bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of a noncoherent decoder for spectral amplitude‐coding electronic‐code division multiple access
Authors: Aguilar‐Torrentera Jorge , Galvan‐Tejada Giselle M. , Orozco‐Lugo Aldo G. , Darwazeh Izzat Z. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe performance of a noncoherent decoder based on a pair of distributed‐based transversal filters architecture is reported. Analysis based on experimental results validates the decoder as a proof‐of‐concept using microwave integrated circuits. Front‐end transversal filters are designed with large degree of freedom to generate and correlate temporal phase‐coded signals. Receiving functions are aligned with slots of spectrally encoded channels to make available spectral amplitude‐coding electronic‐code division multiple access. Noncoherent ultra‐wideband receiver concepts are applied to model the decoder synchronized to shot noise pulse trains. The despreading operation involves capturing sufficient amount of energy to demodulate matched and unmatched users. Electronic transversal filters implemented with a suitable number of taps allow bipolar detection of concurrent users whereas the noncoherent reception of energy of sub‐bands is fundamental to achieve orthogonality among channels, as we show in this article.
Two‐dimensional long‐period fiber grating sensor for touch applications
Authors: Barino Felipe O. , Ébias Guilherme , Bittencourt Júlia , Discini Daniel , dos Santos Alexandre Bessa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study we present a two‐dimensional force sensor based on a single long‐period fiber grating (LPG) to be applied to robotic manipulators grasping control. The measuring force is applied to the fiber transverse section and this lateral compression induces birefringence on the fiber, which splits the LPG resonant dip into two. We track these dips using polarized controlled light and process the LPG spectra using artificial neural networks to determine the force intensity and direction. Finally, our single sensor proposal for 2D forces measurement can estimate an applied force with 0.2148 N and 5.977 deg. error.
Simultaneous QSM and metabolic imaging of the brain using SPICE: Further improvements in data acquisition and processing
Authors: Guo Rong , Zhao Yibo , Li Yudu , Wang Tianyao , Li Yao , Sutton Brad , Liang Zhi‐Pei 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTo achieve high‐resolution mapping of brain tissue susceptibility in simultaneous QSM and metabolic imaging.MethodsSimultaneous QSM and metabolic imaging was first achieved using SPICE (spectroscopic imaging by exploiting spatiospectral correlation), but the QSM maps thus obtained were at relatively low‐resolution (2.0 × 3.0 × 3.0 mm3). We overcome this limitation using an improved SPICE data acquisition method with the following novel features: 1) sampling (k, t)‐space in dual densities, 2) sampling central k‐space fully to achieve nominal spatial resolution of 3.0 × 3.0 × 3.0 mm3 for metabolic imaging, and 3) sampling outer k‐space sparsely to achieve spatial resolution of 1.0 × 1.0 × 1.9 mm3 for QSM. To keep the scan time short, we acquired spatiospectral encodings in echo‐planar spectroscopic imaging trajectories in central k‐space but in CAIPIRINHA (controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration) trajectories in outer k‐space using blipped phase encodings. For data processing and image reconstruction, a union‐of‐subspaces model was used, effectively incorporating sensitivity encoding, spatial priors, and spectral priors of individual molecules.ResultsIn vivo experiments were carried out to evaluate the feasibility and potential of the proposed method. In a 6‐min scan, QSM maps at 1.0 × 1.0 × 1.9 mm3 resolution and metabolic maps at 3.0 × 3.0 × 3.0 mm3 nominal resolution were obtained simultaneously. Compared with the original method, the QSM maps obtained using the new method reveal fine‐scale brain structures more clearly.ConclusionWe demonstrated the feasibility of achieving high‐resolution QSM simultaneously with metabolic imaging using a modified SPICE acquisition method. The improved capability of SPICE may further enhance its practical utility in brain mapping.
