bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shear Wave Speed of Shallow Seafloor Sediments in the Northern South China Sea and Their Correlations With Physical Parameters
Authors: Kan Guangming , Cao Guolin , Wang Jingqiang , Li Guanbao , Liu Baohua , Meng Xiangmei , Meng Qingsheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, shear wave speed and related physical properties were measured for 21 seafloor sediment cores collected in the northern South China Sea. Results reveal that the shear wave speed in this study area ranges between 15.57 and 75.55 m/s and demonstrates a pattern of regional distribution. The sediment in the continental shelf area shows characteristics of high shear wave speed, high wet bulk density, low porosity, and large grain size. Contrarily, the sediment in the continental slope area exhibits characteristics of low shear wave speed, low wet bulk density, high porosity, and fine particles. Accordingly, the correlation between shear wave speed and physical properties such as porosity, wet bulk density, water content, and average grain size was studied. Prediction formulas of shear wave speed of sediments in this study area containing single and double physical parameters were established via regression analysis. The comparison between single‐parameter and double‐parameter prediction formulas indicates that the determined coefficient of the double‐parameter prediction formulas based on porosity and average grain size is higher than that of single‐parameter prediction formulas. It indicates that the double‐parameter prediction formulas based on porosity and average grain size have better prediction performance. Moreover, the prediction formulas established in this study were further compared with those of other study areas, and their differences were analyzed accordingly.
A Reliability Budget Analysis of CESM‐DART
Authors: Eliashiv Jonathan , Subramanian Aneesh C. , Miller Arthur J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA reliability budget is used to diagnose potential sources of error (departure from observations) in a new prototype coupled ocean‐atmosphere ensemble Kalman filter reanalysis product, the Community Earth System Model using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (CESM‐DART). In areas with sufficient observations, the mean bias in zonal wind was generally very low compared to the spread due to ensemble variance, which did not exhibit patterns associated with Northern Hemisphere jet streams but did have regional enhancement over the Maritime Continent. However, the residual term was often the largest contributor to the budget, which is problematic, suggesting improper observational error statistics and inadequately represented ensemble variance statistics. The departure and residual exhibit significant seasonal variability, with a strong peak in boreal winter months, indicating the model's deficiencies during the energetic Northern Hemisphere winter. Ocean temperature contained large error in areas with eddy production indicating inadequate ensemble variance due to poor model resolution. Periods when the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) was active exhibited lower error, especially in the western equatorial Pacific during MJO phases with reduced convection. In contrast, during MJO phases with enhanced convection in that region, the ensemble variance is increased yet the error is comparable to non‐MJO conditions, suggesting a controlling effect of the precipitation parameterization. Further studies evaluating the impact of the coupled assimilation procedure on the reliability budget will be illuminating.
Self‐Aggregation of Convection in Spatially Varying Sea Surface Temperatures
Authors: Müller Sebastian K. , Hohenegger Cathy 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe phenomenon of self‐aggregation of convection was first identified in convection‐permitting simulations of radiative convective equilibrium, characterized by homogeneous boundary conditions and in the absence of planetary rotation. In this study, we expose self‐aggregation of convection to more complex, nonhomogeneous boundary conditions and investigate its interaction with convective aggregation, as forced by large‐scale variations in sea surface temperatures (SSTs). We do this by conducting radiative convective equilibrium simulations on a spherical domain, with SST patterns that are zonally homogeneous but meridionally varying. Due to the meridional contrast in SST, a convergence line first forms, mimicking the Intertropical Convergence Zone. We nevertheless find that the convergence line breaks up and contracts zonally as a result of the self‐aggregation of convection. The contraction is significant, being here more than 50% of the original extent. The stability of the convergence line is controlled by the strength of the meridional circulation, which depends upon the imposed SST contrast. However, the process of self‐aggregation, once it is initiated, is insensitive to the strength of the SST contrast. The zonal contraction is accompanied by a slight meridional expansion and a moistening of the high latitudes, where SSTs are low. The moistening of the high latitudes can be understood from the fact that the convective cluster intensifies and expands its moist meridional low‐level outflow when it self‐aggregates zonally. Overall, our results suggest that the Intertropical Convergence Zone may be unstable to the self‐aggregation of convection, that self‐aggregation may serve as a precursor to the formation of atmospheric rivers, and that longer convergence lines are more likely to exist in regimes with strong SST gradients.
Neighboring Column Approximation—An Improved 3D Thermal Radiative Transfer Approximation for Non‐Rectangular Grids
Authors: Klinger Carolin , Mayer Bernhard 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe present a significantly improved version of the Neighboring Column Approximation (NCA 2.0), a fast 3D approximation for the calculation of thermal heating and cooling rates in cloudy atmospheres for large eddy simulation models. The method can now be used on non‐rectangular grids, and the heating rate bias in cloudy atmospheres is substantially reduced compared to a 1D solution and the original version of the NCA (NCA 1.0). For different cloud fields the bias is in the range of
5–30% in the 1D case and
2–7% for the NCA 2.0. The calculation of 3D radiative transfer quantities requires horizontal transport of radiation which causes difficulties in the parallelization of numerical models and is computationally expensive. The NCA overcomes this problem and can calculate 3D thermal heating rates at the expense of only a factor 1.5 to 2 higher compared to a 1D radiative transfer approximation. The method uses the fluxes calculated by a 1D radiation scheme and estimates horizontal fluxes using results from neighboring columns. For the estimation of the heating rates from the before estimated fluxes pre‐calculated lookup tables of emissivities are used. For the calculation of the heating rates we neglect scattering (independent of the fact if the incoming fluxes consider scattering or not). Inconsistencies made by assumptions for the method are corrected by a correction factor.
