bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic analysis of the CLIP Trials in India, Pakistan and Mozambique
Authors: Bone Jeffrey N , Khowaja Asif , Vidler Marianne , Payne Beth A. , Bellad Mrutyunjaya B , Goudar Shivaprasad S , Mallapur Ashalata , munguambe Khatia , Qureshi Rahat , Sacoor Charfudin , Sevene Esperança , Frederix Geert , Bhutta Zulfiqar , Mitton Craig , Magee Laura , Dadelszen Peter von 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) Trials (NCT01911494) in India, Pakistan, and Mozambique (February 2014-7) involved community engagement and task-sharing with community health workers for triage and initial treatment of pregnancy hypertension. Maternal and perinatal mortality was less frequent among women who received ≥8 CLIP contacts. The aim of this analysis was to assess the costs and cost-effectiveness of the CLIP intervention overall, and by POM visit frequency. Methods: Included were all women enrolled in the three CLIP trials who had delivered with known outcomes by trial end. According to the number of POM-guided home contacts received (0, 1-3, 4-7, ³8), costs were collected from annual budgets and spending receipts, with inclusion of family opportunity costs in Pakistan. A decision-tree model was built to determine the cost-effectiveness of the intervention (vs. usual care), based on the primary clinical endpoint of years-of-life-lost (YLL) for mothers and infants. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used to assess uncertainty in the cost and clinical outcomes.Results: The incremental per pregnancy cost of the intervention was USD$12.66 (India), USD$11.51 (Pakistan) and USD$13.26 (Mozambique). As implemented, the intervention was not cost-effective, due largely to minimal differences in years-of-life-lost between arms. However, among women who received ≥8 contacts (4 in Pakistan), the probability of health system and family (Pakistan) cost-effectiveness was ≥80% (all countries). Conclusion: The intervention was likely to be cost-effective for women receiving ≥8 contacts in Mozambique and India, and ≥4 in Pakistan, supporting World Health Organization guidance on antenatal contact frequency.Funding: The University of British Columbia, a grantee of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1017337).Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov. Registered 30 July 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01911494
WITHDRAWN: Barriers and Facilitators for Cervical Cancer Screening Among Young Women: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kirubarajan Abirami , Leung Shannon , Li Xinglin , Yau Matthew , Sobel Mara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Though cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally, its incidence is nearly entirely preventable. Young women have been an international priority for screening. However, in both high-income and low-income countries, young women have not been screened appropriately according to country-specific guidelines.The aim of this systematic review was to systematically characterize the existing literature on barriers and facilitators for cervical cancer screening among young women globally.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines of four databases: Medline-OVID, EMBASE, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.Gov. Databases were examined from inception until the date of our literature searches (12/03/2020). We only examined original, peer-reviewed literature. Articles were excluded if they did not specifically discuss cervical cancer screening, were not specific to young women, or did not report outcomes or evaluation. All screening, extraction, and synthesis was completed in duplicate with two independent reviewers. Outcomes were summarized descriptively. Risk of bias for individual studies was graded using an adapted rating scale based on the Risk of Bias Instrument for Cross-Sectional Surveys of Attitudes and Practices.ResultsOf the 2177 original database citations, we included 36 studies that met inclusion criteria. Our systematic review found that there are three large categories of barriers for young women: lack of knowledge/awareness, negative perceptions of the test, and practical barriers to testing. Facilitators included stronger relationships with healthcare providers, social norms, support from family, and self-efficacy.Conclusions There are unique barriers and facilitators that affect cervical cancer screening rates in young women. Health systems worldwide should address the challenges for this population.
An Analysis of COVID-19 Clusters in India-Two Case Studies on Nizamuddin and Dharavi.
Authors: Sengupta Pooja , Ganguli Bhaswati , SenRoy Sugata , Chatterjee Aditya 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background- With the COVID-19 pandemic wreaking havoc across nations, several research projects are being carried out to study the propagation of the virus. In this study we have made an endeavour to analyse the spread of COVID-19 in the districts of India. Methods- Some districts in India have been much more a ected than the others. A cluster analysis of the worst a ected districts in India provide insight about the similarities between them. The e ects of public health interventions in flattening the curve in their respective states is studied using the individual contact SEIQHRF model. Results - The clustering of hotspot districts in India provide homogeneous clusters of districts that stand out in terms of number of positive COVID-19 cases and covariates like population density and number of COVID-19 special hospitals. The cluster analysis reveal that distribution of number of COVID-19 hospitals in the districts vary from the distribution of con rmed COVID-19 cases. The distribution of hospitals is much less skewed than the population density and COVID-19 cases. From the SEIQHRF model for Nizamuddin we observe in the second phase the number of infected individuals had seen a multitudinous increase in the states where Nizamuddin attendees returned. Thereby, increasing the risk of the disease spread in the respective states. However, the simulations reveal that the administrative interventions, if implemented strictly, flatten the curve of disease spread. In Dharavi however, as claimed by the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation officials, through tracing, tracking, testing and treating, massive breakout of COVID-19 was also brought under control. Conclusions - The study rounds up with two important case studies on Nizamuddin basti and Dharavi slum to illustrate the growth curve of COVID-19 in two very densely populated regions in India. In the case of Nizamuddin, the attendees of the religious events who went back to their respective states, increased the risk of infection manifold. However, Dharavi was one of the few COVID-19 success stories. Through strict testing, treating, tracking and tracing large-scale COVID-19 infection was brought under control.
The Difference of Contribution of Urban Built Environment Factors to Obesity of Residents: A Case Study from the Shijingshan District of Beijing
Authors: Wang Shanchao , Ma Chao , Wang Jie , Ren Lijian , Yun Yingxia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe obesity rate of Beijing residents has been rapidly increasing in the past decades. The incidence rate of diseases caused by obesity is high, and resident health is a concern. According to public data and published studies, obesity may be related to the urban built environment. Methods In this study, a data set of "resident health–urban built environment" based on the data of surveying and mapping in the Shijingshan district of Beijing and the registration data of obesity status from top medical institutions in Beijing is developed. The data of the urban built environment includes five factors: the economic value of location, mixture of land use, facility layout, spatial characteristics of streets, and subjective evaluation data of residents. Additionally, a multi-dimensional judgment matrix of obesity of residents and built environment indicators is established. The random forest algorithm of machine learning is used to classify the data set, and the correlation and contribution of the influence of each environmental factor on the obesity are judged. Results For all communities in the Shijingshan district, the street betweenness and street curvature make the largest contributions to obesity among all spatial characteristics, whereas the number of parks and water-related sceneries in the living environment contributes the least. Conclusions The calculated contributions of different environmental factors to obesity can be directly employed to promote a healthy lifestyle. On the premise of intervention cost-saving, similar effects can be achieved by improving the spatial environment of streets and layout of facilities rather than applying intervention measures of the overall change.
Neonatal Near Misses and Associated Factors Among Mother's Who Give a Live Neonate at Hawassa City Governmental Hospitals, 2019. A Facility Based Cross-Sectional Study Design
Authors: Fikrie Anteneh Tekola , Baye Genet Ake , Amaje Elias Hadona , Tefera Kebede 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal near miss is a neonate who nearly died but survived from a severe complication occurred during pregnancy, birth or within 0-28 days of extra-uterine life. However, there is no available data that quantifies the magnitude of neonatal near miss in Ethiopia where there is high prevalence of neonatal mortality. Therefore, this study is designed to provide information about the magnitude and associated factors of neonatal near miss among women who give a live birth at Hawassa City Governmental hospitals, 2019. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 604 mothers who gave live neonates at Adare General Hospital and Hawassa University Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital from May 9, 2019 to June 7, 2019. Face to face interviewer administered structured questionnaire with a supplementation of maternal and neonatal medical records with checklists were used to collect the data. Data were coded and entered in to Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science IBM version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics was run and the data were presented using frequency tables and figure. The bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the possible factors of neonatal near miss. Finally, Adjusted Odds Ratio and 95% Confidence Intervals were used to declare statsticall significance. Result Among all 604 selected live births an overall proportion of Neonatal Near Misses (NNM) cases, 202 (33.4 %;) (95% CI: 29.7%-37.1%) was obtained. Respiratory distress 158 (94%) and infection or sepsis 138 (84%) were found to be the leading causes of NNM cases in our study. Employed (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.46- 6.44), Pregnancy induced Hypertension (AOR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.27-0.69) and Cesarean Section (AOR=0.49; 95%CI: 0.33-0.71) were significantly associated with neonatal near miss. Conclusion: This study revealed relatively high prevalence of neonatal near miss in the study areas. Employed women, pregnancy induced hypertension and cesarean section mode of delivery were found to be independent factors affecting the prevalence of NNM cases. Therefore, HUCSH and Adare general Hospitals should focus on proving quality antenatal care and prevention of occupational related problems among pregnant women.
