bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Parathyroidectomy on Quality of Life: 10 Years of Data From a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial on Primary Hyperparathyroidism (the SIPH-Study)
Authors: Pretorius Mikkel , Lundstam Karolina , Hellström Mikael , Fagerland Morten W , Godang Kristin , Mollerup Charlotte , Fougner Stine L , Pernow Ylva , Aas Turid , Hessman Ola , Rosén Thord , Nordenström Jörgen , Jansson Svante , Heck Ansgar , Bollerslev Jens 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) was previously considered a disease presenting with multiorgan involvement and a wide range of symptoms. Today, the disease presents with no symptoms or mild symptomatology in most patients. Data regarding nonspecific symptoms such as pain, fatigue, memory loss, depression, and other neuropsychiatric signs have been ambiguous, and results from prospective long-term randomized control trials are lacking. The Scandinavian Investigation on Primary Hyperparathyroidism (SIPH) is a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 10-year follow up, comparing parathyroidectomy (PTX) to observation without any treatment (OBS). From 1998 to 2005, 191 patients with mild PHPT were included from Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. A total of 95 patients were randomized to PTX and 96 to OBS. The generic Short Form-36 survey (SF-36) and the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) were studied at baseline, 2, 5, and 10 years after randomization. After 10 years, the PTX group scored significantly better on vitality (PTX 65.1 ± 20.2 versus OBS 57.4 ± 22.7; p = .017) compared to the OBS group in SF-36. We found no differences between the groups in the physical subscales. The OBS group had no significant change in any of the SF-36 scores throughout the study. The CPRS showed an improvement of symptoms in both groups for single items and sum scores after 10 years compared to baseline. There were, however, no significant differences between the two groups in the CPRS data. The results of this large and long-term RCT indicate improvement in some of the mental domains of SF-36 following PTX. However, the treatment effects between the groups were subtle with uncertain clinical significance. The observation group had stable SF-36 values and improvement in CPRS symptom-scores. Thus, in considering only quality of life (QoL) and in the absence of declines in renal and skeletal parameters, it may be safe to observe patients with mild PHPT for a decade. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Relationship between emotional intelligence and professionalism among second‐year dental students
Authors: Partido Brian B. , Stefanik Dawne , Rashid Warina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionEmotional intelligence (EI) refers to a person's ability to evaluate and manage their personal emotions and the ability to respond appropriately to the emotions of others. Limited evidence exists regarding whether EI is related to professionalism.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate for relationships between EI and professionalism among second‐year dental students.MethodsUsing a quantitative cross‐sectional research design, the study instrument consisted of 3 parts: (1) The Emotional Quotient Self‐Assessment Checklist (EQSAC), including 30 questions comprising 6 domains that measured EI; (2) The Patient Management and Professionalism Scale (PMPS), including 10 questions comprising 5 domains that measured professionalism; and (3) Demographic questions.ResultsThe response rate was 99.2% (n = 117) of second‐year dental students. Most EI and professionalism scores were in the moderate range. Female participants had higher domain scores for agreeableness and conscientiousness compared with male participants. Male participants had higher domain scores for emotional stability than female participants. The EI domains were found to be significant predictors of total and domain professionalism levels.ConclusionUnderstanding methods to improve EI levels may assist dental students in their development of professionalism.
