bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obraz cara bułgarskiego Samuela w źródłach bizantyńskich (XII w.)
Authors: Leszka Mirosław J. 
Published: March 2020

Samuel, the ruler of Bulgaria from the turn of the tenth and eleventh centuries is without a doubt a significant figure in the history of his country, having left a clear mark on its relations with the Byzantine Empire. It was he who challenged the Byzantines, who occupied a considerable part of Bulgaria in 971. Over the course of several decades, he was first wrenching Bulgarian territories from the Byzantine hands and subsequently defended his possessions with great determination. It was only several years after his death (1014) that the Bulgarian state fell into Byzantine hands (1018), ushering an almost hundred and seventy yearperiod of its nonexistence – the time of Byzantine captivity.
Information included in the 12th‑century Byzantine sources (Nicephor Bryennios, Anna Komnene, John Zonaras, Michael Glykas, The Life of Nikon Metanoeite”), analysed in the present article and relating to Samuel are focused on the two fundamental questions, specifically the circumstances in which he had taken the reins of power and the military activity he conducted against Byzantium. The portrayal of the Bulgarian ruler included therein was on the one hand influenced by the trend present in the Byzantine literature to diminish the successes of the Empire’s enemies by indicating their causes were to be found on the Byzantine side, and on the other by the fact that the Bulgarians became subjects of the Byzantine ruler. Some of them entered into the elite of the Byzantine society, sometimes through familial connections. In these circumstances, it was better to be related to Samuel the Basileus, rather than to Samuel the barbarian.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN UNTUK MENGHADAPI PERSAINGAN DI PT TELKOM JAWA BARAT
Authors: Purwanggono Cuk Jaka 
Published: March 2020

The research is purposed to know how motivational factors consisting of salary and social security, career expectation, managerial role, employee competence, work type, job equipment, work environment, and company policy—influence employee performance at a telecommunication company in West Java. The research is a survey one to generate scientific information using explanatory research. Data of the research is analyzed with a simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis. Besides, the research experiences t-test, F-test, correlation coefficient, and determination coefficient calculated with an SPSS Version 12 program. Results of the research indicate that motivational factors have, both individually and collectively, significant influences on employee performance, with employee competence being the most dominant factor influencing employee performance at a telecommunication company in West Java. Keywords : Motivation, performance, competition
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN KEUANGAN, RISK TOLERANCE TERHADAP INVESTASI SAHAM, DIMODERASI GENDER
Authors: Kurniawati S Indah Yuni 
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of financial knowledge and tolerance on stock investment decisions (corporate self-image, reference information and financial information), with data analysis techniques using SEM on WarpPLS, there are 112 respondents with those in accordance with this study. Based on the results of the study, financial knowledge has a significant negative effect on the company's self-image and referral information, but a significant positive effect on financial information. Risk tolerance has only a significant positive effect on financial information and does not have a significant effect on corporate self-image and referral information. Gender cannot moderate the effect of risk tolerance on stock investment decisions. Keywords : stock investment, knowledge, risk tolerance
ANALISIS PENERAPAN METODE RGEC GUNA MENILAI TINGKAT KESEHATAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH TAHUN 2015-2017 (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. BANK CENTRAL ASIA SYARIAH)
Authors: Sari Ratna Kurnia , Mubarok Husni 
Published: March 2020

In the economic system, banking has an important role in, supporting the economic progress of a country. In Indonesia alone, banking is known to be of two types, namely conventional banks and Islamic banks. Conventional banks usually refer to the interest system, which is most likely to be affected by the crisis. Whereas Islamic banks refer more to the profit sharing system and approach the community and reduce the risk or monetary fluctuation. The purpose of this study was to look at the health level of PT. Bank Central Asia Syariah using the RGEC method which includes risk profile, good corporate governance, earning and capital for 3 years. The result of the study in general showed that the health level of PT. Bank Central Asia Syariah in term of RGEC in 2015-2016 is in the position of composite rank 3 in a fairly healthy condition. Whereas in 2017 it was in the position of composite rank 2 in a healthy state. And to maintain public trust as the owner of the funds, stakeholders, and the government as supervisors, PT. Bank Central Asia Syariah is expected to be able to improve the ability of assets, capital management, and operational income, so that the quality of bank profits can be maintained and even improved. Keywords : Analysis, PT. Bank Central Asia Syariah, RGEC Method
