bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occult Hepatitis B : A Hidden Threat
Authors: Haque Md Azizul , Rashid M Harun Or , Alim M Abdul , Khan MMR , Mahmood I , Haque Md Zahirul 
Published: February 2020

Occult hepatitis B (OHB) is defined as the presence of HBV-DNA in liver with or without detectable HBV DNA in serum in patients who are HBsAg negative in currently available assays. Diagnosis of occult HBV infections requires sensitive HBV-DNA PCR assay. Though reports of occult hepatitis B infections are coming from almost every corner of the world, the exact prevalence of this hidden menace is still not know. Several aspects of occult hepatitis B infection are still not resolved including its clinical significance relating to the molecular basis, risk of transmission, reactivation and progression to chronic liver disease. In this review article, we will try to explore the current concepts and clinical implications of occult hepatitis B virus infection.
TAJ 2010; 23(1): 109-113
Migraine Headache : An Overview
Authors: Hasan ASM , Mahmood Iftekhar , Islam MR , Khan MSI , Ali SM , Tushar AZ 
Published: February 2020

The history of headache can be traced almost to the beginning of the history of humankind. Among the many causes of it, migraine headache is a debilitating disorder affecting millions of people in the United States and worldwide. The diagnosis of migraine can significantly affect quality of life, health care costs and daily productivity. Hundreds of trials and many guidelines have documented various approaches to migraine management, whether via acute treatment or chronic migraine prophylaxis. Acute or abortive migraine management encompasses specific and nonspecific migraine therapeutics including non-opioid and opioid analgesics, triptans and ergotamines. Prophylactic migraine management data span the pharmacological spectrum from antiepileptic and antihypertensive agents to botulinum toxin type A. Special considerations for migraine management also must be applied in various populations including children, pregnant women and the elderly. Although hundreds of clinical trials are available regarding migraine treatment modalities, this review serves as an introduction to current accepted therapeutics for migraine treatment and an overview of pharmacological prophylaxis in the modern management of migraine.
TAJ 2010; 23(1): 114-119
Comparison of Lipid Lowering Effect of Aqueous Extract of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Cassiae) with that of Rosuvastatin on Experimentally Induced Hypercholesterolaemic Rats
Authors: Afrose Sagia , Khan Md Ismail , Eva Elisa Omar , Mahbub Mohammad Imtiaj 
Published: February 2020

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition characterized by very high level of cholesterol in the blood. Too much cholesterol increases risk of developing heart disease called coronary artery disease. This condition occurs when excess cholesterol in the bloodstream is deposited in the walls of blood vessels, particularly in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart. A phenolic compound of the cinnamon extract lowers serum lipid level by inhibiting HMG COA reductase & by activation of nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α). We are trying to evaluate the lipid lowering effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassiae) in comparison with rosuvastatin in hypercholesterolaemic rats.
Aim: To find out the lipid lowering effect of aqueous extract of cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassiae) and compare it with a established lipid lowering drug (rosuvastatin) on hypercholesterolaemic rats.
Method: This was a experimental study conducted in the department of Pharmacology, Dhaka medical college & Hospital from July 2015 to June 2016. Sample size was 30.The study was designed as 2 parts: Experiment-1 & Experiment -2.
Result: Cinnamon produces no statistically significant effect on serum lipid level of healthy rats (P- value >0.05; which is not significant). Cinnamon significantly reduced serum lipid level of high cholesterol diet induced hypercholesterolaemic rats. But, there is statistically significant difference between cinnamon and rosuvastatin lipid lowering effect in high cholesterol diet induced hypercholesterolaemic rats (p value <0.05; which is significant).
Conclusion: The study was conducted to find out lipid lowering effect of cinnamon on experimentally induced hypercholesterolaemic rats. The present study found that cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassaiae) significantly lowers serum lipid level in experimentally induced hypercholesterolaemic rats. So cinnamon can be used as alternative lipid lowering agent for its easy availability, cost effectiveness and as well as lack of significant side effects.
TAJ 2018; 31(1): 52-61
Nephroprotective Effects of Dioscoreaalata and Moriengaolifera on Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Rahman AKM Shahidur , Habib Anwar , Parvin Nishat , Chowdhury Monjurur Rahman Shah 
Published: February 2020

