bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT OF SUPERVISORS MADRASAH IN QUALITY IMPROVEMENT MADRASAH ALIYAH IN JAMBI PROVINCE (ANALYSIS OF PAI SUBJECT SUPERVISORS AT MADRASAH ALIYAH)
Authors: Khairinal  , Chatib Adrianus , Julis Dailami 
Published: July 2020

Good supervision will create the professionalism of teachers in learning so as to produce good learning achievements and then produce good graduate competencies. The main questions in this dissertation research are: why is the management of supervisors in improving the quality of madrasah education at MAN / MAS Jambi City, Muaro Jambi District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency and Kerinci District?
This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods with sampling techniques carried out by purposive sampling. The subjects of this study were the Aliyah Madrasah Supervisor as the key informant, while the Head of the Madrasah Education Division, the City / District Ministry of Religion, the Head of the Aliyah Madrasah, and the teacher as the informant. Furthermore, the technique of collecting data using interviews, observations and documentation studies. Data analysis using flow data analysis models include: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.
The results of this study found that first, the management of supervisors in Madrasah Aliyah has not been done optimally. Madrasah Aliyah supervisors have not yet made detailed monitoring plans based on their time period or period of work. Second, the internal factors that have not been optimal for Islamic Education supervisors in improving the quality of education in Aliyah Madrasah are as follows: 1) Lack of supervisory competence, 2) Low supervisory resources, 3) Lack of supervisory motivation, 4) Lack of supervisory commitment. While external factors have not been optimal, supervisors in improving the quality of Aliyah Madrasah are as follows: 1) Supervisory recruitment. 2) Effect of government policy. 3) Lack of support from the Ministry of Religion. Third, the efforts of Aliyah Madrasah supervisors in improving the quality of education are: 1) Enhancing supervisory abilities. 2) Supervision of supervisor performance, 3) Support from the Ministry of Religion. Fourth, models of supervisors who supervise the madrasa.
The implication of this research is that the management of supervisors in improving the quality of the Aliyah Madrasah in Jambi Province is reviewed through the application of management functions carried out by the Head of the Ministry of Religion Office, starting from the planning process to the work assessment. The results of this study are recommended to various parties as follows: first, it is expected that the Provincial Ministry of Religion Office as a competent party to supervise the performance of the Aliyah Madrasah supervisors, secondly, it is expected that the head of madrasah proactively assists supervisors in supervising teachers in Madrasah , thirdly the community is demanded cooperation with supervisors in improving the quality of madrasa teachers.
Implementing a Three-Tiered Service Model for Knowledge Syntheses at an Academic Teaching Hospital
Authors: Yang Linda , Orchanian-Cheff Ani , Anderson Melanie , Farrell Ashley , Tripp Tim 
Published: July 2020

With increasing interest in publishing systematic reviews and other syntheses comes increasing numbers of researchers who want to perform a synthesis, but are unfamiliar with the rigorous methods and requirements of this kind of review. In response to increasing demand, and problems observed in working with researchers new to knowledge synthesis, UHN Library and Information Services designed and implemented a new Knowledge Synthesis Service model to meet the demand while providing an opportunity to educate researchers about guidelines for KS methodology and reporting standards, as well as a mechanism for librarians to control the information published about the search methods, and withdraw from projects that do not meet standards.
Harta Bersama Dalam Perkawinan Menurut Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Positif
Authors: Hyma Puspytasari Heppy 
Published: July 2020

