bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Interlaminar Endoscopic Lumbar Decompression in Disc Herniation Combined With Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Chen Kuo-Tai , Choi Kyung-Chul , Song Myung-Soo , Jabri Hussam , Lokanath Yadhu K , Kim Jin-Sung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Endoscopic spine surgery is an alternative to the traditional treatment of lumbar disc herniation. However, the traditional technique of interlaminar endoscopic approach is challenging and risky in patients with concomitant spinal stenosis.

OBJECTIVE
To report a modified technique called hybrid interlaminar endoscopic lumbar decompression as an effective treatment.

METHODS
Patients with combined lumbar disc herniation and lateral recess stenosis undergoing full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy were retrospectively studied. The hybrid interlaminar endoscopic discectomy technique, as well as the use of 2 endoscopes with different diameters, is described in detail. The large endoscope is used for the laminotomy procedure, while the small endoscope is used for the discectomy procedure. The demographics and clinical outcomes of the patients are presented.

RESULTS
A total of 19 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 46.7 yr. The visual analog scale for back and leg pain improved from 5.6 ± 3.4 and 7.5 ± 2.3 to 1.8 ± 1.3 and 1.8 ± 1.6, respectively (P < .001). The mean Oswestry Disability Index improved from 59.9 ± 21.2 preoperatively to 18.2 ± 8.5 postoperatively (P < .001). The follow-up was 8.2 mo on average. No major complications occurred, but 2 patients reported mild postoperative paresthesia. One patient had an early recurrence and underwent repeat endoscopic discectomy.

CONCLUSION
Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy provides excellent access to the intracanalicular herniation site of an intervertebral disc. By using the endoscopic technique presented here, surgeons can safely and efficiently achieve adequate decompression in patients with lumbar disc herniation combined with spinal stenosis.
Combined Petrosal Approach for Resection of a Large Trigeminal Schwannoma With Meckel's Cave Involvement—Part I: Anatomic Rationale and Analysis: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Liu James K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Resection of large trigeminal schwannomas involving both posterior and middle cranial fossae is challenging. The depth of the surgical target in the superomedial corner of the cerebellopontine angle and the petrous apex makes for a difficult lesion to favorably access, expose, and safely resect. Judicious planning of a skull base approach is therefore the most crucial step in successful management of these formidable tumors. When properly chosen, planned, and executed, the combined petrosal approach sets the stage for an optimal exposure of such tumors that involve both posterior and middle cranial fossae. The present video is the first of a 2-part video presentation that explains the anatomic rationale of selecting a combined petrosal approach (anterior petrosectomy and retrolabyrinthine petrosectomy) for the resection of a large trigeminal schwannoma involving the posterior and middle cranial fossae with an extension into Meckel's cave in a 54-yr-old female presenting with 5-yr history of increasing headaches, left-sided face numbness, and disequilibrium. The benefits, risks, and alternatives of the surgical procedure were discussed in detail with the patient and she consented to proceed with surgery. Part I also discusses the important nuances of positioning the patient, as well as planning and execution of the skin incision, including pericranial flap harvesting.
Of note, the patient consented to the publication of images obtained from her.
Formation of Chromitite Seams and Associated Anorthosites in Layered Intrusion by Reactive Volatile-rich Fluid Infiltration
Authors: Marsh Jennifer S , Pasecznyk Michael J , Boudreau Alan E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Drilling related to development of the platinum-group element deposit of the J-M Reef of the Stillwater Complex returned samples of a rare chromitite seam between anorthosite and norite in a discordant anorthositic body. Plagioclase core An concentrations are marginally higher and modestly reversely zoned on the norite side (average Ancore = 83·8; average Ancore – Anrim = –1·1) as compared with the anorthosite side (average Ancore 82·5; average Ancore – Anrim = +1·0). The anorthosites are also characterized by a slightly smaller average plagioclase grain size than plagioclase in the norite (1·41 mm and 1·54 mm, respectively). The chromite can contain single and polyphase inclusions of orthopyroxene, plagioclase, amphibole, biotite and Cl-rich apatite. These and other compositional and textural features, as well as inference from other discordant anorthositic bodies in the Banded series, are all consistent with a chromatographic model of chromite precipitation at a reaction front as a norite protolith reacts with a Cl-rich aqueous fluid saturated in plagioclase alone. Chromitite seam formation is modeled using an infiltration metasomatic model, in which a fluid becomes progressively undersaturated in pyroxene as it rises into the hotter part of the crystal pile. As this pyroxene-undersaturated fluid moves through a noritic protolith, it dissolves the Cr-bearing orthopyroxene to produce an anorthosite. Chromite precipitates at the reaction front between the anorthosite and the norite owing to liberation of Mg and Cr from pyroxene. Continuous redissolution and reprecipitation of chromite occurs as the pyroxene dissolution front moves in the direction of fluid flow, collecting the Cr lost from the anorthosite. Owing to Cr dissolved mainly as a neutral divalent cation complex, CrCl(OH)0, in the solution, but incorporated as a trivalent cation in chromite, the required redox reaction can involve concurrent precipitation of sulfide with chromite. This mechanism differs from some recent models in that the anorthosites are themselves replacement bodies and are not original precipitates from a magma nor formed by loss of mafic material by partial melting. The results show the need for experimental mineral solubility data at T and P conditions appropriate to upper crustal mafic–ultramafic intrusions.
Cross-regional variations of Covid-19 mortality in Italy: an ecological study
Authors: Oliva Cristina , Di Maddaloni Francesco , Marcellusi Andrea , Favato Giampiero 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Disparities in cross-regional coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) mortality remain poorly understood. The association between pre-epidemic health and epidemic mortality can inform a policy response to future outbreaks.

