bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carotid Ultrasound to Predict Fluid Responsiveness
Authors: Beier Lance , Davis Joshua , Esener Dasia , Grant Charles , Fields J. Matthew 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesTo perform a systematic review of the accuracy of carotid ultrasound measures in determining volume responsiveness in adults.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of Ovid MEDLINE and Scopus from conception until January 1, 2019. Two independent reviewers used an iterative process to identify relevant articles and abstract information from them. The quality and risk of bias were assessed with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies version 2 tool.ResultsWe identified 17 relevant articles with 956 patients. The 2 most frequently cited carotid measures of fluid responsiveness were corrected flow time and peak velocity or change in peak velocity with respiration (ΔCDPV). Accordingly, the diagnostic characteristics of corrected flow time in these studies varied widely, with sensitivities from 60% to 73%, specificities from 82% to 92%, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves from 0.75 to 0.88. Optimal cutoff values for ΔCDPV ranged from 9.1% to 14%, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves from 0.81 to 0.91, sensitivities from 73% to 86%, and specificities from 78% to 86%. Other measures, such as carotid blood flow and carotid diameter, had limited data to support their use. Heterogeneity of the studies prohibited a meta‐analysis. Most studies had a moderate risk of bias and high applicability.ConclusionsPreliminary research suggests that carotid ultrasound measures may be useful adjunct measures of fluid status; however, they should not be interpreted as absolute and should be placed in a clinical context. The most well‐defined and supported measure currently is ΔCDPV, with cutoffs from 9% to 14%. Corrected flow time shows promise, because of heterogeneity of how this value is measured, an optimal cutoff has not been established.
A 45‐61 GHz monolithic microwave integrated circuit subharmonic mixer incorporating dual‐band power divider
Authors: Zhang Liang , Tong Xiaodong , Han Jiang‐an , Cheng Xu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this article, a novel design and realization of wideband subharmonic mixer (SHM) operating over the 45‐61 GHz frequency band is presented, in which a dual‐band power divider (DBPD), an antiparallel diode pair (APDP), and a LC low‐pass filter are employed. Working in the two corresponding frequency bands, the DBPD not only imports the RF and the LO signals, but also provides impedance transformation between the APDP, RF, and LO ports. Due to the inherent ports isolation and matching characteristics of DBPD, a simplified and miniaturized configuration of SHM has been achieved. The monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) is implemented by a GaAs 0.15 μm pHMET process with a compact chip size of 1 × 0.95 mm2 including probe pads. The mixer exhibits 14.8 to 16.5 dB conversion loss with improved return losses at the RF, LO, and IF ports. The LO‐to‐RF, LO‐to‐IF, RF‐to‐IF, 2LO‐to‐RF, and 2LO‐to‐IF isolations are 16.5 to 34.5 dB, 35 to 41.5 dB, 30 to 40 dB, 32.5 to 39.5 dB, and 50 to 61.5 dB, respectively. To the author's best knowledge, the DBPD is used in MMIC SHM design for the first time.
Miniaturized broadband‐multiband planar antenna with a symmetric quarter‐circular ground plane for WLAN/WiMAX standards
Authors: El Yassini Abdessalam , Ibnyaich Saida , Chabaa Samira , Zeroual Abdelouhab 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a novel design of miniature and broadband‐multiband coplanar waveguide‐fed planar antenna with a symmetric quarter‐circular ground plane is suggested to realize multiband with better performance. The experimental results show that the suggested antenna has achieved two bandwidths (S11 < −10 dB): the lower band from 2.34 to 2.42 GHz centered around the resonant frequency of 2.38 GHz and the upper broadband from 3.16 to 6.57 GHz resonating at 3.5 and 5.38 GHz, respectively. The bandwidths cover the two required bands: WiMAX and WLAN at the frequencies 3.5/5.5 and 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz, respectively. All these three resonant frequencies show better impedance matching with convenient gain and high radiation efficiency; moreover, the radiation patterns in the H‐plane and E‐plane are omnidirectional and bidirectional, respectively. The patch antenna prototype is constructed on a simple substrate named FR4 epoxy and having total dimensions of 0.23λ × 0.14λ × 0.012λ, as λ is the free‐space wavelength at the lower resonant frequency. In addition, the resulting multiband antenna is a highly compact size and having a good performance, which makes it appropriate for wireless systems in diverse applications.
