bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bloodstream Infections With Candida auris Among Children in Colombia: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of 34 Cases
Authors: Berrio Indira , Caceres Diego H , Coronell R Wilfrido , Salcedo Soraya , Mora Laura , Marin Adriana , Varón Carmen , Lockhart Shawn R , Escandón Patricia , Berkow Elizabeth L , Rivera Sandra , Chiller Tom , Vallabhaneni Snigdha 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast that can cause invasive infections and healthcare-associated outbreaks. Here, we describe 34 cases of pediatric C. auris bloodstream infections (BSIs) identified during July 2014–October 2017 in 2 hospitals in Colombia.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of microbiology records for possible C. auris cases in 2 hospitals in Barranquilla and Cartagena. BSIs that occurred in patients aged &lt;18 years confirmed as C. auris were included in this analysis.

Results
We identified 34 children with C. auris BSIs. Twenty-two (65%) patients were male, 21% were aged &lt;28 days, 47% were aged 29–365 days, and 32% were aged &gt;1 year. Underlying conditions included preterm birth (26%), being malnourished (59%), cancer (12%), solid-organ transplant (3%), and renal disease (3%). Eighty-two percent had a central venous catheter (CVC), 82% were on respiratory support, 56% received total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 15% had a surgical procedure, and 9% received hemodialysis. Preinfection inpatient stay was 22 days (interquartile range, 19–33 days), and in-hospital mortality was 41%.

Conclusions
Candida auris affects children with a variety of medical conditions including prematurity and malignancy, as well as children with CVCs and those who receive TPN. Mortality was high, with nearly half of patients dying before discharge. However, unlike most other Candida species, C. auris can be transmitted in healthcare settings, as suggested by the close clustering of cases in time at each of the hospitals.
Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast that can cause invasive infections and healthcare-associated outbreaks. This report describes 34 cases of pediatric C. auris bloodstream infections, identified in two hospitals in Colombia, South America.
Developing professional knowledge through innovation in higher education
Authors: Stalheim Odd Rune 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how pedagogical innovations in practical training facilitate professional learning among higher education (HE) students.Design/methodology/approachThrough individual and group interviews and observations, this explorative phenomenological study investigates a technological innovation in nursing education and a student-driven innovation in architectural education, which provide the background for discussion on the potential of professional development through innovative work-based learning (WBL).FindingsThe findings revealed that increased involvement and engagement through innovative WBL in real-life scenarios increases students' confidence in their abilities, their critical commitment to their education and their professional knowledge.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited by the number of participants, which reduces the opportunity to compare results based on, e.g. the different roles of the students or their enrolment status. However, few studies address the students' voices in innovation processes; therefore, the results offer valuable knowledge to inform development work in HE.Practical implicationsThe results suggest a stronger emphasis on “scholarship of practice” to increase attention to practice and professional knowledge as a formalised part of the core tasks in HE.Originality/valueThe paper showcases the importance of a learning paradigm that includes students in innovation processes and underscores the value of pedagogical innovation in WBL for students' professional development.
Identifying building obsolescence: towards increasing buildings' service life
Authors: Pourebrahimi Mohammad , Eghbali Seyed Rahman , Pereira Roders Ana 
Published: April 2020

PurposeObsolescence is a decline or loss of utility of an object, building or product. Different types of building obsolescence decrease buildings’ utility and shorten their service life. The purpose of this paper is identification of building obsolescence types and the relevant factors that affect buildings to become obsolete. It is also intended to categorise building obsolescence types to provide a contribution towards increasing building service life and delivering sustainability.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review is applied to conduct this research. It follows five steps: (1) formulating the research question; (2) locating studies; (3) selecting and evaluating relevant studies; (4) analysing the findings; (5) reporting and making use of the results.FindingsVia this study, it is revealed that there are 33 types of building obsolescence. They are clustered in 10 categories regarding their conceptual and causing aspects and are presented based on their recurrence in the literature. According to the findings, economic obsolescence (including economic, financial and market obsolescence types) and functional obsolescence (including functional, use and utility obsolescence types) are the most remarkable categories.Originality/valueInvestigating the literature makes it clear that building obsolescence types have been studied intermittently with infrequent profound exploration of the relationship between them. This paper presents a comprehensive identification of building obsolescence types and introduces obsolescence categories that classify connected obsolescence types. It is a new framework for further studies on building obsolescence to find more effective prevention strategies to mitigate social, economic and environmental consequences of building obsolescence.
