bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Quercetin like Structure from Dalbergia sissoo (Fabaceae)
Authors: Bijauliya Rohit Kumar KUMAR , Kannojia Pushpendra , Mishra Pankaj , Pathak Gaurav Kumar 
Published: June 2020

The present study was conducted to isolate and classify Dalbergia sissoo (L.) bioactive compounds. The genus consists of 300 species in India, including 25 species. The generic name Dalbergia honors the 18th century Swedish brothers Nils and Carl Dalberg. Various phytoconstituents of alkaloids, glycosides, flavanoids, tannins, saponins, sterols and terpenoids were isolated and classified from different parts of the plant. Thin Layer Chromatography, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, and Column Chromatography were used to isolate spots from the fraction of the crude extract to elucidate the chemical structure of Dalbergia sissoo (L.) leaf extract. Potential spots have been exposed to techniques of FTIR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. Column chromatography was exposed to the raw extract, obtaining 125 fractions, conducting TLC. Among them was a single band in TLC, characterized by FTIR, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy, and the structure was known as Quercetin. The results of this study indicate the effective potential compound of the ethanolic fraction of Dalbergia sissoo (L.).
Keywords: Dalbergia sissoo; Isolation & Structure Elucidation; FTIR; NMR spectroscopy; Mass spectroscopy.
Public’s Knowledge and Beliefs towards Universal Safety Precautions during COVID-19 Pandemic in Nepal: A web-based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sarraf Deependra Prasad , Gupta Pramendra Prasad , Keshwar Shashi 
Published: June 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been declared as a global pandemic. In the absence of vaccines or specific drugs for COVID-19, a better understanding and implementation of universal safety precautions is essential for the prevention of COVID-19 virus infection globally. People’s adherence to the universal precautions safety measures against COVID-19 is essential which is largely affected by their knowledge and belief.
Objectives: To assess the public’s knowledge and belief toward the universal safety precautions during COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional web-based online survey was conducted in general public in Nepal during April, 2020. A self-designed questionnaire was prepared using Google forms via docs.google.com/forms for the collection of the data. The study participants were grouped into two categories according to their level of knowledge: excellent (score 80% and above) and average (score less than 80%). Descriptive statistics mean, frequency and percentage were used to analyze the data.
Results: Out of 228, majority were male (90.4%) and aged 36-45 years (36%). Mean knowledge score was 4.68±1.41. Most of them (57.9%) had average knowledge. Average of the correct responses in the knowledge and belief domain were found to be 66.9% and 71.2% respectively. Majority of the public (55.3%) believed that home-made alcohol-based hand sanitizer is equally effective to factory-made standard sanitizer against COVID-19 virus.
Conclusion: Knowledge toward universal safety precautions against COVID-19 were average among the majority of the public. There was gap between knowledge and belief domain. There is an unmet need for long term educational interventions among the public regarding the preventive methods against COVID-19.
Keywords: Knowledge; Belief; COVID-19; Nepal; Public; Universal safety precautions.
Ruotsalaista kielipolitiikkaa ja kielenhuoltoa
Authors: Lehti-Eklund Hanna 
Published: June 2020

Arvioitu teos:
Olle Josephson: Språkpolitik. Språkrådets skrifter 25. Tukholma: Morfem 2018. 320 s. isbn 978-91-88419-01-9.
Ukon jälkiä seuraamassa: uutta ja perinteistä paikannimistöntutkimuksen saralta
Authors: Valtonen Taarna 
Published: June 2020

Arvioitu teos:
Tiina Aalto: Ukon jäljet paikoissa ja paikannimissä. Tutkimus ukko-elementin sisältävistä nimistä. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto 2019. 272 s. isbn 978-951-51-5349-4. Saatavilla verkossa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:ISBN 978-951-51-5350-0.
REFLECTIONS ON IMPLEMENTING A STUDENTS-AS-PARTNERS APPROACH TO CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT IN ENGINEERING
Authors: Pearlston Danielle , DaMaren Elizabeth , Mattucci Stephen 
Published: June 2020

