bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plus belle la campagne
Authors: Modanese Cécile 
Published: March 2020

À la croisée de l’étude des paysages (urbains, périurbains, voire des campagnes alsaciennes), des relevés archéologiques, ainsi que des traditionnelles recherches historiques, le travail autour des jardins du XIXe siècle se révèle être une enquête pluridisciplinaire.Souvent étudiés uniquement sous l’angle de leur contenu bâti, les jardins sont en outre composés de végétaux, qui de leur plantation à leur abattage modèlent le paysage. Arrivées massivement durant ce siècle « âge d’or de l’horticulture », les nouvelles plantes originaires du bout du monde, multipliées et acclimatées par des établissements horticoles en émergence offrent de nouvelles formes et de nouveaux coloris aux « dessinateurs de jardins », les paysagistes de l’époque.Le travail s’appuiera sur l’analyse d’une sélection de jardins alsaciens, dont l’aménagement repose sur une utilisation du paysage et de la topographie préexistants.
Changement et innovation en éducation : deux notions en résonance
Authors: Cros Françoise , Broussal Dominique 
Published: March 2020

Changement et innovation sont des termes souvent pris l’un pour l’autre. Or il n’en est rien et cette distinction est importante en éducation et en formation, car elle détermine la manière de comprendre l’évolution des systèmes d’éducation et de formation. Cette présentation s’attache à en montrer les différences, aussi bien sur le plan historique que sociétal. Le changement est plus volontiers associé à l’accompagnement, tandis que l’innovation porte sur les contenus de la transformation et ses impacts. La notion de nouveau est toutefois commune et c’est dans le traitement de cette nouveauté et de sa réalisation que se niche une possible comparaison entre les deux termes. Ces deux termes, très employés dans la formation, sont tous deux porteurs de transformations : si le changement se focalise sur l’accompagnement de trajectoires de vies professionnelles, l’innovation comme aventure met plus l’accent sur les effets de changement qu’elle peut produire de manière éphémère ou durablement aussi bien sur les personnes que sur les organisations voire les institutions. Cette contribution est une ouverture à la réflexion mise en œuvre dans les articles de ce numéro thématique de revue.
Accompagner par la recherche le changement des pratiques enseignantes au service de la continuité des apprentissages au cycle 3
Authors: Escalié Guillaume , Legrain Pascal 
Published: March 2020

La récente constitution d’un cycle CM1-CM2-6ème appelle un changement des pratiques enseignantes afin d’assurer une continuité des apprentissages des élèves entre l’école élémentaire et le collège. La systématisation de certains « formats pédagogiques » de façon synchronique (entre les disciplines) et diachronique (tout au long du cycle) peut constituer un vecteur de stabilisation des apprentissages dans la transition inter-degrés. A partir d’une conception socioculturelle des processus d’apprentissage-développement, cet article rend compte d’une recherche collaborative visant à accompagner les enseignants d’un réseau école-collège à construire, à partir d’un modèle commun, des dispositifs d’apprentissage coopératif innovants et à les mettre en œuvre en classe. Du point de vue méthodologique, des données qualitatives analysant l’impact de la mise en œuvre de ces dispositifs sur l’activité des enseignants en classe ont été couplées à des données quantitatives visant à examiner les effets de cette démarche pédagogique sur des dimensions psychosociales liées au bien-être des élèves. D’une part, les résultats soulignent l’importance de considérer la mise en œuvre des dispositifs coopératifs dans leurs dimensions à la fois génériques et disciplinaires. D’autre part, ils mettent en évidence des effets significatifs de ce type de dispositifs sur la motivation autodéterminée des élèves. Enfin, des pistes sont tracées pour optimiser la démarche de recherche collaborative ainsi que son impact sur les acquisitions des élèves.
Mise en place d’un dispositif de formation hybride : une innovation c'est un changement qui a réussi ?
