bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation and Network Externality Based on Asymmetric Interest Flow Theory with the Case of Health Damage Caused by PPV’s Energy Consumption
Authors: Jiang Yanjie , Wu Peilin , Ding Yanqiang , Ding Xiaodi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The study starts with a logical reasoning: if the network is composed of individuals and their relations, the network externality should also have a micro foundation. However, the traditional network externality or network effects theory does not indicate the specific meaning of individual nor relation externalities. Therefore, the study first defines the relation and its decisive characteristic: the interaction of interest flow. Furthermore, it is pointed out that the asymmetric interest flow is the essential feature of externality. Then, with the help of flow analysis in graph theory, the mathematical models of potential relation, relation and relation externality are given. Based on the definition of individual externality on the net, a new interpretation of network externality compared with traditional one is given, which is the state set of individual externalities on the net. Finally, we use these definitions to give a new explanation to a specific case in energy and environmental field and supply a new framework to solve general or concrete externality problems.
Methods for calculating thermal fields using modern software products
Authors: Golik V V , Zemenkov Yu D , Subbotin V Ya , Belsky S G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents methods of mathematical modelling of buried multilayer oil pipelines laid in areas of Western Siberia and the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Modelling was carried out on the basis of data from several sections of oil pipelines under various burying conditions. In the work, we also used a wide range of different software programs for modelling in order to identify a software product suitable for the goals and objectives of this work.
Measurement of phase flow in water, oil and gas media using infrared radiation
Authors: Zemenkov Yu D , Zaitsev E V , Shabarov A B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper analyzes the problem of multiphase flow metering in the oil and gas industry. The main types of multiphase flow meters, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. A schematic diagram of a multiphase flow meter is proposed, which includes a mixture homogenizer, a Coriolis flow meter, an IR fraction meter and is based on the concept of intelligent measuring systems. An experimental pouring stand has been developed for conducting studies of the absorption of near-infrared radiation in a gas-liquid mixture stream. Studies have been carried out on the absorption of near-infrared radiation in a multiphase flow for a volumetric gas content of 5 and 10% in the range of liquid moisture content from 10 to 90% in increments of 20%. Based on the results of the study, a generalized correlation dependence is obtained. A computational and experimental method is proposed for determining the volumetric ratio of phases in a flow using the parameters of absorption of near-infrared radiation, which can be applied to various ranges of gas content.
Analysis of the reliability of structures during operation of gas pipelines on piles in areas of heaving soils
Authors: Novik B N , Podorozhnikov S Yu , Zemenkova M Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The routes of the main, field, and process gas pipelines in the Arctic regions of Siberia run through territories with difficult climatic conditions. Along the route, there are areas with heaving soils, which can be used as natural bases only with the use of special anti-heaving measures, since that they are characterized by high mobility, low bearing capacity, uneven settlement and increased compressibility. This raises concerns about a decrease in the bearing capacity of permafrost soils in the territories of Taimyr, Yamal and other regions. The paper discusses various methods of the above-ground laying of pipelines on heaving soils. A pipeline construction option ensuring safer operation is proposed.
Calculation of thermodynamic characteristics of gas flows in concentrated fire vortices
Authors: Obukhov A G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of numerical simulation of gas flows in free fire vortices. The fundamental possibility of physical modeling of the occurrence of concentrated fire vortices is presented in a series of experimental studies carried out at the Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In the model of a compressible continuous medium for the complete system of Navier-Stokes equations, an initial-boundary-value problem is proposed that describes complex three-dimensional unsteady flows of viscous compressible heat-conducting gas in ascending swirling heat fluxes. Using explicit difference schemes and the proposed initial-boundary conditions, approximate solutions of the Navier-Stokes system of equations are constructed and the thermodynamic characteristics of three-dimensional unsteady gas flows are numerically determined. The calculation results showed that in the process of formation of fiery vortices, it is formally possible to distinguish several stages. The calculations of the thermodynamic characteristics of gas flows during heating of the underlying surface by several local sources showed that the selected mathematical model under the corresponding initial and boundary conditions allows numerical experiments to describe the arising of complex unsteady three-dimensional flows.
