bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of mirna-21 on survival prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chen Jing , He Guoqian , Xu Wenming , He Guolin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies have reported that microRNA-21 (mRNA-21) has an effect on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. However, the conclusion is still unclear. Therefore, this study will try to explore the effect of high expression of mRNA-21 on the prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Methods:
Retrieved the database, including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical literature Database (CBM), Chinese Scientific and Journal Database (VIP), Wan Fang database, PubMed, and EMBASE. Hazard ratios (HRs) and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the prognostic effect of miRNA-21 on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RevMan 5.3 and STATA 16.0 software were used to perform the meta-analysis.

Results:
This study will comprehensively review and evaluate the available evidence of high expression of miRNA-21 on the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Conclusion:
Our findings will show the effect of high expression of miRNA-21 on the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. Such studies may find a new prognostic marker for patients with pancreatic cancer and help clinicians and health professionals make clinical decisions.

Ethics and dissemination:
The private information from individuals will not publish. This systematic review also will not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results may be published in a peer- reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.

OSF Registration number:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/2A6KJ.
Therapeutic Potentials of MicroRNAs for Curing Diabetes Through Pancreatic β-Cell Regeneration or Replacement
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Waseem , Li Ye , Ghani Hammad , Birmani Muhammad Waseem , Liu Bin , Lang Guan Cun , Zhang Wenqi , Xiao Mei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
MicroRNAs are a type of noncoding RNAs that regulates the expression of target genes at posttranscriptional level. MicroRNAs play essential roles in regulating the expression of different genes involved in pancreatic development, β-cell mass maintenance, and β-cell function. Alteration in the level of miRNAs involved in β-cell function leads to the diabetes. Being an epidemic, diabetes threatens the life of millions of patients posing a pressing demand for its urgent resolve. However, the currently available therapies are not substantial to cure the diabetic epidemic. Thus, researchers are trying to find new ways to replenish the β-cell mass in patients with diabetes. One promising approach is the in vivo regeneration of β-cell mass or increasing the efficiency of β-cell function. Another clinical strategy is the transplantation of in vitro developed β-like cells. Owing to their role in pancreatic β-cell development, maintenance, functioning and their involvement in diabetes, overexpression or attenuation of different miRNAs can cause β-cell regeneration in vivo or can direct the differentiation of various kinds of stem/progenitor cells to β-like cells in vitro. Here, we will summarize different strategies used by researchers to investigate the therapeutic potentials of miRNAs, with focus on miR-375, for curing diabetes through β-cell regeneration or replacement.
Laterality and Patient-Reported Outcomes following Autologous Breast Reconstruction with Free Abdominal Tissue: An 8-Year Examination of BREAST-Q Data
Authors: Allen Robert J. , Sobti Nikhil , Patel Aadit R. , Matros Evan , McCarthy Colleen M. , Dayan Joseph H. , Disa Joseph J. , Mehrara Babak J. , Morrow Monica , Pusic Andrea L. , Nelson Jonas A. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Despite the rise in rates of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, few studies have used patient-reported outcomes to assess satisfaction between unilateral and bilateral breast reconstruction with autologous tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate patient satisfaction and quality of life following autologous reconstruction to determine whether differences exist between unilateral and bilateral reconstructions to better guide clinical decision-making.

Methods:
The current study examined prospectively collected BREAST-Q results following abdominal free flap breast reconstruction procedures performed at a tertiary academic medical center from 2009 to 2017. The reconstruction module of the BREAST-Q was used to assess outcomes between laterality groups (unilateral versus bilateral) at 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, and more than 3 years.

Results:
Overall, 405 patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction completed the BREAST-Q. Cross-sectional analysis at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years revealed similar satisfaction scores between groups; however, bilateral reconstruction patients demonstrated higher satisfaction scores at more than 3 years (p = 0.04). Bilateral reconstruction patients reported lower scores of abdominal well-being at 1 year, 2 years, and more than 3 years (p = 0.01, p = 0.03, and p = 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions:
These results suggest that satisfaction with breasts does not differ with the laterality of the autologous reconstruction up to 3 years postoperatively but may diverge thereafter. Bilateral reconstruction patients, however, have lower satisfaction with the abdominal donor site. These data can be used in preoperative counseling, informed consent, and expectations management in patients considering contralateral prophylactic mastectomy.
The Crucial Role of Surgical Treatment in BIA-ALCL Prognosis in Early- and Advanced-Stage Patients
Authors: Campanale Antonella , Spagnoli Alessandra , Lispi Lucia , Boldrini Rosaria , Marletta Marcella 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Studies on breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) are trying to optimize medical and surgical treatments for early and advanced stages of this disease. The aim of this article is to share the experience gathered on the authors’ prospectively collected 46 well-documented cases.

