bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realization of Wafer‐Scale 1T‐MoS2 Film for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Kim Hyeong‐U. , Kim Mansu , Seok Hyunho , Park Kyu‐Young , Moon Ji‐Yun , Park Jonghwan , An Byeong‐Seon , Jung Hee Joon , Dravid Vinayak P. , Whang Dongmok , Lee Jae‐Hyun , Kim Taesung 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe octahedral structure of 2D molybdenum disulfide (1T‐MoS2) has attracted attention as a high‐efficiency and low‐cost electrocatalyst for hydrogen production. However, the large‐scale synthesis of 1T‐MoS2 films has not been realized because of higher formation energy compared to that of the trigonal prismatic phase (2H)‐MoS2. In this study, a uniform wafer‐scale synthesis of the metastable 1T‐MoS2 film is performed by sulfidation of the Mo metal layer using a plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE‐CVD) system. Thus, plasma‐containing highly reactive ions and radicals of the sulfurization precursor enable the synthesis of 1T‐MoS2 at 150 °C. Electrochemical analysis of 1T‐MoS2 shows enhanced catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) compared to that of previously reported MoS2 electrocatalysts 1T‐MoS2 does not transform into stable 2H‐MoS2 even after 1000 cycles of HER. The proposed low‐temperature synthesis approach may offer a promising solution for the facile production of various metastable‐phase 2D materials.
Some new efficient mean–variance portfolio selection models
Authors: Dai Zhifeng , Kang Jie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe poor out‐of‐sample performance of mean–variance portfolio model is mainly caused by estimation errors in the covariance matrix and the mean return, especially the mean return vector. Meanwhile, in financial practice, what most investors actually like is to hold a few stocks in their portfolio. The goal of this paper is to propose some new efficient mean–variance portfolio selection models by considering the following aspects: (i) use the L1‐regularization in objective function to obtain sparse portfolio; (ii) use the shrinkage method of Ledoit and Wolf, Journal of Economics Financial, 2003, 10, 603–621 to estimate the covariance matrix; (iii) use the robust optimization method to mitigate the estimation errors of the expected return. Finally, empirical analysis demonstrates that the proposed strategies have better out‐of‐sample performance.
The effect of integration processes of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa on the economic growth of the member states
Authors: Haiyun Liu , Yahia Yassin Elshain , Hossain Md Ismail , Shah Sayyed Sadaqat Hussain 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study aims to identify the significant effects of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) integration processes on the economic growth of the member states over the period 2004–2016. By applying the system generalized method of moments (GMM) technique, the results show that the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, with a 1‐year lag, has a robust effect on economic growth. Both per capita domestic value‐added (PCDVA) and institutional quality (IQ) exhibit a positive impact on economic growth in the long‐run performance compared to the short‐run performance. Human capital (HC) suggests statistical significance and adverse impact on economic growth in the short and long runs. However, our key variable of interest, namely the regional integration dummy variable (free trade area, FTA), has no robust effect on economic growth and exhibits insignificant effects across all interaction models and shows “inverted‐U interaction relationships” with trade openness, intra‐community export, and PCDVA. Other regional economic communities shows a statistically significant negative effect on the GDP per capita in both the short and long runs as well as in its interactions with FTA. The study suggests, among others, that there is a need for COMESA to address the issue of overlapping membership and to promote appropriate PCDVA, IQ, financial development, and HC policies and strategies to boost the economic growth of the member states.
Measuring panoramic radiomorphometric indices for mandible bone using active shape model and Bayesian information criterion‐support vector machine
Authors: Rafati Mehravar , Farnia Fateme , Romoozi Elham , Nickfarjam Ali Mohammad , Hosseini Farahnaz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article proposes an automatic method based on a combination of active shape model (ASM) and nonlinear support vector machine (SVM) accompanied with Bayesian information criterion which is utilized in order to measure radiomorphometric indices for digital X‐ray panoramic system. After omitting Poisson noise of input images, the image is divided. It attempts to choose suitable region of interest (ROI) in order to extract indices. This region becomes small and smaller during some steps until the final ROI is found and the mandible's cortex and ramus are detected. Finally, because of measuring the required parameters, ASM and SVM are used in order to evaluate exact setting of the detected region. Experimental results show no significant differences between right and left sides in terms of mental index (MI), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), gonial angle (GA), gonial index (GI), antegonial index (AGI), ramus height (RH), and ramus width (RW); however, in terms of GI and AGI for both sexes. There are significant differences between men and women for all indices in the mandible (P‐value <.05). There was a mild negative significant correlation among GA and MI, GI, AGI and a moderate negative significant correlation among GA and PMI, RH, RW for both genders (P‐value <.05). Besides, it has been shown measuring the panoramic indices provide useful information about trauma and prediction of asymptomatic subjects with osteoporosis at an earlier step.
