bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MATEMATIKA BERDASARKAN LANGKAH PENYELESAIAN POLYA
Authors: Rofi'ah Nur , Ansori Hidayah , Mawaddah Siti 
Published: December 2019

Soal cerita matematika seringkali dianggap sulit oleh para siswa, sehingga seringkali terdapat banyak kesalahan yang dibuat oleh siswa dalam menjawab soal cerita matematika. Tujuan dari penetian ini adalah menganalisis jenis kesalahan yang dibuat oleh siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika berdasarkan langkah penyelesaian Polya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Banjarmasin Tengah merupakan Populasi dari penelitian ini. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling sehingga diambil sampel dari lima sekolah dengan jumlah 422 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data memakai tes soal uraian serta dianalisis berdasarkan langkah penyelesaian Polya. Data dianalisis menggu­nakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Banjarmasin Tengah dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita materi Aritmatika Sosial berdasarkan langkah penyelesaian Polya yaitu kesalahan memahami masalah termasuk ke dalam kesalahan dengan kategori kecil. Sedangkan, kesalahan menyu­sun rencana, kesalahan menyelesaikan perencanaan, dan kesalahan memeriksa kembali termasuk ke dalam kesalahan dengan kategori cukup tinggi.Kata kunci: analisis kesalahan, soal cerita matematika,langkah penyelesaian Polya.Abstract: Mathematical word problems are often considered difficult by students, so there are many mistakes made by students in answering mathematical word problems. The research aim is to analyze the types of errors made by students in solving mathematical word problems based on Polya's completion steps. This research uses descriptive research method with quantitative approach. VII grade students of SMP Negeri in Central Banjarmasin District are the population of this study. Simple random sampling technique was used in the research so that five schools with a total 422 students had been choosen. Data collection techniques used test (essay questions) and it was analyzed based on Polya's completion steps. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that there were four types of errors made by VII grade students of SMP Negeri in Central Banjarmasin District in solving mathematical word problems about Social Arithmetic based on Polya's completion steps, namely error in understanding problems included in errors with small categories. Meanwhile, error in planning, error in completing plans, and error in re-checking are included in the errors with a fairly high category. Keywords: error analysis, mathematical word problems, Polya's completion steps
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis STEM Terhadap Kemampuan Motorik Siswa
Authors: Muyassarah Afipah , Ratu Tursina , Erfan Muhammad 
Published: December 2019

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract: </strong>STEM (Science, Technology, Education, and Mathematics) is learning that not only involves scientific and mathematical concepts (cognitive aspects) but also technically about how a concept is obtained (motoric). The aspect of motor ability is one of the aspects obtained by students in the learning process apart from the cognitive and affective aspects, but generally most studies put forward cognitive aspects (learning outcomes) so that motor skills are rarely exposed. Therefore this study aims to find out how much influence the STEM-based Physics Learning has on students' motor skills. This research is a quasi-experimental study with the design of One Groups Pretest-Posttest. Data was collected by student worksheet and Student Motor Skill Assessment Instrument Sheets and analysed by paired sample t-test. The results showed that the results of paired sample t test (t value = -64,761 far below t table) and the obtained N-Gain value was 0.55 (moderate gain) so it can be concluded that STEM-based physics learning is significantly capable of increasing students' motor ability.</p><p class="AbstrakIndonesia"><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Pembelajaran STEM <em>(Science, Technology, Education, and Mathematics) </em>merupakan pembelajaran yang tidak hanya melibatkan kosep-konsep sains dan matematika saja (aspek kognitif) tetapi juga secara teknis mengenai bagaimana suatu konsep itu diperoleh (motorik). Aspek kemampuan motorik merupakan salah satu aspek yang diperoleh siswa dalam proses pembelajaran selain daripada aspek kognitif dan afektif, namun umumnya kebanyakan penelitian lebih mengedepankan aspek kognitif (hasil belajar) sehingga kemampuan motorik jarang terekspose. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertuuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh Pembelajaran Fisika berbasis STEM terhadap kemampuan motorik siswa. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain <em>One Groups Pretest-Posttest</em>. Data dikumpulkan dengan LKPD dan Lembar Instrumen Penilaian Kemampuan Motorik Siswa serta dianalisis dengan uji-t sampel berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji <em>paired sample</em> <em>t test</em> (nilai t = -64,761 jauh dibawah t tabel (-1.69092), dan nilai N-Gain yang diperoleh sebesar 0,55 (gain sedang) sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pembelajaran fisika berbasis STEM secara signifikan mampu meningkatnya capaian kemampuan motorik siswa.</p>
Perhitungan Perubahan Reaktivitas Pada Reaktor Serba Guna G.A. Siwabessy Akibat Pengoperasian Power Ramp Test Facility
Authors: Suparmi A , Setyaningsih Tuti Dwi , Suharyana Suharyana , Anwar Fuad , Riyatun Riyatun 
Published: December 2019

<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Power Ramp Test Facility (PRTF) is one of the irradiation facility contained in the Multipurpose Reactor GA Siwabessy. This facility is used to test the reactor fuel element pin-type Pressurized Water Reactor. As a result of the entry of foreign bodies cause changes reactor conditions, one of which is expressed with the amount of reactivity to assess the safety of the reactor due to the operation PRTF. PRTF operation simulation and calculation is done using software neutronics MCNP6. Test UO2 fuel enriched assumed at 5% with constant power reactor operating at 15 MW and test fuel pin placed on PRTF within 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140 mm from the centre of the reactor core. Change of reactivity values required in order to secure the reactor, maximal value is 0,5%<em></em>. The calculation were obtained at each position is (<em></em><em></em>; <em></em>; <em></em>; <em></em>;<em></em>; <em></em>; <em></em>; <em></em>). Change of reactivity values smaller than the safe limit. Therefore, the study of reactivity changes PRTF operation to test fuel pin is secure.</p><p><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Power Ramp Test Facility (PRTF) merupakan salah satu fasilitas iradiasi yang terdapat pada Reaktor Serba Guna G.A. Siwabessy. Fasilitas ini digunakan untuk menguji pin elemen bahan bakar reaktor tipe Pressurized Water Reactor. Akibat dari masuknya benda asing menyebabkan perubahan kondisi reaktor, salah satunya dinyatakan dengan besaran reaktivitas untuk mengkaji keselamatan reaktor akibat pengoperasian PRTF. Simulasi pengoperasian PRTF dan perhitungan netronik dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak MCNP6. Bahan bakar uji UO2 diasumsikan diperkaya sebesar 5% dengan daya operasi reaktor konstan sebesar 15 MW. Pin bahan bakar uji diletakkan pada PRTF berjarak 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, dan 140 mm dari arah pusat teras reaktor. Nilai perubahan reaktivitas yang dipersyaratkan agar reaktor aman adalah , sedangkan nilai perubahan reaktivitas dari penelitian pada masing-masing posisi dari pusat reactor adalah (; ; ; ;; ; ; ) . Nilai perubahan reaktivitas akibat masuknya pin bahan bakar di PRTF mempunyai nilai perubahan reaktivitas 1/10 kali lebih kecil daripada batas aman. Oleh karena itu, ditinjau dari kajian nilai perubahan reaktivitas maka pengoperasian PRTF untuk uji pin bahan bakar adalah aman.</p>
Pengaruh Diameter Leher Resonator Helmholtz Pada Alat Pemanen Energi Akustik (Acoustic Energy Harvester) Terhadap Daya Listrik Yang Dihasilkan
Authors: Abdillah Yuanita Fara , Setiawan Ikhsan , Utomo Agung Bambang S 
Published: December 2019

<p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstract: </strong>Acoustic energy (sound) that is wasted in environment has potential to be alternative energy to produce electrical energy. This paper presents an experimental study of the effect of Helmholtz resonator neck diameter on the output electric power of an acoustic energy harvester. The cavity of the resonators is a cube-shaped with size of 30 cm ´ 30 cm ´ 30 cm made of acrylic. The resonator neck is cylindrical and has 8 cm length with four diameter variations of 5,2 cm, 6,9 cm, 8,2 cm, and 10,4 cm. A 6-inches subwoofer loudspeaker is used as acoustic transducers that converts sound into electric current. The experiment is performed by giving sound with SPL of 90 dB in the frequency range of (20-150) Hz. The output rms voltages from the loudspeaker are measured at a 5.0 ohm load resistor. It is found that there are always two peaks in the frequency spectrum that provide maximum electric power, namely at 27 Hz and 55 Hz. These peak frequencies do not depend on the neck diameter. On the other hand, the larger the neck diameter, the higher the generated electrical power. The highest rms electric power produced are 3.03 mW and 2.25 mW at the first and second peaks, respectively.