bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural design of floodways under extreme flood loading
Authors: Greene Isaac , Lokuge Weena , Karunasena Warna 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
Current methods for floodway design are predominately based on hydrological and hydraulic design principles. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a finite element methods approach for the inclusion of a simplified structural design method into floodway design procedures.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses a three-dimensional finite element method to investigate numerically the different parameters, geometric configurations and loading combinations which cause floodway vulnerability during extreme flood events. The worst-case loading scenario is then used as the basis for design from which several structural design charts are deduced. These charts enable design bending moments and shear forces to be extracted and the cross-sectional area of steel and concrete to be designed in accordance with the relevant design codes for strength, serviceability and durability.

Findings
It was discovered that the analysed floodway structure is most vulnerable when impacted by a 4-tonne boulder, a 900 mm cut-off wall depth and with no downstream rock protection. Design charts were created, forming a simplified structural design process to strengthen the current hydraulic design approach provided in current floodway design guidelines. This developed procedure is demonstrated through application with an example floodway structural design.

Originality/value
The deduced structural design process will ensure floodway structures have adequate structural resilience, aiding in reduced maintenance and periods of unserviceability in the wake of extreme flood events.
Interpersonal competition in organization: an investigation of antecedents
Authors: Lee Hyung-Woo 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the antecedents of the competitive pressure felt by individuals in organizations.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this study are obtained from workers from multiple firms in various industries.FindingsThe results indicate that employees have a strong feeling of competitive anxiety and a sense of rivalry when their tasks are interdependent to one another, when they have a competition-oriented personality and when the relative evaluation scale is used for performance appraisal. The perceived proportion of performance pay only increased the sense of rivalry, while it did not increase the competitive anxiety. Also, intrinsic motivation and transformational leadership help mitigate both competitive anxiety and sense of rivalry.Practical implicationsThe author recommends that managers utilize these factors to maintain an appropriate level of competition depending on their organizations' needs.Originality/valueThe original value of this study lies in its attempt to examine how competitive mindset is developed among interpersonal relationships in organizations.
Prioritization of interdependent uncertainties in projects
Authors: Qazi Abroon , Dikmen Irem , Birgonul M. Talat 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address the limitations of conventional risk matrix based tools such that both positive and negative connotation of uncertainty could be captured within a unified framework that is capable of modeling the direction and strength of causal relationships across uncertainties and prioritizing project uncertainties as both threats and opportunities.Design/methodology/approachTheoretically grounded in the frameworks of Bayesian belief networks (BBNs) and interpretive structural modeling (ISM), this paper develops a structured process for assessing uncertainties in projects. The proposed process is demonstrated by a real application in the construction industry.FindingsProject uncertainties must be prioritized on the basis of their network-wide propagation impact within a network setting of interacting threats and opportunities. Prioritization schemes neglecting interdependencies across project uncertainties might result in selecting sub-optimal strategies. Selection of strategies should focus on both identifying common cause uncertainty triggers and establishing the strength of interdependency between interconnected uncertainties.Originality/valueThis paper introduces a novel approach that integrates both facets of project uncertainties within a project uncertainty network so that decision makers can prioritize uncertainty factors considering the trade-off between threats and opportunities as well as their interactions. The ISM based development of the network structure helps in identifying common cause uncertainty triggers whereas the modeling of a BBN makes it possible to visualize the propagation impact of uncertainties within a network setting. Further, the proposed approach utilizes risk matrix data for project managers to be able to adopt this approach in practice. The proposed process can be used by practitioners while developing uncertainty management strategies, preparing risk management plans and formulating their contract strategy.
Financial reporting quality and share price movement-evidence from listed companies in Bangladesh
Authors: Rashid Md. Mamunur 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of financial reporting quality (FRQ) on share price movement (SPM) of listed companies in an emerging and developing economy – Bangladesh.

Design/methodology/approach
The study analyzed 296 annual reports for the year 2015 and 2016 in examining the effect of FRQ on SPM. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model is used to examine the hypothesized relationship among the variables. A modified version of Lang et al. (2003) has been adopted in measuring the SPM. FRQ is measured using the qualitative characteristics approach as defined by the International Financial Reporting Standard Framework and used by Beest et al. (2009) and Braam and Beest (2013).

Findings
The study finds a positive association (though not significant statistically) between the FRQ and SPM in the country’s leading stock exchange (Dhaka stock exchange). Furthermore, the effect of enhancing quality on SPM is found to be stronger as compared to fundamental quality. Majority of the FRQ constructs demonstrate an improvement in the quality score in the year 2016 as compared to 2015 except for relevance.