Calculation of gas velocities in concentrated fire vortices
Authors: Obukhov A G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of numerical modeling of the generation of free fire vortices in laboratory conditions without the use of special swirling devices. The fundamental possibility of physical modeling of the occurrence of concentrated fire vortices is described in a series of experimental studies conducted under the supervision of A. Yu. Varaksin, corresponding member of the RAS. In the model of compressible continuous medium for the complete system of Navier-Stokes equations, an initial-boundary-value problem is proposed that describes complex three-dimensional unsteady flows of viscous compressible heat-conducting gas in ascending swirling heat flows. Using explicit difference schemes and the proposed initial-boundary conditions, approximate solutions of the complete system of Navier-Stokes equations are constructed and the velocity characteristics of three-dimensional unsteady gas flows initiated by local heating of the underlying surface by nineteen heat sources are numerically determined.
Modeling the heat transfer processes in the pipe-soil system
Authors: Golik V V , Zemenkov Yu D , Gladenko A A , Seroshtanov I V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents a mathematical model and methodology for conducting thermotechnical calculations of buried multilayer pipelines. A section of the existing oil pipeline running under difficult geological conditions is considered. The methodology for calculating thermal processes and the main results for this section of the pipeline are described, and halos of thawing of permafrost are modeled on the basis of a mathematical model. Modeling was carried out using several options of insulating material with a constant internal diameter of the pipeline and pumping mode. Modeling was carried out in an all-purpose software system of finite element modeling - ANSYS and a TPS module developed by the authors for conducting thermotechnical calculations.
Ecological situation in the area of non-ferrous metals mining on the slopes of the Eastern Caucasus
Authors: Alborov I D , Tedeeva F G , Burdzieva O G , Gridnev E A , Glazov A P , Dzeboeva F M , Vaneev S D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article provides information on the history of the development of Sadon ore field, Tyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum and Urupsk deposits. A description of landscape changes occurred in the process of mining and processing of non-ferrous metal ores in places of mining enterprises dislocation is given. It has been shown that soil pollution in the area of mining facilities activity with heavy and toxic trace elements has mineralization of mining origin. It has been established that in the areas of dislocation of existing mountain objects, landscapes and soils, which are an integral part of ecosystems, have a pronounced zonation, each of which has certain components that influence the formation of ecological situation. Low levels of lead and zinc have been found in seasonal vegetables (potato tubers) and high, exceeding MAC – in perennial fruit crops (apples, pears). It is noted that only the use of scientifically based measures based on real positive results, taking into account geo-environmental factors, can affect efficient environmental management under the considered conditions.
Pathways to sustainable development of urban areas in the Southern Urals
Authors: Blagovidova N G , Iudina N V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper considers retrospective development of the mountain region in the Southern Urals as a special industrial and natural landscape monument of Russia. Following global trends, the authors are aware of both high significance and great vulnerability of mountain areas. The Southern Urals is considered as the region with a tendency to stagnation. The historical background of the problems is highlighted, and ecological status and risks of the region are analyzed on the example of a network of small and medium-sized cities of Zlatoust district, which contributes to solution of the problems. The cities are united by modern specialization, infrastructure, socio-economic situation and natural heritage typical of the entire Ural region, which enables generalization of the principles for both the Urals and other mountain areas. Their special environmental features require complex measures aimed to restore the integrity and the value paradigm. It is proposed to create a cluster based on the potentials, which offers specific directions for the development of a group settlement and functional autonomy. In this regard, it seems necessary to eliminate past ecological damage and to minimize adverse factors that violate environmental conditions. The urban ecology strategy is proposed to resolve contradictions in the development of resource-rich and historically identical areas of the Southern Urals.
