bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Forearm Lateral Movement and Wrist Swing’s Continuous Motion Estimation and Estimation Result Correction
Authors: zhang lei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveAccording to the muscle Hill model to estimate the angle of continuous human movement, existing methods require more parameters, and these parameters are susceptible to the influence of different individuals, so there are often large errors in estimation results. MethodsTherefore, Back Propagation (BP) neural network model based on features of surface electromyography (sEMG) and the angle of human movement was established in this paper. By studying the role of muscles in joint rotation, appropriate muscle tissues were selected to place EMG sensors, and the model of sEMG features and joint angle was established. For the problem in which sEMG features couldn’t fully reflect all EMG information, an extraction method combining time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain features was proposed. Aiming at the problem that the Degrees of Freedom (DOFs) of the forearm lateral movement and the wrist swing were controlled by more muscles, which made the joint angle difficult to predict, a method for correcting the estimation angle error by Kalman filter was proposed. Two DOFs exoskeleton robot was designed, and the established model and prototype were used to perform the tracking experiment. ResultsThe average absolute errors of two DOFs are about 17.6° and 6.9°, respectively. ConclusionThe results suggested that BP neural network model designed couldn’t only achieve uniform velocity tracking of the upper limb, but also ensured that the angular error was within a reasonable value, which met basic requirements for continuous movement estimation of the human body by sEMG.
Colostrum Avoidance and Associated Factors Among Mothers of Children Aged Less Than 12 Months in Jinka Town, South Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Hadona Elias Amaje , Weldehawariat Feleke Gebremeskel , Sorrie Muluken Bekele 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Colostrum avoidance is the common nutritional malpractices in developing countries including Ethiopia. Discarding colostrum is the main causes of respiratory disease and diarrheal disease during childhood and contributes to over a million avoidable infant deaths each year and remains a public health problem in developing countries. Despite the fact that it has a negative effect on child health, little is known about the extent of the problem and its contributing factors in South Ethiopia particularly in study area. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of colostrum avoidance practices and associated factors among Mothers of children aged less than 12 months in Jinka Town, South Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinka Town from March 1 to 30, 2019. A total of 420 mothers having children less than 12 months of age were selected by systematic sampling technique. The data were collected by using pretested interviewer administered and semi-structured questionnaires. The data was entered using EPIDATA 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, Binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI at a p-value < 0.05 was estimated to identify statistically significant variables with colostrum avoidance practices. Results: The prevalence of colostrum avoidance practice was 9.8% [95% CI: (6.9–12.5)]. Delayed initiation of breast feeding [AOR= 9.08(95% CI 4.16-19.83)], Lack of breast feeding counselling [AOR= 2.33(95% CI 1.11-4.87)], Home delivery of index child [AOR= 2.48 (95% CI 1.16-5.27)] and Poor knowledge on breast feeding [AOR=4.55(95% CI 1.95-10.63)] were factors associated with colostrum avoidance practices. Conclusions: Colostrum avoidance practice among mothers of children aged less than 12 months in Jinka town was high. Delayed initiation of Breas feeding, lack of breast feeding counselling, Home delivery and knowledge on breastfeeding feeding practice were factors associated with colostrum avoidance practice. Promoting institutional delivery services and strengthening of breast feeding counselling during antenatal and postnatal care were recommended for the promotion of the nutritional value of colostrum and its health benefits.
TRF2 promotes dynamic and stepwise looping of POT1 bound telomeric overhang
Authors: Paul Tapas , Liou Wilson , Cai Xinyi , Opresko Patricia , Myong Sua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Human telomeres are protected by shelterin components including POT1 and TRF2 but the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report an unexpected activity of POT1 in imparting conformational dynamics of the telomere overhang, even at a monomer level. Such POT1 induced overhang dynamics is greatly enhanced when TRF2 engages with the telomere duplex. Strikingly, TRF2 brings a POT1 bound overhang to the duplex and induces a stepwise movement up and down the axis of telomere duplex, thereby generating a highly dynamic loop formation. Interestingly, TRF2, but not TRF2ΔB, recruits POT1 bound overhang to the telomere duplex-single stranded junction by discrete steps of movement with a step size of TTAGGG. The same steps are observed regardless of the length of the POT1 bound overhang, suggesting a tightly regulated mechanism. Based on our results, we propose a plausible dynamic mechanism of t-loop formation coordinated by POT1 and TRF2.
