bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students Value Asynchronous Instruction, Individual Projects and Frequent Communication with the Instructor in an Online Library Science Classroom
Authors: MacDonald Heather 
Published: December 2020

A Review of:
Hajibayova, L. (2017). Students’ viewpoint: What constitutes presence in an online classroom? Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 55(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2016.1241972
Abstract
Objective – Determine student perceptions of online learning.
Design – Survey questionnaire.
Setting – An online class in the School of Library and Information Science at a Midwestern US public university.
Subjects – 45 graduate students in an abstracting and indexing class.
Methods – Class participants filled in an online questionnaire at the end of the semester. The survey covered topics related to collaboration, communication, modes of instruction, and assessment. The researcher calculated frequency counts for questions and did a correlation analysis.
Main Results – For collaboration the author found that 62% of students expressed no or limited interest in participation in collaborative projects. Factors for successful completion of group projects included member commitment, instructor involvement, technology tools (discussion boards, wikis, blogs), group size (3–5 people preferred), and the nature and design of the project.
Preference for communication frequency via email ranged from daily to never with the highest percentage (28.57%) preferring once a week. Communication frequency through the learning management system (LMS) was similar. The largest percentage of students preferred communication 2–3 times per week for virtual (38.89%) and face-to-face (41.67%) office hours. The correlation between communication via LMS and virtual office hours was r = 0.89, p < 0.05. Of students completing the questionnaire, 47.22% found the instructor’s presence effective. While most students disagreed with using social media in an online course, many friended or followed the instructor or the class social media page.
Students preferred asynchronous over synchronous lectures and activities. Preference for frequency was once a week. There was a correlation between synchronous lectures and synchronous activities (r = 0.77, p < 0.05).
Student preferences for the frequency of overview and discussion of class materials were roughly equal in distribution (daily, 4–6 times/week, 2–3 times/week, weekly, or never). There was a correlation between synchronous overview and asynchronous overview of class materials (r = 0.93, p < 0.05). In terms of assessment, students found group discussion, individual projects, research papers, quizzes, and tests the most effective class assignments. Several correlation analyses were done between assignment types.
Conclusion – This study found students had limited interest in collaborative projects. It was also found that regular communication with the teacher was important. Students preferred asynchronous instruction and activities. They also preferred individual assignments for evaluation.
German-Language Websites Containing Information About Rare Diseases Lack Quality Indicators
Authors: Koos Jessica A. 
Published: December 2020

A Review of:
Pauer, F., Litzkendorf, S., Göbel, J., Storf, H., Zeidler, J., & Graf von der Schulenburg, J.-M. (2017). Rare diseases on the Internet: An assessment of the quality of online information. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(1), e23. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.7056
Abstract
Objective – To evaluate the quality of the information contained in websites about rare diseases and to determine if quality varies based on the supplier category of the website.
Design – Questionnaire and content analysis.
Setting – Germany
Subjects – 693 German-language websites
Methods – Websites were identified through a Google search: All 8,000 rare diseases (as listed on Orphanet) and their synonyms were entered into Google; the first 20 results for each disease were scanned for sites written in German. A questionnaire designed to measure the quality of information found on the websites was mailed to each identified website provider. For those who did not respond, the survey was completed by the authors using information from the site. A t test was used to examine differences in the quality of information among the types of information providers.
Main Results – A total of 693 information suppliers were identified. The suppliers completed 17.7% of the surveys; the other 82.3% were completed by the authors. The majority of information providers were patient organizations/support groups (38.8%) followed by medical institutions (26.8%). Information provided by individuals had the lowest quality rating. There were no statistically significant differences between the quality of information supplied by patient support groups and medical institutions. The highest quality rating was provided by associations/sponsoring bodies.
Conclusion – There is not much information available on the Internet regarding rare diseases. Patient support groups and organizations are the largest provider of information. The overall quality rating of information on rare disease websites was found to be low, particularly in areas of accessibility. Website providers should be made aware of how to produce websites of higher quality with greater accessibility.