Engineering-geological and hydrogeological features of the dzuarikau-tskhinval gas pipeline installation and environmental aspects of its operation in high seismicity conditions
Authors: Burdzieva O G , Zaalishvili V B , Chotchaev Kh O , Melkov D A , Dzeranov B V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Despite the strategic importance and social orientation of the project to install the world’s highest mountain gas pipeline to South Ossetia, the damage to the environment is great. In contrast to flat terrain, highland landscapes due to large-scale natural (landfalls, avalanches, mudflows, landslides, etc.) or anthropogenic (installation of oil and gas pipelines) negative impacts either not restored at all, due to the progressive influence of factors interventions, or the recovery takes decades. In high-mountain areas, soil destruction is accelerated due to developing sources of landslides and ravines, mudflows, creeps and collapses, active lateral infiltration of groundwater, leading to rapid dehydration of soil and biocenosis degradation. Neglecting the scientific basis for minimizing damage to the environment, the primacy of business over environmental consequences, the lack of fundamental and qualified expertise of projects relating to interference with the natural environment, the legislative vulnerability of ecological systems have become commonplace and have a very steady tendency to take root. The result of consumer attitudes towards ecosystems is estimated by the example of these works by extensive disafforest, deep cutting of extended slope intervals at high mountains and, finally, significant deviations from the original project. At the same time, there are no works on recultivation, which, however, are doomed to failure in the existing orographic and seismological conditions of the Dzuarikau-Tskhinval gas pipeline route. The route of the Dzuarikau-Tskhinval gas pipeline enters the Kassar (valley of the Ardon River) gorge near the Tamiysk resort and then it cuts through both slopes of the Ardon River to Zaramag HPP, and then passes through the picturesque valleys of the Mamikhdon and Zemegendon Rivers, where the gross impact on nature is most clearly observed.
Directional protection of substation equipment
Authors: Buryanina N S , Korolyuk Y F , Koryakina M L , Lesnykh E V , Suslov K V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The introduction of microprocessor technology in the management of energy objects, including diagnostics, into relay protection and automation, allows combining and unifying relay protection of individual objects into a single system. One of the methods of unified relay protection may be directional protection. It is possible to develop and offer directional protection for generators, transformers, which are currently not used. An obstacle to the use of directional protection of generators and transformers is the presence of aperiodic components in the short-circuit currents, that introduce distortions in determining the angle between the short-circuit currents and voltages. At the “Power Supply” Department of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov a method that excludes aperiodic components in the secondary currents of current transformers of power system objects was developed, which made it possible to exclude incorrect actions of directional protections, including when saturating the current transformer magnetic cores. The method is based on processing four instantaneous samples of currents separated by identical sampling intervals.
Technological fluids on biopolymer basis for repair wells
Authors: Egorova E V , Minchenko Yu S , Bosikov I I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article describes the commercial experience of using various compositions of process fluids during repair and insulation works and substantiates the practical value of solutions on a biopolymer basis. The results of laboratory studies are presented and the compositions of process fluids on a biopolymer basis for well repair are proposed. The preservation of the natural permeability of the reservoir in the near-wellbore zone is one of the main requirements for quality well repair. However, as the field practice shows, the overhaul is almost universally carried out with the use of process fluids, the parameters of which are chosen without taking into account the specific geological conditions, the lithologic and physical properties of the reservoir and the physicochemical characteristics of its fluids.
Application of a smart active adaptive system on the basis of renewable energy sources for electricity supply to an agricultural facility in highland regions of the Caucasus
Authors: Elbazurov A R , Malsagov M I , Titova G R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the collated results of the research conducted by the authors and made in the electric system of an agricultural holding. The article is devoted to the development of a smart electric grid which provides energy efficient electricity supply to responsible consumers of an agricultural facility. The research shows the main components of the smart electric system, their operation mode, their role in enhancing energy conservation and efficiency. The authors prove the efficiency of smart energy systems and renewable energy sources in electricity supply to an agricultural facility in the Chechen Republic.
