bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Describing the inputs, activities and outputs of “10,000 Lives”, a coordinated regional smoking cessation initiative in Central Queensland, Australia
Authors: Khan Arifuzzaman , Green Kalie , Khandaker Gulam , Lawler Sheleigh , Gartner Coral 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study utilised a program logic model to describe the inputs, activities and outputs of the “10,000 Lives” smoking cessation initiative in Central Queensland, AustraliaDesignA program logic model provided the framework for the process evaluation of “10,000 Lives”. The data were collected through document review, observation and key informant interviews, and subsequently analysed after coding and re-coding into classified themes, inputs, activities and outputs.SettingThe prevalence of smoking is higher in the Central Queensland region of Australia compared to the national and state averages. In 2017, Central Queensland Hospital and Health Services set a target to reduce the percentage of adults who smoke from 16.7% to 9.5% in the Central Queensland region by 2030 as part of their strategic vision (‘Destination 2030’). Achieving this target is equivalent to 20,000 fewer smokers in Central Queensland, which should result in 10,000 fewer premature deaths due to smoking-related diseases. To translate this strategic goal into an actionable smoking-cessation initiative, the “10,000 Lives” health promotion program was officially launched on 1 November 2017.ResultThe activities of the initiative coordinated by a senior project officer included building clinical and community taskforces, organising summits and workshops, and regular communications to stakeholders. Public communication strategies (e.g., Facebook, radio, community exhibitions of “10,000 Lives”, and health-related events) were utilised to promote available smoking cessation support to the Central Queensland community.ConclusionThe “10,000 Lives” initiative provides an example of a coordinated health promotion program to increase smoking cessation in a regional area through harnessing existing resources and strategic partnerships (e.g., Quitline). Documenting and describing the process evaluation of the “10,000 Lives” model is important so that it can be replicated in other regional areas with a high prevalence of smoking.Strengths and limitations of this studyThe study considered a standard evaluation framework (logic model) to describe the program.Multiple sources of data were collected and included to describe the process of the programThe plan for impact evaluation of the program is discussed in the article.Some outputs may have been omitted due to lack of systematic documentation of all activities within the project field notes.
Linking abdominal imaging traits to electronic health record phenotypes
Authors: MacLean Matthew T. , Jehangir Qasim , Vujkovic Marijana , Ko Yi-An , Litt Harold , Borthakur Arijitt , Sagraiya Hersh , Rosen Mark , Mankoff David A. , Schnall Mitchell D. , Shou Haochang , Chirinos Julio , Damrauer Scott M. , Torigian Drew A. , Carr Rotonya , Rader Daniel J. , Witschey Walter R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractQuantitative traits obtained from computed tomography (CT) scans performed in routine clinical practice have the potential to enhance translational research and genomic discovery when linked to electronic health record (EHR) and genomic data. For example, both liver fat and abdominal adipose mass are highly relevant to human disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is present in 30% of the US adult population, is strongly associated with obesity, and can progress to hepatic inflammation, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. We built a fully automated image curation and organ labeling technique using deep learning to identify liver, spleen, subcutaneous and visceral fat compartments in the abdomen and extract 12 quantitative imaging traits from 161,748 CT scans in 19,624 patients enrolled in the Penn Medicine Biobank (PMBB). The average liver fat, as defined by a difference in attenuation between spleen and liver, was −6.4 ± 9.1 Hounsfield units (HU). In 135 patients who had undergone both liver biopsy and imaging, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed an area under the curve(AUC) of 0.81 for hepatic steatosis. The mean fat volume within the abdominal compartment for subcutaneous fat was 4.9 ± 3.1 L and for visceral fat was 2.9 ± 2.1 L. We performed integrative analyses of liver fat with the phenome extracted from the EHR and found highly significant associations with chronic liver disease/cirrhosis, chronic non-alcoholic liver disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, renal failure, alcoholism, hepatitis C, use of therapeutic adrenal cortical steroids, respiratory failure and pancytopenia. Liver fat was significantly associated with two of the most robust genetic variants associated with NAFLD, namely rs738409 in PNPLA3 and rs58542926 in TM6SF2. Finally, we performed multivariate principle component analysis (PCA) to show the importance of each of the quantitative imaging traits to NAFLD and their interrelationships with the phenome. This work demonstrates the power of automated image quantitative trait analyses applied to routine clinical imaging studies to fuel translational scientific discovery.
Endothelial cell invasiveness is controlled by myosin IIA-dependent inhibition of Arp2/3 activity
Authors: Figueiredo Ana M. , Barbacena Pedro , Russo Ana , Vaccaro Silvia , Ramalho Daniela , Pena Andreia , Lima Aida P. , Ferreira Rita R. , El-Marjou Fatima , Carvalho Yulia , Vasconcelos Francisca F. , Lennon-Duménil Ana-Maria , Vignevic Danijela M. , Franco Claudio A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSprouting angiogenesis is fundamental for development and contributes to multiple diseases, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases. Sprouting angiogenesis depends on the invasive properties of endothelial tip cells. However, there is very limited knowledge on the mechanisms that endothelial tip cells use to invade into tissues. Here, we prove that endothelial tip cells use long lamellipodia projections (LLPs) as the main cellular protrusion for invasion into non-vascular extracellular matrix. We show that LLPs and filopodia protrusions are balanced by myosin-IIA (MIIA) and actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) activity. Endothelial cell-autonomous ablation of MIIA promotes excessive LLPs formation in detriment of filopodia. Conversely, endothelial cell-autonomous ablation of Arp2/3 prevents LLPs development and leads to excessive filopodia formation. We further show that MIIA inhibits Rac1-dependent activation of Arp2/3, by regulating the maturation state of focal adhesions. Our discoveries establish the first comprehensive model of how endothelial tip cells regulate its protrusive activity and will pave the way towards new strategies to block invasive tip cells during sprouting angiogenesis.
Intentions to use travel eWOM: mediating role of Indian urban millennials’ attitude
Authors: Anubha  , Shome Samik 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) on behavioural intentions of Indian urban millennials to use it when they book travel. The eWOM has been measured on the basis of four dimensions, namely, perceived credibility, quality, quantity and completeness. eWOM attitude is studied as a mediator.