Authors: TALI Fatiha 
Published: March 2020

Dans cette revue thématique sur l’innovation, notre article a pour objet l’étude des processus mis en œuvre lors d’une innovation pédagogique dans un contexte de formation hybride. À partir d’un cadre théorique référant à l’approche sociocognitive, nous cherchons à voir comment l’agentivité collective pourrait être un moteur de l’innovation. Pour cela, dans une première partie le cadre théorique permet d’aborder les processus liés à l’élaboration d’un dispositif hybride de formation ainsi que l’agentivité collective. Dans une seconde partie, le cadre méthodologique lié à l’étude d’un cas concret de processus d’innovation est décrit avec à la fois la démarche de recherche et la démarche d’ingénierie pédagogique mise en œuvre. La troisième partie permet de présenter les résultats relatifs aux changements sur trois volets : les modalités de formation, les pratiques institutionnelles et les modalités d’apprentissages des apprenants.
Perceptions des étudiants en ergothérapie et en travail social quant au développement de leurs compétences interculturelles durant la formation initiale
Authors: Tétreault Sylvie , Brisset Camille , Bétrisey Carine , Gulfi Alida , Leanza Yvan , Kühne Nicolas 
Published: March 2020

Les professionnels de la santé et du social sont amenés à interagir avec des populations très diverses (âge, origine géographique, langue, religion, état de santé, milieu socioéconomique, etc.), ce qui peut venir modifier la façon d’intervenir. La présente étude vise à explorer la perception des étudiants en ergothérapie et en travail social quant au développement de leurs compétences interculturelles, incluant les stratégies mises en œuvre pour travailler harmonieusement avec un individu porteur d’une différence significative. Quarante-six personnes ont participé annuellement à un entretien durant leurs trois années de formation. Sur la base du modèle d’apprentissage transformateur, une analyse thématique a permis d’identifier sept thèmes évoqués par les participants à ce sujet, soit : 1) identifier les apprentissages et les éléments à améliorer ; (2) consolider sa confiance en soi ; (3) utiliser efficacement les techniques de communication ; (4) faire face à l’agressivité ou à des idées divergentes ; (5) connaître et s’adapter à l’Autre ; (6) intégrer et appliquer les connaissances théoriques ; (7) être capable de se remettre en question. Des recommandations pour la formation sont formulées.
« Changement » et « innovation » : Essai d’intégration théorique au cœur d’un programme de recherche mené en anthropologie culturaliste
Authors: Amathieu Jérôme , Chaliès Sébastien 
Published: March 2020

Cet article s’efforce de questionner la possible intégration théorique des concepts de « changement » et d’ « innovation » dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche mené en anthropologie culturaliste et principalement inspiré de la philosophie analytique de Wittgenstein (2004). Par voie de retour, il étudie le caractère heuristique de cette intégration du point de vue du développement du programme de recherche.L’article se structure autour de trois parties. En première partie, les différents niveaux d’intégration des concepts de « changement » et d’ « innovation » au sein du programme sont explicités. En deuxième partie, une illustration empirique de cette intégration est proposée. Enfin, en dernière partie, une discussion est menée autour du travail d’hybridation conceptuelle réalisée et des précautions à envisager pour qu’il soit scientifiquement valide.
“This bookmark gauges the depths of the human”: how poetry can help to personalise climate change
Authors: Illingworth Sam 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. By conducting a qualitative content analysis of 72 poems written about
climate change by poets from across the world, this study demonstrates how
these poets have interpreted the, at times, esoteric principles of climate
change. The results of this study indicate that these interpretations
highlight the need to re-position humans at the epicentre of the debate so
that a meaningful dialogue around the subject might be established,
especially amongst non-specialists.
A one-dimensional model of turbulent flow through “urban” canopies (MLUCM v2.0): updates based on large-eddy simulation
Authors: Nazarian Negin , Krayenhoff E. Scott , Martilli Alberto 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In mesoscale climate models, urban canopy flow is typically parameterized in terms of the horizontally averaged (1-D) flow and scalar transport, and these parameterizations can be informed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the urban climate at the microscale. Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes simulation (RANS) models have previously been employed to derive vertical profiles of turbulent length scale and drag coefficient for such parameterization. However, there is substantial evidence that RANS models fall short in accurately representing turbulent flow fields in the urban roughness sublayer.
