bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do students' information world maps change while developing their thesis topics? A longitudinal study using arts‐based elicitation interviews
Authors: Tsai Tien‐I , Chen Hsuan‐Ju , Tai Chen‐Hsuan , Chen Yi‐Ling 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIt is challenging for master's students, as novice researchers, to gather information throughout the process of thesis topic development. Information world mapping (IWM) provides a framework to depict a wide range of information activities and practices as well as the items, places, and relationships involved in a specific context from individuals' perspectives. The current study used IWM visual elicitation interviews to conduct a longitudinal study with 14 master's students at three iSchools. Since students typically develop their thesis topics throughout the first year in the master's program, each student was asked to draw an IWM during the interview after the first and second semesters ended. Situational analysis and qualitative content analysis were used to analyze the data. While students' IWMs remained similar in composition, their IWMs mainly changed in viewpoints of the world based on their work pace and relationships with various sources. Suggestions are provided based on the findings.
Leveraging funds of knowledge to manage privacy practices in families
Authors: Subramaniam Mega , Kumar Priya , Morehouse Shandra , Liao Yuting , Vitak Jessica 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTInformation and communication technologies play a critical role at home, school, and work for people of all ages. At the same time, use of these technologies can present challenges to privacy and security. In this study, we apply the concept of funds of knowledge to understand how families develop knowledge and skills around using technology and protecting personal information. Funds of knowledge explains how people gain knowledge and highlights how learning happens in a variety of environments beyond the classroom. Through interviews with 52 families living in economically disadvantaged communities in the United States, we develop a typology of privacy funds of knowledge in families. We also explore how privacy funds of knowledge inform families' privacy practices. We conclude the paper by identifying how these findings inform the development of resources for families to further enhance their digital practices.
Performance of citations and altmetrics in the social sciences and humanities
Authors: Yang Siluo , Zheng Mengxue 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIt has always been argued that social sciences and humanities (SSH) impact evaluation calls for a broader range of indicators than only bibliometric indicators. This study analyzes the performance of scientific SSH publications using 1,327,924 records from the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), and 629,586 records from Altmetric.com. The research covers a period of 5 years (2013–2017); three publication types (articles, reviews, and proceedings papers); four selected subject fields; three citation indicators; and 13 altmetric indicators. The comparative analysis of SSH performance is studied in both citation and altmetric pattern, and an attempt is made to interpret the results in both the metric and discipline contexts. Major contributions of this study include the extension of analysis methods for the SSH, as well as the validation of altmetric indicators.
Dataset bias: A case study for visual question answering
Authors: Das Anubrata , Anjum Samreen , Gurari Danna 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTWe examine the issue of bias in datasets designed to train visual question answering (VQA) algorithms. These datasets include a collection of natural language questions about images (aka ‐ visual questions). We consider three popular datasets that are captured by people with sight, people who are blind, and generated by computers. We first demonstrate that machine learning algorithms can be trained to recognize each dataset's bias, and so determine the source of a novel visual question. We then discuss potential risks and benefits of biased VQA datasets and corresponding machine learning algorithms that can identify the source of a visual question; e.g., whether it comes from a person with sight, a person who is blind, or bot (aka ‐ computer). Our ultimate aim is to inspire the development of more inclusive VQA systems.
Lack of the normative lens: Discussions on research on micro‐targeted ads explanation of Facebook
Authors: Ma Yuanye 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper observes that studies on the explanation of recommender systems lack a normative lens. Specifically, it uses Facebook's micro‐targeted advertisement explanations as a case for discussion, and shows how research mostly take a descriptive lens and focus on answering the what and how questions while the normative questions concerning how things should be are under explored. The paper argues that the normative and descriptive lenses are interdependent, and the lack of the normative lens contributes to inconsistent research suggestions. Explicitly putting on a normative lens is how researchers could avoid potential conflict among multiple normative goals.
Effects of a gamified learning platform on elementary school students' flow experiences in leisure reading
Authors: Mak Martin Ting Fung , Wang Meng , Chu Kai Wah Samuel 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTReading is the basis of most learning but is regarded by students as a boring activity in Hong Kong. Therefore, schools in Hong Kong have launched different reading programs to promote reading. One of the successful examples is Reading Battle which gamifies the reading comprehension assessments with points, levels, e‐badges and leaderboard on an interactive learning platform. This study looked into how gamification affected the flow experience of students and discussed to what extent the nine flow dimensions were experienced by them, especially the heavy users of the gamified learning platform. This case study chose nine students from four different elementary schools in Hong Kong and adopted a mixed method such as questionnaires and interviews. While many students first did it for external motivation such as getting more points and ranking high on the leaderboard, the study found that the heavy users of Reading Battle became committed to reading and many enjoyed the flow experiences where they seemed to forget about time and discomfort and truly enjoyed the reading process.
