bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kualitas Berkas Radiasi LINAC Untuk Effektivitas Radioterapi
Authors: Puspitasari Rahma Ajeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakKanker merupakan salah satu menyebabkan kematian tinggi di dunia. Salah satu metode untuk terapi kanker adalah radioterapi menggunakan sinar-X. Sinar-X dipercepat dan diarahkan menggunakan perangkat Linac. Penelitian tentang analisis kualitas berkas radiasi Linac dilakukan di Departemen Radiologi Rumah Sakit Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. Metode dilakukan dengan observasi dan membandingkannya dengan batas toleransi TRS 389 IAEA. Digunakan fantom sebagai peraga obervasi. Dari hasil pengukuran dan perhitungan terhadap keluaran berkas radiasi pesawat LINAC didapatkan: pada berkas foton dengan variasi energi 6 MV didapatkan nilai keluaran per 1 MU adalah 0,9938 cGy dengan penyimpangan pengukuran 1,173% . Pada berkas elektron dengan variasi energi 6 MeV dan 10 MeV didapatkan nilai keluaran per 1 MU masing-masing adalah 0,9925 cGy dan 1,0133 cGy dengan penyimpangan pengukuran 0,752 % dan 1,331 %. Kualitas keluaran berkas radiasi (berkas foton dan elektron) pesawat terapi LINAC di RSAL Dr Ramelan Surabaya telah sesuai dengan standar TRS 398 IAEA, penyimpangan masing-masing berkas masih dalam batas toleransi yaitu ± 2 % untuk fantom padat, untuk itu dosis output dari pesawat LINAC di RSAL Dr Ramelan Surabaya sesuai dengan batas dosis yang dibutuhkan oleh setiap pasien berdasarkan asas proteksi radiasi, sehingga masih aman digunakan untuk pengobatan radioterapi. Kata kunci—radiasi, radioterapi, Linac, phantom
Kasus Scabies (Sarcoptes Scabiei) Pada Kucing Di Klinik Intimedipet Surabaya
Authors: Susanto Heri 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakSarcoptes scabiei merupakan salah satu ektoparasit yang biasa menyerang kucing. Tungau ini hidup pada kulit dengan membuat terowongan pada stratum corneum dan melangsungkan hidupnya pada tempat tersebut (Henggae et al, 2006). Penyakit skabies dapat ditularkan melalui kontak langsung dengan hewan lain yang terkena skabies atau dengan adanya sumber tungau skabies di wilayah tempat tinggal kucing (Wardhana et al, 2006). Hewan terserang mengalami penurunan kondisi tubuh, menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi pemelihara dan lingkungan.Studi kasus ini dilakukan dengan cara mengambil data pasien kucing melalui pengamatan langsung dengan melakukan pemeriksaan fisik hewan, dilanjutkan diagnosa oleh Dokter Hewan di Klinik Intimedipet, kemudian dilakukan pengobatan skabies. Parameter yang diamati dalam kegiatan ini berupa kondisi menyeluruh kucing yang diperiksa dan penanganan yang diberikan untuk kasus yang menderita skabies.Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh pada tabel 1 umur kucing yang terkena skabies di Klinik Intimedipet rata-rata berumur kurang dari satu tahun, kemungkinan tertular dari induk yang sudah terinfeksi scabies sebelumnya. Sedangkan dari jenisnya 80% menyerang anak2 kucing Persian yang berbulu panjang. Saran yang perlu disampaikan bahwa penyakit skabies merupakan penyakit zoonosis, sehingga apabila hewan peliharaan yang terserang penyakit skabies sebaiknya segera dilakukan pengobatan secara intensif. Kata kunci—Scabies, kucing, klinik Intimedipet
Prison Labour in Colonial India: A Case Study of Assam
Authors: Das Dimpy , Sarma Dr. Barnali 
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the attitude of the British government towards the prisoners of Assam. Moreover, it investigates the policies adopted by the government about prison labour.
Prisons in Colonial India were known as the ‘house of industries’ rather than the house of rehabilitation and the disciplinary system that existed inside the prison walls emphasised more on attaining profit by instrumenting various types of punitive labour and rigorous methods of punishment. Throughout the Colonial period, the rules for prison administration was shaped and reshaped according to the needs of the colonial state and prisoners were squeezed in the name of discipline through prison labour. In India, the idea of reformation was boastfully propagated but never fully implemented inside the prisons. Prison and prison labour in colonial India has been discussed over a period of time in various academic platforms; however, no such discussions were made on the context of prisons of Assam. Therefore, through this study, an attempt has been made to offer an overview of the recommendations of the Prison Reform Committees and its implementation about prison labour and manufactures.
