bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety of direct‐acting oral anticoagulants relative to warfarin in a matched cohort of liver transplant recipients
Authors: Santeusanio Andrew D. , Weinberg Alan D. , Florman Sander S. , Schiano Thomas D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite increasingly widespread utilization of direct‐acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs), there remains limited experience with the use of these agents following liver transplantation. We performed a single‐center, retrospective review of liver transplant recipients prescribed DOACs or warfarin between January 2014 and January 2018. Patients receiving DOACs were matched with warfarin‐treated controls based on discrete clinical parameters and followed from the time of anticoagulant prescription, until treatment discontinuation or study conclusion. The primary endpoint for this review was the incidence of clinically relevant major or non‐major bleeding among the treatment groups. Twenty‐seven patients prescribed DOACs were identified for inclusion in the review, of which 20 could be matched with suitable warfarin controls. At the conclusion of the study, warfarin‐treated patients had a significantly higher incidence of clinically relevant bleeding (45% vs 15%; P = .01). No statistically significant differences were found in the rate of new or recurrent thrombotic events. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that warfarin treatment was associated with a significantly higher odds of a bleeding event compared to treatment with a DOAC (OR = 6.9; 95% CI, 1.1‐44.6). DOAC use appears relatively safe compared with warfarin in select liver transplant recipients. Patient‐specific factors still bear consideration when selecting between the various anticoagulant options.
Participation and Receptivity in the Art Museum – A Phenomenological Exposition
Authors: Høffding Simon , Rung Mette , Roald Tone 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere is a powerful trend in museums today of asking visitors to participate in the exhibitions, co‐create content, and to be active and engage with one another in the museum space. While welcoming the participatory agenda as an initiative of democratizing art museums, we argue in this paper that the rise of the participatory agenda also redefines the purpose of the art museum in a way that risks overlooking the kinds of experiences people undergo in art museums. Based on qualitative and phenomenologically inspired interviews with museum visitors, we present a sketch of a class of aesthetic experiences that ought to be taken into consideration in curatorial practices. Developing a picture of the phenomenology of aesthetic experience, we argue that such experiences should be taken into account when considering the question of the purpose of the art museum.
Diagnosis and treatment of xerosis cutis – a position paper
Authors: Augustin Matthias , Wilsmann‐Theis Dagmar , Körber Andreas , Kerscher Martina , Itschert Götz , Dippel Michaela , Staubach Petra 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackground and rationaleXerosis cutis (also referred to as xeroderma, dry skin, asteatosis) affects more than 10 million individuals in Germany. It is among the most common dermatological diagnoses and a cardinal symptom of many dermatological, internal and neurological diseases. Even though it has been established that basic skin care plays a significant role in the management of patients with xerosis cutis, there are as yet no evidence‐based algorithms for diagnosis and treatment.ObjectiveThe present position paper provides physicians across all specialties with a practical, symptom‐based approach to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of xerosis cutis.MethodsWithin a structured decision‐making process, a panel of experienced dermatologists first defined questions relevant to everyday clinical practice, which were then addressed by a systematic review of the literature. Based on the evidence available as well as expert consensus, diagnostic and treatment algorithms were subsequently developed and agreed upon.ResultsXerosis cutis is generally diagnosed on clinical grounds. Possible trigger factors must be avoided, and comorbidities should be adequately and specifically treated. Suitable skin care products should be chosen with a view to improving skin hydration and restoring its barrier function. They should therefore contain both rehydrating and lipid‐replenishing components. The “drier” the skin appears, the greater the lipid content should be (preferably using water‐in‐oil formulations). The choice of ingredients is based on a patient's individual symptoms, such as scaling (e.g., urea), fissures/rhagades (e.g., urea or dexpanthenol), erythema (e.g., licochalcone A) and pruritus (e.g., polidocanol). Other factors to be considered include the site affected and patient age. Ingredients or rather combinations thereof for which there is good clinical evidence should be preferentially used. The best evidence by far is available for urea, whose efficacy in the treatment of xerosis is further enhanced by combining it with other natural moisturizing components and ceramides. The “xerosimeter” is a tool developed in an effort to facilitate patient management and for training purposes. It not only includes practical tools for diagnosis and follow‐up but also a classification of ingredients and a structured treatment algorithm.ConclusionThe structured symptom‐ and evidence‐based approach proposed herein contains a road map for diagnosis and treatment of xerosis cutis. It aims to raise awareness in terms of prevention and early treatment of this condition and may thus improve quality of life and prevent potential sequelae.
