bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conventional and new electrocardiographic criteria for hypertension‐mediated cardiac organ damage: A narrative review
Authors: Miceli Francesca , Presta Vivianne , Citoni Barbara , Canichella Flaminia , Figliuzzi Ilaria , Ferrucci Andrea , Volpe Massimo , Tocci Giuliano 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHypertension‐mediated organ damage (HMOD) is frequently observed in hypertensive patients at different cardiovascular (CV) risk profile. This may have both diagnostic and therapeutic implications for the choice of the most appropriate therapies. Among different markers of HMOD, the most frequent functional and structural adaptations can be observed at cardiac level, including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction, aortic root dilatation, and left atrial enlargement. In particular, LVH was shown to be a strong and independent risk factor for major CV events, namely myocardial infarction, stroke, congestive heart failure, CV death. Thus, early identification of LVH is a key element for preventing CV events in hypertension. Although echocardiographic assessment of LVH represents the gold standard technique, this is not cost‐effective and cannot be adopted in routine clinical practice of hypertension. On the other hand, electrocardiographic (ECG) assessment of HMOD relative to the heart is a simple, reproducible, widely available and cost‐effective method to assess the presence of LVH, and could be preferred in large scale screening tests. Several new indicators have been proposed and tested in observational studies and clinical trials of hypertension, in order to improve the relatively low sensitivity of the conventional ECG criteria for LVH, despite high specificity. This article reviews the differences in the use of the main conventional and the new 12 lead ECG criteria of LVH for early assessment of asymptomatic, subclinical cardiac HMOD in a setting of clinical practice of hypertension.
Melittin inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells by regulating key genes based on bioinformatics and experimental assays
Authors: Yao Jie , Zhang Zhan , Li Sheng , Li Bai , Wang Xing‐Huan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe antitumour effect of melittin (MEL) has recently attracted considerable attention. Nonetheless, information regarding the functional role of MEL in bladder cancer (BC) is currently limited. Herein, we investigated the effect of MEL on critical module genes identified in BC. In total, 2015 and 4679 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with BC were identified from the GSE31189 set and The Cancer Genome Atlas database, respectively. GSE‐identified DEGs were mapped and analysed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes analyses to determine BC‐involved crucial genes and signal pathways. Coupled with protein–protein interaction network and Molecular Complex Detection analyses, Modules 2 and 4 were highlighted in the progression of BC. In in‐vitro experiments, MEL inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of UM‐UC‐3 and 5637 cells. The expression of NRAS, PAK2, EGFR and PAK1 in Module 4—enriched in the MAPK signalling pathway—was significantly reduced after treatment with MEL at concentrations of 4 or 6 μg/mL. Finally, quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analyses revealed MEL inhibited the expression of genes at the mRNA (ERK1/2, ERK5, JNK and MEK5), protein (ERK5, MEK5, JNK and ERK1/2) and phosphorylation (p‐ERK1/2, p‐JNK, and p‐38) levels. This novel evidence indicates MEL exerts effects on the ERK5‐MAK pathway—a branch of MAPK signalling pathway. Collectively, these findings provide a theoretical basis for MEL application in BC treatment.
Inhibition of microRNA‐222 up‐regulates TIMP3 to promotes osteogenic differentiation of MSCs from fracture rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jiang Chenyi , Xia Wenyang , Wu Tianyi , Pan Chenhao , Shan Haojie , Wang Feng , Zhou Zubin , Yu Xiaowei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common diabetes and has numerous complications. Recent studies demonstrated that T2DM compromises bone fracture healing in which miR‐222 might be involved. Furthermore, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP‐3) that is the target of miR‐222 accelerates fracture healing. Therefore, we assume that miR‐222 could inhibit TIMP‐3 expression. Eight‐week‐old rats were operated femoral fracture or sham, following the injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes one week later in fractured rats, and then, new generated tissues were collected for measuring the expression of miR‐222 and TIMP‐3. Rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated and treated with miR‐222 mimic or inhibitor to analyse osteogenic differentiation. MiR‐222 was increased in fractured rats and further induced in diabetic rats. In contrast, TIMP‐3 was reduced in fractured and further down‐regulated in diabetic rats. Luciferase report assay indicated miR‐222 directly binds and mediated TIMP‐3. Furthermore, osteogenic differentiation was suppressed by miR‐222 mimic and promoted by miR‐222 inhibitor. miR‐222 is a key regulator that is promoted in STZ‐induced diabetic rats, and it binds to TIMP3 to reduce TIMP‐3 expression and suppressed MSCs’ differentiation.
