bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trepanation and (ritual?) perimortem actions in the Neolithic period at Grotta Patrizi (Lazio, Italy)
Authors: Zemour Aurélie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGrotta Patrizi (Cerveteri, Roma, Lazio) discovered by Patrizi in 1933 is a vast karst network. Excavation by Radmilli revealed an individual burial reliably attributed to the Ceramica a Linee Incise group that contributed to the Neolithization of central and Tyrrhenian Italy around 5000 cal BC. The remains of the individual bore signs of numerous pathological conditions and of trepanation. Expanding on previous studies, a stereomicroscopic examination of the trepanation site suggests new interpretations of the bone changes. This latest analysis confirms the hypothesis that the individual survived an initial complete trepanation, and it specifies the nature and form of the operator's hand movements. A repeat intervention was apparently made during the perimortem period. It can be hypothesized that this intervention was performed after the death of the individual and possibly on the severed head of the deceased, as an integral part of the funerary treatment. If so, this would be the earliest evidence of the practice of ritual trepanation in this chrono‐cultural context.
Caffeine consumption during development alters spine density and recovery from repetitive mild traumatic brain injury in young adult rats
Authors: Christensen Jennaya , Yamakawa Glenn R. , Salberg Sabrina , Wang Melinda , Kolb Bryan , Mychasiuk Richelle 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCaffeine is the most commonly used psychostimulant throughout the world, with its consumption being especially prevalent among adolescents and young adults, as over 75% of this group consumes caffeine daily. Similarly, the adolescent and young adult age group exhibit the highest incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Given that both caffeine consumption and mild TBI (mTBI) are more prevalent among the late adolescent/young adult age group and that changes in dendritic spine morphology during this developmental period are poorly understood, this study sought to examine the effects of caffeine consumption during late adolescence/early adulthood on recovery from repetitive mTBI (RmTBI). The study specifically focused on changes to neuronal dendritic morphology as synaptic changes likely underlie long‐term behavioral outcomes. The results demonstrate that during young adulthood caffeine consumption differentially affects the RmTBI outcomes of males and females, where the effects of caffeine and RmTBI were often additive in males while being equally detrimental, but rarely additive, in females. In general, caffeine and RmTBI induced the greatest impairments in males on cognitive and motor tasks whereas in females the most significant detriments were on pain‐related tasks. Both caffeine and RmTBI increased spine density in the Cg3 (medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC]), AID (orbitofrontal cortex [OFC]), and nucleus accumbens (NAc), which is proposed to reflect an impairment in the normal pruning processes. Overall, despite caffeine's neuroprotective abilities among other age groups, this study offers concerning results regarding the detrimental effects of caffeine and RmTBI, in isolation, and especially in combination, in this susceptible population.
Comparison of SB‐SDS and other decellularization methods for the acellular nerve graft: Biological evaluation and nerve repair in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Han Li‐Wei , Xu Gang , Guo Mei‐Yu , Chang Yv‐Ang , Zhang Yu , Zhao Yan‐Tao , Li Zhong‐Hai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe aimed to compare the performance of acellular nerves prepared by different decellularization methods, screening out the optimal decellularization protocol, repairing the sciatic nerve defects in rats by the allogeneic transplantation, and evaluating the effect of regenerative nerve on the function reconstruction. The Sondell, SB‐SDS, TnBP, and the high/low permeation methods were used to decellularize donor nerves. Nerves without any treatment were as the control group. The histological results were evaluated by HE staining and toluidine blue (TB) staining. The proliferation activity of L929 cells was detected by CCK‐8 assay. The adhesion of Schwann cells was observed and quantified by SEM. Balb/c mice were used to evaluate the cellular and humoral immunogenicity of the nerve scaffolds. The rat sciatic nerve defect model was applied to observe the repair effect of acellular nerve scaffold in vivo. To SB‐SDS group, it remained the original state of the nerves, with no observed nucleus and axons, the neurotoxicity grade detected by CCK‐8 being almost 0, and it kept the largest number of Schwann cells adhered to the acellular nerve and the better morphology. Further, it showed that the selected SB‐SDS rats acellular nerve scaffold could promote the nerve repair of the rats by HE staining and TB staining. We could conclude that the acellular nerve matrix prepared by the SB‐SDS method effectively removes the cellular components in the nerve tissue and retains the main components of the extracellular matrix of the nerve tissue, whose rats decellularized nerve scaffold could promote the sciatic nerve repair better.
