bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routine Bile Culture From Liver Donors as Screening of Donor‐Transmitted Infections in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Pérez‐Cameo Cristina , Bilbao Itxarone , Lung Mayli , Caralt Mireia , Vargas Víctor , Pont Teresa , Nuvials Xavier , Los‐Arcos Ibai , Castells Lluís , Len Oscar 
Published: April 2020

Bacterial infections are an important threat in the early post–liver transplantation period. Donor‐transmitted infections, although rare, can have high mortality. The utility of routine culture from the donor bile duct as screening of donor‐transmitted infection has not been evaluated. We performed a retrospective study of 200 consecutive liver transplants between 2010 and 2015. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data were collected from the recipients’ medical records. Clinical data included pretransplantation, perioperative, and posttransplantation information (until 30 days after the procedure). The 3‐month patient survival and/or retransplantation were recorded. A total of 157 samples from the donor bile duct were collected and cultured. Only 8 were positive. The microorganisms isolated were as follows: Klebsiella pneumoniae, n = 2; Escherichia coli, n = 1; Enterobacter cloacae, n = 1; Streptococcus anginosus, n = 1; Streptococcus sp., n = 1; multiple gram‐negative bacilli, n = 1; and polymicrobial, n = 1. All of the microorganisms were susceptible to the antibiotic prophylaxis administered. During the first month after transplantation, 81 recipients developed 131 infections. Only 1 of these recipients had a donor with a positive bile culture, and none of the infections were due to the microorganism isolated in the donor’s bile. The 3‐month overall survival was 89.5%, and there were no differences between recipients with positive donor bile cultures and those with negative donor bile cultures (87.5% versus 89.26%; P > 0.99). Routine testing of donor bile cultures does not predict recipients’ infection or survival after liver transplantation and should not be recommended.
Insight into Protein–Polymer Conjugate Relaxation Dynamics: The Importance of Polymer Grafting
Authors: Russo Daniela , Pelosi Chiara , Wurm Frederik R. , Frick Bernhard , Ollivier Jacques , Teixeira Jose 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe bio and chemical physics of protein–polymer conjugates are related to parameters that characterize each component. With this work, it is intended to feature the dynamical properties of the protein–polymer conjugate myoglobin (Mb)–poly(ethyl ethylene phosphate), in the ps and ns time scales, in order to understand the respective roles of the protein and of the polymer size in the dynamics of the conjugate. Elastic and quasi‐elastic neutron scattering is performed on completely hydrogenated samples with variable number of polymer chains covalently attached to the protein. The role of the polymer length in the protein solvation and internal dynamics is investigated using two conjugates formed by polymers of different molecular weight. It is confirmed that the flexibility of the complex increases with the number of grafted polymer chains and that a sharp dynamical transition appears when either grafting density or polymer molecular weight are high. It is shown that protein size is crucial for the polymer structural organization and interaction on the protein surface and it is established that the glass properties of the polymer change upon conjugation. The results give a better insight of the equivalence of the polymer coating and the role of water on the surface of proteins.
Mandibular ramus and condyle reconstruction with vascularized proximal fibular epiphyseal transfer in the pediatric patient: A case report
Authors: Innocenti Marco , Mori Francesco , Raffaini Mirco , Lucattelli Elena , Innocenti Alessandro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMandibular reconstruction in skeletally immature patients is challenging for the Plastic Surgeon. Indeed, it requires replacement of the bony defect with restoration of the growth capability and joint function, when condyle is involved. Vascularized transfer of the proximal epiphysis of the fibula meets all these reconstructive requirements providing an adequate bone stock which also contains a growth plate and an articular surface. The purpose of this article is to report a case of mandibular reconstruction in a 13‐year‐old boy who underwent resection of a high‐grade osteosarcoma involving mandibular angle, ramus, and condyle. A fibular free flap including proximal epiphysis, with its growth plate and the articular surface, was harvested based on the anterior tibial vessels. The fibular head articular surface was placed facing the articular fossa of the temporal bone. A reverse‐flow end‐to‐end anastomosis was performed with the facial vessels. Postoperatively, no infection nor anastomosis complications occurred. Surgical sites healed uneventfully. At latest follow‐up, 1 year after surgery, no signs of recurrence were observed. The transferred bone survived and the growth plate was clearly open. Both functional and aesthetic outcomes were rated as good, with maximal mouth opening of more than 4 cm, neither impairment to mastication, deglutition nor phonation was observed. This technique may be a good option for pediatric reconstruction of large bony and articular mandibular defects, where functional restoration of temporomandibular joint and the growing capacity of the bone should be contemporary.
