bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calculation of the Ecological Thresholds of Normal Pressure of Machine Propulsion Drive in Working on Clay Soils
Authors: Panasyuk A. N. , Lipkan A. V. 
Published: December 2020

One of the conditions for achieving maximum land productivity is optimal soil density. In the Amur Region, ecological compaction thresholds for cereals are 1.0-1.24 grams per cubic centimeter, for soybeans – 1.09-1.25, which corresponds to a normal pressure of 80-120 kilopascals, depending on soil moisture. The authors showed that the tractors used in the Amur Region, acting on the soil, exceed the ecological compaction threshold. (Research purpose) To substantiate the ecological compatibility of mobile fi eld energy, primarily tractors engaged in fi eld work, in terms of the compacting eff ect from the normal load transmitted by their propulsion drive to the soil. (Materials and methods) The authors analyzed the experimental data on changes in density, hardness and resistance of soil to processing. An empirical dependence was obtained for calculating the increase in resistance to soil cultivation from the compaction load in a layer of 0-20 centimeters. (Results and discussion) The authors established an increase in plowing resistance of 12-25 percents at a normal load of 138-170 kilopascals, transmitted by the machine propulsion drive, which corresponded to a soil density of 1.25-1.30 grams per cubic centimeter; at a load of 180-250 kilopascals, the resistance increased by 43-50 percents which was equivalent to a soil density of 1.30-1.35 grams per cubic centimeter; at a pressure of 300-350 kilopascals, these indicators increased by 60-67 percents and up to 1.40-1.45 grams per cubic centimeter; and at 400 kilopascals, they showed an increase in resistance of 70-90 percents which is comparable to a density of 1.48 grams per cubic centimeter. (Conclusions) It was determined that the limit value of the normal pressure under the machine propulsion drive in fi eld work should be limited to 150-175 kilopascals. The ecological threshold of normal pressure was established – no more than 120-135 kilopascals with soil moisture of 20-23 percents which was comparable to the soil density of 1.2-1.25 grams per cubic centimeter. The limiting value of the normal pressure of the propulsion drive on the soil was calculated – 350 Pa, which corresponded to the critical soil compaction of 1.30 grams per cubic centimeter.
Plasma levels of protachykinin-1 (TAC1) in patients with sarcoidosis
Authors: KORKMAZ Celalettin , AKDAĞ Turan 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The etiology and pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, a systemic granulomatous lung disease affecting many people, still remain unknown. Sarcoidosis is diagnosed by demonstrating non-caseous granulomas and ruling out granulomatous diseases. Therefore, sensitive biomarkers used in diagnosis and follow-up processes are needed. Our aim is to investigate diagnostic value of plasma protachykinin-1 (TAC1) levels in sarcoidosis patients.Methods: Forty-two sarcoidosis patients followed-up by the department of chest diseases, and 38 controls were included into the study. Clinical, radiological and laboratory data of patients were recorded, and plasma TAC1 levels were analyzed in patients and healthy controls. Results: Plasma TAC1 levels of sarcoidosis patients and controls were found as 1124.25±1117.25 ng/L and 1319.37±1357.38 ng/L, respectively. Although not statistically significant (p=0.338), a decrease was found in TAC1 levels of sarcoidosis patients. Additionally, patients’ lymphocyte levels were also found significantly lower than controls (p=0.007). No statistically significant correlation was found between other laboratory findings, including leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, eosinophil count, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) CD4 +, CD8 +, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) CD4 +, BAL CD8 + and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and plasma TAC1 levels.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate plasma TAC1 levels as a biomarker in sarcoidosis patients. Although plasma TAC1 levels were slightly decreased in sarcoidosis patients, the decrease was not statistically significant, and no adequate data were provided for the use of plasma TAC1 level as a biomarker. We consider more comprehensive research are needed to elucidate the entity.
Sobre el desplazamiento por cambio climático y su regulación en el Derecho Internacional
Authors: Atapattu Sumudu , Felipe Pérez Beatriz , Odriozola Ignacio , Scott Matthew 
Published: December 2020

