bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of student’s MVPA level in school and neighborhood environment changing with age: a 12-month follow-up study in Ningxia province
Authors: Huang Wei , Shi Xiangrong , Wang Yujie , Li Xiaoling , Gao Pengpeng , Lu Jieguo , Zhuang Jie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The benefits of physical activity have been identified in children and adolescents. However, the prevalence of physical inactivity in school-aged children and adolescents was high in China. Most time of students spends in neighborhood and school, and these play an important role in student’s MVPA level. Therefore, we will investigate the impact of implementing the national health promotion policy on PA behavior in school-aged children and adolescents and the effects that influence the changes in PA behavior in this study.
Methods
This is a longitudinal study with a 12-month follow-up. The study sample came from 2016 and 2017 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study, total 1611 students (aged 7–18 years) from 31 primary, junior high, and high schools were included in this study. The physical and social environment in school and neighborhood were measured by questionnaire at baseline and after 12 months. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the relationship of influential factors and moderate- and vigorous MVPA.
Results
There is no significant difference in MVPA level between 2016 and 2017. Student’s attitudes to PA, neighborhood facilities, and organizations were improved significantly after 12 months. The influential factors changed after 12 months. In 2016 the top three contributors were attitude to MVPA(OR 3.08 with 95% CL 1.22, 7.76), neighborhood PA facilities(OR 1.52, 95% CL 1.24, 1.86) and age(OR 1.38, 95% CL 1.13, 1.69), and in 2017 the top three factors were student’s attitude to PA(OR 4.28, 95%CL 1.788,10.245), school extra time for PA(OR 2.29, 95% CL 1.56, 3.36) and the frequency of sports events in neighborhood(OR 1.84, 95% CL 1.34, 2.53).
Conclusions
The single health policy is not effective for student’s MVPA promotion. There may be some factors mediate the relationship between neighborhood environment and MVPA level with age and grade increasing. In the future, more studies are needed to explore the change of influential factors and mediators with age. The findings of this study may provide some evidence for future policy-making.
Family function fully mediates the relationship between social support and depression among antenatal and postpartum women in rural Southwest China
Authors: Huang Yilin , Liu Yan , Wang Yu , Liu Danping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Antenatal and postpartum depression is the most common complication of gestation and childbearing affecting women and their families, and good social support and family function are considered the protective and modifiable factors. This study aimed to investigate the depression status and to clarify the interrelationships between social support and depression considering the influence of family function among antenatal and postpartum women in rural areas of Southwest China.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from a total of 490 rural antenatal (N=249) and postpartum(N=241) women (age: 28.17± 5.12). A structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationships among the variables. The following instruments were used: the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), the APGAR Family Care Index Scale, and the Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS).Results: We found that the prevalence of depression was 10.4%. Path analysis showed that family function had a direct negative correlation with depression (β =-0.251, 95%CI: (-0.382)– (-0.118)). Social support had a direct positive correlation with family function (β =0.293, 95%CI: (0.147– 0.434)) and had an indirect negative correlation with depression (β =-0.074, 95%CI: (-0.139)– (-0.032)), family function fully mediated the relationship between social support and depression. Conclusions: Findings of this study highlight that family function should be considered as the key target for interventions aiming to lower the prevalence of antenatal and postpartum depression. Family members interventions are critical to reduce depression among antenatal and postpartum women.
