bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescents’ use of an online question-answer service to gain health knowledge
Authors: Lassemo E , Sand K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Adolescents prefer to collect information online. However, research has also shown than adolescents lack competency in googling information. Furthermore, boys are less likely than girls to seek help and to discuss their problems. Hence, an online information and question-answer (QA) service staffed by professionals, like ung.no, may provide what adolescents desire. The ung.no QA service is open to ages 13-20, and all questions and answers are publicly available in a searchable database.
The aim of the present study is to investigate who the users of the ung.no QA-service are and what their main concerns are.

Methods
Data consisted of all questions posted to ung.no 2016-2018. Descriptive analyses were performed using categorization of questions established by ung.no.

Results
The data consisted of N = 128 289 questions. Overall 68.5% of questions were posted by girls (p &lt; 0.01). The gender option ’other’ was chosen by 1.7%. Younger adolescents aged 13-16 posted 66.1% of the questions (p &lt; 0.01). The age imbalance was most pronounced among girls. The age distribution suggests that users &lt;13 and &gt;20 present themselves as 13- and 20-year olds respectively. Three categories contained 80% of questions, these concerned: body and health (48.1%); school and education; and friends and love. While 52.4% of girls’ questions concerned body and health, boys’ questions were more evenly distributed among categories. Boys had, relatively, more questions regarding laws and rights, intoxicating substances and school, education and work.

Conclusions
Analyses reveal that 7 out of 10 users of the ung.no QA service are girls, and that the main area of concern is body and health. Results indicate a need for this QA service for wider age-range. The outreach of the ung.no QA service is universal, and hence has great potential public health impact. The results call for action identifying ways to reach boys and in turn efface gender inequality in help seeking behaviour and improve public health.

Key messages
Seven out of 10 users of a public digital QA service for adolescents ages 13-20 are girls, and seven out of 10 are in the youngest age group 13-16. The main areas of concern posted to a public digital QA service are regarding body and health, and school and education.
The role of maternal psychological control and pressure on body image in a child's drive for thinness
Authors: Hricova L , Bacikova-Sleskova M , Benka J , Orosova O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The drive for thinness (DFT), an indicator of disordered eating, is strongly predicted by body dissatisfaction (BD). In early adolescence, there are other predictors of DFT which rise from the mother-child relationship such as maternal psychological control (PC) and the motheŕs pressure on the child's body image (MP). The explanation of DFT by the child's self-perception of BD and PC as well as the mother’s perception of MP among early-adolescent boys and girls has great importance for public health and is therefore the aim of this study.

Methods
The research sample consisted of 191 Slovak adolescents (53.4% of girls, Mage=12.54, SD = 0.58) who completed the Children’s Body Image Scale, DFT subscale of Eating Disorders Inventory, Psychological Control Scale-Youth Self-Report; and their mothers (Mage=40.45, SD = 4.71) who completed the Parental Influence Subscale. Structural equation modelling was performed.

Results
A hypothesized model was tested to explain DFT by PC and BD, associated with four sources of MP. The tested model did not fit the data well enough. A modified model, where three insignificant sources of MP were excluded, fitted the data well (SRMR=.06, CFI=.95, RMSEA=.04, PCLOSE=.74) and explained 22% of the variance in DFT. The model was statistically equivalent for both genders. DFT was associated with BD (β=.42; &lt;.001), PC (β=.2; &lt;.05) and indirectly with the source of MP - child's body image preoccupation (CBI) (β=.15; &lt;.05), through BD. CBI was associated with BD (β=.27; &lt;.05).

Conclusions
The results point to the importance of BD, PC and CBI - a factor reflecting motheŕs direct pressure on the child's body image, in explaining DFT among early adolescent boys and girls. Other sources of MP (reflecting the motheŕs concern about her own body image) were not significant in this context. BD and disordered eating prevention strategies for adolescents indicate a respectful mother-child relationship, avoiding pressure and control.