Dispersion‐relationship‐preserving seismic modelling using the cross‐rhombus stencil with the finite‐difference coefficients solved by an over‐determined linear system
Authors: Chen Guiting , Wang Yanfei , Wang Zhenli , Zhang Shuyang 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTFinite‐difference modeling with a cross‐rhombus stencil with high‐order accuracy in both spatial and temporal derivatives is a potential method for efficient seismic simulation. The finite‐difference coefficients determined by Taylor‐series expansion usually preserve the dispersion property in a limited wavenumber range and fixed angles of propagation. To construct the dispersion‐relationship‐preserving scheme for satisfying high‐wavenumber components and multiple angles, we expand the dispersion relation of the cross‐rhombus stencil to an over‐determined system and apply a regularization method to obtain the stable least‐squares solution of the finite‐difference coefficients. The new dispersion‐relationship‐preserving based scheme not only satisfies several designated wavenumbers but also has high‐order accuracy in temporal discretization. The numerical analysis demonstrates that the new scheme possesses a better dispersion characteristic and more relaxed stability conditions compared with the Taylor‐series expansion based methods. Seismic wave simulations for the homogeneous model and the Sigsbee model demonstrate that the new scheme yields small dispersion error and improves the accuracy of the forward modelling.
Radix Tetrastigma extract from different origins protect RAW264.7 macrophages against LPS‐induced inflammation
Authors: Li Yonglu , Jiang Yong , Chu Qiang , Zheng Xiaodong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRadix Tetrastigma (RT) is a medicinal plant and functional food in China, distributed in various places in the south of China. Radix Tetrastigma extract (RTE) from different origins were collected and analyzed for their anti‐inflammatory effects. Different RTEs showed different abilities to suppress shape deformation, decrease the nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequently, their bioactive components were compared, and results showed RTEs are rich in flavonoid (85.25‐436.70 mg RE/g DW), polysaccharides (100.45‐349.26 mg glucose/g DW), phenolic (12.92‐225.40 mg GAE/g DW) and protein contents (4.429‐7.719 mg/g DW). Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation studies indicated that anti‐inflammatory capacity could be more associated with total flavonoid contents. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Ultraperformance liquid chromatography‐time‐of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐TOF/MS) analysis were conducted, and results showed that rutin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol‐3‐O‐rutinoside and astragalin were main flavonoid compounds, among them astragalin exhibited a prior protective effect, suggesting it might be responsible for RTE's excellent anti‐inflammatory capacity.
Cosine adapted modified whale optimization algorithm for control of switched reluctance motor
Authors: Saha Nutan , Panda Sidhartha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhale optimization algorithm (WOA) imitates social conduct of humpback whales which is inspired by bubble net hunting strategy of humpback whales. In the present study, Cosine adapted modified whale optimization algorithm (CamWOA) which is a modified version of WOA, has been proposed where cosine function is incorporated for the selection of control parameter “d” which governs the position of whales during optimization process. Also, correction factors are employed to modify the movement of search agents during the search process. These changes provide a proper balance between exploration and exploitation phases in CamWOA technique. The performance of CamWOA is analyzed by testing on a set of benchmark functions and compared with other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. It is observed that CamWOA outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art metaheuristic algorithms in majority of benchmark functions. The efficiency of CamWOA is also evaluated by solving a multiobjective engineering problem pertaining to control of switched reluctance motor. The simulation results confirm that CamWOA yields very promising and competitive results compared to that of WOA and other metaheuristic optimization algorithms.
