bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oscillation and nonoscillation theorems for second order nonlinear differential equations
Authors: Jianchu Jiang 
Published: October 2020

New oscillation and nonoscillation theorems are obtained for the second order nonlinear differential equation $$ (|u'(t)|^{\alpha -1} u'(t))' + p(t)|u(t)|^{\alpha -1} u(t) = 0 $$ where $ p(t) \in C [0, \infty) $ and $ p(t) \ge 0 $. Conditions only about the integrals of $ p(t) $ on every interval $ [2^n t_0, 2^{n+1} t_0] $ ($ n = 1, 2, \ldots $) for some fixed $ t_0 >0 $ are used in the results.
Numerical study on thoracic aortic aneurysms : the aneurysms aggravation effects on the seconda rythme flows motion
Authors: ARAB Mohammed Ilies , BOUZIT Mohamed , AMEUR Houari , KAMLA Youcef 
Published: October 2020

It is Well know that there is a strong correlation between artery wall diseases and the flow structure disturbance. Aneurysms are enlargements situated at different but specifics parts of the vascular system; it is a silent diseas that evolves in time. The thoracic aortic aneurysms (T. A. A) remains relatively unstudied and therefore the present study aimis is to clarify the effects of the (T . A. A) evolution and the geometrical variations on both hydrodynamic instabilities inside the aortic bulge especially the vortex ring phenomenon and the secondary motion (Dean and lyne vortices) downsream the aneurysms. Two different cases of asymmetric enlargements in the ascending part of the aortic are studied for both newtonien and the shear-thinning model to mimic the blood rheology inside the aneurysms bulge in order to investigate both parameters impact on the vortex ring behavior. Results schowed that the blood rheoligy effects the propagation velocity while the aneurysms size influences the vortex ring rupture, the motion of the ring interaction with an inclined wall phenomenon. Results also showed that vortex ring disturbs the boundary layer and therefore the secondary motion in the rest of the aorta.
Kronik og Publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte 
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Publikationer; Erhvervelser; Musikarrangementer; Foredrag; Udstillinger; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet; Det Kongelige Bibliotek og Google Scholar; En stor del af Det Kongelige Biblioteks ressourcer i REX og ELEKTRA er søgbare i Google Scholar; Bøger og bibliotek; I REX kan nu bestilles bøger til afhentning på Fakultetsbibliotek for Natur- og Sundhedsvidenskab (Nørre Allè); § 20 - spørgsmål og svar om Jydske Lov og Det Kongelige Bibliotek;
Kronik og publikationer
Authors: Philipson Lotte 
Published: October 2020

Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek ;KUBIS - ny biblioteksorganisation på Københavns Universitet (KU); Mange flere besøger det hybride bibliotek; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet ; Udstillinger; Foredrag; Musik, Erhvervelser; Publikationer;
Kronik
Authors: Meile Jakob Kyril 
Published: October 2020

KRONIKKEN fortæller om det forgangne kvartal på Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Begivenheder, foredrag, udstillinger, koncerter, erhvervelser m.m. Indhold: Bogforum 2013; Bogseminar 2013; Steen Bille Larsen, Pernille Drost; Guaman Poma-konference; Udstillinger; Churchill’s Finest Hour; Nordic Bookbinding 2013; Foredrag; International Forfatterscene; Ordscenen; Hanne-Vibeke Holst; Koncerter; DiamantEnsemblet 10 år; Fyraftenskoncerter; Kulturnat; Carl Nielsen Prisen; Erhvervelser;
Kronik
Authors: Meile Jakob Kyril 
Published: October 2020

KRONIKKEN fortæller om det forgangne kvartal på Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Begivenheder, foredrag, udstillinger, koncerter, erhvervelser m.m. Indhold: Kulturnatten – “At reise er at leve”; Boghistorisk seminar, Bogforum 2015.; Forskningsbevillinger: Foto & kunst, Boghistorie; Ny Boghistorie; Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet: Danmarks første kunstfotograf digitalt – Fra pionerens værksted ZDanmarks første kunstfotograf digitalt– Fra pionerens værksted, egen Mediekanal, Katalog over franske smædeskrifter; Erhvervelser; Seminarer: Hanns Eisler-konference; Udstillinger: Vejen til den tyske genforening, Pessoas Træ, Lokale fællesskaber, International Forfatterscene; Koncerter
Kronik
Authors: Philipson Lotte 
Published: October 2020

