bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does one person provide it all? Defining the social support of women with cancer
Authors: Dizon D. S. , Gass J. , Bandera C. , Weitzen S. , Clark M. 
Published: April 2020

8611 Background: Medical care encourages the appointment of a health care proxy in the event the patient cannot make decisions and it is assumed that this same person will serve other critical roles for the patient. Yet, this assumption that a patient truly relies on the same person for various supportive roles has never been formally evaluated. We hypothesized that there may be a large proportion of women with cancer who do not rely on the same person to be their primary support (PS), to participate in health care decision making as proxy (HCP), and serve as an emergency contact (EC). In order to evaluate this we conducted a questionnaire over a six-month period for women treated in the Program in Women’s Oncology (PWO). Methods: Patients seen at the PWO for a cancer diagnosis were invited to participate in a four part survey on social supports. Demographic data including age, race, cancer diagnosis, date of diagnosis, and current status were collected by chart review. Categorical variables were analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test or Chi-square analysis. Results: Over 6 months, 224/228 women (98%) agreed to participate. The median age was 58 (range, 30–85). 138 (62%) had breast cancer, 78 (35%) had a gynecologic cancer, and 8 (3.5%) had a non-gyn/non-breast tumor (6/8 colorectal). 66% were married, 8% had a partner, and 26% did not identify a partner. In this sample, 43% did not name the same person as EC, PS, and HCP. 75% named the EC as HCP, 68% EC as PS, and 62% PS as HCP (p<0.05). Of married women (n=147) only 60% named their spouse to all three roles. Divorced women were not as likely to name a partner to one of these roles as were single women with partners. When asked to define primary support, women had diverse perspectives spanning the emotional, physical, intimate, and spiritual dimensions. Age did not appear to be a significant predictor of how these questions were answered. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the complex social support structures of women with cancer. Understanding these relationships may help to enable more effective patient-centered interventions designed to improve quality of care and ultimately the quality of life of cancer survivors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A novel erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (AMG114) with 131-hour half-life effectively treats chemotherapy-induced anemia when administered as 200 mcg every 3 weeks
Authors: Österborg A. C. , De Boer R. , Clemens M. , Renczes G. , Kotasek D. , Prausova J. , Marschner N. , Hedenus M. , Hendricks L. , Amado R. 
Published: April 2020

8626 Background: In treating chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA), erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) that can be administered every 3 wks (Q3W), a common chemotherapy schedule, are convenient for patients (pts) and minimize resource utilization. AMG114 is a hyperglycosylated analog of recombinant human erythropoietin, with 4 additional N-linked carbohydrates and 10-amino acid difference from human erythropoietin. In vitro and in vivo animal data for AMG114 predict increased biological activity and prolonged half-life compared with commercially available ESAs. Methods: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding, phase 1 study evaluated safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and efficacy of AMG114 administered subcutaneously Q3W in anemic pts (hemoglobin [Hb] ≥ 8.5 and ≤ 10.5 g/dL) with nonmyeloid malignancies receiving nonplatinum chemotherapy. Patients received AMG114 or placebo for 6 wks (ie, 3 administrations), followed by 3 wks of observation. Efficacy was assessed by Hb change from baseline. Results: Three doses were tested in sequential dose escalation cohorts (including pts receiving placebo): 15 (n=10), 50 (n=18), and 200 (n=20) mcg. Tumor types were: breast (33.3%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, pancreatic, and colorectal (12.5% each). Consistent with animal PK models, the 200-mcg cohort had adequate levels of AMG114 for evaluation of prespecified endpoints (Table). The safety profile of AMG114 was similar to placebo and expected for this population. Antibodies to AMG114 were not detected. Conclusions: AMG114, a novel ESA with an extended 131-hour half-life, appears to be safe and effective at stimulating erythropoiesis and raising Hb levels using 200 mcg Q3W. Although the need for new longer-acting ESAs in the CIA setting may be limited as it is possible to synchronize anemia therapy with most chemotherapy schedules using currently available ESAs, AMG114 may hold promise in other settings. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Incidence of deep venous thrombosis associated with central venous catheters (DVT-CVC) in cancer patients: A multicenter study
Authors: Feliu J. , Lecumberri R. , Jerez A. , Cantalapiedra A. , García T. , Gonzalez E. , García Frade J. , Vicente V. , Rocha E. 
Published: April 2020