Research limitations/implications
The key limitation of the study is that it focuses only on two years (2015 and 2016) annual reports data in measuring FRQ and its effect on SPM.

Originality/value
The study uses qualitative characteristics approach in measuring the FRQ and to examine its effect on SPM using the context of an emerging and developing economy – the case of Bangladesh.
Understanding family carer experiences of advanced dementia caregiving in India: towards a vision for integrated practice
Authors: Ritchie Louise , Jack-Waugh Anna , Sanatombi Devi Elsa , V Binil , George Anice , Henry Joyce , Martis Clarita Shynal , Gangopadhyay Debjani , Tolson Debbie 
Published: May 2020

PurposeMany individual and family hardships are associated with poorly understood palliative care needs arising from advanced dementia within India. The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of people in India affected by advanced dementia and to shape educational approaches for practitioners and the local community.Design/methodology/approachThree focus groups with family carers of people (n = 27) with advanced dementia were undertaken with local communities in South India. One focus group was carried out in English and two in the local language (Kannada) and translated to English.FindingsThe findings of the focus groups are presented in four themes, conditions of caring, intersecting vulnerabilities, desperate acts of care and awareness of education and training needs. These themes highlight the challenges faced by family carers of people with advanced dementia and describe the potential harm, abuse and poor mental well-being facing both the person with dementia and the family carer as a result of their situation.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a need to explore ways to ensure inclusivity and sensitivity in the research process and enable equal participation from all participants.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight a lack of support for family carers of people with advanced dementia and demonstrate the need for dementia-specific integrated and palliative care approaches in India.Originality/valueThis paper provides insight into the experiences and challenges facing family caregivers of people living with advanced dementia in India to shape practitioner education in a way that will underpin effective dementia-specific palliation and integrated services.
The perceived psychological stressors and coping behaviours in university students, on a pre-registration programme
Authors: Mitchell Andrew E.P. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate perceived stressors and coping behaviours in student nurses on a pre-registration programme of study. Stress in student nurses has been identified with decreased emotional well-being and poor academic achievement. The significance of stress and coping behaviours in students during training has implications for education and practice.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study recruited 87 pre-registration student nurses in a cross-sectional design. Bivariate and multivariate analyses assessed the differences in field and year of study and the students’ perceived stress and coping behaviours.

Findings
The findings showed that stress is a significant issue in nurse training. Fifty-three per cent of the participants had levels higher than the mean. Interestingly, the present study found that high-perceived stress was associated with avoidance behaviours. The most common type of perceived stress and ranked by highest factor were from written assignments and a lack of professional skills and knowledge. Their peer group and everyday life activities were shown as potential ways of coping with stressors. Thus, it seems reasonable to focus support on decreasing avoidant and enhancing stress-reducing behaviours.

Practical implications
Psychological stress and coping behaviours must be considered together, as perceived stress is bound by the ability to ameliorate stress by managing helpful and unhelpful behaviours.

Originality/value
The findings may suggest that a potential benefit could come from the provision of helpful strategies such as peer group support and reduction of avoidant behaviours. Also, there seems to be a need for greater mental health literacy in dealing with stress during training.
Well-being in later life: a life course perspective
Authors: Prakitsuwan Pattharanitcha , Moschis George P. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This study aims to illustrate the viability of the life course paradigm (LCP), which is increasingly used by social and behavioral scientists to study a wide variety of phenomena, as a framework for studying the transformational role of service consumption in improving consumer well-being in later life.

Design/methodology/approach
The LCP is used to develop a life course model for studying the effects of service consumption on older people’s well-being. Previous research related to the consumption of specific types of services (financial and healthcare) is integrated within the multi-theoretical LCP to suggest relevant model variables and derive a set of propositions for illustrating the effects of service consumption on older adults’ well-being.

Findings
The research presented in this study shows how efforts to study the effects of service consumption on older people’s well-being can be improved by using the LCP, helps understand the onset and changes in service consumption patterns and illustrates an innovative way to study the role of services in promoting older consumer welfare.

