bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fever of War: Epidemic Typhus and Public Health in Revolutionary Mexico City, 1915–1917
Authors: Alexander Ryan M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article examines Mexico City's typhus epidemic of 1915–16 and makes three central claims. First, the federal response to the outbreak, while laudable in light of the grim circumstances, was disjointed and excessively bureaucratic. Second, the epidemic drew out long-standing stereotypes of poor indigenous populations, leading people to make misguided linkages between the high incidence of typhus within those populations and their supposed moral or intellectual shortcomings. Third, the typhus epidemic prompted fundamental reforms to the nation's public health system. As a delegate to the constitutional convention of 1917, the nation's chief public health officer, general and doctor José María Rodríguez, successfully promoted his vision of a “sanitary dictatorship” that would operate according to strict authoritarian principles for the sake of efficiency. The epidemic thus shaped not only the human experience in that moment but also the course of revolutionary political reform in the years to come.
The role of microtubules in secretory protein transport
Authors: Fourriere Lou , Jimenez Ana Joaquina , Perez Franck , Boncompain Gaelle 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Microtubules are part of the dynamic cytoskeleton network and composed of tubulin dimers. They are the main tracks used in cells to organize organelle positioning and trafficking of cargos. In this Review, we compile recent findings on the involvement of microtubules in anterograde protein transport. First, we highlight the importance of microtubules in organelle positioning. Second, we discuss the involvement of microtubules within different trafficking steps, in particular between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex, traffic through the Golgi complex itself and in post-Golgi processes. A large number of studies have assessed the involvement of microtubules in transport of cargo from the Golgi complex to the cell surface. We focus here on the role of kinesin motor proteins and protein interactions in post-Golgi transport, as well as the impact of tubulin post-translational modifications. Last, in light of recent findings, we highlight the role microtubules have in exocytosis, the final step of secretory protein transport, occurring close to focal adhesions.
Clinical parameters and biomarkers predicting spontaneous operational tolerance after liver transplantation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Appenzeller-Herzog Christian , Hartleif Steffen , Vionnet Julien 
Published: January 2020

Objective: This scoping review aims at systematically mapping reported prognostic factors for spontaneous immunosuppression (IS) free allograft tolerance (operational tolerance, OT) in non-viral hepatitis and non-autoimmune disease liver transplant (LT) recipients who are undergoing immunosuppression withdrawal (ISW). The results may inform the subsequent conduct of a systematic review with a more specific review question. Background: LT is currently the most effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases. Whereas the short-term outcomes after LT have dramatically improved over the last decades, the long-term outcomes remain unsatisfactory, mainly because of side effects of lifelong IS, such as infections, cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, and nephrotoxicity. ISW studies have shown that OT can be achieved by a subset of LT recipients and recent research has identified biomarkers of OT in these patients. However, an evidence-based selection algorithm for patients that can predictably benefit from ISW is not available to date. The planned review will, therefore, map existing knowledge on prognostic clinical parameters and biomarkers for OT. Inclusion criteria: We will consider studies that record any clinical parameter or biomarker before the initiation of ISW in paediatric or adult non-viral hepatitis and non-autoimmune disease LT recipients and analyse their possible association with ISW outcomes (OT or non-tolerance). Studies addressing the effectiveness of OT-inducing treatments will be excluded. Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library will be searched for relevant articles or conference abstracts. Full-texts of selected abstracts will be independently screened for inclusion by two reviewers. References and citing articles of included records will be screened for additional relevant records. Clinical trial registries will be searched for ongoing studies, and their investigators contacted for the sharing of unpublished data. Data from included records will be independently extracted by two reviewers using a prespecified data extraction table and presented in both tabular and narrative form.
Well-being among PhD candidates
Authors: Pizuńska Daria , Golińska Paulina , Małek Agnieszka , Radziwiłłowicz Wioletta 
Published: January 2020

