bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and biochemical outcome of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome managed with life style modification or combination with metformin
Authors: Nabi Md Masud Un , Pathan Md Faruque , Barua Milton , Kabir Md Mahmudul , Alam Md Jahangir , Jannut Khandker Mahbuba 
Published: February 2020

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder with diverse reproductive and metabolic features. It is caused by insulin resistance that is exacerbated by obesity. Lifestyle modification is the first line treatment in PCOS, but it is associated with low adherence and sustainability. In small studies, metformin improves outcomes such as menstrual cycle problem, reduces the features of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism) and metabolic parameters (lipid profile). This study aimed to compare clinical and biochemical outcome of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome managed with life style modification or combination with metformin.
Methods: This prospective interventional study was carried out at Endocrine OPD, BIRDEM, from November 2016 to March 2018. Newly detected cases of PCOS were taken as study sample. Sampling technique was purposive and then randomly selected into two groups; Group A (n=40) with lifestyle modification and Group B (n=40) with lifestyle modification plus metformin (500mg TDS). The clinical [weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, menstrual problem, hirsutism) and biochemical [serum testosterone, LH, FSH, fasting lipid profile] outcome of intervention with lifestyle modification and combination with metformin was studied.
Results: Baseline characteristics of both groups had no significant difference. After 12 months, there was significant improvement in hirsutism, menstrual problem and significant decrease in weight, BMI, waist circumference in both groups. Among hormonal profile there was significant reduction of testosterone in Group B (p=0.01), whereas LH, FSH and LH: FSH ratio showed no significant difference. There was significant improvement of HDL (in both groups) and reduction of triglyceride (TG) (p=0.005, in group B). Outcome differences between two groups had shown significant improvement in weight, BMI, testosterone, HDL, TG level and on menstrual regulation. But there was no significant difference in waist and Ferriman-Gallwayscore in between groups.
Conclusion: lifestyle management is the first and most important step in the management of PCOS and addition of metformin to lifestyle modification appears to provide additional advantages. These results suggest the combination of lifestyle with metformin has a role to play in weight management: a key concern for women with PCOS. Addition of metformin also causes reduction of TG and testosterone, which is vital for PCOS management and found in this study.
Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 26-33
Justification of Cesarean section in fetal distress: Experience in a tertiary care military hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Khanum Shakila , Chowdhury Liza 
Published: February 2020

Background: The trend of Caesarean section (CS) carried out is rising worldwide. One of the most common indications of CS is fetal distress which is based on the cardiotocograph (CTG) recording, abnormal fetal heart rate pattern and meconium stained liquor. The aim of this study was to carry out an audit of CS performed due to fetal distress in a tertiary care military hospital with a view to justify the methods for diagnosis of fetal distress to fetal outcome.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out over a period of 1 year and 6 months (July 2013 to January 2015) in the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka. All pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks of gestation who underwent CS for fetal distress were included. Neonatal outcome were assessed based on APGAR score and neonatal intensive care admission.
Results: Among the 260 (100%) women who underwent CS due to fetal distress, mean age was 27.8 ± 5.3 years. More than half (54.6%) of the women were primigravida. Majority (48%) of the patients presented with spontaneous onset of labor and in 43% cases labor was induced by medical methods. In the majority (40%) of the patients, fetal distress was diagnosed by seeing abnormal patterns in CTG. During CS, signs of fetal distress was found in the majority (64.6%) of the patients (meconium stained liquor 42.3%, cord abnormality 13.5% and placental abnormality 8.8%). APGAR score of the newborn babies was abnormal (<7) in the majority (60%) cases. More than half of the newborn babies required admission in neonatal intensive care unit for different diagnosis. There was only 4 (1.5%) cases of neonatal death.
Conclusion: The rate of CS for fetal distress in this study was comparable to other study findings and within recommendation of WHO. The high rate of identifiable causes of fetal distress as well as neonatal outcome justifies doing CS in these cases.
Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 60-63
Spontaneous muscle hematoma complicating dengue hemorrhagic fever: a case report
Authors: Haque Hasna Fahmima , Ahmed AKM Shaheen , Bashar Fuad Bin , Anjum Rizwana 
Published: February 2020

