bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing Donor Heart Assessment Strategies During Ex Situ Heart Perfusion to Better Estimate Posttransplant Cardiac Function
Authors: Ribeiro Roberto Vanin Pinto , Alvarez Juglans Souto , Yu Frank , Adamson Mitchell Brady , Paradiso Emanuela , Hondjeu Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu , Xin Liming , Gellner Bryan , Degen Maja , Bissoondath Ved , Meineri Massimiliano , Rao Vivek , Badiwala Mitesh Vallabh 
Published: July 2020

Background.
Ex situ heart perfusion (ESHP) limits ischemic periods and enables continuous monitoring of donated hearts; however, a validated assessment method to predict cardiac performance has yet to be established. We compare biventricular contractile and metabolic parameters measured during ESHP to determine the best evaluation strategy to estimate cardiac function following transplantation.

Methods.
Donor pigs were assigned to undergo beating-heart donation (n = 9) or donation after circulatory death (n = 8) induced by hypoxia. Hearts were preserved for 4 hours with ESHP while invasive and noninvasive (NI) biventricular contractile, and metabolic assessments were performed. Following transplantation, hearts were evaluated at 3 hours of reperfusion. Spearman correlation was used to determine the relationship between ESHP parameters and posttransplant function.

Results.
We performed 17 transplants; 14 successfully weaned from bypass (beating-heart donation versus donation after circulatory death; P = 0.580). Left ventricular invasive preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) (r = 0.770; P = 0.009), NI PRSW (r = 0.730; P = 0.001), and NI maximum elastance (r = 0.706; P = 0.002) strongly correlated with cardiac index (CI) following transplantation. Right ventricular NI PRSW moderately correlated to CI following transplantation (r = 0.688; P = 0.003). Lactate levels were weakly correlated with CI following transplantation (r = −0.495; P = 0.043). None of the echocardiography measurements correlated with cardiac function following transplantation.

Conclusions.
Left ventricular functional parameters, especially ventricular work and reserve, provided the best estimation of myocardial performance following transplantation. Furthermore, simple NI estimates of ventricular function proved useful in this setting. Right ventricular and metabolic measurements were limited in their ability to correlate with myocardial recovery. This emphasizes the need for an ESHP platform capable of assessing myocardial contractility and suggests that metabolic parameters alone do not provide a reliable evaluation.
Attitudes Toward Organ, Tissue, and Vascularized Composite Allograft (VCA) Donation and Transplantation: A Survey of United States Military Veterans
Authors: Ward Stephanie , Boger Matthew , Fleishman Aaron , Shenkel Jessica , Calvo Amanda , Pomahac Bohdan , Zwolak Robert , Krishnan Namrata , Rodrigue James R. 
Published: July 2020

Background.
There are 20 million living US armed forces veterans; however, the organ donation attitudes of veterans have not been examined.

Methods.
Over a 17-month period, a convenience sample of 1517 veterans in New England completed a survey to assess attitudes about organ, tissue, and vascularized composite allograft (VCA) donation.

Results.
Most veterans (96%) supported the donation of organs and tissue for transplantation, and 59% were registered as an organ and tissue donor. Being younger (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.960.970.98; P = 0.01), female (aOR: 1.061.462.03; P = 0.02), non-Hispanic white (aOR: 1.302.073.30; P = 0.01), Hispanic (aOR: 1.282.434.61; P = 0.01), and having more trust that the transplant process is fair and equal (aOR: 1.191.401.65; P = 0.01) were predictive of donor registration. Also, most veterans were willing to donate their face (57%), hands/arms (81%), legs (81%), penis (men: 61%), and uterus (women: 76%) at time of death; donation willingness was higher for upper and lower limbs than for face or genitourinary organs (P < 0.001). Those unwilling to donate VCA organs expressed concerns about identity loss, psychological discomfort of self and others, body integrity, funeral presentation, and religious beliefs. Most (54%) felt that VCA donation should require permission of legal next-of-kin at the time of one’s death, even if the decedent was a registered donor.

