bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The amalgamation of Pangea: Paleomagnetic and geological observations revisited
Authors: Wu Lei , Murphy J. Brendan , Quesada Cecilio , Li Zheng-Xiang , Waldron John W.F. , Williams Simon , Pisarevsky Sergei , Collins William J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe supercontinent Pangea formed by the subduction of the Iapetus and Rheic oceans between Gondwana, Laurentia, and Baltica during mid-to-late Paleozoic times. However, there remains much debate regarding how this amalgamation was achieved. Most paleogeographic models based on paleomagnetic data argue that the juxtaposition of Gondwana and Laurussia (Laurentia-Baltica) was achieved via long-lasting highly oblique convergence in the late Paleozoic. In contrast, many geology-based reconstructions suggest that the collision between the two continents was likely initiated via a Gondwanan promontory comprising the Iberian, Armorican, and Bohemian massifs, and parts of the basement units in the Alpine orogen during the Early Devonian. To help resolve this discrepancy, we present an updated compilation of high-quality paleopoles of mid-to-late Paleozoic ages (spanning Middle Ordovician and Carboniferous times) from Gondwana, Laurentia, and Baltica. These paleopoles were evaluated with the Van der Voo selection criteria, corrected for inclination error where necessary, and were used to revise their apparent polar wander (APW) paths. The revised APW paths were constructed using an innovative approach in which age errors, A95 ovals, and Q-factors of individual paleopoles are taken into account. By combining the resulting APW paths with existing geological data and field relationships in the European Variscides, we provide mid-to-late Paleozoic paleogeographic reconstructions which indicate that the formation of Pangea was likely initiated at 400 Ma via the collision between Laurussia and a ribbon-like Gondwanan promontory that was itself formed by a scissor-like opening of the Paleotethys Ocean, and that the amalgamation culminated in the mostly orthogonal convergence between Gondwana and Laurussia.
Blood pressure and cognitive function across the eighth decade: a prospective study of the Lothian Birth Cohort of 1936
Authors: Altschul Drew , Starr John , Deary Ian 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesWe investigated the associations among blood pressure and cognitive functions across the eighth decade, while accounting for antihypertensive medication and lifetime stability in cognitive function.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThis study used data from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) study, which recruited participants living in the Lothian region of Scotland when aged 70 years, most of whom had completed an intelligence test at age 11 years.Participants1091 members of the LBC1936 with assessments of cognitive ability in childhood and older adulthood, and blood pressure measurements in older adulthood.Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants were followed up at ages 70, 73, 76 and 79, and latent growth curve models and linear mixed models were used to analyse both cognitive functions and blood pressure as primary outcomes.ResultsBlood pressure followed a quadratic trajectory in the eighth decade: on average blood pressure rose in the first waves and subsequently fell. Intercepts and trajectories were not associated between blood pressure and cognitive functions. Women with higher early-life cognitive function generally had lower blood pressure during the eighth decade. Being prescribed antihypertensive medication was associated with lower blood pressure, but not with better cognitive function.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that women with higher early-life cognitive function had lower later-life blood pressure. However, we did not find support for the hypothesis that rises in blood pressure and worse cognitive decline are associated with one another in the eighth decade.