Indhold: 1793 • 200 år som offentligt bibliotek • 1993; Viden om... Udstilling i Rundetårn 15. nov. 1993 - 2. jan. 1994; Hendes Majestæt Dronningen; Erland Kolding Nielsen; Glimt fra avisens historie • En pressehistorisk udstilling; Kongeligt og Kostbart. Klenodier fra Kongernes Bibliotek; Forhallens ottekantede montre; Udlån til udstillinger; Besøg; Bogmesse i Forum; Erhvervelser; Personalia;
High microphone signal-to-noise ratio enhances acoustic sampling of wildlife
Authors: Darras Kevin F.A. , Deppe Franziska , Fabian Yvonne , Kartono Agus P. , Angulo Andres , Kolbrek Bjørn , Mulyani Yeni A. , Prawiradilaga Dewi M. 
Published: October 2020

Background
Automated sound recorders are a popular sampling tool in ecology. However, the microphones themselves received little attention so far, and specifications that determine the recordings’ sound quality are seldom mentioned. Here, we demonstrate the importance of microphone signal-to-noise ratio for sampling sonant animals.

Methods
We tested 12 different microphone models in the field and measured their signal-to-noise ratios and detection ranges. We also measured the vocalisation activity of birds and bats that they recorded, the bird species richness, the bat call types richness, as well as the performance of automated detection of bird and bat calls. We tested the relationship of each one of these measures with signal-to-noise ratio in statistical models.

Results
Microphone signal-to-noise ratio positively affects the sound detection space areas, which increased by a factor of 1.7 for audible sound, and 10 for ultrasound, from the lowest to the highest signal-to-noise ratio microphone. Consequently, the sampled vocalisation activity increased by a factor of 1.6 for birds, and 9.7 for bats. Correspondingly, the species pool of birds and bats could not be completely detected by the microphones with lower signal-to-noise ratio. The performance of automated detection of bird and bat calls, as measured by its precision and recall, increased significantly with microphone signal-to-noise ratio.

Discussion
Microphone signal-to-noise ratio is a crucial characteristic of a sound recording system, positively affecting the acoustic sampling performance of birds and bats. It should be maximised by choosing appropriate microphones, and be quantified independently, especially in the ultrasound range.
High Proportion of School Aged Children Susceptible to Mumps Virus Infections in the City of Mwanza, Tanzania: Should It be Included in the National Immunization Programme?
Authors: Rakiru Ruth B. , Msanga Delfina R. , Laisser Rose , Kamori Doreen , Majigo Mtebe , Mshana Stephen E. , Mirambo Mariam M. , Mahamba Dina 
Published: October 2020