Dilated Cardiomyopathy in a child with COVID-19
Authors: Kishore Rashmi , Choudekar Avinash , Xess Ashit Bhusan , Dar Lalit , Anand Rahul Kumar , Saxena Anita , Kabra Sushil Kumar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) though primarily causes respiratory tract infection, various extra-pulmonary complications have also been reported. We hereby report dilated cardiomyopathy in a one-year old premorbidly healthy boy with COVID-19 infection who had a poor outcome.
Fe3O4@Polydopamine Nanoparticle-Loaded Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve the Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease Mice by Promoting Hippocampal Neurogenesis
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Jiang Jinlan , Fu Xueqi , Zhang Jingtian , Song Jiayue , Duan Lian , Shao Pu , Xu Xuemin , Zeng Linlin , Zhang Fuqiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOne of the most promising treatments for neurodegenerative diseases is the stem cell therapy; however, there are still some limitations in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the specific molecular mechanism that affects the cognitive function remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a strategy to increase the recruitment of stem cells to the lesion site for clinical application. Fe3O4 nanoparticles have good physiological stability, biocompatibility, and is conducive to the active uptake of stem cells.MethodsIn this study, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles composed of magnetic Fe3O4 and polydopamine (PDA) shells were used to label human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) in order to increase the targeting of hUC-MSCs. We first detected the effect of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the proliferation and differentiation of hUC-MSCs, and identified the distribution of Fe3O4@PDA labeled hUC-MSCs in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. We also determined the effects of hUC-MSCs on OA-induced apoptosis in vitro, and Fe3O4@PDA labeled hUC-MSCs on the cognitive function of AD mice by water maze test. The effects of Fe3O4@PDA labeled hUC-MSCs on related-proteins in hippocampus of AD mice were determined by WB and immunohistochemistry.ResultsFe3O4@PDA labeling did not affect the biological characteristics of hUC-MSCs, but did increase the efficiency of hUC-MSCs entering the brain. Moreover, the results of the water maze test showed that compared with single hUC-MSCs, Fe3O4@PDA-labeled hUC-MSCs improved the cognitive ability of APP/PS1 transgenic mice more significantly. Other experimental data, including WB, immunohistochemistry, showed that the expression of essential proteins in the hippocampus, such as amyloid precursor protein (App), synaptophysin (SYN), brain-derivedneurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), etc., are affected by Fe3O4@PDA coated-hUC-MSCs. The study showed a well-established Aβ deposition by promoting neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity and increased protein levels of BDNF, SYN, and GFAP.ConclusionFe3O4@PDA is a promising magnetic nanomaterial, which can increase the targeting of stem cells. The regulation of hUC-MSCs could improve the memory and cognitive ability of AD mice byexcessive generation of neuroprotective factors, which might be considered a viable therapy to treat AD.
