bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroreduction of CO2 by Ni sites on nitrogen‐doped carbon aerogels from glucose
Authors: Yang Leyu , Sun Zhiyan , Huang Li , Wang Xin , Li Chunhui 
Published: February 2020

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction has offered a promising route for managing the global carbon balance, but presents challenges because of the lack of highly efficient and low‐cost electrocatalyst. Compared with the dispersity of metal active sites, the porous structure of the substrate is more significant for the catalytic performance and the design and fabrication of substrate are often the key points and difficulties for electrocatalysts. Herein a facile method to disperse Ni active sites on nitrogen‐doped carbon aerogels with high surface area and porosity is reported. Firstly, hydrophilic polysaccharides were prepared by the hydrothermal process of glucose, followed by ultrasonic mixing with Ni complex and melamine. Secondly, calcination was used to increase the surface area and conductivity of the freeze‐dried mixture. The Ni/N‐C catalyst exhibited good activity with a Faradaic efficiency for CO production of about 95% and a current density of ∼8 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 750 mV. The result presents helpful guidelines for the rational design and accurate modulation of low‐cost and efficient catalysts.
Schilddrüsensonografie – Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Iwen Alexander 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThyroid disorders are among the most common endocrine alterations. Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland is a rapid and radiation-free method, adding important information to a patient’s medical history, physical examination, and laboratory results. This article describes a practical approach to an ultrasound examination in a step by step manner. The most important findings and most common causes of thyroid disorders are discussed on the basis of typical images.
Ernährung des Intensivpatienten: Herausforderung bei besonderen Patientengruppen
Authors: Hill Aileen , Stoppe Christian , Elke Gunnar , Marx Gernot 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Ernährungstherapie des einzelnen Intensivpatienten stellt im klinischen Alltag oft eine Herausforderung dar: Nicht nur die Schwere der akuten Erkrankung – auch das Alter, Komorbiditäten, Ernährungszustand und der erwartete Verlauf sind zu berücksichtigen. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt basierend auf nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien die zurzeit empfohlene Ernährungstherapie für verschiedene Patientengruppen in der Intensivmedizin.
Schwere Metformin-assoziierte Laktatazidose bei einem 67-jährigen Patienten
Authors: Rattka Manuel , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Keßler Mirjam 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Metformin-assoziierte Laktatazidose (MALA) stellt eine oft schwer zu diagnostizierende lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung dar. Wir berichten über einen seltenen und sehr schweren MALA-Fall mit intensivmedizinischem Aufenthalt. Die zeitnahe Verdachtsdiagnose und schnelle adäquate Therapie, unter anderem mittels Einsatz von Nierenersatzverfahren, führte zum erfolgreichen Management mit gutem Ausgang für den Patienten.
Validierung des Fragebogens „Sources of Occupational Stress
in Firefighters & Paramedics (SOOS-11)“
Authors: Kleine Berit , Kröger Christoph 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungBislang existiert kein deutschsprachiges Instrument zur Ermittlung von
einsatzbezogener Belastung bei Mitgliedern der Freiwilligen Feuerwehr (MFF). Das
Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Evaluation des Sources of Occupational
Stress in Firefighters & Paramedics (SOOS-11). In Zusammenarbeit mit der
Feuerwehr-Unfallkasse Niedersachsen wurden MFF zu 3 verschiedenen
Messzeitpunkten (MZP) befragt. Beim ersten MZP (November 2016–Februar
2017) handelte es sich um eine Fragebogenerhebung, die diverse
Selbstbeurteilungsinstrumente umfasste (N=475). Am zweiten MZP (Mai 2017
– November 2017) nahmen N = 117 MFF (davon n=55 vom
ersten MZP) an einem Interview teil, das die Module des Strukturierten
Klinischen Interviews für DSM-IV (SKID-I; Wittchen, Wunderlich,
Gruschwitz & Zaudig, 1997) zur Erfassung einer Depression und
Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung beinhaltete. Im Zuge des dritten MZP
(November 2017–Mai 2018) wurden von einer Teilstichprobe des zweiten MZP
(n=58) verschiedene Selbstbeurteilungsinstrumente erneut beantwortet. Es
konnten für den SOOS-11 zufriedenstellende Werte zur Internen Konsistenz
(α=0,73–0,76) geschätzt werden. Die
6-Monats-Test-Retest-Reliabilität betrug r=0,60. Eine
exploratorische sowie eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse ergaben für
eine ein – und auch eine 2-faktorielle Struktur des Fragebogens einen
adäquaten Modell-Fit. Hoch signifikante Korrelationen ergaben sich
zwischen der Ausprägung des Wohlbefindens, dem Organisationsklima und
dem SOOS-11. Somit stellt der SOOS-11 eine gute Möglichkeit dar,
einsatzbezogene Belastung von MFF zu messen. Der Fragebogen sollte noch an einer
weiteren Stichprobe, wie bspw. der Berufsfeuerwehr, erprobt werden.
