bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders and associated factors among bank workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dagne Dereje , Abebe Solomon Mekonnen , Getachew Atalay 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are dramatically increased in the world due to the advancement of technology and competitiveness of markets. There were limited studies carried out regarding WMSDs among bank workers in Africa particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and associated factors among bank workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
Institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed in the study. Multi-stage sampling techniques were used to select 838 bank workers from 62 banks in Addis Ababa. Self-administered standard Nordic questionnaires were used as well. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with WMSDs. Moreover adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value < 0.05 was used to show the strength of association between explanatory variables and dependent variable.

Results
Out of 838 total numbers of participants, 755 bank workers returned their questionnaires responding with a rate of 90%. Of these, 77.6% (N = 586) suffered WMSDs with a 95% CI [75–81%]. Based on the final multivariate logistic regression analysis being female [AOR = 2.98, 95% CI 1.91–4.65], sitting back in a twisted position [AOR = 3.59, 95% CI 2.13–6.08], sitting back bent [AOR = 4.06, 95% CI 2.48–6.66], work on fixed position [AOR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.17–2.71], no work time break [AOR = 3.33, 95% CI 1.44–7.71], type of chairs [AOR = 2.62, 95% CI 1.19–5.75] and job stress [AOR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.19–4.54] were factors significantly associated with WMSDs.

Conclusion
From the study’s findings, the magnitude of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among bank workers was high. Being female, awkward posture, no work time break, fixed position, type of chairs, and job stress are the factors significantly associated with WMSDs. So bank workers should use proper types of chairs, practice proper work posture, increase healthy working conditions, and create awareness programs on how to maintain beneficial health conditions which may lead to increased leisure time.
Anti-TNF agents and potential effects on male fertility: are men being counseled?
Authors: Cooley Lauren Folgosa , Wren James , Keeter Mary Kate , Lam Isaac , Bennett Nelson , Brannigan Robert E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Adult men with autoimmune conditions are commonly prescribed anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents; however, there is a paucity of quality evidence as to their effect on male fertility (e.g. semen parameters and sperm quality). Our objective was to determine if men with autoimmune conditions are being counseled regarding the unknown reproductive effects of anti-TNF agents prior to initiation of therapy.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of 1010 male patients age 18–45 who were prescribed an anti-TNF agent were assessed for (1) receipt of counseling regarding potential reproductive effects; (2) screening for anatomic or laboratory abnormalities associated with infertility; (3) election for sperm cryopreservation.

Results
Only 10.3% of men received counseling, and this was not associated with age (p = 0.77). Those who received counseling were significantly more likely to have a genitourinary exam performed, be assessed for presence of a varicocele, be asked about or endorse low libido or erectile dysfunction, have a testosterone, LH, FSH, or prolactin level checked, and have a semen analysis performed (all, p < 0.0001). Rates of sperm cryopreservation were low, but statistically higher in men who received counseling (5.77% (+) counseling, 1.10% (−) counseling) (p = 0.002).

Conclusions
The limited current literature lacks a consensus regarding the short- and long-term male reproductive effects of anti-TNF therapy. Despite this lack of clarity, rates of pre-initiation counseling were low. Rates of sperm cryopreservation, while improved in the counseled group remained low, suggesting prescribing physicians may be unaware of this option for patients.
Randomized control trial testing the effectiveness of implemented depression prevention in high-risk adolescents
Authors: de Jonge-Heesen Karlijn W. J. , Rasing Sanne P. A. , Vermulst Ad A. , Scholte Ron H. J. , van Ettekoven Kim M. , Engels Rutger C. M. E. , Creemers Daan H. M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Adolescent depression is a global mental health concern. Identification and effective prevention in an early stage are necessary. The present randomized, controlled trial aimed to examine the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-based depression prevention in adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms. This prevention approach is implemented in school communities, which allows to examine effects under real-life circumstances.

Methods
A total of 5222 adolescents were screened for elevated depressive symptoms in the second grade of secondary schools; 130 adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years old (M = 13.59; SD = 0.68; 63.8% girls) were randomly assigned to the experimental (OVK 2.0) or control condition (psycho-education). Self- and parent-reported depressive symptoms were assessed at pretest and post intervention, as well as 6- and 12-months follow-up. Clinical assessment of depression was assessed at pretest and 6-months follow-up.

Results
Intent-to-treat analyses revealed that the decrease in adolescent-rated depressive symptoms was significantly larger in the intervention condition than in the control condition. There was no significant difference in decrease of parent-rated depressive symptoms between both conditions.

