bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential contributions of an on-site nurse mentoring program on neonatal mortality reductions in rural Karnataka state, South India: evidence from repeat community cross-sectional surveys
Authors: Ramesh B.M. , Kar Arin , Jayanna Krishnamurthy , Hallad Jyoti S. , Troy Cunningham , Potty Rajaram , Mohan H L , Crockett Maryanne , Bradley Janet , Fischer Elizabeth , Sudarshan H , Blanchard James , Moses Stephen , Avery Lisa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

[b]Background: [/b]We assessed the effects of a nurse mentoring program on neonatal mortality in eight districts in India. [b]Methods: [/b]From 2012 to 2015, nurse mentors supported improvements in critical MNCH-related practices among health providers at primary health centres (PHCs) in northern Karnataka, South India. Baseline (n=5,240) and endline (n=5,154) surveys of randomly selected ever-married women were conducted. Neonatal mortality rates (NMR) among the last live-born children in the three years prior to each survey delivered in NM and non-NM-supported facilities were calculated and compared using survival analysis and cumulative hazard function. Mortality rates on days 1, 2-7 and 8-28 post-partum were compared. Cox survival regression analysis measured the adjusted effect on neonatal mortality of delivering in a nurse mentor supported facility. [b]Results:[/b] Overall, neonatal mortality rate in the three years preceding the baseline and endline surveys was 30.5 (95% CI 24.3-38.4) and 21.6 (95% CI 16.3-28.7) respectively. There was a substantial decline in neonatal mortality between the survey rounds among children delivered in PHCs supported by NM: 29.4 (95% CI 18.1-47.5) vs. 9.3 (95% CI 3.9-22.3) (p=0.09). No significant declines in neonatal mortality rate were observed among children delivered in other facilities or at home. In regression analysis, among children born in nurse mentor supported facilities, the estimated hazard ratio at endline was significantly lower compared with baseline (HR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.06-0.82, p=0.02). [b]Conclusion: [/b]The nurse mentoring program was associated with a substantial reduction in neonatal mortality. Further research is warranted to delineate whether this may be an effective strategy for reducing NMR in resource-poor settings. [b]Key words:[/b] Nurse mentoring, Quality of care, Neonatal mortality This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Grant Number OPPGH5310
Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in Parkinson's disease：Inhibit T helper 17 cell differentiation and regulate immune balance towards a regulatory T cell phenotype
Authors: Bi Yong , Lin Xiaobin , Liang Huazheng , Yang Dehao , Zhang Xiaowei , Ke Jianming , Xiao Jingjing , Chen Zhilin , Chen Weian , Zhang Xu , Wang Shaoshi , Liu Chun-Feng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD), known as a neurodegenerative disorder, shows typical pathology of neuroinflammation, which might be the result of the imbalance between regulatory T cells (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells. The present study aimed to investigate the modulating effect of Ad-MSCs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from PD patients. CD4 + peripheral blood T cells were isolated and co-cultured with Ad-MSCs at a ratio of 4:1 under Th17 or Treg polarizing conditions, respectively, for 4 days. Our results showed that Ad-MSCs specifically inhibited the differentiation of IL-17-producing CD4 + T cells collected from PBMCs of PD patients evidenced by the decreased expression of RORγt- the key transcription factor for Th17 cells, IL-6R, and IL-23R. In the meantime, Ad-MSCs and induced a functional CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + T regulatory cell phenotype evidenced by the secretion of IL-10. Furthermore, levels of LIF protein and its receptor mRNA were significantly increased under both polarizing conditions. These findings suggest that the regulation of the Th17/Treg balance by Ad-MSCs was correlated with the increase in LIF secretion. Therefore, Ad-MSCs are an important player in ­modulating inflammatory responses and a potential therapeutics for PD patients.
Economic Burden of Osteoporosis in the World: A Systematic Review
Authors: kemmak Asma Rashki , Rezapour Aziz , Jahangiri Reza , Nikjoo Shima , Farabi Hiro , Soleimanpour Samira 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that is associated with a reduction in bone mass and microstructures and deterioration of bone tissue. It is also associated with an increased risk of fracture that is the most important complication of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis and consequent fractures not only have a major impact on the health and quality of life, but also impose a significant economic burden on the health system of countries. Objective Since the population of many countries around the world is aging, the incidence of fractures due to osteoporosis is increasing too. The knowledge about costs and economic aspects of osteoporosis plays an important role in making policies and planning measures for the prevention and management of this disease, hence, this study systematically investigated the available evidence on the costs associated with osteoporosis worldwide. Methods Considering language, year of publication, and the research question, electronic searches were conducted in multiple databases and different sources. After selecting articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data were extracted and the results were summarized. To prevent bias, the whole procedure was performed by three researchers. Results Of a total of 1989 papers, 28 papers were included in the study on the basis of inclusion criteria. Among the selected studies, 13 papers reported direct and indirect costs. Based on the data extracted from the mentioned studies, the mean age of people with osteoporotic fractures was 50 years, with the highest costs associated with hip fractures. Conclusion There is a paucity of studies investigating the burden of osteoporosis in the world. The available studies indicate a lack of standardization in the methodological approach of assessing the economic burden of this disease. It is necessary to highlight the importance of studies on osteoporosis to inform policymakers and enhance health care planning.
Does Nutritional Status Affect Treatment Tolarability, Response and Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients? Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Senem Karabulut , Izzet Dogan , Afsar Cigdem Usul , Mehmet Karabulut , Kahraman Sule , Ferhatoglu Ferhat , Didem Tastekin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The efficacy and tolerability of modern cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens used in malnourished metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients is uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of malnutrition on efficacy and tolerability of cytotoxic chemotherapy and overall survival in mCRC patients.Methods: In this multicenter study, demographic, oncologic and nutritional data were collected prospectively from mCRC patients. Nutritional status of the patients were evaluated on the basis of NRI, BMI and WL before the first chemotherapy, after the first and second chemotherapy during 2 cycles of chemotherapy every 15 days. To determine the inter-treatment weight loss toxicity assessment was included to theese parameters after each chemotherapy. NRI calculation was performed as [1.51xserum albumin level (g/L)+41.7xcurrent weight/basic weight]. . NRIs were examined in 3 categories as ‘no malnutrition’ (NRI >97.5), ‘moderate malnutrition’ (97.5 ≥ NRI ≥83.5) or ‘severe malnutrition’ (NRI <83.5). Response to treatment and drug-induced toxicities were assessed based on Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 and National Cancer Institute CTCAE version 4.0 respectively.Results: One-hundred and thirty-seven mCRC patients were prospectively included. Median age was 48 (range 18-83). Primary location was colon in 66% of patients and 84% of their primary source was left colon. Malnutrition was detected in 39% of the cases. Response rate to treatment was twenty four percent. While there was no significant relationship between chemotherapy response and moderate/severe malnutrition (p=0.24), moderate/severe malnutrition was associated with multipl site of metastases, WHO PS of 1, over the median value of CEA/CA 19-9 levels (p=0.003, p=0.03, p<0.001, and p=0.02; respectively). Hypoalbuminemia and moderate/severe malnutrition were associated with all types of toxicity (p<0.001 and p<0.001). Moderate/severe malnutrition was associated with thrombocytopenia, and diarrhea following chemotherapy predominately, (p=0.02 and p=0.04; respectively). In moderate/severe malnutrition group median overall survival was prominently shorter than those with no malnutrition [6.6 moths (95%CI, 5.6-7.6) vs 11.9 moths (95% CI, 11.1-12.7) respectively, p<0.001].Conclusions: Our study showed that moderate/severe malnutrition in mCRC patients was associated with decreased overall survival and increased chemotherapy toxicity.
The New Method of Sea-sky Line Detection Based on Mathematical Morphology
Authors: Wenqi Zhang , Wanmin Bai , Jun Yu , Shouyi Gao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
To solve the problem of low accuracy and robustness of sea-sky line detection, this paper presents a method of sea- sky line detection based on the mathematical morphology. Firstly, the mathematical morphology closed-open operation is used to filter and denoise the sea-sky image. Then the Canny operator is used to obtain the sea-sky boundary of the image, Then mathematical morphological operation is used to remove some disturbing points. Finally, the sea-sky line is detected by Hough transform. The experimental results show that the algorithm can accurately and efficiently detect the sea-sky line under the complex sea-sky background.
Research on Digital Modeling and Optimization of Virtual Reality Scene
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Liu Pingping , Lu Zhaopan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The research about the modeling simulation and optimization in virtual campus roaming system is based on virtual reality technology, VC+ + platform and OpenGL and 3D Max modeling technology, which has achieved the roaming system of virtual campus with a good feeling of realism and real-time interactivity. Users can roam in 3D virtual campus scene, which achieves the interactive operation of campus reality and meets the requirements of digital education training.
Research on Noise Removal in Fiber Grating Sensing Signal
Authors: Zhou Xiaobo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Signal processing is one of the key technology of fiber grating sensor, noise interference on signal transmission, influence of fiber grating sensor practical application effect, in order to solve the noise problem of fiber grating sensing signal, design a denoising method of fiber grating sensing signal based on improved contourlet transform. The acquisition of fiber grating sensing signal firstly, and remove the unwanted signal, select the useful signal, then using contourlet transform, by filtering the noise filter, finally through the concrete experiment to test the effect of denoising. The results show that the improved contourlet transform can completely remove the fiber Bragg grating sensing signals, and improve the quality of FBG sensor communication, and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Research of New Network Address Structure
Authors: Chong Jiao , Xie Jianping , Xu Yinqiu , Zhao Hongwen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
With the wide application of Internet technology, the number of hosts accessing the Internet has grown rapidly, and addresses will be more and more widely used in other intelligent terminals such as e-commerce logistics codes, space codes, identity codes, and 3D geocodes. The number of existing addresses is no longer sufficient for this development demand. The emergence of IPv6 temporarily alleviated the problem of IP address shortage, and IPv6 did not fully consider the security of data transmission at the beginning of design. Chinese researchers have proposed a new Internet address architecture, that is, method of using whole digital code to assign address for computer, referred to as IPV9. IPV9 extends address capacity; supports more address hierarchies, more addressable nodes, and simpler automatic address configuration. Based on the study of IPv4 and IPv6 address structure, this paper designs the standards of the new generation network address structure, including IPV9 unicast address structure, cluster address structure and multicast address structure, which provides a solid foundation for new generation of Internet research.
From Network Security to Network Autonomous
Authors: Wang Yubian , Yuri Shebzukhov 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the 20th century, the emergence of the Internet has completely changed the work and life of human beings around the world. Today, people are increasingly inseparable from network. The Internet has been integrated with the global industry, agriculture, education, science, technology and national defense. The current Internet was originated in the United States. The Internet systems based on IPv4 and IPv6, they are controlled by the United States completely. Computers connected to the Internet are subject to data retention and backup in the United States. Data security is greatly threatened. In addition, due to limitations and loopholes in the design of the Internet, the Internet is subject to many different types of attacks. Internet research which based on security autonomy has received the attention of sovereign countries in the world. This paper mainly introduces the Future Internet system developed by Chinese researchers based on the current research on Internet servers, which is a new generation network system, the research and application of this system will have a profound impact on the world’s Internet.
Violence Cracking Technology of SSH Service Based on Kali-Linux
Authors: Ma Limei , Zhao Dongmei , Gao Yijun , Zhao Chen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the current popular SSH password brute force cracking tool is researched, analyzed and summarized. The ssh_login module in Metasploit is used to brute force the SSH service to finally obtain the password. The Brute Spray tool is used to automatically call Medusa to blast the service, demonstrating SSH. The process of brute force cracking has certain reference value for penetration attack testing and security defense.
Research on IPv4, IPv6 and IPV9 Address Representation
Authors: YURY Halavachou , Wang Yubian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The new generation network architecture (IPV9) is designed to solve a series of problems such as the shortage of address space and the danger of information security. IPv4 addresses have a length of 32 bits and a theoretically expressible address space of 232, while IPv6 addresses extend to 128 bits and theoretically an address space of 2128. In this paper, by studying IPv4, IPv6 address structure focuses on the new generation of network IPV9 address representation method. This method adopts the address coding method of the variable-length and variable-position, ranging from 16 bits to 2048 bits. Moreover, it adopts the mechanism of verification before communication, and relies on the method of assigning addresses to the computers on the Internet with full character codes. It redefines the address structure of the future Internet and provides new solutions for the Internet of things and the Internet of everything.
Crawler Technology Based on Scrapy Framework
Authors: Wu Hejing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

