bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Os Antecedentes da Orientação Empreendedora em Negócios Sociais
Authors: Carmona Viviane Celina , Daí Pra Martens Cristina , Mello Rodrigues de Freitas Henrique 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar os Antecedentes da OE em Startups de Negócios Sociais. Método: Foi desenvolvido um estudo exploratório e qualitativo, com coleta de dados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com fundadores de oito negócios sociais. Os dados foram analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo, com auxílio do software ATLAS.ti.Resultados: É apresentada uma caracterização dos antecedentes da OE, sendo eles: missão social, identificação de oportunidades, acesso a capital e stakeholders. Os resultados evidenciam a identificação de oportunidades como o principal antecedente. Essas oportunidades estão relacionadas às necessidades de participação e de contribuição social por parte dos fundadores. Na sequência, destaca-se a missão social, vista como uma oportunidade de contribuir para a qualidade de vida da população em geral.Contribuições teóricas: O estudo contribui com a caracterização dos antecedentes da OE no contexto de negócios sociais, evidenciando que há diferença desses antecedentes nos contextos social e puramente econômico.Relevância/originalidade: O estudo investiga contexto carente de estudos voltados à compreensão dos antecedentes que podem ser os propulsores ou facilitadores de inciativas empreendedoras.Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: A compreensão dos antecedentes da OE em negócios sociais pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de ações estratégicas junto à empreendedores e empreendimentos de negócios sociais.
QueroQuiro – Empreendedorismo em Um Segmento da Saúde
Authors: Almeida Neto Mauricio de , Marcondes Reynaldo Cavalheiro 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: Apresentar o processo de aproveitamento de uma oportunidade no segmento de saúde por uma clínica de quiropraxia.Metodologia: Foi adotada a metodologia da solução de problemas e aproveitamento de oportunidades, por se tratar de trabalho aplicado à realidade de um negócio.Resultados: Rápido crescimento da demanda pelos serviços na área em 361,97% no faturamento e em 4,41% na margem de lucratividade, entre junho de 2018 e maio de 2019, por ter dobrado o número de atendimentos. Isso permitiu a expansão da clínica com a implantação de uma nova unidade no final desse período. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: A metodologia utilizada demonstrou ser suficientemente robusta e eficiente para tratar um tema prático de empreendedorismo, envolvendo questões concretas e complexas da realidade da empresa.Relevância/originalidade: Mostrar o desenvolvimento de um empreendimento bem-sucedido, apresentando como é possível dobrar o faturamento de um negócio utilizando uma metodologia com fundamentação científica que permite a replicação e tem validade por tratar com a realidade.Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: Está no fato de uma empresa iniciante no negócio da saúde ter dobrado o seu porte, ter gerado benefício para mais pessoas com necessidades de recuperação da saúde, resultando na expansão do quadro de pessoal com a contratação de mais profissionais e de apoio administrativo, além do reinvestimento na expansão do negócio. Aos gestores é importante enfatizar que negócios começam e expandem atendendo às necessidades dos clientes e entregando aquilo que eles efetivamente estão demandando.
Comparison of granulated and loose ash in fertilisation of Scots pine on peatland
Authors: Hytönen Jyrki , Hökkä Hannu 
Published: March 2020

