bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of the Genus Saururus
Authors: Liu Guangxin , Zhao Zefeng , Shen Meilun , Zhao Xue , Xie Jing , He Xirui , Li Cuiqin 
Published: January 2020

The genus Saururus, belonging to Saururaceae, contains two species, S. cernuus L. and S. chinensis (Lour) Baill. with common utilization in traditional medicine from Asia to North America for the treatment of edema, beriberi, jaundice, leucorrhea, urinary tract infections, hypertension, hepatitis diseases, and tumors. An extensive review of literature was made on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and ethnopharmacology of Saururus using ethno-botanical books, published articles, and electronic databases. The 147 of chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from S. cernuus and S. chinensis, and lignans, flavonoids, alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, and phenols are the major constituents. Various pharmacological investigations in many in vitro and in vivo models have revealed the potential of the genus Saururus with anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, antimelanogenic, lipid-lowering, and bone protective activities, supporting the rationale behind numerous of its traditional uses. Due to the noteworthy pharmacological properties, Saururus can be a better option for new drug discovery. Data regarding many aspects of this plant such as toxicology, pharmacokinetics, quality-control measures, and the clinical value of the active compounds is still limited which call for additional studies.
We've Only Just Begun
Authors: Armstrong Deborah J. 
Published: January 2020

It is a new year and a new editorial team. We are pleased to introduce the editors-in-chief for The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems for the next three years: Deb Armstrong and Tom Stafford.
The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems has been in continuous publication since 1969, marking it as one of the longest-published research journals in the field of information systems. Having just celebrated our 50th year of publication, we are pleased to begin our editorial term with initiatives intended to continue to move The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems toward an even more impactful and notable presence in the field of information systems scholarship and practice. We have truly only just begun!
Fibrotic liver has prompt recovery after ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Konishi Takanori , Schuster Rebecca M. , Goetzman Holly S. , Caldwell Charles C. , Lentsch Alex B. 
Published: January 2020

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a major complication of liver resection, trauma, and liver transplantation; however, liver repair after I/R in diseased liver has not been studied. The present study sought to determine the manner in which the fibrotic liver repairs itself after I/R. Liver fibrosis was established in mice by CCl4 administration for 6 wk, and then liver I/R was performed to investigate liver injury and subsequent liver repair in fibrotic and control livers. After I/R, fibrotic liver had more injury compared with nonfibrotic, control liver; however, fibrotic liver showed rapid resolution of liver necrosis and reconstruction of liver parenchyma. Marked accumulation of hepatic stellate cells and macrophages were observed specifically in the fibrotic septa in early reparative phase. Fibrotic liver had higher numbers of hepatic stellate cells, macrophages, and hepatic progenitor cells during liver recovery after I/R than did control liver, but hepatocyte proliferation was unchanged. Fibrotic liver also had significantly greater number of phagocytic macrophages than control liver. Clodronate liposome injection into fibrotic mice after I/R caused decreased macrophage accumulation and delay of liver recovery. Conversely, CSF1-Fc injection into normal mice after I/R resulted in increased macrophage accumulation and concomitant decrease in necrotic tissue during liver recovery. In conclusion, fibrotic liver clears necrotic areas and restores normal parenchyma faster than normal liver after I/R. This beneficial response appears to be directly related to the increased numbers of nonparenchymal cells, particularly phagocytic macrophages, in the fibrotic liver. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to reveal how diseased liver recovers after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Although it was not completely unexpected that fibrotic liver had increased hepatic injury after I/R, a novel finding was that fibrotic liver had accelerated recovery and repair compared with normal liver. Enhanced repair after I/R in fibrotic liver was associated with increased expansion of phagocytic macrophages, hepatic stellate cells, and progenitor cells.
Keap1 deletion accelerates mutant K-ras/p53-driven cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Nabeshima Tatsuhide , Hamada Shin , Taguchi Keiko , Tanaka Yu , Matsumoto Ryotaro , Yamamoto Masayuki , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: January 2020

