bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A large-scale estimate on the relationship between language and motor lateralization
Authors: Packheiser Julian , Schmitz Judith , Arning Larissa , Beste Christian , Güntürkün Onur , Ocklenburg Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHuman language is dominantly processed in the left cerebral hemisphere in most of the population. While several studies have suggested that there are higher rates of atypical right-hemispheric language lateralization in left-/mixed-handers, an accurate estimate of this association from a large sample is still missing. In this study, we comprised data from 1,554 individuals sampled in three previous studies in which language lateralization measured via dichotic listening, handedness and footedness were assessed. Overall, we found a right ear advantage indicating typical left-hemispheric language lateralization in 82.1% of the participants. While we found significantly more left-handed individuals with atypical language lateralization on the categorical level, we only detected a very weak positive correlation between dichotic listening lateralization quotients (LQs) and handedness LQs using continuous measures. Here, only 0.4% of the variance in language lateralization were explained by handedness. We complemented these analyses with Bayesian statistics and found no evidence in favor of the hypothesis that language lateralization and handedness are related. Footedness LQs were not correlated with dichotic listening LQs, but individuals with atypical language lateralization also exhibited higher rates of atypical footedness on the categorical level. We also found differences in the extent of language lateralization between males and females with males exhibiting higher dichotic listening LQs indicating more left-hemispheric language processing. Overall, these findings indicate that the direct associations between language lateralization and motor asymmetries are much weaker than previously assumed with Bayesian correlation analyses even suggesting that they do not exist at all. Furthermore, sex differences seem to be present in language lateralization when the power of the study is adequate suggesting that endocrinological processes might influence this phenotype.
A new novel method for assessing intracranial pressure using non-invasive fundus images: a pilot study
Authors: Andersen Mikkel Schou , Pedersen Christian Bonde , Poulsen Frantz Rom 
Published: August 2020

AbstractArteriole and venule diameter ratio (A/V-ratio) can be measured using fundus photography. In this pilot study, we correlated changes in the intracranial pressure with the diameter of vessels of the retina. We investigated whether increased intracranial pressure (ICP) was reflected in a measurable and quantifiable distention of the venule diameter, leading to a decreased A/V-ratio. This was demonstrated by assessment of the A/V-ratio in patients already undergoing conventional ICP monitoring with a cerebral intraparenchymal pressure monitor. Our method shows a correlation between A/V ratio and ICP and suggests an easily obtainable and usable point-of-care (POC), non-invasive method to estimate the intracranial pressure without the necessity of mydriatic drugs. Furthermore, the sensitivity/specificity analysis with a cut-off of < 0.8015 A/V-ratio, showed a sensitivity of 94% [85–98%] and a specificity of 50% [34–66%] with a positive likelihood ratio of 9.0. This means that in a clinical setting there is a 94% chance of correctly identifying individuals with ICP ≥ 20 mmHg.
Central recirculation zone induced by the DBD plasma actuation
Authors: Li Gang , Jiang Xi , Lei Zhijun , Liu Cunxi , Yang Jinhu , Xu Yanji , Xu Gang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCentral recirculation zone (CRZ) is commonly formed in the near field of the injector exit by the vane swirler and used to stabilize the flame. In our experiment, a CRZ induced by the DBD plasma actuation was observed in the low swirl burner configuration for the first time, which clearly demonstrated that the mechanism of the combustion control by the plasma swirler is mainly through the aerodynamic effect. Three dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) actuators are placed in a circular array around the axis to generate ionic wind in the circumferential direction of the injector. Characteristics of the flow field have been measured using Laser Doppler Anemometry. It is found that a central recirculation zone with the shape of an ellipsoid is formed in the non-reacting flow field with the plasma actuation. The position of the upstream stagnation point was determined by the strength of the actuation. Although the CRZ disappears in the reacting flow field as the result of combustion heat release, the influence of the discharge on the flame lift-off height is noticeable. The results demonstrate that swirl enhancement by the plasma swirler is feasible, flexible and effective as a non-intrusive measure for flow control.
