bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus vaccination and prevention of intraepithelial neoplasia and penile cancer: review article
Authors: da Costa Nunes João F. , Pires Sanarelly , Chade Daher C. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of review
The objective of the current article is to promote a literature revision of the relationship between the prevention of intraepithelial neoplasms (PeIN) and invasive penile cancer, and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, aiming to enumerate the pros and cons of immunization.

Recent findings
The immunization against the HPV is sufficiently safe and many countries have incorporated the vaccine to their immunization calendar. Compared with men, the sampling size and the evidence quality of scientific researches among the female population are more robust. Some randomized and nonrandomized studies suggest that vaccination reduces the incidence of genital warts and no PeIN and penile cancer cases were developed in the vaccinal group. However, 70% of patients can evolve with the neoplasia despite having been immunized and even among HPV infected patients, only 1% will develop cancer.

Summary
The studies about vaccination against HPV and prevention on penile cancer are conflicting and the main academic urology societies still have not incorporated vaccination of men in their guidelines. Future studies are necessary to confirm the efficiency and cost–benefit of the vaccine in men to prevent intraepithelial neoplasms and invasive penile cancer.
Effects of Bovine Lactoferrin on Rat Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Kong Xiangyong , Yang Mei , Guo Jing , Feng Zhichun 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjective:To determine the effects of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) on cell viability, proliferation, and the protective roles in intestinal epithelial cells‐6 (IEC‐6) treated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Methods:Cell viability and proliferation of IEC‐6 were detected by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Brdu assay separately. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokines were analysed by real‐time PCR and ELISA. Western blot was utilized to measure the level of MAPK and NF‐κβ nuclear translocation.Results:Dose‐dependent effects of bLF on cell viability and proliferation were observed in IEC‐6 cells (both P < 0.05), especially at a dose of 100 μg/ml. The percentage of cells in the G2 and S phase was significantly higher than those of the control group (8.17 ± 0.49% vs 4.72 ± 0.55%, P < 0.01 and 12.75 ± 0.33% vs 9.48 ± 0.33%, P < 0.01, respectively). The mRNA level of IL‐1β, IL‐6 and TNF‐α was decreased by co‐stimulation of bLF and LPS compared with the LPS treatments alone in IEC‐6 cells (all P < 0.001). The secretion of IL‐6 and TNF‐α were also decreased by co‐stimulation of bLF and LPS (both P < 0.01). Bovine lactoferrin treatment at dose of 100 μg/ml could inhibit the activation of MAPK/NF‐κβ signal pathway induced by LPS (both P < 0.001).Conclusions:Bovine lactoferrin could promote the cell viability and proliferation, and have anti‐inflammatory effects via inhibition of the activation of MAPK and NF‐κβ nuclear translocation. Supplementation of formula with bLF may be beneficial in preventing NEC in preterm infants.
Educating Ambulatory Care Nurses to Address Substance Use
Authors: Gonzalez Yovan , Kozachik Sharon L. , Finnell Deborah S. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) for substance use has an impact on morbidity and mortality and health care cost.

Local Problem:
Nurses in ambulatory care settings may lack knowledge about evidence-based substance use SBIRT.

Methods:
A comparison of pre- and postintervention data was performed to determine whether knowledge improved and to identify facilitators and barriers to SBIRT implementation.

Interventions:
Nurses completed an online self-paced program focusing on alcohol and drug use screening, motivational interviewing used in a brief intervention, and referral to specialty treatment.

Results:
Postintervention knowledge scores increased (P < .001). Facilitator and barrier themes included time, education, resources, receptivity, and interprofessional collaboration.

Conclusions:
The implementation of the SBIRT online program was feasible for nurses to complete during work hours and resulted in increased SBIRT-related knowledge.
Evaluation of Cognitive Function in Relation to Progression of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Yamawaki Rie , Nankaku Manabu , Kusano Yusuke , Tajima Ayumi , Ikeguchi Ryosuke , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective
Cognitive impairments are among the nonmotor symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease. Understanding the cognitive impairments in patients with Parkinson disease may be critical for developing effective rehabilitation interventions. The aims of this study were to assess cognitive function in patients with Parkinson disease using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Third Edition, and the Wechsler Memory Scale Revised and to investigate how cognitive impairments relate to progression of disease in patients with Parkinson disease according to the Hoehn and Yahr stages.