Conclusions.
There is a high level of support for organ, tissue, and VCA transplantation and donation among veterans, despite limited educational campaigns targeting this population. There is high potential among veterans to further increase donor registry enrollment and raise awareness about VCA benefits for severely injured service members.
Evaluation of Longitudinal Exposure to Tacrolimus as a Risk Factor of Chronic Kidney Disease Occurrence Within the First-year Post-Liver Transplantation
Authors: Maurel Pauline , Prémaud Aurélie , Carrier Paul , Essig Marie , Barbier Louise , Rousseau Annick , Silvain Christine , Causse Xavier , Debette-Gratien Marilyne , Jacques Jérémie , Marquet Pierre , Salamé Ephrem , Loustaud-Ratti Véronique 
Published: July 2020

Background.
Renal failure is predictive of mortality in the early postliver-transplantation period and calcineurin inhibitors toxicity is a main challenge. Our aim is to assess the impact of longitudinal tacrolimus exposure (TLE) and other variables on chronic kidney disease (CKD)-free 1-year-survival.

Methods.
Retrospective data of consecutive patients transplanted between 2011 and 2016 and treated with tacrolimus were collected. TLE and all relevant pre- and post-liver transplantation (LT) predictive factors of CKD were tested and included in a time-to-event model. CKD was defined by repeated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values below 60 mL/min/1.73m2 at least for the last 3 months before M12 post-LT.

Results.
Data from 180 patients were analyzed. CKD-free survival was 74.5% and was not associated with TLE. Pre-LT acute kidney injury (AKI) and eGFR at 1-month post-LT (eGFRM1) <60 mL/min/1.73m2 were significant predictors of CKD. By distinguishing 2 situations within AKI (ie, with or without hepatorenal syndrome [HRS]), only HRS-AKI remained associated to CKD. HRS-AKI and eGFRM1 <60 mL/min/1.73m2 increased the risk of CKD (hazard ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.9; hazard ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.6-8.8, respectively).

Conclusions.
In our study, TLE, unlike HRS-AKI and eGFRM1, was not predictive of CKD-free survival at 1-year post-LT. Our results once again question the reversibility of HRS-AKI.
COVID-19 and Abdominal Transplant: A Stepwise Approach to Practice During Pandemic Conditions
Authors: Syed Shareef M. , Gardner James , Roll Garrett , Webber Allison , Mehta Neil , Shoji Jun , Adelmann Dieter , Niemann Claus , Braun Hillary J. , Mello Anna , Yao Francis , Posselt Andrew , Kang Sang-Mo , Hirose Ryutaro , Roberts John , Feng Sandy , Ascher Nancy , Stock Peter , Freise Chris 
Published: July 2020

Background.
The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease has transformed innumerable aspects of medical practice, particularly in the field of transplantation.

Main Body.
Here we describe a single-center approach to creating a generalizable, comprehensive, and graduated set of recommendations to respond in stepwise fashion to the challenges posed by these conditions, and the underlying principles guiding such decisions.

