bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of crystal structure and magnetic properties of strontium substituted bismuth ferrite thin films
Authors: Pani Tapan Kumar , Sundaray Bibekananda 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Thin films of Bi(1−x)Sr
x
FeO3 (X = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30) are synthesized on ultra-cleaned glass substrates by simple spray pyrolysis method at 550 °C. The crystal structures of the thin films are investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The Rietveld refinement data for all the thin films are confirmed a single-phase ABO3 type of rhombohedral structure belonging to the R3c space group. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis reveals the size of grains from hexagonal to spherical shape with the addition of Sr doping. The vibrational modes are studied by Raman spectroscopy. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis unravels the influence of Sr2+ in the creation of Fe2+ defects and oxygen vacancies. The room temperature magnetic measurements of the thin films are carried out within a magnetic field range of ±10 kOe. Magnetic hysteresis loop confirms a significant increase in magnetization in Sr modified bismuth ferrite thin films. The composition i.e. X = 0.20 shows maximum enhancement of magnetic properties with saturation and Remanent magnetization values of 5.99 emu g−1 and 1.77 emu g−1, respectively.
High performance of filter capacitor based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube supercapacitor
Authors: Zhang Dazhi , Guan Yuzhu , Ji Peiyuan , Lin Shiquan , Zheng Xueli , Pu Xianjie , Liu Wenlin , Yang Renyu , Hu Chenguo , Xi Yi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The high-performance filter capacitor is a hot research topic in the field of filter circuits for flexible and wearable devices, whereas traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors still experience widespread problems in terms of large error factors and poor stability. To avoid these disadvantages, in this work, we have developed a liquid dual-layer supercapacitor (SC). When it is employed as the filter capacitor in a filter circuit, any waveform signal can be transformed into a linear signal. The maximum fluctuation of the output signal is less than 16 mV; the SC also demonstrates excellent filtering stability in a frequency range of 1 ∼ 100 000 Hz, as well as an amplitude window of 0 ∼ 10 V. In this framework, our filter SC demonstrates unparalleled processing properties, and can greatly improve the stability and extend the lifetime of the entire electronic circuit. The fact that the requirements of high-end electronic products can be fulfilled due to the contribution of this filter SC are particularly significant.
Single-point blow-up in the Cauchy problem for the higher-dimensional Keller–Segel system
Authors: Winkler Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Cauchy problem in

R

n

for the Keller–Segel system

u

t

=
Δ
u
−
∇
⋅

(

u
∇
v

)

