bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omitting radiotherapy is safe in breast cancer patients ≥ 70 years old after breast-conserving surgery without axillary lymph node operation
Authors: Zhong Ying , Xu Yali , Zhou Yidong , Mao Feng , Lin Yan , Guan Jinghong , Shen Songjie , Pan Bo , Wang Changjun , Peng Li , Huang Xin , Wang Xuefei , Sun Qiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo verify whether omitting radiotherapy from breast cancer treatment for patients ≥ 70 years old following breast-conserving surgery (BCS) without axillary lymph node dissection is safe. Previous studies have shown that omitting breast radiotherapy after BCS and axillary lymph node dissection is safe for elderly breast cancer patients. We aimed to evaluate the safety of BCS without axillary surgery or breast radiotherapy (BCSNR) in elderly patients with breast cancer and clinically negative axillary lymph nodes. We performed a retrospective analysis of 481 patients with breast cancer, aged ≥ 70 years, between 2010 and 2016. Of these, 302 patients underwent BCSNR and 179 underwent other, larger scope operations. Local recurrence rate, ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) rate, distant metastasis rate, breast-related death, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. After a median follow-up of 60 months, no significant differences in local recurrence, distant metastasis rate, breast-related death, and DFS were noted. The OS was similar (P = 0.56) between the BCSNR group (91.7%) and other operations group (93.0%). The IBTR rate was considered low in both groups, however resulted greater (P = 0.005) in the BCSNR group (5.3%) than in other operations group (1.6%). BCSNR did not affect the survival of elderly patients with breast cancer with clinically negative axillary lymph nodes. IBTR was infrequent in both groups; however, there was a significant difference between the two groups. BCSNR is a feasible treatment modality for patients with breast cancer ≥ 70 years old with clinically negative axillary lymph nodes.
A phononic crystal coupled to a transmission line via an artificial atom
Authors: Bolgar Aleksey N. , Kirichenko Daniil D. , Shaikhaidarov Rais. S. , Sanduleanu Shtefan V. , Semenov Alexander V. , Dmitriev Aleksey Yu. , Astafiev Oleg V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe interaction of superconducting qubits with surface acoustic wave resonators in quantum regime has been achieved recently. It opens a new field of research – quantum acoustodynamics – and allows developing new types of quantum devices. The main challenge in this direction is to manufacture acoustic resonators in the gigahertz range. Here, we demonstrate that the structure of a hybrid acoustodynamic device can be significantly simplified, if we replace an acoustic resonator with a phononic crystal. Our crystal consists of narrow metallic stripes on a quartz surface. The artificial atom in turn interacts with a microwave transmission line. Therefore, two degrees of freedom of different nature, acoustic and electromagnetic, are coupled with a single quantum object. A scattering spectrum of propagating electromagnetic waves on the artificial atom visualizes acoustic modes of the phononic crystal. Our geometry allows realizing effects of quantum acoustics on a simple and compact system.
Selenium supplementation protects against oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest through activation of PI3K/AKT
Authors: Sun Wenjuan , Zhu Jiawei , Li Shuang , Tang Chaohua , Zhao Qingyu , Zhang Junmin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Oxidative stress significantly contributes to heart disease, and thus might be a promising target for ameliorating heart failure. Mounting evidence suggests that selenium has chemotherapeutic potential for treating heart disease due to its regulation of selenoproteins, which play antioxidant regulatory roles. Oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest contributes to the loss of cardiomyocytes during heart failure. The protective effects and mechanism of selenium against oxidative stress-induced cell cycle arrest in cardiomyocytes warrant further study. H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide in the presence or absence of selenium supplementation. Na2SeO3 pretreatment alleviated H2O2-induced oxidative stress, increased thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and counteracted the H2O2-induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase. These effects were accompanied by attenuation of the H2O2-induced strengthening of the G2/M-phase inhibitory system, including increased mRNA and protein levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and decreased p21 mRNA levels. Notably, Na2SeO3 pretreatment activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and inhibition of PI3K counteracted the protective effects of selenium on H2O2-induced cell cycle arrest. We corroborated our findings in vivo by inducing oxidative stress in pig heart by feeding a selenium deficient diet, which decreased the TXNRD activity, inactivated PI3K/AKT signaling and strengthened the G2/M-phase inhibitory system. We concluded that the cardioprotective effects of selenium supplementation against oxidative stress-induced cell cycle arrest in cardiomyocytes might be mediated by the selenoprotein-associated (GPx and TXNRD) antioxidant capacity, thereby activating redox status-associated PI3K/AKT pathways, which promote cell cycle progression by targeting the G2/M phase inhibitory system. This study provides new insight into the underlying mechanisms of cardioprotection effects of selenium at the cellular level.
Can oppositely charged polyelectrolyte stars form a gel? A simulational study
Authors: Tagliabue Andrea , Landsgesell Jonas , Mella Massimo , Holm Christian 
Published: November 2020