Key messages
A motheŕs direct pressure on child's body image, psychological control and body dissatisfaction are significant in explaining the drive for thinness among early adolescents. Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating prevention strategies for adolescents indicate a respectful mother–child relationship, avoiding pushing a child to think, feel, or act as the mother wants.
How early childhood services address health inequalities and child wellbeing in France
Authors: Guével M R , Cury P , Bissège F , Pironom J , Dollet A , Quidu F , Porcherie M , Gasquet-Blanchard C , Simar C ,   The Récits project
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Early childhood (0-6 years old) is a key period when talking about health inequalities (HI) and child wellbeing. Over the past decades, research has shown the importance of early investment. In France, early childhood is a period covered by different public policies and different stakeholders from different sectors, i.e. health, education, childcare facilities, social affairs, recreational activities, etc. Both coverage of 0-6 years and intersectorality, are rarely connected in the literature. Based on Bronfenbrenner ecological approach, the Récits project aims to better understand how issues related to HI and child wellbeing are addressed at a local level within local policies as well as by professionals from the different sectors. It also aims to better understand the relations established by families with those professionals.
Two French départements are studied: Allier (03) and Ille-et-Vilaine (35); both are characterised by social and spatial HI. Within these departments, two local authorities were selected as case studies for in depth analysis: secondary analysis of social and health indicators are carried out and qualitative data are gathered through the collection of institutional documents, observations and interviews with local decision-makers, professionals and families.
First results, focusing on local public policies and how they are implemented by local stakeholders, highlight the diversity of the strategies developed according to the local social context and to the sector. Partnership between the different sectors is valued in policies however the way they work varied, notably, depending on the history of the collaboration.
By clarifying the issues related to the articulation between public policies, local interventions and individual and collective practices of early childhood professionals, this research will contribute to improve and develop strategies to reduce HI and support children and families with respect to their expectations.

Key messages
Thanks to its ecological and intersectoral approach, this project will highlight how early childhood services may contribute to tackle health inequalities and to improve child WB. Addressing the complexity of the interactions between public policies, professionals and families will lead to a better understanding of the current challenges crossing the field of early childhood.
External resources of resilience in association with the alcohol use among early adolescents
Authors: Abrinkova L , Orosová O , Bacikova-Sleskova M , Štefaňáková M , Gajdošová B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to explore the role of external resources of resilience in explaining the alcohol use in past 30 days among early adolescents.

Methods
A representative sample of 653 (52.9% girls) early adolescents (mean age =11.72 at T1; mean age = 13.09 at T5) was collected within a five wave repeated measure design with a baseline(T1), 3-month follow up(T2), 6-month (T3), 12-month(T4) and 18-month follow-up(T5). Alcohol use (AU) in the past 30 days was measured by a questionnaire of the international study ESPAD. School support (SS), school activities participation (SAP), home support (HS) and home activities participation (HAP) were measured by the Resilience Youth Development Module and represented external resources of resilience. Respondent's AU (dichotomized: 0-not used, 1-used) served as the outcome variable and external resources of resilience served as the independent variables. Binary logistic regressions were used to analyze the data.

Results
At T1, SS (95% CI = 0.77-0.96; p&lt;0.01) was associated with lower AU while SAP (95% CI = 1.00-1.36; p&lt;0.05) was associated with higher AU. At T2, SS (95% CI = 0.73-0.94; pα&lt;0.01) and HS (95% CI = 0.70-0.98; pα&lt;0.05) were associated with lower AU. AT T3, no significant association was found with AU and finally at T4 and T5 only HS (95% CI = 0.81-1.00; T4=pα&lt;0.05), (95% CI = 0.78-0.96; T5=pα&lt;0.01) remained significantly associated with lower AU at T4 and T5 while controlling for alcohol use at T1. AU increased significantly across the five waves (pα&lt;0.01). Gender differences in AU were found only at T1 (p&lt;0.01) with boys scoring higher.

