bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shoulder Terrible Triad: Classification, Functional Results, and Prognostic Factors
Authors: Marsalli Michael , Sepúlveda Oscar , Morán Nicolás , Breyer Juan Manuel 
Published: January 2020

Introduction:
The shoulder terrible triad (STT) is a traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation, associated with rotator cuff (RC) tear and nerve injury from the brachial plexus. This study aimed to describe the functional results and prognostic factors of surgery in patients with STT.

Methods:
Thirty consecutive patients with acute STT were included at the same institution. All patients were examined with x-rays, MRI, and electromyography. Surgical treatment in the acute setting was indicated to address an RC injury or a displaced greater tuberosity fracture. Variables registered on the day of surgery were preoperative Constant and Western Ontario Rotator Cuff (WORC) scores and injury pattern. At final discharge, Constant, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), WORC, and subjective shoulder value scores were recorded by an independent evaluator.

Results:
Twenty-seven patients underwent a complete follow-up. The dominant arm was affected in 50% of cases. The mean follow-up was 27 (12 to 43) months. The mean WORC and Constant scores improved from 1,543 to 1,093 (P = 0.015) and 31 to 54 (P = 0.003), respectively. The ASES and subjective shoulder value scores at the end of the follow-up were 60 and 56 points, respectively. RC tears and nerve injuries that did not involve the axillary or suprascapular nerves were associated to better results than greater tuberosity fractures and injuries to the axillary or suprascapular nerves, respectively, in WORC (P = 0.028), Constant (P = 0.024), and ASES scores (P = 0.035). Preoperative WORC and Constant scores were independent prognostic factors.

Conclusions:
The most frequent patterns include complete RC tears, anterior capsular injuries, and an axillary nerve injury. Patients had improved functional scores at the end of follow-up after surgery. Better functional results were correlated to RC tears, injuries to nerves with innervation distal to the shoulder, and higher preoperative Constant and WORC scores.
Integrating Water Reuse Into the US Water Supply Portfolio
Authors: Martin Barbara , Via Steve 
Published: January 2020

Key TakeawaysPopulation growth and changing climate are affecting water supply availability, and water reuse is becoming an important tool to address the increasing demands on water systems.The USEPA released a draft Water Reuse Action Plan, which provides a framework with 46 proposed actions for water reuse implementation.While the federal government has provided a framework for water reuse, successful implementation will depend on local communities.
When the Distribution System Needs a NAP: Tackling One City's Nitrification Action Plan
Authors: Ybanez Crystal , Ramirez Gabriel , Becker William , Santos Marc 
Published: January 2020

Key TakeawaysRecovering from nitrification can be difficult for a chloraminated drinking water system, so prevention, early detection, and swift mitigation are key.The City of Corpus Christi (Tex.) changed its complex yet flexible nitrification action plan to make it more stringent and action‐oriented.Using a mobile application in the field has enabled a near‐immediate response to water quality issues, including rechecking samples, flushing the sample station, or flushing nearby hydrants.
Determination of Origin of Commercial Flavored Rapeseed Oil by the Pattern of Volatile Compounds Obtained via GC–MS and Flash GC Electronic Nose
Authors: Zhang Youfeng , Wu Gangcheng , Chang Chang , Lv Yating , Lai Wanxian , Zhang Hui , Wang Xingguo , Jin Qingzhe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFlavored rapeseed oil (FRO) is a typical hot‐pressed oil and is widely consumed in China due to its strong characteristic flavor and intensive color. In this study, volatile profiles of 33 representative commercial rapeseed oils in China are characterized by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and flash gas chromatography (GC) electronic nose system. 51 volatile compounds are identified and the nitriles (methallyl cyanide and 5‐cyano‐1‐pentene), aldehydes (nonanal, 3‐furaldehyde, and 5‐methyl‐2‐furancarboxaldehyde), alcohols (1,5‐hexadien‐3‐ol, 2‐furanmethanol, and phenylethyl alcohol), and pyrazines (2,5‐dimethyl‐pyrazine and 2,6‐dimethyl‐pyrazine) are the major volatile compounds in FROs. Glucosinolate degradation products account for the highest proportion of these volatiles, which are found to have a positive correlation with the erucic acid content (R2 = 0.796, p < 0.01). FRO from Sichuan province in the southwest of China can be characterized by the obvious distinctions in flash GC electronic nose combined with principal component analysis, which indicates that the flash GC electronic nose can be used as a promising method to identify the origins of FRO.Practical Applications: This work is helpful for expanding the knowledge of volatiles of commercial flavored rapeseed oil. The data can also serve as a basis for the quality assessment of hot‐pressed rapeseed oil. Meanwhile, the flash GC electronic nose combined with principal component analysis can be used as a promising method for the classification of flavor rapeseed oil production areas.
