bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic Effects of Different Intensities of Interval Training on Hemodynamic, Autonomic and Cardiorespiratory Variables of Physically Active Elderly People
Authors: Sant'Ana Leandro , Vianna Jeferson , Ribeiro Aline , Reis Natália , Silva João Guilherme , Campos Yuri , Monteiro Estevão , Brown Amanda , Novaes Jefferson , Scartoni Fabiana , Machado Sérgio , Budde Henning 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to verify the chronic effects of interval training (IT) with different intensities in the hemodynamic, autonomic, and cardiorespiratory variables of physically active older people. Twenty-four physically active older men (age: 68.8 ± 6.8 years, body mass: 74.4 ± 18.1 kg, height: 170 ± 8 m, body mass index: 25.1 ± 2.2 kg / m²) participated in the study. Participants were randomized into three experimental groups: training group A (TGA, n = 8), training group B (TGB, n = 8), and control group (GC, n = 8). TGA and TGB groups performed 32 training sessions separated by a 48-hour interval. TGA showed 4-min with intensity relative to 55 to 60% of the HRmax and 1-min at 70 to 75% of the HRmax. TGB training group performed the same protocol but performed 4-min at 45 to 50% HRmax and 1-min at 60 to 65% HRmax. Both training groups performed each series for six times, totaling 30-min per session. The evaluations were carried out in the pre (baseline) moments after the 16th and 32nd intervention sessions. GC only carried out assessments. Hemodynamic variables (HRR, SBP, DBP, MBP, and DP), autonomic (HRV indices, in the time and frequency domain), and cardiorespiratory (VO2max estimated) variables were evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences in comparisons between protocols and moments (p>0.05). However, the size of the effect and the percentage delta indicated clinical results with relevant magnitudes between protocols and moments, indicating favorable responses to the IT intervention in hemodynamic, autonomic, and cardiorespiratory variables. IT can be an essential strategy in the prescription of training for conditional improvement of variables of cardioprotective function in physically active and healthy older people. However, other studies are suggested to establish the efficiency of this method for cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variables in the elderly.
Timely poacher detection and localization using sentinel animal movement
Authors: de Knegt Henrik , Eikelboom Jasper , Langevelde Frank van , Spruyt W. François , Prins Herbert 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Wildlife crime is one of the most profitable illegal industries worldwide. Current actions to reduce it are far from effective and fail to prevent population declines of many endangered species, pressing the need for innovative anti-poaching solutions. Here, we propose and test a real-time poacher early warning system that is based on the movement responses of non-targeted sentinel animals, which naturally respond to threats by fleeing and changing herd topology. We analyzed human-evasive movement patterns of 135 mammalian savanna herbivores of four different species, using an internet-of-things architecture with wearable sensors, wireless data transmission and machine learning algorithms. We show that the presence of human intruders can be accurately detected (86.1% accuracy) and localized (less than 500m error in 54.2% of the experimentally staged intrusions) by algorithmically identifying characteristic changes in sentinel movement. These behavioral signatures include, among others, an increase in movement speed, energy expenditure, body acceleration, directional persistence and herd coherence, and a decrease in suitability of selected habitat. The key to successful identification of these signatures lies in identifying systematic deviations from normal behavior under similar conditions, such as season, time of day and habitat. We also show that the indirect costs of predation are not limited to vigilance, but also include 1) long, high-speed flights; 2) energetically costly flight paths; and 3) suboptimal habitat selection during flights. The combination of wireless biologging, predictive analytics and sentinel animal behavior can benefit wildlife conservation via early poacher detection, but also solve challenges related to surveillance, safety and health.
Ultrasound-triggered Release of Calcein and Doxorubicin from HER2-targeted Liposomes in Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Amir Amal El , Ajith Saniha , AlSawaftah Nour , Abuwatfa Waad , Mukhopadhyay Debasmita , Paul Vinod , Husseini Ghaleb 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The functionalization of liposomes with antibodies is a potential strategy to increase the specificity of liposomes and reduce side-effects of chemotherapeutic agents. The active targeting of Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer cells can be achieved by coating liposomes with an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody. In this study, we synthesized Calcein and Doxorubicin loaded immunoliposomes functionalized with the monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab. Both liposomes were characterized for size, phospholipid concentration and antibody conjugation. The effect of low-frequency ultrasound (LFUS)-induced drug release was tested using three power densities, 7.46, 9.85 and 17.31 mW/cm2; and the release data were modeled using six different kinetic models. LFUS results established the sonosensitivity of both carrier types, with immunoliposomes being more acoustically sensitive than control liposomes. Results also showed an increase in the release rate as the power density increased from 7.46 to 17.31 mW/cm2. Finally, the in vitro cell experiments showed enhanced uptake and cytotoxicity when breast cancer cell lines, SKBr3 and MDAMB-231, were treated with LFUS-triggered HER-liposomes.
