bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Diagnostic and Prognostic Values of CD200 and CD43 in CLL and Leukemic Phase of NHL
Authors: Al-Khafaji Teeb M. Jaafar , Rashid Ahmed Ibraheem 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs), such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), are comprised heterogeneous malignant hematopoietic clinicopathologic syndromes with broad clinical features. Molecular diagnostic procedures such as immunophenotyping and cytogenetics have improved the accuracy of diagnosis in recent years. While CLL and NHL were previously indistinguishable based on clinical or immunophenotypic parameters, new biomarkers such as CD200 and CD43 have facilitated separation from one another allowing for prognostication in these hematological disorders.

AIM OF STUDY:
To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of CD200 and CD43 expression in CLL and the leukemic phase of NHL.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
The patients studied were 145 who have chronic lymphoproliferative disorders that attended the Baghdad Teaching Hospital at Medical City from (January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020; they were divided into CLL and NHL groups observed in this cross-sectional study. CD200 and CD43 were assessed as baseline. Clinical and laboratory results were collected, combining CLL staging with the Ann Arbor method and NHL staging with the modified Rai system, respectively.

RESULTS:
CD200 and CD43 were found to have a significant correlation in distinguishing between CLL and NHL. Most CD200-positive patients have moderate to extreme levels of CLL expression, whereas NHL patients generally have dim- or moderate-positive expression patterns. CD43 expression is also dim to moderate in most cases in CLL and few NHL cases.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study shows CD200 and CD43 useful in distinguishing CLL from NHL in leukemic phase. These two markers have the highest co-expression in CLL relative to NHL, which suggests their combination might significantly improve diagnostic power.
Evaluating the Impact of Lenalidomide on Bone Marrow Cancer Treatment: Monitoring White Blood Cell, Hemoglobin, and Platelet Levels
Authors: Hussein Hiba Jumaa , Nazar Lara Ali , Ghazi Hamsa Ghwamer 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Lenalidomide (LEN), also known as Revlimid, is a drug used to treat multiple myeloma (MM), smoldering myeloma, and myelodysplastic syndromes. It is used as a first-line treatment for MM, along with dexamethasone.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effects of LEN on the function of bone marrow (BM) by monitoring the changes in the number of white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin levels, and platelet counts in people who were getting treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Includes 90 blood samples from 30 cancer patients before treatment and 30 cancer patients after treatment and 30 healthy individuals aged 60–75 years and is conducted at City Medical Hospital. The blood samples are analyzed to detect Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) by using an ESR fast detector, and detect WBC, red blood cell, and platelets by Mindray CBC-21S. Tests are performed weekly initially, and then biweekly or monthly, taking into account ethical issues such as obtaining consent and criteria for adjusting treatment based on side effects or changes in blood counts.

RESULTS:
The findings revealed a notable change in the amount of WBCs at the start of the study. These cells significantly decreased and then level off a few months after treatment (2–5) months. Before and after medication, the levels of hemoglobin were changing. The results also showed that the number of platelets in some cases dropped by a large amount.

CONCLUSION:
Adding LEN could help patients with BM cancer since it reduces microvascularization and most likely increases the particular T cell-driven anti-leukemic response.
Enhancing Venous Thromboembolism Risk Prediction through Novel Biomarkers and Inflammatory Indicators
Authors: Al-Maaroof Zainab Wahab 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, is a common disease and considerable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially among hospitalized or postoperative patients. However, the prediction accuracy calculated with the help of traditional methods (including Wells score and D-dimer tests) is not so ideal to predict this risk of disease; therefore, novel biomarkers need to be explored. This study aims to evaluate the potential of new biomarkers, such as thrombin generation, microRNAs (miRNAs), Factor VIII, and inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), to enhance the prediction of VTE risk, thereby facilitating earlier and more precise interventions.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
A case–control study in care hospital enrolled 500 participants, including 250 with confirmed VTE and 250 controls without complications. Participants aged 18 years or older who had not received anticoagulant treatment before the start of the trial exclusion criterion included current infection, pregnancy, and hematological disorders. Plasma was collected for biomarker analysis in the following: D-dimer, thrombin generation, factor VIII levels, and inflammatory markers using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (CRP/IL-6/miRNAs), CAT, and real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS:
The current study revealed that D-dimer levels were much higher in VTE patients compared with controls while Thrombin generation time decreased in VTE patients, miRNAs miR-145 and miR-223 are highly expressed in those patients. Factor VIII and inflammatory markers were significantly elevated in patients compared with the control group.

