bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Case Series: Ischemic Stroke Associated with Hypercoagulability in Individuals with Severe Anorexia Nervosa.”
Authors: Mimura Yu , Shimizu Yusuke , Oi Hiroki , Kurose Shin , Kudo Shun , Takata Taketo , Mimura Masaru , Funayama Michitaka 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNumerous reports have indicated that patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) are at a relatively high risk of developing vascular diseases, including cardiovascular events and venous thromboembolism. However, there have been no previous reports of the development of ischemic stroke during refeeding therapy in patients with severe AN. This report is aimed at reporting the characteristics of an ischemic stroke in patients with AN.Case presentationsOur study cohort consisted of 29 admission cases (19 patients), who received thorough medical, neurological and psychiatric examinations. Two patients were diagnosed as having developed ischemic stroke; the first patient showed multiple asymptomatic infarctions in the brain, while the second showed symptomatic focal infarction. Our findings suggest that dehydration and arteriosclerosis, in association with severe malnutrition, could predispose to the development of ischemic stroke in patients with severe AN.ConclusionsDevelopment of ischemic stroke in patients with AN might be overlooked. Our case series suggest that dehydration and arteriosclerosis, in association with severe malnutrition, may predispose to the development of ischemic stroke in patients with severe AN. Watching out for neurological signs would help in early diagnosis of ischemic stroke in patients with AN.
Tailored microstructure and robust joint of Inconel 718/316L bimetallic multi-material fabricated by selective laser melting
Authors: Wen Shifeng , Chen Keyu , Che Yusi , Liu Yang , Gan Jie , Zhou Yan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, selective laser melting (SLM) technology was used to fabricate Inconel 718/316L bimetallic multi-material with robust bonding strength, and a deep insight into the microstructural morphology, mechanical property and its strengthening mechanism of the joint was taken. The transition region with a wide of approximately 150 μm was defined and showed a dominating columnar region which was embedded in dispersed Laves phase occupied the molten of Inconel 718 closed to the joint. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern detected the strong peaks of γ', γ'' and a weaker peak of d phase precipitates. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed that a distinct grain coarsened region existing and Inconel 718 region had a strong fabric texture with a <001>// Z (BD) orientation. The shear strength of the as-built joint was calculated to be 449.5 MPa, which was comparable to the nickel/steel multi-materials formed by other traditional processing technologies.
Constructing a malaria-related health service readiness index and assessing its association with child malaria mortality: an analysis of the Burkina Faso 2014 SARA data
Authors: Millogo Ourohiré , Doamba Jean Edouard Odilon , Sié Ali , Utzinger Juerg , vounatsou penelope 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Abstract
Background: The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) surveys generate data on the readiness of health facility services. We constructed a readiness index related to malaria services and determined the association between health facility malaria readiness and malaria mortality in children under the age of 5 years in Burkina Faso.
Methods: Data on inpatients visits and malaria-related deaths in under 5-year-old children were extracted from the national Health Management Information System (HMIS) in Burkina Faso. Bayesian geostatistical models with variable selection were fitted to malaria mortality data. The most important facility readiness indicators related to general and malaria-specific services were determined. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was used to construct a composite facility readiness score based on multiple factorial axes. The analysis was carried out separately for 112 medical centres and 546 peripheral health centres.
Results: Malaria mortality rate in medical centres was 4.8 times higher than that of peripheral health centres (3.46% vs. 0.72%, p<0.0001). Essential medicines was the domain with the lowest readiness (only 0.1% of medical centres and 0% of peripheral health centres had the whole set of tracer items of essential medicines). Basic equipment readiness was the highest. The composite readiness score explained 30% and 53% of the original set of items for medical centres and peripheral health centres, respectively. Mortality rate ratio (MRR) was by 59% (MRR = 0.41, 95% Bayesian credible interval (BCI): 0.19-0.91) lower in the high readiness group of peripheral health centres, compared to the low readiness group. Medical centres readiness was not related to malaria mortality. The geographical distribution of malaria mortality rate indicate that regions with health facilities with high readiness show lower mortality rates.
Conclusion: Performant health services in Burkina Faso are associated with lower malaria mortality rates. Health system readiness should be strengthened in the regions of Sahel, Sud-Ouest and Boucle du Mouhoun. Emphasis should be given to improving the management of essential medicines and to reducing delays of emergency transportation between the different levels of the health system.

