bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of creatine kinase reaction rate in mouse hindlimb using phosphorus‐31 magnetic resonance spectroscopic fingerprinting
Authors: Kim Kihwan , Gu Yuning , Wang Charlie Y. , Clifford Bryan , Huang Sherry , Liang Zhi‐Pei , Yu Xin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy, reproducibility, and efficiency of a 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopic fingerprinting (31P‐MRSF) method for fast quantification of the forward rate constant of creatine kinase (CK) in mouse hindlimb. The 31P‐MRSF method acquired spectroscopic fingerprints using interleaved acquisition of phosphocreatine (PCr) and γATP with ramped flip angles and a saturation scheme sensitive to chemical exchange between PCr and γATP. Parameter estimation was performed by matching the acquired fingerprints to a dictionary of simulated fingerprints generated from the Bloch‐McConnell model. The accuracy of 31P‐MRSF measurements was compared with the magnetization transfer (MT‐MRS) method in mouse hindlimb at 9.4 T (n = 8). The reproducibility of 31P‐MRSF was also assessed by repeated measurements. Estimation of the CK rate constant using 31P‐MRSF (0.39 ± 0.03 s−1) showed a strong agreement with that using MT‐MRS measurements (0.40 ± 0.05 s−1). Variations less than 10% were achieved with 2 min acquisition of 31P‐MRSF data. Application of the 31P‐MRSF method to mice subjected to an electrical stimulation protocol detected an increase in CK rate constant in response to stimulation‐induced muscle contraction. These results demonstrated the potential of the 31P‐MRSF framework for rapid, accurate, and reproducible quantification of the chemical exchange rate of CK in vivo.
Numerical solutions of Boussinesq equation using Galerkin finite element method
Authors: Ucar Yusuf , Esen Alaattin , Karaagac Berat 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, Galerkin finite element method has been applied to good Boussinesq (GBq) and bad Boussinesq (BBq) equations which are examples of Boussinesq type equations. To apply the method, cubic B‐spline basis functions are taken as element and weight functions. The solutions of the numerical schemes have been obtained using the fourth order Runge–Kutta method. The error norms L2 and L∞ have been used to test how compatible they obtained numerical solutions with those of exact ones. As numerical examples, solitary wave motion and interaction of solitary waves have been investigated for both GBq and BBq equation. Also blow‐up solutions related to the interaction of two solitary waves are considered for GBq equation.
Mortality and morbidity following postoperative use of short‐term, low‐dose quetiapine vs risperidone in patients with diabetes: Analysis using a national inpatient database
Authors: Sato Daisuke , Uda Kazuaki , Kumazawa Ryosuke , Matsui Hiroki , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeShort‐term, low‐dose quetiapine is used to treat postoperative delirium and insomnia. Quetiapine is contraindicated for patients with diabetes in Japan because there have been several case reports of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in patients receiving long‐term, high‐dose quetiapine. However, because safety of short‐term, low‐dose quetiapine remains controversial, it is prescribed for patients with diabetes in real‐world clinical practice. The present study aimed to compare in‐hospital mortality and morbidity between short‐term, low‐dose quetiapine and risperidone in postoperative patients with diabetes.MethodsWe used a national inpatient database in Japan to perform a retrospective cohort study. We identified hospitalized patients with diabetes who underwent scheduled elective surgery and received oral quetiapine 200 mg/d or less or oral risperidone 4 mg/d or less within 7 days of surgery between July 2010 and March 2018. We performed one‐to‐one propensity score‐matched analyses to compare outcomes between patients with quetiapine and risperidone. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. The secondary outcome was infectious complications (pneumonia, urinary tract infection, surgical site infection, and sepsis).ResultsPropensity score matching created 665 pairs of patients who received quetiapine or risperidone. The primary outcome was observed in 19 (2.9%) of the quetiapine group and 11 (1.7%) of the risperidone group (relative risk, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 0.97–1.68; P = .14). The secondary outcome did not differ significantly between the groups.ConclusionIn terms of mortality and infectious outcomes, safety of quetiapine and risperidone may be comparable.