Conclusions
Based on the findings, we recommend the implementation of screening and prevention in schools, according the basics of this study design. Since this is a new step forward, we discuss the clinical impact and challenges, as well possibilities for future research.

Trial registration
The study is registered in the Dutch Trial Register for RCT’s (NTR5725). Date registered: 11 March 2016.
Elevation, azimuth, and polarization estimation with nested electromagnetic vector-sensor arrays via tensor modeling
Authors: Cao Ming-Yang , Mao Xingpeng , Huang Lei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we address the joint estimation problem of elevation, azimuth, and polarization with nested array consists of complete six-component electromagnetic vector-sensors (EMVS). Taking advantage of the tensor permutation, we convert the sample covariance matrix of the receive data into a tensorial form which provides enhanced degree-of-freedom. Moreover, the parameter estimation issue with the proposed model boils down to a Vandermonde constraint Canonical Polyadic Decomposition problem. The structured least squares estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques is tailored for joint auto-pairing elevation, azimuth, and polarization estimation, ending up with a computational efficient method that avoids exhaustive searching over spatial and polarization region. Furthermore, the sufficient uniqueness analysis of our proposed approach is addressed, and the stochastic Cramér-Rao bound for underdetermined parameter estimation is derived. Simulation results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Catabolism and interactions of uncultured organisms shaped by eco-thermodynamics in methanogenic bioprocesses
Authors: Nobu Masaru K. , Narihiro Takashi , Mei Ran , Kamagata Yoichi , Lee Patrick K. H. , Lee Po-Heng , McInerney Michael J. , Liu Wen-Tso 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Current understanding of the carbon cycle in methanogenic environments involves trophic interactions such as interspecies H2 transfer between organotrophs and methanogens. However, many metabolic processes are thermodynamically sensitive to H2 accumulation and can be inhibited by H2 produced from co-occurring metabolisms. Strategies for driving thermodynamically competing metabolisms in methanogenic environments remain unexplored.

Results
To uncover how anaerobes combat this H2 conflict in situ, we employ metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to revisit a model ecosystem that has inspired many foundational discoveries in anaerobic ecology—methanogenic bioreactors. Through analysis of 17 anaerobic digesters, we recovered 1343 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes and corresponding gene expression profiles for uncultured lineages spanning 66 phyla and reconstructed their metabolic capacities. We discovered that diverse uncultured populations can drive H2-sensitive metabolisms through (i) metabolic coupling with concurrent H2-tolerant catabolism, (ii) forgoing H2 generation in favor of interspecies transfer of formate and electrons (cytochrome- and pili-mediated) to avoid thermodynamic conflict, and (iii) integration of low-concentration O2 metabolism as an ancillary thermodynamics-enhancing electron sink. Archaeal populations support these processes through unique methanogenic metabolisms—highly favorable H2 oxidation driven by methyl-reducing methanogenesis and tripartite uptake of formate, electrons, and acetate.

Conclusion
Integration of omics and eco-thermodynamics revealed overlooked behavior and interactions of uncultured organisms, including coupling favorable and unfavorable metabolisms, shifting from H2 to formate transfer, respiring low-concentration O2, performing direct interspecies electron transfer, and interacting with high H2-affinity methanogenesis. These findings shed light on how microorganisms overcome a critical obstacle in methanogenic carbon cycles we had hitherto disregarded and provide foundational insight into anaerobic microbial ecology.
Accuracy of interproximal enamel reduction during clear aligner treatment
Authors: De Felice Maria Elena , Nucci Ludovica , Fiori Adriana , Flores-Mir Carlos , Perillo Letizia , Grassia Vincenzo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim
The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy of the actual space obtained through interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) compared to the amount of IPR planned through the digital setup during clear aligner treatment (CAT).

Materials and methods
A total of 10 clinicians were randomly recruited using the Doctor Locator by Align Technology (California). For each clinician, four consecutive patients treated with CAT and manual stripping were selected for a total of 40 subjects and 80 dental arches. For each patient, the amount of planned IPR and the amount of actual IPR performed were recorded. Each arch was considered individually. For each arch, the mesio-distal tooth measurements were obtained from second to second premolars.

Results
No systematic measurement errors were identified. In 25 cases, stripping was planned and performed in both arches; in 4 cases only in the upper arch and in the remaining 7 cases only in the lower arch. The difference between planned IPR and performed IPR was on average 0.55 mm (SD, 0.67; P = 0.022) in the upper arch and 0.82 mm (SD, 0.84; P = 0.026) in the lower arch. The accuracy of IPR in the upper arch was estimated to be 44.95% for the upper arch and 37.02% for the lower arch.

