bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of preterm adversity on cardiorespiratory function
Authors: McDonald Fiona B. , Dempsey Eugene M. , O'Halloran Ken D. 
Published: October 2019

New Findings
What is the topic of this review?
We review the influence of prematurity on the cardiorespiratory system and examine the common sequel of alterations in oxygen tension, and immune activation in preterm infants.

What advances does it highlight?
The review highlights neonatal animal models of intermittent hypoxia, hyperoxia and infection that contribute to our understanding of the effect of stress on neurodevelopment and cardiorespiratory homeostasis. We also focus on some of the important physiological pathways that have a modulatory role on the cardiorespiratory system in early life.

AbstractPreterm birth is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality. Babies that survive early‐life stress associated with immaturity have significant prevailing short‐ and long‐term morbidities. Oxygen dysregulation in the first few days and weeks after birth is a primary concern as the cardiorespiratory system slowly adjusts to extrauterine life. Infants exposed to rapid alterations in oxygen tension, including exposures to hypoxia and hyperoxia, have altered redox balance and active immune signalling, leading to altered stress responses that impinge on neurodevelopment and cardiorespiratory homeostasis. In this review, we explore the clinical challenges posed by preterm birth, followed by an examination of the literature on animal models of oxygen dysregulation and immune activation in the context of early‐life stress.
Análisis sociobibliométrico comparativo de la carrera de Psicología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (1996-2017)
Authors: Fierro Catriel , Di Doménico María Cristina , Klappenbach Hugo Alberto 
Published: October 2019

Con el objetivo de ofrecer datos públicos y empíricos desde una perspectiva sociobibliométrica sobre la formación ofrecida por la Licenciatura en Psicología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina), se realizó un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de la bibliografía de las 22 asignaturas obligatorias de los ciclos básico y profesional (N = 2 572), de acuerdo a 12 indicadores sociobibliométricos, comparándose los resultados con estudios de décadas anteriores. Los hallazgos indican una predominancia hegemónica y casi excluyente de textos y autores psicoanalíticos, un decrecimiento de otras orientaciones teóricas, de textos publicados en los últimos años y de papers de revistas con referato, un aumento de autores diplomados en Psicología y una obsolescencia media de la literatura de más de 35 años. Se concluye sobre las implicancias legales y socioinstitucionales de tal situación.
Juego patológico en población reclusa colombiana: resultados preliminares en prevalencia y comorbilidad
Authors: Ruiz Pérez José Ignacio , Echeburúa Enrique 
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer la prevalencia de probable ludopatía en una muestra no aleatoria de reclusos hombres y mujeres (N = 334), localizados en cinco centros penitenciarios. Se empleó un cuestionario en dos versiones. La parte común a ambas formas incluyó el Cuestionario Breve de Juego Patológico ([CBJP]; Fernández-Montalvo, Báez, & Echeburúa-Odriozola, 1995), una Lista de Chequeo de Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas (Ruiz-Pérez, 2015) e información sociodemográfica. La forma A del cuestionario incorporó la Escala de Impulsividad de Plutchik (Ruiz-Pérez, 2015); la forma B, el cuestionario de evaluación de síntomas de psicopatología SA-45 (Sandín, Valiente, Chorot, Santed, & Lostao, 2008). Los resultados mostraron que la proporción de probables jugadores patológicos fue del 32.3 % para hombres y del 18.8 % para mujeres. El puntaje en el SA-45 y el consumo de alcohol se asociaron directamente con los síntomas de juego patológico. En cuanto al análisis de regresión, en las mujeres, las variables predictoras de la ludopatía fueron la participación en juegos de azar y el consumo de alcohol; en los hombres, fue el grado de psicopatología, sobre todo la hostilidad.
