bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Zinc Intake and Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the French NutriNet-Santé Cohort
Authors: Vasseur Pauline , Dugelay Emmanuelle , Benamouzig Robert , Savoye Guillaume , Hercberg Serge , Touvier Mathilde , Hugot Jean-Pierre , Julia Chantal , Lan Annaïg , Buscail Camille 
Published: May 2020

INTRODUCTION:
This study aimed to assess the association between incident Crohn's disease (CD) or incident ulcerative colitis (UC) and dietary zinc intake.

METHODS:
NutriNet-Santé cohort's participants who completed at least three 24-hour dietary records were included and incident CD or UC cases were identified. Multivariable Poisson models were performed to assess associations between tertiles of zinc intake and CD or UC.

RESULTS:
Among the 105,832 participants, 27 reported incident CD and 48 reported incident UC. The relative risks of CD decreased with dietary zinc intakes. Compared with participants with the lowest tertile of zinc intake, the relative risks for CD were 0.60 (95% confidence interval [0.22–1.66]) and 0.12 (95% confidence interval [0.02–0.73]) for the second and the highest tertiles, respectively (P
trend = 0.02). No significant association was observed for UC.

DISCUSSION:
Dietary zinc intake was inversely associated with incident CD.
Distinct functions and prognostic values of RORs in gastric cancer
Authors: Gu Feng , Liu Yuming , Liu Yuan , Cheng Shujie , Yang Jihong , Kang Ming , Duan Wendu , Liu Yan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs) are frequently abnormally expressed in several human malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC). RORs are involved in the development and progression of GC through Wnt signaling pathway receptors and other common receptors. However, the prognostic roles of individual RORs in patients with GC remain elusive. We accessed the prognostic roles of three RORs (RORα, RORβ, and RORγ) through “The Kaplan–Meier plotter” (KM plotter) database in patients with GC. For all patients with GC who were followed for 20 years, the low mRNA expression of all three RORs showed a significant correlation with better outcomes. We further accessed the prognostic value of individual RORs in different clinical pathological features including Lauren classification, clinical stages, pathological grades, HER2 status, and different treatments methods. The RORs demonstrated critical prognostic roles in GC. Expressions of RORs were higher in GC tissues when compared with normal gastric tissues. Moreover, knockdown of RORs significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration, suggesting an oncogenic role of RORs in human GC. These findings suggest potential roles of RORs as biomarkers for GC prognosis and as oncogenes in GC.
Two-dimensional flow field distribution characteristics of flocking drainage pipes in tunnel
Authors: Liu Shiyang , Zhang Xuefu , Gao Feng , Wei Liangwen , Liu Qiang , Lü Huoyin , Wang Bo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith the rapid development of traffic infrastructure in China, the problem of crystal plugging of tunnel drainage pipes becomes increasingly salient. In order to build a mechanism that is resilient to the crystal plugging of flocking drainage pipes, the present study used the numerical simulation to analyze the two-dimensional flow field distribution characteristics of flocking drainage pipes under different flocking spacings. Then, the results were compared with the laboratory test results. According to the results, the maximum velocity distribution in the flow field of flocking drainage pipes is closely related to the transverse distance h of the fluff, while the longitudinal distance h of the fluff causes little effect; when the transverse distance h of the fluff is less than 6.25D (D refers to the diameter of the fluff), the velocity between the adjacent transverse fluffs will be increased by more than 10%. Moreover, the velocity of the upstream and downstream fluffs will be decreased by 90% compared with that of the inlet; the crystal distribution can be more obvious in the place with larger velocity while it is less at the lower flow rate. The results can provide theoretical support for building a mechanism to deal with and remove the crystallization of flocking drainage pipes.
