bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Sceptical Inquirer
Authors: Hankinson R.J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article treats of whether scepticism, in particular Pyrrhonian scepticism, can be said to deploy a method of any kind. I begin by distinguishing various different notions of method, and their relations to the concept of expertise (section 1). I then (section 2) consider Sextus’s account, in the prologue to Outlines of Pyrrhonism, of the Pyrrhonist approach, and how it supposedly differs from those of other groups, sceptical and otherwise. In particular, I consider the central claim that the Pyrrhonist is a continuing investigator (section 3), who in spite of refusing to be satisfied with any answer (or none), none the less still achieves tranquillity, and whether this can avoid being presented as a method for so doing, and hence as compromising the purity of sceptical suspension of commitment (section 4). In doing so, I relate—and contrast—the Pyrrhonists’ account of their practice to the ‘Socratic Method’ (section 5), as well as to the argumentative practice of various Academics (section 6), and assess their claim in so doing to be offering a way of instruction (section 7). I conclude (section 8) that there is a consistent and interesting sense in which Pyrrhonian scepticism can be absolved of the charge that it incoherently, and crypto-dogmatically, presents itself as offering a method for achieving an intrinsically desirable goal.
Methodological and Valuational Priority in Epictetus’ Enchiridion 52
Authors: Aikin Scott 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Epictetus’ Enchiridion ends with a paradox—that the methods one learns to do philosophy have results contrary to one’s reasons to do philosophy. One comes to philosophy to improve one’s life, to live with wisdom. This requires that one find truths to live in light of, and in order to find those truths, one must perfect one’s reason. And to perfect one’s reason, one must attend to technical details of reasoning and metaphysics. The trouble is, in attending to these technical details, we develop the capacity for rationalization and find ways to prevent our journey to wisdom. Because we are not wise, we misuse the tools of wisdom. And so the Stoic methodological priority of learning logic first has a downstream consequence of standing in the way of what is of first importance for Stoic philosophy, the life of wisdom. The Enchiridion closes with the reminder that Stoic program must proceed in light of mitigating this conflict of methodological and valuational priority.
Pyrrhonism and the Dialectical Methods
Authors: Vlasits Justin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to show how Outlines of Pyrrhonism II constitutes an original, ambitious, and unified skeptical inquiry into logic. My thesis is that Sextus’ argument in Book II is meant to accomplish both its stated goal (to investigate the topics typically grouped together by dogmatists under the heading of “logic”) and an unstated goal. The unstated goal is, in my view, interesting in itself and sheds new light on Sextus’ methodology. The goal is: to suspend judgement on the effectiveness of dogmatic methodologies.
Yerel Yönetimlerde Sosyo-Ekonomik Gelişmişlik Seviyeleri ile Hizmet Talebi Arasıdaki İlişki: Muratpaşa Belediyesi Örneği
Authors: GÜRER Nilüfer , DEMİRCİ Bengi 
Published: September 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, vatandaşlar ile belediyeler arasındaki ilişkinin, sosyo-ekonomik ve teknolojik alandaki değişimlerden nasıl etkilendiğini araştırmak ve bu değişimin aynı belediye sınırları içerisinde yaşayan vatandaşların sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik durumlarına göre değişiklik gösterip göstermediğini, gösteriyorsa nasıl bir değişiklik gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, vatandaşların belediyeden talep etmiş oldukları hizmetlerin içeriğinin ve talep yönteminin, onların sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik düzeyleri ile yakından ilişkili olduğu hipotezinden yola çıkılarak, farklı sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik düzeyine sahip olan bölgelerdeki hizmet taleplerinin içerik, sayı ve yöntem olarak karşılaştırmalı biçimde analiz edilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Araştırmada, Antalya Muratpaşa Belediyesi sınırları içerisinde yaşayan vatandaşların belediyeden yapmış oldukları hizmet talepleri ve bunları talep etme yöntemleri dört farklı sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik grubuna göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda vatandaşların taleplerinin içeriği ve bu taleplerini Belediye’ye iletme yöntemlerine ait veriler frekans dağılımlarına bakılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, vatandaşların sosyo-ekonomik gelişmişlik seviyeleri arttıkça belediyelerden yapmış oldukları hizmet taleplerinin de arttığı ve talep yöntemi olarak da çağrı merkezi ve başvuru masasının ilk sırada yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Vatandaşların belediyeden yapmış oldukları taleplerin içeriğine bakıldığında ise, çevre ve sosyal yardım konularının öne çıktığı görülmekle beraber, günümüz kentlerinde sıkça karşılaşılan ekonomik ve sosyal değişimlerin (tüketim toplumu, yaşlanan toplum vb.) ve bunların sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan taleplerin de yerel yönetimlere iletildiği açıkça görülmektedir.
