bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary analyses reveal independent origins of gene repertoires and structural motifs associated to fast inactivation in calcium-selective TRPV channels
Authors: Flores-Aldama Lisandra , Vandewege Michael W. , Zavala Kattina , Colenso Charlotte K. , Gonzalez Wendy , Brauchi Sebastian E. , Opazo Juan C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEssential for calcium homeostasis, TRPV5 and TRPV6 are calcium-selective channels belonging to the transient receptor potential (TRP) gene family. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary history of these channels to add an evolutionary context to the already available physiological information. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that paralogs found in mammals, sauropsids, amphibians, and chondrichthyes, are the product of independent duplication events in the ancestor of each group. Within amniotes, we identified a traceable signature of three amino acids located at the amino-terminal intracellular region. The signature correlates with both the duplication events and the phenotype of fast inactivation observed in mammalian TRPV6 channels. Electrophysiological recordings and mutagenesis revealed that the signature sequence modulates the phenotype of fast inactivation in all clades of vertebrates but reptiles. A transcriptome analysis showed a change in tissue expression from gills, in marine vertebrates, to kidneys in terrestrial vertebrates. Our results highlight a cytoplasmatic structural triad composed by the Helix-Loop-Helix domain, the S2-S3 linker, and the TRP domain helix that is important on modulating the activity of calcium-selective TRPV channels.
Field evaluation of a Pan-Lassa rapid diagnostic test during the 2018 Nigerian Lassa fever outbreak
Authors: Boisen Matthew L. , Uyigue Eghosa , Aiyepada John , Siddle Katherine J. , Oestereich Lisa , Nelson Diana K. S. , Bush Duane J. , Rowland Megan M. , Heinrich Megan L. , Eromon Philomena , Kayode Adeyemi T. , Odia Ikponmwosa , Adomeh Donatus I. , Muoebonam Ekene B. , Akhilomen Patience , Okonofua Grace , Osiemi Blessing , Omoregie Omigie , Airende Michael , Agbukor Jacqueline , Ehikhametalor Solomon , Aire Chris Okafi , Duraffour Sophie , Pahlmann Meike , Böhm Wiebke , Barnes Kayla G. , Mehta Samar , Momoh Mambu , Sandi John Demby , Goba Augustine , Folarin Onikepe A. , Ogbaini-Emovan Ephraim , Asogun Danny A. , Tobin Ekaete A. , Akpede George O. , Okogbenin Sylvanus A. , Okokhere Peter O. , Grant Donald S. , Schieffelin John S. , Sabeti Pardis C. , Günther Stephan , Happi Christian T. , Branco Luis M. , Garry Robert F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever (LF), an often-fatal hemorrhagic disease. LF is endemic in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and other West African countries. Diagnosis of LASV infection is challenged by the genetic diversity of the virus, which is greatest in Nigeria. The ReLASV Pan-Lassa Antigen Rapid Test (Pan-Lassa RDT) is a point-of-care, in vitro diagnostic test that utilizes a mixture of polyclonal antibodies raised against recombinant nucleoproteins of representative strains from the three most prevalent LASV lineages (II, III and IV). We compared the performance of the Pan-LASV RDT to available quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays during the 2018 LF outbreak in Nigeria. For patients with acute LF (RDT positive, IgG/IgM negative) during initial screening, RDT performance was 83.3% sensitivity and 92.8% specificity when compared to composite results of two qPCR assays. 100% of samples that gave Ct values below 22 on both qPCR assays were positive on the Pan-Lassa RDT. There were significantly elevated case fatality rates and elevated liver transaminase levels in subjects whose samples were RDT positive compared to RDT negative.
