bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saturation time test of membrane to supply clean water using reverse osmosis with pressure stage in rejection
Authors: Zakwan Muhammad , Prayoga Anton , Bismo Setijo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The tsunami in Pandeglang had resulted in high salinity of water and caused water scarcity. Furthermore, there were difficulties accessing water due to dry season in 4 sub-districts in Pandeglang in 2019. Reverse osmosis (RO) is a suitable technology to provide clean water, however, the advanced research is required to undrestand the method and determine the optimum pressure of multi-pass RO to produce clean water with a long saturation time of the membrane. The experimental research used RO multi-pass was operated in Tanjung Lame by various pressures 6-3, 6-4, and 7-4 on the first and second stage to observe the effect of flux decrease and TDS increase throughout 72 hours. Used P1 = 6 bar/P2 = 3 bar showed a better result compared to P1 = 6/P2 = 4 and P1 = 7/P2 = 4 in producing clean water. Provided clean water at 20 ppm has been done by RO multi-pass, which permeates the first stage used as a feed in the second stage. P1 = 6 bar and P2 = 3 bar give the saturation time of membrane 72-80 hour on the first stage and 72-131 hour on the second stage.
Antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from the stem bark of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq
Authors: Elfita Elfita , Muharni Muharni , Yohandini Heni , Fadhillah Fadhillah 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Endophytic fungi are microbes that live to form colonies in plant tissue without harming their host plants. Each higher plant has the potential to contain several endophytic fungi that produce secondary metabolites as a result of coevolution or genetic recombination of the host plant. Endophytic fungi derived from medicinal plants are candidates for producing bioactive compounds. Swietenia mahagoni known as mahoni, is a medicinal plant that has been used to treat various diseases such as to prevent degenerative diseases. Almost all degenerative diseases are caused by free radicals. The endophytic fungus of S. mahagoni is a potential source for the discovery of antioxidant compounds. In the present study, we report an antioxidant compound from endophytic fungal isolated from the stem bark of S. mahagoni. Antioxidant activity was tested by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The compound was identified by the spectroscopic method as phenolic compound. The endophytic fungi were identified by molecularly based on genetic analysis as Cladosporium tenuissimum
The use of 1H-NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics of pattern recognition for authentication of Curcuma xanthorrhiza adulterated with Zingiber montanum
Authors: Windarsih A , Nisa K , Indrianingsih A W , Darsih C , Handayani S , Wulanjati M P , Rosyida V T , Wijayanti T , Rohman A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Curcuma xanthorrhiza is widely used in food and traditional medicine products. Due to its high demand, it is potential to be substituted or mixed with other species having similar appearance, therefore, rapid and reliable analytical method is highly required. The objective of this study was to develop 1H-NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics of pattern recognition as a metabolite fingerprinting technique for authentication of C. xanthorrhiza from Zingiber montanum. The powdered rhizomes were extracted using combination of methanol-D4 and phosphate buffer pH 6.0 in deuterium oxide (1:1 v/v) containing trimethylsilyl propionic acid (TSP) for chemical shift calibration. The variables extracted from 1H-NMR spectra were used for creating chemometrics models. Chemometrics of partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) using 7 principal components (PCs) successfully classified between authentic and adulterated samples of C. xanthorrhiza with high value of R2X (0.988), R2Y (0.998), and Q2 (0.993). Moreover, chemometrics of orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) using 2 PCs and 4 orthogonal components perfectly discriminated authentic and adulterated samples of C. xanthorrhiza. The model showed high R2X (0.965), R2Y (0.976) as well as Q2 (0.946) values. Validation using permutation test confirmed the validity both PLS-DA and OPLS-DA models. It suggested that combination of 1H-NMR and chemometrics method is promising for authentication of medicinal plants.
Microplastic Pollutant Degradation in Water Using Modified TiO2 Photocatalyst Under UV-Irradiation
Authors: Fadli Muhamad Haris , Ibadurrohman Muhammad , Slamet Slamet 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Modified TiO2 photocatalyst has been widely studied on its ability to degrade pollutants in water. Nowadays, one of the water pollutants that significantly polluted water is microplastic. Photocatalyst TiO2 can create an oxidizing agent to degrade microplastic pollutants but have a very high recombination rate of electrons and holes. By modifying TiO2 with silver dopant using Photo-assisted Deposition (PAD) and Reduced Graphene oxide (RGO) using the ultrasonic radiation method, can highly increase the ability of TiO2 catalyst. The modified catalyst was characterized by SEM-EDX and UV-Vis DRS to analyze the properties change of the composite. The performance of composites in degrading microplastic (polyethylene) was tested under UV radiation for 4 hours. The Ag/TiO2/RGO catalyst has a significantly high degradation percentage with 76% compared to pure TiO2 and Ag/TiO2 with degradation percentage of 56% and 68% respectively.
