bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative Review of Related Factors and Defining Characteristics of Lack of Family Integrity
Authors: Jarana‐Díaz Trinidad , Romero‐Martín Macarena , Ponce‐Blandón José Antonio , Jiménez‐Picón Nerea 
Published: June 2020

PURPOSETo identify the related factors that compromise family integrity and the defining characteristics of poor family integrity.METHODSIntegrative review in databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, PsycInfo, and Web of Science. The inclusion and exclusion criteria led to the selection of 12 articles.FINDINGSFamily conflicts, lack of communication, and detachment from family as risk factors that have a negative impact on family integrity. A decrease in the physical and psychological quality of life as defining characteristics of poor family integrity.CONCLUSIONSLack of family integrity has a significant impact on the physical, mental, and social health of its members.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICEFindings will allow nurses to implement interventions for the maintenance or improvement of family integrity.
Using online tools at the Bovine Genome Database to manually annotate genes in the new reference genome
Authors: Triant D. A. , Le Tourneau J. J. , Diesh C. M. , Unni D. R. , Shamimuzzaman M. , Walsh A. T. , Gardiner J. , Goldkamp A. K. , Li Y. , Nguyen H. N. , Roberts C. , Zhao Z. , Alexander L. J. , Decker J. E. , Schnabel R. D. , Schroeder S. G. , Sonstegard T. S. , Taylor J. F. , Rivera R. M. , Hagen D. E. , Elsik C. G. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryWith the availability of a new highly contiguous Bos taurus reference genome assembly (ARS‐UCD1.2), it is the opportune time to upgrade the bovine gene set by seeking input from researchers. Furthermore, advances in graphical genome annotation tools now make it possible for researchers to leverage sequence data generated with the latest technologies to collaboratively curate genes. For many years the Bovine Genome Database (BGD) has provided tools such as the Apollo genome annotation editor to support manual bovine gene curation. The goal of this paper is to explain the reasoning behind the decisions made in the manual gene curation process while providing examples using the existing BGD tools. We will describe the sources of gene annotation evidence provided at the BGD, including RNA‐seq and Iso‐Seq data. We will also explain how to interpret various data visualizations when curating gene models, and will demonstrate the value of manual gene annotation. The process described here can be applied to manual gene curation for other species with similar tools. With a better understanding of manual gene annotation, researchers will be encouraged to edit gene models and contribute to the enhancement of livestock gene sets.
Important anatomical variations of the superior posterior alveolar artery: Studied by cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Padovani Lucas Silva , Oliveira Alcione Maria Soares Dutra , Dutra Bernardo Carvalho , Costa Fernando Oliveira , Oliveira Peterson Antônio Dutra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe knowledge of anatomical variations of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is very important in surgeries for maxillary sinus (MS) elevation and subsequent insertion of dental implants, avoiding common and serious surgical complications. The main objective of this study was to analyse important anatomical variations of the PSAA by means of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations. 180 tomographic CBCT were analysed, and MS was divided into three equal regions: (I) anterior, (II) intermediate and (III) posterior. Variables evaluated were the visualisation of the artery, distance from the artery to the ridge crest, distance from the artery to the sinus floor, alveolar ridge height and arterial diameter. The PSAA visualisation was more prevalent in males and region III (76.7%). The distance from the artery to the sinus floor presented no significant difference between regions II and III, with both regions showing significantly lower values than region I. A significant difference was observed in the diameter of the arteries with higher prevalence of diameters >1.0 mm in males and <1.0 mm in females. The PSAA can be well visualised frequently with a CBCT, and differences in artery diameter were observed in relation to gender (males > females). Additional care is recommended when it is necessary to extend surgeries to the posterior MS region, avoiding haemorrhages that are associated with failures in these procedures.
