bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Progress in Designing Stable Composite Lithium Anodes with Improved Wettability
Authors: Zheng Zi‐Jian , Ye Huan , Guo Zai‐Ping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLithium (Li) is a promising battery anode because of its high theoretical capacity and low reduction potential, but safety hazards that arise from its continuous dendrite growth and huge volume changes limit its practical applications. Li can be hosted in a framework material to address these key issues, but methods to encage Li inside scaffolds remain challenging. The melt infusion of molten Li into substrates has attracted enormous attention in both academia and industry because it provides an industrially adoptable technology capable of fabricating composite Li anodes. In this review, the wetting mechanism driving the spread of liquefied Li toward a substrate is discussed. Following this, various strategies are proposed to engineer stable Li metal composite anodes that are suitable for liquid and solid‐state electrolytes. A general conclusion and a perspective on the current limitations and possible future research directions for constructing composite Li anodes for high‐energy lithium metal batteries are presented.
Estimating economic minimums of mowing, fertilizing, and irrigating turfgrass
Authors: Soldat Douglas J. , Brosnan James T. , Chandra Ambika , Gaussoin Roch E. , Kowalewski Alec , Leinauer Bernd , Rossi Frank S. , Stier John C. , Unruh J. Bryan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe public health crisis and economic recession caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic have forced turfgrass industry professionals to re‐evaluate standard practices. Minimum costs required to fertilize, irrigate, and mow turfgrasses can be roughly estimated using climate data, turfgrass physiology information, and resource costs. Although the actual minimum costs vary situationally and regionally, mowing golf putting greens optimally requires about US$34 per acre per month, whereas other turfgrass areas cost less than US$11 per acre per growing month. Fertilizer applications to turfgrass cost US$22 or less per acre per growing month. Irrigation costs (water and electricity for pumping) vary widely, with the least expensive regions requiring ∼US$300 per acre per year compared with 12 times more than that total in other parts of the United States.
Fabrication of Flexible Resistive Switching Devices Based on Lead‐Free All‐Inorganic CsSnBr3 Perovskite Using a One‐Step Chemical Vapor Deposition Method
Authors: Wang Hongjun , Lin Jiaquan , Zhu Yuanyuan , Zeng Xiong , Wei Hong , Cheng Pengwei , Lu Hongbing , Liu Yong , Xiong Rui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResistive switching (RS) devices have evolved as one of the most promising candidates in the memory filed due to their excellent endurance and retention, fast switching speed, and extra‐high storage density capability. However, the coexistence of toxic lead cations and low RS performance have largely limited the application of halide perovskite in nonvolatile memory filed. Herein, the lead‐free all‐inorganic perovskite CsSnBr3 films are synthesized on flexible polyimide (PI) substrates through a one‐step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to construct environmentally friendly RS devices. The RS devices with Pt/CsSnBr3/Pt/PI structure exhibit reliable and reproducible bipolar RS characteristics with an ultralow set/reset voltage (≈0.2/−0.15 V) and a high on/off ratio (≈105). Additionally, the RS devices are further tested by robust current–voltage curves under consecutive flexing cycles, exhibiting high mechanical bendability and electrical reliability. This work demonstrates that lead‐free all‐inorganic perovskite CsSnBr3 film is a good candidate as switching media for applications in the next‐generation environmentally friendly RS devices and opens an avenue for future flexible electronics.
Rechargeable Battery Electrolytes Capable of Operating over Wide Temperature Windows and Delivering High Safety
Authors: Lin Xidong , Zhou Guodong , Liu Jiapeng , Yu Jing , Effat Mohammed B. , Wu Junxiong , Ciucci Francesco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLi‐ion batteries (LIBs) are the energy storage systems of choice for portable electronics and electric vehicles. Due to the growing deployment of energy storage solutions, LIBs are increasingly required to function safely and steadily over a broad range of operational conditions. However, the conventional electrolytes used in LIBs will malfunction when the temperatures fall below zero or elevate above 60 °C. Further, conventional electrolytes are toxic and flammable, leading to severe safety risks, especially in the case of an accident or overheating. Therefore, an ever‐growing body of research has been dedicated to the development of electrolytes characterized by high ionic conductivity, excellent electrochemical stability, and operability over a wide temperature range. In this Progress Report, the optimization of liquid‐based electrolytes achieved by controlling Li salts, functional additives, and solvents is discussed first. Next, gel‐polymer and all‐solid‐state electrolytes (i.e., ceramics, polymers, and their composites) are presented. Examples of advanced batteries (Li/Na/Zn‐ion batteries and Li‐metal batteries) capable of working over a broad temperature window are highlighted. Morever, recent computational studies aimed at designing and understanding electrolytes are reviewed. Finally, challenges and perspectives regarding emerging electrolyte materials are proposed with the goal of triggering the further development of high‐performance, safe, and wide‐temperature‐operating electrolytes.