Educational needs of patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases attending a large health facility in Austria
Authors: Hirsch Jameson K. , Toussaint Loren , Offenbächer Martin , Kohls Niko , Hanshans Christian , Vallejo Miguel , Rivera Javier , Sirois Fuschia , Untner Johannes , Hölzl Bertram , Gaisberger Martin , Ndosi Mwidimi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionPatient education is an important part of the management of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Given that patients with diverse diseases do not have the same needs, it is crucial to assess the educational requirements of targeted groups to provide tailored educational interventions. The aim of our study was to assess educational needs of a large cohort of patients with different rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases attending a health facility in Austria.MethodsWe assessed educational needs, via an online survey of patients with fibromyalgia (FMS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) recruited from an Austrian health‐care facility, using the Austrian version of the Educational Needs Assessment Tool (OENAT).ResultsFor our sample of 603 patients, AS (62%), RA (15%), and FMS (24%), there were no educational need differences for the domains of movements, disease process, and self‐help measures. Patients with FMS had less need for pain management education and greater need for education about feelings, than other disease groups. Patients with RA had a greater need for education related to treatments than other groups, and patients with AS had a greater need for treatment education than patients with FMS. Patients with AS reported greater need for support system education than other patient groups.ConclusionEducational needs vary by disease groups, suggesting that health‐care professionals should assess disease‐specific needs for education to provide optimal assistance in disease management for patients.
Fundamental control of grade‐specific colorectal cancer morphology by Src regulation of ezrin–centrosome engagement
Authors: Rainey Lisa , Deevi Ravi K , McClements Jane , Khawaja Hajrah , Watson Chris J , Roudier Martine , Van Schaeybroeck Sandra , Campbell Frederick C 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe phenotypic spectrum of colorectal cancer (CRC) is remarkably diverse, with seemingly endless variations in cell shape, mitotic figures and multicellular configurations. Despite this morphological complexity, histological grading of collective phenotype patterns provides robust prognostic stratification in CRC. Although mechanistic understanding is incomplete, previous studies have shown that the cortical protein ezrin controls diversification of cell shape, mitotic figure geometry and multicellular architecture, in 3D organotypic CRC cultures. Because ezrin is a substrate of Src tyrosine kinase that is frequently overexpressed in CRC, we investigated Src regulation of ezrin and morphogenic growth in 3D CRC cultures. Here we show that Src perturbations disrupt CRC epithelial spatial organisation. Aberrant Src activity suppresses formation of the cortical ezrin cap that anchors interphase centrosomes. In CRC cells with a normal centrosome number, these events lead to mitotic spindle misorientation, perturbation of cell cleavage, abnormal epithelial stratification, apical membrane misalignment, multilumen formation and evolution of cribriform multicellular morphology, a feature of low‐grade cancer. In isogenic CRC cells with centrosome amplification, aberrant Src signalling promotes multipolar mitotic spindle formation, pleomorphism and morphological features of high‐grade cancer. Translational studies in archival human CRC revealed associations between Src intensity, multipolar mitotic spindle frequency and high‐grade cancer morphology. Collectively, our study reveals Src regulation of CRC morphogenic growth via ezrin–centrosome engagement and uncovers combined perturbations underlying transition to high‐grade CRC morphology. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Low prenatal detection rate of valvar pulmonary stenosis: What are we missing?
Authors: Ronai Christina , Freud Lindsay R. , Brown David W. , Tworetzky Wayne 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesCritical pulmonary stenosis (PS) and pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) require urgent neonatal intervention. Since PS may be more insidious than PAIVS during gestation, we hypothesized that neonates with PS would have lower rates of prenatal detection than PAIVS.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of all neonates who underwent diagnostic or interventional cardiac catheterization between 2000 and 2014 for critical PS or PAIVS. The rates of prenatal diagnosis were calculated for PS and PAIVS. Prenatal and postnatal echocardiographic data were reviewed.Results178 patients met inclusion criteria: 91 with critical PS and 87 with PAIVS. The prenatal diagnosis rate for critical PS was lower than for PAIVS at 37% (34/91) vs 60% (52/87) (P = .003). At the time of diagnosis at a median gestational age of 25 weeks, the median TV z‐score for patients with critical PS was larger than in PAIVS (−0.15 vs −3.0 P = .004).ConclusionCritical PS had a lower prenatal detection rate than PAIVS, likely due to a relatively normal 4‐chamber view at the time of routine second trimester screening in patients with PS. Color flow Doppler of the outflow tracts may improve detection, since outflow tracts may appear normal by 2D imaging.
