bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wip1 regulates Smad4 phosphorylation and inhibits TGF‐β signaling
Authors: Park Dong‐Seok , Yoon Gang‐Ho , Kim Eun‐Young , Lee Taehyeong , Kim Kyuhee , Lee Peter CW , Chang Eun‐Ju , Choi Sun‐Cheol 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe tumor suppressor Smad4, a key mediator of the TGF‐β/BMP pathways, is essential for development and tissue homeostasis. Phosphorylation of Smad4 in its linker region catalyzed by the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a pivotal role in regulating its transcriptional activity and stability. In contrast, roles of Smad4 dephosphorylation as a control mechanism of TGF‐β/BMP signaling and the phosphatases responsible for its dephosphorylation remain so far elusive. Here, we identify Wip1 as a Smad4 phosphatase. Wip1 selectively binds and dephosphorylates Smad4 at Thr277, a key MAPK phosphorylation site, thereby regulating its nuclear accumulation and half‐life. In Xenopus embryos, Wip1 limits mesoderm formation and favors neural induction by inhibiting TGF‐β/BMP signals. Wip1 restrains TGF‐β‐induced growth arrest, migration, and invasion in human cells and enhances the tumorigenicity of cancer cells by repressing the antimitogenic activity of Smad4. We propose that Wip1‐dependent dephosphorylation of Smad4 is critical for the regulation of TGF‐β signaling.
Territorio y territorialidad: Teorías en confluencia y refutación
Authors: Herrera Montero Luis Alberto , Herrera Montero Lucía 
Published: February 2020

En Ecuador, las temáticas relativas a territorio y territorialidad constituyen, en los actuales momentos, importantes ejes de interés teórico y sociopolítico. No obstante, y a pesar de ser un asunto prioritario en la gestión y administración de proyectos de índole institucional, su relevancia en los ámbitos filosóficos y socio-antropológicos no ha sido suficientemente considerada. Diversas instancias de gobierno y organismos no gubernamentales (ONGs) llevan más de dos décadas trabajando en torno al ordenamiento territorial. En cambio, la reflexión teórica, de utilidad científica, es incipiente y está apenas en sus primeras fases de desarrollo. En tal contexto, el objetivo del presente artículo es explorar contribuciones teóricas y enfoques epistémicos, utilizando para ello metodologías hermenéuticas, de pensamiento relacional y de reflexividad. Los contenidos expuestos como resultados dan cuenta de confluencias y discrepancias entre teorías que tienen mayor relevancia epistemológica en materia social: el marxismo, el posestructuralismo y las teorías de la complejidad sistémica. En calidad de conclusión se puede sostener que mientras el territorio es principalmente estructural, la territorialidad refiere a procesos de transformación societal, de metamorfosis y sintonía socio-natural.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Sains untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Zurqoni Zurqoni , Hariyanie Ida 
Published: February 2020

This research is a type of research and development. The development model used through the adaptation results from the Borg and Gall models. In this study carried out only with 8 stages: 1) Potential and Problems; 2) Information Collection; 3) Product Design; 4) Design Validation; 5) Design Revision; 6) Product Testing; 7) Product Revision; and 8) Usage Tests. The stages carried out in this study are: Phase 1, namely the potential and problems carried out with the aim of finding out the problems in the field about learning models that can improve six aspects of early childhood development. This stage was carried out in six PAUD institutions with observation, interview and documentation methods. Stage 2 is gathering information/data, taken from three sources, namely learning implementation plans (RPP), teaching teachers, and students in six PAUD 5-6 year age groups. Stage 3 is product design, namely developing an existing learning model into a science-based learning model. The purpose of developing this learning model is to improve six aspects of early childhood development. The basis of the development of this science-based learning model is the curriculum 2013, several references from science learning books, learning material taken from daily activities of students, and traditional games that are easily played by early childhood. The observation results from the teacher as a user based on the questionnaire are as follows: 1) PAUD Mutiara Ilmu Samarinda received an average of 4.2 with the category "Good"; 2) PAUD Palapa Samarinda gets an average of 5.0 with the category "Very Good"; 3) RA An Nur Al Ikhlas Kutai Kertanegara received an average of 4.2 with the category "Good"; 4) PAUD Media Sandika Balikpapan gets an average of 5.0 with the category "Very Good"; 5) PAUDBalikpapan Anggrek I received an average of 4.6 with the category "Very Good"; 6) Anggrek II ECD gets an average of 4.5 in the category of "Very Good". So that the observations from the teacher as a user based on the questionnaire as a whole got an average of 4.6 with the category "Very Good". Based on all of the above descriptions, the results of student and teacher testing as instructors are known to be effective science-based learning models used to improve six aspects of early childhood development.
Mechanism of Water Flooding in the Presence of Free Gas
Authors: Kyte J.R. , Stanclift R.J. , Stephan S.C. , Rapoport L.A. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 207, 1956, pages 215–221.

