bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of remote digital monitoring using wireless Bluetooth monitors, the Smart AngelTM&nbsp;app and an original web platform for patients following outpatient surgery: A prospective observational pilot study.
Authors: Chevallier Thierry , Buzancais Gautier , Occean Bob-valery , Rataboul Pierre , Boisson Christophe , simon natacha , Lannelongue Ariane , Chaniaud Noemie , Gricourt Yann , Lefrant Jean-Yves , cuvillon philippe 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Remote monitoring of mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) or oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) remains a challenge in outpatient surgery. This study evaluates a new digital technology (Smart Angel TM ) for remotely monitoring hemodynamic data in real time: data transmitted from the patient's home to a central server, using a dedicated web-based software package. Methods: Adults scheduled for elective outpatient surgery were prospectively enrolled. In the first 5 postoperative days, patients completed a self-report questionnaire (pain, comfort, nausea, vomiting) and recorded SpO 2 , HR and MAP via two wireless Bluetooth monitors connected to a 4G tablet to transmit the data to a website, in real time, using Smart Angel TM software. Before transmission to the website, these data were also self-reported by the patient on a paper form. The primary outcome was the proportion of variables (self-monitored physiological data + questionnaire scores) correctly transmitted to the hospital via the system compared with the paper version. On Day 5, a system usability scale survey (SUS score 1-100) was also attributed.Results: From May 2018 to September 2018, data were available for 29 out of 30 patients enrolled (1 patient was not discharged from hospital after surgery). The remote monitoring technology recorded 2038 data items (62%) compared with 2656 (82%) items recorded on the paper form (p=0.001). The most common errors with the remote technology were software malfunctioning when starting the MAP monitor and malfunctioning between the tablet and the Bluetooth monitor. No serious adverse events were noted. The SUS score for the system was 85 (68-93) for 26 patients. Conclusion: This work evaluates the ability of a pilot system for monitoring remote physiological data using digital technology after ambulatory surgery and highlights the digital limitations of this technology. Technological improvements are required to reduce malfunctioning (4G access, transmission between apps).
Utilization of Non-Pharmacological Methods and the Perceived Barriers for Adult Postoperative Pain Management by the Nurses at Selected National Hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea
Authors: Kidanemariam Betiel Yihdego , Elsholz Traudl , Simel Laban L. , Tesfamariam Eyasu H. , Andemeskel Yonatan Mehari 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Pharmacological methods are widely used for postoperative pain management however, poorly controlled pain continues to pose a significant challenge. Non pharmacological methods could contribute to the unresolved postoperative pain management in assisting nurses’ routine care and minimizing the need formedication. The aim of the study was to assess nurses’ utilization of non-pharmacological methods in postoperative pain and the perceived barriers for their implementation at the National Hospitals.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 154 nurses working at the National Referral Hospitals and Sembel Private Hospital. A standardized five-point Likert-scale questionnaire which assesses nurses' utilization ofselected non-pharmacological methods and the perceived barriers for the implementation was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics for the demographic data, independent samples t-test, one way ANOVA and factorial ANOVAwere used to analyze the data. Statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results: The study found out that emotional support (45.5%), helping with daily activities (67.5%) and creating a comfortable environment (61%) were the most frequently used methods, while cognitive-behavioral (5.9%) and physical methods (5.8%) had less frequency. The results also showed , such as the nurses' age (p=0.013), education (p=0.012), work experience (p=0.001) and place of work (p=0.001), were significantly related to the use of non-pharmacological methods at bivariate level. However, hospitals had a statistical significance of (p<0.001) and were the only determinants of the non-pharmacological methods at multivariable level. On the perceived barriers;heavy work load (87.7%), shortage of time (84.4%), limited resources (82.5%), deficit in the guidelines for pain management (77.3%), patient’s uncooperative behavior (57.1%), language difference (64.4%),nurse’s lack of knowledge (50%) and experience (40.3%) wereidentified.Conclusion: Non-pharmacological methods on postoperative patients in the studied hospitals varied greatly due to experience and knowledge. The study recommends exposure and training for all health care providers at all level in order to appreciate the benefits of non-pharmacological methods applicable to postoperative pain management among patients. This could be achieved through on job training, seminars, scientific conferences and other brainstorming forums.
