bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Periodic Magnetic Helicity Injection Behavior between Flaring and Non-flaring Active Regions: Case Study
Authors: Korsós M. B. , Romano P. , Morgan H. , Ye Y. , Erdélyi R. , Zuccarello F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The evolution of magnetic helicity has a close relationship with solar eruptions and is of interest as a predictive diagnostic. In this case study, we analyze the evolution of the normalized emergence, shearing, and total magnetic helicity components in the case of three flaring and three non-flaring active regions (ARs) using Spaceweather Helioseismic Magnetic Imager Active Region Patches vector magnetic field data. The evolution of the three magnetic helicity components is analyzed with wavelet transforms, revealing significant common periodicities of the normalized emergence, shearing, and total helicity fluxes before flares in the flaring ARs. The three non-flaring ARs do not show such common periodic behavior. This case study suggests that the presence of significant periodicities in the power spectrum of magnetic helicity components could serve as a valuable precursor for flares.
Aquatic Hyphomycetes from streams on Madeira Island (Portugal)
Authors: Raposeiro Pedro , Faustino Hélder , Ferreira Verónica , Gonçalves Vítor 
Published: July 2020

Aquatic hyphomycetes are a phylogenetically heterogeneous group of fungi living preferentially in fast flowing, well-aerated forest streams. These fungi have worldwide distribution, but with the exception of Articulospora tetracladia, no aquatic hyphomycete taxon was previously recorded on Madeira Island. Aquatic hyphomycetes were sampled from 40 sites, distributed by 27 permanent streams in 2015, to provide the distribution of aquatic hyphomycetes in Madeira Island streams.
In this study, a total of 21 species of aquatic hyphomycetes were recorded belonging to three classes of Ascomycota. All taxa are new records for Madeira Archipelago, except Articulospora tetracladia and four are reported for the first time in Macaronesian biogeographic region.
L'interdiction de l'esclavage, norme de jus cogens en droit international et droit inconditionnel en droit européen
Authors: Fleury Graff Thibaut 
Published: July 2020

L'interdiction de l'esclavage fait partie des rares « normes impératives » du droit international et des « obligations inconditionnelles » en droit européen. Consacrée par de nombreux instruments internationaux et européens, elle jouit d'une valeur juridique particulière, dont les conséquences pratiques sont importantes. La jurisprudence de la Cour nationale du droit d'asile en matière de protection internationale et d'exploitation sexuelle en offre un exemple particulièrement illustratif.
La médiation familiale et la théorie des deux conflits
Authors: Viaut Laura 
Published: July 2020

Depuis le début des années 2000, et plus encore depuis la loi de 2016 portant modernisation de la justice au XXI e siècle, les modes alternatifs de règlement des conflits s'insèrent aujourd'hui, sous le sigle MARC, en droit positif français. Ces changements suscitent dans notre procédure actuelle, héritée de la période postrévolutionnaire, un bouleversement à nul autre second ; ils traduisent une recomposition des rapports entre la société et l'État en matière de gestion de conflits.
« Le moins mauvais des mondes »
Authors: Ost François 
Published: July 2020

Faire du droit en racontant des histoires, tel est le pari de l'auteur, entamé dans son ouvrage Si le droit m'était conté (Dalloz, 2019) : la littérature comme voie de droit, le droit mis en récit. Des juristes qui prennent la plume, racontent le droit, et s'interrogent sur sa nature, ses fonctions, ses valeurs. Pari d'autant mieux venu lorsque l'actualité bouscule les limites du pensable. Quel droit en période d'exception ?, c'est la question que pose ce conte. Au Royaume de Nimportou, les conseillers de Rex croient pouvoir s'en passer, au nom de l'urgence et de la nécessité. Tous les registres normatifs sont mobilisés - économique, technique, ludique, médical, religieux - sauf le juridique... jusqu'au jour où Marianne, la fille du Roi, se rebelle. Se pourrait-il que le droit ?...
Entre idéal et croyance : destin des messages séductifs
Authors: Attigui Patricia 
Published: July 2020

