bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iodide reaction times of peroxyhemiacetals (PHAs) in the peroxide value titration; implications for the testing of citrus oils
Authors: Calandra Michael J. , Wang Ying , Beckett Courtney 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLimonene and linalool are major components in many essential oils, and both may autoxidize under certain conditions to form terpene hydroperoxides (THPs), which are reported to be sensitizers that may cause allergic contact dermatitis. This laboratory previously reported that peroxyhemiacetals (PHAs) may be present in some citrus oils, formed by reaction of THPs with endogenous aldehydes. It was also shown that PHAs can dissociate back to the corresponding THPs in polar solvation environments. Because of this potential for reversion to THPs, the analysis of PHAs is important in the context of measuring peroxide values in products. The fragrance industry currently utilizes iodometric titration to monitor THP levels in many raw materials; the currently accepted method requires that THPs in the sample are allowed to oxidize excess added iodide to molecular iodine for a one‐minute reaction time. The iodine generated is then titrated with thiosulfate to give the peroxide value. This paper reports on the iodide reaction time required for PHAs to be quantitatively measured by such an iodometric titration technique, and on the implications to citrus oil raw material testing.
Unintended consequences of health insurance: Affordable Care Act's free contraception mandate and risky sex
Authors: Willage Barton 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHealth insurance is a primary driver of rising medical expenditures. Economic theory suggests that insurance induces an increase in risky behaviors, but previous empirical evidence is mixed. I use a mandate in the Affordable Care Act in which contraceptives were covered at zero cost to consumers to test for unintended effects of insurance on risky sex. Leveraging mandated zero cost‐sharing for contraception and pre‐policy insured rates as a measure of treatment intensity, I provide evidence that this 2012 policy reduced fertility but caused unintended consequences: a decline in condom use and a subsequent increase in sexually transmitted infections (STIs). I discuss shortcomings of controlling for nonparallel pre‐trends using state‐trends, and I suggest an alternative to control for pre‐trends directly in the context of dose‐response difference‐in‐differences. Finally, estimates based on the 2010 dependent coverage mandate indicate health insurance provides an overall net positive effect on insurance and STI prevention.
Establishment and characterization of a DOT1L inhibitor‐sensitive human acute monocytic leukemia cell line YBT‐5 with a novel KMT2A‐MLLT3 fusion
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Shi Yongjin , Liu Huihui , Liang Zeyin , Zhu Qiang , Wang Lihong , Tang Bo , Miao Shengchao , Ma Ning , Cen Xinan , Ren Hanyun , Dong Yujun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractImmortalized cell lines are useful for deciphering the pathogenesis of acute leukemia and developing novel therapeutic agents against this malignancy. In this study, a new human myeloid leukemia cell line YBT‐5 was established. After more than 1‐year cultivation from the bone marrow of a patient with acute monocytic leukemia, YBT cell line was established. Then a subclone, YBT‐5, was isolated from YBT using single cell sorting. Morphological and cytogenetical characterizations of the YBT‐5 cell line were determined by cytochemical staining, flow cytometry analysis, and karyotype analysis. Molecular features were identified by transcriptomic analysis and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. To establish a tumor model, 5 × 106 YBT‐5 cells were injected subcutaneously in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immune‐deficiency (NOD/SCID) mice. DOT1L has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for KMT2A‐related leukemia; therefore, to explore the potential application of this new cell line, its sensitivity to a specific DOT1L inhibitor, EPZ004777 was measured ex vivo. The growth of YBT‐5 does not depend on granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor. Cytochemical staining showed that α‐naphthyl acetate esterase staining was positive and partially inhibited by sodium fluoride, while peroxidase staining was negative. Flow cytometry analysis of YBT‐5 cells showed positive myeloid and monocytic markers. Karyotype analysis of YBT‐5 showed 48,XY,+8,+8. The breakpoints between KMT2A exon 10 and exon 11 (KMT2A exon 10/11) and MLLT3 exon 5 and exon 6 (MLLT3 exon 5/6) were identified, which was different from all known breakpoint locations, and a novel fusion transcript KMT2A exon 10/MLLT3 exon 6 was formed. A tumor model was established successfully in NOD/SCID mice. EPZ004777 could inhibit the proliferation and induce the differentiation of YBT‐5 cells. Therefore, a new acute monocytic leukemia cell line with clear biological and molecular features was established and may be used in the research and development of new agents targeting KMT2A‐associated leukemia.