Conclusions
The 5 measurement revealed a trend of the external resources of resilience in AU shifting from the school environment to the home environment. Moreover, it seems that SAP is associated with a higher probability of AU through more opportunities for group activities which are often associated with AU.

Key messages
School environment plays an important role in explaining AU in younger early adolescents. Home environment plays an important role in explaining AU in older early adolescents. The results point to an increasing trend in alcohol use among early adolescents.
Childhood life events and disturbed eating behaviors in a population-based cohort in the Netherlands
Authors: Thomas R , Diemer E , Siliquini R , Jansen P W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Adversities such as maltreatment and physical and emotional abuse are recognized risk factors for eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents and adults, but whether such adversities are also associated with eating behaviors in childhood has been less explored. Our aim was to examine whether a wide range of life events can predict emotional overeating and restrained eating in childhood, which are potential precursors of EDs.

Methods
The study is embedded in Generation R, a prospective population-based cohort. The sample included 4653 children aged 10 years. Emotional overeating was assessed with the Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and restrained eating with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Mothers reported the occurrence of 24 adverse events in their offspring’s childhood. Regression analyses were conducted, both unadjusted and adjusted for gender, ethnicity, and parental education and psychopathology.

Results
Unadjusted models showed that a higher number of life events is associated with more emotional overeating and more restrained eating; effect estimates attenuated slightly in the adjusted model, but remained significant (per 1 more life event: B = 0.05, 95%CI 0.02-0.08; B = 0.04, 95%CI 0.02-0.07, respectively). Particularly, participants who experienced at least 3 life events had high levels of emotional overeating and restrained eating (adjusted model: B = 0.20, 95%CI 0.06-0.33; B = 0.21, 95%CI 0.08-0.33, respectively). The specific maltreatment related life events were not significantly associated with eating behaviors, probably due to low prevalence of these events (n = 149).

Conclusions
This novel, population-based study shows that early life adversities may predict disordered eating behaviors in childhood. The results are in line with clinical studies on life events and EDs. If the studied eating behaviors are indeed precursors of EDs, these results may offer potential for prevention and early intervention to avoid the development of full-blown EDs.

Key messages
Eating disorders account for more than 2% of the global disease burden, thus representing a major Public Mental Health topic in the EU; more and new measures are required for early detection purposes. Life adversities predict disordered eating behaviors in childhood, which are considered precursors of eating disorders: early detection of this association may avoid development of eating disorders.
Raising young people’s awareness on sexual and reproductive health issues
Authors: Papadakaki M , Plevri M , Vagionaki K , Papadomanolakis G , Androulaki R , Tsiritas G , Koutroumanou L M , Aleiferis G , Vasilakis M , Chliaoutakis J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Issue/problem
Despite the high prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases(STIs) and abortions among Greek youth, sexuality education is not yet part of the curriculum of Greek schools and the Greek family is not ready to address these issues with comfort.

Description of the problem
A “one-stop information point” was organized for one week in major cities of Crete Region as part of a community health program, which was funded by the Regional Authority of Crete to address “Gender Equality in the Region of Crete within 2018-2020”. The project aimed at increasing young people’s awareness of sexual health issues using a “peer education” approach and a youth-friendly information package. Undergraduate students from health, mental health and social care professions acted as volunteers upon receiving a rigorous 2-day training by sexual and reproductive health experts. The questions to be answered by the project were: “What are the main concerns of adolescents regarding their sexual health? How much satisfaction could adolescents gain by a “one stop information point” and a youth friendly “information package” offered by peers?

Results
Serious information gaps regarding contraception and STI’s and a number of stereotypes regarding healthy relations and sexual orientation have been recorded. Gender dysphoria is still an issue that remains unaddressed among young people. A youth-friendly website (LaHeRS Lab) and short videos are now available as part of the project to facilitate young people’s access to information. A large social media network of young people interested in sexual health issues has been formed locally and is growing nationally. The intervention was received with satisfaction.

Lessons
“One-stop information centres” and “peer education” have been an ideal combination to address sensitive issues among young people.