Cel pracyCelem badania było wykazanie, że doktoranci deklarują niższy dobrostan psychiczny, częściej skarżą się na choroby i dolegliwości psychosomatyczne w porównaniu do osób z wykształceniem wyższym niekontynuujących nauki.MetodaW badaniu łącznie wzięło udział 270 osób: 135 doktorantów (średni wiek = 30,03 lat) oraz 135 osób z grupy porównawczej (średni wiek = 30,13 lat), którą stanowiły osoby z wykształceniem wyższym, niekontynuujące nauki po studiach drugiego stopnia. Wykorzystano następujące metody: ankietę socjodemograficzną dodatkowo uwzględniającą wykaz chorób oraz objawów psychosomatycznych oraz Kwestionariusz Ogólnej Jakości Życia (GHQ-28, Goldberg, 2001).WynikiPrzeprowadzono analizę wyników za pomocą testu ANOVA. Uzyskane wyniki wykazują istotnie wyższe nasilenie: symptomów somatycznych [F = 12,913; p < 0,001], niepokoju i bezsenności [F = 19,769; p < 0,001], zaburzeń funkcjonowania [F = 8,782; p = 0,003], objawów depresyjnych [F = 8,560; p = 0,004] wśród słuchaczy studiów doktoranckich w porównaniu z grupą osób niekontynuujących nauki.WnioskiUzyskane wyniki sugerują, że doktoranci wykazują istotnie niższy ogólny dobrostan psychiczny, wyższe nasilenie zaburzeń funkcjonowania, symptomów somatycznych, niepokoju i problemów ze snem oraz symptomów depresyjnych w porównaniu do osób z tytułem magistra.
The Only Prescription Is Transparency: The Effect of Charge-Price-Transparency Regulation on Healthcare Prices
Authors: Christensen Hans B. , Floyd Eric , Maffett Mark 
Published: January 2020

We examine the effect of charge-price-transparency regulation (PTR)—a common policy solution intended to curb rising healthcare costs—on hospitals’ prices. We find that, although PTR does not affect payments or consumer search, it does cause hospitals to reduce charges by approximately 5%. The reputational costs of perceived overcharging appear to be one impetus for the reduction in charges, suggesting that certain stakeholders who are able to impose costs on hospitals are unaware that hospitals can decouple charges from payments. The ineffectiveness of PTR policies in reducing payments and the apparent inability of some stakeholders to realize this fact could explain why charge-transparency policies have been widely adopted with little opposition. Overall, our findings provide a cautionary note—transparency regulation focusing on an indicator that can be decoupled from the construct of interest might placate some stakeholders without actually solving the underlying problem.This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Chief Financial Officer Co-option and Chief Executive Officer Compensation
Authors: Dikolli Shane S. , Heater John C. , Mayew William J. , Sethuraman Mani 
Published: January 2020

We study whether relative power in the chief executive officer (CEO)–chief financial officer (CFO) relationship influences CEO compensation. To operationalize relative power of a CEO over a CFO, we define CFO co-option as the appointment of a CFO after a CEO assumes office. We find that CFO co-option is associated with a CEO pay premium of about 10%, which is concentrated more in the early years of the co-opted CFO’s tenure and in components of compensation that vary with the achievement of analyst-based earnings targets. Our evidence also indicates that a primary channel through which CEO power over a co-opted CFO yields the achievement of earnings targets is the use of earnings management to inflate earnings. Co-opted CFOs rely primarily on using discretionary accruals to manage earnings prior to the Sarbanes–Oxley regulatory intervention and switch to real-activities manipulation afterward. The evidence thus suggests that the form of earnings management depends on costs imposed on the CFO to inflate earnings. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Octave-spanning, continuous-wave supercontinuum generation with record power using standard telecom fibers pumped with power-combined fiber lasers
Authors: Arun S. , Choudhury Vishal , Balaswamy V. , Supradeepa V. R. 
Published: January 2020

We have demonstrated a record output power of

∼

72

W

, octave-spanning, nearly single-mode, continuous-wave supercontinuum with a bandwidth of

