bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using an open-source tablet perimeter (Eyecatcher) as a rapid triage measure
for glaucoma clinic waiting areas
Authors: Jones Pete R , Lindfield Dan , Crabb David P 
Published: August 2020

Background
Glaucoma services are under unprecedented strain. The UK Healthcare Safety
Investigation Branch recently called for new ways to identify glaucoma patients
most at risk of developing sight loss, and of filtering-out false-positive
referrals. Here, we evaluate the feasibility of one such technology,
Eyecatcher: a free, tablet-based ‘triage’ perimeter, designed to be used
unsupervised in clinic waiting areas. Eyecatcher does not require a button or
headrest: patients are simply required to look at fixed-luminance dots as they
appear.

Methods
Seventy-seven people were tested twice using Eyecatcher (one eye only)
while waiting for a routine appointment in a UK glaucoma clinic. The sample
included individuals with an established diagnosis of glaucoma, and
false-positive new referrals (no visual field or optic nerve abnormalities). No
attempts were made to control the testing environment. Patients wore their own
glasses and received minimal task instruction.

Results
Eyecatcher was fast (median: 2.5 min), produced results in good agreement
with standard automated perimetry (SAP), and was rated as more enjoyable, less
tiring and easier to perform than SAP (all p<0.001). It exhibited good
separation (area under receiver operating characteristic=0.97) between eyes
with advanced field loss (mean deviation (MD) < −6 dB) and those within
normal limits (MD > −2 dB). And it was able to flag two thirds of
false-positive referrals as functionally normal. However, eight people (10%)
failed to complete the test twice, and reasons for this limitation are
discussed.

Conclusions
Tablet-based eye-movement perimetry could potentially provide a pragmatic
way of triaging busy glaucoma clinics (ie, flagging high-risk patients and
possible false-positive referrals).
Addressing practical issues of predictive models translation into everyday practice and public health management: a combined model to predict the risk of type 2 diabetes improves incidence prediction and reduces the prevalence of missing risk predictions
Authors: Vettoretti Martina , Longato Enrico , Zandonà Alessandro , Li Yan , Pagán José Antonio , Siscovick David , Carnethon Mercedes R , Bertoni Alain G , Facchinetti Andrea , Di Camillo Barbara 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionMany predictive models for incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) exist, but these models are not used frequently for public health management. Barriers to their application include (1) the problem of model choice (some models are applicable only to certain ethnic groups), (2) missing input variables, and (3) the lack of calibration. While (1) and (2) drives to missing predictions, (3) causes inaccurate incidence predictions. In this paper, a combined T2D risk model for public health management that addresses these three issues is developed.Research design and methodsThe combined T2D risk model combines eight existing predictive models by weighted average to overcome the problem of missing incidence predictions. Moreover, the combined model implements a simple recalibration strategy in which the risk scores are rescaled based on the T2D incidence in the target population. The performance of the combined model was compared with that of the eight existing models using data from two test datasets extracted from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; n=1031) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA; n=4820). Metrics of discrimination, calibration, and missing incidence predictions were used for the assessment.ResultsThe combined T2D model performed well in terms of both discrimination (concordance index: 0.83 on MESA; 0.77 on ELSA) and calibration (expected to observed event ratio: 1.00 on MESA; 1.17 on ELSA), similarly to the best-performing existing models. However, while the existing models yielded a large percentage of missing predictions (17%–45% on MESA; 63%–64% on ELSA), this was negligible with the combined model (0% on MESA, 4% on ELSA).ConclusionsLeveraging on existing literature T2D predictive models, a simple approach based on risk score rescaling and averaging was shown to provide accurate and robust incidence predictions, overcoming the problem of recalibration and missing predictions in practical application of predictive models.
Anemia and incidence of dementia in patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Choi Jae Woo , Kim Tae Hyun , Han Euna 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionThis study aimed to examine the association between anemia and the incidence of dementia in patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsThis study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort and included 32 590 participants aged ≥40 years who were diagnosed with new-onset type 2 diabetes between 2004 and 2007 and followed up until 2013. Anemia was defined according to the criteria provided by the WHO, hemoglobin <120 g/L for women and <130 g/L for men, and was measured from after diagnosis date of type 2 diabetes to 2007. Dementia was defined by the Classification of Diseases 10th revision code as primary diagnosis and was measured from after hemoglobin measurement to 2013. We calculated the adjusted HR (AHR) and 95% CI to assess the risk of dementia using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsWe identified 1682 patients who developed dementia within a 7.5-year follow-up. Among patients with type 2 diabetes, patients with anemia were associated with an increased risk of dementia than those without anemia (AHR, 1.21; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.39). Patients with mild (AHR, 1.18; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.38) and moderate (AHR, 1.39; 95% CI 1.06 to 1.83) anemia were associated with an increased risk of dementia than those without anemia among patients with type 2 diabetes. Men (AHR, 1.47; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.83) and middle-aged adults (AHR, 1.31; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.75) with anemia were associated with an increased risk of dementia than their counterparts without anemia among patients with type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that anemia is significantly associated with an increased risk of dementia among patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
DSR-GUP Black Hole based on COW experiment and Einstein–Bohr’s photon box
Authors: Farahani Nasrin , Hassanabadi Hassan , Kříž Jan , Chung Won Sang , Zarrinkamar Saber 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, by studying the COW experiment and the Einstein Bohr’s photon box, we investigate the associated modified phase shift and Hawking temperature. Next, we comment on the effective Newton constant suggested by the doubly special relativity based on the generalized uncertainty principle.
Band engineering of borophene superlattice based on zigzag nanoribbons: A DFT study
Authors: Zhang Yi , Ju Weiwei , Li Tongwei , Li Haisheng 
Published: August 2020

By performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that periodically repeating heterostructures of zigzag borophene nanoribbons (BNR) of different widths can form stable borophene superlattice (BSL). The energy band structures of BSL can be modulated through modifying the width and length of the segments. A metal-semiconductor transition can be obtained when the length of each segment is lengthened, whereas, the magnetism of BSL is influenced by the width of the segments. In those magnetic systems, the magnetic moments are mainly localized on protruding B atoms located at the edge, while no magnetic moments occur in the center B atoms. The hydrogenated BNR and BSL are further investigated. The hydrogenation can modify the electronic properties of BNR and BSL as well as quench the magnetism. All hydrogenated BNR and BSL are non-magnetic. Our results indicate that great potential exists in these systems for borophene utilization in nanoelectronics and spintronics.
Emergent classical universes from initial quantum states in a tomographical description
Authors: Stornaiolo Cosimo 
Published: August 2020

Quantum and classical physical states are represented in a unified way when they aredescribed by symplectic tomography. Therefore this representation allows us to study directly the necessary conditions for a classical universe to emerge from a quantum state. In a previous work on the de Sitter universe this was done by comparing the classical limit of the quantum tomograms with those resulting from the classical cosmological equations. In this paper, we first review these results and extend them to all the de Sitter models. We show further that these tomograms can be obtained directly from transposing the Wheeler–De Witt equation to the tomographic variables. Subsequently, because the classic limits of the quantum tomograms are identified with their asymptotic expressions, we find the necessary conditions to extend the previous results by taking the tomograms of the WKB solutions of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation with an any potential. Furthermore, in the previous works, we found that the de Sitter models undergo the quantum-to-classical transition when the cosmological constant decays to its present value, we discuss at the end how far we can extend this result to more general models. In the conclusions, after discussing any improvements and developments of the results of this work, we sketch a phenomenological approach from which to extract information about the initial states of the universe.
Enigma Variations: A Review Article
Authors: Vela Velupillai K. 
Published: August 2020

