bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
iTRAQ‐based proteomic analysis reveals potential serum biomarkers of allergic and nonallergic asthma
Authors: Nieto‐Fontarigo Juan José , González‐Barcala Francisco Javier , Andrade‐Bulos Luis Juan , San‐José María Esther , Cruz María Jesús , Valdés‐Cuadrado Luis , Crujeiras Rosa María , Arias Pilar , Salgado Francisco Javier 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is heterogeneous disease with different phenotypes, endotypes and severities. Definition of these subgroups requires the identification of biomarkers in biological samples, and serum proteomics is a useful and minimally invasive method for this purpose. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect serum proteins whose abundance is distinctively associated with different asthma phenotypes (allergic vs nonallergic) or severities.MethodsFor each group of donors (32 healthy controls, 43 allergic rhinitis patients and 192 asthmatics with different phenotypes and severities), we generated two pools of sera that were analysed by a shotgun MS approach based on combinatorial peptide ligand libraries and iTRAQ‐LC‐MS/MS.ResultsMS analyses identified 18 proteins with a differential abundance. Functional/network study of these proteins identified key processes for asthma pathogenesis, such as complement activation, extracellular matrix organization, platelet activation and degranulation, or post‐translational protein phosphorylation. Furthermore, our results highlighted an enrichment of the “Regulation of Insulin‐like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin‐like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)” route in allergic asthma and the lectin pathway of complement activation in nonallergic asthma. Thus, several proteins (eg IGFALS, HSPG2, FCN2 or MASP1) displayed a differential abundance between the different groups of donors. Particularly, our results revealed IGFALS as a useful biomarker for moderate‐severe allergic asthma.ConclusionOur data suggest a set of serum biomarkers, especially IGFALS, capable of differentiating allergic from nonallergic asthma. These proteins reveal different pathophysiological mechanisms and may be useful in the future for diagnosis, prognosis or targeted therapy purposes.
Othering Pastoralists, State Violence, and the Remaking of Boundaries in Tanzania’s Militarised Wildlife Conservation Sector
Authors: Weldemichel Teklehaymanot G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the ways in which Tanzanian conservation authorities utilise biodiversity “extinction narratives” in order to legitimise the use of violence in redrawing protected areas’ boundaries. Militarisation and violence in conservation have often been associated with the “war on poaching”. Drawing on the history of conservation and violence in Tanzania, and using an empirical case from Loliondo, the paper suggests that violence in conservation may be legitimised when based on extinction narratives and a claim that more exclusive spaces are urgently needed to protect biodiversity. It argues that the emerging militarisation and use of violence in Tanzania can be associated with both global biodiversity extinction and local neo‐Malthusian narratives, which recently have regained predominance. When combined with “othering” of groups of pastoralists by portraying them as foreign “invaders”, such associations legitimise extensions of state control over contested land by any means available, including violence.
Changing Sedentary Behavior in the Office: A Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing the Effect of Affective, Instrumental, and Self‐Regulatory Messaging on Sitting
Authors: Lithopoulos Alexander , Kaushal Navin , Beauchamp Mark R. , Conner Mark , de Bruijn Gert‐Jan , Latimer-Cheung Amy E. , Rhodes Ryan E. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundAlthough avoiding sedentary behavior has many health benefits, adults often sit for long periods at work. The purpose of this study was to compare affective attitude, instrumental attitude, and self‐regulation messaging interventions on sitting in the workplace.MethodsUsing a cluster randomised controlled trial design, participants (N = 116) were assigned (by workplace) to: (a) instrumental, (b) affective, (c) self‐regulation, or (d) control (nutrition information) groups. Measurements were taken online at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks post‐baseline. The interventions comprised three presentations delivered following baseline, week 4, and week 8 assessments. The primary outcome was self‐reported average hours of sitting per day at work (registered trial number: NCT04082624).ResultsControlling for baseline sitting, overall, the affective group sat for less time than the instrumental and self‐regulation groups. Also, at week 4, the affective group sat for less time than the instrumental and self‐regulation groups and, at week 8, the affective group sat for less time than the self‐regulation and control groups. There were no differences between the groups at week 12.ConclusionsThis investigation showed that workplace interventions targeting affective attitude can lead to less sitting time in the short term. Future research should explore additional strategies to minimise sedentary behavior in the long term.