Methods:
Italian physicians are obliged to report BIA-ALCL cases to the Italian Ministry of Health. Because of this cooperation with health care professionals, the competent authority has coordinated and centralized the collection of information for each patient in 46 cases of BIA-ALCL. Statistical analyses with cumulative incidence and corresponding 95 percent confidence interval are provided for each year, dividing the number of new cases that occurred in a defined year and the population at risk of experiencing BIA-ALCL during the same year.

Results:
The mean time to the onset of symptoms is reduced to 6.4 ± 3.77 years (range, 1 to 22 years). Increased knowledge has also shortened the average time to diagnosis, at 7.2 ± 3.71 years (range, 2 to 22 years). A late seroma appears in 91 percent of cases. The patient who died underwent limited surgery. The Italian incidence has been estimated as 2.8 per 100,000 patients receiving implants (95 percent CI, 0.88 to 4.84) in 2015; 2.1 (95 percent CI, 0.43 to 3.86) in 2016; 3.2 (95 percent CI, 1.11 to 5.31) in 2017; and 3.5 (95 percent CI, 1.36 to 5.78) in 2018.

Conclusion:
Although the number of cases has risen slightly, BIA-ALCL is still a rare disease with a stable incidence, easily recognized and with a favorable prognosis also in advanced stages if complete surgical excision is performed.
Long-Term Outcomes of Successful Fingertip Replantation: A Follow-Up of at Least 10 Years
Authors: Hayashi Kota , Hattori Yasunori , Chia Dawn Sinn Yii , Sakamoto Sotetsu , Doi Kazuteru 
Published: August 2020

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of successful fingertip replantations with more than 10 years of follow-up after surgery.Methods:A total of 34 successfully replanted digits in 31 patients with a mean period to follow-up of 16.5 years were included in this study. The main outcome measures were time to return to work, pain, cold intolerance, sensory recovery, nail deformity, grip strength, range of motion of the thumb interphalangeal or finger distal interphalangeal joint, fingertip atrophy, nonunion, bone shortening, use in activities of daily living, and patient satisfaction.Results:None of the patients reported chronic pain. No cold intolerance was experienced in 32 digits. Semmes-Weinstein monofilament testing showed recovery of protective sensation in 27 digits. The moving two-point discrimination test showed excellent or good recovery in 91 percent of the patients. Sensory recovery was satisfactory, and there was no significant difference regardless of nerve repair or injury type. Moderate to severe nail deformity was found in six digits. Fingertip atrophy was evaluated by comparing the volume of the replanted fingertip with the contralateral digit. The volume was 82 ± 17 percent of the contralateral normal side. There was no significant difference in the volume comparing the level of amputation, injury type, or incidence of postoperative vascular complication. Ninety-seven percent of the patients were satisfied with the results.Conclusion:Long-term outcome of fingertip replantation more than 10 years after surgery was found to be favorable.
Five Essential Principles for First Web Space Reconstruction in the Burned Hand
Authors: Greyson Mark A. , Wilkens Suzanne C. , Sood Ravi F. , Winograd Jonathan M. , Eberlin Kyle R. , Donelan Matthias B. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Burn injuries commonly affect the hand, and the development of adduction contractures of the first web space is frequent and deleterious, both functionally and aesthetically. Many corrective techniques and algorithmic approaches have been described to treat this problem, but there is no consensus on the optimal management.

Methods:
A retrospective review at a single high-volume pediatric burn center was undertaken to evaluate the clinical course of these patients. All pediatric patients undergoing initial release of burn scar contracture of the first web space from 2005 through 2015 were included in a retrospective cohort study.

Results:
The authors identified 40 patients with 57 burned hands. The initial approach to management was variable. Z-plasty or other local flap was the first technique used in 28 hands (49 percent), split-thickness skin graft in 19 hands (33 percent), full-thickness skin graft in seven hands (12 percent), groin flaps in two hands (4 percent), and a reverse radial forearm flap in one hand (2 percent). The mean numbers of total reconstructive procedures per hand including the initial procedure were as follows: groin flap, 4.0; full-thickness skin graft, 3.1; split-thickness skin graft, 2.1; Z-plasty, 1.4; and reverse radial forearm flap, 1.0.

