bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclined Wellbore Stability in High Temperature Formations of Drilling
Authors: Xue Liang , Hong Yuqun , Liu Zhengli , Qin Jianyu , Du Xu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In recent years, exploring and developing oil and gas continuously expands into high-temperature environments, such as the Gulf of Mexico, North Sea, South China Sea, etc. Development of a high-temperature oil field from a platform always requires directional wells or extended reach wells (ERWs) departing from a central cluster to their targets at different depth of water in various azimuth. When drilling wells in high temperature formations, there is commonly associated with a suite of wellbore instability problems that are not normally encountered in onshore and normal temperature formations drilling. These problems are usually related to the presence of typically weak overburden sediments, unconsolidated formations, a small sedimentary coverage above the reservoir, and a great temperature difference between the drilling fluid and formation at the bottom hole In the past decades, a number of studies have been conducted to study the wellbore stability. However, few of the models are specific for wellbore stability of the inclined high temperature wellbores. In this work, an inclined wellbore stability model for high temperature formations is developed. The numerical method of the model is also provided. The study shows that drilling along the direction of minimum horizontal in-situ stress is safer than drilling in other directions, and the wellbore with a high inclination poses more risk of wellbore instability than the wellbore with a low inclination. It also shows that both of the wellbore collapse pressure gradients and wellbore fracture pressure gradients will increase as the temperature of borehole rises, and the fracture pressure is more sensitive to temperature. The model provides a practical tool to predict the stability of inclined wellbores for high temperature formations.
Analysis and Forecast of Rainfall in Shapingba District of Chongqing
Authors: Xu Zongjiang , Chen Jing , Zhu Guangping , Nan Linjiang , Zeng Fengling , Jin Junying 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Flood and seasonal drought occur frequently in Chongqing area. The study of rainfall distribution may provide the theoretical basis for flood control and drought resistance. Daily rainfall data of Shapingba District in Chongqing from 1995 to 2014 are used in this paper to analyse the annual distribution using the method of uneven distribution coefficient, complete adjustment coefficient and concentration degree, meanwhile, the annual variation of rainfall are analysed by the Mann-Kendall trend test and Spearman rank correlation method. The results show that the rainfall in Shapingba area is mainly concentrated in April-September, accounting for 78% of the annual rainfall, Especially in June, the rainfall is the most, accounting for 20% of the annual rainfall, which is the key period for flood control. The annual distribution of rainfall is relatively concentrated, and shows an upward trend on the whole, and there is no sudden change in many years. Summer is the most obvious seasonal rainfall change, which may be related to local climate characteristics. The difference of forecasting precipitation was little between P-III distribution and Gumbel distribution. Especially for normal year (P=50%) and dry year (P=90%), the precipitation was very close. Thus, either method can be used to forecast precipitation in the future.
Research on Combustion Characteristics of Vulcanized Rubber Based on Fire Propagation Apparatus
Authors: Wei Lingling , Gao Junhao , Li Li , Qiu Tingting , Hou Lijun , Li Changhai , Lu Shouxiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Vulcanized rubber is widely used as a vibration damping material for high-speed train floors. This paper aims to study the combustion characteristics of vulcanized rubber materials under fire propagation apparatus at 20-50 kW/m2. The results show that the ignition time and the time to peak heat release rate of the vulcanized rubber decrease with the increase of the external heat flux, and the transformed ignition time (l/tign)n
increases linearly with the external heat flux. The fire risk of vulcanized rubber and the possibility of flashover increase with the increase of external heat flux. In addition, higher external heat flux will accelerate the generation of smoke in the fire scene, threatening the lives of people on the train. These data and results can be used to evaluate the interior materials of high-speed trains.
Transmission pathways of the helminths of the digestive system of the european perch Perca fluviatilis (Actinopterygii: Perciformes) in the fish communities of the water bodies of the national park “Samarkskaya Luka” (Russia)
Authors: Rubanova M V , Mukhortova O V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Studied the dynamics of infection of the European perch Perca fluviatilis (Peciformes) by the helminths of the digestive system and their invasion of 13 native and 2 alien fish species in the water bodies of the National Park “Samarskaya Luka”. The similarity of the composition of the fauna of helminths of the digestive system of the European perch and other fish species has been analyzed for the period of 1990-2016. Peculiarities of the distribution of Perca fluviatilis parasites along the trophic chains of the fish community at different stages of ecosystem succession were revealed. Human activity promoted the penetration of alien species of aquatic organisms into the water bodies, their incorporation into the trophic chains and parasitic sub-systems “fish – helminths of the digestive system”. The historically established trophic relations of carnivorous fish with Perca fluviatilis are nowadays weakened; usual food objects are replaced by the invasive fish species. Invasive species participae actively in the formation of trophic chains of the ecosystem; in some cases, it leads to an increase in the invasion rates of indigenous hosts by alien parasites.
Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in older people