On the nomenclature of the fossil‐genera Acitheca, Bifariusotheca, Polymorphopteris and Strephopteris (fossil Pteridophyta, Marattiopsida)
Authors: Doweld Alexander B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe complicated nomenclatural history of the extinct fossil‐genera Acitheca and Strephopteris (fertile foliage) and Polymorphopteris (sterile foliage), established for fossil ferns (Marattiopsida), is reviewed and corrected with new bibliographic and historical data. Strephopteris as a generic name established for fertile foliage of Acitheca‐type has priority, but due to the long and widespread use of Acitheca it was recently proposed to reject it in favour of the established name Acitheca. Since Acitheca as a fossil‐genus was established for distinctive fertile foliage, but its currently accepted type, A. polymorpha (≡ Pecopteris polymorpha), was founded on sterile foliage, it is proposed to reject this type and return to the earlier concept of Sterzel who thought that Acitheca was typified by the fossil‐species Scolecopteris conspicua, based on fertile foliage. This procedure requires official conservation of the type. Correction of the type allows continuing the current use of another fossil‐genus, Polymorphopteris, which was inadvertently validated on the same type as Acitheca. The legitimization of the fossil‐genus Polymorphopteris, based on sterile foliage only, will stabilize the current established systematics of fossil marattiopsid remains, for which no fertile organs are known. Since Scolecopteris conspicua, when established as a fertile counterpart of sterile foliage known as Pecopteris polymorpha, originally included two unrelated archetypes of fertile foliage, known as compressions and petrifactions, the typification of the fossil‐species by fossil specimens known as compressions allows continued use of Acitheca as a distinct fossil‐genus for fertile foliage as compressions. The petrifactions formerly attributed to A. polymorpha from younger sediments (Lower Permian) of France are re‐considered as a distinct fossil‐species, Scolecopteris renaultii sp. nov. The formerly not validly published fossil‐genus Bifariusotheca for Acitheca‐like fossils from the Permian of China is validated. Kamatheca is validated for the aberrant Angaridan fossil‐species, Acitheca gigantea. Nine not validly published fossil‐species of Polymorphopteris are validated to follow modern circumscription of the fossil‐genus: Polymorphopteris cistii comb. nov., P. gothanii comb. nov., P. integra comb. nov., P. magdalenae sp. nov., P. multifurcata comb. nov., P. oblongifolia comb. nov., P. pseudobucklandii comb. nov., P. pseudointegra comb. nov., and P. wagneri sp. nov. Callipteridium subelegans and Scolecopteris conspicua are neotypified; Acitheca isomorpha and Pecopteris cistii are lectotypified. As an addition to Taxonomic literature II records, the precise dates of publication of the taxonomic works of Germar's Versteinerungen (1844–1853) and Schimper & Schenk's Palaeophytologie (1879–1890) are established for the first time.
Feasibility test of autotrophic denitrification of industrial wastewater in sequencing batch and static granular bed reactors
Authors: Tan Yuan , Park Jaeyoung , Ikuma Kaoru , Evans Eric A. , Flamming James J. , Ellis Timothy G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn order to evaluate the efficacy of using reduced sulfur species in lieu of conventional substrates, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was used to develop an autotrophic denitrifying culture which in turn was used to seed a static granular bed reactor (SGBR) for continuous flow treatment. Both bioreactors were able to quickly acclimate to the anoxic environment and achieve stable autotrophic denitrification within several weeks of being placed in operation. The seed for the SBR was obtained from operating basins at the Cedar Rapids plant. MiSeq analysis showed the presence of the autotrophic denitrifier Thiobacillus in the seed from the sulfur oxidation basin; however, Shinella and Sulfurovum became the dominant autotrophic denitrifiers in the SBR. Both the SBR and SGBR achieved excellent nitrate removal (i.e., >95%) with stoichiometric amounts of thiosulfate added to the synthetic influent. The results of this feasibility study suggest that anaerobic granules from the UASB at the plant serve as good seed biomass for autotrophic denitrification when augmented by sulfur oxidation basin and sulfide scrubber biomass, and that reduced sulfur species at the plant (or augmented with an external sulfur source) can serve as electron donors for nearly complete denitrification.Practitioner points