Heat Transfer and Friction Factor Correlations for Solar Air Heater With Gap in V-Rib With Symmetrical Gap and Staggered Ribs
Authors: Patel Sumer Singh , Lanjewar Atul 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present experimental study is concerned with heat transfer analysis of air flowing in solar air heater duct with a gap in V-rib with symmetrical gap and staggered ribs geometry. The investigated parameters are Reynolds number (Re) of 4000–14,000, relative roughness pitch (p/e) of 12, relative roughness height (e/Dh) of 0.043, angle of attack (α) of 60 deg, relative staggered rib pitch (p′/p) of 0.65, relative gap size (g/e) of 4, relative staggered rib size (r/e) of 4, relative gap position of additional gap in each symmetrical rib elements (d/w) of 0.65, relative gap size of additional gap in each symmetrical rib elements (g′/e) of 1, number of main gaps (Ng) of 1, 2, 3, 4, and number of additional gap (ng) varying from 1 to 5. Fourteen roughened absorber plates were tested. The maximum enhancement in Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f) was 2.34 and 2.79 times that of smooth surface corresponding to the number of main gaps (Ng) of 4 with the number of additional gaps (ng) of 4. The performance of the gap in V-rib with symmetrical gap and staggered rib geometry has been compared with the existing latest V-rib geometry and smooth surface. The proposed gap in V-rib with symmetrical gap and staggered ribs geometry has a better performance than the existing latest V-rib geometry. The following correlations have been developed for heat transfer and friction factor in terms of roughness and operating parameters.
Heat transfer:Nur=0.0073(Re)0.9788(Ng)0.2790(ng)0.0184exp[−0.1678(ln(Ng))2]exp[−0.0129(ln(ng))2]
Friction factor:fr=0.0477(Re)−0.0678(Ng)0.5919(ng)−0.0562exp[−0.4922(ln(Ng))2]exp[−0.0487(ln(ng))2]
New Considerations for Wearable Technology Data: Changes in Running Biomechanics During a Marathon
Authors: Clermont Christian A. , Benson Lauren C. , Edwards W. Brent , Hettinga Blayne A. , Ferber Reed 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to use wearable technology data to quantify alterations in subject-specific running patterns throughout a marathon race and to determine if runners could be clustered into subgroups based on similar trends in running gait alterations throughout the marathon. Using a wearable sensor, data were collected for cadence, braking, bounce, pelvic rotation, pelvic drop, and ground contact time for 27 runners. A composite index was calculated based on the “typical” data (4–14 km) for each runner and evaluated for 14 individual 2-km sections thereafter to detect “atypical” data (ie, higher indices). A cluster analysis assigned all runners to a subgroup based on similar trends in running alterations. Results indicated that the indices became significantly higher starting at 20 to 22 km. Cluster 1 exhibited lower indices than cluster 2 throughout the marathon, and the only significant difference in characteristics between clusters was that cluster 1 had a lower age–grade performance score than cluster 2. In summary, this study presented a novel method to investigate the effects of fatigue on running biomechanics using wearable technology in a real-world setting. Recreational runners with higher age–grade performance scores had less atypical running patterns throughout the marathon compared with runners with lower age–grade performance scores.
Physical Activity and Fundamental Movement Skills of 3- to 5-Year-Old Children in Irish Preschool Services
Authors: Duff Christina , Issartel Johann , O’ Brien Wesley , Belton Sarahjane 
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to quantify levels of physical activity (PA) and fundamental movement skills (FMS) of children aged 3 to 5 years in Irish preschool services during care hours, and investigate the relationship between these two variables. Data were collected from 141 children (50.3% boys, ageM = 3.9 ± 0.5 years) across 9 preschool services. Measurements included PA via accelerometry, and proficiency in four FMS (run, vertical jump, throw and catch). The recommended guideline of 15 minutes of PA per hour (min PA/hour) was met by 35% of children (M = 13.6 min PA/hour). Significant differences in mean PA per hour were found by gender, with boys (14.2 min PA/hour) more active than girls (13.0 min PA/ hour), and age, with younger children (14.2 min PA/hour) more active than older (12.6 minutes PA/hour). Percentage of children proficient in the run was high (88.4%), but low across the other skills (4.9%–18.5%). Significant differences were identified by gender for vertical jump with girls scoring higher than boys. No significant relationship was found between FMS and total PA. Low levels of PA and FMS proficiency highlight need for intervention in early years settings to ensure children develop skills to participate in PA.
