bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water purification experiment by applying flashing method with a rotating nozzle
Authors: Sonawan Hery , Abdurrachim Halim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The flashing process is a way of exposing water in a low-pressure environment by spraying it at high pressure so that the water converts into fine particles. This process is carried out to speed up the evaporation process of water. The evaporation process carried out on freshwater aims to separate the minerals and solids dissolved in water to increase its purity. In this study, the flashing process was carried out through a rotating nozzle that was proven to increase the rate of pure water production. The flashing process experiment is carried out following an experimental design based on the non-dimensional analysis of Buckingham's pi. The rate of pure water production () as the output variable in the flashing process is affected by the nozzle rotational speed (n), nozzle hole diameter (d), feedwater pressure (Pw), vacuum pressure (Pv) and feedwater temperature (T). The feedwater temperature itself can influence the behavior of the feedwater flow in the nozzle, in this case, is density (ρ) and viscosity (μ). Based on these variables, the non-dimensional analysis of Buckingham pi has produced four dimensionless numbers. The generated empirical equations from the flashing process experiments are in the form of quadratic equations. The empirical equation applies to feedwater pressure of 7.6 bar-g, the vacuum pressure of 0.4–0.6 bar-a and nozzle rotational speed of 0–134 rpm. The optimum condensation rate in the flashing experiment was successfully obtained, especially at the nozzle rotation of 27 rpm in all vacuum pressures tested. This success is inseparable from the use of mist-nozzles that convert the feedwater flow into the mist.
Topical Melatonin Niosome Gel for the Treatment of 5-FU-Induced Oral Mucositis in Mice
Authors: Uthaiwat Prangtip , Daduang Jureerut , Priprem Aroonsri , Settasatian Chatri , Chio-Srichan Sirinart , Lee Yao-Chang , Mahakunakorn Pramote , Boonsiri Patcharee 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Oral mucositis, one of the most common complications of 5-Fluorouracil
(5-FU) treatment, leads to several problems, including pain, diarrhea and malnutrition, and reduces
the quality of life and subsequent treatments. Melatonin, a neurohormone with anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant activities, was encapsulated in niosomes and embedded in a mucoadhesive gel formulation
as a Melatonin Niosome Gel (MNG) to perform oral mucositis treatment.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of MNG for the treatment of 5-FU-induced
oral mucositis in mice.

Methods:
Oral mucositis was induced in ICR mice by 5-FU and randomly assigned to receive daily
applications of the topical oral MNG, a fluocinolone acetonide gel, a blank niosome gel, or no
treatment for 5 days in comparison with a normal group. Average body weights, food consumption,
and behaviors of the mice as well as microscopic histopathology, Fourier-Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and oxidative stress markers of
the tongues were monitored and collected after sacrifice.

Results:
In comparison to the normal group, the average body weights of the 5-FU-MNG mice did
not deviate from that of the normal group, nor was there a significant difference in the time to sleep
or licking (p>0.05 for both parameters). In addition, the mice treated with MNG and fluocinolone
acetonide did not show significantly different histopathological, FTIR, interleukin-1β or malondialdehyde
(MDA) results in the tongues used as the oral tissue samples.

Conclusion:
Topical MNG potentially inhibits inflammation and lipid oxidative stress in 5-FU-induced
oral mucositis.
Un mañana significativo: el sentido de vida y la perspectiva de tiempo futuro.
Authors: Osorio-Castaño César Augusto 
Published: May 2020

Los conceptos de perspectiva de tiempo futuro y sentido de vida han sido estudiados durante las últimas décadas por la psicología, pero, no existen investigaciones que los relacionen. Ambos conceptos han mostrado tener impacto en el bienestar y la calidad de vida de las personas. Es por esto, que el objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre el sentido de vida y la perspectiva de tiempo futuro. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo exploratorio de tipo correlacional Los participantes fueron 72 jóvenes entre los 18 y los 22 años (M= 19.7 y DE= 1.061). Los instrumentos utilizados son la Escala Dimensional de Sentido de Vida y la Escala de Perspectiva de Tiempo Futuro. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados en SPSS 22.0 y se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Los hallazgos muestran que los conceptos de sentido de vida y perspectiva de tiempo futuro correlacionan positiva y significativamente; r = 0.720 (0.000) (p < 0.001). Se discuten, además, los resultados a la luz de futuras intervenciones e investigaciones a realizar.
Propiedades psicométricas de la versión corta de la escala de Empoderamiento y Agencia Personal en estudiantes universitarios.
Authors: Padilla Gámez Nélida , Pérez Bautista Yuma Yoaly , Cruz del Castillo Cinthia 
Published: May 2020

