bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROSPECTS OF OBTAINING RAW MATERIALS BY METHODS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AND SCREENING OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BIOMASS IRIS SPURIA L. (ART AND SOUL)
Authors: Tikhomirova Lyudmila Ivanovna , Shcherbakova Lyudmila Vladimirovna , Ponomareva Yaroslava Viktorovna , Drobysheva Ekaterina Aleksandrovna , Chukubaeva Almash Nuhnagimovna 
Published: January 2020

Hydroponic technologies combined with clonal micropropagation have the potential for large-scale plant growth and production of secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to obtain raw materials Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) in hydroponics coupled with clonal micropropagation, and its primary pharmacognostic analysis.
When receiving the raw material Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) at the stage of micro-multiplication itself, the most optimal content in the nutrient medium was 2.5-5.0 µm BAP. For a more complete realization of morphogenetic potentials it is necessary to alternate media with the content of phytohormones and hormone-free. At the same time, l-glutamine and adenine sulfate in an amount of 100 mg/l (MS+100mg/l L-glutamine+100mg/l adenine sulfate) should be added to the hormone-free media. For the adaptation of regenerated plants to non-sterile conditions and in the cultivation of raw materials can be used universal three-tiered aeroponic system, developed by All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Moscow (Russia) (Iu.Ts. Martirosian).
The obtained biotechnological raw materials (grass) were identified by macroscopic (external) and microscopic (anatomical) features (in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV. 2018). As a result of the qualitative analysis of raw materials for the content of the main groups of biologically active substances, the following were revealed: phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, xanthones. For the herb Iris spuria L. the method of quantitative determination of flavonoids in terms of quercetin is developed.
The dependence of the accumulation of quercetin and tannins on the hormonal composition of nutrient media, which makes it possible for Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) to regulate the accumulation of these polyphenols in the production of plant raw materials.
Concentric cylinder viscometer flows of Herschel-Bulkley fluids
Authors: Skadsem Hans Joakim , Saasen Arild 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDrilling fluids and well cements are example non-Newtonian fluids that are used for geothermal and petroleum well construction. Measurement of the non-Newtonian fluid viscosities are normally performed using a concentric cylinder Couette geometry, where one of the cylinders rotates at a controlled speed or under a controlled torque.In this paper we address Couette flow of yield stress shear thinning fluids in concentric cylinder geometries.We focus on typical oilfield viscometers and discuss effects of yield stress and shear thinning on fluid yielding at low viscometer rotational speeds and errors caused by the Newtonian shear rate assumption. We relate these errors to possible implications for typical wellbore flows.
Liberal Feminism Impact on Moroccan Educated Women: Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences, FLDM, as a Field Study
Authors: Herouach Sofian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The present study is an attempt to investigate students’ attitudes towards the social status of Moroccan women and the variables that may influence the cause of women’s liberation. These variables may include feminism, female activism and international human rights on the one hand. On the other hand, factors such as religion, patriarchy and marriage legislation could stand against the cause of female emancipation. The paper uses a theoretical and practical part. The review of literature is broad and inclusive that it trespasses the national intellectual framework on the issue of women’s liberation to referring to western major feministic movements for women’s emancipation worldwide such as liberal feminism. The field work is conducted through distributing a representative number of questionnaires, 350 questionnaires. Briefly, the findings proved that the majority of respondents, 55% hold the view that religion stands as a primary factor behind conservative gender perception, whereas 49% of the respondents believe that education is the factor behind such perceptions. Furthermore, 40% believed that the patriarchal system is the element behind traditional treatment of gender. Concerning marriage legislation, 55% agree with the reforms in Al Mudawana in 2004. For female activism, 72% believe that women largely contributed in bringing about the changes in the Al Mudawana reforms of 2004. This helped to generate an increasing female participation in politics as proved by 58% of the respondents. Finally, 65% hold the view that women’s social status nowadays is semi-liberal and improving.
How Animacy and Verbal Information Influence V2 Sentence Processing: Evidence from Eye Movements
Authors: de Swart Peter , van Bergen Geertje 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere exists a clear association between animacy and the grammatical function of transitive subject. The grammar of some languages require the transitive subject to be high in animacy, or at least higher than the object. A similar animacy preference has been observed in processing studies in languages without such a categorical animacy effect. This animacy preference has been mainly established in structures in which either one or both arguments are provided before the verb. Our goal was to establish (i) whether this preference can already be observed before any argument is provided, and (ii) whether this preference is mediated by verbal information. To this end we exploited the V2 property of Dutch which allows the verb to precede its arguments. Using a visual-world eye-tracking paradigm we presented participants with V2 structures with either an auxiliary (e.g.Gisteren heeft X… ‘Yesterday, X has …’) or a lexical main verb (e.g.Gisteren motiveerde X… ‘Yesterday, X motivated …’) and we measured looks to the animate referent. The results indicate that the animacy preference can already be observed before arguments are presented and that the selectional restrictions of the verb mediate this bias, but do not override it completely.
Sleep Spindles Promote the Restructuring of Memory Representations in Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex through Enhanced Hippocampal–Cortical Functional Connectivity
Authors: Cowan Emily , Liu Anli , Henin Simon , Kothare Sanjeev , Devinsky Orrin , Davachi Lila 
Published: January 2020