Growth Dynamics of Invasive Blue Catfish in Four Subestuaries of the Chesapeake Bay, USA
Authors: Hilling Corbin D. , Jiao Yan , Bunch Aaron J. , Greenlee Robert S. , Schmitt Joseph D. , Orth Donald J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Biological invasions occur as a multistage process, and life history traits can change during the invasion process. Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus were introduced in three Virginia tidal tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay during the 1970s and 1980s but have expanded their range to almost all large tributaries of the bay. An understanding of the species’ growth is important for evaluating impacts on other resident species and population dynamics. Virginia Blue Catfish exhibited wide variability in individual growth, prompting the testing of six alternative hypotheses (similar growth across space and time as well as variable growth by river system, sampling year, cohort, and both river system and time) on its growth dynamics within four Virginia tidal rivers (James, Mattaponi, Pamunkey, and Rappahannock rivers) over the period 2002–2016. Blue Catfish growth in Virginia was best explained by a model considering cohort and river as random effects. The Rappahannock River was the first in Virginia to receive Blue Catfish; growth was slower in this river than in the other systems during the observation period. Growth rates declined for all ages examined in the James, Mattaponi, and Pamunkey rivers but only for ages 7, 10, and 13 in the Rappahannock River. We did not generally observe synchronous growth responses among rivers, supporting that finer-scale factors may be influencing growth rates. This work suggests that the growth rates of nonnative species may decline over time and that comparisons of nonnative growth may be most useful when variability over space and time is considered.
Embedded discontinuity approach for coupled hydromechanical analysis of fractured porous media
Authors: Jameei A. A. , Pietruszczak S. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a new continuum approach for the coupled hydromechanical analysis of fractured porous media is proposed. The methodology for describing the hydraulic characteristics invokes an enriched form of Darcy's law formulated in the presence of an embedded discontinuity. The constitutive relations governing the hydromechanical response are derived by averaging the fluid pressure gradient and the discontinuous displacement fields over a selected referential volume of the material, subject to some physical constraints. The framework incorporates an internal length scale which is explicitly embedded in the definition of gradient operators. The respective field equations are derived following the general form of balance equations in interacting continua. The conventional finite element method is then employed for the spatial discretization, and the generalized Newmark scheme is used for the temporal discretization. The proposed methodology is verified by some numerical examples dealing with a steady‐state flow through fractured media as well as a time‐dependent consolidation in the presence of a discontinuity.
Mechanical‐probabilistic formulation of the soil–structure interaction, accounting for the average shear wave velocity
Authors: Attal Riadh , Grange Stéphane , Baroth Julien , Dahmani Abdelnasser 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis work proposes a mechanical‐probabilistic formulation of the soil–structure interaction, taking into account the variability of the mean velocity of shear wave seismic load. This work aims at studying the sensitivity of the seismic response of a reinforced concrete frame structure by accounting for different seismic scenarios. For this purpose, the simplified model of a two‐story structure system has been developed. This model is based both on a macro‐element approach and on a stochastic collocation method. The sensitivity of the maximum displacement of the structure under different average shear wave velocities is studied. This aim in view, Gaussian or lognormal random variables are arbitrarily chosen to model this velocity. Analysis of the seismic vulnerability of the soil–structure system leads to cumulative distribution functions, which sometimes show significant differences for the same soil class in the sense of the European standard for the design of structures for earthquake resistance.
Associations between nighttime and daytime maximum voided volumes: Relevance for nocturia?
Authors: Monaghan Thomas F. , Bliwise Donald L. , Dmochowski Roger R. , Lazar Jason M. , Birder Lori A. , Everaert Karel , Weiss Jeffrey P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThe relationship between maximum voided volumes (MVV) during the night and day is poorly understood. Such measurements are important because they are often used to indicate functional bladder capacity (FBC), a relevant parameter for nocturia. This study examined the association of such nighttime and daytime measurements in men with nocturia.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 356 24‐hour voiding diaries showing ≥2 nocturnal voids from 220 men at an outpatient urology clinic. We defined small FBC as MVV ≤ 200 mL.ResultsA total of 131 entries demonstrated a nocturnal MVV ≤ 200 mL, of which a majority (98 [74.8%]) also showed a 24‐hour MVV ≤ 200 mL (ie, global small FBC), and 33 (25.2%) exceeded the 200 mL threshold during the day (ie, nocturnal‐specific small FBC). Correspondingly, among voiding diaries without global small FBC (n = 258), most (225/258 [87.2%]) showed a nocturnal MVV > 200 mL. Data were similar when analyzing only the first complete voiding diary per case, when limiting analyses to those without benign prostatic obstruction, and when limiting analyses to cases with nocturnal polyuria.ConclusionNocturia may be attributable to nocturnal‐specific small FBC or global small FBC. Although the etiology of nocturnal‐specific small FBC remains unclear, it was present in a significant minority of patients with small FBC, thus necessitating more directed research. Conversely, diminished nocturnal MVV was nevertheless relatively uncommon in the absence of global small FBC, such that nocturnal‐only voiding diaries may provide a rational alternative for follow‐up evaluation in patients with nocturia due to global small bladder capacity.