Comment l’idéal religieux fait-il effraction dans le cadre analytique ? Le travail du rêve et la voie clinique viendront, d’une part, révéler les tourments induits par la violence de l’idéal religieux, et d’autre part rendre intelligibles les motifs inconscients à teneur hautement conflictuelle travestis en croyances inattaquables, bastions d’une résistance massive. L’idéal de pureté venant se conjuguer aux interdits religieux, des contenus psychiques enclavés peuvent maintenir certains sujets dans une incompréhension absolue, les laissant en panne d’historisation. Cette réflexion mènera l’auteur à s’interroger également sur le modèle idéal, ou idéalisé, de l’analyse des processus inconscients, laquelle trouvera pourtant sa limite dans la cure par l’incarnation du transfert, cet intrus avec lequel l’analyste doit aussi composer.
Soleil hopi et Mannoni
Authors: Zaoui Daniel 
Published: July 2020

Dans son article « Je sais bien, mais quand même », Octave Mannoni étudie la question de la croyance à partir de la théorie freudienne du déni de la réalité et en s’étayant sur un ouvrage ethnologique, Soleil hopi . Il montre qu’une croyance peut être abandonnée et conservée à la fois après les rites initiatiques qu’il compare à la castration. Il montre que la croyance nécessite une instance tenue pour crédule. Il aborde la question des relations entre croyance et fétichisme.
Entretien avec Sorj Chalandon
Authors: Laurent Françoise 
Published: July 2020

« Est-ce que c’est vrai ? » La question s’impose à Sorj Chalandon, au journaliste, à l’écrivain, à l’homme. Journaliste du regard plus que du savoir, le reporter veut « faire voir », faire percevoir concrètement la violence rencontrée sur le terrain. Dans ses fictions, le romancier se soumet à une exigence extrême de crédibilité – il veut « faire croire » à ses histoires – en même temps qu’à un impératif éthique d’authenticité. Dans ces romans se répète le motif de la perte de croyance, explicitement relié au traumatisme de la première trahison infligée par son père.
The Subjection of Women : la révolution épistémologique de Mill
Authors: Benoit Audrey 
Published: July 2020

Dans The Subjection of Women (1869), Mill fait bien plus que prôner l’égalité civique des hommes et des femmes : il entreprend une véritable révolution épistémologique pour déconstruire les représentations naturalisantes du caractère féminin. S’il compare d’abord la condition des femmes à celle des esclaves, c’est pour ensuite l’en distinguer, car la persistance de l’inégalité des sexes est en contradiction avec les principes juridiques des sociétés modernes. Il est donc attentif à la situation singulière du problème de l’assujettissement des femmes : il ne s’agit pas de chercher à faire une « révolution sociale au nom d’un droit abstrait », mais de déraciner les préjugés qui expliquent la permanence archaïque de l’inégalité des sexes. C’est l’occasion d’une réflexion sur la construction de la domination patriarcale comme habitude sociale, par l’influence de l’éducation sur le caractère féminin.
Paraquat dichloride adsorption from aqueous solution using Carbonized Bambara Groundnut (<I>Vigna subterranean</I>) Shells
Authors: Muhammad Ayuba Abdullahi , Aondofa Nyijime Thomas 
Published: July 2020

Carbonized Bambara GroundNut Shell (CBGNS) was used as adsorbent for the adsorption of paraquat dichloride (PQ) from aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy methods. Several parameters that might affect the adsorption process including pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature and initial concentration were investigated and optimized using batch adsorption technique. Results of the study revealed that maximum removal efficiency (98%) was achieved using 0.05g adsorbent dosage, solution pH of 5 and 60 min of contact time. The equilibrium experimental result revealed that Langmuir model best described the adsorption process with R2 value of 0.956.The heat of adsorption process was estimated from Temkin Isotherm model to be 19.99J/mol and the mean free energy was estimated from Duninin-Radushkevich (DRK) isotherm model to be 0.289KJ/mol indicating chemisorptions process. The kinetic and thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption processes followed pseudo-second-order kinetics with R2 value of 0.999 and the value of ∆G (- 27.74 kJ mol-1), ∆H (13.145 kJ mol-1) indicate the spontaneous and endothermic nature of PQ adsorption on CBGNS. The results suggested that CBGNS had the potential to become a promising material for PQ contaminated water treatment.
Keywords: Adsorption, Paraquat dichloride, Carbonized Bambara Ground nut shell, Water treatment.
Neuronal cell membrane protective effects of <I>Combretum micranthum</I> methanol leaf extract on lead-induced brain damage in Swiss albino mice
Authors: Mohammed Z.M. , Haruna Z.K. , Abdullahi Z.I. , Hussein S.A. , Kurfi B.G. , Habila J.D. , Abdullahi M.H. , Aliyu A. , Ibrahim A. 
Published: July 2020

