bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lysosome‐Targeting Protein Degradation Through Endocytosis Pathway Triggered by Polyvalent Nano‐Chimera for AD Therapy
Authors: Wang Xiaorong , Chen Shiqin , Xia Xue , Du Yufan , Wei Ya , Yang Wenqin , Zhang Yiwei , Song Yujun , Lei Ting , Huang Qianqian , Gao Huile 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe excessive up‐regulation of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a well‐known pathological marker, drives the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Although lysosome‐targeting protein degradation has emerged as an effective therapeutic modality, the limited lysosome‐sorting efficacy greatly hindered the degradation efficiency of target proteins. Herein, a lysosome‐shuttle‐like nano‐chimera (endoTAC) is proposed based on polyvalent receptor binding mode for enhanced RAGE degradation as well as precise drug delivery. The endoTAC shows a high affinity to RAGE and enhances RAGE degradation due to its polyvalent‐interaction with RAGE. Additionally, endoTAC features increased accumulation in diseased brain and shows promise as a precise brain delivery system. After loading with simvastatin, the SV@endoTAC proves to successfully reverse pathological features both in vitro and in vivo. The work proposes that the combination of a lysosome‐targeting chimera and an effective drug delivery system can be promising in Alzheimer's disease therapy.
Optically Pumped and Electrically Switchable Microlaser Array Based on Elliptic Deformation and Q‐Attenuation of Organic Droplet Oscillators
Authors: Kato Masato , Miyagawa Junnosuke , Noguchi Shun‐ichiro , Takada Naoki , Baba Soumei , Someya Satoshi , Singh Ankit Kumar , Huang Jer‐Shing , Yamamoto Yohei , Yamagishi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConventional laser panel displays are developed through the mass integration of electrically pumped lasers or through the incorporation of a beam steering system with an array of optically pumped lasers. Here a novel configuration of a laser panel display consisting of a non‐steered pumping beam and an array of electrically Q‐switchable lasers is reported. The laser oscillator consists of a robust, self‐standing, and deformable minute droplet that emits laser through Whispering‐Gallery Mode resonance when optically pumped. The laser oscillation is electrically switchable during optical pumping by applying a vertical electric field to the droplet. Electromagnetic and fluid dynamics simulations reveal the deformation of the droplet into a prolate spheroid under the electric field and associated attenuation of quality factor (Q‐factor), leading to the halt of the laser oscillation. A 2 × 3 array of droplets is fabricated by inkjet printing as a prototype of a laser panel display, and it successfully achieves the pixel‐selective switching of the oscillation.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirocyclohexane Oxindoles
Authors: Zhang Ye , Wang Zhoulu , Ren Min , Zhang Xiaoxiang , Fu Zhenqian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA variety of structurally diverse spirocyclohexane oxindoles featuring a quaternary carbon centre have been successfully constructed through an N‐heterocyclic carbene‐catalyzed [4+2] annulation of isatin‐derived enals with α‐cyano‐β‐methylenones. This domino process exhibits a wide substrate tolerance, operates under mild conditions, and yields products with high enantioselectivities.
Diverse Synthesis of Azoles: Construction of ortho‐Azidotetrazoles/Triazoletetrazoles through N−N Cleavage of 2H‐Indazoles
Authors: Laru Sudip , Bhattacharjee Suvam , Hajra Alakananda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a conceptually new, general, and efficient approach for the synthesis of valuable ortho‐azido‐1,5‐disubstituted tetrazole and one‐pot synthesis of ortho‐triazoletetrazole derivatives mainly via PIDA mediated N−N cleavage of the azole ring of 2H‐indazoles using TMSN3. This current methodology represents an array of unsymmetrical ortho‐azidotetrazole and ortho‐triazoletetrazole derivatives with wide functional group tolerance in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. The practical utility of this reaction was showcased through successful scale‐up synthesis and a variety of subsequent derivatizations of ortho‐azidotetrazole products. Mechanistic investigations indicate that the reaction proceeds through a radical pathway.
