bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time driven activity-based costing as a strategy to increase value: a case from cardiac interventional procedure
Authors: Etges Ana Paula Beck da Silva , Cruz Luciane N , Schlatter Rosane , Neyeloff Jeruza , Carodso Ricardo B , Kopittke Luciane , Nunes Altacilio , Neto José Alburquerque , Nogueira José , Assis Renata de , Tobias Joilma , Marin-Neto José , Moreira Leila , Polanczyk Carisi Anne 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAdopting value-based health care management strategies requires monitoring of real costs and care delivered to patients. In unified health systems, recognizing institutions that provide high-quality services, demands understanding their processes of care and costs. This study aimed to evaluate processes and costs of interventional coronary procedures performed in public academic hospitals of a middle-income country.MethodsData from 90 patients submitted to the coronary angioplasties were evaluated in five hospitals in Brazil. Time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) was used to assess real-world costs and time spent over the care pathway. Descriptive cost analyses were followed by a labor cost-saving estimate potentially achieved by the redesign of the ICP pathway, considering the benchmark of patient care cycle identified in the sample of hospitals studied.ResultsThe mean cost per patient of interventional angioplasties was $1,677 (SD $881). The procedure phase duration per patient was similar between the hospitals, while the post procedure presented the highest length of time variation. However, it was possible to demonstrate that the highest direct cost saving opportunities are concentrated in the procedure phase, due to the way that labor and non-labor resources are consumed. The physician involvement redesign can account for a 51% ICP cost decrease. ConclusionThis study demonstrated how the level of detailing provided by microcosting methods such as TDABC can contribute to driving health care management to value. In a public health system, turning transparent how resources are allocated in an individual level basis along an entire episode of care might allow managers to identify cost-saving opportunities and ways to improve the health service delivery.
Chronic cough in children: the etiology and medical history of 420 cases in Shanghai
Authors: Jiang Yonghong , Jiang Zhiyan , Yang Zhoujian , Li Junxia , Mao Liming , Gu Jingwen , Chen Yiliu , Wang Shuqin , Jang Sunguk , Xiao Zhen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Chronic cough is one of the most common and frequently-occurring diseases in children. We investigated the etiologies and clinical features of children with chronic cough (CC), in order to improve the diagnostic and treatment of the disease by pediatricians.
Methods

The clinical data of 420 cases of children, aged 1–14 years old, from 5 hospitals’ Outpatient Department in different regions of Shanghai, who suffered from chronic cough between the period of September 2017 and July 2019 were prospectively analyzed. Children with chronic cough were enrolled to identify the specific cause and clinical information based on a questionnaire survey. All the data were collected and statistically analyzed by Chi-square test to identify the constituent ratio of each cause.
Results

The etiology component ratio showed that 146 cases (34.8%) had post-infection cough (PIC); 96 cases (22.9%) had upper airway cough syndrome (UACS); 90 cases (21.4%) had cough variant asthma (CVA); 75 cases (17.9%) had allergic (atopic) cough (AC); 11 cases (2.6%) had tourette cough (TS); 2 cases (0.5%) had gastroesophageal reflux cough (GERD). For the children with CC, the mainly age of onset is 3–6 years (54.05%). The mainly cough character is wet cough (65.7%). 67.1% of children with chronic cough were prescribed antibiotics, of which 41.7% were azithromycin. Various cough drops, antihistamines, aerosolized inhalation, montelukast, etc. were often used in the treatment of children's chronic cough.
Conclusion

The leading 3 causes of chronic cough in children were PIC, UACS and CVA. The mainly age of onset is 3–6 years; mainly cough character is wet cough. Antibiotics are the mainly treatment, often combined with cough medicine and atomization.