Conclusions:
Successful reconstruction of the first web space must be addressed in the context of the entire hand. It is the authors’ preference to use split-thickness skin grafting whenever a skin deficiency is present—only then should leading edge contractures be addressed with Z-plasty. Based on their experience, the authors recommend five principles that are essential to successfully treat postburn contractures of the first web space.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Analysis of Alternative Metrics of Research Impact: A Correlation Comparison between Altmetric Attention Scores and Traditional Bibliometrics among Plastic Surgery Research
Authors: Shiah Eric , Heiman Adee J. , Ricci Joseph A. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Scholarly output has typically been measured by citation-based metrics such as the Hirsch index (h-index). The Altmetric Attention Score has emerged as a substitute to measure digital attention given to a project. This study aims to determine whether there is any correlation between h-index and the Altmetric score in the plastic surgery literature.

Methods:
Article metrics (full-text views, abstract views, PDF downloads, times e-mailed, Altmetric Attention Score, times tweeted, and number of citations by posts) were extracted from articles published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery over a 2-year period. Author metrics, including h5-index, were also collected. Pairwise correlations were performed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (r).

Results:
A total of 1668 articles were published, with 971 included. Altmetric Attention Scores showed strong correlation with other article metrics (r = 0.48 to 0.97; p < 0.001) but weak correlation with h5-index (r = 0.14; p < 0.001) and sum of times cited without self-citation (r = 0.14; p < 0.001). It did not correlate with total publications, average citations per item, or sum of times cited. The h5-indexes showed strong positive correlation with other author bibliometrics (r = 0.66 to 0.97; p < 0.001); moderate correlation with times e-mailed (r = 0.41; p < 0.001); weak correlation with number of citations by posts (r = 0.10; p = 0.002); and no correlation with full-text views, abstract views, PDF downloads, and times tweeted.

Conclusion:
The Altmetric Attention Score and conventional senior author bibliometrics have weak positive correlation at best and appear to have distinct but complementary roles in measuring scholarly output.
The State of Plastic Surgery Education Outside of the Operating Room
Authors: Fisher Mark , Alba Brandon , Duvvuri Priya , Kasabian Armen K. , Thorne Charles , Janis Jeffrey E. , Gosain Arun K. , Bradley James P. , Tanna Neil 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Plastic surgery education consists of technical skills, surgical decision-making, and the knowledge necessary to provide safe patient care. Competency in these modalities is ensured by requiring case minimums and oral and written examinations. However, there is a paucity of information detailing what teaching modalities residency programs use outside of the operating room.

Methods:
A 16-question survey was sent to all integrated and independent program directors. Information regarding nonsurgical resident education was collected and analyzed.

Results:
There were 44 responses (46 percent). Most programs had six to 10 faculty (43 percent), and a majority (85 percent) required faculty to participate in resident education outside of the operating room. Residents most commonly had 3 to 4 hours (43 percent) of protected educational time 1 day per week (53 percent). Nonsurgical education consisted of weekly lectures by attending physicians (44 percent) and residents (54 percent), in addition to weekly CoreQuest (48 percent), teaching rounds (38 percent), and Plastic Surgery Education Network lectures (55 percent). Monthly activities included morbidity and mortality conference (81 percent) and journal club (86 percent). Indications conference was either monthly (41 percent) or weekly (39 percent). Cadaver laboratories, visiting professors, board preparation, in-service review, and meetings with the program director occurred yearly or several times per year. Forty-nine percent of programs sponsor one educational course per resident. In addition, most programs (65 percent) do not receive outside funding for education.

Conclusions:
These findings improve understanding of the current state of nonsurgical resident education in plastic surgery. They illustrate that residents participate in a diverse number of nonsurgical educational activities without any significant standardization.
Sleep Outcomes in Neonates with Pierre Robin Sequence Undergoing External Mandibular Distraction: A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Ehsan Zarmina , Weaver K. Nicole , Pan Brian S. , Huang Guixia , Hossain Md M. , Simakajornboon Narong 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Robin sequence is a common cause of upper airway obstruction in newborns. Herein, we report sleep outcomes in neonates undergoing external mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

Methods:
In this retrospective, 14-year, single-institution study of neonates with Robin sequence undergoing mandibular distraction osteogenesis, we compare respiratory parameters and sleep architecture before versus after surgery.

Results:
Thirty-one neonates were included; age was 13 days (interquartile range, 5 to 34 days) at preoperative polysomnography and 80 days (interquartile range, 50 to 98 days) at postoperative polysomnography. All neonates had severe obstructive sleep apnea at baseline (defined as pre-operative obstructive apnea hypopnea index ≥ 10). Postoperatively, there was a significant reduction in obstructive apnea hypopnea index [38.3 (interquartile range, 23.4 to 61.8) preoperatively versus 9.4 (interquartile range, 5.3 to 17.1) postoperatively; p < 0.0001], and a significant improvement in sleep efficiency and oxygen saturation nadir. Although 26 neonates (84 percent) had a 50 percent reduction in obstructive apnea hypopnea index postoperatively, all neonates had obstructive sleep apnea, and 15 neonates (48 percent) had persistent severe obstructive sleep apnea following surgery.