Conclusion
Overall, this study showed that the amount of enamel removed in vivo did not correspond with the amount of IPR planned. In most cases, the performed IPR amount was lower than planned. When considering the actual amount in millimeter, these differences may not be considered clinically relevant.
Treatment outcomes of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Bahawalpur, Pakistan; a record review
Authors: Atif Muhammad , Fatima Razia , Ahmad Nafees , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
There is limited published data form Pakistan on treatment success rate among extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients. The aim of this study was to assess clinical form, treatment outcomes, and identify the factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcome among EPTB patients.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted at the Chest Disease Unit of the Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Pakistan. Medical records of EPTB patients, registered at the study site from January 1, 2015 to September 30, 2017, were reviewed to obtain the data. Final treatment outcomes among EPTB patients were evaluated in accordance with the standard Word Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcome.

Results
A total of 651 EPTB patients were included in the study. Highest proportion of patients had pleural TB (n = 217, 33.3%). Out of the total 651 patients, 463 (71.1%) successfully completed the treatment. Among 177 (27.2%) patients with unfavorable treatment outcome, 10 (1.5%) died, while 165 (25.4%) lost to follow-up the treatment. Lymph node TB (AOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.422, 0.989) and meningeal TB (AOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.065, 4.144) were significantly associated with unfavorable treatment outcome.

Conclusion
The treatment success (favorable outcome) rate among EPTB patients was less than the target (i.e., ≥ 90%) set by the WHO. Highest proportion of patients lost to follow-up during the treatment.
Effect of dynamic cyclic loading on screw loosening of retightened versus new abutment screw in both narrow and standard implants (in-vitro study)
Authors: Attiah Eman Mohammed Nasr , AlGendy Attiah Ali , Mostafa Tamer Mohamed Nasr 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of dynamic cyclic loading on screw loosening of retightened abutment screw versus new abutment screw in both narrow and standard implants.

Methods
Separate acrylic resin blocks containing implant assembly (fixture, abutment, abutment screw, metal tube capping the abutment). Samples were divided into two main groups according to the diameter of implant: group 1 (GI 4.5-mm diameter) and group 2 (GII 3-mm diameter). Each group is subdivided into two subgroups according to the suggested option to manage screw loosening either by retightening (GIA, GIIA) or using new screws (GIB, GIIB). One hundred thousand cycles of eccentric dynamic cyclic loading (DCL) were applied before and after retightening or replacing the screw; then, removal torque loss (RTL) ratio was calculated, tabulated, and analyzed by t-student, ANOVA, pair wise Tukey’s tests.

Results
There were differences between GI and GII regarding the incidence of screw loosening process. Removal torque loss ratio was higher in GIB and GIIB where the old abutment screws were replaced by new screws for both standard implants (SIs) and narrow diameter implants (NDIs). There was significant effect of retightening and replacing the abutment screws after exposure to DCL.

Conclusions
Within the limitations of this in-vitro study, it can be conclude that screw loosening process occurred in both SIs and NDIs but with higher values in NDIs. It is better to retighten the screw of NDIs and SIs than replacing it with a new screw.
Dental age assessment of North Indian origin children using Nolla’s method in mandibular second molar
Authors: Singh Harsh Vijay , Kalra Namita , Tyagi Rishi , Khatri Amit 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
A cross-sectional study was done on 900 children of North Indian origin, (male = 458; female = 442) aged 10 to 16 years. Digital radiovisiography of permanent mandibular second molar was chosen over higher radiation extra oral projections used for whole arch-like orthopantogram. Each image was evaluated for mean dental age using Nolla’s method of age estimation and was compared to the mean chronological age of children in the study group. The study was conducted to evaluate the applicability of Nolla’s method of age estimation in the North Indian population.

Results
The mean dental age was found to be significantly underestimated by (1.8 ± 5.5) months in 900 children. The trend of underestimation was more in males ((2.5 ± 4.2) months) as compared to females ((1.1 ± 6.4) months). Both sexes showed underestimation of chronological age till 14 years. However, the dental age and chronological age became similar at 14 years, and overestimation of chronological age was observed afterwards (p value > 0.001).