APPLYING THE STRATEGIES OF DISAGREEMENT EXPRESSION IN THE MOVIE OF AARON SORKINâ€™S A FEW GOOD MEN
Authors: Okem Ahmad Febrianto , Mirahayuni Ni Ketut 
Published: March 2020

This study talks about the forms and strategies of disagreement expressions used by the characters in in Movie Script Aaron Sorkinâ€™s A Few Good Men. The aims of this research are to find out the forms and types of disagreement strategies. The descriptive qualitative was used in this research and the data were the conversation among the characters. The analysis was based on Muntigl and Turnbullâ€™s (1998) for the types of disagreement strategies in disagreement expressionÂ andÂ for theÂ typesÂ ofÂ theÂ form basedÂ on Liuâ€™s (2004). The study involves thirty (30) data taken from drama plays. The study found that (1) disagreement expression can be identified by the form to describe the type of the sentence, they are declarative form involvesÂ twenty three (23) data of disagreement expression which is found in all types of disagreement strategy, (2) Interrogative form involves four (4) data of disagreement expression which is found in challenge and counterclaims strategy. (3) Imperative form involves two (2) data of disagreement expression which is found in challenge strategy (4) Exclamative form involves one (1) data of disagreement expression which is found in contradict strategy. Second, the result of the analysis also shows that there are four types of disagreement strategies usually used by the characters: Irrelevancy Claims involves four (4) data, Challenge involves nine (9) data, Contradict involves nine (9) and Counterclaims involves eight (8) data.
GAY REPRESENTATION IN BECKY ALBERTALLI'S SIMON VS THE HOMO SAPIENS AGENDA
Authors: Gading Irvan , Marsih Linusia 
Published: March 2020

This study aims to reveal gay habitus in Becky Albertalli's Simon VS The Homo Sapiens Agenda. This study is descriptive qualitative which applies both intrinsic and extrinsic approaches. The intrinsic approach is applied due to the fact that the study deals with the characterization of the main character in the novel. Moreover, the sociological approach is applied because the study is primarily concerned with a social phenomenon reflected inÂ literary work as the novel portrays the representation of gay habitus reflected in the attitude and behaviours of one of the main characters in the novel. In revealing the gay habitus reflected in the novel, Bourdieu's theory of habitus is applied. The discussion is focused on the Simon's habitation as a gay and the factors that contribute to the formation of Simon's habitus as a gay. The result of the study shows that Simon develops gay habitus. The representations of his gay habitus include are having no attraction to the opposite sex, adoring the same sex, obsessing and fantasizing about the same sex, feeling jealous and cynical to the suspected competitors, and falling in love with the same sex. There are two factors that support the development of Simon's gay habitus i.e. primary and secondary socialization.
Theoretical Calculations of the Diffusion and Friction Coefficients for Neutral Atoms that Moving in a Laser Field
Authors: Kamil Hanoon Haider 
Published: March 2020

This research aimed to study the friction and diffusion coefficients of neutral atoms that moving and interact with a laser field .The Mathcad 14 program used to calculate the results. The theoretical model was solved and shown the effect of different optical parameters on the diffusion and friction of neutral atoms .The different values of ellipticity (Ɛ) were used to find the friction and diffusion coefficients ,for each value of ellipticity we found that the relationship between the natural width of excited level( γ) and the difference(δ) between the frequency of laser field(ω) and the atomic resonance (ω0 ) has strong effect on the friction coefficient of atoms .The effect of Rabi frequency (Ω ) on the diffusion coefficient has been investigated .In this research the results showed that each of the parameters δ and Ω has effect on the diffusion of atom and the Rabi frequency has more influence. The dependence of the friction and diffusion coefficients on the natural width of the excited level was studied. The measuring of the friction and diffusion coefficients of atom very important to control the movement and then localize it, this have many applications in physics fields.
