bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HGF Mediates Clinical‐Grade Human Umbilical Cord‐Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Functional Recovery in a Senescence‐Accelerated Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Jia Yali , Cao Ning , Zhai Jinglei , Zeng Quan , Zheng Pei , Su Ruyu , Liao Tuling , Liu Jiajing , Pei Haiyun , Fan Zeng , Zhou Junnian , Xi Jiafei , He Lijuan , Chen Lin , Nan Xue , Yue Wen , Pei Xuetao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStem cells have emerged as a potential therapy for a range of neural insults, but their application in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still limited and the mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of stem cells remain to be elucidated. Here, the effects of clinical‐grade human umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC‐MSCs) on the recovery of cognitive ability in SAMP8 mice, a senescence‐accelerated mouse model of AD is explored. A functional assay identifies that the core functional factor hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) secreted from hUC‐MSCs plays critical roles in hUC‐MSC‐modulated recovery of damaged neural cells by down‐regulating hyperphosphorylated tau, reversing spine loss, and promoting synaptic plasticity in an AD cell model. Mechanistically, structural and functional recovery, as well as cognitive enhancements elicited by exposure to hUC‐MSCs, are at least partially mediated by HGF in the AD hippocampus through the activation of the cMet‐AKT‐GSK3β signaling pathway. Taken together, these data strongly implicate HGF in mediating hUC‐MSC‐induced improvements in functional recovery in AD models.
Porous Pt Nanospheres Incorporated with GOx to Enable Synergistic Oxygen‐Inductive Starvation/Electrodynamic Tumor Therapy
Authors: Lu Zijie , Gao JiaYu , Fang Chao , Zhou Yi , Li Xiang , Han Gaorong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlucose‐oxidase (GOx)‐mediated starvation by consuming intracellular glucose has aroused extensive exploration as an advanced approach for tumor treatment. However, this reaction of catalytic oxidation by GOx is highly dependent on the on‐site oxygen content, and thus starvation therapy often suffers unexpected anticancer outcomes due to the intrinsic tumorous hypoxia. Herein, porous platinum nanospheres (pPts), incorporated with GOx molecules (PtGs), are synthesized to enable synergistic cancer therapy. In this system, GOx can effectively catalyze the oxidation of glucose to generate H2O2, while pPt triggers the decomposition of both endogenous and exogenous H2O2 to produce considerable content of O2 to facilitate the glucose consumption by GOx. Meanwhile, pPt induces remarkable content of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) under an alternating electric field, leading to cellular oxidative stress injury and promotes apoptosis following the mechanism of electrodynamic therapy (EDT). In consequence, the PtG nanocomposite exhibits significant anticancer effect both in vitro and in vivo. This study has therefore demonstrated a fascinating therapeutic platform enabling oxygen‐inductive starvation/EDT synergistic strategy for effective tumor treatment.
Toward a Reversible Mn4+/Mn2+ Redox Reaction and Dendrite‐Free Zn Anode in Near‐Neutral Aqueous Zn/MnO2 Batteries via Salt Anion Chemistry
Authors: Zeng Xiaohui , Liu Jiatu , Mao Jianfeng , Hao Junnan , Wang Zhijie , Zhou Si , Ling Chris D. , Guo Zaiping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRechargeable aqueous Zn/MnO2 batteries are very attractive large‐scale energy storage technologies, but still suffer from limited cycle life and low capacity. Here the novel adoption of a near‐neutral acetate‐based electrolyte (pH ≈ 6) is presented to promote the two‐electron Mn4+/Mn2+ redox reaction and simultaneously enable a stable Zn anode. The acetate anion triggers a highly reversible MnO2/Mn2+ reaction, which ensures high capacity and avoids the issue of structural collapse of MnO2. Meanwhile, the anode‐friendly electrolyte enables a dendrite‐free Zn anode with outstanding stability and high plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency (99.8%). Hence, a high capacity of 556 mA h g−1, a lifetime of 4000 cycles without decay, and excellent rate capability up to 70 mA cm−2 are demonstated in this new near‐neutral aqueous Zn/MnO2 battery by simply manipulating the salt anion in the electrolyte. The acetate anion not only modifies the surface properties of MnO2 cathode but also creates a highly compatible environment for the Zn anode. This work provides a new opportunity for developing high‐performance Zn/MnO2 and other aqueous batteries based on the salt anion chemistry.
