bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Drinking Water Quality in Schools in a District Area in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Hung Dang The , Thi Cuc Vu , Thi Bich Phuong Vu , Thi Thanh Diu Dao , Thi Huyen Trang Nguyen , Phuong Thoa Nguyen , Thi Tuyet Chinh Do , Manh Hung Ta , Manh Linh Chu , Van Long Nguyen 
Published: September 2020

Background: Drinking water quality affects directly human health. Assessment and prevention of water-borne diseases are crucial for primary prevention, especially for children. Objective: The main aim of this study was to investigate the quality of drinking water from tap water in preschools and primary schools in a district area in Hanoi City, Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed from August to October 2019. Water samples from tap water of 154 schools in a district area of Hanoi were collected to determine the quality of drinking water. From each school, at least 2 bottles of water samples were collected on the basis of a standard operating procedure (SOP). Each water sample was analyzed for microbial and physicochemical parameters, including Color, Taste and Odor, Turbidity, pH, Nitrite, Nitrate, Ammonium, Total Iron, Permanganate, Chloride, Hardness, Total Manganese, Sulfate, Arsenic, Coliform, and E.coli, by analytical methods. The obtained values of each parameter were compared with the standard values set by WHO and National Technical Regulation on Domestic Water Quality of Vietnam. Results: All of the schools employed community water system as a main source for drinking water. The results showed that all tested samples were found to be within the standards for some physicochemical properties, including Color, Taste and Odor, Hardness, Chloride, Total Iron (Fe2+ và Fe3+), Total Manganese (Mn), Nitrate (NO3–), Sulfate (SO42–), and Total Arsenic (As). On the other hand, some samples did not meet the allowable limits of the national standard, due to pH (3.9%), Turbidity (0.6%), Nitrite (3.2%), Permanganate (6.5%), and Ammonium (5.8%). Furthermore, the microbial data revealed that the substandard water samples from municipal water systems were contaminated by Coliform (9.7%) and/or E.coli (7.8%). Conclusions and recommendations: Contaminants such as bacterial and chemical agents in to drinking water could be occurred during transport, storage and handling before using by the consumer without regular surveillance. A periodic treatment procedure and monitoring system to keep the level of microbial and chemical contamination of drinking water in schools under control should be performed.
Study on the Fingerprints and Quality Evaluation of Angelica Sinensis Radix by HPLC Coupled With Chemometrics Based on Traditional Decoction Process of ACPTCM
Authors: Qian Zhang , Yiyang Chen , Lixia Ma , Yue Jiang , Jun Chen , Jie Dong , Yifan Ma , Jingjing Zhang , Guojun Yan 
Published: September 2020

Objective: To establish a HPLC fingerprints evaluation method for Angelica Sinensis Radix (ASR) based on traditional decoction process of Ancient Classical Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ACPTCM). Methods: The fingerprints of 10 batches of ASR were further evaluated by chemometrics methods. The similarity analyzed with “Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2004A,” and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed by SPSS (version 22.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: There were 12 common peaks, and the similarity degrees of 10 batches of samples were more than 0.923 and showed that all the samples from different origins were of good consistency. The samples were divided into 4 clusters by HCA. The results of PCA showed that the 3 factors were chosen, the quality of samples could be evaluated basically. The comprehensive score results show that the ASR with Lot.Nos.DG-18007, DG-18008 in Weiyuan County, Gansu and DG-18009 produced in Minle County, Gansu Province rank among the top 3 in all samples. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that the combination of HPLC chromatographic fingerprint and chemometrics offers an efficient and reliable approach for quality evaluation of ASR from different sources as Ancient Classical Prescriptions ingredients.
Immunomodulation Through Low-Dose Radiation for Severe COVID-19: Lessons From the Past and New Developments
Authors: Hanekamp Yannic N. , Giordano James , Hanekamp Jaap C. , Khan Mohammad K. , Limper Maarten , Venema Constantijn S. , Vergunst Samuel D. , Verhoeff Joost J. C. , Calabrese Edward J. 