Accidental Hypothermia: Factors Related to a Prolonged Hospital Stay - Nationwide Observational Study in Japan -
Authors: Takauji Shuhei , Hifumi Toru , Saijo Yasuaki , Yokobori Shoji , Kanda Jun , Kondo Yutaka , Hayashida Kei , Shimazaki Junya , Moriya Takashi , Yagi Masaharu , Yamaguchi Junko , Okada Yohei , Okano Yuichi , Kaneko Hitoshi , Kobayashi Tatsuho , Fujita Motoki , Shimizu Keiki , Yokota Hiroyuki , Yamaguchi Arino 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Accidental hypothermia (AH) has a low frequency, and the length of hospital stay in patients with AH remains poorly understood. The present study explored which factors were related to long-term hospitalization among patients with AH using Japan’s nationwide registry data.Methods: The data from the Hypothermia STUDY 2018, which included patients ≥ 18 years old with a body temperature ≤ 35°C, were obtained from a multicenter registry for AH conducted at 89 institutions throughout Japan, collected from December 1, 2018, to February 28, 2019. The patients were divided into a “short-stay patients” group (within 7 days) and “long-stay patients” group (more than 7 days). A logistic regression analysis after multiple imputation was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for prolonged hospitalization with age, frailty, cause of hypothermia, mechanism underlying hypothermia, temperature, pH, potassium level, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score as independent variables.Results: In total, 656 patients were included in the study, of which 362 were eligible for the analysis. The median length of hospital stay was 17 days. Of the 362 patients, 265 (73.2%) stayed in the hospital for more than 7 days. The factors associated with prolonged hospitalization were frailty (OR, 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-4.10; p = 0.027), the occurrence of indoor (OR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.58-6.46; p = 0.001), alcohol intoxication (OR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.05-0.56; p = 0.004), pH (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.76; p = 0.029), potassium level (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00-1.85; p = 0.048), and DIC score (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.13-2.10; p = 0.006). Conclusions: Frailty, indoor situation, alcohol intoxication, pH, potassium level, and DIC score were factors contributing to prolonged hospitalization in patients with AH. These factors can be valuable for the early detection of AH requiring a prolonged hospital stay.
Long Noncoding RNA GAS6-AS1 Inhibits Progression and Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming in Lung Adenocarcinoma Via Repressing E2F1-Mediated Transcription of GLUT1
Authors: Luo Jing , Wang Huishan , Wang Li , Wang Gaoming , Yao Yu , Xie Kai , Li Xiaokun , Xu Lin , Shen Yi , Ren Binhui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGlucose metabolism reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. While functional and regulatory mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the contribution of glucose metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to uncover the roles for GAS6-AS1 in the regulation of progression and glucose metabolism in LUAD.MethodsThe tumor-suppressive function of GAS6-AS1 was determined by experiments in vitro and nude mice xenograft models. The role of GAS6-AS1 in regulating cancer glucose metabolism was proved by detecting glucose uptake, lactate production, pyruvate production and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). RNA pull-down assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, luciferase reporter assay and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were used to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms of GAS6-AS1. And the expression level of GAS6-AS1 in LUAD tissues and cells was measured by quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsOverexpression of GAS6-AS1 suppressed tumor progression of LUAD both in vitro and in vivo. Metabolic-related assays revealed that GAS6-AS1 inhibited glucose metabolism reprogramming. Mechanically, GAS6-AS1 was found to repress the expression of glucose transporter GLUT1, a key regulator of glucose metabolism. Ectopic expression of GLUT1 restored the inhibition effect of GAS6-AS1 on cancer progression and glucose metabolism reprogramming. Further investigation identified that GAS6-AS1 directly interacted with transcription factor E2F1 and suppressed E2F1-mediated transcription of GLUT1. And GAS6-AS1 was downregulated in LUAD tissues and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients.ConclusionsTaken together, our results identified GAS6-AS1 as a novel tumor suppressor in LUAD and unraveled its underlying molecular mechanism in reprogramming glucose metabolism. GAS6-AS1 potentially served as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in LUAD.
