bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zinc Levels and Birth Weight in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Matched Cohort Study in China
Authors: Luo Jiajun , Wu Weiwei , Zhang Ping , Chen Xi , Feng Yongliang , Ma Ning , Yang Hailan , Wang Ying , Li Mei , Xie Bingjie , Guo Pengge , Liew Zeyan , Deziel Nicole C , Vasiliou Vasilis , Shi Xiaoming , Wang Suping , Zhang Yawei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Zinc (Zn) has been suggested to impact fetal growth. However, the effect may be complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) due to its impact on fetal growth and placental transport. This study aims to investigate whether GDM modifies the association between Zn levels and birth weight.

Method
A cohort matched by GDM was established in Taiyuan, China, between 2012 and 2016, including 752 women with GDM and 744 women without. Dietary Zn intake was assessed during pregnancy. Maternal blood (MB) and cord blood (CB) Zn levels were measured at birth. Birth weight was standardized as the z score and categorized as high (HBW, &gt;4000 g) and low (LBW, &lt;2500 g) groups. Multivariate linear regression and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine the association between Zn levels and birth weight in offspring born to women with or without GDM.

Results
88.8% (N = 1328) of the population had inadequate Zn intake during pregnancy. In women with GDM, MB Zn level was inversely associated with birth weight (β = –.17; 95% confidence interval (CI), –0.34 to –0.01), while CB Zn level was positively associated with birth weight (β = .38; 95% CI, 0.06-0.70); suggestive associations were observed between MB Zn level and LBW (odds ratio 2.01; 95% CI, 0.95-4.24) and between CB Zn level and HBW (odds ratio 2.37; 95% CI, 1.08-5.21).

Conclusions
GDM may modify the associations between MB and CB Zn levels and birth weight in this population characterized by insufficient Zn intake. These findings suggest a previously unidentified path of adverse effects of GDM.
Development of Photoswitchable Fluorescent Molecules Using Arylazopyrazole
Authors: Torii Kenji , Hori Yuichiro , Watabe Keiichiro , Kikuchi Kazuya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Photoswitchable fluorescent molecules (PSFMs) are important tools for fluorescence imaging of biomolecules. To date, PSFMs have been applied for pulse-chase experiments and super-resolution imaging. However, most have limitations in that their fluorophores have low photostability or require cytotoxic additives. Here, we have developed PSFMs using a photochromic compound, arylazopyrazole, to overcome these limitations. These molecules showed reversible changes in fluorescence intensity upon photoirradiation and high photostability in aqueous solutions.
Sensitivity enhancement of a single-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer by sensitizing its interference length
Authors: Subhashree Ojha N. N. , Kumar Ashish , Kumar Naveen 
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a simple and novel, to the best of our knowledge, methodology towards enhancement of the refractive index sensitivity of the single-fiber (SF) Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) configuration, post-fabrication, over a relatively large range from 1.3344 RIU to 1.4532 RIU. A SF-MZI configuration, fabricated indigenously by non-adiabatic tapering of the silica fiber at two places separated by a distance of

∼

3.6

c
m

, is sensitized with induced birefringence by keeping weights on its interference region. By sensitizing the configuration, its refractive index (RI) sensitivity is enhanced from 20.24 nm/RIU to 84.68 nm/RIU, post-fabrication, validating the theoretical predictions. The proposed process for enhancing the RI sensitivity of the SF-MZI, presented for the first time, shall be useful for many applications.
Spear Phishing 2.0: Wie automatisierte Angriffe Organisationen vor neue Herausforderungen stellen
Authors: Franz Anjuli , Benlian Alexander 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungVom ursprünglichen „Phishing = Passwort + Fishing“ wandelt sich das Angriffsmuster durch neue Technologien zum boomenden Geschäftsmodell der cyberkriminellen Szene. Schadsoftware wie „Emotet“ zeigt, dass automatisierte Spear Phishing-Angriffe Realität geworden sind und immense Schäden verursachen. Der Mitarbeiter rückt damit in den Fokus von IT-Sicherheitsmaßnahmen. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, einen Rundumblick zur aktuellen und zukünftigen Bedrohungslage durch Spear Phishing zu geben und konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen abzuleiten. Zur Messung der Security Awareness im organisatorischen Umfeld wird die Kennzahl „Employee Security Index“ vorgestellt, welche das Sicherheitsbewusstsein von Mitarbeitern gegenüber Phishing-Angriffen standardisiert messbar macht. Es wurde ein Feldexperiment in einer deutschen Organisation durchgeführt, um die Verwundbarkeit der Belegschaft gegenüber Spear Phishing und die Wirksamkeit verschiedener Trainingsmaßnahmen zu untersuchen. Die erhobenen Daten werden mithilfe des „Employee Security Index“ bewertet. Insgesamt verdeutlichen die Ergebnisse, dass neben technischen und organisatorischen Schutzmaßnahmen sowohl eine Schulung der Mitarbeiter als auch ein Umdenken nutzerverbundener Prozesse unabdingbar ist.
Digestive Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients With Mild Disease Severity: Clinical Presentation, Stool Viral RNA Testing, and Outcomes
Authors: Han Chaoqun , Duan Caihan , Zhang Shengyan , Spiegel Brennan , Shi Huiying , Wang Weijun , Zhang Lei , Lin Rong , Liu Jun , Ding Zhen , Hou Xiaohua 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) most commonly presents with respiratory symptoms, including cough, shortness of breath, and sore throat. However, digestive symptoms also occur in patients with COVID-19 and are often described in outpatients with less severe disease. In this study, we sought to describe the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms and mild disease severity.