Determining the Exposure Pathway and Impacts of Microcystis on Threadfin Shad, Dorosoma petenense, in San Francisco Estuary
Authors: Acuña Shawn , Baxa Dolores , Lehman Peggy , Teh Foo-Ching , Deng Dong-Fang , Teh Swee 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Blooms of the cyanobacterium Microcystis spp. could affect fish health through the ingestion of colonies as well as exposure to dissolved microcystins in the water column. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the dietary exposure pathway through which Microcystis spp. blooms may affect liver function and nutritional status using a novel approach involving multiple analytical methods to assess the potential risk. Our study was conducted using threadfin shad, Dorosoma petenense, which is a pelagic fish commonly exposed to Microcystis spp. blooms in the upper San Francisco Estuary. The approach incorporated published and optimized methods that offer multiple lines of evidence including in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, histopathology, condition factor indices, and nutritional profiles. Measurements of threadfin shad health and tissue condition were conducted at sites where Microcystis was present or absent during the 2007 bloom season. The results showed that dietary exposure to fish from Microcystis blooms resulted in the accumulation of microcystin in the gut and liver tissues of threadfin shad collected from the sites with blooms. Although toxicity endpoints were likely confounded by antecedent conditions, our findings demonstrate dietary exposure of Microcystis toxins to fish using a novel approach with multiple lines of evidence. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:787–798. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Using a novel approach, the dietary exposure of microcystin to threadfin shad, Dorosoma petenense, during the presence of the Microcystis spp. bloom in the upper San Francisco Estuary was validated using multiple lines of evidence, and thus there is a risk of toxicity through ingestion of Microcystis spp. CVP = Central Valley Project.
Three‐dimensional‐printed intercalary prosthesis for the reconstruction of large bone defect after joint‐preserving tumor resection
Authors: Liu Weijian , Shao Zengwu , Rai Saroj , Hu Binwu , Wu Qiang , Hu Hongzhi , Zhang Shuo , Wang Baichuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundJoint‐preserving intercalary tumor resection can result in better proprioception and a more normal joint function after reconstruction. However, most reported reconstruction techniques are usually associated with frequent complications. Therefore, the approach of reconstruction following joint‐preserving tumor resection warrants further study.MethodsBetween September 2016 and October 2018, 12 patients with metaphyseal malignant bone tumors around the knee joint were treated by joint‐preserving intercalary resections with the aid of three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed osteotomy guide plates and reconstructions using 3D‐printed intercalary prostheses. We assessed the accuracy of the resection by comparing the cross sections at the resection plane with 3D‐printed matching surface of the prostheses. The functional outcomes, complications and oncological status were also evaluated.ResultsAll patients were observed for 7 to 32 months with an average follow‐up of 22.5 months. The achieved resection was accurate, with accurate matching between the residual bone and prosthesis. The mean MSTS score was 28 (range, 26‐30). Superficial infection occurred in two patients. Local recurrence was observed in one patient, while pulmonary metastasis was identified in one patient.ConclusionsThe personalized osteotomy guide plate and prosthesis based on 3D printing technique facilitate joint‐preserving tumor resection and functional reconstruction. However, longer follow‐up and larger sample size are required to clarify its long‐term outcomes.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, therapeutic study.
