bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Neonatal Caffeine Administration on Vessel Reactivity in Adult Mice
Authors: Singh Ajay Pratap , Chandrasekharan Praveen , Gugino Sylvia , Berkelhamer Sara , Wang Huamei , Nielsen Lori , Kumar Vasantha H. S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective The effects of neonatal caffeine therapy in adults born preterm are uncertain. We studied the impact of neonatal caffeine on systemic blood pressure, vessel reactivity, and response to stress in adult mice.
Study Design Mice pups were randomized to caffeine (20 mg/kg/d) or saline by intraperitoneal injection for 10 days after birth. We performed tail-cuff BP (8/12 weeks), urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and fecal corticosterone (14 weeks), and vessel reactivity in aortic rings (16 weeks) in adult mice.
Results No differences were noted in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures between the two groups at 8 and 12 weeks of age. However, norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction was substantially higher in aortic rings in CAF-treated male mice. More significant vasodilator responses to nitric oxide donors in aortic rings in female mice may suggest gender-specific effects of caffeine. Female mice exposed to caffeine had significantly lower body weight over-time. Caffeine-treated male mice had substantially higher fecal corticosterone and urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine at 14 weeks, suggestive of chronic stress.
Conclusion We conclude sex-specific vulnerability to the heightened vascular tone of the aorta in male mice following neonatal caffeine therapy. Altered vessel reactivity and chronic stress in the presence of other risk factors may predispose to the development of systemic hypertension in adults born preterm.
Survival, Morbidities, and Developmental Outcomes among Low Birth Weight Infants with Congenital Heart Defects
Authors: Puia-Dumitrescu Mihai , Sullivan Laura N. , Tanaka David , Fisher Kimberley , Pittman Rick , Kumar Karan R. , Malcolm William F. , Gustafson Kathryn E. , Lodge Andrew J. , Goldberg Ronald N. , Hornik Christoph P. 
Published: June 2020

Objective Prematurity and low birth weight (LBW) are risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality in infants with congenital heart defects (CHDs). We sought to describe survival, inhospital morbidities, and 2-year neurodevelopmental follow-up in LBW infants with CHD.
Study Design We included infants with birth weight (BW) <2,500 g diagnosed with CHD (except isolated patent ductus arteriosus) admitted January 2013 to March 2016 to a single level-IV academic neonatal intensive care unit. We reported CHD prevalence by BW and gestational age; selected in-hospital morbidities and mortality by infant BW, CHD type, and surgical intervention; and developmental outcomes by Bayley's scales of infant and toddler development, third edition (BSID-III) scores at age 2 years.
Results Among 420 infants with CHD, 28 (7%) underwent cardiac surgery. Median (25th and 75th percentiles) gestational age was 30 (range: 27–33) weeks and BW was 1,258 (range: 870–1,853) g. There were 134 of 420 (32%) extremely LBW (<1,000 g) infants, 82 of 420 (20%) were small for gestational age, and 51 of 420 (12%) multiples. Most common diagnosis: atrial septal defect (260/420, 62%), followed by congenital anomaly of the pulmonary valve (75/420, 18%). Most common surgical procedure: pulmonary artery banding (5/28, 18%), followed by the tetralogy of Fallot corrective repair (4/28, 14%). Survival to discharge was 88% overall and lower among extremely LBW (<1,000 g, 81%) infants and infants undergoing surgery (79%). Comorbidities were common (35%); retinopathy of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were most prevalent. BSID-III scores were available on 148 of 176 (84%); any scores <85 were noted in 73 of 148 (49%), with language being most commonly affected.
Conclusion Among LBW infants with congenital heart disease, hospital mortality varied by BW and cardiac diagnosis.
Key Points
Effect of Vasopressin on Systemic and Pulmonary Hemodynamics in Neonates
Authors: Budniok Thomas , ElSayed Yasser , Louis Deepak 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective Despite its increasing use in neonates, the literature on the use of vasopressin (VP) in neonates is limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the systemic and pulmonary effects of VP in neonates and to assess its safety among them.
Study Design This retrospective study enrolled all neonates in two level III neonatal intensive care units in Winnipeg, Manitoba, who had received VP therapy between 2011 and 2016. Infants with congenital malformations/chromosomal disorders were excluded. The changes in cardiovascular and pulmonary parameters were collected from patient charts. The primary outcome was the mean blood pressure (MBP) post-VP initiation. Secondary outcomes included systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), vasoactive inotropic score (VIS), pH, urine output, lactate, base deficit (BD), mean airway pressure (MAP), and oxygen requirement.
