bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ukon jäljet paikoissa ja paikannimissä (tulossa)
Authors: Aalto Tiina 
Published: March 2020

Tiina Aallon suomen kielen alaan kuuluva väitöskirja tarkastettiin Helsingin ylipistossa lauantaina 21. syyskuuta 2019. Vastaväittäjänä toimi FT, Suomen Akatemian tutkijatohtori Taarna Valtonen, Giellagas-instituutista Oulun yliopistosta ja kustoksena professori Terhi Ainiala.
Tiina Aalto: Ukon jäljet paikoissa ja paikannimissä: tutkimus ukko-elementin sisältävästä nimistöstä. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto 2019. Kirja on luettavissa Helsingin yliopiston E-thesis-palvelussa osoitteessa https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/304967.
Entrepreneurial Spirit of The Entrepreneurs and Non-Entrepreneurs Millennials
Authors: Genoveva Genoveva , Tanardi Jason 
Published: March 2020

This research aims the analyze the entrepreneurial spirit of millennials both of the entrepreneur and the non-entrepreneur. The respondents of this research were the alumni of President University, as all of the alumni during their study in President University got the entrepreneurship subject as one of the university mandatory subject. Respondents data were collected by an online questionnaire, using the Google form. The valid data as much as 170 and processed with SPSS version 22. The result of the study shows that, there are differences of non-entrepreneur millennials and entrepreneur millennials. In correlation there is a positive and strong correlation of Passion, Innovation, Adaptability, Sustainability and Competitiveness to Performance of Entrepreneur and Non-Entrepreneur millennials. By descriptive analysis, millennials of the Non-Entrepreneurs have a higher mean compared with the millennials who are entrepreneurs.
The Supervisor’s Support For Silence And The Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role Of Organizational Silence Behavior
Authors: Rayan Adel R. M. , Ali Nadia A. M. , Abdel Moneim Mostafa S. K. 
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study was to test the relationship between supervisor support for silence and organizational commitment, as well as testing the relationship between supervisor support for silence and organizational silence behavior. The study also aimed to identify the relationship between organizational silence behavior and organizational commitment, as well as the test of the mediation role of silence behavior in the relationship between supervisor support for silence and organizational commitment.
The study was applied to a sample of (365) employees from Assiut university in Egypt. The current study used Brinsfield (2009) scale to measure the supervisor support for silence, and organizational silence behavior which was prepared based on several studies (Morrison & Obligation either, Melliken; 2000; Pinder & Harlos, 2001; Vakola & Buradas, 2005) where the organizational commitment was measured by Morrow (1983).
Data analyzed using the SPSS program Data, as well as the AMOS program to test the quality of compatibility between data collected and theoretical data, and the structural model to test the hypotheses of the study.
The study found that there is a negative relationship between the supervisor's support for silence and the organizational commitment. There is a positive correlation between supervisor support for silence and organizational silence behavior and a negative relationship between the behavior of organizational silence and organizational commitment. The study also found that the Organizational Silence behavior mediated the relationship between Supervisor’s support for silence and the Organizational Commitment. Directions for managerial implications are recommended to Assiut University. The study ended with the limitations and avenues for future research.
Soil Resistivity Adequacy Assessments: Case Study of Proposed School of Environmental Technology Building Federal University of Technology, Akure
Authors: Olayinka Oyeleye Matthew , Makanju T. D. 
Published: March 2020

Earthing system are used to divert faulty currents to the ground or earth. Thus, a properly designed earthing system capable of dissipating fault currents safely to the ground or earth is required for safety of life and property hence the focus of this project in determining earthing resistance/resistivity adequacy of a Proposed School of Environmental Technology Building (PHASE III), Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. 4-point measuring technique, Wernner method, using digital earth tester, model 6472-AEMC is used in this work. The site is divided into five transverse for the tree buildings on site. The result shows that the earthing resistance of one building (transverses 1 and 3) generally varies from 3.9? to 54 ?, second building: 2.3? to 11.9? and for third building: 2.2? to 6.4 ?. Of the samples taken, building 1, 2 and 3 conformed to 4%, 47% and 50% of International Electrochemical Standard (IEC) and 48%, 60% and 100% of British International Standard (BIS). Transverse 5 is the best transverse for earthing because 50% of the points met IEC and 100% of the points met BIS standard for earthing resistance value. Earthing rod or mat can be installed at some points in building 1 and 2 in their transverse but not at every point but at any point in building 3 transverse. Earthing rod or mat at can be installed at 150mm (minimum) in the transverse that meet up the international code’s resistance value requirement.
The result also establishes that resistance is directly proportional to soil resistivity, the lower the earth resistance the lower the soil resistivity. Building 3 which is closest to swamp area has lower resistance value (2.2?). The site is okay for earthing without any earthing improvement. Earthing resistance value test should be carried out on site prior earthing installation.
Evaluation of the Current Land Registration System in the Gaza Strip
Authors: El-Hallaq Maher A. , El-Sheikh Eid Mahmoud I. 
Published: March 2020

