bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pea (Pisum sativum) allergy in children: Pis s 1 is an immunodominant major pea allergen and presents IgE binding sites with potential diagnostic value
Authors: Popp Jasmin , Trendelenburg Valérie , Niggemann Bodo , Randow Stefanie , Völker Elke , Vogel Lothar , Reuter Andreas , Spiric Jelena , Schiller Dirk , Beyer Kirsten , Holzhauser Thomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundFood allergy to pea (Pisum sativum) has been rarely studied in children at the clinical and molecular levels.ObjectiveTo elucidate the allergenic relevance and diagnostic value of pea 7S globulin Pis s 1, nsLTP, and 2S albumins PA1 and PA2 in children.MethodsChildren with pea‐specific IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/L and clinical evidence of pea allergy or tolerance were included in the study. IgE binding against pea total protein extract, recombinant (r) rPis s 1, rPA1, rPA2, and natural nsLTP was analysed using IgE immunoblot/inhibition. Mediator release potency was investigated in passively sensitized rat basophil leukaemia (RBL) 2H3‐cells. IgE binding to synthetic overlapping peptides of Pis s 1 was detected on multipeptide microarrays.Results19 pea‐sensitized children were included, 14 with doctors’ diagnosed allergy and 5 with tolerance to pea (median age 3.5 and 4.5 years, respectively). 11/14 (78%) pea‐allergic and 1/5 (20%) tolerant children were sensitized to Pis s 1. Under the reducing conditions of immunoblot analysis, IgE binding to rPA1 was negligible, sensitization to rPA2 and nsLTP undetectable. Compared to pea total protein extract, rPis s 1 displayed on average 58% IgE binding capacity and a 20‐fold higher mediator release potency. Selected Pis s 1‐related peptides displayed IgE binding in pea‐allergic but not in pea‐tolerant children.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceIn this study group, Pis s 1 is a major immunodominant allergen in pea‐allergic children. Evidence for sensitization to nsLTP and 2S albumins was low but requires further verification with regard to conformational epitopes. Recombinant Pis s 1 and related peptides which were exclusively recognized by pea‐allergic children may improve in vitro diagnosis of pea allergy once verified in prospective studies with larger study groups.
Computed tomography‐guided biopsy for sub‐centimetre lung nodules: Technical success and diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Li Yu , Wang Tao , Fu Yu‐Fei , Shi Yi‐Bing , Wang Jing‐Ya 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe differentiation of benign and malignant sub‐centimetre (≤10 mm) lung nodules (SCLNs) is challenging. Computed tomography (CT)‐guided biopsy has been widely used for the diagnosis of lung nodules or masses. However, studies regarding CT‐guided biopsies for SCLNs are still lacking.ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of CT‐guided biopsies for SCLNs.MethodsFrom December 2011 to October 2017, 102 patients with SCLNs underwent CT‐guided lung biopsies. Data on technical success, diagnostic performance and procedure‐related complications were collected and analysed.ResultsThe technical success rate of CT‐guided biopsy for SCLNs was 99% (101/102). One patient failed to undergo the procedure. A total of 101 SCLNs in 101 patients were examined. The biopsy diagnostic results included 38 malignant cases, 1 suspected malignant case, 5 specific benign cases and 57 non‐specific benign cases. The final diagnoses included 49 malignant cases, 49 benign cases and 3 cases of undiagnosed lesions. The sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy were 80% (39/49), 100% (49/49) and 90% (88/98), respectively. Based on the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, the independent risk factors for diagnostic failure were small tissue sample numbers (P = 0.048) and procedure‐related hemoptysis (P = 0.004). Pneumothorax was found in 13 patients (13%). Based on the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, the independent risk factor for pneumothorax was the decubitus position (P = 0.011). Hemoptysis was found in seven patients (7%).ConclusionsCT‐guided biopsy is a safe and highly accurate diagnostic method for SCLNs.