Birth Achieved After Effective Ovarian Stimulation Combined With Dexamethasone in a Patient With Resistant Ovary Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Li Huiying , Chang Tianli , Mei Qiaojuan , Mu Hongbei , Xiang Wenpei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Resistant ovary syndrome (ROS) was a rare endocrine disorder and there have been few reports of live births. As the ovarian resistance to FSH leading the immature oocytes, some researchers reported few live births after in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes, but it didn’t work in all ROS patients. Case presentation: A 30-year-old woman was diagnosed as ROS. GnRH analogue triptorelin acetat was used to administer downregulation, combining with corticosteroid dexamethasone (administered orally at 0.75mg three times daily) from the beginning of the downregulation to the day of oocyte collection. After 28 days of downregulation, gonadotropin (Gonal-f 225 IU and HMG 150 IU per day at first) was given for hyperstimulation. On the 11th day of gonadotropin administration, 10000 IU of hCG was given. 36h later, oocytes were retrieved and followed by IVF procedure. Two months later, the frozen embryos were thawed and transferred. 8 metaphase II oocytes were retrieved and 3 embryos were developed, in which 1 embryo was transplanted after thawed. the β-hCG value in serum was 246.7 mIU/ ml. The patient got pregnant and gave a live birth at the 35th week of pregnancy by Caesarean section. Conclusion This is the first report about treatment ROS patient with ovarian stimulation combined with dexamethasone. In some cases of ROS, high doses of exogenous gonadotropins in combination with immunosuppressive therapy could be an effective approach in patients with ROS.
Validation of preimplantation genetic tests for aneuploidy (PGT-A) with DNA from spent culture media (SCM): concordance assessment and implication
Authors: Yin Baoli , Zhang Huijuan , Xie Juanke , Yao Yaxin , Wei Yubao , Zhang Cuilian , Meng Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Spent culture medium (SCM) as a source of DNA for preimplantation genetic tests aneuploidy (PGT-A) has been widely discussed. Methods: Seventy-five blastocysts donated for research provided a unique possibility in which multiple specimens, including trophectoderm (TE) biopsy, SCM, and paired corresponding whole blastocyst (WB) specimens from the same blastocyst source, could be utilized for the purpose of this preclinical validation.Results: To conduct a validation ploidy concordance assessment, we evaluated the full chromosomal concordance rates between SCM and WB (SCM-to-WB), and between TE and WB (TE-to-WB) as well as sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy. 78.67% (59/75) of NGS results in the SCM group are interpretable, which is significantly lower than their corresponding TE and WB groups. This discrepancy manifests itself in intrinsically low quantity and poor integrity DNA from SCM. Subsequently, remarkable differences in full concordance rates (including mosaicism, and segmental aneuploidies) are seen: 32.2% (SCM-to-WB, 19/59) and 69.33% (TE-to-WB, 52/75), (p < 0.001). In such cases, full concordance rates were 27.27% (15/55) in SCM-to-WB, and, 76% (57/75) in TE-to-WB (p < 0.001) Collectively, the NGS data from SCM also translated into lower sensitivities, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV), overall diagnostic accuracies, and higher Negative Likelihood Ratio (NLR).Conclusions: Our study reveals that DNA is detectable in the majority of SCM samples. Individual chromosomal aberration, such as segmental aneuploidy and mosaicism, can be quantitatively and qualitatively measured. However, TE still provides a more accurate and reliable high-throughput methodology for PGT-A. While cell-free DNA in SCM has the potential to represent a useful strategy in reproductive medicine.
Development of the Active Ageing Awareness Questionnaire in Malaysia
Authors: Bahuri Nor Hana Ahmad , Rizal Hussein , Majid Hazreen Abdul , Said Mas Ayu , Su Tin Tin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe World Health Organization endorsed the Active Ageing Framework (AAF) in 2002, aiming to improve quality of life of future older people. Active ageing is defined as the process of optimising the opportunity of health, participation and security in order to enhance the quality of life as people age. However, little is known about the status of awareness of active ageing at the population level with no appropriate tool for assessment. The aim of this study is to develop the Awareness of Active Ageing Questionnaire (AAAQ) based on the AAF. MethodsThe content, linguistic and face validations, as well as test-retest reliability were conducted. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed to test the structural validity of the AAAQ. ResultsA total of 110 participants (mean ± SD = 50.19 ± 5.52) were selected for the pilot, 81 participants (mean ± SD = 49.40 ± 5.70) for the test-retest and 404 participants (mean ± SD = 49.90 ± 5.80) for the CFA and EFA tests. The 16 items AAAQ Malay version showed satisfactory reliability and validity. The Cronbach’s alpha was more than 0.7, and the model showed good fit: Cmin/df = 2.771, GFI = 0.903, TLI = 0.951, RMSEA = 0.08. Conclusions﻿The AAAQ is suitable for measuring the awareness of active ageing among middle-aged Malaysians and may be instrumental for the development of evidence-informed active ageing promotion programme.
