bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoerythrocyte Membrane–Enveloped ROS‐Responsive 5‐Aminolevulinic Acid Prodrug Nanostructures with Robust Atheroprotection
Authors: Maruf Ali , Wang Yi , Luo Li , Zhong Yuan , Nurhidayah Deti , Liu Boyan , Tang Dan , Rouf Muhammad Abdul , Zhang Haijun , Yin Yuxia , Wu Wei , Wang Guixue 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe development of smart nanoagents that can respond to a specific stimulus has gained remarkable interest for treating various kinds of diseases, including atherosclerosis. On the other hand, a cell camouflaging strategy has been considered as a pivotal factor to improve the delivery stealthiness, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of nanocarriers, resolving the shortcomings of PEGylation. In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) prodrug nanostructures (ROSELLA) encapsulating rapamycin (RAP) are blended with nanoerythrocyte membranes to construct red blood cell membrane (RBCM)/RAP@ROSELLA. These nanoagents are designed to be able to escape the biological barriers, accumulate in atherosclerosis lesions, and enhance the release of drugs in the intracellular milieu due to the magnification of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In vitro study proves its superior ability to inhibit the proliferation of macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells. In vivo developmental toxicity further confirms that no significant systematic toxicity is induced by RBCM/RAP@ROSELLA, implying its favorable biocompatibility, which has potential for precise nanomedicine to combat atherosclerosis.
Effect of breastfeeding duration on lung function, respiratory symptoms and allergic diseases in school‐age children
Authors: Gorlanova Olga , Appenzeller Rhea , Mahmoud Yasmin S. , Ramsey Kathryn A. , Usemann Jakob , Decrue Fabienne , Kuehni Claudia E. , Röösli Martin , Latzin Philipp , Fuchs Oliver , Soti Andras , Frey Urs , On behalf of the BILD Study Group  
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundA positive effect of breastfeeding on lung function has been demonstrated in cohorts of children with asthma or risk for asthma. We assessed the impact of breastfeeding on lung function and symptoms at the age of 6 years in an unselected, healthy birth cohort.MethodsWe prospectively studied healthy term infants from the Bern‐Basel Infant Lung Development (BILD) cohort from birth up to 6 years. Any breastfeeding was assessed by weekly phone calls during the first year of life. Risk factors (eg, smoking exposure, parental history of allergic conditions, and education) were obtained using standardized questionnaires. The primary outcomes were lung function parameters measured at 6 years of age by spirometry forced expiratory volume in 1 second, body plethysmography (functional residual capacity [FRCpleth], the total lung capacity [TLCpleth], and the effective respiratory airway resistance [Reff]) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Secondary outcomes included ever wheeze (between birth and 6 years), wheeze in the past 12 months, asthma, presence of allergic conditions, atopic dermatitis, rhinitis, and positive skin prick test at the age of 6 years.ResultsIn 377 children the mean breastfeeding duration was 36 weeks (SD 14.4). We found no association of breastfeeding duration with obstructive or restrictive lung function and FeNO. After adjustment for confounders, we found no associations of breastfeeding duration with respiratory symptoms or the presence of allergic conditions.ConclusionThis study found no evidence of an association between breastfeeding and comprehensive lung function in unselected healthy children with long‐term breastfeeding. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that the duration of breastfeeding has a direct impact on lung function in a healthy population with low asthmatic risk.
