bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Big Data to support sustainable urban energy planning: The EvoEnergy project
Authors: Chalal Moulay Larbi , Medjdoub Benachir , Bezai Nacer , Shrahily Raid 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnergy sustainability is a complex problem that needs to be tackled holistically by equally addressing other aspects such as socio-economic to meet the strict CO2 emission targets. This paper builds upon our previous work on the effect of household transition on residential energy consumption where we developed a 3D urban energy prediction system (EvoEnergy) using the old UK panel data survey, namely, the British household panel data survey (BHPS). In particular, the aim of the present study is to examine the validity and reliability of EvoEnergy under the new UK household longitudinal study (UKHLS) launched in 2009. To achieve this aim, the household transition and energy prediction modules of EvoEnergy have been tested under both data sets using various statistical techniques such as Chow test. The analysis of the results advised that EvoEnergy remains a reliable prediction system and had a good prediction accuracy (MAPE 5%) when compared to actual energy performance certificate data. From this premise, we recommend researchers, who are working on data-driven energy consumption forecasting, to consider merging the BHPS and UKHLS data sets. This will, in turn, enable them to capture the bigger picture of different energy phenomena such as fuel poverty; consequently, anticipate problems with policy prior to their occurrence. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing two scenarios of EvoEnergy development in relation to energy policy and decision-making.
A descriptive survey of online gaming characteristics and gaming disorder in Ireland
Authors: Columb David , Griffiths Mark D , O’Gara Colin 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to carry out the first ever study of gaming characteristics of individuals engaging in online gaming in Ireland and to ascertain whether features of gaming disorder are present in this population.MethodsAn online survey (comprising 21 questions – 3 demographic questions and 18 questions related to gaming and gaming disorder) was distributed on numerous Irish online gaming forums and Irish online gaming communities. Participants were self-selected and invited to compete the online survey containing questions related to gaming behaviours (age of onset, hours played on weekdays/weekends, type of device used), mobile gaming, motives for online gaming, use of microtransactions, engagement in esports, and a screening tool for the presence of gaming disorder.ResultsA total of 166 participants engaged in the online survey. Among this study population of regular gamers in Ireland, 2.4% of the study population were classified as having gaming disorder, with up to 5.4% showing some evidence of disordered gaming. The main motivation for online gaming in the non-disordered gaming group was recreation (13.3, sd = 2.7) but only the fourth main motivation in the disordered gaming group behind competition (16.3, sd = 3.7), escape (16.2, sd = 4.3), and coping (15.1, sd = 3.7). Increased hours of gameplay on weekdays and weekends were noted in the disordered gaming group compared to non-disordered gamers.ConclusionsA small percentage of gamers in Ireland demonstrate disordered gaming characteristics and gaming disorder, consistent with data from other international studies. Epidemiological studies are required in Ireland to enhance our knowledge of this disorder.
Population-based food consumption survey as an additional tool for foodborne outbreak investigations, Germany, 2017
Authors: Rosner B. M. , Meinen A. , Schmich P. , Zeisler M.-L. , Stark K. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We conducted a food consumption survey in the general adult population of 18 years and older in Germany to obtain data on the frequency of consumption of food items that caused foodborne disease outbreaks in the past. A total of 1010 telephone interviews were completed that queried the consumption of 95 food items in the 7-day period before the interview. Survey results were weighted to be representative. Six exemplary ‘high risk’ food items were consumed by 6% to 16% of the general population. These were raw ground pork: 6.5%; ‘Teewurst’ (=spreadable sausage-containing raw pork): 15.7%; unpasteurised milk consumed without prior heating: 9.0%; food items prepared with raw eggs: 9.8%; unheated sprouts or seedlings: 8.8% and frozen berries consumed without prior heating: 6.2%. Data from our food consumption survey were comparable to data obtained from control persons in case-control studies conducted during past foodborne disease outbreak investigations. We consider our survey an additional helpful tool that will allow comparison with food consumption data from case-patients obtained in exploratory, hypothesis-generating interviews early on in outbreak investigations, and which may assist in forming hypotheses regarding associations of illnesses with suspected food vehicles. This may facilitate and accelerate investigations of future foodborne disease outbreaks.
