bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does per-oral endoscopic myotomy compare to Heller myotomy? The Latin American perspective
Authors: Kahaleh Michel , Tyberg Amy , Suresh Supriya , Lambroza Arnon , Gaidhane Monica , Zamarripa Felipe , Martínez Guadalupe Ma , Carames Juan C. , Moura Eduardo T. , Farias Galileu F. , Porfilio Maria G. , Nieto Jose , Rey Mario , Rodriguez Casas Fernando , Mondragón Hernández Oscar V. , Vargas-Rubio Romulo , Canadas Raul , Hani Albis , Munoz Guillermo , Castillo Bismarck , Lukashok Hannah P. , Robles-Medranda Carlos , de Moura Eduardo G 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and study aims Both Heller myotomy (HM) and per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) are efficacious therapies for achalasia. The efficacy and safety of POEM vs HM in Latin America and specifically in patients with Chagas disease is unknown.Patients and methods Consecutive patients undergoing either HM or POEM for achalasia were included from nine Latin American centers in a prospective registry over 5 years. Technical success was defined as undergoing a successful myotomy. Clinical success was defined as achieving an Eckardt score < 3. Data on demographics, procedure info, Eckardt score, and adverse events (AEs) were collected. Student’s t test, Chi squared, and logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results One hundred thirty-three patients were included (59 male; 44 %; mean age 47). POEM was performed in 69 patients, HM in 64 patients. A total of 35 patients had Chagas disease, 17 of 69 in the POEM group, 18 of 64 in the HM group. Both groups had significant reduction in Eckardt scores (P < 0.00001), but successful initial therapy was significantly higher in the POEM group compared to the HM group (P = 0.01304). AEs were similar in both group (17 % vs 14 %) and consisted of pneumothorax (n = 3 vs 2), bleeding requiring transfusion (n = 3 vs 2), and mediastinitis (n = 3 vs 1). Hospital stay was longer in the HM group than in the POEM group (P < 0.00001). In the Chagas subgroup, post-procedure Eckardt score in the POEM group was significantly reduced by 5.71 points (P < 0.00001) versus 1.56 points in the HM group (P = 0.042793).Conclusion Both HM and POEM are efficacious for achalasia, but POEM was associated with higher initial therapy success and shorter hospital stay in Latin America. In Chagas patients with achalasia, POEM was significantly more effective than HM.
Clear cap-assisted luminal stenting may improve technical success in gastroduodenal and colonic obstruction
Authors: Fung Brian M. , Chen Formosa C. , Tabibian James H. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Luminal stenting is safe, effective, and at times the preferred method for relieving gastrointestinal obstruction. However, stent placement is not technically feasible when lesions cannot be traversed with a guidewire, resulting in the need for more invasive methods of palliation and urgent/emergent surgical intervention. In this series, we report our experience with cap-assisted stenting to improve lumen visualization in obstructed segments of the gastrointestinal tract and salvage cases that may have otherwise resulted in technical failure.
Methods A clear cap (i. e. distal attachment) was affixed to the scope tip to facilitate visualization and stenting in two cases of gastroduodenal obstruction and three cases of colonic obstruction. Indications for stent placement included malignant obstruction, diverticulitis-associated obstruction, and Crohn’s disease-associated stricture.
Results In this report, we demonstrate that use of a clear cap facilitated endoscopic stenting in challenging cases of malignant and benign gastroduodenal and colonic obstruction.
Conclusions A clear cap for endoscopic stenting can be used in cases in which standard techniques are unsuccessful or those anticipated to be technically difficult at the outset. Cases with tortuous anatomy or particularly tight, friable, or exophytic obstructive lesions may benefit most from this novel technical modification.
Recombinant Human Thyrotropin-Stimulated Radioiodine Therapy in
Patients with Multinodular Goiters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled
Trials
Authors: Xu Chunmei , Wang Ping , Miao Huikai , Xie Tianyue , Zhou Xiaojun , Zhang Qian , Jiang Shan , Zhang Rui , Liao Lin , Dong Jianjun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA potential reduction of goiter volume (GV) of recombinant human thyrotropin
(rhTSH) on multinodular goiters (MNG) was previously reported but controversial.
