bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of an open source transmission line impedance matching educational framework
Authors: Varan Metin , Ergüzel Alper Turan , Genç Hasan Hakan , Ulusoy Bahar , Öylek İsmail , Ay Mükremin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDetermining input impedance, assigning reflection coefficient, and matching load impedance are important transmission line problems those involve complex calculation steps because of complex connection architectures in transmission lines. Efficient understanding of such problems in undergraduate and graduate courses should be supported by rich visualization tools. The Smith chart is a convenient tool for transmission line calculations especially for wave propagation and maximum power theory that discusses impedance matching problems. In this context, we can say that Java is a widely used open source educational tool having strong computational environment for research and development aims. In this study, an open source transmission line impedance matching educational framework (TLIME) has been designed to teach efficiently wave propagation and maximum power theory that discusses the impedance matching problems. The success of developed educational framework has been measured by a questionnaire held in courses in the third and fourth years of the electrical and electronics engineering undergraduate program at Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Turkey. The visual preparation of the problem solutions with rich graphical user interface and simulations of the mathematical representations has been evaluated to contribute to a better understanding of the wave propagation and impedance matching transmission line subjects. The functionality and simplicity of the developed framework scored by over 82% among course enrolled students. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 explains transmission line impedance matching problem in the context of maximum power theory. Section 3 discusses transmission line planning and problem solving with Smith chart. Section 4 discusses explanation and usage of developed TLIME framework and last section discusses results.
Depression and anxiety in Hodgkin lymphoma patients: A Danish nationwide cohort study of 945 patients
Authors: Øvlisen Andreas K. , Jakobsen Lasse H. , Kragholm Kristian H. , Nielsen René E. , Hutchings Martin , Dahl‐Sørensen Rasmus B. , Frederiksen Henrik , Stoltenberg Danny , Bøgsted Martin , Østgård Lene S. G. , Severinsen Marianne T. , El‐Galaly Tarec C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCancer‐related psychological distress may lead to depression and anxiety among survivors. The vast majority of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) become long‐term survivors, but the risk of mental health problems after HL is not well‐characterized. Using national population‐based registries, we investigated the cumulative incidence of psychotropic drug (antidepressants, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics) use (proxies for depression and anxiety) in HL patients as well as if an increased risk would normalize over time for patients in remission. The study included 945 HL patients aged 18‐92 years and 4725 matched persons. In total, 215 HL patients (22.8%) received a prescription of any psychotropic drug (PD) at some point after date of diagnosis compared to 545 persons (11.5%) in the matched cohort. Cumulative incidences with death/relapse as competing risk confirmed that HL patients were at higher risk of receiving psychotropic drug prescriptions, but the increased risk was transient and normalized to the matched population 5 years into survivorship. Increased age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and disease stage were associated with higher risk of psychotropic drug prescriptions. Given the increased rate of psychotropic drug prescriptions after HL diagnosis, screening for symptoms of depression and anxiety is warranted after HL diagnosis and first years into survivorship.
Synthesis and Biological Studies of Dodecameric Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Containing Tetrahydrofuran Amino Acids
Authors: Ghosh Uttam , Soni Isha , Kaul Grace , Trivedi Priyanka , Chaturvedi Vinita , Chopra Sidharth , Kanti Chakraborty Tushar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report here a concise route to synthesize various stereoisomers of tetrahydrofuran amino acids (TAAs) and the synthesis of TAA‐containing linear cationic dodecapeptides. Some of these linear peptides show slightly better antimicrobial activities than their tetra‐ and octameric congeners, but no activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, for which octapeptides exhibited by far the best results; this implies that antibacterial activity is dependent on the length of these linear peptides. All the dodecapeptides described here were found to be toxic in nature against Vero cells. The study helps to delineate the optimal length of this series of linear peptides and select potential leads in the development of novel cationic peptide‐based antibiotics.
Patient with recurrence dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: A case report
Authors: Amjadzadeh Mohammadreza , Mousavi Ghanavati Parvin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe present a typical case of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP) with a complaint of a painful and various recurrence, make a review of the most important aspects. This is a rare tumor and we call special attention to the fact that its recurrence is extremely frequent, so there is absolute need to observe these patients periodically after surgery.
