bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renovation as a catalyst for social and environmental value creation: Towards holistic strategies for sustainable housing transformation
Authors: Jensen S. R. , Entwistle J. M. , Hansen H. T. R. , Strange A. , Kirkegaard P. H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Renovation of the existing building mass represents an important potential for energy savings in the building sector. In Denmark, this is especially relevant within the domain of social housing. Energy motivated renovations are, however, only a long-term sustainable solution if they also support the wellbeing of the residents. Failure to do so may result in homes lying idle and in need of re-renovation or demolition. On the positive side, focusing on potentials for catalyzing social value creation as part of a holistic approach to sustainability may help justify more costly energy renovation measures. The paper presents a tentative framework for articulating the relationships between material transformations and their joint environmental and social impact. The framework is based on a literature review and a synthesis of effect studies of social value creation in multifamily housing renovation. As part of the concluding perspectives, the paper discusses potentials for further development of the tentative framework into a support tool for use in early design processes, as well as potentials for visualizing financial benefits associated with the social value creation.
Assessment of the environmental impact of timber and its potential to mitigate embodied GHG emissions
Authors: Lukić I , Premrov M , Leskovar Ž V , Passer A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Currently, the world is undergoing the biggest wave of urban growth in history. To accommodate this unprecedented growth, adding more than 230 billion m2 of new floor area to the global building stock by 2060 is expected. As embodied emissions are responsible for 11% of annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally, an increase in embodied emissions from new construction will put tremendous additional pressure on the natural environment. To investigate the environmental impact of timber and potential of mitigating the increase in embodied GHG emissions from new residential constructions, a life cycle assessment (LCA) is performed for the production stage of three low-energy modular buildings. The results suggested that by substituting reinforced concrete (RC) and masonry (M) with cross-laminated timber (CLT) in the building structure, 14.62% and 12.94% of emissions could be avoided on a building level, respectively. However, the substitution leads to a significant increase in land use impact. In order to get a sense of mitigation potential on the larger scale, the mitigation potential of embodied GHG emissions is investigated for an expected residential building stock new floor area growth predictions depending on the regional residential building structural material choice in the world key regions for periods from 2017 to 2060. Under the assumptions made, the preliminary results suggest that by 2060 a certain amount of emissions could be avoided if conventional structural materials were substituted with CLT, however, emissions from new floor area additions are still substantial. Moreover, global GHG mitigation potential raises new concerns and questions that need to be further investigated. In addition, the importance of considering the land use impact in the LCA studies of bio-based construction materials is highlighted.
The social dimension of barrier effects of transport infrastructure
Authors: Eldijk J Van , Gil J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Motorways and railways increase regional accessibility but can at the same time reduce local accessibility by creating barriers in pedestrian and bicycle networks. This can influence several SDGs, such as SDG 5 (gender equality), 10 (reduced inequalities), and 11 (sustainable cities and communities). This paper presents some first principles of how quantitative indicators of direct barrier effects can be adapted in order to address specific social groups. To demonstrate this, the indicator ‘Choice’, from a set of four indicators previously developed, was adapted to assess accessibility by children to parks, and waterside and leisure facilities. The indicator was applied to a case in Gothenburg, Sweden, where a GIS-based analysis measured changes in barrier effects brought about by hypothetically placing an existing motorway and railway in tunnels. The results demonstrate how such local accessibility indicators can be adapted to make them relevant for impact assessments of infrastructure projects, and thus enable the measurement of compliance with social sustainability targets in transportation infrastructure planning.
Sustainable buildings need sustainable design processes: the case of the Woodside Building for Technology and Design, the first University building in Australia to aim for the Passivhaus certification
Authors: Sangiorgio A , Brambilla A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Energy performance certificates (EPCs) 3re conventionally employed to certify the design according to different indicators. However, they 3re often used to evaluate the design outcomes, overlooking their potential as decision-making tools during the design process Among those, Passivhaus is currently being debated in Australia. Currently, there are only less than 30 certified cases, and all of them 3re residential buildings. Thus, the question about its suitability for commercial cases in the Australian context is still open. This paper contributes to the discussion, analysing the case study of the Woodside Building for Technolog>f and Design in Melbourne. the first University Buildmg to aim for the Passivhaus certification. The paper quantifies the impacts of the Passivhaus criteria on the facade design, benchmarking the energy demand agamst the 2016 Building Cede of Australia (BCA-2016) deemed to satisfy (DTS) design approach. Results show that the approach adopted in this C3se studs- leads to much better environmental performance when compared to the minimum performance required by the Australian standard DTS design approach. This building sets a nesv sustainability target in the Australian design culture, showing that it is necessary to change the way buildings are designed, toward a more sustainable and integrated design process.
