bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Strain of the Trilobed Transposition Flap in Artificial Skin Models: Pivotal Restraint Decreases With Decreasing Rotational Angles
Authors: Gibbons Mitchell S. , Gruber Paul J. , Syed Sana , Sell Scott A. , Carroll Chris J. , Maher Ian A. 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND
In transposition flaps, thicker tissue and higher degrees of rotation are associated with increased pivotal restraint; however, limited experimental data exist quantifying the degree to which these affect flap biomechanics. The use of artificial skin models in conjunction with digital image correlation technology allows for investigation into biomechanical properties of skin flaps.

OBJECTIVE
To quantify the effects of tissue thickness and rotational angles on pivotal restraint within transposition flaps using artificial skin models.

METHODS
Ninety degree bilobed and trilobed flaps were used to close defects in artificial skin models of increasing thicknesses. Digital image correlation was used to quantify strain. Quantitative and qualitative differences in strain were assessed in increasing flap thicknesses and between flap designs.

RESULTS
Increasing flap thickness was associated with decreasing strain. In the bilobed flap, increasing thickness was associated with displacement of the flap pivot point away from the distal flap edge. Comparatively, lower angles of rotation in the trilobed flap were not associated with migration of the flap pivot point.

CONCLUSION
Increased pivotal restraint observed in higher degrees of rotation is due to migration of the flap pivot point. This model supports the common practice of decreasing flap angles to compensate for pivotal restraint.
Case Series of Stickler Syndrome Presenting With Acute Angle Closure
Authors: Walters Alexander , Lambert Nathan , Bricel Seth , Hwang Thomas , Ing Eliesa , Tehrani Shandiz 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
Stickler syndrome is associated with open-angle glaucoma, but no reports exist of adults presenting with acute angle closure. Here, we report the clinical associations and short-term outcomes in 2 patients with Stickler syndrome who presented with acute angle closure at a single tertiary referral center.

Observations:
A 36-year-old female with Stickler syndrome presented with acute onset of red and painful left eye with cloudy vision. Initial intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured to be 54 mm Hg. Gonioscopy revealed no angle structures or peripheral anterior synechiae in the left eye. Two laser peripheral iridotomies were created 5 days apart without adequate IOP lowering. Left eye cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation and Ahmed glaucoma drainage device implantation were performed with resolution of ocular hypertension.
A 35-year-old male with Stickler syndrome presented with intermittent right eye pain and blurry vision. IOP was 42 mm Hg and gonioscopy revealed 270 degrees of angle closure in the right eye. The patient underwent laser peripheral iridotomy in the right eye with resolution of ocular hypertension by the next day.

Conclusions:
Recognizing angle closure as a potential feature of Stickler syndrome can help providers adequately screen and manage patients with Stickler syndrome presenting with acutely elevated IOP.
Health Professionals' Perspectives on the Efficacy of Using Comprehensive Care to Improve Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Injury
Authors: LU Hsing-Ju , HUANG Hsiu-Mei , HSIAO Tsai-Yun , HUNG Chang-Chiao , LIN Wei-Ting , LEE Bih-O 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Barriers related to comprehensive posttrauma care and health outcome monitoring exist. The insights and perspectives of health professionals on this issue may help integrate care experiences to provide continuous care to patients with traumatic injury.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of health professionals with regard to comprehensive care to improve the outcomes of patients with traumatic injury.

Methods
Data were collected at two teaching hospitals in Taiwan. In total, 28 health professionals across various disciplines were interviewed in five focus groups.

Results
Six themes were delineated, including “wound care is a primary concern for patients,” “ineffective health education during the hospital stay,” “patients and families worry about postinjury conditions,” “current continuity of care is not effective,” “lack of standards for discharge planning,” and “incorporation of interdisciplinary care to improve patient outcomes.”

Conclusions
The experiences of health professionals are useful to the establishment of a foundation for trauma case management and interdisciplinary care for hospitals.
Novel Strategies for Predicting Healthcare-Associated Infections at Admission
Authors: Zachariah Philip , Sanabria Elioth , Liu Jianfang , Cohen Bevin , Yao David , Larson Elaine 
Published: June 2020

Background
Accurate, real-time models to predict hospital adverse events could facilitate timely and targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes. Advances in computing enable the use of supervised machine learning (SML) techniques to predict hospital-onset infections.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to trial SML methods to predict urinary tract infections (UTIs) during inpatient hospitalization at the time of admission.

