bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the intention to vaccinate with MMR among pregnant women from the City of Rome
Authors: Rosso A , Massimi A , Baccolini V , Pitini E , Marzuillo C , Vito C De , Villari P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Further to the increase in measles cases reported in Italy since 2016, MMR vaccination became mandatory in 2017, leading to an increase in vaccination coverage in the Country. To guarantee sustained coverage, factors influencing the intention to vaccinate in the population should be better understood.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess knowledge and attitudes on pediatric vaccinations and intention to vaccinate among pregnant women attending Antenatal Classes in Rome, through distribution of a self-administered questionnaire, which included a specific section on MMR vaccination. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the determinants of the intention to vaccinate with MMR.

Results
A total of 458 pregnant women attending CANs in 36 family health centers and two hospitals answered the survey. Intention to vaccinate with MMR was associated with having received information from a healthcare professional (OR 1.92, 95%CI 1.01-3.63), the perceived importance of vaccines to protect against measles (OR 4.68, 95%CI 2.48- 9.54) and rubella (OR 5.97, 95%CI 2.98-11.95), not believing in news about the risks of MMR vaccine (OR 2.75, 95%CI 1.38-5.50), and the sense of guilt in case the child should contract the disease (OR 2.56, 95%CI 1.16-5.62). Factors negatively associated with the intention to vaccinate were the use of alternative medicine (OR 0.34, 95%CI 0.16- 0.76), believing that MMR vaccine can have serious side effects (OR 0.37, 95%CI 0.00-0.29) and guilt in case of serious side effects (OR 0.40, 95%CI 0.21-0.76).

Conclusions
Fear of MMR side effects is a relevant driver of the intention to vaccinate, coupled with the perceived importance to vaccinate to protect against measles and rubella. Also the source of information plays an important role in shaping ideas on vaccines. Information and communication strategies should be promoted to increase trust in vaccines, with a direct involvement of healthcare workers.

Key messages
Fear of MMR side effects and perceived benefits of the vaccine influence the intention to vaccinate. Information and communication strategies to increase vaccination appectance involving healthcare workers are needed.
HCV test&treat in Milan prisons-an effective strategy for microelimination and health gaps reduction
Authors: Casigliani V , Giuliani R , Sebastiani T , Arzilli G , Scardina G , Tavoschi L , Ranieri R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
People in prison represent a high-risk population for HCV infection control due the overrepresentation of people with a history of intravenous drug use, psychiatric patients and other vulnerable populations who have often reduced access to healthcare. With the advent of new direct antiviral agents (DAAs) HCV micro-elimination in prison setting became a feasible strategy.

Methods
We conducted in 2017 and 2018 a cross-sectional evaluation of HCV treatment cascade in one detention prison, Opera (OP), and one pre-trial detention center, San Vittore (SV) in Milan. A dedicated protocol for HCV eligibility and care was applied. We collected data on demographics, HCV testing and treatment on all inmates on October 31st 2017 and 2018. Data collection ended on December 31st of each year.

Results
On October 31st 2017, 2366 inmates were living in the two facilities, 2369 in 2018, of these, 1036 (43,7%) were already present in 2017 (71,3% in OP; 28,7% in SV). In both years the majority were men (95.4%; 96,4%) with a median age of 41 years and Italians (57%; 61,9%). Prevalence of reported drug use remained high (46,5%; 44,2%). HCV screening coverage was 89% in both years, while HCV-RNA test coverage increased (90,6%; 99%). HCV Ab+ was stable (212, 10.1%; 194, 9,2%). At the end of 2017 and 2018, 106 (50%) and 117 (60,3%) started treatment eligibility process of which 90 (42,4%) and 106 (54,6%) completed DAAs in prison. Considering last available viremia, 41 inmates (19,3%) were viremic in 2017 (OP 16.1%; SV 24,4%), while only 13 inmates (6,7%) in 2018 (OP &lt; 1%, SV 15,4%). On December 31st 2018, among HCV Ab+ detainees 122 (62,9%) were never linked to care before incarceration.

Conclusions
Our study shows the success of the HCV testing and treatment strategy to achieve HCV micro-elimination in a prison setting with a significant drop in the pool of viremic individuals. We highlight how prison health care may represent a unique point of access for vulnerable population.

