bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Problem of Ballast Water in Montenegro Ports and Possibility of its Treatment
Authors: Ćipranić Ivana , Jevric Marija , Sekulic Goran , Tomovic Sreten 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The problem of ballast water has been present in the world for the last hundred years, but it has grown and become more complex with the increasing intensity of overseas traffic. Introduction of various species from different parts of the world threatens flora and fauna, especially regarding small and closed seas, such as the Adriatic Sea. New species cause an interruption of the existing food chain which keeps the natural balance and purity of the sea. Many domicile organisms in the sea have been disappearing due to changes in environmental conditions, which significantly impairs the sea-water quality. This paper deals with different possible ways of sea and port protection from ballast water, starting with administrative measures, up to proposals of technologies by which those waters could be treated. The problem of ballast water is of particular concern in the Montenegrin part of the Adriatic Sea, and the protection proposal is given.
EVALD – a Pioneer Application for Automated Essay Scoring in Czech
Authors: Rysová Kateřina , Rysová Magdaléna , Novák Michal , Mírovský Jiří , Hajičová Eva 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the paper, we present EVALD applications (Evaluator of Discourse) for automated essay scoring. EVALD is the first tool of this type for Czech. It evaluates texts written by both native and non-native speakers of Czech. We describe first the history and the present in the automatic essay scoring, which is illustrated by examples of systems for other languages, mainly for English. Then we focus on the methodology of creating the EVALD applications and describe datasets used for testing as well as supervised training that EVALD builds on. Furthermore, we analyze in detail a sample of newly acquired language data – texts written by non-native speakers reaching the threshold level of the Czech language acquisition required e.g. for the permanent residence in the Czech Republic – and we focus on linguistic differences between the available text levels. We present the feature set used by EVALD and – based on the analysis – we extend it with new spelling features. Finally, we evaluate the overall performance of various variants of EVALD and provide the analysis of collected results.
Replacing Linguists with Dummies: A Serious Need for Trivial Baselines in Multi-Task Neural Machine Translation
Authors: Kondratyuk Daniel , Cardenas Ronald , Bojar Ondřej 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRecent developments in machine translation experiment with the idea that a model can improve the translation quality by performing multiple tasks, e.g., translating from source to target and also labeling each source word with syntactic information. The intuition is that the network would generalize knowledge over the multiple tasks, improving the translation performance, especially in low resource conditions. We devised an experiment that casts doubt on this intuition. We perform similar experiments in both multi-decoder and interleaving setups that label each target word either with a syntactic tag or a completely random tag. Surprisingly, we show that the model performs nearly as well on uncorrelated random tags as on true syntactic tags. We hint some possible explanations of this behavior.The main message from our article is that experimental results with deep neural networks should always be complemented with trivial baselines to document that the observed gain is not due to some unrelated properties of the system or training effects. True confidence in where the gains come from will probably remain problematic anyway.
AKTUALISASI INDONESIA DALAM G20: PELUANG ATAU TREN?
Authors: Sushanti Sukma 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAK
Bermula dari sebuah pemikiran untuk menyelesaikan krisis keuangan global, dan diperlukannya sebuah penguatan internasional yang berasal dari komitmen negara-negara yang mempunyai skala ekonomi terbesar, eksistensi G20 menjadi sebuah harapan baru bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi dunia. Klub ekonomi eksklusif ini hadir untuk memberikan sebuah kerangka global, yang kemudian diinfiltrasikan ke berbagai institusi internasional ataupun mekanisme kerjasama ekonomi. Banyak negara yang memberikan pengharapan pada komunitas ekonomi eksklusif ini melalui keterwakilan anggota aktif dalam kelompok ini. Tidak terlepas pula mandate yang melekat pada Indonesia sejak ditetapkannya sebagai anggota tetap G20. Indonesia menjadi vital point bagi negara-negara berkembang untuk menyuarakan kepentingan mereka, terutama terkait dengan perimbangan kekuasaan pada konteks perdagangan internasional. Jika Indonesia dapat memainkan perannya secara baik dalam G20, maka capaian kepentingan nasional negara dapat terakses dengan baik tanpa mengesampingkan tuntutan moral secara regional ataupun global. Kritik muncul ketika peran Indonesia dinilai hanya sebagai bandwagoning terhadap negara-negara besar, tanpa mempertimbangkan sebuah kalkulasi rasional yang mumpuni bagi kepentingan nasionalnya.
Kata kunci: skala ekonomi terbesar, perimbangan kekuasaan, kepentingan nasional. bandwagoning, kalkulasi rasional