Aim: This study for the first time in Mwanza, Tanzania aimed at determining seropositivity of mumps virus in school aged children who are targeted for vaccination.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of the Study: This study was conducted in the city of Mwanza from July to September 2018.
Despite being common with reported associated complications in many resource limited countries, there is scarcity of information on its epidemiology in Tanzania.
Methodology: We enrolled 440 school children aged 6-12 years. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured data collection tool. Blood samples were collected, and sera were used for detection of mumps virus antibodies by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data was analyzed using STATA version 13, 2013.
Results: The median age of enrolled children was 9(IQR: 8-11) years. The seropositivity of mumps IgG antibodies was found to be 94(21.4%, 95% CI: 17.5-25.1) while that of IgM was 1 (0.23%, 95% CI: 0.02-0.6). By multivariable logistic regression analysis, residing in rural areas (OR: 2.28, 95% 1.42-3.36, P=0.001) and age >10 years (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.03-2.7, P=0.036) independently predicted mumps IgG seropositivity.
Conclusion: A significant proportion of young children in urban areas of the city of Mwanza are susceptible to mumps virus infection indicating the need to generate more data across the country so as to institute appropriate control measures including measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination programme.
Feasibility study of using Stereotactic Field Diode for field output factors measurement and evaluating three new detectors for small field relative dosimetry of 6 and 10 MV photon beams
Authors: Gul Attia , Fukuda Shigekazu , Mizuno Hideyuki , Taku Nakaji , Kakakhel M. Basim , Mirza Sikander M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study assesses the feasibility of using stereotactic field diode (SFD) as an alternate to gaf chromic films for field output factor (FF) measurement and further evaluating three new detectors for small field dosimetry. Varian 21EX linear accelerator was used to generate 6 and 10 MV beams of nominal square fields ranging from 0.5 × 0.5 cm2 to 10 × 10 cm2. One passive (EBT3 films) and five active detectors including IBA RAZOR diode(RD), SFD, RAZOR nanochamber (RNC), pinpoint chamber (PTW31023), and semiflex chamber (PTW31010) were employed. FFs were measured using films and SFD while beam profiles and percentage depth dose (PDD) distribution were acquired with active detectors. Polarity (kpol) and recombination (ks) effects of ion chambers were determined and corrected for output ratio measurement. Correction factors (CF) of RD, RNC, and PTW31023 in axial and radial orientation were also measured. Stereotactic field diode measured FFs have shown good agreement with films (with difference of <1%). RD and RNC measured beam profiles were within 3% deviation from the SFD values. Variation in kpol with field size for RNC and PTW31023 was up to 4% and 0.4% (for fields ≥ 1 × 1 cm2), respectively, while variation in ks of PTW31023 was <0.2 %. The maximum values of CF have been calculated to be 5.2%, 2.0%, 13.6%, and 25.5% for RD, RNC, PTW31023‐axial, and PTW31023‐radial respectively. This study concludes that SFD with appropriate CFs as given in TRS 483 may be used for measuring FFs as an alternate to EBT3 films. Whereas RD and RNC may be used for beam profile and PDD measurement in small fields. Considering the limit of usability of 2%, RNC may be used without CF for FF measurement in the smallfields investigated in this study.
CBCT image quality QA: Establishing a quantitative program
Authors: Taneja Sameer , Barbee David L. , Rea Anthony J. , Malin Martha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeRoutine quality assurance (QA) of cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans used for image‐guided radiotherapy is prescribed by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group (TG)‐142 report. For CBCT image quality, TG‐142 recommends using clinically established baseline values as QA tolerances. This work examined how image quality parameters vary both across machines of the same model and across different CBCT techniques. Additionally, this work investigated how image quality values are affected by imager recalibration and repeated exposures during routine QA.MethodsCone‐beam computed tomography scans of the Catphan 604 phantom were taken on four TrueBeam® and one Edge™ linear accelerator using four manufacturer‐provided techniques. TG‐142 image quality parameters were calculated for each CBCT scan using SunCHECK Machine™. The variability of each parameter with machine and technique was evaluated using a two‐way ANOVA test on a dataset consisting of 200 CBCT scans. The impact of imager calibration on image quality parameters was examined for a subset of three machines using an unpaired Student’s t‐test. The effect of artifacts appearing on CBCTs taken in rapid succession was characterized and an approach to reduce their appearance was evaluated. Additionally, a set of baselines and tolerances for all image quality metrics was presented.ResultsAll imaging parameters except geometric distortion varied with technique (P < 0.05) and all imaging parameters except slice thickness varied with machine (P < 0.05). Imager calibration can change the expected value of all imaging parameters, though it does not consistently do so. While changes are statistically significant, they may not be clinically significant. Finally, rapid acquisition of CBCT scans can introduce image artifacts that degrade CBCT uniformity.ConclusionsThis work characterized the variability of acquired CBCT data across machines and CBCT techniques along with the impact of imager calibration and rapid CBCT acquisition on image quality.
