bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of depression and child maltreatments among Indonesian adolescents
Authors: Dhamayanti Meita , Noviandhari Anindita , Masdiani Nina , Pandia Veranita , Sekarwana Nanan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Depression is one of the most prevalent emotional mental health problem among adolescents. Mental health problem might be contributed by child maltreatment. Prevalence of mental health problem and maltreatment among adolescent in Indonesia are increasing. This study aims at determining association between depression and history of maltreatment among adolescent Methods The analytic cross-sectional study was conducted to 786 junior high school students of Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. Subject was selected by using two stage clustered method. The questionnaire of Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST) were used to assess depression and history of maltreatment respectively. Depression confirmation was diagnosed by psychiatry based on scored positive in CDI. Data were analyzed using chi-square and multiple regression test. Results History of child maltreatment is associated with depressive disorders in adolescents (p = 0.03). All dimension of child maltreatment had significant association with depression (p <0.05). Psychological violence was the highest risk factor for the occurrence of depressive disorders (PR = 6.51), followed by violence exposure and physical violence. Sexual violence was not a common dimension of child maltreatment experienced by students. The history of psychological violence has the strongest association with depression, which three times more likely to have depression (POR = 3.302, p = 0.004) Conclusion The study showed association between a history of child maltreatment and depression in adolescents.
Endovascular treatment of ruptured aneurysms in anterior cerebral circulation with double microcatheter technique
Authors: Zhao Xintong , Liu Jiaqiang , Wang Huifang , Zhang Zihuan , Li Zhenbao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose Single coiling may be the optimal strategy for ruptured aneurysms. But assisted techniques may be needed in some aneurysms. The authors report their experience of double microcatheter technique in the treatment of ruptured aneurysms in anterior cerebral circulation. Methods Between 2012 and 2018, 82 patients with ruptured aneurysms in anterior cerebral circulation were treated with double microcatheter technique. The clinical records, angiographic results, procedure-related complications were reviewed. Clinical and angiographic follow-up was performed. Results Completely occlusion, neck remnant and partial occlusion were achieved in 56.6%, 36.1% and 7.2% in the whole procedures, respectively. The overall rate of morbidity was 8.5% (7/82). The rate of permanent morbidity was 3.7% (3/82). Three patients (3.7%) died before discharge. There was no procedure-related mortality. The favorable outcomes were obtained in 75.6% (62/82) of the whole patients at discharge. High Hunt-Hess grade and suffering from craniotomy or EVD were risk factors for clinical outcomes at discharge. Sixty-eight patients received clinical follow-up at a mean interval of 15.75±12.71 months. Favorable outcomes were obtained in 61 (89.7%) patients. Angiographic follow-up was performed in 44 patients at an average of 13.16±13.12 months. The recurrence rate is 34.1%. Seven of them (15.9%) received retreatment. Conclusion Double microcatheter technique is a safe and effective method for treatment of ruptured aneurysms in anterior cerebral aneurysms with low morbidity. Recurrence remains a problem. Patients should be followed up regularly.
Tongue microbiome of smokeless tobacco users
Authors: Halboub Esam , Alakhali Mohammed , Al-Amir Abdulwahhab H. , Homeida Husham E. , Baraniya Divyashri , Chen Tsute , Al-hebshi Nezar Noor 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The possibility that smokeless tobacco may contribute to oral carcinogenesis by influencing the oral microbiome has not been explored. This cross sectional study sought to assess the effect of using shammah, a form of smokeless tobacco prevalent in Arabia, on the tongue microbiome. Tongue scarping samples were obtained from twenty-nine shammah users (SU; 27.34±6.9 years) and 23 shammah non-users (SNU; 27.7±7.19 years) and analyzed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V1-V3). Species-level taxonomy assignment of the high-quality, merged reads was obtained using a previously described BLASTn-based algorithm. Downstream analyses were performed with QIIME, LEfSe, and R. Results A total of 178 species, belonging to 62 genera and 8 phyla were identified. Genera Streptococcus , Leptotrichia , Actinomyces , Veillonella , Haemophilus , Prevotella and Neisseria accounted for more than 60% of the average microbiome. There were no differences between the two groups in species richness and alpha-diversity, but PCoA showed significant separation (P=0.015, ANOSIM). LEfSe analysis identified 22 species to be differentially abundant between the SU and SNU. However, only 7 species maintained a false discovery rate of ≤ 0.2 and could cluster the two groups separately: Rothia mucilaginosa , Streptococcus sp. oral taxon 66, Actinomyces meyeri , Streptococcus vestibularis Streptococcus sanguinis and a potentially novel Veillonella species in association with SU, and Oribacterium asaccharolyticum with SNU. Conclusion Shammah use induces tongue microbiome changes that may be relevant to oral carcinogenesis, namely enrichment of species with high acetaldehyde production potential, which warrants further investigation.