Memory consolidation is hypothesized to involve the distribution and restructuring of memory representations across hippocampal and cortical regions. Theories suggest that, through extended hippocampal–cortical interactions, cortical ensembles come to represent more integrated, or overlapping, memory traces that prioritize commonalities across related memories. Sleep processes, particularly fast sleep spindles, are thought to support consolidation, but evidence for this relationship has been mostly limited to memory retention benefits. Whether fast spindles provide a mechanism for neural changes hypothesized to support consolidation, including the strengthening of hippocampal–cortical networks and integration across memory representations, remains unclear, as does the specificity of regions involved. Using functional connectivity analyses of human fMRI data (both sexes), we show that fast spindle density during overnight sleep is related to enhanced hippocampal–cortical functional connectivity the next day, when restudying information learned before sleep. Spindle density modulated connectivity in distinct hippocampal–cortical networks depending on the category of the consolidated stimuli. Specifically, spindle density correlated with functional connectivity between anterior hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) for object–word pairs, and posterior hippocampus and posteromedial cortex for scene–word pairs. Using multivariate pattern analyses, we also show that fast spindle density during postlearning sleep is associated with greater pattern similarity, or representational overlap, across individual object–word memories in vmPFC the next day. Further, the relationship between fast spindle density and representational overlap in vmPFC was mediated by the degree of anterior hippocampal–vmPFC functional connectivity. Together, these results suggest that fast spindles support the network distribution of memory traces, potentially restructuring memory representations in vmPFC.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHow new experiences are transformed into long-term memories remains a fundamental question for neuroscience research. Theories suggest that memories are stabilized as they are reorganized in the brain, a process thought to be supported by sleep oscillations, particularly sleep spindles. Although sleep spindles have been associated with benefits in memory retention, it is not well understood how spindles modify neural memory traces. This study found that spindles during overnight sleep correlate with changes in neural memory traces, including enhanced functional connectivity in distinct hippocampal–cortical networks and increased pattern similarity among memories in the cortex. The results provide critical evidence that spindles during overnight sleep may act as a physiological mechanism for the restructuring of neural memory traces.
Reorganization of the Primate Dorsal Horn in Response to a Deafferentation Lesion Affecting Hand Function
Authors: Fisher Karen M. , Garner Joseph P. , Darian-Smith Corinna 
Published: January 2020