Pflege durch (nicht-verwandte) Freunde?
Authors: Schobin Janosch 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUnter den Bedingungen demographischer Schrumpfung, pluralisierter Lebensformen und zunehmender Erwerbsbeteiligung der Frauen spricht alles dafür, den „Pflegemix“ verstärkt durch Pflegeleistungen zu ergänzen, die Freunde erbringen. Studien zur Pflege durch Freunde gibt es jedoch kaum. Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert das Kohortenprofil häuslicher Pflegearrangements durch eine lineare Mehrebenenanalyse der Pflegedaten des Soziooekonomischen Panels (SOEP) der Jahre 2000–2013. Die Analyse zeigt, dass freundschaftsgestützte Pflegearrangements bei Gepflegten zunehmen, die 1938 oder später geboren wurden. Im Gegensatz hierzu nehmen häusliche Pflegearrangements, in denen ausschließlich Freunde pflegen, nicht in jüngeren Kohorten zu. Des Weiteren analysiert der Beitrag die Pflegeerwartungen an Freunde anhand der Daten des SOEP aus dem Jahr 2011. Hier zeigt sich, dass 1) Pflegeerwartungen primär an kommunikativ intime Freunde adressiert sind, dass 2) Personen ohne Nach- und Vorfahren mit einer besonders hohen Wahrscheinlichkeit Pflege von Freunden erwarten und dass 3) es einen geschlechtsspezifischen Geschlechtshomogenitätseffekt für die Nominierung von Freunden als potenzielle Pfleger gibt. Der Artikel schließt mit einer Diskussion der Forschungslücken in der aktuellen Literatur zur Pflege durch Freunde und plädiert für eine stärker freundschaftssoziologisch informierte Forschung informeller Pflegearrangements.
Condicionamento Cardiorrespiratório de idosos: há diferença em praticante de exercício físico e não praticantes?
Authors: Vitor Nunes Lopes João , Karina Rodrigues Fernandes Ana , Tavares Sampaio Desiree , Cardoso Souza Thalita , Resende De Oliveira Tayrine , Rocha Alves Mariana , Dias Rodrigues Vinicius 
Published: May 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: As mudanças no sistema cardiorrespiratório são evidentes durante o processo de envelhecimento. A aptidão cardiorrespiratória (ACR) tem sido considerada um dos principais fatores responsáveis pela perda de independência em idosos. OBJETIVO: verificar a capacidade cardiorrespiratória em idosos praticantes e não praticantes de atividade física sistematizada. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo com delineamento transversal. A amostra foi composta por 30 idosas, do sexo feminino com idade entre 65 a 75 anos independentes, divididas em praticantes e não praticantes de exercício físico. Definiu-se como critério de exclusão da pesquisa ausência das participantes durante o período de coleta dos dados. Como instrumento de coleta utilizou-se o teste de marcha estacionária para a avaliação cardiorrespiratória. O avaliador conta uma passada de cada vez, sendo que só foram computadas as passadas em que o joelho atinja a altura correta ao nível ponto médio entre a patela e a espinha ilíaca ântero-superior. RESULTADOS: obteve como resultado média de 43,40 ± 10,08 para indivíduos não praticantes de exercício físico, com peso corporal de 59,26 ± 10, 09kg. No entanto, para indivíduos praticantes de exercício físico com peso corporal de 69,73 ± 11,48kg obteve-se média de 43,73 ± 9,29 ciclos completos. CONCLUSÃO: Nessa amostra não houve uma diferença da aptidão cardiorrespiratória em idosos praticantes e não praticantes de exercício físico.
Prevalence and distribution of various human papillomavirus genotypes in women with high risk for cervical carcinoma
Authors: Maheshwari Sheenu , Nautiyal Ruchira , Kotwal Aarti , Chandra Smita 
Published: May 2020

