bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Porcine Kidney-Based Microsurgery Training Model for Developing Basic to Advanced Microsurgical Skills
Authors: dos Reis Jose Maciel Caldas , Teixeira Renan Kleber Costa , Santos Deivid Ramos dos , Calvo Faustino Chaves , de Araújo Nayara Pontes , de Corrêa Junior Wender Jesus Pena , Pimentel Antonio Leonardo Jatahi Cavalcanti , de Barros Rui Sergio Monteiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Microsurgery training is critical to the practice of microvascular procedures in many surgical areas. However, even simple procedures require different levels of complex skills. Therefore, simulation-based surgical training, mainly in the area of vascular anastomosis, is of great importance. In this paper, we present a new microsurgery training model for the development of basic to advanced microsurgical skills.
Methods Porcine kidneys were purchased from a legal butchery slaughterhouse. First, kidneys were washed with water to remove blood and clots inside vessels. Then, dissection was performed throughout the vascular pedicle from the renal arteries to the segmentary branches. Finally, the longitudinal sectioning of the kidney parenchyma was performed to expose the vessels necessary for training. Sixty end-to-end anastomoses were performed. Specific instruments and materials were used to perform anastomoses and dissections with magnification by a video system. We evaluated the diameter of vessels, time to perform anastomosis, and patency of anastomosis.
Results There was no great anatomical variation among the porcine kidneys. The total length for dissection training was 25.80 ± 7.44 cm using the arterial and venous vessel. The average time to perform arterial anastomoses was 23.79 ± 4.55 minutes. For vessel diameters of ≤ 3, 4 to 6, and 7 to 10 mm, the average procedure times were 27.68 ± 3.39, 22.92 ± 4.12, and 20.77 ± 3.44 minutes, respectively. Regarding venous anastomosis, the average duration of the procedure was 26.17 ± 4.80 minutes, including durations of 31.61 ± 3.86, 25.66 ± 4.19, and 21.24 ± 3.79 minutes for vessel diameters of ≤ 7, 8 to 10, and >10 mm, respectively. Positive patency was achieved in all surgeries.
Conclusion The porcine kidney provides an inexpensive and convenient biological model for modeling microanastomosis with high fidelity to vascular structures.
Proteomic analysis on Aspergillus strains that are useful for industrial enzyme production
Authors: Takagi Shinobu , Kojima Kaihei , Ohashi Shinichi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A simple intracellular proteomic study was conducted to investigate the biological activities of Aspergillus niger during industrial enzyme production. A strain actively secreting a heterologous enzyme was compared to a reference strain. In total, 1824 spots on 2-D gels were analyzed using MALDI-TOF MS, yielding 343 proteins. The elevated levels of UPR components, BipA, PDI, and calnexin, and proteins related to ERAD and ROS reduction, were observed in the enzyme-producer. The results suggest the occurrence of these responses in the enzyme-producers. Major glycolytic enzymes, Fba1, EnoA, and GpdA, were abundant but at a reduced level relative to the reference, indicating a potential repression of the glycolytic pathway. Interestingly, it was observed that a portion of over-expressed heterologous enzyme accumulated inside the cells and digested during fermentation, suggesting the secretion capacity of the strain was not enough for completing secretion. Newly identified conserved-proteins, likely in signal transduction, and other proteins were also investigated.
Abbreviations: 2-D: two-dimensional; UPR: unfolded protein response; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERAD: ER-associated protein degradation; PDI: protein disulfide-isomerase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; RESS: Repression under Secretion Stress; CSAP: Conserved Small Abundant Protein; TCTP: translationally controlled tumor protein.
Topological sensitivities via a Lagrangian approach for semilinear problems
Authors: Sturm Kevin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper we present a methodology that allows the efficient computation of the topological derivative for semilinear elliptic problems within the averaged adjoint Lagrangian framework. The generality of our approach should also allow the extension to evolutionary and other nonlinear problems. Our strategy relies on a rescaled differential quotient of the averaged adjoint state variable which we show converges weakly to a function satisfying an equation defined in the whole space. A unique feature and advantage of this framework is that we only need to work with weakly converging subsequences of the differential quotient. This allows the computation of the topological sensitivity within a simple functional analytic framework under mild assumptions.
