bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carpal tunnel syndrome in cardiac amyloidosis: implications for early diagnosis and prognostic role across the spectrum of aetiologies
Authors: Milandri Agnese , Farioli Andrea , Gagliardi Christian , Longhi Simone , Salvi Fabrizio , Curti Stefania , Foffi Serena , Caponetti Angelo Giuseppe , Lorenzini Massimiliano , Ferlini Alessandra , Rimessi Paola , Mattioli Stefano , Violante Francesco Saverio , Rapezzi Claudio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsWe aimed to assess carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) prevalence in transthyretin (TTR)‐related and light‐chain amyloidosis (AL), comparing it to the general population, adjusted for age and gender. In TTR‐related amyloidosis (ATTR) we investigated (i) CTS prevalence in relation to genotype, cardiac amyloidosis (CA), age and gender; (ii) CTS role as an incremental risk factor for CA; (iii) temporal relationship between CTS and CA; and (iv) CTS prognostic role.Methods and resultsData from 538 subjects (166 hereditary ATTR, 107 wild‐type ATTR, 196 AL amyloidosis, and 69 TTR mutation carriers; 64% male, median age 62.4 years), evaluated at our centre (Bologna, Italy), were analysed and compared to a published cohort of 14.9 million people, in which incidence rates of CTS had been estimated. CTS prevalence was highest in ATTR patients with CA (20.3% vs. 4.1% in the general population), while it was comparable to the general population when CA was absent and in AL patients. CTS standardized incidence rates were markedly elevated in ATTR males in the eighth decade of life (13.08 in hereditary ATTR, 15.5 in wild‐type ATTR). The risk of developing CA was greater in ATTR patients with CTS; the probability of having CTS was highest 5–9 years prior to CA diagnosis. CTS was an independent mortality risk factor in ATTR.ConclusionsCompared to general population the adjusted prevalence of CTS is higher among elderly men with ATTR; CTS is a prognostic marker in ATTR, independently of cardiac involvement, and precedes CA diagnosis by 5–9 years. The awareness of this association and time delay offers the possibility of an early pre‐clinical ATTR‐CA diagnosis.
Calculation of the inner‐shell contribution to the correlation energy through DLPNO‐CEPA/1 and scaled same‐spin second‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory
Authors: Sánchez Hernán R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe use of two low‐cost methods for the prediction of the inner‐shells contribution to the correlation energy is analyzed. The Spin‐Component‐Scaled second‐order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (SCS‐MP2) was reparameterized for the prediction of such contributions. The best results are found when only the same spin term is considered (SSS‐MP2). The Coupled Electron Pair Approximation (CEPA) using the Domain‐based Local Pair Natural Orbital approximation (DLPNO) was also studied for the same purpose. The methods were tested for atomization energies on the W4‐11 test set using basis sets up to quadruple zeta quality. The SSS‐MP2 proved to be a marked improvement upon MP2 decreasing the root‐mean‐square‐error (RMSE) from 0.443 to 0.302 kcal mol−1. The RMSE of DLPNO‐CEPA/1 in the test set is only 0.147 kcal mol−1 and its computational cost is very low considering the intended applications. Furthermore, a linear combination of both methods decreased the RMSE to 0.118 kcal mol−1.
miR‐4510 acts as a tumor suppressor in gastrointestinal stromal tumor by targeting APOC2
Authors: Chen Yuan , Qin Chengkun , Cui Xianping , Geng Wenmao , Xian Guozhe , Wang Zhiyi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) expression has been demonstrated in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). In this study, we aimed to determine the differential miRNAs expression in GISTs and explore the functional mechanism of differential miRNAs in GIST cells. We measured differential miRNAs in six pairs of GIST tissues and matched adjacent tissues through a high‐throughput sequencing, which was confirmed in 64 pairs of GIST tissues and adjacent tissues by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. We found that miR‐4510 expression was significantly downregulated in GIST tissues compared to matched control tissues. Luciferase reporter assay identified apolipoprotein C‐II (APOC2) as a direct target of miR‐4510. Overexpression of miR‐4510 inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of APOC2. In addition, overexpression of miR‐4510 suppressed GIST cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Overexpression of miR‐4510 also inhibited the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2, reduced the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9. APOC2 knockdown mimicked the effect of miR‐4510 overexpression. Further investigation confirmed that APOC2 was notably upregulated in GIST tissues compared to adjacent control tissues. These results suggested that miR‐4510 downregulation could promote GIST progression, including growth, invasion, and metastasis, through increasing APOC2 expression.