The increasing demand on land in Palestine has been significantly increasing from time to time by the ever rapidly growing need of the human and livestock population. It may be known that there are some troubles facing the decision makers regarding managing and utilizing the available data in some of the governmental organizations, especially in the Gaza Strip. In addition to, what the local residents in it are facing in identifying their land properties' borders and what the municipalities are facing regarding maps and drawings. Moreover, the Gaza Strip suffers from the lack of advanced techniques that may help and support land registration such as GIS technology. Palestinian Land Authority, PLA, in the Gaza Strip starts using GIS since 2007, and that is limited by the dealings that are being accomplished, as it is all about just drawing the piece of land and recording its owner's name, in addition to the basic data regarding to the land itself and its owner. This study aims to evaluate the currently-used system for land registry in the Gaza Strip. It is concluded that this system for land information, in general, and land registry, in particular, is extremely traditional and mainly paper based procedure. It is strongly recommended to be developed in order to reflect the changes occurred regarding land information management.
Oxidative Stess Index (OSI) Condensed Questionnaire
Authors: Zeliger Harold I 
Published: March 2020

The oxidative Stress Index (OSI) has been shown to predict the onset of non-communicative disease. A condensed form of the OSI questionnaire has now been developed to enable meaningful OSI data to be obtained from answers to only eight questions, rather than the 400+ items contained in the original detailed questionnaire.
A brief history of CAR-T cells: from laboratory to the bedside
Authors: Styczyński Jan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractChimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are genetically engineered receptors that provide specific properties to an immune effector cell and these receptors gain the specificity of a monoclonal antibody targeted against specific tumor cells. T cells with engineered CARs acquire potent immunological properties and redirect the immune system in order to eliminate malignant cells. First-engineered T cells with chimeric molecule (CAR-T cells) were developed in 1989–1993 by Israeli immunologists Zelig Eshhar and Gideon Gross. The first clinical application of CAR-T cells was done in the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital in Philadelphia by the immunologist Carl June and hematologist David Porter to patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in 2011 and together with the pediatrician Stephan Grupp to patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in 2012. The US Food and Drug Administration Agency (FDA) in 2017 and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2018 have licensed two products of CAR-T cells: tisagenlecleucel for the use in children and young adults up to 25 years of age with B-cell ALL who do not respond to treatment or have relapsed two or more times and tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel for the use in adult patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Current progress in CAR technology includes the use in other hematological malignancies, solid tumors, the use of dual CAR-T cells and chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells (CAR-NK cells).
Microbial contamination risk in hematopoietic stem cell products: retrospective analysis of 1996–2016 data
Authors: Antoniewicz-Papis Jolanta , Lachert Elżbieta , Rosiek Aleksandra , Łętowska Magdalena 
Published: March 2020