Psychological, educational, and social late effects in adolescent survivors of Wilms tumor: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Foster Rebecca H. , Hayashi Robert J. , Wang Mingjuan , Liu Wei , Mohrmann Caroline , Howell Rebecca M. , Smith Susan A. , Gibson Todd M. , Srivastava DeoKumar , Green Daniel M. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Leisenring Wendy M. , Robison Leslie L. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Krull Kevin R. , Hardy Kristina K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo delineate the impact of treatment exposures and chronic health conditions on psychological, educational, and social outcomes in adolescent survivors of Wilms tumor.MethodsParent reports from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study were analyzed for 666 adolescent survivors of Wilms tumor and 698 adolescent siblings. Adjusting for race and household income, survivors were compared to siblings on the Behavior Problems Index and educational outcomes. Multivariable modified Poisson regression estimated relative risks (RR) for therapeutic exposures and chronic health conditions (CTCAE 4.03 graded) among survivors, adjusting for sex, race, income, and age at diagnosis.ResultsCompared to siblings, adolescent survivors of Wilms tumor were more likely to take psychoactive medication (9.4% vs. 5.1%, p < 0.001) and utilize special education services (25.5% vs. 12.6%, p < 0.001) but did not differ significantly in emotional and behavioral problems. Survivors were less likely to be friendless (7.2% vs. 10.1%, p = 0.04) but were more likely to have difficulty getting along with friends (14.5% vs. 7.8%, p < 0.001). Among survivors, use of special education services was associated with abdomen plus chest radiation (RR = 1.98, CI:1.18–3.34). Those with grade 2–4 cardiovascular conditions had higher risk for anxiety/depression (RR = 1.95, CI:1.19–3.19), headstrong behaviors (RR = 1.91, CI:1.26–2.89), and inattention (RR = 1.56, CI:1.02–2.40).ConclusionsAdolescent survivors of Wilms tumor were similar to siblings with respect to mental health concerns overall but were more likely to require special education. Monitoring of psychosocial and academic problems through adolescence is warranted, especially among those treated with radiation to the abdomen plus chest or with cardiac conditions.
Comparing conditional probabilities and statistical independence in layers of protection analysis
Authors: Mott Timothy C. , Kivistik Paul Michael , Panorska Anna K. , Cantu David C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper demonstrates an approach to include conditional probabilities when calculating probabilities of disaster in quantitative risk analysis. Since not all layers of protection are independent of each other, using conditional probabilities leads to more accurate calculations of probabilities of disaster in a chemical process. An event tree analysis approach is shown by calculating probabilities of disaster assuming that events are statistically independent (independence assumption), and separately considering that events affect each other (conditional probabilities), in three cases with increasing complexity and number of layers of protection. For each case, we considered multiple scenarios to show that results do not depend on the input probabilities of particular events. In most scenarios of the three cases, findings demonstrate that the probabilities of disaster calculated using the independence assumption are lower than those with conditional probabilities, which can lead to undercounting the layers of protection that are actually needed.
Matching‐adjusted indirect comparisons: Application to time‐to‐event data
Authors: Aouni Jihane , Gaudel‐Dedieu Nadia , Sebastien Bernard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Matching‐Adjusted Indirect Comparison method (MAIC) is a recent methodology that allows to perform indirect comparisons between two drugs assessed in two different studies, where individual patients data are available in only one of the two studies, the data of the other one being available in an aggregate format only. In this work, we have assessed the properties of the MAIC method and compared, through simulations, several ways of practical implementation of the method. We conclude that it is more efficient to match the treatment arms separately (match the two drugs to compare on one hand, and the control arms on the other hand) and use the Lasso technique to select the covariates for the matching step is better than matching a maximal set of covariates.
A qualitative study to investigate the psychosocial effects of operational deployments on Medical Emergency Response Team personnel
