bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of channel reservation on the handover calls flow in mobile network
Authors: Lebl Aleksandar , Mitić Dragan , Markov Žarko , Matić Vladimir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper the properties of handover traffic are analyzed in the system with channel reservation. The reservation of several traffic channels only for handover calls leads to probability of handover calls congestion decrease to the level of per mill or even lower. The congestion of all traffic channels in the neighbouring cells is the cause that handover traffic process deviates from the Poissonian distribution and this deviation is negligible, because handover calls congestion probability is very low. This low handover calls probability is also the reason why implementation of one equivalent cell instead of 6 neighbouring cells surrounding the central cell does not model satisfactory the traffic flow in the mobile network. The randomness of handover calls arrival to the central cell is tested by our originally developed simulation program. Coefficient of variation of time between handover calls arrival to the central cell is calculated as the result of simulation. We introduced the ratio of the coefficient of variation of the time between new handover calls appearance in the central cell to the value of this coefficient for surrounding cell as the measure of handover calls randomness: the nearer this ration to 1, the more random is handover calls arrival to the central cell.
Assessment of Landscape Change of Lesser Himalayan Road Corridor of Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Sur Ujjwal , Singh Prafull 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The spatio-temporal monitoring and understanding of the pattern of land-use and land-cover (LULC) change in the Himalayas are essential for sustainable development, especially from environmental planning and management perspective. The increasing anthropogenic activities and climate change in the Siwalik and Lesser Himalayas have substantially experienced rapid change in the natural landscape; however, detailed investigation and documentation of such observed changes are limited. This study aims to assess the LULC changes along the Kalsi-Chakrata road corridor located in the Lesser Himalayan region of Uttarakhand state of India using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) for the periods 2000-2010 and 2010-2019. The LULC maps were generated from multi-temporal satellite images of the Landsat -7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) series for 2000 and 2010, and the Linear Imaging Self-Scanning System IV (LISS IV) images from Resourcesat-1 for 2019. The extent of spatial landscape changes occurred in different LULC classes was performed through the cross-tabulation change matrix in the GIS module up to the individual village level. The results indicate that the forest cover of the area was intensively converted to open areas, sparse vegetation, and different land-use categories. These included agricultural land, built-up areas, and decreased from 47.27 % in 2000 to 36.66 % in 2019. During the same period, the open areas and agricultural areas were increased by 15.86 % and 4.49 %, respectively. Moreover, the built-up areas (both urban and rural settlements) were progressively increased from 0.33% in 2000 to 0.56 % in 2019. The conversion of forests and sparsely vegetative areas to agricultural land and rural settlements is closely associated with the increasing anthropogenic activities due to population growth, tourism, movement of heavy vehicles for mining and other economic activities. The changes in land-cover to land use classes are more prominent in Samalta Dadauli, Nithala, Bhugtari, and Udapalta villages located between Kalsi and Sahiya town. The reported maximum transition of forest areas into the open area, agricultural land, and sparse vegetation indicates the possible scarcity of water, which could link with the incidence of climatic or seasonal variation in the Lesser Himalayan terrain to the hydro-geomorphic and anthropogenic processes. The trend in LULC change at the village level gave the insight to help to prioritize future mitigation planning and sustainable development that are exceedingly convenient for the planners, policymakers, and local authorities for comprehensive forest management, biodiversity strategies, and necessary conservation
A P4 medicine perspective of gut microbiota and prediabetes: Systems analysis and personalized intervention
Authors: Huang Qiongrong , Fang Qiaojun , Hu Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for approximately 90% of diabetes worldwide and has become a global public health problem. Generally, individuals go to hospitals and get healthcare only when they have obvious T2D symptoms. While the underlying cause and mechanism of the disease are usually not well understood, treatment is for the symptoms, but not for the disease cause, and patients often continue to progress with more symptoms. Prediabetes is the early stage of diabetes and provides a good time window for intervention and prevention. However, with few symptoms, prediabetes is usually ignored without any treatment. Obviously, it is far from ideal to rely on the traditional medical system for diabetes healthcare. As a result, the medical system must be transformed from a reactive approach to a proactive approach. Root cause analysis and personalized intervention should be conducted for patients with prediabetes. Based on systems medicine, also known as P4 medicine, with a predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory approach, new medical system is expected to significantly promote the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as prediabetes and diabetes. Many studies have shown that the occurrence and development of diabetes is closely related to gut microbiota. However, the relationship between diabetes and gut microbiota has not been fully elucidated. This review describes the research on the relationship between gut microbiota and diabetes and some exploratory trials on the interventions of prediabetes based on P4 medicine model. Furthermore, we also discussed how these findings might influence the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diabetes in the future, thereby to improve the wellness of human beings.
Safety and efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for difficult-to-retrieve common bile duct stones: A ten-year experience
Authors: Manzoor ul Haque Muhammad , Hassan Luck Nasir , Ali Tasneem Abbas , Mudassir Laeeq Syed , Mandhwani Rajesh , Hanif Farina M. , Ullah Lail Ghulam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background and Objective
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for common bile duct (CBD) stones has been used in the past, but experience is limited. We report our experience of ESWL in the management of difficult CBD stones.