Green and efficient Beckmann rearrangement by Cu(II) contained nano‐silica triazine based dendrimer in water
Authors: Bahreininejad Mohammad Hasan , Moeinpour Farid 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this research, a Cu(II) contained nano‐silica triazine based dendrimer was prepared, characterized, and utilized as a retrievable catalytic system (Cu(II)‐TrDen@nSiO2) for green formation of primary amides in water at room temperature. The structure of nanoparticles was fully characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The results revealed that the nanoparticles have spherical morphology and an average size of around 40 nm. The analysis also illustrated that the copper nanoparticles had been successfully loaded on the nitrogen‐rich dendritic structure with a uniform distribution. The inductively coupled plasma analysis showed that about 0.67 mmol/g of Cu was loaded on the Cu(II)‐TrDen@nSiO2support. Mild reaction conditions, excellent yields, environment‐friendly synthesis, and easily prepared starting materials are the key features of the present method. The catalyst is easily removed from the reaction media using a simple filtration and can be re‐used at least five times without any considerable loss of its catalytic activity.
Quantitative Evaluation of Subglottic Stenosis Using Ultrashort Echo Time MRI in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Gandhi Deep B. , Rice Andrew , Gunatilaka Chamindu C. , Higano Nara S. , Fleck Robert J. , de Alarcon Alessandro , Hart Catherine K. , Kuo I‐Chun , Amin Raouf S. , Woods Jason C. , Hysinger Erik B. , Bates Alister J. 
Published: January 2021

Objective/HypothesisTo assess the ability of ultra‐short echo time (UTE)‐MRI to detect subglottic stenosis (SGS) and evaluate response to balloon dilation. To correlate measurements from UTE‐MRI with endotracheal‐tube (ETT)‐sizing and to investigate whether SGS causes change in airway dynamics.Study DesignAnimal research study.MethodsEight adult New‐Zealand white rabbits were used as they approximate neonatal airway‐size. The airways were measured using ETT‐sizing and 3D UTE‐MRI at baseline, 2 weeks post‐cauterization induced SGS injury, and post‐balloon dilation treatment. UTE‐MR images were acquired to determine airway anatomy and motion. Airways were segmented from MR images. Cross‐sectional area (CSA), major and minor diameters (Dmajor and Dminor), and eccentricity were measured.ResultsPost‐injury CSA at SGS was significantly reduced (mean 38%) compared to baseline (P = .003) using UTE‐MRI. ETT‐sizing correlated significantly with MRI‐measured CSA at the SGS location (r = 0.6; P < .01), particularly at the post‐injury timepoint (r = 0.93; P < .01). Outer diameter from ETT‐sizing (OD) correlated significantly with Dmajor (r = 0.63; P < .01) from UTE‐MRI at the SGS location, especially for the post‐injury timepoint (r = 0.91; P < .01). Mean CSA of upper trachea did not change significantly between end‐expiration and end‐inspiration at any timepoint (all P > .05). Eccentricity of the upper trachea increased significantly post‐balloon dilation (P < .05).ConclusionsUTE‐MRI successfully detected SGS and treatment response in the rabbit model, with good correlation to ETT‐sizing. Balloon dilation increased CSA at SGS, but not to baseline values. SGS did not alter dynamic motion for the trachea in this rabbit model; however, tracheas were significantly eccentric post‐balloon dilation. UTE‐MRI can detect SGS without sedation or ionizing radiation and may be a non‐invasive alternative to ETT‐sizing.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:E1971–E1979, 2021
Stretchable and highly sensitive strain sensor based on conductive polymer aerogel for human physiological information detection
Authors: Wu Hanguang , Chen Hongwu , Yao Pengjun , Wang Rui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWearable sensors with conductive polymer as the sensing material exhibit the combined advantages including comfortable attachment above epidermis, regulable configurations, and cost‐effective fabrication. It is highly desired to fabricate the conductive polymer‐based strain sensor that can precisely detect all the human physiological information. In this paper, we report a high‐performance strain sensor with the H2SO4 doped poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4‐styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) sensing network. This sensor exhibits comprehensive properties integrating high sensitivity (gauge factor up to 32), excellent stability (> 2000 cycles), and wide strain range detectability (0.1% to 70% strain). This sensor is attractive and promising for the practical full‐range detection of human physiological information from subtle vital signs to large human motions.