CONCLUSION:
The study highlights the importance of novel biomarkers such as thrombin generation time, factor VIII levels, circulating miRNAs, and inflammatory markers in assessing VTE risk. These biomarkers may be able to identify people at a greater risk, which could lead to more personalized medical interventions for high-risk populations. The finding underlines the importance of integrating these biomarkers into clinical guidelines for risk prediction and prevention compared to patients without these conditions.
Mixed-phenotype Acute Leukemia with Trilineage Differentiation in a 3-year-old Child
Authors: Mardewi I Gusti Ayu , Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi , Wande I Nyoman , Mahartini Ni Nyoman 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) is characterized by the expression of markers from multiple hematopoietic lineages, including myeloid, B-cell, and T-cell origins. This case report describes a 3-year, 8-month-old girl who presented with swelling in both eyes, initially accompanied by lumps on the neck and a fever that subsided with antipyretics. After the neck lumps resolved, eye swelling began in the right eye and later progressed to the left eye. Bone marrow aspiration confirmed the presence of mixed-lineage leukemia, revealing myeloblasts with Auer rod, monoblast, and lymphoblast. Leukemia phenotyping identified a mixed lineage involving myeloid, B-cell, and T-cell markers, supporting the diagnosis of MPAL. The patient was treated according to the acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction therapy protocol with vincristine and daunorubicin, and fluid hydration and allopurinol were taken to prevent tumor lysis syndrome. This case highlights the diagnostic complexity and need for a comprehensive treatment approach in managing MPAL.
A Rare Case of Superior Mesenteric Artery Thrombosis in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Singh Jasminder , Yadav Kusum , Kaushik Ankush , Babu Irshad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) thrombosis is a life-threatening illness which results in bowel ischemia due to compromised blood supply to small bowel along with proximal colon. A 60-year-old male presented with symptoms of dull aching diffuse type of abdominal pain associated with vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. His clinical examination was unremarkable. His hemoglobin levels were low with markedly raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate and alkaline phosphatase levels. On diagnostic evaluation, he was found to have multiple myeloma with SMA thrombosis associated with bowel ischemia and sepsis. This case report emphasizes the importance to rule out the possibility of plasma cell dyscrasias in elderly patients presenting with clinical features of mesenteric artery thrombosis.
Association between microRNA 92a-3p and GATA3 Levels in Packed Red Blood Unit with Storage Time in Blood Banks
Authors: Obeidat Nour , Fararjeh Abdulfattah , Al-Sanabrah Ola 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
The concentration of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are the negative regulators of cellular mRNAs, is higher in mature red blood cells (RBCs) than in other blood cell types. Age-related storage abnormalities are more prevalent in human-packed RBCs (PRBCs) but less is known about how miRNAs affect inflammation in humans after transfusion.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Four different blood bags containing the blood of four healthy donors were used to collect samples. Total ribonucleic acid (RNA) was isolated from the units at 0, 14, 21, and 28 days following storage. The expression of GATA3 was assessed using the Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). To find the expression of miRNAs, the Illumina platform employed RNA sequencing (RNA seq).

RESULTS:
Most of the miRNAs were downregulated with storage time, however, miRNA 92a-3p was shown to be one of the most upregulated miRNAs after 28 days and downregulated at days 14 and 21 of storage. The level of GATA3 expression was increased on days 14 and 21 of storage and decreased on day 28 of storage. The results presented suggest that miRNA 92a-3p may control GATA3 expression in PRBCs kept in blood banks, which could, therefore, trigger an adverse immunological reaction.

CONCLUSION:
Overall, we found that there is an association between GATA3 level and miRNA 92a-3p in PRBCs which could demonstrate that GATA3 is a potential target of miR-92a-3p.
Nonsurgical Approaches for Managing Hypersplenism in Thalassemia
Authors: Almohammadi Abdullah Talal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Hypersplenism is a common manifestation of transfusion-dependent thalassemia. It results from extramedullary hematopoiesis and ineffective erythropoiesis. The end result of massive splenomegaly and chronic pancytopenia requiring transfusion debilitates the patient and implies a huge burden on the medical system. Classically, splenectomy has been the favorable approach, but the newer pharmacological approaches reversing the pathology or the minimally invasive radiological procedure can push splenectomy as the last resort and ultimately save the patients from the morbidity associated with splenectomy.
The Study of Mono- and Polysubstance Abuse Effects on Complete Blood Count Parameters in Samples of Iraqi Patients
Authors: Gatea Athmar Kadhim , Hussien Kareem Nasir , Al-Jabory Mohammed Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Substance abuse represents a major health problem worldwide. In Iraq, the number of substance abusers increased, both single and polysubstance, alcohol and medications. Abuse of these substances is associated with changes in different blood parameters secondary to their direct immune, inflammatory, toxic and stressor effects on hematopoiesis, and indirect effect on liver and kidneys. These changes involve total white blood cell (WBC) count, especially lymphocyte count and their ratio to neutrophil count and platelet (PLT), in addition to their effect on red blood cell (RBC) and PLT parameters, and pancytopenia.