Presidencialismo en tiempos de pandemia: Ecuador
Authors: Torres Maldonado Ángel Eduardo 
Published: December 2020

Los Estados Latinoamericanos, herederos tradicionales del sistema de gobierno presidencial, con ciertas combinaciones de figuras propias de sistemas parlamentarios, incorporan enunciados normativos dedivisión de poderes, aparente en algunos casos. Las reformas constitucionales de los últimos años refuerzan las capacidades de acción y decisión del ejecutivo, como medida encaminada a superar las crisis democráticas e inestabilidad de los regímenes políticos. Las constituciones ecuatorianas de 1998 y 2008 incorporan un vasto reconocimiento de derechos y sus garantías, además, atribuyen amplias competencias a la Función Ejecutiva, en detrimento de la Función Legislativa. El sutil diseño institucional previsto en laConstitución ecuatoriana de 2008 se orienta a consolidar un sistema hiperpresidencial, concentrador del poder político. Este artículo pretende: (i) reflexionar sobre el sistema de gobierno presidencial entiempos de pandemia; (ii) evidenciar que la Constitución ecuatoriana del 2008, desbordalas características esenciales del sistema de gobierno presidencial; y (iii) proponer medidas para prevenir la preocupante crisis moral aflorada en tiempos de pandemia.
Constitucionalismo, hiperpresidencialismo y desequilibrio de poderes en Brasil en tiempos de la pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Borges de Freitas Graça Maria 
Published: December 2020

La pandemia del coronavirus es fruto de un modelo político y económico que genera degradación ambiental, económica y social lo que, a su vez, agrava las crisis que él mismo genera, en un círculo vicioso. Su ocurrenciareveló problemas estructurales de la política y de la economía y sirve para explicitar los grandes desafíos que la humanidad, en general, y América Latina, en particular, necesitan enfrentar para la superación delmodelo vigente. Brasil representa un caso paradigmático para discutir los efectos perversos del modelo político y económico para la democracia y la efectividad de los derechos económicos, sociales, culturalesy ambientales (DESCA) en un país cuyo diseño institucional de los tres poderes y la cultura jurídica y política no favorecen la protección de los derechos fundamentales, lo que quedó evidenciado por la forma comose dio el enfrentamiento de la pandemia por un gobierno de perfil autocrático y por las dificultades de los demás poderes para contener los efectos perversos de las prácticas abusivas del dirigente de ocasión.
INTERFACES ENTRE PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO E EDUCAÇÃO EMANCIPATÓRIA: PENSAR POR SI PRÓPRIO, DESAFIO POLÍTICO-PEDAGÓGICO DE UM EDUCAR PELA PESQUISA
Authors: Wendhausen Mônica 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo trata da apresentação de alguns resultados de um estudo realizado durante um processo de doutoramento a cerca da percepção de uma comunidade escolar sobre um projeto educativo que tem a pesquisa como princípio educativo. Neste ínterim, por meio entrevistas e análise documental realizadas, sob o alicerce paradigmático da fenomenologia existencial e do método dialético, colocou em mostração a interface entre pensamento crítico e educação emancipatória nas “falas” de alguns membros da comunidade escolar, demonstrando que a prática educativa realizada no projeto, desde a sua concepção a sua execução, não somente modificou a forma como professores e estudantes se relacionavam com o conhecimento mas, uma outra prática educativa que abriu a possibilidade da participação da comunidade no processo educativo na escola.
