bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Impacts and Characteristics of Deprescribing Interventions in Older Adults – a Protocol of a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tremblay Zoé , Marcotte Martine , Mumbere-Bamusemba David , Laurin Danielle , Soliz-Urrutia Daniela Furrer , Poisblaud Lise , Farrell Barbara , Sirois Caroline , Giguère Anik MC , Tourigny André , Vedel Isabelle , Carmichael Pierre-Hugues , Morais José , Kröger Edeltraut 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDeprescribing, a relatively recent concept, has been proposed as a promising solution to the growing issues of polypharmacy and use of medications of questionable benefit among older adults. However, little is known about the health outcomes of deprescribing interventions. This study aims to contribute to the knowledge on deprescribing by adressing two specific objectives: 1) describe the impact of deprescribing in adults’ ≥60 years on health outcomes or quality of life; and 2) determine the characteristics of effective interventions in deprescribing.MethodsPrimary studies targeting three concepts (older adults, deprescribing, and health/quality of life outcomes) will be included in the review. The search will be performed using key international databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Ageline, PsycInfo) and a special effort will be made to identify grey literature. Two reviewers will independently screen the articles, extract the information and evaluate the quality of the selected studies. If methodologically feasible, meta-analyses will be performed for groups of intervention studies reporting on deprescribing interventions for similar medications, used for similar or identical indications and reporting on similar outcomes (for example benzodiazepines used against insomnia and reporting on quality of sleep or quality of life). Alternatively, results will be presented in bottom-line statements (Objectives 1) and a matrix outlining effective interventions (Objective 2).DiscussionThe knowledge synthesis may be limited by the availability of high-quality, clinical trials on deprescribing and its outcomes in older adults. Additionally, analyses will likely be affected by studies on the deprescribing of different types of molecules within the same indication, e.g. different pharmacological classes and medications to treat hypertension, and different measures of health and quality of life outcomes for the same indication.Systematic Review Registration Number: CRD42015020866
Analyzing the communication in social media of the main sustainable brands during COVID-19 crisis: the Spanish vs. Italian cases
Authors: Zarco Carmen , Cordón Oscar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Communication is now a valuable element to demonstrate the degree of commitment and transparency that organizations have towards Sustainability. In a critical moment such that experienced with the COVID-19 crisis, companies recognized facing the challenge of continuous and committed communication on social networks as a sustainable activity. All the latter raises the question whether the brands recognized as the most sustainable have actually succeed on being aware of communicating at the most critical moments of the COVID-19 crisis. In this context, an analysis is made of the activity maintained by the main sustainable companies, both Spanish and Italian, within two of the most popular social networks, Twitter and Instagram, at the very early stages of the crisis in both countries. Our results show that most companies have managed to rise to the occasion and show their commitment to the population through social networks.
Spatiotemporal variation and tendency analysis on rainfall erosivity in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Cui Yongsheng , Pan Chengzhong , Liu Chunlei , Luo Mingjie , Guo Yahui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Rainfall erosivity is an important factor to be considered when predicting soil erosion. Precipitation data for 1971–2010 from 39 stations located in the Loess Plateau of China were collected to calculate the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall erosivity, and the long-term tendency of the erosivity was predicted using data from the HadGEM2-ES model. Statistical analyses were done using Mann–Kendall statistic tests and ordinary Kriging interpolation. The results showed that the annual mean rainfall erosivity in the Loess Plateau decreased from 1,286.02 MJ mm hm−2 h−1 a−1 in 1971–1990 to 1,201.46 MJ mm hm−2 h−1 a−1 in 1991–2010 and mainly occurred in July to August. The rainfall erosivity decreased from the southeast to the northwest of the Loess Plateau and was closely related to the annual precipitation amount. However, the effect of annual precipitation on rainfall erosivity weakened under climate change: the annual precipitation increased and the rainfall erosivity decreased. Climate change, however, had little influence on the spatial variation in rainfall erosivity in the Loess Plateau. The results obtained can facilitate the prediction of spatial and temporal variations in soil erosion in the Loess Plateau.
Different runoff patterns determined by stable isotopes and multi-time runoff responses to precipitation in a seasonal frost area: a case study in the Songhua River basin, northeast China
