bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handy and highly efficient oxidation of benzylic alcohols to the benzaldehyde derivatives using heterogeneous Pd/AlO(OH) nanoparticles in solvent-free conditions
Authors: Goksu Haydar , Sen Fatih 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe selective oxidation of benzylic alcohols was performed by using commercially available aluminum oxy-hydroxide-supported palladium (Pd/AlO(OH)) nanoparticles (0.5 wt.% Pd, about 3 nm size) under mild conditions. The oxidation method comprises the oxidation of benzyl alcohols catalyzed by aluminum oxy-hydroxide-supported palladium under ultrasonic and solvent-free conditions and a continuous stream of O2. The characterization of aluminum oxy-hydroxide-supported palladium nanocatalyst was conducted by several advanced analytical techniques including scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis by ICP-OES. The oxidation of a variety of benzyl alcohol compounds were tested by the aluminum oxy-hydroxide-supported palladium nanoparticles, and all expected oxidation products were obtained by the high conversion yields within 3 hours. The reaction progress was monitored by TLC (Thin-layer chromatography), and the yields of the products were determined by 1H-NMR and 13C NMR analysis.
Metabolic disturbance in hippocampus and liver of mice: A primary response to imidacloprid exposure
Authors: Zheng Meilin , Qin Qizhong , Zhou Wenli , Liu Qin , Zeng Shaohua , Xiao Hong , Bai Qunhua , Gao Jieying 
Published: March 2020

AbstractImidacloprid (IMI) is one of the most frequently used neonicotinoid insecticides, but recent studies have shown adverse effects on mammals. IMI was found to be neurotoxic and hepatotoxic. In the present study, the effects of repeated oral administration of two doses of IMI (5 and 20 mg/kg/day) for 28 days on hippocampus and liver of female KM mice were studied. The histopathological and biochemical experiments indicated obvious damages to the hippocampus and liver of mice in the high-dose group (20 mg/kg/day). Using a high-throughput metabolomics platform based on ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS), we studied effects of IMI on metabolic profiles in the hippocampus and liver of mice. Significant differences among the control group, the low-dose group and the high-dose group were clearly presented using multivariate analysis. The changed metabolic profile in the low-dose group (5 mg/kg/day) revealed that the metabolic disturbance in the hippocampus and liver of mice had been induced by low-dose of IMI, although no significant histopathological changes were observed in the low-dose group. Six differential metabolites in the hippocampus and 10 differential metabolites in the liver were identified as the possible biomarkers to distinguish IMI exposure from the control group using the variable importance in projection (VIP) value and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The metabolism disturbances of important biochemical pathways in the hippocampus and liver of mice in the exposed groups were elucidated, mostly concentrated in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy metabolism (p < 0.05). Such investigations give out a global view of IMI-induced damages in the hippocampus and liver of mice and imply a health risk associated with early metabolic damage in mice.
Freezing and piercing of in vitro asymmetric plasma membrane by α-synuclein
Authors: Heo Paul , Pincet Frederic 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSynucleinopathies are neurological diseases that are characterized by the accumulation of aggregates of a cytosolic protein, α-synuclein, at the plasma membrane. Even though the pathological role of the protein is established, the mechanism by which it damages neurons remains unclear due to the difficulty to correctly mimic the plasma membrane in vitro. Using a microfluidic setup in which the composition of the plasma membrane, including the asymmetry of the two leaflets, is recapitulated, we demonstrate a triple action of α-synuclein on the membrane. First, it changes membrane topology by inducing pores of discrete sizes, likely nucleated from membrane-bound proteins and subsequently enlarged by proteins in solution. Second, protein binding to the cytosolic leaflet increases the membrane capacitance by thinning it and/or changing its relative permittivity. Third, α-synuclein insertion inside the membrane hydrophobic core immobilizes the lipids in both leaflets, including the opposing protein-free extracellular one.