Mardin'de İki Modern İnşa: Mardin Kışlası ve Müzeye Dönüşümü
Authors: DÜZENLİ Evrim , DÜZENLİ Halil İbrahim 
Published: September 2020

XVIII. yüzyıldan itibaren, zayıflayan Osmanlı devlet otoritesini güçlendirmek amacıyla idari, ekonomik, askerlik, eğitim, vd. alanlardaki yeni örgütlenmelere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan yeni mekansal ihtiyaçlar, yeni yapı türlerinin ortaya çıkışını da beraberinde getirir. Kışlalar, bu yeni yapı türleri arasında yer alır. Bu bağlamda XIX. yüzyıl sonlarında inşa edilen Mardin Kışlası, Mardin şehri için artan merkeziyetçilikten bahsetmeye imkan tanırken, şehirde gerçekleştirilmeyi bekleyen mekansal inşaların da habercisidir. Yaklaşık bir yüzyıl sonra kışlanın müzeye dönüştürülmesi ise, şehrin de tarihselleştirilmesi suretiyle küresel kültür ekonomisine eklemlendiği ikinci bir mekansal inşa deneyimine öncülük eder. Sonuç olarak, değişen “zamansallıklar” ile beraber şehirde iki ayrı yenileşme/modernleşme biçiminin ortaya çıktığından bahsedilebilir.
Çalışmada, XIX. yüzyıl sonunda inşa edilen Mardin Kışlası ve Kışla’nın XXI. yüzyıl başlarında müzeye dönüşümü faaliyetleri üzerinden, Mardin şehrinin temas ettiği modernleşme deneyimleri irdelenecektir. Bu amaçla, başlangıç olarak; kısıtlı bir literatüre sahip olan yapı ile ilgili rölöve ve restorasyon projelerinden faydalanılmış, yerinde tespitler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapının, XIX. yüzyıl Osmanlı kışlaları içindeki konumunu belirleyebilmek amacıyla bir kışla literatürü toparlanmış, müze deneyimi ise, XXI. yüzyıl müzecilik düşüncesi ve koşulları üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki durumda elde edilen sonuçlar, şehir içindeki mekânsal karar ve örgütlenmeler, aktörler, müdahale biçim ve yöntemleri bakımından değerlendirilmesi ile şehirdeki modernleşme yaklaşımları ortaya konmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Preferensi Pohon Bagi Burung di Kawasan Restorasi Resort Sei Betung Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Sumatera Utara
Authors: Lumbantobing Poppy Rizky Arini , Sudibyo Mufti , Mumpuni Mugi 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian tentang Preferensi Pohon Bagi Burung di Kawasan Restorasi Resort Sei Betung Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser Sumatera Utara telah dilakukan pada bulan Januari - Maret 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis pohon restorasi yang paling sering dikunjungi oleh burung, aktivitas dominan yang dilakukan oleh burung pada pohon, dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kehadiran burung pada pohon di kawasan restorasi Resort Sei Betung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei eksploratif, dengan menggunakan binokuler, kamera digital, dan buku panduan identifikasi burung. Pengamatan jenis dan aktivitas burung dilakukan pagi dan sore hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 jenis jenis pohon restorasi yang paling sering dikunjungi oleh burung yaitu Vitex pubescens, Phyllanthus sp, Calicarpa pentandra, Callerya artropurpurea, dan Macaranga indica. Pohon Vitex pubescens merupakan pohon dengan kunjungan burung paling banyak yaitu 73 kali kunjungan. Phyllanthus sp adalah jenis pohon dengan kujungan burung paling banyak kedua yaitu sebanyak 51 kunjungan. Pohon Macaranga indica, pohon Calicarpa pentandra, dan pohon Callerya atropurpurea, masing-masing sebanyak 30, 28, dan 26 kunjungan burung. Aktivitas dominan yang dilakukan oleh burung pada pohon adalah aktivitas singgah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kehadiran burung pada pohon adalah ketersediaan pakan, kondisi tajuk, tinggi tajuk, ukuran cabang dan kelebatan daun.
