bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competition for MCM Loading at Origins Establishes Replication Timing Patterns
Authors: Dukaj Livio , Rhind Nicholas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLoading of the MCM replicative helicase onto origins of replication is a highly regulated process that precedes DNA replication in all eukaryotes. The number of MCM loaded on origins has been proposed to be a key determinant of when those origins initiate replication during S phase. Nevertheless, the genome-wide characteristics of MCM loading and their direct effect on replication timing remain unclear. In order to probe MCM loading dynamics and its effect on replication timing, we perturbed MCM levels in budding yeast cells and, for the first time, directly measured MCM levels and replication timing in the same experiment. Reduction of MCM levels through degradation of Mcm4, one of the six obligate components of the MCM complex, slowed progression through S phase and increased sensitivity to replication stress. Reduction of MCM levels also led to differential loading at origins during G1, revealing origins that are sensitive to reductions in MCM and others that are not. Sensitive origins loaded less MCM under normal conditions and correlated with a weak ability to recruit the origin recognition complex (ORC). Moreover, reduction of MCM loading at specific origins of replication led to a delay in their initiation during S phase. In contrast, overexpression of MCM had no effects on cell cycle progression, relative MCM levels at origins, or replication timing, suggesting that, under optimal growth conditions, cellular MCM levels not limiting for MCM loading. Our results support a model in which the loading activity of origins, controlled by their ability to recruit ORC and compete for MCM, determines the number of helicases loaded, which in turn affects replication timing.
Telmisartan potentiates insulin secretion via ion channels, independent of the AT1 receptor and PPARγ
Authors: Liu Tao , Cui Lijuan , Xue Huan , Zhi Linping , Yang Xiaohua , Yang Huanhuan , Liu Mengmeng , Bai Tao , Liu Zhihong , Zhang Min , Guo Qing , He Peifeng , Liu Yunfeng , Zhang Yi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAngiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs), as antihypertensive drugs, have drawn attention for their benefits to individuals with diabetes and prediabetes. However, the effects of ARBs on insulin secretion remain unclear. Here, we investigated the insulinotropic effects of ARBs (telmisartan, valsartan, and irbesartan) and the underlying electrophysiological mechanism in rat islets. We found that only telmisartan among the three ARBs exhibited an insulin secretagogue role. Distinct from other ARBs, telmisartan exerted effects on ion channels including voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels and voltage-gated Ca2+channels to promote extracellular Ca2+influx, thereby potentiating insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. We observed that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ pathway was not involved in these telmisartan-induced effects. Furthermore, we identified that telmisartan at least directly inhibited Kv2.1 channel through construction of a Chinese hamster ovary cell line with Kv2.1 channel overexpression. Acute exposure of type 2 diabetes model (db/db) mice to a telmisartan dose equivalent to therapeutic doses in humans resulted in lower blood glucose and increased plasma insulin concentration in the oral glucose tolerance test. We further observed the telmisartan-induced insulinotropic and electrophysiological effects on pathological pancreatic islets isolated fromdb/dbmice. Collectively, our results establish an important function of telmisartan distinct from other ARBs in the treatment of diabetes.
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Encodes the Integrated Incentive Motivational Value of Cognitive Task Performance
Authors: Yee Debbie M. , Crawford Jennifer L. , Lamichhane Bidhan , Braver Todd S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHumans can seamlessly combine value signals from diverse motivational incentives, yet it is not well-understood how these signals are “bundled” in the brain to modulate cognitive control. The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is theorized to integrate motivational value dimensions in the service of goal-directed action, though this hypothesis has yet to receive rigorous confirmation. In the present study, we examined the role of human dACC in motivational incentive integration. Healthy young adult men and women were scanned with fMRI while engaged in an experimental paradigm that quantifies the combined effects of liquid (e.g., juice, neutral, saltwater) and monetary incentives on cognitive task performance. Monetary incentives modulated trial-by-trial dACC activation, whereas block-related effects of liquid incentives on dACC activity were observed. When bundled together, incentive-related dACC modulation predicted fluctuations in both cognitive performance and self-report motivation ratings. Statistical mediation analyses suggest that dACC encoded the incentives in terms of their integrated subjective motivational value, and that this value signal was most proximally associated with task performance. Finally, we confirmed that these incentive integration effects were selectively present in dACC. Together, the results support an account in which dACC integrates motivational signals to compute the expected value of goal-directed cognitive control.Significance StatementHow are primary and secondary incentives integrated in the brain to influence goal-directed behavior? Using an innovative experimental fMRI paradigm that combines motivational incentives that have historically been studied independently between species (e.g., monetary rewards for humans, food rewards for animals), we examine the relationship between incentive motivational value and cognitive control allocation. We find evidence that the integrated incentive motivational value of combined incentives is encoded in human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Further, self-reported motivational shifts mediated the effects of incentive-modulated dACC activity on task performance, revealing convergence in how self-reported and experimentally-induced motivation are encoded in the human brain. Our findings may inform future translational studies examining affective/motivational and cognitive impairments in psychopathology (e.g., anxiety, depression, addiction).
Statistical profiling reveals correlations between the cell response to and structural sequence of Rho-GAPs
Authors: Kang Na , Matsui Tsubasa S. , Deguchi Shinji 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRho-GTPase-activating proteins (Rho-GAPs) are essential upstream regulators of the Rho family of GTPases. Currently, it remains unclear if the phenotypic change caused by perturbations to a Rho-GAP is predictable from its structural sequence. Here we analyze the relationship between the morphological response of cells to the silencing of Rho-GAPs and their primary structure. For all possible pairs of 57 different Rho-GAPs expressed in MCF10A epithelial cells, the similarity in the Rho-GAP silencing-induced morphological change was quantified and compared to the similarity in the primary structure of the corresponding pairs. We found a distinct correlation between the morphological and structural similarities in a specific group of RhoA-targeting Rho-GAPs. Thus, the family-wide analysis revealed a common feature shared by the specific Rho-GAPs.
Utilizing emotion scores for improving classifier performance for predicting customer's intended ratings from social media posts
Authors: Ray Arghya , Bala Pradip Kumar , Jain Rashmi 
Published: September 2020

