bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UAV Swarm GNSS Spoofing Defense Method Based on Consensus Artificial Potential Field
Authors: Gu Zhaojun , Zhao Huan , Chen Huitao , Wang Shuang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Current global navigation satellite system (GNSS) spoofing defense strategies for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) rely mainly on redundant antennas or inertial navigation systems during the action phase. However, the added payload and accumulated errors they introduce can adversely affect aircraft performance. To address the challenge of effective GNSS spoofing defense for UAVs, a defense method based on a consensus potential field was designed. First, the attack–defense interaction process was established as an artificial potential field problem with unknown repulsive sources. Then, a spatial relationship-based repulsive source prediction method was designed, allowing victim members to calculate the resultant force based on predicted repulsive sources. Finally, a consensus mechanism-based collaborative defense strategy was developed to correct the fight direction, reducing trajectory deviation and destination error. Experimental results show that compared with the game, random decision, particle swarm optimization, and vector proportion-integration-differentiation models, the consensus potential field model has smaller trajectory and destination deviations (12.91 ± 6.41m and 13.94 ± 2.77m, respectively). In addition, the proposed method demonstrates better time performance across different experimental environments than other methods and effectively helps the swarm reach a safe area under navigation deception attacks.
Mean arterial pressure is not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan: a secondary retrospective analysis
Authors: Zheng Huabo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The association between mean arterial pressure (MAP) has been explored in some studies, but the results have been controversial.
Methods
This longitudinal cohort study included 8,430 men and 7,034 women. The follow-up period lasted 13 years, from 1994 to 2016. We categorized the participants according to the quartiles of MAP. The association between MAP and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was investigated and expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after adjustment for potential confounders.
Results
After multivariable adjustment, we found that MAP was not a risk factor for incident T2DM. The HR at the highest quartile of MAP was 1.10 (0.75, 1.61), p = 0.6363, compared to the lowest quartile of MAP. In the subgroup analysis, we did not find a relationship between MAP and T2DM incidence.
Conclusions
MAP was not associated with the incidence of T2DM in Japan.
MMS-YOLOv10: A fast and improved pavement surface defect detection model based on YOLOv10
Authors: Liu Jin , Zhan Guorui , Wang Diandian , Kang Yanqin , Wang Kun , Qiang Jun , Zhang Yikun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Pavement defect detection greatly affects pavement service life and vehicle operation safety. Current pavement defect detection models encounter difficulties in accurately detecting minor defects, handling imbalanced class samples, and maintaining speed. To overcome these issues, we propose a fast and improved pavement surface defect detection model named MMS-YOLOv10, which is based on YOLOv10n. This model includes three significant improvements. First, we incorporate the multidimensional collaborative attention (MCA) mechanism into the C2f module of the backbone network to enhance adaptability to objects of different scales and improve the feature extraction ability. Second, we design a multilevel feature fusion (MFF) module to enhance semantic and detailed information and improve the feature expression ability of the model with different levels of features. Third, the sample correlated weighting loss function is introduced during network training to solve the issue of sample imbalance through the dynamic weight mechanism. The performance of the MMS-YOLOv10 model is assessed through experiments conducted on the famous RDD2022 dataset. The qualitative and quantitative results show that the proposed model can lead to promising improvements in detection accuracy. Through further ablation experiments, the components of the proposed model are validated to achieve performance improvements.
Effect of Bushfire on the Structure and Composition of a Tropical Forest Reserve in Ghana
Authors: Likpalimor Obed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The increasing frequency of bushfires rapidly alters forest ecosystems by transforming their vegetation structure and composition. This phenomenon poses a significant threat to biodiversity, as it hinders the forest's ability to regenerate and enhances its variability. Despite the urgent need to understand these impacts, comprehensive studies documenting the effects of bushfires on vegetation, particularly in the Opro River Forest Reserve, remain scarce. This study aims to assess the influence of bushfires on the vegetation structure and composition within the Opro River Forest Reserve. The research was conducted at two distinct sites: burnt and unburnt sites of the forest reserve. Sampling involved the establishment of twenty 25 m × 25 m plots, with ten plots designated for each site. Trees with a diameter at breast height (dbh) of 10 cm or greater were recorded, alongside nested plots of 5 m × 5 m for shrubs (dbh < 10 cm and height > 1.5 m). A total of 75 plant species across 31 families were identified in both sites. In the unburnt forest site, trees were the dominant woody plants, with Broussonetia papyrifera being the most prevalent species. Conversely, the burnt site of the forest was primarily dominated by shrubs, particularly Chromolaena odorata. The Shannon diversity index was higher in the unburnt site (0.36) compared to the burnt site (0.34), although species evenness and the total number of individuals were greater in the burnt area. Notably, tree diversity significantly declined in the burnt site relative to the unburnt site.
Transperineal approach alone as minimally invasive surgery for pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer after abdominoperineal resection
