bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
At the intersection of racism and nationalism: Theorising and contextualising the ‘anti‐immigration’ discourse in Poland
Authors: Polynczuk‐Alenius Kinga 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article contributes to a better understanding of the ‘anti‐immigration’ discourse that has prevailed in Poland following the electoral victory of the Law and Justice party in 2015 by theoretically engaging the category of ‘race’ in the examination of Polish nationalism. To do so, it employs the Foucauldian perspective on racism, understood as deployed in defence of one's own nation, which is imagined as "race". The article also contextualises this discourse by elaborating how three globally circulated racist themes (threat, unworthiness and otherness) are deployed to uphold three components of hegemonic Polish national self‐definition (vulnerability, deservingness and ‘Westernness’) against three aspects of the perceived liminality that destabilise this self‐definition (temporal, moral and spatial). The article concludes that in Poland, the ‘anti‐immigration’ discourse deploys racism as a device symbolically to ‘protect’ the imagined ethnically, religiously and culturally homogenous Polish nation from the belittlement and dilution of collective self‐definition under the conditions of globalisation.
Transcriptional regulatory network of the light signaling pathways
Authors: Jing Yanjun , Lin Rongcheng 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe developmental program by which plants respond is tightly controlled by a complex cascade in which photoreceptors perceive and transduce the light signals that drive signaling processes and direct the transcriptional reprogramming, yielding specific cellular responses. The molecular mechanisms involved in the transcriptional regulation include light‐regulated nuclear localization (the phytochromes and UVR8) and nuclear accumulation (the cryptochrome, cry2) of photoreceptors. This regulatory cascade also includes master regulatory transcription factors (TFs) that bridge photoreceptor activation with chromatin remodeling and regulate the expression of numerous light‐responsive genes. Light signaling‐related TFs often function as signal convergence points in concert with TFs in other signaling pathways to integrate complex endogenous and environmental cues that help the plant adapt to the surrounding environment. Increasing evidence suggests that chromatin modifications play a critical role in regulating light‐responsive gene expression and provide an additional layer of light signaling regulation. Here, we provide an overview of our current knowledge of the transcriptional regulatory network involved in the light response, particularly the roles of TFs and chromatin in regulating light‐responsive gene expression.
Understanding the role of self in auditory verbal hallucinations using a self‐discrepancy paradigm
Authors: Scott Monique , Rossell Susan L. , Toh Wei Lin , Thomas Neil 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveNegative auditory verbal hallucination (AVH) content is a major predictor of distress and typically occurs more frequently than positive or neutral content. Recent research has found that negative views of self are associated with the negative content of AVHs. However, research investigating the role of self in AVH content is in its infancy and warrants further study.DesignThe current study examined correspondence between negative voice content and internalized representations of self, using a self‐discrepancy paradigm incorporating multiple domains of self (ideal, ought, and feared). It also considered the impact of depression and anxiety.MethodAn adapted self‐discrepancy questionnaire was administered to a transdiagnostic clinical sample of 86 current voice‐hearers. Participants rated how similar they believed themselves to be (actual self), and how similar their voices would say they are (voice self), to their ideal, ought, and feared self‐concepts.ResultsVoice content was related to how the person viewed themselves in relation to their ideal, ought, and feared self‐concepts. Additionally, voices reflected negative feared self‐concepts, particularly in people with anxiety.ConclusionsThese findings provide further insight into the phenomenon of hearing voices and have the potential to change the way we approach formulation and treatment of AVHs. In particular, treatment approaches that reduce discrepancies between how one views themselves and their positive and negative self‐concepts, or alter the relationship one has with their self‐concepts and negative voices, have the potential to reduce the impact of distressing voices.Practitioner points

Voice experiences can be meaningfully related to how the person views themselves in relation to concepts of their ideal, ought, and feared selves

Negative voice content might be understood as reflecting discrepancies from these self‐representations, which may have a self‐regulatory function in relation to goal‐directed behaviour.