Design
Seventy-eight patients with Parkinson disease participated in the present study. Our study consisted of patients in the following Hoehn and Yahr groups: 1 (no disability, n = 11), 2 (mild, n = 34), 3 (moderate, n = 26), and 4 and 5 (severe, n = 7). Cognitive function was assessed using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Third Edition, and the Wechsler Memory Scale Revised.

Results
The verbal memory was significantly higher in group 1 (106.4 ± 12.0) than in the other groups (2: 90.5 ± 14.0, 3: 89.9 ± 16.9, 4 and 5: 89.6 ± 11.4). Visual memory and delayed recall were similar to the results seen with verbal memory; however, the differences between groups were not statistically significant. The full-scale IQ was not significantly different (1: 107.3 ± 8.1, 2: 96.9 ± 18.2, 3: 96.7 ± 14.8, 4 and 5: 91.7 ± 9.5).

Conclusions
These results suggest that a comprehensive assessment focused on memory impairments is important for applying the appropriate interventions in patients with early-stage Parkinson disease.
Local Recurrence After Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer
Authors: Roodbeen Sapho Xenia , Spinelli Antonino , Bemelman Willem A. , Di Candido Francesca , Cardepont Maylis , Denost Quentin , D’Hoore Andre , Houben Bert , Knol Joep J. , Martín-Pérez Beatriz , Rullier Eric , Sands Dana , Setton Ilana , Van de Steen Katrien , Tanis Pieter J. , Wexner Steven D. , Hompes Roel , Wolthuis Albert M. 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
This study aimed to determine local recurrence (LR) rate and pattern after transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for rectal cancer.

Background:
TaTME for mid- and low rectal cancer has known a rapid and worldwide adoption. Recently, concerns have been raised on the oncological safety in light of reported high LR rates with a multifocal pattern.

Methods:
This was a multicenter observational cohort study in 6 tertiary referral centers. All consecutive TaTME cases for primary rectal adenocarcinoma from the first TaTME case in every center until December 2018 were included for analysis. Patients with benign tumors, malignancies other than adenocarcinoma and recurrent rectal cancer, as well as exenterative procedures, were excluded. The primary endpoint was 2-year LR rate. Secondary endpoints included patterns and treatment of LR and histopathological characteristics of the primary surgery.

Results:
A total of 767 patients were identified and eligible for analysis. Resection margins were involved in 8% and optimal pathological outcome (clear margins, (nearly) complete specimen, no perforation) was achieved in 86% of patients. After a median follow-up of 25.5 months, 24 patients developed LR, with an actuarial cumulative 2-year LR rate of 3% (95% CI 2–5). In none of the patients, a multifocal pattern of LR was observed. Thirteen patients had isolated LR (without systemic disease) and 10/13 could be managed by salvage surgery of whom 8 were disease-free at the end of follow-up.

