bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation without pre‐ or peri‐procedural imaging for the detection of left atrial thrombus in the era of uninterrupted anticoagulation
Authors: Efremidis Michael , Bazoukis George , Vlachos Konstantinos , Prappa Efstathia , Megarisiotou Athanasia , Dragasis Stylianos , Ramirez F. Daniel , Bourier Felix , Mililis Panagiotis , Saplaouras Athanasios , Tse Gary , Liu Tong , Efremidis Theodore , Kitsoulis Panagiotis , Thomopoulos Costas , Sideris Antonios , Letsas Konstantinos P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe need for pre‐ or peri‐procedural imaging to rule out the presence of left atrial thrombus in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) is unclear in the era of uninterrupted direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) regimen. We sought to examine the safety of catheter ablation in appropriately selected patients with paroxysmal AF without performing screening for left atrial thrombus.Patients and MethodsConsecutive patients planned for radiofrequency AF catheter ablation between January 2016 and June 2020 were enrolled, and prospectively studied. All subjects were receiving uninterrupted anticoagulation with DOACs for at least 4 weeks before the procedure. All subjects were in sinus rhythm the day of the procedure. The primary outcome of the study was ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) during at 30 days.ResultsA total of 451 patients (age 59.7 ± 10.2 years, 289 males) with paroxysmal AF were included in the study. The mean CHA2DS2‐VASc score was 1.4 ± 1.2. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction and left atrial diameter were 60 ± 5% and 39.3 ± 4 mm, respectively. Regarding the anticoagulation regimen, apixaban was used in 197 (43.6%) patients, rivaroxaban in 148 (32.8%) patients, and dabigatran in 106 (23.5%) patients. None of the patients developed clinical ischemic stroke or TIA during the 30‐day post‐discharged period.ConclusionsCatheter ablation can be safely performed in low‐risk patients with paroxysmal AF without imaging for the detection of left atrial thrombus in the era of uninterrupted DOAC anticoagulation.
Dominant United States Cold‐Season near surface temperature anomaly patterns derived from kernel methods
Authors: Mercer Andrew E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCold season (December – February) 2‐m temperatures have a far‐reaching impact on critical infrastructure; medium or long‐term predictability would thus be an invaluable asset. However, a better understanding of the most prevalent underlying temperature patterns is needed before improvements in predictability are possible. Previous studies have shown that cluster analysis preprocessed with principal component analysis (PCA) can help identify the most prevalent spatial patterns within different atmospheric datasets. Additionally, nonlinear variability can be identified when coupling cluster analysis with PCA preprocessing based on the kernel matrix from support vector machines (known as KPCA). In this study, these methods were employed to create an updated 2‐m cold season temperature climatology.Temperatures were quantified using NCEP/NCAR global reanalysis data spanning 1948–2017. Kernel and rotated PCA combined with k‐means cluster analysis was tested against cluster analysis with no PCA preprocessing to identify the fields that best characterize the underlying climatological structures within the 2‐m temperature data. Four patterns emerged from the analysis. Two patterns were primarily constrained to years early in the study period that had a strong relationship with phasing in the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation. A third pattern revealed the anomalous warming along the West Coast that has been increasingly observed in recent years, while a fourth showed a broad anomalous warm region centered on the Midwest that expanded across most of the eastern two‐thirds of the nation. These final two patterns were weakly related to phasing within the Pacific North American teleconnection and phasing of the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Most years in the final two clusters occurred post 1990, demonstrating suggesting these anomalous warming patterns are becoming more prevalent in recent decades. These patterns can be used in future work to inform medium‐ and long‐term forecasting applications.
Creative, Antagonistic, and Angry? Exploring the Roots of Malevolent Creativity with a Real‐World Idea Generation Task
Authors: Perchtold‐Stefan Corinna M. , Fink Andreas , Rominger Christian , Papousek Ilona 
Published: December 2020

AbstractResearch is currently witnessing more investigations into malevolent creativity—creativity that is used to intentionally harm others. Inspired by previous methods to measure malevolent creativity, in the present study, we introduce a real‐world behavioral task designed to capture individuals’ capacity for using creativity for the purpose of attaining malevolent goals in response to everyday, provocative situations. In a sample of 105 students, we found malevolent creativity positively correlated with fluency in conventional creative ideation, as well as with self‐reported typical malevolent creativity behavior in daily life. Moreover, performance on the malevolent creativity task showed positive correlations with the maladaptive personality trait of antagonism (PID‐5) as well as individuals’ state anger at the beginning of the experiment. Further, our multiple regression analysis revealed that conventional creative ideation, antagonistic personality, and state anger all explained unique, non‐overlapping variance in the capacity for implementing malevolent creativity. As a whole, these findings suggest that different cognitive and affective factors, along with specific personality traits may each contribute to the expression of malevolent creativity in distinct ways. Future investigations striving to further decode the destructive potential of individuals toward others may benefit from this validated behavioral measurement approach to malevolent creativity.
