bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implication of the notch signaling pathway in biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic‐induced ectopic bone formation: A preliminary experiment
Authors: Guo Xiaoshuang , Jiang Haiyue , Zong Xianlei , Du Le , Zhao Jingyi , Zhang Dong , Song Guodong , Jin Xiaolei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCalcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic is a promising material in bone regeneration because it was proved biocompatible, osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and effective. Although it manifests favorable characteristics in critical‐sized bone defects repair, the mechanism of its osteoinduction is still unclear. In the present study, we studied the mechanism of ectopic bone formation, with interest in the Notch signaling pathway. BCP ceramics with or without Notch signaling inhibitor RO4929097 were cocultured with bone marrow‐derived stem cells in vitro. The expression of osteogenesis (OPN/Col/Runx2) and Notch signaling pathway‐related genes (Hes1/Jagged/Notch1) were increased in the BCP group compared with the control group without BCP but significantly decreased after adding RO4929097. Furthermore, a higher level of alkaline phosphatase activity was observed in the BCP group compared with RO4929097 and control group separately. For further confirmation, the intramuscularly ectopic implantation models of Beagle dogs were used. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction showed a similar trend with the in vitro experiment. Histological and histomorphometric analysis indicated that bone formation was delayed by RO4929097. These findings illustrated that the Notch signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in bone formation induced by BCP; Notch signaling pathway may positively influence ectopic bone formation by promoting BMSCs to differentiate toward osteoblasts.
Regenerative engineered vascularized bone mediated by calcium peroxide
Authors: Daneshmandi Leila , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOne of the main challenges hindering the clinical translation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds is the lack of establishment of functional vasculature. Insufficient vascularization and poor oxygen supply limit cell survival within the constructs resulting in poor osseointegration with the host tissue and eventually leading to inadequate bone regeneration. Inspired by cues from developmental biology, we regenerative engineered a composite matrix by incorporating calcium peroxide (CaO2) into poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) microsphere‐based matrices and sought to assess whether the delivery of the byproducts of CaO2 decomposition, namely O2, Ca2+, and H2O2 could enhance the regeneration of vascularized bone tissue. The composite microspheres were successfully fabricated via the oil‐in‐water emulsion method. The presence and encapsulation of CaO2 was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X‐ray powder diffraction. The microspheres were further heat sintered into three‐dimensional porous scaffolds and characterized for their degradation and release of byproducts. The in vitro cytocompatibility of the matrices and their ability to support osteogenic differentiation was confirmed using human adipose‐derived stem cells. Lastly, an in vivo study was performed in a mouse critical‐sized calvarial defect model to evaluate the capacity of these matrices in supporting vascularized bone regeneration. Results demonstrated that the presence of CaO2 increased cellularization and biological activity throughout the matrices. There was greater migration of host cells to the interior of the matrices and greater survival and persistence of donor cells after 8 weeks, which in synergy with the composite matrices led to enhanced vascularized bone regeneration.