Confinement Effects and Acid Strength in Zeolites
Authors: Grifoni Emanuele , Piccini GiovanniMaria , Lercher Johannes , Glezakou Vassiliki-Alexandra , Rousseau Roger , Parrinello Michele 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Chemical reactivity and sorption in zeolites is coupled to confinement and - to a lesser extent- to the acid strength of Brønsted acid sites (BAS). In presence of water the zeolite Brønsted acid sites eventually convert into hydronium ions. The gradual transition from zeolite Brønsted acid sites to hydronium ions conversion in zeolites of varying pore size is examined by ab initio molecular dynamics combined with enhanced sampling based on well-tempered metadynamics and a recently developed set of collective variables. While at low water content (1-2 water/BAS) the acidic protons prefer to be shared between zeolites and water, higher water contents (n>2) invariably lead to solvation of the protons within a localized water cluster adjacent to the BAS. At low water loadings the standard free energy of the formed complexes is dominated by enthalpy and is associated with the acid strength of the BAS and the space around the site. Conversely, the entropy increases linearly with the concentration of waters in the pores, favors proton solvation and is independent of the pore size/shape.
Acceptability of Menstrual Products Interventions for Menstrual Hygiene Management Among Women and Girls in Malawi
Authors: Kambala Christabel , Chinangwa Angela , Chipeta Effie , Torondel Belen , Morse Tracy 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundA key challenge for menstruating girls and women in low-resource countries is the inadequate and unreliable supply of menstrual products. Although development partners are implementing menstrual product interventions to address this challenge in Malawi, there is a paucity of information on the distribution of menstrual products and the acceptability of these interventions among users.MethodsWe conducted in-depth interviews with girls (n=20) and women (n=26) and 4 focus group discussions (FGDs) with women (n=35) and 7 FGDs with girls (n=60) to explore the acceptability of menstrual products interventions in 8 districts. Teachers (n=12), community leaders (n=6), community health workers (n=8) and service providers (n=9) were also interviewed to explore implementation issues and their views regarding the effect of menstrual products interventions on girls and women. Data were analyzed using content analysis.ResultsCommon menstrual products being promoted include locally made reusable pads, commercially made disposable pads and menstrual cups. Overall, adult women preferred reusable pads and young girls preferred disposable pads. Reported benefits of using any type of material distributed included enhanced cleanliness and reduced school absenteeism for girls. While community leaders and teachers applauded the use of disposable menstrual products they expressed concern that they are not affordable for an average Malawian and bemoaned the indiscriminate disposal of used disposable pads. Women and girls highlighted their lack of facilities to effectively wash and dry reusable pads. Service providers bemoaned poor coordination and the lack of national standards to regulate the quality of menstrual products distributed at national level. Improved inclusion of males and health workers could enhance the sustainability of programmes. Conclusion While the available menstrual products interventions are acceptable among participants, we note several challenges including affordability, poor disposal methods, lack of attention on sanitation facilities and the lack of standard protocols to regulate the quality of menstrual products. Recommendations to address these issues are reported.
Reporting of Antinuclear Antibody HEp-2 Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay: A Performance Survey
Authors: Tebo Anne E , Schmidt Robert L , Kadkhoka Kamran , Peterson Lisa K , Chan Edward K. L. , Fritzler Marvin J , Wener Mark H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the interpretation and reporting of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using HEp-2 substrate based on common practice and guidance by the International Consensus on ANA patterns (ICAP).Method: Participants included two groups [16 clinical laboratories (CL) and 8 in vitro diagnostic manufacturers (IVD)] recruited via an email sent to the Association of Medical Laboratory Immunologists (AMLI) membership. Twelve (n=12) pre-qualified specimens were distributed to participants for testing, interpretation and reporting HEp-2 IFA. Results obtained were analyzed for accuracy with the intended and consensus response for three main categorical patterns (nuclear, cytoplasmic and mitotic), common patterns and ICAP report nomenclatures. The distributions of antibody titers of specimens were also compared. Results: Laboratories differed in the categorical patterns reported; 8 reporting all patterns, 3 reporting only nuclear patterns and 5 reporting nuclear patterns with various combinations of other patterns. For all participants, accuracy with the intended response for the categorical nuclear pattern was excellent at 99% [95% confidence interval (CI): 97-100%] compared to 78% [95% CI: 67-88%] for the cytoplasmic, and 93% [95% CI: 86%-100%] for mitotic patterns. The accuracy was 13% greater for the common nomenclature [87%, 95% CI: 82-90%] compared to the ICAP nomenclature [74%, 95% CI: 68-79%] for all participants. Participants reporting all three main categories demonstrated better performances compared to those reporting 2 or less categorical patterns. The average accuracies varied between participant groups, however, with the lowest and most variable performances for cytoplasmic pattern specimens. The reported titers for all specimens varied, with the least variability for nuclear patterns and most titer variability associated with cytoplasmic patterns. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates significant accuracy for all participants in identifying the categorical nuclear staining as well as traditional pattern assignments for nuclear patterns. However, there was less consistency in reporting cytoplasmic and mitotic patterns, with implications for assigning competencies and training for clinical laboratory personnel.
