bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to use the MEROPS database and website to help understand peptidase specificity
Authors: Rawlings Neil D. , Bateman Alex 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe MEROPS website (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/merops) and database was established in 1996 to present the classification and nomenclature of proteolytic enzymes. This was expanded to include a classification of protein inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes in 2004. Each peptidase or inhibitor is assigned to a distinct identifier, based on its biochemical and biological properties, and homologous sequences are assembled into a family. Families in which the proteins share similar tertiary structures are assembled into a clan. The MEROPS classification is thus a hierarchy with at least three levels (protein‐species, family, and clan) showing the evolutionary relationship. Several other data collections have been assembled, which are accessed from all levels in the hierarchy. These include, sequence homologs, selective bibliographies, substrate cleavage sites, peptidase–inhibitor interactions, alignments, and phylogenetic trees. The substrate cleavage collection has been assembled from the literature and includes physiological, pathological, and nonphysiological cleavages in proteins, peptides, and synthetic substrates. In this article, we make recommendations about how best to analyze these data and show analyses to indicate peptidase binding site preferences and exclusions. We also identify peptidases where co‐operative binding occurs between adjacent binding sites.
Molecular characterization of western corn rootworm pyrethroid resistance
Authors: Souza Dariane , Siegfried Blair D , Meinke Lance J , Miller Nicholas J 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDWestern corn rootworm (WCR) pyrethroid resistance has been confirmed in the western US Corn Belt. Toxicological and biochemical studies indicated that multiple mechanisms of resistance might be involved in the resistance trait, such as enhanced metabolism and/or kdr target‐site mutation(s) in the voltage‐gated sodium channels. To characterize the mechanisms of WCR pyrethroid resistance at the molecular level, pairwise comparisons were made between RNA‐Seq data collected from pyrethroid‐resistant and ‐susceptible WCR populations. Gene expression levels and sodium channel sequences were evaluated.RESULTSSeven transcripts exhibited significantly different expression (q ≤ 0.05) when comparing field‐collected pyrethroid‐resistant (R‐Field) and ‐susceptible (S‐Field) WCR populations. Three of the differentially expressed transcripts were P450s overexpressed in R‐Field (9.2–26.2‐fold). A higher number (99) of differentially expressed transcripts was found when comparing laboratory‐derived pyrethroid‐resistant (R‐Lab) and ‐susceptible (S‐Lab) WCR populations. Eight of the significant transcripts were P450s overexpressed in R‐Lab (2.7–39.8‐fold). This study did not detect kdr mutations in pyrethroid‐resistant WCR populations. Other differentially expressed transcripts that may play a role in WCR pyrethroid resistance are discussed.CONCLUSIONThis study revealed that P450‐mediated metabolism is likely to be a major mechanism of WCR pyrethroid resistance, which could affect the efficacy of other insecticides sharing similar metabolic pathways. Additionally, results suggested that although laboratory selection of a pyrethroid‐resistant WCR population may help to characterize resistance mechanisms, a field‐selected population provided rare and perhaps major variants corresponding to the resistance trait.
Efficacy of metam potassium on Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Meloidogyne javanica, and seven weed species in microcosm experiments
Authors: Khatri Kshitij , Vallad Gary , Peres Natalia , Desaegaer Johan , Regmi Homan , Boyd Nathan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundMetam potassium (metam‐K) is a soil fumigant widely used to control plant pathogens, nematodes, and weeds in Florida plasticulture production. The objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of metam‐K against Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Meloidogyne javanica, and seven important weed species under controlled conditions. The optimal rates generated in this study provide insight into the efficacy of metam‐K for field application.ResultsF. oxysporum and M. phaseolina were similarly sensitive toward metam‐K with a 90% effective concentration (EC90) of 478 and 493 μmol kg−1 soil, respectively. Meloidogyne javanica was the most sensitive pest with an EC90 of 25 μmol kg−1 which is similar to previous studies. Chenopodium album was the most sensitive weed seed with an EC90 of 260 μmol kg−1. Geranium carolinianum and Medicago lupulina were the least sensitive weed species with EC90 values of 786 and 567 μmol kg−1, respectively.ConclusionIt is apparent from these results that metam‐K can effectively control important pests in Florida plasticulture production systems with the correct application rate and adequate exposure of pest to the fumigant.
Quantum Conference Key Agreement: A Review
