bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of Autologous Fat Grafting in the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Cutaneous Wounds
Authors: Malik Dean , Luck Joshua , Smith Oliver J. , Mosahebi Afshin 
Published: May 2020

Background:
There is a growing interest in the regenerative potential of autologous fat. Adipose-derived stem cells, within the stromal vascular fraction of lipoaspirate samples, demonstrate anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and angiogenic properties. This systematic review aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of autologous fat therapies for wound healing, with an evaluation of the quality of evidence provided by the literature.

Methods:
Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we searched Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to November 2018. We included all human studies where wounds were treated with lipotransfer, cell-assisted lipotransfer, stromal vascular fraction products, or isolated adipose-derived stem cells. Study screening and data extraction were performed by 2 authors. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach.

Results:
The search strategy returned 5027 citations. From these, 10 observational case series were included in the qualitative synthesis; there were no randomized controlled trials. Patient characteristics, wound etiology, and intervention type differed markedly between studies, precluding formal meta-analysis. Autologous fat grafting was associated with satisfactory wound healing in all studies with low complication rates. However, the quality of evidence was consistently very low.

Conclusions:
Autologous fat grafting is an emerging therapeutic option for challenging wounds, although there is insufficient evidence to conclusively demonstrate its effectiveness and adverse event profile. Based on the literature to date, it is unclear whether one type of autologous fat therapy is superior. Well-designed, blinded, prospective randomized controlled trials with adequate methodologic details and objective outcome measure reporting are essential.

PROSPERO ID:
CRD42017081499.
Direct Injection of 5-Fluorouracil Improves Outcomes in Cicatrizing Conjunctival Disorders Secondary to Systemic Disease
Authors: Jovanovic Nina , Russell William W. , Heisel Curtis J. , Hood Christopher T. , Kahana Alon 
Published: May 2020

Purpose:
Conjunctival cicatrizing conditions are vision threatening, with poor outcomes despite aggressive systemic therapy. This study tests the utility of serial injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) into the fornices to treat conjunctival scarring in patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid or Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study. Fisher exact test and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to compare clinical outcomes of patients who were administered 5-FU injections versus patients who were not injected. Model fit was examined for multivariable regression.

Results:
One hundred twelve eyes (56 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-eight eyes (34%) had Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis, and 74 eyes (66%) were diagnosed with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. Twenty-five eyes received ≥1 injection of 5-FU. Sixteen eyes received 1–4 injections, while 9 received ≥5. Median follow-up until last encounter was 18 months. Analysis of each disease entity alone and in combination revealed that 5-FU injections were associated with improvement in final visual acuity, corneal scarring, trichiasis, need for/number of mucous membrane graft surgeries, and severity of symblephara.

