bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of PPAR-β/δ Attenuates Brain Injury by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis in a Collagenase-Induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mouse Model
Authors: Tang Xiangming , Yan Kunning , Wang Yingge , Wang Yaping , Chen Hongmei , Xu Jiang , Lu Yaoyao , Wang Xiaohong , Liang Jingyan , Zhang Xinjiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBrain injury has been proposed as the major cause of the poor outcomes associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Emerging evidence indicates that the nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPAR-β/δ), plays a crucial role in the pathological process of central nervous impairment. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effects of PPAR-β/δ activation using a selective PPAR-β/δ agonist, GW0742, against brain injury after ICH in a mouse model. ICH was induced by intravenous injection of collagenase into the right caudate putamen. To examine the protective effect of PPAR-β/δ activation against ICH-induced brain injury, mice were either intraperitoneally injected with GW0742 (3 mg/kg, body weight) or saline (control group) 30 min before inducing ICH. Behavioral dysfunction was evaluated 24 and 72 h after injury. Then, all mice were killed to assess hematoma volume, brain water content, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. TUNEL and Nissl staining were performed to quantify the brain injury. The expression of PPAR-β/δ, interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Bcl-2-related X-protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the perihematomal area was examined by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis. Mice treated with GW0742 showed significantly less severe behavioral deficits compared to the control group, accompanied by increased expression of PPAR-β/δ and Bcl-2, and increased expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and Bax decreased simultaneously in the GW0742-treated group. Furthermore, the GW0742-pretreated group showed significantly less brain edema and BBB leakage. Neuronal loss was attenuated, and the number of apoptotic neuronal cells in perihematomal tissues reduced, in the GW0742-pretreated group compared to the control group. However, the hematoma volume did not decrease significantly on day 3 after ICH. These results suggest that the activation of PPAR-β/δ exerts a neuroprotective effect on ICH-induced brain injury, possibly through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways.
Impact of an in-situ Cr(VI)-contaminated site remediation on the groundwater
Authors: Sedlazeck Klaus Philipp , Vollprecht Daniel , Müller Peter , Mischitz Robert , Gieré Reto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study presents the latest results of the groundwater monitoring of a research project, which tested an innovative pump and treat method in combination with an in-situ remediation. This technique was assessed on an abandoned site in Austria, where two hot spots of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) were located. For the in-situ remediation, a strong reducing agent (sodium dithionite) was injected into the underground to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by using different injection strategies. Throughout this treatment, part of the Cr(VI) is mobilized and not instantly reduced. To prevent a further spreading of the mobilized Cr(VI), the pump and treat method, which uses zero-valent iron to clean the groundwater, was installed downgradient of the hot spots. Based on the groundwater sample analyses, it was possible to distinguish different remediation phases, characterized by excess chromate and excess sulfite. During the excess sulfite conditions, Cr(VI) was successfully removed from the system, but after terminating the sodium dithionite injection, the Cr(VI) rebounded.
Supporting employers to enhance the return to work of cancer survivors: development of a web-based intervention (MiLES intervention)
Authors: Greidanus M. A. , de Boer A. G. E. M. , Tiedtke C. M. , Frings-Dresen M. H. W. , de Rijk A. E. , Tamminga S. J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop an intervention targeting employers, with the aim of enhancing cancer survivors’ return to work (RTW).

Methods
Intervention Mapping was used to combine information gathered from several procedures involving numerous stakeholders, for example, employers, cancer survivors, oncological occupational physicians, and e-health experts.

Results
Employers indicated that they require tailored support during four RTW phases: (1) disclosure, (2) treatment, (3) RTW planning, and (4) actual RTW. The most important employer actions were identified for each RTW phase, for instance, “communicate,” “support practically,” and “assess work ability,” and thereafter formulated as the performance objectives of the intervention. The trans-theoretical model of change was used as a theoretical framework, and several methodologies were employed to induce the desired behavior change, for example modeling, tailoring, and active learning. Subsequently, a web-based intervention with interactive videos, conversation checklists, links to reliable external sources, and succinct, tailored tips and information was developed and adjusted on the basis of pre-tests with different stakeholders.