Evaluation of haptic devices and end‐users: Novel performance metrics intele‐roboticmicrosurgery
Authors: Hoshyarmanesh Hamidreza , Zareinia Kourosh , Lama Sanju , Durante Benjamin , Sutherland Garnette R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHere, we present performance evaluation methodology that distinguishes the performance of a haptic device from end‐user skill level in a tele‐robotic system.MethodsA pick‐&‐place experiment was designed and eight participants micromanipulated cotton strips, similar to maneuvers performed during microsurgery. Using three nonredundant haptic devices:neuroArmPLUSHD, a custom developed master manipulator, and two commercially available products, sigma.7 and HD2, several features including the speed, effort, consistency, hand/gimbal agility, and force characteristics were measured and recorded for each participant and device.ResultsThe participants showed variable skill level. For consistency, hand/gimbal agility and force characteristics, they performed significantly better when usingneuroArmPLUSHDprototype. Based on the experimental data, performance metrics for both the device and the end‐users were established.ConclusionsTheintegrated performance metricsallows independent evaluation of both the user and haptic device, thereby quantifying human‐machine interactions.
Regional output feedback stabilization of semilinear time‐fractional diffusion systems in a parallelepipedon with control constraints
Authors: Ge Fudong , Chen YangQuan 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis article is concerned with the regional output feedback stabilization problems for semilinear time‐fractional diffusion systems in a 1≤n−dimensional parallelepipedon with control inequality constraints. For this, the spectrum decomposition method is used to derive a finite‐dimensional fractional ordinary differential equation (ODE) system that captures the dominant dynamics of the considered system. With this ODE system, we propose a finite‐dimensional fractional compensator to guarantee that the constrained closed‐loop semilinear systems are Mittag‐Leffler stable in some subregions of their evolution domains. An example is finally included to illustrate our results.
α−Fe2O3 Nanoparticles/Porous g−C3N4 Hybrids Synthesized by Calcinations of Fe‐based MOF/Melamine Mixtures for Boosting Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Tetracycline Degradation
Authors: Wang Baogang , Liu Xing , Dai Shanshan , Lu Hongsheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of α−Fe2O3 nanoparticles/porous g−C3N4 hybrids were facile synthesized by calcinations of the Fe‐based MOF/melamine mixtures with different mass ratios for boosting visible‐light (λ>420 nm) photocatalytic tetracycline degradation in water. As expected, the specially designed hybrids exhibited obviously improved photocatalytic performance for tetracycline degradation. Specifically, the photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3/g−C3N4‐0.4, an optimized hybrid, was about 2.64 times higher than that of bulk g−C3N4. The results of structure characterizations and photoelectric property tests reflected that the large surface area and strong interfacial coupling of Fe2O3/g−C3N4‐0.4 resulted in its high photocatalytic activity by providing the adequate active sites and promoting the separation and transfer of photo‐generated electron‐hole (e−‐h+) pairs. In addition, the photocatalytic mechanism of Fe2O3/g−C3N4‐0.4 was studied and the h+ was determined to be the main active specie for tetracycline degradation. This work can provide crucial theoretical guidance for developing Fe2O3/g−C3N4 hybrid catalysts toward pollutant photodegradation.
Scavenging of Hydrogen Peroxide by Allyl Methyl Sulfide and Diallyl Sulfide, Two Garlic Active Compounds: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Díaz Mario G. , Vega‐Hissi Esteban G. , Andrada Matias F. , Garro Martinez Juan C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe study potential scavenging of hydrogen peroxide by Allyl Methyl Sulfide and Diallyl Sulfide, two garlic components. The antioxidant properties of garlic are attributed to organosulfide compounds, which react with reactive oxygen species preventing the oxidative stress. We used the B3LYP functional for structure analysis and M06‐2X functional for the reactions employing gaseous, aqueous and non‐polar environments. The conformational analysis and Fukui functions allowed the selection of the initial structures and the region of nucleophilic attack by hydrogen peroxide. The scavenging reactions analyzed are: 1) Sulfoxidation; 2) Epoxidation; and 3) Hydrogenation. Through the intrinsic reaction coordinate, the energy profile, the activation energies, the rate constant and its temperature‐dependence were calculated. The results predict that reactions occur slowly and hydrogenation is not a feasible process. Finally, the sulfoxidation of Allyl Methyl Sulfide and Diallyl Sulfide resulted to be more thermodynamically and kinetically favorable than epoxidation (rate constant values, 10−10 s−1, in comparison with 10−18 s−1 from epoxidation), becoming the most probable pathway for hydrogen peroxide scavenging.