Authors: Tokunaga Takuya , Kashikara Hideya , Yoshimoto Toshiaki , Ishikawa Daichi , Nishi Masaaki , Takasu Chie , Wada Yuma , Nakasu Chiharu , Shimada Mitsuo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: In this report, we describe a case of pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer invading a seminal vesicle after abdominoperineal resection, which was removed only by a transperineal approach with the addition of urethrography.
Case: The patient, a man in his 60s, underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection for lower rectal cancer at another hospital. Thirty months after the surgery, he was referred to our department for surgery for a recurrent tumor in the pelvis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a tumor on the dorsal prostate that was suspected to have invaded a seminal vesicle.
Surgical findings: After incision in the previous perineal surgical wound, a subcutaneous incision was made and a GelPOINT mini was attached. Airflow was applied with the AirSeal system, and the surgery was performed laparoscopically. To accurately identify the dissection layers and avoid urethral injury, intraoperative urethrography was performed as necessary, and dissection was performed with an electrocautery and ultrasonic coagulation incision device while confirming the position of the urethra and forceps. The prostate was safely identified by urethrography and separated from the firm tumor. After dissecting the fatty tissue surrounding the tumor, the affected seminal vesicle was partially resected. The dorsal side of the tumor was dissected using the coccygeal bone and the levator ani muscle as guides, and the tumor was removed.
Conclusion: In select cases, the TaTME technique may allow minimally invasive surgery using only a transanal or transperineal approach.
Improving the anthelmintic effectiveness of Benzyl 4-Aminochalcone with polysaccharides nanoemulsions
Authors: Barbosa Matheus Luiggi Freitas , Braga Andreza Pereira , Ferreira Karin Vitoria Maia Mendonça , Oliveira Raphael Ferreira , Nascimento Joice Farias , Araújo Maria Rayanne Teixeira , Mendes Francisco Rogênio Silva , Cavalcanti Bruno Coêlho , Santos Hélcio Silva , Abreu Flavia Oliveira Monteiro Silva , Ribeiro Wesley Lyeverton Correia , Oliveira Lorena Mayana Beserra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Small ruminant farming in developing countries is hindered by gastrointestinal nematodes, such as Haemonchus contortus causing anemia, leading to weight loss and reduced productivity. The excessive use of synthetic anthelmintics has driven resistance. Therefore, natural compounds are being investigated as alternative control strategies. Hence, the present study investigates the anthelmintic activity and cytotoxicity of Benzyl 4-Aminochalcone (B4AM) and its nanoemulsions. Three nanoemulsions (sodium alginate-coated B4AM (CNAlg), gum arabic-coated B4AM (CNGA) and uncoated B4AM (UN)) were prepared and characterized physicochemically. B4AM and nanoemulsions were evaluated in the egg hatch test (EHT) using H. contortus and their cytotoxicity was evaluated on murine fibroblasts. The release kinetics of B4AM, CNAlg and UN were studied. The CNAlg and CNGA showed superior visual stability compared to UN. The CNAlg, CNGA and UN presented, respectively, 267.64, 234.3 and 144.56 nm (particle size); -56.64, -58.26 and − 46.06 mV (zeta potential); 0.751, 0.782 and 0.049 (polydispersity index). Encapsulation efficiencies were 87.5% (CNAlg), 43.8% (CNGA), and 69.87% (UN). In the EHT, CNAlg and UN were more effective. The effective concentrations to inhibit 50% (EC50) of eggs ranging from 0.02 to 0.10 mg/mL. SEM revealed more pronounced changes in eggs treated with the UN. No cytotoxicity was observed (IC50 > 120 µg/mL). Kinetics presented a faster release for UN followed by CNAlg and B4AM. CNAlg improved B4AM solubilization, stability and anti-helminthic efficacy, with ovicidal effect comparable to the pure chalcone. Nanoemulsions showed promise for ovicidal control, but further studies are needed to assess their effectiveness in other life stages.
Morphological approach to understanding mineral alteration and nanoparticle formation under alkaline conditions using granitic rock thin sections
Authors: Kim Eungyeong , Hyun Sung Pil , Jo Ho Young 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The cement components in deep geological disposal facilities (DGFs) for spent nuclear fuel can increase groundwater pH, potentially altering minerals within natural barriers. Mineral (biotite, quartz, plagioclase, chlorite, and K-feldspar) dissolution and secondary-phase precipitation were investigated to provide visually integrated understanding of multifaceted processes. This study was based on the morphological features of granitic rock thin sections exposed to alkaline aqueous solutions (initial pH: pHo 9 and 13) using atomic force microscopy (AFM), micro-X-ray fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Batch kinetic-alteration tests were conducted from 4 h to 20 d. The minerals exhibited more pronounced changes in surface roughness and Si release at pHo 13 than at pHo 9. Furthermore, precipitates were more abundant on the mineral surfaces at pHo 9 than at pHo 13. Fe (oxy)hydroxides and Al (oxy)hydroxides prevailed as precipitates at pHo 9, whereas Ca (oxy)hydroxides dominated at pHo 13 (pH ≥ 12.8). These findings indicate that the aqueous solutions were significantly involved in the formation of the secondary-phase precipitates. Interestingly, secondary-phase precipitates formed not only on the surface of mineral (i.e., biotite) providing constituent ions but also on the surfaces of adjacent minerals (i.e., quartz and plagioclase). Moreover, the possibility of a multistep process involving Al precursors for nucleation of gibbsite precipitates on the surface of K-feldspar at pHo 9 and colloidal particle formation through surface modification, often overlooked in mineral research, were identified via AFM image analysis. This methodological approach using rock thin sections can provide new visual insights regarding the dissolution–precipitation processes, including nucleation reactions, under conditions closely resembling the expected environmental settings within DGFs.
Comparative analysis of two decomposition methods for urban domestic water usage patterns
Authors: Xu Hao , Liu Huai-li 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