Conclusions:
Serial injection of 5-FU in the affected fornices is a promising treatment for severe vision-threatening conjunctival scarring from ocular cicatricial pemphigoid and Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis. Given the excellent safety profile of 5-FU around the eye, the solid biologic foundation for using 5-FU in this setting, and the severe risk of vision loss from these disorders, the authors suggest that serial 5-FU injections be adopted as therapy for conjunctival scarring from ocular cicatricial pemphigoid or Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis despite the limitations of this retrospective study.
Attentional biases in pediatric chronic pain: an eye-tracking study assessing the nature of the bias and its relation to attentional control
Authors: Soltani Sabine , van Ryckeghem Dimitri M.L. , Vervoort Tine , Heathcote Lauren C. , Yeates Keith , Sears Christopher , Noel Melanie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Attentional biases are posited to play a key role in the development and maintenance of chronic pain in adults and youth. However, research to date has yielded mixed findings, and few studies have examined attentional biases in pediatric samples. This study used eye-gaze tracking to examine attentional biases to pain-related stimuli in a clinical sample of youth with chronic pain and pain-free controls. The moderating role of attentional control was also examined. Youth with chronic pain (n = 102) and pain-free controls (n = 53) viewed images of children depicting varying levels of pain expressiveness paired with neutral faces while their eye gaze was recorded. Attentional control was assessed using both a questionnaire and a behavioural task. Both groups were more likely to first fixate on high pain faces but showed no such orienting bias for moderate or low pain faces. Youth with chronic pain fixated longer on all pain faces than neutral faces, whereas youth in the control group exhibited a total fixation bias only for high and moderate pain faces. Attentional control did not moderate attentional biases between or within groups. The results lend support to theoretical models positing the presence of attentional biases in youth with chronic pain. Further research is required to clarify the nature of attentional biases and their relationship to clinical outcomes.
Daily intermittent fasting in mice enhances morphine-induced antinociception while mitigating reward, tolerance, and constipation
Authors: Duron David I. , Hanak Filip , Streicher John M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The opioid epidemic has plagued the United States with high levels of abuse and poor quality of life for chronic pain patients requiring continuous use of opioids. New drug discovery efforts have been implemented to mitigate this epidemic; however, new medications are still limited by low efficacy and/or high side effect and abuse potential. Intermittent fasting (IF) has recently been shown to improve a variety of pathological states, including stroke and neuroinflammation. Numerous animal and human studies have shown the benefits of IF in these disease states, but not in pain and opioid treatment. We thus subjected male and female CD-1 mice to 18-hour fasting intervals followed by 6-hour feed periods with standard chow for 1 week. Mice that underwent this diet displayed an enhanced antinociceptive response to morphine both in efficacy and duration using thermal tail-flick and postoperative paw incision pain models. While showing enhanced antinociception, IF mice also demonstrated no morphine reward and reduced tolerance and constipation. Seeking a mechanism for these improvements, we found that the mu-opioid receptor showed enhanced efficacy and reduced tolerance in the spinal cord and periaqueductal gray, respectively, from IF mice using a 35S-GTPγS coupling assay. These improvements in receptor function were not due to changes in mu-opioid receptor protein expression. These data suggest that a daily IF diet may improve the therapeutic index of acute and chronic opioid therapies for pain patients in the clinic, providing a novel tool to improve patient therapy and reduce potential abuse.
Feasibility Study of the Health Empowerment Intervention in Older Adults With Heart Failure
Authors: Thakur Ramesh Devi , Fleury Julie D. , Crawford Shearer Nelma B. , Belyea Michael 
Published: May 2020

Background
Of almost 5.7 million Americans with heart failure, 80% are 65 years and older. Empowerment approaches facilitating recognition of personal and social contextual resources may improve well-being in this vulnerable population.

Objective
This research evaluated the feasibility of the Health Empowerment Intervention (HEI) in older adults with heart failure, including effects on health empowerment, purposeful participation, self-management, functional health, and well-being.

Methods
Twenty older adults with heart failure were randomly assigned to HEI or Attention Control conditions. The HEI consisted of 6 weekly sessions based on the Health Empowerment Theory. Outcomes were measured at baseline and at 6 weeks.