Nephrotoxicity, which is caused by mostly due to medication, is one of most important global health problem. Drugs are a common source of acute kidney injury. Drugs shown to cause nephrotoxicity exert their toxic effects by one or more common pathogenic mechanisms. . Most drugs found to cause nephrotoxicity exert toxic effects by one or more common pathogenic mechanisms. These include altered intraglomerular hemodynamics, tubular cell toxicity, inflammation, crystal nephropathy, rhabdomyolysis, and thrombotic microangiopathy. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity tends to be more common among certain patients and in specific clinical situations. Cisplatin, one of the many drugs, is responsible for severe nephrotoxicity. General preventive measures to avoid nephrotoxicity include using alternative non-nephrotoxic drugs; correcting risk factors; assessing baseline renal function before initiation of therapy, followed by adjusting the dosage; monitoring renal function and vital signs during therapy; and avoiding nephrotoxic drug combinations, using of several nephroprotective agents including medicinal plant extracts. Promising results showed that the use of some medicinal plant extracts (Dioscoreaalata and Moriengaolifera) gave rise to moderate restoration of normal physiology of kidney and liver of mice.
TAJ 2018; 31(1): 46-51
The Formation of Lecturer’s Professional Image in Higher Education Institution
Authors: Luhova Viktoriia , Chumak Hanna 
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the research of modern approaches definition the essence of the lecturer’s professional image and factors of its formation in higher education institutions. The essence concept of the lecturer’s professional image is revealed The characteristic features of the lecturer’s professional image are presented. It is determined that the lecturer’s professional image is a certain image of the teacher's personality, which is formed by him consciously or unconsciously in the process of interpersonal interaction with colleagues, students, leadership, society. The preconditions formation of lecturer’s professional image are considered. It is formed as a result of the interaction of the teacher's personality (the totality of his motives, interests, orientation, socio-psychological features, the I-concept, the available knowledge, skills and abilities), the requirements of the profession (necessary for the social role of the teacher of knowledge, skills and abilities, psychological qualities and peculiarities of the teacher's behavior) and the target audience. The role of self-presentation in shaping a professional image is revealed. The approaches of domestic and foreign scientists to the definition of components of the teacher's image are investigated. The components of the professional image of the teacher, which are external (greedy), reputation, competence, communication, personal, are substantiated. The necessity of declaring requirements to the lecturer’s professional image in normative documents of higher education institutions is proved. The article analyzes the existence of a normative provision for the formation of a teacher's image in higher education institutions in Ukraine. The lack of documentation in most higher education institutions that regulates the ethical behavior of the teacher and his image is revealed. The ethical codes of the teacher and their analogues concerning the availability of requirements concerning the components of the image of scientific and pedagogical workers are considered. A number of drawbacks have been identified, namely: mainly the codes reflect the requirements for teacher professional skills and ethical academic behavior, and the appearance of teachers in most documents is devoted insufficient attention. This requires continuation of work in this direction, which consists in the elaboration of an improved draft Code of Professional Ethics and Organizational Culture of Workers.
Criteria, Indexes And Levels of Formed of Readiness of Future Junior Specialists of Physical Culture and Sport to Communicative Cooperation in Professional Activity
Authors: Chapidze Kseniia 
Published: February 2020