</p><p class="AbstractEnglish"><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Energi akustik (bunyi) yang terbuang di lingkungan memiliki potensi menjadi salah satu energi alternatif untuk menghasilkan energi listrik. Makalah ini memaparkan tentang studi eksperimental pengaruh diameter leher resonator Helmholtz pada alat pemanen energi akustik terhadap daya listrik yang dihasilkan. Rongga resonator Helmholtz berbentuk kubus berukuran 30 cm ´ 30 cm ´ 30 cm terbuat dari akrilik. Leher resonator berbentuk silinder sepanjang 8 cm dengan empat variasi diameter yaitu 5,2 cm, 6,9 cm, 8,2 cm, dan 10,4 cm. Loudspeaker jenis subwoofer dengan diameter nominal 6 inci dipasang disisi belakang rongga resonator digunakan sebagai transduser akustik yang mengubah bunyi menjadi arus listrik. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan memberikan gelombang bunyi dengan SPL (sound pressure level) 90 dB dalam rentang frekuensi (20 - 150) Hz dan mengukur tegangan listrik rms keluaran dari loudspeaker pada resistor beban 5,0 ohm. Diperoleh bahwa selalu terdapat dua puncak spektrum frekuensi dengan daya listrik maksimum, yaitu pada 27 Hz dan 55 Hz. Frekuensi-frekuensi puncak ini tidak bergantung pada diameter leher resonator. Di sisi lain, ditemukan bahwa diameter leher yang semakin besar menghasilkan daya listrik yang semakin besar. Daya listrik rms terbesar yang dihasilkan (pada diameter 10,4 cm) adalah 3,03 mW dan 2,25 mW masing-masing pada puncak pertama dan puncak kedua.</p>
Survei Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa pada Materi Usaha dan Energi
Authors: Kassiavera Sujiyani , Suparmi A. , Cari Cari , Sukarmin Sukarmin 
Published: December 2019

<p><em><span><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study aims to determine the critical thinking skills possessed by students. The Subject of this research were 131 students of physics education program from Bengkulu University and Indraprasta University. Subjects consist of 4<sup>th</sup> semester (56 students) and 6<sup>th</sup> semester (75 students) who have received the Basic Physics course previously. Instrument of this research using test concept. Based on the results of a survey conducted that students' critical thinking skills are still very low on business work- energy. This survey research will be the main basis for researchers to conduct further research with the same research location.</span></em></p><p><em><span><br /></span></em></p><p><em></em><strong>Abstrak: </strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterampilan berpikir kritis yang dimiliki mahasiswa. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 131 mahasiswa yang terdiri dari semester 4 (56 siswa) dan semester 6 (75 siswa) yang telah menerima materi Fisika Dasar sebelumnya. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes. Berdasarkan hasil survei yang dilakukan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa masih sangat rendah pada materi usaha dan energi. Penelitian survei ini akan menjadi dasar utama bagi peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan lokasi penelitian yang sama.</p>
Energy Consumption and Economic Growth Nexus in Bangladesh
Authors: Sarker Swati Anindita , Wang Shouyang , Adnan K M Mehedi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The empirical investigation that examines the dynamics including the interaction between consumption of energy and economic progress has long been assessed. However, the interaction of these two in developing countries in general and Bangladesh, in particular, is a less explored subject. Hence, with this notion, this study examined the causal relationship among economic growth and energy consumption in Bangladesh. For this purpose, the study used energy consumption, gross domestic product (GDP), labor force, and capital data from 1981 to 2017 from different sources and data is analyzed by augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Johansen co-integration test and Granger test of causality. Results determine that energy consumption and economic growth have long term bi-directional relationship. The econometric model is estimated using generalized least squares (GLS) model. It is concluded that, consumption of energy and economic growth positively correlated and economic development highly depend on energy consumption in Bangladesh.
