bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variants in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Immune Checkpoint Genes Are Associated With Immune Cell Profiles and Predict Survival in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Parra Edwin Roger , Jiang Mei , Machado-Rugolo Juliana , Yaegashi Lygia Bertalha , Prieto Tabatha , Farhat Cecília , de Sá Vanessa Karen , Nagai Maria Aparecida , de Lima Vladmir Cláudio Cordeiro , Takagaki Tereza , Terra Ricardo , Fabro Alexandre Todorovic , Capelozzi Vera Luiza 
Published: March 2020

Context.—Identification of gene mutations that are indicative of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and a noninflammatory immune phenotype may be important for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.Objective.—To evaluate the utility of multiplex immunofluorescence for immune profiling and to determine the relationships among tumor immune checkpoint and epithelial-mesenchymal transition genomic profiles and the clinical outcomes of patients with nonmetastatic non–small cell lung cancer.Design.—Tissue microarrays containing 164 primary tumor specimens from patients with stages I to IIIA non–small cell lung carcinoma were examined by multiplex immunofluorescence and image analysis to determine the expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) on malignant cells, CD68+ macrophages, and cells expressing the immune markers CD3, CD8, CD57, CD45RO, FOXP3, PD-1, and CD20. Immune phenotype data were tested for correlations with clinicopathologic characteristics, somatic and germline genetic variants, and outcome.Results.—A high percentage of PD-L1+ malignant cells was associated with clinicopathologic characteristics, and high density of CD3+PD-1+ T cells was associated with metastasis, suggesting that these phenotypes may be clinically useful to identify patients who will likely benefit from immunotherapy. We also found that ZEB2 mutations were a proxy for immunologic ignorance and immune tolerance microenvironments and may predict response to checkpoint inhibitors. A multivariate Cox regression model predicted a lower risk of death for patients with a high density of CD3+CD45RO+ memory T cells, carriers of allele G of CTLA4 variant rs231775, and those whose tumors do not have ZEB2 mutations.Conclusions.—Genetic variants in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immune checkpoint genes are associated with immune cell profiles and may predict patient outcomes and response to immune checkpoint blockade.
Impactos socioambientais no Rio Grande: percepção dos moradores locais da Vila Brasil na cidade de Barreiras/BA
Authors: Souza Ranieldo Barreiras Barbosa , Silva Filho Antonio José da , Souza Raniele Barbosa 
Published: March 2020

A percepção ambiental é definida como o ato de se perceber a natureza e com isso promover a sua preservação. Essa percepção é de extrema importância para direcionar e fazer o indivíduo pensar novas ações sobre o meio em que vive. Os moradores que se localizam próximos aos rios, geralmente tem tendência a ter um maior contato com o natural e conseguem se atentar às alterações no espaço em que vivem. Com essa pesquisa foi possível identificar e analisar a ótica ambiental de moradores próximos do Rio Grande, trazendo à baila os impactos socioambientais num determinado trecho da cidade de Barreiras-BA. Como metodologia, aplicou-se a técnica de entrevistas e posteriormente a análise pelo discurso do sujeito coletivo (DSC). Foram identificados e analisados sete impactos socioambientais (Lixo/esgoto; Desmatamento/Queimadas; Diminuição do volume de água; Perda da qualidade da água; Assoreamento, Diminuição de Peixes e Impactos socioambientais). Tudo baseado apenas nas informações dos moradores locais e no conceito que cada um tem sobre a natureza. Os moradores reconhecem as implicações desses impactos, suas causas e efeitos e souberam determinar ações que precisam serem tomadas para a minimização dessa problemática pela sociedade no geral e pelos gestores públicos.
