bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dicoma Corporation: challenges for future growth
Authors: Borda Armando , Cordova Carlos , Leon Juan Carlos 
Published: November 2019

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes are as follows: students will identify the reasons for a firm to internationalize and its specific internationalization entry mode; students will distinguish how to follow the client and how physic distance strategies work; students will analyze a host country’s external environment using the PESTEL framework, and they will analyze the international strategies followed by a multinational enterprise using the integration-responsiveness framework as well.

Case overview/synopsis
The authors explore the case of DICOMA Corporation, a Costa Rican multinational enterprise with presence in five countries. Adrian Sanchez, who is Dicoma’s president, needs to craft an international strategy to increase the international sales in the foreign markets where the firm operates. The company may follow two paths. On the one hand, Dicoma can adopt the strategy of following its major clients to expand overseas, which will lead to the opening of operations in more countries, but making the foreign sales highly dependent on these types of partnerships. This has been so far the path pursued by Dicoma in its international expansion. On the other hand, Dicoma can opt to focus on increasing commitments in the existing international markets where it already has operations by capturing new clients in those locations but scarifying the potential business opportunities to enter into other countries in partnership with its major clients.

Complexity academic level
Post-graduate early stage business students enrolled in programs such as Master of Business Administration, Master of Management, Master of International Business, executive education programs, among others.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available upon request for educators only. These teaching notes should be shared solely with the instructor and students should not have access to. Please contact your library to gain login or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 5: International Business.
The South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC): powerless but accountable leadership for former GCEO
Authors: Mpherwane Maijang , April Kurt , Barnardo Claire 
Published: November 2019

Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes are as follows: identify the key challenges of leading a large organisation that is self-serving as compared to one that has people of integrity in its employ; understand how resilient leaders need to be to remain focussed on the task at hand while faced with resistance and controversy at every turn; demonstrate how to cultivate a culture of trust and integrity in an organisation bereft of both, and rebuild an organisation’s reputation; navigate the dynamics of having an unruly subordinate [chief operating officer (COO)] who in reality is more powerful; and develop key skills in practicing self-care in an environment where one is constantly undermined and devalued.

Case overview/synopsis
This case looks at the leadership of former GCEO Lulama Mokhobo at the South African Broadcasting Corporation SABC from 2012 to 2014 and her lived experience within the theme of empowered powerlessness. With an unsupportive board, destructive COO, and minister of communications at government level, Lulama is disempowered in her position and battles to make changes. Colleagues attest to the unusually complex dynamics that she had to navigate on a daily basis. The case details how this eroded Lulama’s self-confidence as well as her ability to lead the organisation and pushed her to resign. The SABC managed to undo the strides she made during her tenure and now finds itself in financial quagmire due to poor and questionable decisions made after her resignation as the GCEO of the organisation.

Complexity academic level
The target audience for this case comprises students enrolled in tertiary business education programmes who have already had some sort of work experience and hands-on exposure to real-world business. MBA and EMBA students, as well as executive education programmes. Including disciplines such as leadership, organisational behaviour and people management and strategy.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Does it get better over time? A longitudinal assessment of enterprise system user performance
Authors: Sedera Darshana , Lokuge Sachithra 
Published: November 2019

PurposeAnecdotal discussions suggest that enterprise system (ES) user performance is low when such complex systems are introduced, and then improves over time. However, there is a dearth of scientific rigor and empirical evidence about the user performance over the lengthy lifecycles. Moreover, our scientific understanding of user performance phenomenon is further convoluted by the various user groups (i.e. operational, management and executive), who purport to have often conflicting objectives and priorities. Using a longitudinal study design of two surveys, gathering data twice from 465 respondents representing three organization, the purpose of this paper is to explore the changes in user performance of operational, management and executive staffs, across the key phases of the ES lifecycle.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal study approach was followed, gathering data using two surveys. The two surveys were conducted six years apart, yielding data from 465 ES users. The respondents belong to operational, managerial and executive staffs of three organizations that were using the same market-leading ES, SAP.FindingsThe paper provides empirical insights on how user performance changes over time, across the ES lifecycle phases. Importantly, it was observed that the three user cohorts demonstrate substantial differences on their performance with the system.Research limitations/implicationsThe research results may lack generalizability due to homogeneity of the sample in terms of the types of the system, implementation partners and the industry sector the respondents belonged to.Practical implicationsBased on the study findings, organizations can introduce tailor-made management interventions for each user cohort for each ES lifecycle phase.Originality/valueThis paper provides empirical evidence for a phenomenon that still lacks scientific rigor and empirical evidence. By conducting a longitudinal survey of all ES user cohorts, the study provides insights into ES user performance.
Working in social prescribing services: a qualitative study
Authors: Beardmore Amy 
Published: November 2019

