bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing childhood obesity: evaluation of an Early Years Nutrition programme in a deprived London borough
Authors: Patil Priyanka , Alexander Emma C. , Cupp Meghan , Lakhanpaul Monica , Peachey Meradin , Light Alexander , Manikam Logan 
Published: July 2020

Background:Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern, with far-reaching implications on health in childhood and in later life. Early intervention strategies are key to reducing childhood obesity. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of an Early Years Nutrition programme in the London Borough of Newham’s children’s centres.Methods:A service evaluation of the Early Years Nutrition programme was conducted at children’s centres within the borough. Information was collected on the sessions provided to parents by staff, breastfeeding promotion and nutritional topics the centres were displaying. Nutritional activities in each centre were assessed for compliance with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines.Results: Eight out of eleven (72.7%) centres participated. Parent sessions focused mostly on oral health (n=4/8, 50.0%). Display board topics most commonly related to generic health and wellbeing (n=4/8, 50.0%). All centres displayed the UNICEF breastfeeding logo and complied with the NICE guidelines for nutritional activities.Conclusions:The programme is consistent with NICE guidelines in the centres evaluated; however, further acquisition of data on obesity-associated factors specific to communities and preventive measures for reducing childhood obesity, such as increased parental and community engagement, promotion of breastfeeding and improved staff training, will help tailor similar programmes elsewhere with higher social and cultural acceptance.
Modified Langenskiöld procedure for chronic, recurrent, and congenital patellar dislocation
Authors: Ramos Omar , Burke Corey , Lewis Molly , Morrison Martin J. , Paley Dror , Nelson Scott C. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose Langenskiöld described a reconstructive soft-tissue procedure for irreducible lateral congenital patellar dislocations. Paley further detailed the technique in the surgical management of congenital femoral deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with congenital, chronic and recurrent patellar dislocations treated with the modified Langenskiöld procedure. Methods This is a retrospective case series. Between 2011 and 2018, 18 knees in 13 patients (mean age 15.8 years (sd 4.4; 12 to 29.9), nine female) with diagnoses of recurrent (six patients, eight knees), chronic (four patients, six knees) and congenital (three patients, four knees) patellar dislocations were treated with the modified Langenskiöld procedure. Results There were no recurrent lateral dislocations in the congenital or recurrent groups. One of the patients in the congenital group had an overcorrection with some medial patellar maltracking but until this time has not required any further surgery. In the chronic group two of the six knees developed further dislocations; these were both on the same patient, who had no dislocations until one year after surgery. Mean Kujala score was 83.7 (sd 17; 47 to 100) for all groups. In spite of preoperative knee flexion contractures of up to 30° in three patients (six knees), all patients had full extension postoperatively. Eight patients reported being satisfied with their outcome, one was somewhat satisfied, two were very dissatisfied, and two did not respond. Conclusion The modified Langenskiöld reconstruction provides a powerful correction for challenging cases of congenital and recurrent patellar dislocations. Re-dislocation as well as overcorrection can occasionally occur. Level of Evidence Level IV
The New Left at Work
Authors: Antaya Sean 
Published: July 2020

This article examines rank-and-file organizing in Windsor’s automobile factories during the 1970s. In particular, I look at the history of two organizations: Workers’ Unity and the New Tendency’s Auto Worker Group. I demonstrate how these groups were part of the North American New Left’s broader turn toward Marxism and the working class that contributed to the emergence of radical rank-and-file movements that challenged both management and bureaucratized trade union leaders. In Windsor, New Left auto workers embraced forms of autonomist Marxist politics concerned primarily with working-class self-activity at the point of production, and these activists formed connections with influential theorists and organizations in Detroit and Italy. Putting these intellectual exchanges into action, the rank-and-file organizations in Windsor used direct action in an attempt to improve working conditions and develop a radical culture of democracy on the shop floor. Although these groups were relatively short lived, their history tells us much about the trajectory of the New Left in Canada and the ways that former student activists grappled with the radical potential of 1970s working-class militancy.

