bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of MTAP expression is strongly linked to homozygous 9p21 deletion, unfavorable tumor phenotype, and noninflamed microenvironment in urothelial bladder cancer
Authors: Gorbokon Natalia , Wößner Niklas , Ahlburg Viktoria , Plage Henning , Hofbauer Sebastian , Furlano Kira , Weinberger Sarah , Bruch Paul Giacomo , Schallenberg Simon , Roßner Florian , Elezkurtaj Sefer , Lennartz Maximilian , Blessin Niclas C , Marx Andreas H , Samtleben Henrik , Fisch Margit , Rink Michael , Slojewski Marcin , Kaczmarek Krystian , Ecke Thorsten , Klatte Tobias , Koch Stefan , Adamini Nico , Minner Sarah , Simon Ronald , Sauter Guido , Zecha Henrik , Horst David , Schlomm Thorsten , Bubendorf Lukas , Kluth Martina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHomozygous 9p21 deletions usually result in a complete loss of S‐methyl‐5′‐thioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) expression visualizable by immunohistochemistry (IHC). MTAP deficiency has been proposed as a marker for predicting targeted treatment response. A tissue microarray including 2,710 urothelial bladder carcinomas were analyzed for 9p21 deletion by fluorescence in situ hybridization and MTAP expression by IHC. Data were compared with data on tumor phenotype, patient survival, intratumoral lymphocyte subsets, and PD‐L1 expression. The 9p21 deletion rate increased from pTaG2 low (9.2% homozygous, 25.8% heterozygous) to pTaG2 high (32.6%, 20.9%; p < 0.0001) but was slightly lower in pTaG3 (16.7%, 16.7%) tumors. In pT2–4 carcinomas, 23.3% homozygous and 17.9% heterozygous deletions were found, and deletions were tied to advanced pT (p = 0.0014) and poor overall survival (p = 0.0461). Complete MTAP loss was seen in 98.4% of homozygous deleted while only 1.6% of MTAP negative tumors had retained 9p21 copies (p < 0.0001). MTAP loss was linked to advanced stage and poor overall survival in pT2–4 carcinomas (p < 0.05 each). The relationship between 9p21 deletions/MTAP loss and poor patient prognosis was independent of pT and pN (p < 0.05 each). The 9p21 deletions were associated with a noninflamed microenvironment (p < 0.05). Complete MTAP loss is strongly tied to homozygous 9p21 deletion, aggressive disease, and noninflamed microenvironment. Drugs targeting MTAP‐deficiency may be useful in urothelial bladder carcinoma. MTAP IHC is a near perfect surrogate for MTAP deficiency in this tumor type.
Twinkling Peptide Nanoemulsions Enable Precision Ultrasound Detection of Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Kim Inhye , Elliott Jacob C. , Lawanprasert Atip , Koehle Anthony M. , Wood Grace M. , Castro Rita , Simon Julianna C. , Medina Scott H. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNon‐invasive imaging modalities that identify rupture‐prone atherosclerotic plaques hold promise to improve patient risk stratification and advance early intervention strategies. Here, phase‐changing peptide nanoemulsions are developed as theranostic contrast agents for synchronous ultrasound detection and therapy of at‐risk atherosclerotic lesions. By targeting lipids within atherogenic foam cells, and exploiting characteristic features of vulnerable plaques, these nanoemulsions preferentially accumulate within lesions and are retained by intraplaque macrophages. It is demonstrated that acoustic vaporization of intracellular nanoemulsions promotes lipid efflux from foam cells and generates echogenic microbubbles that provide contrast‐enhanced ultrasound identification of lipid‐rich anatomical sites. In Doppler mode, stably oscillating peptide nanoemulsions induce random amplitude and phase changes of the echo wave to generate transient color imaging features, referred to as ‘twinkling’. Importantly, acoustic twinkling is unique to these peptide emulsions, and not observed from endogenous tissue bubble nuclei, generating diagnostic features that offer unprecedented spatial precision of lesion identification in 3D.
