bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Written Versus Oral Cues: The Role of Rhetorical Competence in Learning From Texts
Authors: Sánchez Emilio , García J. Ricardo , Bustos Andrea 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLearning from expository texts demands the processing of metatextual cues (rhetorical devices) and the activating of reading strategies. The main objective of this study was to examine whether profiting from written metatextual cues to launch reading strategies needs higher level of rhetorical competence than profiting from oral cues. Specifically, this study addresses two questions: (1) Is there a gap between the sensitivity to oral versus written metatextual cues depending on the student’s reading skill level? (2) Do the reader’s rhetorical competence, general reading comprehension, and decoding levels interact with the processing of each type of metatextual cue? Three hundred sixty‐seven students (11–13 years old) summarized an expository text after reading it under one of the following four conditions: with written cues, with oral cues, with both cues combined, or with no cues. The less skilled readers who received oral or combined cues provided better summaries (they selected and organized the main ideas better) than the less skilled readers who received written cues or no cues. However, the performance of the more skilled readers was equal under the conditions with written cues, oral cues, and combined cues; these three groups outperformed the readers from the no‐cues condition group. A multicategorical moderator analysis showed that following written cues demanded higher levels of general comprehension and rhetorical competence than following oral and combined cues. These data confirm that rhetorical competence is a specific capability for processing, especially written metatextual cues, and for overcoming the gap between the sensitivity to oral versus written cues.
Controllable Substitution of S Radicals on Triazine Covalent Framework to Expedite Degradation of Polysulfides
Authors: Yan Yingchun , Chen Zhou , Yang Jun , Guan Lu , Hu Han , Zhao Qingshan , Ren Hao , Lin Yan , Li Zhongtao , Wu Mingbo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are facing a significant barrier due to the diffusion of intermediate redox species. Although some S doped covalent framework cathodes have been reported with outstanding reversibility, the low content of sulfur (less than 30%) limits the practical applications. To overcome the issue, the sulfur and nitrogen co‐doped covalent compounds (S‐NC) as a host‐type cathode have been developed through the radical transfer process during thermal cracking amino groups on the precursor, and then plentiful positively charged sulfur radicals can be controllably introduced. The experimental characterization and DFT theoretical calculation certificate that the sulfur radicals in S‐NC/S can expedite redox reactions of intermediate polysulfides to impede their dissolution. Moreover, the energy barriers during ions transfer also obviously decreased after introducing S radicals, which lead to improved rate performance.
Indigenising Nordic Feminism—A Sámi Decolonial Critique
Authors: Dankertsen Astri 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses how to make space for Sámi feminist perspectives within both Sámi research and Nordic feminist research. The author explores how both patriarchal and colonial power continue to shape the lives of Sámi women, and argues that there is a need for a feminist decolonial critique that destabilises the taken-for-granted silencing of Sámi women’s perspectives in both Sámi research and Nordic feminist research. In order to do so, we need to move beyond the traditional ways of defining feminist perspectives, and include Indigenous perspectives on land, water, health, rights and identities, and through this highlight how it is possible to create a common ground for both Sámi and feminist perspectives. The relative lack of Sámi feminist perspectives is paradoxical, given the fact that both intersectional and postcolonial perspectives have made an impact on feminist research today, and contemporary Sámi women are increasingly educated and hold a strong position within academia, activism and the Sámi society as a whole.
Between Diplomacy and Science: British Mandate Palestine and Its International Network of Archaeological Organisations, 1918–1938
Authors: Sigalas Mathilde 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter studies the influence of Western archaeological organisations on scientific and diplomatic issues in interwar Palestine. It analyses their role on a local scale and the establishment of a scientific network of archaeologists in Palestine from 1918 to 1938. The analysis from the archives of six schools and societies founded by Western powers in Jerusalem revealing the increasing influence of American scholars in the archaeological field. It asks what motivated American actors to invest in the archaeological field and related diplomatic issues, as the US government did not have direct political power in the Middle East at that time. It ultimately demonstrates the presence of informal American imperialism in scientific and diplomatic issues in relation to the British authorities during the Mandate period.
A Coherent Inconsistency: Italian Cultural Diplomacy in Palestine, 1918–1938
Authors: Mazza Roberto 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhile following a broad chronology divided between Italy in the liberal era and later under the fascist regime, this chapter attempts to present an overview of Italian cultural activities and their various purposes and development. During the liberal era, Italian cultural policies were for the most part designed to target the needs of Italian communities. While the early phase of fascist rule was essentially a continuation of the previous regime, the 1930s marked a major shift in the understanding and promotion of cultural policies in the Middle East, especially in Palestine. This chapter will show how the fascist regime inconsistently supported both the Arabs and the Zionists in its quest to challenge the British.