Cet article examine l’organisation de base dans les usines automobiles de Windsor au cours des années 1970. En particulier, je prends en considération l’histoire de deux organisations: Workers’ Unity et le New Tendency’s Auto Worker Group. Je démontre comment ces groupes faisaient partie du virage plus large de la Nouvelle gauche nord-américaine vers le marxisme et la classe ouvrière qui a contribué à l’émergence de mouvements radicaux de base qui ont défié à la fois la direction et les dirigeants syndicaux bureaucratisés. À Windsor, les travailleurs de l’automobile de la Nouvelle Gauche ont adopté des formes de politique marxiste autonomiste principalement préoccupées par l’auto-activité de la classe ouvrière au point de production, et ces activistes ont établi des liens avec des organisations et théoriciens influents à Détroit et en Italie. Pour mettre ces échanges intellectuels en action, les organisations de base de Windsor ont utilisé l’action directe pour tenter d’améliorer les conditions de travail et de développer une culture radicale de la démocratie dans les ateliers. Bien que ces groupes aient été de courte durée, leur histoire nous en dit beaucoup sur la trajectoire de la Nouvelle Gauche au Canada et sur la manière dont les anciens activistes étudiants ont lutté avec le potentiel radical du militantisme ouvrier des années 1970.
Work Incentives for “Welfare Mothers” in 1970s Ontario
Authors: McKeen Wendy 
Published: July 2020

This article analyzes the politics surrounding the 1970s/early 1980s introduction of work-incentive measures for “welfare mothers” in Ontario. It uses governance and assemblage theory to analyze the substance and dynamics of the debates in this area as they involved state officials, social policy and social welfare advocates, and welfare mother activists. Using a wide array of archival documents and media accounts, the article uncovers the discursive and other kinds of practices that government officials used in seeking to contain the debate and foreclose more radical possibilities, as well as the role that progressive groups sometimes played in reinforcing official expertise. The article concludes that the work incentives for welfare mothers measures were not just benign policy but mechanisms that screened out the political and, ultimately, further disempowered and marginalized welfare mothers. Such programs operate to this day to reinforce a worldview that ignores structural oppression and inequality.

Cet article analyse la politique entourant l’introduction des mesures d’incitation au travail pour les «mères aidantes» en Ontario dans les années 1970 et au début des années 1980. Il utilise la théorie de la gouvernance et de l’assemblage pour analyser la substance et la dynamique des débats dans ce domaine, car ils impliquaient des représentants de l’État, des défenseurs de la politique sociale et de la protection sociale et des mères activistes. À l’aide d’un large éventail de documents d’archives et de comptes rendus des médias, l’article révèle les pratiques discursives et autres que les fonctionnaires ont utilisées pour contenir le débat et exclure des possibilités plus radicales, ainsi que le rôle que les groupes progressistes ont parfois joué dans le renforcement de la compétence officielle. L’article conclut que les mesures d’incitation au travail pour les mères aidantes n’étaient pas seulement des politiques bénignes mais des mécanismes qui filtraient le politique et, en fin de compte, rendaient les mères aidantes encore plus démunies et marginalisées. De tels programmes fonctionnent à ce jour pour renforcer une vision du monde qui ignore l’oppression structurelle et l’inégalité.
Trajectories of Union Renewal
Authors: Stevens Andrew 
Published: July 2020

Western Canada’s oil-exporting economies have come to rely on migrant labour as a cornerstone of economic development. A global division of labour intersecting with the constellation of Canada’s migrant worker programs has shaped the contemporary political-economic character of many Canadian provinces, including Saskatchewan. These programs have worked to construct bifurcated labour markets for growing low-wage industries that exist alongside high-wage resource-sector employment. Although a majority of these migrant workers end up employed in non-unionized workplaces, foreign workers who secure occupations in health care, construction, warehousing, and manufacturing are often represented by a union. The study explores union attitudes and union-member engagement among migrant labour through the lens of union revitalization, in an attempt to confront claims that migrant workers are without an affinity to organized labour and avoid participating in union business and the collective-bargaining process.