This study presents a method for analyzing urban water usage patterns using variational modal decomposition (VMD) with K-value optimization, which can improve the understanding of short-term urban water demand fluctuations. This method is compared to the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to evaluate its effectiveness in identifying periodic, daily, and weekly water usage patterns. VMD decomposes the original signal into multiple intrinsic mode functions. FFT is applied to analyze and reconstruct the different frequency components of the signal, transforming them back into the time domain. While FFT shows greater computational efficiency and higher reconstruction accuracy, VMD excels in handling nonlinear and non-stationary signals with better decomposition capabilities. However, VMD requires more computation time, and its performance is sensitive to parameter selection, indicating room for further optimization. Both methods successfully detect the main frequencies in short-term urban water usage patterns, particularly identifying cycles of 0.5 and 1 days. VMD demonstrates significant potential for capturing low-frequency fluctuations in urban water usage, making it a valuable tool for future research and prediction of water usage trends, particularly in short-term forecasts.
In vitro Bioassay and In silico Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Xanthium
strumarium Plant Extract as Possible Acaricidal Agent
Authors: Amin Nabi , Wu Chia-Hung , Malak Nosheen , Khan Afshan , Ullah Shakir , Ahmad Imtiaz , Khan Muazzam Ali , Naveed Muhammad , Ullah Zakir , Naz Saira , Khan Adil , Chen Chien-Chin 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Effective management strategies against tick infestations are necessary because tickborne
diseases represent serious hazards to the health of humans and animals worldwide. The aim of this
study was to examine the larvicidal and ovicidal properties of Xanthium strumarium extract against a notorious
tick species, Rhipicephalus microplus.