Conclusions
The intervention was developed with input from employers and all relevant stakeholders in the RTW of cancer survivors. The systematic, step-wise development resulted in a succinct and easily accessible intervention targeting the most important employer actions during all RTW phases. As such, the intervention corresponds with employers’ needs and preferences in practice.

Implications for cancer survivors
By providing employers with support, the intervention could well be the missing link in efforts to optimize the work participation of cancer survivors.
Optimizing Treatment for Adults with HIV/AIDS in China: Successes over Two Decades and Remaining Challenges
Authors: Cao Wei , Hsieh Evelyn , Li Taisheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe introduction of the National Free Antiretroviral Therapy Program (NFATP) in 2003 by the China National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention has led to dramatic increases in antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage among HIV-infected Chinese patients. Despite limitations in the number of available free antiretroviral drugs, the overall mortality associated with HIV/AIDS has dropped from 39.3 per 100 person-years in 2002 to 3.1 in 2014. In this review, we summarize the challenges, responses, and achievements of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in China over the past 20 years.Recent FindingsContinuous optimization of the Chinese National Guidelines for HIV/AIDS Diagnosis and Treatment has been guided by data from serial domestic multi-center studies aimed at evaluating efficacy and toxicity of available ART regimens among Chinese patients with HIV, with the goal of maximizing adherence, access, and efficacy. In addition, increasing attention has been focused on the importance of continuity in the HIV care cascade to promote linkage to care, and address the multidisciplinary chronic care needs HIV/AIDS patients on lifelong ART.SummaryGreat progress has been achieved in the past 20 years in terms of access to and optimization of antiretroviral treatment in China. As the number of patients receiving long-term ART continues to grow, the focus of HIV/AIDS treatment has gradually transitioned from urgent care to the management of non-AIDS-related chronic complications and control of chronic inflammation.
Identification of Novel Pathogenic Sequence Variants of the Mismatch Repair Genes During Screening for Lynch Syndrome in a Single Centre of Eastern Hungary
Authors: Kóder Gergely , Olasz Judit , Tanyi Janos L. , George Erin , Tóth László , Antal-Szalmás Péter , Nagy Béla , Bubán Tamás , András Csilla , Urbancsek Hilda , Laczik Miklós , Csuka Orsolya , Damjanovich László , Tanyi Miklós 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionLynch syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, most frequent leading to colon cancer. Identification of patients with Lynch syndrome and screening of their family members are available prevention approach that can significantly decrease mortality. Unfortunately, routine screening still does not belong to standard of care in Hungary. In this study, we performed a comprehensive screening in order to identify patients with mismatch repair (MMR) mutation between the years of 2011 and 2014. Identified mutations were compared with those already published in the international databases.Patients and MethodsPatients who underwent treatment for colorectal cancer at the Surgical Institute of the University of Debrecen were screened using the modified Amsterdam and Bethesda Criteria. Immunohistochemistry and microsatellite analyses were performed in order to identify possible mutation carrier cases. Suspicious cases underwent DNA sequencing to detect mutations in the mismatch repair genes (hMLH1, hMSH2).ResultsAll together 760 colorectal cancer patients were screened. A total of 28 patients were identified as possible MMR mutation carrier and underwent further genetic evaluation. Pathogenic sequence variants of the MMR gene were found in 5 patients. Hypermethylation of the promoter region of thehMLH1gene was identified in 2 patients. Two out of the 5 pathogenic sequence variants of the MMR gene were first identified by our group while other 2 mutations were previously published as possible founder mutations.ConclusionIdentification of families with Lynch syndrome, while challenging because of variable phenotypes at diagnosis, is feasible with available molecular biological technologies and crucial to reduce mortality caused by this syndrome.
The analysis of flow behavior of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy based on the processing maps
