bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic dexpanthenol as a novel treatment for female pattern hair loss
Authors: Kutlu Ömer , Metin Ahmet 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are only a few drugs that have been used for the treatment of female pattern hair loss (FPHL).AimsThrough use of the Dermatologic Life Quality Index (DLQI) and a modified hair growth questionnaire, we aimed to evaluate the effect of dexpanthenol (DXP) as a new option for FPHL.MethodsWomen who received 500 mg intramuscular DXP weekly for FPHL were included in this study. They were evaluated in terms of DLQI and laboratory characteristics, before and after DXP treatment, and were examined with a modified hair growth questionnaire.ResultsOverall satisfaction with the appearance of the hair was described by the patients as 57.1% “ I am satisfied,” 28.6% “I am very satisfied,” and 14.3% “I am neutral (neither satisfied nor dissatisfied).” There was a statistical difference between the mean DLQI scores before and after DXP treatment (P < .001). No statistical difference was found in the laboratory characteristics of the patients before and after DXP treatment (P > 0.05). No side effect was reported during DXP treatment.ConclusionDexpanthenol is a safe and novel drug that may increase the quality of life in patients with FPHL.
Investigating the effects of two volatile phenols on aroma perception of four red wine cultivars using Projective Mapping
Authors: McKay Marianne , Bauer Florian F. , Panzeri Valeria , Buica Astrid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPerception of aroma compounds in wine is the result of complex phenomena, in which the compounds, their concentrations, the matrix, and their interactions play a role. In order to evaluate the impact of compounds and matrices on red wine aroma perception, a two‐part study was conducted. First, the work evaluated Projective Mapping (PM) and Descriptive Analysis (DA) in assessing olfactory interactions in a large (n = 18) set of red wine samples. Both methods generated a rich and comparable set of descriptors (21 and 28 for DA and PM, respectively), indicating that the rapid method was fit for purpose. Subsequently, PM was used to test the olfactory effects of 4‐ethyl phenol (4‐EP) and o‐cresol in four red cultivars by a trained panel of twelve judges. There were marked similarities in the impact of these compounds in all cultivars regarding aspects such as loss of fruitiness. However, important differences in the sensory profiles of similarly spiked samples were also observed, highlighting the importance of matrix effects.Practical ApplicationsThe results confirm that work related to wine matrices can be carried out with a trained panel using PM rather than DA. This finding suggests that limiting aspects of DA (e.g., the large number of samples generated through experimental design) can be addressed through careful choice of evaluation method, while taking into account the fine balance between gain and loss of relevant information. The study furthermore emphasizes the need to carefully consider the composition of the matrix when determining and comparing olfactory perceptual interactions in wine, and when evaluating the effects of treatments on wine aroma.
Contrast sensitivity and binocular reading speed best correlating with near distance vision‐related quality of life in bilateral nAMD
Authors: Rossouw Petra , Guichard Maria M , Hatz Katja 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeBilateral neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD) causes difficulties in daily life, especially with regard to near‐vision tasks, despite well preserved Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at distance. Therefore, alternative visual function measures were evaluated in terms of their correlation with vision‐related quality of life scores (QoL).MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional pilot study including patients with a diagnosis of bilateral nAMD having lesions within the central 1 mm ETDRS grid subfield. Standardised testing included a vision‐related QoL assessment (NEI‐VFQ25), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), low luminance visual acuity (LLVA), Radner maximum reading speed and Pelli‐Robson contrast sensitivity (CS).ResultsN = 54. The mean better eye (range) BCVA was 79 (55–96) letters, median (range) LLVA 79.5 (58–97) letters and median (range) CS 1.35 (0–1.65) log units. Mean binocular maximum reading speed was 117.33 ± 28.42 wpm. The best correlations with the near subscale score were found for CS followed by binocular maximum reading speed (r = 0.59, p = 0.0001; r = 0.36, p = 0.008, respectively). A weaker correlation was observed for the BCVA in the better eye (r = 0.33, p = 0.02). The correlation between the NEI‐VFQ25 distance subscale and BCVA was weaker (r = 0.37, p = 0.005) than the correlations with CS (r = 0.67, p = 0.0001) and LLVA (r = 0.40, p = 0.003).ConclusionsFor patients with a bilateral centre‐involving nAMD, the best correlation with near QoL was the better eye CS followed by maximum binocular reading speed. These measures could be valuable in quantifying vision‐related QoL outcomes in AMD clinical trials.