Vitamin D3 and calcium cosupplementation alleviates cadmium hepatotoxicity in the rat: Enhanced antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory actions by remodeling cellular calcium pathways
Authors: El‐Boshy Mohamed , Refaat Bassem , Almaimani Riyad A. , Abdelghany Abdelghany H. , Ahmad Jawwad , Idris Shakir , Almasmoum Hussain , Mahbub Amani A. , Ghaith Mazen M. , BaSalamah Mohammad A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlthough vitamin D (VD) and calcium (Ca) attenuate cadmium (Cd) metabolism, their combined antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory actions against Cd toxicity have not been previously explored. Hence, this study measured the protective effects of VD ± Ca supplements against Cd hepatotoxicity. Forty adult male rats were distributed to: negative controls (NCs), positive controls (PCs), VD, Ca, and VD3 and Ca (VDC) groups. All groups, except NC, received CdCl2 in drinking water (44 mg/L) for 4 weeks individually or concurrently with intramuscular VD3 (600 IU/kg; three times per week) and/or oral Ca (100 mg/kg; five times per week). The PC group showed abnormal hepatic biochemical parameters and increase in cellular cytochrome C, caspase‐9, and caspase‐3 alongside the apoptotic/necrotic cell numbers by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling technique. The PC hepatic tissue also had substantially elevated pro‐oxidants (malondialdehyde [MDA]/H2O2/protein carbonyls) and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL‐1β]/IL‐6/IL17A/tumor necrosis factor‐α), whereas the anti‐inflammatory (IL‐10/IL‐22) and antioxidants (glutathione [GSH]/GPx/catalase enzyme [CAT]) markers declined. Hypovitaminosis D, low hepatic tissue Ca, aberrant hepatic expression of VD‐metabolizing enzymes (Cyp2R1/Cyp27a1/cyp24a1), receptor and binding protein alongside Ca‐membrane (CaV1.1/CaV3.1), and store‐operated (RyR1/ITPR1) channels, and Ca‐binding proteins (CAM/CAMKIIA/S100A1/S100B) were observed in the PC group. Both monotherapies decreased serum, but not tissue Cd levels, restored the targeted hepatic VD/Ca molecules' expression. However, these effects were more prominent in the VD group than the Ca group. The VDC group, contrariwise, disclosed the greatest alleviations on serum and tissue Cd, inflammatory and oxidative markers, the VD/Ca molecules and tissue integrity. In conclusion, this report is the first to reveal boosted protection for cosupplementing VD and Ca against Cd hepatotoxicity that could be due to enhanced antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and modulation of the Ca pathways.
Effect of citronellol on NF‐kB inflammatory signaling molecules in chemical carcinogen‐induced mammary cancer in the rat model
Authors: Jayaganesh Rajendran , Pugalendhi Pachaiappan , Murali Raju 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInflammation plays a vital role in the process of carcinogenesis and anti‐inflammatory properties of phytochemicals are gaining more attention in the chemoprevention of cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory potential of citronellol (CT) on 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)‐induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats. The inflammation‐associated gene and protein markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot techniques. Markers such as nuclear factor‐kB (NF‐kB), tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), cyclooxygenase‐2, macrophage inflammatory protein‐1α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase are upregulated in DMBA‐alone–treated mammary tumor tissues. The oral administration of CT (50 mg/kg BW) to DMBA‐treated rats significantly downregulated the expression NF‐kB and other inflammatory markers, and also increased the level of IL‐10 in mammary tissues. The results suggested that the anti‐inflammatory potential of CT prevented the incidence of chemical carcinogen‐induced mammary cancer in rats.
Monitoring of intracellular localization of Hepatitis B virus P22 protein using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Airyscan
Authors: Deroubaix Aurélie , Moahla Bongani , Penny Clement 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess nucleo‐cytoplasmic protein localization to better understand the exact intracellular localization of viral proteins involved with infections. Having determined the general protein localization of hepatitis B virus P22 precore protein, the aim was to more specifically resolve its intracellular organization. This was done using both laser scanning microscopy and Airyscan techniques. Using a 63× objective, the resolution obtained with Airyscan was increased by 1.5‐fold as compared to confocal microscopy (p value <.00001).
The local climate impact of an African city during clear‐sky conditions—Implications of the recent urbanization in Kampala (Uganda)
Authors: Brousse Oscar , Wouters Hendrik , Demuzere Matthias , Thiery Wim , Van de Walle Jonas , van Lipzig Nicole P. M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aims at assessing and understanding the impact of recent urbanization on the (surface) urban heat island ((S)UHI) under clear‐sky conditions in a tropical African city using different sources of remotely sensed data sets together with an urban climate model (UCM). The observed SUHI during clear sky conditions is found to be about 4°C on average over the capital city of Kampala, Uganda. The UCM, consisting of TERRA_URB embedded in COSMO‐CLM, represents the SUHI well during night but overestimates it by about 3°C in the mean during day. Moreover, a systematic warm land surface temperature bias of about 4°C is identified by night. Improved urban input parameters—derived from Local Climate Zones following the World Urban Database and Access Portal Tool (WUDAPT) framework—lead to a more realistic representation of spatial land surface temperatures patterns. In addition, this parameterization of the UCM can properly represent atmospheric variables such as air temperature, specific and relative humidity, as observed by the automated weather stations. A model sensitivity study furthermore demonstrates that the stronger urban heat island induced by the recent urbanization of Kampala over the past 15 years strongly interacts with the lake–land breeze circulation. Stronger daytime convection over the hotter city leads to areas of convergence that amplify the afternoon lake breeze in the Southern parts of the metropolis. Overall, this study demonstrates that the city of Kampala has a tangible effect on the regional climate that needs to be considered when studying present and future climate impacts.