Key messages
Knowledge gaps and unsafe sexual practices are prevalent among adolescents. Sexuality education should be offered in early school life.
Is school furniture design a contributing factor to low back pain in adolescents?
Authors: Ben Ayed H , Jedidi J , Cheikhrouhou F , Ayadi A , Yaich S , Damak J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Recent evidence showed that low back pain (LBP) is frequent among youth. Individual etiologic factors are most often associated with musculoskeletal overuse and altered postural control. This study aimed to evaluate the association between school furniture design and LBP in school-adolescents.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire distributed to school-adolescents aged 12-18 years, in Southern Tunisia, 2018. We performed a stratified three-step sample to obtain a representative sample of 1400 subjects.

Results
The response rate was 87.2% (1221 students). The mean schoolbag weight was 3±1.3 kg. The schoolbag to body weight ratio was 0.05±0.03. The main method of carrying a schoolbag was on both shoulders (57.2%). During the last 3 months, LBP was reported in 391 cases (32%). Multivariate analysis using logistic regression showed that high-school grade was independently associated with LBP (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=2.7;95% CI = [1.9-3.7];p&lt;0.001). Classroom furniture and layout design independently associated with LBP included too low seat backrest (AOR=1.4;95% CI = [1.12-1.87];p=0.005), too far seat to black(board) distance (AOR=1.5;95% CI = [1.1-2.2];p=0.041), schoolbag to body weight ratio ≥10% (AOR=1.7;95% CI = [1.2-2.4]; p = 0.002) and carrying schoolbag for 30-60 minutes (AOR=1.48;95% CI = [1.1-2.1]; p = 0.029). Otherwise, carrying school bag by hand (AOR=0.25; 95% CI = [0.07-0.89]; p = 0.033) was found to be independently associated with lower prevalence of LBP complaints.

Conclusions
Current design of school furniture is not compatible with the adequate purposed dimensions in students. It increased substantially the risk of LBP, which emphasizes the need for multi-disciplinary approach involving teachers, policy makers and health care professionals.

Key messages
School related LBP may threaten the physical performance and the social life of adolescents. Revising school environments and radical ergonomic interventions are mandatory.
Features of establishment of early lactation in women who gave birth after in vitro fertilization
Authors: Samchuk P , Rozalieva Y , Gil A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Breastfeeding gives babies the best possible start in life and breastmilk works like a baby’s first vaccine. Pregnancy resulting from IVF is often associated with placental insufficiency in which the hormone-producing function of placenta can be compromised that may result in reduced lactogenesis. The aim was to study the emergence of early lactation after IVF in women with a history of infertility.

Methods
The study involved 34 women after IVF with a singleton full-term pregnancy with a history of tubal-peritoneal infertility. Control group comprised of 47 women with naturally occurred pregnancy. Delivery occurred naturally. All women were assessed for hormonal function of placenta for a period of 16-18, 28-32, and 37-38 weeks of pregnancy. The average daily amount of milk on a 5th day after delivery was measured.

Results
In the IVF group vs. control group there was a decrease in the production of hormones by the placenta (progesterone, estriol, placental lactogen) preparing the mammary glands for lactation (p &lt; 0.05). At gestational age of 16-18 weeks progesterone level in IVF group was 172.2±10.72 nmol/l; 28-32: 274.2±8.45 nmol/l; 37-38 weeks: 343.2±9,1 nmol/l. The level of estriol at 16-18 weeks was 2.87±1.42 ng/ml; 28-32: 10.94±0.6 ng/ml; 37-38 weeks: 25.21±0.22 ng/ml. Placental lactogen at16-18 weeks: 1.15±0.2 nmol/l; 28-32: 6.39±0.69 nmol/l; 37-38 weeks: 7.23±0.59 nmol/l. On day 5 normal lactation was observed in 21(62%) and 43(91.5%) women in IVF and control group, respectively (p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Increased number of cases of hypolactation was observed in women after IVF, which was associated with decrease in the hormonal function of placenta. Women who have given birth to children after IVF require special attention from the side of medical personnel and from loved ones in the early stages of establishment of breastfeeding.