Conclusions:
We report the largest cohort of sleep outcomes in neonates with Robin sequence and severe obstructive sleep apnea undergoing external mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Although the severity of obstructive sleep apnea improves postoperatively, the disease persists in all neonates. We propose that neonates undergo polysomnography before and soon after mandibular distraction osteogenesis to objectively assess improvement in obstructive sleep apnea, as they may require additional evaluation for sites of multilevel airway obstruction and treatment.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Age-Related Changes in Relaxation Times, Proton Density, Myelin, and Tissue Volumes in Adult Brain Analyzed by 2-Dimensional Quantitative Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Hagiwara Akifumi , Fujimoto Kotaro , Kamagata Koji , Murata Syo , Irie Ryusuke , Kaga Hideyoshi , Someya Yuki , Andica Christina , Fujita Shohei , Kato Shimpei , Fukunaga Issei , Wada Akihiko , Hori Masaaki , Tamura Yoshifumi , Kawamori Ryuzo , Watada Hirotaka , Aoki Shigeki 
Published: August 2020

Objectives
Quantitative synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables the determination of fundamental tissue properties, namely, T1 and T2 relaxation times and proton density (PD), in a single scan. Myelin estimation and brain segmentation based on these quantitative values can also be performed automatically. This study aimed to reveal the changes in tissue characteristics and volumes of the brain according to age and provide age-specific reference values obtained by quantitative synthetic MRI.

Materials and Methods
This was a prospective study of healthy subjects with no history of brain diseases scanned with a multidynamic multiecho sequence for simultaneous measurement of relaxometry of T1, T2, and PD. We performed myelin estimation and brain volumetry based on these values. We performed volume-of-interest analysis on both gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) regions for T1, T2, PD, and myelin volume fraction maps. Tissue volumes were calculated in the whole brain, producing brain parenchymal volume, GM volume, WM volume, and myelin volume. These volumes were normalized by intracranial volume to a brain parenchymal fraction, GM fraction, WM fraction, and myelin fraction (MyF). We examined the changes in the mean regional quantitative values and segmented tissue volumes according to age.

Results
We analyzed data of 114 adults (53 men and 61 women; median age, 66.5 years; range, 21–86 years). T1, T2, and PD values showed quadratic changes according to age and stayed stable or decreased until around 60 years of age and increased thereafter. Myelin volume fraction showed a reversed trend. Brain parenchymal fraction and GM fraction decreased throughout all ages. The approximation curves showed that WM fraction and MyF gradually increased until around the 40s to 50s and decreased thereafter. A significant decline in MyF was first noted in the 60s age group (Tukey test, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our study showed changes according to age in tissue characteristic values and brain volumes using quantitative synthetic MRI. The reference values for age demonstrated in this study may be useful to discriminate brain disorders from healthy brains.
Perfusion MRI using endogenous deoxyhemoglobin as a contrast agent: preliminary data
Authors: Poublanc J. , Sobczyk O. , Shafi R. , Duffin J. , Uludag K. , Wood J. , Vu C. , Dharmakumar R. , Fisher J.A. , Mikulis D.J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe paramagnetic properties of deoxyhemoglobin shorten T2* as do gadolinium based contrast agents. Induction of abrupt changes in arterial deoxyhemoglobin concentration ([dOHb]) can simulate intra-vascular injections of gadolinium for perfusion imaging.AimTo demonstrate the feasibility of making rapid changes in pulmonary venous hemoglobin saturation and employing the resulting changes in T2* to calculate flow metrics in the brain.MethodsA gas blender with a sequential gas delivery breathing circuit and software enabling prospective arterial blood gas targeting was used to implement rapid isocapnic lung changes in the partial pressure of blood oxygen (PaO2). Lung PO2was initially lowered to induce a low baseline [dOHb]. PaO2 was then rapidly raised to PaO2∼ 100 mmHg for 10 seconds and then rapidly returned to baseline. Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) MRI signal changes were measured over time.ResultsArrival delay, signal amplitude and change in BOLD discriminated between large arteries, tissue and veins. The median half-time of BOLD signal in the middle cerebral artery was 1.7 s, indicating minimal dispersion confirming effective rapid modulation of pulmonary venous PO2. The contrast-to-noise ratio in the cortex was 3. Calculations of arrival delay, cerebral blood volume, mean transit time and cerebral blood flow were within normal ranges from published literature values.ConclusionNon-invasive induction of abrupt changes in [OHb] may function as a novel non-invasive vascular contrast agent for use in perfusion imaging.