bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Comparison of Modes of Failures among Titanium and One- and Two-piece Zirconia Abutment under Static Load
Authors: Alqahtani Fawaz , AlAmar Mohammed 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives The objective was to assess modes of failures under static load (SL) among titanium (Ti) and one- and two-piece zirconia abutment (ZA) in vitro.
Materials and Methods The Ti abutments were digitally scanned for the fabrication of the one- and two-piece zirconia abutment specimens. This was done to standardize the design of the one-piece abutment and make it the blueprint of the Ti abutment. Twenty-one implant abutments and 21 implant replicas were categorized into three groups as follows: group 1 (Titanium group), group 2 (one-piece ZA group), and group 3 (two-piece ZA group). A 250K-cycle, linear fatigue-load, reaching 10 to 210 Newton (N), was put on all specimens using an all-electric dynamic test instrument and the specimens were loaded until fracture.
Statistical Analysis Assessment of mode of fracture among the groups was done visually. Significance was based below 0.05.
Results Screw fracture (n = 7) and abutment bending at the apical part (n = 7) occurred in the Ti group. In the one-piece zirconia group, screw and abutment fractures occurred in seven and seven cases, respectively. In the two-piece zirconia group, screw fracture (n = 7) above the Ti zirconia junction (transgingival segment) and abutment fracture (n = 7) were determined as the failure modes.
Conclusion In conclusion, all abutments underwent failures under SL in vitro; and the mode of failure modes varied among the different abutment designs used.
Citation Classics on Dental Caries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Arshad Anas Imran , Ahmad Paras , Dummer Paul M.H. , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Asif Jawaad Ahmed , Mahmood Zuliani , Rahman Normastura Abd , Mamat Noraida 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective A systematic search was performed for the identification and analysis of the 100 most often cited articles on dental caries and to highlight the changing trends in the field of dentistry over time.
Materials and Methods The search was performed without any restriction on the study design, publication year, or language using the Web of Science (WoS) group of Clarivate Analytics enabling the search through “All Databases.” Based on the citation count as available in WoS, the articles were sorted in a descending manner. Information regarding each article was then extracted, which included its authorship, counts of citation (in other databases), citation density, current citation index (2019), publication year, country of publication, journal of article, evidence level based on study design, and keywords description.
Results The count of citation for each article varied in each database, that is, 175 to 2,003 in WoS, 89 to 1,981 in Scopus, and 126 to 3,492 when searched in Google Scholar. The highest number of articles (n = 10) related to dental caries were published in 2004. A total of 301 authors made valuable contributions to this field, out of which J.D. Featherstone had coauthored 6 articles. A significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) was found between the age of the article and the citation density (r =–0.545). However, a nonsignificant correlation (p = 0.952) occurred between the age of publication and the citation count (r = 0.006).
Conclusion The results of this systematic review provide a critical appraisal of the context underpinning scientific developments in the field of dental caries and also highlighted trends in clinical management and research.
Auxiliary Reflectance Sensor for Guided Surgery with Dental Implants: In Vitro Study
Authors: Sigcho López Diego Antonio , Pintaudi Amorim Karina , Laganá Dalva Cruz 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this research was to develop a sensor of approximation by reflectance for guided surgery with dental implants without flap detachment, and verify the effectiveness of this system.
Materials and Methods Ten models of total edentulous arches were divided into two groups. Two implants of 3.5 × 11.5 mm (NeoDent) were inserted in each model; in Group 1 (G1), a stereolithographic guide NeoGuide system was used. In Group 2 (G2), the experimental approximation sensor was used for the insertion of the implants. The evaluation of the results was performed by overlapping the virtual planning images with the tomographies of the models of the implants inserted.
Results There were no statistically significant differences between the guide and the sensor groups. The averages and standard deviations observed at the angulation of the guide was 4.15 (2.65 degrees) and 5.48 (2.85 degrees) at the sensor. The linear deviations at the cervical level were 0.002 (1.37) and 0.11 (1.47) mm and at the apical level 0.19 (1.28) and 0.21 (1.42) mm, respectively.
