bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural Rubber Latex and Its Effects on Some Properties of Bitumen.
Authors: Osei T.  , Tagbor T.  A.  , Awudza J. A.M.  
Published: January 2020

:
In Ghana, the main binder for asphalt roads is bitumen. However there are many cases of early road deterioration resulting sometimes from effects of temperature on asphalt binder (bitumen). For this reason several studies are on-going to develop bitumen suitable for the climatic condition in the country. This study examines some physical properties such as softening point temperature, viscosity, penetration temperature and specific gravity and chemical functionalities, peak intensity and new functional group of AC 10 grade bitumen modified with natural rubber latex (L) at levels between 1-5% and 10% as well as its effect on aging at 5 and 10% blends. Standard methods of determinations of the physical properties, Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) Test and Short term aging test were employed. Results indicated that upon addition of 1% natural rubber latex, all the properties tested decrease. Further increasing the percentage of natural rubber latex decreases penetration point but the softening point temperature, specific gravity and viscosity increases. Spectroscopy analysis result revealed that there was no change in peaks intensities of the blends as compared to the conventional bitumen. Aging test results indicated a change in mass of 0.112% for 5% blend and 0.152% for 10% blend. The study has shown that natural rubber could improve some properties of bitumen andcould be used for constructing more durable roads.
Quality of Life of Women After a First Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using a Self-Management Support mHealth App in Taiwan: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hou I-Ching , Lin Hsin-Yi , Shen Shan-Hsiang , Chang King-Jen , Tai Hao-Chih , Tsai Ay-Jen , Dykes Patricia C 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThere are over 2 million newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer worldwide with more than 10,000 cases in Taiwan each year. During 2017-2018, the National Yang-Ming University, the Taiwan University of Science and Technology, and the Taiwan Breast Cancer Prevention Foundation collaborated to develop a breast cancer self-management support (BCSMS) mHealth app for Taiwanese women with breast cancer.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the quality of life (QoL) of women with breast cancer in Taiwan after using the BCSMS app.MethodsAfter receiving a first diagnosis of breast cancer, women with stage 0 to III breast cancer, who were recruited from social networking sites or referred by their oncologists or oncology case managers, were randomized 1:1 into intervention and control groups. Intervention group subjects used the BCSMS app and the control group subjects received usual care. Two questionnaires—the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality-of-Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and the EORTC Breast Cancer-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (QLQ-BR23)—were distributed to subjects in both arms. Paper-based questionnaires were used at baseline; paper-based or Web-based questionnaires were used at 1.5-month and 3-month follow-up evaluations. All evaluations were self-assessed and anonymous, and participants were blinded to their allocation groups. Descriptive analysis, the Pearson chi-square test, analysis of variance, and the generalized estimating equation were used to analyze the data. Missing values, with and without multi-imputation techniques, were used for sensitivity analysis.ResultsA total of 112 women were enrolled and randomly allocated to either the experimental group (n=53) or control group (n=59). The follow-up completion rate was 89.3% (100/112). The demographic data showed homogeneity between the two groups in age (range 50-64 years), breast cancer stage (stage II), marital status (married), working status (employed), and treatment status (receiving treatments). The mean total QoL summary scores from the QLQ-C30 (83.45 vs 82.23, P=.03) and the QLQ-BR23 (65.53 vs 63.13, P=.04) were significantly higher among the experimental group versus the control group, respectively, at 3 months.ConclusionsThis research provides support for using a mobile health care app to promote the QoL among women in Taiwan after a first diagnosis of breast cancer. The BCSMS app could be used to support disease self-management, and further evaluation of whether QoL is sustained is warranted.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT004174248; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04174248
Uma análise do aconselhamento “Por que você deve votar em Bolsonaro?”, do pastor Silas Malafaia, no canal do Youtube: produção e recepção de discursos nas redes sociais, sob a perspectiva semiolinguística
Authors: Melo Mônica Santos de Souza 
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho faz parte de um projeto mais amplo que visa estudar a articulação entre os domínios de prática discursiva religioso e político, efetivada por meio das novas tecnologias digitais de comunicação. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a situação de comunicação, tanto do ponto de vista da instância de produção quanto da instância de recepção, de um aconselhamento promovido pelo pastor Silas Malafaia, no seu canal do Youtube, incitando os internautas a votarem no então candidato à presidência da República Jair Bolsonaro. Para isso, partimos de um estudo do esquema enunciativo e da organização argumentativa do discurso focalizado, incluindo uma reflexão sobre a identidade discursiva construída pelo enunciador, para, em seguida, analisar a sua repercussão entre os internautas. Procuramos abordar a produção e a recepção do discurso no escopo da Teoria Semiolinguística do Discurso, de Patrick Charaudeau (2001, 2006, 2008, 2010). O estudo constatou que o pastor concilia, em sua fala, componentes das formações discursivas religiosa e política, recorrendo a categorias linguísticas, ordenadas em função da finalidade de incitação, e materializadas por procedimentos ligados à organização argumentativa do discurso. Verificou, também, que as reações dos internautas, reveladas pelos comentários publicados, revelam vozes dissonantes, que caracterizam a plataforma como um espaço de polêmica. Tudo isso contribui para a construção do capital social do enunciador e, consequentemente, do candidato que ele tenta promover.
Consideraciones en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje para un primer curso de programación de computadores: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Jiménez-Toledo Javier A. , Collazos Cesar , Revelo-Sánchez Oscar 
Published: January 2020