PurposeSocial prescribing (SP) is an emerging area of public health that has the potential to alleviate pressure on primary care by offering non-clinical solutions to health problems. Whilst there is an increasing body of literature exploring service design and impact, there is little research that focuses specifically on the SP workforce. The purpose of this paper is to explore routes into SP, worker’s experiences of the sector and potential career progression.Design/methodology/approachFor this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight members of the SP workforce with varying levels of responsibility from within six different organisations in an urban/suburban area of South West England. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsPathways into the sector were varied, and those without direct experience often brought transferable skills from other professions. Careers in SP were clearly rewarding, and some providers had established good support structures for staff. However, some participants were in need of additional training in areas such as collaborative working and staff management. Staff working at a more senior level – particularly in community-based organisations – seemed less well supported overall, with limited career progression. Staff in such organisations also reported working beyond contractual hours.Originality/valueThis study has revealed inconsistencies between the experiences of staff in some community organisations vs those associated with larger, more established services. It has also highlighted a need for further training and capacity building in some areas. These findings may be of interest to those commissioning or funding SP services in the future.
Evaluation of behavioral biases affecting investment decision making of individual equity investors by fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Jain Jinesh , Walia Nidhi , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Research in the area of behavioral finance has demonstrated that investors exhibit irrational behavior while making investment decisions. Investor behavior usually deviates from logic and reason, and consequently, investors exhibit various behavioral biases which impact their investment decisions. The purpose of this paper is to rank the behavioral biases influencing the investment decision making of individual equity investors from the state of Punjab, India. This research would provide valuable insight into the different behavioral biases to investors and other participants of the capital market and help them in improving investment decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
The research is conducted on the individual equity investors of Punjab, India. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was applied to rank the factors influencing the decision making of individual equity investors of Punjab. The primary factors considered for the study are overconfidence bias, representative bias, anchoring bias, availability bias, regret aversion bias, loss aversion bias, mental accounting bias and herding bias.

Findings
The three most influential criteria were herding bias, loss aversion bias and overconfidence bias. The five most influential sub-criteria were “I readily sell shares that have increased in value (C61),” “News about the company (Newspapers, TV and magazines) affects my investment decision (C84),” “I invest each element of my investment portfolio separately (C71)” and “I usually hold loosing stock for long time, expecting trend reversal (C52).”

Research limitations/implications
Although sample survey conducted in the present study was based on a limited sample selected from a particular area that truly represented the total population, it is considered as the limitation of this study.

Practical implications
The outcome of this research provides investors with a better understanding of behavioral biases that influence their decision making. This study provides them a guideline on different behavioral biases that they should consider while making investment decisions.