The ligament of Marshall and arrhythmias: A review
Authors: He Bo , Wang Xiaoying , Zhao Fang , Guo Tao , Po Sunny S. , Lu Zhibing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe ligament of Marshall (LOM) is a remnant of the embryonic sinus venosus and left cardinal vein, and contains fat and fibrous tissues, blood vessels, muscle bundles, nerve fibers, and ganglia. The complexity of LOM's structure makes it as a source of triggers and drivers as well as substrates of re‐entry for atrial arrhythmias, especially for atrial fibrillation (AF). LOM also serves as a portion of left atrial macro‐re‐entrant circuit, especially peri‐mitral isthmus re‐entrant circuit. Experimental studies demonstrate that the LOM acts as a sympathetic conduit between the left stellate ganglion and the ventricles, and participates in the initiation and maintenance of ventricular arrhythmias. Endocardial or epicardial catheter ablation or ethanol infusion into the vein of Marshall may serve as an important adjunct therapy to pulmonary vein isolation in patients with advanced stage of AF, and may help alleviate ventricular arrhythmias as well.
Automatic extraction of sophisticated qualitative trajectory relationships between two moving objects in space‐time
Authors: Vahidnia Mohammad H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA comparison of moving objects’ trajectories in space‐time based on descriptive and qualitative interpretations is useful in many GIS‐related studies. Qualitative relationships help to answer questions such as “Do the objects meet each other?” or “Do the objects move towards or away from each other?” Questions about moving objects can be efficiently addressed using quantitative and computational techniques such as data mining of trajectory datasets but expressed in terms of qualitative relationships. It is, however, difficult to recognize these qualitative relationships when the trajectories are large and consist of many parts, where a sophisticated qualitative relationship can be formed from the aggregation of simple ones. For this reason, this study introduces two classes of trajectory relationships: initial qualitative trajectory relationships (IQTR) and combinatory qualitative trajectory relationships (CQTR). It also suggests effective algorithmic approaches to automatically retrieve them. The proposed algorithm for IQTR using min‐heap and linked‐list data structure could effectively reduce the time complexity from O(n2) to O(n log n). For CQTRs, a divide‐and‐conquer and recursive technique and a linked‐path structure again managed to reduce the time complexity from O(n2) to O(n log n). Finally, experiments on large datasets suggest the capability of the proposed methods in terms of performance and stability.
A novel labeling strategy reveals that myosin Va and myosin Vb bind the same dendritically polarized vesicle population
Authors: Frank Madeline , Citarella Clara G. , Quinones Geraldine B. , Bentley Marvin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeurons are specialized cells with a polarized geometry and several distinct subdomains that require specific complements of proteins. Delivery of transmembrane proteins requires vesicle transport, which is mediated by molecular motor proteins. The myosin V family of motor proteins mediates transport to the barbed end of actin filaments, and little is known about the vesicles bound by myosin V in neurons. We developed a novel strategy to visualize myosin V‐labeled vesicles in cultured hippocampal neurons and systematically characterized the vesicle populations labeled by myosin Va and Vb. We find that both myosins bind vesicles that are polarized to the somatodendritic domain where they undergo bidirectional long‐range transport. A series of two‐color imaging experiments showed that myosin V specifically colocalized with two different vesicle populations: vesicles labeled with the transferrin receptor and vesicles labeled by low‐density lipoprotein receptor. Finally, coexpression with Kinesin‐3 family members found that myosin V binds vesicles concurrently with KIF13A or KIF13B, supporting the hypothesis that coregulation of kinesins and myosin V on vesicles is likely to play an important role in neuronal vesicle transport. We anticipate that this new assay will be applicable in a broad range of cell types to determine the function of myosin V motor proteins.
