bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dual-Factor Examination of Adolescent Mental Health and School Engagement
Authors: Clark Kelly N. , Blyth Grace A. , Wilson Kyle P. , Plant Meagan Z. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrevious research has indicated that student mental health is linked to their engagement at school. However, there is a lack of empirical studies examining students’ school engagement from the more comprehensive dual-factor model, which assesses both psychopathology and subjective well-being [SWB]. The current study examined this relationship via an adolescent sample of 611 students in the U.S. Midwest. Results indicated that students with higher levels of engagement experienced lower levels of internalizing or externalizing difficulties, as well as higher levels of SWB. Additionally, linear regressions revealed that as students reported higher school connectedness and academic efficacy, they also reported higher behavioral, cognitive, and emotional engagement. Internalizing difficulties predicted higher behavioral and cognitive engagement, and personal adjustment predicted lower behavioral and cognitive engagement. Internalizing and externalizing difficulties were not significantly associated with emotional engagement. Overall, results indicate that students’ mental health factors are closely tied to their engagement at school. These findings can be used to support targeted interventions on well-being and psychopathology, which may increase school engagement and overall student happiness.
Resolving Small and Mid-sized Banks: Resolution Versus Liquidation and the Transfer Tools
Authors: Binder Jens-Hinrich 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs part of a broader reform agenda, the European Commission’s proposals for a comprehensive reform of the European Crisis Management and Deposit Insurance (CMDI) framework include a recalibration of the conditions for the initiation of resolution actions with a view to expanding the scope of resolution actions to smaller and medium-sized banking institutions. The core element in this regard is a new definition of the so-called public interest assessment (PIA), whereby the initiation of resolution actions is permissible only if resolution is ‘in the public interest’. Under the original BRRD/SRMR regime, this test required that the objectives of resolution could not equally be accomplished through the winding up of the relevant bank under traditional liquidation regimes. With a new wording, both the European Commission and the European Parliament have proposed to lower that threshold, moving towards the application of resolution procedures as the standard approach to dealing with failures also in this market segment. The present article undertakes a critical analysis of these proposals and their potential implications in the light of the rationale of the original PIA criteria and a functional comparison between resolution and liquidation.
Improved Method for Methane Pyrolysis Rate Measurement using Molten Metal Catalysts for Turquoise Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wi Tae-Gyu , Park Young-Joon , Lee Uendo , Kang Youn-Bae 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
To develop low-$$\hbox {CO}_2$$

CO
2

emission ferrous metallurgical process, $$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

-based ironmaking processes are being actively developed. Several technologies are being developed to provide a sufficient mass of $$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

in an environmentally friendly manner. One of such processes is “turquoise” $$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

, based on a natural gas pyrolysis such as $$\hbox {CH}_4$$

CH
4

(g) $$\rightarrow $$
→
2$$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

(g) + C(s), thereby minimizing $$\hbox {CO}_2$$

CO
2

emission. The reaction could be catalyzed using molten metals in a bubble column reactor. Therefore, the selection of the molten metal catalyst is important for enhancing the reaction efficiency and for minimizing the production cost. In the previous research of the present authors, a new methodology for the pyrolysis rate measurement was introduced by employing an electromagnetic levitation heating of catalytic molten metals followed by quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) analysis to assist in the selection of the catalyst metal. However, a potential source of error in this technique was identified. Therefore, two modifications of the methodology are reported in the present study: (1) changing the heating and feed gas supply patterns and (2) gas analysis technique from QMS to Gas Chromatography (GC). Accordingly, the reported pyrolysis rate of pure In, Ga, Bi, Sn, and Cu of the previous study was revised in the present study. It was revealed that Ga and In emitted non-negligible amounts of $$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

upon heating, even without the fuel gas ($$\hbox {CH}_4$$

CH
4

). This was regarded as a noise in the $$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

signal measured by GC. On the other hand, Cu, Sn, and Bi did not show the noticeable $$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

(noise). The modified method provides $$\hbox {H}_2$$

H
2

production rate by the pyrolysis, by separating the noise in the regime of the chemical reaction control at the surface of the molten metals. $$1^\text {st}$$

1
st

-order reaction was confirmed.

