bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Surgical Planning and Pre-operative Simulation for Maxillofacial Reconstruction with 3D Printing Technology in Tumor-affected Facial Deformity
Authors: Kim Gyeong-Man , Bayleyegn Masreshaw Demelash , Kim Song-Jung 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe high anatomical complexity of maxillofacial defects caused by tumor can pose a formidable challenge for clinicians when designing an appropriate plan for surgical reconstruction. The intention of this work was to restore the complex anatomy with maximum possible facial functionality and aesthetics of the patient. Based on the medical images generated by computed tomography (CT) scan an optimal therapeutic planning for complex maxillofacial reconstruction was designed. MethodFirstly, the volumetric data sets were carefully evaluated and deeply inspected for accurate diagnosis. Regarding 3D visualization of the CT scan images 3D virtual models for regions of interest were created using a special software of 3D Slicer. Using the resulting 3D virtual models a well-defined virtual surgical planning was generated for multiple surgical procedures, including the osteotomies for bone defects, harvesting autogenous bone graft and creating a customized implant. ResultsThe relevant patient-specific anatomical models for real surgery were translated into the 3D printed physical models, with which the surgeons can rehearse the surgery before coming into the operating room. Precisely defined multiple surgeries for complex maxillofacial reconstruction were proposed in this research that could be transferred to the real-time surgery. ConclusionsThe proposed surgical approach will be beneficial both for the surgeons and patient, including improvement in surgical precision and outcomes, reduction in operating time, as well as understanding surgical procedures and decision making etc.
Comparison Between Sarcopenia and Frailty as Predictors of Postoperative Complications: 65 Years and Older Non-Cardiac Surgery Cohort Study
Authors: Shema Astrid Bicamumpaka , Forget Marie-France , Bouchard Maude , Bellemare Laurence , Afilalo Jonathan , Mullie Louis-Antoine , Ghali Rafik , Wang Han Ting 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSarcopenia and frailty are two different concepts with specific measures. Nonetheless, they share similarities. Whether one is a better predictor of postoperative adverse outcomes in older adults has not been well studied. Our main objective was to evaluate the psoas muscle index (PMI), used as a surrogate for sarcopenia, and the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) association with postoperative complications incidence. Our secondary objective was to evaluate the correlation between PMI and CFS in a cohort of non-cardiac surgery patients. MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational cohort study. Patients 65 years and older undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery in a tertiary academic center were included. Right and left psoas areas were measured on a CT scan at the fourth lumbar vertebra body level, and the sum was normalized for squared height (PMI). Sarcopenia was defined as PMI lowest tertile. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program defined postoperative complications. We performed a negative binomial regression analysis to assess the association with postoperative complications and compared the model fit using the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Correlation between PMI and CFS was analyzed using the Spearman correlation.ResultsA total of 78 patients were included. Median PMI was 6.23 cm2/m2 (interquartile range (IQR): 5.29 – 7.21 cm2/m2) for women and 7.77 cm2/m2 (IQR: 6.49 – 8.55 cm2/m2) for men. In multivariate analysis, lower PMI tertile was significantly associated with an increasing number of complications (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 2.26, confidence interval (CI 95%): 1.01 – 5.56, p = 0.048) while CFS was not. AIC was lower with the PMI model compared to the CFS model. The correlation coefficient between PMI and CSF was -0.241 (p = 0.044).ConclusionsIn our cohort, PMI was a better predictor of postoperative complications than CFS. The correlation between PMI and CFS was weak. An objective measure of sarcopenia, compared to the broader concept of frailty, might be an easier way to identify patients with higher risks of complications. Trial registrationRetrospective ethics approval
First Molecular Detection of Human Pathogen Rickettsia Raoultii in Ticks from Republic of Korea
Authors: Tariq Misbah , Seo Jun-Won , Kim Da Young , Yun Na Ra , Lee You Mi , Kim Choon-Mee , Kim Dong-Min 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Rickettsial diseases, associated with the spotted fever group (SFG), constitute a growing number of newly identified rickettsia pathogens and their tick vectors, in various parts of the world. At least 15 distinct tick species owing to six genera have shown the presence of Rickettsia raoultii. Here, we report the detection of R. raoultii in ticks from the Republic of Korea (ROK).Methods: A total of 35 ticks, collected from patients of tick bites in Gwangju Metropolitan City, Jeollanam Province, ROK. The ticks were were identified through their molecular, morphological, and taxonomic characteristics. All samples were screened by nested polymerase chain reactions of their outer membrane protein (ompA) and citrate synthase (gltA) genes. The amplified products were sequenced and their phylogenetic analyses were carried out.Results: Sequencing data showed that the DNA sequences of R. raoultii found in the three H. longicornis ticks. All 3 tick samples were 99.4-100% analogous to the previously reported partial sequences of ompA of R. raoultii strains CP019435 and MF002523, forming a single clade with the reference strains.Conclusions: Present study provides the first description and molecular identification of R. raoultii detected in H. longicornis ticks in ROK. This observation extends the geographical distribution of R. raoultii. Screening of human samples for this pathogen will provide information about the prevalence of rickettsial infection in this region.