Perkawinan merupakan berkumpulnya dua insan yang semula terpisah dan berdiri sendiri, menjadi satu kesatuan yang utuh dan bermitra. Berdasarkan QS An Nisaa : 34 tersebut diatas, pihak laki-laki lah yang mempunyai kewajiban menafkahi keluarga. Diambil pemahaman bahwa yang dimaksud dengan harta bersama itu bukanlah harta kesatuan antara suami dan istri tetapi merupakan harta dari suami yang dipergunakan untuk kepentingan seluruh keluarga. Apabila si istri juga berpenghasilan, penghasilan itu bukan merupakan bagian dari harta bersama. Permаsаlаhаn hаrtа bersаmа sering kаli kurаng mendаpаt perhаtiаn yаng seksаmа dаri аhli hukum, terlebih lаgi mаsyаrаkаt mаsih memаndаng sebelаh mаtа permаsаlаhаn ini. Pаsаngаn suаmi istri biаsаnyа bаru mempersoаlkаn pembаgiаn hаrtа bersаmа setelаh аdаnyа putusаn percerаiаn dаri pengаdilаn. Bаhkаn dаlаm setiаp proses pengаdilаn sering terjаdi keributаn tentаng pembаgiаn hаrtа bersаmа sehinggа kondisi tersebut kiаn memperrumit proses percerаiаn di аntаrа merekа kаrenа mаsing-mаsing sаmа-sаmа mengklаim bаhwа hаrtа tersebut merupаkаn hаk merekа. Pаdаhаl hаrtа bersаmа merupаkаn mаsаlаh yаng sаngаt besаr dаlаm kehidupаn suаmi istri. Metode penelitiаn yаng digunаkаn Peneliti dаlаm penelitiаn ini аdаlаh penelitiаn hukum normаtif аtаu doktrinаl.Penelitiаn hukum doktrinаl yаng disebut jugа sebаgаi penelitiаn perpustаkааn аtаu studi dokumen kаrenа penelitiаn ini dilаkukаn аtаu ditujukаn hаnyа pаdа perаturаn-perаturаn yаng tertulis аtаu bаhаn-bаhаn hukum yаng lаin. Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan meliputi Filosofi Harta Bersama Dalam Perkawinan adalah bahwa hukum Islam tidak mengenal adanya harta Bersama karena dalam hukum Islam tidak dikenal adanya percampuran kekayaan antara suami dan istri. Di Indonesia harta Bersama dikenal melalui hukum adat yang kemudian diterapkan secara terus menerus menjadi hukum yang tidak mungkin disingkirkan karena nilai maslahatnya lebih besar dari mudhorotnya.Serta Pengaturan harta Bersama dalam perkawinan di Indonesia didasarkan pada ketentuan pengaturan harta dalam perkawinan menurut UU Perkawinan maupun Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Sekaligus KUHPerdata
Regeneration Technique of Bamboo Species through Nodal Segments: A Review
Authors: Suwal Meena Maiya , Lamichhane Janardan , Gauchan Dhurva Prasad 
Published: July 2020

Micropropagation is an alternative technique to propagate at large scale plants to meet global plant demand. Various researchers have worked on the micropropagation technique to regenerate bamboo species by using nodal segments from years. Contamination, browning, necrosis, and acclimatization with physiological stress are the extreme problems of the micropropagation technique. But, many numbers of papers have been published on micropropagation of the bamboo species through nodal segments as explants. The proliferation of the bamboo shoots is dependent on the season of collection, size of explants, the position of explants, diversity of plants, concentration and combination of plant growth regulators, most adequate culture medium, environmental condition of the equipment, handling, and individual species. Bamboo is a monocarpic fast-growing, tall perennial grass and having the high potential to generate economic and social benefits. It helps to maintain land patterns and control soil erosion. The long life cycle of the bamboo produces a huge amount of seeds but unfortunately, mostly, they are non-viable. So, bamboos are propagated from vegetative by cutting and air layering. However, these methods are only for a small scale and they also tend to destroy large mother plant stocks and difficult to be transported. So, the in vitro propagation technique is useful to obtain large progenies from desired genotypes. Mostly, BAP and TDZ growth hormones are widely used for shoot multiplication and IBA, NAA and IAA are used for root initiation as per developed protocols in tissue culture for large scale production. This review intends to explore an overview of the recent literature reports to summarize the importance of micropropagation by using nodal segments of bamboo species and factors influencing it.
Densitometric analysis of brain computed tomography as a new prognostic factor in patients with acute subdural hematoma
Authors: García-Pérez Daniel , Panero-Pérez Irene , Eiriz Fernández Carla , Moreno-Gomez Luis Miguel , Esteban-Sinovas Olga , Navarro-Main Blanca , Gómez López Pedro A. , Castaño-León Ana M. , Lagares Alfonso 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Surgical evacuation is the mainstay of treatment in patients with altered neurological status or significant mass effect. Nevertheless, concerns regarding surgical indication still persist. Given that clinicians often make therapeutic decisions on the basis of their prognosis assessment, to accurately evaluate the prognosis is of great significance. Unfortunately, there is a lack of specific and reliable prognostic models. In addition, the interdependence of certain well-known predictive variables usually employed to guide surgical decision-making in ASDH has been proven. Because gray matter and white matter are highly susceptible to secondary insults during the early phase after TBI, the authors aimed to assess the extent of these secondary insults with a brain parenchyma densitometric quantitative CT analysis and to evaluate its prognostic capacity.

METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective analysis among their prospectively collected cohort of patients with moderate to severe TBI. Patients with surgically evacuated, isolated, unilateral ASDH admitted between 2010 and 2017 were selected. Thirty-nine patients were included. For each patient, brain parenchyma density in Hounsfield units (HUs) was measured in 10 selected slices from the supratentorial region. In each slice, different regions of interest (ROIs), including and excluding the cortical parenchyma, were defined. The injured hemisphere, the contralateral hemisphere, and the absolute differences between them were analyzed. The outcome was evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended at 1 year after TBI.

RESULTS
Fifteen patients (38.5%) had a favorable outcome. Collected demographic, clinical, and radiographic data did not show significant differences between favorable and unfavorable outcomes. In contrast, the densitometric analysis demonstrated that greater absolute differences between both hemispheres were associated with poor outcome. These differences were detected along the supratentorial region, but were greater at the high convexity level. Moreover, these HU differences were far more marked at the cortical parenchyma. It was also detected that these differences were more prone to ischemic and/or edematous insults than to hyperemic changes. Age was significantly correlated with the side-to-side HU differences in patients with unfavorable outcome.

CONCLUSIONS
The densitometric analysis is a promising prognostic tool in patients diagnosed with ASDH. The supplementary prognostic information provided by the densitometric analysis should be evaluated in future studies.
Fine configuration of the dural fibrous network and the extradural neural axis compartment in the jugular foramen: an epoxy sheet plastination and confocal microscopy study
Authors: Bond Jacob D. , Xu Zhaoyang , Zhang Ming 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
The extradural neural axis compartment (EDNAC) is an adipovenous zone that is located between the meningeal (ML) and endosteal (EL) layers of the dura mater and has been minimally investigated in the jugular foramen (JF) region. In this study, the authors aimed to explore the fine architecture of the EDNAC within the JF and evaluate whether the EDNAC can be used as a component for JF compartmentalization.

METHODS
A total of 46 cadaveric heads (31 male, 15 female; age range 54–96 years) and 30 dry skulls were examined in this study. Twelve of 46 cadaveric heads were plastinated as a series of transverse (7 sets), coronal (3 sets), and sagittal (2 sets) slices and examined using stereomicroscopy and confocal microscopy. The dural entry points of the JF cranial nerves were recorded in 34 cadaveric skulls. The volumes of the JF, intraforaminal EDNAC, and internal jugular vein (IJV) were quantified.

RESULTS
Based on constant osseous landmarks, the JF was subdivided into preforaminal, intraforaminal, and subforaminal segments. The ML-derived fascial sheath along the anteromedial wall of the IJV demarcated the “venous portion” and the “EDNAC portion” of the bipartite JF. The EDNAC did not surround the intraforaminal IJV and comprised an ML-derived dural fibrous network and an adipose matrix. A fibrovenous curtain subdivided the intraforaminal EDNAC into a small anterior column containing cranial nerve (CN) IX and the anterior condylar venous plexus and a large posterior adipose column containing CNs X and XI. In the intraforaminal segment, the IJV occupied a slightly larger space in the foramen (57%; p < 0.01), whereas in the subforaminal segment it occupied a space of similar size to that of the EDNAC.

