bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synoptic‐scale and mesoscale controls for tornadogenesis on cold fronts: A generalised measure of tornado risk and identification of synoptic types
Authors: Clark Matthew R. , Parker Douglas J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEnvironments of tornadic and non‐tornadic narrow cold‐frontal rain bands (NCFRs) are investigated using ERA‐Interim reanalyses for a sample of 114 events over the United Kingdom and Ireland (44 tornadic). The results offer a practical tool for prediction of the likelihood of tornadoes in these potentially high‐impact events. Of 22 analysed parameters, a bulk measure of shear vorticity, and the front‐normal wind component on the cold side of the front, yield the best discrimination between event classes, showing significantly larger values in tornadic events. A generalised measure of tornado probability, p[TN], is obtained using the distribution of points within the two‐dimensional parameter space defined by these parameters. Synoptic situations commonly associated with tornadic NCFRs are identified and conceptual models describing the large‐scale evolution are developed. Most events are associated with developing secondary cyclones (i.e., frontal waves) along trailing cold fronts (≥54.5%), generally within west to southwesterly large‐scale flow. Another significant class of event corresponds to situations where a strong mid‐ to upper‐level jet streak cuts across the front within an amplifying large‐scale flow pattern (upstream ridge building and downstream trough extension), generally within northwesterly flow (27.3%). In frontal waves, tornadoes occurred relatively early in the wave's development and just down‐front of the wave centre, where rapid increases in p[TN] occurred as the wave amplified. In northwesterly flow cases, tornadoes occurred along a well‐defined NCFR bulge close to where the mid‐ to upper‐level jet streak and an associated positive potential‐vorticity anomaly intersected the front. Analysis of a high‐tornadic subset of tornadic events (NCFRs producing ≥7 tornadoes) revealed an even stronger association with frontal waves (72.2% of cases), suggesting that the highest‐impact events are usually associated with secondary cyclogenesis. The possible relevance of identified environmental parameters to candidate vortex‐genesis and tornadogenesis mechanisms within NCFRs and quasi‐linear convective systems is discussed.
Ingenuity of minimally invasive thoracoscopic lobectomy for undiagnosed pulmonary tumour
Authors: Yamanaka Sumitaka , Yoshimatsu Takashi , Miyata Takeaki , Higa Hanae 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA 51‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital, with a dumbbell‐shaped nodule measuring 40 mm in the right upper lobe of the lung. He was a current smoker with diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma. The transbronchial biopsy was performed. However, definitive diagnosis was not obtained from the excised specimens. Bacterial culture of bronchial lavage fluid also yielded negative results, including for tuberculosis. After eight months of observation, the tumour had slightly increased in size. Surgery was planned to resect the tumour for definitive diagnosis. Because of the size of the tumour, a lobectomy of the lung was scheduled with the patient's consent. Four small incisions, each less than 1.2 cm long, were made in the chest wall for thoracoscopic surgery. To remove the specimen, we made a 3‐cm longitudinal incision 1 cm below the xiphisternal joint. The patient complained of no chest pain after surgery. The post‐operative course was uneventful.
Output feedback stabilization for a class of high‐order planar systems with an asymmetric output constraint
Authors: Chen Chih‐Chiang 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article is concerned with the problem of output feedback stabilization for a class of high‐order planar systems with an asymmetric output constraint. By fully extracting the characteristics of system nonlinearities and introducing a delicate manipulation of sign functions, a new tangent‐type asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function and an exquisite nonsmooth observer are proposed. Based on the presented barrier Lyapunov function as well as the nonsmooth observer, the technique of adding a power integrator, that is, a special version of the backstepping design, is skillfully revamped to establish a novel approach which systematically guides us in constructing a continuous output feedback stabilizer and achieving the requirement of a pre‐specified asymmetric output constraint. The developed approach is a unified design in the sense that it is capable of simultaneously performing the output feedback stabilization for systems with and without output constraints, without the need of changing the controller structure. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Finite‐time cooperative attitude control for leader‐follower spacecraft with fixed‐time observer
Authors: Zhang Lijun , Xia Yuanqing , Cui Bing , Zhang Jinhui , Shen Ganghui 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article investigates the problem of distributed attitude tracking control for the leader‐follower spacecraft in the presence of the external disturbances, model uncertainties, and actuator faults. First, a novel fixed‐time observer is developed to estimate the angular velocity of the leader. In contrast to the existing finite‐time observer design methods, the settling time is independent of the initial conditions, and the upper bound of the angular acceleration of the leader is not required for each follower. To estimate and compensate the total uncertainties with finite‐time convergence, a fraction‐based adaptive scheme is designed. Based on the fixed‐time observer and the adaptive scheme, a continuous finite‐time distributed control law is developed such that the stability of the observer‐controller closed‐loop system is guaranteed. Numerical simulations are illustrated to demonstrate the performance of the control scheme.
