bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UHPLC/GC‐TOF‐MS metabolomics, MTT assay, and molecular docking studies reveal physostigmine as a new anticancer agent from the ethyl acetate and butanol fractions ofKigelia africana(Lam.) Benth. fruit extracts
Authors: Fagbohun Oladapo F. , Olawoye Babatunde , Ademakinwa Adedeji N. , Oriyomi Olumayowa V. , Fagbohun Oladoyin S. , Fadare Olatomide A. , Msagati Titus A.M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractKigelia africanaplant is widely used as a herbal remedy in preventing the onset and the treatment of cancer‐related infections. With the increase in the research interest of the plant, the specific chemical compound or metabolite that confers its anticancer properties has not been adequately investigated. The ethyl acetate and butanol fractions of the fruit extracts were evaluated by 2‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐3,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide assay against four different cell lines, with the ethyl acetate fraction having inhibition concentration values of 0.53 and 0.42 μM against Hep G2 and HeLa cells, respectively. More than 235 phytoconstituents were profiled using UHPLC‐TOF‐MS, while more than 15 chemical compounds were identified using GC–MS from the fractions. Molecular docking studies revealed that physostigmine, fluazifop, dexamethasone, sulfisomidine, and desmethylmirtazapine could favorably bind at higher binding energies of –8.3, –8.6, –8.2, and –8.1 kcal/mol, respectively, better than camptothecin with a binding energy of –7.9 kcal/mol. The results of this study showed that physostigmine interacted well with topoisomerase IIα and had a high score of pharmacokinetic prediction using absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity profiles, thereby suggesting that drug design using physostigmine as a base structure could serve as an alternative against the toxic side effects of doxorubicin and camptothecin.
Anatomical study of the descending genicular artery and implications for image‐guided interventions for knee pain
Authors: Fonkoue Loïc , Behets Catherine , Steyaert Arnaud , Kouassi Jean‐Eric K. , Detrembleur Christine , Cornu Olivier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe descending genicular artery (DGA) has recently been mentioned as accompanying some nerves in the medial aspect of the knee joint. This could be clinically relevant as the arteries could serve as landmarks for accurate nerve capture during ultrasound‐guided nerve blockade or ablation. The aim of this cadaveric study was to investigate the anatomical distribution of the DGA, assess the nerves running alongside its branches, and discuss the implications for regional anesthesia and knee pain interventions.MethodsWe dissected the femoral artery (FA) all along its course to identify the origin of the DGA, from which we carefully dissected all branches, in 27 fresh‐frozen human specimens. Simultaneously, we systematically dissected the nerves supplying the medial aspect of the knee from proximally to distally and identified those running alongside the branches of the DGA. The surrounding anatomical landmarks were identified and measurements were recorded.ResultsThe DGA was found in all specimens, arising from the FA 130.5 ± 17.5 mm (mean ± SD) proximally to the knee joint line. Seven distribution patterns of the DGA were observed. We found three consistent branches from the DGA running alongside their corresponding nerves at the level of the medial aspect of the knee: the artery of the superior‐medial genicular nerve, the artery of the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve, and the saphenous branch of the DGA.ConclusionThe consistent arteries and surrounding landmarks found in this study could help to improve the capture of the targeted nerves during ultrasound‐guided interventions.
Correlation between hematological parameters and outcome in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated by concomitant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Gennigens Christine , De Cuypere Marjolein , Seidel Laurence , Hermesse Johanne , Barbeaux Annelore , Forget Frédéric , Albert Adelin , Jerusalem Guy , Kridelka Frédéric 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundHemoglobin (Hb), white blood cell (WBC), and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) blood counts may be correlated with outcomes in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.MethodsHb, WBC, and PMN counts were measured at diagnosis and during concomitant cisplatin‐based chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in a retrospective sample of 103 patients between 2010 and 2017. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions were also recorded. The associations between hematological variables and patient overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were assessed by Cox regression models.ResultsThe 3‐year OS and RFS rates were 81.4% and 76.8%, respectively. In addition to tumor size and smoking, OS and RFS were found to be significantly associated with changes in WBC and PMN counts from the first to the last cisplatin cycle. Hb count throughout the treatment and RBC transfusions were not predictive of outcome.ConclusionsThis study found no association between Hb count or RBC transfusions and outcome. The daily practice of maintaining the Hb count above 12 g/dL during CCRT should be weighed against the potential risks of transfusions. Drops in WBC and PMN counts during treatment positively impacted OS and RFS and could, therefore, serve as biomarkers during CCRT to adapt the follow‐up and consider the need for adjuvant systemic treatments.