Graphical Abstract
Optimization of Zn Leaching Recovery from Tire Rubber and High-Purity ZnO Production
Authors: Li Shiyu , Tran Thien Q. , Ji Bin , Brand Alexander S. , Zhang Wencai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWaste tire rubber is regarded as a potential source for Zn recovery and recycling. In this study, the occurrence of modes of Zn was first characterized by an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and the result indicated both ZnO and ZnS were present in the tire rubber. The Zn leaching recovery was optimized by response surface methodology, and temperature was identified as the most significant variable. The highest recovery of over 98% was obtained at 90 °C for 400 min when using 2.0 mol/L HNO3 as the lixiviant. After that, the Zn-containing leach liquor was subjected to solvent extraction for further separation and purification using bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272) and 2-ethylhexylphosphonic mono-2-ethylhexyl (PC88A) as extractants. Various parameters, such as equilibrium pH, extractant concentration, and organic-to-aqueous (O/A) ratio, were investigated to maximize the Zn extraction while minimizing the contamination of impurities. The result indicated that 0.1 mol/L Cyanex 272 exhibited a higher separation factor for Zn over major impurities compared to PC88A under the same conditions. To produce the high-purity ZnO, the Zn-loaded organic phase was subjected to stripping tests, and over 92% of Zn was stripped out with trace amounts of impurities. Finally, the pH value of the stripped solution was increased to precipitate Zn, and a final ZnO product with a purity of over 99% was obtained. This study provided a reference for waste tire rubber management and utilization.
Graphical Abstract
Phase-field modeling of the morphological and thermal evolution of additively manufactured polylactic acid layers and their influence on the effective elastic mechanical properties
Authors: Elmoghazy Ahmed , Heuer Anselm , Kneer Aron , Reder Martin , Prahs Andreas , Schneider Daniel , Liebig Wilfried V. , Nestler Britta 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive simulation of the fused deposition modeling (FFF) process of polylactic acid (PLA) using the multiphase-field method. Compared to existing works, this work aims to simulate the overall FFF process. It combines temperature evolution, viscous flow, polymer crystallization, and residual strain calculations within the microstructure with mechanical property analysis in a single study. Simulation studies were done in the case of the single layer to study the flowing effect of the filament and the distribution of temperature, viscosity, and relative crystallinity throughout the cooling process. Afterward, a system of layers with three rows and three columns was investigated. The nozzle temperature, bed temperature, viscosity, and layer height were varied, and for each case the porosity was calculated. After running mechanical loading simulations on each case, the effective Young’s modulus was calculated. The simulations show that increasing the nozzle and bed temperatures leads to a decrease in the porosity, while increasing the layer height increases the distortion in the pores’ shapes without significantly affecting the porosity. The decrease in porosity leads to an increase in the effective Young’s modulus of the structure in a linear trend within the investigated porosities. The Young’s modulus–porosity relation was validated with experimental values from the literature within an average error of 3.6 %.
Control Semiflows, Chain Controllability, and the Selgrade Decomposition for Linear Delay Systems
Authors: Colonius Fritz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A continuous semiflow is introduced for linear control systems with delays in the states and controls and bounded control range. The state includes the control functions. It is proved that there exists a unique chain control set which corresponds to the chain recurrent set of the semiflow. The semiflow can be lifted to a linear semiflow on an infinite dimensional vector bundle with chain transitive base flow. A decomposition into exponentially separated subbundles is provided by a recent generalization of Selgrade’s theorem.
Mobility as a Resource (MaaR) for Resilient Human-Centric Automation – A Vision Paper
Authors: Waller S. Travis , Polydoropoulou Amalia , Tassiulas Leandros , Ziliaskopoulos Athanasios , Jian Sisi , Wagenknecht Susann , Hirte Georg , Ukkusuri Satish , Ramadurai Gitakrishnan , Bednarz Tomasz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith technological advances, mobility has been moving from a product (i.e., traditional modes and vehicles), to a service (i.e., Mobility as a Service, MaaS). However, as observed in other fields (e.g., cloud computing resource management) we argue that mobility will evolve from a service to a resource (i.e., “Mobility as a Resource”, MaaR). Further, due to increasing scarcity of shared-mobility spaces across traditional and emerging modes, the transition must be viewed within the critical need for ethical and equitable solutions for the traveling public (i.e., research is needed to avoid hyper-market driven outcomes for society). The evolution of mobility into a resource requires novel conceptual frameworks, technologies, processes and perspectives of analysis. A key component of the future MaaR system is the technological capacity to observe, allocate and manage (in real-time) the smallest envisionable units of mobility (i.e., atomic units of mobility capacity) while providing prioritized attention to human movement and ethical metrics related to access, consumption and impact. To facilitate research into the envisioned future system, this paper proposes initial frameworks which synthesize and advance methodologies relating to highly dynamic capacity reservation systems. Future research requires synthesis across transport network management, demand behavior, mixed-mode usage, and equitable mobility.
