bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive p75 neurotrophin receptor gene network and pathway analyses identifying new target genes
Authors: Sajanti Antti , Lyne Seán B. , Girard Romuald , Frantzén Janek , Rantamäki Tomi , Heino Iiro , Cao Ying , Diniz Cassiano , Umemori Juzoh , Li Yan , Takala Riikka , Posti Jussi P. , Roine Susanna , Koskimäki Fredrika , Rahi Melissa , Rinne Jaakko , Castrén Eero , Koskimäki Janne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractP75 neurotrophic receptor (p75NTR) is an important receptor for the role of neurotrophins in modulating brain plasticity and apoptosis. The current understanding of the role of p75NTR in cellular adaptation following pathological insults remains blurred, which makes p75NTR’s related signaling networks an interesting and challenging initial point of investigation. We identifiedp75NTRand related genes through extensive data mining of a PubMed literature search including published works related to p75NTR from the past 20 years. Bioinformatic network and pathway analyses of identified genes (n = 235) were performed using ReactomeFIViz in Cytoscape based on the highly reliable Reactome functional interaction network algorithm. This approach merges interactions extracted from human curated pathways with predicted interactions from machine learning. Genome-wide pathway analysis showed total of 16 enriched hierarchical clusters. A total of 278 enriched single pathways were also identified (p < 0.05, false discovery rate corrected). Gene network analyses showed multiple known and new targets in thep75NTRgene network. This study provides a comprehensive analysis and investigation into the current knowledge of p75NTR signaling networks and pathways. These results also identify several genes and their respective protein products as involved in the p75NTR network, which have not previously been clearly studied in this pathway. These results can be used to generate novel hypotheses to gain a greater understanding of p75NTR in acute brain injuries, neurodegenerative diseases and general response to cellular damage.
Soil erodibility indices under different land uses in Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya (India)
Authors: Olaniya Manish , Bora Pradip Kumar , Das Susanta , Chanu Pukhrambam Helena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn absence of soil erosion plots for determination of erodibility index (K) for erosion models like Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) or Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to estimate soil erosion, empirical relations are used. In the present study, soil erodibility index was determined for entire Ri-bhoi district of Meghalaya based on soil physical and chemical properties through empirical relationship and presented in a map form. Dominant land uses of the district were identified through geo-spatial tools which were viz. agriculture, forest, jhum land and wasteland. Soil samples from surface depth (01–15 cm) were collected from areas of different dominant land uses. Twenty five sampling points were selected under each land use type and geo-coded them on the base map of Ri-bhoi district. Apart from K-index, Clay Ratio, Modified Clay Ratio and Critical Soil Organic Matter were also determined for understanding the effect of primary soil particles on erodibility. In agriculture land use system K-index values were found in the range of 0.08–0.41 with an average of 0.25 ± 0.02. In case of jhum, forest and wasteland these were in the range of 0.08–0.42 with an average of 0.20 ± 0.01; 0.09–0.40 with an average of 0.22 ± 0.02, and 0.10–0.34 with an average value of 0.23 ± 0.02, respectively. Clay ratio (2.74) and Modified clay ratio (2.41) were observed to be higher in forest LUS, lower clay ratio (1.97) and modified clay ratio (1.81) were found in the wasteland indicating erosion susceptibility in forested area. The values of Critical Level of Organic Matter (CLOM) for the district ranged from 4.72 to 16.56. Out of 100 samples, only one sample had CLOM value less than 5 and rest 99 samples had values more than 5 indicating that the soils of the district had moderate to stable soil structure and offer resistance to erosion. All the indices values of geo-coded points were then interpolated in the Arc-GIS environment to produce land use based maps for Ri-bhoi district of Meghalaya. As K-index is a quantitative parameter which is used in models, the index can be then interpolated for estimation of soil erosion through USLE or RUSLE for any given situation.