CONCLUSIONS
Excluding the IJV, the neurovascular structures in the JF traverse the dural fibrous network that is dominant in the foraminal EDNAC. The results of this study will contribute to anatomical knowledge of the obscure yet crucially important JF region, increase understanding of foraminal tumor growth and spread patterns, and facilitate the planning and execution of surgical interventions.
Safety and efficacy of brainstem biopsy in children and young adults
Authors: Hersh David S. , Kumar Rahul , Moore Kenneth A. , Smith Luke G. F. , Tinkle Christopher L. , Chiang Jason , Patay Zoltan , Gajjar Amar , Choudhri Asim F. , Lee-Diaz Jorge A. , Vaughn Brandy , Klimo Paul 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVEBiopsies of brainstem lesions are performed to establish a diagnosis in the setting of an atypical clinical or radiological presentation, or to facilitate molecular studies. A better understanding of the safety and diagnostic yield of brainstem biopsies would help guide appropriate patient selection.METHODSAll patients who underwent biopsy of a brainstem lesion during the period from January 2011 to June 2019 were reviewed. Demographic, radiological, surgical, and outcome data were collected.RESULTSA total of 58 patients underwent 65 brainstem biopsies during the study period. Overall, the median age was 7.6 years (IQR 3.9–14.2 years). Twenty-two of the 65 biopsies (34%) were open, 42 (65%) were stereotactic, and 1 was endoscopic. In 3 cases (5%), a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed, and in 9 cases (14%), a posterior fossa decompression was performed during the same operative session as the biopsy. An intraoperative MRI (iMRI) was performed in 28 cases (43%). In 3 of these cases (11%), the biopsy was off target and additional samples were obtained during the same procedure. New neurological deficits were noted in 5 cases (8%), including sensory deficits, ophthalmoparesis/nystagmus, facial weakness, and hearing loss; these deficits persisted in 2 cases and were transient in 3 cases. A pseudomeningocele occurred in 1 patient; no patients developed a CSF leak or infection. In 8 cases (13%) an additional procedure was needed to obtain a diagnosis.CONCLUSIONSBrainstem biopsies are safe and effective. Target selection and approach should be a collaborative effort. iMRI can be used to assess biopsy accuracy in real time, thereby allowing any adjustment if necessary.
The limited influence of neurosurgeons’ behavior on inpatient satisfaction: a retrospective multihospital analysis
Authors: Park Christine , Zakare-Fagbamila Rasheedat T. , Dickson Wes , Garcia Alessandra N. , Gottfried Oren N. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
The Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) is a survey that assesses patient satisfaction, which is an important measure of the quality of hospital care and ultimately the overall hospital rating (OHR). However, the survey covers several elements of patient satisfaction beyond the patient-surgeon interaction. In this study, authors investigated which admission and experience factors had the highest impact on the OHR.

METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort analysis of HCAHPS surveys from patients who, in the period between August 1, 2016, and January 31, 2018, had been discharged from the neurosurgical or orthopedic service at three hospitals serving a single metropolitan area. The top-box score was defined as the highest rating obtainable for each survey question. Baseline admission attributes were obtained, and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of the top-box OHR.

RESULTS
After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1470 patients remained in the analysis. Categories on the HCAHPS included OHR, communication, education, environment, pain management, and responsiveness. After excluding identifying questions from the survey and adjusting for subspecialty and hospital, 7 of 17 HCAHPS survey items were significant predictors of OHR. Only 2 of these were related to the surgeon: 1) discharge, “Did you get information in writing about what symptoms or health problems to look out for after you left the hospital?” (OR 5.93, 95% CI 2.52–13.94); and 2) doctor, “Did doctors explain things in a way you could understand?” (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.73–4.46). The top three strongest correlating items were 1) discharge; 2) nursing, “Did nurses treat you with courtesy and respect?” (OR 3.86, 95% CI 2.28–6.52); and 3) hospital environment, “Were your room and bathroom kept clean?” (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.96–4.17).