Conservational Tree Growing by Smallholder Farm Households: Evidence from Gamo Highlands of Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Massa Malebo Mancha , Mosa Abdulaziz Abdulsemed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Deforestation and environmental degradation were identified among the leading factors worsening risk exposure in developing countries. Conservational tree growing was found a permissible option and an awake up policy direction to curve down the problem in Ethiopia. However, the uptake of this practice is far from complete and the art has not been made to a level that could make households self-reliant at least in tree resources, particularly in the highlands. This study was aimed at identifying the main decisive factors that potentially influence conservational tree growing behavior of smallholder farm households in Gamo highlands of Southern Ethiopia.Methods: The study was based on survey data collected from 11 villages in 2011/2012. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 335 farm households. A structured interview schedule and observation were used to collect primary data. Descriptive and inferential statistics and Logistic regression model were used to analyze the data.Results: The key findings showed that a host of factors significantly influenced smallholders’ decision to practice conservational tree growing. The study found that tree growing experience, age of the household head, farm size, and availability of suitable land area for tree growing and cash income from sales of trees were the significant factors explaining the variation in conservational tree growing behavior of households. The study also observed that indigenous social and cultural organizations and religious and old-aged funeral sites were the homes for old-aged but live indigenous tree species than private farms.Conclusion: Based on the findings, the study concluded that intra-farmer experience sharing, and support to efficient indigenous institutions and rural tree markets as potential entry points for mitigating deforestation, improving forestry, and developing environmentally sustainable agriculture.
Adoption and Handling Information Communication Technology as Instrumental Activities of Daily Living for Aging-in-Place in Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Lai Frank HY , Tong Angela Yuk-chung , Yan Elaine Wai-hung , Fung Ada Wai-tung , Yu Kathy Ka-ying , Tsui Wing Sze , Lai Cynthia Yuen-yi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
(Background) The use of information communication technology and smartphone application are crucial to individuals’ functional independence of community living. Previous studies did not reveal how older adults’ in applying the information communication technology will affect their aging-in-place in our contemporary community. (Methods) This study aimed at developing the psychometric properties of the instrument named Advanced Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (AIADL), and to explore the adoption and handling information communication technology in instrumental activities of daily living for aging-in-place of older adults. 100 home-living participants who are functionally and socially independent, 100 hostel-living participants who are functionally independent but need social assistance, and 100 care-and-attention home living participants who need environment support and assistance in daily functioning were recruited for this study. (Results) AIADL showed good test-retest reliability and good-to-excellent internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure with “home living and management” and “community living”. Validity analysis with the known-groups method showed a high overall accuracy of prediction of individuals’ capability of independent living in the community. (Conclusions) AIADL is a valid and reliable instrument to assess older adults’ ability in handling contemporary instrumental activities in their daily life. This instrument can serve as a reference in measuring individuals’ ability of aging-in-place.
