bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic role of lipids, apolipoproteins in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ni Xiaochun , Yi Yong , Fu Yipeng , Cai Xiaoyan , Liu Gao , Huang Jinlong , Gan Wei , Xu Jie , Qiu Shuangjian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: To further clarify the association between abnormal levels of serum lipid components as the main features of dyslipidaemia and hepatocellular cancinima, which remains unclear.Methods: We examined the serum level of lipids and apolipoproteins pattern in 471 patients undergoing curative resection for HCC, 193 patients with chronic liver disease, and 104 patients with benign liver diseases. We performed uni- and multivariate analyses to evaluate the predictive roles of lipids and apolipoproteins for recurrence and survival of HCC in a training cohort of 242 patients and then validated in a cohort of 229 patients.Results: The majority circuling lipid and apolipoprotein levels such as ApoA1, HDL, LDL in chronic liver disease and HCC were slight to significantly decreased as compared with those in benign lesion. But no significant differential expression patterns of lipids and apolipoproteins were observed between chronic liver hepatitis and HCC. Multivariable analysis identiﬁed ApoA1 as a key parameter related to recurrence and survival in both training and validation cohorts. Moreover, we further demonstrated that low ApoA1 was an independent prognostic factor of poor early recurrence in two cohorts.Conclusions: Although the alterations of circulating lipids and apolipoproteins were observed in HCC, none of lipids and apolipoproteins could serve as a diagnostic marker. Serum ApoA1 merits consideration as a novel prognostic marker for patients with HCC undergoing surgery, since it predicts early recurrence and survival, especially for early stage patients and may improve the prognostic stratiﬁcation of patients for clinical management and promote HCC clinic outcomes.
Cross sensitivity of Ionic concentration on Admittance type measurement
Authors: Roy Joyanta Kumar , Majumder Bansari Deb 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An attempt has been made to study theoretically electrical admittance type level measurement and its cross sensitivity with ionic concentration of liquid. The analysis has been made for single and double electrodes and found there is significant cross sensitivity which varies with the ionic concentration of the liquid. This study will help further to design and develop continuous level measurement transmitter in Boiler drum.
Fabrication and Characterization of High Performance Micro Impedance Inclinometer
Authors: Lee Chia-Yen , Fu Lung-Ming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In the study, a novel micro impedance inclinometer is presented, consisting of a glass substrate, Cr electrodes and a mercury pendulum. The output signal of the proposed inclinometer is read from the moving metal pendulum based on an LED array measurement scheme. A mercury pendulum mass is used for the inclinometer. The adhesion between the liquid metal and the substrate surface is reduced by etching or sandblasting the substrate surface. Experimental results show the developed inclinometer has a high angle resolution (0.3°), a rapid time response (385 ms) and a high repeatability (R2 = 0.9988) with the A280# sandblasted substrate surface and the mercury pendulum of 360 μl. The developed inclinometer provide a simply yet high-performance solution for the inclination measurement.
Magnetic and Transport properties of Co-Cu Microwires
Authors: Zhukova V. , Val J. J. del , Ipatov M. , Ilyn M. , Granovsky A. , Zhukov A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report on the magnetic, transport and structural properties of Cox-Cu100-x (5≤x≤40) glass-coated microwires. For x=5 we observed the resistivity minimum at 40 K associated with the Kondo effect. For x ? 10 we observed considerable magnetoresistance effect. Temperature dependence of susceptibility show considerable difference for x>10 and x≤ 10 attributed to the presence of small Co grains embedded in the Cu matrix for x? 10. Using X-ray diffraction we found, that the structure of Cox-Cu100-x microwires x ? 10 is granular consisting of two phases: fcc Cu appearing in all the samples and fcc α-Co presented only in microwires with higher Co content.
Nanoparticle based Amperometric Biosensor for the Quantitative Determination of Cholesterol in Human Blood
Authors: Jarallah Nasser Al , Baradie Raid Al , Aljamal Mohmmed , Bose Anandh , Anazi Hamed Al , Alatram Abdulrahman , Aboody Mohammed Al , Algohary Ayman 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Total cholesterol monitoring in human blood serum is one of the most important routine analysis performed in clinical laboratory. Epidemiological studies have shown a strong correlation between coronary heart disease and blood cholesterol level. There is need for a method that is sufficiently flexible to yield good results in clinical laboratory. Numbers of cholesterol biosensors have been developed over the past 30 years. Fibre-optic fluorescence, Fibre-optic luminescence, Potentiometric, Spectrophotometric and Fluorometric biosensors, which determine cholesterol enzymatically. Some of these methods suffer from interference from other substances found in the blood such as ascorbic acid and uric acid. Therefore amperometric biosensor was designed based on titanium oxide nano particle with Advanced RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) Machine processor to determine the cholesterol level in human blood.
Image Quality Testing: Selection of Images for Assessing Test Subject Input
Authors: Jendzurski John , Paulter Nicholas G. , Jacosb Eddie , Amon Francine , Bovik Al , Goodall Todd 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Determining image quality is dependent to some degree on human interpretation. Although entirely subjective methods of evaluating image quality may be adequate for consumer applications, they are not acceptable for security and safety applications where operator interpretation may lead to missing a threat or finding threats where they do not exist. Therefore, methods must be developed to ensure that the imagery used in security and safety applications are of sufficient quality to allow the operator to perform his job accurately and efficiently. NIST has developed a method to quantify the capability of imagers to provide images of sufficient quality to allow humans to perform specific perception-based tasks. A one-time humanperception based step is required that results in perception coefficients that are combined with lab-measured objective image quality indicators (IQIs) to calculate image quality. This work uses a d′ evaluation method to examine the performance of test subjects in the human-perception based step, which was identification of a fire hazard in a set of grey-scale infrared images.
