bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filling the Space: A Framework for Coordinated Global Actions To Diminish Academic Bullying
Authors: Mahmoudi Morteza , Keashly Loraleigh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAcademic bullying is a serious issue that affects all disciplines and people of all levels of experience. To create a truly safe, productive, and vibrant environment in academia requires coordinated and collaborative input as well as the action of a variety of stakeholders, including scholarly communities, funding agencies, and institutions. In this Viewpoint, we focus on a framework of integrated responding, in which stakeholders as responsible and response‐able parties could proactively collaborate and coordinate to reduce the incidence and consequences of academic bullying while at the same time building constructive academic cultures. The outcome of such a framework would be to create novel entities (e.g. centre of excellence in academic ethics and civility) and actions (e.g. incorporating bullying records into institutional rankings) that accelerate successful responses to academic bullying.
Precise Molecular‐Level Modification of Nafion with Bismuth Oxide Clusters for High‐performance Proton‐Exchange Membranes
Authors: Liu Bailing , Hu Bo , Du Jing , Cheng Dongming , Zang Hong‐Ying , Ge Xin , Tan Huaqiao , Wang Yonghui , Duan Xiaozheng , Jin Zhao , Zhang Wei , Li Yangguang , Su Zhongmin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFabricating proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with high ionic conductivity and ideal mechanical robustness through regulation of the membrane microstructures achieved by molecular‐level hybridization remains essential but challenging for the further development of high‐performance PEM fuel cells. In this work, by precisely hybridizing nano‐scaled bismuth oxide clusters into Nafion, we have fabricated the high‐performance hybrid membrane, Nafion‐Bi12‐3 %, which showed a proton conductivity of 386 mS cm−1 at 80 °C in aqueous solution with low methanol permeability, and conserved the ideal mechanical and chemical stabilities as PEMs. Moreover, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed to clarify the structural properties and the assembly mechanisms of the hybrid membrane on the molecular level. The maximum current density and power density of Nafion‐Bi12‐3 % for direct methanol fuel cells reached to 432.7 mA cm−2 and 110.2 mW cm−2, respectively. This work provides new insights into the design of versatile functional polymer electrolyte membranes through polyoxometalate hybridization.
Confinement‐Driven Enantioselectivity in 3D Porous Chiral Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Hou Bang , Yang Shi , Yang Kuiwei , Han Xing , Tang Xianhui , Liu Yan , Jiang Jianwen , Cui Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract3D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with well‐defined porous channels are shown to be capable of inducing chiral molecular catalysts from non‐enantioselective to highly enantioselective in catalyzing organic transformations. By condensations of a tetrahedral tetraamine and two linear dialdehydes derived from enantiopure 1,1′‐binaphthol (BINOL), two chiral 3D COFs with a 9‐fold or 11‐fold interpenetrated diamondoid framework are prepared. Enhanced Brønsted acidity was observed for the chiral BINOL units that are uniformly distributed within the tubular channels compared to the non‐immobilized acids. This facilitates the Brønsted acid catalysis of cyclocondensation of aldehydes and anthranilamides to produce 2,3‐dihydroquinazolinones. DFT calculations show the COF catalyst provides preferential secondary interactions between the substrate and framework to induce enantioselectivities that are not achievable in homogeneous systems.
Study of minimum entropy controller for descriptor systems
Authors: Jhang Jia‐Yao , Yung Chee‐Fai 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper extends the results of minimum entropy
control from the state‐space system to the descriptor system. We first give an explicit definition for entropy of descriptor systems, and then derive a formula for calculating the entropy. Next, we find the parameterization of all
controllers for descriptor systems. Among these
controllers, we find the one resulting in the minimum entropy. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the obtained results.