Dengue is endemic in Bangladesh and is an emerging infection in many parts of the world. Its clinical manifestations are wide spectrum, may present as mild fever to shock. Muscle hematomas are rare complications in dengue hemorrhagic fever. We report a case of 21-year-old male with dengue hemorrhagic fever who developed right sided iliacus muscle hematoma. He presented with fever, progressive thrombocytopenia and evidence of plasma leakage. During the recovery phase, he developed severe pain in right hip during movement. Diagnosis was confirmed by pelvic computed-tomography scan and he was managed conservatively.
Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 76-77
Skeletal Manifestations in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: Begum Mahmuda , Fatmi LE , Islam Khandaker Tarequl , Mehnaz Syeda , Huda SM Shamsul , Rahman Farhana 
Published: February 2020

Background: Skeletal manifestations associated with ALL in children are common findings with a high prevalence (11.6 to 50%). The most common skeletal manifestations are bone pain, arthritis, failure to use an extremity as well as other complaints mimicking orthopedic condition such as osteomyelitis. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of skeletal manifestations commonly present in ALL to reduce mortality and morbidity.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Pediatrics in Dhaka medical college Hospital, BSMMU and Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital between January 2010 to July 2010. Total Fifty patients of ALL were Selected consecutively from the study population. At first, we assessed skeletal manifestations like bone pain, arthritis, radiological findings present or not in ALL. Then specify the rate of bone pain, arthritis, radiological findings of ALL patients.
Results: After six months 35 patients were present with skeletal manifestations. Among them 20 patients, presented with bone pain,10 patients presented with arthritis and 5 patients presented with radiological manifestations. Out of 5 patients 3 patients had soft tissue swelling 1 patient had periarticular osteoporosis and 1 patient had joint effusion in x-ray findings.
Conclusion: Skeletal manifestations may be the only presentation in ALL.
Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (2) :102-105
Demography and symptom severity of obsessive compulsive disorder in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional observation
Authors: Algin Sultana , Sajib Mohammad Waliul Hasnat , Arafat SM Yasir 
Published: February 2020

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common disorder and usually runs a chronic course with waxing and waning course. It leads to pervasive impairments in multiple domains of life. The aim of the study was to assess the demographic characteristics of the OCD patients and symptom severity of this disorder. This was a cross-sectional study done in OCD clinic of outpatient department (OPD) of BSMMU, during the period from May, 2015 to April, 2017. Four hundred patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected consecutively. After taking written consent a predetermined questionnaire was filled for each patient through face-to-face interview. Then patients were evaluated covering the following areas: Axis I diagnoses (DSM-IV) and Y-BOCS severity scale. The results showed that, the mean age of the respondents was 26.6 (SD±9.9) years, ranging from 8 to 63 years. According to Y-BOCS symptoms severity used for adult patients found that majority (70%) of the patients had moderate to severe sufferings. Male had co-morbid anxiety disorders (panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia) more but female patients were found more depressive disorders. Female had more hypothyroidism, diabetes, skin disorders and hypertension than male. These demographic status, co-morbidity profile and symptoms severity can serve as the baseline data for a country like Bangladesh and further large scale, multi-centered study would better generalize the study results.
Bang J Psychiatry December 2016; 30(2): 23-26
Tourette’s disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder: a case report
Authors: Karim Muhammad Enayeth , Ruhie Zeenat Parvin , Mostofa Kazi Dider A , Islam Mohammad Shafiul , Roy Susmita 
Published: February 2020