The loss of sensory input following a spinal deafferentation injury can be debilitating, and this is especially true in primates when the hand is involved. Although significant recovery of function occurs, little is currently understood about the reorganization of the neuronal circuitry, particularly within the dorsal horn. This region receives primary afferent input from the periphery, and cortical input via the somatosensory subcomponent of the corticospinal tract (S1 CST), and is critically important in modulating sensory transmission, both in normal and lesioned states. To determine how dorsal horn circuitry alters to facilitate recovery post-injury, we used an established deafferentation lesion model (dorsal root/dorsal column) in male monkeys to remove sensory input from just the opposing digits (digits 1–3) of one hand. This results in a deficit in fine dexterity that recovers over several months. Electrophysiological mapping, tract tracing, and immunolabeling techniques were combined to delineate specific changes to dorsal horn input circuitry. Our main findings show that (1) there is complementary sprouting of the primary afferent and S1 CST populations into an overlapping region of the reorganizing dorsal horn; (2) S1 CST and primary afferent inputs connect in different ways within this region to facilitate sensory integration; and (3) there is a loss of larger S1 CST terminal boutons in the affected dorsal horn, but no change in the size profile of the spared/sprouted primary afferent terminal boutons post-lesion. Understanding such changes helps to inform new and targeted therapies that best promote recovery.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSpinal injuries that remove sensation from the hand, can be debilitating, though functional recovery does occur. We examined changes to the neuronal circuitry of the dorsal horn in monkeys following a lesion that deafferented three digits of one hand. Little is understood about dorsal horn circuitry, despite the fact that this region loses most of its normal input after such an injury, and is clearly a major focus of reorganization. We found that both the spared primary afferents and somatosensory corticospinal efferents sprouted in an overlapping region of the dorsal horn after injury, and that larger (presumably faster) corticospinal terminals are lost, suggesting a significantly altered cortical modulation of primary afferents. Understanding this changing circuitry is important for designing targeted therapies.
Ideologi dan Partai Politik: Menakar Ideologi Politik Marhaenisme di PDIP, Sosialisme Demokrasi di PSI dan Islam Fundamentalisme di PKS
Authors: Geraldy Galang 
Published: January 2020

Krisis ideologi dalam dinamika partai politik paska reformasi (democratization) menjadi hal yang sangat anomali, mengingat demokrasi mensyaratkan adanya kebebasan dialektika ide-ide politik dan ruang publik yang simetris. Pertarungan partai politik secara elektoral maupun di dalam sistem politik yang kompleks rupanya hanya mengedepankan hal-hal yang sifatnya simbolik dan artifisial. Kritik antar elit, perpindahan kader antar partai dan mati lahirnya partai politik bukan semata-semata pertarungan politik yang ideologis-filosofis. Politik terdegradasi menjadi komodifkasi antar elit maupun elit dengan masyarakat. Untuk membongkar asumsi-asumsi di atas, peneliti mengangkat tiga partai politik sebagi objek penelitian yaitu PDIP, PSI dan PKS karena ketiganya dianggap memiliki diferensiasi ide dan nilai serta gagasan politik yang khas, dari latar belakang sejarah terbentuknya sampai keputusan-keputusan politik di dalam ruang publik demokrasi. Menggunakan Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif-kualitatif di mana menghasilkan PDIP yang memiliki landasan historisitas politik yang kuat dengan nasionalisme-marhaen memang di dalam naskah AD-ART nya sangat eksplisit mengelaborasi ide-ide Soekarno tersebut. Namun seringkali secara riil, kebijakan politik PDIP, terutama ketika di eksekutif nasional maupun lokal masih ada paradoks. PSI, karena partai baru berdiri, peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa secara teks AD-ART juga sangat eksplisit menawarkan ide-ide politik demokrasi sosial (sosialisme demokrasi), meskipun masih perlu pembuktian ketika di pemerintahan. PKS, partai yang mengalami transformasi ideologi secara transparan, yaitu dari latar belakang politik Islam Fundamentalisme menjadi Islam Moderat, dimana nilai-nilai nasionalisme-sekuler juga mulai tumbuh-kembang di partai ini paska pemilu 2004.
The local antimagic on disjoint union of some family graphs
Authors: Marsidi Marsidi , Agustin Ika Hesti 
Published: January 2020

A graph in this paper is nontrivial, finite, connected, simple, and undirected. Graph consists of a vertex set and edge set. Let u,v be two elements in vertex set, and q is the cardinality of edge set in G, a bijective function from the edge set to the first q natural number is called a vertex local antimagic edge labelling if for any two adjacent vertices and , the weight of is not equal with the weight of , where the weight of (denoted by ) is the sum of labels of edges that are incident to . Furthermore, any vertex local antimagic edge labelling induces a proper vertex colouring on where is the colour on the vertex . The vertex local antimagic chromatic number is the minimum number of colours taken over all colourings induced by vertex local antimagic edge labelling of . In this paper, we discuss about the vertex local antimagic chromatic number on disjoint union of some family graphs, namely path, cycle, star, and friendship, and also determine the lower bound of vertex local antimagic chromatic number of disjoint union graphs. The chromatic numbers of disjoint union graph in this paper attend the lower bound.
Implementação do programa minha casa minha vida em Santa Cruz do Sul: a percepção dos beneficiários
Authors: Tirelli Claudia , Areosa Sílvia Virgínia Coutinho 
Published: January 2020