In the article certainly and criteria, indexes and levels of formed of readiness of future junior specialists of physical culture and sport, are reasonable to communicative cooperation in professional activity. With the purpose of determination of criteria of formed of the investigated quality correlation of concepts is set "criterion" and "index". A criterion is certain as more stable, and index dynamic.
Such criteria of readiness of future junior specialists of physical culture and sport are certain to communicative cooperation: motivational, cognitive, communicative-active and emotionally-evaluation, that is directly correlated with the components of the investigated quality. A motivational criterion includes for itself such indexes: communicative values; communicative interests; communicative necessities .
Indicators of the cognitive criterion are: knowledge of the basics of communication; knowledge of the basics of professional communication. The indicators of the communicative criterion are: communicative thinking; communicative behavior. The indicators of the emotional-evaluative criterion are: self-control and self-regulation (establishing emotional contact during the conversation, assessing the interlocutor’s mood, managing their own emotional state during the conversation, assessing the emotional state of the partners during communication, assessing their own communicative competence).
A low, satisfactory, sufficient and high level of formation of readiness of junior specialists in physical education and sports for communicative interaction in professional activities is established.
А Precarious Employment, its Role and Social Consequences
Authors: Kim Matv. N. , Kirpach A. G. 
Published: February 2020

The article examines the rapid spread of precarious employment, its mains forms, characterizes the composition and scale of this employment both in developed countries of the West and in Ukraine. The term precarious employment comes from the “opposite principle” and does not give a positive characteristic. More precisely this employment expresses the English term “precarious employment”. Related concepts “precarization”, “precarii” and “precariat” are disclosed. Precarious employment is a controversial phenomen, there its positive and negative sides and consequences are consedеred. The aim of our work is to clarify the causes of positives and negatives of precarious employment in Ukraine in order to stregten its positive aspects and weaken the negative aspects and consequences. We substantiated, that the main reason for the negatives of precarious employment in Ukraine is the decline in innovative development in the national economy: by 2015 year the share of innovative products sold the decreased and amounted to only 1,2%, according State Statistics Service. In its turn, the most important reason for the essentially lack of innovation in the country, in our opinion, is the high proportion of the shadow economy and cheap labour. Here are the conclusions. In order for precarious employment to provide more positive consequences, it is necessary to introduce innovative development into the economy more widely. And for this it is necessary to reduce significantly the shadow economy and increase wages based on the growth of labour productivity. Solving these problems will require huge investments, both internal and external. In order to attract them, it is necessary to create a favorable investment climate in the country, to develop and implement a program for the application of wide benefits, including venture capital companies.
Organizational-Structural Transformations at Modern Industrial Enterprises: Theoretical Aspect
Authors: Karlova Elena A. , Chobitok Victoria I. , Scherbak Olga A. 
Published: February 2020

Effective management domestic industrial enterprises depends on how their structures are able to ensure the effective operation processes. In order for industrial enterprises to recover from the protracted crisis, a radical renewal the strategy and tactics of transformational reforms is necessary. The development course domestic industrial enterprises, which was designed for mechanisms market self-organization, should automatically be included with radical liberalization of the economy and privatization property, take the trajectory economic growth, did not justify itself, because a modern socially-oriented market economy cannot act effectively, and therefore, requires the introduction of organizational and structural transformations.
The development industrial enterprises is carried out as a result various changes, including as a result the targeted impact of the management system. At the same time, observation and analysis does not always provide an answer to the question of what is the result business development on the market, and what is the result of a targeted managerial impact on industrial enterprises. In this state things, the study and presentation possible organizational and structural transformations in modern industrial enterprises is particular importance.
The article highlights the issues that are solved in the process designing organizational and structural transformations at industrial enterprises.
The article describes the formation the process organizational and structural transformation in industrial enterprises, consisting in the interconnection the concepts “transformation”, “structural transformation” and “organizational transformation”, the essence of which is to make changes in the structure of an industrial enterprise.
The article defines the classification informal constraints during organizational and structural transformations at industrial enterprises.
The authors the article disclose the main trends in organizational and structural transformations in industrial enterprises.
Jogos Cooperativos e Crianças
Authors: Lecuona Daliana Stephanie , Marinho Alcyane , Figueiredo Juliana de Paula , Mallmann Cláudio Sausen 
Published: February 2020

