bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower expression of LINC00092 in lung adenocarcinoma might mean poorer prognosis
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Xianwei , Huang Guichuan , Chen Yi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The mechanisms that underlie long non-coding RNA 00092 (LINC00092) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unclear. In this study, by mining the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases and using bioinformatics tools, we try to elucidate the function of LINC00092 in LUAD.
The the Cancer Genome Atlas and gene expression Omnibus microarray datasets were used to analyze and evaluate the expression of LINC00092 in LUAD and its clinical significance. Clinical samples were collected and the relative expression level of LINC00092 were identified by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. The LINC00092 related genes were identified by Multi Experiment Matrix, The Atlas of ncRNA in Cancer and the database of RNA-Binding Protein specificities. The predicted genes were then sent to the Gene Ontology enrichment and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis.
The expression of LINC00092 was significantly decreased in LUAD tissues compared to non-tumor tissues (standard mean difference =-1.10, 95% confidence interval: –1.87 to –0.32, P < .001, random). Low expression of LINC00092 was associated with the poor overall survival (hazard ratio = 1.32, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–1.62, P < .05, fixed) and high pathological stage (P < .05). The relative expression level of LINC00092 in clinical samples were significantly lower in LUAD tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. (P < 0.05) 61 LINC00092 related genes were identified; the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the most significant signaling pathways were: NF-κB, HIF-1 and ErbB signaling pathways.
In this study, we found that the decrease of LINC00092 expression was involved in LUAD tumorigenesis and metastasis, and the depletion of LINC00092 was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with LUAD. The mechanisms that underlie LINC00092 in LUAD might be related to the NF-κB, HIF-1 and ErbB signaling pathways.
A delayed diagnosis of late-onset pulmonary hemorrhage in a toddler with Henoch-Schönlein purpura after regression of skin rash
Authors: Duan Hongyu , Hua Yimin , Zhou Kaiyu , Li Yifei , Wang Chuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Pulmonary hemorrhage is a rare but fatal complication of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP), and more easily ignored in children than in adults due to the absence of clinically evident hemoptysis. Moreover, despite being sporadically reported, given that pulmonary hemorrhage may develop after regression and even disappearance of skin rash, the asynchronous progression of skin and lung lesions poses escalating challenges in the timely diagnosis. We herein presented a delayed diagnosis of late-onset pulmonary hemorrhage in a child with HSP after regression of purpuric rash.

Patient concerns:
A 6-year and 3-month child with a history of self-resolved purpuric rash three weeks ago, presented acutely with cough and dyspnea but without fever.

Diagnoses:
The decreased hemoglobin and diffuse ground-glass opacities of both lungs on CT scan weren’t comprehensively evaluated. The child was initially misdiagnosed as pneumonia.

Interventions:
Antibiotic treatment was initiated. However, no improvement of respiratory status was found following aggressive combination therapy. Bronchoscopy was subsequently performed.

Outcomes:
An diffuse alveolar hemorrhage with low inflammatory profile was noted after a bronchoscopy. Considering the history of HSP, the diagnosis of HSP-associated pulmonary hemorrhage was ultimately confirmed and the patient received corticosteroids with satisfactory results.

Lessons:
Pulmonary hemorrhage could occur in children with HSP at late onset of disease after regression of skin rash. New-onset respiratory symptoms in patients with a history of HSP should heighten suspicion for pulmonary hemorrhage, particularly if presenting with lack of fever, sudden drop of hemoglobin, new pulmonary infiltrates and unresponsiveness to antibiotics therapy. Bronchoscopy should be performed early to confirm the diagnosis, specifically for children.
Effectiveness of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection versus conventional endoscopic mucosal resection for 10 to 20 mm colorectal polyps
Authors: Liu Yi , Shi Min , Ren Jun , Zhou Xiao-li , Liu Song 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a standard method commonly for removing 10 to 20 mm colorectal polyps. While the incidence of residual or recurrent after conventional EMR is remarkably high. Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) as an alternative technique to conventional EMR for removing colorectal polyps has high adenoma detection and complete resection rates, improves patient comfort, decreases sedation needs, eliminates the risks associated with submucosal injection, and reduces snare and diathermy-induced mucosal injury. We will conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of these two therapies in the management of 10 to 20 mm colorectal polyps.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database will be searched from inception of databases to November 2020 without language limitation. Two reviewers will independently conduct article selection, data collection, and assessment of risk of bias. Any disagreement will be resolved by discussion with the third reviewer. Review Manager Software 5.3 will be used for meta-analysis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used to assess the risk of bias.

Results:
This study will provide a systematic synthesis of current published data to compare the effectiveness of UEMR and conventional EMR for 10 to 20 mm colorectal polyps.

Conclusions:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide clinical evidence as to whether UEMR is more effective and safer than conventional EMR for 10 to 20 mm colorectal polyps.