Methods
In a large cohort of adult hospitalizations in three New York City acute care facilities (N = 897,344), we used two SML methods—neural networks and decision trees—to predict having a hospital-onset UTI using data available and accessible on the first day of admission at healthcare facilities in the United States.

Results
Performance for both neural network and decision tree models were superior compared to logistic regression methods. The decision tree model had a higher sensitivity compared to neural network, but a lower specificity.

Discussion
SML methods show potential for automated accurate UTI risk stratification using electronic data routinely available at admission; this could relieve nurses from the burden of having to complete and document additional risk assessment forms in the electronic medical record. Future studies should pilot and test interventions linked to the risk stratification results, such as short nursing educational modules or alerts triggered for high-risk patients.
Evaluation of Antegonial Angle and Antegonial Depth to Estimate Sex in a Prepubertal Turkish Population
Authors: Apaydin Burak Kerem , Ozbey Hilal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to measure the antegonial angle (AGA) and antegonial depth (AGD) on panoramic radiographs in a Turkish subpopulation and to determine how those measurements relate to sex before puberty. A total of 600 patients were divided into 3 age groups (5, 6, or 7 years), and each group consists of 100 boys and 100 girls. For each patient, AGA and AGD indices in panoramic radiograph were measured by an oral radiologist and pediatric dentist. To our knowledge, this is the first study measuring AGA and AGD parameters on prepubertal subjects and identifying sex differences in these parameters. The data were analyzed by independent t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation analysis, and intraclass correlation coefficient for interobserver compliance using the SPSS software program. In all age groups, a statistically significant difference was found between the prepubertal boys and girls in both AGA and AGD parameters (P < 0.05). Our findings support the conclusion that, in addition to adults, AGA and AGD indices can be used to determine the sex of prepubertal Turkish children. These parameters can be used to determine the sex in forensic investigations of victims in whose age or pubertal condition are not known.
Association of Lung Function With HIV-Related Quality of Life and Health Care Utilization in a High-Risk Cohort
Authors: Raju Sarath , McCormack Meredith C. , Drummond Michael Bradley , Ramamurthi Hema C. , Merlo Christian A. , Wise Robert A. , Mehta Shruti H. , Brown Robert H. , Kirk Gregory D. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Chronic respiratory disease represents an important comorbidity for persons living with HIV (PLWH). HIV itself is associated with greater impairment in lung function. We aimed to determine the association between declining lung function and both quality of life (QOL) and health care utilization for PLWH.

Methods:
Using longitudinal data from the Study of HIV Infection in the Etiology of Lung Disease 2009–2017, we studied the association between changes in lung function and both QOL and acute care events (emergency department visit or hospitalization). The Medical Outcomes Studies-HIV Questionnaire provided QOL domains. Multivariable regression models were performed with generalized estimating equations accounting for 1499 participants, 485 with HIV, contributing 10,825 spirometry visits.

Results:
Among PLWH, decreased FEV1 was associated with worse physical health for those with higher viral load [β: −1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.11 to −0.39] compared to those with viral suppression (β: −0.58, 95% CI: −1.06 to −0.162), even in those without airflow obstruction. Lower FEV1 was also associated with increased odds of both emergency department (odds ratio: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.34) and inpatient (odds ratio: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.42) hospitalizations for PLWH. Lung function was not associated with increased odds of acute care events for HIV-uninfected participants.