Letter: mesalazine—a safe drug with rare serious adverse events
Authors: Scrivo Barbara , Renna Sara , Casà Angelo , Monachino Noemi , Macaluso Fabio S. , Orlando Ambrogio 
Published: May 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Sehgal et al and Sehgal and Narula papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14688 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15748.
Letter: suicide risk among adult inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Sánta Anett , Szántó Kata Judit , Sarlós Patrícia , Miheller Pál , Farkas Klaudia , Molnár Tamás 
Published: May 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Malham et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15258 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15733.
Editorial: how widespread and serious is non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in the real world? Authors' reply
Authors: Loomba Rohit , Wong Robert , Fraysse Jeremy , Shreay Sanatan , Li Suying , Harrison Stephen , Gordon Stuart C. 
Published: May 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Loomba et al and Harris et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15679 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15714.
Letter: suicide risk among adult inflammatory bowel disease patients. Authors' reply
Authors: Malham Mikkel , Jakobsen Christian , Paerregaard Anders , Hald Mette , Virta Lauri , Kolho Kaija‐Leena , Wewer Vibeke 
Published: May 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Malham et al and Sánta papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15258 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15708.
Editorial: can urine‐based metabolomics improve diagnosis of advanced fibrosis in NAFLD? Authors' reply
Authors: Moolla Ahmad , Tomlinson Jeremy W. 
Published: May 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Moolla et al and Hagström papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15710 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15744.
The first‐in‐human study of CNTO 7160, an anti‐interleukin‐33 receptor monoclonal antibody, in healthy subjects and patients with asthma or atopic dermatitis
Authors: Nnane Ivo , Frederick Bart , Yao Zhenling , Raible Donald , Shu Cathye , Badorrek Philipp , van den Boer Maarten , Branigan Patrick , Duffy Karen , Baribaud Frédéric , Fink Damien , Yang Tong‐Yuan , Xu Zhenhua 
Published: May 2020

AimsTo assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and immunogenicity of CNTO 7160, an anti‐interleukin‐33 receptor (IL‐33R) monoclonal antibody, in healthy subjects and patients with asthma or atopic dermatitis (AD).MethodsIn Part 1 of this Phase I, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study, healthy subjects (n = 68) received single ascending intravenous (IV) CNTO 7160 dose (0.001 to 10 mg/kg) or placebo. In Part 2, patients with mild asthma (n = 24) or mild AD (n = 15) received 3 biweekly IV CNTO 7160 doses (3 or 10 mg/kg) or placebo.ResultsCNTO 7160 was generally well tolerated, with 1 serious adverse event of severe cellulitis reported (AD, CNTO 7160, 3 mg/kg). CNTO 7160 exhibited nonlinear PK (0.01–10 mg/kg). Mean clearance decreased with increasing dose (2.43 to 18.03 mL/d/kg). CNTO 7160 PK was similar between healthy subjects and patients with asthma or AD (3 or 10 mg/kg). Free sIL‐33R suppression was rapid and dose dependent. Ex vivo inhibition of p38 phosphorylation of basophils was dose‐dependent (1–10 mg/kg) and sustained inhibition (≥75%) was observed at higher doses (3 or 10 mg/kg). PK/PD modelling and simulation suggests that 1 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks provides adequate systemic drug exposure for sustained inhibition of p38 phosphorylation of basophils. Despite confirmation of target engagement, no apparent CNTO 7160 clinical activity was observed in patients (asthma or AD).ConclusionThis first‐in‐human study provides PK, PD and safety data, supporting further clinical investigation of CNTO 7160 in patients with asthma and AD.