Authors: Li Jie , Dai Wei , Sun Yang , Li Yihui , Wang Guoqiang , Zhai Yuanzheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRunoff patterns are crucial to determine the hydrological response to climate change, especially in a seasonal frost area. In this study, multi-time runoff responses to meteoric precipitation for the period from July 2014 to June 2016 and the period from 1955 to 2010 were obtained to identify different runoff patterns in the Songhua River basin, northeast China, based on six stations. Two distinctly different runoff responses are exhibited: a periodic one in response to precipitation in the Nen River and a constant one in the Second Songhua River under different scales. Stable isotopes in the plain with diverse characteristics also supported these runoff patterns. What is more, gradual runoff relatively less sensitive to precipitation in the Second Songhua Rive was attributed to upstream dam constructions. Furthermore, the Second Songhua River contributes more water to the main stream during January to March at the seasonal scale and in the 2000s at the annual scale, with low precipitation during those periods. This study could have implications for water management in the Songhua River basin.
Age-dependent dose assessment of uranium intake from bottled water in Punjab state, India
Authors: Duggal Vikas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Uranium, both a radioactive material and a heavy metal, poses a health risk due to its radiological properties and chemical toxicity. In the present study, uranium concentration and relative age-dependent effective dose have been measured in 27 commercial brands of bottled waters collected randomly from different districts of Punjab, India. Uranium concentration varied from 0.19 to 9.29 μg l−1 with a mean value of 1.58 μg l−1, a standard deviation of 1.95 μg l−1 and a median of 0.82 μg l−1. Uranium concentrations in all the samples were found to be lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) prescribed limit of 30 μg l−1 and AERB India proposed a radiological based limit of 60 μg l−1. Based on permissible limits, all the samples were suitable for human consumption. The annual effective dose was determined by taking the recommended water intake values of different age groups. The mean annual effective dose for all age groups was well within the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommended reference dose level of 1 mSv y−1. The highest dose was calculated for infants, which makes them the most crucial group of the population.
In-situ synthesis of poly(m-phenylenediamine) on chitin bead for Cr(VI) removal
Authors: Wei Jinyu , Hu Huayu , Zhang Yanjuan , Huang Zuqiang , Liang Xingtang , Yin Yanzhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, a user-friendly chitin-based adsorbent (CT-PmPD) was synthesized by in-situ polymerization of m-phenylenediamine on chitin bead, which could effectively remove Cr(VI) from water. The structure and morphology of the CT-PmPD were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, zeta potential and XPS. Specifically, the effect of adsorbed dosage, pH, contact time, adsorption temperature and coexisting salt on the adsorption of Cr(VI) were studied. Besides, the adsorption mechanism of CT-PmPD toward Cr(VI) were also analyzed. Consequenlty, CT-PmPD exhibited a monolayer adsorption and the Langmuir model fitted a Cr(VI) adsorption capacity reaching 185.4 mg/g at 298 K. The high adsorption capacity was attributed to the abundant amino groups of CT-PmPD, which could be protonated to boost the electrostatic attraction of Cr(VI) oxyanions, thus providing electron to reduce Cr(VI). Additionally, the CT-PmPD revealed a good regeneration and reusability capacity, maintaining most of its adsorption capacity even after five cycles of adsorption-desorption. This high adsorption capacity and excellent regeneration performance highlighted the great potential of CT-PmPD for the removal of Cr(VI).
Removal of Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+ and Sr2+ from shale gas flowback water from the Sichuan Basin in China by chemical softening under the guidance of OLI Stream Analyzer: precipitation behaviors and optimization study
Authors: Liu Wenshi , Sun Lingru , Tao Sha 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The disposal of flowback water is recognized as a key issue for the sustainable shale gas development and discharge after reasonable treatment is considered as a feasible pathway. One of the challenges during treatment is the severe mineral scaling potential in reverse osmosis desalination, especially with high amounts of Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+ and Sr2+ in flowback water. In this study, precipitation behaviors of Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+ and Sr2+ during traditional chemical softening was evaluated so as to achieve optimal chemical dosage. Both jar tests and OLI Stream Analyzer simulation revealed that the main precipitates were CaCO3, SrCO3 and BaSO4 during Na2CO3 addition, and Ba2+ could not be removed efficiently by Na2CO3 unless a high dosage was applied since Ba2+ would react after the precipitation of Ca2+ and Sr2+. Reverse Osmosis System Analysis simulation indicated that Ba2+ was a concern because Ba2+ would form tenacious BaSO4 scale on the reverse osmosis membranes. Finally, the Na2SO4-NaOH-Na2CO3 process was proposed for chemical softening as it has a high removal efficiency and low chemical cost. Overall, this study presents an effective chemical softening method and OLI Stream Analyzer could serve as a reliable tool for the calculation, which would finally improve the design and operation of shale gas flowback water treatment.
Osteoblast-n-Osteoclast: Making Headway to Osteoporosis Treatment
Authors: Kaur Malkiet , Nagpal Manju , Singh Manjinder 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Bone is a dynamic tissue that continuously undergoes the modeling and remodeling
process to maintain its strength and firmness. Bone remodeling is determined by the functioning
of osteoblast and osteoclast cells. The imbalance between the functioning of osteoclast and osteoblast
cells leads to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is divided into primary and secondary osteoporosis.
Generally, osteoporosis is diagnosed by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) and various osteoblast
and osteoclast cell markers.