8627 Background: The reported incidence of DVT-CVC is extremely variable (0.3–28.3% for symptomatic thrombosis and 27–66% for asymptomatic thrombosis). Data in regarding new catheter materials and insertion techniques are very limited. Likewise, the use of antithrombotic prophylaxis in cancer patients with a CVC remains debatable. Methods: A prospective epidemiologic study was performed, which included adult patients with active cancer and no history of venous thromboembolism, in whom a long term CVC was inserted. Patients were followed-up for 90 days and a bilateral upper extremity Doppler-ultrasound was performed on days 45±5 and 90±5. Likewise, basal blood samples were taken and have been analyzed for hypercoagulability markers and prothrombotic factors. Results: Inclusion period lasted from July 2004 until May 2005. 141 patients have completed the follow up, with a mean age of 52.1±14.3 years (range 21–87). The cumulative incidence of DVT-CVC was 14.2% (20/141): 6.4% were symptomatic (9/141) and 8.9% were asymptomatic (11/123). All thrombotic events, excluding 4 cases, occurred before day 45. Neither age, gender, type of tumor (solid or haematological cancer), tumor stage, type of CVC (Port or tunnelled), number of lumens, side of insertion, platelet count or use of antithrombotic prophylaxis were significantly associated with the incidence of DVT-CVC, although only 1/8 patients with DVT-CVC receiving antithrombotic prophylaxis (12.5%) used high risk prophylaxis. Patients with prior central catheters tended to have a greater incidence of DVT-CVC (P=0.10). None of the basal plasma markers analyzed (fibrinogen, D dimer, F VIII, proteine C resistance, prothrombin fragments 1+2, thrombin-antithrombin complex) have been significantly associated with increased risk of DVT-CVC. Conclusions: DVT-CVC is a frequent complication in cancer patients, as with solid tumors so with haematologic malignancies. The incidence of DVT-CVC seems to be specially high the first few weeks following catheter placement. None of the basal plasma markers analyzed in this study have been associated with the incidence of DVT-CVC. New studies must be performed to allow identification of at risk patients who might benefit from antithrombotic prophylaxis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dose linearity of inhaled fentanyl (FT) with comparative pharmacokinetics to transmucosal fentanyl (A)
Authors: Jekunen A. P. , Cotterill-Jones C. , Dewlan P. , Tanner T. , Sikorska H. , Asking L. , Jouhikainen T. 
Published: April 2020

8629 Background: Cancer patients frequently experience breakthrough pain which is a transitory flare of moderate or severe pain occurring on top of otherwise controlled, persistent pain. Fentanyl TAIFUN (FT), a novel breath-actuated dry powder inhaler is being developed for the treatment of breakthrough cancer pain in patients with ongoing opiate therapy. Methods: A randomized, open-label, crossover phase I study with 5 periods derived pharmacokinetics after fentanyl oromucosal (Actiq, A) and pulmonary (FT) administration in 30 healthy volunteers. Each single dose of study medication (200 mcg A; or 100, 200, 400 or 800 mcg FT) was administered following premedication with 50 mg of naltrexone with a minimum of 7 days between doses. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the plasma concentrations using a non-compartmental model. Results: The plasma concentrations of FT increased proportionally to the increasing dose and t1/2 was independent of the dose. FT had a linear elimination phase. FT had a substantially faster absorption and higher peak fentanyl concentration (Cmax) than A. Median Tmax was 1 and 60 min for FT and A, respectively. Moreover, there was an 8-fold increase in bioavailability of fentanyl during the first 20 min when 200 mcg FT is compared to 200 mcg A. Conclusions: The plasma concentrations from FT increases proportionally to the increasing dose while t1/2 is independent of the dose, and there is a linear elimination phase. Overall, FT is substantially more bioavailable than A during the important first 20–30 minutes after administration. Inhalation of FT allows an immediate and comparable availability of fentanyl suggesting potential for rapid pain relief. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Natural History of Adrenal Steroidogenesis in Autoimmune Addison’s Disease Following Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Napier Catherine , Allinson Kathleen , Gan Earn H , Mitchell Anna L , Gilligan Lorna C , Taylor Angela E , Arlt Wiebke , Pearce Simon H S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Context
The natural history of adrenal function in autoimmune Addison disease once diagnosed and treated has not been systematically studied, but several case reports of recovery from established adrenal failure suggest it may not be uniform.

