bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of cardiac complication in diabetic patient of rural India
Authors: Ahmad E. , Singh A. , Chaudhary R. R. , Sarda M. S. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common endocrine disorder affecting approximately 382 million people worldwide. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is group of metabolic disorder in which glucose is underutilized, thus producing hyperglycemia resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, action, or both. Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death and disability among people with diabetes. The cardiovascular disease that accompany diabetes include angina, myocardial infarction (heart attack), Stroke, peripheral artery disease and congestive heart failure. In people with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, high blood glucose and other risk factors contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular complications.Method: This study was conducted to determine the cardiac complication in diabetic patient of rural India. It was Cross sectional retrospective study, done in between period of January 2018 to December 2019.Result: In the present study authors found that 47.7% patients have Coronary artery disease (CAD), Silent 21.6% have myocardial ischemia (SMI), 36% Diastolic dysfunction (DF), 28.8% have Systolic dysfunction (SDF).Conclusion: In this study authors found that wide spectrum of cardiac complications in diabetic patients ranging silent myocardial ischemia to heart failure. CAD was the most common complication including silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) which is the one of the major concern of rural diabetic population which need proper screening by exercise treadmill test.
Bone marrow involvement as a rare manifestation of relapsed choroidal melanoma
Authors: Bashir Nusrat , Manzoor Farzana , Musharaf Bilal , Reshi Ruby 
Published: July 2020

Choroidal Melanoma is the most common primary intra-ocular malignancy. Incidence of primary choroidal melanoma is about 6 cases per 1 million population. It disseminates hematogenously. The most common site of metastasis is liver. Metastatic melanoma involving the bone marrow is rare, occurring in 5% of patients with disseminated disease. However, Choroid melanoma with bone marrow involvement is very rare. Only a few case reports are published in literature. Authors present a case of bone marrow metastasis from choroid melanoma in 55 years old female who has been treated for primary choroidal melanoma by enucleation of left eye three years back. In the evaluation of symptomatic anemia, features suggestive of bone marrow infiltration by choroidal melanoma were observed on bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. The diagnosis was confirmed by positivity of immune-histochemistry markers HMB-45 and Melana.
Pattern of anorectal malformation in a tertiary care hospital of Bihar
Authors: Hasan Zaheer , Thakur Vinit Kumar , Yadav Ramdhani , Chaubey Digamber 
Published: July 2020

Background: Anorectal malformation (ARM) is common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction and is one of the most common neonatal surgical emergency encountered by paediatric surgeons. There is no published study about the prevalence of ARM cases within the referral zone of the hospital. This study was done to demonstrate the burden of Anorectal malformation and their surgical intervention as seen in Indira Gandhi Institute of medical science, Patna, Bihar.Methods: Data were retrospectively collected over a period of four years between January 2015 and December 2018. The data collected were demographic status of the patient, diagnosis, associated anomaly, duration of hospital stay and their surgical intervention.Results: There were 395 cases of anorectal malformation out of 93203 OPD patients (0.42%). Male to female ratio of 3.01:1. ARM also represented 25.3% of neonatal emergency surgical procedures. The majority of the patient had presented in the neonatal period (51.6%) with mean weight of 2.6 kg. The most common type of ARM found in male patient was rectourethral fistula n=215 (54.4%) in which 164 (76.2%) patients were with rectobulbar fistula and 51 (23.8%) patients had rectoprostatic fistula. Sixty nine (17.4%) female patients presented with perineal fistula.Conclusions: We found a clear male preponderance of anorectal malformation in our study. Patients affected were mostly from poor socioeconomic strata of the society. Present study confirms huge work load of anorectal malformation in this region. This will be helpful in future planning and effective management including financial constraints of the treatment for our poor patients.
Mesenteric abscess presents as left iliac fossa mass in postoperative case of inguinal hernia surgery with undescended testis
Authors: Mahajan Monalisa 
Published: July 2020

An abscess is a collection of pus (dead and dying neutrophils plus proteinaceous exudate) that has built up within the tissue of the body. Mesenteric abscess is a rare, usually accounts for small percentage of intra-abdominal abscess after inguinal hernia surgery which is presented as left iliac fossa mass in postoperative period of open inguinal hernia surgery of left side and also presented with undescended testis of left side which is actual cause of formation of inguinal hernia of same side. Late onset mesh infection and post-operative peritonitis are very common in case of open hernia surgery. Intra-abdominal abscess cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgery disturb the equilibrium between coagulation and fibrinolysis in the abdominal cavity in favour of coagulation system. Diminished fibrin degradation is a common pathway for the formation of abscess. We present a case of 40 years of male came with pain in left iliac fossa and lower abdomen for last 2 months with a swelling at LIF and hypogastric region for last 3 months with a previous history of hernia surgery of left side 2 month back which was diagnosed as mesenteric abscess and treated with exploratory laparotomy under general anaesthesia and abscess was drained.
Surgical treatment in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: an overview
Authors: Sparacino Lucrezia , Bruschini Luca , De Vito Andrea , Fiacchini Giacomo , Berrettini Stefano 
Published: July 2020