Indigenous or Blended Model for South Asian Social Work?
Authors: Pulla Venkat Rao , Das Tulshi Kumar , Nikku Bala Raju 
Published: June 2020

An argument about indigenous social work education often surfaces in South Asian schools of social work. In this study, central concerns around the indigenous argument, together with a review of the pervasive influence of the western model of social work in Asia is undertaken. The three author- research team, utilised a methodology that featured a desk review and an analysis of communications with select South Asian scholars and academics that were respondents for the study. Additionally, the authors present their personal reflections, that prudently address their positionality and reflexivity. The primary finding in this research paper is that the legacy of Western-influenced social work education is thriving within the region, despite criticism from different quarters about its effectiveness. The secondary finding is the admittance by respondent academics in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, India and Nepal that relevant to their societal context, limited adaptations have been introduced and are working in their respective countries. The current research provided an opportunity to research participants to view and summarily reject claims by certain bogies that western influence in social work is solely responsible for lack of cultural appropriation within the curriculum in South Asia. The study suggests that there is a lot that can take place by way of adaptation without sacrificing the cultural elements while rearranging the social work curriculum within the region. The authors strongly advocate a blended approach as a suitable course of moderation in the re-construction attempts of social work futures in South Asia.
Karakteristik Mineral Tanah Berbahan Vulkanik dan Potensi Kesuburannya di Pulau Jawa
Authors: Purwanto Setiyo , Abdul Gani Rachmat , Sukarman Sukarman 
Published: June 2020

<p><em><strong>Abstrak. </strong></em>Pulau Jawa memiliki gunung api terbanyak di Indonesia (45 buah). Material bersumber dari erupsi gunungapi (piroklastik) di sekitar Pulau Jawa menyebabkan kualitas kesuburan tanah di Pulau Jawa lebih baik dibandingkan wilayah lain di Indonesia. Wilayah pegunungan sering dijadikan sebagai daerah sentra usaha pertanian. Kajian terkait karakteristik mineralogi tanah dari bahan vulkanik di Pulau Jawa telah banyak dilakukan, namun terbatas pada penelitian yang bersifat mandiri (perwilayahan pegunungan). Mengungkap dan memperbandingkan data berkait karakteristik mineralogi tanah vulkanik di Pulau Jawa akan memperkaya hasanah keilmuan dan bermanfaat dalam tata kelola lahan pertanian. </p><p><em><strong>Abstract.</strong> </em>Java Island has the most volcanoes in Indonesia (45 volcanoes). Materials sourced from volcanic eruptions (pyroclastic) around the Java Island have caused the quality of soil fertility in Java is better than other regions in Indonesia. Mountainous areas are often used as a center of agricultural business, especially horticulture. Studies related to the mineralogical characteristics of soil from volcanic material on the Java Island have been widely carried out, but are limited to independent research (single mountain territory). Revealing and comparing data related to the mineralogical characteristics of volcanic soils in the Java Island will enriches scientific knowledge and useful in the management of agricultural land.<br /><br /></p>
Pengendalian Keracunan Besi untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Padi di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Bukaan Baru
Authors: Masganti Masganti , Susilawati Ani , Khairullah Izhar , Anwar Khairil 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>. Kebutuhan beras nasional<strong> </strong>meningkat dari tahun ke tahun akibat pertambahan penduduk, peningkatan kebutuhan energi harian individu, dan masih rendahnya diversifikasi konsumsi sumber karbohidrat serta keinginan untuk menjadi lumbung pangan dunia (LPD) pada tahun 2045. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi padi nasional adalah melalui perluasan areal tanam dengan memanfaatkan lahan rawa pasang surut yang luasnya mencapai 8,92 juta hektare. Peningkatan luas tanam padi di lahan rawa pasang surut diantaranya dapat dilakukan melalui pembukaan lahan baru, baik dengan memanfaatkan lahan sawah terlantar maupun yang belum dimanfaatkan. Akan tetapi pembukaan lahan baru sering dihadapkan pada keracunan besi, sehingga tanaman padi tidak tumbuh dan berproduksi secara optimal. Keracunan besi dapat menurunkan produksi padi 30-100%, tergantung ketahanan varietas, intensitas keracunan, fase pertumbuhan, dan status kesuburan tanah. Keracunan besi merupakan penyakit fisiologis tanaman dengan penyebab utama adalah konsentrasi Fe<sup>2+</sup> yang tinggi dalam larutan tanah karena kondisi reduktif. Hal itu terkait dengan drainase yang jelek, nilai Eh yang rendah, defisiensi K, Ca, Mg, P, Zn, dan Mn, dan oksigen tanah yang rendah. Pengendalian keracunan besi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi di lahan rawa pasang surut bukaan baru dapat dilakukan melalui teknologi pengelolaan air, ameliorasi, pemupukan, pengaturan waktu tanam, dan penggunaan varietas yang toleran.