Inferring Virus-Host relationship between HPV and its host Homo sapiens using protein interaction network
Authors: Farooq Qurat ul Ain , Shaukat Zeeshan , Zhou Tong , Aiman Sara , Gong Weikang , Li Chunhua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHuman papilloma virus (HPV) is a serious threat to human life globally with over 100 genotypes including cancer causing high risk HPVs. Study on protein interaction maps of pathogens with their host is a recent trend in ‘omics’ era and has been practiced by researchers to find novel drug targets. In current study, we construct an integrated protein interaction map of HPV with its host human in Cytoscape and analyze it further by using various bioinformatics tools. We found out 2988 interactions between 12 HPV and 2061 human proteins among which we identified MYLK, CDK7, CDK1, CDK2, JAK1 and 6 other human proteins associated with multiple viral oncoproteins. The functional enrichment analysis of these top-notch key genes is performed using KEGG pathway and Gene Ontology analysis, which reveals that the gene set is enriched in cell cycle a crucial cellular process, and the second most important pathway in which the gene set is involved is viral carcinogenesis. Among the viral proteins, E7 has the highest number of associations in the network followed by E6, E2 and E5. We found out a group of genes which is not targeted by the existing drugs available for HPV infections. It can be concluded that the molecules found in this study could be potential targets and could be used by scientists in their drug design studies.
Application of Raman spectroscopy to probe fundamental properties of two-dimensional materials
Authors: Cong Xin , Liu Xue-Lu , Lin Miao-Ling , Tan Ping-Heng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTwo-dimensional materials (2DMs), with remarkably electronic, optical, and mechanical properties, exhibit both high scientific interest and huge application potential. Raman spectroscopy has been proven to be a fast, convenient, and nondestructive technique to characterize the fundamental properties of 2DMs at both laboratory and mass-production scales. In this review, we discuss recent advances in application of Raman spectroscopy to 2DMs for probing their fundamental properties. First, we introduce Raman characterization on different types of 2DMs, phase transition triggered by defect, electrostatic doping and temperature, thickness-dependent intralayer and interlayer modes, and two-dimensional alloys with tunable compositions. The extensive capabilities of Raman spectroscopy in probing quantum phase transition are discussed, such as charge density wave and magnetic transition. Then, we discuss application of Raman spectroscopy to probe the moiré phonons, interfacial coupling and cross-dimensional electron–phonon coupling in van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs). We hope that this review will be helpful to study the basic properties of 2DMs and vdWHs themselves and those present in the related devices by Raman spectroscopy.
Characterizing physiological and symptomatic variation in menstrual cycles using self-tracked mobile-health data
Authors: Li Kathy , Urteaga Iñigo , Wiggins Chris H. , Druet Anna , Shea Amanda , Vitzthum Virginia J. , Elhadad Noémie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe menstrual cycle is a key indicator of overall health for women of reproductive age. Previously, menstruation was primarily studied through survey results; however, as menstrual tracking mobile apps become more widely adopted, they provide an increasingly large, content-rich source of menstrual health experiences and behaviors over time. By exploring a database of user-tracked observations from the Clue app by BioWink GmbH of over 378,000 users and 4.9 million natural cycles, we show that self-reported menstrual tracker data can reveal statistically significant relationships between per-person cycle length variability and self-reported qualitative symptoms. A concern for self-tracked data is that they reflect not only physiological behaviors, but also the engagement dynamics of app users. To mitigate such potential artifacts, we develop a procedure to exclude cycles lacking user engagement, thereby allowing us to better distinguish true menstrual patterns from tracking anomalies. We uncover that women located at different ends of the menstrual variability spectrum, based on the consistency of their cycle length statistics, exhibit statistically significant differences in their cycle characteristics and symptom tracking patterns. We also find that cycle and period length statistics are stationary over the app usage timeline across the variability spectrum. The symptoms that we identify as showing statistically significant association with timing data can be useful to clinicians and users for predicting cycle variability from symptoms, or as potential health indicators for conditions like endometriosis. Our findings showcase the potential of longitudinal, high-resolution self-tracked data to improve understanding of menstruation and women’s health as a whole.
Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 regulates cell behaviors through miR-542-3p/HNF4α axis via RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in pediatric neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Deng Defeng , Yang Shuangjie , Wang Xiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an extracranial solid tumor in children with complex mechanism. Increasing reports indicated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) account for the pathogenesis of NB. Nevertheless, the precise functions of SNHG16 needed to be further exposed in NB progression. Our data revealed that SNHG16 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α (HNF4α) were up-regulated, but miR-542-3p was down-regulated in NB. Knockdown of SNHG16 or HNF4α could impede cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Interestingly, the role of SNHG16 detetion in cell behaviors was rescued by HNF4α overexpression in NB cells. Mechanically, SNHG16 modulated the progression of tumor growth via miR-542-3p/HNF4α axis in NB. Also, SNHG16 knockdown inactivated rat sarcoma/effector of RAS/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinases (RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK) signaling pathway through HNF4α. Therefore, SNHG16/miR-542-3p/HNF4α axis modified NB progression via RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, might highlight a novel therapeutic approach for NB.