Conclusions.
Creation of a stepwise plan will allow transplant centers to respond in a dynamic fashion to the ongoing challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Dual-Histamine Receptor Blockade with Cetirizine - Famotidine Reduces Pulmonary Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Hogan Reed B. , Hogan Reed B. , Cannon Tim , Rappai Maria , Studdard John , Paul Doug , Dooley Thomas P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2 infection can produce Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome as a result of a pulmonary cytokine storm. Antihistamines are safe and effective treatments for reducing inflammation and cytokine release. Combinations of Histamine-1 and Histamine-2 receptor antagonists have been effective in urticaria, and might reduce the histamine-mediated pulmonary cytokine storm in COVID-19. Can a combination of Histamine-1 and Histamine-2 receptor blockers improve COVID-19 inpatient outcomes?MethodsA physician-sponsored cohort study of cetirizine and famotidine was performed in hospitalized patients with severe to critical pulmonary symptoms. Pulmonologists led the inpatient care in a single medical center of 110 high-acuity patients that were treated with cetirizine 10 mgb.i.d. and famotidine 20 mgb.i.d. plus standard-of-care.ResultsOf all patients, including those with Do Not Resuscitate directives, receiving the dual-histamine receptor blockade for at least 48 hours, the combination drug treatment resulted in a 16.4% rate of intubation, a 7.3% rate of intubation after a minimum of 48 hours of treatment, a 15.5% rate of inpatient mortality, and 11.0 days duration of hospitalization. The drug combination exhibited beneficial reductions in inpatient mortality and symptom progression when compared to published reports of COVID-19 inpatients. Concomitant medications were assessed and hydroxychloroquine was correlated with worse outcomes.ConclusionsThis physician-sponsored cohort study of cetirizine and famotidine provides proof-of-concept of a safe and effective method to reduce the progression in symptom severity, presumably by minimizing the histamine-mediated cytokine storm. Further clinical studies in COVID-19 are warranted of the repurposed off-label combination of two historically-safe histamine receptor blockers.
State-dependent mapping of GlyR-cholesterol interactions by coupling crosslinking with mass spectrometry
Authors: Ferraro Nicholas A. , Cascio Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC) allostery is dependent on dynamic associations with its diverse environment. The cellular membrane’s lipid composition influences channel function with cholesterol being a key regulator of channel activity. Humanα1 glycine receptor (GlyR) was purified from baculovirus infected insect cells and reconstituted in unilamellar vesicles at physiological cholesterol:lipid ratios with aliquots of azi-cholesterol, a photoactivatable non-specific crosslinker. The receptor in vesicles was then enriched in either a resting, open, or desensitized state prior to photocrosslinking. Following photoactivation, crosslinked cholesterol-GlyR was trypsinized and sites of direct covalent attachment to peptides were identified by targeted MS/MS. Dozens of state-dependent crosslinks were identified and differential patterns of cholesterol-GlyR crosslinks were observed in the extracellular region nearing the lipid bilayer, in the M4 transmembrane helix, and in the large intracellular M3-M4 loop. Unique crosslinks in comparative studies identify changes in lipid accessibility or modulation of hydrophobic cavities in GlyR as a function of receptor allostery. Most notably, the outward twisting of M4 and differential crosslinking within the M3-M4 loop provide new insight into allosteric repositioning of GlyR. More generally, this study provides an accurate and sensitive approach to mapping the protein-lipid interactions to discern state-dependent structural movements of membrane proteins embedded in lipid-bilayers.SignificanceIon channels are highly allosteric molecular machines whose structure and function are sensitive to lipids and ligands. While the structures of many pLGICs are known, these are often truncated forms of the receptor in a membrane-mimetic environment locked in ligand-bound conformational states that may not accurately reflect the conformation and dynamics of the receptor in a native lipid environment. Crosslinking coupled with mass spectrometry (CX-MS) has the capability of interrogating the structure of full-length receptors in a lipid environment. In this study, CX-MS was used to identify state-dependent cholesterol-GlyR interactions to identify differential cholesterol accessibility as a function of channel dynamics upon gating and desensitization.
Modelling the impact of climate change on the distribution and abundance of tsetse in Northern Zimbabwe
