bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE HEALTHCARE CHALLENGE FOR AN AGING POPULATION: THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Czaja Sara J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although many older adults enjoy relatively good health into their later years, many have one or more chronic conditions, diseases, or disabilities, and need help with disease management activities or activities important to independent living. With the increase in numbers of aging adults there is a concomitant strain on the healthcare system. Models of healthcare are also changing and moving towards a more partnership model where consumers are supposed to assume a more collaborative role in health decision making and a more active role in health management. This presentation will discuss the continuing and increasing role of technology in meeting the healthcare challenges for an aging population. The discussion will focus on technology applications to support the health and well-being of older adults as well as family caregivers. Challenges and barriers that currently limit the full potential of technology to be realized for these populations will also be discussed.
DIFFERENCES IN SELF-REGULATION BETWEEN OLDER DRIVERS WITH AND WITHOUT DEMENTIA
Authors: Zakrajsek Jennifer S , Molnar Lisa J , Eby David W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Given the high current prevalence of dementia and expected increases in the coming years, it is increasingly important to understand and address the process of transitioning from driving to non-driving among older drivers with dementia and the potential role of self-regulation (e.g., avoiding challenging driving situations). The purpose of this Alzheimer’s Association-funded study was to examine differences in self-regulation between older drivers with and without dementia. Fifty-two active drivers age 65 or older (16 with dementia; 36 healthy controls), completed a validated self-regulation questionnaire and standardized assessment of cognition, vision, and psychomotor skills. The dementia group reported some awareness of cognitive challenges (lower driving-related abilities to remember things and concentrate on multiple things at a time than the comparison group). Similarly, the dementia group performed significantly worse on memory tasks and complex reaction time in the objective assessment. Both groups were confident they could drive safely where they needed to go. However, the dementia group reported being less comfortable driving in several situations (unprotected left turns, unfamiliar areas, alone, rush hour traffic, backing up). Despite lower driving comfort among the dementia group, there were few differences in self-regulation between the groups. The only statistically significant difference was that more of the dementia group had reduced their driving in the past year. There were no differences in self-regulation between groups for any of the specific driving situations for which the dementia group reported feeling less comfortable. Full study results will be presented along with implications for programs and future research.
MODIFIABLE DETERMINANTS OF PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING AMONG LGBT OLDER ADULTS WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Kim Hyun-Jun , Kim Hyun-Jun , Fredriksen-Goldsen Karen , Jung and Hyunzee 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Heightened risks of cognitive impairment are a critical health concern for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) older adults. The physical and functional declines associated with cognitive impairment are known to increase risks of injury and decrease independent mobility. Guided by the Health Equity Promotion Model, this study analyzed longitudinal data (T0 to T2, N=646) to examine risk and protective factors predicting changes in physical functioning over time among LGBT older adults with cognitive impairment. According to the results of multilevel mixed models, social support, physical, recreational, and wellness activities, and nutrition were associated with improvement in physical functioning over two years; while stigma contributed to decline in physical functioning. LGBT older adults with cognitive impairment face unique challenges due to social stigma and isolation. The findings suggest that enhancing their access to community resources and their participations in physical, social, community, and recreational activities would improve their physical functioning.
DETERMINANTS OF PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG LGBT OLDER ADULT CAREGIVERS
Authors: Emlet Charles , Emelt Charles , Jung Hyunzee , Kim Hyun-Jun , Fazia David La , Fredriksen-Goldsen Karen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Caregivers experience chronic stress that can negatively affect their health, resulting in lower quality of life. This study aims to understand the physical and mental health of caregivers by examining modifiable risk and protective factors. Life experiences of LGBT older adults are considered. In the longitudinal study, Aging with Pride: National Health Aging, Sexuality and Gender Study, approximately one third (31%, n=754) of LGBT older adults (50+ years) provide care: 38% to partner/spouse, 29% friends, 20% other relatives, and 8% ex-partner/ex-spouse. Linear regression models examined the effects of risk and protective factors at T0 on health outcomes at T2. Mastery, physical activity, and nutrition predicted better physical functioning, lower mental distress, and higher health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Social participation and support, community engagement, and lower identity stigma predicted better mental health. Microaggression predicted lower physical HRQOL. Interventions enhancing protective factors may promote physical and mental health of LGBT caregivers.