The activation of the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway contributes to cancer progression in addition to oxidative stress responses. Loss-of-function Keap1 mutations were reported to activate Nrf2, leading to cancer progression. We examined the effects of Keap1 deletion in a cholangiocarcinoma mouse model using a mutant K-ras/ p53 mouse. Introduction of the Keap1 deletion into liver-specific mutant K-ras/ p53 expression resulted in the formation of invasive cholangiocarcinoma. Comprehensive analyses of the gene expression profiles identified broad upregulation of Nrf2-target genes such as Nqo1 and Gstm1 in the Keap1-deleted mutant K-ras/ p53 expressing livers, accompanied by upregulation of cholangiocyte-related genes. Among these genes, the transcriptional factor Sox9 was highly expressed in the dysplastic bile duct. The Keap-Nrf2-Sox9 axis might serve as a novel therapeutic target for cholangiocarcinoma. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The Keap1-Nrf2 system has a wide variety of effects in addition to the oxidative stress response in cancer cells. Addition of the liver-specific Keap1 deletion to mice harboring mutant K-ras and p53 accelerated cholangiocarcinoma formation, together with the hallmarks of Nrf2 activation. This process involved the expansion of Sox9-positive cells, indicating increased differentiation toward the cholangiocyte phenotype.
Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Noncompaction
Authors: Aung Nay , Doimo Sara , Ricci Fabrizio , Sanghvi Mihir M. , Pedrosa Cesar , Woodbridge Simon P. , Al-Balah Amer , Zemrak Filip , Khanji Mohammed Y. , Munroe Patricia B. , Naci Huseyin , Petersen Steffen E. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Although left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) has been associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events, the accurate incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is unknown. We, therefore, aimed to assess the incidence rate of LVNC-related cardiovascular events.

Methods:
We systematically searched observational studies reporting the adverse outcomes related to LVNC. The primary end point was cardiovascular mortality.

Results:
We identified 28 eligible studies enrolling 2501 LVNC patients (mean age, 46 years; male/female ratio, 1.7). After a median follow-up of 2.9 years, the pooled event rate for cardiovascular mortality was 1.92 (95% CI, 1.54–2.30) per 100 person-years. LVNC patients had a similar risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with a dilated cardiomyopathy control group (odds ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 0.18–6.67]). The incidence rates of all-cause mortality, stroke and systemic emboli, heart failure admission, cardiac transplantation, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardiac device implantation were 2.16, 1.54, 3.53, 1.24, 2.17, and 2.66, respectively, per 100 person-years. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses revealed that left ventricular ejection fraction, not the extent of left ventricular trabeculation, had an important influence on the variability of incidence rates. The risks of thromboembolism and ventricular arrhythmias in LVNC patients were similar to dilated cardiomyopathy patients. However, LVNC patients had a higher incidence of heart failure hospitalization than dilated cardiomyopathy patients.

Conclusions:
Patients with LVNC carry a similar cardiovascular risk when compared with dilated cardiomyopathy patients. Left ventricular ejection fraction—a conventional indicator of heart failure severity, not the extent of trabeculation—appears to be an important determinant of adverse outcomes in LVNC patients.

Registration:

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/
Unique identifier: CRD42018096313.
The Impact of Hospital Quality on Thyroid Cancer Survival
Authors: Megwalu Uchechukwu C. , Ma Yifei , Hernandez‐Boussard Tina , Divi Vasu , Gomez Scarlett Lin 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo develop a composite measure of thyroid cancer–specific hospital quality and to evaluate the association between hospital quality and survival in patients with well‐differentiated thyroid cancer.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingPopulation‐based cancer database.Subjects and MethodsData were extracted from the California Cancer Registry data set linked with discharge records and hospital characteristics from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development. The study cohort comprised adult patients with well‐differentiated thyroid cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2015. Principal component analysis, incorporating hospital volume, adherence to national guidelines, and accreditation/certification status, was used to generate a composite thyroid cancer–specific hospital quality score.ResultsTreatment in hospitals ranked in the highest quartile of quality was associated with improved overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67‐0.98) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54‐0.98). Treatment in hospitals meeting the combined metric of 10 or more thyroid cancer cases/year and 80% of patients with high‐risk tumors treated with total/near‐total thyroidectomy was associated with improved OS (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.70‐0.90) and DSS (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64‐0.94).ConclusionTreatment in high‐quality hospitals is associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with thyroid cancer. These findings are important because they help identify hospitals that are better suited to treat patients with thyroid cancer and provide actionable targets for quality improvement.
Otitis Media Middle Ear Effusion Identification and Characterization Using an Optical Coherence Tomography Otoscope
Authors: Preciado Diego , Nolan Ryan M. , Joshi Radhika , Krakovsky Gina M. , Zhang Anqi , Pudik Nickolas A. , Kumar Nankee K. , Shelton Ryan L. , Boppart Stephen A. , Bauman Nancy M. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of detecting and differentiating middle ear effusions (MEEs) using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) otoscope.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingUS tertiary care children’s hospital.Subjects and MethodsSeventy pediatric patients undergoing tympanostomy tube placement were preoperatively imaged using an OCT otoscope. A blinded reader quiz was conducted using 24 readers from 4 groups of tiered medical expertise. The primary outcome assessed was reader ability to detect presence/absence of MEE. A secondary outcome assessed was reader ability to differentiate serous vs nonserous MEE.ResultsOCT image data sets were analyzed from 45 of 70 total subjects. Blinded reader analysis of an OCT data subset for detection of MEE resulted in 90.6% accuracy, 90.9% sensitivity, 90.2% specificity, and intra/interreader agreement of 92.9% and 87.1%, respectively. Differentiating MEE type, reader identification of nonserous MEE had 70.8% accuracy, 53.6% sensitivity, 80.1% specificity, and intra/interreader agreement of 82.9% and 75.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that age was the strongest predictor of OCT quality. The mean age of subjects with quality OCT was 5.01 years (n = 45), compared to 2.54 years (n = 25) in the remaining subjects imaged (P =. 0028). The ability to capture quality images improved over time, from 50% to 69.4% over the study period.ConclusionOCT otoscopy shows promise for facilitating accurate MEE detection. The imageability with the prototype device was affected by age, with older children being easier to image, similar to current ear diagnostic technologies.
Selective lower body perfusion during aortic arch surgery in neonates and small children
Authors: Boburg Rodrigo Sandoval , Rosenberger Peter , Kling Steffen , Jost Walter , Schlensak Christian , Magunia Harry 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Aortic arch reconstruction surgery represents a challenge for the medical personnel involved in treatment. Along the years, the perfusion strategies for aortic arch reconstruction have evolved from deep hypothermic cardiac arrest to antegrade cerebral perfusion with moderate hypothermia, and recently to a combined cerebral and lower body perfusion with moderate hypothermia. To achieve a lower body perfusion, several cannulation strategies have been described. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of utilizing an arterial sheath introduced in the femoral artery to achieve an effective lower body perfusion. Methods: We included patients who underwent an aortic arch reconstruction surgery with a lower body perfusion, from January 2017 to June 2019. To achieve a lower body perfusion, a three-way stopcock was connected to the arterial line, where one end was connected to the central cannulation for cerebral perfusion and the other to an arterial sheath that was introduced through the femoral artery. A total of 25 patients were included. Peri- and postoperative lactate and creatinine levels and signs of malperfusion were recorded. Results: During the reperfusion phase, after selective perfusion ended none of the patients showed a significant increase in lactate, creatinine, and liver enzyme levels. After 24 hours, there were no signs of an acute kidney injury, femoral vessel injury, or limb malperfusion. Conclusion: These findings show that a sufficient lower body perfusion through an arterial sheath placed in the femoral artery for aortic arch reconstruction can be achieved. This approach caused no complications related to the arterial sheath during the early postoperative period and is an easy way to maintain perfusion of systemic organs.
Prevalence of radiographic parameters on CT associated with femoroacetabular impingement in a Chinese asymptomatic population
Authors: Chen Jing , Xu Lei , Chen Zhe-feng , Zou Yue-fen 
Published: January 2020

Background Imaging evaluation of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) plays a major role in early diagnosis and treatment, preventing irreversible degenerative changes in hip joints. Purpose To investigate the anatomical parameters associated with FAI in a Chinese asymptomatic population by computed tomography (CT) and to evaluate the prevalence of the radiographic features of cam and pincer types in Chinese patients. Material and Methods We reviewed the CT images of 470 hips in 235 Chinese patients who underwent abdominal and pelvic CT scans for reasons unrelated to hip symptoms at our hospital between February and October 2017. The following measurements were made on each hip joint: acetabular version angle (AV); anterior acetabular sector angle (AASA); posterior acetabular sector angle (PASA); the lateral center edge angle (LCE); the alpha angle (AA); and femoral head-neck offset (FHNO). Results Significant differences in all parameters were seen between men and women. Young men and elderly women showed more retroversion in our study. LCE, AA, and FHNO were all larger in men than women. The data showed 25% of female joints and 34.5% of male joints had at least one predisposing factor for FAI using measurement parameters by CT images in Chinese asymptomatic patients, and the prevalence of pincer lesion (19.1%) was larger than cam lesion (9.1%). Conclusion Morphological features associated with FAI are also present in Chinese asymptomatic patients. The threshold values for abnormal parameters should be reconsidered based on gender, age, and other factors in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
Organ Donation at the End of Life: Experiences From the 3 Wishes Project
Authors: Takaoka Alyson , Honarmand Kimia , Vanstone Meredith , Tam Benjamin , Smith Orla M. , Baker Andrew , LeBlanc Allana , Swinton Marilyn , Neville Thanh H. , Clarke France J. , Hancock Jennifer , McMullen Sarah , Meade Maureen O. , Rose Trudy , Arora Samantha , Cook Deborah J. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The 3 Wishes Project (3WP) promotes holistic end-of-life care in the intensive care unit (ICU) to honor dying patients, support families, and encourage clinician compassion. Organ donation is a wish that is sometimes made by, or on behalf of, critically ill patients. Our objective was to describe the interface between the 3WP and organ donation as experienced by families, clinicians, and organ donation coordinators. Methods: In a multicenter evaluation of the 3WP in 4 Canadian ICUs, we conducted a thematic analysis of transcripts from interviews and focus groups with clinicians, organ donation coordinators, and families of dying or died patients for whom donation was considered. Results: We analyzed transcripts from 26 interviews and 2 focus groups with 18 family members, 17 clinicians, and 6 organ donation coordinators. The central theme describes the mutual goals of the 3WP and organ donation—emphasizing personhood and agency across the temporal continuum of care. During family decision-making, conversations encouraged by the 3WP can facilitate preliminary discussions about donation. During preparation for donation, memory-making activities supported by the 3WP redirect focus toward personhood. During postmortem family care, the 3WP supports families, including when donation is unsuccessful, and highlights aspirational pursuits of donation while encouraging reflections on other fulfilled wishes. Conclusions: Organ donation and the 3WP provide complementary opportunities to engage in value-based conversations during the dying process. The shared values of these programs may help to incorporate organ donation and death into a person’s life narrative and incorporate new life into a person’s death narrative.
Systematic Review of Subtalar Distraction Arthrodesis for the Treatment of Subtalar Arthritis
Authors: Fletcher Amanda N. , Liles Jordan L. , Steele Johnathan J. , Pereira Gregory F. , Adams Samuel B. 
Published: January 2020