Les économies exportatrices de pétrole de l’Ouest du Canada comptent sur la main-d’œuvre migrante comme pierre angulaire du développement économique. Une division mondiale du travail qui recoupe la constellation des programmes de travailleurs migrants du Canada a façonné le caractère politico-économique contemporain de nombreuses provinces canadiennes, dont la Saskatchewan. Ces programmes ont permis de créer des marchés du travail bifurqués pour les industries à bas salaires en croissance qui coexistent avec les emplois à hauts salaires dans le secteur des ressources. Bien que la majorité de ces travailleurs migrants finissent par travailler dans des lieux de travail non syndiqués, les travailleurs étrangers qui occupent des postes dans les soins de santé, la construction, l’entreposage et la fabrication sont souvent représentés par un syndicat. L’étude explore les attitudes des syndicats et l’engagement des membres des syndicats parmi les travailleurs migrants à travers la lentille de la revitalisation syndicale, dans une tentative de confronter les affirmations selon lesquelles les travailleurs migrants n’ont aucune affinité avec le syndicalisme et évitent de participer aux affaires syndicales et au processus de négociation collective.
High-speed fiber-based spectrometer for plasma Thomson scattering
Authors: Elliott Drew B. , Gerakis Alexandros 
Published: July 2020

We present a novel concept for a Thomson scattering diagnostic, based on a high-speed fiber optic spectrometer. The high-speed fiber optic spectrometer presented here translates a spectral measurement from the frequency domain into the time domain, thus requiring the use of only a single photodetector for spectral acquisition. The high temporal precision offered by the instrument gives rise to a number of advantages over traditional spectrometers, such as nearly background-free measurements and multiple uses of the same injected beam. Multiple uses of the same beam would enable greatly increased measurement rates, in the range of 10–100 MHz. The spectral range and resolution of the fiber spectrometer can be easily tailored to be optimized for the light source and experimental conditions by selecting different lengths of fiber, thus allowing for the proposed technique to exhibit high dynamic range when measuring many points simultaneously. Finally, due to the temporal separation of the background from the signal, these improvements are possible without the need for increased average input laser power.
Shear acoustic wave attenuation influence on acousto-optic diffraction in tellurium dioxide crystal
Authors: Mantsevich Sergey , Kostyleva Ekaterina 
Published: July 2020

The slow shear acoustic wave attenuation in a tellurium dioxide crystal (

1

1
¯

0

) plane is examined. The measurements
were carried out for two crystal cutoff angles: 7° and 10.5° from the
[110] axis. The ultrasound attenuation was examined in the frequency
range of 80 to 300 MHz by the acousto-optic (AO) method. The
attenuation coefficients were determined for both acoustic wave
propagation directions for the frequency range of 200 to 300 MHz. The
influence of ultrasound attenuation on the AO cell transmission
functions was examined for the 10.5° AO cell both theoretically and
experimentally. It is shown that acoustic wave absorption affects
mainly the AO diffraction efficiency. The attenuation influence on the
AO cell transmission function shape and its half-width is not
significant.
Chirp-dispersion management inducing regeneration of truncated Airy
pulses in fiber optics links
Authors: Heuteu Crépin , Mandeng Mandeng Lucien , Tchawoua Clément 
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we introduce another technique of Airy pulse
regeneration in fiber links using the interaction between group
velocity dispersion (GVD) and the initial value of frequency chirp.
This technique of regeneration consists of managing the product of

G
V
D

×

c
h
i
r
p

over each piece

f

i
=
1
…
N

of fiber line having

N

pieces in the case of
zero-third-order dispersion (TOD) systems. This work follows
[Phys. Rev.
A 89, 043817
(2014)PLRAAN1050-294710.1103/PhysRevA.89.043817], which studied
the nonzero-TOD system. Three models are considered: the first
consists of alternation of the GVD with the chirp being constant, the
second consists of alternation of the chirp with a constant GVD, and
the third consists of the alternation of both parameters. Through the
numerical results obtained in the linear optical system, we show that
the first model with an initial condition corresponding to the
asymmetric inversion (A.I.) mechanism,

