bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of Bi–Bi2S3/Zn0.5Cd0.5S tubular heterojunction for enhancing photocatalytic H2 production
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Yang Yang , Ye Xiangju , Ren Wei , Li Li , Zheng Xiuzhen , Ge Jingbiao , Zhang Sujuan , Chen Shifu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic H2 production is considered as a promising method to solve the energy crisis, and how to increase the photocatalytic efficiency is an urgent issues that need to be addressed. In this work, Bi–Bi2S3/Zn0.5Cd0.5S (BBS/ZCS) composites were successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. By electrostatic attraction, Zn0.5Cd0.5S (ZCS) nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of Bi–Bi2S3 (BBS) microtubes, facilitating the formation of heterojunctions. Although BBS showed little activity in H2 production, it largely enhanced the photocatalytic performance of ZCS. After optimizing the amount of BBS cocatalyst, it was found that 10% BBS/ZCS had the best H2 production performance of 10.18 mmol g−1 h−1, which was 30 times higher than that of ZCS (0.34 mmol g−1 h−1). The enhanced photocatalytic performance could be ascribed to the formation of interfacial heterojunctions, as the photogenerated electrons of ZCS migrate to the Bi0 while photogenerated holes transfer to the valence band (VB) of Bi2S3. With BBS as the bridge to accept the photogenerated electrons and holes of ZCS, the fast recombination of photogenerated charge carriers (PCCs, including photogenerated electrons and holes) for ZCS was improved. This work not only promotes the separation of PCCs, but provides a new idea for the design of catalysts.
Low temperature selective growth of VO2 polymorphs by one‐step hydrothermal method
Authors: Kumar Sooraj , Mishra Partha , Singh Sonika , Chitnis Ujjwal , Thakur Bhavesh , Pal Soupitak , Sinha‐Ray Sumit , Goswami Ankur 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhase pure vanadium dioxide (VO2) polymorphs, namely, VO2(A), VO2(M1), and VO2(B), were successfully prepared via low temperature ( hydrothermal technique that is often a challenge. Using Taguchi method of design of experiment (DOE) processing conditions for direct synthesis of said polymorphs based on growth temperature, filling ratio, and molar ratio of reactant were established. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed using x‐ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, RAMAN, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope. Further, it has been always difficult to coat vanadium oxide nanoparticle on an amorphous substrate. However, by adopting supersonic cold spray technique using de Laval nozzle, obtained nanoparticles were coated on soda lime silica glass substrate as thin film, and subsequent temperature dependent electrical characterizations were carried out. Finally, feasibility of formation of various polymorphs was investigated by calculating Gibbs free energy for each reaction. The obtained ∆G⁰ was (−521 kJ/mol) for VO2(A), (−694 kJ/mol) for VO2(B), and (−750 kJ/mol) for VO2(M1) and was further related to the order of formation of phases. Additionally, an estimation was made on the significance and percentage contribution of each growth parameter, that is, growth temperature, filling ratio, and molar ratio using the algorithm of DOE.
Feasibility of magnetron sputtered nano‐cerium oxide thin films for solid oxide fuel cells interconnector: Microstructure evolution under the anode side
Authors: Hu Yingzhen , Li Desheng , Guo Hu , Li Yan‐An , Meng Yu , Li Cheng‐Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGiven the significant oxidation challenges and reciprocal diffusion reactions that occur under the operating conditions of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) anodes, it is crucial to develop thin protective coatings that possess a dense structure, appropriate conductivity, good chemical and mechanical compatibility for metallic interconnectors (MIC). Except for the mainly studied cathode environments, the fuel streams during the real stack operation will also inevitably confront the MIC with oxidation and interfacial reaction issues, giving a potential contribution to the overall stack degradation. However, there is relatively little research on these service stability issues induced by the anode operating atmospheres. This research emphasizes the continuity of sputtered CeOx coatings of different thicknesses during the initial oxidation phase and seeks to optimize the coating thickness. By varying the sputtering powers, CeOx coatings with thicknesses of 110, 380, and 600 nm are deposited on laboratory‐made ferritic stainless steel (AMIC 21). The chemical states of the sputtered Ce ions, the microstructure evolution, and the interfacial reaction mechanism for the CeOx‐coated MIC are successively explored under a simulated anode environment. After isothermal exposure to SOFC anode‐reducing atmosphere (90%H2/10%H2O) at 800°C for 50–300 h, the CeOx coatings exhibit good structural stability with uniform grains tightly arranged on the surface. The interfacial reaction layers detected for the CeOx‐coated AMIC 21 samples are less than 1.6 µm after exposure for 300 h, indicating the effectiveness of CeOx coatings for SOFC interconnector application.
