bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating scientific literacy skills into a biochemistry course for nonscience majors
Authors: Taylor Ann T.S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOne of the goals for requiring all college students to take science courses is to develop critical thinking about scientific issues they will encounter as citizens, consumers, and patients. This article integrates skill development activities targeting civic scientific literacy skills in a nonscience majors (liberal arts) biochemistry course, but similar principles could be integrated into nursing and major levels biochemistry courses. Strategies include teaching information acquisition, source analysis argument analysis, and civic engagement. These can be integrated into classroom activities, homework assignments, and outside of class projects. The impact of these activities was assessed through performance on the activities, open ended exam questions, and an end of course survey. Students gained both biochemical content and skills in evaluating claims with evidence, and reported the course helped them better understand what scientists do and how to make decisions based upon scientific evidence without detracting from the typical content learning goals of the course.
A biochemometrics strategy for tracing diuretic components of crude and processed Alisma orientale based on quantitative determination and pharmacological evaluation
Authors: Tao Yi , Jiang Enci , Yan Jizhong , Cai Baochang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe proposed a biochemometrics strategy for tracing diuretic components of herbs based on quantitative determination and pharmacological evaluation. First, a sensitive and robust liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry approach was established for simultaneous quantification of six major triterpenoids in crude and salt‐processed Alisma orientale. The separation of triterpenoids was achieved on a BEH C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water spiked with 0.1% formic acid. Six major triterpenoids were detected by multiple reaction monitoring in the negative ion mode. Glycyrrhetinic acid was used as the internal standard. The approach showed good linearity. Intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were all within 2.9%. The recovery rates of each triterpenoid ranged from 97.9% to 103.2%. The approach was then successfully employed for quantitative analysis of six triterpenoids in ten batches of crude and salt‐processed A. orientale. Second, the diuretic effects of crude and salt‐processed A. orientale were evaluated in mice. Third, principal component analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used to uncover the relationship between the contents of six major triterpenoids and the diuretic effect of different crude and salt‐processed samples. Alisol B, alisol F, and alisol A have a close positive correlation with the diuretic effect.
Characterization of the metabolites of H3B‐6545 in vitro and in vivo by using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization linear ion trap‐orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Dong , Hao Xiuxian , Xu Lili , Yang Ying , Zhao Hong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractH3B‐6545 is a selective ERα covalent antagonist, which has been demonstrated to be effective in anti‐tumor. To fully understand its mechanism of action, it is necessary to investigate the in vitro and in vivo metabolic profiles. For in vitro metabolism, H3B‐6545 (50 μM) was incubated with the hepatocytes of rat and human for 2 h. For in vivo metabolism H3B‐6545 was orally administered to rats at a single dose of 10 mg/kg, and plasma, urine and fecal samples were then collected. All samples were analyzed by using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography combined with linear ion trap‐orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐LTQ‐Orbitrap‐MS) operated in positive ion mode. The structures of the metabolites were elucidated by comparing their MS and MS2 spectra with those of parent drug. A total of 11 metabolites, including a GSH adduct, were detected and structurally identified. M2, M7 and M8 were further unambiguously identified by using reference standards. Among these metabolites, M1, M5, M7 and M10 were newly found and reported for the first time. The metabolic pathways of H3B‐6545 included deamination (M8 and M9), dealkylation (M2, M3 and M10), N‐hydroxylation (M6), hydroxylation (M1 and M4), formation of amide derivatives (M5 and M7) and GSH conjugation (G1).
Dynamic business modeling for sustainability: Exploring a system dynamics perspective to develop sustainable business models
Authors: Cosenz Federico , Rodrigues Vinicius Picanço , Rosati Francesco 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the last decade, business models for sustainability have gained increasing attraction by corporate sustainability scholars with international conferences and scientific journals encouraging the development of the debate on their design, use and innovation processes. Capitalizing on the basic principles, requirements, and methodological limitations found in the literature on sustainability‐oriented business model design, this paper aims to conceptualize a dynamic business modeling for sustainability approach, which combines an adapted sustainable business model canvas and system dynamics modeling. To this end, the paper also illustrates the key operating principles of the proposed approach through an exemplary application to Patagonia's business model. Findings suggest that dynamic business modeling for sustainability may contribute to sustainable business model research and practice by introducing a systemic design tool, which frames environmental, social, and economic drivers of value generation into a dynamic business model causal feedback structure, thus overcoming methodological gaps of the extant business model design tools.