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abtract</strong>. <em>National rice demand is increasing from year to year due to population growth, increasing individual daily energy needs, and the low diversification of consumption of carbohydrate sources and the desire to become a world food barn (LPD) in 2045. One effort to increase national rice production is through expansion planting area utilizing tidal swamp land which covers an area of 8.92 million hectares. Increasing the area of rice planting in tidal swamps can be done through the opening of new land, either by using abandoned or untapped rice fields. However, new land clearing is often faced with iron poisoning, so that rice plants do not grow and produce optimally. Iron poisoning can reduce rice production by 30-100%, depending on the variety resistance, poisoning intensity, growth phase, and soil fertility status. Iron poisoning is a physiological disease of plants with the main cause being high concentrations of Fe <sup>2+</sup> in soil solutions due to reductive conditions. This is related to poor drainage, low Eh values, deficiency of K, Ca, Mg, P, Zn, and Mn, and low soil oxygen. Control of iron poisoning to increase rice productivity in the new openings tidal swamps can be done through water management technology, amelioration, fertilization, planting time management, and the use of tolerant varieties.</em></p>
Peningkatan Produktivitas Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan Melalui Penerapan Teknologi Adaptif Dampak Perubahan Iklim
Authors: Wihardjaka Anicetus , Pramono Ali , Sutriadi Mas Teddy 
Published: June 2020

<p class="ParaAttribute5"><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Optimalisasi lahan sawah tadah hujan memberikan kontribusi terhadap ketersediaan pangan nasional yang sebagian besar masih dipasok dari lahan optimal sawah beririgasi. Lahan suboptimal sawah tadah hujan berpotensi dalam mendukung ketersediaan pangan nasional. Lahan sawah tadah hujan sangat rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim terutama cekaman kekeringan dan serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman. Antisipasi dampak perubahan iklim di lahan sawah tadah hujan dilakukan dengan penerapan teknologi adaptif dan sekaligus sebagai upaya mirigasi gas rumah kaca. Beberapa teknologi adaptif yang berpotensi meningkatkan produktivitas padi sawah tadah hujan adalah penggunaan varietas unggul baru, penentuan waktu tanam dengan kalender tanam, pengelolaan sumberdaya air dengan teknologi embung, pengendalian OPT terpadu dan pengelolaan lahan. Teknologi mitigasi seperti pengairan berselang, penggunaan varietas rendah emisi, penggunaan bahan amelioran, pemupukan secara berimbang, dan integrasi tanaman padi – ternak efektif menurunkan emisi gas rumah kaca di lahan sawah tadah hujan. Integrasi tanaman pangan-ternak bebas limbah merupakan salah satu upaya mensinergiskan aksi adaptasi dan aksi mitigas terhadap perubahan iklim di ekosistem lahan sawah tadah hujan.</p><p class="ParaAttribute5"> </p><p class="ParaAttribute5"><strong>Abstract</strong>. Optimization of rainfed lowland rice contributes on national food availability which is still generally supplied from irrigated lowland rice. The sub-optimal rainfed lowland is quite susceptible to climate change impacts, especially drought stress and incidence of pests and diseases. Anticipating climate change impacts in rainfed lowland are approached by applying adaptive technology as well as greenhouse gase mitigation. Some adaptive technologies which potentially increase rainfed rice productivity are new superior varieties, cropping calendar for determining planting time, water resources management with small water reservoir, and integrated pests and diseases control. Some mitigation technologies such as intermittent irrigation, high yielding varieties with low emissions, ameliorant materials use, balanced fertilization, and integrated food crop-livestock reduce effectively greenhouse gas emissions in rainfed lowland rice areas. Integrated food crops-livestock with zero waste systems is one of synergic efforts between adaptation and mitigation actions on climate change impacts in ecosystems of rainfed lowland rice.</p>
System for Assessing the Effectiveness of Temporary Blinding Devices
Authors: Terekhova M. S. , Rudikov S. I. , Shumski A. P. , Shkadarevich A. P. 