Breast cancer polygenic risk scores in the clinical cancer genetic counseling setting: Current practices and impact on patient management
Authors: McGuinness Molly , Fassi Emily , Wang Catharine , Hacking Claire , Ellis Victoria 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMultivariate risk models are commonly used in clinical practice to estimate a woman's lifetime risk for breast cancer and assist in implementation of appropriate screening and risk reduction strategies. More recently, breast cancer polygenic risk scores (PRS) have been derived and integrated into these models to further improve risk estimation. While breast cancer PRS have been offered by two clinical diagnostic laboratories since 2017, little is known about the extent to which genetic counselors are ordering breast cancer PRS or incorporating the results into patient management. This study surveyed U.S. cancer genetic counselors from October 2019 to January 2020 to identify and understand their current practices with breast cancer PRS, to determine the impact of breast cancer PRS on patient management, and to anticipate future genetic counselor practices with breast cancer PRS. Fewer than half of respondents (43%, 51/120) had ordered breast cancer PRS and approximately one‐third (35%, 16/46) reported that the PRS had changed their medical management recommendations. The majority of cancer genetic counselors had not ordered PRS, most commonly due to (a) lack of clinical guidelines (90%, 60/67), (b) insufficient evidence of clinical utility (88%, 59/67), and (c) lack of availability for patients of non‐European ancestry (70%, 47/67). Of genetic counselors who had not ordered breast cancer PRS, only 10% (7/68) did not believe they would order PRS in the future. This is the first study to characterize genetic counselors’ experiences with breast cancer PRS. Results from this study indicate that although breast cancer PRS have been clinically available for patients for several years, most cancer genetic counselors are not yet convinced they are ready to be incorporated into patient care.
Intraoperative Characterization of Pancreatic Tumors Using Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound and Shear Wave Elastography for Optimization of Surgical Strategies
Authors: Platz Batista da Silva Natascha , Engeßer Maria , Hackl Christina , Brunner Stefan , Hornung Matthias , Schlitt Hans J. , Evert Katja , Stroszczynski Christian , Jung Ernst Michael 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate intraoperative contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (IoCEUS) and intraoperative shear wave elastography (IoSWE) for characterization of focal pancreatic lesions (FPLs) in correlation with postoperative histologic results. Thereby, the impact of intraoperative ultrasound (US) on pancreas surgery was evaluated.MethodsIntraoperative CEUS and SWE data from 54 patients, who underwent pancreas surgery between 2017 and 2019, were analyzed retrospectively. Ultrasound examinations were performed with multifrequency linear/T‐shaped transducers (3–9 MHz) on a high‐end US device (LOGIQ E9; GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL). To analyze FPL stiffness by SWE, regions of interest were placed to measure the shear wave speed (meters per second) and stiffness (kilopascals). After intravenous bolus injections of 2.4 to 10 mL of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles, a dynamic analysis of FPL microvascularization from arterial to late phases was performed using IoCEUS considering hypoenhancement/irregular vascularization of macrocystic/small solid FPL malignancy criteria. Ultrasound findings were correlated with postoperative histologic results. The impact of intraoperative US on surgery was documented in each case.ResultsOf 54 FPLs, IoCEUS could correctly characterize 39 of 39 malignant and 6 of 15 benign FPLs; IoSWE 29 of 39 as malignant and 7 of 15 as benign. Intraoperative CEUS's sensitivity was 100%; specificity, 40%; accuracy, 83.3%; positive predictive value, 81.3%; and negative predictive value, 100% (P < .05). Applying cutoff values of 3 m/s and 28.7 kPa, SWE's sensitivity was 74.4%; specificity, 46.7%; accuracy, 66.7%; positive predictive value; 78.4%; and negative predictive value, 41.2% for cancer detection (P < .05). The combined use of both techniques showed an accuracy rate of 76%, sensitivity of 74.4%, and specificity of 33.3%. In 29.6%, US results had an immediate impact on surgery.ConclusionsIntraoperative SWE and CEUS are highly valuable techniques for intraoperative characterization of FPLs. Although IoCEUS proved to be superior to IoSWE, the combined use can be helpful in particular cases.
Kinetics of 1‐decene hydroformylation in an aqueous biphasic medium using a water‐soluble Rh‐sulfoxantphos catalyst in the presence of a cosolvent
Authors: Pagar Nitin S. , Deshpande Raj M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe kinetics of hydroformylation of 1‐decene has been studied in an aqueous biphasic medium using a water‐soluble Rh‐sulfoxantphos catalyst in the presence of N‐methyl pyrrolidone as a cosolvent at 383‐403 K. The rate was found to be first order, with concentrations of catalyst and olefin and partial order, with concentrations of hydrogen in the liquid phase. The plot of rate versus excess ligand and CO concentrations passed through maxima, indicating negative order dependence at higher concentrations. These trends have been interpreted based on the established hydroformylation mechanism. High selectivity towards the linear aldehyde was maintained (n: iso ratio > 30). An empirical rate equation has been proposed which was found to be in good agreement with the observed rate data within the experimental error. The activation energy was evaluated to be 74.76 kJ/mol.
