bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in ITGAV for Gastric, Pancreatic and Liver Malignancies: An Approach Towards the Discovery of Biomarker
Authors: Bhattacharya Shreya , Sah Pragati Prasad , Banerjee Arundhati , Ray Sujay 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Integrin αV, encoded by ITGAV gene, is one of the most studied protein
subunits, closely associated with liver, pancreatic and stomach cancer progression and metastasis
via regulation of angiogenesis. The occurrence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in cancer-
associated proteins is a key determinant for varied susceptibility of an individual towards cancer.

Methodology:
The study investigated the deleterious effects of these cancer-associated SNPs on
the protein’s structure, stability and cancer causing potential using an in silico approach. Numerous
computational tools were employed that identified the most deleterious cancer-associated SNPs
and those to get actively involved in post-translational modifications. The impact of these SNPs on
the protein structure, function and stability was also examined.

Conclusion and Future Scope:
A total 63 non-synonymous SNPs in ITGAV gene were observed
to be associated in these three gastrointestinal cancers and among this, 63, 19 were the most deleterious
ones. The structural and functional importance of residues altered by most damaging SNPs
was analyzed through evolutionary conservation and solvent accessibility. The study also elucidated
three-dimensional structures of the 19 most damaging mutants. The analysis of conformational
variation identified 5 SNPs (D379Y, G188E, G513V, L950P, and R540L) in integrin αV, which influence
the protein’s structure. Three calcium binding sites were predicted at residues: D379, G384
and G408 and a peptide binding site at residue: R369 in integrin αV. Therefore, SNPs D379Y,
G384C, G408R and R369W have the potential to alter the binding properties of the protein. Screening
and characterization of deleterious SNPs could advance novel biomarker discovery and therapeutic
development in the future.
Combined Treatment with JFKD and Gefitinib Overcomes Drug Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Huang Xiaoming , Sun Jingchun , Sun Jianli 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Gefitinib is an important drug used to treat Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
(NSCLC) with EGFR activating mutations, but drug resistance restricts its clinical application. In this
present study, combined Jin Fu Kang Decoction (JFKD) and gefitinib showed specific cytotoxicity to
gefitinib-resistant cancer cells (PC-9/gef).

Objective:
This study aimed to decipher the molecular mechanism of the JFKD on drug resistance
when used together with Gefitinib and to find the contributing bio-active substance(s) in JFKD based
on the putative mechanism.

Methods:
To investigate the combined effect of gefitinib and JFKD, in vitro experiments were conducted
on the established gefitinib-resistant PC-9 subclone, while in vivo experiments were conducted
on the BALB/c nude mice with PC-9/gef xenografts. Western blot was used to evaluate the protein expression,
and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) coupled with quadrupole time-offlight
Mass Spectrometry (MS) was used to detect the bio-active compounds of JFKD.

Results:
The expression of the PTEN-relevant protein p-EGFR, p-Akt in vitro was inhibited more
when combined JKFD and gefitinib were used, whereas the activities of PDCD4 and PTEN were increased;
remarkably, in vivo experiments showed enhanced tumor growth inhibition when treated with
this combination. Due to this combination, the effect on the gefitinib-resistant cell line, one of the
JFKD-induced anti-cancer mechanisms, was found. To link the putative mechanism and the anticancer
compounds in JFKD, 14 saponins and flavonoids were detected.

Conclusion:
Characterization of P. aeruginosa Glucose 6- Phosphate Isomerase: A Functional Insight via In-Vitro Activity Study
Authors: Angira Deekshi , Natarajan Nalini , Dedania Samir R. , Patel Darshan H. , Thiruvenkatam Vijay 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (G6PI) catalyses the second step in glycolysis
in the reversible interconversion of an aldohexose glucose 6-phosphate, a six membered ring moiety to a
ketohexose, fructose 6-phosphate five membered ring moiety. This enzyme is of utmost importance due
to its multifunctional role like neuroleukin, autocrine motility factor, etc. in various species. G6PI from
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is less explored for its moonlighting properties. These properties can be predicted
by studying the active site conservation of residues and their interaction with the specific ligand.