Process‐Oriented Sampling
Authors: Hergesell Jannis , Baur Nina , Braunisch Lilli 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUsing the concepts of “duration” and “temporal patterns,” this paper discusses how key steps during sampling change, if researchers take temporality seriously: When defining cases, scholars have to select a suitable temporal scale and reflect on possible changes of boundaries and properties of cases. When defining the population or field, researchers need to set an appropriate time frame and define periods within this time frame to be analyzed. When selecting the actual cases for analysis, researchers have to choose an appropriate sampling procedure, decide upon relevant periods of analysis as well as the number of points in time to be analyzed.
Low‐carbohydrate interventions for adolescent obesity: Nutritional adequacy and guidance for clinical practice
Authors: Jebeile Hiba , Grunseit Alicia M. , Thomas Maddison , Kelly Tara , Garnett Sarah P. , Gow Megan L. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryLow‐carbohydrate dietary patterns are re‐emerging as a popular method of weight reduction. However, their nutritional adequacy to meet the needs of growing adolescents should be considered. This study aimed to design theoretical low‐carbohydrate meal plans for clinical use in the management of adolescent obesity and assess nutritional adequacy. Meal plans were created for three levels of carbohydrate restriction (≤30, ≤50 and ≤120 g/day) without energy, protein or total fat restriction. Nutrient analysis was conducted using the FoodWorks Australia Ltd software (databases: AUSNUT 2013, AusBrands 2017, AusFoods 2017, NUTTAB 2010, New Zealand FOODfiles 2016), and compared with Australian Nutrient Reference Values for male and female adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. All low‐carbohydrate meal plans met the Recommended Dietary Intake, Adequate Intake or Estimated Average Requirements for most micronutrients at an energy intake of 6.3 to 7.2 MJ/day (1510‐1730 kcal/day). The proportion of energy from saturated fat exceeded recommendations across all models (11.3%‐17.1%). Dietary manipulation was required to minimize saturated fat and reach micronutrient adequacy, particularly for calcium in males and females, and iron for females. In practice, this may be challenging considering individual lifestyle and preferences. Therefore, the use of low‐carbohydrate diets with adolescents should be monitored by a trained professional to ensure nutritional adequacy.
Pediatric nomograms for left ventricle biplane 2D volumes in healthy Caucasian children
Authors: Cantinotti Massimiliano , Scalese Marco , Giordano Raffaele , Franchi Eliana , Marchese Pietro , Vicava Cecilia , Assanta Nadia , Iervasi Giorgio , Kutty Shelby , Koestenberger Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular (LV) volumes are basic parameters used to estimate ventricular size and function; however, normal values are not available in children. The aim of our study is to provide normal values for LV volumes (measured with the biplane Simpson method) in healthy children.Materials and methodsWe prospectively studied 1320 healthy Caucasian Italian children (age 0 days‐17 years, 49.4% female). Echocardiographic measurements on LV volumes were performed. Age, heart rate (HR), and body surface area (BSA) were used as independent variables in different analyses to predict the mean values of each measurement.ResultsModels with exponential (ln[y] = a + b*ln[x]) equations resulted in the best fit for LV volumes. The association with BSA was found to be stronger than the association of HR and age. Thus BSA was used for normalization of our data. Predicted values and Z‐score boundaries by BSA are provided.ConclusionsWe report normal values for 2D biplane LV volumes in a population of healthy children. These data cover a gap in current pediatric echocardiographic nomograms and may serve as baseline for evaluation of children with cardiac defects characterized by LV dilatation or hypoplasia.
