bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method of signal processing in a time-division LWIR image polarimetric sensor
Authors: Gogler Slawomir , Bieszczad Grzegorz , Swiderski Jacek 
Published: July 2020

We report on the method of signal processing in a passive long-wave infrared (LWIR) image polarimetric sensor. The method enables the detection of natural and manmade targets. It includes the error related to the rotation of the polarizing element during an image reading as well as permits the polarimeter operation without a classical phase synchronization loop. In addition, to verify the proposed method, a prototype of a time-division polarimetric system that operates in the 8–12 µm band and is based on an uncooled microbolometric detector array was designed and developed. The entire system enabled us to successfully detect a few types of artificial objects from the distance of several tens of meters. The maximum image refresh rate was 5.45 Hz and could be further increased.
Demonstrating the use of OAM modes to facilitate the networking functions of carrying channel header information and orthogonal channel coding
Authors: Almaiman Ahmed , Song Haoqian , Pang Kai , Zhang Runzhou , Li Long , Zhao Zhe , Song Hao , Liu Cong , Manukyan Karapet , Zou Kaiheng , Zach Shlomo , Cohen Nadav , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E. 
Published: July 2020

We experimentally demonstrate the use of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes as a degree of freedom to facilitate the networking functions of carrying header information and orthogonal channel coding. First, for carrying channel header information, we transmit a 10 Gb/s on–off keying (OOK) data channel as a Gaussian beam and add to it a 10 Mb/s OOK header carried by an OAM beam with the mode order

ℓ
=

3

. We recover the header and use it to drive a switch and select the output port. Secondly, for orthogonal channel coding, we configure transmitters to generate orthogonal spatial codes (orthogonal spatial beam profiles of OAM modes), each carrying an independent data stream. We measure the correlation between the OAM codes and demonstrate their use in a multiple access system carrying two 10 Gb/s OOK data channels. At the end of this Letter, we combine the concepts of using OAM modes for carrying channel header information and orthogonal channel coding in one experiment. We transmit a 10 Gb/s OOK data channel as a Gaussian beam and add to it two 10 Mb/s OOK header waveforms carried by different OAM codes. In the routing node, we recover one of the headers to drive the switch.
Microfiber-assisted gigahertz harmonic mode-locking in ultrafast fiber laser
Authors: Huang Lin , Zhang Yusheng , Cui Yudong , Qiu Jiangrong , Liu Xueming 
Published: July 2020

Optoacoustic interaction can be strongly enhanced in tiny core fibers, and it holds significant potential for stable harmonic mode-locking at gigahertz (GHz) and higher repetition rate. In this Letter, we propose and demonstrate a microfiber-assisted GHz harmonic mode-locking fiber laser, which is achieved by the enhanced optomechanical coupling between cavity modes in microfiber with the waist length of

∼

16

c
m

and the waist diameter of

∼

1.56

µ

m

. The repetition rates can be stably locked at 2.3828 GHz and predominately locked at 1.7852 GHz, corresponding to the frequencies of radial

R

01

and torsional-radial

T
R

21

acoustic modes, respectively. Our results provide novel insight into the design of a high-repetition-rate laser source and the application of microfibers in the optomechanical field.
Potential of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to overcome the interference of hemoglobin variants on HbA1c measurement
Authors: Xu Anping , Xie Weijie , Wang Yajun , Ji Ling 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Hemoglobin (Hb) variants remain an important cause of erroneous HbA1c results. We present an approach to overcome the interference of Hb variants on HbA1c measurements using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Methods
Samples containing or not containing Hb variants were analyzed for HbA1c using an MALDI-TOF MS system (QuanTOF) and a boronate affinity comparative method (Ultra2). For QuanTOF, two sets of HbA1c values were obtained through α- and β-chain glycation.

Results
A robust correlation between the glycation degrees of the α- and β-chains was found, and HbA1c values derived from α- and β-chain glycation correlated well with the Ultra2 results. Statistically significant differences (p<0.01) were found for all the Hb variants tested. When using the conventional β-chain glycation to determine HbA1c, clinically significant differences were only found among samples containing β-chain variants detected by QuanTOF (i.e., Hb J-Bangkok, Hb G-Coushatta, and Hb G-Taipei). In contrast, based on α-chain glycation, no clinically significant differences were found for these three variants.