Hence we conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the effect of rhTSH-stimulated
radioiodine therapy in patients with MNG. PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, VIP, and
Wanfang databases were searched. Mean difference (MD) and odds ratios with
95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived by using an
inverse variance random-effects model and fixed-effects model, respectively. Six
studies (n=237) were involved in the analysis. For 12 months follow up,
high dose (>0.1 mg) of rhTSH significantly reduced GV
(MD=17.61; 95% CI=12.17 to 23.04; p<0.00001)
compared with placebo. No effective pooled results of low dose of rhTSH
(<0.1 mg) were applicable for only one study included. For 6
months follow up, the source of heterogeneity was determined by subgroup and
sensitivity analysis. High dose group showed vast improvement in GV reduction
(MD=16.62; 95% CI=1.34 to 31.90; p=0.03). The
reduction of low dose group compared with placebo was inferior to high dose
group. No available data were obtained to assess the influence of rhTSH after 36
months follow up for the only included study. Hypothyroidism incidence was
higher for rhTSH group. No publication bias was seen. High dose of rhTSH
treatment-stimulated radioactive 131I therapy after 6 months and 12
months follow up had a better effect in reducing GV, but with higher incidence
of hypothyroidism. Owing to the limited methodological quality, more clinical
researches are warranted in the future.
Recent Advances in Palladium-Catalyzed Bridging C–H Activation by Using Alkenes, Alkynes or Diazo Compounds as Bridging Reagents
Authors: Zhang Fulin , Xin Luoting , Liao Saihu , Huang Xueliang , Yu Yinghua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTransition-metal-catalyzed direct inert C–H bond functionalization has attracted much attention over the past decades. However, because of the high strain energy of the suspected palladacycle generated via C–H bond palladation, direct functionalization of a C–H bond less than a three-bond distance from a catalyst center is highly challenging. In this short review, we summarize the advances on palladium-catalyzed bridging C–H activation, in which an inert proximal C–H bond palladation is promoted by the elementary step of migratory insertion of an alkene, an alkyne or a metal carbene intermediate.1 Introduction2 Palladium-Catalyzed Alkene Bridging C–H Activation2.1 Intramolecular Reactions2.2 Intermolecular Reactions3 Palladium-Catalyzed Alkyne Bridging C–H Activation3.1 Intermolecular Reactions3.2 Intramolecular Reactions4 Palladium-Catalyzed Carbene Bridging C–H Activation5 Conclusion and Outlook
Catalyst Development in the Dehydrogenative Borylation of Alkenes for the Synthesis Vinylboronate Esters
Authors: Wu Lipeng , Li Sida , Cui Xin , Wang Yue 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCatalytic dehydrogenative borylation of alkenes provides an efficient and straightforward method for the preparation of synthetically useful vinylboronate esters. Here, we present a summary of developments and recent advances in this area, classified according to the various reactants and catalyst systems.1	Introduction2	Catalytic Dehydrogenative Borylation of Alkenes by Using Boranes3	Catalytic Dehydrogenative Borylation of Alkenes by Using Diboranes4	Zirconium-Catalyzed H
2
–Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Borylation of Alkenes with Boranes5	Conclusion and Outlook
Nitrosocarbonyl Carbohydrate Derivatives: Hetero Diels–Alder and Ene Reaction Products for Useful Organic Synthesis
Authors: Quadrelli Paolo , Corti Marco , Leusciatti Marco , Moiola Mattia , Mella Mariella 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe generation and trapping of two new nitrosocarbonyl intermediates bearing carbohydrate-based chiral substituents is achieved by the mild oxidation of the corresponding nitrile oxides with tertiary amine N-oxides. Their capture with suitable dienes and alkenes afforded the corresponding hetero Diels–Alder cycloadducts and ene adducts from fair to excellent yields. The entire methodology looks highly promising by the easy conversion of aldoximes into hydroxymoyl halides, widening the access to nitrosocarbonyls, versatile tools in organic synthesis.
Pentamethylphenyl (Ph*) and Related Derivatives as Useful Acyl Protecting Groups for Organic Synthesis: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Donohoe Timothy J. , Cheong Choon Boon , Frost James R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA study of acyl protecting groups derived from the Ph* motif is reported. While initial studies indicated that a variety of functional groups were not compatible with the Br2-mediated cleavage conditions required to release the Ph* group, strategies involving the use of different reagents or a modification of Ph* itself (Ph*OH) were investigated to solve this problem.