PurposeSocial media channels provide an avenue for expressing views about different services/products. However, unlike merchandise/company websites (where users can post both reviews and ratings), it is not possible to understand user's ratings for a particular service-related comment on social media unless explicitly mentioned. Predicting ratings can be beneficial for service providers and prospective customers. Additionally, predicting ratings from a user-generated content can help in developing vast data sets for recommender systems utilizing recent data. The aim of this study is to predict ratings more accurately and enhance the performance of sentiment-based predictors by combining it with the emotional content of textual data.Design/methodology/approachThis study had utilized a combination of sentiment and emotion scores to predict the ratings of Twitter posts (3,509 tweets) in three different contexts, namely, online food delivery (OFD) services, online travel agencies (OTAs) and online learning (e-learning). A total of 29,551 reviews were utilized for training and testing purposes.FindingsResults of this study indicate accuracies of 58.34%, 57.84% and 100% in cases of e-learning, OTA and OFD services, respectively. The combination of sentiment and emotion scores showed an increase in accuracies of 19.41%, 27.83% and 40.20% in cases of e-learning, OFD and OTA services, respectively.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the ratings of social media comments can help both service providers as well as prospective customers who do not spend much time reading posts but want to understand the perspectives of others about a particular service/product. Additionally, predicting ratings of social media comments will help to build databases for recommender systems in different contexts.Originality/valueThe uniqueness of this study is in utilizing a combination of sentiment and emotion scores to predict the ratings of tweets related to different online services, namely, e-learning OFD and OTAs.
Convective fluid flow and heat transfer in a vertical rectangular duct containing a horizontal porous medium and fluid layer
Authors: Umavathi J.C. , Anwar Beg O. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate thermally and hydrodynamically fully developed convection in a duct of rectangular cross-section containing a porous medium and fluid layer.

Design/methodology/approach
The Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer flow model is adopted. A finite difference method of second-order accuracy with the Southwell-over-relaxation method is deployed to solve the non-dimensional momentum and energy conservation equations under physically robust boundary conditions.

Findings
It is found that the presence of porous structure and different immiscible fluids exert a significant impact on controlling the flow. Graphical results for the influence of the governing parameters i.e. Grashof number, Darcy number, porous media inertia parameter, Brinkman number and ratios of viscosities, thermal expansion and thermal conductivity parameters on the velocity and temperature fields are presented. The volumetric flow rate, skin friction and rate of heat transfer at the left and right walls of the duct are also provided in tabular form. The numerical solutions obtained are validated with the published study and excellent agreement is attained.

