bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The struggle for recognition of what?
Authors: Congdon Matthew 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn order for the concept, “recognition,” to play a critical role in social theory, it must be possible to draw a distinction between due recognition and failures of recognition. Some recognition theorists, including Axel Honneth, argue that this distinction can be preserved only if we presuppose that due recognition involves a rational response to “evaluative qualities” that can be rightly perceived in the context of social interaction. This paper points out a problem facing recent defenses of this “perception model” and proposes a solution. I begin by making explicit three criteria broadly shared by recognition theorists: an adequate theory of recognition must be (a) critical, capable of drawing a distinction between due recognition and recognitive failure; (b) minimally idealist, able to accommodate the mediating role of subjectivity in human receptivity to value; and (c) historicist, should not rule out a priori that the values involved in recognitive practice are historically emergent. I then argue that Honneth's version of the perception model cannot fulfill these criteria simultaneously. Drawing upon an Aristotelian notion of evaluative perception and working through an example from Zadie Smith's On Beauty, I defend an alternative view that is, I argue, better equipped to meet these three criteria.
Is scan‐negative cauda equina syndrome a functional neurological disorder? A pilot study
Authors: Gibson L. L. , Harborow L. , Nicholson T. , Bell D. , David A. S. 
Published: February 2020

Background and purposeCauda equina syndrome (CES) is a neurosurgical emergency which warrants lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Many patients with suggestive symptoms of CES have no radiological correlate. A functional (non‐organic) aetiology has been proposed in some, but currently little is known about this patient group and their clinical outcomes.MethodsAt a tertiary referral centre, 155 adult patients underwent urgent lumbar MRI for suspected CES in 1 year from December 2014. Data regarding clinical symptoms and follow‐up were obtained from records. Patients were divided into CES (n = 25), radiculopathy (n = 68) and scan‐negative (SN) groups (n = 62) from scans. Up to 3 years post‐discharge, postal questionnaires were sent to patients with Oswestry Disability Index, Pain Catastrophizing score, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) 7, PHQ 15 and Work and Social Adjustment Scale measures.ResultsNo clinical symptoms were found to differentiate CES from SN patients. Functional comorbidities were significantly more common in SN patients but mental health diagnosis frequency did not differ. Follow‐up was variable with no consistent referral pathways, particularly for the SN group. 33% (n = 47) responded to the postal questionnaires; high levels of pain, symptom chronicity and disability were ubiquitous but self‐reported mental health diagnoses and PHQ 15 were higher for SN patients.ConclusionsConflicting data suggest further research is needed to investigate the prevalence of mental illness and somatic symptoms in SN cases. SN patients have higher rates of comorbid functional disorders and inconsistent referral pathways. Self‐report measures indicate impaired quality of life across all groups. The low response rate limits the generalizability of findings but neuropsychiatric assessment and care pathway optimization should be considered.