Revisiting the Presence of Women in Political Science Journal Editorial Positions
Authors: Palmer Barbara , van Assendelft Laura , Stegmaier Mary 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTIn 2010, an analysis of the top 50 political science journals showed that women were reasonably well represented as editors, associate editors, and board members compared to their numbers as senior faculty at PhD-granting institutions. As the presence of women in the profession has increased, have women kept up in these editorial positions? Overall, the data from 2018 suggest that they have. Although women are still significantly underrepresented as editors and associate editors at journals with small editorial staffs, they are well represented at those with medium-sized and large staffs. The proportion of women as board members also has kept pace with the proportion of female senior faculty at PhD-granting institutions, especially at the top five journals in the profession. There is still significant variation among journals but little change in their rankings: journals with the highest proportion of women as editors, associate editors, and board members in 2010 continued to lead the way in 2018.
Statistical Study of Ion Upflow Associated with Subauroral Polarization Streams (SAPS) at Substorm Time
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Liu Yong C.‐M. , Zhang Q.‐H. , Xing Zan‐Yang , Wang Yong , Ma Yu‐Zhang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present a statistical study of the ion upflow associated with subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) in the ionospheric subauroral region at different substorm times using three Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellite (F16–F18) data for five years (2010–2014) in the Northern Hemisphere. The results show similarities between SAPS and the ion upflow at different intensity of substorms both in occurrence rate distribution and velocity distribution. In comparison to SAPS, the distribution of the ion upflow shows the smaller occurrence region and lower velocity. We also find that frictional heating plays an important role in ion upflow from the SAPS region. The intense substorms can trigger strong SAPS channels, enhanced frictional heating, and large ion upflow. In addition, there is a moderate linear correlation between SAPS velocity and field‐aligned velocity that is consistent with some previous findings. Our results also show that frictional heating can gradually dominate the ion upflow process in intense substorms, while it may not be the only factor to affect the whole upflow process.
Ballooning Instability in the Plasma Sheet TransitionRegion in Conjunction With Nonsubstorm Auroral Wave Structures
Authors: Xing Xiaoyan , Wang Chih‐Ping , Liang Jun , Yang Bing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAs an important dynamic process in the plasma sheet, ballooning instability was suggested to be responsible for unstable plasma involving azimuthal wave structures. The upward and downward alternately flowing field‐aligned currents developed in association with unstable waves may cause the finger/beading‐like auroral wave structures along the longitudinal direction, which is a common auroral feature preceding the auroral substorm poleward expansions. In our previous study, we directly evaluated the ballooning instability criterion using in situ observations in conjunction with auroral images and found that the ballooning unstable condition is satisfied in the near‐Earth plasma sheet prior to the auroral wave structures preceding substorm onset. In this study, we adopted the same method and examine the plasma sheet conditions within the regions in conjunction with weak transient auroral wave structures that fade out without further intensification and poleward expansion. The results from analyzing eight events show that no abrupt changes were found in plasma moments and field data. However, the magnetohydrodynamic ballooning instability criterion estimated from observations was satisfied shortly before the initiation of the auroral wave structures due to the changes in plasma spatial profiles. Instability develops against waves with shorter wavelength than those in ambient plasma. Weak magnetic oscillations within the Pi2 band were associated with the instability. These results suggest that the ballooning instability in the plasma sheet transition region is a plausible candidate for causing auroral wave structures during non‐substorm time. The unstable state of the plasma may not necessarily lead to favorable conditions for the substorm onset to occur.
FM Broadcast Monitoring Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Huang M. , Yang D.R. , Zhu D. , Yang M.X. , Yang J.J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn recent decades, artificial intelligence has demonstrated successful applications in computer vision and natural language processing due to its breakthrough performance. In this paper, we propose a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN)‐based method, characterized by acoustic features, for FM broadcast monitoring. The results show that the proposed DCNN model trained with the FBank feature extracted from FM audio files is capable of achieving nearly 100% accuracy in FM station identification tasks. Illegal broadcasting signals are then detected through a comparison with a radio frequency station database. Integrated with the trained DCNN model, an online FM broadcast monitoring system has been successfully implemented and deployed to help reduce human labor and automate the task of FM broadcast monitoring.
