bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alamandine attenuates hepatic fibrosis by regulating autophagy induced by NOX4-dependent ROS
Authors: Huang Yun , Li Yang , Lou Anni , Wang Guo zhen , Hu Ye , Zhang Yijie , Huang Weichang , Wang Jun , Li Yue , Zhu Xintao , Chen Tingting , Lin Jiayi , Meng Ying , Li Xu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) has been reported to aggravate hepatic fibrosis by inducing NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent oxidative stress. Alamandine (ALA) protects against fibrosis by counteracting Ang II via the MAS-related G-protein coupled (MrgD) receptor, though the effects of alamandine on hepatic fibrosis remain unknown. Autophagy activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a novel mechanism of hepatic fibrosis. However, whether autophagy is involved in the regulation of Ang II-induced hepatic fibrosis still requires investigation. We explored the effect of alamandine on hepatic fibrosis via regulation of autophagy by redox balance modulation. In vivo, alamandine reduced CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, protein levels of NOX4 and autophagy impairment. In vitro, Ang II treatment elevated NOX4 protein expression and ROS production along with up-regulation of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang II/Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis. These changes resulted in the accumulation of impaired autophagosomes in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Treatment with NOX4 inhibitor VAS2870, ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and NOX4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited Ang II-induced autophagy and collagen synthesis. Alamandine shifted the balance of renin–angiotensin system (RAS) toward the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/alamandine/MrgD axis, and inhibited both Ang II-induced ROS and autophagy activation, leading to attenuation of HSCs migration or collagen synthesis. In summary, alamandine attenuated liver fibrosis by regulating autophagy induced by NOX4-dependent ROS.
Gestational Outcomes in Patients with Severe Maternal Morbidity Caused by Hypertensive Syndromes
Authors: Pinheiro Daisy de Lucena Feitosa Lins , Feitosa Francisco Edson de Lucena , Araujo Júnior Edward , Carvalho Francisco Herlânio Costa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the impact of the presence of criteria for severe maternal morbidity and maternal near miss associated with hypertensive disorders on maternal and perinatal outcomes in a maternity school.
Methods The present is a sub-analysis of a larger study involving 27 centers in Brazil that estimated the prevalence of serious maternal morbidity and near miss. It is an analytical and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, involving 928 women who were cared for at Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand (MEAC, in Portuguese), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC, in Portuguese), from July 2009 to June 2010. The women were diagnosed with near miss according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. The sample was divided into 2 groups: patients with (n = 827) and without hypertension (n = 101). The results were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. The Pearson chi-squared and Fisher Exact tests were used for the categorical variables, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for the continuous variables.
Results In total, 51 participants with maternal near miss criteria were identified, and 36 of them had hypertensive disorders. Of these, 5 died and were obviously excluded from the near miss final group. In contrast, we observed 867 cases with non-near miss maternal morbidity criteria. During this period, there were 4,617 live births (LBs) in the institution that was studied.
Conclusion In the severe morbidity/maternal near miss population, the presence of hypertensive complications was prevalent, constituting a risk factor for both the mother and the fetus.
Influence of Gender and Undergraduate Course on the Knowledge about HPV and HPV Vaccine, and Vaccination Rate among Students of a Public University
Authors: Biselli-Monteiro Marília , Ferracini Amanda Canato , Sarian Luis Otávio , Derchain Sophie Françoise Mauricette 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the knowledge related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the rate of HPV vaccination among undergraduate freshmen and senior students of medicine, pharmacy, speech therapy, nursing and physical education in a Brazilian university.
Methods A questionnaire concerning sociodemographic aspects, sexual background, and knowledge about HPV and its vaccine was filled out by 492 students. Three months later, a second questionnaire, concerning the new rate of vaccination, was applied to 233 students.
Results Among the 290 women who answered the first questionnaire, 47% of the freshmen and 13% of the seniors stated they were not sexually active, as well as 11% of the 202 freshman and senior male students. Although the knowledge about HPV was higher among women, they reported a lower use of condoms. More than 83% of the women and 66% of the men knew that HPV can cause cervical cancer, but less than 30% of the students knew that HPV can cause vulvar, anal, penile and oropharyngeal cancer. Less than half of the students knew that HPV causes genital, anal and oropharyngeal warts. Comparing the students, the seniors had more knowledge of the fact that HPV is sexually transmitted, and that HPV infection can be asymptomatic. The rate of vaccination was of 26% for women, and of 8% for men, and it increased to 52% and 27% respectively among the 233 students evaluated in the second questionnaire.
Conclusion As almost half of freshman women declared being sexually inactive, the investment in public health information programs and easier access to the HPV vaccine seem to be a useful strategy for undergraduate students.