Identifikasi Potensi Komoditas Unggulan Sektor Peranian Tanaman Pangan. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian
Authors: Handayani Eka , Saleh Khairul , Panggabean Ellen 
Published: September 2020

The aim in this study were (i) determine the base region commodity crops in Deli Serdang, (ii) determine differences in the level of competitiveness of commodity crops in Deli Serdang, (iii) determine specialty crops in the district of Deli Serdang, (iv) knowing localization (deployment) crops in Deli Serdang, (v) to determine the trend of food crops in Deli Serdang. The analytical method used is: (a) analysis of location quotient (LQ), (b) Shift Share analysis, (c) the analysis of the coefficient of specialization, (d) analysis of localization, (e) the analysis of the trend. Characteristics deployment commodity crops in Deli Serdang regency does not lead to the principle of specialization and localization. Patterns of production on food crops in Deli Serdang district tends to spread in many regions or districts and no commodity specialization in each district. Results of factor analysis trend commodity crops such as rice, cassava, and maize has a high production level each year, but the commodity sweet potato and peanut production is likely to decline.
Pengaruh Faktor Sosial Ekonomi Karyawan Pelaksana Terhadap Investasi (Biaya Pendidikan) Anak
Authors: Nasution Chairul Riza , Lubis Yusniar , Siregar Rahma Sari 
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to know any socio economic factors that affect investment (education costs) of the children of implementing employees at PTPN III Kebun Hulu, Nagori Village, Banjar Hulu, Ujung Padang District, Simalungun Regency. The sampling method is done by Purposive method. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression test with SPSS 18 tools. Socio-economic factors that affect investment (education costs) simultaneously are age, number of children, funds and education on investment (education costs) at PT Perkebunan Nusantara III Kebun Dusun Hulu. This can be seen from the t test, where t-test 2.333 t-table 2.045 at α = 5%. By parsial age variable not have an effect on to invesment ( expense of education) can be seen test of t, where t-hitung (-1,047) t-tabel (2,045), by parsial variable of amount of child not have an effect on to invesment (expense of education) where t-hitung (-1,568) t-tabel (2,045), by parsial earnings of executor employees not have an effect on to invesment (expense of education) where t-hitung (0,180) t-tabel (2,045), by parsial education variable not have an effect on to invesment (expense of education), where t-hitung (0,910) t-tabel (2,045).
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Partisipasi Anggota Koperasi (Studi Kasus: KPRI-SEDAR)
Authors: Kartika Amalia Indah , Lubis Zulkarnain , Saragih Faoeza Hafiz 
Published: September 2020

Member participation is the participation of members in exercising their rights and obligations mentally or emotionally to improve or maintain or achieve cooperative goals. This study aims to determine the effect of member participation on satisfaction, level of trust, business environment, service quality, and motivation of members. This research was conducted at the Cooperative of the Republic of Indonesia Employees Percut Sei Tuan. Sampling in this study uses a Simple Random Sampling method. The number of samples examined in this study is 40 samples of cooperative members. This study uses the method of Classical Assumption Test and Multiple Linear Regression. The results of this study indicate The coefficient of R² value of 0.454 can be interpreted that 45.5% participation of members can be influenced by these variables,and the results study indicate that there are significant variables of Member Satisfaction, and where other variables such as the level of trust, business environment, service quality and member motivation there are no adherence to level participation level variables of member at the Cooperative of the Republic of Indonesia Employees.
Evaluasi Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa Besadi Kecamatan Kuala Kabupaten Langkat Tahun 2013
Authors: Ginting Makmur , Hasibuan Muhammad Aswin , Sinaga Rudi Salam 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hasil evaluasi dari rencana pembangunan jangka menengah Desa Besadi Kecamatan Kuala Kabupaten Langkat tahun 2013. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif melalui pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data pada penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara, studi pustaka dan studi dokumentasi. Melalui penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa Pelaksanaan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa (RPJMDes) tahun 2013 di Desa Besadi mulai dari perencanaan hingga pelaksanaannya sudah berjalan cukup baik. Secara umum pelaksanaannya dimulai dari pelaksanaan Musrenbang, pembentukan tim perencana dan tim pemandu pelaksanaan RKPDes, pengkajian dan analisis data kerawanan desa atau analisis keadaan darurat desa dalam penyelenggaraan kegiatan dilakukan dengan swakelola, yaitu swakelola pemerintah desa dan swakelola padat karya. Data menunjukkan kegiatan pelaksanaan pengadaan jalan dilakukan karena bertambahnya jumlah penduduk di Desa Besadi.Partisipasi masyarakat menjadi faktor pendukung dalam pembangunan di Desa Besadi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Desa (RPJMDes) tahun 2013 di Desa Besadi mulai dari perencanaan hingga pelaksanaannya sudah berjalan cukup baik. Secara umum pelaksanaannya dimulai dari pelaksanaan Musrenbang, pembentukan tim perencana dan tim pemandu pelaksanaan RKPDes, pengkajian dan analisis data kerawanan desa atau analisis keadaan darurat desa dalam penyelenggaraan kegiatan dilakukan dengan swakelola, yaitu swakelola pemerintah desa dan swakelola padat karya.