Oral lactobacilli reduce cytotoxicity and cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans subtypes in vitro.
Authors: Pahumunto Nuntiya , Basic Amina , Östberg Anna-Karin , Teanpaisan Rawee , Dahlen Gunnar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the effect of oral lactobacilli on the cytotoxicity and cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) when exposed to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans subtypes in vitro. The supernatants and cell wall extracts (CWEs) of eight A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, representing different subtypes, and three Lactobacillus strains were used. The PBMC cells from six blood donors were exposed to supernatants and CWEs of A. actinomycetemcomitans or Lactobacillus strains alone or combinations and untreated cells as control. The cytotoxicity was determined by trypan blue exclusion-method and IL-1β secretion by ELISA. TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 secretions were measured using Bioplex Multiplex Immunoassay. Results: Supernatants or CWEs from all bacterial strains showed cytotoxicity and IL-1β secretion and the subtypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans showed generally a significantly higher effect on PBMC´s than that of the Lactobacillus strains. Two highly toxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains (JP2 and JP2-like) induced a higher response than all other strains. Two non-serotypable strains (NS1 and NS2) showed a weaker although significant effect than other A. actinomycetemcomitans or Lactobacillus strains tested. CWEs showed generally a higher effect on PBMC´s than the supernatants. When combined, Lactobacillus significantly reduced the toxicity and IL-1β secretion induced by A. acinomycetemcomitans. The effect varied between the subtypes and the reduction was highest for the JP2 and JP2-like strains. The Lactobacillus paracasei strain SD1 had a higher reducing effect that the other Lactobacillus strains. This strain had a consistent reducing effect on all subtypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans cytotoxicity, and release of IL-1β and TNF-α from PBMC´s of the blood donors. A strong and significant variation in cytokine release between the 6 blood donors was noticed. Conclusions: Lactobacillus spp and L. paracasei strain SD1 in particular, showed a significant reducing interaction with A. actinomycetemcomitans toxicity and release of cytokines in vitro.
Identification of active small-molecule modulators targeting the novel immune checkpoint VISTA
Authors: Li Ting-ting , Jiang Jing-wei , Qie Chenxin , Xuan Chun-xiao , Hu Xin-lei , Liu Wan-mei , Chen Wen-ting , Liu Jun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer immunotherapy has gained increasing popularity as a novel approach to treat cancer. A member of the B7 family, V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) is a novel immune checkpoint that regulates a broad spectrum of immune responses. VISTA is an acidic pH-selective ligand for P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1(PSGL-1). CA-170, a first-in-class small-molecule dual antagonist of VISTA/PD-L1, was collaboratively developed by Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited and Curis, Inc. It is currently in Phase I clinical trial.Results: In this study, we develop homology modeling for the VISTA 3D structure and subsequent virtual screening for VISTA small-molecule hit ligands. Visualization of the binding postures of docked ligands with the VISTA protein indicates that some small molecular compounds target VISTA. The ability of antagonist to disrupt immune checkpoint VISTA pathways was investigated though functional studies in vitro.Conclusions: Affinity active molecule for VISTA was obtained through virtual screening, and the antagonist compound activity to VISTA was assayed in cellular level. We reported a small molecule with high VISTA affinity as antagonist , providing ideas for development VISTA-targeted small molecule compound in cancer immunotherapy.