Advances and approaches for chemical recycling of plastic waste
Authors: Thiounn Timmy , Smith Rhett C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe global production and consumption of plastics has increased at an alarming rate over the last few decades. The accumulation of pervasive and persistent waste plastic has concomitantly increased in landfills and the environment. The societal, ecological, and economic problems of plastic waste/pollution demand immediate and decisive action. In 2015, only 9% of plastic waste was successfully recycled in the United States. The major current recycling processes focus on the mechanical recycling of plastic waste; however, even this process is limited by the sorting/pretreatment of plastic waste and degradation of plastics during the process. An alternative to mechanical processes is chemical recycling of plastic waste. Efficient chemical recycling would allow for the production of feedstocks for various uses including fuels and chemical feedstocks to replace petrochemicals. This review focuses on the most recent advances for the chemical recycling of three major polymers found in plastic waste: PET, PE, and PP. Commercial processes for recycling hydrolysable polymers like polyesters or polyamides, polyolefins, or mixed waste streams are also discussed.
Electron ionization mass spectrometric fragmentation and detection of autoxidation products of 2,6,10,14‐tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5‐ene in Arctic sediments
Authors: Rontani Jean‐François , Smik Lukas , Belt Simon T. 
Published: April 2020

RationaleSome highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) alkenes are commonly used as proxies for palaeoceanographic reconstructions. However, there is a need to identify compounds that are sufficiently stable and abundant to be used as tracers of HBI oxidation in sediments. 2,6,10,14‐Tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5(Z/E)‐en‐4‐ols resulting from 2,6,10,14‐tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5‐ene appear to be useful for this purpose.MethodsComparison of electron ionization (EI) mass spectra and retention times with those of standards allowed formal identification of autoxidation products of 2,6,10,14‐tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5‐ene. EI‐MS fragmentations of TMS ethers of the main oxidation products (2,6,10,14‐tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5(Z/E)‐en‐4‐ols) were deduced by gas chromatography/electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC/EI‐MS), low‐energy collision‐induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID‐MS/MS) and accurate mass measurements. These compounds were then quantified in Arctic sediment samples in MS/MS multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using transitions based on the main fragmentation pathways elucidated.Results2,6,10,14‐Tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5(Z/E)‐en‐4‐ols were identified after autoxidation of the HBI alkene 2,6,10,14‐tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5‐ene. Low‐energy CID‐MS/MS analyses and accurate mass measurements allowed the EI‐MS fragmentation pathways of their trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives to be elucidated. Some specific fragment ions and chromatographic retention times were also useful for further characterization. As an application of some of the described fragmentations, TMS derivatives of these metabolites were characterized and quantified in MRM mode in Arctic sediments.ConclusionsDue to their production in high proportions during autoxidation of their parent HBI diene, their apparent stability in sediments, and their specific EIMS fragmentations, (Z and E)‐2,6,10,14‐tetramethyl‐7‐(3‐methylpent‐4‐enyl)‐pentadec‐5‐en‐4‐ol TMS derivatives appeared to be useful tracers of HBI autoxidation in sediments.
Anticancer Activity Screening of a Series of Imidazo[2,1‐c][1,2,4]triazolone and Imidazo[1,2 ‐b][1,2,4]triazolone Derivatives Synthesized Under Solvent Free Conditions
Authors: Hassan Aisha Y. , Sarg Marwa T. , El Deeb Moshira A. , El Rabeeb Shaimaa I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this approach we applied a green synthetic protocol for the preparation of a novel series of imidazotriazole derivatives under solvent free conditions and shorter reaction times utilizing the reactive 2‐thioxoimidazolidinone derivative 1 as a starting substrate. Different substituted imidazo[2,1‐c][1,2,4]triazolone derivatives 2–4,6 and imidazo[1,2‐b][1,2,4]triazolone derivatives 8–10, 12, 13, 15, 16 and 18 were synthesized. We carried out the synthesis of the open chain analogues phenylimidazolidin‐2‐ylidenepicolinohydrazide 5, dihydroimidazolylacetamide 11, imidazolylpicolinamide 14, pentahydroxyhexylideneaminoimidazol‐5‐one derivative 17, dihydroimidazolyl‐N,N‐dimethylformimidamide 19 and the dihydroimidazo[1,2‐b][1,2,4]triazepine‐7‐carbonitrile 20. The synthetic methods involved mainly fusion of compound 1 with the appropriate reagents. The in vitro anticancer evaluation at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA at a single dose (10−5 M) in full NCI 60 cell panel revealed that a significant inhibition for some cancer cells was observed with compounds 11 and 17–19 (38–67.5 % inhibition).These novel compounds displayed appreciable anticancer activities against different cancer cell lines including leukemia, colon cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, renal cancer and non‐small cell lung cancer cell lines.
