bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmentally‐Friendly and Multifunctional Graphene‐Silk Fabric Strain Sensor for Human‐Motion Detection
Authors: Wang Shu , Ning Huiming , Hu Ning , Liu Yaolu , Liu Feng , Zou Rui , Huang Kaiyan , Wu Xiaopeng , Weng Shayuan , Alamusi  
Published: November 2019

AbstractWearable devices are being intensively investigated in an extensive range of applications, particularly in the field of human motion detection. Herein, a graphene‐modified silk fabric strain sensor is fabricated and its satisfactory performance including high sensibility and comfortable fit to the human body is reported. Graphene oxide is coated on silk fabric by vacuum filtration and is reduced by hot press method, which provides the obtained silk fabric strain sensor with good piezoresistivity and being more environmentally friendly compared with chemical reduction. Meanwhile, compared with the other strain sensors, the silk fabric strain sensor shows a linear and high resistance variation rate with increasing strain. Moreover, the fabric sensor also exhibits other excellent performances, including cycle stability, UV‐blocking, and hydrophobicity to some extent. Owing to the above advantages, the modified silk fabric sensor can be sewed together with fabric and has the potential to detect human motions.
Dual‐Electromagnetic Field Enhancements through Suspended Metal/Dielectric/Metal Nanostructures and Plastic Phthalates Detection in Child Urine
Authors: Hu Junzheng , Yu Huikang , Su Guangxu , Song Boxiang , Wang Jie , Wu Zhenqiu , Zhan Peng , Liu Fanxin , Wu Wei , Wang Zhenlin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPlasmonic nanostructures exhibit intriguing optical properties due to spectrally selective plasmon resonance and thus have broad applications, including biochemical sensing and photoelectric detections. However, excited plasmons are often strongly influenced by the substrates supporting the metallic nanostructures, which not only weakens the intrinsic plasmon coupling effect, but also results in a great reduction of optical near‐field enhancement. Here, a plasmonic nanostructure combining collapsible Au‐nanofingers with selective‐etching that enables Au to be suspended is demonstrated, thus avoiding the undesirable influence of the substrates on the local near‐field distribution and forming symmetric electromagnetic‐field enhancements at both the top and bottom surfaces. The polymer support of the Au‐nanofingers is selectively etched by oxygen plasma, while the Au‐cap retains its original size. After an ultrathin dielectric coating is applied on the Au‐nanofingers, suspended Au‐caps with extremely small dielectric gaps are formed via the collapse of neighboring Au‐nanofingers by exposing them to ethanol. These nanostructures can provide a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement of up to ≈109, which is nearly twice that in the nonsuspended system. As a highly active SERS substrate, the label‐free detection of low‐concentration harmful plastic phthalates in a child's urine without any pretreatment is successfully demonstrated, which suggests that this method is suitable for medical prediagnosis.
Copper‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective 1,6‐Conjugate Addition of Aza‐Heterocycles to 1‐Sulfonyl‐1,3‐dienes
Authors: Park Subin , Lee Hanseul , Lee Yunmi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn efficient and straightforward method for the synthesis of new and versatile sulfonyl‐functionalized allylic amines through the selective copper‐catalyzed aza‐1,6‐conjugate addition of heterocycles or arylamines to 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,3‐dienyl sulfones has been developed. This catalytic process is promoted by a combination of an easily prepared and sterically demanding N‐heterocyclic carbene‐based copper complex and KOt‐Bu under mild reaction conditions to provide a broad range of (E)‐allylic amines with excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivities.magnified image
Rewritable Optical Memory Based on Sign Switching of Magnetoresistance
Authors: He Anpeng , Liu Guozhen , Lu Hao , Zhao Run , Gao Ju , Wu Quanying , Zheng Changcheng , Jiang Yucheng , Li Liang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDiscovering ways to control magnetic states by light is very attractive for prospective applications of optical–magnetic sensing and recording. Although several studies have demonstrated the light‐induced switching of magnetization, the magnetoresistance effect was seldom thought to depend on light illumination. A light‐induced magnetoresistance sign switching the resulting writable optical memory are described. A practical method is developed to form a p‐n junction at the interface of a p‐type amorphous carbon film and a quasi‐2D electron gas on an SrTiO3 surface. When illuminated, the as‐formed junction exhibits a clear transition from positive to negative magnetoresistance. A change of optical intensity influences the response time, but not the final value of the negative magnetoresistance. It is also found that, after a light pulse, the negative magnetoresistance state tends to persist, indicating a longstanding memory for an optical signal. This points to a new direction for studying light‐induced magnetoresistance switching, which could lead to the development of new memory devices.
