bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asthma control and COPD symptom burden in patients using fixed-dose combination inhalers (SPRINT study)
Authors: Roche Nicolas , Plaza Vicente , Backer Vibeke , van der Palen Job , Cerveri Isa , Gonzalez Chelo , Safioti Guilherme , Scheepstra Irma , Patino Oliver , Singh Dave 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have found suboptimal control of symptom burden to be widespread among patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The Phase IV SPRINT study was conducted in 10 countries in Europe to assess asthma disease control and COPD symptom burden in patients treated with a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting beta agonists (LABAs). SPRINT included 1101 patients with asthma and 560 with COPD; all were receiving treatment with an FDC of ICS/LABA, delivered via various inhalers. Data were obtained over a 3-month period, during a single routine physician’s office visit. Asthma control was defined as Asthma Control Test (ACT) score >19. COPD symptom burden was assessed by COPD Assessment Test (CAT), with a CAT score <10 defining low COPD symptom burden. Among patients using any ICS/LABA FDC, 62% of patients with asthma had achieved disease control (ACT score >19) and 16% of patients with COPD had low symptom burden (CAT score <10).
Design and simulation of a flat cap mushroom shape microelectromechanical systems piezoelectric transducer with the application as hydrophone
Authors: Amiri Peyman , Kordrostami Zoheir , Ghoddus Hossein 
Published: January 2020

A microelectromechanical systems piezoelectric transducer capable of measuring static accelerations and acoustic vibrations has been designed and proposed. The transducer is composed of a circular plate on a pillar, which is fixed at the centre and free at the rim so that it resembles a flat cap mushroom. An annular piezoelectric layer has been employed to convert the vibration‐induced stress of the plate to a potential difference. The proposed structure has been compared with diaphragm piezoelectric transducers and hydrophones and its superior performance has been verified. Analytical models for both static and dynamic accelerations have been developed, discussed and the output voltage has been formulated, which is in a very good agreement with the finite element analysis. Results show that the maximum sensitivity is achieved when there is an annular piezoelectric layer on the plate around the pillar perimeter. The effect of different geometrical parameters on the transducer performance has been studied. The proposed flat cap mushroom shape piezoelectric transducer could achieve −186.5 dB sensitivity and a very wide bandwidth. Another important advantage of the proposed structure is that by controlling the pillar radius and without changing the plate size, the sensitivity can be enhanced.
Diagnosis and Treatment Before Assisted Reproductive Treatments. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k Level, AWMF Register Number 015-085, February 2019) – Part 2, Hemostaseology, Andrology, Genetics and History of Malignant Disease
Authors: Toth Bettina , Baston-Büst Dunja Maria , Behre Hermann M. , Bielfeld Alexandra , Bohlmann Michael , Bühling Kai , Dittrich Ralf , Goeckenjan Maren , Hancke Katharina , Kliesch Sabine , Köhn Frank-Michael , Krüssel Jan , Kuon Ruben , Liebenthron Jana , Nawroth Frank , Nordhoff Verena , Pinggera Germar-Michael , Rogenhofer Nina , Rudnik-Schöneborn Sabine , Schuppe Hans-Christian , Schüring Andreas , Seifert-Klauss Vanadin , Strowitzki Thomas , Tüttelmann Frank , Vomstein Kilian , Wildt Ludwig , Wischmann Tewes , Wunder Dorothea , Zschocke Johannes 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Supporting and counselling couples with fertility issues prior to starting ART is a multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The first German-language interdisciplinary S2k guideline on “Diagnosis and Therapy Before Assisted Reproductive Treatments (ART)” was published in February 2019. The guideline was developed in the context of the guidelines program of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG) in cooperation with the Swiss Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (SGGG) and the Austrian Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG).
Aim In one third of cases, the cause of involuntary childlessness remains unclear, even if the woman or man have numerous possible risk factors. Because the topic is still very much taboo, couples may be socially isolated and often only present quite late to a fertility center. There is no standard treatment concept for these patients at present, as there are currently no standard multidisciplinary procedures for the diagnostic workup and treatment of infertility. The aim of this guideline is to provide physicians with evidence-based recommendations for counselling, diagnosis and treatment.