Executive functions in agenesis of the corpus callosum: Working memory and sustained attention in the BTBR inbred mouse strain
Authors: Martin Loren A. , Hsu Fang‐Wei , Herd Brooke , Gregg Michael , Sample Hannah , Kaplan Jason 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionAgenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is characterized by the congenital partial or complete absence of the corpus callosum. Several strains of mice have been reported to carry AgCC, with the BTBR T+Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) inbred mouse strain consistently showing a complete absence of the corpus callosum, as well as a variable reduction in the size of the hippocampal commissure. While much research has focused on the social deficits of the BTBR strain, little research on its cognitive behavior has been conducted. The goal of our study was to compare two facets of executive functioning, spatial working memory, and sustained attention between the BTBR and C57BL/6J (B6) strains.MethodsSpatial working memory was measured utilizing a delayed matching‐to‐position (DMTP) task and sustained attention was measured utilizing an operant task in which mice were trained to distinguish signal and nonsignal events.ResultsBoth the BTBR and B6 mice demonstrated a predictable decline in performance on the DMTP task as the delay interval increased and predictable increase in performance on the sustained attention task as the duration of the signal event increased. Although no significant differences were found between strains on the performance of these tasks, there was a significant difference in learning the association between lever pressing and food reward. Histological investigation confirmed the complete absence of commissural fibers from the corpus callosum, but also the hippocampal commissure, counter to a previous study.ConclusionThe results suggest spatial working memory and sustained attention are unaffected by the absence of these commissural fibers alone.
Remote Water‐Mediated Proton Transfer Triggers Inter‐Cu Electron Transfer: Nitrite Reduction Activation in Copper‐Containing Nitrite Reductase
Authors: Qin Xin , Chen Xiaohua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe copper‐containing nitrite reductase (CuNiR) catalyzes the biological conversion of nitrite to nitric oxide; key long‐range electron/proton transfers are involved in the catalysis. However, the details of the electron‐/proton‐transfer mechanism are still unknown. In particular, the driving force of the electron transfer from the type‐1 copper (T1Cu) site to the type‐2 copper (T2Cu) site is ambiguous. Here, we explored the two possible proton‐transfer channels, the high‐pH proton channel and the primary proton channel, by using two‐layered ONIOM calculations. Our calculation results reveal that the driving force for electron transfer from T1Cu to T2Cu comes from a remote water‐mediated triple‐proton‐coupled electron‐transfer mechanism. In the high‐pH proton channel, the water‐mediated triple‐proton transfer occurs from Glu113 to an intermediate water molecule, whereas in the primary channel, the transfer is from Lys128 to His260. Subsequently, the two channels employ another two or three distinct proton‐transfer steps to deliver the proton to the nitrite substrate at the T2Cu site. These findings explain the detailed proton‐/electron‐transfer mechanisms of copper‐containing nitrite reductase and could extend our understanding of the diverse proton‐coupled electron‐transfer mechanisms in complicated proteins.
Deltex cooperates with TRAF6 to promote apoptosis and cell migration through Eiger‐independent JNK activation in Drosophila
Authors: Sharma Vartika , Mutsuddi Mousumi , Mukherjee Ashim 
Published: December 2020

AbstractJNK signaling is a highly conserved signaling pathway that regulates a broad spectrum of cellular processes including cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. In Drosophila, JNK signaling is activated by binding of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) Eiger to its receptor Wengen, and a conserved signaling cascade operates that culminates into activation of dual phosphatase Puckered thereby triggering apoptosis. The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an adaptor protein, which transduces the signal from TNFRs and Toll‐like receptor/interleukin‐1 receptor superfamily to induce a wide spectrum of cellular responses. TRAF6 also acts as the adaptor protein that mediates Eiger/JNK signaling in Drosophila. In a genetic interaction study, deltex (Dx) was identified as a novel interactor of TRAF6. Dx is well known to regulate Notch signaling in a context‐dependent manner. Our data suggest that combinatorial action of Dx and TRAF6 enhances the Dx‐induced wing nicking phenotype by inducing caspase‐mediated cell death. Co‐expression of Dx and TRAF6 also results in enhanced invasive behavior and perturbs the normal morphology of cells. The cooperative action of Dx and TRAF6 is attributed to JNK activation, which also leads to ectopic wingless (Wg) and decapentaplegic (Dpp) expression. Our results also reveal that the endocytic pathway component Rab7 may play a pivotal role in the regulation of Dx–TRAF6‐mediated activation of JNK signaling. Here, we present the fact that Dx and TRAF6 together activate JNK signaling in an Eiger‐independent mechanism.