Amyloid‐β PET and CSF in an autopsy‐confirmed cohort
Authors: Reimand Juhan , Boon Baayla D. C. , Collij Lyduine E. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Rozemuller Annemieke J. M. , van Berckel Bart N. M. , Scheltens Philip , Ossenkoppele Rik , Bouwman Femke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveAccumulation of amyloid‐β is among the earliest changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid‐β positron emission tomography (PET) and Aβ42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) both assess amyloid‐β pathology in‐vivo, but 10–20% of cases show discordant (CSF+/PET− or CSF‐/PET+) results. The neuropathological correspondence with amyloid‐β CSF/PET discordance is unknown.MethodsWe included 21 patients from our tertiary memory clinic who had undergone both CSF Aβ42 analysis and amyloid‐β PET, and had neuropathological data available. Amyloid‐β PET and CSF results were compared with neuropathological ABC scores (comprising of Thal (A), Braak (B), and CERAD (C) stage, all ranging from 0 [low] to 3 [high]) and neuropathological diagnosis.ResultsNeuropathological diagnosis was AD in 11 (52%) patients. Amyloid‐β PET was positive in all A3, C2, and C3 cases and in one of the two A2 cases. CSF Aβ42 was positive in 92% of ≥A2 and 90% of ≥C2 cases. PET and CSF were discordant in three of 21 (14%) cases: CSF+/PET− in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (A0B0C0), CSF+/PET− in a patient with FTLD‐TDP type B (A2B1C1), and CSF‐/PET+ in a patient with AD (A3B3C3). Two CSF+/PET+ cases had a non‐AD neuropathological diagnosis, that is FTLD‐TDP type E (A3B1C1) and adult‐onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids (A1B1C0).InterpretationOur study demonstrates neuropathological underpinnings of amyloid‐β CSF/PET discordance. Furthermore, amyloid‐β biomarker positivity on both PET and CSF did not invariably result in an AD diagnosis at autopsy, illustrating the importance of considering relevant comorbidities when evaluating amyloid‐β biomarker results.
Epitope‐Imprinted Nanoparticles as Transforming Growth Factor‐β3 Sequestering Ligands to Modulate Stem Cell Fate
Authors: Teixeira Simão P. B. , Domingues Rui M. A. , Babo Pedro S. , Berdecka Dominika , Miranda Margarida S. , Gomes Manuela E. , Peppas Nicholas A. , Reis Rui L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGrowth factors (GFs) are biomolecules with potent biological effects but inherent limitations hinder their potential as therapeutic agents and cell culture supplements in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). Biomaterials that sequester endogenous GFs by affinity binding might circumvent such limitations and thus are being increasingly investigated. Here, molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (MINPs) are proposed as specific abiotic ligands for GFs. As a proof of concept, a conformational epitope of transforming growth factor‐β3 (TGF‐β3) is designed and surface imprinted onto polyacrylamide‐based nanoparticles by inverse microemulsion polymerization. It is found that, depending on the polymerization mixture composition, MINPs can recognize and preferentially bind TGF‐β3, either in noncompetitive assays or from a complex human fluid (platelet lysate). Substrates functionalized with MINPs are then used for 2D culture of adipose‐derived stem cells. Remarkably, gene and protein expression profiles show a marked upregulation of SOX‐9, suggesting activation of TGF‐β3 signaling pathways without requiring supplementation with exogenous GF. Likewise, culturing these cells in pellets incorporating MINPs previously incubated with platelet lysate results in higher collagen II‐rich matrix deposition, compared to pellets incorporating non‐imprinted nanoparticles. In summary, results suggest MINPs can be used as cost‐effective, stable, and scalable alternative abiotic GF ligands to guide cell fate in TERM applications.
Exploiting Colloidal Metamaterials for Achieving Unnatural Optical Refractions
Authors: Huh Ji‐Hyeok , Kim Kwangjin , Im Eunji , Lee Jaewon , Cho YongDeok , Lee Seungwoo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe scaling down of meta‐atoms or metamolecules (collectively denoted as metaunits) is a long‐lasting issue from the time when the concept of metamaterials was first suggested. According to the effective medium theory, which is the foundational concept of metamaterials, the structural sizes of meta‐units should be much smaller than the working wavelengths (e.g., << 1/5 wavelength). At relatively low frequency regimes (e.g., microwave and terahertz), the conventional monolithic lithography can readily address the materialization of metamaterials. However, it is still challenging to fabricate optical metamaterials (metamaterials working at optical frequencies such as the visible and near‐infrared regimes) through the lithographic approaches. This serves as the rationale for using colloidal self‐assembly as a strategy for the realization of optical metamaterials. Colloidal self‐assembly can address various critical issues associated with the materialization of optical metamaterials, such as achieving nanogaps over a large area, increasing true 3D structural complexities, and cost‐effective processing, which all are difficult to attain through monolithic lithography. Nevertheless, colloidal self‐assembly is still a toolset underutilized by optical engineers. Here, the design principle of the colloidally self‐assembled optical metamaterials exhibiting unnatural refractions, the practical challenge of relevant experiments, and the future opportunities are critically reviewed.
Highly Efficient Deep‐Blue OLEDs using a TADF Emitter with a Narrow Emission Spectrum and High Horizontal Emitting Dipole Ratio