Viral etiology of life‐threatening pediatric pneumonia: A matched case‐control study
Authors: Yu Jianxing , Qian Suyun , Liu Chunyan , Xiao Yan , Xu Teng , Wang Ying , Su Hang , Chen Lan , Yuan Bin , Wang Xinming , Xu Baoping , Yang Yan , Shen Kunling , Xie Zhengde , Ren Lili , Wang Jianwei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPediatric pneumonia remains a significant health challenge, while the viral risk factors for adverse outcomes in pediatric pneumonia are not yet fully clear.MethodsA matched case‐control study of pediatric patients with pneumonia was carried out in Beijing, China, between 2007 and 2015. The study enrolled 334 intensive care unit patients who developed life‐threatening diseases and 522 controls matched to the sex, age, ethnicity, admission dates, and residing district of the cases suffered from pneumonia. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were taken from all participants and tested by PCR for 18 common respiratory viruses.ResultsAt least, one virus was detected in 257 (77%) of the cases and 409 (78%) of the controls. We observed no difference in the prevalence of 17 respiratory viruses between cases and controls but found a higher frequency of influenza A virus (IFV‐A) in the cases than in the controls (7% vs 4%, P = .036). After adjusting for comorbid conditions and a history of reactive airway diseases, IFV‐A was associated with an increase in life‐threatening pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.24‐5.24). Young age and congenital heart disease (aOR = 10.16‐10.27, P < .001) were also independent risk factors.ConclusionsThe prevention of IFV infection is critical in decreasing the risk of life‐threatening pneumonia in children.
Comparison of laparoscopic and open appendectomy on wound infection and healing in complicated appendicitis
Authors: Güler Yılmaz , Karabulut Zülfikar , Çaliş Hasan , Şengül Serkan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of laparoscopic and open surgery on the development of postoperative surgical wound infection and wound healing between complicated appendicitis patients. Patients with complicated appendicitis were divided into those underwent laparoscopic and open surgical procedures according to the surgical method. Patients were followed up with regard to development of any postoperative wound infection, and medical, radiological, and surgical treatment methods and results were recorded. A total of 363 patients who underwent appendectomy were examined, of which 103 (28.4%) had complicated appendicitis. Postoperative wound infection rate in patients who underwent open surgery was 15.9%, while it was 6.8% in the laparoscopic surgery group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of infection development rates (P > .05). The rate of surgical drainage use and rehospitalisation was significantly higher in the group with wound infection than in the group without wound infection. (P < .05). We suggest that in terms of wound infection and wound healing, laparoscopic surgery should be the method of choice for patients with complicated appendicitis. In order to reduce the frequency of wound infection, drains should not be kept for a long time in patients undergoing appendectomy.
Adherence to follow‐up recommendations for dogs with apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma: A multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Chambers Aidan R. , Skinner Owen T. , Mickelson Megan A. , Schlag Ariel N. , Butler James Ryan , Wallace Mandy L. , Moyer Ashley L. , Vinayak Arathi , Samuel Nina , Kennedy Katie C. , Oakes Katherine E. , Scharf Valery F. , Parker Lindsay A. , Wustefeld‐Janssens Brandan G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractProgressive disease is common following anal sacculectomy for apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASACA); additional therapy may prolong survival. Adherence to medical recommendations influences therapeutic success in humans. The purpose of this study was to assess the adherence to follow‐up recommendations in dogs with AGASACA. Medical records of patients that underwent anal sacculectomy for AGASACA, with or without iliosacral lymphadenectomy, between July 2015 and July 2018, were reviewed at eight referral institutions to assess post‐operative recommendations and owner adherence to recommendations. One hundred and seventy‐four dogs were included, of which 162 underwent unilateral anal sacculectomy, 12 underwent bilateral anal sacculectomy and 39 underwent concurrent iliosacral lymphadenectomy. Seventy‐six owners (44%) received recommendations for staging at the time of discharge, histopathology results or at the first follow‐up visit. One hundred and forty owners (80%) received recommendations for treatment following the initial surgery. Fifty of seventy‐six (66%) owners pursued at least one staging recommendation and 69 of 140 (49%) owners pursued some kind of adjuvant treatment recommendation. Overall, 16 of 76 (21%) were adherent to staging recommendations with 20 adherent for the first year following surgery (26%). Forty‐seven of 140 (34%) were adherent to treatment recommendations with 54 (39%) adherent for the first year. Owners that were adherent to restaging recommendations at 1 year following surgery were significantly more likely to pursue treatment for progressive disease (P = .014). Further work is required to assess owner motivation and evaluate strategies to improve adherence, given the potential impact on patient treatment.
