bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary Tract Infection in Nephrotic Syndrome in Pediatric Age Group: A Hospital Based Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Samanta Subhendu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background::Nephrotic syndrome, characterized by the presence of heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema and hyperlipidemia, is a common renal disorder in pediatric population. Aim of this study were to find out the prevalence of UTI in nephrotic syndrome, bacterial etiologies and antibiotic sensitivity pattern.Methods:After matching the criteria, 82 cases, were taken for this prospective, single center, observational study.The diagnosis was confirmed by bacterial culture.This is an institution based cross-sectional descriptive observational study. All newly diagnosed and relapse cases of nephrotic syndrome based on inclusion exclusion criteria was included in this study. Respondent was either of the parents or caregiver of the study subjects. Analysis of all data was done by appropriate statistical software(SPSS-23).Results:Among 82 participants evaluated with nephrotic syndrome 29.3% participants had Urinary Tract Infection ,majority66.7%were asymptomatic and 33.3% were symptomatic. Significant microscopic hematuria were found in 20.7% study subjects and significant pyuria were found in 58.54% study subjects. Majority of UTI caused by E.coli 33.3% followed by Klebsiella 25%,Proteus16.7%,Staphylococcus aureus 12.5% ,Citrobacter,Acenetobacter and mixed growth werefound in 4.2%each.Mean serum cholesterol of group with UTI was 422.13±34.65 and group without Urinary Tract Infection was307.43±26.13.The variation amongst the two groups were found to be significant (P=0.0001).Conclusions:The children with nephrotic syndrome are frequently predisposed to Urinary Tract Infection and in most cases it is asymptomatic, often undiagnosed. Higher serum cholesterol level may predispose the nephrotic child for Urinary Tract Infection.
Molecular dynamics simulation and experimental study of the surface-display of SPA protein via Lpp-OmpA system for screening of IgG
Authors: Vahed M , Ramezani F , Tafakori V. , Mirbagheri V.S. , Najafi A. , Ahmadian Gholamreza 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is a major bacterial virulence factor of Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus is capable of escaping from immune system recognition by the surface display of protein A. The SpA protein is broadly used to purify immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. This study investigates the ability of the fusion of Lpp’-OmpA (46−159) to anchor and display five repeat domains of protein A with 295 residues length (SpA295) of S. aureus on the Escherichia coli cell surface to develop a novel bioadsorbent.First, the binding between Lpp’-OmpA-SPA295 and IgGFc and anticipation of this structure was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. Then high IgG recovery from human serum by the surface-displayed system of Lpp’-OmpA-SPA295 performed experimentally. In silico analysis showed the binding potential of SPA295 to IgG after surface expression on LPP-OmpA. Surface-engineered E. coli displaying SpA protein and IgG-binding assay with SDS-PAGE analysis exhibited the high potential of the expressed complex on the surface of E. coli for IgG recapture from human serum which is applicable to conventional immune precipitation.
Survival Benefit of Cytoreductive Surgery prior to Bevacizumab for Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma: A Single-center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Yamaguchi Shigeru , Motegi Hiroaki , Ishi Yukitomo , Okamoto Michinari , Sawaya Ryosuke , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Terasaka Shunsuke , Houkin Kiyohiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Bevacizumab (BEV) is a key anti-angiogenic agent in the treatment for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The aim of this study was to investigate whether cytoreductive surgery prior to treatment with BEV contributes to prolongation of survival for patients with recurrent GBM.
Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the treatment outcomes of 124 patients with recurrent GBM who were initially treated with the Stupp protocol in our institution between 2006 and 2019. Given that BEV has only been available in Japan since 2013, we grouped the patients into 2 groups according to the time of first recurrence: the pre-BEV group (N = 51) included patients who had a recurrence before BEV approval, and the BEV group (N = 73) included patients with recurrence after BEV approval. The overall survival after first recurrence (OS-R) according to treatment strategy was analyzed. In addition, multivariate analysis using Cox’s proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the impact of clinical factors on OS-R after cytoreductive surgery in the patients with recurrent GBM.
Results

