bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual Frequency Electronically Controlled Radiation Beam Reconfigurable slotted Antenna for Detection of a Stationary or Nonstationary Target
Authors: Garg Manoj Kumar , Saini Jasmine 
Published: October 2020

A dual-frequency and radiation pattern reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for detecting a stationary as well as a non-stationary target is described. Six angular patches, that collectively form a circular shape, are used. All the six patches radiate one by one after a fixed interval of time and their feed controlling is done by six PIN diodes. The switching of PIN diodes is controlled by an embedded biasing network. This antenna provides radiation beam scanning characteristics. It gives the main lobe scanning at every 60o clockwise (or anticlockwise) continuously by applying a signal to patches one by one. The purpose of introducing the slot is to get the radiation pattern in the desired direction since by changing the length, width, and position of the slot, the direction of the radiation pattern can be controlled. The slotted antenna operates in a C band with two frequencies 4.21 GHz and 4.82 GHz and provides a radiation pattern, 90o apart from each other. The scanning rate of 0.6 deg/ms is obtained; however, the scanning rate can be changed with the help of ATMEGA 2560 microcontroller. This compact Microstrip patch antenna can be widely used for short-range applications i.e. ground surveillance radar, missile control, mobile battlefield surveillance for military and many other applications in a modern wireless communication system. The designed antenna along with the switching application will be able to track the stationary as well as a non-stationary target.
Notes from the Editors, October 2020
Authors: Editors _ 
Published: October 2020

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This special issue of Monthly Review, "China 2020," is the product of a long period of cooperation with critical Chinese Marxist scholars. This has resulted in an extensive series of articles on contemporary Chinese social and economic relations since 2012, to which most of the authors in the present issue have previously contributed. It takes on a special significance due to the growing conflict between the United States and China, making critical Marxist analysis in this area all the more important.
Wajda i aktorzy
Authors: Guczalska Beata 
Published: October 2020

Andrzej Wajda was one of those directors who created their actors in the way he allowed them to truly shape his films and theatre performances. The presence of his actors is striking in Wajda’s work, not only in the professional sense but also the human element. On numerous occasions Wajda emphasised that the only moment of true inspiration in his work is in the process of casting. While selecting actors he stayed extremely close to the characters, and in his quest for the right person he asked: “Who, in today’s social and existential situation, should play this character?” In his work he afforded his actors great freedom, which enabled them to develop their talents to the full. However, realising he could not always meet expectations with tried and tested actors, he sought out new faces and made radical changes to his team, which was often a source of frustration for actors. Aware of this lack of fulfillment, Wajda sometimes made it the subject of his films, sometimes returning to actors cast aside years earlier.
„Antynaturalizm” Gombrowicza albo po co ekokrytyce pamięć o nowoczesności
Authors: Pańczak Martyna 
Published: October 2020