Published: September 2020

Low-dose radiation therapy (LD-RT) has historically been a successful treatment for pneumonia and is clinically established as an immunomodulating therapy for inflammatory diseases. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has elicited renewed scientific interest in LD-RT and multiple small clinical trials have recently corroborated the historical LD-RT findings and demonstrated preliminary efficacy and immunomodulation for the treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The present review explicates archival medical research data of LD-RT and attempts to translate this into modernized evidence, relevant for the COVID-19 crisis. Additionally, we explore the putative mechanisms of LD-RT immunomodulation, revealing specific downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines that are integral to the development of the COVID-19 cytokine storm induced hyperinflammatory state. Radiation exposure in LD-RT is minimal compared to radiotherapy dosing standards in oncology care and direct toxicity and long-term risk for secondary disease are expected to be low. The recent clinical trials investigating LD-RT for COVID-19 confirm initial treatment safety. Based on our findings we conclude that LD-RT could be an important treatment option for COVID-19 patients that are likely to progress to severity. We advocate the further use of LD-RT in carefully monitored experimental environments to validate its effectiveness, risks and mechanisms of LD-RT.
Test the Effectiveness of Quantitative Linear-Quadratic-Based (qLQB) Model on Evaluating Irradiation-Induced Liver Injury (ILI) Against Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP)
Authors: Bai Han , Wang Li , Li Wenhui , Liu Xuhong , Xia Yaoxiong , Chang Li 
Published: September 2020

Objectives: To test the effectiveness of quantitative linear-quadratic-based (qLQB) model on evaluating irradiation-induced liver injury (ILI) and establish the relation between the damaged ratio/percent (DRP) in qLQB model and normal tissue complication probility (NTCP). Materials and Methods: We established the qLQB model to calculate the ratio/percent (RP) between damaged cell/functional subunit (FSU) and entire cell/FSU of liver for radiation dose response, tested the qLQB against the Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) model, and established relation between the RP and NTCP through analyzing the dose of 32 patients with cancer of abdominal cavity who were treated with radiation therapy at our department. Based on varied α/β and varied parameters for NTCP, we put the calculated results into varied arrays for the next analysis. We named the 2 groups of RPs: RP1 (α/β = 3.0, α = 0.03) and RP2 (α/β = 8.0, α = 0.26), and named the 2 groups of NTCPs: NTCP1 (n = 0.32, m = 0.15, TD50(1) = 4000 cGy) and NTCP2 (n = 1.10, m = 0.28, TD50(1) = 4050 cGy). Results: Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations among the groups, the results were as follows: RP1 vs NTCP1, rs = 0.83827, p < 0.0001; RP1 vs NTCP2, rs = 0.83827, p < 0.0001; RP2 vs NTCP2, rs = 0.79289, p < 0.0001; and RP2 vs NTCP1, rs = 0.79289, p < 0.0001. Conclusions: There is a significant correlation between RP value and NTCP for evaluating ILI, and there is no difference between qLQB model and LKB model on evaluating ILI.
Setting performance benchmarks for stroke care delivery: Which quality indicators should be prioritized in quality improvement; an analysis in 500,331 stroke admissions
Authors: Li Xi , Wang Chao , Rehman Shazia , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Wei , Su Shaofei , Bao Xiaoqiang , Li Jingkun , Liu Meina , Wang Yongchen 
Published: September 2020

Background and aim Benchmarking is a management approach for implementing best medical practices at the lowest cost. The objectives of this study were to set achievable performance benchmarks for individual quality indicators to determine the predicted quality achievement related to better adherence, and to select optimal quality indicators for improving the quality of acute ischemic stroke care. Methods We analyzed data on 500,331 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke who were treated at 518 hospitals in China from January 2011 to May 2017. The primary outcome was independence (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2) at discharge. Data-driven achievable benchmarking used the “pared-mean” approach to set objective performance targets. Hierarchical logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the process–outcome association, as well as the predicted quality improvement if all hospitals were to operate at the benchmark level. Results Of the overall population, 64.01% were independent patients at discharge. The performance benchmarks were >90% for most of the quality indicators. After adjusting for patient-level and hospital-level characteristics and unifying hospital performance to the benchmark level, the quality indicators with high increase in both overall adherence rate and independence rate were thrombolytic therapy, anticoagulant therapy, venous thrombosis prophylaxis. Conclusions Performance targets for three acute treatments, including thrombolytic therapy, anticoagulant therapy, venous thrombosis prophylaxis, could best motivate improvements in both overall adherence rate and independence rate at discharge. The finding suggests that the above three types of acute treatment should be given priority to improve the quality of acute ischemic stroke care.