What we know about anticonsumption: An attempt to nail jelly to the wall
Authors: Makri Katerina , Schlegelmilch Bodo B. , Mai Robert , Dinhof Katharina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite burgeoning academic interest in anticonsumption, a lack of definitional clarity and overlapping constructs beleaguer the pertinent literature, preventing research in the field from reaching its full potential. This paper aims to strengthen the foundations for advancing knowledge in this fragmented field by (a) undertaking a thorough systematic review of literature; (b) charting the scope of anticonsumption literature based on network analysis and attempting to delineate overlapping areas; (c) providing an integrated framework of anticonsumption research, including antecedents, moderators, and consequences; and (d) suggesting a set of specific research propositions that will enable the field to move forward. Toward these aims, we analyzed 120 anticonsumption papers revealed in the literature review, identifying a number of important anticonsumption‐related topics that warrant further investigation. Moreover, we suggest a research framework which reveals antecedents, causal sequences, and consequences of anticonsumption. Finally, a research agenda based on this integrated framework indicates promising areas for future research.
Performance of the Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI) in Prognostic Models for Risk Adjustment in Patients With Back Pain
Authors: Rundell Sean D. , Resnik Linda , Heagerty Patrick J. , Kumar Amit , Jarvik Jeffrey G. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI) is a comorbidity measure associated with physical function and may contribute to risk adjustment models in rehabilitation settings, but an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) of the FCI has not been tested in outpatient settings.ObjectiveThis study examines the ability of an ICD‐9‐CM– based FCI to predict function, health‐related quality of life, and overall health care use.DesignCohort study.Setting and ParticipantsThis was a secondary analysis of 5155 adults ≥65 years of age with a new back pain visit from the Back pain Outcomes using Longitudinal Data cohort study.Independent VariablesWe measured 18 comorbidities with an ICD‐9‐CM version of the FCI using diagnosis codes 12 months prior to an index visit.Main Outcome MeasurementsOutcomes included the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ, 0‐24), health‐related‐quality‐of‐life (EQ5D, 0‐1), and total health care use (sum of all relative value units [RVUs]) measured at baseline and 12 months after the index visit. Linear regression and generalized linear models estimated the association between the FCI and each outcome and to examine goodness of fit. We used a 10‐fold cross‐validation to develop and compare predictive models with and without the FCI.ResultsThere were 1398 participants (27%) with two or more comorbidities. Adjusted estimates show that for every one unit increase in FCI, RMDQ increased by 1.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8 to 1.1) and R2 = 0.093; EQ5D decreased by 0.023 (95% CI −0.028 to −0.019) and R2 = 0.076; and mean total RVUs increased by 13% (95% CI 1.09 to 1.17). Cross‐validation showed that FCI contributed to small improvements in the performance of predictive models.ConclusionAn ICD‐9‐CM version of the FCI is associated with long‐term function, health‐related quality of life, and total health care use among older adults with back pain; however, it explains only a small proportion of the variance.
The behavioral theory of the (community‐oriented) firm: The differing response of community‐oriented firms to performance relative to aspirations
Authors: Smulowitz Stephen J. , Rousseau Horacio E. , Bromiley Philip 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryCombining insights from the behavioral theory of the firm with sociological research on local embeddedness, we propose that community‐oriented firms respond differently to performance relative to aspirations than noncommunity‐oriented firms. Community‐oriented firms develop long‐term relations with local constituents and emphasize community goals. This orientation should buffer them from the risk‐inducing effects of falling below financial aspirations, and encourage them to pursue community goals more intensely when exceeding financial aspirations. Using U.S. bank data from 2005 to 2013, we find that community orientation—exemplified by community banks—attenuates the influence of performance below aspirations on risk‐taking, but amplifies the influence of performance above aspirations on community investments such as small business loans. We discuss implications for a sociologically informed view of performance feedback processes.Managerial SummaryRelative to their size, locally embedded community banks take less risk and make more small business loans than do larger banks. We find that they also respond differently to performance relative to aspirations than do noncommunity banks. Specifically, while community‐oriented banks increase risk‐taking when their performance is below aspirations, they do so less intensely than larger banks. This is because factors related to ownership and community embeddedness make such banks more risk averse than large banks. Also, performance above aspirations provides freedom of action, and community banks use that freedom to increase small business lending. Such lending benefits the community and improves the business environment in which the community bank operates important secondary goals to community‐embedded firms.