New analysis and application of fractional order Schrödinger equation using with Atangana–Batogna numerical scheme
Authors: Akçetin Eyüp , Koca Ilknur , Kiliç Muhammet Burak 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, an analytical approximation to the solution of Schrodinger equation has been provided. The fractional derivative used in this equation is the Caputo derivative. The existence and uniqueness conditions of solutions for the proposed model are derived based on the power law. While solving the fractional order Schrodinger equation, Atangana–Batogna numerical method is presented for fractional order equation. We obtain an efficient recurrence relation for solving these kinds of equations. To illustrate the usefulness of the numerical scheme, the numerical simulations are presented. The results show that the numerical scheme is very effective and simple.
A study over the general formula of regression sum of squares in multiple linear regression
Authors: Korkmaz Mehmet 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, in addition to the formula of regression sum of squares (SSR) in linear regression, a general formula of SSR in multiple linear regression is given. The derivations of the formula presented are given step by step. This new formula is proposed for estimation of the SSR in multiple linear regression. By using this formula, the researcher can find easily SSR and so the researcher can compose easily the table of variance analysis to interpret the regression made.
Glycemic variability is associated with poor outcomes in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients
Authors: Sopfe Jenna , Campbell Kristen , Keating Amy K. , Pyle Laura , Liu Arthur K. , Verneris Michael R. , Giller Roger H. , Forlenza Gregory P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAmong pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, abnormal glycemic control is shown to be associated with increased risk of transplant‐related mortality, death from any cause, risk of infection, increased hospitalized, and intensive care days. Independent effects of higher glycemic variability, a component of glycemic control, have not been described. This study aimed to characterize risk factors for, and consequences of, higher glycemic variability in HSCT patients.ProcedureMedical records for a cohort of 344 patients, age 0‐30 years, who underwent first HSCT from 2007 to 2016 at Children's Hospital Colorado were retrospectively reviewed. Glucose coefficients of variation (CV) were analyzed for HSCT days −14 to 0 and 0‐30, and patients were assessed for potential risk factors and outcomes.ResultsRoughly one‐third of patients had pre‐HSCT and day 0‐30 glucose CV above the reported healthy adult range. Independent of HSCT type, doubling of pre‐HSCT glucose CV was associated with a 4.91‐fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40‐17.24) increased hazard of infection, as well as increased risk for intensive care hospitalization for allogenic HSCT patients. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that allogeneic HSCT patients had a 1.40‐ and 1.38‐fold (95% CI, 0.98‐1.99 and 1.00‐1.91) increased hazard of death for every doubling of pre‐HSCT and day 0‐30 glucose CV, respectively.ConclusionsJust as with higher mean glucose, higher glycemic variability in the pediatric HSCT population is independently associated with significantly increased morbidity. Additional research is required to evaluate the utility of glucose control to mitigate these relationships and improve HSCT outcomes.
