bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Investigation of Provers' Experiences of Participation in Homeopathic Pathogenetic Trials
Authors: Dymitr Zofia , Partington Hazel , Duckworth Jean 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Information on homeopathic medicines is derived from “provings” or homeopathic pathogenetic trials (HPTs), in which people (often homeopaths and homeopathy students) are invited to take an unnamed and often untested highly diluted and serially succussed substance, and record in detail their experiences and perceived effects. HPTs are assumed to have an “excellent safety record”, but there has been no academic research to date into provers' experiences of participating in an HPT.
Aims This qualitative study aimed to explore the lived experience of participation in an HPT. It is hoped that the results from this study will inform the future conduct of HPTs.
Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted in person, by phone or via Skype, according to the interviewees' preferences. Thematic analysis was used for the generation of themes.
Results Eight former provers were interviewed from across the European Union (EU) and Australia. Of these, seven were practicing homeopaths and one was not a practitioner. Overarching themes were identified as: (1) the ethical conduct of HPTs, and (2) the impact of participation in HPTs.
Conclusion Former provers who participated in this study reported enthusiasm for, and trust in, the proving process. However, some also reported adverse events, which varied in intensity and duration. The process of gaining fully informed consent for participation in an HPT is complex and there were examples of both failure and inadequacy in terms of informed consent and support mechanisms.
Recommendations The researchers recommend that HPTs are subject to ethical approval processes and that consent is fully informed and ongoing. It is also recommended that appropriate and robust support mechanisms be developed.
Median Nerve Variation: A Complete Spin before Terminal Branching
Authors: Hanna Amgad S. , Wei Zhikui , Hanna Barbara A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMedian nerve anatomy is of great interest to clinicians and scientists given the importance of this nerve and its association with diseases. A rare anatomical variant of the median nerve in the distal forearm and wrist was discovered during a cadaveric dissection. The median nerve was deep to the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) in the carpal tunnel. It underwent a 360-degree spin before emerging at the lateral edge of FDS. The recurrent motor branch moved from medial to lateral on the deep surface of the median nerve, as it approached the distal carpal tunnel. This variant doesn't fall into any of Lanz's four groups of median nerve anomalies. We propose a fifth group that involves variations in the course of the median nerve. This report underscores the importance of recognizing variants of the median nerve anatomy in the forearm and wrist during surgical interventions, such as for carpal tunnel syndrome.
Experiences of Health Care Providers Using a Mobile Medical Photography Application
Authors: Wyatt Kirk D. , Willaert Brian N. , Lohse Christine M. , Pallagi Peter J. , Yiannias James A. , Hellmich Thomas R. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective To understand the ways in which providers use a mobile photography application integrated with the electronic health record (EHR) to facilitate clinical care, and the process outcomes that result from the application's use.
Methods An e-mail survey was sent on November 13, 2017, to 1,463 health care providers at Mayo Clinic who had used an internally developed, EHR-integrated medical photography application.
Results The survey was completed by 712 (49%) providers. Providers reported using the application on approximately 1 in 7 days spent in clinical practice. Median provider satisfaction with the use of the application (0–100 scale; higher numbers indicate favorable response) was 94 (interquartile range [IQR]: 74–100). Although the use for store-and-forward telemedicine was reported (22% often or frequently used the application to send photographs to a specialist for advice), the most common use was for clinical documentation (65% often or frequently used the application to supplement text-based notes with photographs, and 71% often or frequently used the application to take photographs for reference by a colleague who may see the patient in the future). Of the health care providers, 36% indicated that the application's use often or frequently expedited treatment.
Discussion Health care providers reported using a mobile point-of-care medical photography application regularly in clinical practice and were generally satisfied with the application.
Conclusion Point-of-care medical photography using a secure mobile, EHR-integrated application has potential to become a new standard of care for clinical documentation and may facilitate continuity across the continuum of care with multiple providers who see a patient.
Cutaneous Metastasis: A Prelude to a Sinister Outcome
Authors: Pathania Vikas , Sandhu Sunmeet , Tripathy Durga M. , Oberoi Bhavni 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCutaneous metastasis is an uncommon presentation of primary internal malignancy presenting for dermatology cross-referrals with an incidence ranging from 0.7 to 10%. It may be the first presentation of an underlying primary malignancy. The primary may remain unknown in up to 3 to 5% cases. Detailed evaluation of clinical presentation with emphasis on cytomorphological features, immunohistochemistry, and imaging aids in identification of an unknown primary. Incidence of leukemia cutis has been reported to be as high as 22% and is associated with poor prognosis. In majority of the patients, presentation of cutaneous metastasis signifies advanced disease with ominous outcome. It correlates with either treatment failure or reoccurrence of previously treated malignancy. Though cutaneous metastatic lesions are amenable to early visual detection, this entity may be easily mistaken for common dermatological conditions and hence goes unrecognized. Lesions of cutaneous metastasis may bear therapeutic and prognostic implications. Therefore, a very high index of suspicion is warranted to accurately and timely diagnose such manifestations of hidden malignancies. We report three such cases that highlight the protean manifestations of internal malignancies.
