bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative taxonomy reveals hidden diversity in the southern African darters genus Nannocharax Günther 1867 (Characiformes: Distichodontidae)
Authors: Braganca Pedro H. N. , Smith Timothy G. , Vreven Emmanuel J. W. M. N. , Chakona Albert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study explored the diversity of Nannocharax within southern Africa by implementing three species delimitation methods for a data set consisting of 37 mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences. Two unilocus coalescent methods, the General Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) and the Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP), and a genetic distance method, the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), were applied. Both GMYC and bPTP delimited the same operational taxonomic units (OTUs), revealing a higher diversity for the genus in the region than previously recognised, whereas the ABGD failed to delimit the same candidate species. All methods delimited two species groups, and these are supported based on colouration patterning and morphology; the Nannocharax multifasciatus and the Nannocharax macropterus species groups and the delimited OTUs were assigned to each. Two putative new species were identified, Nannocharax cf. lineostriatus “Okavango” from the Okavango River in Angola and N. cf. lineostriatus “Kwanza” from the Kwanza River system in Angola. The distribution of Nannocharax dageti was confirmed for the Upper Zambezi and extended to the Okavango system, and an identification key for the southern Africa Nannocharax species is provided.
Kinetic analysis of non‐isothermal oxidation of bioactive milk lipids
Authors: Cheng Shouyun , Wei Lin , Muthukumarappan Kasiviswanathan , Martínez‐Monteagudo Sergio I. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe oxidation of pure docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 ω3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 ω3), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, C18:2), and trans‐vaccenic acid (TVA, C18:1 t11) was assessed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at six heating rates (3–18 K min−1) within a range of 300–600 K. The DSC spectra were analyzed using iso‐conversional kinetics to calculate the pre‐exponential factor (Ao), activation energy (Eo), and reaction model (f(α)). The Eo for DHA, EPA, CLA, and TVA varied from 33–40, 36–49, 48–64, and 64–92 kJ/mol, respectively. The Ao were 2.87 ± 0.03, 4.42 ± 0.21, 24.94 ± 1.31, and 580.91 ± 4.61 min−1 for DHA, EPA, CLA, and TVA, respectively. The comparison of the numerically reconstructed model with theoretical values showed that the oxidation of DHA and EPA was best described by an Avrami‐Erofeev model, while a three‐dimensional diffusion model best described the oxidation of CLA and TVA.Practical applicationsThe application of iso‐conversional kinetics to study the oxidation of bioactive milk lipids provides a mathematical tool for describing the oxidation regardless of the complexity of the process. The oxidation of bioactive milk lipids can be modeled using the obtained values of the kinetic triplet. Such modeling can be performed without knowing the mechanisms, which typically involves the use of sophisticated analytical techniques. The obtained results may enable further process development, design, and optimization.
Noninvasive skin imaging in esthetic medicine—Why do we need useful tools for evaluation of the esthetic procedures
Authors: Dopytalska Klaudia , Sobolewski Piotr , Mikucka‐Wituszyńska Agata , Gnatowski Maciej , Szymańska Elżbieta , Walecka Irena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite the constant development of aesthetic medicine, there is still a lack of objective methods to assess the effectiveness of antiaging treatments and their impact on the skin. Histopathological examination of the skin section provides most of the key information about the condition of the skin, but it is an invasive procedure that requires a skin biopsy, which may be associated with the formation of a scar that is considered to be an aesthetic defect. Non‐invasive imaging methods of the skin like dermoscopy, skin ultrasonography and reflectance confocal microscopy may be a useful solution.Aims and MethodsIn this systematic review, we present the possible application of noninvasive skin imaging methods in esthetic medicine. The literature search was conducted via medical database (PubMed, Google Scholar).ResultsThe research suggests the use of dermoscopy during laser therapy, for the targeted treatment of vascular lesions and appropriate adjustment of laser parameters. Skin ultrasonography, especially high‐frequency ultrasonography, has been widely used in aesthetic medicine‐during and after volumetric treatments and in the assessment of the effects of anti‐cellulite therapies, treatments that correct discolorations and improve skin quality. Publications also highlight the importance of reflexive confocal microscopy in the evaluation of the results of anti‐aging treatments using the fractional laser, moisturizing preparations or micro puncturing combined with hyaluronic acid injections.ConclusionNon‐invasive skin imaging methods are useful tools for pre‐ and postoperative assessment in aesthetic medicine and their wide application may help to objectively assess the impact of anti‐aging procedures on the skin.
