bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skills building seminar: Develop collaborative tools among public health societies to mutually reinforce their interventions
Authors:   Organised by: Société Française de Santé Publique Chair persons: Yves Charpak - SFSP, Emmanuel Rusch - France
Published: November 2019

Abstract

National public health societies face specific national challenges but also common challenges in several countries but in specific national contexts. At EPH2018, a first workshop entitled ‘ Can national public health societies work together for mutual support on their daily challenges? “ had allowed the national public health societies represented to highlight their interest and their ability to work together. Among the different lines of work identified, one of them was particularly emphasized: ‘How to make allies and influence health policies?’.
This line of work brings different reflections: When adopt postures of conflict and / or cooperation with the public authorities? How to choose to argue from evidence based public health and / or to build and tell simple and consistent stories? What are the situations where we risk going from ‘collaborating with’ actors to’being manipulated by’ actors? What are the conditions for forming effective alliances in public health?
Several topics have been identified as common issues facing the different national public health societies: migration and health, alcohol, food and information of public, physical activities and active mobility, environmental pollution.
As part of this workshop we want to share the feedback of experiences presented by several national public health companies on common public health issues to learn lessons to strengthen their actions.
The feedback presented will help identify and construct shared analysis frameworks, to identify the conditions favoring the influence of national public health societies. The development of these common tools will strengthen their interventions at a national level and enhance their collective effectiveness at the European level. EUPHA is the relevant framework for inscribing this approach in time and space.

Key messages
Eupha is the ideal place to meet other public health companies and find opportunities to develop practical transnational collaborations for a better impact of public health at the national level. The sharing of experience on common topics will strengthen the influence of the SNSPs and the impact of their actions at the country level.
Public Health, Ministry of Health and Economic Actors: the case of food and information of public
Authors: Lombrail P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The experience of France in the implementation of a frontof- pack label, the Nutri-Score, clearly illustrates the constant tug-ofwar between public health experts and the industry and provides a framework for an efficient strategy that could be replicated at the EU level.
Dietary risk factors is in the top three leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Western Europe. Such high burden of diseases urges the implementation of strong and efficient public health strategies in order to curb the impact of poor diets. The public health community has long promoted strategies impacting both individual dietary behavior and the food environment, in a consistent global framework. However, the latter strategies imply to act upon the food and beverage manufacturers, to provide consumers with better information on the nutritional quality of the foods they produce and to ensure a shift in the nutritional composition of the food offer towards healthier foods.
Among the various public health nutrition strategies that are considered efficient in both modifying consumer behavior and enticing reformulations by the food industry, front-of-pack food labeling has been identified as a key policy component in a global program.
The Scottish case: minimum unit pricing for alcohol
Authors: Hilton S , Katikireddi S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There have been longstanding social and public health concerns about the levels of harmful alcohol consumption in Scotland. The Alcohol (Minimum Pricing) (Scotland) Act 2012 targets all alcohol sold through licensed premises in Scotland by ensuring it cannot be sold below a set minimum unit price. The pricing policy is currently set at 50p per unit of alcohol. Following a legal challenge and a vote in the Scottish Parliament, minimum unit pricing was implemented in Scotland on 1 May 2018. The aim of the Scottish alcohol policy has been to reduce the adverse public health consequences of alcohol consumption. It has also been identified as a potential measure for reducing health inequalities since alcohol-related harms are strongly socially patterned. The Scottish alcohol policy is important case to consider for a number of reasons. First, the nature of the policy differs. Rather than the introduction of a variable floor price, which may encourage switching in consumption from one product to another to maintain alcohol intake, minimum unit pricing introduces a price threshold that is uniform across all alcohol products. Second, minimum unit pricing is being introduced into a competitive commercial environment with strong vested interests, rather than a government-controlled monopoly. Third, the policy has been framed as a public health intervention, rather than primarily for revenue-raising reasons. Research on its development and evaluation will be considered to inform broader discussions on policy advocacy. Here we show a visualisation of the minimum unit pricing policy network to highlight how the public health community could work in more coordinated manner to support alcohol policy interventions.
Improving child and adolescent public health from a sociological point of view
Authors: Karvonen S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Changes in social divisions and their intersections are keys to understanding child and adolescent health from a sociological perspective. Furthermore, with European societies facing demographic change, aging of the population will also lead to a change in the societal position of children, young people and their families. This paper will focus on discussing ways to improving child and adolescent public health with special reference to broader societal and demographic changes and their implications to service provision, milieux and (collective) lifestyles of families. Broadly the point of the presentation is that ignoring the larger societal context may amount to prioritizing services, programmes or income transfers contributing to few or no public health effects at all.
Why do we need for timeliness of research in decision-making?
Authors: de Jong J , Hansen J , Groenewegen P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Compared to the policy process, the research process is slow. As a result, research evidence is not always available when needed in the policy process. These differences in timelines between research and policy hinder the use of research evidence in the policy process. In order to support evidence-based policy making, timeliness of research is important.

