bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing Standards for Improved Data Quality and for Selecting Fit for Use Biodiversity Data
Authors: Chapman Arthur , Belbin Lee , Zermoglio Paula , Wieczorek John , Morris Paul , Nicholls Miles , Rees Emily Rose , Veiga Allan , Thompson Alexander , Saraiva Antonio , James Shelley , Gendreau Christian , Benson Abigail , Schigel Dmitry 
Published: March 2020

The quality of biodiversity data publicly accessible via aggregators such as GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), the ALA (Atlas of Living Australia), iDigBio (Integrated Digitized Biocollections), and OBIS (Ocean Biogeographic Information System) is often questioned, especially by the research community.
The Data Quality Interest Group, established by Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) and GBIF, has been engaged in four main activities: developing a framework for the assessment and management of data quality using a fitness for use approach; defining a core set of standardised tests and associated assertions based on Darwin Core terms; gathering and classifying user stories to form contextual-themed use cases, such as species distribution modelling, agrobiodiversity, and invasive species; and developing a standardised format for building and managing controlled vocabularies of values.
Using the developed framework, data quality profiles have been built from use cases to represent user needs. Quality assertions can then be used to filter data suitable for a purpose. The assertions can also be used to provide feedback to data providers and custodians to assist in improving data quality at the source. A case study, using two different implementations of tests and assertions based around the Darwin Core "Event Date" terms, were also tested against GBIF data, to demonstrate that the tests are implementation agnostic, can be run on large aggregated datasets, and can make biodiversity data more fit for typical research uses.
L’influence du lieu dans l’acquisition de compétences entrepreneuriales : le cas du séminaire BEST
Authors: Lecorche Vincent , Burger-Helmchen Thierry 
Published: March 2020

Bien que l’acquisition de compétences entrepreneuriales soit au cœur de la stratégie économique actuelle, il n’existe ni méthodologie de référence, ni de processus systématique pour transformer des individus en entrepreneurs. L’objectif de cet article est d’apprécier l’influence du lieu sur l’acquisition des compétences entrepreneuriales, et plus particulièrement celles de l’esprit d’entreprendre. Nous avons choisi d’étudier un cas distinctif, qui place le lieu et son contexte au centre de son dispositif d’apprentissage : l’université de Strasbourg organise ainsi chaque année, en collaboration avec l’université Petru Maior de Târgu Mureș en Roumanie, un séminaire intitulé « Boost your Entrepreneurial Skills in Transylvania » (BEST), destiné à des étudiants français, roumains et moldaves. À travers un recueil détaillé des données quantitatives et qualitatives propres à ce séminaire, nous montrons que le lieu et son contexte ont une influence directe sur la perception et l’acquisition par les étudiants des compétences entrepreneuriales.
Revolución y Constitución en España: miradas desde la prensa en Buenos Aires y Venezuela, 1820-1821
Authors: Rodríguez Tapia Andrea 
Published: March 2020

La presse hispano-américaine, aussi bien celle publiée dans les territoires qui restaient fidèles à Ferdinand VII que celle des groupes partisans de l’indépendance, rendit compte de l’insurrection commencée le 1er janvier 1820 par Rafael de Riego et de la nouvelle étape constitutionnelle dans la Péninsule. Cet article analyse et compare les nouvelles d’Espagne diffusées par plusieurs publications de Buenos Aires et du Venezuela, la Gaceta de Buenos Aires, la Gaceta de Caracas, l’Argos de Buenos Aires, et le Correo del Orinoco, afin d’observer quels furent les jugements portés sur l’Espagne, en matière de politique et de constitutionalisme, dans ces journaux entre 1820 et 1821.