METHODS:
We identified COVID-19 patients with mild disease and one or more digestive symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting), with or without respiratory symptoms, and compared them with a group presenting solely with respiratory symptoms. We followed up patients clinically until they tested negative for COVID-19 on at least 2 sequential respiratory tract specimens collected ≥24 hours apart. We then compared the clinical features between those with digestive symptoms and those with respiratory symptoms.

RESULTS:
There were 206 patients with low severity COVID-19, including 48 presenting with a digestive symptom alone, 69 with both digestive and respiratory symptoms, and 89 with respiratory symptoms alone. Between the 2 groups with digestive symptoms, 67 presented with diarrhea, of whom 19.4% experienced diarrhea as the first symptom in their illness course. The diarrhea lasted from 1 to 14 days, with an average duration of 5.4 ± 3.1 days and a frequency of 4.3 ± 2.2 bowel movements per day. Concurrent fever was found in 62.4% of patients with a digestive symptom. Patients with digestive symptoms presented for care later than those with respiratory symptoms (16.0 ± 7.7 vs 11.6 ± 5.1 days, P < 0.001). Nevertheless, patients with digestive symptoms had a longer duration between symptom onset and viral clearance (P < 0.001) and were more likely to be fecal virus positive (73.3% vs 14.3%, P = 0.033) than those with respiratory symptoms.

DISCUSSION:
We describe a unique subgroup of COVID-19 patients with mild disease severity marked by the presence of digestive symptoms. These patients are more likely to test positive for viral RNA in stool, to have a longer delay before viral clearance, and to experience delayed diagnosis compared with patients with only respiratory symptoms.
Estimating China’s Future Life Insurance Market
Authors: Ma Jiyue , Huang Fei , Bruhn Aaron 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
After decades of economic expansion, China is transitioning to meet the insurance needs of its aging and increasingly affluent population. Of particular interest to insurers and reinsurers is China’s life insurance industry, which is likely to be globally significant due to its size and scale of opportunity. The long term nature of life insurance will also see it play a key role in China’s financial and capital markets. By uniquely accounting for demographic, economic and insurance-specific factors, we estimate the long term size of China’s life insurance market, giving an important indication of the scale of its future influence.
Precision medicine in medical oncology: hope, disappointment and reality
Authors: Bartoušková Marie , Melichar Bohuslav 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
During the past 20 years, targeted therapy based on the understanding of tumor biology has been complementing or even replacing cytotoxic agents that have dominated pharmacotherapy of cancer since the conception of medical oncology. Unfortunately, the fact that targeted therapies with potential to induce cure or at least substantially prolong survival are still not available for many common solid tumors results in skepticism or even nihilism. On the one hand, biomarker research is not keeping pace with the introduction of new agents, while on the other hand, effective drugs are still not available for many potential molecular targets associated with malignant transformation and tumor progression. However, targeted therapies have already transformed the natural history and clinical outcomes not only in patients with rare malignancies like gastrointestinal stromal tumor but also with many common tumors, e.g. breast cancer, malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer or renal cell carcinoma. For further advances, a multidisciplinary effort is indispensible that should, above all, involve the collaboration of medical oncology and laboratory medicine.
10-gingerol induces oxidative stress through HTR1A in cumulus cells: in-vitro and in-silico studies
Authors: Kiptiyah Kiptiyah , Widodo Widodo , Ciptadi Gatot , Aulanni’Am Aulanni’am , Widodo Mohammad A. , Sumitro Sutiman B. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
We investigated whether 10-gingerol is able to induce oxidative stress in cumulus cells.