Comparison of the Safety of Outpatient Cervical Disc Replacement With Inpatient Cervical Disc Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Meng Yang , Liu Hao , Hong Ying , Wang Beiyu , Ding Chen , Yang Yi 
Published: September 2020

Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Objectives: Outpatient cervical disc replacement (CDR) has been performed with an increasing trend in recent years. However, the safety profile surrounding outpatient CDR remains insufficient. The present study systematically reviewed the current studies about outpatient CDR and performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the current evidence on the safety of outpatient CDR as a comparison with the inpatient CDR. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases comprehensively up to April 2020. Patient demographic data, overall complication, readmission, returning to the operation room, operating time were analyzed with the Stata 14 software and R 3.4.4 software. Results: Nine retrospective studies were included. Patients underwent outpatient CDR were significantly younger (mean difference [MD] = −1.97; 95% CI −3.80 to −0.15; P = .034) and had lower prevalence of hypertension (OR = 0.68; 95% CI 0.53-0.87; P = .002) compared with inpatient CDR. The pooled prevalence of overall complication was 0.51% (95% CI 0.10% to 1.13%) for outpatient CDR. Outpatient CDR had a 59% reduction in risk of developing complications (OR = 0.41; 95% CI 0.18-0.95; P = .037). Outpatient CDR showed significantly shorter operating time (MD = −18.37; 95% CI −25.96 to −10.77; P < .001). The readmission and reoperation rate were similar between the 2 groups. Conclusions: There is a lack of prospective studies on the safety of outpatient CDR. However, current evidence shows outpatient CDR can be safely performed under careful patient selection. High-quality, large prospective studies are needed to demonstrate the generalizability of this study.
Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1-pSer326) predicts response to bortezomib-containing chemotherapy in pediatric AML: a COG report
Authors: Hoff Fieke W. , van Dijk Anneke D. , Qiu Yihua , Ruvolo Peter P. , Gerbing Robert B. , Leonti Amanda R. , Jenkins Gaye N. , Gamis Alan S. , Aplenc Richard , Kolb E. Anders , Alonzo Todd A. , Meshinchi Soheil , de Bont Eveline S. J. M. , Bruggeman Sophia W. M. , Kornblau Steven M. , Horton Terzah M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Bortezomib (BTZ) was recently evaluated in a randomized phase 3 clinical trial by the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) that compared standard chemotherapy (cytarabine, daunorubicin, and etoposide [ADE]) vs standard therapy with BTZ (ADEB) for de novo pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although the study concluded that BTZ did not improve outcome overall, we examined patient subgroups benefiting from BTZ-containing chemotherapy using proteomic analyses. The proteasome inhibitor BTZ disrupts protein homeostasis and activates cytoprotective heat shock responses. Total heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and phosphorylated HSF1 (HSF1-pSer326) were measured in leukemic cells from 483 pediatric patients using reverse phase protein arrays. HSF1-pSer326 phosphorylation was significantly lower in pediatric AML compared with CD34+ nonmalignant cells. We identified a strong correlation between HSF1-pSer326 expression and BTZ sensitivity. BTZ significantly improved outcome of patients with low-HSF1-pSer326 with a 5-year event-free survival of 44% (ADE) vs 67% for low-HSF1-pSer326 treated with ADEB (P = .019). To determine the effect of HSF1 expression on BTZ potency in vitro, cell viability with HSF1 gene variants that mimicked phosphorylated (S326A) and nonphosphorylated (S326E) HSF1-pSer326 were examined. Those with increased HSF1 phosphorylation showed clear resistance to BTZ vs those with wild-type or reduced HSF1-phosphorylation. We hypothesize that HSF1-pSer326 expression could identify patients who benefit from BTZ-containing chemotherapy.