An 11‐band multimode antenna for sub‐6 GHz applications in metal‐rimmed mobile terminals
Authors: An Zhirong , Wang Youcheng , He Mang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA multimode antenna for sub‐6 GHz applications in metal‐rimmed mobile terminals is presented. The proposed antenna is composed of a multibranch driven strip, a parasitic grounded strip, and an integrated metal rim that is connected to the ground through two shorting stubs. The proposed antenna occupies a 5‐mm clearance area, featuring simple design without lumped components. The working principle of the antenna is analyzed in detail in terms of its multiple resonant modes and current distributions. The resultant |S11| ≤ −6 dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna covers the LTE 700/2300/2500, UMTS, GSM 850/900, DCS, PCS, and recently proposed n77 to n79 5G NR frequency bands. The prototype of the antenna is fabricated and the design is well validated by experimental results.
Broadband mm‐wave propagation characterization of planar groove gap waveguide
Authors: Oyedokun Titus , Geschke Riana H. , Stander Tinus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe present, experimental broadband propagation characterization of a planar groove gap waveguide (PGGWG) from 29 to 40 GHz. The transmission line Q‐factor is found to vary from 110 to 130 over the band, which is shown by comparison of measurement data to be comparable to substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). PGGWG is found to have a phase constant of nearly double that of SIW using the same materials and manufacturing process. This is a significant result for system miniaturization.
Anti‐tumour immune response in GL261 glioblastoma generated by Temozolomide Immune‐Enhancing Metronomic Schedule monitored with MRSI‐based nosological images
Authors: Wu Shuang , Calero‐Pérez Pilar , Villamañan Lucia , Arias‐Ramos Nuria , Pumarola Martí , Ortega‐Martorell Sandra , Julià‐Sapé Margarida , Arús Carles , Candiota Ana Paula 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGlioblastomas (GB) are brain tumours with poor prognosis even after aggressive therapy. Improvements in both therapeutic and follow‐up strategies are urgently needed. In previous work we described an oscillatory pattern of response to Temozolomide (TMZ) using a standard administration protocol, detected through MRSI‐based machine learning approaches. In the present work, we have introduced the Immune‐Enhancing Metronomic Schedule (IMS) with an every 6‐d TMZ administration at 60 mg/kg and investigated the consistence of such oscillatory behaviour. A total of n = 17 GL261 GB tumour‐bearing C57BL/6j mice were studied with MRI/MRSI every 2 d, and the oscillatory behaviour (6.2 ± 1.5 d period from the TMZ administration day) was confirmed during response. Furthermore, IMS‐TMZ produced significant improvement in mice survival (22.5 ± 3.0 d for controls vs 135.8 ± 78.2 for TMZ‐treated), outperforming standard TMZ treatment. Histopathological correlation was investigated in selected tumour samples (n = 6) analyzing control and responding fields. Significant differences were found for CD3+ cells (lymphocytes, 3.3 ± 2.5 vs 4.8 ± 2.9, respectively) and Iba‐1 immunostained area (microglia/macrophages, 16.8% ± 9.7% and 21.9% ± 11.4%, respectively). Unexpectedly, during IMS‐TMZ treatment, tumours from some mice (n = 6) fully regressed and remained undetectable without further treatment for 1 mo. These animals were considered “cured” and a GL261 re‐challenge experiment performed, with no tumour reappearance in five out of six cases. Heterogeneous therapy response outcomes were detected in tumour‐bearing mice, and a selected group was investigated (n = 3 non‐responders, n = 6 relapsing tumours, n = 3 controls). PD‐L1 content was found ca. 3‐fold increased in the relapsing group when comparing with control and non‐responding groups, suggesting that increased lymphocyte inhibition could be associated to IMS‐TMZ failure. Overall, data suggest that host immune response has a relevant role in therapy response/escape in GL261 tumours under IMS‐TMZ therapy. This is associated to changes in the metabolomics pattern, oscillating every 6 d, in agreement with immune cycle length, which is being sampled by MRSI‐derived nosological images.