Na‐Ion Batteries—Approaching Old and New Challenges
Authors: Goikolea Eider , Palomares Verónica , Wang Shijian , de Larramendi Idoia Ruiz , Guo Xin , Wang Guoxiu , Rojo Teofilo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe last 10 years established the beginning of a post‐lithium era in the field of energy storage, with the renaissance of Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) as alternative for Li‐based systems. The development of this technology has required intense work in materials research in order to produce and optimize anodes, cathodes, and electrolytes for NIBs. The strong and weak points of the main families of compounds for each battery component are analyzed in this progress report. Taking into account the achievements made in materials for NIBs, the industrial scene is analyzed through the existing prototypes and commercial cells and also from an economical viewpoint. In this scenario, where Na‐ion technology seems to be ready for a coming second generation, the use of Na can be extended to almost the whole spectrum of electrochemical energy storage systems: the new room temperature Na–S systems, high‐energy Na–air technology, or high‐power Na‐based hybrid supercapacitors. Thus, the degree of development of NIBs, together with the promising performance of newer Na‐based energy storage systems, makes Na the key to the coming commercial post‐lithium systems.
If You Build Them… Will it Matter? Food Stores' Presence and Perceived Barriers to Purchasing Healthy Foods in the Northeastern U.S.
Authors: Chenarides Lauren , Bonanno Alessandro , Palmer Anne 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolicies incentivizing store entry or store improvements are aimed at increasing access to healthy foods; however, findings about their effectiveness to improve diets are mixed. Similarly, little is known about whether food stores' presence affects consumers' perceived barriers to purchasing healthy foods, which reflect the subjective hardships experienced by shoppers to purchase and consume healthier foods. In this study, we assess the relationship between the two most widely studied perceived barriers to purchasing healthy foods (price and availability) and the local retail food environment using individual‐level survey data collected across the northeastern US and census data on the numbers of grocery stores and warehouse clubs and supercenters. Our results indicate that unobserved heterogeneity plays an important role in determining the sign and magnitude of the relationship between store presence and perceptions. The likelihood that an individual cites price or availability as a perceived barrier depends upon the barrier considered, whether respondents live in the zip code where they shop, and the method of controlling for unobserved heterogeneity. Thus, policies focusing on improving access to a given store type may only mitigate some of the negative perceptions associated with one's food environment.
Insight into the Ferrier Rearrangement by Combining Flash Chemistry and Superacids
Authors: Bhuma Naresh , Lebedel Ludivine , Yamashita Hiroki , Shimizu Yutaka , Abada Zahra , Ardá Ana , Désiré Jérôme , Michelet Bastien , Martin‐Mingot Agnès , Abou‐Hassan Ali , Takumi Masahiro , Marrot Jérôme , Jiménez‐Barbero Jesús , Nagaki Aiichiro , Blériot Yves , Thibaudeau Sébastien 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe transformation of glycals into 2,3‐unsaturated glycosyl derivatives, reported by Ferrier in 1962, is supposed to involve an α,β unsaturated glycosyl cation, an elusive ionic species that has still to be observed experimentally. Herein, while combination of TfOH and flow conditions failed to observe this ionic species, its extended lifetime in superacid solutions allowed its characterization by NMR‐based structural analysis supported by DFT calculations. This allyloxycarbenium ion was further exploited in the Ferrier rearrangement to afford unsaturated nitrogen‐containing C‐aryl glycosides and C‐alkyl glycosides under superacid and flow conditions, respectively.