Autotrophic denitrification of industrial wastewater was investigated to evaluate reduced sulfur species as electron donor for nitrogen removal.

An autotrophic denitrifying culture was cultivated in an SBR, and continuous autotrophic denitrification was accomplished in an SGBR.

No increase in head loss was observed in the SGBR, and it was able to operate without the need for backwashing in more than 200 days of operation.

Reduced sulfur was demonstrated to be a sufficient electron donor for nearly complete denitrification.

MiSeq analysis resolved primary species responsible for autotrophic denitrification in this study.
Asymptotic structure of Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory and its five dimensional origin
Authors: Lü H. , Mao Pujian , Wu Jun-Bao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We consider Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory in four dimensions including the Kaluza-Klein theory and obtain the general asymptotic solutions in Bondi gauge. We find that there are three different types of news functions representing gravitational, electromagnetic, and scalar radiations. The mass density at any angle of the system can only decrease whenever there is any type of news function. The solution space of the Kaluza-Klein theory is also lifted to five dimensions. We also compute the asymptotic symmetries in both four dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory and five dimensional pure Einstein theory. We find that the symmetry algebras of the two theories are the same.
Nested coordinate Bethe wavefunctions from the Bethe/Gauge correspondence
Authors: Foda Omar , Manabe Masahide 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In [1, 2], Nekrasov applied the Bethe/Gauge correspondence to derive the $$ \mathfrak{su} $$
su
(2) XXX spin-chain coordinate Bethe wavefunction from the IR limit of a 20 $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (2, 2) supersymmetric A1 quiver gauge theory with an orbifold-type codimension-2 defect. Later, Bullimore, Kim and Lukowski implemented Nekrasov’s construction at the level of the UV A1 quiver gauge theory, recovered his result, and obtained further extensions of the Bethe/Gauge correspondence [3]. In this work, we extend the construction of the defect to AM quiver gauge theories to obtain the $$ \mathfrak{su} $$
su
(M + 1) XXX spin-chain nested coordinate Bethe wavefunctions. The extension to XXZ spin-chain is straightforward. Further, we apply a Higgsing procedure to obtain more general AM quivers and the corresponding wavefunctions, and interpret this procedure (and the Hanany-Witten moves that it involves) on the spin-chain side in terms of Izergin-Korepin-type specializations (and re-assignments) of the parameters of the coordinate Bethe wavefunctions.
Simple perturbatively traversable wormholes from bulk fermions
Authors: Marolf Donald , McBride Sean 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A new class of traversable wormholes was recently constructed which relies only on local bulk dynamics rather than an explicit coupling between distinct boundaries. Here we begin with a four-dimensional Weyl fermion field of any mass m propagating on a classical background defined by a Z2 quotient of (rotating) BTZ × S1. This setup allows one to compute the fermion stress-energy tensor exactly. For appropriate boundary conditions around a non-contractible curve, perturbative back-reaction at any m renders the associated wormhole traversable and suggests it can become eternally traversable at the limit where the background becomes extremal. A key technical step is the proper formulation of the method of images for fermions in curved spacetime. We find the stress- energy of spinor fields to have important kinematic differences from that of scalar fields, typically causing the sign of the integrated null stress-energy (and thus in many cases the sign of the time delay/advance) to vary around the throat of the wormhole. Similar effects may arise for higher-spin fields.
The fate of instability of de Sitter black holes at large D