1D Core@Dual‐Shell Radial Heterojunction for Unipolar Barrier Solar‐Blind Avalanche Photodetector
Authors: Dong Jianqi , Wan Peng , Xia Wei , Ma Wanyu , Zhou Yan , Wang Xiaoxuan , Lu Hai , You Daotong , Shi Zengliang , Xu Chunxiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGa2O3 based solar‐blind avalanche photodetectors (APDs) are promising for week photodetection in both civil and military applications due to low‐voltage operation, compact dimensions, and optical filter‐free. However, the performance is impeded by low surface‐to‐volume ratio, low barrier height, and elevated dark current. Herein, a 1D ZnO/HfO2/Ga2O3 core@dual‐shell radial heterostructure is designed for high‐performance solar‐blind APDs. A single‐crystal ZnO microwire with smooth surface serves as core framework for shell growth with small lattice mismatch. By incorporating an HfO2 barrier layer, the conduction band offset is further increased to 2.15 eV without introducing a valence band barrier that would impede hole transport, forming a unipolar barrier structure. This high unipolar barrier suppresses dark current effectively, increases the avalanche breakdown electric field, and enhances the avalanche gain. The optimized APD achieves a responsivity of 2.2 × 105 A W−1 and a detectivity of 3.1 × 1016 Jones, with an avalanche gain of 4.7 × 104, which is 16 times higher than the HfO2‐free barrier layer‐modified device. Additionally, it exhibits long‐time stability with a response time of 6.4 ms and a solar‐blind/UVA rejection ratio of 6.25, ensuring immunity to solar interference. This work offers greater design flexibility to develop high‐performance Ga2O3‐based APDs and other optoelectronic devices.
Ambient‐Dried Nanocellulose Composite Aerogels for Enhanced Hydrovoltaic Electricity Generation
Authors: Cao Mengyao , Zhu Jingqiao , Miao Guohua , Sha Jie , Li Deqiang , Li Jun , Wang Chao , Li Cuihuan , Zhang Jiankang , Xu Yanglei , Chen Sheng , Xu Feng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHydrovoltaic electricity generators (HEGs), which can harvest clean energy from the ubiquitous evaporation of water, have recently attracted significant interest. The utilization of renewable porous aerogels in the development of HEGs can enhance their sustainability and performance. Herein, an efficient HEG based on ambient‐dried composite aerogels (ADAs) composed of nanocellulose and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is presented. The abundant carboxyl groups on the nanocellulose and CNTs enable electrostatic complexation with metal ions. This not only stabilizes the engineered porous ADA architecture during both ambient drying and operation but also enhances spontaneous and continuous electricity generation by boosting interactions with water molecules. The prepared HEG demonstrates an outstanding output voltage of 697 mV and a high power density of 0.57 µW cm−2 for long‐term operation in water. Furthermore, the HEG exhibits significantly improved performance when operating in brine, achieving an output voltage of 850 mV and a power density of 3.82 µW cm−2. This research demonstrates that large‐scale integrated HEGs units can provide customized electricity output to power various electronics and efficiently detect water leaks through human–machine interactions. This study provides a reliable and efficient strategy for fabricating efficient nanocellulose HEGs and paves the way for self‐powered water sensing.
Phosphates Modulated NiOx HTL toward a Lower Voc Loss in Wide Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhao Zihan , Liu Wenli , Kong Tengfei , Liu Yinjiang , Chen Weiting , Gao Peng , Bi Dongqin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe combination of p‐type NiOx and self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) has recently emerged as an optimal structure for hole transport layer (HTL) structure in wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (WBG PSCs). However, the unique requirements for NiOx in this cascade HTL system differ significantly from those of neat NiOx. Specifically, the tendency of NiOx to agglomerate can lead to poor film morphology and inadequate interfacial contact with SAMs, resulting in significant open‐circuit voltage (Voc) loss in PSCs. Herein, these issues are addressed by incorporating sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) into NiOx ink. This approach enhances the dispersibility of NiOx nanoparticles, improving the morphology and conductivity of the NiOx films through interactions between the P = O and P‐O groups and Ni ions. Additionally, SHMP promotes better contact between the NiOx and Me‐4PACz interface by increasing the number of hydroxyl groups on the uniform surface of NiOx films. Consequently, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.02% is achieved for WBG (1.79 eV) PSCs with the smallest relative Voc loss of 24.69%. The encapsulated devices exhibit excellent stability under high humidity and elevated temperatures. Furthermore, when combined with Sn‐Pb narrow‐bandgap perovskite, a PCE of 27.66% is attained for the 2‐terminal tandem solar cells (TSCs).
