bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A three‐year field experiment of faba bean var. minor effects on soil health and production of pepper grown under conventional farming system
Authors: Aydi Ben Abdallah Rania , Chaieb Nadia , Abdelkrim Souhir , Jabnoun‐Khiareddine Hayfa , Daami‐Remadi Mejda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSoil management using natural‐based approaches is becoming essential to minimize the use of synthetic agrochemicals and to ensure sustainability and resiliency of agriculture production. In this study, faba bean (Vicia faba L.) var. minor was used during three consecutive cropping years as green manure to restore soil fertility and biology and to improve the growth, yield and fruit quality parameters of pepper cv. ‘Baklouti’. Following green manuring with faba bean, significant enhancements in the total nitrogen (N), the available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents, the soil organic carbon (SOC) and the soil organic matter (SOM) levels were recorded. The alkaline phosphatase activity was also increased by 30.04% after faba bean var. minor incorporation into the soil in the third year. The β‐glucosidase and urease activities were increased by 26.8%–34.03% and 47.01%–71.7% in faba bean‐amended soil during the three‐year trials. Green manuring also enriched soil with total cultivable bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens, actinobacteria, total fungi and Aspergillus spp. as compared to control soil. Pepper growth and yield parameters were improved by 16.5–33.7% and 27.5% following green manure amendment, respectively. Vitamin C content, total soluble solids (TSS) and titrable acidity of green and red pepper fruits were 39.1%–50.7% and 7.2%–13.4% higher in green manured soil than in control. The calcium, potassium and phosphorus contents were significantly 4.7%–9.6%, 16.4%–18.1% and 41.2%–42.9% higher in red fruits of pepper plants grown on green manured soil. The plant growth and yield parameters together with the fruit biochemical and mineral characteristics were positively linked to NPK soil levels, SOC, SOM and soil microbial population's density and activity. This study clearly demonstrated the efficiency of green manuring using faba bean var. minor residues as potential alternative to agrochemicals for the enhancement of soil health status and the improvement of pepper growth, yield and fruit nutritional quality.
The association between gonadectomy and timing of gonadectomy, and the risk of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Low Daniel , Costa Laura , Hawkesby James , Nardulli Ludovica , Proteasa Adelina , Vallios Vasileios 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if gonadectomy in dogs is associated with the risk of cranial cruciate ligament disease (CrCLD) and to quantify the magnitude of the association.Study designSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Sample populationComparative studies with gonadectomized and entire dogs, with CrCLD as an outcome measure.MethodsA systematic search of the primary and gray literature was performed. The effect size of the outcome measure was defined as the OR and 95% CI. Subgroup analysis was performed with sex, breed, and age at gonadectomy. A pooled OR (95% CI) was generated from meta‐analysis of relevant studies. Certainty in the body of evidence was rated with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework.ResultsThe literature search yielded 1398 results and 24 relevant studies were included for synthesis. Gonadectomized female (pooled OR = 2.293, 95% CI = 1.768–2.945) and male (pooled OR = 2.117, 95% CI = 1.665–2.691) dogs were both at increased odds of developing CrCLD in comparison with entire female and male dogs, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that gonadectomy at 1 year or less was consistently associated with an increase in odds of developing CrCLD in both sexes. Overall certainty in the evidence was rated as moderate. All included studies were observational and no controlled trials were available.ConclusionIn data with moderate certainty, gonadectomy is associated with increased odds of developing CrCLD in both sexes, particularly in dogs gonadectomized at 1 year of age or less.Clinical significanceThis study provides an estimate of the true effect size of gonadectomy on the odds of developing CrCLD, which may be useful for clinical decision making surrounding gonadectomy and the timing of gonadectomy.
Enhanced multistress tolerance of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
with the sugar transporter-like protein Stl1
F427L
mutation in the presence of glycerol
Authors: Liu Zixiong , Shangguan Lingling , Xu Linglong , Zhang Huiyan , Wang Wenxin , Yang Qiao , Zhang Xiaoling , Yao Lan , Yang Shihui , Chen Xiong , Dai Jun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

