bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditional effects of the epigenetic regulator JUMONJI 14 in Arabidopsis root growth
Authors: Cattaneo Pietro , Graeff Moritz , Marhava Petra , Hardtke Christian S. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Methylation of lysine 4 in histone 3 (H3K4) is a post-translational modification that promotes gene expression. H3K4 methylation can be reversed by specific demethylases with an enzymatic Jumonji C domain. In Arabidopsis thaliana, H3K4-specific JUMONJI (JMJ) proteins distinguish themselves by the association with an F/Y-rich (FYR) domain. Here, we report that jmj14 mutations partially suppress reduced root meristem size and growth vigor of brevis radix (brx) mutants. Similar to its close homologs, JMJ15, JMJ16 and JMJ18, the JMJ14 promoter confers expression in mature root vasculature. Yet, unlike jmj14, neither jmj16 nor jmj18 mutation markedly suppresses brx phenotypes. Domain-swapping experiments suggest that the specificity of JMJ14 function resides in the FYR domain. Despite JMJ14 promoter activity in the mature vasculature, jmj14 mutation affects root meristem size. However, JMJ14 protein is observed throughout the meristem, suggesting that the JMJ14 transcript region contributes substantially to the spatial aspect of JMJ14 expression. In summary, our data reveal a role for JMJ14 in root growth in sensitized genetic backgrounds that depends on its FYR domain and regulatory input from the JMJ14 cistron.
Altered in vitro muscle differentiation in X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy
Authors: Fernandes Stephanie A. , Almeida Camila F. , Souza Lucas S. , Lazar Monize , Onofre-Oliveira Paula , Yamamoto Guilherme L. , Nogueira Letícia , Tasaki Letícia Y. , Cardoso Rafaela R. , Pavanello Rita C. M. , Silva Helga C. A. , Ferrari Merari F. R. , Bigot Anne , Mouly Vincent , Vainzof Mariz 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy (XMEA) is a genetic disease associated with weakness of the proximal muscles. It is caused by mutations in the VMA21 gene, coding for a chaperone that functions in the vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase) assembly. Mutations associated with lower content of assembled v-ATPases lead to an increase in lysosomal pH, culminating in partial blockage of macroautophagy, with accumulation of vacuoles of undigested content. Here, we studied a 5-year-old boy affected by XMEA, caused by a small indel in the VMA21 gene. Detection of sarcoplasmic Lc3 (also known as MAP1LC3B)-positive vacuoles in his muscle biopsy confirmed an autophagy defect. To understand how autophagy is regulated in XMEA myogenesis, we used patient-derived muscle cells to evaluate autophagy during in vitro muscle differentiation. An increase in lysosomal pH was observed in the patient's cells, compatible with predicted functional defect of his mutation. Additionally, there was an increase in autophagic flux in XMEA myotubes. Interestingly, we observed that differentiation of XMEA myoblasts was altered, with increased myotube formation observed through a higher fusion index, which was not dependent on lysosomal acidification. Moreover, no variation in the expression of myogenic factors nor the presence of regenerating fibers in the patient's muscle were observed. Myoblast fusion is a tightly regulated process; therefore, the uncontrolled fusion of XMEA myoblasts might generate cells that are not as functional as normal muscle cells. Our data provide new evidence on the reason for predominant muscle involvement in the context of the XMEA phenotype.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
The Effect of Adaptive Sports on Individuals with Acquired Neurological Disabilities and Its Role in Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Declerck Louise , Kaux Jean-François , Vanderthommen Marc , Lejeune Thierry , Stoquart Gaëtan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aims of this systematic review were to report on the feasibility of adaptive sports for individuals with acquired central neurological lesion; to analyze the effects of this approach according to the domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Health and Disability (ICF); and to emit guiding points for future research. Two authors searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Pedro, and SPORTdiscus for eligible trials. Data concerning demographics, outcome measures, results, and conclusions were extracted, and a qualitative synthesis was performed. Adaptive sports seem to be a feasible, efficient, and cost-effective complement to conventional rehabilitation. Significant effects were found on all domains of the ICF, except “environmental factors.” Key factors, such as intervention volume, intensity, and type, play a determining role. This review is the first to expose the beneficial effects of adaptive sports practice among individuals with neurological lesions by relying on prospective evidence.
Cycling Biomechanics Optimization—the (R) Evolution of Bicycle Fitting
Authors: Swart Jeroen , Holliday Wendy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Optimal bicycle configuration has been the topic of numerous studies. A majority of these have investigated the optimal saddle height and have used either static kinematics or two-dimensional kinematic measurements. Other joints, such as the hip, shoulder, and elbow joint, have not been investigated to any meaningful extent. There is, therefore, a paucity of data describing the optimal position of the upper body and pelvis in cycling. More recently, it has been recommended that bike fitting be conducted in a dynamic functional manner, as kinematics can be influenced by cycling workload. Full-body three-dimensional kinematics and saddle pressure are newer modalities available to the clinician. This review of the literature investigates the current research pertaining to the configuration of all components of the bicycle, from static methods to dynamic methods, and related to optimal performance and injury prevention. Setting the saddle height using the Holmes static method is optimal for injury prevention and performance. Guidelines for optimal bicycle configuration should take into account the training intensity when assessing kinematics as compensatory lower-limb kinematics occur during higher-power outputs. Optimal KFA using dynamic measurements should range from 33° to 43° at low intensity to 30° to 40° at high intensity when measured at the bottom dead center crank position. Saddle pressure mapping should ideally be performed at an intensity similar to what cyclists will encounter during the majority of their training and racing. Reference values and recommendations for dynamic assessments are still required for all other joints. Furthermore, intrinsic factors, such as training load and flexibility, which may affect bicycle configuration and performance, should be investigated to assess how these may influence the optimal bicycle configuration.
Is there an oligometastatic state in pancreatic cancer? Practical clinical considerations raise the question
Authors: Scorsetti Marta , Comito Tiziana , Franceschini Davide , Franzese Ciro , Prete Maria Giuseppina , D'Alessio Antonio , Bozzarelli Silvia , Rimassa Lorenza , Santoro Armando 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
To evaluate the role of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as a local ablative treatment (LAT) in oligometastatic pancreatic cancer.