Conclusions The use of a guide is important for the stabilization of the drills; the greatest challenge is to control the apical position of the implants, especially in highly reabsorbed edges. The experimental sensor can become an auxiliary tool to the stereolithographic guides; however, several difficulties must still be overcome to recommend the use of a sensor.
Planar multifrequency mid-IR microwave-pumped lasers
Authors: Mineev A.P. , Nefedov S.M. , Pashinin P.P. , Goncharov P.A. , Kiselev V.V. , Stel’makh O.M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The characteristics of planar repetitively pulsed diffusion-cooled HF, DF, HF – DF, Xe, and HF – DF – Xe(Kr) lasers pumped by a microwave discharge (2.45 GHz) are studied depending on the pump pulse duration (10 – 40 μs) and repletion rate (50 – 400 Hz), as well as on the composition and pressure of the working gas mixture (30 – 200 Torr) at low (to 0.6 L s−1) gas flow rates. It is demonstrated for the first time that a HF – DF – Xe gas-discharge laser may simultaneously operate as a HF – DF chemical molecular laser and a recombination laser based on xenon atom transitions and generate broadband (octave) radiation in the range 2.0 – 4.2 μm with an average output power of 43 mW and an efficiency of 0.9 %. With substitution of xenon for krypton, lasing in a HF – DF – Kr laser is obtained at wavelengths of 2.52 – 4.15 μm. Lasing in a HF – DF laser was achieved simultaneously in two spectral regions (2.7 – 2.9 and 3.6 – 4.2 μm) with an output power of ∼50 mW. It is found that a decrease in the pump pulse duration with a simultaneous increase in the pulse repletion rate for retaining the average energy deposition leads to an increase in the average output power and efficiency of the laser. At low pulse repetition rates (50 – 100 Hz) and a low gas mixture flow rate, helium buffer gas can be effectively substituted for neon. Operation of the Xe laser was achieved in the spectral range 2.03 – 3.65 μm with an average output power of 580 Mw at a pump pulse duration of 20 μs, a pulse repetition rate to 10 kHz, and a maximum efficiency of 55 %. The obtained experimental results demonstrate the possibility of creating broadband HF – DF – Xe lasers emitting in the frequency range 2 – 4 μm with a desired ratio of intensities in different spectral ranges.
Optical properties of Platonic clusters of plasmonic nanoparticles
Authors: Klimov V.V. , Sharonov G.V. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the framework of the dipole approximation, we have developed a model of optical properties of a meta-atom consisting of spherical nanoparticles located at the vertices of Platonic solids. Based on the model, we have found and analysed the dynamics of changes in the optical spectra with a change in the length of the edge of a polyhedron. We have observed strong hybridisation and splitting of initially degenerate modes of individual nanoparticles. The obtained results can be used as the basis for the development of an optical nanosensor, which can determine the change in the chemical and biological composition of the environment.
Luminescence relaxation dynamics for planar and rolled-up CdSe nanocrystals in a photonic-crystal matrix
Authors: Selyukov A.S. , Danilkin M.I. , Eliseev S.P. , Kuznetsov A.S. , Grafova V.P. , Klimonsky S.O. , Vainer Yu.G. , Vasiliev R.B. , Vitukhnovsky A.G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSamples of inverted photonic-crystal films, containing planar and rolled-up (in the form of scrolls) CdSe nanocrystals, are studied. The transmission spectra of these structures are recorded. These spectra (along with the change in colour) confirm the incorporation of nanocrystals into the films. The photoluminescence decay dynamics is investigated. It is shown that the photonic-crystal matrix affects significantly the luminescence kinetics of nanostructures. The differences in the decay curves measured for nanocrystals in a photonic-crystal matrix and for their ensemble on a glass substrate are explained by the influence of the photonic-crystal stop band and the orientational effect of crystalline matrix, which orients anisotropic nanocrystals and prevents them from aggregation. The results obtained may be important for potential applications in optoelectronic devices.