Iodide-enhanced palladium catalysis via formation of iodide-bridged binuclear palladium complex
Authors: Zhang Yuanfei , Chen Zhe-Ning , Zhang Xiaofeng , Deng Xi , Zhuang Wei , Su Weiping 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of metalloenzymes with multinuclear metal complexes in their active sites inspires chemists’ interest in the development of multinuclear catalysts. Studies in this area commonly focus on binuclear catalysts containing either metal-metal bond or electronically discrete, conformationally advantageous metal centres connected by multidentate ligands, while in many multinuclear metalloenzymes the metal centres are bridged through μ2-ligands without a metal-metal bond. We report herein a μ2-iodide-bridged binuclear palladium catalyst which accelerates the C-H nitrosation/annulation reaction and significantly enhances its yield compared with palladium acetate catalyst. The superior activity of this binuclear palladium catalyst is attributed to the trans effect-relay through the iodide bridge from one palladium sphere to the other palladium sphere, which facilitates dissociation of the stable six-membered chelating ring in palladium intermediate and accelerates the catalytic cycle. Such a trans effect-relay represents a bimetallic cooperation mode and may open an avenue to design and develop multinuclear catalysts.
Detailed electro‐dynamic model of an ultra‐fast disconnector including the failure mode
Authors: Zaja Mario , Razi‐Kazemi Ali Asghar , Jovcic Dragan 
Published: March 2020

Ultra‐fast disconnector (UFD) is a key component of hybrid DC circuit breakers and it is also studied as the main switch in some DC grid topologies. A UFD model suitable for DC grid studies and considering both normal operation and failure mode is presented. The dynamic motion of contacts is analysed in detail and it is concluded that Thomson coil inductances including parasitic parameters play an important role and it is recommended to use finite element modelling. The arcing mode of UFD is repressed using a variable resistance in series with an ideal switch. The variable resistance is calculated analytically based on the instantaneous position of contacts and the circuit conditions. Two different arc models are recommended: for the air‐insulated UFD and SF6 UFD, and in each case, two operating regimes should be considered: high and low currents. The UFD model is verified for both normal operation and failure mode using measurements on a 5 kV laboratory UFD and the results show very good matching. The 320 kV SF6 UFD model is evaluated using limited reported results from manufacturers.
Asymmetric Chlorination of 4-Substituted Pyrazolones Catalyzed by Chiral Copper Complexes
Authors: Wang Yi-Feng , Chen Xue-Yang , Jiang Zhen-Hui , Ju Wan-Zhen , Yin Hao , Qi Suo-Suo , Chu Ming-Ming 
Published: March 2020

A fast and highly enantioselective chlorination of 4-pyrazolones catalyzed by bis(oxazoline)–Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O complexes has been developed. Under the optimized conditions, a series of pyrazolones bearing stereogenic chlorine-attached carbon centers were obtained in moderate to high yields (up to 98%) and with enantioselectivities of up to 98% ee.
Surgical Management of Deep Brain Stimulator Infection without Electrode Removal: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Tanaka Hiroaki , Rikimaru Hideaki , Rikimaru-Nishi Yukiko , Muraoka Norihiro , Anegawa Mina , Ueki Shoya , Oishi Ou , Kiyokawa Kensuke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus by implanted electrodes (deep brain stimulation [DBS]) is performed to suppress symptoms of Parkinson's disease. However, postoperative wound dehiscence and infection can require removal of the implanted electrode leads. This report describes treatment of intractable unilateral wound infection in two patients without removing the DBS device.
Methods First, components of the DBS system were removed except for the electrode lead and thorough debridement of the infected wound was conducted. Second, the edges of the bone defect left by removal of DBS components were smoothed to eliminate dead space. Subsequently, the electrode lead was covered by using a pericranial-frontalis-muscle flap or a bi-pedicled-scalp flap with good blood supply. Closed intrawound continuous negative pressure and irrigation treatment was conducted for 1 week after the surgery, and then the drain was removed.