Results A total of 33 episodes from 26 neonates were analyzed. The postnatal age at VP initiation was 14 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 4–25), and the median starting dose was 0.3 mU/kg/min (IQR: 0.2–0.5). MBP improved significantly after VP initiation from 28 to 39 mm Hg 24 hours after VP initiation (p < 0.001). Similar changes are observed with SBP and DBP. VIS declined from 15 to 6 at 24 hours, while pH, lactate, BD, and oxygen requirement improved significantly. While urine output marginally improved, there were no changes to MAP 24 hours post-VP initiation. Hyponatremia was observed in 21 episodes (64%) and severe hyponatremia in 7 episodes (33%).
Conclusion VP appears to be a promising rescue therapy in catecholamine resistant shock or refractory pulmonary hypertension in neonates.
Spectral features of colloidal solutions of elongated gold nanoparticles produced by laser ablation in aqueous solutions
Authors: Zhil’nikova M.I. , Shafeev G.A. , Barmina E.V. , Kalachev Yu.L. , Uvarov O.V. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The extinction spectra of colloidal solutions of gold nanoparticles produced by laser ablation in water and aqueous solutions of salts using two near-IR lasers with pulse durations of 200 ns and 1 ps are experimentally investigated. The extinction spectrum of the particles formed by ablation in aqueous solutions is characterised by enhanced optical density in the red and IR regions. This feature is due to the formation of elongated gold nanoparticles, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The surface images of a gold target subjected to multipulse laser ablation exhibit micron and submicron structures.
Soft X-ray and EUV emission spectra of beryllium plasma produced by neodymium-glass laser radiation with broad frequency and angular spectra
Authors: Sahakyan A.T. , Andreev S.N. , Kologrivov A.A. , Kondratenko T.T. , Puzyrev V.N. , Starodub A.N. , Tolstikhina I.Yu. , Fronya A.A. , Yakushev O.F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present the results of an experimental study of soft X-ray (SXR) and extreme ultraviolet emission spectra of the plasma produced by exposing a plane solid beryllium target to laser radiation with broad frequency and angular spectra. SXR lines up to 1s – 9p of Be IV as well as the plasma continuum are recorded for a laser focal-spot intensity of 5.3 × 1013 W cm−2. To model the SXR beryllium plasma spectra, simulations are carried out using the INDHAUS programme and the FLYCHK code in the framework of local thermodynamic equilibrium model, which agree nicely with experimentally obtained results.
Control of atomic Bose – Einstein condensate with interferometric feedback probing
Authors: Tomilin V.A. , Il’ichov L.V. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We consider the problem of decoherence in a Bose – Einstein condensate (BEC) of noninteracting atoms during interferometric probing with a classical monochromatic external field. The condensate is located in one of the arms of the Mach – Zehnder interferometer, while part of the radiation from the interferometer output is fed back to the input, thereby closing the coherent feedback loop. A more general setting of the problem is also considered, in which the condensate is located in a system of interferometers ‘nested’ into each other, while part of the output radiation of each of them is also fed back to its input, closing the so-called multiloop feedback. The possibility of effective control of decoherence rates of various matrix elements is shown. The application of feedback of the proposed type to BEC in a double-well potential is investigated. It is found that this feedback allows efficient control of the distribution of atoms between the wells.
Trapping and detection of single rubidium atoms in an optical dipole trap using a long-focus objective lens
Authors: Beterov I.I. , Yakshina E.A. , Tretyakov D.B. , Entin V.M. , Singh U. , Kudlaev Ya.V. , Mityanin K.Yu. , Panov K.A. , Al’yanova N.V. , Ryabtsev I.I. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The trapping of single atoms in optical dipole traps is widely used in experiments on the implementation of quantum processors based on neutral atoms, and studying interatomic interactions. Typically, such experiments employ lenses with a large numerical aperture (NA > 0.5), highly sensitive EMCCD cameras, or photon counters. In this work, we demonstrate trapping and detection of single rubidium atoms using a long-focus objective lens with a numerical aperture NA = 0.172 and a FLir Tau CNV sCMOS camera.
Resonances of electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption in a light field of elliptically polarised waves
Authors: Kovalenko D.V. , Basalaev M.Yu. , Yudin V.I. , Taichenachev A.V. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) resonances excited by a strong two-frequency field are considered for various values of the total angular momenta of the ground (F
g) and excited (F
e) states at a degenerated optical closed transition F
g → F
e. The light field is formed by two co-propagating waves with arbitrary elliptical polarisations. The process of spontaneous transfer of anisotropy from the excited state to the ground state is shown to determine the formation of the EIA resonance at the transition F
g = F → F
e = F + 1. The results obtained generalise the classification of transitions into ‘bright’ (F
g = F → F
e = F + 1) and ‘dark’ (F
g = F → F
e = F and F
g = F → F
e = F – 1) transitions with respect to the direction of a subnatural resonance.
