bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation into the sequential application of cationic/anionic fixing agents to improve the oxidative washing resistance of CI Leuco Sulphur Black 1‐dyed cotton fabric
Authors: Mohtashim Quratulain , Rigout Muriel , Carr Chris 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSulphur‐dyed cellulosic textiles are susceptible to washing powders containing activated peracid formulations resulting in obvious fading during repeated laundering. This study presents a novel one‐bath/two‐stage exhaust finishing process to improve the oxidative wash fastness of CI Leuco Sulphur Black 1‐dyed cotton fabric. The effect of the combined Tinofix ECO and Bayprotect Cl after‐treatment was to impart better colour fastness to oxidative International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) 105 CO9 washing of the dyed cotton compared with those dyed fabrics after‐treated with Tinofix ECO alone. In addition, while the dyed fabrics rub and light fastness performances were unchanged by the after‐treatments, some improvement in the tensile strength of the combined Tinofix ECO and Bayprotect Cl after‐treated fabrics was observed.
Concomitant cardiac and hepatic hemangiomas
Authors: Shojaeifard Maryam , Saedi Sedigheh , Alizadeh Ghavidel Alireza , Karimlu Mohammad Reza , Kasaei Mohammad , Reza Pouraliakbar Hamid , Mozaffari Kambiz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPrimary tumors of the heart are rare with a reported incidence of about 0.002% to 0.3% at autopsy. A cardiac hemangioma is a form of benign primary cardiac tumor that often presents with atypical clinical symptoms. Hemangiomas are generally isolated lesions. Here, we report a patient with previous hepatic hemangioma who later was found to have a large coexistent cardiac hemangioma presenting with cardiac compressive symptoms.
Examination of the success rate of secondary symbiont manipulation by microinjection methods in the pea aphid system
Authors: Sochard Corentin , Morlière Stéphanie , Toussaint Grégory , Outreman Yannick , Sugio Akiko , Simon Jean‐Christophe 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInsects harbor a wide range of microbial symbionts, but their influence on host phenotypes is described in a limited number of biological models. One experimental approach to gain knowledge on the effects of symbionts to their hosts is to create insect lines with and without symbionts and examine their phenotypes. However, the success rate of symbiont elimination and introduction methods is dependent on several parameters that are scarcely tested or described. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a model insect of symbiosis studies. It harbors a primary symbiont that supplies the host with essential amino acids, and an array of secondary symbionts whose effects have been assessed by manipulating their presence/absence in the insect. Here, we describe the influence of key parameters on the success rate of symbiont manipulation using the pea aphid–secondary symbiont system. We compared two elimination methods differing in antibiotic treatment using several aphid–symbiont combinations. We also created new aphid host–symbiont combinations by secondary symbiont introduction and examined the effects of larval stage of recipient aphids on introduction success. Our study revealed that the aphid–symbiont combination has strong influence on both symbiont introduction and elimination success rates, and that the type of antibiotics and the larval stage of recipient aphids influence the elimination and introduction success rate, respectively.
Skewed distributions of lifetime reproductive success: beyond mean and variance
Authors: Tuljapurkar Shripad , Zuo Wenyun , Coulson Tim , Horvitz Carol , Gaillard Jean‐Michel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLifetime reproductive performance is quantified here by the LRS (lifetime reproductive success), the random number of offspring an individual produces over its lifetime. Many field studies find that distributions of LRS among individuals are non‐normal, zero‐inflated and highly skewed. These results beg the question, what is the distribution of LRS predicted by demographic models when the only source of randomness is demographic stochasticity? Here we present the first exact analysis of the probability distribution of LRS for species described by age + stage models; our analysis starts with estimated vital rates. We illustrate with three examples: the Hadza, human hunter‐foragers (age‐only), the evergreen tree Tsuga canadensis (stage‐only) and Roe deer, Capreolus capreolus (age + stage). For each we obtain the exact distribution of LRS, but also calculate and discuss the first three moments. Our results point to important questions about how such LRS distributions affect natural selection, and life history evolution.