Alternative Oxidants for the Catalytic Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: Arinaga Allison M. , Ziegelski Morgan C. , Marks Tobin J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe catalytic oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) to C2 hydrocarbons with oxygen (O2‐OCM) has garnered renewed worldwide interest in the past decade due to the emergence of enormous new shale gas resources. However, the C2 selectivity of typical OCM processes is significantly challenged by overoxidation to COx products. Other gaseous reagents such as N2O, CO2, and S2 have been investigated to a far lesser extent as alternative, milder oxidants to replace O2. Although several authoritative review articles have summarized OCM research progress in depth, recent oxidative coupling developments using alternative oxidants (X‐OCM) have not been overviewed in detail. In this perspective, we review and analyze OCM research results reporting the implementation of N2O, CO2, S2, and other non‐O2 oxidants, highlighting the unique chemistries of these systems and their advantages/challenges compared to O2‐OCM. Current outlook and potential areas for future study are also discussed.
Engineered polysaccharide alpha‐1,3 glucan asisocyanate‐reactivecomponent in viscoelastic polyurethane foams
Authors: Lenges Christian , Behabtu Natnael , Mok Jorge , Sendijarevic Ibrahim , Sendijarevic Aisa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnzymatic polymerization is emerging as scalable method to convert sucrose to engineered polysaccharides. Polymer architecture and material properties can be controlled selectively to produce novel differentiated biomaterials. One first example for such an engineered polysaccharide is alpha‐1,3‐polyglucose (alpha‐1,3‐glucan) synthesized using glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes. Stable dispersions of alpha‐1,3‐glucan in polyether polyols were prepared with narrow particle size distributions, which are reactive with isocyanate allowing for covalent bonding to the hard segment of the polyurethane polymer matrix. This study further explored the use of alpha‐1,3‐glucan (PS) in the preparation of viscoelastics (VE) polyurethane foams. The introduction of alpha‐1,3‐glucan into the polyurethane polymer matrix was found to increase the load‐bearing properties of VE foams without impacting the density. Other key performance properties of VE foams were effectively unchanged, including resilience, tensile, and tear strength. Cell size and morphology were also unaffected. The glass transition of these VE foams was not impacted; however, the overall thermal dimensional stability was improved as considerable reduction in compression set was observed. The results of this study indicated that alpha‐1,3‐glucan disperses in polyether polyols to improve performance characteristics of the VE foams, as well as other flexible polyurethane foams properties.
Poly(ethylene terephthalate)‐based nanocomposite films as greenhouse covering material: Environmental sustainability, mechanical durability, and thermal stability
Authors: Bahramian Alireza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe environmental sustainability, mechanical durability, and thermal stability of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)‐based nanocomposite films compared with pure PET were evaluated. The samples were obtained by incorporating 2 wt% of TiO2, SiO2, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), and an equal mixture of NPs in polymer by melt‐mixing in a twin‐screw extruder. The mechanical properties and hardness of samples were determined by the tensile and the atomic force microscopy‐based nanoindentation tests. The melting, crystallization, and glass transition temperatures of samples were studied by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The effects of compatibility, dispersity, and hydrophobicity of NPs on the surface morphology, crystallinity, and thermomechanical properties of nanocomposites were studied. The interaction of SiO2NPs with PET chains had a promising effect on the surface morphology, high elastic modulus, dispersibility, crystallinity, and thermostability of the sample. The mixing of ZnO and TiO2NPs improved the UV‐blocking effects, and photostability, while the SiO2and TiO2NPs maintained the thermal properties of the film against UV radiation. The resulting film could be a good candidate as a greenhouse covering material due to its suitable photosynthetically active radiation transmittance.
An oil‐contamination‐resistant PVP/PAN electrospinning membrane for high‐efficient oil–water mixture and emulsion separation
Authors: Meng Haitao , Xu Tong , Gao Mingyuan , Bai Jie , Li Chunping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOil–water separation is an urgent issue due to the frequently occurred oil leakages and increasing discharge of oily wastewater. The pollutional and wastewater can not only damage the environment, but endanger human health. Owing to the small particle size of the oil contamination, it is still a challenge for the separation of oil–water emulsion. In this study, we developed a facile strategy to prepare a hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyacrylonitrile (PVP/PAN) nanofibrous membrane for oil–water mixture and emulsion separation. The lowest water contact angle on the membrane surface can achieve 16.7°, thus the membranes can effectively resist the oil contamination on them. Moreover, the membrane can efficiently separate oil–water mixtures and emulsion by gravity. In addition, it can separate oil–water mixtures in harsh conditions (pH = 1 and 14). Membranes prepared in this work would hold a great potential in the practical use of water treatment and environmental industry.