Girls From Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Schools Exhibit Greater Object Control Skills Than Girls From Schools on the Upper Levels of Socioeconomic Development
Authors: Neville Ross D. , Lyons Fergal , Doyle Brendan , Lakes Kimberley D. 
Published: October 2019

This study compared fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children from schools on the lower and upper levels of socioeconomic status. Data were collected from 228 schoolchildren across five schools in Ireland. There were 147 children from schools of social disadvantage (Mage = 7.67 [SD = 0.62] years; 55% boys) and 81 children from schools considered in the normal range for socioeconomic development (Mage = 7.34 [SD = 0.26] years; 56% boys). FMS were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development–2. Mixed models were used to estimate differences in FMS, while controlling for the nested structure of the data and for sex, age, body mass index, and class size. There was a substantial sex×school interaction, with girls from schools of social disadvantage exhibiting greater object-control skills proficiency than their counterparts in schools on the upper tertiles of socioeconomic development (standardized effect size = 0.66 [±95% confidence limits, ±0.50];p = .02). The suggestion that children from social disadvantage are delayed in FMS is unsupported in this cohort. Differences in the structure of physical education and types of sports undertaken by children in schools of social disadvantage in Ireland are considered as explanations for this departure from previous studies.
The Applicability of Thigh-Worn vs. Hip-Worn ActiGraph Accelerometers During Walking and Running
Authors: Pedersen Katja Krustrup , Skovgaard Esben Lykke , Larsen Ryan , Stengaard Mikkel , Sørensen Søren , Overgaard Kristian 
Published: October 2019

Accelerometers are widely used to measure physical activity, but limitations in the ability to differentiate between running intensities have been reported. This problem may relate to accelerometer placement. In this study, we compare the validity of accelerometers placed on the hip and the thigh for the measurement of walking and running speed under laboratory and field conditions. Young healthy men and women wore ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the hip and on the thigh while performing walking and running activities in laboratory (n = 31) and field conditions (n = 17). Vector magnitude counts per minute (VM cpm) were correlated with speed of locomotion and, during laboratory trials, with oxygen consumption (VO2, ml·min−1·kg−1). Both hip- and thigh-placed VM cpm showed strong correlations with walking speed ranging from 3 to 7 km·h−1 (r = 0.93 and r = 0.95, respectively) and VO2 (r = 0.85 and r = 0.91, respectively). Compared with the hip-placed VM cpm, thigh-placed VM cpm showed significantly stronger correlations with running speed ranging from 7 to 20 km·h−1 (r = 0.29 and r = 0.89, respectively) and the corresponding VO2 (r = 0.25 and r = 0.87, respectively). Regardless of accelerometer placement, VM cpm were similar between laboratory and field tests performed at comparable walking and running speeds. These results show that accelerometers placed on the thigh, but not on the hip, provide proportional output across a wide range of walking and running speeds. Thus, thigh-placed accelerometers are able to differentiate between running intensities in both laboratory and field conditions.
Factors associated with healthcare workers willingness to participate in disasters: a cross-sectional study in Sana’a, Yemen
Authors: Al-Hunaishi Weiam , Hoe Victor CW , Chinna Karuthan 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesWillingness to participate in disasters is usually overlooked and not addressed in disaster preparedness training courses to ensure health service coverage. This will lead to issues during the disaster’s response. This study, therefore, aims to assess healthcare workers willingness to participate in biological and natural disasters, and to identify its associated factors.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to 1093 healthcare workers. The data were analysed using multiple logistic regression with significance level p<0.05. Ethical clearance and consent of the participants were duly obtained.SettingIn three public hospitals that provide tertiary-level healthcare in Sana’a City, Yemen.ParticipantsThere were 692 nurses and doctors (response rate 63.3%) completed the questionnaires.ResultsAlmost half of the participants 55.1% were nurses and 44.9% were doctors. The study found that self-efficacy was associated with willingness to participate in disaster response for any type of disasters (OR 1.319, 95% CI 1.197 to 1.453), natural disasters (OR 1.143, 95% CI 1.069 to 1.221) and influenza pandemic (OR 1.114, 95% CI 1.050 to 1.182). The results further show that willingness is associated with healthcare workers being young, male and having higher educational qualifications.ConclusionSelf-efficacy has been found to be an important factor associated with willingness. Improving self-efficacy through training in disaster preparedness may increase willingness of healthcare workers to participate in a disaster.