High serum IgA and proportion of activated Th17 and Treg predict efficacy of abatacept in patients with early, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Inamo Jun , Kaneko Yuko , Kikuchi Jun , Takeuchi Tsutomu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background To identify the predictive biomarkers for achieving remission with abatacept in patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods We enrolled patients with RA who were treated with abatacept. We compared the baseline laboratory results and longitudinal immune-phenotyping data between patients who achieved remission and those who did not achieve remission at 6 months according to the clinical disease activity index. Results One hundred and twenty RA patients were enrolled. In the seropositive patients with early RA, high serum IgA levels, anti-CCP titers and neutrophil counts before treatment were predictors of remission (area under the curve [AUC], 0.659, 0.741, and 0.704, respectively). Additionally, activated Th17 (aTh17) cells and activated Treg (aTreg) cells before treatment were found to be significantly higher in patients with remission compared to those without remission (2.9% vs 1.1%, P = 0.02; 34.3% vs 17%, P = 0.03, respectively). The measurement of longitudinal cell subpopulation revealed a decrease in the effector CD4 T cell population after abatacept treatment, which correlated with anti-CCP titers and neutrophil counts, and was associated with remission achievement. In seropositive patients with established RA, high RF titers and low IFN-γ levels may be possible biomarkers for remission. Conclusion Our study has shown that serum IgA levels, anti-CCP titer and neutrophil counts are predictive biomarkers for evaluating the response to abatacept in patients with seropositive and early RA, and may reflect the inhibition of effector CD4 T cell subpopulations by abatacept.
Performance of Ultrasound in the Clinical Evaluation of Gout and Hyperuricemia
Authors: Cao Ling , Zhao Tianyi , Xie Chunmei , Zheng Shucong , Wan Weiguo , Zou Hejian , Zhu Xiaoxia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective Evaluation of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition and related lesion in joints using ultrasound in gout and hyperuricemia patients. Methods Total 202 gout patients and 43 asymptomatic hyperuricemia patients were included, the clinical data and ultrasounic assessment results were collected and statistically analyzed. Results Deposition of MSU crystals were found in 25.58% (11/43) of the patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and 76.24% (154/202) of the patients with gout. In the all examined 1082 joints from gout patients, 33.09% (358/1082) of them were detected MSU crystals. In MSU crystal positive joints, 77.37% (277/358) of them had history of attacks. Among the joints of gouty arthritis, 56.88% (277/487) of them were found MSU crystals. Double contour sign (DCS), hyperechoic aggregate (HAG) and Tophi were found in 32.65% (159/487), 7.80% (38/487) and 24.64% (120/487) of the joints, respectively. DCS and Tophi, but not HAG, appeared inceasingly in gout duration extension. In the patients with more than 15 years of gout history, DCS, Tophi and HAG were found in 48.18%, 40.00%, 6.36% of US assessed joints, respectively. In the gout patients, synovial lesion and bone erosion were found in 17.74% (192/1082) and 7.58% (82/1082) of joints, respectively. Synovial lesion was related with HAG, while bone erosion was related to tophi and DCS. Conclusion HAG is the early sign of MSU crystal deposition in joints. Early urate lowering therapy (ULT) may reduce HAG and ameliorate synovitis and synovial hypertrophy. DCS and tophi are the risk factors of bone erosion. Early ULT should be considered in the gout patients with DCS or tophi.
Robust clutter suppression in heterogeneous environments based on multi frames and similarities
Authors: Wu Yifeng , Cheng Yufeng , Tang Jun , Duan Jia , Deng Xiaobo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A method of robust clutter suppression with space time adaptive processing (STAP) for airborne radar in heterogeneous environments is proposed, which is based on multi frames and the similarity between the cell under test and each training sample. The proposed method deals with the problem of covariance matrix estimation for radar signal processing, and it provides a solution to overcome the performance degradation of STAP in heterogeneous environments and training samples limitation. Firstly, the method expands the set of training samples by selecting training frames from past frames. Secondly, initial training samples are selected from the expended training samples set, which is composed by the samples of current frame and past frames. Thirdly, general inner product method is adopted to discard heterogeneous samples. Fourthly, the similarities between the cell under test and the remaining training samples are estimated, and training samples which are more similar with the cell under test take higher weight in the estimation of clutter covariance matrix. The accuracy of the estimated clutter character is improved significantly, and thus the performance of clutter suppression is improved. Experimental results based on measured data demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.
