bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Differential Expression of Genes Induced by Radiation Therapy In Cancer-associated fibroblasts Cell on Patients' Prognosis
Authors: Xu Jiasheng , Liao Kaili , Nie Han , Xue Danni , Wang Xiaozhong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To investigate the effect of radiation therapy on differential expression of genes in tumor-associated fibroblasts and prognosis of patients.Methods: The tumor-associated fibroblast gene expression profile data chip GSE37318 after radiotherapy treatment was retrieved from the GEO database, and the differentially expressed genes were screened using the limma R software package; GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed using the DAVID tool; Protein interaction networks was built by String and Cytoscape software and core genes were obtained; GEPIA was used for prognostic value analysis; Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of the top 5 hub genes in tumor tissues of patients in the radiotherapy and non-radiotherapy groups.Results: 144 genes were up-regulated and 54 genes were down-regulated, which were mainly enriched in functional pathways such as cell stress, DNA damage, cell cycle, aging, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and p53 signaling pathway. The protein interaction network was constructed and the top 20 hub genes were obtained. Prognostic analysis showed that: Expression of up-regulated PCNA and hub genes that were down-regulated after irradiation, such as MCM10, DLGAP5, FANCI, CENPA, CDC6, FBXO5, NCAPG, and DTL, has a negative correlation with the overall survival time of lung cancer patients (p <0.05). Immunohistochemical results showed that PCNA gene expression was up-regulated in patients with radiotherapy compared with patients without radiotherapy. The test results are consistent with the results of the biochemical analysis.Conclusion: Radiotherapy can induce differential expression of genes in tumor-associated fibroblasts, and these differentially expressed genes can be used as potential molecular markers for tumor radiotherapy effect and patient prognosis.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Afghanistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Akhtar Sohail , Nasir Jamal Abdul , Javed Amara , Saleem Mariyam , Sajjad Sundas , Khan Momna , wadood Abdul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of diabetes and its associated risk factors in Afghanistan through a systematic review and meta–analysis.
Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted using EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar and the Cochrane library, carried out from inception to April 31 2020, without language restriction. Meta–analysis was performed using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse variance weighting. The existence of publication bias was initially assessed by visual inspection of a funnel plot and then tested by the Egger regression test. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were used to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review was reported by following the PRISMA guidelines and the methodological quality of each included study was evaluated using the STROBE guidelines.
Results

Out of 64 potentially relevant studies, only 10 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were considered for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of diabetes in the general population based on population-based studies were 12.14% (95% CI: 10.06–14.39%), based on a pooled sample of 11,699 individuals. Results of univariate meta-regression analysis revealed that the prevalence of diabetes increased with mean age, hypertension and obesity. There was no significant association between sex (male vs female), smoking, the methodological quality of included articles or education (illiterate vs literate) and the prevalence of diabetes.
Conclusions

This meta-analysis reports a relatively high prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan, with the highest prevalence in Kandahar and the lowest in Balkh province. The main risk factors include increasing age, obesity and hypertension. Community-based care and preventive training programmes are recommended.
Trial registration:

This review was registered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020172624).
Social Inequalities in Heat-attributable Mortality in the City of Turin, Northwest of Italy: A Time Series Analysis From 1982 to 2018
Authors: Ellena Marta , Ballester Joan , Mercogliano Paola , Ferracin Elisa , Barbato Giuliana , Costa Giuseppe , Ingole Vijendra 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundUnderstanding context specific heat-health risks in urban areas is important, especially given anticipated severe increases in summer temperatures due to climate change effects. We investigate social inequalities in the association between daily temperatures and mortality in summer in the city of Turin for the period 1982-2018 among different social and demographic group such as sex, age, educational level, marital status and household occupants. Methods Mortality data are represented by individual all-cause mortality counts for the summer months between 1982 and 2018. Socioeconomic level and daily mean temperature were assigned to each deceased. A time series Poisson regression with distributed lag non-linear models was fitted to capture the complex nonlinear dependency between daily mortality and temperature in summer. The mortality risk due to heat was represented by the Relative Risk (RR) at the 99th percentile of daily summer temperatures for each population subgroup. Results All-cause mortality risk was higher among women (1.88; 95% CI= 1.77, 2.00) and the elderly (2.13; 95% CI=1.94, 2.33). With regard to education, the highest significant effects for men was observed among higher education levels (1.66; 1.38, 1.99), while risks for women were higher for the lower educational level (1.93; 1.79, 2.08). Results on marital status highlighted a stronger association for widower in men (1.66; 95%CI=1.38, 2.00) and for separated and divorced in women (2.11; 95%CI= 1.51, 2.94). The risk ratio of household occupants revealed a stronger association for men who lived alone (1.61; 95%CI=1.39, 1.86), while for women results are almost equivalent between alone and not alone groups. Conclusions The associations between heat and mortality were unequal across different aspects of social vulnerability, and, inter alia, factors influencing the population vulnerability to temperatures can be related to demographic, social, and economic aspects. A number of issues were identified and recommendations for the prioritisation of further research are provided.A better knowledge of these effect modifiers is needed to identify the axes of social inequality across the most vulnerable population sub-groups.
