bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decrease in waist-to-hip ratio reduced the development of chronic kidney disease in non-obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Chon Young Eun , Kim Hyung Jong , Choi Yu Bum , Hwang Seong Gyu , Rim Kyu Sung , Kim Mi Na , Lee Joo Ho , Ha Yeonjung , Lee Mi Jung 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo date, there are few studies that have evaluated the prognostic impact of changes in abdominal obesity or weight on long-term adverse kidney outcomes in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effect of changes in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body weight (BW) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) development, especially in non-obese NAFLD patients. We included 6,137 participants from a community-based prospective cohort with 12-year follow-up in Korea. NAFLD patients were categorized according to time-averaged percent changes in WHR and BW (≤−5%, >−5% to <5%, and ≥5%). Compared to non-obese controls, non-obese NAFLD was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident CKD (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.238, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.006–1.524). In 1,563 NAFLD patients, compared to patients with minimal changes in WHR (>−5% to <5%), patients with a decreased WHR (≤−5%) had a significantly attenuated risk of CKD development (HR = 0.300; 95% CI = 0.194–0.464). Furthermore, risk reduction from decreased WHR for developing CKD remained significant in non-obese NAFLD patients (HR = 0.290; 95% CI = 0.114–0.736). In conclusion, a decrease in WHR of more than 5% significantly reduced the risk of CKD development in NAFLD patients, even in those who were non-obese. Thus, serial monitoring of WHR may be prioritized in the management of NAFLD.
A 338-year tree-ring oxygen isotope record from Thai teak captures the variations in the Asian summer monsoon system
Authors: Pumijumnong Nathsuda , Bräuning Achim , Sano Masaki , Nakatsuka Takeshi , Muangsong Chotika , Buajan Supaporn 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA 338-year oxygen isotope record from teak tree-ring cellulose collected from Mae Hong Son province in northwestern Thailand was presented. The tree-ring series preserves the isotopic signal of the regional wet season rainfall and relative humidity. Tree-ring δ18O correlates strongly with regional rainfall from May to October, showing coherent variations over large areas in Southeast Asia. We reconstructed the summer monsoon season (May to October) rainfall based on a linear regression model that explained 35.2% of the actual rainfall variance. Additionally, we found that in the 19th century, there was a remarkable drought during many years that corresponded to regional historic drought events. The signals of the June to September Indian summer monsoon (ISM) for the period between 1948 and 2009 were clearly found. Spatial correlations and spectral analyses revealed a strong impact of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on tree-ring δ18O. However, ENSO influenced the tree-ring δ18O more strongly in the 1870–1906, 1907–1943, and 1944–1980 periods than in the 1981–2015 period, which corresponded to periods of weaker and stronger ISM intensity.
Evaluation of anti-biofilm activity of acidic amino acids and synergy with ciprofloxacin on Staphylococcus aureus biofilms
Authors: Warraich Annsar A. , Mohammed Afzal R. , Perrie Yvonne , Hussain Majad , Gibson Hazel , Rahman Ayesha 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAcidic amino acids, aspartic acid (Asp) and glutamic acid (Glu) can enhance the solubility of many poorly soluble drugs including ciprofloxacin (Cip). One of the mechanisms of resistance within a biofilm is retardation of drug diffusion due to poor penetration across the matrix. To overcome this challenge, this work set to investigate novel counter ion approach with acidic amino acids, which we hypothesised will disrupt the biofilm matrix as well as simultaneously improve drug effectiveness. The anti-biofilm activity of D-Asp and D-Glu was studied on Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Synergistic effect of combining D-amino acids with Cip was also investigated as a strategy to overcome anti-microbial resistance in these biofilms. Interestingly at equimolar combinations, D-Asp and D-Glu were able to significantly disperse (at 20 mM and 40 mM) established biofilms and inhibit (at 10 mM, 20 mM and 40 mM) new biofilm formation in the absence of an antibiotic. Moreover, our study confirmed L-amino acids also exhibit anti-biofilm activity. The synergistic effect of acidic amino acids with Cip was observed at lower concentration ranges (<40 mM amino acids and <90.54 µM, respectively), which resulted in 96.89% (inhibition) and 97.60% (dispersal) reduction in CFU with exposure to 40 mM amino acids. Confocal imaging indicated that the amino acids disrupt the honeycomb-like extracellular DNA (eDNA) meshwork whilst also preventing its formation.
