bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery of 65 Organophosphorus Pesticides from Florisil with a New Solvent Elution System
Authors: Beckman Herman , Garber Dennis 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The recoveries of 65 organophosphorus pesticides from Florisil have been measured. The data include reports of minimum detectable amounts of each compound on a comparable basis, the elution solvent syst em used, the elution pattern of the compounds, and a look into the structureactivity and structure-sensitivity relationships among the compounds. The compounds are divided into six groups based on the type of substituents associated with the phosphorus. A discussion of the significant points that were observed is given along with the tables of data.
Colorimetric Determination of Aklomide (2-Chloro-4-Nitrobenzamide) in Poultry Feed
Authors: George Glenn M , Daftsios A C , Morrison Joseph L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The coccidiostat aklomide is extracted from feed with methanol and assayed colorimetrically by reduction of the nitro group to anamine with titanium trichloride and subsequent color development with t he Bratton-Marshall reaction. Thirteen laboratories studied the method collaboratively on two levels of medicated feed. Overall average recovery was 106.5% of the oretical for the low level and 104.5% of the oretical for the high level. The method is recommended for adoption as official first action
Tar and Nicotine in Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Pillsbury H C , Bright C C , O"Connor K J , Irish F W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Cigarettes were conditioned 24 hr at 75°F and 60% relative humidity prior to being selected and smoked in a random order. Cigarettes were smoked in a Cambridge filter holder on an automatic smoking machine to a pre-determined butt length. TPM wet collection was on a CM113A filter disk and was determined as the net weight gain in the Cambridge filter holder after smoking. The filter pads were extracted with dioxane-isopropanol solution and were analyzed for moisture by gas chromatography. The pads and solvent extracts were steam distilled and the distillate was analyzed spectrophotometrically for nicotine. TPM dry was calculated as TPM wet minus nicotine and water. The coefficient of variation in this method is less than 5% with a 95% confidence level.
Comparison of White Gasoline and n-Heptane for Recovery of Insect Fragments and Rodent Hairs from Food Products
Authors: Thrasher Joel J , Brickey Paris M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A study is described in which re-heptane is compared with gasoline as flotation oils from water and alcohol lower phases. n-heptane, containing less than 4% toluene, gave higher and more reproducible insect fragment and rodent hair recoveries than gasoline when used with an alcohol lower phase. Recoveries were comparable between n-heptane and gasoline when used with a water lower phase. In both cases filter papers were cleaner or contained equal amounts of plant debris as obtained with gasoline. It is recommended that re-heptane replace gasoline for use as the flotation oil in alcohol and water extractions, and that "n-heptane# replace the word "gasoline# in method 36.002(o).
Collaborative Study on the Quantitative Gas Chromatographic Determination of Lactic and Succinic Acids in Eggs
Authors: Staruszkiewicz Walter F 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A GLC method developed for the quantitative determination of lactic and succinic acids was studied collaboratively by six laboratories. Extracts of 25-50 g egg, with 1-86 mg lactic and 0.4–50 m g succinic acids added, were prepared in our laboratory by present AOAC procedures. The collaborators analyzed the extracts by formation of the propyl esters through reaction with BF3-ra-propyl alcohol reagent. Gas chromatography was performed with acetophenone as internal standard on a diethylene glycol succinate column using a flame ionization detector. The resulting peak heights were used to quantitate the acids. For samples containing less than 10 mg lactic acid and less than 14 mg succinic acid, 28 of 30 determinations were within 1.0 mg of the known a mounts . The standard deviations for these samples were all less than 0.6 mg. The overall per cent recovery for all samples averaged 105.2% for lactic acid and 101.9% for succinic acid. The method seems to give reliable results and to be as practicable as the AOAC methods.
Collaborative Study of the Determination of Boron as Boric Acid in Caviar
Authors: Brunstad Joan W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Caviar containing boric acid at the 0.5% level was subjected to an interlaboratory study. Boron is quantitatively determined as the boron-curcumin color complex in the 0-5 jug range. Qualitative determination of boron in the 1–3 ng range is achieved using TLC. A prepared sample of caviar and an actual import sample were analyzed simultaneously. The methods are recommended for adoption as official first action.