Abstract
Experimental studies covering a wide range of core materials and fluid properties have been conducted to determine the mechanism of oil displacement by water in a partially gas-saturated porous medium. In all instances, the presence of a gas phase was found to have a beneficial effect in reducing residual oil saturations. The practical significance of this benefit is discussed, and a simplified procedure is outlined for evaluating the effects of free gas on water flooding by means of short core tests.

Introduction
In addition to oil and water, reservoirs subjected to water flooding frequently contain, also, a gas phase. Common engineering procedures account for the presence of this "free gas" only from the viewpoint of volumetric balance, implying that the only role of the gas consists of providing "fill up" space. It is usually visualized that during the initial stages of the water invasion, the oil, moving ahead of the water, displaces part of the gas and that subsequently the remaining portion of the gas phase is totally compressed and dissolved in the advancing oil bank. Thus, consideration of a two-phase, water-oil flooding mechanism supplies an adequate basis for predictions of oil recovery if the pressure build-up caused by the flood is sufficiently great, so as to reduce the free gas saturation to a negligible value in any portion of the reservoir by the time that portion is reached by the advancing flood water. In many in stances, however, waterflooding operations are carried out when the reservoir pressure is still relatively high so that the pressure build-up associated with the water flood may not result in complete dissipation of the gas phase. Under such circumstances it is necessary to ascertain whether or not the presence of free gas has an effect on waterflood behavior and, if so, to account for any such effect in the evaluation of field operations.
Estimation of Primary Oil Reserves
Authors: Arps J.J. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 207, 1956, pages 182–191.

Abstract
This paper reviews the methods currently in use for estimating primary oil reserves and discusses the principles on which these methods are based. Particular emphasis is placed on how these methods change with the type of information available during the life cycle of an oil property. This paper contains various novel estimating methods and shortcuts heretofore unpublished.