The article discusses Gombrowicz’s declared “anti-naturalism”, which is often seen as a gesture of negating the non-human world as boring and unworthy of interacting with. Nevertheless, this seemingly radical anthropocentrism does not imply absolute indifference. On the contrary, human anti-naturalness, as emphasized in the work of Gombrowicz, is considered arbitrary, founded on logocentrism and influential interpersonal doctrines. It may therefore be a tragic experience – depriving of a sense of belonging, but also deflating self-confidence, which is grounded in the belief in nature’s otherness. Gombrowicz’s “anti-naturalism”, crucial for the experience of modernity, relates to the problem of definition. The aversion to the non-human is, in fact, the fear of recognising one’s own non-identity; the angst caused by blurring the boundaries that used to arrange the world. It also leads to ignorance, cruelty and a state of “blissful unawareness” on the issues of animal others. In this respect, the writer’s remarks can be very inspiring for ecocritical thought. Gombrowicz once again reminds the reader of the necessity to stop conceiving “Human” as stable, homogenic and self-assured identity and for that reason, collaboration between ecocriticism and posthumanist critical approaches seems unavoidable.
On a degenerate hyperbolic problem for the 3-D steady full Euler equations with axial-symmetry
Authors: Hu Yanbo , Li Fengyan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe transonic channel flow problem is one of the most important problems in mathematical fluid dynamics. The structure of solutions near the sonic curve is a key part of the whole transonic flow problem. This paper constructs a local classical hyperbolic solution for the 3-D axisymmetric steady compressible full Euler equations with boundary data given on the degenerate hyperbolic curve. By introducing a novel set of dependent and independent variables, we use the idea of characteristic decomposition to transform the axisymmetric Euler equations as a new system which has explicitly singularity-regularity structures. We first establish a local classical solution for the new system in a weighted metric space and then convert the solution in terms of the original variables.
Analysis of the complex rheological properties of highly concentrated proteins with a closed cavity rheometer
Authors: Wittek Patrick , Zeiler Nicole , Karbstein Heike P. , Emin M. Azad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Highly concentrated biopolymers are used in food extrusion processing. It is well known that rheo-logical properties of biopolymers influence considerably both process conditions and product properties. Therefore, characterization of rheological properties under extrusion-relevant conditions is crucial to process and product design. Since conventional rheological methods are still lacking for this purpose, a novel approach is presented. A closed cavity rheometer known in the rubber industry was used to systematically characterize a highly concentrated soy protein, a very relevant protein in extruded meat analogues. Rheological properties were first determined and discussed in the linear viscoelastic range (SAOS). Rheo-logical analysis was then carried out in the non-linear viscoelastic range (LAOS), as high deformations in extrusion demand for measurements at process-relevant high strains. The protein showed gel behavior in the linear range, while liquid behavior was observed in the nonlinear range. An expected increase in elasticity through addition of methylcellulose was detected. The measurements in the non-linear range reveal significant changes of material behavior with increasing strain. As another tool for rheological characterization, a stress relaxation test was carried out which confirmed the increase of elastic behavior after methylcellulose addition.
Seeding the Solar System with Life: Mars, Venus, Earth, Moon, Protoplanets
Authors: Joseph Rhawn G. , Planchon Olivier , Gibson Carl H. , Schild Rudolph 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the space of the entire universe, the only conclusive evidence of life, is found on Earth. Although the ultimate source of all life is unknown, many investigators believe Earth, Mars, and Venus may have been seeded with life when these planets, and the sun, were forming in a galactic cluster of thousands of stars and protoplanets. Yet others hypothesize that while and after becoming established members of this solar system, these worlds became contaminated with life during the heavy bombardment phase when struck by millions of life-bearing meteors, asteroids, comets and oceans of ice. Because bolide impacts may eject tons of life-bearing debris into space, and as powerful solar winds may blow upper atmospheric organisms into space, these three planets may have repeatedly exchanged living organisms for billions of years. In support of these hypotheses is evidencesuggestiveof stromatolites, algae, and lichens on Mars, fungi on Mars and Venus, and formationsresemblingfossilized acritarchs and metazoans on Mars, and fossilized impressionsresemblingmicrobial organisms on the lunar surface, and dormant microbes recovered from the interior of a lunar camera. The evidence reviewed in this report supports the interplanetary transfer hypothesis and that Earth may be seeding this solar system with life.
A biological profile for diagnosis and outcome of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Khourssaji Mehdi , Chapelle Virginie , Evenepoel Anton , Belkhir Leila , Yombi Jean Cyr , van Dievoet Marie-Astrid , Saussoy Pascale , Coche Emmanuel , Fillée Catherine , Constantinescu Stefan N. , Rodriguez-Villalobos Hector , Defour Jean-Philippe , Gruson Damien 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic is increasing its victims on a global scale with recurring outbreaks, it remains of outmost importance to rapidly identify people requiring an intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization. The aim of this study was to identify Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) biomarkers, to investigate their correlation with disease severity and to evaluate their usefulness for follow-up.

Methods
Fifty patients diagnosed with SARS-Cov-2 were included in March 2020. Clinical and biological data were collected at admission, during hospitalization and one month after discharge. Patients were divided into two severity groups: non-ICU (28) and ICU and/or death (22) to stratify the risk.

Results
Blood parameters in COVID-19 patients at admission showed increased C-reactive protein (CRP) (100%), ferritin (92%), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (80%), white blood cell (WBC) count (26%) with lymphopenia (52%) and eosinopenia (98%). There were significant differences in levels of CRP, ferritin, D-dimers, fibrinogen, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) among the two severity groups. Mapping of biomarker’s kinetics distinguished early and late parameters. CRP, ferritin, LDH, lymphopenia and eosinopenia were present upon admission with a peak at the first week. Late biomarkers such as anemia, neutrophilia and elevated liver biomarkers appeared after one week with a peak at three weeks of hospitalization.