Originality/value
The research model is based on the available literature on behavioral finance and the research results and findings would add value to the existing knowledge base.
The Politics of M&A Antitrust
Authors: MEHTA MIHIR N. , SRINIVASAN SURAJ , ZHAO WANLI 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTAntitrust regulators play a critical role in protecting market competition. We examine whether the political process affects antitrust reviews of merger transactions. We find that acquirers and targets located in the political districts of powerful U.S. congressional members who serve on committees with antitrust regulatory oversight receive relatively favorable antitrust review outcomes. To establish causality, we use plausibly exogenous shocks to firm–politician links and a falsification test. Additional findings suggest congressional members’ incentives to influence antitrust reviews are affected by three channels: special interests, voter and constituent interests, and ideology. In aggregate, our findings suggest that the political process adversely interferes with the ability of antitrust regulators to provide independent recommendations about anticompetitive mergers.
Evaluation of DNA Extraction Methods for Processing Fingerprint Powder‐Coated Forensic Evidence
Authors: Cornwell Samuel J. , Tay Jasmine W. , Allan Rudi K. , Zoranjic Jasmin , O’Rourke Nicholas J. , Byard Graham B. , Rye Marie S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn unison, fingerprinting and DNA analysis have played a pivotal role in forensic investigations. Fingerprint powders that are available on the market can come in a range of colors and with specific properties. This study evaluated the efficiency of DNA extraction from samples coated with 3 brands of fingerprint powders: Lightning, Sirchie, and SupraNano, covering a range of colors and properties. A total of 23 fingerprint powders were tested using the Chelex, Promega DNA IQ™, and Applied Biosystems™ PrepFiler™ DNA extraction protocols. The DNA IQ™ and PrepFiler™ methods extracted higher yields of DNA in comparison to Chelex, which also accounted for better quality of PowerPlex x00AE; 21 DNA profiles recovered. There were no signs of degradation or inhibition in the quantification data, indicating that samples returning low DNA yield was due to interference during DNA extraction and not PCR inhibition. DNA profiles were recovered from the majority of fingerprint powders with only a single powder, Sirchie Magnetic Silver, failing to produce a profile using any of the methods tested. A link was observed between the DNA extraction chemistry, fingerprint powder property, that is, nonmagnetic, magnetic and aqueous, and the brand of fingerprint powder. Overall, the DNA IQ™ method was favorable for nonmagnetic fingerprint powders, while magnetic fingerprint powders produced more DNA profiles when extracted with the PrepFiler™ chemistry. This study highlights the importance of screening DNA extraction chemistries for the type of fingerprint powder used, as there is not a single DNA extraction method that suits all fingerprint powder brands and properties.
Clinical effects beyond cocaine use of sustained‐release dexamphetamine for the treatment of cocaine dependent patients with comorbid opioid dependence: secondary analysis of a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled randomized trial
Authors: Blanken Peter , Nuijten Mascha , van den Brink Wim , Hendriks Vincent M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsSustained‐release (SR) formulations of dexamphetamine and mixed amphetamine salts have shown positive effects in the treatment of patients with a cocaine use disorder. We previously demonstrated the efficacy of SR‐dexamphetamine for patients with cocaine dependence in terms of cocaine use reductions. In this secondary analysis, we assessed whether SR‐dexamphetamine treatment also improves the health status of these patients.DesignMulti‐centre randomized, double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial.SettingFour supervised heroin‐assisted treatment (HAT) out‐patient clinics in the Netherlands. In HAT, methadone treatment‐refractory opioid‐dependent patients can self‐administer individually titrated doses of pharmaceutical grade diacetylmorphine, coprescribed with oral methadone.ParticipantsSeventy‐three cocaine‐dependent patients (90% males; average age = 48.7 years), participating in HAT for their treatment‐refractory comorbid opioid dependence.InterventionsTwelve weeks pharmacotherapy with once‐daily, supervised intake of two tablets of SR‐dexamphetamine (2 × 30 mg/day) or two identical placebo tablets.MeasurementsAssessment every 4 weeks: cocaine use (time‐line follow‐back), physical health (Maudsley Addiction Profile–Health Symptoms Scale), mental health (Brief Symptom Inventory) and illegal activities (Addiction Severity Index). Primary outcome was ‘overall health’, a dichotomous, multi‐domain response index based on physical health, mental health and social functioning.FindingsCompared with placebo, SR‐dexamphetamine resulted in larger increases in the number of cocaine abstinent days (P = 0.004) and the proportion of overall health treatment responders (P = 0.045) from the 4 weeks preceding baseline to the final 4 weeks of treatment. While the number of cocaine abstinent days was not associated with overall health in the total study sample, it was positively associated with overall health among patients in poor overall health at the start of SR‐dexamphetamine treatment (n = 50), i.e. patients with the potential to improve on this multi‐domain response index (odds ratio = 1.076; 95% confidence interval = 1.025–1.130).ConclusionsSR‐dexamphetamine reduces cocaine use and may improve clinically relevant health‐related outcomes in patients with cocaine dependence who are participating in heroin‐assisted treatment for their comorbid heroin dependence.
Rates of stillbirth by maternal region of birth and gestational age in New South Wales, Australia 2004–2015
