РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ И ФИЗИОЛОГО-БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА КОРИНЕБАКТЕРИЙ
Authors: Кабардиев С.Ш. , Биттиров А.М. , Айгубова С.А. 
Published: December 2024

Проблема идентификации микроорганизмов сенсибилизируюших макроорганизм к туберкулину, актуальна, и важна в диагностических целях, поскольку неверное определение влечет за собой безуспешную борьбу. Более, чем в 28% случаев от животных с положительными результатами в симультанной пробе с КАМ, бактериологическими исследованиями не удается выделить микобактерии и причина сенсибилизации остается невыясненной. В этой связи, изучение распространения в природе микобактериоподобных микроорганизмов, имеющих близкое родство с микобактериями, представляет интерес. Исследованию подвергли пробы почвы-167, кормов-220, воды-190, навоза-95, отобранных во всех почвенно-климатических зонах Республики, 86 проб крови, 25- молока и 26- лимфатических узлов. Во всех исследуемых пробах удалос обнаружить исследуемую культуру в высоких титрах. Результаты морфо-функциональных и физиолого-биохимических свойств подтвердили принадлежность выделенных таксонов к коринебактериям. Среда Бучина показала хорошие ростовые свойства при выращивании культуры, как из объектов внешней среды, так и биоматериала.
The problem of identifying of microorganisms, sensitizing a macroorganism to tuberculin, is relevant and important for diagnostic purposes, since an incorrect definition entails an unsuccessful struggle. In more than 28% of cases from animals with positive results in a simultaneous test with RAM, bacteriological studies fail to isolate mycobacteria and the cause of sensitization remains unclear. In this regard, the study of the distribution in nature of mycobacterium-like microorganisms, closely related to mycobacteria, is of interest. Samples of soil-167, fodder-220, water-190, manure-95, taken in all soil and climatic zones of the Republic, 86 samples of blood, 25 milk and 26 - lymph nodes were subjected to research. In all investigated samples, it was possible to detect the studied culture in significant titers. The results of morpho-functional and physiological-biochemical properties confirmed the belonging of the isolated taxa to corynebacteria. Buchin's environment showed good growth properties when growing crops, both from environmental objects and biomaterials.
The article is devoted to the study of the features of the regional epizootology of buffalo echinococcosis in the flat zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. In the household plots of 12 rural settlements of the plain zone of the buffalo of the Caucasian population, Echinococcus granulosus larvocysts with EI were invaded with 10.0-40.0% (mean, 21.7%) and II - 12.0 ± 1.99 - 35.1 ± 4.51 ekz./ ind.. Extent of invasion (EI) of cystic echinococcosis was greatest in buffalo of the Caucasian population in such household plots of rural as p. etc. New Balkaria (40.0%), with. etc. The harvest (30.0%), p. N. Akbash (30.0%), p. etc. Kursky (30.0%), with. Soldatskoye (30.0%) with fluctuations in the intensity of invasion (II) 11-66 ekz./ ind. (average, 35.1 ± 4.51 ekz./ ind.), where year-round pasture maintenance is practiced at the forage, through which realizes the development of the biological cycle of the given invasion. In other rural settlements of the EI plains zone, echinococcosis in buffalo varied within 10.0-20.0% and II was 11-36 ekz./ ind. In the experiment, all the morphologically studied Echinococcus granulosus larvocysts, isolated from the liver and light buffalo of the сaucasian population, turned out to be acephalocyst, they did not detect Cestoda protoskoleks. This suggests that the buffalo population of the сaucasian population should not be fully involved in the epizootic process of echinococcosis, as the cycle of development of Echinococcus granulosus through the buffalo of the сaucasian population is not realized, as the "buffalo-dog" infection scheme is a biological impasse.