Increased blood BACE1 activity as a potential common pathogenic factor of vascular dementia and late onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zuliani Giovanni , Trentini Alessandro , Rosta Valentina , Guerrini Remo , Pacifico Salvatore , Bonazzi Stefania , Guiotto Anna , Passaro Angelina , Seripa Davide , Valacchi Giuseppe , Cervellati Carlo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLate onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) is traditionally considered as a separate disease from vascular dementia (VAD). However, growing evidence suggests that β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, that initiates LOAD-related neurodegeneration, is preceded by vascular events. Previous in vitro studies showed that β-secretase 1 (BACE1), the key-enzyme of amyloidogenesis, is upregulated by cerebrovascular insult; moreover, its activity is increased both in brain and serum of LOAD patients. We aimed to investigate whether BACE1 serum activity is altered also in dementias related, or not, to cerebrovascular disease. Thus, we evaluated serum BACE1 activity in a sample of individuals, including patients with LOAD (n. 175), VAD (n. 40), MIXED (LOAD/VAD) dementia (n. 123), other types of dementia (n. 56), and healthy Controls (n. 204). We found that BACE1 was significantly higher not only in LOAD (+ 30%), but also in VAD (+ 35%) and MIXED dementia (+ 22%) (p < 0.001 for all), but not in the other types of dementia (+ 10%). Diagnostic accuracy was 77% for LOAD, 83% for VAD, and 77% for MIXED dementia. In conclusion, we showed for the first time that the increase in peripheral BACE1 activity is a common feature of LOAD and VAD, thus underlying a further pathogenic link between these two forms of dementia.
Analysis of single-cell transcriptomes links enrichment of olfactory receptors with cancer cell differentiation status and prognosis
Authors: Kalra Siddhant , Mittal Aayushi , Gupta Krishan , Singhal Vrinda , Gupta Anku , Mishra Tripti , Naidu Srivatsava , Sengupta Debarka , Ahuja Gaurav 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEctopically expressed olfactory receptors (ORs) have been linked with multiple clinically-relevant physiological processes. Previously used tissue-level expression estimation largely shadowed the potential role of ORs due to their overall low expression levels. Even after the introduction of the single-cell transcriptomics, a comprehensive delineation of expression dynamics of ORs in tumors remained unexplored. Our targeted investigation into single malignant cells revealed a complex landscape of combinatorial OR expression events. We observed differentiation-dependent decline in expressed OR counts per cell as well as their expression intensities in malignant cells. Further, we constructed expression signatures based on a large spectrum of ORs and tracked their enrichment in bulk expression profiles of tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). TCGA tumor samples stratified based on OR-centric signatures exhibited divergent survival probabilities. In summary, our comprehensive analysis positions ORs at the cross-road of tumor cell differentiation status and cancer prognosis.
Unforeseen crystal forms of the natural osmolyte floridoside
Authors: Maneffa Andrew J. , Whitwood Adrian C. , Whitehouse A. Steve , Powell Hugh , Clark James H. , Matharu Avtar S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFloridoside (2-α-O-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol) is a glycerol glycoside that is biosynthesised by most species of red algae and has been implicated as an intracellular regulator of various homeostatic functions. Here, we report the identification of two unforeseen crystal forms of the ubiquitous natural osmolyte floridoside including a seemingly unheralded second anhydrous conformational polymorph and the unambiguous description of an elusive monohydrated variant. By employing a variety of thermal and spectroscopic techniques, we begin to explore both their macro and molecular physicochemical properties, which are notably different to that of the previously reported polymorph. This work advances the characterisation of this important natural biomolecule which could aid in facilitating optimised utilisation across a variety of anthropocentric applications and improve comprehension of its role in-vivo as a preeminent compatible solute.
Rewetting strategies to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from European peatlands
Authors: Liu Haojie , Wrage-Mönnig Nicole , Lennartz Bernd 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) is approximately 265 times more potent than carbon dioxide (CO2) in atmospheric warming. Degraded peatlands are important sources of N2O. The more a peat soil is degraded, the higher the N2O-N emissions from peat. In this study, soil bulk density was used as a proxy for peat degradation to predict N2O-N emissions. Here we report that the annual N2O-N emissions from European managed peatlands (EU-28) sum up to approximately 145 Gg N year−1. From the viewpoint of greenhouse gas emissions, highly degraded agriculturally used peatlands should be rewetted first to optimally reduce cumulative N2O-N emissions. Compared to a business-as-usual scenario (no peatland rewetting), rewetting of all drained European peatlands until 2050 using the suggested strategy reduces the cumulative N2O-N emissions by 70%. In conclusion, the status of peat degradation should be made a pivotal criterion in prioritising peatlands for restoration.
Aerodynamic and Acoustic Voice Measures Before and After an Acute Public Speaking Stressor
Authors: Perrine Brittany L. , Scherer Ronald C. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The goal of this study was to determine if differences in stress system activation lead to changes in speaking fundamental frequency, average oral airflow, and estimated subglottal pressure before and after an acute, psychosocial stressor.