Traumatic-Induced Coagulopathy as a Systems Failure: A New Window into Hemostasis
Authors: Dobson Geoffrey P. , Morris Jodie L. , Davenport Lisa M. , Letson Hayley L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTraumatic-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is often associated with significant bleeding, transfusion requirements, inflammation, morbidity, and mortality. This review considers TIC as a systems failure, not as a single-event manifestation of trauma. After briefly reviewing the meaning of TIC and the bewildering array of fibrinolysis phenotypes, we will discuss the role of platelets and fibrinogen in coagulopathy. Next, we will review the different TIC hypotheses and drill down to a single mechanistic domain comprising (1) thrombin's differential binding to thrombomodulin, (2) the expression of annexin II-S100A10 complex, and (3) the functional integrity of the endothelial glycocalyx. This triad forms the basis of the “switch” hypothesis of TIC. We will next address the potential limitations of current practice in treating a coagulation or fibrinolytic defect, and the next defect, and so on down the line, which often leads to what U.S. surgeon William C. Shoemaker considered “an uncoordinated and sometimes contradictory therapeutic outcome.” The treat-as-you-go approach using sequential, single-target treatments appears to be a by-product of decades of highly reductionist thinking and research. Lastly, we will present a unified systems hypothesis of TIC involving three pillars of physiology: the central nervous system (CNS)–cardiovascular system, the endothelial glycocalyx, and mitochondrial integrity. If CNS control of ventriculoarterial coupling is maintained close to unity following trauma, we hypothesize that the endothelium will be protected, mitochondrial energetics will be maintained, and TIC (and inflammation) will be minimized. The Systems Hypothesis of Trauma (SHOT) also helps to answer why certain groups of severely bleeding trauma patients are still dying despite receiving the best care. Currently, no drug therapy exists that targets the whole system.
Pituitary Tuberculoma: An Uncommon Pathology
Authors: Gupta Praveen Kumar , Pandey Sharad , Pandey Deepa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPituitary tuberculomas are extremely rare with only few cases reported in the literature. Intracranial tuberculoma commonly presents with gradual onset of headache and visual disturbances with or without systemic symptoms. We reported such a case who presented with headache without any visual symptoms, occasional vomiting, and significant weight loss. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging scan was suggestive of pituitary macroadenoma. Transnasal transsphenoidal excision of the lesion (microscopic + endoscopic) was done. Histopathological examination revealed possibility of tuberculosis. Patient was put on standard antituberculosis treatment and discharged in a stable condition.
Facial Dysmorphisms, Macrodontia, Focal Epilepsy, and Thinning of the Corpus Callosum: A Rare Mild Form of Kabuki Syndrome
Authors: Bruni Valentina , Scozzafava Cristina , Gnazzo Maria , Parisi Francesca , Sestito Simona , Pensabene Licia , Novelli Antonio , Concolino Daniela 
Published: February 2020

AbstractKabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare genetic condition with multiple congenital abnormalities and developmental delay. The cardinal manifestations of KS include characteristic facial features, intellectual disability, skeletal defects, dermatoglyphic abnormalities, and postnatal growth deficiencies. Cardiac and urological malformations are commonly present in patient with KS, as well as language deficits and immunological abnormalities. Here, we reported a case of a child with an atypical form of KS, associated with macrodontia, corpus callosum dysmorphism, focal epilepsy responsive to antiepileptic treatment, and a novel KMT2D gene missense variant, c.2413C > T, never reported to date.
