bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HLA-DPA1 gene is a potential predictor with prognostic values in multiple myeloma
Authors: Yang Jie , Wang Fei , Chen Baoan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological tumor, which is closely related to hypoxic bone marrow microenvironment. We took integrated bioinformatics analysis with expression profile GSE110113 downloaded from National Center for Biotechnology Information-Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) database, and screened out major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 (HLA-DPA1) as a hub gene related to hypoxia in MM.Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtrated with R package “limma”. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were performed using “clusterProfiler” package in R. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. Hub genes were screened out according to Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC). PrognoScan evaluated all the significant hub genes for survival analysis. ScanGEO was used for visualization of gene expression in different clinical studies.Results: HLA-DPA1 was finally picked out as a hub gene in MM related to hypoxia. MM patients with down-regulated expression of HLA-DPA1 has statistically significantly shorter disease specific survival (DSS) (COX p =0.005411). Based on the clinical data of GSE47552 dataset, HLA-DPA1 expression showed significantly lower in MM patients than that in healthy donors (HDs) (p=0.017).Conclusion: We identified HLA-DPA1 as a hub gene in MM related to hypoxia. HLA-DPA1 down-regulated expression was associated with MM patients’ poor outcome. Further function and mechanism studies are need to investigate HLA-DPA1 as potential therapeutic target.
“The kind of support that matters to exclusive breastfeeding” a qualitative study
Authors: Dasheka Zukiswa Theodorah , Rala Ntombana Mc'Deline 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Worldwide, only 41% of infants are exclusively breastfed for the first six months while South Africa has an alarming figure of only 12%. First-time mothers are inexperienced in the initiation and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding, hence a need for support. Data on forms and quality of exclusive breastfeeding support as experienced by first-time mothers is minimal. The study explored the exclusive breastfeeding support available to the first time mothers in the Buffalo City Metro, South Africa.
Methods
A qualitative explorative, descriptive and contextual study, and a non-probability, purposive sampling was used with 10 first-time mothers within the first six months postpartum. The in-depth face-to-face semi-structured individual interviews for data collection and Creswell’s steps of thematic analysis was used.
Results
Two themes emerged; challenges, empowerment, support and resilience during initiation of exclusive breastfeeding, and diverse support and resilience during maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding. First-time mothers received practical support majorly from nurses and other mothers during the initiation; social support was from family members, friends, and community members for the maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding. Sometimes there was a disjuncture between practical support from nurses and that from family members and community. There were instances where the support was needed but not given or not supportive of exclusive breastfeeding.
Conclusion
These findings illustrate that professional, practical and social support for first-time mothers is crucial in the initiation and maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months. Timing and the kind of support given to these mothers is crucial for successful exclusive breastfeeding.
Gene Expression Patterns of Red Sea Urchins (Mesocentrotus Franciscanus) Exposed to Different Combinations of Temperature and pCO2 During Early Development
Authors: Wong Juliet M. , Hofmann Gretchen E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The red sea urchin Mesocentrotus franciscanus is an ecologically important kelp forest herbivore and an economically valuable wild fishery species. To examine of how M. franciscanus responds to its environment on a molecular level, differences in gene expression patterns were observed in embryos raised under combinations of two temperatures (13 °C and 17 °C) and two pCO2 levels (475 matm and 1050 matm). The transcriptomic responses of the embryos were assessed at two developmental stages (gastrula and prism) in light of previously described plasticity in body size and thermotolerance under these temperature and pCO2 treatments.Results: Although transcriptomic patterns primarily varied by developmental stage, there were pronounced differences in gene expression as a result of the treatment conditions. Temperature and pCO2 treatments led to the differential expression of genes related to the cellular stress response, transmembrane transport, metabolic processes, and the regulation of gene expression. Temperature had a greater influence on gene expression than pCO2, and may have contributed to positive effects of temperature on body size and thermotolerance at the prism stage. On the other hand, a relatively muted transcriptomic response to pCO2 may have permitted the stunting effect of elevated pCO2 on embryo body size.Conclusions: M. franciscanus exhibited both transcriptomic and phenotypic plasticity in response to temperature and pCO2 stress during early development. As climate change continues, red sea urchins may benefit from moderate ocean warming, whereas they will be negatively affected by ocean acidification. Present-day pCO2 conditions that occur due to coastal upwelling may already be detrimental to populations of M. franciscanus.