Among 124 patients, 27 patients (19.4%) received cytoreductive surgery: 9 cases in the pre-BEV group and 18 cases in the BEV group. Although the mean extent of resection of both groups was almost equal (92.2% pre-BEV group and 93.3% BEV group), OS-R was significantly different: median OS-R was 8.1 m in the pre-BEV group and 16.3 m in the BEV group, respectively (P = 0.007). Multivariate analysis revealed that the unavailability of BEV postoperatively (P = 0.03) and decreasing performance status caused by surgery (P = 0.01) were significant poor prognostic factors for survival after cytoreductive surgery in the patients with recurrent GBM.
Conclusions

With the advent of BEV, cytoreductive surgery might provide superior survival benefit at the time of GBM recurrence, especially in cases where surgery can be performed without deteriorating the patient’s condition.
Incorporating Breast Cancer Recurrence Events Into Population-Based Cancer Registries Using Medical Claims: Cohort Study
Authors: A'mar Teresa , Beatty J David , Fedorenko Catherine , Markowitz Daniel , Corey Thomas , Lange Jane , Schwartz Stephen M , Huang Bin , Chubak Jessica , Etzioni Ruth 
Published: June 2020

Background
There is a need for automated approaches to incorporate information on cancer recurrence events into population-based cancer registries.

Objective
The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of a novel data mining algorithm to extract information from linked registry and medical claims data on the occurrence and timing of second breast cancer events (SBCE).

Methods
We used supervised data from 3092 stage I and II breast cancer cases (with 394 recurrences), diagnosed between 1993 and 2006 inclusive, of patients at Kaiser Permanente Washington and cases in the Puget Sound Cancer Surveillance System. Our goal was to classify each month after primary treatment as pre- versus post-SBCE. The prediction feature set for a given month consisted of registry variables on disease and patient characteristics related to the primary breast cancer event, as well as features based on monthly counts of diagnosis and procedure codes for the current, prior, and future months. A month was classified as post-SBCE if the predicted probability exceeded a probability threshold (PT); the predicted time of the SBCE was taken to be the month of maximum increase in the predicted probability between adjacent months.

Results
The Kaplan-Meier net probability of SBCE was 0.25 at 14 years. The month-level receiver operating characteristic curve on test data (20% of the data set) had an area under the curve of 0.986. The person-level predictions (at a monthly PT of 0.5) had a sensitivity of 0.89, a specificity of 0.98, a positive predictive value of 0.85, and a negative predictive value of 0.98. The corresponding median difference between the observed and predicted months of recurrence was 0 and the mean difference was 0.04 months.

Conclusions
Data mining of medical claims holds promise for the streamlining of cancer registry operations to feasibly collect information about second breast cancer events.
Social-Child-Case Document Clustering based on Topic Modeling using Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Authors: Tresnasari Nur Annisa , Adji Teguh Bharata , Permanasari Adhistya Erna 
Published: June 2020