Morphological and morphometric analysis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: a retrospective study
Authors: Filoni A. , Cicco G. , Lospalluti L. , Maglietta A. , Foti C. , Annichiarico G. , Resta L. , Bonamonte D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundRecessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a highly disabling genodermatosis characterized by skin and mucosal fragility and blistering. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most devastating complications, having a high morbidity and mortality rate. Patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa were reported to have up to a 70‐fold higher risk of developing cSCC than unaffected individuals. Immune cells play a role in cancer evolution.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to evaluate immunohistological differences between cSCC in patients with and without recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.MethodsA retrospective study of 25 consecutive cases was performed; five were biopsies of cSCC taken from five patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa; as controls we analysed 10 cSCC in subjects without recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (5 primitive, 3 postburns and 2 postradiotherapy), 5 cSCC in renal transplant recipients and 5 cutaneous pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.ResultsA significant reduction of CD3+, CD4+ and CD68+ between the cSCC in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa compared to primary cSCC and a significant reduction of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD20+ were observed in cSCC in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa compared to secondary cSCC. On the contrary, there was no difference in CD3+, CD8+, CD20+ and CD68+ expression when comparing cSCC in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa to cSCC in renal transplant recipients. No significant difference was found in size, histopathology, grading, number of mitoses and EGFR expression between the different groups.ConclusionsOur data show a reduction in immune cell peritumoral infiltration. Considering the well‐known evolution of cSCC in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, as well as the younger age at diagnosis, it can be assumed that immune dysfunction might contribute to the cSCC aggressiveness in these patients.
Assessing the impact of medication management review service for females diagnosed with depression and anxiety: A randomized control trial
Authors: AbuNaba'a Yasmeen , Basheti Iman A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesDepression and anxiety are common mental illnesses suffered by females worldwide. Females face treatment‐related problems (TRPs), including lack of adherence to their treatment. The Medication Management Review service (MMR) can be effective in identifying and resolving the TRPs. This study sought to assess the impact of the MMR service on identifying and resolving TRPs, improving adherence, depression, and anxiety scores in females diagnosed with depression and anxiety in Jordan.Design and settingsParticipants were recruited into this single‐blind parallel randomized controlled trial and randomized into active and control groups. A clinical pharmacist identified TRPs for all participants. Adherence, depression, and anxiety scores were assessed. Active group patients received the MMR service: pharmacist‐delivered counseling and a letter with recommended changes in the patient's treatment plan were sent to the patient's psychiatrist to be applied. Control group participants did not receive the intervention. Follow‐up assessments were completed for all patients at 3 months from baseline. Main outcome measures were TRPs, adherence, depression, and anxiety scores.ResultsStudy participants (n = 73; mean age = 41.8 [SD = 16.27]) had 177 TRPs identified, with 2.42(SD = 1.06) TRPs per patient. At baseline, only 54.8% of the participants reported to be adherent to their treatment, and no significant differences were found between the groups. At follow‐up, a significant decline in the number of TRPs was found for the active versus control group (active: 0.58[SD = 0.64], control: 1.78[SD = 1.13], P < .001). A significantly higher proportion of adherent patients was identified in the active (88.9%) versus control group (51.4%), P < .001. Significant improvements in the depression (P < .001) and anxiety (P = .003) scores were detected for the active versus control group.ConclusionThe MMR service led to a significant decrease in the number of TRPs, improved adherence, depression, and anxiety scores for females diagnosed with depression and anxiety.