AbstractQuality assurance and safety of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) with special emphasis on bacterial and fungal contamination is the prerequisite for any transplantation procedure. The aim was to determine the incidence rate of such contamination during processing of transplantation material with regard to HSC source: peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC), bone marrow (BM), or cord blood (CB). Analysis involved autologous and allogenic products dedicated for patients and comprised in all 4135 donations, including 112 BM (2.70%), 3787 PBSC (91.60%), and 236 CB (5.70%) processed in cell bank over the period 1996–2016. Aerobic and anaerobic contamination was determined.Analysis of the 20-year data revealed 42 contaminated products: 25 PBSC (0.66% of tested units) and 17 CB (7.20% of tested units). No microbial contamination of BM products was detected. Overall percentage of contaminated products was 1.01%, mostly with Staphylococcus epidermidis (61.36%). Bacterial contamination rate at cell bank is relatively low and processing in a closed system does not seem as crucial as might be expected. This is particularly true for BM components. Equally important are evaluation of donor’s medical status and condition of the puncture site for collection of source material. Implementation of appropriate sample collection procedures should help minimize the risk of false-positive results due to environmental contamination.
Magnetorheological Fluids Behaviour in Oscillatory Compression Squeeze: Experimental Testing and Analysis
Authors: Horak Wojciech , Szczęch Marcin , Sapiński Bogdan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article deals with experimental testing of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) behaviour in the oscillatory squeeze mode. The authors investigate and analyse the influence of excitation frequency and magnetic field density level on axial force in MRFs that differ in particle volume fraction. The results show that, under certain conditions, the phenomenon of self-sealing can occur as a result of the magnetic field gradient and a vacuum in the working gap of the system.
The Impact of Troposphere Correction for Designation of the Ellipsoidal Height of Aircraft at Approach to Landing Procedure
Authors: Krasuski Kamil , Savchuk Stepan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper reports on research into the effect of the troposphere correction on the accuracy of the vertical component determination of an aircraft’s flight as it approaches landing at Deblin Airport. The article presents ellipsoidal height value of the aircraft when the troposphere correction is considered in navigational calculations and when it is not taken into account. Accuracy of the aircraft positioning in the vertical plane using the SPP method is determined. The study shows that application of the troposphere correction in navigational calculations increases the accuracy of the vertical component determination by 25%–32%. The article and the study may serve as a valuable source of information for pilots, flight instructors and aircraft crews during training in operation and implementation of GNSS in aviation.
Heat Conduction in Anisotropic Medium with Perfectly Conductive Thread-Like Inclusions
Authors: Sulym Heorhiy , Ilchuk Nataliia , Pasternak Iaroslav 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper presents a novel approach for the analysis of steady-state heat conduction of solids containing perfectly conductive thread-like inhomogeneities. Modelling of a thread-like heat conductive inhomogeneity is reduced to determination of density of heat distributed along a spatial curve, which replaces the inclusion. Corresponding boundary integral equations are obtained for anisotropic solids with thread-like inclusions. Non-integral terms are computed in a closed form. It is shown that, nevertheless the singularity of the equation is 1/r, it is hypersingular, since the kernel is symmetric. Boundary element approach is adopted for solution of the obtained equations. Numerical example is presented for a rectilinear conductive thread, which verifies derived boundary integral equations.
Age and sex specific variations in body composition in Indian urban Bengali Hindu children, adolescents and young adults aged 7–21 years
Authors: Shaikh Saijuddin , Das Rituparna , Saha Rana , Das Sukanta , Dasgupta Parasmani 
Published: March 2020

Childhood and adolescent obesity is a public health concern worldwide. However, little attention has been paid on status of overweight and body composition of Indian Bengali urban middle and high SES population. The objective was to determine the prevalence of overweight and body composition status by age and sex in children, adolescents and young adults. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 4194 unmarried school and college students (1999 males and 2195 females) aged 7–21 years belonging to the Bengali Hindu Population in Kolkata, India. The survey period was from 1999 to 2011. Anthropometry of participants were measured. Age and sex specific ≥85 percentile of body mass index (BMI) for children (<18 years of age) and BMI ≥23 kg/m2 (≥18 years of age) for adults were used to define overweight. Fat percent, upper arm fat area (UAFA) and upper arm muscle area (UAMA) were estimated. Simple linear regression was performed to check trend of changes with age. The overall prevalence of overweight was 14.8% in both sexes. Mean fat percent was higher in females than males (23.5% vs 13.5% respectively; p<0.001) and it increased by 0.18% (0.02) in males and 0.56% (0.02) in females per year (both p<0.001). UAMA gradually increased with age in both sexes and increasing rate per year was by 2.07 (0.04) cm2 in males and 1.19 (0.04) cm2 in females (both p<0.001). However, UAFA increased by 0.41 (0.03) cm2 and 0.90 (0.03) cm2 every year in males and females respectively (both p<0.001). Sum of biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailliac skinfolds increased by 1.66 (0.06) mm and 0.5 (0.07) mm per year in females and males respectively (both p<0.001). Overall prevalence of overweight was the same in both sexes but adipose tissue was higher and muscularly was lower in females than males.
In utero undernourishment during WWII: Effects on height and weight of young adult women
Authors: Czapla Zbigniew , Liczbińska Grażyna , Piontek Janusz , Malina Robert M. 
Published: March 2020

Under marginal nutritional conditions, growth in utero is related to subsequent growth and adult height. The aim of this research is to compare the young adult body size of women grouped by estimated duration of pregnancy relative to World War II. Subjects were 620 university students 18-25 years, for whom archival data for date of birth, age, height and weight were available; the BMI was calculated. Based on estimated time of pregnancy and birth relative to WWII, the women were grouped as follows: (1) pregnancy and birth before the war (n=203); (2) pregnancy before the war, birth during the war (n=54); (3) pregnancy and birth during the war (n=173); (4) pregnancy during the war, birth after the war (n=16); and (5) pregnancy and birth after the war (n=174). Heights of women born before and after WWII were significantly taller than heights of women born during the war. Though not significant, the height of women who were conceived before but born during the war was intermediate between those of women born before and during the war. The height of women conceived during the war but born after the war was similar to that of women conceived and born during the war. In contrast, BMIs and the distributions of women by weight status did not differ among the five pregnancy groups. The results suggested that heights of young adult women exposed in utero to the conditions of WWII (marginal nutritional status, maternal stress, among other factors) were shorter than women who were not exposed in utero to wartime conditions.
What have the revelations about Neanderthal DNA revealed about Homo sapiens?
Authors: Guimarães Santiago Wolnei Ferreira , Silva Hilton P. 
Published: March 2020