Conclusions
In addition to conventional β-chain glycation, α-chain glycation can be used to calculate HbA1c values. The interference of Hb variants on HbA1c quantification can be overcome by employing the glycation of the globin chain without a genetic variant to estimate HbA1c values.
Mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) multi-period multi-objective optimization of advanced power plant through gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW)
Authors: Syauqi Ahmad , Purwanto Widodo Wahyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Multi-objective optimization is one of the most effective tools for the decision support system. This study aims to optimize the gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW) for advanced power plant. MSW gasifier is simulated using Aspen Plus v11 to produce syngas, to be fed into power generation technologies. Four power generation technologies are selected, solid oxide fuel cell, gas turbine, gas engine, and steam turbine. Mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) multi-objective optimization is developed to provide an optimal solution for minimum levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and minimum CO2eq emissions. The optimization is conducted with a ε-constraint method using GAMS through time periods of 2020–2050. Decision variables include gasifier temperature, steam to carbon ratio, and power generation technologies. The optimization result demonstrates that the lower steam to carbon ratio gives lower LCOE and higher CO2eq emissions, and temperature variation gives no significant impact on LCOE and as it increases, CO2eq emission is reduced. It demonstrates that a gas turbine is the best option for generating electricity from 2020 to 2040 and beyond 2040 SOFC is the best option.
High-mobility group box 3 (HMGB3) silencing inhibits non-small cell lung cancer development through regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Li Yunjing , Ma Yongfu , Zhang Tong , Feng Changjiang , Liu Yang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt has been reported that high-mobility group box 3 is overexpressed in various cancers. This study aimed to explore its function in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A546 and H460 cell lines were used for in vivo experiments, scratch healing tests, transwell migration and invasion experiments. It was first found that HMGB3 was highly expressed in tumor tissues in the patients and associated with NSCLC stage. Silencing of HMGB3 significantly slowed the growth, proliferation and invasion of NSCLC in vitro, and repressed cell growth in vivo. Mechanistic studies suggest that the observed effects were mediated by inhibiting the expression of β-catenin/MMP7/c-Myc in Wnt pathway. Our study highlights the role of HMGB3 in NSCLC, which may provide a therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC.
Phoenix dactylifera Linn fruit based-diets palliate hyperglycemia in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Ajiboye Basiru Olaitan , Oloyede Hussein Oyelola Bukoye , Salawu Musa Oyewole 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This study was designed to examine the in vitro inhibitory activities of vital enzymes related to diabetes mellitus and different biochemical parameters of Phoenix dactylifera fruit based-diet in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Methods
The aqueous extract of P. dactylifera fruit based-diet was prepared and used for determination of in vitro antioxidants as well as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities using standard procedures. Also, 30 albino rats were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan and grouped into A–D as normal rats placed on Dioscorea rotundata based-diet, diabetic control rats placed on D. rotundata based-diet, diabetic rats placed on D. rotundata based-diet and administered metformin orally per day, and diabetic rats placed on P. dactylifera fruit based-diet respectively. The animals were sacrificed on the fourth week of the experiment, and different biochemical parameters were evaluated.

Results
The P. dactylifera fruit based-diet extract demonstrated antioxidative potentials and inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, diabetic rats placed on the P. dactylifera fruit based-diet revealed significant (p<0.05) increase in body weight, insulin and glycogen levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, GLUT 2 and high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations when compared with the diabetic control group. Also, diabetic rats placed on P. dactylifera fruit based-diet indicate significant (p<0.05) reduction in fasting blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, cytokines levels, some gluconeogenesis enzyme activities, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoproteins concentrations compared to the diabetic control animals.

Conclusion
This diet could be an alternative nutraceutical means of managing diabetes mellitus and its complications.
The continuum between neurodegeneration, brain plasticity, and movement: a critical appraisal
Authors: Schirinzi Tommaso , Canevelli Marco , Suppa Antonio , Bologna Matteo , Marsili Luca 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
While the “physiological” aging process is associated with declines in motor and cognitive features, these changes do not significantly impair functions and activities of daily living. Differently, motor and cognitive impairment constitute the most common phenotypic expressions of neurodegeneration. Both manifestations frequently coexist in the same disease, thus making difficult to detect “pure” motor or cognitive conditions. Movement disorders are often characterized by cognitive disturbances, and neurodegenerative dementias often exhibit the occurrence of movement disorders. Such a phenotypic overlap suggests approaching these conditions by highlighting the commonalities of entities traditionally considered distinct. In the present review, we critically reappraised the common clinical and pathophysiological aspects of neurodegeneration in both animal models and patients, looking at motricity as a trait d’union over the spectrum of neurodegeneration and focusing on synaptopathy and oscillopathy as the common pathogenic background. Finally, we discussed the possible role of movement as neuroprotective intervention in neurodegenerative conditions, regardless of the etiology. The identification of commonalities is critical to drive future research and develop novel possible disease-modifying interventions.
Deviant cortical sulcation related to schizophrenia and cognitive deficits in the second trimester
Authors: MacKinley Michael Lloyd , Sabesan Priyadharshini , Palaniyappan Lena 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Aberrant cortical development, inferred from cortical folding, is linked to the risk of schizophrenia. Cortical folds develop in a time-locked fashion during fetal growth. We leveraged this temporal specificity of sulcation to investigate the timing of the prenatal insult linked to schizophrenia and the cognitive impairment seen in this illness.

