bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐resolution incremental 4D‐Var for WRF: Implementation and application at convective scale
Authors: Liu Zhiquan , Ban Junmei , Hong Jing‐Shan , Kuo Ying‐Hwa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe current four‐dimensional variational (4D‐Var) data assimilation (DA) algorithm, available in the community Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model's DA (WRFDA) system, can run only at the same resolution as that of the WRF model forecast, which makes it computationally prohibitive for operational applications at convective scale. The Multi‐Resolution Incremental 4D‐Var (MRI‐4DVar) has been developed in this study in order to speed up WRF 4D‐Var through a three‐stage procedure in each outer loop. One key aspect of WRF MRI‐4DVar is the introduction of the inverse control variable transform within WRFDA that allows the proper resolution change between different outer loops for the control variables projected in the vertical empirical orthogonal function (EOF) space. MRI‐4DVar's computational efficiency and forecast performance are demonstrated by applying it to an afternoon thunderstorm event over northern Taiwan with a 2 km model resolution setting. Comparing to the full‐resolution 4D‐Var experiment, two MRI‐4DVar configurations with a speed‐up of 4.5 and 7.5 times performed similarly well in terms of Fractions Skill Score (FSS) of 6‐hr accumulated rainfall forecasts and hourly variation of total rainfall amount, indicating MRI‐4DVar's potential for operational applications at convective scale.
TimelyRep: Timing deterministic replay for Android web applications
Authors: Liu Yanqiang , Yan Fangge , Xia Mingyuan , Qi Zhengwei , Liu Xue 
Published: July 2020

SummaryWith the constantly growing and changing requirements of app users, web techniques are used in mobile application development for better cross‐platform compatibility and online update. As the embedded web contents gain complexity, debugging web apps become a critical demand. Web replay tools can record program inputs and reproduce the same execution for debugging and performance tuning. However, traditional replay approaches are largely intended for apps with desktop interaction methods (keyboard, mouse) and require modification to the browser, which limits their applicability in mobile platforms.In this paper, we develop TimelyRep, which provides deterministic record‐and‐replay as a software library, running on commodity Android. TimelyRep can be used for app development with unmodified Android devices and for production to collect faulty execution from users. Also, we propose an efficient replay timing control mechanism and achieve higher timing precision as facing higher event rate on touchscreen devices. TimelyRep also supports cross‐device replay and can replay logged event traces on different devices, which is useful for developers to reproduce user inputs on their own devices. We evaluate TimelyRep with real‐world web applications. The results show that TimelyRep is useful for recreating program bugs and maintaining low delays for touch‐intensive web games.
Resummed inclusive cross-section in Randall-Sundrum model at NNLO+NNLL
Authors: Das Goutam , Kumar M. C. , Samanta Kajal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The complete next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) QCD correction has been studied to the di-lepton invariant mass distribution within the Randall-Sundrum (RS) framework. In addition, the soft-virtual (SV) cross-section at next-to-next-to-next-to leading order (N3LO) as well as threshold resummation to next-to-next-to leading logarithms (NNLL) level have been presented. The analytical coefficient for SV production has been obtained up to three loops very recently along with the process-dependent coefficients needed to perform resummation up to NNLL. These coefficients are universal for any universal spin-2 model where spin-2 particle couples to the Standard Model (SM) particles with equal strength. We use these coefficients in predicting N3LO SV results as well as matched NNLO+NNLL results for invariant mass distribution for Drell-Yan (DY) production in RS model. We performed a detailed phenomenological analysis and present our results in terms of mass dependent K-factors for the 13 TeV centre-of-mass energy at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for the search of such RS Kaluza-Klein (KK) resonances. The NNLO cross-section adds about 21% correction to the next-to-leading order (NLO) results. We found that the SV correction at the N3LO order decreases the cross-section by 0.7% near the first KK resonance (M1 = 1500 GeV) whereas the resummed result shows an increment over NNLO by 7% of LO. We performed a detailed analysis including scale variation and parton distribution function (PDF) variations. These new results provide an opportunity to stringently constrain the parameters of the model in particular in the search of heavy spin-2 resonances at the LHC.