Conclusions:
FEV1 declines represent an independent predictor of QOL and acute care events among PLWH. Although the generalizability of these results may be limited, because of the high-risk population included, findings suggest that care for PLWH should involve monitoring FEV1 over time, especially in those with poor virologic control, with emphasis on the development and implementation of interventions to mitigate lung function decline.
Nasal Cracking Leading to Septal Hematoma
Authors: Ali Aleeza , Gerth David , Thaller Seth Ray 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nasal cracking is the habit of applying pressure to one's nose until hearing a popping noise or feeling a release of pressure. Clinicians are mostly unaware of it as it is a lesser known habit that has been popularized on social media. Most often it is harmless, however sometimes it can lead to adverse consequences such as pain, bruising, bleeding, and/or breathing problems. In this case study, a patient is evaluated and treated for nasal cracking that led to a septal hematoma.
Beare-Stevenson Syndrome With Blepharoptosis as a Complication of Front-Orbital Advancement and Remodeling
Authors: Platt Alexander , Budden Curtis , Badilla Jaime , Pollock Natashka , Louie Gorman , Mehta Vivek 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Beare-Stevenson syndrome (BSS) is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by a broad range of congenital malformations including craniosynostosis, cutis gyrata, facial deformities, and abnormal genitalia. The authors report a case of a 7 month old female who developed a mechanical ptosis secondary to dermatochalasis as a complication of fronto-orbital advancement and remodeling (FOAR) surgery which subsequently required multiple lid surgeries to reverse ptosis. This is the first report of blepharoptosis correction in a child with BSS as a complication of FOAR.
Delayed Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage After Posterior Fossa Acoustic Neuroma Surgery
Authors: Abuzayed Bashar , Alawneh Khaled , Qawasmeh Majdi Al , Abdalla Khalid , Al-Ali Mai , Raffee Liqaa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A 72-year-old female patient was complaining from gradual loss of hearing in the left ear, left facial palsy with gait imbalance. Neuroimaging showed left cerebellopontine angle extra-axial mass and was diagnosed as acoustic neuroma. She was operated with left retromastoid suboccipital and gross total excision of the tumor was achieved. Early postoperative period was uneventful and brain computed tomographic (CT) scan in the postoperative day 1 showed gross total resection of the tumor without complications, and patient was discharged at the postoperative day 4. In the postoperative day 7, the patient showed decrease level of consciousness and brain CT scan showed a small hematoma in the anterior part of the left temporal lobe, which was evolved to large intraparanchymal hemorrhage with midline shift in postoperative day 9.
Vertical Distraction for the Treatment of Congenital Syngnathia
Authors: Zhu Wansheng , Choi Katherine J. , Wolfswinkel Erik M. , Goel Pedram , Hammoudeh Jeffrey 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Congenital syngnathia is a very rare condition that presents with several unique challenges. There is no consensus on the best operative approach to manage this condition. Readhesion of surgically separated tissues is a relatively common occurrence. The authors propose that the use of a vertical distraction technique helps maintain adequate separation to prevent relapse of the bony fusion. Long-term follow-up will be required to follow mandibular growth and implications of this treatment option.
Endoscopic Forehead Approach for Minimally Invasive Frontal Osteoma Excision
Authors: Raponi Ingrid , Giovannetti Filippo , Cacciatore Federica , Di Carlo Daniele , Valentini Valentino 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Benign osseous tumors of the frontal bone can be treated with endoscopic surgery, minimizing postoperative complications associated with the coronal approach and guaranteeing more functional and aesthetic results. The authors describe a case of a patient who had endoscopic removal of osteoma of the forehead using two 1 cm incisions behind the hairline. No complications such as hematoma and edema were detected. Endoscopic technique offered both good illumination and excellent magnification; it permitted safe anatomic dissection, minimum bleeding, avoiding visible scars. The outcome achieved with endoscopic technique could be the first-line surgical treatment of benign bone tumors of the frontal area, offering more advantages and better results than the conventional surgical approaches.
SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-like pathological damage and constitutes an antiviral target
Authors: Xia Bingqing , Shen Xurui , He Yang , Pan Xiaoyan , Wang Yi , Yang Feipu , Fang Sui , Wu Yan , Zuo Xiaoli , Xie Zhuqing , Jiang Xiangrui , Chi Hao , Meng Qian , Zhou Hu , Zhou Yubo , Cheng Xi , Chen Tong , Xin Xiaoming , Jiang Hualiang , Xiao Gengfu , Zhao Qiang , Zhang Lei-Ke , Shen Jingshan , Li Jia , Gao Zhaobing 
Published: June 2020