Method
We conducted an ecological study of the association between the cumulative deaths attributed to Covid-19 epidemic in the 20 Italian regions and nine determinants of population health derived from a systematic review of the literature. We used a multiple least square regression to predict the cross-regional variation in mortality observed from the onset of the epidemic to 23 September 2020.

Results
Four independent variables best explained the cross-regional differences in the number of deaths attributed to Covid-19: the force of infection, population density, number of elderly living in assisted facilities and the standard rate of diabetes. The semi-partial correlation coefficients suggest that the force of infection and the number of elderly residents in nursing homes were the dominant predictors of the number of deaths attributed to Covid-19. Statistical controls and validation confirmed the generalizability of the predictive model.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that a significant reduction of social contacts in main metropolitan areas and the timely isolation of elderly and diabetic residents could significantly reduce the death toll of the next wave of Covid-19 infection in Italy.
Ventricular arrhythmia predicts poor outcome in polymyositis/dermatomyositis with myocardial involvement
Authors: Huang Yongfa , Liu Huazhen , Wu Chanyuan , Fang Ligang , Fang Quan , Wang Qian , Fei Yunyun , Guo Xiaoxiao , Zhang Shuyang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
Myocardial involvement (MCI) is known to increase morbidity and mortality in polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM). This study aims to investigate whether complicating with ventricular arrhythmia (VA) predicts poor outcomes in patients with PM/DM-related myocardial involvement (PM/DM-MCI).

Methods
We reviewed all PM/DM-MCI patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 1997 to April 2019. VA and the other possible risk factors for the composite endpoint, including death from any cause and rehospitalization for cardiac causes, were analyzed.

Results
A total of 75 PM/DM-MCI patients (44 PM and 31 DM) were enrolled, of which 27 (36%) met the composite endpoint during a median follow-up of 24 months. Independent prognostic factors for the composite endpoint include VA [HR 4.215, 95% CI (1.737, 10.230)], NT-proBNP &gt; 3415 pg/ml [HR 2.606, 95% CI (1.203, 5.646)], interstitial lung disease [HR 2.688, 95% CI (1.209, 5.978)], and anti-cardiac remodelling therapy [HR 0.302, 95% CI (0.115, 0.792)]. The 3-year event-free survival rate of patients without VA was significantly higher than that of patients with VA (63.3% vs 40.7%, P = 0.034). Skin lesions [OR 0.163, 95% CI (0.051, 0.523)] and positive antimitochondrial antibody [OR 3.484, 95% CI (1.192, 10.183)] were independent predictors of VA.