Efficient compiler optimization by modeling passes dependence
Authors: Liu Jianfeng , Fang Jianbin , Wang Ting , Xie Jing , Huang Chun , Wang Zheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Selecting the optimal combination of compiler passes is a significant challenge to enhance performance and reduce the code size of compiled binaries. While a well-selected sequence of compiler passes can yield considerable benefits, the large number of potential combinations and the scarcity of effective ones make this task prohibitively complex. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel approach to group compiler passes into a small set of sub-sequences. This approach translates the task of identifying the right compiler passes combination into determining the appropriate combination of these sub-sequences. We apply our approach to CBench and PolyBench, demonstrating remarkable performance improvements. Our approach enhances runtime performance by 22% compared to the default LLVM ‘O3’ option, and achieves a code size reduction of 24% compared to the ‘Oz’ option. Our approach also outperforms state-of-the-art across various optimization tasks and hardware platforms.
Dynamic optimal lane management strategy for multi-lane urban expressway with bi-class connected vehicles
Authors: Qin Yanyan , Liu Changqing , Xie Lulu , Tang Honghui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTraffic flow mobility on expressway plays an important role in urban development. With the emergent technologies, connected vehicles, including both connected automated vehicles (CAVs) and connected regular vehicles (CRVs), are equipped with connectivity features to improve efficiency of urban expressway in a mixed traffic scenario. Existing research indicates that without targeted management, the integration of CAVs and CRVs into regular vehicles (RVs) traffic can lead to a series of congestion issues. A potential solution lies in the implementation of dedicated lanes, each designated for specific vehicle types, which could alleviate traffic flow complications. Therefore, this paper proposes a dynamic optimal lane management strategy for multi-lane mixed traffic urban expressway, aimed at maximizing the whole discharge flow. To begin with, we present an analytical method to mathematically derive discharge flow of each lane type including mixed traffic lane, CAV/CRV dedicated lane, and RV dedicated lane, from the perspective of both traffic demand and traffic capacity. Then, taking a three-lane mixed traffic urban expressway as an application, we conduct a numerical analysis of the dynamic optimal lane management strategy, based on comparisons among eight distinct strategies, under varying factors of traffic demands, penetration rates of CAVs and CRVs, and allocation proportions of vehicles upstream assigned to mixed traffic lanes. The results validate the effectiveness of the analytical method proposed for lane management strategies. It also indicates that the aforementioned system factors have significant impacts on the dynamic optimal lane management strategy.
Frederick W. Lanchester and Aerodynamics: why an automotive engineer wrote a book for aerodynamic education
Authors: Cummings R.M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSo much has been written about Frederick W. Lanchester over the years, it is hard to imagine finding something new to discuss about his efforts in aerodynamics. Many of the previous Lanchester Memorial Lectures discussed topics such as wing aerodynamics, aircraft concepts and design, unsteady rotor aerodynamics, aerodynamics research and a wide variety of other related aerodynamic topics. However, there has never been a lecture about Lanchester’s book Aerodynamics as a tool for aerodynamics education in the early 20th century. The lecture will discuss his book relative to other aerodynamics books before and after 1907, and uncover how Lanchester’s book had a very distinct, and important, contribution to make for aerodynamic education.
An Assessment of Sex and Gender Considerations in Migraine Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Clinical Trials
Authors: O’Brien Melissa S. , Dawe Jessica A.J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Published guidelines for conducting clinical trials for migraine therapeutics recommend recruiting participants based on disease epidemiology and including sex/gender-based subpopulation analyses. These recommendations aim to improve the quality and generalizability of migraine clinical trials. The aim of this study was to summarize participant demographics in migraine clinical trials for FDA-approved calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-targeting drugs (receptor antagonists [gepants], CGRP peptide or receptor monoclonal antibodies [mAbs]) and assess the use of sex/gender-based subpopulation analyses in these studies.