Authors: Murta Gláucia , Grasselli Federico , Kampermann Hermann , Bruß Dagmar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractConference key agreement (CKA), or multipartite key distribution, is a cryptographic task where more than two parties wish to establish a common secret key. A composition of bipartite quantum key distribution protocols can accomplish this task. However, the existence of multipartite quantum correlations allows for new and potentially more efficient protocols, to be applied in future quantum networks. Here, the existing quantum CKA protocols based on multipartite entanglement are reviewed, both in the device‐dependent and the device‐independent scenario.
Seeing into the future: The role of future‐oriented coping and daily stress appraisal in relation to a future stressor
Authors: Raper Mitchell J. , Brough Paula 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent research has identified the value of distinguishing between employee's appraisals of their work‐based challenge, hindrance, and threat job demands, and of how employee's future‐oriented coping is associated with key occupational outcomes. The current study extends this research by assessing the extent to which employee's proactive and preventive coping techniques each directly and indirectly predicted challenge, hindrance and threat appraisals. Utilizing a daily diary design, 89 undergraduate students completed five daily surveys focused on a common future stressor. Results suggested daily appraisals do not change as much as expected, with only challenge appraisals reducing across the 5‐day period. However, both proactive and preventive coping moderated daily stress appraisals, such that when proactive coping was high, challenge appraisals increased and hindrance appraisals decreased. Similarly, preventive coping appeared to reduce both hindrance and threat appraisals. Theoretical and practical implications of the multi‐level and dynamic nature of appraisals and future‐oriented coping are discussed.
Single‐Pore versus Dual‐Pore Bipyridine‐Based Covalent–Organic Frameworks: An Insight into the Heterogeneous Catalytic Activity for Selective CH Functionalization
Authors: Vardhan Harsh , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Nafady Ayman , Pan Yanxiong , Yang Zhongyu , Gutiérrez Humberto R. , Han Xiaolong , Ma Shengqian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExponential growth in the field of covalent–organic frameworks (COFs) is emanating from the direct correlation between designing principles and desired properties. The comparison of catalytic activity between single‐pore and dual‐pore COFs is of importance to establish structure–function relationship. Herein, the synthesis of imine‐linked dual‐pore [(BPyDC)]x%‐ETTA COFs (x = 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) with controllable bipyridine content is fulfilled by three‐component condensation of 4,4′,4″,4′″‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetraaniline (ETTA), 4,4′‐biphenyldialdehyde, and 2,2′‐bipyridyl‐5,5′‐dialdehyde in different stoichiometric ratio. The strong coordination of bipyridine moieties of [(BPyDC)]x%‐ETTA COFs with palladium imparts efficient catalytic active sites for selective functionalization of sp2 CH bond to CX (X = Br, Cl) or CO bonds in good yield. To broaden the scope of regioselective CH functionalization, a wide range of electronically and sterically substituted substrates under optimized catalytic condition are investigated. A comparison of the catalytic activity of palladium decorated dual‐pore frameworks with single‐pore imine‐linked Pd(II) @ Py‐2,2′‐BPyDC framework  is undertaken. The finding of this work provides a sporadic example of chelation‐assisted CH functionalization and disclosed an in‐depth comparison of the relationship between superior catalytic activity and core properties of rationally designed imine linked frameworks.
Modification and Validation of Low‐Cost Recreational GPS Loggers for Tortoises
Authors: Paden Lance M. , Andrews Kimberly M. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTSome chelonians, such as the gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus), spend much of their time underground in burrows. Often, they will retreat into these burrows when approached. This predator avoidance behavior may potentially influence the spatial use patterns that researchers directly observe via manual telemetry. In an effort to record the movements of gopher tortoises using affordable methods that reduce behavioral effects, we devised a novel application for Global Positioning System (GPS) loggers, specifically that of a low‐cost recreational unit that could be modified for extended deployment (~6 months) under gopher tortoise‐conditions. We conducted a stationary testing study of these GPS loggers whereby they were deployed at specific depths (0.5 m, 1.0 m, and 2.0 m) inside inactive burrows and on the surface at our study site in southeastern Georgia, USA, during summer 2017. This stationary trial allowed us to characterize the effect of burrow depth on GPS fix success rate (FSR), mean location error (µLE), and root mean square of the location error (LERMS). We found that µLE and LERMS increased with increasing depth underground; µLE ranged from 17.34 m on the surface to 69.98 m at the 2.0‐m depth. However, following exclusion of LE outliers >3 standard deviations from each treatment mean, LERMS decreased to 8.6 m at the surface to 40.46 m at the 2.0‐m depth. The FSR varied by burrow depth from 0.51 (2.0‐m depth) to 0.99 (surface). Additionally, we provide our attachment and deployment methods as used for studying the spatial ecology of the gopher tortoise with modified recreational GPS loggers. Overall, the modified GPS loggers performed well, obtaining 146,118 successful GPS fixes on 38 individual gopher tortoises during 84 unique deployments, each approximately 3.5–6 months in duration. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Surgery for patellar dislocation has evolved towards anatomical reconstructions with assessment and treatment of anatomical risk factors