Using data-driven models to estimate the energy use of buildings based on a building stock model
Authors: Verellen Evelien , Allacker Karen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to increase the renovation rate in Belgium, an approach is needed to refurbish clusters of buildings rather than individual buildings. To allow for a meaningful clustering of buildings, the energy performance of the existing buildings should be known. Nowadays all energy related data at building level in Belgium are confidential and cannot be shared with municipalities, private institutions or researchers. Crucial information regarding the energy use of the existing buildings is hence lacking to allow for such clustering. Using different machine learning techniques, i.e. decision trees, random forest models and k-NN models, these missing energy data for the buildings of the city of Leuven are predicted.
Neuron – Digital console innovative by Arup
Authors: Chan Felix , Lam Tony 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
At the age of digital era, supervised / unsupervised machine learning, sharp data analysis and neuron network are some of many ways to formulate optimization problems with millions or billions of variables. Classical building system and environmental optimization algorithms are not designed to scale to instances of this size; new approaches are needed.
The Digital Platform developed by Arup – Neuron is an innovative console which embodies 5G, IoT, Big Data, Cloud Computing and AI technology for smart building with advanced data analytic capabilities. It can fully integrate with the existing Building Management System as well as various data sources generated from the IoT sensors, enabling prompt and adaptive response to dynamic environment, serving as a foundation for buildings to consolidate and connect data from disparate equipment and devices to provide customised insight and machine learning models for built environmental management and improvement, new building design, operation and asset management, energy monitoring and optimisation.
One significant success achieved with our integrated digital platform is that it has been adopted by multiple clients in the East Asia region in managing their building. With full implementation and other appropriate energy saving and/or retro-commissioning practices, Neuron is expected to save up to 30% total HVAC energy consumption for a typical existing commercial building. Apart from energy saving, Neuron also focuses on creating a better indoor environment, which could significantly improve employees’ productivity.
Neuron, as a smart building console, is set to have a momentous impact on Hong Kong, not only for a better built environment, but also a game changer for the East Asia region to excel in the era of digital economy. This paper elaborates how Neuron could help in digital transformation of new and existing buildings in the new era. The challenges and experiences of projects will also be discussed.Start your abstract here…
Towards wind modelling for sustainable building/urban design
Authors: Pietrzyk Krystyna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In view of climate change and resource depletion the analysis of wind impact on built environment could be used for conscious building/urban design protecting humans against high winds but also taking advantage of wind forces in terms of ventilation of spaces or production of wind-driven energy. There is a strong need of developing the modelling technology that would enable predictive studies in this field. Climate change mitigation and adaptation became the point of departure to introduce the notions of risk/chance analysis that could help to examine the architectural/urban design from the holistic perspective. The need of addressing different parts of wind velocity spectrum is acknowledged. The steps forming the process of design for sustainable wind environment are listed. Both the necessary test activities, and the simulation ones, as well as, the ones leading to the application of risk/chance assessment are discussed. Wind thresholds referring to different aspects, levels and scales of studies should be examined. They constitute the boundary of the uncertain set of expected acceptable solutions. In some cases, probabilistic model of thresholds could be considered. Joint project within the Digital Twin Cities Centre (DTCC) at Chalmers is referenced, where the newly established Vinnova Centre of Competence could offer the platform for the development of new modelling technology.
Energy inequality as a risk in socio-technical energy transitions: The Swedish case of individual metering and billing of energy for heating
Authors: Platten J von , Mangold M , Mjörnell K 
Published: November 2020

AbstractImproved energy efficiency in the housing stock is an important undertaking in the energy transition but is associated with both opportunities and risks. While there are possibilities to reduce energy inequalities in the housing stock, inequalities also risk being aggravated as actions for energy efficiency usually aim at the least energy efficient—and thus sometimes the least privileged—parts of the housing stock. In this paper, we use two different energy performance metrics (kWh/m2and kWh/capita) to investigate the energy inequality in the Swedish multifamily building stock and explore the effects of these inequalities in the energy transition. More specifically, we investigate the implementation of individual metering and billing of energy for heating, which was recently implemented in the least energy efficient part of the housing stock. It was found that low-income households were overrepresented in the affected buildings. The consequence of this implementation is thus that the strongest protection against energy poverty in Sweden (collective billing for heating) is removed in a part of the housing stock where two of the predictors for energy poverty—low income and low energy performance—are overrepresented. It was concluded that acknowledging inequalities is crucial to avoid risks associated with the energy transition.