When compared with more accurate flow modeling such as large-eddy simulations (LES), we observed that vertical profiles of turbulent kinetic energy and associated turbulent length scales obtained from RANS models are substantially smaller specifically in the urban canopy. Accordingly, using LES results, we revisited the urban canopy parameterizations employed in the one-dimensional model of turbulent flow through urban areas and updated the parameterization of turbulent length scale and drag coefficient. Additionally, we included the parameterization of the dispersive stress, previously neglected in the 1-D column model. For this objective, the PArallelized Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM) is used and a series of simulations in an idealized urban configuration with aligned and staggered arrays are considered. The plan area density (λp) is varied from 0.0625 to 0.44 to span a wide range of urban density (from sparsely developed to compact midrise neighborhoods, respectively).
In order to ensure the accuracy of the simulation results, we rigorously evaluated the PALM results by comparing the vertical profiles of turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds stresses with wind tunnel measurements, as well as other available LES and direct numerical simulation (DNS) studies. After implementing the updated drag coefficients and turbulent length scales in the 1-D model of urban canopy flow, we evaluated the results by (a) testing the 1-D model against the original LES results and demonstrating the differences in predictions between new (derived from LES) and old (derived from RANS) versions of the 1-D model, and (b) testing the 1-D model against LES results for a test case with realistic geometries. Results suggest a more accurate prediction of vertical turbulent exchange in urban canopies, which can consequently lead to an improved prediction of urban heat and pollutant dispersion at the mesoscale.
CMIP5 model selection for ISMIP6 ice sheet model forcing: Greenland and Antarctica
Authors: Barthel Alice , Agosta Cécile , Little Christopher M. , Hattermann Tore , Jourdain Nicolas C. , Goelzer Heiko , Nowicki Sophie , Seroussi Helene , Straneo Fiammetta , Bracegirdle Thomas J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The ice sheet model intercomparison project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6) effort brings together the ice sheet and climate modeling communities to gain understanding of the ice sheet contribution to sea level rise. ISMIP6 conducts stand-alone ice sheet experiments that use space- and time-varying forcing derived from atmosphere–ocean coupled global climate models (AOGCMs) to reflect plausible trajectories for climate projections. The goal of this study is to recommend a subset of CMIP5 AOGCMs (three core and three targeted) to produce forcing for ISMIP6 stand-alone ice sheet simulations, based on (i) their representation of current climate near Antarctica and Greenland relative to observations and (ii) their ability to sample a diversity of projected atmosphere and ocean changes over the 21st century. The selection is performed separately for Greenland and Antarctica. Model evaluation over the historical period focuses on variables used to generate ice sheet forcing. For stage (i), we combine metrics of atmosphere and surface ocean state (annual- and seasonal-mean variables over large spatial domains) with metrics of time-mean subsurface ocean temperature biases averaged over sectors of the continental shelf. For stage (ii), we maximize the diversity of climate projections among the best-performing models. Model selection is also constrained by technical limitations, such as availability of required data from RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 projections. The selected top three CMIP5 climate models are CCSM4, MIROC-ESM-CHEM, and NorESM1-M for Antarctica and HadGEM2-ES, MIROC5, and NorESM1-M for Greenland. This model selection was designed specifically for ISMIP6 but can be adapted for other applications.
Changes in Higher Education and Well-being of Academic Employees: Storylines from Higher Education Academic Employees in Ghana
Authors: Ofori Dudley , Antwi James 
Published: March 2020

Over the past two decades, the higher education sector in Ghana has undergone many reforms ranging from deregulation and financial sustainability to massive investments in infrastructure. These reforms are aimed at addressing diversity in schools, promoting inclusive learning and increasing access to quality tertiary education. The reforms required changes in job skills, job conversions, modes of teaching and learning, self-consciousness and staff re-locations with probable consequent effect on the well-being of employees. However, these reforms failed to adequately account for employee well-being issues. Hence personal changes and support schemes to help employees keep pace with the changes have received little attention. We investigated these phenomena in public universities to understand the well-being shifts during the reforms from the storylines of higher education academic employees.
