bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis B and C viral co-infections in HIV infected children in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Mary Adetola , Adeniyi Oluwafunmilayo Funke , Akintan Patricia Eyanya , Salako Abideen Olurotimi , Omotosho Olorunfemi Sunday , Temiye Edamisan Olusoji 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe study was carried out to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis B and C viral co-infections in HIV infected children in Lagos.MethodA cross-sectional study conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B and C viral co-infection in children aged 2 months to 13 years. There were 187 HIV infected and 187 HIV naïve age, sex-matched controls. Blood samples of participants were assayed for the serologic markers [HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HCV)] of HBV and HCV viral infections using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.ResultThe prevalence of HBV infection using HBsAg was 5.3% and 4.8% (p = 0.814), among HIV-infected and HIV naïve children respectively, while using anti-HBc the prevalence was 7.0% and 7.5% (p = 0.842) among HIV- infected and HIV naïve children respectively. The prevalence of HCV infection among HIV- infected and HIV naive children were equal to 0.5% (p = 1.000). There was also no significant association with the identifiable risk factors (sharing of a toothbrush, sharing of needles, incision marks/tattoo, hepatitis B immunization status, history of blood transfusion, previous surgical operation, sexual exposure/abuse, history of jaundice, and genital circumcision) and the HBV and or HCV status among both groups of children. History of sexual exposure/abuse and history of jaundice were however found to be predictors of the presence of HBsAg among HIV infected children only, using a binary logistic regression model.ConclusionThe prevalence of HBV and or HCV infection among HIV-infected children is similar to the prevalence among HIV naïve children, suggesting that HIV-infected children are not more predisposed to viral hepatitis than healthy children. Also, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of HBV infection irrespective of the use of HBsAg or anti-HBc.
Vaccines safety and maternal knowledge for enhanced maternal immunization acceptability in rural Uganda: A qualitative study approach
Authors: Kajungu Dan , Muhoozi Michael , Stark James , Weibel Daniel , Sturkenboom Miriam C. J. M. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundMaternal immunization is a successful and cost-effective public health strategy. It protects pregnant women and their infants from vaccine-preventable diseases. Uganda is exploring new vaccines for pregnant women like replacing Tetanus Toxoid (TT) with Tetanus-Diphtheria (Td). Research on knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and willingness among pregnant women is needed before the introduction of vaccines for pregnant women. This study was aimed at exploring maternal knowledge, attitudes, willingness, and beliefs towards maternal immunization among pregnant women in rural Uganda.MethodsThis was a qualitative descriptive study. Ten focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted at antenatal care (ANC) clinics and in a rural community of Uganda. Five key informant interviews (KIIs) were done with health workers, for triangulation. Considering context and research characteristics, data were collected and thematically analyzed.ResultsWomen were familiar with the importance of maternal vaccines, had positive attitudes, and expressed willingness to take them. Acceptance of a new vaccine could be affected by worries of pregnant women and that of their partners, who influence health seeking decisions in a home concerning adverse events, following the maternal immunization (AEFI). There were misconceptions about introduction of vaccines such as the belief that vaccines treat malaria and general body weakness, and being used as guinea pigs to test for the vaccine before its introduction to the larger population.ConclusionA range of diverse sentiments and beliefs may affect uptake and acceptability of vaccines that are introduced in communities. For instance, ignoring vaccine safety concerns may impede maternal immunization acceptability, because pregnant women and their husbands are concerned about AEFI. Moreover, husbands make all health-seeking decisions at home, and their opinion is key, when considering such interventions.
A novel mouse model of obstructive sleep apnea by bulking agent-induced tongue enlargement results in left ventricular contractile dysfunction
Authors: Lebek Simon , Hegner Philipp , Schach Christian , Reuthner Kathrin , Tafelmeier Maria , Maier Lars Siegfried , Arzt Michael , Wagner Stefan 
Published: December 2020

Aims
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a widespread disease with high global socio-economic impact. However, detailed pathomechanisms are still unclear, partly because current animal models of OSA do not simulate spontaneous airway obstruction. We tested whether polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) injection into the tongue induces spontaneous obstructive apneas.