Identifying how voice content relates to self could be useful in not only challenging the extent of perceived self‐discrepancies, but also considering how to enact valued parts of self.
Enhanced grain yield in rice hybrids through complementation of fertility restoration by Rf3 and Rf4 genes as revealed by multilocation evaluation of tropical japonica derived rice (Oryza sativa) hybrids
Authors: Shidenur Shivakumar , Singh Vikram Jeet , Vinod Kunnummal Kurungara , Gopala Krishnan S , Ghritlahre Surendra Kumar , Bollinedi Haritha , Dixit Brijesh Kumar , Ellur Ranjith Kumar , Nagarajan Mariappan , Singh Ashok Kumar , Bhowmick Prolay Kumar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThirty‐one tropical japonica derived Rf gene carrying rice hybrids were classified into three classes as Rf3, Rf4 and Rf3 + Rf4 hybrids. These hybrids were tested under three different mega‐environments. Between Rf3 class and both the classes of hybrids possessing Rf4 genes, significant variation for spikelet and pollen fertility and grain yield was found. The pollen fertility was five times higher among Rf4 hybrids than that of hybrids carrying Rf3 alone. Likewise, spikelet fertility among Rf4 hybrids was two times higher than that of Rf3 hybrids. Parallel grain yield increase in Rf4 hybrids was 2.4 times than in Rf3 hybrids. However, Rf3 gene was found complementing Rf4 to truncate the range of pollen and spikelet fertility. Hybrids possessing Rf3 alone exhibited partial pollen and spikelet sterility, and significant negative standard heterosis for grain yield. The high yielding hybrid, “HYB36” carrying both the Rf genes was found to be widely adapted. The present study established that Rf4 gene is essential either alone or in combination with Rf3 for fertility restoration to achieve enhanced grain yield in WA‐CMS based hybrids.
Target Interactions and Target Aspiration Level Adaptation: How Do Government Leaders Tackle the “Environment‐Economy” Nexus?
Authors: Zhang Pan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHow do local governments set performance targets under multi‐task conditions? This article builds a theoretical linkage between environmental targets and gross domestic product (GDP) growth goals in China. Treating environmental protection and economic development as competitive tasks in China, the author argues that environmental targets constrain GDP growth goals and that this negative relationship is weakened by relative pollutant emission efficiency. The article empirically examines these theoretical hypotheses using a panel data set of sulfur dioxide emission reduction targets and GDP growth goals across Chinese provinces. The statistical findings support these arguments and help elucidate the “black box” of decision‐making in the public sector.Evidence for Practice

High pollutant emission reduction pressure can lower provincial leaders' expectations of economic growth in China.
The improvement in pollutant emission efficiency weakens the constraint of pollutant emission reduction pressure on expectations of economic growth.
Government leaders should improve pollutant emission efficiency to achieve a win‐win situation for economic growth and pollution control.
X‐ray tomographic observations of microcracking patterns in fibre‐reinforced mortar during tension stiffening tests
Authors: Ducoulombier Nicolas , Chateau Camille , Bornert Michel , Caron Jean‐François , Aimedieu Patrick , Weitkamp Timm , Perrin Jonathan , King Andrew , Scheel Mario 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor the last decades, new reparation or fabrication processes have been studied to replace traditional rebar by roving of different mineral or organic fibres to avoid corrosion issues. Such materials refer to the family of cementitious composite. Their tensile strength would directly depend on the proportion of reinforcement and strongly on the interfacial mechanical properties between fibres and cementitious matrix. From now, evaluation of interfacial properties was mostly limited to the use of force–displacement curves obtained from mechanical experiments. This work presents a new methodology using micromechanical tension stiffening tests combined with X‐ray computed tomography (XRCT) observations, performed at the Anatomix beamline at Synchrotron SOLEIL, and specific image processing procedures. Multi‐XRCT acquisitions with suitable scanning strategy are used to image the whole fibre‐matrix interface along centimetric samples at four to five different levels of loading magnitude. Intensive image processing is then performed on tomographic images including digital volume correlation (DVC), image subtraction and Hessian‐based filtering. This experiment allows to study damage mechanisms at small scale. The proposed methodology shows great potential to provide both qualitative and quantitative elements on interfacial mechanical behaviour such as crack growth and crack orientation. The interface between mortar and sufficiently small multi‐fibre yarn used in this paper is shown to behave in certain condition as traditional rebar interface producing conical cracks in the surrounding matrix rather than debonding in mode 2, permitting a much higher energy dissipation during debonding. According to this study, conical cracks repartition and geometry are mostly influenced by the cementitious matrix. The spacing between cracks goes from 50 to 100 μm, and the angle between crack normal vector and yarn orientation goes from 35° to 50°.