Sodium‐Ion Batteries Paving the Way for Grid Energy Storage
Authors: Hirsh Hayley S. , Li Yixuan , Tan Darren H. S. , Zhang Minghao , Zhao Enyue , Meng Y. Shirley 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe recent proliferation of renewable energy generation offers mankind hope, with regard to combatting global climate change. However, reaping the full benefits of these renewable energy sources requires the ability to store and distribute any renewable energy generated in a cost‐effective, safe, and sustainable manner. As such, sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) have been touted as an attractive storage technology due to their elemental abundance, promising electrochemical performance and environmentally benign nature. Moreover, new developments in sodium battery materials have enabled the adoption of high‐voltage and high‐capacity cathodes free of rare earth elements such as Li, Co, Ni, offering pathways for low‐cost NIBs that match their lithium counterparts in energy density while serving the needs for large‐scale grid energy storage. In this essay, a range of battery chemistries are discussed alongside their respective battery properties while keeping metrics for grid storage in mind. Matters regarding materials and full cell cost, supply chain and environmental sustainability are discussed, with emphasis on the need to eliminate several elements (Li, Ni, Co) from NIBs. Future directions for research are also discussed, along with potential strategies to overcome obstacles in battery safety and sustainable recyclability.
Drought‐tolerant transcription factors identified inArachis dardaniandArachis ipaënsis
Authors: Cason J. M. , Simpson C. E. , Rooney W. L. , Brady J. A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, a greenhouse transcriptome study with 7‐d‐imposed drought was conducted onArachis dardaniKrapov. & W.C. Greg. (GK 12946) and the reference speciesA. ipaënsis(Krapov. and W.C. Greg.) (K 30076) (B genome donor of the cultivated peanut) to identify candidate genes associated with drought. Differential gene expression analysis (EdgeR Test) of the normalized reads per kilobase million (RPKM) values was conducted with a fold value ≥ |2| at theP ≤ .05 level using CLC Genomics Workbench v8.1. Statistically significant transcript levels associated with drought tolerance were identified in relation to the putative drought speciesA. dardaniGK 12946 and the reference speciesA. ipaënsisK 30076 which have not been reported previously in peanut and will serve as candidate genes for marker development and gene introgression in future research.
Complex movement disorder in a patient with heterozygous YY1 mutation (Gabriele‐de Vries syndrome)
Authors: Carminho‐Rodrigues Maria Teresa , Steel Dora , Sousa Sergio B. , Brandt Gregor , Guipponi Michel , Laurent Sacha , Fokstuen Siv , Moren Aurea , Zacharia André , Dirren Elisabeth , Oliveira Renata , Kurian Manju A. , Burkhard Pierre R. , Bally Julien F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractYY1 mutations cause Gabriele‐de Vries syndrome, a recently described condition involving cognitive impairment, facial dysmorphism and intrauterine growth restriction. Movement disorders were reported in 5/10 cases of the original series, but no detailed description was provided. Here we present a 21‐year‐old woman with a mild intellectual deficit, facial dysmorphism and a complex movement disorder including an action tremor, cerebellar ataxia, dystonia, and partial ocular apraxia as the presenting and most striking feature. Whole‐exome sequencing revealed a novel heterozygous de novo mutation in YY1 [NM: 003403.4 (YY1): c.907 T > C; p.(Cys303Arg)], classified as pathogenic according to the ACMG guidelines.