Results
Feasibility of the HEI was supported; participants realized significant improvement in health empowerment and purposeful participation in goal attainment.
Conclusions
This research supports the feasibility of the HEI and provides a basis for continued evaluation.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Platelet-Rich Plasma Multimedia Patient Education Tool for Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Givans Sharna 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a chronic, progressive hair loss disorder affecting both men and women. It is the most common form of alopecia. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an alternative treatment modality that provides individuals with AGA with a safe and effective treatment option. A practice improvement needs assessment was conducted within a private dermatology practice in South Florida to evaluate the need for a patient education tool for patients with AGA. Upon the completion of this needs assessment, dermatology providers discovered that there is a need for a PRP education tool to aid in patient comprehension of the PRP procedure. This clinical practice improvement study examined the impact of a brief multimedia educational intervention on patient comprehension of PRP for the treatment of AGA. A commercially produced PRP patient education video was viewed by 10 patients with AGA within this practice. Postintervention, the teach-back method was utilized to measure patient comprehension of the PRP procedure. On the basis of the study results, it can be concluded that the utilization of a PRP multimedia patient education tool may provide dermatology providers with a standardized patient education method for patients with AGA and improve patient comprehension of PRP for the treatment of AGA.
Outcomes From an Urgent Care Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Protocol for the Prevention of HIV
Authors: Mayeux Jack J. , Ng Yeow Chye , Bice Matthew M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and urgent care medical providers can be powerful allies when combined in the fight against HIV infection. Unfortunately, PrEP use in the urgent care setting is underused due to a lack of resources, provider staff knowledge, and comfort on the part of providers. An urgent care–specific PrEP protocol was developed, and 29 providers from six different urgent care facilities in Louisiana participated in a 20-week quality improvement project. The developed urgent care–specific PrEP protocol resulted in an increase in knowledge and comfort and a reduction in barriers associated with PrEP use. Overall, the urgent care PrEP protocol showed the ability to assist the urgent care clinician in many areas previously noted in research as reasons for reduced PrEP use. The urgent care PrEP protocol serves as an additional tool for the urgent care providers in HIV biomedical preventative care. The results of this project are reported using the Standards of Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence.
Hematogenous osteomyelitis in childhood can relapse many years later into adulthood
Authors: Clerc Axelle , Zeller Valerie , Marmor Simon , Senneville Eric , Marchou Bruno , Laurent Frederic , Lucht Frederic , Desplaces Nicole , Lustig Sebastien , Chidiac Christian , Ferry Tristan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To describe the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological features and the management of adult patients who experienced a relapse between 2003 and 2015 of an acute hematogenous osteomyelitis acquired in childhood.
A retrospective multicentric cohort study was conducted in 5 centers in France.
Thirty-seven patients were included. The median age was 40 years (28–56), and 26 (70%) were male. The first site of infection was the distal femur (n = 23, 62%). The median time between the osteomyelitis in childhood and the relapse in adulthood was 26 years (13–45). Thirty-four (92%) patients reported inflammatory local clinical manifestations, 17 (46%) draining fistula, 10 (27%) fever. Most patients had intramedullary gadolinium deposition (with or without abscess) on magnetic resonance imaging. Most relapses were monomicrobial infections (82%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly found microorganism (82%), expressing a small colony variant phenotype in 3 cases. Most patients (97%) had a surgical treatment, and the median duration of antibiotics for the relapse was 12 weeks. All patients had a favorable outcome, no patient died and no further relapse occurred. We count 2 femoral fractures on osteotomy site.
Osteomyelitis in childhood can relapse later in adulthood, especially in patients with lack of care during the initial episode. Osteotomy and prolonged antimicrobial therapy are required for clinical remission.
A case report of pyopneumopericardium following bungee jumping in a patient with tuberculosis
Authors: Guo Yong Zheng , Li Xiao Feng , Bao Qiong Ling , Song Qun , Yu Hai Ying , Zhu Ming Jian , Su Jun Wei , Zhu Biao , Xu Kai Jin , Li Lan Juan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Pyopneumopericardium related to bungee jumping is a rare occurrence in the current antibiotic era. We present a case of esophagus-seeded Streptococcus sanguinis pyopneumopericardium in a young man with tuberculosis who had just completed bungee jumping.

Patient concern:
A 27-year-old man was hospitalized with a 1-day history of fever, chest tightness, and intermittent sharp chest pain after bungee jumping for the first time.

Diagnoses:
Clinical examinations, thoracentesis, and pericardiocentesis revealed pyopneumopericardium, pyopneumomediastinum, and suppurative pleurisy secondary to bungee-jumping-related traumas. Pericardial fluid cultures were positive for S sanguinis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genetic test was positive in both sputum and pleural effusion.

Interventions:
The patient improved with drainage and comprehensive antimicrobial therapy.