Bioinformatics analysis of Transcriptome genes in osteoarthritis rats treated with pilose antler
Authors: Lin Zhi-Dong , Zhong Li-Lun , Lu He , Lu Yao-Ming , Niu Wei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Pilose antler (PA) is a common Chinese medicine used to treat patients with osteoarthritis (OA) while its treating mechanism is still unknown. The purpose of our study is to clarify this mechanism by studying the effect of pilose antler on transcriptome genes expression in rats with knee osteoarthritis.MethodsTen Sprague Dawley (SD) rats are randomly divided into two groups, the pilose antler group (PA group) and the osteoarthritis group (OA group). The classic Hulth method was performed on the right knee of all the rats to establish the osteoarthritis model. Six weeks after the surgery, the PA group was given pilose antler and the OA group was given saline. This intervention lasted 6 weeks. Two hours after the last administration, cartilage tissues of all the rats were taken from their right knees. The samples were collected and sent to BGI, the genomic organization, to carry on the RNA-Seq measurement. The comparison of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), enrichment analysis, genes classification, and miRNA-mRNA linked network were studied within Dr.Tom system.ResultsSeveral DEGs(3226 in comparison between OA and PA group) were identified (|log2FC|≥1,Q value < 0.001). Compared with the OA group, 711 up-regulated genes and 2615 down-regulated genes were found in the PA group. According to the enrichment analysis, the up-regulated genes mainly enriched in muscle contraction and the down-regulated-genes are involved in inflammatory response. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was performed and the key genes were identified.ConclusionsOur studies have found that PA may alleviate the progression of OA through strengthening the muscle and positively regulate the inflammatory response. We also found some key genes, like Tnni2, Mylpf, Myl1, Actn3, Ifitm6, and Retnlg . These genes may be the potential target of pilose antler in the treatment of OA.
M1 macrophage activation in severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria patients with pulmonary oedema
Authors: Klinkhamhom Aekkarin , Glaharn Supattra , Sris Charit , Ampawong Sumate , Krudsood Srivicha , Ward Stephen A. , Viriyavejakul Parnpen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundPulmonary oedema (PE) is a serious complication of severe P. falciparum malaria which can lead to acute lung injury in severe cases. Lung macrophages are activated during malaria infection due to a complex host-immune response. The molecular basis for macrophage polarisation is still unclear but understanding the predominant subtypes could lead to new therapeutic strategies where the diseases present with lung involvement. The present study was designed to study the polarisation of lung macrophages, as M1 or M2 macrophages, in the lungs of severe P. falciparum malaria patients with and without evidence of PE.Methods Lung tissue samples, taken from patients who died from severe P. falciparum malaria, were categorised into severe malaria with PE and without PE (non-PE). Expression of surface markers (CD68- all macrophages, CD40- M1 macrophage and CD163- M2 macrophage) on activated lung macrophages was used to quantify M1/M2 macrophage subtypes.Results Lung injury was demonstrated in malaria patients with PE. The expression of CD40 (M1 macrophage) was prominent in the group of severe P. falciparum malaria patients with PE ( p < 0.05), whereas there was no difference observed for CD163 (M2 macrophage) between PE and non-PE groups.Conclusions The study demonstrates M1 polarisation in lung tissues from severe P. falciparum malaria infections with PE. Understanding the nature of macrophage characterisation in malaria infection may provide new insights into therapeutic approaches that could be deployed to reduce lung damage in severe P. falciparum malaria.
Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Peak Demand Days of Cardiovascular Admissions Considering Environmental Exposure
Authors: Qiu Hang , Luo Lin , Su Ziqi , Zhou Li , Wang Liya , Chen Yucheng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has linked environmental exposures, such as ambient air pollution and meteorological factors to the development and severity of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), resulting in increased healthcare demand. Effective prediction of situations of demand for healthcare services particularly those associated with peak events of CVDs can be useful in optimizing the allocation of medical resources. However, few studies have attempted to adopt machine learning approaches with excellent predictive abilities to forecast the healthcare demand for CVDs. This study aims to develop machine learning models to predict the peak demand days of CVDs admissions using the hospital admissions data, air quality data and meteorological data in Chengdu, China from 2015 to 2017.Methods Six machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) and artificial neural network (ANN), were applied to build the predictive models. The area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), logarithmic loss function, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score were used to evaluate the predictive performances among the six models.Results The LightGBM model exhibited the highest AUC (0.940, 95% CI: 0.900-0.980), which was significantly higher than that of LR (0.842, 95% CI: 0.783-0.901), SVM (0.834, 95% CI: 0.774-0.894) and ANN (0.890, 95% CI: 0.836-0.944), but did not differ significantly from that of RF (0.926, 95% CI: 0.879-0.974) and XGBoost (0.930, 95% CI: 0.878-0.982). In addition, the LightGBM has the optimal logarithmic loss function (0.218), accuracy (91.3%), specificity (94.1%) and F1 score (0.725). Feature importance identification based on LightGBM indicated that the contribution rate of meteorological conditions and air pollutants for the prediction was 32% and 43%, respectively.Conclusion This study suggests that ensemble learning models especially the LightGBM model can be used to effectively predict the peak events of CVDs, which provide decision making for medical resource management.
The Role of Text messaging Intervention in Inner Mongolia among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Xuemei , Liu Dan , Du Maolin , Hao Ruiqi , Zheng Huiqiu , Yan Chaoli 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Short messages service (SMS) provides a practical medium for delivering content to address patients to adherence to self-management. The aim of study was to design some patient-centered health education messages, evaluate the feasibility of messages, and explore the effect of this model. Methods The messages were designed by a panel of experts, and SMS Quality Evaluation Questionnaire was used to evaluate their quality. Two-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of this management model. Participants were randomly divided into an intervention group (IG) who received evaluated messages and a control group (CG) who received regular education. The primary outcomes were changes in plasma glucose and control rates, and secondary outcomes were improvements in diet control, physical activities, weight control, etc. Results A total of 42 messages covering five main domains: health awareness, diet control, physical activities, living habits and weight control were designed, and the average scores of the messages were 8.0 (SD 0.7), 8.5 (SD 0.6), 7.9 (SD 1.0), 8.0 (SD 0.7), and 8.4 (SD 0.9), respectively. In SMS intervention, 171 patients with a mean age of 55.1 years to participate, including 86 in the CG and 85 in the IG. At 12 months, compared with the control group (CG), the decrease of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (1.5 vs. 0.4, P = 0.011) and control rate (49.4% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.034), the postprandial glucose (PPG) (5.8 vs. 4.2, P = 0.009) and control rate (57.8% vs. 33.7%, P = 0.002) were better in the intervention group (IG). In terms of self-management, improvements in weight control (49.3% vs. 28.2%, P =0.031), vegetables consumption (87.3% vs. 29.0%, P <0.001), fruits consumption (27.5% vs. 7.4%, P =0.022), and physical activities (84.7% vs. 70.0%, P =0.036) were better in the IG than in the CG. Conclusions The overall quality of the messages was high. It was effective and feasible to carry out an SMS intervention to improve the behavioral habits of patients with chronic diseases in remote and undeveloped areas.