bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quisqualis indica extract ameliorates low urinary tract symptoms in testosterone propionate-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia rats
Authors: Kim Dae-geon , Kwon Hyo-Jeong , Lim Jong-Hwan , Kim Joo-heon , Lee Kyu Pil 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBenign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in old-age males, accounting for approximately 77% of morbidity within the age range of 40 to 70 years. It has been shown that morbidity increases with social graying. Quisqualis indica linn (QI) has been used to treat inflammation, stomach pain, and digestion problems. In this study, we evaluated the symptom-regulating effects of QI extract on a testosterone-induced BPH rat model. After inducing BPH in rats using testosterone propionate (TP) injection, we assessed basal intraurethral pressure (IUP) and increments of IUP elicited by electrical field stimulation (5 V, 5, 10, or 20 Hz) or phenylephrine (Phe) (0.01, 0.03, 0.1 mg/kg IV). To induce BPH, 8-week-old rats were subjected to a daily subcutaneous TP (3 mg/kg) injection for 4 weeks. Finasteride (Fina) (10 mg/kg PO) was administered to the rats in the first treatment, while QI (150 mg/kg PO) was administered to those in the second group. Blood pressure was measured together with IUP, after which low urinary tract (LUT), ventral prostate (VP), testicle, and corpus spongiosum were isolated and weighed. Basal IUPs for the Fina- and QI-treated groups were 87.6 and 86.8%, respectively.LUT and VP organ weights in the QI group were lower than those in the Fina group. However, the QI group showed significantly reduced electrical stimulated or Phe-induced IUP increment compared to the Fina and BPH groups. These results proved that QI can be beneficial for BPH symptoms by inhibiting 5α-reductase and consequently decreasing prostate and releasing urinary pressure.
Early high-fat feeding improves histone modifications of skeletal muscle at middle-age in mice
Authors: Yoshie Toshihiro , Saito Chiharu , Kawano Fuminori 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate how the effects of high-fat diet feeding on the skeletal muscle persisted during aging using mice. Post-weaned male mice were fed a high-fat diet between 1- and 3-mo-old followed by return to supply a normal diet until 13-mo-old. Monthly physical tests demonstrated that age-related glucose intolerance that was generally developed after 10-mo-old in the control mice was significantly improved in mice fed a high-fat diet. Interestingly, mRNA expressions of Pdk4, Ucp3, and Zmynd17 were up-regulated by high-fat feeding and persisted in the tibialis anterior muscle until 13-mo-old. At Pdk4 and Ucp3 loci, enhanced distributions of active histone modifications were noted in the high-fat-fed mice at 13-mo-old. In contrast, age-related accumulation of histone variant H3.3 at these loci was suppressed. These results indicated that epigenetic modifications caused by early nutrition mediated the changes in skeletal muscle gene expression during aging.
Diagnostic utility of median nerve CSA to ulnar nerve CSA ratio in the diagnosis of mild idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: El-Bahnasawy Amany Salama , Senna Mohammad K. , Okasha Amr El-Sayed , Gharbia Ola 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Ultrasonography (US) measurement of median nerve cross-sectional area (m-CSA) at pisiform is increasingly utilized in identification of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), but there is still no agreement about the ideal cut-off value to employ. The aim of the study was to explore whether the median CSA to ulnar CSA ratio at the level of pisiform may yield a more accurate diagnosis of CTS. The study included 50 patients with mild idiopathic CTS (ICTS), assessed clinically and by nerve conduction studies, and 50 matched controls. M-CSA, median nerve flattening ratio and swelling ratio (m-SR), palmer bowing, and median CSA to ulnar CSA ratio (m-CAS:u-CSA) were measured for patients and controls. The cutoff values for the US parameters for the diagnosis of ICTS were evaluated.