Genetic Integrity of Lake Trout in Cold Lake, Alberta, Despite Decades of Supplemental Stocking
Authors: McDermid Jenni L. , Walker Jordan , Al-Shamlih Mohammed , Wilson Chris C. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Supplemental stocking is a widely used management tool to support recreational fisheries but is not always successful and can have consequences for the genetic composition of recipient wild populations. Introgressive admixture between native populations and genetically divergent stocking sources may lead to outbreeding depression and/or homogenization of genetic diversity, which could potentially decrease the fitness of the native populations. We assessed the genetic ancestry of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush in Cold Lake, Alberta, which received supplemental stocking from several sources after the closure of a historical commercial fishery. Recent demographic studies of Lake Trout in Cold Lake estimated increased natural mortality in the contemporary population relative to the period before the commercial fishery. Population- and individual-based analyses of microsatellite loci were used to compare samples from Cold Lake collected over multiple time periods against hatchery stocking sources and a native population connected to Cold Lake via the Cold River (Pierce Lake). Despite extensive stocking over several decades and evidence of historical introgression, evidence suggests that the contemporary Lake Trout population in Cold Lake has primarily native ancestry, with little admixture from hatchery source populations. The cause of the increased mortality remains unresolved, but ecological factors should perhaps be the focus of future studies.
Donative labor effect of the nonprofit pay: A multilevel explanation
Authors: Cui Tracy Shicun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStudies on the nonprofit pay differential find that nonprofit workers in the child day care industry earn more than comparable for‐profit workers, whereas nonprofit lawyers earn less than lawyers in for‐profit firms. Are nonprofit day care center workers less altruistic than for‐profit day care workers or nonprofit lawyers? The answer is yet to come. The study aims to test the donative labor hypothesis, which is derived from altruistic motivation. To estimate the donative labor effects on the individual level, I apply cross‐classified multilevel modeling to disentangle the confounding effects on the industry level and occupation level. Data are pooled from Census 2000 and American Community Survey 2005–2016 to provide individual, industry, and occupation information. Industries are cleaned based on the Statistics of Income data from the National Center for Charitable Statistics. My analysis finds that nonprofit workers earn 4.3% less than comparable for‐profit workers net of industry and occupation effects. The study contributes to elucidating the explanatory levels of different theories. The random‐effects modeling has established an exhaustive inventory of nonprofit pay differential across industry and occupation levels.
A qualitative study exploring the influence of clinic funding on the integration of family practice nurses in Newfoundland and Labrador
Authors: Mathews Maria , Ryan Dana , Buote Richard , Parsons Sandra , Lukewich Julia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThis study explores the contributions of family practice nurses in primary care across Newfoundland and Labrador funded by fee‐for‐service and alternate payment plans to examine the influence of funding arrangements on nursing roles/activities.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was employed.MethodsSemi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted between March‐July 2018 with physicians and Registered Nurses working in primary care settings in Newfoundland and Labrador. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and a content analysis approach was used to identify recurring themes.ResultsClinic funding was instrumental in the integration of family practice nurses into primary care settings and influenced roles/activities. In fee‐for‐service practices, nurses work with physicians and focus on one‐on‐one patient care in office‐based settings, whereas nurses in alternate payment plans practices work more independently, in a wider range of settings and with emphasis on both individual and group‐based encounters. Compared with alternate payment plans practices, fee‐for‐service practices tend to be more restrictive due to physician billing requirements.
Four‐dimensional electrical resistivity tomography for continuous, near‐real‐time monitoring of a landslide affecting transport infrastructure in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Holmes Jessica , Chambers Jonathan , Meldrum Philip , Wilkinson Paul , Boyd James , Williamson Paul , Huntley David , Sattler Kelvin , Elwood David , Sivakumar Vinayagamoothy , Reeves Helen , Donohue Shane 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe Ripley Landslide is a small (0.04 km2), slow‐moving landslide in the Thompson River Valley, British Columbia, that is threatening the serviceability of two national railway lines. Slope failures in this area are having negative impacts on railway infrastructure, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, public safety, communities, local heritage and the economy. This is driving the need for monitoring at the site, and in recent years there has been a shift from traditional geotechnical surveys and visual inspections for monitoring infrastructure assets toward less invasive, lower cost, and less time‐intensive methods, including geophysics. We describe the application of a novel electrical resistivity tomography system for monitoring the landslide. The system provides near‐real time geoelectrical imaging, with results delivered remotely via a modem, avoiding the need for costly repeat field visits, and enabling near‐real time interpretation of the four‐dimensional electrical resistivity tomography data. Here, we present the results of the electrical resistivity tomography monitoring alongside field sensor‐derived relationships between suction, resistivity, moisture content and continuous monitoring single‐frequency Global Navigation Satellite System stations. Four‐dimensional electrical resistivity tomography data allows us to monitor spatial and temporal changes in resistivity, and by extension, in moisture content and soil suction. The models reveal complex hydrogeological pathways, as well as considerable seasonal variation in the response of the subsurface to changing weather conditions, which cannot be predicted through interrogation of weather and sensor data alone, providing new insight into the subsurface processes active at the site of the Ripley Landslide.