Current Strategies and Future Directions of Wearable Biosensors for Measuring Stress Biochemical Markers for Neuropsychiatric Applications
Authors: Sheffield Zach , Paul Priyanka , Krishnakumar Shraddha , Pan Dipanjan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMost wearable biosensors aimed at capturing psychological state target stress biomarkers in the form of physical symptoms that can correlate with dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS). However, such markers lack the specificity needed for diagnostic or preventative applications. Wearable biochemical sensors (WBSs) have the potential to fill this gap, however, the technology is still in its infancy. Most WBSs proposed thus far target cortisol. Although cortisol detection is demonstrated as a viable method for approximating the extent and severity of psychological stress, the hormone also lacks specificity. Multiplex WBSs that simultaneously target cortisol alongside other viable stress‐related biochemical markers (SBMs) can prove to be indispensable for understanding how psychological stress contributes to the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric illnesses (NPIs) and, thus, lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and more objective clinical tools. However, none target more than one SBM implicated in NPIs. Till this review, cortisol's connection to dysfunctions in the CNS, to other SBMs, and their implication in various NPIs has not been discussed in the context of developing WBS technology. As such, this review is meant to inform the biosensing and neuropsychiatric communities of viable future directions and possible challenges for WBS technology for neuropsychiatric applications.
Carbon Nanocage‐in‐Microcage Structure With Tunable Carbon‐Coated Nickel as a Microwave Absorber With Infrared Stealth Property
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Xu Yang , Wu Lihong , Sun Yu , Zhang Mingnan , Dou Zhifeng , Zhao Jinchuan , Yan Yongzhu , Wang Guizhen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe rational design of microwave absorption (MA) material featuring light weight, wide absorption bandwidth, and infrared stealth property is crucial for military stealth and health protection but remains challenging. Herein, an innovative N‐doped carbon nanocage‐in‐microcage structure with tunable carbon‐coated Ni (NC/Ni(HS)) is reported via a reliable Ni‐catalyzed and Ni‐templated method. The hierarchically hollow structure of nanocage‐in‐microcage composites can optimize the impedance matching and respond to multiple reflections and scattering of incident microwaves and infrared waves. Moreover, the magnetic Ni nanoparticles improve the synergistic interactions between confined heterointerfaces and promote interfacial polarization. Such an ingenious structure endows NC/Ni(HS) with outstanding MA performance and infrared stealth properties. Specifically, NC/Ni(HS)‐10 with an optimal dielectric property, exhibits excellent MA performance. At an ultralow fill loading of 4 wt.%, a wide absorption bandwidth of 6.16 GHz is achieved at a thickness of 2.63 mm, and a strong reflection loss of −63.67 dB is obtained at a thickness of 2.00 mm. In addition, NC/Ni(HS)‐10 shows a low infrared emissivity in the range of 3‒14 µm, which is the key to compatibility with infrared stealth. This work paves the way for the design of advanced MA materials that meet the requirements of multispectral‐compatible stealth.
Ambient Synthesis of Cyclohexanone Oxime via In Situ Produced Hydrogen Peroxide over Cobalt‐Based Electrocatalyst
Authors: Xu Hui , Jin Meng , Zhang Shengbo , Zhang Xinyuan , Xu Min , Zhang Yunxia , Wang Guozhong , Zhang Haimin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCyclohexanone oxime, a critical precursor for nylon‐6 production, is traditionally synthesized via the hydroxylamine method under industrial harsh conditions. Here is present a one‐step electrochemical integrated approach for the efficient production of cyclohexanone oxime under ambient conditions. This approach employed the coupling of in situ electro‐synthesized H2O2 over a cobalt (Co)‐based electrocatalyst with the titanium silicate‐1 (TS‐1) heterogeneous catalyst to achieve the cyclohexanone ammoximation process. The cathode electrocatalyst is consisted of atomically dispersed Co sites and small Co nanoparticles co‐anchored on carboxylic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (CoSAs/SNPs‐OCNTs), which delivered superior electrocatalytic activity toward the two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) with high‐efficient H2O2 production in 0.1 m sodium phosphate (NaPi). Theoretical calculations revealed that the introduction of Co nanoparticles effectively optimized the binding strength of *OOH species on Co atomic sites, thus facilitating the 2e− ORR. The subsequent tandem catalytic system achieved a high cyclohexanone conversion of 71.7% ± 1.1% with a cyclohexanone oxime selectivity of 70.3% ± 0.6%. In this system, the TS‐1 catalyst effectively captured the *OOH intermediate and activated the in situ generated H2O2 to form Ti‐OOH species, which promoted the formation of hydroxylamine and thereby enhanced the oxime production performance.