Synthesis of benzamide derivatives with thiourea‐substituted benzenesulfonamides as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Authors: Tugrak Mehtap , Gul Halise Inci , Demir Yeliz , Gulcin Ilhami 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe novel compounds with the chemical structure of N‐({4‐[N′‐(substituted)sulfamoyl]phenyl}carbamothioyl)benzamide (1a–g) and 4‐fluoro‐N‐({4‐[N′‐(substituted)sulfamoyl]phenyl}carbamothioyl)benzamide (2a–g) were synthesized as potent and selective human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and hCA II candidate inhibitors. The aryl part was changed to sulfacetamide, sulfaguanidine, sulfanilamide, sulfathiazole, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfametazine. The Ki values of compounds 1a–g were in the range of 20.73 ± 4.32 to 59.55 ± 13.07 nM (hCA I) and 5.69 ± 0.43 to 44.81 ± 1.08 nM (hCA II), whereas the Ki values of compounds 2a–g were in the range of 13.98 ± 2.57 to 75.74 ± 13.51 nM (hCA I) and 8.15 ± 1.5 to 49.86 ± 6.18 nM (hCA II). Comparing the Ki values of the final compounds and acetazolamide, compound 1c with the sulfanilamide moiety (Ki = 5.69 ± 0.43 nM, 8.8 times) and 2f with the sulfamerazine moiety (Ki = 8.15 ± 1.5 nM, 6.2 times) demonstrated promising and selective inhibitory effects against the hCA II isoenzyme, the main target protein in glaucoma. Furthermore, compounds 1d (Ki = 20.73 ± 4.32, 4 times) and 2d (Ki = 13.98 ± 2.57, 5.9 times), which have the sulfathiazole moiety, were found as potent hCA I inhibitors. Compounds 1c and 2f can be considered as the lead compounds determined in the present study, which can be investigated further to alleviate glaucoma symptoms.
Efficacy and Safety of Guselkumab, an Interleukin‐23p19–Specific Monoclonal Antibody, Through One Year in Biologic‐Naive Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: McInnes Iain B. , Rahman Proton , Gottlieb Alice B. , Hsia Elizabeth C. , Kollmeier Alexa P. , Chakravarty Soumya D. , Xu Xie L. , Subramanian Ramanand A. , Agarwal Prasheen , Sheng Shihong , Jiang Yusang , Zhou Bei , Zhuang Yanli , van der Heijde Désirée , Mease Philip J. 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveGuselkumab, a human monoclonal antibody specific to interleukin‐23p19, demonstrated efficacy and safety versus placebo through week 24 of the phase III DISCOVER‐2 trial in biologic‐naive patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Here we report 1‐year DISCOVER‐2 findings.MethodsAdults with active PsA (≥5 swollen and ≥5 tender joints; C‐reactive protein level ≥0.6 mg/dl) despite standard nonbiologic treatment were randomized to receive subcutaneous injections of guselkumab 100 mg every 4 weeks, guselkumab 100 mg at week 0, week 4 and every 8 weeks thereafter, or placebo with crossover to guselkumab 100 mg every 4 weeks at week 24. We primarily evaluated clinical efficacy through week 52 by imputing missing data (nonresponse for categorical end points; no change/using multiple imputation for continuous end points). Observed radiographic scores and adverse events (AEs) were summarized.ResultsOf 739 randomized, treated patients, 93% completed week 52. The proportions of patients in whom a ≥20% improvement from baseline in American College of Rheumatology criteria (ACR20) was achieved were maintained after week 24, reaching 71% (173 of 245) and 75% (185 of 248) for patients randomized to receive treatment every 4 weeks or every 8 weeks, respectively, by week 52. The proportions of patients in whom ACR50/ACR70 and skin responses, minimal or very low disease activity, and dactylitis or enthesitis resolution were achieved at week 24 were also maintained through week 52. Further, low levels of radiographic progression, along with improvements in physical function and health‐related quality of life, were sustained through week 52 with continued guselkumab treatment. Few patients experienced serious infections through week 52, with no evidence of a dosing regimen response or increase from weeks 0–24 (4 of 493 [0.8%]) to weeks 24–52 (3 of 493 [0.6%]) among guselkumab‐randomized patients. No patient developed an opportunistic infection or died.ConclusionIn biologic‐naive PsA patients, guselkumab provided sustained improvements across diverse manifestations and maintained a favorable risk–benefit profile through week 52.
