bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonequilibrium Kondo effect in a graphene-coupled quantum dot in the presence of a magnetic field
Authors: Máthé Levente , Grosu Ioan 
Published: January 2020

Background: Quantum dots connected to larger systems containing a continuum of states like charge reservoirs allow the theoretical study of many-body effects such as the Coulomb blockade and the Kondo effect.Results: Here, we analyze the nonequilibrium Kondo effect and transport phenomena in a quantum dot coupled to pure monolayer graphene electrodes under external magnetic fields for finite on-site Coulomb interaction. The system is described by the pseudogap Anderson Hamiltonian. We use the equation of motion technique to determine the retarded Green’s function of the quantum dot. An analytical formula for the Kondo temperature is derived for electron and hole doping of the graphene leads. The Kondo temperature vanishes in the vicinity of the particle–hole symmetry point and at the Dirac point. In the case of particle–hole asymmetry, the Kondo temperature has a finite value even at the Dirac point. The influence of the on-site Coulomb interaction and the magnetic field on the transport properties of the system shows a tendency similar to the previous results obtained for quantum dots connected to metallic electrodes. Most remarkably, we find that the Kondo resonance does not show up in the density of states and in the differential conductance for zero chemical potential due to the linear energy dispersion of graphene. An analytical method to calculate self-energies is also developed which can be useful in the study of graphene-based systems.Conclusion: Our graphene-based quantum dot system provides a platform for potential applications of nanoelectronics. Furthermore, we also propose an experimental setup for performing measurements in order to verify our model.
Galactic Archaeology at High Redshift: Inferring the Nature of GRB Host Galaxies from Abundances
Authors: Palla Marco , Matteucci Francesca , Calura Francesco , Longo Francesco 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We identify the nature of high-redshift long gamma-ray burst (LGRB) host galaxies by comparing the observed abundance ratios in the interstellar medium with detailed chemical evolution models accounting for the presence of dust. We compare abundance data from LGRB afterglow spectra to abundance patterns as predicted by our models for different galaxy types. We analyze [X/Fe] abundance ratios (where X is C, N, O, Mg, Si, S, Ni, Zn) as functions of [Fe/H]. Different galaxies (irregulars, spirals, spheroids) are, in fact, characterized by different star formation histories, which produce different [X/Fe] versus [Fe/H] relations (“time-delay model”). This allows us to identify the star formation history of the host galaxies and to infer their age (i.e., the time elapsed from the beginning of star formation) at the time of the GRB events. Unlike previous works, we use newer models in which we adopt updated stellar yields and prescriptions for dust production, accretion, and destruction. We consider a sample of seven LGRB host galaxies. Our results suggest that two of them (GRB 050820, GRB 120815A) are star-forming spheroids, two (GRB 081008, GRB 161023A) are spirals, and three (GRB 090926A, GRB 050730, GRB 120327A) are irregulars. The inferred ages of the considered host galaxies span from 10 Myr to slightly more than 1 Gyr.
Direct Measurement of the [C i] Luminosity to Molecular Gas Mass Conversion Factor in High-redshift Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Heintz Kasper E. , Watson Darach 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The amount of cold, molecular gas in high-redshift galaxies is typically inferred from proxies of molecular hydrogen (H2), such as carbon monoxide (CO) or neutral atomic carbon ([C i]) and molecular gas mass conversion factors. The use of these proxies, however, relies on modeling and observations that have not been directly measured outside the local universe. Here, we use recent samples of high-redshift gamma-ray burst (GRB) and quasar molecular gas absorbers to determine this conversion factor

from the column density of H2, which gives us the mass per unit column, and the [C i](J = 1) column density, which provides the luminosity per unit column. This technique allows us to make direct measurements of the relative abundances in high-redshift absorption-selected galaxies. Our sample spans redshifts of z = 1.9−3.4 and covers two orders of magnitude in gas-phase metallicity. We find that the [C i]-to-M
mol conversion factor is metallicity dependent, with α
[C i] scaling linearly with the metallicity:

, with a scatter of σ α
[CI] = 0.2 dex. Using a sample of emission-selected galaxies at z ∼ 0–5, with both [C i] and CO line detections, we apply the α
[C i] conversion to derive independent estimates of the molecular gas mass and the CO-to-M
mol, α
CO, conversion factor. We find a remarkable agreement between the molecular gas masses inferred from the absorption-derived α
[C i] compared to typical α
CO-based estimates, which we confirm here to be metallicity-dependent as well, with an inferred slope that is consistent with α
CI and previous estimates from the literature. These results thus support the use of the absorption-derived α
[C i] conversion factor for emission-selected star-forming galaxies and demonstrate that both methods probe the same universal properties of molecular gas in the local and high-redshift universe.
Women on YouTube: Representation and participation through the Web Scraping technique
Authors: Regueira Uxía , Alonso-Ferreiro Almudena , Da-Vila Sergio 
Published: January 2020

YouTube is the favourite entertainment platform for teens and pre-teens. It is configured as a space for interaction and collaboration that coordinates collective creativity as a generator of meaning. Because of this, nowadays the platform constitutes an enabling environment for subjectivation. Women and men participate by sharing or consuming videos, although the visibility and experiences are different for each gender. The aim of this study is to analyse the presence of women in the new spaces of participation, both from the perspective of producers and consumers of content. An analysis based on Web Scraping of the Instagram profiles of the 50 most successful Youtubers in Spain was carried out. The data obtained was analysed with the statistical software R. The results show a low representation of women among the channels with the highest number of views and subscribers. In addition, there is a lower presence of a female audience. Both roles, women as content creators and as consumers, are mostly associated with stereotypically feminine content such as beauty, drawmylife and fitness sports. The study shows that YouTube, the platform representing the new online participation spaces, reproduces the gender power structures of traditional media. An analytical approach to media education is needed to fight against sexist representations, stereotypes and under-representation of women in public spaces.
YouTube es la plataforma favorita de entretenimiento de adolescentes y pre-adolescentes. Se presenta en esta etapa como un entorno propicio para la subjetivación, al configurarse como un espacio de interacción y colaboración, que coordina la creatividad colectiva como generadora de significado. Mujeres y hombres participan compartiendo o consumiendo vídeos, aunque la visibilidad y las experiencias son diferentes para unas y otros. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la presencia de la mujer en los nuevos espacios de participación, tanto desde una perspectiva de productora como de consumidora de contenidos. Se ha realizado un análisis basado en Web Scraping de las 50 cuentas de youtubers de mayor éxito en España, a través de sus perfiles de Instagram. Los datos obtenidos se han analizado con el software estadístico R. Los resultados evidencian la escasa representación femenina entre los canales con mayor número de visualizaciones y suscriptores. Además, existe una menor presencia de público femenino. Ambos roles aparecen asociados mayoritariamente a contenidos estereotipadamente femeninos como belleza, drawmylife y deportes fitness. El estudio pone de manifiesto que YouTube, plataforma representativa de los nuevos espacios de participación online, reproduce las estructuras de poder de género de los medios tradicionales. Es necesaria una educación mediática crítica para luchar contra las representaciones sexistas, los estereotipos y la insuficiente representación femenina en espacios públicos.
Influence of Instagram stories in attention and emotion depending on gender
Authors: Fondevila-Gascón Joan-Francesc , Gutiérrez-Aragón Óscar , Copeiro Meritxell , Villalba-Palacín Vicente , Polo-López Marc 
Published: January 2020