Outcomes:
The patient developed constrictive pericarditis and underwent pericardiectomy after 6 months of anti-tuberculosis treatment. During the 6-month follow-up after surgery, he recovered uneventfully.

Lessons:
This case adds to the long list of bungee-jumping complications. Early diagnosis to initiate appropriate therapy is critical for pyopneumopericardium patients to achieve good outcomes.
Clinical and imaging characteristics of hematologic disease complicated by air leak syndrome
Authors: Zhang Kemin , Shi Bing , Zhai Qiang , Jiang Lihui , Wang Xiaoxue , Jiang Shan , Sun Hongyan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There are limited systematic studies on hematologic disease complicated by air leak syndrome (ALS). Physicians in radiology departments and hematology departments have a limited awareness of ALS.
The aim of this study was to explore the similarities and differences in clinical data between the clinical group and imaging group in patients with hematologic disease complicated by ALS.
Clinical and CT data for 59 patients with hematologic disease complicated by ALS in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were assessed by clinical grouping and image grouping. Data were compared between groups, and P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
Dyspnea occurred more often in the allo-HSCT (allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) group than that in the non–allo-HSCT group (68.8% vs 4.7%, P < .001), there were statistically significant differences in inducing factors between groups, and differences in other aspects were not statistically significant. Chest tightness and dyspnea occurred more often in the allo-HSCT with BO/BOOP (bronchiolitis Obliteran/bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia) group than those in the allo-HSCT without BO/BOOP group (80.0% vs 9.1%, P = .013), and differences in other aspects were not statistically significant. Chest pain occurred more often in the HPT (hydropneumothorax) group than that in the other 3 groups (pure pneumothorax [PT], pulmonary interstitial emphysema [PIE], complex ALS) (71.4% vs 11.1%, 0.0%, and 26.5%, P = .005); ALS thickness in the HPT group was greater than that in the other 2 groups (PIE and complex ALS) (19.7 vs 3.5 cm and 9.5 cm, P = .001); catheter drainage occurred more often in the HPT group than that in the other three groups (PT, PIE, complexALS) (64.3% vs 22.2%, 0.0%, and 2.9%, P = .001).
ALS is a high risk in male patients who have a low BMI, have leukemia as a basic disease, and have basic lung diseases (eg, BO/BOOP). CT types are mainly complex ALS, HPT, and pure PT. In addition, clinical symptoms for patients in the HPT group are severe, and there is a high prevalence of catheter drainage.
Screening and identification of key biomarkers for retinoblastoma
Authors: Huang Jing , Zhang Lingrui , Li Zimeng , Lu Xuejing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Retinoblastoma (RB) is one of the most common malignant tumors in pediatrics; to clarify the cause of RB, a lot of manpower and material resources have been invested but have not been well explained.

Methods:
To identify the candidate genes in the occurrence and development of the disease, we downloaded the microarray datasets GSE97508, GSE92987, and GSE24673 from the gene expression database (GEO). The differentially expressed gene (DEG) was identified and functional enrichment analysis was performed. The protein–protein interaction network was constructed and analyzed by String and Cytoscape.