Key messages
HCV micro-elimination is a feasible and effective strategy in prison settings. High-quality healthcare in prison contributes to reduce health gaps and improve access for socially deprived population.
Healthy behaviours and risk of all-cause mortality
Authors: Lahti J , Mauramo E , Lahelma E , Lallukka T , Pietiläinen O , Salmela J , Salonsalmi A , Rahkonen O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Healthy behaviours are associated with better health in general but less is known about the combined associations of multiple healthy behaviours with mortality risk. We aimed to examine the associations of combined healthy behaviours with mortality risk over a 15-year follow-up among middle-aged employees.

Methods
Survey data, collected in 2000–2002 among 40–60-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland, was linked with complete register data on mortality from Statistics Finland (response rate 67%, written informed consent for register linkages 74%). Healthy behaviours included high leisure-time physical activity, non-smoking, no binge drinking and healthy food habits. Each healthy behaviour were dichotomized and assigned a value of one for healthy and zero for unhealthy. The number of healthy behaviours were summed together (score range 0-4). Cox regression models were fitted, and the follow-up continued until the end of 2015 (n = 6336). Confounders included age, sex, marital status, socioeconomic position and self-rated health.

Results
Of the respondents, 7% reported four healthy behaviours, 27% three, 34% two, 22% one and 9% no healthy behaviours. A total of 281 deaths occurred during the follow-up. Each healthy behaviour was individually associated with a reduced mortality risk, non-smoking having the strongest and healthy diet the weakest association. The combined association showed that those without any of the healthy behaviours (HR 2.8, 95% CI 1.51-5.29) and those with only one healthy behaviour (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.04-3.43) had a higher mortality risk than those with four healthy behaviours. Instead, those with at least two healthy behaviours were not at an increased risk of mortality.

Conclusions
A low number of healthy behaviours predicted mortality among middle-aged employees. Efforts should be made to promote multiple healthy behaviours among the middle-aged to enhance health and prevent premature mortality.

Key messages
Almost one third of the respondents had no or only one healthy behaviour. A low number of healthy behaviours was associated with an increased risk of mortality.
Electronic cigarette use and smoking reduction – longitudinal data from CONSTANCES cohort study
Authors: Gomajee R , El-Khoury F , Goldberg M , Zins M , Lemogne C , Wiernik E , Lequy-Flahault E , Romanello L , Kousignian I , Melchior M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aims
Electronic cigarettes are often used by smokers to stop smoking and former smokers to prevent relapse. We examined whether electronic cigarette use lead to smoking reduction and cessation among smokers, and relapse among former smokers.

Design and Settings
The CONSTANCES cohort, France (2012 - ongoing).

Measurements
Among smokers (N = 5,400, average follow-up of 23.4 months), mixed regression models were used to examine whether electronic cigarette use was linked to a decrease in the number of cigarettes smoked per day and Poisson regression models with sandwich variance estimators were used to test smoking cessation. In parallel, Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the relationship between electronic cigarettes use and smoking relapse among former smokers who stopped smoking since 2010 (N = 2,025, average follow-up of 22.1 months), year in which electronic cigarettes were introduced in France. All statistical analyses were adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics, duration of follow-up, and smoking characteristics.

Findings
There was a significantly higher decrease in the number of cigarettes smoked/day among smokers who used electronic cigarettes (decrease of 4.4 cigarettes/day) compared to those who did not (decrease of 2.7 cigarettes/day), as well as a higher relative risk of smoking cessation (adjusted RR: 1.67 [95% CI: 1.51-1.84]). At the same time, among former smokers, EC use was associated with an increase in the rate of smoking relapse (adjusted HR = 1.70 [95% CI: 1.25-2.30]).

Conclusions
After a follow-up of approximately 2 years, electronic cigarettes use among smokers was associated to a decrease in smoking level and an increase in smoking cessation attempts but among former smokers it was associated to a higher risk of smoking relapse.

Key messages
Among smokers, electronic cigarette use was associated to smoking reduction and smoking cessation. Among former smokers who quit smoking since 2010, electronic cigarette use was associated to a higher likelihood of relapse.
An innovative rehabilitating meals-on-wheels service for frail old people
Authors: Due A , Justesen L , Beck A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Preparing meals are part of ordinary activities of daily living. However, frail old people receiving meals-on-wheels (MOW) may lose their functional abilities in relation to such preparation. No studies have investigated, whether it is possible for frail old people, receiving MOW to learn or relearn to manage own meals. The aim of this intervention is to investigate if a rehabilitating MOW service including an innovative food basket could have a positive effect on functional abilities in relation to the preparation of meals and thereby improve health-related quality of life in frail old people.

