bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Event‐Related Potentials' Time Course of Associative Recognition in Autism
Authors: Desaunay Pierre , Clochon Patrice , Doidy Franck , Lambrechts Anna , Wantzen Prany , Wallois Fabrice , Mahmoudzadeh Mahdi , Guile Jean‐Marc , Guénolé Fabian , Baleyte Jean‐Marc , Eustache Francis , Bowler Dermot M. , Guillery‐Girard Bérengère 
Published: September 2020

Behavioral data on episodic recollection in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) point limited relational memory functioning. However, the involvement of successive memory processes in the profile of episodic memory in ASD needs more study. Here, we used event‐related potentials (ERP) to investigate the time course of episodic recollection with an associative recognition paradigm with picture pairs. Twenty‐two participants with ASD and 32 with typical development (TD), all right‐handed, were included. Behavioral results confirmed difficulties in correctly recognizing identical pairs in the ASD relative to TD group. We found an unexpected amplitude decrement on the P2 (220–270 msec) and FN400 (350–470 msec) potentials, suggesting diminished priming and familiarity effects in the ASD relative to TD group. However, ERP data revealed that the recognition of associative information relies on the same electrophysiological process (old/new effect in the 600–700‐msec late positive component) in ASD participants as in TD ones, with a parietal extension in the ASD group. These results suggest that the electrophysiological processes of associative recognition are qualitatively similar in individuals with and without ASD but may differ quantitatively. This difference may be driven by the reduced early processing of picture pairs that may in turn lead to their diminished integration into the semantic memory system, being partially compensated by a greater involvement of associative memory during the recollection process. Other studies would be useful to go further in identifying these cognitive processes involved in atypical recognition in ASD and their neural substrates. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1998‐2016. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLCLay SummaryWe identified diminished performance on the associative recognition of picture pairs in adolescents and young adults with autism when compared to typical development. Electrophysiological data revealed qualitative similarities but quantitative differences between‐group, with diminished priming and familiarity processes partially compensated by an enhanced parietal recollection process.
Localized Sampling Enables Monitoring of Cell State via Inline Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Chilmonczyk Mason A. , Doron Gilad , Kottke Peter A. , Culberson Austin L. , Leguineche Kelly , Guldberg Robert E. , Horwitz Edwin M. , Fedorov Andrei G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNascent advanced therapies, including regenerative medicine and cell and gene therapies, rely on the production of cells in bioreactors that are highly heterogeneous in both space and time. Unfortunately, advanced therapies have failed to reach a wide patient population due to unreliable manufacturing processes that result in batch variability and cost prohibitive production. This can be attributed largely to a void in existing process analytical technologies (PATs) capable of characterizing the secreted critical quality attribute (CQA) biomolecules that correlate with the final product quality. The Dynamic Sampling Platform (DSP) is a PAT for cell bioreactor monitoring that can be coupled to a suite of sensor techniques to provide real‐time feedback on spatial and temporal CQA content in situ. In this study, DSP is coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and direct‐from‐culture sampling to obtain measures of CQA content in bulk media and the cell microenvironment throughout the entire cell culture process (≈3 weeks). Post hoc analysis of this real‐time data reveals that sampling from the microenvironment enables cell state monitoring (e.g., confluence, differentiation). These results demonstrate that an effective PAT should incorporate both spatial and temporal resolution to serve as an effective input for feedback control in biomanufacturing.