Event‐triggered finite‐time practical consensus of multiagent systems with general directed communication graphs
Authors: Fu Junjie , Wan Ying , Huang Tingwen 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn this article, an event‐triggered sampled‐data implementation of a class of finite‐time consensus controllers is considered for first‐order multiagent systems under general directed communication graphs. Each agent only updates its control input at its event‐triggering time instants. From any initial condition of the agents, it is rigorously proved that the proposed control strategy can achieve consensus with arbitrarily small errors in a finite time. Zeno behavior is also proven to be excluded. Moreover, a self‐triggered sampled‐data implementation is proposed to further reduce the communication requirement. Both leaderless and leader‐following consensus are considered. Generalizations to event‐triggered consensus of second‐order multiagent systems are then presented. Simulations of the frequency and voltage control of smart grids are finally given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocols.
Myogenic progenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell are immune-tolerated in humanized mice
Authors: Benabdallah Basma , Désaulniers-Langevin Cynthia , Goyer Marie-Lyn , Colas Chloé , Maltais Chantale , Li Yuanyi , Guimond Jean V. , Tremblay Jacques P. , Haddad Elie , Beauséjour Christian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It is still unclear if immune responses will compromise the large-scale utilization of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived cell therapies. To answer this question, we used humanized mouse models generated by the adoptive transfer of peripheral blood mononuclear cells or the cotransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and human thymic tissue. Using these mice, we evaluated the engraftment in skeletal muscle of myoblasts derived either directly from a muscle biopsy or differentiated from hiPSCs or fibroblasts. Our results showed that while allogeneic grafts were mostly rejected and highly infiltrated with human T cells, engraftment of autologous cells was tolerated. We also observed that hiPSC-derived myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) are not targeted by autologous T cells and natural killer cells in vitro. These findings suggest that the reprogramming and differentiation procedures we used are not immunogenic and that hiPSC-derived MPCs will be tolerated in the presence of a competent human immune system.
An effective case of shichimotsukokato treatment for postherpetic neuralgia in a patient with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Fujii Tomoaki , Morimoto Yuji 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTCaseA 78‐year‐old female who had chronic kidney disease developed postherpetic neuralgia. She was prescribed several analgesics, but the pain was severe.OutcomeShichimotsukokato was prescribed to this patient, and her pain was gradually relieved. During the course of treatment, the pain worsened when tramadol hydrochloride acetaminophen tablets were interrupted and improved upon their resuming their administration, suggesting an effect for the combination with shichimotsukokato. Her renal function did not worsen, but rather seemed to have improved.ConclusionAnalgesics can be inappropriately used in patients with chronic kidney disease. For chronic kidney disease patients with postherpetic neuralgia, shichimotsukokato may have an effect on both pain and renal function and seems to be beneficial.
Temporal Structures of Justification in the Economic Analysis of Law: Legal Philosophy and Free Will
Authors: Jackson Kevin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn an appropriation of jurisprudence away from moral philosophy in the name of advancing positive science, the economic analysis of law repudiates judicial responsibility in regard to human freedom and rights. I argue that the moral freedom and responsibility presupposed by a system of legal rights should not be eclipsed by narrow causal determinism but instead upheld by proper judicial discernment of wider temporally balanced structures of legal rights within such a system. Indeed, this is part of a wider claim that moral philosophy at large proceeds at its best by means of a temporally holistic reasoning process. I am interested in exposing and challenging theoretical bias and unacknowledged assumptions about time-value – in particular the privileging of future outcomes – lurking behind the economic analysis of law philosophy.
Should Economics Make a Pragmatic Turn? John Dewey, Karl Polanyi, and Critique of Economic Naturalism
Authors: Kassner Maciej 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article draws upon John Dewey’s pragmatic philosophy to offer a critique of naturalistic assumptions underpinning modern economic thought. More specifically, mainstream economics is criticized for treating its subject-matter as human-independent, maintaining untenable means-ends dualism, and displaying a strong tendency to talk about capitalism and markets as if they were quasi-natural phenomena. Pragmatic arguments are developed in dialogue with the ideas derived from Karl Polanyi, Gunnar Myrdal, and contemporary philosophy of science. Throughout the article, institutionalism is singled out as an approach to economic inquiry that is compatible with central insights derived from Dewey’s version of pragmatism. The article suggests that pragmatism together with constructivism and hermeneutics provides a more appropriate philosophical framework for institutional economics than other approaches, including critical realism.