“Conversar” es la acción de hablar con una o varias personas. En esta sección nos proponemos que especialistas dialoguen por escrito sobre uno de los temas actuales del Derecho internacional: el desplazamiento por cambio climático que afecta a miles de personas en todo el mundo y el vacío normativo en el reconocimiento de la protección de estos desplazados, lo que a su vez genera un debate sobre si considerarlos como migrantes o refugiados. En esta oportunidad invitamos a Josefina Buscetti quien planteó a los especialistas el siguiente interrogante: el Comité de Derechos Humanos de las Naciones Unidas, a principios del año 2020, en su opinión al caso sobre la deportación a la República de Kiribati de Ioane Teitiota quién había solicitado asilo bajo los términos de “refugiado” o “persona protegida” en Nueva Zelanda, concluyó que los desplazados como consecuencia del cambio climático no deben ser devueltos a su país de origen si sus derechos humanos fundamentales como el derecho a la vida, se encuentran en riesgo a causa de este retorno, marcando de esta manera un precedente a nivel global, por lo tanto, ¿cómo considera que debe plantearse la normativa internacional para que en su aplicación los Estados tengan la obligación de reconocer y proteger a los desplazados transfronterizos por cambio climático que solicitan asilo? A continuación compartimos las opiniones de los especialistas sobre la cuestión planteada.
Tree Fern Apical Temperatures at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
Authors: Wardlaw Alastair , Galloway Louise , Ensoll Andrew 
Published: December 2020

Tree ferns are difficult to maintain out of doors in the British Isles except in western localities, where winter temperatures are moderated by the North Atlantic Drift, or in places where buildings provide a clement microclimate. The present study of tree-fern apical temperatures during winter was carried out on five trunked specimens of Dicksonia antarctica that had been grown satisfactorily out of doors for several years, while planted in the ground of a courtyard at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE). The plants were never wrapped or otherwise protected with thermal insulation during the winter months. An electric thermometer was inserted into the apical cleft of each plant in November 2003, and weekly readings of minimum and maximum temperature taken until April 2004. The ambient temperature of the air in the courtyard was similarly recorded and compared with the screen and grass temperatures at the RBGE weather station in the main botanic garden.
The lowest grass and screen temperatures were respectively -11.2°C and -7.1°C, whereas the lowest courtyard and fern-apical temperatures were respectively -3.2°C and -0.8°C. Thus in the coldest period of that winter there was over 10°C difference in temperature between ground level in the main garden and a tree fern apical cleft in the sheltered courtyard.
The tree ferns were not noticeably damaged by exposure of the apical cleft region to just below freezing point on a few occasions and the fronds stayed green. The five individual plants differed considerably in trunk height, diameter and volume. Regression analysis revealed that there was a significantly increasing thermal-insulating effect in the apical cleft associated with larger trunk diameters and volumes.
The RBGE weather station temperatures during the winter of 2003-4 were unexceptional when compared with records from the previous 19 years. Thus the data from 2003-4 may be taken as representing a typical recent winter for this Edinburgh location.
This study highlights the benefits of having detailed temperature measurements when assessing the winter-protective capabilities of a particular micro—environment for a semi-hardy species such as D. antarctica.
Perilaku Komunikasi Petani Dalam Mencari Informasi dan Tingkat Adopsi Inovasi Budidaya Padi Organik (Kasus Petani Padi Organik di Desa Pajaresuk dan Desa Pujodadi Kabupaten Pringsewu)
Authors: Suwito Suci Anti , Syarief Yuniar Aviati , Hasanuddin Tubagus 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan.untuk.mengetahui perilaku komunikasi petani.dalam.mencari informasi budidaya padi organik .di Desa .Pajaresuk .dan .Desa .Pujodadi .Kabupaten Pringsewu, .mengetahui .tingkat .adopsi inovasi .padi organik .di .Desa Pajaresuk .dan .Desa Pujodadi, .mengetahui .hubungan .antara .karakter petani terhadap .tingkat adopsi inovasi budidaya padi .organik ,serta .mengetahui .hubungan .antara .perilaku komunikasi .petani dalam mencari informasi .budidaya .padi organik dengan tingkat adopsi.adopsi inovasi budidaya padi.organik. Penelitian.ini dilakukan.secara.sengaja .(purposive). Pengambilan data dilaksanakan dari .bulan Agustus .2019 dengan menggunakan metode sensus Populasi pada penelitian ini terdiri .dari petani .padi .organik di Pajaresuk sebanyak .8 petani responden dan .Pujodadi .Kabupaten Pringsewu sebanyak 9 responden..Menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif .dan .deskriptif kuantitatif, Uji .statistika yang digunakan .dalam penelitian .ini digunakan .uji korelasi berjenjang Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel .yang .berhubungan .dengan tingkat adopsi .inovasi budidaya padi organic adalah variabel sifat inovasi.(X7) dan variabel perilaku komunikasi (Y2).
Optimalisasi Produksi Usahatani Sayuran Hidroponik Usaha Hydro Garden Padang
Authors: Winda Gusma , Mutiara Vonny Indah , Sari Rina 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketersediaan faktor produksi dan optimalisaasi produksi pada usaha sayuran hidroponik di Hydro Garden Padang. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi kasus, dengan respondennya adalah pemilik usaha dan tenaga kerja yang dijadikan sebagai informan kunci. Analisis data menggunakan model program linear dengan bantuan program komputer LINDO (Linier Interactive Descrete Optimizer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Hydro Garden Padang membudidayakan lima jenis sayuran yaitu pakcoy, basil, kailan, romain dan arugula. Input-input produksi yang digunakan dalam kegiatan produksi digolongkan menjadi dua. Input produksi tetap yang digunakan memiliki umur ekonomi 5 tahun sampai 10 tahun. Sedangkan input produksi variabel tidak terdapat permasalahan dalam hal ketersediaannya sehingga proses produksi dapat berjalan dengan lancar. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan yang diperoleh pada kondisi optimal yaitu sebesar Rp 6.358.493 dengan memproduksi pakcoy sebanyak 52,5 kg, kailan sebanyak 19 kg, romain sebanyak 178,125 kg dan arugula sebanyak 95 kg. Hasil analisis dual menunjukkan bahwa yang termasuk kendala sumberdaya terbatas adalah lahan, benih basil, benih romain, dan benih arugula. Jika terjadi kenaikan ketersediaan sumberdaya tersebut sebesar satu satuan maka akan meningkatkan keuntungan sebesar nilai dual pricenya. Analisis sensitivitas terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu analisis sensitivitas koefisien fungsi tujuan dan analisis sensitivitas nilai ruas kanan kendala. Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan nilai peningkatan maksimum dan nilai penurunan maksimum yang masih diperbolehkan agar hasil kondisi optimal tidak mengalami perubahan.
Coupling Miniaturized Free-Flow Electrophoresis to Mass Spectrometry via a Multi-Emitter ESI Interface
Authors: Jender Matthias , Höving Stefan , Novo Pedro , Freier Erik , Janasek Dirk 
Published: December 2020