Mesial temporal resection following long‐term ambulatory intracranial EEG monitoring with a direct brain‐responsive neurostimulation system
Authors: Hirsch Lawrence J. , Mirro Emily A. , Salanova Vicenta , Witt Thomas C. , Drees Cornelia N. , Brown Mesha‐Gay , Lee Ricky W. , Sadler Toni L. , Felton Elizabeth A. , Rutecki Paul , Shin Hae Won , Hadar Eldad , Hegde Manu , Rao Vikram R. , Mnatsakanyan Lilit , Madhavan Deepak S. , Zakaria Tarek J. , Liu Anli A. , Heck Christianne N. , Greenwood Janet E. , Bigelow Jeffrey K. , Nair Dileep R. , Alexopoulos Andreas V. , Mackow Michael , Edwards Jonathan C. , Sotudeh Nadia , Kuzniecky Ruben I. , Gwinn Ryder P. , Doherty Michael J. , Geller Eric B. , Morrell Martha J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe seizure outcomes in patients with medically refractory epilepsy who had evidence of bilateral mesial temporal lobe (MTL) seizure onsets and underwent MTL resection based on chronic ambulatory intracranial EEG (ICEEG) data from a direct brain‐responsive neurostimulator (RNS) system.MethodsWe retrospectively identified all patients at 17 epilepsy centers with MTL epilepsy who were treated with the RNS System using bilateral MTL leads, and in whom an MTL resection was subsequently performed. Presumed lateralization based on routine presurgical approaches was compared to lateralization determined by RNS System chronic ambulatory ICEEG recordings. The primary outcome was frequency of disabling seizures at last 3‐month follow‐up after MTL resection compared to seizure frequency 3 months before MTL resection.ResultsWe identified 157 patients treated with the RNS System with bilateral MTL leads due to presumed bitemporal epilepsy. Twenty‐five patients (16%) subsequently had an MTL resection informed by chronic ambulatory ICEEG (mean = 42 months ICEEG); follow‐up was available for 24 patients. After MTL resection, the median reduction in disabling seizures at last follow‐up was 100% (mean: 94%; range: 50%‐100%). Nine patients (38%) had exclusively unilateral electrographic seizures recorded by chronic ambulatory ICEEG and all were seizure‐free at last follow‐up after MTL resection; eight of nine continued RNS System treatment. Fifteen patients (62%) had bilateral MTL electrographic seizures, had an MTL resection on the more active side, continued RNS System treatment, and achieved a median clinical seizure reduction of 100% (mean: 90%; range: 50%‐100%) at last follow‐up, with eight of fifteen seizure‐free. For those with more than 1 year of follow‐up (N = 21), 15 patients (71%) were seizure‐free during the most recent year, including all eight patients with unilateral onsets and 7 of 13 patients (54%) with bilateral onsets.SignificanceChronic ambulatory ICEEG data provide information about lateralization of MTL seizures and can identify additional patients who may benefit from MTL resection.
Can We Uncouple Neighborhood Disadvantage and Delinquent Behaviors? An Experimental Test of Family Resilience Guided by the Social Disorganization Theory of Delinquent Behaviors
Authors: Lei Man‐Kit , Beach Steven R. H. 
Published: February 2020

Although the influence of neighborhood disadvantage on youth development of delinquent behavior is well established, findings from this research have yet to inform the development of family‐centered prevention programming to protect youth from these erosive effects. The current paper examines the role of family integration in buffering the impact of social disadvantage in a sample of N = 298 families randomly assigned either to a control condition or to a family‐based prevention program previously shown to enhance marriage and parenting. We first confirmed that neighborhood concentrated disadvantage predicted change in delinquent behaviors across the course of the study. Additionally, replicating prior work, parents participating in the Protecting Strong African American Families (ProSAAF) program, relative to those randomly assigned to the control group, significantly improved their use of effective communication strategies with each other and reduced ineffective conflict in front of youth. This resulted in a significant indirect effect of ProSAAF on change in youth delinquent behaviors. Furthermore, using mediated moderation analysis, the study tested the buffering effect of greater family integration, showing that experimentally produced change in interparental communication skills and the resulting reduction in youth exposure to parental conflict buffered the effect of neighborhood disadvantage on change in youth delinquent behaviors, supporting a mediated moderation model in which family environments buffer neighborhood effects.
Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (PCRRT) expert committee recommendation on prescribing prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapy (PIRRT) in critically ill children
Authors: Sethi Sidharth Kumar , Mittal Aliza , Nair Nikhil , Bagga Arvind , Iyenger Arpana , Ali Uma , Sinha Rajiv , Agarwal Indira , de Sousa Tavares Marcelo , Abeyagunawardena Asiri , Hanif Mohammed , Shreshtha Devender , Moorani Khemchand , Asim Sadaf , Kher Vijay , Alhasan Khalid , Mourani Chebl , Al Riyami Mohammed , Bunchman Timothy E. , McCulloch Mignon , Raina Rupesh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionRecently, prolonged intermittent renal replacement therapies (PIRRT) have emerged as cost‐effective alternatives to conventional CRRT and their use in the pediatric population has started to become more prominent. However, there is a lack of consensus guidelines on the use of PIRRT in pediatric patients in an intensive care setting.MethodsA literature search was performed on PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar in conjunction with medical librarians from both India and the Cleveland Clinic hospital system to find relevant articles. The Pediatric Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy workgroup analyzed all articles for relevancy, proposed recommendations, and graded each recommendation for their strength of evidence.ResultsOf the 60 studies eligible for review, the workgroup considered data from 37 studies to formulate guidelines for the use of PIRRT in children. The guidelines focused on the definition, indications, machines, and prescription of PIRRT.ConclusionAlthough the literature on the use of PIRRT in children is limited, the current studies give credence to their benefits and these expert recommendations are a valuable first step in the continued study of PIRRT in the pediatric population.