∼

1050

n
m

using standard telecom fiber as the nonlinear medium in an all-fiber architecture. We have utilized the recently proposed nonlinear power combining architecture by which power scaling is achieved using multiple independent Ytterbium lasers operating at different wavelengths. In this Letter, Raman conversions in the fiber assist in combining multiple input laser lines into a single wavelength which then undergoes supercontinuum generation. The architecture is based on the recently proposed grating-free, cascaded Raman lasers based on distributed feedback. Here all Raman conversions are well seeded, thereby enhancing the efficiency of supercontinuum generation to

∼

44

%

. In this Letter, we have obtained power spectral densities (PSDs) of

>

3

m
W

/

n
m

from 850 to 1350 nm and a high PSD of

>

100

m
W

/

n
m

from 1350 to 1900 nm. Here we have also investigated the power-combined supercontinuum generation for different pump wavelength combinations demonstrating the flexibility of this technique.
Strategic measurement for the axis-orientation and electro-optic coefficient of BaTiO3 crystal thin-film grown on MgO crystal with polarization modulations: erratum
Authors: Luo Mengxi , Sun DeGui , Sun Na , Hu Yuan , Zhang Kaiping , Wang Desong , Li Yan , Xing Bo , Xu Yeming , Wu Di 
Published: January 2020

In this erratum the set of Eqs. (2a) and (2b), Eqs. (4) and (5), and
the corresponding figure and values in the text of Opt. Lett.
44, 4215 (2019)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.44.004215 have
been updated.
The phantom ‘practice-only thesis’
Authors: Wilsher Mark 
Published: January 2020

As universities become accustomed to the complexities of their art and design faculties, a body of literature has emerged that explores some of the possibilities of a doctorate in the creative arts. In the area of fine art in particular, although not exclusively, there has been a drive towards a purely practice-based thesis. This article argues that the notion of the practice-only thesis is not only an unrealistic illusion that puts pressure on students, but also does not reflect contemporary professional practices. For an art practice to communicate any sort of specific knowledge it must be embedded in a pre-existing and continuously evolving flux of discourse produced through written and spoken language.
The American artist Trisha Donnelly’s 2014 Serpentine Gallery exhibition is taken as an example. Critical writing in the art press produces an accepted interpretation, and this is what the artist ‘Trisha Donnelly’ comes to stand for. So artwork that might appear to be producing its meaning autonomously should be seen as a collaborative practice involving the artist together with their professional interpreters. Research students are required to produce a self-contained project which would seem to preclude the incorporation of writing or academic interpretation by others. But it is fundamentally unfair to demand a thesis without any written component since it does not exist in an expanded notion of the contemporary art world.
PENERAPAN METODE PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS SIX SIGMA PADA HEYJACKER COMPANY
Authors: Wulandari Ismi , Bernik Merita 
Published: January 2020

Kota Bandung selama ini dikenal sebagai kota dengan destinasi wisata belanja yang menarik. Kota ini juga bertujuan untuk menjadi kota ekonomi kreatif, yang untuk mewujudkannya diperlukan UMKM yang terus bertumbuh. Heyjacker Company sebagai UMKM di bidang fashion harus bersiap dengan terus menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas produknya agar bisa tetap bersaing dengan UMKM lain yang sejenis. Dalam proses produksi parka, Heyjacker Company kerap menghasilkan produk cacat hampir mencapai 10% dari jumlah produksinya pada setiap bulannya. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan penerapan pengendalian kualitas six sigma pada produksi parka di Heyjacker Company. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) dengan menggunakan New seven Tools dalam setiap tahapannya. Melalui metode six sigma , dapat diketahui bahwa nilai sigma sebesar 3.96 dengan DPMO 6.911,53. Pada tahap define digunakan diagram sipoc untuk mengetahui hubungan antara proses dengan input dan output. Tahap analyze digunakan tree diagram untuk mengetahui penyebab utama dari setiap kecacatan, tahap ini merupakan pengembangan dari factor umum penyebab cacat yang sebelumnya telah dicari menggunakan diagram afinitas. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa six sigma dapat menurunkan tingkat kecacatan produk parka pada Heyjacker Company. Faktor penyebab timbulnya kecacatan dipengaruhi oleh pegawai, sarana & prasarana, teknik kerja, alat & bahan kerja. Namun, faktor pegawai dan teknik kerja mendominasi faktor penyebab timbulnya kecacatan produk parka pada Heyjacker Company. Kata kunci: Pengendalian Kualitas, Six Sigma, DMAIC, Diagram Sipoc, Tree Diagram
PENGARUH INVESTASI, PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH DAN TENAGA KERJA TERHADAP PDRB PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Maisaroh Mamai , Risyanto Havid 
Published: January 2020

