bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐582‐5p serves as an antioncogenic biomarker in intermediate risk AML with normal cytogenetics and could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of leukemia cells
Authors: Wang Xiaman , Feng Yuandong , Zhang Peihua , Chen Hongli , Bai Ju , Wang Fangxia , He Aili 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNumerous studies confirmed that aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression contributes to cancer development and progression. We carried out this study to explore the expression profile of miRNAs in intermediate risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and locate certain miRNAs as biomarkers. We profiled differentially expressed miRNAs by performing miRNA sequencing analysis in the patients’ samples. Bioinformatic analysis showed the most significantly expressed genes mostly involved in cellular component organization, cell differentiation, and cell development. Reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction validated the expression of miR‐582‐5p in different groups of AML samples. It was confirmed that miR‐582‐5p was downregulated in newly diagnosed AML and relapse/refractory AML compared with CR AML or controls. Among intermediate risk AML patients with normal cytogenetics, a lower level of miR‐582‐5p is correlated with an unfavorable outcome, and a shorter overall survival. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function experiments revealed that miR‐582‐5p could inhibit proliferation, suppress migration, and invasion ability and induce apoptosis of leukemia cells. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‐582‐5p can increase sensitivity of cells to Ara‐C. In conclusion, miR‐582‐5p can serve as an antioncogenic biomarker in intermediate risk AML with normal cytogenetics for risk classification and outcome prediction. These results showed a novel role for miR‐582‐5p in predicting the prognosis and promoting the tumor growth of AML.
Percutaneous endovascular delivery of calcium chloride to the intact porcine carotid artery: A novel animal model of arterial calcification
Authors: Abrão Sérgio R. , Campos Carlos M. , Cavalcante Rafael , Eggermont Jeroen , Lemos Pedro , Lederman Alex , da Silva Erasmo S. , Aun Ricardo , Belczak Sergio Q. , Abizaid Alexandre , de Brito Fabio Sandoli 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe present study evaluated the effect of endovascular administration of calcium chloride to the carotid artery of swines, to create a model of arterial calcification.MethodsFifteen Large White pigs were used for the study. Via endovascular treatment, carotid arteries were exposed during 9 min to either calcium chloride (experimental artery) or saline (control artery) with the use of the TAPAS catheter. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging was obtained at baseline, postprocedure and at 30 days. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was obtained in vitro after carotids were harvested. Longitudinally cut parallel arterial segments were placed in a system of delicate clamps and underwent uniaxial strain test. All arteries underwent histopathological examination.ResultsCalcium chloride treated segments showed extensive circumferential parietal calcification evident on both IVUS and OCT. Reduction in minimal lumen area on IVUS was evident in experimental arteries both at 24 hr and 30 days postprocedure. Histopathologic assessment (Von Kossa stain) confirmed medial calcification with mild intimal thickening. Biomechanical testing showed treated segments to have smaller breaking strength and less elastic deformation than controls.ConclusionWe developed a nonexpensive, reproducible model of early carotid medial calcification in pigs. Our model has the potential to help the development of research to unravel mechanisms underlying arterial calcification, the use of current or new devices to treat calcified lesions as well as to serve as an option for training interventionalists on the use of such devices.
Traceability of soybeans produced in Argentina based on their trace element profiles
Authors: Hidalgo Melisa J. , Fechner Diana C. , Ballabio Davide , Marchevsky Eduardo J. , Pellerano Roberto G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSoybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) is a popular foodstuff and crop plant, used in human and animal food. In this work, multielement analysis of soybean grains samples in combination with chemometric tools was used to classify the geographical origins. For this purpose, 120 samples from three provinces of Argentina were analyzed for a panel of 20 trace elements by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. First, we used principal component analysis for exploratory analysis. Then, supervised classification techniques such as support vector machine (SMV) discriminant analysis (SVM‐DA), random forest, k‐nearest neighbors, and class‐modeling techniques such as soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), potential functions, and one‐class SVM were applied as tools to establish a model of origin of samples. The performance of the techniques was compared using global indexes. Among all the models tested, SVM and SIMCA showed the highest percentages in terms of prediction ability in cross‐validation with average values of 99.3% for SVM‐DA and a median value of balanced accuracy of 96.0%, 91.7%, and 88.3% for the three origins using SIMCA. Results suggested that the developed methodology by chemometric techniques is robust and reliable for the geographical classification of soybean samples from Argentina.