Association of Life Course Socioeconomic Status and Adult Height With Cognitive Capacity Among Older Adults in India and China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Selvamani Y , Arokiasamy P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCognitive ability is an important measure of intrinsic capacity. In this study, we examine the association of life course socioeconomic status (SES) and height on cognitive functioning among older adults aged 50 and above for the two middle-income countries of India and China. We further assess the age pattern of cognitive decline with measures of life course socioeconomic status. MethodsCross-sectional comparative analysis was conducted using the WHO’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) data for India and China. Multilevel mixed-effect regression analysis was used to predict the association of life course socioeconomic status, height with cognitive functioning. ResultsIn India and China, better childhood socioeconomic status measured as parental education is positively associated with cognitive functioning. The association between adult socioeconomic status and cognitive functioning was positive and highly significant. Height was significantly associated with improved cognitive functioning for India and China. Furthermore, the age-related cognitive decline was faster among older adults whose parents had no schooling, particularly the association between mother’s education and cognitive functioning is stronger in China. The cognitive decline is much faster among less-educated older adults than those with 10+ years of schooling in China. Wealthier older adults in India had higher cognitive functioning in middle age, however, wealth differences narrowed in older ages, suggesting the convergence of cognitive functioning by economic status at older ages. ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest a significant long-term impact of childhood conditions on later-life cognitive functioning in middle-income settings.
Preliminary Study on the Relationship Between LncRNA GAPLINC Expression and Clinical Pathology of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Metastasis Mechanism
Authors: Wang Peng , Yang Song , Dai Shengbin , Ni Qingtao , Liu Huilan , Yu Lei , Lu Kaijin , Han Gaohua , Huang Junxing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLong non-coding RNA (lncRNA) GAPLINC (gastric adenocarcinoma predictive long intergenic noncoding RNA) plays a carcinogenic role in a variety of different tumor types. It is deserved to explore the biological function of LncRNA GAPLINC in the development of esophageal cancer. MethodsTissues of 40 patients undergoing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) radical surgery were collected, including ESCC tissues and corresponding adjacent normal tissues. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of LncRNA GAPLINC and evaluate the relationship between its expression and ESCC clinicopathology. The expression level of LncRNA GAPLINC in human ESCC cell line (TE11) was detected by qRT-PCR. After specific siRNA interference, the expression of LncRNA GAPLINC was detected. The effects of LncRNA GAPLINC on ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8 (cck-8) and Transwell, respectively.Results1. The expression level of LncRNA GAPLINC in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in the corresponding adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05). 2. The high expression of LncRNA GAPLINC in ESCC was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation of patients (P<0.05), but not age, gender, smoking and alcohol history, tumor location, tumor size and invasion depth (P>0.05). 3. Compared with human esophageal normal epithelial cell lines, the expression of LncRNA GAPLINC was significantly increased in human ESCC cell line (P<0.05). 4. Cck-8 experiment showed that LncRNA GAPLINC overexpression increased the growth rate of cells (P<0.05). Transwell experiment showed that LncRNA GAPLINC overexpression increased the ability of cell migration and invasion compared (P<0.05). Annexin V assay showed that LncRNA GAPLINC silencing made apoptosis increase at the early stage (P<0. 05).Conclusions1. LncRNA GAPLINC was highly expressed in ESCC tissues and human ESCC cell line. LncRNA GAPLINC expression level was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation degree in ESCC. Our results suggested that LncRNA GAPLINC may be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of ESCC. 2. Downregulation of LncRNA GAPLINC in human ESCC cell line could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells. Our study revealed that LncRNA GAPLINC may play a role as an oncogene in ESCC and be a potential therapeutic target.
Elevated expression of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in patients with coronary endothelial dysfunction is associated with future cardiovascular events
Authors: Ganji Morsaleh , Lasho Terra , Toya Takumi , Akhiyat Nadia , Shi Changxin , Chen Xianfeng , Braggio Esteban , Ahmad Ali , Corban Michel , Stewart A. , Lerman Lilach , Patnaik Mrinal , Lerman Amir 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aims We aimed to test the hypothesis that the presence of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) in peripheral blood cells is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction, enhanced inflammatory markers, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).Methods and results We compared targeted next generation sequencing (35 CHIP related genes) between patients with coronary endothelial dysfunction (n = 123) and controls (n=65). Coronary endothelial dysfunction was defined by ≥ 20% decrease in coronary artery diameter (CAD) or ≤ 50% increase in coronary blood flow (CBF) in response to acetylcholine injection compared to baseline. Plasma cytokine levels of Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 were also assessed. Patients were subsequently followed for 12.2 ± 4.3 years. Clonal hematopoiesis relevant gene mutations were found in 1 individual in normal endothelial function group (1.5%) and 11 cases in endothelial dysfunction group (9.3%) (p = 0.04). Additionally, CHIP mutations were associated with an increased risk of MACE (OR = 4.08, P = 0.04). Mutations in ASXL1, DNMT3A and TET2 in the endothelial dysfunction group were also associated with increased levels of IL-6 and IL-8 (P = 0.001, P = 0.003; respectively).Conclusion The current study demonstrates a high frequency of CHIP in patients with coronary endothelial dysfunction as well as an association between mutations in three most common epigenetic regulator genes and increased levels of IL-6 and IL-8. Therefore it infers a probable relationship between CHIP, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular adverse events.
N-glycoproteomic Profiling Revealing New Coronavirus Therapeutic Targets That Maybe Involved in Cepharanthine’s Intervention
Authors: An Wenlin , Tian Fengjuan , Li Jing , Wang Yanglan , Wang Shihui , Fan Huahao , Tong Yigang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
N-glycosylation is an important post-translational modification involved in protein folding, signal transduction, extracellular matrix organization and immune response. Evidence showed that glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein may be a potential target in viral pathogenesis and drug/vaccine design. To investigate the mechanism of coronavirus infestation and drug targets from glycosylation perspective, we constructed a SARS-CoV-2 cellular model using GX_P2V-infected VeroE6 cells to study the effects of GX_P2V on glycoproteins in presence or absence of Cepharanthine (CEP) through N-glycoproteomics profiling. The results showed that coronavirus GX_P2V could cause aberrant protein glycosylation, whereas CEP can partially maintain GX_P2V-induced aberrant glycoproteins at homeostasis. Further study revealed that proteins LAMB1 and FN1 were pivotal in counteracting coronavirus-induced aberrant protein glycosylation by CEP. Furthermore, CEP can dramatically regulate the glycosylation of viral proteins S, M and N. Our results suggest that despite the strong anti-coronavirus effects of CEP, drug combinations need be considered to achieve optimal therapeutic strategies.
A Dexterity Comparison for 6 DOF Hybrid Robots
Authors: Mohammadkhani MohammadAli , Haghighi Ahmad Reza 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, new hybrid robots are suggested which divided the task into a position and orientation tasks. The position mechanism controls the position whereas the orientation one manipulates the orientation of the end effector. These robots consist of a translational parallel manipulator and a rotational serial or parallel mechanism. The 3UPU or Tricept parallel manipulator and a three-axis gimbaled system or parallel shoulder manipulator are chosen for translational and rotational movements, respectively. The main goal of this paper is analyzing the development and combination of serial and parallel manipulators in order to increase their features. According to this purpose, serial and parallel mechanisms with three DOF are combined in a way to encompass six DOF space. It is shown hybrid mechanisms with less coupling between their subsystems are capable of increasing robot characteristics.
HIF-1α promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by regulating angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Yao Min , Wang Li , Chen Xiyu , Chen Ying , Yang Jie , Wang Defeng , Wu Wei , yao dengfu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remain to be hard in medical society. However, little knowledge is known regarding the hypoxia impact in HCC with angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aims of this study were to explore the regulating roles of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in angiogenesis and EMT of HCC.
Methods

The levels of HIF-1α, angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in a cohort of chronic liver diseases were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and their dynamic up-regulations were confirmed in model of rat hepatocyte malignant transformation. After HIF-1α gene transfected with specific miRNA, biological behaviors of HCC cells were analyzed by transwell or invasion assay; angiogenesis and EMT were analyzed at protein level by Western blot or at mRNA by quantitative real-time PCR.
Results

The levels of circulating HIF-1α, VEGF, and Ang-2 in the HCC group (145.6 ± 32.6 µg/L, 458.9 ± 125.3 µg/L, and 42.9 ± 5.1 µg/L) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than those in the LC (79.5 ± 8.4 µg/L, 206.8 ± 56.8 µg/L, and 26.2 ± 6.1 µg/L) or the CH (60.1 ± 18.8 µg/L, 178.1 ± 85.4 µg/L, and 21.8 ± 6.9 µg/L) group, respectively. Dynamic up-regulations of HIF-1α and angiogenic factors have been confirmed by rat model with hepatocyte malignant transformation. There were closely positive correlations (P < 0.001) between them of HIF-1α and VEGF or Ang-2. After HCC cells transfected with specific HIF-1α-miRNA, the levels of HIF-1α, VEGF and Ang-2 expression were significantly down-regulated, with inhibiting infiltration or migration, blockading EMT with increasing E-cadherin and decreasing of snail, twist and vimentin.
Conclusions

These data have highlighted the HIF-1α over-expression could promote the metastasis or invasion of HCC via regulating neovascularization and EMT formation.
Assessment of Economic-Environmental Consequences of Implementing Policies to Exclude and Reform Fossil Fuel Subsidies in the Mena Region up to the Time Horizon by 2100: Experimental Application of RICE Model
Authors: Moayedfar Rozita , Haghshenas Marzieh , Farahmand Shekoofeh , Sharirfi Alimorad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.