Methods:
Patients affected by histologically confirmed stage IV pancreatic adenocarcinoma were included in this analysis. Endpoints are local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results:
From 2013 to 2017, a total of 41 patients were treated with SBRT on 64 metastases. Most common sites of disease were lung (29.3%) and liver (56.1%). LC at 1 and 2 years were 88.9% (95% CI 73.2–98.6) and 73.9% (95% CI 50–87.5), respectively. Median LC was 39.9 months (95% CI 23.3—not reached).
PFS rates at 1 and 2 years were 21.9% (95% CI 10.8–35.4) and 10.9% (95% CI 3.4–23.4), respectively. Median PFS was 5.4 months (95%CI 3.1–11.3).
OS rates at 1 and 2 years were 79.9% (95% CI 63.7–89.4) and 46.7% (95% CI 29.6–62.2). Median OS was 23 months (95%CI 14.1–31.8).

Conclusions:
Our results, although based on a retrospective analysis of a small number of patients, show that patients with oligometastatic pancreatic cancer may benefit from local treatment with SBRT. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these results.

Advances in knowledge:
Selected patients affected by oligometastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma can benefit from local ablative approaches, like SBRT
Evaluation of the liver with virtual non-contrast: single institution study in 149 patients undergoing TAVR planning
Authors: Laukamp Kai Roman , Lennartz Simon , Ho Vivian , Große Hokamp Nils , Zopfs David , Gupta Amit , Graner Frank Philipp , Borggrefe Jan , Gilkeson Robert , Ramaiya Nikhil 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
To evaluate accuracy of virtual-non-contrast images (VNC) compared to true-unenhanced-images (TNC) for evaluation of liver attenuation acquired using spectral-detector CT (SDCT).