PD-L1 chimeric costimulatory receptor improves the efficacy of CAR-T cells for PD-L1-positive solid tumors and reduces toxicity in vivo
Authors: Liao Qibin , Mao Yunyu , He Huan , Ding Xiangqing , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xu Jianqing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: On-target off-tumor toxicity impedes the clinical application of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) in the treatment of solid tumors. The combinatorial antigen recognition strategy can improve the therapeutic safety of CAR-T cells by targeting two different tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) using a CAR and a chimeric costimulatory receptor (CCR). Although programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1, also known as B7-H1) is expressed on multiple tumors, the potential of PD-L1 as a universal target for designing CCR remains unknown.Methods: A first-generation CD19 or HER2 CAR and a PD-L1 CCR containing the CD28 signaling domain were constructed and delivered into Jurkat T cells or primary T cells by a pseudotyped lentivirus. The release of cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α, was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits or a cytometric bead array (CBA). The in vitro cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells was detected with a luciferase-based killing assay. The in vitro proliferation of CAR-T cells was assessed by flow cytometry. The therapeutic safety and efficacy of CAR-T cells was evaluated using a subcutaneous dual-tumor model in vivo.Results: Jurkat T cells or primary T cells expressing both the CD19/HER2 CAR and PD-L1 CCR produced higher levels of cytokines in the presence of CD19/HER2 and PD-L1 than in the presence of HER2/CD19. Compared to HER2-z-engineered T cells, HER2-z-PD-L1-28-engineered T cells had higher in vitro cytotoxicity potential against PD-L1-positive tumor cells. CD19/HER2-z-PD-L1-28-engineered T cells showed higher proliferation potential in the presence of CD19/HER2 and PD-L1 than in the absence of PD-L1. CD19/HER2-z-PD-L1-28-engineered T cells preferably destroyed xenograft tumors expressing CD19/HER2 and PD-L1 in vivo and did not significantly affect CD19/HER2-expressing tumors. The PD-L1 CCR improved the antitumor efficacy of low-affinity HER2 CAR-T cells against PD-L1-positive tumors expressing high levels of HER2.Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that PD-L1 can be used as a universal target antigen for designing CCR, improving the efficacy of CAR-T cells in the treatment of PD-L1-positive solid tumors but reducing toxicity within PD-L1-negative normal tissues expressing low levels of TAA in vivo.
A Universal Approach to Target Various HBB Gene Mutations in Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells for Beta-Thalassemia Gene Therapy by CRISPR/Cas9 and the rAAV6 Vector
Authors: He Li-Na , Yang Yi , Cheng Yi , Wu Han , Lin Shou-Heng , Song Bing , Liu Neng-Qing , Chen Di-Yu , Lu Dian , Yang Ying-Hong , Zeng Juan , Fan Yong , Xiaofang Sun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Engineered nuclease-mediated gene targeting through homology-directed repair (HDR) in autologous hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has the potential to cure β-thalassemia (β-thal). Although previous studies have precisely corrected site-specific HBB mutations by HDR in vitro and in vivo, targeting the various HBB mutations in β-thal is still challenging. Here, we devised a universal strategy to achieve repaired most types of HBB mutations through the CRISPR/Cas9 and the rAAV6 donor.
Methods

Using cord blood-derived HSPCs from health donors, we tested the strategy to achieved highly efficient targeted integration by optimizing design and delivery parameters of a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex comprising Cas9 protein and modified single guide RNA, together with a rAAV6 donor. We assessed the edited HSPCs function in vitro by methylcellulose colonies assay, CFU assay, differentiation experiment and Wright-Giemsa staining. Edited HSPCs transplanted into NSI mice to assess the long-term reconstitution in vivo. Whole-genome sequencing was used to analysis the off-target mutagenesis of edited HSPCs.
Results

Edited HSPCs exhibited normal multilineage formation and erythroid differentiation abilities without off-target mutagenesis and retained the ability to engraft. Moreover, we used the strategy to efficiently correct the β-CD41/42 mutation of patient-derived HSPCs, erythrocytes differentiation from which expressed more HBB mRNA than uncorrected cells.
Conclusion

This strategy demonstrated a universal approach to correct most types of HBB gene mutations in β-thal.
