bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stewarding beyond the 9–5: Implementation of overnight review of rapid blood culture identification panel results by intensive care unit pharmacists
Authors: Arduser Sindelar Sarah M. , Ryder Jonathan H. , Tigh Jeremy , Blum Theodore , Prucha Jessica , Fey Paul , Bergman Scott J. , Van Schooneveld Trevor C. , Sunagawa Shawnalyn W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Rapid blood culture identification is most effective with antimicrobial stewardship feedback, which is limited during non-business hours. We implemented overnight review of Blood Culture Identification 2 panel results by intensive care unit pharmacists and demonstrated reduced time to evaluation (3.6 vs 9.3 hours, P < .01).
Benchmarking broad-spectrum antibiotic use in older adult pneumonia inpatients: a risk-adjusted smoothed observed-to-expected ratio approach
Authors: Khatoun Abbas , Sasaki Noriko , Kunisawa Susumu , Fushimi Kiyohide , Imanaka Yuichi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective:
Antimicrobial resistance is increased by antibiotic overuse, so it’s crucial for stewardship programs to monitor and control their use. Pneumonia, particularly prevalent among older adults in Japan, is requiring higher rates of medical treatment. This study aimed to develop an improved method for benchmarking broad-spectrum antibiotic use in the empiric treatment of pneumonia in older adult inpatients by applying the “smoothed” observed-to-expected (O/E) ratio which adjusts for hospital-level variations and minimizes the effect of extreme values.

Methods:
Using nationwide data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination research group, pneumonia patients between April 1st 2018 and March 31st 2020 were analyzed. The primary outcome was the smoothed O/E ratio of the broad-spectrum antibiotic use for hospitals. It was calculated from the predicted values of broad-spectrum antibiotic use that were obtained through multilevel logistic regression using patient characteristics as predictors from data clustered by hospitals. The analysis investigated the risk-adjusted use of broad-spectrum antibiotics among hospitals.

Results:
A total of 244,747 patients from 958 hospitals were included, with a mean age of 81 (±8.30) years. The proportion of broad-spectrum antibiotic use was 35.3% (n = 86,316). The prediction model showed a C-statistic of 0.722. There was a noticeable variation in the O/E ratio among hospitals with values ranging from 0.13 (95% CI: 0.09–0.20) to 2.81 (95% CI: 2.64–2.97).

Conclusions:
Using a risk-adjusted smoothed O/E ratio, we assessed the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics across hospitals, identifying those with high O/E ratios that may indicate a need for improvement.
Some applications of the Chebyshev polynomials to polynomials in general
Authors: Jameson G.J.O. 
Published: February 2025

The Chebyshev polynomials: some basic factsThe Chebyshev polynomials Tn, named after the Russian mathematician P. L. Chebyshev (1821-1894), are defined by
(1)
$${\text{cos }}nt = {T_n}({\text{cos }}t).$$
Solving the Cramer-Castillon problem using Pascal’s theorem
Authors: Shang Zian , Treeby David 
Published: February 2025

In 1742 the Swiss mathematician Gabriel Cramer gave the following seemingly innocuous problem to the young Italian mathematician, Jean de Castillon:The Cramer-Castillon problem: Given a circle and three points A, B and C, inscribe in the circle a triangle DEF whose sides (extended) pass through each of these points.
On the monotonicity behaviour of a generalised Fibonacci-type Sequence
Authors: Sadek Jawad 
Published: February 2025