Bewehrungsanschlüsse für momententragfähige Verbindungen nach EOTA TR 069
Authors: Wörle Patrick , Appl Jörg , Genesio Giovacchino 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNachträglich eingemörtelte Bewehrungsanschlüsse haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten in der täglichen Baupraxis bewährt. Sie werden sowohl im Neubau als auch bei Renovierungen oder Nutzungsänderungen eingesetzt. Bislang beschränken sich die Anwendungsbereiche von nach EAD 330087‐00‐0601 qualifizierten Injektionssystemen auf Übergreifungsstöße, Endauflager von gelenkig gelagerten Balken, Bewehrungsstäbe unter Druckbelastung und die Verankerung der Zugkraftdeckung. Der neue technische Bericht EOTA TR 069 „Design method for anchorages of post‐installed reinforcing bars (rebars) with improved bond‐splitting behaviour as compared to EN 1992‐1‐1“ regelt nun erstmalig die Bemessung und Ausführung von Bewehrungsanschlüssen für biegesteife Beton‐Beton‐Verbindungen auf europäischer Ebene ohne Ausführung als Übergreifungsstoß. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden die Anwendungsbereiche des neuen technischen Berichts TR 069 sowie das neue Qualifizierungsverfahren nach EAD 332402‐00‐0601 erläutert. Darüber hinaus werden die Bemessungsnachweise nach EOTA TR 069 erklärt. Ergänzende Beispielrechnungen von biegesteifen Verbindungen veranschaulichen ergänzend die Vorteile, die sich sowohl in der Planung als auch Ausführung ergeben.
The Synthesis and Catalytic Applications of Nanosized High‐Entropy Alloys
Authors: Zheng Huan , Luo Guoying , Zhang Aijun , Lu Xiaofeng , He Lin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCreative approaches towards the fabrication of metal nanomaterials for catalysis are highly demanded. In this context, integrating multiple elements into single nanosized alloys opens up a new route for tailoring catalytic performance. Particularly, nanosized high‐entropy alloys (HEAs) with five or more metallic components have emerged as a new platform for catalyst discovery in broad cases, such as ammonia decomposition, ammonia oxidation, and various electrochemical reactions. In this minireview, the vigorous current activity on the synthesis of HEAs nanoparticles (NPs) and their catalytic applications have been summarized. Theoretically, the rational design of heterogeneous HEAs catalysts has also been briefly discussed.
Activated Porous Highly Enriched Platinum and Palladium Electrocatalysts from Dealloyed Noncrystalline Alloys for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Sahu Arti , Mondal Kallol , Pala Raj Ganesh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractModulation of activity of a quasicrystalline or amorphous matrix by selective dealloying of a less reactive metal is a trade‐off between an activity increment due to enhanced electronic structure/surface area and an activity decrement due to an increase in crystallinity. We evaluate this trade‐off in melt‐spun ribbons of amorphous PtZr4 and quasicrystalline PdZr3 metallic glasses for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Selective electrochemical dissolution of Zr generates highly porous, stable, predominantly Pt and Pd electrocatalysts and having three and eight times higher HER specific activity. Dealloyed Pt has two times higher specific HER activity than dealloyed Pd. The heat of mixing between Pt (Pd) and Zr is correlated to the extent of dealloying from PtZr4 (PdZr3) alloys. Dealloying glass‐forming element Zr enhances the activity of the resultant porous material due to the reduction in oxide layer formation and better optimized M−H bond strength. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis suggests that activity enhancement is due to Pt/Pd atoms gaining a partial negative charge leading to the promotion of H+ absorption and an increase of HER activity upon dealloying. The present work also provides insight into the challenging search for a glass‐former that does not have a debilitating effect on the electronic structure of the noble metals.