Vaginal microbiota, genital inflammation, and neoplasia impact immune checkpoint protein profiles in the cervicovaginal microenvironment
Authors: Łaniewski Paweł , Cui Haiyan , Roe Denise J. , Chase Dana M. , Herbst-Kralovetz Melissa M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that the vaginal microbiota play a role in HPV persistence and cervical neoplasia development and progression. Here we examine a broad range of immune checkpoint proteins in the cervicovaginal microenvironment across cervical carcinogenesis and explore relationships among these key immunoregulatory proteins, the microbiota composition, and genital inflammation. First, we demonstrate that immune checkpoint molecules can be measured in cervicovaginal lavages. Secondly, we identify CD40, CD27, and TIM-3 to specifically discriminate cervical cancer from other groups and CD40, CD28, and TLR2 to positively correlate to genital inflammation. Finally, PD-L1 and LAG-3 levels negatively, whereas TLR2 positively correlate to health-associated Lactobacillus dominance. Overall, our study identifies immune checkpoint signatures associated with cervical neoplasm and illuminates the multifaceted microbiota-host immunity network in the local microenvironment. This study provides a foundation for future mechanistic studies and highlights the utility of cervicovaginal lavage profiling for predicting and monitoring response to cancer therapy.
Bioinformatics method combined with logistic regression analysis reveal potentially important miRNAs in ischemic stroke
Authors: Wei Zhiqiang , Qi Xingdi , Chen Yan , Xia Xiaoshuang , Zheng Boyu , Sun Xugang , Zhang Guangming , Wang Ling , Zhang Qi , Xu Chen , Jiang Shihe , Li Xiulian , Xie Bingxin , Liao Xiaohui , Zhu Ai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the comprehensive differential expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) by screening for miRNA expression in ischemic stroke and normal samples.
Methods: Differentially expressed miRNA (DEM) analysis was conducted using limma R Bioconductor package. Target genes of DEMs were identified from TargetScanHuman and miRTarBase databases. Functional enrichment analysis of the target genes was performed using clusterProfiler R Bioconductor package. The miRNA-based ischemic stroke diagnostic signature was constructed via logistic regression analysis.
Results: Compared with the normal cohort, a total of 14 DEMs, including 5 up-regulated miRNAs and 9 down-regulated miRNAs, were identified in ischemic stroke patients. These DEMs have 1600 regulatory targets. Using a logistic regression model, the top five miRNAs were screened for constructing an miRNA-based ischemic stroke diagnostic signature. Using the miRNA–mRNA interaction pairs, two target genes (specificity protein 1 (SP1) and Argonaute 1 (AGO1)) were speculated to be the primary genes of ischemic stroke.
Discussion and conclusion: Here, several potential miRNAs biomarkers were identified and an miRNA-based diagnostic signature for ischemic stroke was established, which can be a valuable reference for future clinical researches.
Pebbles versus planetesimals
Authors: Brügger N. , Burn R. , Coleman G. A. L. , Alibert Y. , Benz W. 
Published: August 2020

Context. In the core accretion scenario of giant planet formation, a massive core forms first and then accretes a gaseous envelope. In the discussion of how this core forms, some divergences appear. The first scenarios of planet formation predict the accretion of kilometre-sized bodies called planetesimals, while more recent works suggest growth by the accretion of pebbles, which are centimetre-sized objects.
Aims. These two accretion models are often discussed separately and our aim here is to compare the outcomes of the two models with identical initial conditions.
Methods. The comparison is done using two distinct codes, one that computes the planetesimal accretion and the other the pebble accretion. All the other components of the simulated planet growth are computed identically in the two models: the disc, the accretion of gas, and the migration. Using a population synthesis approach, we compare planet simulations and study the impact of the two solid accretion models, focusing on the formation of single planets.
