bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual dimorphism of foramen magnum: An Egyptian study
Authors: Abo El-Atta Hend M.H. , Abdel-Rahman Rania Hamed , El-Hawary Galal , Abo El-Al-Atta Heba M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHuman identification is of a paramount forensic concern. It includes sex determination which becomes extremely complex and tricky especially in fragmentary remains.Purpose of the studyWe aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ten dimensions of foramen magnum (FM) and occipital condyles in determination of sex among 367 subjects (204 females and 163 males), their ages ranged between 18-75 years. Multislice Computed Tomography images of skulls of the studied patients were obtained from the Radiology Department. Ten different anatomical variables of the FM were measured by two independent experienced radiologists blinded to the study.ResultsFM dimensions are unique and show significant sexual dimorphism in the studied Egyptian population especially with application of discriminant function analysis. These landmarks include foramen magnum length and width (FML, FMW), FM index, FM area, length of the right and left occipital condyles (LROC, LLOC), width of the right occipital condyle (WROC), maximum bicondylar distance (MBD) and minimum intercondylar distance (MnICD). LROC and FMW are highly significant discriminating variables predicting sex.ConclusionsIt is concluded that all the studied FM parameters showed significant differences between males and females except the left occipital condylar width with higher male values when compared to females. Additionally, the right occipital condylar length and FM width are highly significant discriminating variables which are strongly beneficial in prediction of sex. FM dimensions would provide a reliable additional tool for identification of sex among adult population and could be specific for Egyptians in case of fragmentary remains or damaged skulls.
Endovascular recanalization of common carotid artery Total occlusion: two case reports and literature review
Authors: Hsu Jung-Chi , Tsai Han-Lin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Common carotid artery total occlusion is rare but can be associated with a variety of neurological symptoms due to inadequate cerebral perfusion. The treatment includes bypass surgery, endarterectomy, and endovascular revascularization.

Case presentation
Herein, we report two cases of common carotid artery total occlusion treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, and review the literature.

Conclusion
Both of our cases were successfully treated with endovascular revascularization for common carotid artery total stenosis. Endovascular therapy provided an alternative treatment. Further large clinical study for comparing the safety and efficiency in surgical and endovascular treatment may be required.

Level of evidence
Level 4, Case Series.
Gene action of yield and yield contributing traits of submergence tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Bangladesh
Authors: Ganapati Ratan Kumar , Rasul Md Golam , Sarker Umakanta , Singha Ashutus , Faruquee Muhiuddin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundTrait selection for rice production under submergence stress and its effective investigation are important for sustainable improvement. Gene action is a principle, measures allelic interactions for traits that express the nature of phenotypic behavior, and leads to perfect selection of traits.AimThis study was aimed to measure the allelic interactions of genes responsible for different quantitative traits which have strong association with yield of submergence tolerant rice.ResultsIn this study, generation mean analysis has been performed for yield-contributing traits and found that plant height, no. of primary branches panicle−1, no. of secondary branches panicle−1, no. of filled grain panicle−1, no. of grain panicle−1and dominant effects for yield hill−1, yield tiller−1, and 1000 grain weight have association to yield, governed by additive gene effect. In respect of epistatic effect, duplicate epistasis was predominant for all the traits except panicle length. From a heritability view, plant height, no. of primary branches panicle−1, and no. of grain panicle−1showed high heritability and plant height, panicle length, no. of filled grain panicle−1, and 1000 seed weight which found high genetic advance.ConclusionIt could be concluded that days to heading is an important trait that needs to be investigated in every generation and days to maturity and panicle length that needs to be selected in early segregating generation.
Effect of health education intervention on hepatocellular carcinoma risk factor prevention in Menoufia governorate, Egypt
Authors: Yehia Sania Ali , Morad Wesam Saber , Hendy Olfat Mohamed , Dorgham Laila Shehata 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma is an important public health problem worldwide and in Egypt. It has a bad prognosis and few treatment options. HCV and HBV infection and exposure to pesticides and aflatoxins are major risk factors for its development, so paying more attention to prevention via raising population awareness about its risk factors may be useful in lowering HCC incidence. This study was implemented to study knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of a rural community of Menoufia governorate, Egypt, pre- and post-health education intervention about HCC and prevention of its risk factors.