Weakened seasonality of the African rainforest precipitation in boreal winter and spring driven by tropical SST variabilities
Authors: Wang Xin-Yue , Zhu Jiang , Xin Meijiao , Song Chentao , Li Yadi , Zhou Yi , Li Xichen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Precipitation in the equatorial African rainforest plays an important role in both the regional hydrological cycle and the global climate variability. Previous studies mostly focus on the trends of drought in recent decades or long-time scales. Using two observational datasets, we reveal a remarkable weakening of the seasonal precipitation cycle over this region from 1979 to 2015, with precipitation significantly increased in the boreal winter dry season (+ 0.45 mm/day) and decreased in the boreal spring wet season (-0.78 mm/day), which account for ~ 14% of their respective climatological means. We further use a state-of-the-art atmospheric model to isolate the impact of sea surface temperature change from different ocean basins on the precipitation changes in the dry and wet seasons. Results show that the strengthening precipitation in the dry season is mainly driven by the Atlantic warming, whereas the weakening precipitation in the wet season can be primarily attributed to the Indian Ocean. Warming Atlantic intensifies the zonal circulation over the African rainforest, strengthening moisture convergence and intensifying precipitation in the boreal winter dry season. Warming Indian Ocean contributes more to reducing the zonal circulation and suppressing the convection in the boreal spring wet season, leading to an opposite effect on precipitation. This result has important implication on local ecology as well as global climate system.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Thrombotic Events on Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xiong Xiaoming , Chi Jianhua , Gao Qinglei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCoagulation abnormalities in COVID-19 patients accompanied with poor prognosis.This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of thrombotic events on COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe systematically reviewed all the studies about thrombotic events on COVID-19 patients in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, MedRxiv, bioRxiv, from Dec 1st, 2019 to July 5, 2020. The weighted mean difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for clinical data in COVID-19 patients with or without thrombotic events was calculated. Results12 articles contained 1083 patients were included for meta-analysis. The prevalence of thrombosis was 22% (95% CI 0.08-0.40) in COVID-19 patients and increased to 43% (95% CI 0.29-0.65) after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Compared with non-thrombotic patients, thrombotic patients had higher levels of D-dimer (MD=2.79, 95% CI 2.27–3.31), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (MD=112.71, 95% CI 62.40–163.02), and white blood cells (WBC) (MD=1.14, 95% CI 0.47–1.81) while decreased lymphocytes (MD= -0.20, 95% CI -0.38 – -0.02). Age, platelet counts, and male sex tended to be risks while diabetes tended to be a protection for thrombosis for COVID-19 patients, although no statistical difference was achieved. Finally, patients with thrombosis were at a higher risk of death (OR=2.39, 95% CI 1.36–4.20).ConclusionsPrevalence of thrombosis in COVID-19 patients was high, especially in ICU, though pharmacologic thromboembolism prophylaxis was applied. Therefore, higher levels of D-dimer, LDH, WBC, and decreased lymphocytes needed to be paid close attention to in patients with COVID-19.