bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing an Event Store for a Modern Three-layer Storage Hierarchy
Authors: Glombiewski Nikolaus , Götze Philipp , Körber Michael , Morgen Andreas , Seeger Bernhard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEvent stores face the difficult challenge of continuously ingesting massive temporal data streams while satisfying demanding query and recovery requirements. Many of today’s systems deal with multiple hardware-based trade-offs. For instance, long-term storage solutions balance keeping data in cheap secondary media (SSDs, HDDs) and performance-oriented main-memory caches. As an alternative, in-memory systems focus on performance, while sacrificing monetary costs, and, to some degree, recovery guarantees. The advent of persistent memory (PMem) led to a multitude of novel research proposals aiming to alleviate those trade-offs in various fields. So far, however, there is no proposal for a PMem-powered specialized event store.Based on ChronicleDB, we will present several complementary approaches for a three-layer architecture featuring main memory, PMem, and secondary storage. We enhance some of ChronicleDB’s components with PMem for better insertion and query performance as well as better recovery guarantees. At the same time, the three-layer architecture aims to keep the overall dollar cost of a system low. The limitations and opportunities of a PMem-enhanced event store serve as important groundwork for comprehensive system design exploiting a modern storage hierarchy.
Mental Imagery and its Relevance for Psychopathology and Psychological Treatment in Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review
Authors: Schwarz Susan , Grasmann Dörte , Schreiber Franziska , Stangier Ulrich 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis review provides an overview of the current state of research concerning the role of mental imagery (MI) in mental disorders and evaluates treatment methods for changing MI in childhood. A systematic literature search using PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and PsycINFO from 1872 to September 2020 was conducted. Fourteen studies were identified investigating MI, and fourteen studies were included referring to interventions for changing MI. Data from the included studies was entered into a data extraction sheet. The methodological quality was then evaluated. MI in childhood is vivid, frequent, and has a significant influence on cognitions and behavior in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and depression. The imagery’s perspective might mediate the effect of MI on the intensity of anxiety. Imagery rescripting, emotive imagery, imagery rehearsal therapy, and rational-emotive therapy with imagery were found to have significant effects on symptoms of anxiety disorders and nightmares. In childhood, MI seems to contribute to the maintenance of SAD, PTSD, and depression. If adapted to the developmental stages of children, interventions targeting MI are effective in the treatment of mental disorders.
Comparison of prophylactic dexamethasone, metoclopramide, and combination of dexamethasone and metoclopramide for prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting for major gynaecological surgery in Hawassa university compressive specialized hospital, Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Regasa Teshome , Aweke Zemedu , Neme Derartu , Hailu Sleshi , Jemal Bedru , Mekonen Semang 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a common postoperative unpleasant and distressful experience among major abdominal gynecological surgery with incidences of up to 54% and 71% vomiting &nausea respectively. PONV is primarily occurs within 24 h can lead to significant morbidity, unexpected hospital admission of surgical outpatients by reducing patient comfort, delayed discharge from the hospital, and an increase in costs.

Objective:
To compare the effectiveness of dexamethasone, metoclopramide and combination of them in prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery.

Methods:
Institutional based Prospective randomized control trial study was conducted Hawassa comprehnsive specialized hospital from March 2018–February 2019. This study was conducted on female patient age 18–65 years. Data was collected by pretested and self-designed structured questionnaire and analysed by using computer software SPSS version 22.data were evaluated using one way ANOVA test. Categorical data was analysed with the Chi-Square test and P- Value of less than 0.05 was significantly associated with outcome variable.

Result:
Total incidence of PONV during 4–12 h was 25% in the dexamethasone group, 53% in the metoclopramide group, 18.8% in the dexamethasone plus metoclopramide group (p = 0.007). There was significant difference in incidence of nausea at 4–12 h (p = 0.011) and 12–24 h (p = 0.043). The overall incidence of PONV was 31.3%, 65.6% &28.1%of dexamethasone, metoclopramide and combination of them respectively which was lower in dexamethasone & combination (p = 0.003). Total antiemetic drug over 24 h was significantly lower in the dexamethasone and combination groups than the metoclopramide groups which were, 28.1%, 25% and 62.5% respectively (p = 0.003).

Conclusions:
We conclude that prophylactic Dexamethasone and Dexamethasone plus 10 mg Metoclopramide was found more effective in preventing PONV and decreasing the requirement of rescue antiemetic than Metoclopramide & comparable effectiveness between dexamethasone and combination in prophylaxis of PONV.