O artigo discute os resultados de uma pesquisa avaliativa desenvolvida com moradores de dois conjuntos habitacionais construídos em Santa Cruz do Sul/RS, por meio do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV). A partir da realização de um survey e de observações diretas nos residenciais, buscou-se analisar como os beneficiários do Programa percebem os efeitos da sua implementação, a qual resultou no seu deslocamento no espaço urbano e alterações nas suas redes de sociabilidade, condições de moradia e acesso a serviços e equipamentos públicos. Com base nesses dados, pôde-se apreender a “efetividade subjetiva” do Programa, a qual difere das avaliações que buscam aferir se as metas e objetivos previstos na fase da formulação da política foram alcançadas. O estudo apontou que a implementação do PMCMV propiciou a aquisição da “casa própria”, mas trouxe diversos efeitos colaterais para os seus beneficiários, a depender da localização do conjunto habitacional no espaço urbano e da tipologia utilizada na construção das unidades residenciais (casas ou prédios; conjuntos murados ou abertos) e das suas formas de gestão. Entre esses efeitos não esperados pode-se apontar o recrudescimento da violência vinculada ao tráfico de drogas, dificuldades de estabelecer regramentos e novos laços no convívio social, a distância e precariedade dos serviços públicos e o endividamento, abandono e ocupação das residências.
Palavras chave: Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida, política pública, implementação.
(Auto)narrativas em/na família: cognição e emoção
Authors: Pinto Maira Meira , Muller César Augusto 
Published: January 2020

A análise apresentada no presente artigo parte das ações desenvolvidas na pesquisa “Na ponta dos dedos: o IPAD como instrumento complexo de cognição/subjetivação”, trazendo consigo os vetores teóricos do Grupo que executa a pesquisa, construídos a partir da convergência entre “educação e complexidade”. Portanto, os entendimentos que configuram a análise vinculam-se ao Paradigma da Complexidade e à Teoria da Autopoiesis. A metodologia proposta é de cunho qualitativa, tendo como base a pesquisa intervenção, envolvendo os sujeitos que acompanham crianças com Transtornos do Espectro Autista (TEA). Os instrumentos utilizados foram as narrativas coletivas e autonarrativas como propulsores de intervenções, produzindo sentidos por meio das conversações formais e informais nos encontros presenciais. As ações descritas convergem para reflexões sobre o processo de aprendizagem de forma complexa, isto é, unindo as dimensões cognição/emoções, que foram cindidas e que marcam a cultura da modernidade. Ao final, o trabalho pretende contribuir para que as famílias possam (re)organizar-se a partir das reflexões sobre as vivências dentro de suas realidades/mundos.
Palavras-chave: Complexidade; auto-organização; cognição/emoções; autonarrativas; famílias; TEA.
Aos 7 e aos 40: uma conversa sobre a vida
Authors: Guimarães Cristiane 
Published: January 2020

O Livro Aos 7 e aos 40, de João Anzanello Carrascoza, lançado em 2016 pela Editora Alfaguara e reimpresso em 2018, é um livro leve, simples e sugestão de leitura para aqueles que sabem valorizar vozes narrativas contemporâneas que nos levem a habitar outros tempos e espaços. É um livro-convite à vida, à poesia e às artes do narrar no nosso tempo.
No livro, é tecida uma conversa dos momentos da vida e suas estações, a vida e seus tempos, dois mundos que se encontram ou se afastam, expandem-se e se retraem no cotidiano silencioso e quase indizível da meninice e da vida adulta. Com voz suave, desenhando o cotidiano narrado, os protagonistas-narradores dividem-se em contar seus mundos, seus olhares, emoções e afetos nas 112 páginas, em loopings e zooms constantes e ritmados, nos levando, na leitura, re-parar o fio da vida miúda e o que ela nos tem a dizer.
Condiciones de cuidado en cuidadores de pacientes en dialisis peritoneal asociadas a sobrecarga
Authors: Franco Mejia Viviana Pahola , Romero Massa Elizabeth 
Published: January 2020

