bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Origins of European Globalism: Early Stoicism and Ciceron
Authors: Vorontsova Valeriya Leonidovna , Salimgareev Maxim Vladimirovich , Salimgareev Dmitry Vladimirovich 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The origin of socio-philosophical ideas about universal unity in the tradition of Stoicism and the writings of Cicero in the context of the cultural and historical conditions of the Roman intellectual reception of the ideas of cosmopolitanism of the early Stoics is considered. Performed the analysis of the continuity and development of the concept of “primary inclination” in the picture of the emergence of society and its structures developed by thinkers. The work uses the general scientific inductive method of ascending from the particular to the general, which allows a heuristic approach to the analysis of the intellectual practice of constructing a philosophical picture of the world of ancient authors. Authors used historical analysis of ideas, aimed at revealing the specific cultural context of their origin and development in space and time. The authors reveal the specifics of the stoic representation of the manifestations of the original, nature-like solidarity in the historical and philosophical discourse of ancient authors. The key provisions of the doctrine of the early Stoics and Cicero cosmopolis are analyzed. When considering the cultural and historical specificity of the indicated elements of the intellectual tradition, attention is drawn to the dependence of the Roman speaker views as a social philosopher on the political teachings of ancient authors. The article considers in a new way of he cultural and historical formation of ideas about universal unity in ancient anthropological discourse. The work is based on the analysis of the reception of the stoic idea of “primary inclination” in the writings of Cicero.
Network simulation of the sewage treatment system in machine-building enterprises
Authors: Vorontsova Valeriya Leonidovna , Savdur Svetlana Nikolaevna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article examines the technological complex of wastewater treatment (WWS) of machine-building production. The wastewater treatment complex (WWS) of machine-building production has a complex multi-level structure; therefore, modern methods of system analysis, computer modeling, and the theory of Petri nets are used to study, model, and analyze such systems. The apparatus of the theory of Petri nets (SP) is selected from the main methods for modeling discrete-continuous chemical-technological systems (CTS) for modeling the process of SAL of engineering production. Petri nets are used, focused on modeling and analysis of discrete-continuous CTS, by including priority transitions, delay time of labels in positions and transitions. A model of a typical apparatus that implements the OSV technological process was synthesized in the form of a modified Petri net (SME). The software package for the OSV technological process control system was created using the TRACE MODE SCADA technology.
Electronic and geometric determinants of adsorption: fundamentals and applications
Authors: Li Bo , Gao Wang , Jiang Qing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Adsorption is an essential phenomenon in surface science and is closely related to many applications such as catalysis, sensors, energy storage, biomedical applications and so on. It is widely accepted that the adsorption properties are determined by the electronic and geometric structures of substrates and adsorbates. The d-band model and the generalized coordination number model take the electronic and geometric structures of substrates into consideration respectively, successfully rationalizing the trends of adsorption on transition metals (TMs), TM nanoparticles (NPs) and some TM alloys. The linear scaling relationship (LSR) uncovers the role of the electronic structures of adsorbates in adsorption and allow the ascertainment of the trend of adsorption between different adsorbates. Recently, we develop an effective model to correlate adsorption energy with the easily accessible intrinsic electronic and geometric properties of substrates and adsorbates which holds for TMs, TM NPs, near-surface alloys and oxides. This intrinsic model can naturally derive the LSR and its generalized form, indicates the efficiency and limitation of engineering the adsorption energy and reaction energy, and enables rapid screening of potential candidates and designing of catalysts since all parameters are accessible and predictable. In this comprehensive review, we summarize these models to clarify their development process and uncover their connection and distinction, thereby drawing an explicit and overall physical picture of adsorption. Consequently, we provide a more comprehensive understanding about the broad applications of these models in catalysis. The theoretical part introduces necessary theoretical foundations and several well-built models with respect to the electronic models, the geometric models, the LSR and the intrinsic model. The application section describes their broad scope in catalysis, including oxygen reduction reaction, CO2 reduction reaction and nitrogen reduction reaction. We believe this review will provide necessary and fundamental background knowledge to further understand the underlying mechanism of adsorption and offer beneficial guidance for the rapid screening of catalysts and materials design.
Partial least squares modelling of spectroscopic data from microplasma emissions for determination of CO2 concentration
Authors: Klintberg Lena , Åkerfeldt Erika , Persson Anders 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The spectral emissions from a microplasma have been used to predict the CO2 concentration in gas samples covering a concentration range of 0%–100%. Different models based on partial least squares have been evaluated, comparing two different spectral pre-processing filters –multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) and standard normal variate correction (SNV) – and three different wavelength ranges. The models were compared with respect to accuracy, precision, stability and linearity. CO2 samples were mixed with either air or nitrogen. The choice of mixing gas influenced the predicted concentration and basing the models on data from only one mixing gas resulted in higher prediction power. Using air as mixing gas and SNV filtering resulted in a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.03 for an independent test dataset. This RMSEP was of the same range as the experimental error. On the other hand, the models with the best long term stability, reaching the lowest Allan variance, were based on observations with both mixing gases. Models based on MSC filtering generally had slightly higher RMSEP than those based on SNV filtering. Generally, the CO2 concentration could be accurately predicted in the concentration range of 5%–90%. For higher and lower concentrations, the models underestimated the CO2 concentration and were less accurate and precise. Basing the models on fewer wavelengths resulted in reduced linearity. The models were also evaluated by applying them for transcutaneous blood gas monitoring, where they helped to reveal new physiological information.