Investigating the health disparities in the association between lifestyle behaviors and the risk of head and neck cancer
Authors: Hsiao Jenn‐Ren , Huang Cheng‐Chih , Ou Chun‐Yen , Chang Chan‐Chi , Lee Wei‐Ting , Tsai Sen‐Tien , Huang Jehn‐Shyun , Chen Ken‐Chung , Lai Yu‐Hsuan , Wu Yuan‐Hua , Hsueh Wei‐Ting , Wu Shang‐Yin , Yen Chia‐Jui , Chang Jang‐Yang , Lin Chen‐Lin , Weng Ya‐Ling , Yang Han‐Chien , Chen Yu‐Shan , Chang Jeffrey S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMany studies have reported a positive association between lower socioeconomic status (SES) and higher head and neck cancer (HNC) risk. Fewer studies have examined the impact of SES on the association between alcohol or cigarette use and HNC risk. The current case‐control study (1104 HNC cases and 1363 controls) investigated the influence of education, a SES indicator, on the association between HNC and the use of alcohol, cigarettes, or betel quids in Taiwan, a country with universal health care. Our results showed a larger increase in HNC risk associated with alcohol among those with lower educational level (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53‐2.80) than those with higher educational level (OR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.85) (heterogeneity‐P = .03). Educational level had an influence on the association between alcohol use and HNC risk among those with genetic susceptibility (ALDH2‐deficient) to the carcinogenic effect of alcohol. The association between cigarette or betel quid use and HNC risk was similar between the high and low educational groups. National policies and social interventions have led to the decline in the prevalence of cigarette and betel quid users in Taiwan. In contrast, due to the lack of adequate alcohol control policies, alcohol consumption in Taiwan has continued to rise. A higher impact of alcohol on HNC risk among lower SES individuals even with universal health care could be the result of insufficient alcohol control policies in Taiwan.
The impact of changing provider remuneration on clinical activity and quality of care: Evaluation of a pilot NHS contract in Northern Ireland
Authors: Hill Harry , Howarth Elizabeth , Walsh Tanya , Tickle Martin , Birch Stephen , Brocklehurst Paul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesA pilot NHS dental contract was introduced in Northern Ireland between 2015 and 2016, which involved changing the method for paying general dental practitioners working in the NHS from fee‐for‐service (FFS) to capitation‐based payments, providing an opportunity for a robust evaluation. We investigated the impact of a change in payment methods on clinical activity and the quality of care provided.DesignA difference‐in‐difference (DiD) evaluation was applied to clinical activity data from pilot NHS dental practices in Northern Ireland compared to matched control NHS practices and applied to a questionnaire survey of patient‐rated outcomes of health outcomes and care quality. We estimated the impact on access to care, treatment activity levels, practice finances and patient‐rated outcomes of care of a change from FFS to a capitation‐based system for 1 year, as well as the impact of a reversion back to FFS at the end of the pilot period.ResultsThe monthly number of registered patients in the pilot practices increased more than the control practices during the capitation period, by 1.5 registrations per 1000 registered patients. The monthly reductions in the volumes of all treatments in the pilot practices during the capitation period were much larger than the control practices, with 175 fewer treatment items. All measures rapidly returned to baseline levels following reversion from capitation back to FFS. NHS income per month increased in pilot practices, by £5920 per month (calculated on FFS item cost basis) more than controls in the capitation period. The analysis of patient questionnaires suggest found that patients notice differences only in waiting times, skill‐mix and number of radiographs, but not on other measures of healthcare process and quality.ConclusionGeneral dental practitioners working in the NHS respond rapidly and consistently to changes in provider payment methods. A move from FFS to a capitation‐based system had little impact on access to care, but did produce large reductions in clinical activity and patient charge income. Patients noticed little change in the service they received. This shows that changes in remuneration contracts have the potential to meet policy goals, such as meeting the expectations of patients within a predictable cost envelope. However, it is unlikely that all policy goals can be met simply by changing payment methods. Therefore, work is also needed to identify and evaluate interventions that can complement changes in remuneration to achieve desirable outcomes.