Safety of bloodless autologous stem cell transplantation in Jehovah's Witness patients
Authors: Beck Alyssa , Lin Robert , Reza Rejali Ali , Rubens Muni , Paquette Ronald , Vescio Robert , Merin Noah , Guerrero Margarita , Federizo Yvette , Lua Michelle , Uy Leticia , Hernandez Lorraine , Allred Mohana , Legaspi Ronald , Leaverton Melissa , Oliva Sara , Castillo Rhona , Dean Lorna , Bourke Jennifer , Cooper Sara , Gharapetian Seda , Causin Jose , Lopiccolo Christopher , Ann Snoussi Laura , VanStrien Patricia , Lill Michael , Linhares Yuliya P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDue to the curative potential and improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is considered the standard of care for several hematologic malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, and lymphomas. ASCT typically involves support with blood product transfusion. Thus, difficulties arise when Jehovah’s Witness patients refuse blood transfusions. In order to demonstrate the safety of performing “bloodless” ASCT (BL-ASCT), we performed a retrospective analysis of 66 Jehovah's Witnesses patients who underwent BL-ASCT and 1114 non-Jehovah’s Witness patients who underwent transfusion-supported ASCT (TF-ASCT) at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center between January 2000 and September 2018. Survival was compared between the two groups. Transplant-related complications, mortality, engraftment time, length of hospital stay, and number of ICU transfers were characterized for the BL-ASCT group. One year survival was found to be 87.9% for both groups (P = 0.92). In the BL-ASCT group, there was one death prior to the 30 days post transplant due to CNS hemorrhage, and one death prior to 100 days due to sepsis. Based on our data, BL-ASCT can be safely performed with appropriate supportive measures, and we encourage community oncologists to promptly refer JW patients for transplant evaluation when ASCT is indicated.
Development and mixed-methods evaluation of an online animation for young people about genome sequencing
Authors: Lewis Celine , Sanderson Saskia C. , Hammond Jennifer , Hill Melissa , Searle Beverly , Hunter Amy , Patch Christine , Chitty Lyn S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChildren and young people with rare and inherited diseases will be significant beneficiaries of genome sequencing. However, most educational resources are developed for adults. To address this gap in informational resources, we have co-designed, developed and evaluated an educational resource about genome sequencing for young people. The first animation explains what a genome is, genomic variation and genome sequencing (“My Genome Sequence”: http://bit.ly/mygenomesequence), the second focuses on the limitations and uncertainties of genome sequencing (“My Genome Sequence part 2”: http://bit.ly/mygenomesequence2). In total, 554 school pupils (11–15 years) took part in the quantitative evaluation. Mean objective knowledge increased from before to after watching one or both animations (4.24 vs 7.60 respectively; t = 32.16, p < 0.001). Self-rated awareness and understanding of the words ‘genome’ and ‘genome sequencing’ increased significantly after watching the animation. Most pupils felt they understood the benefits of sequencing after watching one (75.4%) or both animations (76.6%). Only 17.3% felt they understood the limitations and uncertainties after watching the first, however this was higher among those watching both (58.5%, p < 0.001). Twelve young people, 14 parents and 3 health professionals consenting in the 100,000 Genomes Project reported that the animation was clear and engaging, eased concerns about the process and empowered young people to take an active role in decision-making. To increase accessibility, subtitles in other languages could be added, and the script could be made available in a leaflet format for those that do not have internet access. Future research could focus on formally evaluating the animations in a clinical setting.
miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p synergistically modulate RHOA signaling in the carcinogenesis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Fan Xiang-da , Luo Yan , Wang Jun , An Ning 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: miRs family members are often thought to have extensively overlapping targets and synergistically to modulate target gene expression via post-transcriptional repression. The present study was to determine whether miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p synergistically collaborated to regulate RHOA signaling in the carcinogenesis of thyroid cancer. Materials and methods: Candidate miRs were filtrated using miR microarray assays. Gene and protein expression levels were analyzed using RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell growth was evaluated using CCK8 assays and nude-mouse transplanted tumor experiments. Cell apoptosis was detected using Annexin V-FITC double staining. Results: miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p were significantly decreased in 63 thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines compared with those in paired non-tumor tissues and normal thyroid follicular epithelial cells. Low expression levels of miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p significantly correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and shorter overall survival in patients with thyroid cancer. Furthermore, the protein expression of RHOA was significantly inversely correlated with miR-154-3p (r = −0.404; P = 0.001) and miR-487-3p (r = −0.456; P &lt; 0.001) expression in thyroid cancer tissues. We experimentally validated that miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p synergistically blocked thyroid cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. However, the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of miR-154-3p/487-3p were neutralized by RHOA overexpressed vectors. Conclusions: Our present findings expounded a novel signal cascade employing miR-154-3p/487-3p and RHOA to fine-tune thyroid cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. We corroborated that suppression of RHOA by miR-154-3p/487-3p may be a valuable therapeutic target for impeding thyroid cancer progression.
Selective Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds via (Asymmetric) Transfer Hydrogenation on Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Baráth Eszter 
Published: January 2020