Barriers and drivers to the uptake of innovative, affordable, and zero-energy dwellings in Belgium and Ireland
Authors: Souaid C , Van Der Heijden H M H , Elsinga M G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Despite efforts to promote and accelerate the adoption of innovative, affordable, and zero-energy dwelling solutions, the number of dwellings complying with standards such as the EPBD remains relatively low as we reach year 2020. Studies have already explored potential challenges and opportunities to the uptake of such designs. However, despite previous findings and recommendations, the market’s response remains slow. Building on existing knowledge and as part of the Housing 4.0 Energy project, this study investigates current financial, cultural, legislative and technical barriers and drivers to the implementation and uptake of small, innovative, affordable, zero-energy dwellings in small towns in Belgium and Ireland. Focus groups gathering housing providers, decision makers, stakeholders, and contractors were conducted in Leuven and Kilkenny. Outcomes revealed that participants’ general perceptions around barriers and drivers are similar between the two countries and are validated by previous research findings. However, a closer look at context specific barriers reveals considerable differences. The identification of these contextual differences enables a better apprehension of the current situation in every location leading to the formulation of context specific recommendations and a better allocation of precedence. Thus, this paper demonstrates the importance of context specific investigations not only in the identification of challenges to energy efficiency innovations but also in establishing more effective implementations.
More than a thought experiment -- conceptualizing and implementing an Urban Living Lab
Authors: Klautzer Lisa , Hong Seo Yeon , Narayan Rumy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the context of growing urbanization,1 cities are focal points of social interactions. Embedded in bi-directional feedback loops with wider regional environments and the global ecosystem, cities present, simultaneously, ideal reference points and vital arenas for generating debates about and testing pathways toward emerging sustainable models of livability and a redefined prosperity. The latter no longer limited to mainstream economic definitions but encompassing a more holistic societal prosperity, nurtured by shared experiences, enhanced knowledge generation and exchange, eclectic encounters and ample space for creative expression. The paper presents the conceptual development of an Urban Living Lab (ULL). It employs existing literature on ULL to enable a basic frame of reference, draws on the concept of contextual logic and a philosophical understanding of flow to inform processes for rolling out such a multi-stakeholder engagement experiment. The paper attempts to conceptualize an approach that employs community participation to define contours of a socially inclusive and livable society. This approach aims at empowering networks for transitioning towards such a society within a specific context.
Public Health and Sustainable Development: training future generations in a developing country
Authors: Salazar-Ceballos A , Alvarez-Miño L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals in the Colombian Caribbean Region is a priority, specifically in the city of Santa Marta, because in this city are several factors involved in public health problems known as Social Determinants of Health: the city has lack of vegetation and high population density which can be a conditioning factor for the progressive increase in temperature and for heat index; and power outages are common. Therefore, in this paper is presented the curricular design of the course “Public Health and Sustainable Development” offered at Universidad del Magdalena. This course covered three topics in its order: 1) the relationship between sustainability and health; 2) the knowledge about SDGs and their global agenda; 3) and ways for increase healthy life and sustainable development in context. With these three topics the SDGs analyzed were: #3 Good health and well-being #4 Quality education, #6 Clean water and sanitation, #7 Affordable and clean energy, #11 Sustainable cities and communities, and #13 Climate action. The evaluation was based on rubrics, the students presented oral workshops and group written reports, and a final report that addressed the relationship between health and public and SDG. It can be concluded that the students achieved a first level of knowledge in the relationship between public health and the SDGs. This work identified that there are three main environmental problems of the city of Santa Marta: the public supply of drinking water for human consumption, continuous increase of high temperatures, and lack of vegetation. In this way, new buildings must generate an impact on public health, guaranteeing a healthy urban environment. In Santa Marta, the University must have a central role as an integrating axis, promoting healthy and sustainable behavior in society; and based in this work there are elements for a climate emergency declaration in Universidad del Magdalena.
