bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy and early labour using Nugent scoring and the implication on foetal outcome
Authors: Sule-Odu Adewale O. , Oluwole Adedayo A. , Akadri Adebayo A. , Andu Babatunde A. , Akiseku Adeniyi K. , Osinupebi Olubunmi A. , Lawal Ismail A. , Oritogun Kolawole S. 
Published: July 2020

Background: To compare the pattern of vaginal microflora during pregnancy with pattern in early labour using Nugent scoring and determine the effect of these changes on fetal outcome.
Design: A prospective longitudinal study.
Setting and Population: Pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria between June 2017 and May 2018.
Methods: Consenting pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics were recruited. Vaginal secretions were obtained for Nugent scoring during pregnancy and at presentation in labour.
Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence of abnormal vaginal flora in pregnancy and early labour, birth outcome, birth weight, gestational age at delivery, APGAR scores, need for neonatal ward admission.
Results: Sixty-seven (33.3%) of pregnant women had abnormal flora which was consistent with bacterial vaginosis.At the presentation of these women in labour, 14.4% of them had bacterial vaginosis thus indicating a significant reduction in abnormal vaginal flora in labour compared to the proportion of abnormal flora in antenatal period(P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the fetal outcomes of mothers with bacterial vaginosis when compared with those with normal vaginal flora (P-value >0.05).
Conclusions: Persistence of abnormal vaginal microflora from pregnancy till early labour did not seem to be associated with poorer foetal outcomes when compared with women with normal vaginal microflora in labour. The possibility of persistent infection or re-infection before labour may justify the need for re-evaluation of vaginal smears in the late third trimester to allow for prompt treatment before the onset of labour.
Keywords: Bacterial vaginosis, foetal outcome, Lactobacillus, pregnancy, vaginal microflora.
Funding: This research work was sponsored by the Tertiary Education Trust Fund, Nigeria (TETFund) with referencenumber OOU/IBR/010.
Q methodological study on stakeholder involvement processes that support process use of evaluation in the Upper Regions, Ghana
Authors: Akanbang Bernard Afiik Akanpabadai , Dugle Gordon , Akaateba Millicent Awialie 
Published: July 2020

This paper uses Q Methodology to ascertain the views of project staff on how they could be involved in evaluation in order to enhance process use. Structured interviews were conducted with twenty-five project staff who participated in two project evaluations within the context of participatory evaluation in Ghana. It emerged that the use of Q Methodology in evaluation studies enhances the mainstreaming of process use by helping to focus on the critical issues in participatory evaluation practice. Process use is enhanced when ample time is provided for intensive interaction with evaluation stakeholders from the formative stage of evaluation. Process use also requires evaluators to create an environment that is supportive of mutual interaction and closeness in working relations with stakeholders. The research concludes that process use in evaluation is attained through well-planned evaluation that gives voice to project staff and emphasises shared learning. The study recommends critical attention to active participation of project staff, group processes and shared learning, if process use is to be achieved by evaluation. Further research is needed to clarify which form(s) of stakeholder involvement in evaluations contributes more positively to process use.
AKAL DAN PENGETAHUAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Erma Yulita  
Published: July 2020

Allah Swt menetapkan manusia sebagai Khalifatullah, karena selain memiliki bentuk fisik yang sempurna, manusia juga dianugerahi potensi yang membedakannya dengan mahluk ciptaan Allah lainnya yaitu akal. Akal berarti daya pikir yang terdapat dalam jiwa manusia, daya yang digambarkan Al-Qur’an untuk memperoleh pengetahuan dengan memperhatikan alam sekitar, bahkan dalam Al-Qur’an kata ‘aql di ulang sebanyak 46 kali. Oleh karena itu, akal menjadi kunci untuk mendapatkan sejumlah pengetahuan dari alam semesta beserta isinya melalui isyarat-isyarat ilmiah yang terdapat dalam ayat-ayat kuaniyah.
Untuk memperoleh ilmu pengetahuan melalui isyarat-isyarat ilmiah tersebut, manusia dituntut untuk mengembangkan potensi-potensi yang dimilikinya, salah satu potensi yang paling urgen adalah akal, karena melalui proses akal manusia mampu berpikir logis dan kritis sehingga dapat menghasilkan banyak pengetahuan, dengan catatan pengetahuan yang diperoleh itu memberikan manfaat kepada orang lain sebagai bentuk hasil olah akal pikiran yang rahmatan lil a’lamin. Hal ini telah dilakukan para pemikir-pemikir Islam terdahulu, melalui kajian Al-Qur’an berdasarkan isyarat-isyarat ilmiah dengan ketekunan dan kesungguhan mereka telah membuktikannya. Salah seorang di antaranya adalah Ibnu Sina yang terkenal dengan ilmu kedokterannya, memberikan sumbangsih yang luar biasa dalam perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, khususnya dalam perkembangan dunia medis.