Methods
Patients with difficult-to-retrieve CBD stones were enrolled and underwent ESWL. Fluoroscopy is used to target the stones after injection of contrast via nasobiliary drain. CBD clearance was the main outcome of the study.

Results
Eighty-three patients were included (mean age 50.5 ± 14.5 years); these patients were mainly females (43; 51.8%). Large stones >15 mm were noted in 64 (77.1%), CBD stricture in 22 (26.5%) and incarcerated stone in 8 (9.6%) patients. Patients needed 2.1 ± 1.2 sessions of lithotripsy and 4266 ± 1881 shock waves per session. In 75 (90.3%) patients, the fragments were extracted endoscopically after ESWL, while spontaneous passage was observed in 8 (9.6%). Total CBD clearance was achieved in 67 (80.6%) patients, partial clearance in 5 (6%) and no response in 11 (13.2%). Failure of the treatment was observed in large stone with size ≥2 cm (P = 0.021), incarcerated stone (P = 0.020) and pre–endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography cholangitis (P = 0.047).

Conclusion
ESWL is a noninvasive, safe and effective therapeutic alternative to electrohydraulic lithotripsy and surgical exploration for difficult biliary stones.
Cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of nanoclinoptilolite on canine osteosarcoma cell lines
Authors: Ulutaş Pınar Alkım , Kıral Funda , Ulutaş Bülent , Aşıcı Gamze Sevri Ekren 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Clinoptilolite has antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties due to its biological activities. In various cancer cell culture studies, it has been reported effective against tumour cells and gave positive results in treatment of various tumours in dogs. No study was found on the effects of the nanoparticulate form, nanoclinoptilolite, on cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine its cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in canine osteosarcoma (OSA) cell culture.

Material and Methods
Doses at 50% inhibitory concentration were determined by measuring the dose- and duration-dependent cytotoxicity of nanoclinoptilolite on canine D-17 osteosarcoma cells by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) test for 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Murine caspase-3 and -7 activity and expression levels of the BAX and BCL2 genes were measured using RT-PCR to investigate the apoptotic effect.

Results
Nanoclinoptilolite decreased cell viability and induced caspase-3- and -7-mediated apoptosis in treated canine OSA cells. Furthermore, its application to canine OSA cells downregulated the expression of BCL2 and upregulated the expression of proapoptotic BAX.