Model precision in partial least squares with discriminant analysis: A case study in document forgery through crossing lines
Authors: Valderrama Leonardo , Março Paulo Henrique , Valderrama Patrícia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDocument frauds can occur by the misuse of blank documents by persons who are trusted by the signer or by the adulteration of an official document. The identification of forgery documents by crossing lines requires methods with better accuracy and precision in nondestructive ways. In this sense, this work presented a methodology by applying the partial least squares with discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) chemometric tool to digital images obtained from a smartphone for crossing lines analysis in two situations: documents that were printed and then signed (the correct mode—Situation 1) and documents that were signed and then printed (fraudulent documents—Situation 2), and by employing blue pen inks types ballpoint, rollerball, gel, and felt‐tip. PLS‐DA models presented a correct classification of all pen types in both situations and presenting sensitivity and specificity equal to 1. Robustness, evaluated by change the printer brand, model, and ink application mode, showed no influence for gel pens. This model was validated by precision estimation at levels of repeatability, intermediary, and reproducibility showing comparable results for the three levels considering the reproducibility with an iPhone 7. Precision at the reproducibility level with iPhone Xs presented the lower value and probably was more effective due to the camera system.
Metal‐Free, Visible‐Light‐Induced Selective C−C Bond Cleavage of Cycloalkanones with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Xin Hong , Duan Xin‐Hua , Liu Le , Guo Li‐Na 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA metal‐free, visible‐light‐induced oxidative C−C bond cleavage of cycloketones with molecular oxygen is described. Cooperative Brønsted‐acid catalysis and photocatalysis enabled selective C−C bond cleavage of cycloketones to generate an array of γ‐, δ‐ and ϵ‐keto esters under very mild conditions. Mechanistic studies indicate that singlet molecular oxygen (1O2) is responsible for this transformation.
Luminescent Bimetallic IrIII/AuI Peptide Bioconjugates as Potential Theranostic Agents
Authors: Luengo Andrés , Marzo Isabel , Reback Matthew , Daubit Isabelle M. , Fernández‐Moreira Vanesa , Metzler‐Nolte Nils , Gimeno M. Concepción 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDiverse iridium peptide bioconjugates and the corresponding iridium/gold bimetallic complexes have been synthesized starting from a cyclometallated carboxylic acid substituted IrIII complex [Ir(ppy)2(Phen‐5‐COO)] by solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). The selected peptide sequences were an enkephalin derivative Tyr‐Gly‐Gly‐Phe‐Leu together with the propargyl‐substituted species Tyr‐Gly‐Pgl‐Phe‐Leu to allow gold coordination (Pgl: propyrgyl‐glycine, HC≡C‐Gly), and a specific short peptide, Ala‐Cys‐Ala‐Phen, containing a cysteine residue. Introduction of the gold center has been achieved via a click reaction with the alkynyl group leading to an organometallic Au−C(triazole) species, or by direct coordination to the sulfur atom of the cysteine. The photophysical properties of these species revealed predominantly an emission originating from the Ir complex, using mixed metal‐to‐ligand and ligand‐to‐ligand charge transfer excited states of triplet multiplicity. The formation of the peptide bioconjugates caused a systematic redshift of the emission profiles. Lysosomal accumulation was observed for all the complexes, in contrast to the expected mitochondrial accumulation triggered by the gold complexes. Only the cysteine‐containing Ir/Au bioconjugate displayed cytotoxic activity. The absence of activity may be related to the lack of endosomal/lysosomal escape for the cationic peptide conjugates. Interestingly, the different coordination sphere of the gold atom may play a crucial role, as the Au−S(cysteine) bond may be more readily cleaved in a biological environment than the Au−C(triazole) bond, and thus the Au fragment could be released from or trapped in the lysosomes, respectively. This work represents a starting point in the development of bimetallic peptide bioconjugates as theranostics and in the knowledge of factors that contribute to anti‐proliferative activity.