Methods
An 8-week randomized controlled trial. 76 old people (65+ years old) who receive MOW are randomized to either a control group receiving usual MOW service or an intervention group additionally receiving one of four different food baskets consisting of four different food ingredients and recipes with graduation in degree of complexity delivered twice a week. The recipes is chosen in accordance with level of function, assessed by means of AMPS and the old adult practice cooking skills under supervision of an experienced occupational therapist. Primary outcome is health-related quality of life measured by EuroQol-5D-5L, secondary outcomes are physical function (30 seconds chair-stand), Satisfaction with food-related quality of life questionnaire, Food related functional ability questionnaire, Meal quality questionnaire, dietary intake and body weight.

Results
The intervention is ongoing and planned to end July 2019. Data will undergo statistical analyses and presented in November 2019.

Conclusions
The study will contribute with new knowledge about whether a rehabilitating MOW service including an innovative food basket could have a positive effect on functional abilities in relation to the preparation of meals and thereby improve health-related quality of life in frail old people.
More variable food and nutrition services for young old
Authors: Mertanen E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aging population means more costs on health services by frailty, illnesses and malnutrition. Good nutrition and suitable food services can prevent life quality loss and costly consequences. The young old, retired and home living, not receiving municipal services yet, could benefit minor nutritional support and new services helping them keep functionality. However, few services are targeting the young old. Providing new food or nutrition services for people still in good condition might prevent costly care later. The aim is to identify new service ideas and designs for the young old. The project started as part of Agefood-project (Valve et al 2018) and continued with students in 2019.

Methods
The service ideas and designs were produced in three future workshops, in Jyväskylä (n = 38, food service professionals, service developers, nutritionists), Mikkeli (n = 15, food service and home care professionals, elderly) and Lahti (n = 11, elderly and nutritionist) in 2018. In the next phase, service designs were further developed by students. The service ideas and designs are categorized and analyzed qualitatively.

Results
Together 443 new service ideas were produced, and 56 preliminary service designs. The student group produced 77 service designs. The categories of ideas are: choosing possibilities, developing meal quality, guiding and education, technological possibilities, eating together, support, and old services. The service designs were classified the following groups: home delivered food, service supports eating at home, technological solutions, eating together.

Discussion
Many ideas and designs need co-operation with public health people and business. The service ideas and designs need further development, but some are very promising, like personal nutrition trainer, e-learning for elderly care personnel. Better and more variable food and nutrition services can help people live at home longer. The ideas and service designs mirror the public discussion on the time.
Greening the European Public Health conferences – The Green Club
Authors: Mamo J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
EUPHA members prepared a discussion paper on EUPHA’s “health and environment awareness” in 2015, presented it to the EUPHA section council, and conducted a workshop at the European Public Health (EPH) conference in Vienna 2016. Following this initiative, the Association determined that greening the conferences is one of the objectives for the EPH Conference strategy for 2017-2020. A “Green club” was set up by the Executive director in 2017.
For reducing the environmental impact of the conference, the following were some of the early objectives and actions (2016): Catering - Coffee and tea served in recycled cups; most lunch ingredients from regional and organic origin. Reduced printing - Switching to E-Posters, digital marketing and email communication. Paperless communication - Abstract submission, registration and invoicing became fully web-based; the Conference Programme and abstracts could henceforth be accessed online. The Conference Bag was made of recycled materials.
With the EPH conferences in Stockholm 2017 and Ljubljana 2018, advised by the Green Club, the following initiatives were taken: Lunches and Conference Dinner no longer served beef; vegan and vegetarian menus were introduced. Reduced printing - By 2018, the option to have a hard copy of the list of delegates was no longer offered. The conference Foundation encouraged its suppliers to limit the environmental impact of their products and services. In Stockholm, all restaurants at the venue were licensed to use the Nordic Ecolabel. All delegates and participants were encouraged to travel CO2 neutral.
For Ljubljana in 2018, the Green club consulted the WHO Europe publication “Planning Healthy and Sustainable Meetings” and considered initiatives that participants could do for compensating their environmental impact. For the 2019 conference, discussions are intended to involve a wider conference participation.
Strengthening public health research capacity to inform evidence-based policies in Tunisia / CONFIDE
Authors: Bozdog M E , Coman M A , Oltean O , Chereches R M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Over the past 15 years, Tunisia has experienced considerable development in the political and economic areas. In this context, important reforms in the field of public health have been made, with the Tunisian universities (University of Sfax, University of Tunis el Manar, University of Sousse) on their way to educate the public health professionals who can contribute to the modernization of the health system. Funded by the EC through Erasmus+ programme, the CONFIDE project (coordinated by Babes-Bolyai University, having European partners the Southern Denmark University and Trnava University) has 3 major objectives: develop Centres for Evidence into Health Policy (C4EHPs) designed to ease future collaborations; strengthen institutional capacity to deliver state-of-the-art research into policy training program; consolidate national and local partnerships between the public health academic and non-academic sector.