Authors: Soiza Roy L , Scicluna Chiara , Thomson Emma C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Several vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are on the cusp of regulatory approval. Their safety and efficacy in older people is critical to their success. Even though care home residents and older people are likely to be amongst the first to be vaccinated, these patient groups are usually excluded from clinical trials. Data from several Phase II trials have given cause for optimism, with strong antibody responses and reassuring safety profiles but, with the exception of AstraZeneca’s vaccine, recruited few older people. Overall, the sparse data from Phase II trials suggest a reduction in both antibody responses and mild to moderate adverse events in well older people compared to younger participants. Many of the Phase III trials have made a conscious effort to recruit older people, and interim analyses of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccine have led to press releases announcing high degrees of efficacy. However, older people with co-morbidities and frailty have once again been largely excluded and there are no published data on safety and efficacy in this group. Although the speed and impact of the pandemic on older people with frailty justify an approach where they are offered vaccination first, patients and their carers and supervising health care professionals alike will need to make a decision on accepting vaccination based on limited evidence. Here we review the main candidate vaccines that may become available, with a focus on the evidence of safety and efficacy in older people.
Do Investor-State Dispute Settlement Cases Influence Domestic Environmental Regulation? The Role of Respondent State Bureaucratic Capacity
Authors: Berge Tarald Laudal , Berger Axel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Does international politics influence domestic politics? In the investment treaty regime, there is currently a debate about whether investor-state dispute settlement cases influence respondent state domestic regulation. We present a systematic test of this relationship. Using two unique datasets, we examine whether investor-state cases targeting environmental measures influence respondent states’ environmental regulation. We make two theoretical contributions. First, we present an integrated typology of potential regulatory responses to investor-state dispute settlement cases. Second, we propose a novel, conditional theory of regulatory responses to investor-state cases. We argue that states’ responses should depend on their bureaucratic capacity. In our analysis, we find that respondent state bureaucratic capacity conditions the relationship between investor-state cases and subsequent domestic regulation. There is a more pronounced negative relationship between investor-state cases and regulatory behavior in states with high bureaucratic capacity than in low-capacity states.
The persistent consequences of adverse shocks: how the 1970s shaped UK regional inequality
Authors: Rice Patricia G , Venables Anthony J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The economic shocks experienced by the UK economy in the 1970s brought major changes in the spatial distribution of employment rates in the UK. This paper traces the long-run implications of these changes, suggesting that they were highly persistent and to a large extent shape current UK regional disparities. Most of the Local Authority Districts that experienced large negative shocks in the 1970s had high deprivation rates in 2015, and they constitute two-thirds of all districts with the highest deprivation rates. We conclude that neither economic adjustment processes nor policy measures have acted to reverse the effect of negative shocks incurred nearly half a century ago.
The Environmental Bias of Trade Policy*
Authors: Shapiro Joseph S 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article describes a new fact, then analyzes its causes and consequences: in most countries, import tariffs and nontariff barriers are substantially lower on dirty than on clean industries, where an industry’s “dirtiness” is defined as its carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per dollar of output. This difference in trade policy creates a global implicit subsidy to CO2 emissions in internationally traded goods and contributes to climate change. This global implicit subsidy to CO2 emissions totals several hundred billion dollars annually. The greater protection of downstream industries, which are relatively clean, substantially accounts for this pattern. The downstream pattern can be explained by theories where industries lobby for low tariffs on their inputs but final consumers are poorly organized. A quantitative general equilibrium model suggests that if countries applied similar trade policies to clean and dirty goods, global CO2 emissions would decrease and global real income would change little.
Fabry disease pain: patient and preclinical parallels
Authors: Burand Anthony J. , Stucky Cheryl L. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Severe neuropathic pain is a hallmark of Fabry disease, a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in lysosomal α-galactosidase A. Pain experienced by these patients significantly impacts their quality of life and ability to perform everyday tasks. Patients with Fabry disease suffer from peripheral neuropathy, sensory abnormalities, acute pain crises, and lifelong ongoing pain. Although treatment of pain through medication and enzyme replacement therapy exists, pain persists in many of these patients. Some has been learned in the past decades regarding clinical manifestations of pain in Fabry disease and the pathological effects of α-galactosidase A insufficiency in neurons. Still, it is unclear how pain and sensory abnormalities arise in patients with Fabry disease and how these can be targeted with therapeutics. Our knowledge is limited in part due to the lack of adequate preclinical models to study the disease. This review will detail the types of pain, sensory abnormalities, influence of demographics on pain, and current strategies to treat pain experienced by patients with Fabry disease. In addition, we discuss the current knowledge of Fabry pain pathogenesis and which aspects of the disease preclinical models accurately recapitulate. Understanding the commonalities and divergences between humans and preclinical models can be used to further interrogate mechanisms causing the pain and sensory abnormalities as well as advance development of the next generation of therapeutics to treat pain in patients with Fabry disease.
Blood in the water: recent uses of zebrafish to study myeloid biology
Authors: Wattrus Samuel J. , Zon Leonard I. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
Myeloid cells contribute to immune response to infection and tissue regeneration after injury as well as to the developmental induction of the hematopoietic system overall. Here we review recent uses of zebrafish to advance the study of myeloid biology in development and disease.