The relationship of tooth shade and skin tone and its influence on the smile attractiveness
Authors: Di Murro Bianca , Gallusi Gianni , Nardi Roberto , Libonati Antonio , Angotti Vincenzo , Campanella Vincenzo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this clinical study was to determine if skin tone and tooth color had the same influence on smile attractiveness.Materials and MethodsA woman's smile photograph was digitally manipulated to create a range of images with varying colors. The skin shade was modified to create four tones (p1: light, p2: light medium, p3: medium dark, p4: dark) using the L'Oreal True Illusion shade as a guide. The tooth shade was modified in four different tones: A1, A2, A3, A4 using the VITAPAN Classical shade guide to produce 16 images. A sample of 328 participants rated each image for attractiveness by means of a visual analog scale (VAS). Comparison among groups was performed with a 2‐way ANOVA adjusted for multiple comparisons with the Bonferroni test (α = .05).ResultsImage (p3‐a1) showed the highest VAS values, while image (p1‐a4) obtained the lowest, (Bonferroni Test: a1 vs a2, a3, a4 P < .001; p3 vs p1, p2, p4 P < .001). Analysis performed for age, sex, level of education, and laypeople/dentists were not statistically significant (P > .05).ConclusionsVariations in tooth and skin tone can significantly influence the perception of smile attractiveness. In the tested conditions, a brighter tooth shade significantly affected the attractiveness of the smile independently from skin tone.Clinical SignificanceUnderstanding patient and dentist perception of the attractiveness of a smile with the important role‐played by skin tone, may help clinicians to better identify teeth shade, helping delivery of tailored prostheses and esthetic restorations.
Symposium Report: International Symposium on Ciliate Biology, India Habitat Centre, New Delhi, India, 04–06 April 2018
Authors: Kamra Komal , Kaur Harpreet ,   Shashi , Abraham Jeeva Susan , Somasundaram Sripoorna , Makhija Seema , Toteja Ravi , Warren Alan , Gupta Renu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCiliated protists have attracted wide interest among researchers from the Indian subcontinent in the last few years. An International Symposium on Ciliate Biology (ISCB) 2018 was held on 04–06 April 2018 at the India Habitat Centre, New Delhi, India. The symposium represented a synergy with International Research Coordination Network for Biodiversity of Ciliates (IRCN‐BC), an affiliate society of International Society of Protistologists (ISOP). The symposium provided a platform for Indian and International delegates to exchange knowledge, present their latest research findings, and establish collaborations as well as creating a networking opportunity for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Nine foreign delegates from 5 countries and 300 Indian delegates actively participated in the event which included 22 oral and 57 poster presentations.
Can transanal natural orifice specimen extraction after laparoscopic anterior resection for colorectal cancer reduce the inflammatory response?
Authors: Zhou Sicheng , Wang Xuewei , Zhao Chuanduo , Zhou Haitao , Pei Wei , Liang Jianwei , Zhou Zhixiang , Wang Xishan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and AimAvoiding abdominal incisions is one of the unique features of natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) surgery. There has been no consensus on whether the avoidance of abdominal incisions can reduce the systemic inflammatory response after NOSE surgery. This study was designed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of transanal NOSE, especially the inflammatory response after transanal NOSE versus mini‐laparotomy (LAP).MethodsA total of 172 colorectal cancer patients who underwent transanal NOSE were matched with 172 patients who underwent LAP for colorectal cancer. Clinical characteristics, pathological features, perioperative parameters, and indicators of the inflammatory response were collected and compared. The inflammatory response was assessed by measuring body temperature, neutrophil count, C‐reactive protein levels, and procalcitonin levels.ResultsPatients in the NOSE group had better short‐term outcomes, such as lower incidence of wound infection, less postoperative pain, less need for anesthetic drugs, and faster recovery of intestinal function. Regarding the inflammatory response, the average body temperature of patients in the NOSE group was higher on postoperative day (POD) 2 than that in the LAP group. A higher median neutrophil count and C‐reactive protein levels were observed in the NOSE group on POD3 and POD5 than was observed in the LAP group.ConclusionsTransanal NOSE is safe and feasible for colorectal cancer, with better short‐term outcomes. Although transanal NOSE produced a larger systemic inflammatory response than LAP in the early postoperative stages, this response did not appear to translate into infectious morbidity.
