bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual input to the left versus right eye yields differences in face preferences in 3‐month‐old infants
Authors: Dalrymple Kirsten A. , Khan Afshan F. , Duchaine Brad , Elison Jed T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFrom birth, infants prefer looking at faces over scrambled faces. This face input is important for the development of face processing: individuals who experienced early visual deprivation due to congenital cataracts have long‐lasting face processing deficits. Interestingly, the deficits are eye‐specific such that left eye cataracts disrupt the development of face processing, whereas right eye cataracts do not. This raises the question of whether infant face preferences are driven primarily by faces observed through the left eye. To investigate this, we presented 3‐month‐old infants with intact faces paired with scrambled faces. Infants viewed the moving stimuli binocularly, only with their left eye, or only with their right eye. Infants viewing stimuli binocularly or with only the left eye spent significantly more time looking at intact faces than scrambled faces, but this effect was equivocal in infants viewing stimuli through only their right eye. Infants in the binocular group had the greatest preference for faces, and this preference was greater than the right eye group's preference for faces. The left eye group's preference for faces was not statistically different from the other two groups’ preference for faces, but additional analyses revealed a correlation between preference for faces and age for the right eye group only, indicating that preference for faces seen with the right eye increase from 3 to 4 months of age. These results indicate that the left eye plays a special role in face processing at, or before 3 months of age, but a preference for faces through the right eye emerges soon after.
Diagnosis and prevalence of diabetic polyneuropathy: a cross‐sectional study of Danish patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gylfadottir S. S. , Itani M. , Krøigård T. , Kristensen A. G. , Christensen D. H. , Nicolaisen S. K. , Karlsson P. , Callaghan B. C. , Bennett D. L. , Andersen H. , Tankisi H. , Nielsen J. S. , Andersen N. T. , Jensen T. S. , Thomsen R. W. , Sindrup S. H. , Finnerup N. B. 
Published: August 2020

Background and purposeDiabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes. Using the Toronto criteria for diabetic polyneuropathy and the grading system for neuropathic pain, the performance of neuropathy scales and questionnaires were assessed by comparing them to a clinical gold standard diagnosis of DPN and painful DPN in a cohort of patients with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes.MethodsA questionnaire on neuropathy and pain was sent to a cohort of 5514 Danish type 2 diabetes patients. A sample of 389 patients underwent a detailed clinical examination and completed neuropathy questionnaires and scales.ResultsOf the 389 patients with a median diabetes duration of 5.9 years, 126 had definite DPN (including 53 with painful DPN), 88 had probable DPN and 53 had possible DPN. There were 49 patients with other causes of polyneuropathy, neuropathy symptoms or pain, 10 with subclinical DPN and 63 without DPN. The sensitivity of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire to detect DPN was 25.7% and the specificity 84.6%. The sensitivity of the Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Scoring System, including questionnaire and clinical examination, was 62.9% and the specificity was 74.6%.ConclusionsDiabetic polyneuropathy affects approximately one in five Danish patients with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes but neuropathic pain is not as common as previously reported. Neuropathy scales with clinical examination perform better compared with questionnaires alone, but better scales are needed for future epidemiological studies.
Cutaneous adverse events in patients receiving anticancer therapy in a tertiary hospital setting: the old and the new
Authors: Suh Hae‐Jin , Flórez Ángeles , Sacristán Víctor , Rodríguez Martinez Ángeles , Fernández Francisca , Vilanova‐Trillo Lucía , Constenla Manuel , Pereiro Manuel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTargeted therapies and immunotherapies are increasingly prescribed, but classic chemotherapy agents are still highly used in cancer treatment. Both therapies, the old and the new, are associated with cutaneous adverse events (CAEs) that can cause treatment interruptions or reduce the quality of life of patients.MethodsAn observational, cross‐sectional, single‐center study that included consecutive cancer patients presenting CAEs. The main objective was to describe CAEs derived from antineoplastic drugs. Secondary objectives were to determine the number and severity of CAEs and if there were differences regarding CAEs between conventional chemotherapeutics and targeted therapies.ResultsA total of 114 patients were included with a total number of 177 CAEs. Of the 114 patients, 64 presented a single CAE, 37 patients had two CAEs, and 13 patients presented three CAEs. The most frequent CAEs were pruritus, xerosis, palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE), and alopecia. The majority of CAEs were mild (63.2%), followed by moderate (29.9%) and severe (6.7%) CAEs. Of the 114 patients, 103 (90.3%) received topical agents and 11 (9.7%) required systemic treatment for the management of CAEs. Prophylactic treatment for CAE was delivered to only 4/114 (3.5%) patients. No significant differences were found in the number or severity of CAEs between conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy.ConclusionsClose collaboration between oncologists and dermatologists is essential to start preventive measures on time, enhance patient education, and avoid unnecessary dose reductions or treatment interruptions. The multidisciplinary approach can offer better management of skin toxicities.
In vitro cytomodulatory and immunomodulatory effects of bovine colostrum whey protein hydrolysates
Authors: Fajardo‐Espinoza Fernanda S. , Ordaz‐Pichardo Cynthia , Sankar Uma , Romero‐Rojas Andrés , Moreno‐Eutimio Mario A. , Hernández‐Sánchez Humberto 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBovine colostrum possesses biological compounds involved in the development of the newborn. Among them, the proteins have drawn attention as a source of bioactive peptides. This study shows the in vitro cytotoxic and immunostimulatory potential of two colostrum whey protein (CWP) hydrolysates obtained by in vitro digestion with pepsin and pancreatin. MTT cell viability, apoptosis induction, polymorphonuclear proliferation and phagocytic activity assays were performed. Treatment with the hydrolysates induced a significant decrease in the viability of MDA‐MB‐231 cell lines due to apoptosis and also a significant increase in the proliferation of blood mononuclear cells. It could also be observed that for the RM‐1 and PC‐3 prostate cancer cell lines and for the two times of exposure (24 and 48 h), the hydrolysate H1 is significantly more cytotoxic than CWP. These results showed the potential of bovine CWP and its hydrolysates for the treatment of chronic diseases such as cancer.
Correlation of cooking time with water absorption and changes in relative density during boiling of cassava roots
Authors: Tran Thierry , Zhang Xiaofei , Ceballos Hernan , Moreno Jhon L. , Luna Jorge , Escobar Andrés , Morante Nelson , Belalcazar John , Becerra Luis A. , Dufour Dominique 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConsumers prefer cassava roots that cook quickly during boiling. Current methods to evaluate cooking time (CT) are slow and labour‐intensive. This article describes improved protocols for assessing CT in roots. We evaluated CT in 36 genotypes monthly at 8–11 months after planting. CT showed differences for plant age at harvest and among genotypes. During boiling, roots absorbed water (WAB) and thus reduced their relative density (DEN). We classified three groups of genotypes with increasing CT (≤25 min, 25–40 min and >40 min), associated with decreasing WAB, respectively, 15.3 ± 3.1, 10.7 ± 1.7 and 4.9 ± 3.8% of initial root weight. A similar trend was observed for changes in DEN (46.3 ± 9.8, 54.5 ± 11.1 and 75.9 ± 6.9% of initial DEN, respectively). The highest correlations between WAB and DEN with CT (r2 > 0.6) were found at 30‐min boiling. These alternative protocols facilitate screening large numbers of cassava genotypes for CT.
Cross‐continental comparison of safety and protection measures amongst urologists during COVID‐19
Authors: de la Rosette Jean , Laguna Pilar , Álvarez‐Maestro Mario , Eto Masatoshi , Mochtar Chaidir Arif , Albayrak Selami , Mendoza‐Valdes Arturo , Ong Teng Aik , Khadgi Sanjay , Al‐Terki Abdullatif , Bolton Damien , Gomez Reynaldo , Klotz Laurence , Kulkarni Sanjay , Tanguay Simon , Gravas Stavros ,   the Société Internationale d’Urologie Board of Directors
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesTo determine the well‐being of urologists worldwide during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and whether they have adequate personal protective equipment knowledge and supplies appropriate to their clinical setting.MethodsUrologists worldwide completed a Société Internationale d’Urologie online survey from 16 April 2020 until 1 May 2020. Analysis was carried out to evaluate their knowledge about protecting themselves and others in the workplace, including their confidence in their ability to remain safe at work, and any regional differences.ResultsThere were 3488 respondents from 109 countries. Urologists who stated they were moderately comfortable that their work environment offers good protection against coronavirus disease 2019 showed a total mean satisfaction level of 5.99 (on a “0 = not at all” to “10 = very” scale). A large majority (86.33%) were confident about protecting themselves from coronavirus disease 2019 at work. However, only about one‐third reported their institution provided the required personal protective equipment (35.78%), and nearly half indicated their hospital has or had limited personal protective equipment availability (48.08%). Worldwide, a large majority of respondents answered affirmatively for testing the healthcare team (83.09%). Approximately half of the respondents (52.85%) across all regions indicated that all surgical team members face an equal risk of contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (52.85%). Nearly one‐third of respondents reported that they had experienced social avoidance (28.97%).ConclusionsOur results show that urologists lack up‐to‐date knowledge of preferred protocols for personal protective equipment selection and use, social distancing, and coronavirus disease 2019 testing. These data can provide insights into functional domains from which other specialties could also benefit.
Conversion kinetics of container glass batch melting
Authors: Ueda Nanako , Vernerová Miroslava , Kloužek Jaroslav , Ferkl Pavel , Hrma Pavel , Yano Tetsuji , Pokorný Richard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the batch‐to‐glass conversion process is fundamental to optimizing the performance of glass‐melting furnaces and ensuring that furnace modeling can correctly predict the observed outcome when batch materials or furnace conditions change. To investigate the kinetics of silica dissolution, gas evolution, and primary foam formation and collapse, we performed X‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetry, feed expansion tests, and evolved gas analysis of batch samples heated at several constant heating rates. We found that gas evolving reactions, foaming, and silica dissolution depend on the thermal history of the batch in a similar manner: the kinetic parameters of each process were linear functions of the square root of the heating rate. This kinetic similarity reflects the stronger‐than‐expected interdependence of these processes. On the basis of our results, we suggest that changes in furnace operating conditions, such as firing or boosting, influence the melting rate less than what one would expect without consideration of batch conversion kinetics.
Nonstationarity in the relationship between corporate governance and accounting conservatism
Authors: Kieschnick Robert , Shi Wenyun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNoe and Rebello (2012) argue that a firm's environment is not stationary and, as a result, the relationships between corporate governance and firm behavior change to adapt to changes in its environment. We provide evidence that a legal shock (Sarbanes–Oxley Act) and an economic shock (2007/2008 financial crisis) induced changes in the relationships between different corporate governance features and a firm's tendency to report conservatively. Additionally, we provide evidence on the weakness of fixed effects panel regressions to fully understand the effects of various corporate governance features on a firm's tendency to report conservatively.
The monitoring role of the media: Evidence from earnings management
Authors: Chen Yangyang , Cheng C. S. Agnes , Li Shuo , Zhao Jingran 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn response to the recent debate on the media, this paper examines the effect of media coverage on firm earnings management. Even if prior studies (Dyck et al., 2010; Miller, 2006) have documented the media's role in detecting and deterring accounting fraud (or extreme earnings management), it is unclear ex ante whether the media amplifies or curbs less egregious earnings management. Our results show that media coverage is negatively associated with both accrual‐based and real earnings management, suggesting that the media serves as an external monitor that curbs managers’ opportunistic earnings management behaviors. Further analyses show that the effect of media coverage on earnings management is more pronounced when monitoring from auditors is weak and when the other information intermediaries are active. Overall, the findings suggest a monitoring role of the media in firm financial reporting practices.
Inter‐arm difference in blood pressure in patients referred to tertiary hypertension center: Prevalence, risk factors, and relevance to physicians
Authors: Jegatheswaran Januvi , Hiremath Swapnil , Edwards Cedric , Ruzicka Marcel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of inter‐arm BP difference is high in hypertension and is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We performed a retrospective chart review of prevalent patients in the Ottawa Hospital Hypertension Center to assess for prevalence, risk factors, and whether finding of inter‐arm BP difference >10 mmHg leads to investigations of the aorta and aortic arch. Inter‐arm BP difference among 493 patients was present in 16.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]13.3‐19.9%), and it was associated with presence of peripheral arterial disease. Physicians did not investigate ascending aorta and aortic arch for causes of the clinically significant inter‐arm BP difference.
Relationship between high‐normal albuminuria and arterial stiffness in Chinese population
Authors: Ye Chaoyi , Gong Jin , Wang Tingjun , Luo Li , Lian Guili , Wang Huajun , Chen Weixiao , Xie Liangdi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHigh‐normal albuminuria is related to the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. Arterial stiffness has been regarded as a predictor of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between high‐normal albuminuria and arterial stiffness is uncertain in Chinese population. A total of 1343 Chinese participants (aged 58.9 ± 12.1 years, 63.53% male) were included in this study. High‐normal albuminuria was defined as urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) above the median within normal albuminuria. Based on the level of UACR, all participants were divided into low‐normal albuminuria group (UACR < 6.36 mg/g, n = 580), high‐normal albuminuria group (6.36 mg/g ≤ UACR < 30 mg/g, n = 581), microalbuminuria (30 mg/g ≤ UACR < 300 mg/g, n = 162), and macroalbuminuria (UACR ≥ 300 mg/g, n = 20). Arterial stiffness was assessed by measuring carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). With the increment of UACR, the level of cfPWV was increased gradually (P < .001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure, age, serum creatinine, heart rate, logarithmic (LG)‐transformed UACR, and fasting plasma glucose were independently associated with cfPWV in all subjects (P < .001). LG‐UACR was found to be related to cfPWV in high‐normal albuminuria and macroalbuminuria subjects. After further stratification in the high‐normal albuminuria subjects, their relation remained in male, elderly over 65 years old, or normotensives. In summary, UACR is associated with arterial stiffness in subjects with proteinuria excretion in high normal level. High‐normal albuminuria might be an early indicator of arterial stiffness, especially in male, elderly, or normotensives in Chinese population. Furthermore, age and blood pressure are still observed to be the most important risk factor of arterial stiffness.
Hypertension prevalence and control among community‐dwelling lebanese older adults
Authors: Fakhri Ghina , Assaad Sarah , Chaaya Monique 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThere is a high prevalence of hypertension among Lebanese adults, but no evidence is available on its prevalence and control exclusively among older adults (65 + years). This study provides the first evidence on a representative sample of 502 community elderly and presents the basis for future research and policy implications. Results show an overall prevalence of 52% with a significantly higher female‐to‐male ratio. Factors independently associated with hypertension were older age, body mass index, and dementia. More than a third of those with a positive history of hypertension had uncontrolled blood levels. Uncontrolled hypertension was higher among women. Increasing awareness about medication adherence and controlling multi‐morbidities constitute promising measures to lowering the burden of hypertension among Lebanese older adults, especially women.
TLR9 deficiency alleviates doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity via the regulation of autophagy
Authors: Guo Zhen , Tang Nan , Liu Fang‐Yuan , Yang Zheng , Ma Shu‐Qing , An Peng , Wu Hai‐Ming , Fan Di , Tang Qi‐Zhu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDoxorubicin is a commonly used anthracycline chemotherapeutic drug. Its application for treatment has been impeded by its cardiotoxicity as it is detrimental and fatal. DNA damage, cardiac inflammation, oxidative stress and cell death are the critical links in DOX‐induced myocardial injury. Previous studies found that TLR9‐related signalling pathways are associated with the inflammatory response of cardiac myocytes, mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte death, but it remains unclear whether TLR9 could influence DOX‐induced heart injury. Our current data imply that DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity is ameliorated by TLR9 deficiency both in vivo and in vitro, manifested as improved cardiac function and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the deletion of TLR9 rescued DOX‐induced abnormal autophagy flux in vivo and in vitro. However, the inhibition of autophagy by 3‐MA abolished the protective effects of TLR9 deletion on DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity. Moreover, TLR9 ablation suppressed the activation of p38 MAPK during DOX administration and may promote autophagy via the TLR9‐p38 MAPK signalling pathway. Our study suggests that the deletion of TLR9 exhibits a protective effect on doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity by enhancing p38‐dependent autophagy. This finding could be used as a basis for the development of a prospective therapy against DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity.
East Asian diet‐mimicking diet plan based on the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet in adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jin Sang‐Man , Ahn Jiyeon , Park Jiyun , Hur Kyu Yeon , Kim Jae Hyeon , Lee Moon‐Kyu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionUsing an investigational diet plan based on the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet comprised of substitute ingredients that mimic the average East Asian diet, this study assessed the glycemic benefits in comparison with a food exchange system‐based diet in established type 2 diabetes patients.Materials and MethodsThis was a 12‐week, open‐label randomized clinical trial carried out among 60 Korean adults with type 2 diabetes having a median body mass index of 23.5 kg/m2. Glycemic benefits in the investigational diet (group A) were compared with those obtained with a food exchange system‐based diet, either in the form of ready meals provided to participants (group B) or not (group C). The primary end‐point was changes in glycated hemoglobin from baseline to week 12.ResultsChanges in glycated hemoglobin (%) from baseline to week 12 were −0.97 ± 0.97 in group A (vs group B, P = 0.085 in the full analysis set, and P = 0.028 in the per‐protocol set; vs group C, P = 0.030 in the full analysis set and P = 0.020 in the per‐protocol set), −0.51 ± 0.65 in group B (vs group C, P > 0.05 in the full analysis set and the per‐protocol set), and −0.36 ± 0.74 in group C. Decreases from baseline in body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure were greater in group A than in group C.ConclusionWith the provision of ready meals, the glycemic benefits of the investigational diet plan were demonstrable over a self‐prepared food exchange system‐based diet in Korean adults with established type 2 diabetes.
Fractional CO2 laser versus trichloroacetic acid 50% for xanthelasma palpebrarum therapy
Authors: Al‐Kady Nissreen Al‐Sayed , Hamdino Mervat , Abdel Kawy Faten Abdel wadoud 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough being a benign lesion, xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) causes cosmetic concerns. There are numerous therapeutic methods for XP with adverse events for each method.AimsEvaluate the safety, efficacy, and downtime of fractional CO2 laser (10 600 nm) versus 50% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in XP therapy.Patients/MethodsComparative interventional prospective study involved 20 adult patients with XP. Each patient received a split‐face therapy where xanthelasma lesions treated with fractional CO2 laser on the one side and TCA 50% on the other side for maximum 5 sessions with 2‐week intervals in between.ResultsStatistically significant improvement in lesion color, thickness, and size by both fractional CO2 and TCA 50%, with nonstatistically significant difference between both therapeutic modalities after treatment, although downtime, number of sessions, and patient's satisfaction were significantly better for fractional CO2 laser.ConclusionFractional CO2 laser (10 600 nm) is ideal for treatment of xanthelasma because it is safe and effective with short downtime, more patient satisfaction, less sessions, and less complications compared with chemical peeling using TCA (50%).