Influence of ridge preservation procedures on extraction socket healing under antiresorptive therapy: An experimental study in rabbits
Authors: Schwarz Frank , John Gordon , Becker Jürgen , Grötz Knut Achim , Sader Robert , Mihatovic Ilja 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the influence of ridge preservation procedures on the healing of extraction sockets under antiresorptive therapy.Material and MethodsA total of 10 Dutch Belted rabbits were randomly allocated to either the intravenous administration of amino‐bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid) (Za) (n = 5) or a negative control group (no Za [nZa]) (n = 5). At 6 months, the mandibular and maxillary molars were extracted and the four experimental sites randomly allocated to the following subgroups: (a) socket grafting using a collagen‐coated natural bone mineral (BOC) + primary wound closure, (b) coronectomy (CO), or (c) spontaneous healing + primary wound closure (SP). Za medication was continued for another 4 months. Histomorphometrical analyses considered, for example, crestal hard tissue closure of the extraction site (C) and mineralized tissue (MT) formation.ResultsZa‐SP was associated with an incomplete median C (31.76% vs 100% in nZa‐SP) and signs of bone arrosion along the confines of the socket. BOC had no major effects on increases in C and MT values in the Za group. CO commonly resulted in an encapsulation and partial replacement resorption of residual roots by MT without any histological signs of osteonecrosis.Conclusions(a) Za‐SP was commonly associated with a compromised socket healing and signs of osteonecrosis, (b) BOC had no major effect on socket healing in the Za group, and (c) CO at noninfected teeth might be a feasible measure for the prevention of a Za‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Compositae sensitization in Danish children and adolescents
Authors: Paulsen Evy , Andersen Klaus E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCompositae plant sensitization in children is relatively frequent. From 1995–2006, we found a prevalence of 1.8% sesquiterpene lactone (SL) mix/parthenolide patch test positives among consecutive eczema patients <18 years.ObjectivesTo report the results of patch test screening for Compositae sensitization in patients <18 years in the last 13 years.MethodsChildren and adolescents <18 years, diagnosed with Compositae sensitization between 2007 and 2019, were included.ResultsAmong 388 children tested, 12 (3%) were Compositae‐sensitized, and 11 (2.8%) had positive reactions to SL mix. Compositae mix 5% pet. elicited positive reactions in six of seven patients tested, and dandelion extract 2.5% pet. in six of 10 patients tested. The mean age of the five girls and seven boys was 9.4 years and 11.7 years, respectively. Eleven children had a personal and one a family history of atopy, and 11 children had hand eczema. Only two were mono‐sensitized to Compositae.ConclusionsSL mix is a suitable screening agent among children and adolescents in our area, well supplemented with Compositae mix 5% and dandelion extract. The study emphasizes the importance of Compositae screening in children with a personal and/or family history of atopy, hand eczema or widespread airborne dermatitis, summer exacerbation, and plant exposure.