Family Function and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Low-Income Residents with Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in Central China
Authors: Wang Xiao-Xiao , Zhang Wen-Yan , Zhang Meng , Zhou Jing , Mao Zhong-Min , Liu Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Backgroud Family is the most important social support available to hypertensive patients, which may affect their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and health outcomes. However, data on the relationship between family function and HRQOL among hypertensive residents are sparse, particularly for those low-income residents with hypertension. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of family function on physical and mental health among low-income residents with hypertension in Central China, and to explore the independent contributions of socio-demographic variables, health-related factors and family function to each domain of HRQOL. Methods This cross-sectional, community-based survey, studied 295 low-income residents with hypertension. Family function was measured using the Family APGAR Index (Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, and Resolve). HRQOL was assessed using the SF-12 Questionnaire. Clustered multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the independent contributions of family function to each domain of HRQOL.Results 35.90% of low-income hypertensive residents had highly functional family. Multiple regression analyses showed that those with higher Family APGAR scores obtained higher general health (β=0.168, P=0.008), bodily pain(β=0.167, P=0.008), mental component summary (β=0.330, P<0.001), role limitations due to emotional problems (β=0.138, P=0.022), mental health (β=0.302, P<0.001), vitality (β=0.264, P<0.001), and social function (β=0.312, P<0.001) scores, whereas no independent contribution of family function to physical component summary was observed. On these subscales, the independent contributions of family function accounted for 15.75%, 14.29%, 39.63%, 5.47%, 94.67%, 51.92% and 57.58%, respectively (more than all socio-demographic and health-related variables in the MH, VT and SF domains). Conclusion Family function was significantly associated with HRQOL among low-income hypertensive residents. This relation holds for both mental component summary and each of its individual domains, as well as partial physical domains.
Transition from Metabolically Healthy to Unhealthy Associated with Risk of Carotid Artery Plaque in Chinese Adults
Authors: Tan Tao , Zhou Yiquan , Wan Yanping , Fan Zhuping , Xu Renying , Gao Xiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Limited data focused the transition from metabolically healthy to metabolic abnormalities on future risk of developing carotid artery plaque (CAP). We aimed to evaluate the association between the shift of metabolic status and future risk of CAP in community-based Chinese adults.Methods: Blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, lipid profiles, and carotid artery B ultrasonography were annually assessed throughout the study. Metabolically healthy were defined as participants without history of metabolic diseases and cancer but with normal value of aforementioned parameters at baseline (2013). If any of these parameters became abnormal during follow up, it was considered as the transition. Results: Included were 9,836 Chinese adults (4,085 males and 5,751 females) who were metabolically healthy at baseline aged 35.8±9.0 years. The most two common types of metabolic abnormalities during five years of follow up was high blood pressure (cumulative proportion: 36.4%) and impaired glucose regulation (20.1%). We have identified 133 incident cases of CAP during follow up. Compared to those who remained metabolically healthy, the transition to high blood pressure, high total cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein cholesterols, or dyslipidemia was associated with high risk of developing carotid artery plaque (Hazards ratios (HRs) ranged from 1.69 to 2.34; p<0.05 for all). The transition to impaired glucose regulation, high total triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterols, was associated with high risk of carotid artery plaque only in participants with metabolically healthy overweight at baseline (HR ranged from 1.95 to 4.62; p <0.05 for all).Conclusions: The transition from baseline metabolically healthy to metabolic abnormalities, was associated with high risk of incident carotid artery plaque.