OBJECTIVES:
We evaluated the effect of substance abuse on the complete blood count (CBC) parameters.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This study was performed over 6 months on 114 participants; 57 of them were substance abusers and 57 were healthy people from Al-Sadiq Teaching Hospital/Psychiatry Department. A questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data related to substance including type, number and duration of abuse. In addition a blood sample was collected from the participants for CBC assessment.

RESULTS:
There is a significant difference between substance abusers and healthy people in WBC parameters only in lymphocyte count (P = 0.004) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.03). In RBC parameters, RBC count (P = 0.005), mean corpuscular volume (P = 0.008), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (P = 0.04), and red cell distribution width-standard deviation (P = <0.0001). In PLT parameters, PLT count (P = 0.007), mean PLT count (P = <0.0001), PLT-large cell ratio (P = <0.0001), and PLT/lymphocyte ratio (P = 0.0006). For the duration of substance abuse as well as the number of substance abuse, the only significant change in the CBC was involving the lymphocyte count (P = 0.04).

CONCLUSION:
Polysubstance misuse is widespread in samples taken and has a significant effect on different hematological parameters. This finding is correlated with different studies worldwide increasing the need for attention payment in the follow-up and management of drug addicts.
Venetoclax and Azacitidine Combination is an Effective Salvage Regimen for Fit Patients with IDH-2-mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia Refractory to Conventional Induction Chemotherapy
Authors: Alzahrani Musa Fares 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) constitutes a heterogeneous group of clonal myeloid neoplasms that is associated with a large number of recurrent genetic abnormalities. Mutations in IDH2 gene can be found in nearly 10% of newly diagnosed AML patients. The impact of IDH2 mutations on prognosis in the absence of other genetic abnormalities remains to be unclear in fit patients although recently believed to be favorable in less fit patients receiving less intensive therapy. Enasidenib, which is an IDH2 inhibitor, was recently developed, but it is currently not widely available and it is only approved in the relapsed or refractory setting. Moreover, fit patients with AML who fail to respond to conventional induction chemotherapy represent a high-risk group in whom the only potential cure is allogeneic stem cell transplantation (AlloSCT), which is ideally performed after achievement of complete remission following treatment with a salvage regimen. Previous studies have shown efficacy of venetoclax combination with azacitidine (VenAza) in newly diagnosed unfit patients. It is still unknown if VenAza is an effective salvage regimen for fit IDH2-mutated AML patients who fail to respond to traditional chemotherapy. Here, we report two cases with IDH2-mutated AML, both of whom salvaged successfully with VenAza, which allowed bridging to the definitive treatment of AlloSCT.
Complex Dynamics of the School Governing Body in Using an Integrated Management Approach to Maintain Discipline among Learners
Authors: Khanyile Hlengiwe Goodness , Mpuangnan Kofi Nkonkonya 
Published: December 2024

The introduction of the South African Schools Act 84 of 1996 (SASA) brought about a participatory decision-making approach to school governance and professional management. This approach established school governing bodies (SGBs) and significantly influenced their roles and functions. As a result of this shift, the principal is no longer the sole decision-maker in the school. The principal's role in school management and governance has shifted to focus on being the key figure most influenced by the participatory decision-making process and the primary implementer of School Governing Body (SGB) policies. This study explored the experiences of SGBs in using an integrated management approach to undertake their role in maintaining discipline in high schools in the context of multiple deprivations. This research employed a qualitative approach, using interviews and document analysis to collect data from a targeted group of participants, including two teachers, four SGB members who are also parents, and two student leaders. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis, with the findings organized into relevant themes. The findings highlight key factors contributing to disciplinary challenges among learners in schools, including the absence of positive role models in the community, inadequate training for individuals managing disciplinary issues, unstable societal behaviours, dysfunctional family dynamics, and minimal parental involvement in their children's education. It was recommended that integrated management seminars be organized to educate all stakeholders on their roles in addressing learner discipline. Additionally, programs should be implemented to enhance parental involvement in schools. Furthermore, schools should collaborate with the community to address poverty effectively.
Factors Affecting Organic Farming Cultivation and Their Role in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
Authors: Verma Anuj , Verma Meenakshi , Raj Prathibha , Krishnan Muthu Gopala , Pillai Rajani , K. A. Dhanya 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The paper aims to explore the factors which influence the organic farming cultivation in India and how they lead towards attainment of SDG.