Results. We find that the outcomes of the populations are strongly influenced by the accretion model. The planetesimal model predicts the formation of more giant planets, while the pebble accretion model forms more super-Earth-mass planets. This is due to the pebble isolation mass (Miso) concept, which prevents planets formed by pebble accretion to accrete gas efficiently before reaching Miso. This translates into a population of planets that are not heavy enough to accrete a consequent envelope, but that are in a mass range where type I migration is very efficient. We also find higher gas mass fractions for a given core mass for the pebble model compared to the planetesimal model, caused by luminosity differences. This also implies planets with lower densities, which could be confirmed observationally.
Conclusions. We conclude that the two models produce different outputs. Focusing on giant planets, the sensitivity of their formation differs: for the pebble accretion model, the time at which the embryos are formed and the period over which solids are accreted strongly impact the results, while the population of giant planets formed by planetesimal accretion depends on the planetesimal size and on the splitting in the amount of solids available to form planetesimals.
Solving the problem of optimal design for a two-stage reducer by using a modified evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Ustynenko Oleksandr , Bondarenko Oleksiy , Serykov Volodymyr 
Published: August 2020

The work is devoted to solving the problem of selecting optimal geometric parameters of gears of a two-stage cylindrical reducer using a modified evolutionary algorithm (EA).
The statement of the problem is considered, design parameters, objective functions, limitations on design parameters are determined. This allowed us to propose a modification of EA. To generate the initial test points, it was proposed to use the LP-τ sequence, this allowed us to reduce the initial population of test points and bring EA closer to a truly “random” process.
The scheme of the proposed algorithm is considered, which gives an idea of the sequence of operations that are carried out with populations of test points at each stage of the evolutionary process.
The solution of the specific problem of selecting optimal parameters for a serial reducer is given. The input data, numerical and functional limitations are determined, the objective functions are formed. The results of the solution are shown in several presentation formats: tabular and graphical, which allows to qualitatively interpret and analyze the results.
Conclusions are made about testing the proposed algorithm for solving a specific problem of optimal design. Further ways of improving this methodology are proposed.
Indications of Okoubaka aubrevillei in oncological supportive care
Authors: MD Jean-Lionel Bagot 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Ende des letzten Jahrhunderts entdeckte Okoubaka-aubrevillei-Stamm ist in homöopathischen Kreisen immer noch unzureichend bekannt. Ursprünglich bei der Behandlung von Lebensmittelvergiftungen angezeigt, ist seine Verwendung in der begleitenden onkologischen Behandlung neu. Die Synthese verschiedener existierender Prüfungen ermöglichte es uns, eine Materia medica für Okoubaka zusammenzustellen, in der es ähnliche Symptome zu Nux vomica und Arsenicum album zeigt. Die Ätiologie „nach einer Vergiftung“ und die Nähe zum Verdauungssystem haben uns in den letzten 10 Jahren veranlasst, es zur Verhinderung von chemotherapeutischen Nebenwirkungen zu verwenden. Wir haben es kurz vor und während jeder Chemotherapie bei ca. 1000 Patienten eingesetzt. Unsere klinische Erfahrung bestätigt die onkologische Indikation zur Vorbeugung der gastroenterologischen Toxizität einer Chemotherapie, wie Übelkeit oder Durchfall. Die Veröffentlichung klinischer Fälle oder sogar klinischer Studien sollte es ermöglichen, die Verwendung in der Onkologie zu spezifizieren.