Developing a Work‐Identifier Allocation Algorithm to FRBRize KORMARC Records
Authors: Yun Jaehyuk 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTDisplaying search results by work requires clustering related works by assigning every Machine‐Readable Cataloging (MARC) record a work‐identifier. Although the manual assignment of work‐identifiers may be unfeasible in some cases due to a high number of records, developing an instance‐appropriate algorithm provides a convenient solution by enabling automated allocation. This study attempted to find a method to automatically convert the National Library of Korea (NLK) data to Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) structure. However, there were some problems with the Korean MARC (KORMARC) records of the NLK. The NLK uses principally an added entry field (7XX) than a main entry field (1XX) and most 7XX fields do not have relator terms, and which makes us not to know the representative author of books when there are several contributors (multiple 7XX fields). Accordingly, this study seeks to maximize accuracy in cases of works with more than two contributors without using a main entry field or authority data by investigating the possibility of shifting from KORMARC to the FRBR.
Information behaviour and practises research informing technology and service design
Authors: Huvila Isto , Enwald Heidi , Eriksson‐Backa Kristina , Liu Ying‐Hsang , Hirvonen Noora 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTA common critique is that insights from information behaviour and practises (IBP) research have difficulties to find their way to inform the design of new technologies, systems and services. There is a certain seed of truth of these statements but the situation is much more complex as are the requirements to improve the relevance of empirical observations of information activities for design and development. This panel enquires into how different approaches to IBP research can inform technology and service development in different ways, how to support interdisciplinary dialogue between IBP and systems and service design, and what novel insights from the state‐of‐the‐art of IBP research can be drawn to support technology and service development.
Information seeking at the intersection of search, learning, inquiry, and creativity: Sharing stories to inform creative research
Authors: Twidale Michael , Rieh Soo Young 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis alternative event brings together researchers, practitioners, and students who are interested in developing new research ideas and methods by engaging in a series of activities around sharing stories about information seeking that helped their learning and inspired their creativity. Although storytelling is well established within Library and Information Science, it is not normally used to inform research about search. However we believe it has great potential in inspiring creative research about creativity.
Information science education and library and information studies education: Transnational conversations
Authors: Weech Terry , Chu Clara M. , Hirsh Sandra , Julien Heidi , Kennan Mary Anne , Velasquez Diane L. , Narayan Bhuva 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe panel/round‐table will explore the status of the education of information professionals internationally, with a focus on a review of the status of Library and Information Studies, Information Science, and Information Professional education programs in the U.S., Canada and Australia. Similarities and differences between programs in each country specific to the information professions will be analyzed. The analysis will include a review of the quality assessment of programs, and specific issues related to their success, and concerns about the future of programs in each case. The impact of the iSchool movement will be examined.
Semiglobal output feedback control for uncertain nontriangular nonlinear systems with sector‐bounded unknown measurement
Authors: Li Ting , Yang Jun , Li Shihua , Guo Lei 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe problem of semiglobal stabilization for nontriangular nonlinear systems with unknown control coefficients and uncertain output function is investigated in this paper. By virtue of homogeneous domination technique, a novel nonrecursive design approach is presented to construct the semiglobal controller. To that end, a new output‐driven reduce‐order observer is developed to estimate the unmeasurable states. Moreover, it has been shown that we can determine the maximal sector bound of output function, in which an output feedback controller can be designed to render the closed‐loop system semiglobally stable. The effectiveness of controller is demonstrated by a ship simulation.
Preparation and Characterization of Polyamide‐6/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Microspheres
Authors: Zhang Na , Zhao Xingke , Fu Xubing , Zhao Dajiang , Yang Guisheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn effective method of in‐situ anionic ring‐opening polymerization of caprolactam (CL) is adopted to prepare polyamide‐6 (PA6)/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composite microspheres utilizing reaction‐induced phase inversion of polymer pairs PA6/polystyrene (PS) with the presence of graphene oxide (GO). The reduction of GO with CL as reducing agent in the preparation process of microspheres is studied in detail. The morphology, functional groups, crystallization properties and thermal stability of PA6‐based composite microspheres are analyzed by different techniques (i. e. SEM, TEM, FTIR, DSC and TGA). Results indicate that both crystallinity and melting temperature of PA6/RGO composite microspheres are improved by RGO inclusion, and the thermal property of PA6/RGO microspheres is obviously better than that of neat PA6 microspheres.