An analysis of motivation strategies used within the small‐group Accelerating Mathematics Performance through Practice Strategies (AMPPS‐SG) program
Authors: Begeny John C. , Codding Robin S. , Wang Jiayi , Hida Rahma M. , Patterson Sierra L. , Kessler Sarah , Fields‐Turner Felicia , Ramos Kimberly A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMore than half of students in the USA perform below a proficient level in math. Although evidence suggests that intervention in elementary school is critical to supporting struggling learners, and there are several research‐supported instructional practices to support students with math difficulties, the existing research is limited with regard to the impact of motivational strategies designed to improve students’ math skills. This study examined the effectiveness of specific motivational strategies used in the small‐group Accelerating Mathematics Performance through Practice Strategies (AMPPS‐SG) intervention program. A multiple baseline design was used with three instructional groups of second grade students to compare the relative effectiveness of three different conditions on students’ math computation skills. Condition 1 included all of the AMPPS‐SG instructional components. Condition 2 included all instructional procedures as well as goal‐setting, performance feedback, and reinforcement for performance. Condition 3 included all components used in Condition 2, as well as a group‐based reward contingency. Results showed that students’ performance during Condition 3 was significantly better than performance during Conditions 1 and 2.
Registration of ‘KS Venada’ hard white winter wheat
Authors: Zhang Guorong , Martin Terry J. , Fritz Allan K. , Regan Rebecca , Bai Guihua , Chen Ming‐Shun , Bowden Robert L. , Jin Yue , Chen Xianming , Kolmer James A. , Seabourn Bradford W. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract‘KS Venada’ (Reg. no. CV‐1159, PI 690467) hard white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed at the Agricultural Research Center–Hays, Kansas State University, and released by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station in 2018. KS Venada was selected from a single cross HV9W05‐415W/Fred‐2‐18‐2 made in 2007 at Hays, KS. The objective of this cross was to develop a hard white winter wheat cultivar with adaptation to dryland production in Kansas. KS Venada was developed using a modified bulk breeding method. KS Venada is an F5‐derived line with experimental number KS13HW92‐3, and it was tested in the Kansas Intra‐state Nursery for 4 yr. KS Venada is medium late and medium tall, with high grain volume weight. KS Venada was released because of its competitive grain yield in central and western Kansas, good end‐use quality and disease resistance, and improved preharvest sprouting tolerance and straw strength.
Profiling the Protein Targets of Unmodified Bio‐Active Molecules with Drug Affinity Responsive Target Stability and Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Hwang Hui‐Yun , Kim Tae Young , Szász Marcell A. , Dome Balazs , Malm Johan , Marko‐Varga Gyorgy , Kwon Ho Jeong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIdentifying the target proteins of bioactive small molecules is a key step in understanding mode‐of‐action of the drug and addressing the underlying mechanisms responsible for a particular phenotype. Proteomics has been successfully used to elucidate the target protein profiles of unmodified and ligand‐modified bioactive small molecules. In the latter approach, compounds can be modified via click chemistry and combined with activity‐based protein profiling. Target proteins are then enriched by performing a pull‐down with the modified ligand. Methods that utilize unmodified bioactive small molecules include the cellular thermal shift assay, thermal proteome profiling, stability of proteins from rates of oxidation, and the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) determination (or read‐out). This review highlights recent proteomic approaches utilizing data‐dependent analysis and data‐independent analysis to identify target proteins by DARTS. When combined with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, DARTS enables the identification of proteins that bind to drug molecules that leads to a conformational change in the target protein(s). In addition, an effective strategy is proposed for selecting the target protein(s) from within the pool of analyzed candidates. With additional complementary methods, the biologically relevant target proteins that bind to the small bio‐active molecules can be further validated.