Harvesting Islamic risk premium with long–short strategies: A time scale decomposition using the wavelet theory
Authors: Ahroum Rida , Achchab Boujemâa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe impact of the Islamic screening on the performance of stock and sukuk investments is subject of a serious debate. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the ongoing studies on Islamic markets by giving new insights about characteristics of the Islamic risk premium. To attempt this objective, we adopt a risk premia methodology using long–short strategies and a time scale decomposition to find out the scale and the intensity degree of this effect over time. Furthermore, we consider the Islamic risk premium as a market factor. Wavelet analysis results in Malaysia highlight the presence of the Islamic effect at low frequency bands and a higher intensity among the corporate debt market. However, this approach's effectiveness is conditioned to the existence of Islamic and conventional benchmarks.
Comparison of the metabolism of 10 cosmetics‐relevant chemicals in EpiSkin™ S9 subcellular fractions and in vitro human skin explants
Authors: Géniès Camille , Jacques‐Jamin Carine , Duplan Hélène , Rothe Helga , Ellison Corie , Cubberley Richard , Schepky Andreas , Lange Daniela , Klaric Martina , Hewitt Nicola Jane , Grégoire Sébastien , Arbey Eric , Fabre Aurélie , Eilstein Joan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn understanding of the bioavailability of topically applied cosmetics ingredients is key to predicting their local skin and systemic toxicity and making a safety assessment. We investigated whether short‐term incubations with S9 from the reconstructed epidermal skin model, EpiSkin™, would give an indication of the rate of chemical metabolism and produce similar metabolites to those formed in incubations with human skin explants. Both have advantages: EpiSkin™ S9 is a higher‐throughput assay, while the human skin explant model represents a longer incubation duration (24 hours) model integrating cutaneous distribution with metabolite formation. Here, we compared the metabolism of 10 chemicals (caffeine, vanillin, cinnamyl alcohol, propylparaben, 4‐amino‐3‐nitrophenol, resorcinol, 4‐chloroaniline, 2‐amino‐3‐methyl‐3H‐imidazo[4,5‐F]quinoline and 2‐acetyl aminofluorene) in both models. Both models were shown to have functional Phase 1 and 2 enzymes, including cytochrome P450 activities. There was a good concordance between the models with respect to the level of metabolism (stable vs. slowly vs. extensively metabolized chemicals) and major early metabolites produced for eight chemicals. Discordant results for two chemicals were attributed to a lack of the appropriate cofactor (NADP+) in S9 incubations (cinnamyl alcohol) and protein binding influencing chemical uptake in skin explants (4‐chloroaniline). These data support the use of EpiSkin™ S9 as a screening assay to provide an initial indication of the metabolic stability of a chemical applied topically. If required, chemicals that are not metabolized by EpiSkin™ S9 can be tested in longer‐term incubations with in vitro human explant skin to determine whether it is slowly metabolized or not metabolized at all.
An oriented hydroxyapatite film with arrayed plate‐like particles enhance chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells
Authors: Komuro Hiroaki , Wint Wit Y. , Horiuchi Naohiro , Nozaki Kosuke , Sasano Tetsuo , Miyashin Michiyo , Yamashita Kimihiro , Nagai Akiko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOsteochondral defects of articular cartilage cannot regenerate spontaneously. For its surgical treatment, advancements in cartilage tissue engineering have particularly focused on subchondral bone lesions that tend to delay healing. Therefore, it is important to understand interactions between subchondral bone and chondrocytes. This study aimed to investigate the behavior of chondrogenic ATDC5 cells on oriented hydroxyapatite (HAp) films that mimic bone surfaces. HAp nanoparticles prepared herein were needle like and plate like. HAp films were formed through self‐organization of the nanoparticles and had 2D structures regularly arrayed with the particles. Both films prominently comprised a‐plane orientation surfaces but differed in the degree of hydrophilicity because of the patterns of particle self‐assembly. ATDC5 cells cultured on the HAp film with plate‐like particles could adhered in a shorter period but could not spread. The adhesive force of cells was weaker with the hydrophilic surface than with other surfaces, as determined using a trypsin‐based cell detachment assay. In addition, ATDC5 cells displayed enhanced proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. Our results suggest that the oriented HAp film formed using plate‐like particles provided chondrogenic cells with a desired scaffold as that of subchondral bone to increase cell proliferation and differentiation.
