bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Nonlinear Rotating Non-Newtonian Jets With Ambient Flows
Authors: Riahi Daniel N. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We consider the problem of nonlinear rotating non-Newtonian jets in the presence of ambient flows. Using the original governing system of equations for such jet flows, we use scaling and perturbation techniques to reduce such system to a simplified one where the stress tensor is governed by Giesekus constitutive equations. We develop a method to take into account the effect of the ambient flow, which usually exists due to the externally imposed rotational constraint, on the formation of the non-Newtonian jet. We compute numerically the nonlinear steady solutions for the jet and determine expressions for the jet quantities like speed, stretching rate, radius, strain rate, and tensile force. These quantities are calculated for different values of the parameters such as those due to the ambient flow and viscoelasticity. We find that the ambient flow is stabilizing so that the strain rate, stretching rate, speed, and tensile force decrease with increase in the ambient flow effect, while the jet radius increases with such effect. The viscoelasticity of the fiber jet reduces notably the stabilizing effect of the ambient flow on the jet quantities, but the stabilizing effect of the ambient flow increases with the arc length of the jet centerline.
Sex Differences in Quality of Life and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Truby Lauren K. , O’Connor Christopher , Fiuzat Mona , Stebbins Amanda , Coles Adrian , Patel Chetan B. , Granger Bradi , Pagidipati Neha , Agarwal Richa , Rymer Jennifer , Lowenstern Angela , Douglas Pamela S. , Tulsky James , Rogers Joseph G. , Mentz Robert J. 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Palliative care improves quality of life in patients with heart failure. Whether men and women with heart failure derive similar benefit from palliative care interventions remains unknown.

Methods:
In a secondary analysis of the PAL-HF trial (Palliative Care in Heart Failure), we analyzed differences in quality of life among men and women with heart failure and assessed for differential effects of the palliative care intervention by sex. Differences in clinical characteristics and quality-of-life metrics were compared between men and women at serial time points. The primary outcome was change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score between baseline and 24 weeks.

Results:

Among the 71 women and 79 men, there was a significant difference in baseline Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (24.5 versus 36.2, respectively;
P
=0.04) but not Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative Care scale (115.7 versus 120.3;
P
=0.27) scores. Among those who received the palliative care intervention (33 women and 42 men), women’s quality-of-life score remained lower than that of men after enrollment. Treated men’s scores were significantly higher than those untreated (6-month Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, 68.0 [interquartile range, 52.6–85.7] versus 41.1[interquartile range, 32.0–78.3];
P
=0.047), whereas the difference between treated and untreated women was not significantly different (
P
=0.39). Rates of death and rehospitalization, as well as the composite end point, were similar between treated and untreated women and men.

Conclusions:
In the PAL-HF trial, women with heart failure experienced a greater symptom burden and poorer quality of life as compared with men. The change in treated men’s Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score between baseline and 24 weeks was significantly higher than those untreated; this trend was not observed in women. Thus, there may be a sex disparity in response to palliative care intervention, suggesting that sex-specific approaches to palliative care may be needed to improve outcomes.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT0158960.
Statin and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Sheng Lina , Liu Liwen , Hu Yongtao , Chen Yongxin , Lou Lianqing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Statin may confer anticancer effect. However, the association between statin and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection remains inconsistent according to results of previous studies. A meta-analysis was performed to summarize current evidence.

Methods
Related follow-up studies were obtained by systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane’s Library, and Embase databases. A random-effect model was used to for the meta-analysis. Stratified analyses were performed to evaluate the influences of study characteristics on the outcome.

Results
Thirteen studies with 519,707 patients were included. Statin use was associated with reduced risk of HCC in these patients (risk ratio [RR]: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.66, p < 0.001; I2 = 86%). Stratified analyses showed that the association between statin use and reduced HCC risk was consistent in patients with HBV or HCV infection, in elder (≥ 50 years) or younger (< 50 years) patients, in males or females, in diabetic or non-diabetic, and in those with or without cirrhosis (all p < 0.05). Moreover, lipophilic statins was associated with a reduced HCC risk (RR: 0.52, p < 0.001), but not for hydrophilic statins (RR: 0.89, p = 0.21). The association was more remarkable in patients with highest statin accumulative dose compared to those with lowest accumulative dose (p = 0.002).

Conclusions
Satin use was independently associated with a reduced risk of HCC in patients with HBV or HCV infection.
Impact of superimposed nephrological care to guidelines-directed management by primary care physicians of patients with stable chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Saudan Patrick , Ponte Belen , Marangon Nicola , Martinez Chantal , Berchtold Lena , Jaques David , Ernandez Thomas , de Seigneux Sophie , Carballo Sebastian , Perneger Thomas , Martin Pierre-Yves 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Optimal clinical care of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaboration between primary care physicians (PCPs) and nephrologists. We undertook a randomised trial to determine the impact of superimposed nephrologist care compared to guidelines-directed management by PCPs in CKD patients after hospital discharge.