Methods
Examples are provided, e.g. where research was on time to be included in the policy process and where research was too late to be included in it. These examples are described and analysed to provide for recommendations on how to better align both processes.

Results
It is shown that in order to create timeliness of research, policy makers and researchers should talk on a regular basis. This increases the chance that results from the research are included in policy making.

Conclusions
Timeliness of research is important for evidence-based policy making. In order to create timeliness of research, interaction between researchers and policy makers is important.
Sharing hospital-based health technology assessments internationally
Authors: Marchetti M , Daugbjerg S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Issue/problem
National healthcare systems worldwide are at a critical point due to the fiscal sustainability challenges faced. At the same time, healthcare systems are under pressure to meet the global demand for adaptation of medical innovations arriving into the market persistently.

Description of the problem
Hospitals often serve as the entry point for new technologies to the healthcare system. It is therefore extremely important that Health Technology Assessments (HTA) are available in timely order to accurately inform decision-makers on both short- and long-term effects of a health technology to avoid inappropriate investments. Hospital based HTA (HB-HTA) was developed to accommodate the need for evidence-based hospital-specific information in a timely manner. A substantial increase in the use of HB-HTA has been observed in the last years. However, only few reports are being published. A database for the structured collection of HB-HTA reports could help the dissemination and collaboration between hospitals.

Effects/changes
A survey answered by an international group of experts knowledgeable in HB-HTA from eighteen different countries has showed that there is an interest to realize the collection and dissemination of HB-HTA reports on an international scale. However, confidentiality and resources for a database are barriers for the dissemination of HB-HTA reports. The challenge will therefore be to overcome these barriers and design a database containing high quality, comparable and complete HB-HTA reports with proper data security, regular maintenance and user support.

Lessons
International collaboration in HB-HTA is the key to timely inform decision-makers without compromising the quality of the data or the methodology.
Parental socioeconomic position and chronic inflammation during adolescence
Authors: Fraga S , Severo M , Ramos E , Kelly-Irving M , Silva S , Ribeiro A I , Petrovic D , Barros H , Stringhini S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Early life adversity has been associated with increased risk of inflammation and inflammation-related diseases in adulthood. This study aimed to examine the association of parental socioeconomic position with chronic inflammation over adolescence.

Methods
We used information on 2942 members (1507 girls and 1435 boys) of the EPITeen cohort that was established in 2003 in Porto, Portugal, and included 13 years old adolescents that were further evaluated at 17 and 21 years. Mother’ and father’s education and occupation were used as indicators of parental socioeconomic position. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured at three points in time (13, 17 and 21 years). CRP levels were categorized in tertiles separately for each wave; chronic inflammation in adolescence was defined as having CRP levels in the highest tertile in at least 2 waves and never in the lowest tertile.

Results
Over adolescence, the prevalence of chronic inflammation was significantly higher among participants with low parental socioeconomic position. Low parental socioeconomic position was associated with chronic inflammation in adolescence, after adjustment for sex, perinatal and physical environment factors, health-related behaviours and health status in adolescence OR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.11, 2.40 for lowest vs. highest mother’s education and OR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.12, 2.30 for lowest vs. highest father’s education.