Methods This S2k guideline was developed on behalf of the Guidelines Commission of the DGGG by representative members from different professional medical organizations and societies using a structured consensus process.
Recommendations This second part of the guideline describes the hematological workup for women as well as additional diagnostic procedures which can be used to investigate couples and which are carried out in cooperation with physicians working in other medical fields such as andrologists, geneticists and oncologists.
Werden besonders Patienten mit einer Persönlichkeitsstörung vom Borderline-Typ durch das psychiatrische Pflegepersonal stigmatisiert?
Authors: Breneise Regine , Schäfer Marvin , Schomerus Georg , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Thiel Carolin , Luck-Sikorski Claudia 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Einstellungen des psychiatrischen Pflegepersonals zu Patienten mit einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) oder Depression.
Methode Pflegekräfte mehrerer Stationen (N = 37) erhielten randomisierte Fragebögen mit Fallvignetten (BPS oder Depression), um Einstellungen, soziale Distanz und emotionale Reaktionen zu vergleichen.
Ergebnisse Patienten mit BPS werden im Vergleich zu depressiven Patienten stärker abgewertet und negativer beurteilt.
Schlussfolgerung Für Patienten mit einer BPS besteht ein erheblicher Unterstützungsbedarf, aus diesem Grund sollte der Fokus auf einen professionellen Umgang gelegt werden.
Arthroseprävention und mögliche zukünftige Ansätze der Arthrosetherapie – Sicht der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie
Authors: Rackwitz Lars , Pullig Oliver , Nöth Ulrich 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Arthrose wird heute als eine biomechanische und inflammatorische Organerkrankung angesehen. Biomechanisch stehen die angeborenen und erworbenen präarthrotischen Gelenkerkrankungen im Fokus der Erkrankung. Weiterentwicklungen etablierter operativer Verfahren sowie neue entwickelte Techniken haben insbesondere in der Hüft- und Kniegelenkchirurgie dazu beigetragen dem Patienten bessere präventive Therapieoptionen anbieten zu können. Bezüglich der inflammatorischen Komponente hat sich in der letzten Dekade das Feld der regenerativen Therapien mit neuen therapeutischen Ansätzen entwickelt. Die intraartikuläre Applikation von thrombozytenreichen Plasma, Konzentraten aus Knochenmark-/Fettgewebe und ex vivo expandierten mesenchymalen Stammzellen haben erste viel versprechende Ergebnisse gezeigt. Allerdings fehlen bisher aussagekräftige prospektiv-randomisierte klinische Studien. In dieser Arbeit sollen die neuesten Therapieansätze bzgl. der biomechanischen und inflammatorischen Komponenten der Arthrose aus orthopädisch–unfallchirurgischer Sicht dargestellt und diskutiert werden. Desweitern werden neue Ergebnisse etablierter Behandlungsverfahren, wie die Applikation von Chondroprotektiva und Innovationen in der Endoprothetik beleuchtet.
3,3′-Bithiophene-Based Chiral Bisphosphine Oxides as Organocatalysts in Silicon-Derived Lewis Acid Mediated Reactions
Authors: Rossi Sergio , Benincori Tiziana , Raimondi Laura Maria , Benaglia Maurizio 
Published: January 2020

This account summarizes the development of new biheteroaromatic chiral bisphosphine oxides. 3,3′-Bithiophene-based phosphine oxides (BITIOPOs) have been successfully used as organocatalysts to promote Lewis base catalyzed, Lewis acid mediated stereoselective transformations. These highly electron-rich compounds, in combination with trichorosilyl derivatives (allyltrichlorosilane and silicon tetrachloride), generate hypervalent silicon species that act as chiral Lewis acids in highly diastereo- and enantioselective organic reactions. Several relevant examples related to these applications are discussed in detail.1	Introduction2	The BITIOPO Family3	Enantioselective Opening of Epoxides4	Enantioselective Allylation of Aldehydes5	Stereoselective Direct (Double) Aldol-Type Reaction with Ketones6	Stereoselective Direct Aldol-Type Reaction with Ester Derivatives7	Conclusions
Diagnostic Modalities in Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Feingold Daniel L. , Pappou Emmanouil P. , Lee-Kong Steven A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA variety of diagnostic modalities is available to assist in the evaluation of patients presenting with acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. This article reviews some older technologies like colonoscopy, nuclear scintigraphy, and conventional angiography and will also review the newest additions to the lower GI bleeding diagnostic toolbox, which are video capsule endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) angiography. The management algorithm used at a given institution depends on the available expertise and resources.