A COVID-19 exposure at a dental clinic where healthcare workers routinely use particulate filtering respirators
Authors: Kim Do Sup , Ko Jae-Hoon , Peck Kyong Ran , Baek Jin Yang , Moon Hee-Won , Ki Hyun Kyun , Yoon Ji Hyun , Kim Hyo Jin , Choi Jeong Hwa , Park Ga Eun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Back ground. Asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients produce a considerable amount of virus and transmit severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through close contact. Preventing in-hospital transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is challenging, since symptom-based screening protocols may miss asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic patients. In particular, dental health workers (HCWs) are at high risk of exposure, as face-to-face contact and exposure to oral secretions is unavoidable. We report exposure of HCWs during dental procedures on a mild symptomatic COVID-19 patient. Methods. A 32-year old male visited a dental clinic at a tertiary care hospital. He experienced mild cough, which started three days before the dental visit, but did not report his symptom during the entrance screening. He underwent several dental procedures and imaging for orthognathic surgery without wearing a mask. Seven HCWs were closely exposed to the patient during dental procedures that could have generated droplets and aerosols. One HCW had close contact with the patient during radiologic exams, and seven HCWs had casual contact. All HCWs wore particulate filtering respirators with 94% filter capacity and gloves, but none wore eye protection or gowns. The next day, the patient experienced dysgeusia and was diagnosed with COVID-19 with high viral load. Results. All HCWs who had close contact with the patient were quarantined for 14 days, and polymerase chain reaction and antibody tests for SARS-CoV-2 were negative. Conclusion. This exposure event suggests the protective effect of particulate filtering respirators in dental clinics. The appropriate personal protective equipment for routine patient care during COVID-19 pandemic should be established. The appropriate personal protective equipment for routine patient care during COVID-19 pandemic should be established.
Effectiveness of a Wellbeing Intervention for Chronic Kidney Disease (WICKD): Results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dingwall Kylie , Sweet Michelle , Cass Alan , Hughes Jaquelyne , Kavanagh David , Howard Kirsten , Barzi Federica , Brown Sarah , Sajiv Cherian , Majoni Sandawana , Nagel Tricia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
End stage kidney disease (ESKD) is associated with many losses, subsequently impacting mental wellbeing. Few studies have investigated the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for people with ESKD and none exist for Indigenous people, a population in which the ESKD burden is especially high.
Methods
This three-arm, waitlist, single-blind randomised controlled trial examined efficacy of the Stay Strong App in improving psychological distress (Kessler distress scale; K10), depressive symptoms (adapted Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-9), quality of life (EuroQoL; EQ5D) and dialysis adherence among Indigenous Australians undergoing haemodialysis in central and northern Australia (Alice Springs and Darwin), with follow up over two 3-month periods. Effects of immediate AIMhi Stay Strong App treatment were compared with those from a contact control app (The Hep B Story) and treatment as usual (TAU). Control conditions received the Stay Strong intervention after 3 months.
Results
Primary analyses of the full sample (N = 156) showed statistically significant decreases in K10 and PHQ-9 scores at 3 months for the Hep B Story but not for the Stay Strong app or TAU. Restricting the sample to those with moderate to severe symptoms of distress or depression (K10 > = 25 or PHQ-9 > = 10) showed significant decreases in K10 and PHQ-9 scores for both Stay Strong and Hep B Story. No significant differences were observed for the EQ-5D or dialysis attendance.
Conclusions
Findings suggest that talking to people about their wellbeing and providing information relevant to kidney health using culturally adapted, locally relevant apps improve the wellbeing of people on dialysis. Further research is required to replicate these findings and identify active intervention components.
Trial Registration:
ACTRN12617000249358; 17/02/2017
Comparative Genomic Analysis and Phenotypic Characterization of Bronchoscope-associated Klebsiella aerogenes
Authors: Huang Fang , Li Shuang , Chi Xiaohui , Wen Peipei , Fu Hao , Wu Lingjiao , Lou Lan , Mo Junjun , Xu Hao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Bronchoscopes has been linked to the outbreaks of nosocomial infections. We aim to investigate the phenotypic and genomic profiles of bronchoscope-associated Klebsiella aerogenes isolates, and their association with genome public available isolates from human and environment.Methods: We performed a prospective single-center study sampling echoendoscopes after clinical use and after normal decontamination procedures. Bacterial screening was conducted by culturing the sample on Mueller-Hinton agar plates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution method. Whole-genome sequencing of K. aerogenes isolates was performed using an Illumina HiSeq system and comparative genomics analysis were conducted.Results: Over the 5-month period, a total of 358 isolates and 13 isolates were recovered from samples after clinical procedures and samples after decontamination procedures, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing found 7 K. aerogenes isolates to exhibit low-level resistance to antimicrobial agents. Among 7 K. aerogenes isolates, we found 5 sequence types (STs). Whole genome sequencing and comparison analysis observed the genetic diversity in our bacterial collection, which clustered into three main clades. Furthermore, we identified a total of 43 antimicrobial resistance genes in the K. aerogenes core genomes. As expected, human isolates encoded more antimicrobial resistance genes than that environmental isolates. Conclusions: This study first described the phenotypic and genomics characteristics of bronchoscope-associated K. aerogenes. The present observations demonstrated that broadly investigation of specific pathogens using publicly available global genomes offered the opportunity to identify prevalent clones associated with various hosts, sources, and geographical locations.