Genetic studies have presented increasing indications about the complexity of the interactions between Homo sapiens, Neanderthals and Denisovans, during Pleistocene. The results indicate potential replacement or admixture of the groups of hominins that lived in the same region at different times. Recently, the time of separation among these hominins in relation to the Last Common Ancestor – LCA has been reasonably well established. Events of mixing with emphasis on the Neanderthal gene flow into H. sapiens outside Africa, Denisovans into H. sapiens ancestors in Oceania and continental Asia, Neanderthals into Denisovans, as well as the origin of some phenotypic features in specific populations such as the color of the skin, eyes, hair and predisposition to develop certain kinds of diseases have also been found. The current information supports the existence of both replacement and interbreeding events, and indicates the need to revise the two main explanatory models, the Multiregional and the Out-of-Africa hypotheses, about the origin and evolution of H. sapiens and its co-relatives. There is definitely no longer the possibility of justifying only one model over the other. This paper aims to provide a brief review and update on the debate around this issue, considering the advances brought about by the recent genetic as well as morphological traits analyses.
The Legal Nature of E-Petitions
Authors: Babin Igor , Vakariuk Liudmyla 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
An e-petition (online petition or internet petition) is one of the most popular ways for civil society to interact with public authorities. It is no accident that the number of countries implementing this e-democracy tool is increasing. The institution of electronic petition has its own peculiarities in each country where it has been introduced: different forms, subjects, filing procedures and legal consequences. The common feature is that the e-petition is an independent form of direct democracy through which citizens participate in the management of public affairs. The article investigates the place of e-petitions in the system of direct democracy forms, analyzes practices of using the institution of electronic petitions, shows the establishment of the institution of e-petitions in Ukraine, reveals the concepts and features of online petitions, and highlights the problems of implementing the right to electronic petition in Ukraine.
Content and Implementation of the Right to Annual Leave: Analysis Based on the Case Study of Lithuania
Authors: Mačernytė-Panomariovienė Ingrinda , Mačiulaitis Vilius 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Annual leave is granted to employees in order for them to rest and to regain efficiency at work. In accordance with Article 31 (2) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and Article 7 of the Directive 2003/88/EB of the European Parliament and of the Council regarding certain aspects of work time organization (Working Time Directive), employers must guarantee employees at least 4 [work] weeks of paid annual leave. Furthermore, Article 49 of the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania maintains that every employed individual has the right to paid annual leave. The question arises whether this type of constitutional right can be absolute and if, as a result, employees are able to exercise their discretion to decide for themselves how to use this right. Can employers decide to grant or refuse to grant leave based on their own discretion?
This article aims to address the content of the right to paid annual leave and its implementation details. In particular, it seeks to verify the extent to which an employee or an employer can affect the implementation of such a right.
The Influence of the Court of Justice of the European Union on the Issuance of European Arrest Warrants in Lithuania
Authors: Milčiuvienė Saulė , Gruodytė Edita 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The European arrest warrant system is one of the greatest achievements in the development of cooperation in judicial matters among EU Member States. However, its implementation has raised many questions, resulting in referrals by national courts to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) for preliminary rulings. This article analyses the impact of the CJEU’s preliminary rulings on Lithuanian law concerning European arrest warrants. Specifically, the focus of the paper is institutional configuration and corresponding regulation in this field because/after the CJEU decided that (1) the Ministry of Justice cannot be considered a judicial authority because as part of the executive branch it cannot guarantee the protection of the parties’ fundamental rights; (2) however, the Prosecutor General of Lithuania can be considered a judicial authority because it participates in the administration of criminal justice and is independent of executive governance, and because its decisions to issue European arrest warrants are subject to judicial review.
Functional Equivalence: An Exploration Through Shortcomings to Solutions
Authors: Veerpalu Anne 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Since the emergence of cyberspace there have been different legal principles evolving, such as functional equivalence and technology-neutrality, with the aim to ease the regulator´s challenge of coping with the new paradigm of virtual, digital and electronic. Currently our societies have reached the doorstep of another similar disruption: infrastructures decentralized on the basis of blockchain and distributed ledger technology, or so-called cryptoeconomics. It is time to turn to cyberspace-related principles for inspiration on how to solve similar concerns, such as applying existing regulation(s) to new technological disruption. This article looks at different understandings of the functional equivalence principle, its shortcomings and the guidance it provides to regulators and courts in dealing with the challenges related to technological innovation including that of cryptoeconomics.