Combretum micranthum is used traditionally for many therapeutic purposes such as fatigue, liver ailments, headache, convalescence, blood disease, weight loss among others. Studies suggested that free radical production may be one main reason behind stress induces neurochemical changes that include neurotransmitter imbalance and histopathological alterations in the brain cell. Thus this study examined the relationship between brain histopathological alterations and neurotransmitter imbalance (gamma aminobutyric acid - GABA) in lead exposure, and possible neuroprotective role of Combretum micranthum methanol leaf extract in mice. Thirty six (36) Swiss Albino mice (19 - 22g body weight) were used for the study, randomized equally into six groups and treated for the period 14days: a) Normal Control (Distilled water), b) Negative control (40 mg/kg lead acetate), c) lead acetate + 100 mg/kg b.w. extract, d) lead acetate + 50 mg/kg b.w. extract, e) lead acetate + 25 mg/kg b.w. extract and f) positive control (lead acetate + diazepam 0.5 mg/kg b.w). The study assayed for protective potential of Combretum micranthum on neuronal cell membrane through determination of the brain cells malondialdyhyde (MDA) levels, morphology and GABA levels. Result of the study showed a significantly increase level of GABA in the brain of mice administered doses of the extract with a decreased level of MDA, as compared to those mice treated with 40 mg/kg lead acetate alone, which showed decreased level in GABA (310.83pg/ml), but an increased level of MDA (30.03μmolTBARS/mg). Also the mice administered doses of the extract showed normal neurons while intensive neuronal necrosis was observed on those mice treated with 40mg/kg lead acetate alone. However, mice administered with the doses of the extract shows no any significant difference with those in the normal control and positive control treatment groups. Also the Combretum micranthum methanol leaf extract was found, using GC-MS, to contain propargylamine, a compound known to possess anti-apoptosis functions, and also those with GABAergic functions 3,4-dichlorophenylhydrazine, guanidine and aminooxyacetic acid. Findings of the present study has proven Combretum micranthum to be a potential plant in managing and preventing brain structural damage induced by lead administration.
Keywords: Lead, Combretum micranthum, GABA, malondialdyhyde (MDA) and histopathology
Studies on some immunological profile of patients infected with tuberculosis attending infectious diseases hospital, Kano
Authors: Aminu A.I. , Habib N.L. 
Published: July 2020

The magnitude of the immune response to tuberculosis (TB) infection also involves cell-mediated immunity comprising numerous types of T-cell subsets and this reflects the magnitude of the bacterial load and those with the highest load are at a greater risk of developing TB disease. The study assesses the immunological profile (CD4+, CD8+, CD3+, CD45+) of TB infected individuals with drug sensitive TB (DS-TB) and compares it with that of subjects with Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) and those with Rifampicin Resistant TB (RR-TB). The study was a cross-sectional study conducted at Infectious Diseases Hospital (IDH), Kano. Two hundred and five (205) subjects participated in the study. Collected sputum samples were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and cultured on Lowenstein Jensen medium for the identification of Mycobacteria tuberculosis. Molecular detection of M. tuberculosis and RR-TB was performed using Xpert® MTB/RIF. Blood samples were also collected and the T-cell counts were determined using flow cytometry. The result of the study indicated that 131 of the studied subjects were males and 74 were females and that majority of them were in the group 14-24years (41.0%), 25-34 years (35.6%) and 35-44 years (13.7%) respectively. Among the DS-TB and RR-TB groups majority were males (70.8% and 66.7% respectively). It was shown that 86.2% and 88.9% of the samples from the DS-TB and RR-TB were AFB positive. However, all the 65 samples of DS-TB and 54 samples of the RR-TB were identified as MTB by culture. All the DS-TB samples were detected as susceptible TB by Xpert® MTB/RIF, and all the samples of the RR-TB were confirmed as rifampicin resistant by the Xpert® MTB/RIF. The study also revealed that the T-cell (CD4+, CD8+, CD3+ and CD45+) counts of the studied subjects varied significantly among the different groups of the study (p<0.05) and that compared to the control and the LTBI groups the DS-TB and the RR-TB groups recorded the lowest counts in the order; Control>LTBI>DS-TB>RR-TB.
Key words: Tuberculosis, T-cells counts, Drug susceptible TB, Latent TB, RR-TB.
Spatio-temporal distribution of zooplankton and physico-chemical conditions of Wasai Reservior, Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Isyaku I.H. , Ibrahim S. 
Published: July 2020

