bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum levels of interleukin‐34 and clinical correlation in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome
Authors: Liu Yanmei , Zhang Bei , Lei Yimeng , Xia Liping , Lu Jing , Shen Hui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo measure the levels of serum interleukin (IL)‐34 in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and evaluate the cytokine's clinical association with the disease.MethodsSerum samples were obtained from 66 pSS patients and 32 healthy controls (HCs) and measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for IL‐34 levels. The clinical parameters, including autoantibodies, immunoglobulins (Igs), complements (Cs), inflammatory indicators, involvement of the blood system, lung and arthritis, were collected simultaneously. Two‐sample t test was applied for comparison between 2 groups, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the associations between IL‐34 levels and laboratory parameters.ResultsSerum IL‐34 levels were significantly elevated in pSS patients compared with HCs. Patients with anti‐Ro/SSA antibody positivity showed higher serum IL‐34 levels than those who were negative, as did the anti‐La/SSB antibody‐positive patients. Serum IL‐34 levels were positively associated with the levels of rheumatoid factor, IgG and gamma‐globulin, but not associated with IgA, IgM, C3, C4, erythrocyte sedimentation rate or C‐reactive protein. For the pSS subgroups with and without leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia or interstitial lung disease (ILD), there was no significant difference in serum IL‐34 levels. Interestingly, the pSS patients with arthritis had higher levels of IL‐34 compared with the no‐arthritis patients.ConclusionsIL‐34 may be involved in B cell activation and production of antibodies in pSS.
Changes in social groups across reintroductions and effects on post‐release survival
Authors: Franks V. R. , Andrews C. E. , Ewen J. G. , McCready M. , Parker K. A. , Thorogood R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractReintroductions, essential to many conservation programmes, disrupt both abiotic and social environments. Despite growing recognition that social connections in animals might alter survival (e.g. social transmission of foraging skills, or transmission of disease), there has thus far been little focus on the consequences of social disruption during reintroductions. Here we investigate if moving familiar social groups may help a threatened species to adjust to its new environment and increase post‐release survival. For a reintroduction of 40 juvenile hihi Notiomystis cincta (a threatened New Zealand passerine), we observed social groups before and after translocation to a new site and used social network analysis to study three levels of social change: overall group structure, network associations and individual sociality. We also tested alternate translocation strategies where birds were kept temporarily in aviaries in either a familiar group, or where their prior association was mixed. Although social structure remained similar among juveniles that remained at the source site, we detected significant changes in translocated birds at both the group‐ and individual‐ level post‐release. However, our holding treatments did not affect these social bonds so we remain unable to maintain or manipulate social groups during translocation. Crucially, there was a small tendency for translocated juveniles that gained more associates during re‐assortment of social groups to be more likely to survive their first year post‐release. We suggest that prior sociality may not be important during translocations, but rather individuals that are most able to adapt and form associations at a new site are most likely to be the surviving founders of reintroduced populations.
Genetic variation in EPHA contributes to sensitivity to paclitaxel‐induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Marcath Lauren A. , Kidwell Kelley M. , Vangipuram Kiran , Gersch Christina L. , Rae James M. , Burness Monika L. , Griggs Jennifer J. , Van Poznak Catherine , Hayes Daniel F. , Smith Ellen M. Lavoie , Henry N. Lynn , Beutler Andreas S. , Hertz Daniel L. 
Published: December 2019

AimsChemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a treatment limiting toxicity of paclitaxel. We evaluated if EPHA genetic variation (EPHA4, EPHA5, EPHA6, and EPHA8) is associated with PN sensitivity by accounting for variability in systemic paclitaxel exposure (time above threshold).MethodsGermline DNA from 60 patients with breast cancer was sequenced. PN was measured using the 8‐item sensory subscale (CIPN8) of the patient‐reported CIPN20. Associations for 3 genetic models were tested by incorporating genetics into previously published PN prediction models integrating measured paclitaxel exposure and cumulative treatment. Significant associations were then tested for association with PN‐related treatment disruption.ResultsEPHA5 rs7349683 (minor allele frequency = 0.32) was associated with increased PN sensitivity (β‐coefficient = 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.67, p = 0.007). Setting a maximum tolerable threshold of CIPN8 = 30, optimal paclitaxel exposure target is shorter for rs7349683 homozygous (11.6 h) than heterozygous (12.6 h) or wild‐type (13.6 h) patients. Total number of missense variants (median = 0, range 0–2) was associated with decreased PN sensitivity (β‐coefficient: −0.42, 95% confidence interval −0.72 to −0.12, P = .006). No association with treatment disruption was detected for the total number of missense variants or rs7349683.ConclusionIsolating toxicity sensitivity by accounting for exposure is a novel approach, and rs7349683 represents a promising marker for PN sensitivity that may be used to individualize paclitaxel treatment.