Persistent atrial fibrillation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Prognostic relevance and association with clinical, imaging and invasive haemodynamic parameters
Authors: Schönbauer Robert , Duca Franz , Kammerlander Andreas A. , Aschauer Stefan , Binder Christina , Zotter‐Tufaro Caroline , Koschutnik Matthias , Fiedler Lukas , Roithinger Franz Xaver , Loewe Christian , Hengstenberg Christian , Bonderman Diana , Mascherbauer Julia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent finding in HFpEF. However, its association with invasive haemodynamics, imaging parameters and outcome in HFpEF is not well established. Furthermore, the relevance of AF subtype with regard to outcome is unclear. This study sought to investigate the prognostic impact of paroxysmal and persistent AF in a well‐defined heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) population.Materials and methodsBetween 2010 and 2016, 254 HFpEF patients were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent echocardiography as well as left and right heart catheterization. Patients without contraindications underwent CMR including T1 mapping. Follow‐up and outcome data were collected. Patients with significant coronary artery disease were excluded.ResultsA total of 153 patients (60%) suffered from AF, 119 (47%) had persistent and 34 (13%) had paroxysmal AF. By multiple logistic regression analysis, persistent AF was independently associated with NT‐proBNP (P = .003), NYHA functional class (P = .040), left and right atrial size (P = .022 and <.001, respectively), cardiac output (P = .002) and COPD (P = .034). After a median follow‐up of 23 months (interquartile range 5‐48), 92 patients (36%) reached the primary end point defined as hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death. By multivariate Cox regression analysis, only persistent AF (P = .005) and six‐minute walk distance (P = .011) were independently associated with the primary end point.ConclusionsSixty percent of our HFpEF patients suffered from AF. Persistent but not paroxysmal AF was strongly associated with event‐free survival and was independently related to NYHA functional class, serum NT‐proBNP, atrial size, cardiac ouput and presence of COPD.
Clinical features and patterns of psychopharmacological prescription in bipolar patients with vs without anxiety disorders at onset
Authors: Galimberti Cesare , Caricasole Valentina , Bosi Monica F. , Viganò Caterina A. , Ketter Terence A. , Dell'Osso Bernardo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimUp to just over half of bipolar disorder (BD) patients report at least one‐lifetime anxiety disorder (AD). In some, anxiety represents the earliest psychiatric manifestation, prior to any mood episode. We sought to investigate prevalence of AD subtypes as first psychiatric manifestations and AD's relations with duration of untreated illness (DUI) and treatment among BD outpatients.MethodsWe recruited patients referred to the Centre for the Treatment of Depressive Disorders in Milan, diagnosed with BD‐I, BD‐II, BD not otherwise specified (BD‐NOS) and cyclothymia according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual fourth edition‐text revision criteria. Several clinical characteristics were assessed through retrospective chart review and/or direct patient interviews. Based on presence/absence of an AD at psychiatric onset, eligible subjects were stratified into two groups (A+ and A−) and clinical features were compared between these groups and between BD subtypes.ResultsWe analysed 260 BD patients (77 BD‐I, 122 BD‐II, 45 BD‐NOS and 16 cyclothymia). An AD was the first psychiatric manifestation in 69 patients (26.5%). BD‐II and BD‐NOS more frequently had an AD at psychiatric onset, with panic disorder being the most common AD. Among A+ vs A−, age at BD onset was younger, duration of untreated BD illness (DUI) was longer, and a mood stabilizer/antipsychotic was less often prescribed at psychiatric onset.ConclusionsConsidering BD in its longitudinal course, over one in four BD patients presenting with an AD at psychiatric onset belatedly access adequate treatment, with subsequent prolonged DUI and prospective worse outcome compared to patients with a mood episode at psychiatric onset.