Authors: Lypchanskyi Oleksandr , Śleboda Tomasz , Wojtaszek Marek , Muszka Krzysztof , Łukaszek-Sołek Aneta , Stanik Rafał , Gude Maik 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe paper presents the analysis of hot deformation behavior of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Ti-6246) alloy using the theory of dynamic material modeling (DMM) based on hot compression tests performed to a total true strain of 1 at the strain rates from 0.01 to 100 s−1 and at the temperatures within the range between 800 and 1100 °C. The processing maps according to the Prasad’s criterion were developed. The analysis of the processing maps allowed for the placement of domains describing the areas of potentially favorable combinations of hot deformation parameters. The microstructure observations of the investigated alloy specimens after hot deformation in stability and instability areas were conducted. The optimal processing parameters for numerical modeling of Ti-6246 alloy forging were selected based on processing maps. After complex analysis of the obtained results, microstructural observations and numerical modeling of forging of selected part, the forging tests of Ti-6246 alloy were realized. The obtained product quality assessment was carried out by computed tomography non-destructive testing.
Influences of environmental conditions in the fish assemblage structure of a tropical estuary
Authors: Molina Andrés , Duque Guillermo , Cogua Pilar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThree fish assemblages (functional groups according to estuary use) were examined, which presented different responses to environmental variations, mainly associated to the dry and rainy seasons and high and low salinities and temperatures in the Buenaventura Bay estuary, Colombia, Tropical Eastern Pacific. In total, 4674 individuals were collected, belonging to 69 species of 29 families. The most abundant species wasSphoeroides trichocephalus(35% of the total density). The assemblage of estuarine-resident fishes showed high tolerance to environmental variations since these were present all along the estuary and throughout the year. The assemblage of marine estuarine–dependent species was associated with the rainy season and low salinities and temperatures. The assemblages of marine estuarine opportunist fishes were associated with areas of higher environmental variability in both seasons, dry and rainy. Fish species belonging to the same functional group showed variations in their response to environmental changes which evidenced complex spatial and temporal dynamics. Understanding these changes is necessary to generate effective management plans based on scientific ecological knowledge, which include environmental impacts present in this estuary such as microplastics, heavy metals, and effects of dredging, and their effects on the ecosystem.
Lithology controlled soil organic carbon stabilization in an alpine grassland of the Peruvian Andes
Authors: Yang Songyu , Jansen Boris , Kalbitz Karsten , Chunga Castro Fresia O. , van Hall Rutger L. , Cammeraat Erik L. H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlpine grasslands of the Neotropical Andes have high soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and provide crucial ecosystem services. However, stability of the SOC in these grasslands is not well-studied. Having insights into SOC stability contributes to a better understanding of ecosystem vulnerability and maintaining of ecosystem services. The objectives were to get a first insight into organic matter (OM) stabilization in soils from different bedrocks of Andean alpine grasslands near Cajamarca, Peru (7° 11″ S, 78° 35″ W) and how this controls SOC stocks. Samples were collected from soils formed on limestone and acid igneous rocks. Stabilization mechanisms of OM were investigated using selective extraction methods separating active Fe, Al and Ca fractions and determined SOC stocks. In both soil types, the results showed important contributions of complexation with and/or adsorption on Fe and Al (oxides) to OM stabilization. Exclusively in the limestone soils, Ca induced OM stabilization by promoting the formation of Ca2+ bridges between OM and mineral surfaces. Furthermore, no evidence showed that OM stabilization was controlled by crystalline Fe oxides, clay contents, allophones, Al toxicity or aggregate stability. Limestone soils had significantly higher SOC stocks (405 ± 42 Mg ha−1) compared to the acid igneous rock soils (226 ± 6 Mg ha−1), which is likely explained by OM stabilization related to Ca2+ bridges in addition to the stabilization related to Fe and Al (oxides) in the limestone soils. Our results suggest a shift from OM stabilization dominated by Fe and Al (oxides) to that with the presence of Ca-related cation bridges, with increasing pH values driven by lithology.
Case report. Zinner-syndroom: een zeldzame oorzaak van agenesie van de nier
Authors: te Dorsthorst Manon J. , Prins-van Uden M. , Niekel Ronald , van Balken Michael R. 
Published: January 2020