Midgap radiative centers in carbon-enriched hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Koperski Maciej , Vaclavkova Diana , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Novoselov Kostya S. , Potemski Marek 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Well‐defined defect centers play a crucial role in condensed-matter physics. That is particularly evident in the case of semiconductors and wide‐gap insulators, where midgap levels provide a number of versatile functionalities: from lasing to pressure sensing. Individual defects may become single-photon sources—crucial for applications in quantum technology. Recently, such defects have been observed in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). Here, a method to fabricate stable and reproducible defects in hBN is introduced. Large bandgap of boron nitride allows the use of such defects in many quantum applications. Fabrication and characterization of such defects in hBN, which has become a relevant, emerging, wide-bandgap 2D material, is an important step toward novel functionalities of van der Waals heterostructures.
Final report, on-going key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with EAA, September 2019
Authors: Viallon Joële , Idrees Faraz , Moussay Philippe , Wielgosz Robert , Wolf Andreas 
Published: June 2020

As part of the ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, a comparison has been performed between the ozone standard of Austria maintained by the Environment Agency Austria (EAA) and the common reference standard of the key comparison, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The instruments have been compared over a nominal ozone amount-of-substance fraction range from 0 nmol/mol to 500 nmol/mol.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
On the solution of direct and inverse multiple scattering problems for mixed sound-soft, sound-hard and penetrable objects
Authors: Rapún M–L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this work we consider a scattering problem governed by the two-dimensional Helmholtz equation, where some objects of different nature (sound-hard, sound-soft and penetrable) are present in the background medium. First we propose and analyze a system of boundary integral equations to solve the direct problem. After that, we propose a numerical method based on the computation of a multifrequency topological energy based imaging functional to find the shape of the objects (without knowing their nature) from measurements of the total field at a set of observation points. Numerical examples show that the proposed indicator function is able to detect objects of different nature and/or shape and size when processing noisy data for a rich enough range of frequencies.
Nanophotonic quantum network node with neutral atoms and an integrated telecom interface
Authors: Menon Shankar G , Singh Kevin , Borregaard Johannes , Bernien Hannes 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The realization of a long-distance, distributed quantum network based on quantum memory nodes that are linked by photonic channels remains an outstanding challenge. We propose a quantum network node based on neutral alkali atoms coupled to nanophotonic crystal cavities that combines a long-lived memory qubit with a photonic interface at the telecom range, thereby enabling the long-distance distribution of entanglement over low loss optical fibers. We present a novel protocol for the generation of an atom–photon entangled state which uses telecom transitions between excited states of the alkali atoms. We analyze the realistic implementation of this protocol using rubidium and cesium atoms taking into account the full atomic level structure and properties of the nanophotonic crystal cavity. We find that a high fidelity entangled state can be generated with current technologies.
Use of radar data for characterizing extreme precipitation at fine scales and short durations
Authors: Lengfeld Katharina , Kirstetter Pierre-Emmanuel , Fowler Hayley J , Yu Jingjing , Becker Andreas , Flamig Zachary , Gourley Jonathan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Extreme precipitation is one of the most devastating forms of atmospheric phenomenon, causing severe damage worldwide, and is likely to intensify in strength and occurrence in a warming climate. This contribution gives an overview of the potential and challenges associated with using weather radar data to investigate extreme precipitation. We illustrate this by presenting radar data sets for Germany, the U.S. and the UK that resolve small-scale heavy rainfall events of just a few km2 with return periods of 5 years or more. Current challenges such as relatively short radar records and radar-based QPE uncertainty are discussed. An example from a precipitation climatology derived from the German weather radar network with spatial resolution of 1 km reveals the necessity of radars for observing short-term (1–6 h) extreme precipitation. Only 17.3% of hourly heavy precipitation events that occurred in Germany from 2001 to 2018 were captured by the rain gauge station network, while 81.8% of daily events were observed. This is underlined by a similar study using data from the UK radar network for 2014. Only 36.6% (52%) of heavy hourly (daily) rain events detected by the radar network were also captured by precipitation gauging stations. Implications for the monitoring of hydrologic extremes are demonstrated over the U.S. with a continental-scale radar-based reanalysis. Hydrologic extremes are documented over ∼1000 times more locations than stream gauges, including in the majority of ungauged basins. This underlines the importance of high-resolution weather radar observations for resolving small-scale rainfall events, and the necessity of radar-based climatological data sets for understanding the small-scale and high-temporal resolution characteristics of extreme precipitation.