Methodology:
The maceration method was used to prepare the ethanolic extract of X. strumarium. The extract
was then used in an adult immersion test (AIT) and larval packet test (LPT) to asses the plant's toxicity. To
elucidate the mode of action, molecular modeling and docking studies were conducted. ADMET analysis was
then carried out to find out the drug-likeness profiles of the plant phytochemicals.

Results:
Significant death rates and egg inhibition were found at different extract doses using the larval packet
test (LPT) and adult immersion test (AIT). A concentration-dependent impact was observed at a concentration
of 40 mg/mL, which resulted in the maximum larval mortality (92 ± 2.646) and egg inhibition (77.057 ±
2.186). Additionally, the potency of the extract against R. microplus was determined by calculating its fatal
concentrations (LC50, LC90, and LC99). A three-dimensional model of the R. microplus octopamine receptor
was created, and docking studies showed that the receptor and possible ligands, most notably Xanthatin and
Xanthosin, interacted well. The potential of compounds as tick control agents was highlighted by their pharmacokinetic
characteristics and toxicity profiles, as revealed by drug-likeness and ADMET studies. Molecular
dynamic simulations further demonstrated the stability of the protein-ligand complex, indicating the consistent
association between the ligand and the target protein.

Conclusion:
Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential use of X. strumarium extract and
its compounds as larvicidal and ovicidal agents against R. microplus, paving the way for further research on
tick control strategies.
PARP1 Inhibitors: An Important Part in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Gowramma Byran , Mandal Subhranil , Laksmanan Kaviarasan , R S Silpa , Arun Sowmiya , Rajagopal Kalirajan , Stanley Vinethmartin Jacob 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Cancer is a highly fatal disease that is typified by aberrant cells proliferating out of
control. The properties of acquired cells, including as genomic instability and mutations, cellular
death evasion, and proliferative signaling sustenance, are evidenced by the hallmarks of cancer
and contribute to the establishment of malignant tumors. A protein called poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-
1 (PARP1) is essential for both cell survival and DNA damage repair, two processes that
affect cellular control. Since homologous recombination deficient cells exhibit cellular death upon
suppression of PARP1, the PARP protein has gained attention as a potential target for anticancer
treatments. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has already approved a number of
effective PARP1 inhibitors, including olaparib and niraparib. The final chemical has a 1,3,4-
thiadiazole core in its structure. In fact, heterocyclic moieties have gained attention due to their
numerous medicinal advantages, which include their capacity to combat cancer. The compounds
derived from these substances have been studied as PARP1 inhibitors, with promising results.
Thus, the goal of this study is to go over the importance of PARP1 in cancer as well as its role in
cell regulation. It also attempts to offer a comprehensive assessment of the literature that has been
published in the previous fifteen years about PARP1 inhibitors, including the different scaffolds,
with an emphasis on features of the structure-activity relationship. This will provide vital information
for the creation of fresh, more effective PARP1 inhibitors.
Neuropharmacological Evaluation of Betaine against Parkinson’s Disease Rat Model
Authors: Kaur Satinder , Khurrana Navneet , Hussain Md Sadique , Kumar Rajesh , Singh Gurvinder , Dhawan Ravi Kumar , Bhat Mudasir Maqbool , Sharma Neha 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
This study aimed at evaluating the neuropharmacological impacts of
betaine, a natural compound known for its antioxidant properties, in a rat model of Parkinson’s
disease induced by rotenone.

Method:
Male Wistar rats were separated into various groups and administered betaine at two
different doses (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg orally), in addition to rotenone (2 mg/kg subcutaneously),
for 35 days.