Pending danger: Recent Copper Age lion (Panthera leo L., 1758) finds from Hungary
Authors: Daróczi‐Szabó Márta , Kovács Zsófia Eszter , Raczky Pál , Bartosiewicz László 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLions reached their northernmost distribution in the Carpathian Basin at a time when the climate turned cooler and drier and the complex Late Neolithic settlement network, marked by human populations concentrated on and around tells, disintegrated. A perforated distal phalanx and a calcaneus of lion (Panthera leo L., 1758) from two different Copper Age (5th–4th millennium cal BC) settlements in Hungary contribute to mapping the distribution of Holocene lions in southeast Europe. Previous discoveries of lion bones (representing all parts of the body) have offered evidence of local lion hunting and probable consumption. The new finds also illustrate the cognitive significance of lions and help reconstruct their phenotypic size. The perforated phalanx discussed in this paper represents the large dewclaw of a powerful male, the first ever worked lion bone available in Hungary. The calcaneus offers additional metric information interpreted in light of measurements taken on extant individuals from both Asia and Africa. Inseparable environmental and cultural factors leading to the occurrence and extinction of prehistoric lions in the Carpathian Basin are reviewed in light of these new data.
Mechanisms of Carbon Sequestration in Highly Organic Ecosystems – Importance of Chemical Ecology
Authors: Adamczyk Bartosz , Heinonsalo Jussi , Simon Judy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOrganic matter decomposition plays a major role in the cycling of carbon (C) and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems across the globe. Climate change accelerates the decomposition rate to potentially increase the release of greenhouse gases and further enhance global warming in the future. However, fractions of organic matter vary in turnover times and parts are stabilized in soils for longer time periods (C sequestration). Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying C sequestration is needed for the development of effective mitigation policies to reduce land‐based production of greenhouse gases. Known mechanisms of C sequestration include the recalcitrance of C input, interactions with soil minerals, aggregate formation, as well as its regulation via abiotic factors. In this Minireview, we discuss the mechanisms behind C sequestration including the recently emerging significance of biochemical interactions between organic matter inputs that lead to C stabilization.
Experiments and progressive damage analyses of three‐dimensional five‐directional braided composite joints for propeller
Authors: Xie Cong , Tao Guoquan , Li Qian , Sheng Qiang , Wu Zhe 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this article, experiments and numerical simulation on the tensile loading properties of three‐dimensional five‐directional braided composites are studied. Herein, axial tensile loading tests were performed on braided composite and aluminum joints for propeller. A repeated unit cells model was established to analyze the micromechanical properties of the braided joint, a progressive damage model was established to evaluate the damage in the joint. In contrast to aluminum joint, which exhibited a tensile failure mode in only one direction, the braided joint exhibited both longitudinal and transverse damage failure modes, of which the transverse damage was the primary failure mode. The load‐displacement curves and damage morphology of the numerical simulation were in a good agreement with the experimental results.
Molecular dynamics simulations of mechanical properties of swollen nitrile rubber composites by incorporating carbon nanotubes
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Shijie , Li Yunlong , Liming Tang , Enqiu He , Song Shuyuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMolecular models of pure and 10% and 20% swollen nitrile rubber matrices were developed. Different amounts of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were incorporated into the swollen nitrile rubber matrices. The effects of the swelling behaviors and introduced CNTs on the mechanical properties of the nitrile rubber matrices were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The simulation results show that compared to the pure nitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) models, the elastic moduli and tensile strengths of the nitrile rubber matrices were reduced by ~31.72% and 20.10% (at a swelling ratio of 10%) and 68.28% and 36.82% (at a swelling ratio of 20%), respectively. Compared to those of the swollen NBR models without CNTs, after the introduction of one CNT, the elastic modulus and tensile strength improved by ~67.02% and 4.17% (at a swelling ratio of 10%) and 215.27% and 7.00% (at a swelling ratio of 20%), respectively. The mechanical properties of the nitrile rubber matrix improved when the content of CNTs increased. The radial distribution functions of the rubber materials, interfacial energies of the reinforced regions, and mean square displacements and diffusion coefficients of the solutions were analyzed. The introduced CNTs blocked the diffusion of the solute in the nitrile rubber matrix. This study elucidates the swelling behaviors of rubber materials from an atomic perspective and mechanical properties of carbon‐nanotube‐reinforced swollen rubber matrices.