Keywords: Bayesian geostatistical models, Burkina Faso, Composite readiness index, Malaria, Service Availability and Readiness Assessment
Menopause Is a Natural Stage of Aging: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ilankoon IMPS , Samarasinghe Kerstin , Elgán Carina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Menopause is a biopsychosocial phenomenon encompassing the transition in a woman’s life from being fertile to infertile. Although menopause may result in extremely unpleasant physical symptoms there is evidence of a low rate of reported menopausal symptoms amongst women in Asian cultures. Women’s experiences, views, and responses to menopause which influences women’s daily life and well-being, may vary between different societies and cultures. This study aimed to explore and describe menopausal experiences among women in Sri Lanka. Methods A qualitative exploratory research was conducted among postmenopausal women of 46-55 years of age in the western province of Sri Lanka. Individual interviews with a purposive sample of 20 women were conducted, and data analysis was done using manifest and latent content analysis. Results The results consist of an overall theme, “Menopause is a natural stage of aging” and three categories “Entering a new stage”, “Managing menopause” and “Not the end of life” which emerged from 34 codes. The overall theme highlights that changes in menopause were experienced as a natural change in life, with health problems that are normal for this change and handled with different self-care practices. The category “Entering a new stage” describes the women becoming aware of menopause and its bodily changes. The category “Managing menopause” describes women’s experiences of being able to find their own remedies to ease the menopausal symptoms and by engaging in religious activities and focusing on interaction with people. The category, “Not the end of life” describes women's views of themselves as still valuable because menopause was experienced as a natural part of their lives. Conclusion Women in Sri Lanka managed menopausal problem mainly on their own as they viewed the menopause as a natural stage of aging risking unnecessary suffering and failure to detect preventable complications. Enabling support groups for menopausal women and improving on their health-seeking behaviour by encouraging them to take part in screening for cervical and breast cancer would improve their condition. Further information on additional hormone therapy with a, subsequent follow-up and evaluation by community health nurses and/or midwives, would facilitate Sri Lankan women's transition to menopause.
Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on patients with aspiration pneumonia accompanied by respiratory failure in the post-stroke sequelae stage
Authors: Xing Dong , Chen Yu-Hong , Wang Lan-Tao , Yu Bin , Ran Zhi-Bin , Chen Li 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy on patients with aspiration pneumonia accompanied by respiratory failure in the post-stroke sequelae stage, with the goal of providing more effective oxygen therapy and improving patient prognosis. Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 103 elderly patients with post-stroke aspiration pneumonia and moderate respiratory failure (oxygenation index: 100–200 mmHg) that had been admitted. The patients were divided into two groups according to the mode of oxygen therapy that was used: the Venturi mask group and the HFNC treatment group. The two groups were analyzed and compared in terms of the changes in the blood gas indices measured at different points in time (4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h), the proportion of patients that required transition to invasive auxiliary ventilation, and the 28-day mortality rate. Results: A total of 103 patients were retrospectively analyzed; 16 cases were excluded, and 87 patients were included in the final patient group (42 in the HFNC group and 45 in the Venturi group). There was a statistically significant difference in the oxygenation indices of the HFNC group and the Venturi group (F = 546.811, P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant interaction between the monitored oxygenation indices and the mode of oxygen therapy (F = 70.961, P < 0.05), and there was a statistically significant difference in the oxygenation indices for the two modes of oxygen therapy (F = 256.977, P < 0.05). HFNC therapy contributed to the improvement of the oxygenation indices at a rate of 75.1%. The Venturi and HFNC groups also differed significantly in terms of the proportion of patients that required transition to invasive auxiliary ventilation within 72 h (P < 0.05). The HFNC group’s risk for invasive ventilation was 0.406 times that of the Venturi group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the 28-day mortality rate of the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: HFNC could significantly improve the oxygenation state of patients with post-stroke aspiration pneumonia and respiratory failure, and it may reduce the incidence of invasive ventilation.
Nurses’ and midwives’ perspectives on participation in national policy development, review and reforms in Ghana: A qualitative study
Authors: Acheampong Angela Kwartemaa , Ohene Lillian Akorfa , Asante Isabella Naana Akyaa , Kyei Josephine , Dzansi Gladys , Adjei Charles Ampong , Adjorlolo Samuel , Boateng Francis , Woolley Philomena , Nyante Felix , Aziato Lydia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization has admonished member countries to strive towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC) through actionable health policies and strategies. Nurses and midwives have instrumental roles in achieving UHC via health policy development and implementation. However, there is a paucity of empirical data on nurses’ and midwives’ participation in policy development in Ghana. The current study explored nurses’ and midwives’ participation in policy development, reviews, and reforms in Ghana.Methods: A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was adopted for this study. One-on-one individual interviews were conducted after 30 participants were purposefully selected. Data were audiotaped with permission, transcribed, and analyzed inductively using the content analysis procedures. Results: Two main themes emerged from the data: participation in policy development and perspectives on policy reviews and reforms. The findings showed that during health policy development and reviews, nurses in Ghana were overlooked and unacknowledged. Policy reforms regarding bridging the pre-service preparation gap, staff development and motivation mechanisms, and influence on admission into nursing schools were raisedConclusion: The authors concluded that nurses and midwives are crucial members of the healthcare systems and their inputs in policy development and reviews would improve health delivery in Ghana.
Humanistic Care in the Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hasandoost Fateme , Mohammadi Eesa , Khademi Mojgan , Seddighi Mahyar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Nurses working in intensive care units do their main part of the job using medical equipment. Nursing scholars have raised concerns about the decline and lack of attention to humanistic care in nursing. One of the threatening factors can be the high attention of nurses to the use of technology, especially in intensive care. Up to now, there has been little investigation of the nurses' perceptions of this phenomenon. The aim of the study was, therefore, to explore the perceptions of nurses and attendants of humanistic care in the intensive care unit.Methods: The present study was a qualitative conventional content analysis (COREQ guidelines) conducted in. an intensive care unit in a hospital in Qazvin, Iran, in 2019. Data was collected using unstructured interviews and field notes and then analyzed using the Elo-Kyngäs method in 2008. Findings: Continuous and comparative analysis of the data led to the extraction of 4 main themes as follows: 1) Insufficient understanding of nurses and patients’ families of each other's roles, needs, and expectations; 2) The use of personal and situational reasoning rather than ethical principles; 3) Caring stagnation, and 4) Satisfaction with care.Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated that due to insufficient equipment, high workloads, and anxieties, nurses and attendants might not be able to understand each other’s roles and expectations. If it is not resolved properly, this situation will end in conflicts and stagnation in healthcare. Patients admitted to an intensive care unit are usually in critical health conditions. However, nurses feel satisfied with the outcome of their jobs when those patients are discharged from the hospital with a stable health condition. Shedding more light on the humanistic care status in intensive care units in Iran, the results of this research can be applied to health professionals and nursing managers.
Growing up in a Single Parent Family; A Determining factor of Adolescent’s Well-being
Authors: Gupta Ajita , Kashyap Seema 
Published: December 2020

