bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network Numerical Simulation of Impulsively-Started Transient Radiation-Convection Heat and Mass Transfer in a Saturated Darcy-Forchheimer Porous Medium
Authors: Anwar Beg O. , Zueco J. , Takhar H. S. S. , Beg´ T. A. A. 
Published: October 2019

We study the effects of thermal radiation and porous drag forces on the natural convection heat and mass transfer of a viscous, incompressible, gray, absorbingemmitting fluid flowing past an impulsively started moving vertical plate adjacent to a non-Darcian porous regime. The governing boundary-layer equations are formulated in an (X∗, Y∗, t∗) coordinate system with appropriate boundary conditions. The Rosseland diffusion approximation is employed to analyze the radiative heat flux and is appropriate for non-scattering media. The model is non-dimensionalized and solved with the network simulation model. We study the influence of Prandtl number, radiation-conduction parameter, thermal Grashof number, species Grashof number, Schmidt number, Darcy number and Forchheimer number on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and species function distributions. Additionally we compute the variation of the local skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number for selected thermophysical parameters. Increasing Darcy number is seen to accelerate the flow; the converse is apparent for an increase in Forchheimer number. Thermal radiation is seen to reduce both velocity and temperature in the boundary layer. The interactive effects of second order porous drag and thermal radiation are also considered. The model finds applications in solar energy collection systems, porous combustors, transport in fires in porous media (forest fires) and also the design of high temperature chemical process systems.
Genetic aspects of metabolic disorders in pregnant women with pathological weight gain
Authors: Ostafiichuk S. O. 
Published: October 2019

Polymorphism of the leptin receptor gene (LEPR) has been shown to be linked to obesity-related metabolic markers and phenotype. Therefore, we hypothesized that the Gln233Arg LEPR polymorphism is related to metabolic changes in pregnancy and the risk of excessive gestational weight gain (GWG). A total of 97 pregnant women with a singleton gestation were enrolled from April 2016 until December 2018. Genetic variants of LEPR were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction, leptin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, lipid profile, and carbohydrate status were assessed in the first, and third trimesters of pregnancy. The recommended GWG was diagnosed in 34.0%, insufficient in 19.6%, and excessive in 46.4% patients. Statistical analysis revealed that 20.6% patients were with AA genotype, 50.5% – AG genotype, and 28.9% – GG genotype. The frequency of GG-alleles carriers of the LEPR Gln233Arg gene in the group of excessive GWG patients was 3 times higher compared to recommended GWG patients. Thus, the inheritance of pathological G-homozygotes increases the risk of excessive weight gain by 7 times, compared to carriers of the AA genotype. LEPR GG polymorphism was significantly associated with high levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, lipoprotein low and very low density, and leptin compared to homozygous А-carriers in the third trimester of pregnancy. In pregnant women with GG polymorphism, the glucose level, insulin level, and HOMO-IR index were significantly increased compared to women with AA genotype in late pregnancy. In the group with excessive GWG, the presence of GG-alleles of the LEPR gene was accompanied by a higher level of hyperleptinemia, compared to carriers of AA-genotype. Inheritance of pathological G-homozygotes was associated with hyperlipidemia, leptin resistance with high leptin serum levels, and increased insulin resistance, which was especially manifested in excessive GWG. In our opinion, excessive GWG can be seen as a marker of the mother's genotype and genetic predisposition to the development of metabolic diseases after delivery.
Writing Iran from Exile
Authors: Davari Arash 
Published: October 2019

A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 1: The Artisanal Era, 1897-1941. by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2011. 456pp., Pb. $28.95 ISBN-13: 9780822347750.

A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 2: The Industrializing Years, 1941-1978, by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2011. 560pp., Pb. $29.95. ISBN- 13: 9780822347743.

A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 3: The Islamicate Period, 1978-1984. by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2012. 288pp., Pb. $25.95. ISBN-13: 9780822348771.

A Social History of Iranian Cinema, vol. 4: The Globalizing Era, 1984-2010. by Hamid Naficy. Duke University Press, 2012. 664 pp., Pb. $32.95. ISBN-13: 9780822348788.
Legal System of Kazakhstan in the Horde Period
Authors: Ablaeva E. B. 
Published: October 2019