Is a definitive trial of prehospital continuous positive airway pressure versus standard oxygen therapy for acute respiratory failure indicated? The ACUTE pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fuller Gordon , Keating Sam , Goodacre Steve , Herbert Esther , Perkins Gavin , Rosser Andy , Gunson Imogen , Miller Josh , Ward Matthew , Bradburn Mike , Thokala Praveen , Harris Tim , Marsh Maggie , Scott Alex , Cooper Cindy 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo determine the feasibility of a large-scale definitive multicentre trial of prehospital continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in acute respiratory failure.DesignA single-centre, open-label, individual patient randomised, controlled, external pilot trial.SettingA single UK Ambulance Service, between August 2017 and July 2018.ParticipantsAdults with respiratory distress and peripheral oxygen saturations below British Thoracic Society target levels despite controlled oxygen treatment.InterventionsPatients were randomised to prehospital CPAP (O-Two system) versus standard oxygen therapy in a 1:1 ratio using simple randomisation.Primary and secondary outcome measuresFeasibility outcomes comprised recruitment rate, adherence to allocated treatment, retention and data completeness. The primary clinical outcome was 30-day mortality.Results77 patients were enrolled (target 120), including 7 cases with a diagnosis where CPAP could be ineffective or harmful. CPAP was fully delivered in 74% (target 75%). There were no major protocol violations. Full data were available for all key outcomes (targets ≥90%). Overall 30-day mortality was 27.3%. Of these deceased patients, 14/21 (68%) either did not have a respiratory condition or had ceiling of treatment decisions implemented excluding hospital non-invasive ventilation and critical care.ConclusionsRecruitment rate was below target and feasibility was not demonstrated. Limited compliance with CPAP, and difficulty in identifying patients who could benefit from CPAP, indicate that prehospital CPAP is unlikely to materially reduce mortality. A definitive effectiveness trial of CPAP is therefore not recommended.Trial registration numberISRCTN12048261; Post-results.
Women’s satisfaction with existing labour and delivery services in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Demis Asmamaw , Getie Addisu , Wondmieneh Adam , Bimerew Melaku , Alemnew Birhan , Gedefaw Getnet 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo estimate the pooled prevalence of women’s satisfaction with existing labour and delivery services in Ethiopia.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsMEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Hinari, Google Scholar and web of science electronic databases were searched for the study. This meta-analysis included nineteen cross-sectional studies. Cochrane I2 statistics were used to check the heterogeneity of the studies. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were conducted with the evidence of heterogeneity. Egger test with funnel plot were used to investigate publication bias.ResultNineteen studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of women’s satisfaction with existing labour and delivery services in Ethiopia was 70.54% (95% CI 60.94 to 80.15). Having informal education of the women (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.19; 95% CI 1.47 to 3.25), time to be seen by the healthcare providers within 20 min (AOR=2.97; 95% CI 2.11 to 4.19), receiving free service (AOR=5.01; 95% CI 2.87 to 8.75), keeping women privacy (AOR=2.84; 95% CI 1.46 to 5.55), planned delivery in the health institution (AOR=2.85; 95% CI 1.99 to 4.07), duration of labour within 12 hours (AOR=2.55; 95% CI 1.70 to 3.81) and have not antenatal care follow-up (AOR=4.03; 95% CI 2.21 to 7.35) were factors associated with women satisfaction with labour and delivery services in Ethiopia.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of women’s satisfaction with existing labour and delivery services was high. Informal education of the women, antenatal care follow-up, planned delivery in the health institution, keeping women privacy, getting free service, time to be seen by the healthcare providers and duration of labour were factors associated with women’s satisfaction during labour and delivery services. This finding is important to design strategic policies and to prevent emergency neonatal and women complications during the childbirth and postpartum periods.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020149217.