The Pivotal Role of Boron in Improving the Azo Dye Degradation of Glassy Fe‐based Catalysts
Authors: Xie Shenghui , Xie Yuelin , Kruzic Jamie J. , Gu Kunming , Yang Haipeng , Deng Yuanming , Zeng Xierong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFe‐based metallic glasses have been confirmed to degrade azo dyes effectively, however, a detailed understanding, of the role of alloying elements and crystallization is still elusive. Herein, it is reported that boron‐facilitated hybrid structures greatly improve the degradation of methyl orange (MO) and the degrading rate can be further improved by 2.5 times after fully crystallization. Three distinct types of galvanic cells created by different iron‐containing phases are believed to dominate the degradation reactions. Most notably, some FeB‐based compounds precipitated from FeB‐based metallic glasses, such as Fe2B, FeB and Fe5SiB2, are found to have more negative electrode potential and higher catalytic efficiency than iron. These compounds create galvanic cells with α‐Fe and lose electrons, therefore promoting the degradation reaction. The favorable effects of the FeB‐based compounds are discussed at the light of their electron densities and energy band structures. These findings open a new research strategy to developing iron‐bearing catalysts for improved degradation of azo dyes.
Ten Years of Aberration Corrected Electron Microscopy for Ordered Nanoporous Materials
Authors: Li Chengmin , Zhang Qing , Mayoral Alvaro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOrdered nanoporous materials including zeolites, zeotypes, and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely used in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, ion exchange and gas storage/separation. In addition, due to their particular structural features new applications are continuously being explored as a consequence of their well‐defined porous network, thermal stability, acidity and guest‐species confinement. All physicochemical properties are directly structure related and therefore characterization at atomic level is highly desired. In the current work, we have aimed to review the recent progress of electron microscopy science applied to the characterization of different nanoporous materials since the first work that made use of spherical aberration (Cs) corrected electron microscopy in 2010. All difficulties encountered for the application of this technique will be presented, together with the excellent degree of information that can be extracted and the scientific responses that only Cs‐corrected electron microscopy can provide in the area of nanoporous materials, zeolites, zeotypes and MOFs.
Activated Carbon‐Anchored 3D Carbon Network for Bromine Activity and its Enhanced Electrochemical Performance in Zn−Br2 Hybrid Redox Flow Battery
Authors: pandiyan Naresh Raghu , Mariyappan Karuppusamy , Selvakumar Archana Kaliyaraj , Suresh Subramanian , Ditty Dixon , Ulaganathan Mani , Ragupathy Pitchai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere has been a huge demand on the usage of biomass‐derived activated carbon as an electrode and electrocatalyst for energy storage and conversion applications owing to its abundance, high surface area, good chemical stability, low cost, and eco‐friendliness. Herein, we report for the first time, activated carbon (AC) derived from Phyllanthus Emblica Leaves (PEL) (Indian gooseberry) biomass as an electrocatalyst for enhancing the bromine electro‐kinetics. The AC‐anchored graphite felt (AC−GF) showed excellent improvement in the bromine reversibility, which reinforces the overall performance of the zinc bromine redox flow battery (ZBRFB). Specifically, the AC−GF showed significant improvement in voltage efficiency. The flow cell employing AC in the positive electrode showed high Coulombic, voltage, and energy efficiency of 99, 83 and 82 %, respectively at a current density of 30 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the cell showed good cycle performance with 96.43 % Coulombic efficiency retention even after 100 cycles. Thus, the significant improvement in the cell performance unveils the good electrochemical/catalytic activity of the AC and therefore can be used as a potential low‐cost electrocatalyst in ZBRFB.
Metal‐Free Photoinduced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Highly Sensitive Detection of Lung Cancer DNA
Authors: Liu Qianrui , Jian Lihe , Liu Ruiqian , Yang Huaixia , Kong Jinming , Zhang Xueji 
Published: November 2019

AbstractConvenient and sensitive detection of biomolecules is of great significance to disease diagnosis. In this work, a metal‐free photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) by a reductive quenching pathway as a novel strategy is applied to achieve lung cancer DNA detection. Thiolated PNA is exploited to specifically recognize target DNA, and the initiator of photoATRP is linked to the electrode surface via phosphate‐Zr4+‐carboxylate. Under the excitation of blue light, the reductive quenching pathway is activated with eosin Y (EY) as photoredox catalyst and N,N,N′,N′′,N′‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as electron donor, and numerous polymeric chains are formed. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of this strategy is from 0.1 pm to 10 nm (R2=0.989) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.4 fm (14 zmol in 10 μL). The variety of possible light sources for photoATRP and simple operation endow this biosensor with great potential for practical applications.
