bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A difference in a transfer function of two horizontal components between the ground level and the borehole at KiK-net Mashiki Station Anisotropy of shear wave propagation in Kyushu area based on seismic interferometry
Authors: Motoki Kentaro , Kato Kenichi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the travel time of S-wave between the vertical array stations based on seismic interferometry, focusing on the difference in transfer function due to two horizontal components at the KiK-net Mashiki station (KMMH16). At that time, we surveyed the differences by back azimuth (BAZ) and the polarization direction of seismic waves. Furthermore, we expanded the survey to all KiK-net stations in the Kyushu district, to confirm whether the phenomena seen at KMMH16 is specific to this location. The result shows that the difference by the polarization direction in the travel time was larger than the difference by the BAZ. This result suggests that the difference in transfer function at KMMH16 were affected by the anisotropy of the S-wave velocity. We evaluated the leading S-wave polarization directions (LSPDs) and the strength of anisotropy (ΔV) for all KiK-net stations in the Kyushu district. The LSPDs roughly correspond to the results of previous studies. The LSPDs in the forearc area are nearly perpendicular to the crustal deformation whereas those in the back-arc area are nearly parallel to it. This characteristic is similar to one found by the previous research in the Tohoku district. We examined the change in anisotropy before and after the Kumamoto earthquake at two stations, KMMH16 and KMMH14 that are located near the source region. The changes in the LSPD and the ΔV before and after the earthquake were not notable. At stations that observed weak anisotropy, transfer functions of two horizontal components show similar shape. At stations that observed strong anisotropy, however, the shape of the transfer function differs greatly, depending on the horizontal direction. This suggests that an evaluation of site amplification using a single velocity model may reduce the reproducibility of ground motions.
The polymorphisms of NR5A1 gene in azoospermic men in Sichuan, China
Authors: Cui Lanyue , He Jiaoyu , Deng Junhang , Song Zhilin , Li Qiufu , Cui Yanru , Liu Yiran , Ding Xianping , Zhou Yueping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1, NR5A1) is a key transcriptional regulator involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-steroidogenic organ development. Recently, heterozygous mutations in NR5A1 were found may contribute to the male infertility aetiology. Here, we investigated the association of polymorphisms in NR5A1 gene with azoospermic men in Sichuan, China. Methods: We have performed the NR5A1 gene direct secquencing in a cohort of 102 well-characterised idiopathic Chinese azoospermic infertile men versus 103 fertile men, who were selected by Semen analysis, Karyotype analysis and Y-chromosomal AZF deletion screening. We identified two previously described missense p. Results: Gly146Ala (rs1110061; c.437 G>C) and p.Arg313His (c.938G>A), and the frequency of 437C ( [OR] 1.846, 95% [CI] 1.227-2.778, P=0.003), 437GC (OR =1.884 , 95% CI =1.037-3.422 , P =0.037 ) and 437CC (OR =3.586 , 95% CI =1.397-9.206 , P =0.006 ) were found to be increased significantly in azoospermic patients while no mutations in control .Moreover, one novel heterozygous p.Ser322ILe (c.965 G >A) missense mutation was found in 8 patients which highly conserved serine to isoleucine shown in the Beta strand domain on SF-1 protein. Conclusions: This is the first study, according to our knowledge, to investigate the association between the polymorphisms of NR5A1 gene and azoospermic men in China, and these results suggest that the Gly146Ala polymorphism may be a susceptibility factor for the azoospermic men in Sichuan, China.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Cephalomedullary Nails and Dynamic Hip Screws for Basicervical Proximal Femoral Fractures
Authors: Jian Zhen , Lv Tao , Ao Rongguang , Jiang Xinhua , Zhou Jianhua , Yu Baoqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Basicervical proximal femoral fractures have greater biomechanical instability and higher incidence of implant-related complications than other types of proximal femoral fractures. The present retrospective study was performed to find a proper fixation treating basicervical proximal femoral fractures by a comparation of clinical outcomes between cephalomedullary nails and dynamic hip screws, and introduce our experience in surgical tricks and perioperative management. Methods Between January 2015 and December 2018, 821 patients aged 60 years or older suffering from a proximal femoral fracture and receive internal fixation surgery were reviewed. 25 patients of basicervical femoral fractures were included in the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 7 patients were treated with a DHS, 18 with the CMN. Relevant operational data and clinical evaluation were collected. Results Reduction qualities of 6 patients were good (85.7%), 1 were acceptable (14.3%) in DHS Group and 14 of the 18 patients were good (77.8%), 4 were acceptable (22.2%) in CMN Group. The mean TAD in DHS Group of was 17.4 mm while 20.3 mm in CMN Group. Bone union had been achieved 19.9 weeks in DHS Group and 17.8 weeks in CMN Group. The mean Harris score at the final follow up was 83.9, 84.4 respectively in DHS and CMN Group with no significant difference. Conclusions DHS was not inferior for the treatment of basicervical proximal femoral fractures compared to CMNs with blade type or two integrated screw type. When applied properly, both CMNs with blade type or two integrated screw type and DHS can achieve satisfied prognosis. Our unique experiences included anatomic reduction during surgery, anti-osteoporosis treatment and prolonged weight-bearing time.
The Apoptotic Effect of Polysaccharides with Specific Molecular Weight Extracted from Inonotus Obliquus on HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Han Xue , Zhao Sainan , Wang Yu , Sun Jialei , Chen Shiwei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Recently, much attention has been paid to natural products owing to their effective anticancer effects with relatively low toxicity, especially Inonotus obliquus (I. obliquus).Results: Polysaccharides with different molecular weights were filtered from water extract of I. obliquus using grading membrane filtration method. IOP60b (10 kDa ≤ molecular weight ≤ 30 kDa) was found to have the highest yield and the highest inhibition ratio of HT-29 cancer cells, therefore it was chosen to evaluate the apoptotic effect of HT-29 cancer cells. After treated with different concentrations of IOP60b, morphological changes including cell shrinkage and nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation in HT-29 cancer cells were observed, and cells in early apoptosis and late apoptosis significantly (p<0.05) increased in a dose-dependent manner by arresting cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. To further explore the underlying mechanism, RT-PCR and Western blotting were applied. Results indicated that both Bcl-2 family and Caspase family were involved in the process of apoptosis regulation and IOP60b induced cellular apoptosis via upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and activation of Caspase-3.Conclusion: These data suggested that IOP60b might be the potential candidate for the clinical prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.
Efficacy of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy for the Treatment of Patients Undergoing Lumbar Disc Herniation With Positive Nerve Root Sedimentation Sign: a Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Deng Luoyi , Yang Hua , Liu Miao , Deng Jin , Peng Guoxuan , Ning Xu , Sun Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the efficacy of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of patients who were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with positive nerve root sedimentation sign (NRSS).Methods: A total of 86 patients who underwent LDH were recruited and divided into NRSS-positive group (n=49) and NRSS-negative group(n=37). The visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to evaluate the low back pain and functional recovery and were compared between the two groups.Results: There were no significant differences in the demographic parameters between the two groups. The average area of the dural sac compression in the NRSS-positive group was significantly higher than that in the NRSS-negative group. Patients with a positive NRSS showed a better low back pain relief than those with a negative NRSS at 1 week and 1 month after surgery. The JOA and ODI in the NRSS-positive group were better than those in the NRSS-negative group at 3 months and 6 months postoperatively. The apparent efficiency of JOA and the excellent and good rate of ODI in the negative group was lower than that in the positive group at 6 months after surgery. Conclusions: Patients undergoing LDH with a positive NRSS showed better pain relief and functional recovery than those with a negative NRSS. The present study suggested that NRSS might be a valuable sign and associated with better clinical outcomes in patients undergoing LDH with the treatment of PTED.
Low-Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma (LGMS) of the Extremities – A Systematic Review and Case Report
Authors: Schenker Astrid , Lehner Burkhard , Gutjhar Ewgenija , Mechtersheimer Gunhild , Harhaus Leila , Panzram Benjamin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is a rare subtype of soft tissue sarcoma of intermediate grade often representing fibromatosis-like features with a rare metastasing behavior. This type of tumor has a predilection for the head and neck region, but also occurs in the extremities. Confirming the diagnosis is difficult and treatment strategies have to be chosen individually.Methods: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review for LGMS of the extremities. The electronic databases PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for eligible studies. 141 abstracts were screened on PubMed, while 10 studies were identified as eligible. Cases were summarized in terms of clinical aspects, therapeutic regimen with the primary endpoint of follow-up controls regarding local recurrence or distant metastasis. In addition, we present the rare case and surgical management of a 28-year-old male patient with residual LGMS of the thumb after initial incomplete resection. Results: 33 cases of LGMS in the extremities were identified on PubMed. Cochrane library didn’t show any results. All of them were surgically resected. Only two cases of LGMS in the hand were described in literature so far. Treatment options varied from local excision to wide resection without exact definition of the safety distance. 26 cases provided follow-up information with local recurrence in 6 cases (23 %), while 4 cases (15 %) showed distant metastasis. Conclusions: Wide resection should be the surgical aim to avoid local recurrence and distant metastases. While the excision of tumors of the thumb and hand often require closer resection margins, due to the close proximity of anatomical structures, tumor-free margins are elementary even if tissue transfer from a donor site is needed for reconstruction.
Prospective randomized controlled trial comparing inpatient and outpatient Foley catheter cervical ripening
Authors: Rahman Rahana Abdul , Mohamad Azzry , Kalok Aida Hani Mohd , Ismail Nor Azlin Mohamed , Salim Norsaadah , Ahmad Shuhaila 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the safety of Foley catheter cervical ripening and patients’ satisfaction in outpatient versus inpatient setting.
Methods

Sixty low risk women were randomized to outpatient (n = 25) and inpatient (n = 35) cervical ripening using Foley catheter. In both groups Foley catheter with 60 ml balloon was digitally inserted through the cervix with gentle traction applied. The outpatient group was discharged home after provision of verbal and written 24-hours contact information and instructions. The inpatient group was admitted to the ward. They were reassessed the next morning unless labor had begun or the catheter had dropped off.
Results

The demographic data between the two groups did not differ. The outpatient group has significant improvement in the Bishop score at second assessment (9.04 versus 7.89, p = 0.04), reduced duration of inpatient stay (41 versus 59, p < 0.001), able to sleep 5–6 hours (9 versus 1, p = 0.001), able to rest (23 versus 16, p = 0.001) and relax (23 versus 10, p < 0.001). Significantly, more women in the inpatient group had wished to be in the outpatient group (3 versus 21, p < 0.001). There was no difference in initial Bishop score, duration of oxytocin infusion and delivery within 24 hours. Both groups were similar in caesarean section rate, total blood loss, maternal and neonatal infection, primary postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal birthweight and cord pH. There was no incidence of uterine hyperstimulation, meconium aspiration syndrome and neonatal intensive care unit admission.
Conclusion

Outpatient Foley catheter cervical ripening had comparable efficacy and safety with inpatient for low-risk pregnancies and associated with better patient satisfaction.
Trial registration:

NCT04342741. It was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrial.gov
COVID-19 Transmission Risk and Protective Protocols in Dentistry: A Systematic Review
Authors: Banakar Morteza , Lankarani Kamran Bagheri , Jafarpour Dana , Moayedi Sedigheh , Banakar Mohammad Hasan , MohammadSadeghi Ashkan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Among several potential sources of transmission for the spreading of the COVID-19, dental services have received a high volume of attention. Several reports, papers, guidelines, and suggestions have been released on how this infection could be transmitted through dental services, and what should be done. This study has systematically reviewed the published literature on dentistry and COVID-19 in order to develop a practically feasible protocol for re-opening and reorientation of dental services. The recommendations identified were tested with a convenience sample of experienced practitioners, and a practical step-by-step protocol is presented in this paper.
Trends and dynamics in material and energy flows analysis in an urban context. A case study of a city with an emerging economy
Authors: Martínez Clara Inés Pardo , Alfonso William , Faccini Angelo , Cotte Alexander 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, most of the world’s population lives in cities, and this trend of the rapid urbanization of the population affects the increase in the demand for products, goods and services. To effectively design policies for urban sustainability it is important to know the trends of the flows of energy and materials that enter and leave the city. This knowledge is essential to recognize key elements characterizing the future urban growth and to be able to face supply challenges in the future. This paper presents the analysis of the flows of energy and materials (urban metabolism) in the city of Bogotá, covering a time span from 2001 to 2017. Urban flows are also characterized in terms of their temporal evolution with respect to the population growth, in order to compare and identify the changes in the main input flows, wealth production, emissions and waste in the city.Results: The results of the analysis are also compared with other selected large urban agglomerations in Latin America and worldwide, highlighting similarities and inferences. The results show that in Bogotá, there was a decrease in some of the material flow in recent years, such as the consumption of water and the generation of discharge, while there was an increase in the consumption of energy and cement and the production of CO2 emissions and construction materials. Solid waste production remained relatively stable. With respect to the other large cities considered, we observe that the 10-year growth rates of the metabolic flows with respect to the population growth are lower, in particular when compared with the other urban agglomeration of Latin America.Conclusions: The findings of this study are important to advance the characterization of the trends in material and energy flow in the city and contribute to the consolidation of a baseline that allows for the definition and evaluation of the different impacts of public policy that promotes the sustainability of the city in the coming decades.
Emerging supply chain of utilising electrical vehicle retired batteries in distributed energy systems
Authors: Jing Rui , Wang Junyao , Shah Nilay , Guo Miao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Increasing electric vehicles (EV) penetration leads to significant challenges in EV battery disposal. Reusing retired batteries in distributed energy systems (DES) offers resource-circular solutions. We propose an optimisation framework to model the emerging supply chains and design strategies for reusing the retired EV batteries in DES. Coupling a supply chain profit-allocation model with a DES design optimisation model, the framework maximises the whole chain profit and enables fair profit distribution between three interactive sectors, i.e., EV, DES, dismantling and recycle (D&R) sectors. Our research highlights the system implications of retired batteries on DES design and new modelling insights into incentive policy effectiveness. Our case study suggests significant potential value chain profits (2.65 million US$) achieved by deploying 10.7 MWh of retired batteries in the DES application with optimal retired battery price of 138 US$/kWh. The revenue support on D&R sector is suggested as a promising incentive scheme than tariff support.
Ubiquitination of System Xc- and GPX4 in rat brain stimulates ferroptosis and inflammation in hippocampal neurons after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Chen Junhui , Zhang Chunlei , Wang Yuhai , Liu Zhuanghua , Yang Shuo , Han Shoumeng , Tian Qi , Li Mingchang , Chen Qianxue 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis is a peroxidation-driven form of cell death. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and System Xc− are leading regulators of ferroptosis. This study investigated System Xc− and GPX4 ubiquitination in ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).Methods: SAH rat model was established by artery perforation operation. The mortality, neurological score, brain water content and blood brain barrier permeability were and analyzed. The morphology of mitochondria was observed, the content of reactive oxygen species and the pathology of hippocampal neurons were evaluated, and the iron deposition was observed. Levels of ferroptosis-related proteins and proinflammatory factors were detected. The protein interaction between System Xc− and GPX4 was verified. After ferroptosis was induced by FIN56 in neurons, the neurons were transfected with OTUB1 overexpression vector or ubiquitination inhibitors to verify the regulatory mechanism of System Xc− and GPX4 ubiquitination in ferroptosis.Results: After SAH operation, GPX4 was downregulated, and induced iron deposition and ROS accumulation. In SAH rats, System Xc− function was lost, GSH decreased, MDA content and SLC3A2, SLC7A11 and GPX4 ubiquitination increased, and OTUB1 expression decreased. SLC3A2 and OTUB1, GPX4 and OTUB1 can interact with each other in protein. Overexpression of OTUB1 reduced the ubiquitination of SLC3A2, SLC7A11 and GPX4 in FIN56-induced ferroptosis in neurons. Ubiquitination inhibitor or OTUB1 increased GSH level in ferroptotic neurons, and reduced ROS accumulation and inflammatory damage.Conclusion: SAH induced the ubiquitination of System Xc− and GPX4, resulting in GSH depletion, increased lipid oxidative damage, and promoted ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons.
Application of digital cholangioscopy assisted non-radiation endoscopic retrieval of common bile duct stones
Authors: Feng Yadong , Xu Wei , Liu Yang , Sun Xiaomei , Liang Yan , Bu Chibin , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Youyu , Zhang Jiong , Shi Ruihua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Few studies have evaluated digital cholangioscopy (DCS) assisted non-radiation endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (NR-ERCP) for choledocholithiasis. Here, we evaluated the application of DCS assisted NR-ERCP for endoscopic retrieval of common bile duct (CBD) stones.Methods Patients who underwent ERCP for choledocholithiasis and without prior ERCP were included. Data related to technical success and outcomes of DCS-assisted NR-ERCP and conventional ERCP were retrieved and compared. Procedure and technical details of DCS assisted NR-ERCP were collated and reviewed.Results In total, 304 and 53 patients who underwent conventional and DCS-assisted ERCP were recruited. Relatively larger stones (p < 0.001) was present in DCS assisted NR-ERCP. No statistical difference was present in biliary access, lithotripsy, stone removal and total complications. A higher proportion of larger balloon for EPBD (p < 0.001) and more ERCP sessions for stone clearance (p < 0.001) were present in conventional ERCP. In DCS-assisted ERCP, technical success was achieved in 52 (98.1%) patients and DCS-guided laser lithotripsy was applied in 9 (17%) patients. DCS guided laser lithotripsy was superior to mechanical lithotripsy for stone clearance (p < 0.001) in large stones. Mean length of biliary exploration and whole NR-ERCP were 8.60 ± 1.96 (6–19) and 32.96 ± 16.29 (13–82) minutes, respectively. One delayed bile-leakage, one moderate pancreatitis, two mild pancreatitis and five cases of hyperamylasemia occurred. Technical details and complications were not statistically differed between patients with a dilated and a non-dilated CBD.Conclusions DCS-based NR-ERCP is technically feasible and safe for retrieval of CBD stones. It provides an alternative to conventional ERCP for endoscopic treatment of simple choledocholithiasis.
Plot-level wood-leaf separation of trees using terrestrial LiDAR data based on a segmentwise geometric feature classification method
Authors: Wan Peng , Zhang Wuming , Jin Shuangna , Wang Tiejun , Yang Shengmei , Yan Guangjian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Detailed and accurate information about tree crown structures is crucial for researching tree physiology. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a promising technique for retrieving crown structure parameters but still faces bottlenecks in terms of data processing such as wood-leaf separation. Currently, most wood-leaf separation methods use pointwise and supervised classification strategies at the forest plot level, which is very time consuming for large-volume TLS datasets.Methods: In this study, we proposed a novel classification method to separate wood and leaf points based on connected component segmentation and segmentwise classification by geometric features. We tested the proposed method on both needleleaf and broadleaf forest plots and compared the results to those from a widely used pointwise classification method, CANUPO.Results: The results showed that the proposed segmentwise classification method is superior to CANUPO in terms of both classification accuracy and time efficiency, which were improved by 1.5 times and over 10 times, respectively.Conclusions: This study indicated that the segmentwise classification strategy is applicable to dense TLS data and can enhance the accuracy and efficiency of wood-leaf separation, which can in turn facilitate the retrieval of crown structure parameters.