Classical but Not Rap Music Significantly Improves Transferability and Long-Term Acquisition of Laparoscopic Suturing Skills: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mietzsch Stefan , Bergholz Robert , Boettcher Johannes , Klippgen Lea , Wenskus Julia , Reinshagen Konrad , Boettcher Michael 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Acoustic distractions have been shown to increase the level of stress and workload in the operating room (OR). Noise significantly reduces surgical performance, but experienced surgeons are able to reduce the acoustic perception of their surroundings to maintain a high level of performance in complex surgical tasks. However, music has been shown to improve learning and performance of complex motor skills. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of music on transferability and long-term acquisition of laparoscopic suturing skills.
Materials and Methods To evaluate the effects of music on training, subjects were asked to perform four surgeon's square knots on a bowel model within 30 minutes—prior and post 3 hours of hands-on training. To examine long-term skills, the same students were asked to perform a comparable, but more complex, task (four slip knots in a model of esophageal atresia) 6 months post initial training, as a follow-up measurement. Total time, knot stability (evaluated via tensiometer), suture accuracy, knot quality (Muresan scale), and laparoscopic performance (Munz checklist) were assessed.
Results Twenty-four students were included in the study; after simple randomization, 16 were trained while exposed to music (eight to Bach and eight to Bushido) and eight with traditional methods. Seven were lost due to follow-up. Both groups had comparable baseline characteristics and significantly improved after training, in all parameters assessed in this study. Subjects that trained with classical music were superior in terms of speed (p = 0.006), knot quality (p = 0.014), and procedural performance (p = 0.034) compared with controls.
Conclusion Music during acquisition of complex motor skills, like laparoscopic suturing and knot tying, is superior to traditional training. Especially music considered nondisturbing significantly improved speed, knot quality, and performance. Thus, incorporation of pleasant music into surgical skills training and the OR should be considered.
The Matrisome, Inflammation, and Liver Disease
Authors: Dolin Christine E. , Arteel Gavin E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChronic fatty liver disease is common worldwide. This disease is a spectrum of disease states, ranging from simple steatosis (fat accumulation) to inflammation, and eventually to fibrosis and cirrhosis if untreated. The fibrotic stage of chronic liver disease is primarily characterized by robust accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (collagens) that ultimately impairs the function of the organ. The role of the ECM in early stages of chronic liver disease is less well-understood, but recent research has demonstrated that several changes in the hepatic ECM in prefibrotic liver disease are not only present but may also contribute to disease progression. The purpose of this review is to summarize the established and proposed changes to the hepatic ECM that may contribute to inflammation during earlier stages of disease development, and to discuss potential mechanisms by which these changes may mediate the progression of the disease.
Neonatal Outcomes of Triplet Pregnancies Conceived via In Vitro Fertilization versus Other Methods of Conception
Authors: Badreldin Nevert , Peress Danielle A. , Yee Lynn M. , Battarbee Ashley N. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aims to investigate neonatal outcomes of triplet gestations conceived via in vitro fertilization (IVF) compared with those not conceived by IVF.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of women who delivered a triplet gestation ≥24 weeks at a large academic center (2005–2016). Women with unknown mode of conception were excluded. Women who conceived via IVF were compared with those conceiving spontaneously or through non-IVF fertility treatments. The primary outcome was a composite severe neonatal morbidity (respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity, neonatal sepsis, or death). Bivariate comparisons were made by mode of conception and unadjusted generalized estimating equations were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) after accounting for the clustering of neonate by mother.