Los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la formación de futuros constructores de software han tomado especial importancia en los últimos años, al punto de que esta ya no es una preocupación exclusiva del campo ingenieril, sino en ella convergen profesionales de diversas áreas como la psicología, la pedagogía, el diseño gráfico, las licenciaturas, etc. Aunque existen algunos trabajos desarrollados, no se encuentra un estudio sistemático que recopile las principales problemáticas y las prácticas actuales para afrontar un primer curso de programación. Es por eso que en este artículo se presenta una revisión sistemática de la literatura, con el propósito de exponer los estudios adelantados en los primeros cursos de programación de computadores, en carreas profesionales que forman constructores de software. Con este objetivo, se hizo una exploración en cuatro bases de datos de referencias bibliográficas de publicaciones científicas, en las cuales se hallaron 106 estudios divulgados en los últimos siete años. Tras una detallada inspección, se determinó que 46 de estos coinciden con los criterios de la revisión, lo que da como resultado la recopilación de las principales experiencias y prácticas reportadas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la programación de computadores. Además, la revisión sistemática permitió determinar las problemáticas asociadas, un listado de 33 herramientas de software, 36 estrategias de trabajo, 18 consideraciones metodológicas, importantes recomendaciones y las tendencias futuras para afrontar un primer curso de programación de computadores. Este artículo es una fuente importante de partida para trabajos futuros que pretendan seguir aportando experiencias que beneficien tanto a estudiantes como a docentes en este complejo campo de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la programación de computadores.
ANALYZING A SPEECH AND GRAMMAR USE FATHIA IZZATI AND NESSIE JEDGE IN THE VIDEO OF CARA BERBAHASA INGGRIS LANCAR
Authors: Nahroji Muhamad Nana , Haryudin Acep , Andriani Leni 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this research used qualitative research method, qualitative research is “a situated activity that locates the observer in the world. It consist of set of interpretive, material practices that make the world visible. These practice transform the world and in this research would be find out how speech and grammar used by Fathia Izzati and Nessie Jedge in the video of Cara Berbahasa Inggris dengan Lancar. In this research, finding the conclusion from video cara berbahasa inggris by Nessie Jedge and Fathia, there are many word used in their conversation its like anaphoric, textual theme, reference, topical theme and comparative reference. And the second analyze finding some mistakes in their conversation still not using grammatical appropriate.Keywords: Discourse Analysis, Video, Grammar
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENT SPEAKING SKILL USING ROLE PLAY METHOD
Authors: Lestari Fifa 
Published: January 2020

