bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful Aging in the North: Lessons Learned, Lessons Shared, and Advice From Those Aging in a Good Way in Alaska
Authors: Lewis Jordan , Kim Steffi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This presentation presents and builds upon the Alaska Native Successful Aging model. Elders’ conceptions of successful aging differ from the Western model, how rural and urban environments influence successful aging, and the lessons Elders pass down to ensure a healthy lifestyle are not common in the literature. 42 Alaska Native Elders from the Norton-Sound sub region of Alaska, 21 Alaska Native Elders from the Aleutian Pribilof Islands, 26 Elders from the Bristol Bay region, and 12 Elders residing in Anchorage, AK to provide an urban context of successful aging. A community-based, exploratory, qualitative research methodology was used to allow for co-learning between research team and tribal communities. 101 qualitative interviews were conducted, and team-based thematic analysis was used to establish codes and main themes to expand the Alaska Native Successful Aging model. We learned that emotional well-being, community engagement, spirituality, family and purposeful engagement, and physical health were instrumental in promoting successful aging within Norton Sound and Bristol Bay. These findings expanded Lewis’s model to include gerotranscendence and generativity; Elders intentional relationships and stronger connections to traditional cultural and spiritual activities gave life deeper meaning and value. These findings argue the importance of including and emphasizing social components, historical perspective, and the importance of place, as well as generativity and gerotranscendence in program and policy development.
Transportation Barrier in Rural Older Adults’ Use of Pain Management and Palliative Care: Systematic Review
Authors: Suntai Zainab , Won Chorong , Noh Hyunjin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Pain and symptom management is critical in ensuring quality of life for chronically or seriously ill older adults. However, while pain management and palliative care have steadily expanded in recent years, many underserved populations, such as rural older adults, experience barriers in accessing such specialty services, particularly due to transportation issues. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the specific types of transportation-related barriers experienced by rural older adults in accessing pain and palliative care. Studies were searched through the following 10 databases: Abstracts in Social Gerontology, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SocINDEX with Full Text, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Nursing & Allied Health Database, Sociological Abstracts, and PubMED. Studies were chosen for initial review if they were written in English, full-text, included older adults in sample, and examined pain/palliative care/hospice, rural areas, and transportation. A total of 174 abstracts were initially screened, 15 articles received full-text reviews and eight met the inclusion criteria. Findings of the eight studies identified transportation-related issues as major access barrier to pain and palliative care among rural older adults: specifically, lack of public transportation; lack of special needs/wheelchair accessible vehicles; lack of reliable drivers; high cost of transportation services; poor road conditions; and remoteness to the closest pain and palliative care service providers. Results suggest that rural older adults have unique transportation needs due to the urban-centric location of pain and palliative care services. Implications for practice, policy and research with older adults are discussed.
What’s Age Have to Do With Comfortableness in Seeking and Providing Social Support After a Disaster?
Authors: Phillips Judith Robertson , Jimenez Edith 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Disasters are associated with loss of property and loss of psychological well-being. Receiving various types of social support, such as emotional or tangible support, from various sources, such as family or friends, have been found to reduce the adverse impact of a disaster on affected adult community residents. It is not well studied, though, why some adults will not seek or provide support after a disaster while other adults will. The purpose of this study was to explore how age might play a role in how comfortable adults were in seeking social support from others and how age might play a role in how comfortable adults were in providing social support to others after a disaster, the 2014 San Diego County, CA wildfires. One hundred and twenty-two community residents (18 to 80 years) were recruited with 33 adults identified as Secondary Disaster Survivors and 89 adults identified as Non-Victims. Analyses revealed that age did play a role in Secondary Survivors’ comfortableness in seeking support from others; Older Adults (50-80) were significantly less likely than Middle-aged Adults (30-49) to feel comfortable in seeking support. There was no significant comfortableness difference between Middle-aged and Younger Adults (18-29) in seeking support. There were no age group differences in comfortableness in providing support to others for Secondary Survivors and Non-Victims. Implications from this data suggest that local disaster organizations should actively support affected older adults post-disaster while also including unaffected adults of all ages in the process of providing support to those in need.