Authors: Lamb Di , Withnall Rich DJ 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe stressors associated with emergency medical teams responding to critical incidents are well documented; however, the impact of such duties on the UK military personnel had never been investigated. This study explored the psychosocial effects of Medical Emergency Response Teams (MERT) operating in Afghanistan to inform the development of a Resilience Model. A structured and contextually relevant process could then be applied for a team's preparation for, delivery of and recovery from, their duties. A qualitative cross‐sectional design used semi‐structured interviews and 15 multidisciplinary team members participated. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and data were systematically analysed using grounded theory. Emergent theory poses that developing resilience against the demands of this role is dependent upon personnel having a realistic understanding of the deployed environment by phased immersion within it. This preparatory training generates situational awareness, trust and strong team cohesion, which together with peer and organizational support are necessary factors to effectively cope with the role. To limit the costs of caring, there is a need for MERT personnel to segregate the physiological and emotional aspects of delivering care to the injured; those unable to do so may be at greater risk of poor mental health outcomes. The preparatory training of MERT personnel must be further developed to provide an immersive environment that more closely matches the reality of the role. A period of stability is required post deployment with the support of peers to enable personnel to more efficiently transition back to their home life.
Examining Illiberal Trends and Anti-EU Politics in East Central Europe from a Domestic Perspective: State of Research and Outline of the Book
Authors: Anders Lisa H. , Lorenz Astrid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis opening chapter introduces the subject matter and objectives of the book. It first explains central terms and provides an overview of the different illiberal trends in Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. It then sketches recent conflicts between EU actors and the four East Central European states and explains why these conflicts are of a new quality. Next, it summarises the state of research on illiberal backsliding and on the EU’s tools against it and identifies shortcomings and gaps in the literature. Finally, it outlines the aims as well as the overall structure of the book and provides an overview of the contributions.
Safeguarding Democracy and the Rule of Law by Civil Society Actors? The Case of Poland
Authors: Matthes Claudia-Y. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA growing body of literature examines the EU’s reactions to illiberal trends in ECE countries. These studies predominantly focus on political instruments such as Article 7 and the Commission’s new rule of law mechanism, and there is a broad consensus on the view that these tools are too weak to combat breaches of liberal principles. This chapter therefore explores the potential of alternative strategies, namely the involvement of civil society actors in backsliding countries. By looking at the Polish case, it explores how much Polish civil society interacts with the European institutions in order to address violations of the rule of law and which strategies these actors unfold. It examines whether this cooperation may help to safeguard democracy in a bottom-up manner. The overall goal of the chapter is to investigate how much the EU’s instruments against democratic backsliding could and should be accompanied effectively by strategies aiming at collaboration with liberal forces within the backsliding member states.
Relations between b → cτν decay modes in scalar models
Authors: Schacht Stefan , Soni Amarjit 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
As a consequence of the Ward identity for hadronic matrix elements, we find relations between the differential decay rates of semileptonic decay modes with the underlying quark-level transition b → cτν, which are valid in scalar models. The decay-mode dependent scalar form factor is the only necessary theoretical ingredient for the relations. Otherwise, they combine measurable decay rates as a function of the invariant mass-squared of the lepton pair q2 in such a way that a universal decay-mode independent function is found for decays to vector and pseudoscalar mesons, respectively. This can be applied to the decays $$ B\to {D}^{\ast}\tau v,{B}_s\to {D}_s^{\ast}\tau v,{B}_c\to J/\psi \tau v $$
B
→

