bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of tumour location and surgical extent on prognosis in T2 gallbladder cancer: an international multicentre study
Authors: Kwon W , Kim H , Han Y , Hwang Y J , Kim S G , Kwon H J , Vinuela E , Járufe N , Roa J C , Han I W , Heo J S , Choi S-H , Choi D W , Ahn K S , Kang K J , Lee W , Jeong C-Y , Hong S-C , Troncoso A T , Losada H M , Han S-S , Park S-J , Kim S-W , Yanagimoto H , Endo I , Kubota K , Wakai T , Ajiki T , Adsay N V , Jang J-Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
In gallbladder cancer, stage T2 is subdivided by tumour location into lesions on the peritoneal side (T2a) or hepatic side (T2b). For tumours on the peritoneal side (T2a), it has been suggested that liver resection may be omitted without compromising the prognosis. However, data to validate this argument are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of tumour location in T2 gallbladder cancer, and to clarify the adequate extent of surgical resection.

Methods
Clinical data from patients who underwent surgery for gallbladder cancer were collected from 14 hospitals in Korea, Japan, Chile and the USA. Survival and risk factor analyses were conducted.

Results
Data from 937 patients were available for evaluation. The overall 5-year disease-free survival rate was 70·6 per cent, 74·5 per cent for those with T2a and 65·5 per cent among those with T2b tumours (P = 0·028). Regarding liver resection, extended cholecystectomy was associated with a better 5-year disease-free survival rate than simple cholecystectomy (73·0 versus 61·5 per cent; P = 0·012). The 5-year disease-free survival rate was marginally better for extended than simple cholecystectomy in both T2a (76·5 versus 66·1 per cent; P = 0·094) and T2b (68·2 versus 56·2 per cent; P = 0·084) disease. Five-year disease-free survival rates were similar for extended cholecystectomies including liver wedge resection versus segment IVb/V segmentectomy (74·1 versus 71·5 per cent; P = 0·720). In multivariable analysis, independent risk factors for recurrence were presence of symptoms (hazard ratio (HR) 1·52; P = 0·002), R1 resection (HR 1·96; P = 0·004) and N1/N2 status (N1: HR 3·40, P &lt; 0·001; N2: HR 9·56, P &lt; 0·001). Among recurrences, 70·8 per cent were metastatic.

Conclusion
Tumour location was not an independent prognostic factor in T2 gallbladder cancer. Extended cholecystectomy was marginally superior to simple cholecystectomy. A radical operation should include liver resection and adequate node dissection.
Nonhydrolyzable Heptose Bis‐ and Monophosphate Analogues Modulate Pro‐inflammatory TIFA‐NF‐κB Signaling
Authors: Liang Lina , Wade Wei Tong‐You , Wu Pei‐Yu , Herrebout Wouter , Tsai Ming‐Daw , Vincent Stéphane P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstractd‐Glycero‐d‐manno‐heptose‐1β,7‐bisphosphate (HBP) and d‐glycero‐d‐manno‐heptose‐1β‐phosphate (H1P) are bacterial metabolites that were recently shown to stimulate inflammatory responses in host cells through the activation of the TIFA‐dependent NF‐κB pathway. To better understand structure‐based activity in relation to this process, a family of nonhydrolyzable phosphonate analogues of HBP and H1P was synthesized. The inflammation modulation by which these molecules induce the TIFA‐NF‐κB signal axis was evaluated in vivo at a low‐nanomolar concentration (6 nM) and compared to that of the natural metabolites. Our data showed that three phosphonate analogues had similar stimulatory activity to HBP, whereas two phosphonates antagonized HBP‐induced TIFA‐NF‐κB signaling. These results open new horizons for the design of pro‐inflammatory and innate immune modulators that could be used as vaccine adjuvant.
Two knots in an umbilical cord with seventy centimeter length: A case report
Authors: Haghighi Ladan , Jahanshahi Fatemeh , Dini Parisa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOur case was a newborn with two umbilical knots that delivered 39 weeks gastation and did not experience any developmental disruptions. The risk factors of fetus for true knot formation in the umbilical cord were gender and the umbilical cord size.