Palladium Acetate/[CPy][Br]: An Efficient Catalytic System towards the Synthesis of Biologically Relevant Stilbene Derivatives via Heck Cross‐Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Ramsingh Girase Tejpalsingh , Patil Kesharsingh J. , Kapdi Anant R. , Gupta Gaurav R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to replace the traditionally applicable volatile organic solvents and imidazolium‐based ionic liquid solvents with thermally stable surfactant, cetylpyridinium bromide as surfactant ionic liquid (SIL) and examine the potential of the same as viable reaction medium in the synthesis of stilbenes, quinoxaline and pyridone decorated substratesviaHeck cross‐coupling reaction. This work thoroughly investigates the thermal, spectral and morphological properties of cetylpyridinium bromide as surfactant ionic liquid. Cetylpyridinium bromide is a well‐known germicide with well‐established degradation mechanism and displays remarkable solvent properties for the homogeneously catalysed Heck cross‐coupling reactions, which is of great significance to enlarge the applications window of cetylpyridinium bromide from biologically significant surfactant material to the choice of solvent in synthetic organic chemistry.
Synthesis of Modified TiO2 Nanoparticles with Polyacrylonitrile and Poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate) via ATRP
Authors: Wang Yazhen , Liu Li , Jiang Shengyue , Li Shuang , Lan Tianyu , Zu Liwu , Dong Shaobo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe modified TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) with diblock copolymer were successfully synthesized via surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP). The modified TiO2 contained the ‐NH2 group (TiO2‐APTES) was obtained by 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as a coupling agent. Bromine modified TiO2 NPs (TiO2‐Br), the ATRP initiator was prepared by the reaction of ‐NH2 in TiO2‐APTES with 2‐bromoisobutyryl bromide (BiBB). The block copolymer of the polyacrylonitrile and poly(hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PAN‐b‐PHEA) on the TiO2 surface was synthesized with TiO2‐Br as initiator via ATRP. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed two Tg values corresponding to two blocks, which indicated two polymer chains of the modified TiO2. The result of Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) shown increasing molecular weight of the PAN‐b‐PHEA also demonstrated the block copolymer structure.
Protection and Activation of Hydroxycinnamic Acids in Water
Authors: DellaGreca Marina , Longobardo Luigi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHydroxycinnamic acids such as p‐coumaric, ferulic, sinapic and caffeic acids were protected as carbonates and activated as mixed carbonic anhydrides in water at RT by adding a base and isobutyl chloroformate. These anhydrides were used for amine and C‐protected α‐amino acid acylation to give O‐carbonate protected phenolic amides. Acylation of free α‐amino acids was performed in acetone‐water in high yields producing the O‐carbonate protected N‐hydroxycinnamoyl‐α‐amino acids. Pure derivatives were obtained in many cases directly by crystallization. Free phenolic compounds were rapidly obtained by carbonate deprotection with piperidine. The method offers a novel route for amide bond formation in water and the direct functionalization of hydroxycinnamic acid families with free α‐amino acids, providing a facile preparation of precious natural bioactive derivatives.
