bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Media Frames
Authors: VanSickle-Ward Rachel , Wallsten Kevin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Chapter 7 explores the ways in which the Affordable Care Act’s contraceptive mandate was framed in newspaper coverage between August 1, 2011, and August 1, 2012. After demonstrating that news reports framed the birth control mandate as a religious issue more frequently than an economic, women’s rights, or health issue, this chapter then assesses the impact that an author’s gender and the gender of quoted sources had on an article’s dominant frame. The chapter demonstrates that female journalists employed gendered frames (i.e., women’s health, reproductive rights, and morality) in their reporting far more often than male journalists. Additionally, this chapter shows that female reporting exerted an indirect influence on news frames by increasing the proportion of women quoted in articles about the contraception mandate. Put simply, allowing women to write and speak made a profound difference in how the media covered contraception policy.
The Politics of the Pill: Looking Forward
Authors: VanSickle-Ward Rachel , Wallsten Kevin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Chapter 10 synthesizes the empirical evidence presented in preceding chapters and explains the significance of these findings for women’s voices in political debate more broadly. More specifically, this chapter marshals the data described in chapters 2 through 9 to answer the three central questions posed in the beginning book: Who speaks? What do they say? Does it matter? This chapter argues that the presence or absence of female politicians, reporters, activists, and judges has dramatic consequences for the timing, tone, and trajectory of public debates and policy outcomes on birth control. Additionally, this chapter considers how lingering debates over contraception coverage, and the persistent disparities in who speaks and who is heard, will inform our expectations about gender and politics in the years to come.
Genocide and the Male Warrior Psychology
Authors: Tratner Adam , McDonald Melissa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Is the capacity for genocide “hard-wired” into the evolved psychology of our species? Using perspectives from evolutionary psychology, this chapter discusses and provides evidence for the evolved psychological underpinnings of intergroup violence and outlines how sexual selection may have prompted the evolution of psychological mechanisms that facilitate intergroup violence, particularly among men. For ancestral humans, participating in strategic intergroup violence may have allowed men to enhance their reproductive fitness, thereby inducing selection pressures for psychological mechanisms that produce cognitions, affect, and behaviors that promote intergroup violence under specific circumstances. This chapter emphasizes how these psychological mechanisms may interact with features of our modern environment, such as social, cultural, and political factors, to produce genocide.
Understanding and Counteracting Genocide Denial
Authors: Bilali Rezarta , Iqbal Yeshim , Freel Samuel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Denial of genocide and other forms of mass violence is the most common response to confrontation with in-group atrocities. Denial is detrimental to peace, reconciliation, and justice. In this chapter the authors provide a social psychological analysis of genocide denial and review the nature of denial as well as the collective (e.g., group and conflict narratives) and individual-level (e.g., in-group identification, ideology) processes that perpetuate it. Then, the second part of the chapter provides an overview of strategies to address and counteract denial of atrocities. These include confrontational strategies (specifically, introducing factual information about the atrocity, introducing information about moral exemplars, and perspective-taking/engaging with out-group’s narrative) and nonconfrontational strategies (interventions targeting genocide construal in general, lay theory interventions, and affirmation strategies). The authors discuss the potential and possible drawbacks of each strategy to effectively reduce denial and discuss avenues for future research.
Why Do People Become Perpetrators of Genocide?
Authors: Tang Ying , Newman Leonard S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Explanations of the behavior of genocide perpetrators—and evildoers in general—are not always well received. Social scientists condemn evil, but they also seek to understand and explain it. However, explanations of wrongdoing in terms of general principles of human behavior can strike many people as a way of making excuses for it. Research is reviewed indicating that explaining wrongdoing in terms of situational or contextual factors (i.e., a social psychological explanation) is especially likely to be perceived as an attempt to exonerate the wrongdoer. Research also reveals cultural and individual-level moderators of this tendency. Interactionist accounts trigger less resistance. Psychological accounts of genocide are meant not to absolve perpetrators of responsibility but to inform the prevention of future genocides.
Thinking With and About Rhythm
Authors: Hasty Christopher 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter argues for a construction of the word “rhythm” that might contribute to ways of thinking and speaking about music that would validate the activity, the on-goingness, and the actuality of musicing. If discourse about music is connected to music, and if nothing—neither words nor concepts—escapes time, then talk of rhythm is itself not without or outside rhythm. Following an exploration of several allied terms (“event,” “duration,” “dimension”), the argument turns to sonic examples and concludes with a detailed analysis of the first phrase of the “Pleni sunt coeli” from Josquin des Prez’s Pange lingua mass.