Synthesis of Chiral Fluorides by Sequential Organocatalyzed Desymmetrization of Glutaric Anhydrides and Photoredox-Catalyzed Decarboxylic Fluorination
Authors: Yu Shouyun , Zhao Jia-Jia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe have developed an efficient method for the preparation of chiral fluorinated compounds by sequential organocatalyzed desymmetrization of 3-substituted glutaric anhydrides and photoredox-catalyzed decarboxylic fluorination. Chiral fluorides can be prepared in yields of up to 58% and with excellent enantioselectivities of up to 98% ee.
Fatores de insucesso do tratamento cirúrgico da síndrome do túnel do carpo: Quando e como revisar a cirurgia de descompressão do túnel do carpo
Authors: Fernandes Carlos Henrique , Santos João Baptista Gomes dos , Schwartz-Fernandes Francisco , Ostermann A. Lee , Faloppa Flávio 
Published: September 2020

ResumoApesar de ser um procedimento amplamente utilizado em todo o mundo e com elevadas taxas de remissão dos sintomas, o tratamento cirúrgico da síndrome do túnel do carpo pode apresentar resultados não satisfatórios ao paciente. Esse resultado não satisfatório pode se manifestar clinicamente pela não remissão dos sintomas, remissão dos sintomas mas recorrência desses após um período de tempo da cirurgia ou aparecimento de diferentes sintomas após a cirurgia. Diferentes fatores estão relacionados a esse insucesso do tratamento cirúrgico da síndrome do túnel do carpo (ITCSTC). A prevenção pode ser conseguida por meio de minuciosa avaliação clínica do paciente no período pré-operatório. Dessa forma o cirurgião poderá fazer diagnósticos diferenciais ou diagnósticos concomitantes, assim como identificar fatores ligados a insatisfação do paciente. Os fatores per-operatórios incluem a correta identificação das estruturas anatômicas para completa descompressão do nervo mediano. Inúmeros procedimentos têm sido descritos para o tratamento dos fatores que ocorrem no período pós-operatório. Desses o mais comum, a formação de aderências em torno do nervo mediano, tem sido tratado com relativo sucesso utilizando diferentes retalhos vascularizados ou cobertura com o uso de tecido autólogo ou homólogo. Descreveremos a abordagem do ITCSTC com maiores detalhes no texto.
Propeller Flaps in the Posterior Trunk
Authors: Kedar Daniel J , Pak Changsik John , Suh Hyunsuk Peter , Hong Joon Pio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe reconstruction of complex posterior trunk defects remains challenging. But now with an increased knowledge of angiosomes and the practice of perforator flaps, the posterior trunk offers a new plethora of options for reconstruction. Propeller flaps based on such perforator(s) offer an elegant solution for managing defects while achieving primary donor-site closure without significant morbidity. We will discuss the relevant anatomy and design principles for propeller flaps based on a review of the literature and our experience. Steps beginning with preoperative planning, perforator selection, and intraoperative surgical technique will be discussed, together with pearls on both avoiding and managing complications.
Propeller Flaps in the Head and Neck
Authors: Cordova Adriana , D'Arpa Salvatore , Rosatti Fernando , Nichelini Marta , D'Antonio Giovanni Maria , Giordano Salvatore , Toia Francesca 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPropeller flaps have significantly expanded the reconstruction possibilities in the head and neck region. They allow for increased flap mobility and better scar concealing, and/or to perform a one-stage reconstruction with local tissue of similar color and texture, where multiple surgeries would be needed with traditional flaps or even free flaps would be required. This article describes the main propeller flaps for one-stage reconstruction in the head–neck region (facial artery perforator, supratrochlear artery axial perforator, deep lingual artery axial perforator, and anterior supraclavicular artery perforator flaps), their indications, and possible complications. Aesthetic and functional results of propeller flaps in the head and neck region are very good and the complication rate is low, but due to their surgical complexity and the availability of many simpler local flaps, they are indicated only in select cases where local flaps are unavailable or would require multiple staged procedures to complete the construction.