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar las características psicométricas del empoderamiento en estudiantes universitarios así como validar la versión corta de la escala de Empoderamiento y Agencia personal (EMPAP; Padilla Gámez & Cruz del Castillo, 2018). Dicho instrumento tiene por objetivo evaluar la autopercepción del empoderamiento a través de cuatro factores que miden: agencia personal, autoconciencia, empoderamiento en la salud y empoderamiento social. El instrumento consta de 47 reactivos en escala de respuesta tipo Likert de 5 puntos que evalúan en un continuo de 0 a 5, situaciones en las que los individuos perciben menor o mayor empoderamiento. La versión corta de la escala se desarrolló a través de un análisis factorial confirmatorio. Para este estudio participaron 255 estudiantes de los cuales el 38% son hombres y 62% mujeres, con edades entre 17 y 29 años, pertenecientes a las carreras: de psicología, medicina, biología, optometría, enfermería y odontología. Los resultados arrojaron un modelo que conserva las cuatro dimensiones originales con 12 reactivos y un buen ajuste en GFI, AGFI, CFI, y RMSEA. El coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach total fue de .81, por tanto se puede concluir que se obtuvo una versión corta, válida y confiable y sensible a la población universitaria.
Impacto de una intervención en resiliencia en deportistas universitarios lesionados.
Authors: Moo-Peña Juan Carlos , Góngora Coronado Elías Alfonso 
Published: May 2020

El deporte es una actividad que puede proporcionar beneficios físicos y psicológicos a quien lo practica. Sin embargo, conlleva un riesgo el cual se traduce en la lesión deportiva factor relacionado con muchos otros factores de índole psicológico entre los cuales se encuentra la resiliencia cuyos efectos positivos pueden beneficiar tanto a deportistas lesionados como deportistas con antecedentes lesivos. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo conocer el efecto de una intervención en resiliencia en el área de las lesiones deportivas en un grupo de deportistas universitarios de una institución pública del estado de Yucatán, México. Para medir las variables se utilizaron el cuestionario de resiliencia, La escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg en su adaptación al español, la subescala de Enfrentamiento a los Problemas de la Vida y la Escala de Apoyo Social Familiar y de Amigos – AFA-R. La muestra estuvo constituida por 137 deportistas universitarios de distintas modalidades deportivas que tuvieron o se encontraban en un proceso de lesión deportiva y de los cuales 5 deportistas con las puntuaciones más bajas recibieron el programa de intervención. Los resultados muestran a través de un pre-test y post-test que los participantes mejoran sus puntuaciones en las escalas después de su participación en el programa de resiliencia. A modo de conclusión, se observó a través del análisis del tamaño o magnitud del efecto, que la intervención si tuvo un efecto positivo en la población de deportistas en la que fue aplicada.
Educar para la vida y la muerte a los estudiantes de Enfermería: “del miedo al amor”
Authors: Palomar Gallardo María Cinta , Romero Palomar María , Pérez García Esteban , Romero Palomar María Isabel 
Published: May 2020