Methods
For the in-vitro research, we used a cumulus cell culture in M199, containing 10-gingerol in various concentrations (0, 12, 16, and 20 µM), and detected oxidative stress through superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, with incubation periods of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h. The obtained results were confirmed by in-silico studies.

Results
The in-vitro data revealed that SOD activity and MDA concentration increased with increasing incubation periods: SOD activity at 0 µM (1.39 ± 0.24i), 12 µM (16.42 ± 0.35ab), 16 µM (17.28 ± 0.55ab), 20 µM (17.81 ± 0.12a), with a contribution of 71.1%. MDA concentration at 0 µM (17.82 ± 1.39 l), 12 µM (72.99 ± 0.31c), 16 µM (79.77 ± 4.19b), 20 µM (85.07 ± 2.57a), with a contribution of 73.1%. Based on this, the in-silico data uncovered that 10˗gingerol induces oxidative stress in cumulus cells by inhibiting HTR1A functions and inactivating GSK3B and AKT˗1.

Conclusions
10-gingerol induces oxidative stress in cumulus cells through enhancing SOD activity and MDA concentration by inhibiting HTR1A functions and inactivating GSK3B and AKT˗1.
Presence of neonatal intensive care services at birth hospital and early intervention enrollment in infants ≤1500 g
Authors: Gogcu Semsa , Aboudi David , Kase Jordan , LaGamma Edmund , Brumberg Heather Lynn 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the receipt of therapeutic services of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW; ≤1500 g) neonates inadvertently delivered at community Level 2 and 3 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) compared with those born at a well-baby nursery (WBN; Level 1) differed.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of neonates who were born at Level 1 (WBN), 2, 3, and 4 NICUs and discharged from a Level 4 hospital (n = 529). All infants were evaluated at the Regional Neonatal Follow-up Program at 12 ± 1 months corrected gestational age (CA) and assessed for use of therapeutic services including: early intervention (EI), occupational therapy (OT), physical therapy (PT), speech therapy (ST), and special education (SE).ResultsCompared to infants born at community Level 2 and 3 NICU hospitals, those outborn at a community Level 1 WBN had significantly higher utilization of EI (90% vs. 62%) and PT (83% vs. 61%) at 12 months CA. This association persisted when controlling for covariates. Infants who required EI had significantly lower Bayley-III cognitive scores at 3 years of age.ConclusionVLBW infants outborn at WBN (Level 1) hospitals required more outpatient therapeutic services than those born at hospitals with NICU facilities. These results suggest that delivering at the appropriate community hospital level of care might be advantageous for long-term outcomes.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[di-μ2-chlorido-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′-cadmium(II)], C12H8Cl2CdN2
Authors: Li Ling-Chuan , Zhou Xiao-Li , Liu Yan-Li , Wang Li-Ping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
C12H8Cl2CdN2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 16.969(5) Å, b = 10.515(3) Å, c = 7.238(2) Å, β = 110.710(10)°, V = 1208.0(6) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0245, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0806, T = 298(2) K.
Redetermination of the crystal structure of catena-poly[aqua-(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)-(μ2-tetraoxidomolybdato(VI)-κ2
O:O′)manganese(II) monohydrate, C12H12N2O6MoMn
Authors: Wu-Hua Chen , Ji Zhou , Yu-Fan Wang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
C12H12N2O6MoMn, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.0427(3) Å, b = 10.4459(7) Å, c = 10.5778(6) Å, α = 73.233(6)°, β = 83.372(4)°, γ = 77.340(4)°, V = 725.85(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0386, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0916, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 5-bromopicolinic acid monohydrate, C6H6BrNO3
Authors: Cai Bin , Zhu Meng-En , Bai Xin , Lin Yan-Ru , Guo Qian-Qian , Meng Yu-Ning 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
C6H6BrNO3, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.0407(5) Å, b = 7.1597(6) Å, c = 8.3808(7) Å, α = 75.844(4)°, β = 94.562(4)°, γ = 76.306(4)°, V = 373.61(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0205, wR
ref(F2
) = 0.0527, T = 150(2) K.
The crystal structure of 2-(3-(4-bromophenyl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-8H-indeno[1,2-d]thiazole, C25H17BrFN3S
Authors: Alotaibi Abdullah A. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Hegazy Amany S. , Kariuki Benson M. , El-Hiti Gamal A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
C25H17BrFN3S, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 11.2926(6) Å, b = 11.5832(4) Å, c = 16.9974(9) Å, α = 109.211(4)°, β = 90.211(4)°, γ = 95.290(4))°, V = 2089.21(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0580, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1797, T = 296 K.
The crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-2-((3-bromo-2-oxidobenzylidene)amino)acetato-κ4
O,N,O′:O′′)-(dimethylformamide-κ1
O)]zinc(II), C12H13N2O4BrZn
Authors: Xi-Shi Tai , Xiao-Jing Zhou , Li-Li Liu , Shu-Hua Cao , Li-Hua Wang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
C12H13N2O4BrZn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 12.0182(12) Å, b = 6.9735(7) Å, c = 16.2510(14) Å, β = 93.572(9)°, V = 1359.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0279, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0613, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of tris(1-ethylimidazole-κ1
N)-(sulfato-κ2
O,O′)vanadium(IV), C15H24N6O5SV
Authors: Fu Yi-Ru , Luan Jian , Wang Xiao-Jie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
C15H24N6O5SV, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 16.0059 Å, b = 9.1008 Å, c = 14.2686 Å, β = 100.352°, V = 2044.6(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0400, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0852, T = 173(2) K.
What do Firefighting Ability Tests Tell Us About Firefighter Physical Fitness? A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence
Authors: Fyock-Martin Marcie B. , Erickson Eric K. , Hautz Allan H. , Sell Katie M. , Turnbaugh Bradley L. , Caswell Shane V. , Martin Joel R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Fyock-Martin, MB, Erickson, EK, Hautz, AH, Sell, KM, Turnbaugh, BL, Caswell, SV, and Martin, JR. What do firefighting ability tests tell us about firefighter physical fitness? A systematic review of the current evidence. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 2093–2103, 2020—The firefighting profession is a physiologically demanding occupation. Currently, sudden cardiac deaths account for 40–50% of firefighter job-related deaths, for which, inadequate aerobic fitness (AF) and obesity are established as risk factors. Departments have instituted firefighting physical ability tests (FPATs) as a method of quantifying readiness for occupational-related demands. A systematic review of the current literature examining the correlation between field fitness test performance and FPAT completion times was performed. The search identified 5 studies that met the eligibility criteria. The total number of subjects in the 5 studies was 265 (259 men and 6 women), including 200 professional firefighters (75.5%), 40 volunteer (15.1%), 20 officers (7.5%), and 5 recruits (1.9%). Upper-body strength (UBs) and upper-body endurance (UBe) had the strongest correlation to FPATs (r = −0.31 to −0.66; R
2 = 0.10 to 0.44 and r = −0.27 to −0.61; R
2 = 0.07 to 0.37; p < 0.05, respectively). Two studies suggested that AF has a weak-to-moderate relationship with FPATs (r = 0.38 and r = −0.62). Two studies showed that anaerobic capacity had weak-to-strong correlations with FPATs (r = −0.40 and r = 0.79; R
2 = 0.16 to 0.62; p < 0.05). No studies found a statistically significant correlation between lower-body strength and FPAT performance. Further research is needed to better understand the role of field-based fitness test results on FPAT performance. An annual department-driven multicomponent fitness assessment measuring UBs, UBe, anaerobic capacity, and AF is recommended based on the evidence reviewed.
Running Demands of Provincial Women's Rugby Union Matches in New Zealand
Authors: Busbridge Alice R. , Hamlin Michael J. , Jowsey James A. , Vanner Mark H. , Olsen Peter D. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Busbridge, AR, Hamlin, MJ, Jowsey, JA, Vanner, MH, and Olsen, PD. Running demands of provincial women's rugby union matches in New Zealand. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 1059–1063, 2022—There has been rapid growth in participation in women's rugby but there is minimal research on the sport. The aim of this study was to increase our knowledge of the running demands of high-level female players in the New Zealand Provincial Rugby Competition. Players (n = 20) wore 10-Hz Global Positioning System units during 7 matches to measure total distance covered, all running distance (≥6.4 km·h−1), high-intensity (HI) running (≥16.1 km·h−1), meters per minute (m·min−1), and maximum speed (km·h−1). Mean ± SD were calculated for forwards and backs. Forwards and backs covered a similar total distance (5,616 ± 809 m and 5,852 ± 1,022 m, respectively) and running distance (3,181 ± 583 m and 3,095 ± 805 m, respectively). However, when separated into specific playing positions, the half back recorded significantly higher running distances (4,292 ± 171 m), greater HI running distances (1,003 ± 58 m), and more distance overall (6,812 ± 277 m) than other positions (p ≤ 0.05). By contrast, outside backs did less running (2,456 ± 114 m) than other positions (p ≤ 0.05), and had the lowest distance for HI running (528 ± 39 m) in the backs. Running demands were similar for forwards and backs; however, within positions there was considerable variation, and the lower running measurements for outside backs maybe unique to women's rugby. Due to these findings and possible different tactical approaches, the development of training and speed zone bands specific to female players is advised because male research findings may lack transferability to women's rugby.