Network analysis of firearm movement among US states
Authors: Takada Sae , Choi Kristen , Natsui Shaw , Saadi Altaf , Buchbinder Liza , Easterlin Molly , Zimmerman Frederick 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The movement of firearm across state lines may decrease the effectiveness of state-level firearm laws. Yet how state-level firearm policies affect cross-state movement have not yet been widely explored. This study aims to characterize the interstate movement of firearms and its relationship with state-level firearm policies. Methods: Cross-sectional time series network analysis of interstate firearm movement using Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives firearm trace data (2010 -2017). We constructed the network of firearm movement between 50 states. We used zero-inflated negative binomial regression to estimate the relationship between the number of a state’s firearm laws and number of states for which it was the source of 100 or more firearms, adjusting for state characteristics. We used a similar model to examine the relationship between firearm laws and the number of states for which a given state was the destination of 100 or more firearms.Results: Over the 8-year period, states had an average of 26 (SD 25.2) firearm laws. On average, a state was the source of 100 or more crime-related firearms for 2.2 (SD 2.7) states and was the destination of 100 or more crime-related firearms for 2.2 (SD 3.4) states. Greater number of firearm laws was associated with states being the source of 100 or more firearms to fewer states (IRR0.67 per SD, p<0.001), higher odds of not being a source to any states (aOR1.56 per SD, p<0.001), and states being the destination of 100 or more firearms from more states (IRR1.83 per SD, p<0.001).Conclusions: Restrictive firearm policies are associated with less movement of firearms to other states, but with more movement of firearms from outside states. The effectiveness of state-level firearm-restricting laws is complicated by a network of interstate firearm movement.
Formation and tuning of moir&#x00E9; excitons in large-twist angle WS2/MoSe2 heterobilayers
Authors: Zhang Long , Zhang Zhe , Wu Fengcheng , Wang Danqing , Gogna Rahul , Hou Shaocong , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Kulkarni Krishnamurthy , Kuo Thomas , Forrest Stephen , Deng Hui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Moire lattices formed in twisted van der Waals bilayers provide a unique, tunable platform to realize coupled electron or exciton lattices unavailable before. While twist angle between the bilayer has been shown to be a critical parameter in engineering the moire potential and enabling novel phenomena in electronic moire systems, studies of moire excitons so far have focused on closely angularly-aligned heterobilayers. The twist-angle degree of freedom has been largely considered detrimental to the observation of moire excitons. Here we report robust moire excitons in bilayers of even large twist angles formed due to Umklapp scattering by the moire reciprocal lattice vectors, and we furthermore demonstrate twist-angle tuning of the properties of the moire excitons as a result of varying moire reciprocal lattice periods. We develop an intuitive analytical model to explain our results, and, from the twist-angle dependence, obtain the effective mass of the interlayer excitons and the electron inter-layer tunneling strength, which are difficult to measure experimentally otherwise. These findings pave the way for understanding and engineering rich moire -lattice induced phenomena in angle-twisted semiconductor van der Waals semiconductor heterostructures.
Impact of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards in Ghana: A micro perspective
Authors: Bukari Chei , Essilfie Gloria , Aning-Agyei Millicent Abigail , Otoo Isaac Christopher , Kyeremeh Christian , Owusu Anothony Akwesi , Amuquandoh Kofi Fosu , Bukari Ibrahim Kpanja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has become a global epidemic, hit Ghana on 12th March 2020 and, in less than a week, increased by over 300 percent with two deaths. As of 11th June 2020, Ghana had recorded over 11,000 cases with 48 deaths. This study seeks to provide a micro-level evidence on how COVID-19 is posing a threat to some of the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly poverty and hunger in Ghana. Specifically, the study examined the effect of COVID-19 on poverty and living standards of Ghanaian households. It also analyzed which class of persons within the income distributions is mostly hit by the pandemic. Data on 3,905 households were obtained via concurrent online survey and telephone interviews. Multiple analytical approaches were employed: Ordinary least squares, probit model and simultaneous quantile regressions. The results showed that COVID-19 had significantly increased the poverty levels of households, while deteriorating living standards. The study also showed that gender and locational heterogeneities exist regarding the impact of COVID-19 with females and rural dwellers mostly disadvantaged. However, the simultaneous quantile regression showed that in terms of overall household consumption, those in the middle and upper classes were heavily affected compared to those in the lowest class. A key policy implication from this study is that Ghana needs to broaden its social protection programmes to assist both the new poor and existing poor.