Thermal germination niches of Persoonia species and projected spatiotemporal shifts under a changing climate
Authors: Catelotti Katharine , Bino Gilad , Offord Cathy A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimSeasonal germination is critical in synchronizing seedling emergence with optimal conditions for survival but will be disrupted by climate change. Understanding how germination of threatened species with complex dormancy patterns will be affected by climate change is a priority for their management. By exploring the effects of temperature on germination for six Persoonia species ranging in rareness, this study aims to improve ex situ plant production and better understand the probable impacts of climate change on persistence of local populations.LocationSouth‐eastern Australia.MethodsThe role of temperature on seed dormancy was explored using generalized additive models to predict germination probabilities for six Persoonia species ranging in rarity. Embryos were exposed to 24‐hr cycles of alternating 12‐hr warmer/light and 12‐hr cooler/dark combinations of temperatures between 8°C and 45°C. Optimal temperature conditions for germination were determined, and spatiotemporal changes in germination probability were predicted in response to expected temperatures under future climate change scenarios.ResultsUnique germination niches representing complex responses across diurnal regimes were identified for each species. Germination probability was predicted to decline in four species in response to warmer day or night temperatures and in two species in response to cooler day or night temperatures. Across bioregions, areas of likely germination largely aligned with species‐specific temperature sensitivity, with suitable germination niche declining in four species, one staying roughly the same and one increasing in physical range under predicted climate warming.Main conclusionsIn response to increased temperatures associated with climate change, germination probability varied from current rates. These changes were quantified both spatially and temporally and highlight expected challenges for persistence of some populations, particularly range restricted and rare species. Current understanding of extinction threat must consider future conditions, and these results highlight the urgent need to protect populations of these six Persoonia species that are currently threatened by habitat destruction and encourage future population persistence through restoration efforts.
Effect of neonatal therapy on the motor, cognitive, and behavioral development of infants born preterm: a systematic review
Authors: Khurana Sonia , Kane Audrey E , Brown Shaaron E , Tarver Talicia , Dusing Stacey C 
Published: February 2020

AimTo synthesize the existing literature and determine the efficacy of neonatal therapy, starting in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), on the motor, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes of infants born preterm.MethodDatabases were searched for randomized controlled trials or quasi‐randomized controlled trials of direct therapy early intervention for infants with a gestational age of less than 37 weeks, initiated in the NICU and delivered by a therapist or parent with therapist support. Quality was evaluated using the Cochrane standardized risk of bias assessment tool. Recommendations were made using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach.ResultsFifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were categorized into four intervention categories: (1) parent‐delivered motor intervention (PDMI); (2) therapist‐delivered postural control intervention (TDPCI); (3) developmental care; and (4) oromotor intervention. Risk of bias varied from low (10 studies) to high (three studies) or was unclear (two studies).InterpretationPreliminary support indicates that daily PDMI improves motor and cognitive outcomes in the short‐term and possibly long‐term. TDPCI is effective in promoting short‐term gains in motor development. Developmental care programs designed by a neonatal therapist appear to be effective in improving short‐term behavior but are inconclusive for motor and cognitive outcomes or long‐term behavioral outcomes. Regarding oromotor interventions, there is insufficient research to be confident in their efficacy on improving developmental outcomes.What this paper adds

Parent‐delivered motor interventions (PDMIs) are more effective in improving motor and cognitive outcomes than other interventions.

Preliminary support indicates that daily PDMI improves motor and cognitive outcomes in the short‐ and possibly long‐term.

Therapist‐delivered postural control interventions are effective in promoting short‐term gains in motor development.

Developmental care programs designed by a neonatal therapist are effective in improving the short‐term behavior of infants born preterm.

Oral motor interventions were found to have no effect on improving developmental outcomes.