A survey of healthcare professionals’ treatment of patients with eating disorders and obesity in Saudi Arabia, and the availability of specialised resources
Authors: Alsabbah Amnah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: In developing countries (DCs) such as Saudi Arabia (SA), previous studies have considered EDs to be rare and related to westernised culture, where a thin physique is idolised. However, the rapid transition in lifestyles in DCs makes it reasonable to hypothesise that ED prevalence may be rising in these countries. Similarly, studies in SA show that obesity levels are increasing. However, studies that include the role of psychology for obesity management or in the assessments for metabolic surgeries (MS) are lacking. These deficiencies urge to measure this phenomenon in SA and develop additional management strategies for these disorders. A survey was designed to evaluate the number of referrals for EDs and obesity, the management and level of availability of ED specialists as reported by health care staff and the use of mental-health services in treating EDs and obesity. Methods: A total of 15 health services in SA were surveyed and a total of 123 survey questionnaires were completed by health professionals. Participants were asked to respond to a written survey that included questions regarding the number of referrals for EDs and obesity and available treatment as well as body mass index criteria for MS and the number of patients referred for these procedures. Results: Findings from this study add to those from a few previous studies revealing that all EDs are equally prevalent in diverse cultures. Additionally, this survey showed that the obesity rate is high, however, there is limited psychological interventions in this regard. Conclusion: The perspective of narrowing the cultural categories to either western or non-western countries when considering the aetiology of EDs without considering other socioeconomic factors needs to be changed. There is a requirement for specialised ED training, a need to identify a conceptual framework to provide evidence-based management and increase the levels of involvement of psychiatric professionals in the management of obesity. Although this study was conducted in one region, the results should be generalisable to other areas and to other non-westernised countries were EDs are considered rare. Key words: Eating disorders, Saudi Arabia, obesity, anorexia, bulimia nervosa, stigma, mental health, body image.
Research on Computer Wireless Network Assisted Industrial Design in Human-Computer Interaction
Authors: Shao Shide , Chang Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
With the introduction of computer-aided industrial design into industrial design, it has brought huge economic effects to people's production and life. Especially for enterprise companies, computer-aided industrial design has shortened the cycle of enterprise research and development, and at the same time improved the quality of products. However, in the information age, effective and timely communication of information is very important. How to achieve computer-aided industrial design and human error, timely and effective communication has become a research focus and difficulty. At present, the research on computer-aided industrial design of human-computer interaction is limited to the research of interface design and virtual simulation technology, and there are few research and innovations of theoretical methods. This article will explore computer-aided industrial design in human-computer interaction technology.This paper will specifically analyze the user target drive and user behavior driven design methods and give detailed steps and methods of computer-aided industrial design based on human-computer interaction. At the same time, this paper proposes a method of adding form design to man-machine performance in the computer man-machine form design, and then proposes product shape design based on data information. At the same time, based on this, the morphological man-machine design information space is constructed. Experiments show that the design method proposed in this paper has a good performance advantage in computer-aided industrial design of human-computer interaction.
Anxiety and Depression Symptoms of Patients in Fangcang Shelter Hospital During the COVID-19 Outbreak in China: a Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dai Ling-Ling , Wang Xi , Jiang Tian-Chi , Li Peng-Fei , Wang Yu , Wu Shu-Jun , Jia Liu-Qun , Liu Meng , An Lin , Cheng Zhe 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The COVID-19 pandemic is a major health crisis has led to adverse mental health consequences in the general public, medical staff, and individual in self isolation. In order to stop transmission of the virus and save lives, Fangcang shelter hospitals were developed and used for the first time in China. However, there is no research on mental health problems in Fangcang shelter hospitals patients during the COVID-19 outbreak. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence and major influencing factors of anxiety, depression among the hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Fangcang shelter hospital.
Methods

From February 23rd, 2020, to February 26th, 2020, we obtained the information of demographic data, clinical symptoms, and assessed the mental health status, sleep quality by using an online questionnaire including self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depressive scale (SDS) and pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) at Jianghan Fangcang shelter hospital. We assessed the prevalence of anxiety, depression symptoms and poor sleep quality via the scores of SAS, SDS and PSQI. We explored the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in COVID-19 patients using multivariable logistic regression models.