Retaining volunteers for the cause: Hope and pride associated with cause‐related charity events in cancer control
Authors: Legg Melissa , Hyde Melissa K. , Chambers Suzanne K. , Ng Shu‐Kay , Scuffham Paul , Stein Kevin , Dunn Jeff 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSpecial charity events are an important source of revenue for non‐profit organisations in cancer control yet volunteering is declining and turnover is high. Experiences at cause‐related events may influence retention, particularly emotions connected to the cause and ceremonies which honour cancer survivors and remember loved ones. We explore the degree to which emotions associated with cause‐related volunteering and collective action in the literature are felt in response to Relay For Life and what emotions predict three indicators of retention: intention to return for future events, satisfaction with volunteering, and organisational commitment. Volunteers (n = 410) completed a cross‐sectional survey at Relay For Life events in Queensland, Australia. Multiple regression analyses examined whether emotions associated with events predicted each indicator of retention, adjusting for number of years spent volunteering for events. Sixty‐two percent reported an intention to return the following year. The most commonly reported event‐related emotions were hope, pride, and empathy (62–69%). Intention to return, satisfaction, and commitment were each significantly predicted by hope and pride. The findings suggest special charity events in cancer control could retain volunteers by fostering pride and hope (e.g., for a cancer free future); however, future prospective research which examines the mechanisms of these relationships is warranted.
Assessing the Field of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine's Interest in Expanding Fellowship Training to Pediatricians
Authors: Pruitt David W. , Zigler Christina K. , Massagli Teresa L. , Houtrow Amy J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTraining opportunities to pursue a career in pediatric rehabilitation medicine (PRM) have evolved over the last 40 years, with the most recent change being the development and accreditation of PRM fellowships and subspecialty certification in PRM. Currently the American Board of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (ABPMR) requires all candidates for PRM subspecialty certification to have completed a physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) residency. The small number of certified PRM physicians has prompted debate within the field about permitting pediatricians to enter PRM fellowships without having to complete a PM&R residency.ObjectiveTo assess the level of interest within the field of PRM in creating a pathway to PRM for pediatricians.DesignSurvey of pediatric physiatrists in the United States in 2017.SettingNational.ParticipantsPediatric physiatrists.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasurementsFavorability toward pediatricians becoming certified in PRM.ResultsMost respondents (62%) were in favor of pediatricians having the opportunity to pursue training in PRM, with an increase in support (70%) after being introduced to workforce issues in PRM. Training time for pediatricians was the largest concern identified by respondents who were not in favor (80%), with additional themes identified including dilution of the essence of the field and operationalization issues.ConclusionsWith a small number of practicing pediatric physiatrists, the growing number of children with disabilities, and the limited access to our services, most pediatric physiatrists are in agreement that it is time to consider the opportunity to expand the PRM workforce by creating a fellowship pathway to subspecialty board certification in PRM after pediatric residency.