In Silico and In Vivo Toxicological Evaluation of Paeonol
Authors: Adki Kaveri M. , Murugesan S. , Kulkarni Yogesh A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPaeonol is a phenolic compound reported for its various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory and antidiabetic activity. There are no systematic scientific reports on the in vivo toxicity of paeonol. So, the present work was designed to study in silico and in vivo toxicity of paeonol. In silico toxicity predictions were carried out using pkCSM, ProTox‐II, pre‐ADMET server and OSIRIS property explorer. Acute oral toxicity study of paeonol was carried out in female Sprague Dawley rats at a single dose of 300 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg. Animals were observed for toxicity signs and mortality for 14 days. Repeated dose oral toxicity study of paeonol was carried out in female and male Sprague Dawley rats at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. At the end of the study, hematological, biochemical and urine parameters were assessed. Histopathology of vital organs was also carried out. In silico toxicity study predicted that paeonol is non‐toxic. The maximally tolerated dose of paeonol was found to be 5000 mg/kg in acute toxicity study in female rats. Paeonol was found to be safe at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg in repeated dose toxicity study in male and female rats.
Polyketides and Terpenoids with Potent Antibacterial Activities from theArtemisia argyi‐Derived FungusTrichoderma koningiopsisQA‐3
Authors: Shi Xiao‐Shan , Meng Ling‐Hong , Li Xin , Wang Dun‐Jia , Zhou Xing‐Wang , Du Feng‐Yu , Wang Bin‐Gui , Li Xiao‐Ming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe AcOEt extract ofArtemisia argyi‐derived fungusTrichoderma koningiopsisQA‐3 showed potent inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria. Fractionation of the extract resulted in the isolation of three new polyketides (1–3) and two new terpenoids (4and5), together with three known metabolites (6–8). Their chemical structures were analyzed by NMR spectra, ECD, HR‐ESI‐MS or HR‐EI‐MS, optical rotation, and X‐ray crystallographic data, as well as by comparison with literature reports. In the antibacterial assays, 3‐hydroxyharziandione (4) showed potent activity against human pathogenEscherichia coliwith an MIC value of 0.5 μg/mL, while 6‐(3‐hydroxypent‐1‐en‐1‐yl)‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one exhibited strong activity against marine‐derived aquatic pathogenMicrococcus luteuswith an MIC value of 1.0 μg/mL.
Mutation detection and inhibitor risk in Iranian patients with Hemophilia A: Six novel mutations
Authors: Nasirnejad Sola Farzaneh , Morovvati Saeid , Sabetghadam Moghadam Mitra , Entezari Malihe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis investigation facilitates a better understanding of inhibitor development, the critical treatment morbidity in HA patients. Furthermore, six novel mutations are reported, which would expand the mutation spectrum of the F8 gene.
Spontaneous pneumothorax as a complication in COVID‐19 male patient: A case report
Authors: Fahad Ahmed Muhi , Mohammad Ayam Ali , Al‐Khalidi Hasanain A. , Alshewered Ahmed Salih 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 infection may be later complicated with pneumothorax after primarily symptoms. We must be aware about pneumothorax, which may be increased in cases of COVID‐19.
Niobium‐Doped Titanium Dioxide with High Dopant Contents for Enhanced Lithium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Xu Wenlei , Russo Patrícia A. , Schultz Thorsten , Koch Norbert , Pinna Nicola 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTitanium dioxide is a promising anode for efficient lithium‐ion storage in terms of low cost, good structural stability, and inherent safety. However, its performance in Li‐ion storage is hindered by poor electronic conductivity. In this work, a solvothermal approach was applied for the synthesis of Nb‐doped TiO2 nanocrystals with Nb content up to 33 at. %. The enhanced electronic conductivity and favorable electrochemical kinetics led to superior specific capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability compared to pristine TiO2. For the optimum dopant content of 21 at. %, a specific capacity of 58 mAh g−1 was reached at 10 A g−1 compared to just 28 mAh g−1 for pure TiO2, in addition to almost 20 % higher capacity retention after prolonged cycling. The strategy in the current work can be easily extended to the design of other high‐performance electrode materials for energy storage.