Formative Processes of Durational Projection in “Free Rhythm” World Music
Authors: Roeder John 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recent theories of meter have been enriched by consideration of the time cycles and nonisochronous beats found in many musical cultures. However, these theories do not apply to music in which pulse is irregular. In many instances of this sort of “free rhythm” found throughout the world, durations can still be measured, but in relation to immediately preceding durations rather than to a persistent metric grid. Christopher Hasty’s theory of durational projection addresses just this situation. This chapter applies it in analyses of a Persian āvāz, a flute solo from Papua New Guinea, and an ālāp performed by sitarist Budhaditya Mukherjee. The guiding question is not whether there “is” meter or what that meter “is,” but how durational projections guide perception of process, pitch structure, and form, and so can be incorporated into coherent narrative that attributes purpose to the specific free rhythms in extended passages of music.
An Approach to Musical Rhythm in Agbadza
Authors: Locke David 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The musical rhythm of Agbadza is analyzed as dynamic and multideterminant, that is, as emerging from the interaction of many different musical factors including dance, metric structure, and the accentuation and grouping of the parts in the drum ensemble (bell, handclap, rattle, and support drum). Response drum and lead drum parts are analyzed for accentuation and rhythmic motion; the singing of Agbadza is studied in terms of melodic motion, design of phrases, and call-and-response form. The temporal relationship of songs to instrumental music is examined. By integrating the performance modalities of dance, song, and drumming within a holistic, ethnographically informed analysis of musical rhythm, the chapter models a method for documenting and understanding traditions of African performance art.
Introduction
Authors: Kulezic-Wilson Danijela 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The introduction argues that blurring the line between score and sound design represents an important new trend in contemporary soundtrack practice. It contends that the one factor that connects all the different cultural, aesthetic, and technological influences, and all manifestations of the present shift in practice, is a musical approach to film soundtrack conceived as an integrated whole. The chapter explains how the notions of an integrated soundtrack and the musicality of the soundtrack relate to this trend and looks at how they have been addressed in the existing literature. This chapter also provides an outline of the content, arguing for an approach that addresses the interdependency of intellectual, affective, and sensory stimuli in the film experience.
Scoring with Sound, the Aesthetics of Reticence, and Films of Peter Strickland
Authors: Kulezic-Wilson Danijela 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Chapter 3 focuses on methods of replacing diegetic sound with electroacoustic music and/or musique concrète, or their seamless merging, arguing that they represent a significant development in the practice of erasing the line between score and sound design. The main case studies—Katalin Varga and Berberian Sound Studio—come from the work of British director Peter Strickland, whose methods of “scoring with sound design” are informed by his interest in avant-garde and experimental music. Connecting Strickland’s methods with a growing tendency among some filmmakers to reject the conventions of traditional scoring and its values of passive spectatorship, this chapter introduces the aesthetics of reticence as a conceptual framework embraced by artists who encourage the audience’s active intellectual and emotional engagement with the text.
Syriac
Authors: Minov Sergey 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The corpus of Jewish literature of the Second Temple period is represented in the Syriac tradition by biblical pseudepigrapha (especially of apocalyptic genre) and Josephus. The extant Syriac manuscripts containing these documents belong to the period spanning the sixth to the twentieth centuries. Like the majority of not originally Syriac writings, many texts in the corpus under discussion have been translated from Greek. Some of these texts have been preserved uniquely in Syriac, while others have parallel versions in other languages of Christian Orient. Some texts must be faithful renderings of ancient originals. Other texts in their present form are products of late antique or medieval reworking in Greek or Syriac. Differentiating between ancient and medieval, as well as between Jewish and Christian, materials is not always easy.
General Processes of Development
Authors: Miller Scott A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Parents hold beliefs not only about specific aspects of their children’s development (the focus of most of the remaining chapters) but also about the general processes through which such developments come about. So, too, do developmental psychologists. This chapter addresses the fit between what parents believe and what psychologists have concluded, concentrating especially on two issues. The nature–nurture issue concerns the interplay of biological and environmental factors in the determination of development, including beliefs about the relative importance of the two forces and about particular environmental contributors, including parents. The continuity–discontinuity issue concerns the extent to which psychological functioning is characterized by consistency or change. As applied to development, the question is whether developmental change is a matter of incremental, quantitative change or whether qualitative change also occurs. As applied to children’s competencies and characteristics, the question is whether children’s behavior and the rules that govern it are consistent or variable across different tasks and different contexts.