Testing the Validity of Greenwood and Tripp’s Sum Surface Assumption for Elastic-Plastic Contact
Authors: Roy Ashutosh , Sista Bhargava , Vemaganti Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The complexity of modeling friction between rough surfaces has prompted many researchers to use Greenwood and Tripp’s sum surface assumption to simplify the analysis. This assumption approximates the contact between two rough surfaces as contact between their equivalent sum surface and a rigid plane. In this work, we develop detailed finite element models to test the sum surface assumption for surfaces with Gaussian and exponential autocorrelation functions. We consider surfaces with differing surface roughness and correlation length values. For each case, we conduct simulations of two rough surfaces interacting in compression followed by shear, and a corresponding equivalent surface model based on the sum surface assumption. Multiple realizations of each parameter combination are simulated to obtain a statistical picture of the responses. We find that (a) the sum surface assumption consistently under-predicts the static coefficient of friction and (b) the equivalent surface model is less accurate for surfaces with differing correlation length-to-surface roughness ratios.
Extraction and Analysis of Spatial Correlation Micrograph Features for Traceability in Manufacturing
Authors: Dachowicz Adam , Atallah Mikhail , Panchal Jitesh H. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We propose a method for ensuring traceability of metal goods in an efficient and secure manner that leverages data obtained from micrographs of a part’s surface that is instance specific (i.e., different for another instance of that same part). All stakeholders in modern supply chains face a growing need to ensure quality and trust in the goods they produce. Complex supply chains open many opportunities for counterfeiters, saboteurs, or other attackers to infiltrate supply networks, and existing methods for preventing such attacks can be costly, invasive, and ineffective. The proposed method extracts discriminatory-yet-robust intrinsic strings using features extracted from the two-point autocorrelation data of surface microstructures, as well as from local volume fraction data. By using a synthetic dataset of three-phase micrographs similar to those obtained from metal alloy systems using low-cost optical microscopy techniques, we discuss tailoring the method with respect to cost and security and discuss the performance of the method in the context of anticounterfeiting and how similar methods may be evaluated for performance. Cryptographic extensions of this methodology are also discussed.
Enhancement of Deep-Subwavelength Band Gaps in Flat Spiral-Based Phononic Metamaterials Using the Trampoline Phenomena
Authors: Bilal Osama R. , Foehr André , Daraio Chiara 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Elastic and acoustic metamaterials can sculpt dispersion of waves through resonances. In turn, resonances can give rise to negative effective properties, usually localized around the resonance frequencies, which support band gaps at subwavelength frequencies (i.e., below the Bragg-scattering limit). However, the band gaps width correlates strongly with the resonators’ mass and volume, which limits their functionality in applications. Trampoline phenomena have been numerically and experimentally shown to broaden the operational frequency ranges of two-dimensional, pillar-based metamaterials through perforation. In this work, we demonstrate trampoline phenomena in lightweight and planar lattices consisting of arrays of Archimedean spirals in unit cells. Spiral-based metamaterials have been shown to support different band gap opening mechanisms, namely, Bragg-scattering, local resonances and inertia amplification. Here, we numerically analyze and experimentally realize trampoline phenomena in planar metasurfaces for different lattice tessellations. Finally, we carry out a comparative study between trampoline pillars and spirals and show that trampoline spirals outperform the pillars in lightweight, compactness and operational bandwidth.