Peripheral versus central mechanisms of the cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist AM1710 in a mouse model of neuropathic pain
Authors: Wilkerson Jenny L. , Alberti Lauren B. , Kerwin Audra A. , Ledent Catherine A. , Thakur Ganesh A. , Makriyannis Alexandros , Milligan Erin D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe CB2R agonist AM1710, examined in animal models of peripheral neuropathy, is effective in controlling aberrant light touch sensitivity, referred to as mechanical allodynia. However, nonspecific binding of AM1710 to CB1R, either peripherally or centrally, could be partially responsible for the analgesic effects of AM1710. Thus, we sought to determine in mice whether spinal (intrathecal; i.t.) or peripheral AM1710 administration could lead to anti‐allodynia by reducing the protein expression of spinal and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) proinflammatory cytokines and elevating the anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) in the absence of CB1R. Macrophage cell cultures were examined to characterize AM1710‐mediated suppression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). Either i.p. or i.t. AM1710 reversed CCI‐induced mechanical allodynia to sham levels in CB1R (−/−), (+/−), (+/+) mice. CCI‐induced neuropathy decreased IL‐10 immunoreactivity (IR) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, with i.t. AM1710 restoring basal IL‐10 IR. CCI‐induced elevations in proinflammatory cytokine IR were decreased within the spinal cord only after i.t. AM1710 in all mouse genotypes. Meanwhile, within DRG tissue from neuropathic mice, proinflammatory cytokines were decreased following either i.p. or i.t. AM1710. Analysis of cultured supernatants revealed AM1710 decreased TNF‐alpha protein. We conclude that CB1R is dispensable for either peripheral or central anti‐allodynic actions of AM1710 in neuropathic mice. Cannabinoid CB2R agonists produce heightened spinal IL‐10 which may be clinically relevant to successfully treat neuropathic pain.
BUB1B promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway
Authors: Qiu Jiannan , Zhang Shaopeng , Wang Peng , Wang Hao , Sha Bowen , Peng Hao , Ju Zheng , Rao Jianhua , Lu Ling 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsAccumulating studies identified that BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B) is integrally involved in the initiation and development of tumors. Nevertheless, the precise biological role and underlying mechanisms of BUB1B in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain indistinct.MethodTo figure out the role of BUB1B in HCC, we first assessed its expression using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases. We then verified BUB1B expression in HCC tissues, nontumor tissues, and HCC cell lines through western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry. To explore the specific function of BUB1B in HCC in vivo and in vitro, we performed the flow cytometry, Cell Counting Kit‐8, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine incorporation, colony formation, Transwell, wound‐healing, subcutaneous tumor growth, and metastasis assays. Additionally, we identified the BUB1B‐regulated pathways involved in HCC by using gene set enrichment analysis.ResultsOur data displayed that higher BUB1B expression was detected in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines. The overexpression of BUB1B was positively correlated with adverse clinicopathological characteristics. Survival analyses showed that lower recurrence‐free and overall survival rates were correlated with the overexpression of BUB1B in patients with HCC. Moreover, the malignancy of HCC was facilitated by BUB1B both in vivo and in vitro. Lastly, the results were confirmed by western blots, which showed that BUB1B upregulated mTORC1 signaling pathway in HCC. Meanwhile, the oncogenic effect of BUB1B will be impaired when the mTORC1 signaling pathway was inhibited by rapamycin.ConclusionWe highlighted that BUB1B played an oncogenic role in HCC and was identified as a possible clinical prognostic factor and a potential novel therapeutic target for HCC.