Excited states of one-dimensional defect CFTs from the quantum spectral curve
Authors: Grabner David , Gromov Nikolay , Julius Julius 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We study the anomalous dimension of the cusped Maldacena-Wilson line in planar $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Yang-Mills theory with scalar insertions using the Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC) method. In the straight line limit we interpret the excited states of the QSC as insertions of scalar operators coupled to the line. Such insertions were recently intensively studied in the context of the one-dimensional defect CFT. We compute a five-loop perturbative result analytically at weak coupling and the first four orders in the $$ 1/\sqrt{\uplambda} $$
1
/

λ

expansion at strong coupling, confirming all previous analytic results. In addition, we find the non- perturbative spectrum numerically and show that it interpolates smoothly between the weak and strong coupling predictions.
Microstructural Alterations Analogous to Accelerated Aging of the Cerebral Cortex in Carotid Occlusive Disease
Authors: Seiler Alexander , Brandhofe Annemarie , Gracien René-Maxime , Pfeilschifter Waltraud , Hattingen Elke , Deichmann Ralf , Nöth Ulrike , Wagner Marlies 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate cortical thickness and cortical quantitative T2 values as imaging markers of microstructural tissue damage in patients with unilateral high-grade internal carotid artery occlusive disease (ICAOD).

Methods
A total of 22 patients with ≥70% stenosis (mean age 64.8 years) and 20 older healthy control subjects (mean age 70.8 years) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-resolution quantitative (q)T2 mapping. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) controlling for age and white matter lesion volume were employed to investigate the effect of ICAOD on imaging parameters of cortical microstructural integrity in multivariate analyses.

Results
There was a significant main effect (p < 0.05) of the group (patients/controls) on both cortical thickness and cortical qT2 values with cortical thinning and increased cortical qT2 in patients compared to controls, irrespective of the hemisphere. The presence of upstream carotid stenosis had a significant main effect on cortical qT2 values (p = 0.01) leading to increased qT2 in the poststenotic hemisphere, which was not found for cortical thickness. The GLMM showed that in general cortical thickness was decreased and cortical qT2 values were increased with increasing age (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Unilateral high-grade carotid occlusive disease is associated with widespread cortical thinning and prolongation of cortical qT2, presumably reflecting hypoperfusion-related microstructural cortical damage similar to accelerated aging of the cerebral cortex. Cortical thinning and increase of cortical qT2 seem to reflect different aspects and different pathophysiological states of cortical degeneration. Quantitative T2 mapping might be a sensitive imaging biomarker for early cortical microstructural damage.
Zero Mach Number Limit of the Compressible Primitive Equations: Well-Prepared Initial Data
Authors: Liu Xin , Titi Edriss S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis work concerns the zero Mach number limit of the compressible primitive equations. The primitive equations with the incompressibility condition are identified as the limiting equations. The convergence with well-prepared initial data (i.e., initial data without acoustic oscillations) is rigorously justified, and the convergence rate is shown to be of order$$ \mathcal {O}(\varepsilon ) $$O(ε), as$$ \varepsilon \rightarrow 0^+ $$ε→0+, where$$ \varepsilon $$εrepresents the Mach number. As a byproduct, we construct a class of global solutions to the compressible primitive equations, which are close to the incompressible flows.