Sex as a moderator of body composition following a randomized controlled lifestyle intervention among Latino youth with obesity
Authors: Vander Wyst Kiley B. , Olson Micah L. , Keller Colleen S. , Soltero Erica G. , Williams Allison N. , Peña Armando , Ayers Stephanie L. , Jager Justin , Shaibi Gabriel Q. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryBackgroundBody composition differences between males and females emerge during adolescence and continue throughout adulthood; however, whether sex moderates body composition changes in adolescents with obesity after an intervention is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine sex as a moderator of changes in adiposity following lifestyle intervention.MethodsA total of 136 Latino youth with obesity (BMI% 98.2 ± 1.3) aged 14 to 16 years old were randomized to either a 12‐week lifestyle intervention (27 males/40 females) or control (35 males/34 females) group. The intervention included nutrition education (1 h/wk) and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (3 h/wk). Anthropometric data (body mass index [BMI], BMI%, waist circumference, total body fat, and fat‐free mass) were obtained pre‐ and post‐intervention. Sex differences were examined by general linear models with significance determined at P < .05 for the F‐statistic.ResultsSex did not moderate changes in BMI (F1,115 = 0.01, P = .9), BMI% (F1,115 = 0.14, P = .7), or waist circumference (F1,117 = 1.1, P = .3). Sex significantly moderated changes in body fat percent (F1,117 = 5.3, P = .02), fat mass (F1,116 = 4.5, P = .04), and fat‐free mass (F1,116 = 4.3, P = .04). Intervention males compared with females had greater relative reductions in fat percent (−4.1 ± 0.8% vs −1.2 ± 0.7%, P = .02) and fat mass (−5.0 ± 1.1 kg vs −1.5 ± 0.9 kg, P = .02) and gained more fat free mass (3.6 ± 0.9 kg vs 0.5 ± 0.8 kg, P = .02) when compared with same sex controls.ConclusionMales and females exhibited a differential response to lifestyle intervention for percent fat, fat mass, and fat‐free mass indicating that sex‐specific improvements in body composition favours males over females.
Effect of Zn and Co doping on antibacterial efficacy and cytocompatibility of spark plasma sintered hydroxyapatite
Authors: Bhattacharjee Arjak , Hassan Rubia , Gupta Anshul , Verma Madhu , Murugan Prem Anand , Sengupta Pradyut , Saravanan Matheshwaran , Manna Indranil , Balani Kantesh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHydroxyapatite [Hap, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] is one of the most preferred bioceramic material for orthopedic implants and coatings due to its stoichiometric similarities with human hard tissues. However, foreign body implantation inside human body sometimes leads to bacterial film formation over the implant surface causing the implant failure, thereby needing a revision surgery. This study attempts to select the better dopant between zinc (Zn) and cobalt (Co) as per the antibacterial efficacy when doped in Hap. To prepare antibacterial transition‐metal‐doped Hap, Zn and Co are doped in Hap as per the chemical formula Ca10−x Mx(PO4)6(OH)2, (M = Zn or Co and x = 0.24) to improve antibacterial efficacy. Phase and microstructural characterization by Rietveld refinement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) confirms the doping. Evaluation of antibacterial activity against E coli reveals that both Zn‐ and Co‐doped Hap shows antibacterial property with the latter being more effective (zone of inhibition ~3 mm more) for the same level of doping. Inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry confirms the presence of ~676 ppb Co+2 and ~303 ppb Zn+2 after leaching. In addition, cytotoxicity assay with NIH3T3 cell line reveals cytocompatibility of both the compositions with either dopant. The effect of spark plasma sintering on densification and mechanical properties of Co‐doped Hap is investigated for the first time and compared with Hap with the same level of Zn doping. It appears that Co‐doped Hap attains higher densification (~7% more) and fracture toughness (~2 times better) as compared to that of Zn‐doped counterpart (densification: 86% and fracture toughness: 0.75 ± 0.12 MPa √m). Thus, this study suggests that Co‐ and Zn‐doped Hap are promising candidates for bone tissue engineering with improved antibacterial properties and in addition, Co‐doped Hap can attain higher density and offer better fracture toughness than that of Hap doped with Zn.