Highly stretchable gelatin‐polyacrylamide hydrogel for potential transdermal drug release
Authors: Qiao Zhen , Tran Long , Parks Jesse , Zhao Yao , Hai Nan , Zhong Yinghui , Ji Hai‐Feng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStretchable hydrogels have been used for a number of biomedical applications. This research focused on the study of a highly stretchable and tough hydrogel made of gelatin and polyacrylamide towards transdermal drug delivery applications. Four drug compounds, nicotine, lidocaine hydrochloride, diltiazem hydrochloride and diclofenac sodium, were used for the evaluation. The release rates of these compounds follow an order: lidocaine > diltiazem > nicotine > diclofenac, which showed a strong correlation between the release rate with their solubility in water at pH 5.5. The kinetics study showed a linear and sustainable release of all tested drugs in the first 8 hours. Experiments were conducted in vitro on replicated human skin. Cytotoxicity studies indicate hydrogel is nontoxic to human cells. The highly stretchable and tough characters of the hydrogel the strength of the hydrogel reduce the severity of wear and tear issues over time for transdermal drug release.
The impact of public sector accounting reform on corruption: Causal evidence from subnational Indonesia
Authors: Lewis Blane D. , Hendrawan Adrianus 
Published: October 2020

SummaryIt is widely believed that the adoption of quality public sector accounting practices can assist in reducing corruption. In theory, accounting reform, especially the shift from cash‐to accrual‐based methods, leads to the production of much improved financial information, which ultimately can be used by citizens to hold government more accountable and limit corruption. Empirical evidence from cross‐country analyses appears to support the theoretical predictions. We investigate the impact of accounting practices on corruption among districts in Indonesia. We use external financial audits to measure the adoption of reforms and the number of corruption case court convictions as our proxy for corruption. We estimate Poisson regression models using instrumental variable techniques to identify the causal effects of adopting accrual‐based accounting procedures on corruption. We show that the employment of improved accounting methods is strongly associated with declining corruption. However, after accommodating the endogeneity of accounting practices, we determine that reform adoption has no effect on corruption.
Melt extrusion and blow molding parts‐per‐million POSS interspersed the macromolecular network and simultaneously enhanced thermomechanical and barrier properties of polyolefin films
Authors: Romo‐Uribe Angel , Lichtenhan Joseph D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere has been the expectation that polymers filled with small concentrations of nanosized particles will exhibit superior thermomechanical properties. We demonstrate that dispersing parts‐per‐million (ppm) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) nanochemicals by melt extrusion with polyolefins increased the tensile Young's modulus, yield stress, and toughness of blow molded and extruded films without penalizing extensibility, which is common to polymers reinforced with nano/microparticles. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the key to mechanical reinforcement is the spatial distribution of POSS at ca. single nanocage thus enabling interspersion of the macromolecular network. The thermal stability, water contact angle, and oxygen transmission of the films were also enhanced enabling a single component food package capable to keep food without decay for two weeks. The physical properties are improved when the nanoparticle size <D> is about the size of the virtual tube diameter dt, that is, <D>/dt ≈ 1. The enhancement of physical properties by placing the nanoparticle in the free space of the molecular network is a new paradigm in engineering polymer nanocomposites and opens opportunities for recyclable single component packaging films and tunable lightweight engineering and biomimetic materials.