Comparison study of ε‐caprolactone, L‐lactide, and ε‐decalactone polymerizations using aluminum complexes bearing pyrazole derivatives, and synthesis of polylactide‐gradual‐poly‐ε‐caprolactone copolymer
Authors: Lai Feng‐Jie , Yu Shu‐Chun , Chang Yung‐Chi , Wu Tzu‐Yi , Wu Kuo‐Hui , Chang Yu‐Lun , Ding Shangwu , Chen Hsuan‐Ying , Lai Chian‐Hui 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study compared ε‐caprolactone (CL), L‐lactide (LA), and ε‐decalactone (DL) polymerizations, where aluminum complexes bridged by two pyrazole ligands was used as catalysts. The reactivites of these Al complexes between CL, LA, and DL polymerization were different that L
Bu
2Al
2Me
4, with the distort boat form, exhibits the greatest catalytic activity for LA and DL polymerization at 60°C but the lowest catalytic activity for CL polymerization at room temperature. This may be because dinuclear L
Bu
2Al
2Me
4 cannot react with BnOH to form aluminum benzyl oxide at room temperature, making it unable to reduce catalytic activity. Because these aluminum complexes had different reactivities for LA and CL polymerizations, the selectivity of polylactide‐gradual‐poly‐ε‐caprolactones (PLA(10–80%)‐gradual‐PCL(59–79%)) (PLA‐g‐PCLs) was observed.
Factors associated with prognostic awareness in patients with cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Vlckova Karolina , Tuckova Anna , Polakova Kristyna , Loucka Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesPrognostic awareness relates to patients' capacity to understand their prognosis and the likely illness trajectory. Based on the current evidence, accurate PA is associated with decrease in uncertainty, depresivity, and anxiety and with increase in quality of life. However, other studies found also negative associations of PA and quality of life and mental health. This systematic review synthesizes the available literature on factors associated with accurate prognostic awareness in patients with cancer.MethodsFour databases were systematically searched for studies assessing prognostic awareness in patients with cancer. In these studies, we looked for factors positively or negatively associated with prognostic awareness. Included studies were critically appraised for methodological quality.ResultsWe screened 28 078 studies and included 70. In these studies, 102 factors were found to be related to prognostic awareness positively or negatively. Identified factors were divided into seven groups: demographic factors, factors related to coping, health condition factors, psychological factors, factors associated with end‐of‐life care, factors related to communication, and factors related to relatives. Prognostic awareness differs according to age, personality, communication with doctor, disease stage, or being outpatient. For some factors such as depression, anxiety, or quality of life, higher level of these factors was found to be associated with accurate and inaccurate prognostic awareness.ConclusionsPrognostic awareness is a complex phenomenon associated with various positive and negative associations for patients with cancer. Clinicians must consider individual preferences and values of patients and their families when discussing prognosis and must be prepared for potential adverse outcomes.
Computation of covalent and noncovalent structural parameters at low computational cost: Efficiency of the DH‐SVPD method
Authors: Tirri Bernardino , Ciofini Ilaria , Sancho‐García Juan C. , Adamo Carlo , Brémond Éric 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDH‐SVPD is a tailored atomic basis set originally developed to enhance the domain of applicability of double‐hybrid density functionals to large molecular systems in weak interactions. In combination with any density functional belonging to this approximation, it provides an accurate estimate of noncovalent interaction energies at the cost of a double‐ζ basis set, without adding a posteriori an empirical dispersion correction. Here, we show that the accuracy/cost ratio observed previously for energy properties can be safely extended to the modeling of structural parameters of small‐ and medium‐sized organic molecules. In particular, we demonstrate that, in combination with the nonempirical PBE‐QIDH double hybrid, DH‐SVPD is competitive with very large quadruple‐ζ basis sets when modeling both covalent and noncovalent structural parameters.
Global adaptive finite‐time stabilization for a class of p‐normal nonlinear systems via an event‐triggered strategy
Authors: Li Min , Guo Jian , Xiang Zhengrong 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThis article addresses the problem of global adaptive finite‐time control for a class of p‐normal nonlinear systems via an event‐triggered strategy. A state feedback controller is first designed for the nominal system by adding a power integrator method. Then, by the skillful design of adaptive dynamic gain mechanism, a novel event‐triggered controller is constructed for uncertain nonlinear system without homogeneous growth condition. It is proved that the global finite‐time stabilization of p‐normal nonlinear systems is guaranteed and the Zeno phenomenon is excluded. Finally, two examples are presented to indicate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.