Results
Seroprevalence of HCV among study participants was 12.3%, and the health education intervention about HCC and the prevention of its risk factors was effective in increasing the percent of pre-intervention good knowledge score groups about HCC, HBV, and HCV, pesticides, aflatoxins, and total knowledge score from 66.5%, 88.8%, 83.8, 41.9%, and 73.7% respectively to 98.9%, 100%, 100%, and 98.9% post-intervention (p value = 0.000 for each) and was also effective in increasing the pre-intervention positive attitude score groups from 61.5 to 98.9% post-intervention. It was also effective in increasing the pre-intervention safe practice score groups of male and female study participants from 20% and 23% respectively to 94.3% and 93.1% post-intervention.

Conclusions
Health education intervention was effective in improving KAP about HCC and prevention of its risk factors and could be adopted by MOHP as a part of comprehensive program for HCC prevention in rural communities of Menoufia governorate.
Characteristics of successful integrated family planning and maternal and child health services: Findings from a mixed-method, descriptive evaluation
Authors: Pfitzer Anne , Maly Christina , Tappis Hannah , Kabue Mark , Mackenzie Devon , Healy Sadie , Srivastava Vineet , Ndirangu Gathari 
Published: January 2020

Background: Most postpartum women in low- and middle-income countries want to delay or avoid future pregnancies but are not using modern contraception. One promising strategy for increasing the use of postpartum family planning (PPFP) is integration with maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) services. However, there is limited evidence on effective service integration strategies. We examine facilitators of and barriers to effective PPFP integration in MNCH services in Kenya and India. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-method study in two counties in Kenya and two states in India. Data collection included surveying 215 MNCH clients and surveying or interviewing 82 health care providers and managers in 15 health facilities across the four sites. We analyzed data from each country separately. First, we analyzed quantitative data to assess the extent to which PPFP was integrated within MNCH services at each facility. Then we analyzed qualitative data and synthesized findings from both data sources to identify characteristics of well and poorly integrated facilities. Results: PPFP integration success varied by service delivery area, health facility, and country. Issues influencing the extent of integration included availability of physical space for PPFP services, health workforce composition and capacity, family planning commodities availability, duration and nature of support provided. Conclusions: Although integration level varied between health facilities, factors enabling and hindering PPFP integration were similar in India and Kenya. Better measures are needed to verify whether services are integrated as prescribed by national policies.
Personal therapists' voices in the systemic first consultations. Dialogical analysis.
Authors: Bryniarska Antonina , Tomasiewicz Aleksandra , Janusz Bernadetta , Józefik Barbara 
Published: January 2020

Cel pracyCelem badania było rozpoznanie specyfiki pojawiania się osobistych wątków uruchomionych w umyśle terapeuty w trakcie prowadzenia psychoterapii i ich relacji z profesjonalnym działaniem – myśleniem terapeuty. Badanie polegało na dokonaniu nagrań, a następnie przeprowadzeniu analizy sesji terapii rodzin lub par, jak również wywiadów z terapeutami.MetodaRozmowy z terapeutami zostały przeprowadzone za pomocą wywiadu przywołującego procesy mające miejsce w trakcie sesji terapeutycznej (Interpersonal Process Recall, IPR [1]). Dokonano porównania pomiędzy analizowanymi przykładami, wykorzystując studium przypadków (multiple case study). Wybrane fragmenty, w których zidentyfikowano autobiograficzne odniesienia, zostały poddane analizie dialogowej (dialogical analysis), wyodrębniając „ja doświadczające” i „ja profesjonalne” terapeuty [2] oraz zachodzące pomiędzy nimi relacje. Następnie przeanalizowano siedem wywiadów IPR z psychoterapeutami przeprowadzonych bezpośrednio po pierwszej konsultacji: czterech rodzin i trzech par, skierowanych do terapii z różnych powodów — zaburzeń odżywiania, konfliktów rodzinnych, uzależnień czy zaburzeń zachowania. Wszyscy terapeuci pracowali w nurcie systemowym, byli certyfikowanymi terapeutami i superwizorami.WynikiDokonana analiza pozwoliła zidentyfikować pięć fragmentów dotyczących osobistych skojarzeń i myśli terapeuty, które zostały przytoczone przez terapeutę w trakcie wywiadu IPR. Przeprowadzona analiza dialogowa ujawniła, że uruchomione doświadczenie autobiograficzne, głos osobisty, w każdym przypadku wywołuje w dalszej kolejności pojawienie się głosu profesjonalnego reflektującego świadomość osobistej perspektywy w trakcie konsultacji (matapozycja obserwatora własnych uczuć i myśli). W połowie przykładów świadomość ta była powiązana z analizą możliwego wpływu głosów osobistych na przebieg terapii.WnioskiUruchomione wątki biograficzne w sesji terapeutycznej mogą mieć jedynie formę dostrzeżenia podobieństwa doświadczeń terapeuty i rodziny, ale także mogą wiązać się z pogłębioną refleksją dotyczącą ich znaczenia dla procesu terapeutycznego. IPR jest użytecznym narzędziem do badania zjawiska głosów osobistych..
The role of therapeutic activities in the recovery of people treated for schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Witkowska-Łuć Bogumiła 
Published: January 2020