Utility of a multigene testing for preoperative evaluation of indeterminate thyroid nodules: A prospective blinded single center study in China
Authors: Song Yuntao , Xu Guohui , Ma Tonghui , Zhu Yanli , Yu Hao , Yu Wenbin , Wei Wei , Wang Tianxiao , Zhang Bin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThyroid nodules are highly prevalent, with fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) commonly used as the standard preoperative tool for their diagnosis. However, the method classifies some of the samples as indeterminate, leading to unnecessary surgery. In this study, we evaluated the value of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) for cancer diagnosis in indeterminate thyroid nodules.Materials and methodsWe performed a prospective, blinded cohort study on 189 patients, with 196 Bethesda III/IV nodules. Specifically, we analyzed DNA mutations and RNA fusions across the FNA samples using NGS, then reviewed follow‐up reports from 84 nodules following definitive surgery, to determine the assay performance.ResultsEnough DNA and RNA were obtained in 188 nodules, revealing mutations or fusions in 34.6% of them. The most frequently mutated genes were RAS, followed by BRAF V600E. Based on surgical pathology, 39% (33/84) and 4.8% (4/84) of the nodules were malignant and intermediate, respectively. According to the risk stratification criteria, 28 cases were categorized High‐Risk group, all of the resected nodules (n = 20) were malignant. Twenty‐four thyroid nodules were in the Low‐Risk group, 28.6% (4/14) surgically removed nodules were malignant. In the Benign‐Like category, 18.0% (9/50) were malignant. Five out of 13 nodules with benign mutations were resected, including SPOP, EZH1, and ZNF148, all of them were benign. If genetic alterations annotated with High‐Risk or Low‐Risk was considered as positive, and negative if Benign‐Like. Multigene testing revealed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 73%, 80%, 71%, and 82%, respectively. In addition, if four intermediate nodules were counted as malignant, the PPV and NPV were 71% and 74%.ConclusionOur results allow for further stratification of Bethesda III/IV thyroid nodules based on the risk of their malignancy. SPOP, EZH1, and ZNF148 mutations may be used as benign markers.
Giant cell glioblastoma in 6‐year‐old kid: Report of an unusual case
Authors: Shrestha Suraj , Homagain Sushan , Raut Akash , Sedhain Gopal , Bhatta Suraj , Shrivastav Shreya 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPediatric giant cell glioblastoma, a highly malignant and lethal tumor, can only be distinguished from glioblastoma multiforme histologically. Though it is said to have a better prognosis, adequate evidence in favor is lacking. Early diagnosis with gross total resection and adjuvant chemotherapy might increase the survival period.
Symmetrical peripheral gangrene: A rare clinical entity
Authors: Macheka Kudzai T. , Masamha Tasimbanashe , Mungani Hopewell , Kumirayi Linda 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSymmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) may present initially with septicemia. Prompt identification and management of the underlying cause of SPG is central for the best outcome. Good management incorporates delaying early surgical intervention, suitable antibiotic therapy, judicious debridement, and skin grafting.
A challenging management of hemophilia B patient with inhibitors undergoing major orthopedic surgeries in a resource‐constrained country
Authors: Matrane Wafaa , Nsiri Afak , Rafai Mohamed , Midmani Fatima , Boughaza Nada , Cherkaoui Siham , Qachouh Meryem , Khoubila Nisrine 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we report a life‐threatening condition and relate our experience in managing a hemophilia B patient who required three surgical procedures, highlighting the difficulties we encountered in our setting and propose some tangible.
When a patient walks in with a knife in his back: A scene from the movies
Authors: Shah Tuhin , Shakya Arjana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStab injury is a relatively common assault mode especially in developing countries. Having a preset protocol to follow with multidisciplinary departmental involvement whenever necessary helps with better management and outcome. It is important to rule out injury to the major neurovascular structures in such a presentation both clinically and by investigations.
The Role of Acidity in Terephthalic Acid Synthesis from Renewable Carbon Source
Authors: Trandafir Mihaela‐Mirela , Neaţu Stefan , Bocîrnea Amelia , Counsell Jonathan , Cavani Fabrizio , Florea Mihaela , Neaţu Florentina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, manganese‐cobalt (MnCo) mixed oxide catalysts were prepared by two different routes: co‐precipitation and citrate method. The structures and properties of the mixed oxide catalysts were investigated by several techniques: nitrogen adsorption‐desorption isotherms, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SEM, FTIR and UV‐Vis spectroscopies, temperature‐programmed reduction with H2 (H2‐TPR) and temperature‐programmed desorption of NH3 (NH3‐TPD). Their catalytic performance was investigated in the liquid‐phase selective oxidation of naturally occurred p‐cymene to terephthalic acid, as an alternative to p‐xylene, a fossil derivative fuel component. Within this study, we demonstrate that the materials prepared by the co‐precipitation method present strong acid sites that boost the oxidation rate and allow oxidation of p‐cymene up to terephthalic acid. The co‐existence of a significant number of strong acid and centers in higher oxidation state (Co3+) are required for these materials to be selective.