Originality/value
To the author’s best knowledge this study original in developing the numerical code using FORTRAN to assess the fluid properties for immiscible fluids. The study is relevant to geothermal energy systems, thermal insulation systems, resin flow modeling for liquid composite molding processes and hybrid solar collectors.
The fierce urgency of now and forever and unto ages of ages: study and the restoration of paradise on Earth
Authors: Wilson Simon 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore and evoke an old educational concept called “study”. This is learning which leads to love and love which leads to learning. It is a dynamic experience which engenders transformation whose telos is simultaneously endlessly knowable and unknowable. The paper argues that it unites humans with the world, the material world with the transcendent, speed with slowness and alignment with resistance, in a series of antinomic relationships which come together in the heart. Study, it is argued, should form the basis of true education and a truly sustainable relationship with the world.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper’s approach is informed by the Eastern Orthodox Christian theology of ecology, particularly its complex and holistic concept of the heart and perceiving with the heart. It revels in the antinomies fostered by this tradition.

Findings
The paper’s findings are inevitably provisional. They stress the need for beauty in educational practice and indicate that the form of study described may foster an individual sense of vocation, which can transform self and the world.

Originality/value
The paper hopes to contribute to a re-orientation in education, sustainability and ecology.
Learning motivational interviewing: prospects to preserve practitioners' well-being
Authors: Endrejat Paul C. , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: September 2020

PurposeMotivational interviewing (MI) is a collaborative communication style designed to help clients achieve desired behavior changes. MI includes communication methods along with a mindset that avoids attempting to impose behavior change. Relying on the conservation of resources theory, this research report argues that learning MI helps practitioners communicate more effectively and preserve their own psychological health resources.Design/methodology/approachWe tested whether MI training resulted in beneficial effects on practitioners' resilience and burnout (i.e. exhaustion and disengagement), surveying participants (N = 42) from various disciplines who learned MI at a training institute. Subjects received a questionnaire before and one month after MI training. The post-training questionnaire also assessed whether participants applied the training content in practice.FindingsThe results revealed that the training reduced participants' disengagement. Practical application was a predictor for this decrease as well as an increase in resilience.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the small sample size and self-reported data, this paper should be considered an experimental study that could inspire future research in this area, using more elaborate research designs.Practical implicationsLearning MI not only helps in facilitating behavior change in clients but also in bolstering practitioners' own resources. MI novices should aim to apply their newly acquired skills.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to explicitly hint at the possibility that learning MI helps practitioners preserve their psychological resources.
The team as a secure base revisited: remote working and resilience among child and family social workers during COVID-19
Authors: Cook Laura Louise , Zschomler Danny , Biggart Laura , Carder Sara 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Social work teams can provide a secure base for social workers, supporting them to manage the emotional demands of child and family social work (Biggart et al., 2017). As the COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated increased remote working, social workers have needed to maximise their use of virtual networks and navigate new ways of connecting with colleagues. This study aims to examine the extent to which social work teams can function as a secure base in the context of remote working.

Design/methodology/approach
Between 19th March and 13th June, the authors undertook 31 in-depth, qualitative interviews with child and family social workers across 9 local authorities in England. this research captured social workers’ perspectives on remote working and team support throughout lockdown in England.

Findings
In this study, the authors report findings in three key areas: how social workers experienced the sudden shift to increased remote working; how social work teams provided a secure base for remote working; and the challenges for sustaining the team as a secure base when working remotely.