Synaptic Plasticity and Filtering Emulated in Metal–Organic Frameworks Nanosheets Based Transistors
Authors: Ding Guanglong , Yang Baidong , Zhou Kui , Zhang Chen , Wang Yaxin , Yang Jia‐Qin , Han Su‐Ting , Zhai Yongbiao , Roy Vellaisamy A. L. , Zhou Ye 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in a variety of mature applications, including catalysis, drug delivery, and sensors. Based on their highly accessible active sites, 2D MOFs are expected to be good charge trapping elements. Using 2D MOF, Zn‐TCPP (TCPP: tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrin), as charge trapping materials by a simple solution process, a three‐terminal synaptic device which can realize the learning functions and signal transmission simultaneously is firstly fabricated. The as‐fabricated synaptic device exhibits ambipolar charge carrier trapping performance, large currenton/currentoff ratio (>103) and excellent endurance (500 cycle times). Moreover, the common biological synaptic behaviors, including postsynaptic current under different temperature, pulse duration time and pulse voltage, paired‐pulse facilitation, paired‐pulse depression, spiking rate dependent plasticity, dynamic filtering, transition from short‐term potentiation to long‐term potentiation, learning–forgetting–relearning process, are successfully simulated using our synaptic transistor. This research is highly relevant for broadening the application range of 2D MOFs and has important enlightenment for future neuromorphic computing.
What Differences Do They See? Using Mixed Methods to Capture Adolescent Perceptions of Neighborhood Contexts
Authors: Pratt Mercedes , King Mikayla , Burash Jessica , Tompsett Carolyn J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent neighborhood research emphasizes the importance of individuals’ perceptions of their neighborhoods, as well as expands the definition of “neighborhood” to include the different contexts encountered during routine daily activities (Coulton et al., 2013; Kwan, 2012). The present study uses qualitative interviews, sketch mapping, and survey data to explore adolescents’ experiences of different neighborhoods within their activity space. Participants included 55 racially diverse youth aged 11–19 (M = 14.64, SD = 2.33) who resided in low‐income neighborhoods in a small city in the Midwest. The majority reported spending time in multiple self‐defined neighborhoods, noting significant differences between neighborhoods on collective efficacy, street code, and on participant‐generated dimensions. Self‐defined neighborhoods did not correspond to Census tracts, and Census indicators were not associated with youth's perceptions (e.g., collective efficacy, street code). Youth spent time in neighborhoods that differed significantly on multiple Census indicators of structural disadvantage, though within‐individual differences tended to be small in magnitude. Type of routine activity was largely not predictive of distance traveled from home, though some findings suggest youth were more likely to cross neighborhood boundaries to engage in structured activities compared to different unstructured activities. Implications for neighborhood research and interventions are discussed.