Family is the backbone of all children and children are supposed to grow in a family setting where both mother and father plays their respective roles in providing them a sense of security and stability but when it is done single handedly it becomes quite difficult to perform up to the expectations. In recent years, there has been a sudden rise in the phenomenon of single parent families in India due to multiple factors including the influences from western society. The present article is an attempt to review the available literature on single parent families, their causal factors, strengths as well as its weaknesses. Furthermore, the positive and negative impact of single parenting on adolescent’s physical, psychological, emotional, behavioral, educational and social wellbeing is also discussed in detail. Besides, this paper suggests few strategies for single parents so that they can easily manage and cope up with the difficulties they face in such situations which might be helpful in improving the wellbeing of their adolescent children.
A Social Media Campaign (#datasaveslives) to Promote the Benefits of Using Health Data for Research Purposes: Mixed Methods Analysis
Authors: Hassan Lamiece , Nenadic Goran , Tully Mary Patricia 
Published: December 2020

Background
Social media provides the potential to engage a wide audience about scientific research, including the public. However, little empirical research exists to guide health scientists regarding what works and how to optimize impact. We examined the social media campaign #datasaveslives established in 2014 to highlight positive examples of the use and reuse of health data in research.

Objective
This study aims to examine how the #datasaveslives hashtag was used on social media, how often, and by whom; thus, we aim to provide insights into the impact of a major social media campaign in the UK health informatics research community and further afield.

Methods
We analyzed all publicly available posts (tweets) that included the hashtag #datasaveslives (N=13,895) on the microblogging platform Twitter between September 1, 2016, and August 31, 2017. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses, we determined the frequency and purpose of tweets. Social network analysis was used to analyze and visualize tweet sharing (retweet) networks among hashtag users.

Results
Overall, we found 4175 original posts and 9720 retweets featuring #datasaveslives by 3649 unique Twitter users. In total, 66.01% (2756/4175) of the original posts were retweeted at least once. Higher frequencies of tweets were observed during the weeks of prominent policy publications, popular conferences, and public engagement events. Cluster analysis based on retweet relationships revealed an interconnected series of groups of #datasaveslives users in academia, health services and policy, and charities and patient networks. Thematic analysis of tweets showed that #datasaveslives was used for a broader range of purposes than indexing information, including event reporting, encouraging participation and action, and showing personal support for data sharing.