Oleh karena itu, Allah Swt melalui kalam-Nya dalam Al-Qur’an mencela orang-orang yang tidak menggunakan akalnya untuk mencari pengetahuan yang sangat luas di jagat raya ini, karena sama saja dengan memubazirkan potensi akal yang sangat berharga tersebut. Jadi Al-Qur’an sebagai Kalamullah tidak hanya membahas tentang masalah ibadah atau sebatas Hablumminallah, tetapi juga sarat akan perintah pengembangan akal dan pengetahuan yang memberikan sumbangsih yang luar biasa dalam proses kehidupan manusia dalam konteks perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi.
Kata kunci: Akal, Pengetahuan, Al-Qur’an
PROBLEMATIKA PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA (TELAAH ASPEK BUDAYA)
Authors: Masriani Masriani  
Published: July 2020

Pendidik dan budaya merupakan dua hal penting yang saling terkait satu sama lain dalam peningkatan kualitas hidup manusia. Di satu sisi, pengembangan dan pelestarian kebudayaan berlangsung dalam suatu proses pendidikan dan memerlukan perekayasaan pendidikan karena budaya adalah hasil cipta, rasa dan karsa manusia. Dalam era Globalisasi, pendidikan menemui tantangannya, dimana harus selalu berbenah dan memegang prinsip-prinsip pendidikan sebagai wahana penyadaran diri dan proses humanisasi tanpa mengorbankan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan. Sebagai investasi jangka panjang dalam pembangunan, pendidikan harus menghindarkan dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan laju arus globalisasi. Yakni dengan menawarkan reparadigmatisasi pendidikan sebagai upaya preventif, dan harus menjadi tanggung jawab semua komponen anak bangsa di negeri ini.
Abstrak: Budaya, Pendidikan, Globalisasi
A vacuum ultraviolet ion source (VUV-IS) for iodide–chemical ionization mass spectrometry: a substitute for radioactive ion sources
Authors: Ji Yi , Huey L. Gregory , Tanner David J. , Lee Young Ro , Veres Patrick R. , Neuman J. Andrew , Wang Yuhang , Wang Xinming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. A new ion source (IS) utilizing vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light is developed and characterized for use with iodide–chemical ionization mass
spectrometers (I−-CIMS). The VUV-IS utilizes a compact krypton lamp that emits light at two wavelengths corresponding to energies of
∼10.030 and 10.641 eV. The VUV light photoionizes either methyl iodide (ionization potential, IP = 9.54 ± 0.02 eV)
or benzene (IP = 9.24378 ± 0.00007 eV) to form cations and photoelectrons. The electrons react with methyl iodide to form
I−, which serves as the reagent ion for the CIMS. The VUV-IS is characterized by measuring the sensitivity of a quadrupole CIMS (Q-CIMS) to
formic acid, molecular chlorine, and nitryl chloride under a variety of flow and pressure conditions. The sensitivity of the Q-CIMS, with the
VUV-IS, reached up to ∼700 Hz pptv−1, with detection limits of less than 1 pptv for a 1 min integration period. The
reliability of the Q-CIMS with a VUV-IS is demonstrated with data from a month-long ground-based field campaign. The VUV-IS is further tested by
operation on a high-resolution time-of-flight CIMS (TOF-CIMS). Sensitivities greater than 25 Hz pptv−1 were obtained for formic acid and
molecular chlorine, which were similar to that obtained with a radioactive source. In addition, the mass spectra from sampling ambient air was
cleaner with the VUV-IS on the TOF-CIMS compared to measurements using a radioactive source. These results demonstrate that the VUV lamp is a viable
substitute for radioactive ion sources on I−-CIMS systems for most applications. In addition, initial tests demonstrate that the VUV-IS can
be extended to other reagent ions by the use of VUV absorbers with low IPs to serve as a source of photoelectrons for high IP electron attachers,
such as SF6-.