Conclusions and Relevance:
This study shows good loco regional control after TaTME in selected cases from tertiary referral centers and does not indicate an inherent oncological risk of the surgical technique.
Improving health care worker’s compliance with traceability by recording the nursing process at the point of care using a personal digital assistant with a barcode
Authors: Florea Olga , Dufour Jean Charles , Magnin Chloe , Brouqui Philippe , Boudjema Sophia 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdverse events are serious and frequent complications most often linked to the quality of nursing care.PurposeWe evaluated the compliance to traceability of nursing care at bedside using the Patient Smart Reader®, a personal digital assistant with a barcode.MethodsWe compared paper record forms, specific computer software in the hospital information system and the Patient Smart Reader®.ResultsThe Patient Smart Reader enhanced the recording of 90% of nursing care surveyed. Regarding the insertion of blood catheters, compliance rates increased from 44.19 % to 100%, and blood catheter monitoring has risen from 29.64% to 80.74%. Urinary catheter monitoring and insertion recording increased from 10.23% to 55.43% and from 16.67% to 100 % respectively.ConclusionsProviding to caregivers a nursing record system using barcoded implements at the point of care in real time significantly improved traceability of the nursing care.
Prognostic and predictive factors for primary chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer
Authors: Borges Clara , Almeida Daniela , Damasceno Margarida 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundComplete pathologic response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer is associated to a better locoregional disease control and better long-term prognosis. Our purpose is to identify clinical and pathologic characteristics that influence treatment response, relapse risk and overall survival.MethodsWe analyzed 341 women with breast cancer submitted to primary chemotherapy between 2004 and 2017. We compared clinical response, pathologic response and conservative surgery rate, among different tumor and patient features. We assessed survival and relapse rate, according to complete pathologic response and histologic characteristics.ResultsAmong 341 women who underwent neoadjuvant treatment, 34% obtained pCR and 94,4% expressed a pathologic response.Patients who achived pCR had better overall survival (HR 0,68, CI95% 0,53-0,87, p=0.002) and better progression free survival (HR 0,78, CI95%, 0,61-1,00, p=0,05). pCR was significantly influenced by histologic grade (0% G1, 18,9% G2 vs 41,5% G3, p-value <0,001), HER2 over-expression (56% vs 22,8%, p-value<0,001), cytokeratin 19 expression (38,6% vs 30,8%, p-value 0,047) and cytokeratin 5 (44% vs 32,4%, p-value 0,002).Instead, presence of bilateral breast cancer (34,7% vs 0%, p-value 0,007) and hormone receptor expression (20,2% vs 54,3%, p-value <0,001) negatively influenced pCR.Additionally, overall survival was negatively influenced by cytokeratin 19 expression (HR 0,14, CI95% 0,10-0,20, p<0,001) and presence of inflammatory breast cancer (HR 0,26, CI95% 0,11-0,64, p=0.003).ConclusionsCytokeratin 19 expression, cytokeratin 5 expression, histologic grade, molecular subtypes and bilaterality are independent predictors for pCR to primary chemotherapy.pCR influences positively overall survival and progression free survival. However, inflammatory carcinoma and cytokeratin 19 expression are independent predictors for a worse prognosis.
Evolutionary causes of lifespan extension by dietary restriction: linking theory and mechanisms
Authors: Travers Laura M. , Carlsson Hanne , Duxbury Elizabeth M. L. , Maklakov Alexei A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDietary restriction (DR), reduced food intake without malnutrition, increases lifespan across a broad range of taxa, but the evolutionary underpinning of this phenomenon is poorly understood. The resource reallocation hypothesis proposes that dietary restricted animals divert resources from reproduction to somatic maintenance to increase survival in times of nutrient scarcity in favour of future reproduction. The “longevity by-product” hypothesis proposes instead that dietary restricted animals increase nutrient recycling via autophagy to maximise immediate reproduction, thereby reducing cellular toxic waste and leading to longer lifespan as an unselected by-product. The “longevity by-product” hypothesis makes a unique prediction that blocking autophagy in DR animals will simultaneously reduce lifespan and reproduction. To test the adaptive value of autophagy under dietary restriction, we inhibited autophagy usingbec-1RNAi knockdown in DR and fully-fedCaenorhabditis elegansnematodes. Our findings confirm that autophagic inhibition results in a significantly shorter lifespan under DR, suggesting that autophagy is important for survival in times of famine. Remarkably, we also show that inhibiting autophagy throughout adult life significantly increases reproduction in both dietary restricted and fully fed worms. Moreover, this did not come at a transgenerational cost to offspring fitness. Our results suggest that autophagy is an energetically costly process that reduces resources available for reproduction, but is necessary for survival during famine, and are thus consistent with the resource reallocation hypothesis.