Authors: Uimonen Mikko M. , Repo Jussi P. , Huttunen Tuomas T. , Nurmi Heikki , Mattila Ville M. , Paloneva Juha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeIncreasing knowledge on the treatment of patellar dislocation has resulted in the development of new surgical techniques for patella stabilisation. National incidence and trends in surgery for patellar dislocation were examined using data from the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register (NHDR). The hypothesis was that an increased understanding of the pathophysiology of patellar instability has increased the popularity of reconstructing damaged structures and modification of anatomical risk factors.MethodsData from the years 1997–2016 were collected from the NHDR database using ICD-10 diagnostic codes and the Nomesco Classification of Surgical Procedures (NCSP) codes. Surgical procedures were categorised into subgroups representing the main surgical approaches of patellar dislocation. Total incidence of surgery for patellar dislocation and change in incidence during the study period were calculated.ResultsA total of 9702 operations for patellar dislocation were performed during the study period. Median (IQR) patient age at time of primary surgery was 23 (18–34) years. The total incidence of surgeries remained stable across the study period at of 8.9 per 100,000 person-years. Incidences of ligament reconstruction, femoral osteotomies and osteochondral fragment reimplantation operations multiplied during the study period. Ligament reconstruction procedures were the most performed operations at the end of the study period.ConclusionThe incidence of surgical procedures for patellar dislocation remained unchanged during the years 1997–2016. Ligament reconstruction procedures increased in popularity. Surgical techniques have shifted towards the reconstruction of damaged structures and the modification of congenital anatomical risk factors for patellar dislocation. Diversified surgical techniques have enabled the tailoring and combining of stabilizing procedures according to the patient’s individual anatomy.
A three-stage quality diagnosis platform for laser-based manufacturing processes
Authors: Stavropoulos Panagiotis , Papacharalampopoulos Alexios , Stavridis John , Sampatakakis Kyriakos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDiagnosis systems for laser processing are being integrated into industry. However, their readiness level is still questionable under the prism of the Industry’s 4.0 design principles for interoperability and intuitive technical assistance. This paper presents a novel multifunctional, web-based, real-time quality diagnosis platform, in the context of a laser welding application, fused with decision support, data visualization, storing, and post-processing functionalities. The platform’s core considers a quality assessment module, based upon a three-stage method which utilizes feature extraction and machine learning techniques for weld defect detection and quality prediction. A multisensorial configuration streams image data from the weld pool to the module in which a statistical and geometrical method is applied for selecting the input features for the classification model. A Hidden Markov Model is then used to fuse this information with earlier results for a decision to be made on the basis of maximum likelihood. The outcome is fed through web services in a tailored User Interface. The platform’s operation has been validated with real data.
Non-emptiness of the alpha-core: sufficient and necessary conditions
Authors: Basile Achille , Scalzo Vincenzo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe give sufficient and necessary conditions for the non-emptiness of the alpha-core in the setting of strategic games with non-ordered and discontinuous preferences. In order to prove our results, we can avoid the use of Scarf’s Theorem for NTU-games, by suitably appealing to the Ky Fan minimax inequality. Examples clarify our conditions and allow the comparison of our results with the previous ones.
Gegenbauer and Other Planar Orthogonal Polynomials on an Ellipse in the Complex Plane
Authors: Akemann Gernot , Nagao Taro , Parra Iván , Vernizzi Graziano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe show that several families of classical orthogonal polynomials on the real line are also orthogonal on the interior of an ellipse in the complex plane, subject to a weighted planar Lebesgue measure. In particular these include Gegenbauer polynomials $$C_n^{(1+\alpha )}(z)$$