Joint analysis of single‐cell and bulk tissue sequencing data to infer intratumor heterogeneity
Authors: Sun Wei , Jin Chong , Gelfond Jonathan A. , Chen Ming‐Hui , Ibrahim Joseph G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMany computational methods have been developed to discern intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) using DNA sequence data from bulk tumor samples. These methods share an assumption that two mutations arise from the same subclone if they have similar mutant allele‐frequencies (MAFs), and thus it is difficult or impossible to distinguish two subclones with similar MAFs. Single‐cell DNA sequencing (scDNA‐seq) data can be very informative for ITH inference. However, due to the difficulty of DNA amplification, scDNA‐seq data are often very noisy. A promising new study design is to collect both bulk and single‐cell DNA‐seq data and jointly analyze them to mitigate the limitations of each data type. To address the analytic challenges of this new study design, we propose a computational method named BaSiC (Bulk tumor and Single Cell), to discern ITH by jointly analyzing DNA‐seq data from bulk tumor and single cells. We demonstrate that BaSiC has comparable or better performance than the methods using either data type. We further evaluate BaSiC using bulk tumor and single‐cell DNA‐seq data from a breast cancer patient and several leukemia patients.
Outcomes of trial of labor after cesarean birth by provider type in low‐risk women
Authors: Fore Matthew S. , Allshouse Amanda A. , Carlson Nicole S. , Hurt K. Joseph 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundOne approach to decreasing the cesarean birth rate in the United States is to increase the availability of birth attendants, including certified nurse‐midwives (CNMs), who offer trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). We examined associations between provider type and mode of birth for women attempting vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC).MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study at a United States academic medical center using prospectively‐collected data (2005‐2012). We included healthy women with term singleton vertex pregnancies after one or two prior cesareans who were managed by obstetricians or CNMs. We assessed unplanned cesarean birth by provider type using univariate and logistic regression and examined labor interventions and predicted VBAC success.ResultsOverall VBAC success was 88% for 502 included patients. Unplanned cesarean rates were similar by provider type. Black race, no prior VBAC, recurring clinical indication for cesarean, labor augmentation/induction, and any Pitocin use were associated with increased unplanned cesarean. Higher parity and early‐term gestational age at delivery were associated with decreased unplanned cesarean. Postpartum hemorrhage and composite maternal morbidity were increased with unplanned cesarean, but there was no difference in neonatal outcome by mode of delivery or provider type. Obstetricians had slightly higher composite adverse maternal outcomes. Nomogram‐predicted VBAC success but not provider type was associated with unplanned cesarean.ConclusionsUnplanned cesarean was similar for patients attempting labor after cesarean managed by midwives or obstetricians. Increasing the number of CNMs who manage TOLAC may help decrease the high rate of cesareans.
To Extend or Not to Extend: Explaining the Divergent Use of Statutory Bargaining Extensions in the Netherlands and Germany
Authors: Paster Thomas , Oude Nijhuis Dennie , Kiecker Maximilian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEmployee coverage by multi‐employer bargaining declined since the 1980s in many countries, but countries differ in the extent of that decline. These differences are due, in part, to statutory coverage extension. We analyse the use of statutory coverage extension in two countries, Germany and the Netherlands. Agreements are extended frequently in the Netherlands, where coverage remained stable as a result, but sparingly in Germany, where coverage eroded. The article shows that different employer attitudes are the main cause of this difference. These differences in employer attitudes result from (a) different perceptions of the effects of wage competition by non‐organized firms on organized firms and (b) differences in employer views on the appropriateness of state compulsion.