SummaryCytokine storm and multi-organ failure are the main causes of SARS-CoV-2-related death. However, the origin of the virus’ excessively damaging abilities remains unknown. Here we show that the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (2-E) protein alone is sufficient to cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-like damagein vitroandin vivo. Overexpression of 2-E protein induced rapid pyroptosis-like cell death in various susceptible cells and robust secretion of cytokines and chemokines in macrophages. Intravenous administration of purified 2-E protein into mice caused ARDS-like pathological damage in lung and spleen. Overexpressed 2-E protein formed cation channels in host cell membranes, eventually leading to membrane rupture. Newly identified channel inhibitors exhibited potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and excellent protective effects against the 2-E-induced damage bothin vitroandin vivo. Importantly, their channel inhibition, cell protection and antiviral activities were positively correlated with each other, supporting 2-E is a promising drug target against SARS-CoV-2.
Development and validation of a six-RNA binding proteins prognostic signature and candidate drugs for prostate cancer
Authors: Gao Lei , Meng Jialin , Zhang Yong , Gu Junfei , Han Zhenwei , Gao Shenglin , Wang Xiaolu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe dysregulation of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) play critical roles in the progression of several cancers. However, the overall functions of RBPs in prostate cancer (PCa) remain poorly understood. Therefore, we first identified 144 differentially expressed RBPs in tumors compared to normal tissues based on the TCGA dataset. Next, six RBP genes (MSI1, MBNL2, LENG9, REXO2, RNASE1, PABPC1L) were screened out as prognosis hub genes by univariate, LASSO and multivariate Cox regression and used to establish the prognostic signature. Further analysis indicated that high risk group was significantly associated with poor RFS, which was validated in the MSKCC cohort. Besides, patients in high risk group was closely associated with dysregulation of DNA damage repair pathway, copy number alteration, tumor burden mutation and low-respond to cisplatin (P < 0.001), bicalutamide (P < 0.001). Finally, three drugs (ribavirin, carmustine, carbenoxolone) were predicted using Connectivity Map. In summary, we identified a six-RBP gene signature and three candidate drugs against PCa, which may promote the individualized treatment and further improve the life quality of PCa patients.
Osmia lignaria(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) produce larger and heavier blueberries than honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Fortuin Christine Cairns , Gandhi Kamal JK 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFruit set, berry size, and berry weight were assessed for pollination by the solitary beeOsmia lignaria(Say) in caged rabbiteye blueberries (Vaccinium asheiReade, Ericales : Ericaceae), and compared to that of uncaged rabbiteye blueberries which were pollinated largely by honey bees (Apis melliferaL).O. linariaproduced berries that were 1.6mm larger in diameter and 0.45g heavier than uncaged blueberries. Fruit set was 40% higher in uncaged blueberries. This suggests thatOsmiabees can produce larger and heavier berry fruit, butO. lignariamay be less efficient at blueberry pollination as compared toA. melliferaunder field cage conditions.
Integrating single-cell RNA-seq and imaging with SCOPE-seq2
Authors: Liu Zhouzerui , Yuan Jinzhou , Lasorella Anna , Iavarone Antonio , Bruce Jeffrey N. , Canoll Peter , Sims Peter A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLive cell imaging allows direct observation and monitoring of phenotypes that are difficult to infer from transcriptomics. However, existing methods for linking microscopy and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) have limited scalability. Here, we describe an upgraded version of Single Cell Optical Phenotyping and Expression (SCOPE-seq2) for combining single-cell imaging and expression profiling, with substantial improvements in throughput, molecular capture efficiency, linking accuracy, and compatibility with standard microscopy instrumentation. We introduce improved optically decodable mRNA capture beads and implement a more scalable and simplified optical decoding process. We demonstrate the utility of SCOPE-seq2 for fluorescence, morphological, and expression profiling of individual primary cells from a human glioblastoma (GBM) surgical sample, revealing relationships between simple imaging features and cellular identity, particularly among malignantly transformed tumor cells.
Linking the dynamics of chromatin occupancy and transcription with predictive models
Authors: Tran Trung Q. , MacAlpine Heather K. , Tripuraneni Vinay , Mitra Sneha , MacAlpine David M. , Hartemink Alexander J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThough the sequence of the genome within each eukaryotic cell is essentially fixed, it exists within a complex and changing chromatin state. This state is determined, in part, by the dynamic binding of proteins to the DNA. These proteins—including histones, transcription factors (TFs), and polymerases—interact with one another, the genome, and other molecules to allow the chromatin to adopt one of exceedingly many possible configurations. Understanding how changing chromatin configurations associate with transcription remains a fundamental research problem. We sought to characterize at high spatiotemporal resolution the dynamic interplay between transcription and chromatin in response to cadmium stress. While gene regulatory responses to environmental stress in yeast have been studied, how the chromatin state changes and how those changes connect to gene regulation remain unexplored. By combining MNase-seq and RNA-seq data, we found chromatin signatures of transcriptional activation and repression involving both nucleosomal and TF-sized DNA-binding factors. Using these signatures, we identified associations between chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation, not only for known cadmium response genes, but across the entire genome, including antisense transcripts. Those associations allowed us to develop generalizable models that can predict dynamic transcriptional responses on the basis of dynamic chromatin signatures.
Size-dependent protein segregation creates a spatial switch for Notch signaling and function
Authors: Kwak Minsuk , Southard Kaden M. , Kim Woon Ryoung , Kim Nam Hyeong , Gopalappa Ramu , An Minji , Lee Hyun Jung , Kang Min K. , Choi Seo Hyun , Farlow Justin , Georgakopoulos Anastasios , Robakis Nikolaos K. , Kutys Matthew L. , Seo Daeha , Kim Hyeong Bum , Kim Yong Ho , Cheon Jinwoo , Gartner Zev J. , Jun Young-wook 
Published: June 2020