Bratton-Marshall Reagent for the Detection of Substituted Urea Herbicides and Metabolites on TLC Plates
Authors: Onley John H , Yip George 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Bratton-Marshall reagent is used in a thin layer chromatographic analysis for eight substituted urea herbicides (chloroxuron, diuron, fenuron, fluometuron, linuron, metobromuron, monuron, and neburon) and some major metabolites in crop samples. Samples are cleaned up by a previously described procedure, spotted on alumina plates, and developed. All compounds are made visible by hydrolyzing, diazotizing, and spraying with N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine. Immediately, characteristic pink-to-purple spots appear for all compounds against a light background. The least amount of compound detected, as a standard, is 0.1 μg. Recoveries on apples, asparagus, corn, grapes, pineapples, and green beans at fortification levels of 0.025 to 2.0 ppm arc estimated to be greater than 70%.
Alkaline Pre-Column for Use in Gas Chromatographic Pesticide Residue Analysis
Authors: Miller George A , Wells Clyde E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An alkaline pre-column is described for use with gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of pesticide residues. The alkaline layer is contained in one side of a column with dual injection ports so that it can be used when additional information is needed for better chromatogram interpretation. The alkaline pre-column destroys some pesticides, changes the retention times of others, and leaves some unaltered. Many troublesome crop peaks are eliminated, thereby permitting quantitation and/or identification of many pesticide residues. Physical column characteristics are described and relative retention time data are reported for 32 commonly found pesticides.
Extraction of Plant Sterols from Adulterated Butter Oil Using a Digitonin-Impregnated Celite Column
Authors: LaCroix Denis E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The phytosterol, β-sitosterol, can be used as an index of adulteration of butter oil with vegetable oils. A rapid, semimicro method for the analysis of plant sterols in butter oil adulterated with vegetable oils is described. The sterols are removed from the adulterated butter oil by passing the sample through a digitonin-impregnated Celite 545 column, eluted with dimethyl sulfoxide, and analyzed for β-sitosterol by GLC, using a 3% JXR column. The amount of β-sitosterol extracted from samples of butter oils adulterated with 5% levels of cottonseed, soybean, peanut, and safllower oils compare favorably with the β-sitosterol values obtained from equivalent amounts of each of the respective vegetable oils which were tested. As little as 3 mg β-sitosterol/100 g butter oil can be readily detected by this method.
Proposed Revision for Preparation of Meat Samples for Total Phosphorus Determination
Authors: Okamoto M , Shafer J W , Ettinger C L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Six ham samples were analyzed in duplicate by nine laboratories for total phosphorus. The samples were dried and ashed in a muffle furnace at 550°C according to method 2.017(c) and the proposed method. The gravimetric quinoline molybdate method, 2.025(b), was used to determine total phosphorus in both preparations. No statistically significant difference (p = 0.05) was found among the phosphorus values obtained by the above treatments.
Paper Chromatographic Detection of Major Organic Acids in Fruit Juices
Authors: Fitelson J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The official AOAC paper chromatographic method for organic acids in vanilla extract has been modified slightly for fruit juices. Fruit juices are characterized by simple major organic acid patterns, so that addition of a foreign acid or cheaper fruit juices can frequently be detected by significant changes in the major organic acid pattern. A standard acid solution, developed simultaneously, provides a rough measure of the acid spot intensities. Eight collaborators participated in the examination of the two samples submitted. Two authentic juices were also provided for comparison purposes. All collaborators correctly found the unknown cherry juice to be adulterated with citric acid. Seven of the eight collaborators also reported correctly that the unknown blackberry juice was adulterated, although the acid pattern of this juice is more complicated and the addition of citric acid is more difficult to detect. The method is recommended for adoption as official first action.