LncRNA H19 is involved in myocardial ischemic preconditioning via increasing the stability of nucleolin protein
Authors: Chen Cheng , Liu Meidong , Tang Yuting , Sun Hui , Lin Xiaofang , Liang Pengfei , Jiang Bimei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMyocardial ischemic preconditioning (IP) is defined as a brief period of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) that significantly reduces injury during the subsequent exposure to long‐term I/R. However, the underlying mechanisms of myocardial IP are yet to be elucidated. This study investigated the expression and roles of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in myocardial IP in vitro and in vivo. LncRNA H19 expression levels were analyzed by quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, cell viability was determined by the Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, apoptosis was evaluated based on the caspase 3 activity, and RNA immunoprecipitation was performed to examine the interaction between lncRNA H19 and nucleolin. The results of this study showed that lncRNA H19 expression was significantly upregulated in mouse hearts subjected to myocardial IP, in rat H9C2 cells exposed to H2O2 preconditioning (H2O2‐PC), and in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia preconditioning. H19 knockdown abrogated the H2O2‐PC‐mediated protection in cardiomyocytes evidenced by the decreased cell viability and increased caspase‐3 activity. Conversely, H19 overexpression enhanced the protective role of H2O2‐PC in cardiomyocytes. In addition, H19 overexpression increased the expression of nucleolin, whereas H19 ablation abrogated H2O2‐PC‐induced upregulation of nucleolin in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, H19 overexpression increased the stabilization of nucleolin; an interaction between H19 and nucleolin was identified using the RNA–protein interaction studies. Furthermore, nucleolin small interfering RNA relieved the protective role of lncRNA H19. These findings demonstrated that the lncRNA H19 is involved in myocardial IP via increasing the stability of nucleolin protein and lncRNA H19 may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of the myocardial injury.
Quiescent hepatic stellate cells induce toxicity and sensitivity to doxorubicin in cancer cells through a caspase‐independent cell death pathway: Central role of apoptosis‐inducing factor
Authors: Das Dola , Fayazzadeh Ehsan , Li Xin , Koirala Nischal , Wadera Akshay , Lang Min , Zernic Maximilian , Panick Catherine , Nesbitt Pete , McLennan Gordon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide and in the United States as its incidence has increased substantially within the past two decades. HCC therapy remains a challenge, primarily due to underlying liver disorders such as cirrhosis that determines treatment approach and efficacy. Activated hepatic stellate cells (A‐HSCs) are the key cell types involved in hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis. A‐HSCs are important constituents of HCC tumor microenvironment (TME) and support tumor growth, chemotherapy resistance, cancer cell migration, and escaping immune surveillance. This makes A‐HSCs an important therapeutic target in hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis as well as in HCC. Although many studies have reported the role of A‐HSCs in cancer generation and investigated the therapeutic potential of A‐HSCs reversion in cancer arrest, not much is known about inactivated or quiescent HSCs (Q‐HSCs) in cancer growth or arrest. Here we report that Q‐HSCs resist cancer cell growth by inducing cytotoxicity and enhancing chemotherapy sensitivity. We observed that the conditioned media from Q‐HSCs (Q‐HSCCM) induces cancer cell death through a caspase‐independent mechanism that involves an increase in apoptosis‐inducing factor expression, nuclear localization, DNA fragmentation, and cell death. We further observed that Q‐HSCCM enhanced the efficiency of doxorubicin, as measured by cell viability assay. Exosomes present in the conditioned media were not involved in the mechanism, which suggests the role of other factors (proteins, metabolites, or microRNA) secreted by the cells. Identification and characterization of these factors are important in the development of effective HCC therapy.