DEPDC1B is a key regulator of myoblast proliferation in mouse and man
Authors: Figeac Nicolas , Pruller Johanna , Hofer Isabella , Fortier Mathieu , Ortuste Quiroga Huascar Pedro , Banerji Christopher R. S. , Zammit Peter S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesDISHEVELLED, EGL‐10, PLECKSTRIN (DEP) domain‐containing 1B (DEPDC1B) promotes dismantling of focal adhesions and coordinates detachment events during cell cycle progression. DEPDC1B is overexpressed in several cancers with expression inversely correlated with patient survival. Here, we analysed the role of DEPDC1B in the regulation of murine and human skeletal myogenesis.Materials and methodsExpression dynamics of DEPDC1B were examined in murine and human myoblasts and rhabdomyosarcoma cells in vitro by RT‐qPCR and/or immunolabelling. DEPDC1B function was mainly tested via siRNA‐mediated gene knockdown.ResultsDEPDC1B was expressed in proliferating murine and human myoblasts, with expression then decreasing markedly during myogenic differentiation. SiRNA‐mediated knockdown of DEPDC1B reduced myoblast proliferation and induced entry into myogenic differentiation, with deregulation of key cell cycle regulators (cyclins, CDK, CDKi). DEPDC1B and β‐catenin co‐knockdown was unable to rescue proliferation in myoblasts, suggesting that DEPDC1B functions independently of canonical WNT signalling during myogenesis. DEPDC1B can also suppress RHOA activity in some cell types, but DEPDC1B and RHOA co‐knockdown actually had an additive effect by both further reducing proliferation and enhancing myogenic differentiation. DEPDC1B was expressed in human Rh30 rhabdomyosarcoma cells, where DEPDC1B or RHOA knockdown promoted myogenic differentiation, but without influencing proliferation.ConclusionDEPDC1B plays a central role in myoblasts by driving proliferation and preventing precocious myogenic differentiation during skeletal myogenesis in both mouse and human.
Evidence of an extreme weather‐induced phenological mismatch and a local extirpation of the endangered Karner blue butterfly
Authors: Patterson Tamatha A. , Grundel Ralph , Dzurisin Jason D. K. , Knutson Randy L. , Hellmann Jessica J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn 2011, an experiment was undertaken to examine spring synchrony between the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) (Kbb) and its obligate host plant, wild blue lupine (Lupinus perennis) at Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore (INDU), where the southernmost population of Kbb occurred at the time of this study. From 2012 to 2014, field‐placed Kbb eggs were observed for larvae hatching in conjunction with observations of lupine emergence in oak savanna habitat. In 2012, 61% of Kbb hatched when <5% of lupine had emerged due to an extreme early spring event as compared to subsequent years where temporal overlap was >15% between Kbb and lupine. Laboratory experiments testing the sensitivity of Kbb hatching to warm temperatures during the winter of 2011–2012 confirmed that Kbb eggs were susceptible to temperature‐induced hatching. In the summer of 2012, second generation Kbb larvae feeding on sun‐exposed lupine had higher mortality due to the heat and drought conditions that resulted in earlier plant senescence. Following 2012, Kbb were no longer observed at INDU. This observation illustrates the pressing need for adaptive management strategies that account for extreme weather events brought on by climate change.
Food calling in wild ravens (Corvus corax) revisited: Who is addressed?
Authors: Sierro Javier , Loretto Matthias‐Claudio , Szipl Georgine , Massen Jorg J. M. , Bugnyar Thomas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNumerous birds and mammals use vocal signals to advertise feeding opportunities but often such signals vary with individual and contextual factors. Non‐breeding ravens call at food that is difficult to access, resulting in the attraction of nearby conspecifics. Although callers may benefit from group formation in various ways, we recently found substantial individual variation in food calling. We here explored whether this variation can be partly explained by the social dynamics in raven foraging groups, together with already known effects of age class and sex. Specifically, we expected ravens to respond to the presence or absence of affiliates that could act as cooperative partners in the forthcoming feeding event, that is they should call when other ravens were present but they themselves were alone rather than when they were also in company of an affiliation partner. We observed the vocal behaviour of individually marked wild ravens and, simultaneously, categorized their affiliative behaviour with other ravens in the minutes before experimentally controlled feedings. In line with our prediction, individuals were less likely to produce food‐associated calls when they were in close contact with an affiliation partner prior to feeding as compared to when they were alone. Furthermore, sex and age class influenced food calling as females called more often than males and younger birds called more often than adult ravens. In conclusion, these results suggest that ravens attempt to find support from a particular cooperative partner by broadly advertise feeding opportunities via food‐associated calls, especially when they have low chances in contest competition due to their age and sex. These findings lend further support to the assumption of raven flocks being structured by social relationships and individual birds flexibly controlling their vocal signalling according to the current flock composition.