Systemic toxicity to betamethasone ointment
Authors: Aliyev Rahim , Finsterer Josef 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTopically applied betamethasone for actinic keratosis may trigger systemic side effects. Systemic side effects of topical betamethasone may completely resolve after discontinuation of the causative agent. A 59‐year‐old male patient with scalp actinic keratosis developed fatigue and the need to sleep shortly after starting topical betamethasone/diclofenac ointment. Additionally, he experienced vertigo, nausea, sleep disturbance, change in character and recognition, tiredness, visual impairment, and elevated blood pressure. Since all symptoms resolved completely within 48 hours after discontinuation of the ointment, they were attributed to glucocorticoids.
Properties and Alkaline Stability of Composite Anion Conducting Ionomers Based on Poly(phenylene oxide) Grafted with DABCO and Mg/Al Lamellar Double Hydroxide
Authors: Pasquini Luca , Becerra‐Arciniegas Raul‐Andres , Narducci Riccardo , Sgreccia Emanuela , Gressel Vincent , Di Vona Maria‐Luisa , Knauth Philippe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe studied composite anion exchange membranes made from poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (PPO) with grafted 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and Mg/Al lamellar double hydroxide particles as inorganic filler. The mechanical and conductivity properties were measured in fully humidified conditions. The activation energy for conductivity amounts to (0.20±0.01) eV. The degradation of the anion‐exchange membrane in 2 M NaOH at 60 °C was investigated during 168 h following the ionic conductivity, water uptake, and ion‐exchange capacity as function of the alkaline treatment time. The degradation is rapid within the first hours and then slows down. The degradation was also studied by thermogravimetric analysis and FTIR spectroscopy, showing the various decomposition phenomena of the composite.
Overseeding cover crops on corn and soybean response in upstate Missouri
Authors: Adler Renee L. , Nelson Kelly A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractField trials were conducted near Novelty, Missouri from the spring of 2016 to the fall of 2018. Main crops, corn (Zea mays) or soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr], were planted and rotated to the other crop the following year. Cover crop (CC) treatments were overseeded into the main crop at V5, V10, and VT in separate corn experiments and at R6 in soybean to determine the effect of overseeding CCs on main crop yield, CC biomass, weed biomass, and rotational crop yield. No yield differences were detected in corn or the subsequent soybean crop when corn was overseeded at V5 with a CC. Neither CC nor weed biomass was greater than the non‐treated control (NTC). Year by treatment interactions were present for CC biomass and subsequent soybean yield when corn was overseeded at V10. In 2017, CC biomass was 348 to 820 lb ac−1 greater than the NTC, but soybean yield was similar to the NTC in both years. Biomass of CCs overseeded into soybean at R6 was 2240 to 2950 lb ac−1 greater in 2017 than in 2018, and some CCs reduced weed biomass in 2017. Some cover crops reduced corn yield 29 to 57 bu ac−1 following overseeded soybean. Excluding wheat, CC treatments did not reduce main crop yield in 2018. Lesser CC biomass may reduce yield loss of rotational crop suggesting earlier springtime termination of CCs might prevent excessive biomass accumulation.
Simplified Synthesis of Biomass‐Derived Si/C Composites as Stable Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Majeed Muhammad K. , Saleem Adil , Wang Chunsheng , Song Chunhua , Yang Jian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSynthesis of silicon/carbon (Si/C) composites from biomass resources could enable the effective utilization of agricultural products in the battery industry with economical as well as environmental benefits. Herein, a simplified process was developed to synthesize Si/C from biomass, by using a low‐cost agricultural byproduct “rice husk (RH)” as a model. This process includes the calcination of RH for SiO2/C and the reduction of SiO2/C by Al in molten salts at a moderate temperature. This process does not need the removal of carbon before thermal reduction of SiO2, which is thought to be necessary to avoid the formation of SiC at elevated temperatures. Thus, carbon derived from biomass can be directly used for Si/C composites for anode materials. The resultant Si/C shows a high reversible capacity of 1309 mAh g−1 and long cycle life (300 cycles). This research advocates a new and simplified strategy for the synthesis of RH‐based biomass‐derived Si/C, which is beneficial for low‐cost, environmentally friendly, and green energy storage applications.
