bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of ischemic preconditioning in cardioprotective mechanisms of mCRP deposited myocardium in a rat model
Authors: Kim Eun Na , Choi Jae-Sung , Kim Chong Jai , Kim So Ra , Kim Ki-Bong , Oh Se Jin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe deposition of monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP) in the myocardium aggravates ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and myocardial infarction. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is known to protect the myocardium against IRI. We evaluated the effects of IPC on mCRP-deposited myocardium due to IRI in a rat model. Myocardial IRI was produced by ligation of the coronary artery. Direct IPC was applied before IRI using multiple short direct occlusions of the coronary artery. CRP was infused intravenously after IRI. The study groups included the following: sham (n=3), IRI only (n=5), IRI+CRP (n=9), and IPC+IRI+CRP (n=6) groups. The infarct area and area at risk were assessed using Evans blue and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (2,3,5-TTC) staining. Additionally, mCRP immunostaining and interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed. In the IRI+CRP group, the infarcted area, mCRP deposition, and IL-6 mRNA expression were higher than those in the IRI only group. However, in the IPC+IRI+CRP group, the infarction (20% vs. 34% p=0.085) and mCRP myocardial deposition (21% vs. 44%, p=0.026) were lower and IL-6 mRNA expression was higher than those in the IRI+CRP group (fold change, 407 vs. 326, p=0.808), although this was not statistically significant. IPC has cardioprotective effects against myocardial damage caused by mCRP deposition. This protective effect is related to the increase in IL-6 mRNA expression.
Nascent mutant Huntingtin exon 1 chains do not stall on ribosomes during translation but aggregates do recruit machinery involved in ribosome quality control
Authors: Ormsby Angelique R. , Cox Dezerae , Daly James , Priest David , Hinde Elizabeth , Hatters Danny M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMutations that cause Huntington’s Disease involve a polyglutamine (polyQ) sequence expansion beyond 35 repeats in exon 1 of Huntingtin. Intracellular inclusion bodies of mutant Huntingtin protein are a key feature of Huntington’s disease brain pathology. We previously showed that in cell culture the formation of inclusions involved the assembly of disordered structures of mHtt exon 1 fragments (Httex1) and they were enriched with translational machinery when first formed. We hypothesized that nascent mutant Httex1 chains co-aggregate during translation by phase separation into liquid-like disordered aggregates and then convert to more rigid, amyloid structures. Here we further examined the mechanisms of inclusion assembly in a human epithelial kidney (AD293) cell culture model and examined whether ribosome quality control machinery previously implicated in stalled ribosomes were involved. We found mHttex1 did not appear to stall translation of its own nascent chain and there was no recruitment of RNA into inclusions. However, proteins involved in translation or ribosome quality control were co-recruited into the inclusions (Ltn1 and Rack1) compared to a protein not anticipated to be involved (NACAD). Furthermore, we observed co-aggregation with other proteins previously identified in inclusions, including Upf-1 and chaperone-like proteins Sgta and Hspb1, which also suppressed aggregation at high co-expression levels. The newly formed inclusions contained immobile mHttex1 molecules which points to the disordered aggregates being mechanically rigid prior to amyloid formation.
Aquaporins are main contributors of root hydraulic conductivity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.]
Authors: Grondin Alexandre , Affortit Pablo , Tranchant-Dubreuil Christine , de la Fuente Cantó Carla , Mariac Cédric , Gantet Pascal , Vadez Vincent , Vigouroux Yves , Laplaze Laurent 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPearl millet is a key cereal for food security in arid and semi-arid regions but its yield is increasingly threatened by water stress. Physiological mechanisms consisting in saving water or increasing water use efficiency can alleviate that stress. Aquaporins (AQP) are water channels contributing to plant hydraulic balance that are supposedly involved in these mechanisms by mediating root water transport. However, AQP remain largely uncharacterized in pearl millet. Here, we studied AQP function in root water transport in two pearl millet lines contrasting for water use efficiency (WUE). We observed that these lines were also contrasting for root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) and AQP contribution to Lpr, the line with lower WUE showing significantly higher AQP contribution to Lpr. To investigate the AQP isoforms contributing to Lpr, we developed genomic approaches to first identify the entire AQP family in pearl millet and second study the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIP) gene expression profile. We identified and annotated 33 AQP genes in pearl millet among which ten encoded PIP isoforms. PgPIP1-3 and PgPIP1-4 were significantly more expressed in the line showing lower WUE, higher Lpr and higher AQP contribution to Lpr. Overall, our study suggests that AQP from the PIP1 family are the main contributor of Lpr in pearl millet and are possibly associated to whole plant water use mechanisms. This study paves the way for further investigations on AQP functions in pearl millet hydraulics and adaptation to environmental stresses.The newly sequenced nucleotide sequences reported in this article have been submitted to GenBank under the submission number 2333840 (TPA grp467567). Assignment of GenBank accession number is in process.