“Holes‐in‐one”: A case of concurrent windsock mitral valve, root abscess, and Gerbode defect
Authors: Wang Tom Kai Ming , Elgharably Haytham , Cremer Paul 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInfective endocarditis is a heterogeneous disease with a wide array of pathological lesions. We present a 55‐year‐old man with severe mitral and aortic regurgitation on transthoracic echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiogram characterized the mechanisms detecting a windsock mitral valve perforation, aortic root abscess, and Gerbode ventricular septal defect, with the deep transgastric view showing all three pathologies concurrently. The etiologies of mitral valve perforation and Gerbode defects are discussed. Transesophageal echocardiography remains a critical imaging modality to diagnose and evaluate the extent of infective endocarditis with superior sensitivity to transthoracic echocardiography.
Physical health interventions on adolescent mental health inpatient units: A systematic review and call to action
Authors: Carney Rebekah , Imran Shermin , Law Heather , Firth Joseph , Parker Sophie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimPhysical health inequalities experienced by people with mental health conditions are labelled an international scandal; due to the 15 to 30‐year gap in life expectancy, driven mostly by physical health conditions. Lifestyle interventions are recommended to prevent the onset of poor physical health in people with mental illness. Yet, there is less high‐quality evidence for adolescents, particularly those in inpatient settings. We aimed to assess existing literature reporting physical health or lifestyle interventions conducted on adolescent mental health inpatient units.MethodAn electronic search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and AMED was conducted on 13th June 2019. Eligible studies included peer‐reviewed English language research articles of physical health interventions delivered within child and adolescent mental health inpatient services. A narrative synthesis was conducted on the data.ResultsOnly three studies were identified implementing health interventions for adolescent inpatients. The interventions consisted of two physical health interventions aiming to increase activity levels within routine care (one gym‐based, one sports led) and a yoga intervention. Outcome measurements varied and benefits were observed in relation to overall health (HONOSCA), physical health (waist, hip and chest circumference) and behaviour.ConclusionsAlthough preliminary results suggest lifestyle interventions may be feasible and beneficial for this group, more work is needed to fully understand the best way to implement these interventions within adolescent clinical settings. Adolescent inpatients are an important target for such interventions, affording the opportunity to prevent the onset of physical comorbidities.
Homelessness youth and mental health service utilization: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Russell Melissa , Soong Wei , Nicholls Craig , Griffiths Jennifer , Curtis Kerry , Follett Denise , Smith Warwick , Waters Flavie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is currently an incomplete picture of the long‐term impact of homelessness on youth with mental health issues. There are also questions regarding homelessness as a predictor of mental health re‐admissions.AimsTo examine the mental health service presentation profile of young people affected by homelessness and mental health issues.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of the medical records of homeless (n = 29) and non‐homeless (n = 32) youth who attended the YouthLink specialist mental health service in 2010. We tracked their pattern of mental health service admissions at five time points during a total period of 10 years, including 2 years prior to, and up to 8 years following the YouthLink presentation. A regression analysis was used to examine factors hypothesized to contribute to mental health re‐admissions.ResultsHomeless youth had significantly more frequent presentations to inpatient and outpatient mental health services, and emergency departments for mental health reasons. They were 11 times more likely to be re‐admitted to a mental health inpatient ward than non‐homeless youth. Prior hospital admission was an independent predictor, increasing by a factor of 2.2 for every inpatient admission.ConclusionThe impact of homelessness on mental health issues is enduring, and is a long‐term predictor of hospital re‐admission.
Reliability of the intracerebral hemorrhage score for predicting outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage using oral anticoagulants
Authors: Fakiri M. O. , Uyttenboogaart M. , Houben R. , van Oostenbrugge R. J. , Staals J. , Luijckx G.J. 