Elder Family Financial Exploitation: The Complexity of Roles and Family Context
Authors: Chan Athena Chung Yin , Stum Marlene 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Despite elder family financial exploitation (EFFE) being recognized as the most prevalent type of elder abuse, little is known about the family context in which it occurs. To-date most EFFE research has focused on understanding the profiles of one victim and one perpetrator in reported cases. Informed by Family Systems Theory, this study offers new insight into the range and complexity of EFFE victim and perpetrator roles, family structures (relationship types across generations) and living arrangements. A mixed-methods dataset from a sample of non-perpetrator/non-victim concerned family members who experienced EFFE (most unreported to authorities) was utilized to map and analyze 23 family system genograms. The findings reflect four overall profiles when organized by the number of victim(s) and perpetrator(s) in each involved family system including: Single victim, single perpetrator (n=7), Single victim, multiple perpetrators (n=12), Two victims, single perpetrator (n=1), and Two victims, multiple perpetrators (n=3). Across the 4 profiles, most primary perpetrators moved in to live with the elder victims. For Single victim, single perpetrator cases, remarried spouses, as well as parent/adult child relationships in nuclear families with 2-3 adult children emerged. For Single victim, multiple perpetrators, up to five family perpetrators from 3 different nuclear families were involved, including adult children, their in-laws, and grandchildren as a common combination of perpetrators. The findings suggest EFFE is more complex than often assumed, involving multiple perpetrators and victims, and family relationship types beyond older parent/adult child. Implications for reframing risk profiles, assessment tools, and family-focused intervention strategies are discussed.
Fostering an Understanding of Interprofessional Approaches to Geriatrics
Authors: Faul Anna , Yankeelov Pamela , Cotton Sam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Serving older adults with multiple chronic conditions and variable social, emotional, or physical support effectively within the primary care setting requires an interdisciplinary approach to care, together with the integration of novel approaches to care coordination (Dorr et al, 2006). The purpose of this study is to examine the use of interprofessional learning models to educate a healthcare workforce that meets the needs of older adults by integrating geriatrics with primary care, maximizing patient engagement, and transforming the healthcare system. Specifically, the targeted learners for this curriculum were from a healthcare system in Belize that had no previous specialty training in interprofessional geriatrics care. The 4-day training took place in Belize with an interprofessional group of healthcare professionals that included social work, nursing and medicine. 100 learners participated in the trainings and including participants from social work, nursing and medicine. To evaluate the program, Kirkpatrick’s Training Evaluation Model (Kirkpatrick & Kirkpatrick, 2005) was used to determine if learners were satisfied with the content (reaction), skilled (knowledge & skill) and confident in their abilities to utilize the curriculum (application of knowledge & skills). Analysis showed that learners, irrespective of discipline, were satisfied with the program. All disciplines experienced significant differences in their self-efficacy with working on interdisciplinary teams from pre to post assessments. Specifically, there was an increase in learner’s confidence related to learning to work together cooperatively with other professions and how to communicate effectively with other members of an interprofessional team. Implications for future interprofessional curriculum will be discussed.
Understanding Elderspeak: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis
Authors: Shaw Clarissa , Gordon Jean , Williams Kristine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Elderspeak is an inappropriate simplified speech register that sounds like baby talk and is commonly used with older adults, especially in health care settings. Understanding the concept of elderspeak is challenging due to varying views about which communicative components constitute elderspeak and whether elderspeak is beneficial or harmful for older adults. Rodger’s evolutionary concept analysis method was used to evaluate the concept of elderspeak by identifying its attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A systematic search using the PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Embase databases was completed, resulting in the review of 83 articles. Elderspeak characteristics were categorized by semantic, syntactic, pragmatic, paralinguistic, and nonverbal attributes. The primary antecedent to elderspeak is ageism in which old age cues and signs of functional or cognitive impairment lead to simplified communication from a younger caregiver. Research studies vary in reporting whether elderspeak facilitates or interferes with comprehension by older adults, in part depending on operational definitions and experimental manipulation. Overall, exaggerated prosody, a key feature of elderspeak, is found to reduce comprehension. Elderspeak is generally perceived as patronizing by older adults and speakers are perceived as less respectful. In persons living with dementia, elderspeak also increases the probability of resistiveness to care which is an important correlate of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Based on this concept analysis, recommendations for consistent operationalization of elderspeak in future research are made. A new definition of elderspeak is proposed, in which attributes that have been found to enhance comprehension are differentiated from from those that do not.
What Factors Influence the Perception of Longevity?