The efficacy and safety of modified bortezomib‐lenalidomide‐dexamethasone in transplant‐eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Okazuka Kiyoshi , Ishida Tadao , Nashimoto Junichiro , Uto Yui , Sato Kota , Miyazaki Kanji , Ogura Mizuki , Yoshiki Yumiko , Abe Yu , Tsukada Nobuhiro , Suzuki Kenshi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesBortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRd) is a standard induction regimen for transplant‐eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). However, some patients discontinue VRd because of severe adverse events, despite its high efficacy. We aimed to study the efficacy of modified dose of VRd (VRd lite) in transplant‐eligible patients with NDMM.MethodsForty‐eight transplant‐eligible patients with NDMM were included. VRd lite was administered every 4 weeks. Bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 was administered subcutaneously on days 1, 8, 15 and 22, and dexamethasone 20 mg was administered orally on the day of and the day after bortezomib administration. Lenalidomide was omitted on days 1, 8 and 15, which are the days of bortezomib administration.ResultsThe overall response rate (ORR) after four cycles of VRd lite was 83%, including a complete response of 25%. Thirty‐eight among the 45 patients who completed at least four cycles of VRd lite received autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The ORR and very good partial response or better were upgraded to 100% and 74%, respectively, following ASCT.ConclusionOur strategy consisting of VRd lite followed by ASCT is, thus, a highly effective and well‐tolerated regimen resulting in durable responses in patients with NDMM.
HIV‐1 inhibits haematopoiesis via microRNA secreted by virus‐infected CD4+ T cells
Authors: Padmanabhan Usha , Dahake Ritwik , Chowdhary Abhay S. , Koka Prasad S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionHIV‐1‐infected patients develop haematological disorders such as cytopenias. One possible explanation is the inhibition of haematopoiesis at the level of differentiation of CD34+ haematopoietic progenitor stem cells. Based on our previous studies, we hypothesised that there may be viral encoded, or host cellular factors which participate in the process of inhibition of haematopoiesis.Materials and MethodsVirus‐depleted media from infected CD4+ T cells was prepared by filtration and added to CD34+ cell differentiation semisolid medium. We have also used the virus‐depleted media to isolate host/viral factors including miRNA. Isolated miRNAs were screened for their haematopoietic inhibitory function using the miRNA mining approach.ResultsAddition of virus‐depleted media caused a 40% inhibition of differentiation of CD34+ cells into myeloid and erythroid colony formation. Real‐time RT‐PCR showed miR‐15a and miR‐24 from both pIndie‐C1 and pNL4.3 HIV‐1‐infected cells showed a significant differential expression when compared to control media.ConclusionIn this study, we have identified two miRNAs, miR‐15a and miR‐24 secreted from purified HIV‐1‐infected CD4+ T cells that inhibited CD34+ haematopoietic progenitor stem cell differentiation into myeloid and erythroid colonies in vitro.
Generalized 3D high cycle fatigue criteria for multiscale bridging‐based progressive damage analysis of multilayer composite parts under random loads and material deterioration
Authors: Shariyat Mohammad , Rahimi‐Ghozat Mahsa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo frameworks are employed to develop two distinct categories of multiaxial high cycle fatigue life assessment models for composite components experiencing general and random loading conditions. In this regard, the decay in the material properties with cycles is also taken into account. It is obvious that in multilayer components, the fatigue failure is a progressive process that may be accompanied by gradual or sudden changes in the material properties and, consequently, the resulting stresses. In addition to using the traditional progressive damage analyses, a new concept is proposed for tracing of the localized fatigue failures more accurately. It is postulated that generally, the stress components have distinct frequencies, phase shifts, and mean values that all vary with time in a random manner. The proposed fatigue criteria, especially, the equivalent‐stress–based ones, are capable of predicting various fatigue failure modes, such as the fibre breakage, matrix cracking, and interfacial debonding. A special and comprehensive fatigue failure tracking and cycle counting algorithms that are capable of handling the mentioned general peculiarities are proposed. The proposed HCF criteria and the relevant fatigue life assessment algorithm are then implemented on a composite multilayer mono‐leaf spring of a realistic vehicle under a random field‐measured loading condition, as a typical component, and the results are compared and the experimental results conducted by the authors, for accuracy investigations. The considered stochastic road inputs have been chosen on the basis of the consumption times and field measurements.