Method
Eighteen vocally healthy adult females experienced the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to activate the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. The TSST includes public speaking and performing mental arithmetic in front of an audience. At seven time points, three before the stressor and four after the stressor, the participants produced /pa/ repetitions, read the Rainbow Passage, and provided a saliva sample. Measures included (a) salivary cortisol level, (b) oral airflow, (c) estimated subglottal pressure, and (d) speaking fundamental frequency from the second sentence of the Rainbow Passage.

Results
Ten of the 18 participants experienced a hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis response to stress as indicated by a 2.5-nmol/L increase in salivary cortisol from before the TSST to after the TSST. Those who experienced a response to stress had a significantly higher speaking fundamental frequency before and immediately after the stressor than later after the stressor. No other variable varied significantly due to the stressor.

Conclusions
This study suggests that the idiosyncratic and inconsistent voice changes reported in the literature may be explained by differences in stress system activation. In addition, laryngeal aerodynamic measures appear resilient to changes due to acute stress. Further work is needed to examine the influence of other stress systems and if these findings hold for dysphonic individuals.
Narrative Language Markers of Arabic Language Development and Impairment
Authors: Rakhlin Natalia V. , Li Nan , Aljughaiman Abdullah , Grigorenko Elena L. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
We examined indices of narrative microstructure as metrics of language development and impairment in Arabic-speaking children. We examined their age sensitivity, correlations with standardized measures, and ability to differentiate children with average language and language impairment.

Method

We collected story narratives from 177 children (54.2% boys) between 3.08 and 10.92 years old (
M
= 6.25,
SD
= 1.67) divided into six age bands. Each child also received standardized measures of spoken language (Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary, Sentence Imitation, and Pseudoword Repetition). Several narrative indices of microstructure were examined in each age band. Children were divided into (suspected) developmental language disorder and typical language groups using the standardized test scores and compared on the narrative indicators. Sensitivity and specificity of the narrative indicators that showed group differences were calculated.

Results

The measures that showed age sensitivity included subject omission error rate, number of object clitics, correct use of subject–verb agreement, and mean length of utterance in words. The developmental language disorder group scored higher on subject omission errors (Cohen's
d
= 0.55) and lower on correct use of subject–verb agreement (Cohen's
d
= 0.48) than the typical language group. The threshold for impaired performance with the highest combination of specificity and sensitivity was 35th percentile.

Conclusions
Several indices of narrative microstructure appear to be valid metrics for documenting language development in children acquiring Gulf Arabic. Subject omission errors and correct use of subject–verb agreement differentiate children with typical and atypical levels of language development.
Social Communication and Structural Language of Girls With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Burton Jenny M. , Creaghead Nancy A. , Silbert Noah , Breit-Smith Allison , Duncan Amie W. , Grether Sandra M. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to characterize social communication and structural language of school-age girls with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) compared to a matched group of girls who are typically developing (TD).

Method
Participants were 37 girls between 7;5 and 15;2 (years;months)—18 HF-ASD and 19 TD. Children completed the Test of Pragmatic Language–Second Edition (TOPL-2) and Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition. Parents completed the Children's Communication Checklist–2 United States Edition (CCC-2) and Receptive and Expressive Communication subdomains of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition.

Results
In the area of social communication, girls with HF-ASD earned significantly lower scores and were more often classified as having an impairment on the TOPL-2 and the CCC-2. However, 28% and 33% earned average scores on the TOPL-2 and the CCC-2, respectively. In the area of structural language, no significant differences were found between groups on Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fifth Edition indexes. In contrast, girls with HF-ASD earned significantly lower scores and were more often classified as having an impairment on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–Second Edition. Sixty-one percent and 83% scored below average on the Receptive and Expressive Communication subdomains, respectively.

Conclusions
It has been argued that girls with HF-ASD, when compared to boys with HF-ASD, may have advantages for social communication and structural language that mask their impairments. However, when compared to girls who are TD, girls with HF-ASD demonstrated impaired social communication and structural language. Clinicians should include and carefully examine multiple sources of information when assessing girls with HF-ASD.
Source-region characteristics of anemone active regions in the ascending phase of solar cycle 24
Authors: Sharma R. , Cid C. 
Published: September 2020