Esta investigación surge de la observación fenomenológica como enfermera asistencial cuidando a pacientes al final de la vida y como docente de enfermería en la asignatura “Afrontamiento de la muerte: intervención interdisciplinar”. Existen grandes carencias sobre formación en los cuidados al final de la vida, la muerte y el duelo. Para cubrir esta necesidad de formación de los alumno/as realizo una propuesta de intervención docente en la asignatura “Afrontamiento de la muerte: intervención interdisciplinar”, cuyo objetivo es evaluar el impacto que la propuesta educativa de la asignatura tiene sobre los estudiantes de Enfermería. Metodología: Esta investigación está enmarcada en el paradigma interpretativo o hermenéutico, de enfoque cualitativo. Desde una mirada fenomenológica, se plantea un estudio descriptivo y como instrumento de investigación se tomarán los diarios reflexivos de los alumnos/as, matriculados en la asignatura que eligieron la opción de asistencia a clase. Resultados: El número de diarios fueron 36, pero se seleccionaron de forma aleatoria 14. El análisis cualitativo ha permitido estructurar el discurso del alumnado en 5 categorías de análisis: Motivo de elección de la asignatura; Crecimiento personal; Logros en el proceso de aprendizaje; Aplicación profesional de las técnicas desarrolladas en la asignatura; Valoración de la asignatura por parte del alumno. Conclusiones: La intervención educativa de la asignatura, ha tenido un alto impacto en los alumnos/as, en dos dimensiones importantes para sus vidas. Por un lado, aumentando sus competencias académicas como futuros profesionales, y por otro adquiriendo habilidades y actitudes positivas sobre la muerte, para vivir y amar la vida.
Biological Potential of Tribulus terrestris
Authors: Dighe Shantanu U. , Jadhav R.S. , Vikhe D.N. 
Published: May 2020

Plants have a significant role in preserving human health and improving quality of life. gokshura (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) one of such plants, is mentioned in Ayurvedic texts for various therapeutic properties like balya(strengthening), brimhana (nutritive), rasayana(rejuvenator), mootrala(diuretic), shothahara(anti-inflammatory), vajikarana (aphrodisiac) etc. and useful in the management of mutrakrichhra (dysurea), ashmari (renal calculi) etc. It is a perennial plant, grown predominantly in India and Africa. Its extract contains alkaloids, saponins, resins, flavanoids and nitrates. As its therapeutic values, a review has been done to gather information on different aspects of gokshura. Further Ayurvedic references, the present paper also emphasizes on recent researches carried out on this plant for its pharmacological evaluation.
Keywords: Tribulus terrestris, Diuretic, Pharmacology
SARS – COV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Critical Review on Novel Coronavirus Pathogenesis, Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Jain Ruchi , Jain Nilesh , Jain Surendra Kumar , Dhakar Ram C 
Published: May 2020