Methods:
Relevant literature reports have been studied and data has been collected using various
search engines like google scholar, scihub, sciencedirect, pubmed, etc. A thorough understanding of
the mechanism of bone targeting strategies has been discussed and related literature has been studied
and compiled.

Results:
Bone remodeling process has been described in detail including various approaches for targeting
bone. Several bone targeting moieties have been stated in detail along with their mechanisms.
Targeting of osteoclasts and osteoblasts using various nanocarriers has been discussed in separate sections.
The toxicity issues or Biosafety related to the use of nanomaterials have been covered.

Conclusion:
The treatment of osteoporosis targets the inhibition of bone resorption and the use of
agents that promote bone mineralization to slow disease progression. Current osteoporosis therapy involves
the use of targeting moieties such as bisphosphonates and tetracyclines for targeting various
drugs. Nanotechnology has been used for targeting various drug molecules such as RANKLinhibitors,
parathyroid hormone analogues, estrogen agonists and antagonists, Wnt signaling enhancer
and calcitonin specifically to bone tissue (osteoclast and osteoblasts). So, a multicomponent treatment
strategy targeting both the bone cells will be more effective rather than targeting only osteoclasts and
it will be a potential area of research in bone targeting used to treat osteoporosis.
The first section of the review article covers various aspects of bone targeting. Another section comprises
details of various targeting moieties such as bisphosphonates, tetracyclines; and various
nanocarriers developed to target osteoclast and osteoblast cells and summarized data on in vivo models
has been used for assessment of bone targeting, drawbacks of current strategies and future perspectives.
Study on the Plasma Protein Binding Rate and Compatibility Regularity of the Constituents Migrating to Blood of Simiao Yong’an Decoction
Authors: Yu Xiao , Jiao Qishu , Jiang Yanyan , Guo Shuzhen , Zhang Wei , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To study the compatibility regularity of Simiao Yong’an decoction by determining the plasma
protein binding rate with the constituents in Simiao Yong’an decoction and to preliminarily clarify the effects of the
compatibility on the plasma protein binding rate of different components.

Methods:
Based on the equilibrium dialysis method, high-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine
the contents of six constituents, which were divided into a single group and combination groups, in Simiao Yong’an
decoction in the internal and external dialysis solutions. The obtained plasma protein binding rate through calculations
was an index to evaluate the binding of the above components to plasma protein in different conditions.