Methods:
Here, we study the G6PI in a self-inducible construct in bacterial expression system with its
purification using Ni-NTA chromatography. The secondary structure of pure G6PI is estimated using
circular dichroism to further predict the proper folding form of the protein. The bioactivity of the purified
enzyme is quantified using phosphoglucose isomerase colorimetric kit with a value of 12.5 mU/mL.
Differential scanning fluorimetry and isothermal titration calorimetry were employed to monitor the interaction
of G6PI with its competitive inhibitor, erythrose 4-phosphate and calculated the Tm, Kd and
IC50 values. Further, the homology model for the protein was prepared to study the interaction with the
erythrose 4-phosphate. MD simulation of the complex was performed at 100 ns to identify the binding
interactions.

Results:
We identified hydrogen bonds and water bridges dominating the interactions in the active site
holding the protein and ligand with strong affinity.

Conclusion :
G6PI was successfully crystallized and data has been collected at 6Å. We are focused on
improving the crystal quality for obtaining higher resolution data.
Rationale and Design of the ACS-BP Study: Prognostic Value of In-Hospital Blood Pressure and Indices of Atherosclerosis in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Koumelli Areti , Konstantinou Konstantinos , Kasiakogias Alexandros , Dimitriadis Kyriakos , Leontsinis Ioannis , Mantzouranis Emmanouil , Tolis Elias , Fragkoulis Christos , Ntalakouras Ioannis , Thomopoulos Costas , Tousoulis Dimitrios , Tsioufis Costas 
Published: August 2020

Background:
High blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for coronary artery disease
and other major cardiovascular events.

Objective:
Blood pressure variability (BPV), ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and ankle-
brachial index (ABI) have been proposed as indices that can improve risk stratification for an adverse
cardiac outcome. However, their utility in the setting of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is
unclear.

Methods:
The ACS-BP study is a single-centre observational cohort study designed to investigate
the prognostic role of haemodynamic load and arterial stiffness indices for cardio-renal outcomes
in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). All consecutive patients admitted with a diagnosis
of acute AMI with or without ST segment elevation were screened for inclusion in the study.
The management of AMI will follow current guidelines.

Results and Discussion:
Data from baseline clinical and laboratory parameters during their hospitalization
were collected. The haemodynamic load of each patient was determined by clinical BP
values as well as 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. The AASI was calculated from the raw 24-h BP
data and ABI was measured after the third day of hospitalization using a certified device. Patients
were followed-up for 12 months in order to collect data for hard cardiovascular and renal endpoints.

Conclusion:
The study results should clarify the role of these non-invasive tools in secondary risk
stratification of such patients.
A Study of Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Gout: A Single Center Study from Nepal
Authors: Vaidya Binit , Baral Rikesh , Lama Lakpa Dolma , Joshi Rakshya , Bhochhibhoya Manisha , Nakarmi Shweta 
Published: August 2020

Background and Aims:
To study the prevalence of deranged metabolic parameters in patients
with gout.

Methods:
This was a prospective, cross-sectional observational study conducted at a tertiary level
rheumatology center in Nepal. Patients over 18 years and diagnosed as gout using the ACR/EULAR
2015 classification criteria were included in the study. Known cases of chronic kidney disease,
liver disease and heart diseases were excluded. Baseline demographic data along with records
of weight, waist circumference, lipid profile, glucose profile, blood pressure measurement, serum
uric acid level and inflammatory markers were taken. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS) was
made according to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. Approval was obtained
from the ethical review board of the National Center for Rheumatic Diseases.

Results:
A total of 523 patients with gout were enrolled in the study, out of which 97.0% were
male. The mean age at diagnosis was 49.1±12.8 years. Most of the patients were overweight with a
mean BMI of 27.0±3.6 kg/m2. About 8.1% had preexisting diabetes mellitus, 24.6% had hypertension,
5.1% had hypothyroidism and 45.1% had dyslipidemia. Patients fulfilling 2 out of 5 criteria
of MS were 60.6% whereas 30.6% fulfilled 3 out of 5 criteria.