A Langevin MD study of an equimolar mixture of monodispersed oppositely charged di- block four-armed polyelectrolyte stars is presented. We determine the minimal charged block length which results in gels and we study the ionic bond kinetics.
Tracking solar wind flows from rapidly varying viewpoints by the Wide-field Imager for Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Nindos A. , Patsourakos S. , Vourlidas A. , Liewer P. C. , Penteado P. , Hall J. R. 
Published: November 2020

Aims.Our goal is to develop methodologies to seamlessly track transient solar wind flows viewed by coronagraphs or heliospheric imagers from rapidly varying viewpoints.Methods.We constructed maps of intensity versus time and elongation (J-maps) from Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Wide-field Imager (WISPR) observations during the fourth encounter of PSP. From the J-map, we built an intensity on impact-radius-on-Thomson-surface map (R-map). Finally, we constructed a latitudinal intensity versus time map (Lat-map). Our methodology satisfactorily addresses the challenges associated with the construction of such maps from data taken from rapidly varying viewpoint observations.Results.Our WISPR J-map exhibits several tracks, corresponding to transient solar wind flows ranging from a coronal mass ejection down to streamer blobs. The latter occurrence rate is about 4–5 per day, which is similar to the occurrence rate in a J-map made from ~1 AU data obtained with the Heliospheric Imager-1 (HI-1) on board the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory Ahead spacecraft (STEREO-A). STEREO-A was radially aligned with PSP during the study period. The WISPR J-map tracks correspond to angular speeds of 2.28 ± 0.7°/h (2.49 ± 0.95°/h), for linear (quadratic) time-elongation fittings, and radial speeds of about 150–300 km s−1. The analysis of the Lat-map reveals a bifurcating streamer, which implies that PSP was flying through a slightly folded streamer during perihelion.Conclusions.We developed a framework to systematically capture and characterize transient solar wind flows from space platforms with rapidly varying vantage points. The methodology can be applied to PSP WISPR observations as well as to upcoming observations from instruments on board the Solar Orbiter mission.
Kausalketten erkennen und behandeln
Authors: Herget Harald 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIm Organismus können Organe und Organsysteme auf verschiedenen Ebenen miteinander verbunden sein, zum Beispiel endokrin, lymphatisch oder mechanisch. Aus den verschiedenen Verbindungen im Organismus ergeben sich Kausalketten, die bei Störungen Symptome und Erkrankungen wie Migräne und Rheuma auslösen können. Wenn in einer Kausalkette eine Störung vorliegt, ist der Ursprung zu ergründen, um eine kausale Therapie entlang der Kausalkette zu ermöglichen.
Erfahrungen von Praxisakteuren in medizinischen Rehabilitations- einrichtungen im Rahmen von Forschungsprojekten – eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Schaller Andrea , Xyländer Margret , Stassen Gerrit , Exner Anne-Kathrin , Sauzet Odile 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die Erfahrungen von versorgungsnahen Praxisakteuren der medizinischen Rehabilitation im Rahmen ihrer Mitwirkung bei Forschungsprojekten zu beschreiben.Methodik Es wurden 8 halbstrukturierte Leitfadeninterviews mit Mitarbeitenden in medizinischen Rehabilitationseinrichtungen durchgeführt (3 Frauen, 5 Männer). Die mittlere Berufserfahrung der befragten Therapeut/innen, Ärzt/innen und Verwaltungsmitarbeitenden lag bei 21 (±10) Jahren und die Befragten waren durchschnittlich an 2 (±1) Forschungsprojekten beteiligt (min: 1; max: 7). Die Auswertung erfolgte nach der inhaltlich-strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring.Ergebnisse Die Erfahrungen der Praxisakteure machten die Relevanz um das Wissen der unterschiedlichen strukturellen Rahmenbedingungen von Wissenschaft und Praxis deutlich. Dies zeigte sich in 6 Hauptkategorien: Projektinitiierung, projektbezogener Erstkontakt, Motivation zur Mitwirkung, subjektive Wahrnehmung projektbezogener Tätigkeiten, Erfahrungen in der Projektarbeit und Wünsche bzw. Verbesserungsbedarfe. Dabei zeigte sich, dass neben dem Wissen um die Rahmenbedingungen der Praxisakteure auch projektbezogene Kommunikationsstrukturen von großer Bedeutung für das Gelingen von Forschungsprojekten sind.Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden explorativen Studie können als Ausgangspunkt dienen, um konkrete Empfehlungen für Forschende hinsichtlich der Zusammenarbeit mit Praxisakteuren in anwendungsorientierten Rehabilitationsforschungsprojekten systematisch zu entwickeln.