Wild type AAV, recombinant AAV, and Adenovirus super infection impact on AAV vector mobilization
Authors: Song Liujiang , Samulski R. Jude , Hirsch Matthew L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecombinant Adeno-associated viral vector (rAAV) mobilization is a largely theoretical process in which intact AAV vectors spread or “mobilize” from transduced cells and infect additional cells within, or external, of the initial host. This process can be replication independent (vector alone), or replication-dependent (de novo rAAV production facilitated by super-infection of both wild-type AAV (wtAAV) and Ad helper virus). Herein, rAAV production and mobilization with and without wtAAV were analyzed following plasmid transfection or viral transduction utilizing well established in vitro conditions and analytical measurements. During in vitro production, wtAAV produced the highest titer with rAAV-luc (4.1 Kb), rAAV-IDUA (3.7 Kb), and rAAV-NanoDysferlin (4.9 Kb) generating 2.5-, 5.9-, or 10.7-fold lower amounts, respectively. Surprisingly, cotransfection of a wtAAV and a rAAV plasmid resulted in a uniform decrease in production of wtAAV in all instances with a concomitant increase of rAAV such that wtAAV:rAAV titers were at a ratio of 1:1 for all constructs investigated. These results were shown to be independent of the rAAV transgenic sequence, size, transgene, or promoter choice and point to novel aspects of wtAAV complementation that enhance current vector production systems yet to be de fined. In a mobilization assay, a sizeable amount of rAAV recovered from infected 293 cell lysate remained intact and competent for a secondary round of infection (termed non-replicative mobilization). In rAAV infected cells co-infected with Ad5 and wtAAV, rAAV particle production was increased > 50-fold compared to non-replicative conditions. In addition, replicative dependent rAAV vectors mobilized and resulted in >1,000 -fold transduction upon a subsequent 2nd round infection, highlighting the reality of these theoretical safety concerns that can be manifested under various conditions. Overall, these studies document and signify the need for mobilization resistant vectors and the opportunity to derive better vector production systems.
Improved accuracy of breast volume calculation from 3D surface imaging data using statistical shape models
Authors: Göpper M. W. , Neubauer J. , Kalash Z. , Stark G.B. , Simunovic F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThree-dimensional (3D) scanning is an established method of breast volume estimation. However, this method can never be entirely precise, since the thoracic wall cannot be imaged by the surface scanner. Current methods rely on interpolation of the posterior breast border from the surrounding thoracic wall. Here, we present a novel method to calculate the posterior border and increase the accuracy of the measurement.MethodsUsing principal component analysis, computed tomography images were used to build a statistical shape model (SSM) of the thoracic wall. The model was fitted to 3D images and the missing thoracic wall curvature interpolated (indirect volumetry). The calculations were evaluated by ordinary least squares regression between the preoperative and postoperative volume differences and the resection weights in breast reduction surgery (N=36). Also, an SSM of the breast was developed, allowing direct volumetry. Magnetic-resonance images (MRI) and 3D scans were acquired from 5 patients in order to validate the direct 3D volumetry.ResultsVolumetry based on a SSM exhibited a higher determination coefficient (R2=0,737) than the interpolation method (R2=0,404). The methods were not equivalent (p=0.75), suggesting that the methods significantly differ. There was no influence of BMI on the correlation in either method. The MRI volumetry had a strong correlation with the 3D volumetry (R2=0,978).ConclusionThe SSM-based method of posterior breast border calculation is reliable and superior to the currently used method of interpolation. It should serve as a basis of software applications aiming at calculation of breast volume from 3D surface scanning data.
Auditory evoked potential (P300) in cochlear implant users: a scoping review
Authors: do Amaral Maria Stella Arantes , Zamberlan-Amorin Nelma Ellen , Sasso Mendes Karina Dal , Bernal Sarah Carolina , Massuda Eduardo Tanaka , Hyppolito Miguel Ângelo , Barbosa Reis Ana Cláudia Mirândola 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionP300 auditory evoked potential is evoked by a long latency auditory stimulus, which provides information on neural mechanisms underlying central auditory processing, considered an objective and non-invasive technique to study the auditory central nervous system.ObjectiveTo identify and gather scientific evidence regarding the P3 component in adult cochlear implant users.MethodsScoping review of scientific literature, in the search of original articles in Portuguese, Spanish and English, published between 1991 and May 2018, in the following database websites: PubMed / Medline, Embase, LILACS and Web of Science.ResultsA total of 87 articles were identified and exported to the search software Rayyan for study selection - 58 were from Embase, 26 from PubMed and 3 from Web of Science. There were no articles found on LILACS. From those 87 articles, 16 were excluded for being duplicated. Then 71 articles were selected for title, authors, yeas and abstract scanning, from which 50 articles were excluded. From the 21 final articles for full reading, one was excluded for not performing P300, leaving us with 20 selected articles.ConclusionThis review has contributed with evidence that indicates how important it is to include speech stimulation when measuring P300. Regardless of the stimulus being used for P300 elicitation, a pattern of results can be seen a higher latency and a lower amplitude in CI users.