The impact of media and social networks on users is growing. The fact that commercial activity is flooding most social networks motivates us to enquire about the success factors of posts, and to try to determine if the impact is greater or lesser depending on gender. Attracting attention and exciting the user or customer are the main objectives of advertising, especially interactive advertising. This quantitative research measures the psychophysiological signals of the attentional level and the emotional level of people taking into account gender, through Sociograph, when they visualize Instagram stories of real influencers. To measure the electrodermal activity by means of two electrodes, a measurement instrument is used which integrates the traditional register of the Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and processes the information of the individuals. A questionnaire, the screen to display the Instagram story, the Instagram stories of the influencers, a registration protocol and a record sheet of the activity sequences are used. We observed that a greater number of followers implies greater emotional activation, although it translates into negative emotions, and a greater emotional activation in men than in women, although it is they who show positive emotions towards the video and would make an act of purchase through Instagram.
El impacto de los medios y las redes sociales sobre los usuarios es creciente. El hecho de que la actividad comercial esté inundando la mayor parte de redes sociales motiva a indagar sobre los factores de éxito de las publicaciones, y a tratar de determinar si el impacto es mayor o menor en función del género. Llamar la atención y emocionar al usuario o cliente son los principales objetivos de la publicidad, especialmente la interactiva. Esta investigación, de carácter cuantitativo, analiza los datos de las señales psicofisiológicas del nivel atencional y del nivel emocional de las personas teniendo en cuenta el género, a través de Sociograph, cuando visualizan Historias de Instagram de «influencers» reales. Para medir la actividad electrodérmica mediante dos electrodos, se utiliza un instrumento de medición que integra el registro tradicional de la Actividad Electrodérmica (EDA) y procesa la información de los individuos. Se utilizan un cuestionario, la pantalla para la visualización de la Historia de Instagram, las Historias de Instagram de los influencers, un protocolo de registro y una hoja de registro de las secuencias de actividad. Se observa que un mayor número de seguidores implica mayor activación emocional, aunque se traduce en emociones negativas, y una mayor activación emocional en hombres que en mujeres, aunque son ellas las que muestran emociones positivas hacia el vídeo y realizarían acto de compra a través de Instagram.
Integrating M-Learning in Teaching ECG Reading and Arrhythmia Management for Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Salameh Basma , Ewais Ahmad , Salameh Osama 
Published: January 2020

<p class="0abstract">Use of mobile devices among nursing students is recently a widespread approach. Integrating mobile devices in education can improve the quality of nursing education by engaging students in learning experience. The present study aims at investigating theeffect of using Mobile Learning (M-learning) on students’ academicachievements and satisfaction. Therefore, quasi-experimental design was used. The study included 104 students who were enrolled in a critical care course at the faculty of Nursing. During the study, the participant were divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group 52 students were able to use a developed mobile application, which includes learning materials and multimedia resources, dedicated to critical care course. On the other hand, control group 52 students were able to explore the classical learning materials form the course. The study included students’ attitudes, students’ satisfaction, and students’ academic achievements. Differences between the two groups were considered significant as the result was p &lt; 0.05. The obtained results showed significance difference between pre-post quizzes achievements between the experimental and control group (p&lt;0.000). Additionally, 76% of the students were satisfied with using M-learning. The study revealed that there was improvement in the student academic achievements and satisfaction when integrating mobile learning into nursing education<span>.</span></p>
The Application of Wireless Communication in IOT for Saving Electrical Energy
Authors: Alrikabi Haider , Alaidi Abdul Hadi , Nasser Khalid 
Published: January 2020

<p>Energy consumption is a huge problem in Iraq, especially in government institutions. Many devices continue operating even after working hours. In this case study, by using IOT technology, we shall show it to be more efficient if we can control the main devices that are consuming a large amount of power. Internet of things (IOT), therefore, is an exciting solution for managing energy consumption in Iraqi government buildings.</p><p>The proposed system has been designed to wake up the devices to start operating at 7:00 AM. 7:00 AM is the standard start of the working day in Iraq. In our proposed system, the case study has been taken based on the universities and institutions. In the universities and institutions, the working day ends at 8:00 PM. This is when our proposed system is designed to power off the main devices. In addition, after 8:00 PM and before 7:00 AM, if there is any device still in operation, the system will send a notification to the manager of the institution.</p><p>Our proposed system has been designed using Arduino mega as a main controller. Also, the module SIM800L GSM has been used to make the communication for notification cases, and the Relay 8 CH has been used as electronic switches for the devices.</p>
Le mécénat artistique en Égypte
Authors: Lapierre Julien Auber de 
Published: January 2020

