bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Room for the Missio Dei in Missiological Research
Authors: Taylor Lynne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The phrase missio Dei represents a significant advance in contemporary missiology: recognizing that God’s agency and impulse precedes and lies behind human engagement in mission. While missiological research can help Christians discover how God is at work in the world, in order to become involved in the missio Dei, missiology generally borrows its methodology from the social sciences, which focus on human processes: potentially desacralizing faith and discounting the agency of God. This article explores how critical realism offers an ontological framework within which to explore the missio Dei. It further shows that grounded theory provides a rigorous methodology for areas of study that have previously not sought to discern God’s agency. Finally, the article provides an example of research attentive to the missio Dei: exploring why previously secular (unchurched) Australians are becoming Christians today.
Notes on the Fundamental Unity of Humankind
Authors: van Binsbergen Wim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The argument claims the vital importance of the idea of the fundamental unity of humankind for any intercultural philosophy, and succinctly traces the trajectory of this idea – and its denials – in the Western and the African traditions of philosophical and empirical research. The conclusion considers the present-day challenges towards this idea’s implementation – timely as it is, yet apparently impotent in the face of mounting global violence.
<p><strong><em>Peucedanum pradeepianum</em></strong><strong> (Apiaceae: Apioideae), a new species from Western Ghats, India</strong></p>
Authors: PRABHUKUMAR KONICKAL MAMBETTA , HAREESH VADAKKOOT SANKARAN , PRADEEP RAM , BALACHANDRAN INDIRA 
Published: May 2020

