bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-quantile regression for tail-dependent time series
Authors: Zhang Ting 
Published: June 2020

SummaryQuantile regression is a popular and powerful method for studying the effect of regressors on quantiles of a response distribution. However, existing results on quantile regression were mainly developed for cases in which the quantile level is fixed, and the data are often assumed to be independent. Motivated by recent applications, we consider the situation where (i) the quantile level is not fixed and can grow with the sample size to capture the tail phenomena, and (ii) the data are no longer independent, but collected as a time series that can exhibit serial dependence in both tail and non-tail regions. To study the asymptotic theory for high-quantile regression estimators in the time series setting, we introduce a tail adversarial stability condition, which had not previously been described, and show that it leads to an interpretable and convenient framework for obtaining limit theorems for time series that exhibit serial dependence in the tail region, but are not necessarily strongly mixing. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the effect of tail dependence on high-quantile regression estimators, for which simply ignoring the tail dependence may yield misleading $p$-values.
Model-Based Comparison of Cloud-Edge Computing Resource Allocation Policies
Authors: Jiang Lili , Chang Xiaolin , Yang Runkai , Mišić Jelena , Mišić Vojislav B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The rapid and widespread adoption of internet of things-related services advances the development of the cloud-edge framework, including multiple cloud datacenters (CDCs) and edge micro-datacenters (EDCs). This paper aims to apply analytical modeling techniques to assess the effectiveness of cloud-edge computing resource allocation policies from the perspective of improving the performance of cloud-edge service. We focus on two types of physical device (PD)-allocation policies that define how to select a PD from a CDC/EDC for service provision. The first is randomly selecting a PD, denoted as RandAvail. The other is denoted as SEQ, in which an available idle PD is selected to serve client requests only after the waiting queues of all busy PDs are full. We first present the models in the case of an On–Off request arrival process and verify the approximate accuracy of the proposed models through simulations. Then, we apply analytical models for comparing RandAvail and SEQ policies, in terms of request rejection probability and mean response time, under various system parameter settings.
Avian mortality risk during heat waves will increase greatly in arid Australia during the 21st century
Authors: Conradie Shannon R , Woodborne Stephan M , Wolf Blair O , Pessato Anaïs , Mariette Mylene M , McKechnie Andrew E 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntense heat waves are occurring more frequently, with concomitant increases in the risk of catastrophic avian mortality events via lethal dehydration or hyperthermia. We quantified the risks of lethal hyperthermia and dehydration for 10 Australian arid-zone avifauna species during the 21st century, by synthesizing thermal physiology data on evaporative water losses and heat tolerance limits. We evaluated risks of lethal hyperthermia or exceedance of dehydration tolerance limits in the absence of drinking during the hottest part of the day under recent climatic conditions, compared to those predicted for the end of this century across Australia. Increases in mortality risk via lethal dehydration and hyperthermia vary among the species modelled here but will generally increase greatly, particularly in smaller species (~10–42 g) and those inhabiting the far western parts of the continent. By 2100 CE, zebra finches’ potential exposure to acute lethal dehydration risk will reach ~ 100 d y−1 in the far northwest of Australia and will exceed 20 d y−1 over &gt; 50% of this species’ current range. Risks of dehydration and hyperthermia will remain much lower for large non-passerines such as crested pigeons. Risks of lethal hyperthermia will also increase substantially for smaller species, particularly if they are forced to visit exposed water sources at very high air temperatures to avoid dehydration. An analysis of atlas data for zebra finches suggests that population declines associated with very hot conditions are already occurring in the hottest areas. Our findings suggest that the likelihood of persistence within current species ranges, and the potential for range shifts, will become increasingly constrained by temperature and access to drinking water. Our model adds to an increasing body of literature suggesting that arid environments globally will experience considerable losses of avifauna and biodiversity under unmitigated climate change scenarios.
Recommendations to enhance rigor and reproducibility in biomedical research
Authors: Brito Jaqueline J , Li Jun , Moore Jason H , Greene Casey S , Nogoy Nicole A , Garmire Lana X , Mangul Serghei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Biomedical research depends increasingly on computational tools, but mechanisms ensuring open data, open software, and reproducibility are variably enforced by academic institutions, funders, and publishers. Publications may present software for which source code or documentation are or become unavailable; this compromises the role of peer review in evaluating technical strength and scientific contribution. Incomplete ancillary information for an academic software package may bias or limit subsequent work. We provide 8 recommendations to improve reproducibility, transparency, and rigor in computational biology—precisely the values that should be emphasized in life science curricula. Our recommendations for improving software availability, usability, and archival stability aim to foster a sustainable data science ecosystem in life science research.
Performance Evaluation of Thyroid Function Tests on a Novel Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay System
Authors: Ahn Sunyoung , Cho Yonggeun , Lee Sang-Guk , Kim Jeong-Ho 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
The Alinity i system (Abbott), a recently developed automated immunoassay analyzer, has a compact footprint and a throughput of 200 tests per hour. Here, we present the first performance evaluation of thyroid function test (TFT) on the Alinity i system.