Results We treated two patients with wound infection after implantation of DBS electrodes. Case 1 developed a cutaneous fistula and Case 2 had wound dehiscence. After treatment by the method described above, complete wound healing was achieved in both patients.
Conclusion DBS is always associated with a risk of infection or exposure of components and treatment can be very difficult. We successfully managed intractable wound infection while leaving the electrode lead in situ, so that it was subsequently possible to continue DBS for Parkinson's disease.
Surgical Treatment of Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma in Patients Treated with Systemic Immunotherapy
Authors: Chao Tiffany N. , Kuan Edward C. , Tong Charles C. L. , Kohanski Michael A. , Grady M. Sean , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. , O'Malley Bert W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjective Surgical resection is widely accepted as a critical component for definitive treatment of sinonasal mucosal melanoma. Systemic immunotherapy, including multiple newer agents, has been used to treat metastatic or unresectable disease. In this study, we examine its efficacy in locoregional control when used in conjunction with surgical resection for primary mucosal lesions.Design Present study is a retrospective review of all patients at a tertiary academic medical center with primary sinonasal mucosal melanoma and distant metastatic disease.Results A total of four patients were identified. In all cases, patients were treated with a combination of surgical resection of the primary tumor and systemic immunotherapy. Three patients were initially treated with surgery at the primary site followed by immunotherapy for distant metastases. Response to immunotherapy at the sites of primary and metastatic disease was seen in two patients. All four patients developed progression or recurrence at the primary site following initiation of immunotherapy for which they underwent surgical resection. One patient remains in follow-up without evidence of disease 20 months after initial treatment; three succumbed to the disease at 135, 37, and 16 months after initial treatment.Conclusion Surgical resection for local control plays a critically important role in the treatment of sinonasal mucosal melanoma regardless of the presence of metastases and whether immunotherapy will be given. This case series suggests that, though immunotherapy may demonstrate efficacy in managing distant disease, surgery should remain the first-line treatment for the primary site.
Using the Arcuate Eminence–Trigeminal Notch Line to Localize the Anterior Wall of the Internal Auditory Canal in a Subtemporal Approach: An Anatomical Study
Authors: Yang Haifeng , Li Mengjun , Chen Ge , Liang Jiantao , Bao Yuhai , Li Mingchu , Ling Feng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This article aims to describe the regional anatomy of the anterior end of the arcuate eminence, the lateral end of the trigeminal notch, and the line connecting the two (i.e., the arcuate eminence–trigeminal notch line [ATL]) and to determine whether the ATL could be used as a landmark for localizing the internal auditory canal (IAC).
Methods Twenty sides of the middle cranial fossae were examined. The anterior end of the arcuate eminence, the lateral end of the trigeminal notch, the ATL, and other crucial structures were exposed. The relevant distance and angle of related structures in the anterior wall of the petrosal bone were measured.
Results The anterior end of the arcuate eminence and the lateral end of the trigeminal notch could be identified in all specimens. The anterior end of the arcuate eminence lay over the geniculate ganglia and the vestibule area, and could be visualized directly or determined from the intersection of the long axes of the greater superficial petrosal nerve and arcuate eminence. On the petrous ridge, the lateral end of the trigeminal notch was also the transitional point of the suprameatal tubercle and trigeminal notch. The ATL corresponded to the projection of the anterior wall of the IAC on the anterior surface of the petrous bone.
Conclusion The ATL corresponded to the projection of the anterior wall of the IAC on the anterior petrous surface and could be used as an alternative landmark for localizing the anterior wall of the IAC.
Resection of a Recurrent Cervicomedullary Junction Fibromyxoid Sarcoma through a Far Lateral Approach
Authors: Nguyen Vincent , Mangham William , Basma Jaafar , Khan Nickalus , Sorenson Jeffrey , Michael L. Madison 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study describes a far lateral approach for the resection of a recurrent fibromyxoid sarcoma involving the ventrolateral brainstem, with emphasis on the microsurgical anatomy and technique.