Pitfall of left sided triple‐lumen catheter for continuous renal replacement therapy: A case report
Authors: Ijuin Shinichi , Ishihara Satoshi , Fukushima Masafumi , Fujiwara Daigo , Suga Masafumi , Kikuta Shota , Inoue Akihiko , Matsuyama Shigenari , Kawase Tetsunori , Nakayama Shinichi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report a case of vascular injury caused by a multi‐lumen catheter for CRRT inserted through left jugular vein. Diagnosis was delayed because CRRT could be continued. Clinicians should be aware of potential vascular complications associated with the wrong placement of multi‐lumen catheters even if blood flow continues without difficulty.
Removal of Heat‐Stable Salts from Lean Amine of a Gas Refinery via Electrodialysis
Authors: Kikhavani Tavan , Mehdizadeh Hamid , Van der Bruggen Bart , Bayati Behrouz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHeat‐stable salts (HSS) can be generated by degradation of amines during absorptive CO2 capture. The removal of HSS from lean amine using electrodialysis was carried out with the aims of enhancing HSS removal efficiency and reducing energy consumption as high as possible using homogeneous and heterogeneous ion exchange membranes. The results demonstrate the significant effects of concentrated solution on removal efficiency, energy consumption, amine loss, and amount of effluent. In the case of using a lean amine of the gas refinery and water as a concentrated solution, the HSS removal can be enhanced by 30 % and the amount of effluent can be reduced by 40 % using a homogeneous membrane instead of a heterogeneous membrane. Furthermore, the energy consumption decreased by 51 %.
Optimization of Streptomyces hygroscopicus Cultivation Parameters in a Lab‐scale Bioreactor
Authors: Mitrović Ivana , Lukić Nataša , Grahovac Mila , Jokić Aleksandar , Dodić Jelena , Grahovac Jovana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe production of different metabolites by Streptomyces spp. is directly influenced by oxygen transfer. On the other hand, intensive agitation and aeration may have negative effects on productivity due to high shear stress which causes damage to cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was multiobjective optimization of main scale‐up parameters using genetic algorithms. Between diverse solutions, an increase in aeration rate leads to the maximal production of biocontrol agents effective against storage apple pathogens of the Alternaria and Fusarium genera. Simultaneously, an increase in aeration rate enables the usage of a lower stirrer speed and significantly shorter bioprocess duration which supports the profitability of a defined production.
A pilot study on parallel factor analysis as a diagnostic tool for oral cancer diagnosis: A statistical modeling approach
Authors: Kanniyappan Udayakumar , Gnanatheepam Einstein , Subramani Karthikeyan , Rajendran Mangaiyarkarasi , Chinnathambi Shanmugavel , Aruna Prakasarao , Ganesan Singaravelu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExcitation‐emission matrix (EEM) has been extensively used as the comprehensive diagnostic tool to extract the biochemical fingerprint of the intrinsic fluorophores in a single scan window. However, there is a gap between the rigorous applications of the statistical tool with respect to discrimination of different stages of the disease which has been the subject for many years. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) is one among the powerful statistical modeling approaches among others. In the present study, a total of 70 EEM matrices of normal, premalignant, and malignant oral tissues were given as a input, and seven intrinsic fluorophores were extracted as “components.” The extracted components were well correlated with respect to the appropriate excitation and emission spectral characteristics of the multiple intrinsic fluorophores such as tryptophan, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), collagen‐1, porphyrin, tyrosine, and collagen. Subsequently, the student's t test and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) have been carried out with respect to the fluorescence intensity scores between normal vs. premalignant, normal vs. cancer, and premalignant vs. malignant groups. In normal vs. premalignant, all the seven fluorophores exhibit good statistical accuracy except porphyrin; normal vs. cancer exhibits higher statistical significance for tryptophan, NADH, and FAD than rest of the fluorophores, and premalignant vs. malignant shows proper classification in discriminating FAD, collagen‐1, and collagen. In summary, based on positive predictive value, the normal vs. premalignant exhibits 100% classification than the other two groups. Hence, the PARAFAC analysis could be the alternative and useful diagnostic tool in oral cancer diagnosis.