Conclusions
Low parental socioeconomic position is associated with chronic inflammation during adolescence. Our results suggest that the early life socioeconomic environment has an impact on inflammatory processes over adolescence.
WHO Action Network on Measuring Health Literacy: the Italian pilot for the Survey 2019 Title
Authors: Palmieri L , Rosano A , Cadeddu C , Donfrancesco C , Galeone D , Mastrilli V , Elia R D , Lo Noce C , Acampora A , Giampaoli S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Health Literacy-HL is an important determinant to improve and maintain health and quality of life during life course. HL implies people’s knowledge, motivation, competencies to access, understand, appraise, apply information to make judgements and decisions in everyday life concerning healthcare, disease prevention, health promotion. Thanks to Ministry of Health funds, Italy joined the WHO Action Network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy-M-POHL for collecting comparable data on HL in order to measure and promote citizens’ HL among MS.
Objective: The HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire was administered to a sample of adult population during the Health Examination Survey-HES of the CUORE Project started in 2018, to verify and evaluate the feasibility of the HL survey.

Methods
One hundred people aged 35-74 years, resident in Reggio Calabria (South of Italy), were interviewed (face-to-face) following consecutive access to the HES. According to the HLS-EU-Q16 sum score, three levels of HL were defined: inadequate, problematic, and sufficient. HL mean score and standard deviation-SD were elaborated together with prevalence of the three HL levels. Socio-demographics conditions, lifestyles, risk factors were measured during the HES.

Results
HL mean score of 98 completed questionnaires (47 men, 51 women) was 13.0 (SD = 3.5), with no sex difference; prevalence of persons with inadequate HL was 11.2%, problematic 26.5%, sufficient 62.3%. Sufficient HL level presents the highest prevalence (72%) of high educational level. Smoking habit decreases as HL level increases.

Conclusions
The HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire represents a standardised tool applicable in the general population. Preliminary results from the Italian pilot of the HLS-EU-Q16 suggest that the survey is feasible within the HES of the CUORE Project, with the opportunity to link HL data with HES measured data. More than one third of interviewed adult population have inadequate/problematic HL.
Promoting sexual health literacy among migrants in Sweden
Authors: Svensson P , Carlzén K , Agardh A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Migrants constitute a growing share of the European population. Refugees and migrants in Europe have a higher risk for poor sexual and reproductive health than the native-born population. These differences can be explained by limited access to sexual health care, family planning and prevention.
Newly arrived migrants in Sweden are offered a programme encompassing civic orientation provided in mother tongue by communicators. MILSA web-based education platform aims to secure a national standard for civic orientation. Over a three-year period, 200 communicators across Sweden will receive training. This study will explore civic orientation as an arena for health communication, and the role of the communicators for delivering sexual health information. It will identify active components for the delivery and uptake of sexual health information.

Methods
Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with nine migrant women during their resettlement, and with twenty communicators participating in MILSA education platform.

Preliminary results
Receiving information in mother tongue by communicators with cultural competence increases access to information. Shared understandings of shame and stigma associated with sexual health constrain the quality of delivery and uptake. Leadership, pedagogic skills, cultural competence, and responsiveness to target group are important qualifications for the communicators. Communicators need an understanding of both cultures, how they interact, and the influence of migration on cultural identity to deliver SRHR information. Trust among participants, and between the communicator and participants is essential for the delivery and uptake of sexual health information.

Conclusions
Building competence to deliver sexual health information among professionals who encounter migrants at an early stage in the resettlement has the potential to build sexual health literacy and reduce barriers to accessing sexual and reproductive health.