Stability and gas sensing properties of Ta2X3M8 (X = Pd, Pt; M = S, Se) nanoribbons: a first-principles investigation
Authors: Sukhanova Ekaterina V. , Visotin Maxim A. , Popov Zakhar I. , Sorokin Pavel B. 
Published: June 2020

The chemical stability and gas sensing properties of a new perspective 1D nanomaterial, Ta2(Pd/Pt)3(S/Se)8 nanoribbons are investigated by ab initio calculations.
HCK promotes glioblastoma progression by TGFβ signaling
Authors: Wang Zhenlin , Ying Chenting , Zhang Anke , Xu Houshi , Jiang Yang , Lou Meiqing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK), a member of the Src family protein-tyrosine kinases (SFKs), is primarily expressed in cells of the myeloid and B lymphocyte lineages. Nevertheless, the roles of HCK in glioblastoma (GBM) remain to be examined. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of HCK on GBM development both in vitro and in vivo, as well as the underlying mechanism. The present study found that HCK was highly expressed in both tumor tissues from patients with GBM and cancer cell lines. HCK enhanced cell viability, proliferation, and migration, and induced cell apoptosis in vitro. Tumor xenografts results also demonstrated that HCK knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth. Interestingly, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed HCK was closed associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and TGFβ signaling in GBM. In addition, we also found that HCK accentuates TGFβ-induced EMT, suggesting silencing HCK inhibited EMT through the inactivation of Smad signaling pathway. In conclusion, our findings indicated that HCK is involved in GBM progression via mediating EMT process, and may be served as a promising therapeutic target for GBM.
Number and Impact of Osteoporotic Forearm Fractures: An Analysis of German Hospital Data
Authors: Möckel Luis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a burden for Germany, however recent data on osteoporotic forearm fractures is missing.
Methods Numbers of hospital diagnosed forearm fractures based on ICD-10 code S52.- for 2000 to 2017 were taken from GBE database. From this dataset, number of osteoporotic forearm fractures in patients aged 50+ years were calculated using age- and gender specific weighting factors. In addition, fracture rates per 100,000 people, total days in hospital and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost due to osteoporotic forearm fractures were calculated.
Results In 2017, a total of 69,046 osteoporotic forearm fractures were diagnosed in hospitals in patients aged 50+ years in Germany, which represents an increase of 48.8% since 2000. Age-adjusted fracture rates in women were 300/100,000 (standard error [SE] 1.25) in 2017 compared to 248/100,000 (SE 1.25) in 2000 (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.21 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02; 1.43]; p = 0.026). In male patients fracture rates were 62/100,000 (SE 0.61) in 2017 and 53/100,000 (SE 0.65) in 2000 (OR: 1.17 [95% CI: 0.81; 1.69]; p = 0.401). However, highest numbers and rates of osteoporotic forearm fractures were seen in 2010.Osteoporotic forearm fractures resulted in 276,185 hospital days and 2,259 lost QALYs in patients aged 50+ years in 2017.
Conclusion Number of osteoporotic forearm fractures increased from 2000 to 2017 in Germany and indicate a high burden of disease for patients and healthcare system.