Hydrogenolysis of Glucose into Propylene Glycol over Pt/SiO2@Mg(OH)2 Catalyst
Authors: Gu Minyan , Shen Zheng , Zhang Wei , Xia Meng , Jiang Jikang , Dong Wenjie , Zhou Xuefei , Zhang Yalei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOne‐pot selective conversion of glucose is a green approach compared with petroleum‐based processes to produce 1,2‐propylene glycol (1,2‐PG), but its realization is hindered by various side reactions. Here we demonstrate a feasible strategy of Pt/SiO2@Mg(OH)2 core‐shell catalyst to achieve the 1,2‐PG yield of 53.8 % by a three‐pronged promotion, including enhancement of the glucose‐fructose isomerization and retro‐aldol condensation (RAC), as well as re‐conversion of by‐product hexitol into 1,2‐PG. We realized the in situ synthesis of the core‐shell structure using a self‐existent Mg(OH)2 base instead of an extraneous base in the hydrothermal process and it achieved a stable performance during reuse by protecting Pt from leaching.
Selective Conversion of Various Monosaccharaides into Sugar Acids by Additive‐Free Dehydrogenation in Water
Authors: Mollar‐Cuni Andres , Byrne Joseph P. , Borja Pilar , Vicent Cristian , Albrecht Martin , Mata Jose A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAbundant sugars of five and six carbon atoms are promising candidates for the production of valuable platform chemicals. Here, we describe the catalytic dehydrogenation of several pentoses and hexoses into their corresponding sugar acids with the concomitant formation of molecular hydrogen. This biomass transformation is promoted by highly active and selective catalysts based on iridium(III) complexes containing a triazolylidene (trz) as ligand. Monosaccharides are converted into sugar acids in an easy and sustainable manner using only catalyst and water, and in contrast to previously reported procedures, in the absence of any additive. The reaction is therefore very clean, and highly selective, which avoids the tedious purification and product separation. Mechanistic investigations using 1H NMR and UV‐vis spectroscopies and ESI mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) indicate the formation of an unprecedented diiridium‐hydride as dormant species that correspond to the catalyst resting state.
Lead‐Free, Water‐Stable A3Bi2I9 Perovskites: Crystal Growth and Blue‐Emitting Quantum Dots [A=CH3NH3+, Cs+, and (Rb0.05Cs2.95)+]
Authors: Babu Ramavath , Bhandary Subhrajyoti , Chopra Deepak , Singh Surya Prakash 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite the great success in the increase in the power conversion efficiency of lead halide perovskite solar cells, the toxicity of lead and the unstable nature of the materials are still major concerns for their wider implementation at the industrial level. Herein, large‐size single crystals (SCs) are developed in HI solution by using a temperature lowering method and nanocrystals (NCs) of A3Bi2I9 perovskites [where A=CH3NH3+ (MA)+, Cs+, and (Rb0.05Cs2.95)+] are formed in ethanol (EtOH) and toluene (TOL). The stability of A3Bi2I9 perovskite is investigated by immersing the SCs for 24 h and pellets for 12 h in water. Moreover, the A3Bi2I9 perovskite NCs displays a promising photoluminescence quantum yield of 17.63 % and a long lifetime of 8.20 ns.
Engineering of Laccase CueO for Improved Electron Transfer in Bioelectrocatalysis by Semi‐Rational Design
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Cui Haiyang , Dhoke Gaurao V. , Zou Zhi , Sauer Daniel F. , Davari Mehdi D. , Schwaneberg Ulrich 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Ulrich Schwaneberg at the Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH‐Aachen University and DWI Lebniz Institute of Interactive Materials. The picture calls for special attention to be paid to the extra Cu binding site of Copper efflux Oxidase (CueO), due to its predominant function in tuning the electrocatalytic kinetics towards oxygen reduction. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201905598.