Neoadjuvant PROSTVAC prior to radical prostatectomy enhances T-cell infiltration into the tumor immune microenvironment in men with prostate cancer
Authors: Abdul Sater Houssein , Marté Jennifer L , Donahue Renee N , Walter-Rodriguez Beatriz , Heery Christopher R , Steinberg Seth M , Cordes Lisa M , Chun Guinevere , Karzai Fatima , Bilusic Marijo , Harmon Stephanie A , Turkbey Ismail Baris , Choyke Peter L , Schlom Jeffrey , Dahut William L , Madan Ravi A , Pinto Peter A , Gulley James L 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundClinical trials have shown the ability of therapeutic vaccines to generate immune responses to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). What is relatively less known is if this translates into immune-cell (IC) infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. This study examined whether neoadjuvant prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-targeted vaccination with PROSTVAC could induce T-cell immunity, particularly at the tumor site.MethodsAn open-label, phase II study of neoadjuvant PROSTVAC vaccine enrolled 27 patients with localized prostate cancer awaiting radical prostatectomy (RP). We evaluated increases in CD4 and CD8 T-cell infiltrates (RP tissue vs baseline biopsies) using a six-color multiplex immunofluorescence Opal method. Antigen-specific responses were assessed by intracellular cytokine staining after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with overlapping 15-mer peptide pools encoding the TAAs PSA, brachyury and MUC-1.ResultsOf 27 vaccinated patients, 26 had matched prevaccination (biopsy) and postvaccination (RP) prostate samples available for non-compartmentalized analysis (NCA) and compartmentalized analysis (CA). Tumor CD4 T-cell infiltrates were significantly increased in postvaccination RP specimens compared with baseline biopsies by NCA (median 176/mm² vs 152/mm²; IQR 136–317/mm² vs 69–284/mm²; p=0.0249; median ratio 1.20; IQR 0.64–2.25). By CA, an increase in both CD4 T-cell infiltrates at the tumor infiltrative margin (median 198/mm² vs 151/mm²; IQR 123–500/mm² vs 85–256/mm²; p=0.042; median ratio 1.44; IQR 0.59–4.17) and in CD8 T-cell infiltrates at the tumor core (median 140/mm² vs 105/mm²; IQR 91–175/mm² vs 83–163/mm²; p=0.036; median ratio 1.25; IQR 0.88–2.09) were noted in postvaccination RP specimens compared with baseline biopsies. A total of 13/25 patients (52%) developed peripheral T-cell responses to any of the three tested TAAs (non-neoantigens); five of these had responses to more than one antigen of the three evaluated.ConclusionNeoadjuvant PROSTVAC can induce both tumor immune response and peripheral immune response.Trial registration numberNCT02153918.
A liminaridade das práticas pedagógicas da cena
Authors: Leal Dodi 
Published: April 2020

Qual o potencial das fronteiras da cena em expor os ditames políticos vigentes no sistema educacional de um país? Que visualidades da cena são interditadas na contemporaneidade? De que modo as censuras vividas na cena teatral transgênera no Brasil do século XXI matizam as normatividades de uma pedagogia antidemocrática de Estado? E, por fim, qual poderia ser o papel da arte da performance na defesa da educação democrática? Este artigo propõe uma reflexão teórica sobre a luta por Direitos Humanos no campo da Educação, desenrolada a partir do olhar sobre os processos recentes de pedagogia teatral e da arte da performance. Com base no texto de Boal (2009), no qual a Estética é qualificada como um Direito Humano, pretendemos levantar nos atributos de liminaridade da arte da performance vetores democráticos que possam subsidiar as práticas pedagógicas da cena. Para tanto, retomamos o conceito de liminar, proveniente da Antropologia Social (TURNER, 1974), e indicamos como sua aproximação ao campo das Artes, por Caballero (2011), promoveu-lhe expansão e sutileza ao sublinhar que a efemeridade do fenômeno cênico liquefaz as tensões políticas em modo de uma pedagogia fronteiriça. Como indicativos críticos do texto, aventamos três proposições de liminaridade da cena: a excentricidade, a ética da coralidade votiva e o pensamento situado. Pretende-se perceber de que maneira esses dispositivos visuais da arte da performance estão no bojo do ataque e da resistência no contexto da defesa da educação democrática.