Comparison of bacterial microleakage of three bioactive endodontic sealers in simulated underwater diving and aviation conditions.
Authors: Dastorani Mehdi , Malekpour Behnam , AminSobhani Mohsen , Alemrajabi Mohammadsadegh , Mahdian Arezoo , Malekpour Behrooz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Bacterial microleakage is an important cause of apical periodontitis and failure of endodontic treatment. This study aimed to assess the bacterial microleakage of nano-mineral trioxide aggregate (nano-MTA) as a sealer, Endoseal MTA, and GuttaFlow Bioseal sealers in atmospheric pressure, and simulated underwater diving and aviation conditions. Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 180 extracted single-rooted teeth were cleaned and shaped, and were then randomly divided into three groups for single-cone obturation using Endoseal MTA, GuttaFlow Bioseal, or nano-MTA as a sealer. Each group was then randomly divided into three subgroups, and subjected to ambient atmospheric pressure, 2 atm pressure (to simulate underwater diving), and 0.5 atm pressure (to simulate aviation). The teeth then underwent microbial leakage test using Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), and the percentage of samples showing microleakage was recorded for up to 1 month, and analyzed using the Chi-square test.Results: The three sealer groups were significantly different regarding bacterial microleakage (P<0.05). The nano-MTA group showed significantly higher microleakage after day 15 than the other two groups (P=0.006). The effect of pressure on bacterial microleakage was not significant in any sealer group (P>0.05).Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that single-cone obturation technique using nano-MTA as a sealer results in lower resistance to bacterial microleakage compared with the use of GuttaFlow Bioseal, and Endoseal MTA. Pressure changes in simulated underwater diving and aviation conditions had no significant effect on bacterial microleakage. Trial Registration Number: This is not a human subject research.
Mitochondrial DNA abnormalities provide mechanistic insight and predict reactive oxygen species-stimulating drug efficacy
Authors: Zaidieh Tarek , McGeehan Rhiannon , Smith James , Ball Karen , An Qian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Associations between mitochondrial genetic abnormalities (variations and copy number, i.e. mtDNAcn, change) and elevated ROS have been reported in cancer compared to normal cells. Since excessive levels of ROS can trigger apoptosis, treating cancer cells with ROS-stimulating agents may enhance their death. This study aimed to investigate the link between baseline ROS levels and mitochondrial genetic abnormalities, and how mtDNA abnormalities might be used to predict cancer cells’ response to ROS-stimulating therapy. Methods Intracellular and mitochondrial specific-ROS levels were measured using the DCFDA and MitoSOX probes, respectively, in four cancer and one non-cancerous cell lines. Cells were treated with ROS-stimulating agents (cisplatin and dequalinium) and the IC50s were determined using the MTS assay. Sanger sequencing and qPCR were conducted to screen the complete mitochondrial genome for variations and to relatively quantify mtDNAcn, respectively. Non-synonymous variations were subjected to 3-dimensional (3D) protein structural mapping and analysis. Results Our data revealed novel significant associations between the total number of variations in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complex I and III genes, mtDNAcn, ROS levels, and ROS-associated drug response. Furthermore, functional variations in complexes I/III correlated significantly and positively with mtDNAcn, ROS levels and drug resistance, indicating they might mechanistically influence these parameters in cancer cells. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mtDNAcn and complexes I/III functional variations have the potential to be efficient biomarkers to predict ROS-stimulating therapy efficacy in the future.