Indicators of early hospitalization decision to shorten emergency department length of stay of suicide attempters
Authors: Kim Hye Jin , Lee Duk Hee 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Suicide attempters contribute to a significant public health problem. Individuals are estimated to make up to 20 suicide attempts before committing suicide. The emergency department (ED) is the first location where suicide attempters are brought. This study investigated the factors associated with early hospitalization decisions to determine the criteria for patient hospitalization rather than psychiatric ward admission and identify measures to shorten ED length of stay (LOS). Methods This study included suicide attempters (age ≥19 years) who visited the EDs at two tertiary teaching hospitals between March 2017 and April 2020. Results A total of 414 in the hospitalization and 1,346 in the discharge groups patients were included. The mean age was 50.3 ± 20.0 years and 40.7 ± 17.0 years in the hospitalization and discharge groups (p <0.001). The mean ED LOS was 4.2 ± 12.3 and 11.4 ± 18.8 h in the hospitalization and discharge groups, respectively. In the hospitalization group, the odds ratio and confidence interval for age (1.017, 1.008–1.026), sex (male) (1.787, 1.127–2.515), consciousness (2.330, 1.653–3.266), and the Risk-Rescue Ratio Scale (RRRS) (1.273, 1.242–1.304) were calculated. A receiver operating characteristics analysis of RRRS for the decision to hospitalize suicide attempters showed a cut-off value of 42, with sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of 85.7%, 85.5%, and 0.924, respectively.Conclusion For suicidal attempters in the ED, the decision on medical hospitalization rather than psychiatric admission should be based on their level of consciousness and the RRRS to reduce ED LOS and crowding.
MiR-142-3p May Be Involved in the Development of&nbsp;Solitary and Multiple Uterine Leiomyomasby Interacting with CTNNB1 and AXIN-2 Through Wnt Signaling Pathway
Authors: xue Luqi , Yang E , Gou Jinhai , Nie Dan , Yi Tao , Min Wenjiao , Li Zhengyu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The pathogenesis and clinical behaviors between solitary uterine leiomyoma (SUL) and multiple uterine leiomyomas (MUL) vary, which lead to the difference in management for childbearing-aged patients. Herein, we aim to find the potential miRNAs involved in the development of SUL and MUL.
Results

The top 5 differentially expressed miRNAs, Wnt signalling pathway and its two central molecules APC and CTNNB1 were screened out according to microarray analysis and bioinformatics. MiR-142-3p was selected for further exploration. In validation of qRT-PCR, MiR-142-3p was significantly upregulated in SUL, while downregulated in MUL, CTNNB1 and sequencing target AXIN-2 were expressed at higher level in MUL than SUL. Overexpression of MiR-142-3p resulted in lower transcription level of CTNNB1 and AXIN-2, and lower cell proliferation level.
Conclusions

MiR-142-3p may be involved in the development of SUL and MUL by interacting with CTNNB1 and AXIN-2 through Wnt signaling pathway. MiR-142-3p could serve as a potential biomarker for individualized treatment between SUL and MUL in the future.
Complexity continuum within Ising formulation of NP problems
Authors: Kalinin Kirill , Berloff Natalia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A promising approach to achieve computational supremacy over the classical von Neumann architecture explores classical and quantum hardware as Ising machines. The minimisation of the Ising Hamiltonian is known to be NP-hard problem for certain interaction matrix classes, yet not all problem instances are equivalently hard to optimise. We propose to identify computationally simple instances with an `optimisation simplicity criterion'. Such optimisation simplicity can be found for a wide range of models from spin glasses to k-regular maximum cut problems. Many optical, photonic, and electronic systems are neuromorphic architectures that can naturally operate to optimise problems satisfying this criterion and, therefore, such problems are often chosen to illustrate the computational advantages of new Ising machines. We further probe an intermediate complexity for sparse and dense models by analysing circulant coupling matrices, that can be `rewired' to introduce greater complexity. A compelling approach for distinguishing easy and hard instances within the same NP-hard class of problems can be a starting point in developing a standardised procedure for the performance evaluation of emerging physical simulators and physics-inspired algorithms.
Research on the Cutoff Tumor Size of Omitting Radiotherapy after Breast Conserving Therapy in Women Aged 65 Years or Oder with Low-risk Invasive Breast Carcinoma: Results Based on the SEER Database
Authors: Yang Zejian , Li Kunlong , Wang Bin , Yan Yu , Feng Chen , Ren Yu , Meng Du , Li Yijun , Ma Yifei , Qiu Pei , Li Pingping , Zhou Can 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Radiotherapy (RT) after breast-conserving therapy (BCT) is not always necessary in older women staged T1N0M0 with low-risk invasive breast cancer, but few studies have concluded the detailed tumor size as a reference for avoiding RT. We aimed to explore and identify the cutoff tumor size for patients aged 65 or older with T1N0M0 stage and estrogen receptor positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2-) breast cancer after BCT.
