in a theme entitled 'family achievements in the battle with schizophrenia'. This theme included four main categories of: Developing positive personality traits in family members, Strengthening family ties, Developing insight into life, and Social mobility.Conclusion: The findings provided evidences that the experience of taking care of patients with schizophrenia led to positive consequences for the families.Highlights- Caring for a patient with schizophrenia promotes personality traits in caregivers- Participating in patient care strengthens family ties- Living with schizophrenia patients developed their insight into life.- Family members of a schizophrenic patient try to reach their previous social status
The impact of new electronic communication mode in treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Fang Zhaoxiong , Gu Zhiqiang , Zhang Tian , Lei Junjie , Lin Lu , Yan Zhixiang , Liu Zhigang , Feng Keke , Xie Mengsha , Guo Shuanshuan , Hong Zhongsi , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: More than 230,000 cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been reported worldwide. We sought to discuss the impact of new electronic communication tools with patients in diagnosis and treatment of these cases.Methods: We recruited adult patients from Jan 20 to Feb 26, 2020, with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, in Zhuhai, China. 47 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly classified into either a test or control group. All of them were treated with standard therapeutic regimen and routine ward-round. The test group was subdivided into three subgroups. The first subgroup was arranged an extra 5min on-line ward-round by WeChat voice call once daily for basic disease communication. The second subgroup was given an extra 10min voice call once daily for further detail, similarly, the third subgroup was given an extra 10min than the second group every three days. The main end point was the duration of positive-to-negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.Results: 47 patients were included in the final analysis. The median time from disease diagnosed to the endpoint of test group was 7.0 days (interquartile range, 3.8 to 10.8), whereas the control group was 10.0 days (interquartile range, 6.5 to 14.5). It showed significant reduced the duration time of virus from positive to negative by the NAT (nucleic acid testing) (P=0.032), especially compared the 10 minutes group (3.0 days, interquartile range, 3.0 to 7.5) to control group (P=0.0065).Conclusions: The patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection might benefit from the use of the new electronic communication mode. It’s very valuable to reduce the shortage of medical protection resources and the risk of occupation.
Transmission Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Among Close Contacts- Results of Case- Contact Tracing
Authors: Jia Haimei , CHen Minhong , Wang Hanwei , Guan Chenping , Chen Yangwei , Wang Jiangquan , Zhang Xiaoyang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The ongoing outbreak of corona virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is rapid escalation and global spread.The epidemiological characteristics and particularly its ability to spread in the human population of COVID-19 were uncertainty. We analyzed infection of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and close contacts in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, and to understand the risk of infection and morbidity in different exposure mode. Methods: We investigated cases and their close contacts by face-to –face or telephone interview and conducted laboratory test on nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabs or anal swab for evidence of COVID-19 infection. Information on cases including the epidemiology, expose and laboratory were collected. Results: There were 72 patients of COVID-19 and 1 asymptomatic case were confirmed in Fuzhou. A total of 1159 close contacts were traced, the secondary infection rate (SIR) was 2.07% (24/1159), the median of interval was 12 days (rang 2-21 days). In the relationship between close contact and cases, the SIR of old people under care were the highest (28.57% ) than family members (5.52%), medical staff (3.23%), relatives (2.41%) and colleagues / classmates (1.67%), respectively( 2＝534.38， P＜0.00 ). Among the contact ways, the SIR of Nursing (nursing home) were the highest (28.57% ) than medical care (3.23%), family gathering (2.82%), same building (1.77%) and short talk or handle affairs (1.55%),respectively. The median of incubation period was 5days (rang1-12days). Conclusions: The COVID-19 has highly contagious. Timely and strict quarantine should be conducted for close contacts to reduce the possibility of community communication.