Design/methodology/approach
The study first applies a confirmatory factor analysis to gauge validity and reliability. Then structural equation modelling was applied to test the research hypotheses after collecting responses from 288 Indian millennials from six North Indian cities. Mediation has also been examined using the bootstrapping method. The quality of the data was assured by Harman’s single-factor test.

Findings
The study reveals that millennials’ eWOM attitude fully mediates its perceived quality and its usage intentions at the time of booking travel. However, this mediation effect is partial with respect to other components of eWOM, namely, perceived credibility, perceived quantity and perceived completeness.

Practical implications
India has the largest millennial population (440 million) in the world out of which 33% live in urban cities. Hence, it becomes imperative for travel marketers to understand the attitude of millennials’ towards eWOM, shared on social media. They should understand that millennials prefer eWOM in social media over traditional advertising for fulfilling their informational needs. Therefore, by apprehending the impact of recipients’ perception towards various components of eWOM on their behavioural intentions to use it, market practitioners can design superior marketing campaigns that will help them to gain maximum in the changing business landscape.

Originality/value
The study is unique in the sense that to date no study to the limited knowledge of the researchers has investigated the attitude of Indian millennials towards eWOM on social media as a mediator to comprehend their behavioural intentions to use travel reviews when they book travel.
Catalyzing knowledge management processes towards knowledge worker satisfaction: fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Sahibzada Umar Farooq , Latif Khawaja Fawad , Xu Yan , Khalid Roshi 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Constructed upon the knowledge-based view, the purpose of this study is to investigate the interrelationship between internal marketing, knowledge management processes and knowledge worker satisfaction. The study also postulates that specific combinations of internal marketing dimensions and knowledge management processes can lead to improved knowledge worker satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach
The study sample is gathered from 248 personnel of Pakistan higher education institutions (HEI’s). The interrelationships are checked through Smart PLS 3.2.8. The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is used to examine configurational paths for improving knowledge worker satisfaction.

Findings
The results of the study show that in HEI’s, internal marketing has a substantial influence on knowledge management processes, and knowledge management processes strongly enhance knowledge worker satisfaction. The result from fsQCA reveals multiple configurational paths to improve knowledge worker satisfaction.

Originality/value
There is a scarcity of research that has explored the association of internal marketing, knowledge management processes and knowledge worker satisfaction. This study attempts to examine their inter-relationships in HEI’s. Methodologically, the study contributes by combining direct and configurational methods to foster the knowledge of organizational (higher education) matters. The use of fsQCA reveals multiple pathways to improve knowledge worker satisfaction and exposes asymmetric relationships between internal marketing and knowledge management processes that lead to knowledge worker satisfaction. The study identifies the interactions among variables that might not be directly obvious via conventional symmetric methods.
Keeping together: older people in longitudinal research studies, the case of TwinsUK
Authors: Mein Gill , Bhatti Taha , Bailey Sarah , Steves Claire J. , Hart Deborah , Garcia Paz , Tinker Anthea 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
A decline in participation in research studies as people age is inevitable as health declines. This paper aims to address this by collecting data from a group of participants to examine their reasons for declining attendance and suggestions for maintaining attendance as participants age.

Design/methodology/approach
This research used a postal self-completed questionnaire including open and closed questions. The questionnaire was sent to those participants who have declined to attend further clinic visits. Results were analysed using thematic content analysis.