Teknik Komunikasi Interpersonal Guru BP dalam Menangani Siswa Bermasalah (Studi Kualitatif di SMA Negeri 11 Medan)
Authors: Ritonga Benny Julian Arffandi , Siregar Nina Siti Salmaniah , Novri Novri 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui teknik Komunikasi Interpersonal Guru BP dalam menangani siswa–siswa bermasalah, mengetahui peranan Guru BP dalam menangani siswa yang bermasalah, mengetahui bagaimana langkah–langkah Guru BP dalam menangani siswa bermasalah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dengan jenis deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu penelitian yang tidak mencari atau menjelaskan hubungan, tidak menguji hipotesis ataupun membuat prediksi. Hasil penelitian bahwa apabila hubungan emosional guru dan siswa terjalin baik maka akan terbuka ruang bagi Guru BP untuk melakukan intervensi atau bimbingan khusus pada siswa yang bermasalah, perlunya tahapan–tahapan maupun proses komunikasi interpersonal yang efektif yang dilakukan Guru BP terhadap para siswa yang bermasalah, dalam menjalankan kedisiplinan pada siswa yang bermasalah Guru BP dan pihak sekolah sebaiknya membuat peraturan–peraturan yang lebih tegas. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh melalui penelitian ini adalah melalui hubungan emosional guru dan siswa terjalin baik maka akan terbuka ruang bagi Guru BP untuk melakukan tahapan–tahapan maupun proses komunikasi interpersonal yang efektif yang dilakukan Guru BP.
An unsupervised approach to disjointness learning based on terminological cluster trees
Authors: Rizzo Giuseppe , d’Amato Claudia , Fanizzi Nicola 
Published: September 2020

In the context of the Semantic Web regarded as a Web of Data, research efforts have been devoted to improving the quality of the ontologies that are used as vocabularies to enable complex services based on automated reasoning. From various surveys it emerges that many domains would require better ontologies that include non-negligible constraints for properly conveying the intended semantics. In this respect, disjointness axioms are representative of this general problem: these axioms are essential for making the negative knowledge about the domain of interest explicit yet they are often overlooked during the modeling process (thus affecting the efficacy of the reasoning services). To tackle this problem, automated methods for discovering these axioms can be used as a tool for supporting knowledge engineers in modeling new ontologies or evolving existing ones. The current solutions, either based on statistical correlations or relying on external corpora, often do not fully exploit the terminology. Stemming from this consideration, we have been investigating on alternative methods to elicit disjointness axioms from existing ontologies based on the induction of terminological cluster trees, which are logic trees in which each node stands for a cluster of individuals which emerges as a sub-concept. The growth of such trees relies on a divide-and-conquer procedure that assigns, for the cluster representing the root node, one of the concept descriptions generated via a refinement operator and selected according to a heuristic based on the minimization of the risk of overlap between the candidate sub-clusters (quantified in terms of the distance between two prototypical individuals). Preliminary works have showed some shortcomings that are tackled in this paper. To tackle the task of disjointness axioms discovery we have extended the terminological cluster tree induction framework with various contributions: 1) the adoption of different distance measures for clustering the individuals of a knowledge base; 2) the adoption of different heuristics for selecting the most promising concept descriptions; 3) a modified version of the refinement operator to prevent the introduction of inconsistency during the elicitation of the new axioms. A wide empirical evaluation showed the feasibility of the proposed extensions and the improvement with respect to alternative approaches.