The study adopted a qualitative research design using laddering interview technique grounded in the personal change theory to solicit stories from 19 academic employees who have lived across the reforms. Interpretative Phenomenology Approach (IPA) of data analyses was used to analyse the experiences of academic employees. The study provides personal stories reflected in real-life experiences and hinged on the eudemonic theory within a developing country context.
The study discovered that leadership, personal mindset shifts and political interference constitute a Change-Effect Model that shapes the well-being of academic employees during the period of organisational reforms. The findings provide a new dimension to organisational reforms and employee well-being and consider from a critical viewpoint how a change-effect model can be applied in change management process to support employee well-being in locally appropriate and effective ways.
Bismuth‐Based Nanomaterials: Recent Advances in Tumor Targeting and Synergistic Cancer Therapy Techniques
Authors: Badrigilan Samireh , Choupani Jalal , Khanbabaei Hashem , Hoseini‐Ghahfarokhi Mojtaba , Webster Thomas J. , Tayebi Lobat 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDespite all of the efforts in the field of cancer therapy, the heterogeneous properties of tumor cells induce an insufficient therapeutic outcome when treated with conventional monotherapies, necessitating a shift in cancer treatment from monotherapy to combination therapy for complete cancer treatment. Multifunctional bismuth (Bi)‐based nanomaterials (NMs) with therapeutic functions hold great promise for the fields of cancer diagnosis and therapy based on their low toxicity, X‐ray sensitive capabilities, high atomic number, near‐infrared driven semiconductor properties, and low cost. Herein, a comprehensive review of recent advances in various medicinal aspects of Bi‐based NMs is presented including: evaluation of in‐tumor site accumulation, tumor targeting, and therapeutic performance, as well as the characteristics, benefits, and shortcomings of Bi‐based NM‐mediated major monotherapies. In addition, the cooperative enhancement mechanisms between two or more of these monotherapies are described in detail to address common challenges in cancer therapy, such as multidrug resistance, hypoxia, and metastasis. Finally, this review opens new insights into the design of multimodal synergistic therapies for potential future clinical applications of Bi‐based NMs.
Current‐Induced Spin–Orbit Torques for Spintronic Applications
Authors: Ryu Jeongchun , Lee Soogil , Lee Kyung‐Jin , Park Byong‐Guk 
Published: March 2020

AbstractControl of magnetization in magnetic nanostructures is essential for development of spintronic devices because it governs fundamental device characteristics such as energy consumption, areal density, and operation speed. In this respect, spin–orbit torque (SOT), which originates from the spin–orbit interaction, has been widely investigated due to its efficient manipulation of the magnetization using in‐plane current. SOT spearheads novel spintronic applications including high‐speed magnetic memories, reconfigurable logics, and neuromorphic computing. Herein, recent advances in SOT research, highlighting the considerable benefits and challenges of SOT‐based spintronic devices, are reviewed. First, the materials and structural engineering that enhances SOT efficiency are discussed. Then major experimental results for field‐free SOT switching of perpendicular magnetization are summarized, which includes the introduction of an internal effective magnetic field and the generation of a distinct spin current with out‐of‐plane spin polarization. Finally, advanced SOT functionalities are presented, focusing on the demonstration of reconfigurable and complementary operation in spin logic devices.
Pulse Oximetry Using Organic Optoelectronics under Ambient Light
Authors: Han Donggeon , Khan Yasser , Ting Jonathan , Zhu Juan , Combe Craig , Wadsworth Andrew , McCulloch Iain , Arias Ana C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLight absorption in oxygenated and deoxygenated blood varies appreciably over the visible and near‐infrared spectrum. Pulse oximeters use two distinct wavelengths of light to measure oxygen saturation SpO2 of blood. Currently, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) are used in oximeters, which need additional components to drive them and negatively impact the overall size of the sensor. In this work, an ambient light oximeter (ALO) is demonstrated, which can measure photoplethysmography signals and SpO2 using various kinds of ambient light, avoiding the use of LEDs. Spectral filters are combined with organic photodiodes to create the ALO with sensitivity peaks at green (525 nm), red (610 nm), and near‐infrared (740 nm) wavelengths. Finally, the wearable ALO is used to measure photoplethysmography signals and SpO2 on the index finger in different indoor and outdoor lighting conditions and the measurements are validated with commercial pulse oximeters under normal and ischemic conditions.