Protein aggregates nucleate ice: the example of apoferritin
Authors: Cascajo-Castresana María , David Robert O. , Iriarte-Alonso Maiara A. , Bittner Alexander M. , Marcolli Claudia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Biological material has gained increasing attention recently as a source of
ice-nucleating particles that may account for cloud glaciation at moderate
supercooling. While the ice-nucleation (IN) ability of some bacteria can be
related to membrane-bound proteins with epitaxial fit to ice, little is
known about the IN-active entities present in biological material in
general. To elucidate the potential of proteins and viruses to contribute to
the IN activity of biological material, we performed bulk freezing
experiments with the newly developed drop freezing assay DRoplet Ice Nuclei Counter Zurich (DRINCZ), which
allows the simultaneous cooling of 96 sample aliquots in a chilled ethanol
bath. We performed a screening of common proteins, namely the iron storage
protein ferritin and its iron-free counterpart apoferritin, the milk protein
casein, the egg protein ovalbumin, two hydrophobins, and a yeast ice-binding
protein, all of which revealed IN activity with active site densities
> 0.1 mg−1 at −10 ∘C. The tobacco mosaic virus,
a plant virus based on helically assembled proteins, also proved to be IN
active with active site densities increasing from 100 mg−1 at
−14 ∘C to 10 000 mg−1 at −20 ∘C. Among the
screened proteins, the IN activity of horse spleen ferritin and apoferritin,
which form cages of 24 co-assembled protein subunits, proved to be
outstanding with active site densities > 10 mg−1 at
−5 ∘C. Investigation of the pH dependence and heat resistance of
the apoferritin sample confirmed the proteinaceous nature of its IN-active
entities but excluded the correctly folded cage monomer as the IN-active
species. A dilution series of apoferritin in water revealed two distinct
freezing ranges, an upper one from −4 to −11 ∘C and a lower one
from −11 to −21 ∘C. Dynamic light scattering measurements related
the upper freezing range to ice-nucleating sites residing on aggregates and
the lower freezing range to sites located on misfolded cage monomers or
oligomers. The sites proved to persist during several freeze–thaw cycles
performed with the same sample aliquots. Based on these results, IN activity
seems to be a common feature of diverse proteins, irrespective of their
function, but arising only rarely, most probably through defective folding
or aggregation to structures that are IN active.
Severe Californian wildfires in November 2018 observed from space: the carbon monoxide perspective
Authors: Schneising Oliver , Buchwitz Michael , Reuter Maximilian , Bovensmann Heinrich , Burrows John P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Due to proceeding climate change, some regions such as California face rising weather extremes with
dry periods becoming warmer and drier, entailing the risk that wildfires and associated air
pollution episodes will continue to increase. November 2018 turned into one of the most severe
wildfire episodes on record in California, with two particularly destructive wildfires spreading
concurrently through the north and the south of the state. Both fires ignited at the wildland–urban
interface, causing many civilian fatalities and forcing the total evacuation of several cities and
communities. Here we demonstrate that the inherent carbon monoxide (CO) emissions of the wildfires and
subsequent transport can be observed from space by analysing radiance measurements of the
TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) onboard the Sentinel-5 Precursor
satellite in the shortwave infrared spectral range. From the determined CO distribution we
assess the corresponding air quality burden in major Californian cities caused by the fires and
discuss the associated uncertainties. As a result of the prevailing wind conditions, the largest
CO load during the first days of the fires is found in Sacramento and San Francisco, with
city area averages reaching boundary layer concentration anomalies of about
2.5 mg CO m−3. Even the most polluted city scenes likely comply with the
national ambient air quality standards (10 mg CO m−3 with 8 h averaging
time). This finding based on dense daily recurrent satellite monitoring is consistent with isolated
ground-based air quality measurements.
Response of the low- to mid-latitude ionosphere to the geomagnetic storm of September 2017
Authors: Imtiaz Nadia , Younas Waqar , Khan Majid 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. We study the impact of the geomagnetic storm of 7–9 September 2017 on the low- to mid-latitude ionosphere.
The prominent feature of this solar event is the sequential occurrence of two SYM-H minima with values of −146 and −115 nT on 8 September at 01:08 and 13:56 UT, respectively.
The study is based on the analysis of data from the Global Positioning System (GPS) stations and magnetic observatories located at different longitudinal sectors corresponding to the Pacific, Asia, Africa and the Americas during the period 4–14 September 2017.