Salamander retinal ganglion cell responses to rich stimuli
Authors: Sadeghi Kolia , Berry Michael J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe retina’s phenomenological function is often considered to be well-understood: individual retinal ganglion cells are sensitive to a projection of the light stimulus movie onto a classical center-surround linear filter. Recent models elaborating on this basic framework by adding a second linear filter or spike histories, have been quite successful at predicting ganglion cell spikes for spatially uniform random stimuli, and for random stimuli varying spatially with low resolution. Fitting models for stimuli with more finely grained spatial variations becomes difficult because of the very high dimensionality of such stimuli. We present a method of reducing the dimensionality of a fine one dimensional random stimulus by using wavelets, allowing for several clean predictive linear filters to be found for each cell. For salamander retinal ganglion cells, we find in addition to the spike triggered average, 3 identifiable types of linear filters which modulate the firing of most cells. While some cells can be modeled fairly accurately, many cells are poorly captured, even with as many as 4 filters. The new linear filters we find shed some light on the nonlinearities in the retina’s integration of temporal and fine spatial information.
Rituximab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis in the Hospital District of Southwest Finland
Authors: Airas Laura , Nylund Marjo , Mannonen Iina , Matilainen Markus , Sucksdorff Marcus , Rissanen Eero 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are already numerous B-cell depleting monoclonal anti-CD20 antibodies which have been used to reduce the inflammatory burden associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). We describe here our experience of treating MS-patients with B-cell depleting rituximab.Patients and methodsAll MS-patients (n=72) who had received rituximab treatment for at least six months by January 2019 were identified from the patient charts at the Turku University Hospital. Information about MS disease subtype, disease severity, MR-imaging outcomes and B-cell counts were collected from the charts.ResultsRituximab was well received and well tolerated by the patients. There were no serious infusion-related side effects. The most serious adverse event that led to treatment discontinuation was neutropenia. Our study confirms the usability of rituximab treatment for MS in the Finnish health care environment.ConclusionsOff-label rituximab-treatment can be successfully used to reduce MS disease burden for the benefit of MS patients.
Association between temperature and back pain among lumbar disc herniation patients
Authors: Chen Cai , Wang Dandan , Liu Fanjie , Qin Hao , Li Xiyuan , Bu Fan , Li Wei , Shi Bin , Cao Shengnan , An Jianpeng , Meng Xiangwei , Ma Zhixiang , Dong Leilei , Zhang Qinghao , Wang Tao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeThis paper was designed to critically provide empirical evidence for the relationship between temperature and intensity of back pain among people with lumbar disc herniation (LDH).MethodsDistributed lag linear and non-linear models (DLNM) was used to evaluate the relationship between lag-response and exposure to ambient temperature. Stratification was based on age and gender.ResultsWhen daily average temperature was on the rage of 15-23□, the risk of hospitalization was at the lowest level for men group. About below 10□, risk for male hospitalization could keep increase when lag day were during lag0-lag5 and lag20-lag28. 40<age≤50 group was little affected when they exposed to ambient temperature.
Higher polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia may be suggestive of treatment non-response in major depressive disorder
Authors: Fanelli Giuseppe , Benedetti Francesco , Kasper Siegfried , Kautzky Alexander , Zohar Joseph , Souery Daniel , Montgomery Stuart , Albani Diego , Ferentinos Panagiotis , Rujescu Dan , Mendlewicz Julien , Serretti Alessandro , Fabbri Chiara 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundUp to 60% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) do not respond to the first treatment with antidepressants. Response to antidepressants is a polygenic trait, although its underpinning genetics has not been fully clarified. This study aimed to investigate if Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) for major psychiatric disorders and neuroticism were associated with non-response or resistance to antidepressants in MDD.MethodsPRSs for bipolar disorder, MDD, neuroticism, and schizophrenia (SCZ) were computed in 1148 MDD patients recruited by the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression. Summary statistics from largest meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies were used as base data. Patients were classified as responders, non-responders to one treatment, non-responders to two or more treatments (treatment-resistant depression or TRD). Regression analyses were adjusted for population stratification and recruitment sites.ResultsPRSs did not predict either non-response or TRD after Bonferroni correction. However, SCZ-PRS was nominally associated with non-response (p=0.003). Patients in the highest SCZ-PRS quintile were more likely to be non-responders than those in the lowest quintile (OR=2.23, 95% CI=1.21-4.10, p=0.02). Patients in the lowest SCZ-PRS quintile showed higher response rates when they did not receive augmentation with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), while those in the highest SCZ-PRS quintile had a poor response independently from the treatment strategy (p=0.009).ConclusionsA higher genetic liability to SCZ may reduce responsiveness to pharmacological treatment in MDD. From a clinical point of view, our results suggest that MDD patients with low SCZ-PRS do not benefit from augmentation with SGAs.