Psychosocial work stressors, high family responsibilities, and psychological distress among women: A 5‐year prospective study
Authors: Gilbert‐Ouimet Mahée , Brisson Chantal , Vézina Michel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPsychological distress is a strong and independent predictor of major depression. Assuming multiple roles (such as being both a mother and an employee) under stressful conditions may lead to psychological distress. This study evaluated, for the first time, the longitudinal effect of the simultaneous exposure to psychosocial work stressors and high family responsibilities on women's psychological distress.MethodsWomen were assessed at baseline (N = 1307) and at 3‐ and 5‐year follow‐ups. Psychosocial work stressors of the demand‐control and effort‐reward imbalance models were measured with validated questionnaires. Family responsibilities were also self‐reported and referred to the number of children and their age(s) as well as housework and childcare. Psychological distress was measured with the validated Psychiatric Symptoms Index questionnaire. Prevalence ratios (PR) of psychological distress were modeled with log‐binomial regressions.ResultsHaving high family responsibilities did not increase women's prevalence of psychological distress. However, being exposed to either job strain or effort‐reward imbalance led to a higher prevalence of psychological distress at the 3‐ and 5‐year follow‐ups (PR of 1.25‐1.62). Being simultaneous exposed to these psychosocial work stressors and high family responsibilities also increased the prevalence of psychological distress (PR of 1.44‐1.87), but no interactions were observed between stressors and responsibilities.ConclusionsIn this 5‐year prospective study, simultaneous exposure to psychosocial work stressors and high family responsibilities increased the prevalence of psychological distress among women. Work stressors were, however, driving most of the effect, which reinforces their importance as modifiable risk factors of women's mental health problems.
Radical Acylfluoroalkylation of Olefins through N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis
Authors: Li Jun‐Long , Liu Yan‐Qing , Zou Wen‐Lin , Zeng Rong , Zhang Xiang , Liu Yue , Han Bo , He Yu , Leng Hai‐Jun , Li Qing‐Zhu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFluorinated ketones are widely prevalent in numerous biologically interesting molecules, and the development of novel transformations to access these structures is an important task in organic synthesis. Herein, we report the multicomponent radical acylfluoroalkylation of a variety of olefins in the presence of various commercially available aromatic aldehydes and fluoroalkyl reagents through N‐heterocyclic carbene organocatalysis. With this protocol, over 120 examples of functionalized ketones with diverse fluorine substituents have been synthesized in up to 99 % yield with complete regioselectivity. The generality of this catalytic strategy was further highlighted by its successful application in the late‐stage functionalization of pharmaceutical skeletons. Excellent diastereoselectivity could be achieved in the reactions forging multiple stereocenters. In addition, preliminary results have been achieved on the catalytic asymmetric variant of the olefin difunctionalization process.
Female citation impact superiority 1996–2018 in six out of seven English‐speaking nations
Authors: Thelwall Mike 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEfforts to combat continuing gender inequalities in academia need to be informed by evidence about where differences occur. Citations are relevant as potential evidence in appointment and promotion decisions, but it is unclear whether there have been historical gender differences in average citation impact that might explain the current shortfall of senior female academics. This study investigates the evolution of gender differences in citation impact 1996–2018 for six million articles from seven large English‐speaking nations: Australia, Canada, Ireland, Jamaica, New Zealand, UK, and the USA. The results show that a small female citation advantage has been the norm over time for all these countries except the USA, where there has been no practical difference. The female citation advantage is largest, and statistically significant in most years, for Australia and the UK. This suggests that any academic bias against citing female‐authored research cannot explain current employment inequalities. Nevertheless, comparisons using recent citation data, or avoiding it altogether, during appointments or promotion may disadvantage females in some countries by underestimating the likely greater impact of their work, especially in the long term.
“Mind the five”: Guidelines for data privacy and security in humanitarian work with undocumented migrants and other vulnerable populations
Authors: Vannini Sara , Gomez Ricardo , Newell Bryce Clayton 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe forced displacement and transnational migration of millions of people around the world is a growing phenomenon that has been met with increased surveillance and datafication by a variety of actors. Small humanitarian organizations that help irregular migrants in the United States frequently do not have the resources or expertise to fully address the implications of collecting, storing, and using data about the vulnerable populations they serve. As a result, there is a risk that their work could exacerbate the vulnerabilities of the very same migrants they are trying to help. In this study, we propose a conceptual framework for protecting privacy in the context of humanitarian information activities (HIA) with irregular migrants. We draw from a review of the academic literature as well as interviews with individuals affiliated with several US‐based humanitarian organizations, higher education institutions, and nonprofit organizations that provide support to undocumented migrants. We discuss 3 primary issues: (i) HIA present both technological and human risks; (ii) the expectation of privacy self‐management by vulnerable populations is problematic; and (iii) there is a need for robust, actionable, privacy‐related guidelines for HIA. We suggest 5 recommendations to strengthen the privacy protection offered to undocumented migrants and other vulnerable populations.