Dans une société égyptienne ottomane très cosmopolite, un individu est défini par son statut social et son métier, puis par ses convictions religieuses. L’élite copte du xviiie siècle, suivant un usage aussi bien chrétien que musulman, met à profit l’essor économique de la province pour redistribuer une partie des fortunes acquises au profit de l’Église et de leurs coreligionnaires. Qu’ils soient fonctionnaires ou administrateurs, ils participent, à leur manière, à la renaissance artistique qui marque l’histoire de la peinture de dévotion au Caire. Par un partage de goûts communs, ils font preuve d’une conscience de groupe dans une communauté qui émerge à peine à cette époque. Ils ont toujours pris un soin particulier à ce que leurs noms soient indiqués sur les panneaux, au plus près des saintes images, à la recherche de l’intercession pour accéder au Paradis. Prolifiques mécènes, les nombreux travaux se succèdent et célèbrent leurs noms. C’est en confrontant cette nouvelle approche des chrétiens d’Égypte aux récits historiques et aux sources textuelles qu’il devient possible de redécouvrir sous un nouveau jour cette production. Les icônes portant ces dédicaces, souvent inédites, deviennent des témoignages éclairants de la construction communautaire copte.
Le miracle du Muqaṭṭam à travers les siècles
Authors: Roy Gaétan du , Makhoul Manhal , Pilette Perrine 
Published: January 2020

Le miracle du déplacement du Muqaṭṭam circule au sein de la communauté copte depuis un millier d’années. Aujourd’hui encore, il est souvent évoqué par les fidèles de l’Église copte comme un exemple de victoire de la foi chrétienne contre l’islam. Ce récit, même s’il possède des traits structurels fixes, a pourtant connu d’importantes variantes au fil des siècles, au départ de sa première attestation dans le corpus copto-arabe de l’Histoire des Patriarches d’Alexandrie. De manière générale, il a surtout vu se développer ses aspects apologétiques, finissant par inclure la conversion au christianisme du calife al‑Muʿizz, qui fonda la ville du Caire à la fin du xe s. Au xxe s., cette affirmation fit l’objet de débats virulents dans la presse. À partir des années 1970, un jeune prêcheur redonna une nouvelle jeunesse à ce récit en entreprenant de fonder un énorme lieu de culte au Muqaṭṭam, commémorant le miracle. Fruit d’une collaboration entre un historien de l’époque contemporaine et de deux philologues, cet article entend proposer une approche décloisonnée, où l’histoire des textes dialogue avec l’analyse des pratiques contemporaines. Cette recherche montre que, si de nombreuses traditions ont d’anciennes racines, elles n’en sont pas moins toujours réinventées en fonction des contextes successifs au sein desquels elles s’inscrivent.
Aux origines du topos d’Anbā Wannas al‑Aqṣurī et des enjeux identitaires de la communauté chrétienne de Louxor au début du xxe siècle
Authors: Serdiuk Emmanuel 
Published: January 2020