Phenothiazine‐Biaryl‐Containing Fluorescent RGD Peptides
Authors: Ghabraie Elmira , Kemker Isabell , Tonali Nicolo , Ismail Mohamed , Dodero Veronica I. , Sewald Norbert 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCyclic RGD peptides are well‐known ligands of integrins. The integrins αVβ3 and α5β1 are involved in angiogenesis, and integrin αVβ3 is abundantly present on cancer cells, thus representing a therapeutic target. Hence, synthetic and biophysical studies continuously are being directed towards the understanding of ligand‐integrin interaction. In this context, the development of versatile synthetic strategies to obtain fluorescent building blocks that can add molecular diversity and modular spectral characteristics while not compromising binding affinity or selectivity is a relevant task. An on‐resin intramolecular Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling (SMC) between l‐ or d‐7‐bromotryptophan (7BrTrp) and a phenothiazine (Ptz) boronic acid affords fluorescent cyclic RGD pseudopeptides, c(RGD(W/w)Ptz). Ring closure by SMC establishes a phenothiazine–indole moiety with axial chirality. An array of eight novel compounds has been synthesized, among them one fluorescent compound with good affinity to integrin αVβ3. The fluorescence properties of the analogues can be efficiently tuned depending on the substituents in Ptz moiety even for fluorescence emission in the visible (red) spectral range.
Experimental and Theoretical Evidence of Spin‐Orbit Heavy Atom on the Light Atom 1H NMR Chemical Shifts Induced through H⋅⋅⋅I− Hydrogen Bond
Authors: Vícha Jan , Švec Petr , Růžičková Zdeňka , Samsonov Maksim A. , Bártová Kateřina , Růžička Aleš , Straka Michal , Dračínský Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSpin‐orbit (SO) heavy‐atom on the light‐atom (SO‐HALA) effect is the largest relativistic effect caused by a heavy atom on its light‐atom neighbors, leading, for example, to unexpected NMR chemical shifts of 1H, 13C, and 15N nuclei. In this study, a combined experimental and theoretical evidence for the SO‐HALA effect transmitted through hydrogen bond is presented. Solid‐state NMR data for a series of 4‐dimethylaminopyridine salts containing I−, Br− and Cl− counter ions were obtained experimentally and by theoretical calculations. A comparison of the experimental chemical shifts with those calculated by a standard DFT methodology without the SO contribution to the chemical shifts revealed a remarkable error of the calculated proton chemical shift of a hydrogen atom that is in close contact with the iodide anion. The addition of the relativistic SO correction in the calculations significantly improves overall agreement with the experiment and confirms the propagation of the SO‐HALA effect through hydrogen bonds.
Higher Dosage of Ciprofloxacin Necessary in Critically Ill Patients: A New Dosing Algorithm Based on Renal Function and Pathogen Susceptibility
Authors: Gieling Emilie M. , Wallenburg Eveline , Frenzel Tim , de Lange Dylan W. , Schouten Jeroen A. , ten Oever Jaap , Kolwijck Eva , Burger David M. , Pickkers Peter , ter Heine Rob , Brüggemann Roger J. M. 
Published: April 2020

The objective of the present study was to develop a dosing algorithm for ciprofloxacin based on both renal function and pathogen susceptibility in critically ill patients. In this observational prospective multicenter pharmacokinetic study, a total of 39 adult intensive care unit patients receiving ciprofloxacin were included. On two occasions a total of 531 samples of ciprofloxacin were collected. Renal function is a significant covariate on ciprofloxacin clearance. A dose of 400 mg every 12 hours was sufficient to reach the preestablished target of area under the curve (AUC) in relation to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (AUC/MIC) > 125 in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 130 mL/min and an infection caused by a pathogen with an MIC ≤ 0.125 mg/L. For patients with infections caused by pathogens with an MIC ≥ 0.5 mg/L and eGFR> 100 mL/min, doses up to 600 mg four times daily or more were estimated to be required. This study provides a new dosing algorithm for ciprofloxacin in critically ill patients. In order to achieve adequate target attainment, the dosing of ciprofloxacin should be based on renal function and the MIC of the causative pathogen. Higher doses than the standard licensed dose are necessary to obtain target attainment for less susceptible pathogens and patients with high renal clearance. In the setting of impaired renal function, a daily dose of 400 mg (which is currently recommended) will not result in adequate target attainment for less susceptible pathogens.
