bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Al-Arabiyyah Sahlah” Sebagai Label Perspektif Baru Dalam Menyongsong Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Di Era New Normal
Authors: Islami Ayu Nur 
Published: January 2021

This research was conducted by disseminating questionnaires and concluded that 23 out of 36 people assumed Arabic was difficult. This is what is behind the writing of this article. Kalam Allah and Rasulullah Arabic-speaking Apostles have been absolutely a guide to life, so muslims should try to learn it. If psychologically only Arabic is considered difficult, then it will be a inhibition of concern for many people to learn it. The purpose of this article was to renew the sensitivity of Arabic which could later become the main capital to mobilize interest and motivation for learners. In addition, methodological renewal is no less important, where the techniques and teaching methods of educators must be completely improved. Senior educators, students, even arabic language institutions must equip themselves with the right teaching competencies. Even this new normal era becomes both an opportunity and a challenge to fix it all. So there needs to be a deeper discussion to make it easier for the Al-Arabiyyah Sahlah (Arabic to be easy) to learn, as the Divine Kalam promises "And indeed, we have made it easy for the Qur'an to be warned, so will anyone take a lesson?"Keyword : Al-Arabiyyah Sahlah, Perspective, Learning.
Gerakan Sosial Masyarakat Tegal Binangun Kabupaten Banyuasin Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Putra Akta Dwi , Norhuda Norhuda , Chandra Ryllian 
Published: January 2021

The title of this research is "Tegal Binangun Community Social Movement Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province". This movement is in order to maintain their administrative status from the demands of recognition of the Banyuasin District Government based on Law Number 23 of 1988 concerning Changes to the Regional Levels of the Palembang Second Level Region, Musi Banyuasin District Level II District and Ogan Komering Ilir Level II District. The purpose of this study was to determine the dynamics and patterns used by the community movement so that the demands and resistance of the Tegal Binangun community were realized by the Government of the Province of South Sumatra and Banyuasin District. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a case study approach with stages, namely interviews, observation, and documentation. Meanwhile, the source of this research is primary data sources. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that, this movement carried out resistance against the Banyuasin District Government, ranging from peaceful actions to delivering letters to the DPRD of South Sumatra Province, the Governor of South Sumatra, the President, the DPR-RI, the Minister of Youth and Sports, the Minister of Home Affairs, and Mayor of Palembang. The researcher uses the theory from Sidney Tarrow that is in line with this conflict that a group of people or ordinary citizens who join and form an alliance with figures or groups that have a large influence in a country, groups or the like move together to make a fight against the holders of power or the political elite if what is considered to be a policy is not in accordance with what is desired. Until now, when the Banyuasin District Government put pressure on the community, immediately the Tegal Binangun community took the fight. This conflict has not found a solution because it is still being resolved by the Government of South Sumatra Province. In this study it was found that the social movement of the Tegal Binangun community was formed to carry out resistance to the Banyuasin District Government's unilateral recognition of the Tegal Binangun area.
Pengaruh Money Politics Terhadap Pilihan Masyarakat Pada Pilkades Serentak di Kabupaten Muara Enim Tahun 2017 (Studi Kasus di Desa Teluk Limau Kecamatan Gelumbang)
Authors: Kazali Revi , Rochmiatun Endang , Adytyas Nico Oktario 
Published: January 2021

The paper is “Titled the effect of money politics on community choice in the simultaneous Pilkades in Muara Enim distric in 2017 ( Case studi in the village of Teluk Limau, Gelumbang district)”. The purpose of this studi was to identify or find out how the influence of money politics on people’s choices in the 2017 Pilkades and identify or find out what faktors influence people’s choices in the 2017 Pilkades with the existence of money politics. The type of date used in this study is quantitative research. The location of this research is in the village of Teluk Limau, Gelumbang district, Muara Enim regency, south Sumatra province. And purely this research is the local community. To obtain date obtained numbered 1382 according to the permanent voter of samples was 93 respondents. To collecy date obtained is descriptive statiscal analyis.
Theory in this study there are two theories used, namely the theory of Patronase and Klientelisme. There are five kinds of Patronase theory namely, Vote Buying, Individual Gifs, Services and Activities, Club Goods, Pork Barrel Projects. Whereas Klientelisme theories are of three kinds, namely the successs team, the social networking engine and political parties. In this study it was elections is very big influence on people’s voting behavior. In the 2017 Pilkades, the people of the village of Teluk Limau on average most of their voting behavior changes when they receive money politics. The faktors that influence the voting behavior of the Teluk Limau village in the 2017 elections are that people the and to choose the reasons because of economic faktors that have changed their choices after receiving money politics.