,

v

t

=
Δ
v
−
v
+
u
,

is considered for n ⩾ 3. Using a basic theory of local existence and maximal extensibility of classical and spatially integrable solutions as a starting point, the study provides a result on the occurrence of finite-time blow-up within considerably large sets of radially symmetric initial data, and moreover verifies that any such explosion exclusively occurs at the spatial origin. The detection of blow-up is accomplished by analyzing a relative of the well-known Keller–Segel energy inequality, involving a modification of the corresponding energy functional which, unlike the latter, can be seen to be favourably controlled from below by the corresponding dissipation rate through a certain functional inequality along trajectories.
Self-focusing of linearly-polarized laser beam in the semi-bounded magnetized warm plasma: competition of right- and left-hand circularly-polarized modes
Authors: Sepehri Javan Nasser , Roozehdar Mogaddam Ramin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this theoretical work, we study the non-linear propagation of a linearly-polarized laser beam, which is normally incident on the surface of semi-bounded magnetized warm plasma. Inside the plasma, the linearly-polarized laser beam is considered as a combination of system modes, i.e. right- and left-hand circularly-polarized modes that each behave differently. Based on a perturbative method, coupled non-linear wave equations are derived for these modes, and the problem of self-focusing is investigated. It is demonstrated that laser frequency has an essential impact on the non-linear dynamics of modes. At the frequency area where both modes can propagate, the right- and left-hand modes’ behavior is different in comparison with the uncoupled propagation of individual modes. In this case, an increase in the external magnetic field improves the focusing property of both modes.
High-energy ballistic electrons in low-pressure radio-frequency plasmas
Authors: Fu Yangyang , Zheng Bocong , Wen De-Qi , Zhang Peng , Fan Qi Hua , Verboncoeur John P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This work demonstrates the presence of a small number of high-energy ballistic electrons (HEBEs) that originate from secondary electrons in low-pressure radio-frequency (rf) plasmas. The kinetic behaviors of the HEBEs are illustrated through electron energy probability functions from the fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, showing two wavy high-energy tails and two bifurcations during one rf cycle. Test-particle simulations and a semi-analytical method associated with nonlocal electron kinetics are performed to characterize the HEBE trajectories, which reveal the ballistic nature of the HEBEs and their typical bouncing features between the rf sheaths. Parameter dependence of the HEBEs on the discharge conditions (e.g., gas pressure, gap distance, and rf frequency) are identified, which is relevant to the plasma collisionality. With a pronounced presence of HEBEs, the overall impacts of the secondary electron emission on discharge parameters, such as electron power absorption and ionization rate, are also illustrated.
Carrier dynamics and recombination in silicon doped InAs/GaAs quantum dot solar cells with AlAs cap layers
Authors: Kondratenko S , Kozak O , Rozouvan S , Mazur Yu I , Maidaniuk Y , Wu J , Wu S , Wang Zh M , Chan S , Kim D , Liu H , Salamo G J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The effects of doping InAs quantum dots (QDs) with Si on charge carrier dynamics and recombination in the InAs/GaAs QD solar cells (QDSCs) with AlAs cap layers was investigated. Non-radiative and radiative recombination paths in the doped cells were identified by changes in emission intensity, long-wavelength photovoltage (PV) as well as time-resolved PV and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. We find that the reduction of long-wavelength PV and PL with n-doping is due to the electron population of the QD ground states (GSs) and shrinkage of the depletion layer. The time constants, derived from the time-resolved PV, grow non-monotonically with increasing of the doping density in the QDs due to redistribution of electrostatic potential in the intrinsic region of p-i-n diode and electron population of EL2 defect states of GaAs barriers. We also find that the GS emission from the InAs QDs decreases with n-doping. The results show that PL traces depend on carrier dynamic in the top QD layers populated partially with electrons from ionized impurities, whereas PV transients were found to be strongly dependent on recombination via QD and defect states located outside the depletion layer. We conclude that the non-radiative recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes via defects is suppressed due to the spatial separation by the local electric fields in and around doped AlAs/InAs QDs, as the potential profile of the intrinsic region is modulated spatially by built-in charges. The interpretation of experimental data suggests limiting mechanisms in the InAs/GaAs QDSCs operation and sheds light on possible approaches for their further improvement.
A record-high trapped field of 5.6 T in the stacking of MgB2/TiB2 composite bulks prepared by an in-situ hot isostatic pressing method
Authors: Naito Tomoyuki , Takahashi Yuhei , Awaji Satoshi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We have studied the trapped field properties of triple and double stacking of

M
g

B
2

/

T
i

B
2

composite superconductor bulks magnetized by field-cooled magnetization. The triple-stacked

M
g

B
2

/

T
i

B
2

bulks trapped a magnetic field of 5.58 T successfully at 11.3 K, which was only 0.18 T but evidently higher than the world record trapped field of 5.4 T among