Differences in hospital admissions practices following self-harm and their influence on population-level comparisons of self-harm rates in South London: an observational study
Authors: Polling C , Bakolis Ioannis , Hotopf Matthew , Hatch Stephani L. 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo compare the proportions of emergency department (ED) attendances following self-harm that result in admission between hospitals, examine whether differences are explained by severity of harm and examine the impact on spatial variation in self-harm rates of using ED attendance data versus admissions data.SettingA dataset of ED attendances and admissions with self-harm to four hospitals in South East London, 2009–2016 was created using linked electronic patient record data and administrative Hospital Episode Statistics.DesignProportions admitted following ED attendance and length of stay were compared. Variation and spatial patterning of age and sex standardised, spatially smoothed, self-harm rates by small area using attendance and admission data were compared and the association with distance travelled to hospital tested.ResultsThere were 20 750 ED attendances with self-harm, 7614 (37%) resulted in admission. Proportion admitted varied substantially between hospitals with a risk ratio of 2.45 (95% CI 2.30 to 2.61) comparing most and least likely to admit. This was not altered by adjustment for patient demographics, deprivation and type of self-harm. Hospitals which admitted more had a higher proportion of admissions lasting less than 24 hours (54% of all admissions at highest admitting hospital vs 35% at lowest). A previously demonstrated pattern of lower rates of self-harm admission closer to the city centre was reduced when ED attendance rates were used to represent self-harm. This was not altered when distance travelled to hospital was adjusted for.ConclusionsHospitals vary substantially in likelihood of admission after ED presentation with self-harm and this is likely due to the differences in hospital practices rather than in the patient population or severity of self-harm seen. Public health policy that directs resources based on self-harm admissions data could exacerbate existing health inequalities in inner-city areas where these data may underestimate rates relative to other areas.
Exploring the views of female genital mutilation survivors, their male partners and healthcare professionals on the timing of deinfibulation surgery and NHS FGM care provision (the FGM Sister Study): protocol for a qualitative study
Authors: Jones Laura , Danks Emma , Clarke Joanne , Alidu Lailah , Costello Benjamin , Jolly Kate , Byrne Alison , Fassam-Wright Meg , Latthe Pallavi , Taylor Julie 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionFemale genital mutilation (FGM) is a significant global health concern and is likely to become an increasingly important healthcare challenge in destination countries such as the UK owing to rising levels of migration from FGM-affected countries. Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal timing of deinfibulation (opening) surgery for women who have experienced type 3 FGM and care provision remains suboptimal in the UK. This qualitative study aims to explore the views of survivors, male partners and healthcare professionals (HCPs) on the timing of deinfibulation and delivery of NHS FGM services.Methods and analysisA qualitative study, informed by the Sound of Silence conceptual framework, will be undertaken via two work packages (WPs). WP1 will explore views on timing preferences for deinfibulation and NHS FGM services through interviews and discussion groups with FGM survivors (n~50), male partners (n~10) and HCPs (n~50). WP2 will use established techniques via two workshops (community (n~20–25 participants) and national stakeholder (n~30–35 participants)) to synthesise qualitative research findings and inform best practice and policy recommendations around the timing of deinfibulation and NHS FGM care provision. Supported by trained interpreters, data collection will be audio recorded and transcribed. Data will be analysed using the framework method to facilitate a systematic mapping and exploration of qualitative data from multiple sources.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethical approval from the North West Greater Manchester East Research Ethics Committee (18/NW/0498). The outputs for this study will be recommendations for best practice and policy around FGM care provision that reflects the views and preferences of key stakeholders. The findings will be disseminated via conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications, patient groups, third sector organisations and social media.Trial registration numberISRCTN14710507.