Improvements in the Official First Action Method for Extraction and Assay of Nystatin in Animal Feeds
Authors: Platt T B , Levin J D , Massey Margaret A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An investigation was made of the steps used to prepare samples for assay of nystatin in feeds by the official first action method. Sample preparation can be simplified by eliminating the hexane wash and vacuum distillation to remove methanol. The need for a feed blank extract to prepare the standard curve was confirmed, but a simpler procedure was devised to produce the blank extract. It is recommended that the method be tested collaboratively.
Semimicro Method for Determining Total Lipids in Fish Meal
Authors: Ambrose Mary E , Roche Barbara J , Knobl George M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A simple and rapid method lias been developed for determining lipids in fish meal. Lipids are extracted with chloroform and methanol; the entire procedure requires no more than 10 min. An aliquot of the chloroform layer is dried at 50°C under nitrogen and then equilibrated 90 min in a desiccator. Twelve samples can be completed in a single day, compared to the three days required to complete an analysis by AOAC method 22.037. Results of the extraction method average 99.0% of those obtained by method 22.037.
Collaborative Study of a Rapid Electrophoretic Method for Fish Species Identification
Authors: Learson Robert J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A rapid electrophoretic method for fish species identification, using cellulose acetate as the supporting medium, was collaboratively studied to determine whether photographs of standard protein patterns from authentic species could he used to identify unknown samples. Twelve collaborators were sent six unknown samples of fish in duplicate to identify from a set of photographs representing standard patterns from nine species of fish. Results obtained from the 10 reporting collaborators indicated that correct identification from photographic standards was extremely difficult. Although the analysts were able to match the duplicates with an accuracy of 90%, only 39% of the unknowns were correctly identified. It is recommended that the method be collaboratively studied using authentic fish samples for standards instead of photographic standards.
GLC Flavor Profile of Maple Sirup
Authors: Underwood J C , Filipic V J , Bell R A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Studies during the past several years on the flavorants of maple sirup have led to the development of a GLC procedure that produces a chromatogram representing a flavor profile of maple sirup. The analysis of numerous maple sirups from different regions of the maple belt shows that the geographic location of maple trees does not qualitatively affect the major flavorants of maple sirup.
Rapid Screening Procedure for Determination of Benzoic Acid and Sorbic Acid in Fruit Beverages
Authors: Gantenbein W M , Karasz A B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A rapid and accurate method, requiring one extraction and UV analysis, has been developed for simultaneous detection of benzoic and sorbic acids in fruit beverages. Quantitative measurements of benzoic and sorbic acids are based on the strong absorbances at 225 and 250 mμ, respectively. Recoveries of benzoic and sorbic acids from orange juice and apple juice at levels normally present were adequate.
Differentiation of Certain Types of Cassias and Cinnamons by Measurement of Mucilaginous Character
Authors: Stahl William H , Skarzynski Jean N , Voelker William A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A simple method has been refined to differentiate Korintji and Batavia cassias from cassias of different geographical origin and also from true cinnamons. A certain particle-size fraction of the spice is slurried in an isopropyl alcohol-water mixture, heated to 80°C, transferred to a 100 ml graduated cylinder, shaken, and allowed to settle over a 2 hr period. The height of the column of sediment is measured. Korintji and Batavia give average column heights of 85.0 ml with a standard deviation of 6.7, and Seychelle cinnamon and Saigon cassia give an average height of 25.3 ml with a standard deviation of 4.1.
Estimation of Monosodium Glutamate in Food Products
Authors: Fernandez-Flores E , Johnson Arthur R , Blomquist Victor H 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A procedure for estimating monosodium glutamate is described in which all food substances are extracted with water if an insignificant amount of starch is present, or with acetone-water solution when starch is present. An aliquot of the concentrated extract is chromatographed on a column of Dowex 50W—X8 (H+ form). The glutamic acid is retained on the column and eluted with 1N HCl. The glutamic acid content of the eluate is readily determined by the Sorensen formaldehyde titration procedure for amino acids, and the monosodium glutamate can be calculated.