Plasmonic nanoplatforms: From surface‐enhanced Raman scattering sensing to biomedical applications
Authors: Cupil‐Garcia Vanessa , Strobbia Pietro , Crawford Bridget M. , Wang Hsin‐Neng , Ngo Hoan , Liu Yang , Vo‐Dinh Tuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this work, we present an overview of the development and application of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and plasmonic nanoplatforms developed in our laboratory in recent years. We have developed a wide variety of plasmonics‐active substrates and nanoparticle‐based sensing platforms including inverse molecular sentinels (iMS) utilizing gold nanostars (AuNS) and nanorattle DNA sensors (NR). These platforms have been used for a wide variety of applications, such as monitoring genomic biomarkers in plants for renewable bioenergy research, point‐of‐care diagnostics of infectious diseases (dengue and malaria), and detection of cancer biomarkers for gastrointestinal and head and neck cancers. Applications of plasmonic AuNS in bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), and immunotherapy are also presented. An interesting advance was the development of AuNS‐mediated PTT in combination with immunotherapy, a method referred to as Synergistic Immuno Photothermal Nanotherapy (SYMPHONY), which broadens and significantly enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy. This review highlights various applications of the unique plasmonics‐enabled sensing and therapeutic nanotechnologies that contribute to the lasting legacy of the discovery of SERS.
An Interaction Model of Environmental and Psychological Factors Influencing Refugee Mental Health
Authors: Kashyap Shraddha , Keegan David , Liddell Belinda J , Thomson Ted , Nickerson Angela 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we draw on empirical research and theoretical models of refugee and posttrauma mental health to propose the “Psychological Interaction with Environment (PIE) Matrix Model” of refugee mental health. This model focuses on the mental health of adult refugees and proposes that psychological factors and the external environment interact to influence mental health outcomes and functioning for individuals with refugee backgrounds. Environmental factors include adversity faced before, during, and after the migration journey, including adversity faced in a resettlement or postdisplacement environment. Psychological factors refer to psychological (i.e., cognitive and emotional) mechanisms that individuals may use to cope with adversity. We posit that individuals from refugee backgrounds are likely to show individual differences in psychological processes that may protect against or underpin the development and maintenance of psychopathology following exposure to trauma and displacement. The PIE Matrix Model proposes a framework to guide intervention by identifying key pathways by which psychological and environmental factors impact one another. We suggest that psychological interventions can be targeted according to the kind and level of support different individuals may require, based on individualized and context‐driven assessments of the interaction between environmental and psychological factors at any given point in time. This model draws on existing models of refugee adaptation and highlights the need for longitudinal and experimental research to explain the interaction between these factors and their causal impact on refugee mental health.
Analysis of Brazilian public policies which aim to support participatory construction of the National Plan for Soil and Water Sustainable Management
Authors: Stuchi Julia F. , Hernández David G. , de Andrade Aluísio G. , Monteiro Joyce M. G. , Hissa Helga R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study analyzes relevant federal public policies for soil and water conservation in Brazil. The Federal Court of Auditors reported that the lack of a national policy for soil and water conservation in the Country poses a considerable risk of degradation of soil and water resources, despite the existence of legal instruments. This study aims to outline and build upon previous experiences related to the participatory formulation of the new Brazilian National Plan for Soil and Water Sustainable Management (NP). We selected seven current public policies at the federal level involving conservation of soil and water resources in rural areas. We carried out content analysis for each of the selected policies using a qualitative‐interpretive treatment, starting from six analytical axes proposed for the NP. The six axes are Legislation, Prevention, Conservation, Recovery, Monitoring, and Integration. Five keywords were identified for each axis. The analysis produced a score to measure the adherence of keywords in the public policies. This manuscript shows: (a) the importance of all the policies analyzed as significant contributions for the construction of the new NP; (b) the gaps of these policies regarding the six strategic axes provided by the NP; (c) how to turn strengths and gaps of the policies into recommendations and opportunities for a more robust NP. There is need for greater commitment of relevant stakeholders in the construction of the policy and in the decision‐making process to improve the sustainable management of soil and water resources in Brazil.