Spectroscopy of atoms in an optical dipole trap using spectrally selective heating by a probe laser field
Authors: Afanasiev A.E. , Mashko A.M. , Meysterson A.A. , Balykin V.I. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Spectral properties of atoms localised in an optical dipole trap are studied using the method of spectrally selective heating by a probe field. The method is based on measuring the number of atoms in a trap after they interact with a probe field. The dependence of the number of atoms on the frequency of the probe field fully characterises the shift and width of the spectral absorption line of trapped atoms.
Finance, infrastructure and urban capital: the political economy of African ‘gap-filling’
Authors: Goodfellow Tom 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Financial flows into Africa are being reoriented through the pervasive discourse of the ‘infrastructure gap’. The article argues that the generation of new infrastructures identified as ‘alternative assets’ by global finance is also creating landscapes of opportunity for urban capital accumulation by more locally embedded actors. Thus, as international financial flows are becoming ‘infrastructuralised’, domestic capital is increasingly ‘real-estatised’. The conceptualisation of African urban economies in terms of deficits has obscured the extent to which they are also characterised by surfeits, including of certain kinds of property development and speculation, with important implications for the politics of urban accumulation, dispossession and violence.
Four-wave mixing in spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates
Authors: Hung Nguyen Viet , Szańkowski Piotr , Konotop Vladimir V , Trippenbach Marek 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We describe possibilities of spontaneous, degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) processes in spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates. Phase matching conditions (i.e., energy and momentum conservation laws) in such systems allow one to identify four different configurations characterized by involvement of distinct spinor states in which such a process can take place. We derived these conditions from first principles and then illustrated dynamics with direct numerical simulations. We found, among others, the unique configuration, where both probe waves have smaller group velocity than pump wave and proved numerically that it can be observed experimentally under proper choice of the parameters. We also reported the case when two different FWM processes can occur simultaneously. The described resonant interactions of matter waves is expected to play an important role in the experiments of BEC with artificial gauge fields. Beams created by FWM processes are an important source of correlated particles and can be used in the experiments testing quantum properties of atomic ensembles.
The effect of glycerol concentration and breadfruit flour mass on edible film characteristics
Authors: Yulistiani F , Khairunisa N , Fitiana R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Breadfruit flour is one of basic ingredient in edible films making. Poor properties of edible film produced from natural starch can be improved by adding glycerol, as plasticizer that can improve its elasticity, and chitosan as hydrophobic substance that can increase its moisture resistance. While the amount of starch raw materials can improve film’s compactness. This research is held to discover the effect of glycerol concentration and breadfruit flour mass on edible film characteristics. This research variates the amount of raw materials (6 grams; 8 grams; 10 grams; 12 grams) and glycerol concentrations (20 percent; 25 percent; 30 percent; 35 percent (w/w)). The characteristics of edible films observed in this research are tensile strength and Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR). Almost all research products have tensile strength and WVTR value that meet grade 4 and grade 5 Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) for edible film. The best tensile strength value (93.432 kgf/square cm) was obtained when the amount of breadfruit flour is 10 grams and glycerol concentration 20 percent, while the best WVTR value (3.210 gr/square m.hour) was obtained when the amount of breadfruit flour is 12 grams and glycerol concentration 20 percent.
The effect of microwave power variations on phytochemical characteristic of pandan leaves (Pandanus Amaryllifolius) using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE)
Authors: Djenar N S , Mulyono E W S , Saputra T R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Pandan leaves (Pandanus Amaryllifolius) are widely used as aroma ingredients, spices, flavouring ingredients, and green givers on dishes or snacks. The extracts of Pandan leaves consist of a number of active compounds in a group of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, and dyes. From several research results, these active compounds can be obtained through Soxhlet extraction, supercritical CO2 extraction and maceration. However, the type of extraction above requires a relatively longer time with low yield extract. In this research Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method using water as solvent. Varying microwave power and extraction time were used to extract active compounds from pandan leaves. The results of this research showed that the highest yield of pandan leaves extract obtained was 23.53 percent at 450 Watt microwave power. Based on the phytochemical test, it was found that pandan leaves extract positively contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. Using spectrophotometry method obtained the highest flavonoid concentration of 0.4130 percent at 450 Watt microwave power.