Biagioniite, Tl2SbS2, from the Hemlo gold deposit, Marathon, Ontario, Canada: occurrence and crystal structure
Authors: Bindi Luca , Moëlo Yves 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBiagioniite, ideally Tl2SbS2, is a new mineral from the Hemlo gold deposit, Marathon, Ontario, Canada. It occurs as very rare anhedral crystals up to 65 μm across associated with aurostibite, stibarsen and native gold in a calcite matrix. Biagioniite is opaque with a metallic lustre and shows a black streak. In reflected light biagioniite is moderately bireflectant and not pleochroic. Under crossed polars it is weakly anisotropic with blueish to light-blue rotation tints. Internal reflections are absent.Reflectance percentages for the four standard wavelengths (RminandRmax) are 35.9 and 37.5 (471.1 nm); 34.7 and 36.2 (548.3 nm); 33.8 and 35.3 (586.6 nm); and 31.5 and 33.7 (652.3 nm), respectively. A mean of four electron microprobe analyses gave: Tl 65.12(31), Ag 3.52(9), Sb 20.22(12), S 10.80(8), total 99.66 wt.%, corresponding, on the basis of a total of 5 atoms, to (Tl1.87Ag0.19)Σ2.06Sb0.97S1.97. Biagioniite is monoclinic, space groupPc, witha= 11.0895(9),b= 14.3124(11),c= 7.9352(6) Å, β = 96.230(8)°,V= 1252.02(17) Å3andZ= 8. The four strongest powder-diffraction lines [din Å (I/I0) (hkl)] are: 3.56 (100) (310); 3.37 (75) ($\bar{2}$31); 3.79 (60) (012); 3.03 (60) (032). In the crystal structure [R1= 0.024 for 2655 reflections withI> 2σ(I)], thallium adopts various coordinations extending from quasi-linear to quasi-tetrahedral. Antimony forms Sb–Sb pairs, which lead to the formula [Tl+1]4[Sb2]4+[S2–]4. Biagioniite is isostructural with dervillite, Ag2AsS2. The new mineral has been approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (IMA2019–120) and named for Cristian Biagioni, Associate Professor of Mineralogy at the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Pisa, Italy.
Robust examination of political structural breaks and abnormal stock returns in Egypt
Authors: Eldomiaty Tarek Ibrahim , Anwar Marwa , Magdy Nebal , Hakam Mohamed Nabil 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeThis paper uses the event study methodology to analyze the impact of unexpected political event on stocks abnormal returns. The objective is twofold. The first is to reach robust estimates of stocks abnormal returns. The second is to reach robust estimates of the effects of unexpected political events on stocks abnormal returns.Design/methodology/approachThis paper experiments with three different methods to estimate stocks abnormal returns, namely: market model, mean-adjusted model and market-adjusted model. The sample includes the firms listed in the leading index in Egypt stock exchange (EGX30). The statistical tests, Anderson–Darling test for normality, Wilcoxon rank-sum test for comparing the significance of the estimates, and Breusch–Pagan, Cook–Weisberg test for heterogeneity of abnormal returns.FindingsThe results indicate that (a) statistical differences between the three estimates exist, which indicates that the three methods of abnormal return estimation are not substitutes, or alternatives, to each other, (b) that is, the political event is considered an anomaly which has idiosyncratic effects. This is contrary to the common belief that political events have systematic effects.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is twofold. First, the estimation of abnormal returns must be examined for robustness in order to ensure reliability. Second, the results offer robust evidence that political risk premium is an anomaly, which is a call for stock market participants not to panic. Eventually, it saves investors’ wealth.