bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SSR Markers Based Genetic Diversity in Nepalese Maize Landraces
Authors: Joshi BK , Rawat J , Adhikari B , Pokhrel R 
Published: September 2020

Knowledge on genetic diversity is necessary for developing new varieties and managing diversity for future use. Five SSR markers were used to develop the DNA finger prints and to assess the diversity of 23 Nepalese maize landraces. Five locus-based DNA finger prints have distinguished majority of the landraces. The average number of alleles was 2 per locus. Umc1333 marker had shown the highest gene diversity, heterozygosity and polymorphism information content (PIC). At landrace level, the highest gene diversity, heterozygosity and PIC values were found in Seto Local and Seti Makai-3. 23 maize landraces formed four clusters and these clusters were related with seed color. Name of landraces also reflected genetic similarity. Genetically similar landraces can be pooled for conservation and creating dynamic diversity rich population. Distantly related landraces (Bhirkaule, Local Seto Makai, Seto Makai-1, Makai Makai-1761) can be used in breeding program. Detection of low genetic diversity might be due to bottleneck effects during the collection of these landraces from farmers. Therefore, collection strategy needs to be revised for capturing maximum diversity.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 23-37 (2020)
Role of Salicylic Acid on Growth, Yield, Qualityand Disease Pest Reaction of Onion (Allium Cepal.) CV. Agrifound Light Red
Authors: Bhasker P , Gupta PK , Sharma HP 
Published: September 2020

Salicylic acid (SA) is endogenous naturally occurring plant growth hormone acting as an important signaling molecule adds tolerance against abiotic stress. A field experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of exogenous application of SA on growth, yield and storage performances of onion during Rabi 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15. The experiment was comprised of 6 different treatments of SA including control. Exogenous applications of all SA treatments significantly influenced plant growth and development. The treatment application of SA at 30 days after seed sowing and second spray at 30 days after transplanting and third spray at 60 days after transplanting performed superior in terms of growth, development and yield. Exogenous application of SA significantly influenced on thrips population and stemphylium blight disease incidence and intensity. The results also revealed that SA partially involved in post-harvest management of onion.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1):39-49 (2020)
Performance of Lentil as Affected by Reduced Tillage and Mechanical Seeding
Authors: Zaman RU , Islam MR 
Published: September 2020

Generally, lentil seeds are sown following the traditional farming practice with 3-4 numbers of ploughing combined with broadcasting method in lentil growing countries. This is time consuming and costly. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lentil performance as affected by different mechanical seeding system as well as seeding device. There were seven different treatments of which two tillage systems like i) broadcasting after4 times tillage (CT) and ii) broadcasting after tillage with two wheeler driven High Speed Rotary Tiller (HSRT), and five direct mechanical seeding systems like TT+BP =one tillage + bed planting seeding (BP+Pl), TBP =Direct bed planting seeding (BP), TPTOS =Two wheeler operated Seeder (PTOS), TST = Strip tillage seeding (ST) and TZ =Zero tillage seeding (Z). The experiment was carried out by a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. From the results it was revealed that yield was increased from0.56 % to 10.42% in mechanical seeding system than CT. The findings also demonstrated that BP increased yield of about 10.42% with 49.31% of lower fuel consumption which saved 48.1% time compared to CT. The HSRT gave numerically higher yield compare to ST than CT but lower than BP, BP+Pl and PTOS. Zero tillage seeding system gave the minimum seed yield compare to others which was 9.67% and 19% lower than that of CT and BP, respectively. In mechanical seeding systems, bed planting exhibited higher root volume and density compare to that of others, but lower to CT and HSRT.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 51-60 (2020)
Influence of Water Stress on Morphology, Physiology and Yield Contributing Characteristics of Rice
Authors: Hossain MZ , Sikder S , Husna A , Sultana S , Akhter S , Alim A , Joardar JC 
Published: September 2020

