bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing sustainable consumption practices on cruise ships
Authors: Tsai Feng-Ming , Bui Tat-Dat 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine a hierarchical framework for sustainable consumption (SC) for cruise ships and identify the causal relationships and decisive attributes of cruise ship operation practices that allow cruise organizations to achieve a higher level of sustainable performance.

Design/methodology/approach
This study applies a hybrid of the Delphi method and a fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL). DEMATEL methodology helps to construct complex causal relations through digraphs, which depict interrelationships among attributes. The fuzzy set theory assesses experts’ perceptions of attributes given in linguistic preferences. The Delphi method has been previously used to validate attributes and determine the validity and reliability of the construct from qualitative information.

Findings
A set of three aspects containing 21 criteria were defined based on previous literature and expert consultations. The analysis results show that waste minimization and recycling and recovery are causal aspects that influence efficient resource use. Emission controls on ships, cruise ship alternative energy sources, ballast water treatment systems, water purification systems and nanofiltration systems are also prominent criteria for the improvement of SC during cruise ship operation.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature by offering a hierarchical framework for SC literature and confirming the role of this issue in improving the cruise industry sustainability. In practice, as such results provide key attributes for successful performance, the implications are offered for companies developing new activities, either in ensuring compliance with business goals or in decreasing the environmental impact.
Teaching for the future: a transnational university practice
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Jiajun 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore an innovative teaching design to teach accounting management that aims to foster students’ technical and soft skills. The effectiveness of this new teaching design addresses current concerns for universities preparing students for the future.Design/methodology/approachThe paper deploys the qualitative research methodology and applies multiple methods to gather data in a case study. The researchers collected data through pre- and post-surveys of individual students, three half-day observations on the five project teams and a one-hour long semi-structured interview with a focus group.FindingsFive themes emerged in the research to support the effectiveness of the new teaching design. The study also showed that students’ abilities in self-directed learning (SDL) link to their learning experiences. When students were more capable of initiating learning, such ability enriched their practices of soft skills in the team setting.Research limitations/implicationsThis one-shot study had a small group of homogeneous participants and had no baseline comparison to identify the increment of students’ soft skills.Practical implicationsThe findings provide valuable insights into the course design and implementation of the teaching approach for the future. The paper suggests that fostering students’ SDL will increase the effectiveness of soft skills development.Originality/valueThis empirical research extends current knowledge of teaching soft skills and calls for action on the development of students’ SDL abilities.
A novel gas/liquid two-phase flow imaging method through electrical resistance tomography with DDELM-AE sparse dictionary
Authors: Li Bo , Wang Jian ming , Wang Qi , Li Xiu yan , Duan Xiaojie 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore gas/liquid two-phase flow is widely existed in industrial fields, especially in chemical engineering. Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is considered to be one of the most promising techniques to monitor the transient flow process because of its advantages such as fast respond speed and cross-section imaging. However, maintaining high resolution in space together with low cost is still challenging for two-phase flow imaging because of the ill-conditioning of ERT inverse problem.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a sparse reconstruction (SR) method based on the learned dictionary has been proposed for ERT, to accurately monitor the transient flow process of gas/liquid two-phase flow in a pipeline. The high-level representation of the conductivity distributions for typical flow regimes can be extracted based on denoising the deep extreme learning machine (DDELM) model, which is used as prior information for dictionary learning.

Findings
The results from simulation and dynamic experiments indicate that the proposed algorithm efficiently improves the quality of reconstructed images as compared to some typical algorithms such as Landweber and SR-discrete fourier transformation/discrete cosine transformation. Furthermore, the SR-DDELM has also used to estimate the important parameters of the chemical process, a case in point is the volume flow rate. Therefore, the SR-DDELM is considered an ideal candidate for online monitor the gas/liquid two-phase flow.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills a novel approach to effectively monitor the gas/liquid two-phase flow in pipelines. One deep learning model and one adaptive dictionary are trained via the same prior conductivity, respectively. The model is used to extract high-level representation. The dictionary is used to represent the features of the flow process. SR and extraction of high-level representation are performed iteratively. The new method can obviously improve the monitoring accuracy and save calculation time.
Eat up! Prevention of plate waste in tourism and hospitality: a perspective paper
Authors: Dolnicar Sara 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
Plate waste is uneaten food left behind on the plate after a meal. Plate waste – like all food waste – burdens the environment. Plate waste – in contrast to other types of food waste – is absolutely unnecessary and almost entirely preventable. This study aims to synthesize past research on plate waste and outline a future research agenda.