Macro and micromineral in commercial infant formula milk in Indonesia by neutron activation analysis
Authors: Kusmartini Indah , Kurniawati Syukria , Adventini Natalia , Damastuti Endah , Prakoso Djoko , Niken Woro Yatu , Sari Dyah Kumala , Lestiani Diah Dwiana , Muhayatun  
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The content of protein and minerals in infants formula milk is composed based on the composition of breast milk that provides adequate nutritional requirements for food intake in infants. Minerals as in macro and microminerals are essential for biological processes since they involve bone mineralization, enzymatic reactions, secretion of natural hormones, cells and lipid protection. The composition of macro and micromineral is one indicator in influential the quality of formula milk. Therefore, in this activity, the determination of macro and micromineral elements in infant formula milk was carried out by Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) method and evaluated formula milk by considering the concentration of daily nutritional requirements. Formula milk samples were obtained in Indonesian market. The samples were irradiated on a lazy susan system at TRIGA 2000 Bandung Reactor with a neutron flux of ˜ 1013 n.cm−2.s−1 for three days. The validation method was also carried out using Typical Diet standard reference material. The validation results have a good agreement with the certificate value with bias (%) ranging from 0.6 to 6.9. Determination of macro and micromineral nutrients using NAA method resulted K, Na, Fe, Se, and Zn with an average value were 0.66%; 0.25%; 82.7 µg/g; 0.14 µg/g; and 34.7 µg/g respectively. These values were still within the concentration ranges as stated in nutritional labelled by manufacturers. The daily intake of macro and micromineral K, Na, Fe, Se, and Zn were 5150, 5110, 65, 0.11, and 27 mg/day, respectively. By consuming tolerable amounts of infant formula milk, this commodity is a source of nutrition that required by the infant’s nutritional adequacy rate.
Drug Development from Peptide-derived Marine Natural Products
Authors: Sukmarini L 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMarine natural products (MNPs) provide an ample source of pharmacologically bioactive compounds with great chemical diversity and complexity. Peptide-derived MNPs are a class of compounds with diverse and interesting biological properties, such as antiinfective, anticancer, cytotoxic, and antiallodynic. Their biosynthetic production machinery from the ribosomal origin or non-ribosomal origin and the hybrid with other compounds confer these compounds remarkable diversity in terms of structural complexity as well as biological activity. The interest in these peptide compounds is their potential to produce valuable therapeutics and pharmaceuticals. Some of these peptides or their derivatives have reached the pharmaceutical market, while some are currently under clinical trials for developing new drugs. This review focuses on marine peptide-based compounds in advanced drug development for clinical use or pharmaceutical applications. The drug development process and clinical status of ribosomal peptides, non-ribosomal peptides and their hybrids, or the derivatives, are hereby described.
Preliminary assessment of heavy metals in street vended foods in the surrounding of elementary school area in Bandung city, Indonesia.
Authors: Damastuti Endah , Adventini Natalia , Oginawati Katerina , Niken Syahfitri Woro Yatu , Kurniawati Syukria , Santoso Muhayatun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Street vended foods are ready to eat foods sold by the vendors in the street and easily found in the school surrounding area. The availability and affordability of street vended foods made it widely consumed by large of population include children, especially when it is packaged attractively. Unfortunately, the safety of street vended foods especially related to the heavy metal contaminant is still unknown. Therefore, assessing the heavy metal level of street vended foods that widely consumed by children need to carried out. A number of 24 street vended food samples were collected in four elementary school surrounding area in Bandung city. The determination of heavy metal content in this food samples was conducted by neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry as well. The quality of analytical results was evaluated using Standard Reference Material (SRM) NIST 1548a Typical Diet and 1567a Wheat Flour. Compare to the maximum permissible limit established by Indonesian Food and Drug Control Agency (BPOM), it was found that Cu, Hg and Zn concentration of street vended foods were below their maximum permissible limit. However, health risk assessment through Hazard Index (HI) formulation indicated that children in Bandung city may possess non-carcinogenic health risk due to heavy metals from the consumption of several street vended foods since the HI value are in the range of 0.06 – 2.32 with more than 10% of the foods observed were have HI > 1. These may be harmful situation to the children health. Further supervision of the preparation and handling of the vended foods are needed and guidance about the importance of hygiene and quality of vended foods to the vendors need to be improved.
