bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polydiacetylene‐Crosslinked Oligosiloxanes for Dual‐Mode Temperature Sensing
Authors: Motaghedi Fatemeh , Rose Lina , Sur Amit K. , Garg Garima , Nyayachavadi Audithya , Ahamed Mohammed Jalal , Carmichael Tricia Breen , Rondeau‐Gagné Simon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPolydiacetylenes (PDAs) are versatile smart materials due to their unique optoelectronic properties and sensitivity to environmental changes such as temperature, pH, and pressure, leading to distinct color transitions. Despite advantageous features, the limited solubility and challenging processing of PDAs often restrict their application in sensor manufacturing. Addressing the limitations of PDAs, this work combines PDAs with oligosiloxanes to create a material exhibiting good solubility in common organic solvents, facilitating the formation of thin films through solution deposition. A meticulous characterization strategy is used, including Raman spectroscopy, optical spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, to explore the thermochromic and electronic properties of the new crosslinked materials for the fabrication of optical‐electronic temperature sensors. The synthesized material displayed reversible thermochromism from 25 to 47 °C and a nonreversible transition beyond this temperature range. Dual‐mode capacitive temperature sensors fabricated from the new materials exhibited sensitivity (0.1 pF/°C) in the 25–80 °C range. The hybrid sensing mechanism developed enhances accuracy and reliability by monitoring temperature changes through both colorimetric shifts and capacitance variation. The development of new PDA‐crosslinked oligosiloxane not only marks an advancement in smart material technology but also opens new possibilities for diverse sensor applications.
Nonlinear Vortex Dichroism in Chiral Molecules
Authors: Cheeseman Luke , Forbes Kayn A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe recent discovery that linearly polarized light with a helical wavefront can exhibit vortex dichroism (also referred to as helical dichroism) has opened up new horizons in chiroptical spectroscopy with structured chiral light. Recent experiments have now pushed optical activity with vortex beams into the regime of nonlinear optics. Here the theory of two‐photon absorption (TPA) of focused optical vortices by chiral molecules: nonlinear vortex dichroism (NVD) is presented. It is discovered that highly distinct features arise in the case of TPA with focused vortex beams, including the ability to probe chiral molecular structure not accessible to current methods and that the differential rate of TPA is significantly influenced by the orientation of the state of linear polarization. This study provides strong evidence that combining nonlinear optical activity with structured light provides new and improved routes to studying molecular chirality.
Unveiling Charge Dependent Law to Enhance Birefringence in 2‐Aminopyrimidine Family
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Liu Xu , Li Zijian , Jia Hangwei , Jiang Yansheng , Yang Zhihua , Hou Xueling , Pan Shilie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSalts and co‐crystals composed of planar π‐conjugated functional units represent a fascinating class of materials, featuring both enlarged birefringence and a strong SHG effect. Herein, the optical properties of π‐conjugated (C4H7N3)2+ functional unit within 2‐aminopyrimidine (2‐AP) family are investigated for the first time. Furthermore, twelve novel compounds are successfully synthesized by applying four different strategies. In these strategies, (C4H7N3)2+, (C4H6N3)+, and (C4H5N3) functional units are introduced into the crystal structure, both solely and in combination, to analyze the alteration in birefringence. Remarkably, a birefringence rule with (C4H7N3)2+ < (C4H6N3)+ < (C4H5N3), stating that an increase in net charge over π‐conjugated functional unit leads to a reduced birefringence, is discovered. Consequently, the inclusion of a charge‐neutral (C4H5N3) functional unit within the crystal structure along with coplanar arrangement is a promising approach to enhance birefringence. Furthermore, D‐2 [(C4H5N3)(H3C3N3O3)] realizes Δncalc = 0.412 maximum in the (2‐AP) family. Notably, both A‐1 [(C4H7N3)(CF3SO3)2] and B‐1 [(C4H6N3)2(IO3)2(H2O)] crystalize in the non‐centrosymmetric space groups, with B‐1 exhibiting SHG efficiency of ≈1.4 × KDP @ 1064 nm, with the shortest λPM at 384 nm. This work provides new insight into discovering novel birefringent and non‐linear optical materials with high performances in the wide chemical space.