The implementation of Students-as-Partners (SaP) with instructors in the co-development of curriculum is becoming an increasingly popular pedagogical model. Enhanced learning outcomes, student satisfaction, and skill development have been demonstrated as a result of SaP work. Engineering educators stand to benefit from this approach, however further investigation is needed to better understand the implications of SaP work on curriculum development processes. Thus, the primary goal of this paper is to provide an analysis of the complexities of the Students-as-Partners approach from an experiential lens of curriculum design in first-year engineering. This study uses a collaborative auto-ethnographic approach to draw from instructor and student written reflections on the process and experiences of working within the SaP model on a first-year engineering curriculum development project. Common themes were identified and synthesized from individual reflections. Important considerations of a partnership include creating a positive climate, pre-existing perceptions of power, framing the project with intention, and taking advantage of niche areas of expertise. Various forms of motivation were also found to influence the partnership dynamics and outcomes. Restraints of partnerships in general were identified in the unequal student representation and the difficult balance of providing guidance and instilling ownership. These findings provide key considerations to engineering educators who may find the SaP approach a viable option in curriculum development processes.
The Nature of a Problem, Problem Diagnosis, and Engineering Design
Authors: Flemming Scott A.C. , Johnston Clifton R. 
Published: June 2020

This work has been motivated by the authors’ past explorations into engineering culture and engineering design which have both exposed the importance of and lack of problem definition in the engineering design process. This paper builds on those previous works and reviews literature from the fields of cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence as well as medical science. Studies in cognitive science have identified that experts perform much better in the complex task of problem identification than novices and that scheme-based instruction can greatly ameliorate novice diagnostic performance in an ill-defined complex domain such as medical science. The authors argue that these results will transfer to the analogous ill-defined and complex domain that is engineering design. In this case, the conclusion of this work is for engineering educators to develop schemes (templates) to describe in broad strokes the “universe of problems” in their particular field to aid their students in diagnosing problems for the purposes of engineering design.
DEVELOPMENT OF “INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING” COURSES FOR FIRST YEAR ENGINEERING STUDENTS: A FOCUS ON STUDENT ATTITUDES
Authors: Frey Joel B. , Banow Ryan 
Published: June 2020

Many students entering an engineering program have a strong appreciation of the importance of math- and science-based skills for their future career as an engineer, but often have little grasp of what it means to be entering a professional college. For this reason, many engineering programs in Canada include some form of an “Introduction to the Engineering Profession” in their first-year program. The University of Saskatchewan’s College of Engineering has been working toward the launch of a completely redesigned first year program. This project has afforded the College an opportunity to apply a novel and transferable approach to shaping this “Introduction to the Engineering” experience. The structure of the proposed new first year program has allowed for short and intensive “Introduction to Engineering” modules, which bookend each of the regular session terms. This timing makes them an orientation for the program, allowing for timely deep dives into matters of importance to engineering students: study skills, time-management, teamwork, self-assessment, support services, student well-being, ethics, academic integrity, and health and safety. The timing of the modules also allows for completion of term-long assignments and reflection on both personal and academic growth. This paper describes the process employed to develop the course learning outcomes, schedule of topics and activities, and syllabi. The process focused on over-arching target attitudes, such as “I am on the path to becoming a professional”, and ensured constructive alignment between these attitudes and the learning outcomes, learning activities, and assessment. The nature of the process made it easy to clarify what was essential to include in the courses, and to make a compelling case for the importance of the courses in the context of a myriad of foundational technical topics.
Persepsi Siswa terhadap Quality of School Life pada Sekolah yang Pernah Mengalami Kondisi Rusak Fisik (Studi Kasus pada SDN X di Jakarta)
Authors: Dorothy Grace Paskahlisa , Monika Monika , Wijaya Erik 
Published: June 2020