Lakes as nitrous oxide sources in the boreal landscape
Authors: Kortelainen Pirkko , Larmola Tuula , Rantakari Miitta , Juutinen Sari , Alm Jukka , Martikainen Pertti J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEstimates of regional and global freshwater N2O emissions have remained inaccurate due to scarce data and complexity of the multiple processes driving N2O fluxes the focus predominantly being on summer time measurements from emission hot spots, agricultural streams. Here, we present four‐season data of N2O concentrations in the water columns of randomly selected boreal lakes covering a large variation in latitude, lake type, area, depth, water chemistry, and land use cover. Nitrate was the key driver for N2O dynamics, explaining as much as 78% of the variation of the seasonal mean N2O concentrations across all lakes. Nitrate concentrations varied among seasons being highest in winter and lowest in summer. Of the surface water samples, 71% were oversaturated with N2O relative to the atmosphere. Largest oversaturation was measured in winter and lowest in summer stressing the importance to include full year N2O measurements in annual emission estimates. Including winter data resulted in fourfold annual N2O emission estimates compared to summer only measurements. Nutrient‐rich calcareous and large humic lakes had the highest annual N2O emissions. Our emission estimates for Finnish and boreal lakes are 0.6 and 29 Gg N2O‐N/year, respectively. The global warming potential of N2O from lakes cannot be neglected in the boreal landscape, being 35% of that of diffusive CH4 emission in Finnish lakes.
Molecular signature of hepatitis B virus regulation by interferon‐γ in primary human hepatocytes
Authors: Nosaka Takuto , Naito Tatsushi , Matsuda Hidetaka , Ohtani Masahiro , Hiramatsu Katsushi , Nemoto Tomoyuki , Nishizawa Tsutomu , Okamoto Hiroaki , Nakamoto Yasunari 
Published: November 2019

AimA complete cure for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires elimination of covalently closed circular DNA; however, this remains to be clinically achieved. Interferon (IFN)‐γ, a type II IFN, is produced by intrahepatic cytotoxic T lymphocytes and has non‐cytolytic antiviral potential. However, the mechanism by which IFN‐γ regulates HBV infection has not been fully elucidated. Thus, we developed an in vitro HBV infection assay system and analyzed the molecular signature of HBV regulation by IFN‐γ.MethodsThe in vitro HBV infection assay system was established in primary human hepatocytes infected with HBV derived from the plasmid containing 1.3‐mer HBV genome, and treated with IFN‐γ. The antiviral effects and signaling pathways of IFN‐γ were examined using microarray, and assessed by siRNA knockdown experiments of the related genes.ResultsIFN‐γ treatment suppressed both HBV propagation and transcription as efficiently as IFN‐α. Microarray analysis showed that IFN‐γ stimulation induced the activation of both IFN‐γ and IFN‐α signaling, regulating HBV covalently closed circular DNA. HBV production was decreased by IFN‐γ through Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling and interferon‐stimulated genes, such as 2′‐5′‐oligoadenylate synthase 2 and apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3G.ConclusionsIFN‐γ can suppress HBV propagation and transcription in hepatocytes by activating specific intracellular signaling pathways in hepatocytes, and suggests the future application of these particular signaling pathways or genes for the complete elimination of HBV.