D
∗

τv
,

B
s

→

D
s
∗

τv
,

B
c

→
J
/
ψτv
and B → Dτv, Bs → Dsτv, Bc → ηcτv, with implications for R(D(*)), $$ R\left({D}_s^{\left(\ast \right)}\right) $$
R

D
s

∗

, R(J/ψ), R(ηc), and ℬ(Bc → τv). The slope and curvature of the characteristic q2-dependence is proportional to scalar new physics parameters, facilitating their straight forward extraction, complementary to global fits.
The role of U(1)’s in 5d theories, Higgs branches, and geometry
Authors: Collinucci Andrés , Valandro Roberto 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We explore the Higgs branches of five-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 quiver gauge theories at finite coupling from the paradigm of M-theory on local Calabi-Yau threefolds described as ℂ∗-fibrations over local K3’s. By properly counting local deformations of singularities, we find results compatible with unitary as opposed to special unitary gauge groups. We interpret these results by dualizing to both IIA on local K3’s with D6-branes, and to IIB with 5-branes. Finally, we find that, by compactifying the ℂ∗-fibers to tori, a well-known Stückelberg mechanism eliminates Abelian factors, and provides missing Higgs branch moduli in a very interesting way. This is also explained from the dual IIA and IIB viewpoints.
Structures of the massive vector boson propagators at finite temperature illuminated by the Goldstone equivalence gauge
Authors: Tang Yi-Lei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Inspired by the Goldstone equivalence gauge, we study the thermal corrections to an originally massive vector boson by checking the poles and branch cuts. We find that part of the Goldstone boson is spewed out from the longitudinal polarization, becoming a branch cut which can be approximated by the “quasi-poles” in the thermal environment. In this case, physical Goldstone boson somehow partly recovers. We also show the Feynmann rules for the “external legs” of these vector boson as well as the recovered Goldstone boson, expecting to simplify the vector boson participated process calculations by adopting the similar “tree-level” logic as in the zero temperature situation. Gauge boson mixing case are also discussed. Similar results are shown in other gauges, especially in the Rξ gauge.
A nilpotency index of conformal manifolds
Authors: Komargodski Zohar , Razamat Shlomo S. , Sela Orr , Sharon Adar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We show that exactly marginal operators of Supersymmetric Conformal Field Theories (SCFTs) with four supercharges cannot obtain a vacuum expectation value at a generic point on the conformal manifold. Exactly marginal operators are therefore nilpotent in the chiral ring. This allows us to associate an integer to the conformal manifold, which we call the nilpotency index of the conformal manifold. We discuss several examples in diverse dimensions where we demonstrate these facts and compute the nilpotency index.
Averaging over Narain moduli space
Authors: Maloney Alexander , Witten Edward 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recent developments involving JT gravity in two dimensions indicate that under some conditions, a gravitational path integral is dual to an average over an ensemble of boundary theories, rather than to a specific boundary theory. For an example in one dimension more, one would like to compare a random ensemble of two-dimensional CFT’s to Einstein gravity in three dimensions. But this is difficult. For a simpler problem, here we average over Narain’s family of two-dimensional CFT’s obtained by toroidal compactification. These theories are believed to be the most general ones with their central charges and abelian current algebra symmetries, so averaging over them means picking a random CFT with those properties. The average can be computed using the Siegel-Weil formula of number theory and has some properties suggestive of a bulk dual theory that would be an exotic theory of gravity in three dimensions. The bulk dual theory would be more like U(1)2D Chern-Simons theory than like Einstein gravity.
Preserving a Replaced Left Hepatic Artery Arising from the Left Gastric Artery During Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Waki Yuhei , Kamiya Satoshi , Li Yi , Hikage Makoto , Tanizawa Yutaka , Bando Etsuro , Terashima Masanori 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundA replaced left hepatic artery (RLHA) arising from the left gastric artery (LGA) is occasionally encountered during laparoscopic gastrectomy. Although the RLHA is usually divided at the root level as RLHA preservation might result in inadequate lymph node dissection, blood flow disruption by RLHA division may lead to hepatic ischemia. To date, there is no consensus on RLHA preservation. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of RLHA preservation by investigating the short‐term outcomes of patients with RLHA who underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG).MethodsA total of 106 patients with an aberrant LHA from the LGA were identified as having gastric cancer and underwent LDG from 2012 to 2018. Finally, 55 patients were retrospectively diagnosed with RLHA by preoperative computed tomography and included in this study. Patients were classified into the divided (n = 18) or preserved (n = 37) group. Clinicopathological factors and surgical outcomes were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe RLHA preservation rate in patients who had been preoperatively diagnosed with RLHA was 88%. No significant difference was found in the number of harvested lymph nodes between the groups. The incidence of hepatic infarction was significantly higher in the divided group (16.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.031). Moreover, RLHA division caused postoperative transaminase elevation and was an independent risk factor for postoperative transaminase elevation (odds ratio: 55.8, p < 0.001).ConclusionsSurgical procedures of RLHA preservation reduced postoperative transaminase elevation and hepatic infarction in patients who underwent LDG. Surgeons should confirm the RLHA preoperatively and preserve it to prevent hepatic damage.
Maximal closed ideals of the Colombeau Algebra of Generalized functions
Authors: Khelif A. , Scarpalezos D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the structure of the set of maximal ideals of $${{\mathcal {G}}}(\Omega )$$