L’émergence d’une tradition hagiographique relatant la vie, les qualités spirituelles et l’exécution du néo‑martyr Anbā Wannas al‑Aqṣurī manifeste autant une problématique relative aux enjeux identitaires de la communauté chrétienne de Louxor du début du xxe siècle, qu’un moyen utilisé par le guide de cette communauté, l’évêque Anbā Marquṣ, pour légitimer la fondation d’un lieu saint. Cette nouvelle topographie sacrée (l’espace) et la tradition qui lui sert de fondement (le mythe) sont respectivement considérées à la lumière de deux approches : l’« hagiotographie » et ce que Lambros Couloubaritsis nomme la « pratique du mythe ». La première vise à dégager les raisons historiques et sociologiques qui expliquent pourquoi, au terme d’un processus de déchristianisation de l’espace urbain (Sossie Andézian parle de « rupture »), il y a nécessité de créer une nouvelle figure sainte et de fonder un nouveau topos (S. Andézian parle de « distinction »). La seconde, nous permet d’analyser en profondeur le mythe (la tradition hagiographique), de dégager les mécanismes cognitifs constitutifs de son architectonique, et enfin les raisons qui expliquent son émergence.
The Maghrebi Vizier and the Haughty Copt
Authors: Van Den Bossche Gowaart 
Published: January 2020

In a widely cited historical anecdote from the year 700/1301, an unidentified Maghrebi vizier is portrayed as visiting Cairo where he becomes outraged at seeing inappropriate non‑Muslim behavior. He then instigates an important act of sumptuary regulation by appealing to the sultan and his advisors. This study argues that the various iterations of this anecdote found in sources from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries show how historians and other authors integrated polemical anti‑ḏimmī discourse in narrative historical form and participated in diachronic discussions about how an ideal Islamic society should be governed. By applying many discursive elements also found in contemporaneous anti‑ḏimmī texts to their historical narration, historians used the character of a bigoted Maghrebi visitor intervening to challenge perceived social wrongs as a rhetorical node to exemplify that ideal Islamic society in an evocative anecdotal form.
An Altered Relationship between Soluble TREM2 and Inflammatory Markers in Young Adults with Down Syndrome: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Weber Grace E. , Koenig Katherine A. , Khrestian Maria , Shao Yvonne , Tuason Elizabeth D. , Gramm Marie , Lal Dennis , Leverenz James B. , Bekris Lynn M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)–related neuropathology, characterized by amyloid plaques with amyloid β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles with tau accumulation. Peripheral inflammation and the innate immune response are elevated in DS. Triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) genetic variants are risk factors for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Soluble TREM2 (sTREM2), a soluble cleavage product of TREM2, is elevated in AD cerebrospinal fluid and positively correlates with cognitive decline. There is relatively little information about TREM2 in DS. Our objective was to examine the relationship between sTREM2 and inflammatory markers in young adults with DS, prior to the development of dementia symptoms. Because TREM2 plays a role in the innate immune response and has been associated with dementia, the hypothesis of this exploratory study was that young adults with DS predementia (n = 15, mean age = 29.5 y) would exhibit a different relationship between sTREM2 and inflammatory markers in plasma, compared with neurotypical, age-matched controls (n = 16, mean age = 29.6 y). Indeed, young adults with DS had significantly elevated plasma sTREM2 and inflammatory markers. Additionally, in young adults with DS, sTREM2 correlated positively with 24 of the measured cytokines, whereas there were no significant correlations in the control group. Hierarchical clustering of sTREM2 and cytokine concentrations also differed between the groups, supporting the hypothesis that its function is altered in people with DS predementia. This preliminary report of human plasma provides a basis for future studies investigating the relationship between TREM2 and the broader immune response predementia.
Re-examining inequality persistence
Authors: Ghoshray Atanu , Monfort Mercedes , Ordóñez Javier 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Although it is not a new phenomenon, in recent years inequality has moved to the top of the political agenda given the concern that will result in political instability and social resentment. Persistence in inequality can further undermine economic growth and development by hindering educational opportunities, human capital formation, and intergenerational mobility. The persistent nature of inequality stands as one of the most serious challenges for the global economy. This paper analyses inequality persistence for a sample of 60 countries from 1984 to 2015. The authors conclude that inequality is persistent and government redistribution polices through taxes and transfers did not significantly reduce inequality persistence.