Results:
Harpagide, harpagoside, sweroside and loganin showed low plasma protein binding rates, ferulic acid exhibited
a moderate plasma protein binding rate, and glycyrrhizic acid showed a high plasma protein binding rate. The
compatibility study showed that glycyrrhizic acid promoted the binding of ferulic acid to plasma protein. Glycyrrhizic
acid and ferulic acid were the key compounds to promote the binding of harpagide to plasma protein. Glycyrrhizic
acid, harpagide, harpagoside and loganin had a significant inhibitory effects on the binding of sweroside to
plasma protein. The plasma protein binding capacities of harpagoside and loganin were reduced by the other five
constituents. Glycyrrhizic acid had the strongest plasma protein binding effect, and the binding effect was not affected
by other components.

Conclusions:
This study explores the effects of compound compatibility on effective components from the perspective
of plasma protein binding by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with the equilibrium dialysis
method, and lays a foundation for clarifying the compatibility rule of Simiao Yong’an decoction and also provides a
new idea for the study of the compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine formulas.
A Simple BF3•Et2O-mediated Cycloaddition Reaction to the Formation of Cyclic Monoterpenoid Pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole Alkaloids
Authors: Tan Siow-Ping , Nafiah Mohd Azlan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract:
A Lewis acid BF3•Et2O-mediated intramolecular cycloaddition reaction of mahanimbine (1)
is described. Three cycloadducts, bicyclomahanimbine (2), cyclomahanimbine (3) and murrayazolinine
(4) were obtained. The structural characterization of these compounds was determined by 1D and 2D
NMR experiments. These compounds showed no cytotoxic activity against human MRC-5 cells (IC50 >
60 μg/mL). Compound 3 showed the highest inhibition cytotoxic effects against HeLa and HL-60
cancer cells with IC50 values of 10.0 and 28.7 μg/mL, respectively. This strategy opens a new approach
for the synthesis of biologically significant cyclic monoterpenoid pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole alkaloids.
Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Five Years Literature Review
Authors: Gkantaifi Areti , Vardas Emmanouil , Alongi Filippo , Tsoukalas Nikolaos , Saraireh Haytham Hamed , Charalampakis Nikolaos , Lövey Jozsef , Hajiioannou Jiannis , Kyrodimos Efthymios , Tsanadis Konstantinos , Mauri Davide , Christopoulos Christos , Iliadis George , Tolia Maria 
Published: July 2020

Backround:
Radiation-induced oral mucositis consists of a series of relatively frequent
side effects after head and neck cancer radiotherapy and has an adverse impact on both regular
treatment process and the quality of life of patients.

Objective:
The purpose of the present review is to optimize the current management of radiation-induced
oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients.

Methods:
PubMed database research was performed on articles published since 2015 that demonstrated efficacy in the
management of radiation induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients.The study selection included observa-tional, prospective, comparative, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled or uncontrolled, and retrospective studies,
as well as systematic reviews and metanalyses.

Results:
From the 931 citations of our search only 94 articles met our inclusion criteria including mucosal protectants, anti-inflammatory agents, growth factors, and various miscellaneous and natural agents. Several methods including both
pharmacological and natural agents have been proposed for the management of oral mucositis. In addition to the already
known interventions with high evidence, according to Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and International Society of Oral Oncology guidelines, further agents have been used. However, a great number of them are lacking of clear evidence, which surely requires the design of more controlled clinical trials for the better assessment of the
most ideal methods.

Conclusion:
The management of oral mucositis constitutes an active area of research. In the light of our results we aim to
illustrate those treatment strategies that are most effective regarding the treatment approach of oral mucositis.
Potentiality of Risk SNPs Identification Based on GSP Theory
Authors: Zhang Hengyi , Zhang Qinli 
Published: July 2020

Background:
A large number of studies have shown that susceptibility to diseases may be related to some
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). Therefore, the location of SNPs associated with diseases in genes can help us
understand the genetic mechanism of disease, intervene in risk SNPs and prevent some genetic diseases/

Method:
Based on Graph Signal Processing (GSP) theory, a novel method is proposed to locate the risk SNPs in this
paper. The proposed method first builds the graph signal model of all SNP loci, and then realizes the location of abnormal
SNPs (risk SNPs) based on the joint analysis of vertex domain and frequency domain of graph

Results:
The experimental results on two real Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) datasets, Agerelated
Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Genetic Disease A (GDA), show that our method not
only finds the risk SNPs found by several state-of-the-art methods, including RF, Chi-square Test
and LASSO regression, but also discovers three potential risk SNPs.