MnO‐Inlaid hierarchically porous carbon hybrid for lithium‐sulfur batteries
Authors: Liu Weilin , Fan Xiaojing , Xu Bin , Chen Peng , Tang Dejian , Meng Fancheng , Zhou Rulong , Liu Jiehua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLithium‐sulfur batteries possess great prospects in next‐generation energy‐storage devices though there are still some tough challenges currently. In this paper, MnO‐inlaid hierarchically porous carbon hybrid is prepared by a one‐pot solid‐state method and followed with annealing treatment. The MnO nanoparticles are synthesized via glucose‐derived carbon reduction with salt as the template. The resultant carbon‐coated MnO, which owns a hierarchical porous structure, benefits to alleviate the shuttle effect of lithium‐sulfur battery and immobilize the soluble polysulfide to improve the electrochemical performance by both physical limitation and chemisorption. As a result, the cathode MnO‐PC/S reveals a high initial discharge capacity of 1384 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and a high retention capacity of 593 mAh g−1 over 200 cycles.
RETRACTED: Asymptotic behavior of the solution of a singularly perturbed general boundary value problem with boundary jumps
Authors: Nurgabyl Duisebek N. , Uaissov Alpamys B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIt is known that the study of boundary value and mixed problems for integrable linear equations encounters significant difficulties of a fundamental nature. Exceptions are problems with boundary conditions of a special type, which are often called integrable or linearizable. The purpose of this article is to study the asymptotic behaviors of solutions of singularly perturbed general boundary value problems with boundary jumps for higher‐order equations. Using the Schlesinger–Birghof theorem, we constructed a fundamental system of solutions of a homogeneous perturbed equation of conditionally stable type in the critical case. Initial boundary functions are constructed based on the fundamental system of solutions. An analytical representation is found, the existence and uniqueness of a solution to this boundary value problem are proved. Asymptotic estimates of the solution and its derivatives are derived from the analytical representation of the solution of the given boundary value problem. The limit passage of solution of the perturbed problem to the solution of the unperturbed problem is proved. The conditions of the existence of jumps are found. The values of boundary jumps are determined. As a result, a class of boundary value problems is highlighted that has possessing of phenomenon of boundary jumps.
How we approach malignant infantile osteopetrosis
Authors: Even‐Or Ehud , Stepensky Polina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMalignant infantile osteopetrosis (MIOP) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by excessive bone overgrowth due to a defect in bone marrow resorption by osteoclasts. In most cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may correct bone metabolism but the rapidly progressing nature of this condition necessitates early diagnosis and prompt treatment to minimize irreversible cranial nerve damage. The management of patients with MIOP presents many unique challenges. In this review, the clinical management of patients with MIOP is discussed, including diagnosis, preparation for HSCT and special transplant considerations, management of unique HSCT complications, and long‐term follow‐up.
Thyroid hormone replacement therapy in pregnancy and motor function, communication skills, and behavior of preschool children: The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study
Authors: van den Broek Sophie , Lupattelli Angela , Frank Anna S. , Haug Line Småstuen , Nordeng Hedvig 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeLimited research has focused on the association between prenatal thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) and motor function, communication skills, and behavior in preschool children. Here, we estimated the association between THRT during pregnancy and the first trimester and these developmental outcomes.MethodsThis study was based on the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and other national registries. We included mother–child pairs exposed to THRT during pregnancy (n = 663), after delivery (n = 728), or unexposed (n = 28 040). Exposure to THRT was defined according to filled prescriptions. Child outcomes, presented as T‐score differences, were parent‐reported using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and Child Behavior Checklist.ResultsOf 29 431 mother–child pairs, 2.3% were prenatally exposed to THRT. We found no difference between prenatally exposed and unexposed children in regards to gross motor function (β: 0.17, 95% CI −1.19, 1.54), fine motor function (β: −0.17, 95% CI −1.14, 0.80), communication (β: −0.31, 95% CI −1.58, 0.96), externalizing (β: −0.03, 95% CI −1.07, 1.01), internalizing (β: 0.89, 95% CI −0.20, 1.97), or social behaviors (β: −0.04, 95% CI −0.92, 0.84). Somatic complaints were higher in THRT‐exposed children (β: 0.98, 95% CI 0.08, 1.87), and children whose mothers were exposed after delivery had more sleep problems than unexposed children (β: 0.99, 95% CI 0.24, 1.74).ConclusionsChildren prenatally exposed to THRT have developmental outcomes as positive as unexposed children on motor function, communication, and behavior. The association with somatic complaints and sleep were not clinically relevant.