Authors: Barker Camela , Lerebours Laura , Gary Benjamin , Harper Olivia , Dixon Devyn , Brown Tyson , Thorpe Roland , Whitfield Keith 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Previous research has highlighted the link between health-related factors and longevity. In particular, indices such as poor cardiovascular reactivity, high BMI, stress, and respiratory functioning have been shown to increase risk of mortality. However, little is known about identifying specific health and psychosocial behaviors that compromise the perception of longevity in African Americans. The Study of Longevity and Stress in African Americans (SOLSAA) was designed to examine psychosocial and health factors that are characteristic of survivorship in African Americans families. Data from 570 participants in the SOLSAA were used to examine the relationship between psychosocial and health-related factors among individuals aged 50 to 99 years (M = 67.6, SD = 11.5). Perception of longevity was positively correlated with sex, r = .058, education, r = .021, diastolic blood pressure r = .067, respiratory functioning, r = .150 and body mass index, r = .027, but negatively correlated with age, r = -.205, systolic blood pressure, r = -.050, and perceived stress, r = -.106. Regression analyses revealed, not surprisingly, that as participants aged, perception of longevity decreased. Furthermore, women’s perception of longevity was greater than that of men even after controlling for age. Given the longer life expectancy for women, this was also expected. Interestingly, high levels of perceived stress predicted reduced perception of longevity. These preliminary results suggest that the perception of stress is an important psychosocial factor for older African American’s self-forecasting of their chances for longevity beyond just simply age or physical health status.
Love in the Shadow of Oblivion: The Meaning Given to Love in Couples Living With Alzheimer’s Disease, From a Family View
Authors: Shavit Orit , Ben-Ze’ev Aaron , Doron Israel (Issi) 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aims and objectives: To deeply understand the significance of love between spouses who live with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in a familial aspect. Background: While there is extensive empirical knowledge on the subject of AD, as well as about love, little is known about love in old age, and even less is known about love between spouses who live with AD. This study is a pioneering study that describes love and relationship with AD. Design: A phenomenological qualitative research, which enables a close examination of the experience that accompanies the couple and their adult children from a family perspective that has not yet been examined. It belongs to the stream of Social Constructivism whereby the purpose of interviewing more than one family member was used to capture the process by which family members construct their identity as individuals and as a family unit. Methods: Forty-five in-depth interviews were conducted with n = 15 triads including the couple and their adult child, based on Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results: Three central themes emerged: (1) The meaning of AD, (2) Continuity and discontinuity of love prior and with AD, (3) The meaning of love in coupled living with AD. Conclusions: Commitment with AD is a moral-ethical obligation, and not necessarily because of love, due to the increasing price of separation. Future research is discussed. Key words: Alzheimer’s disease, Love, Relationship, Meaning, couples
Dementia Caregiving and Cognition: An Extension of the Stress Process Model
Authors: Falzarano Francesca , Siedlecki Karen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As cases of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) continue to rise, informal caregivers are critical resources in providing dementia care, yet caregiving is associated with high levels of burden, stress, anxiety and depression. Caregiving can be a prolonged and stressful experience, and impaired cognitive functioning in caregivers could impact their own health and quality of life and compromise the quality of care provided to their care-recipient. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to use the Stress Process Model as a guiding theoretical framework to identify whether primary stressors (e.g., care recipient functional status, cognitive problems) or secondary stressors (e.g., loss of self, economic conflict) predict performance across seven domains of cognition in 50 primary ADRD caregivers. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine which primary and secondary stressors emerge as predictors of cognitive performance. Results indicated that primary stressors (e.g., problematic dementia behaviors and relational deprivation) significantly predicted working memory performance and secondary stressors (e.g., economic strain, loss of self) significantly predicted implicit memory performance. Additionally, higher levels of caregiver burden predicted worse performance on executive functioning and implicit memory measures. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that the stress associated with caregiving may have adverse effects beyond psychosocial outcomes, and findings can be used to inform policies and practices with regard to caregiver health and well-being.
Chronic Disease Self-Management: Behavioral Intervention Preferences Informed by the PEN-3 Cultural Model
Authors: Mingo Chivon , Airhihenbuwa Collins 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) is an evidence-based program shown to improve health status, healthcare utilization, and health behaviors among individuals diagnosed with chronic conditions. Aging African Americans, a population at a greater risk of chronic disease diagnosis and burden, are underrepresented in the utilization of self-management behavioral programs. Previous research suggested that cultural distinctions (e.g., values, beliefs, preferences, experiences) impact the participation of racial/ethnic minorities in health-related research, health behavior outcomes, and healthcare utilization. Little is known about unique cultural influences on CDSMP utilization among this target group. To our knowledge, no research has applied a culture-specific theory to understand preferences or use of CDSMP among aging African Americans. Guided by the PEN-3 cultural model, this study examines preferences, barriers, and facilitators that may influence CDSMP utilization for the management of diagnosed chronic conditions. Using a qualitative research design, African Americans (N=50) from six Atlanta Metropolitan faith-based organizations participated in the 6-week CDSMP and one of six focus groups. Participants were largely female (70%) experiencing multiple chronic conditions (M=2) with an average age of 70. Focus groups were transcribed, and a thematic analysis was applied to identify emergent themes. Participants preferred programs that included family, community liaisons, and relevant advertisement material suggesting the importance of cultural identity. Accessing CDSMP at a familiar location with an endorsement of program benefit from trusted sources suggests the importance of relationship and expectations. Findings shed light on factors that may cause aging African Americans to embrace or avoid CDSMP as a healthcare option.