Children are the future of the nation. All treatment and learning they get would affect their future. Nowadays, there are various kinds of social problems related to children. To ensure the right solution to their problem, social workers usually refer to the social-child-case (SCC) documents to find similar cases in the past and adapting the solution of the cases. Nevertheless, to read a bunch of documents to find similar cases is a tedious task and needs much time. Hence, this work aims to categorize those documents into several groups according to the case type. We use topic modeling with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) approach to extract topics from the documents and classify them based on their similarities. The Coherence Score and Perplexity graph are used in determining the best model. The result obtains a model with 5 topics that match the targeted case types. The result supports the process of reusing knowledge about SCC handling that ease the finding of documents with similar cases
Pharmacognostic Screening of Elaeis guineensis ( Aracaceae) Jacq. Oil and its Effect as an Antidote on Cyanide Poisoning
Authors: Osuala Felix N. , Odoh Uchenna E. , Muoneme Grace O. , Ohadoma Sylvester C. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Elaeis guinenesis is a perennial monocot belonging to the family Arecaceae. It is the source of the oil commonly called African palm oil or macaw fat which in traditional medicine has many uses
Aim: This study is focused on the pharmacognostic screening of oil of Elaeis guineensis, and its antidotal effect on cyanide poisoning.
Method: The extracted oil was subjected to various screening technique in order to determine its quality, purity and chemical constituents. The oil was macroscopically examined; acute toxicity test of Elaeis guineensis oil was carried out on rats. The oil was subjected to heating to determine the moisture content. Phytochemical analysis was also carried out on the palm oil extract. The physicochemical analysis was carried to determine the acid value, saponification value, ester value, hydroxyl value and iodine value. The Ld50 for the pure cyanide was carried out on the rats using “Up and Down” method. The antidotal study of Elaeis guineensis oil was carried out on the rats.
Result: Macroscopic evaluation showed, the oil was in fresh condition, smooth texture, bright red colour, characteristic taste, oily appearance and a characterictic smell. The Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponnins, alkaloids, steroids and terpenoids. The physicochemical analysis showed that the oil has an acid value of 31.2, Saponification value of 194.8, Ester value 163.54, Peroxide value of 18.0, Hydroxyl Percentage of 2.07% and Free Fatty Acid of 3.65. The moisture content was calculated to be 0.2%. For the acute toxicity test on the oil using Lorkes method no death was recorded. The LD50 of the cyanide carried out on the rats showed that the lethal dose of cyanide is 5 mg/kg. The antidotal effect of Elaeis guineensis oil showed the absence of death on the group given oil extract alone and the groups that were poisoned and given the oil (antidote) within 4 minutes. Deaths were recorded for the groups that were administered antidotes after 8 minutes.
Conclusion: Elaeis guineensis oil has counteracting effect on cyanide poisoning if administered within four minutes of cyanide ingestion.
Comparative Biological Activity Profile of Nava (Freshly Collected) and Purana (Old) Dhanyaka (Coriandrum sativum Linn.) through Gas Chromatography and In-Vitro Anti-Microbial Study
Authors: Chaithra , , Mallya Suma V , Prabhu Suchitra 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Dhanyaka(Coriandrum sativum Linn.) belonging to family Apiaceae is one such common aromatic edible herb, the fruits of which are used as carminative, antimicrobial and cooling. Classical texts of Ayurveda advocate these fruits to be used in old condition. With this background, a study was done to compare biological activity profile of Nava and Purana Dhanyaka(Coriandrum sativum Linn.) through, Gas chromatography and in-vitro anti-microbial activity. Materials and methods: Fresh fruits of Dhanyaka(Coriandrum sativum Linn.) were collected from Rona, Gadag district and authenticated. The fresh fruits named as S1 with which essential oil extracted using clevengers apparatus. Few fruits were kept in an air tight container and stored for one year, and at the end of a year named as sample(S2), essential oil extracted and stored. Both samples were subjected for GC and in-vitro antimicrobial activity. Results and Discussion: The Essential oil of Nava Dhanyaka(S1) included 17 identified compounds which was dominated by monoterpenes and sesquiterpene; whereas S2 showed 6 identified compounds in which 3 constituents isoborneol, citronellyl acetate and geraniol were new findings. In-vitro anti-microbial study of essential oil extract showed that Purana Dhanyaka(S2) had better efficacy with respect to the standard against the strain Escherichia coli and Candida albicans; whereas that of Nava Dhanyaka(S1) against only one bacterial strain ie., Streptococcus pyogens. Conclusion: Preservation of Dhanyaka(Coriandrum sativum Linn.) showed biological changes in terms of antimicrobial activity compared to fresh sample.
Key words: Dhanyaka, Coriandrum sativum Linn., Gas chromatography, In-vitro antimicrobial study)
A Study on Medication Adherence and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Varghese Christeena S , Naik Harshita Krishna , Sangeetha R , Srinivasan R 
Published: June 2020