Sikap Politik Masyarakat Muslim Kecamatan Ilir Timur II Kota Palembang dalam Pileg Tahun 2019
Authors: Arief Ahmad Syafi'i 
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Sikap Politik Masyarakat Muslim di Kecamatan Ilir Timur II Dalam Pemilihan Umum Legislatif Kota Palembang Tahun 2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat muslim di Kecamatan Ilir Timur II Kota Palembang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah simple random sampling sebanyak 100 masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan alat ukur skala likert. Keseluruhan perhitungan statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan bantuan komputer program SPSS versi 20.00 for windows. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa komponen sikap politik terdiri dari komponen kognitif, afektif, evaluatif, Komponen kognitif ialah yang menyangkut pengetahuan masyarakat muslim tentang politik dan kepercayaan pada politik, peranan nya. komponen afektif masyarakat muslim di Kecamatan Ilir Timur II adalah dengan melihat perasaan masyarakat muslim terhadap dirinya sebagai pemilih, sikap terhadap kadidat calon anggota legislatif, sikap terhadap partai pengusung, penilaian terhadap penyelengara. komponen evaluatif adalah keputusan dan pendapat tentang objek-objek politikyang secara tipikal melihatkan kombinasi standar nilai dan kriteria dengan informasi dan perasaan.
Transformation of Radicalism Discourse into Extremist Violence (Analysis of News on the Handling of Radical Movements in Indonesia)
Authors: Panjaitan Sunardi Nardi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article explains how the transformation of the discourse of radicalism into extremist violence in media coverage. Radical movements tend to be interpreted as acts of violence. Not only that, the root of terrorism is caused by radicalism. But the discourse about radicalism continues to develop, the form of radical action or action is also the idea of ​​building an Islamic state. Therefore the state is important to deal with radical movements or radicalism understandings, especially through the media coverage. But in the media coverage, the state labeled Islamic groups as radical grups. The labeling is caused by the government not having an overall idea or concept towards acts of terrorism or radical movements. Proof of radicalism in Indonesia always moves between two pendulum. Action and regulation. When terror and violence occur, the government responds to these events by issuing a number of regulations and discourse several policies in the media. As a result, acts of terror tend to recur, and injustice and discrimination tend to be addressed to certain groups. Therefore, the transformation of radicalism into extremist violence as a response to the discourse on the handling of terrorism in Indonesia with overall concepts and ideas.
Keyword: Radical Movement, Terrorism, media coverage, Extremist Violence
PREDIKSI KREDIT DAN INDEKS MUSIMAN (SEASONAL INDEX) PADA BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Sukarno Hari , Nugroho Ratna Pratiwi , Prasetiyaningtiyas Susanti 
Published: January 2021

This research aims to analyze the credit's predictive value, the development pattern of credit distribution, and the credit fluctuations of 13 Rural Banks in Jember, influenced by seasonal index variables, credit interest, NPL, LDR, ROA, CAR, and operational efficiency ratio. This study used an explanatory research approach. The sample consisted of all Rural Banks' quarterly financial reports in 2014-2019 taken by a purposive sampling method. Data were analyzed using three methods, i.e., double exponential smoothing, moving average ratio, and multiple linear regression analysis methods. Results showed that, according to each data analysis method, ten Rural Banks experienced increased credit distribution. However, the other three Rural Banks experienced a decrease in credit distribution. The study results also indicated an increasing trend in the development pattern of credit distribution. Meanwhile, the NPL and LDR variables partially influenced credit fluctuations.
Keywords: credit prediction, rural bank, seasonal index
Letramento, escravidão e mocambos
Authors: Viana Iamara da Silva , Gomes Flávio dos Santos 
Published: January 2021

Neste ensaio apresentamos um documento inédito revelando a localização de livros e manuscritos num rancho de quilombola. São evocadas questões iniciais a respeito das expectativas de alfabetização, posse de livros entre escravizados e libertos. Horizontes de letramento podiam estar próximos não só de cativos que trabalhavam na casa grande, mas também de senzalas e mocambos. Mesmo nos quilombos, não havia isolamentos sociais que excluíam o acesso as senzalas, as trocas mercantis e a circulação de notícias atlânticas. Diante das questões de ensino da História da África, da escravidão e da pós-emancipação, assim como do reconhecimento dos territórios, culturas ancestrais e implementação de políticas públicas avaliamos as possibilidades de reflexão sobre o passado da escravidão e o presente da educação quilombola.
