bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescent Adversity, School Attendance and Academic Achievement: School Connection and the Potential for Mitigating Risk
Authors: Duke Naomi N. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may be particularly impactful for the learning environment. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between ACEs and 3 education‐related outcomes, no plan to graduate, past month unexcused absences, and low academic achievement, outcomes linked to poor prospects for future social status attainment and by extension, health.METHODSData are from 9th and 11th grade participants in the 2016 Minnesota Student Survey (N = 81,885). Logistic regression was used to determine if individual and cumulative measures for 10 types of ACEs were significantly associated with education‐related outcomes in analytic models adjusting for demographic and individual factors. Final analytic models tested for moderation of relationships between ACEs and adverse education outcomes by student school connection. Analyses were stratified by
sex.RESULTSMultiple types of ACEs were significantly associated with each adverse education outcome. Relationships between some types of ACEs and education outcomes were marginally attenuated by school connection.CONCLUSIONSAmong high school students, experiences of adversity were significantly associated with scholastic outcomes that portend limited prospects for health and status attainment in adulthood. Strategies for strengthening student school connection may be relevant for supporting youth resilience, and the potential for better stability in adulthood.
Physical Activity of Secondary School Adolescents at Risk of Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Frömel Karel , Jakubec Lukáš , Groffik Dorota , ChmelÍk František , Svozil Zbyněk , Šafář Michal 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe aim of the study is to analyze the associations between depressive symptoms (DS), well‐being and different types of physical activity (PA) in adolescents.METHODSOverall, 368 girls and 228 boys aged 15‐19 years were involved in the research. To explore the composition of weekly PA, we used the IPAQ‐Long questionnaire, and a pedometer was used to monitor weekly PA. The prevalence of DS was diagnosed by the Bern Subjective Well‐Being Questionnaire and the WHO‐5 Well‐Being Index.RESULTSThe girls and boys who reported the most DS and the lowest level of well‐being had significantly less weekly recreational PA. The girls who reported the fewest DS had a 2.12 times greater odds of meeting the 11,000 steps/day recommendation than did the girls with the most DS, whereas we did not detect statistically significant differences in rates of meeting the recommendation in the boys with distinct levels of
DS.CONCLUSIONSThe study confirms the stronger negative associations between DS and PA, especially among girls. The greatest opportunities for behavioral change in adolescents at the highest risk of DS are in the promotion of recreational
PA.
Heme oxygenase promotes B‐Raf‐dependent melanosphere formation
Authors: Jasmer Kimberly J. , Hou Jie , Mannino Philip , Cheng Jianlin , Hannink Mark 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBiosynthesis and degradation of heme, an iron‐bound protoporphyrin molecule utilized by a wide variety of metabolic processes, are tightly regulated. Two closely related enzymes, heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) and heme oxygenase 2 (HMOX2), degrade free heme to produce carbon monoxide, Fe2+, and biliverdin. HMOX1 expression is controlled via the transcriptional activator, NFE2L2, and the transcriptional repressor, Bach1. Transcription of HMOX1 and other NFE2L2‐dependent genes is increased in response to electrophilic and reactive oxygen species. Many tumor‐derived cell lines have elevated levels of NFE2L2. Elevated expression of NFE2L2‐dependent genes contributes to tumor growth and acquired resistance to therapies. Here, we report a novel role for heme oxygenase activity in melanosphere formation by human melanoma‐derived cell lines. Transcriptional induction of HMOX1 through derepression of Bach1 or transcriptional activation of HMOX2 by oncogenic B‐RafV600E results in increased melanosphere formation. Genetic ablation of HMOX1 diminishes melanosphere formation. Further, inhibition of heme oxygenase activity with tin protoporphyrin markedly reduces melanosphere formation driven by either Bach1 derepression or B‐RafV600E expression. Global transcriptome analyses implicate genes involved in focal adhesion and extracellular matrix interactions in melanosphere formation.
Leviathan Awakens: Gas Finds, Energy Governance, and the Emergence of the Eastern Mediterranean as a Geopolitical Region
Authors: Goldthau Andreas C. , Richert Joern , Stetter Stephan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article explores the role of energy in regionalization processes, assessing the case of natural gas finds in the Eastern Mediterranean (East Med). It makes three observations. First, we show that energy resources are a defining factor in shaping a region by rearranging the interactions and networks of actors involved in regionalization processes. Second, we demonstrate that such “energization” processes are not only—and not even primarily—attributable to security practices pursued by state actors. Regionalization underpinned by energy as the key governance object is characterized by a variety of actors, including governments, but also international energy companies, investors, consumers, and regulators. Third, we posit that regionalization processes cannot be fully understood without appreciating the importance of existing global and regional governance frameworks and the values ascribed to the physical resource by international market forces. The findings call on International Relations to go beyond analyzing the East Med energy region through the prism of security studies, which arguably is a function of both theoretical path dependence and a lack of attention to the insights from energy studies. Instead, a multidisciplinary research agenda promises to strengthen academic inquiry into regionalization dynamics in the East Med and the role of regions in world politics more broadly.
Development of a re‐aeration equation for the simulation of dissolved oxygen in degraded streams
Authors: Arora Sameer , Keshari Ashok K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDischarge of domestic and industrial wastewater into the water bodies is the prime source of degradation of the freshwater ecosystem. Re‐aeration of the river allows the rejuvenation of river water quality by absorbing oxygen from the atmosphere at the air‐water interface. An accurate estimation of the re‐aeration coefficient helps to determine the assimilative capacity of streams and wastewater management also. This paper aims to develop the re‐aeration equation and its validation by modelling dissolved oxygen of the Yamuna River. Predictive re‐aeration equations are used to identify their applicability to the study area and the new equation is designed using multivariate statistical regression techniques. QUAL2Kw model is used to validate the equation by modelling dissolved oxygen. Results indicate that the developed equation performs better than the predictive re‐aeration equations for the prediction of water quality.
Removal of selected antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs during post‐treatment of municipal wastewater with UV, UV/chlorine and UV/hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Ngumba Elijah , Gachanja Anthony , Tuhkanen Tuula 
Published: June 2020