Conclusions
We confirmed that high-values of CRP, NLR, D-dimers, ferritin as well as lymphopenia and eosinopenia were consistently found and are good markers for risk stratification. Kinetics of these biomarkers correlate well with COVID-19 severity. Close monitoring of early and late biomarkers is crucial in the management of critical patients to avoid preventable deaths.
Inverted E shaped dipole antenna with corrugated substrate for mm-wave applications
Authors: Loktongbam Paikhomba , Koley Chaitali , Pal Debasish , Bandyopadhyay Ayan Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a novel E armed dipole antenna for System On Chip (SOC) applications in the Sub-THz frequency band. The antenna is printed on a corrugated silicon substrate which suppresses surface waves and provides high efficiency and gain. The corrugated substrate also provides a better impedance matching. The antenna has a simulated gain of 5.4 dBi and 3 dB beam-width of 83.5 degree. The proposed antenna also has a very high radiation efficiency of 90%. Antenna resonates at 141.8 GHz and has an approximate −10 dB bandwidth of 1 GHz. To investigate the effects of different design parameters, some parametric analysis has been carried out and results have been shown. An equivalent circuit model has been reported. The equivalent circuit has been used to find the resonant frequency of the proposed dipole. The deviation of simulated and calculated resonant frequency is less than 0.5% which is well within the acceptable limits for antennas operating in mm-wave and sub-THz frequency band. This antenna is well suited for SOC, radar on-chip, high gain arrays, etc.
PCAT1 induced by transcription factor YY1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma proliferation, migration and invasion by sponging miR-216a-3p to up-regulate oncogene BCL3
Authors: Sun Dongsheng , Zhao Yuqiao , Wang Weina , Guan Canghai , Hu Zengtao , Liu Lang , Jiang Xingming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study was designed to illustrate the function and role of PCAT1 in CCA. The relative expression was confirmed by RT-qPCR and western blot. The biological function of PCAT1 was evaluated by CCK8, EdU, colony formation, wound healing, transwell, and subcutaneous tumor formation assays. Protein levels of EMT markers were measured by western blot. The binding relationship was predicted by JASPAR and starBase. The binding of YY1 to PCAT1 promoter was assessed by ChIP and luciferase reporter. The binding capacity between miR-216a-3p and PCAT1 as well as BCL3 was assessed by luciferase reporter and AGO2-RIP assays. In this study, we found that PCAT1 was up-regulated in CCA tissues and cells, and the PCAT1 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, PCAT1 was assessed as an independent risk factor of prognosis for CCA patients. Amplified PCAT1 was found to promote tumor proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT process, whereas PCAT1 knockdown inhibited these malignant phenotypes. Mechanistically, PCAT1 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and competitively bound miR-216a-3p to increase BCL3 expression. In addition, PCAT1 was activated by transcription factor YY1. This study revealed that PCAT1 acted as an oncogene in CCA, and the YY1/PCAT1/miR-216a-3p/BCL3 axis exhibited critical functions in CCA progression.
Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity evaluation of WO3, TiO2 and WO3/TiO2 supported on zeolite faujasite
Authors: González Rodríguez Luis Mario , Pinedo Escobar José Alfonso , Piedra López Jessica Guadalupe , De Haro Del Rio David Alejandro , Suarez Vázquez Santiago Ivan , Carrillo Martínez Cristina Jared , Solis Christian Gomez , Chulim Alvaro Can 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe present investigation is focused on the preparation, characterization, and photocatalytic activity evaluation of TiO2/zeolite, WO3/zeolite, WO3/TiO2/zeolite, and WO3/TiO2 composites. Zeolite fujasite (FAU) was synthesized by the hydrothermal method, while the semiconductor/zeolite composites by a straightforward physical mixture and calcination treatment. The photocatalytic activity of the materials was evaluated through the methyl orange (MO) degradation under near-UV irradiation (365 nm). The photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and nitrogen physisorption. Results indicated that TiO2, WO3, and Zeolite Y kept their crystalline phases after the preparation method. TiO2 and WO3 particles were distributed on zeolite surface. Also, no significant changes in the band gap energies of the photocatalysts were found. The surface area of zeolite FAU decreased with the addition of TiO2 and WO3. The best MO degradation under near-UV irradiation was obtained with WO3/TiO2 heterojunction and TiO2 P25, no synergistic effect was found between semiconductors and zeolite FAU. Additionally, the kinetic data of the photocatalytic elimination of MO with all photocatalysts under near-UV radiation was investigated with several models: Zero-order, First-Order, Second Order, Modified Freundlich and Parabolic Diffusion, they were consistent with Modified Freundlich model. The effect of initial pH and photocatalyst weight was explored for TiO2/Zeolite composite and it was found that the best MO degradation was obtained at natural pH of 10.3 and 0.2 g of composite was the optimal amount of photocatalyst. Finally, the positive hole formation in all photocatalysts was detected by UV–vis spectroscopy and it was discovered that the highest density of positive holes was obtained with TiO2/zeolite composite.
Zur Situation der DaF-Lehrkräfteaus- und -fortbildung in Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Moldenhauer Sarah 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungAnders als für Lateinamerika mehrheitlich zu beobachten, ist für Chile und insbesondere die Region Valparaíso seit zwei Jahren ein massiver Rückgang der Nachfrage hinsichtlich Deutsch als Fremdsprache zu verzeichnen. Ziel des Beitrags soll sein, einen detaillierten Überblick über die aktuelle Situation in Valparaíso und Umgebung zu geben und dabei der Entwicklung von einer der ehemals aktivsten Regionen der DaF-Lehrkräfteaus- und -fortbildung hin zu einer der prekärsten Regionen in Lateinamerika nachzugehen.