Molecular Targets and Nanoparticulate Systems Designed for the Improved Therapeutic Intervention in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Akhter Md. Habban , Rizwanullah Md. , Ahmad Javed , Amin Saima , Ahmad Mohammad Zaki , Minhaj Md. Akram , Mujtaba Md. Ali , Ali Javed 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and fatal CNS related tumors, which is responsible for about 4% of cancer-related deaths. Current GBM therapy includes surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The effective chemotherapy of GBM is compromised by two barriers, i. e., the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood tumor barrier (BTB). Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Nanoparticles are one of the highly efficient drug delivery systems for a variety of chemotherapeutics that have gained massive attention from the last three decades. Perfectly designed nanoparticles have the ability to cross BBB and BTB and precisely deliver the chemotherapeutics to GBM tissue/cells. Nanoparticles can encapsulate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, genes, proteins, and peptides, increase the stability of drugs by protecting them from degradation, improve plasma half-life, reduce adverse effects and control the release of drugs/genes at the desired site. This review focussed on the different signaling pathways altered in GBM cells to understand the rationale behind selecting new therapeutic targets, challenges in the drug delivery to the GBM, various transport routes in brain delivery, and recent advances in targeted delivery of different drug and gene loaded various lipidic, polymeric and inorganic nanoparticles in the effective management of GBM.
A Review on COVID-19 Mediated Impacts and Risk Mitigation Strategies for Dental Health Professionals
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Parolia Abhishek , Kanagasingam Shalini 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the light of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), dentistry is facing unprecedented challenges. The closure of clinics has impacted dental health professionals (DHPs) not only financially but also psychologically. In this review, these consequences are discussed in detail to highlight the challenges that DHPs are facing thus far, in both developing and developed nations. Compromised mental health among DHPs is an important area that requires attention during this difficult period. Although, in previous pandemics, dentists have not worked on the frontline, the article discusses how their wide range of skillsets can be leveraged if another wave of COVID-19 pandemic appears. Finally, guidelines to reopen clinics and patient management have been discussed in detail that could serve as a quick reference guide for DHPs.
A Case of Abdominothoracic Cystic Lymphangiomatosis Presenting as Left-Sided Inguinal Swelling in a Young Adult: Radiological Manifestation
Authors: Hazarika Dibyamohan , Aggarwal Abhinav 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLymphatic system imaging has been a challenging field in Radiology. We here describe a case of a 26-year-old male who presented with complaints of left-sided inguinoscrotal swelling and was subsequently diagnosed with abdomino-thoracic cystic lymphangiomatosis. Detailed imaging evaluation across the modalities of ultrasonography, computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation revealed extensive involvement and diagnostic imaging appearance of the unique lymphatic system abnormality. Imaging findings were confirmed on histopathology.
Earlier Initiation of Postoperative Physical Therapy Decreases Opioid Use after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Frenkel Rutenberg Tal , Izchak Haim , Rosenthal Yoav , Barak Uri , Shemesh Shai , Heller Snir 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the knee, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been shown to provide significant pain relief and improved function with consistent, reproducible results. Post-operative physical therapy (PT) plays an important role is restoring muscle strength and range of motion (ROM). Yet, the impact of earlier physical therapy initiation after TKA has not been well defined. We assessed 205 patients that underwent primary TKA including 136 patients who started PT on the first post-operative day (POD1) and a second group that started PT 3 days after surgery (POD3), or later. Length of hospital stay (LOS), opioid use during hospital stay, complications, re-admissions, knee ROM and the need for subsequent hospitalized rehabilitation were recorded. LOS was not significantly shorter in the early PT group, compared with the delayed PT group (6.4 ± 2.2 days vs. 6.8 ± 2 days, respectively, P = .217). Patients in the delayed PT group consumed more opioids during their inpatient stay compared with the early PT group on both POD 3 (89% vs 82%, p = 0.013) and POD 4 (81% vs 66%, p = 0.005). There was no significant difference in the incidence of Immediate post-operative complications or final knee ROM between the two groups. While early postoperative PT did not impact hospital LOS or final knee ROM, it was associated with an earlier reduction in postoperative opioid consumption after primary TKA.
Evolution of the genetic code; Evidence from serine codon use disparity in
Escherichia coli
Authors: Inouye Masayori , Takino Risa , Ishida Yojiro , Inouye Keiko 
Published: November 2020