MD-NDNet: a multi-dimensional convolutional neural network for false-positive reduction in pulmonary nodule detection
Authors: Wu Zhan , Ge Rongjun , Shi Gonglei , Zhang Lu , Chen Yang , Luo Limin , Cao Yu , Yu Hengyong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPulmonary nodule false-positive reduction is of great significance for automated nodule detection in clinical diagnosis of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening. Due to individual intra-nodule variations and visual similarities between true nodules and false positives as soft tissues in LDCT images, the current clinical practices remain subject to shortcomings of potential high-risk and time-consumption issues. In this paper, we propose a multi-dimensional nodule detection network (MD-NDNet) for automatic nodule false-positive reduction using deep convolutional neural network (DCNNs). The underlying method collaboratively integrates multi-dimensional nodule information to complementarily and comprehensively extract nodule inter-plane volumetric correlation features using three-dimensional CNNs (3D CNNs) and spatial nodule correlation features from sagittal, coronal, and axial planes using two-dimensional CNNs (2D CNNs) with attention module. To incorporate different sizes and shapes of nodule candidates, a multi-scale ensemble strategy is employed for probability aggregation with weights. The proposed method is evaluated on the LUNA16 challenge dataset in ISBI 2016 with ten-fold cross-validation. Experiment results show that the proposed framework achieves classification performance with a CPM score of 0.9008. All of these indicate that our method enables an efficient, accurate and reliable pulmonary nodule detection for clinical diagnosis.
Dipole coupling of a hole double quantum dot in germanium hut wire to a microwave resonator
Authors: Xu Gang , Li Yan , Gao Fei , Li Hai-Ou , Liu He , Wang Ke , Cao Gang , Wang Ting , Zhang Jian-Jun , Guo Guang-Can , Guo Guo-Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The germanium (Ge) hut wire system has strong spin–orbit coupling, a long coherence time due to a very large heavy-light hole splitting, and the advantage of site-controlled large-scale hut wire positioning. These properties make the Ge hut wire a promising candidate for the realization of strong coupling of spin to superconducting resonators and scalability for multiple qubit coupling. We have coupled a reflection line resonator to a hole double quantum dot (DQD) formed in Ge hut wire. The amplitude and phase responses of the microwave resonator revealed that the charge stability diagrams of the DQD are in good agreement with those obtained from transport measurements. The DQD interdot tunneling rate is shown to be tunable from 6.2 GHz to 8.5 GHz, which demonstrates the ability to adjust the frequency detuning between the qubit and the resonator. Furthermore, we achieved a hole–resonator coupling strength of up to 15 MHz, with a charge qubit decoherence rate of 0.28 GHz. Meanwhile the hole spin–resonator coupling rate was estimated to be 3 MHz. These results suggest that holes of a DQD in a Ge hut wire are dipole coupled to microwave photons, potentially enabling tunable hole spin–photon interactions in Ge with an inherent spin–orbit coupling.
Photon statistics and signal to noise ratio for incoherent diffraction imaging
Authors: Trost Fabian , Ayyer Kartik , Chapman Henry N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Intensity interferometry is a well known method in astronomy. Recently, a related method called incoherent diffractive imaging (IDI) was proposed to apply intensity correlations of x-ray fluorescence radiation to determine the 3D arrangement of the emitting atoms in a sample. Here we discuss inherent sources of noise affecting IDI and derive a model to estimate the dependence of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) on the photon counts per pixel, the temporal coherence (or number of modes), and the shape of the imaged object. Simulations in two- and three-dimensions have been performed to validate the predictions of the model. We find that contrary to coherent imaging methods, higher intensities and higher detected counts do not always correspond to a larger SNR. Also, larger and more complex objects generally yield a poorer SNR despite the higher measured counts. The framework developed here should be a valuable guide to future experimental design.