The GPS data are used to derive the global, regional and vertical total electron content (vTEC) in the four selected regions.
It is observed that the storm-time response of the vTEC over the Asian and Pacific sectors is earlier than over the African and American sectors.
Magnetic observatory data are used to illustrate the variation in the magnetic field particularly, in its horizontal component.
The global thermospheric neutral density ratio; i.e., O∕N2 maps obtained from the Global UltraViolet Spectrographic Imager (GUVI) on board the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite are used to characterize the storm-time response of the thermosphere.
These maps exhibit a significant storm-time depletion of the O∕N2 density ratio in the northern middle and lower latitudes over the western Pacific and American sectors as compared to the eastern Pacific, Asian and African sectors.
However, the positive storm effects in the O∕N2 ratio can be observed in the low latitudes and equatorial regions.
It can be deduced that the storm-time thermospheric and ionospheric responses are correlated.
Overall, the positive ionospheric storm effects appear over the dayside sectors which are associated with the ionospheric electric fields and the traveling atmospheric disturbances.
It is inferred that a variety of space weather phenomena such as the coronal mass ejection, the high-speed solar wind stream and the solar radio flux are the cause of multiple day enhancements of the vTEC in the low- to mid-latitude ionosphere during the period 4–14 September 2017.
Foraminiferal community response to seasonal anoxia in Lake Grevelingen (the Netherlands)
Authors: Richirt Julien , Riedel Bettina , Mouret Aurélia , Schweizer Magali , Langlet Dewi , Seitaj Dorina , Meysman Filip J. R. , Slomp Caroline P. , Jorissen Frans J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Over the last decades, hypoxia in marine coastal
environments has become more and more widespread, prolonged and intense.
Hypoxic events have large consequences for the functioning of benthic
ecosystems. In severe cases, they may lead to complete anoxia and the presence
of toxic sulfides in the sediment and bottom-water, thereby strongly
affecting biological compartments of benthic marine ecosystems. Within these
ecosystems, benthic foraminifera show a high diversity of ecological
responses, with a wide range of adaptive life strategies. Some species are
particularly resistant to hypoxia–anoxia, and consequently it is interesting
to study the whole foraminiferal community as well as species-specific
responses to such events. Here we investigated the temporal dynamics of
living benthic foraminiferal communities (recognised by
CellTracker™ Green) at two sites in the saltwater Lake
Grevelingen in the Netherlands. These sites are subject to seasonal anoxia
with different durations and are characterised by the presence of free
sulfide (H2S) in the uppermost part of the sediment. Our results
indicate that foraminiferal communities are impacted by the presence of
H2S in their habitat, with a stronger response in the case of longer
exposure times. At the deepest site (34 m), in summer 2012, 1 to 2
months of anoxia and free H2S in the surface sediment resulted in an
almost complete disappearance of the foraminiferal community. Conversely, at
the shallower site (23 m), where the duration of anoxia and free H2S
was shorter (1 month or less), a dense foraminiferal community was found
throughout the year except for a short period after the stressful event.
Interestingly, at both sites, the foraminiferal community showed a delayed
response to the onset of anoxia and free H2S, suggesting that the
combination of anoxia and free H2S does not lead to increased
mortality, but rather to strongly decreased reproduction rates. At the
deepest site, where highly stressful conditions prevailed for 1 to 2
months, the recovery time of the community takes about half a year. In Lake
Grevelingen, Elphidium selseyense and Elphidium magellanicum are much less affected by anoxia and free H2S than
Ammonia sp. T6. We hypothesise that this is not due to a higher tolerance for
H2S, but rather related to the seasonal availability of food sources,
which could have been less suitable for Ammonia sp. T6 than for the elphidiids.