Information Consumption and Asset Pricing
Authors: BEN‐REPHAEL AZI , CARLIN BRUCE I. , DA ZHI , ISRAELSEN RYAN D. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTWe study whether firm and macroeconomic announcements that convey systematic information generate a return premium for firms that experience information spillovers. We use information consumption to proxy for investor learning during these announcements and construct ex ante measures of expected information consumption (EIC) to calibrate whether learning is priced. On days when there are information spillovers, affected stocks earn a significant return premium (5% annualized) and the capital asset pricing model performs better. The positive effect of the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee announcements on the risk premia of individual stocks appears to be modulated by EIC. Our findings are most consistent with a risk‐based explanation.
Two cases of larger cornual residual villi, treated by the hysteroscopic cold knife
Authors: Li Congqing , Cong Lin , Wang Wenyan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present report describes two cases of larger cornual residual villi after dilatation and curettage because of missed abortion, treated by the hysteroscopic cold knife. One case is 39 years old and the other is 30 years old, both cases were treated with dilatation and curettage because of missed abortion, surprisingly, one of the patients suffered two curettage surgeries. After the curettage, with irregular vaginal bleeding more than 3 months, pelvic ultrasonography revealed an enlarged uterine cavity with a lager cornual residual villi was suspected. We treated them with Hysteroscopy Endo‐Operative System, the operation was successful without any complications. The blood β‐HCG drops rapidly to normal after surgery. We performed office hysteroscopy for them 1 month after the operation, and the corners of uterine were normal. The hysteroscopic cold knife may represent a valid tool for the treatment of large cornual residual villi.
Cellular heterogeneity and microenvironmental control of skin cancer
Authors: Lichtenberger B. M. , Kasper M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHealthy tissues harbour a surprisingly high number of cells that carry well‐known cancer‐causing mutations without impacting their physiological function. In recent years, strong evidence accumulated that the immediate environment of mutant cells profoundly impact their prospect of malignant progression. In this review, focusing on the skin, we investigate potential key mechanisms that ensure tissue homeostasis despite the presence of mutant cells, as well as critical factors that may nudge the balance from homeostasis to tumour formation. Functionalin vivostudies and single‐cell transcriptome analyses have revealed a tremendous cellular heterogeneity and plasticity within epidermal (stem) cells and their respective niches, revealing for example wild‐type epithelial cells, fibroblasts or immune‐cell subsets as critical in preventing cancer formation and malignant progression. It’s the same cells, however, that can drive carcinogenesis. Therefore, understanding the abundance and molecular variation of cell types in health and disease, and how they interact and modulate the local signalling environment will thus be key for new therapeutic avenues in our battle against cancer.
Elevated markers of gut leakage and inflammasome activation in COVID‐19 patients with cardiac involvement
Authors: Hoel H. , Heggelund L. , Reikvam D. H. , Stiksrud B. , Ueland T. , Michelsen A. E. , Otterdal K. , Muller K. E. , Lind A. , Muller F. , Dudman S. , Aukrust P. , Dyrhol‐Riise A. M. , Holter J. C. , Trøseid M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundA high proportion of COVID‐19 patients have cardiac involvement, even those without known cardiac disease. Downregulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2 and the renin‐angiotensin system, as well as inflammatory mechanisms have been suggested to play a role. ACE2 is abundant in the gut and associated with gut microbiota composition. We hypothesized that gut leakage of microbial products, and subsequent inflammasome activation could contribute to cardiac involvement in COVID‐19 patients.MethodsPlasma levels of a gut leakage marker (LPS‐binding protein, LBP), a marker of enterocyte damage (intestinal fatty acid binding protein, IFABP), a gut homing marker (CCL25, ligand for chemokine receptor CCR9) and markers of inflammasome activation (IL‐1β, IL‐18 and their regulatory proteins) were measured at three time points (day 1, 3–5 and 7–10) in 39 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients and related to cardiac involvement.ResultsCompared to controls, COVID‐19 patients had elevated plasma levels of LBP and CCL25 but not IFABP, suggesting impaired gut barrier function and accentuated gut homing of T cells without excessive enterocyte damage. Levels of LBP were twice as high at baseline in patients with elevated cardiac markers compared with those without and remained elevated during hospitalization. Also, markers of inflammasome activation were moderately elevated in patients with cardiac involvement. LBP was associated with higher NT‐pro‐BNP levels, whereas IL‐18, IL‐18BP and IL‐1Ra were associated with higher troponin levels.ConclusionPatients with cardiac involvement had elevated markers of gut leakage and inflammasome activation, suggestive of a potential gut‐heart axis in COVID‐19.