Methods and results
PTFE (100 μl) was injected into the tongue of 31 male C57BL/6 mice and 28 mice were used as control. Spontaneous apneas and inspiratory flow limitations were recorded by whole-body plethysmography and mRNA expression of the hypoxia marker KDM6A was quantified by qPCR. Left ventricular function was assessed by echocardiography and ventricular CaMKII expression was measured by Western blotting. After PTFE injection, mice showed features of OSA such as significantly increased tongue diameters that were associated with significantly and sustained increased frequencies of inspiratory flow limitations and apneas. Decreased KDM6A mRNA levels indicated chronic hypoxemia. 8 weeks after surgery, PTFE-treated mice showed a significantly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Moreover, the severity of diastolic dysfunction (measured as E/e’) correlated significantly with the frequency of apneas. Accordingly, CaMKII expression was significantly increased in PTFE mice and correlated significantly with the frequency of apneas.

Conclusions
We describe here the first mouse model of spontaneous inspiratory flow limitations, obstructive apneas, and hypoxia by tongue enlargement due to PTFE injection. These mice develop systolic and diastolic dysfunction and increased CaMKII expression. This mouse model offers great opportunities to investigate the effects of obstructive apneas.
Association between serum lipid concentrations and attempted suicide in patients with major depressive disorder: A meta-analysis
Authors: Li Huan , Zhang Xueyan , Sun Qing , Zou Rui , Li Zhijun , Liu Shengyuan 
Published: December 2020

Background
There is growing evidence that serum lipid concentrations may be associated with attempted suicide in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), but these findings remain controversial. Thus, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the associations between serum lipid concentrations and attempted suicide in MDD patients.

Materials and methods
Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the China National Knowledge Library) were searched for relevant literature up to 10 February 2020. We used a random-effects model based on heterogeneity amongst studies and generated pooled standardised mean differences (SMDs).

Results
Thirty-two studies comprising 7,068 subjects met the inclusion criteria. A pooled analysis showed that compared with non-attempters, MDD patients who had attempted suicide had significantly lower serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) (SMD: -0.63, 95% CI: -0.83 to -0.44) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD: -0.69, 95% CI: -1.04 to -0.34), but the serum concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD: -0.12, 95% CI: -0.33 to 0.10) and triglycerides (TGs) (SMD: 0.00, 95% CI: -0.20 to 0.20) were not significantly different between the two groups. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis indicated that heterogeneity with respect to TC concentrations may be due to different ages (p = 0.041) and sample sizes (p = 0.016) of studies, and that heterogeneity with respect to HDL-C concentrations may be partly due to different settings of studies (p = 0.017).

Conclusions
This meta-analysis demonstrated that lower concentrations of TC and LDL-C, but not of HDL-C and TGs, were associated with attempted suicide in MDD patients. This indicates that TC and LDL-C may be useful as biological markers for predicting whether MDD patients may attempt to commit suicide.
Clinical Impact of Rectal Hyposensitivity: A Cross-Sectional Study of 2,876 Patients With Refractory Functional Constipation
Authors: Vollebregt Paul F. , Burgell Rebecca E. , Hooper Richard L. , Knowles Charles H. , Scott S. Mark 
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Normal bowel function requires intact sensory pathways. Diminished rectal sensation (rectal hyposensitivity [RH]) is associated with constipation, although its clinical importance remains unclear.

METHODS:
Consecutive patients (aged 18–80) attending a tertiary center (2004–2016) for investigation of refractory functional constipation (Rome IV core criteria defined, applied post hoc) were included. Patients completed a clinical symptom questionnaire and underwent anorectal physiologic investigations, including rectal sensory testing (balloon distension) to determine 3 well-established sensory thresholds. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations between RH, symptomology, and allied physiologic investigations.