Authors: Berman Ye’elah , Ibiebele Ibinabo , Patterson Jillian A. , Randall Deborah , Ford Jane B. , Nippita Tanya , Morris Jonathan M. , Davies‐Tuck Miranda L. , Torvaldsen Siranda 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundResearch suggests that in Australia, maternal region of birth is a risk factor for stillbirth.AimsWe aimed to examine the relationship between stillbirth and maternal region of birth in New South Wales (NSW), Australia from 2004 to 2015.MethodsAdjusted logistic regression was used to determine odds of stillbirth by maternal region of birth, compared with Australian or New Zealand‐born (AUS/NZ‐born) women. Intervention rates (induction or pre‐labour caesarean) by maternal region of birth, over time, were also examined. Interaction terms were used to assess change in relative odds of stillbirth, over two time periods (2004–2011 and 2012–2015).ResultsThere were 944 457 singleton births ≥24 weeks gestation that met the study inclusion criteria and 3221 of these were stillbirths, giving a stillbirth rate of 3.4 per 1000 births. After adjustment for confounders, South Asian (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.42, 95% CI 1.24–1.62), Oceanian (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.17–1.80) and African (aOR 1.46, 96% CI 1.19–1.80) born women had significantly higher odds of stillbirth that AUS/NZ‐born women. Intervention rates increased from the earlier to the later time period by 13.1% across the study population, but the increase was larger in African and South Asian‐born women (18.1% and 19.6% respectively) than AUS/NZ‐born women (11.2%). There was a significant interaction between ethnicity and time period for South Asian‐born women in the all‐births model, with their stillbirth rates becoming closer to AUS/NZ‐born women in the later period.ConclusionSouth Asian, African and Oceanian maternal region of birth are independent risk factors for stillbirth in NSW.
Managing highly sensitized renal transplant candidates in the era of kidney paired donation and the new kidney allocation system: Is there still a role for desensitization?
Authors: Schinstock Carrie A. , Smith Byron H. , Montgomery Robert A. , Jordan Stanley C. , Bentall Andrew J. , Mai Martin , Khamash Hasan A. , Stegall Mark D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractKidney paired donation (KPD) and the new kidney allocation system (KAS) in the United States have led to improved transplantation rates for highly sensitized candidates. We aimed to assess the potential need for other approaches to improve the transplantation rate of highly sensitized candidates such as desensitization. Using the UNOS STAR file, we analyzed transplant rates in a prevalent active waiting‐list cohort as of June 1, 2016, followed for 1 year. The overall transplantation rate was 18.9% (11 129/58769). However, only 9.7% (213/2204) of candidates with a calculated panel reactive antibody ≥99.9% received a transplant, and highly sensitized candidates were less likely to receive a living donor transplant. Among candidates with a CPRA ≥ 99.5% (ie. 100%), only 2.5% of transplants were from living donors (13 total, 7 from KPD). Nearly 4 years after KAS (6/30/2018), 1791 actively wait‐listed candidates had a CPRA of ≥99.9% and 34.6% (620/1791) of these had ≥5 years of waiting time. Thus, despite KPD and KAS, many sensitized candidates have not been transplanted even with prolonged waiting time. We conclude that candidates with a CPRA ≥ 99.9% and sensitized candidates with an incompatible living donor and prolonged waiting time may benefit from desensitization to improve their ability to receive a transplant.
Response to underwater laser pointer in the Orange‐finned Anemonefish Amphiprion chrysopterus and three‐spot damselfish Dascyllus trimaculatus
Authors: Cohn Emilie , Cole Patrick , Haymaker Amanda , Garner Austin M. , Londraville Richard L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractResponse of orange‐finned anemonefish Amphiprion chrysopterus and three‐spot damselfish Dascyllus trimaculatus to red laser‐pointer light was studied in Mo'orea, French Polynesia. Four magnificent anemones Heteractis magnifica and their resident fish were observed for typical behaviours (biting, chasing, hiding, posing, lunging and retreating) with and without exposure to laser‐pointer light. Lunging behaviour increased significantly for both fish species upon exposure to laser‐pointer light; none of the other behaviours changed significantly. We advance the hypothesis that orange‐finned anemonefish and three‐spot damselfish interpret laser pointer stimulation as a territorial threat.
Flexure Pivot Oscillator With Intrinsically Tuned Isochronism
Authors: Thalmann E. , Kahrobaiyan M. H. , Vardi I. , Henein S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe most important property for accurate mechanical time bases is isochronism: the independence of period from oscillation amplitude. This paper develops a new concept in isochronism adjustment for flexure-based watch oscillators. Flexure pivot oscillators, which would advantageously replace the traditional balance wheel-spiral spring oscillator used in mechanical watches due to their significantly lower friction, exhibit nonlinear elastic properties that introduce an isochronism defect. Rather than minimizing this defect, we are interested in controlling it to compensate for external defects such as the one introduced by escapements. We show that this can be done by deriving a formula that expresses the change of frequency of the oscillator with amplitude, i.e., isochronism defect, caused by elastic nonlinearity. To adjust the isochronism, we present a new method that takes advantage of the second-order parasitic motion of flexures and embody it in a new architecture we call the co-RCC flexure pivot oscillator. In this realization, the isochronism defect of the oscillator is controlled by adjusting the stiffness of parallel flexures before fabrication through their length Lp, which has no effect on any other crucial property, including nominal frequency. We show that this method is also compatible with post-fabrication tuning by laser ablation. The advantage of our design is that isochronism tuning is an intrinsic part of the oscillator, whereas previous isochronism correctors were mechanisms added to the oscillator. The results of our previous research are also implemented in this mechanism to achieve gravity insensitivity, which is an essential property for mechanical watch time bases. We derive analytical models for the isochronism and gravity sensitivity of the oscillator and validate them by finite element simulation. We give an example of dimensioning this oscillator to reach typical practical watch specifications and show that we can tune the isochronism defect with a resolution of 1 s/day within an operating range of 10% of amplitude. We present a mock-up of the oscillator serving as a preliminary proof-of-concept.