In this essay, which began as a Review Article of the book X, Y & Z: The Real Story of How Enigma was Broken by Dermot Turing, I discuss some of the background details of the Enigma Cypher Machine. The machine was supposed to be ‘unbreakable’, as claimed (in particular) by the manufacturers. It was repeatedly broken by Polish and British mathematicians, employed in their respective countries’ (and France’s) bureaus; in particular, heroically, by Alan Turing (at Bletchley Park, UK) and Marian Rejewski (in Poznań, Warsaw and France) — but others played important parts, too.
Therapeutic observation of electroacupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea
Authors: Hu Tiantian , Shen Lihua , Du Yijie 
Published: August 2020

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: In total 75 patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into electroacupuncture with point injection group (37 patients), and electroacupuncture group (38 patients). Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were observed before and after three treatment interventions, and the clinical efficacies were compared. Results: The total effective rates were 91.9% and 86.8%, and the difference was not significant ([Formula: see text]). Conclusions: Electroacupuncture with point injection and electroacupuncture are effective methods in treating primary dysmenorrhea, and the difference between the two groups is not statistically significant.
A dependently typed calculus with pattern matching and erasure inference
Authors: Tejiščák Matúš 
Published: August 2020

Some parts of dependently typed programs constitute evidence of their type-correctness and, once checked, are unnecessary for execution. These parts can easily become asymptotically larger than the remaining runtime-useful computation, which can cause normally linear-time programs run in exponential time, or worse. We should not make programs run slower by just describing them more precisely.
Current dependently typed systems do not erase such computation satisfactorily. By modelling erasure indirectly through type universes or irrelevance, they impose the limitations of these means to erasure. Some useless computation then cannot be erased and idiomatic programs remain asymptotically sub-optimal.
In this paper, we explain why we need erasure, that it is different from other concepts like irrelevance, and propose a dependently typed calculus with pattern matching with erasure annotations to model it. We show that erasure in well-typed programs is sound in that it commutes with reduction. Assuming the Church-Rosser property, erasure furthermore preserves convertibility in general.
We also give an erasure inference algorithm for erasure-unannotated or partially annotated programs and prove it sound, complete, and optimal with respect to the typing rules of the calculus.
Finally, we show that this erasure method is effective in that it can not only recover the expected asymptotic complexity in compiled programs at run time, but it can also shorten compilation times.
O uso de ferramentas digitais na preservação da arte escultórica tumular
Authors: Oliveira Fabiana Lopes de , Santos Reinaldo Luiz 
Published: August 2020

Cemitérios são espaços onde é possível identificar elementos culturais de uma sociedade, que se expressam pela arquitetura do túmulo e do paisagismo. Porém o distanciamento das pessoas destes locais os torna propícios para a ação dos vândalos. Logo, as necrópoles precisam ser incluídas em roteiros culturais nas cidades, além de serem instituídos programas de manutenção periódica e segurança nos túmulos, capelas e mausoléus. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar duas formas de preservação do patrimônio cultural: a primeira consiste na identificação das principais manifestações patológicas que danificam as esculturas, com a confecção dos mapas de danos; e a segunda, no levantamento das características físicas das peças, de modo a documentar suas formas, cores, texturas e volumetria. Para ambas as propostas, utilizaram-se duas ferramentas digitais atuais: a fotogrametria e o escaneamento a laser. As obras estudadas são: Pietá (1929), do escultor Galileo Emendabili, localizada no Cemitério da Consolação em São Paulo e Último adeus (1945), de Alfredo Oliani, no Cemitério São Paulo, utilizando-se os softwares ReCap Photo, da Autodesk, e Trimble RealWorks, da empresa Trimble, para obtenção dos modelos tridimensionais das obras escultóricas. Constatou-se que para a utilização destas tecnologias é necessário planejamento prévio para o levantamentodos dados, principalmente devido às interferências climáticas e de localização das obras. As ferramentas utilizadas foram eficientes quanto à caracterização formal das obras e podem ser utilizadas para a preservação conceitual e material da peça.
Heritage and history of the marble industry in Alentejo (Portugal)
Authors: Soares Clara Moura , Rodrigues Rute Massano , Filipe Carlos 
Published: August 2020