ITGBL1 promotes cell migration and invasion through stimulating the TGF‐β signalling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Wei , Yu Demin , Wang Mingjie , Han Yue , Lin Junyu , Wei Dong , Cai Jialin , Li Bin , Chen Peizhan , Zhang Xinxin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesIntegrin beta‐like 1 (ITGBL1) is involved in the migration and invasion of several cancers; however, its roles in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown.Materials and methodsImmunohistochemistry staining was used to investigate the expression pattern of ITGBL1 and its prognostic values in HCC patients. The transwell, wound‐healing assays, xenograft and orthotopic mouse models were employed to determine the effects of ITGBL1 on HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. The biological mechanisms involved in cell migration and invasion caused by ITGBL1 were determined with Western blotting and RT‐PCR methods.ResultsITGBL1 expression was significantly increased in HCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Patients with higher ITGBL1 expression were associated with more reduced overall survival. ITGBL1 overexpression promoted migration and invasion in SMMC‐7721 and HepG2 cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown or knockout ITGBL1 in CSQT‐2 cells significantly reduced cell migration and invasion abilities. In SMMC‐7721 cells, ITGBL1 overexpression stimulated TGF‐β/Smads signalling pathway, along with the KRT17 and genes involved in the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). In contrast, ITGBL1 knockout inhibited the TGF‐β/Smads signalling pathway in CSQT‐2 cells.ConclusionsThese findings suggested that ITGBL1 promoted migration and invasion in HCC cells by stimulating the TGF‐β/Smads signalling pathway. ITGBL1 could be a promising prognostic biomarker, as well as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
The up‐regulation of NDRG1 by HIF counteracts the cancer‐promoting effect of HIF in VHL‐deficient clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Zheng‐Yan , Zhang Shi‐Long , Chen Hui‐Ling , Mao Yu‐Qin , Li Zhan‐Ming , Kong Chao‐Yue , Han Bing , Zhang Jin , Chen Yong‐Hui , Xue Wei , Zhai Wei , Wang Li‐Shun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs) are thought to play important roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of VHL‐deficient clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).MethodsThe roles of HIF‐1/2α in VHL‐deficient clear cell renal cell carcinoma were evaluated by bioinformatics analysis, immunohistochemistry staining and Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis. The downstream genes that counteract the cancer‐promoting effect of HIF were analysed by unbiased proteomics and verified by in vitro and in vivo assays.ResultsThere was no correlation between the high protein level of HIF‐1/2α and the poor prognosis of ccRCC patients in our large set of clinical data. Furthermore, NDRG1 was found to be up‐regulated by both HIF‐1α and −2α at the cellular level and in ccRCC tissues. Intriguingly, the high NDRG1 expression was correlated with lower Furman grade, TNM stage and longer survival for ccRCC patients compared with the low NDRG1 expression. In addition, NDRG1 suppressed the expression of series oncogenes as well as the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of VHL‐deficient ccRCC cells in vitro and vivo.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that HIF downstream gene of NDRG1 may counteract the cancer‐promoting effect of HIF. These results provided evidence that NDRG1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker as well as a therapeutic target in ccRCC.
Host specificity and variation in oviposition behaviour of milkweed stem weevils and implications for species divergence
Authors: Arcila Hernández Lina M. , Davis Steven R. , Agrawal Anurag A. 
Published: June 2020

1. An herbivore's life‐history strategy, including optimization of resource use, is constrained by its evolutionary history and ecological factors varying across the landscape.2. We asked if related and co‐distributed herbivore species maintain consistency of host preference and oviposition behaviours along the species' range. We surveyed two putative species of milkweed stem weevils, Rhyssomatus lineaticollis and R. annectens, which co‐occur alongside their hosts, Asclepias syriaca and A. incarnata.3. We confirmed the two species status of weevils, supported by differences in morphology and a bilocus gene phylogeny. Furthermore, we found that species divergence recapitulated the weevils current host plant use.4. We found oviposition variation within and between species. R. annectens poked the stem haphazardly or girdled it before oviposition. Meanwhile, R. lineaticollis primarily trenched stems in the north, but poked or girdled in the south. Variation in oviposition patterns could be a response to variation in host plant defenses.5. In nature, weevils strictly oviposited on their respective host plants, while in bioassays, R. lineaticollis exhibited strong preference for A. syriaca and R. annectens fed equally on both host plants.6. Overall, our results support that milkweed stem weevils are strict specialists but might be undergoing changes in host use. R. lineaticollis specializes on A. syriaca but has two distinct modes of oviposition. Meanwhile R. annectens seems to be more accepting of other hosts. We hypothesize that these weevils might be shifting host use associated with changes in host plant distributions.
Exposure to nectar‐realistic sugar concentrations negatively impacts the ability of the trypanosome parasite (Crithidia bombi) to infect its bumblebee host
Authors: Folly Arran J. , Barton‐Navarro Marta , Brown Mark J. F. 