Tradução e adaptação cultural do questionário “Thumb Disability Exam – TDX” para o português brasileiro
Authors: Almeida Vinícius Alexandre de Souza , Fernandes Carlos Henrique , Meireles Lia Miyamoto , Santos João Batista Gomes dos , Faloppa Flavio , Ejnisman Benno 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Realizar a tradução, adaptação cultural e validação do questionário Thumb Disability Exam (TDX) para o português brasileiro.
Método O questionário foi traduzido, com tradução reversa. As traduções foram avaliadas e sintetizadas por um comitê, chegando ao THUMB DISABILITY EXAM - BRASIL (TDX-BR). Foram selecionados 31 pacientes com diagnóstico de rizartrose que responderam ao questionário. Foram avaliados parâmetros de qualidade, como consistência interna, reprodutibilidade e efeito teto e piso.
Resultados Os questionários foram traduzidos e adaptados conforme protocolos definidos. A consistência interna, através do coeficiente α de Cronbach para o TDX-BR foi de 0,962. A confiabilidade do questionário, através do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) também se mostrou bastante elevada, com κ = 0,953 (0,947–0,959). A concordância, medida através do erro padrão de medição manteve-se com valores padronizados < 5%. Não houve efeito teto e piso.
Conclusão Através de metodologia específica, consideramos o TDX-BR como traduzido e válido para a língua portuguesa do Brasil.
Donación y trasplante de órganos en medio de la pandemia COVID-19: Consecuencias y retos para un país emergente
Authors: Castañeda-Millán David Andrés , Pardo-Acuña Julián , Cortés-Páez David Augusto , Autran-Gómez Ana María , Pérez-Pachón Alejandra María , Niño-Ramírez Liz , Fajardo-Cediel William 
Published: September 2020

ResumenLa pandemia del SARS-CoV 2 es uno de los eventos en salud pública más relevantes de los últimos años, sus efectos se han traducido en millones de casos de contagios, en más de 430.000 fallecimientos y en un aumento en la necesidad de camas de cuidados intensivos alrededor del mundo. En ese contexto, se ha presentado una reducción significativa de la actividad de donación y trasplantes en varios países, y Colombia no ha sido ajena a ese fenómeno. El presente artículo, pretende dar al lector una perspectiva del estado actual de la donación y trasplantes en el mundo y en Colombia, así como plantear algunos retos que genera la pandemia del SARS-CoV 2 para la ejecución segura del proceso de donación y trasplantes en países con recursos humanos, financieros y de infraestructura limitados.
Derivation and Validation of a Predictive Score for Disease Worsening in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Gerotziafas Grigoris T. , Sergentanis Theodoros N. , Voiriot Guillaume , Lassel Ludovic , Papageorgiou Chryssa , Elabbadi Alexandre , Turpin Matthieu , Vandreden Patrick , Papageorgiou Loula , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Terpos Evangelos , Dimopoulos Meletios-Athanasios , Parrot Antoine , Cadranel Jacques , Pialoux Gilles , Fartoukh Muriel , Elalamy Ismail 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe prospective observational cohort study COMPASS-COVID-19 aimed to develop a risk assessment model for early identification of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at risk for worsening disease. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 (n = 430) hospitalized between March 18 and April 21, 2020 were divided in derivation (n = 310) and validation (n = 120) cohorts. Two groups became evident: (1) good prognosis group (G-group) with patients hospitalized at the conventional COVID-19 ward and (2) Worsening disease group (W-group) with patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from the emergency departments. The study end point was disease worsening (acute respiratory failure, shock, myocardial dysfunction, bacterial or viral coinfections, and acute kidney injury) requiring ICU admission. All patients were routinely evaluated for full blood count, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, D-dimers, antithrombin (AT), and protein C activity. Data from the first hospitalization day at the conventional ward or the ICU were analyzed. Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities were routinely registered. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes and male gender, increased fibrinogen and D-dimers, thrombocytopenia, AT deficiency, lymphopenia, and an International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) score for compensated disseminated intravascular coagulation score (cDIC-ISTH) ≥5 were significant risk factors for worsening disease. The COMPASS-COVID-19 score was derived from multivariate analyses and includes obesity, gender, hemoglobin, lymphocyte, and the cDIC-ISTH score (including platelet count, prothrombin time, D-dimers, AT, and protein C levels). The score has a very good discriminating capacity to stratify patients at high and low risk for worsening disease, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of 0.77, a sensitivity of 81%, and a specificity of 60%. Application of the COMPASS-COVID-19 score at the validation cohort showed 96% sensitivity. The COMPASS-COVID-19 score is an accurate clinical decision-making tool for an easy identification of COVID-19 patients being at high risk for disease worsening.