Preparation and characterization of superparamagnetic α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposites via a citric-TEOS-ethanol solution combustion process
Authors: Liu Min , Yu Lulu , Zhang Yanling , Zhang Shaoshuai , Yang Yanxin , Liu Ruijiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Superparamagnetic α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposites were prepared by the citric-TEOS-ethanol solution combustion method. Four key influencing factors, i.e. the calcination temperature, the volume of anhydrous ethanol, the volume of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and the molar ratio of iron nitrate and citric acid (IN:CA) were investigated. The calcination temperature and the volume of anhydrous ethanol mainly affected the phase composition of α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposite, and the volume of TEOS and the ratio of IN:CA had a great influence on the crystallinity of α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposites. The tendency for the properties of superparamagnetic α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposites changing with the conditions was explored and the mechanism was analyzed.
Experimental and theoretical analysis on pump spectral propriety of single frequency Erbium-Ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier
Authors: Bai Xiaolei , Wang Meng , Yang Yuxing , Liu Zhen , Jia Weiguo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The pump spectral propriety of three types of commercial 915 and 976 nm LDs on single frequency Erbium-Ytterbium co-doped fiber amplifier (EYDFA) is theoretical and experimental analyzed. The slope efficiency, ASE intensity and linewidth broadening of the wavelength stabilized or un-stabilized LDs pumped amplifier are compared in detail. The results demonstrate that 976 nm LD pumping exhibits superior to 915 nm LD in efficiency and SNR. Comparing with wavelength stabilized 976 nm LD, the wavelength un-stabilized 976 nm LD with center wavelength deviating from Yb absorption peak and over 4 nm linewidth has better performance in Yb-ASE suppression but slightly lower in efficiency and linewidth broadening. The difference between the two 976 nm LDs could be taped off by increasing the seed power or output power. This work indicate that wavelength un-stabilized 976 nm LD is more suitable for pumping high power single-frequency EYDFA to avoid the bottlenecking effect, and provide reference for the optimal pump selection.
ITO conducting coatings properties improvement via nanotechnology approach
Authors: Kamanina Natalia , Toikka Andrey , Gladysheva Irina 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper the investigation devoted to study and development of the optimized ITO conducting layers are presented and discussed under the conditions of the materials surfaces laser structuration in order to apply the modified conducting materials in the optoelectronics, virus protection, solar energy, microscopy, biomedicine, etc. area. Based on our knowledge and expertise it is established the dramatic change of the main characteristics of the ITO matrix, which surface is modified by the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and additionally treated by surface electromagnetic waves (SEW) as well. The transmittance and reflection spectral change, increase of the micro hardness and laser strength as well as the increase of the wetting angle and refraction change are discussed due to the covalent bonding between the carbon nanotubes and the near-surface atoms of the matrix materials. As the unique point of the study the effective decrease of the resistivity is established and presented. Quantum chemical simulations are supported the data presented.
Development of novel bioassays to detect soluble and aggregated Huntingtin proteins on three technology platforms
Authors: Landles Christian , Milton Rebecca E , Jean Alexandre , McLarnon Stuart , McAteer Sean J , Taxy Bridget A , Osborne Georgina F , Zhang Chuangchuang , Duan Wenzhen , Howland David , Bates Gillian P 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHuntington’s disease is caused by a CAG / polyglutamine repeat expansion. Mutated CAG repeats undergo somatic instability, resulting in tracts of several hundred CAGs in the brain; and genetic modifiers of Huntington’s disease have indicated that somatic instability is a major driver of age of onset and disease progression. As the CAG repeat expands, the likelihood that exon 1 does not splice to exon 2 increases, resulting in two transcripts that encode full-length huntingtin protein, as well as the highly pathogenic and aggregation-prone exon 1 huntingtin protein. Strategies that target the huntingtin gene or transcripts are a major focus of therapeutic development. It is essential that the levels of all isoforms of huntingtin protein can be tracked, to better understand the molecular pathogenesis, and to assess the impact of huntingtin protein-lowering approaches in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Huntingtin protein bioassays for soluble and aggregated forms of huntingtin protein are in widespread use on the homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence and Meso Scale Discovery platforms, but these do not distinguish between exon 1 huntingtin protein and full-length huntingtin protein. In addition, they are frequently used to quantify huntingtin protein levels in the context of highly expanded polyglutamine tracts, for which appropriate protein standards do not currently exist. Here, we set out to develop novel huntingtin protein bioassays to ensure that all soluble huntingtin protein isoforms could be distinguished. We utilized the zQ175 Huntington’s disease mouse model that has ∼190 CAGs, a CAG repeat size for which protein standards are not available. Initially, 30 combinations of six antibodies were tested on three technology platforms: homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence, amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay and Meso Scale Discovery, and a triage strategy was employed to select the best assays. We found that, without a polyglutamine-length-matched standard, the vast majority of soluble mutant huntingtin protein assays cannot be used for quantitative purposes, as the highly expanded polyglutamine tract decreased assay performance. The combination of our novel assays, with those already in existence, provides a tool-kit to track: total soluble mutant huntingtin protein, soluble exon 1 huntingtin protein, soluble mutant huntingtin protein (excluding the exon 1 huntingtin protein) and total soluble full-length huntingtin protein (mutant and wild type). Several novel aggregation assays were also developed that track with disease progression. These selected assays can be used to compare the levels of huntingtin protein isoforms in a wide variety of mouse models of Huntington’s disease and to determine how these change in response to genetic or therapeutic manipulations.