Highlights:
COVID-19 Pandemic and the Lived Experience of Surgical Residents, Fellows, and Early-Career Surgeons in the American College of Surgeons
Authors: Coleman Julia R. , Abdelsattar Jad M. , Glocker Roan J. , Carmichael Heather , Vigneshwar Navin G. , Ryan Randi , Qiu Qiong , Nayyar Apoorve , Visenio Michael R. , Sonntag Cheyenne C. , Chotai Pranit , Nikolian Vahagn C. , Ochoa Joana , Turner Patricia 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:
To better understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected surgical trainees' and early-career surgeons' professional and personal experiences, a survey of the membership of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) Resident and Associate Society (RAS) and Young Fellows Association (YFA) was performed.

STUDY DESIGN:
An anonymous online survey was disseminated to members of RAS and YFA. Descriptive analyses were performed and factors associated with depression and burnout were examined with univariate and multivariable stepwise logistic regression.

RESULTS:
Of the RAS/YFA membership of 21,385, there were 1,160 respondents. The majority of respondents (96%) reported the COVID-19 pandemic having a negative impact on their clinical experience, with 84% of residents reporting a > 50% reduction in operative volume and inability to meet minimum case requirements. Respondents also reported negative impacts on personal wellness. Nearly one-third reported inadequate access to personal protective equipment, and depression and burnout were pervasive (≥21% of respondents reported yes to every screening symptom). On multivariable analysis, female sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.54 for depression, OR 1.47 for burnout) and lack of wellness resources (OR 1.55 for depression, OR 1.44 for burnout) predicted depression and burnout. Access to adequate personal protective equipment was protective against burnout (OR 0.52).