In [1], the authors presented a class of sequences generated by powers of the kth-order Fibonacci recurrence relation and showed that the sequences converge. Precisely, the following result was shown:Suppose that k ∈ Z+ and 0 < p < 1. Let x1, x2, …, xk be positive numbers. For n > k, let (1) Then {xn} converges to .
Odd Profiles in Conjoint Experimental Designs: Effects on Survey-Taking Attention and Behavior
Authors: Bansak Kirk , Jenke Libby 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Scholars often face a choice when designing conjoint experiments: to allow for or to exclude “odd” combinations of attribute levels in the randomized conjoint profiles shown to respondents (such as a profile of a Democratic candidate who does not support abortion rights or an individual who is a medical doctor but does not have a graduate degree). While previous work has studied the statistical and theoretical implications of this decision, there has been little effort to analyze how it impacts the behavior of survey respondents. Utilizing eye-tracking, this study considers how respondents’ attention, information search behavior, and choice patterns respond to odd combinations of attributes included in conjoint profiles. We find that the impact of odd attribute-level combinations is minimal. They do not impact attention, search, or choice behavior substantially or consistently. Our conclusion is that scholars should prioritize other considerations—such as statistical, theoretical, and substantive considerations—when designing conjoint experiments.
THE NUMBER OF PAIRWISE NONCOMMUTING SETS IN A FINITE GROUP
Authors: YANG YONG , ZARRIN MOHAMMAD 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We say that two nonempty subsets A and B with cardinality r of a group G are noncommuting subsets if

$xy\neq yx$

for every

$x\in A$

and

$y\in B$

. We say a nonempty set

$\mathcal {X}$

of subsets with cardinality r of G is an r-noncommuting set if every two elements of

$\mathcal {X}$

are noncommuting subsets. If

$|\mathcal {X}| \geq |\mathcal {Y}|$

for any other r-noncommuting set

$\mathcal {Y}$

of G, then the cardinality of

$\mathcal {X}$

(if it exists) is denoted by

$w_G(r)$

and is called the r-clique number of G. In this paper, we try to find the influence of the function