Disentangling the effects of hedge fund activism on firm financial and social performance
Authors: DesJardine Mark R. , Durand Rodolphe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryWe investigate how hedge fund activism affects firms' financial and social performance. So far, research has examined either the impact of hedge fund activism on firms' short‐term financial performance, or how other types of shareholder activism affect firms' social performance. Crossing these boundaries with data on 1,324 activist hedge fund campaigns between 2000 and 2016, we find a clear trade‐off associated with hedge fund activism: benefits are shareholder‐centric and short‐lived, reflected in immediate increases in market value and profitability; however, these increases come at a mid‐ to long‐term cost to other stakeholders, captured by decreases in operating cash flow, investment spending, and social performance. We discuss our findings from a multi‐stakeholder perspective to move beyond a polarizing debate about the merits of hedge fund activism.
Managerial SummaryWith hedge fund activism on the rise, determining the consequences of equity ownership by activist hedge funds on target companies' short‐term and long‐term financial and social performance takes on central importance. In this study, we find hedge fund campaigns are associated with three broad sets of outcomes for targeted companies: (a) an immediate but short‐lived increase in market value and profitability, and an immediate and long‐lived decline in operating cash flow; (b) decreases in number of employees, operating expenses, R&D spending, and capital expenditures; and (c) the suppression of corporate social performance. By capturing the range of positive and negative effects on target companies, our study presents the competing implications of hedge fund activism on business and society.
An observational study of the role of indoor air pollution in pets with naturally acquired bronchial/lung disease
Authors: Lin Chung‐Hui , Lo Pei‐Ying , Wu Huey‐Dong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundIndoor air pollution (IAP) is an emerging issue for both human and veterinary patients under the concept of ‘One Health’. The association between IAP and respiratory disease in companion animals has been reported.ObjectivesThe present study investigated the relationship between quantifiable indoor air quality and clinical characteristics of naturally acquired bronchial/lung disease in pet dogs and cats.MethodsA total of 36 clinical cases (20 dogs and 16 cats) with naturally acquired bronchial/lung disease were prospectively recruited. Lower airway samples were collected and analysed, and clinical signs and the information from pulmonary function testing were examined. Indoor air quality was estimated by the average concentration of particles measuring ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5, μg/m3) and volatile organic compounds (VOC, ppm) in the animals’ domestic microenvironments.ResultsExposure to IAP was not found to be correlated with the severity of clinical signs, pulmonary function changes or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology in cats with bronchial/lung disease. However, a hypercellular response in canine lower airways was found to be associated with poor indoor air quality, including unacceptable indoor PM2.5 levels (>35 μg/m3) or increases in VOC concentration (>1 ppm) in places most commonly frequented by the dogs in the home.ConclusionsPoor indoor air quality may exacerbate airway disease in pets and should not be ignored in modern society.
Extensions of the asymptotic symmetry algebra of general relativity
Authors: Flanagan Éanna É. , Prabhu Kartik , Shehzad Ibrahim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe consider a recently proposed extension of the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs algebra to include arbitrary infinitesimal diffeomorphisms on a 2-sphere. To realize this extended algebra as asymptotic symmetries, we work with an extended class of spacetimes in which the unphysical metric at null infinity is not universal. We show that the symplectic current evaluated on these extended symmetries is divergent in the limit to null infinity. We also show that this divergence cannot be removed by a local and covariant redefinition of the symplectic current. This suggests that such an extended symmetry algebra cannot be realized as symmetries on the phase space of vacuum general relativity at null infinity, and that the corresponding asymptotic charges are ill-defined. However, a possible loophole in the argument is the possibility that symplectic current may not need to be covariant in order to have a covariant symplectic form. We also show that the extended algebra does not have a preferred subalgebra of translations and therefore does not admit a universal definition of Bondi 4-momentum.