Pollen as a potential indicator of the origin of massive ice in northwest Siberia
Authors: Vasil'chuk Alla C. , Vasil'chuk Yurij K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPollen and spores collected from massive ice bodies in northwest Siberia were studied with the aim to provide a cryogenic indication of their origin. We discuss perennial massive ice, which may occur as lenses, layers, or irregular masses in the frozen ground and may be buried or intrasedimental. Pollen assemblages in massive ice deposits of Holocene age indicated a nonglacial origin of the ice. Pollen assemblages from glacial snow cover and snow patches on tundra were analyzed to reveal signs of buried ice. This approach allowed us to assess the nature of several massive ice bodies as intrasedimental and buried, and demonstrated how pollen may be used as an indicator for the origin of massive ice in northwest Siberia.
Thermal runaway risk analysis in styrenic block copolymer production
Authors: Rodriguez‐Guadarrama Luis 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStyrenic butadiene block copolymers are an important family of commercial materials in the category of thermoplastic elastomers. These elastomers are made of separate polymeric blocks. At the beginning, there is a hard polystyrene block and in the middle, there is a polybutadiene block. Butadiene is the monomer in highest concentration in regular styrenic block copolymers. The main risk linked to the production of styrenic block copolymers on an industrial scale is the loss of control of the reactor temperature, which may lead to a temperature increase resulting in a pressure increase above its design pressure during the formation of the polybutadiene block. Fatal accidents have occurred in some chemical plants due to runaway butadiene polymerization. Critical parameters that characterize thermal runaway for the anionic polymerization of butadiene in batch reactors were established for different scale reactors: laboratory, pilot and industrial reactors. Runaway and safe conditions are identified based on the pattern of temperature and conversion trajectories near complete butadiene conversion. The resulting is useful for establishing runaway diagrams for the anionic polymerization of butadiene in batch reactors using dimensionless parameters: reaction sensitivity and cooling intensity.
Theoretic quantum analysis of mechanical and electronic properties of TiAl‐M (M = Mo, W, Cu and Zn)
Authors: Ouadah Ouahiba , Merad Ghouti , Si Abdelkader Hayet 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTiAl alloys provide a significantly higher creep resistance at high temperatures. However, the low ductility of these alloys at room temperature is considered as a drawback when used as a turbine blade coating material. One way to increase the ductility is by introducing solutes in the chemical composition of TiAl. Surprisingly, a ductility promotion can be achieved through a phase transition from L10 to B2 phase when the concentrations of Mo, W, and Cu are about 12, 11 and 12.5 at.%, respectively, while there is no phase transformation for TiAl with the presence of Zn. This study will tackle the reason of this behavior by analyzing the enthalpy of formation, mechanical and thermodynamic properties, and electronic structure by performing first‐principles calculations.
Novel sample treatment method for the determination of free (E)‐4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal in meat products by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry using 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal‐d3 as internal standard
Authors: Ma Jingjing , Geng Zhiming , Sun Chong , Li Pengpeng , Zhang Muhan , Wang Daoying , Xu Weimin 
Published: December 2020

Rationale(E)‐4‐Hydroxy‐2‐nonenal (HNE) is a reactive secondary product of lipid oxidation with biological significance. The analysis of HNE is a challenge due to its volatility and high activity. Developing sample preparation and analytical tools for the determination of free HNE is crucial for better understanding the actual level of free HNE in meat products.MethodsLiquid nitrogen freezing, subzero‐temperature extraction and derivatization were employed for meat sample treatment. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in negative ion mode was used for the determination of free HNE after isotope‐coded derivatization.ResultsHigh repeatability and good recoveries with a limit of quantification as low as 0.25 pmol/g were found. Nineteen out of 24 samples, including chilled/processed meat products and meat‐based instant foods, were found to contain free HNE with a range of 0.014–1.160 nmol/g.ConclusionsThe proposed method showed satisfactory reliability, sensitivity and accuracy. We believe that such a sample preparation strategy will provide a powerful tool for better understanding the actual level of free HNE in meat products.
Hepatitis B virus pre‐S region: Clinical implications and applications
Authors: Sun Huizhen , Chang Le , Yan Ying , Wang Lunan 
Published: December 2020

SummaryHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major threat to global public health, which can result in many acute and chronic liver diseases. HBV, a member of the family Hepadnaviridae, is a small enveloped DNA virus containing a circular genome of 3.2 kb. Located upstream of the S‐open‐reading frame of the HBV genome is the pre‐S region, which is vital to the viral life cycle. The pre‐S region has high variability and many mutations in the pre‐S region are associated with several liver diseases, such as fulminant hepatitis (FH), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, the pre‐S region has been applied in the development of several pre‐S‐based materials and systems to prevent or treat HBV infection. In conclusion, the pre‐S region plays an essential role in the occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment of HBV‐related liver diseases, which may provide a novel perspective for the study of HBV infection and relevant diseases.