Significance
There are many questions related to the origin of life and how we came to rely on an almost universal system to encode all of life as we know it today. The genetic code is both robust and redundant, yet also full of interesting anomalies. Here we explore one of these anomalies, specifically the existence of two separate boxes/classes of serine codons, AGU/C and UCU/C/A/G. Unlike other synonymous codons encoding an amino acid, these codons for serine require a two-base substitution in order to go from one box to the other and remain a serine. Deciphering how this came to be will provide important insight into the origin of life and the genetic code.
Coupling of light and mechanics in a photonic crystal waveguide
Authors: Béguin J.-B. , Qin Z. , Luan X. , Kimble H. J. 
Published: November 2020

Significance

High-Q mechanical modes of transverse oscillation at a few megahertz are characterized for a photonic crystal waveguide (PCW) consisting of parallel dielectric nanobeams. The transduction of thermally excited motion of

33

p
m

at 300 K results in phase modulation with high signal-to-noise ratio for light propagating in a guided mode of the PCW. Numerical modeling gives good agreement with experiment. With these measurements in hand, the system is assessed for possible applications in quantum information science and technology involving strong coupling of single phonons of vibration to single atoms and photons trapped within the PCW.
Neuropsychological and neuropathological observations of a long-studied case of memory impairment
Authors: Squire Larry R. , Kim Soyun , Frascino Jennifer C. , Annese Jacopo , Bennett Jeffrey , Insausti Ricardo , Amaral David G. 
Published: November 2020