Pd(II) and Pt(II) Metallacycles with Unsymmetrical Ylide: Antiproliferative Effects and Application in Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol
Authors: Hashemi Mojdeh Sadat , Sabounchei Seyyed Javad , Karamian Roya , Moazzami Farida Seyed Hamed , Rahmani Nosrat , Roushani Mahmoud , Van Hecke Kristof 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNew Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes are described in which the multidentate phosphorus ylides [Ph2P(CH2)nPPh2=C(H)C(O)C6H4‐p‐OCH3] (n=1, (Y1); n=2, (Y2)) act as P,C chelating ligands. The chelating ability of these ligands resulted in the formation of [MBr2{K2(P,C)‐Y1}] (M=Pd (1), Pt (2)); [MBr2{K2(P,C)‐Y2}] (M=Pd (3), Pt (4) complexes, which were investigated using physicochemical techniques. X‐ray diffraction studies of a single crystal of complex 2 confirmed the structure of the five‐membered ring. Owing to the redox activity of phosphorus‐ylide complexes, their electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol has been studied. All compounds were found to possess the anti‐proliferative potency against MCF‐7 (breast carcinoma), A549 (non‐small lung carcinoma) and AGS (gastric carcinoma) cell lines with average IC50 values in the range of 14.53 to 287.92 μM. In general, the compounds Y1, Y2, 2, and 3 displayed high anticancer activities compared to 1 and 4. The antioxidant activity of the compounds, which was estimated by 1, 1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, was moderate to strong with IC50 values in the range 0.18 to 0.59 mg mL−1.
Effect of Substitutions on 1, 4‐Dihdropyridines to Achieve Potential Anti‐Microbial Drugs: A Review
Authors: Malhi Dharambeer S. , Kaur Manvinder , Sohal Harvinder S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract1,4‐Dihydropyridines shows good to excellent activity against various microbial strains and their activity can be moulded to the desired extent. Electron withdrawing aromatic groups at position C‐4, esters on C‐3 & C‐5, and small alkyl groups on C‐2 & C‐6 are the best substitutions to achieve potent anti‐microbial drug. Understanding this concept a new age anti‐microbial agents can be synthesized with next level of potency.
The Structure and Properties of a Novel Hydroxyl‐Terminated Hyperbranched Polymer for Inhibiting Shale Hydration
Authors: Wang Hao , Pu Xiaolin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo inhibit the hydration and dispersion of shale, a hydroxyl‐terminated hyperbranched polymer (β‐CD‐HBP‐OH) was synthesized by the green raw materials: β–cyclodextrin and glycerol carbonate. The chemical structure of β‐CD‐HBP‐OH was characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). As an inhibitor, β‐CD‐HBP‐OH possessed smaller hydrodynamic radius with less chain entanglement, demonstrating favourable rheology properties. The dominated hyperbranched structure and terminal hydroxyl groups of β‐CD‐HBP‐OH improved the inhibition by uniform adsorption and bridging. The recovery rates of shale cuttings were higher than 50% when β‐CD‐HBP‐OH exceed 1 wt %. The Zeta potential absolute values of the base slurry were reduced from 40.9 mV to 13.4 mV by β‐CD‐HBP‐OH's adsorption. The particle size of the base slurry was also increased from 2.017 μm to 4.026 μm by bridging effect. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggested β‐CD‐HBP‐OH decreased the water content of bentonite from 8.04% to 0.59%. Upon scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, more assemble bentonite aggregates were observable after β‐CD‐HBP‐OH treatment. Finally, the interaction between bentonite and β‐CD‐HBP‐OH was further confirmed by the FT‐IR spectrum and the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum.
Synthesis of 13,14‐Dehydro‐prostaglandins Synthetic Analogues: A Review
Authors: Monteiro Sara , Paraskevopoulos Georgios , Imramovský Aleš 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProstaglandins (PG) are a group of lipid mediators with several biological activities. Their structure includes a five‐membered ring and two lateral chains (α and ω‐ chains). Due to their pharmaceutical and veterinary applications numerous synthetic analogues have been prepared and are described in literature. 13,14‐dehydroPG are synthetic analogues including a triple bond in their skeleton which provide them a more preferable biological behaviour. However, these compounds require special approaches for their synthesis and attachment of its ω‐chain when compared with allylic PG (double bond at position 13–14 of PG numbering). This review intends to summarize available strategies for the introduction of the ω‐chains when a triple bond moiety (at position C13‐14) is present.
