bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resisting ableism in deliberately developmental organizations: A discursive analysis of the identity work of employees with disabilities
Authors: Kwon Chang‐kyu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPeople with disabilities, an understudied population in human resource development, are often constructed as deficient and unproductive in the workplace. Such a phenomenon can largely be attributed to ableism, which is intensified by the widespread organizational emphasis on productivity. With the recognition of people with disabilities as political agents, this study examined the discursive practices of employees with disabilities in Deliberately Developmental Organizations (DDOs). DDOs as a research site were purposefully selected given their commitment to employees' continuous learning, growth, and development distinct from productivity as the main organizing principle. The critical discourse analysis of seven employees with disabilities in DDOs revealed two ways in which the participants countered the negative stereotypes associated with them: (a) the participants resisted ableism by openly communicating the scope of their ability, and (b) the participants resisted ableism by stepping outside the category of people with disabilities. These two radical ways in which the participants challenged ableism by drawing upon the empowering discursive resources in DDOs did not have ableism's reproducing effects and therefore illuminates the potential of continuing to research DDOs as a promising alternative organizational space for inclusion. This study expands our knowledge of disability identity in the workplace by highlighting that a DDO culture provides a unique context under which the distinct identity work of employees with disabilities can be observed and theorized.
Status of institutional‐level respectful maternity care: Results from the national Ethiopia EmONC assessment
Authors: Sheferaw Ephrem D. , Bakker Rena , Taddele Tefera , Geta Abiyu , Kim Young‐Mi , van den Akker Thomas , Stekelenburg Jelle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the availability of an institutional‐level respectful maternity care (RMC) index, its components, and associated factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study design was applied to a 2016 census of 3804 health facilities in Ethiopia. The availability of an institutional‐level RMC index was computed as the availability of all nine items identified as important aspects of institutional‐level RMC during childbirth. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with availability of the index.ResultsThree components of the institutional‐level RMC index were identified: “RMC policy,” “RMC experience,” and “facility for provision of RMC.” Overall, 28% of facilities (hospitals, 29.9%; health centers, 27.8%) reported availability of the institutional‐level RMC index. Facility location urbanization (urban region), percentage of maternal and newborn health workers trained in basic emergency obstetric and newborn care, and availability of maternity waiting homes in health facilities were positively associated with availability of the institutional‐level RMC index.ConclusionOnly one in three facilities reported availability of the institutional‐level RMC index. The Ethiopian government should consider strengthening support mechanisms in different administrative regions (urban, pastoralist, and agrarian), implementing the provision training for health workers that incorporates RMC components, and increasing the availability of maternity waiting homes.
Clinical Phenotype and Relevance of LRP5 and LRP6 Variants in Patients With Early-Onset Osteoporosis (EOOP)
Authors: Stürznickel Julian , Rolvien Tim , Delsmann Alena , Butscheidt Sebastian , Barvencik Florian , Mundlos Stefan , Schinke Thorsten , Kornak Uwe , Amling Michael , Oheim Ralf 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Reduced bone mineral density (BMD; ie, Z-score ≤−2.0) occurring at a young age (ie, premenopausal women and men &lt;50 years) in the absence of secondary osteoporosis is considered early-onset osteoporosis (EOOP). Mutations affecting the WNT signaling pathway are of special interest because of their key role in bone mass regulation. Here, we analyzed the effects of relevant LRP5 and LRP6 variants on the clinical phenotype, bone turnover, BMD, and bone microarchitecture. After exclusion of secondary osteoporosis, EOOP patients (n = 372) were genotyped by gene panel sequencing, and segregation analysis of variants in LRP5/LRP6 was performed. The clinical assessment included the evaluation of bone turnover parameters, BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and microarchitecture via high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). In 50 individuals (31 EOOP index patients, 19 family members), relevant variants affecting LRP5 or LRP6 were detected (42 LRP5 and 8 LRP6 variants), including 10 novel variants. Seventeen variants were classified as disease causing, 14 were variants of unknown significance, and 19 were BMD-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). One