Females of a blood‐sucking bug may adjust their mating decisions according to the risk of ovipositing infertile eggs
Authors: De Simone Gabriel A. , Pompilio Lorena , Manrique Gabriel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFemales should adjust their mating preferences when the costs of being selective vary. Here, we focus on the cost of laying unfertilized eggs. Oviparous species lose their fertilizable oocytes if remain virgin for too long. Thus, females who are at a high risk of laying infertile eggs should be selected against rejecting a mating opportunity under such circumstances. We test this prediction using the blood‐sucking bug Rhodnius prolixus females, which exhibit stereotyped discrimination behaviour to undesired copula. Under laboratory conditions, we compared the copulatory rejection behaviour between females at their first ovarian cycle (12 days old adults, at low risk of ovipositing infertile eggs) and females at their second ovarian cycle (26 days old adults, at high risk of ovipositing infertile eggs). Since R. prolixus female rejection behaviour is mainly exhibited in the presence of potential mates, we also manipulated the presence and absence of additional males. We found that rejection behaviour significantly decreases both when females enter their second ovarian cycle (and are at high risk of losing unfertilized eggs) and under the absence of additional males. We discuss the possible effects of the risk of losing fertilizable eggs on female mating preferences.
Microbiota associated with the skin, gills, and gut of the fish Parachondrostoma toxostoma from the Rhône basin
Authors: Guivier Emmanuel , Pech Nicolas , Chappaz Rémi , Gilles André 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

The close relationships between hosts and their microbiota underlie the current concept of holobionts. This biological entity enlarges our perception of the genomic diversity supported by individuals/species and the potential abilities of hosts to respond to the environment.

We investigated a total of 54 specimens of the sofie fish Parachrondrostoma toxostoma (Pt) for the taxonomic and functional composition of microbiota associated with the skin, gills, and gut tissues. Five wild populations from the Ardèche and Durance river basins in the Mediterranean part of the large catchment of the Rhône (southern France) were compared.

We found that the skin microbiota was more diverse and variable in bacterial community composition than the gut microbiota. These differences suggest that different deterministic factors underlie the composition of these bacterial communities, resulting in tissue‐specific variation of the microbiota composition between wild fish populations inhabiting two rivers. Microbiota diversity and composition differed between wild Pt populations at both regional and local spatial scales.

Using the Picrust tool, the taxonomic variation of the microbiota composition in the river fish populations could be associated with the enrichment of predicted metabolic pathways. In particular, carbohydrate metabolism was more represented and xenobiotic biodegradation pathways less represented in the gut microbiota of Pt populations from the Ardèche than of those from the Durance. This result suggests variability in the ability to acclimate to environmental features through the assimilation of food resources from plants and the detoxification of xenobiotic components.

This study opens perspectives in the detection of subtle shifts in environmental features through the description of the microbiota composition, and in the potential prediction of the functional capacities of species to acclimate.