Background: In India, cervical cancer is second most common cancer in women and is the second most common cause of death due to cancers in women. Human papillomavirus (HPV), mainly genotype 16 and 18, are responsible for most of the precancerous lesions of cervix and for cervical cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the spread of HPV infection and its early treatment to decrease cervical cancer associated morbidity and mortality. Aims of this study was to find out the prevalence and distribution of various HPV genotypes in women high risk for cervical carcinoma. To find correlation between HPV DNA test and cytology report.Methods: An observational study was done on a total of 384 women who were at a high risk for cervical cancer. Ectocervix and endocervix samples for conventional cytology along with cervical swab collection for HPV DNA isolation were obtained from women aged 21-65 years. Multiplex real time PCR used for HPV DNA isolation and genotyping and Bethseda classification 2014 was used for reporting cytology. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22 and Microsoft excel 2010 software. Data assessment was done using independent t-test, Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.Results: Prevalence of HPV in women high risk for cervical cancer in our study was 14.58%. Most common high-risk genotypes were HPV 18 (7.03%) followed by HPV 16 (6.51%). All genotypes except genotype 31, were more frequently seen as a single infection rather than a multiple infection. In 323 subjects which were negative for Pap smear, 31 were positive for HPV DNA showing a statistically significant result with a p value of <0.0001.Conclusions: It was analysed that infection with HPV is very common (9.60%) even in women who had a negative Pap smear test showing a positive correlation between the two tests. HPV DNA testing can improve the detection rate of cervical intraepithelial lesions.
A study of initial 251 Covid-19 patients admitted at Government Medical College, Kota
Authors: Sardana Vijay , Singhal Govind 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT Background: A new strain of Corona virus, presently known as Covid-19, belongs to the family of Corona viruses that originated in animals, has not previously been identified in humans. The high infectivity of the disease led to the third Corona virus outbreak in the last 20 years after the SARS-CoV and the Middle East respiratory syndrome MERS-CoV.Methods: It was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study at GMC, Kota Hospital, conducted from 5 April to 10 May 2020. All the positive patients who were residents of Kota and diagnosed and admitted at Government Medical College (GMC), Kota were selected for this study. A pretested and structured questionnaire was used. Data were entered, processed and analyzed using SPSS version 20.Results: Out of total 251 included patients, 162 Males and 89 Females. The most affected containment zones were Chandraghata, Suket, Bhimganjmandi and Anantpura. The mass Sampling was satisfactory in Chandraghata, Bhimganjmandi and Anantpura. Seventy one percent of first follow up sample were negative which was increased on subsequent follow up sample. Only 10 Patients died with the case fatality rate of 03.98%. Twenty five percent patients became follow up positive even though their first follow up sample was negative.Conclusions: Males were more affected then females. Maximum number of cases belonged to 20-50 years of age. Sampling pattern was not uniform. The results do not justify labelling to the asymptomatic/mild Covid-19 positive patient as cured just after the first follow up negative. Most common co-morbidities in fatal Covid-19 patients were diabetes mellitus, hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Prevalence of depression among elderly population in rural South India
Authors: Vincent Vivin , Shanmugam Jeevithan , Duraisamy Shanmugapriya , Loganathan Padmavathy , Ganeshkumar Vijay , Balakrishnan Vedanayaki 
Published: May 2020

Background: Depression among elderly is the commonest psychiatric disorder however it is commonly misdiagnosed and under treated. Most of the time it is considered as part of aging process rather than a treatable condition. Diagnosing depression in the elderly is often difficult as a result of presence of cognitive impairment as well as reluctance and denial by the elderly and their family members. Objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of depression among elderly rural population in South India. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 2 months among 575 elderly people aged 60 years and above in the rural field practice area of a tertiary care hospital in south India using a pre validated Geriatric Depression Scale. Data entered and analysed using MS Excel.Results: 77.56% of the study participants were found to be depressed. Among them 74.66% were mild depressive and 25.34% had severe depression. Depression was common in elderly males as compared to females. The prevalence of depression was higher in those who live single and those living with their children without their spouse and those with co morbidities.Conclusions: Prevalence of depression among elderly is high in rural areas. It also increases as the age increases. Early identification and timely intervention would promote healthy old age.
Study on the Application of 220/20kV SF6 Gas Transformer
Authors: Zhou Jun , Chen Weidong , Tu Haoxi , Wang Lianfeng , Ni Hongmei 
Published: May 2020