Characteristics of Endoscopic and Pathological Findings of Amebic Colitis
Authors: Yue Bing , meng ying , zhou hua yan , zhao ying hai , wu dong yong , Zong Ye 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Backgroud The clinical features of amoebic colitis resemble those of inflammatory bowel Disease(IBD), and therefore the risk of misdiagnosis is very high.Objective The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of the endoscopic and pathological findings of amebic colitis and the lessons from our patients, which were useful for diagnosing the amebic colitis timely and avoiding the serious complications.Methods We retrospectively reviewed data of all amebic colitis admitted to Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2015 to January 2020. Cases were diagnosed by clinical presentation, laboratory examinations, and colonoscopy with biopsy and histological examination. Results 16 patients were diagnosed with amebic colitis by the colonscopy accompanied by biopsy and microscopic examination. At first time, 12 (75%) patients were misdiagnosed as IBD. Cecum was the most common site of amebic colitis(100%), and the caecum and rectum were also involved in many lesions(68.75%). Multiple lesions of erosion and/or ulcer were recognized in all patients(100%).The features of endoscopic findings included multiple irregular shaped ulcers and erosions with surrouding erythema, and the ulcers and erosions were covered by the white or yellow exudates. The intervening mucosae between the ulcers or erosions were normal. The features of rectums can be divided to 2 types: in 6 patients(54.5%), the irregular ulcer or erosions covered with white or yellow exudates were observed in rectum and cecum, and the bloody exudates in rectum were more severe than those in cecum; in other 5 patients(45.5%), rectal lesions were much less severe than those in cecum, the small superficial erosion or reddened mucosa were observed in the rectal ampulla. All patients were diagnosed as detection of amebic trophozoites from HE-stained biopsy specimens. The number of trophozoites ranged from 1 /HPF to ＞50/HPF. Among 16 cases, mild architectural alteration of colon crypt were observed in 10 cases(62.5%), and serious architectural alteration of colon crypt was found which had crypt branch in 1 case(16.7%). Cryptitis was observed in 12 cases(75%) and its severity was mild or moderate. No crypts abscess was observed in all cases. Conclusions The colonoscopy with histological examination are very important to diagnose the amebic colitis. Detect the amoebic trophozoites in the esudates by histological examination is the vital. Sometimes a negative biopsy does not rule out amebiasis, repeated biopsies may be needed to make the diagnosis.
Determinants of Preterm Birth among Newborns Delivered in Bahir Dar City Public Hospitals, North West Ethiopia
Authors: Wassie Mengistu , Manaye Yibekal , Abeje Gedefaw , Tifrie Mulat , Worku Gizachew 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Globally about 15 million newborns are born preterm every year. Over one million of them die due to complications related to prematurity. Preterm birth was a leading cause of neonatal death in Ethiopia. One in four of neonatal deaths in Ethiopia were due to prematurity related complications. But studies to identify determinants of preterm birth in the study area are limited. Objective: To identify determinants of preterm birth among newborns delivered in Bahir Dar city public hospitals, North West Ethiopia in 2019. Method: An institutional based unmatched case control study was conducted in 314 samples with 105 cases and 209 controls among newborns delivered in Bahir Dar city public hospitals. The sample size was calculated by Epinfo version7. All individual cases were selected consecutively. For each cases two controls were selected by using systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected using interviewer administrated structured questioners. The collected data was entered into Epinfo version 7 and then exported to SPSS version 20. Independent variables with p-value less than 0.2 in the bi-variable analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression model. Statistical significance level was declared at p-value less than 0.05. Model assumption were checked by Hosmer-lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. Result: The study identified; low birth interval AOR = 2.28 (95 % CI= 1.18- 4.42), lower number of ANC visit AOR = 3.89 (95 % CI =2.17- 6.97), previous history of preterm birth AOR = 5.69 (95 % CI =1.93- 16.66), premature rapture of membrane AOR = 3.58 (95 % CI =1.11-11.54), preeclampsia/eclampsia AOR = 2.86 (95 % CI =1.01- 8.08), lower level hemoglobin level AOR = 3.89 (95 % CI =2.01- 7.51) were positively associated with preterm birth. Conclusion: Previous history of preterm births, preeclampsia and premature rapture of membrane, fewer number of antenatal care visit, lower birth interval, and lower hemoglobin level were found determinants of preterm birth. Therefore encouraging women to attend four or more antenatal care visits, health education on the importance of birth spacing and anemia prevention and treatment may help to prevent preterm birth.