Materiovigilance: Concept, Structure and Emerging Perspective for Patient’s Safety in India
Authors: Hoda Farazul , Verma Rishabh , Arshad Mawrah , Siddiqui Ali Nasir , Khan Mohammad Ahmed , Akhtar Mohammad , Najmi Abul Kalam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThere has been an escalation in the number, diversity, and complexity of medical devices. Regulation of these devices has also advanced due to the requirement of better regulatory perspective induced due to elevation in the number of adverse events associated with medical devices. All over the globe, various measures are undertaken to provide better safety to the patients along with attempts to improve the standard of medical devices. The initial and ultimate objective of the concept happens to be unfailingly to ensure patient safety as well as impart required guidance for both manufacturers and adept authorities enabling them to superintend cases coherently and appropriately. Materiovigilance programme of India (MvPI) was launched by the Drug Controller General of India at the Indian Pharmacopoeia commission (IPC) in Ghaziabad in 2015. The main purpose of this initiative is to monitor adverse events associated with medical devices in order to generate safety data, create awareness among the various stakeholders, and prescribe best practices for patient safety. Whilst the reforms in regulations have proposed policies and designs to elucidate, consolidate and accelerate the processes involved in manufacturing and importing medical devices to India, they consistently carry their challenges and limitations. To eliminate such complications the guidelines and regulations are anticipated to be implemented appropriately with the efficacious conclusion. India has been evident in matching with advancements in the World Medical Device regulation scenario, the current review at hand takes upon the question of ‘how successful has it been so far’?
A Comprehensive Review on Physiological Effects of Curcumin
Authors: Ahsan Rabiya , Arshad Md , Khushtar Mohammad , Ahmad Mohd Afroz , Muazzam Mohammad , Akhter Md Sohel , Gupta Gudiya , Muzahid Mohd 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTurmeric (Curcuma longa Linn) is an herbal medicine which is traditionally used as a spice, food colouring or flavouring agent and widely used for several diseases such as biliary disorders, cough, hepatic disorders, rheumatism, wound healing, sinusitis, diabetes, cardiac disorders and neurological disorder. It belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Turmeric is a popular domicile remedy used in Indian food, is mainly a native of south-east Asia, is widely cultivated in India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, China, Jamaica , Peru, Haiti and Taiwan and it is very less expensive. Curcumin is the main principle of turmeric. Curcumin has shown various biological properties pre-clinically and clinically. Curcumin is a highly pleiotropic molecule which can be modulators of various intracellular signalling pathways that maintain cell growth. It has been reported as anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, wound healing, anti-cancer, anti-Alzheimer and anti-arthritis and possesses an excellent safety profile. All previous review articles on curcumin have collected the biological/pharmacological activities but this review article summarises the most interesting in vitro and in vivo studies of curcumin on most running diseases around the whole world.
Prognostic Factors and Survival in Resected T4 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Is There Any Difference in the T4 Subgroups?
Authors: Aksoy Yunus , Citak Necati , Obuz Cigdem , Acikmese Baris , Pekcolaklar Atilla , Metin Muzaffer , Sayar Adnan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction The eighth edition of the TNM classification revised the subgroups of T4 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to compare the T4-NSCLC subgroups that underwent surgical treatment in terms of mortality, morbidity, survival, and prognostic factors based on the new classification.
Materials and Methods Between 2000 and 2014, a total of 284 T4-NSCLC patients who underwent lung resection (mediastinal organ invasion, n = 114; ipsilateral different lobe tumors, n = 32; and tumors larger than 7 cm, n = 138) were included in the present study.
Results Surgical mortality and morbidity were 5.6% (n = 16) and 23.9% (n = 68), respectively. The 5-year survival rates were 46% for ipsilateral different lobe tumors, 45.4% for tumours larger than 7 cm, and 36.6% for mediastinal organ invasion (28% for patients with heart/atrium invasion, 43.3% for carina invasion, 37.5% for large vessel invasion) (p = 0.223). Age above 65 (p = 0.002, HR = 1.781), pN2 versus pN0/1 (p < 0.0001, HR = 2.564), incomplete resection (p = 0.003, HR = 2.297), and pneumonectomy (p = 0.02, HR = 1.524) were identified as poor prognostic survival factors. According to multivariate analysis, mediastinal lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001) and incomplete resection (p = 0.0026) were the independent negative risk factors for survival.
Conclusion According to the results of our study, surgical treatment is a good option in T4-NSCLC patients who have no mediastinal lymph node metastasis and are completely resectable. There is no difference in terms of survival among the T4 subgroups. The eighth edition of the TNM classification has a better prognostic definition than the previous version.