Methods
We performed precision, linearity, comparison, functional sensitivity, carryover, and reference interval verification of 4 hormones (Thyroid Stimulation Hormone; TSH, total T3, free T4, and total T4) using the reagents provided by the manufacturer following the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. The performance of Alinity i was compared to that of the Architect i2000 immunoassay analyzer (Abbott, US).

Results
The within-laboratory coefficients of variation for all the hormones were 1.6–3.6%. Linearity was observed for all the hormones over the entire tested analytical range (R2 ≥ 0.99). The results for all the evaluated hormones using Alinity i system strongly correlated (r ≥ 0.978) with those from Architect i2000. Functional sensitivity was lower than the lower limit of the analytical measurement range. Sample carryover was less than 1.0%.

Conclusions
TFTs on the Alinity i system showed acceptable performance in terms of precision, linearity, comparison, functional sensitivity, and carryover. Therefore, this system could be a useful laboratory tool for performing TFTs.
Understanding Autonomy: An Urgent Intervention
Authors: Reis-Dennis Samuel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, I argue that the principle of respect for autonomy can serve as the basis for laws that significantly limit conduct, including orders mandating isolation and quarantine. This thesis is fundamentally at odds with an overwhelming consensus in contemporary bioethics that the principle of respect for autonomy, while important in everyday clinical encounters, must be ‘curtailed’, ‘constrained’, or ‘overridden’ by other principles in times of crisis. I contend that bioethicists have embraced an indefensibly ‘thin’ notion of autonomy that uproots the concept from its foundations in Kantian ethics. According to this thin conception, respect for autonomy, if unconditioned by competing principles (beneficence, justice, non-maleficence) would give competent adults the right to do anything they desired to do so long as they satisfied certain baseline psychological conditions. I argue that the dominant ‘principlist’ model of bioethical reasoning depends on this thin view of autonomy and show how it deprives us of powerful analytical tools that would help us to think seriously about the foundations of human rights, justice, and law. Then, I offer a brief sketch of a ‘thick’, historically grounded notion of autonomy and show what we could gain by taking it seriously.
Evaluating Mergers and Divestitures: A Casino Case Study
Authors: Osinski F David , Sandford Jeremy A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite frequent use in practice, merger remedies receive little attention in the economics literature. We analyze the 2013 merger of two casino operators and the subsequent divestiture of one St. Louis casino. Using public data from the Missouri Gaming Commission, we employ a difference-in-difference framework with other Missouri casinos as the control group to estimate separate effects of the merger and divestiture on each St. Louis casino. Results indicate the merged firm benefited from efficiencies, resulting in lower prices and higher quantity; however, the divested casino performed worse than before the merger. Synthetic control estimates confirm these results. This study raises questions about whether to assess remedies by the performance of the divested asset or the consumer welfare of the entire merger. It also raises questions regarding remedy endogeneity: do firms face incentives to offer declining assets? Both have applicability beyond this case, supporting the need for further research. (JEL L1, L4)
WordNet construction for under-resourced languages using personalized PageRank
Authors: Berangi Parisa , Mousavi Zahra , Faili Heshaam , Shakery Azadeh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Wordnet development is an active research area among NLP researchers. Since the manual construction of the English wordnet was very costly both in terms of time and human expertise, automatic approaches have become very popular for wordnet development in languages other than English. Automatic methods usually benefit from an existing wordnet of a high resource language and use it as the backbone of their work. In this article, we present an unsupervised approach for automatic wordnet construction using a combination of Expectation–Maximization and personalized PageRank algorithms. Our method uses some typical and available language resources, so it is applicable to many languages including under-resourced ones. The proposed method needs just a bilingual dictionary and a monolingual corpus for developing a wordnet. In order to evaluate the proposed method, we apply it to the Persian language which is identified as an under-resourced language in NLP tasks. Evaluation results properly indicate the power of the proposed method to construct a high quality and large-scale wordnet for poor-resource languages. According to experiments, we achieve a precision of higher than 93% with a recall of 50%.
Pulsation in the white dwarf HE 1017−1352: confirmation of the class of hot DAV stars
Authors: Romero Alejandra D , Antunes Amaral L , Kepler S O , Fraga L , Kurtz D , Shibahashi H 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
We report the detection of periodic variations on the $T_\mathrm{eff}\simeq 32\, 000$ K DA white dwarf star HE 1017−1352. We obtained time series photometry using the 4.1-m Southern Astrophysical Research telescope on three separate nights for a total of 16.8 h. From the frequency analysis, we found four periods of 605, 556, 508, and 869 s with significant amplitudes above the 1/1000 false alarm probability detection limit. The detected modes are compatible with low harmonic degree g-mode non-radial pulsations with radial order higher than ∼9. This detection confirms the pulsation nature of HE 1017−1352 and thus the existence of the new pulsating class of hot DA white dwarf stars. In addition, we detect a long period of 1.52 h, compatible with a rotation period of DA white dwarf stars.
Determining Safe Participation in Aerobic Exercise Early After Stroke Through a Graded Submaximal Exercise Test
Authors: Inness Elizabeth L , Aqui Anthony , Foster Evan , Fraser Julia , Danells Cynthia J , Biasin Louis , Brunton Karen , Howe Jo-Anne , Poon Vivien , Tang Ada , Mansfield Avril , Marzolini Susan , Oh Paul , Bayley Mark 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
The benefits of aerobic exercise early after stroke are well known, but concerns about cardiovascular risk are a barrier to clinical implementation. Symptom-limited exercise testing with electrocardiography (ECG) is recommended but not always feasible. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of and corresponding exercise intensities at which ECG abnormalities occurred during submaximal exercise testing that would limit safe exercise prescription beyond those intensities.