Methods
Anatomical MRI scans from 68 patients with schizophrenia and 72 controls were used to evaluate the sulcal depth of five major invariable primary sulci representing lobar development (calcarine sulcus, superior temporal sulcus, superior frontal sulcus, intraparietal sulcus and inferior frontal sulcus) with formation representing the distinct developmental periods.

Results
A repeated-measure ANOVA with five sulci and two hemispheres as the within-subject factors and gender, age and intracranial volume as covariates revealed a significant effect of diagnosis (F[1,134] = 14.8, p = 0.0002). Control subjects had deeper bilateral superior temporal, right inferior frontal and left calcarine sulci. A deeper superior frontal sulcus predicted better cognitive scores among patients.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the gestational disruption underlying schizophrenia is likely to predate, if not coincide with the appearance of calcarine sulcus (early second trimester). Nevertheless, the burden of cognitive deficits may relate specifically to the aberrant superior frontal development apparent in late second trimester.
Reconstruction of the Largest Pedigree Network for Pear Cultivars and Evaluation of the Genetic Diversity of the USDA-ARS NationalPyrusCollection
Authors: Montanari Sara , Postman Joseph , Bassil Nahla V , Neale David B 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) in Corvallis, Oregon, maintains one of the world’s largest and most diverse living Pyrus collection. A thorough genetic characterization of this germplasm will provide relevant information to optimize the conservation strategy of pear biodiversity, support the use of this germplasm in breeding, and increase our knowledge of Pyrus taxonomy, evolution, and domestication. In the last two decades simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been used at the NCGR for cultivar identification and small population structure analysis. However, the recent development of the Applied Biosystems Axiom Pear 70K Genotyping Array has allowed high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genotyping of almost the entire collection. In this study, we have analyzed this rich dataset to discover new synonyms and mutants, identify putative labeling errors in the collection, reconstruct the largest pear cultivar pedigree and further elucidate the genetic diversity of Pyrus.
Cardiorespiratory and Pulse Oximetry Monitoring in Hospitalized Children: A Delphi Process
Authors: Schondelmeyer Amanda C. , Dewan Maya L. , Brady Patrick W. , Timmons Kristen M. , Cable Rhonda , Britto Maria T. , Bonafide Christopher P. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:Cardiorespiratory and pulse oximetry monitoring in children who are hospitalized should balance benefits of detecting deterioration with potential harms of alarm fatigue. We developed recommendations for monitoring outside the ICU on the basis of available evidence and expert opinion.METHODS:We conducted a comprehensive literature search for studies addressing the utility of cardiorespiratory and pulse oximetry monitoring in common pediatric conditions and drafted candidate monitoring recommendations based on our findings. We convened a panel of nominees from national professional organizations with diverse expertise: nursing, medicine, respiratory therapy, biomedical engineering, and family advocacy. Using the RAND/University of California, Los Angeles Appropriateness Method, panelists rated recommendations for appropriateness and necessity in 3 sequential rating sessions and a moderated meeting.RESULTS:The panel evaluated 56 recommendations for intermittent and continuous monitoring for children hospitalized outside the ICU with 7 common conditions (eg, asthma, croup) and/or receiving common therapies (eg, supplemental oxygen, intravenous opioids). The panel reached agreement on the appropriateness of monitoring recommendations for 55 of 56 indications and on necessity of monitoring for 52. For mild or moderate asthma, croup, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis, the panel recommended intermittent vital sign or oximetry measurement only. The panel recommended continuous monitoring for severe disease in each respiratory condition as well as for a new or increased dose of intravenous opiate or benzodiazepine.CONCLUSIONS:Expert panel members agreed that intermittent vital sign assessment, rather than continuous monitoring, is appropriate management for a set of specific conditions of mild or moderate severity that require hospitalization.
Early Experience of COVID-19 in a US Children's Hospital
Authors: Kainth Mundeep K. , Goenka Pratichi K. , Williamson Kristy A. , Fishbein Joanna S. , Subramony Anupama , Barone Stephen , Belfer Joshua A. , Feld Lance M. , Krief William I. , Palumbo Nancy , Rajan Sujatha , Rocker Joshua , Scotto Tiffany , Sharma Smiriti , Sokoloff William C. , Schleien Charles , Rubin Lorry G. ,   NORTHWELL HEALTH COVID-19 RESEARCH CONSORTIUM
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:
We aim to describe the demographics, clinical presentation, hospital course, and severity of pediatric inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with an emphasis on healthy, immunocompromised, and chronically ill children.