Design and preparation of chalcogenide glass doublet lenses for infrared optical system
Authors: Zhou Gangjie , Chen Jinjin , Fan Peikuan , Tan Linling , Gao Chengwei , Kang Shiliang , Dai Shixun , Lin Changgui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the realm of infrared (IR) optics, IR doublet lenses have garnered a lot of attention due to their ability to correct for aberrations. A new series of Ge15Se85‒xTex (5 ≤ x ≤ 30) chalcogenide glass was developed to possess similar glass transition temperature, excellent thermal stability, and large refractive index variation, which enable them to be a good glass material catalog for IR doublet lenses. First, six glasses were successfully molded into one using thermal bonding, and its refractive index distribution was investigated. To lower the dispersion of IR doublet lenses, the two most suited materials were chosen from the above material library on the basis of their Abbe number (ν) and dispersion (p) value. With the created doublet lenses, an IR optical system with a wavelength of 3‒12 µm was designed. The system's modulation transfer function curve demonstrated its good imaging performance (>0.3 @ 24 cycles/mm). Through additional optical design, we discovered that modifying the curvature of the internal interface of the IR doublet lens could reduce the length of the optical system by 17% while maintaining its performance.
A Bi‐Cultural Multidisciplinary Approach to Achieving Excellence in Care for Indigenous Māori: Report From the Wānanga, Auckland, 2023
Authors: Pene Bobbie‐Jo , Aspinall Cathleen , Deo Sharon S. , Wilson Denise , Parr Jenny M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo explore the alignment of nursing and healthcare practice illustrated in the Fundamentals of Care framework with Māori (Indigenous person of Aotearoa, New Zealand) worldviews using Indigenous methods.DesignDiscursive report.MethodsIn October 2023, around 50 healthcare professionals and Māori leaders from across Aotearoa, New Zealand, attended a wānanga, an Indigenous Māori approach for sharing knowledge and engaging in in‐depth discussion and deliberation.ResultsAttendees understood the origins of the Fundamentals of Care framework and how it translates to practice. The depth and breadth of meaning when referring to Māori values and practices adds a layer of complexity when attempting to align Māori worldviews with the Fundamentals of Care framework. A key outcome of the day was a call for tāngata Tiriti (people of the Treaty—non‐Māori) to continue to work in partnership with tāngata whenua (people of the land—Māori) to explore how the Fundamentals of Care framework could be used with a mode of practice that emphasises Māori values and practices such as whakawhanaungatanga (establishing relationships) and manaakitanga (showing respect, generosity and care for others).ConclusionApplying Indigenous methods to explore problems and co‐create solutions offers the potential to advance health equity agendas. Wānanga, as a forum for engaging in the process of sharing, reflecting, discussing and learning, provides a mana‐enhancing (strengths‐based) space for tāngata whenua (people of the land—Māori) and tāngata Tiriti (people of the Treaty—non‐Māori), to relate and collaborate. Additional wānanga are required to co‐create a mode of practice that can be applied by all health professionals and that meets the needs of Māori.ImpactThis report addresses how the Fundamentals of Care framework can be scrutinised for its usefulness or adaptability to encompass Indigenous populations' culture and care needs. Critical points of difference between the Fundamentals of Care framework and Indigenous Māori worldviews exist and need further exploration. This report impacts the delivery of healthcare for Indigenous Māori and the provision of healthcare by all nurses.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
More than solely reactive: Audit committee director departures as anticipatory actions in financial misstatements
Authors: Liu Wu‐Po , Huang Hua‐Wei , Huang Wan‐Ci 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the impact of financial misstatements on audit committee director departures, focusing on anticipatory and reactive actions. By analyzing data from restating and non‐restating firms between 2004 and 2020, we categorize the misstatement process into pre‐occurrence, occurrence, investigation, and post‐announcement periods. Our findings reveal that audit committee directors in restating firms are significantly more likely to depart in all four periods, compared with their counterparts in non‐restating firms. We further explore how the likelihood of departure is influenced by directors’ characteristics, including financial expertise, gender, busyness, tenure, and age. The results suggest that financial misstatements are not merely reactionary events that prompt director departures but also serve as anticipatory signals leading to proactive exits before issues become public. This study provides valuable insights for financial statement users, boards of directors, and governance activists.