Cel pracyCelem badań było poznanie roli aktywnego uczestnictwa w zajęciach terapeutycznych pacjentów hospitalizowanych z powodu schizofrenii w ich procesie zdrowienia. W leczeniu osób chorujących na schizofrenię standardem jest stosowanie leków przeciwpsychotycznych, ale u wielu pacjentów poprawa funkcjonowania nie jest w pełni zadowalająca. Uzasadnione staje się włączanie w proces leczenia pomocy terapeutycznej.MetodaZbadano 134 pacjentów ze zdiagnozowaną schizofrenią paranoidalną lub psychozą schizoafektywną leczonych w oddziałach całodobowych. Do oceny poziomu nasilenia objawów psychopatologicznych posłużyła Skala Objawów Pozytywnych i Negatywnych (PANSS) S.R. Kaya, L.A. Oplera, A.Fiszbeina oraz ankieta własnego autorstwa, umożliwiająca określenie stopnia zaangażowania pacjenta w zajęcia terapeutyczne. Z badanej grupy, w oparciu o kryteria autorskie, wyodrębniono dwie podgrupy: z pozytywnym oraz negatywnym efektem zdrowienia. Porównywano dwie grupy różniące się poziomem poprawy objawowej.WynikiUdział oraz aktywność pacjentów w zajęciach terapeutycznych (terapia zajęciowa, psychoedukacja, psychorysunek, muzykoterapia, psychoterapia grupowa, psychoterapia indywidualna, klub pacjenta) w grupie z pozytywnym efektem zdrowienia była istotnie wyższa niż wśród pacjentów z negatywnym efektem.WnioskiAktywne i systematyczne uczestniczenie w zajęciach terapeutycznych okazało się istotnie wspomagać proces zdrowienia pacjentów z zaburzeniami z kręgu schizofrenii.
Hipoteza Witolda Mańczaka o ugrofińskim substracie w językach bałtyckich
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz 
Published: January 2020