patient harbored compound heterozygous LRP5 mutations causing osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome. Fractures were reported in 37 of 50 individuals, consisting of vertebral (18 of 50) and peripheral (29 of 50) fractures. Low bone formation was revealed in all individuals. A Z-score ≤−2.0 was detected in 31 of 50 individuals, and values at the spine were significantly lower than those at the hip (−2.1 ± 1.3 versus −1.6 ± 0.8; p = .003). HR-pQCT analysis (n = 34) showed impaired microarchitecture in trabecular and cortical compartments. Significant differences regarding the clinical phenotype were detectable between index patients and family members but not between different variant classes. Relevant variants in LRP5 and LRP6 contribute to EOOP in a substantial number of individuals, leading to a high number of fractures, low bone formation, reduced Z-scores, and impaired microarchitecture. This detailed skeletal characterization improves the interpretation of known and novel LRP5 and LRP6 variants. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Significance of the ability to differentiate emotional prosodies for the early diagnosis and prognostic prediction of mild hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy in neonates
Authors: Liu Lili , Geng Yuehang , Cui Yun , Zhou Yanxia , Sun Guoyu , Peng Cheng , Zhang Rui , Ma Yuanpei , Liu Yanan , Sun Chufan , Hou Xinlin , Chen Junya 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPerinatal brain injury affects around 300,000 neonates in China each year, early diagnosis and active intervention are also crucial for timely treatment and better prognoses. As hearing is the earliest as well as the most sensitive sense to develop in neonates, we propose that the ability to differentiate among different emotional prosodies may differ between neonates with and without brain injuries.MethodsWe enrolled full‐term neonates admitted to the neonatology department of Peking University First Hospital from January 2016 to December 2016, conducted functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) monitoring within 24 hr of admission, and analyzed changes in oxyhemoglobin (ΔHbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (ΔHb) to study the ability of neonates to differentiate among emotional prosodies. The neonates were followed up to 36 months for neurological outcome evaluation.Results and conclusionsWe found that neonates showed the early ability to differentiate among emotional prosodies, responding most sensitively to positive emotions, and this ability may have been impaired following brain injury.
Large homogeneous subgraphs in bipartite graphs with forbidden induced subgraphs
Authors: Axenovich Maria , Tompkins Casey , Weber Lea 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFor a bipartite graph , let be the largest such that either contains , a complete bipartite subgraph with parts of size , or the bipartite complement of contains as a subgraph. For a class of graphs , let . We say that a bipartite graph is strongly acyclic if neither nor its bipartite complement contains a cycle. By we denote the set of bipartite graphs with parts of size , which do not contain as an induced bipartite subgraph respecting the sides. One can easily show that for a positive if is not strongly acyclic. Here we ask whether is linear in for any strongly acyclic graph . We answer this question in the positive for all but four strongly acyclic graphs. We do not address this question for the remaining four graphs in this paper.
Inferior epigastric artery lymph nodes: A pathway for systemic dissemination from peritoneal carcinomatosis?
Authors: El Asmar Antoine , Veys Isabelle , Larsimont Denis , Donckier Vincent , Liberale Gabriel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe report, for the first time in the literature, a metastatic lymphatic pathway along the inferior epigastric vessels, through the inferior epigastric lymph nodes (IELNs), in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). Interestingly, these lymph nodes (LNs) in the anterior retroperitoneum were not detectable on preoperative imaging. They may, however, represent a pertinent systemic dissemination pathway for PC.Patients and MethodsIn patients undergoing indocyanine green‐fluorescence imaging during cytoreductive surgery for PC, an incidental finding of a hyperfluorescent LN, harboring metastatic tumorous cells, around the inferior epigastric artery was made.ResultsIn three out of five patients with clear fluorescent hotspot, the harvested LN was harboring metastatic cancerous cells. None of these nodes, whether negative or positive, was visible on any preoperative imaging modalities. A protocol to sample, in a systematic manner, the IELN in patients with PC, is currently being devised at our institution.ConclusionThese lymphatic nodes basin and channels might reveal to be a potential passage from peritoneal metastasis to the extraperitoneal lymphatic compartment, representing an independent pathway for cancerous cell dissemination. This will bring us to further investigate the prevalence and the prognostic significance of these LNs.