Effect of pragmatic versus explanatory interventions on medication adherence in people with cardiometabolic conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fitzpatrick Claire , Gillies Clare , Seidu Samuel , Kar Debasish , Ioannidou Ekaterini , Davies Melanie J , Patel Prashanth , Gupta Pankaj , Khunti Kamlesh 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo synthesise findings from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions aimed at increasing medication adherence in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD). And, in a novel approach, to compare the intervention effect of studies which were categorised as being more pragmatic or more explanatory using the Pragmatic-Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary-2 (PRECIS-2) tool, to identify whether study design affects outcomes. As explanatory trials are typically held under controlled conditions, findings from such trials may not be relatable to real-world clinical practice. In comparison, pragmatic trials are designed to replicate real-world conditions and therefore findings are more likely to represent those found if the intervention were to be implemented in routine care.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesOvid Medline, Ovid Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2018.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRCTs lasting ≥3 months (90 days), involving ≥200 patients in the analysis, with either established CVD and/or T2DM and which measured medication adherence. From 4403 citations, 103 proceeded to full text review. Studies published in any language other than English and conference abstracts were excluded.Main outcome measureChange in medication adherence.ResultsOf 4403 records identified, 34 studies were considered eligible, of which 28, including 30 861 participants, contained comparable outcome data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Overall interventions were associated with an increase in medication adherence (OR 1.57 (95% CI: 1.33 to 1.84), p<0.001; standardised mean difference 0.24 (95% CI: −0.10 to 0.59) p=0.101). The effectiveness of interventions did not differ significantly between studies considered pragmatic versus explanatory (p=0.598), but did differ by intervention type, with studies that included a multifaceted rather than a single-faceted intervention having a more significant effect (p=0.010). The analysis used random effect models and used the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool to assess study quality.ConclusionsIn this meta-analysis, interventions were associated with a significant increase in medication adherence. Overall multifaceted interventions which included an element of education alongside regular patient contact or follow-up showed the most promise. Effectiveness of interventions between pragmatic and explanatory trials was comparable, suggesting that findings can be transferred from idealised to real-word conditions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017059460.
Laryngeal chondritis in two Dorper sheep
Authors: Câmara Antonio Carlos Lopes , Borges José Renato Junqueira , Campebell Rita de Cássia , de Castro Marcio Botelho , Soto‐Blanco Benito 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYLaryngeal chondritis is an acute obstructive upper respiratory condition characterised by severe dyspnoea and laryngeal stridor, considered an uncommon disease in sheep. In this study, we describe detailed clinical evolution, imaging and pathological findings of the first cases of laryngeal chondritis in Dorper sheep. Two Dorper sheep from different flocks were referred to clinical care with respiratory distress and fatigue. Due to dyspnoea, both sheep were submitted to emergency tracheotomy. Both sheep did not show recovery after treatment with antimicrobials and anti‐inflammatories and died. Main gross findings observed in sheep 1 were purulent foci affecting cricoid cartilage and surrounding tissues. Sheep 2 presented with marked swelling of the laryngeal mucosa, reduced airway lumen and a pus‐draining fistula in the arytenoid cartilage. Histologically, both cases revealed necrosis of the laryngeal cartilage, suppurative inflammation and abscedation within myriads of intralesional bacteria.
Higgs portal to dark matter and $$B\rightarrow K^{(*)}$$ decays
Authors: Kachanovich Aliaksei , Nierste Ulrich , Nišandžić Ivan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe consider a Higgs portal model in which the 125-GeV Higgs boson mixes with a light singlet mediator $$h_2$$h2 coupling to particles of a Dark Sector and study potential $$b\rightarrow s h_2$$b→sh2 decays in the Belle II experiment. Multiplying the gauge-dependent off-shell Standard-Model b-s-Higgs vertex with the sine of the Higgs mixing angle does not give the correct b-s-$$h_2$$h2 vertex. We clarify this issue by calculating the b-s-$$h_2$$h2 vertex in an arbitrary $$R_\xi $$Rξ gauge and demonstrate how the $$\xi $$ξ dependence cancels from physical decay rates involving an on-shell or off-shell $$h_2$$h2. Then we revisit the $$b\rightarrow s h_2$$b→sh2 phenomenology and point out that a simultaneous study of $$B\rightarrow K^* h_2$$B→K∗h2 and $$B\rightarrow K h_2$$B→Kh2 helps to discriminate between the Higgs portal and alternative models of the Dark Sector. We further advocate for the use of the $$h_2$$h2 lifetime information contained in displaced-vertex data with $$h_2$$h2 decaying back to Standard-Model particles to better constrain the $$h_2$$h2 mass or to reveal additional $$h_2$$h2 decay modes into long-lived particles.