ABSTRACT
Starting with the idea to build mechanism in resolving global financial crisis, in which need international commitment from the countries with the largest economy scale to strengthening the international governance, the existence of G20 lead to the new hope for the future of the world economy. This exclusive economy club emerge to create global framework then infiltrating vary recommendations into various international economy institution, also cooperation mechanism, both in regional and international scale. The states rely their hope on this club through the active member states representative in G20. Thus, Indonesia has a mandate to voice the interest of developing countries since inaugurated as the permanent member of G20. Indonesia become a vital point of the interest from the developing countries, in the context to balance the power in international trade system. If Indonesia able to play as the important actor in G20, then its national interest will achieve smoothly, without neglecting the moral demand in regional or global scale. The critics arise when people start to see the role of Indonesia is only as bandwagon state of the developed countries rather than being rational to calculate the achievement of the national interest in G20.
Keywords: global financial crisis, largest economy scale, developing countries, national interest, bandwagon state
INTERNALISASI ETIKA BIROKRASI DAN PENGUATAN SISTEM PENGENDALIAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DALAM RANGKA MENCEGAH KORUPSI
Authors: Wijaya Komang Adi Sastra , Noak Piers Andreas 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAK
Korupsi di Indonesia bukan hanya persoalan hukum atau sebuah penyimpangan perilaku. Lebih daripada itu, korupsi merupakan persoalan etika politik. Segala bentuk gratifikasi demi kepentingan pribadi merupakan sebuah bentuk korupsi. Dari sudut pandang etika birokrasi, korupsi berkembang karena kelemahan sistem penegakan hukum atauu kurangnya orientasi kepentingan publik baik dalam praktik maupun dalam kebijakan politik. Oleh karena itu, menguatkan internalisasi etika birokrasi menjadi cara yang paling efektif untuk mengatasi korupsi sampai ke akarnya. Etika politik yang dimaksud tidak dapat berjalan sendiri dan hanya mengedepankan kebebasan politik yang seringkali melindungi hak dan kepentingan pribadi, melainkan harus dibangun dan dikembangkan sejalan dengan demokratisasi. Lebih dari itu, korupsi harus diberantas dengan memperkuat etika politik kewarganegaraan, tanggung jawab kehidupan bernegara, semangat berkorban untuk negara, keadilan dan representasi sumber daya manusia dan pembentukan kepentingan publik serta penegakkannya dalam praktek politik dan determinasi kebijakan sebagai upaya dominan untuk mencegah korupsi.
Kata kunci: Etika Birokrasi, Sumber Daya Manusia, Pencegahan Korupsi

ABSTRACT

Corruption in Indonesia is not only a matter of law or deviant behavior. But, more than that, it is a problem of political ethics. Any public use for the gratification of self-interest is a form of corruption. From bureaucratic ethics standpoint, corruption develops because the weaknesses of system reinforcement or lack of public interests formation in practice and political policy. Therefore, strengthening bureaucratic ethics internalization is the most effective way to overcome corruption from its roots. Such political ethics must be established and developed together with the ongoing democratization, not just to let it alone and only emphasizing the political freedom that often protect the rights and private interests. But, more than that, it must be eroded by strengthening the political ethics of citizenship, responsibility of life as a state, a sense of sacrifice for the country, equality and representation of human resources and public interest formation and its enforcement in political practice and policy determination as dominant effort to prevent corruption.
Keyword: Bureaucratic Ethics, Human Resources, Corruption Prevention
A View on Bley-Vroman’s Fundamental Characters of Foreign Language Learning in Indonesian High Schools
Authors: Abidah Sa'wanatul 
Published: October 2019

English as a subject has been a part of curriculum in Indonesian schools from primary to university study for several decades now. The decision of education authorities to include it as a compulsory subject in high school is based on the fact that English has played an important role as academic language that is universally used, as well as the belief that having good English proficiency will enable Indonesian young people to face the fierce competition in global world. However, this policy does not run without challenge. Problems in mastering the language are encountered by both teachers and students, and results of the learning are not always as expected. This is a signature of foreign language learning as elaborated by Vroman in his book (The Logical Problem of Foreign Language Learning). This paper reviews on how the characters of language learning proposed by Vroman are seen in Indonesian classrooms at high school level where English is learned as a foreign language.Keywords: English, foreign language, Indonesian high schools.
Technique Used in Translating Balinese Tradition Terms into French
Authors: Weddha Savitri Putu 
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to analyses the technique used in translating Balinese Tradition terms into French found in the Tourism Promotion Book of Bali Government Tourism Department. This book was published every year as one of the important device to promote Bali abroad especially to the French tourist. This paper is also to figure out whether there is loss and gain of information or skewing in conveying the meaning of the terms. The technique of translating from Harvey (2003) was applied to analyze the Cultural-bounded Terms and also the Theory from Nida (1974) was used as supporting theory.The findings showed that all translation technique are used in translating Balinese tradition and society terms, those are functional equivalence, formal equivalence, transcription or borrowing, and descriptive translation. Borrowing was mostly used by the translator in order to avoid skewing and to retain the SL meaning in the TL. The analysis also found that in the process of translating cultural terms, loss and gain, and skewing of information occurred often and need more some revision to gain a better understanding about the terms.Keywords: Translation, equivalence, Balinese terms, French
Translating English-Indonesia Authentic Text Entitled OSAKA
Authors: Sanur Fransiskus 
Published: October 2019