Originality/value
These findings will be of interest to social workers, managers and local authorities as they adapt to the challenges of increased remote working in child and family social work.
Is the investment decision affected by the independence and competence of the audit committee? A comparative study between Bahrain and Indonesia
Authors: Al-Hadrami Abdullah Hamza , Rafiki Ahmad , Sarea Adel , Nasution Muhammad Dharma Tuah Putra 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of the audit committee’s (AC’s) independence and competence in the company’s investment decision-making in Bahraini- and Indonesian-listed firms, then to compare the two resultsDesign/methodology/approachA quantitative method is used and cross-sectional data are collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey. A stratified random sample technique is adopted with a total of 409 respondents from 39 listed companies in Bahrain and 303 respondents from 27 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). A descriptive analysis is used to identify the characteristics of the respondents, while a correlation analysis, linear regression and t-test analyses are used to test the model, explain the relationships among variables and compare the two studies (Bahrain vs Indonesia).FindingsIt is found that the AC independence and AC competence have a positive and significant influence on investment decision-making for both the Bahrain and the Indonesia studiesPractical implicationsThe current study’s results have implications for the process of appointing and nominating the AC members, since this would affect an investor’s investment decision. Investors’ perception of the independence and competence of ACs will make a difference in their investment decisions.Originality/valueAC independence and competence are importantly crucial for the decision-makers in improving the quality of financial reporting, internal control, and audit. This may lead to an increase in investors’ trust in financial reports and their ability to make favorable investment decisions.
Measuring financial literacy: a literature review
Authors: Ouachani Sonia , Belhassine Olfa , Kammoun Aïda 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the main methods used in the literature to measure financial literacy (FL) of individuals.Design/methodology/approachThe paper begins by describing how the different items used to measure the FL level of individuals are constructed. Then, it focuses on how do researchers select the items. Finally, it reviews the different calculation methods used in the literature to assess the FL level.FindingsFL as a concept is tough to define and measure. Several studies focus on the definition and the measure of this concept. Different items are used in the literature and are mostly related to the study topics. The used calculation methods differ across the different studies.Originality/valueThis paper sheds light on the principal methodologies used in the literature to measure FL. It highlights the relationship between the items' content areas and the studies' subjects. Thus, this paper suggests guidance for future studies on measuring methods of FL.
Do surges in foreign direct investment inflows lead to surges in economic growth? Evidence from developing countries
Authors: Sahu Jagadish Prasad 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether surge in foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows leads to surge in economic growth in 52 developing countries for the period 1990-2014.

Design/methodology/approach
The author used a threshold approach to identify surge incidences in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth rates and FDI inflows (measured as percentage of GDP) for each country included in the sample. Three different criteria are used to identify surge instances. As a preliminary analysis the author used the probit and complementary log–log regression methods to estimate the likelihood of growth surge occurrence. To correct the potential endogeneity problem the author jointly estimated the growth surge and FDI surge equations using the recursive bivariate probit (RBP) regression.

Findings
The author found that East Asia and the Pacific region has highest rate of growth surge incidences followed by South Asia. The results suggest that surge in FDI inflows significantly increases the likelihood of growth surge. The finding is robust to alternative surge definitions and methods of estimation.

Practical implications
The analysis reveals that inbound FDI flow is a critical driver of economic growth in developing countries. Large FDI inflows matters for achieving rapid economic growth. Therefore developing countries should adopt favourable policies to attract more FDI. Policymakers should focus on improving the investment climate of the country to boost domestic investment and to attract larger amount of FDI into the economy.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge this is the first study to examine whether surge in FDI inflows stimulates surge in economic growth in developing countries. The analysis reveals that FDI surge is a robust predictor of rapid economic growth in developing countries.
The plant endosphere world – bacterial life within plants
Authors: Compant Stéphane , Cambon Marine C. , Vacher Corinne , Mitter Birgit , Samad Abdul , Sessitsch Angela 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe plant endosphere is colonized by complex microbial communities and microorganisms, which colonize the plant interior at least part of their lifetime and are termed endophytes. Their functions range from mutualism to pathogenicity. All plant organs and tissues are generally colonized by bacterial endophytes and their diversity and composition depend on the plant, the plant organ and its physiological conditions, the plant growth stage as well as on the environment. Plant‐associated microorganisms, and in particular endophytes, have lately received high attention, because of the increasing awareness of the importance of host‐associated microbiota for the functioning and performance of their host. Some endophyte functions are known from mostly lab assays, genome prediction and few metagenome analyses; however, we have limited understanding on in planta activities, particularly considering the diversity of micro‐environments and the dynamics of conditions. In our review, we present recent findings on endosphere environments, their physiological conditions and endophyte colonization. Furthermore, we discuss microbial functions, the interaction between endophytes and plants as well as methodological limitations of endophyte research. We also provide an outlook on needs of future research to improve our understanding on the role of microbiota colonizing the endosphere on plant traits and ecosystem functioning.
What Makes an Administrative Decision Unreasonable?
Authors: Dindjer Hasan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe nature of reasonableness review in administrative law has long been obscured behind vivid but uninformative descriptions. In recent years, courts and commentators have recognised that reasonableness review involves assessment of the weight and balance of reasons bearing on a decision. Yet by itself this idea is substantially incomplete, for there are many ways in which issues of weight might be relevant. Drawing on the theory of practical reason, this article offers a new account of the reasonableness standard that explains precisely how the weight of reasons matters. It shows, negatively, that several existing accounts are mistaken. Positively, it proposes that reasonableness be understood as a requirement of ‘relativised justification’: a decision must be justified relative to some eligible understanding of the balance of reasons. This account explains the standard's central features and yields a coherent, workable test for courts to apply.