Published: June 2020

The development of non-lethal weapons and, in particular, temporary blinding devices is associated with problem of choosing boundaries of effectiveness. The aim of present work is determination of criteria for estimation of the effects of visual jamming devices action on the naked eye.The present-day scoring system used for effectiveness estimation of laser temporary blinding devices is based on maximum permissible exposure and/or accessible emission level defined for each hazard class in accordance with operating standard.In the present work we carried out analysis and modeling of the cases of application of temporary blinding laser devices. The proposed scoring system was founded on international standard IEC 60825-1-2014 as well as Manual on Laser Emitters and Flight Safety. The modeling of bright light action on observer eye was rested on CIE General Disability Glare Equation and provided quantitative description of jamming effectiveness. The main parameters used in this model and dictated by ambient light level and human eye characteristics, were veiling luminance and angle of distinguishing objects under it.In terms of exposition level and perception effects we determined six zones – unallowed, hazard, temporary blinding, discomfort, alerting, completely safe. Proposed system combined with modeling provides with visual demonstration of perceived light source and allows to describe human physiological sensation and to establish the fact of jamming at different distances. This system was the basis of the development of temporary blinding device for revelation of safe but effective spatial boundaries of action.
About Possibility of Remote Diagnostics of the Respiratory System by Auscultation
Authors: Zaitseva E. G. , Chernetsky M. V. , Shevel N. A. 
Published: June 2020

Development of technical base, software, accumulated information on the diagnosis of the respiratory system provided the prerequisites for creating remote diagnostics of the human respiratory system through auscultation. The known methods do not solve the problem of determining auscultation points at patent´s housing without a diagnostic specialist. The purpose of this study is to develop a method for remote diagnostics of the respiratory system which provides ability to determine the points of auscultation without presence of a diagnostic specialist.The definition of auscultation points is provided using a computer program that allows to calculate the points´ coordinates based on the coordinates of points that determine the anatomical structure of the patient's torso. The patient or his assistant places the recording device at the auscultation points combining their images on the display with the image of the location of the recording device. The signal recorded at the auscultation point is remotely transmitted to a specialist for direct analysis and/or computer processing. The diagnostic module consists of two main units. The first unit contains a stethoscope, microphone, and amplifier connected to a mobile phone or other similar device containing an accelerometer. The patient or his assistant at the housing uses the unit. The second unit is a mobile phone with a mechanical marker or a computer with the ability to access the network in conjunction with the necessary software and is used remotely by a diagnostic specialist. The layout of the unit for recording and transmitting breath sounds was made. To avoid discrepancies in the diagnostic results the technical characteristics of the module elements must be normalized. Unified software is required for the module to function. The organizational tasks that need to be solved for the implementation of diagnostics are formulated.Use of the method of remote diagnostics of the respiratory system, providing the ability to determine points of auscultation without the direct presence of a diagnostic specialist and the module will allow increasing efficiency of treatment of pulmonary diseases reduce infection risks and economic costs.
Implementation of the Spectral Method for Determining of Measuring Instruments' Dynamic Characteristics
Authors: Sabitov A. F. , Safina I. A. 