Towards Establishing Criteria for the Ethical Analysis of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Farisco Michele , Evers Kathinka , Salles Arleen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEthical reflection on Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a priority. In this article, we propose a methodological model for a comprehensive ethical analysis of some uses of AI, notably as a replacement of human actors in specific activities. We emphasize the need for conceptual clarification of relevant key terms (e.g., intelligence) in order to undertake such reflection. Against that background, we distinguish two levels of ethical analysis, one practical and one theoretical. Focusing on the state of AI at present, we suggest that regardless of the presence of intelligence, the lack of morally relevant features calls for caution when considering the role of AI in some specific human activities.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of a 7-panel mutation testing in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology: the SWEETMAC study
Authors: Bardet Stéphane , Goardon Nicolas , Lequesne Justine , Vaur Dominique , Ciappuccini Renaud , Leconte Alexandra , Monpeyssen Hervé , Saguet-Rysanek Virginie , Clarisse Bénédicte , Lasne-Cardon Audrey , Ménégaux Fabrice , Leenhardt Laurence , Buffet Camille 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this prospective study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01880203) was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of a 7-panel mutation testing in the aspirates of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology (IC).

Methods
Eligible patients had a thyroid nodule ≥15 mm with IC (Bethesda III–V) for which surgery had been recommended. Detection of BRAF and RAS mutations was performed using pyrosequencing and RET/PTC and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangements using Real-Time quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Results
Among 131 nodules with IC, 21 (16%) were malignant including 20 differentiated cancers and one thyroid lymphoma. Molecular abnormalities were identified in 15 nodules with IC corresponding to 10 malignant and 5 benign tumours. BRAF mutation was detected in 4 nodules all corresponding to classic PTC, and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement in 2 HCC. In contrast, RAS mutation was identified in eight nodules, of which four were malignant, and one RET/PTC3 rearrangement in a follicular adenoma. This data resulted in an accuracy of 88%, sensitivity of 48%, specificity of 95%, positive-predictive value of 67%, and negative-predictive value of 91%. After a 56 month’s follow-up, the proportion of excellent response was similar in patients with molecular alterations (67%) and those without (60%).

Conclusions
By increasing the overall risk of cancer from 16 to 67% in mutated nodules and by diminishing it to 9% in wild-type, this study confirms the relevance of the 7-panel mutation testing in the diagnostic of nodules with IC. Genetic testing, however, did not predict outcome in the cancer patient subgroup.
Consensus recommendations of three-dimensional visualization for diagnosis and management of liver diseases
Authors: Fang Chihua , An Jihyun , Bruno Antonio , Cai Xiujun , Fan Jia , Fujimoto Jiro , Golfieri Rita , Hao Xishan , Jiang Hongchi , Jiao Long R. , Kulkarni Anand V. , Lang Hauke , Lesmana Cosmas Rinaldi A. , Li Qiang , Liu Lianxin , Liu Yingbin , Lau Wanyee , Lu Qiping , Man Kwan , Maruyama Hitoshi , Mosconi Cristina , Örmeci Necati , Pavlides Michael , Rezende Guilherme , Sohn Joo Hyun , Treeprasertsuk Sombat , Vilgrain Valérie , Wen Hao , Wen Sai , Quan Xianyao , Ximenes Rafael , Yang Yinmo , Zhang Bixiang , Zhang Weiqi , Zhang Peng , Zhang Shaoxiang , Qi Xiaolong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) visualization involves feature extraction and 3D reconstruction of CT images using a computer processing technology. It is a tool for displaying, describing, and interpreting 3D anatomy and morphological features of organs, thus providing intuitive, stereoscopic, and accurate methods for clinical decision-making. It has played an increasingly significant role in the diagnosis and management of liver diseases. Over the last decade, it has been proven safe and effective to use 3D simulation software for pre-hepatectomy assessment, virtual hepatectomy, and measurement of liver volumes in blood flow areas of the portal vein; meanwhile, the use of 3D models in combination with hydrodynamic analysis has become a novel non-invasive method for diagnosis and detection of portal hypertension. We herein describe the progress of research on 3D visualization, its workflow, current situation, challenges, opportunities, and its capacity to improve clinical decision-making, emphasizing its utility for patients with liver diseases. Current advances in modern imaging technologies have promised a further increase in diagnostic efficacy of liver diseases. For example, complex internal anatomy of the liver and detailed morphological features of liver lesions can be reflected from CT-based 3D models. A meta-analysis reported that the application of 3D visualization technology in the diagnosis and management of primary hepatocellular carcinoma has significant or extremely significant differences over the control group in terms of intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, recovery of postoperative liver function, operation time, hospitalization time, and tumor recurrence on short-term follow-up. However, the acquisition of high-quality CT images and the use of these images for 3D visualization processing lack a unified standard, quality control system, and homogeneity, which might hinder the evaluation of application efficacy in different clinical centers, causing enormous inconvenience to clinical practice and scientific research. Therefore, rigorous operating guidelines and quality control systems need to be established for 3D visualization of liver to develop it to become a mature technology. Herein, we provide recommendations for the research on diagnosis and management of 3D visualization in liver diseases to meet this urgent need in this research field.