Originality/value
By applying the principles and theoretical perspectives of the LCP, this study contributes to recent transformative service research efforts to better understand the impact of service consumption on people’s lives and the transformational role of services and service providers in improving consumer and societal welfare.
How emergency managers engage Twitter users during disasters
Authors: Xu Zhan 
Published: May 2020

PurposeNatural disasters are increasingly more frequent and intense, which makes it critical for emergency managers to engage social media users during crises. This study examined emergency official accounts' social media engagement at each disaster stage based on Fink's four-stage model of crisis and disaster: prodromal, acute, chronic and termination stages and linked topics and sentiments to engagement.Design/methodology/approachUsing text mining and sentiment analysis, 1,226 original tweets posted by 66 major emergency official Twitter accounts and more than 15,000 retweets elicited across the life cycle of Hurricane Irma were analyzed.FindingsResults identified the most engaging official accounts and tweets. Most tweets and the most engaging tweets were posted in the prodromal stage. Tweets related to certain topics were significantly more engaging than others. The most frequently tweeted topics by official accounts were less engaging than some seldom tweeted topics. Negative sentiment words increased the engagingness of the tweet. Sadness was the strongest predictor of tweet engagement. Tweets that contained fewer sadness words were more engaging. Fear was stronger in positively predicting tweet engagement than anger. Results also demonstrated that words for fear and anger were critical in engaging social media discussions in the prodromal stage. Words for sadness made the tweets less engaging in the chronic stage.Originality/valueThis study provided detailed instructions on how to increase the engagingness of emergency management official accounts during disasters using computational methods. Findings have practical implications for both emergency managers and crisis researchers.
Iranian Saudi rivalry over the regional role … Syria as a model
Authors: Awaad Aboubakr Fathy 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This study aims to highlight the dimensions of the rivalry over the regional role between two regional powers in the Middle East, and the impact of local, regional and international pressures of the Syrian crisis on the role performance of the competing forces.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on using “the role approach” as an analytical frame to benefit by the application of the theory of role. This approach allows the possibility of linking various analytical levels, both in clarifying the relationship between internal and external factors and showing the interaction between elements of perception, abilities and behavior.

Findings
The international pressures shall remain governing the frame of competition among the roles of the regional powers, through determining the course of competition and its direct impact on its results.