Context. Active regions in close proximity to coronal holes, also known as anemone regions, are the best candidates for studying the interaction between closed and open magnetic field topologies at the Sun. Statistical investigation of their source-region characteristics can provide vital clues regarding their possible association with energetic events, relevant from space weather perspectives.
Aims. The main goal of our study is to understand the distinct properties of flaring and non-flaring anemone active regions and their host coronal holes, by examining spatial and magnetic field distributions during the rise phase of the solar cycle, in the years 2011–2014.
Methods. Anemone regions were identified from the minimum-distance threshold, estimated using the data available in the online catalogs for on-disk active regions and coronal holes. Along with the source-region area and magnetic field characteristics, associated filament and flare cases were also located. Regions with and without flare events were further selected for a detailed statistical examination to understand the major properties of the energetic events, both eruptive and confined, at the anemone-type active regions.
Results. Identified anemone regions showed weak asymmetry in their spatial distribution over the solar disk, with yearly average independent from mean sunspot number trend, during the rise phase of solar cycle 24. With the progression in solar cycle, the area and minimum-distance parameters indicated a decreasing trend in their magnitudes, while the magnetic field characteristics indicated an increase in their estimated magnitudes. More than half of the regions in our database had an association with a filament structure, and nearly a third were linked with a magnetic reconnection (flare) event. Anemone regions with and without flares had clear distinctions in their source-region characteristics evident from the distribution of their properties and density analysis. The key differences included larger area and magnetic field magnitudes for flaring anemone regions, along with smaller distances between the centers of the active region and its host coronal hole.
Direct confirmation of the radial-velocity planetβPictoris c
Authors: Nowak M. , Lacour S. , Lagrange A.-M. , Rubini P. , Wang J. , Stolker T. , Abuter R. , Amorim A. , Asensio-Torres R. , Bauböck M. , Benisty M. , Berger J. P. , Beust H. , Blunt S. , Boccaletti A. , Bonnefoy M. , Bonnet H. , Brandner W. , Cantalloube F. , Charnay B. , Choquet E. , Christiaens V. , Clénet Y. , Coudé du Foresto V. , Cridland A. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Dembet R. , Dexter J. , Drescher A. , Duvert G. , Eckart A. , Eisenhauer F. , Gao F. , Garcia P. , Garcia Lopez R. , Gardner T. , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Girard J. , Grandjean A. , Haubois X. , Heißel G. , Henning T. , Hinkley S. , Hippler S. , Horrobin M. , Houllé M. , Hubert Z. , Jiménez-Rosales A. , Jocou L. , Kammerer J. , Kervella P. , Keppler M. , Kreidberg L. , Kulikauskas M. , Lapeyrère V. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Léna P. , Mérand A. , Maire A.-L. , Mollière P. , Monnier J. D. , Mouillet D. , Müller A. , Nasedkin E. , Ott T. , Otten G. , Paumard T. , Paladini C. , Perraut K. , Perrin G. , Pueyo L. , Pfuhl O. , Rameau J. , Rodet L. , Rodríguez-Coira G. , Rousset G. , Scheithauer S. , Shangguan J. , Stadler J. , Straub O. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , Tacconi L. J. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Vigan A. , Vincent F. , von Fellenberg S. D. , Ward-Duong K. , Widmann F. , Wieprecht E. , Wiezorrek E. , Woillez J. ,   the GRAVITY Collaboration
Published: September 2020

Context.Methods used to detect giant exoplanets can be broadly divided into two categories: indirect and direct. Indirect methods are more sensitive to planets with a small orbital period, whereas direct detection is more sensitive to planets orbiting at a large distance from their host star. This dichotomy makes it difficult to combine the two techniques on a single target at once.Aims.Simultaneous measurements made by direct and indirect techniques offer the possibility of determining the mass and luminosity of planets and a method of testing formation models. Here, we aim to show how long-baseline interferometric observations guided by radial-velocity can be used in such a way.Methods.We observed the recently-discovered giant planetβPictoris c with GRAVITY, mounted on the Very Large Telescope Interferometer.Results.This study constitutes the first direct confirmation of a planet discovered through radial velocity. We find that the planet has a temperature ofT = 1250 ± 50 K and a dynamical mass ofM = 8.2 ± 0.8 MJup. At 18.5 ± 2.5 Myr, this putsβPic c close to a ‘hot start’ track, which is usually associated with formation via disk instability. Conversely, the planet orbits at a distance of 2.7 au, which is too close for disk instability to occur. The low apparent magnitude (MK = 14.3 ± 0.1) favours a core accretion scenario.Conclusions.We suggest that this apparent contradiction is a sign of hot core accretion, for example, due to the mass of the planetary core or the existence of a high-temperature accretion shock during formation.
A Case Report of Dendritic Fibromyxolipoma in the Back of Pediatric Patient
Authors: Jin Yanling , Zhang Lizhi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective To investigate the pathologic features and differential diagnosis of a pediatric dendritic fibromyxolipoma (DFML).
Methods We collected one case of dendritic fibromyxolipoma in the back of a pediatric patient (6 years old, female) diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. The case of DFML was studied by H&E and MaxVision immunohistochemical staining. The clinical and pathological features were analyzed with review of the literatures
Results The tumor was round or ovoid in shape and appeared in the surface of back. Microscopically, the tumor was mainly consisted of stellate to spindle cells, rope-like collagen fibers and varying amount of mature lipocytes embedded in myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that spindle cells and stellate cells were positive for vimentin, CD34 and BCL-2.
Conclusion DFML is a rare special variant of lipoma. It is benign, and it seems to be misdiagnosed as myxoid liposarcoma prior to the admission to our hospital. The pathological histomorphology and immunohistochemistry phenotypes are helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Given that DFML mainly occurs in the elderly, this case is rare and worthy to be reported since it occurs in children.