bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stakeholder outreach on process safety for process industry using risk based approaches
Authors: Fauzi Rahman Jayaraman Siti Nur Balqis , Shariff Azmi Mohd , Zaini Dzulkarnain 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFor past decades, the industry and academician realized the core of effective process safety management (PSM) is closely related to good process safety culture. Major accidents in process industry occur at low frequency but the consequences on people, environmental, and assets damage are catastrophic. Previous accidents in process industry recorded many deaths and injuries of facility personnel and public. Hence, many regulations and best practices were introduced to avoid major accidents from occurring and to mitigate the consequences. Risk based process safety (RBPS) Guideline is one of best practices to manage PSM, using risk‐based approaches. When accidents happened, internal and external stakeholders are greatly impacted if it is not mitigated effectively. Thus, element stakeholder outreach which lies in Commit to Process Safety pillars are considered as important elements to protect the stakeholders and promoting good safety culture. This article presents a structured technique for stakeholder outreach using RBPS approaches and a work‐aid model to ease its implementation in process industry. The technique and work‐aid model are beneficial to help the organization managing stakeholders, educating the public on risk management and the importance of embracing safety culture in their life.
Hydraulic and turbulence structure of triangular labyrinth weir‐pool fishways
Authors: Dizabadi Shahram , Azimi Amir H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDetailed laboratory experiments were conducted to analyze and evaluate a new weir‐pool fishway design. The new design consisted of a series of one‐cycle, triangular labyrinth weirs that formed a weir‐pool fish passage. Hydraulic characteristics of flow over the proposed fishway were examined for three pool lengths and a wide range of discharges. It was found that the new design had superior discharge capacity over classical weir‐pool fishways in plunging flow regime. Spatial and point analyses of measured velocity data were carried out to understand turbulence structure and distribution of turbulent flow. The power dissipation per unit volume was calculated for different tests, and it varied nonlinearly with discharge. Based on the limiting criteria for energy dissipation rates of different fish species, the maximum operating discharge for different slopes was extracted for the proposed design. The model‐to‐prototype scaling analysis was performed based on the recommended scaling factor of three for prototype. It was found that the approach velocity of prototype increased by 12%, whereas the total discharge increased by more than five times. The contour plots of time‐averaged velocity indicated that the proposed fishways offered diversified flow fields without exceeding the maximum velocity above the standards recommended for weir‐pool fishways. To study the size, direction, and periodicity of turbulent eddies, magnitude of the most energetic eddy and dominant frequencies were extracted using power spectrum analysis. Quadrant analysis consistently showed that Reynolds shear stresses in ejection and sweep events became weaker as the pool length increased. The small region of strong ejection and sweep events evidenced a good resting place for fish migration, whereas the generated turbulence was large enough to attract fish species to use the passage.
Gestational diabetes impacts fetal precursor cell responses with potential consequences for offspring
Authors: Algaba-Chueca Francisco , Maymó-Masip Elsa , Ejarque Miriam , Ballesteros Mónica , Llauradó Gemma , López Carlos , Guarque Albert , Serena Carolina , Martínez-Guasch Laia , Gutiérrez Cristina , Bosch Ramón , Vendrell Joan , Megía Ana , Fernández-Veledo Sonia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFetal programming has been proposed as a key mechanism underlying the association between intrauterine exposure to maternal diabetes and negative health outcomes in offspring. To determine whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) might leave an imprint in fetal precursors of the amniotic membrane and whether it might be related to adverse outcomes in offspring, a prospective case-control study was conducted, in which amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) and resident macrophages were isolated from pregnant patients, with either GDM or normal glucose tolerance, scheduled for cesarean section. After characterization, functional characteristics of AMSCs were analyzed and correlated with anthropometrical and clinical variables from both mother and offspring. GDM-derived AMSCs displayed an impaired proliferation and osteogenic potential when compared with control cells, accompanied by superior invasive and chemotactic capacity. The expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response (TNFα, MCP-1, CD40, and CTSS) was upregulated in GDM-derived AMSCs, whereas anti-inflammatory IL-33 was downregulated. Macrophages isolated from the amniotic membrane of GDM mothers consistently showed higher expression of MCP-1 as well. In vitro studies in which AMSCs from healthy control women were exposed to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and palmitic acid confirmed these results. Finally, genes involved in the inflammatory response were associated with maternal insulin sensitivity and prepregnancy body mass index, as well as with fetal metabolic parameters. These results suggest that the GDM environment could program stem cells and subsequently favor metabolic dysfunction later in life. Fetal adaptive programming in the setting of GDM might have a direct negative impact on insulin resistance of offspring.Significance statement Signatures of metabolic deregulation seem to remain in cells early in development. Given the location on the inner side of the placenta, amniotic membrane stem cells might be a good indicator of how the intrauterine environment impacts the fetus. To the best of authors' knowledge, this study showed for the first time how gestational diabetes disturbs both the phenotype and the functional characteristics of amniotic mesenchymal stem cells, and these alterations are related to maternal and fetal metabolic status, suggesting that fetal adaptive programming in the setting of gestational diabetes might have a direct impact on offspring.
Active Targeting of Dendritic Polyglycerols for Diagnostic Cancer Imaging
Authors: Pant Kritee , Neuber Christin , Zarschler Kristof , Wodtke Johanna , Meister Sebastian , Haag Rainer , Pietzsch Jens , Stephan Holger 
Published: December 2019

AbstractActive tumor targeting involves the decoration of nanomaterials (NMs) with oncotropic vector biomolecules that selectively recognize certain antigens on malignant cells or in the tumor microenvironment. This strategy can facilitate intracellular uptake of NM through specific interactions such as receptor‐mediated endocytosis and can lead to prolonged retention in the malignant tissues by preventing rapid efflux from the tumor. Here, the design of actively targeting, renally excretible bimodal dendritic polyglycerols (dPGs) for diagnostic cancer imaging is described. Single‐domain antibodies (sdAbs) specifically binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are employed herein as targeting warheads owing to their small size and high affinity for their corresponding antigen. The dPGs equipped with EGFR‐targeting feature are compared head‐to‐head with their nontargeting counterparts in terms of interaction with EGFR‐overexpressing cells in vitro as well as accumulation at receptor‐positive tumors in vivo. Experimental results reveal a higher specificity and preferential tumor accumulation for the α‐EGFR dPGs, resulting from the introduction of active targeting capabilities on their backbone. These results highlight the potential for improving the tumor uptake properties of dPGs by strategic use of sdAb functionalization, which can ultimately prove useful to the development of ultrasmall NM with highly specific tumor accumulation.
Simulations of the Oxidation and Degradation of Platinum Electrocatalysts
Authors: Kirchhoff Björn , Braunwarth Laura , Jung Christoph , Jónsson Hannes , Fantauzzi Donato , Jacob Timo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractImproved understanding of the fundamental processes leading to degradation of platinum nanoparticle electrocatalysts is essential to the continued advancement of their catalytic activity and stability. To this end, the oxidation of platinum nanoparticles is simulated using a ReaxFF reactive force field within a grand‐canonical Monte Carlo scheme. 2–4 nm cuboctahedral particles serve as model systems, for which electrochemical potential‐dependent phase diagrams are constructed from the thermodynamically most stable oxide structures, including solvation and thermochemical contributions. Calculations in this study suggest that surface oxide structures should become thermodynamically stable at voltages around 0.80–0.85 V versus standard hydrogen electrode, which corresponds to typical fuel cell operating conditions. The potential presence of a surface oxide during catalysis is usually not accounted for in theoretical studies of Pt electrocatalysts. Beyond 1.1 V, fragmentation of the catalyst particles into [Pt6O8]4− clusters is observed. Density functional theory calculations confirm that [Pt6O8]4− is indeed stable and hydrophilic. These results suggest that the formation of [Pt6O8]4− may play an important role in platinum catalyst degradation as well as the electromotoric transport of Pt2+/4+ ions in fuel cells.
Dual Functional Monocytes Modulate Bactericidal and Anti‐Inflammation Process for Severe Osteomyelitis Treatment
Authors: Shi Miusi , Zhang Peng , Zhao Qin , Shen Kailun , Qiu Yun , Xiao Yin , Yuan Quan , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOsteomyelitis is an inflammatory bone disease caused by infection microorganisms which leads to progressive bone destruction and loss. Drug resistance and inflammatory damage make it urgent to develop new dual‐functional therapies. Based on the powerful bactericidal effect of monocyte/macrophage cells by nature, a functional monocyte with programed anti‐inflammatory ability is promising for osteomyelitis treatment. Herein, gold nanocage (GNC)–modified monocytes are developed which contain aspirin to realize the controlled antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory process for bone infection treatment effectively. Aspirin@GNC‐laden monocytes inherit the biological functions of origin monocytes such as chemotaxis to bacteria, differentiation potential, and phagocytic ability. The controlled release of aspirin from GNC has a beneficial effect on improving the rate and amount of bone regeneration after the anti‐infection stage due to its ability to suppress the activity of natural immunity and induce osteoblast differentiation during the treatment of osteomyelitis. The present work described here is the first to utilize living monocytes to achieve a dual effect to antibacteria and anti‐inflammation in a time‐oriented and programed way, and provides an inspiration for future therapy based on this concept.
Factors associated with failure of dog's weight loss programmes
Authors: Porsani Mariana Y. H. , Teixeira Fábio A. , Amaral Andressa R. , Pedrinelli Vivian , Vasques Vinícius , de Oliveira Ariane G. , Vendramini Thiago H. A. , Brunetto Marcio A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCanine obesity is the cause of several health issues, and may predispose other diseases, such as orthopaedic disorders, endocrinopathies, metabolic abnormalities and cardiorespiratory disease which can lead to a decreased quality of life and reduced lifespan. Dog are considered overweight when their body weight is ≥15% above their ideal body weight, and as obese when their body weight exceeds 30% of optimal. Prevalence of canine obesity is estimated to be around 5%–20%, and up to 30%–40% when all overweight dogs are considered. Treatment is based on weight loss programmes, focused on caloric restriction associated with exercise. However, success rate of treatment is low.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for weight loss failure of obese dogs during treatment with low‐calorie diets.MethodsRecords of obese dogs undergoing weight loss programmes between May 2014 and May 2017, assessed by a team specialized in veterinary nutrition, were retrospectively evaluated. Dogs were classified according to weekly weight loss rate (WWLR) (<1%, between 1% and 2%, and more than 2%) and owner compliance with a dietary prescription and physical activity recommendations.ResultsThe mean WWLR was not satisfactory (<1%) in 64.4% (n = 47/73) of dogs. Regarding owner compliance with the dietary prescription, 44.7% (n = 21/47) of owners did not follow diet prescriptions and physical activity recommendations for their dogs. There was a significant association (p = .01) between compliance of owners and satisfactory weight loss rate; however, there was no association between weight loss success, diet composition sex, reproductive status, age of the dogs and their physical activity (p ≥ .05).ConclusionsNon‐compliance represents a great challenge in the treatment of canine obesity, and may be of more importance than other aspects.
Timing of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and preoperative pain are important predictors for postoperative kinesiophobia
Authors: Theunissen W. W. E. S. , van der Steen M. C. , Liu W. Y. , Janssen R. P. A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Fear of movement (kinesiophobia) is a major limiting factor in the return to pre-injury sport level after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The aim of this study was to gain insight into the prevalence of kinesiophobia pre-ACLR, 3 months post-ACLR and 12 months post-ACLR. Furthermore, the preoperative predictability of kinesiophobia at 3 months post-ACLR was addressed.