The progress
The partners have jointly contributed to the following activities: development of the Centre for Evidence into Public Health Policy, 3 train-the-trainer sessions, 9 train-the-trainees sessions, internships for trainees, one policy game. To this date, 18 trainers have been trained by European partner universities and they trained 29 Tunisian trainees in the field of public health research, health promotion and evidence-based public health policy. The trainees will participate in internships in local and regional health institutions, to practice what they have learned. A policy game will be organized, to simulate collaboration between researchers and policy makers, for public health policy elaboration.

Conclusions
The Research into Policy training program has been implemented in all 3 Tunisian partner universities. The expected long-term changes are: young workforce trained into public health and evidence-based policies fields; university curricula modifications by introducing public health courses and developing of Masters of Public Health.
Centres for Evidence-base Public Health in Tunisia- development, tasks and opportunities
Authors: Fatma C , Mokni A , Ayadi A , Ghorbel F , Bouthelja N , Mseddi A , Elleuch E , Trabelsi J , Mustapha A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
As a part of the CONFIDE project, 3 Centres for Evidence into Health Policy (C4EHPs) were established in the Universities of Sfax (Head Office), of Tunis El Manar and of Sousse in Tunisia. The tasks of the C4EHPs include development of training programs, establishment of a national network of public institutions and NGOs, which will offer internship placements for the centres’ trainees as well as enhance public health development in Tunisia in general.

The progress
The 3 Centres were established, each with the necessary infrastructures of specially designated rooms equipped with computers, books, etc. A communication platform was launched and is regularly updated. Partnership agreements with NGOs and private institutions have been signed. The C4EHPs have supported three Train-the-Trainer modules for 18 Tunisian trainers ran by the 3 European CONFIDE partners, autumn 2018. The centres have each further trained 29 Trainees under the supervision of the European partners, spring 2019.

Conclusions
The 3 C4EHPs will act as an open source for all trainees interested in enhancing their practical work experience, networking between academic and non-academic environment and facilitating the implementation of the trainee internships. They will also market the CONFIDE products in Tunisia with the aim to sustain the public health development also after CONFIDE. In addition, the centres will search for further international funding for both training and collaborative research, according to the research domain of each faculty. The C4EHP of Sfax will be specialized in the areas of addiction, obesity, emerging infectious diseases and the quality of public health management in rural areas. The challenges of this work include lack of infrastructure and economic resources in Tunisia, lack of multi-level and cross-sectorial collaboration in public health as well as lack of stakeholder collaboration with NGOs and other non-governmental actors in public health.
Workshop: Best practice portals for public health policies and interventions
Authors:   Organised by: Federal Centre for Health Education, Germany, National Institute of Public Health, Netherlands, EuroHealthNet
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
To support policy and practice with evidence-based information, several countries have best practice portals for public health interventions. Some of the portals were started recently (France) and other portals exist already for several years now (Netherlands). All the countries face the same challenges, which relate to how to identify the relevant practices, the assessment of the practices (how to achieve an inclusive portal while maintaining high quality), and the implementation and the use of the practices by professionals and policymakers (integrity vs. adaptation of the best practices). In addition to best practice portals the organisations are also working on the development of What works approaches.

Objective
The organisers will share their experiences with the development and implementation of best practice portals, and discuss the successes and challenges with the workshop participants.
Three countries (the Netherlands, France and Germany) will present the successes and challenges of their best practice portal, and, as an example of a joint European approach, EuroHealthNet will discuss both joint and independent approaches from a European perspective. At the end of the workshop we will discuss the challenges and invite other countries to share their experiences and successes with best practice portals and providing evidence for policy and practice.
With the objective to: Present the procedure and the assessment criteria of evaluating practices for inclusion in the portalsPresent the implementation and the use of best practices as well as the acceptance of the portalsDiscuss the issues of integrity and adaptation and how to assess the core elements of effective interventionsDiscuss the development of what works approaches (description of evidence in a short and accessible way) and their added value to best practice portalsDiscuss the value added of best practice portals, including promotion of their use by professionals and policymakers

Key messages
This workshop will give participants insight into best practice portals developed across Europe. It will discuss how countries identify and select good practice and evidence-based preventive interventions as well as the successes and challenges of such portals.