The simulation, fabrication technology and characteristic research of micro-pressure sensor with isosceles trapezoidal beam-membrane
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhao Xiaofeng , Liu Yibo , Wen Dianzhong 
Published: July 2020

A micro-pressure sensor with an isosceles trapezoidal beam-membrane (ITBM) is proposed in this paper, consisting of a square silicon membrane, four isosceles trapezoidal beams (ITBs) and four piezoresistors. To investigate how the elastic silicon membrane affects pressure sensitive characteristics, simulation models based on ANSYS 15.0 software were used to analyze the effect of structural dimension on the characteristics of pressure sensor. According to that, the chips of micro-pressure sensors were fabricated by micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology on a silicon wafer with [Formula: see text] orientation. The experimental results show that the proposed sensor achieves a better sensitivity of 9.64 mV/kPa and an excellent linearity of 0.09%F.S. in the range of 0–3.0 kPa at room temperature and a supply voltage of 5.0 V, with a super temperature coefficient of sensitivity (TCS) about - 2180 ppm/[Formula: see text] from −40[Formula: see text] to 85[Formula: see text] and low pressure measurement less than 3.0 kPa.
Circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Concentrations and Risk of 30 Cancers: Prospective Analyses in UK Biobank
Authors: Knuppel Anika , Fensom Georgina K. , Watts Eleanor L. , Gunter Marc J. , Murphy Neil , Papier Keren , Perez-Cornago Aurora , Schmidt Julie A. , Smith Byrne Karl , Travis Ruth C. , Key Timothy J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCirculating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is positively associated with the risks of colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer, but evidence for other less common cancers is limited. In this study, we investigated associations between serum IGF-I concentrations and incidence of less common cancers in the UK Biobank study. To enable comparison of effect estimates, and as positive controls, both common and less common cancer sites (total 30) were included in an outcome-wide analysis. Data from 394,388 cancer-free participants in the UK Biobank study were analyzed. Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine associations between baseline serum IGF-I concentrations and cancer incidence, using repeated IGF-I measurements from up to 14,149 participants to correct for regression dilution bias. Higher IGF-I concentration was associated with increased risks of thyroid cancer [HR per 5 nmol/L higher concentration 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.37] in addition to colorectal (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03–1.13), breast (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07–1.15), and prostate cancer (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05–1.12), and reduced risks of ovarian and liver cancer. Mean follow-up was 6.9 years and the possibility that the observed associations may be influenced by reverse causality bias cannot be excluded. Additional nominally significant associations with malignant melanoma, multiple myeloma, oral cancer, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma did not survive correction for multiple testing. Studies with longer follow-up and pooled analyses are needed to further assess how broad the role of IGF-I is in cancer development.Significance:The results from this outcome-wide analysis are consistent with a positive association of IGF-I with cancers at several sites.
Resenha da nova edição digital, revisada e modernizada do Livro Educação Musical Através do Teclado volume 1 -Musicalização, de Maria de Lourdes Junqueira Gonçalves e Cacilda Borges Barbosa. Revisores: Tiago Batistone e Ingrid Barancoski.
Authors: Corvisier Fátima Monteiro 
Published: July 2020

Resenha sobre nova edição em formato digital, revisada e modernizada, do primeiro volume da série de livros didáticos Educação Musical através do Teclado de Maria de Lourdes Junqueira Gonçalves e Cacilda Borges Barbosa (livro do aluno - 9a. edição e manual do professor- 3a. edição). Essa edição digital é resultado do trabalho de pesquisa de Tiago Batistone com bolsa de Iniciação Científica PIBIC sob a supervisão e coordenação da Profa. Dra. Ingrid Barancoski, professora titular da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO).