Significance
The most useful information about the anatomy of human memory comes from postmortem neurohistological analysis of patients who have been well-studied during life. Because of practical difficulties, this has rarely been accomplished. Here, we describe neuropsychological and neuropathological findings for a memory-impaired patient whom we studied for 24 y. He had a moderately severe memory impairment in new learning and retrograde amnesia for about 5 y. His neuropathology was unique among memory-impaired patients in involving both medial temporal lobe and diencephalic structures that have been associated with memory function.
A proposal for Heisenberg uncertainty principle and STUR for curved backgrounds: an application to white dwarf, neutron stars and black holes
Authors: Viaggiu S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
After a critical overview of the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) applied to compact objects, we propose a texture of Heisenberg uncertainty principle in curved spacetimes (CHUP). CHUP allows to write down physically motivated STUR (spacetime uncertainty relations) in a generic background for a non commutative spacetime in terms of tetrad variables. In order to study possible quantum effects for compact astrophysical objects as white dwarf, neutron stars and black holes, an expression for quantum fluctuations is outlined. As a result, contrary to GUP-based claims, we found no evidence for quantum effects concerning equilibrium equation and critical mass M
c for white dwarf and neutron stars. Conversely, our expression for CHUP confirms that general relativistic effects strongly reduce the Oppenheimer–Volkoff Newtonian limit for very compact astrophysical objects as neutron stars. In particular, we found that for a degenerate relativistic Fermi gas, the maximum mass decreases for increasing compactness of the star with a minimum critical mass M
c ≃ 0.59M
⊙ at the Buchdahl limit. Finally, we study possible non commutative effects near the event horizon of a black hole.
Investigation of the effect of the doping order in GaN nanowire p–n junctions grown by molecular-beam epitaxy
Authors: Saket Omar , Wang Junkang , Amador-Mendez Nuño , Morassi Martina , Kunti Arup , Bayle Fabien , Collin Stéphane , Jollivet Arnaud , Babichev Andrey , Sodhi Tanbir , Harmand Jean-Christophe , Julien François H , Gogneau Noelle , Tchernycheva Maria 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We analyse the electrical and optical properties of single GaN nanowire p–n junctions grown by plasma‐assisted molecular-beam epitaxy using magnesium and silicon as doping sources. Different junction architectures having either a n-base or a p-base structure are compared using optical and electrical analyses. Electron-beam induced current (EBIC) microscopy of the nanowires shows that in the case of a n-base p–n junction the parasitic radial growth enhanced by the magnesium (Mg) doping leads to a mixed axial-radial behaviour with strong wire-to-wire fluctuations of the junction position and shape. By reverting the doping order p-base p–n junctions with a purely axial well-defined structure and a low wire-to-wire dispersion are achieved. The good optical quality of the top n nanowire segment grown on a p-doped stem is preserved. A hole concentration in the p-doped segment exceeding 1018 cm−3 was extracted from EBIC mapping and photoluminescence analyses. This high concentration is reached without degrading the nanowire morphology.
Superconducting properties of in-plane W-C nanowires grown by He+ focused ion beam induced deposition
Authors: Orús Pablo , Córdoba Rosa , Hlawacek Gregor , De Teresa José María 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Focused ion beam induced deposition (FIBID) is a nanopatterning technique that uses a focused beam of charged ions to decompose a gaseous precursor. So far, the flexible patterning capabilities of FIBID have been widely exploited in the fabrication of superconducting nanostructures, using the W(CO)6 precursor mostly in combination with a focused beam of Ga+ ions. Here, the fabrication and characterization of superconducting in-plane tungsten-carbon (W-C) nanostructures by He+ FIBID of the W(CO)6 precursor is reported. A patterning resolution of 10 nm has been achieved, which is virtually unattainable for Ga+ FIBID. When the nanowires are patterned with widths of 20 nm and above, the deposited material is superconducting below 3.5–4 K. In addition, nanowires with widths of 60 and 90 nm have been found to sustain long-range controlled nonlocal superconducting vortex transfer along 3 μm. Overall, these findings strengthen the capabilities of He+ FIBID of W-C in the growth and patterning of in-plane superconducting nanodevices.
Challenges of conducting quantitative ultrasound with a multimodal optical imaging system
Authors: Pinkert Michael A , Hall Timothy J , Eliceiri Kevin W 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
High-frequency quantitative ultrasound is a potential non-invasive source of imaging cell-tissue scale biomarkers for major diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and preterm birth. However, one of the barriers to developing such biomarkers is that it is labor-intensive to compare quantitative ultrasound images to optical images of the tissue structure. We have previously developed a multiscale imaging system that can obtain registered qualitative ultrasound and optical images, but there are further technical challenges to obtaining quantitative data: System-specific details of obtaining and processing data with Verasonics high-frequency transducers; the need for high-frequency reference phantoms; and off-axis clutter from imaging above a glass coverslip. This paper provides a characterization of the Verasonics ultrasound system with the 18.5 MHz L22-14v and 28.5 MHz L38-22v transducers, describes the construction of high-frequency reference phantoms, and details methods for reducing off-axis clutter. The paper features a demonstration multiscale image of a wild type mouse mammary gland that incorporates quantitative ultrasound with both transducers and second harmonic generation microscopy. These advances demonstrate a way to obtain, on a single system with a cohesive and integrated pipeline, quantitative ultrasound data that is correlated with optical imaging without the need for extensive sample preparation.