Conclusions
This study shows that a hashtag-based social media campaign was effective in encouraging a wide audience of stakeholders to disseminate positive examples of health research. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the campaign supported community building and bridging practices within and between the interdisciplinary sectors related to the field of health data science and encouraged individuals to demonstrate personal support for sharing health data.
Using Artificial Neural Network Condensation to Facilitate Adaptation of Machine Learning in Medical Settings by Reducing Computational Burden: Model Design and Evaluation Study
Authors: Liu Dianbo , Zheng Ming , Sepulveda Nestor Andres 
Published: December 2020

Background
Machine learning applications in the health care domain can have a great impact on people’s lives. At the same time, medical data is usually big, requiring a significant number of computational resources. Although this might not be a problem for the wide adoption of machine learning tools in high-income countries, the availability of computational resources can be limited in low-income countries and on mobile devices. This can limit many people from benefiting from the advancement in machine learning applications in the field of health care.

Objective
In this study, we explore three methods to increase the computational efficiency and reduce model sizes of either recurrent neural networks (RNNs) or feedforward deep neural networks (DNNs) without compromising their accuracy.

Methods
We used inpatient mortality prediction as our case analysis upon review of an intensive care unit dataset. We reduced the size of RNN and DNN by applying pruning of “unused” neurons. Additionally, we modified the RNN structure by adding a hidden layer to the RNN cell but reducing the total number of recurrent layers to accomplish a reduction of the total parameters used in the network. Finally, we implemented quantization on DNN by forcing the weights to be 8 bits instead of 32 bits.

Results
We found that all methods increased implementation efficiency, including training speed, memory size, and inference speed, without reducing the accuracy of mortality prediction.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that neural network condensation allows for the implementation of sophisticated neural network algorithms on devices with lower computational resources.
Hubungan Agama dan Budaya pada Masyarakat Gampong Kereumbok Kabupaten Pidie, Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

This research paper (article) aims to reveal the correlation between religion and culture of “Keureumbok village” community based on the theory proposed by Geertz. The researcher investigated the paradigm displayed through an interpretive anthropological context to pinpoint religion as a system consisting of various symbols that have meaning. According to Geertz, religion is labeled as a system of symbols that exists and constructs cultural patterns, which in turn can form a model. In other words, religion is a model for reality (truth), which can only be perfectly and precisely acquired through interpretations. An interpretative method is a way that socially presents and scrutinizes empirical data about the real truth (reality), or social fact. The more sources can be collected, the higher the trust will be earned. In the case of religion and culture in the lay community of “Keureumbok village” in Aceh, the researcher viewed that the link was more closely related. It is found that “Keureumbok” people rely more on religious symbols, which are the manifestations of cultural elements. People, who previously value religion, instead decide to blend in religious life to avoid being shunned from the community to such an extent that religion and culture are interconnected in Aceh. Surprisingly, cultures dominantly play a role in society than in religious values. AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan melihat kaitan agama dan budaya pada masyarakat Gampong Keureumbok berdasarkan teori yang diungkapkan oleh Geertz. Peneliti mengkaji kerangka pemikiran yang ditampilkan melalui konteks antropologis interpretatif. Untuk memahami agama sebagai suatu sistem yang terdiri atas berbagai simbol yang mempunyai makna. Menurut Geertz agama dideskripsikan sebagai suatu sistem simbol-simbol yang ada dan membuat pola-pola budaya, yang pada gilirannya dapat membentuk model. Dengan kata lain, agama adalah model untuk realitas hanya dapat diperoleh dengan baik dan tepat melalui cara-cara interpretasi. Metode interpretatif adalah sesuatu cara yang menyajikan dan menjelaskan data empiris secara sosial mengenai kenyataan yang sesungguhnya (realitas), social fact (fakta sosial). Semakin banyak sumber laporan maka akan muncul kepercayaan yang tinggi terhadap laporan tersebut. Refleksi penulis dalam kasus agama dan budaya pada masyarakat awam di Keureumbok Aceh, lebih erat kaitannya. Penulis menemukan bahwa masyarakat Keureumbok lebih percaya pada symbol agama yang merupakan manifestasi dari unsur budaya. Masyarakat yang sudah memahami agama justru memilih melebur dalam kehidupan keagamaan, agar tidak dikucilkan dari kelompok masyarakat, sehingga di Aceh agama dan budaya saling terkait dan bahkan lebih dominan budaya yang berperan dalam masyarakat dari pada nilai-nilai agama.