Methods:
We conducted a review of industry-sponsored migraine clinical trials for FDA-approved CGRP-targeting medications. Demographic data (sex and/or gender) from phase II or III trials were abstracted, and the use of sex/gender-based analyses was recorded.

Results:
Fourteen trials of gepants were included in this analysis. Participants who were identified as females or women were more likely to participate in these trials (87.0 ± 2.2%). Twenty-four trials of CGRP mAbs were reviewed. These studies also reported that participants were predominantly identified as female or women (84.9 ± 2.3%). None of the clinical trials reviewed reported sex/gender-based analyses of their results.

Conclusions:
This study suggests that men are underrepresented in migraine CGRP clinical trials. Greater attention to sex and gender is needed in migraine clinical trial design so that they better align with current recommendations made by headache societies and regulatory agencies.
The complete mitochondrial genome of Brachytarsina amboinensis (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea: Streblidae) provides new insights into phylogenetic relationships of Hippoboscoidea
Authors: Yang Jinting , Wang Yujuan , Yang Huijuan , Huang Xiaobin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe family Streblidae is a significant grouping of dipteran insects within the superfamily Hippoboscoidea, which parasitizes the body surface of bats. With the global spread of bat-related pathogens in recent years, Streblidae has gained increasing attention due to its potential for pathogen transmission. A sample of Brachytarsina amboinensis was sequenced on the B. amboinensis were obtained, compared with available Streblidae mitogenomes, and the phylogeny of Hippoboscoidea was reconstructed. The results indicate that the mitochondrial genome of B. amboinensis exhibits a relatively high degree of conservation, with an identical gene count, arrangement, and orientation as the ancestral insect's genome. Base composition analysis revealed a strong bias towards A and T in the base composition. Selection pressure analysis indicated strong purifying selection acting on cox1. Pairwise genetic distance analysis showed that cox1 evolved at a relatively slow rate. Regarding phylogenetic relationships, the constructed phylogenetic trees using Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood methods supported the monophyly of the Hippoboscoidea, Glossinidae, Hippoboscidae, and Nycteribiidae clades, with high nodal support values. Our research confirmed the paraphyly of the families Streblidae. In the familial relations between Nycteribiidae and Streblidae, New World Streblidae share a closer kinship with Nycteribiidae. This contrasts with prior findings which indicated that Old World Streblidae share a closer kinship with Nycteribiidae. This study not only enhances the molecular database for bat flies but also provides a valuable reference for the identification and phylogenetic analysis of Streblidae.
The sectional curvature of the infinite dimensional manifold of Hölder equilibrium probabilities
Authors: Lopes Artur O. , Ruggiero Rafael O. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Here we consider the discrete time dynamics described by a transformation