The 2019-nCoV is officially called SARS-CoV-2 and the disease is named COVID-19. The Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused pneumonia in Wuhan, China in December 2019 is a highly contagious disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it as a global public health emergency. This is the third serious Coronavirus outbreak in less than 20 years, following SARS in 2002–2003 and MERS in 2012. Currently, the research on novel coronavirus is still in the primary stage. It is currently believed that this deadly Coronavirus strain originated from wild animals at the Huanan market in Wuhan by Bats, snakes and pangolins have been cited as potential carriers. On the basis of current published evidence, we systematically summarize the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19. This review in the hope of helping the public effectively recognize and deal with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and providing a reference for future studies.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Coronavirus, pneumonia, Respiratory infection
Ameliorative effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of Nigella sativa seed against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in rats
Authors: Uchendu Ikenna Kingsley 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the ameliorative effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa (HANS) against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Methods: Twenty five (25) albino rats, with average weight (105±5g), were randomly grouped into five groups: A-E, of five (5) rats per group. Group A rats served as normal control, Group B (Negative Control) received intraperitoneal administration of carbon tetrachloride CCl₄ (0.4ml/kg, i.p.) only, Group C received CCl₄ and low dose HANS (400mg/kg, oral), Group D received CCl₄ and high dose HANS (800mg/kg, oral), and Group E (Positive control), received CCl₄ and Vitamin C (200mg/kg, oral), for 3 days. Hepatotoxicity was assessed by measuring serum levels of total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) using standard methods. Histopathological analysis of the liver was also carried out. Results: The extracts significantly stablized biochemical markers of hepatic injury, and preserved the histoarchitecture of the liver tissues against CCl4 damage. The protective effect was not dose-dependent, as low dose HANS (400mg/kg), showed better protection than the high dose HANS (800mg/kg). Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extracts of Nigella sativa has antihepatotoxic effects.
Keywords: carbon tetrachloride, hepatotoxicity, medicinal plants, Nigella sativa, hydroalcoholic extract
Vimentin and Cytokeratin Immunostaining: The Role in Basic Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sarcomas
Authors: Ogenyi Samuel Ifedioranma , Madukwe Jonathan , Onyemelukwe Anulika Obianuju , Ngokere Anthony Ajuluchukwu 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Specific diagnosis which provides diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic information to guide patient care defines the primary goal of sarcoma management and care. The role of immunohistochemistry, using vimentin (mesenchymal linage marker) and cytokeratin (epithelial linage marker) as basic markers for diagnosis and classification of sarcomas for specific management strategies and prognosis was elucidated in the present study.
Materials and Methods: Twenty four (24) archived paraffin wax processed tissue block sarcoma samples were randomly selected from the histopathology Laboratories and museums of the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi and National hospital Abuja and necessary data obtained from records. Blocks were re-embedded with fresh paraffin wax and 3µ thick sections cut with the aid of a rotary microtome. Haematoxylin and Eosin staining method was employed to confirm diagnosis before proceeding to immunohistochemistry. Antibodies for vimentin and pancytokeratin were employed for immunohistochemistry while exposed mouse and rabbit specific horseradish peroxides/diaminobenzidine detection IHC kit was employed for immunostaining.
Results: The mean age of patients was 26 years while the ages range from 11 to 48 years with 14 (58.3%) females and 10 (41.7%) males. Vimentin had strong positive immunoreactivity for all sarcoma samples whereas cytokeratin had positive immunoreactions for synovial sarcoma only, which also showed co-expression of both genes.
Conclusion: Vimentin and cytokeratin may play vital role as basic biomarkers not only for diagnosis and characterization of sarcomas but for specific management regime and prognostication. However, IHC must be performed at high standard using appropriate antibodies, samples and reagents.
Keywords: Sarcoma, immunohistochemistry, vimentin, cytokeratin, biomarker.
Humoral response of broilers to live Newcastle Disease virus vaccines manufactured by different companies
Authors: Mehmood Muhammad Danish , Anwar Huma , Hashim Aamra , Ismail Muhammad , Hussain Sajjad 
Published: May 2020

Increased incidence and severity of fatal Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in commercial and domestic poultry has been reported from across Pakistan. The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of various live NDV vaccines (Gallivac, Intervet and Ceva) by adapting different vaccination schemes in broilers. Antigenic count of each vaccine and its generated antibody were determined by Haeamagglutination and Haemagglutination inhibition tests respectively. Two different NDV vaccination schemes were tested in such a way that one group had received three vaccines in different time periods whereas, the other after priming at 0 day, was followed by a single booster dose. For this purpose, healthy broilers were divided into four groups A, B, C, and D. On zero day of vaccination, there was no detectable anti NDV-HI titer for all vaccines (Gallivac=2, Intervet=2 & Ceva=2). In first vaccination scheme, detectable anti NDV-HI titer was observed on 16th day of vaccination (Gallivac=3.8, Intervet=4.2 & Ceva=3.6). All vaccines showed protective anti NDV-HI titer on 32nd day, post vaccination (Gallivac=5.8, Intervet=6.2, Ceva=5.8). In second vaccination scheme, detectable anti NDV-HI titer was achieved on 16th day of post vaccination (Gallivac=3.8, Intervet=4.2 & Ceva=3.6). While on 32nd day vaccination, all vaccines showed protective anti NDV-HI titer (Gallivac=5.4, Intervet=5.6 & Ceva=5.2). It is concluded that the two-dose vaccination program, with interval of 12 days, is much effective than the 3-dose vaccination scheme. However, in broilers, anti-NDV antibody titer was induced by all three types of vaccines manufactured by various companies.
Keywords: Newcastle disease virus, Humoral Response, Haemagglutination inhibition test, Vaccine schedule
Effect of Granulation Methods on Drug Release Studies in Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of a Poorly Soluble Drug prepared using Synthetic Polymers
Authors: Ayalasomayajula Lakshmi Usha , Radha Rani E. , Ksheera Bhavani A.V.S. , Vyasa Murty A. 
Published: May 2020