Tailoring virtual human‐delivered interventions: A digital intervention promoting colorectal cancer screening for Black women
Authors: Vilaro Melissa J. , Wilson‐Howard Danyell S. , Griffin Lauren N. , Tavassoli Fatemeh , Zalake Mohan S. , Lok Benjamin C. , Modave Francois P. , George Thomas J. , Carek Peter J. , Krieger Janice L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveDespite efforts to reduce cancer disparities, Black women remain underrepresented in cancer research. Virtual health assistants (VHAs) are one promising digital technology for communicating health messages and promoting health behaviors to diverse populations. This study describes participant responses to a VHA‐delivered intervention promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) screening with a home‐stool test.MethodsWe recruited 53 non‐Hispanic Black women 50 to 73 years old to participate in focus groups and think‐aloud interviews and test a web‐based intervention delivered by a race‐ and gender‐concordant VHA. A user‐centered design approach prioritized modifications to three successive versions of the intervention based on participants' comments.ResultsParticipants identified 26 cues relating to components of the VHA's credibility, including trustworthiness, expertise, and authority. Comments on early versions revealed preferences for communicating with a human doctor and negative critiques of the VHA's appearance and movements. Modifications to specific cues improved the user experience, and participants expressed increased willingness to engage with later versions of the VHA and the screening messages it delivered. Informed by the Modality, Agency, Interactivity, Navigability Model, we present a framework for developing credible VHA‐delivered cancer screening messages.ConclusionsVHAs provide a systematic way to deliver health information. A culturally sensitive intervention designed for credibility promoted user interest in engaging with guideline‐concordant CRC screening messages. We present strategies for effectively using cues to engage audiences with health messages, which can be applied to future research in varying contexts.
Ullmann Coupling Reaction of Bicyclic Amidines DBU/DBN with Aryl Halides: A Pathway to the Synthesis of ϵ‐Caprolactam Derivatives
Authors: Babu Gogu V. Surendra , Bhaskaran Aathira , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Rao Tumula Venkateshwar , Parvathaneni Sai Prathima 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper demonstrates a selective, mild approach to Ullmann amination of aryl halides to synthesizeN‐alkylated derivatives of ϵ‐caprolactam. The synthetic route involves anin‐situring‐opening of 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐8‐ene (DBU) followed by concurrent arylation with aryl halides in the presence of copper iodide as a catalyst under ligand‐free conditions. This method provides a new entry to a wide variety of ϵ‐caprolactam derivatives in good to excellent yields in a single synthetic sequence. Similarly, other bicyclic amidines such as 1, 5‐diazabicyclo‐[4.3.0]non‐5‐ene (DBN), and 1,5,7 triazabicyclo[4.4.0] dec‐5‐ene (TBD) also showed good to very high reactivity.Azepan‐2‐one, or Caprolactam, is an important synthon in polymer chemistry and has a global demand as it is employed to make Nylon 6 filament, fiber, and plastics.[1]The global caprolactam market size is expected to expand for the growing textile industry with rising demand for plastics in the construction of automotive, electrical, and electronic sectors. Additionally, technological advancements aimed at improving the cost‐effective manufacturing process of caprolactam, to minimize the release of hazardous waste into the environment is of vital necessity. Derivatives of ϵ‐caprolactam are of interest for the production of modified nylons[2]and nanogels.[3]Several Azepinones and their analogs play an important role in medicinal chemistry,[4]used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs including Benazepril,[5]Telcagepant,[6]and Ivabradine.[7]
Integrating of Aqueous Enzymolysis with Ethanolic Ultrasonication to Ameliorate Cordycepin Content from Vietnamese Cordyceps militaris and Biological Analysis of Extracts
Authors: Thanh Vuong Hoai , Le Thao My Phan , Do Dat Tran , Viet Nguyen Duc , Phuc Nguyen Cao Minh , Thao Ngo Hong , Nam Hoang Minh , Phong Mai Thanh , Hieu Nguyen Huu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, the employment of aqueous enzymolysis using alcalase with ethanolic ultrasonication extraction method was investigated. The cordycepin content was analyzed by using reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. The result showed that the highest cordycepin content of 0.4365±0.0309 mg/g could be obtained under extraction conditions including total enzyme volume of 240 μL, incubation time of 50 min, incubation temperature of 55 °C, and ultrasonic power of 840 W. The comparative studies of antioxidant activities of the extract were determined in terms of the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, ferric ion reducing power assay, and H2O2 scavenging assay. Additionally, the MTT assay was conducted to evaluate the anticancer activities of the extract, illustrating the cytotoxic property against Hep‐G2 cancer cells with the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 12.20±0.03 μg/mL compared to that of 0.36±0.03 μg/mL for ellipticine, MCF‐7 cancer cells with the IC50 value of 11.60±0.09 μg/mL compared to that of 0.51±0.04 μg/mL for ellipticine, and Lu cancer cells with the IC50 value of 34.50±0.25 μg/mL compared to that of 0.32±0.03 μg/mL for ellipticine.