Published: May 2020

Background and purposeThe intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) score is the most widely used and validated prognostic model for estimating 30‐day mortality in ICH. However, the score was developed and validated in an ICH population probably not using oral anticoagulants (OACs). The aim of this study was to determine the performance of the ICH score for predicting the 30‐day mortality rate in the full range of ICH scores in patients using OACs.MethodsData from admitted patients with ICH were collected retrospectively in two Dutch comprehensive stroke centers. The validity of the ICH score was evaluated by assessing both discrimination and calibration in OAC and OAC‐naive patient groups.ResultsA total of 1752 patients were included of which 462 (26%) patients were on OAC. The 30‐day mortality was 54% for the OAC cohort and 34% for the OAC‐naive cohort. The 30‐day mortality was higher in the OAC cohort for ICH score 1 (33% vs. 12.5%; odds ratio, 3.4; 95% confidence intervals, 1.1–10.4) and ICH score 2 (53% vs. 26%; odds ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence intervals, 1.2–8.2) compared with the predicted mortality rate of the original ICH score. Overall, the discriminative ability of the ICH score was equally good in both cohorts (area under the curve 0.83 vs. 0.87, respectively).ConclusionsThe ICH score underestimated the 30‐day mortality rate for lower ICH scores in OAC‐ICH. When estimating the prognosis of ICH in patients using OAC, this underestimation of mortality must be taken into account.
Are media messages to consume more under‐utilized seafood species reliable?
Authors: Farmery Anna K , van Putten Ingrid E , Phillipov Michelle , McIlgorm Alistair 
Published: May 2020

AbstractConsumers are being encouraged to choose sustainable seafood. In particular, eating less‐popular, under‐utilized species is promoted as a more sustainable seafood choice. This message is advocated in the media by a range of different organizations and individuals; however, evidence of greater seafood sustainability as a result of these messages is lacking. We examine current media messaging around sustainable seafood, focussing on the messages to eat more under‐utilized species, in an Australian and international context. We identify six different intended outcomes of these messages, including that eating more under‐utilized species will take pressure off heavily fished stocks, and explore the conditions under which the perceived outcomes would be realized. We use an economic lens and discuss the effect of certain aspects of consumer demand and seafood product substitutability. We propose that in order to take pressure off overfished stocks, the message to consume more under‐utilized species would need to be accompanied by messages to limit or eat less seafood. In addition, the benefits of eating more under‐utilized species as currently promoted are not always achievable and that the outcomes of some messages, if realized, could lead to overfishing of unregulated stocks and a reduction in overall fish supply. While there are many potentially positive social, economic and environmental outcomes of consuming currently under‐utilized species, media messages should encourage consumers to buy a range of seafood, including under‐utilized species, which can be traced back to a well‐managed fishery, rather than promoting under‐utilized species per se.
Histological features of BRAF V600E‐mutant anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Chen Tiffany Y , Lorch Jochen H , Wong Kristine S , Barletta Justine A 
Published: May 2020

AimsTreatment with a BRAF inhibitor, alone or in combination with a MEK inhibitor, may be considered for BRAF‐mutant anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). The purpose of this study was to characterise the histology of BRAF V600E‐mutant ATC.Methods and resultsWe identified 28 ATC that were consecutively resected between 2003 and 2019. All tumour slides for each case were evaluated for the presence of a precursor tumour and for ATC morphology (sarcomatoid, pleomorphic giant cell, epithelioid or squamous). BRAF V600E mutation status was determined by BRAF V600E IHC or molecular analysis (OncoPanel NGS). Eighteen (64%) ATC had an associated well‐differentiated precursor, including 10 (36%) with associated papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and eight (29%) with associated follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) or Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC). Most ATC (19 cases, 68%) demonstrated a mixed anaplastic morphology. Squamous morphology was present in four cases. Ten (36%) ATC had a BRAF V600E mutation. All ATC that had a PTC precursor had a BRAF V600E mutation (and all ATC with a BRAF V600E mutation had a PTC precursor), whereas no ATC with an FTC or HCC precursor had a BRAF V600E mutation. All four cases of ATC with a squamous morphology had a PTC precursor and a BRAF V600E mutation.ConclusionIn our cohort, the presence of a PTC precursor predicted the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation, whereas ATC with an FTC or HCC precursor lacked a BRAF V600E mutation. A squamous morphology was associated with the presence of a PTC precursor and a BRAF V600E mutation.