Background: Subtalar distraction arthrodesis (SDA) was developed as a means of treating the symptoms of subtalar arthritis. Despite almost 30 years of research in this field, many controversies still exist regarding SDA. The objective of this study was to present an overview of outcomes following SDA, focusing on surgical technique as well as clinical and radiographic results. Methods: MEDLINE and EMBASE were queried and data abstraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria for the articles were (1) English language, (2) peer-reviewed clinical studies with evidence levels I to IV, (3) with at least 5 patients, and (4) reporting clinical and/or radiographic outcomes of SDA. Results: Twenty-five studies matched the inclusion criteria (2 Level III and 23 Level IV studies) including 492 feet in 467 patients. The most common indication for SDA was late complications of calcaneus fractures. Many different operative techniques have been described, and there is no proven superiority of one method over the other. The most commonly reported complications were nonunion, hardware prominence, wound complications, and sural neuralgia. All studies showed both radiographic and clinical improvement at the last follow-up visit compared with the preoperative evaluation. Pooled results (12 studies, 237 patients) demonstrated improved American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scores with a weighted average of 33 points of improvement. Conclusion: SDA provides good clinical results at short-term and midterm follow-up, with improvement in ankle function as well as acceptable complication and failure rates. Higher quality studies are necessary to better assess outcomes between different operative techniques. Level of Evidence: Level III.
The Impact of Rehabilitation-oriented Virtual Reality Device in Patients With Ischemic Stroke in the Early Subacute Recovery Phase: Study Protocol for a Phase III, Single-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Ahmed Nima , Mauad Vitor A Queiroz , Gomez-Rojas Olga , Sushea Ammu , Castro-Tejada Gelanys , Michel Janet , Liñares Juan Manuel , Pedrosa Salles Loise , Candido Santos Ludmilla , Shan Ming , Nassir Rami , Montañez-Valverde Raul , Fabiano Ronaldo , Danyi Sofia , Hassan Hosseyni Seyed , Anand Seerat , Ahmad Usman , Casteleins William Augusto , Sanchez Alma Tamara , Fouad Ahmed , Jacome Alvaro , Moura de Oliveira Paiva Mariana Sanali , Saavedra Ruiz Ana Gabriela , Grochowski Rubens A , Toyama Mayumi , Nagi Hibatalla , Sarvodelli Marcella Zanini , Halalau Alexandra 
Published: January 2020

Background and rationale: Stroke is considered the most common cause of adult disability. Intensive rehabilitation protocols outperform nonintensive counterparts. The subacute stroke phase represents a potential window to recovery. Virtual reality (VR) has been shown to provide a more stimulating environment, allowing for increased patient compliance. However, the quality of current literature comparing VR with standard therapies is limited. Our aim is to measure the impact of VR versus standard therapy on the recovery of the upper limb motor function in patients with stroke in the early subacute recovery phase. Method: This is a randomized, controlled trial that will assign 262 patients to tailor-made standard rehabilitation (TMSR) or TMSR plus immersive VR device. The trial will be conducted in an urban rehabilitation clinic in the United States with expertise in the management of poststroke patients. Patients will be 18 to 70 years of age and in the early subacute period (30-90 days post ischemic stroke). The primary outcome will be the change of Fugl-Meyer Assessment—Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) score, measured at baseline and 13 weeks after randomization. The secondary outcome will be the change in the UK Functional Independence Measure and Functional Assessment Measure (UK FIM-FAM) score at the same time points. Discussion: If the use of VR in the rehabilitation of patients with stroke proves to have a significant impact on their motor recovery, it will constitute an extremely important step into decreasing the functional impairment associated with stroke and the related health care expense burden.