Back ground: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the most common health related problem. Poor long term adherence is the major clinical issue in the management of CKD. Therefore good medication adherence is important to obtain desired therapeutic outcome which in turn improves the quality of life of the patient. The aim of the study is to carry out a study on medication adherence and to improve health related quality of life in patients with CKD.
Objectives: To evaluate medication adherence and to assess the factors associated with non adherence and to provide patient counselling to improve medication adherence and to improve their quality of life.
Methods: A prospective study conducted for a period of six months in NU Hospitals Bengaluru. A total of 140 patients (62 were undergoing hemodialysis, 66 were CKD stage 3-5 and 12 were post-transplant patients) were enrolled for the study. Patient’s adherence to medication was assessed with the help of Modified Morisky, Green, Levine Medication Adherence Scale and Quality of life was assessed with the help of Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form 36 questionnaire. One to one follow up was done after 3 months of initial data collection.
Results: During the study 140 patients were enrolled for the study with 103 males and 37 females. Patient with low and medium adherence during the first visit were 7 (5%) and 21 (45%) respectively and patients with high adherence during baseline visit were 80%, which later improved to 85.7% in the final review after patient counselling. Quality of life is decreased in patients with CKD. The domain with highest average score was emotional well being (8.4) and lowest average score was role limitation due to physical health (4.12). There was a slight improvement in Quality of Life of the patients after patient counselling.
Conclusion: Study suggests that patient counselling by clinical pharmacists can improve the medication adherence by improving awareness about medication which in turn helps them to achieve a better quality of life.
COVID-19: A Global Pandemic of 21st Century
Authors: Budholiya Prabhakar , Ali Abdul Wajid , Gunwan Deepshikha , Sahil Sana , Tyagi C.K. , Sharma Hemant 
Published: June 2020

In last of 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention started monitoring the outbreak of a new corona virus, SARS-CoV-2, which causes the respiratory illness now known as COVID-19. Authorities first identified the virus in Wuhan, China. More than 82542 case of Corona virus in China at 31 March 2020. Health authorities have identified many other people with COVID-19 around the world. On 31 March 2020, the virus spread more than 750890 People in the World. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a public health emergency relating to COVID-19. Since then, this strain has been diagnosed in several residents of world. The CDC have advised that it is likely to spread to more people. COVID-19 has affected at least 213 countries or territories or areas. The first people with COVID-19 had links to an animal and seafood market. This fact suggested that animals initially transmitted the virus to humans. However, people with a more recent diagnosis had no connections with or exposure to the market, confirming that humans can pass the virus to each other. Corona viruses will infect most people at some time during their lifetime. Corona viruses can mutate effectively, which makes them so contagious. Information on the virus is scarce at present. In the past, respiratory conditions that develop from corona viruses, such as SARS and MERS, have spread through close contacts. On 17 February 2020, the Director-General of the WHO presented at a media briefing the following updates on how often the symptoms of COVID-19.However, while some viruses are highly contagious, it is less clear how rapidly corona viruses will spread. Symptoms vary from person-to-person with COVID-19. It may produce few or no symptoms. However, it can also lead to severe illness and may be fatal. On 11 March 2020, WHO declared Novel Corona virus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak as a Pandemic.
Keywords: WHO, ICMR, SARS-CoV-2, Bats, Wuhan City, Pneumonia, Respiratory Infection, Pandemic
The Influence of Green Tea Infusion (Camellia sinensis) on Renal Histopathological Overview of Male White Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) Sprague Dawley Strain Induced by Ethanol
Authors: Muhartono Muhartono , Fitriana Katya Rizqita 
Published: June 2020

Aims: This sudy aims to determine the effect infusion of green tea (Camellia sinensis) to the renal histopathology picture of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Sprague dawley strain ethanol-induced.
Methods: This study used 30 rats divided into 5 groups. The negative control (K-) was given distilled water 2 mL/day, the positive control (K +) was given ethanol 2 mL/day, the treatment group (P1, P2, P3) was given ethanol 2 mL and green tea infusion with respective doses of 0.375, 0.75 and 1.5 grams orally for 14 days. Then the renal retrieval is done to be examined microscopically.
Results: The mean kidney damage score obtained was K- = 0.36; K + = 3.24; P1 = 2.52; P2 = 2,4; and P3 = 2.2. Data analysis with One Way Anova Test and continued with Pos Hoc and found significant differences in K- to K+, P1, P2, P3; K+ is significant to K-, P1, P2, P3; and P1, P2, P3 are significant to K- & K+.
Conclusion: There is an effect of infusion of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on the renal histopathological picture of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) ethanol-induced Sprague dawley strain.
Keywords: alcohol, antioxidant, ethanol, green tea, renal histopathology
A Review: Divergent Emerging Strategies to Tackle Challenging Covid-19
Authors: Puri Sudha Unmesh , Bhimanwar Arti Akash , Vaidya Mrunal Mukesh 
Published: June 2020