The relationship between cognition and functional outcomes in rehabilitation: FIMCog vs. MoCA
Authors: Zakharova‐Luneva Evgeniya , Cooke Deirdre M , Okano Satomi , Hurst Cameron , Geffen Saul , Eagles Roslyn 
Published: February 2020

AimTo understand the relationship between scores on two standardized measures of cognition, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the cognitive subscale of the Functional Independence Measure (FIMCog), and whether these scores can predict functional outcomes in rehabilitation.MethodsRetrospective data analysis was conducted on all inpatients admitted to a general rehabilitation unit within a 6‐month period (N = 477). The average age of patients was 74 years. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was completed for all patients on admission and discharge. The MoCA was administered to patients on clinical suspicion of cognitive impairment. The MoCA was completed with 116 patients. Cognitive status was assessed using FIMCog and MoCA. The motor subscale of FIM was used to assess functional status in calculating the motor Rehabilitation Functional Gain (mRFG) and motor Rehabilitation Functional Efficiency (mRFE) scores. Discharge destination was also used as an outcome measure.ResultsThere was a moderate correlation between FIMCog and MoCA scores on admission (r = 0.49, P < 0.001). Higher FIMCog and MoCA scores were associated with higher mRFG and mRFE scores. There was an indication that patients with higher MoCA scores were more likely to be discharged to a private residence (adjusted odds ratio 1.11; 95% confidence interval: 0.99, 1.25, P = 0.072). Cut‐off points of <25 on the MoCA (sensitivity 88.9%, specificity 48.9%), and <29 on the FIMCog (sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 53.3%) predicted those patients who were less likely to discharge to a private residence.ConclusionsFIMCog and MoCA scores on admission were moderately correlated, and strongly correlated with functional rehabilitation outcomes. The FIMCog and MoCA had moderately high utility in predicting discharge destination. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 336–342.
Reversible Lesion of the Corpus Callosum in a Patient With Migraine With Aura: A Case Study
Authors: Lewis Richard , Ruiz Armando , Monteith Teshamae 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo describe a patient with migraine with aura (MWA) who was found to have a reversible lesion of the corpus callosum.BackgroundReversible lesions of the splenium of the corpus callosum are well‐described clinical‐radiographic phenomena, which have been associated with a wide array of disease states, including epilepsy, demyelinating disease, infection, and metabolic derangements. There have been few case reports in the literature to date of these lesions associated with migraine headache.Design/MethodsA case report.ResultsA 41 year‐old female with a history of migraine with visual aura presented with headache associated with left‐sided sensorimotor deficits. Routine laboratory tests were within normal limits. An electroencephlogram was also normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with and without contrast revealed areas of restricted diffusion in the splenium and the genu of the corpus callosum. The patient's symptoms resolved after 2 days. A follow‐up MRI 2 days after the onset of symptoms revealed resolution of the callosal lesions. The patient was diagnosed clinically with migraine with prolonged aura.ConclusionMWA may be associated with reversible lesions of the corpus callosum.
Acquired haemophilia and haemostatic control with recombinant porcine factor VIII: case series
Authors: Campbell Sally , Mason Jane , Prasad Ritam , Ambrose Harriet , Hunt Stewart , Tran Huyen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a rare acquired bleeding disorder that can present with life‐threatening bleeding.AimsTo describe recent Australian use of recombinant porcine factor VIII (rpFVIII) replacement therapy as a haemostatic agent in patients with acquired haemophilia.MethodsFour patients with acquired haemophilia treated in three different institutions around Australia in the past 12 months were included in the study. Haemostatic efficacy of Obizur (Takeda) was assigned by the treating haematologist according to previously published criteria.ResultsSix bleeds were treated with rpFVIII, three of which were initially refractory to treatment with recombinant VIIa. rpFVIII was rated efficacious in 100% of bleeds by 24 h. rpFVIII loading dose was 100 U/kg (100–120 U kg−1) and this increased the factor VIII level (via one‐stage FVIII assay) from <1–1.2% to 54–306% taken 0.5–1.5 h post‐infusion. Subsequent doses ranged from 40 to 60 U/kg twice daily or daily for 3 to 13 days. No rpFVIII related adverse events occurred. Three of the four patients achieved complete remission and were weaned from immunosuppression. One patient died prior to achieving partial remission, secondary to an arterial ischaemic event.ConclusionThis case series demonstrates that recombinant porcine FVIII is efficacious to treat acute bleeds in acquired haemophilia, including in those who are refractory to bypassing agents. Doses of rpFVIII were able to be titrated based on FVIII level and clinical response.
Relationship between residual kidney function and symptom burden in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Kong Jessica H. , Davies Matthew R. P. , Mount Peter F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundResidual kidney function (RKF) has been associated with improved solute clearance and survival in haemodialysis (HD) patients. However, whether RKF impacts symptom burden in HD patients is unknown.AimsTo determine the prevalence of RKF in HD patients and to explore associations between higher levels of RKF with symptom burden, as well as clinical and biochemical parameters.MethodsThis is a single‐centre, retrospective, observational study. RKF was assessed as urea clearance (KRU) by interdialytic urine collection. Symptom burden was measured using the palliative care outcome scale renal questionnaire.ResultsA total of 90 maintenance HD patients was recruited; 31.9% had KRU ≥1 mL/min/1.73 m2. Patients with KRU ≥1 mL/min/1.73 m2 reported fewer symptoms (5.3 ± 3.5 vs 7.7 ± 3.8) (P = 0.011), including less shortness of breath (15% vs 55%) (P = 0.0013) and vomiting (0% vs 30%) (P = 0.0016). Higher RKF was associated with lower β2‐microglobilin (P < 0.0001), and lower serum potassium (P = 0.02), but no difference in phosphate, haemoglobin, C‐reactive protein or serum albumin.ConclusionHigher RKF was significantly associated with fewer symptoms, and lower serum β2‐microglobulin and potassium, suggesting that strategies to preserve RKF may be beneficial.