Measuring U.S. influence in the world
Authors: Guiora Amos N. , Minutolo Marcel C. , Vargas Luis G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe present a methodology to measure how in the process of implementing foreign policy, the United States prioritizes its resources. A measure of the return on the resource allocation is given by the estimated value in achieving the goals of foreign policy per unit of effort invested. The “investment” is represented by the priorities of the regions to influence since the priority serves as a proxy for resource allocation; the return is measured by the degree to which one perceives that the investment has achieved its intended goal. Prioritization is important in determining resource allocation which depends on how the nation‐state perceives the overall effectiveness of its policies relative to the criteria applied in evaluating its performance. We demonstrate through the use of the Analytic Hierarchy/Network Process how to generate priorities and determine the relative influence and effectiveness of resource deployment.
Lingual Linear Lesions: A Clinical Sign Strongly Suggestive of Severe Vitamin B12 Deficiency
Authors: Bao Zhe‐Xuan , Yang Xiao‐Wen , Fang Dong‐Dong 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundLingual linear lesions (LLLs) are the oral linear lesions located on the dorsum, lateral borders, and/or ventral surface of tongue. It has been suggested that LLLs might be an early clinical sign of vitamin B12 deficiency. Here, a retrospective study was conducted to further investigate and validate the association between LLL and vitamin B12 deficiency.MethodsBased on the clinical examination, patients with LLLs were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. Data regarding clinical and laboratory features were obtained. Follow‐up was done at least 6 months following appropriate supplementation therapy.ResultsA total of 57 patients, consisting of 20 males and 37 females with a mean age of 59.12 years (range, 18–80), were enrolled in this study. The hematological examination revealed that 56 (98.25%) of the 57 patients had severe serum vitamin B12 deficiency, and the other 1 patient had a borderline low level of vitamin B12. All the enrolled patients responded well to cobalamin replacement therapy.ConclusionLLLs might be a clinical sign strongly suggestive of severe vitamin B12 deficiency.
An efficient tool for solving two‐dimensional fuzzy fractional‐ordered heat equation
Authors: Arfan Muhammad , Shah Kamal , Abdeljawad Thabet , Hammouch Zakia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this work we develop an algorithm to compute analytical solution for a two‐dimensional fuzzy heat equation involving external source term with fractional order. The algorithm is based on the Homotopy perturbation method: The required result is computed in series form which is rapidly convergent to the exact solution. Examples are given to verify the result, which are compared with the exact solution to illustrate the efficiency and the capability of the proposed method.
A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland
Authors: Siek Thomas , Rando Carolyn , Cieślik Agata , Spinek Anna , Waldron Tony 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe osteoma, among other forms of benign neoplastic disease, has received little palaeopathological or palaeoepidemiological interest largely because of its asymptomatic nature. This is problematic because these tumours are regarded as common occurrences in bioarchaeological contexts, despite there being scant data to support these claims. This investigation presents a palaeoepidemiological enquiry into osteomata. Five hundred ninety individuals from six skeletal assemblages from Poland, dating from the 9th to 17th century, were macroscopically surveyed for osteomata. This was followed by a palaeoepidemiological analysis, looking at sex‐ and age‐specific prevalence. Ninety‐three osteomata were observed in 67 individuals. The sex‐specific prevalence was 13.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7–18.1) for males and 11.6% (95% CI 7.9–16.2) for females. The age‐specific prevalence for middle adults was 2.1% (95% CI: 0.6–5.2) and 5.3% (95% CI: 2.5–9.8) for mature adults. The results indicated the prevalence of benign tumours was similar between males and females and seemed to increase with age. This case study adds to a sparse area of palaeo‐oncological research and calls for further future investigation.