Results:
A total of 74 DEGs were identified, including 40 up-regulated genes and 34 down-regulated genes. The rich functions and pathways of DEG include regulating mitosis, cell cycle, DNA transcription process, promoting protein phosphorylation, regulating energy metabolism in vivo, promoting the binding of some macromolecular complexes, and regulating the cell cycle. Twenty-four HUB genes were identified. Biological process analysis showed that these genes were mainly enriched in regulating energy metabolism in vivo, promoting the binding of some small molecules and regulating the cell cycle. Survival analysis showed that DGPDC1, NDC80, SHCBP, TOP2A, and DLGAP5 may be involved in the occurrence, invasion, or recurrence of RB.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, screening DEGs and HUB genes in RB can help us to better understand the mechanism of the occurrence and development of RB at the molecular level, and provide candidate targets for the diagnosis and treatment of RB.
Universal antibiotic prophylaxis may no longer be necessary for patients with acute variceal bleeding
Authors: Ueno Masayuki , Kayahara Takahisa , Sunami Tomohiko , Takayama Hiroshi , Takabatake Hiroyuki , Morimoto Youichi , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Mizuno Motowo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A few decades ago, antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with acute variceal bleeding was reported beneficial. However, endoscopic and systemic therapy for variceal bleeding has dramatically improved since then, so the necessity of prophylactic antibiotics can be questioned. In this study, we reevaluated the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in acute variceal bleeding, using the most recent data in our hospital.
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 150 patients with acute variceal bleeding who were admitted to Kurashiki Central Hospital between January 2012 and December 2016. We compared the rates of bacterial infection, in-hospital mortality, 5-day rebleeding rate, and 30-day emergency readmission between patients treated or not treated with antibiotic prophylaxis.
Forty-six patients (30.7%) received antibiotic prophylaxis; 104 (69.3%) did not. The rates of the outcomes in patients with antibiotic prophylaxis were 6.5% (bacterial infection), 4.3% (in-hospital mortality), 2.2% (5-day rebleeding), and 10.9% (30-day emergency readmission) and were not significantly different form the corresponding figures in those without antibiotic prophylaxis (1.9%, 7.7%, 1.9%, and 10.6%, respectively). Moreover, these rates in our patients, even without antibiotic prophylaxis, were much lower than rates reported in past years, perhaps because of improvements in care of patients with variceal hemorrhage.
Antibiotic prophylaxis was not associated with significantly better outcomes of bacterial infection, mortality, rebleeding or readmission rate in patients with acute variceal bleeding. Universal antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with acute variceal bleeding should be reconsidered.
Gap balancing versus measured resection in primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: She Guo-rong , Zha Zhen-gang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Recently, controversy still exists regarding the clinical effects of measured resection or gap-balancing technique in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical outcomes of conventional measured resection technique and computer-assisted gap-balancing technique in TKA.

Methods:
Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology checklist. Patients underwent primary TKA by a single surgeon between 2014 and 2016 were reviewed. This study was approved by the institutional review board in our hospital and was registered in the Research Registry. Outcome measures included surgical time, intraoperative complications, patient satisfaction, Oxford Knee Score, range of motion, postoperative complications, and revision.

Results:
This study had limited inclusion and exclusion criteria and a well-controlled intervention.

Conclusion:
We were able to directly compare the outcomes of measured resection versus gap-balancing techniques and might reveal a better technique in TKA.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5441).
Essential tremor vs idiopathic Parkinson disease
Authors: Tao Anyu , Chen Guangzhi , Mao Zhijuan , Gao Hongling , Deng Youbin , Xu Renfan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity measured by transcranial sonography (TCS) is a promising biomarker for Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic accuracy of SN hyperechogenicity (SN+) for differentiating PD from essential tremor (ET). A total of 119 patients with PD, 106 ET patients and 112 healthy controls that underwent TCS from November 2016 to February 2019 were included in this single-center retrospective case–control study. Two reviewers who were blinded to clinical information independently measured the SN+ by TCS imaging. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of TCS imaging were evaluated between the PD and healthy controls and between patients with PD and ET. Interrater agreement was assessed with the Cohen κ statistic. TCS imaging of the SN+ allowed to differentiate between patients with PD and ET with a sensitivity (91.6% and 90.8%) and specificity (91.5% and 89.6%) for readers 1 and 2, respectively. Interobserver agreement was excellent (к = 0.87). In addition, measurement of the SN+ allowed to differentiate between patients with PD and healthy subjects with a sensitivity (91.6% and 90.8%) and specificity (88.4% and 89.3%) for readers 1 and 2, respectively. Interobserver agreement was excellent (к = 0.91). Measurement of SN+ on TCS images could be a useful tool to distinguishing patients with PD from those with ET.