Care deficiencies and super-organization of American nursing homes in hospital referral region: an ecological cohort study
Authors: Pittman Tyler 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Super-organization has been associated with worse care quality in nursing homes. Previous research on the chain ownership of American nursing homes excluded government facilities in public-private partnerships, and focused on corporate entities. This longitudinal study proposes a novel method of demarcating the latent ownership networks of for-profit, government and non-profit nursing homes in hospital referral region.
Methods

Facility characteristics and care quality measures were analyzed from an ecological cohort of 9,001 American nursing homes that had a registered organization for owner and were reimbursed through Medicare and Medicaid. Information was obtained from the Nursing Home Compare open datasets at five semi-annual processing dates from March 2016 to March 2018. Ownership networks of American nursing homes were constructed through application of social network analysis, using the exact legal name of registered organizations. As hospital discharge is a routine admission source of nursing home residents, hospital referral region was actualized to demarcate focal area. Utilizing Bayesian hierarchical models, the association between nursing home super-organization in hospital referral region (inferred by degree-based centrality and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index) to scope of cited care deficiencies (denoted by Total Weighted Health Survey Score) was explored.
Results

The percentage of nursing homes having super-organization increased from 56.8–56.9% over the two-year period. During this interval, the mean size of nursing home ownership group in hospital referral region increased from 3.11 to 3.23 facilities.
Conclusions

Overall, super-organization in hospital referral region was not associated with care deficiencies in American nursing homes. However, among nursing home with super-organization, being part of an ownership group with more facilities was beneficial for care quality. Evidence suggests that super-organization is detrimental for government nursing homes.
Transcatheter arterial embolization for massive hemobilia with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) Glubran 2
Authors: Shi Yadong , Chen Liang , Zhao Boxiang , Gu Jianping , Huang Hao , Lu Zhaoxuan , Su Haobo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Massive hemobilia is a life-threatening scenario and therapeutic challenge. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) using N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) Glubran 2 for massive hemobilia with arterial injuries.
Methods
From January 2014 to February 2019, 12 patients (mean age, 63.2 ± 12 years) with massive hemobilia were retrospectively evaluated for TAE using NBCA Glubran 2. Patient baseline characteristics, severities of hemobilia, and imaging findings were collected. Emergent TAE was performed using 1:2 − 1:4 mixtures of NBCA and ethiodized oil. Technical success, clinical success, procedure-related complications, and follow-up outcomes were assessed.
Results
Pre-procedure arteriography demonstrated injuries of the right hepatic artery (n = 10), and cystic artery (n = 2). Initial coil embolization distal to the lesions was required in 4 (33.3%) patients to control the high blood flow and prevent end-organ damage. After a mean treatment time of 10.1 ± 5.5 min, technical success was achieved in 100% of the patients without non-target embolization and catheter adhesion. Clinical success was achieved in 11 (91.7%) patients. Major complication was noted in 1 (8.3%) patient with gallbladder necrosis owing to embolization of the cystic artery. During a median follow-up time of 16 months (range, 6–36 months), one patient died owing to carcinoma, whereas no patient encountered recurrent hemobilia, embolic material migration or post-embolization complications.
Conclusions
TAE using NBCA Glubran 2 is a rapid, effective, and safe treatment modality for massive hemobilia. This treatment modality may be reserved as a promising alternative option to coil embolization.
Influence of Slaughter Methods That Are Indigenous to Nguni People on Meat Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Goat Meat
Authors: Mdlet Zwelethu Mfanafuthi , Chimonyo Michael , Mapiye Cletos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:Resource-limited households in smallholder farming systems slaughter goats use indigenous methods for performing traditional ceremonies and meat consumption. Although extensive research has been done to determine the effect of slaughter methods on meat physico-chemical characteristics, there is paucity of informationon methods which are indigenous to Nguni people. Therefore,the objective of the study was to determine meat quality of Nguni goats slaughtered using indigenous slaughter methods. Methods:Thirty 15-18-month old wetherswere randomly assigned to three slaughter methods; transverse neck incision (TNI), suprasternal notch piercing (SNP) and under shoulder blade chest floor point of elbow piercing (CFP) to the direction of the heart. Post-mortem, them. longissimus thoracis et lumborum(LTL) was sampled for meat quality measurements. Results:Wethersslaughtered using the SNP method had greaterultimate pH values when compared with TNI and CFP slaughter methods. Wethers slaughtered using SNP method had greater rate of pH decline when compared with TNI and CFP slaughter methods. Whethers slaughtered using the SNP method had lower meat redness (a*), yellowness (b*), and chroma (C*) values when compared with TNI and CFP slaughter methods.Slaughter method had no effect (P≥ 0.05)on drip loss, water holding capacity,cooking lossand shear force. Conclusions:Overall, Nguni wethersslaughtered using theTNI and CFP methods produced chevonwithfresh meatappearance.