Assessment of biomarkers influencing treatment success on small intestinal lymphoma in dogs
Authors: Yamazaki Hiroki , Sasai Hiroshi , Tanaka Miyuu , Tanaka Toshiyuki , Nishida Hidetaka , Noguchi Shunsuke , Kuwamura Mitsuru , Akiyoshi Hideo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to determine a reliable therapeutic biomarker for localized small intestinal lymphoma (SIL) in dogs based on clinical and histopathological features. We retrospectively investigated 84 dogs with localized SIL, including 36 dogs receiving surgery and 48 dogs receiving chemotherapy. The dogs receiving surgery were divided into two subgroups: 18 dogs (group 1) with overall survival (OS) <120 days (median OS) and 18 dogs (group 2) with OS ≥120 days. Correspondingly, the dogs receiving chemotherapy were divided into 24 dogs (group 3) with OS <98 days (median OS) and 24 dogs (group 4) with OS ≥98 days. Clinical, haematological, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were comparatively evaluated among the four subgroups. There was no significant difference in OS between the surgery and chemotherapy groups. In dogs receiving surgery, the rate of Ki67‐positive cells was significantly increased in group 1 compared to group 2 and showed no significant difference between groups 3 and 4. In dogs receiving chemotherapy, the rate of O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4 and showed no significant difference between groups 1 and 2. Additionally, our data showed that OS in dogs with higher Ki67 expression might be significantly increased by chemotherapy than by surgery, that of those with higher MGMT expression might be significantly increased by surgery than by chemotherapy, and Ki67 and MGMT were independent of each other. Indices of Ki67 and MGMT are suggested therapeutic biomarkers to determine the optimal first‐line treatment for localized SIL in dogs.
PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL AND TOCOTRIENOL-RICH FRACTION ON BONE BIOMECHANICS
Authors: Abdul Malik Mohd Maaruf , Che Ab Ghani Dina Fariha , Uzaimi A'isyah Nabila , Shuid Ahmad Nazrun 
Published: September 2020

Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease characterized by low bone mineral density. Both virgin coconut oil (VCO) and tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) are known to have higher antioxidant activity. The study aimed to determine the effect of combined therapy of VCO and TRF on biomechanical bone strength parameters of the ovariectomised rat model fed with high fat diet and heated palm oil. Thirty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into; Sham-operated (SHAM), ovariectomised control (OVX), ovariectomised and given Premarin 64.5 µg/kg (OVX+P), ovariectomised and given VCO 1.43 ml/kg (OVX+V), ovariectomised and given TRF 30 mg/kg (OVX+T) and ovariectomised and given combined therapy of VCO and TRF (OVX+VT). Following 24 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and the right femora were analyzed for three-point bending test using Shimadzu machine (AG-X 500 N). The parameters were divided into two classes: extrinsic (load, displacement and stiffness) and intrinsic (stress, strain and Young modulus). The statistical tests used were analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey’s HSD test. The Young modulus value of OVX+VT group was significantly higher than OVX+V and OVX+T groups (p<0.05). Combined therapy of VCO and TRF have offered better bone protective effects than single dose of VCO or TRF in preventing bone loss of osteoporotic rat model.