Introduction
Estimating oil reserves is one of the most important phases of the work of a petroleum engineer since the solutions to the problems he deals with usually depend on a comparison of the estimated cost in terms of dollars, with the anticipated result in terms of barrels of oil. His recommendations to management regarding the best course of action are therefore normally based on the most favorable balance between these two.
Specific engineering problems which require such a knowledge of recoverable oil reserves and a projection of future rates are:the exploitation and development of an oil reservoir;the construction of gasoline plants, pipelines and refineries;the division of ownership in unitized projects;the price to be paid in case of a sale or purchase of an oil property, and the magnitude of the loan which it will support;the proper depreciation rate for the investment in oil properties; andevaluation of the results of an exploration program.
This discussion will be confined to the various methods and tools which are currently in use for estimating oil reserves to be obtained during the primary phase of an oil-producing reservoir and for a projection of the future production rates. Reserves which may be obtained by secondary recovery methods or fluid injection programs and gas and gas condensate reserves will not be discussed in this paper.
Spastin Interacts with CRMP5 to Promote Spindle Organization of Mouse Oocytes by Severing Microtubules.
Authors: Shou Hua-Feng , Gao Lei-lei , Jin Zhen , Liu Jin-Wei , Jiang Shan-Shan , Shen Yan , Cheng Wei-Ye 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background ： Microtubule-severing protein (MTSP) is highly critical for the survival of both mitotic and post-mitotic cells.However, the study of MTSP in the meiosis of mammalian oocyte has not been reported. Results ：We found that spastin, a member of the MTSP family, was highly expressed in oocyte and aggregated in spindle microtubules. After knocking down spastin by specific siRNA, the spindle microtubule density of meiotic oocyte decreased significantly. When the oocyte was cultured in vitro, the oocyte lacking spastin showed obvious maturation obstacles. Combining with the microtubule severing activity of spastin, we speculate that spastin on spindle may increase the microtubule broken ends by severing microtubules, thus playing a nucleating role, promoting spindle assembly and ensuring normal meiosis. In addition, we found that there was co-localization and interaction between CRMP5 and spastin in oocyte. The knockdown of CRMP5 may also lead to spindle abnormalities and developmental disorders in oocyte. Overexpression of spastin may save the abnormal phenotype caused by deletion of CRMP5. Conclusions ：To sum up, our data support a model in which the interaction between spastin and CRMP5 promotes the assembly of spindle microtubules in oocyte by controlling microtubule dynamics, thus ensuring normal meiosis.
Therapeutic effect of TO901317 on 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson rats in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Yang Junqing , Cheng Oumei , Peng Zhe , Luo Yin , Ran Dongzhi , Yang Yang , Xiang Pu , Huang Haifeng , Tan Xiaodan , Wang Hong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Stem cells from different sources could differentiate into dopamine-producing cells and ameliorate behavioral deficits in Parkinsonian models. Especially, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have many advantages without ethical dispute. Liver X receptor s (LXRs) are involved in the maintenance of the normal function of the central nervous system myelin. We have reported the induction of cocktail-induced da phenotypes from adult rat BMSCs by using sonic hedgehog (SHH), fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and TO901317 (agonist of LXRs) with 87.42% of efficiency in 6 days of period of induction. But the previous work did not verify whether the induced cells had the corresponding neural function. Methods: In this study, we demonstrated that TO901317 could promote the differentiation of hBMSCs into dopaminergic neurons. Neuronal markers (Tuj1, Neun and Nestin), dopamine neuron markers (tyrosine hydroxylase, TH), LXRa and LXRb were detected by immunofluorescence. RT-qPCR was used to measure the mRNA expressions of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). Western Blotting detected the changes of LXRa, LXRb and TH expression. Results: TO901317 significantly enhanced the differentiation from hBMSCs to DA neurons. Only the LXR+GF group released dopamine by the result of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared with the control group and GF group, the optimal time for differentiation of hBMSCs treated by 0.5mM TO901317 combined with GF was six days. And the maximum induction efficiency was 91.67%. After transplanting induced-cells into Parkinson's disease rats, the symptoms of Parkinson's rats decreased, and the number of dopamine neurons increased in the substantia nigra and striatum. Conclusions: TO901317 promoted differentiation of hBMSCs into dopamine neurons may be related to activation of LXR-ABCA1 signaling pathway. These data suggest that TO901317 may serve as a potential therapeutic methods for Parkinson's disease.
Evaluation of the risk factors of radio-dermatitis after breast-conserving surgery
Authors: PENG Xin , REN YI , HE Qin , XIONG Lijuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The morbidity of breast cancer has been ranked first among female cancers worldwide and increased by 2% each year in these ten years [1]. Although China as a country with a relatively low incidence of breast cancer compares to other countries, the rapid growth rate of breast cancer is still worth noticing [2]. Method A total of 521 patients with breast cancer diagnosed in the Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and underwent breast conserving surgery (lumpectomy plus local radiotherapy) were selected, to investigate demographic data, disease data, treatment data and behavior data. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression method to analyze the risk factors of RD after radiotherapy. Results The variable factors of age ≤40 years old, whiter skin, treatment time in summer, BMI≥25, local thermal therapy, sun exposure, skin scratching and bra wearing are the risk factors of radio-dermatitis, while the affected limb akimbo in daytime and elevating the affected limb in sleep are the protective factors of radio-dermatitis. Conclusion This study aims to observe the situation of post-radiotherapy RD after breast-conserving surgery in patients with breast cancer, analyze the risk factors related to patients and treatment, and provide the relevant clinical basis for reducing and preventing the occurrence of RD after breast-conserving surgery.
Quality of Community-based Care Services in Korea
Authors: Yoon Kichan , Lee Insoo , Lee Youn-Tae , LEE MUNJAE 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Aging societies are increasing the need for care services. In order to solve the problem of care, we suggest community care, and through this, we will provide medical services that meet individual needs. Korea provides care services in advance of the community care project and implements quality control to improve the quality of these social services. Therefore, this study aims is to intend to compare and analyze the factors affecting user satisfaction in care services in both 2013 and 2016. Methods We used quantified secondary data based on social services performed analysis reports. Based on the evaluation indexes for care service in 2013 and 2016, we used commonly used indexes for analysis. Results As a result, there was a difference between care services quality evaluation (QE) indexes by profit type, and care services evaluation indexes had an effect on user satisfaction. In addition, the change rate in the care service evaluation scores affects the change rate in user satisfaction Conclusions Therefore, in order to increase satisfaction with care service, evaluation indexes by service type should be diversified and differentiated. In addition, it should be composed of field evaluations related to user satisfaction to provide care services appropriate for local characteristics.
Clinical efficacy analysis of the new PRUNUS spine plate system for anterior cervical spine surgery
Authors: Zhao Xiao-feng , Lu Xiang-dong , Zhao Yi-bo , Qi De-tai , Wang Wen-xuan , Zhou Run-tian , Jin Yuan-zhang , Wang Xiao-nan , Zhao Bin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND To observed and evaluated the clinical efficacy of a new type cervical anterior screw plate system development for anterior cervical surgery. Methods 27 patients with cervical spine disease treated with new PRUNUS nail plate internal fixation were selected as observation group, and 29 patients treated with conventional cervical anterior screw fixation were selected as the control group. Cervical stability, internal fixation position and bone graft fusion were evaluated according to imaging data. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, cervical Cobb angle, VAS scores, and JOA scores were compared between the two groups. Spinal function scores and neurological improvement rates were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the new PRUNUS spine plate. Results There were statistical differences in operation time and blood loss between the two groups (P<0.05). The difference in Cobb angle, JOA score and improvement rate, VAS score before and after surgery in two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05), but no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The new PRUNUS spine plate system can be applied to the anterior cervical spine surgery, and its clinical efficacy was similar to the traditional cervical anterior plate. But PRUNUS simplified the operation process, especially for the osteoporosis patients.
Preclinical Study of the Antidiabetic Effect of Traganum nudatum in Diabetic Rats
Authors: El-Ouady Fadwa , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: February 2020