An Efficient and Scalable Synthesis of Lifitegrast
Authors: Rao Yerrabelly Jayaprakash , Kommera Rajashekar , Reddy Kasireddy Venkateshwer , Reddy Ghojala Venkat , Yerrabelly Hemasri 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn efficient and improved synthesis of a novel anti‐inflammatory drug, Lifitegrast 1 is described from Benzofuran‐6‐carboxylicacid. This synthetic approach avoided the racemization, formation of dimer impurities and furnished higher overall yield (79 %) with high purity. The key step of the synthesis involves tertiary butylester protection of the aminoacid fragment, which was hydrolyzed in further stages under mild acidic conditions. The critical process parameters were thoroughly studied for protection and deprotection of the tertiary butyl functional group. The attractive features of synthesis are the usage of commercially cheaper and eco‐friendly reagents suitable for multi kilo scale synthesis of Lifitegrast 1.
Single‐Step Synthesis of Dehydroalanine Derivatives via a Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Bartoccini Francesca , Mari Michele , Retini Michele , Galarini Roberta , Bartolucci Silvia , Piersanti Giovanni 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA single‐step practical synthesis of dehydroalanine (Dha) derivatives from commercially available starting materials is reported. The approach comprises a Brønsted acid‐catalyzed three‐component condensation reaction of pyruvic acid, an alcohol/thiol, and an amide/carbamate. This protocol provided access to several Dha derivatives, including a novel chiral version modified with diverse functional groups, which might be useful for further transformations in the construction of more complex molecules.
Parasitic angiosperms: How often and how many?
Authors: Nickrent Daniel L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAngiosperms that morphologically and physiologically attach to other flowering plants by means of a haustorium have evolved 12 times independently resulting in 292 genera and ca. 4750 species. Although hemiparasites predominate, holoparasitism has evolved in all but two clades, Cassytha (Lauraceae) and Krameria (Krameriaceae). Santalales contains the largest number of genera (179) and species (2428) among the 12 parasitic plant lineages whereas Orobanchaceae is the largest single family with 102 genera and over 2100 species. This review presents the current state of knowledge on the molecular phylogenetic relationships among all clades of parasitic angiosperms. These methods have been particularly important in revealing the closest non‐parasitic relatives of holoparasites, plants that exhibit reduced morphologies, increased substitution rates, and frequent horizontal gene transfers, all of which confound phylogenetics. Although comprehensive molecular phylogenies are still lacking for many of the large genera, nearly complete generic level sampling exists, thus allowing unprecedented understanding of the evolutionary relationships within and among these fascinating plants.
Tuning Achiral to Chiral Supramolecular Helical Superstructures
Authors: Nadimetla Dinesh N. , Al Kobaisi Mohammad , Bugde Sandesh T. , Bhosale Sheshanath V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe design and synthesis of achiral organic functional molecules which can assemble into a chiral with selective handedness in the absence of chiral substances is an important in understanding the role chirality plays within these systems. In this review, we described general approaches towards supramolecular chiral molecules the synthesis and self‐assembly of achiral molecule to active chiral molecules to investigate controlled supramolecular chiral nanostructures with their photoluminescent properties for rapid, sensitive and selective detection of analytes of choice. Various small molecules have been discussed for achiral to chiral along with induction of chirality and controlled chiral helical structures in detail. We discussed few examples where stimuli used to control the chirality such as temperature, pH etc. Finally, we will also explore on the photo responsive helicity properties of the aggregation induced emission active molecule such as tetraphenylethene conjugates.