Authors: Li Peng-Cheng , Zhang Cheng-Yong , Chen Bin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We study non-linearly the gravitational instabilities of the Reissner- Nordstrom-de Sitter and the Gauss-Bonnet-de Sitter black holes by using the large D expansion method. In both cases, the thresholds of the instability are found to be con- sistent with the linear analysis, and on the thresholds the evolutions of the black holes under the perturbations settle down to stationary lumpy solutions. However, the solutions in the unstable region are highly time-dependent, and resemble the fully localized black spots and black ring with SD−2 and S1× SD−3 topologies, respectively. Our study indi- cates the possible transition between the lumpy black holes and the localized black holes in higher dimensions.
Investigating spatial concentration of sustainable restaurants: It is all about good food!
Authors: Enthoven Margo P. M. , Brouwer Aleid E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis research addresses the role of sustainable demand and psychological and cultural factors in the spatial concentration of sustainable SMEs. We analyze the spatial concentration of sustainable SMEs in the restaurant sector in the Netherlands. We argue that traditional agglomeration theories can partially explain spatial concentration of sustainable SMEs, but are not sufficient in explaining the sub-sector concentration of sustainable entrepreneurs. Demand, psychological and cultural factors could explain sub-sector concentration of sustainable restaurants. We use sustainable entrepreneurship theory to explain this difference. We analyze spatial concentration of sustainable SMEs in three ways. First, we investigate spatial concentration based on all individual locations of sustainable restaurants with an average nearest neighbor analysis. Second, we analyze spatial autocorrelation with use of the Moran’s I statistic. Finally, we map the clustering of sustainable restaurants with a Getis–Ord Gi* analysis. We use sustainable restaurants as a percentage of conventional restaurants in a region in the Netherlands. While controlling for conventional clustering, we find a single large cluster of sustainable restaurants. Arguably, this clustering is caused by a spatial variation of demand and individual psychological traits of sustainable entrepreneurs, which together represent a regional culture of sustainable entrepreneurship.
GRACE gravity field recovery with background model uncertainties
Authors: Kvas Andreas , Mayer-Gürr Torsten 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this article, we present a computationally efficient method to incorporate background model uncertainties into the gravity field recovery process. While the geophysical models typically used during the processing of GRACE data, such as the atmosphere and ocean dealiasing product, have been greatly improved over the last years, they are still a limiting factor of the overall solution quality. Our idea is to use information about the uncertainty of these models to find a more appropriate stochastic model for the GRACE observations within the least squares adjustment, thus potentially improving the gravity field estimates. We used the ESA Earth System Model to derive uncertainty estimates for the atmosphere and ocean dealiasing product in the form of an autoregressive model. To assess our approach, we computed time series of monthly GRACE solutions from L1B data in the time span of 2005 to 2010 with and without the derived error model. Intercomparisons between these time series show that noise is reduced on all spatial scales, with up to 25% RMS reduction for Gaussian filter radii from 250 to 300 km, while preserving the monthly signal. We further observe a better agreement between formal and empirical errors, which supports our conclusion that used uncertainty information does improve the stochastic description of the GRACE observables.
[89Zr]Zr-cetuximab PET/CT as biomarker for cetuximab monotherapy in patients with RAS wild-type advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: van Helden E. J. , Elias S. G. , Gerritse S. L. , van Es S. C. , Boon E. , Huisman M. C. , van Grieken N. C. T. , Dekker H. , van Dongen G. A. M. S. , Vugts D. J. , Boellaard R. , van Herpen C. M. L. , de Vries E. G. E. , Oyen W. J. G. , Brouwers A. H. , Verheul H. M. W. , Hoekstra O. S. , Menke-van der Houven van Oordt C. W. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
One-third of patients with RAS wild-type mCRC do not benefit from anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies. This might be a result of variable pharmacokinetics and insufficient tumor targeting. We evaluated cetuximab tumor accumulation on [89Zr]Zr-cetuximab PET/CT as a potential predictive biomarker and determinant for an escalating dosing strategy.