A study of spatio-temporal distribution of zooplanktonic community in relation to physico-chemical water condition of Wasai Reservoir was carried out between March and October, 2018. Three sampling sites selected for the purpose of this study were based on different human activities taking place in the areas like fishing, sand collection, washing etc. Nine physico-chemical and biological parameters were determined on fortnight basis 8:00 to 10:00am using standard methods. The result revealed that temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solids, Dissolved oxygen, Biochemical oxygen demand, transparency, nitrate and phosphate ranged from 24.4 to 29.1°C, 6.4 to 8.4, 353.3 to 846.6µS/cm, 264.3 to 602.8mg/L, 6.7 to 10.9mg/L, 2.8 to6.8mg/L, 5.6 to 12.3cm, 0.12 to 0.55mg/L and 0.08 to 0.22mg/L respectively. A total of thirteen (13) species of zooplankton were identified from the reservoir out of which three (3) belong to the class copepoda with a highest mean value of 37.67 recorded in May and lowest, 8.88 in October. Five species belong to the class Rotifera with a highest mean of 2.93 recorded in March and lowest in June (0.80). Similarly five species belong to the class Cladocera, with highest mean of 3.40 in April and lowest (0.27) in June and October respectively. The result showed seasonal variation in zooplankton species, as thier distribution increased in the dry season than in wet season, primarily due to the increase in photic depth of the water. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between zooplankton and physico-chemical parameters. The correlation coefficient of physico-chemical parameters and zooplankton of the reservoir revealed strong positive correlation between zooplankton, EC, TDS, pH, Temperature and transparency at (P<0.05)while negative correlation exist between zooplankton, BOD5, DO, Nitrate and Phosphate at (P<0.05).
Keywords: Distribution, Diversity, Reservoir, Wasai, Zooplankton.
A review on reversible logic gates
Authors: Galadima B.Y. , Galadanci G.S.M. , Tijjani A. , Ibrahim M. 
Published: July 2020

In recent years, reversible logic circuits have applications in the emerging field of digital signal processing, optical information processing, quantum computing and nano technology. Reversibility plays an important role when computations with minimal energy dissipation are considered. The main purpose of designing reversible logic is to decrease the number of reversible gates, garbage outputs, constant inputs, quantum cost, area, power, delay and hardware complexity of the reversible circuits. This paper reveals a comparative review on various reversible logic gates. This paper provides some reversible logic gates, which can be used in designing more complex systems having reversible circuits and can execute more complicated operations using quantum computers. Future digital technology will use reversible logic gates in order to reduce the power consumption and propagation delay as it effectively provides negligible loss of information in the circuit.
Keywords: Garbage output, Power dissipation, quantum cost, Reversible Gate, Reversible logic,
Local plants and diabetes management; folkloric practices in Metropolitan Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Sani S.B. , Aliyu B.S. , Haruna Musa , Yahya Sani Muhammad , Yakasai Mardiyya Auwal , Ajingi Ya’u Sabo , Hayatu Ladan Wada , Abba Hamisu 
Published: July 2020