Role of TROP2, Cyclin D1 and FOXP3 in Bladder Carcinoma in Egyptian Patients: An Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Al-sharaky Dalia Rifaat , Abdelwahed Moshira Mohammed , Kassem Hend Ahmad Abdou , Abdelnaby Abdelnaby Saied 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn Egypt, Urinary bladder carcinoma is a common malignancy accounting for 14.3% of total malignancies in both sexes with 3:1 male to female ratio. It comprises 88.3% of the total urinary system tumors. To reduce bladder cancer morbidity and mortality there is an urgent need to identify novel tumor marker which are specific enough for prognosis and can serve as effective anticancer targets .Therefore the purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of TROP2, CYCLIN D1, FOXP3 and their relationship with the established clinico-pathological parameters and overall survival of bladder cancer in Egyptian patientsMethodsUsing the standard immunohistochemical technique, TROP2, CYCLIN D1 and FOXP3 expression in 80 primary bladder carcinomas and 20 specimens as non neoplastic group were assessed. The bladder carcinoma cases included 50 cases with muscle invasive bladder cancer and 30 cases with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer ResultsOverexpression of both TROP2 and FOXP3 implied poor prognostic impact as significantly associated with muscle invasive bladder cancer, high grade, advanced stage, lymph node involvement and high mitotic count. Cyclin D1 displayed an inverse relation with both TROP2 and FOXP3 reflecting a favorable prognostic impact. Tumoral FOXP3 expression is directly correlated with peritumoral FOXP3+ lymphocytes expression. TROP2, CYCLIN D1, FOXP3 expression didn’t affect the overall survival of the studied sample.ConclusionsThe inverse relation between Cyclin D1 and TROP2 proposes consumption of Cyclin D1 by TROP2 as a ligand in the urinary bladder carcinogenesis. Strong diffuse overexpression of both TROP2, and FOXP3 could be promising potential biomarkers for identifying patients with poor prognostic factors in bladder cancer serving as potential targets for cancer therapy.
Conventional Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma With Intralobular Lymphatic Dissemination Shows More Aggressive Features
Authors: Lei Yuanyuan , Huang Wenting , Yu Qiuxiao , Feng Sha , Shen Guihua , Yuan Lijuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the invasive capability and other clinicopathological features of conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma (CVPTC) with intralobular lymphatic dissemination.Methods: Seventy-three CVPTC patients receiving total thyroidectomy were analyzed in this study. The expression of BRAF-V600E, D2-40 and CD31 in all thyroid samples was detected by immunohistochemical staining (IHC). The results were evaluated by two pathologists and were statistically analyzed. In addition, the rate of positive BRAF-V600E expression and the clinical invasiveness of CVPTC with intralobular dissemination (ID-CVPTC), multiple primary CVPTC (MP-CVPTC) and single focus CVPTC (SF-CVPTC) were evaluated. The correlation between BRAF-V600E expression, lymphatic vessel density (LVD), microvessel density (MVD) and the clinicopathological characteristics of CVPTC were assessed.Results: Twenty-five ID-CVPTC, 17 MP-CVPTC and 31 SF-CVPTC cases were included in this study. The positive expression rate of BRAF-V600E in ID-CVPTC (92.0%) was significantly higher than that in MP-CVPTC (70.6%) and SF-CVPTC (71.0%), while no significant difference in expression between MP-CVPTC and SF-CVPTC was detected (P > 0.05). The expression of BRAF-V600E was not related to clinicopathological features, including age, gender, lymph node metastasis (LNM), bilateral involvement, presence of vascular tumor thrombus, capsule invasion, nerve invasion or the maximum tumor diameter (P > 0.05). The LVD in the ID-CVPTC group (9.74 ± 2.98) was higher than that in the non-ID-CVPTC group (7.46 ± 2.5) (P < 0.05). Compared with cases without adenolobar dissemination, ID-CVPTC was associated with a younger age, higher LNM rate, and increased capsule and vessel invasiveness (P < 0.05).Conclusions: ID-CVPTC shows more aggressive features, and intralobular lymphatic dissemination may be a potential biological indicator of poor prognosis.
Selection and Evaluation of Suitable Tree Species in Drought and High-dust Coal Base in Northwest China
Authors: Zhu Xiaofang , Cao Bing , WANG XING , Zhao Siming , Zhang Hao , Gao Deping , Duan Yongfeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To select drought-resistant and dust-tolerant tree species suitable for being planted in a drought-ridden and high-dust coal base in northwest China, we used nine tree species to determine the growth status, biomass, harm index, and photosynthetic characteristics under drought and highly dusty stress conditions. The results showed that in the drought resistance index system, their cumulative contribution rate reached 98.1%, and the drought resistance order was Ammopiptanthus mongolicus > Hedysarum scoparium > Sabina vulgaris >Caragana korshinskii > Ulmus pumila > Amorpha fruticosa > Caryopteris mongholica > Tamarix chinensis > Elaeagnus angustifolia. In the dust resistance index system, the cumulative contribution rate reached 95.2%. The dust resistance order was Caragana korshinskii > Amorpha fruticosa > Sabina vulgaris > Hedysarum scoparium > Tamarix chinensis > Ammopiptanthus mongolicus > Ulmus pumila > Caryopteris mongholica > Elaeagnus angustifolia. In the drought and dust resistance comprehensive index system, 14 indices (shoot length, stomatal conductance, and POD) had larger weights and the cumulative contribution of comprehensive indices reached 100%. The drought and dust resistance order of the test tree species was Caragana korshinskii > Ulmus pumila > Amorpha fruticosa > Sabina vulgaris > Caryopteris mongholica > Ammopiptanthus mongolicus > Hedysarum scoparium > Tamarix chinensis > Elaeagnus angustifolia. These results provided a reference for the selection of suitable greening tree species in accordance with local conditions in drought-mining areas.