With the development of the times and the popularization of scientific and technological products, the Internet has become inseparable from our lives, and search engines have become a daily necessity of people.In view of the growing needs。This topic requires the design of a prototype crawler system based on Scrapy framework. The specific requirements and contents are as follows: analyzing the structure and rules of the target website, looking for data items that need to be crawled. Based on Scrappy framework, a crawler prototype program is implemented by customizing crawling rules.Select the appropriate database for data access and analysis.
Assessment of a Non-Optical Water Quality Property Using Space-based Imagery in Egyptian Coastal Lake
Authors: Abayazid Hala O. , El-Adawy Ahmed 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Progressive anthropogenic intrusion and increasing water demand necessitate frequent water quality monitoring for sustainability management. Unlike laborious, time consuming field-based measurements, remote sensing-based water quality retrieval proved promising to overcome difficulties with temporal and spatial coverage. However, remotely estimated water quality parameters are mostly related to visibility characteristic and optically active property of water. This study presents results of an investigated approach to derive oxygen –related water quality parameter, namely Dissolved Oxygen (DO), in a shallow inland water body from satellite imagery. The approach deduces DO levels based on interrelated optical properties that dictate oxygen consumption and release in waters. Comparative analysis of multiple regression algorithms was carried out, using various combinations of parameters; namely, Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Chlorophyll-a, and Temperature. To cover the wide range of conditions that is experienced by Edku coastal lake, ground truth measurements covering the four seasons were used with corresponding satellite imageries. While results show successful statistically significant correlation in certain combinations considered, yet optimal results were concluded with Turbidity and natural logarithm of temperature. The algorithm model was developed with summer and fall data (R2 0.79), then validated with winter and spring data (R2 0.67). Retrieved DO concentrations highlighted the variability in pollution degree and zonation nature within that coastal lake, as related to boundary interactions and irregularity in flow dynamics within. The approach presented in this study encourages expanded applications with space-based earth observation products for exploring non-detectable water quality parameters that are interlinked with optically active properties in water.
Validation of the Diagnostic Infant and Preschool Assessment in a Danish, trauma-exposed sample of young children
Authors: Løkkegaard Sille Schandorph , Elmose Mette , Elklit Ask 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
There exist only few developmentally sensitive assessment instruments for identifying posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other potentially comorbid affective and behavioral symptomatology in preschool children. Consequently, young children who exhibit post-trauma symptomatology risk not being identified and not receiving the appropriate treatment. One of the few instruments that exist is the Diagnostic Infant and Preschool Assessment (DIPA).