Signalling by lysophosphatidate and its health implications
Authors: Hemmings Denise G. , Brindley David N. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Extracellular lysophosphatidate (LPA) signalling is regulated by the balance of LPA formation by autotaxin (ATX) versus LPA degradation by lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPP) and by the relative expressions of six G-protein-coupled LPA receptors. These receptors increase cell proliferation, migration, survival and angiogenesis. Acute inflammation produced by tissue damage stimulates ATX production and LPA signalling as a component of wound healing. If inflammation does not resolve, LPA signalling becomes maladaptive in conditions including arthritis, neurologic pain, obesity and cancers. Furthermore, LPA signalling through LPA1 receptors promotes fibrosis in skin, liver, kidneys and lungs. LPA also promotes the spread of tumours to other organs (metastasis) and the pro-survival properties of LPA explain why LPA counteracts the effects of chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. ATX is secreted in response to radiation-induced DNA damage during cancer treatments and this together with increased LPA1 receptor expression leads to radiation-induced fibrosis. The anti-inflammatory agent, dexamethasone, decreases levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. This is linked to a coordinated decrease in the production of ATX and LPA1/2 receptors and increased LPA degradation through LPP1. These effects explain why dexamethasone attenuates radiation-induced fibrosis. Increased LPA signalling is also associated with cardiovascular disease including atherosclerosis and deranged LPA signalling is associated with pregnancy complications including preeclampsia and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. LPA contributes to chronic inflammation because it stimulates the secretion of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines, which increase further ATX production and LPA signalling. Attenuating maladaptive LPA signalling provides a novel means of treating inflammatory diseases that underlie so many important medical conditions.
XMM-Newton observations of eleven intermediate polars and possible candidates
Authors: Worpel H. , Schwope A. D. , Traulsen I. , Mukai K. , Ok S. 
Published: May 2020

Aims. We aim to identify new intermediate polars (IPs) in XMM-Newton observations from a list of promising candidates. By selecting targets not previously known to be X-ray bright, we aim to uncover evidence for an X-ray underluminous IP subpopulation.
Methods. We performed period searches on the XMM-Newton X-ray and optical data of our targets to seek both the spin and orbital periods, which differ in IPs. We also investigated the X-ray spectra to find the hot plasma emission shown by these objects. With archival Swift data we coarsely investigated the long-term X-ray variability, and with archival optical data from a variety of catalogues, we compared the optical to X-ray luminosity to identify X-ray faint objects. This paper presents the first XMM-Newton observation of the prototype IP, DQ Her.
Results. We find firm evidence for HZ Pup, V349 Aqr, and IGR J18151-1052 being IPs, with likely white dwarf spin periods of 1552, 390, and 390 s, respectively. The former two have luminosities typical of IPs, and the latter is strongly absorbed and with unknown distance. GI Mon and V1084 Her are apparently non-magnetic CVs with interesting short-term variability unrelated to WD spin. V533 Her is probably a magnetic CV and remains a good IP candidate, while V1039 Cen is possibly a polar. The remaining candidates were too faint to allow for any firm conclusions.
Very long baseline interferometry imaging of the advancing ejecta in the first gamma-ray nova V407 Cygni
Authors: Giroletti M. , Munari U. , Körding E. , Mioduszewski A. , Sokoloski J. , Cheung C. C. , Corbel S. , Schinzel F. , Sokolovsky K. , O’Brien T. J. 
Published: May 2020

Context. In 2010 March, the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi revealed a transient gamma-ray source that is positionally coincident with the optical nova in the symbiotic binary, V407 Cyg. This event marked the first discovery of gamma-ray emission from a nova.
Aims. We aim to obtain resolved radio imaging of the material involved in the nova event, to determine the ejecta geometry and advance velocity directly in the image plane, and to constrain the physical conditions of the system.