The paper is devoted to the study of the historical aspect of the formation and development of justice in modern Kazakhstan, i.e. from the time when Genghis Khan established the Great tribal state throughout the vast territories from the Yellow to the Black sea. The choice of the topic is due to the lack of modern dissertation researches devoted to the history of formation and development of justice, chronologically sequential periodization covering the co-evolution phase of the research subject that must include the Mongol and Golden Horde period. Differences in historiography and misconceptions about the way of life of nomads also led to the choice of the research topic. The paper shows the similarities and differences of some features of the court procedure at the co-evolutionary and modern stages of development of statehood.The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that in the context of the presidential programs «Modern state for all» and «Spiritual revival», focused on the revival of spiritual values of Kazakhstan, the study of justice in the Mongolian and Horde period is important for improving the efficiency of the modern judicial system. The theoretical and practical significance of the work is that it describes the legal views, legal culture, legal system of two ethnically close modern states, namely Mongolia and Kazakhstan based on a deep comparative analysis of written and historical versions.According to the results of the study, the author comes to the following conclusions. First, the author connects the loss of the role of customary law in the regulation of social relations with the process of Kazakh-Russian integration and the adoption of the law of the Russian Empire, not the norms of the Mohammedan doctrine. Secondly, in the author’s opinion, the legal field of the Mongolian and Horde period covers a variety of rules governing social relations in the early feudal state. Thirdly, the author considers that during the period under consideration there were no clear criteria differentiating the categories «law» and «legislation». Fourth, according to the author, a mixture of functions of the legislative, executive and judicial authorities characterizes the legal system of modern Kazakhstan, which is the successor of the Golden Horde.
An efficacy of ninedanib in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (two case reports)
Authors: Terpigorev S. A. , Nikishenkov A. M. , Nikishenkova S. G. 
Published: October 2019

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible progressive diffuse parenchymal lung disease with the median survival of 3 to 5 years. However, antifibrotic therapy can significantly reduce IPF progression rate. The natural course of the disease is difficult to predict in an individual patient. The prognosis and the response to therapy could differ in different IPF patients. Two clinical cases with modified rate of IPF progression under the treatment with nintedanib are described in the article. The late initiation of therapy with nintedanib in a patient with rapidly progressive disease did not slow down the progression rate, while a patient with a relatively favorable course of IPF demonstrated less rapid worsening in clinical and functional parameters under the treatment with nintedanib.Conclusion. The time-course of clinical and functional parameters is individually related to the disease severity and the potential therapeutic efficacy. The rapidly progressive course of IPF should be considered as a criterion for early initiation of antifibrotic therapy as this treatment could improve the prognosis. Effects of antifibrotic therapy should be assessed using a complex of parameters described the disease severity because IPF can differ in clinical course and progression rate.
Inclusión efectiva de los alumnos talentosos en la escuela actual en el marco del Programa de Desarrollo de Capacidades
Authors: Cascarosa Salillas Esther , Lorda Pérez Carlos , Martínez Peña Begoña 
Published: October 2019

El objeto de este trabajo ha sido investigar cómo la aplicación de metodologías activas y participativas con alumnos talentosos favorece su inclusión en las escuelas ordinarias y, por otro lado, facilita las interacciones sociales positivas al trabajar en equipo. Una escuela inclusiva debe garantizar, a todos los alumnos, una capacitación y formación adaptada a sus necesidades e intereses, pero, el diseño del sistema educativo actual dificulta en gran medida que el profesorado apueste por metodologías que fomenten el desarrollo de las competencias en todos los alumnos en general y, en particular, en los alumnos con buenas capacidades. A través de la implantación del rograma de Desarrollo de Capacidades en un centro de ESO, los alumnos talentosos han desarrollado proyectos basados en sus propios intereses. Se han recogido datos mediante cuestionarios estructurados, hojas de observación y entrevistas. Los resultados aquí mostrados, prueban que este Programa es un contexto apropiado para trabajar en entornos de aprendizaje que comprometan a los alumnos (y familias) en la construcción de su propio conocimiento. Dicho Programa sirve de medio para que los alumnos desarrollen sus aprendizajes como lo harían fuera del marco escolar, usando las TICs y el trabajo colaborativo, como herramientas principales.
Awareness of cervical cancer and practice of Papanicolou smears among adult women availing health services or visiting a rural maternity hospital, Ramnagara District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Kona Chandralekha , Joseph Merlyn , Varghese Jilshy , Aksha Mary , Joseph Anju , Jose Ria , Johnson Avita Rose 
Published: October 2019