Objetivou-se conhecer as atividades promovidas a crianças de um Grupo de Psicologia em um centro de saúde de Florianópolis (SC); oportunizar a vivência de jogos cooperativos e investigar seus desdobramentos na promoção da saúde. Configurou-se como pesquisa de campo, descritivo-exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se de entrevistas, realizadas após três encontros para vivência dos jogos cooperativos, além da visita a um espaço lúdico interativo. Participaram sete crianças e a profissional responsável pelo grupo. Os resultados apontam a aceitabilidade dos jogos cooperativos pelos investigados, os quais podem possibilitar uma percepção de mudança em seus comportamentos e ações com relação a si mesmas e aos outros. Salienta-se o repensar sobre as estratégias com o “cuidado”, promovendo por meio da humanização efetiva, a possibilidade de uma atenção plena, para além das necessidades biológicas.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KAMPUNG WISATA UNTUK MENGURANGI URBANISASI (Studi Kasus Kampung Cinyurup Kelurahan Juhut Kecamatan Karangtanjung Kabupaten Pandeglang)
Authors: Harsono Pramudi , Suhandi Suhandi 
Published: February 2020

AbstrakKampung Cinyurup merupakan wilayah keluruahan Juhut, kecamatan Karangtanjung kabupaten Pandeglang memiliki potensi internal dan eksternal pariwisata yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi kampung wisata. Analisis potensi berdasarkan aspek atau kriteria konsep kampung wisata Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kabupaten Pandeglang. masih perlu ditingkatkan, yaitu aspek daya tarik wisata, motivasi masyarakat, sarana dan prasarana, kelembagaan dan ketersediaan lahan secara umum telah memadai untuk dikembangkan menjadi Kampung Wisata. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dan menggunakan metode analisis data yaitu analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis SWOT tentang potensi internal dan eksternal maka model kampung wisata yang sesuai untuk dikembangkan yaitu dengan mengusung tema kampung wisata berperspektif go green yang unik, khas dan sehat yang berbasis pada keunggulan hortikultura, keindahan alam dan budaya lokal yang masih kuat.Kata kunci: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, Potensi, Kampung Wisata.AbstractCinyurup village is part of Juhut village, Karangtanjung sub-district Pandeglang district has internal and external potential for tourism that has the potential to become a tourist village. Prospective analysis based on aspects or criteria of the concept of the tourism village in the Culture and Tourism Office of Pandeglang Regency. It still needs to be improved in the elements of tourist attraction, community motivation, facilities and infrastructure, institutions, and availability of land, in general, are sufficient to be developed into a Tourism Village. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research and using data analysis methods, namely SWOT analysis. The results of the study based on a SWOT analysis of internal and external potential were suitable for developing this tourism village. The proper model of the tourism village to be grown is by carrying the theme of a unique, unique and healthy go green tourism village based on horticultural excellence, natural beauty and local culture that is still strong.Keywords: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, Potential, Tourism Village.
Pelarangan riba dan bunga dalam sistem hukum kontrak syariah
Authors: Sudanto Sudanto 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak
Asas umum dalam hukum kontrak syariah yaitu asas الأَصْلُ فِيْ الأَشْيَاْءِ الإِبَاْحَةُ yang menyatakan bahwa segala sesuatu itu hukumnya boleh, kecuali ada dalil yang melarangnya. Selain itu, terdapat pula beberapa asas penting, yang satu dengan lainnya saling berkaitan, yaitu: asas konsensualisme, asas kekuatan mengikatnya kontrak dan asas kebebasan berkontrak. Implikasi dari asas-asas tersebut jika tidak dibatasi dengan ketentuan maupun perundangan-undangan akan mengakibatkan hilangnya ruh dari hukum kontrak syariah. Sehingga tulisan ini mencoba memaparkan pelarangan riba dan bunga dalam sistem hukum kontrak syariah sebagai bentuk upaya menjaga agar tidak kehilangan ruhnya.