Conclusion:
Gout was commonly observed in middle-aged men. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome
and its components was high in patients with gout. Management of gout should also include
screening and management of the metabolic syndrome.
Virtue of Nanotechnology in Confronting Obesity: Recent Advances
Authors: Sandhu Jashanpreet S. , Das Rina , Mehta Dinesh K. , Dhanawat Meenakshi 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Obesity has been a serious health issue over the last decades, both in the
affluent western world and developing countries. Obesity is linked to major health complications,
such as diabetes, cardiac disorder, cancer, hypertension, sleep apnoea, etc. Available treatments,
such as bariatric surgery and pharmacotherapy are often accompanied by adverse side effects and
poor patient compliance. Nanotechnology is a discipline that is concerned with material characteristics
at the nanoscale, and offers novel techniques for disease detection, management, and prevention.

Objectives:
Recent progress in the field of obesity research at its interface with nanotechnology is
the main focus of this study. Nanomedicine has greatly enhanced the health status of the people
suffering from obesity as it provides non-obtrusive techniques for the management and treatment
of obesity.

Methods:
Literature survey was performed using PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science
search engines with- terms nanotechnology, nanomedicine and obesity. The research focused primarily
on articles published between the years 2000 and 2019.

Results:
Original and innovative approaches in the developments of nano-technology based drug
delivery strategies have been described. Nanotechnology has been widely proposed to combine
herbal medicine for the treatment of obesity, because nano-structured systems might be able to potentiate
the action of plant extracts, reducing the required dose and side effects, and improving activity.
This will offer a wide era of treatment options, which will directly improve the patient’s
compliance.

Conclusion:
This review surveys recent developments of nanotechnology-­‐based drug delivery
strategies, which are highlighted and discussed for obesity treatment with an emphasis on the enhanced
therapeutic efficiency and minimized side effects. The insights for future development related
to the management of obesity have also been discussed.
Extraction and Quantification of Eugenol from Clove Buds Using HPLC
Authors: Shafira Khadiza Fitri , Azad Abul Kalam , Labu Zubair Khalid , Helal Uddin Abul Bashar Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

Background:Eugenol is the main constituent of clove essential oil. Past studies have found that clove oil has diverse uses in the pharmaceutical field due to its antioxidant, antibacterial and anesthetic properties.Objective:This work compares the performance of different extraction methods and factors and identifies the effect of the treatments on oil yields and eugenol content.Materials and Methods:Maceration, Hydro distillation, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and Soxhlet were performed. The best technique was identified according to yield and content. Further studies were conducted to examine the effects of different factors, such as solvent types (ethanol and methanol) and sample-to-solvent ratio (1:10 and 1:15). HPLC UV-Vis was utilized in the analysis of eugenol concentration.Results and Discussion:Soxhlet extraction provided the highest yield (39.98%) and eugenol content (15.83%), compared to other methods. The results observed from several Soxhlet extraction factors showed that there is no significant difference between the different factors. In the meantime, methanol 1:15 provided the greatest amount of yields (57.83%) and eugenol content (22.21%). In this regard, the higher ratio resulted in higher eugenol content.Conclusion:The results obtained are less comparable because the processing time, the working solvent, and the separation technique were carried out differently for each method. In the meantime, as there is no past study that compared the selected methods and factors, this study’s findings will contribute substantially to fill the gap in this field.
Keyphrase Extraction by Improving TextRank with an Integration of
Word Embedding and Syntactic Information
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Luo Qi , Feng Yukun , Ding Ke , Gifu Daniela , Zhang Silan , Ma Xiaohang , Xia Jingbo 
Published: August 2020

Background:
As a known key phrase extraction algorithm, TextRank is an analogue of PageRank algorithm,
which relied heavily on the statistics of term frequency in the manner of co-occurrence analysis.

Objective:
The frequency-based characteristic made it a neck-bottle for performance enhancement, and various improved
TextRank algorithms were proposed in the recent years. Most of improvements incorporated semantic information into key
phrase extraction algorithm and achieved improvement.