The International Centre for the Protection of Catholic Interests in Palestine: Cultural Diplomacy and Outreach in the British Mandate Period
Authors: Maggiolini Paolo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe chapter reconsiders the Latin Patriarchate’s efforts to develop and defend the Catholic community’s interests in Palestine according to the notion of cultural diplomacy and cultural outreach. It focuses on an initiative dedicated to establishing a solid relationship of cooperation between local and international Catholic dimensions through the dissemination of ad hoc content in newspapers and thematic conferences. The chapter develops its analysis according to two specific perspectives. On the one hand, it looks at the Latin Patriarch’s efforts to promote the defence of Catholic interests in Palestine through cultural outreach to a Western Catholic audience. On the other, it focuses on the role of the Latin Patriarchate in this field as the manifestation of its aim to adapt to and influence the changing political conditions and balances of power in the Mandate.
A “Significant Swedish Outpost”: The Swedish School and Arab Christians in Jerusalem, 1920–1930
Authors: Okkenhaug Inger Marie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the Swedish School in Jerusalem during the British Mandate period. I argue that while modelled on Swedish educational culture and largely financed from Sweden, the school had a profound local connection to the Arab community. This chapter demonstrates that the educational culture of the school was more important to Arab parents than its religious profile. Arabic was the language of instruction and the children were taught by well-educated Arab female teachers. Parents and pupils influenced the Swedish School’s profile with demands that were created by a new reality under British Mandatory rule. These parents and pupils were also challenged by the fact that pupils from the middle class and the urban poor attended the same lessons and were—in theory at least—treated equally despite social or religious backgrounds.
French Cultural Efforts Towards Jerusalem’s Arab Population in the Late British Mandate in Palestine
Authors: Trimbur Dominique 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes a brief period of French government cultural activities carried out with the aim of attracting a broad audience within the Arab population of Jerusalem, through the creation by the French Lay Mission (Mission laïque française) of a French Cultural Centre on the Arab part of the city at the end of the British Mandate. This new institution illustrated French concern about renewing its presence in the area. Local conditions, and financial and political difficulties, lead to the closure of the centre after only two years. The brief experience illustrates an attempt to adapt the French presence to a developing Palestine and to enter into contact with the various populations of Jerusalem, in this case the broader Arab community, going beyond previous activities which had dealt only with the city’s elites.
Transnational Science Cooperation for Sustainable Development
Authors: Schwachula Anna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWith the 2030 Agenda, the development paradigm has shifted towards global sustainable development, but modes of cooperation between actors in the Global North and South still cling to traditional patterns of cooperation, reproducing antiquated knowledge hierarchies. Departing from technical cooperation, transnational research cooperation may be a more equitable mode of cooperation with the potential of developing innovative solutions for sustainable development. Yet, its potential is not fully realised. Science policies on the national level and global governance mechanisms need to set a beneficial framework, ensuring that expectations of partnerships and outcomes for global sustainable development can be met. The current incoherence of national science and development cooperation policies may be aggravated by existing gaps in global governance mechanisms in view of sustainability-oriented transnational research cooperation.
Asylum Decision-Making in Switzerland
Authors: Affolter Laura 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter provides an outline of how the Swiss asylum procedure works. It contextualises the current asylum procedure within the history of asylum politics in Switzerland since the 1950s and within broader global developments. Three major trends are discussed: the sharp decline of the recognition rate since the 1980s and with it the emergence of the so-called “fight against abuse”, the proliferation of legal categories and the frequent changes made to asylum law in this same time period, and the development of an ever more specialised asylum administration in Switzerland. The chapter introduces readers to the Swiss Secretariat for Migration (SEM) and its organisational structure as it existed until 2019, the main elements of asylum law that structure SEM officials’ decision-making and to the particular standard of proof in refugee status determination.
Knowledge as Practice: Producing Decisional Certainty
Authors: Affolter Laura 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMuch uncertainty inheres in refugee status determination and particularly credibility assessments. This chapter deals with how asylum caseworkers attempt to overcome such uncertainties in order to reach enough decisional certainty for categorising asylum seekers into one of four legal categories: refugee with asylum, refugee with temporary admission, non-refugee with temporary admission and non-refugee without temporary admission. I argue that decision-makers’ explicit “country knowledge” as well as their implicit know-how of how to carry out their tasks and their “gut feeling”—which building on Reckwitz (Zeitschrift für Soziologie 32:4: 282–301, 2003) I conceptualise as professional-practical knowledge—plays a crucial role thereby. Furthermore, this chapter shows how basing negative asylum decisions on non-credibility rather than non-eligibility to refugee status serves as a means for overcoming uncertainties inherent in asylum decision-making, leading to the (re-)production of the so-called “culture of disbelief” in asylum administration.