Aims:The aim of the study was to study the antidiabetic effect of Traganum nudatum in an animal model of diabetes.Background:Traganum nudatum (T. nudatum) is a medicinal plant widely used in folk medicine by the Moroccan population to treat various diseases including diabetes.Objective:The objective of the study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and hypoglycemic of the aqueous Traganum nudatum extract in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods:Normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated orally by the extract of Traganum nudatum (T. nudatum) at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The blood glucose levels were determined for 6 hours and 15 days during this treatment. The oral glucose tolerance and phytochemical tests and the analysis of histopathological changes of the liver were performed. The antioxidant activity of aqueous T. nudatum extract was also assessed using the method of trapping of free radical 2,2- diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).Results:T. nudatum Aerial Part Aqueous Extract (TNAPAE) reduced the blood glucose levels in both normal and diabetic rats. The results demonstrated that TNAPAE treatment exhibited a significant hypoglycemic effect without altering the body weight. In addition, a noticeable influence on glucose tolerance was also observed after TNAPAE treatment. Moreover, TNAPAE was able to exhibit a beneficial effect on the histological structure of the liver. Finally, a potential antioxidant effect has been shown in vitro.Conclusion:In conclusion, this study demonstrates the antihyperglycemic and hypoglycemic effects of T. nudatum in rats supporting its traditional use for the management of diabetes.
The Effects of Curcuma longa and its Derivative Curcumin on Aspergillus Infections: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cheraghipour Kourosh , Marzban Abdolrazagh , Shakib Pegah , Sheikhian Ali , Malekara Vahid , Koshki Javad , Mahmmodvand Hossien 
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose:
Curcuma longa L. is one of the most important medicinal
plants used in traditional medicine. Its main compound, curcumin, has been widely reported for its
biological properties. Here, we performed a systematic review of the effects of C. longa L. and its
derivative curcumin on Aspergillus infections. Although some limitations in this systematic review
study have been identified such as (i) the number of studies evaluating the efficacy of turmeric and
its derivatives, such as curcumin, in fungal diseases such as Aspergillus is very small, and further
in vitro and in vivo studies should be performed to better evaluate the efficacy of the plant; (ii)
studies of the effects of turmeric and curcumin in different countries; (iii) the duration of treatment
for in vivo studies was 2 to 12 weeks, so longer treatment intervals and longer duration are needed
to better evaluate the treatment.