Methods
A retrospective study with data, which were prospectively collected as part of standard care, was conducted to evaluate patients who underwent ACLR between January 2017 and December 2018 in an orthopaedic outpatient clinic. Patient characteristics (age, sex, body mass index), injury-to-surgery time, preoperative pain level (KOOS pain subscale) and preoperative knee function (IKDC-2000) were used as potential predictor variables for kinesiophobia (TSK-17) at 3 months post-ACLR in linear regression analysis.

Results
The number of patients with a high level of kinesiophobia (TSK > 37) reduced from 92 patients (69.2%) preoperatively to 44 patients (43.1%) 3 months postoperatively and 36 patients (30.8%) 12 months postoperatively. The prediction model, based on a multivariable regression analysis, showed a positive correlation between four predictor variables (prolonged injury-to-surgery time, high preoperative pain level, male sex and low body mass index) and a high level of kinesiophobia at 3 months postoperatively (R2 = 0.384, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
The prevalence of kinesiophobia decreases during postoperative rehabilitation, but high kinesiophobia is still present in a large portion of the patients after ACLR. Timing of reconstruction seems to be the strongest predictor for high kinesiophobia 3 months post-ACLR. This study is the first step in the development of a screening tool to detect patients with kinesiophobia after ACLR. Identifying patients preoperatively opens the possibility to treat patients and thereby potentially increase the return to pre-injury sport level rate after ACLR.

Level of evidence
III.
Intermediate dimensions
Authors: Falconer Kenneth J. , Fraser Jonathan M. , Kempton Tom 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe introduce a continuum of dimensions which are ‘intermediate’ between the familiar Hausdorff and box dimensions. This is done by restricting the families of allowable covers in the definition of Hausdorff dimension by insisting that $$|U| \le |V|^\theta $$

|
U
|

≤

|
V
|

θ

for all sets U, V used in a particular cover, where $$\theta \in [0,1]$$

θ
∈
[
0
,
1
]

is a parameter. Thus, when $$\theta =1$$

θ
=
1

only covers using sets of the same size are allowable, and we recover the box dimensions, and when $$\theta =0$$