Interpersonal perception and interpersonal spin
Authors: Clegg Kayleigh‐Ann , Moskowitz D. S. , Miners Christopher T. H. , Andrevski Goce , Sadikaj Gentiana , Zuroff David C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionInterpersonal spin is an indicator of intraindividual variability in social behavior. Spin is positively related to Neuroticism and is maladaptive, with well‐documented deleterious effects on social functioning. The perceptual processes associated with spin and how spin emerges are less well‐understood. The present research examines the interpersonal perception of individuals with higher spin and tests whether these perceptual processes explain the association of spin with Neuroticism.Method267 students participated in a 20‐day event contingent recording procedure, reporting on social interactions via mobile application. Participants' perceptions of others' behavior, their own affect, and their own behavior were measured within and across interactions.ResultsWe examined the affective and behavioral responses of individuals with higher spin to perceptions of others' behaviors. Individuals with higher spin showed greater affective and behavioral reactivity to perceptions of others' communal (agreeable‐quarrelsome) behavior. Neuroticism predicted greater affective reactivity (i.e., steeper slopes between event‐level perceived communion and negative affect), which in turn predicted higher spin.ConclusionsIndividuals with higher spin may have an interpersonal style characterized by greater reactivity to perceptions of others' communal behavior. These individuals' behavioral lability may reflect underlying emotional dysregulation. These processes may ultimately interfere with the formation and maintenance of social bonds.
Adverse events associated with paediatric intrathecal baclofen in Australia: 5 years of data collection
Authors: Tyack Louise , Copeland Lisa , McCartney Lynn , Waugh Mary‐Clare 
Published: September 2020

AimThis study aims to examine the adverse event (AE) rate for intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy in an Australian paediatric population and to clarify type and frequency of AEs.MethodsAE data were extracted from the Australian Paediatric ITB Research Group national database, to include the first 5 years of data collection. Raw data were collated and analysed descriptively.ResultsData were collected for 40 patients. Forty‐seven AEs in 23 patients were reported. Ten (25%) patients required surgical intervention related to their AE. Five patients (12.5%) required pump removal. The most frequent ITB‐related AEs were catheter dysfunction (24%), drug overdose, withdrawal or sensitivity (19%), seromas and haematomas (15%) and infections (13%).ConclusionsThe AE rate for ITB therapy is high and needs to be considered when counselling patients regarding ITB as a therapeutic option.
Advancing value in oral health through meaningful measurement
Authors: Herndon Jill Boylston , Amundson Craig W. , Ojha Diptee , Koday Mark 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCentral to all value‐based purchasing (VBP) approaches are value metrics, the measurements used to drive improvement, facilitate payment, and evaluate results of VBP programs. This article outlines approaches for adopting meaningful measurement systems that can be used to support VBP in the near term and identifies systemic changes critical to developing more robust measurement systems to advance VBP in the future.
Airport Servicescape, Approach Intentions, and the Mediating Role of Perceived Merchandise Value and Shopping Value1
Authors: Zhou Chenchen , Gou Mingxia , Ji Ming , LI YING , You Xuqun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite the large body of work on approach intentions in airport servicescapes, literature considering cognitive evaluations as a possible mediator is lacking. The aim of this study is to address this gap in literature by investigating the effect of an airport servicescape environment on approach intentions through cognitive evaluations on the foundation of the stimulus–organism–response framework. Data of 484 passengers at Chinese international airports were collected. Overall, perceived merchandise value significantly mediated the relationship between airport servicescapes and approach intentions; perceived merchandise value and shopping value acted as chain mediators between airport servicescapes and approach intentions. The theoretical implications are discussed, and the results could be used by airport stores to achieve higher approach intentions.
New pelagophytes show a novel mode of algal colony development and reveal a perforated theca that may define the class
Authors: Wetherbee Richard , Bringloe Trevor T. , Costa Joana F. , van de Meene Allison , Andersen Robert A. , Verbruggen Heroen 
Published: September 2020

Pelagophytes (Heterokonta) are a morphologically diverse class of marine algae historically united only by DNA sequences. We established clonal cultures of sand‐dwelling pelagophytes collected from intertidal pools around Australia. Phylogenetic trees based on nuclear 18S rDNA and plastidrbcL,psaA,psaB,psbA, andpsbC sequences revealed two new genera,GaziaandGlomerochrysis, related toAureoumbrain a distinct lineage within the Sarcinochrysidaceae (Pelagophyceae). The three new species (Gaziasaundersii,Gazia australica,andGlomerochrysis psammophila), along with an Australian strain ofAureoumbrageitleri,are characterized by dominant benthic stages that differ significantly from one another, while occasionally producing classic heterokont zoospores. The benthic stage ofGa. saundersiihas a novel development not observed in any other colonial alga, consisting of large, spherical colonies (up to 140 μm in diameter) containing c. 2,500 cells that eventually differentiate and segregate into a large number of daughter colonies that are subsequently liberated. Alternatively, colonies may differentiate into a mass of zoospores that escape and settle to develop into new colonies. InGl. psammophila, cubic packets of cells form large sticky clusters that bind sand together, whileGa. australicaandA. geitleriare unicellular species. Using fixation by high‐pressure freezing, a distinctive perforated theca was observed by TEM in all genera of this lineage, and we hypothesize this unique covering may be the first morphological feature to characterize most, if not all, pelagophytes. This study substantiates the diverse nature of sand‐dwelling pelagophytes as well as their mechanisms for thriving in a dynamic habitat.