Loving Others: The Impact of Compassionate Love on Later-Life Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Kahana Eva , Bhatta Tirth , Kahana Boaz , Lekhak Nirmala 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Existing scholarship in social gerontology has surprisingly paid little attention to broader loving emotions, such as compassionate and altruistic love, as potentially meaningful mechanisms for improving later life psychological well-being. This study examined the influence of feeling love toward other persons and experiencing love from others on later life psychological well-being. We conducted a 3-wave longitudinal study of a representative sample of 340 ethnically heterogeneous community dwelling older residents of Miami, Florida. The increase in feeling of being loved (β=-1.53, p&lt;0.001) and love for others (β=-1.43, p&lt;0.001) led to decline in odds of reporting greater level of depressive symptoms over time. The odds of reporting higher level of positive affect were significantly greater for older adults who reported feeling loved by others (β=1.16, p&lt;0.001) and expressed love for other people (β=1.18, p&lt;0.01). Older adults who felt loved had 0.92-point lower ordered log odds of reporting higher negative affect than those who reported lower level of love. The impact of compassionate love on depressive symptoms and negative affect remained statistically significant even after adjustment for altruistic attitudes and emotional support. The influence of loving emotions on positive affect was, however, explained by altruistic attitudes and emotional support. Our findings underscore the powerful influence of both receiving and giving love for the maintenance of later life psychological well-being. We offer support for the expectation that love is a significant force in the lives of older adults that transcends intimate relationships.
Frailty Status and All-Cause Mortality in the Community-Dwelling Older People: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Ekram A R M Saifuddin , Ryan Joanne , Britt Carlene , Espinoza Sara , Woods Robyn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Frailty is increasingly recognised for its association with adverse health outcomes including mortality. However, various measures are used to assess frailty, and the strength of association could vary depending on the specific definition used. This umbrella review aimed to map which frailty scale could best predict the relationship between frailty and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people. According to the PRISMA guidelines, Medline, Embase, EBSCOhost and Web of Science databases were searched to identify eligible systematic reviews and meta-analyses which examined the association between frailty and all-cause mortality in the community-dwelling older people. Relevant data were extracted and summarised qualitatively. Methodological quality was assessed by AMSTAR-2 checklist. Five moderate-quality systematic reviews with a total of 374,529 participants were identified. Of these, two examined the frailty phenotype and its derivatives, two examined the cumulative deficit models and the other predominantly included studies assessing frailty with the FRAIL scale. All of the reviews found a significant association between frailty status and all-cause mortality. The magnitude of association varied between individual studies, with no consistent pattern related to the frailty measures that were used. In conclusion, regardless of the measure used to assess frailty status, it is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality.
Associations Between Physical Activity and Living Alone: Are There Differences by Gender?
Authors: Cheng Jianjia , Nicklett Emily 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nearly one in three adults aged 65 and older live alone in the U.S. Despite this increasing trend, there remains little understanding regarding the relationship between living alone and physical activity (PA) in older adulthood. Is living alone a risk factor for lower levels of PA among older adults? The effects of living arrangements on health behaviors could differ by gender; however, findings from prior studies on this topic have been mixed or inconclusive. This is one of few studies to examine whether PA is associated with living alone (vs. living with others) and whether the association differs by gender using longitudinal data. Our data were drawn from 2006-2014 Psychosocial and Lifestyle Questionnaire of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of older adults in the U.S. (N=17371, mean age=75.4). PA was measured repeatedly using metabolic equivalents of task (MET) estimated values accounting for the vigor and frequency of self-reported PA (range 0-31). Using mixed-effects linear regression, we found that living alone was significantly associated with higher levels of PA (Coeff.: 0.41, p&lt;0.001). When examined separately by gender, living alone was associated with significantly higher PA among women (Coeff.: 0.47, p&lt;0.001) but not among men (Coeff.: 0.29, p=0.14) after controlling for marital status, other sociodemographic characteristics, and health-related indicators. Our study provides evidence of gendered differences in initiating and maintaining health behavior change in relation to living arrangements. Findings provide implications for the design of PA promotion programs and policies for older adults.