RESULTS:
Of 2,876 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 722 (25%) had RH based on ≥1 elevated sensory thresholds (0: n = 2,154 [74.9%]; 1: n = 327 [11.4%]; 2: n = 209 [7.3%]; and 3: n = 186 [6.5%]). A linear relationship existed between increasing number of elevated sensory thresholds and constipation severity (Cleveland Clinic constipation score: mean difference per threshold [95% confidence interval] 0.69 [0.48–0.90]; P < 0.001). Several symptoms were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with RH including: infrequent defecation (odds ratio 1.29 [1.17–1.42]), painful evacuation (1.15 [1.05–1.27]), prolonged toileting (1.14 [1.05–1.24]), and digitation or enema use (1.18 [1.08–1.30]). On defecography, a “functional” evacuation disorder was also associated with RH (1.37 [1.25–1.50], P < 0.001), as was megarectum (2.52 [2.08–3.05], P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
RH occurs in 25% of patients with refractory functional constipation. Increased number of elevated sensory thresholds is associated with more severe constipation phenotype. These data, in the largest study to date, provide for the first time evidence to show that RH is a major pathophysiologic mechanism in constipation, with recognized clinical impact (http://links.lww.com/AJG/B765).

JOURNAL/ajgast/04.03/00000434-202104000-00029/inline-graphic1/v/2023-07-18T070751Z/r/image-tiff
When Should We Let Colorectal Cancer Screening Get Personal?
Authors: Lam Angela Y. , Lee Jeffrey K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although screening reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and related mortality, national CRC screening rates remain suboptimal. Identifying strategies to improve screening rates remains an area of intense focus, and previous literature supports an association between the perceived risk of CRC and a likelihood or intent to complete screening. However, risk estimation alone through the validated National Cancer Institute Colorectal Cancer Risk Assessment Tool does not improve screening uptake compared with general education. Future studies should couple risk estimation with patient navigation and decision support aids to build upon our existing armamentarium of effective interventions.
Back to Basics: History and Physical Examination Uncover Colonic Metastasis in a Patient With Remote History of Breast Cancer
Authors: Higley Cory , Hsu Angela , Park Byoung Uk , Pang Maoyin 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
We present the cast of a 74-year-old woman with a remote history of recurrent localized breast cancer who presented with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms who was subsequently found to have metastatic breast cancer in the transverse colon. Nonspecific gastrointestinal complaints can be the first sign of cancer recurrence in these patients. Providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for disease recurrence when evaluating cancer survivors.
Correlation of Obesity Status with Zinc Serum Levels and Insulin Resistance in Perimenopause Obese Women
Authors: Listya Heidi , Sulchan Muhammad , Murbawani Etisa Adi , Puruhita Niken , Sukmadianti Amalia 
Published: December 2020

Background : Obesity is one of the global health problems. The prevalence of obesity in women is higher than men. Various metabolic problems are caused by obesity, such as insulin resistance and deficiency of micronutrients such as zinc. The occurrence of insulin resistance in obesity is also influenced by zinc deficiency.Objectives : To analyse the correlation of obesity status with serum zinc levels and insulin resistance in perimenopause obese women.Methods : Correlational research with 62 perimenopause obese women subject aged 40-50 years old who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Serum zinc levels were measurement using AAS and insulin resistance using HOMA IR formula. Serum zinc levels, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose taken from venous blood. Hypothesis testing uses Pearson correlation.Results : 12.9% had low serum zinc levels and high HOMA IR 9.09%. There was a significant negative correlation between BMI with serum zinc levels (r = -0.402; p = 0.001) and significant positive correlation between BMI with insulin resistance (r = 0.396; p = 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between WC with serum zinc levels (r = -0.18 , p = 0.161) and significant positive correlation between WC with insulin resistance ( r =0.284 , p =0.025 ). and significant negative correlation between serum zinc levels with insulin resistance (r = -0.404; p = 0.001).Conclusion : There is a correlation between obesity status with serum zinc levels and correlation between obesity status with insulin resistance in perimenopause obese women.
Correlation Between Level of Depression and Risk of Suicide in Elderly at Purwodadi, Grobogan
Authors: Hadi Rilla Fiftina , Hadiati Titis , Wardani Natalia Dewi 
Published: December 2020