Compliance with COVID-19-Preventive Behaviours among&nbsp;Employees Returning to Work in the Post-Epidemic Period
Authors: Liu Jie , Tong Yan , Li Shaoqiong , Tian Zhiqiang , Lu He , Zheng Jianzhong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The emergence of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a global pandemic has had an impact on the lifestyle of people worldwide. Government measures aimed at containing the spread of the virus have been successful in many places, leading to a relaxation of these measures. To prevent the return of an outbreak in these places, people returning to the workforce are expected to follow proper health behaviours. Therefore, this study investigated COVID-19 related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of employees who are returning to work during the COVID-19 prevention and control period as well as their compliance with recommended COVID-19 preventive behaviours.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were gathered using an online questionnaire survey from March to May 2020 among 1,300 returning employees in China. Questionnaire items concerned participants’ COVID-19-related knowledge, compliance with recommended preventive behaviours, and levels of depression and anxiety. Univariate and multi-factor methods were used to analyse the data and identify factors influencing behaviour compliance.
Results
Six hundred and ninety-eight (53.7%) participants showed high compliance, and 602 (46.3%) showed low compliance. High education level (odds ratio [OR] = 5.598, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.846–16.976), white-collar occupation (OR = 1.992, 95% CI: 1.331–2.983), high knowledge of COVID-19 (OR = 1.704, 95% CI: 1.303–2.229), no anxiety (OR = 0.646, 95% CI: 0.463–0.901), and quarantining (OR = 1.320, 95% CI: 1.039–1.676) predicted better compliance with preventive behaviours (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Factors such as educational background, occupation, isolation, COVID-19 knowledge level, and psychological anxiety have an impact on the health behaviour of employees returning to work. For employees returning to work during the post-COVID-19-epidemic period, compliance with recommended health behaviours requires improvement. The provision of health education and psychological counselling and the continuance of a strict isolation policy could enhance such compliance.
Application of the PET ligand [11C]ORM-13070 to examine receptor occupancy by the α2C-adrenoceptor antagonist ORM-12741: translational validation of target engagement in rat and human brain&nbsp;
Authors: Shahid Mohammed , Rinne Juha O. , Scheinin Mika , Virta Jere , Marjamäki Päivi , Solin Olof , Arponen Eveliina , Sallinen Jukka , Kuokkanen Katja , Rouru Juha 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Availability of the α2C -adrenoceptor (α2C-AR) positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, [11C]ORM-13070, and the α2C-AR antagonist ORM-12741 allows probing of the roles of this G-protein coupled receptor subtype in brain function, both in healthy humans and in patients with various brain disorders. This translational study employed [11C]ORM-13070 autoradiography and PET to determine α2C-AR occupancy by ORM-12741 in rat and human brain, respectively. Results: ORM-12741 has high affinity (Ki: 0.08 nM) and potent antagonist activity (Kb: 0.04 nM) as well as selectivity (Ki estimates for the human α2A-AR and α2B-AR were 8.3 nM and 0.8 nM, respectively) for the human α2C-AR subtype. [11C]ORM-13070 had highest uptake in the basal ganglia of rat and human brain. Pretreatment with ORM-12741 inhibited [11C]ORM-13070 binding in rat striatum in a time- and dose-dependent manner at 10 and 50 µg/kg (s.c.) with an EC50 estimate of 1.42 ng/mL in rat plasma, corresponding to protein-free drug concentration of 0.23 nM. In the living human brain, time- and dose-related α2C-AR occupancy was detected with EC50 estimates of 24 ng/mL and 31 ng/mL for the caudate nucleus and putamen, respectively, corresponding to protein-free concentrations in plasma of 0.07 nM and 0.1 nM. Modelling-based maximum α2C-AR occupancy estimates were 63 % and 52 % in the caudate nucleus and the putamen, respectively. Conclusions: ORM-12741 is a selective α2C-AR antagonist which penetrates the rat and human brain to occupy α2C-ARs in a manner consistent with its receptor pharmacology. Trial registration number and date of registration: ClinicalTrial.cov NCT00829907. Registered 11 December 2008. https://clinicaltrials.gov/.