Methods
Stage 3b-4 CKD patients were enrolled during a hospitalization and randomised in two arms: Co-management by PCPs and nephrologists (interventional arm) versus management by PCPs with written instructions and consultations by nephrologists on demand (standard care). Our primary outcome was death or rehospitalisation within the 2 years post-randomisation. Secondary outcomes were: urgent renal replacement therapy (RRT), decline of renal function and decrease of quality of life at 2 years.

Results
From November 2009 to the end of June 2013, we randomised 242 patients. Mean follow-up was 51 + 20 months. Survival without rehospitalisation, GFR decline and elective dialysis initiation did not differ between the two arms. Quality of life was also similar in both groups. Compared to randomised patients, those who either declined to participate in the study or were previously known by nephrologists had a worse survival.

Conclusion
These results do not demonstrate a benefit of a regular renal care compared to guided PCPs care in terms of survival or dialysis initiation in CKD patients. Increased awareness of renal disease management among PCPs may be as effective as a co-management by PCPs and nephrologists in order to improve the prognosis of moderate-to-severe CKD.

Trial registration
This study was registered on June 29, 2009 in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00929760) and adheres to CONSORT 2010 guidelines.
Ambiguous belonging: Media practices among Syrians in Denmark
Authors: Yonus Zenia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article presents two prevailing media orientations among Syrian migrants in Denmark. The purpose is to show how Syrians relate to, and evaluate, mediated content, and how it relates to political action. The orientations are dyadic, and represent both news about the conflict in Syria, as well as Danish politics – migration policies in particular. The first is the ambivalent-localizing orientation that mirrors the twofold orientation towards both Danish and Syrian political events; and the second is the informed-obliterate, in which Syrians choose to drop out of media content about Syria due to mental health issues, or fear for their families still in Syria. The study shows how media practices among diasporic Syrians in Denmark are multidimensional, and puts forward the complexities of identity processes between here and there, between political activism and demobilization, and between gratitude for being safe and never feeling safe. The argument is that, these multi-local processes involve multiple interdependent factors, diverse encounters, as well as a variety of struggles in belonging. Syrians consequently lack agency as well as social, media and political recognition.
RANCANGAN DISTRIBUSI LPG 3 KG BERDASARKAN KEBIJAKAN DISTRIBUSI SISTEM TERTUTUP DI WILAYAH PEMASARAN KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Nurbani Sofiani Nalwin 
Published: April 2020