Assessment of respiratory muscles and motor function in children with SMA treated by nusinersen
Authors: Gómez‐García de la Banda Marta , Amaddeo Alessandro , Khirani Sonia , Pruvost Sandrine , Barnerias Christine , Dabaj Ivana , Bénézit Audrey , Durigneux Julien , Carlier Robert Y. , Desguerre Isabelle , Quijano‐Roy Susana , Fauroux Brigitte 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionNusinersen is associated with an improvement in motor function in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) but data on respiratory muscles strength are scarce. Respiratory muscles performance and lung function were evaluated in children with SMA 1c and 2 after six injections of nusinersen (M14). Results from patients with SMA2 were compared with data of age‐matched historical controls. Motor function tests (MFM and HINE‐2) were assessed at baseline and M14 in the treated patients.ResultsSixteen children (2 SMA Type 1c and 14 SMA Type 2), mean age 9.4 ± 2.3 years, were included. The data of 14 historical SMA 2 controls (mean age 9.3 ± 1.9 years) were gathered. The strength of the global inspiratory muscles of SMA 2 treated with nusinersen, assessed on maximal static inspiratory pressure, forced vital capacity, and esophageal pressure during a maximal sniff was significantly better compared with historical controls (p < .05). A significant improvement in MFM and HINE‐2 was observed in the patients with 16 SMA treated with nusinersen after 14 months as compared with baseline.ConclusionIn children with SMA Type 2, respiratory muscle performance was significantly better after six injections of nusinersen as compared with age‐matched SMA Type 2 historical controls.
Novel method of radiotherapy planning to improve the dose homogeneity at the junction region for breast cancer
Authors: Bi Suyan , Wang Qian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis article introduces a new method to design the radiation therapy planning after radical surgery for breast cancer in order to provide a better homogeneity of the dose distribution in the junction region between the supra clavicular fossa and chest wall.MethodsA total of 15 women who received supra clavicular and chest wall irradiation therapy for breast cancer after radical surgery at Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China, between 1 October 2018 and 30 November 2019 were included. The prescription dose was 50 Gy/25 fractions. We designed a new plan on the basis of the original plan for each patient on an Varian Eclipse 13.6 planning system, which added two subfields to each tangential opposing field to change the dose distribution at the junction region. Statistical analysis of the target dose distribution – homogeneity index, conformal index, and irradiation doses to the ipsilateral lung, contralateral lung, heart, left‐side breast, and spinal cord – was carried out for the two groups and the differences were compared.ResultsWhen comparing the two plans, the planning target volume minimum dose (P = 0.04) and planning target volume of the junction region, which was defined as the target in the junction region minimum dose (P = 0.04), homogeneity index (P = 0.02), and conformal index (P = 0.01) for the new method plan were better than those for the original plan. However, there was no statistically significant difference in all dosimetric parameters of the organs at risk (P > 0.05) between the new and traditional method plans .ConclusionBoth plans by new and traditional methods for breast cancer after radical surgery can meet the clinical requirements. The prescription dose coverage, conformal index, and homogeneity index for the target in the new method plan were better than those in the traditional method plan. The new method plan provided a better homogeneity of the dose distribution in the junction region, but had no obvious effect on the dose distribution of the organs at risk. As a result, this new planning method can be used in clinical settings.