Published: June 2020

The spectral method for establishing dynamic response of measuring instruments basically requires determining the amplitude spectrum of the signal in its informative part that includes the amplitude spectrum at zero frequency. The operating frequency range of existing low-frequency spectrum analyzers is above zero frequency that leads to an uncertainty in dynamic response of measuring instruments determined by the spectral method. The purpose of this paper is to develop a program for calculating the signal amplitude spectrum, starting from zero frequency, to implement a spectral method for determining the dynamic response of measuring instruments on computers equipped with the MatLab package.To implement the spectral method for determining the dynamic response of measuring instruments, we developed a program in the MatLab 2013b environment that determines the signal amplitude spectrum from zero Hertz. The program reads the source data from Excel tables and presents the calculated amplitude spectrum as a chart and a report table.It is shown that the developed program calculates the signal amplitude spectrum with a standard deviation of not more than 3.4 % in the frequency range of 0 to 10 rad/s. The calculated amplitude spectrum allows determining the time constant of first-order aperiodic measuring instruments with an uncertainty of not more than 0.166 % at any noise level, if their frequencies are outside the information part of the spectrum.We demonstrated the claimed advantage of the spectral method for determining dynamic response using the developed program by the example of a high-frequency noise in the transient response of some measuring instruments.
Comprehensive analysis on phenotype and genetic basis of Chinese Fanconi anemia patients: dismal outcomes call for nationwide studies
Authors: Nie Daijing , Zhang Jing , Wang Fang , Zhang Wei , Liu Lili , Chen Xue , Zhang Yang , Cao Panxiang , Xiong Min , Wang Tong , Wu Ping , Ma Xiaoli , Tian Wenjun , Wang Mangju , Chen Kylan N. , Liu Hongxing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Fanconi anemia (FA) is the most common inherited bone marrow failure (BMF) syndrome with 22 related genes identified. The ALDH2 rs671variant has been proved related to accelerate the progression of BMF in FA patients. The phenotype and genetic basis of Chinese FA patients have not been investigated yet.Methods: We analyzed the 22 FA-related genes of 63 BMF patients suspected to be FA. Clinical manifestations, morphological and cytogenetic feathers, ALDH2 genotypes, treatment, and outcomes of the definite cases were retrospectively studied.Results: A total of 21 patients were confirmed the diagnosis of FA with the median age of BMF onset was 4-year-old. The number of patients manifested as congenital malformations and growth retardation were 20/21 and 14/21, respectively. BM dysplasia and cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 13/20 and 8/19 patients. All the patients with abnormal karyotypes also manifested as BM dysplasia or had evident blasts. Thirty-five different mutations were identified involving six genes and including twenty novel mutations. FANCA mutations contributed to 66.67% of cases. Eight patients harboring ALDH2-G/A genotype have a significantly younger age of BMF onset (p=0.025). Within the 19 patients adhering to continuous follow-up, 15 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs). During the 29 months of follow-up, 8/19 patients died, seven of which were HSCT-related, and one patient who did not receive HSCT died from severe infection.Conclusions: The phenotypic and genetic spectrum of Chinese FA patients is broad. Bone marrow dysplasia and cytogenetic abnormalities are prevalent and highly consistent. The overall outcome of HSCTs is disappointing. Nationwide multicenter studies are needed for the rarity and adverse outcome of this disease.
Photosynthesis, biomass and fine root growth dynamics of soybean in walnut-soybean agroforestry system
Authors: Liu Bin , Gao Pengxiang , Zhang Shuoxin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:Agroforestry system is regarded as a promising practice in sustainable agricultural management. However, the effects of long-term tree-based intercropping on crop remain poorly understood, especially in the Loess Plateau. In this study, the impacts of photosynthetic and respiration rate were determined by the portable photosynthesis system (Li-6400), and the effects of the root growth dynamics of soybean in walnut-soybean intercropping system were measured by soil auger and WinRHIZO root analysis system, in the Loess Plateau. Results:The results showed that soybean reached the highest net photosynthetic rate during flowering period, with the net photosynthetic rate of intercropped soybean, which was 20.40µmol·m-2·s-1, significantly higher than that of its monocropped counterpart. Soybean biomass reached the maximum during the pod-bearing period, with intercropped soybean biomass being 25.49g, significantly higher than that of its monocropped counterpart. The mean diameter and increased density of soybean fine roots reduced along with increased soil depth. Both the diameter (0.43mm) and increased density (930cm/dm3) of intercropped soybean fine roots were evidently higher than those of monocropped soybean(0.35mm, 780cm/dm3). With increasing cropping years, fine roots of intercropped soybean tended to be mainly distributed in soil at a depth between 0 and 20cm from the fifth year. Conclusion:Collectively, compared with soybean monoculture, walnut soybean agroforestry system is more conducive to soybean growth in the Loess Plateau.