A new species, Peucedanum pradeepianum KMP Kumar, Hareesh & Indu sp. nov. from Western Ghats of Kerala, is described and illustrated. The new species is closely related to P. anamallayense and P. dhana var. dhana, but differs in having deeply serrate leaflets, broadly ovate bract, ovate-lanceolate, acute bracteoles, and 3–4 lateral and 4 commissural vittae.
Reliability of Measuring Insertion Depth in Cochlear Implanted Infants and Children Using Cochlear View Radiography
Authors: Noble Anisha R. , Christianson Erin , Norton Susan J. , Ou Henry C. , Phillips Grace S. , Khalatbari Hedieh , Friedman Seth D. , Horn David L. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesCochlear implant depth of insertion affects audiologic outcomes and can be measured in adults using plain films obtained in the “cochlear view.” The objective of this study was to assess interrater and intrarater reliability of measuring depth of insertion using cochlear view radiography.Study DesignProspective, observational.SettingTertiary referral pediatric hospital.Subjects and MethodsPatients aged 11 months to 20 years (median, 4 years; interquartile range [IQR], 1‐8 years) undergoing cochlear implantation at our institution were studied over 1 year. Children underwent cochlear view imaging on postoperative day 1. Films were deidentified and 1 image per ear was selected. Two cochlear implant surgeons and 2 radiologists evaluated each image and determined angular depth of insertion. Images were re‐reviewed 6 weeks later by all raters. Inter‐ and intrarater reliability were calculated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsFifty‐seven ears were imaged from 42 children. Forty‐nine ears (86%) had successful cochlear view x‐rays. Median angular depth of insertion was 381° (minimum, 272°; maximum, 450°; IQR, 360°‐395°) during the first round of measurement. Measurements of the same images reviewed 6 weeks later showed median depth of insertion of 382° (minimum, 272°; maximum, 449°; IQR, 360°‐397°). Interrater and intrarater reliability ICCs ranged between 0.81 and 0.96, indicating excellent reliability.ConclusionsPostoperative cochlear view radiography is a reliable tool for measurement of cochlear implant depth of insertion in infants and children. Further studies are needed to determine reliability of intraoperatively obtained cochlear view radiographs in this population.
Initial Facial Feminization Surgery Experience in a Multicenter Integrated Health Care System
Authors: Chou David W. , Tejani Nizar , Kleinberger Andrew , Shih Charles 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveThere are few large studies on facial feminization surgery (FFS). We provide the largest comprehensive report to date of an FFS cohort regarding the safety of multilevel surgery, patient‐specific considerations with FFS procedures, and complications of surgery.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingMulticenter integrated health care system.Subjects and MethodsWe examined all patients undergoing FFS within our institution from April 2016 to October 2018. Patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of gender dysphoria underwent any combination of scalp advancement, cranioplasty, brow lift, rhinoplasty, upper lip lift, mandibuloplasty, chondrolaryngoplasty, and/or additional cosmetic procedures. Medical records were reviewed for preoperative characteristics, FFS procedures undergone, and postoperative complications.ResultsIn total, 121 patients underwent a total of 594 FFS procedures. Seventy‐five percent of patients had only 1 or no comorbidities, and 90% of patients underwent cranioplasty, scalp advancement, and brow lift. African American patients (n = 5) less commonly underwent cranioplasty compared to those of other ethnicities (white, P <. 001; Asian, P =. 022; Hispanic, P =. 014; multiracial, P =. 006). Asian patients less commonly underwent rhinoplasty than white patients (38% vs 73%, P =. 023). Only 8 (6.6%) patients experienced a significant complication after surgery.ConclusionsThe population undergoing FFS is generally healthy, the upper third of the face is most commonly addressed, there are age and ethnic considerations in FFS, and major complications after multilevel surgery are uncommon.
Comparison of real-world treatment outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and phacoemulsification cataract surgery: A retrospective, observational study from an outpatient clinic in France
Authors: Charles Crozafon Philippe , Bouchet Christine , Zignani Monia , Griner Ray , Foster Samuel D , Zou Ming , Dhariwal Mukesh 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: This study compared real-world safety and efficacy outcomes of cataract surgery performed with LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery or manual phacoemulsification cataract surgery procedures. Methods: A retrospective observational study used data from anonymised electronic medical records to compare mean cumulative dissipated energy, the proportion of eyes reaching emmetropia, mean change in best-corrected distance visual acuity and the proportion of eyes with post-surgical complications, including corneal oedema and posterior capsule opacification. Results were adjusted for multiple comparisons for primary and secondary objectives. Results: Data from 811 phacoemulsification cataract surgery and 496 femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery procedures were analysed. Mean cumulative dissipated energy was significantly lower for femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (6.5 percent-seconds) than for phacoemulsification cataract surgery (14.3 percent-seconds; p < 0.0001) procedures. More femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (81.2%) procedures achieved emmetropia (⩽ 0.5 dioptre) than did phacoemulsification cataract surgery (73.5%) procedures, although this difference was not statistically significant. Mean change in best-corrected distance visual acuity and the proportion of eyes with corneal oedema, posterior capsule opacification or other complications were not significantly different between cohorts when adjusted for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: In this single-centre, single-surgeon retrospective electronic medical record database study using divide and conquer technique, femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery was associated with significantly lower cumulative dissipated energy when compared to manual phacoemulsification cataract surgery. This supports the hypothesis that femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery involves less mechanical trauma, which might lead to more consistent refractive and safety outcomes than manual phacoemulsification cataract surgery, though such outcomes were found to be comparable in this study.
Registries and collaborative studies for primary ciliary dyskinesia in Europe
Authors: Ardura-Garcia Cristina , Goutaki Myrofora , Carr Siobhán B. , Crowley Suzanne , Halbeisen Florian S. , Nielsen Kim G. , Pennekamp Petra , Raidt Johanna , Thouvenin Guillaume , Yiallouros Panayiotis K. , Omran Heymut , Kuehni Claudia E. 
Published: May 2020