The challenge of integrating Life Cycle Assessment in the building design process – a systematic literature review of BIM-LCA workflows
Authors: Obrecht Tajda Potrč , Röck Martin , Hoxha Endrit , Passer Alexander 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo foster sustainable development in construction sectors, environmental impacts need to be reduced dramatically. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique is the most firmly established methodology used to quantify these environmental impacts and, therefore, has been applied with increasing frequency to assess the environmental performance of buildings. To effectively improve a building’s environmental performance, an integration of LCA in the design process is required. This can be achieved by coupling LCA with digital design tools, e.g., Building Information Modelling (BIM). To identify the pro and cons of streamlining the integration of LCA and BIM, a comprehensive Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was performed. We identified more than 50 relevant BIM-LCA case studies and analyzed the applied BIM-LCA workflows in detail. In most of the studies reviewed, the LCA has been applied in an early design stage. The authors primarily used LCA tools and manual or semi-automatic methods to exchange data between BIM models. In most cases, contemporary BIM-LCA workflows utilized conventional spreadsheets (e.g., Excel worksheets). However, the results of the analysis show that an automated link between LCA and BIM can be achieved if certain challenges are overcome. By automating exchange of information between BIM and LCA tools and improving the reliability of this process, the LCA application can be streamlined in design practice and, hence, the necessary improvements of the environmental performance of buildings can be supported.
The influence of life cycle inventory approaches on the choice of structural systems to reduce the embodied greenhouse gas emissions of tall buildings
Authors: Helal J , Stephan A , Crawford R H 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The construction of tall buildings generates a high spatial and temporal concentration of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Research has shown that as building height increases, more resources per floor area are required to withstand the increasing effects of wind and earthquake loads. This has major implications for the environmental performance of tall buildings since the embodied GHG emissions (EGHGE) of structural systems tend to represent the greatest portion of the life cycle GHG emissions of tall buildings. In mitigating the effects of climate change, life cycle assessment (LCA) has been proposed as an early stage design tool to facilitate the choice of structural systems for tall buildings. However, international standards on LCA do not specify which of the three main life cycle inventory (LCI) approaches to use - process analysis, environmentally-extended input-output analysis or hybrid analysis. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the influence of LCI approaches on the choice of structural systems for tall buildings to minimise their embodied GHG emissions.
The effects of LCI approaches on the choice of structural systems for tall buildings are evaluated using 10 tall buildings, ranging in height from 10 to 50 storeys, parametrically designed using finite element modelling. Two alternative structural systems are proposed and various LCI approaches are used to compare their EGHGE. The paper demonstrates that varying the LCI approach can significantly influence the values of EGHGE of structural systems for tall buildings by up to 116%. Notably, the paper demonstrates that, in minimising EGHGE, the adopted LCI approach can influence the choice of structural systems for tall buildings. The findings of this study confirm the need for clarity, transparency and comprehensiveness in the use of LCI approaches for comparative LCA studies, particularly in the structural design of tall buildings.
Dynamic and consequential LCA aspects in multi-objective optimisation for NZEB design
Authors: Frossard M , Schalbart P , Peuportier B 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Multi-objective optimisation coupled with building energy simulation (BES) and life cycle assessment (LCA) models is a promising method to eco-design net-zero energy buildings (NZEBs) in line with sustainable objectives such as UN SDG’s goals 7, 11, 12 and 13. This paper presents a method of building multi-objective optimisation based on NSGA-II coupled with the BES model COMFIE and the building LCA tool EQUER to identify NZEB designs that minimise construction costs and GHG emissions. A dynamic electricity mix model was implemented in LCA to evaluate more precisely time-related impacts of heating and solar photovoltaic production. Three different LCA approaches defining the multi-objective optimisation problem were compared: static LCA (considering an average annual electricity mix), dynamic attributionnal LCA (average hourly mix) and dynamic consequential LCA (marginal hourly mix). Results show minor differences in optimums quality between static and dynamic attributionnal approaches but important differences in optimums design parameters between attributionnal and consequential approaches. The influence of the LCA approach on multi-objective optimisation results emphasises the need to specify guidelines for practitioners about the choice of the LCA approach.