Evaluation of the nephron‐sparing surgery formula in Wilms tumors
Authors: Mrad Chaima , Coulomb‐Lhermine Aurore , Tabone Marie‐Dominique , Ulinski Tim , Audry Georges , Irtan Sabine 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimDefinitions of nephron‐sparing surgery (NSS) procedures in Wilms tumor (WT) are not clear. The new UMBRELLA protocol offers a formula (NSS(X)‐SRM(n)‐PRM(n)‐RRP(n%)) to better define the different NSS parameters. We aimed to assess the advantages and limits of this new formula.MethodsThis retrospective monocentric study included patients operated by NSS for WT from 1975 to 2018. We reviewed the medical records and applied the NSS formula to all included patients.ResultsEighty kidneys were operated on 56 patients at a mean age of 19.2 months (4 days‐7.5 years), with 49 partial nephrectomies and 31 tumorectomies. The assessment of the surgical resection margins (SRM) showed a doubt in six cases and one tumor breach. An intact pseudocapsule along the resection margin with no renal parenchyma was found in four cases at pathological resection margins (PRM) assessment, whereas a tumor breach was described in seven cases. Among the six patients with a surgical doubt, only one had a pathological stage III. There were no surgical doubts in the seven patients with tumor breach at pathology. At a mean follow‐up of eight years (15 days‐28.6 years), eight patients had elevated blood pressure levels. Ten had proteinuria. These two parameters were significantly increased in patients with a remaining renal parenchyma (RRP) of less than half of the initial total renal parenchyma. The serum creatinine level was normal for all except two patients.ConclusionThe new NSS formula described all the crucial elements of NSS. RRP seemed essential for the evaluation of long‐term renal function.
Mechanical properties of flax fiber‐reinforced composites at different relative humidities: Experimental, geometric, and displacement potential function approaches
Authors: Moudood Abdul , Rahman Anisur , Huq Nayeem Md Lutful , Öchsner Andreas , Islam Md Mainul , Francucci Gaston 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDue to the good mechanical properties, flax fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites are being widely used as a green alternative to glass fiber composites. However, plant fibers absorb moisture from the environment, being in a higher moisture uptake as the relative humidity (RH) increases. This absorbed moisture deteriorates the mechanical properties of the composites. In this study, geometric and displacement potential function (DPF) approaches are used to predict the mechanical properties of flax fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites under environmental conditions, in particular, different RH values. The tensile properties that were measured experimentally strongly agreed with the analytical findings. Almost similar results were found for the tensile strain those were measured experimentally and the one predicted by the geometric function. However, the predicted strain values were 38% and 42% less than the experimental ones for 0% and 95% RH conditioned composites, respectively, when DPF was used. Good conformity between the experimental, analytical, and DPF formulation for predicting mechanical properties ensures the practical applicability of this study. The formulations established in this work could, therefore, be utilized to analytically solve laminated composites under specific boundary conditions in structural applications.
Should chromosomal microarray be offered to fetuses with ultrasonographic soft markers in second trimester: A prospective cohort study and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Shuyuan , Han Xu , Ye Mujin , Chen Songchang , Shen Yinghua , Niu Jianmei , Wang Yanlin , Xu Chenming 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether chromosomal microarray (CMA) should be offered to fetuses with ultrasonographic soft markers (USMs) in the second trimester.MethodsA prospective cohort study and meta‐analysis were conducted. In the prospective cohort study, 564 fetuses with USMs were enrolled. In the meta‐analysis, eligible articles describing copy number variations in fetuses with USMs were included.ResultsIn the prospective cohort study, the diagnostic yields of CMA over non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and karyotyping were significantly higher in fetuses with mild ventriculomegaly (MVM) than those in local control cohorts with normal ultrasound. However, the yields of CMA over NIPT and karyotyping in fetuses with other USMs were similar to controls. About ten studies, involving 405 fetuses with MVM and 1412 fetuses with other USMs, were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled diagnostic yields of CMA over NIPT and karyotyping in fetuses with MVM were 4.9% and 3.2%, respectively. In fetuses with other USMs, the yields of CMA over NIPT and karyotyping were 1.2% and 0.4%, respectively.ConclusionIt is reasonable to offer CMA as a first‐tier test to fetuses with MVM. However, for fetuses with other USMs, the considerations to perform CMA should not differ from pregnancies with normal ultrasound.