Efficient and Stable Red‐Orange Emission from Polaronic Magnetic Excitons in Mn (II)‐Doped 0D All‐Inorganic Rb4CdCl6
Authors: He Bin , Ke Bao , Yang Chengzhi , Chen Yijun , Zhong Xianci , Li Weijian , Zou Bingsuo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe impact of magnetic coupling effects on the luminescence of 0D (zero‐dimensional) perovskite materials doped with TM (transition metal) ions remains underexplored. This study synthesizes Mn2+‐doped 0D Rb4CdCl6 halide structures using a solvent‐based method, with Rb+ ions systematically arranged around isolated [CdCl6]4− octahedra. The resulting Rb4Cd1‐xMnxCl6 powder exhibits stable orange‐red luminescence under UV (ultraviolet) excitation, achieving a PLQY (photoluminescence quantum yield) of 88.96%. The parent Rb4CdCl6 is non‐luminescent, but doping with Mn2+ induces strong luminescence due to combined emissions from d‐d transitions of Mn2+, weakly ferromagnetically coupled Mn2+ pairs, and STEs (self‐trapped excitons). Characterization via XRD (X‐ray diffraction) and DFT (density functional theory) reveals that Mn2+ doping occurs through both substitutional and interstitial processes, facilitating magnetic coupling. Raman spectroscopy identifies strong electron‐phonon coupling at a phonon mode of 112 cm−1, supporting STEs generation. Magnetic property analysis shows significant ferromagnetic coupling between Mn2+ pairs and paramagnetic single Mn2+ ions, enhancing luminescence. The material demonstrates remarkable structural and thermal stability, positioning Rb4Cd1‐xMnxCl6 as a promising candidate for optoelectronic applications.
DNMT3a Downregulation Ttriggered Upregulation of GABAA Receptor in the mPFC Promotes Paclitaxel‐Induced Pain and Anxiety in Male Mice
Authors: Tian Lixia , Li Xu‐Hui , Zhao Yu‐Long , Yi Hui‐Yuan , Liu Xue‐Ru , Yao Rongrong , Hou Xue‐Mei , Zhu Xuan , Huo Fu‐Quan , Chen Tao , Liang Lingli 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChemotherapeutic agents, such as paclitaxel (PTX), induce neuroplastic changes and alter gene expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which may be associated with chemotherapy‐induced pain and negative emotions. Notably, DNA methylation undergoes adaptive changes in neurological disorders, emerging as a promising target for neuromodulation. In this study, systemic administration of PTX leads to a decrease in the expression of the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3a, while concurrently upregulating the expression of Gabrb1 mRNA and its encoded GABAARβ1 protein in the medial PFC (mPFC) of male mice. Overexpression of DNMT3a in the mPFC alleviates PTX‐induced pain hypersensitivity, and anxiety‐like behavior in these mice. Additionally, it reverses the PTX‐induced increase in inhibitory synaptic transmission in the pyramidal neurons of the mPFC. Mechanistically, the upregulation of GABAARβ1 in the mPFC is linked to the reduced expression of DNMT3a and DNA hypomethylation at the promoter region of the Gabrb1 gene. Furthermore, a long‐term diet rich in methyl donors alleviates PTX‐induced pain hypersensitivity and anxiety‐like behavior in mice. These findings suggest that the DNMT3a‐mediated upregulation of GABAARβ1 in the mPFC contributes to PTX‐induced neuropathic pain and anxiety, highlighting DNA methylation‐dependent epigenetic regulation as a potential therapeutic target for addressing chemotherapy‐induced cortical dysfunction.
All‐Inorganic Perovskite Quantum‐Dot Optical Neuromorphic Synapses for Near‐Sensor Colored Image Recognition
Authors: Yao Yung‐Chi , Lee Chia‐Jung , Chen Yong‐Jun , Feng Jun‐Zhi , Oh Hongseok , Lue Chin‐Shan , Sheu Jinn‐Kong , Lee Ya‐Ju 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs the demand for the neuromorphic vision system in image recognition experiences rapid growth, it is imperative to develop advanced architectures capable of processing perceived data proximal to sensory terminals. This approach aims to reduce data movement between sensory and computing units, minimizing the need for data transfer and conversion at the sensor‐processor interface. Here, an optical neuromorphic synaptic (ONS) device is demonstrated by homogeneously integrating optical‐sensing and synaptic functionalities into a unified material platform, constructed exclusively by all‐inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs). The dual functionality of each unit within the ONS device, which can be operated as either an optical sensor or a synaptic device depending on applied electrical polarity, provides significant advantages over previous heterogeneous integration methods, particularly regarding material selection, structural compatibility, and device fabrication complexity. The ONS device exhibits distinct wavelength responses essential for emulating colored image recognition capability inherent in the human visual system. Additionally, the seamless integration of electronics and photonics within a unified material system establishes a novel paradigm for optical retrieval, enabling real‐time perception of the encoded status of the ONS device. These findings represent substantial advancements in near‐sensor computing platforms and open a new horizon for all‐inorganic perovskite optoelectronic technologies.