Tuning of Oxidation Potential of Ferrocene for Ratiometric Redox Labeling and Coding of Nucleotides and DNA
Authors: Simonova Anna , Magriñá Ivan , Sýkorová Veronika , Pohl Radek , Ortiz Mayreli , Havran Luděk , Fojta Miroslav , O'Sullivan Ciara K. , Hocek Michal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThree sets of 7‐deazaadenine and cytosine nucleosides and nucleoside triphosphates bearing either unsubstituted ferrocene, octamethylferrocene and ferrocenecarboxamide linked through an alkyne tether to position 7 or 5, respectively, were designed and synthesized. The modified dNFcXTPs were good substrates for KOD XL DNA polymerase in primer extension and were used for enzymatic synthesis of redox‐labelled DNA probes. Square‐wave voltammetry showed that the octamethylferrocene oxidation potential was shifted to lower values, whilst the ferrocenecarboxamide was shifted to higher potentials, as compared to ferrocene. Tailed PEX products containing different ratios of Fc‐labelled A (dAFc) and FcPa‐labelled C (dCFcPa) were synthesized and hybridized with capture oligonucleotides immobilized on gold electrodes to study the electrochemistry of the redox‐labelled DNA. Clearly distinguishable, fully orthogonal and ratiometric peaks were observed for the dAFc and dCFcPa bases in DNA, demonstrating their potential for use in redox coding of nucleobases and for the direct electrochemical measurement of the relative ratio of nucleobases in an unknown sequence of DNA.
Role of actin in organelle trafficking in neurons
Authors: Venkatesh Keertana , Mathew Amal , Koushika Sandhya P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractActin is a major cytoskeletal element involved in multiple cellular processes. Actin‐rich regions present along the neuronal process aid in neuronal function, mediating multiple events involved in organelle trafficking. Actin is involved in organelle biogenesis, transport, and anchoring at specific locations. These functions can potentially be regulated by actin in a myosin‐dependent or myosin‐independent manner. The actin network could aid in membrane remodeling through membrane constriction, motor dependent transport, polymerization‐based transport, cargo anchoring, and halting of cargo by acting as a physical barrier. Additionally, actin dynamics is perturbed in some neurodegenerative diseases where it could impact organelle biogenesis, transport, or anchoring thereby contributing to progression of disease phenotypes. The role of actin and myosin in organelle trafficking is the primary focus of this review.
Surveillance imaging for patients with head and neck cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy: A partially observed Markov decision process model
Authors: Ng Sweet Ping , Ajayi Temitayo , Schaefer Andrew J. , Pollard Courtney , Bahig Houda , Garden Adam S. , Rosenthal David I. , Gunn G. Brandon , Frank Steven J. , Phan Jack , Morrison William H. , Johnson Jason M. , Mohamed Abdallah S. R. , Sturgis Erich M. , Fuller Clifton D. 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundA possible surveillance model for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) who received definitive radiotherapy was created using a partially observed Markov decision process. The goal of this model is to guide surveillance imaging policies after definitive radiotherapy.MethodsThe partially observed Markov decision process model was formulated to determine the optimal times to scan patients. Transition probabilities were computed using a data set of 1508 patients with HNC who received definitive radiotherapy between the years 2000 and 2010. Kernel density estimation was used to smooth the sample distributions. The reward function was derived using cost estimates from the literature. Additional model parameters were estimated using either data from the literature or clinical expertise.ResultsWhen considering all forms of relapse, the model showed that the optimal time between scans was longer than the time intervals used in the institutional guidelines. The optimal policy dictates that there should be less time between surveillance scans immediately after treatment compared with years after treatment. Comparable results also held when only locoregional relapses were considered as relapse events in the model. Simulation results for the inclusive relapse cases showed that <15% of patients experienced a relapse over a simulated 36‐month surveillance program.ConclusionsThis model suggests that less frequent surveillance scan policies can maintain adequate information on relapse status for patients with HNC treated with radiotherapy. This model could potentially translate into a more cost‐effective surveillance program for this group of patients.
CoFEE: Context‐aware futuristic energy estimation model for sensor nodes using Markov model and autoregression
Authors: Theerthagiri Prasannavenkatesan 
Published: November 2019

SummaryNowadays, the emerging internet of things (IoT) technology offers the connectivity and communication between all things (various objects/things, devices, actuators, sensors, and mobile devices) at anywhere and anytime. These devices have embedded environment monitoring capabilities (sensors) and significant computational responsibilities. Most of the devices are working by utilizing their limited resources such as energy, memory, and bandwidth. Obviously, battery power is a crucial factor in any network. It makes tedious overheads to the network operations. Prediction of the future energy of the devices could be more helpful for managing resources, connectivity, and communication between the devices in IoT and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It also facilitates the reliable internet and network connection establishment to the nodes. Hence, this paper presents an energy estimation model to predict the future energy of devices using the Markov and autoregression model. The proposed model facilitates smarter energy management among internet‐connected devices. Performance results show that the proposed method gives significant improvement compared with the neural network and other existing predictions. Further, the proposed model has very lower error performance metrics such as mean square error and computation overhead. The proposed model yields more perfect energy predictions for a node with 64% to 97% and 16% to 43% of higher prediction accuracy throughout the time series.