G
(
Ω
)

. The method of investigation passes through the use of the $$m-$$

m
-

reduction and the ideas are analoguous to those in Gillman and Jerison (Rings of Continuous Functions, N.J. Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1960) for the investigation of maximal ideals of continuous functions on a Hausdorff space K.
Thermochemical characterization of polybenzimidazole with and without nano-ZrO2 for ablative materials application
Authors: Paglia L. , Genova V. , Bracciale M. P. , Bartuli C. , Marra F. , Natali M. , Pulci G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDuring the ballistic atmospheric re-entry, a space vehicle has to withstand huge thermo-mechanical solicitations because of its high velocity and the friction with the atmosphere. According to the kind of the re-entry mission, the heat fluxes can be very high (in the order of some MW m−2) ;thus, an adequate thermal protection system is mandatory in order to preserve the structure of the vehicle, the payload and, for manned mission, the crew. Carbon phenolic ablators have been chosen for several missions because they are able to dissipate the incident heat flux very efficiently. Phenolic resin presents satisfying performance but also environmental drawbacks. Thus, a more environmental-friendly solution was conceived: a high-performance thermoplastic material, polybenzimidazole (PBI), was employed instead of phenolic resin. In this work PBI-ablative material samples were manufactured with and without the addition of nano-ZrO2 and tested with an oxyacetylene flame. For comparison, some carbon-phenolic ablators with the same density were manufactured and tested too. Thermogravimetric analysis on PBI samples was carried out at different heating rates, and the obtained TG data were elaborated to evaluate the activation energy of PBI and nano-filled PBI. The thermokinetics results for PBI show an improvement in thermal stability due to the addition of nano-ZrO2, while the oxyacetylene flame test enlightens how PBI ablators are able to overcome the carbon phenolic ablators performance, in particular when modified by the addition of nano-ZrO2.
The EPIC-26 domain scores after radical prostatectomy are associated with the personality trait of neuroticism
Authors: Dahl Alv A. , Fosså Sophie D. , Brennhovd Bjørn , Axcrona Karol 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The personality trait of neuroticism represents vulnerability for mental distress to somatic health problems. There are few studies of neuroticism in prostate cancer patients. This study examines the levels of self-reported adverse effects (AEs) after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RALP) in Norwegian men with high or low levels of neuroticism. Neuroticism is also compared to relevant factors concerning their associations with various AEs.

Methods
Among 982 men who had RALP at Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet between 2005 and 2010, 79% responded to a mailed questionnaire in 2011. They rated AEs by completing the EPIC-26 questionnaire, and neuroticism on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Men with < 1 year’s follow-up, treatment failure, and incomplete EPQ responses were omitted, leaving 524 men for analysis. The EPQ responses were dichotomized into low and high level of neuroticism. Stepwise multivariate linear regression analyses were used for examination of associations with the EPIC-26 domain scores.

Results
High neuroticism was reported by 20% (95% CI 17–23%) of the patients. On the EPIC-26 dimensions men with high neuroticism had significantly lower mean scores than men with low neuroticism. Most of these between-group differences were clinically significant. In multivariate regression analyses, high neuroticism contributed significantly to all EPIC-26 domains.

Conclusion
Increased levels of AEs after RALP are significantly associated with high neuroticism. A short screening test should be added to the current EPIC-26 instrument to identify patients with high neuroticism. In these patients, pre-operative counseling should take into account their risk of increased AE experiences.