Objective
To ascertain steroidogenic function in autoimmune Addison disease immediately following diagnosis and during prolonged treatment.

Design
We studied peak serum cortisol in response to ACTH1-24 in 20 newly diagnosed autoimmune Addison disease patients at first presentation and then again within a month. We also studied 37 patients with established Addison disease (for between 7 months and 44 years) in a medication-free state, measuring peak serum cortisol responses to ACTH1-24 and the urine LC-MS steroid metabolome.

Results
Adrenal steroidogenesis declined rapidly after steroid replacement treatment for newly diagnosed Addison disease was started, with a peak serum cortisol falling from 138 ± 19 nmol/L (SEM) at presentation to 63 ± 13 nmol/L over 4 weeks (P &lt; 0.003).
Six of 37 participants (16%) with established Addison disease had detectable serum cortisol and urine glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid metabolites during repeat testing, indicating variable degrees of residual adrenal function.

Conclusion
Autoimmune Addison disease is a heterogeneous condition, showing a rapid decline in adrenal steroidogenesis during the first few weeks following diagnosis, but low-level residual function in a minority of patients, which appears to persist for many years.
Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Croyal Mikael , Saulnier Pierre-Jean , Aguesse Audrey , Gand Elise , Ragot Stéphanie , Roussel Ronan , Halimi Jean-Michel , Ducrocq Gregory , Cariou Bertrand , Montaigne David , Wargny Matthieu , Krempf Michel , Hadjadj Samy 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective
Even though trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been demonstrated to interfere with atherosclerosis and diabetes pathophysiology, the association between TMAO and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) has not been specifically established in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Research Design and Methods
We examined the association of plasma TMAO concentrations with MACE and all-cause mortality in a single-center prospective cohort of consecutively recruited patients with T2D.

Results
The study population consisted in 1463 SURDIENE participants (58% men), aged 65 ± 10 years. TMAO concentrations were significantly associated with diabetes duration, renal function, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1) concentrations (R2 = 0.27) and were significantly higher in patients on metformin, even after adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): 6.7 (8.5) vs 8.5 (13.6) µmol/L, respectively (PeGFR-adjusted = 0.0207). During follow-up (median duration [interquartile range], 85 [75] months), 403 MACE and 538 deaths were registered. MACE-free survival and all-cause mortality were significantly associated with the quartile distribution of TMAO concentrations, patients with the highest TMAO levels displaying the greatest risk of outcomes (P &lt; 0.0001). In multivariate Cox models, compared with patients from the first 3 quartiles, those from the fourth quartile of TMAO concentration had an independently increased risk for MACE: adjusted hazard ratio (adjHR) 1.32 (1.02-1.70); P = 0.0325. Similarly, TMAO was significantly associated with mortality in multivariate analysis: adjHR 1.75 (1.17-2.09); P = 0.0124, but not when sTNFR1 and angiopoietin like 2 were considered: adjHR 1.16 (0.95-1.42); P = 0.1514.

Conclusions
We revealed an association between higher TMAO concentrations and increased risk of MACE and all-cause mortality, thereby opening some avenues on the role of dysbiosis in cardiovascular risk, in T2D patients.
Is a Ridge Classification Helpful when Assessing Edentulous Patients?
Authors: Leyssen Wouter , Butt Kasim , Walmsley AD 
Published: April 2020

The edentulous ridge classifications most commonly used have their limitations in treatment planning. They do not provide an indication of the complexities that may occur when constructing a new set of complete dentures. The new classification system suggested in this article helps with improved record-keeping, information exchange between colleagues, and communication between patient and clinician. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The new edentulous ridge classification system links the various edentulous ridge shapes to possible complications that could arise during denture construction.
Conscious Sedation in Dentistry: Selecting the Right Patient
Authors: Hazara Roya 
Published: April 2020