θ
=
0

there are no restrictions, and we recover Hausdorff dimension. We investigate many properties of the intermediate dimension (as a function of $$\theta $$
θ
), including proving that it is continuous on (0, 1] but not necessarily continuous at 0, as well as establishing appropriate analogues of the mass distribution principle, Frostman’s lemma, and the dimension formulae for products. We also compute, or estimate, the intermediate dimensions of some familiar sets, including sequences formed by negative powers of integers, and Bedford–McMullen carpets.
Crossover and peaks in the Pleistocene climate spectrum; understanding from simple ice age models
Authors: Ditlevsen Peter , Mitsui Takahito , Crucifix Michel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe power spectrum provides a compact representation of the scale dependence of the variability in time series. At multi-millennial time scales the spectrum of the Pleistocene climate is composed of a set of narrow band spectral modes attributed to the regularly varying changes in insolation from the astronomical change in Earth’s orbit and rotation superimposed on a continuous background generally attributed to stochastic variations. Quantitative analyses of paleoclimatic records indicate that the continuous part comprises a dominant part of the variance. It exhibits a power-law dependency typical of stochastic, self-similar processes, but with a scale break at the frequency of glacial-interglacial cycles. Here we discuss possible origins of this scale break, the connection between the continuous background and the narrow bands, and the apparently modest spectral power above the continuum at these scales. We demonstrate that the observed scale break around 100 ka can have a variety of different origins and does not imply an internal time scale of correlation as implied by the simplest linear stochastic model.
High prevalence and genetic diversity of Haemoproteus columbae (Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) in feral pigeons Columba livia in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Nebel Carina , Harl Josef , Pajot Adrien , Weissenböck Herbert , Amar Arjun , Sumasgutner Petra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, we explore blood parasite prevalence, infection intensity, and co-infection levels in an urban population of feral pigeonsColumba liviain Cape Town. We analyze the effect of blood parasites on host body condition and the association between melanin expression in the host’s plumage and parasite infection intensity and co-infection levels. Relating to the haemosporidian parasite itself, we study their genetic diversity by means of DNA barcoding (cytochrome b) and show the geographic and host distribution of related parasite lineages in pigeons worldwide. Blood from 195C. liviaindividuals was collected from April to June 2018. Morphometric measurements and plumage melanism were recorded from every captured bird. Haemosporidian prevalence and infection intensity were determined by screening blood smears and parasite lineages by DNA sequencing. Prevalence ofHaemoproteusspp. was high at 96.9%. The body condition of the hosts was negatively associated with infection intensity. However, infection intensity was unrelated to plumage melanism. Thecytochrome bsequences revealed the presence of fourHaemoproteuslineages in our population of pigeons, which show high levels of co-occurrence within individual birds. Three lineages (HAECOL1, COLIV03, COQUI05) belong toHaemoproteus columbaeand differ only by 0.1% to 0.8% in thecytochrome bgene. Another lineage (COLIV06) differs by 8.3% from the latter ones and is not linked to a morphospecies, yet. No parasites of the generaLeucocytozoonandPlasmodiumwere detected.
Effect of platelet-rich fibrin on cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis: a systematic review of in vitro studies
Authors: Strauss Franz-Josef , Nasirzade Jila , Kargarpoor Zahra , Stähli Alexandra , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically assess the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on in vitro cellular behavior.MethodsA systematic electronic search using MEDLINE database was performed. In vitro studies using PRF were considered and articles published up to June 31, 2018 were screened. Eligible studies were selected based on the use of human PRF.ResultsIn total, 1746 titles were identified with the search terms, from these 37 met the inclusion criteria and were chosen for data extraction. In addition, 16 new studies, mainly published in 2019, were also included in the analysis resulting in 53 studies. No meta-analysis could be performed due to the heterogeneity of study designs. Included studies show that PRF enhances proliferation, migration, adhesion, and osteogenic differentiation on a variety of cell types along with cell signaling activation. Furthermore, PRF reduces inflammation, suppresses osteoclastogenesis, and increases the expression of various growth factors in mesenchymal cells.Summary and conclusionsDespite some notable differences of the studies, the overall findings suggest a positive effect of PRF on cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, differentiation, and inflammation pointing towards a therapeutic potential in regenerative dentistry.Clinical relevancePRF serves as a reservoir of bioactive molecules to support wound healing and bone regeneration. Although the cellular mechanisms by which PRF supports the clinical outcomes remain unclear, in vitro research provides possible explanations. This systematic review aims to provide an update of the existing research on how PRF affects basic physiological processes in vitro. The overall findings suggest that PRF induces cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, and differentiation along with possessing anti-inflammatory properties further supporting its therapeutic potential in wound healing and bone regeneration.
Open-label study of long-term administration of dotinurad in Japanese hyperuricemic patients with or without gout
Authors: Hosoya Tatsuo , Fushimi Masahiko , Okui Daisuke , Sasaki Tomomitsu , Ohashi Tetsuo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Dotinurad is a novel selective urate reabsorption inhibitor (SURI) which reduces serum uric acid levels by selectively inhibiting urate transporter 1 (URAT1). This study was intended to verify the efficacy and safety of dotinurad following treatment for 34 or 58 weeks in hyperuricemic patients with or without gout.

Methods
This long-term study had an open-label design with dose escalation. The dose of dotinurad started at 0.5 mg/day and was increased progressively to 2 mg/day. If the serum uric acid level of patients did not reach ≤ 6 mg/dL at week 14, the dose was increased to 4 mg/day. The primary endpoint was the percent change in serum uric acid level from the baseline to each visit.

Results
At a dose of 2 mg, serum uric acid levels at week 34 and 58 were reduced from the baseline by 46.73% and 47.17%, respectively; at 4 mg, the respective values were 54.92% and 57.35%. At week 34 and 58, the percentages of patients achieving a serum uric acid levels ≤ 6.0 mg/dL with 2-mg dose were 89.11% and 91.30%, respectively; with 4 mg, the respective rates were 97.50% and 100.00%. In addition, the incidences of adverse events and adverse drug reactions were 65.2% and 21.8%, respectively.

Conclusion
Dotinurad at doses of 2–4-mg sufficiently reduced serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemic patients with or without gout, and its efficacy and safety were verified for long-term administration.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03006445