Materials and Methods:
In this review article, antifungal effects of C. longa and its derivative curcumin
on the different strains of Aspergillus are discussed. The study data were obtained from various
databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar, which
were published by December 2019. The main criterion for entering data into the survey data was
access to the English abstract at the search stage. The keywords used in the search included C. longa,
curcumin, antifungal effect and Aspergillus. Of the 2,500 studies in the initial search, only 15
qualified for study inclusion, among which 9 (60%) were performed on the effect of curcumin
against Aspergillus spp. The other 6 studies (40%) had focused on the antifungal effect of C. longa.
Moreover, 9 studies (60%) were performed in vitro, 4 studies (27%) were performed in vivo and 2
studies (13%) were performed both in vivo and in vitro.

Results:
Studies have shown that C. longa has a significant effect on the development of the majority
of microorganisms. Its predominant metabolite, curcumin, plays a major role in the biological
activities of C. longa.

Conclusion:
Due to increased drug resistance, particularly antifungal, curcumin and its derivatives
may be an appropriate option for the treatment of aspergillosis infections.
Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Bhimkol (Musa balbisiana) Peel Extract as Biological Waste: Its Antibacterial Activity and Role of Ripen Stage of the Peel
Authors: Bag Subhendu S. , Bora Anupama , Golder Animes K. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Utilization of plant extracts and agricultural waste has a great
impact for the synthesis of AgNPs. Banana peels are such important agro waste which
attracted us to use for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The biochemicals present in
it have attracted us to use such banana peels.

Methods:
Thus, we report herein a cost-effective and environment-friendly synthesis of
silver nanoparticles using Bhimkal (Musa balbisiana) peel aqueous extract as biological
waste. About 5 g of freshly dried peels taken in 100 mL of water were shaken and heated
at 80°C for 1 hour. The filtrate from the resultant solution was stored at 4°C and used as
reducing as well as stabilizing agent for the preparation of AgNPs from AgNO3. We
monitored the formation of silver nanoparticles by various spectroscopic techniques.

Results:
All the particles are almost spherical in morphology and the diameter of the
mostly monodispersed AgNPs is in the range of 30-70 nm with an average size of 44.24
nm. Among the three stages of development (unripe, ripe, and blacken), we have found
the ripening stage as most efficient in the highest yielding of AgNPs because of
maximum presence of phenol containing biological macromolecules. The synthesized
AgNPs showed moderate antibacterial activity against both gram negative bacteria as
well as gram positive bacteria.

Conclusion:
The advantage of our biomimetic route to silver nanoparticles lies in the
fact that we utilize peels as biological waste material both for the generation and
stabilization of silver nanoparticles.