Amino‐Decorated Activated Carbon Fibers with Efficient Static Adsorptivity for Low‐Concentration Formaldehyde Gas in a Confined Space
Authors: Yu Junwei , Wu Jiahao , Li Manjia , Zhou Fan , Xiao Qinglin , Zhang Shengnan , Li Chen , Zhu Bo , Qiao Kun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo develop an absorbent with high removal rate and adsorptivity for low‐concentration formaldehyde (FA) gas, amino‐decorated viscose‐based activated carbon fiber (VACF‐N) was synthesized by ethylenediamine (EDA) grafting process on the surface of viscose‐based activated carbon fiber (VACF). A simulated static adsorption of low‐concentration FA gas in a confined space was used as research target. For 2.45 and 8.15 ppm of FA gas, both the FA removal rate and the adsorptivity of VACF‐N were enhanced significantly after the EDA grafting process. The maximum of FA adsorptivity was 0.59 mg/g (1.92 times that of pristine VACF) for 2.45 ppm FA gases and 1.17 mg/g for 8.15 ppm FA gases. In particular, FA removal rate reached 100 % in only 28 minutes under the static adsorption of 2.45 ppm of FA gas. Predictably, VACF‐N has wide application prospects in the field of low‐concentration FA gas purification in a confined space.
Reactivity and Charge Transfer Beyond the Parabolic Model: the “|Δμ| Big is Good” Principle
Authors: Miranda‐Quintana Ramón Alain , Ayers Paul W. , Heidar‐Zadeh Farnaz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe discuss an extension of the venerable Parr‐Pearson parabolic charge transfer model that explicitly includes 3rd order effects. We then use this new model to provide new arguments supporting the validity of Parr and Yang's “|Δμ| big is good” (DMB) principle. Additionally, we show how to re‐derive this principle from the Parr‐Pearson parabolic model, using simpler arguments than those presented in our previous proof of the DMB rule.
Humic acid: A Biodegradable Organocatalyst for Solvent‐free Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes, Bis(pyrazolyl)methanes, Bis‐coumarins and Bis‐lawsones
Authors: Mitra Bijeta , Ghosh Pranab 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHumic acid, a biodegradable, non‐toxic and easily accessible high molecular weight organocatalyst has been explored for the straightforward and environmentally benign approach towards the preparation of diverse array of functionalized bis(indolyl)methanes, bis(pyrazolyl)methanes, bis‐coumarins and bis‐lawsones by the reaction of a vast range of aldehydes with indole, 3‐methyl‐1‐phenyl pyrazolone, 4‐hydroxycoumarin and 2‐hydroxynaphthalene‐1,4‐dione respectively under solvent‐free condition. These protocols proceed without any hazardous solvents, toxic metal catalysts and harsh reaction conditions. In addition, low catalyst loading, good yield and excellent functional group tolerance are the key advantages of these protocols. The used catalyst and solvent‐free approach make this strategy safe to our mother earth. For the first time reusability of humic acid was investigated and found that it can be recycled up to fifth run without any significant loss of its activity at the end of the reaction. Some bioactive molecules such as arundine, trisindoline and vibribdole A were easily synthesized in our lab by utilizing this designed strategy.
Knoevenagel‐Friedel‐Crafts‐Hemiketalization Triple Cascade Reaction: A Diastereoselective Formal [1+2+3] Cyclization Towards Indenonaphthopyran Scaffolds
Authors: Settipalli Poorna Chandrasekhar , Reddy Yeruva Pavankumar , Gudise Veera Babu , Anwar Shaik 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA simple and efficient cascade reactionviaformal [1+2+3] cyclization of 1,3‐indanedione, aldehyde and 2‐naphthol is reported using K2CO3as a base. The advantage includes metal‐free conditions, varied substrate scope and shortened reaction duration with high diastereoselectivity (i. e., 99 : 1) resulting in the formation of two carbon‐carbon as well as two carbon‐oxygen bonds through Knoevenagel‐Friedel‐Crafts‐Hemiketalization sequence resulting in three contiguous stereocenters.