Key messages
IVF is a risk factor for hypolactation, which is associated with placental hormone-producing insufficiency. Women who have given birth after IVF require support aimed at promotion of early lactation and breastfeeding.
Screening for celiac disease in school aged children in Croatia
Authors: Petricevic-Vidovic T P V , Musil V M , Sičaja E S , Mišak Z M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Celiac disease primarily affects small intestine and occurs as an immune-based reaction to dietary gluten in wheat, barley and rye. There has been a significant increase in prevalence and an increase in diagnosis rate due to diagnostic tests improvements. Celiac disease can present with gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal abnormalities, but also many individuals may have no symptoms at all. Early diagnosis of celiac disease is essential, because untreated disorder may result in serious complications. The aim of this study was to detect celiac disease in asymptomatic school-aged children and to determine prevalence rate.

Methods
Cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 2000 children in school year 2018/2019 in school health service. The sample comprised 15.8% of elementary school first grade population in City of Zagreb, aged 6-7 years. SimtomaX in-vitro rapid screening test was used to detect IgA and IgG deamidated gliadin peptide and/or IgA deficiency. Children with positive tests were referred to clinical diagnostic. Data were analysed by descriptive statistic.

Results
The study comprised 1404 children (51% girls, response rate 70%). Positive result was found in 5.6% children (42 girls and 37 boys). Up to now, celiac disease was confirmed with duodenal biopsy in 0.5% asymptomatic children (3 girls, 4 boys).

Conclusions
The results of the study showed prevalence of celiac disease of 0.5% in asymptomatic first grade school children. Children diagnosed with celiac disease require gluten-free diet and follow-up of gastroenterologist, nutritionist and school doctor. The results of the study will be used to raise the awareness and encourage more active search for celiac disease among asymptomatic school children.

Key messages
Recognition of celiac disease in asymptomatic children reduces risk of complications. Adequate diet for individuals with celiac disease should be ensured from kindergarten through school time.
Social deprivation and adverse perinatal outcomes in France: national study of preterm and SGA birth
Authors: Barry Y , Gallay A , Regnault N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
A slow but steady increase in preterm birth (PTB) rate has been reported in France in the last decades while decreasing in some European countries. Studies suggest PTB and small for gestational age (SGA) show a social gradient. Our objective was to determine whether this social gradient is changing in France over the study period.

Methods
We selected all births records after 22 weeks of gestation in France between 2010 to 2017 (N = 6, 439, 355) in the French National Health Data System (SNDS). PTB was defined as birth before 37 completed weeks and SGA as birth weight below the 10th percentile according to the French intrauterine growth references curves. The SNDS includes an ecological social disadvantage index in quintiles (Q1:least deprived, Q5:most deprived). PTB and SGA rates were estimated in each deprivation quintile. Trends were quantified using a Poisson regression model.

Results
The prevalence of PTB was 7.4% and SGA 11.9 % in 2017. French overseas regions (FOR) had the highest rates (7.2 vs. 10.9% and 11.5 vs. 18.0%, mainland France vs FOR respectively for PTB and SGA in 2017). Although we identified annual fluctuations, there was a significant average annual percentage change in prevalence of PTB and SGA respectively, +0.65% [IC95%:+0.1%; +1.2%; p = 0.03]; 0.66% [IC95%:+0.26%; +1.06%; p = 0, 01]. There was a marked but relatively stable social gradient over the study period. When combining all study years, PTB was more frequent among deprived women (Q5: 7.6% vs Q1: 6.8%) as well as SGA (Q5: 10.6% vs Q1: 12.1%).

Conclusions
PTB and SGA prevalence trends are still increasing in France with regional disparities. Social deprivation remains a predictor of PTB and SGA.

Key messages
A persisting social gradient is observed in PTB and SGA in France. A better understanding of its mechanism will help designing interventions that will reduce social inequalities in health.