Achievement of High‐Performance Nondoped Blue OLEDs Based on AIEgens via Construction of Effective High‐Lying Charge‐Transfer State
Authors: Zhang Han , Li Aisen , Li Ganggang , Li Baoxi , Wang Zhiming , Xu Shuping , Xu Weiqing , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere remains an urgent demand for high‐quality blue luminogens that can simultaneously achieve high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in film and high exciton utilization efficiency (EUE) in the electroluminescence (EL) process. In this study, a referable molecular design strategy is developed for blue luminogens via constructing low‐lying locally excited (LE) state with an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristic and high‐lying charge‐transfer (CT) state for the effective triplet‐to‐singlet conversion channel. 2TriPE‐BPI‐MCN with the insertion of p‐cyano and o‐methyl groups is designed to compare with its matrix framework (2TriPE‐BPI). They have analogous properties of the lowest singlet (S1) states with blue emission and free of concentration quenching in film; however, 2TriPE‐BPI‐MCN exhibits unusual response for hydrostatic pressure owing to its S2 state CT characteristics. Therefore, 2TriPE‐BPI‐MCN can harness more electrogenerated excitons than 2TriPE‐BPI, resulting in a better EL performance in nondoped blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) (CIEx,y = 0.153, 0.147) with high external quantum efficiency of 4.6% and negligible efficiency roll‐off. These findings could open a feasible avenue to develop high‐quality blue luminogens for high‐performance nondoped blue OLEDs.
Engineering Colloidal Lithography and Nanoskiving to Fabricate Rows of Opposing Crescent Nanogaps
Authors: Gu Panpan , Zhang Wei , Zhao Zhiyuan , Ai Bin , Zheng Tianxing , Chiechi Ryan C. , Li Chunguang , Shi Zhan , Zhang Gang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA scalable fabrication route combining colloidal lithography and nanoskiving is reported for generating free‐standing asymmetric metal nanostructures of crescent‐shaped gold nanowires and rows of opposing crescents with and without nanogaps. Strong localized surface plasmon resonances and propagating surface plasmon polaritons are excited at the sharp tips of the crescent and in the sub‐10 nm nanogaps. High‐order resonance modes are excited due to the coupling between the resonances in the tips and gaps. The Raman signals are greatly enhanced due to the strong electric fields. In addition, the optical responses and electric field distributions can be controlled by the polarization of the incident light. The strong electric field enhancement coupled with facile, scalable fabrication make crescent‐shaped nanostructures promising in nonlinear optics, optical trapping, and surface‐enhanced spectroscopy.
Effect of Backbone Fluorine and Chlorine Substitution on Charge‐Transport Properties of Naphthalenediimide‐Based Polymer Semiconductors
Authors: Wei Huan , Liu Yu , Liu Zhiqiang , Guo Jing , Chen Ping‐An , Qiu Xincan , Dai Gaole , Li Yuxiang , Yuan Jianyu , Liao Lei , Hu Yuanyuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl) substitution in organic semiconductors has been found to be effective for enhancing the performance of organic photovoltaics. However, the effect of these substitutions on charge transport properties of organic semiconductors remains elusive. A series of naphthalene diamide (NDI)‐based copolymers: N2200, the corresponding fluorinated N2200 (F‐N2200), and chlorinated N2200 (Cl‐N2200) are employed to fabricate field‐effect transistors. Gate‐dependent and temperature‐dependent mobility are measured and analyzed to reveal the intrinsic electronic properties of the polymers. It is found that F substitution decreases energetic disorder of the semiconductor while Cl substitution increases it. These findings are further supported by density functional theory calculations and characterizations on the performance of doped devices based on the three polymers. Overall, the influence of fluorination and chlorination on charge transport in those NDI‐based polymers is identified and clarified, which is important for justifying the wide employment of fluorination and chlorination strategies in organic electronics.