Witold Mańczak’s Hypothesis about the Finno-Ugric Substrate in the Baltic Languages
The paper discusses Witold Mańczak’s hypothesis concerning a Finnic (particularly Balto-Finnic) substrate in the Baltic languages (Mańczak 1990: 29–38; 1993: 151; 2008: 149–152), as well as J. H. Holst’s critical evaluation of the problem (Holst 2015: 151–173). Mańczak lists as many as ten arguments in support of the substrate theory: According to Meillet (1925: 100–101), the disappearance of the neuter gender in Lithuanian and Latvian occurred under the influence of Balto-Finnic languages, since the category of gender is absent from Finno-Ugric; Old Lithuanian displays secondary local cases (i.e. illative, allative, adessive, ines-sive), formed using postpositions according to the Finno-Ugric pattern (Meillet 1925: 101); The Lithuanian constructions expressing evidentiality (e.g. Lith. nešęs velnias ak-menį) – as well as their Latvian counterparts – appeared due to substrate influence, according to Pisani (1959: 217); The Lithuanian numerals 11–19 ending in -lika (e.g, Lith. vienúolika ‘eleven’, dvýlika ‘twelve’, etc.) are of substrate origin (Pisani 1959: 217); The particle of the Lithuanian imperative -ki or -k (e.g. OLith. dúoki ‘give’) – repro-duces a similar particle known from Finnish, according to some scholars (Топоров, Трубачев 1962: 249–250); The alternation of voiced and voiceless consonants like blekai / plekai ‘tripe’ (Kiparsky 1968: 76–90 lists 200 such doublets in Latvian and 50 in Lithuanian) may be caused by the influence of a Finno-Ugric substratum, since the Finno-Ugric lan-guages used to lack voiced consonants; There are Common Baltic terms of Finno-Ugric origin, e.g. the name for ‘amber’: OPrus. gentars, Lith. giñtaras, Latv. dzĩtars m. ‘amber’ (Bednarczuk 1976: 47–48). The use of the genitive instead of an adjective in East Baltic (e.g. Lith. lietuvių kalba ‘Lithuanian language’, Latv. latviešu valoda ‘Latvian language’), unknown in other Indo-European languages, arose through Balto-Finnic influence – cf. Finnish suomen kieli ‘Finnish language’, Est. eesti keel ‘Estonian language’ (Bednarczuk 1968). The territory of Latvia abounds in hydronyms of Finnic provenance, while in Lithuania we may identify the name Nemunas (chief river in the area) as well as ca. 30 other river names of potential Finno-Ugric origin (Zinkevičius 1984: 155). The non-distinction of grammatical number in third-person finite verb forms in Lithua-nian, Latvian and Old Prussian was, according to some researchers (e.g. Thomason, Kaufman 1988: 243), caused by Balto-Finnic influence. Besides, the present author reviews Holst’s critical paper on the theory of a Uralic substratum in Common Baltic.
A czy to ja kalika, czy nie mom konika? (Nie)sprawność w świetle erotyku ludowego
Authors: Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska Stanisława 
Published: January 2020

A czy to ja kalika, czy nie mam konika? (lit. ‘Am I a Cripple, or Don’t I Have a Horse?’). Disability in the Light of Folk Erotic Poetry
Folk erotic poetry, as ‘a song of lovers not yet tied by the knot’, is a genre of text that relates the notion of love and the image of intimate body parts, the roles assigned to woman and to man, as well as social and moral norms in the traditional community. At the base of this genre lie such values as: happiness in love, physical contact, lovers’ openness to the love game, youth and beauty, success and favour, the light-heartedness of the lovers, fun and laughter, freedom, faithfulness and stability; marriage is a relative value, important for the girl, and wealth. Another value that is important in the light of folk erotic poetry, is an able body, sexual performance; the anti-value is a body that is diabled, sick, deprived of its functionality. Deficiency in the art of love, the man’s incompetence or inability to perform a sexual act is for the poetic lover a kind of disability that devalues and disqualifies him as a man and the partner of love act in the eyes of a woman awaiting sexual fulfillment. From the point of view of the heroine, it is justified to describe such a lover (love-cripple) as a disabled or even defunct person. The reason for this unambiguous and stigmatizing categorization is not only the inability to provide the girl (also a young wife by an old man) with erotic pleasure (kochanie ‘touching, moving’), but also to perform the love act which the folk culture understands as a participation in the creative action of the entire cosmos.
Adjacency radiance around a small island: implications for system vicarious calibrations
Authors: Bulgarelli Barbara , Zibordi Giuseppe 
Published: January 2020

The adjacency radiance field surrounding a small island (i.e., the Lampedusa Island in the Central Mediterranean Sea) was theoretically analyzed to address implications on a hypothetical nearby system vicarious calibration (SVC) infrastructure for satellite ocean color sensors. Simulations, performed in the visible and near-infrared regions for the Ocean Land Color Instrument (OLCI) operated onboard Sentinel-3 satellites, show different patterns of adjacency effects (AE) around the island. In the direction of the reflected sunbeam (i.e., in the north-western region), AE mainly originate by missing glint contributions from the sea surface masked by the island. These AE are mainly negative, decrease with wavelength, and strongly depend on sea surface anisotropy (i.e., sea state) and illumination conditions; this hinders the capability to provide a general unique description of their features. In the remaining marine regions, AE are positive and do not exceed the radiometric sensitivity of OLCI data beyond approximately 14 km from the coast. At shorter distances, uncertainties in satellite radiance due to AE would hence not allow fulfilling requirements for SVC.
Simplified unobscured optics design for a diffractive telescope
Authors: He Chuanwang , Huang Peng , He Yiwei , Dong Xiaochun , Fan Bin 
Published: January 2020