Students' perception of school is an important factor in student development in school. This study aims to determine the description of quality of school life of students SDN X in Jakarta. the physical condition of the school that previously suffered total physical damage such as unfit for use, until it undergoes a total renovation and can be reused. The physical condition of the school affects the students' perception of the quality of the students in their school. Quality of school life is a positive or negative experience and other feelings related to the dimensions of school life, in general and in particular. It is the main indicators of the quality of school life for students, to the satisfaction and dissatisfaction, associated with the dimension and results. Research method used is mix method. The subjects of this study are the students of grade IV to VI in SDN X Jakarta amounting to 124 students who distributed questionnaires and 4 students to be interviewed. From the results of quantitative research can be concluded that the picture of quality of school life in SDN X Jakarta tends to be high and students' perceptions of the condition of schools that have been renovated more positive than schools that are still in physical damage, especially in dimensions general satisfaction, negative feelings, and achievement. Based on these results that the physical condition of the school affects students' perceptions of school and student achievement in school. Key words: Quality of school life, primary school, dimension of QSL
Hubungan Humor, Kecerdasan Emosi, dan Tipe Kepribadian (OCEAN) pada Remaja
Authors: Wijaya Erik 
Published: June 2020

This study examines the relationship between humor, emotional intelligence and personality types. Based on the limitations of various studies on humor it is important to agree with intelligence as well as the type of ownership they have. This is because considering subjects who have certain personality types will choose a different style of humor. Personality in this case is OCEAN consists of five type, those are openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness dan neuroticism. Humor consist of three types, those are cognitive humor, neutral humor, and violence humor. Likewise, emotional intelligence possessed by individuals will determine how each of them use humor in everyday life. Youth research subjects from several schools and universities. The sampling method uses convenience sampling technique. Respondent in this research is 1000, consist of male 425 subject (42,5%) and female 575 subject (57.5%). This research produces findings that show a significant relationship between variables and the greatest value in agreeableness personality with emotional intelligence in r = 0.265, p = 0.000 <0.05. The next significant relationship is cognitive humor with emotional intelligence in r = 0.083, p = 0.009 <0.05. The last significant relationship is neutral humor with consciousness personality in r = 0.119, p = 0.000 < 0.05.
Trichome diversity studies in selected species of Sida
Authors: Ashwathy G. , Krishnakumar K. 
Published: June 2020

Sida (Family: Malvaceae) belongs to the genus of flowering plants that possess high medicinal value and is used traditionally in almost all parts of the world. There were about 18 species reported from the state of Kerala (India). Among these, some are with taxonomic controversies. Hence micro-morphological characters of leaves such as trichomes can be used as a taxonomic tool for the identification of plants. Their type, presence, absence and distribution are important diagnostic characters in plant identification and plant taxonomy. Plant samples were collected from different localities of Kerala. Foliar epidermal studies were carried out in order to identify the diversity and distribution of trichomes in the selected species of Sida viz., S. acuta, S. alnifolia, S. beddomei, S. cordata, S. cordifolia, S. fryxelli, S. ravii, S. rhombifolia and S. rhomboidea. Six types of trichomes were identified; they were stellate, conical, forked, capitate (short stalked), uniseriate multicellular and peltate. Stellate trichomes were observed in all the species. Conical trichomes were observed in S. beddomei, S cordata and S. fryxelli. Forked trichome was observed in S. acuta, S. cordata, S. cordifolia, S. ravii, S. rhombifolia and S. rhomboidea. Capitate (short stalked) trichomes were observed in S. acuta, S. alnifolia, S. rhombifolia and S. rhomboidea. Uniseriate multicellular trichomes were observed in S. cordifolia, S. fryxelli and S. ravii. Peltate trichomes are observed in all species except S. beddomei, S. cordifolia and S. fryxelli. However, these species could be easily distinguished by their conical trichomes. A bracketed dichotomous key was prepared for the identification of the species considered for the study.
Conhecimentos de uma equipe multidisciplinar de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil sobre o transtorno espectro autista
Authors: Lima Mayanny da Silva , Rocha Gilma Silva , Lima Najra Danny Pereira , Silva Marcus Vinicius da Rocha Santos da , Carvalho Valeria Silva , Oliveira Mychelle Maria Santos de , Silva Maria Camila da , Medeiros Thalia Costa , Medeiros Thais Costa 
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Averiguar os conhecimentos de uma equipe multidisciplinar de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil sobre o Transtorno do Espectro Autista e identificar a relação das características do Transtorno com o Brincar da criança. Métodos: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de caráter descritiva, exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. O cenário desta investigação foi uma cidade do estado do Maranhão, utilizou-se como campo de pesquisa o Centro de Atenção Psicossocial infanto-juvenil (CAPSIJ), a amostra foi composta por membros da equipe multidisciplinar do referido CAPS. Foi utilizado como material de coleta de dados um questionário com perguntas abertas. Resultados: Os participantes do estudo, em geral, possuem conhecimento superficial sobre o TEA, e, em alguns casos essas concepções são equivocadas, quando não deturpadas.A partir da análise das falas dos profissionais, verificou-se que eles possuem compreensão a algumas características do TEA, no entanto não faziam relação entre essas características e habilidades de brincar. Conclusão: Os profissionais participantes demonstraram pouca segurança em expressar os conceitos básicos do TEA e dificuldades em associar as características do TEA ao brincar funcional. Tal dado pode gerar preocupação quanto a intervenção ofertada a este público. Sugere-se que estudos posteriores investiguem como é realizado o brincar funcional de crianças com TEA.
Palavras-chave: Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA), Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil (CAPS IJ) , Brincar Funcional.
Chemical Compositions in Salinity Waterflooding of Carbonate Reservoirs: Theory
Authors: Yutkin Maxim , Radke Clayton J. , Patzek Tadeusz 
Published: June 2020