The Heritage and History of the Marble Industry project (PHIM), based on interdisciplinary principles and practices, highlights the importance of the Portuguese marbles of Alentejo Anticline in a context of patrimonial and cultural valuation of a region where the ornamental rock industry defines landscapes, shapes the economy, and defines ways of life. Knowledge coming from scientific research is being disseminated through various platforms and audiences, contributing to regional development and providing solid contents for industrial and cultural tourism of quality. After two phases of the project that allowed to achieve broad knowledge about the application of the Alentejo marbles in the artistic heritage, the 3rd phase serves to expand the chronology under study (from Roman times to the 20th century) and to allow for new interdisciplinary perspectives, with the cooperation of History of Law and Economic History.
Editorial
Authors: Marandino Martha 
Published: August 2020

Neste número 29 da Revista CPC encontramos artigos que vão analisar questões relacionadas não só à proteção da paisagem e à patrimonialização do território, mas também discutindo a relação entre educação patrimonial e educação ambiental. O material que aqui se apresenta aborda, ainda, diferentes tipologias de patrimônio, perpassando experiências e estudos que analisam, inventariam e problematizam elementos ligados à dimensão material e imaterial do patrimônio, como a memória coletiva, a arquitetura e a cidade.
Paisagem cultural e espírito do lugar como patrimônio: em busca de um pacto social de ordenamento territorial
Authors: Zanirato Sílvia Helena 
Published: August 2020

Este texto contempla as relações entre a proteção da paisagem e o espírito do lugar, em particular os desafios para que essa proteção possa ser efetiva. Assim, a análise trata do histórico da proteção pelos órgãos envolvidos com o patrimônio, das dificuldades de fazer valer a proteção pretendida e da necessidade de um pacto de gestão com todos os envolvidos no território que se quer patrimonializar, condição sine qua non para a efetividade da preservação de algo que é desafiador: o espírito do lugar.
“le maigre dos tourné à l’ humanité”
Authors: Simpson Hannah 
Published: August 2020

Résumé
Le présent article examine la façon dont Eleutheria, la première pièce entière que Beckett a écrite, refuse un sentiment d’ humanisme simpliste de l’ après-guerre, grâce à sa manipulation de la relation entre scène et spectateurs supposés. Pour Beckett, le passage au théâtre a indiqué un nouvel engagement plus agressif avec le public français, et Eleutheria implique directement ses spectateurs imaginés, les rendant complices dans le spectacle de la souffrance qui se déroule sous leurs yeux. Cet article s’ oppose aux lectures humanistes d’ Eleutheria, et conteste à la fois le lieu commun critique qui la voit comme étant inhabituellement conventionnelle en termes dramaturgiques, en comparaison avec les autres pièces de Beckett. En effet, Beckett se tourne vers le théâtre comme moyen de souligner l’ aptitude humaine à se désengager de la souffrance d’ autrui.
Beckett’s Sade / Barthes’s Zade
Authors: Rabaté Jean-Michel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Eight thematic clusters are used to draw parallels between texts by Samuel Beckett and Roland Barthes that focus on Marquis de Sade and sadism. By examining places like Roussillon and La Coste and themes like Machines, Screams, Order and Reason, the Family, the Law, Class and Lit bodies, one can see better how both writers have worked with Sade’s images and concepts. If Barthes’s theses throw new light on Beckett’s texts like Watt, How It Is and Catastrophe, conversely Beckett’s skepticism facing Reason and narrative forms highlights Barthes’s main writerly strategies.
“Leur vie d’ homme presque, d’ homme tout juste, d’ homme assez”
Authors: Thobois Céline 
Published: August 2020

