bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Satisfaction with Outpatient Cervical Ripening in Parous Women
Authors: Wang Michelle J. , Jauk Victoria C. , George David M. , Kuper Spencer G. , Edwards Rodney K. , Szychowski Jeff M. , Mazzoni Sara E. , Files Pamela , Tita Alan T. , Subramaniam Akila , Harper Lorie M. 
Published: March 2020

Objective This study aimed to assess whether patient satisfaction differs between women beginning cervical ripening in the outpatient versus inpatient setting.
Study Design We performed a planned secondary analysis evaluating patient satisfaction randomized to outpatient versus inpatient cervical ripening. In the original randomized controlled trial, low-risk parous women ≥39 weeks who required cervical ripening for induction and had reassuring fetal heart rate monitoring were included and randomized to inpatient versus outpatient ripening with a transcervical Foley's catheter. All women were then admitted to the labor ward on the following day. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using three separate surveys. The first two surveys, Six Simple Questions and Lady-X, were previously validated. The third survey used visual analog scales to assess overall pain experienced during Foley's placement, overall pain experienced during labor, how likely they would be to choose the same type of care for their next pregnancy, and how likely they would be to recommend their method of cervical ripening to friends/family.
Results From May 2016 to October 2017, 129 women were randomized (outpatient, 65; inpatient, 64). Based on survey results, there was no difference in satisfaction between outpatient and inpatient cervical ripening with transcervical Foley's catheterization, with high satisfaction in both groups. Patients in both the outpatient and inpatient groups would choose the same type of care for their next pregnancy (on a scale of 1–7, median (25th–75th percentile): 7 [7–7] vs. 7 [6–7], respectively, p = 0.75) and would be very likely to recommend their method of induction to a friend or family member (on a scale of 0–100, 99 [80–100] vs. 99 [65–100], respectively, p = 0.60).
Conclusion Parous women's satisfaction does not differ between inpatient and outpatient cervical ripening with transcervical Foley's catheterization.
Key Points
Old English law-codes
Authors: Moessner Lilo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLaw language is a cover-term for different genres of legal texts. The genre of law is characterized as being written, legislative and formal. Quantitative studies on the textual and linguistic structure of Old English (oe) law-codes are lacking so far, but both aspects are analysed in this paper on the basis of a corpus of about 20,000 words. The results of the quantitative-qualitative analysis are compared tooewills on the one hand, and to Early Modern English (emode) and Present-Day English (pde) statutes on the other. The synchronic comparison ofoelaw-codes andoewills reveals that the text structure and the linguistic profile of the genres are very similar. The conclusion to be drawn from this result is that genre properties largely determine the textual and linguistic profile of texts in a given period. The diachronic comparisons show marked differences in the linguistic profile ofoelaw-codes and statutes of later periods.
Pseudo-hortative and the development of the discourse markereti poca(‘well, let’s see’) in Korean
Authors: Rhee Seongha 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHortative constructions are good sources of discourse markers (dms) because they have an engaging effect on the addressee. Such an engaging illocutionary effect enables hortative-baseddms to acquire diverse functions, such as attracting and maintaining the addressee’s attention and foiling the interlocutor’s initiating an utterance. Thedmeti poca(‘well, let’s see’; literally ‘where, let’s see’) is not a genuine hortative requesting the addressee to direct visual attention to something or somewhere together with the speaker, but is a strategic signal for management of interaction, information and the speaker’s self. The detailed functions that emerged through time include marking the speaker’s intent to hold the floor by way of filling unwanted pauses, to solicit common ground, to signal responsiveness, to encourage self to better concentrate on a task, and to affirm the self’s stance on the issues at hand.
Text-organizing metadiscourse
Authors: Hyland Ken , Jiang Feng (Kevin) 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Published academic writing often seems to be an unchanging form of discourse with its frozen informality remaining
stable over time. Recent work has shown, however, that these texts are highly interactive and dialogic as writers anticipate and
take into account readers’ likely objections, background knowledge, rhetorical expectations and processing needs. In this paper,
we explore one aspect of these interactions and how it has changed over the past fifty years. Focusing on what has been called
interactive metadiscourse (Hyland 2005; Hyland and
Tse 2004), or the ways authors organise their material for particular readers, we analyze a corpus of 2.2 million words
compiled from articles in the top journals in four disciplines to discover whether, and to what extent, interactive metadiscourse
has changed in different disciplines since 1965. The results show a considerable increase in an orientation to the reader over
this period, reflecting changes in both research and publication practices.
Effect of minimalist and maximalist shoes on impact loading and footstrike pattern in habitual rearfoot strike trail runners: An in‐field study
Authors: Mo Shiwei , Chan Zoe Y. S. , Lai Kenneth K. Y. , Chan Peter Pak‐Kwan , Wei Rachel Xiao‐Yu , Yung Patrick Shu‐Hang , Shum Gary , Cheung Roy Tsz‐Hei 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTRunning‐related injuries among trail runners are very common and footwear selection may modulate the injury risk. However, most previous studies were conducted in a laboratory environment. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of two contrasting footwear designs, minimalist (MIN) and maximalist shoes (MAX), on the running biomechanics of trail runners during running on a natural trail. Eighteen habitual rearfoot strike trail runners completed level, uphill and downhill running at their preferred speeds in both shod conditions. Peak tibial acceleration, strike index and footstrike pattern were compared between the two footwear and slopes. Interactions of footwear and slope were not detected for all the selected variables. There was no significant effect from footwear (F = 1.23, p = 0.27) and slope (F = 2.49, p = 0.09) on peak tibial acceleration and there was no footwear effect on strike index (F = 3.82, p = 0.056). A significant main effect of slope on strike index (F = 13.24, p < 0.001) was found. Strike index during uphill running was significantly greater (i.e. landing with a more anterior foot strike) when compared with level (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.72) or downhill running (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.44) in either MIN or MAX. The majority of habitual rearfoot strike runners switched to midfoot strike during uphill running while maintaining a rearfoot strike pattern during level or downhill running. In summary, wearing either one of the two contrasting footwear (MIN or MAX) demonstrated no effect on impact loading and footstrike pattern in habitual rearfoot strike trail runners running on a natural trail with different slopes.
Auditory processing and non-auditory factors associated with hyperacusis in children with auditory processing disorder (APD)
Authors: Ahmmed Ansar Uddin , Mukherjee Dipankar 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
Prevalence of hyperacusis in children presenting with listening difficulties (LiD) or developmental auditory processing disorder (APD) is uncertain. The relationships between hyperacusis, auditory profiles and non-auditory factors are unclear, information which is important in understanding and managing APD and hyperacusis.