Results Among 82 women included in this analysis, 51 (62%) conceived via IVF. Women who conceived via IVF were older (35.2 vs. 30.7, p < 0.001) and more likely to be of non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity (91.8 vs. 70.0%, p < 0.01) and married (100 vs. 90.0%, p = 0.02) when compared with women who did not conceive via IVF. Although women who conceived via IVF delivered at an earlier gestational age than those who did not (32.9 ± 3.0 vs. 33.7 ± 2.6 weeks, p = 0.02), there was no significant difference in composite neonatal morbidity (34.0 vs. 28.0%, p = 0.32; OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 0.60–2.91). Additionally, there were no significant differences between the groups with regard to other neonatal outcomes examined, including fetal growth restriction, birthweight, umbilical artery pH <7, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, duration in the NICU, need for mechanical ventilation, or duration of mechanical ventilation.
Conclusion Neonatal outcomes among triplet gestations did not differ by IVF in this well-characterized, single-center cohort.
Early childhood deprivation is associated with alterations in adult brain structure despite subsequent environmental enrichment
Authors: Mackes Nuria K. , Golm Dennis , Sarkar Sagari , Kumsta Robert , Rutter Michael , Fairchild Graeme , Mehta Mitul A. , Sonuga-Barke Edmund J. S. ,   on behalf of the ERA Young Adult Follow-up team, Sonuga-Barke Edmund , Kennedy Mark , Kreppner Jana , Knights Nicky , Kumsta Robert , Maughan Barbara , Schlotz Wolff 
Published: January 2020

SignificanceMillions of children worldwide live in nonfamilial institutions. We studied impact on adult brain structure of a particularly severe but time-limited form of institutional deprivation in early life experienced by children who were subsequently adopted into nurturing families. Institutional deprivation was associated with lower total brain volume in a dose-dependent way. Regionally specific effects were seen in medial prefrontal, inferior frontal, and inferior temporal areas. Deprivation-related alterations in total brain volume were associated with lower intelligence quotient and more attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms; alterations in temporal volume seemed compensatory, as they were associated with fewer attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. We provide evidence that early childhood deprivation is related to alterations in adult brain structure, despite environmental enrichment in intervening years.
Water level changes, subsidence, and sea level rise in the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta
Authors: Becker Mélanie , Papa Fabrice , Karpytchev Mikhail , Delebecque Caroline , Krien Yann , Khan Jamal Uddin , Ballu Valérie , Durand Fabien , Le Cozannet Gonéri , Islam A. K. M. Saiful , Calmant Stéphane , Shum C. K. 
Published: January 2020

Significance
This work provides a robust estimate of water-level (WL) changes in the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta, driven by continental freshwater dynamics, vertical land motion, and sea-level rise. Through an unprecedented set of 101 gauges, we reconstruct WL variations since the 1970s and show that the WL across the delta increased slightly faster, ∼3 mm/y, than the global mean sea-level rise (∼2 mm/y). By combining satellite altimetry and WL reconstructions, we estimate that maximum expected rates of delta subsidence since the 1990s range from 1 to 7 mm/y. By 2100, even under a greenhouse gas emission mitigation scenario (RCP4.5), the subsidence could double the projected sea-level rise, making it reach 85 to 140 cm across the delta.
Large-scale contractions of Friedreich’s ataxia GAA repeats in yeast occur during DNA replication due to their triplex-forming ability
Authors: Khristich Alexandra N. , Armenia Jillian F. , Matera Robert M. , Kolchinski Anna A. , Mirkin Sergei M. 
Published: January 2020

Significance
Expansions of GAA repeats cause a severe hereditary neurodegenerative disease, Friedreich’s ataxia. In this study, we characterized the mechanisms of GAA repeat contractions in a yeast experimental system. These mechanisms might, in the long run, aid development of a therapy for this currently incurable disease. We show that GAA repeats contract during DNA replication, which can explain the high level of somatic instability of this repeat in patient tissues. We also provided evidence that a triple-stranded DNA structure is at the heart of GAA repeat instability. This discovery highlights the role of triplex DNA in genome instability and human disease.