Porous Boron Nitride as a Weak Solid Base Catalyst
Authors: Nakamura Shohei , Takagaki Atsushi , Watanabe Motonori , Yamada Kanta , Yoshida Masaaki , Ishihara Tatsumi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPorous boron nitride was synthesized by pyrolysis from boric acid and urea mixed in varying molar ratios. The boron nitride prepared had high surface areas ranging from 376 to 647 m2 g−1 with both microporous and mesoporous structures. The sample prepared with a urea‐to‐boric acid molar ratio of 5 exhibited the highest pore volume with the highest surface area of mesopores. Boron‐K edge X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy revealed that the surface structure consisted of BN3 sites along with BN2O, BNO2, and BO3 sites. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the formation of amino and hydroxyl groups on the surface. Analysis using color indicator reagents and deuterated chloroform‐adsorbed FTIR results indicated that the porous boron nitride had very weak base sites of strength +7.2>H−≥+6.3. Porous boron nitride exhibited a high activity for the nitroaldol reaction with a high selectivity for nitroalkene (>97 %). A good correlation was observed between the catalytic activity of the boron nitride catalysts and their porous structures.
Electrochemical Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C—H Amination of 2‐Amidobiaryls for Synthesis of Carbazoles
Authors: Wang Qingqing , Zhang Xiaojing , Wang Pan , Gao Xinlong , Zhang Heng , Lei Aiwen 
Published: September 2020

Main observation and conclusionThe synthesis of carbazoles based on the electrochemical Pd‐catalyzed intramolecular C—H amination of 2‐amidobiaryls through oxidative cross coupling has been achieved under mild reaction conditions. The reaction can be carried out in undivided cell without the addition of external chemical oxidant. Besides good functional group compatibility, the desired carbazoles can be scaled up and modified easily. Compared with previous methods, this protocol affords a simple and sustainable avenue for the construction of carbazoles.
Gold‐Nanoparticle‐Decorated Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Dhakshinamoorthy Amarajothi , Navalón Sergio , Asiri Abdullah M. , Garcia Hermenegildo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractConfinement of Au nanoparticles (NPs) within the porous materials with few nanometers (2‐3 nm) has been a well established research area in the past decades in heterogeneous catalysis mainly due to the unique behaviour of Au NPs than its bulk counterpart. In this aspect, Au NPs encapsulated within the pore volumes of metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have been intensively explored as heterogeneous solid catalysts for wide range of reactions. In recent years, Au NPs confined within the porous MOFs along with the photosensitizer or drug have been effectively used for the treatment of tumor cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species via cascade reactions. This work highlights the benefits of MOFs pores in the preparation of nanomedicine with high efficiency by assembling Au NPs, photosensitizer/drug with the combination of laser either for imaging or treatment of tumor cells. Further, the existing literature is grouped based on the nature of porous materials employed in the preparation of nanomedicine. The final section comments on our view on future developments in the field.
Programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)/thyroid transcription factor‐1 double immunohistochemical staining facilitates scoring of tumor PD‐L1 expression in cytopathology specimens from lung adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Lin Yen‐Yu , Lin Li‐Ya , Hang Jen‐Fan , Lin Chia‐Hung , Ho Hsiang‐Ling , Chou Teh‐Ying 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has revolutionized lung adenocarcinoma therapy. Treatment with antibodies against the immune checkpoint molecules programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) can induce a durable response in a subset of patients. Immunohistochemistry characterization of tumor PD‐L1 expression using either a histopathology specimen or a cytopathology specimen has been shown to correlate with treatment response. However, the current practice relies on pathologists' visual estimation of tumor PD‐L1 staining, which can be variable in certain conditions. Highlighting tumor cells via double immunostaining with PD‐L1 and thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1) may improve estimation accuracy.MethodsWe performed PD‐L1 single staining and PD‐L1/TTF‐1 double staining in 42 pairs of cytopathology and histopathology specimens from lung adenocarcinoma patients. An experienced pathologist visually estimated PD‐L1 expression in each case and placed tumor PD‐L1 expression into 1 of 3 categories: <1%, 1%‐49%, or ≥50%. A medical technologist also performed estimations of the same cases based on a count of 200 tumor cells, and the results were compared.ResultsPD‐L1/TTF‐1 double immunohistochemistry could better identify the PD‐L1–positive tumor cells in cytopathology specimens compared with PD‐L1 single staining. The concordance of PD‐L1 expression categorization between the pathologist's visual estimation and the medical technologist's counting was increased by double staining in cytopathology specimens (Cohen's weighted kappa: single stain, 0.784; double stain, 0.880). Double staining reduced possible error in the pathologist's visual estimation of PD‐L1 expression from 9.5% to 4.8%. The benefit was not observed in histopathology specimens.ConclusionA simple PD‐L1/TTF‐1 double immunohistochemistry technique can be applied successfully to cytopathology specimens in better identifying patients who can potentially benefit from immune checkpoint blockade treatment.
Detection of memory‐ and learning‐related brain connectivity changes following trace eyeblink‐conditioning using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging in the awake rabbit
Authors: Bertolino Nicola , Procissi Daniele , Disterhoft John F , Weiss Craig 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAnimal imaging studies have the potential to further establish resting‐state fMRI (rs‐fMRI) and enable its validation for clinical use. The rabbit subjects used in this work are an ideal model system for studying learning and behavior and are also an excellent established test subject for awake scanning given their natural tolerance for restraint. We found that analysis of rs‐fMRI conducted on a cohort of rabbits undergoing eyeblink conditioning can reveal functional brain connectivity changes associated with learning, and that rs‐fMRI can be used to capture differences between subjects with different levels of cognitive performance. rs‐fMRI sessions were conducted on a cohort of rabbits before and after trace eyeblink conditioning. MRI results were analyzed using independent component analysis (ICA) and network analysis. Behavioral data were collected with standard methods using an infrared reflective sensor aimed at the cornea to detect blinks. Behavioral results were analyzed, and a median split was used to create two groups of rabbits based on their performance. The cohort of rabbits undergoing eyeblink conditioning exhibited increased functional connectivity in the cingulate cortex, retrosplenial cortex, and thalamus consistent with brain reorganization associated with increased learning. Differences in the striatum and right cerebellum were also identified between rabbits in the top or bottom halves of the group as measured by the behavioral assay. Thus, rs‐fMRI can provide not only a tool to detect and monitor functional brain changes associated with learning, but also to discriminate between different levels of cognitive performance.
Genetic Manipulation of Vibrio fischeri
Authors: Christensen David G. , Tepavčević Jovanka , Visick Karen L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVibrio fischeri is a nonpathogenic organism related to pathogenic Vibrio species. The bacterium has been used as a model organism to study symbiosis in the context of its association with its host, the Hawaiian bobtail squid Euprymna scolopes. The genetic tractability of this bacterium has facilitated the mapping of pathways that mediate interactions between these organisms. The protocols included here describe methods for genetic manipulation of V. fischeri. Following these protocols, the researcher will be able to introduce linear DNA via transformation to make chromosomal mutations, to introduce plasmid DNA via conjugation and subsequently eliminate unstable plasmids, to eliminate antibiotic resistance cassettes from the chromosome, and to randomly or specifically mutagenize V. fischeri with transposons. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Transformation of V. fischeri with linear DNABasic Protocol 2: Plasmid transfer into V. fischeri via conjugationSupport Protocol 1: Removing FRT‐flanked antibiotic resistance cassettes from the V. fischeri genomeSupport Protocol 2: Eliminating unstable plasmids from V. fischeriAlternate Protocol 1: Introduction of exogenous DNA using a suicide plasmidAlternate Protocol 2: Site‐specific transposon insertion using a suicide plasmidAlternate Protocol 3: Random transposon mutagenesis using a suicide plasmid