Enhancing the Capacitive Memory Window of HZO FeCap Through Nanolaminate Stack Design
Authors: Habibi Mostafa , Kashir Alireza , Oh Seungyeol , Jang Hojung , Hwang Hyunsang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecently, a capacitive array based on Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) has been proposed as an alternative to conventional resistive crossbar arrays for compute‐in‐memory (CIM). This array operates through a capacitive memory window (CMWε). This arises due to interface asymmetry caused by varying defect densities at the top and bottom interfaces. However, the current CMWε is insufficient, necessitating strategies to enhance it. In this study, the impact of stack design on CMWε is examined and it is demonstrated that it is possible to precisely control critical fields in I–V curves to achieve a significantly higher CMWε. A record high CMWε is achieved through an innovative nanolaminate design. The observed characteristics are explained by the Landau‐Ginzburg‐Devonshire (LGD) model and the presence of extra critical fields during I–V sweep. The final device exhibits excellent uniformity and high‐speed operation. Additionally, a substantial memory window for a non‐destructive read operation (NDRO) is confirmed using AC pulses. Alongside detailed electrical characterization, TEM and XRD analyses for an in‐depth investigation is employed to uncover the root cause of the superior characteristics achieved. Ultimately, for analog vector‐matrix multiplication (VMM) in a capacitive array, the carefully designed nanolaminate stack significantly outperforms HZO (0.5) in both output voltage and voltage swing.
Students' evaluations of teaching and grades in university agricultural programs: A tale of two countries
Authors: Carpio Ochoa Carlos E. , Harral Bradi , Morales Sarahi , Garcia Manuel , Middleton Marty , Boren‐Alpizar Amy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis manuscript investigated the relation between student evaluations of teaching (SETs) and grades. Specifically, the research aimed to determine grades' causal effect on SETs and compare it to the effect of other instructor and course factors. Data collected from surveys at a US University and a Central American University were analyzed using panel data regression procedures. The findings revealed a positive grade effect on SETs at both institutions. Other instructor and course characteristics had relatively equal or smaller effects on SETs. The study findings can help faculty to enhance SETs scores and institutions when they assess their validity.
Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Transformations of Oxa/Aza Bicyclic Alkenes
Authors: Doraghi Fatemeh , Kermaninia Shahab , Afaridoun Hadi , Larijani Bagher , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed transformations of bridged‐ring bicyclic alkenes have emerged as an interesting area of synthetic chemistry in the last two decades. Due to their multiple points of reactivity, bicyclic alkenes, especially oxa/aza‐bicyclic alkenes, can participate in a variety annulation/functionalization reactions catalyzed by transition metals. In this review, a wide range of transition metal‐catalyzed C−H activation/addition of bicyclic alkenes with nucleophiles is described.
Programmable Self‐Assembly from Two‐Dimensional Nanosheets to Spiral, Twisted and Branched Nanostructures
Authors: Hu Haohui , Jiang Wei , Han Xiao , Wu Geng , Wang Haoran , Shi Yi , He Dayin , Ma Xianhui , Hong Xun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSelf‐assembly of nanomaterials into hierarchical structure is of great interest to fabricate functional materials. However, programmable design of the assembled structures remains a great challenge. Herein, we reported a programmable self‐assembly strategy to customize the assembled structure. The self‐assembly strategy is designed to orderly transform the two‐dimensional (2D) Ca ions assembled F127 nanosheets (Ca‐F127 NSs) into spiral nanosheet structures (S‐Ca‐F127 NSs), branched nanosheet structures (B‐Ca‐F127 NSs), branched‐spiral nanosheet structures (B‐S‐Ca‐F127 NSs), and twisted‐branched structures (T‐Ca‐F127 NBs). Wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) indicate that these different structures maintain the same orthorhombic phase and Ca‐O octahedral coordination structure. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) in the double‐tilt liquid nitrogen cooling holder identifies the Eshelby twist in the twisted structures, demonstrating the spiral structure are formed by screw dislocation growth. Cryo‐electron microscopy (cryo‐EM) proves the oriented epitaxial growth in the B‐Ca‐F127 NSs. Furthermore, the formation mechanisms of spiral structure and branched structure can be recombined to form complex hierarchical structures. The epitaxial growth along screw dislocation can lead to the formation of B‐S‐Ca‐F127 NSs, while the twisted epitaxial growth in the screw dislocation can lead to the formation of T‐Ca F127 NBs.