Efficacy and tolerability of febuxostat in gout patients on dialysis
Authors: Choi See Y. , Choi Seung W. , Lee Sunggun , So Min W. , Oh Ji S. , Lim Doo‐Ho 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are no sufficient data available on the use of febuxostat in patients undergoing dialysis.AimTo investigate the efficacy and tolerability of febuxostat in gout patients on dialysis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed clinical and laboratory data available from a referral centre from January 2012 to December 2018. We included gout patients who initiated febuxostat during dialysis. Data regarding serum uric acid levels before and after the febuxostat treatment and clinical information such as gout attack after febuxostat initiation, as well as adverse events involving febuxostat treatment, were obtained from medical records.ResultsAmong 62 patients who were treated with febuxostat for over 3 months, 45 were undergoing haemodialysis (HD) and 17 were undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The mean serum uric acid level was significantly reduced 3 months after treatment (3.71 ± 1.32 mg/dL) compared with that at the pretreatment level (9.36 ± 2.06 mg/dL) (P < 0.001). The serum uric acid level was observed to be significantly reduced at 3 months in both HD and PD patients and subsequently remained at a significantly reduced level for 12 months. Of the 62 patients, only two stopped febuxostat due to its adverse effects. Initial dose of 80 mg/day was associated with higher adverse events compared to dose of 20–40 mg/day (odds ratio 8.25, 95% confidence interval 1.90–35.97, P = 0.006).ConclusionsFebuxostat is efficacious and well tolerated in gout patients on dialysis. Febuxostat taken at dose of 20–40 mg/day might be appropriate initial dose in patients undergoing dialysis.
How does a bank's involvement interplay with a firm's capacity investment? An analysis and comparison of different consortium structures
Authors: Wang Kelly Yujie , Wen Yuan , Yip Tsz Leung , Luo Meifeng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAs nonrecourse project finance (rather than financing on a sovereign basis) is becoming more prevalent worldwide, financing institutions have to collaborate more closely with firms to optimize capacity‐investment and financing decisions. Under this background, this paper presents a stylized Stackelberg games model, taking into account the firm's capacity investment as well as the bank's interest rate and funding ratio decisions. Consortium structures between bank and firm are formalized into five modes based on industry practice, namely, the integrated consortium, pure shareholder funding, bank as leader, full coordination, and bank as follower. The optimality and equilibrium of each of the five modes are analytically derived, and their existence and uniqueness are demonstrated. Valuable economic insights are obtained through both modeling analysis and numerical experiments, with the main findings including the following: (i) a lack of bank financing leads to insufficient capacity investment and poor consortium performance; (ii) interest rate and funding ratio play important but different roles in the bank's risk management; (iii) the bank's proactivity in leading and coordinating the consortium is critical for the two parties’ overall performance; and (iv) if the bank is the follower, the firm's capacity decision is irrelevant to the bank's loan contract, and the consortium cannot be coordinated to the first‐best level of performance.
Association of West African ancestry and blood pressure control among African Americans taking antihypertensive medication in the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Van Tassell Jon C. , Shimbo Daichi , Hess Rachel , Kittles Rick , Wilson James G. , Jorde Lynn B. , Li Man , Lange Leslie A. , Lange Ethan M. , Muntner Paul , Bress Adam P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAfrican Americans have a wide range of continental genetic ancestry. It is unclear whether racial differences in blood pressure (BP) control are related to ancestral background. The authors analyzed data from the Jackson Heart Study, a cohort exclusively comprised of self‐identified African Americans, to assess the association between estimated West African ancestry (WAA) and BP control (systolic and diastolic BP < 140/90 mm Hg). Three nested modified Poisson regression models were used to calculate prevalence ratios for BP control associated with the three upper quartiles, separately, vs the lowest quartile of West African ancestry. The authors analyzed data from 1658 participants with hypertension who reported taking all of their antihypertensive medications in the previous 24 hours. WAA was estimated using 389 ancestry informative markers and categorized into quartiles (Q1: <73.7%, Q2: >73.7%‐81.0%, Q3: >81.0%‐86.3%, and Q4: >86.3%). The proportion of participants with controlled BP in the lowest‐to‐highest WAA quartile was 75.2%, 76.1%, 76.6%, and 74.4%. The prevalence ratios (95% CI) for controlled BP comparing Q2, Q3, and Q4 to Q1 of WAA were 1.00 (0.93‐1.08), 1.02 (0.94‐1.10), and 0.99 (0.91‐1.07), respectively. Among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study taking antihypertensive medication, BP control rates did not differ across quartiles of WAA.