Methods

The study population was from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database in 2010 to 2016. Prognostic predictors associated with surgery were used by Kaplan–Meier analysis, X-tile analysis, competing risk model, Fine and Gray multivariable regression model, and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.
Results

A total of 52049 women and 3846 deaths were included in the unmatched cohort, of which 11.93% (459/3846) were breast cancer-specific death (BCSD), and 88.07% (3387/3846) were other cause-specific death (OCSD), with a median follow-up of 34 months. Based on the cutoff value of 14 mm determined by X-tile analysis, the study population were divided into small tumor group (tumor ≤ 14 mm in diameter) and large tumor group (tumor ≥ 15 mm in diameter). Subjects in small tumor group and large tumor with RT (large tumor & RT) subgroup tended to have significantly lower cumulative BCSD (Gray’s test, P < 0.001) and OCSD (Gray’s test, P < 0.001) than those in large tumor with no RT (large tumor & non-RT) subgroup, regardless of before or after PSM analysis. In competing risk regression mode analysis, patients in the large tumor group had worse prognosis in BCSD (HR: 2.091, 95% CI 1.730–2.527, P < 0.001) than the small tumor group, even after the application of PSM (HR: 2.024, 95% CI 1.587–2.583, P < 0.001).
Conclusion

Our study demonstrated that small tumors (tumor ≤ 14 mm in diameter) were associated with better overall survival (OS), BCSD and OCSD, and radiotherapy might be omitted for patients aged 65 or older with T1N0M0 stage, ER + and HER2- small breast tumors after BCT.
A Randomized clinical trial of antioxidant therapy in patients with septic shock. Reference study to propose adjuvant therapy in patients with critical organic damage by COVID-19
Authors: Aisa-Alvarez Alfredo , Perez-Torres Israel , Camarena-Alejo Gilberto , Franco-Granillo Juvenal , Martínez-Rodríguez Enrique , Gamboa Ricardo , Guarner-Lans Veronica , Soto MariaElena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress (OS) participates in the pathophysiology of patients with septic shock having multiple organ failure (MOF), ischemia-reperfusion injury and acute respiratory failure syndrome (ARDS). Antioxidants have been proposed in their therapy.Objective: To evaluate the effect of antioxidant treatment in patients with septic shock with MOF and levels OS after treatment.Research question: Will the administration of specific antioxidant therapy decrease deregulatory factors of oxidative stress and organ failure in patients with septic shock?Study design and Methods: Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial run in 2 ICU in Mexico City between May 2018 and January 2020. The random allocation sequence was generated using computer methods. Patients older than 18 years of either sex, with septic shock were included, were excluded when informed consent could not be obtained, they received chronic or recent use of steroids, statins, or antioxidants or if they had contraindications to the use of antioxidants. All antioxidants were administered by mouth or nasogastric tube during 5 days and were added to standard.Results: 97 patients were included with median age of 66 years. 20 were treated with MT and 18 with Vit C and they showed post-treatment decreased SOFA scores [p=0.007 and p<0.001 respectively]. Also, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was improved by NAC. All patients had decreased basal levels of Vit C and patients that received Vit C had decreased levels of the NO3−/NO2− (p=0.02) and RCP levels [p=0.045]. Procalcitonin (PCT) levels were reduced by Vit E, [p=0.047], NAC; [p=0.001] and MT [p=0.045]. LPO was reduced in patients that received MT p=0.042 Conclusion: In septic shock, antioxidant therapy associated with standard intensive care unit therapy reduces MOF, the oxidative and inflammatory state. These results could be a reference to use adjuvant antioxidant therapy in patients with septic shock in COVID19.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT 03557229