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Almost 87% of cervical cancer deaths occur in low and middle-income countries. The study was conducted to assess the awareness of cervical cancer and practice of Papanicolou (Pap) smears among women availing health services or visiting a rural maternity hospital, Karnataka.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a 50-item interview schedule. The interview was administered to women >18 years of age who availed services at the hospital and their caretakers.Results: Mean age of the 158 women interviewed was 32.68±13.7 years. Only 21% of women had heard about cervical cancer. Only 11.4% knew at least one symptom and 1.9% knew one risk factor of cervical cancer. Most of the women (99%) were not aware about prevention of cervical cancer. Only 4% of the women had heard about Pap smears and 3% of the women had undergone a Pap smear test.Conclusions: Women in our study had very poor awareness of cervical cancer and practice of Pap smears. Gainfully employed women (OR=32; 8.8-111.2) and women who reported cervical cancer among family members or friends (OR=116; 20.2-665.4). were more likely to have heard about cervical cancer. This study indicates a need to increase the awareness on cervical cancer and its prevention especially regarding Pap smears among rural women in Karnataka.
Fetal transverse cerebellar diameter measurement in intrauterine growth restriction: a more accurate parameter for gestational age assessment at term
Authors: Mourya Saroj , Mourya Harish Kumar , Jain Vimla , Verma Manoj 
Published: October 2019

Background: Assessment of fetal gestational age (GA) is an essential part of obstetric USG. Accurate knowledge of fetal GA is important to facilitate the best possible prenatal care and successful pregnancy outcome. For the estimation of GA the commonly used parameters in third trimester are:- BPD, HC, AC and FL. As all these parameters are affected by fetal growth disorders and fetal position. TCD can be used as another parameter for the estimation of GA in growth restricted fetuses.Methods: This study was conducted at Mahila Chikitsalaya Sanganeri Gate; SMS Medical College Jaipur from July 2005 to September 2006. A total of 80 pregnant women in third trimester with singleton pregnancy including 40 pregnant women with known cases of IUGR and 40 AGA fetuses were studied for TCD measure.Results: Correlation coefficient between TCD and gestational age was highly significant and no significant difference was found in TCD of AGA and IUGR fetuses.Conclusions: TCD measurement can be used as more reliable parameter for accurate estimation of gestational age in IUGR fetuses in third trimester.
Successful vaginal delivery of spontaneously conceived twins in each horn of a bicornuate uterus with previous caesarean: a case report
Authors: Mazhari Farhat , De Arpita , Tripathi Reva 
Published: October 2019

Mullerian duct fusion anomalies resulting in uterine malformations have prevalence of 3-4%. Among this, bicornuate uterus has a rare incidence of 0.4%. Uterine malformations pose significant threat in terms of obstetric outcomes. We report an extremely rare case of spontaneous conception of twin pregnancy with the fetus occupying each horn of a bicornuate uterus (bicornis unicollis), in a woman with a history of previous caesarean section. She was booked at our hospital and the pregnancy remained uneventful. At 35 weeks she went into spontaneous labour and delivered vaginally without any maternal-fetal complications. The case is unique and the management is worth discussing as till date no protocols or guidelines have been proposed for the mode of delivery of bicornuate uterus with twins with previous cesarean. Only 12 cases of twins with bicornuate uterus have been reported till date. This is the first case in literature in which a successful VBAC has been conducted in a woman with bicornuate uterus with twins with previous caesarean.
Comparative study of standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy and single incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: outcome and complications
Authors: Goyal Kirti Savyasacchi , Utaal Maneshwar Singh , Bhatia Pramod Kumar 
Published: October 2019