Formes, objets et négation selon Granger
Authors: Schang Fabien 
Published: July 2020

Il s’agit de comprendre dans cet article l’opposition formulée par Gilles-Gaston Granger entre deux types de négation : la négation « radicale », d’un côté, et les négations « appliquées » de l’autre. Nous examinerons les propriétés de cette opposition, ainsi que les enseignements à en tirer sur la philosophie de la logique de Granger. Puis nous proposerons une théorie constructive des valeurs logiques considérées comme des objets structurés, consolidant à la fois l’unité de la théorie logique de Granger et son pluralisme philosophique.
L’authenticité : une esquisse de définition
Authors: Romano Claude 
Published: July 2020

L’objectif de cet article est de cerner la nature de l’idéal d’authenticité, si répandu dans notre culture et nos sociétés contemporaines. Tout d’abord, l’authenticité ne joue-t-elle pas un rôle analogue, par son ampleur et sa vocation à s’appliquer à la totalité de la vie, de ce qu’a été l’idéal de sagesse pour l’Antiquité ? D’autre part, l’authenticité peut-elle se définir simplement comme une sincérité intégrale ? N’est-elle pas plus proche de la vertu d’intégrité ? Nous nous efforçons de montrer l’insuffisance des deux principales voies pour approcher cette notion, celle des théories expressivistes de l’authenticité, d’inspiration romantique, et celle des théories volontaristes qui se sont développées dans le sillage de l’existentialisme : aucune de ces deux approches ne permet de répondre à ce que nous avons appelé le « problème difficile » de l’authenticité.
Le Divers et la diversité : quelle différence pour l’Acadie et pour la francophonie nord-américaine ? Réflexions autour d’un essai de Joseph Yvon Thériault
Authors: Bruce Clint 
Published: July 2020

Cet essai se veut une réponse, plutôt qu’uneréaction,à un billet du sociologue Joseph Yvon Thériault, « Je ne suis pas métis… ma mère me l’aurait dit », paru en décembre 2016 dans la revue électroniqueAstheure. Thériault y exprime son inquiétude quant à l’obsession grandissante du métissage identitaire en Acadie. Ainsi, la notion de diversité serait étrangère, voire nuisible à l’acadianité. Notre réflexion vise à mieux cerner ces enjeux qui se logent, selon nous, au coeur de l’étude des francophonies des Amériques. À l’aide d’exemples concrets, nous développons un plaidoyer pour une conscience historique du multiple à l’intérieur du fait acadien.
Bioinspired Multifunctional Cellular Plastics with a Negative Poisson’s Ratio for High Energy Dissipation
Authors: Li Dewen , Bu Xiaochen , Xu Zongpu , Luo Yingwu , Bai Hao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCellular plastics have been widely used in transportation, aerospace, and personal safety applications owing to their excellent mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties. It is highly desirable to impart them with a complex porous structure and composition distribution to obtain specific functionality for various engineering applications, which is challenging with conventional foaming technologies. Herein, it is demonstrated that this can be achieved through the controlled freezing process of a monomer/water emulsion, followed by cryopolymerization and room temperature thawing. As ice is used as a template, this method is environmentally friendly and capable of producing cellular plastics with various microstructures by harnessing the numerous morphologies of ice crystals. In particular, a cellular plastic with a radially aligned structure shows a negative Poisson’s ratio under compression. The rigid plastic shows a much higher energy dissipation capability compared to other materials with similar negative Poisson’s ratios. Additionally, the simplicity and scalability of this approach provides new possibilities for fabricating high‐performance cellular plastics with well‐defined porous structures and composition distributions.
Designer Metal–Organic Frameworks for Size‐Exclusion‐Based Hydrocarbon Separations: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Wang Hao , Liu Yunling , Li Jing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe separation of hydrocarbons is of primary importance in the petrochemical industry but remains a challenging process. Hydrocarbon separations have traditionally relied predominantly on costly and energy‐intensive heat‐driven procedures such as low‐temperature distillations. Adsorptive separation based on porous solids represents an alternative technology that is potentially more energy efficient for the separation of some hydrocarbons. Great efforts have been made recently not only in the development of adsorbents with optimal separation performance but also toward the subsequent implementation of adsorption‐based separation technology. Emerging as a relatively new class of multifunctional porous materials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) hold substantial promise as adsorbents for highly efficient separation of hydrocarbons. This is because of their exceptional and intrinsic porosity tunability, which enables size‐exclusion‐based separations that render the highest possible separation selectivity. In this review, recent advances in the development of MOFs for separation of selected groups of hydrocarbons are reviewed, including methane/C2 hydrocarbons, normal alkanes, alkane isomers, and alkane/alkene/alkyne and C8 alkylaromatics, with a particular focus on separations based on the size‐exclusion mechanism. Insights into tailor‐made structures, material design strategies, and structure–property relationships will be elucidated. In addition, the existing challenges and possible future directions of this important research field will be discussed.