The effects of wood ash fertilisation on tree nutrition and growth on forested peatlands has been studied using loose ash, but in practice, ash fertilisation is done almost exclusively with granulated ash. In this study, the effects of granulated ash and loose ash (both 5 Mg ha) on the growth and nutrition of Scots pine ( L.) stands were compared between a nitrogen-poor and a nitrogen-rich site over 15 years. On the nitrogen-rich site, wood ash application was also compared with commercial PK fertilisation. On the nitrogen-rich site, mean stand volume growth increase over unfertilised control treatment during the 15 year study period using granulated ash and commercial PK fertiliser was of the same magnitude (on average, 2.2â2.3 m ha a). However, when loose ash was used growth increase over control was higher (3.7 m ha a). On the nitrogen-poor site, the mean growth increase gained by loose or granulated ash (1.4â1.5 m ha a) over the unfertilised control treatment was not significant. Fertilisation with loose ash or PK increased foliar P, K and B concentrations already in the first or second growing season, following fertilisation on both sites. Granulated ash increased foliar P concentrations on the nitrogen-rich site less than loose ash. After an initial increase, foliar P, K and B concentrations decreased at the end of study period. On the nitrogen-poor site, foliar P concentrations were below the deficiency limit by the end of the study period.â1Pinus sylvestris3â1â13â1â13â1â1
The Role of Automatically Generated Chicago Classification in Delayed Achalasia Diagnosis
Authors: Averbukh Leon D. , Tadros Micheal 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder characterized by a lack of peristalsis and an increased lower esophageal sphincter pressure that does not relax with swallowing. High-resolution manometry (HRM), a valuable diagnostic tool for esophageal disorders, often comes with software for automated study interpretation. Although helpful, there are certain caveats in the diagnostic criteria for achalasia which the software may miss. We highlight 2 patients in whom software analysis of HRM studies resulted in misdiagnosis of achalasia as manometrically detected nonachalasia esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction and emphasize the importance of manual interpretation of HRM data by clinicians.
Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent Used to Treat Malignant Esophageal Stricture
Authors: Mirchin Ryan B. , Mahmood Syed Kashif 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Malignant esophageal strictures often require stent placement to alleviate dysphagia and improve quality of life. We present a novel application of a lumen-apposing metal stent to bypass a malignant esophageal stricture in the setting of altered gastric anatomy.
Disordered Gut Microbiota in Children Who Have Chronic Pancreatitis and Different Functional Gene Mutations
Authors: Wang Wei , Xiao Yuan , Wang Xinqiong , Zhou Yiran , Wang Ting , Xv Chundi , Shen Bai-Yong 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a serious condition whose pathogenic mechanism is unclear. Interactions of host genetic factors with gut microbiota have a role, but little is known, especially in children with CP (CCP), in which the external factors are less important. Our objective was to identify the main gut microbiota genera in CCP and to characterize the functional mutations of these patients.

METHODS:
We used 16S rRNA sequencing to compare the gut microbiota of healthy controls with patients who had CCP and different functional gene mutations.

RESULTS:
CCP is characterized by gut microbiota with remarkably reduced alpha diversity. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that the abundances of 6 genera—Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum, Phascolarctobacterium, Bifidobacterium, Eubacerium, and Collinsella—were significantly decreased in CCP, with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.92 when considering all 6 genera together. Functional analysis of gut microbiota in CCP indicated reduced ribosomal activity, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, but an enrichment of phosphotransferase system pathways. The abundance of Butyricicoccus was significantly decreased in CCP in the presence of CFTR mutations when combined with mutations in CASR, CTSB, SPINK1, and/or PRSS1. The abundance of Ruminococcaceae was significantly increased in CCP when there were mutations in CASR, CTSB, SPINK1, and/or PRSS1. Patients with CCP but no gene mutations had greater abundances of Veillonella and reduced abundances of Phascolarctobacterium.

DISCUSSION:
CCP is associated with a depletion of probiotic gut microbiota, and CCP patients with different functional gene mutations have different gut microbiota.
Application of Convolutional Neural Networks for Detection of Superficial Nonampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors in Esophagogastroduodenoscopic Images
Authors: Inoue Shuntaro , Shichijo Satoki , Aoyama Kazuharu , Kono Mitsuhiro , Fukuda Hiromu , Shimamoto Yusaku , Nakagawa Kentaro , Ohmori Masayasu , Iwagami Hiroyoshi , Matsuno Kenshi , Iwatsubo Taro , Nakahira Hiroko , Matsuura Noriko , Maekawa Akira , Kanesaka Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Takeuchi Yoji , Higashino Koji , Uedo Noriya , Ishihara Ryu , Tada Tomohiro 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:
A superficial nonampullary duodenal epithelial tumor (SNADET) is defined as a mucosal or submucosal sporadic tumor of the duodenum that does not arise from the papilla of Vater. SNADETs rarely metastasize to the lymph nodes, and most can be treated endoscopically. However, SNADETs are sometimes missed during esophagogastroduodenoscopic examination. In this study, we constructed a convolutional neural network (CNN) and evaluated its ability to detect SNADETs.