Tourette’s disorder is a childhood onset neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics for at least one year in duration. Occasionally this disorder may be associated with obsessive compulsive disorder. This case was presented here to demonstrate the co-occurrence of these two disorders as well as the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment for the improvement of the condition. The case report described the history of a 21 years old male patient with 7 years history of Tourette’s disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder. He was seriously disabled by his symptoms that necessitated thorough evaluation to exclude causes, differential diagnoses and or any other co morbidities. Treatment with fluoxetine 60 mg daily and quitiapine 100 mg daily in divided dose improved his symptoms and he was able to return his functional life, that he had been mislaid because of his illness.
Bang J Psychiatry June 2017; 31(1): 24-26
Pattern of psychiatric morbidity among referred inpatients in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan Nasim , Maruf Mohammad Muntasir , Kauser Sharmin , Sarkar Mekhala , Sarker Md Masud Rana , Begum Anwara 
Published: February 2020

There is a dearth of studies related to consultation-liaison psychiatry in Bangladesh. The psychiatric referral rates in this country are very low, considering the higher rates of psychiatric morbidity in patients who attend various departments of a general hospital. This was a descriptive study consisting of all the cases referred for psychiatric consultation from inpatient units of various departments of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2018. Patients of any age and of either gender were included. A total of 673 patients (1.97% of total admission) were referred from different departments of the hospital for psychiatric consultation within the study period. Majority of the respondents were female. The mean age of the respondents was 59.47 (±1.98) years. Among the referred, Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was the diagnosis in 24.96%, followed by Major depressive disorder (MDD) in 9.95% cases. Referral from the department of Medicine and allied was 92.86 %, followed by department of Surgery and allied (6.38%) & department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (0.74%). Frequency of referral was the lowest in the months of November to January. There is a need to encourage multi-disciplinary interaction in the management of patients who attend general hospitals, so as to better identify the psychiatric morbidity.
Bang J Psychiatry December 2017; 31(2): 38-42
Predator performance of Coccinella transversalis and its molecular identification
Authors: Sarker Susmita , Howlader Abdul Jabber , Rain Faria Farhana , Md Aslam Abu Faiz 
Published: February 2020

Predatory efficacy of Coccinella transversalis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on three detrimental agriculturally important aphids (Aphis craccivora, A. fabae and A. gossypii) was studied under laboratory condition. The 4th instar larvae of C. transversalis consumed highest (21.56 ± 1.72) number of A. craccivora aphids followed by A. fabae (12.33 ± 1.74) and A. gossypii (13.99 ± 0.77). Life cycle studies of C. transversalis on the above three aphid species revealed that it took maximum (27.66 ± 3.06) days to complete life cycle while reared on A. craccivora followed by A. fabae (25.66 ± 0.58 days) and A. gossypii (22.33 ± 1.52 days) respectively. As C. transversalis is a potential predator, an attempt was taken to identify this biological control agent based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene sequence. Sequenced gene was submitted to the NCBI GenBank database (Accession NO. MG 587947.1) followed by proper procedure. Phylogenetic relationship of the beetle was constructed based on mitochondrial COI gene. The nucleotide composition analysis revealed that the value of A+T (69.3%) was greater than G+C (30.7%). Such study of C. transversalis would be helpful in biological control programme of aphid pest.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 229-241, 2019
Occurrence of parasites in domestic ducks from rural areas of Narayanganj
Authors: Begum Aleya , Mukutmoni Mandira , Akter Farjana , Sehrin Subrina 
Published: February 2020