Interaktion zwischen Muskel und Knochen – ein Wechselspiel zwischen Physik und Biologie
Authors: Jakob Franz , Müller-Deubert Sigrid , Ebert Regina , Engelke Klaus , Felsenberg Dieter , Rudert Maximilian , Herrmann Marietta 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDie balancierte und reziproke adaptive Interaktion zwischen Muskel und Knochen ist essenziell für die Fortbewegung von Organismen und die Erhaltung ihrer stabilen Form unter Vermeidung von Frakturen und Verletzungen. Muskeln erzeugen durch Kontraktion physikalische Kräfte, die auf die Muskulatur selbst und auf das stabilisierende Skelett wirken. Das Kraftniveau wird von der Gravitation und der Masse des eigenen Organismus bestimmt. Steigerung der Kräfte und Wiederholung der Reize haben anabole Wirkung, Immobilisation und Simulation von Mikro-Gravitation führen zum Verlust von Muskel und Knochen. Die Einwirkung physikalischer Kräfte auf Zellen wird in biochemische Signale umgesetzt und generiert biologische Effekte. Die molekularen Mechanismen des Mechanosensing und der Mechanotransduktion sind in den letzten 2–3 Dekaden sehr intensiv erforscht worden. Dehnung, Kompression und Flüssigkeitsströmung verursachen über Verbindungen durch Adhäsionsmoleküle an die Extrazellulärmatrix und zwischen den Zellen sowie über das Primäre Zilium eine „Second-messenger“-Aktivierung wie Kalzium-Einstrom, cAMP- und cGMP-Produktion und Aktivierung von Rezeptoren und Kinasen. Im Gefolge werden Transkriptionsfaktoren nukleotrop, die dann an DNA-responsive Steuerelemente binden und Transkription modulieren. Die Änderungen des Proteoms der Zelle führen zur vermehrten Bildung von Strukturproteinen zur Verstärkung des Zytoskeletts und der Zell-Zell-Adhäsion, sodass sich die Steifigkeit und die Rückstellkraft der Zelle und des Gewebes auf ein höheres Kraftniveau einstellen, ohne durch Ruptur oder Fraktur Schaden zu nehmen. Neben der physikalischen Interaktion durch die Kräfte des Muskels werden auch über Sekretionsprodukte von Muskel und Knochen Informationen ausgetauscht. Die Sekretionsprodukte initiieren und regulieren mit großen Überlappungen in ihrer Funktion die interaktive Adaptation und Regeneration in beiden Geweben. Neben der tonischen Produktion von Proteinen mit einer sekretorischen Sequenz können beide Gewebe auch auf mechanische Reize hin Vesikel abgeben, die als Fracht präsynthetisierte Rezeptoren, Wachstums- und Differenzierungsfaktoren und orchestrierende miRNAs transportieren können. Da weder Knochen noch Muskel echte endokrine Vesikel bilden können, werden Exosomen in die Zirkulation abgegeben. Ein auslösender Reiz dafür ist ein Kalzium-Einstrom als Folge von mechanischer Stimulation/Trainingsaktivität. Mit zunehmendem Wissen ergibt sich hier ein Bild der unerwartet intensiven Auswirkung mechanischer Kräfte auf die Zellbiologie und Biochemie von Geweben. Wir beginnen gerade, diese Auswirkungen in der Physiologie zu verstehen, während wir im Verständnis der Störungen einer gesunden Adaptation, z. B. im Sinne von Überlastung oder Trainingsresistenz, besonders bei chronischen Erkrankungen wie Osteoporose und Arthrose noch sehr am Anfang stehen.
Nachhaltige Sicherung der Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit in der
Kommune. Mehr Wirksamkeit durch eine nationale
Public-Health-Strategie
Authors: Iseke Axel , Thyen Ute 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung„Was soll einem Staat geraten werden, der den allgemeinen Wohlstand
mehren, die Wirtschaft universell fördern und zugleich die Armut
bekämpfen und für mehr Chancengerechtigkeit sorgen
will?“ Das Nurturing-Care-Framework von WHO und Unicef von 2018 gibt die
einfache Antwort: „Eine nachhaltige und umfassende Investition in die
frühe Kindheit“. In der Arbeitsgruppe 3 „Sicherstellung
der Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit in den Kommunen“ des 3. Zukunftsforum
Public Health 2019 haben rund 30 Teilnehmende aus verschiedenen Handlungsfeldern
der Gesundheits- Sozial- und Politikwissenschaften, des öffentlichen
Gesundheitsdienstes, von NGO’s, von Universitäten sowie
Fachverbänden diese praktische Umsetzungsempfehlung von „Health
in all Policies (HiaP)“ ins Zentrum ihrer Diskussion für eine
zukünftige Public-Health-Strategie für Deutschland gestellt.