Machine learning demonstrates that somatic mutations imprint invariant morphologic features in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Nagata Yasunobu , Zhao Ran , Awada Hassan , Kerr Cassandra M. , Mirzaev Inom , Kongkiatkamon Sunisa , Nazha Aziz , Makishima Hideki , Radivoyevitch Tomas , Scott Jacob G. , Sekeres Mikkael A. , Hobbs Brian P. , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Morphologic interpretation is the standard in diagnosing myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), but it has limitations, such as varying reliability in pathologic evaluation and lack of integration with genetic data. Somatic events shape morphologic features, but the complexity of morphologic and genetic changes makes clear associations challenging. This article interrogates novel clinical subtypes of MDS using a machine-learning technique devised to identify patterns of cooccurrence among morphologic features and genomic events. We sequenced 1079 MDS patients and analyzed bone marrow morphologic alterations and other clinical features. A total of 1929 somatic mutations were identified. Five distinct morphologic profiles with unique clinical characteristics were defined. Seventy-seven percent of higher-risk patients clustered in profile 1. All lower-risk (LR) patients clustered into the remaining 4 profiles: profile 2 was characterized by pancytopenia, profile 3 by monocytosis, profile 4 by elevated megakaryocytes, and profile 5 by erythroid dysplasia. These profiles could also separate patients with different prognoses. LR MDS patients were classified into 8 genetic signatures (eg, signature A had TET2 mutations, signature B had both TET2 and SRSF2 mutations, and signature G had SF3B1 mutations), demonstrating association with specific morphologic profiles. Six morphologic profiles/genetic signature associations were confirmed in a separate analysis of an independent cohort. Our study demonstrates that nonrandom or even pathognomonic relationships between morphology and genotype to define clinical features can be identified. This is the first comprehensive implementation of machine-learning algorithms to elucidate potential intrinsic interdependencies among genetic lesions, morphologies, and clinical prognostic in attributes of MDS.
Neutrophils promote clearance of nuclear debris following acid-induced lung injury
Authors: Oved Joseph H. , Paris Andrew J. , Gollomp Kandace , Dai Ning , Rubey Kathryn , Wang Ping , Spruce Lynn A. , Seeholzer Steven H. , Poncz Mortimer , Worthen G. Scott 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Neutrophils are critical mediators of host defense in pathogen-induced and sterile inflammation. Excessive neutrophil activation has been associated with increased host pathology through collateral organ damage. The beneficial aspects of neutrophil activation, particularly in sterile inflammation, are less well defined. We observed accumulation of nuclear debris in the lungs of neutropenic mice exposed to acid-induced injury compared with wild type. Size analysis of DNA debris showed that neutropenic mice were unable to degrade extracellular DNA fragments. In addition, we found that neutrophils are able to differentially express DNA-degrading and repair-associated genes and proteins. Once neutrophils are at sites of lung inflammation, they are able to phagocytose and degrade extracellular DNA. This neutrophil-dependent DNA degradation occurs in a MyD88-dependent pathway. The increased DNA debris in neutropenic mice was associated with dysregulated alveolar repair and the phenotype is rescued by intratracheal administration of DNase I. Thus, we show a novel mechanism as part of the inflammatory response, in which neutrophils engulf and degrade extracellular DNA fragments and allow for optimal organ repair.