Joint training for police and interpreters in specific scenarios
Authors: Norton Irina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The article focuses on this pioneering project, which is still in the early stages but already shows great potential.
In the present market situation in the UK when inexperienced, unqualified and frequently unvetted individuals are allowed to practice, it is crucial for interpreters to differentiate themselves as professionals, which entails Continuing Professional Development. Joint training offers a unique opportunity for police officers and interpreters to share experiences and have meaningful discussions on the daily challenges they face. It provides a number of learning points for police officers and enables best practice for interpreters.
Trunk pitch oscillations for energy trade-offs in bipedal running birds and robots
Authors: Drama Özge , Badri-Spröwitz Alexander 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Bipedal animals have diverse morphologies and advanced locomotion abilities. Terrestrial birds, in particular, display agile, efficient, and robust running motion, in which they exploit the interplay between the body segment masses and moment of inertias. On the other hand, most legged robots are not able to generate such versatile and energy-efficient motion and often disregard trunk movements as a means to enhance their locomotion capabilities. Recent research investigated how trunk motions affect the gait characteristics of humans, but there is a lack of analysis across different bipedal morphologies. To address this issue, we analyze avian running based on a spring-loaded inverted pendulum model with a pronograde (horizontal) trunk. We use a virtual point based control scheme and modify the alignment of the ground reaction forces to assess how our control strategy influences the trunk pitch oscillations and energetics of the locomotion. We derive three potential key strategies to leverage trunk pitch motions that minimize either the energy fluctuations of the center of mass or the work performed by the hip and leg. We suggest how these strategies could be used in legged robotics.
Widespread warming trends in storm temperatures and snowpack fate across the Western United States
Authors: Hu J Michelle , Nolin Anne W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Western United States snowpacks are generated by cold-season storms, yet the vast majority of snow trend studies utilize undifferentiated air temperature records. Previous studies do not distinguish between days with and without precipitation, which effectively dilutes temperature trends relevant for snowpack monitoring. We examined trends in cold-season precipitation and impacts on snow in nine mountain regions across the western United States. Using 33 years of daily meteorological data (1984–2016) from 567 Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) sites and a homogenized daily temperature dataset (TopoWx), we investigated seasonal and regional trends in storm day temperatures, storm day frequency, and resulting snowpack fate. We found widespread warming of 0.4 °C–1.2 °C per decade, especially during the fall and in the Interior West using tests for statistically significant trends. Disaggregation showed that days with precipitation are warming nearly twice as fast as dry days in the fall and winter. We also observed increases in November dry days, increased melt on dry days throughout the accumulation season, spring cooling and declines in daily snowmelt during snow-depleting storm days. These findings demonstrate the importance of disaggregating temperature data to elucidate trends (in storm day frequency, accumulation and melt, and warming and cooling) and their impacts on snow in the western US.
The effect of the mineral supplement “Permait” and vitamin B13 on the productivity of broiler chickens
Authors: Alekseev V A , Yu Nemtseva E , Evdokimov N V , Yu Lavrentiev A , Sherne V S , Petrov N S , Danilova N V 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The article presents the materials obtained in experiments to study the feasibility of using a zeolite-containing additive “Permait” and poorly studied vitamin B13, The results of the experiments showed that the optimal dose of using a zeolite-containing additive in compound feeds is 2% of the dry matter of the feed. At this level, compared with the control, the growth energy of broiler chickens increased by 9.1-10.7 % compared to the control groups. The feeding of this drug contributed to an increase in slaughter of meat in the first experiment by 3.1%, in the second experiment - by 4.6%. Per 1 kg gain in live weight of experimental birds was spent from 2.02 to 2.56 kg of feed. The use of potassium orotate in the composition of complete feed contributed to an increase in the average daily growth of broiler chickens from the experimental groups only by 0.8 - 2.5% relative to the control (p <0.05). Higher rates are obtained with a dose of 10 mg. The slaughter yield of the half-gutted carcass of broiler chickens ranged from 78.1 to 81.2%, and the gutted - 64.7-66.8%.