Findings
The study had a 51% response rate. Participants reported difficulty with travelling to the clinic, and health as the main issues in addition to family demands and a lack of understanding regarding the continuing participation of a singleton twin.

Research limitations/implications
This study could only include data from responding participants, answers to open question also included comments from participants regarding their twin.

Practical implications
An anonymous questionnaire was sent to all individuals in the Keeping Together project. It was therefore not possible to identify if responses were from both members of a twin pair.

Originality/value
Maintaining participation in longitudinal studies is of crucial importance to enhance the value of data. Retention of participants in studies may change as people age and health becomes impaired. Suggestions for maintaining and improving the retention of older participants have been identified and are generalisable to other longitudinal studies of ageing.
Radiation oncology during COVID‐19: Strategies to avoid compromised care
Authors: Horsley Patrick J , Back Michael , Lamoury Gillian , Porter Brian , Booth Jeremy , Eade Thomas N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic will present a range of challenges to radiation oncology departments. Early data suggest that cancer patients carry a higher than average, but still low absolute risk of hospitalization from COVID‐19. The risk of severe events for those who are hospitalized however, is high. Resources for usual cancer care will likely be limited. Decisions to alter, delay or omit treatment during this period should consider both the risk of the cancer and of COVID‐19 to the patient, as well as resource constraints. There is a need for departments to adapt with goals of maintaining an uninterrupted, high quality service and of minimizing compromise to oncologic care.
Transcranial Doppler as a Screening Tool for High‐Risk Patent Foramen Ovale in Cryptogenic Stroke
Authors: Park Seongho , Oh Jin Kyung , Song Jae‐Kwan , Kwon Boseong , Kim Bum Joon , Kim Jong S. , Kang Dong‐Wha , Chang Jun Young , Lee Ji Sung , Kwon Sun U. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe identification of high‐risk patent foramen ovale (PFO) is important for selecting suitable patients for PFO closure to prevent recurrent stroke in those with cryptogenic stroke. We aimed to evaluate the predictability of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in diagnosing high‐risk PFO compared with that of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), which is not feasible for some stroke patients.METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the data of 461 cryptogenic stroke patients who underwent TEE and TCD for PFO evaluation. High‐risk PFO on TEE was defined as PFO with atrial septal aneurysm (phasic septal excursion ≥10 mm) or large PFO (≥2 mm). Spencer grading of right‐to‐left shunt was used to classify the amount of shunt on TCD.RESULTSPFO on TEE was observed for 242 (52.5%) patients, and high‐risk PFO was detected for 123 (26.7%) patients. However, PFO on TCD was observed for 336 (72.9%) patients. Among patients with significant shunt (Spencer grade III or higher) who underwent TCD after Valsalva maneuver (VM), 60.0% of patients had high‐risk PFO. However, only 5.3% of patients had high‐risk PFO among those without significant shunt. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that significant shunt after VM had higher predictability (AUC = .876, 95% CI: .843‐.905) for detecting the high‐risk PFO compared with the predictability based on significant shunt at rest (AUC = .718, 95% CI: .674‐.759). (P<.0001 for the differences between two AUCs).CONCLUSIONSTCD is a good screening tool for evaluating high‐risk PFO. VM is important for the evaluation of PFO. Patients with minimal or no shunt on TCD after VM are unlikely to have high‐risk PFO.
Pairing Directional Solar Inputs From Ray Tracing to Solar Receiver/Reactor Heat Transfer Models on Unstructured Meshes: Development and Case Studies
Authors: Bush H. Evan , Schrader Andrew J. , Loutzenhiser Peter G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A novel method for pairing surface irradiation and volumetric absorption from ray tracing to computational heat transfer models is presented. The method is well-suited to directionally and spatially-complex concentrated radiative inputs, such as in solar receivers and reactors. The method employs a generalized algorithm for directly mapping absorbed rays from the ray tracing model to boundary or volumetric source terms in the computational mesh. The algorithm is compatible with unstructured, two and three-dimensional meshes with varying element shapes. To validate the method, four case studies were performed on a directly irradiated, windowed solar thermochemical reactor model. The method was shown to be energy conservative and to preserve spatial variation when mapping rays from a Monte Carlo ray tracing model to the computational heat transfer model in ANSYS Fluent.
A Techno-Economic Analysis of Solar-Driven Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Siegel Nathan P. , Conser Ben 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Water may be produced from atmospheric humidity anywhere on Earth; however, current approaches are energy intensive and costly, thus limiting the deployment of atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) technologies. A system level thermodynamic model of several AWH pathways is presented to elucidate the important energy flows in these processes as a means to reducing the energy required to produce a unit of water. Model results show that fresh water may be produced from humid air via processes driven solely with solar electricity in an arid climate with an energy input between 158 kWhe/m3 and 1021 kWhe/m3, depending on atmospheric conditions and processing configuration. We describe a novel, desiccant-based AWH approach in which the latent heat of vaporization is internally recovered resulting in a significant reduction in energy requirements relative to the state of the art. Finally, a parametric model of a desiccant-based AWH system is used to estimate the minimum levelized cost of water (LCOW) via solar-driven AWH at 6.5 $/m3 when both latent and sensible energy are recovered internally.