$w_G: \mathbb {N} \longrightarrow \mathbb {N}$

on the structure of groups.
Geographical distribution and genetic analysis reveal recent global invasion of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, primarily associated with only three haplotypes
Authors: Peng Jing , Lv Xiao-Lu , Ran Xiao-Tong , Jindal Vikas , Banta Geetika , Gupta Virash K. , Kumar Vivek , Wu Qing-Jun , Mohindru Bharathi , McKenzie Cindy L. , Osborne Lance S. , Ahmed Muhammad Z. , Qiu Bao-Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic species complex in which one member, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) has invaded globally. After invading large countries like Australia, China, and the USA, MEAM1 spread rapidly across each country. In contrast, our analysis of MEAM1 in India showed a very different pattern. Despite the detection of MEAM1 being contemporaneous with invasions in Australia, the USA, and China, MEAM1 has not spread widely and instead remains restricted to the southern regions. An assessment of Indian MEAM1 genetic diversity showed a level of diversity equivalent to that found in its presumed home range and significantly higher than that expected across the invaded range. The high level of diversity and restricted distribution raises the prospect that its home range extends into India. Similarly, while the levels of diversity in Australia and the USA conformed to that expected for the invaded range, China did not. It suggests that China may also be part of its home range. We also observed that diversity across the invaded range was primarily accounted for by a single haplotype, Hap1, which accounted for 79.8% of all records. It was only the invasion of Hap1 that enabled outbreaks to occur and MEAM1’s discovery.
Eye metacercariae in invasive pirarucu Arapaima gigas (Pisces: Arapaimidae): A potential ecological sink interaction?
Authors: Franceschini L. , Dias F.G.C. , Miguel B.S. , Zago A.C. , Orsi M.L. , Vitule J.R.S. , de Almeida F.S. , Porto-Foresti F. , Balbuena J.A. , Ramos I.P. , Casatti L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Biological invasions are among the main threats to global biodiversity and present the potential to disrupt host-parasite dynamics. In Brazil, the scientific reports of the occurrence of the Amazonian fish ‘pirarucu’ (Arapaima gigas) in the upper Paraná River basin, São Paulo state, were made in 2015. However, the effects of its introduction are still unknown, including those associated to its host-parasite relationships. As part of our studies on the possible effects of A. gigas introduction into this basin, the parasites from the eyes of 60 specimens of A. gigas were evaluated. We reported the occurrence of Austrodiplostomum compactum metacercariae (Trematoda, Diplostomidae) parasitizing the eyes of A. gigas supported by morphological and molecular data (COI mtDNA). The new partial sequences had a similarity of 100% to other sequences of Au. compactum previously deposited in Genbank. Five hosts (Prevalence = 8.33%) with a standard length between 69 and 116 cm were infected, with a mean intensity of infection of 31.8 ± 17.2 (1–93). Large infected hosts are unlikely to be a significant prey item for the definitive hosts (medium-sized piscivorous birds), and could act as an ‘ecological sink’, disrupting the transmission of this metacercariae. Hosts with high infection rates by these metacercariae may present cataracts, exophthalmos, and blindness, resulting in loss of visual acuity. Considering that A. gigas is a carnivorous and visual predator, the low infection observed possibly does not act as a biological filter to hinder or contain the invasion, probably presenting a low negative effect on the visual acuity of hosts.
Exploring reproductive and population characteristics of magnificent shrimp, Ancylomenes magnificus from the Gulf of Mannar, India
Authors: Chandran Rejani , Saravanane N. , Ajith Kumar T. T. , Sarkar U. K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The magnificent shrimp, Ancylomenes magnificus (Bruce, 1979), is a sea anemone associated marine ornamental organism exploited from Indo-Pacific waters, for the marine aquarium trade, as it has attractive coloration. However, there are no reports available yet on its population and reproductive characteristics (population structure, length–weight relationship, fecundity, sexual dimorphism, sex ratio and maturity stages). The present investigation provides information for the first time on the population and reproductive parameters of A. magnificus. In this study, a total of 158 individuals were collected from the intertidal regions of the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India from August 2021 to April 2022, out of which 61.4% (97 individuals) were females and 38.6% (61 individuals) were males. The estimated mean size (CL ± SD) of females was 4.93 ± 0.78 mm, while that of males was 3.22 ± 0.56 mm. The estimated mean body weight was 0.091 and 0.219 g in males and females, respectively. The study indicated strong sexual dimorphism in this species and considerable variation appeared in the carpus and chela of the second major pereopod, carapace and total length. The carapace length and weight showed a negative allometric relationship with a significant coefficient. Fecundity was relatively lower and embryo volume increased with size groups. Interestingly, the study revealed year-round breeding activity with a peak in the post-monsoon (January to March) and monsoonal period (October to December) for this species. The present investigation provides the first baseline information on the population and reproductive parameters of A. magnificus.
Revisiting Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) magnifica in the SW Atlantic: taxonomic amendments, new insights, and evidence for potential conspecificity with Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) sarsensis
Authors: Pavón Novarin Mariela , Fernandez Julio C. C. , Hajdu Eduardo , Schejter Laura 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the present study we update the distributional, bathymetric ranges and taxonomic characters of the carnivorous sponge Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) magnifica Lopez, Bravo & Hajdu, 2011 providing new records for Argentinian jurisdictional waters in the SW Atlantic Ocean, including the Marine Protected Area Namuncurá/Burdwood Bank. The shallowest bathymetric range is now changed to the upper bathyal (289 m depth). We also amend the original description after re-examination of type materials, when markedly different micrometric values were observed for their subtylostyles and acanthotylostrongyles. We noticed a remarkable similarity between Asbestopluma (Asbestopluma) sarsensis Goodwin, Berman, Downey & Hendry, 2017 and A. (A.) magnifica and we suspect they may be synonymous, but we refrain from taking a formal decision pending revision of all materials reported for the younger taxon or a genetic analysis.
First report and molecular description of Amygdalum anoxicolum from a seamount in the eastern Arabian Sea
Authors: M. L. Vishnu , K. Devika Raj , K. U. Abdul Jaleel , Biju Anagha , Anas Abdulaziz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper reports one mytiloid species, Amygdalum anoxicolum P. G. Oliver, 2001 from the summit of a seamount located in the eastern Arabian Sea. This species was encountered from the core of the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone at a depth of 340 m and possessed several adaptations to low-oxygen concentration. This paper presents the first-ever DNA barcodes for this species.
Impulsivity facets and substance use involvement: insights from genomic structural equation modeling
Authors: Vilar-Ribó Laura , Hatoum Alexander S. , Grotzinger Andrew D. , Mallard Travis T. ,   23andMe Research Team, Elson Sarah , Fontanillas Pierre , Palmer Abraham A. , Gustavson Daniel E. , Sanchez-Roige Sandra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Impulsivity is a multidimensional trait associated with substance use disorders (SUDs), but the relationship between distinct impulsivity facets and stages of substance use involvement remains unclear.