Methods. We observed the source with the European VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) Network in real time mode, at 1.6 and 5 GHz, and the Very Long Baseline Array at 1.6, 5, and 8.4 GHz. In total, we observed the source over 16 epochs, starting 20 days after the optical discovery and continuing for over six months.
Results. Milliarcsecond-scale radio emission is detected in 10/16 epochs of observations. The source is initially very dim but it later shows a substantial increase in brightness and a resolved shell-like structure 40–90 days after the optical event. The shell has a projected elliptical shape and is asymmetric in brightness and spectral index, being brighter and characterised by a rising spectrum at the south-eastern edge. We determine a projected expansion velocity of ∼3500 km s−1 in the initial phase (for an adopted 2.7 kpc distance), and ∼2100 km s−1 between day 20 and 91. We also found an emitting feature about 350 mas (940 AU) to the north-west, advancing at a projected velocity of ∼700 km s−1 along the polar axis of the binary. The total flux density in the VLBI images is significantly lower than that previously reported at similar epochs and over much wider angular scales with the VLA.
Conclusions. Optical spectra convincingly demonstrated that in 2010 we were viewing V407 Cyg along the equatorial plane and from behind the Mira. Our radio observations image the bipolar flow of the ejecta perpendicular to the orbital plane, where deceleration is much lower than through the equatorial plane probed by the truncated profile of optical emission lines. The separated polar knot at 350 mas and the bipolar flow strictly resemble a similar arrangement seen in Hen 2-104, another symbiotic Mira seen equator-on that went through a large outburst ∼5700 yrs ago. The observed ∼700 km s−1 expansion constrains the launch date of the polar knot around 2004, during the accretion-fed active phase preceding the 2010 nova outburst.
How Do I Reverse Oral and Parenteral Anticoagulants?
Authors: Koscielny Jürgen , Rutkauskaite Edita , Sucker Christoph , von Heymann Christian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn understanding of reversal strategies alone is important to safely and effectively care for patients in cases of bleeding or invasive procedures. The recent diversification in the number of licensed anticoagulants makes an understanding of drug-specific reversal strategies essential. Intravenous or oral vitamin K can reverse the effect of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) within 12 to 48 hours and is indicated for any bleeding or an international normalized ratio >10 or 4.5 to 10 in patients with additional risk factors for bleeding. Furthermore, an additional administration of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) may be necessary in cases of major bleeding related to VKA. Protamine (chloride or sulfate) fully reverses the effect of unfractionated heparin and partially in low-molecular-weight heparin. Idarucizumab has been approved for dabigatran reversal, whereas andexanet alfa is approved for the reversal of some oral factor Xa inhibitors (apixaban, rivaroxaban). PCC seems to enhance the haemostatic potential for the reversal of the effect of FXa-inhibitors. So far, there are promising but only limited data on the efficacy of this approach available. Each reversal strategy needs an adequate management beyond the hemostatic treatment (volume replacement, stabilization of homeostasis, e.g., pH and temperature, resumption of anticoagulation after successful treatment of bleeding, etc.) that is crucial for the successful management of acute bleedings, urgent high-risk surgery, thrombolytic therapies or thrombectomies as well as overdosing of anticoagulants.
Anpassung internationaler Leitlinien in der Physiotherapie – ein Methodenpapier der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Physiotherapiewissenschaft e. V. (DGPTW)
Authors: Kirchner Änne , Diermayr Gudrun , Becker Monika , Rösner Katrin , Kopkow Christian , Saal Susanne 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Derzeit existieren nur für sehr wenige Indikationen medizinische Leitlinien, deren Empfehlungen auf die Bedingungen des deutschen Gesundheitswesens zugeschnitten und geeignet sind, Physiotherapeuten in der Auswahl geeigneter Maßnahmen zu unterstützen. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Physiotherapiewissenschaft (DGPTW) setzt sich für eine stärkere Verknüpfung von Wissenschaft und Patientenversorgung ein und möchte zu diesem Zweck die Bereitstellung von Leitlinien für die Physiotherapie vorantreiben. Die Anpassung von Leitlinien aus anderen Ländern kann eine pragmatische Alternative gegenüber einer Neuentwicklung darstellen.