Pada tahun 2007 Pemerintah mulai melakukan konversi dari minyak tanah ke LPG 3 kg. Untuk mengatasi kelangkaan LPG 3 kg, Pertamina dan Pemerintah mulai melakukan perbaikan yang salah satunya adalah merubah sistem distribusi LPG 3 kg yang awalnya distribusi Sistem Terbuka menjadi distribusi Sistem Tertutup. Optimasi distribusi LPG 3kg dengan sistem terbuka dan sistem tertutup dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Transportasi dengan linear programming. Perhitungan optimasi maka perhitungan dilakukan dengan bantuan software excel Analytic Solver Platform, sehingga didapatkan bahwa Ongkos Transportasi LPG 3kg berdasarkan Sistem Terbuka sebesar Rp.8.319.765.767,07 sedangkan untuk Sistem Tertutup sebesar Rp.8.724.410.280,30. Hasil akhir pengelompokan coverage area SPPBE berdasarkan sistem tertutup adalah SPPBE 1 memiliki wilayah pemasaran sejumlah 12 Agen dengan kapasitas SPPBE yang terpakai sebesar 867.473 tabung per bulan. SPPBE 2 memiliki wilayah pemasaran sejumlah 12 Agen dengan kapasitas SPPBE 2 yang terpakai yaitu sebesar 1.053.607 tabung per bulan. SPPBE 4 memiliki wilayah pemasaran sebanyak 7 Agen dengan kapasitas yang terpakai yaitu sebesar sebesar 802.747 tabung per bulan. Penelitian secara kualitatif dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui kriteria-kriteria yang dibutuhkan dalam menentukan lokasi pendirian SPPBE baru. Perhitungan berdasarkan metode AHP dilakukan dengan software expertchoise. Hasil akhir pengukuran metode AHP diperoleh bahwa alternatif lokasi yang memiliki prioritas tertinggi adalah wilayah Kecamatan Gedebage.
Criterion Validity, and Interunit and Between-Day Reliability of the FLEX for Measuring Barbell Velocity During Commonly Used Resistance Training Exercises
Authors: Weakley Jonathon , Chalkley Daniel , Johnston Rich , García-Ramos Amador , Townshend Andrew , Dorrell Harry , Pearson Madison , Morrison Matthew , Cole Michael 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Weakley, J, Chalkley, D, Johnston, R, García-Ramos, A, Townshend, A, Dorrell, H, Pearson, M, Morrison, M, and Cole, M. Criterion validity, and interunit and between-day reliability of the FLEX for measuring barbell velocity during commonly used resistance training exercises. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1519–1524, 2020—The aim of this study was to assess the criterion validity, interunit reliability (accounting for technological and biological variance), and between-day reliability of a novel optic laser device (FLEX) for quantifying mean concentric velocity. To assess the validity against a three-dimensional motion capture system and interunit reliability with both technological and biological variation, 18 men and women completed repetitions at 20, 40, 60, 80, 90, and 100% of one repetition maximum in the free-weight barbell back squat and bench press. To assess interunit (technological only) reliability, a purpose-built, calibrated rig completed a set protocol with 2 devices. To assess between-day reliability of the technology, the same protocol was repeated 21 days later. Standardized bias, typical error of the estimate (TEE; %), and Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) were used to assess validity, whereas typical error and coefficient of variation (CV%) were calculated for reliability. Overall, TEE (±90 CL) between the FLEX and criterion measure was 0.03 (±0.004) and 0.04 (±0.005) m·s−1 in the back squat and bench press, respectively. For measures of reliability, overall interunit technological variance (CV% [± 90% confidence interval]) was 3.96% (3.83–4.12) but increased to 9.82% (9.31–10.41) and 9.83% (9.17–10.61) in the back squat and bench press, respectively, when biological variance was introduced. Finally, the overall between-day reliability was 3.77% (3.63–3.91). These findings demonstrate that the FLEX provides valid and reliable mean concentric velocity outputs across a range of velocities. Thus, practitioners can confidently implement this device for the monitoring and prescription of resistance training loads.
Pendeteksian petanda kepuncaan glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Yohana Yohana 
Published: April 2020

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) adalah tumor otak ganas yang memiliki populasi sel punca kanker yang dapat mempertahankan formasi tumor. Peranan sel punca kanker telah banyak dipelajari yang memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap resistensi dan rekurensi terapi GBM seperti radiasi dan kemoterapi. Beberapa petanda kepuncaan dapat dipakai diantaranya CD133, Nestin, A2B5, CD44, SOX2 and OCT4. Pemeriksaan histopatologi terhadap jaringan tumor yang dioperasi menjadi standar baku untuk menentukan derajat, tingkat keganasan, dan prognosis keganasan. Namun di sisi lain, kehadiran populasi sel punca yang memiliki sifat mampu memperbaharui diri dan mampu menginduksi pembentukan tumor memerlukan pemeriksaan yang lebih mendalam mengenai karakteristik biologi sel tumor. Pemeriksaan sel punca dilakukan menggunakan flowcytometry dan imunohistokimia.
Pemeriksaan petanda kepuncaan glioblastoma dilakukan dengan quantitative Reverse Transcriptase Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), Enzyme Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (ELISA), Western Blot, Imunohistokimia dan flowcytometry. Petanda CD133 ditemukan ekspresinya meningkat pada berbagai pemeriksaan. CD133 digunakan sebagai prognostik GBM.
Professional Stability…What You Can Do To Survive
Authors: Clementz David M. 
Published: April 2020

Published in Oil & Gas Executive, Volume 1, Number 2, 1998, pages 34-39.
Our industry is, and has been, in turbulent times. When we talk of turbulence, we generally are referring to the downside of the peak in industry employment that followed the collapse of oil prices (Fig. 1). During 1982-92, the upstream oil and gas sector lost more than 50%of the jobs that were created in the preceding 10 years. For me, however, it was equally turbulent on the front side of the peak.
I was hired into Chevron's La Habra, California, laboratory in 1973, the first hire after nearly 4 years of a hiring freeze. The boom, related to the rise in oil prices, followed almost immediately. I worked in an exploratory research group that was looking for new ways to recover oil from old reservoirs. We had lots of wild ideas, and money for equipment and new laboratories was abundant. I then worked as a petroleum engineer in the Los Angeles basin doing million-dollar workovers to rejuvenate old wells. The rates of return were often more than 50%, and payout periods were less than 6 months. We had very clear guidance from senior corporate management: if we didn't spend our entire budget, they would find people who could. It was a time of double-digit pay raises - sometimes at 6-month intervals - and even "special" incentive payments. Oil was forecasted to be U.S. $50/bbl in a few years.
Before 1982, turbulence was created by too few resources chasing too many opportunities. After 1982, turbulence was created by the opposite condition - too many resources chasing too few opportunities. This led to excessive costs, which meant jobs had to be eliminated. Fig. 2 illustrates how severely the oil price collapse affected jobs in a number of industries during the 10 years following the peak, with the most severe effects in the oil and gas industry. It is particularly instructive to look at employment in the Fortune 100 oil and gas companies during the last 25 years (Table 1). In 1973, 14 oil and gas companies were in the Fortune 100 and accounted for nearly 700,000 jobs. Of those companies, 11 were in the top 50.
Corporate Risk Taking In the E&P Industry
Authors: Walls Michael R. 
Published: April 2020