A One‐Pot Dearomative Approach to C4‐Alkylated Tetrahydropyridines and Tetrahydroquinolines
Authors: Dong Linru , Ma Xinyue , Fan Yu , Wang Dong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA regioselective one‐pot approach to the synthesis of C4‐alkylated tetrahydropyridines (THPs) and tetrahydroquinolines (THQs) by dearomatization of pyridines and quinolines has been developed. The transformation is achieved by the BF3 ⋅ OEt2‐mediated, C4‐selective addition of Grignard reagents, followed by a cascade of enamine protonation and the subsequent Et3SiH reduction of the resulting iminium ions. This protocol not only provides a facile synthetic approach to C4‐substituted THPs and THQs, but also offers a new strategy for the dearomatization of heteroaromatics.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Chlorocarbonylation of Aryl (Pseudo)Halides Through In Situ Generation of Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Boehm Philip , Roediger Sven , Bismuto Alessandro , Morandi Bill 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn efficient palladium‐catalyzed chlorocarbonylation of aryl (pseudo)halides that gives access to a wide range of carboxylic acid derivatives has been developed. The use of butyryl chloride as a combined CO and Cl source eludes the need for toxic, gaseous carbon monoxide, thus facilitating the synthesis of high‐value products from readily available aryl (pseudo)halides. The combination of palladium(0), Xantphos, and an amine base is essential to promote this broadly applicable catalytic reaction. Overall, this reaction provides access to a great variety of carbonyl‐containing products through in situ transformation of the generated aroyl chloride. Combined experimental and computational studies support a reaction mechanism involving in situ generation of CO.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclopropanone Equivalents and Application to the Formation of Chiral β‐Lactams
Authors: Poteat Christopher M. , Jang Yujin , Jung Myunggi , Johnson J. Drake , Williams Rachel G. , Lindsay Vincent N. G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCyclopropanone derivatives have long been considered unsustainable synthetic intermediates because of their extreme strain and kinetic instability. Reported here is the enantioselective synthesis of 1‐sulfonylcyclopropanols, as stable yet powerful equivalents of the corresponding cyclopropanone derivatives, by α‐hydroxylation of sulfonylcyclopropanes using a bis(silyl) peroxide as the electrophilic oxygen source. This work constitutes the first general approach to enantioenriched cyclopropanone derivatives. Both the electronic and steric nature of the sulfonyl moiety, which serves as a base‐labile protecting group and confers crystallinity to these cyclopropanone precursors, were found to have a crucial impact on the rate of equilibration to the corresponding cyclopropanone. The utility of these cyclopropanone surrogates is demonstrated in a mild and stereospecific formal [3+1] cycloaddition with simple hydroxylamines, leading to the efficient formation of chiral β‐lactam derivatives.
Anisotropic Electron Conductance Driven by Reaction Byproducts on a Porous Network of Dibromobenzothiadiazole on Cu(110)
Authors: Barragán Ana , Sarasola Ane , Vitali Lucia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEfficiency in charge‐transport is a fundamental but demanding prerequisite to allow better exploitation of molecular functionalities in organic electronics and energy‐conversion systems. Here, we report on a mechanism that enables a one‐dimensional conductance structure by connecting discrete molecular states at 2.1 eV through the pores of a metal–organic network on Cu(110). Two adjacent, periodic and isoenergetic contributions, namely a molecular resonance and the confined surface‐state, add‐up leading to anisotropic structures, as channels, observable in real‐space conductance images. The adsorption configurations of Br atoms, inorganic byproduct of the redox‐reacted 4,7‐dibromobenzo[c]‐1,2,5‐thiadiazole (2Br‐BTD) molecules on the copper surface, drive the confinement of the Cu surface state within the pores and critically control the channel continuity. Small displacements of the Br atoms change the local surface potential misaligning the energy levels. This work visualizes the effect of order‐disorder transitions caused by the movement of single atoms in the electronic properties of two‐dimensional organic networks.
Green‐Synthesized Nickel Nanoparticles on Reduced Graphene Oxide as an Active and Selective Catalyst for Suzuki and Glaser‐Hay Coupling Reactions
Authors: Murugan Karthik , Nainamalai Devarajan , Kanagaraj Pavithara , Nagappan Saravana Ganesan , Palaniswamy Suresh 
Published: July 2020

A mild and benign methodology to syntheses biaryls and 1,3‐diynes has been demonstrated using the nickel nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide (RGO‐Ni) as a heterogeneous catalyst which is prepared using green reagents. A series of substituted biaryls and 1,3‐diynes has been synthesised in good to excellent yields through C‐C homocoupling reaction of arylboronic acids and terminal alkynes respectively using 1,4‐dioxane as a benign solvent. The present ligand‐free catalytic system proceeds smoothly under mild conditions, avoids noble and stoichiometric metal reagents and tolerates sensitive functional groups. Also has a wide substrate scope and feasible with other nitrogen and sulphur containing heteroaryl boronic acids. Hot filtration test unambiguously proves the true heterogeneity of the catalyst and which support for the further reusability of the catalyst for several times without any change in the activity. The easy preparation and simple magnetic separation, stability and reusability reveal that as‐prepared RGO‐Ni as a versatile catalyst for the synthesis of polyaromatic compounds both in academia and industries.Highlights

Green‐synthesized RGO‐Ni nanocomposite used as a heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki type (C‐C) and Glaser–Hay (C ≡ C) homocoupling coupling reactions.