This paper aims to identify and describe the procedures of translation of Osaka in Garuda Magazine, the translation strategies employed, and how to find out the form and the occurrence of seven procedures of translation which proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet in 1995. Seven types of translation procedures have been identified and can be further categorized into two methods of translation, namely direct or literal translation and oblique translation. The result of dataanalysis shows that some of the procedure proposed by Vinay and Darberlnet occurs. Most of the data are translated using translation procedures, which are borrowing, calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation.Keywords: direct or literal translation and oblique translation, Translation Procedures
The Procedure Applied in Translating Jargon in English Parliamentary Debating into Indonesian
Authors: Krisnawati Ni Luh Putu 
Published: October 2019

At present, competition regarding English debating is a common thing. All countries are competing in the World Debating Competition either for high school or university level. The spread of this “popular culture” has made other country to adopt the English debating system and translate that system into their native language. However it cannot be denied that there are also many jargons that need to be translated into the native language without changing the meaning. This research is focused on the jargons of the English parliamentary debating and its translation into Indonesia. The aims of this study are to identify the jargons in English parliamentary debating and its equivalence in Indonesia and also to know the procedures used in translating the jargons in English parliamentary debating into Indonesia. The theory used for this study is the theory proposed by Peter Newmark (1988) regarding the procedure of translation. The findings shows that they are five procedure of translation used in translating the jargons of English parliamentary debating into Indonesia namely literal translation, functional equivalent, couplets, transference, and naturalization.Keywords: translation, English parliamentary debating, translation procedure
Globalizing Higher Education in India: A step towards Multiculturalism - a Review
Authors: Sharma Sunita Ramesh 
Published: October 2019

Prime Minister Modi’s initiative “Educate in India” announced in May 2015, the objective is to attract international students and make India, a quality higher education hub in Asia. India aspires to transition from having the second highest student population leaving its shores to study abroad, to become a premier educational destination attracting more international students to its shores.

The paper reviews the growth of higher education system in India, draws inspirations from the experiences of other Asian countries and then reviews India’s piece of global cake. It also discusses the benefits of multiculturalism, which are going to flow in the Indian economy following Internationalization of higher education
Reforming the Students’ Writing Errors in Collocation by Applying Collocation Learning
Authors: Kholili Achmad 
Published: October 2019

As a language, English has now spread all over the world and has been known by quite a few people currently. English is known as crucial and salient to learn. The language quite reveals complexities that make some people sometimes give in to continue studying it. It has such as grammar, linguistic terms, and other rules that play a very significant role while applied to daily life. One of the rules that are quite hard to do is combining words within a sentence called as collocation. This paper aims at investigating whether the students at University of Islam Malang have known about collocation. In this study, the researcher conducted a quick survey. The data was collected with an open-questionnaire containing five different sentences in which the students should translate the Indonesian sentence into English correctly using a correct combination of words. The result of the study revealed that the students from University of Islam Malang still have been committing errors in combining words in a sentence; it is due to their little acquaintance with collocation even having no knowledge of it. Since it has happened to the students, by conducting this small research, the researcher expects that the students may learn much more about collocation either from this paper or other resources with regards to collocation learning in English.

Keywords: English, Collocation, Students of University of Islam Malang
The Capability of Pronouncing French Phonemes by Students of English Department, Udayana University
Authors: Indrawati Ni Luh Ketut Mas , Savitri Weddha , Aryani Agung Istri 
Published: October 2019

This study aims at investigating the ability of the pronunciation of French phonemes by students of English Department, Faculty of Culture, Udayana University. It also intends to analyse the way they articulated the phonemes and identified factors affecting their pronunctiation. This research is very interesting to do considering that the correct pronunciation of a phoneme or sound of a Foreign Language is one of the important points that must be mastered by the learners. The French sound system which is different from Indonesian and English certainly becomes one of the obstacles for students besides their lack of knowledge about the French phonemes. It is important to know which phonemes they have been able to pronounce and which are still difficult for them, so that inovations in teaching French can be made, especially in enhancing students' ability in pronouncing sounds which are considered difficult in French.
Forty students of English Department who chose French as their elective subject were taken as the population of this study. The data were taken by applying observation method using quesionares, recording, and note taking techniqes. The data were descriptive-qualitatively analysed by applying the theory of phonology.