Effect of Comminution on Mold Counts of Tomato Products
Authors: Eisenberg William V , Parran Hamilton M , Schulze Arnold E , Douglas Ruth G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
New data are presented on the effect of particle-size reduction of tomato tissue by special milling equipment, such as the Urschel Comitrol, on mold and rot fragment counts of tomato products. Prior mold count data as related to other types of equipment used for control of particle size are discussed. The mold count-rot fragment count ratio characterizes the product with respect to processing and permits the determination of comparable counts on products produced by different processes.
Collaborative Study of the GLC Determination of Glycerine and Propylene Glycol in Tobacco
Authors: Giles J A , Cundiff R H 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for the methanolic extraction of glycerine and propylene glycol from tobacco and their determination by gas chromatography was collaboratively studied by 11 laboratories. Results show unacceptably high systematic error standard deviations. Additional study and refinement of the procedure will be required before it is suitable as a standard method.
Collaborative Study of the Sweep Co-Distillation Cleanup for Chlorinated Pesticide Residues in Edible Fats and Oils
Authors: Malone Bernadette , Burke Jerry A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A collaborative study was made of the sweep co-distillation cleanup method for multiple residues of chlorinated pesticides in edible fats and oils with determination by electron capture GLC using a column of 15% QF-1/10% DC-200 on 80–100 Gas Chrom Q. Heptachlor epoxide, p,p’-DDE, dieldrin, p,p’-TDE, and p,p’-DDT were added at two levels to butterfat and soybean oil. Mean recoveries of pesticides ranged from 86.0 to 102.1% in soybean oil and 86.4 to 98.8% in butter.
TLC Separation and Spectrophotometric Determination of 2-Aminoanthraquinone in D&C Blue No. 9
Authors: Bell Sandra J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Batches of 3,3’-dichloroindanthrene meeting the specifications set forth in the Color Additive Regulations are certifiable as D&C Blue No. 9. One of the specifications requires that D&C Blue No. 9 contain no more than 0.2% 2-aminoanthraquinone. In the method described, 2-aminoanthraquinone is extracted from D&C Blue No. 9 with dimethylsulfoxide, together with several other impurities. This solution is spotted onto a thin layer plate and developed with diethyl ether. After removal from t he plate, the 2-aminoanthraquinone is extracted into acetic acid and the amount is determined spectrophotometrically. Recoveries of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5% of added intermediate ranged from 86 to 96%.
Determination of Phosphorus in Fruits and Fruit Products by a Spectrophotometry Molybdovanadate Method and by the Official Gravimetric Quinoline Molybdate Fertilizer Method
Authors: Estrin Ben , Brammell Wallace S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A newly developed spectrophotometric molybdovanadate method and the official gravimetric quinoline molybdate fertilizer method, 2.025(b), slightly modified, were used to determine phosphorus in fruits and fruit products. In the former method, the use of hazardous perchloric acid is avoided by dry-ashing the sample as in method 20.017 and by using nitric acid rather than perchloric acid in the molybdovanadate reagent. In the quinoline molybdate method, the sample is dry-ashed in the same way. In both proposed methods, the official ash solution is used for the phosphorus determination as in the official volumetric method, 20.031–20.032. Ash weight can be obtained before preparing this solution; in the official colorimetric method, however, a second aliquot must be dry-ashed for the ash weight. The two proposed methods gave results in good agreement with those obtained by the official volumetric method. These methods are simpler and faster than the two present official methods.
The High Resolution NMR Spectra of Pesticides. II. The DDT-Type Compounds
Authors: Keith L H , Alford A L , Garrison A W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the DDT class of pesticides and related compounds are discussed, including a study of the resonances of the aromatic protons as they are affected by various substiluents. The CCl3 moiety on the α-carbon strongly deshields the ortho protons on the aromatic rings, and this deshielding effect is greatly enhanced by substitution of a chlorine ortho rather than para on the aromatic ring. These deshielding effects are explained by a consideration of the electronegativity of the substituents and the stereochemistry of the molecule. The chemical shifts and coupling constants are tabulated.