Intermediate states of molecular self-assembly from liquid-cell electron microscopy
Authors: Wang Huan , Li Bo , Kim Ye-Jin , Kwon Oh-Hoon , Granick Steve 
Published: January 2020

SignificanceGraphene liquid-cell electron microscopy reveals intermediate states of self-assembly—in this example, DNA when single strands form double helices. Molecules are observed for up to minutes at a time without apparent beam damage when electron energy and electron dose are low. Simultaneous in situ single-molecule imaging of conformational adaptations and motion gives more comprehensive understanding of self-assembly successes, failures, and error-producing mechanisms, confirming some earlier predictions and also presenting surprises. Loop intermediates were observed to facilitate error correction. Hybridization events accompany enhanced translational mobility and mechanistically specific persistent rotation. The information obtained goes beyond that from other single-molecule methods.
Anomalous lattice stiffening in tungsten tetraboride solid solutions with manganese under compression
Authors: Li Haijing , Tao Qiang , Dong Juncai , Gong Yu , Guo Zhiying , Liao Jiangwen , Hao Xinyu , Zhu Pinwen , Liu Jing , Chen Dongliang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Tungsten tetraboride (WB4)-based solid solutions represent one of the most promising superhard metal candidates; however, their underlying hardening mechanisms have not yet been fully understood. Here, we explore the lattice compressibility of WB4 binary solid solutions with different manganese (Mn) concentrations using high-pressure x-ray diffraction (XRD) up to 52 GPa. Under initial compression, the lattices of low and high Mn-doped WB4 alloys (i.e. W0.96Mn0.04B4 and W0.84Mn0.16B4) are shown to be more and less compressible than pure WB4, respectively. Then, a c-axis softening is found to occur above 39 GPa in WB4, consistent with previous results. However, an anomalous sudden a-axis stiffening is revealed at ~36 GPa in W0.96Mn0.04B4, along with suppression of c-axis softening observed in WB4. Furthermore, upon Mn addition, a simultaneous stiffening of a- and c-axes is demonstrated in W0.84Mn0.16B4 at ~37 GPa. Speculation on the possible relationship between this anomalous stiffening and the combined effects of valence-electron concentration (VEC) and atomic size mismatch is also included to understand the origin of the nearly identical hardness enhancement in those two solid solutions compared to WB4. Our findings emphasize the importance of accurate bonding and structure manipulation via solute atoms to best optimize the hardness of WB4 solid solutions.
Semi-device-independent quantum money
Authors: Horodecki Karol , Stankiewicz Maciej 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The seminal idea of quantum money, not forgeable due to laws of Quantum Mechanics, proposed by Stephen Wiesner, has laid the foundations for the Quantum Information Theory in the early ’70s. Recently, several other schemes for quantum currencies have been proposed, all, however, relying on the assumption that the quantum source device, acts according to its specification. This makes several known quantum money protocols vulnerable to the so-called hardware Trojan horse attacks. We, therefore, study the following problem: to what extent quantum money schemes can be made independent from the inner working of source and verification-devices used by the honest parties (bank and mint) in creating and processing the quantum money? Drawing inspirations from the semi-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol, we introduce the first scheme of quantum money with this assumption partially relaxed, along with the proof of its unforgeability. Finally, we formulate and discuss a quantum analog of the Oresme–Copernicus–Gresham’s law of economy, that may hold in the future.
Measuring von Neumann entanglement entropies without wave functions
Authors: Mendes-Santos T , Giudici G , Fazio R , Dalmonte M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present a method to measure the von Neumann entanglement entropy of ground states of quantum many-body systems which does not require access to the system wave function. The technique is based on a direct thermodynamic study of lattice entanglement Hamiltonians—recently proposed in the paper [Dalmonte et al 2018 Nat. Phys.
14 827] via field theoretical insights—and can be performed by quantum Monte Carlo methods. We benchmark our technique on critical quantum spin chains, and apply it to several two-dimensional quantum magnets, where we are able to unambiguously determine the onset of area law in the entanglement entropy, the number of Goldstone bosons, and to check a recent conjecture on geometric entanglement contribution at critical points described by strongly coupled field theories. The protocol can also be adapted to measure entanglement in experiments via quantum quenches.