TINJAUAN PERHITUNGAN BANGUNAN BAWAH (SUB STRUCTURE) PROYEK JEMBATAN SUNGAI JINAL (RUAS DESA DANAU CARAMIN (BATAS KABUPATEN HULU SUNGAI UTARA)-BATAS KOTA AMUNTAI)
Authors: Amanda Muhammad Indra , Febrianty Ruliana , Rahman Tezar Aulia 
Published: March 2020

Jembatan Sungai Jinal berada di ruas Desa Danau Caramin (Batas Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara)–Batas Kota Amuntai. Perencanaan struktur jembatan Sungai Jinal direncanakan pada tahun 2015 menggunakan peraturan pembebanan untuk jembatan RSNI 2005, seiring dengan waktu, standart tersebut perlu diperbarui sesuai dengan kondisi terkini menggunakan SNI 1725:2016.Perhitungan pembebanan yang dilakukan pada abutment jembatan sungai Jinal menggunakan SNI 1725:2016 dan untuk standar perencanaan ketahanan gempa untuk jembatan menggunakan SNI 2883:2013. Analisa perhitungan daya dukung tiang aksial menggunakan metode pendekatan statis yang terdiri dari data N-SPT, sedangkan untuk perhitungan daya dukung tiang lateral menggunakan metode pendekatan Suyono. Analisa perhitungan penulangan pada abutment menggunakan RSNI T-12-2004.Berdasarkan hasil analisa perhitungan diperoleh hasil daya dukung tiang sudah mampu menahan gaya-gaya yang bekerja pada jembatan dengan nilai daya dukung tiang tunggal sebesar 128,6 ton. Sedangkan pada perhitungan penulangan terdapat perbedaan hasil dimensi tulangan, dimana pada pilecap dimensi perencana tulangan tarik D19-150 sedangkan perhitungan D22-150, tulangan susut D19-100 sedangkan perhitungan D13-100, tulangan geser D10-300/300 sedangkan perhitungan D13-200/200. Pada penulagan breaswall dimensi tulangan tarik D25-120 sedangkan perhitungan D25-100, tulangan tekan D25-120 sedangkan perhitungan D19-100, tulangan susut D16-150 sedangkan perhitungan D19-125. Perbedaan hasil perhitungan disebabkan oleh peraturan pembebanan yang digunakan, standar perencanaan ketahanan gempa dan bentuk abutment.
UJI KINERJA DAYA DUKUNG INDIVIDU PONDASI TIANG DENGAN ALAT INSTRUMENT KONTROL PILE DRIVE ANALYZER TEST DI REFINERY UNIT V BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Sulardi Sulardi 
Published: March 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memberikan gambaran rinsip dasar penggunaan alat instrumen kontrol pile drive analyzer dan metode pelaksanaanya pada pengujian daya dukung tiang pancang pondasi tangki kilang Pertamina Unit V Balikpapan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah metode penelitian terapan (penelitian terpakai) dengan metode pendekatan studi kasus unconfidence level terhadap akurasi hasil pemancangan pondasi tiang. Penelitian ini adalah sekaligus technical notes succes story penggunaan alat instrument kontrol PDA test dilingkungan kilang PT. Pertamina RU V Balikpapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berdasarkan hasil uji dengan alat instrumen kontrol PDA test dapat memberikan akurasi yang baik pada daya dukung individu tiang pancang pondasi tangki sehingga tidak ada keraguan terhadap kriteria penerimaan bangunan tangki nantinya. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa alat instrumen kontrol PDA cocok dan aman digunakan diarea kilang dan dapat dipergunakan untuk pekerjaan sejenis di unit kerja PT. Pertamina yang lain. Kata kunci: Alat instrumen kontrol, pile drive analyzer, daya dukung individu.The aim of the study was to provide an overview of the basic principles of the use of a pile drive analyzer control instrument and its implementation method in testing the carrying capacity of Pertamina Refinery Tank Unit Balikpapan V tank foundation pile. The research method used in this research is applied research method with the method of using an unconfidence level case study on the accuracy of the results of pile foundation erection. This study is at the same time succesful story technical notes using PDA test control instrument in PT. Pertamina RU V Balikpapan. The results showed that based on the results of tests with PDA test control instruments can provide good accuracy on the carrying capacity of individual tank foundation piles so that there is no doubt about the acceptance criteria of tank building later. The results of this study recommend that PDA control instruments are suitable and safe to use in refinery areas and can be used for similar work in PT. Pertamina other. Keywords: Control instrument, pile drive analyzer, individual bearing capacity.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa Melalui Penerapan Media Video Animasi Tiga Dimensi (3D)