Rapid quantification of constituents in tobacco by NIR fiber‐optic probe
Authors: Zimmer Gabrielle Fernanda , Santos Roberta Oliveira , Teixeira Iberê Damé , Schneider Rosana de Cassia de Souza , Helfer Gilson Augusto , da Costa Adilson Ben 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aims to develop, evaluate, and optimize the application of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIR) autosampler device equipped with a fiber‐optic probe associated with chemometric methods for the fast quantification of routine chemical constituents such as total alkaloids, reducing sugars, nitrate, and ammonia in tobacco. For this purpose, an NIR autosampler device with capacity for 40 samples was used. The spectra were collected in the range of 950 to 2,500 nm, with three spins on the sample, a 3.0‐cm2 sample scanning area, and 2.0 ± 0.2 mm distance between the fiber‐optic probe and the sample. Four partial least‐squares (PLS) models were developed, and different preprocessing methods were investigated. The predicted results were compared with those obtained from the reference method (continuous‐flow analysis), and root mean square error of prediction values of 0.31%, 1.27%, 0.47%, and 0.026% were obtained for total alkaloids, reducing sugars, nitrate, and ammonia, respectively. The proposed method performed well for the analysis of total alkaloids and reducing sugars with an appropriate goodness‐of‐fit and fair precision. In conclusion, considering the performance of the regression models and the associated environmental and economic advantages, the application of NIR spectrometer autosampler device equipped with a fiber‐optic probe associated with a PLS and synergy interval PLS algorithms cannot replace the reference method, but it is a promising tool for tobacco monitoring.
Identifying everyday decision situations of students in Chemistry Education
Authors: Schmitz Laurence , Reiners Christiane S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIm Sinne der naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung sollen Lernende dazu befähigt werden, Entscheidungen mit naturwissenschaftlicher Fragestellung zu erkennen und reflektiert zu treffen. Allerdings nutzen Lernende beim Treffen von persönlichen Entscheidungen in ihrem Alltag selten chemisches Fachwissen. Demnach müssen sie unterstützt werden, um Entscheidungssituationen mit entsprechenden Inhalten des Chemieunterrichts zu verknüpfen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde das Instrument „Entscheidungstagebuch“ entwickelt. Die Lernenden sollen mit dessen Hilfe in die Lage versetzt werden, alltägliche Entscheidungssituationen zu identifizieren, in denen sie bereit sind, neue naturwissenschaftliche Informationen in ihren Entscheidungsprozess zu übernehmen. So wird im Rahmen der Studie der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern das Entscheidungstagebuch ein adäquates Instrument ist, um schülerrelevante Entscheidungssituationen zu identifizieren.
Kinetic reaction processes in alginate beads
Authors: Ducci Matthias 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDie Landolt‐Reaktion fehlt in kaum einem Chemiebuch, in dem Showexperimente vorgestellt werden. Ihr Potenzial ist jedoch wesentlich größer: Im Chemieunterricht kann sie genutzt werden, um die Abhängigkeit der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit von den Konzentrationen der beteiligten Edukte sowie von der Temperatur zu veranschaulichen. In der Hochschule kann das Experiment zur Betrachtung komplexer kinetischer Vorgänge dienen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird das Landolt‐Reaktionssystem in das Innere von Alginatbällchen verlagert. Dort entwickelt es eine überraschende Dynamik. Darüber hinaus werden modifizierte Experimente für die Schule vorgestellt, bei denen auf das hinsichtlich der Schwefeldioxid‐Freisetzung problematische Natriumsulfit verzichtet wird.