AbstractActive pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are only partially removed by convectional wastewater treatment plants. This study aimed at assessing the post‐treatment degradation of selected antibiotics and antiretroviral drugs by direct UV photolysis and advanced oxidation processes (UV/H2O2 and UV/Cl2) using low‐pressure mercury lamp. The rate of degradation largely followed pseudo first‐order reaction kinetics. Amongst the six studied APIs, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and zidovudine were readily degraded by more than 90% using direct UV photolysis. Addition of Cl2 and H2O2 to the UV process led to an increase in the rate of degradation for all the compounds. The effectiveness UV/Cl2 process was affected to a greater extent by the background effluent organic matter. This implies that higher electrical energy and oxidant would be required in the UV/Cl2 process relative to UV/H2O2 process. Generally, electrical energy required to remove 90% of the target compounds increased in the order UV/H2O2 < UV/Cl2 < UV processes.
Hydrological impact assessment on permeable road pavement with subsurface precast micro‐detention pond
Authors: Bateni Norazlina , Lai Sai Hin , Putuhena Frederik Josep , Mah Darrien Yau Seng , Mannan Md Abdul , Chin Ren Jie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to study stormwater management potential of new permeable pavement with subsurface micro‐detention storage (PPDS) at low‐speed residential suburban area. The main features incorporated permeable pavement of a hollow micro cylinder precast structure with solid hexagon precast concrete as top and bottom covers. The purpose of hollow micro detention design is for rainwater holding and void between the sets is for self‐drying through the side and bottom seepage during rain. The hydrological parameters were obtained from laboratory rainfall simulator experiment. The performance was evaluated via simulation with Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The outcomes from the physical model matched well with SWMM. A case study was then developed to assess the hydrological impact of PPDS with the existing condition and other types of permeable pavements. Significant variance was observed, where PPDS displayed its best hydrological performances for stormwater management with the presence of subsurface detention storage.
Use of an electronic decision support tool to reduce polypharmacy in elderly people with chronic diseases: cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rieckert Anja , Reeves David , Altiner Attila , Drewelow Eva , Esmail Aneez , Flamm Maria , Hann Mark , Johansson Tim , Klaassen-Mielke Renate , Kunnamo Ilkka , Löffler Christin , Piccoliori Giuliano , Sommerauer Christina , Trampisch Ulrike S , Vögele Anna , Woodham Adrine , Sönnichsen Andreas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effects of a computerised decision support tool for comprehensive drug review in elderly people with polypharmacy.