BMP-2 and hMSC dual delivery onto 3D printed PLA-Biogel scaffold for critical-size bone defect regeneration in rabbit tibia
Authors: Han Shi Huan , Cha Misun , Jin Yuan-Zhe , Lee Kyung-Mee , Lee Jae Hyup 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
3D printing technology has various advantages, and the incorporation of bioactive substances into the 3D printed scaffold provides the biological and architectural characteristics of the scaffolds, which is very important for obtaining a good osseointegration effect. In this relation, this study prepared a novel porous hollow cage poly(lactic acid) (PLA) 3D printed scaffold and combined recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and/or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with Biogel composed of gelatin and alginate. Then, the scaffolds were used to evaluate the resulting bone regeneration through both in vitro and in vivo tests. The experimental group was divided into four groups as follows: only PLA scaffold (PLA); PLA scaffold filled with BMP-2 loaded on Biogel (P-BG-B2); PLA scaffold filled with MSCs encapsulated Biogel (P-BG-M); PLA scaffold filled with both BMP-2 and MSCs loaded on Biogel (P-BG-B2-M). Then in vitro results showed that the PLA-Biogel-based scaffold increased cell proliferation, and the P-BG-B2-M group showed a higher alkaline phosphatase activity and bone-related gene expression than was seen with the P-BG-M group at all the time points. It was shown that four weeks post-operative micro-CT analysis showed that within the defect site the P-BG-B2 group had a significantly higher percent bone volume (BV/TV) than the PLA group and P-BG-M group. And, out of the defect site, the P-BG-B2-M group BV/TV was shown significantly higher than the PLA group (p < 0.05). Histologically, defects in the P-BG-B2-M group showed a homogeneous new bone distribution, however the P-BG-B2 group and P-BG-M group presented a notably higher bone formation in the internal region than in the proximal region of the bone defect site. In conclusion, the 3D PLA-Biogel-based scaffold adapted rhBMP-2 and MSCs with carrier PLA showed good biocompatibility and high possibility as an effective and satisfactory bone graft material.
Planning for interpretation trail in Lalana Hill based on community at Cibadak Village,Ciampea Districk
Authors: Sari Hasibuan Ratna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Lalana Hill contains karst. Karst has a distinctive natural panorama that can be used as a tourist attraction for rock climbing, but there is no interpretation trail made in that place so that, it is essential that the interpretation trail has to be made. The purposte of this study was to identify the Lalana Hill interpretation trail and facilitate the establishment of Cibadak Village tourism institutions. The research method was descriptive, with data obtained in a survey and analyzed using Quantum 2.1 software overlayed with maps of Ciampea taken from Google Earth to produce an interpretation trail. The interpretation trail that resulted from this research were nine roots, ompol flowers, Melehoy, love climbs, Sawarna cliffs and peak Lalana.
Proposed classification of waste that landed on small island in Indonesia for the conservation of waterbird
Authors: Nadyanti Ivonie Regia , Mardiastuti Ani , Aulia Rahman Dede 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Studies on waste in Indonesia has intensified after this country was identified as the second most plastic waste in the world. The study site was in Pulau Rambut Wildlife Sanctuary (Jakarta Bay area), where 13 rivers ended in the bay. Waste that has landed in Pulau Rambut could disturb waterbirds’s habitat. Waste was usually classified by using foreign country’s situation. Researchers usually classify waste into 6 categories: plastic, metal, glass, rubber, processed lumber/paper, and cloth/fabric. These categories are then divided in more detail, e.g. 18 types of plastic and 3 types of metal. However, some of the wastes that has been found were not classified yet. The objective of this paper was to propose classification of waste that has landed on small island in Indonesia. We identified waste that has landed in Pulau Rambut then reviewed and modified the standard classification by NOAA and UNEP. The proposed classification is organic and non-organic. This classification is to be applied for the waste that landed on small island. For household waste in urban area or along the rivers need to be developed further.