Quality of Life in Women with Deep Endometriosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yela Daniela Angerame , Quagliato Iuri de Paula , Benetti-Pinto Cristina Laguna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective To describe clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of women with deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and assess their quality of life (QOL) during 6 months of medical treatment.
Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study of 60 women diagnosed with DIE either by surgery or image methods (ultrasound or magnetic resonance), who received clinical treatment for at least 6 months in the Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Both the SF-36 and the EHP-30 questionnaires were used to assess the quality of life.
Results The mean age of the patients was 37.7 ± 6.0 years old, with 50% presenting dysmenorrhea; 57% dyspareunia; and 50% chronic pelvic pain. The SF-36 and the EHP-30 revealed impaired quality of life. In the SF-36, the worst domains were limitation due to emotional aspects (40.2 ± 43.1) and self-esteem and disposition (46.1 ± 24.8), whereas in the EHP-30 they were social well-being (50.3 ± 30.6); infertility (48.0 ± 36.3); and sexual intercourse (54.0 ± 32.1).
Conclusion Although clinically treated, women with deep endometriosis present impairment in different domains of quality of life regardless of the questionnaire used for evaluation.
‘Is this normal?’
Authors: Carr Georgia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
To properly understand sex education, it is important to consider the informal education that takes place outside
the classroom. Students often seek out other resources to supplement the education they receive in school, especially to cover
topics which are absent or underdeveloped in the formal sex education curriculum. A key resource for this, especially among young
women, is the magazine advice column. Advice columns create a direct interaction between the reader and the magazine and encourage
the disclosure of intimate, confidential information, making them a ready medium for the production and consumption of sex
education. This study uses the advice columns in Dolly, a popular Australian magazine, to investigate
adolescents’ concerns about normality. This research is based on a corpus of 88,000 words, with data from advice columns published
20 years apart (mid-1990s and mid-2010s), which is analyzed using keywords and concordancing. This is a unique corpus study in
that it considers similarity as well as difference in the data by investigating the recurring concern with normality that is
evident in both decades of the corpus.
Ten years of print media coverage of NAPLAN
Authors: Mockler Nicole 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) has been a key tenet of Australian education
policy since its launch over a decade ago. Print media coverage of NAPLAN and myschool.edu.au,1 which displays and compares NAPLAN results across Australia, has
played a role in both reporting and shaping this aspect of education policy. This paper uses a corpus-assisted approach to map
print media representations of NAPLAN over the first decade of the Program, from 2008 to 2018. Building on previous work on NAPLAN
and the print media (Mockler, 2013, 2016),
it draws on a corpus of almost 6,000 articles from the Australian national and capital city daily newspapers published between 2008
and 2018. It charts the discursive shifts that have taken place over this period as NAPLAN has transitioned in the public space
from a diagnostic tool seen to be useful to educators, to a comparative tool seen to be useful to parents and the general public,
and more recently to a contested tool seen to have narrow or limited utility.
Participial and gerundial clauses in sixteenth-century Spanish prose
Authors: Rey Quesada Santiago Del 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this article consists in studying participial constructions (PC) and gerundial constructions (GC), especially absolute PCs and GCs, within a corpus of Spanish translated and non-translated texts from the 16th century written by two Castilian writers who were prominent exponents of the Erasmian prose in this era. Close attention is paid to translated texts in order to determine the extent to which different types and subtypes of PCs and GCs match PCs and/or any kind of structures in the source text (ST). This approach allows to discuss whether or not a syntactic equivalence between ST and target text (TT) predominates in the corpus under study and, when it is the case, to determine to what extent and by means of which mechanisms TT diverges from ST. The analysis shows that the influence of the Latin model in the ST on the syntax of the Romance TT becomes stronger when it worksex negativo, i.e. Latin turns out to be more influential in non-translated texts or in indirect – or not literally – translated contexts.
On the pace of syntactic elaboration from Latin calques
Authors: Cornillie Bert 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper addresses the auxiliation/grammaticalization ofamenazar(Spanish),dreigen(Dutch),threaten(English), against the background of the competition between the vernacular languages and Latin. It shows that the subjective reading of ‘threaten’, expressing a prediction on the basis of some kind of evidence, is a Latin calque, and that the syntactic creativity or syntactic elaboration starts from this calque. In the three cases, ‘threaten’ is combined with the semantics of ‘fall’, which indicates the roofing role of Latin. The paper shows that the pace of the constructional change from ‘threaten’ +npto ‘threaten’ +infis different from one language to another. Spanishamenazargrammaticalizes into an auxiliary during the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th century. In the case of Dutch, by contrast, only in the Golden Age of the 17th century do writers start to usedreigen‘threaten’ as an auxiliary. Finally, English develops the auxiliary one century later than the Dutch one. The chronological differences are explained on the basis of the cultural and linguistic elaborations typical of Golden centuries, which vary from one nation to another.