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has evolved to be as gold standard treatment for gall bladder disease and is the most common laparoscopic procedure performed worldwide. In recent times, the innovative techniques of Natural orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) and Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) have been applied as a step forward towards scar less surgery with added benefits of less pain and less analgesic requirement, shorter hospital stay, quick return to work.Methods: A retrospective study of 50 patients admitted with gall bladder disease through outdoor for laparoscopic cholecystectomy from November 2018 to January 2019 in Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Mullana (AMBALA) were randomized into two groups of 25 each for Single Incision Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (SILC) and standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) comparing the operative time, outcome and complications.Results: 50 patients admitted to MMIMSR Mullana from November 2018 to January 2019 with gall bladder disease were divided into two groups of 25 each who underwent three port SILC and four port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (4PLC). The average intra-operative time in SILC (80.56 mins) was significantly more than standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The average length of stay in the hospital for SILC was 1.8 days (1-3 days), was significantly less than in standard four port laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Incidence of Intraoperative complications were more in SILC than standard LC.Conclusions: SILC as the newer novel technique had better outcomes in terms of cosmesis, early discharge, shorter stay at hospital.
The study of use of toluidine blue as an adjunctive tool to clinical examination in early diagnosis of clinically suspicious oral premalignant and malignant lesions: a study of fifty cases
Authors: Bayad Himanshu Chhagan , Bhagat Sanjeev , Sahni Dimple , Kaur Navneet , Singh Ravinder , Sharma Dinesh Kumar , Singh Baldev 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Oral carcinoma is among the most prevalent malignancies of head and neck region and is often diagnosed in the advanced stage with significant morbidity and treatment cost. Thus, there is a need for early detection of oral premalignant and malignant lesions. Toluidine blue staining can be used for early detection of these lesions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study included 50 patients with clinically suspicious oral premalignant and malignant lesions. These lesions were subjected to toluidine blue staining and biopsy. Diagnoses were confirmed by histopathological examination. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Sensitivity and specificity of toluidine blue for oral premalignant lesions was 92.30% and 80% respectively with the positive predictive value of 92.30%, negative predictive value of 80% and accuracy of 88.88%. Sensitivity and specificity of toluidine blue for oral malignant lesions was 96.30% and 80% respectively with the positive predictive value of 96.30%, negative predictive value of 80% and accuracy of 93.75%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The simplicity of toluidine blue staining and its accuracy suggest that it can be a useful adjunctive tool to diagnosis of oral lesions. Results should be carefully evaluated and correlated with clinical findings and histopathological diagnosis.</p>
Comparison between dissection method and coblation technique in tonsillectomy
Authors: Joshi Shreyas S. , Raikar Vinayak 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the present study was to compare the dissection method and coblation technique in tonsillectomy in patients of chronic tonsillitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is prospective study in which 40 patients of chronic tonsillitis in age group of 5-12 years were selected in this study. Patients were blinded with regards to technique used to remove tonsils. 20 patients underwent tonsillectomy by cold dissection method and 20 with coblation method. In both techniques, duration of surgery and amount of blood loss were recorded and compared. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study, the mean operative time from giving incision to achieving complete haemostasis for dissection method was 42.9 minutes and that for coblation technique was 34 minutes. The amount of blood lost on an average by dissection method was 51.8 ml, and by coblation technique was 22.3 ml. This difference was found to be statistically significant. Pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale. The data recorded from two groups was put to statistical analysis and ‘p’ value was calculated using independent t-test. The mean pain score for coblation technique averaged over 10 days was 2.72 and was 4.84 for dissection technique.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We can conclude that coblation tonsillectomy is an easy to learn safe procedure with significant advantages in terms improving the quality of post-operative recovery compared to that following the cold dissection technique. But cost effectiveness of dissection method outweighs benefits of coblation at present in Indian scenario.</p>
Clinical profile and management of pleomorphic adenoma of head neck: our experience
Authors: Pawar Rameshwar T. , Nitnaware Ashok Z. , Patel Seema V. , Rekhade Tanvi S. 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Pleomorphic adenoma constitutes one of the common salivary gland tumors. Our aim is to study the clinical presentation of pleomorphic adenoma, preoperative and postoperative histopathological findings and management of tumors.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study of 43 patients was conducted at department of ENT, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur between January 2017 to February 2019. Data was collected and analysed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Maximum patients were of age group 40-60 years with male preponderance. Parotid being most common gland involved, 35 cases of all 43 were post-operatively confirmed to be pleomorphic adenoma.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pleomorphic adenoma is most commonly diagnosed in age group 40-60 years. Surgical excision is treatment of choice. Long term follow-up of the cases is warranted owing to risk of late recurrences.</p>
A comparative study on outcomes of preprandial versus postprandial thyroid function test
Authors: Patel Vasim Ismail , B. K. Akshay 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The thyroid is an<strong> </strong>endocrine gland. It secretes two hormones thyroxine (T<sub>4</sub>), triiodothyronine (T<sub>3</sub>). Hypothyroidism is a common condition encountered by a clinician. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) defined as normal free thyroxine (T4) and elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), is primarily a biochemical diagnosis with or without clinical symptoms. Studies have observed that TSH levels vary at different times in a day. In practice not much importance is given to the timing of the sample collection (pre-prandial or post-prandial sate). SCH is diagnosed depending on TSH value. So the condition may be under or over diagnosed based on a single value. So we conducted this study to determine whether timing of sample collection had any significant relationship in the determination of levels of thyroid hormones.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was carried on 114 patients who visited ENT department, NMCH between July 2018 and June 2019. Group-1 consisted of 38 normal patients. Group-2 consisted of 36 hypothyroidism patients GROUP-3 consisted of 40 subclinical hypothyroidism patients. Thyroid function tests (TSH and free T4) were done in fasting state and 2 hours postprandially. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> TSH values were found to be significantly lowered after food in all the three groups. Free T4 values did not show any statistically significant alteration after food.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There was a significant decline in TSH values postprandially. This might lead to inappropriate diagnosis and management of patients as cases of hypothyroidism, especially in cases of sub clinical hypothyroidism.</p>