We present a novel multi-emitter electrospray ionization interface for the coupling of microfluidicfree-flow electrophoresis (μFFE) with mass spectrometry. 15 sample streams coming from 15 μFFE outlets were continuously analyzed in quick succession to monitor the electrophoreticseparation in the microchip.
Programa Inform´ática e Educação
Authors: Aparecido Cordão Francisco , Novelino Barato Jarbas , Seabra Carlos , Soffner Rosemary , Ramalho Luciano , Moraes Fonseca Júnior Fernando 
Published: December 2020

O Programa Informática e Educação (PIE), desenvolvido pelo Senac em São Paulo entre 1986 e 1996, marcou época, reconhecido pela excelente qualidade, e tem conquistas presentes até hoje em dia. Em meados de 1980, o Senac-SP estava redesenhando seus caminhos e questionando a si mesmo sobre como seria a educação do futuro. Nesse contexto, a Gerência de Educação Profissional foi quem assumiu o projeto. Muitas pessoas contribuíram para a construção do PIE, aliás, essa é uma das características que marcaram esse grupo: o espírito de colaboração. Por isso esta entrevista coletiva, revelando um pouco de nossa dinâmica. Vamos então conhecer os personagens dessa história altamente inovadora.
DETERMINANT ANALYSIS RISK FACTORS INCIDENCE OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AT PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Alexander Yuliana, Melyani, 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Pregnant women were susceptible exposed to Hepatitis B Virus infection due to a decrease activity of Sel T in the immune system. The prevalence of Hepatitis B infection in West borneo (2,53%) was higher than the prevalence in Indonesia (1,9%). HBV infection during pregnancy was caused of vertical transmission from mother to child by uteroplacental circulation with HBsAG and DNA of (HBV) as a medium. The purpose of this research is analyze the determines the risk factors of the incidence Hepatitis B virus infection among pregnancy women in Sungai Durian health center years 2018-2020. The type of research used was case control. The population in this research was 133 as a case, 532 not infected women as a control group was done by simple random sampling. The research instrument uses a check list sheet. Prevalence of Hepatitis B in pregnancy by 2.57%. Related variabels with HBV such as age, parity, size of LILA, anemia and environment with p value < 0,05. Age was dominant variable with Odds Ratio 1.608 caused at risk of becoming infected with HBV through saliva and sperm during sexual intercourse, decreased immunity and medical action which can be an entry point for HBV.
Keywords : Hepatitis B, infection, risk factor, pregnancy women
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN B.ED COLLEGE
Authors: Sivaramakrishan Priti 
Published: December 2020