Experimental Design
Authors: Mariel Petr , Hoyos David , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Czajkowski Mikolaj , Dekker Thijs , Glenk Klaus , Jacobsen Jette Bredahl , Liebe Ulf , Olsen Søren Bøye , Sagebiel Julian , Thiene Mara 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter covers various issues related to the experimental design, a statistical technique at the core of a discrete choice experiment. Specifically, it focuses on the dimensionality of a choice experiment and the statistical techniques used to allocate attribute levels to choice tasks. Among others, the pros and cons of orthogonal designs, optimal orthogonal in the differences designs as well as efficient designs are addressed. The last section shows how a simulation exercise can help to test the appropriateness of the experimental design.
Calculating Marginal and Non-marginal Welfare Measures
Authors: Mariel Petr , Hoyos David , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Czajkowski Mikolaj , Dekker Thijs , Glenk Klaus , Jacobsen Jette Bredahl , Liebe Ulf , Olsen Søren Bøye , Sagebiel Julian , Thiene Mara 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the calculation of marginal and non-marginal welfare measures. It outlines how the calculation of welfare measures is related to the specified model and the assumptions underlying that model. It further describes how the calculation of these measures is affected by the inclusion of preference heterogeneity, including the incorporation of interaction terms to capture observed preference heterogeneity or random parameters to capture unobserved preference heterogeneity. Finally, it discusses how these measures can be aggregated and compared.
Validity and Reliability
Authors: Mariel Petr , Hoyos David , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Czajkowski Mikolaj , Dekker Thijs , Glenk Klaus , Jacobsen Jette Bredahl , Liebe Ulf , Olsen Søren Bøye , Sagebiel Julian , Thiene Mara 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter concerns different aspects of validity and reliability of a discrete choice experiment. Firstly, it focuses on three essential concepts for assessing the validity of the welfare estimates obtained in the choice experiment, namely content, construct and criterion validity. Secondly, it discusses how the reliability of the recorded choices can be assessed. It then discusses issues related to model comparison and selection. Finally, it addresses prediction in discrete choice models as a way to assess the quality of a model.
Software
Authors: Mariel Petr , Hoyos David , Meyerhoff Jürgen , Czajkowski Mikolaj , Dekker Thijs , Glenk Klaus , Jacobsen Jette Bredahl , Liebe Ulf , Olsen Søren Bøye , Sagebiel Julian , Thiene Mara 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes and compares suitable software for the analysis of basic and advanced discrete choice models. Software packages are classified into proprietary and non-proprietary, according to the operating system required and modelling capabilities. Abilities of both selected commercial (Stata, SAS and Latent Gold, e.g.) and open-source packages (Biogeme and R-libraries) are considered. Finally, some user-written estimation packages for Gauss, Matlab, R and Stata are presented.
Conclusion—Creating Momentum for Transformation Through Purpose
Authors: Hernandez Ariel Macaspac 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany experts and pundits from the popular media often depict sustainable, low-carbon transformation as a revolution. For example, Tom Delay (2009) of The Guardian sees “a new revolution that fast tracks the deployment of a new set of technologies.” He continues that the new low carbon economy is “poised to be the mother of all markets and will be as transformative in its impact as the first industrial revolution.”
Global Transformation Towards Sustainability—Clusters of Current Scholarly Discourse
Authors: Hernandez Ariel Macaspac 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStudying global transformation towards sustainability is a colossal task. The difficulties in determining the scope, boundaries and levels of the analysis have ramifications for the conceptual value of attempts to understand global transformation towards sustainability. Because of the plurality of possible entry points as well as the complexity of various issues involved, providing an overview of the academic debate, if one can speak of a single debate on global transformation towards sustainability, is highly challenging.
Festivals, kulturelle Events, Großveranstaltungen, Sportgroßveranstaltungen und Lifestyle Events
Authors: Fritz Oliver , Pröbstl-Haider Ulrike , Ginner Kathrin , Formayer Herbert 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Durchführung touristischer Großveranstaltungen führt nicht nur zu erhöhten CO2-Emissionen in Österreich (APCC 2014), sondern ist selbst vom Klimawandel betroffen, wenn etwa Hitzetage im Sommer den Erlebniswert einer Outdoorveranstaltung beeinträchtigen, Unwettergeschehen zu Absagen führen oder Wintersportveranstaltungen aufgrund von Schneemangel gefährdet sind.