Importance of Methane Chemical Potential for Its Conversion to Methanol on Cu‐exchanged Mordenite
Authors: Zheng Jian , Lee Insu , Khramenkova Elena , Wang Meng , Peng Bo , Gutiérrez Oliver Y. , Fulton John L. , Camaioni Donald M. , Khare Rachit , Jentys Andreas , Haller Gary L. , Pidko Evgeny A. , Sanchez‐Sanchez Maricruz , Lercher Johannes A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the collaborative team of researchers from TU Munich, PNNL and TU Delft. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202000772.
An adaptive technique based blood glucose control in type‐1 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Belmon Anchana P. , Auxillia Jeraldin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study proposes Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA) based type 1 diabetes mellitus system utilizing the nonlinear Bergman minimal model with proportional integral derivative (PID) controller. GOA is the optimization algorithm, which is utilized for selecting the optimized tuning parameters of the PID controller also solves the nonlinear system parameter identification problem. The novelty of the proposed study is to stabilize the glucose level in blood for type 1 diabetic patients by infusion of insulin in reduced time with optimal quantity. Without any intervention to the normal activities of patients, the supply of insulin injection and glucose monitoring is performed automatically for type 1 diabetic patients using this controller. In between the measured variable and set point, the difference is calculated by the PID controller to evaluate an error values. In realistic patient oriented conditions, the control performance evaluation, control optimization, and advanced patient modelling should be highly concentrated during the research/analysis on blood glucose control. Evaluation is performed to analyze control performances and implementation is done on Simulink/MATLAB environment. The performance analysis of the type 1 diabetes mellitus system with GOA technique is also discussed and to improve the control performance, to optimize the controller parameters. The simulation results have proved the substantial improvement in the performance of proposed algorithm with the better results achieved than the other conventional controllers such as PSO‐PID and EHO‐PID.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell biology and its role in immune‐mediated diseases
Authors: Ye Yishan , Gaugler Béatrice , Mohty Mohamad , Malard Florent 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPlasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique subset of dendritic cells specialised in secreting high levels of type I interferons. pDCs play a crucial role in antiviral immunity and have been implicated in the initiation and development of many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. This review summarises the latest advances in recent years in several aspects of pDC biology, with special focus on pDC heterogeneity, pDC development via the lymphoid pathway, and newly identified proteins/pathways involved in pDC trafficking, nucleic acid sensing and interferon production. Finally, we also highlight the current understanding of pDC involvement in autoimmunity and alloreactivity, and opportunities for pDC‐targeting therapies in these diseases. These new insights have contributed to answers to several fundamental questions remaining in pDC biology and may pave the way to successful pDC‐targeting therapy in the future.
Parasite‐driven replacement of a sexual by a closely related asexual taxon in nature
Authors: Lohr Jennifer N. , Haag Christoph R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAsexual species are thought to suffer more from coevolving parasites than related sexuals. Yet a variety of studies do not find the patterns predicted by theory. Here, to shine light on this conundrum, we investigate one such case of an asexual advantage in the presence of parasites. We follow the frequency dynamics of sexual and asexual Daphnia pulex in a natural pond that was initially dominated by sexuals. Coinciding with an epidemic of a microsporidian parasite infecting both sexuals and asexuals, the pond was rapidly taken over by the initially rare asexuals. With experiments comparing multiple sexual and asexual clones from across the local metapopulation, we confirm that asexuals are less susceptible and also suffer less from the parasite once infected. These results are consistent with the parasite‐driven, ecological replacement of dominant sexuals by closely related, but more resistant asexuals, ultimately leading to the extinction of the formerly superior sexual competitor. Our study is one of the clearest examples from nature, backed up by experimental verification, showing a parasite‐mediated reversal of competition dynamics. The experiments show that, across the metapopulation, asexuals have an advantage in the presence of parasites. In this metapopulation, asexuals are relatively rare, likely due to their recent invasion. While we cannot rule out other reasons for the observed patterns, the results are consistent with a temporary parasite‐mediated advantage of asexuals due to the fact that they are rare, which is an underappreciated aspect of the Red Queen Hypothesis.