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare inherited disease characterised by malfunctioning cilia leading to a heterogeneous clinical phenotype with many organ systems affected. There is a lack of data on clinical presentation, prognosis and effectiveness of treatments, making it mandatory to improve the scientific evidence base.This article reviews the data resources that are available in Europe for clinical and epidemiological research in PCD, namely established national PCD registries and national cohort studies, plus two large collaborative efforts (the international PCD (iPCD) Cohort and the International PCD Registry), and discusses their strengths, limitations and perspectives.Denmark, Cyprus, Norway and Switzerland have national population-based registries, while England and France conduct multicentre cohort studies. Based on the data contained in these registries, the prevalence of diagnosed PCD is 3–7 per 100 000 in children and 0.2–6 per 100 000 in adults. All registries, together with other studies from Europe and beyond, contribute to the iPCD Cohort, a collaborative study including data from over 4000 PCD patients, and to the International PCD Registry, which is part of the ERN (European Reference Network)-LUNG network.This rich resource of readily available, standardised and contemporaneous data will allow obtaining fast answers to emerging clinical and research questions in PCD.
Translation method is validity evidence for construct equivalence: analysis of secondary data routinely collected during translations of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ)
Authors: Hawkins Melanie , Cheng Christina , Elsworth Gerald R. , Osborne Richard H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Cross-cultural research with patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) assumes that the PROM in the target language will measure the same construct in the same way as the PROM in the source language. Yet translation methods are rarely used to qualitatively maximise construct equivalence or to describe the intents of each item to support common understanding within translation teams. This study aimed to systematically investigate the utility of the Translation Integrity Procedure (TIP), in particular the use of item intent descriptions, to maximise construct equivalence during the translation process, and to demonstrate how documented data from the TIP contributes evidence to a validity argument for construct equivalence between translated and source language PROMs.

Methods
Analysis of secondary data was conducted on routinely collected data in TIP Management Grids of translations (n = 9) of the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) that took place between August 2014 and August 2015: Arabic, Czech, French (Canada), French (France), Hindi, Indonesian, Slovak, Somali and Spanish (Argentina). Two researchers initially independently deductively coded the data to nine common types of translation errors. Round two of coding included an identified 10th code. Coded data were compared for discrepancies, and checked when needed with a third researcher for final code allocation.

Results
Across the nine translations, 259 changes were made to provisional forward translations and were coded into 10 types of errors. Most frequently coded errors were Complex word or phrase (n = 99), Semantic (n = 54) and Grammar (n = 27). Errors coded least frequently were Cultural errors (n = 7) and Printed errors (n = 5).

Conclusions
To advance PROM validation practice, this study investigated a documented translation method that includes the careful specification of descriptions of item intents. Assumptions that translated PROMs have construct equivalence between linguistic contexts can be incorrect due to errors in translation. Of particular concern was the use of high level complex words by translators, which, if undetected, could cause flawed interpretation of data from people with low literacy. Item intent descriptions can support translations to maximise construct equivalence, and documented translation data can contribute evidence to justify score interpretation and use of translated PROMS in new linguistic contexts.
Decreasing trend in preterm birth and perinatal mortality, do disparities also decline?
Authors: Ravelli Anita C. J. , Eskes Martine , van der Post Joris A. M. , Abu-Hanna Ameen , de Groot Christianne J. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
In the Netherlands, several initiatives started after the publication of the PERISTAT findings that showed the perinatal mortality risk was higher than in other European countries. The objective of this study is 1) to report recent trends in perinatal mortality and in intermediate risk groups (preterm birth, congenital anomalies and small for gestational age (SGA)), 2) describing perinatal mortality risk among children born preterm, with congenital anomalies or SGA, and born in maternal high risk groups (parity, age, ethnicity and socio-economic status (SES)).

Methods
A nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands among 996,423 singleton births in 2010–2015 with a gestational age between 24.0 and 42.6 weeks. Trend tests, univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used. We did separate analyses for gestational age subgroups and line of care.

Results
The perinatal mortality rate was 5.0 per 1000 and it decreased significantly from 5.6 in 2010 to 4.6 per 1000 in 2015. Preterm birth significantly declined (6.1% in 2010 to 5.6% in 2015). Analysis by gestational age groups showed that the largest decline in perinatal mortality of 32% was seen at 24–27 weeks of gestation where the risk declined from 497 to 339 per 1000. At term, the decline was 23% from 2.2 to 1.7 per 1000. The smallest decline was 3% between 32 and 36 weeks.
In children with preterm birth, congenital anomalies or SGA, the perinatal mortality risk significantly declined. Main risk factors for perinatal mortality were African ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.1 95%CI [1.9–2.4]), maternal age ≥ 40 years (aOR1.9 95%CI [1.7–2.2]) and parity 2+ (aOR 1.4 95%CI [1.3–1.5]). Among the (post)term born neonates, there was no significant decline in perinatal mortality in women with low age, low or high SES, non-Western ethnicity and among women who started or delivered under primary care.