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a common pathology affecting pediatric and adult population. It is caused by an increase upper airway resistance due to augmented collapsibility that cause alteration in ventilation and oxygen saturation. Sleep oxygen desaturations have multi-organ implications. Since many years, OSAS, has been recognized as a risk factors for comorbid cardiovascular disease. Well-known is the causal link with cognitive impairment and atherosclerosis. Healthcare professionals, should be trained to recognize signs and symptoms of the disease in order to send the patients forward for specialist care in centers dealing with sleep-disordered breathing. However treatment knowledge is of pivotal importance in the cultural baggage of all the physicians. Surgical and non-surgical therapies have undergone a great number of changes. Going along with the innovations in diagnostic evaluation and phenotyping of the patients, surgeries were heightened by new developments such as advances in tailoring procedures and technologies. The aim of this overview is to describe the evolution and main characteristics of encoded procedures classified into site of surgical correction.
Socioeconomic characteristics of autistic children: a comparative study
Authors: Hamid Zoshita , Sultana Sarmin , Nizam Saika , Yasmin Rabeya , Faruquee M. H. , Ahmad S. K. Akhtar 
Published: July 2020

Background: Prevalence of autism is increasing and growing as an important public health problem. Prevention of autism is still a complicated issue. Thus, the management and rehabilitation of autistic children socially could be the main option. For which the role of socio-economic factors of the autistic children needs to be considered.Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted among the autistic and non-autistic children to compare their socioeconomic characteristics. A total of 90 autistic children from two specialized schools and age-matched 180 non-autistic children from nearby schools were included in this study.Results: Overall the mean age of the children was 8.01±2.974 years. More than fourth-fifths (84.4%) of the autistic children were male. In comparison to non-autistic children, significantly (p<0.05) autistic children had small family size (4.79) and higher family income (Taka=34588). Higher education of both father and mother was also found to be significantly associated with autistic children. However, logistic regression analysis revealed that post-graduate education of the father had the strongest (6.4 times) ability to predict the occurrence of autism. The mean age of the mother at birth of autistic children was significantly higher (31.16 years) and logistic regression analysis revealed that higher age of the mother at birth had 1.3 times ability to predict the occurrence of autism. Moreover, the analysis revealed that mothers who were housewife 2.3 times more likely to predict the occurrence of autism.Conclusions: The study revealed that some socio-economic factors were significantly related to autistic children compared to those of non-autistic children.
Determining the biomechanical changes in lumbar spine among patients with injuries around the knee joint: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Raghav Sumit , Singh Anshika 
Published: July 2020

The knee is one of the body's more complicated joints and is susceptible to various injuries. A closed kinetic relationship exists between the lumbar spine and knee joint and any dysfunction in knee or lumbar region may result in compensation, joint dysfunction and pain in either one or both the regions. Therefore, the above stated reason highlights the need of analyzing the spine biomechanically. So, that a new physiotherapeutic assessment and treatment approach can be developed in future to prevent permanent adaptive changes in the posture in patients with knee injuries. This systematic review protocol has been conducted by two independent reviewers who searched the articles using electronic search for publications in several databases: Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, JSTOR, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Science. After applying the selection criteria, study papers published between the years 2001 to 2019 have been selected. Studies of human participants of any age having injuries around knee joint have been eligible, and there was no restriction on type of injuries. All the study papers have been analyzed using modified Downs and Black scale and scores have been awarded for the items selected on a 27 point scale. This review has collected secondary data only; hence no ethical approval was required. The results of this review protocol will provide evidence regarding changes in lumbar spine in patients with injuries around knee and this information will be useful in planning for rehabilitation in knee and around knee injury.
Trend of dengue fever in COVID-19 period: observation from Kerala, India
Authors: Varghese Basil , Kumaran Jayasree Anandabhavan 
Published: July 2020

