bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slope Failure Investigation in Weathered Granitic Rock Mass Using Electrical Resistivity Imaging: Case Study in Kg Bukit Selar, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Zainol Abidin Nur Azra , Nordin Nur Haika , Ali Khan Mohammad Muqtada , Sulaiman Mohd. Syakir , Hussin Hamzah , Abdullah Abdul Manan , Andriansyah Nazaruddin Dony 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The slope failure phenomenon is a common natural hazard in Malaysia in which due to the change in slope angle, weathering, heavy rainfall, and overloading. This research is focusing on analyzing the subsurface condition of slope failure in Kg Bukit Selar, Jeli, Kelantan by the electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) method. Geologically, the study area mainly composed of granitic rocks (microgranite and porphyritic granite). A total of five resistivity survey lines using Schlumberger and Pole-Dipole array with a 200m spread was conducted at the failed slope. ABEM Terrameter LS was used to collect field data, and processed by using RES2DINV software. The results were presented in the form of two-dimensional (2D) resistivity profiles providing a view of the subsurface distribution of the granitic rock, geological structures, and water content. The results show that the slope failed due to the presence of groundwater. The findings in this study show that the resistivity survey is a reliable method for slope failure investigation. The slope failures due to seepage problems were successfully being investigated using the ERI method.
Trace Elements Concentration in Domestic Groundwater Wells in Northern Parts of Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Pillai Kishan Raj , Mansor Hafzan Eva , Shafiee Nor Shahida , Shah Zameer Ahmad , Ali Khan Mohammad Muqtada 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Groundwater is one of the major alternatives of freshwater supply in rural as well as in urban areas in Kelantan. The need for groundwater has been rising day by day for irrigation purposes. The degree of trace elements pollution and the suitability of groundwater for drinking purpose were assessed through analysis of 32 groundwater samples of shallow aquifer. A total of 15 trace elements investigated includes As, Pb, Sr, Ba, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, Fe, Zn, Cr, B, Se, and Al. The study reveals that most of the samples analysed contain marginally low concentrations of trace elements. The majority of toxic elements (As and Pb) are found to be in minute quantities and thus assumed to be inattentive in the wells. The concentration of all the elements except Fe and Mn were found far well within the permissible limits of WHO, thus pointing to the unpolluted source of water supply in the area. The concentration of Fe is higher in eight samples whereas Mn is on the higher side in twelve samples during post-season. Overall, all the elements show higher concentrations during post season owing to the less intensity of rainfall. Overall, the water in the area is safe for various purposes, but the source and contamination levels of Fe and Mn needs to be evaluated in detail. Moreover, appropriate use of law and regulations and effective water management is required amid rising population to preserve the quality of this resource for future generations.
Assessment of Nighttime Ground Level Ozone Concentration in Klang During Wet and Dry Month
Authors: Mohamad Nazir Amni Umirah , Awang Norrimi Rosaida , Hamidi Siti Nurhaliza , Ramli Nor Azam , Ibrahim Nurazim 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ground level ozone (O3) is the most significant secondary air pollutants in Malaysia, and this air pollutant exhibited different variations during daytime and nighttime due to differences in photochemistry. This utilizing seven variables (O3, NO2, NO, SO2, PM10, temperature, and relative humidity) secondary data acquired from the Air Pollution Division, Department of Environment Malaysia. The nighttime data (7 p.m. – 6 p.m.) on March and December 2015 were used to represent the dry and wet months, respectively. Box and whisker plots were used to show the variation of nighttime O3, NO2, NO, SO2, PM10, temperature, and relative humidity during the dry and wet months. Results suggested that there are variations among the selected variables between dry and wet month with temperature, O3, NO2, and PM10 showed higher value during dry month compared to wet month. Meanwhile, relative humidity, NO, and SO2 showed the opposite result.