Coronary sinus reducer implantation in the middle cardiac vein for the treatment of refractory angina
Authors: D'Amico Gianpiero , Massussi Mauro , Fraccaro Chiara , Tarantini Giuseppe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCoronary sinus Reducer is a current therapeutic treatment for patients with persistent refractory angina. We report a case of successful implantation of the device in the middle cardiac vein of a 65 years old female patient. The singular and unusual site for the Reducer was planned after a careful assessment of the venous drainage of the ischemic territory.
Lower urine sodium predicts longer length of stay in acute heart failure patients: Insights from the ROSE AHF trial
Authors: Cunningham Jonathan W. , Sun Jie‐Lena , Mc Causland Finnian R. , Ly Samantha , Anstrom Kevin J. , Lindenfeld Joann , Givertz Michael M. , Stevenson Lynne W. , Lakdawala Neal K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn patients hospitalized with acute heart failure (AHF), low urine sodium concentration (UNa) after diuretic treatment may identify patients at risk for longer length of stay (LOS) and adverse events. We investigated the prognostic significance of 24‐hour cumulative postdiuretic urine sodium concentration in a multicenter clinical trial population.MethodsThe Renal Optimization Strategies Evaluation AHF (ROSE AHF) trial randomized 360 patients with AHF and renal dysfunction receiving intravenous diuretic to dopamine, nesiritide, or placebo. Sodium concentration was measured in cumulative urine sample collected during the first 24 hours after randomization in 298 patients. Based on prior studies, lower UNa was defined as ≤60 mmol/L.ResultsLower UNa was present in 142 (48%) patients, who had longer LOS (7 days vs 5 days, P < .001) and less 72‐hour weight loss (5.7 lb vs 9.0 lb, P < .001). These associations persisted after controlling for baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate and outpatient furosemide dose. Lower UNa did not modify the null effects of dopamine or nesiritide on clinical outcomes. Results were similar for spot rather than cumulative 24‐hour UNa concentration.ConclusionIn patients hospitalized for AHF and renal dysfunction, UNa ≤ 60 mmol/L during the first 24 hours of diuresis identifies patients at risk for prolonged hospitalization but does not provide an indication for adjunctive dopamine or nesiritide.
Rising incidence of late‐stage head and neck cancer in the United States
Authors: Thompson‐Harvey Adam , Yetukuri Mahi , Hansen Alec R. , Simpson Matthew C. , Adjei Boakye Eric , Varvares Mark A. , Osazuwa‐Peters Nosayaba 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe current study was conducted to determine whether the incidence of late‐stage head and neck cancer (HNC) is decreasing and to estimate the risk of late‐stage HNC diagnosis based on race and sex.MethodsAge‐adjusted incidence rates for patients aged ≥18 years with stage IV HNC were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004‐2015). Rates were stratified by race, sex, and age. Joinpoint regression estimated annual percent changes (APCs) in rates over time, and logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs).ResultsThere were 57,118 patients with stage IV HNC in the current study cohort, with an average age of 61.9 years. From 2004 to 2015, the age‐adjusted incidence rates for stage IV HNC significantly increased by 26.1% (6.11 per 100,000 person‐years in 2004 to 7.70 per 100,000 person‐years in 2015). White and Asian/Pacific Islander/American Indian/Alaska Native patients had significant increases in incidence (APC for white patients, 3.03 [P < .01] and APC for other races, 1.95 [P < .01]), whereas rates among black patients remained stable but were highest across racial groups. Incidence was higher among males compared with females. When restricted only to patients with stage IVC (metastatic) HNC, there remained a significant increase in incidence, especially for oropharyngeal cancer, which showed a 22.9% increase (0.21 per 100,000 person‐years in 2004 vs 0.25 per 100,000 person‐years in 2015). Despite a decreasing overall incidence of stage IV HNC in black patients (aOR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.22‐1.34) they, along with males (aOR, 3.95; 95% CI, 3.80‐4.11), had significantly increased risks of being diagnosed with late‐stage HNC.ConclusionsThere is an increasing incidence of late‐stage HNC in the United States, with male patients and black individuals faring the worst.