Authors: Ferry Dharma , Jepriadi  , Kamil Dairabi 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT: In addition to facilitating understanding the material that is difficult to understand, animation media can also improve student learning outcomes. The application of animation media in the research conducted aims to improve the learning outcomes of class VIII B students of 19 Kerinci State Middle School. The research method uses classroom action research with two actions in the cycle. The technique of collecting data through observation and test sheets. The results of the study indicate an increase in aspects and actions. Aspects in the first action of students' interest in learning, namely 48.38%, experienced an increase in the second action reaching an average of 80.31%. Then in the third action it increased to an average of 92.53%. This happens because the application of animation media is far more effective in attracting the attention and concentration of students in learning. If the learning interest of students is high and very enthusiastic in learning, learning will also be easy to understand, learning outcomes will be better, and learning goals can be achieved as desired.Keywords: 3D Animation Video, Biology Learning Outcomes, Learning Media
ABSTRAK: Media video animasi tiga dimensi (3D) adalah salah satu media yang dapat diaplikasikan guru dalam proses pembelajaran. Penggunakan media ini menjadi alternatif bagi guru sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, khususnya pada mata pelajaran biologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar biologi siswa melalui penerapan media animasi tiga dimensi (3D). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari siswa SMP Negeri 19 Kerinci. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui lembar observasi dan tes. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh rata-rata nilai post-test pada siklus pertama adalah 74,94 dengan persentase siswa yang mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum (KKM) sebesar 55,5% . Pada siklus kedua diperoleh rata-rata nilai post-test adalah 81,5 dengan persentase siswa yang mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimum (KKM) sebesar 88,8%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media video animasi tiga dimensi (3D) berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar biologi siswa.Kata Kunci: Video Animasi 3D, Hasil Belajar Biologi, Media Pembelajaran
Crisis and retirement
Authors: Raj Jayaseelan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe recent crisis in the tea industry has devastated the livelihood of the Dalit workforce in the South Indian state of Kerala. Retired workers were worst affected, since the plantation companies—under the disguise of the crisis—deferred their service payout. This article seeks to understand the severe alienation of the retirees as they struggle to regain lost respect, kinship network, and everyday sociality in the plantations and beyond. I argue that the alienation produced through their dispossession as wage laborers and the discrimination as Tamil-speaking Dalit must be understood as an interrelated process, whereas the source of alienation cannot be reduced to production or categorical relations alone.
External validation of a new classification of spinal lipomas based on embryonic stage
Authors: Tominey Steven , Kaliaperumal Chandrasekaran , Gallo Pasquale 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVEContention exists regarding appropriate classification and management of spinal lipomas (SLs). Given the heterogeneity of SLs, omissions and overlap between surgically incomparable groups exist in conventional classification systems. The new classification of spinal lipoma (NCSL) recently proposed by Morota et al. delineates morphology by embryological pathogenesis and the resultant operative difficulty. Here, the authors aimed to validate the NCSL by applying it to patients who had been operated on at their institution.METHODSAll children who had undergone resection for SL between 2014 and 2018 were included in this analysis. MRI studies were independently reviewed and classified by three adjudicators. Baseline characteristics, inter-adjudicator agreement, coexisting anomalies and/or malformations, and postoperative outcomes and complications were analyzed.RESULTSThirty-six patients underwent surgical untethering for SL: NCSL type 1 in 5 patients (14%), type 2 in 14 patients (39%), type 3 in 4 patients (11%), and type 4 in 13 patients (36%). All classification was agreed on first assignment by the adjudicators. Radical or near-radical resection, which was attempted in all patients, was always possible in those with type 1 and 4 SL, but never in those with type 2 and 3 SL. Neurological stabilization and/or improvement were observed in all patients at the last follow-up.CONCLUSIONSThe NCSL was found to be a logical and reproducible system to apply in this SL population. All cases were successfully classified with a high degree of inter-assessor agreement. Widespread establishment of a commonly adopted and clinically useful classification system will enable clinicians to improve patient selection as well as discussion with patient representatives during the decision-making process.