Hospitalized children with intellectual disability: Parents as partners in their care
Authors: Oulton Kate , Sell Debbie , Gibson Faith 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLimited evidence exists of what hospital care is like for parents of children and young people (CYP) with intellectual disability (ID). Effective collaboration is often missing, with parents lacking trust in professionals, with feelings of being expected to care and consequently unable to leave their child. This paper focuses on what parents want from their relationship with healthcare professionals.MethodAn ethnographic approach was used, including in‐depth interviews and informal discussions with nine parents of CYP with intellectual disability. Researcher voice poems are interspersed with quotations to illustrate key findings.ResultsParents described the need for a genuine partnership with professionals. They identified seven elements that ideally characterize this partnership: Preparation, Accessibility, Reliability, Trust, Negotiation, Expertise and Respect (PARTNER).ConclusionChildren and young people with intellectual disability and their parents are frequent users of healthcare services. Getting it right from the outset is important to establish their trust in the system.
Communicating about death and dying with adults with intellectual disabilities who are terminally ill or bereaved: A UK‐wide survey of intellectual disability support staff
Authors: Tuffrey‐Wijne Irene , Finlayson Janet , Bernal Jane , Taggart Laurence , Lam Claire Kar Kei , Todd Stuart 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIllness and death are part of life for everyone, including people with intellectual disabilities. This study investigated the extent to which staff communicate about death with people with intellectual disability facing terminal illness or bereavement.MethodStaff who support people with intellectual disability in the UK (n = 690) completed an electronic survey. Detailed data were obtained from staff where a client had died in the past 12 months (n = 111), was terminally ill (n = 41) or had been bereaved (n = 200). Analysis included descriptive and chi‐squared statistics.Results52.6% of people with intellectual disability who were terminally ill were told about their illness, and 18.1% were told they would die. Of those experiencing an anticipated bereavement, 32.4% of staff said no one talked about this with them beforehand. A quarter of staff had received training on end of life or bereavement.ConclusionDeath affects many people with intellectual disability. Staff require training and support in communicating death.
Late clinical outcomes of lambre versus amplatzer occluders for left atrial appendage closure
Authors: Schnupp Steffen , Liu Xiao‐Xia , Buffle Eric , Gloekler Steffen , Mohrez Yamen , Cheikh‐Ibrahim Mohammad , Allakkis Wasim , Brachmann Johannes , Park Jai‐Wun , Kleinecke Caroline 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe LAmbre (LifeTech Scientific, Shenzhen, China) is a novel occluder for left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in patients with atrial fibrillation. This study compares late clinical outcomes of LAmbre and the established Amplatzer devices (Abbott, St Paul, MN).MethodsBetween 2012 and 2018, 265 consecutive patients underwent LAAC with LAmbre and Amplatzer devices at a single center. After a 3:1 propensity score matching, 40 (LAmbre) vs 107 (Amplatzer) patients were compared by the primary efficacy endpoint of all‐cause stroke, systemic embolism and cardiovascular/unexplained death, the primary safety endpoint of major periprocedural complications and major bleeding events at follow‐up, and the combined hazard endpoint, a composite of all the above‐mentioned hazards.ResultsThe mean age 75.6 ± 8.9 (LAmbre) vs 75.5 ± 9.0 (Amplatzer) years, CHA2DS2‐VASc score 4.8 ± 1.7 vs 4.8 ± 1.7 and HAS‐BLED score 3.1 ± 0.9 vs 3.2 ± 0.8 were similar. After 3.6 ± 1.9 vs 2.5 ± 1.4 years, the clinical efficacy (12/146, 8.2% [LAmbre] vs 28/266, 10.5% [Amplatzer]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38‐1.40; P = .34) and safety (5/146, 3.4% vs 14/266, 5.3%; HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.14‐1.6; P = .22), as well as the combined hazard endpoint (15/146, 10.3% vs 36/266, 13.6%; HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.36‐1.25; P = .21) were comparable.ConclusionIn the presented report, in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, the LAmbre offered similar long‐term efficacy and safety in comparison to Amplatzer devices.