G
V
D

×

c
h
i
r
p

<

0

, is the best at yielding interesting
regeneration for both a single finite energy Airy pulse (FEAP) and for
the symmetric FEAPs previously defined in [Opt.
Commun. 399, 16
(2017)OPCOB80030-401810.1016/j.optcom.2017.04.064]. There is a
need to achieve the A.I. mechanism on each piece of fiber through the
condition

s
×

C
′

<
0

, where the GVD sign

s

alternates and

C
′

is the intrinsic chirp developed by
the pulse itself within the current piece

f
i

before its injection into the next
piece

f

i
+
1

. The main parameter that is
beneficial for this kind of chirp-dispersion management (CDM)
regeneration of FEAPs in fiber links is found to be the initial chirp
whose dimensionless optimal absolute value is

|

C

|

∈
[
1
;
3
]

in order to combine the quality and
good intensity. In contrast, the temporal gap

τ
B

and nonlinearity have a deleterious
impact on regeneration. Moreover, the noise in the regeneration
originates from the alternation of the chirp, the simultaneous
alternation of both the GVD and the chirp, the drastic increase in
chirp, and nonlinearity.
FÁRMACOS ANTIMICROBIANOS E ANTIVIRAIS COM POTENCIAL USO TERAPÊUTICO PARA A COVID-19
Authors: Bezerra Hellen Cryslen Bernardo , Xavier Daniel Parente , Bachur Tatiana Paschoalette Rodrigues , Aragão Gislei Frota 
Published: July 2020

A doença causada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, denominada COVID-19, já infectou mais de 6,5 milhões de pessoas no mundo. Até o presente momento, não há tratamento comprovadamente efi caz contra o vírus, mas alguns medicamentos já utilizados em outras doenças demonstraram efi cácia in vitro ou mesmo em humanos, como alguns agentes antimicrobianos. O objetivo desta pesquisa bibliográfi ca foi fornecer uma visão geral das evidências publicadas, até a data de pesquisa, acerca dos estudos experimentais e ensaios clínicos que utilizaram fármacos antimicrobianos como proposta de tratamento para a doença pelo novo coronavírus. Foram incluídos 75 artigos de periódicos indexados na base de dados MEDLINE. Os resultados mostraram que os fármacos Lopinavir/Ritonavir, cloroquina e hidroxicloroquina demonstraram atuar na melhora clínica de pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19. No entanto, mais evidências são necessárias para a confi rmação dos dados disponíveis atualmente.
ERROS DE PRESCRIÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA FRENTE AO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE
Authors: Bezerra Maria do Carmo Martins , Mariz Batista Almária 
Published: July 2020

Erros de prescrição podem provocar riscos de dano ao paciente, além de gastos desnecessários ao paciente e ao sistema público de saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar revisão da literatura sobre os erros de prescrição na atenção primária à saúde frente ao Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente. Trata-se de estudo de revisão da literatura cuja estratégia de busca foi pesquisa por artigos brasileiros publicados no período de 2013 a 2018, período de vigência do Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente, utilizando os descritores prescrição de medicamentos, erros de medicação e atenção primária à saúde. Os erros mais frequentes foram omissão da duração do tratamento, medicamentos prescritos por nome comercial, falta de adesão à Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais, polifarmácia com interações medicamentosas potenciais, terapia duplicada e combinações contraindicadas de medicamentos. Ainda são escassos os estudos que investigam erros relacionados a prescrição de medicamentos no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde. Outrossim, apesar da existência de legislação que regula ações voltadas à segurança do paciente no Brasil, é necessária a sensibilização por parte dos profi ssionais de saúde e gerenciamento quanto ao cumprimento da legislação, o que pressupõe a necessidade de expansão dos Núcleos de Segurança do Paciente para o âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Preconditions of Emergence and Development of Sharing Economy: Theoretical and Civilizational Approaches
Authors: ISHTIRYAKOVA Leysan , ZAINULLINA Milyausha 
Published: July 2020