One of the skills that must be mastered in learning English is speaking. However, many people do not have the confidence to speak English because of several problems, both in grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation or fluency. One of the many methods that can improve speaking skills is role-playing. The purpose of the study is to find out whether role-playing techniques can improve students' speaking skill or not. It turns out that from several opinions of students that the speaking skills of students can practice pronunciation, and can increase vocabulary. Based on the data, it can be concluded that role-playing techniques can improve students' speaking skills. Keywords: Speaking Skills, Role Play
THE USE OF COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH IN TEACHING READING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Maesri Nani 
Published: January 2020

Reading is central to learning process, by reading people can gain important information in this millennial era. Study reading aims to develop the reading skills that you need to find information quickly, to identify what is important in a text, to compare different sources of information and to read critically. The aim of this experimental research is to investigate the effect of communicative approach on reading competencies of 10th grade students of SMK SEHATI in the academic year of 2018/2019. It is about 60 pupilss were assigned as sample through random sampling. Data of student’s reading competencies were collected by using multiple choice of descriptive text test. The result shows there is significant effect at student’s reading comprehension. Keywords: Communicative Approach, Performance Assessment, Reading Competency
CONNOTATIVE MEANING IN THE PROVERBS OF THE BESEMAH LANGUAGE (A SEMATIC STUDY)
Authors: Efransyah Efransyah 
Published: January 2020

The title of this research is An Analysis of Connotative Meaning in the Proverbs of the Besemah Language (A Semantic Study). Besemah language is identical of a phonem /e/ from indonesian phonem /a/. The language is used in some areas of south Sumatra especially in Lahat district, South Oku district, Bengkulu Province, and Pagar Alam City. This research was aimed to describe the connotative meaning in the proverbs of the Besemah Language. The object of this research was taken from secondary data which is the dictionary of Besemah Language written by Mahdi (2017). The writer used descriptive qualitative method in this research and some semantic theories both grand and supported theories to analyze the data. The results of this research showed that that the connotative meaning in the proverbs of Besemah Language are having great differences to denotative ones for it depends on individual experience. It means that we will understand the meaning of the proverbs from someone’s experience both through the direct story from the older people (anchestors) and witten book/dictionary. Besides, the connotative meaning of the proverbs in Besemah language mostly corelate the meaning of its proverbs to human life such responsibility, social concern, hard work, patience and love.
IMPROVING ENGLISH SPEAKING ABILITY USING THE SNOWBALL THROWING GAMES TECHNIQUE
Authors: Williana Dedy , Anugrah Wibbie Putra , Kareviati Evie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract In this study, the researcher used method Classroom Action Research (CAR) to improve the quality of the learning and teaching processes as well as to detect and solving the problems that found in the teaching and learning process. The subjects of this research were the 34 students in SMK Budi Bhakti Utama Padalarang. The researcher used collaborative action research with some English teachers in the school. In this study, the researcher using the instruments interview and questionnaire test to collecting the data. The test that given to students is pre test and also post test in the and of the class or after the students has a treatment. In this result of the study showed the mean score of pretest is 62.02 to 64.00 and post test’s score reached up to 79.00. It is important to describe that there is a significant improvement of the test. Therefore, the criteria of success had been determined. It is crucial to remember that communicative games have contributed and positive impact on teaching and learning process. The communicative games like snowball throwing game expected to enhance students’ motivation and enthusiasm in learning English. Clearly, It gives positive improvement on students’ confidence and their fluency in speaking skill. In short, communivative games can be describing that the strategy of teaching-learning creates good, enjoyable circumstances and reduces the stress level and boredom in learning process. Keywords: Snowball Throwing, Speaking ,Car How to Cite: Last name-1, Initial First and Middle name-1., Last name-2, Initial First and Middle name-2., & Last name-3, Initial First and Middle name-3. (2017). Title Title Title Title. Infinity, X (X), XX-XX.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH THINK-PAIR-SHARE (TPS) TECHNIQUE
Authors: Rosmiati Emi , Nuryani Mila 
Published: January 2020