Diagnóstico da Arborização Após a Ocorrência de Evento Climático Extremo
Authors: Emerick Tamilis das Graças , Martini Angeline 
Published: March 2020

As regiões Sul e Sudeste do país são as que vêm sendo mais afetadas pela ocorrência de eventos climáticos extremos, como tempestades e vendavais. Tais ocorrências provocam prejuízos severos, incluindo queda de árvores. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar o diagnóstico da arborização danificada no campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa após ocorrência de tempestade. A coleta de dados ocorreu em outubro de 2019, imediatamente após a ocorrência do evento climático. Foi realizada contagem, identificação botânica e avaliação do estado fitossanitário dos indivíduos danificados, bem como a determinação do grau de dano sofrido (leve, moderado, severo e irreversível), o local de ruptura e a medição de parâmetros dendrométricos daqueles indivíduos mais danificados. No total, 145 indivíduos que compõe a arborização apresentaram algum dano ocasionado pela tempestade, de 29 espécies, o que corresponde a 13% do total de indivíduos existentes no campus. A família com maior ocorrência de danos foi Bignoniaceae e as espécies mais afetadas foram Spathodea campanulata (29%), Tibouchina granulosa (22%) e Licania tomentosa (15%). A maioria apresentou ruptura nos galhos (61%), 23% na base ou tronco e 4% no ápice, compondo o total de 36% de ocorrências com dano irreversível. Cerca de 30% dos indivíduos apresentavam problemas fitossanitários e 70% corresponde a plantios em áreas de calçadas, o que permite associar o maior risco de queda às árvores em locais com menor área de canteiro, espaço disponível para o desenvolvimento das raízes e área disponível para crescimento.
La formación del profesorado de educación primaria respecto a la participación de las familias
Authors: Vallespir-Soler Jordi , Morey-López Mercè 
Published: March 2020

Como elemento de continuidad del consenso existente en la literatura académica respecto a la importancia de la participación de las familias para conseguir una educación de calidad, así como de la necesidad de formación específica para potenciar dicha participación, este trabajo focaliza su atención en el análisis de la formación recibida por el profesorado de Educación Primaria. Por una parte, se recogen las respuestas ofrecidas por el mismo colectivo docente a través de entrevistas en profundidad realizadas en el contexto de diferentes comunidades autónomas. Concretamente, el interés de este artículo se ha centrado en la valoración que los/las maestros/a hacían respecto a la formación recibida, tanto inicial como continua, relacionada con la participación de las familias. Posteriormente, por otra parte, se presentan los resultados del análisis de la oferta formativa ofrecida por las universidades del Estado español al alumnado que cursa el Grado de Maestro en Educación primaria, revisando las asignaturas que abordan el eje central de este artículo (la participación de las familias). Finalmente, y partiendo de las necesidades detectadas, se sugieren propuestas de mejora centradas en la formación, aunque dirigidas no sólo al colectivo consultado en el estudio, sino a toda la comunidad educativa
There is a consensus in the academic literature regarding the importance of the participation of families to achieve a quality education, as well as the need for specific training to enhance such participation. As an addition to this existing literature, this work focuses its attention on the analysis of the training received by the primary education teachers. On the one hand, the work gathers in-depth interviews to the teaching community in the context of different regions. These interviews were focused on the assessment that the teachers made regarding the training they received, both initial and ongoing, related to the participation of families. Later, on the other hand, the formative opportunities for the Master's Degree in Primary Education in spanish universities were analysed, reviewing the main subjects of this article: family participation in the education. Finally, and with basis on the identified needs, proposals for improvement focused on training are suggested. These proposals are directed not only to the group interviewed in the study, but to the entire educational community
A Student's Perspective
Authors: Klevjer Kristoffer , Aspaas Per Pippin 
Published: March 2020

In this episode, we are exploring a student's perspective on open science – and specifically replication studies. Kristoffer Klevjer recently finished his Master’s degree in psychology at UiT The Arctic University of Norway and has now taken on a PhD. But already as a master student, Klevjer was involved in replication studies. In his experience, replication studies can be benefitial to the student, the supervisor, and the scientific community at large. Furthermore, Klevjer argues that replications can be well suited for students at Bachelor level as well.
In the interview, Klevjer refers to several publications and projects, including
- The Collaborative Replications and Education Project
- Kool, W., McGuire, J. T., Rosen, Z. B., & Botvinick, M. M. (2010). Decision making and the avoidance of cognitive demand. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 139(4), 665–682. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020198
- Psychological Science Accelerator
The replication Klevjer did for his Master's degree can be found here
First published online March 9, 2020.