Survey of People Perception on the Resulting Noise from the Sultan Ismail Petra Airport, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Aweng E.R. , Aisyah Sharifah S.O , Liyana A.A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Around the Sultan Ismail Petra Airport, Pengkalan Chepa, Kelantan, Malaysia there are housing areas, educational institutions, schools, hospitals and even houses of worship that are categorized as sensitive recipients. They’ve been receiving noise from the airport for decades and they are still there. They may feel uncomfortable but have no choice, or are they no longer aware of the disruption they receive on a daily basis or they can already accept the noise with an open heart. To answer this question an informal conversational interview was conducted. A total of 120 respondents were selected, 40 respondents per contour (500m, 1000m and 1500m). Results of the survey found that 50% (60 people) of respondents said the noise effect of the flight was strong, while another 25% said that the noise effect was moderate (30 people) and low (30 people). Most of the respondents who said the noise impact from the airport are strong came from respondents who sited within 500m from the airport. Meanwhile, for those who answered moderate and low was from 1000m and 1500m radius from the airport. As a conclusion, people who are leaving within 500m from the airport was badly affected by aircraft noise, So it needs to be rectified to avoid permanent hearing damage and stress problems for the residents.
Analysis of Oil Palm Tree Recognition using Drone-Based Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Hashim S A , Daliman S , Rodi I N Md , Aziz N Abd , Amaludin N A , Rak A Eh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The oil palm tree, or scientifically called as Elaeis guineensis is native to West Africa, where it grows in the wild, transformed into a crop that later was introduced to Malaysian industry. The cultivation of oil palm improved rapidly under the agricultural sector causes degradation, particularly when the oil palm plantation goes uncontrolled. Tree plantation identification is very important for plantation management, environmental management, biodiversity monitoring and many other applications. Accurate inventories and monitoring oil palm estates can be a challenge and critical towards the plantation management and plant area expansion. Managing oil palm estate manually can almost be impossible, so do the tree counting. Manual field-based tree counting is time-consuming and high cost. Conventional method for tree counting can be carried out by manually marked on images or carry out field surveying using GPS to collect the positions of oil palm trees and display their position on image. Developing easier, simpler and cheaper method for tree counting is needed. The aim of this study is to analyse oil palm trees using drone-based remote sensing images. The algorithms used in this research study including Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM), wavelet transform and template matching. The database of oil palm tree been developed with a total of 131 oil palm trees and 161 of non-oil palm trees have been collected. The window size of oil palm tree been analysed where 250 x 250 pixels which GLCM showed the best overall accuracy of 73.10% for both oil palm and non-oil palm. In this specific window, the oil palm crown can be covered and the result given is more accurate compared to other window sizes. The resulting analysis shows that wavelet transform algorithm gives the highest overall accuracy value which is 82.07%. The other eight statistic parameters can also used to modify the GLCM in order to observe the accuracy and identify which give the best classification accuracy. The availability and ubiquity of drone technologies with high resolution images and regular basis monitoring, new techniques in image and pattern recognition using drone-based remote sensing images let the idea of high accuracy oil palm tree detection become a reality.
Removal of Cadmium, Copper and Nickel in Thynnichthys thynnoides using Chelation Technique
Authors: Wan Abdullah Wan Nazwanie , Hussin Raihan , Shukri Nurasmat Mohd , Mat Rosid Salmiah Jamal , Abdullah Nor Hakimin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Thynnichthys thynnoides is a freshwater fish that widely consumed by Malaysian society. Due to increasing in industrial activities, the presence of heavy metals in T. thynnoides has become a risk that can affect human health and environment. This research was studied on efficiency of chelation technique to remove heavy metals cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) from T. thynnoides. The treatment for chelation technique was observed under optimized conditions of trisodium citrate concentration of 400 ppm for five hours treatment at temperature of 29.50±0.50°C. Initially the concentration of Cd, Cu and Ni in T. thynnoides were 0.74 μg/g, 3.18 μg/g and 2.95 μg/g and successfully removed to 35.80%, 65.22% and 61.17% respectively.