Abstract The aim of this research is to improve students' reading comprehension at the eleventh grade of SMA Mathla’ul Anwar using the think-pair-share technique. The writers implementing this method is to make students easier to understand in a reading activity in the class through discussion and sharing information with their friends. The method of the research is classroom action research (CAR), the research has been carried out in three cycles to achieve students’ improvement in reading comprehension. The mean score in the first cycle is 59.6. In the second cycle is 67.5 and the third cycle is 77. The mean score of the third cycle shows that the think-pair-share technique has succeeded in improving students' reading comprehension Keywords: Think-Pair-Share, Reading Comprehension, Classroom Action Research
ENSINO DE QUÍMICA POR INVESTIGAÇÃO: CONCEPÇÕES DE ESTUDANTES DE UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO
Authors: Streck Vendruscolo Taiana Paula , Souza Castrillon Marcilene Alves de , Morais dos Santos Oalas Aparecido 
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa de campo que buscou identificar a opinião dos estudantes da Escola Estadual “Onze de Março” sobre a importância de aulas práticas no auxílio do ensino de Química. Para obtenção dos dados foi aplicado um questionário a 102 alunos das três séries (3 turmas/série) do Ensino Médio. A análise das respostas demonstrou que os professores de química desses alunos realizam atividades práticas com frequência, aliando a teoria com a prática. Segundo a opinião dos entrevistados, o desenvolvimento de aulas teóricas aliadas as aulas práticas tornaram o estudo da química mais interessante e motivador, além de facilitar a compreensão do conteúdo estudado.
Law Relating To E- Commerce: International and National Scenario with Special Reference to India
Authors: Rattan Dr. Jyoti 
Published: January 2020

In the knowledge society of 21st century, computer, internet and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs or e-revolution) have changed the life style of the people. Today we have new terminologies like cyber world, netizens, e-commerce, etc. Apart from positive side of e-revolution there is a seamy side also resulting into cyber offences.
Further, in 1990s Business people were aware of increasing use of ICTs as it was easier, faster and cheaper to store, transact and communicate electronic information but were reluctant to interact electronically because there was no legal protection under existing laws. Accordingly, a new Branch of jurisprudence known as Cyber Law or Cyber Space Law or Information Technology Law or Internet Law, emerged to create order in cyber space. For the first time, a Model Law on E-commerce (MLEC) was adopted in 1996 by United Nations Commission on International Trade and Law (UNCITRAL) which was subsequently adopted by General Assembly of United Nations . Significantly, main objective of MLEC was to have uniformity at international level regarding law relating to e-commerce and to provide equal treatment to paper-based and electronic information.
Various countries, signatories to this Model law either enacted new laws or amended their existing laws in tune with this Model Law. India was also a signatory to this Model law and hence, enacted the Information Technology Act, 2000. To keep pace with technology, the Model law on E-Signature (MLES), 2001 was adopted by United Nations Commission on International Trade and Law (UNCITRAL). Accordingly India enacted the Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008.
However, a critical analysis of the said Model Laws shows that various legal issues (such as Jurisdiction, Taxation, IPRs and Domain Names) arising due to activities of in E-commerce in cyber space remain untouched by these Model Laws and are attracting attention of international community.
This paper is a humble attempt to make indepth study of International and Indian Law relating to ECommerce and various legal issues which need immediate attentions.
Opening and Changes of the Firms TIC: Case of Cuts Internet in Political Matter in Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Lossayi Julien Bokilo 
Published: January 2020