Oxford nanopore sequencing in clinical microbiology and infection diagnostics
Authors: Sheka Dropen , Alabi Nikolay , Gordon Paul M K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Extended turnaround times and large economic costs hinder the usage of currently applied screening methods for bacterial pathogen identification (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. This review provides an overview of current detection methods and their usage in a clinical setting. Issues of timeliness and cost could soon be circumvented, however, with the emergence of detection methods involving single molecule sequencing technology. In the context of bringing diagnostics closer to the point of care, we examine the current state of Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) products and their interaction with third-party software/databases to assess their capabilities for ID and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prediction. We outline and discuss a potential diagnostic workflow, enumerating (1) rapid sample prep kits, (2) ONT hardware/software and (3) third-party software and databases to improve the cost, accuracy and turnaround times for ID and AMR. Multiple studies across a range of infection types support that the speed and accuracy of ONT sequencing is now such that established ID and AMR prediction tools can be used on its outputs, and so it can be harnessed for near real time, close to the point-of-care diagnostics in common clinical circumstances.
Methylated and unmethylated epialleles support variegated epigenetic silencing in Friedreich ataxia
Authors: Rodden Layne N , Chutake Yogesh K , Gilliam Kaitlyn , Lam Christina , Soragni Elisabetta , Hauser Lauren , Gilliam Matthew , Wiley Graham , Anderson Michael P , Gottesfeld Joel M , Lynch David R , Bidichandani Sanjay I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is typically caused by homozygosity for an expanded GAA triplet-repeat in intron 1 of the FXN gene, which results in transcriptional deficiency via epigenetic silencing. Most patients are homozygous for alleles containing &gt; 500 triplets, but a subset (~20%) have at least one expanded allele with &lt; 500 triplets and a distinctly milder phenotype. We show that in FRDA DNA methylation spreads upstream from the expanded repeat, further than previously recognized, and establishes an FRDA-specific region of hypermethylation in intron 1 (~90% in FRDA versus &lt; 10% in non-FRDA) as a novel epigenetic signature. The hypermethylation of this differentially methylated region (FRDA-DMR) was observed in a variety of patient-derived cells; it significantly correlated with FXN transcriptional deficiency and age of onset, and it reverted to the non-disease state in isogenically corrected induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons. Bisulfite deep sequencing of the FRDA-DMR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 73 FRDA patients revealed considerable intra-individual epiallelic variability, including fully methylated, partially methylated, and unmethylated epialleles. Although unmethylated epialleles were rare (median = 0.33%) in typical patients homozygous for long GAA alleles with &gt; 500 triplets, a significantly higher prevalence of unmethylated epialleles (median = 9.8%) was observed in patients with at least one allele containing &lt; 500 triplets, less severe FXN deficiency (&gt;20%) and later onset (&gt;15 years). The higher prevalence in mild FRDA of somatic FXN epialleles devoid of DNA methylation is consistent with variegated epigenetic silencing mediated by expanded triplet-repeats. The proportion of unsilenced somatic FXN genes is an unrecognized phenotypic determinant in FRDA and has implications for the deployment of effective therapies.
Laparoscopy management for spontaneous bladder rupture: a case report
Authors: Celotti Simone , Benuzzi Laura , Ceriani Chiara , D’Amore Piero , Foschi Diego , del Re Luca 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present a case of a 79-year-old man with lower abdominal pain and negative Blumberg sign. An indwelling bladder catheter was inserted for urinary retention due to a tight phimosis 2 months earlier. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a huge gastrectasia and small bowel distention due to a suspected adherent bridle. The clinical signs and the laboratory tests were highly suspicious for bowel obstruction and emergency surgery was indicated. Exploratory laparoscopy showed a bladder hole tamponade by an ileum loop. The perforation was sutured laparoscopically and the patient was discharged on the 14th postoperative day. In our case, emergency laparoscopic exploration was useful for the diagnosis and the treatment of spontaneous bladder rupture. We hope this case report can be useful to give these patients better outcomes. Notably we would like to emphasize that the presence of a urinary catheter can be a risk factor for intraperitoneal bladder rupture.
Unravelling the modus operandi of phytosiderophores during zinc uptake in rice: the importance of geochemical gradients and accurate stability constants
Authors: Northover George H R , Garcia-España Enrique , Weiss Dominik J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies threaten global food production. Attempts to biofortify crops rely on a clear understanding of micronutrient uptake processes. Zinc deficiency in rice is a serious problem. One of the pathways proposed for the transfer of zinc from soils into rice plants involves deoxymugineic acid (DMA), a phytosiderophore. The idea that phytosiderophores play a wider role in nutrition of Poaceae beyond iron is well established. However, key mechanistic details of the DMA-assisted zinc uptake pathway in rice remain uncertain. In particular, questions surround the form in which zinc from DMA is taken up [i.e. as free aqueous Zn(II) or as Zn(II)–DMA complexes] and the role of competitive behaviour of other metals with DMA. We propose that an accurate description of the effect of changes in pH, ligand concentration, and ionic strength on the stability of Zn(II)–DMA complexes in the presence of other metals in the microenvironment around root cells is critical for understanding the modus operandi of DMA during zinc uptake. To that end, we reveal the importance of geochemical changes in the microenvironment around root cells and demonstrate the effect of inaccurate stability constants on speciation models.
Subcutaneous Air Around Receiver-Stimulator Causing Open-Circuit Failures: An Uncommon But Readily Treatable Condition Related to CPAP Use After Cochlear Implant Surgery
Authors: Macielak Robert J. , Adkins Weston J. , Barnes Jason H. , Saoji Aniket A. , Gruenwald Jill M. , Bertsch Natasha J. , Carlson Matthew L. 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To raise awareness of a unique complication associated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use after cochlear implantation to improve early detection, prevent unnecessary testing, and facilitate treatment.