Endotracheal Intubation Using Alfentanil in a Pediatric Patient with a Mitochondrial Myopathy and Gastroparesis
Authors: Mehta Sonia D. , Leavitt Wendy L. , Alex Gijo , Saynhalath Rita , Kiss Edgar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractChildren with mitochondrial disorders represent a subset of patients who require unique anesthetic considerations. Routinely administered medications for general anesthesia, such as propofol, have been shown to increase the risk of developing metabolic acidosis. In addition, both depolarizing and nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers are contraindicated due to the risk of hyperkalemic cardiac arrest and worsening of preexisting muscle weakness, respectively. These limitations pose challenges while choosing appropriate medications for induction of general anesthesia, especially when the risk of aspiration is high. We present a novel case of using inhaled sevoflurane and intravenous alfentanil to facilitate intubation in a 4-year-old girl with a complex 1 mitochondrial disorder suffering from severe gastroparesis and esophageal dysmotility.
O benefício da terapia nutrológica parenteral intradialítica
Authors: Machado Renata Silva 
Published: February 2020

RESUMOA desnutrição proteico-calórica incide em 20 a 70% dos pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) em tratamento por hemodiálise (HD), contribuindo para as elevadas taxas de morbi-mortalidade. A nutrição parenteral intradialítica (NPI) é uma opção terapêutica para a melhora do estado nutricional.
Objetivo: Revisar o papel da dieta parenteral intradialítica (NPID) como uma modalidade de suplementação nutricional para paciente com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise.
Conclusão: A desnutrição é comum em pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise e afeta negativamente o seu prognóstico. A maioria desses pacientes apresentam baixo consumo de energia e proteínas pela dieta, dessa maneira, os suplementos nutricionais específicos para a doença renal são necessários para alcançar as necessidades energéticas e proteícas.A NPID parece ser favorável para melhora a longo prazo do estado nutricional do paciente em HD, mostrando eficiente em reverter o hipercatabolismo proteico e o aumento do gasto de energia que ocorre durante a HD. No entanto, vale mencionar que NPID apresenta custo superior à terapia nutricional oral e via sonda. Sendo assim, a relação custo-benefício dessa via de acesso ainda precisa ser melhor investigada.
Consenso da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia sobre manejo da dislipidemia secundária à obesidade infanto-juvenil
Authors: Nogueira-de-Almeida Carlos Alberto , de Mello Elza Daniel , de Mello Patrícia Piccoli , de Mello Paula Daniel , Zorzo Renato Augusto , Filho Durval Ribas 
Published: February 2020

RESUMO
Objetivo Estabelecer consenso sobre o manejo da dislipidemia secundária à obesidade infanto-juvenil.
Métodos Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo e LILACS. Com base nas evidências científicas, o grupo de trabalho estabeleceu as condutas recomendadas pelo Departamento de Nutrologia Pediátrica da ABRAN.
Resultados Os autores redigiram o consenso que foi aprovado pela Diretoria da Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia - ABRAN.
Conclusões São apresentadas, com base nas evidências científicas, as recomendações para a condução dos casos de dislipidemia associados à obesidade na infância e adolescência.
Clinical and Nutritional characterization of patients with massive intestinal resection in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
Authors: Balbino Vanessa , Assad Mariana , Machado Juliana Carvalho , Marchini Júlio Sérgio , de Unamuno Maria do Rosário Del Lama , Suen Vivian Marques Miguel 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Background: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a clinical situation due to extensive intestinal resection or dysfunction of the absorptive system of the small intestine. When these patints are not submitted to nutritional therapy their maximum survival is six months. In Brazil there are few reference centers for the treatment and follow-up of these patients and information about their characterization is scarce. Objective: To describe enterectomized patients attended during the period from 1996 to 2007. Methods: All medical records of the patients attended at the Nutrology service of HCFMRP-USP were analyzed retrospectively. Data were collected and analyzed descriptively using the contingency test and the Wilcoxon- Mann-Whitney test for independent samples. Results: Thirty-eight patients with a mean age of 52 years at the time of enterectomy were analyzed, 47% of them males and 53% females. The main etiology of SBS was mesenteric ischemia (73%). Of these patients, 67% had some risk factor associated with atherosclerosis. No significant differences in eating habits were detected between the period before and after surgery. After surgery, 39% of the patients developed a significant weight loss and 79% developed some type of complication, surgical in 34%, infectious in 66% and of both types in 21%. Survival was 9.5 years. Conclusion: Extensive resections of the small bowel may be associated with atherosclerosis and represent an important nutritional risk, with a significant weight loss during the first year, which seems to be related to increased morbidity. Adequate nutritional therapy is associated with increased survival.