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Unactivated Aryl Fluorides with Primary Aliphatic Amines by Organic Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Shi Weimin , Zhang Jingjie , Zhao Fengqian , Wei Wei , Liang Fang , Zhang Yin , Zhou Shaolin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, a mild and transition‐metal‐free approach for the nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) of unactivated fluoroarenes with primary aliphatic amines to form aromatic amines is reported. This reaction is facilitated by the formation of cationic fluoroarene radical intermediates in the presence of an acridinium‐based organic photocatalyst under blue‐light irradiation. Various electron‐rich and electron‐neutral fluoroarenes are competent electrophiles for this transformation. A wide range of primary aliphatic amines, including amino acid esters, dipeptides, and linear and branched amines are suitable nucleophiles. The synthetic utility of this protocol is demonstrated by the late‐stage functionalization of several complex drug molecules.
Activation of Ethylene by N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Coordinated Magnesium(I) Compounds
Authors: Yuvaraj K. , Douair Iskander , Maron Laurent , Jones Cameron 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReactions of a series of magnesium(I) compounds with ethylene, in the presence of an N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC), have been explored. Treating [{(MesNacnac)Mg}2] (MesNacnac=[HC(MeCNMes)2]−, Mes=mesityl) with an excess of ethylene in the presence of two equivalents of :C{(MeNCMe)2} (TMC) leads to the formal reductive coupling of ethylene, and formation of the 1,2‐dimagnesiobutane complex, [{(MesNacnac)(TMC)Mg}2(μ‐C4H8)]. In contrast, when the reaction is repeated in the presence of three equivalents of TMC, a mixture of the β‐diketiminato magnesium ethyl, [(MesNacnac)(TMC)MgEt], and the NHC coordinated magnesium diamide, [(MesNacnac‐H)Mg(TMC)2], results. Four related products, [(ArNacnac)(TMC)MgEt] (Ar=2,6‐dimethylphenyl (Xyl) or 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl (Dip)) and [(ArNacnac‐H)Mg(TMC)2] (Ar=Xyl or Dip), were similarly synthesised and crystallographically characterized. Computational studies have been employed to investigate the mechanisms of the two observed reaction types, which appear dependent on the substitution pattern of the magnesium(I) compound, and the stoichiometric equivalents of TMC used in the reactions.
Loss of NF2 defines a genetic subgroup of non‐FOS‐rearranged osteoblastoma
Authors: Saba Karim H , Cornmark Louise , Hofvander Jakob , Magnusson Linda , Nilsson Jenny , van den Bos Hilda , Spierings Diana CJ , Foijer Floris , Staaf Johan , Brosjö Otte , Sumathi Vaiyapuri P , Lam Suk Wai , Szuhai Karoly , Bovée Judith VMG , Kovac Michal , Baumhoer Daniel , Styring Emelie , Nord Karolin H 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOsteoblastoma is a locally aggressive tumour of bone. Until recently, its underlying genetic features were largely unknown. During the past two years, reports have demonstrated that acquired structural variations affect the transcription factor FOS in a high proportion of cases. These rearrangements modify the terminal exon of the gene and are believed to stabilise both the FOS transcript and the encoded protein, resulting in high expression levels. Here, we applied in‐depth genetic analyses to a series of 29 osteoblastomas, including five classified as epithelioid osteoblastoma. We found recurrent homozygous deletions of the NF2 gene in three of the five epithelioid cases and in one conventional osteoblastoma. These events were mutually exclusive from FOS mutations. Structural variations were determined by deep whole genome sequencing and the number of FOS‐rearranged cases was less than previously reported (10/23, 43%). One conventional osteoblastoma displayed a novel mechanism of FOS upregulation; bringing the entire FOS gene under the control of the WNT5A enhancer that is itself activated by FOS. Taken together, we show that NF2 loss characterises a subgroup of osteoblastomas, distinct from FOS‐rearranged cases. Both NF2 and FOS are involved in regulating bone homeostasis, thereby providing a mechanistic link to the excessive bone growth of osteoblastoma.