Therapeutic effect of resveratrol supplementation on oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Koushki Mehdi , Lakzaei Mostafa , Khodabandehloo Hadi , Hosseini Hossein , Meshkani Reza , Panahi Ghodratollah 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundResveratrol is a naturally occurring polyphenol compound mainly found in grapes and red wine. The evidence has suggested that resveratrol has an antioxidant effect. However, the results are inconsistent and inconclusive. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of resveratrol supplementation on markers of oxidative stress.MethodsWe searched PubMed, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus and the Cochrane library up to December 2018 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing resveratrol supplementation effects on oxidative markers. Heterogeneity, publication bias, risk of bias and subgroup analysis were analysed. This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA).ResultsMeta-analysis of data from 12 RCTs did not support significant effect of resveratrol supplementation on circulating levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (standardized mean difference (SMD) (1.12), (95% CI −0.91 to 3.1), p=0.28), catalase (CAT) (SMD (−0.07), (95% CI −1.4 to 1.3), p=0.92) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (SMD (−0.76), (95% CI −2.56 to 1.04), p=0.40). Although, resveratrol supplementation increased significantly circulating total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentrations (SMD (0.52), (95% CI −0.02 to 1.07), p=0.05). Severe heterogeneity was observed between studies, and no obvious publication bias was observed in included RCTs.ConclusionCollectively, our findings of available RCTs did no show any benefit of resveratrol supplementation on SOD, CAT and GPx except for TAC. Well-designed RCTs are necessary to confirm these results.
Imputing missing data of function and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis registers: what is the best technique?
Authors: Mongin Denis , Lauper Kim , Turesson Carl , Hetland Merete Lund , Klami Kristianslund Eirik , Kvien Tore K , Santos Maria Jose , Pavelka Karel , Iannone Florenzo , Finckh Axel , Courvoisier Delphine Sophie 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo compare several methods of missing data imputation for function (Health Assessment Questionnaire) and for disease activity (Disease Activity Score-28 and Clinical Disease Activity Index) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.MethodsOne thousand RA patients from observational cohort studies with complete data for function and disease activity at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months were selected to conduct a simulation study. Values were deleted at random or following a predicted attrition bias. Three types of imputation were performed: (1) methods imputing forward in time (last observation carried forward; linear forward extrapolation); (2) methods considering data both forward and backward in time (nearest available observation—NAO; linear extrapolation; polynomial extrapolation); and (3) methods using multi-individual models (linear mixed effects cubic regression—LME3; multiple imputation by chained equation—MICE). The performance of each estimation method was assessed using the difference between the mean outcome value, the remission and low disease activity rates after imputation of the missing values and the true value.ResultsWhen imputing missing baseline values, all methods underestimated equally the true value, but LME3 and MICE correctly estimated remission and low disease activity rates. When imputing missing follow-up values at 6, 12, or 24 months, NAO provided the least biassed estimate of the mean disease activity and corresponding remission rate. These results were not affected by the presence of attrition bias.ConclusionWhen imputing function and disease activity in large registers of active RA patients, researchers can consider the use of a simple method such as NAO for missing follow-up data, and the use of mixed-effects regression or multiple imputation for baseline data.
Effects of the bioregulators ACC, 6-BA, ABA, and NAA as thinning agents on Gala apples
Authors: Cortens Michelle H. , Cline John A. 
Published: October 2019

Gala apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees are prone to heavy cropping but respond to chemical fruitlet thinners to reduce crop load and improve fruit quality. Environmental concerns over the fate of the chemical fruitlet thinner carbaryl is widely acknowledged, but crop load management options are limited. In southern Ontario, Gala trees were treated with new thinning compounds or combinations to determine post-bloom thinning efficacy and resulting fruit quality. Treatments included 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) combined with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or abscisic acid (ABA), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) alone applied at 9 mm in 2014 and 17 mm in 2015. The treatment NAA + 6-BA produced unacceptably small “pygmy” fruit when applied at 17 mm fruitlet diameter. ABA at 150 and 300 mg L−1and ACC at 150 mg L−1, when applied at 17 mm fruitlet diameter, resulted in acceptable fruit set, crop load, and quality results in comparison with the carbaryl thinner in 1 yr. The bioregulators ACC and ABA combined with 6-BA showed commercial potential for thinning Gala fruit but require further evaluation.