METHODS:
A deep CNN was pretrained and fine-tuned using a training data set of the endoscopic images of SNADETs (duodenal adenomas [N = 65] and high-grade dysplasias [HGDs] [N = 31] [total 531 images]). The CNN evaluated a separate set of images from 26 adenomas, 8 HGDs, and 681 normal tissue (total 1,080 images). The gold standard for both the training data set and test data set was a “true diagnosis” made by board-certified endoscopists and pathologists. A detected tumor was marked with a rectangular frame on the endoscopic image. If it overlapped at least a part of the “true tumor” diagnosed by board-certified endoscopists, the CNN was considered to have “detected” the SNADET.

RESULTS:
The trained CNN detected 94.7% (378 of 399) of SNADETs on an image basis (94% [280 of 298] of adenomas and 100% [101 of 101] of HGDs) and 100% on a tumor basis. The time needed for screening the 399 images containing SNADETs and all 1,080 images (including normal images) was 12 and 31 seconds, respectively.

DISCUSSION:
We used a novel algorithm to construct a CNN for detecting SNADETs in a short time.
Seabird Breeding Colonies in East and North Greenland: A Baseline
Authors: Boertmann David , Merkel Flemming , Gilg Olivier 
Published: March 2020

This paper presents the results of a number of aircraft- and boat-based surveys for seabird breeding colonies in East and North Greenland carried out in the period 2003 to 2018 and gives the first comprehensive overview of the distribution and size of the seabird breeding colonies in this remote and mainly uninhabited region. Seventeen seabird species breed in approximately 800 sites distributed very unevenly along the coasts, with high concentrations at the polynyas and long stretches with very few breeding seabirds. Climate changes are in full progress in East and North Greenland, especially affecting the sea ice regime, and seabirds are expected to respond to these changes in different ways. For example, since the 1980s, Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) have extended their breeding range more than two latitudinal degrees towards the north, now reaching the northernmost land on Earth. Lesser Black-backed Gulls (Larus fuscus) and Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) have immigrated, and Sabine’s Gulls (Xema sabini) have increased and extended their range. Besides presenting survey results, this report may also serve as a baseline for future studies of the abundance of breeding seabirds in East and North Greenland.
Urban Regimes in Russia’s Northern Cities: Testing a Concept in a New Environment
Authors: Laruelle Marlene 
Published: March 2020

At a time when urbanization represents a major trend in human history and when the majority of the world’s population lives in an urban environment, the urban regime theory, developed by Clarence Stone in the 1980s, offers an insightful framework for discussing how urban stakeholders are compelled to work together to achieve their goals. While research on urban regimes has historically focused mainly on democratic contexts, this article argues that it is time to use urban regime theory in authoritarian or semi-authoritarian countries in order to better understand how urban politics develop. With growing urban activism and huge territorial contrasts, Russia offers a good case study for testing the notion of “urban regime.” This article focuses on three cities in Russia’s Far North—Murmansk, Norilsk, and Yakutsk—that face common sustainability challenges in Arctic or subarctic conditions; it delves into the mechanisms of their urban regimes and categorizes them by type: instrumental, organic, and symbolic.
Observations of Annual Walrus (<i>Odobenus rosmarus divergens</i>) Migrations in the Nearshore Waters of the Chukotka Peninsula from 1990 to 2012
Authors: Melnikov Vladimir V. 
Published: March 2020

After the end of the commercial harvest, research regarding the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in Russia was reduced and focused on the observation of animals at land-based haul-outs. This paper presents the long-term observations of the distribution, relative abundance, and direction of seasonal movements of walruses in the offshore waters of the Chukotka Peninsula, based on data obtained in 1990 – 2012. Observations of Pacific walruses and other marine mammals were conducted mainly from April through November, but some were conducted all year round. In some years up to 30 Native Chukotkan observers were employed at this task. Some watched from observation posts in Native villages onshore, and others from motorboats during hunting trips. These observations have shown that walruses are rare in January and February in the nearshore waters of the Chukotka Peninsula. Their numbers begin to increase in March. The northward movement of walruses begins in April, and walruses migrate from the Bering Sea to the Chukchi Sea throughout the summer months and early autumn. Based on observations from posts located directly in front of the southern Bering Strait, I conclude that 106 – 1055 walruses pass through the Bering Strait from July to September, to the northwest and north. At the haul-outs in the Gulf of Anadyr, the relative number of walruses remains stable during the summer (up to 11 000 individuals at all haul-outs in total based on observers’ estimates) and decreases only with the appearance of ice in October – November.
Межстрановые различия в уровне счастья в постсоветских странах — сравнительный анализ
Authors: Андреенкова Анна Владимировна 
Published: March 2020