Urea‐Substituted Tetramethylcyclopentadienyl Ligands for Supramolecularly Accelerated RhIII‐Catalyzed ortho‐C−H Olefination of Benzoic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Maurer David , Breit Bernhard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe design and synthesis of air‐stable and conveniently crystallizable RhIII‐cyclopentadienyl catalysts substituted with a urea moiety, which are able to accelerate the C−H olefination of benzoic acid derivatives, is reported. Through kinetic studies and NMR titration experiments, the catalysts’ substrate recognition ability mediated by hydrogen bonding was identified to be the reason for this effect. Introduction of pyridone‐phosphine ligands capable of forming additional H‐bond interactions increased the catalytic performance even further. By unveiling a proportionality between reaction rate and relative complex formation enthalpy the hypothesis of a supramolecular catalyst preformation was supported. Its application to a variety of substrates proved the catalyst system's advantages, generally increasing the yields when compared to the results obtained with widely used [RhCp*Cl2]2.
Atemgasanalyse
Authors: Ruzsanyi Veronika , Herbig Jens 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Forschungsfeld der Atemgasanalytik beschäftigt sich mit der Analyse der ausgeatmeten Luft, die unter anderem eine Vielzahl an flüchtigen Stoffwechselprodukten enthält. Durch Atemluftanalyse können daher Informationen über Prozesse im Körper schnell und nichtinvasiv gewonnen werden. Trotz jahrelanger Forschung wird dieser Ansatz bisher nur für wenige diagnostische Anwendungen eingesetzt. Dank der stetig fortschreitenden Verbesserung der Empfindlichkeit und Selektivität der analytischen Messgeräte könnte sich die Entwicklung von neuen klinischen Anwendungen für die Atemluftanalyse stark beschleunigen.
Self‐compassion at work: A key for enhancing well‐being and innovation through social safeness at multiple levels
Authors: Lefebvre Jade‐Isis , Montani Francesco , Courcy François , Dagenais‐Desmarais Véronique 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine the mechanisms underlying the influence of self‐compassion on innovation and well‐being at work at multiple levels. Building on the tripartite model of affect regulation, we propose and test a mediation model in which social safeness explains self‐compassion's relationship with innovation and well‐being at the individual and group levels. The study participants were 101 employees on 26 teams from different organizations in Canada. The data were collected at two measurement times and were analyzed via multilevel modelling. Consistent with our predictions, the results indicated that social safeness mediated the relationship of self‐compassion with well‐being and innovation at the individual and group levels. We discuss the implications of this research for theory and practice.
The role of consumer ethnocentrism on boycott behaviour: What if a domestic business behaves egregiously?
Authors: Ulker‐Demirel Elif , Yuruk‐Kayapinar Pinar , Kayapinar Ozgur 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlthough there is an extensive body of literature on ethnocentrism and boycott behaviour toward foreign products, this study focuses on how consumer behaviours with ethnocentric tendencies are affected by a boycott movement caused by an egregious act committed by a domestic business. The results show that although consumers tend to boycott strongly, given the egregious acts of a domestic business, their boycott behaviour is largely eliminated by ethnocentric sentiments. Therefore, no matter how the extent of the egregious act, ethnocentric tendencies seem to cause consumers to lose their sensitivity toward that kind of behaviour and to change their consumption preferences accordingly.
Recyclable Heterogeneous Radical Generators Toward In‐Flow Polymer Elaboration System
Authors: Ji Yue , Oka Minami , Honda Satoshi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Satoshi Honda from the University of Tokyo. The cover picture shows a “Shodo” and “Origami” art of a Kanji character meaning “flow” and a girl having a column for chromatography. Shodo is Japanese Calligraphy with a brush and India ink and recognized as a traditional craft art drawing, which requires herculean effort to create a good piece. One of the authors in the paper, Ms. Minami Oka, is a Shodo Master, which means like Jedi Master in Star Wars films and created the cover. The brush indicated in the figure is the column for chromatography as the mechanism for creating Kanji character in Shodo is similar to paper chromatography. The Kanji character reflects the main story of “in‐flow” polymerization described in the paper. Read the full text of their Communication at 10.1002/cmtd.202000016.