Non-specific resistance and specific immunogenesis of the body of the bird cross Loman Brown on the background of biostimulation
Authors: Tyurin V , Semenov V , Kozak S , Ivanov N , Koshich O , Tikhonova G , Lyagina E 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPV-1 immunostimulant influence on the parameters of non-specific resistance and specific immunogenesis of bird cross Loman Brown is discussed in the paper. It was established experimentally that feeding chickens by the PV-1 preparation in doses of 0.05 ml/kg, 0.10 and 0.15 ml/kg of body weight, respectively, once a day within 10 days with a 10-day break, with repeating cycles up to 111-day of their age, stimulates the growth and development of young. Immunization of a bird against the background of the use of the immunotropic drug PV-1 is accompanied by an increase in immunity: when chickens are vaccinated against Gumboro disease, the titers of specific antibodies are increased by 53.3%, against Newcastle’s disease - by 50.0% and against egg drop syndrome-76 - by 26.5%. An increase in the egg productivity of laying hens grown on the background of the use of PV-1 was established: egg production for the initial hen increased by 9.2 - 17.8%, egg weight - by 0.5 - 4.6%. Studying the meat productivity of poultry grown on the background of the use of the PV-1 preparation, an increase in the slaughter yield of 1.7–5.0% was established, the yield of edible parts increased by 6 ±3.20 – 155±3.40 g (P <0.001).
Veterinary-sanitary evaluation of fish when applying the Akwa-Biot-Norm nutrient feed additive
Authors: Semenov V , Petryankin F , Kosyaev N , Nikitin D , Nikitina A , Tikhonova G , Grigorieva V 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the data of veterinary-sanitary assessment of the Lena sturgeon grown using the nutrient feed additive Akwa-Biot-Norm. It has been revealed that organoleptic characteristics of fish samples correspond to the benign products. The chemical composition of the muscle tissue of the experimental and control groups of fish was almost the same. The cadmium level in both fish groups was 0.007 mg/kg; the mercury level was 0.00019 mg/kg and 0.00018 mg/kg in the control and in the experimental group respectively, which does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. Microbiological studies of Lena sturgeon meat have shown that the number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms (NMAFAnM) in fish samples does not exceed the safety requirements and nutritional value of food products. Coliform bacteria (BGKP), Staphylococcus, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes were not isolated from all selected samples (control and experimental). The results of the veterinary-sanitary assessment of the Lena sturgeon grown with the use of the nutrient feed additive Akwa-Biot-Norm indicate that the fish meets the requirements of the technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union “On the safety of fish and fish products” (EEU TR 040/2016) and is safe for the consumer.
Management of competitiveness of organizations through improved product quality
Authors: Nechaeva M L , Kutaeva T N , Borovitskaya M V , Semenova A N , Abrosimova M S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Analysis and evaluation of approaches to management of quality of food products, development of directions of their management are shown. Also the goal is selection of tools for transformation of competitive position through the formation of a single evaluation model. The current economic situation in Russia, complicated by economic sanctions, shows the importance of studying consumer preferences for the analysis of product quality at a new level. The development of the market of domestic bakery products is mainly hampered by non-compliance with the basic parameters of non-price competition. Therefore, there is a need to systematize the factors affecting competitiveness, their analysis and ranking, decision-making, taking into account the capabilities of a particular enterprise. The methods of analysis of quality management of bakery products to ensure a competitive position at the regional level are implemented. The most significant parameters influencing formation of consumer preferences and perception of quality of bakery products are defined. The econometric model of dependence of parameters of quality of food products which description allows defining and carrying out coordination of strategic decisions on operational management competitiveness of the enterprises of the food industry is developed.
Mathematical approach to the validation of field surface texture parameter software
Authors: Todhunter Luke , Leach Richard , Lawes Simon , Harris Peter , Blateyron François 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A new method for performance validation of surface texture parameter calculation software is introduced, focussing on field surface texture parameters. Surface height functions are defined mathematically, either using Fourier series or polynomials, and are then input into the surface texture parameter definitions to obtain mathematical parameter values. A series of user-adjustable parametric surface functions are defined that correspond to each surface texture parameter, enabling users to create a variety of surfaces to assess their software whilst still retaining mathematical traceability. This method is expanded to include complex surface textures. Chebyshev polynomials are used to perform numerical calculations of surface texture parameters for a selection of polynomial surface functions. Mathematical reference parameter values are calculated for a series of fifteen predefined surfaces and ten parametric surfaces to assess the performance of the software under test for a given dataset resolution. Assessment of the number of significant figures of the software-obtained values that agree with the reference values is used as a performance metric that enables comparison between different third-party software applications for a given dataset resolution. An assessment of the sampling methods used to create discrete datasets of a mathematical surface function for use with numerical third-party software is performed. Two implementations of surface height sampling are used to create datasets that are input into four third-party surface texture parameter calculation software packages, and the results compared, showing a significant variation in the performance metric values for different sampling methods.