Partially Interstitial Silicon‐Implanted Ruthenium as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Hou Liqiang , Li Zijian , Jang Haeseong , Kim Min Gyu , Cho Jaephil , Zhong Wenwu , Liu Shangguo , Liu Xien 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo enhance the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), it is crucial, yet challenging, to fundamentally understand and rationally modulate potential catalytic sites. In this study, we confirm that despite calculating a low water dissociation energy barrier and an appropriate H adsorption free energy (ΔG*H) at Ru‐top sites, metallic Ru exhibits a relatively inferior activity for the alkaline HER. This is primarily because the Ru‐top sites, which are potential H adsorption sites, are recessive catalytic sites, compared with the adjacent Ru‐hollow sites that have a strong ΔG*H. To promote the transformation of Ru‐top sites from recessive to dominant catalytic sites, interstitial Si atoms are implanted into the hollow sites. However, complete interstitial implantation leads to a high water dissociation energy barrier at the RuSi intermetallic surface. Thus, we present a partial interstitial incorporation strategy to form a Ru−RuSi heterostructure that not only converts the Ru‐top sites from recessive to dominant catalytic sites but also preserves the low water dissociation energy barrier at the Ru surface. Moreover, the spontaneously formed built‐in electric fields bidirectionally optimize the adsorption ability of the Ru sites, thereby greatly reducing the thermodynamic energy barrier and enhancing the alkaline HER.
Site‐Selective C(sp3)−H and Switchable C(sp3)−H/C(sp2)−H Functionalization Enabled by Electron‐Deficient Cp*CF3Ir(III) Catalyst and Photosensitizer
Authors: Hirata Yuki , Kimura Shunsuke , Higashida Kosuke , Yoshino Tatsuhiko , Matsunaga Shigeki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA site‐selective functionalization of a C(sp3)−H bond was achieved in the presence of an intrinsically more reactive C(sp2)−H bond by controlling the orientation of a directing group via a photo‐induced E/Z isomerization of an oxime ether. By combining E/Z isomerization and an electron deficient Cp*CF3Ir(III) catalyst, the scope of oxime ethers in C(sp3)−H functionalization was successfully expanded. Based on this strategy, the order of C−H activation was switchable and successive C(sp3)−H/C(sp2)−H and C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H double functionalizations were accomplished to construct densely functionalized structures.
Enhanced Crystallinity Through Melt Annealing of Thermoplastic Polyurethanes
Authors: Akkoyun Bahar Durak , Wis Abdulmounem Alchekh , Yıldırım Rumeysa , Makal Ümit , Özkoç Güralp , Kodal Mehmet 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the influence of melt annealing on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) synthesized via reactive extrusion, aiming to enhance TPU melt crystallization behavior. The melt annealing process involved reprocessing the polymer in a twin‐screw extruder, leveraging a novel approach to manipulating crystallization behavior by optimizing melt annealing conditions to activate microphase separation. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated increased nucleation density and a shift in peak crystallization temperature to higher values during cooling. Phase morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy, while gel permeation chromatography was utilized to assess molecular weight changes. X‐ray diffraction provided insights into TPU microstructural modifications, and mechanical properties were evaluated via tensile tests. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to analyze annealing‐induced changes in the hard segment structure and interpolymer bonding. The findings demonstrated that annealing enhances mechanical properties, promotes microphase separation, and increases the energy available for movement and realignment of hard segments, thereby improving TPU's thermal stability. Precise control of annealing temperature was critical to prevent adverse effects on polymer morphology or molecular weight reduction. Annealing at 210°C yielded the highest degree of crystallinity, optimizing mechanical properties and thermal stability.