The research based on economic growth neo clasic model which develop by Abramovits and Solow, they say the economic growth (in area measurment by growth of gross regional domestic product). Its depent on production factors such as capital, labor and tecnology. Althought capital based on investment and goverment expediture. While labor based on labor force work. The research focus is how investment, goverment expediture and labor according simultant and partial to gross regional domestic product of district in Banten Province. The aims of teh research in to knowing the influence of invesment, goverment expenditure and labor togross regional domestic product of district in Banten Province 2010-2015 period. The method used in this research is regression analysis of panel data and supporting sofware from eviews 9. The research study concluded invesment, goverment expenditure and labor with simultant and partial was positive and significant impact on the gross regional domestic product of district in Banten Province, so in an effort to increase GDP it is necessary that the role of local government through government policies and expenditures is expected to stimulate increased investment and employment generation in order to achieve economic growth and increase in income per capita society. Key Word : Invesment, Goverment Expenditure, Labor, GDP
PERKEMBANGAN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USAHA RESTORAN DI SOLO
Authors: Asrihapsari Andi , Setyaningsih Titik , Setiawan Doddy 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan information technology usaha restoran di wilayah Solo. Metoda pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, dengan kriteria 1) restoran ada di wilayah Solo, dan 2) data selama periode penelitian dapat diperoleh. Sedangkan metoda pengumpulan datanya menggunakan survey kuesioner. Kuesioner sebanyak 200 disebar ke restoran yang ada di wilayah Solo. Dengan pengembalian kuesioner melalui media WhatsApp, sebanyak 30 kuesioner berhasil dikumpulkan.Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Data diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Excel 2016, yang mana dibagi menjadi dua tahapan, yaitu menyusun data dalam bentuk diagram dan menganalisis data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, yang mana ditunjukkan dengan persentase sebesar 50-90%, fasilitas IT yang diadopsi oleh mayoritas restoran di Solo untuk menunjang performa restoran meliputi: 1) fasilitas Wi-Fi, 2) fasilitas pembayaran non tunai, 3) fasilitas IT terkait pembayaran pesanan, 4) fasilitas mitra transportasi online, 5) fasilitas IT kasir, 6) fasilitas media online. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, baiknya restoran sesegera mungkin mulai melakukan secara bertahap adopsi teknologi informasi di atas (sesuai hasil penelitian), agar dapat tetap bertahan dalam persaingan yang semakin ketat. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this styudy was to find out the development of information technology in restaurant businesses in the Solo region. The sampling method uses purposive sampling, with criteria 1) restaurants are in the Solo region, and 2) data during the study period can be obtained. While the data collection method uses questionnaire survey. 200 questionnaires were distributed to restaurants in the Solo area. By returning the questionnaire through WhatsApp media, 30 questionnaires were collected.This type of research is descriptive. Data is processed using Microsoft Excel 2016 application, which is divided into two stages, namely compiling data in the form of diagrams and analyzing data. Based on the results of the study, which indicated a percentage of 50-90%, IT facilities adopted by the majority of restaurants in Solo to support restaurant performance included: 1) Wi-Fi facilities, 2) non-cash payment facilities, 3) IT facilities related to payments orders, 4) online transportation partner facilities, 5) IT cashier facilities, 6) online media facilities. Based on these findings, it is good for the restaurant as soon as possible to start doing the gradual adoption of information technology (according to the research results), so that they can survive in the increasingly fierce competition.
Reform of the budget of the European Union as a process of strengthening the European identity. Are Europeans ready for it?
Authors: Nieborak Tomasz 
Published: January 2020