Methods:
149 patients who underwent multiphase transcatheter-aortic-valve-replacement (TAVR) SDCT-examinations [unenhanced-chest (TNC), CT-angiography chest (CTA-chest, early arterial-phase) and abdomen (CTA-abdomen, additional early arterial-phase after a second injection of contrast media)] were retrospectively included. VNC of CTA-chest (VNC-chest) and CTA-abdomen (VNC-abdomen) were reconstructed and compared to TNC. Region of interest-based measurement of mean attenuation (Hounsfield unit, HU) was applied in the following regions: liver, spleen, abdominal aorta and paraspinal muscle.

Results:
VNC accuracy was high in the liver, spleen, abdominal aorta and muscle for abdomen-scanning. For the liver, average attenuation was 59.0 ± 9.1 HU for TNC and 72.6 ± 9.5 HU for CTA-abdomen. Liver attenuation in VNC-abdomen (59.1 ± 6.4 HU) was not significantly different from attenuation in TNC (p &gt; 0.05). In contrast, VNC was less accurate for chest-scanning: Due to the protocol, in CTA-chest no contrast media was present in the liver parenchyma as indicated by the same attenuation in TNC (59.0 ± 9.1 HU) and CTA-chest (58.8 ± 8.9 HU, p &gt; 0.05). Liver attenuation in VNC-chest (56.2 ± 6.4 HU, p &lt; 0.05) was, however, significantly lower than in TNC and CTA-chest implying an artificial reduction of attenuation.

Conclusion:
VNC performed well in a large cohort of TAVR-examinations yielding equivalent mean attenuations to TNC; however, application of this technique might be limited when no or very little contrast media is present in parenchyma, more precisely in an early arterial-phase of the liver.

Advances in knowledge:
This study showed that VNC can be reliably applied in cardiac protocols when certain limitations are considered
Guerra às drogas?
Authors: Ferrugem Daniela 
Published: December 2019

O artigo em tela pretende abordar a guerra às drogas, debatendo os sustentáculos racistas desta guerra e a manutenção da hierarquia racial que ela provoca. Para isso, se deterá em duas dimensões da política proibicionista e belicista brasileira de combate às drogas, o genocídio e o encarceramento da população negra. Palavras-Chave: racismo; guerra às drogas; genocídio da juventude negra; superencarceramento.
Os novos manicômios a céu aberto: cidade, racismo e loucura
Authors: Menegat Elizete Maria , Duarte Marco José de Oliveira , Ferreira Vanessa De Fátima 
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a indissociável transversalidade de certos fatores que configuram o perfil do louco na atualidade. Nesse sentido, consideramos, primeiramente, a cidade e os processos de urbanização conduzidos pelo moderno sistema capitalista como quadro socioespacial no qual a miséria e a loucura em massa emergiram e se estruturaram como fenômenos permanentes. Nas periferias, tais como o Brasil, que foram colonizadas pelo sistema capitalista mundial com base na escravidão da força de trabalho africana, a loucura persistiu, em todas as épocas, como doença dos pobres e negros. Na atualidade, quando a taxa de urbanização brasileira aproxima-se de 90% e coincide com a crise estrutural do sistema, observamos que a loucura tem maior incidência nos negros, os quais se encontram majoritariamente concentrados nas densas periferias das cidades, com os piores indicadores de habitação, emprego, renda, escolaridade e submetidos a toda sorte de violência. Palavras-Chave: cidade; racismo; loucura; capitalismo; raça negra.
Do multidisciplinary teams make a difference to the quality of medical care?
Authors: Marsden Sam , Dunbar Liam , Sandiford Nemandra 
Published: December 2019