An Artificial Neural Network for Image Classification Inspired by the Aversive Olfactory Learning Neural Circuit in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Wang Xuebin , Liu Chunxiuzi , Zhao Meng , Zhang Ke , Di Zengru , Liu He 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study introduces an artificial neural network (ANN) for image classification task, inspired by the aversive olfactory learning neural circuit in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Although artificial neural networks (ANNs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in various tasks, they still encounter challenges including excessive parameterization, high training costs and limited generalization capabilities, etc. C. elegans, boasting a simple nervous system consisting of merely 302 neurons, is capable of exhibiting complex behaviors such as aversive olfactory learning. This research pinpoints key neural circuit related to aversive olfactory learning in C. elegans by means of behavioral experiment and high‐throughput RNA sequencing, and then translates it into an architecture of ANN for image classification. Furthermore, other ANNs for image classification with different architectures are constructed for comparative performance analysis to underscore the advantages of the bio‐inspired designed architecture. The results show that the ANN inspired by the aversive olfactory learning neural circuit in C. elegans attains higher accuracy, greater consistency and faster convergence rate in the image classification task, particularly when dealing with more complex classification challenges. This study not only demonstrates the potential of bio‐inspired design in improving the capabilities of ANNs but also offers a novel perspective and methodology for future ANNs design.
A Heparan Sulfate Mimetic RAFT Copolymer Inhibits SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection and Ameliorates Viral‐Induced Inflammation
Authors: Ling Jiaxin , Lundkvist Åke , Guerrini Marco , Ferro Vito , Li Jin‐Ping , Li Jinlin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe high transmissibility and mutation ability of coronaviruses enable them to easily escape existing immune protection and also pose a challenge to existing antiviral drugs. Moreover, drugs only targeting viruses cannot always attenuate the “cytokine storm”. Herein, a synthetic heparan sulfate (HS) mimetic, HMSA‐06 is reported, that exhibited antiviral activities against both the SARS‐CoV‐2 prototype and Omicron strains by targeting viral entry and replication. Of particular note, HMSA‐06 demonstrated more potent anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 effects than PG545 and Roneparstat. SARS‐CoV‐2 is reported to hijack autophagy to facilitate its replication, therefore boosting autophagy can attenuate SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. It is revealed that HMSA‐06, but not a similar HS mimetic that failed to inhibit SARS‐CoV‐2, can upregulate cellular autophagy flux. In addition, HMSA‐06 was found to robustly block the NLRP3‐mediated inflammatory reaction in SARS‐CoV‐2 infected THP‐1 derived macrophages as evidenced by a reduction in inflammasome formation and the subsequent decreased secretion of mature caspase‐1 and IL‐1β. The HMSA‐06's inflammation inhibitory function is further confirmed using a LPS/ATP‐stimulated THP‐1 macrophage model. Altogether, this study has identified a promising HS mimetic to combat SARS‐CoV‐2‐associated diseases by inhibiting viral infection and attenuating viral‐induced inflammatory reaction, providing insights into the development of novel anti‐coronavirus drugs in the future.