Latin influence on German word order?
Authors: Hock Hans Henrich 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Behaghel’s claim that verb finality in German dependent clauses (DCs) reflects Latin influence (1892, 1932) has been revived by Chirita (1997, 2003). According to Chirita, DC word
order remains variable up to Early New High German, while in Latin, verb-finality is more frequent in DCs than main clauses (MCs);
hence, she claims, German verb finality reflects Latin influence. This papers shows that the arguments for Latin influence are
problematic and that the Modern German word order difference between MCs and DCs can be explained as the ultimate outcome of
developments that started in early North and West Germanic. In the conclusion I briefly discuss similar developments in Western
Romance and their implications for European contact linguistics.
Introduction
Authors: Beger Anke , Smith Thomas H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this introduction, we start by providing an overview of how metaphor makes science accessible (§ 1). The first part describes the intended readership of this book and introduces them
to studies of metaphor in science. We then provide the theoretical foundation for the study of metaphor in science that all of
the contributions in this volume are based on: Conceptual Metaphor Theory (§ 2). The
third part (§ 3) introduces the three interrelated functions or levels of metaphor that
are vital for making science accessible: language, thought, and communication. An overview of contributions to this volume
concludes this chapter (§ 4).
Social metaphors in cellular and molecular biology
Authors: Brown Theodore L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Consistent with conceptual metaphor theory (CMT), metaphor use in biology is characterized by three
overarching metaphorical themes: The Semiotic Metaphor, Teleology and Emergence/Supervenience. These themes are
applied in analyzing metaphor use in the study of cellular systems. Use of metaphors drawn from social domains is
extensive and systematic. In science teaching, attention should be paid to how scientists acquire and
evaluate new knowledge, and convey new findings. Abductive inference as a means of arriving at a best
explanation is of great pedagogical value. Abductive inference depends upon metaphors grounded in embodied and social
conceptual frameworks. Explicit acknowledgment of metaphorical usage in science teaching illuminates the path from
scientific observations toward robust theories.
Non-verbal and multimodal metaphors bring biology into the
picture
Authors: Ureña Gómez-Moreno José Manuel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The relationship between multimodality and cognitive
effects has become an important topic of discussion in Cognitive
Linguistics. A growing number of studies explore the multimodal
manifestations of figurative thought in a wide range of domains.
However, little research has been done on visual and auditory
metaphor in science. This chapter examines (i) pictures from a
corpus of publications covering different biology subdomains and
(ii) video clips that feature animals and biological processes. The
corpus includes expert material and popular science resources.
Empirical evidence is provided that visuals, non-verbal sounds, and
words work either separately or together to construe metaphors,
which have a major role in building scientific theories in biology
and in communicating these theories to laypeople and learners.
Three metaphors in social science
Authors: Smith Thomas H. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Metaphors appear in scientific theories, guide scientists, teach students and fascinate the public. This
chapter sketches a kind of vocation or métier for scientific metaphors in physics and then applies the same outline to
three influential conceptual metaphors in social science – dataset, social field, and dynamical
system, along with their respective sub-mappings. All three are in continuous use and often reliant on each
other. Using corpora derived from recent social science literature I show how metaphors stimulate hypotheses, then are
extended to account for results in successive rounds of observation and theory development, tracing the degree to
which each metaphor is useful and retained over the years. Of special interest are supplementary metaphors introduced
deliberately to summarize complex source domains.
The brain is a computer and the mind is its program
Authors: Beger Anke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This chapter analyzes three stops along the life path of
the influential metaphor the brain is a computer and the mind is
its program. At the first two stops, the philosophers
Searle, Hofstadter and Dennett argue about the literal truth of this
metaphor in two academic papers. They embed the metaphor in complex
metaphorical analogies, i.e., deliberate metaphors,
for primarily persuasive purposes. The last stop analyzed is an
academic lecture in philosophy which aims at explaining the
metaphorical reasoning of the philosophers. The analysis focuses on
the professor’s modifications of one of Searle’s deliberate
metaphors. These modifications result in a misrepresentation of
Searle’s view on the mind. Linguistic evidence indicates that this
misrepresentation influences the students’ concept of the mind.