Method:
In this research, taking both syntactic and semantic information into consideration, we integrated syntactic tree
algorithm and word embedding and put forward an algorithm of Word Embedding and Syntactic Information Algorithm
(WESIA), which improved the accuracy of the TextRank algorithm.

Results:
By applying our method on a self-made test set and a public test set, the result implied that the proposed unsupervised key phrase extraction algorithm outperformed the other algorithms to some extent.
Assessment of histo-reparative effect of methanolic extract of Camellia sinensis in rat model of Lead-induced testicular damage
Authors: Omotoso Dayo Rotimi , Akinola Adeniran Oluwadamilare , Ehiemere Winners Prince 
Published: August 2020

Objective: To assess reparative effect of methanolic extract of Camellia sinensis on testicular histomorphology of male Wistar rats exposed to lead-induced testicular damage. Methods: Twenty four male Wistar rats were grouped into four A–D (n = 6). These include normal control group A (distilled water 5 ml/kg), test control group B (lead acetate 30 mg/kg), treatment group C (lead acetate 30 mg/kg + MECS 5 mg/kg) and treatment group D (lead acetate 30 mg/kg + MECS 10 mg/kg). Administrations were through oral route for a period of 60 days and body weight of study animals was recorded during days 0, 20, 40 and 60 of study. Phytochemical analysis of extract was done using GCMS. At the end of sudy, testicular tissue weight of study animals was measured followed by histopathological study. Results: The extract significantly ameliorated body weight loss and exhibited histo-reparative effect on testicular histomorphology of study animals following lead exposure. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Camellia sinensis exhibits reparative effect against toxic effect of tissue toxicant due to its antioxidant activity.
Keywords: Camellia sinensis, Lead toxicity, Testis histomorphology, Wistar rats
Acute kidney injury with dark urine: the case of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: El-Reshaid Kamel , Sabri Hasan , Al-Bader Shaikha 
Published: August 2020

In this case report; we describe a patient with severe attack of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) following Ciprofloxacin therapy. He presented with recurrent abdominal pain, repeated vomiting and dark urine. Physical examination revealed severe pallor and jaundice. Laboratory investigations showed severe intravascular hemolysis with negative Coomb’s test, progressive acute kidney injury (AKI), sterile blood cultures and negative serology for autoimmune diseases. Subsequently, he developed pancytopenia. Ham test was positive and flow cytometry, later on, confirmed PNH. He was supported with multiple transfusions of packed blood cells and hemodialysis. Ciprofloxacin was discontinued and his PNH was treated with Solumedrol 1 g daily for 3 days followed by Prednisone 60 mg/day for 2 months. Two weeks later; his hemolysis abated and his AKI improved. Up to 5 years later, he still has minor PNH clone yet without disease activity. In conclusion; our patient had acute drug-induced hemolytic crisis associated with minor PNH clone. With drug-vigilance; no further relapses were reported and his PNH clone remained stable for 5 years. The case expands the spectrum of PNH phenotypes and its triggering factors.
Keywords: AKI, anemia, autoimmune, flow cytometry, hemolysis, PNH.
How Temperature Pharmacology Was Formed: History in Personalities
Authors: Urakov Aleksandr L. 
Published: August 2020

It is shown that temperature pharmacology is a new scientific and practical direction in which the local interaction of drugs is considered taking into account the local temperature of selected parts of the body. It is indicated that the main provisions of this direction were formulated in Russia by 1988. Catalysts for the formation of a new direction were the results of in vitro experiments with isolated mitochondria at different local temperatures. The chronology of the resolution of contradictions between the existing public opinion and new ideas about the role of local temperature in the mechanism of action of drugs in hypoxia and ischemia is indicated. Scientists, doctors and journalists who were the first to believe in the prospects of temperature pharmacology are listed. The first scientific articles and inventions that formed the basis of a new scientific direction are presented. The latest achievements and visible prospects for the development of temperature pharmacology in medicine, biology, pharmacology and pharmacy are indicated.
Keywords: history of science, pharmacology, pharmacy, medicines, local temperature.
Prevention and Management of Postpartum Complications in Sows: The Case of Matoto, Guinea
Authors: Tea Mama Agnes , Soromou Lanan Wassy , Goumou P , Keyra Mohamed 
Published: August 2020