Importance of glycosylation in the interaction of Tamm‐Horsfall protein with collectin‐11 and acute kidney injury
Authors: Gong Kunjing , Xia Min , Wang Yaqin , Bai Lufeng , Ying Wantao , Zhu Fengxue , Chen Yuqing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBoth Tamm‐Horsfall protein (THP) and collectin‐11 (CL‐11) are important molecules in acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we measured the change of glycosylation of THP in patients with AKI after surgery, using MALDI‐TOF MS and lectin array analysis. The amount of high‐mannose and core fucosylation in patients with AKI were higher than those in healthy controls. In vitro study showed that THP could bind to CL‐11 with affinity at 9.41 × 10−7 mol/L and inhibited activation of complement lectin pathway. The binding affinity decreased after removal of glycans on THP. Removal of fucose completely ablated the binding between the two proteins. While removal of high‐mannose or part of the N‐glycan decreased the binding ability to 30% or 60%. The results indicated that increase of fucose on THP played an important role via complement lectin pathway in AKI.
Integrin‐associated molecules and signalling cross talking in osteoclast cytoskeleton regulation
Authors: Kong Lingbo , Wang Biao , Yang Xiaobin , He Baorong , Hao Dingjun , Yan Liang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the ageing skeleton, the balance of bone reconstruction could commonly be broken by the increasing of bone resorption and decreasing of bone formation. Consequently, the bone resorption gradually occupies a dominant status. During this imbalance process, osteoclast is unique cell linage act the bone resorptive biological activity, which is a highly differentiated ultimate cell derived from monocyte/macrophage. The erosive function of osteoclasts is that they have to adhere the bone matrix and migrate along it, in which adhesive cytoskeleton recombination of osteoclast is essential. In that, the podosome is a membrane binding microdomain organelle, based on dynamic actin, which forms a cytoskeleton superstructure connected with the plasma membrane. Otherwise, as the main adhesive protein, integrin regulates the formation of podosome and cytoskeleton, which collaborates with the various molecules including: c‐Cbl, p130Cas, c‐Src and Pyk2, through several signalling cascades cross talking, including: M‐CSF and RANKL. In our current study, we discuss the role of integrin and associated molecules in osteoclastogenesis cytoskeletal, especially podosomes, regulation and relevant signalling cascades cross talking.
Sexual maturity increases mobility and heterogeneity in individual space use in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr
Authors: Bouchard Colin , Lange Frédéric , Guéraud François , Rives Jacques , Tentelier Cédric 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe assessed the effects of sexual maturity on space use in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr as facultative early maturation enables us to work on individuals belonging to the same cohort. We monitored the space use of 40 1‐year‐old males in natura throughout a breeding season. First, mature individuals covered longer distances (absolute and upstream) and located within broader home ranges than immature parr. Second, sexual maturity also generated a higher interindividual variability in space use. Finally, mature individuals exhibited a higher probability of association with likely breeding sites on average. However, some mature individuals experienced a lower probability than immature individuals, suggesting that the space use of some mature individuals may not be optimal. Moreover, mature parr exploiting a broader home range or covering longer upstream distances had a higher probability of association with likely breeding sites. Covering longer upstream distances may therefore increase the reproductive success of mature parr, while involving higher energetic costs and a greater risk of predation.
Assessment of transmission risk in WSSV‐infected shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei upon cooking
Authors: Aranguren Caro Luis Fernando , Mai Hung N. , Nunan Linda , Lin Joshua , Noble Brenda , Dhar Arun K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhite spot syndrome virus has been a threat to the global shrimp industry since it was discovered in Taiwan in 1992. Thus, shrimp‐producing countries have launched regulations to prevent import of WSSV‐infected commodity shrimp from endemic areas. Recently, cooked shrimp that is infected with WSSV tested positive by PCR. However, there is no study to determine the infectivity of WSSV in cooked shrimp that tested positive by PCR. In the present study, WSSV‐infected shrimp were cooked at boiling temperature for different times including 0, 1, 3, 5, 10 and 30 min. Upon exposure to boiling temperature, WSSV‐infected shrimp were fed to SPF shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The result showed experimentally challenged shrimp from 0‐min treatment (positive control) indeed got infected with WSSV. However, experimentally challenged shrimp that were fed tissues boiled at 1, 3, 5, 10 and 30 min were not infected with WSSV. Mortality data showed that only the positive control (0‐min) treatment displayed high mortality, whereas no mortality was observed in any other treatment category. These findings suggest that cooking shrimp at boiling temperature for at least 1 min might prevent any potential spread of WSSV from endemic countries to other geographical areas where WSSV has not yet been reported.