Do we still need a diverticuloscope for the flexible endoscopic septotomy of Zenker's diverticulum?
Authors: Bresteau Clément , Barret Maximilien , Guillaumot Marie‐Anne , Abou Ali Einas , Belle Arthur , Leblanc Sarah , Oudjit Ammar , Dohan Anthony , Coriat Romain , Chaussade Stanislas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and AimZenker's diverticulum (ZD) is the most common type of diverticulum in the esophagus. The endoscopic septotomy of the diverticular wall has become a widely accepted treatment modality, but the recurrence rate is unclear. Our aim was to assess short‐term and long‐term success rates after flexible endoscopic septotomy for the treatment of ZD.MethodsAll consecutive patients treated at our department for a ZD between November 2014 and September 2018 were included. Endoscopic septotomy was conducted using a diverticuloscope or a distal attachment cap. Data were retrospectively analyzed from a prospectively collected database. We collected data concerning patients, endoscopic procedures, and short‐term clinical outcomes. All patients were reached by phone between October and December 2018 to assess long‐term results.ResultsSeventy‐seven patients were referred to our department for a ZD. Sixty patients were treated using a diverticuloscope and 17 patients with a distal attachment cap. For all 77 patients, the myotomy was technically successful. Three patients treated with a diverticuloscope reported complications. Initial treatment success was 93%. After a mean (±SEM) follow up of 23 ± 2 months, 66% of patients had persistent clinical remission. The rate of long‐term treatment success was 72% in treatment‐naïve and 50% in previously treated patients (P = 0.13). Treatment success was 68% in patients treated with the diverticuloscope versus 60% in the group treated with a cap (P = 0.75).ConclusionThe flexible endoscopic septotomy for the treatment of ZD is a safe and effective treatment of ZD, with or without a diverticuloscope.
Editing of an effector gene promoter sequence impacts plant‐Phytophthora interaction
Authors: Ochola Sylvans , Huang Jie , Ali Haider , Shu Haidong , Shen Danyu , Qiu Min , Wang Liyuan , Li Xi , Chen Han , Kange Alex , Qutob Dinah , Dong Suomeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPathogen avirulence (Avr) effectors interplay with corresponding plant resistance (R) proteins and activate robust plant immune responses. Although the expression pattern of Avr genes has been tied to their functions for a long time, it is still not clear how Avr gene expression patterns impact plant‐microbe interactions. Here, we selected PsAvr3b, which shows a typical effector gene expression pattern from a soybean root pathogen Phytophthora sojae. To modulate gene expression, we engineered PsAvr3b promoter sequences by in situ substitution with promoter sequences from Actin (constitutive expression), PsXEG1 (early expression), and PsNLP1 (later expression) using the CRISPR/Cas9. PsAvr3b driven by different promoters resulted in distinct expression levels across all the tested infection time points. Importantly, those mutants with low PsAvr3b expression successfully colonized soybean plants carrying the cognate R gene Rps3b. To dissect the difference in plant responses to the PsAvr3b expression level, we conducted RNA‐sequencing of different infection samples at 24 h postinfection and found soybean immune genes, including a few previously unknown genes that are associated with resistance. Our study highlights that fine‐tuning in Avr gene expression impacts the compatibility of plant disease and provides clues to improve crop resistance in disease control management.