Conclusion
VA provides prognostic insights for PM/DM-MCI patients and predicts poor outcome. Polymyositis and positive antimitochondrial antibody are closely associated with the presence of VA in PM/DM-MCI.
Accounting standards and value relevance of accounting information: a comparative analysis between Islamic, conventional and hybrid banks
Authors: Agbodjo Serge , Toumi Kaouther , Hussainey Khaled 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the value relevance of accounting information for Islamic, conventional and hybrid banks. It also investigates the moderation impact of IFRS adoption and AAOIFI mandatory adoption on value relevance of accounting information.Design/methodology/approachUsing value relevance models, The authors run panel data regressions on 47 Islamic banks, 112 conventional banks and 42 hybrid banks (conventional banks with Islamic windows). The study covers listed banks from 14 countries over the period 2010–2018.Findingspaper offers three empirical evidences. First, the authors find that value relevance of accounting information is higher for Islamic banks, compared to conventional banks. Second, the authors find that IFRS framework strengthens the relevance of accounting information in Islamic banks, but the authors did not find the same for hybrid banks. Third, the authors find that the mandatory adoption of AAOIFI accounting standards has a moderation effect on value relevance of accounting information for both Islamic banks and hybrid banks. The robustness analysis shows that there is a significant contribution of compliance with Islamic Finance rules in IBs and HBs, which substantially reduces managers' opportunistic behavior to manage accounting information.Research limitations/implicationsOne limit of this research is the reduced number of sampled listed IBs since the authors deleted countries that do not have both listed Islamic and conventional banks.Practical implicationsThe study is useful for investors that consider the Islamic ethical practices to make their investment decisions as well as for the standards-setting bodies that focus on establishing accounting standards for the Islamic banking industry.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the value relevance literature by providing novel evidence on the value relevance in fully-fledged Islamic, fully-fledged conventional and hybrid Banks. The authors also provide new evidence on the moderating role of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions standard (AAOIFI) for the value relevance of accounting information.
A 3D Geological Model Constrained by Gravity and Magnetic Inversion and its Exploration Implications for the World‐class Zhuxi Tungsten Deposit, South China
Authors: YAN Jiayong , LÜ Qingtian , QI Guang , FU Guangming , ZHANG Kun , LAN Xueyi , GUO Xin , WEI Jin , LUO Fan , WANG Hao , WANG Xu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Zhuxi tungsten deposit in Jiangxi Province, South China, contains a total W reserve of about 2.86 Mt at an average grade of 0.54 wt% WO3, representing the largest W deposit in the world. Numerous studies on the metallogeny of the deposit have included its timing, the ore‐controlling structures and sedimentary host rocks and their implications for mineral exploration. However, the deep nappe structural style of Taqian–Fuchun metallogenic belt that hosts the W deposit, and the spatial shape and scale of deeply concealed intrusions and their sedimentary host rocks are still poorly defined, which seriously restricts the discovery of new deposits at depth and in surrounding areas of the W deposit. Modern 3D geological modeling is an important tool for the exploration of concealed orebodies, especially in brownfield environments. There are obvious density contrast and weak magnetic contrast in the ore‐controlling strata and granite at the periphery of the deposit, which lays a physical foundation for solving the 3D spatial problems of the ore‐controlling geological body in the deep part of the study area through gravity and magnetic modeling. Gravity data (1:50000) and aeromagnetic data (1:50000) from the latest geophysical surveys of 2016–2018 have been used, firstly, to carry out a potential field separation to obtain residual anomalies for gravity and magnetic interactive inversion. Then, on the basis of the analysis of the relationship between physical properties and lithology, under the constraints of surface geology and borehole data, human–computer interactive gravity and magnetic inversion for 18 cross‐sections were completed. Finally, the 3D geological model of the Zhuxi tungsten deposit and its periphery have been established through these 18 sections, and the spatial shape of the intrusions and strata with a depth of 5 km underground were obtained, initially realizing “transparency” for ore‐controlling bodies. According the analysis of the geophysical, geochemical, and geological characteristics of the Zhuxi tungsten deposit, we discern three principles for prospecting and prediction in the research area, and propose five new exploration targets in its periphery.