On the Effects of Cold Temperatures and Solute Concentrations on the Solidification of Gelatine
Authors: Mohd Noor Nurul Hazwani , Ismail Lukman , Abdul Karim Muhammad Firdaus , Hambali Kamarul , Hassin Nor Hizami , Abas Muhamad Azahar , Maulud Abdulhalim Shah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The solidification phenomenon of gelatine is important in many applications especially as an ingredient in certain food products that requires particular textural characteristics. This work was aimed to study the effects of temperatures and solute concentrations on solidification kinetics of gelatine by using Avrami kinetic phase change model analyses. The extent of solidification/gelation was measured gravimetrically and the sigmoid solidification curves were able to be constructed. The Avrami plots were managed to be produced and the Avrami exponents, n, and the rate constant, K, were extracted from the linear equations obtained. It was found that, lowering the cooling temperatures lead to higher K and reduced n values depicting faster rate of solidification with smaller dimensions. It was also observed that increasing the solute concentration lead to larger K and lower n values portraying that solidification rates was increased, and higher dimensions of solids were achieved.
Modification of Common Starch into Resistant Starch in Cassava through Optimisation of Physical and Chemical Treatments
Authors: Nik Kamaruzaman Nik Qalbee , Al-Amsyar Syed Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study found an optimised condition in modifying common starch into resistant starch content by conducting crystallinity index analysis using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The methodology involved the preparation of cassava sample, optimisation of parameters using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and crystallinity index analysis using X-Ray Diffractometers. The results obtained from the analysis were recorded in RSM to observe the suggested and optimised parameters to modify the resistant starch content. RSM proved that the addition of oil had given the most significant effect to achieve the optimised crystallinity index, followed by the autoclave duration and the cooling duration, which gave the least significant effect towards the treatment.
Accelerated stability study of Orthosiphon stamineus standardised ethanolic extract and its solid dispersion
Authors: Saidan N H , Kaus NHM , Aisha A , Hamil MSR , Ismail Z 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objective of the present study is to develop accelerated stability of Orthosiphon stamineus standardised ethanolic extract (SEE) and its solid dispersion (ESD). The stability study of SEE and ESD has been performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analyses. The spectroscopic datasets of ESD were applied to the principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the maximum information of the ATR-FTIR spectra. SEE and ESD were stored at three different temperatures with two different humidity conditions (30 °C/75% RH, 40 °C/75% RH and 60 °C/85% RH) for six months. Overall, the degradation of marker compounds; rosmarinic acid (RA), 3’-hydroxy-5, 6, 7, 4’-tetramethoxyflavone (TMF), sinensetin (SIN) and eupatorin (EUP) at high temperature (60 °C/85% RH) was higher compared to low temperature (30 °C/75% RH) for both samples. Moreover, the degradation of RA, TMF, SIN and EUP in ESD was slower compared to SEE. The deterioration of marker compounds for both samples followed the first-order reaction kinetics. The shelf life of SEE and ESD is based on the estimated shelf life RA, TMF, SIN, and EUP present in the samples. The shelf life of RA, TMF, SIN, and EUP in ESD were significantly enhanced (p < 0.001) compared to the same markers in SEE with EUP was showing the highest shelf life (15 months), while RA showed the lowest shelf life (7 months) when stored at the temperature below 30 °C. The shelf life of all marker compounds in SEE was less than two months when stored at the same temperature (below 30 °C). Based on ATR-FTIR fingerprinting datasets analysed with PCA, ESD kept at 30 °C/75% RH were still preserved of its chemical properties, which indicates that low temperature is better to keep the formulation.