BAuA-Working Time Survey (BAuA-WTS; BAuA-Arbeitszeitbefragung)
Authors: Wöhrmann Anne M. , Brauner Corinna , Michel Alexandra 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BAuA-Working Time Survey (BAuA-WTS) is a micro data panel study covering aspects of working time, other working conditions, health, and well-being. It is representative of people working least 10 h per week in Germany. Data were collected via computer-assisted telephone interviews. So far, three panel waves have been conducted (2015, 2017, and 2019). Further biennial waves are planned. Scientific use files of the first two waves can be accessed at www.baua.de/forschungsdaten and be used free of charge by the scientific community after registration.
L2 Greek in Roman Egypt: Intense language contact in Roman military forts
Authors: Leiwo Martti 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper will focus on analysing user-related variation in Greek in Egypt as seen through potsherd letters (ostraka) of the residents of Roman forts,praesidia, in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. The letters can be dated to the first and second centuries CE. I suggest that the linguistic situation in the forts can be seen as evidence of extensive language contact that was connected with the considerable economic activity of the Roman Empire. All military forts had several L2 Greek speakers of various ethnicity. In what follows I will suggest that Roman soldiers and their civil partners had created a system that can be described as a feature pool of Greek variables. I suggest that the data from Egypt show that L2 speakers of Greek had an effect on Greek at all grammatical levels, strengthening existing and ongoing endogenous changes by creating substantial contact-induced variation in phonology as well as in morphosyntax and even phraseology. The intense language contact suggests, in my opinion, that language dynamics of this period follow the resilience theory, where various different phases of the adaptive cycle can be simultaneous, as almost all possible varieties of Greek, from historical High Attic to Multiethnic Greek are in use.
Sociolinguistic typology and the speed of linguistic change
Authors: Trudgill Peter 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSpeed of linguistic change is not constant: it differs as between different language and dialects, and between different chronological periods. These differences are, at least to some extent, conditioned by social parameters. Two major social factors are involved in producing these different rates of linguistic change. There is, first, the role of the relative degree of contact versus isolation which speech communities have experienced: a good example is provided by the contrast between Faroese and Icelandic as opposed to the continental Scandinavian languages. There is, secondly, an important role for relative social stability versus social instability in the histories of communities. There is considerable evidence to suggest that conservative language varieties generally tend to be the ones which are relatively more geographically isolated than rapid-change varieties, as well as being relatively more stable as this paper illustrates, through a study of the linguistic consequences of social upheavals involving different historical periods, different continents, and different languages.
The spread zones and contacts of medieval Finnic in the Northeastern Baltic Sea area: Implications for the rate of language change
Authors: Grünthal Riho 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the contemporary northern Baltic Sea area, there are two states, Finland and Estonia, in which a western Uralic language has an official status. Several Finnic minority languages are or used to be spoken in the adjacent areas in the contact zone of Baltic, Germanic and Slavic languages. Historically, the north-eastern surroundings of the Gulf of Finland reflect a gradual spread of the language area during the past millennium and especially the late Middle Ages, while more southern areas in contemporary Estonia, and its eastern neighbourhood in Russia show longer continuity of language borders. The Finnic languages were used predominantly orally until very recently, whereas written language began to affect non-standard varieties more strongly only in the 19th and 20th centuries. The diversification of the Finnic languages in the Northeastern Baltic Sea area involves both integration and disintegration of mutually closely related varieties. This article focuses on i) the variability of changes and their correlation with emerging divergence between Finnic languages, ii) local language contacts during the late Middle Ages and the Early Modern age, and iii) the rate of linguistic change. The external powers affecting the diversity between the Finnic languages include the settling of early Swedish, German and Slavic centres among or in the vicinity of Finnic communities, the policies of medieval Catholic and Orthodox church, the extension of the trading networks of the Hanseatic League, wars and conflicts between dominant political powers in the east and west, as well as the gradual establishment of political borders. I will suggest that all these factors have played a role in the rate of both lexical and grammatical change.
Performances of BICM-ID system using CRSC code in optical transmissions
Authors: Fekih Hocine , Bouazza Boubakar Seddik , Nouri Keltoum 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecently, using iterative decoding algorithms to achieve an interesting bit error rate for spectrally efficient modulation become a necessity for optical transmission, in this paper, we propose a coded modulation scheme based on bit interleaving circular recursive systematic convolutional (CRSC) code and 16-QAM modulation. The proposal system considered as a serial concatenation of a channel encoder, a bit interleaver and M-ary modulator can be flexible easy to implement using a short code length. For a spectral efficiencyη=3bit/s/Hz$\eta =3\text{bit}/s/Hz$, the coding gain at a bit error rate of 10−6is about 8 dB.