Method
A retrospective study of 282 children with APD (165 males and 117 females) aged 6–16 years. Hyperacusis was ascertained by parental response to question about ‘oversensitivity to sounds’. Auditory and non-auditory features including anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant symptoms, language profile and non-verbal ability (NVIQ) were compared between those with and without hyperacusis.

Results
Of the 282 children 200 (70.9%) had hyperacusis. There were no significant differences in age, NVIQ and auditory processing profiles between the two groups (p > .05). In addition to poor speech perception in noise 79% of children performed poorly mainly in temporal processing and/or dichotic listening tests. The hyperacusis group had significantly more anxiety, hyperactivity/impulsivity, oppositional defiant symptoms and pragmatic language impairment when analyzed separately. However, only anxiety and language impairment were significant in binary logistic regression analyses.

Conclusions
The prevalence of hyperacusis is high in APD, but auditory processing profiles were similar in those with and without hyperacusis. The high prevalence of anxiety, externalising behaviour, pragmatic language impairment in those with hyperacusis noted in APD is similar to those reported in children with autism spectrum disorder and Williams syndrome. However, when shared variances are addressed only anxiety and language impairment predicted hyperacusis. Holistic auditory processing assessment is suggested in hyperacusis.
Holding and transferring matter-wave solitons against gravity by spin–orbit-coupling tweezers
Authors: Liu Bin , Zhong Rongxuan , Chen Zhaopin , Qin Xizhou , Zhong Honghua , Li Yongyao , Malomed Boris A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We consider possibilities to grasp and drag one-dimensional solitons in two-component Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs), under the action of gravity, by tweezers induced by spatially confined spin–orbit (SO) coupling applied to the BEC, with the help of focused laser illumination. Solitons of two types are considered, semi-dipoles and mixed modes. We find critical values of the gravity force, up to which the solitons may be held or transferred by the tweezers. The dependence of the critical force on the magnitude and spatial extension of the localized SO interaction, as well as on the soliton’s norm and speed (in the transfer regime), are systematically studied by means of numerical methods, and analytically with the help of a quasi-particle approximation for the soliton. In particular, a noteworthy finding is that the critical gravity force increases with the increase of the transfer speed (i.e., moving solitons are more robust than quiescent ones). Nonstationary regimes are addressed too, by considering abrupt application of gravity to solitons created in the weightless setting. In that case, solitons feature damped shuttle motion, provided that the gravity force does not exceed a dynamical critical value, which is smaller than its static counterpart. The results may help to design gravimeters based on ultracold atoms.
An Update to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory Baseline Wind Turbine Controller
Authors: Abbas Nikhar J. , Wright Alan , Pao Lucy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s 5-MW wind turbine model is well established as an industry standard and is often used as a comparison model, or a model on which to build upon. Though effective, the legacy controller for the 5-MW wind turbine uses a simple algorithm that is not up to date with many industry standards. Additionally, as the research community has advanced into fast-paced development cycles, as systems engineering tools such as Wind-Plant Integrated System Design & Engineering Model (WISDEM ®) [1] are employed, and as a greater focus on controls co-design practices is encouraged, demand for a generic wind turbine controller has arisen. This work presents updates for the NREL 5-MW controller to a more modern control architecture, and establishes a generic tuning framework that can be easily adapted to various wind turbines. Based on initial results, the updated generic controller eases the automatic tuning process while maintaining or improving the performance of the legacy NREL 5-MW controller.
The Collegiate Wind Competition – Undergraduate Education through Student Competition