Design A far lateral craniotomy is performed in the lateral decubitus position and the transverse and sigmoid sinuses exposed. After opening the dura, sutures are placed to allow gentle mobilization of the sinuses. The recurrent tumor is immediately visible. The involved dura is resected and aggressive internal debulking is performed. Subarachnoid dissection gives access to the lower cranial nerves. The tumor is dissected off the affected portions of the brainstem. A dural graft is used to reconstitute the dura. Photographs of the region are borrowed from Dr. Rhoton's laboratory to illustrate the microsurgical anatomy.
Participants The senior author performed the surgery. The video was edited by Dr. V.N. chart review, and literature review were performed by Drs. W.M. and J.B.
Outcome measures Outcome was assessed with the extent of resection and postoperative neurological function.
Results A near gross total resection of the lesion was achieved. The patient developed a left vocal cord paresis, but her voice was improving at 3-month follow-up.
Conclusion Understanding the microsurgical anatomy of the craniocervical junction and ventrolateral brainstem and meticulous microneurosurgical technique are necessary to achieve adequate resection of lesions involving the ventrolateral brainstem. The far lateral approach provides an adequate corridor to this region.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtube/uYEhgPbgrTs.
Emergency TREPP for Strangulated Inguinal Hernia Repair: A Consecutive Case Series
Authors: Zwols T.L.R. , Akkersdijk W.L. , Bökkerink W.J.V. , Andeweg C.S. , Pierie J.P.E.N. , Koning G.G. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Patients with strangulated inguinal hernia (SIH) require emergency surgical treatment. International guidelines do not specify the surgical technique of preference. Frequently, an open anterior approach such as the Lichtenstein technique is used.The TransREctus sheath Pre-Peritoneal (TREPP) technique is an alternative, open posterior approach, which has shown promising results in the elective treatment of inguinal hernias. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of the TREPP technique in the emergency setting of SIHs.
Materials and Methods After medical ethical approval was warranted, all consecutive patients, who underwent emergency TREPP (e-TREPP) at a high-volume hernia institute, were retrospectively included from 2006 up to and including 2016. Data retrieved from the electronic patient files were combined with the findings during a long-term outcome physical investigation at an outpatient department visit. e-TREPP was, prior to the start of the study, defined as TREPP performed immediately at the operation room.
Results Thirty-three patients underwent e-TREPP for SIH. Ten patients were clinically evaluated, ten patients were deceased, nine patients could not be contacted, and four patients did not or could not consent. Of the ten deceased patients, one patient died perioperatively due to massive aspiration followed by cardiac arrest. Nine patients died due to other causes. Two patients developed a recurrence after (after 13 days and 16 months respectively). Two patients were surgically treated for a wound infection (mesh removal in one). No patient reported chronic postoperative inguinal pain.
Conclusion e-TREPP in experienced hands seems feasible and safe (Level of Evidence 4) for the treatment of patients with strangulated inguinal hernia, with percentages of postoperative complications comparable to other techniques.
Extremely Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein and Glucose Level in a Neonate with Hypernatremic Dehydration
Authors: Maria Arti , Bandyopadhyay Tapas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe describe the case of a term newborn who presented with hypernatremic dehydration on day 19 of life. The baby was otherwise hemodynamically stable with no evidence of focal or asymmetric neurological signs. The laboratory tests at the time of admission were negative except for hypernatremia and the extremely elevated levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein (717 mg/dL) and glucose levels (97 mg/dL). The hypernatremic dehydration was corrected as per the unit protocol over 48 hours. Repeat CSF analysis done after 5 days showed normalization of the protein and glucose levels. Serial follow-up and neuroimaging showed no evidence of neurological sequelae. Unique feature of our case is this is the first case reporting such an extreme elevation of CSF protein and glucose levels that have had no bearing on neurodevelopmental outcome at 1 month and 3 months of follow-up.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Children and Pregnant Women: An Updated Review of the Literature on Screening and Treatments
Authors: Ragusa Rosalia , Corsaro Liberato Simone , Frazzetto Evelise , Bertino Emanuele , Bellia Maria Alessandra , Bertino Gaetano 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of the paper is to review the current information relating to the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in pregnant women and children, particularly those infected by mother-to-child transmission.