Síndrome de Realimentação
Authors: da Silva José Wellington Menezes 
Published: February 2020

RESUMOA alimentação de pacientes subnutridos deve ser cercada de cautela especial. A síndrome de realimentação caracteriza-se por alterações neurológicas, sintomas respiratórios, arritmias e falência cardíacas, poucos dias após a realimentação. Ocorre em consequência do suporte nutricional (oral, enteral ou parenteral) em pacientes severamente desnutridos. O acompanhamento de parâmetros metabólicos e de níveis de eletrólitos antes do início do suporte nutricional e periodicamente durante a alimentação deve ser baseado em protocolos, no estado da doença subjacente e na duração da terapia. Equipe multidisciplinar de terapia nutricional pode orientar e educar outros profissionais de saúde na prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento dessa síndrome.
Perfil nutricional, glicêmico, insulínico e de resistência Insulínica de crianças e adolescentes do “Projeto Equilíbrio Alimentar” em Santa Maria - RS
Authors: Rigon Maristela Zasso Pigatto 
Published: February 2020

RESUMOO trabalho objetivou avaliar o perfil nutricional, glicêmico, Insulínico e de Resistência Insulínica de crianças e adolescentes do "Projeto Equilíbrio Alimentar" em Santa Maria-RS. Analisou-se 87 participantes, entre 5 e 16 anos, de ambos os sexos.Obtiveram-se as medidas antropométricas (peso e estatura), na entrada e na saída ou na última avaliação; glicemia e insulinemia de jejum e calculados os IMC. Efetuou-se a classificação nutricional, a evolução do IMC, o perfil glicêmico e insulínico, a avaliação da glicemia pelo critério de 100mg/dl e da insulina conforme critério>15 μUI/ml, calculou-se o HOMA IR e a relação Glicose/insulina. Comparou-se quatro parâmetros de Resistência Insulínica Periférica: HOMA IR; Insulinemia jejum; Relação Glicose/insulina e Ponto de corte da insulinemia jejum por De Almeida(2008).Houve predomínio do sexo feminino(56,3%), da faixa etária entre 9 e 10 anos (39,1%); de obesos (86,2%); da redução do IMC (65,5%); da glicemia de jejum normal (98,8%);dos valores da glicemia entre 80 a 89 mg/dl(48,3%) e da insulinemia acima de 25 μUI/ml para 31% dos participantes.A Resistência Insulínica foi positiva: HOMA IR (46%); Insulinemia jejum <15μUI/ml (57,5%); Relação Glicemia-Insulina (69%); e, Pontos de Corte para insulinemia de jejum de De Almeida (2008) (78%). O projeto mostrou-se efetivo no controle de peso. A obesidade infantil já está produzindo comorbidades. É necessário disseminar o Projeto Equilíbrio Alimentar em Santa Maria -RS.
Étude comparative et traduction en espagnol de certains termes du droit successoral français
Authors: Cunillera Domènech Montserrat 
Published: February 2020

Abstraite
Afin de s’assurer une bonne compréhension du texte source, le traducteur juridique se doit de maîtriser la
macrostructure des genres textuels du droit, le style du langage juridique et la terminologie du champ thématique en question.
C’est sur ce dernier aspect, la terminologie, que portera la présente étude. Plus concrètement, nous nous intéressons à
certains termes du droit des successions qui ont une forme linguistique similaire en français et en espagnol. La proximité des
langues et des systèmes juridiques concernés mène le traducteur à considérer que certains de ces termes désignent le même concept
alors que ce n’est pas toujours le cas. Nous nous demandons si, entre les termes choisis, il existe véritablement une
relation d’équivalence sémantique pleine ou si, au contraire, cette relation conceptuelle est asymétrique et imparfaite.
La confirmation de cette dernière hypothèse signifierait l’identification de faux-amis dont il faudrait tenir compte pour
éviter des erreurs de sens au moment d’opter pour une solution de traduction. Pour répondre à ces questions nous proposons
une analyse comparative fondée sur la méthodologie du droit comparé et sur le concept d’équivalence fonctionnelle.