A Simplified Method to Isolate Rice Mitochondria
Authors: Xu Yanghong , Li Xiaoyi , Huang Jishuai , Peng Leilei , Luo Dinghui , Zhang Qiannan , Dan Zhiwu , Xiao Haijun , Yang Fang , Hu Jun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Mitochondria play critical roles in plant growth, development and stress tolerance. Numerous researchers participate in the studies of plant mitochondrial genome structure, mitochondrial metabolism and nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions. However, traditional plant mitochondria extraction methods are time-consuming and complicated operation of ultra-centrifuge with the expensive reagent. To develop a more rapid and convenient method for isolation of plant mitochondria, in this study we established a simplified method to isolate rice mitochondria efficiently for further study.Results: To isolate rice mitochondria, the cell wall was first dispelled by enzymolysis to obtain the protoplast which is similar to the animal cell. Then the rice mitochondria were isolated with a modified method basing on the animal mitochondria isolation protocol. The extracted mitochondria were next detected on DNA level and protein level to rule out the contamination of nucleus and chloroplasts. Furthermore, we examined the physiological status and characters of the isolated mitochondria, including the integrity of mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane potential, and the activity of inner membrane complexes. Our results demonstrated that the extracted mitochondria were remained intact for further studies.Conclusion：The combination of plant protoplasts isolation and animal mitochondria extraction methods facilitates the extraction of plant mitochondria without ultracentrifugation. Consequently, this improved method is cheap and time-saving with good operability, and can be broadly applied in the researches on plant mitochondria.
Improved Access in Minimally Invasive Temporomandibular Joint Surgery via A Novel Endaural Template
Authors: Krause Matthias , Kamal Mohammad , Kruber Daniel , Halama Dirk , Hierl Thomas , Lethaus Bernd , Bartella Alexander K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Digitally designed surgical templates for minimally invasive temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery (MITMJS) are a promising tool for improving the safety in these procedures. Given the anatomy of the TMJ, the fitting of the template and intraoperative overview are the most important issues to conduct the surgery safely. This article describes an endaural surgical template based on the Moses approach as a possible solution.Material and Methods: Three patients with internal derangement were treated with guidance of a MITMJS- template based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and a surface imprint of the periauraural region. None of the patients needed an additional open surgical procedure. Fitting of the templates was judged in terms of position and rotational stability. Surgical side effects and complications were recorded for each patient.Results: The template design and clinical use performed the MITMJS satisfactory. The templates showed satisfying fit and good visibility. In the study cohort, no bleeding, facial nerve injury, or other complications occurred after the procedure, and no visible scars were noted postoperatively.Conclusion: Our feasibility report on template-guided MITMJS shows a promising new application of templates. It points an improved access in arthroscopy or arthrocentesis of TMJ- surgery via an endaural access with increased level of safety during surgery.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Postpartum Recovery of Women who Practice Hypopressive Physical Activity. Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sánchez-García Juan Carlos , Aguilar-Cordero María José , Montiel-Troya Maria , Marín-Jiménez Ana Eugenia , Mellado-García Elena , Rodríguez-Blanque Raquel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPracticing physical exercise is a way of maintaining a healthy lifestyle and it has been demonstrated that it benefits and improves quality of life after labour.AimTo determine whether a workout programme using the Low-Pressure Fitness methodology has an impact on the Health-Related Quality of Life after labour.Material and MethodWe carried out a 12-weeks randomized clinical trial. It started at week 16 after labour and ended at postpartum week 28. Women followed a moderate intensity workout programme, using the Low-Pressure Fitness methodology in the treatment group, and we had a control group of sedentary women to perform a comparison. We used the SF-36v2 questionnaire at the postpartum weeks 16 and 28 to assess the Health-Related Quality of Life in women.ResultsWe found statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in general health components, vitality, emotional role, and mental health in the sample group of women under the Low-Pressure Fitness, who obtained a higher score.We found statistically significant differences in all aspects between the postpartum weeks 16 and 28.The interaction between time and group affect in general health components, vitality, emotional role and the score of mental component. In all of them the score is higher at week 28 and in the Low-Pressure Fitness group.ConclusionsPhysical exercise, following the Low-Pressure Fitness method, improves Health-Related Quality of Life after labour. We found that, when both the treatment and control groups are categorized by body-mass index, the Low-Pressure Fitness method was not determinant to improve the postpartum Health-Related Quality of Life.
A Combinatory Ferroelectric Compound Bridging Simple ABO3 and A-site-Ordered Qudruple Perovskite
Authors: Zhao Jianfa , Gao Jiacheng , Li Wenmin , Qian Yuting , Shen Xudong , Wang Xiao , Shen Xi , Hu Zhiwei , Dong Cheng , Huang Qingzhen , Cao Lipeng , Li Zhi , Zhang Jun , Ren Chongwen , Duan Lei , Liu Qingqing , Yu Richeng , Ren Yang , Weng Shih-Chang , Lin Hong-Ji , Chen Chien-Te , Tjeng Liu Hao , Long Youwen , DENG Zheng , Zhu Jinlong , WANG Xiancheng , Weng Hongming , Yu Runze , Greenblatt Martha , Jin Changqing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The simple ABO3 and A-site-ordered AA′3B4O12 perovskites represent two types of the most classical perovskite-based functional materials. While there are well-known simple perovskites with ferroelectric properties, so far there is no report of ferrolectricity due to symmetry breaking transition in A-site-ordered quadruple perovskites, AA′3B4O12. Here we report the synthesis at high pressure and temperature of a new A-site-ordered perovskite, PbHg3Ti4O12. Remarkably, PbHg3Ti4O12 is the only known quadruple perovskite that transforms from a high-temperature centrosymmetric (Im-3), paraelectric phase to a low-temperature, non-centrosymmetric (Imm2) ferroelectric phase. Moreover, the average ionic radius of A-site cations for PbHg3Ti4O12 is large~ 1.1 Å and the tolerance factor t is about 0.88. Surprisingly the coordination chemistry of Hg2+ is changed from the usual square planar as in typical A-site-ordered quadruple perovskite to a rare stereo type with 8 ligands in PbHg3Ti4O12 driven via pressures. Thus PbHg3Ti4O12 appears to be a combinatory link from simple ATiO3 perovskite to AA′3B4O12 type A-site-ordered perovskites, sharing both displacive ferroelectricity with the former and the structure coordination with the latter. This is the first example of ferroelectricity due to a symmetry breaking phase transition in AA′3B4O12-type A-site-ordered perovskite, and opens a new direction to search for ferroelectric materials in combinatory perovskites.
A Single Atom Change Turns Insulating Saturated Wires into Molecular Conductors
Authors: Chen Xiaoping , Kretz Bernhard , Adoah Francis , Nickle Cameron , Chi Xiao , Yu Xiao-Jiang , Barco Enrique del , Thompson Damien , Egger David , nijhuis christian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present an efficient strategy to modulate tunnelling in molecular junctions by changing the tunnelling decay coefficient, β, by terminal-atom substitution which avoids altering the molecular backbone. By varying X = H, F, Cl, Br, I in junctions with S(CH2)(10−18)X, current densities (J) increases > 4 orders of magnitude, creating molecular conductors via reduction of β from 0.75 to 0.25 Å−1. Impedance measurements shows tripled dielectric constants (εr) with X = I, reduced HOMO-LUMO gaps and tunnelling-barrier heights, and 5-times reduced contact resistance. These effects alone cannot explain the large change in β. Density-functional theory shows highly localized, X-dependent potential drop at the S(CH2)nX//electrode interface that modifies the tunnelling barrier shape. Commonly-used tunnelling models neglect localized potential drops and changes in εr. We demonstrate experimentally that β ∝1/√εr, suggesting highly-polarizable terminal-atom sites act as charge traps as proposed by Berlin and Ratner. Our work shows the need for new charge transport models that account for dielectric effects in molecular tunnelling junctions.
Iron Accumulation in Macrophages Promotes the Formation of Foam Cells and Development of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Cai Jing , Zhang Meng , Liu Yutong , Li Huihui , Shang Longcheng , Xu Tianze , Chen Zhipeng , Wang Fudi , Qiao Tong , Li Kuanyu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMacrophages that accumulate in atherosclerotic plaques contribute to progression of the lesions to more advanced and complex plaques. Although iron deposition was found in human atherosclerotic plaques, clinical and pre-clinical studies showed controversial results. Several epidemiological studies did not show the positive correlation between a systemic iron status and an incidence of cardiovascular diseases, suggesting that the iron involvement occurs locally, rather than systemically.ResultsTo determine the direct in vivo effect of iron accumulation in macrophages on the progression of atherosclerosis, we generated Apoe-/- mice with a macrophage-specific ferroportin (Fpn1) deficiency (Apoe-/-Fpn1LysM/LysM). Fpn1 deficiency in macrophages dramatically accelerated the progression of atherosclerosis in mice. Pathophysiological evidence showed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, aggravated systemic inflammation, and altered plaque-lipid composition. Moreover, Fpn1 deficiency in macrophages significantly inhibited the expression of ABC transporters (ABCA1 and ABCG1) by decreasing the expression of the transcription factor LXRα, which reduced cholesterol efflux and therefore promoted foam cell formation and enhanced plaque formation. Iron chelation relieved the symptoms moderately in vivo, but drastically ex vivo.ConclusionsMacrophage iron content in plaques is a critical factor in progression of atherosclerosis. The interaction of iron and lipid metabolism takes place in macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques. And we also suggest that altering intracellular iron levels in macrophages by systemic iron chelation or dietary iron restriction may be a potential supplementary strategy to limit or even regress the progression of atherosclerosis.