Introducción: El cuidador de un familiar de persona con Enfermedad Renal Crónica en tratamiento ambulatorio, genera momentos críticos relacionados con el estrés de cuidar.Por lo que este estudio pretende determinar las condiciones del cuidado en cuidadores de pacientes en diálisis peritoneal asociadas a sobrecarga.
Métodos: Estudio analítico, la población y muestra la constituyeron 128 cuidadores de pacientes en la región Caribe. Mediante encuesta de Caracterización del cuidador, escala de sobrecarga de Zarit, con 0.90 de alpha de Cronbach y Cuestionario de sobrecarga completa de familiares de pacientes en DP, con coeficiente de Cronbach de a= 0.847, losdatos se expresaron en frecuencias y promedios la asociación se determinó con U Mann Whitney, significativa
Resultados: Predominó el género femenino, la edad promedio de cuidadores fue de 43,8 años. De las condiciones de cuidado de los cuidadores con 68,8% predominó ser únicos cuidadores, 37,5% con 1 a 3 años cuidando y 33,6%. Madre opadre. La ausencia de sobrecarga la percibieron el 78,9% de cuidadores, se encontró sobrecarga por dependencia del paciente en 57,0% de cuidadores, mucha sobrecarga en 92,2% y mucha repercusión en 85,2%. Las condiciones de cuidado asociada a la sobrecarga en cuidadores fue cuidar a la persona desde el momento del diagnóstico (p 0,003)Conclusión: Los cuidadores de pacientes en Diálisis Peritoneal en la región caribe, percibieron una baja proporción de sobrecarga intensa y ligera que se asoció con cuidar desde el momento del diagnóstico.
Comparing the Camry dynamometer to the Jamar dynamometer for use in healthy Colombian adults
Authors: Díaz Muñoz Gustavo Alfonso , Calvera Millán Sandra Julieth 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Hand grip strength can provide an objective index of general upper strength, but hand dynamometer has not been validated for use in Colombia. The objective was to determine the interchangeability between Camry electronic and Jamar hydraulic hand grip dynamometers in a population found on the campus of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and the elderly living in a community.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional concordance study on 18-88-year-old males and females. Data regarding their demographics, health, and anthropometric variables were collected/measured and the Lin concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) along with Bland-Altman plots were used for evaluating concordance regarding both devices.
Results: One hundred and thirty-three subjects participated in this study (average age 47±20.74 years-old). Right hand (RH) grip strength was 32.15 ± 9.96 kg with the Jamar dynamometer and 29.95 ± 9.18 kg with the Camry device. It is worth highlighting that the Jamar instrument presents higher values than the Camry instrument (p <0.05). CCC was only significant at the population level and for the 40-59-year-old age group. Bland-Altman plots had narrow limits of agreement.
Conclusion: We concluded that the Camry dynamometer could replace the Jamar dynamometer in the 40-59-year-old age group; furthermore, it would be appropriate for medical use in patient monitoring or follow-up due to the close values observed.
Gonad quality of sea urchin Tripneustis gratilla with different seaweed diets
Authors: Agnette Tjendanawangi  , Nicodemus Dahoklory  
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

Gonad quality of sea urchin Tripneustis gratilla is influenced by consumed seaweed type. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the type of seaweed as potential source of carotenoids and produce a good quality of sea urchin gonad. The study was conducted in two phases, namely first phase was to obtain the content of carotenoids and β-carotene from several species of seaweed; and second phase was to testify the seaweed that produced high quality of sea urchin gonad.This study used completely randomized design with 4 treatmens of macroalgae diets, namely: 1. Enhalus sp., 2. Sargassum sp., 3. Ulva sp., and 4. Eucheuma sp. Each treament was repeated three times. Measured parameters were gonad weight, gonad maturity index, gonad color quality, and gonad texture. The study result showed that Enhalus contained the highest carotenoid and β-carotene content with 1409.53 and 639.37 mg/kg respectively. The highest gonad weight was 2.8 g; gonad color and texture was good (score 3); and the highest gonad maturity index was 5.4% that obtained from sea urchin fed with Enhalus. Therefore, this study concludes that Enhalus is potential source of carotenoids for sea urchin T. gratilla diet that will produce a good quality of gonad.

Keywords: carotenoid, diet, gonad quality, sea urchin, seaweed.