A safety and pharmacodynamics study of temelimab, an antipathogenic human endogenous retrovirus type W envelope monoclonal antibody, in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Curtin Francois , Champion Bernard , Davoren Peter , Duke Sally , Ekinci Elif I. , Gilfillan Chris , Morbey Claire , Nathow Thomas , O'Moore‐Sullivan Trisha , O'Neal David , Roberts Adam , Stranks Stephen , Stuckey Bronwyn , Vora Parind , Malpass Sam , Lloyd David , Maëstracci‐Beard Nicole , Buffet Bénédicte , Kornmann Gabrielle , Bernard Corinne , Porchet Hervé , Simpson Richard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo report the first study of temelimab, a monoclonal antibody neutralizing the pathogenic human endogenous retrovirus type W envelope, in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Materials and MethodsThis double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trial recruited adult patients with T1D within 4 years postdiagnosis and remaining C‐peptide secretion. Sixty‐four patients were randomized (2:1) to monthly temelimab 6 mg/kg or placebo during 24 weeks followed by a 24‐week, open‐label extension, during which all patients received temelimab. The primary objective was the safety and tolerability of temelimab. The secondary objective was to assess the pharmacodynamics response such as C‐peptide levels, insulin use, HbA1c, hypoglycaemia and autoantibodies.ResultsTemelimab was well tolerated without any group difference in the frequency or severity of adverse events. Concerning exploratory endpoints, there was no difference in the levels of C‐peptide, insulin use or HbA1c between treatment groups at weeks 24 and 48. The frequency of hypoglycaemia events was reduced with temelimab (P = 0.0004) at week 24 and the level of anti‐insulin antibodies was lower with temelimab (P < 0.01); the other autoantibodies did not differ between groups.ConclusionsTemelimab appeared safe in patients with T1D. Pharmacodynamics signals (hypoglycaemia and anti‐insulin antibodies) under temelimab were observed. Markers of β‐cell functions were not modified by treatment. These results need to be further explored in younger patients with T1D with earlier disease onset.
Relationship of left atrial expansion index to exercise tolerance, pretest probability of restenosis, and positive predictive value of treadmill test in coronary artery disease
Authors: Hsiao Chao‐Sheng , Hsiao Shih‐Hung 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhether left atrial (LA) expansion index is associated with coronary restenosis, and exercise capacity (EC) reduction in coronary artery disease has not been established.MethodsThis study analyzed 342 consecutive patients who had received a coronary stent implant. A treadmill exercise test (TET) was administered in all participants. The LA expansion indices were measured immediately before and after TET. Maximal EC measured on a breath‐by‐breath basis by a metabolic cart with gas analyzers and recorded as metabolic equivalent task. All patients with positive TET results received angiography, and those with restenosis received complete revascularization by either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or bypass surgery. The LA expansion index and EC before and 1 month after PCI were then compared.ResultsOut of 342 patients, 74 had positive TET results, and 54 had restenosis in angiography. Low LA expansion index was associated with poor EC. In patients with LA expansion index > 200%, only 5% had restenosis with 38.5% positive predictive value (PPV) of TET. In patients with LA expansion index < 100%, however, 64.3% had restenosis with 94.7% PPV of TET. Restenosis induced low pre‐TET LA expansion index and further decline during TET. The LA expansion index significantly (P .001) improved from 133 ± 64% before PCI to184 ± 86% after PCI, and the improvement corresponded with EC recovery. A 10% reduction in LA expansion index was associated with a 15% increase in pretest probability of restenosis.ConclusionThe LA expansion index is associated with EC, pretest probability of restenosis, and PPV of TET. Revascularization improves both EC and LA expansion index.