Authors: Lim Hyoungcheol , Cheon Hyung Jin , Woo Seung‐Je , Kwon Soon‐Ki , Kim Yun‐Hi , Kim Jang‐Joo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNew blue (DBA‐SAB) and deep‐blue (TDBA‐SAF) thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters are synthesized for blue‐emitting organic‐light emitting diodes (OLEDs) by incorporating spiro‐biacridine and spiro‐acridine fluorene donor units with an oxygen‐bridged boron acceptor unit, respectively. The molecules show blue and deep‐blue emission because of the deep highest occupied molecular energy levels of the donor units. Besides, both emitters exhibit narrow emission spectra with the full‐width at half maximum (FWHM) of less than 65 nm due to the rigid donor and acceptor units. In addition, the long molecular structure along the transition dipole moment direction results in a high horizontal emitting dipole ratio over 80%. By combining the effects, the OLED utilizing DBA‐SAB as the emitter exhibits a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 25.7% and 1931 Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.144, 0.212). Even a higher efficiency deep blue TADF OLED with a maximum EQE of 28.2% and CIE coordinates of (0.142, 0.090) is realized using TDBA‐SAF as the emitter.
High‐Pressure Nitrogen‐Extraction and Effective Passivation to Attain Highest Large‐Area Perovskite Solar Module Efficiency
Authors: Du Minyong , Zhu Xuejie , Wang Likun , Wang Hui , Feng Jiangshang , Jiang Xiao , Cao Yuexian , Sun Youming , Duan Lianjie , Jiao Yuxiao , Wang Kai , Ren Xiaodong , Yan Zhe , Pang Shuping , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSlot‐die coating holds advantages over other large‐scale technologies thanks to its potential for well‐controlled, high‐throughput, continuous roll‐to‐roll fabrication. Unfortunately, it is challenging to control thin.film uniformity over a large area while maintaining crystallization quality. Herein, by using a high‐pressure nitrogen‐extraction (HPNE) strategy to assist crystallization, a wide processing window in the well‐controlled printing process for preparing high‐quality perovskites is achieved. The yellow‐phase perovskite generated by the HPNE acts as a crucial intermediate phase to produce large‐area high‐quality perovskite film. Furthermore, an ionic liquid is developed to passivate the perovskite surface to reduce surface defect density and to suppress carrier recombination, resulting in significantly increased efficiency to 22.7%, the highest for large‐area fabrication. The strategies are successfully extended to large‐area device fabrication, making it possible to produce a 40 × 40 mm2 module with stabilized PCE as high as 19.4%, the highest‐efficiency for a large‐area module to date.
Distributed Electric Field Induces Orientations of Nanosheets to Prepare Hydrogels with Elaborate Ordered Structures and Programmed Deformations
Authors: Zhu Qing Li , Dai Chen Fei , Wagner Daniel , Daab Matthias , Hong Wei , Breu Josef , Zheng Qiang , Wu Zi Liang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLiving organisms use musculatures with spatially distributed anisotropic structures to actuate deformations and locomotion with fascinating functions. Replicating such structural features in artificial materials is of great significance yet remains a big challenge. Here, a facile strategy is reported to fabricate hydrogels with elaborate ordered structures of nanosheets (NSs) oriented under a distributed electric field. Multiple electrodes are distributed with various arrangements in the precursor solution containing NSs and gold nanoparticles. A complex electric field induces sophisticated orientations of the NSs that are permanently inscribed by subsequent photo‐polymerization. The resultant anisotropic nanocomposite poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels exhibit rapid deformation upon heating or photoirradiation, owing to the fast switching of permittivity of the media and electric repulsion between the NSs. The complex alignments of NSs and anisotropic shape change of discrete regions result in programmed deformation of the hydrogels into various configurations. Furthermore, locomotion is realized by a spatiotemporal light stimulation that locally triggers time‐variant shape change of the composite hydrogel with complex anisotropic structures. Such a strategy on the basis of the distributed electric‐field‐generated ordered structures should be applicable to gels, elastomers, and thermosets loaded with other anisotropic particles or liquid crystals, for the design of biomimetic/bioinspired materials with specific functionalities.
Sodium Deposition with a Controlled Location and Orientation for Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Xu Ying , Wang Chuanlong , Matios Edward , Luo Jianmin , Hu Xiaofei , Yue Qin , Kang Yijin , Li Weiyang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSodium is one of the most promising alternatives to lithium as an anode material for next‐generation batteries. However, severe Na dendrite growth hinders its practical implementation. Here, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber film coated with a thin layer of tin on the bottom side (closing to battery case) serves as a scaffold for Na deposition. Due to the low nucleation barrier enabled by the Sn layer, Na deposition spontaneously occurs at the bottom of the scaffold, and then is homogeneously confined within its 3D network because of the decreased local current density caused by 3D structure and uniform Na+ distribution regulated by the sodiophilic PAN. With this well‐controlled orientation of Na deposition, the Na‐PAN/Sn electrode delivers a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% in Na plating/stripping at 5 mA cm−2, stable operation for over 2500 h in symmetric batteries at 2 mA cm−2, and excellent cyclic stability and rate capability in Na metal full batteries.