Results

We collected data from 307 COVID-19 patients in Jianghan Fangcang shelter hospital. The prevalence of anxiety, depression symptoms were 18.6% and 13.4%, respectively. Poor Sleep quality, number of current physical symptoms ≥ 2 were independent risk factors for anxiety symptoms (P < 0.05); female, family member confirmed COVID-19, number of current physical symptoms ≥ 2 were independent risk factors for depression symptoms (P < 0.05). PSQI scores were significant positively associate with SAS scores and SDS scores (P ༜ 0.05).
Conclusions

Anxiety and depression are common among the COVID-19 patients in Fangcang shelter hospital. Those with more current physical symptoms, poor sleep quality are more likely to have anxiety. Females, those with their family members diagnosed with COVID-19, more current physical symptoms are more vulnerable to depression symptom. Our findings can be used to formulate targeted psychological interventions to reduce adverse psychological impacts in Fangcang shelter hospital during the outbreak of epidemic disease in the future.
Adequacy of public health communications and health propaganda on the prevention of coronavirus disease in Jiangsu province: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Fei Jiaojiao , Cheng Hongyan , Li Yanhua , Gao Weifei , Dai Guanqun , Xu Yanling , Zhan Yiyang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To measure the public’s awareness of COVID-19 and evaluate the adequacy of public health communications and health propaganda on the prevention of coronavirus disease in Jiangsu province.Methods: We made an electronic questionnaire and launched the survey during February 12 to March 12, 2020. Respondents were randomly selected and recruited from thirteen cities in Jiangsu province. An opportunistic sampling approach was also used to recruit new participants or members in the same household through referrals from existing participants. Data was collected through the “Questionnaire Star” system. SPSS24.0 version was used for data statistical analysis.Result：The effective response rate of completing questionnaire was 97.14% (2650/2728). Compared with traditional media such as TV (51.43%) and newspaper (14.91%), participants were more willing to choose new media such as websites (71.17%) and social platforms such as We-Chat (73.96%) to obtained health information. Chi-square test showed that women (54.14% vs. 48.49%), the 20-50 age group (24.22% vs. 22.94%, 32.69% vs. 31.40%, 28.92 vs. 27.77%) and urban residents (61.42% vs. 59.85%) had higher COVID-19 preventive knowledge level, urban residents had better attitude (60.29% vs. 59.85%), women (53.53% vs. 51.51%), the 30-50 age group (33.14% vs. 31.40%, 29.00% vs. 27.77%)), urban residents (61.50% vs. 59.85%) had good behavior. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that gender (females vs. males, OR=2.226, OR 95%CI: 1.346-3.682, P<0.001), age groups (<50 vs. >50 years old: OR=0.689, OR 95%CI: 0.561-0.847, P<0.001), areas (urban vs. suburban: OR=0.359, OR 95%CI: 0.219-0.588, P<0.001), knowledge level (high vs. low: OR=1.259: OR 95%CI: 1.188-1.335, P<0.001), and attitude (good vs. bad: OR=0.462 OR 95%CI: 0.342-0.626, P<0.001) were associated with good behaviors. The moderating effect and mediating effect shows that attitude mediates the influence of knowledge on behavior. (The 95% interval does not include the number 0(OR95% CI:0.002-0.013). All means of health propaganda can modulate the influence between knowledge and behavior (P<0.001).Conclusions: Providing adequacy of health propaganda and public health communications on the prevention of coronavirus disease makes the public fully understand the knowledge of COVID-19 and lead them to take preventive actions.
Clinical presentations, laboratory and radiological findings, and treatments for 11,028 COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wong Carlos K.H. , Wong Janet Y. , Tang Eric H.M. , Au Chi Ho , Wai Abraham K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the comorbidities, symptoms, clinical characteristics and treatment of COVID-19 patients.Method: Epidemiological studies published in 2020 (from January-March) on the clinical presentation, laboratory findings and treatments of COVID-19 patients were identified from PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase databases. Studies published in English by 27th March, 2020 with original data were included. A random-effects model was used to aggregate estimates across eligible studies and produce meta-analytic estimates. Primary outcomes included comorbidities of COVID-19 patients, their symptoms presented on hospital admission, laboratory results and radiological outcomes, and pharmacological and in-patient treatments.Results: 77 studies were included in this meta-analysis, accounting for a total of 11,028 COVID- 19 patients in multiple countries. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (18.1%, 95%CI: 15.4-20.8%). The most frequently identified symptoms were fever (72.4%, 95%CI: 67.2-77.7%) and cough (55.5%, 95%CI: 50.7-60.3%). For pharmacological treatment, 63.9% (95%CI: 52.5-75.3%), 62.4% (95%CI: 47.9-76.8%) and 29.7% (95%CI: 21.8-37.6%) of patients were given antibiotics, antiviral, and corticosteroid, respectively. Notably, 62.6% (95%CI: 39.9- 85.4%) and 20.2% (95%CI: 14.6-25.9%) of in-patients received oxygen therapy and non- invasive mechanical ventilation, respectively.Conclusions: This meta-analysis informed healthcare providers about the timely status of characteristics and treatments of COVID-19 patients across different countries.PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020176589
Vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID -19. Are we doing enough? A retrospective analysis of 226 patients.