Study registration number:
INPLASY2020100006.
The suitable fixation for unstable intertrochanteric fractures
Authors: Bo Yu , Qin Yue , Zang Yuan , Yang Haibo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Normally taking the surgery is the standard treatment, between sliding hip screw (SHS) and utilizing proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) for intramedullary fixation, it is still not certain which one work better for this type of fracture. Our purpose for this study was to determine the optimum choice of implant for a patient with an unstable intertrochanteric fracture.

Methods:
In our hospital, a reflective analysis was conducted of all unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with either a SHS or PFNA fixation between February 2015 and February 2018. The rules of choosing patients were the following: older age of more than 60, unstable intertrochanteric fractures, and willingness to take clinical and radiographic follow-up researches for over 12 months. In this case, patients bearing former hip surgery at any side were removed from the candidates. Demographic characteristics collected effective information including gender, date of operation, and other relevant information. Postoperative outcome measures included operation time, total blood loss amount, validated mobility score, surgery-related syndrome, and tip-apex length. The patients were re-examined at three time periods: 3 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year. The result of P < .05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
We were able to directly compare the outcomes of PFNA vs SHS techniques and might reveal a better technique in treatment of an unstable intertrochanteric fracture.

Trial registration:
This study protocol has been registered in Research Registry (researchregistry6057).
Identification of crucial genes associated with lung adenocarcinoma by bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Dai Jing-Jing , Zhou Wu-Bi , Wang Bing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Lung cancer is the world's most common malignancies and ranks first among all cancer-related deaths. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most frequent histological type in lung cancer. Its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated, so it is of great significance to explore related genes for elucidating the molecular mechanism involved in occurrence and development of LUAD.
To explore the crucial genes associated with LUAD development and progression, microarray datasets GSE7670, GSE10072, and GSE31547 were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. R language Limma package was adopted to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The clusterProfiler package was used for enrichment analysis and annotation of the Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathways for DEGs. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database (STRING) was used to construct the protein interaction network for DEGs, while Cytoscape was adopted to visualize it. The functional module was screened with Cytoscape's MCODE (The Molecular Complex Detection) plugin. The crucial genes associated with LUAD were identified by cytoHubba plugin. Kaplan–Meier plotter online tool was used to perform survival analysis of the hub gene.
Three hundred twenty-one DEGs in total were screened, of which 105 were upregulated and 216 were downregulated. It was found that some GO terms and pathways (e.g., collagen trimer, extracellular structure organization, heparin binding, complement and coagulation cascades, malaria, protein digestion and absorption, and PPAR signaling pathway) were considerably enriched in DEGs. UBE2C, TOP2A, RRM2, CDC20, CCNB2, KIAA0101, BUB1B, TPX2, PRC1, and CDK1 were identified as crucial genes. Survival analysis showed that the overexpression of UBE2C, TOP2A, RRM2, CDC20, CCNB2, KIAA0101, BUB1B, TPX2, and PRC1 significantly reduced the overall survival of LUAD patients. One of the crucial genes: UBE2C was validated by immunohistochemistry to be upregulated in LUAD tissues.
This study screened out potential biomarkers of LUAD, providing a theoretical basis for elucidating the pathogenesis and evaluating the prognosis of LUAD.
Retrospective study of clinical and pathologic features of pulmonary papillary adenoma
Authors: Zhou Pengcheng , Yu Wei , Wang Li , Xia Qianming , Chen Keling 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pulmonary papillary adenoma is extremely rare. The limited number of published articles describing pulmonary papillary adenoma emphasize that it is always detected by physical examination, is difficult to diagnose, and has malignant potential. To further expand our understanding of this disease, we report on 15 cases of pulmonary papillary adenoma diagnosed from 2013 to 2019 in our hospital.
The clinical and pathological data of 15 cases of pulmonary papillary adenoma were collected from the medical record system of our hospital. All the clinical data were checked by 2 independent researchers. All pathology outcomes were independently reassessed by 2 pathologists. A review of the relevant literature was performed.
Of 15 patients identified, 6 were men and 9 were women, and the average age at disease onset was 61.3 years. Chest computed tomography (CT) indicated pneumonia, an isolated nodule, bronchiectasis, a mass, ground glass opacity, and local interstitial fibrosis under the pleura. Thirteen cases had benign histopathology upon microscopy and immunohistochemistry examination: a papillary morphology, grade 2 or 3 papillary branches, and a slender nipple axis composed of fibers and vessels. More than 80% of the papillary epithelial cells were columnar or cubic, and single-layered or pseudostratified, with a round nucleus at the bottom of the cell. The cytoplasm was rich in mucus and neutral mucopolysaccharides. Except the above-mentioned features, there was also local epithelial dysplasia, carcinogenesis, and interstitial infiltration in two cases. The 2 patients with a cancerous mass underwent surgical resection, whereas the other patients were kept under surveillance. While one patient with cancer is deceased, follow-up indicates that the remaining patients have experienced a good outcome.