A SYNCHRONIZATION LOSS DETECTION METHOD FOR PMSM SPEED SENSORLESS CONTROL
Authors: Harini Bernadeta Wuri , Husnayain Faiz , Subiantoro Aries , Yusivar Feri 
Published: September 2020

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) is an AC motor in which the rotor must operate at synchronous speed in all load conditions. If the motor mechanical load increases, the motor can lose synchronization, stopping the motor. In sensorless control systems, i.e., those without speed sensors, the speed is estimated from the stator current using the Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) algorithm. Because such systems therefore cannot detect the loss of synchronization, it is necessary to design a synchronization loss detection system. Here, another speed estimation calculated from the stator currents and voltages is introduced. The speed is called a calculated speed. In the normal condition (synchronous condition), estimated speed and calculated speed will be approximately equal. However, when synchronization loss occurs, these two speed values diverge. On the basis of this phenomenon, a synchronization loss detection algorithm and method are developed. The algorithm’s speed-delta boundary values and detection period must be determined. The greater the setpoint speed, the higher the speed-delta boundary values but the smaller the detection period. The experiments confirm that the proposed algorithm is able to effectively detect the occurrence of synchronization loss.
A Novel Method for Transient Heat Conduction in a Quasi-Periodic Structure With Nonlinear Defects
Authors: Cui Haichao , Gao Qiang , Li Xiaolan , Ouyang Huajiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes an efficient numerical method for transient heat conduction in a quasi-periodic structure with nonlinear defects. According to the physical features of transient heat conduction, a quasi-superposition principle for transient heat conduction in a quasi-periodic structure with nonlinear defects is presented, and then a new method is developed to separate the above nonlinear problem to be solved into a linear problem of a perfect periodic structure and nonlinear problems of some small-scale structures with defects. As the scale of nonlinear problem to be solved is significantly reduced and low computational resource is required, outstanding efficiency is achieved. Finally, a numerical example shows that the proposed method is effective and accurate.
Effect of Non-Newtonian Dynamics on the Clearance of Mucus From Bifurcating Lung Airway Models
Authors: Rajendran Rahul R. , Banerjee Arindam 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Mucus hypersecretion is a common pathophysiological manifestation of several obstructive airway diseases in which the mucociliary clearance is impaired, and the airflow generated by a cough or a forced expiratory maneuver called the huff is primarily responsible for clearing mucus. This airflow driven clearance of mucus is a complex process that is affected by the mucus rheology, airflow rate, airway geometry, and gravity. This study examines the role of mucus rheology in the transport and distribution of mucus in idealized 3D airway geometries. The complex air-mucus interface was tracked by the volume-of-fluid (VOF) model, and the turbulence in the core airflow was modeled using the k–ω shear stress transport (SST) model. Mucus was modeled as a shear-thinning liquid by using a power-law model. The computational model was validated using in vitro experimental data available in the literature. Gravity-dominated eccentric core-annular flow was observed with the core biased toward the outer wall in the inclined daughter branches of the bifurcation models, which transitions into concentric core-annular flow in the trachea. The increase in tangential shear at the interface due to the secondary flow structures developed in the flow divider location resulted in a region of enhanced mucus clearance with reduced mucus layer thickness. Secondary flow developed due to the curvature in the airway geometry resulted in a local redistribution of mucus that reduced the eccentricity. The accumulation of mucus around the carinal ridges and the regions with reduced clearance are sites with the potential for microbial growth.
Methodology for Measurement of Density of Liquid Oxides
Authors: Hrbek Jan , Mészáros Bence , Paukov Mykhaylo , Kudláč Martin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Measurement of physical properties of materials in extreme conditions, such as high temperature, is limited by technological challenges. Nevertheless, modeling of several phenomena relies on the existence of experimental data for their validation. In this study, a method suitable for determination of density in a liquid phase at high temperature is proposed and tested on Al2O3–ZrO2 system. A methodology for acquiring the temperature dependence of density for radioactive materials is proposed and is aimed to refine severe nuclear accidents modeling. The oxide was melted in an induction furnace with a cold crucible. The measurement was based on evaluation of the volume of the melt at different temperatures, in a range from 2100 to 2400 °C. The densities of the oxide in the solid-state and the skull-layer were measured using a pycnometer. A temperature dependence of the density was established and the results were compared with literature. The difference between existing data and the measured values in this work was less than 5%. Thus, the proposed methodology provides reliable density values in extreme conditions.