A SWATH-MS analysis of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome peripheral blood mononuclear cell proteomes reveals mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Sweetman Eiren , Kleffmann Torsten , Edgar Christina , de Lange Michel , Vallings Rosamund , Tate Warren 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a serious and complex physical illness that affects all body systems with a multiplicity of symptoms, but key hallmarks of the disease are pervasive fatigue and ‘post-exertional malaise’, exacerbation after physical and/or mental activity of the intrinsic fatigue and other symptoms that can be highly debilitating and last from days to months. Although the disease can vary widely between individuals, common symptoms also include pain, cognitive deficits, sleep dysfunction, as well as immune, neurological and autonomic symptoms. Typically, it is a very isolating illness socially, carrying a stigma because of the lack of understanding of the cause and pathophysiology.Methods: To gain insight into the pathophysiology of ME/CFS, we examined the proteomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by SWATH-MS analysis in a small well-characterised group of patients and matched controls. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to stratify groups based on protein abundance patterns, which clearly segregated the majority of the ME/CFS patients (9/11) from the controls. This majority subgroup of ME/CFS patients was then further compared to the control group. Results: A total of 60 proteins in the ME/CFS patients were differentially expressed (P < 0.01, Log10 (Fold Change) > 0.2 and < -0.2). Comparison of the PCA selected subgroup of ME/CFS patients (9/11) with controls increased the number of proteins differentially expressed to 99. Of particular relevance to the core symptoms of fatigue and post-exertional malaise experienced in ME/CFS, a proportion of the identified proteins in the ME/CFS groups were involved in mitochondrial function, oxidative phosphorylation, electron transport chain complexes, and redox regulation. A significant number were also involved in previously implicated disturbances in ME/CFS, such as the immune inflammatory response, DNA methylation, apoptosis and proteasome activation. Conclusions: The results from this study support a model of deficient ATP production in ME/CFS, compensated for by upregulation of immediate pathways upstream of Complex V that would suggest an elevation of oxidative stress. This study and others have found evidence of a distinct pathology in ME/CFS that holds promise for developing diagnostic biomarkers.
Prevalence of Incretin-mimetic and Sodium-Glucose-Transporter-2-Inhibitor Therapy in Hospitalized Type-2-Diabetics following Myocardial Revascularization: an Observational Study
Authors: Pliquett Rainer U. , Golle Linda , Wienke Andreas , Girndt Matthias 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:
We hypothesized that the recommended incretin-mimetic therapy associates with a better outcome (1-year mortality after discharge, rehospitalizations within 12 months) and with less hypoglycemic events in type − 2 diabetics following myocardial revascularization.
Methods:
Hospitalized type-2 diabetics of the Departments of Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery (University Hospital Halle), who had percutaneous coronary intervention (29.4%) or coronary artery bypass graft (70.6%) in 2016, were included in this observational study: Group 1 (incretin-mimetic therapy), Group 2 (insulin therapy without incretin mimetics) or Group 3 (oral diabetes medication without incretins or insulin). They were asked to mail in a questionnaire on medical therapy, number of hypoglycemic episodes and rehospitalizations 2 years following discharge. In non-responders, the vital status was obtained by local registries 2.4 years after discharge.
Results:
204 patients were recruited in this prospective observational study. At discharge, only 3.9% of all type-2 diabetics had an incretin mimetic, 39.7% were on insulin, and 56.4% on oral medication. In all patient groups together, the prevalence of incretin-mimetic therapy did not change (3.9% at discharge, 2.9% at follow-up). The prevalence of sodium glucose transporter-2–inhibitor therapy slightly increased from 6.8% at discharge to 9.2% at follow-up. However, 85 out of 173 patients (49.1%) did not provide follow-up questionnaires. In hospital mortality (Group 1: 0%, Group 2: 0%, Group 3: 5.2%; p = 0.092), 1-year mortality after discharge ( Group 1: 12.5%, Group 2: 13.6%, Group 3: 11.9%; p = 0.944), and number of rehospitalizations within 12 months after discharge (Group 1: 1.0 per capita, Group 2: 1.0, Group 3: 1.1; p = 0.697) were similar among groups. Hypoglycemic events 6 months prior to follow-up were highest in Group 2 (0.9 ± 2.3) in comparison to Group 1 (0 ± 0) and Group 3 (0.1 ± 0.3; p = 0.017).