Influential Factors on Quality of Life in Married Iranian Women During The Covid-19 Pandemic in 2020: A Path Analysis
Authors: Zahra Daneshfar , Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , Samaneh Youseflu , Mahnaz Bahri Khomami , Anoshiravan Kazemnejad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of life (QoL) with anxiety, depression, corona disease anxiety, sexual function (SF), and marital satisfaction (MS) in married women during the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study involving n= 296 married women. We used the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Marital Satisfaction Scale (MSS), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and coronary disease anxiety questionnaire, as determinants of QoL for data collection. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis.Results: There was a relationship between the components of QoL with SF, anxiety, depression, MS, general health and contamination obsessions. The results of path analysis also showed that that SF, MS, anxiety, general health and corona-related anxiety have a direct effect on women’s QoL. General health has a more direct effect on QoL.Conclusion: The results of this study could help to planning to improve the QoL of women during the corona virus epidemic.
A novel prognostic model predicts overall survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on clinical features and blood biomarkers
Authors: Lai Changchun , Zhang Chunning , Lv Hualiang , Huang Hanqing , Ke Xia , Zhou Chuchan , Chen Hao , Chen Shulin , Zhou Lei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aims to develop and validate a novel prognostic model to estimate overall survival (OS) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients based on clinical features and blood biomarkers. We assessed the model’s incremental value to the TNM staging system, clinical treatment, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA copy number for individual OS estimation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 519 consecutive patients with NPC. A prognostic model was generated using the Lasso regression model in the training cohort (n= 346). Then we compared the predictive accuracy of the novel prognostic model with TNM staging, clinical treatment, and EBV DNA copy number using concordance index (C-index), time-dependent ROC (tdROC), and decision curve analysis (DCA). Subsequently, we built a nomogram for OS incorporating the prognostic model, TNM staging, and clinical treatment. Finally, we stratified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the model risk score, and the survival time of these two groups was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival plots. All results were validated in the independent validation cohort (n = 173). Results: Using the Lasso regression, we established a prognostic model consisting of 13 variables with respect to patient prognosis. The C-index, tdROC and DCA all showed that the prognostic model had good predictive accuracy and discriminatory power in the training cohort than did TNM staging, clinical treatment, and EBV DNA copy number. Nomogram consisting of the prognostic model, TNM staging, clinical treatment, and EBV DNA copy number showed some superior net benefit. Based on the model risk score, we split the patients into two subgroups: low-risk (risk score ≤ -1.423) and high-risk (risk score > -1.423). There were significant differences in OS between the two subgroups of patients. Similar results were observed in the validation cohort.Conclusions: The proposed novel prognostic model based on clinical features and serological markers represents a promising tool for estimating OS in NPC patients.