miR‐210 is induced by hypoxia and regulates neural cell adhesion molecule in prostate cells
Authors: Angel Charlotte Zoe , Lynch Seodhna M. , Nesbitt Heather , McKenna Michael M. , Walsh Colum P. , McKenna Declan J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHypoxia in prostate tumours has been associated with disease progression and metastasis. MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNA molecules that are important in several cell processes, but their role in hypoxic signalling is still poorly understood. miR‐210 has been linked with hypoxic mechanisms, but this relationship has been poorly characterised in prostate cancer. In this report, the link between hypoxia and miR‐210 in prostate cancer cells is investigated. Polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrates that miR‐210 is induced by hypoxia in prostate cancer cells using in vitro cell models and an in vivo prostate tumour xenograft model. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas prostate biopsy datasets shows that miR‐210 is significantly correlated with Gleason grade and other clinical markers of prostate cancer progression. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is identified as a target of miR‐210, providing a biological mechanism whereby hypoxia‐induced miR‐210 expression can contribute to prostate cancer. This study provides evidence that miR‐210 is an important regulator of cell response to hypoxic stress and proposes that its regulation of NCAM may play an important role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.
Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of acetamide and hydrazine analogues of pyrimidine
Authors: Khazir Jabeena , Mir Bilal Ahmad , Chashoo Gousia , Maqbool Tariq , Riley Darren , Pilcher Lynne 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA library of acetamide and hydrazine analogues were generated on the pyrimidine ring through a multistep reaction starting from 5‐nitro‐pyrimidine‐4,6‐diol and pyrimidine‐4,6‐diol, respectively. The synthesized analogues were screened for in vitro cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cell lines like HCT‐1 and HT‐15 (colon), MCF‐7(breast), PC‐3 (prostrate), SF268 (CNS) using MTT method. From the bioassay results, it was observed that even though many of the synthesized derivatives exhibited a good potency against various screened cancer cell lines, compound 14a from the acetamide series was found to show potent anticancer activity on all the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 value of 0.36μM on CNS cell line and 1.6μM on HT‐21 cell line, and compound 19xxi from hydrazine series of pyrimidine showed potent activity against three tested cancer cell lines with IC50 value of 0.76μM on HT‐29 cell line, 2.6μM on HCT‐15, and 3.2μM on MCF‐7 cell line.
Age at Marriage and Women's Labour Market Outcomes in India
Authors: Dhamija Gaurav , Roychowdhury Punarjit 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe examine the relationship between women's age at marriage and their labour market outcomes using nationally representative household data from India. Employing an instrumental variable‐based empirical strategy, we find that a delay in women's age at marriage has no significant causal effect on their labour market outcomes. This is despite marriage delay being associated with higher education, lower fertility and (possibly) higher dowry for Indian women. We argue that this might be because older brides, as compared with younger brides, face more backlash from their partners. This backlash effect could be offsetting the positive labour market effects of marriage delay. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwave systems design centering exploiting space mapping technology and modified trust region algorithm
Authors: Hassan Abdel‐Karim S.O. , Elqenawy Ahmed E. , Abuelfadl Tamer M. , Mohamed Ahmed S.A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSystem design centering process looks for nominal values of system designable parameters that maximize the probability of satisfying the design specifications (yield function). Statistical design centering implements a statistical analysis method such as Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) for yield function estimation and explicitly optimizes it. In this paper, we introduce a new statistical design centering technique for microwave system design. The technique combines a modified surrogate‐based derivative‐free trust region (TR) optimization algorithm and the generalized space mapping (GSM) technique. The modified TR algorithm is a derivative‐free optimization algorithm that employs quadratic surrogate models to replace the computationally expensive yield function over hyperelliptic trust regions in the optimization process. TR algorithms exhibit global convergence features irrespective the starting point setting. The new design centering approach utilizes the GSM technique to approximate the feasible region in the design parameter space with a sequence of iteratively updated space mapping (SM) surrogates. At each SM iteration, the modified TR algorithm optimizes the yield function for the current SM region approximation to get a better center. Two microwave circuit examples are used to show the effectiveness of the new design centering technique to obtain an optimal design in few SM iterations. In the design process, we employ Sonnet em for the bandstop microstrip filter design and CST Studio Suit for the ultra‐wideband (UWB) multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna.