In recent years, conscious sedation has grown in popularity as an alternative to general anaesthesia in a primary setting due to its safety and efficiency. It is imperative to carry out a full patient assessment prior to treatment under conscious sedation. Conscious sedation is provided intravenously, by inhalation or oral route. Clinical and physical examination as well as medical, social and mental history play a fundamental role in selecting the right patient. In addition, to optimize safety of patients, it is necessary to follow available guidelines and standards, provide an appropriate environment and adequate staff training. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article highlights the importance of pre-assessment prior to treatment under conscious sedation. The vast majority of adverse events during sedation occur as a result of inadequate pre-assessment and preparation.
Crotalaria and millet as alternative controls of root-knot nematodes infecting okra
Authors: Nascimento Daniel Dalvan do , Vidal Roberta Luiza , Pimenta Anderson Alves , Costa Marilia Gregolin , Soares Pedro Luiz Martins 
Published: April 2020

The relationship of crops grown in rotation or in succession has increased every day and the use of antagonistic plants and/or non-host plants is one of the most efficient practices of integrated management of nematodes. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of crotalaria (Crotalaria spectabilis Roth) and millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) Leeke] ‘ADR 300’ in reducing the population of Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica and in increasing the productivity of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] when cultivated in succession. The experiment was conducted in an area cultivating okra (host culture) in rotation, with a history of severe infestation by phytonematoids. The experimental design involved randomized blocks with six treatments and four replicates, with the following treatments: T1, 15 kg.ha-1 of millet seeds; T2, 30 kg.ha-1 of crotalaria; T3, 10 kg.ha-1 of millet + 20 kg.ha-1 of crotalaria; T4, 20 kg.ha-1 of millet + 6 kg.ha-1 of crotalaria; T5, 6 kg.ha-1 of millet + 36 kg.ha-1 of crotalaria; and T6, control. The nematode populations in the soil and roots were evaluated about 60 d after planting okra, and the yield was evaluated at the end of the crop cycle. Simple treatment with millet or crotalaria reduced the nematode population by 61% and 72%, respectively. The millet-crotalaria intercropping treatments reduced the nematode population by up to 85% compared with the control. In terms of productivity, there was an increase of 787 kg.ha-1 in the millet treatment and 2,109 kg.ha-1 in the intercropping treatments. Both the single cultivation of crotalaria or millet and the consortia of crotalaria and millet were effective in controlling the root-knot nematodes, and increased the productivity of okra.
High level of serovar copenhageni detection in dog sera from Patrocínio, MG, Brazil
Authors: Lemos Tayana Larissa , Cunha Guilherme Nascimento , De Castro Jacqueline Ribeiro , De Souza Mariana Assunção 
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of canine leptospirosis and the possible risk factors associated with the disease in the municipality of Patrocínio, MG, Brazil. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out from July through August 2017. The municipality was divided into four regions (north, south, east and west) and a predefined number of neighborhoods (25) were randomly sampled in each region. Samples of blood serum were collected from 241 domiciled male and female dogs of different breeds and ages. To investigate the risk factors for canine leptospirosis, the owners of the animals were asked to fill out an epidemiological questionnaire. The following factors were evaluated: breed, sex, age, presence of rodents, type of diet, access to the street, vaccination, presence of flooded areas, and educational level of the owners. Blood serum samples were evaluated by the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT), using a collection of 24 live antigens. Of the 241 dogs evaluated, 32 (13.2%) were reactive. The most frequent serovars were: Copenhageni (37.5%) and Canicola (21.8%), followed by Icterohaemorrhagiae and Grippotyphosa (12.5%), Pomona, Tarassovi and Butembo (9.3%) and Hardjo (6.2%). The presence of canine leptospirosis was associated with purebred dogs (OR=0.3059 [95% CI: 0.1430 – 0.6547]) and vaccination (OR=2.581 [95% CI: 1.198 – 5.563]). It was concluded that some dogs in the municipality of Patrocínio, MG have anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies and that the serovars most frequently identified were Copenhageni (37.5%) and Canicola (21.8%). Pure breeds and vaccination were factors associated with the prevalence of infection.
Fifty Years Research Output in Oral Submucous Fibrosis, A Bibliometric Analysis of Publications from 1967 to 2016
Authors: Parmar Seema , Siwach Anil Kumar , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: April 2020