BODIPY‐Based Photosensitizers as Potential Anticancer and Antibacterial Agents: Role of the Positive Charge and the Heavy Atom Effect
Authors: Piskorz Jaroslaw , Porolnik Weronika , Kucinska Malgorzata , Dlugaszewska Jolanta , Murias Marek , Mielcarek Jadwiga 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBoron‐dipyrromethene derivatives, including cationic and iodinated analogs, were obtained and subjected to physicochemical and in vitro photodynamic activity studies. Iodinated derivatives revealed a substantial heavy atom effect manifested by a bathochromic shift of the absorption band by about 30 nm and fluorescence intensity reduced by about 30–35 times, compared to that obtained for non‐iodinated ones. In consequence, singlet oxygen generation significantly increased with ΦΔ values in the range 0.69–0.97. The in vitro photodynamic activity was evaluated on Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus, Gram‐negative Escherichia coli, and on human androgen‐sensitive prostate adenocarcinoma cells (LNCaP). The novel cationic, iodinated BODIPY, demonstrated the highest activity toward all studied cells. An excellent cytotoxic effect was found against LNCaP cells with an IC50 value of 19.3 nM, whereas the viability of S. aureus was reduced by >5.6 log10 at 0.25 μM concentration and by >5.3 log10 in the case of E. coli at 5 μM. Thus, this analog seems to be a very promising candidate for the application in both anticancer and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.
A new fast k‐nearest neighbor classification algorithm in cognitive radio networks based on parallel computing
Authors: Benmammar Badr 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe field of telecommunication has undergone a very rapid technological evolution, which has forced researchers to find techniques that allow better exploitation of hardware and software. Among the proposed technologies, cognitive radio, a concept that was designed after several technologies such as software radio. Cognitive radio has been widely used for opportunistic access of the shared spectrum and has defined the cognitive nodes by their ability to intelligently adapt the environment to achieve specific objectives through advanced techniques. In this context, clustering techniques were adopted in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) due to their great advantages especially for routing. In this article, we propose a parallel mode of the k‐NN algorithm. The aim is to make a fast assignment of radio nodes in CRNs organized in the form of clusters. The obtained results are very satisfactory because we have been able to reduce to about 50% the execution time of the basic algorithm (sequential).
Differentiation Protocol for 3D Retinal Organoids, Immunostaining and Signal Quantitation
Authors: Döpper Hannah , Menges Julia , Bozet Morgane , Brenzel Alexandra , Lohmann Dietmar , Steenpass Laura , Kanber Deniz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStructures resembling whole organs, called organoids, are generated using pluripotent stem cells and 3D culturing methods. This relies on the ability of cells to self‐reorganize after dissociation. In combination with certain supplemented factors, differentiation can be directed toward the formation of several organ‐like structures. Here, a protocol for the generation of retinal organoids containing all seven retinal cell types is described. This protocol does not depend on Matrigel, and by keeping the organoids single and independent at all times, fusion is prevented and monitoring of differentiation is improved. Comprehensive phenotypic characterization of the in vitro–generated retinal organoids is achieved by the protocol for immunostaining outlined here. By comparing different stages of retinal organoids, the decrease and increase of certain cell populations can be determined. In order to be able to detect even small differences, it is necessary to quantify the immunofluorescent signals, for which we have provided a detailed protocol describing signal quantitation using the image‐processing program Fiji. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: Differentiation protocol for 3D retinal organoidsBasic Protocol 2: Immunostaining protocol for cryosections of retinal organoidsSupport Protocol: Embedding and sectioning protocol for 3D retinal organoidsBasic Protocol 3: Quantitation protocol using Fiji
From Hair to iPSCs—A Guide on How to Reprogram Keratinocytes and Why
Authors: Klingenstein Stefanie , Klingenstein Moritz , Kleger Alexander , Liebau Stefan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractKeratinocytes, as a primary somatic cell source, offer exceptional advantages compared to fibroblasts, which are commonly used for reprogramming. Keratinocytes can beat fibroblasts in reprogramming efficiency and reprogramming time and, in addition, can be easily and non‐invasively harvested from human hair roots. However, there is still much to know about acquiring keratinocytes and maintaining them in cell culture. In this article, we want to offer readers the profound knowledge that we have gained since our initial use of keratinocytes for reprogramming more than 10 years ago. Here, all hints and tricks, from plucking the hair roots to growing and maintaining keratinocytes, are described in detail. Additionally, an overview of the currently used reprogramming methods, viral and non‐viral, is included, with a special focus on their applicability to keratinocytes. This overview is intended to provide a brief but comprehensive insight into the field of keratinocytes and their use for reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). © 2020 The Authors.