Higher oil recovery after waterflood in carbonate reservoirs is attributed to increasing water wettability of the rock that in turn relies on complicated surface chemistry. However, calcite mineral reacts withaqueous solutions, and can alter substantially the composition of injected water by mineral dissolution. Care-fully designed chemical and/or brine flood compositions in the laboratory may not remain intact while theinjected solutions pass through the reactive reservoir rock. This is especially true for a low-salinity waterfloodprocess, where some finely-tuned brine compositions can improve flood performances, whereas others cannot.We present a 1D reactive transport numerical model that captures the changes in injected compositions dur-ing water flow through porous carbonate rock. We include highly coupled bulk aqueous and surface carbonate-reaction chemistry, detailed reaction and mass transfer kinetics, 2:1 calcium ion exchange, and axial dispersion.At typical calcite reaction rates, local equilibrium is established immediately upon injection. Using an open-source algorithm (Charlton and Parkhurst 2011), we present a design tool to specify chemical/brine floodingpackages that correct for composition alteration by carbonate rock.Here, we present a comprehensive 1D reactive transport model and validate it against analytic solutionsfor rock dissolution, ion exchange, and longitudinal dispersion, each considered separately. A companion papercompares the proposed theory against experiments on core plugs of Indiana limestone that serve as high velocityprobes for reaction-controlled and mass-transfer-controlled dissolution. Finally, in another companion paper,we give examples of how injected salinity compositions deviate from those designed in the laboratory for water-wettability improvement based on contact angles, zeta potentials, surface charge densities, and ion exchange.How to correct the design chemical packages for exposure to reactive rock is also discussed in there.
Identification of the mutated sites present in the transmembrane regions of SCN1A_HUMAN (Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 1) using Insilico techniques
Authors: Balaji Munivelan  
Published: June 2020

Mutations in numerous genes which encode for voltage-gated sodium channels give rise to various epilepsy syndromes in humans. Our research investigation mainly focuses on the identification of the integral membrane protein of the SCN1A (Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 1) in humans. Secondary, we focus on the transmembrane membrane (TP) amino acids directly involved in the epilepsy-involved mutated regions. Using Insilico protocols, we identify the TP proteins and amino acids and elucidate the Transmembrane Helix and the inside and outside amino acids regions of the SCN1A. With the help of Insilico proteomics server, the amino acids in the mutated regions involved in the TP were identified. Finally, 3D structure prediction was performed using homology modelling server and the modelled structure was cross validated for the TP and validated. The identified results were validated using molecular visualization tools. We prove that the mutated amino acids are present in the outer membrane of the TP regions. Thus, the outer membrane of sodium channel and the amino acids present in the outer membrane (T875M, R859C, and R1648H) play a vital role in Structure-Based Drug Designing and Drug Docking studies.
Predator occurrence and perceived predation risk determine grouping behavior in guanaco (Lama guanicoe)
Authors: Iranzo EC , Wittmer Heiko , Traba J , Acebes P , Mata C , Malo JE 
Published: June 2020