Selective Actuation Enabled Multifunctional Magneto‐Mechanical Metamaterial for Programming Elastic Wave Propagation
Authors: Sim Jay , Wu Shuai , Hwang Sarah , Lu Lu , Zhao Ruike Renee 
Published: December 2024

AbstractActive metamaterials are a type of metamaterial with tunable properties enabled by structural reconfigurations. Existing active metamaterials often achieve only a limited number of structural reconfigurations upon the application of an external load across the entire structure. Here, a selective actuation strategy is proposed for inhomogeneous deformations of magneto‐mechanical metamaterials, which allows for the integration of multiple elastic wave‐tuning functionalities into a single metamaterial design. Central to this actuation strategy is that a magnetic field is applied to specific unit cells instead of the entire metamaterial, and the unit cell can transform between two geometrically distinct shapes, which exhibit very different mechanical responses to elastic wave excitations. The numerical simulations and experiments demonstrate that the tunable response of the unit cell, coupled with inhomogeneous deformation achieved through selective actuation, unlocks multifunctional capabilities of magneto‐mechanical metamaterials such as tunable elastic wave transmittance, elastic waveguide, and vibration isolation. The proposed selective actuation strategy offers a simple but effective way to control the tunable properties and thus enhances the programmability of magneto‐mechanical metamaterials, which also expands the application space of magneto‐mechanical metamaterials in elastic wave manipulation.
Fully Transparent and Distortion‐Free Monotonically Stretchable Substrate by Nanostructure Alignment
Authors: Hur Jung , Park Hwaeun , Oh Hyeongsu , Jeong Sujin , Cho Jinhan , Lee Jonghwi , Chung Seungjun , Hong Yongtaek , Son Jeong Gon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStretchable devices, garnering increasing attention as next‐generation form factors, have a crucial problem in that vertical contraction occurs during stretching, causing image distortion of stretchable displays and discomfort in skin‐attached devices. Previous structural strategies to mitigate vertical contraction, such as auxetic reentrants and wrinkles, suffer from the drawback that their structure becomes visible during stretching. In this study, this issue is addressed by unidirectionally aligning nanoscopic cylinders within block copolymer elastomer films. Employing a shear‐rolling process at high temperatures on thick films of polystyrene‐block‐polyisobutylene‐block‐polystyrene thermoplastic elastomers, macroscopic mechanical anisotropy is achieved, resulting in completely transparent and monotonically stretchable substrates devoid of vertical or depth distortion during deformation. Significantly, the unidirectional orientation of high‐modulus cylindrical nanostructures induces macroscopic mechanical anisotropy with a modulus ratio exceeding five times. While the Poisson's ratio of conventional elastic materials hovers around ≈0.5, this mechanical anisotropy minimizes vertical contraction, yielding a Poisson's ratio below 0.07. Moreover, owing to the negligible size of the nanocylinders compared to visible‐light wavelengths, the substrate can be monotonically uniaxially stretched while maintaining high transmittance without introducing distortions, surface undulations, or haziness, resulting in distortion‐free stretchable substrates.
Hg4InS2Cl5: Achieving Giant Optical Anisotropy by Introducing Well‐Aligned Linear [Hg2S2] Units
Authors: Ren Qixian , Chu Yu , Jin Wenqi , Chen Mengmeng , Cui Chen , Wu Yabo , Pan Shilie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOptical anisotropy, manifested as birefringence, plays an important role in the development of future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Designing optical materials with giant birefringence usually relies on the merit selection and arrangement of microscopic units. Anionic clusters with linear coordination geometries often exhibit larger polarizability anisotropy, making them recognized birefringence gain modules. Nonetheless, the rarity of linear units has hindered the advancement of research in this region. In this study, a new Hg‐based compound, Hg4InS2Cl5, containing a well‐aligned linear [Hg2S2] functional unit has been synthesized. It exhibits the largest experimental birefringence (0.35@546 nm) and the widest bandgap of 3.10 eV among Hg‐based thiohalides. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation shows that the [Hg2S2] unit has a substantial polarizability anisotropy (𝛿 = 188.05) among known Hg‐based anionic clusters, leading to a significant enhancement of birefringence along the direction of linear unit arrangement. This research highlights the potential of [Hg2S2] units in improving birefringence and provides insights for the future development of advanced infrared optical materials.