Conclusions
There is a decline in preterm birth and in perinatal mortality between 2010 and 2015. The decline in perinatal mortality is both in stillbirths and in neonatal mortality, most prominently among 24–27 weeks and among (post)term births. A possible future target could be deliveries among 32–36 weeks, women with high maternal age or non-Western ethnicity.
FOXC2 is a prognostic biomarker and contributes to the growth and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Jinzhang , Rong Xiaoxiang , Liu Xinhui , Zheng Dayong , Rong Xiaodong , Chen Fengsheng , Zhao Peng , Liu Feiye , Ruan Jian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) is a crucial factor involving in various cancers. However, its functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown. Here, we explored the role of FOXC2 in the progression of HCC and its potential mechanisms.

Methods
FOXC2 expression in HCC tissue and cells were detected by immunohistochemistry or western blot and real-time PCR. CCK8, wound healing and transwell assay were used to measure cell growth and invasion. Tumor formation experiment was carried out to assess the tumorigenicity of HCC cells. Regulation of FOXC2 on Ang-2 was validated by luciferase assay and complementary experiments.

Results
Increased FOXC2 expression was found to be associated positively with more aggressive clinicopathologic features. HCC patients with higher FOXC2 expression had significantly shorter overall survival. FOXC2 expression was indentified as an independent risk factor for resectable HCC. Increased FOXC2 expression accelerated the migration and invasion of HCC cells, accompanied by enhanced Ang-2 expression. Likewise, FOXC2 knockdown yielded opposite results. Moreover, FOXC2 stimulated the activation of the Ang-2 promoter. Suppression of Ang-2 expression hindered the FOXC2-mediated EMT processs, cell migration and invasion of HCC.

Conclusions
FOXC2 is a novel prognostic predictor for HCC and may facilitate the growth and invasion through Ang-2.
The impact and distinction of ‘lipid healthy but obese’ and ‘lipid abnormal but not obese’ phenotypes on lumbar disc degeneration in Chinese
Authors: Shi Sheng , Zhou Zhi , Liao Jun-Jun , Yang Yue-Hua , Wu Jun-Song , Zheng Shuang , He Shi-Sheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Lipid abnormality and obesity have been proposed to be associated with lumbar disc degeneration, but little is known about the effect of ‘lipid healthy but obese’ (LH-O) and ‘lipid abnormal but not obese’ (LA-NO) phenotypes on lumbar disc degeneration in Chinese. The study aims to determine the impact and distinction of LH-O and LA-NO phenotypes on lumbar disc degeneration in Chinese, and to identify the association of related factors with risk of lumbar disc degeneration.

Methods
A total of 678 individuals were included with lumbar magnetic resonance imaging, serum lipid levels and anthropometric measurements. Obesity was defined on the basis of body mass index or waist to hip ratio (WHR). Pfirrmann score and Weishaupt’s scale were utilized to assess the degree of disc degeneration and facet joint degeneration.

Results
The incidence of the LH-O and LA-NO phenotypes were 11.4% and 18.1%, respectively. LA-NO phenotype demonstrates a high incidence for disc degeneration (P < 0.05), while LH-O phenotype confers a severe disc degeneration grade (P < 0.05). No statistical difference in the percentage of severe facet joint degeneration grade in each group (P > 0.05). Elevated triglycerides and greater WHR may be the risk factors for lumbar disc degeneration in Chinese.