Penurunan Kadar BOD dan Suhu pada Limbah Cair Nata De Coco dengan Metode Hibridisasi Pipe Filter Layer Elektrolisis (PFLE)
Authors: Nisa Ade'an , Fatimah Siti 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAKNata de coco adalah salah satu produk makanan yang memanfaatkan air kelapa. Produksi industri nata de coco di Indonesia masih banyak menghasilkan limbah cair yang mengandung bahan organik yang mengakibatkan kandungan air berubah. Bertambahnya industri nata de coco baik dalam skala kecil (industri rumahan) dan skala besar (industri pabrik) menimbulkan dampak meningkatnya hasil limbah cair nata de coco. Adsorben yang dipilih antara lain krikil, serabut kelapa, zeolite, kain, dan spon. Sedangkan variasi tegangannya adalah 5, 10, 15 volt serta untuk waktunya yaitu 10, 30, 45, 60, dan 75 menit. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh efektivitas sebesar 34,01% untuk kandungan BOD dan 14,29% untuk perubahan suhu. Kata kunci : BOD; elektrolisis; limbah cair; nata de coco; pipe filter layer; suhu ABSTRACT Nata de coco is a food product that uses coconut water. The production of the nata de coco industry in Indonesia still produces much waste containing organic material, which causes the water content to change. The increase in the nata de coco industry on a small scale (home industry) and a large scale (factory industry) impacts of the liquid waste product of nata de coco. The adsorbents selected were gravel, coconut fiber, zeolite, cloth, and sponge. While the voltage variations are 5, 10, 15 volts and the time is 10, 30, 45, 60, and 75 minutes. This study’s results have the highest rights of 34.01% for the BOD content and 14.29% for temperature changes.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Modal Minimal Terhadap Minat Investasi pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Parulian Parulian , Aminnudin Muhammad 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh literasi keuangan dan modal minimal investasi terhadap minat mahasiswa untuk berinvestasi di pasar modal Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan studi kasus pada UKM Kelompok Studi Pasar Modal (KSPM). Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh yaitu jumlah keseluruhan populasi UKM Kelompok Studi Pasar Modal (KSPM) sebanya 67 orang. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumen penelitian dan hasil dari pengumpulan kuesioner tersebut dari data kualitatif menjadi kuantitatif dengan menggunakan skala likert. Data dari responden tersebut akan diolah menggunakan software smartPLS 3.0 (Partial Least Square). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa literasi keuangan dan modal minimal investasi berpengaruh positif terhadap minat investasi.Kata kunci: Literasi Keuangan, Modal Minimal, Minat Investasi, Pasar Modal Indonesia The Effect of Financial Literation and Minimum Capital on Investment Interest in StudentsABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy and minimal investment capital on students' interest to invest in the Indonesian capital market. This research uses a case study on SME Capital Market Study Group (KSPM). The sampling method in this study uses a saturated sample that is the total population of the Capital Market Study Group (KSPM) consists of 67 people. This type of research is a quantitative study using a questionnaire as a research instrument and the results of collecting the questionnaire from qualitative data to quantitative using a Likert scale. Data from these respondents will be processed using smartPLS 3.0 (Partial Least Square) software. The results of this study indicate that financial literacy and minimal investment capital have a positive effect on investment interest.Keywords: Financial Literacy, Minimal Capital, Investment Interest, Indonesian Capital Market
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Pelatihan dan Promosi Jabatan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Ekhsan Muhamad , Nurlita Dela 
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan, pelatihan dan promosi jabatan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Objek Penelitian pada PT NT Indonesia Cikarang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel yang diperoleh dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara random sampling menggunakan rumus slovin berjumlah 101 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan, pelatihan dan promosi jabatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa apabila gaya kepemimpinan, pelatihan dan promosi jabatan meningkat maka kinerja karyawan akan meningkat secara signifikan.Kata kunci: Gaya Kepemimpinan, Pelatihan, Promosi Jabatan, Kinerja Karyawan The Effect of Leadership Style, Training and Job Promotion on Employee PerformanceABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of leadership style, training, and promotion of position on employee performance. The object of this research is the NT Indonesia Company at Cikarang. The study was conducted using quantitative methods. The number of samples obtained by a random sampling technique using the Slovin formula amounted to 101 respondents. Data collection is done through interviews and observations. The data analysis method used is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that leadership style, training and promotion have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. This shows that if the style of leadership, training, and promotion increases the employee's performance will increase significantly.Keywords: Keywords: Leadership Style, Training, Job Promotion, Employee Performance