During microbial industrial production, microorganisms often face diverse stressors, including organic solvents, high salinity, and high sugar levels. Enhancing microorganism tolerance to such stresses is crucial for producing high-value-added products. Previous studies on the mechanisms of 2-phenylethanol (2-PE) tolerance in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
revealed a potential connection between the sugar transporter-like protein (Stl1) mutation (F427L) and increased tolerance to high sugar and salt stress, suggesting a broader role in multistress tolerance. Herein, we showed that the Stl1
F427L
mutant strain (STL) exhibits significantly improved multistress tolerance in the presence of glycerol. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that Stl1
F427L
may enhance glycerol molecular binding, resulting in a significant increase in the intracellular glycerol content of the mutant strain STL. Additionally, under multistress conditions, pyruvate and ergosterol levels and catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly increased in the mutant strain STL compared with the control strain 5D. This resulted in a notable increase in cell membrane toughness and a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. These findings highlight the mechanism by which Stl1
F427L
enhances
S. cerevisiae
tolerance to multistress. Importantly, they provide novel insights into and methodologies for improving the resilience of industrial microorganisms.

IMPORTANCE

Stl1
F427L
exhibits improved strain tolerance to multistress when adding glycerol, may enhance glycerol molecular binding, and can make a significant increase in intracellular glycerol content. It can reduce reactive oxygen species levels and increase ergosterol content. This paper provides novel insights and methods to get robust industrial microorganisms.
Assessing the acceptability to general practitioners of the French College of General Medicine’s recommendations on considering patients’ social situations: a Delphi study
Authors: Richard Bastien , Moussaoui Sohela , Bonello Kim , Skendi Mariela , Duguet Théo , Figoni Hugo , Ibanez Gladys 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDH) impact the health status of individuals around the world. General practitioners (GPs) can take into account the social situation of patients in their care practice. To this end, the College of General Medicine (CGM) issued recommendations in 2022 to propose 100 methods of action.ObjectiveTo assess the acceptability to GPs of the recommendations set out by the CGM to improve the consideration of the social situation of patients in consultations.DesignQuantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study, using the Delphi method.SettingThe data were collected through the administration of a questionnaire to GPs practising in France.ParticipantsParticipants were recruited by email from the academic network of Sorbonne University. The only criteria for inclusion were to be a GP from Sorbonne University and to complete the full questionnaire. 25 participants were included.InterventionsProposals were grouped into 24 themes. Participants had to rate the acceptability of these themes by rating their degree of relevance and degree of applicability on a Likert scale.Primary outcomeThe primary outcome was the acceptability by GPs of proposals to take into account the SDH. Acceptability was defined as relevance with a median greater than or equal to 7 and applicability with a median greater than or equal to 7, in the absence of disagreements.ResultsAfter 2 rounds, 12 themes were accepted: 5 addressed interventions at the individual level (eg, ‘understanding the context of patients’ lives and identifying social difficulties’), 4 addressed interventions at the organisational level (eg, ‘communication actions aimed at vulnerable patient populations’) and 3 addressed interventions at territorial level (municipality and national). Relevance was very good for all of them, with median responses ranging from 8 to 9 and with no disagreement. Applicability was more mixed, with 12 themes deemed applicable. Justifications were provided through participants’ comments. Proposals were made to improve the applicability.ConclusionThis study explored how SDH could be taken into account through the perspective of GPs in the context of the CGM’s recommendations. While all proposals were deemed relevant, some were not applicable. The findings emphasise the need for adaptations in the organisation of the practice, of care pathways and more generally, in the organisation of the health system. Those actions require the commitment of professionals and political actors.
Comprehensive spinal correction rehabilitation (CSCR) study: a randomised controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of CSCR in children with early-onset idiopathic scoliosis on spinal deformity, somatic appearance, functional status and quality of life in Shanghai, China