New 7‐hydroxycoumarin acetamide derivatives as human carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies
Authors: Maddipatla Sarvan , Bakchi Bulti , Shinde Mayura Anil , Bonardi Alessandro , Raman Preethi K. , Bhalerao Harshada Anil , Singampalli Anuradha , Nanduri Srinivas , Godugu Chandraiah , Sonti Rajesh , Supuran Claudiu T. , Yaddanapudi Venkata Madhavi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCarbonic anhydrases (CAs) are crucial in regulating various physiological processes in the body. The overexpression of isoforms human carbonic anhydrases (hCA) IX and hCA XII is linked to tumour progression. The selective inhibition of CA IX and CA XII isoforms can result in the development of better cancer treatment strategies. The tail approach based on coumarin derivatives was known for selective inhibition of isoforms IX and XII. This study explores the potential of coumarin derivatives (7a–k, 8a–s and 9a–g) as selective hCA IX and hCA XII inhibitors. The synthesised derivatives exhibited potent and selective inhibition towards hCA IX and XII, with Ki values in the range of 0.58‒3.33 µM and 0.48‒2.59 µM, respectively. The oxime ether derivative 7d was found to be the most potent one against hCA IX, with a Ki value of 0.58 µM, and phenyl hydrazine derivative 8a, with a Ki value of 0.48 µM against hCA XII, was the most potent one among the synthesised molecules. The potent isoform‐specific carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibition suggests that 7d and 8a can be taken further towards the development of potent anticancer agents.
Research progress on the pathogenesis of psoriasis and its small molecule inhibitors
Authors: Xia Lulu , Li Hongxin , Long Li , Ruan Wei , Ma Jiajia , Xu Shan , Qiao Dan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPsoriasis is a prevalent chronic systemic immune disease characterized by T‐cellmediated hyperproliferation of keratinized cells. Among its various manifestations, plaque‐type psoriasis is the most common. Treatment options for psoriasis encompass topical medications, biological therapies, phototherapy techniques, and others. However, traditional treatments are associated with numerous side effects. In contrast, targeted therapy has garnered increasing attention due to its high selectivity, strong safety profile, and favorable therapeutic outcomes. Patients with psoriasis lesions exhibit elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines compared with the general population. These proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in mediating psoriasis pathogenesis by inducing keratinocyte proliferation through multiple signaling pathways within the body. This study will delve into the Janus kinase‐signal transducers and activators of transcription, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)‐protein kinase B (PKB, also known as AKT), and nuclear factor Kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells signaling pathways to elucidate their roles in mediating psoriasis pathogenesis. In addition, we will summarize potential targets relevant to the treatment of psoriasis and discuss the design and activity assessment of their inhibitors. It also provides new insights for further in‐depth study of psoriasis and development of novel molecularly targeted inhibitors.
Conjugates of amiridine and salicylic derivatives as promising multifunctional CNS agents for potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Makhaeva Galina F. , Grishchenko Maria V. , Kovaleva Nadezhda V. , Boltneva Natalia P. , Rudakova Elena V. , Astakhova Tatiana Y. , Timokhina Elena N. , Pronkin Pavel G. , Lushchekina Sofya V. , Khudina Olga G. , Zhilina Ekaterina F. , Shchegolkov Evgeny V. , Lapshina Maria A. , Dubrovskaya Elena S. , Radchenko Eugene V. , Palyulin Vladimir A. , Burgart Yanina V. , Saloutin Victor I. , Charushin Valery N. , Richardson Rudy J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNew conjugates of amiridine and salicylic derivatives (salicylamide, salicylimine, and salicylamine) with different lengths of alkylene spacers were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential multifunctional central nervous system therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conjugates demonstrated high acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition (IC50: AChE, 0.265−4.24 μM; BChE, 0.01−0.64 μM) but poor activity against off‐target carboxylesterase (CES). Specifically, conjugates with a (CH2)8 spacer showed the highest AChE and BChE inhibition: 3–16 times more effective than amiridine. Salicylamides 7b and 7c had the maximum BChE/AChE selectivity ratios: 193 and 138, respectively. Conjugates were mixed‐type reversible inhibitors of both cholinesterases and displaced propidium from the AChE peripheral anionic site (PAS) at the level of donepezil. All conjugates inhibited Aβ42 self‐aggregation in the thioflavin test; inhibition increased with spacer elongation, being greatest for (CH2)8. The results agreed with molecular docking to AChE, BChE, and Aβ42. Conjugates exhibited high 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS)•+‐scavenging activity comparable to the standard antioxidant Trolox, and they showed the ability to bind Cu2+, Fe2+, and Zn2+. Conjugates had favorable predicted intestinal absorption and blood–brain barrier permeability. Altogether, the results indicate that the new conjugates possess potential for further development as multifunctional anti‐AD drug candidates.