Study Design A review of published literature was performed to identify relevant articles published between January 2015 and March 2019 on: HCV infection in pregnant woman, mother-to child-transmission of HCV and HCV infection in pediatrics. The results of the evaluation of the different studies were summarized in two sections describing separately the screening and effective treatments in pregnant women and children.
Results The rate of mother-to-child transmission of HCV is approximately 5%. HCV infection is strongly associated with cholestasis and preterm birth. Prenatal diagnosis of hepatitis C virus has a dual benefit for mother and child. Perinatally infected children develop cirrhosis in earlier age than those who acquire HCV as adolescents. Pregnant women with cirrhosis have a higher risk of poor maternal and neonatal outcomes than those without cirrhosis.
Conclusion To improve public health, universal screening of pregnant women for HCV infection should be performed. Early identification of women and children with HCV infection is important to enable them to be included in assessment and/or treatment programs.
Mapping lecturer questions and their pedagogical goals in Spanish- andEnglish-medium instruction
Authors: Sánchez-García Davinia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article explores the relationship between teacher questioning practices and pedagogical objectives in Spanish- and English-medium lectures. The results obtained from the analysis of 16 lectures delivered by the same two university teachers both in Spanish and English reveal that the use of questions could be exploited more effectively for pedagogical purposes. Consequently, this paper tries to raise teachers’ awareness of the role of questions upon their teaching and their students’ learning process.
Private sector’s approach model to community resilience
Authors: Oemar A M , Mukarnawati U A , Paramita W 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Natural disaster that climate-related has been increased in the last decades, there were 281 events recorded and affected over 60 million people across the world in 2018 only. Vulnerable communities, who are the most impacted, deserve financial and technical support so they can build resilience. Tackling climate change and its impact needs a collaborative action, private sector is a suitable counterpart for government. Since, it has a strong capabilities in terms of capital, knowledge and influence. Solusi Bangun Indonesia (SBI) as cement industry, which allegedly one of the biggest CO2 emitters, is taking part of empowering their surrounding community to develop their ability in adapting to climate change. Commitment on climate change adaptation and mitigation have been incorporated in SBI’s sustainability strategy as an integral part of its business risk strategy. It approaches for community resilience is through empowering and education, from 2015 to 2018 approximately 2 million people benefitted. This approach aligns with Sustainable Development Goal 13 and UN Development Program for Climate Adaption.
Initiative evacuation routes for earthquake hazard in the active Opak fault (Sengon Village, Klaten, Central Java)
Authors: Mardiatno D , Faida L R W , Kusumasari B , Handayani T , Susanto D , Malawani M N , Erlangga R I 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis research aimed to explain how the initiation process from the community reconstructs evacuation routes in high risk earthquake area. The study location took place in Sengon Village, Prambanan District, Klaten Regency. Sengon was located near Opak fault zone where experienced tremendous disaster in 2006. Since a decade, the mitigation infrastructure was very deficient. The community-based mitigation was not also available yet in this village. However, the community was highly potential to build disaster resilience since supports by the government. Route condition in Sengon was also greatly supportive to construct effective evacuation route. Based on identification and community planning, the evacuation route consisted of local road and tracking road. There were also found that eight places classified as secondary assembly shelters and two places classified as a primary evacuation shelter. The SWOT analysis was done for supporting the strategy to develop the evacuation infrastructure.