Intraparotid metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by FNAC—Report of a rare case
Authors: Stephen Norton , Raman Arthy , Kumari Sinku , Dineshbabu Sekar , Gochhait Debasis , Siddaraju Neelaiah 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMetastasis to the parotid gland accounts for 10%‐16% of parotid malignancies. Head and neck malignancies constitute the major bulk of metastatic lesions to the parotid. The other common primaries include the breast, kidney, lung, and prostate. Metastasis from the lung to the parotid is a relatively rare occurrence whose exact percentage is not known. Though intralymphatic spread into the parotid is known, intraparenchymal spread through hematogenous route is rare. The presence of intraparenchymal spread of lung Adenocarcinoma to the contralateral parotid diagnosed on fine needle aspiration (FNA) makes it a case worth reporting, highlighting the utility of cell block preparation and immunohistochemistry for a precise and early diagnosis.
Ordovician ironstone of the Iberian margin: Coastal upwelling, ocean anoxia and Palaeozoic biodiversity
Authors: Pufahl Peir K. , Squires Alexandra D. , Murphy J. Brendan , Quesada Cecilio , Lokier Stephen W. , Álvaro J. Javier , Hatch Jason 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMiddle to Upper Ordovician ironstone and associated sedimentary rocks of the West Asturian‐Leonese and Cantabrian tectonostratigraphic zones, Spain, provide new information regarding the Palaeozoic Fe cycle and the palaeoceanography of the Rheic Ocean. Examination of drill cores and outcrops indicates the southeastern margin of this narrow seaway was a dynamic continental shelf where upwelling of ferruginous seawater and storm currents controlled lithofacies character. Parasequence composition and stacking relationships suggest ironstone accumulated during marine transgression as accommodation increased from lowstand conditions. Proximal parasequences record aggradation from deep subtidal to shoreface environments. Hummocky cross‐stratified sandstone and organic‐rich siltstone grade upwards into swaley cross‐stratified sandstone and granular Fe‐silicate‐rich ironstone capped by a flooding surface. Distal parasequences were deposited below storm wave base on the distal shelf and are composed of variably bioturbated organic‐rich siltstone with thin Fe‐chlorite and phosphorite layers. These differences in parasequence character define two different ironstone factories where Fe was concentrated and precipitated in sediment. Lithofacies associations support an emerging model for ironstone deposition where coastal upwelling delivered and stimulated the precipitation of Fe within shelf sediment. This notion provides further evidence for the development of intermittent anoxic water masses in an Ordovician ocean that was near the threshold of becoming fully ventilated. This style of Fe delivery probably represents a tipping point in the oxygenation history of the Phanerozoic oceans and is a throwback to the Precambrian when widespread anoxia allowed hydrothermal Fe to concentrate in the global ocean. New data suggest that minor extinction events punctuating the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event may be traced to these anoxic waters, which in addition to Fe, were also enriched in biologically toxic, redox sensitive trace elements. Conversely, precipitation of upwelling‐related ironstone may have helped sequester these trace elements, providing a negative feedback response that would aid post‐extinction recovery.
Long‐term restoration success of insect herbivore communities in seminatural grasslands: a functional approach
Authors: Neff Felix , Resch M. Carol , Marty Anja , Rolley Jacob D. , Schütz Martin , Risch Anita C. , Gossner Martin M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSeminatural grasslands are important biodiversity hotspots, but they are increasingly degraded by intensive agriculture. Grassland restoration is considered to be promising in halting the ongoing loss of biodiversity, but this evaluation is mostly based on plant communities. Insect herbivores contribute substantially to grassland biodiversity and to the provisioning of a variety of ecosystem functions. However, it is unclear how they respond to different measures that are commonly used to restore seminatural grasslands from intensively used agricultural land. We studied the long‐term success of different restoration techniques, which were originally targeted at reestablishing seminatural grassland plant communities, for herbivorous insect communities on taxonomic as well as functional level. Therefore, we sampled insect communities 22 yr after the establishment of restoration measures. These measures ranged from harvest and removal of biomass to removal of the topsoil layer and subsequent seeding of plant propagules. We found that insect communities in restored grasslands had higher taxonomic and functional diversity compared to intensively managed agricultural grasslands and were more similar in composition to target grasslands. Restoration measures including topsoil removal proved to be more effective, in particular in restoring species characterized by functional traits susceptible to intensive agriculture (e.g., large‐bodied species). Our study shows that long‐term success in the restoration of herbivorous insect communities of seminatural grasslands can be achieved by different restoration measures and that more invasive approaches that involve the removal of the topsoil layer are more effective. We attribute these restoration successes to accompanying changes in the plant community, resulting in bottom‐up control of the herbivore community. Our results are of critical importance for management decisions aiming to restore multi‐trophic communities, their functional composition and consequently the proliferation of ecosystem functions.