Dry Ashing Method for the Determination of Total Arsenic in Poultry Tissues
Authors: Morrison Joseph L , George Glenn M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method is described for the determination of arsenic in poultry tissue, which is sensitive to levels of less than 0.1 ppm. Tissue samples are dry-ashed in the presence of magnesium oxide and magnesium nitrate and the arsenic is determined colorimetrically with silver diethyldithiocarbamate. Arsenic content in the tissue is determined from standard curves prepared for each tissue; this technique corrects for losses during the ashing step.
Sensitive Identity Test for Chlortetracycline in Fish
Authors: Blakely Jocelyn , Kramer Julian , Selzer George B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Residues of chlortetracycline in fish at a level of 0.10 ppm may be identified by the method described. The antibiotic is extracted into butanol, chromatographed on a paper moistened with pH 4.6 Macllvaine’s buffer and developed with nitromethane-chloroform-pyridine (20 + 10 + 3), and detected on plates inoculated with Bacillus cereus var. mycoides in a pH 6.6 agar base. The procedure will also identify residues of the other tetracyclines in fish.
Enhanced Recovery of Salmonella montevideo from Onion Powder by the Addition of Potassium Sulfite to Lactose Broth
Authors: Hall Joanne R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The use of K2SO3 in lactose broth pre-enrichment media was studied as a means of enhancing the recovery of salmonellae from onion powder. Salmonella montevideo was inoculated at several dilutions into lactose broth containing varying amounts of onion powder, with and without the addition of 0.5 g K2SO3. Recovery was improved when K2SO3 was added. In another series of determinations, 0.5 g K2SO3 was added to lactose broth and the S. montevideo initial inocula were varied from approximately 5 to 5 × 107 organisms; the amount of onion powder was also varied (0.1 to 12 g). Results show that when 3 to 10 g onion powder was used, 0.5 g K2SO3 in lactose broth enhanced the recovery of S. montevideo.
Report of the Joint AOAC-AOCS Aflatoxin Committee
Authors: Fischbach Henry 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Joint AOAC-AOCS Aflatoxin Committee, first proposed in 1964 and an active committee in 1965, coordinates methods development in the two societies. The history and accomplishments of this committee are outlined and the areas of interest of the AOAC and the AOCS are defined. Since the committee’s inception the following actions have been taken: AOAC has adopted two methods for peanuts and peanut products and a chemical derivative confirmation test as official final action and a method for cottonseed as official first action; the AOCS has adopted one of the above methods for peanuts and peanut products as a Tentative Method. The AOAC Associate Referee topics for anatoxins are listed and the current status of research under these topics is described.
Quantitation of Food Adulterants by Multiple Radial Immunodiffusion. I. Cross-Reacting Antigen Mixtures
Authors: Lietze Arthur 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Two cross-reacting antigens were isolated from wheat flour. These antigens were recombined in various proportions and various dilutions and were analyzed by radial immunodiffusion, using an antibody against wheat flour. The results demonstrate that multiple radial immunodiffusion is a valid analytical technique. If antigens cross-react they must be present in a known ratio. This ratio can be estimated from the experimental data.
Computer-Generated Table for the Selection of Chromatographic Column Systems to Separate Organic Bases
Authors: Farrell Terryl J , Pecsok Robert L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A computer has been used to generate a set of tables describing the data of Doyle and Levine for selecting optimum conditions to separate organic bases. The tables show all compounds on the same sheet of paper, thus avoiding the use of a separate graph or overlay for each compound. The computer program can generate additional entries for other bases as the data become available.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Caffeine in Leaf Tea
Authors: Newton John M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of caffeine in leaf tea has been studied collaboratively by 13 laboratories on four different types of leaf tea. The chromatographic cleanup procedures are those of the official AOAC chromatographic methods for caffeine in APC and in coffee. The coefficient of variation for all samples studied collaboratively ranged from 3.74 to 5.78%. The method is recommended for adoption as official first action.