Objective:
To examine internal reliability and convergent validity of the Danish version of the DIPA, a semi-structured interview of caregivers about their child’s mental health.

Method:
In total, 62 caregivers of trauma-exposed children aged 1-6 years were interviewed with the DIPA and completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

Results:
The children had experienced between one and eight traumas (Mdn = 3). Based on the DIPA, 48.4% of the children exhibited PTSD. The DIPA showed good to excellent internal consistency for the disorders of major depressive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, separation anxiety disorder and overall internal consistency of PTSD and reactive attachment disorder. Internal consistency was lower for each symptom cluster of PTSD and the overall consistency of sleep disorder with Cronbach’s alpha ranging between 0.54 and 0.69. Correlations between continuous scores of eight disorders of the DIPA and SDQ scales provided support for convergent validity of the DIPA.

Conclusion:
The study provides preliminary evidence to support the Danish version of DIPA as a valid measure of symptoms of young children exposed to psychological trauma. As a standardized assessment tool, the DIPA can aid in early and structured assessment of young children exposed to trauma and can help guide treatment for those in need.
Trust and general risk-taking in externalizing adolescent inpatients versus non-externalizing psychiatric controls
Authors: Mellick William , Sharp Carla , Sumlin Eric 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Interpersonal trust is an important target for the conceptualization, identification, and treatment of psychiatric disorders marked by interpersonal difficulties. A core feature of adolescent externalising disorders is interpersonal impairment. However, research investigating trust is scarce. A relatively novel approach for studying trust in psychopathology is through examination of social decision making using behavioural economic games.

Objective:
To employ a modified trust game in order to determine whether externalising adolescents exhibit perturbed decision making in social and/or nonsocial contexts.

Methods:
Externalising inpatient adolescents (n= 141) and non-externalising psychiatric controls (n= 122) completed self-report measures of psychopathology and invested in an iterative trust game played under two conditions: social (trust) and nonsocial (lottery condition), each consisting of five consecutive trials.

Results:
Externalising adolescents showed a limited increase in trust investments, compared to a significant increase in lottery investments, across early game trials relative to psychiatric controls. This significant three-way interaction between experimental group, game condition, and trials became most evident at the second trial of games. Between-group differences on trust investments were non-significant. However, externalising adolescents invested significantly less in the trust relative to lottery condition, an effect unobserved in psychiatric controls.

Conclusions:
This study tentatively suggests that adolescent externalising disorders may be associated with an insensitivity to normative social exchange which may arise, in part, from a lack of anticipated co-player reciprocity. It is not the level of trust that may distinguish externalising adolescents but perhaps the form of which the trust exchange takes shape. Conclusions are tempered by the fact that the employed trust game did not include feedback in the form of co-player repayments.