COVID-19-Associated Encephalitis: Systematic Review of Case ReportsFindings on Cytokine-Immune-Mediated Inflammation as an Underlying Mechanism
Authors: Siahaan Yusak M.T. , Puspitasari Vivien , Pangestu Aristo Rinaldi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background : Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily attacks the respiratory system resulting to a disease called coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), several studies also reported the involvement of the central nervous system along the course of the disease, one of which manifest as encephalitis. This study aims to determine the clinical profile, laboratory, and imaging results of encephalitis associated with COVID-19.Methods : Three databases namely, PubMed / Medline, Embase, and Scopus were systematically used in the search for this literature, in order to gather case reports and case series related to COVID-19-associated encephalitis published from January 1, 2019 to July 20, 2020.Result: There were 24 studies with 33 cases included in this review. The most reported neurological symptoms were disorientation / confusion (72.72%), decreased consciousness (54.54%), and seizures (27.27%). The laboratory examination showed an increase in the levels of C-reactive protein (48.48%), lactate dehydrogenase (30.3%), and lymphophenia (27.27%). The brain imaging examination did not show any pathological findings in half of the cases (51.51%). EEG (electroencephalography) showed a generalized decrease in 45.45% of the cases. The CSF analysis showed an increase in the levels of protein (42.42%) and lymphocytosis (24.24%). Positive cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was only found in 3 cases, while the most widely used pharmacological agent was hyroxychloroquine (48.48%). Intravenous steroids were given in 8 cases, while immunotherapy such as plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin were given in 10 cases. Fifteen patients were reported to be discharged from the hospital in stable conditions, while four mortality cases were recorded. Conclusion: The clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings in this review supported the hypothesis that the process of cytokine-immune mediated inflammation was the cause of cerebral damage in COVID-19-associated encephalitis, rather than direct invasion. However, due to the limited availabile facilities in this study, further research and examination are needed to confirm the hypothesis
“Caregiving is like on the job training but nobody has the manual”: Canadian caregivers’ perceptions of their roles within the healthcare system
Authors: Law Susan , Ormel Ilja , Babinski Stephanie , Kuluski Kerry , Quesnel-Vallée Amélie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Stepping into the role of an unpaid caregiver to offer help for a family member or friend is often considered a natural expectation of partners or family members. In Canada, the contributions of caregivers are substantial in healthcare provision but this comes at a considerable cost to the caregivers in both health and economic terms.
Methods
In this study, we conducted a secondary analysis of a collection of qualitative interviews with 39 caregivers of people with chronic physical illness to assess how they described their particular roles in caring for a loved one. We used a model of caregiving roles, originally proposed by Twigg in 1989, as a guide for our analysis, which specified three predominant roles for caregivers – as a resource, as a co-worker, and as a co-client.
Results
The caregivers in this collection spoke about their roles in ways that aligned well with these roles, but they also described tasks and activities that fit best with a fourth role of ‘care-coordinator’, which required that they assume an oversight role in coordinating care across institutions, care providers and often advocate for care in line with their expectations. For each of these types of roles, we have highlighted the limitations and challenges they described in their interviews.
Conclusions
We provide some examples of system-level policy and programs from different jurisdictions developed in recognition of the need to sustain caregivers in their role and respond to such limitations. We argue that a deeper understanding of the different roles that caregivers assume, as well as their challenges, can contribute to the design and implementation of policies and services that would support their contributions and choices as integral members of the care team.
Changes in Psychological Anxiety and Physiological Stress Hormones in Korea National Shooters
Authors: Park Sang-Hyuk , Lim Seung-Taek , Lee Eunjae 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background: Psychological and physiological management is closely related to the athlete's performance, especially the shooting competition. Thus, we aimed to investigate the changes of psychological anxiety and physiological stress hormones immediately before the shooting competition in Korea National shooters. Methods: Seventy-two Korea National Shooting athletes (Rifle = 62, Pistol = 8, Shotgun = 2) were recruited for the present study. The physiological stress hormones state was assessed based on saliva cortisol level, salivary immunoglobulin A level. The psychological stress state was assessed based on beck anxiety inventory questionnaire. Results: Significant higher cortisol concentration (p<.05) and cortisol secretion rate (p<.05) were in severe anxiety group. No significant SIgA concentration and SIgA secretion rate in among the groups. A positive correlation was found between BAI score and cortisol concentration (p<.05). Conclusions: This study indicates that changes of psychological anxiety and physiological stress hormones immediately before the shooting competition in Korea National shooters. Therefore, these finding provide preliminary evidence indicating that the psychological anxiety affective physiological stress, therefore negative effect on athletes' performance. Thus, research is needed to build a strategy to reduce physiological stress.