Performance Study of Virtual Fence Unit Using Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Chan H.T , Rahman T.A , Arsad A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the experiments and performance analysis of virtual fence unit consists of microwave motion detector and IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor network (WSN) for maximum sensing range. In particular, the analysis is focusing on the maximum sensing range in terms of azimuth angle, height, sensitivity level for indoor and outdoor implementation. The WSN platform is developed using Octopus II sensor nodes while the microwave motion detector is HB100 which detects the movement using Doppler effect. Results show the maximum sensing range of virtual fence unit is decreasing as azimuth angle increasing. With high sensitivity level of virtual fence unit, the maximum sensing range of virtual fence unit is larger than the maximum sensing range of virtual fence unit at normal sensitivity level. Results also show the virtual fence unit has higher maximum sensing range in indoor environment than outdoor environment.
Fabrication of gold nanopillars on gold interdigitated impedance electrodes for biological applications
Authors: Messina Walter , Fitzgerald Michelle , Crowley Una , Moore Eric 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Gold nanopillars have been successfully fabricated on top of interdigitated gold electrodes deposited on a Pyrex substrate and these were used for cytotoxicity monitoring on immortalized cells through the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. These nanopillars were fabricated via contact metal deposition. E-beam lithography was used to define the pattern of nanopillars with dimensions of 150nm diameter and 500nm of distance between their edges in a honeycomb-like structure. These dimensions together with a, relatively, low aspect ratio ( ~50niτi tall) have been chosen in the hope that cell adhesion will be promoted. Cell adhesion to these novel nanopillars is important as their ultimate use will be for cytotoxicity testing of cell cultures. This novel tool could potentially increase the sensitivity of this kind of analysis compared to its plain counterpart.
A Capacitance-to-Digital Converter with Sinusoidal Excitation Suitable for Series RC Sensors
Authors: Vooka Prashanth , George Boby 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A new Capacitance-to-Digital Converter (CDC) applicable for series RC sensors that requires/prefers sinusoidal excitation is proposed in this paper. The CDC presented works based on a dual-slope technique and it gives a digital output as a function of unknown capacitance of a series RC sensor, i.e., a capacitive sensor with a capacitor and a resistor in series in its electrical equivalent circuit. Output of the CDC is not sensitive to the series resistor. The CDC is useful for grounded as well as floating capacitive sensors, which needs to be excited with a sine wave for best performance. Applications of such capacitive sensors include ice detection, sterility testing of packed food products, etc. A sinusoidal Howland current source can be used to excite a grounded capacitive sensor while a simple current source with a special stabilization scheme that suppresses the effect due to static errors of opamp has been developed for floating capacitive sensor and presented in this paper. A prototype of the proposed CDC for a floating capacitive sensor has been built and tested in the laboratory. Measurement results for the sensor capacitance showed a worst case error of 0.13% for a range of 100 pF, proving the efficacy of the proposed scheme.
MEMS-based miniature near-infrared spectrometer for application in environmental and food monitoring
Authors: Hintschich S.I. , Pügner T. , Knobbe J. , Schröder J. , Reinig P. , Grüger H. , Schenk H. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We present a hybrid MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) based spectrometer of the size of a sugar cube, fabricated at the clean room facilities of Fraunhofer IPMS, Dresden. This SGS (scanning grating spectrometer) is designed for integrated spectroscopic applications in the field of food quality analysis and food processing technology. Using another, larger, MEMS-based scanning grating spectrometer, we perform a series of test measurements of the absorption of different types of oil. Thereby, we demonstrate the suitability of this larger MEMS-based SGS for food quality analysis and establish a set of reference measurements. The optical parameters of the sugar cube-sized SGS are then evaluated against the requirements established in the above reference measurements. The spectral resolution of this device is still not sufficient for application in the near infrared, owing to the inaccuracy of one particular production step. Once these changes are in place, we are confident to achieve resolutions below 20 nm. In conclusion, we propose the miniaturised SGS as a mobile spectrometer for in- situ analysis integrated with a data processing system.
A Microcontroller Sensor Interface Suitable for Resistive Sensors with Large Lead Resistance
Authors: Ponnalagu R. N. , Boby George , Jagadeesh Kumar V. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A direct resistive sensor interface to a micro- controller reported earlier, works well only if the sensor element is very close to the micro-controller pins. If the sensor element is at a distance from the micro-controller then the lead resistance due to connecting wires between resistive sensor element and the modified scheme of direct sensor interface to micro-controller is presented here. In the proposed scheme, the effect of lead resistances is compensated and thus the proposed direct resistive sensor interface to a micro-controller works well even if the sensor is kept at distance and connected through long connecting wires. Since the lead wire resistance is compensated, automatic temperature compensation (temperature effect of lead wires) is obtained. The results obtained from simulation and experimental results recorded from a prototype of the proposed scheme establishes the effectiveness of the proposed method in eliminating the effect of lead resistance in the output. Worst-case error noted in the simulation output was < ± 0.23 % and the worst-case error of the prototype unit was found to be < ± 0.33 %.
A Capacitive Sensing System for Non-Contact: Detection of Ice