Aberrant cleavage of Notch by γ-secretase is implicated in numerous diseases, but how cleavage is regulated in space and time is unclear. Here, we report that cadherin-based adherens junctions (cadAJs) are sites of high cell-surface γ-secretase activity, as well as sites of constrained physical space that excludes γ-secretase substrates having large extracellular domains (ECDs) like Notch. ECD shedding initiates drastic spatial relocalization of Notch to cadAJs, allowing enzyme-substrate interactions and downstream signaling. Spatial mutations by adjusting the ECD size or the physical constraint alter signaling. Dysregulation of this spatial switch promotes precocious differentiation of ventricular zone neural progenitor cells in vivo. We show the generality of this spatial switch for amyloid precursor protein proteolysis. Thus, cadAJs create spatially distinct biochemical compartments regulating cleavage events involving γ-secretase and preventing aberrant activation of receptors.One Sentence SummaryNotch cleavage by γ-secretase is regulated through dynamic spatial control of receptors, adhesion molecules, and activating proteases
Whole-brain dynamics in aging: disruptions in functional connectivity and the role of the rich club
Authors: Escrichs Anira , Biarnes Carles , Garre-Olmo Josep , Fernández-Real José Manuel , Ramos Rafel , Pamplona Reinald , Brugada Ramon , Serena Joaquin , Ramió-Torrentà Lluís , Coll-De-Tuero Gabriel , Gallart Luís , Barretina Jordi , Vilanova Joan C. , Mayneris-Perxachs Jordi , Essig Marco , Figley Chase R. , Pedraza Salvador , Puig Josep , Deco Gustavo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNormal aging causes disruptions in the brain that can lead to cognitive decline. Resting-state fMRI studies have found significant age-related alterations in functional connectivity across various networks. Nevertheless, most of the studies have focused mainly on static functional connectivity. Studying the dynamics of resting-state brain activity across the whole-brain functional network can provide a better characterization of age-related changes. Here we employed two data-driven whole-brain approaches based on the phase synchronization of blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals to analyze resting-state fMRI data from 620 subjects divided into two groups (‘middle-age group’ (n=310); age range, 50-65 years vs. ‘older group’ (n=310); age range, 66-91 years). Applying the Intrinsic-Ignition Framework to assess the effect of spontaneous local activation events on local-global integration, we found that the older group showed higher intrinsic ignition across the whole-brain functional network, but lower metastability. Using Leading Eigenvector Dynamics Analysis, we found that the older group showed reduced ability to access a metastable substate that closely overlaps with the so-called rich club. These findings suggest that functional whole-brain dynamics are altered in aging, probably due to a deficiency in a metastable substate that is key for efficient global communication in the brain.