SamenvattingDe trias nieragenesie, ipsilaterale retentiecyste van de vesicula seminalis en obstructie van de ductus ejaculatorius is een zeldzaam syndroom, dat in 1914 voor het eerst werd beschreven door dr. Zinner. Het syndroom ontstaat doordat tijdens de embryogenese een aberrante ductus mesonephricus (buis van Wolff) ontstaat en geen ureterknop wordt gevormd. Dit leidt tot ipsilaterale nieragenesie en obstructie van de ductus ejaculatorius, welke uiteindelijk leidt tot dilatatie van de vesicula seminales. De diagnose wordt meestal bij toeval gesteld, hoewel patiënten zich ook kunnen presenteren met klachten, zoals dysurie, frequency, urgency, hematurie/hematospermie, scrotalgie en pijn bij ejaculatie. De diagnose wordt gesteld op basis van diverse beeldvormende technieken, waarbij de MRI-scan vaak het sluitende bewijs geeft. Dit case report het diagnose- en behandeltraject bij drie patiënten. Daarnaast wordt een overzicht van de embryologie en huidige stand van zaken binnen de beeldvorming en behandeling van het Zinner-syndroom gegeven.
Treatment of the sensory and motor components of urges to eat (eating addiction?): a mobile-health pilot study for obesity in young people
Authors: Pretlow Robert A. , Stock Carol M. , Roeger Leigh , Allison Stephen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Compelling evidence indicates that an addictive process might contribute to overeating/obesity. We hypothesize that this process consists of two components: (a) a sensory addiction to the taste, texture, and temperature of food, and (b) a motor addiction to the actions of eating (e.g., biting, chewing, crunching, sucking, swallowing). Previously, we reported a mobile health application (mHealth app) obesity intervention addressing the sensory addiction component, based on staged food withdrawal. We propose that the motor addiction component can be treated using cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based strategies for body-focused repetitive behaviors (BRFB), e.g., nail biting, skin picking, and hair pulling.

Methods
The present study tested the effectiveness of CBT-based, BFRB therapies added to the staged withdrawal app. Thirty-five participants, ages 8–20, 51.4% females, mean zBMI 2.17, participated in a 4-month study using the app, followed by a 5-month extension without the app. Using staged withdrawal, participants withdrew from specific, self-identified, “problem” foods until cravings resolved; then from non-specific snacking; and lastly from excessive mealtime amounts. BFRB therapies utilized concurrently included: distractions, competing behaviors, triggers avoidance, relaxation methods, aversion techniques, and distress tolerance.

Results
Latent growth curve analysis determined that mean body weight and zBMI decreased significantly more than in a previous study that used only staged withdrawal (p < 0.01). In the 5-month follow-up, participants maintained overall weight loss.

Conclusions
This study provides further preliminary evidence for the acceptability of an addiction model treatment of obesity in youth, and that the addition of CBT-based, BFRB therapies increased the effectiveness of staged food withdrawal.

Level of evidence
Level IV, Evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis with the intervention.
Frailty and prediction of recurrent falls over 10 years in a community cohort of 75-year-old women
Authors: Bartosch Patrik S. , Kristensson Jimmie , McGuigan Fiona E. , Akesson Kristina E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Frailty captures the age-related declines in health leading to increased vulnerability, including falls which are commonplace in older women. The relationship between frailty and falls is complex, with one leading to the other in a vicious cycle.