Propagation, inactivation, and safety testing of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Jureka Alexander S. , Silvas Jesus A. , Basler Christopher F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn late 2019, a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, the capital of the Chinese province Hubei. Since then, SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for a worldwide pandemic resulting in over 4 million infections and over 250,000 deaths. The pandemic has instigated widespread research related to SARS-CoV-2 and the disease that it causes, COVID-19. Research into this new virus will be facilitated by the availability of clearly described and effective procedures that enable the propagation and quantification of infectious virus. Because work with the virus is recommended to be performed at biosafety level 3, validated methods to effectively inactivate the virus to enable safe study of RNA, DNA and protein from infected cells are also needed. Here, we report methods used to grow SARS-CoV-2 in multiple cell lines and to measure virus infectivity by plaque assay using either agarose or microcrystalline cellulose as an overlay as well as a SARS-CoV-2 specific focus forming assay. We also demonstrate effective inactivation by TRIzol, 10% neutral buffered formalin, beta propiolactone, and heat.
Parallel global profiling of plant TOR dynamics reveals a conserved role for LARP1 in protein translation
Authors: Scarpin M. Regina , Leiboff Samuel , Brunkard Jacob O. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTTARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) is a deeply conserved protein kinase that coordinates eukaryotic metabolism with nutrient availability. In mammals, TOR specifically promotes translation of ribosomal protein mRNAs when amino acids are available to support protein synthesis. The mechanisms controlling translation downstream from TOR remain contested, however, and are largely unexplored in plants. Here, we took parallel global profiling approaches to define thein plantaTOR-regulated transcriptome, translatome, proteome, and phosphoproteome. We found that TOR regulates ribosome biogenesis in plants at multiple levels, but through mechanisms that do not directly depend on the canonical 5′ oligopyrimidine tract motif (5′TOP) found in mammalian ribosomal protein mRNAs. To investigate this further, we focused on a putative TOR substrate identified in our phosphoproteome: LARP1, a eukaryotic RNA-binding protein that is proposed to mediate TOR translational control of 5′TOP mRNAs in humans and that has gained increased interest because it associates with SARS-CoV-2. By conducting parallel global profiling experiments withlarp1mutants, we discovered that the TOR-LARP1 signaling axis controls 5′TOP mRNA translation in plants and defined a set of conserved eukaryotic 5′TOP mRNAs that encode cyclins, importins/karyopherins, translation elongation factors, and TCTP1, among others. We then identified novel, plant-specific 5′TOP mRNAs involved in critical biological processes, including ribosome biogenesis, chromatin remodeling, and auxin signaling. Our study illuminates the ancestral roles of the TOR-LARP1-5′TOP metabolic regulatory network and provides evolutionary context for ongoing debates about the molecular function of LARP1 in eukaryotic cells.
Slowly evolving dopaminergic activity modulates the moment-to-moment probability of movement initiation
Authors: Hamilos Allison E. , Spedicato Giulia , Hong Ye , Sun Fangmiao , Li Yulong , Assad John A. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTClues from human movement disorders have long suggested that the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a key role in motor control, but how the endogenous dopaminergic system regulates movement is unknown. Here we show dynamic dopaminergic signaling over seconds-long timescales controls movement timing in mice. Animals were trained to initiate licking after a self-timed interval following a start-timing cue. The movement time was variable from trial-to-trial, as expected from previous studies. Surprisingly, dopaminergic signals ramped-up over seconds between the start-timing cue and the self-timed movement, with variable dynamics that predicted the movement time on single trials. Steeply rising signals preceded early lick-initiation, whereas slowly rising signals preceded later initiation. Higher baseline signals also predicted earlier self-timed movements. Optogenetic activation of dopamine neurons during self-timing did not trigger immediate movements, but rather caused systematic early-shifting of movement initiation, whereas inhibition caused late-shifting, as if modulating the probability of movement. Consistent with this view, the dynamics of the endogenous dopaminergic signals quantitatively predicted the moment-by-moment probability of movement initiation on single trials. These results reveal a causal role for dynamic dopaminergic signaling unfolding over seconds in modulating the decision of when to move.