High-performance silicon−graphene hybrid plasmonic waveguide photodetectors beyond 1.55 μm
Authors: Guo Jingshu , Li Jiang , Liu Chaoyue , Yin Yanlong , Wang Wenhui , Ni Zhenhua , Fu Zhilei , Yu Hui , Xu Yang , Shi Yaocheng , Ma Yungui , Gao Shiming , Tong Limin , Dai Daoxin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGraphene has attracted much attention for the realization of high-speed photodetection for silicon photonics over a wide wavelength range. However, the reported fast graphene photodetectors mainly operate in the 1.55 μm wavelength band. In this work, we propose and realize high-performance waveguide photodetectors based on bolometric/photoconductive effects by introducing an ultrathin wide silicon−graphene hybrid plasmonic waveguide, which enables efficient light absorption in graphene at 1.55 μm and beyond. When operating at 2 μm, the present photodetector has a responsivity of ~70 mA/W and a setup-limited 3 dB bandwidth of >20 GHz. When operating at 1.55 μm, the present photodetector also works very well with a broad 3 dB bandwidth of >40 GHz (setup-limited) and a high responsivity of ~0.4 A/W even with a low bias voltage of −0.3 V. This work paves the way for achieving high-responsivity and high-speed silicon–graphene waveguide photodetection in the near/mid-infrared ranges, which has applications in optical communications, nonlinear photonics, and on-chip sensing.
Quasi-2D halide perovskites for resistive switching devices with ON/OFF ratios above 109
Authors: Kim Hyojung , Choi Min-Ju , Suh Jun Min , Han Ji Su , Kim Sun Gil , Le Quyet Van , Kim Soo Young , Jang Ho Won 
Published: February 2020

AbstractResistive random-access memory (ReRAM) devices based on halide perovskites have recently emerged as a new class of data storage devices, where the switching materials used in these devices have attracted extensive attention in recent years. Thus far, three-dimensional (3D) halide perovskites have been the most investigated materials for resistive switching memory devices. However, 3D-based memory devices display ON/OFF ratios comparable to those of oxide or chalcogenide ReRAM devices. In addition, perovskite materials are susceptible to exposure to air. Herein, we compare the resistive switching characteristics of ReRAM devices based on a quasi-two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskite, (PEA)2Cs3Pb4I13, to those based on 3D CsPbI3. Astonishingly, the ON/OFF ratio of the (PEA)2Cs3Pb4I13-based memory devices (109) is three orders of magnitude higher than that of the CsPbI3 device, which is attributed to a decrease in the high-resistance state (HRS) current of the former. This device also retained a high ON/OFF current ratio for 2 weeks under ambient conditions, whereas the CsPbI3 device degraded rapidly and showed unreliable memory properties after 5 days. These results strongly suggest that quasi-2D halide perovskites have potential in resistive switching memory based on their desirable ON/OFF ratio and long-term stability.
Annexin A5 as an immune checkpoint inhibitor and tumor-homing molecule for cancer treatment
Authors: Kang Tae Heung , Park Jung Hwa , Yang Andrew , Park Hyun Jin , Lee Sung Eun , Kim Young Seob , Jang Gun-Young , Farmer Emily , Lam Brandon , Park Yeong-Min , Hung Chien-Fu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe interaction between immune cells and phosphatidylserine (PS) molecules exposed on the surface of apoptotic-tumor bodies, such as those induced by chemotherapies, contributes to the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Annexin A5 (AnxA5) binds with high affinity to PS externalized by apoptotic cells, thereby hindering their interaction with immune cells. Here, we show that AnxA5 administration rescue the immunosuppressive state of the TME induced by chemotherapy. Due to the preferential homing of AnxA5 to the TME enriched with PS+ tumor cells, we demonstrate in vivo that fusing tumor-antigen peptide to AnxA5 significantly enhances its immunogenicity and antitumor efficacy when administered after chemotherapy. Also, the therapeutic antitumor effect of an AnxA5-peptide fusion can be further enhanced by administration of other immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our findings support the administration of AnxA5 following chemotherapy as a promising immune checkpoint inhibitor for cancer treatment.