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a precancerous state which affects the oral cavity. The etiology of OSMF is due to various factors like chilies consumption, deficiency of nutrition, areca nut chewing habits, genetic susceptibility, altered salivary constituents, and autoimmunity and collagen disorders. The present study is undertaken to find out the publication trends on OSMF during 1967-2016. The study mainly focus on year and decade wise research output, national and international collaborations, top journals for publications, most prolific authors, authorship pattern, citations pattern and highly cited papers on OSMF. The results indicate that highest growth rate of publications occurred between the years 1997-2006. India’s research share, citation score and h index was highest among all countries. Central South University, China topped the scene among all institutes. The maximum publications were two authored publications. CP Chiang of National Taiwan University was found to be the most prolific author.
Analisis Keselarasan Pemanfaatan Ruang dengan Rencana Pola Ruang dan Pengendaliannya di Kota Jakarta Timur
Authors: Sejati Andy Purwa , Sitorus Santun R.P , Hidayat Janthy T 
Published: April 2020

The rapid development in East Jakarta City has led to increased land requirements and causes unalignment of land use. Research objective are to analyze the alignment of spatial usage with the spatial plan and its control in East Jakarta City. The research methods used are spatial analysis based on image interpretation and Geographic Information System, descriptive statistic for seeking influence factors, description analysis for spatial control usage and its guidance. Results analysis for 6 (six) existing land use showed that alignment of existing land use has area of 12.430,5 ha or 76.5 % and unalignment of existing land use has area 3.812,7 ha or 23.5%. Factors that influence unalignment of existing land use, namely economic needs, housing needs, distance from the economic center, distance from the road, lack of socialization to the community, population density and the presence of public facilities. Analysis of the implementation of spatial usage control shows that the East Jakarta City Government has implemented 4 spatial usage control instruments namely the Spatial Detail Plan along with its Zoning Regulations, licensing, providing incentives and disincentives and sanctions but the implementation is still considered not maximally. Directives for improving spatial usage are carried out by maximizing and improving the implementation of four instruments for controlling spatial usage.
Morpho-Anatomical, Fluorescent characteristic, Phytochemical and Antibacterial studies of Phyllanthus myrtifolius and Phyllanthus reticulatus of Kerala
Authors: James Jess Mary , P C Neethu , Antony Thomas 
Published: April 2020

Two species of Phyllanthus ie P.myrtifolius and P.reticulatus were selected for their Morpho-anatomical, Fluorescent characteristic, Phytochemical and Antibacterial studies. Although the fundamental characters remained same, there were many small differences in their morpho-anatomical characters especially the colour of the fruit, the number of tepals, the outline of stem, presence of ridges and furrows, presence or absence of pith etc. The stomata was paracytic in P.myrtifolius while the stomata was anisocytic in P.reticulatus. The stem outline was rounded in P.myrtifolius while it was angular in P.reticulatus. Ridges and furrows were present in P.myrtifolius while it was absent in P.reticulatus. Hyaline epidermal hairs emerges out from the stem in P.myrtifolius while it was absent in P.reticulatus. Small lens shaped thick walled pith was present in P.myrtifolius while large pith was recorded in P. reticulatus. The study of their powder extracts brings to light several distinguishing characters which enable us to differentiate between the two species. Fluorescent characteristics of the plant powders were studied, but it revealed the complete absence of fluorescence in both the plant powder extracts. Phytochemical analysis revealed that both the plants possessed secondary metabolites which have strong pharmacological properties and can be utilized for medicinal purposes. P.myrtifolius less commonly used as a medicinal plant exhibited at several instances, more appreciable antibacterial results when compared to P.reticulatus against S.aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and E coli bacteria and produced inhibition zones of 20mm,18mm,17mm and 15mm respectively and the leaf extracts has greater antibacterial potency than either stem or root extracts.