The surge of dengue fever cases occurring in the rainy season is the usual scenario as the mosquito breed in the stagnant water collection after the rain. The peak of this hyper-endemic usually occur in the months of June to September in Kerala.
REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: ATTITUDE TOWARDS PHYSICS AND BIOLOGY
Authors: Maison  , Lukman Aprizal , Jannah Nurdatul , Putra Dodi Setiawan , Puspitasari Tari Okta 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study: The attitudes of students when learning are behaviors that can be learned from psychology. This study aims to determine the comparison of students' attitudes towards physics and biology in Adhyaksa 1 Senior High School in Jambi City and the State Senior High School 8 in Batanghari Regency, Indonesia.
Methodology: The sample used was 282 students consisting of 140 students at Senior High School Adhyaksa 1 Jambi, and 142 students at Senior High School 8 Batanghari, and this type of research was a comparative quantitative study with a survey design. The instrument used was a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Main Findings: The results obtained indicate that there are differences in the attitudes of students at senior high school Adhyaksa 1 Jambi with Senior high school 8 Batanghari with a ratio of 0.046 attitudes toward physics and 0.032 attitudes toward biology. Shows that students' attitudes toward physics and biology have some comparisons in the Batanghari region and the Kota Jambi.
Applications of this study: These findings can contribute to the realm of psychology to enhance students' positive attitudes towards physics and biology subjects in secondary education institutions, especially in the Indonesian region. Negative attitudes towards science, especially towards physics and biology such as those found in senior high schools in the Batanghari Regency and Jambi City, need to be pursued to become positive attitudes.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research is to explore the quality psychology knowledge of students for Physics and biology teachers, especially in education. Besides, to find out how students' attitudes towards science, especially physics and biology. In this case, the student attitudes towards physics and biology in the Batanghari Region and Jambi City.
PREVALENSI KARIES GIGI POSTERIOR BERDASARKAN KEDALAMAN, USIA DAN JENIS KELAMIN DI RSGM FKG UNAIR TAHUN 2014 (Prevalence of Posterior Teeth Caries by The Depth of Cavity, Age and Gender at RSGM FKG UNAIR in 2014)
Authors: Rahardjo Amelia Kristanti Rahardjo , Widjiastuti Ira , Prasetyo Edhie Arif 
Published: July 2020

Background. Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic disease of people worldwide, and also Indonesia. Based on Indonesian Basic Research from Health Department, prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia was 90.5%. When dental caries rates are reported by gender, female are found to exhibit higher prevalence rates than male. Dental caries is disease of lifetime because it can spread out more throughout life and will continue until the teeth are destroyed without a proper treatment. Purpose. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of posterior teeth caries by the depth of cavity, age, and gender at RSGM FKG UNAIR. Method. Analytic observational study with cross-sectional and stratified random sampling method. Result. Out of 420 patients with teeth caries, 169 male patients (40.2 %) and 251 female patients (59.8 %). The highest prevalence is deep caries (59.76%) and the lowest prevalence is superficial caries (15.95%). Conclusion. It was concluded that there is correlation between the depth of cavity increase by age and female has higher caries prevalence than male but no significance differences between cavity depth and gender.
Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linn) terhadap Bakteri Enterococcus faecalis (Antibacterial Activity of Averrhoa bilimbi linn Leaf Extract against Enterococcus Faecalis)
Authors: Astuti Ranggi Hardian Nugro , Samadi Karlina , Prasetyo Eric Priyo 
Published: July 2020

Background. The prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis bacterial infection caused the failure of root canal treatment between 24%-77%. This is due to various factors resistance and virulence of Enterococcus faecalis. This research to find alternative materials that have antibacterial properties and by utilizing natural ingredients that can later be used as a root canal irrigation. Antibacterial activity of the Averrhoa bilimbi linn leaf extract against Enterococcus faecalis bacteria can be determined by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of Averrhoa bilimbi linn leaf extract that has antibacterial activity against bacteria Enterococcus faecalis. Method. This research is a labolatory experimental with post test only control group design which use diluted Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 according Mc. Farland standard 1,5 x 108 CFU/ml. With treatment Averrhoa bilimbi linn leaf extract on concentration 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, and 25% given to each of 0,05 ml Enterococcus faecalis and using Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHIB) as planting media. Result. At the concentration 30% of Averrhoa bilimbi linn leaf extract, showed that colony’s growth less than 10%. At the concentration 35% was not revealed any bacterial growth. Conclusion. The Averrhoa bilimbi linn leaf extract has antibacterial effect on bacteria Enterococcus faecalis. The MIC was at 30% and MBC was at 35%.
Perbedaan daya antiglukan NaOCl 2,5% dan ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) 0,09% terhadap Enterococcus faecalis (Comparison of antiglucan activity between NaOCl 2.5% and mangosteen pericarp extract (Garcinia mangostana Linn) 0.09% against Enterococcus faecalis)
Authors: Rahardia Nabiela , Rulianto M , Wahjuningrum Dian Agustin 
Published: July 2020