Background: According to WHO, the elderly people have physical and mental challenges, including depression. The incidence of depression lead to suicide on elderly is about 12.7%. In Grobogan Regency, Purwodadi, Central Java, there has been an increase of depression in the last 5 years. Purwodadi Subdistrict depends on the number of orders with the highest number of traffic cases and the elderly.Objective: To determine the correlation between depression level and the risk of suicide.Methods: This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional design in which all respondents were observed and variables were measured at one time. Samples were taken from elderly outpatient of primary health care and Posyandu lansia at Purwodadi, who met the inclusion and exclusion criterias. Research samples were selected based on nonprobability sampling method through purposive sampling. This research used the Indonesian version of the GDS (Geriatric Depression Scale) and CSSRS (Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale) questionnaire.Results: The prevalence of elderly depression is 63.3%, and a significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide (p <0.05)Conclusion: significant correlation was found between severe depression and low risk of suicide.
Literasi Media Sosial pada Pustakawan Perguruan Tinggi Negeri
Authors: Putri Desiana Ekasari , Mutia Fitri 
Published: December 2020

Media sosial merupakan salah satu perkembangan teknologi informasi yang menjadi primadona di masyarakat. Pustakawan diharapkan memiliki literasi media sosial agar dapat menggunakan dan mengelola informasi secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui literasi media sosial yang dimiliki oleh pustakawan, dengan menggunakan kerangka konseptual yang digagas oleh Vanwynsberghe dan Verdegem. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan total sampling atau sampling jenuh. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 56 orang, yang tersebar di enam perpustakaan perguruan tinggi negeri di Surabaya. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan literasi media sosial yang dimiliki oleh mayoritas pustakawan perguruan tinggi negeri di Surabaya berada pada kategori tinggi (3,57), kemampuan ini meliputi kompetensi praktis dan kompetensi kognitif memperoleh skor masing-masing sebesar 3,66 sedangkan kompetensi afektif berada pada kategori sedang, dengan skor sebesar 3,39. Mayoritas pustakawan perguruan tinggi negeri di Surabaya menguasai cara pengoperasian media sosial melalui perangkat digital, mengidentifikasi, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi informasi di media sosial serta memandang media sosial sebagai media yang mampu memberikan dampak positif.
Validity and Reliability of Using Load-Velocity Relationship Profiles to Establish Back Squat 1 m·s‐1 Load
Authors: Elsworthy Nathan , Callaghan Dean E. , Scanlan Aaron T. , Kertesz Alex H.M. , Kean Crystal O. , Dascombe Benjamin J. , Guy Joshua H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Elsworthy, N, Callaghan, DE, Scanlan, AT, Kertesz, AHM, Kean, CO, Dascombe, BJ, and Guy, JH. Validity and reliability of using load-velocity relationship profiles to establish back squat 1 m·s‐1 load. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 340–346, 2021—Although measuring movement velocity during resistance exercise is being increasingly used to monitor player readiness for competition in team sports, the validity and reliability of using set target velocities has not been examined. This study examined test-retest reliability of the load-velocity relationship during the back squat to predict loads corresponding to a mean velocity of 1 m·s−1 (V1Load), test-retest reliability of mean concentric velocity at V1Load, and criterion validity of mean concentric velocity at V1Load. Twenty-seven resistance-trained male rugby league players completed 2 testing sessions on separate days to establish individualized back squat load-velocity relationship profiles (30, 40, 60, and 80% estimated 1 repetition maximum). Velocity during the back squat was assessed at each load and V1Load derived using individualized linear regression equations. A subset of subjects (n = 18) also performed the back squat at predicted V1Load to examine the test-retest reliability and compare the mean concentric velocity with the predicted target of 1 m·s−1. The mean concentric velocity was consistent across all loads during load-velocity relationship testing (p > 0.05, intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] ≥0.75, coefficient of variation [CV] ≤5.7%, effect size [ES] ≤0.27), and for predicting V1Load (p = 0.11, ICC = 0.95, CV = 3.9%, ES = 0.11). The mean concentric velocity at V1Load was reliable (ICC = 0.77; CV = 2.6%; ES = 0.39) and not significantly different (p = 0.21) to the target velocity, supporting criterion validity. Individualized load-velocity profiles for the back squat can accurately predict V1Load, and subsequent use of V1Load to assess back squat velocity is valid and reliable. Using V1Load to assess changes in back squat velocity may have application in measuring changes in strength and power or readiness to train.