Conclusion:
Even after adjusting for surviving patients not sending back questionnaires, the adherence to the recommendations regarding incretin-mimetic and sodium-glucose transporter-2–inhibitor therapy was poor. With the limitation of a low patient number, both 1-year mortality after discharge and rehospitalizations were similar among groups. Self-reported hypoglycemic events occurred more often in insulin-treated diabetics than in the ones without.
Characterization of the Gut DNA and RNA Viromes in A Cohort of Chinese Residents and Visiting Pakistanis
Authors: Yan Qiulong , Wang Yu , Chen Xiuli , Jin Hao , Wang Guangyang , Guan Kuiqing , Zhang Yue , Zhang Pan , Ayaz Taj , Liang Yanshan , Wang Junyi , Cui Guangyi , Sun Yuanyuan , Xiao Manchun , Kang Jian , Zhang Wei , Zhang Aiqin , Li Peng , Liu Xueyang , Ma Yufang , Li Shenghui , Ma Tonghui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Trillions of viruses inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Some of them have been well-studied on their roles in infection and human health, but the majority remain unsurveyed. It has been established that the composition of the gut virome is highly variable based on the changes of diet, physical state, and environmental factors. However, the effect of host genetic factors, e.g. ethnic origin, on the gut virome is rarely investigated. Results: Here, we characterized and compared the gut virome in a cohort of local Chinese residents and visiting Pakistani individuals, each group containing 24 healthy adults and 6 children. Using metagenomic shotgun sequencing and assembly of fecal samples, a huge number of viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) were identified for profiling the DNA and RNA viromes. National background contributed a primary variation to individuals’ gut virome. Compared with the Chinese adults, the Pakistan adults showed higher macrodiversity and different compositional and functional structures in their DNA virome and lower diversity and altered composition in their RNA virome. The virome variations of Pakistan children were inherited from the that of the adults but also tended to share similar characteristics with the Chinese cohort. We also analyzed and compared the bacterial microbiome between two cohorts and further revealed numerous connections between virus and bacterial host. Statistically, the gut DNA and RNA viromes were covariant to some extent (p<0.001), and they both influenced the holistic bacterial composition and vice versa.Conclusions: we systematically described the baseline gut virome in a well-characterized cohort of Chinese and visiting Pakistanis and demonstrated that the national background contributed a primary variation to gut virome. The mechanisms underlying the difference between two cohorts remain unclear, but the ethnic factor must be proposed and considered in designing future studies of the virome.
Nomogram for predicting the overall survival of cervical cancer patients with nonsurgical treatment
Authors: Ji Xiaoyu , Song Kejuan , Lv Teng , Diao Yuchao , Xia Nannan , Yao Qin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Surgery is an important treatment for cervical cancer, but some patients choose not to operate on the primary site. The purpose of this study was to establish nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) in nonsurgical cervical cancer on the primary site(NSCC) patients by using cases in the public database.Methods: All patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 were randomly divided into training (n=4283) or validation (n=1832) cohort. Cox regression analysis was used on the training cohort to select independent prognostic factors to construct nomogram for predicting 3- and 5-year OS. In two cohorts, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the accuracy and the reliability of the model. We made a risk stratification system based on the model and performed Kaplan-Meier survival analysis on the risk level.Results: In the training set, ten clinicopathological factors were significantly correlated with survival outcomes and were included in the nomogram. In the training cohort and validation cohort, the C-index, ROC and calibration plots exhibited an excellent consistency between actual OS and model predictions. DCA indicated great clinical benefit. Compared with FIGO staging, nomogram's evaluation effect is superior.Conclusions: Age, histological type, grade, tumor size, extension, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, lymph node removed, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for OS in NSCC patients. The model showed more satisfactory accuracy and clinical practicability than FIGO staging system, and may provide integration and improvement for therapeutic decisions.