Vomiting or emesis is the abnormal emptying of stomach and upper part of intestine through esophagus and mouth. It occurs due to stimulation of the emetic (vomiting) centre situated in the medulla oblongata. Domperidone, a D2 receptor antagonist has antiemetic and prokinetic action is used as a model drug in the present work to prepare Sustained release matrix tablets using various synthetic polymers like Eudragit and HPMC K15 M. The tablets are designed to have a pH dependent release profile in order to prevent initial drug release in the stomach to reduce the possible gastro-irritant and ulcerogenic effects of the drug. Different polymer and diluent concentrations and various compression techniques like wet granulation technique and direct compression techniques were used in order to release the contents of the tablets in a sustained manner over a certain period of time. Domperidone is BCS Class II drug and its solubility was enhanced by preparing solid dispersions using solvent evaporation technique. In the present work solid dispersions containing drug and polymer mixture in the ratio 1:1 was further formulated into tablets by incorporating various synthetic polymers in three different concentrations. The tablets were prepared using different granulating techniques. Formulation (F3) containing drug and polymers in the ratio 1:1 prepared by wet granulation technique could sustain the drug release over a period of 12h and hence considering all the post compression parameters it was optimized as the better formulation. FTIR, DSC, X-Ray Diffraction, SEM studies were performed for optimized solid dispersion mixture and also the optimized formulation.
Keywords: Solubility enhancement, Solid dispersions, Solvent Evaporation, Wet granulation, Direct Compression.
Assessment of Self-Care Practices among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in a Secondary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Chinnappan Jeeba , KP Athira , Iqbal Faheem , V Jasna , Ashok Purnima , Varghese Rini Susan 
Published: May 2020

Background: Diabetes is one of the major health problems worldwide that can be effectively managed by good self-care activities like medication adherence, exercise, monitoring of blood glucose, foot care and diet. Objectives: The study assessed the self-care activities of diabetic patients using summary of diabetes self-care activities scale (SDSCA) and the variables (Age, gender, educational level, socioeconomic status (SES)) associated with it. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken in 400 Type 2 diabetic patients. Self-care practices of the patients were evaluated by using SDSCA and correlation with variables were determined statistically. Results: Among 400 diabetic patients about 215 (53.75%) had an average score of self-care. Self-care was poor in 184 (46%) subjects, and only 1 subject (0.25%) scored good. Blood sugar monitoring was the highest (100%) followed by medication adherence (92.75%) whereas inadequate levels of self-care were reported in foot care (1.5%), and physical activity (31.5%) domains. A significant positive correlation was found between self-care practices and socio-demographic variables such as age (r=0.298, p=0.000), income (r=0.490, p=0.000) occupation (r=0.433, p=0.000), education (r=0.582, p=0.000), and Socio-Economic status (r=0.599, p=0.000). Conclusion: The study revealed higher level of adherence to self-care activities in terms of blood sugar monitoring and medication taking behaviour in the current setting, but self-care in other domains such as foot care is critically low. Age, education and Socio-Economic status seems to affect the self-care practice by the patients.
Keywords: Diabetes, Diabetes self- care, Diabetic foot care, Summary of diabetes self-care activities (SDSCA) score.
Fractionation, Phytochemical Screening and Free Radical Scavenging Capacity of Different Sub-Fractions from Pituranthos scoparius Roots
Authors: Karbab Ahlem , Mokhnache Kamel , Arrar Lekhmici , Baghiani Abderahmane , Khennouf Seddik , Charef Noureddine 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to prepare three sub-fractions from Pituranthos scoparius roots (PSR), characterize their phytochemicals contents and to investigate their free radical scavenging activity by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl scavenging activities. Tannins, ﬂavonoids, steroids, and other bioactive compounds were found in the different sub-fractions. The Ethyle acetate extract (EAE) and chloroform extract (ChE) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity using ABTS (17.8 ± 0.87 µg/mL and 18.15 ± 0.68 µg/mL), respectively. Whereas, Crude extract (CrE) have been presented strong hydroxyl scavenging activity (14.9 ± 0.8 µg/mL). This study indicates that PSR extracts has potent free radical scavenging, and may prove to be of potential health benefit as well as additional resources for natural antioxidants.
Keywords: Medicinal plant; phytochemical screening; sub-fractions, free radical scavenging.