A phase 2 study of venetoclax plus R-CHOP as first-line treatment for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Morschhauser Franck , Feugier Pierre , Flinn Ian W. , Gasiorowski Robin , Greil Richard , Illés Árpád , Johnson Nathalie A. , Larouche Jean-François , Lugtenburg Pieternella J. , Patti Caterina , Salles Gilles A. , Trněný Marek , de Vos Sven , Mir Farheen , Samineni Divya , Kim Su Y. , Jiang Yanwen , Punnoose Elizabeth , Sinha Arijit , Clark Emma , Spielewoy Nathalie , Humphrey Kathryn , Bazeos Alexandra , Zelenetz Andrew D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The phase 2 CAVALLI (NCT02055820) study assessed efficacy and safety of venetoclax, a selective B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) inhibitor, with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in first-line (1L) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), including patients demonstrating Bcl-2 protein overexpression by immunohistochemistry (Bcl-2 IHC+). Eligible patients were ≥18 years of age and had previously untreated DLBCL, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤2, and International Prognostic Index 2 to 5. Venetoclax 800 mg (days 4-10, cycle 1; days 1-10, cycles 2-8) was administered with rituximab (8 cycles) and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (6-8 cycles) in 21-day cycles. Primary end points were safety, tolerability, and complete response (CR) at end of treatment (EOT). Secondary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival. Comparative analyses used covariate-adjusted R-CHOP controls from the GOYA/BO21005 study, an appropriate contemporary benchmark for safety and efficacy. Safety and efficacy analyses included 206 patients. CR rate at EOT was 69% in the overall population and was maintained across Bcl-2 IHC+ subgroups. With a median follow-up of 32.2 months, trends were observed for improved investigator-assessed PFS for venetoclax plus R-CHOP in the overall population (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.87) and Bcl-2 IHC+ subgroups (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.34-0.89) vs R-CHOP. Despite a higher incidence of grade 3/4 hematologic adverse events (86%), related mortality was not increased (2%). Chemotherapy dose intensity was similar in CAVALLI vs GOYA. The addition of venetoclax to R-CHOP in 1L DLBCL demonstrates increased, but manageable, myelosuppression and the potential of improved efficacy, particularly in high-risk Bcl-2 IHC+ patient subgroups.
Why drivers are frustrated: results from a diary study and focus groups
Authors: Bosch Esther , Ihme Klas , Drewitz Uwe , Jipp Meike , Oehl Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Designing emotion-aware systems has become a manageable aim through recent developments in computer vision and machine learning. In the context of driver behaviour, especially negative emotions like frustration have shifted into the focus of major car manufacturers. Recognition and mitigation of the same could lead to safer roads in manual and more comfort in automated driving. While frustration recognition and also general mitigation methods have been previously researched, the knowledge of reasons for frustration is necessary to offer targeted solutions for frustration mitigation. However, up to the present day, systematic investigations about reasons for frustration behind the wheel are lacking.

Methods
Therefore, in this work a combination of diary study and user focus groups was employed to shed light on reasons why humans become frustrated during driving. In addition, participants of the focus groups were asked for their usual coping methods with frustrating situations.

Results
It was revealed that the main reasons for frustration in driving are related to traffic, in-car reasons, self-inflicted causes, and weather. Coping strategies that drivers use in everyday life include cursing, distraction by media and thinking about something else, amongst others. This knowledge will help to design a frustration-aware system that monitors the driver’s environment according to the spectrum of frustration causes found in the research presented here.
Bioinformatic screening for candidate biomarkers and their prognostic values in endometrial cancer
Authors: Li Yaowei , Li Li 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundEndometrial cancer is a common gynecological cancer with annually increasing incidence worldwide. However, the biomarkers that provide prognosis and progression for this disease remain elusive.ResultsTwo eligible human endometrial cancer datasets (GSE17025 and GSE25405) were selected for the study. A total of 520 differentially expressed mRNAs and 30 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. These mRNAs were mainly enriched in cell cycle, skeletal system development, vasculature development, oocyte maturation, and oocyte meiosis signalling pathways. A total of 160 pairs of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs, including 22 differentially expressed miRNAs and 71 overlapping differentially expressed mRNAs, were validated in endometrial cancer samples using starBase v2.0 project. The prognosis analysis revealed that Cyclin E1 (CCNE1, one of the 82 hub genes, which correlated with hsa-miR-195 and hsa-miR-424) was significantly linked to a worse overall survival in endometrial cancer patients.ConclusionsThe hub genes and differentially expressed miRNAs identified in this study might be used as prognostic biomarkers for endometrial cancer and molecular targets for its treatment.