Key messages
Civic orientation is an important arena for reaching migrants with SRHR information. To empower the migrants to take control of their sexual and reproductive wellbeing in the new country, this information must be culturally, linguistically appropriate and delivered pedagogically.
Round table: AI and Big Data: Ethical Challenges and Health Opportunities
Authors:   Organised by: Digital Public Health Conference Chair persons: Patty Kostkova - UK
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The recent emergence of Big Data in healthcare (including large linked data from electronic patient records (EPR) as well as streams of real-time geolocated health data collected by personal wearable devices, etc.) and the open data movement enabling sharing datasets are creating new challenges around ownership of personal data whilst at the same time opening new research opportunities and drives for commercial exploitation. A balance must be struck between an individual’s desire for privacy and their desire for good evidence to drive healthcare, which may sometimes be in conflict. With the increasing use of mobile and wearable devices, new opportunities have been created for personalized health (tailored care to the needs of an individual), crowdsourcing, participatory surveillance, and movement of individuals pledging to become “data donors” and the “quantified self” initiative (where citizens share data through mobile device-connected technologies). These initiatives created large volumes of data with considerable potential for research through open data initiatives. In this workshop we will hear from a panel of international speakers working across the digital health, Big Data ethics, computer science, public health divide on how they have addressed the challenges presented by increased use of Big Data and AI systems in healthcare with insights drawn from their own experience to illustrate the new opportunities that development of these movements has opened up.

Key messages
The potential of open access to healthcare data, sharing Big Data sets and rapid development of AI technology, is enormous - so as are the challenges and barriers to achieve this goal. Policymakers, scientific and business communities should work together to find novel approaches for underlying challenges of a political and legal nature associated with use of big data for health.
Modelling healthcare access for migrants and refugees in Europe: identifying the major health issues
Authors: Gil-Salmerón A , Riza E , Karnaki P , Zota D , Linos A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Mig-HealthCare systematically searched to identify the key health areas of refugee/migrant health in order to facilitate interventions that help access to care services for migrants and refugees. The literature review was carried out in March 2018 using 3 large scientific databases using a combination of search terms following the PRISMA methodology and a standard set of items used to report on systematic reviews. Based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 118 publications were used for data extraction. It is important to note, that in almost all of the sources identified, the following cross-cutting factors were described as influencing access to healthcare: Continuity of Information, how it relates to policy, how it differs between health services and across-borders. Furthermore, the organizational coordination among social and health care providers in the host country determinates the successful access to healthcare of migrants/refugees.Language & Communication takes into consideration both the healthcare service and its provision of translators and cultural mediators, and the host country language proficiency of the migrant/refugee.Organizational improvement of access and delivery of health care services for migrants and refugees in addition to Cultural Competence of the healthcare providers meaning the ability to maximize their sensitivity in the service of care to culturally diverse groups.Health literacy understood as the motivation and competences of the migrant population to access, understand, appraise, and apply health information.
Additionally, the health issues of particular importance for migrants/refugees as emerged from the systematic review, including mental health, maternal/child health, health promotion, NCDs and chronic diseases, Oral/|Dental health, and Vaccinations should be included in planning future needs and healthcare access.
Deaths of despair and Brexit votes: cross-local authority statistical analysis in England and Wales
Authors: Koltai J , Varchetta F M , Mckee M , Stuckler D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To test the hypothesis that ‘deaths of despair’, a marker of social suffering, was associated with greater support for Brexit in the UK’s 2016 EU referendum.

Methods
Cross local authority regression models of 2016 Brexit referendum vote shares for each local authority in England and Wales on changes in rates of suicide and drug-related deaths pre- (2005-2007) and post-recession (2014-2016), adjusting for several socioeconomic and demographic factors.
Survey population: 345 local authorities in England and Wales.

Results
Greater mortality rates from deaths of despair were significantly associated with higher Brexit vote shares. In unadjusted models, an increase of 10 drug-related deaths per 100 000 associated with a 13.20 percentage point increase in Brexit votes (95% CI: 7.09 to 19.31), while an increase of 10 suicides per 100 000 was associated with a 9.93 percentage point increase in vote shares for Brexit (95% confidence interval 6.21 to 13.65). These associations are explained by local area-level economic and education factors.

Conclusions
Worsening external causes of death correlate with Brexit voting. Such deaths may serve as an early warning indicator for political instability.

Key messages
Prior research has shown correlations between deaths of despair and votes shares for Trump in the 2016 US presidential election. We extend this research to the UK, showing that greater mortality rates from deaths of despair were significantly associated with higher Brexit vote shares.