Ziel Entwicklung eines Methodenpapiers, das als Handlungsempfehlung in der Übernahme und Anpassung hochwertiger internationaler Leitlinien für das Gebiet der Physiotherapie im deutschen Gesundheitswesen dienen soll.
Methode Eine Arbeitsgruppe der Sektion Leitlinien der DGPTW bestimmte zunächst Ziele und Vorgehensweise zur Erstellung des Methodenpapiers. Nach Recherche und Screening vorhandener Rahmenkonzepte zur Anpassung von Leitlinien wurden Vorschläge zu einem systematischen Vorgehen bei der Anpassung internationaler Leitlinien abgeleitet.
Ergebnisse Das Methodenpapier beschreibt Vorgehensweisen zur Festlegung des Themas, zur Recherche, zum Screening und zur Bewertung vorhandener Leitlinien sowie zur Auswahl einer geeigneten Leitlinie und deren Anpassung. Die Einbindung weiterer Akteure und der Review- bzw. Konsentierungsprozess bei der Leitlinienanpassung werden ebenfalls skizziert.
Diskussion Die Vorschläge zur Leitlinienanpassung wurden im Spannungsfeld zwischen dem Anspruch an eine möglichst systematische, transparente und umfassende Methodik und der Praktikabilität vor dem Hintergrund begrenzter Ressourcen ausgewählt. Das Methodenpapier wurde der Fachöffentlichkeit zur Diskussion vorgestellt und soll in einem nächsten Schritt im Rahmen einer Leitlinienanpassung erprobt werden.
Workload Monitoring in Top-level Soccer Players During Congested
Fixture Periods
Authors: Gualtieri Antonio , Rampinini Ermanno , Sassi Roberto , Beato Marco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study assessed the internal and external workload of starters and
non-starters in a professional top-level soccer team during a congested fixture
period. Twenty Serie A soccer players were monitored in this study during two
mesocycles of 21 days each. Starters and non-starters were divided based on the
match time played in each mesocycle. The following metrics were recorded:
exposure time, total distance, relative total distance, high-speed running
distance over 20 km·h−1, very high-speed
running distance over 25 km·h−1, individual
very high-speed distance over 80% of maximum peak speed, and rating of
perceived exertion. Differences between starters and non-starters were found
for: exposure time (effect size=large to very large), rating of
perceived exertion (large to very large), total distance (large to very large),
and individual very high-speed distance over 80% of maximum peak speed
(moderate to large). Furthermore, differences for relative total distance,
high-speed running distance over 20 km·h−1
and very high-speed running distance over
25 km·h−1 were small to moderate, but not
significant. This study reports that during congested fixture periods, starters
had higher exposure time, rating of perceived exertion, total distance, and
individual very high-speed distance over 80% of maximum peak speed than
non-starters.
Acupuncture and electroacupuncture in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: Systematic review
Authors: Badia Marc , Santafé Manel M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most diagnosed compression neuropathy of the upper limb. In mild and moderate cases, the treatment is extensive and controversial, whereas severe cases receive surgical intervention.
Objective To analyze the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of treatment of CTS using acupuncture and electroacupuncture.
Methods The PRISMA declaration was followed. A literature search was performed using the following databases: Clinical Evidence BMJ, NICE, Cochrane Library, PubMed, PEDro, Science Direct, SciELO, Google Scholar. The search strategy used the terms “acupuncture”, “electroacupuncture” “carpal tunnel syndrome”. The inclusion criteria limited studies to English publications. The risk of bias was assessed for each study using the Cochrane scale. The level of evidence and the level of recommendation was determined using the SIGN scale.
Results The search retrieved 698 articles in total. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 articles were included. The level of evidence of all the articles was medium-high. The level of recommendation was medium, and the risk of bias was neutral, with a tendency towards low bias. The articles included revealed symptomatic and neurophysiological improvements, both peripheral as well as central, due to the cerebral response that occurs associated with the function of the median nerve.
Conclusion Acupuncture and electroacupuncture are a therapeutic option for mild to moderate CTS with a medium level of scientific evidence, tending towards a high level, and with a medium level of recommendation.