L’intérêt d’une telle approche méthodologique pour le traitement de l’équivalence a été mis en relief dans
plusieurs travaux portant sur la traduction juridique. En même temps elle permet de réfléchir sur l’acceptabilité de
certaines techniques de traduction lorsque nous avons affaire à ce type de mots.
The multidimensionality of pointing
Authors: Hassemer Julius , McCleary Leland 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel analysis of deictic gestures which yields a taxonomy of manual pointing. ‘Gesture form analysis’ brings into relief the diversity of pointing by considering the imaginary forms necessarily involved in interpreting a gesture. It combines into a single framework insights found in the literature on how the meaning of any gesture is enabled by a series of spatial operations leading from the physical form of the articulators to the form of the target. Seven distinct spatial operations combine to define a gesture type, twenty-seven of which are illustrated with examples from open-data corpora. Most types involve not the prototypical linear vector of pointing, but the plane of an open hand. Not only deictic, but also iconic and other functions are shown to be rooted in imaginary forms and their ability to draw attention to and specify locations, directions, areas and volumes of space.
The shared story of #JeSuisAylan on Twitter
Authors: Giaxoglou Korina , Spilioti Tereza 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Despite an increased interest in the discourse representations of refugees in the media, little attention has been
paid so far to the circulation and uptake of such portrayals in social media. This article addresses this gap by examining
networked users’ reactions to the iconic image of Alan Kurdi, which quickly turned into a shared story. By analyzing story frames,
i.e. orientations to the Storyrealm, the Taleworld, or the Outside world (De Fina 2016)
in multimodal posts (dated September 3rd 2015), which feature the hashtag #JeSuisAylan, we show how hashtags, comments, and images
combine into visual small stories (Georgakopoulou 2016) that prompt
acts of affective and narrative stancetaking. Our analysis calls attention to stancetaking as embedded in storytelling activities
and calls for extending the critical examination of discourse representations to the study of their uptake in practices of story
participation online.
Small extracellular vesicles deliver miR‐21 and miR‐217 as pro‐senescence effectors to endothelial cells
Authors: Mensà Emanuela , Guescini Michele , Giuliani Angelica , Bacalini Maria Giulia , Ramini Deborah , Corleone Giacomo , Ferracin Manuela , Fulgenzi Gianluca , Graciotti Laura , Prattichizzo Francesco , Sorci Leonardo , Battistelli Michela , Monsurrò Vladia , Bonfigli Anna Rita , Cardelli Maurizio , Recchioni Rina , Marcheselli Fiorella , Latini Silvia , Maggio Serena , Fanelli Mirco , Amatori Stefano , Storci Gianluca , Ceriello Antonio , Stocchi Vilberto , De Luca Maria , Magnani Luca , Rippo Maria Rita , Procopio Antonio Domenico , Sala Claudia , Budimir Iva , Bassi Cristian , Negrini Massimo , Garagnani Paolo , Franceschi Claudio , Sabbatinelli Jacopo , Bonafè Massimiliano , Olivieri Fabiola 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe role of epigenetics in endothelial cell senescence is a cutting‐edge topic in ageing research. However, little is known of the relative contribution to pro‐senescence signal propagation provided by microRNAs shuttled by extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from senescent cells. Analysis of microRNA and DNA methylation profiles in non‐senescent (control) and senescent (SEN) human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and microRNA profiling of their cognate small EVs (sEVs) and large EVs demonstrated that SEN cells released a significantly greater sEV number than control cells. sEVs were enriched in miR‐21‐5p and miR‐217, which target DNMT1 and SIRT1. Treatment of control cells with SEN sEVs induced a miR‐21/miR‐217‐related impairment of DNMT1‐SIRT1 expression, the reduction of proliferation markers, the acquisition of a senescent phenotype and a partial demethylation of the locus encoding for miR‐21. MicroRNA profiling of sEVs from plasma of healthy subjects aged 40–100 years showed an inverse U‐shaped age‐related trend for miR‐21‐5p, consistent with senescence‐associated biomarker profiles. Our findings suggest that miR‐21‐5p/miR‐217 carried by SEN sEVs spread pro‐senescence signals, affecting DNA methylation and cell replication.