Recent findings
Recent studies have made use of advanced imaging and genetic strategies and have highlighted key concepts in myeloid cell behavior. These include immune-cell cross-talk and subpopulation response in infection and regeneration, and tightly regulated inflammatory and tissue remodeling behaviors in development.

Summary
These new findings will shape our understanding of the developmental origins of immune populations as well as their specific cellular behaviors at all stages of infection, regeneration, and myeloid neoplasms.
A Neutralizing Antibody-Conjugated Photothermal Nanoparticle Captures and Inactivates SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cai Xiaolei , Prominski Aleksander , Lin Yiliang , Ankenbruck Nicholas , Rosenberg Jillian , Chen Min , Shi Jiuyun , Chang Eugene B. , Penaloza-MacMaster Pablo , Tian Bozhi , Huang Jun 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe outbreak of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in a global pandemic. Despite intensive research including several clinical trials, currently there are no completely safe or effective therapeutics to cure the disease. Here we report a strategy incorporating neutralizing antibodies conjugated on the surface of a photothermal nanoparticle to actively capture and inactivate SARS-CoV-2. The photothermal nanoparticle is comprised of a semiconducting polymer core and a biocompatible polyethylene glycol surface decorated with neutralizing antibodies. Such nanoparticles displayed efficient capture of SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses, excellent photothermal effect, and complete inhibition of viral entry into ACE2-expressing host cells via simultaneous blocking and inactivating of the virus. This photothermal nanoparticle is a flexible platform that can be readily adapted to other SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and extended to novel therapeutic proteins, thus providing a broad range of protection against multiple strains of SARS-CoV-2.
Coaching millennials: 10 ways to engage and inspire future leaders
Authors: Aziz Khalid 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Everyone is different and without making generalizations, millennials have been shown to behave differently to other generations. As coaches and organizational psychologists, it’s important to appreciate how these differences translate in a professional context, in order to get the most from them when investing in coaching programs.

Design/methodology/approach
The article offers insights based on our own experience of coaching millennials, sharing ten important characteristics to bear in mind.

Findings
As extensive research shows, there are some subtle intergenerational differences evident in the millennial demographic but they do not confirm to popular stereotypes. Coaches can draw on these insights to create powerful interventions that enable clients to engage and maximize the value of organizational talent across the generations.

Originality/value
A group of Aziz Corporate's most experienced coaches share their own personal insights gained whilst working with millennial coaches.
Research on the key perception points in the process of e-book selection
Authors: Xing Sisi , Peng Aidong , Mao Yihong 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to propose some suggestions for libraries and other digital reading service institutions to improve the utilization rate of e-books, based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of the perception behaviour characteristics of e-book selection under the allocation of limited cognitive resources.

Design/methodology/approach
From the perspective of key perception points, this paper studies the key perception points of selecting e-books through the experimental method and explores the influence of subject factors (users’ characteristics, users’ needs) on users’ e-book perception behaviour.