Study Design:
Case series.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Subjects:
Patients who developed subcutaneous air around the receiver-stimulator device and the associated ground electrode in the setting of CPAP usage, which resulted in open-circuit electrode failures.

Main Outcome Measures:
Clinical course and intervention.

Results:
Two patients were identified that fit this criterion. Both patients were noted to have poor implant performance secondary to high or open impedances and concomitant emphysema surrounding the cochlear implant receiver-stimulator. Manual massage offered transient improvement, but programming changes ultimately led to improved sound quality and resolution of impedance anomalies in both cases.

Conclusions:
Subcutaneous air collection surrounding the cochlear implant receiver-stimulator in the setting of CPAP use is an uncommon but clinically relevant complication that can be recognized by characteristic physical examination findings and impedance changes. Early and accurate recognition of this event can prevent unnecessary testing and facilitate early effective treatment.
Auditory Performance in Recovered SARS-COV-2 Patients
Authors: Dror Amiel A. , Kassis-Karayanni Najla , Oved Adi , Daoud Amani , Eisenbach Netanel , Mizrachi Matti , Rayan Doaa , Francis Shawky , Layous Eli , Gutkovich Yoni Evgeni , Taiber Shahar , Srouji Samer , Chordekar Shai , Goldenstein Sonia , Ziv Yael , Ronen Ohad , Gruber Maayan , Avraham Karen B. , Sela Eyal 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
While COVID-19 symptoms impact rhinology (anosmia) and laryngology (airways), two major disciplines of the otolaryngology armamentarium, the virus has seemed to spare the auditory system. A recent study, however, reported changes in otoacoustic emission (OAE) signals measured in SARS-COV-2 positive patients. We sought to assess the effect of COVID-19 infection on auditory performance in a cohort of recovered SARS-COV-2 patients and controls. To avoid a potential bias of previous audiological dysfunction not related to SARS-COV-2 infection, the study encompasses patients with normal auditory history. We hypothesized that if SARS-COV-2 infection predisposes to hearing loss, we would observe subtle and early audiometric deficits in our cohort in the form of subclinical auditory changes.

Study Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
The Institutional Review Board approved the study and we recruited participants who had been positive for SARS-COV-2 infection, according to an Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test on two nasopharyngeal swabs. The patients included in this study were asymptomatic for the SARS-COV-2 infection and were evaluated following recovery, confirmed by repeated swab testing. The control group comprised healthy individuals matched for age and sex, and with a normal auditory and otologic history.