Extended field-of-view ultrathin microendoscopes for high-resolution two-photon imaging with minimal invasiveness in awake mice
Authors: Antonini Andrea , Sattin Andrea , Moroni Monica , Bovetti Serena , Moretti Claudio , Succol Francesca , Forli Angelo , Vecchia Dania , Rajamanickam Vijayakumar P. , Bertoncini Andrea , Panzeri Stefano , Liberale Carlo , Fellin Tommaso 
Published: May 2020

AbstractImaging neuronal activity with high and homogeneous spatial resolution across the field-of-view (FOV) and limited invasiveness in deep brain regions is fundamental for the progress of neuroscience, yet is a major technical challenge. We achieved this goal by correcting optical aberrations in gradient index lens-based ultrathin (≤ 500 µm) microendoscopes using aspheric microlenses generated through 3D-microprinting. Corrected microendoscopes had extended FOV (eFOV) with homogeneous spatial resolution for two-photon fluorescence imaging and required no modification of the optical set-up. Synthetic calcium imaging data showed that, compared to uncorrected endoscopes,eFOV-microendoscopes led to improved signal-to-noise ratio and more precise evaluation of correlated neuronal activity. We experimentally validated these predictions in awake head-fixed mice. Moreover, usingeFOV-microendoscopes we demonstrated cell-specific encoding of behavioral state-dependent information in distributed functional subnetworks in a primary somatosensory thalamic nucleus.eFOV-microendoscopes are, therefore, small-cross-section ready-to-use tools for deep two-photon functional imaging with unprecedentedly high and homogeneous spatial resolution.
Problematizing profit and profitability: discussions
Authors: Lowe Alan , Nama Yesh , Bryer Alice , Chabrak Nihel , Dambrin Claire , Jeacle Ingrid , Lind Johnny , Lorino Philippe , Robson Keith , Bottausci Chiara , Spence Crawford , Carter Chris , Svetlova Ekaterina 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report the outcome of an interdisciplinary discussion on the concepts of profit and profitability and various ways in which we could potentially problematize these concepts. It is our hope that a much greater attention or reconsideration of the problematization of profit and related accounting numbers will be fostered in part by the exchanges we include here.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts an interdisciplinary discussion approach and brings into conversation ideas and views of several scholars on problematizing profit and profitability in various contexts and explores potential implications of such problematization.FindingsProfit and profitability measures make invisible the collective endeavour of people who work hard (backstage) to achieve a desired profit level for a division and/or an organization. Profit tends to preclude the social process of debate around contradictions among the ends and means of collective activity. An inherent message that we can discern from our contributors is the typical failure of managers to appreciate the value of critical theory and interpretive research for them. Practitioners and positivist researchers seem to be so influenced by neo-liberal economic ideas that organizations are distrusted and at times reviled in their attachment to profit.Research limitations/implicationsProblematizing opens-up the potential for interesting and significant theoretical insights. A much greater pragmatic and theoretical reconsideration of profit and profitability will be fostered by the exchanges we include here.Originality/valueIn setting out a future research agenda, this paper fosters theoretical and methodological pluralism in the research community focussing on problematizing profit and profitability in various settings. The discussion perspectives offered in this paper provides not only a basis for further research in this critical area of discourse and regulation on the role and status of profit and profitability but also emancipatory potential for practitioners (to be reflective of their practices and their undesired consequences of such practices) whose overarching focus is on these accounting numbers.
BIM for lean building surveying services
Authors: Mahmood Ali , Abrishami Sepehr 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the implementation of building information modelling (BIM) concepts of the various processes involved in building surveying practice can lead to a reduction in waste. In turn leading to a synergy between BIM functionalities and lean production concepts.

Design/methodology/approach
To verify and validate the existence of this synergy between the two methods in building surveying, evidences were gathered from previous literature that supports these interactions. Next, a questionnaire was conducted for the purpose of identifying new interactions and providing further evidence to support existing interactions. Finally, based on the findings from previous literature and the results of the questionnaire, an interaction matrix was constructed linking the two concepts with the relevant evidence found.

Findings
The results of the questionnaire show that the BIM functionality with the highest interactions, maintenance of information integrity, had a high correlation with the reduction of variability, cycle time, batch size and promoting standardization of value flow. 4 D model-based scheduling, the second highest functionality, showed a high correlation with the reduction of variability, cycle time, batch size and an increase in the use of visual management. Finally, the results of the interaction matrix between the two concepts showed that the BIM functionalities with the most interactions were maintenance of information integrity, visualization of form and the automated generation of models and documents. The lean principles with the most interactions were reducing variability, cycle time, batch size as well as “enables visual management”. While most of these interactions were positive, negative interactions were also observed. These negative interactions were due to the fact that the level of competency and knowledge in BIM for building surveyors is at reduced levels which can lead to increased human errors.

Originality/value
The significance of this study is to provide the basis for building surveying organizations who wish to implement BIM and how this would lead to a synergy between BIM functionalities and lean principles. Both positive and negative interactions were considered to provide these organizations with different options for waste elimination.