Low risk, high reward? Repeated competitive biddings with multiple winners in health care
Authors: Pitkänen Visa , Jauhiainen Signe , Linnosmaa Ismo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe study physiotherapy providers’ prices in repeated competitive biddings where multiple providers are accepted in geographical districts. Historically, only very few districts have rejected any providers. We show that this practice increased prices and analyze the effects the risk of rejection has on prices. Our data are derived from three subsequent competitive biddings. The results show that rejecting at least one provider decreased prices by more than 5% in the next procurement round. The results also indicate that providers have learned to calculate their optimal bids, which has also increased prices. Further, we perform counterfactual policy analysis of a capacity-rule of acceptance. The analysis shows that implementing a systematic acceptance rule results in a trade-off between direct cost savings and service continuity at patients’ usual providers.
The long memory HEAVY process: modeling and forecasting financial volatility
Authors: Karanasos M. , Yfanti S. , Christopoulos A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the bivariate HEAVY system of volatility regression equations and its various extensions that are directly applicable to the day-to-day business treasury operations of trading in foreign exchange and commodities, investing in bond and stock markets, hedging out market risk, and capital budgeting. We enrich the HEAVY framework with powers, asymmetries, and long memory that improve its forecasting accuracy significantly. Other findings are as follows. First, hyperbolic memory fits the realized measure better, whereas fractional integration is more suitable for the powered returns. Second, the structural breaks applied to the bivariate system capture the time-varying behavior of the parameters, in particular during and after the global financial crisis of 2007/2008.
ISCEV extended protocol for derivation and analysis of the strong flash rod-isolated ERG a-wave
Authors: Brigell Mitchell , Jeffrey Brett G. , Mahroo Omar A. , Tzekov Radouil 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe International Society for the Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standard for full-field electroretinography (ERG) describes a minimum set of tests, but encourages the use of additional protocols for clinical ERG testing. This extended protocol describes recording methods and derivations that will allow analysis of rod-driven components of the dark-adapted (DA) strong flash ERG a-wave, more closely related to rod phototransduction than ISCEV standard DA ERGs. The method involves recording ERGs to a flash strength equivalent to 30 cd s m2 under conditions of dark adaptation and additionally to the same stimulus following light adaptation (LA) and in the presence of a standard photopic background luminance of 30 cd m−2. The isolated rod-driven ERG a-wave is derived by subtracting the LA response from the DA ERG. The method is likely to be of value in the characterization of retinal disorders which affect rod quantal catch, diseases that affect the dynamics of any component of the activation phase of rod phototransduction, or those affecting total numbers of rod photoreceptors.
Values of love: two forms of infinity characteristic of human persons
Authors: Heinämaa Sara 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn his late reflections on values and forms of life from the 1920s and 1930s, Husserl develops the concept of personal value and argues that these values open two kinds of infinities in our lives. On the one hand personal values disclose infinite emotive depths in human individuals while on the other hand they connect human individuals in continuous and progressive chains of care. In order to get at the core of the concept, I will explicate Husserl’s discussion of personal values of love by distinguishing between five related features. I demonstrate that values of love (1) are rooted in egoic depts and define who we are as persons, (2) differ from objective values in being absolute and non-comparative, (3) ground vocational lives as organizing principles, (4) are endlessly self-disclosing and self-intensifying, and (5) establish transitive relations of care between human beings. On the basis of my five-partite distinction, I argue that Husserl’s concepts of love and value of love reveal the dynamic character of human subjectivity and intersubjectivity.