Association of anthropomorphic measures across the life-course with refractive error and ocular biometry at age 15 years
Authors: Bruce Alison , Santorelli Gillian , Mojarrad Neema 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: A recent Genome-wide association meta-analysis (GWAS) of refractive error reported shared genetics with anthropometric traits such as height, BMI and obesity. To explore a potential relationship with refractive error and ocular structure we performed a life-course analysis including both maternal and child characteristics using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort. Methods: Measures collected across the life-course were analysed to explore the association of height, weight, and BMI with refractive error and ocular biometric measures at age 15 years from 1613children. The outcome measures were the mean spherical equivalent (MSE) of refractive error (dioptres), axial length (AXL; mm), and radius of corneal curvature (RCC; mm). Potential confounding variables; maternal age at conception, maternal education level, parental socio-economic status, gestational age, breast-feeding, and gender were adjusted for within each multi-variable model. Results: Maternal height was positively associated with teenage AXL (0.010 mm; 95% CI: 0.003, 0.017) and RCC (0.005 mm; 95% CI: 0.003, 0.007), increased maternal weight was positively associated with AXL (0.004 mm; 95% CI: 0.0001, 0.008). Birth length was associated with an increase in teenage AXL (0.067 mm; 95% CI: 0.032, 0.10) and flatter RCC (0.023 mm; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.034) and increasing birth weight was associated with flatter RCC (0.005 mm; 95% CI: 0.0003, 0.009). An increase in teenage height was associated with a lower MSE (-0.007 D; 95% CI: -0.013, -0.001), an increase in AXL (0.021 mm; 95% CI: 0.015, 0.028) and flatter RCC (0.008 mm; 95% CI: 0.006, 0.010). Weight at 15 years was associated with an increase in AXL (0.005 mm; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.009). Conclusions: At each life stage (pre-natal, birth, and teenage) height and weight, but not BMI, demonstrate an association with AXL and RCC measured at age 15 years. However, the negative association between refractive error and an increase in height was only present at the teenage life stage. Further research into the growth pattern of ocular structures and the development of refractive error over the life-course is required, particularly at the time of puberty.
Comparison of ocular biometry profiles in urban and rural cataract candidates in eastern China
Authors: Liu Hui , Xu Zequan , Qian Zhuyun , Wei Kunqiao , Liang Jianheng , Chen Xu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To compare ocular biometric parameters between urban and rural cataract patients in Shanghai, China.Methods: A study of ocular biometry records from urban and rural hospitals was performed for cataract patients at least 50 years of age. The ocular biometrical parameters, which were measured with partial coherence laser interferometry (IOL Master, Zeiss), were axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), radius of corneal curvature (K, including steep/flat/average K), astigmatism and axis. Only the right eye record of each patient was analysed.Results: Ocular biometric data included 2839 urban patients (73.15 ± 9.54 years) and 2646 rural patients (73.64 ± 7.32 years). Mean AL, ACD and K were 24.35 ± 2.34 mm, 3.14 ± 0.58 mm, and 44.38 ± 1.52 D, respectively, in urban patients and 23.58 ± 1.70 mm, 3.08 ± 0.57 mm, 44.53 ± 1.50 D, respectively, in rural patients. The urban subjects had significantly longer axial lengths and deeper ACDs than rural subjects (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in steep K, flat K and average K between the two groups. A total of 49.71% patients exhibited against-the-rule (ART) astigmatism, and there was a significant difference in the number of patients who exhibited with-the-rule (WRT) astigmatism (32.58%) and oblique astigmatism (17.71%).Conclusions: We report biometry and astigmatism data in a large cohort of urban and rural subjects for the first time. In our study, a short AL, shallow ACD and axis turned in an ATR direction had higher prevalence rates in the rural subjects. This profile of ocular biometric data and corneal astigmatism will be helpful in planning for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations and astigmatism correction in subjects in different locations.