The Effectiveness of Group Meta-Cognitive Therapy on Depression, Cognitive Emotional Regulation, and Meta-cognitive Beliefs in Women With Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zahedian Elham , Bahreini Masoud , Ghasemi Nezamaddin , Mirzaei Kamran 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers in Iranian women. They will experience a mental health problem such as depression before, during or after treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group metacognitive therapy on depression, cognitive emotional regulation, and meta-cognitive beliefs in women with breast cancer.Methodsin this randomized controlled clinical trial, a total of 24 depressed patients with breast cancer were randomly allocated to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received meta-cognitive therapy in 8 weekly sessions but control group received treatment as usual. Beck's Depression Inventory, cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, and meta-cognitions questionnaire were completed before, after and one month after intervention. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Chi-square tests.ResultsThe mean score of depression in experimental group was reduced from 21.6 ± 4.83 in the pre-test to 13.83 ± 8.12 in one month follow-up (P = 0.16) but there was no significant difference in control group. The mean score of cognitive emotion regulation did not show a significant change in the two groups during the study and follow up period. The mean score of meta-cognitive beliefs was reached 68.75 ± 15.74 from 79.51 ± 10.72 in the experimental group during the follow-up period (P = 0.006), but there was no significant difference in control group in the score of metacognitive beliefs.ConclusionThese findings support the efficacy of meta-cognitive therapy as a viable psychosocial intervention in depressed patients with breast cancer.Trial registrationIRCT201606288473N5. Registered on: 05/09/2016https://www.irct.ir/trial/8946.
Association of Tear Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Immunoassay With Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Qualitative, Semiquantitative, and Quantitative Strategies
Authors: Lee You Hyun , Bang Seung-Pil , Shim Kyu-Young , Son Myung-Jin , Kim Harim , Jun Jong Hwa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the association of tear matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) immunoassay with the severity of dry eye (DE) signs and symptoms through qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative evaluations of immunoassay band. This cross-sectional study enrolled 320 eyes of 320 patients. The clinical signs of DE were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disorder Index (OSDI) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), tear breakup time (tBUT), tear volume evaluation by tear meniscometry, and staining scores of the cornea and conjunctiva by the Oxford grading scheme. Positive MMP-9 immunoassay results were significantly related to shorter tBUT, tBUT ≤3 seconds, higher corneal staining score, corneal staining score ≥2, and conjunctival staining score ≥2. The semiquantitative results of the MMP-9 immunoassay were positively correlated with higher corneal staining score and negatively correlated with tBUT. However, in the quantitative analysis, none of the DE signs or symptoms were correlated to the band density of the MMP-9 immunoassay. In conclusion, The qualitatively and semiquantitatively evaluated MMP-9 immunoassay results are related to the clinical severity of DE. However, the quantitatively evaluated MMP-9 immunoassay results did not represent the clinical severity of DE disease.
Solid State Fermentation of Orange Peels for Production of Cellulase, Pectinase and Recovery of Orange Oil using Aspergillus Species NCIM 1432.
Authors: Labrath Yogita Prakash , Gaikar Vilas Gajanan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The conventional orange peel extraction processes have several drawbacks hence; there is a need to develop green process for extraction of orange oil. In present study, solid state fermentation of fresh orange peels by Aspergillus species NCIM -1432 to extract extra-cellular enzymes and orange peel oil are noted and the effect of methods of orange peel sterilisation, importance of selection of the fermentation strain, external nitrogen source, and particle size of the peels are also studied. The process used here gave 0.95 % w/w yield of orange oil with 96 % w/w limonene content with typical orange colour and flavour. Also, the crude enzymes produced during fermentation showed 155 U/ g and 239 CMC/ g respectively of pectinase and cellulase activity. The molecular weights of the obtained enzymes were found to be 39, 55 and 120 kDa which corresponds to the reported pectinase and cellulase.