One of the major modern advances in the organization and delivery of health care has been the introduction of multidisciplinary team management. This approach has reduced mortality levels in patients suffering with cancer and other complex multiorgan pathologies. Many centres of excellence and teaching hospitals have established multidisciplinary teams in order to streamline treatment pathways and optimize patient care. This article presents an overview of multidisciplinary teams, their history, their introduction into mainstream medical care and the issues resulting from their introduction to the treating organizations as well as clinicians.
Is the General Medical Council in need of revalidation?
Authors: de Silva Prasanna 
Published: December 2019

The General Medical Council was originally set up to ‘protect, promote and maintain the health and safety of the public’. In 2012, the Privy Council instructed the General Medical Council to set up and run a licensing and revalidation system for all practicing doctors in the UK, to protect patients from actions of medical staff. Despite this mandate, the General Medical Council has been a bystander in a series of regulatory failures. Without these episodes having been highlighted by family members, public investigations would not have been carried out. The maintenance of medical performance is delegated to NHS employers, which could cause conflicts of interests when employers have to investigate doctors as part of a team. The other responsibility of the General Medical Council is to monitor teaching standards and curricula of medical schools in the UK, which it does by eliciting feedback from students and trainees. The General Medical Council has not responded to ‘new ways of working’ (especially in England) involving non-medical staff undertaking tasks previously carried out by doctors. Furthermore, the General Medical Council has not updated its description of the role of the future doctor in light of increasing use of technology, use or non-use of which could both be considered to be evidence of poor practice.
Non-human labyrinths: Roots and additional other than human formation methods
Authors: Sier André 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Within the context of exploring new electronic arts' aesthetic regions and unexampled connections between generative art, games and mythology, my practical artistic research was led to focus on labyrinthine structures as exquisite legendary spatial gaming devices and as possible pathways to gain deeper humane insights, resulting into discoveries of original methods of labyrinth formation by means other than human. Labyrinths and mazes are inextricable paths, human made millennial structures that provide spatial challenges often connected with feedback, compression, entanglement and hyper complexification of goal oriented displacement. They are perhaps the most ancient example of structure for spatial and serious games. Novel methods for labyrinth creation – non-human methods – are introduced and exemplified through artistic constructs. These new methods utilize non-human bioelectronic techniques and are initially grouped into three distinct sub-categories: the 'open' method, the 'mathematical flower' method, the 'animal' method. Four case examples of artistic non-human labyrinths resorting to the introduced novel methods are explored: k. video games (2007, 2010), Wolfanddotcom video game (2017), 8-bit Maze Gardens vegetable paintings (2018–present), Ant Ennae Labyrinths bio-electronic apparatus (2019–present).
Reflections on repetition, abstraction and transformation
Authors: Heurling Julia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
According to Encyclopaedia Britannica, abstraction refers to the cognitive process of isolating, or 'abstracting', a common feature or relationship observed in a number of things, or the product of such a process. New World Encyclopaedia describe abstraction in philosophical terminology as the thought process wherein ideas are distanced from objects. Abstraction uses a strategy of simplification that ignores formerly concrete details or leaves them ambiguous, vague or undefined. Abstract thinking, as opposed to concrete thinking, has no application in 'the real world' unless adapted to certain circumstances. For this reason, abstract thinking can be regarded as limited in capacity to affect change. Yet, abstract thinking can be seen as a basis for major transformation. Problem solving often involves combining abstract and concrete reasoning. This article will reflect on how abstract thinking can be seen as a basis for transformation. Drawing from examples from my own artistic practice, I will look at how repetition, as a means of abstract thinking, can be seen as a tool for bridging and repositioning perspectives.
Plant Portraits: Creative processes, communication and the search for new paradigms1
Authors: Leao Lucia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