Findings
College students have selective attention in the process of selecting e-books. They will choose some important contents of e-books, such as title, book introduction, author, catalogue, reader comments, others’ recommendations, read leaderboard, to perceive and there is an obvious difference in perception intensity. Different personal traits and reading needs have a great influence on users’ perception points. Libraries and other digital reading service institutions should provide promotion information based on key perception points of e-books, develop personalized e-book service and promotion and optimize the expression of key perception points of e-books.

Originality/value
This paper presents a valuable study attempting to introduce cognitive resource theory into the field of digital reading service, which proves that users also have limited cognitive resource allocation in the process of selecting digital books.
From children to seniors: is culture accessible to everyone?
Authors: Tešin Aleksandra , Kovačić Sanja , Pivac Tatjana , Vujičić Miroslav D. , Obradović Sanja 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe main objective of the study is to analyse the perception of accessibility to cultural for different age groups (children, teenagers, adults and seniors) in the city of Novi Sad (Serbia). Additional goals were to reveal which cultural contents in the city are the most important to which particular age group and to measure the level of compatibility with their needs.Design/methodology/approachThe study sample consisted of 170 respondents of different age groups used for comparison purposes. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analysed by IBM SPSS Statistics (descriptive statistical analysis and ANOVA test).FindingsThe results of this research showed that a gap is evident between the current cultural offer and the needs and preferences of visitors of different age groups. One of the significant obstacles that emerged is the inadequate promotion of cultural contents in the city to different age groups of visitors (children, teenagers, adults and seniors). The study also identified the age groups of visitors to whom the cultural offer was least adapted, as well as mapping the cultural institutions which are least accessible to audiences of different ages.Originality/valueThe paper addresses the knowledge gap related to accessibility to cultural for different generations. It focuses on topics that have not been previously researched – comparison of the needs of different generations concerning the actual offer in cultural institutions, addressing the importance of certain elements of a cultural offer to different age groups and the level of accessibility of such features to different age groups.
Value-based health-care principles in health-care organizations
Authors: Salvatore Fiorella Pia , Fanelli Simone , Donelli Chiara Carolina , Milone Michele 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the value-based health-care model in defining a strategy to guide the evolution of health-care organizations toward a value-oriented model. To improve the quality of care by ensuring economic sustainability, it is necessary to redefine the concept of competition in healthcare and align it with the concept of maximizing value for patients.

Design/methodology/approach
Performance measurement is a crucial aspect of the analysis of health-care organizations. Porter developed an effective analytical technique and presented the measurement of health-care outcomes based on health conditions, the efficiency of health-care organizations and the type of service provided.

Findings
Clinical outcomes and data on the costs of care of each patient are essential to evaluate improvement in treatment value over time. Engaging in the evaluation of what happens to patients in their course of care enables the expansion of the measurement of outcomes because it measures all the health services related to it.

Originality/value
Building a health-care system based on the value and continuous improvement of care and services provided is a goal shared by many countries and international organizations. Today, the analysis of outcomes is important for making informed decisions, directing and planning clinical and organizational changes by improving the quality of care and services.
Nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding brominated flame retardants from three Croatian universities
Authors: Jakšić Krešimir , Matek Sarić Marijana , Čulin Jelena 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis study explored Croatian nursing students' knowledge and attitudes regarding brominated flame retardants (BFRs) as indicators of their predisposition to educate future patients. The purpose of the study was to identify knowledge gaps and barriers and to propose possible remedies.Design/methodology/approachThe cross-sectional survey was conducted on a convenience sample of 114 nursing students at undergraduate and graduate levels from three Croatian universities during the winter semester in the academic year 2018–2019. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using STATISTICA 13 software.FindingsSlightly over half of the students (58.49%) were knowledgeable of BFR health effects and 45.28% showed knowledge about its presence in the environment. Only 33.02% of students identified prenatal exposure effects and 24.53% answered correctly about legislative actions. Participants expressed modest interest in the topic (M = 3.15, SD = 1.35). Although informing the public on the health consequences of BFRs was important to them (M = 4.18, SD = 1.03), they did not perceive health-care providers as primarily responsible for communicating that information.Originality/valueThere is a need to enhance related content in the curriculum to improve students' knowledge. Raising students' awareness regarding the role of nurses in clinical and policy arenas is proposed to facilitate active participation in improving environmental health.