M
g

B
2

bulk magnets. We also found a potential ability of the present

M
g

B
2

/

T
i

B
2

bulks trapping a 7-T class magnetic field at low temperatures below 4.2 K, although the FCM experiments at both 2.2 and 4.2 K were disturbed by the flux jumps.
Development of a transition-edge sensor bilayer process providing new modalities for critical temperature control
Authors: Weber Joel C , Morgan Kelsey M , Yan Daikang , Pappas Christine G , Wessels Abigail L , O’Neil Galen C , Bennett Doug A , Hilton Gene C , Swetz Daniel S , Ullom Joel N , Schmidt Daniel R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Transition-edge sensors (TESs) are thermal detectors in which a superconducting film that is electrically biased in the superconducting-to-normal transition is used as a thermometer. In most TESs, the film is a superconductor-normal metal bilayer where the two materials and their thicknesses are chosen to achieve various specifications including the transition temperature Tc
. Traditionally, the materials in the bilayer are deposited in sequence without breaking vacuum in order to achieve a clean, uniform bilayer interface at the wafer-scale. This approach leads to constraints in material properties, fabrication techniques and, ultimately, TES designs. To overcome these constraints, we have developed a bilayer fabrication process that allows the layers to be deposited and patterned separately with an exposure to atmosphere between the deposition steps. We demonstrate better than 6% transition-temperature uniformity across a 7.6 cm (3 in) substrate and present satisfactory spectra from TES x-ray detectors fabricated in this fashion. We show how the new hybrid additive-subtractive TES fabrication process creates new design possibilities, including broad tuning of Tc
across a substrate with a single bilayer thickness.
From single-particle stochastic kinetics to macroscopic reaction rates: fastest first-passage time of N random walkers
Authors: Grebenkov Denis S , Metzler Ralf , Oshanin Gleb 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We consider the first-passage problem for N identical independent particles that are initially released uniformly in a finite domain Ω and then diffuse toward a reactive area Γ, which can be part of the outer boundary of Ω or a reaction centre in the interior of Ω. For both cases of perfect and partial reactions, we obtain the explicit formulas for the first two moments of the fastest first-passage time (fFPT), i.e., the time when the first out of the N particles reacts with Γ. Moreover, we investigate the full probability density of the fFPT. We discuss a significant role of the initial condition in the scaling of the average fFPT with the particle number N, namely, a much stronger dependence (1/N and 1/N
2 for partially and perfectly reactive targets, respectively), in contrast to the well known inverse-logarithmic behaviour found when all particles are released from the same fixed point. We combine analytic solutions with scaling arguments and stochastic simulations to rationalise our results, which open new perspectives for studying the relevance of multiple searchers in various situations of molecular reactions, in particular, in living cells.
A minimal model for household effects in epidemics
Authors: Huber Greg , Kamb Mason , Kawagoe Kyle , Li Lucy M , Veytsman Boris , Yllanes David , Zigmond Dan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Shelter-in-place and other confinement strategies implemented in the current COVID-19 pandemic have created stratified patterns of contacts between people: close contacts within households and more distant contacts between the households. The epidemic transmission dynamics is significantly modified as a consequence. We introduce a minimal model that incorporates these household effects in the framework of mean-field theory and numerical simulations. We show that the reproduction number R
0 depends on the household size in a surprising way: linearly for relatively small households, and as a square root of size for larger households. We discuss the implications of the findings for the lockdown, test, tracing, and isolation policies.
In search of infall motion in molecular clumps II: HCO+ (1–0) and HCN (1–0) observations toward a sub-sample of infall candidates