Nuclear Overexpression of SAMHD1 Induces M Phase Stalling in Hepatoma Cells and Suppresses HCC Progression by Interacting with the Cohesin Complex
Authors: Shao Juntang , Wang Wei , Li Shiyu , Yin Guangfa , Han Lili , Wang Xinyu , Cai Meng , Yang Tao , Wang Ying , Qu Wenyan , Jiao Yanhong , Wang Peng , Xu Hanyang , Zhu Xu , Ying Songcheng , Xu Sa , Sheng Qiang , Fang Jian , Jiang Tongcui , Wei Chuansheng , Shen Yujun , Shen Yuxian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that the sterile alpha‐motif (SAM) and histidine‐aspartate (HD) domain‐containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is implicated in various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its precise role in tumor cells and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the expression patterns, prognostic values, and functional role of SAMHD1 in HCC progression. We constructed liver tissue microarrays using tumor and paired paratumor tissue specimens from 187 patients with primary HCC. Our findings indicate that nuclear SAMHD1 protein levels are increased in tumors compared to paratumor tissues. Moreover, nuclear SAMHD1 levels decline in advanced tumor stages, with higher SAMHD1 nuclear staining correlating with favorable prognostic outcomes. Hepatocyte‐specific SAMHD1 knockout mice, generated by crossing SAMHD1fl/fl mice with Alb‐cre mice, showed accelerated tumor progression in a diethylnitrosamine (DEN)‐induced HCC model. In hepatoma cell lines, nuclear overexpression of SAMHD1 inhibited cell proliferation by stalling mitosis, independent of its deoxynucleotide triphosphohydrolase (dNTPase) function. Mechanistically, SAMHD1 interacts with the cohesin complex in nucleus, enhancing sister chromatid cohesion during cell division, which delays metaphase progression. Our findings suggest that nuclear SAMHD1 plays a critical role in slowing HCC progression by regulating mitosis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target by manipulating cohesin dynamics.
3D Ordered Macroporous Mn, Zr‐Doped CaCO3 Nanomaterials for Stable Thermochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Li Han , Lin Jinfeng , Wu Jianze , Wang Jiashun , Wang Pengzhao , Kang Guojian , Huang Shuping , Fu Mingkai , Wei Jinjia , Ding Zhengxin , Long Jinlin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance Ca‐based materials that can work for long‐term heat transfer and storage in concentrated solar power plants is crucial to achieve the large‐scale conversion of solar photon fluxes to dispatchable electricity. This work demonstrates that a series of Mn, Zr co‐doped CaCO3 nanomaterials with the 3D ordered macroporous (3DOM) skeletons are successfully prepared by a novel strategy of templated metal salt co‐precipitation. The characterization results indicate that a majority of Zr and Mn are atomically dispersed into the highly‐crystallized CaCO3 framework, whereas a minor amount of Mn is present in the form of CaMnO3 nanoparticles (NPs). The optimal 3DOM material made by templating with PS microspheres with a diameter of ≈350 nm, 3DOM‐Ca80Mn10Zr10, shows a solar light absorptance of ≈74.1% and an initial energy storage density of 1706.4 kJ kg−1. Importantly, it gives an impressive energy storage density loss of < 6.0% and maintains above 1600 kJ kg−1 after 125 cycles. The density functional theory calculations reveal that the co‐doping of Mn and Zr into the CaO crystal lattice offers a strong affinity to [Ca4O4] clusters, as a result, the anti‐sintering of CaO NPs is significantly enhanced under high temperature.
Enhancing Field‐Like Efficiency Via Interface Engineering with Sub‐Atomic Layer Ta Insertion
Authors: Wang Shuanghai , He Kun , Li Caitao , Xu Yongkang , Dai Xingze , Wang Taikun , Liu Yu , Li Yao , Xu Yongbing , He Liang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe prevailing research emphasis has been on reducing the critical switching current density (Jc) by enhancing the damping‐like efficiency (βDL). However, recent studies have shown that the field‐like efficiency (βFL) can also play a major role in reducing Jc. In this study, the central inversion asymmetry of Pt‐Co is significantly enhanced through interface engineering at the sub‐atomic layer of Ta, thereby inducing substantial alterations in the βFL associated with the interface. The βFL has shown a 123% increase, from −1.66 Oe/(MA cm−2) to ‐3.8 Oe/(MA cm−2). As a result, the multilayered Ta/Pt/Ta (0.3 nm insertion)/Co/Ta structure leads to a notable decrease in Jc, exceeding a remarkable 90% compared to the simpler Ta/Pt/Co/Ta structure, ultimately achieving a significantly low value of 2.7 MA cm−2. These findings pave the way for the development of highly efficient and energy‐saving spin‐orbit torque (SOT)‐based spintronic devices, where further optimizations in interface engineering can unlock even greater potential in terms of reduced power consumption and enhanced performance.