Molecular detection and genotyping of intestinal protozoa from different biogeographical regions of Colombia
Authors: Higuera Adriana , Villamizar Ximena , Herrera Giovanny , Giraldo Julio Cesar , Vasquez-A Luis Reinel , Urbano Plutarco , Villalobos Oswaldo , Tovar Catalina , Ramírez Juan David 
Published: March 2020

Background
Intestinal parasitic protozoa represent a serious problem of public health particularly in developing countries. Protozoa such as Blastocystis, Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Cryptosporidium spp. are associated with diarrheal symptoms. In Colombia, there is little region-specific data on the frequency and circulating genotypes/species of these microorganisms. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to employ molecular detection and genotyping of G. intestinalis and Blastocystis, Cryptosporidium and Entamoeba spp. in samples from different biogeographical regions of Colombia.

Methods
We collected 649 human fecal samples from five biogeographical regions of Colombia: the Amazon, Andean, Caribbean, Orinoco and Pacific regions. Blastocystis, G. intestinalis, Cryptosporidium spp. and Entamoeba complex were detected by microscopy and conventional PCR. Molecular genotyping was conducted to identify Blastocystis subtypes (STs) (18s), G. intestinalis assemblages (triose phosphate isomerase and glutamate dehydrogenase) and Cryptosporidium species (18s). Genetic diversity indices were determined using dnasp.5.

Results
We detected G. intestinalis in 45.4% (n = 280) of samples, Blastocystis in 54.5% (n = 336) of samples, Cryptosporidium spp. in 7.3% (n = 45) of samples, Entamoeba dispar in 1.5% (n = 9) of samples, and Entamoeba moshkovskii in 0.32% (n = 2) of samples. Blastocystis STs 1–4, 8 and 9 and G. intestinalis assemblages AII, BIII, BIV, D and G were identified. The following Cryptosporidium species were identified: C. hominis, C. parvum, C. bovis, C. andersoni, C. muris, C. ubiquitum and C. felis. The Caribbean region had the highest frequency for each of the microorganisms evaluated (91.9% for G. duodenalis, 97.3% for Blastocystis, 10.8% for Cryptosporidium spp., 13.5% for E. dispar and 2.7% for E. moshkovskii). The Orinoco region had a high frequency of Blastocystis (97.2%) and the Andean region had a high frequency of G. intestinalis (69.4%). High and active transmission was apparent in several regions of the country, implying that mechanisms for prevention and control of intestinal parasitosis in different parts of the country must be improved.
Self‐Propelled PLGA Micromotor with Chemotactic Response to Inflammation
Authors: Wang Jiamian , Toebes B. Jelle , Plachokova Adelina S. , Liu Qian , Deng Dongmei , Jansen John A. , Yang Fang , Wilson Daniela A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLocal drug delivery systems have recently been developed for multiple diseases that have the requirements of site‐specific actions, prolonged delivery periods, and decreased drug dosage to reduce undesirable side effects. The challenge for such systems is to achieve directional and precise delivery in inaccessible narrow lesions, such as periodontal pockets or root canals in deeper portions of the dentinal tubules. The primary strategy to tackle this challenge is fabricating a smart tracking delivery system. Here, drug‐loaded biodegradable micromotors showing self‐propelled directional movement along a hydrogen peroxide concentration gradient produced by phorbol esters‐stimulated macrophages are reported. The drug‐loaded poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) micromotors with asymmetric coverage of enzyme (patch‐like enzyme distribution) are prepared by electrospraying and postfunctionalized with catalase via 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide coupling. Doxycycline, a common drug for the treatment of periodontal disease, is selected as a model drug, and the release study by high‐performance liquid chromatography is shown that both the postfunctionalization step and the presence of hydrogen peroxide have no negative influence on drug release profiles. The movement behavior in the presence of hydrogen peroxide is confirmed by nanoparticle tracking analysis. An in vitro model is designed and confirmed the response efficiency and directional control of the micromotors toward phorbol esters‐stimulated macrophages.