A flexible procedure for mixture proportion estimation in positive‐unlabeled learning
Authors: Lin Zhenfeng , Long James P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPositive‐unlabeled (PU) learning considers two samples, a positive set P with observations from only one class and an unlabeled set U with observations from two classes. The goal is to classify observations in U. Class mixture proportion estimation (MPE) in U is a key step in PU learning. Blanchard et al. showed that MPE in PU learning is a generalization of the problem of estimating the proportion of true null hypotheses in multiple testing problems. Motivated by this idea, we propose reducing the problem to one‐dimension via construction of a probabilistic classifier trained on the P and U data sets followed by application of a one‐dimensional mixture proportion method from the multiple testing literature to the observation class probabilities. The flexibility of this framework lies in the freedom to choose the classifier and the one‐dimensional MPE method. We prove consistency of two mixture proportion estimators using bounds from empirical process theory, develop tuning parameter free implementations, and demonstrate that they have competitive performance on simulated waveform data and a protein signaling problem.
Preservice secondary science teachers’ understanding of academic language: Moving beyond “just the vocabulary”
Authors: Meier Valerie , Aminger Walter , McLean Mandy , Carpenter Stacey L. , Moon Sungmin , Hough Sarah , Bianchini Julie A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTo prepare preservice secondary science teachers to teach English learners (ELs), teacher education programs must provide sustained coursework and experiences in principles and strategies found effective in supporting ELs’ learning of science. In the context of a teacher education program recognized for its attention to ELs, we investigated seven preservice secondary science teachers’ understanding of academic language and of how to support EL students’ use of academic language. More specifically, over the course of their 13‐month program, we examined changes in (a) preservice teachers’ understanding of the three levels of academic language (i.e., lexical, or vocabulary; syntactic, or sentence; and discursive, or message) and (b) the types of instructional support they reported using at each level (e.g., peer collaboration at the discursive level). We also compared their understanding of academic language and instructional support both to their experienced cooperating teachers’ understanding and to their actual classroom practice. From qualitative analysis of data collected, we found that preservice teachers understood academic language as more than just vocabulary—as spanning lexical, syntactic, and discursive levels—although they reported implementing more types of supports at the lexical and discursive levels than at the syntactic level. We also found that preservice teacher participants’ understanding of academic language and instructional support resonated with that of their cooperating teachers and with their own classroom practice. We close with discussion of ways teacher education programs can deepen and broaden preservice secondary science teachers’ understanding of the role of academic language in ELs’ science learning
Exploring the role of coherence in science teachers’ sensemaking of science‐specific formative assessment in professional development
Authors: Heredia Sara C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study explores the role of conceptual coherence in science teacher learning of science‐specific formative assessment. Conceptual coherence refers to the alignment of ideas about teaching and learning and may be difficult with certain teaching practices, like formative assessment, that have a central role in accountability mechanisms in schools. The case study analyzes how one department of science teachers surfaced and managed issues of coherence as they developed and implemented science‐specific formative assessments during a 3‐year, job‐embedded professional development program. The issues of coherence shifted over the course of the 3 years of professional development as organizational changes happened at the district and the school. These shifting sources of incoherence resulted in varied uptake and use of the resources provided through professional development. When the source of incoherence was with changes introduced by the district or the school administration, the teachers did not leverage the resources provided by the professional development team. However, when the teachers surfaced issues of coherence in their classroom instruction, the science teachers relied on the professional development resources in their sensemaking. The results of this study have implications for the design of science teacher professional learning to provide teachers opportunities to manage sources of incoherence as they work to implement new instructional practices in their classrooms.