Towards a more effective climate policy on international trade
Authors: Dietzenbacher Erik , Cazcarro Ignacio , Arto Iñaki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the literature on the attribution of responsibilities for greenhouse gas emissions, two accounting methods have been widely discussed: production-based accounting (PBA) and consumption-based accounting (CBA). It has been argued that an accounting framework for attributing responsibilities should credit actions contributing to reduce global emissions and should penalize actions increasing them. Neither PBA nor CBA satisfy this principle. Adapting classical Ricardian trade theory, we consider ex post measurement and propose a scheme for assigning credits and penalties. Their size is determined by how much CO2 emissions are saved globally due to trade. This leads to the emission responsibility allotment (ERA) for assigning responsibilities. We illustrate the differences between ERA and PBA and CBA by comparing their results for 41 countries and regions between 1995–2009. The Paris Agreement (COP21) proposed new market mechanisms; we argue that ERA is well suited to measure and evaluate their overall mitigation impact.
High-resolution snapshots of human N-myristoyltransferase in action illuminate a mechanism promoting N-terminal Lys and Gly myristoylation
Authors: Dian Cyril , Pérez-Dorado Inmaculada , Rivière Frédéric , Asensio Thomas , Legrand Pierre , Ritzefeld Markus , Shen Mengjie , Cota Ernesto , Meinnel Thierry , Tate Edward W. , Giglione Carmela 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe promising drug target N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) catalyses an essential protein modification thought to occur exclusively at N-terminal glycines (Gly). Here, we present high-resolution human NMT1 structures co-crystallised with reactive cognate lipid and peptide substrates, revealing high-resolution snapshots of the entire catalytic mechanism from the initial to final reaction states. Structural comparisons, together with biochemical analysis, provide unforeseen details about how NMT1 reaches a catalytically competent conformation in which the reactive groups are brought into close proximity to enable catalysis. We demonstrate that this mechanism further supports efficient and unprecedented myristoylation of an N-terminal lysine side chain, providing evidence that NMT acts both as N-terminal-lysine and glycine myristoyltransferase.
Cryo-EM structures of the XPF-ERCC1 endonuclease reveal how DNA-junction engagement disrupts an auto-inhibited conformation
Authors: Jones Morgan , Beuron Fabienne , Borg Aaron , Nans Andrea , Earl Christopher P. , Briggs David C. , Snijders Ambrosius P. , Bowles Maureen , Morris Edward P. , Linch Mark , McDonald Neil Q. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe structure-specific endonuclease XPF-ERCC1 participates in multiple DNA damage repair pathways including nucleotide excision repair (NER) and inter-strand crosslink repair (ICLR). How XPF-ERCC1 is catalytically activated by DNA junction substrates is not currently understood. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of both DNA-free and DNA-bound human XPF-ERCC1. DNA-free XPF-ERCC1 adopts an auto-inhibited conformation in which the XPF helical domain masks the ERCC1 (HhH)2 domain and restricts access to the XPF catalytic site. DNA junction engagement releases the ERCC1 (HhH)2 domain to couple with the XPF-ERCC1 nuclease/nuclease-like domains. Structure-function data indicate xeroderma pigmentosum patient mutations frequently compromise the structural integrity of XPF-ERCC1. Fanconi anaemia patient mutations in XPF often display substantial in-vitro activity but are resistant to activation by ICLR recruitment factor SLX4. Our data provide insights into XPF-ERCC1 architecture and catalytic activation.