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Pathogens Hijack Host Cell Metabolism: Intracellular Infection as a Driver of the Warburg Effect in Cancer and Other Chronic Inflammatory Conditions
Authors: Proal Amy D. , VanElzakker Michael B. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Warburg effect refers to a metabolic state in which cells preferentially use aerobic glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP and macromolecules. A number of chronic inflammatory conditions are characterized by host cells that adopt a sustained, pathological Warburg-like metabolism. In cancer, previously healthy cells shift into a Warburg state centered on rapid energy production and increased cell proliferation that drives tumor formation. Macrophage in atherosclerotic plaque and in sarcoidosis granuloma can also harbor a Warburg-like phenotype that promotes an inflammatory milieu. The question of why host cells in patients with cancer and other chronic inflammatory conditions adapt a pathological Warburg-like metabolism is a matter of debate. This review/hypothesis piece explores how intracellular infection can contribute to this Warburg metabolism or related pathological metabolic states. We detail molecular mechanisms by which viral, bacterial, and protozoan intracellular pathogens can induce, or contribute to, a Warburg-like metabolism in infected host cells in order to meet their own replication and nutritional needs. We also discuss how host defense towards infection may impact cellular metabolic changes. We then provide examples of how many of these same intracellular pathogens have been identified in tumors, atherosclerotic lesions, granuloma, and other tissues containing cells with a Warburg or altered metabolism. Last, we examine further trends associated with infection and host cell metabolism, including how pathogen-driven hijacking of host cell lipid metabolism can support viral, bacterial, and parasite survival and replication.
Balancing costs and benefits of pandemic control in an outbreak phase
Authors: Hondou Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
After the first lockdowns in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, many countries faced difficulties in balancing infection control with economics. Due to limited prior knowledge, economists began researching this issue using cost-benefit analysis and found that infection control processes significantly affect economic efficiency. Rowthorn and Maciejowski [R. Rowthorn and J.A. Maciejowski, Oxford Rev. Econ. Policy 36, S38 (2020)] used economic parameters in the United Kingdom to numerically demonstrate that an optimal balance was found in the process, including keeping the infected population stationary. However, universally applicable knowledge, which is indispensable for the guiding principles of infection control, has not yet been developed because these analyses assume regional parameters and a specific disease. Here, we prove the universal result of economic irreversibility by applying the idea of thermodynamics to pandemic control. It means that delaying infection control measures is more expensive than implementing infection control measures early while keeping infected populations stationary. This implies that once the infected population increases, society cannot return to its previous state without extra expenditures. This universal result is analytically obtained by focusing on the infection-spreading phase of pandemics, which is applicable not only to COVID-19, and whether or not “herd immunity” exists. It also confirms the numerical observation of stationary infected populations in its optimally efficient process. Our findings suggest that economic irreversibility is a guiding principle for balancing infection control with economic effects.
Recurrent Epiphora After Dacryocystorhinostomy Surgery: Structural Abnormalities Identified With Dacryocystography and Long Term Outcomes of Revision Surgery.
Authors: Timlin Hannah , Kang Swan , Jiang Kailun , Ezra Daniel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: To investigate the aetiopathology of recurrent epiphora or stickiness after dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery, identifiable on dacryocystography (DCG), and to assess the success rates of secondary corrective surgeries.Methods: Consecutive post-DCR DCG images from patients with recurrent symptoms were reviewed between 2012-2015.Results: 159 eyes of 137 patients were evaluated. 58 DCGs showed normal postoperative findings, 4 an upper/lower canalicular block, 13 a common canalicular block, 31 a completely closed anastomosis, 50 a narrow anastomosis, and 3 an anastomosis draining into a nasal sinus.The most successful corrective procedures for each failure category were: Lester Jones Tube (LJT) for a normal post-operative DCG (17/18 success), Sisler trephination with tubes for upper/lower canalicular block (1/2 success), redo-DCR with tube for common canalicular blockage (5/6 success), redo-DCR +/- tube for completely closed anastomosis (12/16 success), LJT followed by redo-DCR +/- tube for narrow surgical anastomosis (1/1 and 17/27 success respectively), and redo-external-DCR with tube for anastomosis into a nasal sinus (1/1 success). Redo-DCR was ineffective in patients who had good post-DCR anatomical patency (22% success).Conclusion: This is the first study to report success rates of redo-DCR surgery according to anatomical findings confirmed by DCG. The outcome flow diagram help clinicians recommend procedures that are most likely to be successful for their patient’s specific anatomical abnormality. It also provides a visual tool for the shared decision-making process. Notably, symptomatic patients with a normal DCG post DCR are unlikely to benefit from redo-DCR, with a LJT being the recommended next step.
Vaccine Prioritisation Using Bluetooth Exposure Notification Apps
Authors: Penney Mark , Yargic Yigit , Smolin Lee , Thommes Edward , Anand Madhur , Bauch Chris 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
After vaccinating health care workers and vulnerable groups against COVID-19, authorities will need to decide how to vaccinate everyone else. Prioritising individuals with more contacts can be disproportionately effective, in theory, but identifying these individuals is difficult. Here we show that the technology underlying Bluetooth exposure notification applications, such as used for digital contact tracing, can be leveraged to prioritise vaccination based on individual contact data. Our approach is based on the insight that these apps also act as local sensing devices measuring each user's total exposure time to other users, thereby enabling the implementation of a previously impossible strategy that prioritises potential super-spreaders. Furthermore, by generalising percolation theory and introducing a novel measure of vaccination efficiency, we demonstrate that this ``hot-spotting" strategy can achieve herd immunity with up to half as many vaccines as a non-targeted strategy, and is attractive even for relatively low rates of app usage.