Authors: Cyril Baby K. , Boby George 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a capacitive sensing system for non-contact detection of ice from a distance of 8 to 10 cm and distinguishes it from water. It is well known that the Relative Permittivity (RP) of ice and water are almost equal at low frequencies, in the range of a few kHz. At a high frequency of excitation , i. e., about 100 kHz and above, the RP of water remains same, but that of ice substantially reduces. A capacitive sensor, wherein, the ice or water layer forms part of the sensing volume can be used to detect presence of ice. It can be distinguished from water by measuring and then comparing the capacitance values at low as well as high frequencies. Such a sensor for road ice detection has been reported, but it requires the sensing electrodes to be in close contact with the ice layer. Recently, a capacitive non-contact ice detector has been reported. The sensing range of this system was limited to 3 cm, even after employing active shielding to reduce the effect of offset capacitance. As the distance between ice layer and sensor increases, the ratio of change in sensor capacitance to offset capacitance becomes very small. This paper reports application of a capacitance measurement circuit that can provide an output as a function of presence of ice. The proposed scheme does not require active shield even when the sensor has large offset capacitance. A prototype of the new scheme has been developed and tested in the laboratory. It detected presence of ice layer of thickness 2 mm from a distance of 10 cm and distinguished it from water.
A Wireless Wearable Human Jump Analysis System
Authors: Wang Penghai , Quan Haiyang , Lan Lidong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In most sports, the vertical jump is one of the most basic actions. Jumping force and explosive power are two specific indicators to reflect the ability of the muscles in one vertical jump. This paper presents a light-weight and easy-to-use wireless system to analyze the process of human vertical jumping up through the use of a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) accelerometer and a MEMS gyroscope. The system allows the users to be able to measure the jump parameters, including jumping force and explosive power of athletes’ lower limbs. Then the noise of the system has been analyzed briefly, and a finite impulse response (FIR) low pass filter is designed to eliminate the noise. The system has been compared with a commercial performance measuring system-Myotest, and a traditional force test platform-HUR. The results show that parameters can be collected precisely by it and there is a possibility to apply this system for other actions.
Dynamically Reconfigurable Routing Protocol Design for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Ayaz Beenish , Allen Alastair , Wiercigroch Marian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) share the common challenges of terrestrial Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), however they are significantly different from terrestrial WSN. Mainly, because acoustic wireless communication is the main physical layer technology in UWSN. Acoustic communication offers longer range, but has limitations due to low speed of sound, high error probability, limited bandwidth capacity, node mobility and 3-dimensional network architecture. Most of the ground based WSN are static, however the UWSN condition keeps on changing due to water current and channel impairment. Therefore the UWSN must be able to dynamically reconfigure itself. The sensor nodes must be able to re-route their communication if the network configuration changes. In this paper we address a fundamental Networking layer issue by developing a dynamically reconfigurable routing protocol. It is a multi-hop datagram routing scheme which will offer reliable underwater wireless communication by dynamically re-routing the data, when network configuration changes.
Analysis of Frequency Channel Division Strategy for CSMA/CA with RTS/CTS Mechanism
Authors: Mawlawi Baher , Dore’ Jean-Baptiste , Lebedev Nikolai , Gorce Jean-Marie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this work we study the collision probability, saturation throughput and statistical delay for the carrier sense multiple access collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol with request to send and clear to send (RTS/CTS) mechanism in the case of frequency channel division. We propose in this paper a modified version of CSMA/CA-RTS/CTS to be compatible with the channel repartition technique and we prove that an important gain is introduced in terms of system performance especially for loaded networks. Simulations highlight that dividing the channel into independent sub-channels reduces drastically the RTS collision probability. Moreover, a gain in terms of saturation throughput and delay is shown especially in dense networks.
Hospital wastewater effluent: hot spot for antibiotic resistant bacteria
Authors: Rozman Urška , Duh Darja , Cimerman Mojca , Turk Sonja Šostar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHospital wastewaters are highly complex effluents acting as a hotspot for antibiotic resistant bacteria. Especially, Gram-negative bacteria bearing multiple antibiotic resistant genes are increasingly found in hospital wastewaters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae in hospital wastewaters from one Slovenian and two Austrian hospitals, as well as the occurrence of antibiotic resistant genes encoding for VIM, KPC, NDM, CTXM and OXA beta-lactamases in isolates from hospital wastewater. The results indicated high levels of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae in ranges up to 107 cfu/mL. Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae and OXA 48-type CPE were present in ranges up to 105 cfu/mL. Out of 89 multiplied polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons, only 36 were positive for different β-lactamase gene families, among those only three isolates were identified as multiresistant. The dominant ESBL family was CTXM in 19 different isolates. This was followed by 10 OXA-48 positive isolates and 10 VIM positive isolates. KPC or NDM carbapenemases were not identified with PCR screening of the isolates. Hospital wastewaters serve as a reservoir for nearly all clinically important antibiotic resistances. The importance of evaluating such potential environmental reservoirs is especially evident when outbreak cases could not be linked to an epidemiological source.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity of New Hydroxamic Acids Containing 2-Imidazolylphenyl(oxy/thio)alkanoic Fragment
Authors: Stanisheva Desislava V. , Atanasov Gjorgji , Aposstolova Margarita D. , Petrov Ognyan I. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a new class of therapeutic
compounds that show promising results in a series of preclinical and clinical anticancer studies. Hydroxamic
acids belong to one of the most significant classes of HDAC inhibitors. The member vorinostat
(SAHA) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of cutaneous
T-cell lymphoma.