Selective dorsal rhizotomy: an illustrated review of operative techniques
Authors: Warsi Nebras M. , Tailor Jignesh , Coulter Ian C. , Shakil Husain , Workewych Adriana , Haldenby Renée , Breitbart Sara , Strantzas Samuel , Vandenberk Michael , Dewan Michael C. , Ibrahim George M. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVESelective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a procedure primarily performed to improve function in a subset of children with limitations related to spasticity. There is substantial variability in operative techniques among centers and surgeons. Here, the authors provide a technical review of operative approaches for SDR.METHODSOvid MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases were queried in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. All studies included described a novel surgical technique. The technical nuances of each approach were extracted, including extent of exposure, bone removal, and selection of appropriate nerve roots. The operative approach preferred at the authors’ institution (the “2 × 3 exposure”) is also detailed.RESULTSFive full-text papers were identified from a total of 380 articles. Operative approaches to SDR varied significantly with regard to level of exposure, extent of laminectomy, and identification of nerve roots. The largest exposure involved a multilevel laminectomy, while the smallest exposure involved a keyhole interlaminar approach. At the Hospital for Sick Children, the authors utilize a two-level laminoplasty at the level of the conus medullaris. The benefits and disadvantages of the spectrum of techniques are discussed, and illustrative figures are provided.CONCLUSIONSSurgical approaches to SDR vary considerably and are detailed and illustrated in this review as a guide for neurosurgeons. Future studies should address the long-term impact of these techniques on functional outcomes and complications such as spinal deformity.
Effect modifiers for patient-reported outcomes in operatively and nonoperatively treated patients with adult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis: a combined analysis of randomized and observational cohorts
Authors: Yanik Elizabeth L. , Kelly Michael P. , Lurie Jon D. , Baldus Christine R. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Schwab Frank J. , Bess Shay , Lenke Lawrence G. , LaBore Adam , Bridwell Keith H. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVEAdult symptomatic lumbar scoliosis (ASLS) is a common and disabling condition. The ASLS-1 was a multicenter, dual-arm study (with randomized and observational cohorts) examining operative and nonoperative care on health-related quality of life in ASLS. An aim of ASLS-1 was to determine patient and radiographic factors that modify the effect of operative treatment for ASLS.METHODSPatients 40–80 years old with ASLS were enrolled in randomized and observational cohorts at 9 North American centers. Primary outcomes were the differences in mean change from baseline to 2-year follow-up for the SRS-22 subscore (SRS-SS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Analyses were performed using an as-treated approach with combined cohorts. Factors examined were prespecified or determined using regression tree analysis. For each potential effect modifier, subgroups were created using clinically relevant cutoffs or via regression trees. Estimates of within-group and between-group change were compared using generalized linear mixed models. An effect modifier was defined as a treatment effect difference greater than the minimal detectable measurement difference for both SRS-SS (0.4) and ODI (7).RESULTSTwo hundred eighty-six patients were enrolled and 256 (90%) completed 2-year follow-up; 171 received operative treatment and 115 received nonoperative treatment. Surgery was superior to nonoperative care for all effect subgroups considered, with the exception of those with nearly normal pelvic incidence−lumbar lordosis (PI–LL) match (≤ 11°). Male patients and patients with more (> 11°) PI–LL mismatch at baseline had greater operative treatment effects on both the SRS-SS and ODI compared to nonoperative treatment. No other radiographic subgroups were associated with treatment effects. High BMI, lower socioeconomic status, and poor mental health were not related to worse outcomes.CONCLUSIONSNumerous factors previously related to poor outcomes with surgery, such as low mental health, lower socioeconomic status, and high BMI, were not related to outcomes in ASLS in this exploratory analysis. Those patients with higher PI–LL mismatch did improve more with surgery than those with normal alignment. On average, none of the factors considered were associated with a worse outcome with operative treatment versus nonoperative treatment. These findings may guide future prospective analyses of factors related to outcomes in ASLS care.