C
n

(
1
+
α
)

(
z
)

for $$\alpha >-1$$

α
>
-
1

containing the Legendre polynomials $$P_n(z)$$

P
n

(
z
)

and the subset $$P_n^{(\alpha +\frac{1}{2},\pm \frac{1}{2})}(z)$$

P
n

(
α
+

1
2

,
±

1
2

)

(
z
)

of the Jacobi polynomials. These polynomials provide an orthonormal basis and the corresponding weighted Bergman space forms a complete metric space. This leads to a certain family of Selberg integrals in the complex plane. We recover the known orthogonality of Chebyshev polynomials of the first up to fourth kind. The limit $$\alpha \rightarrow \infty $$

α
→
∞

leads back to the known Hermite polynomials orthogonal in the entire complex plane. When the ellipse degenerates to a circle we obtain the weight function and monomials known from the determinantal point process of the ensemble of truncated unitary random matrices.
Mig1 localization exhibits biphasic behavior which is controlled by both metabolic and regulatory roles of the sugar kinases
Authors: Schmidt Gregor W. , Welkenhuysen Niek , Ye Tian , Cvijovic Marija , Hohmann Stefan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlucose, fructose and mannose are the preferred carbon/energy sources for the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Absence of preferred energy sources activates glucose derepression, which is regulated by the kinase Snf1. Snf1 phosphorylates the transcriptional repressor Mig1, which results in its exit from the nucleus and subsequent derepression of genes. In contrast, Snf1 is inactive when preferred carbon sources are available, which leads to dephosphorylation of Mig1 and its translocation to the nucleus where Mig1 acts as a transcription repressor. Here we revisit the role of the three hexose kinases, Hxk1, Hxk2 and Glk1, in glucose de/repression. We demonstrate that all three sugar kinases initially affect Mig1 nuclear localization upon addition of glucose, fructose and mannose. This initial import of Mig1 into the nucleus was temporary; for continuous nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Mig1, Hxk2 is required in the presence of glucose and mannose and in the presence of fructose Hxk2 or Hxk1 is required. Our data suggest that Mig1 import following exposure to preferred energy sources is controlled via two different pathways, where (1) the initial import is regulated by signals derived from metabolism and (2) continuous shuttling is regulated by the Hxk2 and Hxk1 proteins. Mig1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling appears to be important for the maintenance of the repressed state in which Hxk1/2 seems to play an essential role.
Designing everyday automation with well-being in mind
Authors: Klapperich Holger , Uhde Alarith , Hassenzahl Marc 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNowadays, automation not only permeates industry but also becomes a substantial part of our private, everyday lives. Driven by the idea of increased convenience and more time for the “important things in life,” automation relieves us from many daily chores—robots vacuum floors and automated coffee makers produce supposedly barista-quality coffee on the press of a button. In many cases, these offers are embraced by people without further questioning. However, while we save time by delegating more and more everyday activities to automation, we also may lose chances for enjoyable and meaningful experiences. In two field studies, we demonstrate that a manual process has experiential benefits over more automated processes by using the example of coffee-making. We present a way to account for potential experiential costs of everyday automation and strategies of how to design interaction with automation to reconcile experience with the advantages of a more and more powerful automation.
Comparative de novo transcriptome analysis of barley varieties with different malting qualities