Thirty six domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) were examined to observe the occurrence of ecto and endoparasites. Altogether seven species of ectoparasites namely Anaticola crassicornis, Lipeurus caponis, Goniocotes hologaster, Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus, Holomenopon leucpxanthum and Dermanyssus gallinae were observed and identified. L. caponis showed the highest prevalence both in male and female (100%). Mean intensity of A. crassicornis in female ducks was the highest (14.5 ± 2.36) followed by L. caponis (12.5 ± 3.21). The lowest mean intensity was of G. hologaster (2.5 ± 1.41) in male ducks. Prevalence of D. gallinae was higher in male (62.5%) than in female (40%). The maximum percentage of ectoparasites was recovered from wing feather (38.62) followed by trunk (23.85) and skin (23.44). Among the endoparasites, the occurrence of cestodes (77.78%) was the highest with the topmost intensity (51.43 ± 4.88). The highest prevalence was of Hymenolepis columbae and Hymenolepis diminuta (60%). Echinoparyphium recurvatum, Echinostoma revolutum and Tracheohilus sisowi showed the similar prevalence (30%) in male ducks. Patagifer bilobus showed the peak mean intensity in both the male and female ducks. Only one species of nematode, Ascaridia galli was recovered. The maximum endohelminths were found in the small intestine (48.30%) followed by duodenum (31.36%) and rectum (15.32%).
Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 315-323, 2019
Postoperative complications of inguinal hernia surgery
Authors: Ashrafuzzaman Md , Bhattacharjee Avisak 
Published: February 2020

Inguinal hernia surgery is a common operation. It has some negative deviation in its postoperative course. Some immediate and chronic complication can make the doom like situation for both patients and surgeons. Regarding the etiology of these complications; debate still exists. Two main objectives of the study was to determine the frequency of postoperative complications of inguinal hernia surgery as well as their level of severity. The study was conducted among the patients admitted at department of Surgery in Rajbari District Hospital. The study period was 24 months; started from January 2015 to December 2016. The patients were enrolled by purposive sampling. A pre-structured, peer-reviewed data collection sheet was used as a tool to record data regarding socio-demographic clinical, surgical and post operative profile. After taking informed written consent all patients were sent for the pre-anesthetic check up. Lichtenstein tension free mesh hernioplasty was done by consultant surgeon. Injection ceftriaxone single dose i/v was used as prophylactic antibiotic. Here in all cases prolene mesh was used manufactured by Jhonson & Jhonson. Data were compiled, edited, analyzed and plotted into tabular and figure form. Out of 124 patients, 37.09% from 21-30 years age group whereas 29.83% from 31-40 years age group. The mean age was 28.79±7.16 years (age range: 17-69 years). Out of 124 patients 34.67% were day laborer, 23.39% were transport laborer and 16.93% were service holder. Among them 26.61% patients admitted as emergency cases and rest 73.38% was admitted as routine cases. After surgery, 26(20.97%) patients experienced post operative complication. Among them 8(30.76%), 6(23.07%) and 12(46.15%) had early, medium and late complications respectively. Besides, 12(46.15%) were categorized as Clavien-Dindo Grade-I whereas 10(38.46%) were categorized as Grade-II 2(7.69%) patients each were categorized as IIIa and IIIb. Emergency admission (46.15%) was the major risk factor. Higher ASA grade, emergency admission, pre-existing pain, severe depression, pre-existing uncontrolled DM and some drugs as such as clopidogrel and aspirin are the significant preoperative risk factors. Pre-existing uncontrolled DM and drug effects can not be corrected in case of emergency surgery.
Bangladesh Med J. 2018 Jan; 47 (1): 22-27
Immediate response of human dental pulp capped with mineral trioxide aggregate, Portland cement and biodentin
Authors: Bashar AKM , Kabir A.K.M Nurul , Rizdina Rozina Akhter , Ghosh Ranjit , Biswas Ashis Kumar , Rahman Md. Mizanur 
Published: February 2020