Pulmonary papillary adenoma is very rare in clinical practice, and its clinical manifestations and CT images are not specific. Some cases may be cancerous and surgical resection should be the preferred treatment.
Successful Localization and Resection of Small Pancreatic Cystic Insulinoma Using Intraoperative Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Kou Hao-Wei , Yu Ming-Chin , Chong Sio-Wai , Hsu Heng-Yuan , Chou Hsu-Huan , Lee Chao-Wei , Chen Tse-Ching , Huang Song-Fong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pancreatic cystic insulinoma is an uncommon tumor. Perioperative localization remained challenging if the tumor is atypical with cystic feature or in small size. Near-infrared (NIR) imaging is a technique by injecting fluorescent dye intravenously, which accumulates to the target lesion and creating signal by laser sources. The signal helps surgeons to identify the lesion during operation, but little experience has been reported regarding the use of imaging NIR technique for localizing cystic insulinoma. We present a 29-year-old female patient with a symptomatic pancreatic cystic insulinoma (1.2 cm) as assessed by clinical symptom, laboratory evidence, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. With an aid of NIR imaging technique, this cystic tumor was localized easily at operation. Also, the fluorescence imaging visualized the tumor part, guided us to identify the safe margin, and preserved the normal pancreatic structure. Pathologic report confirmed that the tumor was a well-differentiated cystic insulinoma. This case demonstrates that pancreatic cystic insulinoma in small size can be intraoperatively localized by NIR imaging, a relatively safe and easy technique.
Effects of Fluid Resuscitation on the Occurrence of Organ Failure and Mortality in Patients With Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Liu Lili , Wang Chao , Luo Tiancheng , Li Lei 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesAcute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious gastroenterological condition requiring urgent fluid resuscitation and emergent intensive care. However, the benefit of fluid resuscitation is inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of fluid resuscitation on the occurrence of organ failure and mortality in patients with AP.MethodsThe data were retrospectively extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III 2002–2012 database. The fluid resuscitation and fluid balance were calculated at 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after intensive care unit admission. Multivariate analysis models were used.ResultsA total of 317 patients with AP were included. Odds of organ failure increased significantly with increased fluid input at 0 to 12 hours [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.124; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.015–1.244] and with increased fluid balance at 36 to 48 hours (aOR, 1.184; 95% CI, 1.009–1.389). Odds of in-hospital mortality increased significantly with increased fluid balance at 24 to 36 hours (aOR, 1.201; 95% CI, 1.052–1.371). Odds of 30-day mortality increased significantly with increased fluid balance at 24 to 36 hours (aOR, 1.189; 95% CI, 1.039–1.361).ConclusionsIncreased fluid balance was associated with increased risk of organ failure and mortality. Increased fluid output may decrease mortality.
Inhibition of CHRM3 Alleviates Necrosis Via the MAPK-p38/miR-31-5p/RIP3 Axis in l-Arginine–Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Luan Jing , Kou Jiayuan , Huang Ning , Tao Yuxi , Shi Shuoxi , Wu Xing , Sun Yumiao , Meng Dehao , Xu Jiaran , Zhou Xiaoxi , Murtaza Ghulam , Bobkov Artem , Qiao Yu , Gao Xu , Ma Ning 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
Pancreatic acinar necrosis is a typical feature in the early phase of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (CHRM3) has been reported to play important roles in promoting insulin secretion and tumor cell proliferation, but its effect on necrosis remains unknown. This study revealed the important role of CHRM3 in regulating l-arginine–induced SAP and the molecular mechanisms.

Methods
To verify the function of CHRM3, pancreatic tissues and primary acinar cells of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Chrm3 knockout mice were used in CHRM3 knockdown experiments, and to ascertain the CHRM3 overexpression, PLV-EGFP-Chrm3 plasmids were transfected in acinar cells in vitro.

Results
In l-arginine–induced SAP, CHRM3 is activated and regulates SAP through the mitogen-activated protein kinase/p38 pathway. Moreover, the expression of miR-31-5p decreased in the SAP model both in vitro and in vivo. Mir-31-5p effects the necrosis of acinar cells in SAP by upregulating the target gene RIP3, and miR-31-5p is a downstream miRNA of CHRM3.

Conclusions
Necrosis in l-arginine–induced SAP is promoted by CHRM3 through the mitogen-activated protein kinase–p38/miR-31-5p/RIP3 axis.
Is Ultrasound Elastography Useful in Predicting Clinically Relevant Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreatic Resection?
Authors: Marasco Giovanni , Ricci Claudio , Buttitta Francesco , Dajti Elton , Ravaioli Federico , Ingaldi Carlo , Alberici Laura , Serra Carla , Festi Davide , Colecchia Antonio , Casadei Riccardo 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
Ultrasound (US) elastography has been proposed for the non-invasive prediction of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) in patients undergoing pancreatic resection. We aimed to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic value of US elastography in predicting CR-POPF.