Conclusion
Clinoptilolite, which was previously demonstrated to have anticancer properties, decreased cell viability effectively and rapidly and increased the apoptotic cell ratio in a novel use in nanoparticle form, exhibiting this effect by increasing the BAX/BCL2 ratio.
Computer Simulation to Optimize the VFA Alpha Prototype with a Hydraulic Piston Compressor and an Integrated Booster
Authors: Mezulis A. , Safronov A. , Guzeyeva J. , Begens J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Natural gas, including biomethane, is a sustainable alternative fuel. Widening compressed natural gas applications by now is restricted by weakly developed infrastructure. Hygen Ltd. works on “hydraulic piston” technology for natural gas and biomethane compressing, storing, delivering and discharging the storage cylinders by means of an innovative hydraulic boosting technology. Designing of the Vehicle Fuelling Appliance (VFA) demands to take into account thermodynamics and gas dynamics properties at fluid compression and motion. The present paper deals with theoretical characteristics and their link to test measurements regarding a particular VFA HYGEN+ Alpha prototype manufactured by Hygen Ltd.
Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from a Case of Foodborne Outbreak in Bulgaria
Authors: Ivanova Teodora , Krumova-Valcheva Gergana , Mateva Gergana , Daskalov Hristo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an outbreak provoked by methicillin-resistant strains of coagulase-positive S. aureus (CPS), produced staphylococcal enterotoxins (se) in pig meatballs and potato salad consumed from 70 people in the village Mamarchevo, Bulgaria. Eighteen women aged 50 to 70 years, and two children aged 4 and 5 years have demonstrated a severe malaise with vomiting and indigestion. Two food samples and isolates of CPS were received in the laboratory of Bulgarian Food Safety Agency. Both samples were found to have a high level of CPS. The level of S. aureus contamination in the potato salad was 8.3 logs CFU/g and 7.7 logs CFU/g in roasted meatballs, which was a significant reason to doubt the production of the toxin. The samples were analyzed according to the European Screening Method v5 using mini VIDAS SET2. The results showed a presence of staphylococcal enterotoxin (TV 2.67 for meatballs and TV 3.27 for potato salad), which was the reason for the ensuing food intoxication. EURL CPS applying quantitative indirect sandwich-type ELISA confirmed the presence of sea, sec and sed in the potato salad and sea and sed in the roasted meatballs. Two CPS isolates were confirmed as S. aureus by a species-specific 23S rRNA targeted PCR test. Real-time PCR method detected sea, sed, seg, sei, sej, and ser genes in S. aureus strains, found in both matrixes. Multiplex PCR method proved the existence of the mecA gene in both S. aureus strains. Resistance to cefoxitin (>16 mg/L), penicillin (>2 mg/L), kanamycin (64 mg/L) and sulfamethoxazole (>512 mg/L) was found.
Swiss second-home owners’ intentions of changing housing patterns
Authors: Sarman Igor , Czarnecki Adam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
For several decades, second homes have gained popularity across Europe. For various socio-economic reasons, it is important to understand the factors prompting owners to migrate to the destination area or preventing them from doing so. Discussions about “home” and “migration” here consider the emerging explanatory opportunities brought about by the “new mobility paradigm”. The purpose of this work is to examine whether second-home owners are prone to switch their housing pattern, hence permanently move to their second home, or to maintain the status quo, following a more flexible lifestyle by using both homes. An empirical investigation aimed at identifying the key factors fostering second-home owners’ intentions of future relocation to a holiday destination is proposed. Individual observations were collected through a survey posted to second-home owners in the Lake Maggiore region (Southern Switzerland). Results show that most of the second-home owners are happy to continue their current flexible housing patterns and enjoy the best of both homes, rather than opting for permanent relocation. This study also demonstrates the importance of the owner’s socio-demographic and psychological traits, as well as objective and subjective host-community characteristics, in explaining individuals’ future housing intentions.
Justice Reform or Facade Reform: The case of the Western Balkans
Authors: Halili Zenun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
EU transformative power is put into question and constantly challenged by the political actions of leaders in the Western Balkans. Although the political elites in this region have internalised a pro-European discourse, they are still guided and governed by authoritarian logic and practices colliding with the EU’s governing model. The paper analyses precisely this relationship between the EU and internal politics, namely, the transformative power/powerlessness of the EU towards the aspiring countries for membership in a single dimension; namely, justice. The paper reviews the reforms developed and the effects they have produced in the justice system in a calculation relation: costs and benefits. In this logic, this paper analyses costs and benefits of the internal elites of the Western Balkans, representing a classic oxymoron. On the one hand, pro-EU discourse is superficially used and, on the other, substantive actions are far from the EU’s governing model. The central argument emphasises that the reform process in the region has turned into a repetitive system of itself and destined to fail right from the beginning. So, we see a loss in reforms and plunging into a vicious circle, whereby each time elements increase and intensify but deteriorate one another, inevitably leading to the deterioration of the situation and producing multidimensional corruption.
Suicide attempts at the age of 10-18 in Lublin
Authors: Pabiś Małgorzata , Augustowska-Kruszyńska Kinga 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction. The number of children and adolescents hospitalized due to suicide attempts caused by stress, low self-esteem, lack of acceptance and peer violence, as well as family problems, increases every year. In addition, there may occur disturbed self-perception or depression. This is a very complex phenomenon, the scale of which should induce immediate multidimensional activities.

Aim. Analysis of the occurrence of suicide attempts among minors on the example of the city of Lublin.

Material and methods. The statistical data obtained from the Polish Police Headquarter and from the report of the Foundation We Give Children Strength – “Children count 2017” was analyzed and a review of the literature on the subject for the years 2014-2018 developed using the descriptive method was made.

Results. The report of the Foundation We Give Children Strength shows a huge scale of the phenomenon. According to its data, as many as 72% of children aged 11-17 have experienced at least one form of abuse in their lives, 7% of respondents have attempted suicide, and 16% of teenagers have mutilated themselves. The statistics conducted in Poland in 2017-2018 recorded: in 2017 the number of 116, and in 2018 – 97 suicide attempts ended in death. There were 5 deaths in 2017 and 9 in 2018 in Lubelskie Voivodeship, what shows an increase by 80% in 12 months. In the 7-12 age group in 2017, only one suicide attempt ended up in death was reported, in 2018 the number increased to 5 – none of them concerned the Lublin Province.