Moral Economics – A Theoretical Basis for Building the Next Economic System
Authors: Hajnal Zsófia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the concept of moral economics in the author’s own, complex interpretation. Moral economics is a new approach to the structure and nature of the economic system, suggesting changes at several critical points. The paper is an interdisciplinary work between philosophy and economics, shifting from theory to practice, past to present, and balancing between the normative and the positive. The purpose is to change the economic understanding and the perceived economic logic through incorporating the moral factor into comprehensive models.
Dual pair correspondence in physics: oscillator realizations and representations
Authors: Basile Thomas , Joung Euihun , Mkrtchyan Karapet , Mojaza Matin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study general aspects of the reductive dual pair correspondence, also known as Howe duality. We make an explicit and systematic treatment, where we first derive the oscillator realizations of all irreducible dual pairs: (GL(M, ℝ), GL(N, ℝ)), (GL(M, ℂ), GL(N, ℂ)), (U∗(2M), U∗(2N)), (U (M+, M−), U (N+, N−)), (O(N+, N−), Sp (2M, ℝ)), (O(N, ℂ), Sp(2M, ℂ)) and (O∗(2N ), Sp(M+, M−)). Then, we decompose the Fock space into irreducible representations of each group in the dual pairs for the cases where one member of the pair is compact as well as the first non-trivial cases of where it is non-compact. We discuss the relevance of these representations in several physical applications throughout this analysis. In particular, we discuss peculiarities of their branching properties. Finally, closed-form expressions relating all Casimir operators of two groups in a pair are established.
Telomere length: how the length makes a difference
Authors: Lulkiewicz M. , Bajsert J. , Kopczynski P. , Barczak W. , Rubis B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTelomerase is perceived as an immortality enzyme that might provide longevity to cells and whole organisms. Importantly, it is generally inactive in most somatic cells of healthy, adult men. Consequently, its substrates, i.e. telomeres, get shorter in most human cells with time. Noteworthy, cell life limitation due to telomere attrition during cell divisions, may not be as bad as it looks since longer cell life means longer exposition to harmful factors. Consequently, telomere length (attrition rate) becomes a factor that is responsible for inducing the signaling that leads to the elimination of cells that lived long enough to acquire severe damage. It seems that telomere length that depends on many different factors (including telomerase activity but also genetic factors, a hormonal profile that reflects sex, etc.) might become a useful marker of aging and exposition to stress. Thus in the current paper, we review the factors that affect telomere length in human cells focusing on sex that all together with different environmental and hormonal regulations as well as parental aspect affect telomere attrition rate. We also raise some limitations in the assessment of telomere length that hinders a trustworthy meta-analysis that might lead to acknowledgment of the real value of this parameter.
Situated imagination
Authors: van Dijk Ludger , Rietveld Erik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractImagination is often considered the pinnacle of representational cognition. Looking at the concrete details of imagining in context, this paper aims to contribute to the emerging literature that is challenging this representational view by offering a relational and radically situated alternative. On the basis of observing architects in the process of making an architectural art installation, we show how to consider imagination not as de-contextualized achievement by an individual but as an opening up to larger-scale “affordances,” i.e. the unfolding possibilities for action. We show how the architects coordinate the enactment of multiple affordances across different timescales, from small-scale affordances of picking up a mobile phone to the large-scale affordance of making the installation that takes months to unfold. These affordances get co-determined as they are jointly enacted. It is within this determining process that imagination too finds its place. On our view it is the indeterminacy of multiple affordances unfolding in action simultaneously that can be experienced as imaginative. The indeterminate character of this coordinative process allows activities to widen and open up, letting new possibilities for action enter into them.
Geochemical characteristics and depositional environments of the Narimba Formation source rock, Bass Basin, Australia
Authors: Shalaby Mohamed Ragab , Irwan Muhammad Izzat Izzuddin bin Haji , Osli Liyana Nadiah , Islam Md Aminul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis research aims to conduct source rock characterization on the Narimba Formation in the Bass Basin, Australia, which is made of mostly sandstone, shale and coal. The geochemical characteristics and depositional environments have been investigated through a variety of data such as rock–eval pyrolysis, TOC, organic petrography and biomarkers. Total organic carbon (TOC) values indicated good to excellent organic richness with values ranging from 1.1 to 79.2%. Kerogen typing of the examined samples from the Narimba Formation indicates that the formation contains organic matter capable of generating kerogen Type-III, Type-II-III and Type-II which is gas prone, oil–gas prone and oil prone, respectively. Pyrolysis maturity parameters (Tmax, PI), in combination with vitrinite reflectance and some biomarkers, all confirm that all samples are at early mature to mature and are in the oil and wet gas windows. The biomarkers data (the isoprenoids (Pr/Ph), CPI, isoprenoids/n-alkanes distribution (Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18), in addition to the regular sterane biomarkers (C27, C28 and C29) are mainly used to evaluate the paleodepositional environment, maturity and biodegradation. It has been interpreted that the Narimba Formation was found to be deposited in non-marine (oxygen-rich) depositional environment with a dominance of terrestrial plant sources. All the analyzed samples show clear indication to be considered at the early mature to mature oil window with some indication of biodegradation.