Electrodeposited Negative Index Metamaterials with Visible and Near Infrared Response
Authors: Gómez‐Castaño Mayte , Garcia‐Pomar Juan Luis , Pérez Luis Alberto , Shanmugathasan Sharvina , Ravaine Serge , Mihi Agustín 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNegative index metamaterials have revolutionized the field of photonics because of their unconventional electromagnetic properties absent in naturally occurring materials. It remains a challenge however, to achieve strong negative refractive index at optical frequencies over large areas in a device compatible fashion. In this work, a scalable method for the straightforward production of fishnet‐like negative index metamaterials combining soft nanoimprinting and electrodeposition is reported. In four simple steps, 2D arrays of pillars surrounded by metal–insulator–metal stacks made of gold and air gaps are created. The proper design of the geometrical features leads to negative indices from the visible to the near infrared, with values from ‐1.2 at 700 nm to ‐2.8 at 910 nm. The metamaterials are prepared on transparent conductive electrodes hence ready for device implementation. In addition, the nanostructures display high optical quality, which is corroborated with numerical simulations under normal and oblique incidence. As a proof of concept, the accessibility to the porosity of the metamaterial by studying the spectral changes produced when infiltrating different liquids through the metallic layers is demonstrated. The resonant wavelength increasing with the refractive index of the media makes the metamaterials potential platforms for both negative index structures and optical sensors.
Mechanical, dielectric, and thermal properties of fluorosilicone rubber composites filled with silica/multiwall carbon nanotube hybrid fillers
Authors: Tan Changbin , Liu Guangliang , Yao Hao , Li Xiangyang , Li Gen , Qing Long , Yang Yan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, hybrid fillers consist of modified silica (SiO2) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) were used to improve the mechanical, dielectric, and thermal properties of fluorosilicone (FSR) composites via a direct mechanical mixing method. With the increase of CNT loading in SiO2/CNT hybrid loading ratio, the tensile properties, dielectric constant, electrical conductivity, and thermal properties all increase without a sharp sacrifice of flexibility. The dielectric constant of FSR‐S15/C5 achieved 7,370 @1 kHz, which is about four orders of the FSR‐S20, and the dielectric loss remains as low as 0.676 @1 kHz. Therefore, the linkage of SiO2and FSR chains not only enhances the interfacial interaction between the fillers and FSR matrix but also decreases the agglomeration of the fillers in matrix. What is more, modified SiO2and CNT were designed as the effective hybrid filler to improve the performance of the polymeric matrix through synergic effect.
Relating the role of green self‐concepts and identity on green purchasing behaviour: An empirical analysis
Authors: Sharma Nitika , Saha Raiswa , Sreedharan V. Raja , Paul Justin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAt present, consumers in emerging economies are becoming more conscious about environmental well‐being. Therefore, organizations compete to make their products and practices more eco‐friendly. Several studies have tried to explain the relationship between green consumerism and an individual's buying behaviour using traditional theories. However, there is quite a challenge in understanding the influence of green self‐concept (GSC) and green self‐identity (GSI) in predicting the green purchase intention (GPI) of consumers. Therefore, the authors developed six hypotheses to assess the relation between self‐concept and the GPI. The survey was conducted, and the responses were evaluated through the partial least square (PLS) method. The authors analysed the measurement model results (n = 717) and the direct and indirect mediating effect of the latent variable contributing to GPI. The measurement model results show that a significant relationship exists in the proposed model, namely, GSCs → green purchasing intentions, product self‐concept (PSC) → green purchasing intentions and GSI → green purchasing intentions. Further, the GSI acted as a mediator for the measurement model. The implications of the study can be used to understand the green consumer behavior in developing new strategies and policies for the organizational practice in emerging economies.
Does green innovation affect the financial performance of Multilatinas? The moderating role of ISO 14001 and R&D investment
Authors: Duque‐Grisales Eduardo , Aguilera‐Caracuel Javier , Guerrero‐Villegas Jaime , García‐Sánchez Encarnación 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between green innovation (GI) and financial performance (FP) in emerging markets multinationals from Latin America (Multilatinas). Aligned with the natural resource‐based view and institutional theory, and using moderated and hierarchical linear regression analyses with panel data from 86 listed firms during the period 2013–2017, we find that implementing effective GIs is not associated with greater FP. The paper also analyses the moderating effect of Environmental Management Systems (ISO 14001) and research and development (R&D) investment on the relationship between GI and FP. We find that Multilatinas' implementation of ISO 14001 does not affect the way they adopt GI and thus does not enhance their levels of FP, but a positive moderating effect is generated as companies increase their level of R&D investment. The paper expands knowledge of the way GI affects Multilatinas' FP, and these findings have policy implications for managers, policy makers, government and other institutions.