Water stress or drought is one of the main reasons behind the lower productivity of rice–a widely popular nutritious cereal crop and the staple food for a large portion of the world’s population. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of water stress on three rice varieties e.g. Banglamoti, Vittiatash and Atash balam in a silty clay soil. To identify whether less water affects rice production, rice plants were cultivated under five different water treatments, T1: flooding at 5 cm depth, T2: flooding at 3 cm depth, T3: saturated water condition, T4: water content@75% saturation, and T5: water content @50% saturation, and were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Morphology, yield and physiological parameters of the rice plants were evaluated. Treatment below saturation did not produce any yield for all the rice varieties studied. All the morphological parameters and yields (e.g. dry weight of plants, plant height, tiller number, panicle number, grain number, grain weight, 1000 seed weight, and harvest index) showed a lower value under water deficient condition. Relative water content and water use efficiency declined with declining water content which represented the variations in their physiological responses to water stress. The grain content per panicle as well as 1000 grain weight of the rice varieties was maximum at saturation condition. Highest harvest index was observed for Vittiatash rice variety at saturated condition. Flooding the soil with either 5 cm or 3 cm depth did not produce any significant change in the studied parameters which indicated that approximately 2 cm water can easily be curtailed which may not affect the production of rice.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 61-71 (2020)
Stability Analysis for Yield of Advanced Potato Genotypes for Commercial Cultivation in Bangladesh
Authors: Kundu BC , Kawochar MA , Naznin S , Ahmed NU , Halder SC , Mostofa M , Delowar HKM 
Published: September 2020

Five advanced potato genotypes, along with three check varieties were evaluated at six locations in order to find out the stable varieties for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh. Combined analysis exhibited a highly significant variability among the genotypes, locations and GEI. The average tuber yield at 90 days after planting (DAP) of the genotypes ranged from 31.18 t ha-1 in the check BARI Alu-28 to 43.8 t ha-1 in the clone 9.35. The result of AMMI analysis of tuber yield at 90 DAP also showed that the first IPCA1 captured 55.30% of the interaction SS. IPCA2, IPCA3 and IPCA4 explained 29.01, 8.55 and 7.08% of GE interaction SS, respectively. In general, the AMMI2 model contained 99.94% of the treatment SS, while the residual contained 0.06%. In ASV method, the clone 9.125, followed by the check BARI Alu-28 and clone 9.91 were more stable than 9.35. Biplot of IPCA1 and IPCA2 covers 84.3% of GE interaction. Biplot analysis also showed that clone 9.44 and 9.35 and the environment of Gazipur and Jashore had a better result in the GE interaction. Clone 9.44 had specific adaptation with the environment of Gazipur and Jashore, while 9.35 had specific adaptation with Gazipur and Jamalpur. Clone 9.125, 9.91, BARI Alu-28, BARI Alu-8 and clone 9.112 were located toward the center of the biplot and can be considered as stable. Based on the GSI the most desirable genotype for both stability and high tuber yield is the clone 9.125 followed by clones 9.112, 9.91 and 9.35.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 73-86 (2020)
Integrated Management Practices for Clubroot Disease (Plasmodiophora Brassicae Wor.) of Cauliflower in Palung, Makwanpur, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari P , Khatiwada A , Paneru N , Tandan P 
Published: September 2020

Club root is one of the most important diseases in the eastern hills of Nepal affecting the rural income as well as quantity and quality of Cauliflower production. A field experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications during February to May, 2019. The experiment was conducted in the Farmer’s field in the disease prone area of Thaha municipality-4, Palung of Makwanpur district to assess the efficacy of five different treatments; Nebijin, Hatake, Trichoderma viride, Lime and control for the management or suppressing the club root disease. The effectiveness of the treatments against club root disease was evaluated along with their influence on growth parameters and yield parameters of white top variety of cauliflower. Different parameters such as disease incidence, percent disease index (PDI) or disease severity index (DSI) and percent disease control (PDI) were recorded using disease scoring scale. The treatments showed significant effect on the yield and disease parameters, but not on the vegetative parameters of cauliflower. The lowest disease incidence (50.2%) and severity index (26.8%) and the highest percent disease control (57.6%) was recorded in Nebijin. Moreover, the Marketable yield (Mtha-1) per plot was observed highest from Nebijin (48.27Mtha-1) and Trichoderma viride (47.39 Mtha-1) treatment. From the study it may concluded that the application of Nebijin was more effective for the management of clubroot disease of Cauliflower and the use of Hatake and Trichoderma virideas bio-fungicides were also giving the potential assuring measure for the controlling disease of Cauliflower.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 87-98 (2020)
Organic Versus Conventional – a Comparative Study on Quality and Nutritive Value of Selected Vegetable Crops of Southern India
Authors: Xavier JR , Mythri V , Nagaraj R , Ramakrishna VCP , Patki PE , Semwal AD 
Published: September 2020