Development and evaluation of fish eDNA metabarcoding assays facilitate the detection of cryptic seahorse taxa (family: Syngnathidae)
Authors: Nester Georgia M. , De Brauwer Maarten , Koziol Adam , West Katrina M. , DiBattista Joseph D. , White Nicole E. , Power Matthew , Heydenrych Matthew J. , Harvey Euan , Bunce Michael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding methods have demonstrated their potential as noninvasive techniques for the monitoring and conservation of marine fishes, including rare and endangered taxa. However, the majority of these investigations have focused on large‐bodied taxa such as sharks and sturgeons. In contrast, eDNA studies on small‐bodied cryptic taxa are much less common. As a case in point, seahorses (members of the Syngnathidae family) have never been detected by eDNA, despite the fact that globally there are 14 species classified as “Threatened” by the IUCN. Here, we critically evaluate the ability of two existing broad‐spectrum fish metabarcoding assays (MiFish and 16S Fish) and explore the efficacy of two newly designed fish metabarcoding assays (16S_FishSyn_Short and 16S_FishSyn_Long) to detect Syngnathidae amidst a wide spectrum of fish species. Furthermore, a custom Western Australian 16S rRNA fish database was created to increase the likelihood of correct taxonomic assignments. With the newly designed assays, we detected four Syngnathidae species in a targeted eDNA survey of the Perth metropolitan area (Western Australia). These detections include the seahorse species Hippocampus subelongatus and Hippocampus breviceps, which represents the first time seahorse species have been detected using eDNA. The existing MiFish and 16S Fish assays did not detect any Syngnathidae. This evaluation of all four fish metabarcoding assays reinforces the view that every PCR assay has “blind spots”. In the context of complex environmental samples, no assay is universal and false negatives will occur due to a combination of PCR efficacy, primer binding, assay sensitivity, degeneracies in the primers, template competition, and amplicon length. Taken together, these data indicate that eDNA methodologies, with ongoing optimizations, will become an integral part of monitoring small‐bodied cryptic taxa such as seahorses, gobies, and blennies and can assist in mapping species’ distributions and prioritizing conservation areas.
The three‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in distinguishing between ischaemic and non‐ischaemic aetiology of heart failure
Authors: Vachalcova Marianna , Valočik Gabriel , Kurečko Marián , Grapsa Julia , Taha Viktória Ali , Michalek Peter , Jankajová Monika , Sabol František , Kubikova Lucia , Orban Marek , Uher Tomas , Böhm Allan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of this pilot study was to compare selected three‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D STE) parameters in patients with ischaemic and non‐ischaemic aetiology of heart failure (HF) and to identify indices that can differentiate the two pathologies.Methods and resultsForty patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% were included to the study: 20 patients (age 63 ± 9.0 years, LVEF 29.0 ± 11.3%) with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and 20 patients (age 64.0 ± 11.0 years, LVEF 27.3 ± 7.5%) with non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy. All patients underwent two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) transthoracic echocardiography. Standard echocardiographic parameters, global longitudinal strain, and rotational parameters of left ventricle (LV) were assessed using 3D speckle tracking (3D STE). There were no differences in standard and STE parameters between the two groups. Among rotational parameters, the LV apical rotation (4.9 ± 3.5° vs. 2.3 ± 2.4°, P = 0.0022) was significantly higher in patients with ischaemic HF. Among all echocardiographic parameters, a cut‐off value of 3.28° (area under the curve 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.62 to 0.93) was able to distinguish the ischaemic and non‐ischaemic aetiology of HF with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 75%.ConclusionsThis is the first study that compares 3D STE parameters between patients with ischaemic and non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy. It was proved that the apical rotation was significantly higher in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Our findings suggest that 3D STE might be useful in non‐invasive differentiation between ischaemic and non‐ischaemic aetiology of HF.