Intervention(s):
The eligibility to participate in this study included a normal audiogram, no previous auditory symptoms, normal otoscopy examination with an intact tympanic membrane, and bilateral tympanometry type A. None of our volunteers reported any new auditory symptoms following SARS-COV-2 infection. Ototacoustic emissions (OAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurements were used to evaluate the auditory function.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
OAE and ABR measurements.

Results:
We have found no significant differences between recovered asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 patients and controls in any of transitory evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE), or ABR responses.

Conclusions:
There is no cochlear dysfunction represented by ABR, TEOAE, and DPOAE responses in recovered COVID-19 asymptomatic patients. Retrocochlear function was also preserved as evident by the ABR responses. A long-term evaluation of a larger cohort of SARS-COV-2 patients will help to identify a possible contribution of SARS-COV-2 infection to recently published anecdotal auditory symptoms associated with COVID-19.
The Effect of Helicobacter pylori on the Presentation and Clinical Course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection
Authors: Balamtekin Necati , Artuk Cumhur , Arslan Melike , Gülşen Mustafa 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:Novel coronavirus 2019 (corona virus disease 2019 [COVID‐19]) binds angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 (ACE‐2) receptors to enter the cell. These receptors are widely expressed in the intestine, and COVID‐19 may cause gastrointestinal symptoms via these receptors during the course of the disease. Helicobacter pylori is known to increase the expression of ACE‐2 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of H pylori on the presentation and clinical course of COVID‐19 infections.Methods:This study was carried out from June 1 to July 20, 2020. Patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 infections by PCR tests were included in the study. Antigen screening tests were performed on stool samples to determine the presence of H pylori. All patients were evaluated for manifestations of COVID‐19 infection, severity of the course, hospitalized days because of the virus and outcome of the disease process.Results:Of 108 COVID‐19 positive patients evaluated, 31 with a mean age of 49.54 ± 17.94 years were H pylori‐positive (8 girls [25.8%]) and 77 with a mean age of 47.85 ± 20.51 years; (31 girls [40.3%]) were H pylori‐negative. Abdominal pain (19.4% vs 2.6%) and diarrhea (32.3% vs 9.1%) were significantly higher in patients with H pylori than those without (P = 0.007 and P = 0.006, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between H pylori positivity and the number of hospitalized days, the severity of the course of COVID‐19 infection, or the outcome of the disease (P > 0.05).Conclusion:Our results revealed that the findings of abdominal pain and diarrhea strongly correlated with the presence of H pylori in COVID‐19 patients.
The Role of Guilt and Shame in Psychosocial Functioning in a Sample of Women With Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Cameron Amy Y. , Benz Madeline , Reed Kathleen Palm 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience significant and pervasive impairment in interpersonal, social, and vocational functioning, and accumulating evidence suggests that impairments in functioning often persist despite significant decreases in symptom severity. Previous research indicates that shame-proneness and guilt-proneness are associated with symptoms of BPD that can affect functioning (such as aggression toward others), but very few studies have examined the impact of shame-proneness and guilt-proneness on validated measures of psychosocial functioning. Forty women with BPD completed measures of shame-proneness and guilt-proneness, psychosocial functioning, and BPD symptom severity. Results from multiple regression analyses indicate that women with BPD who tend to experience higher levels of shame-proneness and lower levels of guilt-proneness report poor performance in school and work settings and in interpersonal relationships. Strengths of the study include the use of a validated measure of functioning as the primary outcome. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Examining the Link Between Intolerance of Uncertainty and Positive and Negative Urgency in Veterans With Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorders
Authors: McGuire Adam P. , Hayden Candice L. , Zambrano-Vazquez Laura , Connolly Kevin M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUD) are highly comorbid among the veteran population. Impulsivity, particularly negative and positive urgency, are prevalent within this dual-diagnosis population and associated with negative outcomes. One possible correlate of negative/positive urgency is intolerance of uncertainty (IU). IU is associated with exacerbated PTSD symptom severity and increased risk for substance use. However, few studies have examined the link between IU and negative/positive urgency in dual-diagnosis populations. This study aimed to examine whether there was a significant association between trait IU and baseline negative and positive urgency in veterans seeking treatment for both PTSD and SUD. In a sample of 114 veterans from a 6-week residential treatment program, IU was significantly associated with higher negative and positive urgency. Further research is warranted to extend these findings and examine whether IU plays an important role in negative/positive urgency for dual-diagnosis populations.