NUTRITIONAL RISK PREDICTS HEALTH SERVICES UTILIZATION AND DEATH OVER 1 YEAR: RESULTS FROM THE UAB STUDY OF AGING II
Authors: Buys David R , Kennedy Richard E , Zhang Yue , Locher Julie , Brown Cynthia J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nutritional risk has been demonstrated to be associated with poor health outcomes, increased risk of health services utilization (HSU), and mortality among older adults. The aim of this study was to assess the prospective relationship between nutritional risk; HSU focusing separately on emergency department visits, hospitalization, and nursing home admission; and mortality. Using the University of Alabama-Birmingham Study of Aging II, we examined this relationship among 419 community-dwelling older Alabamians (75+years). We used the Mini-Nutrition Assessment (MNA), a well-validated nutritional risk assessment, which classifies individuals as either well-nourished, at-risk or malnourished, collected at baseline. We assessed HSU by asking about healthcare encounters since the last monthly follow-up call for 12 months and verified death with family reports and official documents. We completed univariate, bivariate, and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses with one-year of follow-up data, adjusting for social support, social isolation, comorbidities, and demographic variables. Accounting for covariates, being either at-risk or malnourished, relative to well-nourished, was associated with emergency department visits (HR: 1.30, 95% CI:1.14,1.48), hospitalization (HR: 1.58, 95% CI:1.37,1.82), nursing home admission (HR: 8.94, 95% CI:3.99,20.02), and mortality (HR: 1.90, 95% CI:1.25,2.88). These findings underscore the growing awareness that nutritional risk, particularly for older adults, is a significant factor affecting their well-being and particularly their ability to continue living in the community. Nutrition assessment, interventions, and services for community-dwelling older adults may lead to a reduction in health care utilization, particularly nursing home placement, and ultimately to reduced healthcare costs to families and taxpayers.
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AGING: BIOSOCIAL RESEARCH ON BRAIN AGING AND BIOLOGICAL AGING
Authors: Belsky Daniel W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Our aging global population presents a new set of challenges for public health. Individual-disease focused models are becoming outmoded as geriatricians recognize multimorbidity and frailty as the central challenges in preserving health for older adults. Evidence from research into the biology of aging suggests that a set of common cellular-level processes underpin decline in system integrity that induces vulnerability to disease across multiple organ systems, including the brain. In parallel, research in life-course gerontology indicates that the roots of aging-related decline in system integrity extend from early life and encompass histories of social, psychological, and biochemical exposures. The research presented in this symposium aims to integrate these emerging paradigms in aging research by mapping connections among measures of aging in the brain and body and social, psychological, and nutrition exposures. Our symposium focuses on (1) links between social-psychological determinants of health and biological aging in the brain and body; and (2) social and behavioral protective factors that may buffer emerging biological risk in aging. The overarching goal of this symposium is to introduce an approach to gerontology that integrates geroscience with life-course social and psychiatric epidemiology to advance understanding of cognitive aging and functional decline, and ultimately identify novel interventions to extend healthy lifespan.
DESIGN AND USE OF ROBOTS TO ASSIST OLDER ADULTS WITH HEALTHCARE TASKS
Authors: Rogers Wendy , Bayles Megan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is much potential for robots to support the needs of older adults, in general, and particularly in healthcare. Older adults are quite open to the idea of interacting with robots, although they have preferences for the nature of the task they want the robot to do as well as what they want the robot to look like. These preferences should be considered in the process of design and deployment. Older adults should be involved throughout the design process from formative to summative evaluation and even beyond to the integration of the robot into their everyday activities. The extant research provides guidance regarding older adults’ capabilities and limitations that might influence their ability to interact with a robot. Our goal in this presentation will be to focus on robots being designed to support older adults with healthcare tasks in the context of enhanced, instrumental, and basic activities of daily living.
MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH SEQUELAE OF BEREAVEMENT IN OLDER ADULTS: U.S. HEATH AND RETIREMENT STUDY ANALYSIS
Authors: Domingue Benjamin , Duncan Laramie , Harrati Amal , Belsky Daniel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Death of a spouse (bereavement) is associated with poor mental and physical health outcomes in older adults. But it is unknown how mental- and physical-health sequelae of bereavement are related and the clinical significance of bereavement-related depression has been questioned. We analyzed US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data tracking mental and physical health of 36,034 older adults during 1992-2016. Post-bereavement data were available for N=4,985 participants with recorded date of spousal death. We analyzed longitudinal repeated-measures data on survivors’ depression, disease, disability, and mortality. Bereavement effects on depression were immediate, but short-lived, attenuating within the year. In contrast, bereavement effects on physical health and mortality persisted over follow-up. Critically, the magnitude of short-lived effects on depression correlated with the magnitude of longer-lasting effects on disease, disability, and mortality. Results reveal connections between mental and physical health and aging and suggest bereavement-related depression as a biomarker of enduring health risk.