Conclusions. Suicide attempts ending up in death in 2018 accounted for 2.30% of suicide attempts undertaken in Lublin, while in Poland they constituted 1.87%. The main reasons for suicide attempts among minors are: the lack of acceptance, low self-esteem and peer violence, both physical and mental. Mass media have an influence on juvenile suicides. Belief in “multiple lives” perpetuated by computer games and films can have an impact on suicide attempts.
Investigation of the inhibitory-bactericidal effect of amidoamine-based inorganic complexes against microbiological and atmospheric corrosion
Authors: Aghazada Y.J. , Abbasov V.M. , Mursalov N.I. , Abdullayev S.E. , Yolchuyeva U.J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the process, inorganic complexes of amidoamines obtained from the interaction of natural petroleum acid and oleic acids with diethylenetriamine have been developed and their effectiveness as inhibitor-bactericides has been investigated. The effect of the synthesized reagents on the kinetics of the corrosion process of steel and the activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria in 3% NaCl solution saturated with CO2 and in the biphasic water–isopropyl alcohol medium with H2S dissolved has been analyzed. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the corrosion process were calculated. The adsorption of the complexes was investigated using the Langmuir isotherm and the correlation constant was determined. State of the metal surface was investigated by SEM method in CO2 and H2S media, with and without inhibitors, and the metal surface contact of complexes was studied by computer molecular simulation.
Enzymatic extraction of potato starch: A parametric optimization study using response surface methodology
Authors: Hameed Madsar , Ahmad Syed W. , Ahmad Sajjad , Qutab Haji G. , Dasih Muhammad , Imran Muhammad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Optimized, effective and efficient methodology has been determined in this research work for the recovery of starch from potatoes. Potato starch extraction experimental results have been utilized for the parametric optimization study by using different statistical techniques. In this research work, starch extraction was conducted by employing cellulase enzyme. Response surface methodology (RSM) was put to use to perform statistical analysis to get optimum results. Five-level central composite design (CCD) consisting of three parameters was implemented to investigate the effect of enzyme concentration, contact time and broth dilution. Experiment results revealed that increment in enzyme concentration and contact time enhanced the starch recovery while dilution showed the inverse relation on the recovery of starch. Optimum starch recovery was achieved upto 89% when enzyme concentration (0.5 g/100 g) of potato meal was diluted with 10 mL of water and mixed for 4 h at 45°C.
Odour emission from primary settling tanks after air-tightening
Authors: Friedrich Małgorzata , Mizerna-Nowotna Paulina , Latzke Filip 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the present article was to determine odour emission rate from primary settling tanks after hermetisation. The paper presents the results of the research on odour emission from four settling tanks, covered with self-supporting aluminium domes with a diameter of 52 meters, located on urban wastewater treatment plants, with the planned flow capacity equal to 200 000 m3/day. Altogether, the olfactometry analysis of 189 samples of polluted air pulled from the domes with the use of an air blower which has efficiency of 12 000 m3/h was conducted. The results of odour concentration measurements were in a range of approximately 10 800 to 763 600 ouE/m3. Average odour emission rate was equal to 102 ouE/(s · m2). The obtained value is much higher than the literature data, available for non-hermetised settlers only. This rate enables better estimation of the odour stream that has to be deodorised after sealing the settling tanks.
Using Social Media Data to Plan for Tourism
Authors: Zajadacz Alina , Minkwitz Aleksandra 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the article is to present the concept of using social media (SM) as data sources and communication tools, useful at the various stages of planning, implementing and monitoring the effects of tourism development on a local level. The first part discusses the stages of planning, then presents the characteristics of SM, along with a discussion of the issues presented in the literature to this date. The next part presents data sources and methods of research on SM and functions that they can perform in tourism. The concept presented, on the one hand, reviews the perspectives of practical use of SM as a communication tool and source of data and, on the other hand, the challenges related to the need to further deepen research on tourism planning methods that are adequate to the continuously changing environment.
Groundwater Level Prediction through GMS Software – Case Study of Karvan Area, Iran
Authors: Bayat Mandana , Eslamian Saeid , Shams Gholamreza , Hajiannia Alborz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Iran, being located in arid and semi-arid regions, faces an increase in human demand for water, and the global climate change has led to the excessive use of groundwater. China, India and Iran were ranked from first to third, respectively, in excessive groundwater consumption in 2005. The effects of effective parameters on groundwater recharge such as precipitation, surface recharge and well water harvesting in the Karvan aquifer are assessed. Groundwater flow models have typically been and are being adopted since the beginning of this millennium to better manage groundwater resources. The decrease in groundwater level and the potential environmental hazards thereof have made the researchers here to apply the Groundwater Modelling System (GMS software) in 3D in the subject area. This modelling is calibrated and validated for 86 months at steady and unsteady states. In this study, six scenarios are defined as both an increase and a decrease of 30% in precipitation, both an increase and a decrease of 30% in surface recharge, an increase of 10% in well water harvesting and a decrease of 30% in well water harvesting. The best scenario is selected for the subject area water management.