Based on the ever-increasing demand for optically pure compounds, the development of efficient methods to produce such products is very important. Homogeneous asymmetric catalysis occupies a prominent position in the ranking of chemical transformations, with transition metals coordinated to chiral ligands being applied extensively for this purpose. However, heterogeneous catalysts have the ability to further extend the field of asymmetric transformations, because of their beneficial properties such as high stability, ease of separation and regeneration, and the possibility to apply them in continuous processes. The main challenge is to find potential synthetic routes that can provide a chemically and thermally stable heterogeneous catalyst having the necessary chiral information, whilst keeping the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity equally high (or even higher) than the corresponding homogeneous counterpart. Within this short review, the most relevant immobilization modes and preparative strategies depending on the support material used are summarized. From the reaction scope viewpoint, metal catalysts supported on the various solid materials studied in (asymmetric) transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds are selected and represent the main focus of the second part of this overview.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Chiral Heterogeneous Catalysts2.1	Immobilization of Homogeneous Asymmetric Catalysts2.1.1	Immobilization on Inorganic Supports2.1.2	Immobilization on Organic Polymers as Supports2.1.3	Immobilization on Dendrimer-Type Materials as Supports2.1.4	Self-Supported Chiral Catalysts: Coordination Polymers2.1.5	Immobilization Using Non-Conventional Media2.2	Chirally Modified Metal Surfaces for Heterogeneous Asymmetric Catalysis3	Examples of Transfer Hydrogenation on Heterogeneous Catalysts3.1	Silicon-Immobilized Catalysts3.2	Carbon-Material-Immobilized Catalysts3.3	Polymer-Immobilized Catalysts3.4	Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Immobilized Catalysts4	Conclusions
Identification of a transcriptional regulator for oligotrophy-responsive promoter in Rhodococcus erythropolis N9T-4
Authors: Ikegaya Ryoji , Shintani Masaki , Kimbara Kazuhide , Fukuda Masao , Yoshida Nobuyuki 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Two genes, aldA, and mnoA, encoding an NAD-dependent aliphatic dehydrogenase and N,N′-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline-dependent methanol dehydrogenase, respectively, are strongly expressed when Rhodococcus erythropolis N9T-4 is grown under oligotrophic conditions. In this study, we found a transcriptional regulator required for the transcription of both aldA and mnoA. The transcriptional regulator was also found to be essential for the oligotrophic growth of N9T-4.
Analytic response relativistic coupled-cluster theory: the first application to indium isotope shifts
Authors: Sahoo B K , Vernon A R , Garcia Ruiz R F , Binnersley C L , Billowes J , Bissell M L , Cocolios T E , Farooq-Smith G J , Flanagan K T , Gins W , de Groote R P , Koszorús Á , Neyens G , Lynch K M , Parnefjord-Gustafsson F , Ricketts C M , Wendt K D A , Wilkins S G , Yang X F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
With increasing demand for accurate calculation of isotope shifts of atomic systems for fundamental and nuclear structure research, an analytic energy derivative approach is presented in the relativistic coupled-cluster (CC) theory framework to determine the atomic field shift and mass shift (MS) factors. This approach allows the determination of expectation values of atomic operators, overcoming fundamental problems that are present in existing atomic physics methods, i.e. it satisfies the Hellmann–Feynman theorem, does not involve any non-terminating series, and is free from choice of any perturbative parameter. As a proof of concept, the developed analytic response relativistic CC theory has been applied to determine MS and field shift factors for different atomic states of indium. High-precision isotope-shift measurements of