Methods
MEDLINE via PubMed, Ovid Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, and abstracts of international conference proceedings were searched up to April 20, 2020. Studies assessing the performance of abdominal US elastography in predicting CR-POPF in patients undergoing pancreatic resection were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies.

Results
Five studies, including 247 patients who underwent partial pancreatic resection of whom 72 patients experiencing CR-POPF, were selected. All studies performed US elastography in different pancreatic sites. The pooled mean strain value was lower in pancreatic segments of patients experiencing CR-POPF than in those without, with a pooled weighted mean difference of −0.187 (95% confidence intervals, −0.303 to −0.071; P = 0.002). There was low heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 7.6%), and all studies were at “high risk” or “unclear risk” of bias.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that US elastography values are statistically significantly lower in patients experiencing CR-POPF.
Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities in the Treatments and Outcomes of Pancreatic Cancer Among Different Treatment Facility Types
Authors: Zhu Fan , Wang Haoyu , Ashamalla Hani 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate racial and socioeconomic disparities for patients with pancreatic cancer across different facility types.

Methods
The National Cancer Database was queried for pancreatic cancer cases from 2004 to 2015. Along with propensity score matching analysis, multivariate logistic and Cox model were used to assess effects of facility type, race, elements of socioeconomics on receipt of treatment, time to treatment, and overall survival, separately.

Results
Among 223,465 patients, 44.6%, 42.1%, and 13.3% were treated at academic, community, and integrated facilities, respectively. Private insurance was associated with more treatment (odds ratio, 1.41; P < 0.001) and better survival [hazards ratio (HR), 0.84; P < 0.001]. Higher education was associated with earlier treatment (HR, 1.09; P < 0.001). African Americans had less treatment (odds ratio, 0.97; P = 0.04) and delayed treatment (HR, 0.89; P < 0.001) despite later stage at diagnosis. After adjusting for socioeconomic status, African Americans had similar survival (HR, 0.99; P = 0.11) overall and improved survival (HR, 0.95; P = 0.016) at integrated facilities.

Conclusions
Higher socioeconomic status was associated with better treatment and survival. After adjusting for socioeconomic disparities, race did not affect survival. Less racial disparity was observed at integrated facilities.
Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin Protects Acinar Cells From Cerulein-Induced Damage During Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Bhatia Rakesh , Muniyan Sakthivel , Thompson Christopher M. , Kaur Sukhwinder , Jain Maneesh , Singh Rakesh K. , Dhaliwal Amaninder , Cox Jesse L. , Akira Shizuo , Singh Shailender , Batra Surinder K. , Kumar Sushil 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
Elevated neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a promising marker for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and multiple organ failure, suggesting systemic and local contributions during pancreatitis. We investigated the role of NGAL locally on acinar cell biology.

Methods
Western blot, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed to analyze the levels of NGAL receptors, apoptotic and regeneration markers, and 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) levels, 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and annexin V/propidium iodide staining were used to evaluate cell viability, and effect on endothelial cells was accessed by endothelial permeability assay.

Results
Cerulein treatment at 20 μM for 12 hours significantly reduced acinar cell viability by 40%, which was rescued by NGAL at 800 and 1600 ng/mL concentrations, observed during mild and SAP, respectively. Mechanistically, NGAL significantly reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species and 4HNE adduct formation in a 24p3R-dependent manner and upregulated the expression of acinar cell regeneration markers, like CDK-2, CDK-4, and C-myc. However, SAP levels of NGAL significantly increased endothelial permeability and downregulated the levels of ZO-1, and cerulein treatment in NGAL knockout mice showed increased levels of 4HNE adducts.

Conclusions
Neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin rescues intracellular reactive oxygen species during pancreatitis and promotes survival and regeneration of acinar cells.
Analysis of the Relationship Between Cognitive Decline and Physical Function in Older Adults Who Participated in Health Measurement Events Using Classification and Regression Tree (CART)
Authors: Itotani Keisuke , Ueda Yuya , Murata Shunsuke , Saito Takashi , Ono Rei 
Published: October 2020

Objective:
To investigate various factors related to cognitive decline and analyze combination of factors and priority.

Methods and Results:
We measured the demographic data, physical, cognitive, and executive functions of 219 older adults who were divided into 2 groups (a no cognitive decline group and a cognitive decline group). We performed classification and regression tree (CART) analysis using the cognitive decline as dependent variables.

Conclusions:
By CART, it was revealed that the combination of walking speed less than 1.01 m/s and Trail Making Test part A 107.47 seconds or more is a combination of strongest factors for cognitive decline. The classification accuracy was 92.2% by CART.