TLR3 Knockdown Attenuates Pressure‐Induced Neuronal Damage In Vitro
Authors: Lin Li , Lv Zhongzhong , Zhou Chao , Zhu Taiyang , Hu Yuting , Sun Xiaoyu , Zhou Hui , Wang Miao , Lin Yongtao , Gu Guoqing , Wang Shang , Zhou Yan , Han Jingjing , Jin Guoliang , Hua Fang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe disruption of nerve parenchyma and axonal networks triggered by spinal cord injury (SCI) can initiate a cascade of events associated with secondary injury. Toll‐like receptors play a critical role in initiating and regulating immune‐inflammatory responses following SCI; however, the precise involvement of Toll‐like receptor‐3 (TLR3) in secondary neuronal injury remains incompletely understood. To investigate the potential contribution of TLR3 in mediating neuronal pressure‐induced damage, we established a stress‐induced neuronal damage model using rat anterior horn motor neuron line (VSC4.1), which was subjected to varying levels and durations of sustained pressure. Our findings suggest that pressure induces neuronal damage and apoptosis, and reduced proliferation rates in VSC4.1 cells. Furthermore, this pressure‐induced neuronal injury is accompanied by upregulation of TLR3 expression and activation of downstream TLR3 signalling molecules. Knockdown experiments targeting TLR3 significantly alleviate pressure‐induced motor neuron injury and apoptosis within the anterior horn region while promoting mitochondria‐related autophagy and reducing mitochondrial dysfunction via the TLR3/IRF3 and TLR3/NF‐κB pathways.
Innovative Orthodontic‐Restorative Treatment With Customized CAD/CAM Smartwires
Authors: Weissheimer Andre , Kravitz Neal D. , Pham John , Tong Hongsheng , Akyalcin Sercan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe demand for discreet and low‐compliance appliances has driven innovation in orthodontics, particularly with technological advances in artificial intelligence, robotics, and CAD/CAM technology. The evolution of Programmed Non‐Sliding Mechanics for precise, automated tooth movement is the latest innovation.AimIn this article, we aimed to demonstrate the application of a novel orthodontic lingual appliance, The Gen 2 InBrace system (InBrace, Irvine, CA), in the orthodontic‐restorative treatment of an adult patient with anterior tooth‐size discrepancies, anterior openbite, and incisor proclination. The Gen 2 InBrace system uses a new generation of CAD/CAM Smartwires, including pre‐programmed customized multiloop nickel‐titanium lingual archwires, which enable light, continuous, and frictionless tooth movements.ConclusionThe Gen 2 InBrace system can enhance esthetic and occlusal outcomes in patients requiring combined orthodontic‐restorative treatment via automatic space management with maximum esthetic and minimal compliance.Clinical SignificancePrecision dentistry and orthodontics using esthetic custom appliances have become a reality. The Gen 2 InBrace system, a new generation custom lingual appliance, offers effective treatment solutions for adults who have previously avoided preprosthetic orthodontics due to the esthetic concerns of wearing traditional labial braces or the compliance challenges associated with clear aligners.
A cross‐sectional analysis of open payments from pharmaceutical companies to memory center physicians
Authors: Rydberg Michael G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe development of anti‐amyloid monoclonal antibodies has changed the landscape of care for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The potential for financial conflicts of interest (COIs) for physicians related to these medications is unknown.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of open payments from industry to physicians working in memory clinics was conducted. The US News Best Hospitals for Neurology and Neurosurgery was used to identify the top 50 ranked hospitals. For each hospital, a google search was performed to identify any affiliated memory clinic. A list of physicians practicing in the memory clinic was identified from public websites. Physician specialty (neurology, geriatrics, psychiatry, or other) was abstracted. The Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services Open Payments database was used to search for general industry payments to each physician for the years 2020–2023. Mean and median yearly payments and number of payments were calculated. Payments from all pharmaceutical companies as well as the pharmaceutical companies responsible for lecanemab (Biogen and Eisai) and donanemab (Eli Lilly and Company/Lilly USA) were abstracted.ResultsThirty‐one memory clinics with 244 total physicians were identified; 173 were neurologists, 37 psychiatrists, 30 geriatricians, and 4 other specialists. Mean one‐year payment was $1562 (SD 4021) for neurologists, $974 (SD 5153) for geriatricians, and $460 (SD 1932) for psychiatrists. Forty neurologists (40/173, 23%) received mean yearly payments of ≥$1000, compared with one geriatrician (1/30, 3.3%) and two psychiatrists (2/37, 5.4%). Payments from Biogen, Eisai, and Eli Lilly and Company/Lilly USA comprised 51% of general payments.ConclusionsMost physicians working in a sample of memory clinics received no or low amounts of general payments. Neurologists were more likely to receive general payments from industry. Payments from Biogen, Eisai, and Eli Lilly and Company/Lilly USA were substantial. Future work should evaluate the relationship between industry payments and anti‐amyloid prescribing patterns.