Transient transfer shape factor for fractured tight reservoirs: Effect of the dynamic threshold pressure gradient in unsteady flow
Authors: Liu Kai , Yin Daiyin , Su Haibo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn fractured tight reservoirs, the seepage capacity of the matrix is poor, and fluid migration mainly depends on matrix/fracture transfer. An accurate understanding of the matrix/fracture flow is the basis of well tests and numerical simulations for tight reservoirs. In this paper, the unsteady flow equation for tight reservoirs is deduced based on the boundary layer theory, which can reflect the effect of the dynamic threshold pressure gradient, and the theoretical flow equation is verified by seepage experiments. Based on the study of the flow equation, the approximate semi‐analytical solution of the matrix/fracture unsteady transfer shape factor and the transfer function for tight reservoirs are established considering the early stage of matrix/fracture transfer (pressure does not propagate to the matrix center) and the late stage of matrix/fracture transfer (pseudo‐steady state). The results show that the shape factor of the tight reservoir is mainly affected by three factors (minimum threshold pressure gradient, static boundary layer thickness, and sensitivity coefficient of the fluid boundary layer), and the theoretical curves show that the intermediate transfer enters the pseudo‐steady state when the dimensionless time reaches approximately 0.14. The higher the minimum threshold pressure gradient is, the larger the transfer shape factor. The larger the static boundary layer thickness is, the larger the transfer shape factor; additionally, the larger the sensitivity coefficient of the fluid boundary layer is, the faster the change rate of the shape factor. Finally, the transfer shape factor is applied to a well test interpretation. Examples prove that the fitting accuracy of the new curve type is improved by 34.2% compared with the curve type for the conventional well test interpretation method.
Investigation of the factors affecting the self‐propelled force in a multi‐orifice nozzle using a novel simulation method
Authors: Li Yumei , Zhang Tao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA multi‐orifice nozzle is the primary actuator of radial jet drilling for the stimulation of unconventional and low‐permeability reservoirs. This research developed a 3D flow field simulation model to investigate the self‐propelled force of a multi‐orifice nozzle based on ANSYS‐CFX. To evaluate the self‐propelled ability of the nozzle, investigation was performed on the effects of the angle, number, the diameter of the forward and backward orifices of the multi‐orifice nozzle, and the diameter of the micro‐hole in the radial well on its self‐propelled ability by sensitivity analysis. The results revealed that the self‐propelled force slightly increased with the angle of forward orifice increasing, and decreased with the angle of backward orifice increasing; and that the self‐propelled force had a tendency to decrease significantly with the number of forward orifices increasing, and increased slightly with the number of backward orifices increasing. The self‐propelled forces for different combinations of forward and backward orifices were obtained by the simulation method, which agreed well with those obtained by the calculation method, with an average accuracy of 95.82%. It was observed that the self‐propelled force increased substantially as the value of K (d2/d1) increased, but tended to slow down when the flow rate was within a certain range. Besides, with the increase in the diameter of the micro‐hole, the self‐propelled force reduced, and increased substantially as the inlet flow rate increased, but tended to slow down as the inlet flow rate further increased. Thus, to ensure the self‐propelled ability of the jet nozzle, a set of optimal structural parameters can be used to generate the target self‐propelled ability. The research improves the working performance of multi‐orifice nozzles and provides theoretical guidance for hydraulic radial jet drilling process.