The aim of the present study was to investigate the perception of B.Ed student teachers towards Total Quality Management (TQM) in Teacher Training Colleges. The study aims to evaluate how well the college functions in the transaction of imparting the teaching learning process. The study was conducted on 68 B.Ed student teachers from one of the teacher training colleges of Mumbai University. The data was analyzed using percent mean method. The results of the study showed that most of the dimensions of quality control ranged between 60% to 75% which suggests that the said college has room for improvement on its services.
Utilización de stent autoexpandible en canino con colapso traqueal
Authors: López M. L. , Saravia E. D. , Lockett M. B. 
Published: December 2020

El colapso traqueal canino se presenta principalmente en razas pequeñas, entre los 5 y 9 años, pudiendo manifestar dificultad respiratoria, tos seca crónica, estertores, disnea, cianosis e incluso síncope. El tratamiento quirúrgico está indicado en pacientes que no responden a la medicación y presentan un grado de colapso avanzado (disminución de la luz traqueal del 50% o más) y cuando tal disfunción ocurre en la porción intratorácica. La técnica utilizada en este caso fue la menos invasiva y de elección para pacientes de alto riesgo, consistente en la colocación de una endoprótesis autoexpandible en la luz traqueal. En el paciente Shitzu, de 14 años, 9 kg de peso, con colapso traqueal grado 5, se realizó videoendoscopía y radiografías digitalizadas para determinar la longitud y diámetro del stent apropiado. Se utilizó un stent metálico de platinol autoexpandible de 10 mm de diámetro por 100 mm de longitud. La recuperación anestésica fue rápida y tranquila, pudiendo retirarse el tubo endotraqueal al cabo de 5 minutos sin que se presentaran contratiempos. La mejoría respiratoria, luego de la finalización del procedimiento, fue inmediata y sin complicaciones.
Measures, Distribution and Decomposition of Poverty: An Empirical Analysis in Nepal
Authors: Uprety Pravat 
Published: December 2020

Background: Poverty has been in existence for many years and continues to exist in a large number of countries. Poverty is “pronounced in wellbeing” where wellbeing (and poverty) in broader term, focuses on the capability of the individual to function in society and poor people often lack key capabilities, they may have not adequate income, education, or be in poor health or feel powerless or lack of political freedoms. In Nepal, despite the decreasing trend in poverty incidence, still the current prevalence is very high with the comparison of other countries.
Objective: To identify, compare and decomposition of different poverty measures by rural urban area and ecological belt in Nepal.
Materials and Methods: Data set of Nepal Living Standard Survey (NLSS) conducted by Central Bureau of Statistics in 2011 consisting of various variables related to food, non-food consumption, income, demographic, socioeconomics, etc., have been used for analysis. In order to measure the poverty, different measures such as head count ratio, poverty gap, poverty severity, Watts index and Sen-Shorrocks-Thon index were used. The comparisons of different poverty measures across different variables were attempted including use of appropriate poverty curves. The decomposition of poverty indices by consumption components using the Shapley value along with Lump-Sum Targeting approach has been applied.
Results: Average per capita consumption is 34186.5, the head count index, poverty gap and poverty severity of Nepal are 0.2518, 0.0545 and 0.0182, respectively. The poverty measures of rural area are higher than the urban area, and the incidence of poverty is highest in mountain ecological belt. Food and non-food component allows to 46.39% & 28.42% of the total population to be non-poor of headcount index, 60.19% & 34.34% for poverty gap index and 59.96% & 38.20% for poverty severity, respectively.
Conclusion: For both within and overall population, rural area has the higher impact than urban area and each measure of poverty in mountain is significantly higher than hill and terai. To reduce within group headcount index and poverty gap, policymakers should give more focus to rural area and mountain region.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceived Level of Teaching Skills
Authors: Ramirez Iris April L. 
Published: December 2020