Increased dose primary thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, a single centre cohort study
Authors: Maraveyas Anthony , Haque Farzana , Muazzam Iqtedar Ahmed , Il Waqas MD , Bozas George 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAdvanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (aPDAC) patients have a lifetime all type thromboembolic event (ATTE) rate of 25- 35%. Efficacy and safety of increased dose primary thromboprophylaxis (IDPTP) with low molecular heparin (LMWH) given for 3 months has been shown in two prospective randomized trials.ObjectivesTo report on efficacy -reduction of all type thromboembolic events (ATTE)-, safety -incidence of Major Bleeding (MB)- and compliance in a single-centre cohort of receiving first line chemotherapy and LMWH-IDPTP.MethodsFrom May 2009 to October 2016, eighty two patients received IDPTP –LMWH with dalteparin. Schedule: 55kg and below: 7500 IU, between 55 and 80kg: 10,000 IU, above 80kg: 12,500 IU. MB is reported using the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) criteria. ATTE was defined as any arterial or venous event, incidental or clinically symptomatic, including visceral VTE.ResultsMean and median time on dalteparin was 10.2 (95%CI 8.1, 12.4) and 8.0 (95%CI 6.2, 9.7) months respectively. ATTE was observed in 7 (8.5%) of patients, with a mean time on IDPTP of 6.8 months (95% CI 3.5-10.2). MB was seen in 10 (12.2%) patients with a mean time on IDPTP of 7.4 months (95% CI 3.9-10.9). Six major bleeds (60%) were the direct or indirect result of aPDAC. Eighty-one patients had died at the time of data collection with a median overall survival time of 8.7 months (95%CI 6.4, 11.0). Thromboembolism and bleeding were late events. No impact of thromboembolism or bleeding on overall survival was observed. ConclusionsIDPTP-dalteparin was associated with lower ATTE occurrence rates than expected and comparable major bleeding rates. ATTE and MB were late events, the majority of MB was from direct or indirect result of locally progressing aPDAC. Since these conditions can frequently arise in aPDAC, IDPTP should be regularly reviewed beyond 3 months.
Impact Of Surgical Technique And Analgesia On Clinical Outcomes After Lung Transplantation
Authors: Gimenez-Milà Marc , Videla Sebastián , Pallares Natalia , Sabate Antoni , Parmar Jasvir , Catarino Pedro , Tosh Will , Rafiq Muhammad Umar , Nalpon Jacinta , Valchanov Kamen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung transplantation is the ultimate treatment for end stage lung disease. There is paucity of data on the impact of surgical incision and analgesia on clinically relevant outcomes. Methods: A single centre retrospective study was performed between July 2007 and August 2017 of patients undergoing single or double lung transplantation. Gender, age, indication for lung transplantation, and the three types of surgical access (Thoracotomy (T), Sternotomy (S) and Clamshell (C)) were used, as well as two analgesic techniques: epidural and intravenous opioids. Outcome variables of the study were: Pain scores; Postoperative hemorrhage in the first 24 hours, duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay at ICU. Results: 341 patients were identified. Thoracotomy was associated with higher pain scores than Sternotomy (OR 1.66, 95% CI: 1.01;2.74, p: 0.045) and no differences were found between Clamshell and Sternotomy incision.The median blood loss was 800 ml [IQR: 500; 1238], thoracotomy patients had 500 ml [325;818] (p < 0.001). Median duration of mechanical ventilation in Thoracotomy, Sternotomy and Clamshell groups were 19 [11; 37] hours, 34 [IQR 16; 57.5] hours and 27 [IQR 15; 50.5] hours respectively. Thoracotomy group were discharged earlier from ICU (p<0.001). Conclusions : Thoracotomy access produces less postoperative hemorrhage, duration of mechanical ventilation and lower length of stay in ICU, but higher pain scores and need for epidural analgesia.