Strategy to Detect Genetically Modified Bacteria Carrying Tetracycline Resistance Gene in Fermentation Products
Authors: Fraiture Marie-Alice , Deckers Marie , Papazova Nina , Roosens Nancy H. C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnexpected contaminations of unauthorized genetically modified microorganisms (GMM) harbouring antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in food and feed enzymes, additives and flavourings commercialized on the European market have recently alerted the competent authorities regarding the food and feed safety. At the control level, we have therefore proposed a PCR-based strategy as first line screening targeting GMM carrying AMR genes in order to help enforcement laboratories. The potential presence of frequently used AMR genes is first investigated, using real-time PCR. In case of a suspicious matrix, the full-length of the detected AMR genes is then determined, using conventional PCR followed by Sanger sequencing, allowing to support the competent authorities in their evaluation related to potential health risks. In this study, PCR methods targeting an additional key AMR gene, being the tet-L gene (GenBank: D00946.1) conferring a resistance to tetracycline, were developed and successfully assessed in terms of specificity, sensitivity and applicability. In integrating these PCR methods, the proposed PCR-based strategy, initially targeting two key AMR genes conferring a resistance to chloramphenicol (GenBank: NC_002013.1) and kanamycin (GenBank: M19465.1), is consequently strengthened, allowing the coverage of a larger spectrum of potential GMM contaminations in microbial fermentation products.
Optimization of non-ionic surfactants for removing emulsified oil from gas condensate oil–water emulsion in N oilfield
Authors: Lv Peng , Liu Yigang , Zhang Yunbao , Sun Limei , Meng Xianxing , Meng Xianghai , Zou Jian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to obtain effective and economical chemical agents for treatment of oily water fromNoilfield. Component characterization of crude oil fromNoilfield was carried out with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Optimization of non-ionic surfactants combined with dissolved air flotation (DAF) for oil removal was investigated. The results show that the crude oil consisted of nine major components which counted for 96.4% of the total composition, and the first four compounds made up 50% of the total composition. For the first four compounds, the density difference between water and each individual compound is smaller than the difference between water and normal alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms, while the solubility of these four compounds in water is greater than that of normal alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms. The characteristic of both density and solubility of the crude oil increased the oil water separation difficulty in DAF progress. The oil content in oily water fromNoilfield without any treatment was 5285.95 mg/L. The oil content after treatment of DAF without any chemicals was 895.53 mg/L. Non-ionic surfactantsNIS1,NIS2andNIS3all were effective for removing emulsified oil in oily water in DAF progress. 1200 mg/LNIS1combined with DAF was the optimized formulation by the view of efficiency and economy. The formulation could be successfully used as a commercial product inNoilfield.