Ableitung von Handlungsoptionen
Authors: Pröbstl-Haider Ulrike , Mostegl Nina , Damm Andrea , Prettenthaler Franz , Lund-Durlacher Dagmar , Gühnemann Astrid , Steiger Robert , Olefs Marc , Formayer Herbert , Hödl Claudia , Neger Christoph 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBevor im Einzelnen auf die grundsätzlichen Strategien und Handlungsoptionen eingegangen wird, ist es wichtig, die dem Bericht zugrunde liegende Vision zu verdeutlichen.Der Tourismus unterscheidet sich von anderen Wirtschaftszweigen dadurch, dass die Kunden wesentlich flexibler sind und sehr rasch – oftmals von einer Saison auf die andere – „mit den Füßen abstimmen“. Wie die Darstellungen in Kap. 1 zeigen, hat diese Abhängigkeit durch eine Zunahme kürzerer Reisen und der sogenannten Stand-by-Touristen eher noch zugenommen. Daher kommt es im Tourismus nicht nur darauf an, ob und inwieweit das Angebot der österreichischen Tourismusbranche klimagerecht ist, sondern auch ob und wieweit es gelingt, den Kunden gezielt zu beeinflussen (Njoroge 2015).
Indooraktivitäten und damit zusammenhängende Einrichtungen
Authors: Pröbstl-Haider Ulrike , Hödl Claudia , Illing Kai , Ranzi Robert , Fritz Oliver 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Aufbau und Ausbau von landschaftsunabhängigen Angeboten, wie Wellness- und Indoorsportanlagen, wird häufig in Zusammenhang mit einer Förderung des Ganzjahrestourismus genannt und als Möglichkeit gesehen, die Winter- bzw. Schneeabhängigkeit von Alpendestinationen zu verringern. Solche schneeunabhängigen Angebote scheinen vor allem für Destinationen in tieferen Höhenlagen eine geeignete Möglichkeit zu sein, sich an die veränderten klimatischen Bedingungen anzupassen und eine Saisonverlängerung in den Sommer und Frühherbst hinein zu erzielen (Müller und Weber 2007; Müller et al. 2007; Scott und McBoyle 2007; Siegrist und Gessner 2011; Clivaz et al. 2012).
Zukunft unter Klima-Unsicherheiten agil und nachhaltig gestalten
Authors: Abel Sebastian , Michelmann Jakob 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDer beschleunigte Klimawandel fordert Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft heraus, zu handeln, um Klimaveränderungen abzuschwächen und zu kontrollieren sowie unser Leben an die sich ändernden Umstande anzupassen. Dabei trifft hoher Entscheidungsdruck auf große Unsicherheit. Um Handlungsmöglichkeiten zu erkennen und zu ergreifen, gilt es, die Instrumente für eine agile strategische Orientierung und Gestaltung im Klimawandelzeitalter zu sortieren und zu scharfen.
The Mobility of People, Not Furniture, Leads to Collaboration
Authors: Guldbæk Brøns Mie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter considers how teacher mindsets, in connection with the physical possibilities at hand, lead to spatial habits and teaching practices. It draws on empirical material from an ethnographic study examining how teachers are influenced unknowingly by the roots of their profession and thus arrange furniture in ways that do not always support their pedagogical intentions. I argue that physical diversity within a larger space is more beneficial for teacher collaboration than the flexibility of the furniture or the architecture. I conclude by noting that we can gain a deeper understanding of innovative learning environments by looking at the positioning and mobility of the teachers’ bodies in the space.
Innovative Learning Environments, Are They Inclusive? Why Evaluating the Speaking, and Acoustic Potential of the Space Matters
Authors: Rose-Munro Leanne 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInnovative learning spaces are a platform primarily designed to support the activity of speaking, listening and learning. However, evidence suggests that nearly 10% of students attending mainstream schools in their local communities have hearing difficulties. This study explores the acoustic potential of innovative learning spaces (ILE’s), and the impact of design affordances in terms of supporting the inclusion of students with hearing difficulties. The study highlights the importance of an acoustic platform that enables opportunity for all to participate in speaking and listening activity. In addition, the importance of student agency, the power to act and contribute to decision-making regarding the use and application of environmental affordances to enable student opportunity, inclusion and successful learning.
Introduction to Part III: Measurement
Authors: Imms Wesley , Fisher Kenn 
Published: November 2020

Abstract‘Measurement’ of the impact of learning environments has occurred for quite a long time, but its role in driving and guiding reforms in ILE design and use has not been as effective. This is due to a lack of common terminologies, too wide a scope of what constitutes ‘learning environments’ and too often the use of very poor methods. This section presents a number of evaluation initiatives, playing a part in exploring new approaches to ‘good’ evaluation.