Ligand‐free catalytic system and avoids noble and stoichiometric metal reagents
Short reaction time with a minimum catalyst (nickel) loading
RGO‐Ni nanocomposite is highly stable, reusable, and magnetically retrievable
A generic framework to assess the representation and protection of benthic ecosystems in European marine protected areas
Authors: Greathead Clare , Magni Paolo , Vanaverbeke Jan , Buhl‐Mortensen Lene , Janas Urszula , Blomqvist Mats , Craeymeersch Johan A. , Dannheim Jennifer , Darr Alexander , Degraer Steven , Desroy Nicolas , Donnay Annick , Griffiths Yessica , Guala Ivan , Guerin Laurent , Hinchen Hayley , Labrune Celine , Reiss Henning , Van Hoey Gert , Birchenough Silvana N.R. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

There is concern across the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) region that a consideration of vulnerable components and the wider support mechanisms underpinning benthic marine ecosystems may be lacking from the process of marine protected area (MPA) designation, management and monitoring.
In this study, MPAs across six European ecoregions were assessed from a benthic ecology perspective. The study included 102 MPAs, designated by 10 countries, and focused on three aspects regarding the role of the benthos in: (i) the designation of MPAs; (ii) the management measures used in MPAs; and (iii) the monitoring and assessment of MPAs.
Qualitative entries to a questionnaire based on an existing framework (EU project ‘Monitoring Evaluation of Spatially Managed Areas’, (MESMA) were collected by 19 benthic experts of the ICES Benthic Ecology Working Group. A pedigree matrix was used to apply a numerical scale (score) to these entries.
The results showed clear differences in scores between ecoregions and between criteria. The designation‐phase criteria generally achieved higher scores than the implementation‐phase criteria. Poor designation‐phase scores were generally reiterated in the implementation‐phase scores, such as scores for assessment and monitoring.
Over 70% of the MPA case studies were found to consider the benthos to some extent during selection and designation; however, this was not followed up with appropriate management measures and good practice during the implementation phase.
Poor spatial and temporal coverage of monitoring and ineffective indicators is unlikely to pick up changes caused by management measures in the MPA. There is concern that without adequate monitoring and adaptive management frameworks, the MPAs will be compromised. Also, there could be an increased likelihood that, with regard to the benthos, they will fail to meet their conservation objectives.
This assessment was successful in highlighting issues related to the representation and protection of the benthos in MPAs and where changes need to be made, such as expanding the characterization and monitoring of benthic species or habitats of interest. These issues could be attributable to an ongoing process and/or an indication that some MPAs only have ‘paper protection’.
Components of attentional effort for repeated tasks
Authors: Musalem Andres , Montoya Ricardo , Meißner Martin , Huber Joel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper identifies four attentional processes that increase efficiency and accuracy in repeated lexicographic tasks using an instructed strategy approach. We propose a framework to decompose attentional effort used to make a decision into four components: Orientation, Wrong Target, Duration, and Repetition. Orientation assesses attention to decision rules and the location of relevant information. Wrong Target measures wasted effort on unneeded information. Duration gauges time spent on each piece of needed information. Repetition measures the number of views on each relevant item. Greater Orientation is associated with lower effort in other components and increased accuracy. Repetition is most variable across individuals but generates the greatest improvement with practice. Duration is less affected by the other components and shows minimal improvement with experience. Finally, Wrong Target is similarly resistant to practice, but it is the only component strongly and positively associated with making errors.
Bauwerksuntersuchung mit Ultraschall
Authors: Schulze Sebastian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDas Ultraschallechoverfahren ist das jüngste Verfahren in der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung im Bauwesen (ZfPBau), das sich in der Baupraxis durchsetzen konnte. Ob Qualitätssicherung im Neubau oder Istzustanderfassung im Bestand, Ultraschall bietet Möglichkeiten bei der Darstellung tief unter der Betonoberfläche liegender Einbauteile und Grenzflächen – wie Bewehrung, Hüllrohre, Ablösungen/Fehlstellen, Bauteilrückseiten –, die mit anderen Verfahren nicht realisierbar sind.Dieser Beitrag zeigt anhand von zwei ganz unterschiedlichen Beispielen aus der jüngeren Baupraxis eindrucksvoll das Potenzial und die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Verfahrens. An einem Neubau war es möglich, unter Einsatz von Ultraschallecho den durch Einbau einer falschen Betoncharge augenscheinlich beträchtlichen Schadensumfang deutlich einzugrenzen und damit die Beseitigungskosten erheblich zu reduzieren. An einer Bestandsbrücke aus Spannbeton konnten für die Rückbaustatik die Lage sowie der Verpresszustand von Spanngliedern – stichprobenartig endoskopisch verifiziert – sicher festgestellt werden.Der Beitrag soll dazu dienen, die Praxistauglichkeit des Ultraschallechoverfahrens und dessen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten einer breiteren Öffentlichkeit näherzubringen und einen tieferen Blick auf Anwendungsmöglichkeiten vermitteln.