Trading protocols and price discovery: Implicit transaction costs in Indian single stock futures
Authors: Curran Edward , Hunt Jack , Mollica Vito 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe show how trading protocols impede the price discovery process in single stock futures as implicit trade costs outweigh explicit costs. Despite the trade volume dominance, trade costs advantage and leverage efficiency in futures markets, single stock futures account for only 35% of the price discovery vis‐á‐vis the spot market. Futures market's informational efficiency is adversely affected by market frictions in the form of marketwide position limits, minimum contract values, and margin requirements.
A simple method for extracting the probability of default from American put option prices
Authors: Chang Bo Young , Orosi Greg 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present a novel method for extracting the risk‐neutral probability of default (PD) of a firm from American put option prices. Building on the idea of a default corridor proposed by Carr and Wu, we derive a parsimonious closed‐form formula for American put option prices from which the PD can be inferred. The method is easy to implement. Our empirical results based on seven large US firms for the period 2002–2010 show that, in some cases, our option‐implied PD can provide a more accurate estimate of default probability than the estimates implied from credit default swaps.
Prospective longitudinal evaluation of cytokines in mild cognitive impairment due to AD and Lewy body disease
Authors: Thomas Alan J. , Hamilton Calum A. , Donaghy Paul C. , Martin‐Ruiz Carmen , Morris Chris M. , Barnett Nicola , Olsen Kirsty , Taylor John‐Paul , O'Brien John T. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesWe conducted a prospective longitudinal study of plasma cytokines during the Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) stage of Lewy body disease and Alzheimer's disease, hypothesizing that cytokine levels would decrease over time and that this would be correlated with decline in cognition.MethodsOlder (≥60) people with MCI were recruited from memory services in healthcare trusts in North East England, UK. MCI was diagnosed as due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI‐AD) or Lewy body disease (MCI‐LB). Baseline and repeat annual clinical and cognitive assessments were undertaken and plasma samples were obtained at the same time. Cytokine assays were performed on all samples using the Meso Scale Discovery V‐Plex Plus Proinflammatory Panel 1, which included IFNγ, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70, IL‐13 and TNFα.ResultsFifty‐six patients (21 MCI‐AD, 35 MCI‐LB) completed prospective evaluations and provided samples up to 3 years after baseline. Six cytokines (IFNγ, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6 and IL‐10) showed highly significant (P < .002) decreases over time. AD and LB did not differ in rate of decrease nor were there any effects related to age or general morbidity. Decrease in five of these cytokines (IFNγ, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, and IL‐10) was highly correlated with decrease in cognition (P < .003).ConclusionsPeripheral inflammation decreased in both disease groups during MCI suggesting this may be a therapeutic window for future anti‐inflammatory agents.
Evaluation of lymph node ratio and lymph node yield as prognosticators of locoregional recurrence in p16‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nurimba Margaret , Hines William , Sinha Uttam , Mathew Anna , Kokot Niels , Swanson Mark 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic value of lymph node yield (LNY) and lymph node ratio (LNR), or the ratio of number of metastatic LNs to total number dissected, has not been well established in p16‐associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).MethodsThis retrospective cohort study evaluated locoregional disease‐free survival (LRDFS) in 82 patients with p16+ OPSCC who underwent neck dissection at a single institution from 2009 to 2017. LNR and LNY cutoffs were estimated using time‐dependent receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Prognostic significance of these cutoffs was compared with Eighth Edition AJCC Nodal Staging.ResultsAn increased LNR ≥ 0.129 was associated with worse 2‐year LRDFS (66.9% vs 96.8%, P = .005). LNY was not significantly associated with LRDFS (P = .304). An LNR‐based risk model was a better prognosticator than Eighth Edition AJCC Nodal Staging (Harrell's C, 0.9065 vs 0.7668).ConclusionsLNR has good prognostic utility in predicting LRDFS in p16+ OPSCC, but further evaluation of this measure is warranted.