Theoretical Framework: This paper has adopted Theory of Planned Behavior to identify the factors which influence the organic farming and define their relationship with SDG.

Method: The paper attempts to explore the factors which influence the organic farming intention among the farmers. It further explores the relationship between intention for organic farming and adoption of organic farming. The data was captured through detailed questionnaire which was captured through 347 respondents. The data analysis was performed with the help of SPSS 29 and AMOS 29 The mediating role of motivation was also explored using process Macro 4.2.

Results & Discussions: The findings revealed that environment and cost influence the organic farming intention while attitude and perception had no effect on organic farming intention. Adoption of organic farming shared a positive relationship with organic farming intention The Cultivation of organic products lead to attainment of following goals No Poverty (SDG 1), zero Hunger (SDG2), Good Health and Well Being (SDG3) and Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12).

Research Implications: The study reveals that there is a need to raise the awareness level among the farmers regarding the role of organic farming, its environmental impacts and health benefits associated with it. The findings underscore the importance of implementing additional training and awareness programs targeted at novice and less-experienced farmers. Such initiatives aim to familiarize them with diverse aspects of marketing, economics, and social factors associated with organic farming.
Cultural Parenting Based on Religion and Culture In Indonesia from an SDG Perspective: A Literature Review
Authors: Bunga Beatriks Novianti , Nawangsari Nur Ainy Fardana , Chusairi Achmad 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Parenting is influenced by the context in which parents live and grow up.

Objective: This paper explores the Indonesian context and its impact on Indonesian parents’ parenting values and behaviour, focusing on how these practices align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Method: This article uses a systematic literature review. Eight hundred ten articles were gathered from the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SAGE databases. The PRISMA-ScR protocol was used as a guide and submitted to OSF. Eight articles were included in this review based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results and Discussion: Eight articles were included in this review based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results were grouped into three categories: 1) cultural context in Indonesia was similar to religion and cultural context; 2) cultural-religion parenting values and beliefs as a control; and 3) authoritarian parenting behaviour as expected in Indonesia.

Research Implications: Future research should use variation keywords to gather data about Indonesia's context, explore more cultural values and beliefs in Indonesia, and research more about Indonesia's parenting behaviour characteristics. By highlighting these areas, this research aligns with the SDGs by promoting inclusive, culturally sensitive education, supporting social equality, and fostering values that contribute to peaceful and cohesive communities in Indonesia.
Hà Hương Phong Nguyệt by le Hoang Muu: The First Urban Novel and Women's Liberation In Vietnam in the Early 20th Century
Authors: Linh Truong Thi , Hong Nguyen Thi 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: This study aims to affirm the role and position of Hà Hương phong nguyệt (Le Hoang Muu) as a pioneering work in opening up urban literature and women's liberation in South Vietnam in the early 20th century.

Theoretical Framework: The study uses ecocritical theory in the sustainable development of the urban environment, and feminist theory in research to liberate the duties and responsibilities of women in traditional Eastern patriarchal society. From there, the study offers an innovative direction to promote critical thinking and achieve gender equality (SDG 5) and Reduced inequalities (SDG 10).

Methods: The article uses statistical techniques to classify the main aspects of urban issues and women's liberation expressed in the novel. The meta-analysis method helps in in-depth research.

Results and Discussion: (1) This study affirms the important role and position of women in society; (2) shows that urbanization has significantly affected people's morality, personality, and lifestyle; (3) applying new literary criticism theories in the study of literary works of the past is a meaningful task.

Research Implications: The article adds a research direction to provide theoretically based comments and evidence to re-evaluate the role and position of Le Hoang Muu's Hà Hương phong nguyệt in modernizing Vietnamese literature.

Originality/Value: By addressing the intersection between urbanity and women's liberation in the study of Hà Hương phong nguyệt, this study contributes to the discourse promoting gender equality in the current multinational cultural context and enhancing the quality of life in the modern urban environment.