Wind Turbine Multivariate Power Modeling Techniques for Control and Monitoring Purposes
Authors: Astolfi Davide , Castellani Francesco , Natili Francesco 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Wind turbine performance monitoring is a complex task because the power has a multivariate dependence on ambient conditions and working parameters. Furthermore, wind turbine nacelle anemometers are placed behind the rotor span and the control system estimates the upwind flow through a nacelle transfer function: this introduces a data quality issue. This study is devoted to the analysis of data-driven techniques for wind turbine performance control and monitoring: operation data of six 850 kW wind turbines sited in Italy have been employed. The objective of this study is an assessment of several easily implementable techniques and input variables selections for data-driven models whose target is the power of a wind turbine. Three model types are selected: one is linear (Principal Component Regression) and two are nonlinear (Support Vector Regression with Gaussian Kernel and Feedforward Artificial Neural Network). The models' validation provides meaningful indications: the linear model in general has lower performance because it cannot reproduce properly the nonlinear pitch behavior when approaching rated power. Therefore, it is concluded that a nonlinear model should be employed and the achieved mean absolute error is of the order of 1.3% of the rated power. Furthermore, the errors are kept at the order of 2% of the rated power for the models whose input is the rotor speed instead that wind speed: this observation supports that, in case it is needed because of nacelle anemometer biases, the power monitoring can be acceptably implemented using the rotor speed.
Comparing Elements of Study Abroad Among Sport Management Students
Authors: LeCrom Carrie , Dwyer Brendan , Greenhalgh Gregory , Goebert Chad , Gellock Jennifer 
Published: September 2020

A globalized curriculum has the potential to prepare students in a way that equips them for whatever sport looks like in the future. Study abroad programs are one way to achieve this. The current study looked at two short-term study abroad programs (one to western Europe, one to South Africa), offered during the same semester at the same institution, comparing learning outcomes between students on the two trips. Utilizing a mixed methods design, students completed quantitative pre/post surveys and responded to qualitative, open-ended daily prompts while on the trips. Findings indicate that knowledge acquisition occurs in both programs; however, students traveling on a sport-focused service-based trip to South Africa had a more transformational learning experience than those traveling on a sport-business-focused trip to western Europe.
Neonatal videolaryngoscopy as a teaching aid: the trainees’ perspective
Authors: O'Shea Joyce E , Kirolos Sandy , Thio Marta , Kamlin C Omar Farouk , Davis Peter G 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionNeonatal intubation is a challenging skill to acquire. A randomised controlled trial (RCT) found junior trainees had higher intubation success rates if their supervisor shared their airway view on a videolaryngoscope screen compared with intubations where the supervisor could not see the videolaryngoscope screen. The intubations in the trial were supervised by a group of experienced neonatologists who developed an intubation teaching package that aimed to be informative, consistent and supportive. We surveyed the trainees to assess their experiences of the intubation attempts.MethodsTrainees participating in the RCT completed questionnaires anonymously after each intubation attempt. Questionnaires used 5-point Likert scales and free comment sections. Quantitative analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. In a qualitative analysis, free comments were coded to identify central recurring themes.ResultsTwo hundred and six questionnaires were completed by 36 trainees. The majority reported that the guidance received during intubation was helpful, the postprocedure feedback was educational and their confidence levels were increased. Trainees appreciated a controlled environment and calm, consistent guidance. They found intubations in the delivery room, those involving unstable infants, large audiences and parental presence more stressful. Responses were positive whether the videolaryngoscope screen was visible or covered, emphasising the importance of consistent guidance. Overall, 16% of intubations were reported as intimidating.ConclusionThe shared airway view offered by videolaryngoscopy was well received. In addition, taking measures to control the setting, with standardised guidance and feedback, improved confidence and created a more positive learning experience.