Absence of critical thickness in improper ferroelectric hexagonal-YbFeO3 thin films
Authors: Xu Xiaoshan , Yun Yu , Buragohain Pratyush , Thind Arashdeep , Yin Yuewei , Li Xin , Jiang Xuanyuan , Mishra Rohan , Gruverman Alexei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Improper ferroelectrics are highly promising for technological applications due to their expected persisting polarizations even at ultrathin limits. However, the evolution of their electrical behaviors with thickness, including the magnitude of the polarization and the switching mechanism, remain unresolved experimentally. This is primarily due to the difficulty in growth and characterization of ultrathin improper ferroelectric films. Here, we investigated the spontaneous polarization and switching mechanism in ferroelectric/dielectric bilayer structures, which allows the decoupling of the electrostatic and interfacial effects and circumventing the need for ultrathin films. We show that, for the bilayer structures of prototypical improper ferroelectrics h-YbFeO3 and dielectrics CoFe2O4, although the effective spontaneous polarization is significantly reduced by the dielectric layer due to the electrostatic under-screening, it persists at least down to a ferroelectric/dielectric thickness ratio of about 2, with no evidence of critical thickness. Interfacial clamping that suppresses the primary structural distortion of h-YbFeO3 have been observed, which appears to play an important role in ferroelectric domain pinning. The microstructure caused by the heteroepitaxy favors a nucleation-limited polarization switching dynamics. These results demonstrate the much-desired absence of critical thickness in improper ferroelectrics for the scalable thin-film device applications; they also reveal significant impact of the mismatched film/substrate epitaxy on the polarization switching mechanism.
Molecular characterization of a re-emergent Brugia malayi parasite in Sri Lanka, suggestive of a novel strain with close nucleotide homology to Brugia pahangi
Authors: Mallawarachchi Chandana Harendra , Chandrasena Nilmini T. G. A. N , Premarathna Ranjan , Mallawarachchi S.M.N.S.M. Maleesha , Gunawardane Nilmini Y. I. S. , Dasanayake Ranil S , Silva Nilanthi R de 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Brugian filariasis has re-emerged in Sri Lanka after four decades of quiescence. As microscopy alone was insufficient for ascertaining the species identity of the re-emerged sub-periodic Brugia spp. parasite, molecular speciation was performed. The transmission dynamics of the parasite was studied by entomological procedures.Methods Human blood samples positive for Brugia spp. microfilariae (MF) (n=8) were collected and DNA extracted using ReliaPrep™ Blood DNA Miniprep System (modified). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with pan-filarial primers specific for the internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of MF. Results Of those tested, seven (87.5%) yielded a band at 615bp establishing the species identity of the re-emerged filarial parasite as B. malayi. Comparison of the ITS2 region gene sequences of B. malayi MF isolated from humans (n=2), dogs (n=3) and cats (n=6) with GenBank sequences revealed a higher sequence homology with B. pahangi than B. malayi, but phylogeny was closer to B. malayi. A total of 82 mosquitoes of genus Mansonia comprising of M. annulifera (65), M. uniformis (14) and M. indiana (3) were collected by cattle-baited traps. Mosquito dissections identified 17 infected mosquitoes: one M. uniformis (7.14%) and 16 M. annulifera (24.6%). The DNA extracts of all infected Mansonia mosquitoes elicited the 615bp band on pan-filarial primer specific PCR. Conclusions The re-emergent B. malayi is a genetic variant or a novel species closely related to B. malayi and B. pahangi. Mansonia spp. mosquitoes were vectors of this zoonotic variant B. malayi circulating among cats, dogs and humans in Sri Lanka.