The cuts of Internet in political matter started with "Arab spring" and since then know a fast progression in Africa at the point to become an international public problem today putting in scene the modes in place, in certain African States, and their opponents. Indeed, in what appears as a battle for the control of information and the control of the public opinion, there are on a side the African governments which, to justify the interruption of Internet, propose the need for safeguarding of the law and order like act of sovereignty, in fact the right to prevent the misinformation and any illegal publication of the electoral data. On the other side, there are the oppositions which view this step as the violation of the principles of freedoms, in particular the freedom of expression, at ends of fiddle of the electoral data.
The scientific stake of this analysis, starting from African case studies, and of the RDC in particular, is to reflect on the ambivalence of the decision to cut Internet, in order to as well show the consequences of these restrictions on the economy, the credibility of the elections, the social one and, by the same occasion, to carry a glance on the reaction of the international community.
Karakteristik dan Efektivitas Salep Madu Klanceng dari Lebah Trigona sp. Sebagai Antibakteri dan Penyembuh Luka Sayat
Authors: Cahyadi Martin Aristo , Sidharta Boy Rahardjo , To'bungan Nelsiani 
Published: January 2020

Penggunaan antibiotik secara terus menerus dapat menimbulkan resistensi pada bakteri. Salah satu bahan alami yang dapat menjadi alternatif pengobatan adalah madu klanceng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sediaan salep madu klanceng yang optimal dan efeknya terhadap penyembuhan luka dan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Tahapan penelitian ini terdiri dari uji fitokimia madu, pembuatan salep, uji sediaan salep, uji kemurnian bakteri, uji zona hambat, dan uji bioassay pada kelinci. Madu klanceng yang diuji mengandung senyawa alkaloid. Variasi salep madu dibuat dengan perbandingan basis salep dan madu adalah 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, dan 5:1. Hasil salep berbentuk semi padat, berwarna kuning, pH sekitar 4,8, belum homogen, memiliki daya lekat sekitar 265,4 detik, dan daya sebar sebesar 1,76 cm. Salep madu mampu menghambat bakteri S. aureus dan P. aeruginosa dengan diameter sebesar 1,2 mm. Salep madu ini juga memberikan efek menyembuhkan luka hingga 0,3 cm.
A Model for Comparing Government Expenditure on Civil Servants-Gross Wages And Salaries in the EU24
Authors: Nwaubani Joel Chiadikobi , Zelka Magdalini , Tsianta Artemis 
Published: January 2020

Following government responses to the economic crisis, aimed at restabilising financial markets, maintaining employment and mitigating the effects of unemployment, public budgets have come increasingly under strain. The debt crisis that struck some EU members and is far from having been surmounted, has prompted governments to embark on a policy of strict budgetary austerity. Recent developments in the European Union reflects the reformation needs of most EU governments, in form of wage and employment moderation and, in some cases, even cuts in public sector wages and employment. All over Europe the public sectors have been the main target of governments’ reformation policies. Public sector employers have bypassed established collective bargaining procedures and wages and jobs have been cut or frozen, most frequently by unilateral state decision. Against the background of governments’ reformation strategies, this study compare and estimate the most accurate association model of the Categorical Data Analysis (CDAS) for government expenditure on civil servants– gross wages and salaries in 24 countries of the European Union from 2002 - 2011. The analysis of association (ANOAS) table is given in order to ascertain the percentage of the data which is covered by each model. We estimate the association model to find the model that has the best fit, but none proved accepted. Consequently, we proceeded to the multivariate model to find the model with the best fit and in conclusion we find out that the multivariate Row-Column Effects Association Model (RC) of the (M = 9) has the best fit because it covers 100% of the data - giving it the best fit among all.
Assessing Regional Finance Independence in Indonesian Local Governments
Authors: Ermawati Ermawati , Aswar Khoirul 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to identify the effects of local tax, tax revenue sharing, special allocation fund, and capital expenditure on the regional finance independence in Indonesia’s local governments. This study uses all districts/cities within the Central Java as a sample. The sample identification uses the purposive sampling method. Secondary data used in this study originates from the report of examination of the local government financial report and the summary of examination published per semester by the national audit board of the Republic of Indonesia. A total of 161 samples were retrieved, resulting in a total of 175 samples. The hypothesis testing was done using the multiple linear regression analysis method. The results of this research show that local tax, tax revenue sharing revenue, has a significant relationship on the regional finance independence in Indonesia’s local governments. While, allocational fund and capital expenditure does not have a relationship on the regional finance independence in Indonesia’s local governments.