The effects of supported shared‐care and hemodialysis self‐care on patient psychological well‐being, interdialytic weight gain, and blood pressure control
Authors: Maharjan Sarju Raj Singh , Davenport Andrew 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroduction: Traditionally hemodialysis (HD) treatments are undertaken by dialysis staff. Self‐care has been reported to improve psychological well‐being and treatment compliance for patients with chronic diseases. We evaluated our shared‐care HD program to determine whether shared‐care benefits patients.Methods: We reviewed the electronic health care and HD sessional records and psychological distress thermometer (DT) scores of patients in our HD centers. HD shared care was classified as grade 0—none, grade 1 patients weighing themselves and measuring blood pressure (BP), grade 2 performs HD, and grade 3 additionally troubleshoots problems.Findings: We reviewed 675 HD patients; mean age 64.1 ± 16.3 years, 62.3% male, 45.9% diabetic, Stoke‐Davies co‐morbidity grade 1 (1‐1), frailty score 4 (3‐5), DT 3 (0‐5). 60.3% performed no shared care, 19% grade 1, 14.8% grade 2, and 6% grade 3. Patients performing more shared care were younger, less frail, less co‐morbid, and physically stronger. We then propensity matched 113 patients with grade ≥ 2 shared care for age and frailty with 113 no shared‐care patients. Fewer shared‐care patients were prescribed antihypertensives (50.7 vs. 70.7%, P < 0.01), and had lower serum N terminal probrain natriuretic peptide 3033 (1083‐8502) vs. 4814(1514‐135821) pg/mL), phosphate (1.62 ± 0.49 vs. 1.78 ± 0.62 mmol/L), and higher albumin (40.7 ± 4.3 vs. 38.0 ± 4.3 g/L), all P < 0.05 but no differences in psychological DT scores.Discussion: Although there was no significant benefit in psychological well‐being, as measured by the self‐reported DT, patients performing more shared care demonstrated other benefits in terms of blood pressure and volume control.
IN THE FOLDS OF TIME: RASHĪD AL‐DĪN ON THEORIES OF HISTORICITY
Authors: PFEIFFER JUDITH 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBy focusing on Rashīd al‐Dīn's (d. 718/1318) historiographical oeuvre and here in particular his “History of the World,” this article challenges the usual approach to his Jāmiʿ al‐tawārīkh (Compendium of Chronicles) and argues that his was a deeply pluralistic enterprise in a world with many centers, tremendous demographic change, high social mobility, and constantly shifting truth‐claims in an ever expanding cosmos, to which Rashīd al‐Dīn's method, language, and the shape of his history were perfectly adaptable. This article introduces the notion of “parallel pasts” to account for Rashīd al‐Dīn's method. By placing the Jāmiʿ al‐tawārīkh and its author in their historical and intellectual context, this article also argues that this method is not restricted to Rashīd al‐Dīn's historiography: His historiographical work ought to be seen as part of his larger theological and philosophical oeuvre into which the author placed it consciously and explicitly, an oeuvre that is, like Rashīd al‐Dīn's historiography, pluralist at heart, and that could be as easily classified as “theology” or “philosophy” as “historiography.”
TO OBSERVE, TO RECORD, TO DEPICT: MEMORIALIZING THE CIRCUMCISION OF AN OTTOMAN PRINCE, C. 1582–C. 1600
Authors: ŞAHİN KAYA 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTA circumcision celebration in the summer of 1582, organized by the Ottoman ruler Murād III (r. 1574–1595) for his son Meḥmed, is one of the most extensively recorded events in early modern Ottoman history. Contemporary and near‐contemporary testimonies include archival sources, odes, event‐based narratives, illustrated accounts, passages in regnal and universal histories, and several descriptions by European observers. The celebration occurred amid tensions fueled by ongoing warfare, rising prices, elite factionalism, and apocalyptic anxieties. It also coincided with a time of exceptional cultural productivity at the Ottoman palace and among the Ottoman literati. This article discusses the celebration's treatment in event‐based narratives, illustrated accounts, and regnal and universal histories from the period, to emphasize the multiplicity of approaches to the writing and recording of history. Ottoman works of a historical nature defy easy categorizations such as official history or court history; they also blur compartmentalized notions of history, art history, and literature that emerged in the nineteenth century. Ottoman historical writing, like any other historical tradition, was closer to a meeting ground, where authors and patrons gathered and competed, than a common ground where consent and hegemony were supposedly produced. Authorial agency was crucial in creating demand, fostering competition, and building reputation; moreover, authors and patrons had to negotiate a multiplicity of languages, linguistic registers, styles, and techniques, some of which had been bequeathed by past generations, whereas others had been invented or reinvented recently.