Authors: Yang Yang , Jiang Zhi-Bo , Chen Zhi-Wei , Zhang Shao-Bo , Yu Shu-Ling , Ao Yi-Ping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Gravitational accretion accumulates the original mass. This process is crucial for us to understand the initial phases of star formation. Using the specific infall profiles in optically thick and thin lines, we searched the clumps with infall motion from the Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP) CO data in previous work. In this study, we selected 133 sources as a sub-sample for further research and identification. The excitation temperatures of these sources are between 7.0 and 38.5 K, while the H2 column densities are between 1021 and 1023 cm−2. We have observed optically thick lines HCO+ (1–0) and HCN (1–0) using the DLH 13.7-m telescope, and found 56 sources with a blue profile and no red profile in these two lines, which are likely to have infall motions, with a detection rate of 42%. This suggests that using CO data to restrict the sample can effectively improve the infall detection rate. Among these confirmed infall sources are 43 associated with Class 0/I young stellar objects (YSOs), and 13 which are not. These 13 sources are probably associated with the sources in the earlier evolutionary stage. In comparison, the confirmed sources that are associated with Class 0/I YSOs have higher excitation temperatures and column densities, while the other sources are colder and have lower column densities. Most infall velocities of the sources that we confirmed are between 10−1 to 100 km s−1, which is consistent with previous studies.
Recognition of FAST reflector nodes based on Canny operator
Authors: Tang Wei , Zhu Li-Chun , Wang Qi-Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The reflector system of Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) is designed as 4450 rigid panels supported by a flexible cable-net structure. We use 10 total stations to measure 2225 nodes of the cable-net and then control the shape of the reflectors. Every time, it takes at least 35 minutes to finish the calibration of the whole cable-net once. It is indeed far too inefficient. Thus, we developed a set of highly efficient instrument CRRS (CCD Rotation Ranging System). It is based on photogrammetry and can finish the measurement in 1 minute. However, the target we used in CRRS is active target, and it has serious electromagnetic interference problems to affect the use of FAST. Take the above reasons into consideration, we plan to identify the nodes by taking the gap between the reflector panels as the feature condition. The new method can take the place of active targets to finish the measuring task. The present work focuses on the following aspects. First, combined with the characteristics of FAST reflector images, the representative algorithms of image edge detection are discussed. Second, the process of node extraction is introduced in detail so that we know that it works. In addition, experimental results are given to draw a conclusion so that Canny algorithm was used for continuous research of reflector edge detection.
High density carbon fiber arrays for chronic electrophysiology, fast scan cyclic voltammetry, and correlative anatomy
Authors: Patel Paras R , Popov Pavlo , Caldwell Ciara M , Welle Elissa J , Egert Daniel , Pettibone Jeffrey R , Roossien Douglas H , Becker Jill B , Berke Joshua D , Chestek Cynthia A , Cai Dawen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective. Multimodal measurements at the neuronal level allow for detailed insight into local circuit function. However, most behavioral studies focus on one or two modalities and are generally limited by the available technology. Approach. Here, we show a combined approach of electrophysiology recordings, chemical sensing, and histological localization of the electrode tips within tissue. The key enabling technology is the underlying use of carbon fiber electrodes, which are small, electrically conductive, and sensitive to dopamine. The carbon fibers were functionalized by coating with Parylene C, a thin insulator with a high dielectric constant, coupled with selective re-exposure of the carbon surface using laser ablation. Main results. We demonstrate the use of this technology by implanting 16 channel arrays in the rat nucleus accumbens. Chronic electrophysiology and dopamine signals were detected 1 month post implant. Additionally, electrodes were left in the tissue, sliced in place during histology, and showed minimal tissue damage. Significance. Our results validate our new technology and methods, which will enable a more comprehensive circuit level understanding of the brain.
Two-component source to explain