Contrasting latitudinal patterns in diversity and stability in a high‐latitude species‐rich moth community
Authors: Antão Laura H. , Pöyry Juha , Leinonen Reima , Roslin Tomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimBiodiversity is currently undergoing rapid restructuring across the globe. However, the nature of biodiversity change is not well understood, as community‐level changes may hide differential responses in individual population trajectories. Here, we quantify spatio‐temporal community and stability dynamics using a long‐term high‐quality moth monitoring dataset.LocationFinland, Northern Europe.Time period1993–2012.Major taxa studiedNocturnal moths (Lepidoptera).MethodsWe quantified patterns of change in species richness, total abundance, dominance and temporal variability at different organizational levels over a 20 year period and along a latitudinal gradient of 1,100 km. We used mixed‐effects and linear models to quantify temporal trends for the different community and stability metrics and to test for latitudinal (or longitudinal) effects.ResultsWe found contrasting patterns for different community metrics, and strong latitudinal patterns. While total moth abundance has declined, species richness has simultaneously increased over the study period, but with rates accelerating with latitude. In addition, we revealed a latitudinal pattern in temporal variability—the northernmost locations exhibited higher variability over time, as quantified by both metrics of richness and aggregated species population trends.Main conclusionsWhen combined, our findings likely reflect an influx of species expanding their ranges poleward in response to warming. The overall decline in abundance and the latitudinal effect on temporal variability highlight potentially severe consequences of global change for community structure and integrity across high‐latitude regions. Importantly, our results underscore that increases in species richness may be paralleled by a loss of individuals, which in turn might affect higher trophic levels. Our findings suggest that the ongoing global species redistribution is affecting both community structure and stability over time, leading to compounded and partly opposing effects of global change depending on which biodiversity dimension we focus on.
New score including daily life independence levels with dementia is associated with the onset of deep vein thrombosis in frail older adults
Authors: Nakanishi Keisuke , Kanda Tsugiyasu , Kobata Takashi , Mori Masayuki , Yamada Shinya , Kasamaki Yuji 
Published: February 2020

AimThe detailed risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remain unknown, and no efficient tool to assess the risk of the development of DVT among older adults has been established. This study aimed to clarify the risk factors, including the level of daily life independence, and develop an assessment score for DVT in older patients.MethodsWe recruited 252 patients aged ≧65 years with suspected deep vein thrombosis. Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis, cognitive impairment, laboratory data and level of daily life independence were analyzed to calculate the odds ratios for the onset of DVT with logistic regressions. The Himi score was generated with factors significantly related to DVT by adjusting the respective odds ratios. The discrimination accuracy of the Himi score associated with the onset of DVT was compared with those of conventional scores (Wells score, Padua score) based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsLow levels of daily life independence, D‐dimer level >3.0 μg/mL, anticoagulant use, cancer and immobilization or symptoms of the lower limbs were associated with the onset of DVT. The discrimination accuracy of Himi scores composed of these related factors was significantly higher than those of the Wells and Padua scores.ConclusionsAchieving a better performance than did the Wells and Padua scores, the Himi score could be used to assess the risk of DVT in frail older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 414–421.
Looking through model medieval green glasses: From color to recipe
Authors: Hunault Myrtille O. J. Y. , Loisel Claudine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe colors of medieval stained glasses depend on their chemical composition. The redox interactions in glass between iron and copper and their influence on the color were investigated in two soda‐lime silicate model glasses. Both glasses have close iron and copper redox ratios and copper oxidizes iron when the iron content is smaller than the copper content. The redox speciation of iron and copper was determined using combining x‐ray and optical absorption spectroscopies in relation with the resulting color. The molar extinction coefficient of Cu2+ was estimated from the combined analysis to be 32 mol/L/cm. The glass color change from green to blue‐green color is assigned to the decrease of the total iron content, confirming that ancient glassmakers could control the final color with the glass recipe. These results provide reference data for further spectroscopic investigations of medieval stained glasses. Comparison with ancient copper‐colored green glass compositions suggests that the higher ratio of copper to iron total contents was imposed by the more reducing melting conditions in medieval furnaces.