Patients and methods
PET/CT imaging of [89Zr]Zr-cetuximab (37 MBq/10 mg) after a therapeutic pre-dose (500 mg/m2 ≤ 2 h) cetuximab was performed at the start of treatment. Patients without visual tumor uptake underwent dose escalation and a subsequent [89Zr]Zr-cetuximab PET/CT. Treatment benefit was defined as stable disease or response on CT scan evaluation after 8 weeks.

Results
Visual tumor uptake on [89Zr]Zr-cetuximab PET/CT was observed in 66% of 35 patients. There was no relationship between PET positivity and treatment benefit (52% versus 80% for PET-negative, P = 0.16), progression-free survival (3.6 versus 5.7 months, P = 0.15), or overall survival (7.1 versus 9.4 months, P = 0.29). However, in 67% of PET-negative patients, cetuximab dose escalation (750–1250 mg/m2) was applied, potentially influencing outcome in this group. None of the second [89Zr]Zr-cetuximab PET/CT was positive. Eighty percent of patients without visual tumor uptake had treatment benefit, making [89Zr]Zr-cetuximab PET/CT unsuitable as a predictive biomarker. Tumor SUVpeak did not correlate to changes in tumor size on CT (P = 0.23), treatment benefit, nor progression-free survival. Cetuximab pharmacokinetics were not related to treatment benefit. BRAF mutations, right-sidedness, and low sEGFR were correlated with intrinsic resistance to cetuximab.

Conclusion
Tumor uptake on [89Zr]Zr-cetuximab PET/CT failed to predict treatment benefit in patients with RAS wild-type mCRC receiving cetuximab monotherapy. BRAF mutations, right-sidedness, and low sEGFR correlated with intrinsic resistance to cetuximab.
Clonal relationship of marginal zone lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Sjogren's syndrome patients: case series study and review of the literature
Authors: Gorodetskiy Vadim Romanovich , Probatova Natalya Alexandrovna , Radenska-Lopovok Stefka Gospodinova , Ryzhikova Natalya Valerievna , Sidorova Yulia Vladimirovna , Sudarikov Andrey Borisovich 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The occurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the course of Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is considered to be equally related either to the development of DLBCL de novo or to the transformation from marginal zone lymphoma (MZL). However, the question of possible clonal relationship between MZL and DLBCL in the group of SS patients remains open. Here we present the data concerning 194 patients with lymphoma complicated SS followed up at Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology during the last 22 years. Molecular analysis of tumor cells was performed for 6 SS patients who had developed both MZL and DLBCL. To assess clonal relationship between each of the tumor pairs immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene rearrangements were identified according BIOMED-2 protocol by means of multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by GeneScan fragment analysis. Despite different localization MZL and DLBCL were clonally related in five tumor pairs. The median time to transformation was 11 months (range 0–78 months). MZL and DLBCL were clonally related in most cases from our cohort of SS patients. No statistically significant difference in survival between patients with DLBCL transformed from MZL and patients with de novo DLBCL was found in the cohort of SS patients investigated.
Effect of mountain ultra-marathon running on plasma angiopoietin-like protein 4 and lipid profile in healthy trained men
Authors: Górecka Monika , Krzemiński Krzysztof , Buraczewska Monika , Kozacz Agnieszka , Dąbrowski Jan , Ziemba Andrzej Wojciech 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) regulates lipid metabolism by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase activity and stimulating lipolysis in adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to find out whether the mountain ultra-marathon running influences plasma ANGPTL4 and whether it is related to plasma lipid changes.

Methods
Ten healthy men (age 31 ± 1.1 years) completed a 100-km ultra-marathon running. Plasma ANGPTL4, free fatty acids (FFA), triacylglycerols (TG), glycerol (Gly), total cholesterol (TC), low (LDL-C) and high (HDL-C) density lipoprotein-cholesterol were determined before, immediately after the run and after 90 min of recovery.

Results
Plasma ANGPTL4 increased during exercise from 68.0 ± 16.5 to 101.2 ± 18.1 ng/ml (p < 0.001). This was accompanied by significant increases in plasma FFA, Gly, HDL-C and decreases in plasma TG concentrations (p < 0.01). After 90 min of recovery, plasma ANGPTL4 and TG did not differ significantly from the exercise values, while plasma FFA, Gly, TC and HDL-C were significantly lower than immediately after the run.
TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C molar ratios were significantly reduced. The exercise-induced changes in plasma ANGPTL4 correlated positively with those of FFA (r = 0.73; p < 0.02), and HDL-C (r = 0.69; p < 0.05). Positive correlation was found also between plasma ANGPTL4 and FFA concentrations after 90 min of recovery (r = 0.77; p < 0.01).

Conclusions
The present data suggest that increase in plasma FFA during mountain ultra-marathon run may be involved in plasma ANGPTL4 release and that increase in ANGPTL4 secretion may be a compensatory mechanism against fatty acid-induced oxidative stress. Increase in plasma HDL-C observed immediately after the run may be due to the protective effect of ANGPTL4 on HDL.