Overview of the PALM model system 6.0
Authors: Maronga Björn , Banzhaf Sabine , Burmeister Cornelia , Esch Thomas , Forkel Renate , Fröhlich Dominik , Fuka Vladimir , Gehrke Katrin Frieda , Geletič Jan , Giersch Sebastian , Gronemeier Tobias , Groß Günter , Heldens Wieke , Hellsten Antti , Hoffmann Fabian , Inagaki Atsushi , Kadasch Eckhard , Kanani-Sühring Farah , Ketelsen Klaus , Khan Basit Ali , Knigge Christoph , Knoop Helge , Krč Pavel , Kurppa Mona , Maamari Halim , Matzarakis Andreas , Mauder Matthias , Pallasch Matthias , Pavlik Dirk , Pfafferott Jens , Resler Jaroslav , Rissmann Sascha , Russo Emmanuele , Salim Mohamed , Schrempf Michael , Schwenkel Johannes , Seckmeyer Gunther , Schubert Sebastian , Sühring Matthias , von Tils Robert , Vollmer Lukas , Ward Simon , Witha Björn , Wurps Hauke , Zeidler Julian , Raasch Siegfried 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In this paper, we describe the PALM model system 6.0. PALM (formerly an abbreviation for Parallelized Large-eddy Simulation Model and now an independent name) is a Fortran-based code and has been applied for studying a variety of atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for about 20 years. The model is optimized for use on massively parallel computer architectures. This is a follow-up paper to the PALM 4.0 model description in Maronga et al. (2015). During the last years, PALM has been significantly improved and now offers a variety of new components. In particular, much effort was made to enhance the model with components needed for applications in urban environments, like fully interactive land surface and radiation schemes, chemistry, and an indoor model. This paper serves as an overview paper of the PALM 6.0 model system and we describe its current model core. The individual components for urban applications, case studies, validation runs, and issues with suitable input data are presented and discussed in a series of companion papers in this special issue.
L’intime et le politique. Le corps de
l’enfant entre recherche scientifique et action publique
Authors: Diasio Nicoletta , Sirota Régine , Hamelin-Brabant Louise 
Published: March 2020

Cadre de la recherche : L’article
questionne la dimension prise par le corps de l’enfant dans les sociétés
contemporaines et son influence dans les dispositifs de recherche scientifique
et d’intervention publique.
Objectifs : L’objectif est de montrer
les enjeux politiques du corps, de la santé et de la vie des enfants, leurs
manifestations historiques entre la fin du 18e et le
début du 21e siècle, la manière dont s’y croisent
sphère scientifique, débats sociétaux, contextes institutionnels et politiques
publiques.
Méthodologie : Cette introduction se
fonde sur une revue de littérature pluridisciplinaire qui mobilise des sources
dans le domaine de la sociologie, de l’anthropologie, de l’histoire, des
sciences de l’éducation. Elle est également issue d’une longue expérience de
recherche des autrices dans des programmes de recherche collectifs focalisés sur
le corps et la santé des enfants.
Résultats : L’intérêt pour le corps de
l’enfant n’est pas un phénomène récent. Il se développe d’abord dans le creuset
de la lutte contre la mortalité infantile, puis d’une biopolitique visant à
établir ou renforcer les Etats-nations, et enfin d’un processus de
médicalisation de la société, de transformations éducatives, familiales,
scolaires qui mettent l’enfance au cœur de nombreuses politiques publiques.
L’évolution du statut de l’enfant, la reconnaissance de son statut d’acteur, sa
sacralisation conjuguée aux inquiétudes et incertitudes produites par
l’évolution des normativités familiales, ont occasionné de nombreux programmes
de recherche et d’intervention
Conclusions : Autour du corps des
enfants, les sphères politico-administrative et scientifique entrent en
dialogue, s’ignorant à des moments, se renforçant à d’autres, puisant leur
légitimation dans des registres différents de normativité. Cette interaction
finit par influencer la démarche des chercheurs, leur positionnement, ainsi que
la place des enfants dans les pratiques de la recherche
Contribution : Nous montrons les formes
spécifiques du « corps politique » quand il se réfère aux enfants : le rapport
au temps ; les pratiques de bornage de l’entrée en existence et des âges de la
vie ; l’importance des passages ; les concurrences et les conflits normatifs
entre les différents acteurs ; des conditions d’existence et des rapports de
pouvoir qui segmentent les enfances et produisent des vies inégales. Savoirs et
expertises sont devenus un mode de légitimation de la mise en place des actions
publiques à l’égard de l’enfance, même si leur circulation entre monde
scientifique et arènes politiques n’est pas toujours linéaire ou aisée.