Межстрановые различия в субъективной оценке счастья в странах бывшего СССР (от 63% в Молдове до 96% в Узбекистане) уже более двадцати лет остаются довольно значительными, и объяснить их с помощью традиционной линейной социально-экономической модели не удается. Результаты четырех трендовых сравнительных исследований, включающих постсоветские страны (WVS, EVS, ISSP, ESS), показали, что на постсоветском пространстве образовались два кластера с разным механизмом формирования оценок счастья. В одном кластере, куда входят страны Средней Азии, Азербайджан и Армения, основное влияние на оценку счастья оказывают национально-культурные факторы, что в результате ведет к общему высокому уровню оценок, их низкой дифференцированности среди населения и слабой связи оценок счастья с реальными экономическими показателями и другими факторами уровня и качества жизни. В другой кластер входят страны восточноевропейской части региона и Грузия, где основную роль в объяснении межстрановых различий играют факторы социально-экономической среды — уровень экономического развития, свободы от коррупции, развития демократии и человеческого капитала. Таким образом, межстрановые различия в субъективной оценке счастья в постсоветском регионе в значительной степени объясняются различиями в факторах и механизмах формирования таких оценок в разных странах.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках работы над грантом Российского научного фонда № 18-18-00341 «Ценностная трансформация и субъективное качество жизни: региональная перспектива».
Phrase growth strategy in the European Union: Tax discrimination ended - foreign direct investors left
Authors: Ayvaz Güven Emine Türkan 
Published: March 2020

In this study, the relationship between average economic growth (GDP) and average foreign direct investments of Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg and Netherlands countries was investigated by using time series analysis and annual data of 2005-2018 period. Because, it was observed that these countries managed to attract foreign investments in different amounts to their countries by using the legal gaps in the European Union (EU) in this period and to continue their economic growth positively. These countries have also used the sovereign fields of other union member countries to reach the target, as well as their own geography. However, this method, which is claimed to be growth-oriented, has started to be discussed since 2013 and the activities regarding tax regulations have been examined by the European Commission. The argument that needs to be put forward today is whether these countries, which have been taken under surveillance by the European Commission, have gained foreign direct investment through non-legal means, which can be considered illegal in the last five years, and continue to contribute to their economic growth. It is beneficial to shed light on economic history with Regression and Granger Causality Analysis for the last fourteen years.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet

Bu çalışmada, Belçika, İrlanda, Lüksemburg ve Hollanda ülkelerine ait, ortalama ekonomik büyüme (GSYİH) ve ortalama doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar (DYY) arasındaki ilişki, zaman serisi analiziyle, 2005-2018 dönemi yıllık verileri kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Çünkü bu ülkelerin söz konusu dönemde Avrupa Birliği (AB) nezdindeki yasal boşlukları kullanmak suretiyle diğer üye ülkelere nazaran çok daha farklı tutarlarda yabancı yatırımı ülkelerine çekmeyi ve buna bağlı olarak da ekonomik büyümelerini pozitif yönlü sürdürebilmeyi başardıkları gözlemlenmiştir. Bahsedilen bu ülkeler aynı zamanda kendi coğrafyaları olduğu kadar, hedefe ulaşabilmek için diğer birlik üyesi ülkelerin egemenlik sahalarını da kullanmıştır. Ancak, büyüme odaklı olduğu iddia edilen bu yöntem 2013 yılından itibaren tartışılmaya başlamış ve Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu tarafından vergi düzenlemelerine ilişkin faaliyetler incelemeye alınmıştır. Günümüzde ortaya konulması gereken sav ise, Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu tarafından gözetim altına alınmış olan bu ülkelerin son beş yıllık süreçte illegal sayılabilecek yasal düzenleme dışı yollarla doğrudan yabancı yatırım elde edip, ekonomik büyümelerine katkı yapamaya devam edip etmedikleridir. Son on dört yıllık iktisadi maziye Regresyon ve Granger Nedensellik Analizleriyle ışık tutmakta büyük fayda bulunmaktadır.
A Contrastive Study of English and Igala Segmental Phonemes: Implications for ESL Teachers and Learners
Authors: Unubi Abraham Sunday 
Published: March 2020