Reconfigurable symmetry-broken laser in a symmetric microcavity
Authors: Cao Qi-Tao , Liu Ruishan , Wang Heming , Lu Yu-Kun , Qiu Cheng-Wei , Rotter Stefan , Gong Qihuang , Xiao Yun-Feng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe coherent light source is one of the most important foundations in both optical physics studies and applied photonic devices. However, the whispering gallery microcavity, as a prime platform for novel light sources, has the intrinsically chiral symmetry and severely rules out access to directional light output, all-optical flip-flops, efficient light extraction, etc. Here, we demonstrate a reconfigurable symmetry-broken microlaser in an ultrahigh-Q whispering gallery microcavity with the symmetric structure, in which a chirality of lasing field is empowered spontaneously by the optical nonlinear effect. Experimentally, the ratio of counter-propagating lasing intensities is found to exceed 160:1, and the chirality can be controlled dynamically and all-optically by the bias in the pump direction. This work not only presents a distinct recipe for coherent light sources with robust and reconfigurable performance, but also opens up an unexplored avenue to symmetry-broken physics in optical micro-structures.
Grain morphology reconstruction of crystalline materials from Laue three-dimensional neutron diffraction tomography
Authors: Samothrakitis Stavros , Raventós Marc , Čapek Jan , Larsen Camilla Buhl , Grünzweig Christian , Tovar Michael , Garcia-Gonzalez Marina , Kopeček Jaromír , Schmidt Søren , Strobl Markus 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe macroscopic properties of advanced engineering and functional materials are highly dependent on their overall grain orientation distribution, size, and morphology. Here we present Laue 3D neutron diffraction tomography providing reconstructions of the grains constituting a coarse-grained polycrystalline material. Reconstructions of the grain morphology of a highly pure Fe cylinder and a Cu cube sample are presented. A total number of 23 and 9 grains from the Fe and Cu samples, respectively, were indexed and reconstructed. Validation of the grain morphological reconstruction is performed by post-mortem EBSD of the Cu specimen.
Loss of angiogenin function is related to earlier ALS onset and a paradoxical increase in ALS duration
Authors: Aluri Krishna C. , Salisbury Joseph P. , Prehn Jochen H. M. , Agar Jeffrey N. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract0.5–1% of ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with mutations in the angiogenin (ANG). These mutations are thought to cause disease through a loss of ANG function, but this hypothesis has not been evaluated statistically. In addition, the potential for ANG to promote disease has not been considered. With the goal of better defining the etiology of ANG-ALS, we assembled all clinical onset and disease duration data and determined if these were correlated with biochemical properties of ANG variants. Loss of ANG stability and ribonuclease activity were found to correlate with early ALS onset, confirming an aspect of the prevailing model of ANG-ALS. Conversely, loss of ANG stability and ribonuclease activity correlated with longer survival following diagnosis, which is inconsistent with the prevailing model. These results indicate that functional ANG appears to decrease the risk of developing ALS but exacerbate ALS once in progress. These findings are rationalized in terms of studies demonstrating that distinct mechanisms contribute to ALS onset and progression and propose that ANG replacement or stabilization would benefit pre-symptomatic ANG-ALS patients. However, this study challenges the prevailing hypothesis that augmenting ANG will benefit symptomatic ANG-ALS patients. Instead, our results suggest that silencing of ANG activity may be beneficial for symptomatic ALS patients. This study will serve as a call-to-arms for neurologists to consistently publish ALS and PD patient's clinical data—if all ANG-ALS patients’ data were available our findings could be tested with considerable statistical power.
Dogs can sense weak thermal radiation
Authors: Bálint Anna , Andics Attila , Gácsi Márta , Gábor Anna , Czeibert Kálmán , Luce Chelsey M. , Miklósi Ádám , Kröger Ronald H. H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe dog rhinarium (naked and often moist skin on the nose-tip) is prominent and richly innervated, suggesting a sensory function. Compared to nose-tips of herbivorous artio- and perissodactyla, carnivoran rhinaria are considerably colder. We hypothesized that this coldness makes the dog rhinarium particularly sensitive to radiating heat. We trained three dogs to distinguish between two distant objects based on radiating heat; the neutral object was about ambient temperature, the warm object was about the same surface temperature as a furry mammal. In addition, we employed functional magnetic resonance imaging on 13 awake dogs, comparing the responses to heat stimuli of about the same temperatures as in the behavioural experiment. The warm stimulus elicited increased neural response in the left somatosensory association cortex. Our results demonstrate a hitherto undiscovered sensory modality in a carnivoran species.