Résumé
Cet article offre une nouvelle mise en contexte des créatures beckettiennes dans l’ Anthropocène et la Grande Accélération, ce qui nécessite l’ introduction d’ un nouveau vocabulaire afin de conceptualiser les créatures hybrides de Beckett. Après la définition du concept de ‘techno-humain’ selon The Techno-Human Condition de Braden R. Allenby et Daniel Sarewitz, cet article étudie l’ usage que fait Beckett de la technologie dans Oh les beaux Jours et Comédie aux niveaux artistique, pratique et éthique, et montre comment cela ouvre la voie aux adaptations cybernétiques.
Representation of Modes of Variability in Six U.S. Climate Models
Authors: Orbe Clara , Van Roekel Luke , Adames Ángel F. , Dezfuli Amin , Fasullo John , Gleckler Peter J. , Lee Jiwoo , Li Wei , Nazarenko Larissa , Schmidt Gavin A. , Sperber Kenneth R. , Zhao Ming 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe compare the performance of several modes of variability across six U.S. climate modeling groups, with a focus on identifying robust improvements in recent models [including those participating in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP)] compared to previous versions. In particular, we examine the representation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the tropical stratosphere, and the dominant modes of extratropical variability, including the southern annular mode (SAM), the northern annular mode (NAM) [and the closely related North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)], and the Pacific–North American pattern (PNA). Where feasible, we explore the processes driving these improvements through the use of “intermediary” experiments that utilize model versions between CMIP3/5 and CMIP6 as well as targeted sensitivity experiments in which individual modeling parameters are altered. We find clear and systematic improvements in the MJO and QBO and in the teleconnection patterns associated with the PDO and ENSO. Some gains arise from better process representation, while others (e.g., the QBO) from higher resolution that allows for a greater range of interactions. Our results demonstrate that the incremental development processes in multiple climate model groups lead to more realistic simulations over time.
Are Women in Rural India Really Consuming a Less Diverse Diet?
Authors: Gupta Soumya , Sunder Naveen , Pingali Prabhu L. 
Published: August 2020

Background: It is widely considered that women have less diverse diets than other household members. However, it has been challenging to establish this empirically since women’s diet diversity is measured differently from that of other household members. Objective: In this article, we compare women’s dietary diversity with that of their respective households and thereby generate a measure of “dietary gap.” Methods: We measure women’s “dietary gap” by using the difference of homogenized household and woman dietary scores (using the same scales). This is done using primary data on 3600 households from 4 districts in India. Additionally, we show the robustness of our results to variations in scale and recall periods used to construct the diet diversity scores. Results: Mean difference tests indicate that women consistently consume 0.1 to 0.5 fewer food groups relative to other household members, with the results being statistically significant at the 1% level. The food groups driving this dietary gap are nonstaples like Vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables, meat/fish/poultry, and dairy. Conclusions: Results point toward the discrimination faced by women in the variety of the food consumed, the importance of considering comparability in creating indices of diet diversity, and the need to collect more detailed information on diets. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to examine dietary discrimination faced by women using common scales.
Vaginocutaneous fistula: A rare long-term complication of transobturator tape procedure for stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Micoogullari Uygar , Yucel Cem , Ulker Volkan , Keskin Mehmet Zeynel , Celik Orcun 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Synthetic mid-urethral slings are currently the most common performed surgical procedure for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. The transobturator mid-urethral sling technique has been widely accepted owing to its high success and low complication rates. Although complications are rarely seen, it may cause significant morbidity. Case presentation: We report a case of vaginocutaneous fistula following transobturator mid-urethral sling procedure and a successful reconstruction with transvaginal sling excision and fistula closure. Conclusion: Vaginocutaneous fistula is a known but rarely seen long-term complication of transobturator tape. With an increased use of mesh, various delayed complications can be seen in the long-term follow-up. This case showed us the need for longer and detailed studies that evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the transobturator tape procedure.