Validity of intraoperative imageless navigation (Naviswiss™) for component positioning accuracy in primary total hip arthroplasty: Protocol for a prospective observational cohort study in a single-surgeon practice
Authors: Ektas Nalan , Scholes Corey , Ruiz Alejandro M , Ireland John 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionOptimal outcomes in total hip arthroplasty are dependent on appropriate placement of femoral and acetabular components, with technological advances providing a platform for guiding component placement to reduce the risk of malpositioned components during surgery. This study will validate the intraoperative data captured using a handheld imageless THA navigation system against postoperative measurements of acetabular inclination, anteversion, leg length, and femoral offset on CT radiographs.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective observational cohort study conducted within a single-centre, single-surgeon private practice. Data will be collected for 35 consecutive patients (>18years) undergoing elective THA surgery, from the research registry established at the surgeon’s practice. The primary outcome is the agreement between intraoperative component positioning data captured by the navigation system compared to postoperative measurements using computed tomography (CT). A total of ten CT scans will be re-assessed for inter- and intra-observer reliability. The influence of patient and surgical factors on the accuracy of component position will also be examined with multivariable linear regression.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for this study was provided through a certified ethics committee (Bellberry HREC approval number 2017-07-499). The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Strengths and limitations of this studyThis study will assess the accuracy of an imageless THA navigation system for measurement of component positioning against postoperative computed tomography analysis as gold standard.A sample size of n=35 participants will ensure adequate power to detect differences between intraoperative navigation results and postoperative CT measurements.A sample size of n=10 will provide adequate confidence to establish intra and inter-observer reliability of postoperative measurements of component positioning via CT analysis.This study will enable a mechanism to detect potential discrepancies between the component positioning measurement methods intrinsic to the Naviswiss™ device and postoperative CT analysis method and identify any corrective factors required for direct comparison of the two methods.
Association between inflammatory bowel disease and prostate cancer: A large-scale, prospective, population-based study
Authors: Meyers Travis J. , Weiner Adam B. , Graff Rebecca E. , Desai Anuj S. , Cooley Lauren Folgosa , Catalona William J. , Hanauer Stephen B. , Wu Jennifer D. , Schaeffer Edward M. , Abdulkadir Sarki A. , Kundu Shilajit D. , Witte John S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer. Recent reports suggesting IBD is also a risk factor for prostate cancer (PC) require further investigation.ObjectiveTo test the association between IBD with incident PC.Design, setting, and participantsWe studied 218,084 men in the population-based UK Biobank cohort, aged 40-69 at study entry between 2006 and 2010, with follow-up through mid-2015.Outcome measurements and statistical analysisWe assessed the association between IBD and subsequent PC using multivariable Cox regression analyses, adjusting for age at assessment, ethnic group, UK region, smoking status, alcohol drinking frequency, body mass index, Townsend Deprivation Index, family history of prostate cancer, and previous prostate-specific antigen testing.Results and limitationsMean age at study entry was 56 years, 94% of the men were white, and 1.1% (n=2,311) had a diagnosis of IBD. After a median follow-up of 78 months, men with IBD had an increased risk of PC (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 1.31, 95% Confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-1.67, p = 0.029). Separately analyzing the IBD subtypes of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), the association with PC was only among men with the former (UC; aHR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.11-1.95, p=0.0070), and not the latter (CD; aHR 1.06, 95% CI = 0.63-1.80, p = 0.82). Results are limited by lack of data on frequency of health care interactions.ConclusionsIn a large-scale, prospective cohort study, we detected an association between IBD, and UC specifically, with incident PC diagnosis.Patient summaryThis study of over 200,000 men in the UK suggests that men with inflammatory bowel disease may be at a higher risk of prostate cancer than the general population.