Keywords : capability, pronunciation, phonemes, French.
Multimedia Learning: An Activity Based Computer to Develop Reading Comprehension
Authors: Sulistianingsih Endang , Prihatin Fajar , Mulyati Sri 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

The aimed of the study was to find out the effectively of multimedia learning as an activity based computer to develop reading comprehension. The students’ comprehension development is crucial to help students to be success in following development of science and technology, since most of the scientific works are released in English. This research used experimental design with pre-test and posttest one design. There were 47 students as a participants. The pre-test was done to test the sample similarity and the initial level of student’s reading comprehension. The movies given during the intervention session. Then the evaluation and post-test were done to find out the student’s reading comprehension development. Hypothesis was tested using t-test. The result indicated that multimedia learning as an activity based computer was effective to develop student’s reading comprehension.

Keywords: Multimedia, Computer, Reading Comprehension, CALL, EFL learner
CODE SWITCHING ANALYSIS IN THE NOTES MADE BY THE SALES ASSISSTANTS IN RIPCURL
Authors: Utami Ni Made Verayanti 
Published: October 2019

Language is very important means of communication. It is used to communicate and to give information to others. There are many languages in the world that people can choose their interaction. Choosing one proper language in communication is very important to avoid misunderstanding. People have to choose a particular language and or decide to switch from one to another. The switch from one language to the other one called as code switching. Code switching may occurred in many areas. One of them is tourism area. Thus, this research is design to identify the types of code switching, to analyze the function of the code switching and to find out the factors led the sales assistants code-switch. The data was taken from the log book of Ripcurl (surf shop) that is written by the sales assistants. The data was collected through observation method through note taking techniques. The log book was read and the expressions represent the use of code switching were noted. After the data collected, they were analyzed. Descriptive qualitative method was used to analyze the data. The analysis was conducted through several steps. First, the theory proposed by Poplack (1989) was used to classify the types of code switching produced by Nusa Dua Ripcurl log book. Furthermore, the theory of the function of code switching developed by Apple and Muysken (1987:118-120) was used to analyzed the function of code switching.
Keywords: code switching, log book note
THE IMPACT OF THE WORK OF NOVICE TRANSLATORS ON THE QUALITY OF THE TRANSLATION
Authors: Puspani Ida Ayu Made 
Published: October 2019

This article aims at finding out the impact of the translation product and its readability conducted by the fourth semester students of the English Department Faculty Arts Udayana University 2017. The study was conducted by investigating the students` work on English-Indonesian translation class. There were 40 students as the participants, and they were given task to translate text from English into Indonesian. The results show that there were many distorted meaning of the SL in the translation, this is due to the lack of the ability of the students in understanding the meanings, such as contextual meaning and connotative meaning though they were given basic theory of translation, and how the source language English is different from the target language in terms of linguistics as well as cultural background.
Keywords: novice .translator, impact, quality
Language Learning at Natural Disaster Area in Elementary Schools
Authors: Muzaki Ferril Irham 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
One of the challenges in designing language learning in elementary schools is the ability to predict the skills of learners. To meet this need the Ministry of Education and Culture in designing the national exam which is one of the standardized tests in Indonesia. The use of multiple choice in national exams has an efficient basis for the correction of results after the exam is over. You can imagine homework from ministry of Education and culture on the national curriculum. The complex case faced by Indonesia today is the location of Indonesia. Geographically, the Eurosasia and pacific plates are surrounded by active volcanoes. For this reason language learning is preferably related to the literature of children with the teaching method of copy by master creative writing.

Keywords: Elementary School, Natural Disaster, Copy By Master, 21st Century Challenge
NEEDS ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH LEARNING FOR STUDENTS OF ECONOMIC DAN BUSINESS UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Saientisna Made Detriasmita 
Published: October 2019

To face the Asian Economic Community, active mastery of English is very important so that people can compete with good workers from their own area or workers from other Asian countries. This study aims to find out (1) whether the problems faced by the students of the Faculty of Economics, Udayana University in learning English and (2) whether the English language needs needed by economic students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University to design the correct syllabus and effective in teaching English. Analysis of English language needs is done by giving questionnaires to students for their answers, those questions concerning the field of English what they are very proficient (speaking, listening, reading and writing) and which areas of English they find difficult to learn, and choose what lessons they think are necessary that have not been provided in the current syllabus. The answers from these students will be analyzed according to the need analysis by Hutchinson and Waters (1994) and Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998). From this research, it is expected that students can improve their English language skills in economics majors and also can design a new syllabus that is more effective in accordance with the needs of students at the Faculty of Economics, Udayana University.

Key words: Needs analysis, english language, english for economic, ESP.