Authors: Stewart S W , Willy D M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Department of Energy has offered the Collegiate Wind Competition (CWC) since 2014. Penn State and Northern Arizona University are two of four Universities that have fielded teams in each of the competitions since this inaugural year. This paper aims to highlight the ways in which these two programs have integrated the CWC into their curriculum, evolving with time, and also how this competition has tried to meet the needs of providing a diverse, educated workforce prepared for a wide variety of tasks in the wind industry.
Simulation of Hurricane Loading for Proposed Offshore Windfarms off the US Northeast Coast
Authors: Kresning Boma , Reza Hashemi M , Gallucci Clara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The development of offshore wind projects off the US northeast coast requires a comprehensive assessment of extreme loads generated by hurricanes. In this study, we demonstrated that using simplified methods based on observed data at nearby stations (e.g., measure-correlate-predict algorithms) to assess wind and wave loads during extreme conditions may lead to significant errors. We used an advanced ocean modeling system (COAWST: Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Wave Sediment Transport) to assess environmental loading at the proposed wind farm sites offshore Rhode Island and Massachusetts. After validation of the COAWST model using historical hurricanes (e.g., Hurricane Sandy in 2012), a number of synthetic tropical storms that represented wind with various probabilities (e.g., 50-year return period) were simulated. The spatial and temporal variability of the wind and wave loads within the proposed sites were assessed. Nearly 40% variability of wave loads was shown in the proposed sites. The results indicated the advantage of more advanced modeling systems for extreme load characterization, in which wind and wave fields in offshore wind farms can be resolved.
Damping the floater motion of vertical-axis wind turbines using load optimisation
Authors: De Tavernier D. , Viré A. , Ferreira C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate to what extent it is possible to use load optimisation to aerodynamically damp the floater motion of vertical-axis wind turbines. The loadform of a VAWT can be altered to the desired objective using an individual blade-pitch schedule. A coupled hydro- and aerodynamic simulation tool is built solving the equation of motion of the floating system in which the hydrodynamic loads and (frequency-dependent) matrices are modelled using the potential flow theory and the aerodynamic loads are computed using the Actuator Cylinder model. A blade-pitch optimisation schedule is included to redistribute the loads over the actuator with the objective to counter-act the hydrodynamic loads as much as possible without significant power loss. Using the simulation tool, it is shown that an intelligently determined blade-pitch schedule can decrease the floater motion, however, the potential of reducing the floater motion is limited by the fact that the aerodynamic loads are significantly smaller than the hydrodynamic loads especially for rough sea states.
Acoustic Sensing Based Operational Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blades
Authors: Inalpolat Murat , Niezrecki Christopher 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a general overview of the different aspects of a novel structural health monitoring technique developed for wind turbine blades. The proposed technique is based upon detecting the changes in acoustic transmission loss due to structural deformation and damage incurred. This acoustics-based damage detection technique consists of two complementary approaches, namely, the active and passive acoustic damage detection approaches. The proposed approaches can be applied to both onshore and offshore turbines and requires minimum number of acoustic sensors positioned internal and external to the blade structure. Both approaches will be detailed from the structural health monitoring, acoustics, aeroacoustics as well as the practical implementation perspective. The potential benefits of using the proposed approaches and the corresponding technology on wind turbine blades is also discussed.
Simulations for Effect of Surface Roughness on Wind Turbine Aerodynamic Performance
Authors: Jung Yong Su , Baeder James 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the present study, blade surface roughness effects on the aerodynamic performance of NREL Phase VI wind turbine rotor are investigated using Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulation. The rotating rotor component is modeled using an overset mesh system and computations are conducted using an in-house heterogeneous CFD framework based on both CPUs and GPUs. The effect of laminar-turbulent boundary layer transition on the blade is included using the γ –