Background: Contemplating the severity of pandemic sequel for public health many researchers are working recklessly for new targeted drugs and vaccines. Despite the challenging opportunities, the setup for the development of new effective remedy against COVID-19 is unforeseeable.
Objective: The aim of the present review was to explore the work done by some authors to battle against COVID-19.
Material & Method: We analysed 24 articles from Elsevier and one from J Med virology journals stating different strategies to cope with this recently arrived monster COVID-19. Further are some targeting therapies viz., Niclosamide, immune response generated by cytotoxic T-cells and Natural Killer cells, Chloroquine and Hydroxy Chloroquine, blockade of Interleukin17, N- Acetylcysteine, mucolytic agents, oxytocin, bioflavonoids, triterpenoid saponins, ACE inhibitors or AII receptor antagonists, Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, serum albumin, Ritonavir, Tocilizumab, Furin, Amantadine, pioglitazone, Dapsone and doxycycline, steroids, plasama therapy, routine childhood immunization, a data-driven hypothesis on the epigenetic dysregulation of host metabolism by SARS corona viral infection, lipid metabolism has been proposed as a treatment target for COVID-19, COVIDiagnosis-Net proposed network for quick and accurate diagnosis.
Result: We got to know how the people are struggling to find a cure for this pandemic affair.
Conclusion: Till date, there is no specific treatment that has been confirmed to the effect against COVID-19. Let’s hope for the best.
Key words: COVID-19, Novel Corona Virus Infection-2019, SARS-CoV2, Plasma therapy, Immunomodulators
Sexual Violence and its Associated Factors among Female High School Students in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hailu Koyra , Mekuanint Argo , Niguse Kara , Efrata Tufa 
Published: June 2020

Background: Sexual violence is a major concern of society as physical and mental harm endured by women is extremely destructive. However, little is known about sexual violence within the study area. Therefore, current study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of sexual violence among female high school students in Soddo town, Southern Ethiopia.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted using pretested, structured self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS and the presence of association was assessed using bivariate test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to control confounding effects and the strength of association was estimated in odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.
Results: The prevalence of life time rape among female students was found to be 25.8%. The odds of experiencing life time rape was higher among students who had more than one sexual partner (AOR= 9.11; 5.52, 15.04). Substance abuse is significantly associated with life time rape that the chance of experiencing rape among students who were chewing chat was higher (AOR=6.09; 1.57, 23.69) than their counterparts.
Conclusion: High level of rape among female high school students was found in Sodo town. Chewing chat and having more than one sexual partner had statistically significant association with life time rape.
Keywords: Sexual violence, Wolaita, Ethiopia, Soddo
E-PHARMACY IMPACTS ON SOCIETY AND PHARMA SECTOR IN ECONOMICAL PANDEMIC SITUATION: A REVIEW
Authors: Singh Himani , Majumdar A , Malviya N 
Published: June 2020

Four month ago, nobody knows about covid-19 but now this virus has spread to almost every country, infecting at least 3,062515 people and death approx 211449 people with badly impact on economies of the most countries and also broken their health-care systems. At this time covid-19 disease is almost spreading all over the world and society. Majorly Pharmacy services act as a pillar at this pandemic situation for the public health. China is the first country where covid-19 outbreak started and some current data of consumer behavior and their habits are showed that society take some safe and preventive measures during lockdown and social distancing time which increase growth of ecommerce demand is inevitable. Now a day’s e-pharmacy is being adapted because medications can be ordered in a one click and conveniently delivered to customer door step with some risk like misuse of drugs and self-medication especially for those drugs which comes under the schedule H and X. This review paper focus on the basic issues and challenges related to online pharmacy and how can it be beneficial to society and pharma sectors in the pandemic situation.
Keywords: Online Pharmacy, Internet, Corona virus, Pandemic situation, Pharmaceutical sector.