Infancy
Authors: Miller Scott A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter is the first of four to address beliefs about particular parts of the developmental span. It begins with work on parents’ knowledge of infancy, both infancy in general (e.g., milestones of development) and their own infant in particular. The middle section of the chapter considers parental beliefs and related behaviors with respect to three infant behaviors that often pose challenges for parents: crying, sleeping, and eating. The chapter concludes with a discussion of two major outcomes of development that have their origins in infancy: attachment and temperament. Here, and in general, parents play two roles in the research literature: as informants of their children’s characteristics (i.e., parent-report measures) and as contributors, via their beliefs and behaviors, to these characteristics.
Adolescence
Authors: Miller Scott A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter completes the developmental span with a discussion of parents’ beliefs about adolescence. Parents’ knowledge of adolescence is the first topic addressed, with a special focus on parents’ knowledge of their adolescent’s activities. Parental knowledge is also a theme in the second section of the chapter, which discusses risky behaviors of various sorts (substance abuse, unprotected sex, delinquency). The third section of the chapter considers parent–child conflict, and the fourth discusses parents’ beliefs and practices with regard to the Internet. The chapter concludes with a discussion of three positive achievements of adolescence: romantic relationships, civic engagement, and ethnic identity.
Atypical Development
Authors: Miller Scott A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter considers deviations from the normal developmental path of two sorts. The first section of the chapter addresses childhood clinical syndromes that impact both children’s development and parents’ beliefs. Three syndromes are discussed: intellectual disabilities, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The second section of the chapter addresses deviations in the parent component of the parent–child dyad, considering both clinical conditions (in particular, depression and schizophrenia) and maladaptive parental practices (in particular, abuse or neglect). It also discusses the concept of resilience; that is, the ability of some children to overcome adverse early experiences.
Defining Familiarity and Overview of Concepts
Authors: Pozzulo Joanna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter discusses the familiarity construct, current definitions of familiarity in the field, as well as real-life cases in which the defendant was considered familiar to the eyewitness/victim. The current dictionary definition of familiarity is discussed in comparison to how people subjectively perceive familiarity. Differing definitions and considerations of how familiarity may be operationalized are considered and discussed thoroughly in this chapter—for example, subjective feelings of familiarity, prior exposure to an individual, length of exposure, celebrity status and feelings of familiarity, yearbooks, personal interaction and its role in familiarity, and revealing personal information about one’s self. The chapter concludes with summaries of real-life cases involving a familiar-stranger and provides a suggestion for why familiarity has been ignored in the eyewitness literature.
Empire's Legacy
Authors: Veugelers John W.P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Building on the idea of latent political potential, this book offers an alternative interpretation of the contemporary far right. Its main thesis is that relations between colonizers and colonized implanted a legacy that, under certain conditions, translated into support for the far right in France. To make this argument, the book offers a model for the study of political potentials that combines a situational approach to identity relations, a networks approach to subcultural practice, and a historical approach to political opportunity. The early part of this book traces the origins and development of this potential among the European settlers of French Algeria. The middle part examines its transmission via voluntary associations and its channeling into mainstream parties. The latter part examines the conditions under which this potential redirected into the far right. Starting with colonial Algeria, after independence in 1962 the book moves between politics at three levels: France, the southeast region, and Toulon (which in 1995 became the largest city in postwar Europe to elect a far-right administration). Complementing economic explanations for nativism, this book argues that our understanding of modernity errs when it disregards the potency of anachronistic remnants.
The Unmaking of the Colony
Authors: Veugelers John W.P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter covers the years between the start of World War II and the end of the Algerian War (1939–1962). The German defeat of France, wartime privations, infighting between Petainists and Gaullists, and the Allied invasion of North Africa diminished the image of the colonizer. The French repressed Algerian nationalism, but this only bought time. During the Algerian War, the Europeans set aside old left-right differences in uniting politically. Their relations with the Muslim population became not only more poisoned but also overlaid with fresh fears, resentments, and stereotypes. Algerian independence transformed the settlers into losers of decolonization and the Fifth Republic.
Building a Base for the National Front
Authors: Veugelers John W.P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter traces the origins and development of the far right under the Fifth Republic. Without discounting older roots in the interwar Ligues, the followers of Marshall Pétain, and the anti-tax movement of Pierre Poujade, it brings out the importance of the political battle for French Algeria. Uniting anti-communists and anti-Gaullists, it revitalized the French far right and paved the way for the creation of the National Front in 1972. After tracing the far right’s reaction to May ’68 and to the success of the neo-fascists in Italy in the early 1970s, the chapter reviews the early history of the National Front, and (against economic patterns) provides an alternative explanation for its electoral breakthrough in the 1980s.