Manganese Trioxide with Various Morphologies: Applications in Catalytic Dye Degradation
Authors: Alwera Vijay , Singh Seema , Srivastava Vimal C. , Mandal Tapas K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHierarchical manganese trioxides (Mn2O3) with different morphologies are prepared by thermal treatment of carbonate precursors synthesized using a facile and template‐free hydro‐solvothermal method. Various morphologies of Mn2O3 have evolved as a function of precursor salts keeping the solvent system and temperature of synthesis intact. On hydro‐solvothermal treatment, manganese carbonate with different microstructures is formed first and on subsequent calcination at 500 °C, the carbonates are converted into manganese trioxide with the retention of the initial microstructure. While formation of Mn2O3 microcubes is achieved with MnCl2 and Mn(NO3)2 as precursor salts, microspheres and microflakes are obtained with Mn(OAc)2 and MnC2O4 precursors, respectively. The average microcrystal size varied from ∼ 10–20 (±5) μm with somewhat high surface areas. The catalytic dye degradatin studies conducted on Mn2O3 microcubes and microspheres in aqueous acidic mediums show rapid removal of dyes in the dark. While an aqueous acidic solution of methyl orange (MO) is decolorized in 2 min, more than 90 % of rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) are degraded within 50–60 min. Retention of catalytic activity after five cycles indicates their reusability and promise as simple binary oxide catalysts for wastewater treatment.
Multifunctional Mesoporous CDQs/BMMs with Strong Fluorescent Property and Sustained Drug Releasing Performance
Authors: Li Junfang , Sun Jihong , Bai Shiyang , Wu Xia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA multifunctional mesoporous CQDs/BMMs with strong fluorescent property was synthesized via a facile and reliable sol‐gel approach to dope carbon quantum dots (CQDs) into the bimodal mesopores silica (BMMs) for application in sustained drug releasing performance. In which, the influences of various parameters, including hydrothermal system (glucose concentration, temperature, and time) and removing cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) conditions (ethanol‐HCl, isopropanol‐H2O, and acetone) on fluorescence performances and structure properties were investigated via PL, UV, XRD, BET, SEM, TEM, EDS, FT‐IR, XPS, TG. The result showed that the resultant CQDs/BMMs possesses uniform mesopore structure with larger specific surface area of around 752 m2 g−1, and excitation‐independent emission properties at the strongest emission peak of 488 nm. Using ibuprofen as a model drug, their drug delivery behaviours were assessed by UV and mass balance equation, showing a high loading amount (154.3 mg g−1 within 20 min) and good sustained release performance along with stable and strong fluorescence.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of New Chiral Aminoalcohol and Benzimidazole Hybrids
Authors: Çiçek İlknur , Tunç Turgay , Ogutcu Hatice , Abdurrahmanoglu Suzan , Günel Aslıhan , Demirel Nadir 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNew chiral aminoalcohol‐benzimidazole hybrids have been synthesized from commercially available aminoalcohols[S(+)‐Phenylglycinol, S(−)‐ Phenylalaninol and S(+)‐ Leuicinol] and 2‐(chloromethyl)‐N‐tosyl‐1‐H‐benzimidazole. The synthesized compound were characterized by IR, NMR, and LC‐MS analysis. The antibacterial properties of aminoalcohol‐benzimidazole hybrid molecules 4 a, 4 b, and 4 c were investigated against both gram (+ve) and gram (‐ve) bacterial pathogens by the well‐diffusion method using several standarts. The cell‐based biological experiment was consistent with in silico studies. Furthermore, in silico studies revealed that all synthesized compounds could be suggested as potential drugs for inhibition of both peptide deformylase for bacteria and sterol 14α‐demethylase for yeast.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Computational Investigation of New 4‐Phenyl‐decahydro‐1H‐1,5‐benzodiazepin‐2‐one as Potent Inhibitor of Mu‐opioid Receptor
Authors: Garadi Wedad Al , Bakri Youness El , Lai Chin‐Hung , Karthikeyan Subramani , Ghayati Lhoussaine El , Mague Joel T. , Essassi El Mokhtar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA novel benzodiazepine derivative was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and HR‐MS methods. Its crystal structure was also investigated by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. In the title compound, the fused 6‐ and 7‐membered rings adopt chair and “twist boat” conformations, respectively. In the crystal, the molecules form inversion dimers through N—H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds and pack with no unusually short intermolecular contacts, which is in agreement with the results of the Hirshfeld surface analysis. The Hirshfeld surface analysis showed that the H⋅⋅⋅H contact was the most important interaction for the studied compound. Based on the DFT−B3LYP study, the studied compound owned a little different geometry in the gas phase concerning the solid phase. The molecular docking was performed between the title compound and a mu‐opioid receptor. Molecular dynamics studies were also carried up to 50 ns to understand the stability for the title compound complex with the mu‐opioid receptor.