Result:
Various parameters were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of betaine. After receiving
rotenone, the subjects displayed various behavioral alterations such as catalepsy, delayed
beam walk, postural instability, unusual movement patterns, reduced weight, altered rearing behavior,
impaired muscle coordination, decreased locomotor activity, and weakened grip strength.
Interestingly, these effects were notably alleviated when betaine was given alongside. Betaine
demonstrated a reduction in rotenone-induced oxidative stress by lowering levels of thiobarbituric
acid reactive substances (TBARS) and superoxide anion generation (SAG), while increasing levels
of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) in the cerebrum and midbrain regions. Moreover,
betaine helped alleviate the reduction in dopamine (DA) levels caused by rotenone-induced neurodegeneration.
In general, the protective impact of betaine against rotenone-induced PD symptoms
outperformed the typical treatment with Levodopa+Carbidopa (L+C), especially at the
higher dosage of 20 mg/kg.

Conclusion:
These results indicate that betaine shows potential as a therapeutic option for PD
because of its antioxidant properties.
Metabolite Profiling and Bioactivities of the Solvent Fractions Derived from a Marine Clam Anadara compacta
Authors: Simora Rhoda Mae C. , Monaya Karmelie Jane M. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The marine clam Anadara compacta is a common bivalve mollusk found
in many coastal regions in the Philippines but is underutilized despite its nutritional value. The
study aimed to determine the bioactive potential of A. compacta for its optimum utilization as a
promising novel source of metabolites with pharmaceutical potential.

Methods:
The proposed approach in the profiling of metabolites included solvent extraction, fractionation
by C18 column chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS)-
guided profiling of the active fractions. Biological investigations comprised cytotoxicity,
antibacterial and antioxidant activity assessments.

Results:
The methanol solvent fractions obtained from the water layer of A. compacta contained
various chemical constituents namely alkaloids, terpenoids, linear and cyclic peptides, cytotoxic
macrolides, among others based on LC-MS analysis. The 100% methanol fraction showed the
highest inhibitory effect against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells among other fractions with an
IC50 value of 118.57 ± 0.14 μg/mL. Moreover, the fractions also inhibited the growth of Grampositive
and Gram-negative bacterial strains tested and showed strong antioxidant potential as a 2,
2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenger.

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrated the effectiveness and complementary nature of LC-MS
metabolites profiling in conjunction with bioassays for the identification of bioactive constituents
in the marine clam A. compacta. The bioactive fractions from A. compacta may be utilized as
useful ingredients for developing pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
PF4 Silencing Promotes Trophoblast Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion and EMT by Regulating SOCS3/STAT3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Cao Hui , Li Ranran , Ling Li , Ni Guantai 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Recurrent Miscarriage (RM) is a chronic and heterogeneous autoimmune
disease. Platelet factor 4 (PF4) has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of RM.

Objective:
We aimed to explore the role and mechanism of PF4 on trophoblasts in RM in vitro.

Methods:
In this study, the expression of PF4 and PF4 receptor CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3)
in the placentas of patients with RM were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blotting.
Serum PF4 level was tested by ELISA. Following PF4 silencing and SOCS3 overexpression in
HTR-8/SVneo cells, cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8, colony formation, and EDU assays.
Wound healing and transwell assays separately evaluated cell migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence
assay determined E-cadherin expression. Tube formation assay was used to
measure the angiogenesis. Western blotting examined the expression of metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal
transition (EMT) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3)/signal transducer and
activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling-associated proteins.

Results:
The results revealed that PF4 displayed increased expression in placental villus tissues of
RM patients. Serum PF4 level was also elevated in RM patients. PF4 silencing promoted the proliferation,
migration, invasion, EMT, and angiogenesis of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Additionally, PF4
knockdown downregulated SOCS3 expression to activate STAT3 signaling. SOCS3 overexpression
countervailed the effects of PF4 deficiency on HTR-8/SVneo cells.

Conclusion:
In summary, PF4 participated in the proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT and angiogenesis
of trophoblast cells by modulating the SOCS3/STAT3 signaling pathway, indicating
that targeting the PF4/SOCS3/STAT3 pathway could be a novel therapy for RM.