Research on observation method of along the contour of China coastline based on CASEarth Satellite
Authors: Zhaojun Hu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Facing the rugged complicated coastline in china, three ways including data smoothing algorithm based on Third-Order Bezier Curve, High-order Bezier curve fitting algorithm and curve fitting algorithm based on least squares method are used to generate a smooth contour of coastline by analysing coordinate of coastal city. In the meanwhile, setting a series of leading point that meet the constraints of performance of CASEarth satellite to guide the satellite’s centre of view to move along the contour, and giving best solution among the three methods by the comparison.
Explosion force and shape fitting based modelling of dynamic virtual crater deformation
Authors: Shao Xiaoyao , Xu Bingli , Niu Shulai , Jin Tao , Wang Shaoqin , Guo Congjie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe dynamic deformation of virtual terrain is an important research content to improve the dynamic adaptability of virtual geographic environment, which can support the research of disaster simulation, combat simulation and so on. It is also a novel method to support human-environment interaction research in the community of geographic information science. In this paper, the dynamic generation of bomb crater is taken as an example to study the construction method of virtual terrain deformation model. Starting from the formation process of crater in explosive mechanics, the deformation model is coupled with the calculation method to control the radius and depth of crater shape. Through the method of geometric fitting, the shape of crater is modeled in different regions and the basic crater model is established. On the basis of the basic model, the incidence angle of projectile is introduced to build the relationship model between crater deformation and incidence angle of projectile. Based on the Digital Terrain Model (DTM), the terrain data model is improved by coupling the radius coefficient and depth coefficient related to the geological characteristics, and the crater shape algorithm reflecting the geological characteristics is proposed. Finally, the Perlin noise is added to realize the disturbance of the elevation value of each position point in the crater zone. The simulation environment of crater deformation is established by Unity, and the crater model is simulated and verified. The results show that the crater model can basically reflect the impact of different projectile incidence angle, explosion equivalent and geological characteristics. The deformation state of crater is similar to the actual situation. The research results can provide support for the simulation of the dynamic process of the crater produced by the projectile touch-down explosion in the virtual battlefield environment.
Potentials of UAV Remote Sensing Data Carrier – A Case of Application in UAV Low Altitude Route—planning
Authors: Liao Xiaohan , Ye Huping , Xu Chenchen , Tan Junming , Yue Huanyin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are commonly applied for low-altitude remote sensing, and their effective flights generate a large amount of remote sensing data in centimeter-level resolution every day. UAV remote sensing has become an important new source for generating geographic big data. However, UAV remote sensing data is multi-source heterogeneous and disordered in management. To scientifically manage and maximize the utilization of UAV remote sensing data, the “UAV remote sensing data carrier” has been proposed. It features distribution of remote sensing tasks and exchange of rich datasets for various UAVs owned by individuals or organizations and thus has great application potential in low altitude with complex artificial and natural environments. The UAV low-altitude public air route is a commonly recognized solution to enable safe flights of UAVs in low altitude, which requires a variety of precise geographic data. Therefore, the UAV remote sensing data carrier can contribute to the construction of low-altitude public air routes. It can realize the three-dimensional geospatial data acquisition and dynamic information updates on routes, the service to route construction in various industries, and the support of real-time optimal path selection. Construction of low-altitude public air routes based on the carrier have already been applied in the UAV cloud regulation system “SkyGrid”, which is currently inadequately studied. Besides route construction, the carrier has great potential for further development of low-altitude airspace resources and reasonable use applications.
Design and implementation of planting information service system based on GIS
Authors: Jia Hu , Zhenyu Zhao , Qiulan Wu , Feng Zhang , Zhenyu Si , Cuihong Lu , Xia Geng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The information service of planting features various service content; scattered and isolated information; diversity of data source and format, as well as high cost of system operation. Since agricultural production decision-making and management have diversified demands on scientific and technological service, a GIS-based planting information service system was designed and developed. This system integrates the geographic information data and planting service thematic data, which is based on multi-source heterogeneous data integration, GIS spatial analysis, responsive framework and other technologies. Through various terminals such as computers and mobile phones, the system provides land circulation information inquiry, soil fertility analysis, crop variety selection, production materials purchase, agricultural technology guidance, labor employment recruitment, agricultural product sales and other comprehensive information services of the whole planting life cycle. It guides farmers to plant rationally, and helps farmers resolve the issues relating to information islands and the information shortage problem in production and life by “one-stop”, and increase the famers’ income. It can also provide decision-making gist for agricultural administrative departments to adjust planting structure, optimize the rural industrial layout and related policy formulation. Through demonstration in Zhucheng, a new model for serving “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” with surveying and mapping geographic information has been formed in terms of resource integration, geospatial data services, and service information access.