Conclusion
LH-O and LA-NO phenotypes are common with different status of disc degeneration in Chinese. Elevated triglycerides and abdominal obesity appear to play crucial roles in the development of lumbar disc degeneration.
Is diet partly responsible for differences in COVID-19 death rates between and within countries?
Authors:   The ARIA group, Bousquet Jean , Anto Josep M. , Iaccarino Guido , Czarlewski Wienczyslawa , Haahtela Tari , Anto Aram , Akdis Cezmi A. , Blain Hubert , Canonica G. Walter , Cardona Victoria , Cruz Alvaro A. , Illario Maddalena , Ivancevich Juan Carlos , Jutel Marek , Klimek Ludger , Kuna Piotr , Laune Daniel , Larenas-Linnemann Désirée , Mullol Joaquim , Papadopoulos Nikos G. , Pfaar Oliver , Samolinski Boleslaw , Valiulis Arunas , Yorgancioglu Arzu , Zuberbier Torsten 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Reported COVID-19 deaths in Germany are relatively low as compared to many European countries. Among the several explanations proposed, an early and large testing of the population was put forward. Most current debates on COVID-19 focus on the differences among countries, but little attention has been given to regional differences and diet. The low-death rate European countries (e.g. Austria, Baltic States, Czech Republic, Finland, Norway, Poland, Slovakia) have used different quarantine and/or confinement times and methods and none have performed as many early tests as Germany. Among other factors that may be significant are the dietary habits. It seems that some foods largely used in these countries may reduce angiotensin-converting enzyme activity or are anti-oxidants. Among the many possible areas of research, it might be important to understand diet and angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) levels in populations with different COVID-19 death rates since dietary interventions may be of great benefit.
Protective effect of Antigonon leptopus (Hook et. Arn) in cadmium induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats
Authors: Poosa Madhuri , Vanapatla Swaroopa Rani 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Antigonon leptopus is a medicinal plant its leaves has not been reported for protective effects against cadmium induced hepatorenal toxicity. Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential toxic metal used in industrial process, causes severe risk to human health with high levels. It is accumulated primarily in liver and kidney.

Methods
Male Wistar albino rats (200-250 g) were divided into 6 groups (n = 6) and had free access to diet and water. Cadmium chloride (5 mg/kg b.w/day) was administered orally for 21 days and methanolic extract of Antigonon leptopus (ALME) was administered to groups of cadmium treated rats at daily doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w;p.o. for 21 days. At the end, liver and kidney markers along with antioxidant parameters are evaluated.

Results
The results indicated that, administration of cadmium significantly (p < 0.05) increased the levels liver enzymes in serum and bilirubin levels, decreases in total proteins and albumin; in addition to the levels of uric acid, urea and creatinine were increased in the serum. Glutathione (GSH) levels and the enzyme catalase activities were significantly(p < 0.05) decreased while lipid peroxidation was increased in hepatic and renal tissues of cadmium treated rats. The pre-administration of ALME at all the three test doses, alleviated hepatorenal toxicity in cadmium treated rats, used Silymarin (100 mg/kg) as standard. Moreover, ALME treatment was able to reverse the histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissues, and increased the red blood cells, hemoglobin content and decreased prothrombin time and white blood cells.

Conclusion
Among all the three test doses, ALME at 200 mg/kg have shown significant antioxidant effect and also exerts beneficial effect against cadmium induced hepatorenal toxicity.
Full-chain modeling and performance analysis of integral imaging three-dimensional display system
Authors: Yuan Ying , Wang Xiaorui , Yang Yang , Yuan Hang , Zhang Chao , Zhao Zhenshun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe full-chain system performance characterization is very important for the optimization design of an integral imaging three-dimensional (3D) display system. In this paper, the acquisition and display processes of 3D scene will be treated as a complete light field information transmission process. The full-chain performance characterization model of an integral imaging 3D display system is established, which uses the 3D voxel, the image depth, and the field of view of the reconstructed images as the 3D display quality evaluation indicators. Unlike most of the previous research results using the ideal integral imaging model, the proposed full-chain performance characterization model considering the diffraction effect and optical aberration of the microlens array, the sampling effect of the detector, 3D image data scaling, and the human visual system, can accurately describe the actual 3D light field transmission and convergence characteristics. The relationships between key parameters of an integral imaging 3D display system and the 3D display quality evaluation indicators are analyzed and discussed by the simulation experiment. The results will be helpful for the optimization design of a high-quality integral imaging 3D display system.