Effect of Anode Flow Channel Design on the Carbon Dioxide Bubble Removal in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
Authors: Osman Sameer , Ookawara Shinichi , Ahmed Mahmoud 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
On the anode side of a direct methanol fuel cell, carbon dioxide bubbles are generated as a result of the methanol oxidation reaction. The accumulation of such bubbles prevents methanol from reaching the gas diffusion layer. Hence, a significant reduction in the reaction rate occurs, which limits the maximum current density of the cell. To keep carbon dioxide bubbles away from the gas diffusion layer interface, a new design of the anode flow channel besides wall surface treatment is developed. Such a design can introduce the Concus-Finn phenomena, which forces the carbon dioxide bubbles to move away from the gas diffusion layer due to capillary forces. This can be achieved by using a trapezoidal shape of the flow channel, as well as the combined effect of hydrophobic and hydrophilic surface treatments on the gas-diffusion layer and channel walls. To identify the optimal design of the anode flow channel, a three-dimensional, two-phase flow model is developed. The model is numerically simulated and results are validated with available measurements. Results indicated that treating the gas-diffusion layer with a hydrophilic layer increases the area in direct contact with liquid methanol. Besides, the hydrophobic top channel surfaces make it easier for the carbon dioxide bubbles to attach and spread out on the channel top surface. The current findings create a promising opportunity to improve the performance of direct methanol fuel cells.
Comparison and Implementation of Thermally Massive Wall and Roof Models for Use in Simplified Building Energy Models
Authors: Fernandez Christopher , Jeter Sheldon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An increasing trend in building energy simulations is to use simplified models to reduce simulation time, evaluate different model configurations, and analyze for energy consumption across different constructions and weather climates. Simplified models tend to share some common benefits such as ease of calibration and reduced setup and operation time. All of which allows for shorter time and simpler program to evaluate different situations or systems.
Some of these simplified models ignore thermal capacitance within walls and roofs; removing thermal capacitance can decrease simulation time but may alter loading due to ignoring the delay between when exterior surfaces receive loading and when the load is transferred to the interior. While this simplification is sometimes useful, it often overlooks the delay that occurs between the external wall heating and that heat being transferred to the interior. This paper will explore alternative methods for evaluating conduction loads in opaque surfaces for use in building energy models. Specifically, a differential equation conduction method with numerical integration, closed form solution, and forward difference calculation. These methods will be evaluated for how different conduction simulation techniques can be used in different situations to provide a potential increase in accuracy for simplified models while simultaneously reducing computational loads. Understanding the physics of dynamic envelope loading can change how much energy a building uses and when room conditioning needs to occur.
Imaging Particle Temperatures and Curtain Opacities Using an IR Camera
Authors: Ortega Jesus D. , Anaya Guillermo , Vorobieff Peter , Mohan Gowtham , Ho Clifford K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Falling Particle Receiver (FPR) at the National Solar Thermal Test Facility (NSTTF) is a testbed for promising receiver technologies offering solutions to the temperature and irradiance limitations exhibited by gas and molten salt receivers, since the particle curtain is directly irradiated without the need of containment. Until recently, the heat loss of the NSTTF 1 MWth FPR was not fully characterized. One of the challenges of the FPR characterization is the intricate flow conditions that the particle curtain experiences due to its cavity design with a single open aperture, to allow the direct irradiance. Recently, particle plumes expelled from the FPR during operation were observed. While this phenomenon affects the FPR heat loss and needs to be closely monitored, it is extremely difficult to operate any kind of sensors near the aperture of the FPR. This work describes the development of a methodology using a high-speed IR camera, located ≥ 5 meters away from the aperture, to estimate the opacity of a particle plume, which in turn can be used to extract the average particle temperature of a region of interest with a known background temperature. Experiments performed at the University of New Mexico using four different flow configurations and three different temperatures (200, 450, and 750°C) were conducted to determine the relationship between the plume opacity in the visible range and the “particle-pixel” opacity obtained from thermograms in the IR range. We present a “particle-pixel function” that describes the combined impact of an unknown number of particles at a specific temperature on a thermogram pixel value with an initial value equal to the background temperature. The novelty of this function is that it provides a reasonable estimate of the plume opacity using thermograms obtained from the IR camera; hence a bulk particle temperature can be obtained. Future development of this methodology will make it possible to compute the advective losses from the FPR and provide a first order approximation of the convective losses for the system.