1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging generates accurate 3D proximal femoral models: Surgical planning implications for femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Malloy Philip , Gasienica Jacob , Dawe Robert , Espinoza Orías Alejandro A. , Nwachukwu Benedict U. , Inoue Nozomu , Yanke Adam B. , Nho Shane J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to validate three‐dimensional (3D) proximal femoral surface models generated from a 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by comparing these 3D models to those derived from the clinical “gold standard” of computed tomography (CT) scan and to ground‐truth surface models obtained by laser scans (LSs) of the excised femurs. Four intact bilateral cadaveric pelvis specimens underwent CT and MRI scans and 3D surface models were generated. Six femurs were extracted from these specimens, and the overlying soft tissues were removed. The extracted femurs were then laser scanned to produce a ground‐truth surface model. A 3D‐3D registration method was used to compare the signed and absolute surface‐to‐surface distances between the 3D models. Absolute agreement was evaluated using a 95% confidence interval (CI) derived from the precision of the LS ground‐truth. Paired samples t tests and Kolmogrov–Smirnov tests were performed to compare the differences between the signed and absolute surface‐to‐surface distances between the models. The average signed surface‐to‐surface distances for the MRI vs LS and MRI vs CT models were 0.07 and 0.16 mm, respectively. These differences fell within the 95% CI of ±0.20 mm indicating absolute agreement between the surface models generated from these modalities. The signed surface‐to‐surface distance was significantly smaller for MRI vs LS ground truth model as compared with the CT vs LS model. Femoral models derived from a 1.5 T MRI scan demonstrated absolute agreement with the clinical gold standard of CT‐derived models and were most like LS ground truth models of the excised femurs.
Initiating factors for the onset of OA: A systematic review of animal bone and cartilage pathology in OA
Authors: Casper‐Taylor Michelle E. , Barr Andrew J. , Williams Sophie , Wilcox Ruth K. , Conaghan Philip G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is controversy over whether bone or cartilage is primarily involved in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis; this is important for targeting early interventions. We explored evidence from animal models of knee OA by preforming a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for original articles reporting subchondral bone and cartilage pathology in animal models with epiphyseal closure. Extracted data included: method of induction; animal model; cartilage and bone assessment and method; meniscal assessment; skeletal maturity; controls; and time points assessed. Quality scoring was performed. The best evidence was synthesized from high‐quality skeletally mature models, without direct trauma to tissues of interest and with multiple time points. Altogether, 2849 abstracts were reviewed. Forty‐seven papers were included reporting eight different methods of inducing OA, six different species, six different methods of assessing cartilage, five different bone structural parameters, and four assessed meniscus as a potential initiator. Overall, the simultaneous onset of OA in cartilage and bone was reported in 82% of datasets, 16% reported bone onset, and 2% reported cartilage onset. No dataset containing meniscal data reported meniscal onset. However, using the best evidence synthesis (n = 8), five reported simultaneous onset when OA was induced, while three reported bone onset when OA occurred spontaneously; none reported cartilage onset. In summary, there is a paucity of well‐designed studies in this area which makes the conclusions drawn conjectures rather than proven certainties. However, within the limitation of data quality, this review suggests that in animal models, the structural onset of knee OA occurs either in bone prior to cartilage pathology or simultaneously.
Clinical magnetic resonance imaging of arthroplasty at 1.5 T
Authors: Koff Matthew F. , Burge Alissa J. , Potter Hollis G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has historically been avoided for the routine clinical evaluation of metal implants at many clinical centers due to the presence of artifact that creates in‐plane and through‐plane distortions and signal intensity voids in generated images. However, when the image acquisition parameters are appropriately modified and advanced multi‐spectral pulse sequences are used, high‐quality diagnostic images can be generated and may be used for diagnosing patients with suspected periprosthetic pathology. MRI provides superior soft‐tissue contrast and excellent sensitivity for mobile water and is, therefore, a valuable tool in the evaluation of these patients, given the increasing prevalence of arthroplasty within the general population. Knowledge of expected normal postoperative appearance in patients with total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty, and total shoulder arthroplasty facilitates the detection of abnormal findings in this population, as does familiarity with common pathologic conditions encountered in the periprosthetic region. This review article will provide background information regarding the presence of image artifacts, methods to reduce the artifacts, and application of MRI at 1.5 T for evaluating common complications in subjects with total knee arthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, and total shoulder arthroplasty.
Interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor are essential in controlling an experimental orthopedic implant‐associated infection
Authors: Wang Yu , Ashbaugh Alyssa G. , Dikeman Dustin A. , Zhang Jeffrey , Ackerman Nicole E. , Kim Sophie E. , Falgons Christian , Ortines Roger V. , Liu Haiyun , Joyce Daniel P. , Alphonse Martin Prince , Dillen Carly A. , Thompson John M. , Archer Nathan K. , Miller Lloyd S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOrthopedic implant‐associated infection (OIAI) is a major complication that leads to implant failure. In preclinical models of Staphylococcus aureus OIAI, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, interleukin‐1α (IL‐1α), IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are induced, but whether they have interactive or distinctive roles in host defense are unclear. Herein, a S. aureus OIAI model was performed in mice deficient in IL‐1α, IL‐1β, or TNF. Mice deficient in IL‐1β or TNF (to a lesser extent) but not IL‐1α had increased bacterial burden at the site of the OIAI throughout the 28‐day experiment. IL‐1β and TNF had a combined and critical role in host defense as mice deficient in both IL‐1R and TNF (IL‐1R/TNF‐deficient mice) had a 40% mortality rate, which was associated with markedly increased bacterial burden at the site of the OIAI infection. Finally, IL‐1α‐ and IL‐1β‐deficient mice had impaired neutrophil recruitment whereas IL‐1β‐, TNF‐, and IL‐1R/TNF‐deficient mice all had impaired recruitment of both neutrophils and monocytes. Therefore, IL‐1β and TNF contributed to host defense against S. aureus OIAI and neutrophil recruitment was primarily mediated by IL‐1β and monocyte recruitment was mediated by both IL‐1β and TNF.
Bioavailability and prebiotic potential of Carapax Trionycis, a waste from soft‐shelled turtle processing
Authors: Wang Shasha , Chen Guangjing , Chen Kewei , Kan Jianquan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarapax Trionycis is the shell of the soft‐shelled turtle. It is rich in minerals, amino acid, peptides, and other nutrients. Current processing and consumption of soft‐shelled turtle leads to the waste of huge quantities of Carapax Trionycis in the form of spent materials. In this study, the bioavailability, prebiotic activity, and physicochemical properties of Carapax Trionycis using different processing methods were investigated. The vinegar‐quenched Carapax Trionycis (V‐CT), fine powders (D0.18, D0.10), and superfine powders (D0.05, D0.025) of Carapax Trionycis were prepared by the vinegar‐quenching method, common grinding, and the superfine grinding method.RESULTSThe average particle sizes of D0.18, D0.10, D0.05, and D0.025 were 147.82, 77.35, 36.65, and 2.24 μm, respectively. Superfine grinding changed the surface morphology of Carapax Trionycis and promoted the release of active ingredients. D0.025 had the highest polypeptide (8.15%), polysaccharide (1.21%), total free amino acid (232.36 mg 100 g−1) and water‐soluble extract content (10.74%), and showed the highest calcium release rate (55.64%) after in vitro digestion. The apparent permeability (PAPP) of the resulting Carapax Trionycis samples in the dialysis tubing model and the everted intestinal sac model increased significantly with the decrease in the Carapax Trionycis particle sizes. Furthermore, the five Carapax Trionycis samples significantly stimulated the growth of the tested probiotics and increased lactic acids production after 48 h fermentation compared to the control. The Carapax Trionycis powder prepared by superfine grinding displayed better prebiotic activity than other samples as it significantly induced a greater proliferation of probiotic bacteria and higher production of lactic acid, as well as greater release of free calcium.CONCLUSIONSThe results showed that Carapax Trionycis superfine powder D0.025 had the highest active ingredient content, calcium bioavailability, and prebiotic activity. Our approach of developing Carapax Trionycis superfine powder as natural calcium supplement or potential prebiotic would therefore broaden the scope of soft‐shelled turtle processing waste utilization in an eco‐friendly, cost‐effective, and sustainable approach in the future. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry