bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why do clinicians overtest? A narrative review and workshop group discussion exploring influences on clinician overtesting as possible causes of overdiagnosis
Authors: Lam Justin H , Pickles Kristen , Stanaway Fiona , Bell Katy JL 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Screening and diagnostic tests provide important information to guide clinical management. Overtesting however may cause harm to patients and the healthcare system, including through overdiagnosis. Clinicians are ultimately responsible for test requests, and therefore are ideally positioned to prevent overtesting and overdiagnosis. Through this narrative literature review followed by group discussion at a conference workshop (Preventing Overdiagnosis Conference [PODC], Sydney, 2019), we aimed to identify and categorise factors that influence clinicians to request potentially unnecessary screening and diagnostic tests that could result in overdiagnosis.Methods: Articles exploring factors affecting clinician test ordering behaviour were identified through a systematic search of MedLine in April 2019, forward and backward citation searches and content experts. Two authors screened abstract titles and abstracts, and two authors screened full text for inclusion. Identified factors were categorised into a preliminary framework which was subsequently presented at the PODC for iterative development.Results: The MedLine search yielded 542 articles; 55 were included. Another 10 articles identified by forward-backward citation and content experts were included, resulting in 65 articles in total. Following small group discussion with workshop participants, a revised thematic framework of factors was developed: ● “Interpersonal” – pressure from colleagues and medical culture; pressure from patients and doctor-patient relationship● “Contextual” – clinician knowledge and understanding; cognitive biases and experiences; contemporary medical practice and new technology● “Environmental or workplace” – guidelines, protocols and policies; financial incentives; time constraints, physical vulnerabilities and language barriers; pre-emptive testing to facilitate subsequent care; availability, ownership and ease of access to tests● “Intrapersonal” – fear of malpractice and litigation; intolerance of uncertainty and risk aversion; sense of medical obligation Conclusion: Through this thematic framework, clinicians can become more aware of their test ordering behaviour and feel empowered to limit overtesting and overdiagnosis. This framework may also guide the development of a scale assessing clinician knowledge, attitudes and practices around overtesting and overdiagnosis, to facilitate measurement of the effects of clinician-targeted interventions to prevent overdiagnosis.
Fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis for the cartilage and meniscus of the knee: Kanagawa Knee Study
Authors: Aoki Hayato , Ozeki Nobutake , Katano Hisako , Hyodo Akinobu , Miura Yugo , Matsuda Junpei , Takanashi Kimiko , Suzuki Kenji , Masumoto Jun , Okanouchi Noriya , Fujiwara Takeo , Sekiya Ichiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveWe have developed a fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis software that measures the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR) to allow for the quantification of the cartilage in the knee. Our objectives were to verify our software’s accuracy for segmentation of cartilage and meniscus and to quantify cartilage and meniscus extrusion in our cross-sectional study. We also examined which cartilage quantification was most affected by age and analyzed the relationship between PCAR and meniscus extrusion.MethodsMRI data from 108 subjects were selected for training, and Dice similarity coefficients were determined from 5 other subjects to verify the accuracy. Our cross-sectional study included other 561 subjects between 30–70 years of age. We quantified cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR (0.0–1.5 mm) in medial femoral, lateral femoral, medial tibial, and medial lateral regions. Each region was divided into nine subregions, with particular focus on the medial central (mc) subregion. The medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR) was investigated as a quantification for meniscus extrusion.ResultsDice similarity coefficients for cartilage and meniscus were both approximately 0.9. Among cartilage quantifications, the highest absolute value of the correlation coefficient with age was mcMT PCAR 1.0 mm in females and mcMT cartilage thickness in males. In females, mcMT PCAR 1.0 mm was correlated with MMCR, although MMCR was not correlated with age. In males, mcMT PCAR 0.0 mm was correlated with MMCR.ConclusionsOur software showed high segmentation accuracy and provided numerous quantifications of cartilage related to age and meniscus extrusion.Trial registration: UMIN, UMIN000032826. Registered 1 September 2018, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000037299
Impact of Risk Perception on Trust in Government and Self-Efficiency During COVID-19 pandemic: Does Social Media Content Help Users Adopt Preventative Measures?
Authors: Hassan Mohammed Salah , Halbusi Hussam Al , Najem Ali , Razali Asbah , Williams Kent A. , Mustamil Norizah Mohd 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The public’s actions will likely have a significant effect on the course of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Human behavior is conditioned and shaped by information and perceptions of people. This study investigated the impact of risk perception on trust in government and self-efficacy. It examined whether the use of social media helps people adopt preventative actions during the pandemic. To test this hypothesis, data were gathered from 512 individuals (students and academicians) who were based in Malaysia during COVID-19. Our results suggested that risk perception had a significant effect on trust in government and self-efficacy. Moreover, these correlations were stronger when social media was used as a source for gathering information on COVID-19, and in some cases it even helped the user avoid being exposed to the virus. This study assessed the relationship between risk perception and the awareness gained from using social media during the pandemic and also highlighted how social media usage influences trust in government and self-efficacy.
THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUAL STUDENT MENTORING FOR TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM IN ENGLISH PRESERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: Wati Mega - 
Published: July 2020

Mentoring in preservice education is a key success factor, because not only can it transform the preservice teacher as the mentee, but also develop the mentor teacher professionally. This prelimenary study to find the impact of individual student mentoring was inspired by the awareness of its potential multidimentional impact for teacher professionalism. Two research questions guided this study. The first question is to find out the impact of this individual student mentoring from the student mentee’s point of view in terms of four dimensions, namely: psychological or emotional support, support for setting goals and choosing a career path, academic subject knowledge support, and a role model. The second research question explores how this kind of mentoring developed the mentor teacher professionally. Data were collected from the students in the form of questionaire and written reflection, and from the mentor teacher in the form of written reflection. Data were analyzed separately to attend to each reseach question. The findings show that the preservice students experienced the four dimensions in their individual mentoring, while the mentor teacher developed herself professionally in 3 areas, which were interactional skills, self-awareness, and attitude. The implication of the findings is discussed at the end.
Biological Evaluation of Selected 1,2,3-triazole Derivatives as Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Agents
Authors: André Lialyz Soares Pereira , Pereira Renata Freire Alves , Pinheiro Felipe Ramos , Pascoal Aislan Cristina Rheder Fagundes , Ferreira Vitor Francisco , de Carvalho da Silva Fernando , Gonzaga Daniel Tadeu Gomes , Costa Dora Cristina Silva , Ribeiro Tainara , Sachs Daniela , Aguiar-Alves Fábio 
Published: July 2020

Background:Resistance to antimicrobial agents is a major public health problem, being Staphylococcus aureus prevalent in infections in hospital and community environments and, admittedly, related to biofilm formation in biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilms form a complex and structured community of microorganisms surrounded by an extracellular matrix adhering to each other and to a surface that gives them even more protection from and resistance against the action of antimicrobial agents, as well as against host defenses.Methods:Aiming to control and solve these problems, our study sought to evaluate the action of 1,2,3- triazoles against a Staphylococcus aureus isolate in planktonic and in the biofilm form, evaluating the activity of this triazole through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) tests. We have also performed cytotoxic evaluation and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the biofilms under the treatment of the compound. The 1,2,3-triazole DAN 49 showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity (MIC and MBC 128 μg/mL). In addition, its presence interfered with the biofilm formation stage (1/2 MIC, p <0.000001) and demonstrated an effect on young preformed biofilm (2 MICs, p <0.05).Results:Scanning Electron Microscopy images showed a reduction in the cell population and the appearance of deformations on the surface of some bacteria in the biofilm under treatment with the compound.Conclusion:Therefore, it was possible to conclude the promising anti-biofilm potential of 1,2,3-triazole, demonstrating the importance of the synthesis of new compounds with biological activity.
Simultaneous Determination of Ultra-trace Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir in Geochemical Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Following Tin Fire Assay Preconcentration and Microwave Digestion
Authors: Ni Wenshan , Mao Xiangju , Zhang Hongli , Liu Lu , Guo Xiaorui , Sun Qiliang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh) and iridium (Ir) are platinum
group elements (PGEs) and also important elements of geochemistry and environmental chemistry
with the similar physic-chemical properties, which have been widely used in industry and laboratory.
However, due to the low abundance and inhomogeneous distribution in natural ore as well as the
nugget effect, the accurate determination of PGEs has been a challenge to analytical chemistry.

Methods:
In this work, a novel fire assay method was reported for the determination of ultra-trace Pt,
Pd, Rh and Ir in geochemical samples. Tin powder (Sn) instead of stannic oxide (SnO2) was used as a
fire assay collector to reduce the melting temperature from 1250°C to 1050°C, the escape of molten
material caused by high temperature was successfully avoided. Tin bead was compressed into thin
slice and dissolved by HCl. For the target Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir, HCl insoluble substance such as PtSn4,
PdSn4, RhSn4 and Ir3Sn7 were formed and separated from matrix by filtering. The metal compounds
precipitate together with filter paper were microwave-assisted completely digested by aqua regia
(50%, v/v), thence the sample solution was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
(ICP-MS).

Results:
Compared with nickel oxide and lead oxide in nickel sulfide /lead fire assay, the reagent
blank of tin powder were relatively low and could be directly employed in tin fire assay to collect Pt,
Pd, Rh and Ir without purifying. Moreover, the harm of nickel oxide and lead oxide to the analyst
and environment was avoided by using the non-toxic tin powder. The decomposition method of
chromite and black shale was investigated as well as the amount of tin powder and flour, microwave
digestion program for the determination of Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir were optimized. Besides, the influence
of mass spectrum interference of co-existing elements was discussed and the standard mode and kinetic
energy discrimination collision pool mode were compared. Under the optimal conditions, excellent
curve fitting of Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir were obtained between 0.01~100 ng mL-1, with the correlation
coefficients exceeding 0.9996. The detection limits were from 0.003 ng g-1 to 0.057 ng g-1.

Conclusion:
The developed method was applied to analyze the Chinese Certified Reference Materials
and the determined values were in good agreement with the certified values.
Task Scheduling Algorithm Based on Reliability Perception in Cloud Computing
Authors: Yuejuan Kuang , Zhuojun Luo , Weihao Ouyang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
In order to obtain reliable cloud resources, reduce the impact of resource
node faults in cloud computing environment and reduce the fault time perceived by the application
layer, a task scheduling model based on reliability perception is proposed.

Methods:
The model combines the two-parameter weibull distribution and analyzes various interaction
relations between parallel tasks to describe the local characteristics of the failure rules of resource
nodes and communication links in different periods. The model is added into the particle
swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and an adaptive inertial weighted PSO resource scheduling
algorithm based on reliability perception is obtained.

Results:
Simulation results show that when A increases to 0.3, the average scheduling length of the
task increases rapidly. When it is 0.4-0.6, the growth rate is relatively slow. When greater than 0.8,
the average scheduling length increases sharply, it can be seen that the r-PSO algorithm proposed in
this paper can accurately estimate the relevant parameters of cloud resource failure rule, and the
generated resource scheduling scheme has better fitness, and the optimization effect is more significant
with the increase in the number of tasks.

Conclusion:
With only a small amount of time added, the reliability of cloud services is greatly
improved.
The Discovery of Vibrio harveyi on Litopenaeus vannamei Infected White Feces Disease in Situbondo, East Java
Authors: Sumini Sumini , Kusdarwati Rahayu 
Published: July 2020

This research was conducted to discover Vibrio harveyi infected vannamei shrimp with White Feces Disease (WFD) in Situbondo, East Java Province. This research was conducted in November 2017 until September 2018. All Vibrio isolates from shrimp infected WFD were identified with biochemical tests, Analytical Profile Index/ API 20NE (BioMeriuex), and PCR with specific primers for V. harveyi. Additional parameters were the water quality, plankton brackishwater pond abundance, and antibiotic resistance test. Result showed that from 17 bacterial isolates identified, 10 isolates were V. harveyi (58.82%), three isolates were V. alginolyticus (17.65%), one V. fluvialis isolate (5.88%), one V. parahaemolyticus isolate (5.88%), and two non Vibrio isolates which were identified as Shewanella putrefaciens (11.76%). All isolates of V. harveyi also showed resistance activity on more than one antibiotic. Poor water quality had been identified as abnormal result of pH, alkalinity, salinity, ammonia levels and total organic matter level. Plankton abundance observation showed that Chloropyceae, Diatom, and Dinoflagellata dominated all sampled brackishwater ponds. This research concluded that V. harveyi were discovered on vannamei shrimp with poor water quality and plankton abundance in the pond samples.
ANALYSIS OF RHEOLOGICAL MODELS OF PROCESS OF SELF-FORMING OF GLUED WOODEN
Authors: Ponomarev Vladislav , Kashevarova Galina 
Published: July 2020

The article considers a promising technology for self-shaping glued wooden elements of curved forms. This method is based on rheological processes occurring in wood, such as dehumidification and swelling of wood and its anisotropic properties.
To predict the final curved shape of the wooden structure, the authors analyzed existing rheological models of wood and concluded that the rheological model proposed by European researchers includes the most complete list of factors that affect the process of deformation of wood: elastic and plastic deformation, drying and swelling of wood, deformation of viscous-elastic creep and mechanical sorption deformation.
Based on the results of experimental studies and numerical modeling of the change in the curvature of glued wooden elements, which were made by European researchers, it was found that the proposed rheological model of wood needs to be clarified, namely, the correction of hygro-expansion coefficients depending on the moisture content of wood.
A further direction of the authors’ research will be aimed at conducting model experiments to determine the hygro-expansion coefficients of different grades of wood depending on the thickness of the wooden elements and the orientation of the layers in the glued structure.
Karakteristik Disturbansi di Rentang Frekuensi 9-150 kHz Pada Sistem UPS Berbeban Induktif
Authors: Pratama Rheo Loridho , Sudiarto Budi 
Published: July 2020

In every UPS device there are power electronic components including inverters, therefore using an inverter will cause voltage disturbances at high frequency because the switching frequency of the inverter is at high frequency. Data recorded by the oscilloscope along with the Picolog Recorder software and processed by Matlab software to make it more efficient. Research conducted when the UPS uses dual conversion mode and with inductive load variations 0.35 H, 0.7 H, 1.4 H and 2.8 H. The test results show that voltage disturbances occur in three dominant frequency ranges at each level of load variations are 9-19 kHz, 20-30 kHz and 31-41 kHz. In the condition of 10% loading rate with a load of 0.35 H the peak voltage disturbances occur at 81.17 mV in frequency of 9.2 kHz and at the condition of the 75% loading rate with 2.8 H load the peak voltage disturbances that occur at 92.20 mV in frequency of 9.6 kHz. The disturbances voltage increases with the increasing of inductive loads that connected to UPS.
KOMUNITAS PUNK; SEBAB, AKIBAT DAN METODE PEMBINAAN DALAM PERPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: NK Mahdi 
Published: July 2020

Komunitas Punk adalah sekelompok remaja/pemuda yang mempunyai gaya hidup yang sangat menyimpang dari norma-norma masyarakat setempat. Komunitas ini lebih dikenal dari hal fashion yang dikenakan dan tingkah laku yang mereka perlihatkan, seperti potongan rambut mohawk dan diwarnai dengan warna-warni yang terang, memakai sepatu boots, hiasan rantai, berpakaian hitam, jaket kulit, celana jeans ketat dan baju yang lusuh. Bagi kebanyakan orang, perilaku social dari kelompok punk ini dinilai negatif dan seringkali bermasalah dengan hokum maupun norma-norma sosial yang ada di masyarakat sekitar. Untuk itu Pemerintah sudah berusaha banyak dalam membendung komunitas ini. Tapi nampaknya belum ada metode yang ampuh untuk mencegahnya. Dalam hal ini penulis menawarkan metode Yang Islami dalam menangani mereka. Kata Kunci: Komunitas Punk,Motode Pembinaan, Perspektif Islam
METODE PEMULIHAN TRAUMA BENCANA GEMPA MELALUI PENDEKATAN BIMBINGAN ISLAMI DI DESA TEUMANAH KECAMATAN TRIENGGADENG KABUPATEN PIDIE JAYA
Authors: Latif Umar 
Published: July 2020

Gempa bumi merupakan fenomena/bencana alam yang tidak dapat dihindari, mencegah terjadinya korban jiwa dalam jumlah besar merupakan sebuah tantangan bagi masyarakat dan pemerintah. Gempa yang terjadi pada 7 Desember 2016 lalu berkekuatan 6,5 skala richter mengguncang Kabupaten Pidie Jaya pada pukul 5.03.36 WIB. Pusat gempa berada di koordinat 5,25 LU dan 96,24 BT, tepatnya di darat pada jarak 18 kilometer tenggara Sigli, Pidie dan 2 kilometer Utara Meureudu, Pidie Jaya pada kedalaman 15 KM. Berdasarkan data BNPB mencatat 11.730 rumah rusak akibat gempa. Selain itu, tercatat 195 unit ruko roboh, 14 mesjid rusak, 1 rumah sakit rusak berat dan 1 unit sekolah roboh. Jumlah korban meninggal tercatat 97 orang di Pidie Jaya sebagai daerah terdampak paling parah. Selain itu, sebanyak 73 orang luka berat, 200 orang luka ringan, 10.00 ribu santri terluka. Kerugian-kerugian yang ditanggung oleh masyarakat, tidak hanya menyangkut materi, rumah, fisik, harta benda, aset-aset, pekerjaan, serta kehilangan anggota keluarga dan family, melainkan juga kerugian psikologis yang membutuhkan waktu relatif lama untuk proses pemulihannya. Peristiwa tersebut dapat menciptakan trauma tersendiri bagi masyarakat Kabupaten Pidie Jaya khususnya yang terkena dampak langsung dari musibah gempa. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) Mengetahui pengaruh bencana gempa terhadap trauma masyarakat; (2) Mendeskripsikan bentuk pendekatan dan bimbingan Islami dalam pemulihan trauma bencana gempa terhadap masyarakat; dan (3) Menganalisis peluang dan tantangan pemulihan trauma bencana gempa melalui pendekatan bimbingan Islami di Desa Teumanah Kecamatan Trienggadeng Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan di lapangan bahwa masyarakat korban gempa mengalami trauma, hal ini dapat dilihat dari dua indikator, pertama: dari ciri-ciri orang yang kena taruma di mana korban gempa Pidie Jaya merasakan dalam diri mereka kewaspadaan atau reaksi berlebihan jika mendengar sesuatu bunyi sudah terkejut, gangguan tidur, di mana mereka tidak berani tidur sendirian. Kedua: dari reaksi yang muncul dari aspek emosional seperti cemas, gugup, sedih, berduka, depresi, takut, khawatir kejadian akan terulang, jika dilihat dari aspek kognitif maka reaksi yang sering muncul dalam diri mereka adalah mudah bingung dan merasa lemah seakan-akan tidak berdaya, jika dilihat dari aspek behavior reaksi yang mereka alami adalah gangguan tidur dan gampang terkejut. Sedangkan bentuk metode bimbingan Islami yang digunakan oleh tokoh agama dari kalangan da’i perkotaan adalah Bilhikmah, mauizatul hasanah dan Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan. Kata Kunci: Gempa, Trauma, Bimbingan
Peran Pola Asuh Orang Tua Terhadap Pembentukan Konsep Diri Pada Anak
Authors: Hendri Hendri 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAKArtikel ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana Peran Orang Tua terhadap Pembentukan Konsep Diri pada Anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan studi literatur atau kajian kepustakaan. Tulisan ini merupakan bentuk gagasan atau pandangan yang dihasilkan dari studi literatur atau kajian kepustakaan yang dilakukan oleh penulis dari buku-buku dan jurnal-jurnal terkait tentang Peran Orang Tua terhadap Pembentukan Konsep Diri pada Anak. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kajian yang dilakukan menjelaskan bahwa Pola Asuh Orang Tua Memiliki Peranan Penting terhadap Pembentukan Konsep Diri pada Anak. Anak yang mendapat perlakuan yang positif, seperti jika anak berbuat salah maka diarahkan, diberi pengertian dan dinasehatin sehingga anak dapat mengerti untuk memperbaiki keselahanya dengan cara yang tepat, maka akan diprediksi anak tersebut akan memiliki konsep diri yang positif juga. Konsep diri yang positif terindikasi dari kualitas penyesuaian diri yang baik, tidak ragu dalam bertindak, berani mencoba, dan berani mengambil keputusan. Pola asuh seperti ini dinamakan dengan pola asuh demokratis. Sebaliknya anak yang mendapat perlakuan yang tidak menyenangkan dari orang tuanya, seperti sering memberikan stigma negatif dengan kata-kata “nakal dan bodoh” terhadap anaknya disaat melakukan suatu kesalahan atau gagal dalam satu kompetisi, maka akan diprediksi anak tersebut akan memiliki konsep diri yang negatif. Konsep diri yang negatif terindikasi dari kualitas penyesuaian diri yang kurang baik, ragu pada diri sendiri, takut mencoba, dan tidak berani dalam mengambil satu keputusan dengan bijak. Pola asuh seperti ini merupakan bentuk dari pola asuh otoriter. Pola asuh orang tua adalah hal yang paling urgen untuk diperhatikan, diketahui dan dipahami oleh setiap orang tua, karena merupakan salah satu faktor yang paling utama yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya konsep diri pada anak. Kata Kunci : Peran Pola Asuh Orang Tua, Konsep Diri