Methods
This study was a retrospective analysis of ECGs from 195 patients who completed submaximal exercise testing during stroke rehabilitation. A graded submaximal exercise test was conducted with a 5- or 12-lead ECG and was terminated on the basis of predetermined endpoint criteria (heart rate, perceived exertion, signs, or symptoms). ECGs were retrospectively reviewed for exercise-induced abnormalities and their associated heart rates.

Results
The peak heart rate achieved was 65.4% (SD = 10.5%) of the predicted maximum heart rate or 29.1% (SD = 15.5%) of the heart rate reserve (adjusted for beta-blocker medications). The test was terminated more often because of perceived exertion (93/195) than because of heart rate limits (60/195). Four patients (2.1%) exhibited exercise-induced horizontal or downsloping ST segment depression of ≥1 mm. Except for 1 patient, the heart rate at test termination was comparable with the heart rate associated with the onset of the ECG abnormality.

Conclusion
A graded submaximal exercise test without ECG but with symptom monitoring and conservative heart rate and perceived exertion endpoints may facilitate safe exercise intensities early after stroke. Symptom-limited exercise testing with ECG is still recommended when progressing to higher intensity exercise.

Impact
Concerns about cardiovascular risk are a barrier to physical therapists implementing aerobic exercise in stroke rehabilitation. This study showed that, in the absence of access to exercise testing with ECG, submaximal testing with conservative heart rate and perceived exertion endpoints and symptom monitoring can support physical therapists in the safe prescription of aerobic exercise early after stroke.

Lay Summary
It is recommended that people with stroke participate in aerobic exercise as early as possible during their rehabilitation. A submaximal exercise test with monitoring of heart rate, perceived exertion, blood pressure, and symptoms can support physical therapists in safely prescribing that exercise.
The Drape Tower: A “Hands-Free” Draping Technique for Intraoperative Lateral Fluoroscopy Views
Authors: Lin Carol A. 
Published: June 2020

Summary:
Maintaining surgical field sterility during fracture surgery is critical for reducing the likelihood of postoperative infection. Lateral fluoroscopic views are frequently obtained by rotating the emitter under the bed and up immediately adjacent to the sterile field on the side of the injured limb. Contamination can be prevented by sterilely covering the emitter with each rotation from the upright to the lateral positions. Here, we describe a novel draping setup, which maintains fluoroscopic coverage in a “hands-free” manner. The technique uses widely available materials and allows the surgeon to proceed with surgery without the need for additional hands to manage the drape.
Increased Mortality and Major Complications in Hip Fracture Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A New York City Perspective
Authors: Egol Kenneth A. , Konda Sanjit R. , Bird Mackenzie L. , Dedhia Nicket , Landes Emma K. , Ranson Rachel A. , Solasz Sara J. , Aggarwal Vinay K. , Bosco Joseph A. , Furgiuele David L. , Ganta Abhishek , Gould Jason , Lyon Thomas R. , McLaurin Toni M. , Tejwani Nirmal C. , Zuckerman Joseph D. , Leucht Philipp ,   for The NYU COVID Hip Fracture Research Group
Published: June 2020

Objectives:
To examine one health system's response to the essential care of its hip fracture population during the COVID-19 pandemic and report on its effect on patient outcomes.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Seven musculoskeletal care centers within New York City and Long Island.