To enable pre-service teachers acquire certain teaching skills, well-planned educational programs and well-trained teachers are needed to implement them. Indeed, teacher education institutions hold a major responsibility in training qualified pre-service teachers, as it is essential for the welfare of a country and securing the quality of all educational levels from primary to tertiary education. To determine the level of teaching skills, a qualitative descriptive method was used with 96 pre-service teachers. The study adopted and modified a scale according to the needs of the study and validated by experts. The present study found that the pre-service teachers of Bukidnon State University (BukSU) generally are prepared for classroom work as revealed in the results of their internship in the laboratory school (which serves as the training ground where the education students of the University have their pre-service teaching) as well as during their off-campus experiences which consist of their roles as student interns and their ability to handle students’ participation. Qualitative research methods can be resorted in order to perform in-depth descriptive studies to investigate the differences in the teaching skills of pre-service teachers from different indicators.
Keywords: pre-service teachers, teaching, skills, teacher education, internship
Effect of two Computer Instructional Modes on Secondary School Students’ Achievement in Geography, in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Authors: Omoniyi Tayo , Nwosu Lucky Uzoma , Busuyi Fakokunde Jubril 
Published: December 2020

There is a growing concern about secondary school students’ poor performance in geography, a subject that is prerequisite for many professional pursuits. To enhance their performance in the subject, several strategies have been adopted. This study is an intervention, which investigated relative effects of computer instructional modes (computer graphics and animations computer) on secondary school students’ achievement in geography. The moderator variable was mental ability. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The pre-test, post-test control group quasi-experimental design, involving 3x2 factorial matrix was adopted for the study. One hundred and four senior secondary two geography students from three secondary schools in Lagos state constituted the sample for the study, which lasted for eight weeks. Two procedural instruments (computer graphics and animation instructional packages) and two measuring instruments, namely Geography Achievement Test r = 0.79, and Mental Ability Test r=0.88 were used. The data collected were analysed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The magnitude of the students’ post-test achievement scores was determined using Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA), while Scheffe post-hoc analysis was used to explain the direction and source of significant effects. Findings showed that there were significant main effects of instructional mode on the students’ achievement in geography (F (2, 91) = 14.414, p< 0.05). There was no significant interaction effect of treatment and mental ability on students’ achievement in geography. Consequently, it was recommended that the computer instructional modes be used alongside with conventional method in the teaching of geography.
Keywords: computer graphics, computer animation, instructional mode, achievement in geography, mental ability and geography
Diastematobulbia type II without associated dermoid tumor: case report
Authors: Moreno-Madueño Gloria , Rivero-Garvía Mónica , Tirado-Caballero Jorge , Márquez-Rivas Javier 
Published: December 2020

Split cord malformation (SCM) is a term used for all double spinal cords. It represents 3.8%–5% of spinal dysraphisms. Pang et al.’s embryological theory proposes the formation of an “accessory neurenteric canal” that communicates with the yolk sac and amnion. To the authors’ knowledge, only three cases of diastematobulbia (basicranial SCM) associated with a spur or dermoid have been reported in the literature.The case patient is a newborn girl with an occipitocervical meningocele and dermal sinus associated with an anomaly of notochordal development in the transition between the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord (diastematobulbia) without a bony septum or dermoid cyst. The patient also has agenesis of the atlas and an absence of corticospinal tract decussation. This patient underwent reconstruction of the occipital meningocele and dermal sinus excision.To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first described case of type II diastematobulbia (basicranial SCM), without a dermoid cyst. The authors analyzed the embryological errors present in the case patient and considered the option of further surgical treatment depending on the evolution of the patient’s condition. At the time of this report, the patient had shown normal psychomotor development. However, this fact may only be due to the patient’s young age. Considering that after initial untethering the patient remained clinically asymptomatic, conservative and close surveillance has been and continues to be the proposed treatment.