ΛandΛ¯

global polarization in non-central heavy-ion collisions
Authors: Ayala A , Cuautle E , Domínguez I , Maldonado I , Salinas J , Tejeda-Yeomans M E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The STAR Beam Energy Scan program has found a difference in the global polarization of

Λ

s and

Λ
¯

s produced in Au + Au collisions. This difference is larger for lower center of mass collision energies. In this work we show that a two-component source, consisting of a high density core and a lower density corona, can describe quantitatively the

Λ

and

Λ
¯

polarizations as a function of collision energy.
The atomic damping basis and the collective decay of interacting two-level atoms
Authors: Alvarez-Giron W , Barberis-Blostein P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We find analytical solutions to the evolution of interacting two-level atoms when the master equation is symmetric under the permutation of atomic labels. The master equation includes atomic independent dissipation. The method to obtain the solutions is: first, we use the system symmetries to describe the evolution in an operator space whose dimension grows polynomially with the number of atoms. Second, we expand the solutions in a basis composed of eigenvectors of the dissipative part of the master equation that models the independent dissipation of the atoms. This atomic damping basis is an atomic analog to the damping basis used for bosonic fields Briegel and Englert (1993 Phys. Rev. A 47 3311–29). The solutions show that the system decays as a sum of sub- and super-radiant exponential terms.
Shrinkage and Swelling of Greek Chestnut Wood (CastaneaSativaMill.) in Relation to Extractives Presence
Authors: Chavenetidou M , Kakavas K V , Birbilis D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The study of various woods shrinkage is of particular practical importance because the wood’s property to shrink and swell with the adsorption or absorption of moisture from the atmosphere is a main cause of many defects that occur in wood and furniture during weather conditions changing. In the present study, measurements of the shrinkage of chestnut coppice wood samples were performed before and after extraction. The extraction was carried out with hot water for 6 and 12 days. Afterwards, the dry density, radial and tangential shrinkage were determined both in air-dry conditions and in absolute dry conditions. Moreover, the fiber saturation point was determined for the selected samples. The most significant result arrived from this study is that, now, in conjunction with the other researches have been made, there is enough evidence for chestnut wood from Mediterranean coppice forests, to claim that maximum radial shrinkage is about 3.83% (ranging from 3.40% - 4.12%) and maximum tangential shrinkage is about 6.58% (ranging from 6.21% - 8.20%).
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the extracts of palm date seeds (phoenix dactylifera L.) and its application in increasing the anti-inflammatory effect of piroxicam drug
Authors: Sirry Shadia M , Ali Samah , Abdelaziz Amany , Mohamed Amr 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A simple, cost-effective and eco-friendly synthesis technique of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extracts of palm date seeds (DS) and their applicability in the biomedical field have been developed. Palm date seeds (DS) were used as reducing and stabilising agents in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Different preparation techniques have been tested for the green-synthesis of AgNPs using DS extracted by different solvent media at different conditions. The solvents used were water, boiling water, acidic media, alkaline media, methanol and ethanol. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed using surface plasmon resonance band (SPR) at λ = 450 nm. Water and alkaline DS extracts have given high absorbance of well-defined SPR band. On contrary, acidic extracts have given random SPR with weak absorbance. DS extracts obtained using boiling water have shown small and broad absorbance of SPR band. It was found that the formation of AgNPs in water was more efficient than in methanol and ethanol. AgNPs were characterised by TEM. In addition, AgNPs have been used as a carrier for piroxicam anti-inflammatory drug and were characterised using FTIR. The anti-inflammatory effect of piroxicam-loaded AgNPs has been studied using the inhibition of albumin denaturation and has shown a considerable increase in protein denaturation inhibition (34.1% I) if compared to the standard piroxicam’s 19.9% inhibition.
Biosynthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles and their application for antimicrobial treatment of burn wound infections
Authors: Wang Peng , Jiang Lei , Han Rongxia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The current study demonstrated the green fabrication of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using the leaf extract of Coleus amboinicus (C. amboinicus) by an environment-friendly method. The leaf extract of C. amboinicus acts as capping and reducing agent during the fabrication of ZnO NPs. The prepared ZnO NPs were characterized by utilizing analytical techniques such as photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) and x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The XRD pattern confirmed the formation of polydisperse ZnO NPs having crystalline nature. The FTIR spectrum demonstrated the biomolecular capping on the surface of zinc oxide nanoparticles. The prepared ZnO NPs displayed excellent antimicrobial activities over several gram positive and gram-negative microbial pathogens. Further, wound healing studies in rats revealed that wound closure rate was greater in the ZnO NPs treated rats at all doses when related with the untreated group (negative control group), therefore, this indicates the effective wound healing ability of prepared ZnO NPs.