Layer-steered filter for enhancing seismic reflection interpretability
Authors: Abdullah Agus , Pranowo Waskito 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSeismic artifacts due to random and linear noises, low fold coverage, statics, and spatial aliasing are frequently affecting uncertainties in seismic interpretation. Several conventional methods, such as median filter, have been implemented to reduce random noises. However, this method can not be utilized for the area in which rich with stratigraphic features such as clinoforms and in the area with strong dips. We implemented layer-steered filter in order to attenuate random noises in this kind of situation. Layer-steered filter has ability to attenuate random noises but still respects to local dip events; therefore, the method provides better preservation of events and stratigraphics compared to other conventional methods such as median filter and dip-steered filter.
Influence of structural factors on the tribological performance of organic friction modifiers
Authors: Cyriac Febin , Tee Xin Yi , Poornachary Sendhil K. , Chow Pui Shan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe influence of structural factors on the lubrication performance of organic friction modifiers (OFMs) formulated in Group V (polyol ester oil) base oil was studied using a ball-on-disk tribometer. The results show that OFMs can mitigate friction under heavy loads, low sliding speeds, and high temperatures. These conditions are commonly encountered in internal-combustion engines between cylinder liners and piston rings. The reduction in friction is ascribed to the boundary lubrication film containing the OFM. The chemical composition analysis of the metal disk surface using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed the presence of a protective film of OFM on the wear track, albeit inconsistently deposited. Although the adsorption of the OFM on the metal surface was observed to be dependent on the chemical reactivity of the functional groups, levels of unsaturation, and hydrocarbon chain length of the OFM, the frictional performance was not always directly correlated with the surface coverage and tribofilm thickness. This implies that the friction reduction mechanism can involve other localized processes at the interface between the metal surface and lubricant oil. The occasional variation in friction observed for these OFMs can be attributed to the stability and durability of the boundary film formed during the rubbing phase.
Impact of clinical guidance and rapid molecular pathogen detection on evaluation and outcomes of febrile or hypothermic infants
Authors: Crook Jennifer , Xu Meng , Slaughter James C. , Willis Jeremy , Browning Whitney , Estrada Cristina , Gay James , Thomas Gale , Benton Alison , Quinn Criziel , Schmitz Jonathan , Banerjee Ritu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective:To quantify the impact of clinical guidance and rapid respiratory and meningitis/encephalitis multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) testing on the management of infants.Design:Before-and-after intervention study.Setting:Tertiary-care children’s hospital.Patients:Infants ≤90 days old presenting with fever or hypothermia to the emergency department (ED).Methods:The study spanned 3 periods: period 1, January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2014; period 2, January 1, 2015, through April 30, 2018; and period 3, May 1, 2018, through June 15, 2019. During period 1, no standardized clinical guideline had been established and no rapid pathogen testing was available. During period 2, a clinical guideline was implemented, but no rapid testing was available. During period 3, a guideline was in effect, plus mPCR testing using the BioFire FilmArray respiratory panel 2 (RP 2) and the meningitis encephalitis panel (MEP). Outcomes included antimicrobial and ancillary test utilization, length of stay (LOS), admission rate, 30-day mortality. Outcomes were compared across periods using Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson tests and interrupted time series analysis.Results:Overall 5,317 patients were included: 2,514 in period 1, 2,082 in period 2, and 721 in period 3. Over the entire study period, we detected reductions in the use of chest radiographs, lumbar punctures, LOS, and median antibiotic duration. After adjusting for temporal trends, we observed that the introduction of the guideline was associated with reductions in ancillary tests and lumbar punctures. Use of mPCR testing with the febrile infant clinical guideline was associated with additional reductions in ancillary testing for all patients and a higher proportion of infants 29–60 days old being managed without antibiotics.Conclusions:Use of mPCR testing plus a guideline for young infant evaluation in the emergency department was associated with less antimicrobial and ancillary test utilization compared to the use of a guideline alone.