Methods:
A series of eight novel hydroxamic acids containing 2-imidazolylphenyl(oxy/thio)
alkanoic fragment designed to target Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) were synthesized in five steps
from easily accessible 2(3H)-benzoxazolones and 2(3H)-benzthiazolones. The newly synthesized
compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis.

Results:
The structure-activity relationship was examined via linker length alternation and variation
of the heteroatom (oxygen or sulfur) and chlorine substitution pattern of the starting materials.
The compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activity against two human cancer cell lines (HT-29
and MDA-MB-231). Our data indicate that the compound 6.1d is active in the micromolar range
with IC50 of 9.7 μM for MDA-MB-231 cells. DNA fragmentation analysis of the most active compounds
confirmed that apoptosis could be one of the mechanisms involved in cell death.

Conclusion:
Taken together, the results revealed that 6d may become a promising lead compound
for new anticancer drugs discovery.
Innovation Overview of Nanoparticle-Based Dermatological Products: A Patent Study
Authors: da Costa Lucas A.G. , de Souza Myla L. , de Sousa André Luiz M.D. , Silva Emerson de O. , da Silva Rosali M.F. , Rolim Larissa A. , Rolim-Neto Pedro J. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The health area in its most diverse fields has progressively incorporated nanotechnology
into its products, such as in dermatology. In this sector, nanoparticles are one of the strategies
that allow improvements, both in terms of value-added, as well as the efficacy, safety and stability
of products for cosmetic or therapeutic purposes.

Objective:
To understand the scenario of development and innovation of dermatological products with
nanoparticles, through a patent prospection, evaluating the annual evolution, the main technology investors
countries, the profile of the depositors, besides the uses and purposes of the products.

Methods:
The Espacenet® database was used for consultation, using the search term "nanoparticle and
skin". A total of 285 patents were found, of which 208 were available and 89 were based on the scope.

Results:
There was a progressive evolution in the number of patents after the year 2000, with South
Korea, the United States, China and Japan as the main depositor countries. Private companies and Education
and Research Institutions were the entities with the largest amount of deposits. The cosmetic
purpose was the predominant use compared to the therapeutic one. The most prominent nanoparticles
were polymeric, metallic and lipid, while the therapeutic area presented a larger number of the functionalized
ones.

Conclusion:
The market for dermatological products has been innovating and growing over the years
through the use of nanoparticles, evidencing a prominent development of nanotechnology-based cosmetics.
Countries investing in nanotechnology and major developers of innovative products are highlighted
in this scenario.