Results
Compared to the control group, the ICTS group had significantly higher m-CSA (p < 0.001), higher m-CSA:u-CSA ratio (p < 0.001), higher m-SR (p = 0.012, and higher palmar bowing (p < 0.001). Use of m-CSA cutoff value of 11.78 mm2 and CSA:u-CSA ratio cut-off point of 2.97 yielded the greatest sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of ICTS.

Conclusion
The m-CSA:u-CSA ratio is slightly superior to the m-CSA in the diagnosis of CTS in terms of sensitivity and specificity.
A new method for calculating bulk density in pulsed neutron-gamma density logging
Authors: Wang Hu , Wu Wensheng , Tang Tianzhi , Wang Ruigang , Yue Aizhong , Wang Shusheng , Yang Chao , Fu Xinyue 
Published: August 2020

Formation density is one of the most important parameters in formation evaluation. Radioisotope chemical sources are used widely in conventional gamma-gamma density (GGD) logging. Considering security and environmental risks, there has been growing interest in pulsed neutron generators in place of the radioactive-chemical source in using bulk-density measurements. However, there still is the requirement of high accuracy of the neutron-gamma density (NGD) calculation. Pair production is one of the factors influencing the accuracy of the results, which should be considered. We have adopted a method, based on the difference between the inelastic gamma-ray response of high- and low-energy windows, to reduce the impact of pair production upon calculating the bulk density. A new density estimation algorithm is derived based on the coupled-field theory and gamma-ray attenuation law in NGD logging. We analyze the NGD measurement accuracy with different mineral types, porosity, and pore fluid and determine the influence of the borehole environment on NGD logging. The Monte Carlo simulation results indicate that the improved processing algorithm limits the influence of the mineral type, porosity, or pore fluid. The NGD measurement accuracy is ±0.025 g/cm3in shale-free formations, which is close to the GGD measurement (±0.015 g/cm3). Our results also show that the borehole environment has a significant impact on NGD measurement. Therefore, it is necessary to take the influence of the borehole parameters into account in NGD measurements. Combined with Monte Carlo simulation cases, we evaluate the application results of the new density estimation algorithm in various model wells.
SMRT Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis and Adipose Tissue Macrophage Phenotypes in Tandem
Authors: Kahn Jonathan H , Goddi Anna , Sharma Aishwarya , Heiman Joshua , Carmona Alanis , Li Yan , Hoffman Alexandria , Schoenfelt Kelly , Ye Honggang , Bobe Alexandria M , Becker Lev , Hollenberg Anthony N , Cohen Ronald N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Silencing Mediator of Retinoid and Thyroid Hormone Receptors (SMRT) is a nuclear corepressor, regulating the transcriptional activity of many transcription factors critical for metabolic processes. While the importance of the role of SMRT in the adipocyte has been well-established, our comprehensive understanding of its in vivo function in the context of homeostatic maintenance is limited due to contradictory phenotypes yielded by prior generalized knockout mouse models. Multiple such models agree that SMRT deficiency leads to increased adiposity, although the effects of SMRT loss on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity have been variable. We therefore generated an adipocyte-specific SMRT knockout (adSMRT-/-) mouse to more clearly define the metabolic contributions of SMRT. In doing so, we found that SMRT deletion in the adipocyte does not cause obesity—even when mice are challenged with a high-fat diet. This suggests that adiposity phenotypes of previously described models were due to effects of SMRT loss beyond the adipocyte. However, an adipocyte-specific SMRT deficiency still led to dramatic effects on systemic glucose tolerance and adipocyte insulin sensitivity, impairing both. This metabolically deleterious outcome was coupled with a surprising immune phenotype, wherein most genes differentially expressed in the adipose tissue of adSMRT-/- mice were upregulated in pro-inflammatory pathways. Flow cytometry and conditioned media experiments demonstrated that secreted factors from knockout adipose tissue strongly informed resident macrophages to develop a pro-inflammatory, MMe (metabolically activated) phenotype. Together, these studies suggest a novel role for SMRT as an integrator of metabolic and inflammatory signals to maintain physiological homeostasis.