Reducibility and Analysis of Linear Quasi-Periodic Systems Via Normal Forms
Authors: Waswa Peter M. B. , Redkar Sangram 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article introduces a technique to accomplish reducibility of linear quasi-periodic systems into constant-coefficient linear systems. This is consistent with congruous proofs common in literature. Our methodology is based on Lyapunov–Floquet transformation, normal forms, and enabled by an intuitive state augmentation technique that annihilates the periodicity in a system. Unlike common approaches, the presented approach does not employ perturbation or averaging techniques and does not require a periodic system to be approximated from the quasi-periodic system. By considering the undamped and damped linear quasi-periodic Hill-Mathieu equation, we validate the accuracy of our approach by comparing the time-history behavior of the reduced linear constant-coefficient system with the numerically integrated results of the initial quasi-periodic system. The two outcomes are shown to be in exact agreement. Consequently, the approach presented here is demonstrated to be accurate and reliable. Moreover, we employ Floquet theory as part of our analysis to scrutinize the stability and bifurcation properties of the undamped and damped linear quasi-periodic system.
Healthcare access for children and families on the move and migrants
Authors: Murphy Lisa , Broad Jonathan , Hopkinshaw Bryony , Boutros Sarah , Russell Neal , Firth Alison , McKeown Rachael , Steele Alison 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundThe United Kingdom (UK) National Health Service (NHS) charging regulations have increasingly restricted migrants’ healthcare access, in the context of a wider national policy shift over the past few years intending to create a ‘hostile environment’ for migrants. With an estimated 144 000 undocumented children living in the UK and increasing public concern that these regulations are negatively impacting migrant health and well-being, as well as contravening international child rights agreements, it has become imperative to understand their implications.MethodsA mixed methods digital survey, covering attitudes towards and understanding of UK healthcare charging, and giving space for relevant case submission, was disseminated through communications channels of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) to their members. Quantitative data were analysed on Stata, and basic proportions were calculated for each response proportion. Qualitative data were analysed using a framework analysis approach.ResultsThere were 200 responses, from a range of healthcare professional backgrounds. The majority were not confident in interpreting and applying the charging regulations. One-third (34%) reported examples of the charging regulations impacting patient care, analysis of which elicited seven key themes. Our survey gathered 18 cases of migrants being deterred from accessing healthcare, 11 cases of healthcare being delayed or denied outright, and 12 cases of delay in accessing care leading to worse health outcomes, including two intrauterine deaths.DiscussionOur results describe a range of harms arising from the current NHS charging regulations contributing to delays in or denials of healthcare, due to patients’ fear of charging or immigration enforcement, including potential deportation, and confusion around entitlements. This harm affects individual patients, the migrant community and the NHS – often in multiple simultaneous ways. Many patients eligible for NHS care, such as trafficking victims, are not being identified as such. We found the current charging regulations to be unworkable, and that harm could not be eliminated simply through improved awareness or implementation.
Identifying Temporal Relationships Between In‐Hospital Adverse Events After Implantation of Durable Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Kilic Arman , Seese Laura , Pagani Francis , Kormos Robert 
Published: April 2020

Background
This study evaluated the impact of adverse events (AEs) on the development of subsequent AEs after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) surgery.