Perceptual and Neuromuscular Responses Adapt Similarly Between High-Load Resistance Training and Low-Load Resistance Training With Blood Flow Restriction
Authors: Teixeira Emerson Luiz , Painelli Vitor de Salles , Schoenfeld Brad Jon , Silva-Batista Carla , Longo Ariel Roberth , Aihara André Yui , Cardoso Fabiano Nassar , Peres Bergson de Almeida , Tricoli Valmor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Teixeira, EL, Painelli, VdS, Schoenfeld, BJ, Silva-Batista, C, Longo, AR, Aihara, AY, Cardoso, FN, Peres, BdA, and Tricoli, V. Perceptual and neuromuscular responses adapt similarly between high-load resistance training and low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2410–2416, 2022—This study compared the effects of 8 weeks of low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction (LL-BFR) and high-load resistance training (HL-RT) on perceptual responses (rating of perceived exertion [RPE] and pain), quadriceps cross-sectional area (QCSA), and muscle strength (1 repetition maximum [RM]). Sixteen physically active men trained twice per week, for 8 weeks. One leg performed LL-BFR (3 sets of 15 repetitions, 20% 1RM), whereas the contralateral leg performed HL-RT (3 sets of 8 repetitions, 70% 1RM). Rating of perceived exertion and pain were evaluated immediately after the first and last training sessions, whereas QCSA and 1RM were assessed at baseline and after training. Rating of perceived exertion was significantly lower (6.8 ± 1.1 vs. 8.1 ± 0.8, p = 0.001) and pain significantly higher (7.1 ± 1.2 vs. 5.8 ± 1.8, p = 0.02) for LL-BFR than that for HL-RT before training. Significant reductions in RPE and pain were shown for both protocols after training (both p < 0.0001), although no between-protocol differences were shown in absolute changes (p = 0.10 and p = 0.48, respectively). Both LL-BFR and HL-RT were similarly effective in increasing QCSA (7.0 ± 3.8% and 6.3 ± 4.1%, respectively; both p < 0.0001) and 1RM (6.9 ± 4.1% and 13.7 ± 5.9%, respectively; both P < 0.0001), although absolute changes for 1RM in HL-RT were greater than LL-BFR (p = 0.001). In conclusion, LL-BFR produces lower RPE values and a higher pain perception than HL-RT. However, consistent application of these approaches result in chronic adaptations so that there are no differences in perceptual responses over the course of time. In addition, muscle strength is optimized with HL-RT despite similar increases in muscle hypertrophy between conditions.
The Effects of Load Magnitude and Carry Position on Lumbopelvic-Hip Complex and Scapular Stabilizer Muscle Activation During Unilateral Dumbbell Carries
Authors: Bordelon Nicole M. , Wasserberger Kyle W. , Cassidy Molly M. , Oliver Gretchen D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Bordelon, NM, Wasserberger, KW, Cassidy, MM, and Oliver, GD. The effects of load magnitude and carry position on lumbopelvic-hip complex and scapular stabilizer muscle activation during unilateral dumbbell carries. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S114–S119, 2021—The primary aims of the study were to (a) quantify the effect of load magnitude on lumbopelvic-hip complex (LPHC) and scapular muscle activation and (b) quantify the effect of different carry positions on bilateral glutei medii (GM) and external oblique (EO) activation during unilateral dumbbell carries. Eighteen resistance-trained individuals (22.6 ± 2.6 years) completed 3 trials of 3 carry positions (overhead, front-racked, and suitcase) with 3 load conditions (light, moderate, and heavy) across a twelve-meter distance with the dumbbell held on the subject's dominant side. Electromyographic data were collected on the dominant upper (UT) and lower trapezius (LT), latissimus dorsi (LD), and serratus anterior (SA) as well as bilateral GM and EO. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant load by muscle interaction [F
(14, 81.931) = 15.474; p < 0.001;

= 0.477]. Follow-up pairwise comparisons revealed increased muscle activation with increased load across most muscles. There was also a significant muscle by position interaction for bilateral GM and EO [GM: F
(1.157, 19.662) = 20.240; p < 0.001;

= 0.544] [EO: F
(1.302, 22.129) = 25.620; p < 0.001;

= 0.601]. Post-hoc analysis revealed bilateral differences in muscle activation for the GM in the suitcase position and for the EO in the overhead and suitcase position, where the nondominant side showed significantly greater activation (all p < 0.039). These findings suggest unilateral carries may be used to target LPHC and scapular muscle activation; however, load and carry position should be considered because variations affect muscle activation.