Design
Pragmatic, multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial.

Setting
359 general practices in Austria, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom.

Participants
3904 adults aged 75 years and older using eight or more drugs on a regular basis, recruited by their general practitioner.

Intervention
A newly developed electronic decision support tool comprising a comprehensive drug review to support general practitioners in deprescribing potentially inappropriate and non-evidence based drugs. Doctors were randomly allocated to either the electronic decision support tool or to provide treatment as usual.

Main outcome measures
The primary outcome was the composite of unplanned hospital admission or death by 24 months. The key secondary outcome was reduction in the number of drugs.

Results

3904 adults were enrolled between January and October 2015. 181 practices and 1953 participants were assigned to electronic decision support (intervention group) and 178 practices and 1951 participants to treatment as usual (control group). The primary outcome (composite of unplanned hospital admission or death by 24 months) occurred in 871 (44.6%) participants in the intervention group and 944 (48.4%) in the control group. In an intention-to-treat analysis the odds ratio of the composite outcome was 0.88 (95% confidence interval 0.73 to 1.07; P=0.19, 997 of 1953
v
1055 of 1951). In an analysis restricted to participants attending practice according to protocol, a difference was found favouring the intervention (odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; 774 of 1682
v
873 of 1712, P=0.03). By 24 months the number of prescribed drugs had decreased in the intervention group compared with control group (uncontrolled mean change −0.42
v
0.06: adjusted mean difference −0.45, 95% confidence interval −0.63 to −0.26; P<0.001).

Conclusions
In intention-to-treat analysis, a computerised decision support tool for comprehensive drug review of elderly people with polypharmacy showed no conclusive effects on the composite of unplanned hospital admission or death by 24 months. Nonetheless, a reduction in drugs was achieved without detriment to patient outcomes.