Husband's Knowledge and Involvement in the Reproductive Rights of Women in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Aminu , Alemayehu Tadesse , Desalew Assefa , Belay Yalelet , Sema Alekaw , Debella Adera , Dessie Yadeta 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: Reproductive rights violations are a serious public health concern worldwide, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia, where more than 38.83% of victims are living. Understanding the status of husbands’ knowledge and involvement helps to set important programs and interventions. However, there is a paucity of data related to husbands' roles in women's reproductive rights in the study setting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess husbands’ knowledge and involvement in women's reproductive rights and associated factors in Harar, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 611 husbands in March 2020. A multi-stage sampling and a systematic random sampling technique were used to select districts and study participants. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed with SPSS Version 22. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associated factors. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The magnitude of husbands' knowledge and involvement were 48.3% and 40.1% respectively. Social media utilization (AOR=4.97; 95% CI: 2.79-8.85), Spousal discussion (AOR=2.33; 95% CI: 1.60-3.39), nearby facility types: hospital (AOR=3.21; 95% CI: 1.23-8.36) and health post (AOR=2.86; 95% CI: 1.20-6.94) were associated factors with knowledge of husbands. Likewise, experience of using reproductive health services (AOR=2.15; 95% CI: 1.52-3.03), spousal discussion (AOR=1.95; 95% CI: 1.35-2.82), social media use (AOR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.05-2.89) and age 40 to 49 years (AOR=1.99, 95%CI: 1.19-3.32) were associated with husbands involvement.Conclusions: Less than half of the husbands were knowledgeable and involved in the protection of partners’ reproductive rights. Promoting and creating effective media utilization is very important to create awareness of reproductive rights. Moreover, using reproductive health services and empowering women to have an open discussion is crucial to increase the knowledge and involvement of husbands.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Malaria Prevention Among Students of Hamelmalo Agricultural College
Authors: Araia Minassie Mengisteab , Mebrahtu Amanuel Hadgu , Weldegerghish Ghenet 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria is one of the most severe public health problems worldwide with 300 to 500 million cases and about one million deaths reported annually. In Eritrea, malaria is one of the major public health problems, particularly in Gash Barka zone which bears more than 60% of the burden. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, practice and misconceptions as well as association among knowledge of most vulnerable population and practice of the respondents on utilization of ITN with their demographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess KAP of Hamelmalo Agriculture College students in November 2016. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20 and Stata version 13. Results: (99.3%) of respondents were aware of the existence of malaria as a disease. With regard to the malaria symptoms, fever was the most frequently reported by participant accounts 99.7%. 70.1% of respondents said they went to health facility if they get sick. Majority (85.1%) of the respondents owned ITN but only 69.2% slept last night in ITN. 228 (77.55%) perceive malaria as serious diseases only if it remains untreated however, 13 (4.42%) as an ordinary disease. Some misconceptions were found on the assessment of the students on factors associated with malaria infection and health seeking behavior. The predictors of ITN utilization was found to be age 20 (OR18.49, (CI 1.227-278.87) (P=0.035) and being resident of Zoba Debub (OR 0.094, (CI, 0.014-0.607)) (0.013) or Zoba Gash Barka (OR 0.027(CI, 0.02-0.258) (P=0.002). The association between age of respondent and level of knowledge was found to be statistically significant with OR ranging from 3.9 up to 37.5 for the differ age groups.Conclusion: The student of Hamelmalo Agricultural College has a fair knowledge, which is above 60% of the mean score and 50% on attitude and practice which is hard to accept, because we were proposing to get more than 50%. So there are still areas that need to be addressed, since the students are likely to influence the behavior of their parents addressing the existing misconception is important.