Background: The initial inflammatory reaction of pulp capping materials on the dental pulp has an intimate relation in promoting the future cellular differentiation and biomaterial mineralisation. So, analysis of immediate pulpal tissue reaction in vivo, is also important for evaluation of ultimate efficacy any pulp capping agent. To observe immediate inflammatory response of Human Dental Pulp capped with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentin and Portland Cement (PC).
Methods: A total of 70 permanent premolars teeth planned to be extracted for orthodontic alignment of occlusion were used as study sample. The teeth were divided into 3 experimental groups, MTA (n=20), Biodentin (n=20) Portland cement (n=20) and control group (n=10). After having an occlusal exposure of approximately 1.5 mm in diameter; in group A, pulp of teeth was capped with 2-mm-thick layer of ProRoot White MTA (Dentsply) and in group B, with sterile Biodentin (Septodont) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Whereas in group C, pulp of teeth was capped with sterile Portland Cement (PC). After placing the experimental material in each group, all teeth restored with glass i‹xiomer cement. After 24 hours the teeth were extracted, fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution, then decalcified by 10% nitric acid and embedded in paraffin. Finally, sectioned into 2 to 3-micron-thick serial sections in the linguo-buccal plane and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. After then the amount of pulp inflammation (type, intensity, and extension) were determined by using a predetermined evaluation criterion under an optical microscope at 40a magnification. Ten intact teeth, which received no exposure and pulp capping but extracted due to orthodontic purpose were also collected and treated as the control group (group D); undergone same histologic preparation and evaluation. Significantstatistical differences among the experimental groups were to be found (p<0.05).
Results: Histologically, all the three tested materials produced immediate pulpal tissue reaction. ‘Biodentin’ found to be most immediate pulpal tissue reactive (reactive in 100% cases) and ‘Portland Cement’ showed least immediate tissue reaction (only in 30.0% cases). whereas, MTA produced immediate tissue reaction only in 50.0% cases. Immediate pulpal inflammatory reaction in response to tested material found to be statistically significant different between ‘Biodentin’ and ‘Portland cmient’ (p=0.01), also between ‘Biodentin’ and ‘MTA’ and (p=0.001); but there was no statistically significant difference between ‘MTA’ and ‘Portland cement’ (p =0.197).
Conclusion: Considering the maximum immediate pulpal tissue reaction (Inflammation), Biodentin is expected to produce most favorable ultimate bioactivity (biomaterial mineralization) after pulp capping.
Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2019; 45: 108-116
Barriers to Access Reproductive Health Care Services by Urban Women
Authors: Rahman Md Mahbubur , Rahman Md Shafiqur , Uddin Abu Noman Mohammed Mosleh , Ferdousi Shammi Sultana , Nahar Nargis , Parveen Shahajadi Shanjida 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Health care is a continuous care from womb to tomb. Bangladesh has made tremendous achievement in the health sector over the last few decades. Early marriage, perception about pregnancy and high financial cost are the factors for less utilization of health care services. Many other barriers like gender inequality, cultural norms and traditions are important barriers too for seeking reproductive health care services. Objectives: To further unpack the pattern of dynamic social barriers faced by urban women in accessing reproductive health care services, which in turn may assist the service stakeholders to design programs to overcome the barriers.
Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive empirical social study was executed in Dhaka city from January 2019 to April 2019. Interviewer administered face to face in depth interview was employed to collect data from 122 samples, estimated by peer review and picked up by haphazard sampling, from among married women of reproductive age 15-45years. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20. Emic and etic interpretation were done on the information generated. All ethical issues were taken care of. Results: The perceived barriers to antenatal, natal, postnatal care and family planning practices were poverty, ignorance and husband non co-operation. As many as 78.7% respondents were house wives, about 71.0% respondent’s age at marriage was 13- 18 years, 36.1% were qualified up to intermediate level, 53.3% are 25-35yrs age group, 80% received antenatal care, 32% gone for home delivery and 68.7% were unwilling for postnatal care services. The present study found that ignorance and poverty were the main reasons for non-utilizing health care facilities.
Conclusion: There is scope to improve the utilization of reproductive health care services of urban women. Social and cultural barriers are more common. Health care services are needed to be scaled up and the health education component should be strengthened in health care delivery system to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG).
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(2) 2017: 7-10