Electric Field Sponge Effect of Conducting Polymer Interphases Boosts the Kinetics and Stability of Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Wang Dengke , Zhang Ning , Zhang Yi , Chang Le , Tang Haohao , Zhang Wenming , Zhu Qiancheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc (Zn) batteries (AZBs) are regarded as a prime choice for large‐scale energy storage due to their high safety and low cost. Nevertheless, the issues of Zn dendrites and side reactions seriously limit the cycling stability of AZBs. Herein, it is found that the electric field sponge effect of poly (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as a model conducting polymer interphase can boost the kinetics and stability of Zn anodes. During Zn2+ plating, the electron‐rich conjugated π─π bonds can accelerate Zn2+ migration and reduction. During Zn2+ stripping, the electron‐deficient conjugated π─π bonds can promote Zn2+ transfer from the Zn substrate into electrolytes. The Coulombic attractive/repulsive force‐regulated Zn2+‐plating/stripping behavior is similar to the absorbing/squeezing processes of water from sponges, so the electric field sponge effect is proposed. This concept applies to other conducting polymer interphases, such as polyaniline and polypyrrole. Moreover, the presence of conducting polymer interphases effectively suppresses the water‐induced side reactions on Zn. Consequently, the Zn@PEDOT electrode manifests a superior long lifespan of 5250 h (1 and 1 mAh cm−2) and an ultra‐high current density tolerance of 80 mA cm−2 and assures the coin‐type and pouch‐type Zn‐based full batteries with excellent cycling stability.
Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins
Authors: Hubers Nikki , Drouard Gabin , Jansen Rick , Pool René , Hottenga Jouke Jan , Ollikainen Miina , Wang Xiaoling , Willemsen Gonneke , Kaprio Jaakko , Boomsma Dorret I. , van Dongen Jenny 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMonozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins are studied to understand genetic and environmental influences on complex traits, however the mechanisms behind twinning are not completely understood. (Epi)genomic studies identified SNPs associated with DZ twinning and DNA methylation sites with MZ twinning. To find molecular biomarkers of twinning, we compared transcriptomics and metabolomics data from MZ and DZ twins. We analyzed 42,663 RNA transcripts in 1453 MZ twins and 1294 DZ twins from the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), followed by sex‐stratified analyses. The top 5% transcripts with lowest p‐values were analyzed for replication in 217 MZ and 158 DZ twins from the older Finnish Twin cohort (FTC). In the NTR, one transcript (PURG) was significantly differentially expressed between MZ and DZ twins; but this did not replicate in FTC. Pathway analyses highlighted the WNT‐pathway, previously associated with MZ twinning, and the TGF‐B and SMAD pathway, previously associated with DZ twinning. Meta‐analysis of 169 serum metabolites in 2797 MZ and 2040 DZ twins from the NTR, FTC and FinnTwin12, showed no metabolomic differences. Overall, we did not find replicable transcript‐level expression differences in blood between MZ and DZ twins, but highlighted the TGF‐B/SMAD pathway as a potential transcriptional biomarker for DZ twinning.
Microcrystalline Cellulose and Cellulose Nanocrystals: Ecofriendly and Sustainable Support Materials in Heterogeneous Nanocatalysis for Green Organic Transformations
Authors: Sharma Vinay S. , Mishra Saloni , Sharma Anuj S. , Sharma Neha , Varma Rajender S. , Shrivastav Pranav S. , Ammathnadu Sudhakar Achalkumar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe utilization of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as supports for nanocatalysts has garnered considerable interest in recent research due to their unique properties and several advantages. In this regard, we present a review of the use of MCC or CNC‐based nanocatalysts and their catalytic performance in organic reactions under milder and sustainable reaction conditions. The inherent advantages of MCC, such as its abundance, biocompatibility, and versatile surface, make it more attractive support material for nanocatalysts. Similarly, CNCs, with their high surface area, tunable surface chemistry, and sustainable nature, offer promising prospects for enhancing catalytic processes. The synergy between the cellulose‐based material and nanoparticles exhibits several novel properties. This review highlights the key features, advantages, and catalytic applications of MCC as well as CNC‐supported nanocatalysts, emphasizing their role in promoting more sustainable and efficient organic transformations.