Authors: Li Yingxian , Li Xin , Fan Qimeng , Liang Juping , Zhang Tongtong , Chen Zhengquan , Guo Haibin , Cai Lili , Zhou Xuan , Du Qing 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPresently, the physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercise recommended by the International Scientific Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment guidelines is primarily advised for adolescents with scoliosis, and there is a lack of individualised and precise exercise therapy for children with early-onset idiopathic scoliosis (EOIS), whose bodies are in the nascent stages of development. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of comprehensive spinal correction rehabilitation in treating EOIS.Methods and analysisThis study will be designed as a randomised controlled trial, and the subjects participating in the study will consist of 122 EOIS patients between the ages of 7–10 years. Subjects will be randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=61) and a control group (n=61). Both groups will be treated for 6 months, with the experimental group receiving comprehensive spinal correction rehabilitation (including specific exercise therapy, balance and stability training, breathing training, strength training, home-based exercise and bracing) and the control group receiving core stability training. Enrolled subjects will be evaluated at the initial visit and after 6 months of treatment, and data will be processed and analysed after collecting data from both evaluations. The primary outcome index is the major curvature Cobb angle, and the secondary outcome indices are the angle of trunk rotation, plumb line distance, the Trunk Aesthetic Clinical Evaluation index, forced vital capacity and the Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire.Ethics and disseminationThe current study received ethical approval from the Xinhua Hospital Ethics Committee Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (XHEC-C-2023-108-3). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants and their guardians. Any interim analyses and full results will be published in an international peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberThe study protocol was registered at www. Clinical trials. gov (number identifier: ChiCTR2300078359).
Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in patients with gastric cancer: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Han Yihui , Yang Wenming , Meng Yang , Cai Zhaolun , Zhang Bo 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe integration of chemotherapy and immunotherapy is continually making new advances in the field of gastric cancer treatment and has already become the new standard of care for the disease. However, few systematic reviews cover a wide array of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), antibody types and therapeutic modalities (perioperative or systemic) in this domain. Our aim is to incorporate the most recent clinical studies on combination therapy for the treatment of gastric cancer into a systematic review. This will comprehensively assess the benefits and drawbacks for patients with gastric cancer and will guide future research in this area. Ultimately, this will provide evidence-based support for patients with gastric cancer.Methods and analysisThis protocol for a systematic review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis – Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. We will conduct a search of the MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases from database inception, all retrieved literature will be screened by two authors in two rounds. Inclusion criteria will be randomised clinical trials, reported in English, that compare immunotherapy-combined therapy with chemotherapy alone in the perioperative and systematic first-line treatment of gastric cancer. The primary outcomes will be progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes will include objective response rate (ORR), event-free survival (EFS), disease-free survival (DFS), pathologic complete response (pCR), major pathologic response (MPR), and the R0 resection rate. Heterogeneity and publication bias of included literature will be investigated. Where included literatures allow, we will conduct meta-analyses and subgroup analyses to further refine the pros and cons of combined therapy, providing evidence-based foundations for subsequent research.Ethics and disseminationThis work is a review based on existing literature and no ethical review is required. Dissemination of the results will occur via academic journal publication, conference presentations, and multiple media platforms.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023477353.
Can SGLT-2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes and ensure safety for patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure in Thailand? A real-world multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kongmalai Tanawan , Tansawet Amarit , Pattanaprateep Oraluck , Ratanatharathorn Cholatid , Amornritvanich Porntep , Looareesuwan Panu , Boonwatcharapai Burin , Khunakorncharatphong Anon , Nimitphong Hataikarn , Srinonprasert Varalak , Thakkinstian Ammarin 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
To assess the real-world effectiveness and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and heart failure (HF) and to evaluate the associated risks of adverse events.