An unobscured optical system provides a good solution for a high-performance diffractive telescope. However, the unobscured diffractive telescope, such as an off-axis three-mirror diffractive telescope (OTDT), suffers from the complex calculation of initial parameters, strict tolerance, and fabrication of aspheric mirror diffractive optical elements (DOE). In this paper, a simplified unobscured design method, which is effective in achieving compact and loose tolerance, is proposed. Combining the deflection of an optical path and Schupmann achromatic theory, a novel unobscured diffractive telescope is rapidly converted from a coaxial transmissive system. Not only is the loose tolerance obtained, but the fabrication of an aspheric mirror DOE is avoided. The designed system, with a focal length of 400 mm,

f

-number of 5, and working waveband of 612.8–652.8 nm, is analyzed. The results show that the imaging quality approached the diffraction limit within a field of view of

0.04

∘

×

0.02

∘

. Compared with the OTDT, the designed system has great advantages in design step, DOE fabricating, and system alignment. It also provides a reference for unobscured diffractive telescope development.
Passively Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser operating at 1.3 µm with a graphene oxide and ferroferric-oxide nanoparticle hybrid as a saturable absorber
Authors: Zhang Huaiwei , Peng Jiying , Yang Xiangpeng , Ma Chao , Zhao Qianqian , Chen Guoliang , Su Xinyang , Li Decai , Zheng Yi 
Published: January 2020

A self-made saturable absorber (SA) based on hybridized graphene oxide (GO) and

F
e

3

O

4

nanoparticles (FONP) was inserted into a linear cavity to generate a passively

Q

-switched solid-state

N
d

:

Y
V
O

4

laser operating at the 1.3 µm waveband. The laser had a minimum pulse width of 163 ns and a maximum repetition rate of 314 kHz. This experiment, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to demonstrate that hybridized GO and FONP (GO-FONP) can be used as an SA in passively

Q

-switched pulse lasers. Results show that GO-FONP has the potential to be used for passively

Q

-switched laser generation.
Design and fabrication of As2Se3 chalcogenide waveguides with low optical losses
Authors: Fan Zhuodong , Yan Kunlun , Zhang Limeng , Qin Jingshuang , Chen Jinbo , Wang Rongping , Shen Xiang 
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we report the fabrication and characterization of chalcogenide-based planar waveguides for possible applications in broadband light sources and/or biochemical sensing.

G
e

11.5

A
s

24

S
e

64.5

film as bottom cladding followed by another layer of

A
s

2

S
e

3

was deposited on a thermally oxidized silicon wafer using thermal evaporation, and the waveguides were patterned directly on the

A
s

2

S
e

3

layer by UV exposure followed by inductively coupled plasma dry etching. The device structure was optimized by using commercial software (COMSOL Multiphysics) based on complete vector finite components, and the fundamental mode of the waveguide was calculated. By optimizing the geometry of the waveguide, the zero dispersion wavelength was shifted to a short wavelength (at

∼

2

.

3

µ

m

), which facilitates supercontinuum generation with shorter wavelength pump source. The insertion loss of the rib waveguides with different widths was measured using the cut-back method, and the best propagation loss at 1550 nm was 1.4 dB/cm.
Upconversion pumping of a 2.3  µm Tm3+:KY3F10 laser with a 1064  nm ytterbium fiber laser
Authors: Morova Yagız , Tonelli Mauro , Petrov Valentin , Sennaroglu Alphan 
Published: January 2020

We report efficient lasing of the isotropic

T
m

3
+

:

K
Y

3

F

10

crystal near 2.3 µm via upconversion pumping with a 1064 nm ytterbium fiber laser as the pump source. When pumped at 1064 nm, an x-cavity

T
m

3
+

:

K
Y

3

F

10

laser operated at the free-running wavelength of 2344 nm. Lasing was obtained with output couplers having transmissions in the range of 1–3%, and as high as 124 mW of continuous-wave (cw) output power was generated with 604 mW of absorbed pump power by using the 3% output coupler. Broadly tunable cw lasing could be obtained in the 2268–2373 nm wavelength range. An analysis of the experimental power efficiency data shows that nearly all of the absorbed pump photons were converted to 2.3 µm laser output after accounting for the quantum defect of the laser transition and resonator losses. We expect that higher lasing efficiency should be possible by using longer crystals to increase the pump absorption.