What can we learn from plants? Which forms of intelligence and knowledge can we discover by dedicating ourselves to understanding the life of a plant, its characteristics, interactions with the environment and cultural narratives? This article aims to bridge recent studies in plant intelligence, Semiotics and creative processes. Departing form the idea that the world arrived at a critical situation and the planet Earth cannot continue being exploited as an infinite source, we argue that it is necessary to promote transformations in our culture, abandoning the anthropocentric framework and looking for new perspectives. In this sense, connecting communication, art, science and education, the purpose of Plant Portraits is to create experiences and propitiate encounters that catalyse the awakening of an expanded and integrated consciousness.
The microbiome biosphere as an artistic resource
Authors: Moreira Patrícia R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The microbiome has become one of the most recognizable research subjects and presences in the headlines of news and scientific articles published in almost every biological science area in the last few years. The steady decline in the price of DNA sequencing has enabled metagenomics, community analysis and genome sequencing to enter routine research in microbiology and biotechnology laboratories all around the world. The already open access to national and international databases that include nucleotide (including full genomes) and protein sequences such as GenBank or EMBL-Bank and a multitude of free bioinformatic software resources accessible online, along with the international efforts towards open science publication and open data, allow the possibility of the microbiome and microbiota to be envisaged as a potential data and material resource for new media art projects especially for artists interested in biological processes. Recent results on the creation of synthetic life that are already testing the boundaries of life could be another approach for the creative exploration of microbiology and microbial processes from the artistic point of view. This article will attempt to uncover and reflect on the potential for further exploration of this resource.
Nanosyntax and syncretism in multidimensional paradigms
Authors: Taraldsen Knut Tarald 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article discusses certain problems that arise when the basic tenets of Nansyntax are employed in an analysis of syncretism patterns in multidimensional paradigms and presents and evaluate different solutions to these problems. The article is intended as a follow-up to my article an introduction to Nanosyntax.
Sculpture and the Sense of Place
Authors: Lorentzen Jakob Due 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article proposes a direction—inspired by a reading of Heidegger’s reflections on sculpture— in which thinking enriched by artistic experience can unfold an alternative mode of being-in-the-world. Heidegger points out that, in contrast to a scientific understanding of space as an empty container, the special character of space in sculpture is characterized by a clearing-away (Räumen), which presupposes and points to an open, receptive attitude toward experience that is necessary for dwelling to take place. From Heidegger this article proceeds to reflect on artworks by Eduardo Chillida and Janet Echelman. These offer concrete examples of how a thinking of sculpture can apply to different notions of place. While Chillida’s sculptures present a sense of place as rooted and embedded in the landscape, Echelman’s artworks explore an expanded notion of place through a multisensory sense of immersion. Applying Heidegger’s meditations on Räumen, it turns out that the differences between these artworks are of greatest significance in illustrating the breadth of the experiential space that they share: an openness to dwelling and a receptivity toward being-in-the-world. In this way, Heidegger’s reflections on sculpture are unfolded in a contemporary context and the potential of sculpture for a thinking of experience is established.
Migrant Voices in the Polish Classroom: Canadian Literature on the Tertiary Level of Education
Authors: Drewniak Dagmara 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper explores the possibilities of introducing contemporary Canadian texts into a Polish university classroom. It contextualizes teaching English language literature in Poland as well as seeks options for promoting values such as openness and tolerance while facilitating global reading and raising students’ awareness on global conflicts and their meaning in the contemporaneous world. The paper aims at demonstrating that Canadian literature courses composed of texts concerned with immigration and multiculturalism turn out to have an enormous potential in creating valuable debates on the problem of embracing otherness, seeking bridges in mutual understanding, and promoting openness towards different identities. On the basis of close readings of three texts, M. Ondaatje’sThe English Patient, A.J. Borkowski’sCopernicus Avenue, and E. Stachniak’sNecessary Lies, the present article also demonstrates how Canadian literature enriches and rescales students’ perception of cultural heterogeneity and responsibility of reading, thus offering new perspectives on the rapidly changing world.