Originality/value
This study examines the phenomenon of regional rivalry between two distinct and competing regional powers, in a turbulent environment in the wake of the Arab Spring crises, which created opportunities and challenges for regional powers, especially in Syria, where it intersected with the interests and policies of major and regional powers.
Separation of PP‐ and PS‐wave reflected seismic data using two‐dimensional finite offset common‐reflection‐surface traveltime approximation
Authors: dos Santos Raphael Di Carlo Silva , Cruz João Carlos Ribeiro , Costa Manuel de Jesus dos Santos 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTRecently, the interest in PS‐converted waves has increased for several applications, such as sub‐basalt layer imaging, impedance estimates and amplitude‐versus‐offset analysis. In this study, we consider the problem of separation of PP‐ and PS‐waves from pre‐stacked multicomponent seismic data in two‐dimensional isotropic medium. We aim to demonstrate that the finite‐offset common‐reflection‐surface traveltime approximation is a good alternative for separating PP‐ and PS‐converted waves in common‐offset and common shot configurations by considering a two‐dimensional isotropic medium. The five parameters of the finite‐offset common‐reflection‐surface are firstly estimated through the inversion methodology called very fast simulated annealing, which estimates all parameters simultaneously. Next, the emergence angle, one of the inverted parameters, is used to build an analytical separation function of PP and PS reflection separation based on the wave polarization equations. Once the PP‐ and PS‐converted waves were separated, the sections are stacked to increase the signal‐to‐noise ratio using the special curves derived from finite‐offset common‐reflection‐surface approximation. We applied this methodology to a synthetic dataset from simple‐layered to complex‐structured media. The numerical results showed that the inverted parameters of the finite offset common‐reflection‐surface and the separation function yield good results for separating PP‐ and PS‐converted waves in noisy common‐offset and common shot gathers.
Deep neural network application for 4D seismic inversion to changes in pressure and saturation: Optimizing the use of synthetic training datasets
Authors: Côrte Gustavo , Dramsch Jesper , Amini Hamed , MacBeth Colin 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIn this work, we tackle the challenge of quantitative estimation of reservoir dynamic property variations during a period of production, directly from four‐dimensional seismic data in the amplitude domain. We employ a deep neural network to invert four‐dimensional seismic amplitude maps to the simultaneous changes in pressure, water and gas saturations. The method is applied to a real field data case, where, as is common in such applications, the data measured at the wells are insufficient for properly training deep neural networks, thus, the network is trained on synthetic data. Training on synthetic data offers much freedom in designing a training dataset, therefore, it is important to understand the impact of the data distribution on the inversion results. To define the best way to construct a synthetic training dataset, we perform a study on four different approaches to populating the training set making remarks on data sizes, network generality and the impact of physics‐based constraints. Using the results of a reservoir simulation model to populate our training datasets, we demonstrate the benefits of restricting training samples to fluid flow consistent combinations in the dynamic reservoir property domain. With this the network learns the physical correlations present in the training set, incorporating this information into the inference process, which allows it to make inferences on properties to which the seismic data are most uncertain. Additionally, we demonstrate the importance of applying regularization techniques such as adding noise to the synthetic data for training and show a possibility of estimating uncertainties in the inversion results by training multiple networks.
Amrubicin in previously treated patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma: A phase II study
Authors: Ikeda Takaya , Takemoto Shinnosuke , Senju Hiroaki , Gyotoku Hiroshi , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Shimada Midori , Dotsu Yosuke , Umeyama Yasuhiro , Tomono Hiromi , Kitazaki Takeshi , Fukuda Masaaki , Soda Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Fukuda Minoru , Mukae Hiroshi 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of amrubicin for previously treated malignant pleural mesothelioma.MethodsThe eligibility criteria were: previously treated unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma; performance status 0–1; age ≤ 75; adequate hematological, hepatic, and renal function. The patients were injected with 35 mg/m2 amrubicin on days one, two, and three every 3–4 weeks. The planned number of patients was 32.ResultsThe study was terminated due to delay in enrollment and 10 patients were subsequently enrolled (nine males and one female; median age 67 [range 49–73]), of which four had epithelioid tumors, three had sarcomatoid tumors and three had biphasic tumors, respectively. According to the International Mesothelioma Interest Group (IMIG), one, four, and four patients had stage II, III, and IV, respectively, and one had postoperative recurrence. There was one (10%) partial response, four (40%) had stable disease, and five (50%) patients exhibited disease progression. The overall response and disease control rates were 10% (95% CI: 0.3–44.5%) and 60% (95% CI: 26.2–87.8%), respectively. The median progression‐free survival time was 1.6 months. The median overall survival time was 6.6 months, and the one‐, two‐, and three‐year survival rates were 23%, 23%, and 0%, respectively. The observed grade 3 or 4 toxicities included neutropenia in six (60%) patients; leukopenia in five (50%) patients; and febrile neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and pneumonia in one (10%) patient each.ConclusionsThere was not enough data to evaluate the efficacy because the study was terminated early. However, amrubicin showed limited activity andacceptable toxicities when used in previously treated malignant pleural mesothelioma patients.
Does Alcohol Initiation in Early‐To‐Middle Adolescence Predict Changes in Reward Motivation? Evidence of Sex Differences
Authors: Mauro Kelsey L. , Goncalves Stefanie F. , Sinha Rajita , Ansell Emily , Chaplin Tara M. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundReward motivation has been cross‐sectionally correlated with adolescent alcohol use, but the temporal nature of this relationship remains unclear. This project sought to determine whether adolescent alcohol initiation longitudinally predicted changes in reward motivation and behavioral inhibition from early to middle adolescence, and explored the role of adolescent sex in this prediction.MethodsA total of 180 11‐ to 14‐year‐olds were recruited and then followed for 3 years to age 14 to 17. Participants self‐reported their alcohol use at all time points. We selected participants who were alcohol‐naïve at Baseline (early adolescence) and then grouped them based on whether or not they reported alcohol initiation by Year 3 (Y3: middle adolescence). Adolescents completed self‐report and experimental (delay discounting) measures of reward motivation and self‐report measures of behavioral inhibition at Baseline and Y3.ResultsAdolescents’ alcohol initiation significantly predicted higher Y3 self‐reported reward motivation on one measure. Additionally, a significant sex × alcohol initiation interaction was found predicting Y3 task‐based reward motivation (delay discounting), with boys’ alcohol initiation predicting increased bias toward immediate reward at Y3. There was also a sex × alcohol initiation interaction predicting behavioral inhibition, with girls’ alcohol initiation predicting higher behavioral inhibition at Y3.ConclusionsResults suggest that alcohol initiation among adolescents might precede changes in reward motivation, and the effects of alcohol on reward and behavioral inhibition may differ by adolescent sex.