R

e

θ
t

¯

– SA model. The surface roughness effects on both the turbulent boundary layer and boundary layer transition are modeled through extensions of turbulence and transition models. The locally distributed roughness at the leading edge zone is applied for both S809 airfoil and NREL Phase VI rotor simulations. The roughness effects on the airfoil performance are captured, and the prediction shows reasonable agreement with the experimental data. In the case of the rotor simulation, the surface roughness affects the performance differently depending on the wind speed. At the operating wind speed with attached flows, the roughness decreases the performance due to the roughness-induced transition occurring at the leading edge. On the other hand, at the higher wind speed, this transition induces less flow separation on the leeward side of blade, which is favorable to the performance. As the wind speed increased further, the flow become fully separated and the roughness effect is minor.
The Effects of Wind Veer During the Morning and Evening Transitions
Authors: Sanchez Gomez M , Lundquist J K 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDirection and speed wind shear modify turbine performance by changing inflow conditions on turbine blades. Using observations from the 2013 CWEX campaign, we found the daily atmospheric boundary layer transitions (morning and evening) match periods of high electricity demand for a wind farm in central Iowa. Power production during these periods was undermined for large direction shear and low speed shear scenarios. The morning transition displayed larger direction shear over the rotor layer for most wind speeds compared to the evening period. This resulted in lower turbine performance for the morning compared to the evening and whole day. This study shows that the combined effect of direction and speed shear is affecting turbine operation during high electricity demand times of day, predominantly during the morning at this wind farm.
Lidar Scanning of Induction Zone Wind Fields over Sloping Terrain
Authors: Mikkelsen T. , Sjöholm M. , Astrup P. , Peña A. , Larsen G. , van Dooren M. F. , Kidambi Sekar A. P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Scanning lidar instrumentation in the form of two synchronized ground-based WindScanners and a nacelle-mounted SpinnerLidar were deployed to measure wind fields in a vertical plane in the induction zone from 0.2 to 3 rotor diameters (D) in front of a Vestas V52 test turbine (D = 52 m) situated at DTU Risø Campus. First, the two ground-based WindScanners accurately reproduced the vertical profiles of horizontal mean wind speed when compared to measurements from a reference met-mast installed 2.2D upwind in the prevailing wind direction. The vertical plane scanned wind field measurements within in the induction zone were also compared with the vertical wind profiles measured at 1D by a nacelle-mounted scanning DTU SpinnerLidar. The vertical plane wind field as measured by the two ground-based WindScanners shows that the wind field in the induction zone is influenced by the turbine as well as by the slope of the terrain.
Simulating the response of a small horizontal-axis wind turbine during wind gust using FAST
Authors: Rakib M I , Evans S P , Clausen P D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Small wind turbines are often erected close to their load and in urban environments where the mean velocity is lower than ideal, and the turbulence level is high. Urban environments experience wind gust events with published results indicating the number of gust events greatly exceeding the number of events assumed in International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard IEC 61400.2-2013. The work presented in this paper has analysed detailed wind measurements from a site in an urban environment to identify wind gust events and has used these wind gust events as an input into a FAST model of a 5 kW horizontal-axis wind turbine. The FAST model predicted the turbine power extracted from the measured gusts are lower than the power extracted during the assumed IEC gust. The maximum energy extracted by the turbine during a gust is at least 36% lower for a measured gust event than for the assumed ideal gust event.
Improvement of wavefront correcting particle swarm optimization algorithm based on metropolis criterion
Authors: Hao Shiqi , Xu Chenlu , Chen Yang , Liu Zehua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the wavefront phase distortion of laser beam caused by atmospheric turbulence is corrected by an adaptive optics sensor-less system. According to the shortcoming that particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO) is easily falling into local optimum, an improved PSO algorithm based on metropolis criterion is proposed in order to improve the efficiency and effect of wavefront correction. The metropolis criterion is used to judge whether an inferior state is accepted or not, so that the particle swarm optimization algorithm can jump out of the local optimum. Finally, the correcting effect of the improved PSO algorithm is compared by numerical simulation analysis, which verifies that the improved PSO algorithm can improve the correcting speed and effect, and the running time of achieving the same correcting effect is greatly reduced.
Improvement of Faster-RCNN Detection Algorithms for Small Size Line Accessory Equipment
Authors: Qi Wang , Zhenli Wang , Jianxiang Li , Yuechen Yang , Piyu Liu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the image of patrol inspection is affected by angle and distance, the target of small size accessory equipment in the image is small, and the recognition rate of current algorithm is low. An improved Faster-RCNN detection algorithm for small size accessory equipment of patrol image is proposed. By adjusting the structure of Faster-RCNN network, we can overcome the shortcomings of the current algorithm. Firstly, the deep residual network ResNet50 is used to replace VGG16 network. At the same time, the bottom and high-level features of convolution network are applied to the selection of candidate regions, so as to improve the utilization of effective information of targets, and then to improve the detection precision of small-sized targets. The results show that the detection accuracy of the improved Faster-RCNN model is 4.2% higher than that of the original algorithm.