Beton: Material und Formgebung in der Baupraxis
Authors: Bollinger Klaus , Grohmann Manfred 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStefan Polónyi war bei der Gründung unseres Büros eines unserer Vorbilder und wir fühlen uns bis heute durch ihn motiviert und inspiriert. Sein ganzheitlicher Denkansatz hat unser Selbstverständnis als Tragwerksplaner geprägt und somit auch die Entwicklung unseres Büros nachhaltig beeinflusst.Vor diesem Hintergrund möchten wir am Beispiel einiger ausgesuchter Projekte die Entwicklung unserer Arbeit nachvollziehen. Damit verbunden möchten wir auch die Fortschritte in der digitalen Planung dokumentieren und aufzeigen, wie sich durch die fortschreitende Digitalisierung insbesondere die Zusammenarbeit von Architekten und Bauingenieuren in Richtung von Stefan Polónyis Denkweise verändert hat.
Das Institut für Leichtbau Entwerfen und Konstruieren ILEK: Über 100 Jahre Forschung im Stahlbetonbau
Authors: Blandini Lucio , Sobek Werner 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDie Erforschung und Weiterentwicklung der Stahlbetonbauweise sind integrale Bestandteile der Arbeiten des Instituts für Leichtbau Entwerfen und Konstruieren der Universität Stuttgart. Der Artikel beschreibt wesentliche Entwicklungsschritte dieser Forschungen und gibt einen Ausblick auf die sonstigen Arbeiten des ILEK.
Personalized treatment plans with multivariate outcomes
Authors: Siriwardhana Chathura , Kulasekera Karunarathna B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, we propose a novel method for individualized treatment selection when the treatment response is multivariate. Our method covers any number of treatments and it can be applied for a broad set of models. The proposed method uses a Mahalanobis‐type distance measure to establish an ordering of treatments based on treatment performance measures. Our investigation in this work deals with means of responses conditional on lower dimensional composite scores based on covariates where these scores are built using single index models to approximate mean responses against patient covariates. Smoothed estimates of such conditional means are combined to construct an estimate of the aforementioned distance measure, which is then used to estimate the optimal treatment. An empirical study demonstrates the performance of the proposed method in finite samples. We also present a data analysis using an HIV clinical trial data to show the applicability of the proposed procedure for real data.
Stepwise optimization and sensitivity improvement of green micellar electrokinetic chromatography method to simultaneously determine some fluoroquinolones and glucocorticoids present in various binary ophthalmic formulations
Authors: Essam Hebatallah M. , Saad Martin N. , Elzanfaly Eman S. , Amer Sawsan M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA sensitive micellar electrokinetic chromatography method is presented to simultaneously quantify ofloxacin, gatifloxacin, dexamethasone sodium phosphate and prednisolone acetate. The method has the advantages of being rapid, accurate, reproducible, ecologically acceptable and sensitive. The electrophoretic separation utilized 20 mm borate buffer as background electrolyte with pH 10.0 ± 0.1 and 50 mm sodium dodecyl sulfate as a micelle forming molecule. A capillary tube (50 μm i.d., 33 cm) of fused silica was used and on‐column diode array detection at 243 nm for dexamethasone sodium phosphate and prednisolone acetate, and 290 nm for ofloxacin and gatifloxacin. Various factors were optimized such as the background electrolyte (type, concentration and pH), addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate and its concentration, detection wavelength, applied voltage and injection parameters. The studied drugs were efficiently separated in 6.2 min, at 20 kV with high resolution. The greenness of the method was estimated using an eco‐scale tool and the presented method was found to have excellent green characteristics. The method was validated in conformance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, with acceptable accuracy, precision and selectivity. The suggested method can be employed for the economic analysis of the four drugs in dissimilar binary combinations of eye drops saving solvents and chemicals.