CONCLUSIONS:
These data demonstrate a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of residents and early-career surgeons. Actionable items from these data include mitigation of burnout and depression through increasing personal protective equipment access and provision of wellness programs, with a particular focus on high-risk groups.
Isolation concepts applied to temporal clique enumeration
Authors: Molter Hendrik , Niedermeier Rolf , Renken Malte 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIsolation is a concept originally conceived in the context of clique enumeration in static networks, mostly used to model communities that do not have much contact to the outside world. Herein, a clique is considered isolated if it has few edges connecting it to the rest of the graph. Motivated by recent work on enumerating cliques in temporal networks, we transform the isolation concept to the temporal setting. We discover that the addition of the time dimension leads to six distinct natural isolation concepts. Our main contribution is the development of parameterized enumeration algorithms for five of these six isolation types for clique enumeration, employing the parameter “degree of isolation.” In a nutshell, this means that the more isolated these cliques are, the faster we can find them. On the empirical side, we implemented and tested these algorithms on (temporal) social network data, obtaining encouraging results.
Relatedness and the composition of communities over time: Evaluating phylogenetic community structure in the late Cenozoic record of bivalves
Authors: Chang Lucy M. , Skipwith Phillip L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms that prevent or promote the coexistence of taxa at local scales is critical to understanding how biodiversity is maintained. Competitive exclusion and environmental filtering are two processes thought to limit which taxa become established in a community. However, determining the relative importance of the two processes is a complex task, especially when the critical initial stages of colonization cannot be directly observed. Here, we explore the use of phylogenetic community structure for identifying filtering mechanisms in a fossil community. We integrated a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of bivalve genera with a spatial dataset of late Cenozoic bivalves from the Pacific coast of North America to characterize how the community that was present in the semirestricted San Joaquin Basin (SJB) embayment of present-day California was phylogenetically structured. We employed phylogenetic distance-based metrics across six time bins spanning 27–2.5 Ma and found no evidence of significant clustering or evenness in the SJB community when compared with communities randomly assembled from the regional source pool. Additionally, we found that new colonizers into the SJB were not significantly more or less closely related to native taxa than expected by chance. These findings suggest that neither competitive exclusion nor environmental filtering were overwhelmingly influential factors shaping the composition of the SJB community over time. We further discuss interpretations of these patterns in light of current understandings in community phylogenetics and reiterate the critical role historical perspectives play in how community assembly rules are assessed.
Relationships of mass properties and body proportions to locomotor habit in terrestrial Archosauria
Authors: Bishop Peter J. , Bates Karl T. , Allen Vivian R. , Henderson Donald M. , Randau Marcela , Hutchinson John R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThroughout their 250 Myr history, archosaurian reptiles have exhibited a wide array of body sizes, shapes, and locomotor habits, especially in regard to terrestriality. These features make Archosauria a useful clade with which to study the interplay between body size, shape, and locomotor behavior, and how this interplay may have influenced locomotor evolution. Here, digital volumetric models of 80 taxa are used to explore how mass properties and body proportions relate to each other and locomotor posture in archosaurs. One-way, nonparametric, multivariate analysis of variance, based on the results of principal components analysis, shows that bipedal and quadrupedal archosaurs are largely distinguished from each other on the basis of just four anatomical parameters (p< 0.001): mass, center of mass position, and relative forelimb and hindlimb lengths. This facilitates the development of a quantitative predictive framework that can help assess gross locomotor posture in understudied or controversial taxa, such as the crocodile-lineBatrachotomus(predicted quadruped) andPostosuchus(predicted biped). Compared with quadrupedal archosaurs, bipedal species tend to have relatively longer hindlimbs and a more caudally positioned whole-body center of mass, and collectively exhibit greater variance in forelimb lengths. These patterns are interpreted to reflect differing biomechanical constraints acting on the archosaurianBauplanin bipedal versus quadrupedal groups, which may have shaped the evolutionary histories of their respective members.
The Academy of Ancient Music (1726–1802): Its History, Repertoire and Surviving Programmes
Authors: Johnstone H. Diack 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt was way back in the mid-1960s that I first became interested in the Academy of Ancient Music, and I have been collecting stray scraps of information relating to them ever since. Fifty years on, methinks it’s high time I shared my findings with the world of eighteenth-century musical scholarship at large. Others meanwhile have dealt with various bits of the story, but no one so far as I know has yet attempted to bring it all together in one place. What follows here is in three self-contained parts and two appendices. The first part surveys the history of the society from cradle to grave so to speak, and deals with all the main personalities and events involved. The second, and by far the longest, part provides details of all the Academy programmes known to have survived together with various references to be found in diaries, letters and other manuscript material of the period; there is also, for the 1780s and 90s in particular, a good deal of supporting comment in the London newspapers. Also duly noted in this section are the present-day whereabouts of all those individual works that can be identified as having once formed part of its celebrated library. Part III is an editorial conflation of the 1761 and 1768 editions of The Words of such pieces as are most usually performed by the Academy of Ancient Music (plus a short and hitherto unnoticed addition to the latter to be found only in some copies), and keyed to it are the dates of all known performances tabled in Part II. Appendix A provides an annotated list of all those who were named as subscribers on 9 April 1730. This is the last such list to have survived, and here, for the first time, an attempt has been made to identify those various City merchants, clerics and others who are not among those well-known musicians usually named as being members. Appendix B refers to an interesting document now in the Lewis Walpole Library at Yale. It contains not only the names of the subscribers to the 1785–86 season but also a list of all those singers and instrumentalists who were employed by the Academy in 1786–87 (and how much they were paid). Only the latter, however, is reproduced here, and its content has been reordered in the interests of greater clarity. Standard RISM sigla are used for all but a very few library references.
The effect of cranberry consumption on lipid metabolism and inflammation in human apo A-I transgenic mice fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet
Authors: Caceres Christian , Kim Mi-Bo , Bae Minkyung , Pham Tho X. , Lee Yoojin , Hu Siqi , O’Neill Edward N. , Kim Bohkyung , Park Young-Ki , Lee Ji-Young 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLipid metabolism and inflammation contribute to CVD development. This study investigated whether the consumption of cranberries (CR; Vaccinium macrocarpon) can alter HDL metabolism and prevent inflammation in mice expressing human apo A-I transgene (hApoAITg), which have similar HDL profiles to those of humans. Male hApoAITg mice were fed a modified American Institute of Nutrition-93M high-fat/high-cholesterol diet (16 % fat, 0·25 % cholesterol, w/w; n 15) or the high-fat/high-cholesterol diet containing CR (5 % dried CR powder, w/w, n 16) for 8 weeks. There were no significant differences in body weight between the groups. Serum total cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and TAG concentrations were significantly lower in the control than CR group with no significant differences in serum HDL-cholesterol and apoA-I. Mice fed CR showed significantly lower serum lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase activity than the control. Liver weight and steatosis were not significantly different between the groups, but hepatic expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism was significantly lower in the CR group. In the epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), the CR group showed higher weights with decreased expression of genes for lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. The mRNA abundance of F4/80, a macrophage marker and the numbers of crown-like structures were less in the CR group. In the soleus muscle, the CR group also demonstrated higher expression of genes for fatty acid β-oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis than those of the control. In conclusion, although CR consumption elicited minor effects on HDL metabolism, it prevented obesity-induced inflammation in eWAT with concomitant alterations in soleus muscle energy metabolism.
New host and geographical records for Parafilaroides normani (Nematoda: Filaroididae) Dailey, 2009 in South American fur seal, Arctocephalus australis, from southern Brazil
Authors: Echenique J. , Pereira E. , Prado J. , Schild A.L. , Valente A.L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Lungworms are a common finding in seals and fur seals around the world. However, from existing records, the biogeographical distribution of filaroid helminths appears to be restricted, and these parasites are endemic in only certain areas and species, mainly in the Northern Hemisphere. The occurrence of infection in pinniped species in the Southern Hemisphere is scarce. The objective of this work is to verify the prevalence of lungworms in Arctocephalus australis in waters off the southern coast of Brazil. Twenty subadult specimens of A. australis found recently dead on the southern coast of Brazil were necropsied and their lungs were examined. Parasitic cysts were found in only one specimen (prevalence of 5%). The helminths were morphologically identified as Parafilaroides normani (Metastrongyloidea: Filaroididae). This helminth species has been reported in pinnipeds from Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. This is the first record of P. normani in A. australis and for the western South Atlantic, providing additional data regarding the biogeographic distribution of the parasite.
Race–gender bias in white Americans’ preferences for gun availability
Authors: Hayes Matthew , Fortunato David , Hibbing Matthew V. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe argue that Americans’ policy attitudes on firearm availability are influenced by the identity of the prospective owner. We use an experiment to demonstrate that attitudes towards gun control/availability are influenced by both race and gender; whether subjects are primed to think of African-Americans versus whites or men versus women has a substantial impact on the degree to which they support firearm access. We find that for many white Americans, Black men and white women stand on opposite poles – priming white Americans with the thought of a Black man decreases support for gun availability, whereas priming the thought of a white woman increases support for gun availability. Further, the magnitude of this effect is quite large – comparable to the difference between Democrats and Republicans. These findings underscore the importance of thinking about the complicated role identity groups play in understanding Americans’ preferences for government (in)action, even in policy areas with explicit Constitutional mandates.
Non-torsion non-algebraic classes in the Brown–Peterson tower
Authors: KAMEKO MASAKI 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGeneralising the classical work of Atiyah and Hirzebruch on non-algebraic classes, recently Quick proved the existence of torsion non-algebraic elements in the Brown–Peterson tower. We construct non-torsion non-algebraic elements in the Brown–Peterson tower for the prime number 2.
A small whale reveals diversity of the Eocene cetacean fauna of Antarctica
Authors: Davydenko Svitozar , Mörs Thomas , Gol'din Pavel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCetacean fossils have been recorded from middle and late Eocene deposits on Seymour Island since the beginning of the twentieth century and include fully aquatic Basilosauridae and stem Neoceti. Here, we report a small cetacean vertebra tentatively referred to as Neoceti from the late Eocene of Seymour Island. It shows a mosaic of traits, some of which are characteristic of early Neoceti (anteroposteriorly long transverse processes; a ventral keel on the ventral side of the centrum; thin pedicles of the neural arch), whereas others are shared with Basilosauridae (low-placed bases of the transverse processes). However, some traits are unique and may be autapomorphic: presence of separate prezygapophyses on the vertebra at the thoracic/lumbar boundary and a proportionally short centrum. Both traits imply a fast swimming style, which is characteristic of modern dolphins rather than Eocene cetaceans. Thus, this specimen can be identified as Neoceti indet., with some hypothetical odontocete affinities. Along with a few other Eocene whale taxa, it seems to be among the earliest known members of Neoceti on Earth. The finding of small and fast-swimming Neoceti in Antarctica also demonstrates early diversification of cetaceans and ecological niche partitioning by them dating back as early as the late Eocene.
Impacts of climate shocks on household consumption and inequality in India
Authors: Aggarwal Raavi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of climate shocks, measured as temperature and precipitation variability, on real monthly per capita consumption expenditure of Indian households over the 1988–2012 period, utilising data from the National Sample Survey Organisation's Consumer Expenditure Surveys. The regression results show an increase in consumption by 1.2 per cent on average, in response to a one standard deviation rise in temperature, with heterogeneous impacts across economic sectors. While agricultural and industrial households experience consumption declines of 1.7 per cent and 8.3 per cent on average, service sector households exhibit consumption increases by 2.4–9.6 per cent on average across rural and urban regions, in response to a one standard deviation rise in temperature. The analysis suggests an increase in inequality of consumption across sectors due to climatic shocks, with implications for climate policy and sustainable development in India.