Methods
We used genomic structural equation modeling and genome-wide association studies (N = 79,729–903,147) to examine the latent genetic architecture of nine impulsivity traits and seven substance use (SU) and SUD traits.

Results
We found that the SU and SUD factors were strongly genetically inter-correlated (rG=0.77) but their associations with impulsivity facets differed. Lack of premeditation, negative and positive urgency were equally positively genetically correlated with both the SU (rG=.0.30–0.50) and SUD (rG=0.38–0.46) factors; sensation seeking was more strongly genetically correlated with the SU factor (rG=0.27 versus rG=0.10); delay discounting was more strongly genetically correlated with the SUD factor (rG=0.31 versus rG=0.21); and lack of perseverance was only weakly genetically correlated with the SU factor (rG=0.10). After controlling for the genetic correlation between SU/SUD, we found that lack of premeditation was independently genetically associated with both the SU (β=0.42) and SUD factors (β=0.21); sensation seeking and positive urgency were independently genetically associated with the SU factor (β=0.48, β=0.33, respectively); and negative urgency and delay discounting were independently genetically associated with the SUD factor (β=0.33, β=0.36, respectively).

Conclusions
Our findings show that specific impulsivity facets confer risk for distinct stages of substance use involvement, with potential implications for SUDs prevention and treatment.
Psychological interventions for preventing relapse in individuals with partial remission of depression: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
Authors: Gülpen Joost , Breedvelt Josefien J.F. , van Dis Eva A.M. , Geurtsen Gert J. , Warren Fiona C. , van Heeringen Cornelis , Hitchcock Caitlin , Holländare Fredrik , Huijbers Marloes J. , Jarrett Robin B. , Jermann Françoise , de Jonge Margo , Klein Daniel N. , Klein Nicola S. , Ma S. Helen , Moore Michael T. , Denys Damiaan A.J.P. , Williams J. Mark G. , Kuyken Willem , Bockting Claudi L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Partial remission after major depressive disorder (MDD) is common and a robust predictor of relapse. However, it remains unclear to which extent preventive psychological interventions reduce depressive symptomatology and relapse risk after partial remission. We aimed to identify variables predicting relapse and to determine whether, and for whom, psychological interventions are effective in preventing relapse, reducing (residual) depressive symptoms, and increasing quality of life among individuals in partial remission. This preregistered (CRD42023463468) systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) pooled data from 16 randomized controlled trials (n = 705 partial remitters) comparing psychological interventions to control conditions, using 1- and 2-stage IPD-MA. Among partial remitters, baseline clinician-rated depressive symptoms (p = .005) and prior episodes (p = .012) predicted relapse. Psychological interventions were associated with reduced relapse risk over 12 months (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43–0.84), and significantly lowered posttreatment depressive symptoms (Hedges’ g = 0.29, 95% CI 0.04–0.54), with sustained effects at 60 weeks (Hedges’ g = 0.33, 95% CI 0.06–0.59), compared to nonpsychological interventions. However, interventions did not significantly improve quality of life at 60 weeks (Hedges’ g = 0.26, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.58). No moderators of relapse prevention efficacy were found. Men, older individuals, and those with higher baseline symptom severity experienced greater reductions in symptomatology at 60 weeks. Psychological interventions for individuals with partially remitted depression reduce relapse risk and residual symptomatology, with efficacy generalizing across patient characteristics and treatment types. This suggests that psychological interventions are a recommended treatment option for this patient population.
Sleep and circadian difficulties in schizophrenia: presentations, understanding, and treatment
Authors: Freeman Daniel , Waite Felicity 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is common in mental health care to ask about people’s days but comparatively rare to ask about their nights. Most patients diagnosed with schizophrenia struggle at nighttime. The next-day effects can include a worsening of psychotic experiences, affective disturbances, and inactivity, which in turn affect the next night’s sleep. Objective and subjective cognitive abilities may be affected too. Patients commonly experience a mix of sleep difficulties in a night and across a week. These difficulties include trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or sleeping at all; nightmares and other awakenings; poor-quality sleep; oversleeping; tiredness; sleeping at the wrong times; and problems establishing a regular sleep pattern. The patient group is also more vulnerable to obstructive sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome. We describe in this article how the complex