The effect size and composition of bioreactor from sand and compost to porosity purpose of bed
Authors: Fauzan A , Rispiandi  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Population increase causes the need for products from plants also to increase and land is decreasing so a certain process of intensification in agriculture needed. One of them is by making a plant bioreactor that can be modelled as a fixed bed composed of compost and grains of sand. The spatial structure of the bioreactor can facilitate the presence of water, air, root system development, and life systems of various soil biota so that they are create a mechanism of production on demand for plants. The purpose of this study was to obtain the effect of bed variations on the porosity parameter (ԑ). Bed variations consist of size variations (not sifted; 4 - 2 mm; 2 - 1 mm; 1 mm - 500 μm; 500 - 250 μm and 250 - 125 μm) and composition variations (100:0; 25:75; 50:50; 75:25 and 0:100) from compost and sand. The results showed that the addition of compost would increase the porosity of bed. The bed consisting of sand and compost with a ratio of 25:75 with a diameter of 4 - 2 mm is a good composition to increase porosity of bed with a porosity value around (ԑ) of 0.7.
Process simulation of propylene production from crude palm oil by hydrodeoxygenation and propane dehydrogenation
Authors: Trirahayu D A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The petrochemical industry is a branch of the chemical industry that utilizes raw materials in the form of oil and gas through chemical or physical processes to produce various olefin and aromatic-based industrial products. One of the key products in the petrochemical industry is propylene. Propylene is used for the manufacture of polypropylene resins, acrylic acids and its derivatives, propylene glycol, and others. Several attempts to produce propylene from other raw material sources such as natural gas and coal have been made, but given its non-renewable nature, there needs to be a solution for the utilization of renewable natural resources as raw material for making propylene. One of the potential renewable resources in Indonesia is CPO. The process of turning CPO into green diesel is known as the Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) process. This process produces green diesel around 83 percent and propane around 5 percent. Propane produced can be converted into propylene by the Propane Dehydrogenation (PDH) process. The simulation process was designed using Aspen Hysys version 8.8. The simulation indicates that from 10.10 m^3/h CPO can be produced 10.73 m^3/h green diesel and 1.03 m^3/h propane with purity 99.85 percent. From propane dehydrogenation can be produced around 0.8 m^3/h propylene with purity 99.06 percent.
Applications of micro size anorganic membrane of clay, zeolite and active carbon as filters for peat water purification
Authors: Saifuddin S , Lisa A , Amalia Z , Faridah F , Elfiana E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Ceramic membrane is one of technology membrane which used as a filtration. Filtration process is the easy way to solve the problem for water purification. Ceramic membrane was used as filtration for peat water. Peat water is the surface water of peat soils that contain high organic matter as well as high enough iron, acidic taste with a pH of 3-5 and a low level of hardness. Therefore, one of the managements of peat water is by using ceramic membrane. The goal of this study is making ceramic membrane from clay, zeolite and activated carbon as a filter for peat water. The research was conducted by using ceramic membrane with composition ratio of 80:10:10; 70:20:10; 60:30:10; 50:40:10, respectively, with the temperature of combustion varied from 600, 700 and 800 Degree Celsius, respectively. The ceramic membrane applied as a filtration for peat water. The permeats from filtration process using ceramic membrane had been analyzed parameter which indicate the good quality of peat water. This study obtained the highest Fe2+ removal efficiency in peat water by 100 percent, the highest Mn2+ removal efficiency of 99.94 percent, followed by a TDS removal efficiency of 82.58 percent and turbidity 95.65 percent.
Biogas purification using water scrubber with variations of water flow rate and biogas pressure
Authors: Gantina T M , Iriani P , Maridjo  , Wachjoe C K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Biogas is a form of alternative energy which can be obtained from the anaerobic degradation process of organic materials. The presence of CO2 in biogas needs to be removed to increase its CH4 concentration, which simultaneously increasing its calorific value and biogas qualities. This study used the water scrubber method to absorb CO2 and separate it from the CH4 contained in biogas. The variables used are the biogas pressures of 2, 3, and 4 bar and water flow rates of 0.1 and 0.15 L/s with a contact time of 60 seconds. The results of this study showed that the greatest effectiveness in both CO2 removal of 99.5 percent and CH4 increase of 38.18 percent were obtained at biogas pressure of 4 bar and water flow rate of 0.15 L/s. The most effective results of CO2 biogas removal were obtained at greater biogas pressures and water flow rates.