Published in Oil & Gas Executive Report, Volume 2, Number 2, 1999, pages 42-48.
E&P managers encounter a diverse and complex set of risky investment opportunities. As a result, risk-management decisions associated with E&P capital allocation are among the most conceptually difficult decisions to make. Because of this, managers are motivated to identify and to implement an appropriate risk policy - one that will help them sustain or improve their company's level of financial performance.
Managing risk in the petroleum E&P setting is a complex and critical task, with immediate and lasting effects on company performance. In today's environment of low oil prices, risk management is critical to the task of high, grading assets and investments. Although capital allocation is a primary driver of E&P success and managers face continued pressures to meet analyst expectations, companies are capital constrained. Success in this environment comes from evaluating all opportunities more effectively. An effective management approach includes articulating a risk management strategy that is consistent with a firm's willingness to take financial risk and acting on that strategy. Confronting the strategic issues of setting a risk policy and evaluating its effect on business-unit performance can lead to more effective decision making and improved positioning in a dynamic industry environment.
The increased use of more sophisticated tools - sensitivity analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, influence diagrams, decision-tree modeling, and the newer option-pricing theory - to model uncertainty and to value risky projects demonstrates the growing importance of risk management. This suggests that decision makers prefer to be consistent in their evaluation practices and to act consistently in their risk taking. However, complexities regarding investment risk and the willingness to take such risks often prevent a company from acting consistently. Moreover, in spite of advances in risk management techniques, little is known about the relationship between a company's willingness to take on financial risk and its performance. Identifying and acting on an appropriate corporate risk policy can go a long way toward improving the strategic decision making process.
The results of a recent industry study provide a better understanding of the implications of different levels of risk-taking behavior. The study extends earlier work that used a decision-analysis framework to measure implied risk propensities of U.S.-based oil companies during 1981-90 ("Risk Propensity and Firm Performance: A Study of the Petroleum Exploration Industry," Management Science, July 1996). The later study, which includes 40 of the top U.S.-based oil companies, extends the analysis through 1995 and reveals some important implications associated with setting an appropriate risk policy.
College Students Responding to the Chinese version of Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale Show Deficiencies in Their Awareness: A cross-sectional survey in Hunan, China
Authors: Zhou Yanhui , Luo Yang , Wang Ting , Cui Yanhui , Chen Mingzhu , Fu Jingxia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Fertility knowledge is vital to the fertility health of young people and greatly impacts their fertility choices. Delayed childbearing has been increasing in high-income countries, accompanied by the risk of involuntary childlessness or having fewer children than desired. The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge about fertility issues, the related influencing factors, the method of acquiring fertility knowledge, and the relationship between fertility knowledge and fertility intentions among college students. Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of Chinese college students was conducted in Hunan Province from March to April 2018. A total of 867 college students from three comprehensive universities responded to a poster invitation utilizing the Chinese version of the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale (CFKS-C). Data were explored and analysed by SPSS (version 22.0) software. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, T-tests, and Pearson’s correlations were used for the measurements. Results: The average percent-correct score on the CFKS-C was 49.9% (SD=20.8), with greater knowledge significantly related to living in a city district, being not single status, majoring in medicine, being in year 4 or above of study, and intention to have children (all p＜0.05). A total of 81.9% of the participants reported that they would like to have children, the average score of the importance of childbearing was 6.3 (SD=2.7), and the female score was lower than the male score (p=0.001). A small positive relationship was observed between the CFKS-C and the importance of childbearing (r=0.074, p=0.035). Respondents indicated that they gained most of their knowledge from the media and internet (41.4%) and from schools (38.2%). Conclusion: Yong people in college have a modest level of fertility knowledge, a relatively low intention to have a child, and deficiencies in fertility health education. There is a need to improve the accessibility of fertility health services by developing a scientific and reliable fertility health promotion strategy.