Oral status of HIV‐infected children aged 12 years or younger who attended a Paediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic in Cape Town
Authors: Mohamed Nadia , Mathiba Olorato Patience , Mulder Riaan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundChildren continue to suffer from the impact of the human immunodeficiency virus‐acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic. In Cape Town, these children receive medical care including antiretroviral therapy from facilities like Tygerberg Hospital's Paediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic. HIV‐infected children may experience an increased caries experience when compared with their healthy peers.AimThe aim of this study was to determine the oral health status of HIV‐infected children younger than 12 years receiving antiviral drugs at the Paediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among children aged between 2 and 12 years presenting at this clinic. Caregivers were interviewed to obtain information regarding health seeking behaviour, oral hygiene practices and dietary habits. A single clinician undertook a standardized clinical intraoral examination according to the World Health Organization guidelines, with modifications.ResultsSixty‐six children were recruited. A high prevalence of dental caries (78.8%) and an unmet treatment need of 90.4% were recorded among the participants. Most children had never visited the dentist, and those who did had mainly received emergency dental care.ConclusionThe high prevalence of severe dental caries in this population highlights the need for oral health awareness and the inclusion of oral health care in the comprehensive care of children with HIV.Why this paper is important to paediatric dentists

The study highlights the importance of collaborating with health professions outside of dentistry.
Doctors and nurses are often the first health professionals to come into contact with children with special needs. They should therefore be made aware of the early signs of decay so that these patients can be referred for dental treatment timeously.
Holistic management of children with special healthcare needs is essential to improve their overall well‐being.
What colour is the corporate social responsibility report? Structural visual rhetoric, impression management strategies, and stakeholder engagement
Authors: García‐Sánchez Isabel‐María , Araújo‐Bernardo Cristina‐Andrea 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper analyses the level of managerial discretion in the practice of disclosing social and environmental information using impression management techniques based on visual rhetoric and associated with the structural dimension of the size of graphics and photographs and the colour of these images and of the animations in the report. From a sample of 105 non‐financial information statements from the 35 Spanish companies that were part of the IBEX 35 in 2018, 2017, and 2013, the results suggest two different impression management strategies used by companies to manage stakeholder's perception, with specific features at the industry level and with different levels of divergence/convergence in the structural dimensions of size or colour according to the level of standardisation in the revealed information.
Q2ABR: QoE‐aware adaptive video bit rate solution
Authors: Amour Lamine , Souihi Sami , Mellouk Abdelhamid , Mushtaq S.M. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a new adaptive bit rate (ABR) streaming method. This method is based on estimating and monitoring users' video streaming experience, their quality of experience (QoE). This ensures a good user QoE and optimises bandwidth utilisation by monitoring video buffer fill rate to ensure minimal data traffic. First, we achieve a QoE evaluation model based on network bandwidth, video segment representation, and dropped video frame rate parameters. Second, following our QoE evaluation model, we formulate an ABR method using the reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm to select video representations and using a breakpoint detection mechanism to monitor end‐user QoE variation. The proposed ABR method is called “QoE‐aware adaptive bit rate (Q2ABR)” and is composed of three individual modules, one for QoE estimation using machine learning methods, one for QoE variation monitoring using the breakpoint detection mechanism, and one for video representation selection using reinforcement learning. The design objective of Q2ABR is to ensure the overall QoE of these users while maintaining a minimum variation in the standard deviation of the users' QoE values. Third, the performance of the Q2ABR method is evaluated and compared with several existing ABR approaches in the literature using real traces that we collect on different transport scenarios (such as bus and train, among others). Since this method considers the user's perception of video quality as a regulator for optimising the overall video distribution network, good results are ensured in terms of the user's experience and buffer fill rate.