Cell Banking of hiPSCs: A Practical Guide to Cryopreservation and Quality Control in Basic Research
Authors: Shibamiya Aya , Schulze Elisabeth , Krauß Dana , Augustin Christa , Reinsch Marina , Schulze Mirja Loreen , Steuck Simone , Mearini Giulia , Mannhardt Ingra , Schulze Thomas , Klampe Birgit , Werner Tessa , Saleem Umber , Knaust Anika , Laufer Sandra D. , Neuber Christiane , Lemme Marta , Behrens Charlotta Sophie , Loos Malte , Weinberger Florian , Fuchs Sigrid , Eschenhagen Thomas , Hansen Arne , Ulmer Bärbel Maria 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe reproducibility of stem cell research relies on the constant availability of quality‐controlled cells. As the quality of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can deteriorate in the course of a few passages, cell banking is key to achieve consistent results and low batch‐to‐batch variation. Here, we provide a cost‐efficient route to generate master and working cell banks for basic research projects. In addition, we describe minimal protocols for quality assurance including tests for sterility, viability, pluripotency, and genetic integrity. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: Expansion of hiPSCsBasic Protocol 2: Cell banking of hiPSCsSupport Protocol 1: Pluripotency assessment by flow cytometrySupport Protocol 2: Thawing control: Viability and sterilitySupport Protocol 3: Potency, viral clearance, and pluripotency: Spontaneous differentiation and qRT‐PCRSupport Protocol 4: Identity: Short tandem repeat analysis
Patients undergoing periodontal procedures commonly use dietary supplements: A consideration in the design of intervention trials
Authors: Beaudette Jennifer R. , Fritz Peter C. , Sullivan Philip J. , Piccini Assunta , Ward Wendy E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveDiet and dietary supplement use are associated with periodontal health while a cause and effect relationship is less clear. Although associations with specific nutrients and supplements suggest a potential benefit to healing of periodontal tissues after periodontal procedures, this study determined if patients undergoing periodontal surgery currently take dietary supplements to gage whether patients may accept use of such supplements as a potential intervention.Materials and methodsPatients who were undergoing implant placement or soft tissue graft surgery completed a questionnaire indicating any dietary supplements they consumed. Patient demographics, such as age, sex, and smoking status, were gathered from patients' charting records.ResultsData on dietary supplement usage were collected from 221 patients. More than half (64.7%) the population surveyed reported using one or more dietary supplements. The most commonly used dietary supplements were vitamin D (31%), multivitamin (28%), and B‐complex (17.2%). Females were more likely to be taking calcium, vitamin B12, and magnesium than males. Adults, aged 51 years and older, were more likely to be taking dietary supplements than their younger counterparts. They were also more likely to be taking four or more supplements than those under the age of 50 years. There was no association between supplement use and sex, but when the number of different supplements being used was assessed, females were more likely than males to be taking four or more different supplements.ConclusionsThe majority of the study population is already taking dietary supplements as part of their routine. Based on this study, future studies to determine if supplement usage, potentially at levels higher than current levels of intake, can be used to maintain or promote periodontal health seem highly feasible.
Gender diversity and corporate performance: Emphasis on sustainability performance
Authors: Provasi Roberta , Harasheh Murad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this research, we empirically investigate the impact of the board's female representation on corporate financial and sustainability performance after the introduction of the minimum gender quotas in Italy in 2011 (Golfo‐Mosca Law). We studied the 40 companies of the FTSE‐MIB index for 3 years 2016–2018. Using yearly regression analysis, pooled analysis, and differential analysis, we find that the female involvement on both boards has almost no significant effect on the financial performance; however, a significant association is found with the corporate sustainability performance. The robustness checks using differential analysis confirm the later relationship in which firms that improved female representation had also an ethical score upgrade. Interestingly, we also provide that there is an optimal level of gender quotas that maximizes sustainability performance and beyond that, a negative impact on performance might be detected.