Published: June 2020

1. The ideal conditions for a parasite are typically found with its preferred host. However, prior to transmission to a naïve host and successful infection, a parasite may have to withstand extrinsic environmental conditions. Some parasites have adapted to time away from hosts, for example, by co‐opting vectors or by having drought‐resistant growth stages. However, other parasites may have no obvious adaptations to persist during prolonged transmission cycles. Consequently, the environment may detrimentally impact parasite fitness and ultimately epidemiology.2. Here, we investigate the impact of nectar‐realistic sugar concentrations on the ability of the trypanosome parasite Crithidia bombi, which may be transmitted between conspecifics at flowers, to infect its bumblebee host Bombus terrestris and to reproduce during the infection (parasitaemia). Our results show, following 30 min exposure to our experimental nectars that as sugar concentration increases, infection prevalence and parasitaemia decrease. This is likely due to the increased osmotic stress C. bombi experiences in high sugar, aqueous environments.3. Consequently, if C. bombi transmission is facilitated by nectar or a high‐sugar environment, it may have a negative impact on parasite fitness.
Distinguishing vigilance decrement and low task demands from mind‐wandering: A machine learning analysis of EEG
Authors: Jin Christina Yi , Borst Jelmer P. , van Vugt Marieke K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMind‐wandering is a ubiquitous mental phenomenon that is defined as self‐generated thought irrelevant to the ongoing task. Mind‐wandering tends to occur when people are in a low‐vigilance state or when they are performing a very easy task. In the current study, we investigated whether mind‐wandering is completely dependent on vigilance and current task demands, or whether it is an independent phenomenon. To this end, we trained support vector machine (SVM) classifiers on EEG data in conditions of low and high vigilance, as well as under conditions of low and high task demands, and subsequently tested those classifiers on participants' self‐reported mind‐wandering. Participants' momentary mental state was measured by means of intermittent thought probes in which they reported on their current mental state. The results showed that neither the vigilance classifier nor the task demands classifier could predict mind‐wandering above‐chance level, while a classifier trained on self‐reports of mind‐wandering was able to do so. This suggests that mind‐wandering is a mental state different from low vigilance or performing tasks with low demands—both which could be discriminated from the EEG above chance. Furthermore, we used dipole fitting to source‐localize the neural correlates of the most import features in each of the three classifiers, indeed finding a few distinct neural structures between the three phenomena. Our study demonstrates the value of machine‐learning classifiers in unveiling patterns in neural data and uncovering the associated neural structures by combining it with an EEG source analysis technique.
Clostridium difficile infection and risk of Parkinson's disease: a Swedish population‐based cohort study
Authors: Kang X. , Ploner A. , Ludvigsson J. F. , Williams D. M. , Larsson H. , Pedersen N. L. , Wirdefeldt K. 
Published: June 2020

Background and purposeGastrointestinal inflammation has been implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to examine whether individuals with a history of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) are at elevated risk of PD.MethodsWe performed a population‐based cohort study using Swedish national register data. Adults aged ≥35 years were identified from the Swedish Population and Housing Census 1990 and followed during the period 1997–2013. Diagnoses of CDI and PD were extracted from the National Patient Register. Associations of CDI history with PD risk were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. We also explored whether the association differed by the source of CDI diagnosis (inpatient vs. outpatient), presence of recurrent infections, and pre‐infection use of antibiotics.ResultsAmongst the study population (N = 4 670 423), 34 868 (0.75%) had a history of CDI. A total of 165 and 47 035 incident PD cases were identified from individuals with and without CDI history, respectively. Across the entire follow‐up, a 16% elevation of PD risk was observed among the CDI group [hazard ratio 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI)1.00–1.36], which was mainly driven by increased PD risk within the first 2 years after CDI diagnosis (hazard ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.12–1.69). In longer follow‐up, CDI was not associated with subsequent PD occurrence. This temporal pattern of CDI–PD associations was generally observed across all CDI subgroups.ConclusionsClostridium difficile may be associated with an increased short‐term PD risk, but this might be explained by reverse causation and/or surveillance bias. Our results do not imply that CDI history affects long‐term PD risk.