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of von Willebrand Factor Activity in von Willebrand Disease Patients after Desmopressin Administration
Authors: de Jager Nico C. B. , Heijdra Jessica M. , Kieboom Quincy , Kruip Marieke J. H. A. , Leebeek Frank W. G. , Cnossen Marjon H. , Mathôt Ron A. A. ,   for the OPTI-CLOT Group
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjective Most von Willebrand disease (VWD) patients can be treated with desmopressin during bleeding or surgery. Large interpatient variability is observed in von Willebrand factor (VWF) activity levels after desmopressin administration. The aim of this study was to develop a pharmacokinetic (PK) model to describe, quantify, and explain this variability.Methods Patients with either VWD or low VWF, receiving an intravenous desmopressin test dose of 0.3 µg kg−1, were included. A PK model was derived on the basis of the individual time profiles of VWF activity. Since no VWF was administered, the VWF dose was arbitrarily set to unity. Interpatient variability in bioavailability (F), volume of distribution (V), and clearance (Cl) was estimated.Results The PK model was developed using 951 VWF activity level measurements from 207 patients diagnosed with a VWD type. Median age was 28 years (range: 5–76), median predose VWF activity was 0.37 IU/mL (range: 0.06–1.13), and median VWF activity response at peak level was 0.64 IU/mL (range: 0.04–4.04). The observed PK profiles were best described using a one-compartment model with allometric scaling. While F increased with age, Cl was dependent on VWD type and sex. Inclusion resulted in a drop in interpatient variability in F and Cl of 81.7 to 60.5% and 92.8 to 76.5%, respectively.Conclusion A PK model was developed, describing VWF activity versus time profile after desmopressin administration in patients with VWD or low VWF. Interpatient variability in response was quantified and partially explained. This model is a starting point toward more accurate prediction of desmopressin dosing effects in VWD.
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations
Authors: Peñuelas Óscar , Frutos-Vivar Fernando , Mancebo Jordi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) continues to be an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs worldwide. Although there exist some heterogeneity between patients, the course of COPD is characterized by recurrent acute exacerbations, which are among the most common causes of medical admission to hospital. Patients with frequent exacerbations have accelerated lung function decline, worse quality of life, and greater mortality. Therefore, interest is growing in assessing the effectiveness of interventions used to treat exacerbations. The present review summarizes the current evidence regarding the use of ventilatory management to treat COPD and the implementation of novel cost-effective strategies, such as high-flow oxygenation or extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal to improve clinical outcomes and functional recovery in this disease and to reduce the associated costs.
Eggstraordinary artefacts: decorated ostrich eggs in the ancient Mediterranean world
Authors: Hodos Tamar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDecorated ostrich eggs were luxury items in antiquity. They were engraved, painted, and embellished with ivory, precious metals and faience fittings. They have been found primarily in elite funerary contexts from Mesopotamia and the Levant to the wider Mediterranean throughout the region’s Bronze and Iron Ages (third-first millennia BCE). Most scholarship has assessed their iconography to determine craftsman origin, equating decorative style with cultural identity. This is tenuous at best, given how readily motifs can be copied or adapted, and especially challenging for periods in which artisans were reliant on royal/elite patronage and known to migrate between regions, as during these eras. Furthermore, the full extent of the roles of non-elites in the production and distribution of these elite artefacts has never been considered directly. Thus, the role these luxuries played as social actors across a spectrum of society has been overlooked. It is this aspect that the present work addresses. It does so by building upon a recently concluded study that has used isotopic analyses and scanning electron microscopy to assess where and how eggs were acquired in the ancient Mediterranean and the working techniques used to decorate them. The results allow us to consider the role these objects played as social actors upon more than just their elite consumers. This suggests that, as scholars, we must adopt different questions, methodologies, and thus perspectives, to recognise the wider social effects of luxury material culture and its impact upon diverse groups and individuals beyond wealthy consumers.