An ethno botanical survey was carried out in Kano metropolis to investigate medicinal plants used locally for the treatment of diabetes in the area. The respondents for the study included herbalists and herb sellers. Oral interview was used to obtain information from the respondents using their local language and the information was recorded in a semi structured questionnaire. A total of 39 medicinal plant species belonging to 21 families were recorded in the study area. Family Fabaceae had the highest number of plant species and most of the plants were sourced from the wild. The plants were prepared mostly in their dried form and decoction was the most commonly used method of preparation. Moreover, combination of different plants or their parts in the preparation of the recipes for the treatment of diabetes was common among the respondents. Annisopus manii, Laptadenia hastata and Moringa oleifera were the most cited medicinal plants in the preparation of recipes for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the study area
Keywords: Diabetes management, folkloric, medicinal, plants
Preservative activity of <I>Xylopia aethiopica</I> fruits bio-active fractions on fresh meat
Authors: Bagwai M.A. , Magashi A.M. , Bukar A. 
Published: July 2020

The availability of food and its accessibility to people has been an important concern in most developing countries where food preservation techniques have been very inadequate. In comparison with synthetic additives, natural preservatives may be more acceptable to consumers and regulatory agencies and also potentially of benefit to human health. Fractionation of crude ethanolic extract, phytochemical screenings of fractions, evaluation of antimicrobial and preservative activity were carried out. GC-MS on the most active fraction was also carried out. Phytochemical screening uncovered the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. Antimicrobial activity results showed S. aureus with 18.33+0.33mm zone of inhibition and Aspergillus niger had least activity with 15.33+0.33mm at 4000µg/ml. The activity of the ethyl acetate fraction at highest concentration (4000µg/ml) against S. aureus was found to be not significant (p>0.05). Results of GC-MS analysis revealed the identity of the bio active compounds in the fraction such as phenols and terpinen-4-ol. The meat treated with 5% ethyl acetate fraction, recorded pH of 6.75 compared with negative control 7.74 while 5% vinegar (positive control) showed pH of 6.58 at 96 hours of storage. At 48 hours of storage, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the pH of the treated meat with fractions, vinegar and untreated were observed. The sensory evaluation of the preserved meat by the judges showed meat treated with 5% vinegar had 50% likeness while meat treated with 5% ethyl acetate fraction recorded 30% likeness at 96 hours of storage.
Key words: Preservative, Phytochemical, bio active, fraction, Antimicrobial
Serological survey of immunoglobulin g antibody among different populations with assymtomatic shedding of genital herpes in Katsina State
Authors: Hayatudeen M.R. , Aminu M. , Inabo H.I , Bashir A. , Abdullahi S. , Ali Saleh , Tahir M. 
Published: July 2020

Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a significant public health problem being one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections worldwide and the leading cause of genital ulcerative disease that is common both in industrialized and developing countries. Therefore, a study on the serological survey of Immunoglobulins G antibody among different populations with asymptomatic shedding of genital herpes in Katsina State, north-western Nigeria was carried out. A total of 460 (86 HIV, 136 feverish patients, 125 pregnant women and 113 normal Individuals) blood samples were collected from six hospitals located across the three senatorial zones of the State. The serum was separated from the blood and used for the analysis. The participant’s socio-demographic information and clinical presentations were also noted with the aid of a questionnaire. Viral antibodies were detected by HSV-2 IgG ELISA Kits. The HSV-2 IgG was detected in 72.8% of the serum tested. The prevalence among patients presenting with fever was 70.6%, and it was 74.4% in the pregnant women. The prevalence in HIV positive patients was 75.6% while it was 73.5% in the apparently healthy individuals. There was a significant association between HIV positivity, feverish condition and HSV-2 prevalence. Higher prevalence was recorded at General Hospital Dutsinma 89.6% and there was a statistically significant association between prevalence and hospital studied. Generally, older participants were more vulnerable to HSV-2 infection than younger ones. There was no statistical significant association between sex of the participants and HSV-2 infection. None of the sociodemographic factors was significantly associated with HSV-2 infection except marital status. There was no significant association between socio-economic status, sexual activity, use of protection, number of sexual partners, clinical manifestation, level of education, and occupation of the participants with HSV-2 infection. The present study indicates that prevalence of HSV-2 appears to be relatively high and older participants were more vulnerable to HSV-2 infection in Katsina State. There is need for educating populace on HSV-2 infection and its mode of transmission to reduce the level of its spread between individuals in the population.
Keywords: HSV-2; IgG; Genital; Serum; Antibody