Validity of Load–Velocity Relationship to Predict 1 Repetition Maximum During Deadlifts Performed With and Without Lifting Straps: The Accuracy of Six Prediction Models
Authors: Jukic Ivan , García-Ramos Amador , Malecek Jan , Omcirk Dan , Tufano James J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Jukic, I, García-Ramos, A, Malecek, J, Omcirk, D, and Tufano, JJ. Validity of load–velocity relationship to predict 1 repetition maximum during deadlifts performed with and without lifting straps: The accuracy of six prediction models. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 902–910, 2022—This study aimed to compare the accuracy of six 1 repetition maximum (1RM) prediction models during deadlifts performed with (DLw) and without (DLn) lifting straps. In a counterbalanced order, 18 resistance-trained men performed 2 sessions that consisted of an incremental loading test (20-40-60-80-90% of 1RM) followed by 1RM attempts during the DLn (1RM = 162.0 ± 26.9 kg) and DLw (1RM = 179.0 ± 29.9 kg). Predicted 1RMs were calculated by entering both group and individualized mean concentric velocity of the 1RM (V1RM) into an individualized linear and polynomial regression equations, which were derived from the load–velocity relationship of 5 ([20-40-60-80-90% of 1RM], i.e., multiple-point method) or 2 ([40 and 90% of 1RM] i.e., 2-point method) incremental warm-up sets. The predicted 1RMs were deemed highly valid if the following criteria were met: trivial to small effect size, practically perfect r, and low absolute errors (<5 kg). The main findings revealed that although prediction models were more accurate during the DLn than DLw, none of the models provided an accurate estimation of the 1RM during both DLn (r = 0.92–0.98; absolute errors: 6.6–8.1 kg) and DLw (r = 0.80–0.93; absolute errors: 12.4–16.3 kg) according to our criteria. Therefore, these results suggest that the 1RM for both DLn and DLw should not be estimated through the recording of movement velocity if sport professionals are not willing to accept more than 5 kg of absolute errors.
Low-Pass Filter Effects on Metrics of Countermovement Vertical Jump Performance
Authors: Harry John R. , Blinch Jarrod , Barker Leland A. , Krzyszkowski John , Chowning Luke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Harry, JR, Blinch, J, Barker, LA, Krzyszkowski, J, and Chowning, L. Low-pass filter effects on metrics of countermovement vertical jump performance. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1459–1467, 2022—Countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) studies using ground reaction force (GRF) data analyze either unfiltered (i.e., raw) or filtered data while providing little-to-no justification for the selected filtering process. Inappropriate filter choices can lead to inaccurate study results and erroneous interpretations. We examined the effects of not filtering GRF data in comparison with filtering data with various objectively and subjectively selected cutoff frequencies. Twenty-one collegiate male basketball players completed 3 maximal-effort CMVJ trials while GRF data were obtained from 2 force platforms. Countermovement vertical jump performance, explosiveness, power output, and neuromuscular function variables were compared among the following methods using one-way repeated-measures analyses of variance (α = 0.05): no filtering (raw data), a standard 50-Hz cutoff (50 Hz), a visually determined cutoff frequency describing the frequency band containing the majority of the summed (visual inspection 1) or not-summed (visual inspection 2) GRF signal's frequency content, filtering the summed (99% signal power 1) or not-summed (99% signal power 2) GRF using a cutoff frequency retaining 99% of the signal power. The raw data method produced significantly shorter concentric phase times and significantly greater center of mass flight heights (∼3%), modified reactive strength indices (RSIMOD; ∼4%), power outputs (∼6%), and push-off distances (∼4%) than 99% signal power 1 and 2 (p < 0.05). Discrete GRF and phase-specific yank magnitudes were not different among methods (p ≥ 0.05). Importantly, no differences were detected between the raw data and 50 Hz methods for any variable (p > 0.05). Low-pass filtering is not necessary when analyzing GRF data from the CMVJ. However, a low-pass filter with a 50-Hz cutoff can remove noise without altering results when compared with raw data. Explicit methodological descriptions of filtering processes should always be provided to improve the integrity of future CMVJ analyses, comparisons among various studies' results, or both.