Computational Insights into the Stability, Mechanical, Optoelectronic, and Thermoelectric Characteristics Investigation on Lead‐Based Double Perovskites of (Cs2, K2, Rb2)PbCl6: Promising Candidates for Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Ghebouli M. A. , Bouferrache K. , Alanazi Faisal Katib , Ghebouli B. , Fatmi M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLead‐based double perovskites are studied in the cubic phase using the generalized gradient approximation and the modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ‐GGA) functionals as implemented in the Wien2K code. Goldschmidt tolerance factor and octahedral factor, formation enthalpy, and formation energy translate the structural, chemical, and thermodynamic stability of double perovskites studied. Phonon band structures and elastic moduli ensure the dynamic and mechanical stability of (Cs2, K2, Rb2)PbCl6. An intermediate band appears in the conduction band and the fundamental transition takes place between 3p‐Cl state and 6p‐Pb site. The refractive index of double perovskites (Cs2, K2, Rb2)PbCl6 in the visible and ultraviolet light hold a huge advantage for solar cell applications. The wide dielectric constant of double perovskites under study makes them capable for absorbing energy between 1 and 5 eV, and are suitable for solar power applications. (Cs2, K2, Rb2)PbCl6 have positive Seebeck coefficient, which reveals that p‐type charge carriers are dominant for enhancing their performance. Cs2PbCl6 has positive thermal conductivity for both n‐type and p‐type character. (K2, Rb2)PbCl6 have positive thermal conductivity for n‐type character. The complete analysis reveals that they are potentially significant candidates for future solar cells and energy harvesting devices.
Operando Evolution of a Hybrid Metallic Alloy Interphase for Reversible Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Liu Mingqiang , Yang Kai , Xie Qiming , Hu Nantao , Zhang Mingzheng , Chen Ruwei , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jichao , Shao Feng , He Hongzhen , Soni Roby , Guo Xiaoxia , Yang Jinlong , He Guanjie , Pan Feng , Yao Lu , Miller Thomas S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are widely acknowledged as viable future energy storage solutions, particularly for low‐cost stationary applications. However, the interfacial instability of zinc anodes represents a major challenge to the commercial potential of Zn‐ion systems, promoting an array of side reactions including spontaneous corrosion, hydrogen evolution, and dendrite growth that destabilize cell performance, lower Coulombic efficiency and ultimately lead to early cell failure. While other commercially relevant battery systems benefit from a spontaneously forming solid electrolyte interphase, no such layer forms in AZIBs. Herein, we have designed and engineered an operando evolved metallic alloy interphase for AZIBs. This interfacial layer is initially deposited in the form of a thin film of Ag and In, but develops in situ to become an intimate mix of an AgxZny alloy and metallic indium. Importantly, this dual‐heterometallic layer acts to synergistically regulate the migration of zinc ions through the alloy interphase and enables the dense and planar deposition of Zn, simultaneously overcoming all major drivers of Zn anode degradation. Symmetric and full cells containing this modified metallic zinc anode exhibit stable electrochemical performance, offering high‐capacity retention. Hence, this scalable approach represents a viable route towards the commercial utilization of this energy storage system.
Single‐Atom Catalysts on C3N4: Minimizing Single Atom Pt Loading for Maximized Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Efficiency
Authors: Lazaar Nawres , Wu Siming , Qin Shanshan , Hamrouni Abdessalem , Bikash Sarma Bidyut , Doronkin Dimitry E. , Denisov Nikita , Lachheb Hinda , Schmuki Patrik 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe use of metal single atoms (SAs) as co‐catalysts on semiconductors has emerged as a promising technology to enhance their photocatalytic hydrogen production performance. In this study, we describe the deposition of very low amounts of Pt SAs (<0.1 at %) on exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (C3N4) by a direct Pt−deposition approach from highly dilute chloroplatinic acid precursors. We find that − using this technique−a remarkably low loading of highly dispersed Pt SAs (0.03 wt %) on C3N4 is sufficient to achieve a drastic decrease in the overall charge transfer resistance and a maximized photocatalytic efficiency. The resulting low‐loaded Pt SAs/C3N4 provides a H2 production rate of 1.66 m mol/h/mg Pt, with a remarkable stability against agglomeration; even during prolonged photocatalytic reactions no sign of light‐induced Pt agglomerations can be observed. We ascribe the high performance and stability to the site‐selective, stable coordination of Pt within the C3N4 structure. Notably the H2 production rate of the low‐loaded Pt SAs surpasses the activity of Pt SAs deposited by other techniques or nanoparticles at comparable or even higher loading – the optimized Pt SAs decorated C3N4 show ≈5.9 times higher rate than Pt NP decorated C3N4.