The clinical and prognostic significance of FOXN3 downregulation in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Zhang Jinjing , Wang Yue , Mo Wenbin , Zhang Rui , Li Yan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe expression of forkhead box N3 (FOXN3), also known as checkpoint suppressor 1 (CHES1), is reduced in many types of tumours. However, the clinical significance of FOXN3 and its potential role in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) remain largely unknown.MethodsA total of 117 de novo AML patients newly diagnosed between December 2015 and January 2018 were included in this study. The expression of FOXN3 and its clinical significance were analysed in these AML patients.ResultsThe expression of FOXN3 was significantly downregulated in AML. In addition, lower FOXN3 expression was associated with older age and higher white blood cell counts. Moreover, a close correlation was observed between lower FOXN3 expression and a lower complete remission (CR) rate and shorter overall survival (OS), which was further analysed by multivariate analysis.ConclusionThese data suggest that FOXN3 is a novel biomarker in AML and that lower FOXN3 expression predicts poor chemotherapy response and prognosis in AML.
Outcomes of direct pulp capping in vital primary teeth with cariously and non‐cariously exposed pulp: A systematic review
Authors: Garrocho‐Rangel Arturo , Esparza‐Villalpando Vicente , Pozos‐Guillen Amaury 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo summarize the clinical/radiographic outcomes from the evidence of studies published since 1988 on different DPC agents applied on vital pulp–exposed primary teeth.MethodsThe following electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Dentistry and Oral Science Source, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 1988 and December 2019, with at least 6 months of follow‐up, comparing the clinical and radiographic success rates of two or more DPC agents applied in primary teeth with cariously and non‐cariously exposed pulp.ResultsInitial searches identified 83 potentially relevant studies on DPC in primary teeth. Sixty‐four of these studies were excluded, whereas 19 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria and were retrieved in full text for data extraction and a methodological quality assessment. Finally, 12 of these articles were included in the systematic review. Low and moderate risks of bias were observed. Overall, DPC clinical and radiographic success rates among the selected studies ranged between 53% and 100%.ConclusionsFor DPC in primary teeth, this systematic review found that diverse new biologically and compatible agents with promising success rates are currently available for paediatric dentistry practitioners. There is no evidence that justifies discarding the judicious use of DPC procedures in primary teeth.
Epidemiology, clinical features, and resource utilization associated with respiratory syncytial virus in the community and hospital
Authors: Smithgall Marie , Maykowski Philip , Zachariah Philip , Oberhardt Matthew , Vargas Celibell Y. , Reed Carrie , LaRussa Philip , Saiman Lisa , Stockwell Melissa S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe epidemiology, clinical features, and resource utilization of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cases in the community and the hospital are not fully characterized.MethodsWe identified individuals of all ages with laboratory‐confirmed RSV from two sources, a community cohort undergoing surveillance for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and hospitalized patients from the same geographic area of New York City between 2013 and 15. The epidemiology, clinical features, and resource utilization (antibiotic/steroid/ribavirin usage, chest X‐rays, respiratory‐support (continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP], mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO]), and indicators of disease severity (respiratory‐support, and/or ICU admission or death)) were compared among age groups using univariate and bivariate analyses.ResultsIn the community cohort (1777 people with 1805 ARIs), 66(3.7%) tested RSV‐positive (3.8% of <1‐year‐olds; 3.8% of adults ≥65); 40.9% were medically attended, and 23.1% reported antibiotic usage. Among 40,461 tests performed on hospital patients, 2.7% were RSV‐positive within ± 2 days of admission (37.3% <1 year old; 17.4% ≥65 years old). Among RSV‐positive hospitalized adults ≥65%, 92.7%, 89.6% and 78.1% received a chest X‐ray, antibiotics and/or steroids respectively, compared with 48.9%, 45.7%, and 48.7% of children <1. Severe illness occurred in 27.0% RSV‐positive hospitalized <1‐year‐olds and 19.8% ≥65‐year‐olds.ConclusionsRespiratory syncytial virus had a demonstrated impact in the community and hospital. Only 40% of RSV community cases were medically attended. In the hospitalized‐cohort, <1‐ and ≥ 65‐year‐olds accounted for the majority of patients and had similar rates of severe illness. In addition, resource utilization was high in older adults, making both young children and older adults important potential RSV vaccine targets.