Nicotinonitrile centered luminescent polymeric materials: Structural, optical, electrochemical, and theoretical investigations
Authors: Pilicode Naveenchandra , Naik Praveen , Adhikari Airody Vasudeva 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHerein, we describe the design, synthesis, and structural characterization of three new push‐pull type conjugative polymers, that is, VPPy1‐3 comprising strong electron‐withdrawing N‐heterocyclic nicotinonitrile scaffold coupled with electron‐donating phenylene units through vinylene bridges, as promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. They were successfully synthesized from their respective co‐monomers by simple polycondensation synthetic routes, viz. Knoevenagel and Wittig reactions. All the polymers were subjected to photophysical, electrochemical, thermal, and theoretical studies in order to ascertain their suitability in polymer light‐emitting diode applications as blue emitters. Evidently, they are readily soluble in most of the organic solvents, enabling them easy solution‐processable. These new polymers display strong blue photoluminescence at the peak in the range of 431 to 462 nm with a wide optical bandgap in the order of 2.55 to 2.63 eV. The obtained electrochemical data were employed to evaluate their HOMO/LUMOs. The density functional theory calculations generated useful information on their FMO, molecular geometries, and electronic properties. Also, the influence of their structural modification on the above‐said properties was discussed in detail to reveal the structure‐property relationship. Conclusively, these results illustrate the great prospective of this class of polymeric materials for the application in solution‐processable blue LEDs.
Sustainable additive manufacturing: predicting binder jettability of water‐soluble, biodegradable and recyclable polymers
Authors: Wilts Emily M , Long Timothy E 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAdditive manufacturing potentially generates customized polymeric objects with tailored geometry while reducing waste, employing biodegradable polymers and striving to use recyclable polymer feedstocks for a more sustainable future. Binder jetting additive manufacturing (BJ AM) creates 3D objects upon depositing liquid adhesive onto a powder bed, while a roller spreads powder over a build stage to form subsequent layers. Many factors affect jettability and printability including printhead design, binder material, binder solvent and powder characteristics. Material design for higher strength BJ AM parts using metals, ceramics or polymers exploits binders or particles that transform into thermosets or permanently shaped matrices through thermal or UV curing and sintering. While many BJ AM examples utilize biodegradable, water‐soluble and recyclable polymers for biomedical and industrial applications, a wider array of opportunities exist to degrade, dissolve and reuse printed materials. Systematically shifting to these polymers will facilitate reuse and recycling of both binders and powders, but more studies to improve part strength are required. This review describes an overview of polymer jettability and a perspective into opportunities currently underutilized in transitioning BJ AM into a more sustainable AM platform. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a child and parent mindfulness intervention for pediatric venipuncture
Authors: Moline Rachel L. , Chambers Christine , McMurtry C. Meghan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChildren commonly undergo painful needle procedures. Unmanaged procedural pain can have short‐ and long‐term consequences, including longer procedure times, greater distress at future procedures, and vaccine hesitancy. While parent behaviors are one of the strongest predictors of children's response to acute pain, pediatric procedural pain management interventions focus almost exclusively on the child. Further, existing parent‐involved pediatric pain management interventions typically fail to improve child self‐reported pain during painful procedures. The current protocol offers the first randomized controlled trial involving a mindfulness intervention for pediatric acute pain that includes children and their parents. This study aims to conduct a single‐site, two‐arm, parallel‐group RCT to examine the effects of a mindfulness intervention for parents and children before child venipuncture compared to a control group on primary (child self‐report of pain and fear), secondary (parent self‐report and child report of parent distress), and tertiary outcomes (parent report of child pain and fear). Parent‐child dyads (n = 150) will be recruited from the McMaster Children's Hospital outpatient blood laboratory. Dyads will be randomly assigned to either a mindfulness group guided through a mindfulness intervention or control group guided through an unfocused attention task. Parents will accompany their child for their venipuncture. Postvenipuncture measures will be collected (eg, child pain‐related outcomes as reported by parents and children). The first enrollment occurred in October 2019. We offer a novel intervention that aims to facilitate both parent and child coping during child venipuncture.