Background. Failure of endodontic treatment is commonly caused by the persistent microorganisms remaining in the root canal such as Enterococcus faecalis. Enterococcus faecalis can form a biofilm in tough environmental conditions within the root canals and caused biofilm-mediated infections which needs more complicated treatment due to the increasing of antimicrobial resistance. The biofilm formation initial and most important step is bacteria adherence to the solid surface that is mediated by glucan. NaOCl 2.5% is a commonly used root canal medicaments but can cause injury of periapical tissue. Mangosteen pericarp extract contains flavonoid, tannin, and xanthone have mechanism for inhibiting adherence of bacterial biofilm. Difference of antibacterial activity between NaOCl 2.5% and mangosteen pericarp extract 0.09% can be determined by experimental laboratory to determine the adherence of bacteria in each treatment. Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the difference of antiglucan activity between NaOCl 2.5% and mangosteen pericarp extract 0.09% on Enterococcus faecalis. Method. This study was designed as an experimental laboratory study with post test only control group design using Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Mangosteen pericarp was extracted using maceration method. Adherence analysis was observed after 24 hours by examining the viable cells in suspension. These viable cells are measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer to compare the suspensions’ turbidity. Using the Independent T-Test, significantly less bacteria were found adhering to the mangosteen pericarp extract. Results. Absorbancy difference level by mangosteen pericarp extract 0.09% is significantly greater than the NaOCl 2.5% (p<0.05). Conclusion. Antiglucan activity that generated by mangosteen pericarp extract 0.09% is greater than NaOCl 2.5%
Daya bunuh dan daya hambat antimikrobial chlorhexidine 2% dan povidone iodine 1% sebagai medikamen saluran akar terhadap Enterococcus faecalis The ability of chlorhexidine 2% and povidone iodine 1% as root canal medicaments to kill and inhibit Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Astria Nathania , Subiyanto Ari , Mooduto Latief 
Published: July 2020

Background. Enterococcus faecalis is one of the pathogenic organisms associated with root canal treatment failure and apical periodontitis. Root canal medicament is needed to prevent re-infection in the root canal and increase the success of treatment. Chlorhexidine and povidone iodine is a broad spectrum root canal medicaments that can kill gram-positive bacteria. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to discover the ability to kill and inhibit of antimicrobial chlorhexidine 2% and 1% povidone iodine asvroot canal medicaments against bacteria Enterococcus faecalis. Methode. This research was done by measuring the inhibition zone and count the number of colonies. Determination of the inhibition of root canal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis by diffusion method. 10 microliter root canal medicaments dropped on paperdisk and placed on nutrient agar media with enterococcus faecalis, then inhibition zone was calculated. Determination ability to kill enterococcus faecalis is done by inserting 1 ml medicaments root canal into 5 ml BHIB media, then 0.05 ml inoculum of Enterococcus faecalis inserted into each tube, except the negative control. 0.1 ml of each tube implanted in the media nutrient agar. Media incubated for 24 hours, then Enterococcus faecalis bacterial colonies that grow in media calculated using the CFU. Results. There no colony growth of enterococcus faecalis in both root canal medicaments. There are significant differences in inhibition zone of 2% chlorhexidine and 1% povidone iodine (p<0.05). Conclusion. Both of root canal medicaments can kill enterococcus faecalis, but chlorhexidine 2% was more capable inhibit Enterococcus faecalis.
Daya Hambat Aktivitas Enzim Glukosiltransferase (Gtf) Streptococcus mutans Oleh Ekstrak Temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza Roxb.)
Authors: Amanda A. , Kunarti Sri , Subiwahjudi Agus 
Published: July 2020

Background: Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria which has glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme and acts as the main agent that causes dental caries. GTF enzyme will convert sucrose into fructose and glucan. Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is one of the traditional herbs which has xanthorrhizol, curcumin, flavonoid, tanin, and saponin as an antibacterial agent. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of temulawak extract (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) to the activity of GTF enzyme Streptococcus mutans. Method: This research used 25%, 37,5%, and 50% concentration of temulawak extract as the treatment, and 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate as a control. The method of this research consists of three steps; preparing the temulawak extract concentration of 25%, 37,5%, and 50%, preparing the GTF enzyme from the supernatant of Streptococcus mutans, and testing GTF enzyme activity by analyzing the fructose concentration using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Perusal of the fructose area was based on the retention time of fructose. One unit of GTF enzyme activity is defined as the 1 μmol fructose / ml of enzyme / hour. Result: The obtained data then were analyzed by Post-Hoc Tukey (HSD). The result showed a significant difference between each treatment group with the control group (p<0.05). Conclussion: This research concludes that temulawak extract with 25%, 37,5%, and 50% concentrationcan’t inhibit the GTF enzyme activity of Streptococcus mutans.