Choosing The Adaptive Cardiac Phase for Assessing Cardiac Dimensions Using Cardiac&nbsp;Computed&nbsp;Tomography for Heart Disease
Authors: Wang Li , Zhou Jin-Rong , Chen Dong , Deng Yu-Jiao , Chen Jing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Choosing a suitable cardiac cycle to measure cardiac chamber dimensions and wall thickness can be a more accurate assessment of cardiovascular disease.Methods: Cardiac CT was performed on 137 patients for suspected coronary disease. The parameters of left atrium (LA), left ventricle (LV), right atrium (RA), and right ventricle (RV), as well as the wall thickness of LV were measured in different cardiac phases. The general linear mixed model was used to analyze differences in different phases and the correlation between these parameters and traditional risk factors. ROC analysis was performed to estimate LA enlargement. Results:The dimensions of LA, RA, and LV wall thickness achieved the maximum at the phase of 35%–45%, and the dimensions of LV and RV reached the maximum at 95%–5%. Whereas, the changes of LA-B (antero-posterior diameter), LV-D1 (basal dimension), RA-B (minor dimension) and RV-D2 (mid cavity dimension) were relatively more stable during the cardiac cycle. The maximum LA-B diameter(95%CI 36.92,38.48mm), LV-D1 diameter(95%CI 44.36,45.83mm), RA-B diameter(95%CI 48.75,50.61mm), and RV-D2 diameter(95%CI 30.83,32.84mm) and the maximum interventricular septum thickness( 95%CI 10.79,11.51mm) was acquired. Heart rate (HR) and smoking were potential indicators of LVD2 (mid cavity dimension), while HR and LV myocardial mass were potential indicators of LVD3 (apical-basal dimension). In phase 45%, the cut-off value of LA-A with 77.57mm has high specificity.Conclusion: Cardiac chamber dimensions and wall thickness vary with the cardiac phase. Choosing the adaptive cardiac phase for evaluating these parameters obtained by cardiac CT could provide a more accurate clinical measurement.
First absolute seasonal temperature estimates for greenhouse climate from clumped isotopes in bivalve shells
Authors: de Winter Niels , Müller Inigo , Kocken Ilja , Thibault Nicolas , Ullmann Clemens , Farnsworth Alex , Lunt Daniel , Claeys Philippe , Ziegler Martin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Seasonal variability in sea surface temperatures plays a fundamental role in climate dynamics and species distribution. As such, it is essential to better understand seasonal variability in climates of the past. Previous reconstructions of seasonality in deep time are poorly constrained, relying on controversial assumptions such as estimates of seawater composition and neglect seasonal bias. This work presents the first absolute seasonal temperature reconstructions based on clumped isotope measurements in bivalve shells which, critically, do not rely on these assumptions. Our new approach reconstructs highly precise higher mid-latitude (~50°N) monthly temperatures from individual oyster and rudist shells of the Campanian (78 million years ago) greenhouse period (15—27 °C seasonal range). Our analysis demonstrates that seasonal bias and previous assumptions about sea water oxygen isotope composition can lead to highly inaccurate temperature reconstructions, distorting our understanding of the behavior of greenhouse climates and our ability to model them. Our results agree with fully coupled climate model simulations showing greenhouse climates outside the tropics were warmer and more seasonal than previously thought.
Wavelet Average Coefficient: a New Statistical Feature for Capturing the Temporal Pattern of Spike Trains, With Application in Brain Machine Interface
Authors: Wen Shixian , Yin Allen , Tseng Po-He , Itti Laurent , Lebedev Mikhail , Nicolelis Miguel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Motor brain machine interfaces (BMI) directly link the brain to artificial actuators and have the potential to mitigate severe body paralysis caused by neurological injury or disease. Most BMI systems involve a decoder that analyzes neural spike counts to infer movement intent. However, many classical BMI decoders 1) fail to take advantage of temporal patterns of spike trains, possibly over long time horizons; 2) are insufficient to achieve good BMI performance at high temporal resolution, as the underlying Gaussian assumption of decoders based on spike counts is violated. Here, we propose a new statistical feature that represents temporal patterns or temporal codes of spike events with richer description - wavelet average coefficients (WAC) - to be used as decoder input instead of spike counts. We constructed a wavelet decoder framework by using WAC features with a sliding-window approach, and compared the resulting decoder against classical decoders (Wiener and Kalman family) using spike count features. We found that the sliding-window approach boosts decoding temporal resolution, and using WAC features significantly improves decoding performance over using spike count features.