presentation of non-respiratory sleep difficulties arises from variation across five factors: timing, mental state, need for sleep, self-care, and environment. We set out 10 illustrative patterns of such difficulties experienced by patients with non-affective psychosis. These sleep problems are eminently treatable with intensive psychological therapy delivered over approximately eight sessions. We describe key techniques and their typical order of implementation by presentation. Sleep problems are an important issue for patients. Giving them the therapeutic attention patients often desire brings both real clinical benefits and improves views of services. Treatment is also very likely to lessen psychotic experiences and mood disturbances while improving daytime functioning and quality of life. Tackling sleep difficulties can be a route toward the successful treatment of psychosis.
Affect as a component of second language speech perception
Authors: Burton John Dylan , Winke Paula 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that ratings of second language (L2) speech may be influenced by perceptions of speakers’ affective states, yet the size and direction of these effects remain underexplored. To investigate these effects, 83 raters evaluated 30 speech samples using 7-point scales of four language features and ten affective states. The speech samples were 2-min videorecordings from a high-stakes speaking test. An exploratory factor analysis reduced the affect scores to three factors: assuredness, involvement, and positivity. Regression models indicated that affect variables predicted spoken language feature ratings, explaining 18–27% of the variance in scores. Assuredness and involvement corresponded with all language features, while positivity only predicted comprehensibility scores. These findings suggest that listeners’ perceptions of speakers’ affective states intertwine with their spoken language ratings to form a visual component of second-language communication. The study has implications for models of L2 speech, language pedagogy, and assessment practice.
Blend up: empowering LESLLA learners through blended learning
Authors: Jehoul Annelies , Van Nuffel Helena , Schiepers Mariet 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Blended language learning has recently experienced substantial growth, offering numerous potential benefits such as increased learning opportunities and personalization. However, digital inequalities persist, particularly affecting vulnerable groups like migrants with limited education. While the integration of technology in adult education may pose additional challenges for these groups, online learning paradoxically holds the promise of enhancing their basic skills. This study addresses this apparent contradiction, focusing on blended learning in Dutch second language (L2) education in Flanders (Belgium) for L2 learners with emerging literacy and limited formal education, representing the most vulnerable subgroup of L2 learners. This group is referred to as LESLLA learners (LESLLA is an acronym for Literacy Education and Second Language Learning for Adults). Through a combination of a systematic literature review and a needs analysis of stakeholders, including LESLLA learners themselves, the study explores the benefits and challenges of blended learning for LESLLA learners. The study reveals that while many affordances and limitations for adult L2 learners in general also apply to LESLLA learners, the significance varies based on their characteristics, curriculum goals, and context. In order to realize the affordances, while also tackling the challenges, effective blended education for low-literate L2 learners requires (1) a thoughtful design of the blend, in which instructional design principles are integrated with didactic principles for L2 teaching; (2) effective teacher conduct; and (3) powerful policy of adult education centers. This paper outlines the characteristics of each component, offering insights to strengthen blended L2 learning experiences for LESLLA learners.
Impacts of an employer’s contributory pillar: evidence from Chile
Authors: Parada-Contzen Marcela , Provoste Lucas , Sanhueza Cristóbal , Traina James , Tran Uyen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We estimate labor demand elasticities to predict the employment effects of an employer’s contributory pillar in Chile’s pension system. The Chilean system has been a model for reform in many countries worldwide. We find labor demand to be inelastic, with baseline estimates ranging from −0.27 to −0.91. We predict that the implementation of an employer contributory pillar with contribution rates of 1% increase would increase unemployment rates by 0.20 to 0.71 percentage points (pp) from a baseline unemployment of 6.51%. Our results show sizable differences in labor demand elasticities and employment impacts by industry and workforce characteristics. Simulations imply implementing a uniform employer contributory pillar would especially reduce employment for low-skilled workers and workers in industries where labor is easily substitutable.