A cross‐national investigation of trait antecedents of mobile‐banking adoption
Authors: Frimpong Kwabena , Shuridah Obaid , Wilson Alan , Sarpong Fred 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough there is a near agreement in the literature on the main predictors of consumers' attitudes toward technological innovation, the potential ways through which personal traits and national environmental differences contribute to significant variations in mobile‐banking adoption have received limited attention. Based on insights from innovation adoption and personality research, this study tested a model of mobile‐banking adoption using data from a developed and a developing country. Survey data came from a sample of 1,340 participants from the United Kingdom and Ghana. The results indicate that intrinsic traits are stronger in explaining consumers' attitude toward mobile banking in Ghana than in the United Kingdom. However, no significant variance between the two countries was observed with regard to the mediation effect of consumers' attitude on the intention to use mobile banking. The practical and theoretical implications of this study are discussed.
Perspective: Is therapeutic plasma exchange a viable option for treating Alzheimer's disease?
Authors: Imbimbo Bruno P. , Ippati Stefania , Ceravolo Ferdinando , Watling Mark 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTherapeutic plasma exchange, consisting of removing blood plasma and exchanging it with donated blood products, has been proposed for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) to remove senescent or toxic factors. In preclinical studies, administration of plasma from young healthy mice to AD transgenic mice improved cognitive deficits without affecting brain amyloid plaques. Initial encouraging results have been collected in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study in nine AD patients receiving young plasma. In a 14‐month double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study in 322 AD patients, multiple infusions with plasma enriched with albumin with or without immunoglobulins slowed cognitive, functional, and clinical decline, especially in moderately affected patients. Clinical trials of plasma fractions containing hypothetically beneficial proteins are also under way. These initial positive clinical results need to be confirmed in larger and more rigorous controlled studies in which the possible benefits of plasma exchange approaches can be weighed against the intrinsic side effects of repetitive infusion procedures.
Must all signals be evolved? A proposal for a new classification of communicative acts
Authors: Fröhlich Marlen , van Schaik Carel P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile signals in evolutionary biology are usually defined as “acts or traits that have evolved because of their effect on others”, work on gestures and vocalizations in various animal taxa have revealed population‐ or even individual‐specific meanings of social signals. These results strongly suggest that communicative acts that are like signals with regard to both form and function (meaning) can also be acquired ontogenetically, and we discuss direct evidence for such plasticity in captive settings with rich opportunities for repeated social interactions with the same individuals. Therefore, in addition to evolved signals, we can recognize invented signals that are acquired during ontogeny (either through ontogenetic ritualization or social transmission). Thus, both gestures and vocalizations can be inventions or innate adaptations. We therefore propose to introduce innate versus invented signals as major distinct categories, with invented signals subdivided into dyad‐specific and cultural signals. We suggest that elements of some signals may have mixed origins, and propose criteria to recognize acquired features of signals. We also suggest that invented signals may be most common in species with intentional communication, consistent with their ubiquity in humans, and that the ability to produce them was a necessary condition for the evolution of language.This article is categorized under:Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of CognitionLinguistics > Evolution of LanguagePsychology > Comparative Psychology
Critical function of circular RNAs in lung cancer
Authors: Drula Rares , Braicu Cornelia , Harangus Antonia , Nabavi Seyed M. , Trif Monica , Slaby Ondrej , Ionescu Calin , Irimie Alexandru , Berindan‐Neagoe Ioana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer‐related death in the world, especially due to its frequency and ineffective therapeutically approaches in the late stages of the disease. Despite the recent advent of promising new targeted therapies, lung cancer diagnostic strategies still have difficulty in identifying the disease at an early stage. Therefore, the characterizations of more sensible and specific cancer biomarkers have become an important goal for clinicians. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of RNA with covalently closed continuous loop structures that display high structural resistance and tissue specificity pointed toward a potential biomarker role. Current investigations have identified that circRNAs have a prominent function in the regulation of oncogenic pathways, by regulating gene expression both at transcriptional and post‐transcriptional level. The aim of this review is to provide novel information regarding the implications of circRNAs in lung cancer, with an emphasis on the role in disease development and progression. Initially, we explored the potential utility of circRNAs as biomarkers, focusing on function, mechanisms, and correlation with disease progression in lung cancer. Further, we will describe the interaction between circRNAs and other non‐coding species of RNA (particularly microRNA) and their biological significance in lung cancer. Describing the nature of these interactions and their therapeutic potential will provide additional insight regarding the altered molecular landscape of lung cancer and consolidate the potential clinical value of these circular transcripts.This article is categorized under:
RNA Structure and Dynamics > Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ding Lingling , Oligschlaeger Yvonne , Shiri-Sverdlov Ronit , Houben Tom 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and comprises one of the largest health threats of the twenty-first century. In this chapter, we review the current state of knowledge of NAFLD and underline the striking similarities with atherosclerosis. We first describe current epidemiological data showing the staggering increase of NAFLD numbers and its related clinical and economic costs. We then provide an overview of pathophysiological hepatic processes in NAFLD and highlight the systemic aspects of NAFLD that point toward metabolic crosstalk between organs as an important cause of metabolic disease. Finally, we end by highlighting the currently investigated therapeutic approaches for NAFLD, which also show strong similarities with a range of treatment options for atherosclerosis.
Two component dark matter with inert Higgs doublet: neutrino mass, high scale validity and collider searches
Authors: Bhattacharya Subhaditya , Ghosh Purusottam , Saha Abhijit Kumar , Sil Arunansu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The idea of this work is to investigate the constraints on the dark matter (DM) allowed parameter space from high scale validity (absolute stability of Higgs vacuum and perturbativity) in presence of multi particle dark sector and heavy right handed neutrinos to address correct neutrino mass. We illustrate a simple two component DM model, consisting of one inert SU(2)L scalar doublet and a scalar singlet, both stabilised by additional $$ {\mathcal{Z}}_2\times {\mathcal{Z}}_2^{\prime } $$

Z
2

×

Z
2
′

symmetry, which also aid to vacuum stability. We demonstrate DM-DM interaction helps achieving a large allowed parameter space for both the DM components by evading direct search bound. High scale validity puts further constraints on the model, for example, on the mass splitting between the charged and neutral component of inert doublet, which has important implication to its leptonic signature(s) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
Positivity constraints on interacting spin-2 fields
Authors: Alberte Lasma , de Rham Claudia , Momeni Arshia , Rumbutis Justinas , Tolley Andrew J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The consistency of the EFT of two interacting spin-2 fields is checked by applying forward limit positivity bounds on the scattering amplitudes to exclude the region of parameter space devoid of a standard UV completion. We focus on two classes of theories that have the highest possible EFT cutoff, namely those theories modelled on ghost-free interacting theories of a single massive spin-2 field. We find that the very existence of interactions between the spin-2 fields implies more stringent bounds on all the parameters of the EFT, even on the spin-2 self-interactions. This arises for two reasons. First, with every new field included in the low-energy EFT, comes the ‘knowledge’ of an extra pole to be subtracted, hence strengthening the positivity bounds. Second, while adding new fields increases the number of free parameters from the new interactions, this is rapidly overcome by the increased number of positivity bounds for different possible scattering processes. We also discuss how positivity bounds appear to favour relations between operators that effectively raise the cutoff of the EFT.
Five-dimensional supergravity in N = 1/2 superspace
Authors: Becker Katrin , Becker Melanie , Butter Daniel , Linch William D. , Randall Stephen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We construct 5D, N = 1 supergravity in a 4D, N = 1 superspace with an extra bosonic coordinate. This represents four of the supersymmetries and the associated Poincaré symmetries manifestly. The remaining four supersymmetries and the rest of the Poincaré symmetries are represented linearly but not manifestly. In the linearized approximation, the action reduces to the known superspace result. As an application of the formalism, we discuss the construction of the 5D gravitational Chern-Simons invariant ∫ A ∧ R ∧ R in this superspace.