Sacubitril/valsartan Decreased Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility by Inhibiting Angiotensin II-induced Atrial Fibrosis through p-Smad2/3, p-JNK, and p-p38 Signaling Pathways
Authors: Li Song-Nan , Zhang Jing-Rui , Xi Hui , Li Chang-Yi , Zhao Lei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Sacubitril/valsartan (SAC/VAL), combined inhibitors of angiotensin receptor (AT-R) and neprilysin receptor, prevents Angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ) from binding AT1-R and blocks degradation of natriuretic peptides. Despite its efficacy in reducing ventricular fibrosis and preserving cardiac functions, which has been extensively demonstrated in myocardial infarction or pressure overload models, few studies have been conducted to determine whether SAC/VAL could attenuate atrial fibrosis and decrease atrial fibrillation (AF) susceptibility. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups after implantation of an osmotic pump preloaded with AngⅡ and received corn oil, VAL, or SAC/VAL treatment for 28 days. Electrophysiological study was performed to determine inducibility and duration of AF. Echocardiography was performed before and 28 days after osmotic mini-pump implantation to evaluate cardiac functions. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was perfomed to detect the serum concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and AngⅡ. Masson staining was performed to determine the extent of interstitial fibrosis. Immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence staining as well as transwell and MTT assay were also performed. Western blot analysis was perfomed to figure out how SAC/VAL exerts its anti-fibrosis effects in atriums.Results: After 28 days of AngⅡ stimulation, rats in SAC/VAL group exhibited reduced reduced extent of atrial fibrosis, inhibited proliferation, migration, and differentiation of atrial fibroblasts and decreased susceptibility to atrial fibrillation. We further found that SAC/VAL exerted its effect on AngⅡ-induced atrial fibrosis by inhibiting the p-Smad2/3, p-JNK, and p-p38 MAPK signaling pathways in vivo. Conclusions: Our study provided experimental evidence for the inhibition of atrial fibrosis and reduced susceptibility to AF by SAC/VAL. These results emphasize the importance of SAC/VAL in the prevention of AngⅡ-induced atrial fibrosis and may help to enrich the options for atrial fibrillation pharmacotherapy.
Impact of Newborn Screening for Cystic Fibrosis on Clinical Outcomes of Pediatric Patients: 10 Years’ Experience in Lodz Voivodship.
Authors: Małgorzata Olszowiec-Chlebna , Ewa Mospinek , Jerzyńska Joanna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background:Cystic Fibrosis newborn screening (CFNBS) is the optimal method to diagnose the disease during the asymptomatic period. The aim of the study was to determine how CFNBS affects long term clinical outcomes. Methods:Data from infants who were born in Lodz Voivodship, referred to CF center as a part of CFNBS according to IRT/DNA protocol were compered to the data of children with established CF diagnosis before the start of NBS in Poland (Group CF).Results:In 37 children (during 151 referred infants) the diagnosis of CF was established due to CF NBS (CF NBS Group). The average time of diagnosis was 1,59 month in Group CF NBS and 45,25 months in Group CF. Pulmonary exacerbation occurred on average 4,2 times in Group CFNBS and they were hospitalized on average 0,5 times compared to Group CF – respectively 6,77 and 2,14 (p<0,001). The number of PA infected patients increased between the fifth and eighth year of age (OR = 1,16 (95% CI: 1,04-19) (P = 0,007)) regardless of the study group (P = 0.984). Patients with SA MRSA infection have a higher risk of PA infections in subsequent years of their life (OR = 1.45 (95% CI: 1.03-2.03) (P = 0.032)). Conclusions:CF NBS has beneficial effects primarily on decrease of pulmonary exacerbations with hope for a longer life expectancy in these group.
Exposures to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid With or Without Endotoxin Upregulate Small Cell Lung Cancer Pathway
Authors: Kaur Geetika , Kumar BV Sunil , Singh Baljit , Sethi RS 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Pesticide residues in food and environment along with airborne contaminants such as endotoxins pose health risk. Although herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been associated with increased risk of lung cancers such as small cell lung cancer (SCLC) among agricultural workers, there are no data on the SCLC signaling pathway upon 2,4-D exposure alone or in combination with endotoxin. Methods: We exposed Swiss albino mice (N=48) orally to high (9.58 mg kg -1 ) and low (5.12 mg kg -1 ) dosages of 2,4-D dissolved in corn oil for 90 days followed by E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or normal saline solution (80µl/animal. Lung samples and broncho-alveolar fluid (BALF) were subjected to Total histological score (THS) and TLC and DLC analyses, respectively. We used microarray and bioinformatics tools for transcriptomic analyses and differentially expressed genes were analyzed to predict the top canonical pathways followed by validation of selected genes qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Results: Total histological score (THS) along with broncho-alveolar fluid (BALF) analyses showed lung inflammation following long term dietary exposure to high or low doses of 2,4-D individually or in combination with LPS. Microarray analysis revealed exposure to high dose of 2,4-D alone or with endotoxin upregulated 2178 and 2142 and downregulated 1965 and 1719 genes, respectively (p<0.05; minimum cut off 1.5 log fold change). The low dose alone or with LPS upregulated 2133 and 2054 and downregulated 1838 and 1625 genes, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis showed SCLC as topmost dysregulated pathway along with differential expression of Itgb1, NF-kB1, p53, Cdk6 and Apaf1. Immunohistological and qPCR analyses also supported the transcriptomic data. Conclusions: Taken together, the data show exposures to high and low dose of 2,4-D with/without LPS induced lung inflammation and altered pulmonary transcriptome profile with the involvement of the SCLC pathway. The data from the study provides the insights of the potential damage on lungs caused by 2,4-D and endotoxin interaction and helps to better understand the mechanism of this complex relation.