Authors: Cuñat Tomás , Ojeda Antonio , Calvo Andrea 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is common in critically ill patients, and its role in COVID-19 patients could be important. Its deficiency has been associated with respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis (through activation of the renin-angiotensin system), increased levels of IL-2, and cardiovascular adverse events. Various scientific societies recommend the screening of vitamin D in individuals at risk for deficiency. Despite that, the demographics of Vitamin D levels amongst critically ill patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 are currently unknown. We propose a study to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a consecutive population of COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units and to evaluate its relationship with clinical outcomes. We study 226 COVID-19 patients between March 16 and April 26, 2020. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency could not be determined because the value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was obtained in a few patients (17 patients, 7,5%). However, all patients with serum determinations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D presented a level lower than 20 ng/ml and thirteen patients (76,5%) levels < 12,5 ng/ml. We conclude that undiagnosed vitamin D deficiency is common in critically ill COVID-19 patients, and physicians should be conscious of the relevance of its monitoring and supplementation.
Quantitative Chest CT analysis in COVID-19 to predict the need for oxygenation support and intubation
Authors: LANZA EZIO , Muglia Riccardo , Bolengo Isabella , Santonocito Orazio Giuseppe , Lisi Costanza , Angelotti Giovanni , Morandini Pierandrea , Savevski Victor , Politi Letterio Salvatore , Balzarini Luca 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Lombardy (Italy) was the epicentre of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. The healthcare system suffered from a shortage of ICU beds and oxygenation support devices. In our Institution, most patients received chest CT at admission, only interpreted visually. Given the proven value of Quantitative CT analysis (QCT) in the setting of ARDS, we tested QCT as an outcome predictor for COVID-19.METHODS: We performed a single centre retrospective study on COVID-19 patients hospitalized from January 25th, 2020 to April 28th 2020, who received CT at admission prompted by respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea or desaturation. QCT was performed using a semi-automated method (3D-Slicer). Lungs were divided by Hounsfield Unit intervals. Compromised lung (%CL) volume was the sum of poorly and non-aerated volumes (-500,100HU). We collected patient’s clinical data including oxygenation support throughout hospitalization.RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-two patients (163 males, median age 66, IQR 54-6) were included; 75% received oxygenation support (20% intubation rate). Compromised lung volume was the most accurate outcome predictor (logistic regression, p<0.001). %CL values in the 6-23% range increased risk of oxygenation support; values above 23% were at risk for intubation. %CL showed a negative correlation with PaO2/FiO2 ratio (p<.001) and was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality (p<.001)CONCLUSIONS: QCT provides new metrics of COVID-19. The compromised lung volume is accurate in predicting the need for oxygenation support and intubation and is a significant risk factor for in-hospital death. QCT may serve as a tool for the triaging process of COVID-19.
Semantic Interoperability for Context-Aware Autonomous Control using IoT and Edge Computing
Authors: Malik Kaleem Razzaq , Khan Iqra Iqbal , Aloufi Khalid S. , Chouikhi Naima , Hussain Amir 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The exponential development of Internet of things (IoT) services over edge computing and cloud networks has increased the utilities of remote monitoring, control systems, continuous maintenance and effective utilization of services for applications, such as smart cities. However, data modelling is required to manage such heterogeneous data sources. IoT applications gather data from diverse sources. These applications sometimes obtain data in the form of datasets. Heterogeneous datasets are used for various purposes, and the issue of semantic interoperability arises. Therefore, this paper presents an empirical study of IoT-based semantic interoperability. This study aims at combining portable and fixed sensors with an intermediate microcontroller module and annotating data semantically for the smart autonomous environment, smart home. A context model is devised for developing a mechanism over an ontology schema for managing and passing controlling and monitoring messages to home appliances effectively. The proposed model integrates the environment with the context of a person in a smart autonomous environment for efficient energy consumption and enhanced living context model experience.