COVID-19 Related Anxiety and Concerns Expressed by Pregnant and Postpartum Women- a Survey Among Obstetricians
Authors: Nanjundaswamy Madhuri H , Shiva Lakshmi , Desai Geetha , Ganjekar Sundarnag , Kishore Thomas , Ram Uma , Satyanarayana Veena , Thippeswamy Harish , Chandra Prabha S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper from India describes anxieties that pregnant and postpartum women reported to obstetricians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 118 obstetricians who responded to an online survey, most had been contacted for concerns about hospital visits (72.65%), methods of protection (60.17%), the safety of the infant (52.14%); anxieties related to social media messages (40.68%), contracting the infection (39.83%). Obstetricians felt the need for resources such as videos, websites and counselling skills to handle COVID related anxiety among perinatal women.
Characterization of Rhamnolipids for the Inactivation of Enveloped Viruses
Authors: Jin Ling , Black Wendy , Sawyer Teresa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the face of new emerging respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV2, vaccines, and drug therapies are not immediately available to curb the spread of the infection. Non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as mask-wearing and social distance, can slow the transmission. However, both mask and social distance are not 100% effective at preventing the spread of respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV2 and influenza viruses. There is an urgent need to develop an intervention that could reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Rhamnolipids are environmentally friendly and biologically safe surfactants that can kill enveloped viruses. Two rhamnolipid products, 222A and 222B, were investigated in this study to determine their ability to inactivate two enveloped viruses, bovine coronavirus and herpes simplex virus 1. We found that 222B at 0.005%, which has no toxicity to cells, can inactivate 105 PFU/ml enveloped viruses in 3-5 min. Moreover, 50-100µl of 222B at 0.005% on 1 cm2 mask fabrics can inactivate ~ 103 PFU /10 µl in 3-5 min. These results suggest that 222B can be coated on masks to prevent or reduce the spread of enveloped viruses.
Hydroxysafflor yellow A promotes osteogenesis and bone development via epigenetically regulating β-catenin and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhuo Tingling , Li Ying , Zhang Meng , Zhou Chi , Zhang Jinfang , Li Gang , Wang Haibin , Xu Liangliang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) forming excessive adipocytes has been proven to be the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, leaving the bone more fragile. The approaches to promoting osteogenesis of MSCs are regarded as the promising direction to prevent osteoporosis. In clinical treatment, there is increasingly prevalent that traditional Chinese medicine treats common bone diseases including osteoporosis. HuoXue Tong Luo capsule (HXTL capsule) containing Safflower, Angelica sinensisetc, is one of the most frequently used prescriptions for osteoporosis with promising effects. In our study, we have demonstrated Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), belonging to one of essential compounds of Safflower, promote bone development and inhibit ovariectomized osteoporosis and explored its potential mechanisms in vitro.Materials and methods: We first investigated the effects of HSYA on viability and osteogenesis in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). RNA sequencing analysis and ChIP assay were conducted to find out the potential mechanism of bone formation effect of HSYA. In vivo, through the chick embryo and ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis rat model, we analyzed the function of bone development and formation of HSYA. Results: Taken all the results of our experiments together, it is safe to conclude that HSYA can promote osteogenesis via KDM7A as an epigenetic role to activate histone demethylation in β-catenin. More importantly, our study indicated that HSYA could promote bone development and protect against OVX-induced bone loss. Conclusion: These findings could pave the way to the potential development of HSYA-targeted therapeutic treatments for skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis.
A comprehensive analysis of cotton VQ gene superfamily reveals their potential and extensive roles in regulating cotton abiotic stress
Authors: Yu Shuxun , Chen Pengyun , wei Fei , Cheng Shuaishuai , Ma Liang , Wang Hantao , Zhang Meng , Mao Guangzhi , Lu Jianhua , Hao Pengbo , Ahmad Adeel , Gu Lijiao , Ma Qiang , Wu Aimin , Wei Hengling 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Valine-glutamine (VQ) motif-containing proteins play important roles in plant growth, development and abiotic stress response. For many plant species, the VQ genes have been identified and their functions have been described. However, little is known about the origin, evolution, and functions (and underlying mechanisms) of the VQ family genes in cotton.
Results
In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of 268 VQ genes from four Gossypium genomes and found that the VQ proteins evolved into ten clades, and each clade had a similar structural and conservative motif. The expansion of the VQ gene was mainly through segmental duplication, followed by dispersal. Expression analysis revealed that the VQ genes play important roles in response to salt and drought stress, especially GhVQ18 and GhVQ84 were significantly high expression in PEG stress and salt stress. Further analysis showed that GhVQ genes were co-expressed with GhWRKY transcription factors (TFs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) could hybridize to their cis-regulatory elements.
Conclusions
The results in this study broaden our understanding of the VQ gene family in plants, and the analysis of the structure, conserved elements, and expression patterns of the VQ genes provide a solid foundation for exploring their specific functions in the abiotic stress responses in cotton. Our study provides significant insight into the potential functions of VQ genes in cotton.