Anticancer effect of Limonin against benzo(a)pyrene‐induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice and the inhibition of A549 cell proliferation through apoptotic pathway
Authors: Gong Cuike , Qi Lei , Huo Yanxia , Zhang Shiran , Ning Xuecong , Bai Linlin , Wang Zhihua 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe main purpose of the current study is to reveal the anticancer action of limonin against benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P]‐treated lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice and A549 lung cancer cells. B(a)P was orally supplemented (50 mg/kg body weight) twice a week for four weeks induction of lung cancer in mice. The lung weight, body weight, incidence of tumor, lipid peroxidation, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, GPx, glutathione, glutathione reductase, catalase, and glutathione S‐transferase), serum marker enzymes (aryl hydroxylase, lactate dehydrogenase, 5′‐nucleotidases, and γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase), and inflammatory mediators (interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α) were estimated. Moreover, a histopathological study of lung tissues was supported by the biochemical analysis. Furthermore, the anticancer activity of limonin on A549 cells was measured by cell viability, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptotic morphological changes by AO/EtBr staining. Additionally, the status of apoptosis protein (caspase‐9 and ‐3) expressions was analyzed by the colorimetric analysis. B(a)P‐induced mice showed increased lipid peroxidation, CEA, serum marker enzymes and inflammatory cytokines levels with simultaneously decreased in the nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants levels. Limonin supplements significantly reverted back to all these changes in this manner, showing the efficiency of anticancer effect. Furthermore, our in vitro study also supported the anticancer effect of the treatment of limonin‐enhanced apoptosis by loss of cell viability, improved ROS production, apoptotic morphological changes, and apoptosis protein expression were analyzed. Overall, these results suggest the anticancer potential of limonin against B(a)P‐induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice and A549 lung cancer cells.
Effects of sodium hypochlorite as dentin deproteinizing agent and aging media on bond strength of two conventional adhesives
Authors: Nima Gabriel , Cavalli Vanessa , Bacelar‐Sá Renata , Ambrosano Gláucia M. B. , Giannini Marcelo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of 10% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as deproteinizing agent and storage media on bond strength (BS) of two etch‐and‐rinse adhesive systems to dentin. Twenty‐eight sound extracted human third molars were divided in four groups (n = 7), according to dentin treatment (conventional etching or etching followed by 10% NaOCl application) and adhesive systems (GB—Gluma 2Bond and OS—One‐Step). After dentin treatments and adhesive application, a composite block was built‐up on dentin surface and teeth were serially sectioned to obtain bonded sticks specimens. The sticks were submitted to three aging conditions: (24H) 24 hr in water (immediate), (SH) 3 hr of NaOCl accelerated‐aging or (1Y) 1 year of water storage. Afterward, submitted to microtensile bond strength test (μTBS), failure modes and adhesive interfaces analyzes. Data were analyzed by two‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α = .05). Dentin deproteinization before bonding significantly reduced μTBS for GB‐treated group (p < .05), regardless the aging conditions. Water storage for 1 year (1Y) and NaOCl accelerated‐aging (SH) decreased μTBS for both adhesives. Yet, the groups stored in NaOCl (SH) exhibited the lowest BS results (p < .05). Bond strength of deproteinized dentin was dependent on the adhesive system composition and NaOCl accelerated‐aging promoted decreased bond strength and further degradation than water storage for 1 year.