Hospital Evacuation Planning Tool for Assistance Devices (HEPTAD)
Authors: Joyce Michael S. , Lawrence Peter J. , Galea Edwin R. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryA new software tool, called HEPTAD (Hospital Evacuation Planning Tool for Assistance Devices), designed to aid evacuation planning in hospitals is described and demonstrated in this article. The software can identify regions within a hospital geometry that are inappropriate for patients who require the use of specific movement assistance devices in the event of an emergency evacuation. Using the software, Hospital Emergency Coordinators can reduce the risk of allocating a bed to a patient from which they cannot be evacuated within a safe time. In addition, HEPTAD is designed to be a proof of concept for algorithms that will later be incorporated within the EXODUS egress model. HEPTAD utilises several techniques from autonomous robotics to generate the fastest viable egress route for movement assistance devices from every location in the geometry while considering device spatial constraints (size and shape) and kinematic constraints (maximum speeds, turning radius and holonomicity). It then uses the egress time of this route along with factors from space syntax (isovist and spaciousness) to analyse the emergency vulnerability of every location within the geometry.
Retracing the Evolution of Thinking Ethically About Student Data
Authors: Prinsloo Paul , Slade Sharon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs institutions of higher education increasingly look to data as evidence to support planning, allocate resources, and inform teaching and pedagogy, ethical considerations regarding learning analytics have evolved from being on the margins to more central in the conversations surrounding institutional uses of student data. After outlining this evolution, we provide pointers for researching and institutionalizing ethical approaches to the use of student data.
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in murine macrophages
Authors: Luo Xiao‐Qin , Duan Jia‐Xi , Yang Hui‐Hui , Zhang Chen‐Yu , Sun Chen‐Chen , Guan Xin‐Xin , Xiong Jian‐Bing , Zu Cheng , Tao Jia‐Hao , Zhou Yong , Guan Cha‐Xiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEpoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) derived from arachidonic acid exert anti‐inflammation effects. We have reported that blocking the degradation of EETs with a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor protects mice from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). The underlying mechanisms remain essential questions. In this study, we investigated the effects of EETs on the activation of nucleotide‐binding domain leucine‐rich repeat‐containing receptor, pyrin domain‐containing‐3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in murine macrophages. In an LPS‐induced ALI murine model, we found that sEH inhibitor 1‐trifluoromethoxyphenyl‐3‐(1‐propionylpiperidin‐4‐yl), TPPU, profoundly attenuated the pathological injury and inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, characterized by the reduction of the protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, pro‐caspase‐1, interleukin precursor (pro‐IL‐1β), and IL‐1β p17 in the lungs of LPS‐treated mice. In vitro, primary peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 were primed with LPS and activated with exogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP). TPPU treatment remarkably reduced the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome‐related molecules and blocked the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Importantly, four EETs (5,6‐EET, 8,9‐EET, 11,12‐EET, and 14,15‐EET) inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome induced by LPS + ATP or LPS + nigericin in macrophages in various degree. While the inhibitory effect of 5,6‐EET was the weakest. Mechanismly, EETs profoundly decreased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restored the calcium overload in macrophages receiving LPS + ATP stimulation. In conclusion, this study suggests that EETs inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by suppressing calcium overload and ROS production in macrophages, contributing to the therapeutic potency to ALI.
Indirect dating of an olive tree planting event using luminescence of the sediments lying beneath the roots of the tree: a pilot study in the south‐western part of Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Şahiner Eren , Polymeris Georgios S. , Atlihan M. Altay , Aktürk Selcuk , Meriç Niyazi 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study is to attempt assessing the age of a monumental olive tree located between the Antique Cities of Militus (Didim‐Aydın region) and Iasos (Milas‐Muğla region). Wood from the trunk of an olive tree is not appropriate for conventional dating approaches such as dendrochronology or14C. The sediments closely located surrounding and beneath the roots of the olive tree are considered indicative of the age of the planting event; therefore these sediments were dated using both quartz and feldspar luminescence signal protocols. Methodological aspects including the preheating plateaus, equivalent dose statistical approaches and dose rate using gamma spectrometry are also discussed, as dating of the associated palaeochannel sediments of the area are presented for the first time in the dating literature. The optically stimulated luminescence and/or infrared stimulated luminescence ages are extrapolated to date the event of the tree planting; it is the first time in the literature that an age is reported for an olive tree in the eastern Mediterranean region. The present study stands as the first experimental evidence that olive trees have been cultivated in the area since the Iron Age.