Trial registration

Current Controlled Trials
ISRCTN10137559
.
Immunomodulation to enhance the efficacy of an HPV therapeutic vaccine
Authors: Smalley Rumfield Claire , Pellom Samuel T , Morillon II Y Maurice , Schlom Jeffrey , Jochems Caroline 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundWhile prophylactic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines will certainly reduce the incidence of HPV-associated cancers, these malignancies remain a major health issue. PDS0101 is a liposomal-based HPV therapeutic vaccine consisting of the immune activating cationic lipid R-DOTAP and HLA-unrestricted HPV16 peptides that has shown in vivo CD8+ T cell induction and safety in a phase I study. In this report, we have employed the PDS0101 vaccine with two immune modulators previously characterized in preclinical studies and which are currently in phase II clinical trials. Bintrafusp alfa (M7824) is a first-in-class bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domains of the transforming growth factor-β receptor type II (TGFβRII) fused to a human IgG1monoclonal antibody blocking programmed cell death protein-1 ligand (PDL1), designed both as a checkpoint inhibitor and to bring the TGFβRII ‘trap’ to the tumor microenvironment (TME). NHS-interleukin-12 (NHS-IL12) is a tumor targeting immunocytokine designed to bring IL-12 to the TME and thus enhance the inflammatory Th1 response.MethodsWe employed TC-1 carcinoma (expressing HPV16 E6 and E7 and devoid of PDL1 expression) in a syngeneic mouse model in monotherapy and combination therapy studies to analyze antitumor effects and changes in immune cell types in the spleen and the TME.ResultsAs a monotherapy, the PDS0101 vaccine generated HPV-specific T cells and antitumor activity in mice bearing HPV-expressing mEER oropharyngeal and TC-1 lung carcinomas. When used as a monotherapy in the TC-1 model, NHS-IL12 elicited antitumor effects as well as an increase in CD8+ T cells in the TME. When used as a monotherapy, bintrafusp alfa did not elicit antitumor effects or any increase in T cells in the TME. When all three agents were used in combination, maximum antitumor effects were observed, which correlated with increases in T cells and T-cell clonality in the TME.ConclusionThese studies provide the rationale for the potential clinical use of combinations of agents that can (1) induce tumor-associated T-cell responses, (2) potentiate immune responses in the TME and (3) reduce immunosuppressive entities in the TME.
Combined DLL3-targeted bispecific antibody with PD-1 inhibition is efficient to suppress small cell lung cancer growth
Authors: Chen Xin , Amar Norhan , Zhu Yuankui , Wang Chunguang , Xia Chunjiao , Yang Xiaoqing , Wu Dongde , Feng Mingqian 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 15% of lung cancers, and the primary treatment of this malignancy is chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Delta-like 3 (DLL3) is an attractive target for SCLC immunotherapy since its expression is highly restricted to SCLC with a neglectable appearance on normal adult tissues. In the current study, we aimed to explore the efficacy of DLL3-targeted SCLC immunotherapy via the engagement of T cell.MethodsAs a proof of concept, we constructed DLL3-targeted bispecific antibody and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells. In vitro and in vivo tumor-suppression activity of these treatments alone or in combination with a Program Death-1 (PD-1) inhibitory antibody was evaluated.ResultsIn vitro studies showed that both DLL3 bispecific antibody and CAR-T efficiently killed DLL3-positive cancer cells, including the native SCLC cell lines H446, H196, H82, and the artificial A431 cells that were forcefully overexpressing DLL3. In vivo studies in xenograft mouse models demonstrated that both bispecific antibody and CAR-T suppressed the tumor growth, and combination therapy with PD-1 inhibitory antibody dramatically improved the efficacy of the DLL3 bispecific antibody, but not the CAR-T cells.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that DLL3-targeted bispecific antibody plus PD-1 inhibition was effective in controlling SCLC growth.
MC-Safe
Authors: Bai Yunhao , Zheng Kuangyu , Wang Zejiang , Wang Xiaorui , Wang Junmin 
Published: June 2020

In a Vehicular Cyber Physical System (VCPS), ensuring the real-time delivery of safety messages is an important research problem for Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication. Unfortunately, existing work relies only on one or two pre-selected control channels for safety message communication, which can result in poor packet delivery and potential accident when the vehicle density is high. If all the available channels can be dynamically utilized when the control channel is having severe contention, then safety messages can have a much better chance to meet their real-time deadlines.
In this article, we propose MC-Safe, a multi-channel V2V communication framework that monitors all the available channels and dynamically selects the best one for safety message transmission. During normal driving, MC-Safe monitors periodic beacons sent by other vehicles and estimates the communication delay on all the channels. Upon the detection of a potential accident, MC-Safe leverages a novel channel negotiation scheme that allows all the involved vehicles to work collaboratively, in a distributed manner, for identifying a communication channel that meets the delay requirement. MC-safe also features a novel coordinator selection algorithm that minimizes the delay of channel negotiation. Once a channel is selected, all the involved vehicles switch to the same selected channel for real-time communication with the least amount of interference. Our evaluation results both in simulation and on a hardware testbed with scaled cars show that MC-Safe outperforms existing single-channel solutions and other well-designed multi-channel baselines by having a 23.4% lower packet delay on average compared with other well-designed channel selection baselines.
Open-label, Phase I Study of Nivolumab Combined with nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wainberg Zev A. , Hochster Howard S. , Kim Edward J. , George Ben , Kaylan Aparna , Chiorean E. Gabriela , Waterhouse David M. , Guiterrez Martin , Parikh Aparna , Jain Rishi , Carrizosa Daniel Ricardo , Soliman Hatem H. , Lila Thomas , Reiss David J. , Pierce Daniel W. , Bhore Rafia , Banerjee Sibabrata , Lyons Larry , Louis Chrystal U. , Ong Teng Jin , O'Dwyer Peter J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Assess safety and efficacy of nivolumab plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine in patients with locally advanced/metastatic pancreatic cancer in a two-part, open-label, phase I trial.