Stan ﬁnansów Unii Europejskiej stanowi od wielu lat przedmiot ożywionej debaty publicznej. Dotyczy to kilku elementów, z których obecnie za najważniejsze należy uznać: kryzys ﬁnansowy, sytuację w streﬁe euro, kryzys migracyjny, a w ostatnim czasie wyzwania, przed jakimi stanie Unia Europejska w sytuacji opuszczenia jej przez Wielką Brytanię. Wszystkie wymienione elementy to jedynie część aktualnych problemów mogących zadecydować o przyszłości Zjednoczonej Europy – Europy, której proces jednoczenia, mimo niewątpliwych błędów popełnionych po drodze, uznać można za zakończony sukcesem. Wydaje się wszakże, iż w pewnym momencie ideologia jednoczenia przysłoniła istotę budowania efektywnych struktur europejskich. Zaczęły bowiem dominować interesy indywidualne poszczególnych państw, a wartości przyświecające ojcom założycielom Unii Europejskiej zostały zmarginalizowane. Dowodem na to jest sytuacja budżetu ogólnego Unii Europejskiej, który w swej istocie stanowić miał instrument realizacji idei i wartości unijnych. Niestety, poprzez wprowadzanie kolejnych wyjątków od zasad nim rządzących, wyrażających się między innymi w uprzywilejowaniu poszczególnych państw, doprowadzono do tego, że w dyskusji na jego temat zaczęła dominować retoryka zamykająca się w zdaniu: „kto dał więcej, a kto mniej”. W związku z tym zatracono sens realizacji zasady solidarności, tj. faktycznego wyrównywania szans pomiędzy państwami czy też regionami, a także wartości dodanej tworzonej przez poszczególne wydatki budżetowe. Należy stwierdzić, że wzrost nastrojów antyeuropejskich w połączeniu z powolnym odchodzeniem od fundamentalnych wartości, na których historycznie budowana była Europa, godzi w kształtowanie tożsamości europejskiej. Nie wszystko jednak stracone. Konieczne jest wprowadzenie zmian, które przywrócą Europie jej europejskość i pozwolą utrzymać pozycję we współczesnym świecie. Z całą pewnością jednym z instrumentów prowadzących do tego celu powinien być budżet ogólny Unii Europejskiej, którego struktura oraz mechanizmy funkcjonowania, podobnie jak instytucje unijne, muszą być wszakże poddane reformie.
ANONİM ORTAKLIKLARIN HAKLI NEDENLE FESHİ MÜMKÜN MÜDÜR ?
Authors: SÜMER Ayşe 
Published: January 2020

In a company, decisions are taken by members, meeting together and deciding by a majority vote. But the majority cannot go on unchecked Under The Turkish Commercial Law there is some protection of the minority of members against the acts of the majority but winding up a company is not permitted. According to English and Swiss Laws, the minority shareholders can sue to the court to wind up the company on the ground that it is just and equitable that the company be wound up. The mnding up a company may be an effective gun, but it must be ıısed carefully. The courts must not strike out a petition before the hearing on that basis, unless it has no doubts. some protection of the minority of members against the acts of the majority but winding up a company is not permitted. According to English and Swiss Laws, the minority shareholders can sue to the court to wind up the company on the ground that it is just and equitable that the company be wound up. The mnding up a company may be an effective gun, but it must be ıısed carefully. The courts must not strike out a petition before the hearing on that basis, unless it has no doubts.
Pro-rich inflation in Europe: Implications for the measurement of inequality
Authors: Gürer Eren , Weichenrieder Alfons 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the distributional consequences of a systematic variation in expenditure shares and prices. Using European Union Household Budget Surveys and Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices data, we construct household-specific price indices and reveal the existence of a pro-rich inflation in Europe. Over the period 2001–15, the consumption bundles of the poorest deciles in 25 European countries have, on average, become 11.2 percentage points more expensive than those of the richest deciles. We find that ignoring the differential inflation across the distribution underestimates the change in the Gini (based on consumption expenditure) by almost up to 0.04 points. Cross-country heterogeneity in this change is large enough to alter the inequality ranking of numerous countries. The average inflation effect we detect is almost as large as the change in the standard Gini measure over the period of interest.