A Scalable Pore‐space‐partitioned Metal‐organic Framework Powered by Polycatenation Strategy for Efficient Acetylene Purification
Authors: Guo Zhen‐Hua , Wu Xue‐Qian , Wu Ya‐Pan , Li Dong‐Sheng , Yang Guo‐Ping , Wang Yao‐Yu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEfficient separation of acetylene (C2H2) from carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethylene (C2H4) is a significant challenge in the petrochemical industry due to their similar physicochemical properties. Pore space partition (PSP) has shown promise in enhancing gas adsorption capacity and selectivity by reducing pore size and increasing the density of guest binding sites. Herein, we firstly employ the 2D→3D polycatenation strategy to construct a PSP metal‐organic framework (MOF) Ni‐dcpp‐bpy, incorporating functional N/O sites to enhance C2H2 purification. The polycatenated framework with optimized pore size and regularity, exhibiting significant improvements over traditional PSP MOFs by resolving the critical contradiction of balancing C2H2 uptake (98.5 cm3 g−1 at 298 K, 100 kPa) and selectivity of C2H2/CO2 (3.4), C2H2/C2H4 (5.9), and C2H2/CH4 (96.4) in a MOF. Breakthrough experiments confirm high‐purity C2H4 (>99.9 %) and high C2H2 productivity from binary and ternary mixtures. Notably, Ni‐dcpp‐bpy exhibits excellent water stability, scalability, and regenerability after 20 cycles for separating C2H2/CO2. Theoretical calculations verify that the strong binding of C2H2 is mainly attributed to the C−H⋅⋅⋅O/N interactions between host Ni‐dcpp‐bpy and guest C2H2 molecules. The polycatenation strategy not only improved industrial C2H2 purification efficiency but also enriched the design diversity of customized MOFs for other gas separation applications.
Synthesis and tribological properties of Guerbet alcohol from a mixture of C12–C14 fatty alcohol: Modeling using RSM, ANN
Authors: Patil Somesh , Sanap Prasad , Sonawane Deepak , Pratap Amit 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGuerbet alcohol (GA) is β‐branched primary alcohol having excellent physiochemical properties like lower pour point (PP) and higher kinematic viscosity (KV) in comparison to linear alcohol. Although synthesis of GA has been extensively studied to evaluate the role of various catalysts and effect of reaction conditions, statistical modeling and optimization of the synthesis process has not been reported. In the present work, the optimization of the synthesis of GA using a mixture of lauryl and myristyl alcohol was carried out with the aid of response surface methodology (RSM) considering the conversion of the reaction, PP and KV at 40 and 100°C as dependent variables. The optimal reaction conditions were temperature, pressure, and time of 220°C, 300 mbar, and 10 hours respectively. The optimum conversion was 99.14%, including dimer yield of 81.76%, PP of −3°C, KV at 40 and 100°C of 34.12 and 7.22 cSt, respectively. The results obtained by the RSM were then authenticated, applying artificial neural networks (ANN) generated with the help of MATLAB. The ability of the generated model to predict the response variables was validated by less than 5% error for almost all the models, confirming their statistical significance. Also, the tribological potential for linear Ginol‐12,14 (FA) and synthesized branched GA as lubricant additive was evaluated by determining its physiochemical, thermal and tribological properties.
Significantly Enhanced Interfacial Compatibility for Ultrahigh‐Damping Rubber Composites
Authors: Gao Wenke , Guo Liyun , Li Bingxiang , Liu Kai , Hua Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHigh‐damping rubber materials are essential for fabricating high‐performance green tires due to their distinct advantage of low noise and vibration, good auto‐braking, and service life. However, the poor interfacial compatibility between the common nonpolar tread rubber materials and polar polymers/fillers severely restricts the development of high‐damping rubber composites. Herein, we prepared a multi‐functionalization high vinyl polybutadiene rubber (MFHVBR) without gel formation by anionic reaction. This significantly enhanced the interaction and compatibility with the high‐damping ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) rubber. The interfacial potential energy of the MFHVBR/EVA blended system is nearly five times lower than that of the high vinyl polybutadiene rubber (HVBR) and EVA blended system, as certified by the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. At an optimized MFHVBR/EVA weight ratio of 8:2, the composites demonstrate significantly improved damping performance without sacrificing the vulcanization rates and mechanical properties. The effective damping temperature range (tanδ > 0.3) from −11.1°C to 56.7°C totally covered the service temperature of tires and is also among the highest values for the reported tread rubber materials. The interfacial potential energy used for predicting the interfacial compatibility between the nonpolar rubbers and polar polymers/fillers provides insights for realizing high‐damping rubber composites.