Cluster of cases of congenital feline goitrous hypothyroidism in a single hospital
Authors: Iturriaga M. P. , Cocio J. A. , Barrs V. R. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo describe the clinicopathological findings and outcomes of cases of feline congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed in a single veterinary hospital in Santiago, Chile.Materials and MethodsMedical records were searched for cases of congenital hypothyroidism over an 18‐month period. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism based on consistent historical and clinical findings, a low or low‐normal serum total T4 and elevated serum canine TSH (cTSH).ResultsSix unrelated cats ranging in age from 4 to 19 months met the inclusion criteria. The most common historical signs were small stature and lethargy. All cats had disproportionate dwarfism, delayed tooth eruption, retained deciduous teeth, bilateral palpable goitres and low rectal temperatures. Other findings were bradycardia, obesity, poor hair coat and focal alopecia on the ventral aspects of the elbows and hocks. In all cases, cTSH was markedly elevated. Sequential changes noted after the initiation of therapy included normal T4 after 6 weeks, improved hair coat and increased physical activity by 8 weeks, normal cTSH by 10 weeks and normal physical appearance and dentition after 4 months. Goitres shrank markedly but remained palpable. Hypothyroidism was well managed clinically in all cases 2 years after diagnosis except for one cat that died of unrelated causes.Clinical SignificanceThis is the first report to describe a cluster of congenital hypothyroidism cases in non‐related cats that were presented over a short period of time. Growth defects resolve with treatment, even in cats diagnosed after puberty. Larger, prospective multi‐centre studies are warranted to determine the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in cats.
An artificial neural network‐based model to predict chronic kidney disease in aged cats
Authors: Biourge Vincent , Delmotte Sebastien , Feugier Alexandre , Bradley Richard , McAllister Molly , Elliott Jonathan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) frequently causes death in older cats; its early detection is challenging.ObjectivesTo build a sensitive and specific model for early prediction of CKD in cats using artificial neural network (ANN) techniques applied to routine health screening data.AnimalsData from 218 healthy cats ≥7 years of age screened at the Royal Veterinary College (RVC) were used for model building. Performance was tested using data from 3546 cats in the Banfield Pet Hospital records and an additional 60 RCV cats—all initially without a CKD diagnosis.MethodsArtificial neural network (ANN) modeling used a multilayer feed‐forward neural network incorporating a back‐propagation algorithm. Clinical variables from single cat visits were selected using factorial discriminant analysis. Independent submodels were built for different prediction time frames. Two decision threshold strategies were investigated.ResultsInput variables retained were plasma creatinine and blood urea concentrations, and urine specific gravity. For prediction of CKD within 12 months, the model had accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 88%, 87%, 70%, 53%, and 92%, respectively. An alternative decision threshold increased specificity and PPV to 98% and 87%, but decreased sensitivity and NPV to 42% and 79%, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceA model was generated that identified cats in the general population ≥7 years of age that are at risk of developing CKD within 12 months. These individuals can be recommended for further investigation and monitoring more frequently than annually. Predictions were based on single visits using common clinical variables.
Negative workplace behavior and coping strategies among nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hawkins Natasha , Jeong Sarah , Smith Tony 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNegative workplace behavior affecting nurses is an internationally recognized problem. This study examines the types and extent of negative workplace behavior experienced by nurses in non‐metropolitan, regional acute care settings and their ways of coping when subject to that behavior. A cross‐sectional study was conducted involving 74 nurse participants in four regional hospitals in Australia. The structured questionnaire consisted of four parts: demographic questions, the Negative Acts Questionnaire – Revised, questions on exposure to bullying and/or incivility and policy awareness and use of pathways, and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Overall, 34% of participants were exposed to bullying and 49% to incivility over the previous month. The most common type of negative workplace behavior reported was “work‐related bullying,” which included exposure to excessive workloads, unrealistic deadlines, and information being withheld. Nurses reported the use of a variety of coping mechanisms, including problem‐focused coping strategies and seeking social support. The findings imply that negative workplace behaviors occur not only at individual nursesʼ level but also derive from the broader contexts of organizational management and systemic factors.