Der Internationale Symptom-Code
Authors: Bleul Gerhard 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungIn einer Arbeitsgruppe der Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft für Homöopathie (WissHom) wurde ein Symptom-Code erarbeitet. Er ist gegliedert in Symptomelemente und übergeordnete Begriffe. Die Kodierung funktioniert sprachunabhängig und soll unter anderem die internationale Kommunikation unterstützen.
Motor Deficits in Youth with Concussion History: Issues with Task
Novelty or Task Demand?
Authors: Dalecki Marc , Usand Jessica , Van Gemmert Arend W. A. , Sergio Lauren E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present study expands previous work on eye-hand decoupling deficits in youth
with concussion history. It examines whether deficits can be linked to
difficulties adapting to new task constraints or meeting ongoing task demands.
Data from 59 youth with concussion history (M=11 months post-concussion)
and 55 no history controls were analyzed. All 114 participants (M=12.5
yrs.) performed two touchscreen-based eye-hand coordination tasks: A standard
task with vision and motor action in alignment, and an eye-hand decoupling task
with both spatially decoupled, with twenty trials per task condition. First
(trial 1–4), middle (trial 9–12), and last (trial 17–20)
trial blocks were analyzed in each condition across groups, as well as first and
last blocks only. The latter analysis showed in the first block longer response
times in the concussion history group in the eye-hand decoupling condition due
to a general slowdown of the reaction times across blocks and a trend for higher
movement times. Our findings suggest that youth with concussion history have
difficulty to adapt to new task constraints associated with complex skill
performance during a short series of trials. These results are relevant for
athletic trainers, therapists and coaches who work with youth with concussion
history.
Ansätze zur Etablierung von Präzisionsmedizin bei der Parkinson-Krankheit mit dem Schwerpunkt Genetik
Authors: Stute Lara , Krüger Rejko 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungWährend Parkinson mit seiner vielfältigen und sehr individuellen Kombination aus motorischen und nichtmotorischen Symptomen zunehmend genauer charakterisiert ist, nicht zuletzt durch die Untersuchung von großen Patientenkohorten mit Deep-Phenotyping-Approach, folgt die Therapie weiterhin einem einheitlichen Schema. Durch bessere Stratifikation bieten Präzisionsmedizin-Ansätze die Möglichkeit, die Behandlung und patientenzentrierte Versorgung zu verbessern. Spezifische Therapien für den Einsatz bei monogenetischen Parkinson-Formen, die aktuell untersucht werden, könnten helfen, Krankheitsmechanismen zu verstehen und dadurch auch zum Verständnis des idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndroms beitragen, sowie neue Behandlungsziele aufzeigen. Wir zeigen Daten zur Vorhersage von Wirksamkeit und Langzeit-Vorteil von aktuellen medikamentösen Behandlungen sowie von Tiefer Hirnstimulation (THS) im Kontext von wachsendem pharmakogenetischen Wissen. Konfrontiert mit asymptomatischen Trägern genetischer Mutationen (monogenetische Erkrankung) von variabler Penetranz und prodromalen Stadien wie REM-Schlaf-Verhaltensstörungen, zeichnen sich erste präventive Therapiestrategien ab. Ihr Einfluss auf die Krankheitsprogression und Aussichten für die klinische Praxis müssen adressiert werden.