American eels produce and release bile acid profiles that vary across life stage
Authors: Schmucker Andrew K. , Johnson Nicholas Scott , Bussy Ugo , Li Ke , Galbraith Heather S. , Chung‐Davidson Yu‐Wen , Li Weiming 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe American eel (Anguilla rostrata) is an imperilled fish hypothesized to use conspecific cues, in part, to coordinate long‐distance migration during their multistage life history. Here, holding water and tissue from multiple American eel life stages was collected and analysed for the presence, profile and concentration of bile acids. Distinct bile acid profiles were identified in glass, elver, yellow eel and silver eel holding waters using ultraperformance liquid chromatography high‐resolution mass spectrometry and principal component analysis. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, taurolithocholic acid and taurocholic acid were detected in whole tissue of American glass eels and elvers, and in liver, intestine and gallbladder samples of late‐stage yellow eels. Bile acids were not a major component of silver eel washings or tissue. This study is novel because little was previously known about bile acids produced and emitted into the environment by American eels. Future behavioural studies could evaluate whether any bile acids produced by American eels influence conspecific migratory behaviour.
Debt Contracting on Management
Authors: AKINS BRIAN , DE ANGELIS DAVID , GAULIN MACLEAN 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTChange of management restrictions (CMRs) in loan contracts give lenders explicit ex ante control rights over managerial retention and selection. This paper shows that lenders use CMRs to mitigate risks arising from CEO turnover, especially those related to the loss of human capital and replacement uncertainty, thereby providing evidence that human capital risk affects debt contracting. With a CMR in place, the likelihood of CEO turnover decreases by more than half, and future firm performance improves when retention frictions are important, suggesting that lenders can influence managerial turnover, even outside of default states, and help the borrower retain talent.
Three‐Dimensional Cinematic Rendering to Optimize Visualization of Cerebrovascular Anatomy and Disease in CT Angiography
Authors: Caton M. Travis , Wiggins Walter F. , Nunez Diego 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThree‐dimensional cinematic rendering (3DCR) is an emerging postprocessing technique for computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography (CTA) that produces photorealistic, volumetric images. In contrast to conventional volume rendering techniques, 3DCR depicts life‐like shadowing and surface reflection, which can improve the perception of depth and complex anatomic spatial relationships. This tool allows clinical neuroimagers to study, explore, and teach the complex relational anatomy of the cerebral vessels and skull in a more intuitive manner. The purpose of this report is to introduce the physical and optical principles behind 3DCR and to explore applications of 3DCR in modern cerebrovascular imaging. Using CTA source data, we describe our approach to visualizing cerebrovascular anatomy and disease and introduce three simple, reproducible techniques through a series of case vignettes. First, we show how selective manipulation of rendered models can imitate cadaveric dissection. Next, we discuss surface rendering as a means of recapitulating the neurologic physical exam. Last, we provide a step‐by‐step method of simulating the operating room perspective in visualizing cerebrovascular disease. In our experience, 3DCR proves most useful for visualizing structures at the vessel‐skull interface, which can be difficult to assess with conventional imaging methods. 3DCR, therefore, complements traditional 2‐dimensional and 3‐dimensional imaging methods and serves as an emerging tool for neuroimagers to communicate with and educate other clinicians.