This paper investigated a contrastive study of English and Igala segmental phonemes: implications for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers and learners. A contrastive analysis is a linguistic tool used in comparing two unrelated languages, and the main objective of it is to bring out the differences in the two languages compared with a view to emphasising on the effects which such differences have on both EFL teachers and learners. This research appealed only to the secondary sources of data, which included the orthographies of both languages under study. The Igala orthography was obtained from the department of Igala Language and Culture, Kogi State College of Education Ankpa, in addition to other material in Igala. The consonant and vowel phonemes of the two languages were placed contiguously in a tabular form and given appropriate heading to be able to observe their level of differences and similarities easily. Then words in which these phonemes occur in the Igala language were supplied and the phonemes indicated. Some of the findings of this research revealed the following: (i) that the consonant phonemes such as /ð/, /θ/, /s/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /v/ and /z/, and the vowel phonemes /ǝ/ and /ʌ/, which are present in English are however absent in Igala, just as /kp/, /gb/, /ny/, /kw/, /gw/ and /nw/ that are present in Igala are absent in English; (ii) English has twelve pure vowels (monophthongs) and eight diphthongs, while Igala has fourteen monophthongs and eleven diphthongs; (iii) that these differences have posed certain teaching and learning difficulties to both EFL teachers and learners who are native speakers of the Igala language; and (iv) that while English has twenty-four consonant phonemes, Igala has twenty-three.
A Remanufacturing Duopoly Game Based on a Piecewise Nonlinear Map: Analysis and Investigations
Authors: Askar S. S. , Al-khedhairi A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A remanufacturing Cournot duopoly game is introduced based on a nonlinear utility function in this paper. What we mean by remanufacturing here is that the second firm in this game receives used products and remanufacture them and then sell them again in the market. The bounded rationality mechanism is used to form a piecewise system that describes this game in discrete time periods. This piecewise system depends on five parameters and is defined on two regions separated by a border curve. The fixed points of this system in each region are calculated and their stability is discussed. Numerical simulations for this system exhibit the occurrence of different types of multiple attractors. We also give examples of different stable periodic cycles and chaotic attractors that are separated by the border curve or passing through it.
Deflation and tensor induction on the Frobenius–Wielandt morphism
Authors: Romero Nadia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We explore conditions for the Frobenius–Wielandt morphism to commute with the operations of deflation and tensor induction on the Burnside ring.
In doing this, we review the commutativity with induction.
The techniques used for induction and tensor induction no longer work for deflation, so, in this case, we make use of tools coming from the theory of biset functors.
Existence of optimal controls for systems of controlled forward-backward doubly SDEs
Authors: Ninouh Abdelhakim , Gherbal Boulakhras , Berrouis Nassima 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe wish to study a class of optimal controls for problems governed by forward-backward doubly stochastic differential equations (FBDSDEs). Firstly, we prove existence of optimal relaxed controls, which are measure-valued processes for nonlinear FBDSDEs, by using some tightness properties and weak convergence techniques on the space of Skorokhod{\mathbb{D}}equipped with theS-topology of Jakubowski. Moreover, when the Roxin-type convexity condition is fulfilled, we prove that the optimal relaxed control is in fact strict. Secondly, we prove the existence of a strong optimal controls for a linear forward-backward doubly SDEs. Furthermore, we establish necessary as well as sufficient optimality conditions for a control problem of this kind of systems. This is the first theorem of existence of optimal controls that covers the forward-backward doubly systems.