Highly purified chondroitin sulfate: a literature review on clinical efficacy and pharmacoeconomic aspects in osteoarthritis treatment
Authors: Reginster Jean-Yves , Veronese Nicola 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent musculoskeletal disease and a major cause of negative relevant outcomes, associated with an ever-increasing societal burden. Pharmaceutical-grade chondroitin sulfate (CS) was repeatedly reported to reduce pain and improve function in patients with OA. This article aims to review the evidence for the role of highly purified (hp) CS (Condrosulf®, IBSA) in the treatment of OA. We collected and reported evidence concerning (1) efficacy of hpCS 800 mg/day in the treatment of OA affecting the knee, hand and hip; (2) efficacy and safety of hpCS 1200 mg/day also in the oral gel formulation; (3) the safety profile of hpCS; (4) the difference of hpCS and pharmaceutical-grade formulations versus food supplements; (5) pharmacoeconomic added value of hpCS. The data support that hpCS is an effective and safe treatment of OA, with its effect already evident at 30 days; in addition, its beneficial action is prolonged, being maintained for at least 3 months after the drug is discontinued. Full safety reports’ analyses confirm that CS is safe to use and has almost no side effects, in particular, it showed better gastrointestinal tolerance if compared with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Moreover, the therapeutic strategy has proved to be cost-effective: treatment with CS reduced the use of NSAIDs and their side effects.
Are Accounting Standards Memes? The Survival of Accounting Evolution in an Age of Regulation
Authors: Rutherford Brian A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper employs memetics to argue against the view that standardisation overwhelms the evolution of accounting. I suggest that, in an unregulated setting, accounting procedures constitute classic memes and survive according to their fitness for their environment, which is predominantly a matter of their suitability for investment decision-making. In a standardising regime, the standardising canon embodies a special kind of meme encoding ideas as actions to be imitated to realise those ideas. Evolutionary pressures and the canon develop in tandem, although not necessarily synchronously.If we accept the central tenet of memetics, which is also the assumption underlying the argument challenged here, that memes emerging before regulation were responsive to evolutionary pressures, we can analyse the responsiveness of the standardising canon by examining its relationship to a counterfactual continuation of the pre-regulated regime. The degree of synchronicity is an empirical, but elusive, question and we should follow Dennett’s recommendation that we settle for the philosophical realisations we can glean from memetics.I argue that three factors are of importance in addressing the question. Accounting memes function within a dense ecology, limiting radical and destabilising change. There has been a high degree of continuity, permeability and commonality in the intellection driving development: the same thinking has influenced policy design wherever it has taken place. Finally, the principal determinant of successful adaptation did not change on the transition to standardisation and the canon and its vehicles have survived. Consequently, we can conclude that standardisation has not disrupted the development of accounting.
Conditional Adversarial Networks for Multimodal Photo-Realistic Point Cloud Rendering
Authors: Peters Torben , Brenner Claus 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate whether conditional generative adversarial networks (C-GANs) are suitable for point cloud rendering. For this purpose, we created a dataset containing approximately 150,000 renderings of point cloud–image pairs. The dataset was recorded using our mobile mapping system, with capture dates that spread across 1 year. Our model learns how to predict realistically looking images from just point cloud data. We show that we can use this approach to colourize point clouds without the usage of any camera images. Additionally, we show that by parameterizing the recording date, we are even able to predict realistically looking views for different seasons, from identical input point clouds.
“I Need to Start Listening to What my Body Is Telling Me.”: Does Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Help People with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome?
Authors: O’Dowd Bridie , Griffith Gemma M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) was lightly adapted for participants diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The aim of the study was to explore participants’ experiences of the MBCT course, with a particular focus on how they applied MBCT to living with and coping with the symptoms of CFS. Nine participants with CFS who completed the MBCT course were interviewed using semi-structured interview methods. Inductive thematic analysis, a methodology designed to generate themes from the “bottom up,” was used. Four superordinate themes were generated from the data: (1) awareness of unhelpful behavioral patterns associated with CFS, (2) benefits of group solidarity, (3) use of mindfulness tools to facilitate shifts in behavioral patterns, and (4) a sense of change and agency. Participants became aware of three specific transformative changes that contributed to a more skillful way of living with CFS: development of acceptance, improved self-care and self-compassion, and reduction in heightened stress response. MBCT appears to enable people with CFS to actively work with their symptoms, and make transformative changes in their behavioral patterns, resulting in benefits to well-being.