Genetic connectivity of lionfish (Pterois volitans) in marine protected areas of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea
Authors: Guzmán‐Méndez Irán A. , Rivera‐Madrid Renata , Planes Serge , Boissin Emilie , Cróquer Aldo , Agudo-Adriani Esteban , González‐Gándara Carlos , Perez‐España Horacio , Giro‐Petersen Ana , Luque Jenny , García‐Rivas María del C. , Aguilar‐Espinosa Margarita , Arguelles Jiménez Jimmy , Arias‐González Jesus E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLionfish (Pterois volitans) have rapidly invaded the tropical Atlantic and spread across the wider Caribbean in a relatively short period of time. Because of its high invasion capacity, we used it as a model to identify the connectivity among nine marine protected areas (MPAs) situated in four countries in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. This study provides evidence of local genetic differentiation of P. volitans in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. A total of 475 lionfish samples were characterized with 12 microsatellites, with 6–20 alleles per locus. Departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) were found in 10 of the 12 loci, all caused by heterozygous excess. Moderate genetic differentiation was observed between Chiriviche, Venezuela and Xcalak, México localities (FST = 0.012), and between the Los Roques and the Veracruz (FST = 0.074) sites. STRUCTURE analysis found that four genetic entities best fit our data. A unique genetic group in the Gulf of Mexico may imply that the lionfish invasion unfolded both in a counterclockwise manner in the Gulf of Mexico. In spite of the notable dispersion of P. volitans, our results show some genetic structure, as do other noninvasive Caribbean fish species, suggesting that the connectivity in some MPAs analyzed in the Caribbean is limited and caused by only a few source individuals with subsequent genetic drift leading to local genetic differentiation. This indicates that P. volitans dispersion could be caused by mesoscale phenomena, which produce stochastic connectivity pulses. Due to the isolation of some MPAs from others, these findings may hold a promise for local short‐term control of by means of intensive fishing, even in MPAs, and may have regional long‐term effects.
When parks work: Effect of anthropogenic disturbance on occupancy of tropical forest mammals
Authors: Oberosler Valentina , Tenan Simone , Zipkin Elise F. , Rovero Francesco 
Published: April 2020

AbstractProtected areas (PAs) in the tropics are vulnerable to human encroachment, and, despite formal protection, they do not fully mitigate anthropogenic threats to habitats and biodiversity. However, attempts to quantify the effectiveness of PAs and to understand the status and changes of wildlife populations in relation to protection efficiency remain limited. Here, we used camera‐trapping data collected over 8 consecutive years (2009–2016) to investigate the yearly occurrences of medium‐to‐large mammals within the Udzungwa Mountains National Park (Tanzania), an area of outstanding importance for biological endemism and conservation. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of habitat and proxies of human disturbance, namely illegal hunting with snares and firewood collection (a practice that was banned in 2011 in the park), on species' occurrence probabilities. Our results showed variability in species' responses to disturbance: The only species that showed a negative effect of the number of snares found on occurrence probability was the Harvey's duiker, a relatively widespread forest antelope. Similarly, we found a moderate positive effect of the firewood collection ban on only the suni, another common antelope, and a negative effect on a large opportunistic rodent, the giant‐pouched rat. Importantly, we found evidence of temporal stability in occurrence probability for all species over the 8‐year study period. Our findings suggest that well‐managed PAs can sustain mammal populations in tropical forests. However, variability among species in their responses to anthropogenic disturbance necessitates consideration in the design of conservation action plans for multiple taxa.