The relevance of this research reflects the fact that the issues of consumption are as important for steady economic growth and sustainable social development as the issues of production and investment. However, there is no sufficient theoretical base on the subject for now.
The purpose of this research is to describe the diverse continuum of consumption development processes across different stages of social development, which preceded and contributed to the evolution of the sharing economy in its modern form.
Classical and neoclassical schools and, to some extent, institutionalism approached the category of consumption and discovered some characteristic features. Further, the evolutionary analysis of this phenomenon is addressed in conjunction with the three-stage historical civilizational concept comprising the agrarian, industrial and post-industrial stages.
The major factors are identified which contribute to the development and advance of the sharing economy as a result of the evolutionary trajectory of consumption across various societal stages.
The Viewpoint on Legislation and Guidelines on e-Business and e-Commerce: Kazakhstan’s Approac
Authors: ISMAILOVA Bakytgul , KURMANOVA Aigul , ALIMPIYEVA Tatyana , BALABIYEV Kairat , ALTYNBEKKYZY Alua , ALTYNBEKULY Aidar 
Published: July 2020

According to Global Information Technology Report, Kazakhstan ranks 39th among countries actively introducing information technologies into electronic business and electronic commerce. The legislative development for e-business and e-commerce in Kazakhstan has begun since 1999, a number of legislative regulations and guidelines have been developed by national parliament of Kazakhstan. The purpose of this article is to present and analyze viewpoint on current national legislation and guidelines on e-business and e-commerce in post-soviet Kazakhstan. This article uses comparative method of legal rules governing e-business and e-commerce issues between Kazakhstan and international countries. Furthermore, it applies a system method, where e-business and e-commerce was considered as a co-economic-legal phenomenon in the mutually agreed existence of its main components such as e-document circulation and e-economy. The article concludes that there is no clearly nationally formulated concept of legal regulation of e-business and e-commerce, there is no clear terminology base and uniform usage of terms, a clear idea of how and what should be regulated. The article highlights that Kazakhstan needs to apply integrated approach with further revision of national legislation and guidelines considering experiences of developed countries and standards of the United Nations convention on the use of electronic communications in international contracts. This review article explores a problematic area of national legislation and guidelines on e-business and e-commerce in transitional Kazakhstan which display interests to e-business and e-commerce and at the same time, country experiences the difficult economic situation, caused by decreasing oil prices, higher inflation and significant devaluation of the national currency.
Copyright Law Protection Competence in Paying Royalty as Exclusive Rights Substance
Authors: ISRAHADI Evita Isretno 
Published: July 2020

Copyright is considered as a moving and intangible object; therefore, a copyright devolution cannot be done verbally but must be with an authentic deed or Underhand deed. Problem Identification: 1. How does the song copyright devolution mechanism make economic interest for a composer or Copyright Holder? 2. What is the system of song copyright royalty payment in Indonesia? and 3. What should be done by the parties to resolve the royalty payment execution dispute? It is a normative juridical method that must be used. Research Result: It is true that copyright license mechanism, fee retaining or royalty payment is considered as logic consequences that must be done by a licensee over a licenser (Copyright holder). It is because the licensee gets material profits due to the economic rights exploitation over the copyright itself. There are many varieties or different ways of compensation payment system or indemnification from the licensee to the licenser over one copyright object to another, for instance in song/music is known two different ways such as royalty and flat systems, while in music or song is known several ways, namely by percentage system, period system, profit sharing system, compensation or copyright selling system. Royalty payment dispute resolving may come in many ways, and, generally, the dispute resolving forums are available into two forms, such as litigation forum through courts and non-litigation forum out of court.