Long-Term Bacterial Fertilizer Application Improves Eucalyptus Growth and Yields through Altering Soil Quality
Authors: Ren Han , Qin Xiaohong , Lv Chengqun , Fernández-García Víctor , Xie Chuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sludge and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are widely used to improve soil quality and plant growth. In this study we aim to determine the responses of soil enzyme activities, soil nutrient contents and plant growth to fertilization with sludge and PGPR (Bacillus megaterium strain DU07). To achieve this goal, we planted bare-root eucalyptus seedlings with soil amended with (1) filtered sludge from sugar factory (FS), (2) filtered sludge + PGPR (BF) and (3) non-amended soil (control). Soil properties (soil nutrients and soil extracellular enzymatic activities) and eucalyptus growth (diameter, height and stem volume) were studied 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after treatments. Results indicated that BF significantly increased plant height, diameter, and stem volume after the sixth month. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that soil quality was significantly increased by BF during our trial period, especially after the ninth month. The pooled regression model indicated that soil quality significantly and positively affected eucalyptus yield, whereas soil TN was negatively and significantly related to plant stem volume. Hence, our study indicates that the application of a bacterial fertilizer increases plant growth and yield via increasing soil quality. Thus, our findings suggest that PGPR amendments could be useful as bio-fertilizer to improve soil-plant interactions in eucalyptus plantations.
The Role of CBLL1 in the Prognosis and Immune Infiltration of Pan-Cancer
Authors: Guo Qiang , Li Dan , Ji Yanmei , Guo Jialong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the role of CBLL1 in pan-carcinoma and tumor immune infiltrates. MethodsDownload mRNA expression, mutation and clinical data in UCSC database, to analyze the relationship between CBLL1 expression and clinicopathological vlaue, and immune microenvironment in pan-cancer. CIBERSORT was used to analyze the relationship between CBLL1 expression and the infiltration of pan-carcinoma immune cells. The mRNA expression data of UCSC database were used to analyze the correlation between CBLL1 expression and pan-cancer immunomodulations, checkpoints and receptor molecules. ResultsThe levels of CBLL1 mRNA expression in pan-cancer tissues were abnormal. The level of CBLL1 is related to the age, race, clinical stage and treatment effect of patients with pan-carcinoma and associated with the prognosis of patients with KIRC, LUSC, THCA, THYM, MESO, PRAD, STAD, and UVM. Univariate COX regression analysis showed that expression of CBLL1 was a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with KICH, KIRC, LAML, THYM, KIRC, PCPG, OV, PRAD, STAD, GBM and UVM. The expression level of CBLL1 was correlated with BLCA, BRCA, COAD, LAML, LGG, LUAD, LUSC, SARC, STAD, THCA, THYM and UVM tumor mutational burden, and with ACC, BRCA, CESC, COAD, DLBC, HNSC, PRAD, READ, SARC, STAD, TGCT, THCA and UCEC microsatellite instability. The expression level of CBLL1 was correlated with cancer stromal cells and immune cells. The expression of CBLL1 is related to pan-cancer immunomodulators, checkpoints and receptor molecules. ConclusionCBLL1 is abnormally expressed in patients with pan-carcinoma, which is expected to be a biomarker for prognosis, mutation and immune infiltration in patients with pan-carcinoma.