Vegetables are defined as edible plant parts generally consumed raw or cooked with a main dish, in a mixed dish, as an appetizer or as a salad. Food safety aspects related to microbial quality (total plate count, yeast and mold and food borne pathogens) and toxic residue (heavy metals) and mineral content were investigated for vegetables such as green leafy vegetable, salad vegetables, sprouts, brinjal, green chilies and French beans collected from organic and conventional outlets from Mysore region, Karnataka, India. Microbial analysis was carried out using standard procedures and mminerals (Ca, K, Fe, Cu, Mg, Mn and Zn) and heavy metals (Cd and Pb) were determined. Significant variations (p>0.05) were observed for microbial quality among organic and conventional vegetables. Mineral and vitamin C content were also significantly higher (p>0.01) in organic samples. Heavy metal contamination for lead and cadmium tested positive for conventional samples while organic samples tested negative. The variables that contributed most for the variability were heavy metal contamination, mineral and vitamin C content. Organically grown vegetables were free from heavy metals and safe for consumption, as well as they are rich in mineral and vitamin C content in comparison to conventional samples.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 99-116 (2020)
Factor Influencing the Resurgence of Brown Planthopper in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin ABMA , Islam KS , Jahan M , Ara A , Khan MAI 
Published: September 2020

Possible causes of brown plant hopper resurgence were determined at the net-house of Entomology Division of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) during 2015. Causes of resurgence in the form of resurgence ratios were higher with acetamiprid, acephate, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, lambda cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam insecticides compared to imidacloprid, cartap, dinotefuran, isoprocarb /MIPC, phenthoate, pymetrozine when even applied at recommended dose. However, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, isoprocarb / MIPC and cartap applied at sub-lethal dose produced higher resurgence ratio of BPH than others. Isoprocarb / MIPC, a commonly used recommended insecticide was found to have a higher resurgence ratio with the insecticide treatment at the egg stage (1.71) and combination of all stages (0.82). These insecticides influenced on the growth and reproductive physiology of rice brown planthopper and consequently resurgence ratio ranged increased.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 117-128 (2020)
Impact of Improved Chickpea Cultivation on Profitability and Livelihood of Farmers in Drought-Prone Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Sharna SC , Kamruzzaman M , Siddique ST 
Published: September 2020

The cultivation of improved chickpea varieties has been increasing over time that kicks off the local varieties from the farmer’s field. Up-to-date socio-economic information regarding this issue is scanty in Bangladesh. That is why we analyze the profitability of improved chickpea variety and assess the impact of its cultivation on the livelihood of chickpea farmers in the high Barind region of Bangladesh. The values of benefit-cost ratio depict that the improved variety is more profitable in comparison to local chickpea variety; specifically, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of improved chickpea production is 1.87, while it is only 1.66 for local chickpea. To understand the wellbeing of chickpea farmers, the multidimensional livelihood index (MLI) following sustainable livelihood framework of the Department for International Development (DFID) is used, which constitutes the asset pentagon of five capitals namely human, physical, natural, financial and social capital. The MLI of improved and local chickpea growers are 0.51 and 0.39 respectively which belong in the middle livelihood category. Meanwhile, the MLI reflects that the improved variety cultivars are in a better livelihood condition than the local variety growers. Among all the five capitals of the MLI, the difference between these two groups is the largest in the case of social capital followed by financial capital. Since both groups have achieved far less MLI values than 1, the recommendation is therefore to ensure different types of facilities for the development of people of high Barind tract as well as increasing the production of improved chickpea.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 129-142 (2020)
Assessment of Disease Resistance and High Yielding Traits of Common Buckwheat Genotypes in Subtropical Climate of Nepal
Authors: Subedi S , Dhami NB , Gurung SB , Neupane S , Thapa S , Oli L 
Published: September 2020