Registration of ‘Scorpio’ hard red winter wheat
Authors: Carter A.H. , Balow K.A. , Shelton G.B. , Burke A.B. , Hagemeyer K.E. , Stowe A. , Worapong J. , Higginbotham R.W. , Chen X.M. , Engle D.A. , Murray T.D. , Morris C.F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecent changes in the environment and crop management practices of the Pacific Northwest region of the United States have challenged the development of successful hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars for the >500‐mm annual precipitation zones of the eastern part of the state of Washington. The use of N fertilizer and an increase in no‐till production practices have led to decreases in soil pH that can be toxic to wheat, especially in soils derived from previously forested land. The objective of this research was to develop a HRW wheat cultivar that combined tolerance to low‐pH soils with other important traits such as high yield, high grain volume weight, high grain protein concentration, acceptable end‐use quality, winterhardiness, and stripe rust resistance. ‘Scorpio’ (Reg. no. CV‐1169, PI 693629) HRW wheat was developed and released in March 2019 by the Agricultural Research Center of Washington State University. Scorpio was tested under the experimental designations HRW11064‐1‐DH‐1‐4 and WA8268. Scorpio is a semi‐dwarf cultivar adapted to the high‐rainfall wheat production regions of Washington. Scorpio is tolerant to low‐pH soils, has high‐temperature adult‐plant resistance to stripe rust, and has a midseason heading date, high grain volume weight, high grain protein concentration, and high grain yield. Scorpio has end‐use quality properties comparable to those of ‘LCS Jet’, ‘Keldin’, and ‘Whetstone’, which are acceptable for both domestic and export markets.
1,2,3‐Triazoles by Click Chemistry Using Azido Esters as a Precursor
Authors: Kumari Dimple , Banerjee Shaibal 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper describes synthesis and characterization of new di, tetra, and hexa‐1,2,3‐triazoles by Click chemistry using synthesized azido esters as one of the precursors. The synthesized triazoles were subjected to detailed characterizations by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C‐NMR, and HRMS. Thermal stability was also performed by using DSC and TGA.
Validation of dried blood spot sampling for determining trophic positions of Arctic char using nitrogen stable isotope analyses of amino acids
Authors: Barst Benjamin D. , Muir Derek C.G. , O'Brien Diane M. , Wooller Matthew J. 
Published: October 2020

RationaleDried blood spots (DBSs) are gaining popularity for biomarker analyses in ecological research due to their advantages for use in field‐based research and in remote settings; however, many DBS biomarkers remain unvalidated. We validated the application of compound‐specific stable nitrogen isotope analyses of amino acids (CSIA‐AAs) to field‐prepared DBSs for determining trophic positions of wild‐caught Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus).MethodsWhole blood and muscle from Arctic char were collected, and DBSs were created in the field. We measured the stable nitrogen isotope ratios (expressed as δ15N values) of the amino acids glutamic acid (Glu) and phenylalanine (Phe) isolated from Arctic char samples using CSIA‐AAs. We then compared amino acid δ15N values from DBSs and the other sample types (whole blood and muscle) from the same specimens. We calculated and compared trophic position estimates generated from whole blood, DBSs, and muscle.ResultsThe δ15N values of Glu and Phe, as well as trophic position estimates from DBSs, were highly correlated with δ15N values and estimates from both whole blood and muscle. The DBS amino acid δ15N values and trophic position estimates agreed well with those from whole blood. Although mean differences between amino acid δ15N values from DBSs and muscle were noted, the offsets were small and resulted in a 0.2 mean difference between trophic position estimates for DBSs and muscle.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that the application of CSIA‐AAs to field‐prepared DBSs of Arctic char generates similar trophic position estimates to those from whole blood and muscle. We suggest that DBSs could be developed as a minimally invasive sampling technique to study feeding ecology of wild fish and perhaps other organisms of interest.
Information search methods and financial decisions
Authors: Bonaparte Yosef , Fabozzi Frank J. , Koslowsky David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe investigate whether financial decisions by households are influenced by information search method. The analysis examines Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) data containing more than 20 information search methods used by households for saving and investment decisions. We classify investors into categories (informal, professional, and comprehensive) based on information search method. We use the 2016 SCF data for our main results; we also use the 1998 SCF to examine the effects of geography and changes in information search over time. We find that information search method influences financial decisions about stock market participation, trading, diversification, risk‐taking, and home bias.