One of the most common diseases that affects sows after parturition is mastitis. In other cases, it is a swelling of the breasts or a case of vulvitis or vaginitis. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of postpartum complications in sows and establish treatment management and preventive measures. Bacteriology analysis showed that the prevalence of mastitis was significantly higher for mastitis. Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp have been identified as bacterial pathogens. Prevalence rates were significantly higher in primiparous sows (3.78% of mastitis; 1.4% to 0.7% of vaginitis and vulvitis) than in multiparous animals (0.72% of mastitis; 0.3% of vaginitis and 0 , 06% of vulvitis). In the Matoto municipality, mastitis in sows manifests as edema of the breast and is known as one of the main pathologies affecting the females after giving birth. These data demonstrate the appearance of postpartum complications which should attract the attention of researchers and pig breeders for better exploitation of pig farming.
Keywords: complications, postpartum, sows, Guinea Conakry.
Protective effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum crude extract over damage induced by Sreptozotocin diabetes rats
Authors: Bencheikh Dalila , Khennouf Seddik , Dahamna Saliha 
Published: August 2020

The seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) are used for treatment of diabetes mellitus in traditional medicine. This paper examines the protection effects of fenugreek from the damage induced by streptozotocin diabetes rats. Tannins content of T. foenum-graecum was also estimated in vitro. Normoglycemic male Wistar rats, weighing 170-250 g, were selected and randomly divided into five groups (n= 6): normal control, diabetic + TFGE (200mg/kg), diabetic+ TFGE (600mg/kg), diabetic + Glibil (3mg/kg), untreated group. Diabetes was induced after a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) and Fenugreek was given every day via orogastric tube for 18 days. At the end of experiment, rats were sacarificed. Organ weight was estimated of all groups. Trigonella foenum-graecum administration significantly improved the polydipsia, polyphagia, and it also compensated weight loss of diabetic rats (P<0.05, P < 0.01). Moreover, fenugreek had a significant concentration of tannins (806.22 ±0.036 µg TAE/gE). The results revealed that fenugreek improves the damage in diabetic rats that in some ways validates the traditional use of this plant in treatment of diabetes.
Keywords: Antidiabetic activity, Protective effect, Streptozotocin, Tannins, Trigonella foenum-graecum
Effectiveness of Brisk Walking Exercise on Glycaemic Control and Cardio-Vascular Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: LAKHDAR Dalila , DIAF Mustapha , KHALED Méghit Boumediene 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Our aim is to evaluate the effect of brisk walking exercise on anthropometric characteristics, blood parameters, physical performance and cardiovascular risk in Algerian type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: A comparative interventional study was performed in Mascara (north-western Algeria) on patients with type 2 diabetes. All participants were subjected to a physical activity program that consisted of brisk walking sessions during seven months. Anthropometric characteristics, biochemical parameters, physical performance and cardiovascular risk indices were evaluated and compared between the two genders.
Results: Fifty-three (22 men and 31 women) type 2 diabetic patients with were involved in the study. The mean age of all participants was 50.86±11.07 years. No difference between the two genders was observed with respect to age, anthropometrics, systolic blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and all biochemical parameters and lipid ratios. A gradual decrease in most anthropometric, clinical, biochemical parameters, and blood pressure levels have been disclosed after seven-month (28 weeks) of follow-up of the brisk walking programme. Higher significant decreases (p<0.001) in fasting, post-effort and postprandial blood glycaemia were observed in both genders during all stages of our study. No significant differences were showed on lipid ratios; moreover, the majority of lipid ratios values were within the normal thresholds. The entirely recorded values of VO2max, body mass index (BMI) and heart rate were slightly higher in females comparing to males with both levels of glycated haemoglobin.
Conclusion: The practice of three brisk walking sessions per week at a rate of 30 minutes each has beneficial impact on anthropometric parameters, biochemical parameters, physical performance, glycaemic control and on the reduction of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients of both genders.
Keywords: Brisk walking, Type 2 diabetes, Glycaemic control, Blood parameters, Cardiovascular risk