Squat Muscle Activation Patterns with Hip Rotations in Subjects with Genu Varum Deformity
Authors: Hatefi Mohamadreza , Babakhani Farideh , Balouchi Ramin , Letafatkar Amir , Wallace Brian J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare muscle activation during the squat with different hip rotations (neutral, 15, 30, and 45° of internal and external hip rotation) in subjects with and without Genu Varum deformity deformity. Surface electromyography were recorded from 32 men with (n=16) and without (n=16) Genu Varum deformity. In the Genu Varum deformity group, the squats with 30, 45 and 15° of internal rotations of the hip showed significantly greater gluteus medius activation as compared to other positions. Moreover, the tensor fascia lata activity increased with greater external rotation of the hip, and significantly more than hip internal rotations (p<0.05). For vastus medialis and vastus lateralis, both hip internal and external rotation showed a significantly greater activation compared to the neutral hip positions (p<0.05). There were significant differences in the gluteus medius:tensor fascia lata activity ratio (p=0.001) and the vastus medialis: vastus lateralis activity ratio (p=0.001) between the different hip positions in the Genu Varum deformity and healthy groups. These results demonstrate that muscle activation patterns varied significantly with the position of different hip rotation in both groups. Those with Genu Varum deformity may use this information to aid in an injury prevention strategy by choosing squat positioning that favorably alters muscle activation patterns.
Sarkopenie: Eine Herausforderung im Alter
Authors: Ferrari Uta , Drey Michael 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungSarkopenie ist ein geriatrisches Syndrom, das durch einen generalisierten Verlust von Muskelmasse und Muskelfunktion gekennzeichnet ist. Damit verbunden ist eine erhöhte Wahrscheinlichkeit von Stürzen, Frakturen, Behinderung und Mortalität. Seit Oktober 2016 gibt es in den USA einen ICD-10-CM-Kode (M62.84) für Sarkopenie. In Deutschland kann Sarkopenie seit 2018 im ICD-10-GM (M62.50) kodiert werden. Zur Selektion in der Primärversorgung besteht die Möglichkeit, mittels eines Sarkopenie-Fragebogens (SARC-F) gefährdete Patienten zu identifizieren. Diese können dann einer weiterführenden Diagnostik zugeführt werden. Gemäß der aktuellen revidierten Fassung des europäischen Sarkopeniekonsensus sind ein Therapiebeginn und eine weitere Ursachenabklärung bereits bei Vorliegen einer eingeschränkten Muskelkraft möglich. Gegenwärtig besteht die Therapie aus Kraft- und Balancetraining sowie einer Ernährungsberatung, mit dem Ziel einer proteinreichen Ernährung. Eine medikamentöse Behandlung der Sarkopenie ist noch nicht verfügbar. Einige Substanzen sind jedoch in der klinischen Prüfung. Am vielversprechendsten scheint die Gruppe der Myostatin-Antagonisten zu sein.
Stabilization of BMIz Score is Associated with a Decrease in Visceral Fat in Children with Obesity
Authors: Naik Yashoda , Allen David B. , Eickhoff Jens , Carrel Aaron L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBMIz-score (BMIz) is commonly used to assess childhood obesity. Whether change in BMIz score predicts change in visceral fat remains unclear. The objective of the work was to study changes in visceral fat, cardiovascular fitness (CVF), and metabolic health over 6 months in children with stable/decreased-BMIz vs. increased-BMIz. Ninety children with obesity, referred for lifestyle intervention were studied (mean age 11±3.1 years, 50% girls, 22% Hispanic). Assessment included abdominal and total fat by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), sub-maximal VO2 for CVF, anthropometrics, and fasting insulin, glucose, HDL-C, triglycerides, AST and ALT at 0 and 6 months. Sixty-three children (70%) showed a stable/decrease in BMIz over 6 months. There was no significant change in total body fat between groups (−1.3±2.9% in BMIz-stable/down vs. − 0.6 ± 2.6% BMIz-up, p=0.459); however, BMIz-stable/down group showed a decrease in visceral fat compared to the BMIz-up group (−258±650 g vs.+137±528 g, p=0.009). BMIz-stable/down group also demonstrated increased CVF (+1.2 ml/kg/min, p<0.001), not seen in the BMIz-up group. Neither group had significant changes in metabolic markers. Preventing BMIz increase in obese children predicts a significant decrease in visceral fat even if total body fat is unchanged. This is often associated with increased fitness. Thus, increasing fitness level and keeping BMI stable are strategic initial goals for obese children.