Bird species diverity in several types of land cover in Gunung Bromo University Forest, Karanganyar, Central Java
Authors: Masyithoh G , Nayasilana I N , Sugiyarto  
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Gunung Bromo University Forest is a sub urban forest near human settlements that located in Karanganyar, Central Java. Still rarely research on bird species in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on birds diversity in Gunung Bromo University Forest to help on understanding its habitat conditions. The data will be useful for determining forest management. The aims of this research were to identify birds diversity and to find out bird guild composition. This research was conducted in various land cover types at Gunung Bromo University Forest on April-August 2019. Observation was conducted in the morning and afternoon with IPA (Indices Ponctuel d’Abondance) methode. Research area were divided into 6 observation plots, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6. Total species found in this study were 44 species of birds from 25 families. There were 2 species of protected birds, crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela) and crested hawk-eagle (Spizaetus cirrhatus). Sooty-headed bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster), javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides), common iora (Aegithina tiphia), linchi swiftlet (Collocalia linci), spotted dove (Spilopelia chinensis), collared kingfisher (Todiramphus chloris), and coppersmith barbet (Psilopogon haemacephalus) were the most common species in all observation plot. Insectivorous birds were the most common species found. Based on Margalef species richness index, S1 had the highest number of bird species while S6 had the lowest number of bird species. Eventhough total species that found in S3 was lower than S6, it had higher value of Margalef species richness index compare to S3.
Insects as food source for cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) in Jatibarang landfill, Semarang
Authors: Imam Fadila M. , Mardiastuti Ani , Aryati Mulyani Yeni 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the Jatibarang waste landfill, many cattle egrets were foraging for food insects. The objective of this paper was to identify insect (larvae and imago) and its abundance in Jatibarang waste landfill during March to May 2019. Plots (27 plots, 0.5x0.5m) were selected and insect larvae were collected beneath the wastes. Sweep net were used to sample flying (imago) insects. Population of cattle egret were estimated through counting from vantage points. There were 27 species of insects (larva and imago combined). Insect from the order of Diptera, mainly Musca domestica (houseflies) dan Chrysomya megacephala (oriental latrine fly) were dominant in the study area. Other insect found were 4 species of flies, 4 species of dragonflies, 5 species of butterflies and 2 species of grasshoppers. High diversity and density (up to 3373.33 individuals/m2) of the insects in in the garbage dump was able to support high population of cattle egrets, as many as 3365 indviduals. The waste landfill can serve as an artified feeding ground for cattle egrets due the abundant larvae and imago insects.
Medicinal plants of the Lesser Sunda Islands
Authors: Hidayat Syamsul , Zuhud Ervizal A.M. , Widyatmoko Didik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe ethnobotanical studies of medicinal plants have been carried out including the main ethnic groups in the Lesser Sunda Islands. The recapitulation results from the six main ethnic groups of the Lesser Sunda Islands recorded 279 species of medicinal plants (consisting of 181 wild species and 98 domesticated plants) belonging to 225 genera and 83 families. Some species recorded belong to the threatened categories, such asSantalum album, Strychnos lucida, Alstonia scholaris,andSwietenia macrophylla. Compositae was the largest family comprising 19 species followed by Fabaceae with 18 species. Of the 95 sick complaints or disease types recorded, 17 of which used more than 10 species of medicinal plants. The most common disease to use medicinal plants was fever, which utilized 41 different species. There were many similarities in the uses of medicinal plants, the highest similarity was between Sumbawa and Timor with a similarity index of 0.40 and the lowest was between Sumba and Flores with a similarity index of 0.15. It is suspected that there are still many potential plants that have not been recorded and have not been utilized by the people of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Therefore, intensive data collections need to be continued in order to preserve local knowledge and conserve medicinal plant diversity.
Pulse variations of the advertisement calls of slender toads, genus Ansonia (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae) species complex in the Philippines
Authors: Bedoya N A , Nuñeza O M , Amparado Jr R F , Torres M A J , Leaño E P 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The study was undertaken with the notion that pulse, as the smallest undividable unit of calling frogs/toads and a static variable, is a relevant parameter for species recognition, particularly pulse rates and number of pulses per call. Thus, would help shed light in the reassessment of the identity of the Ansonia species complex. The pulse characteristics of the advertisement calls of Ansonia species recorded from the eight rivers in Mindanao, Philippines were described and differentiated in relation to their call features, body sizes, and the ecological attributes of the rivers. The number of pulses per call, pulse rate, pulse duration, and interval were taken into account and analyzed for bioacoustics using Raven Pro 1.4 for Windows (2011). Five one-minute-call slices served as replicates per individual toad recording using a Tascam DR-1 Portable Solid State Recorder and a uni-directional external microphone. Results revealed variations in these pulse characteristics. These pulse features showed highly significant variations except for pulse interval. In general, Ansonia sp.1 of Maragang River stood as one cluster from the rest of the toads. These features also exhibited high correlations with other call parameters, peak call frequency, body sizes, and ecological features.