The Personal and the Political. The Child’s Body: Scientific Research and Public
Policy
Authors: Diasio Nicoletta , Sirota Régine , Hamelin-Brabant Louise , Baslyk Valentina 
Published: March 2020

Research Framework: This article examines the
significance of the child’s body in contemporary societies and its influence on
apparatus of scientific research and public intervention.
Objectives: The objective is to show the
politics of children’s bodies, health and lives, their historical manifestations
between the late 18th and early 21st century and the way in which science, societal
debates, and institutional and public policy contexts intersect.
Methodology: This introduction is based on a
multidisciplinary literature review that draws on sources in the fields of
sociology, anthropology, history, and educational sciences. It is also the result of
many years of research by the authors in collective research programs focused on
children’s bodies and health.
Results: Interest in the child’s body is not a
recent phenomenon. It developed first in the crucible of the struggle against infant
mortality, then in a biopolitics aimed at establishing or strengthening
nation-states, and lastly in the medicalization of society and in changes in
education and the family that put childhood at the heart of many public policies.
The evolution of the status of the child, of being recognized as an actor and
treated as sacred, combined with the concerns and uncertainties resulting from
evolving family norms, have given rise to numerous programs of research and
intervention.
Conclusions: The politico-administrative and
scientific spheres engage in dialogue on the subject of the child’s body, sometimes
ignoring and sometimes reinforcing one other, drawing their legitimacy from
different registers of normativity.
Contribution: We show the specific forms of the
“body politic” when it refers to children: its relationship to time; the practices
of defining its entry into existence and its stages through life; the importance of
transitions; the competition and normative conflicts between various actors;
conditions of existence and power relations that segment childhoods and produce
unequal lives. Knowledge and expertise have become a means of legitimizing the
implementation of public actions with regard to childhood, although their flow
between the scientific world and political arenas is not always linear or easy.
Le corps enfantin, un espace
d’affrontement normatif et un enjeu de pouvoir scientificopolitique
Authors: Neyrand Gérard 
Published: March 2020

Cadre de la recherche : L’article
s’attache à décrire la prise en compte de l’enfant et de son corps dans le
développement de la politique de gestion des populations en France, à partir de
l’itinéraire de recherche de l’auteur sur ces sujets depuis trente ans.
Objectifs : Son objectif est de rendre
compte de la place grandissante de l’enfant dans la gestion politique, en
partant de l’expérience de l’auteur depuis sa première recherche postdoctorale
en 1982 jusqu’à la période contemporaine.
Méthodologie : Pour cela, l’auteur
reprend une grande part de son travail de recherche, en le contextualisant au
regard de la variation des problématiques offertes dans les appels d’offres
selon les périodes et les gouvernements en place.
Résultats : Cet article démontre la
place grandissante de cette préoccupation pour le politique et sa formalisation
croissante à travers le développement des recherches, parallèlement à
l’évolution des connaissances que la gestion politique de la recherche en
sciences humaines et sociales a en grande part suscitée et au renouvellement de
la normativité ainsi produite.
Conclusions : Est ainsi montrée la
complexité avec laquelle évoluent les problématiques de recherche en sciences
humaines et sociales en matière d’enfance, au carrefour des mutations sociales
et des mœurs, des ruptures de positionnement politique liées aux changements de
gouvernement, des évolutions des problématiques de recherche liées au contexte
épistémologique, des modes intellectuelles qui les accompagnent et de
l’encadrement de l’évolution sociale par le renouvellement des lois.
Contribution : Contribution
à l’analyse de ce que Edgar Morin nomme la complexité, et qui trouve dans les
politiques de l’enfance une expression privilégiée.