Geochemistry and Geochronology of Intermediate Rocks in the Jiangshan Au Deposit in the Bengbu Uplift, North Anhui Province: Clues to Regional Au Mineralization
Authors: SHI Ke , YANG Xiaoyong , DU Jianguo , CAI Yang , WAN Qiu , ZHONG Huaming , HUANG Xianjue , WU Mingan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Jiangshan gold deposit is the largest, most recently‐discovered gold deposit in the Bengbu Uplift. The ore bodies are located in the structural fracture zone of the Zhuangzili Formation (Ar3), with major Pb‐Zn and Au reserves. In this study, LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U‐Pb analyses yielded a crystallization age of 111.5 ± 1.8 Ma for the quartz diorite porphyry in Jiangshan. The quartz diorite porphyry has high Ba and Sr content, with low Y and Yb content, which is similar to the characteristics of adakitic rocks. They are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs, e.g., Ba, U) and light rare earth elements (LREEs), while depleted in high field strength elements (HFSEs, e.g., Nb, Ti) and heavy rare earth element (HREEs). They have zircon ∊Hf(t) values of –23.52 to –21.14 (mean = –22.32). and Hf model ages of 2419.76 to 2569.39 Ma. The magma source area is the lower crust. Magma primarily came from the partial melting of the lower crust, with the addition of some mantle material. The quartz diorite porphyries are characterized by high zircon TTi‐in‐zircon values (608–757°C), Ce4+/Ce3+ ratios (71.97–1387.10) and Eu/Eu∗ ratios (0.46–1.08), indicating high temperature and magmatic oxygen fugacities. High temperatures can provide heat to fluids and highly oxidized magmas can control the behavior and speciation of sulfides, thus controlling the behavior of Au. Finally, the ore‐forming fluid is enriched and precipitated in a favorable structural space to form the Jiangshan Au deposit.
Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Granitoid Intrusions in the Feidong District, Southern Tan–Lu Fault Zone, China
Authors: FU Xiang , ZHANG Dayu , YAO Ziwei , REN Kangda , DENG Yufeng , LI Jiahao , JIANG Ren , YUAN Feng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Feidong district is located in the southern segment of the Tan–Lu fault zone that separates the South China Block (NCB) from the North China Craton (NCC). We report zircon U‐Pb geochronology and Hf isotope data, as well as whole‐rock geochemistry for Xishanyi granodiorite and Jianshan granite in the Feidong district. Zircon U‐Pb dating results show that the emplacement ages of the Xishanyi and Jianshan intrusions are 124 ± 3 Ma and 130 ± 1 Ma respectively, coeval with magmatic events linked to large‐scale lithospheric thinning in eastern China. The whole‐rock geochemistry of the Xishanyi and Jianshan intrusions demonstrate that they are peraluminous, high potassium calc‐alkaline I‐type granites with adakitic characteristics. Both intrusions underwent weak crustal assimilation during emplacement. The in situ zircon ∊Hf(t) values of the Xishanyi granodiorites range from –26.4 to –21.8, with TDM2 model ages of 2552 to 2841 Ma. The in situ zircon ∊Hf(t) values of the Jianshan granite are from –27.5 to –23.0 with TDM2 model ages of 2632 to 2904 Ma. The peak age of inherited zircon grains from the Xishanyi granodiorite and the Jianshan granite were ∼2.07 Ga and ∼1.94 Ga, respectively. After compared with the regional magmatism, we suggest that both the Xishanyi and Jianshan granitoid intrusions were derived from partial melting of the NCC lower crust.
Finnish diabetes‐related quality of life questionnaire for children and adolescents: Reliability and validity