Video Anomaly Detection Using the Optimization-Enabled Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Philip Felix M , V Jayakrishnan , F Ajesh , P Haseena 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In video surveillance, automatic detection of the anomalies is the active research area in computer technology. Even though various video anomaly detection methods are introduced, detecting anomalous events, such as illegal actions and crimes, is a major challenging issue in video surveillance. Thus, an effective automatic video anomaly detection strategy based on the deep convolutional neural network (deep CNN) is developed in this research. Initially, the input video surveillance is passed into the spatiotemporal feature descriptor, named Histograms of Optical Flow Orientation and Magnitude. The features obtained from the descriptor provide the optical flow details with the aspect of normal patterns from the scene. These patterns are further subjected to the deep CNN, which is trained using the proposed dragonfly-rider optimization algorithm (DragROA) to assure the classification either as an anomalous activity or normal. The proposed DragROA is the combination of the standard dragonfly optimization algorithm and the standard rider optimization algorithm. The implementation of the proposed DragROA-based deep CNN is carried out using two datasets, namely anomaly detection dataset and UMN dataset; the performance is analyzed using the metrics, namely accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. From the analysis, it is depicted that the proposed method obtains the maximum accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.9922, 0.9809 and 1, respectively, for the UCSD dataset.
Lessons From a 10-yr Invasive Species Webinar Program: Emerald Ash Borer University
Authors: Barnes Elizabeth E , Usborne Robin , Stone Amy , Sadof Clifford S 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInformation about invasive species needs to be spread rapidly across a wide geographic area following an invasion. However, in-person events can be time-consuming and costly for the participants, organizers, and presenters. Online programming like webinars can bridge this gap, but there is limited published data on how best to run these programs. We report on a 10-yr webinar program, Emerald Ash Borer University, and offer suggestions for improving their effectiveness as a communication tool. Webinar participants viewed the webinars positively and undertook recommended management actions. In addition, most of our survey respondents extended the reach of this program by widely sharing the information from the webinars. Posting the webinars on popular streaming platforms greatly extended their reach long after the live viewing event. Despite their longevity, viewers of recorded videos watched them differently than those viewing live events. We suggest modifying the format of future webinar presentations to accommodate these differences to improve information transfer.
EVIDENCE FOR POLYGENIC EPISTATIC INTERACTIONS IN MAN?
Authors: Heath A C , Martin N G , Eaves L J , Loesch D 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Studies of multifactorial inheritance in man have ignored nonadditive gene action or attributed it entirely to dominance. Reanalyses of dermatoglyphic data on monozygotic and dizygotic twins, siblings and parents and offspring suggest that a substantial proportion of variation in total finger pattern intensity is due to epistatic interactions between additive genetic deviations, not dominance. Bootstrapping and power simulations support this interpretation of the data. We believe this is the strongest evidence so far for polygenic epistasis in man.
MUTATIONS AFFECTING TY-MEDIATED EXPRESSION OF THE HIS4 GENE OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE
Authors: Winston Fred , Chaleff Deborah T , Valent Barbara , Fink Gerald R 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
We have identified mutations in seven unlinked genes (SPT genes) that affect the phenotypes of Ty and δ insertion mutations in the 5′ noncoding region of the HIS4 gene of S. cerevisiae. Spt mutants were selected for suppression of his4-912δ, a solo δ derivative of Ty912. Other Ty and δ insertions at HIS4 are suppressed by mutations in some but not all of the SPT genes. Only spt4 suppresses a non-Ty insertion at HIS4. In addition to their effects on Ty and δ insertions, mutations in several SPT genes show defects in general cellular functions—mating. DNA repair and growth.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE BACTERIOPHAGE T4 unf (=alc) GENE PRODUCT, A PROTEIN INVOLVED IN THE SHUTOFF OF HOST TRANSCRIPTION
Authors: Herman Richard E , Haas Nancy , Snustad D Peter 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
The introduction of plasmid pR386 into E. coli cells renders them restrictive to the growth of phage T4 unf (=alc) mutants. This system has been used to isolate Unf+ revertants, which, along with the mutant parental strains, have been used to identify the unf gene product by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Synthesis of the unf gene product, a polypeptide of just over 18,000 daltons in size, begins within 1 min after infection and terminates at about 12 min after infection at 30°. Gene dosage experiments suggest that the unf protein functions catalytically.