Accidental Placement of Nasogastric Tube into the Brain: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ansari Khursheed , Harvitkar Rafique Umer , Shetty Saiprasad , Raut Tushar P. , Qureshi Shabnam 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe nasogastric tube (NGT) plays a very vital role in the early resuscitation of head injury patients for various reasons. Though considered a simple procedure, it can be associated with multiple dreadful complications. Our patient was a 44-year-old male, referred from a peripheral health center for further management of severe head and faciomaxillary injuries following a motor vehicular accident. On arrival at the hospital, the endotracheal tube and NGT were in situ. A computed tomography scan of the brain revealed the NGT piercing through the cribriform plate of ethmoid and coiling into the cranial cavity with pneumocephalus. The NGT was retrieved under C-arm guidance and his injuries were managed respectively. The patient was discharged after prolong hospitalization with an acceptable outcome. With this case report, we want to remind emergency health care providers to avoid this catastrophic complication of NGT insertion in a faciomaxillary trauma patient by doing it transorally. We report a novel method of safely removing NGT which has not been reported in the past.
Enabling early detection of osteoarthritis from presymptomatic cartilage texture maps via transport-based learning
Authors: Kundu Shinjini , Ashinsky Beth G. , Bouhrara Mustapha , Dam Erik B. , Demehri Shadpour , Shifat-E-Rabbi Mohammad , Spencer Richard G. , Urish Kenneth L. , Rohde Gustavo K. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Many diseases lack visual cues in early stages, eluding image-based detection. Today, osteoarthritis is diagnosed at an irreversible stage after bone damage has occurred. This research demonstrates that osteoarthritis detection in healthy individuals may be possible 3 y prior to symptoms or bone damage. We describe a technique combining mass transport theory with statistical pattern recognition, discovering sensitive cartilage phenotypes that predict future osteoarthritis progression with high accuracy. As our approach is based on mass transport principles, the cartilage phenotype defining predictive ability can be directly visualized, a key contribution of this work. This research demonstrates that transport-based learning might enable early osteoarthritis detection and visualization at a potentially reversible stage.
Localized foundering of Indian lower crust in the India–Tibet collision zone
Authors: Shi Danian , Klemperer Simon L. , Shi Jianyu , Wu Zhenhan , Zhao Wenjin 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Although plate tectonics explains subduction of oceanic crust, the areally distributed deformation observed in continental collision requires more complex explanations of the geometric interaction of two colliding continents and the mechanics of plateau formation. Our seismic images reveal variations of the India–Tibet collision parallel to the Himalaya. Our observation of localized thinning of Indian lower crust, that is sufficiently extreme as to require material loss presumably into the underlying mantle, is an advance in explaining the apparent lack of mass balance in the India–Asia collision that requires loss of continental material. These zones of lower-crustal thinning and likely foundering represent slab segmentation (slab tears) that can geometrically accommodate the curvature of the Himalayan arc.
A map of decoy influence in human multialternative choice
Authors: Dumbalska Tsvetomira , Li Vickie , Tsetsos Konstantinos , Summerfield Christopher 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceImagine you are deciding between two goods: A is simple but inexpensive, B is luxurious but more costly. Introducing a less advantageous option (e.g., lower quality than A, same price) should not alter your choice between A and B. However, this principle is often violated; three classic biases known as “decoy effects” have been identified, each describing a stereotyped choice pattern in the presence of irrelevant information. Through behavioral testing in human participants and computer simulations, we show that these decoy effects are special cases of a wider principle, whereby stimulus value information is encoded in a relative, rather than an absolute, format. This work clarifies the origin of three behavioral phenomena that are widely studied in psychology and economics.