Multiple Vulnerabilities to Health Disparities and Incident Heart Failure Hospitalization in the REGARDS Study
Authors: Pinheiro Laura C. , Reshetnyak Evgeniya , Sterling Madeline R. , Levitan Emily B. , Safford Monika M. , Goyal Parag 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Socially determined vulnerabilities (SDVs) to health disparities often cluster within the same individual. SDVs are separately associated with increased risk of heart failure (HF). The objective of this study was to determine the cumulative effect of SDVs to health disparities on incident HF hospitalization.

Methods and Results:

Using the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) cohort study, we studied 25 790 participants without known HF and followed them for 10+ years. Our primary outcome was an incident HF hospitalization through December 31, 2016. Guided by the Healthy People 2020 framework for social determinants of health, we examined 10 potential SDVs. We retained SDVs associated with incident HF hospitalization (
P
<0.10) and created an SDV count (0, 1, 2, 3+). Using the count, we estimated Cox proportional hazard models to examine associations with incident HF hospitalization, adjusting for potential confounders. Models were stratified by age (45–64, 65–74, and 75+ years) because past reports suggest greater disparities in HF incidence at younger ages. Participants were followed for a median of 10.1 years (interquartile range, 6.5–11.9). Black race, low educational attainment, low annual household income, zip code poverty, poor public health infrastructure, and lack of health insurance were associated with incident HF hospitalization. In adjusted models, among those 45 to 64 years, compared with having no SDV, having 1 SDV (hazard ratio, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.12–3.05]), 2 SDVs (hazard ratio, 2.12 [95% CI, 1.28–3.50]), and 3+ SDVs (hazard ratio, 2.45 [95% CI, 1.48–4.04]) were significantly associated with incident HF hospitalization (
P
for trend, 0.001). We observed no significant associations for older individuals.

Conclusions:
A greater number of SDVs significantly increased risk of incident HF hospitalization among adults <65 years, which persisted after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. Using a simple SDV count that could be obtained from a social history during clinical assessment may identify younger individuals at increased risk.
Feeding competition inferred from patch depletion in a supergroup of Rwenzori black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in Rwanda
Authors: Miller Alex , Judge Debra S. , Uwingeneye Grace , Ndayishimiye Dieudonne , Kaplin Beth A. , Grueter Cyril C. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Competition for food is often a cost associated with living in a group, and can occur in an indirect (scramble) or direct (contest) form. We investigated feeding competition in a supergroup of Rwenzori black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in Rwanda, with the aim of establishing whether freedom from scramble competition allows these monkeys to form supergroups. We used the patch depletion method, measuring intake rate coupled with movement rate, to assess if food patches become depleted over the occupancy period. Resource depletion was evident when the colobus fed on young leaves, but not when feeding on mature leaves. Scramble competition was inferred from a negative correlation between group size and change in intake rate over patch occupancy. Between-group contest competition was inferred from displacement from patches. Although feeding competition exists for select resources, limited competition for mature leaves may enable Rwenzori colobus to live in a supergroup of hundreds of individuals in this montane forest.
A comparative evaluation of the nutritional quality of Eriocheir sinensis and Eriocheir japonica (Brachyura, Varunidae)
Authors: Wang Zhiyan , Zu Lu , Li Qingqing , Jiang Xiaodong , Xu Wengang , Soyano Kiyoshi , Cheng Yongxu , Wu Xugan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica is an economically important species widely distributed throughout the East Asia region, but information on the compositional characteristics and nutritional quality of E. japonica is still scarce. Thus, this study was conducted to compare the edible tissue indices, proximate composition, fatty acid profiles and amino acid contents between wild E. sinensis and E. japonica. It showed that: (1) both E. sinensis and E. japonica have a high total edible yield (approximately 40%); (2) E. sinensis and E. japonica have a similar proximate composition, except for total lipids; (3) female E. japonica have higher percentages of C18:3n3, C20:5n3 and C22:6n3; (4) E. sinensis have higher levels of essential amino acids than E. japonica in muscle. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that wild E. japonica is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, and both E. sinensis and E. japonica are aquatic food of high nutritional value, with a high edible yield.