Patients/Participants:
One hundred thirty-eight recent and 115 historical hip fracture patients.

Intervention:
Patients with hip fractures occurring between February 1, 2020, and April 15, 2020, or between February 1, 2019, and April 15, 2019, were prospectively enrolled in an orthopaedic trauma registry and chart reviewed for demographic and hospital quality measures. Patients with recent hip fractures were identified as COVID positive (C+), COVID suspected (Cs), or COVID negative (C−).

Main Outcome Measurements:
Hospital quality measures, inpatient complications, and mortality rates.

Results:
Seventeen (12.2%) patients were confirmed C+ by testing, and another 14 (10.1%) were suspected (Cs) of having had the virus but were never tested. The C+ cohort, when compared with Cs and C− cohorts, had an increased mortality rate (35.3% vs. 7.1% vs. 0.9%), increased length of hospital stay, a greater major complication rate, and a greater incidence of ventilator need postoperatively.

Conclusions:
COVID-19 had a devastating effect on the care of patients with hip fracture during the pandemic. Although practice patterns generally remained unchanged, treating physicians need to understand the increased morbidity and mortality in patients with hip fracture complicated by COVID-19.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of Levels of Evidence.
Pediatric Anxiety in Practice: A Knowledge and Needs Assessment of Pediatricians and Nurses
Authors: Rozenman Michelle , Patarino Kassidy M. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
To assess pediatric primary care providers' (PCPs) knowledge, perceived barriers, and needs related to child and adolescent anxiety in their practice.

Methods:
Primary care providers licensed and practicing in the state of Colorado were invited to complete an online knowledge and needs assessment. The survey queried their knowledge of pediatric anxiety, experience in assessing and treating anxiety, perceived barriers in their practice setting to adequately addressing youth anxiety, and interest in additional training on this topic.

Results:
Survey completers included 115 PCPs (51 medical doctors and 64 nurses/nurse practitioners). PCPs had been practicing with their current medical license with pediatric patients for an average of 14 years (SD = 10.45), and 70% reported that they regularly discuss anxiety with patients and parents. Although PCPs had a basic knowledge of youth anxiety, there appeared to be significant gaps in PCP knowledge. Specifically, knowledge gaps included evidence-based assessment and treatment, how to differentiate between developmentally appropriate, transient episodes of anxiety versus anxiety disorders, and where and how to refer youth for specialty services. Nearly all (80%) PCPs indicated that they would be “extremely interested” in additional training in pediatric anxiety, particularly if it occurred in their organizational setting, at a nearby community setting, or online.

Conclusion:
Primary care providers reported that a substantial proportion of the patients they see struggle with anxiety. PCPs also reported a growing need for training in how to assess, treat, and refer anxious youth. This needs assessment supports a need for the development of easily accessible training and resources for PCPs to better support their pediatric patients.
Validity of Antineoplastic Procedure Codes in the Danish National Patient Registry
Authors: Broe Martin Oskar , Jensen Peter Bjødstrup , Mattsson Thea Otto , Pottegård Anton 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Procedure codes in the Danish National Patient Registry are used for administrative purposes and are a potentially valuable resource for epidemiologic research. To our knowledge, the validity of antineoplastic procedure codes has only been evaluated in one study.

Methods:
We randomly extracted a sample of 420 patients in the Southern Region of Denmark with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer and an oncology contact during 2016–2018. Using the medical record as gold standard, we computed the positive predictive value (PPV) and sensitivity of antineoplastic procedure codes recorded in the Danish National Patient Registry.

Results:
We identified 2,243 codes for antineoplastic treatments in the registry and 2,299 in the medical records. We confirmed that 213 of 214 patients with registered therapies in the Danish National Patient Registry received therapy, corresponding to a PPV of “any registration” of 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.97, 1.00). Considering single registrations, the overall PPV was 0.95 (95% CI = 0.94, 0.95), and the overall sensitivity was 0.90 (95% CI = 0.89, 0.91). Number of recorded treatments and treatments administered were strongly correlated. Considering the most frequent single antineoplastic regimens, PPV ranged from 0.90 (95% CI = 0.87, 0.92) for capecitabine to 0.98 (95% CI = 0.95, 1.00) for cetuximab, whereas sensitivity ranged from 0.81 (95% CI = 0.75, 0.87) for 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) regimen to 0.97 (95% CI = 0.94, 0.99) for bevacizumab. Analysis per hospital showed the highest validity of registrations at the University Hospital.

Conclusion:
The validity of antineoplastic procedure codes in the Danish National Patient Registry is generally high and thus usable for epidemiologic research.