Pharmacy Stakeholder Reports on Ethical and Logistical Considerations in Anti-Opioid Vaccine Development
Authors: Wartenweiler Vincent M , Chung Grace S , Stuart Amy , Wenthur Cody 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: As opioid use disorder (OUD) incidence and its associated deaths continue to persist at elevated rates, the development of novel treatment modalities is warranted. Recent strides in this therapeutic area include novel anti-opioid vaccine approaches. OBJECTIVES: Compare logistical and ethical considerations surrounding currently available interventions for opioid use disorder with an anti-opioid vaccine approach. METHODS: The opinions of student pharmacists and practicing pharmacists regarding utilization and perceived efficacy of current and future OUD management strategies were assessed using a staged, multi-modal research approach incorporating a focus group, pilot survey development and refinement, and final survey deployment. Survey responses were assessed using one- and two-way parametric and non-parametric analyses where appropriate, and multi-dimensional matrix profiles were compared using z-tests following an exhaustive combinatorial sum of differences calculation between items within each compared matrix. RESULTS: Focus group content analysis revealed a high level of agreeableness among participants regarding anti-opioid vaccine technology and a sense of shared ownership regarding solutions to the opioid epidemic at large. Pilot survey results demonstrated subject ability to consider both pragmatic and ethical considerations related to current therapeutics and novel interventions in a single instrument, with high endurance amongst engaged subjects. Access inequality was the most concerning ethical consideration identified for anti-opioid vaccines. Support for anti-opioid vaccine implementation across various clinical scenarios was strongest for voluntary use amongst individuals in recovery, and lowest for mandatory use in at-risk individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Ethical and logistical concerns surrounding anti-opioid vaccines were largely similar to those for current OUD therapeutics overall. Anti-opioid vaccines were endorsed as helpful potential additions to current OUD therapeutic approaches, particularly for voluntary use in the later stages of clinical progression.
Clinical Features and Genotypes of Laing Distal Myopathy in a Group of Chinese Patients, With In-Frame Deletions of MYH7 as Common Mutations
Authors: Yu Meng , Zhu Ying , Lu Yuanyuan , Lv He , Zhang Wei , Yuan Yun , Wang Zhaoxia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Laing distal myopathy is a rare autosomal dominant inherited distal myopathy caused by mutations of the MYH7 gene affecting mainly the rod region. We described the clinical features, muscle MRI and pathological changes as well as genetic mutations in a group of Chinese patients of Laing distal myopathy. Results: Six patients with the confirmed diagnoses of Laing distal myopathy were recruited. Ankle dorsiflexion and finger extension weakness were common in our patients as well as neck flexion weakness. Myopathic as well as neurogenic lesions were suggested by electromyography in different patients. Respiratory abnormality of sleep apnea was detected in two of our patients stressing the necessity of close respiratory monitoring in this disease. Muscle MRIs showed similar features of concentric fatty infiltration of anterior thigh muscles together with early involvement of tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus. However, muscle pathological presentations were varied depending on the biopsied muscles and severity of the disease. In-frame deletions of the MYH7 gene made up 3/4 of mutations in our patients, suggesting these are common mutations of Laing distal myopathy. Conclusions: Our study further expanded the phenotypes and genotypes of Laing distal myopathy. In-frame deletions of MYH7 gene are common causes of Laing distal myopathy.
A network pharmacology-based analysis to distinguish the differences between Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos
Authors: Gao Yu , Wang Fengxue , Liu Qing , Qi Yaodong , Wang Qiuling , Liu Haibo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Multiple basal plants are commonly used as materia medica in the traditional medicine of various nationalities and ethnicities worldwide. We call this practice “multibasal-plant materia medica” (MBPMM). So we proposed the application of network pharmacological method that it can provide a new way of distinguishing the differences among the different basal plants used in traditional medicines. We apply the method in investigating the differences and similarities in the material bases and mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activities of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos. Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos share plenty of similarities in terms of anti-inflammatory mechanisms and material bases. Both of them mainly act on airway inflammation and tumour inflammation via the NF-κB signalling pathway and immune response, oxidation and signal transduction. However, Lonicerae Flos acts on inflammation with greater intensity than Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. We argue that they can be used interchangeably for the prevention and treatment of tumours and airway inflammation at a proper dosage. Otherwise, Lonicerae Flos may be more appropriate for treating neurological and metabolism-related inflammation, whereas Lonicerae Japonicae Flos is more suitable for the treatment of inflammation of systemic organs, such as intestines.