Kata Kunci: Riba, Bunga, Hukum Kontrak Syariah.
Abstrac
The general principle in sharia contract law is the principle of الأَصْلُ فِيْ الأَشْيَاْءِ الإِبَاْحَةُ which states that everything is legal, unless there is an argument that prohibits it. In addition, there are also several important principles, which are interrelated to one another, namely: the principle of consensualism, the principle of the strength of contract binding and the principle of freedom of contract. The implications of these principles if not limited to the provisions or laws and regulations will result in the loss of the spirit of sharia contract law. So this paper tries to explain the prohibition of usury and interest in the legal system of sharia contracts as a form of efforts to keep it from losing its spirit.

Keywords: Usury, Interest, legal of sharia contracts.
Slant Helices that Constructed from Hyperspherical Curves in the n-dimensional Euclidean Space
Authors: Altunkaya Bülent 
Published: February 2020

In this work, we study slant helices in the n-dimensional Euclidean space. We give methods to determine the position vectors of slant helices from arclength parameterized curves that lie on the unit hypersphere. By means of these methods, first we characterize slant helices and Salkowski curves which lie on 2n-dimensional hyperboloid. After that, we characterize rectifying slant helices which are geodesics of 2n-dimensional cone.
Peran Badan Usaha Mili Desa Dalam Memberdayakan Masyarakat Desa Liberia Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai
Authors: Sakdiah Halimatus , Muin Iqbal , Ritonga Muhammad Husni 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan peran badan usaha milik desa dalam memberdayakan masyarakat desa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Liberia Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan skunder. Data diproleh dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi Temuan penelitian ini sebagai berikut : (1) peran badan usaha milik desa dalam memberdayakan masyarakat desa memberikan bantuan maupun permodalan usaha serta memberikan kemudahan dalam membayar pinjaman dari BUMDESA dengan menyicil setiap bulan nya dalam tempo satu tahun, masyarakat tersebut sudah terdaftar dalam kegiatan BUMDESA.(2) Perkembangan perekonomian badan usaha milik desa pada awalnya masyarakat desa Liberia tidak mengetahui keberadaan BUMDESA bahwa dapat membantu dalam memajukan usaha yang mereka jalani agar lebih berkembang dalam meningkatkan perekonomian usaha masyarakat desa. (3) faktor penghambat dan pendukung BUMDESA, faktor penghambatnya dikarena kurangnya bantuan dana dari pemerintah dan kurangnya fartisifasi masyarakat dalam mengelola potensi desa serta memahami maksud keberadaan BUMDESA didesa Liberia. Sedangkan faktor pendukungnya, yaitu BUMDESA menjadi bantuan dana desa satu-satunya yang langsung memberikan dana pinjaman kepada masyarakat guna untuk meningkatkan dan menumbuhkan perekonomian usaha masyarakat agar terus maju dalam memanfaatkan permodalan yang telah digerak oleh BUMDESA.
Index of Seaweed Algebras and Integer Partitions
Authors: Seo Seunghyun , Yee Ae Ja 
Published: February 2020

The index of a Lie algebra is an important algebraic invariant. In 2000, Vladimir Dergachev and Alexandre Kirillov defined seaweed subalgebras of $\mathfrak{gl}_n$ (or $\mathfrak{sl}_n$) and provided a formula for the index of a seaweed algebra using a certain graph, a so called meander.
In a recent paper, Vincent Coll, Andrew Mayers, and Nick Mayers defined a new statistic for partitions, namely the index of a partition, which arises from seaweed Lie algebras of type A. At the end of their paper, they presented an interesting conjecture, which involves integer partitions into odd parts. Motivated by their work, in this paper, we exploit various index statistics and the index weight generating functions for partitions. In particular, we examine their conjecture by considering the generating function for partitions into odd parts. We will also reprove another result from their paper using generating functions.