An algorithm of discrete‐time Bayesian network for reliability analysis of multilevel system with warm spare gate
Authors: Li Xiang , Li Yan‐Feng , Li He , Huang Hong‐Zhong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDiscrete‐time Bayesian network (DTBN) is a popular tool for the reliability analysis of dynamic systems, which, however, is insufficient in analyzing the reliability of multilevel system (MLS) with warm spare (WSP) gates. Additionally, conventional DTBNs are not able to consider the situation that dormant components and primary components may fail during the same time interval. To this end, this paper analyzes the dynamic reliability characteristics of dormant systems with WSP gates by utilizing DTBNs. Moreover, an algorithm of modeling the conditional probability table (CPT) for WSP gates together with a new schedule of constructing dynamic Bayesian networks is put forward. The validation of the proposed techniques is implemented by Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) and reliability analysis of an actual communication station system.
Development and validation of non‐guided bladder‐neck and neurovascular‐bundle dissection modules of the RobotiX‐Mentor® full‐procedure robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy virtual reality simulation
Authors: Ebbing Jan , Wiklund Peter N. , Akre Olof , Carlsson Stefan , Olsson Mats J. , Höijer Jonas , Heimer Maurice , Collins Justin W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundFull‐procedure virtual reality (VR) simulator training in robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a new tool in surgical education.MethodsDescription of the development of a VR RARP simulation model, (RobotiX‐Mentor®) including non‐guided bladder neck (ngBND) and neurovascular bundle dissection (ngNVBD) modules, and assessment of face, content, and construct validation of the ngBND and ngNVBD modules by robotic surgeons with different experience levels.ResultsSimulator and ngBND/ngNVBD modules were rated highly by all surgeons for realism and usability as training tool. In the ngBND‐task construct, validation was not achieved in task‐specific performance metrics. In the ngNVBD, task‐specific performance of the expert/intermediately experienced surgeons was significantly better than that of novices.ConclusionsWe proved face and content validity of simulator and both modules, and construct validity for generic metrics of the ngBND module and for generic and task‐specific metrics of the ngNVBD module.
Do policy makers take grants for granted? The efficacy of public sponsorship for innovative entrepreneurship
Authors: Stevenson Regan , Kier Alexander S. , Taylor Shannon G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryWe investigate the short‐ and long‐term effects of public sponsorship in the form of grants on venture growth and subsequent investment funding. We adopt a temporal approach and assess our results using discontinuous growth modeling. This approach allows us to unpack the complexity of sponsorship interventions and provide insights into how quickly, how long, and under what conditions grants augment growth. Using a proprietary sample of 129 ventures located in eight incubators, we find that securing an initial grant increases the rate at which ventures acquire private investment capital but not revenue over time. We draw on resourcefulness theory and signaling theory and explore the moderating role of venture size. We discuss our contributions to the entrepreneurship and public policy literatures.Managerial SummaryAre public grants effective at sparking entrepreneurial growth? To deepen our understanding of public policies that are designed to promote innovative entrepreneurship, we investigate the short‐ and long‐term effects of new venture grant sponsorship. We study 129 ventures located in eight business incubators over a 4‐year period. Our results indicate that although there are initial advantages to receiving a grant, there are also potential shortcomings as grant receipt does not directly influence long‐term revenue growth. We theorize that having abundant access to grant capital reduces the ventures need to “stretch” resources and grow revenue over time. Yet, initial grants seem to signal to investors that the venture represent a “good bet” as investment trajectories follow the opposite growth pattern, increasing steadily over time.
Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Algae: 22
Authors: Andersen Robert A. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe name Amphidoma (Dinophyceae) is not recommended for conservation as being of feminine gender and with a conserved type because the feminine gender is already established, and because there is no known evidence to show that the existing type (A. acuminata) is not congenric with A. nucula, the type proposed for conservation. The name Heterocapsa (Dinophyceae) is recommended for conservation with a conserved type. Two requests for binding decisions were considered, Cosmarium geminatum and C. gemmatum (Streptophyta), and Trigonium (Bacillariophyta) and Trigonum (Streptophyta). The NCA did not consider the names concerned sufficiently similar to be confused and recommended that they not be treated as homonyms.