METHODS:
We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of hospitalized children aged younger than 22 years with COVID-19 infection at Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children’s Medical Center at Northwell Health. Cases were identified from patients with fever and/or respiratory symptoms who underwent a nucleic acid amplification–based test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

RESULTS:
Sixty-five patients were identified. The median age was 10.3 years (interquartile range, 1.4 months to 16.3 years), with 48% of patients older than 12 years and 29% of patients younger than 60 days of age. Fever was present in 86% of patients, lower respiratory symptoms or signs in 60%, and gastrointestinal symptoms in 62%. Thirty-five percent of patients required ICU care. The white blood cell count was elevated in severe disease (P = .0027), as was the C-reactive protein level (P = .0192), compared with mild and moderate disease. Respiratory support was required in 34% of patients. Severity was lowest in infants younger than 60 days of age and highest in chronically ill children; 79% of immunocompromised children had mild disease. One death was reported.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among children who are hospitalized for COVID-19, most are younger than 60 days or older than 12 years of age. Children may have severe infection requiring intensive care support. The clinical course of immunocompromised patients was not more severe than that of other children. Elevated white blood cell count and C-reactive protein level are associated with greater illness severity.
PERSPECTIVAS ECOFEMINISTAS Y ECOSOCIALISTAS SOBRE EL CAOS DEL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO: AMENAZAS A LA MADRE TIERRA
Authors: Isla Ana 
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de este texto es articular el cambio climático, las causas de su origen y las posibilidades de superar esta crisis. El desarrollo de este documento se basa en las investigaciones de la autora y en el curso de Environmental Justice de la Brock University. Este curso presenta la perspectiva ecofeminista, la cual sostiene que el proceso de reproducción de la vida ha ocurrido por millones de años sin mayor alteración, sin embargo con el proceso de producción de mercancías que usa el combustible fósil, el monóxido de carbono (C02) se acumula rápidamente en la atmósfera, creando la crisis del ecosistema. Para finalizar se presentan algunas perspectivas que proponen la Justicia Social como salida de la crisis ecosistémica.
LA INVESTIGACIÓN ACCIÓN PARTICIPATIVA (IAP) EN EL MARKETING POLÍTICO 3.0. LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL INTRAPERSONAL E INTERPERSONAL EN EL CASO DE PODEMOS Y CIUDADANOS
Authors: Reyero Simón Laura , Cordero Verdugo Raquel Rebeca , Vargas Delgado José Jesús 
Published: July 2020

Este artículo evidencia que la aplicación de la metodología de la Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP) es apropiada y útil como instrumento de investigación de mercados para el marketing, aplicación cuya validez solo era reconocida en el ámbito de la educación, a excepción de algunos autores como Moreno (2005). La investigación base de este artículo, realizada entre los años 2014 y 2016, confirmó la creación y la consolidación de un nuevo paradigma: el Marketing Político 3.0.
Histomorphological analysis and clinical correlation of neoplastic and non neoplastic skin lesions: a study in a tertiary care centre of Western Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Bisht Mithila , Arya Anjana , Choudhry B. C. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Clinical examination may suffice in making diagnosis of most dermatologic disorders but histopathological examination is often required to confirm the diagnosis and further categorize the lesions. Authors carried out this study to analyse the demographic and histomorphological characteristics of skin lesions, to determine the frequency of various dermatological disorders in the region and to evaluate the agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis.Methods: Punch biopsies of skin lesions received in histopathology section, were included in the study. Cases over a period of six months were analysed. Clinical details were recorded and histopathological analysis done. Special stains were applied wherever required.Results: Of the 120 cases studied, maximum cases fell in the category of 31-40 years, with male predominance. Authors observed wide variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Infectious diseases were the most common of all pathologies. Leprosy was the most common histopathological diagnosis. Complete clinicopathologic correlation was seen in 51.67% of cases while partial correlation was noted in 23.33% making a total of 75%. 25% histopathological diagnosis were inconsistent with the clinical diagnosis.Conclusions: Histopathology is a gold standard investigation and plays a very important role in confirmation of clinical diagnosis of various skin lesions. Punch biopsy is a relatively easy outpatient procedure to perform.
Effect of Refined Nutrition Management on Nutritional Status of Patients with Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Li Weiying , Li Yusi , Liu Min , Gao Liangqing , Zhou Yujing 
Published: July 2020

<p>Objective: To analyze the effect of refined nutrition management on nutritional status of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis. Methods: 100 cases of patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis treated in the author's hospital from August 2018 to December 2019 were selected. The patients were divided into the control group and the observation group randomly and they were given routine nursing management and refined nutrition management respectively. The nutritional status of the patients in the two groups was compared. Results: The post-intervention level of albumin, hemoglobin and prealbumin in the observation group was significantly higher than those in the control group after intervention, while total bilirubin was significantly lower than that in the control group, p &lt; 0.05. Conclusion: The application of refined nutrition management in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis can promote the improvement of nutritional status of the body, which has the value of further promotion and implementation.</p>