Patients and Methods:
Fifty chemotherapy-naive patients received nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 plus gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 (days 1, 8, and 15) and nivolumab 3 mg/kg (days 1 and 15) in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoints were dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs; part 1) and grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) or treatment discontinuation due to TEAEs (parts 1/2). Secondary efficacy endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and response. Assessment of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was an exploratory endpoint; additional biomarkers were assessed post hoc.

Results:
One DLT (hepatitis) was reported in part 1 among six DLT-evaluable patients; 48 of 50 patients experienced grade 3/4 TEAEs and 18 discontinued treatment due to TEAEs. One grade 5 TEAE (respiratory failure) was reported. Median [95% confidence interval (CI)] PFS/OS was 5.5 (3.25–7.20 months)/9.9 (6.74–12.16 months) months, respectively [median follow-up for OS, 13.6 months (95% CI, 12.06–23.49 months)]. Overall response rate (95% CI) was 18% (8.6%–31.4%). Median PFS/OS was 5.5/9.7 months (PD-L1 &lt;5%) and 6.8/11.6 months (PD-L1 ≥5%), respectively. Proportion of peripheral Ki67+ CD8+/CD4+ cells increased significantly from baseline to cycle 3; median peak on-treatment Ki67+ CD8+ T-cell values were higher in responders than in nonresponders.

Conclusions:
The safety profile of nivolumab plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine at standard doses in advanced pancreatic cancer was manageable, with no unexpected safety signals. Overall, the clinical results of this study do not support further investigation.
True power loss reduction by augmented mine blast algorithm
Authors: Lenin Kanagasabai 
Published: June 2020

In this paper, Mine Blast Algorithm (MBA) has been intermingled with Harmony Search (HS) algorithm for solving optimal reactive power dispatch problem. MBA is based on explosion of landmines and HS is based on Creativeness progression of musicians – both are hybridized to solve the problem. In MBA Initial distance of shrapnel pieces are reduced gradually to allow the mine bombs search the probable global minimum location in order to amplify the global explore capability. Harmony search (HS) imitates the music creativity process where the musicians supervise their instruments’ pitch by searching for a best state of harmony. Hybridization of Mine Blast Algorithm with Harmony Search algorithm (MH) improves the search effectively in the solution space. Mine blast algorithm improves the exploration and harmony search algorithm augments the exploitation. At first the proposed algorithm starts with exploration &amp; gradually it moves to the phase of exploitation. Proposed Hybridized Mine Blast Algorithm with Harmony Search algorithm (MH) has been tested on standard IEEE 14, 300 bus test systems. Real power loss has been reduced considerably by the proposed algorithm. Then Hybridized Mine Blast Algorithm with Harmony Search algorithm (MH) tested in IEEE 30, bus system (with considering voltage stability index)- real power loss minimization, voltage deviation minimization, and voltage stability index enhancement has been attained.
Integrative taxonomy of the willow cyst nematode, Heterodera salixophila Kirjanova, 1969, a new record of the Humuli group from Iran
Authors: Rezaee Danesh Younes , Mokaram Hesar Abbas , Ghaderi Reza 
Published: June 2020

Summary
Whilst investigating plant-parasitic nematodes in Urmia City, West Azerbaijan, Iran, soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of willow trees (Salix babylonica) known to have a population of cyst nematodes. Morphological, numerical and molecular approaches revealed that this population represented the willow cyst nematode, Heterodera salixophila, the first report of this species from Iran. Reproduction of the nematode on S. babylonica was confirmed by inoculating 5000 viable eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2) per kg soil on 2-year-old seedlings of S. babylonica grown in pots containing sterilised soil and incubated under glasshouse conditions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis of morphometric characters of J2 and vulval plates of species within the Humuli group supported the separation of H. salixophila from other species in this group. In the ITS-rRNA phylogenetic tree, the Iranian population of H. salixophila formed a cluster with two other populations of the species from Belgium and Ukraine, while in the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA tree, it grouped with a population from Belgium as a basal clade in the Humuli group.