Characterization of Starch in Two Cultivars of Ubi Gadong (Dioscorea Hispida Dennst)
Authors: Abdul Hamid Zubaidah Aimi , Mustafa Muhammad Zulkarnain , Zainal Nurul Shuhada , Ramle Sitti Fatimah Mhd. , Che Zaudin Nurul Akmar , Binti Saidan Noor Hafizoh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The ubi gadong or Dioscorea Hispida Dennst (D. hispida) is a carbohydrate plant that contain about 75.2 % in the form of starch in its tuber. In this study, two cultivars of D. hispida namely yellow tuber or ‘gadong pulut’ and white tuber or ‘gadong beras’ were identified. The starch content in two cultivars of D. hispida was extracted and analyse their chemical and physical properties by comparing their thermal analysis, granule morphology and others physicochemical properties. Observation on the texture of starch extract from yellow tuber shows that starch in yellow tuber is stickier and requires a long time for the drying process compared to the white tuber. The colour parameter of tuber was measured the yellowness colour (b*) using choma meter showed the yellow tuber is 52.88 more yellowish than white tuber which is about 34.16. Results showed, for both starch samples solubility and swelling power gradually increased with the increasing of temperature ranging from 75°C to 95°C. SEM analysis of the starch granules indicate the polyhedral shapes with size between 1.3μm to 4.3μm. The results obtained from DSC showed the both starches transition temperature (To, Tp and Tc) were in range 74.53 – 74.58°C, 79.34 – 79.39°C and 83.35 – 83.40°C while, the enthalpy of gelatinization (ΔHgel) was in range 4.11 – 4.16 Jg−1.
Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity Activities of Eleiodoxa conferta Plant Extracts
Authors: Thivakar Nishalani A/P , Liew Jeng Young , Boon Jia Geng , Sim Kheng Yuen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Researchers are actively exploring the locally available fruits that may use for therapeutic remedies. Eleiodoxa conferta is an underutilized Malaysian fruit. This study was conducted to examine bioactive compounds and toxicity activities of different parts of E. conferta using 100% ethanol, 50% ethanol, and water for extraction. Results showed that Ethanol (50% v/v) was the best extraction solvent. The highest and lowest yield shown in the flesh extract and seed extract at 39.247% and 4.89%, respectively. The peel of E. conferta always showed higher Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) as compared to other parts of the plant. Phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, phenol, tannin, to name a few, were abundantly present in most extractions. The toxicity screening revealed that the toxicity level was high in the seed part of E. conferta while low toxicity shown in the flesh of the fruit. Overall, this fruit is rich in bioactivities. Further studies can be done to uncover its true potential application, especially the application of those bioactive components as antimicrobial agents in preserving food.
Research on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Operation and Maintenance for Power Equipment
Authors: Zhang Xinwei , Zhang Mingming , Hu Quanyi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
With the continuous deepening of the construction of the State Grid, more and more power grid equipment such as substations need to be repaired and maintained in a timely manner, which makes the workload and difficulty of the power grid equipment operation and maintenance personnel more and more difficult. Electricity is a necessity for our daily life and enterprise production. In order to ensure the rapid and stable economic development, reliable power supply must be provided, and the normal operation of power equipment is the key to safe and stable power supply. Due to the rapid development of cities, various problems have begun to appear in some power grid plans, coupled with the upgrading of power grid equipment and the implementation of new power grid plans, making the operation and maintenance of power grid equipment more and more difficult, and more and more challenges high. Therefore, this article first analyzes the process of intelligent state maintenance of power grids, analyzes the key technologies of artificial intelligence in the operation and maintenance of power equipment, and analyzes the application of artificial intelligence technology in the operation and maintenance of power equipment.
Research on SECE interface circuit for micro wind harvesting system with piezoelectric structure
Authors: Chen Yuansheng , Zhao Pengcheng , Huang Qinbin , Gu Cong , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Micro wind harvesting system with piezoelectric structure is an attractive method to power micro electric devices in outdoor field work. Interface circuit is one of the keys to improve the efficiency of harvested energy. A SECE interface circuit is design with microcontroller, which monitors the voltage and generates pulse signal. A simulation is performed in Multisim software to validate the proposed circuit. Results show that the maximum output power of classic interface circuit is 128.118μW at 110KΩ, and it increases to 390μW with proposed SECE interface circuit. It indicates that the efficiency of harvested energy is improved by 200%.