Efficient Synthesis of Benzofurans via Cross‐Coupling of Catechols with Hydroxycoumarins Using O2 as an Oxidant Catalyzed by AlPO4‐Supported Rh Nanoparticle
Authors: Maeno Zen , Yamamoto Masanobu , Mitsudome Takato , Mizugaki Tomoo , Jitsukawa Koichiro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of benzofuran derivatives via the cross‐coupling of catechols and hydroxycoumarins in H2O using O2 as an ideal oxidant is reported. The above reaction allows the direct use of substrates without prefunctionalization, involves formation of C−C and C−O bonds in cascade manner, and affords H2O as the sole by‐product. This simple and clean reaction is achieved by the development of an AlPO4‐supported Rh nanoparticle catalyst. The catalyst was applicable to the synthesis of a wide range of benzofurans. We also successfully utilized this catalytic method for total synthesis of flemichapparin C, one of the naturally occurring coumestans exhibiting bioactivity. The combined functions of Rh nanoparticles and AlPO4 play a key role in this reaction where in situ generated o‐benzoquinone by Rh nanoparticles is possibly an intermediate for nucleophilic addition to hydroxycoumarins on AlPO4.
Chiral Squaramide Catalyzed Asymmetric [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction for Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated Barbituric Acid Derivatives
Authors: An Tian‐Li , Du Da‐Ming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA squaramide catalyzed asymmetric Michael/Mannich [3+2] cycloaddition reaction between N‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl isatin ketimines and barbiturate‐based olefins was developed. The corresponding trifluoromethylated dispirobarbituric acid derivatives containing three stereocenters were obtained in excellent yields and stereoselectivities (up to 99% yield, 99:1 dr and >99% ee). In addition, the gram‐scale reaction also achieved with excellent yield and stereoselectivity.
Enhanced Epoxy/GO Composites Mechanical and Thermal Properties by Removing Air Bubbles with Shear Mixing and Ultrasonication
Authors: Chisty Adib H. , Mallik Abul K. , Robel Fataha N. , Shahruzzaman Md. , Haque Papia , Hossain Khandker S. , Khan Ruhul A. , Rahman Mohammed Mizanur 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEpoxy‐graphene oxide composites were prepared through the homogeneous dispersion of graphene oxide (GO) in epoxy via shear mixing and ultrasonication techniques. Mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were evaluated. Final composite samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and x‐ray diffraction analyses. The thickness of the prepared GO sheet was calculated by atomic force microscopy. Herein, we report a remarkable enhancement in thermal along with mechanical properties of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA) based epoxy matrix upon adding small amounts (≤1.5 wt%) of GO into the glassy epoxy system. With the incorporation of only 0.5 wt% GO the tensile strength and Young's modulus were found to be increased by 67.4% and 43.2%, respectively compared to neat epoxy; in addition, 3.7 folds improvement was achieved in the impact strength at the same GO content. In agreement with mechanical properties, resulting composites also showed better thermal stability together with promising improvement in glass transition temperature. The glass transition temperature was enhanced by 25.8 °C for the composite with 0.1 wt% GO. Therefore, the prepared composite will have potential applicability in the field of material science with improved mechanical and thermal response.
Synthetic Studies Toward the Flatworm‐Derived Alkaloid Pseudocerosine
Authors: Kim Se Hun , Sperry Jonathan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPseudocerosine, the pigment responsible for the vivid blue spots along the tunic rim of the marine flatworm Pseudoceros indicus, possesses a molecular framework that is unique among heteroaromatic natural products. Herein we provide an overview of several synthetic approaches to the alkaloid pseudocerosine, focusing in particular on the azafulvene‐embedded azepinoindole and the aminal moiety. Two distinct approaches to the azepinoindole core were successful. The first involved C−H borylation of a tryptamine derivative followed by Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling with an α‐bromoenone and base mediated cyclisation. The second involved the selective formation of a conjugated enamine from a tryptamine and an enone, followed by an acid‐mediated Mannich‐type enamine cyclisation. It has also been demonstrated that the unusual aminal present in pseudocerosine can be installed by the reaction of acetamide with a pyridoindole‐based iminium ion. These studies provide valuable insight into the reactivity and stability of the pseudocerosine core structure and serve as a platform for its total synthesis.
Moderne Separatoren in der Stärkeindustrie
Authors: Hoffmann W. 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung

Der Stärkeindustrie stehen Düsenseparatoren verschiedener Größe jeweils in normaler Ausführung und vor allem in zwei Spezialausführungen zur Verfügung, nämlich mit Waschvorrichtung oder mit innerer Zirkulation.
Die innere und die äußere Zirkulation und ihre Bedeutung für die Konzentrationsregelung wurden besprochen.
Für die Anwendung von Separatoren in der Maisund in der Kartoffelstärkefabrik wurden Beispiele gebracht und das in der Verfahrenstechnik für Gegenstromprozesse typische Rücklaufverhältnis erwähnt.
Zur schnellen Beurteilung der Betriebsweise von Düsenseparatoren wurde das °Bé‐Mengen‐Bild vorgeschlagen.
Eine besondere Bauart eines Konzentrationsreglers für Separatorenanlagen wurde beschrieben.