Twelve common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) genotypes received from Hill Crops Research Program, Kabre, Dolakha were evaluated for resistance against major foliar fungal diseases and high yielding traits at the research field of National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan during winter seasons of two consecutive years 2017 and 2018. The design of the experiment was Randomized Complete Block having three replications. The unit plot size was 3m x 2m with 25cm row to row spacing and continues plant to plant spacing was maintained and net harvested plot was 6 sq meters. The experiment was planted at last week of October in both years. The recommended dose of fertilizer was 30:30:0 for N:P:K kg ha-1 respectively and seed rate 50 kg ha-1. Disease data were recorded for downy mildew (Perenospora fagopyri), powdery mildew (Erysiphepolygoni) and botrytis leaf blight (Botrytis cinerea) severity on 20 randomly tagged plants/plot. The yield and yield attributing traits were recorded. Buckwheat genotypes differed significantly (p<0.05) on disease severity, grain yield and yield attributing traits. Genotypes CBBP-01, KIF-72-22-520, GF5283, ACC#2234 and ACC#2213 were resistant to powdery mildew, downy mildew and botrytis leaf blight and also resulted in higher grain yield. Grain yield had found strong negative correlation with the fungal disease severity of buckwheat. These genotypes might be useful for the development of major foliar fungal disease resistant high yielding common buckwheat variety in inner terai region of Nepal.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 143-152 (2020)
Effect of Phosphorus and Mulching on Yield of Tomato
Authors: Mondal MMA , Hoque MI 
Published: September 2020

The field experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during October 2017 to March 2018, to investigate the effect of different levels of phosphorus and mulches on growth, yield attributes and yield of tomato cv. Roma VF. Two factors: (i) Four levels phosphorus viz., 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg P ha-1 and (ii) four different mulches viz., no mulch (control), water hyacinth, rice straw and banana leaves. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design with four replications. The effect of phosphorus levels and mulches on morphological characters: plant height, leaf number plant-1, reproductive characters: number of flower clusters plant-1, flowers plant-1, days to flowering and yield contributing characters: number of fruits plant-1, fruit length, single fruit weight and fruit yield both plant-1 and ha-1 was significant. The highest morphological and reproductive characters, yield contributing characters and fruit yield (71.98 t ha-1) were recorded in 120 kg P ha-1 followed by 80 kg P ha-1 (69.76 t ha-1) with same statistical rank. In contrast, the above morphological, reproductive, yield attributes and fruit yield (47.62 t ha-1) was recorded in control plant where no phosphorus was applied. Application of P @ 80 kg ha-1 was found suitable dose for tomato cultivation. Among the three mulches, water hyacinth had remarkable effect on plant growth and yield attributes which resulting the highest fruit yield (68.35 t ha-1) in tomato. So, we may use water hyacinth mulch with application of 80 kg P for maximizing tomato fruit yield during winter season for silty loam soil.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 153-160 (2020)
Performance of Different Cultivars of Mungbean in Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam KN , Khan MMH , Islam MM , Uddin MM , Latif MA 
Published: September 2020

The study was conducted at farmers’ field of Itbaria, Patuakhali sadarupazila under Patuakhali district during January to April 2016under the agro ecological zone AEZ-13 (Ganges Tidal Flood plain). This site was located in between 22°14' and 22°29' North latitudes and in between 90°12' and 90°28' East longitudes of Bangladesh. Fifteenmungbean varieties viz., BARI Mung-1, BARI Mung-2, BARI Mung-3, BARI Mung-4, BARI Mung-5, BARI Mung-6, BINA Moog-4, BINA Moog-5, BINA Moog- 6, BINA Moog-7, BINA Moog-8, BU Mug-1, BU Mug-2, BU Mug-4 and Patuakhali local Mung were tested to select best suitable variety for costal region.The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with threereplications. Significant variation was observed among the different mungbeanvarities in respect of majority of the observed parameters.BU Mug-1 showed the tallest plant height while the tallest pod length was observed in BARI Mung-5. The highest number of branches per plant was found in BINA Moog-4 whereas the highest number of leaves per plant found for BARI Mung-6. The highest seed yield and yield attributes like number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and 1000 seed weight was recorded in BARI Mung-6 followed by BINA Moog-8 while Patuakhali local Mung produced the lowest yield and attributes. Most of the yield contributing factors of BARI Mung-6 wasfavorable for better yield in coastal region of Bangladesh. Hence the mungbean production can be increased by introducingBARI Mung-6 in costal region.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 161-172 (2020)
Assessment of Quality Characteristics of Boiled Yam Tubers Available in Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan FN , Rahim MA , Hossain MM , Rahman MH , Chowdhury MAZ , Moniruzzaman M , Samanta AK 
Published: September 2020