Design
A retrospective cohort study using propensity score analysis to control confounding variables.

Setting
Data were collected from the electronic health records of two large tertiary care hospitals in Thailand over a 12-year period (2010–2022).

Participants
Adults aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of T2D and HF were included in the study. Patients who received SGLT2i for a minimum of 3 months were compared with those in a non-SGLT2i group. Participants with a diagnosis of HF that preceded their diagnosis of T2D were excluded from the analysis.

Primary and secondary outcome measures
The primary outcome was heart failure hospitalisation (HFH). Secondary outcomes included non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause mortality and adverse events (urinary tract infections, hypoglycaemia and acute kidney injury).

Results
A total of 11 758 patients were included in the study, with a median follow-up of 2.44 (IQR: 0.72–5.02) years. After applying inverse probability of treatment weighting, covariates were balanced, ensuring the validity of the treatment effect model’s assumptions. SGLT2i use was associated with a 59% reduction in HFH (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.61), a 54% reduction in stroke (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.63), a 51% reduction in MI (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.67) and a 76% reduction in in-hospital all-cause mortality (HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.42). Additionally, SGLT2i use was associated with fewer adverse events, including lower rates of urinary tract infections and hypoglycaemia, compared with the non-SGLT2i group.

Conclusions
SGLT2i significantly improved cardiovascular outcomes in patients with T2D and HF in a real-world clinical setting. These findings support the incorporation of SGLT2i in the management of high-risk patients with T2D and HF. Further research is warranted to explore long-term outcomes and barriers to SGLT2i prescription in routine practice.
Spatial patterns and MRI-based radiomic prediction of high peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structure density in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study
Authors: Long Shichao , Li Mengsi , Chen Juan , Zhong Linhui , Abudulimu Aerzuguli , Zhou Lan , Liu Wenguang , Pan Deng , Dai Ganmian , Fu Kai , Chen Xiong , Pei Yigang , Li Wenzheng 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundTertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) within the tumor microenvironment have been associated with cancer prognosis and therapeutic response. However, the immunological pattern of a high peritumoral TLS (pTLS) density and its clinical potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poor. This study aimed to elucidate biological differences related to pTLS density and develop a radiomic classifier for predicting pTLS density in HCC, offering new insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.MethodsSpatial transcriptomics (n=4) and RNA sequencing data (n=952) were used to identify critical regulators of pTLS density and evaluate their prognostic significance in HCC. Baseline MRI images from 660 patients with HCC who had undergone surgery treatment between October 2015 and January 2023 were retrospectively recruited for model development and validation. This included training (n=307) and temporal validation (n=76) cohorts from Xiangya Hospital, and external validation cohorts from three independent hospitals (n=277). Radiomic features were extracted from intratumoral and peritumoral regions of interest and analyzed using machine learning algorithms to develop a predictive classifier. The classifier’s performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), with prognostic and predictive value assessed across four independent cohorts and in a dual-center outcome cohort of 41 patients who received immunotherapy.ResultsPatients with HCC and a high pTLS density experienced prolonged median overall survival (p<0.05) and favorable immunotherapy response (p=0.03). Moreover, immune infiltration by mature B cells was observed in the high pTLS density region. Spatial pseudotime analysis and immunohistochemistry staining revealed that expansion of pTLS in HCC was associated with elevated CXCL9 and CXCL10 co-expression. We developed an optimal radiomic-based classifier with excellent discrimination for predicting pTLS density, achieving an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.87, 0.94) in the external validation cohort. This classifier also exhibited promising stratification ability in terms of overall survival (p<0.01), relapse-free survival (p<0.05), and immunotherapy response (p<0.05).ConclusionWe identified key regulators of pTLS density in patients with HCC and proposed a non-invasive radiomic classifier capable of assisting in stratification for prognosis and treatment.
Efficacy of initial combination with belimumab in newly diagnosed childhood-onset lupus nephritis: a single-centre historical control study
Authors: Gong Yinv , Liu Shuhua , Liu Haimei , Shi Yu , Li Yifan , Guan Wanzhen , Zeng Qiaoqian , Lv Qianying , Zhang Xiaomei , Wei Qijiao , Chen Jing , Shen Qian , Xu Hong , Sun Li 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of initial treatment of newly diagnosed childhood-onset lupus nephritis (cLN) with combination of belimumab and either cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus or multitargeted therapy.MethodsA historical control study was conducted on children aged 5–17 years with newly diagnosed cLN. All patients recruited met the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics and/or 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE, and the 2003 International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society histopathological criteria for LN. The primary endpoint was primary efficacy renal response (PERR) at 12 months, and secondary endpoints included complete renal response (CRR), lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) and remission (Definitions of Remission in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (DORIS)) at 12 months, changes of SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and dose of glucocorticoid (GC).ResultsA total of 101 patients were included with 38 patients in the belimumab group and 63 patients in the standard immunotherapy group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups at baseline. At 12 months, compared with the standard immunotherapy group, more patients in the belimumab group had a higher PERR (97.1% vs 80.0%, χ2=3.965, p=0.046), CRR (94.1% vs 76.6%, χ2=4.679, p=0.031), LLDAS (75.0% vs 18.6%, χ2=27.84, p<0.001) and DORIS (34.4% vs 11.9%, χ2=6.626, p=0.01). The belimumab group had faster and greater reductions in SLEDAI and dose of GC (p<0.05), with a significantly higher proportion of patients with dose of GC ≤7.5 mg/day (82.9% vs 30.4%, χ2=19.737, p<0.001). In the standard immunotherapy group, 4 patients (6.3%) experienced a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate of 30% or more at 12 months, while no patients in the belimumab group experienced worsening of renal function. There were no serious adverse events reported in two groups, and there was no significant difference in the occurrence of infection between the two groups.ConclusionThis study reported for the first time the effectiveness of combined belimumab therapy in a Chinese cohort of patients with cLN. The strategy of initial combination with belimumab helps achieve treatment targets earlier and faster GC tapering. And initial combination therapy in children with cLN with high disease activity may yield more significant benefits.