Synthesis of diverse (E)‐2‐((1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐2‐((benzyloxy)methyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐one O‐benzyl oxime derivatives as potent antileishmanial agents
Authors: Surwase Santosh M. , Mane Yogesh D. , Surwase Mahesh M. , Khade Bhimrao C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA series of (E)‐2‐((1H‐imidazol‐1‐yl)methyl)‐2‐((benzyloxy)methyl)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐one O‐benzyl oximes (6a‐j) were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro antileishmanial potency against Leishmania donovani (in promastigote and amastigote models). At a concentration of 05‐μg/mL, compounds 3a‐d, 4a‐d, 5a, 5b, 6a‐d, and 7a‐d exhibited 97% to 100% and 87% to 100% inhibition against promastigotes and amastigotes, respectively. Compounds 6a, 6d‐6j and 6a, 6i, 6j exhibited equal antileishmanial potency to that of SSG and Pentamidin at lower values of IC50.
The 10–30‐day oscillation of winter rainfall in southern China and its relationship with circulation patterns in different latitudes
Authors: Yao Suxiang , Tong Qiaoyu , Li Tim , Gong Kejian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntraseasonal oscillation (ISO) of winter rainfall in southern China and its relationship with the circulation patterns in different latitudes are investigated using ERA‐Interim reanalysis data and observations. The results show that the rainfall in southern China has obvious ISO characteristics, with a dominant period of 10–30 days. The convergence of the whole layer integral water vapour flux can satisfactorily represent the rainfall rate, and the intraseasonal (10–30‐day filtered) rainfall is converted into a function of different time scale wind and water vapour. At the intraseasonal time scale, rainfall (10–30‐day filtered) is determined by both the 10–30‐day wind and the background (greater than 30 days) moisture. Nine days before the peak day of the intraseasonal rainfall in southern China, there is an abnormal low‐pressure system (10–30‐day filtered) in the polar region (east to Novaya Zemlya), and the low‐pressure system gradually strengthens because of the intraseasonal relative vorticity advection at high levels. The intraseasonal relative vorticity advection guides the intraseasonal geopotential anomaly to move from the high latitude to the low latitude, and the low‐pressure system at the surface also moves southward. There is no intraseasonal precipitation until the low‐pressure system at the surface moves to the region near southern China, because there is little water vapour in northern China and ample water vapour in the south. After the occurrence of precipitation, the vorticity advection from the high latitude no longer affects the strength of the low‐pressure system, but the intraseasonal diabatic heating accompanied by precipitation causes a second drop in pressure from −3 days to −1 day and makes the low‐pressure system strongest here. In addition, the geopotential anomaly (10–30‐day filtered) in low latitudes moves eastward along the southern foothills of the Tibetan plateau, which can guide the low‐pressure system to move southward until it reaches southern China.
Bacterial communities in the solid, liquid, dorsal, and ventral epithelium fractions of yak (Bos grunniens) rumen
Authors: Ren Qingmiao , Si Huazhe , Yan Xiaoting , Liu Chang , Ding Luming , Long Ruijun , Li Zhipeng , Qiu Qiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractYak (Bos grunniens) is an important and dominant livestock species in the challenging environment of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau. Rumen microbiota of the solid, liquid, and epithelium fractions play key roles in nutrient metabolism and contribute to host adaptation in ruminants. However, there is a little knowledge of the microbiota in these rumen fractions of yak. Therefore, we collected samples of solid, liquid, dorsal, and ventral epithelium fractions from five female yaks, then amplified bacterial 16S rRNA gene V4 regions and sequenced them using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Principal coordinates analysis detected significant differences in bacterial communities between the liquid, solid, and epithelium fractions, and between dorsal and ventral epithelium fractions. Rikenellaceae RC9, the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, and Fibrobacter spp. were the abundant and enriched bacteria in solid fraction, while the genera Prevotella and Prevotellaceae UCG 003 were higher in the liquid fraction. Campylobacter spp., Comamonas spp., Desulfovibrio spp., and Solobacterium spp. were significantly higher in dorsal epithelium, while Howardella spp., Prevotellaceae UCG 001, Ruminococcaceae UCG 005, and Treponema 2 were enriched in the ventral epithelium. Comparison of predictive functional profiles among the solid, liquid, and dorsal, and ventral epithelium fractions also revealed significant differences. Microbiota in the ventral fraction of yak rumen also significantly differ from reported microbiota of cattle. In conclusion, our results improve our knowledge of the taxonomic composition and roles of yak rumen microbiota.