<p>With the rapid development of Shenzhen's economy, the land resources in Shenzhen are more and more scarce, and the location of substation is more and more difficult. In order to solve the contradiction between the land resources shortage and the development of power grid, the new mode of substation construction of "embedded attached substation" came into being. Because of the particularity of the embedded attached substation, the fire protection requires that the equipment of this kind of substation should be oil-free, making it difficult to select the appropriate 220/20kV transformer. Therefore, this paper studies a new 220/20kV SF6 gas transformer for the above problems, combined with its structural characteristics, aspects including fire protection, ventilation and noise reduction are described to provide reference for transformer selection of this type of substation.</p>
Resúmenes de literatura mundial
Authors: Acuña A. Juan Manuel 
Published: May 2020

Dismenorrea primaria: la importancia de la prostaglandinas E2 y F2 AlfaInhibidores de la sintetasa de prostaglandina en el tratamiento de la dismenorrea primaria. ¿ Es necesaria la cesarea de rutina en embarazos gemelares con presentaciones de vertice-pelvis y vertice-transversa ? La relacion del grado placentario, madurez pulmonar fetal y resultados neonatales con embarazos normales y complicados La relacion entre el aborto inducido y espontaneo y la ocurrencia de aborto de segundo trimestre en embarazos subsecuentes
Melatonin Promotes Seed Germination Under Salt Stress by Regulating ABA and GA3 in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)
Authors: Chen Li , Lu Bin , Liu Liantao , Duan Wenjing , Jiang Dan , Li Jin , Zhang Ke , Sun Hongchun , Zhang Yongjiang , Li Cundong , Bai Zhiying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Although previous studies have found that melatonin can promote seed germination, the phytohormone regulation mechanism by which exogenous melatonin mediates salt tolerance during cotton seed germination is still largely unknown. We investigated the effect of melatonin on the germination traits and physiological parameters of GXM9 cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under three salt stress treatments (CK, germination of seeds pretreated with water alone; S, germination of seeds pretreated in 150 mM NaCl under salt stress; SM, germination of seeds pretreated in 20 µM melatonin under 150 mM NaCl solution) in the laboratory.Results: We found that salt stress (150 mM) inhibited cotton seed germination and endogenous melatonin accumulation, and pretreatment with 20 µM exogenous melatonin enhanced the cotton germination rate and hypocotyl length as well as the content of endogenous melatonin during seed germination. This suggests that exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination from a morphological perspective. The contents of starch, α-amylase (EC3.3.1.1), β-galactosidase (EC3.2.1.23), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellin (GA) were determined simultaneously. The results showed that the α-amylase and β-galactosidase contents in the cotton seeds decreased by 56.97% and 20.18%, respectively, under salt stress compared with the control, while the starch content increased by 11.53% compared with the control at day 7. The ABA content increased by 25.18% and GA content decreased by 27.99% under salt stress compared with the control at 24 h. When exogenous melatonin was applied to the cotton seeds, the content of α-amylase and β-galactosidase increased by 121.77% and 32.76%, respectively, whereas the starch contents decreased by 13.55% compared with the S treatment at day 7. Similarly, the ABA content increased by 12.20% and the GA content increased by 4.77% at 24 h. To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which melatonin promotes seed germination under salt stress, the effects of ABA- and GA-related genes on plant hormone signal transduction were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and RNA sequencing. The results indicated that melatonin regulated the expression of ABA and GA genes in the plant signal transduction pathway, induced embryo root development and seed germination, and alleviated dormancy. We found that the expression of the ABA signaling gene GhABF2 was up-regulated and GhDPBF2 was down-regulated, and the expression of GA signaling genes (e.g., GhGID1C and GhGID1B) was up-regulated by melatonin.Conclusions: We discovered that melatonin enhances salt tolerance in cotton seeds by regulating ABA and GA and by mediating the expression of hormone-related genes in plant hormone signal transduction. This should help us to explore the regulatory mechanisms of cotton resistance and provide a foundation for the cultivation of new varieties.
Osteopontin/Secreted Phosphoprotein-1 Behaves as a Molecular Brake Regulating the Brain Translocator Protein-Dependent Neuroinflammatory Response to Chronic Viral Infection
Authors: Mahmud Farina J , Du Yong , Greif Elizabeth , Boucher Thomas , Dannals Robert F , Mathews William B , Pomper Martin G , Sysa-Shah Polina , Pate Kelly A Metcalf , Lyons Claire , Carlson Bess , Chacona Maria , Brown Amanda M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Osteopontin (OPN) as a secreted signaling protein, is dramatically induced in response to cellular injury and neurodegeneration. Microglial inflammatory responses in the brain are tightly associated with the neuropathologic hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease, but understanding of the molecular mechanisms remains in several contexts, poorly understood.
Methods

Positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging using radioligands to detect increased expression of the translocator protein (TSPO) receptor in the brain, is a non-invasive tool used to track neuroinflammation in living mammals.
Results

In humanized, chronically HIV-infected mice in which OPN expression was knocked down with functional aptamers, uptake of TSPO radioligand, DPA-713 was markedly upregulated in the hippocampus, cortex, olfactory bulb, cerebellum and significantly increased in other key brain regions analyzed compared to controls. TSPO+ microglia were detected by immunolabeling of post-mortem brain tissue, thus validating the neuroimaging findings. Unexpectedly, two types of neurons also selectively stained positively for TSPO. The reactive cells were the specialized neurons of the cerebellum, Purkinje cells, and a subset of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons of the substantia nigra. Two-way ANOVA of immunoreactivity revealed that a well-validated marker of microglial activation in brain tissue, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) was significantly increased, in an interaction that depended on HIV replication. Interestingly, similar analyses of TSPO immunoreactivity showed a significant interaction with OPN expression.
Conclusions

Collectively, these findings using a model of chronic HIV-infection revealed for the first time two key findings: 1) two different pathways of neuroinflammation are activated, and 2) osteopontin acts as a molecular brake regulating in the brain, the inflammatory response to HIV infection.
Design and Development of a Mobile App Framework to Facilitate Breast Cancer-Preventive Behaviors (m-BCPB) in the At-Risk Women: Qualitative Study
Authors: Taymoori Parvaneh , Khazaee-Pool Maryam , Pashaei Tahereh , Ponnet Koen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Smartphone apps are becoming a gradually universal template for an offering of preventive behavior interventions among women who are at risk of getting breast cancer. Although, only limited methodological procedures on mixing model, document, and qualitative study for their developments are presented. Thus, this study was aimed to design and develop a model-based, document-driven, and user-centered mobile app framework to facilitate breast cancer preventive behaviors targeting at-risk women. Methods The present study explains how intervention progress may be enriched with a theoretic foundation, literature review, and qualitative research. A semi-structural individual interview and focus group dissection (FGD) were accomplished to combine the user’s participation in the development. Participants were employed using a purposing sampling method. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded by applying the software MAXQDA. The thematic analysis method was employed for developing themes and sub-themes. Results The ASSISTS model, self-regulation model, and the self-control model were chosen to design the app framework. Data from the literature review presented the most influential document for the designing of the programs. Nineteen women were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview and FGDs. The following five main themes revealed: content, interactive performance, template, extended action and output, and motivational nature. Mobile apps are a useful tool for learning self-care tips, suitable and healthy lifestyles, and stress management, due to their user-friendly and easy feature. The mobile app framework that developed in the present study includes culture-appropriate, user-centered, and reliable content. The mobile app design should include beautiful, visualized features, and interactive multimedia. Conclusions By applying three phases way combining a model basis, the document from the literature review, and qualitative study from the target group can be held as a pattern for the prospective app design.