Conclusion:
Our method is suitable and effective for the identification of risk SNPs in GWAS.
Searching the Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin -1 in Septic Children with negative Cultures: A Comparative Study in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Noorbakhsh Samileh , Rabiei Ali Asghar , Rahbarimanesh Ali Akbar , Haghighi Morteza , Ashouri Sarvenaz 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Bacteria induced sepsis is common in infants and children. Staphylococcus
aureus produces numerous exotoxins, like staphylococcal Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-
1), which stimulate the immune system by T cell activation and inflammation in various organs. Recent
studies suggest that staphylococcal toxins, generally named super antigens (SAgs), may also
have a significant role in the pathogenesis of some pediatric disorders especially in the clinical presentation
of sepsis and septic shock. This study was carried out in order to compare staphylococcal
TSST- 1 (SAgs) in children with sepsis symptoms (and septic shock) with negative blood culture
versus a control group.

Materials & Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2 years (2014 -2016) in
two referral hospitals (Rasoul Akram and Bahrami hospitals) in Tehran, Iran. We selected 44 children)
mean age of 4 years) who were admitted in pediatrics and PICUs wards with sepsis symptoms-
/+septic shock. Forty-five children (mean age of 3.9 years) were selected as a control group. All
cases with blood samples were examined for TSST-1 (SAgs) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
method in both case and control groups and results were compared. Data were analyzed by
SPSS-16software. Chi-square or Fisher test was used to compare the variables. P-value < 0.05 was
considered as a valuable tool.

Results:
Positive blood cultures with other bacteria, Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, were detected in 5 cases with negative
TSST-1 in blood samples. S.aureus isolated from blood culture was detected in 2 cases with positive
TSST- 1.Positive TSST-1 (SAgs) was detected in 6 cases (14%) with negative blood culture for
S.aureus; it was significantly higher in cases (14% vs. 2%; P value = 0.05).

Conclusion:
This study indicates the probable role of TSST-1(SAgs) in the progression of sepsis
(and septic shock) in toxic children with negative blood culture for S.aureus. Anti-staphylococcal
treatment is immediately required, especially in toxic children with related clinical presentations,
even in cases with negative blood cultures. Indeed, the clinical use against SAgs suppressants of
downstream cell-destructive events might be helpful.
Chemical Composition and In-Vitro Antimicrobial Screening of Leaf Essential Oil of Plectranthus gerardianus Benth., and Isolation of the Major Constituents of the Oil
Authors: Bhatt Navadha , Joshi Navabha , Ghai Kapil , Prakash Om 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family is one of the most diverse and widespread
plant families in terms of ethnomedicine and its medicinal value is based on the concentration
of the volatile oil present in it. This family is important for flavor, fragrance and medicinal
properties. Many plants belonging to this family have indigenous value.

Methods:
The essential oil of Plectranthus gerardianus Benth. (Lamiaceae) was analyzed by GC
and GC-MS analyses, while the major components were isolated and confirmed by NMR spectroscopy.

Results:
The oil was found to be rich in oxygenated monoterpenes, which contribute around 62%
of the total oil. The major components identified were fenchone (22.90%) and carvenone oxide
(16.75%), besides other mono and sesquiterpenoids. The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of essential
oil was tested against three gram-negative bacteria including Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia
coli, and Salmonella enterica, two gram-positive bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus
subtilis and two fungi namely Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. The antimicrobial activity
of the oil was also compared to the antimicrobial activity of leaf essential oil of another Himalayan
plant namely Nepetacoerulescens.

Conclusion:
The oil showed in-vitro antimicrobial activity against all the microbial strains and can
lessen the ever-growing demand for potentially hazardous antibiotics for treatment.