Influence of oxidized ceramics on the tribological properties of Ni60/WC composite coatings
Authors: Wang Xinsheng , Xing Zhiguo , Hou Junjian , Liu Kun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ni-based composite ceramic coatings with good comprehensive performance are obtained by a supersonic plasma spraying process. A ceramic powder is added to a Ni60/WC powder to make the surface of the sprayed sample more uniform and compact. Pores are present on the surface of the two composite ceramic coatings prepared by NiWT(Ni60/WC + TiO2) and NiWA(Ni60/WC + Al2O3), as well as five phase components. In the microscopic morphology of the two composite ceramic coatings, the surface composition of the NiWT coating is relatively uniform and the surface of NiWA exhibits a cluster structure with more pits than NiWT. The friction coefficient of the NiWT coating at 200 r min−1 is between 0.40 and 0.43 and that of the NiWA coating is between 0.35 and 0.38. Simultaneously, the abrasion width and wear volume of the NiWT and NiWA coatings are small compared with the substrate, while the abrasion width and volume of the NiWT coating are smaller. The composite ceramic coatings prepared by the addition of two kinds of oxidized ceramics, through comparative analysis of the experiment, showed that NiWT had an improved surface micro-morphology and wear resistance than NiWA. The wear morphology of NiWT showed a wear mechanism of abrasive particles and the wear morphology of NiWA showed a fatigue wear mechanism.
The consistent burden in published estimates of delirium occurrence in medical inpatients over four decades: a systematic review and meta-analysis study
Authors: Gibb Kate , Seeley Anna , Quinn Terry , Siddiqi Najma , Shenkin Susan , Rockwood Kenneth , Davis Daniel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Delirium is associated with a wide range of adverse patient safety outcomes, yet it remains consistently under-diagnosed. We undertook a systematic review of studies describing delirium in adult medical patients in secondary care. We investigated if changes in healthcare complexity were associated with trends in reported delirium over the last four decades.

Methods
We used identical criteria to a previous systematic review, only including studies using internationally accepted diagnostic criteria for delirium (the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases). Estimates were pooled across studies using random effects meta-analysis, and we estimated temporal changes using meta-regression. We investigated publication bias with funnel plots.

Results
We identified 15 further studies to add to 18 studies from the original review. Overall delirium occurrence was 23% (95% CI 19–26%) (33 studies) though this varied according to diagnostic criteria used (highest in DSM-IV, lowest in DSM-5). There was no change from 1980 to 2019, nor was case-mix (average age of sample, proportion with dementia) different. Overall, risk of bias was moderate or low, though there was evidence of increasing publication bias over time.

Discussion
The incidence and prevalence of delirium in hospitals appears to be stable, though publication bias may have masked true changes. Nonetheless, delirium remains a challenging and urgent priority for clinical diagnosis and care pathways.
53 Does the Community Geriatrician’s Role in Advanced Care Planning Help Community Dwellers Achieve Their Preferred Place of Care?
Authors: Honney K , Judd H , Mitchell A , Nash H , Ford J , Schweigart A , Griffiths B , Sira A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Advanced Care Planning (ACP) is well established for patients with terminal cancer diagnoses but is poorly utilised when caring for elderly patients with other terminal illnesses. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of ACP in our older, community dwellers following a period of increased awareness.

Methods
A closed loop audit was undertaken, assessing deaths from a dementia care home within rural Norfolk, before and after implementation of an education and focus programme (cycle 1=Jan 2017-Jan 2018, cycle 2: Feb 2018-Jan-2019). Deceased patients were identified from care home records and data from electronic hospital and general practice records were analysed. Results were compared according to existing guidance outlined in the Palliative Gold Standards Framework (GSF) and Department of Health End of Life Care Strategy 2009. Compliance between cycles was compared using the chi-square test with p=.05 indicative of statistical significance.

Results
59 patients were included (median age=84, male=31). Results of the audit for each criterion are shown in table 1. More patients achieved their preferred place of care (PPOC) following the implementation of the education programme, with access to end of life medications significantly improving.

Conclusions
Increasing awareness and understanding of ACP in the community has been shown to improve compliance with GSF standards, particularly access to end of life medications. Further efforts are still required to improve care and a third cycle is scheduled for January 2020, following further training.