All in a Day's Walk? The Gendered Geography of Native Migration in Colonial Chiapas and Guatemala
Authors: Komisaruk Catherine 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The census records of some Indian towns (pueblos de indios) in colonial Chiapas and Guatemala present a puzzle: remarkably uneven gender ratios. This article explores gendered migration as a possible explanation. Previous studies show that the labor markets of colonial Latin American cities attracted mainly female migrants, and this article hypothesizes that people were more likely to migrate if they could make the trip between dawn and dusk. I use Google Maps, as well as colonial writings, to estimate travel times between a sample of Indian pueblos and their closest colonial cities. I then analyze gender ratios in census records from those pueblos. The results suggest that Indian pueblos with large male majorities were generally within a day's walk of a colonial city. Presumably, the male majorities indicate high rates of female out-migration for work in the cities. The article's conclusion discusses impacts that gendered out-migration likely had on sending communities.
Erasing Las Yaguas: Shantytown Networks and Social Reform in the Cuban Revolution, 1944–1963
Authors: Horst Jesse 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Shortly after the Cuban Revolution of 1959, the government eradicated Havana's most famous shantytown, Las Yaguas. This essay traces more than a decade of negotiations between shantytown networks and government officials that preceded the eradication. While previous scholarship has made virtually no mention of pre-1959 policies, many aspects of post-1959 slum clearance grew directly from earlier initiatives. These policies were shaped by two overlapping types of disputes: those about property, and those about poverty. Over time, officials sought to neutralize activism around property and local autonomy, focusing on social welfare and rehabilitation instead. Shantytown leaders used this compromise to maximize claims for social assistance after 1959. Yet the relocations also reaffirmed long-standing stigmas against the urban poor, labeling them as passive or noncompliant. In the end, Las Yaguas residents were defined as beneficiaries, not heroes, of the Cuban Revolution.
Outline, Brushwork, and the Epigraphic Aesthetic in Huang Yi's Engraved Texts of the Lesser Penglai Pavilion (1800)
Authors: Hatch Michael J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In 1800 Huang Yi published Engraved Texts of the Lesser Penglai Pavilion, reproducing his collection of antique rubbings as well as the later inscriptions added to them by scholars. The original rubbings were made from ancient inscribed stone monuments, and the book's immediate audience was the aficionados of such objects, scholars of epigraphy and evidential research. A technique that exactly conveyed the material condition of those aged rubbings was important to these scholars. Huang Yi chose the outline method called shuanggou, which traced the broken boundaries between figure and ground. This old method for copying calligraphy usually involved two stages—outlining and filling in—so that the final product reproduced a simulacrum of the original calligraphy. Huang Yi left his reproductions at the outline stage, however, which resulted in strange, warped, and broken figures that merged figure and ground, calling attention to the illegibility of many of the characters reproduced in the rubbings and evacuating the calligraphy of brushwork. This essay analyzes the figures of Engraved Texts within the context of a broader epigraphic aesthetic that permeated calligraphy and painting circa 1800. It goes on to suggest that Huang Yi's choice of shuanggou outlines, while firmly rooted in an epigraphic obsession with the material past, also marked the horizon of a changing attitude toward brushwork, and had more in common with modern methods of visualizing the world, such as the drafting techniques later implemented in engineering schools during the modernizing reforms of the late nineteenth century.
Traces of the Other: Adorno on Natural Beauty
Authors: Krebber André 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article explores Theodor W. Adorno’s recovery of natural beauty in Aesthetic Theory against the background of current debates in environmental aesthetics and evinces the relationship of his reading of natural beauty to his critique of the domination of nature. From there, a critique of natural domination can be issued through the artwork. Whereas Adorno specifies that artworks do not relate to natural beauty in a positive, pseudomorphotic sense, they nevertheless inherit a quality of natural beauty as presenting to humans what is not reducible to the human. Within the specific historical context of an environmental crisis, then, a case is finally made for art as an area of ecological critique that recovers the artwork and nature from both the artwork’s reduction to a propagandistic tool and its idealistic enlisting for reinstating a bourgeois ideal of nature.