Replacing K‐feldspar with a siliceous solid by‐product of zeolite industry for medium‐temperature calcium matte glazes
Authors: Lu Xilong , Cheng Kemu , Cao Chun‐e , Chen Yunxia , Shi Wei , Wang Peng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo recycle a multicomponent siliceous solid waste (MSW), a by‐product of the zeolite industry, as a K‐feldspar substitute for the preparation of medium temperature calcium matte glazes, the chemical composition, phase evolution, and thermal behavior of the waste versus temperature were characterized using multiple techniques. Based on the TG‐DTA results, the waste was thermal treated at an optimum temperature of 1200°C prior to glaze preparation. Then, the calcined MSW was substituted for various amounts of K‐feldspar and calcium matte glazes were prepared that produced high‐quality smooth surfaces with a velvety appearance after firing at 1200°C. The results indicate that the matting effects originate from the scattering of the incident light by densely populated columnar wollastonite crystals embedded in the glazes with the b‐axis parallel to the glaze layer, which facilitates the well‐resolved Raman peaks of the calcium matte glazes.
“Gene” modeling approach to new glass design
Authors: Zhang Liyan , Xu Yongchun , Li Hong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractComposition‐structure‐property (C‐S‐P) approach, named as “glass structural gene modeling (GSgM), for glass database development and new glass design are detailed in this article. C‐S‐P modeling principle and modeling procedure are selectively demonstrated using two sets of phosphate glass systems with various modifications by SiO2, B2O3, and La2O3. Finally, new glass design and a selective validation of the glass design are provided. The use of S‐P modeling approach, especially for single‐component studies of glass property responses in a highly nonlinear fashion, transforms one dimensional C‐P problem solving to modeling of multidimensional response space of the glass network structural groups or genes. The spectroscopically derived structural groups aided by statistical screening for significance result in better problem solving capability in the S‐P models as compared with C‐P models.
Stability of the Y2O3–SiO2 system in high‐temperature, high‐velocity water vapor
Authors: Parker Cory G. , Opila Elizabeth J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh‐temperature, high‐velocity water vapor (steam‐jet) exposures were conducted on Y2O3, Y2SiO5, Y2Si2O7, and SiO2 for 60 hours at 1400°C. Volatility of Y2O3 was not observed. Phase‐pure Y2SiO5 exhibited SiO2 loss forming Y2O3 and porosity. A mixed porous and dense Y2SiO5 layer formed on the surface of Y2Si2O7 due to SiO2 depletion. The mechanisms and kinetics of the reaction between SiO2 and H2O(g) to form Si(OH)4(g) from Y2SiO5, Y2Si2O7, and SiO2 are discussed.
Descriptive study of naevus involution in a series of 74 patients with atypical naevus syndrome under SIAscopy digital follow‐up
Authors: Moreno S. , Maiques O. , Gatius S. , Veà A. , Barrera J. , Barcelo C. , Santacana M. , Soria X. , Matias‐Guiu X. , Martí R.M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCharacterization of nevi involution could help to understand the biological behaviour of melanocytic neoplasms.ObjectiveTo describe the frequency and morphology of naevus involution in a series of patients with atypical naevus syndrome under digital follow‐up with a SIAscopy program and, in a small sample of fading nevi, to analyse histopathological features and immunohistochemical biomarkers.MethodsSeventy‐four patients registered from April 2007 to July 2014 in the SIAscopy system of the Department of Dermatology of Hospital Arnau de Vilanova of Lleida, Spain, were reviewed. Fourteen naevus cases with fading features were prospectively excised during follow‐up. Eleven already excised naevus controls were randomly selected from our archive.ResultsWe observed that 81% of patients showed, at least, one involutive naevus and 25% of recorded nevi presented this phenomenon; the mean time of involution was 46.7 months. The predominant structural pattern was reticular (>70%), and the most frequently observed regression structures were vascular (33.8%). Histopathological significant higher intensity of inflammatory infiltrate in controls and higher presence of laminar and compact fibrosis and increase of vessels in cases were demonstrated. Regarding immunohistochemical biomarkers, only higher expression of cytoplasmic activated caspase 3 in controls was significant.ConclusionsNaevus involution is a common phenomenon in patients with dysplastic naevus syndrome. It is usually a slow process, more frequent in naevus with reticular pattern. SIAscopy regression structures are uncommon, with the exception of vascular ones. Histologically, fading involutive pattern is characterized by scarce inflammatory infiltrate and melanophages, delicate fibrosis and increase of vessels.