Bovine adapted transmissible mink encephalopathy is similar to L-BSE after passage through sheep with the VRQ/VRQ genotype but not VRQ/ARQ
Authors: Cassmann E.D. , Moore S.J. , Kokemuller R.D. , Balkema-Buschmann A. , Groschup M. H. , Nicholson Eric M , Greenlee Justin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) is a fatal neurologic disease of farmed mink. Evidence indicates that TME and L-BSE are similar and may be linked in some outbreaks of TME. We previously transmitted bovine adapted TME (bTME) to sheep. The present study compared ovine passaged bTME (o-bTME) to C-BSE and L-BSE in transgenic mice expressing wild type bovine prion protein (TgBovXV). To directly compare the transmission efficiency of all prion strains in this study, we considered the attack rates and mean incubation periods. Additional methods for strain comparison were utilized including lesion profiles, fibril stability, and western blotting.
Results
Sheep donor genotype elicited variable disease phenotypes in bovinized mice. Inoculum derived from a sheep with the VRQ/VRQ genotype (o-bTMEVV) resulted in an attack rate, incubation period, western blot profile, and neuropathology most similar to bTME and L-BSE. Conversely, donor material from a sheep with the VRQ/ARQ genotype (o-bTMEAV) elicited a phenotype distinct from o-bTMEVV, bTME and L-BSE. The TSE with the highest transmission efficiency in bovinized mice was L-BSE. The tendency to efficiently transmit to TgBovXV mice decreased in the order bTME, C-BSE, o-bTMEVV, and o-bTMEAV. The transmission efficiency of L-BSE was approximately 1.3 times higher than o-bTMEVV and 3.2 times higher than o-bTMEAV.
Conclusions
Our findings provide insight on how sheep host genotype modulates strain genesis and influences interspecies transmission characteristics. Given that the transmission efficiencies of L-BSE and bTME are higher than C-BSE, coupled with previous reports of L-BSE transmission to mice expressing the human prion protein, continued monitoring for atypical BSE is advisable in order to prevent occurrences of interspecies transmission that may affect humans or other species.
Complicated COVID-19 in pregnancy: a case report with severe liver and coagulation dysfunction promptly improved by delivery
Authors: Ronnje Louise , Länsberg John-Kalle , Vikhareva Olga , Hansson Stefan , Herbst Andreas , Zaigham Mehreen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIt has been proposed that pregnant women and their fetuses may be particularly at risk for poor outcomes due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. From the few case series that are available in the literature, women with high risk pregnancies have been associated with higher morbidity. It has been suggested that pregnancy induced immune responses and cardio-vascular changes can exaggerate the course of the COVID-19 infectionCase presentationA 26-year old Somalian woman (G2P1) presented with a nine-day history of shortness of breath, dry cough, myalgia, nausea, abdominal pain and fever. A nasopharyngeal swab returned positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Her condition rapidly worsened leading to severe liver and coagulation impairment. An emergency Caesarean section was performed at gestational week 32+6 after which the patient made a rapid recovery. Severe COVID-19 promptly improved by the termination of the pregnancy or atypical HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes and Low Platelet Count) exacerbated by concomitant COVID-19 infection could not be ruled out. There was no evidence of vertical transmission. ConclusionThis case adds to the growing body of evidence which raises concerns about the possible negative maternal outcomes of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy and advocates for pregnant women to be recognized as a vulnerable group during the current pandemic.