Authors: Longbottom Joshua , Caminade Cyril , Gibson Harry S. , Weiss Daniel J. , Torr Steve , Lord Jennifer S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundClimate change is predicted to impact the transmission dynamics of vector-borne diseases. Tsetse flies (Glossina) transmit species ofTrypanosomathat cause human and animal African trypanosomiasis. A previous modelling study showed that temperature increases between 1990 and 2017 can explain the observed decline in abundance of tsetse at a single site in the Mana Pools National Park of Zimbabwe. Here, we apply a mechanistic model of tsetse population dynamics to predict how increases in temperature may have changed the distribution and relative abundance ofGlossina pallidipesacross northern Zimbabwe.MethodsLocal weather station temperature measurements were previously used to fit the mechanistic model to longitudinalG. pallidipescatch data. To extend the use of the model, we converted MODIS land surface temperature to air temperature, compared the converted temperatures with available weather station data to confirm they aligned, and then re-fitted the mechanistic model usingG. pallidipescatch data and air temperature estimates. We projected this fitted model across northern Zimbabwe, using simulations at a 1 km × 1 km spatial resolution, between 2000 to 2016.ResultsWe produce estimates of relative changes inG. pallidipesmortality, larviposition, emergence rates and abundance, for northern Zimbabwe. Our model predicts decreasing tsetse populations within low elevation areas in response to increasing temperature trends during 2000-2016. Conversely, we show that high elevation areas (>1000 M.A.S.L), previously considered too cold to sustain tsetse, may now be climatically suitable.ConclusionsThe results of this research represent the first regional-scale assessment of temperature related tsetse population dynamics, and the first high spatial-resolution estimates of this metric for northern Zimbabwe. Our results suggest that tsetse abundance may have declined across much of the Zambezi valley in response to changing climatic conditions during the study period. Future research including empirical studies is planned to improve model accuracy and validate predictions for other field sites in Zimbabwe.
Noncanonical WNT activation in human right ventricular heart failure
Authors: Edwards Jonathan J. , Brandimarto Jeffrey , Hu Dong-Qing , Jeong Sunhye , Yucel Nora , Li Li , Bedi Kenneth C. , Wada Shogo , Murashige Danielle , Hwang Hyun Tae , Zhao Mingming , Margulies Kenneth B. , Bernstein Daniel , Reddy Sushma , Arany Zoltan P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA significant barrier to developing therapies to treat right ventricular (RV) remodeling and RV failure (RVF) has been a lack of understanding for the molecular pathways that are specifically activated in pathologic human RV remodeling. Since murine models have suggested involvement of Wnt signaling in pathologic RV remodeling, we used a candidate gene approach to study differential WNT expression in human RV remodeling using RVs from three groups: nonfailing donors, explanted dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy with either preserved RV function or with RVF. We identified the noncanonical WNT receptor ROR2 as transcriptionally strongly upregulated in RVF. ROR2 protein expression correlated linearly to mRNA expression and to worse RV performance using pretransplant hemodynamic assessments. High ROR2 expression in RVF also correlated to expression of the WNT5A/ROR2/Ca2+ responsive protease calpain as well as cleavage of its downstream target FLNA, and FLNA phosphorylation, another marker of activation downstream of ROR2. Here we demonstrate robust reactivation of a fetal WNT gene program, specifically its noncanonical arm, in human RVF characterized by activation of ROR2/calpain mediated cytoskeleton protein cleavage.
Dengue antibodies can cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 and vice versa-Antibody detection kits can give false-positive results for both viruses in regions where both COVID-19 and Dengue co-exist
Authors: Nath Himadri , Mallick Abinash , Roy Subrata , Sukla Soumi , Basu Keya , De Abhishek , Biswas Subhajit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFive of thirteen Dengue antibody-positive serum samples, dated 2017 (pre-dating the COVID-19 outbreak) produced false-positive results in SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM rapid strip tests. Our results emphasize the importance of NAT and/or virus antigen tests to complement sero-surveillance for definitive diagnosis of COVID-19/Dengue in regions where both viruses are co-endemic.
The Study of Acute Myocardial Infarctions Triggers in North-Western Iran
Authors: Khademvatani Kamal , Sedokani Amin , Masudi Sima , Nejati Parisa , Mohammadzad Mir Hosein Seyyed , Rahmani Alireza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundMyocardial infarction (MI) is one of the important cardiovascular diseases. A trigger is an external stimulus, potential to create a pathological change leading to a clinical event. In addition to the risk factors of myocardial infarction, MI triggers play critical roles in the incidence of acute MI.Methods and ResultsThis is a cross-sectional study of patients with the first acute myocardial infarction in Seyedoshohada heart center of Urmia, Iran. 254 patients were enrolled in the study within one year of study. After 48h of hospitalization, the patients were provided with the questionnaire to collecting the history of the disease ad triggers. Out of 220 (86.4%) patients with STEMI and 34 (13.6%) patients with NSTEMI, there were significant differences (p <0.05) in AMI triggers with LVEF (0.03), gender (0.027), residency and living area (0.039), occupation (0.002), smoking (0.008), abnormal serum TG levels (0.018) and the season of AMI occurrence (0.013). The mean age for AMI patients was 60.4±12.97 years old with a mean BMI of 26.65±4.35 kg/m2.ConclusionIn addition to classic risk factors of myocardial infarction, health care systems must pay more attention to triggers that may induce an acute myocardial infarction in people with predisposing factors especially in the male sex, stressful and hand working jobs, and psychological and mental tension patients.