Conversion of 2,3‐Dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine‐2‐carboxamides to 3‐Oxoquinolin‐2(1H)‐ones via Ring‐Opening and Formal 6‐endo‐trig Cyclization‐Involved Heck Reactions
Authors: Bhattacharya Debabrata , Tomar Radha , Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report the conversion of 2,3‐dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine‐2‐carboxamides, (derived from 2,3‐dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine‐2‐carboxylic acid and 2‐haloanilines) to 3‐oxoquinolin‐2(1H)‐one motifs using catalytic amounts of Pd(OAc)2, PPh3, BINOL and Cs2CO3 (1.5 equiv). This conversion occurred via the less common formal 6‐endo‐trig cyclization and chelation‐controlled β‐arylation (Heck‐type reaction) pathways. Initially, a base‐mediated ring‐opening of the 2,3‐dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine moiety generates an acrylamide intermediate in situ, which then undergoes a formal 6‐endo‐trig cyclization‐involved Heck‐type reaction to afford 3‐oxoquinolin‐2(1H)‐one motif. The proposed acrylamide intermediate was isolated, characterized by the X‐ray structure analysis and then, it was also treated under the experimental conditions, which afforded the expected 3‐oxoquinolin‐2(1H)‐one; thus, providing a strong support for the proposed mechanism. Various 3‐oxoquinolin‐2(1H)‐one motifs were synthesized in moderate to good yields. Representative 3‐oxoquinolin‐2(1H)‐one motifs were characterized by X‐ray analysis.
Perimortem versus postmortem damage: The recent case of Cioclovina 1
Authors: Soficaru Andrei D. , Trinkaus Erik 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesKranioti, Grigorescu, and Harvati have recently described (PLoS One 2019, 14(7),e0216718) the breakage to the Cioclovina 1 earlier Upper Paleolithic cranium as indicating fatal interhuman blunt trauma. We have reassessed their analysis in terms of the specimen's condition at discovery, its current condition, and the post‐discovery history of the cranium.Materials and MethodsThe original Cioclovina 1 neurocranium and currently associated pieces were visually assessed for the nature of the damage to them, and the records of its discovery, the original 1942 photographs, and their subsequent history in Bucharest were reviewed.ResultsThe damage to Cioclovina 1, attributed by Kranioti and colleagues to perimortem blunt trauma, was not present at the time of its 1940–41 discovery in the Peştera Cioclovina Uscată. The “trauma” is from the World War II bombing of the University of Bucharest and subsequent attempts to restore the cranium. The damage does not, and cannot, document interhuman violence in the Pleistocene.ConclusionsAlthough other cases of antemortem and perimortem trauma are known from the earlier Upper Paleolithic, and Pleistocene humans more broadly, there is absolutely no evidence of perimortem trauma on the Cioclovina 1 cranium. Proper assessment of levels and patterns of human trauma in the Pleistocene must be based on the correct paleontological, taphonomic, and historical assessment of the fossil remains in question.
A Hybrid Assembly of MXene with NH2−Si Nanoparticles Boosting Lithium Storage Performance
Authors: Cui Yu , Wang Jie , Wang Xin , Qin Jinwen , Cao Minhua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA facile hybrid assembly between Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets and (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxylsilane‐modified Si nanoparticles (NH2−Si NPs) was developed to construct multilayer stacking of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets with NH2−Si NPs assembling together (NH2−Si/Ti3C2Tx). NH2−Si/Ti3C2Tx exhibits a significantly enhanced lithium storage performance compared to pristine Si, which is attributed to the robust crosslinking architecture and considerably improved electrical conductivity as well as shorter Li+ diffusion pathways. The optimized NH2−Si/Ti3C2Tx anode with Ti3C2Tx: NH2−Si mass ratio of 4 : 1 displays an enhanced capacity (864 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C) with robust capacity retention, which is significantly higher than those of NH2−Si NPs and Ti3C2Tx anodes. Furthermore, this work demonstrates the important effect of the MXene‐based electrode architecture on the electrochemical performance and can guide future work on designing high‐performance Si/MXene hybrids for energy storage applications.