Metonymic and metaphoric meaning extensions of Chinese FACE and its collocations
Authors: Lin Zhengjun , Jin Shengxi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the extension of conventional meanings of Chinese FACE expressions in their collocations as well as the collocations themselves through metonymy and metaphor. The data with five FACE expressions included are sampled from the corpus of Center for Chinese Linguistics at Peking University. The conventional meaning of these five FACE expressions is ‘the surface of the front of the head from the top of the forehead to the base of the chin and from ear to ear’. The conventional meaning of FACE in its collocations is metonymically extended to ‘facial expression, emotion, attitude, person, health state, affection, sense of honor, etc.’, and metaphorically to ‘the front space or part of something, a part, a side or an aspect of something, the surface or the exposed layer of something, the geometric plane in math or scope/range of something, etc.’. When Chinese FACE is collocated with other words, its meanings are also extended through metonymy-metonymy chains, metonymy-metaphor continuums and metonymy-metaphor combinations. The meanings of Chinese FACE collocations (phrases) are mainly metonymically extended when used in certain contexts.
Discourse markers as indicators of connectedness between expositive illocutionary acts
Authors: Oishi Etsuko 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
There has been consistent interest in discourse makers over the past couple of decades, and various proposals have
been put forth regarding their functions. The present paper analyzes discourse markers in general as indicators of types of
connectedness between expositive illocutionary acts (Austin [1962]1975), which bring
about illocutionary effects in discourse. The discourse marker well in particular indicates a gap between the
preceding expositive illocutionary act and the present one, signaling the present expositive illocutionary act is of a
non-committal type. This gap is analyzed, depending on the types of the preceding and present expositive illocutionary acts, as
divergence, hesitancy, a transition from one expositive illocutionary act to another, or a boundary between them.
Writing vowels in Punic
Authors: Crellin Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper traces the employment of original Phoenician-Punic guttural graphemes, <ˀ>, <ˁ>, <h>,
and <ḥ>, to represent vowel phonemes in later Punic. Three typologically distinct treatments are identified: (1)
morphographic, where the grapheme <ˀ> indicates the etymological glottal stop /ˀ/ (its original function) as well as vowel
morphemes without specifying their phonological character; (2) morpho-phonographic, where guttural graphemes continue to indicate
etymological guttural consonants, but now both the presence of a vowel morpheme and (potentially) the vowel quality of that
morpheme; and (3) phonographic, where the same set of guttural graphemes serve to denote vowel phonemes only, and do not any
longer indicate guttural consonants. The threefold division is argued for on the basis of the Late Punic language written in Punic
and Neopunic scripts. Despite the availability of dedicated vowel graphemes, these are not obligatorily written in any period of
written Punic. It is suggested that a typologically significant path of development may be observed across these three uses of
guttural graphemes, with (3) the endpoint of a development from morphography to phonography.
Green operators in low regularity spacetimes and quantum field theory
Authors: Hörmann G , Sanchez Y Sanchez , Spreitzer C , Vickers J A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper we develop the mathematics required in order to provide a description of the observables for quantum fields on low-regularity spacetimes. In particular we consider the case of a massless scalar field ϕ on a globally hyperbolic spacetime M with C
1,1 metric g. This first entails showing that the (classical) Cauchy problem for the wave equation is well-posed for initial data and sources in Sobolev spaces and then constructing low-regularity advanced and retarded Green operators as maps between suitable function spaces. In specifying the relevant function spaces we need to control the norms of both ϕ and □
g

ϕ in order to ensure that □
g
◦G
± and G
±◦□
g
are the identity maps on those spaces. The causal propagator G = G
+ − G
− is then used to define a symplectic form ω on a normed space V(M) which is shown to be isomorphic to ker(□
g
). This enables one to provide a locally covariant description of the quantum fields in terms of the elements of quasi-local C*-algebras.
III–V nanowire MOSFETs with novel self-limiting Λ-ridge spacers for RF applications
Authors: Lindelöw Fredrik , Sri Garigapati Navya , Södergren Lasse , Borg Mattias , Lind Erik 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We present a semi self-aligned processing scheme for III–V nanowire transistors with novel semiconductor spacers in the shape of Λ-ridges, utilising the effect of slow growth rate on {111}B facets. The addition of spacers relaxes the constraint on the perfect alignment of gate to contact areas to enable low overlap capacitances. The spacers give a field-plate effect that also helps reduce off-state and output conductance while increasing breakdown voltage. Microwave compatible devices with L
g = 32 nm showing f
T = 75 GHz and f
max = 100 GHz are realized with the process, demonstrating matched performance to spacer-less devices but with relaxed scaling requirements.
A low energy rare event search with the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR
Authors: Wiseman Clint 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR is sensitive to rare events near its energy threshold, including bosonic dark matter, solar axions, and lightly ionizing particles. In this analysis, a novel training set of low energy small-angle Compton scatter events is used to determine the efficiency of pulse shape analysis cuts, and we present updated bosonic dark matter and solar axion results from an 11.17 kg-y dataset using a 5 keV analysis threshold.