The “Enormous Freedom of the Breaking Wave”: The Experience of Tradition in Benjamin between the Talmud and Kant
Authors: Rotlevy Ori 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
How is freedom tied to tradition? What is the relation between the individual and the collective experience of tradition? To what extent is the experience of tradition part of a modern experience rather than only of an ancient one? This essay argues that these questions lie at the heart of Walter Benjamin’s early discussion of tradition. His peculiar reference to “Talmudic wit” and to Kant as a tradendum in letters to Scholem, alongside related Jewish sources, and his engagement with Kant in “On the Program of the Coming Philosophy” are used to address these questions. Thus the essay offers a concept of tradition as a transformative medium that prefigures Benjamin’s late and familiar inkling for tradition’s revolutionary potential. Additionally, it suggests that in this context an alternative to Kant’s concept of freedom is prefigured.
Knowledge, Emotion, and Imagination: Negotiating Cultural Boundaries in The Eunuch Sanbao's Voyage to the Western Ocean
Authors: Liu Chiung-yun Evelyn 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Eunuch Sanbao's Voyage to the Western Ocean, a late sixteenth-century novel loosely based on the historical expeditions commanded by Zheng He (1371–1433), is a peculiar mixture of factual accounts of foreign lands and fantastic narrative. While previous studies have confirmed its historical value, evaluated its literary achievement as fantastic literature, or criticized its plagiarism, this article situates the novel within the context of the late-Ming publishing boom and expanding world knowledge and examines how its author negotiates cultural boundaries through refashioning historical accounts and classical allusions. The key questions explored are whether the broadened knowledge of the world beyond China brings about new ways to conceptualize and imagine cultural others, and how the novelist maneuvers between an enlarged understanding of the world and a long-standing Sinocentric discourse. The article demonstrates that the novel reveals much of the curiosity, ambivalence, and conflict at work during the early stages of global contact. Throughout the novel, its author oscillates between conflicting urges to differentiate or assimilate, to antagonize or empathize, and to emphasize Ming superiority or identify a common humanity. These oscillations give us a glimpse into the complex responses to a changing world and propel us to reflect more deeply on the conflicts and struggles experienced in the early stages of global contact.
Liu Zaifu's Three Voyages of Life
Authors: Liu Jianmei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article aims to investigate the roles Liu Zaifu has played in his three voyages of life. As an outspoken writer and public intellectual who rose to prominence in China during the early 1980s, Liu was a typical pioneer and enlightener, as well as a leading literary theorist involved in the construction of a rising China who reflected on the existing cultural-literary paradigm dominated by Marxist ideology. After going into exile in the United States in 1989, he commenced his second life journey by retreating to a personal space while embracing an aesthetic of wandering. He took advantage of the peripheries of both Western and Chinese cultures to discover the location of the “third zone” from which to return to the original self and the pure heart influenced by Zen Buddhism. In his third life journey, he completely identified with a cosmopolitan status, which enabled him to transcend political and cultural boundaries. Liu's three distinct roles at three different stages of life—a Chinese scholar, an exile, a cosmopolitan—exemplify a fluctuating spiritual odyssey of a Chinese intellectual whose profoundly multifarious oeuvre is intertwined with his quest for personal freedom in literature.
Hepatobiliary Disease Resection in Patients with Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Prognostic Role and Optimal Cytoreduction
Authors: Di Donato Violante , Giannini Andrea , D’Oria Ottavia , Schiavi Michele Carlo , Di Pinto Anna , Fischetti Margherita , Lecce Francesca , Perniola Giorgia , Battaglia Francesco , Berloco Pasquale , Muzii Ludovico , Benedetti Panici Pierluigi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety in terms of prognostic significance and perioperative morbidity and mortality of cytoreduction in patients affected by advance ovarian cancer and hepato-biliary metastasis.