Design/methodology/approach
Past research into plate waste is discussed, and the need for specific directions of future research is pointed out. A systematics of measures for the prevention of plate waste is offered which uses the following as criteria: the suitability of measures to the hospitality context; and whether the measure has been scientifically proven to be effective.

Findings
Plate waste research has a very short history. To date, efforts have been focusing on quantifying the extent of the problem. More theoretical work is needed to identify drivers of place waste and develop and experimentally test theory-based practical interventions to reduce the amount of plate waste generated.

Originality/value
The key contribution of this perspective paper is to synthesize prior work on plate waste and offer a future research agenda.
What’s on trial? The making of field experiments in international development
Authors: de Souza Leão Luciana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the last 20 years, the drive for evidence‐based policymaking has been coupled with a concurrent push for the use of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as the “gold‐standard” for generating rigorous evidence on whether or not development interventions work. Drawing on content analysis of 63 development RCTs and 4 years of participant observation, I provide a rich description of the diverse set of actors and the transnational organizational effort required to implement development RCTs and maintain their “scientific status.” Particularly, I investigate the boundary work that proponents of RCTs—also known as randomistas—do to differentiate the purposes and merits of testing development projects from doing them, as a way to bypass the political and ethical problems presented by adopting the experimental method with foreign aid beneficiaries in poor countries. Although randomistas have been mostly successful in differentiating RCTs from the projects evaluated, I also examine cases where they were not able to do so, as a means to highlight the controversies associated with implementing RCTs in international development.
Testing planets: Institutions tested in an era of uncertainty
Authors: Vertesi Janet 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrior accounts of the experimenter’s regress in laboratory testing are set against the background of a relatively stable institutional context. Even if the tools are new or the object of investigation is unknown, participating entities are named, a certain degree of funding is presumed, and an organization exists to conduct the test. In this paper, I argue that this background assumption obscures the importance of institutional and organizational context to the sociology of testing. I analyze ethnographic data gathered among a NASA team whose funding is uncertain, whose mission organization is not yet established, and whose object of investigation is inaccessible. In what I characterize as “ontological flexibility,” I reveal how scientists shift their accounts of object agency in response to changes in their institutional environment. As they describe the moon as “uncooperative” or “multiple” while they make appeals to institutions at various stages of support in their exploration projects, this reveals the presence of an “institutional regress”: a previously overlooked aspect of the sociology of testing.
State work and the testing concours of citizenship
Authors: Schinkel Willem 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAnyone trying to be a citizen has to pass through a set of practices trying to be a state. This paper investigates some of the ways testing practices calibrate citizens, and in doing so, perform “the state.” The paper focuses on three forms of citizenship testing, which it considers exemplary forms of “state work,” and which all, in various ways, concern “migration.” First, the constitution of a “border crossing,” which requires an identity test configured by deceptibility. Second, the Dutch asylum process, in which “being gay” can, in certain cases, be reason for being granted asylum, but where “being gay” is also the outcome of an examination organized by suspicion. And third, the Dutch measurement of immigrants’ “integration,” which is comprised of a testing process in which such factishes as “being a member of society” and “being modern” surface. Citizenship is analyzed in this paper as accrued and (re)configured along a migration trajectory that takes shape as a testing concours, meaning that subjects become citizens along a trajectory of testing practices. In contributing both to work on states and citizenship, and to work on testing, this paper thus puts forward the concept of citizenship testing as state work, where “state work is the term for that kind of labor that most knows itself as comparison, equivalency, and exchange in the social realm” (Harney, 2002, pp. 10–11). Throughout the testing practices discussed here, comparison, equivalency, and exchange figure prominently as the practical achievements of crafting states and citizens.
Maternal haemodynamic function differs in pre‐eclampsia when it is associated with a small‐for‐gestational‐age newborn: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Perry H , Binder J , Gutierrez J , Thilaganathan B , Khalil A 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo describe maternal haemodynamic differences in gestational hypertension with small‐for‐gestational‐age babies (HDP + SGA), gestational hypertension with appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age babies (HDP‐only) and control pregnancies.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingTertiary Hospital, UK.PopulationWomen with gestational hypertension and healthy pregnant women.MethodsMaternal haemodynamic indices were measured using a non‐invasive Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor (USCOM‐1A®) and corrected for gestational age and maternal characteristics using device‐specific reference ranges.Main outcome measuresMaternal cardiac output, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance.ResultsWe included 114 HDP + SGA, 202 HDP‐only and 401 control pregnancies at 26–41 weeks of gestation. There was no significant difference in the mean arterial blood pressure (110 versus 107 mmHg, P = 0.445) between the two HDP groups at presentation. Pregnancies complicated by HDP + SGA had significantly lower median heart rate (76 versus 85 bpm versus 83 bpm), lower cardiac output (0.85 versus 0.98 versus 0.97 MoM) and higher systemic vascular resistance (1.4 versus 1.0 versus 1.2 MoM) compared with control and HDP‐only pregnancies, respectively (all P < 0.05).ConclusionWomen with HDP + SGA present with more severe haemodynamic dysfunction than HDP‐only. Even HDP‐only pregnancies exhibit impaired haemodynamic indices compared with normal pregnancies, supporting a role of the maternal cardiovascular system in gestational hypertension irrespective of fetal size. Central haemodynamic changes may play a role in the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia and should be considered alongside placental aetiology.Tweetable abstractHypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with worse maternal haemodynamic function when associated with small‐for‐gestational‐age birth.
The Error in “Error Rate”: Why Error Rates Are So Needed, Yet So Elusive
Authors: Dror Itiel E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEstablishing error rates is crucial for knowing how well one is performing, determining whether improvement is needed, measuring whether interventions are effective, as well as for providing transparency. However, the flurry of activities in establishing error rates for the forensic sciences has largely overlooked some fundamental issues that make error rates a problematic construct and limit the ability to obtain a meaningful error rate. These include knowing the ground truth, establishing appropriate databases, determining what counts as an error, characterizing what is an acceptable error rate, ecological validity, and transparency within the adversarial legal system. Without addressing these practical and theoretical challenges, the very notion of a meaningful error rate is limited.
Enhancing European Power
Authors: McCarthy Terry 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhy does Europe – or anyone for that matter – want to increase its power? To get more resources? Increase its security? Enhance its global prestige? Protect itself from unforeseeable risks that could completely change the status quo? All of the above? The US seeks to preserve its power and insulate itself from risks by supporting a strong and open economy, by maintaining an overpowering military capability, by promoting cutting‐edge technology and by underwriting a democratic society that can self‐renew by remaining open to immigrants (notwithstanding the policies of the current administration). China has been using its exponential economic growth and single party control of power to oversee an expansion in its military and technological power, simultaneously mobilizing a vast resource of labor by means of a population transfer from the countryside to cities on a scale that is larger than the world has ever seen.
Revisiting constraints to smallholder participation in high‐value markets: A best‐worst scaling approach
Authors: Ola Oreoluwa , Menapace Luisa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe show how policymakers in developing regions can generate richer insights from using the choice experiment method best‐worst scaling (BWS) method when ranking policy priorities on an importance scale. More specifically, we adopt BWS to provide an update on constraints that limit the participation of Kenyan horticultural smallholder farmers in modern agricultural value chains. In addition to traditional constraints posed by input market failures and missing institutions, we considered constraints such as trust and familiarity with buyers shown by recent empirical studies to inform smallholders’ market choices. Ascertaining the relevance of these constraints highlights our contribution to the existing literature. We find that farmers consistently rate access to high‐quality inputs as their main constraint followed by concerns about access to credit, the high cost of meeting food standards, missing cooperatives, and exploitative intermediaries. Respondents considered insufficient labor, small farmlands, and weak tenure rights as the least important constraints. Age, location, gender, household income, and education influence the relative importance various segments of smallholders place on these constraints. For example, constraints are economic rather than personal for low‐income farmers. Counterintuitively, rural smallholders are less likely to perceive poor transportation network as a constraint. Smallholders’ distrust of buyers they interact with is informed by their location and income. In designing intervention initiatives, policies that focus on segments of smallholders are needed for improving smallholder participation in modern agricultural value chains.
Efficient isolation, culture, purification, and stem cell expression profiles of primary tumor cells derived from uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , An Jusheng , Liu Mei , Li Ning , Wang Wenpeng , Yao Hongwen , Li Nan , Yang Xi , Sun Yangchun , Xu Ningzhi , Wu Lingying 
Published: April 2020