Methods and Results

The INTERMACS (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support) was used to identify primary durable LVADs implanted between 2006 and 2016. The temporal relationships between AEs occurring during the index hospitalization were evaluated using separate risk‐adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. LVADs were implanted in 18 763 patients. The strongest positive relationships were renal failure leading to hepatic dysfunction (hazard ratio [HR], 6.62; 95% CI, 5.12–8.54;
P
<0.001), respiratory failure leading to renal failure (HR, 5.51; 95% CI, 4.79–6.34;
P
<0.001), respiratory failure leading to hepatic dysfunction (HR, 4.36; 95% CI, 3.25–5.83;
P
<0.001), renal failure leading to respiratory failure (HR, 4.18; 95% CI, 3.76–4.64;
P
<0.001), and renal failure leading to right ventricular assist device implant (HR, 3.70; 95% CI, 2.31–5.90;
P
<0.001). Although bleeding, infection, and right ventricular assist device implant were each associated with several subsequent AEs, the magnitude of association was less substantial. The lowest 1‐year post‐LVAD survival was associated with the primary AEs of renal failure (68.1%) and respiratory failure (70.7%) (log‐rank
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Most in‐hospital AEs after LVAD implantation have a significant association with the development of subsequent AEs, with the most profound impact associated with primary renal or respiratory failure, which are also associated with the lowest 1‐year survival. Targeting the reduction of renal or respiratory failure as the primary AE after LVAD surgery would likely yield the greatest reductions in overall AE burden and subsequent mortality.
Evaluation of Nasal Mucociliary Clearance, Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation, and Epistaxis Severity Score in Isotretinoin Treatment
Authors: İşlek Akif , Yıldız Muhammed Gazi 
Published: April 2020

Objectives: The study aims to investigate the possible side effects of isotretinoin use on the nasal mucosa with objective methods in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Methods: Before the treatment, nasal mucociliary clearance time (MCT) was measured in all patients. Also all patients were asked to complete the questionnaires about the nasal dryness (visual analog scale [VAS]), nasal obstruction (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation [NOSE]), and presence of epistaxis (Epistaxis Severity Score [ESS]). Both MCT and questionnaires were reevaluated in patients who completed the treatment. Results: The results of 101 patients were evaluated. Before treatment, mean duration of nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC) was 9.55 ± 1.30 minutes, nasal dryness (VAS) value was 2.7 ± 0.7, NOSE score was 2.1 ± 1.1, and ESS score was 1.2 ± 0.7; after treatment, the duration of NMC was 13.80 ± 2.29 minutes, VAS value was 3.3 ± 1.1, NOSE score was 3.2 ± 1.3, and ESS score was 2.1 ± 1.2 ( P = .018, .150, .027, .011, respectively). Conclusion: The nasal mucosa is adversely affected in patients due to regular use of isotretinoin in the acne treatment, anamnesis should be checked in all nasal surgeries, and routine ear nose throat control should be recommended for these patients.
Outpatient versus Inpatient Parotidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Forner David , Lee Daniel J. , Walsh Chris , Witterick Ian J. , Taylor S. Mark , Freeman Jeremy 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveParotidectomies are commonly performed procedures by head and neck surgeons. Although parotidectomies are historically inpatient procedures, recent observational evidence has highlighted the potential for parotidectomies to be performed on an outpatient basis. This systematic review and meta‐analysis sought to compare complications and unplanned health care utilization between patients undergoing outpatient versus inpatient parotidectomy.Data SourcesA systematic review was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.Review MethodsStudies comparing the outcomes of outpatient parotidectomy with those of inpatient parotidectomy were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Postoperative complications (hematoma, facial nerve dysfunction, seroma, fistulisation, Frey syndrome, and wound infection) and rates of 30‐day readmission, reintervention, and emergency department presentation were compared.ResultsWe screened 1018 nonduplicate articles to include 5 studies, all of which were retrospective cohort studies. There were fewer complications found in the outpatient group (relative risk = 0.61, 95% confidence interval: 0.40‐0.93). Outpatient procedures were more commonly performed on patients who lived close to the hospital, had fewer comorbidities, and had less extensive planned surgery.ConclusionOutpatient parotidectomy appears safe in select patients with outcomes comparable with inpatient surgery. However, evidence overall is of low quality, and further work is needed to delineate a satisfactory set of criteria for appropriate patient identification.