Tuber of yam (Dioscorea spp.) is one of the important foods widely popular in several countries. In spite of its assignment in the category of underutilized crop, the tubers of yam are consumed by the people of Bangladesh in different forms. The current paper has made an endeavor to evaluate the sensory qualities of boiled yam tubers by the panel of evaluators. The quality parameters that were considered for evaluation of boiled yam tubers were ease of peeling, poundability, discoloration of water after boiling, color and texture, bitterness, sweetness, etc. Evidently, it was possible to judge the quality of yams based on the sensory evaluation as it is one of the important steps for acceptability of foods and their subsequent usages. Around 31 tuber samples were harvested during the winter season from the Germplasm Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural University. Amongst the 31 samples, 24 came under the category of ‘easy to peel’, and ‘difficult to peel’ were only 7 samples. Regarding the color after cooking, 19 samples were “white, not colored”, whereas, 3 samples were intermediate and 9 samples were highly colored; might be attributed by the presence of phyto-compounds. Nevertheless, two samples i.e. RHMF002 and RMHF010 were found to possess most of the favorable sensory characters in terms of discoloration of water after boiling, sweetness, bitterness, texture, poundability, etc.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 173-182 (2020)
Different Body Measurement and Body Weight Prediction of Jamuna Basin Sheep in Bangladesh
Authors: Sun MA , Hossain MA , Islam T , Rahman MM , Hossain MM , Hashem MA 
Published: September 2020

The aim of this study was to estimate different body measurements and derive prediction equation for live weight of Jamuna basin sheep using different body measurement. A total of 520 individual records of sheep (47 males and 473 females) including all temporary at nine-month age (320), first pair permanent at 1.6 year age (161) and 2nd pair permanent at two years age (39) were collected from two Upazila of Sherpur district. Body weight (BW) was taken using a weighing scale and different measurements were taken using the tailor's tape measure and measuring stick while animals were on standing position. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS-v-20 computer package program. Average BW, wither height(WH), rump height(RH), body length(BL), sternum height(SH), body depth(RD), bi-costal diameter(BD), ear length(EL), rump width(RW), head width(HW), rump length(RL), head length(HL), heart girth(HG), cannon bone circumference(CC) and muzzle diameter(MD) were 12.28±2.75 kg, 49.42±3.78, 54.04±3.88, 49.38±4.57, 28.06±3.00, 53.09±4.40, 15.07±2.58, 8.66±3.32, 15.72±2.33, 12.87±2.20, 14.30±2.29, 18.23±2.30, 55.02±4.71, 9.22±1.01, and 16.65±1.73cm, respectively. According to sex BW, WH, RH, SH, RD and CC were found significant (p<0.001), HG and MD were found significant(p<0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis according to agein all temporary groups showed that the body weight was found the best fitted equation having the highest R2value 64% (BW = - 15.53+0.24HG+0.13WH+0.16BD-.1RW+0.05EL) whereas in 1.3-1.6 and 1.9-2 years age group the R2 value for BD was 56 (BW = - 15.65+0.31HG+0.22WH)and 83% (BW = -24.51+0.21RH+0.35HG+0. 19BL-0.78RL+1.2RW-0.87HW), respectively. R2value for BD in male (BW = -28.91+0.43HG+0.35WH) and female (BW = -10.62+0.27HG+ 0.13WH+0.06BD-0.13HW+0.07BL-0.10SH-0.10RL) was 88and 59%, respectively. It is concluded that the best prediction parameter of BW was HG, WH, BD, RW, EL, RH, BL and HW.
SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 183-196 (2020)