Characterization of Antibacterial Proanthocyanidins of Dalbergia monetaria, an Amazonian Medicinal Plant, by UHPLC-HRMS/MS
Authors: de Moura Patricia Homobono Brito , de Sousa Amaryllis Almeida , Porzel Andrea , Wessjohann Ludger A. , Leal Ivana Correa Ramos , Martins Roberto Carlos Campos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Dalbergia monetaria is an Amazonian plant whose bark is widely used to treat urinary tract infections. This paper describes a bio-guided study of ethanolic extracts from the bark and leaves of D. monetaria, in a search for metabolites active against human pathogenic bacteria. In vitro assays were performed against 10 bacterial strains, highlighting methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fractioning of the extracts was performed using instrumental and classical techniques, and samples were characterized by UHPLC-HRMS/MS. Ethyl acetate fractions from bark and leaves showed similar antibacterial activities. EAFB is enriched in isoflavone C-glucosides and EAFL enriched in proanthocyanidins. Subfractions from EAFL presented higher activity and showed a complex profile of proanthocyanidins constructed by (epi)-cassiaflavan and (epi)-catechin units, including dimers, trimers and tetramers. The fragmentation pattern emphasized the neutral loss of cassiaflavan units by quinone-methide fission. Fraction SL7-6, constituted by (ent)-cassiaflavan-(ent)-cassiaflavan-(epi)-catechin isomers, showed the lowest MIC against the S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with values corresponding to 64 and 32 µg/mL, respectively. Cassiaflavan-proanthocyanidins have not been found previously in another botanical genus, except in Cassia, and the traditional medicinal use of D. monetaria might be related to the antibacterial activity of proanthocyanidins characterized in the species.
Whole-body Electromyostimulation plus Caloric Restriction in
Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Bellia Alfonso , Ruscello Bruno , Bolognino Rolando , Briotti Gianluca , Gabrielli Paolo Roberto , Silvestri Adriano , Rosazza Cristina , Ambruoso Francesca , Lombardo Mauro , Bernardini Andrea , Calabrese Cosimo , Lauro Davide , D’Ottavio Stefano 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe investigated early effects of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation added to
hypocaloric diet on metabolic syndrome features in sedentary middle-aged
individuals. We randomly assigned 25 patients to Whole-Body
Electromyostimulation plus caloric restriction or caloric restriction alone for
26 weeks. Anthropometrics, blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR,
glycated hemoglobin, lipids, uric acid, creatinphosphokynase, C-reactive protein
were assessed. Body composition was evaluated with direct-segmental,
multi-frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. Both groups lost approximately
10% of weight, with similar effects on waist circumference and fat mass.
Change in free-fat mass was significantly different between groups (caloric
restriction −1.5±0.2 vs. Whole-Body Electromyostimulation plus
caloric restriction +1.1±0.4 kg, p=0.03).
Whole-Body Electromyostimulation plus caloric restriction group experienced
greater percent reductions in insulin (−45.5±4.4 vs.
−28.2±3.6%, p=0.002), HOMA-IR
(–51.3±3.2 vs. –25.1±1.8%,
p=0.001), triglycerides (−22.5±2.9 vs.
−4.1±1.6%, p=0.004) and
triglycerides/HDL (p=0.028). Subjects trained with Whole-Body
Electromyostimulation had also significant improvement in systolic pressure
(138±4 vs. 126±7 mmHg, p=0.038). No
discontinuations for adverse events occurred. In middle-aged sedentary subjects
with the metabolic syndrome, Whole-Body Electromyostimulation with caloric
restriction for 26 weeks can improve insulin-resistance and lipid profile
compared to diet alone. Further studies are needed to ascertain long-term
efficacy and feasibility of this approach in individuals with the metabolic
syndrome.