The Intersections of Race and Gender for Latina Midlevel Leaders
Authors: Garcia Lisa R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis chapter provides a portrait of midlevel Latina leadership in community colleges, focusing on the intersections of gender and race. The chapter will also examine the challenges and barriers Latinas face as midlevel leaders, the role of mentors, as well as provide recommendations for community colleges to help increase the numbers of Latina leaders in their institutions.
Characterization of a Membrane‐Bound O‐Acetyltransferase Involved in Trioxacarcin Biosynthesis Offers Insights into Its Catalytic Mechanism†
Authors: Yin Yue , Shen Yi , Meng Song , Zhang Mei , Pan Hai‐Xue , Tang Gong‐Li 
Published: July 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionTrioxacarcin A (TXN‐A) is a polycyclic aromatic natural product with remarkable biological activity. TxnB11, a membrane‐bound O‐acetyltransferase involved in TXN‐A biosynthesis that is difficult for protein manipulation, is biochemically characterized here for its acetylation function on C4‐sugar. A proposed catalytic mechanism is supported by transmembrane helix analysis and site‐directed mutagenesis, in which four conserved amino acid residues His35, Ser71, His100 and His317 are essential for enzyme activity. We tested the substrate tolerance of TxnB11 to acyl donors in vitro and found that TxnB11 can also utilize propionyl‐CoA and glycolyl‐CoA, resulting in two new TXN analogs with anti‐tumor activity. This work provides a first understanding of the catalytic mechanism of this unusual acyltransferase family and presents good candidates for creating structural diversity for natural products.
Poor prognosis of heart failure patients with in‐hospital worsening renal function and elevated BNP at discharge
Authors: Okabe Toshitaka , Yakushiji Tadayuki , Kido Takehiko , Kimura Taro , Asukai Yu , Shimazu Suguru , Saito Jumpei , Oyama Yuji , Igawa Wataru , Ono Morio , Ebara Seitaro , Yamashita Kennosuke , Yamamoto Myong Hwa , Amemiya Kisaki , Isomura Naoei , Ochiai Masahiko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsOur purpose was to investigate the association between the B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level at discharge, the occurrence of worsening renal function (WRF), and long‐term outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF).Methods and resultsWe enrolled hospitalized acute HF patients. We divided patients into four groups on the basis of BNP <250 pg/mL (BNP−) or BNP ≥250 pg/mL (BNP+) at discharge and the occurrence of WRF during admission: BNP−/WRF−, BNP−/WRF+, BNP+/WRF−, and BNP+/WRF+. We evaluated the association between BNP at discharge, WRF, and cardiovascular/all‐cause mortality/hospitalization due to HF. Clinical follow‐up was completed in 301 patients. At discharge, percentages of the patients with clinical signs of HF were low and similar among four groups. The median follow‐up period was 1206 days (interquartile range, 733–1825 days). The composite endpoint of cardiovascular mortality and HF hospitalization was significantly different between the four groups [12.9% (BNP−/WRF−), 22.7% (BNP−/WRF+), 35.8% (BNP+/WRF−), and 55.4% (BNP+/WRF+), P < 0.0001]. All‐cause mortality was also different etween the four groups (15.1%, 38.6%, 28.7%, and 39.3%, respectively, P = 0.003). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, the combination of BNP ≥250 pg/mL and WRF showed the highest hazard ratio (HR) for composite endpoint (HR, 5.201; 95% confidence interval, 2.582–11.11; P < 0.0001), and BNP−/WRF+ was associated with increased all‐cause mortality (HR, 2.286; 95% confidence interval, 1.089–4.875; P = 0.03). Patients in BNP+/WRF+ had a higher cardiovascular mortality (28.6%), and those in BNP−/WRF+ had a high non‐cardiovascular mortality (29.5%).ConclusionsHeart failure patients with BNP ≥250 pg/mL at discharge and in‐hospital occurrence of WRF had the highest risk for the composite endpoint (cardiovascular mortality and HF hospitalization) among groups.