Authors: Hannonen Riitta , Vuorimaa Hanna , Rantanen Kati , Alho Iina , Luukkaala Tiina , Heikkilä Anu , Lappalainen Raimo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTo study the psychometric properties, reliability and validity of the FinDiab quality‐of‐life questionnaire (FDQL), a strength‐oriented quality‐of‐life (QOL) questionnaire for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).MethodsParticipants were 215 youths with T1D (aged 10‐17 years). They completed FDQL and comparison questionnaires (KINDL‐R and SDQ). Demographic and disease measures were collected from the participants’ medical records. The questionnaire's psychometric properties were investigated. Construct validity was studied through principal component analysis using Promax rotation, reliability with alphas, and criterion and convergent validity with correlations between sum scale, subscales, demographic and disease factors, and comparison measures.ResultsFDQL demonstrated an adequate range of measurement and feasibility. The four‐factor solution was found to be optimal, resulting in the subscales of flexibility with diabetes, well‐being, social relations and health behaviour. The sum scale correlated significantly with glycaemic control and the psychosocial and QOL comparison measures. Construct, criterion and convergent validity of the subscales was also good. Children under 14 years of age reported better QOL than older adolescents.ConclusionFDQL is a practical QOL assessment method focusing on strengths. The questionnaire has good validity and reliability and is easy to use as a clinical tool.
Disparities in intensity of treatment at end‐of‐life among children according to the underlying cause of death
Authors: Wolff Sanne , Christiansen Christian Fynbo , Johnsen Soeren Paaske , Schroeder Henrik , Darlington Anne‐Sophie , Neergaard Mette Asbjoern 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTo compare indicators of high‐intensity treatment at end‐of‐life (HI‐EOL) among children according to causes of death.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide registry study in Denmark among 938 children of 1‐17 years of age who died from natural causes from 2006 to 2016. We identified and compared indicators of HI‐EOL within the last month of life across diagnoses. Indicators were hospital admissions, days in hospital, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and hospital death.ResultsProportions of each indicator of HI‐EOL ranged from 27% to 75%. The most common indicators were hospital death (75%) and ICU admission (39%). Compared to children with solid tumours, children with non‐cancerous conditions had an adjusted odds ratio of 3.5 (95% CI 2.1‐5.9) of having ≥3 indicators of HI‐EOL within the last month of life and children with haematological cancer had an odds ratio of 11.8 (95% CI 6.1‐23.0).ConclusionThe underlying diagnosis was strongly associated with HI‐EOL. Children who died from solid tumours experienced substantially less intensive treatment than both children with haematological cancer and non‐cancerous conditions did. Across non‐cancerous diagnoses, the intensity of treatment appeared consistent, which may indicate, that the awareness of palliative care is higher among oncologists than within other paediatric fields.
Effects of endogenous and exogenous oestrogen exposure on hearing level in postmenopausal women: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Suh Michelle J. , Oh Sun Kyung , Lee Soo Bin , Kim Sung Huhn 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of endogenous and exogenous oestrogen exposure on hearing levels in postmenopausal women.Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional study.SettingPopulation‐based survey data collected by the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2012.Subjects and MethodsParticipants comprised 3653 postmenopausal women. Detailed histories for reproductive factors and data on the use of hormone replacement therapy were obtained through health questionnaires and otologic examinations, including pure‐tone audiogram and otoscopic findings. Complex‐sample linear regression models controlling for confounding factors were generated to determine whether hormone‐related factors were associated with hearing loss.ResultsWomen who experienced a longer duration of oestrogen exposure had better hearing compared to those who do not in multivariate model adjusting for confounding factors with a lower adjusted beta coefficient of hearing threshold (β = −0.18, 95% confidence interval = −0.3 to −0.07, P = .002). The results also suggested that hormone replacement therapy may be beneficial for attenuating hearing loss (β = −1.22, 95% confidence interval = −2.19 to −0.25, P = .014), particularly in the high‐frequency range from 3 to 6 KHz.ConclusionA longer duration of lifetime oestrogen exposure (LEE) and the use of hormone replacement therapy are likely to attenuate hearing loss. These epidemiologic data provide evidence that oestrogen may be beneficial for attenuating age‐related hearing decline.