Aims
This study addresses the gap in understanding how patterns of frailty and falls propensity interact, particularly in those who have not yet entered the falls-frailty cycle.

Methods
The Osteoporosis Risk Assessment cohort consists of 1044 community-dwelling women aged 75, with 10 years of follow-up. Investigations were performed and a frailty index constructed at baseline, 5 and 10 years. Falls were self-reported for each previous 12 months. Analysis was two-directional, firstly based on frailty status and second, based on falls status. Recurrent falls was the primary outcome.

Results
Baseline frailty was a significant predictor of recurrent falls after 5 and 10 years [(OR 2.55 (1.62–3.99); 3.04 (1.63–5.67)]. Among women who had no history of falls at age 75, frailty was a stronger predictor of falls at 5 years [OR 3.06 (1.59–5.89)] than among women who had previously fallen.

Discussion
Frailty is significantly associated with recurrent falls and most pronounced in those who are frail but have not yet fallen.

Conclusions
This suggests that frailty should be an integral part of falls-risk assessment to improve identification of those at risk of becoming fallers.
Rubella in Pregnancy
Authors: Singh Chanchal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRubella, commonly known as ‘German Measles’ is a common childhood viral disease that may affect adults as well. More than half of the infections are either asymptomatic or present with mild flu like illness with a typical maculopapular rash. In contrast, primary rubella infection in pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, can have serious consequences, namely miscarriage, intrauterine fetal demise or congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). WHO recognizes CRS as the ‘leading vaccine preventable cause of birth defects’. Antenatal management primarily is based on testing for immunity in the first trimester and recognizing acute maternal infection. A correct interpretation of maternal serology using IgG avidity along with IgM and IgG is imperative to avoid false positive diagnoses. Diagnosis of fetal infection is by detection of Rubella virus specific RTPCR in amniotic fluid and is indicated if maternal seroconversion is seen in the periconceptional period and/or the first trimester or if there are ultrasound features suggestive of fetal infection. Since there is no treatment available to either prevent mother to child transmission or to treat fetal infection, the mainstay is prevention. India is amongst the 11 countries of WHO South East Asia Region who are committed to control of Rubella and CRS by 2020.
Fetal Left Brachiocephalic Vein (LBCV): Visualization and Its Measurements in Indian Population
Authors: Shah Nupur 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLeft brachiocephalic vein, also known as innominate vein runs in upper mediastinum posterior to the thymus and anterior to the transverse aortic arch and aortic branches. LBCV can be visualized on gray scale as well as color Doppler ultrasound at the level above the 3 vessel view. This is the first Indian study to demonstrate the significance of its routine visualization and its measurements on prenatal ultrasound. Isolated intrathymic LBCV is a normal variant and in isolation does not warrant an alteration in routine management of pregnancy. Absent LBCV or dilated LBCV are pathological and warrant a thorough anomalies scan and fetal echocardiography.
Über „Digital Natives“, die selbst aktiv werden und Lehrpersonen, die keine Angst vor Tablets haben. Eine Diskursanalyse zum Schreiben über das Lehren und Lernen mit digitalen Medien in praxisinstruktiven Zeitschriften für die Grundschule
Authors: Moldenhauer Anna , Buck Marc Fabian , Koinzer Thomas 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse einer praxeologischen Diskursanalyse zum Schreiben von Grundschullehrer*innen über das Lehren und Lernen mit digitalen Medien in den Fokus gerückt. Auf Basis einer Analyse von Beiträgen aus praxisinstruktiven Zeitschriften für die Grundschule wird in den Blick genommen, welche Begründungsfiguren sowie Subjektpositionen konstituiert werden. Es wird analysiert, wie sich die schreibenden Grundschullehrer*innen als Orientierung vermittelnde Subjekte und als Mitgestalter*innen einer technologisierten und in Teilen gamifizierten Unterrichtspraxis positionieren, in der die generalisierten Schüler*innensubjekte motiviert und selbsttätig lernen.