Methods
Patients with a least one hepatobiliary metastasis who have undergone surgical treatment with curative intent of were considered for the study. Perioperative complications were evaluated and graded with Accordion severity Classification. Five-year PFS and OS were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier curve.

Results
Sixty-seven (20.9%) patients had at least one metastasis to the liver, biliary tract, or porta hepatis. Forty-four (65.7%) and 23 (34.3%) patients underwent respectively high and intermediate complexity surgery according. Complete cytoreduction was achieved in 48 (71.6%) patients with hepato-biliary disease. In two patients (2.9%) severe complications related to hepatobiliary surgery were reported. The median PFS for the patients with hepato-biliary involvement (RT = 0 vs. RT > 0) was 19 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 16.2–21.8] and 8 months (95% CI 6.1–9.9). The median OS for the patients with hepato-biliary involvement (RT = 0 vs. RT > 0) 45 months (95% CI 21.2–68.8 months) and 23 months (95% CI 13.9–32.03).

Conclusions
Hepatobiliary involvement is often associated with high tumor load and could require high complex multivisceral surgery. In selected patients complete cytoreduction could offer survival benefits. Morbidity related to hepatobiliary procedures is acceptable. Careful evaluation of patients and multidisciplinary approach in referral centers is mandatory.
Flapping Peryleneimide as a Fluorescent Viscosity Probe: Comparison with BODIPY and DCVJ Molecular Rotors
Authors: Kimura Ryo , Kitakado Hidetsugu , Osuka Atsuhiro , Saito Shohei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Flexible and aromatic photofunctional system (FLAP) has been recognized as an emerging class of versatile π-conjugated molecules. Here we report a viscosity-probing function of flapping peryleneimide and compare its photophysical properties with representative molecular rotors, DCVJ and BODIPY, as well as flapping anthraceneimide. In this comparison, polarity dependence is not negligible in the fluorescence (FL) of the flapping peryleneimide, but it shows more sensitive FL response in a low viscosity range (0.3–3.1 cP), which enables discrimination of different n-alkanes by the FL lifetime measurement. Extremely high photostability of the flapping peryleneimide has also been confirmed, which is promising for the characteristic FL imaging.
Preschool Environmental Influences on Physical Activity in Children with Disabilities
Authors: SCHENKELBERG MICHAELA A. , MCIVER KERRY L. , BROWN WILLIAM H. , PATE RUSSELL R. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTPurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe associations between physical and social environmental features of preschools and physical activity behaviors of young children with developmental disabilities.MethodsA sample of 34 preschool-age children (mean age, 4.28 ± 1.07; male, 64.7%) with developmental disabilities participated in this study. Physical activity and preschool environmental factors were measured through direct observation using the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children—Developmental Disabilities version. Children were observed approximately eight times over the course of a week, yielding a total of 11, 310 observation intervals. The number of intervals and percentage of time spent in physical activity across environmental contexts were calculated. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between time spent in physical activity and features of the physical and social environment.ResultsChildren with disabilities were sedentary for most of the observed intervals (81.5%). Children were 4.8 times (confidence interval (CI), 4.25–5.50) more likely to be physically active while outdoors compared with indoors. Physical activity was more likely to occur in open spaces (odds ratio [OR], 3.3; CI, 2.59–4.19) and when using portable play equipment (OR, 2.7; CI, 1.31–5.64) compared with fixed playground equipment. While indoors, children in this study were 5.6 times (CI, 3.78–8.03) more likely to be active when in therapy compared with group time activities. Physical activity was more likely to occur when in solitary (OR, 3.4; CI, 2.87–4.10) or one-on-one group contexts (OR, 1.7–2.9) compared with in groups with an adult present.ConclusionsCertain features of the preschool setting, such as location and social group composition, were more conducive to physical activity than others. Children with disabilities would benefit from more time outdoors and in smaller group settings during preschool.