Real‐world outcomes of patients with locally advanced or metastatic epithelioid sarcoma
Authors: Gounder Mrinal M. , Merriam Priscilla , Ratan Ravin , Patel Shreyaskumar R. , Chugh Rashmi , Villalobos Victor M. , Thornton Mark , Van Tine Brian A. , Abdelhamid Amr H. , Whalen Jennifer , Yang Jay , Rajarethinam Anand , Duh Mei Sheng , Bobbili Priyanka J. , Huynh Lynn , Totev Todor I. , Lax Angela K. , Agarwal Shefali , Demetri George D. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundLimited data are available on the real‐world effectiveness and safety of systemic therapies for advanced (surgically unresectable and/or metastatic) epithelioid sarcoma (ES).MethodsA retrospective medical records review was conducted in patients with advanced ES who were initiating first‐line or ≥2 lines of systemic therapy (2000‐2017) at 5 US cancer centers. The real‐world overall response rate (rwORR), the duration of response (rwDOR), the disease control rate (rwDCR) (defined as stable disease for ≥32 weeks or any duration of response), and progression‐free survival (rwPFS) were assessed by radiology reports. Overall survival (OS), rwDOR, and rwPFS were estimated from the time therapy was initiated using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Serious adverse events were assessed.ResultsOf 74 patients (median age at diagnosis, 33 years; range, 10.6‐76.3 years), 72% were male, and 85% had metastatic disease. The median number of lines of therapy was 2 (range, 1‐7 lines of therapy), and 46 patients (62%) received ≥2 lines of systemic therapy. First‐line regimens were usually anthracycline‐based (54%) or gemcitabine‐based (24%). For patients receiving first‐line systemic therapy, the rwORR was 15%, the rwDCR was 20%, the median rwDOR was 3.3 months (95% CI, 2.1‐5.2 months), the median rwPFS was 2.5 months (95% CI, 1.7, 6.9 months), and the median OS was 15.2 months (95% CI, 11.4‐21.7 months). For those who received ≥2 lines of systemic therapy, the rwORR was 9%, the rwDCR was 20%, the median rwDOR was 4.5 months (95% CI, 0.7‐5.6 months), and the median rwPFS was 6.0 months (95% CI, 3.2‐7.4 months). Over one‐half of patients (51.4%) experienced an adverse event, most frequently febrile neutropenia (14%), pain (10%), anemia, dyspnea, fever, thrombocytopenia, or transaminitis (5% each).ConclusionsSystemic therapies demonstrate limited efficacy in patients with advanced ES and have associated toxicities.
Anion Vacancy Engineering in Electrocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Gao Ying , Liu Cuibo , Zhou Wei , Lu Siyu , Zhang Bin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting is an eco‐friendly and sustainable energy conversion technology, while its large‐scale application is limited by the lack of efficient electrocatalysts. Notably, anion vacancy engineering, with functions of enhancing intrinsic activity, providing/increasing active sites, improving electrical conductivity, and strengthening stability, has been widely applied to boost the activity of electrocatalysts. In this review, we focus on anion vacancy engineering on electrocatalysts for water splitting. First, various synthesis strategies are introduced. Then the characterization techniques are classified and summarized into three catalogs: microscopy characterization, spectroscopy characterization, and theoretical studies. Lastly, the functions and challenges of anion vacancies in electrocatalysts for water splitting are briefly discussed.
Recent Advances in Bio‐Templated Metallic Nanomaterial Synthesis and Electrocatalytic Applications
Authors: Pan Yani , Paschoalino Waldemir J. , Szuchmacher Blum Amy , Mauzeroll Janine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDeveloping metallic nanocatalysts with high reaction activity, selectivity and practical durability is a promising and active subfield in electrocatalysis. In the classical “bottom‐up” approach to synthesize stable nanomaterials by chemical reduction, stabilizing additives such as polymers or organic surfactants must be present to cap the nanoparticle to prevent material bulk aggregation. In recent years, biological systems have emerged as green alternatives to support the uncoated inorganic components. One key advantage of biological templates is their inherent ability to produce nanostructures with controllable composition, facet, size and morphology under ecologically friendly synthetic conditions, which are difficult to achieve with traditional inorganic synthesis. In addition, through genetic engineering or bioconjugation, bio‐templates can provide numerous possibilities for surface functionalization to incorporate specific binding sites for the target metals. Therefore, in bio‐templated systems, the electrocatalytic performance of the formed nanocatalyst can be tuned by precisely controlling the material surface chemistry. With controlled improvements in size, morphology, facet exposure, surface area and electron conductivity, bio‐inspired nanomaterials often exhibit enhanced catalytic activity towards electrode reactions. In this Review, recent research developments are presented in bio‐approaches for metallic nanomaterial synthesis and their applications in electrocatalysis for sustainable energy storage and conversion systems.