CONCLUSIONS
The study findings demonstrated that there are several nonmodifiable factors (i.e., specialty, experience) and items that are not under the direct purview of the neurosurgeon (e.g., nursing communication, hospital environment) that are significant influences on overall inpatient satisfaction on the HCAHPS survey. Furthermore, components of the survey that ultimately influence the OHR vary across different hospitals. Hence, HCAHPS survey results should be broadly interpreted as a way to make health systems more aware of the overall hospital factors that can improve quality of care and patient experience.
Mediators of racial disparities in mortality rates after traumatic brain injury in childhood: data from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program
Authors: Piatt Joseph 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVESocial disparities in healthcare outcomes are almost ubiquitous, and trauma care is no exception. Because social factors cannot cause a trauma outcome directly, there must exist mediating causal factors related to the nature and severity of the injury, the robustness of the victim, access to care, or processes of care. Identification of these causal factors is the first step in the movement toward health equity.METHODSA noninferiority analysis was undertaken to compare mortality rates between Black children and White children after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Data were derived from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) registries for the years 2014 through 2017. Inclusion criteria were age younger than 19 years and head Abbreviated Injury Scale scores of 4, 5, or 6. A noninferiority margin of 10% was preselected. A logistic regression propensity score model was developed to distinguish Black and White children based on all available covariates associated with race at p < 0.10. Stabilized inverse probability weighting and a one-tailed 95% CI were used to test the noninferiority hypothesis.RESULTSThere were 7273 observations of White children and 2320 observations of Black children. The raw mortality rates were 15.6% and 22.8% for White and Black children, respectively. The final propensity score model included 31 covariates. It had good fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 = 7.1604, df = 8; p = 0.5194) and good discrimination (c-statistic = 0.752). The adjusted mortality rates were 17.82% and 17.79% for White and Black children, respectively. The relative risk was 0.9986, with a confidence interval upper limit of 1.0865. The relative risk corresponding to the noninferiority margin was 1.1. The hypothesis of noninferiority was supported.CONCLUSIONSData captured in the TQIP registries are sufficient to explain the observed racial disparities in mortality after TBI in childhood. Speculations about genetic or epigenetic factors are not supported by this analysis. Discriminatory care may still be a factor in TBI mortality disparities, but it is not occult. If it exists, evidence for it can be sought among the data included in the TQIP registries.
New expected impact functions and algorithms for modeling games under soft sets
Authors: Deli Irfan , Long Hoang Viet , Son Le Hoang , Kumar Raghvendra , Dey Arindam 
Published: July 2020

Soft set is the power tool to deal with uncertainty in a parametric manner. In applications of soft set, one of the most important steps is to define mappings on soft sets. In this study, we model theory of game under theory of soft set which is an effective tool for handling uncertainties events and problems that may exist in a game. To this end, we first define some expected impact functions of players in soft games. Then, we propose three new decision making algorithms to solve the 2.2 × p, 2 . n × p and m . 2 × p soft matrix games, which cannot be settled by the relevant soft methods such as saddle points, lover and upper values, dominated strategies and Nash equilibrium. The proposed soft game algorithms are illustrated by examples.
Dynamic CT assessment of disease change and prognosis of patients with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Zhang Hua , Liu Xiaohong , Yu Peng , Cheng Mingyuan , Wang Weiting , Sun Yipeng , Zeng Bingliang , Fan Bing 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES: To assess prognosis or dynamic change from initial diagnosis until recovery of the patients with moderate coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia using chest CT images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 33 patients (18 men, 15 women; median age, 49.0 years) with confirmed with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia in a multicenter hospital were included. The patients underwent at least four chest non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans at approximately 5-day intervals. We analyzed the clinical and CT characteristics of the patients. Moreover, the total CT score and the sum of lung involvement were determined for every CT scan. RESULTS: The most widespread presenting symptoms were fever (32/33, 97.0%) and cough (17/33, 51.5%), which were often accompanied by decreased lymphocyte count (15/33, 45.5%) and increased C-reactive protein levels (18/33, 54.6%). Bilateral, multifocal ground glass opacities (32/33, 97.0%), consolidation (25/33, 75.8%), vascular thickening (23/33, 69.7%), and bronchial wall thickening (21/33, 63.6%) with peripheral distribution were the most frequent CT findings during moderate COVID-19 pneumonia. In patients recovering from moderate COVID-19 pneumonia, four stages (stages 1–4) of evolution were identified on chest CT with average CT scores of 3.4±2.3, 6.0±4.4, 5.6±3.8, and 4.9±3.2, respectively, from the onset of symptoms. For most patients, the peak of average total CT score increased for approximately 8 days after the onset of symptoms, after which it decreased gradually. The mean CT score of all patients was 4.7 at the time of discharge. CONCLUSION: The moderate COVID-19 pneumonia CT score increased rapidly in a short period of time initially, followed by a slow decline over a relatively long time. The peak of the course occurred in stage 2. Complete recovery of patients with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia with high mean CT score at the time of discharge requires longer time.