104
−
127

In were performed in the 246.8 nm (5p 2P3/2

→

9s 2S1/2) and 246.0 nm (5p 2P1/2

→

8s 2S1/2) transitions to test our theoretical results. An excellent agreement between the theoretical and measured values is found, which is known to be challenging in multi-electron atoms. The calculated atomic factors allowed an accurate determination of the nuclear charge radii of the ground and isomeric states of the

104
−
127

In isotopes, providing an isotone-independent comparison of the absolute charge radii.
The study of vortexes based on the multi colored particle image velocimetry technique
Authors: Usmanova S S , Skornyakova N M , Anikeev A V , Evtikhieva O A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper is concerned with a prospective method of qualitative and qualitative diagnostic technique – multi colored particle image velocimetry. The method proposed relies on illuminating of the studied flow by three laser planes with different wavelengths. The advantages of applying the technique in practice to investigate various flows have described. An efficiency verification of multi colored particle image velocimetry method to study vortex structures has been conducted. An experimental setup has assembled and an algorithm of the recorde images processing procedure has been developed. To assess the quality of MPIV measurements the experimental images have been compared with the computer model.
Application of computer vision and deep learning for flame monitoring and combustion anomaly detection
Authors: Abdurakipov S , Butakov E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper is devoted to study combustion of pulverized coal in a 5 MW thermal furnace with tangential scroll supply of coal-air suspension and cylindrical reaction chamber. Deep learning approaches were used to monitor the combustion of a coal flame in a furnace and to determine combustion anomalies from flame images. We have developed a deep neural network autoencoder, which is a combination of convolutional layers, fully-connected layers and upsampling layers. The autoencoder was trained to reconstruct the combustion regimes that corresponded to high values of the coefficient of excess air. The trained autoencoder was then used to identify abnormal burning regimes with a lower excess air ratio, in which there is an increase in the amount of unburned coal dust. The best classification model had AUC ROC quality metric value on a test image sample AUC ROC = 0.8. The average precision of the model was 77% and the average recall was 66%. The metrics obtained is limited by the quality of the image labeling due to poorly controlled experimental conditions. The paper concluded that the use of upsampling with convolutional layers show themselves better than the deconvolutional layers, and the combination of convolutional layers with fully-connected layers constitutes the optimal architecture of the model.
The experimental investigation of water spray disperse parameters behind the water injecting system at the aircraft engine inlet by applying PSV
Authors: Loginova A A , Chelebyan O G , Mineev B I , Vasilyev A Yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To provide an aircraft engine certification tests for water ingestion, it is necessary to control accurately the parameters of the water drops generated by the water injecting device simulating rain at the engine inlet. The paper presents the results of autonomous tests of a single-channel centrifugal nozzle for the water injecting device. The tests purpose is to investigate the disperse parameters of the water spray for the typical operation modes of the nozzle as a part of the water injecting system. Tests were carried out at the experimental setup using the PSV (Particle Shadow Velocimetry) technique at three typical nozzle operation modes. As a result of the tests, the distribution graphs of the D
10, D
32 and Dv
50 diameters, axial velocity (U) and mass flow (M
abs) of water droplets over the radius of the spray pattern have been obtained. To assess Dv
50 mean median diameter of spray droplets the cumulative distribution functions of the droplets mass fraction depending on the size for each of the operation modes of the nozzle have been plotted. On the basis of these functions, the mean median diameters of water spray droplets have been calculated.
Diagnosis of low-speed flows by particle shadow velocimetry method
Authors: Khant P T , Barinov V Yu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The method of particle shadow anemometry is one of the PIV modifications. LEDs are used as a radiation source. The application of particle shadow anemometry for diagnostics of low-speed vortex flows is considered in this article. The ability to obtain both visualization of the flow and numerical results was shown.
Prospects of applying the elastic light scattering effect for the development of an optical method to the colloidal solutions diagnositic
Authors: Sapronov M V , Skornyakova N M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the paper the possibility of developing an optical method for colloidal solutions diagnostic based on elastic light scattering was investigated. The scheme of the experimental setup for light scattering indicatrix registration was presented, and the results of its work were demonstrated. The algorithm and the program of experimental data processing have been developed. Experimental light scattering indicatrices with 434, 546 and 656 nm wavelengths in a colloidal sulfur solution have been obtained. The scattering indicatrix models dynamics with changes in the scattering center size were presented. Qualitative comparison of the experimental and model results was carried out.