Self‐determination and future goals in a sample of adults with intellectual disability
Authors: Di Maggio I. , Shogren K. A. , Wehmeyer M. L. , Nota L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, increased attention has been directed towards the importance of identifying the future goals of people with intellectual disability (ID) and promoting their abilities to design their future. Consistent with these, the first aim of this study is to investigate the future goals of people with ID in terms of content and temporal distance. Moreover, the second aim of this study is to test the predictive role of self‐determination on the number of future goals reported by people with ID.MethodsIn this study, 96 young adults with ID were involved and a mixed method design was chosen. Specifically, qualitative procedures (consensual qualitative analyses) and quantitative procedures (structural equation modelling) were carried out.ResultsThe results showed that the future goals of people with ID are characterised by different factors related to autonomy, health/well‐being, interpersonal relations and personal growth. Moreover, self‐determination (assessed with Self‐Determination Questionnaire—Version for Adults) predicts a higher number of future goals reported by people with ID.ConclusionsThese results suggest the importance of providing adequate support to the development of self‐determination.
U.S. Banking Sector Operational Losses and the Macroeconomic Environment
Authors: ABDYMOMUNOV AZAMAT , CURTI FILIPPO , MIHOV ATANAS 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUsing supervisory data from large U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs), we find that BHCs incur more operational losses in adverse macroeconomic conditions driven significantly by the higher frequency and severity of tail events. Among different operational risk types, we find that losses from BHCs' failure to meet obligations to clients or from the design of their products are particularly countercyclical. We also show that larger and more leveraged BHCs have a higher macroeconomic sensitivity of operational risk. Overall, our findings provide new evidence regarding U.S. banking organizations' exposure to macroeconomic shocks with implications for risk management practices and supervisory policy.
Leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 and lysosomal dyshomeostasis in Parkinson disease
Authors: Cogo Susanna , Manzoni Claudia , Lewis Patrick A. , Greggio Elisa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOver the last two decades, a number of studies have underlined the importance of lysosomal‐based degradative pathways in maintaining the homeostasis of post‐mitotic cells, and revealed the remarkable contribution of a functional autophagic machinery in the promotion of longevity. In contrast, defects in the clearance of organelles and aberrant protein aggregates have been linked to accelerated neuronal loss and neurological dysfunction. Several neurodegenerative disorders, among which Alzheimer disease (AD), Frontotemporal dementia, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis to name a few, are associated with alterations of the autophagy and endo‐lysosomal pathways. In Parkinson disease (PD), the most prevalent genetic determinant, Leucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), is believed to be involved in the regulation of intracellular vesicle traffic, autophagy and lysosomal function. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms by which LRRK2 regulates lysosomal‐based degradative pathways in neuronal and non‐neuronal cells and discuss the impact of pathogenic PD mutations in contributing to lysosomal dyshomeostasis.
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Online comment‐based prediction of cosmetic ingredient's sensory irritation using gradient boosting algorithm
Authors: Jiang Biao , Wang Huijuan , Cheng Li , Zi Yusha , He Congfen , Den Yi‐Ann 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe worldwide prevalence of “sensitive skin” group is estimated at being close to 40%. The main trigger for sensitive skin is the misuse of cosmetics products. Majority of the in vitro studies on cosmetic ingredients developed for topical application to the skin are not able to describe sensory irritation, such as stinging, burning, itching, and tingling. Besides, most of the in vivo tests often encounter problems such as limited number of subjects and usage scenarios deviate from reality.ObjectiveA gradient boosting algorithm is adopted in our context to integrate multisource of information including skin types, sensory response, and cosmetics ingredients to predict sensory irritation.MethodIn this study, online comments were preprocessed to construct a multi‐dimensional structured data including skin types, sensory response, and cosmetics ingredients. A gradient boosting regression model was developed where sensory response was predicted based on the abovementioned structured input. The predictions were validated by in vivo test and were shown favorably when comparing with the state‐of‐the‐art results from related works.Result46 007 samples were collected after data cleaning and were used in model developing. Results showed that the model was capable to predict the sensory response of 16 skin types to different ingredients (R = 0.71, P < 10−10). In addition, this model was validated using data from in vivo studies and presented a value of 75% on specificity, 88.9% on sensitivity, and 82.4% on accuracy.ConclusionOur approach that is based on a variant of the gradient boosting algorithm provided an adequate solution for understanding the sensory irritation of cosmetic ingredients.