Epigenetic aging in children from a small‐scale farming society in The Congo Basin: Associations with child growth and family conflict
Authors: Gettler Lee T. , Lin David T. S. , Miegakanda Valchy , Lew‐Levy Sheina , Eick Geeta N. , Snodgrass J. Josh , MacIsaac Julia L. , Ramadori Katia E. , Kobor Michael S. , Boyette Adam H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDevelopmental environments influence individuals' long‐term health trajectories, and there is increasing emphasis on understanding the biological pathways through which this occurs. Epigenetic aging evaluates DNA methylation at a suite of distinct CpG sites in the genome, and epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) is linked to heightened chronic morbidity and mortality risks in adults. Consequently, EAA provides insights on trajectories of biological aging, which early life experiences may help shape. However, few studies have measured correlates of children's epigenetic aging, especially outside of the U.S. and Europe. In particular, little is known about how children's growth and development relate to EAA in ecologies in which energetic and pathogenic stressors are commonplace. We studied EAA from dried blood spots among Bondongo children (n = 54) residing in a small‐scale, fisher‐farmer society in a remote region of the Republic of the Congo. Here, infectious disease burdens and their resultant energy demands are high. Children who were heavier for height or taller for age, respectively, exhibited greater EAA, including intrinsic EAA, which is considered to measure EAA internal to cells. Furthermore, we found that children in families with more conflict between parents had greater intrinsic EAA. These results suggest that in contexts in which limited energy must be allocated to competing demands, more investment in growth may coincide with greater EAA, which parallels findings in European children who do not face similar energetic constraints. Our findings also indicate that associations between adverse family environments and greater intrinsic EAA were nonetheless observable but only after adjustment for covariates relevant to the energetically and immunologically demanding nature of the local ecology.
Testing the performance of environmental DNA metabarcoding for surveying highly diverse tropical fish communities: A case study from Lake Tanganyika
Authors: Doble Christopher J. , Hipperson Helen , Salzburger Walter , Horsburgh Gavin J. , Mwita Chacha , Murrell David J. , Day Julia J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding provides a highly sensitive method of surveying freshwater fish communities, although studies to date have largely been restricted to temperate ecosystems. Due to limited reference sequence availability and challenges identifying closely related and rare species in diverse tropical ecosystems, the effectiveness of metabarcoding methods for surveying tropical fish communities from eDNA samples remains uncertain. To address this, we applied an eDNA metabarcoding approach to survey Lake Tanganyika's (LT) species‐rich littoral fish communities.Materials and MethodsAs this system contains many closely related species, particularly cichlid fishes, we used four primer sets including a cichlid‐specific primer set (Cichlid_CR). A reference database was built for the 12s, 16s, and control region for 358 fish species including over 93% of known cichlids.Results and DiscussionIn silico and in situ results demonstrated wide variability in the taxonomic resolution of assignments by each primer with the cichlid‐specific marker (Cichlid_CR) enabling greater species‐level assignments for this highly diverse family. A greater number of non‐cichlid teleost species were detected at sites compared to the visual survey data. For cichlid species however, sequencing depth substantially influenced species richness estimates obtained from eDNA samples, with increased depths producing estimates comparable to that obtained from the visual survey data. ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of sequencing depth and local reference databases when undertaking metabarcoding studies within diverse ecosystems, as well as demonstrating the potential of eDNA metabarcoding for surveying diverse tropical fish communities, even those containing closely related species within evolutionary radiations.
Effects of cold‐end temperature and heat load on the cooling characteristics of a pulse tube refrigerator
Authors: Liu Shaoshuai , Jiang Zhenhua , Ding Lei , Zhu Haifeng , Qu Xiaoping , Wu Yinong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) was developed to operate at different cooling capacities to meet the requirements of various applications. Changes in the thermal loads or the long operating time of the PTR will influence the cold conditions (cold‐end temperature and heat load), leading to a deviation of the cooling performance from the optimal design conditions. The basic principles of the mass flow characteristics of the PTR are constructed based on enthalpy phase modulation, which is helpful for comprehending the relationships between cold‐end parameters and other parameters. A REGEN model is introduced in which different mass flows at the cold‐end are considered to simulate the effects of the cold‐end parameters on the performance of the regenerator. The influences of the cold‐end temperature and heat load on the cooling performance are investigated by using a coupling model of a DeltaEC model and a REGEN model. In addition, some experiments are performed on a PTR working at different cold‐end temperatures and heat load. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The cooling performance of the PTR is influenced by the average pressure and operating frequency of different cooling states. Relative Carnot efficiencies of 12.2% for 4 W@60 K with a specific power of 33 W/W and 16.1% for 15 W @120 K with a specific power of 9 W/W can be achieved by the PTR using different operating parameters.