Broadband dielectric characterization of flexible substrates using organic conductive polymer microstrip lines
Authors: Hamouda Z. , Wojkiewicz J. L , Pud A. A. , Bergheul S. , Lasri T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe interest from both consumers and industry toward flexible and organic electronics has grown enormously due to the unique properties of the materials used (flexible, stretchable, reconfigurable, and not easily breakable). In radio frequency and electronic organic systems fabrication, one important feature is the substrate complex dielectric constant. Particularly, in the context of the development of printed organic electronics technology, one of the major challenges is the knowledge of the effect on substrates complex dielectric constant retrieval when using organic conductive materials instead of classical metals (gold, copper, etc). Indeed, the precision on the determination of this parameter depends also on the characteristics of the conductive material used for the characterization of the substrate. When looking to full polymer devices, it is important to evaluate the precision on the determination of the parameters of interest without using metallic structures for the tests. This paper presents the characterization of a substrate on which a conductive polymer, polyaniline (PANI) doped with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is deposited. The characterization technique is based on the well‐known 2 microstrip lines method. The microstrip lines, fabricated from PANI/MWCNTs, are processed on a substrate made of Kapton, which is a good candidate for flexible electronics. The extraction of the complex dielectric constant is made on the frequency range (1‐8 GHz).
Recent advances in computational 31P NMR: Part 1. Chemical shifts
Authors: Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis is the first part of two closely related reviews dealing with the computation of phosphorus‐31 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts in a wide series of organophosphorus compounds including complexes, clusters, and bioorganic phosphorus compounds. In particular, the analysis of the accuracy factors, such as substitution effects, solvent effects, vibrational corrections, and relativistic effects, is presented. This review is dedicated to the Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Professor Boris A. Trofimov in view of his invaluable contribution to the field of synthesis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and computation studies of organophosphorus compounds.
Fatty fish intake in mothers during pregnancy and in their children in relation to the development of obesity and overweight in childhood: The prospective ABIS study
Authors: Duchen Karel , Faresjö Åshild Olsen , Klingberg Sofia , Faresjö Tomas , Ludvigsson Johnny 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackgroundAlthough controversial, lower maternal intake of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) during pregnancy and lower levels of omega‐3 PUFA in serum phospholipids during childhood have been related to obesity. The main source of omega‐3 PUFA is fatty fish in the diet.ObjectivesTo assess the relationship between overweight/obesity and the intake of fatty fish in maternal diet during pregnancy and in children up to 8 years of age.MethodsThe prospective cohort All Children in South‐East Sweden (ABIS) followed babies from birth to 8 years of age. A total of 6749 children at 5 years of age (boys 52.6%) and 3017 children at 8 years (boys 52.3%) participated. A “fatty‐fish index” was constructed on the basis of self‐reports of nutritional habits.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in children at 5 years were 12.9% and 4.2%, respectively. At 8 years, 12.2% of the children presented overweight and 2.3% obesity. Girls were more affected than boys by overweight/obesity. A higher fish index during pregnancy was not related to overweight/obesity in the children, whereas a higher fish index in the children during the first years of life was related to obesity at 5 and 8 years of age. This relationship disappeared in a multivariable analysis. Maternal body mass index (BMI), maternal education, maternal smoking during pregnancy, birth weight, and physical activity all remained related to overweight/obesity at both 5 and 8 years of age.ConclusionNo relationships were found between a lower intake of fatty fish in the diet, neither in mothers during pregnancy nor in early childhood, and increased risk of overweight/obesity.