Catalyst to oil mass ratio optimization on fluid catalytic cracking process in green gasoline production
Authors: Styani E , Foliatini  , Ekananda R , Tandaju S R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Palm oil has potential as raw material for green gasoline as renewable energy source. One of the most important variables to support the achievement optimum operating condition in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) process was the mass ratio of catalyst to oil (c/o). The FCC process simulation was carried out by using an Advance Cracking Evaluation (ACE) unit at mass ratio c/o (4.00, 5.00, 5.56, 6.00, 6.52) w/w ASTM D3907. The quality test of the FCC product were distribution of boiling point by using Refinery Gas Analyzer (RGA) Chromatography ASTM D2504 and using high temperature distillation simulating gas chromatography ASTM D7169, octane number by using Detailed Hydrocarbon Analysis (DHA) Chromatography ASTM D6730 and coke formation by using CO Analyzer ASTM D6316. The study shown that the most optimum c/o ratio in FCC process was at ratio 6.00 w/w with the amount of dry gas product 2.48 percent w/w, LPG 27.36 percent w/w, gasoline 41.81 percent w/w, LCO 11.54 percent w/w, HCO 0.00 percent w/w, bottom 3.71 w/w, and coke 12.99 percent w/w with octane number was 84.693. It can be concluded that FCC process of the palm oil mixture feed at this ratio has better quality than PT Pertamina’s FCC feed.
Lithium extraction from brine water Tirtasanita Bogor, Indonesia by evaporation method
Authors: Lalasari L H , Andriyah L , Arini T , Sulistiyono E , Prasetyo A B , Firdiyono F , Natasha N C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The objectives of this research are to characterize the chemical composition of brine water, Tirtasanita Bogor, Indonesia and investigate the influence of brine water vaporization ratio on lithium content and other chemical elements of brine water. The research method is brine water evaporated at boiling point using distillation equipment with various evaporation ratios up to 50 percent; 75 percent; 80 percent; 87.5 percent and 90 percent volume of brine water. The distillation process produces distillate and brine water liquid containing salt deposits. The brine water liquid from the evaporation process was then filtered to separate the filtrate of brine water and salt deposit. Distillate and filtrate of brine water were analysed by ICP-OES to know the chemical composition of both such as Li, K, Na, Ca, and Mg. The salt deposits were characterized by SEM-EDS. The experimental results show that the chemical compositions of brine water Tirtasanita Bogor, Indonesia are 17.27 ppm Li; 409.98 ppm K; 1929.87 ppm Na; 185.71 ppm Ca; 146.02 ppm Mg. From the result of SEM-EDS analysis shows that salt deposit has a spherical morphology with the dominant Ca content. This salt deposit is indicated as CaCO3 compound.
Song River discharge utilization analysis for Bunutin Rice Fields irrigation system
Authors: Parwita I G L , Mudhina M , Yasada G , Suprapto I P A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Song River is a small river with a wide variety of 5 to 18 meter of water sourced from Lake Batur to the south through Bunutin Village in Kintamani District, Bangli Regency. The existence of this river is important because it is the main source of irrigation water in the Bunutin agricultural land which covers about 152 ha of rice fields. Utilization of Song river discharge for irrigation on Bunutin agricultural land has relied on water from community rock piles with water extraction in the form of 1.2 km of land tunnel. The tunnel has a high variable dimension of 0.75 to 1 meter and a varied width of 0.6 to 0.8 meter. This research was conducted through the stages of observation, measurement and analysis of river characteristics. The results of the flood analysis showed Q50 is equal to 21.81 cubic meter per second. Based on the existing situation, the placement of weirs is placed behind a tunnel with a width of 18 meter in the form of ogee crest weir. Weir material in the form of stone pairs.