Authors: Leišová-Svobodová Leona , Psota Vratislav , Stočes Štěpán , Vácha Petr , Kučera Ladislav 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBarley is one of the most important crops in the world. Barley is used as both food and feed and is important for malt production. Demands for malting quality differ among countries and customs. Malting quality is a complex characteristic involving barley genetics, the environmental conditions during barley growth, and the technological parameters of the malting process. In this study, the hypothesis was that there were no differences between two groups of barley varieties with different but defined malting qualities, which was tested using RNA sequencing during selected stages of malting. In total, 919 differentially transcribed genes between the two barley groups were identified and annotated. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were primarily assigned to gene ontology (GO) terms of oxidation-reduction process - oxidoreductase activity, response to stress, carbohydrate metabolic process, and proteolysis - hydrolase activity, and metal ion binding. Genes connected with the plasma membrane and its integral components also play important roles in malting quality. DEG profiles of selected genes in the three malting stages indicate a complex character of malting quality. Many single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions and deletions (indels) were identified. SNPs and indels with the best quality were used for primer design. After optimization and validation, five molecular markers were developed for use in barley breeding.
Environmental effects of tourism and its seasonality on Mediterranean islands: the contribution of the Interreg MED BLUEISLANDS project to build up an approach towards sustainable tourism
Authors: Andolina Cristina , Signa Geraldina , Tomasello Agostino , Mazzola Antonio , Vizzini Salvatrice 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Mediterranean basin is amongst the world’s main tourist destination, and its islands are a major attraction, being sites of historical, cultural and naturalistic importance. This is beneficial for the local economies, but it may also represent a great burden on the coastal environment, where other human pressures are concentrated. The awareness of detrimental side effects of tourism together with the importance to take into account social and economic facets has led to the concept of sustainable tourism, which, however, represents a goal far from being attained. A good opportunity to promote sustainable tourism was provided by the Interreg MED BLUEISLANDS project, whose main aim was to identify, address and mitigate the effects of the seasonal variation of waste generated by tourism on Mediterranean islands. Here, we present the methodological framework of the project aimed at biomonitoring coastal seawater in highly touristic sites using macroalgae as valuable bioindicators of seawater quality and improving its status through the implementation and assessment of mitigation measures that included also the involvement of stakeholders. Outcomes of the project highlighted the effectiveness of such an integrated approach, confirming the importance of choosing proper indicators and tools that can support the development of management plans aiming to mitigate environmental impact and foster sustainable tourism.
Online Reconfiguration of Distributed Robot Control Systems for Modular Robot Behavior Implementation
Authors: Wirkus Malte , Arnold Sascha , Berghöfer Elmar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of autonomous robots in areas that require executing a broad range of different tasks is currently hampered by the high complexity of the software that adapts the robot controller to different situations the robot would face. Current robot software frameworks facilitate implementing controllers for individual tasks with some variability, however, their possibilities for adapting the controllers at runtime are very limited and don’t scale with the requirements of a highly versatile autonomous robot. With the software presented in this paper, the behavior of robots is implemented modularly by composing individual controllers, between which it is possible to switch freely at runtime, since the required transitions are calculated automatically. Thereby the software developer is relieved of the task to manually implement and maintain the transitions between different operational modes of the robot, what largely reduces software complexity for larger amounts of different robot behaviors. The software is realized by a model-based development approach. We will present the metamodels enabling the modeling of the controllers as well as the runtime architecture for the management of the controllers on distributed computation hardware. Furthermore, this paper introduces an algorithm that calculates the transitions between two controllers. A series of technical experiments verifies the choice of the underlying middleware and the performance of online controller reconfiguration. A further experiment demonstrates the applicability of the approach to real robotics applications.