Conclusion
Nolla’s method of age estimation using radiovisiograph for mandibular second molar is a reliable method in children of North Indian origin, although it underestimates the chronological age. After the average age of 14, dental age surpassed chronological age in the study group. In addition, permanent mandibular second molar was found to be a reliable tooth for dental age estimation.
The impact of plant density and spatial arrangement on light interception on cotton crop and seed cotton yield: an overview
Authors: CHAPEPA Blessing , MUDADA Nhamo , MAPURANGA Rangarirai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLight attenuation within a row of crops such as cotton is influenced by canopy architecture, which is defined by size, shape and orientation of shoot components. Level of light interception causes an array of morpho-anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes. Physiological determinants of growth include light interception, light use efficiency, dry matter accumulation, duration of growth and dry matter partitioning. Maximum light utilization in cotton production can be attained by adopting cultural practices that yields optimum plant populations as they affect canopy arrangement by modifying the plant canopy components. This paper highlights the extent to which spatial arrangement and density affect light interception in cotton crops. The cotton crop branches tend to grow into the inter-row space to avoid shade. The modification of canopy components suggests a shade avoidance and competition for light. Maximum leaf area index is obtained especially at flowering stage with higher populations which depicts better yields in cotton production.
Evaluating the effect of birth weight on brain volumes and depression: An observational and genetic study using UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Ye Jing , Wu Cuiyan , Chu Xiaomeng , Wen Yan , Li Ping , Cheng Bolun , Cheng Shiqiang , Liu Li , Zhang Lu , Ma Mei , Qi Xin , Liang Chujun , Kafle Om Prakash , Jia Yumeng , Wang Sen , Wang Xi , Ning Yujie , Zhang Feng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background.
Birth weight influences not only brain development, but also mental health outcomes, including depression, but the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Methods.
The phenotypic data of 12,872–91,009 participants (59.18–63.38% women) from UK Biobank were included to test the associations between the birth weight, depression, and brain volumes through the linear and logistic regression models. As birth weight is highly heritable, the polygenic risk scores (PRSs) of birth weight were calculated from the UK Biobank cohort (154,539 participants, 56.90% women) to estimate the effect of birth weight-related genetic variation on the development of depression and brain volumes. Finally, the mediation analyses of step approach and mediation analysis were used to estimate the role of brain volumes in the association between birth weight and depression. All analyses were conducted sex stratified to assess sex-specific role in the associations.

Result.
We observed associations between birth weight and depression (odds ratio [OR] = 0.968, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.957–0.979, p = 2.29 × 10−6). Positive associations were observed between birth weight and brain volumes, such as gray matter (B = 0.131, p = 3.51 × 10−74) and white matter (B = 0.129, p = 1.67 × 10−74). Depression was also associated with brain volume, such as left thalamus (OR = 0.891, 95% CI = 0.850–0.933, p = 4.46 × 10−5) and right thalamus (OR = 0.884, 95% CI = 0.841–0.928, p = 2.67 × 10−5). Additionally, significant mediation effects of brain volume were found for the associations between birth weight and depression through steps approach and mediation analysis, such as gray matter (B = –0.220, p = 0.020) and right thalamus (B = –0.207, p = 0.014).

Conclusions.
Our results showed the associations among birth weight, depression, and brain volumes, and the mediation effect of brain volumes also provide evidence for the sex-specific of associations.
EPA guidance on the quality of mental health services: A systematic meta-review and update of recommendations focusing on care coordination
Authors: Gaebel W. , Kerst A. , Janssen B. , Becker T. , Musalek M. , Rössler W. , Ruggeri M. , Thornicroft G. , Zielasek J. , Stricker J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background.
The quality of mental health services is crucial for the effectiveness and efficiency of mental healthcare systems, symptom reduction, and quality of life improvements in persons with mental illness. In recent years, particularly care coordination (i.e., the integration of care across different providers and treatment settings) has received increased attention and has been put into practice. Thus, we focused on care coordination in this update of a previous European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on the quality of mental health services.

Methods.
We conducted a systematic meta-review of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and evidence-based clinical guidelines focusing on care coordination for persons with mental illness in three literature databases.

Results.
We identified 23 relevant documents covering the following topics: case management, integrated care, home treatment, crisis intervention services, transition from inpatient to outpatient care and vice versa, integrating general and mental healthcare, technology in care coordination and self-management, quality indicators, and economic evaluation. Based on the available evidence, we developed 15 recommendations for care coordination in European mental healthcare.

Conclusions.
Although evidence is limited, some concepts of care coordination seem to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of mental health services and outcomes on patient level. Further evidence is needed to better understand the advantages and disadvantages of different care coordination models.