Comparison of flexible bidding and hourly bidding in the electricity market
Authors: Wang Hechun , Chen Gang , Fan Kun , Wang Kai , Li Hua , Guo Zijun , Liu Dunnan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Flexible bidding is an emerging electricity trading product in the Nordic spot market, which is different from hourly bidding and block bidding. It provides electricity generation enterprises and users with flexible and changeable electricity generation and consumption options and can reflect the electricity generation and demand-side behavior and habits of electricity generation and consumption, providing reference value for Chinese market participants to participate in the electricity market and demand-side response. This paper firstly introduces the two bidding models of hourly bidding and flexible block bidding; secondly, it introduces the market clearance model of flexible bidding; finally, it compares the differences between these two bidding approach.
Design and Research on Tapped Inductor of Large Step-up Ratio DC/DC Converter
Authors: Wu Lihua , Chen Yiwen , Yang Shuang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The design and manufacture of magnetic components such as inductors need to estimate theoretical parameters based on the working characteristics of circuit on the one hand, and select the magnetic core and winding method by experience to determine the manufacturing plan. The parameters and performance of magnetic components obtained by different winding methods are usually different, so the design results have certain uncertainty. In order to better obtain system indicators, a design method for the design of the tapped inductor of large step-up ratio DC/DC converter is proposed to calculate the key parameters such as the turn ratio and inductance of the tapped inductor. The optimized winding scheme method of the tapped inductor is proposed by combining electromagnetic field simulation and circuit simulation. The simulation results show that the theoretical parameters obtained under the proposed method are correct, and multiple performance indicators of the tapped inductance corresponding to the converter circuit under different winding modes can be obtained, which is convenient for the designer to find the best appropriate production plan according to actual needs.
Research on Wind Deviation Detection Based on DENCLUE Abnormal Working Condition Filtering
Authors: Yin Xianlong , Shi Yijie , Xu Xinda , Duan Yongchun , Jia Yaowu , Chen Gang , Zhang Xinyue , Yin Feifei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the wind vane of wind turbines has a deviation to the wind, which damages the power generation efficiency of the unit, a filtering method of abnormal working conditions based on DENCLUE density clustering is proposed, which mainly included two stages of working condition screening and calculation of the angle of the wind deviation. Firstly, the density clustering algorithm based on DENCLUE is used to filter the working conditions of the data and to filter out the working condition data of abnormal power generation. Then, the data is further processed, including data smoothing and wind speed binning. Furthermore, according to the relationship between the output power of the unit and the yaw angle of the wind deviation, a regression model is established to obtain the wind deviation angle of the unit. Finally, the method is verified through the actual operation of SCADA data. The results show that after filtering the working conditions, more stable output can be obtained and the performance of the unit can be obviously improved.
Calculation of electric field in wire penetration monitoring device on strong electromagnetic environment
Authors: Hao Jianhong , Zhang Yuguan , Shi Haipeng , Liu Lianguang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In a strong electromagnetic environment, there is a great demand for the parameters needed to monitor the operation of lines or substation equipment, and the reliability of the monitoring device is a problem that needs to be researched. According to the need for heat dissipation and assembly of the cavity of the wire penetration monitoring device, for the high-voltage and high-current wire access point and the hole structure inside the device, this paper establishes a cavity model with a ring-shaped gap through a wire and derives the analytical formula of the electromagnetic field in the cavity, then the influence of plane wave pitching angle, the structure parameters of the conductor and the position of the wire on the internal resonance characteristic transformation of the through wire cavity are analyzed. The simulation analysis results can be used for the structure and shielding design of the wire penetration monitoring device under the electromagnetic environment of transmission lines and substations.