The efficacy and feasibility of an immersive virtual reality game to train spatial attention orientation after stroke: A stage 2 report
Authors: Huygelier Hanne , Tuts Nora , Michiels Karla , Note Eline , Schillebeeckx Fabienne , Tournoy Jos , Vanden Abeele Vero , van Ee Raymond , Gillebert Céline R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSpatial neglect is a post‐stroke attention deficit for which there is no evidence‐based intervention. Immersive virtual reality (IVR) may increase treatment efficacy, as it allows to train spatial attention in a rich environment. This study evaluated the efficacy and feasibility of an IVR patient‐tailored training (HEMIRehApp). Using a cross‐over design, an active (spatially biased) and placebo (spatially unbiased) IVR intervention were compared. We aimed to recruit 8 per‐protocol left‐sided neglect patients. The primary outcome was response times on the Posner cueing task. To evaluate feasibility, we documented the number of recruited patients, cybersickness and patients' experience with HEMIRehApp. After 2 years of recruitment, we were able to enrol 6 patients, of whom 2 completed the full protocol. The target sample size was not feasible due to a lower than expected prevalence of left‐sided neglect and a higher than expected drop‐out rate. The planned group‐level analysis was therefore replaced by a single‐case analysis. The results in the 2 per‐protocol cases suggest a superior effect of spatially biased IVR training than unbiased IVR training inside IVR. IVR training was feasible as all 6 enrolled patients were able to complete 10 IVR training sessions, but the cross‐over protocol itself was unfeasible. While the low sample size prevented us from conclusively evaluating the efficacy of HEMIRehApp, our preliminary single‐case results suggest that neglect patients were able to improve attentional orientation towards eccentric target locations in IVR. Follow‐up studies are needed to further validate these findings.
Nursing Cost Analysis for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Mao Haizhou , Chen Zhi , Li Wei , Pang Xinyue , Cao Xinmei , Shi Jiaqi , Zhuang Danwen , Mao Lijie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine nursing costs for intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), assess the correlation with diagnosis‐related group (DRG) payments and identify cost determinants.DesignProspective, descriptive and quantitative study.MethodsFrom January to December 2022, we selected ICU patients with AECOPD and used time‐driven activity‐based costing method to calculate the overall nursing costs. We examined the cost recovery rate, correlations between nursing costs and DRG Relative Weight, and factors influencing nursing costs using nonparametric tests, Spearman's rank correlation and quantile regression.ResultsThe median nursing charge was US$1001.88, the median nursing cost was US$678.51, and the average cost recovery rate was 68.39%. Nursing costs correlated with the DRG Relative Weight but not with payments. Length of stay, oxygen therapy mode and noninvasive ventilator use days impacted costs.ConclusionsNursing costs exceeded charges, with a moderate cost recovery rate. DRG payments do not fully reflect nursing cost variations.Relevance to Clinical PracticeOur findings indicate the need to enhance the reimbursement system for nursing costs and to manage ICU nursing expenses by addressing the determinants of these costs.Reporting MethodThe authors adhered to the EQUATOR network guidelines STROBE to report observational cross‐sectional studies.
Symptom Cluster Trajectories Among Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Partial Hepatectomy: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Cai Yanxiu , Li Jing , Bi Liuna , Wang Linlin , Han Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo investigate types of symptom clusters in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy and explore symptom cluster trajectories over time.DesignA longitudinal observational study was conducted.MethodsSymptoms of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were assessed on the second day, seventh day, third week, fourth week and twelfth week post‐operation using the MD Anderson Symptom Assessment Inventory and the Symptom Module for Primary Liver Cancer. Symptom clusters were extracted using exploratory factor analysis, and symptom cluster trajectories were analysed using a latent class growth model.ResultsTwo hundred and thirty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma completed the five‐point investigation after partial hepatectomy. Three symptom clusters were identified: general somatic, psychological and liver impairment. Each symptom cluster was further categorised into three groups: severe, moderate and low. The severity of the three symptom clusters and subgroups decreased over time.ConclusionThree symptom clusters were identified in patients who underwent partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma, and symptom cluster trajectories decreased over time during the 12‐week postoperative period. These findings will assist healthcare professionals in providing prompt symptom management and improve patient quality of life.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareHealthcare professionals should evaluate symptom clusters and their trajectories in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy.Reporting MethodThis report was prepared in accordance with the Guidelines for Reporting Cohort Research.Patient or Public ContributionHepatobiliary surgery nurses worked closely with the research team to ensure the questionnaires were fully assessed before being sent to patients. The active participation of patients provided valuable information for the study.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400084232)
Trade Policy in a Third‐Country Model With Kantian Optimization
Authors: Wang Leonard F. S. , Wu Di , Yang Can 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWe address the issue of trade policies in a Kantian equilibrium. We find that “in principle” at Kantian equilibrium between the exporting countries, the trade policy is export tax. A Kantian equilibrium between the exporting countries leads to the lowest importing countries' consumer surplus, exporting firms' profits and global welfare, while the social welfare of the exporting countries is the highest. On the contrary, A Kantian equilibrium between the exporting firms leads to the highest importing countries' consumer surplus, exporting firms' profits and global welfare. The stability analysis demonstrates the robustness of our findings within an oligopoly comprising multiple exporters.