Hydropower potential implementation as an important stage of the environmental and economic frames formation in the mountain valleys
Authors: Kalov R O , Vagapov A B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The hydrographic network within the mountain-piedmont zone is characterized. The necessity of the revaluation of the economically feasible rivers’ energy potential is grounded. The main hydrological elements of river basins applied to the research topic have been identified. A landscape assessment of the mountain valleys specificity considering the creating hydropower facilities issue has been carried out. The most preferred for the development watercourses are designated and described, considering statistical materials on their water flow dynamics. The method of compensation for deficient statistical materials on the water flow dynamics is represented. The features of the high-mountain zone hydropower potential are highlighted. A comparative analysis of the energy reserves of the main mountain rivers is given. The role of ice-free feeding minor rivers in a hydroelectric project is determined. The method of determining the water flow security is described, the corresponding coefficients are determined. 16 topographically convenient mountain-valley extensions were identified as potential cisterns for reservoirs. Dam and lake methods for regulating effluent are evaluated on the acceptability. An algorithm for determining the mountain streams’ channel energy potential of is given. A comparative analysis of the specific power of the rivers in relation to their different sections has been carried out. The most important limiting factors for the hydropower projects implementation have been identified. A working hypothesis for the use of environmentally friendly hydro energy has been formulated. In the first approximation, a scheme for selecting favorable landscapes for the hydropower facilities construction has been drawn up, and the corresponding map chart has been made. Criteria for selecting the power and type of power plants adequate to the natural base are indicated. The forecast of hydropower development is formulated in conjunction with the expected levels for electricity demand in the future.
Analysis of non-sinusoidal voltage at metallurgical enterprises
Authors: Klyuev R V , Fomenko O A , Gavrina O A , Sokolov A A , Sokolova O A , V Dzeranov B , Morgoev I D , Zaseev S G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of the study of non-sinusoidal voltage in the power supply system of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises. The non-sinus voltage coefficients are calculated for the operation of valve inverters and welding machines. The range analysis of the noah caste of higher harmonic components by voltage was carried out and it was established that the values of the correlation coefficients between the non-sinusoidal coefficients of voltage and the fraction of noah and pointer castes of electricity consumers for the production of hard alloys are equal to: 0.56 and 0.37, which makes it possible to limit the range of priority tasks for calculating the required filter-compensating devices. It is necessary to conduct further studies of higher harmonics in the system of power supply of industrial enterprises and the development of methods for calculating and optimal distributing filter-compensating devices in enterprises.
Ensuring the consumer reliability based on retrospective analysis
Authors: Klyuev R V , Fomenko O A , Gavrina O A , Sokolov A A , Sokolova O A , Plieva M T , Kabisov A A , Ikoeva E Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the research methods of indicators of structural and functional reliability for electricity consumers based on a retrospective analysis, which makes it possible to evaluate the causes of under-supply of electricity to consumers and to develop measures to eliminate these causes. The analysis of the reliability of overhead power lines of the power system. The analysis of the causes of failures for 2012–2018 showed that about half of the causes of failures are not established at all, other causes of failures are approximate. The exceptions are the causes of failures due to a malfunction of the relay protection and automation devices, the proportion of which in the total number of failures does not exceed 2–3 %. In order to obtain an objective assessment of the influence of climatic factors on the reliability of the electric power system, a special technique has been developed. This technique allows quantifying the average values of the correlation coefficients between the failure rates of overhead power lines and climatic factors.
Influence of underground mining of Taseevskoye field on landscape and open-pit remining
Authors: Kostromin M V , Popova Yu T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Baley ore body unites Taseevskoye and Baleyskoye gold mines. The internal structure of Taseevskoye field is defined by the system of longitudinal and cross deformations splitting the Baleyskaya depression into a series of large blocks. One of the main features of open-pit remining of the First ore zone of Taseevskoye field is that mining operations will continuously happen in a zone dangerous in terms of caves. Caving systems in underground mining lead to displacement of some mineral resources to underlying horizons. Hence, the main provisions are defined to study regularities of earth surface displacement within a field. Depending on the correlation of parameters the earth surface is not deformed or deformed as failures, cracks or smooth movements. The development of depression in the direction and speed increases towards the second mining. Thus, within the contours of the designed pit the rock massif is located in the zone of deformations with developed displacement under the influence of underground mining operations. Contours and sizes of dangerous zones are defined for open-pit mining operations in the zone of displacement.