Single‐center prospective study examining use of the Wattson temporary pacing guidewire for transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Hensey Mark , Sathananthan Janarthanan , Alkhodair Abdullah , Landes Uri , Wood David A. , Daniels David , Webb John G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the safety and efficacy of the Wattson temporary pacing guidewire.BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) requires a guidewire for device delivery and generally requires temporary pacing wire for burst and back‐up pacing. The Wattson wire provides concomitant support and bipolar pacing without the need to place a temporary venous pacemaker (TVP).MethodsThis was a single‐center nonrandomized prospective clinical trial enrolling 20 patients. The primary endpoint was defined as successful rapid pacing and transcatheter heart valve (THV) delivery with no loss of capture. Safety, qualitative and quantitative secondary outcomes were also analyzed.ResultsMean age was 77.4 ± 9.0 years. Mean Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) score was 3.0 ± 1.5%. All patients received a balloon‐expandable valve via a transfemoral approach. All patients met the primary end‐point. One patient (5%) had balloon predilatation and six patients (30%) had postdilatation, all using the wire. Mean pacing threshold was 2.2 ± 1.2 mA that was evaluated prior to placing an insulating catheter over the wire. One patient required TVP placement and subsequent permanent pacemaker implantation due to complete heart block post THV deployment. There were no incidences of cardiac perforation or tamponade. One patient required valve reintervention, which was not related to the device.ConclusionsThe Wattson wire offered predictable guidewire support with concomitant reliable bipolar pacing at low thresholds to allow safe THV delivery in this patient cohort. It has the potential to make TAVR a safer and more efficient procedure.
Advances in Nanomaterial‐based Water Treatment Approaches for Photocatalytic Degradation of Water Pollutants
Authors: Som Ipsita , Roy Mouni , Saha Rajnarayan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDemand of pure drinking water is increasing day by day in line with both a growing population and global industrialization. Studies in the past few decades on the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for the treatment of wastewater containing perilous organic pollutants, are promising when compared to conventional water treatment methods. In case of AOP, generation of powerful oxidant radicals (.OH, HOO.) is crucial for the purpose of degradation. Several processes for the in‐situ generation of such highly reactive oxidants have been discussed. This Review highlights the literature reports on the degradation of various organic pollutants (dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides) by means of photocatalysis. A number of scientific investigations have been performed, which elucidate suitable properties (band gap energy, carrier transport, crystallinity etc.) for the deliberate design of efficient photocatalysts. The oxidation rates and degradation efficiency of photocatalysts are governed by some basic parameters, like organic pollutant concentration, photocatalyst concentration, pH, reaction temperature, light intensity, irradiation time, inorganic ions, oxidants, and these are also discussed. Titania and titania based materials have many attractive properties (nontoxicity, less costly, advanced optical properties, high stability) towards photo degradation process. Several studies have been reported investigating the intermediates produced during degradation process as well as the final degraded product, which might be toxic and/or hazardous to the human as well as to the environment. This review assimilates elaborate study on the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of various organic pollutants.
ACOUSTIC EMISSION SOURCE LOCATION IN I GIRDER BASED ON EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND LAMB WAVE PROPAGATION SIMULATION
Authors: Cheng Lu , Xin Haohui , Veljkovic Milan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcoustic Emission (AE) is used in various fields of engineering and recently has been gained increasing attention in crack detection of cyclically loaded engineering structures. The crack location strategies are rather complicated for realistic structures with complex geometry. In this paper, pencil leads breaking (PLB) experiments and finite element simulation of lamb wave propagation are conducted to give a rational interpretation on acoustic wave propagation within composite structures. Identification of the fundamental extensional mode (S0) and flexural mode (A0) is successfully carried out. The proposed FE models are proven to be a suitable alternative/complement to the experiments, in the monitoring of realistic structures.
Improved Operating Parameters for Hydrogen Peroxide‐Generating Gas Diffusion Electrodes
Authors: Muddemann Thorben , Haupt Dennis R. , Sievers Michael , Kunz Ulrich 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe influence of process parameters on the H2O2 yield of gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) are investigated. The investigated GDEs consist of Vulcan XC72 carbon black and PTFE on gold‐plated nickel wire cloth. An electrolysis cell is used to evaluate the influence of various process parameters, such as temperature, pH value, oxygen pressure and stoichiometric factor, electrolyte flow regime, current density and separator material at steady‐state conditions. It is found that the investigated GDE enables current efficiencies greater than 90 % at up to 2 kA m−2, whereby lower electrolyte temperatures and higher pH values contribute to higher H2O2 yields above 90 % current efficiency.