AbstractProblemSince not too many human uterus cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) cell lines in existence, efficient isolation, culture, and purification protocols for primary CSCC cells were optimized as a tool for the study of uterus CSCC.Method of studyThe protocols for partial multiple enzymatic digestion and explant cell culture were combined and then the resulting mixed cell component cultures were purified by magnetic‐activated cell sorting. Colony‐forming assay was utilized for detection of cell carcinogenesis potential, and immunofluorescence was used to detect protein expression of CSCC. Finally, flow cytometry (FCM) was performed to analyze cancer stem cells (CSCs) phenotypic markers as well as programmed cell death ligand 1(PD‐L 1).ResultsFreshly isolated cells containing tumor cells and cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) efficiently proliferate to 85% confluence on a 6 cm petri dish in 5‐7 days. Anti‐epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibody (EpCAM) microbeads were used to successfully separate a homogeneous subpopulation of epithelial tumor cells. Both EpCAM+ and EpCAM− cell subpopulations were able to be passaged more than 30 times. Proportions of tumor cell populations expressed CSCs markers such as CD133, CD24, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), and CD44. The vimentin+ & EpCAM− population, defined with CAFs, could express CD146 mesenchymal stem cells marker. Meanwhile, PD‐L 1 was identified in most subpopulation of CD44+ cells at low passage numbers.ConclusionEfficient isolation, culture, and purification protocols for primary CSCC cells were successfully built. Additionally, the profiling of CSCs cell markers might provide promising therapeutic targets and clinic strategies.
The Dynamic American Dream
Authors: Wolak Jennifer , Peterson David A. M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe American Dream is central to the national ethos, reflecting people's optimism that all who are willing to work hard can achieve a better life than their parents. Separate from the support for the idea of the American Dream itself is whether the public believes it is attainable. We consider the origins and dynamics of the public's belief in the achievability of the American Dream. Is the American Dream a symbolic vision, rooted in political socialization rather than contemporary politics? Or does optimism about the American Dream follow from the viability of the dream, rising with economic prosperity and falling with declining opportunity? We develop a new macrolevel measure of belief in the American Dream from 1973 to 2018. We show that it moves over time, responsive to changes in social mobility, income inequality, and economic perceptions. As inequality increases, belief in the attainability of the American Dream declines.
Blinatumomab and inotuzumab for B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children: a retrospective study from the Leukemia Working Group of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (SEHOP)
Authors: Fuster José L. , Molinos‐Quintana Agueda , Fuentes Carolina , Fernández José M. , Velasco Pablo , Pascual Toñi , Rives Susana , Dapena José L. , Sisinni Luisa , López‐Godino Oriana , Palomo Pilar , Villa‐Alcázar Marta , Bautista Francisco , González‐Vicent Marta , López‐Duarte Mónica , García‐Morín Marina , Ramos-Elbal Eduardo , Ramírez Manuel ,   the Leukemia Working Group of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology (SEHOP)
Published: April 2020

SummaryBlinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamycin represent promising alternatives to conventional chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). We analysed data from 29 children with ALL treated under compassionate use with blinatumomab, inotuzumab or both. The complete remission (CR) rate in a heavily pretreated population with overt relapse was 47·6%. At earlier stages (first/second CR), both antibodies represented a useful tool to reduce minimal residual disease, and/or avoid further toxic chemotherapy until stem cell transplantation. Six patients developed grade 3 reversible non‐haematological toxicity. The 12‐month overall survival and event‐free survival rates were 50·8 ± 26·4% and 38·9 ± 25·3% with blinatumomab, 45·8 ± 26% and 27·5 ± 25% with inotuzumab.
Primary prevention of venous thromboembolism with apixaban for multiple myeloma patients receiving immunomodulatory agents
Authors: Cornell Robert F. , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Engelhardt Brian G. , Moslehi Javid , Jagasia Madan , Harrell Shelton , Rubinstein Samuel M. , Hall Robert , Wyatt Houston , Piazza Gregory 
Published: April 2020

SummaryImmunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) have improved survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and comprise the therapeutic backbone at all phases of therapy. Although well‐tolerated, IMiDs increase rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In this phase IV, single‐arm pilot study, fifty patients with MM on IMiDs received apixaban 2·5 mg orally twice daily for primary prevention of VTE and were prospectively monitored for six months. The primary safety outcomes were rates of major haemorrhage and clinically relevant non‐major haemorrhage over six months. The primary efficacy outcome was the rate of symptomatic VTE over six months. IMiDs used were lenalidomide (58%) or pomalidomide (42%). During the six‐month evaluation period, no patients experienced major haemorrhage or VTE. Three patients experienced clinically relevant, non‐major haemorrhage which was managed medically, and all were able to resume apixaban. One patient stopped therapy shortly after initiation due to an allergic reaction to apixaban. No patients experienced stroke, myocardial infarction, or death. In this pilot study, low‐dose apixaban was safe and well‐tolerated as a primary prevention therapy of VTE for patients with MM receiving IMiDs. Further studies are needed to validate low‐dose apixaban as a standard primary prevention anti‐thrombotic strategy for patients with MM receiving IMiDs.