© 2018 Blackwell Verlag GmbH Grouping behavior of social ungulates may depend on both predator occurrence and perceived predation risk associated with habitat structure, reproductive state, and density of conspecifics. Over 3 years, we studied grouping behavior of guanaco (Lama guanicoe) families in Chilean Patagonia during the birthing season and determined their response to variation in predator occurrence and perceived predation risk (habitat structure, calf/adult rate, and density of conspecifics). We considered the effect of two predators, puma (Puma concolor) and culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus). We measured two common (family group size and vigilance) and one novel (family group cohesion) behavioral responses of guanaco. Our results show that guanaco family groups adapted their grouping behavior to both predator occurrence and perceived predation risk. Larger family groups were found in open habitats and areas with high puma occurrence, while guanacos stayed in small family groups in areas with high shrub cover or low visibility. Group cohesion increased in areas with higher occurrence of pumas and culpeo foxes, and also increased in smaller family groups and in areas with low guanaco density. Vigilance (number of vigilant adults) was mainly related to group size and visibility, increasing in areas with low visibility, while residual vigilance (vigilance after removing the group-size effect) did not vary with the explanatory variables examined. Our results suggest that a mix of predator occurrence and perceived predation risk influences guanaco grouping behavior and highlights the importance of evaluating different antipredator responses together and considering all predator species in studies aimed at understanding ungulate behavior.
Orbita medial duvarındaki kemik dehissansların bilgisayarlı tomografi ile görüntülenmesi ve literatürdeki terminolojik hataların değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Ibrahim Tekdemir  , Fatih Chankal  , Mustafa Kaya  , Neslihan Sari  
Published: June 2020

Orbita medial duvarını oluşturan kemik yapılar lakrimal kemiğin lateral ya da orbital yüzü, maksiller kemiğin frontal prosesi, ethmoid kemiğin lamina papyracea’sı ve sfenoid kemiğin korpusudur. Paranazal sinüsler (PNS) çok fazla varyasyonun görüldüğü bir bölgedir. Kemik yapılar çok ince olup dehisanslar sık görülür [ONODİ 1909].
Bu çalışmamızda standart PNS BT incelemesi yapılan hastalarda kemik devamlılığın bozulduğu vakaların sıklığını, yaş ve cinsiyet ilişkisini araştırmayı, orbita medial duvarındaki kemik defektlerin saptanması konusunda Bilgisayarlı Tomografi etkinliğinin ortaya konulmasını, ayrıca geniş bir literatür taraması ile bu malformasyon konusunda yapılan paylaşımlardaki terminolojik farklılıkların vurgulanmasını amaçladık. Paranazal sinüslere yönelik olarak uygun şartlarda çekilen Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (BT) sinonazal anatomi ve varyasyonları hakkında detaylı bilgiler verir.
Çekimler GE marka IQ model 32 dedektörlü spiral cihaz ile, 130 kV voltaj ve 80-120 mAs değerleri kullanılarak kemik protokolüne uygun olarak yapılmıştır. 115 hastaya (59 erkek, 56 kadın) ait 230 orbita medial duvar incelemesinde 71 adet (%30.9) kemik defekt saptandı (34 erkek, 37 kadın). Bu vakaların 8’inde (4 erkek, 4 kadın) (% 3.5) orbital yağ dokusunun etmoid sinüs içerisine herniasyonu mevcuttur.
Çalışmamızda herniasyon bulunmayan kemik devamlılık kaybı literatürde bahsedilenden fazla bulunmuştur. BT incelemelerinde belli kalınlığın altındaki düşük dansiteli kemik yapının dansite farklılığının ayırt edilememesinin bu sayıdaki büyüklüğün sebebi olabileceği ve bulguların BT çekilen kadavra spesimenlerinde dehisans saptanan örneklere mikrodiseksiyon yapılarak teyit edilebileceği düşünülmüştür.
Sonuç olarak radyolojistlerin PNS CT değerlendirmesinde herniasyon olsa da olmasa da mutlaka bu dehisansların varlığını araştırmaları gerektiği, yapılan yorum ve çalışmalarda herniasyon ve dehisans / Gap kelimelerinin doğru kullanılmasına daha fazla özen gösterilmesi gerektiği kanaatindeyiz.