New fixed‐time synchronization control of discontinuous inertial neural networks via indefinite Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional method
Authors: Kong Fanchao , Zhu Quanxin 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe purpose of this article is to investigate the existence of periodic solutions and fixed‐time synchronization (FTS) of a class of discontinuous inertial neural networks (DINNs) with time‐varying delays. Due to the existence of the discontinuities, first, by using a generalized variable transformation, the original DINNs are transformed into a first‐order differential system. By using the differential inclusions theory and the set‐valued version of the Mawhin coincidence theorem, a new delay‐dependent criterion is derived to ensure the existence of periodic solutions. Furthermore, by designing some effective discontinuous control strategies and by constructing indefinite Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional (LKF), algebraic criteria are derived to guarantee the FTS for the drive‐response system. The settling time is explicitly estimated. In comparison with the related results on INNs, it is the first time to study the existence result of the DINNs and the Lyapunov approaches applied to investigate the FTS are entirely different. Finally, the correctness of the main results is verified via numerical examples.
Organic Luminophores Exhibiting Bimodal Emissions of Fluorescence and Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence for Versatile Applications
Authors: Zhuo Chaozheng , Ouyang Mi , Li Chengjian , Zhang Yujian , Cao Feng , Pan Guoxiang , Lv Chunyan , Zhang Xia , Sun Jingwei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOrganic luminophores exhibiting both fluorescence and phosphorescence at room temperature are attractive but rare, due to the limited design strategies of room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) molecules. Here, the construction of electron donor‐acceptor‐donor (D−A−D) structure, which can afford multiple and powerful intermolecular interactions and electronic communications, is proposed as an effective method to achieve RTP. Two compounds NBCM and PBCM were designed with different electron withdrawing groups. Both exhibit efficient RTP with long lifetimes of 558 and 482 ms, as well as switchable luminescence from cyan or white to yellow, respectively. The stronger charge transfer effect and better crystallization capacity of NBCM are account for its superior RTP performance in relative to PBCM. Besides, the incorporation of pyridine endows NBCM with a special response to trifluoroacetate acid and a reversible on/off conversion of emissions. These features of NBCM pave the way to its promising applications in antifake security, encryption, fingerprint imaging and sensors.
Synthesis and Ecotoxicological Studies of Ionic Compounds Based on Tolperisone, Diphenhydramine and Trimecaine
Authors: Giner Beatriz , Mergenbayeva Saule , Lomba Laura , Rafikova Khadichachan , Dauletbakov Anuar , Belyankova Yelizaveta , Seilkhanov Tulegen , Zazybin Alexey 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIonic compounds have been of global interest since stepping into a mature field of research. The aim of this study was to synthesize novel and known ionic compounds via the N‐alkylation process and fully characterize them by elemental analysis and infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Investigation of the influence of the alkyl chain length and the charge of the cation on the ecotoxicity of 11 new and known ionic compounds based on tolperisone, diphenhydramine and trimecaine was investigated with the use of luminescence inhibition assay. To give information about the ecotoxicity of these new ionic compounds, the acute toxicity dataset of each compound was determined using Aliivibrio fischeri bacteria as a biomodel. According to the obtained results, the studied compounds could be considered non‐harmful to Aliivibrio fischeri. A quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) study was carried out with the aim of modelling the observed behaviour and providing a prediction basis for ecotoxicity towards Aliivibrio fischeri.
Piperidinium‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents: Efficient and Sustainable Eco‐Friendly Medium for One‐Pot N‐Heterocycles Synthesis
Authors: Ali Shujaat , Al‐Rashida Mariya , Younus Hafiza Amna , Moin Syed Tarique , Hameed Abdul 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere is a significant use of different kinds of hazardous materials, solvents, and catalysts in laboratories and industries for the production of different useful products. All over the globe millions of pharmaceutical industries are working for production of different kinds of drugs/compounds, consequently there is a need to limit (or replace) the use of such materials so as to reduce the environmental and health issues. In this regard, one of the strategies is to replace traditional obnoxious solvents and chemicals with different kinds of green solvents, green materials, and green catalysts. The Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) has no or significantly less harmful effect as compared to conventional solvents. In this study we developed one‐pot synthetic strategies for synthesis of different N‐heterocyclic scaffolds such as indoles, 1,4‐dihydropyridine, acridine, and quinoline in piperidinium bromide and fluoride‐based DES; these solvents have good characteristics as multicomponent reaction media, and as a catalytic solvent to give good product yield in short interval of time.