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Patients with Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica Infection: An Emerging Pathogen
Authors: Umair Abdullah , Nasir Nosheen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background:Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, formerly known as Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is a non-motile, non-fastidious, catalase and oxidase-positive, aerobic, glucose-non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus first defined by Elizabeth O. King in 1959. It has recently emerged as an opportunistic pathogen infecting people in the the extremes of age and the immunocompromised, especially in nosocomial settings. There has been an increased interest in this pathogen due to its rising occurrence around the world, its ubiquity in nature, and inherent capacity for antimicrobial resistance.Methods: We describe a retrospective case series at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan on patients admitted from January 2013 to December 2018 with Elizabethkingia meningoseptica infections. All patients identified to have any clinical culture specimen positive for Elizabethkingia meningoseptica were included. Data was collected on a structured proforma from the Hospital Information Management Systems (HIMS).Results:Sixteen patients with E. meningoseptica were identified. The mean Charlson’s co-morbidity index was 3.25. Nine patients had bacteremia with E. meningosepticum. Three of the isolates were extensively drug resistant with sensitivity only to minocycline. Nine out of 16 patients required intubation and mechanical ventilation. The median length of hospital stay was 13 days and four out of 16 patients died during hospital stay,Conclusion: This is the first case series from Pakistan reporting Elizabethkingia meningoseptica infections.
Postpartum Sexual Quality of Life: Scale Development and Psychometric Properties Assessment in Iran
Authors: Rahmani Azam , Grylka-Baeschlin Susanne , Fallahi Arezoo , Abboud Sarah , Gheshlagh Reza Ghanei , Allahqoli Leila , Alkatout Ibrahim 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To develop and assess the psychometric properties of the Postpartum Sexual Quality of Life Scale (PSQLS) in Iran.Methods: We employed a mixed-method approach. In the qualitative phase (17 interviews and two focus groups), we generated items for the scale. In the quantitative phase (n = 282), we assessed the psychometric properties of the pre-final version.Results: The final version contained 22 items. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a 5-factor solution that jointly accounted for 59.6 % of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.87.Conclusion: The PSQLS showed good validity and reliability and could be used to evaluate women’s postpartum sexual life.
SARS-CoV-2 gene content and COVID-19 mutation impact by comparing 44 Sarbecovirus genomes
Authors: Jungreis Irwin , Sealfon Rachel , Kellis Manolis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Despite its overwhelming clinical importance, the SARS-CoV-2 gene set remains unresolved, hindering dissection of COVID-19 biology. Here, we use comparative genomics to provide a high-confidence protein-coding gene set, characterize protein-level and nucleotide-level evolutionary constraint, and prioritize functional mutations from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We select 44 complete Sarbecovirus genomes at evolutionary distances ideally-suited for protein-coding and non-coding element identification, create whole-genome alignments, and quantify protein-coding evolutionary signatures and overlapping constraint. We find strong protein-coding signatures for all named genes and for 3a, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, 9b, and also ORF3c, a novel alternate-frame gene. By contrast, ORF10, and overlapping-ORFs 9c, 3b, and 3d lack protein-coding signatures or convincing experimental evidence and are not protein-coding. Furthermore, we show no other protein-coding genes remain to be discovered. Cross-strain and within-strain evolutionary pressures largely agree at the gene, amino-acid, and nucleotide levels, with some notable exceptions, including fewer-than-expected mutations in nsp3 and Spike subunit S1, and more-than-expected mutations in Nucleocapsid. The latter also shows a cluster of amino-acid-changing variants in otherwise-conserved residues in a predicted B-cell epitope, which may indicate positive selection for immune avoidance. Several Spike-protein mutations, including D614G, which has been associated with increased transmission, disrupt otherwise-perfectly-conserved amino acids, and could be novel adaptations to human hosts. The resulting high-confidence gene set and evolutionary-history annotations provide valuable resources and insights on COVID-19 biology, mutations, and evolution.