Transmitting a Far-Right Affinity
Authors: Veugelers John W.P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter examines the linkages between voluntary association, political patronage, and extremist politics. Post-election surveys conducted in Toulon after the presidential and parliamentary elections of 2002, 2007, and 2012 show that patriotic associations insulate their members within a subculture that nurtures support for the far right. This confirms the notion that associations that discourage cross-cutting social ties are not schools for tolerance. In addition, the chapter documents the prevalence of political patronage for voluntary associations. This undermines the autonomy of civil society from the state; and suggests that, indirectly, the state has helped to a support milieu that harbors a far-right potential.
The Persian Mirror
Authors: Mokhberi Susan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Persian Mirror explores France’s preoccupation with Persia in the seventeenth century. Long before Montesquieu’s Persian Letters, French intellectuals, diplomats, and even ordinary Parisians were fascinated by Persia and eagerly consumed travel accounts, fairy tales, and the spectacle of the Persian ambassador’s visit to Paris and Versailles in 1715. Using diplomatic sources, fiction, and printed and painted images, The Persian Mirror describes how the French came to see themselves in Safavid Persia. In doing so, it revises our notions of Orientalism and the exotic and suggests that early modern Europeans had more nuanced responses to Asia than previously imagined.
Persia
Authors: Mokhberi Susan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Translations of Persian texts, fairy tales, and paintings reveal how French writers reinvented Persia to suit their own notions. French translations in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were often more like adaptations with many fabricated elements rather than strict translations. Works by André du Ryer and François Pétis de la Croix, for example, could suggest a civil, polite, and courteous yet magical Persia. Charles Le Brun’s painting “The Queens of Persia at the Feet of Alexander” presented Persia as a complement to the ideal princely virtues that Louis XIV wished to project. The painting and tales established Persia as a match for French polite conduct, refinement, and royal behavior.
Against All Odds
Authors: Mokhberi Susan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Attempts at diplomatic outreach encouraged France’s connection to Persia in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The descriptions of the French embassy to Persia between 1706 and 1708 reveal the challenges that the ambassador, Pierre-Victor Michel, faced navigating Persian political factions and dealing with a French rival, a woman named Marie Petit. Michel’s memoirs outline his efforts to find common tools of negotiation between France and Persia. For Michel, the Safavid government paralleled French monarchy, and he was able to find shared notions upon which he and his Persian hosts managed to draft a treaty concerning commercial and religious affairs.
Deaf Identities: A Maturing Framework
Authors: Leigh Irene W. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter provides a brief historical overview of how deaf identities have evolved. Emphasis is placed on the role psychology has played in expanding investigations into the nature of deaf identities and how these identities impact the lives of deaf people. Included is a description of what identity in general and deaf identities specifically represent and how these deaf identities have been categorized in the literature. This sets the stage for the need to incorporate perspectives of deaf identities as conceptualized by academic disciplines other than psychology in order to strengthen the literature on deaf identities. The chapter concludes with descriptions of each chapter and a call to action in researching deaf identities in less-explored multidiverse groups of deaf people.
Deaf and Queer at the Intersections: Deaf LGBTQ People and Communities
Authors: Miller Cara A. , Clark Kyle Amber 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The issue of sexual orientation in conjunction with deaf identities has not been extensively studied. In this chapter, a clinical psychologist and a licensed professional counselor, both of whom are deaf, have canvassed current literature to provide the reader with an overview of this topic. They intricates on how LGBTQ identities become socially medicalized and minoritized, how development of these identities occurs, the diversity as well inequity within this multifarious and electric group of individuals, the multiple oppressions experienced by many LGBTQ who are Deaf or hard of hearing, and the intersectional issues especially confronted by certain Deaf LGBTQ groups, including people of color and transgender youth and adults. They rely on the lenses of social justice and intersectional analysis to buttress their points.
Looking Through the Kaleidoscope: A Metaphor for Convergences of Identities
Authors: Hackett Denise Thew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter dives into the exploration of how identities and the variables contributing to these identities converge. The author, a deaf counseling psychologist, uses the kaleidoscope as a metaphor to illustrate this process. She describes her own identity exploration as a deaf woman, including the ways that personal and professional identities have been influenced by multiple variables interacting with each other as illustrated by the movement of the various elements of the kaleidoscope. To broaden her understanding of her life journey, she relies on acculturation and intersectional theories and outlines how these theories fit with her experiences. She also examines the implications of deaf identity formation for psychological well-being.