Is it true that forest and land fires caused the extinction of biodiversity…?
Authors: Santosa Yanto , Yudea Utami Catharina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Every year forest fire are raging across Indonesia, causing economic and ecological losses. The thought that forest fire is pushing species towards extinction resulted in a lawsuit against fires in industrial forest, although the lawsuit sometimes are not based on scientifically studies. Since 2015 some studies has been held to learn more about the effect of forest fire on species diversity. Based on the word meaning of extinction, it shows that forest fires did not cause an extinction of a species, when a species is extinct or gone in some areas but still can be found in another areas, it is called extirpation. Extinct is when no doubt that the last individual species in the world is died. Furthermore, based on many researches that have been held before, 29% research showed that the fire impact on the decrease of the species number, while 58% showed the increasing impact and 13% resulted in no change. In line with that, the impact on species richness resulted with 27% of decrease, 61% increase, 12% has no change. Meanwhile on the impact of species composition, 33% research mention that there are change 50-75% in species composition and 67% research mention that there are <50% change in species composition. The opposite of the most lawsuit that has been given, it showed that fire impact tends to increase the number of species and species richness, compared to the value of the decrease, with tendencies that the change in species composition is not significant (<50%). In conclusion, forest fire did not result in species extinction, it results in the form of a decrease and or even an increase in the number of species or species richness index and changes in species composition.
Effect of forest fire on mammals: comparisons of species diversity on different time-period and area
Authors: Santosa Y , Kwatrina R T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Fire is one of the threats to biodiversity, although it also has a positive impact on particular species. It is important to understand the response of mammals to fire concerning its function as key components of the food webs and the essential role in the ecosystem. To investigate the impact of fire on mammal biodiversity, a 40 days observation was conducted on two period times (two years and four years after fires) at a sago plantation forest in Riau Province, Indonesia. A strip transect method as direct observation was used at three conditions (burned areas, unburned areas, and conservation areas) together with traps for indirect observations. Fires have an impact on decreasing the number of species, species richness, and composition of mammals at two years after the fire but do not cause the extinction of all mammal species. The fire also impacted the number of species gain and loss, where no addition to the number of species lost in two periods. Species begin to recovery after four years including adapted generalist species, e.g. Macaca fascicularis. The presence of three different areas forms habitat heterogeneity that affects the diversity of mammal species in a post-fire habitat.
Frugivorous Birds in Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Thaha Syaifuddin Jambi, Jambi
Authors: Abdillah N K , Mulyani Y A , Rahman D A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Frugivorous birds play an important role in forests regeneration by dispersing seeds from the fruit that has been digested by the bird. Taman Hutan Raya Sultan Thaha Syaifuddin is one of the disturbed forests in Jambi Province. In 2015, the province experienced a large fire that nearly devoured its entire area and left very little natural forest. The current land cover includes logged-over secondary forest, after-burnt forest and shrubs, oil palm plantation and some rubber plantation. The objective of this study was to document and compare the species composition of frugivorous birds in the four habitat types. Point counts with a radius of 50 m was used to document the birds. Fifteen sample points with 10 min duration were established in each of the four habitats. Fourteen frugivorous bird species belonging to 6 families were identified. Natural forest held the highest richness and diversity of frugivorous birds (D
Mg
=2.484, H’=2.05), while the oil palm plantation held the lowest richness and diversity (D
Mg
: 0.887, H’=0.74). Sooty-headed Bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster) and Orange-bellied Flowerpecker (Dicaeum trigonostigma) were dominant in every habitat.