Somatic variant analysis of linked-reads sequencing data with Lancet
Authors: Musunuri Rajeeva , Arora Kanika , Corvelo André , Shah Minita , Shelton Jennifer , Zody Michael C. , Narzisi Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSummaryWe present a new version of the popular somatic variant caller, Lancet, that supports the analysis oflinked-readssequencing data. By seamlessly integrating barcodes and haplotype read assignments within the colored De Bruijn graph local-assembly framework, Lancet computes a barcode-aware coverage and identifies variants that disagree with the local haplotype structure.Availability and ImplementationLancet is implemented in C++ and is available for academic and non-commercial research purposes as an open-source package athttps://github.com/nygenome/lancet.Contactgnarzisi@nygenome.org
BERTMeSH: Deep Contextual Representation Learning for Large-scale High-performance MeSH Indexing with Full Text
Authors: You Ronghui , Liu Yuxuan , Mamitsuka Hiroshi , Zhu Shanfeng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMotivationWith the rapid increase of biomedical articles, large-scale automatic Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) indexing has become increasingly important. FullMeSH, the only method for large-scale MeSH indexing with full text, suffers from three major drawbacks: FullMeSH 1) uses Learning To Rank (LTR), which is time-consuming, 2) can capture some pre-defined sections only in full text, and 3) ignores the whole MEDLINE database.ResultsWe propose a computationally lighter, full-text and deep learning based MeSH indexing method, BERTMeSH, which is flexible for section organization in full text. BERTMeSH has two technologies: 1) the state-of-the-art pre-trained deep contextual representation, BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers), which makes BERTMeSH capture deep semantics of full text. 2) a transfer learning strategy for using both full text in PubMed Central (PMC) and title and abstract (only and no full text) in MEDLINE, to take advantages of both. In our experiments, BERTMeSH was pre-trained with 3 million MEDLINE citations and trained on approximately 1.5 million full text in PMC. BERTMeSH outperformed various cutting edge baselines. For example, for 20K test articles of PMC, BERTMeSH achieved a Micro F-measure of 69.2%, which was 6.3% higher than FullMeSH with the difference being statistically significant. Also prediction of 20K test articles needed 5 minutes by BERTMeSH, while it took more than 10 hours by FullMeSH, proving the computational efficiency of BERTMeSH.Contactzhusf@fudan.edu.cn
Reinforcement Learning and Bayesian Inference Provide Complementary Models for the Unique Advantage of Adolescents in Stochastic Reversal
Authors: Eckstein Maria K. , Master Sarah L. , Dahl Ronald E. , Wilbrecht Linda , Collins Anne G.E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring adolescence, youth venture out, explore the wider world, and are challenged to learn how to navigate novel and uncertain environments. We investigated whether adolescents are uniquely adapted to this transition, compared to younger children and adults. In a stochastic, volatile reversal-learning task with a sample of 291 participants aged 8-30, we found that adolescents outperformed both younger and older participants. We developed two independent cognitive models, based on Reinforcement learning (RL) and Bayesian inference (BI). The RL parameter for learning from negative outcomes and the BI parameters specifying participants’ mental models peaked closest to optimal in adolescents, suggesting a central role in adolescent cognitive processing. By contrast, persistence and noise parameters improved monotonously with age. We distilled the insights of RL and BI using principal component analysis and found that three shared components interacted to form the adolescent performance peak: adult-like behavioral quality, child-like time scales, and developmentally-unique processing of positive feedback. This research highlights adolescence as a neurodevelopmental window that may be specifically adapted for volatile and uncertain environments. It also shows how detailed insights can be gleaned by using cognitive models in new ways.
Tau conformers in FTLD-MAPT undergo liquid-liquid phase separation and perturb the nuclear envelope
Authors: Kang Sang-Gyun , Han Zhuang Zhuang , Daude Nathalie , McNamara Emily , Wohlgemuth Serene , Safar Jiri G. , Mok Sue-Ann , Westaway David 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecent studies show that a singleMAPTgene mutation can promote alternative tau misfolding pathways engendering divergent forms of frontotemporal dementia and that under conditions of molecular crowding, the repertoire of tau forms can include liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). We show here that following pathogenic seeding, tau condenses on the nuclear envelope (NE) and disrupts nuclear-cytoplasmic transport (NCT). Interestingly, NE fluorescent tau signals and small fluorescent inclusions behaved as demixed liquid droplets in living cells. Thioflavin S-positive intracellular aggregates were prevalent in tau-derived inclusions with a size bigger than 3 μm2, indicating that a threshold of critical mass in the liquid state condensation may drive liquid-solid phase transitions. Our findings indicate that tau undergoing LLPS is more toxic amongst a spectrum of alternative conformers; LLPS droplets on the NE that disrupt NCT serve to trigger cell death and can act as nurseries for fibrillar structures abundantly detected in end-stage disease.