PREDICTING TRANSDIAGNOSTIC PSYCHOPATHOLOGY FROM INDICES OF AGING IN THE HUMAN STRUCTURAL CONNECTOME
Authors: Madole James , Madole James W , Cox Simon R , Buchanan Colin R , Ritchie Stuart J , Bastin Mark E , Deary Ian J , Tucker-Drob Elliot M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Imaging-derived indices of brain structure and white-matter connectivity evince steep declines with adult age and are robustly linked to neurological disease and a wide range of psychopathologies. Risk for psychopathology may be related to rapid structural brain aging, but the specific patterns of relations are not well documented. Using structural and diffusion MRI data from UK Biobank, we estimated a structural connectome for each participant (N = 3155), and used empirically-driven machine-learning algorithms to identify features of the connectome most susceptible to brain aging. In an age-homogenous hold-out sample of older adults, we score participants’ “connectome age” using the coefficients saved from the training sample. We examine associations between connectome age and both psychiatric symptom counts and polygenic risk scores for a range of psychiatric disease traits. This will be amongst the first and most comprehensive investigation of the extent to which psychopathology relates to signatures of structural connectome aging.
SOCIAL COHESION AND ORAL HEALTH PROBLEMS AMONG U.S. OLDER CHINESE ADULTS
Authors: Mao Weiyu , Mao Weiyu , Wu Bei , Chi Iris , Yang Wei , Dong XinQi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study examined the relationship between social cohesion (i.e., sense of community and neighborhood cohesion) and self-reported number of oral health problems and further investigated the potential moderating role of cognitive function in such a relationship among U.S. older Chinese adults. Data came from baseline of the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago between 2011 and 2013 (N = 3,157). Stepwise negative binomial regression models with interaction terms were used. Individuals with a stronger sense of community had 1% less risk of having oral health problems (RR = .99; 95% CI = .98, .99; p &lt; .001). Individuals experiencing a stronger neighborhood cohesion had a 11% reduction in risk of having oral health problems (RR = .89; 95% CI = .86, .92; p &lt; .001). To promote optimal oral health, interventions need to account for individuals’ perception and actual integration with their neighborhood and communities.
CHILDHOOD MISFORTUNE PREDICTS LIFESPAN HEALTH INTO LATE ADULTHOOD
Authors: Turiano Nicholas A , Turiano Nicholas A , Leger Kate A , Hill Patrick L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Childhood misfortune encompasses a diverse set of negative early life experiences that have damaging effects on lifespan development. We extended this topic by examining how early life misfortunes predicted changes in measures of physical functioning (FUNC) and body mass index (BMI) in adulthood (ages 25-75). We used 3-wave data (N = 6,000) from the Midlife Development in the U.S. study across 20 years. Unconditional latent growth curve models (adjusting for age, sex, education) suggested significant (p &lt; .05) mean-level change and variability in change for FUNC (Int = 1.47; Slope = 0.24) and BMI (Int = 26.71; Slope = 0.90). Higher levels of childhood misfortune (e.g., abuse, financial strain) significantly predicted worse FUNC (Int = 0.05; Slope = 0.02) and higher BMIs (Int = 0.24; Slope = 0.07) at baseline and steeper increases over time. Findings underscore the need to address adult health problems that emerge much earlier in life.
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—LIFELONG DISABILITIES: DEFINING HEALTH OUTCOMES FOR ADULTS AGING WITH DISABILITY
Authors: Munly Kelly , Coyle Caitlin E , Coyle Caitlin E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The population of persons aging with disabilities is growing. Being able to segment aging with disability sub-populations within national data sets is becoming increasingly important in order to understand the relationship of aging with disability to a range of outcomes in later life including health and wellness, economic security, and health and long-term service and support need and use. This symposium includes four examples of how existing data can be used to draw conclusions about the experience of old age for persons with intellectual or developmental disabilities. In addition, the symposium offers insights into the limitations of these data and the presentations lend themselves to a discussion of how measurement across disability sub-population can be ope rationalized. Two of the presentations focus on understanding mortality trends of adults with cerebral palsy and down syndrome--including an understanding of the health conditions facing these populations. A third presentation will focus on cardiovascular risk factors and co morbidity among adults with cerebral palsy. Finally, a fourth presentation will focus on pairing qualitative understanding with quantitative trends to offer a deeper understanding of the health management challenges for adults with disability as they age. Through a deeper understanding of the experience of health in later life for adults with disability, ideas about interventions and supports can be better aligned with the needs of these populations.
A FUNCTIONAL EPIGENETIC CLOCK FOR RATS
Authors: Levine Morgan E , McDevitt Ross , Ferrucci Luigi , deCabo Rafael 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Evidence from humans suggests that incorporation of phenotypic aging measures in the development of epigenetic clocks leads to more functionally relevant biomarkers. As a result, the aim of this study was to utilize a deeply phenotyped rat cohort—that included data from rotarod, open field, frailty index, and FACS—to generate a novel epigenetic clock. DNA methylation was assessed via reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) for n=142 male Fischer rats from NIA aging colony, ranging in age from 1 to 27 months. Phenotypic traits were combined to generate an multi-system aging measure that was then used to train the epigenetic clock. Using an independent validation sample, age-adjusted epigenetic clock measures were associated with numerous traits, including: open field time resting (p=0.005), open field time climbing (p=0.001), body weight (p=0.02), and rotarod max (p=0.04). In moving forward, it will be important to examine cross-species comparisons, longitudinal change, and functional enrichment.
RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION OF DEMENTIA CAREGIVERS: A REVIEW OF TWO STUDIES
Authors: Parker Lauren , Gitlin Laura N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Two of the goals of the National Strategy for Recruitment and Participation in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Clinical Research are to “increase awareness and engagement (Goal 1)” and to “engage local communities and support participants (Goal 3)”. Leveraging the findings from two National Institute on Aging funded dementia-caregiving related research studies, ADS-Plus and The Providing Evidence-Based Approaches to Caregiver Stress, the goal of this presentation is to discuss methodologies and approaches to develop culturally competent content for outreach. Recruitment strategies from the two studies will explore the impact of race/ethnicity on recruiting Hispanic (ADS-Plus), and Black/African American populations. Further, the effectiveness of recruitment strategies from both studies will be discussed, as an effort to (1) conceptualize best practices necessary to develop and sustain equitable and sustainable community partnership, and (2) create and improve evidence-based recruitment resources.
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—WOMEN’S ISSUES: FROM MENOPAUSE TO MEDICARE: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM COHORT STUDIES OF AGING WOMEN’S HEALTH
Authors: Woods Nancy F , Cochrane Barbara B , Cochrane Barbara B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although some countries have well-established birth cohorts for research on aging, few US projects have followed the evolution of women’s health from midlife through older age, leaving gaps in understanding their health and ignoring a window of time spanning age groups during which women may benefit from health promotion and prevention efforts. Cohort studies of midlife and older women’s health have begun to address this gap, providing opportunities to advance our understanding of both reproductive and healthy aging, including multiple racial/ethnic groups and US regions. Studying existing cohorts of aging women provides investigators with opportunities to: track changes over time, identifying trajectories of health along with aging; clarify antecedent-consequent relationships; identify how historical events may be related to emergent patterns of health; incorporate common data elements that allow comparisons within and across cohorts over time; and introduce new measures/indicators, such as genomic markers. This symposium will provide a foundation for future research using existing databases from studies providing longitudinal health-related measures of women as they age. Opportunities for conducting new analyses on midlife and older women’s health will be described for four large cohort studies: two studies of women exclusively -- the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation and the Women’s Health Initiative – and two studies with large numbers of women participants – the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging and the Rancho Bernardo Study of Healthy Aging. Unique and common considerations for answering future questions about women’s health from menopause to Medicare in these studies will be discussed.
LONGITUDINAL TRAJECTORIES OF EPIGENETIC CLOCKS IN HUMANS AND EFFECTS OF MEDICATION USE
Authors: Hagg Sara 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We sought to investigate the longitudinal trajectories of the new generation epigenetic clock′s and how medication use is altering the DNA methylation age (DNAmAge). DNA methylation (Illumina 450k and EPIC) was assessed repeatedly up to six times (1992-2014) in whole blood (597 individuals, 1469 samples) from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging (SATSA). DNAmAges were generated with the online calculator. Mean age at first measurement was 67 years (58% women). All clocks tested (Horvath, Hannum, Pheno, Grim, Skin&Blood) were correlated with chronological age (ρ=0.62-0.80). The steepest slope was found for Pheno while Horvath had the least steep slope. Correlations between the clocks ranged ρ=0.43-0.75. About 15% of the individuals started statin treatment during the follow-up, which changed the slopes to be less steep. Co-twin control analyses were confirmatory. Different DNAmAges are strongly correlated with each other in a longitudinal perspective. Treatment effects may alter the slopes of the DNAmAges.
IMPROVING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF GRANDPARENTS RAISING GRANDCHILDREN: A STRENGTHS-BASED INTERVENTION
Authors: Fruhauf Christine , Yancura Loriena , Fox Aimee , Riggs Nathaniel , Greenwood-Junkiermeyer Heather , Mendoza A N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Many grandparents raising grandchildren experience depression. Few interventions take a strengths-based approach to improve their mental health. To address this gap, this study utilized an adapted version of Powerful Tools for Caregivers (PTC) for grandparents (PTC-G) to improve their self-care, communication, and self-efficacy. Grandparents completed self-assessments including the CES-D short form prior to the intervention, immediately after the 6-week program, and at 6-months. Focus groups were also conducted during the 6-month follow-up to further explore positive behavior change. Data from all sources were analyzed to show that the PTC-G program significantly lowered depressive symptoms of grandparents raising grandchildren. Qualitative data shows that grandparents report increased awareness and use of self-care practices and community services. By improving the health and well-being of grandparents raising grandchildren, the PTC-G intervention shows promise in reducing depression and improving long-term mental health outcomes in vulnerable grandfamilies.