$T:M \to M$

, where T is either the action of shift

$T=\sigma$

on the symbolic space

$M=\{1,2, \ldots,d\}^{\mathbb{N}}$

, or, T describes the action of a d to 1 expanding transformation

$T:S^1 \to S^1$

of class

$C^{1+\alpha}$

(for example

$x \to T(x) =\mathrm{d} x $

(mod 1)), where

$M=S^1$

is the unit circle. It is known that the infinite-dimensional manifold

$\mathcal{N}$

of Hölder equilibrium probabilities is an analytical manifold and carries a natural Riemannian metric. Given a certain normalized Hölder potential A denote by

$\mu_A \in \mathcal{N}$

the associated equilibrium probability. The set of tangent vectors X (functions

$X: M \to \mathbb{R}$

) to the manifold

$\mathcal{N}$

at the point µA (a subspace of the Hilbert space

$L^2(\mu_A)$

) coincides with the kernel of the Ruelle operator for the normalized potential A. The Riemannian norm

$|X|=|X|_A$

of the vector X, which is tangent to

$\mathcal{N}$

at the point µA, is described via the asymptotic variance, that is, satisfies

$ |X|^2 = \langle X, X \rangle = \lim_{n \to \infty}
\frac{1}{n} \int (\sum_{i=0}^{n-1} X\circ T^i )^2 \,\mathrm{d} \mu_A$

.
Consider an orthonormal basis Xi,

$i \in \mathbb{N}$

, for the tangent space at µA. For any two orthonormal vectors X and Y on the basis, the curvature

$K(X,Y)$

is

\begin{equation*}K(X,Y) = \frac{1}{4}[ \sum_{i=1}^\infty (\int X Y X_i \,\mathrm{d} \mu_A)^2 - \sum_{i=1}^\infty \int X^2 X_i \,\mathrm{d} \mu_A \int Y^2 X_i \,\mathrm{d} \mu_A ].\end{equation*}

When the equilibrium probabilities µA is the set of invariant Markov probabilities on

$\{0,1\}^{\mathbb{N}}\subset \mathcal{N}$

, introducing an orthonormal basis

$\hat{a}_y$

, indexed by finite words y, we show explicit expressions for

$K(\hat{a}_x,\hat{a}_z)$

, which is a finite sum. These values can be positive or negative depending on A and the words x and z. Words

$x,z$

with large length can eventually produce large negative curvature

$K(\hat{a}_x,\hat{a}_z)$

. If

$x, z$

do not begin with the same letter, then

$K(\hat{a}_x,\hat{a}_z)=0$

.
Environmental drivers of seed persistence and seedling trait variation in two Neltuma species (Fabaceae)
Authors: Renzi Juan P. , Quintana Matías , Bruna Matías , Reinoso Omar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The endemic tree Neltuma caldenia Burk. and the shrub Neltuma flexuosa var depressa F.A. Roig (Fabaceae; subfam: Mimosoideae) are two promising species from the central region of Argentina, with high potential for use in the restoration of disturbed environments, for extensive livestock grazing and apiculture. Both species have seeds with physical dormancy. Ecological study of native species is important from the point of view of rehabilitation of degraded areas by natural regeneration or via seed-based programmes. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil seed bank persistence and seedling traits to understand variation among different populations of each of the study species growing along an ecological gradient and to identify potential components driving this variation. Home environments influenced seed bank persistence, which was higher in populations originating from more arid and unpredictable environments where it could act as a bet-hedging strategy between years and seasons. We also observed differences associated with seedling growth traits between the species and populations. Populations with higher seed persistence were associated with greater seedling growth in N. caldenia. The rapid elongation rate of N. caldenia seedlings growing in large populations and unstable environments could help their ability to escape drought by accessing deeper soil moisture and would confer a high relative competitive ability. In contrast, N. f. var depressa displayed higher seed persistence, which was associated with more arid and unstable conditions and correlated with lower seedling growth, possibly due to an inbreeding depression effect, resulting from the presence of mother plants in low-densities or being isolated from other individuals. There was no effect of population size on seed persistence. To better understand seed persistence and associated seedling trait variation, future studies need to consider the genotype, environment and landscape conditions.