bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pinless friction stir spot welding of aluminium alloy with copper interlayer
Authors: Abed Balsam H. , Salih Omar S. , Sowoud Khalid M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Spot welding joints of Al-Mg-Si alloy (AA6061-T6) were produced with and without the addition of copper interlayer using pinless friction stir spot welding (P-FSSW). To investigate the effects of welding parameters on the metallurgical and mechanical properties of the weldment, various tool plunge depth and dwell time were used. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) have been used for microstructural characterisation.Meanwhile, the mechanical characterisation of the welded joints was evaluated by tensile-shear test. The experimental results showed that a larger bonding area and sound joint were achieved with the addition of Cu interlayer due to the improvement in thermal distribution. Also, an alloying reaction took place between the aluminium substrate and Cu interlayer during P-FSSW, forming intermetallic compounds layer in the interface through the diffusion process. The increasing of dwell time and plunge depth to some extent were beneficial to the formation of the joint and diffusion process, and thus increasing the tensile-shear load of the joints. The observed fracture mode of the joint was either completely shear off in the interface or complete nugget pullout.
Multilingualism and internationalisation in doctoral education: Discourse, positioning and agency
Authors: Hofmann Stephanie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite the growing linguistic and cultural diversity in higher education and research, little is known about how students and researchers use their plurilingual repertoire for writing and publishing. In particular, the roles of the national language(s) and the linguistic repertoire(s) vis-à-vis English as the lingua franca for academic writing and publishing have not been closely examined. This paper explores how doctoral researchers in Luxembourg position themselves in relation to macro-level discourses about language and academic success within their complex lingua-cultural and socio-economic setting. By analysing interview transcripts of two multilingual doctoral researchers from Russia and Germany, I show how in spite of their similar starting situations they negotiate agency to varying degrees. In particular, the prevalence of English and the pressure to publish in international journals seem to make them struggle to use their full linguistic repertoire in writing their theses.
Effect of radiative heat loss on thermal diffusivity evaluated using normalized logarithmic method in laser flash technique
Authors: Nishi Tsuyoshi , Azuma Naoyoshi , Ohta Hiromichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe laser flash technique is a standard method to measure the thermal diffusivity of solid samples especially at high temperatures. To understand the reliability of thermal diffusivity evaluation at high temperature for solid samples with low-thermal-diffusivity values, we analyzed the effect of radiative heat loss using the logarithmic method. The results revealed that when the Biot number was 0.1, the deviation from the input thermal diffusivity value was approximately −1.6%. In addition, when an aluminum silicate (AS) sample was heated to 1,273 K, the maximum deviation was approximately −0.35%. In contrast, the difference between the input value and the thermal diffusivity evaluated by the halftime method when AS was heated to 1,273 K was approximately 2.38%. Thus, since the effect of radiative heat loss was found to be negligible, it is concluded that the normalized logarithmic method should be very useful for the thermal diffusivity analysis of low-thermal-diffusivity solid samples at high temperature.
Oxidizability characterization of slag system on the thermodynamic model of superalloy desulfurization
Authors: Li Wanming , Sun Yulei , Wu Shaopeng , Zang Ximin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe oxidizability characterization method of slag system has a decisive influence on the accuracy of the desulfurization model. By carrying out the balance experiments of melting system composed of CaF2–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–TiO2–MgO–FeO slag system and Inconel 718 superalloy, the influence of Al2O3 and FeO on desulfurization distribution ratio at 1,773 K was studied. Based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory in slag, the effects of three oxidizability characterization methods, [Fe]–[O] balance, [Al]–[O] balance, and [Fe]–[Al]–[O] balance, on the accuracy of desulfurization thermodynamic model were studied. The results show that the effect of FeO on desulfurization distribution ratio is more significant than that of Al2O3 when the FeO content in slag is greater than 0.014%. When the FeO content in the slag is less than 0.014%, the effect of Al2O3 on the slag oxidizability will be greater than that of FeO. The calculated value of [Fe]–[Al]–[O] balance model is closer to the experimental-measured value compared to [Fe]–[O] balance model and [Al]–[O] balance model alone at 1,923 K.
The co-combustion and pollutant emission characteristics of the three kinds of waste ion exchange resins and coal
Authors: Zhang Xiaobin , Liu Meng , Gao Xin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe co-combustion of waste ion exchange resin (WIER) and coal in a coal-fired incineration plant is an economical and feasible treatment method. The effects of the amount of WIER on the co-combustion and pollutant emission characteristics are investigated in a thermogravimetric infrared analyzer and tube furnace respectively. Results show that the weight loss rate of WIER combustion is significantly higher than that of coal within 400 °C, and the ignition temperature of the mixture improves with the increased addition of WIERs. The release of sulfur dioxide during the combustion of waste anionic exchange resin (WAER) and waste cationic exchange resin (WCER) mainly occurs at 320–440 °C. The highest concentration of HCl in the combustion of waste mixed exchange resin (WMER) is mainly released at approximately 350 °C. However, the addition of WIERs causes a sharp decrease in the emission of NOx. Moreover, the sulfur and chlorine in the WIERs are respectively released in gaseous forms of SO2 and HCl and do not exist in the fly ash as salt compounds.
Effect of different drying methods on the physicochemical properties and phycobiliprotein structure of Porphyra haitanensis
Authors: Xu Dalun , Sun Nan , Xuan Shifen , Wang Chen , Huang Tao , Li Chao , Zhang Jinjie , Yang Wenge 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study explored the effects of four drying methods, namely vacuum freeze-drying (VFD), hot-air drying (HD), microwave drying (MD) and shade drying (SD) on the sensory quality, amino acids composition, phycobiliproteins structure and rehydration rate of Porphyra haitanensis. It showed that VFD dried P. haitanensis had the highest protein (35.44 ± 0.87%), polysaccharide (18.91 ± 0.64%), umami amino acids (484.67 ± 5.03 mg/100 g, dry weight) and essential amino acids (9.89 ± 0.27 g/100 g, dry weight) than another three dried products. Drying affected secondary structure of phycobiliproteins, and the phycobiliproteins from VFD laver contained the most α-helix structure and the least random coil. In addition, VFD processed laver was rich in water-soluble polysaccharides and hydrophilic amino acids, which resulted in its quick rehydration and high-water absorption capacity. The results showed that VFD was suitable for producing high-quality P. haitanensis with excellent flavor and high contents of nutritional compounds.
Inverse source problem for a generalized Korteweg–de Vries equation
Authors: Arivazhagan Anbu , Sakthivel Kumarasamy , Barani Balan Natesan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a seventh-order generalized Korteweg–de Vries (GKdV) equation and study the boundary stability results concerning the inverse problem of recovering a space-dependent source term.
We establish a new boundary Carleman estimate for the seventh-order linear operator with the Dirichlet–Neumann type boundary conditions.
Using this crucial estimate along with regularity result of the nonlinear GKdV equation, we establish a Lipschitz stability estimate of GKdV equation.
Is the division of judgments into analytic and synthetic relative? The discussion between Maaß and Kant (through Schultz)
Authors: Rovira Rogelio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn a note from around 1769, Kant raised the question of why synthetic judgments cannot become analytic. He did not, however, suggest an answer. In a 1789 essay, J. G. E. Maaß published an exemplary criticism of this division of judgments by pointing out that it was relative. Kant entrusted one of his disciples, J. Schultz, with the task of defending the absolute nature of the distinction. Schultz responded in 1790, using annotations by Kant himself. Moreover, in Schultz’s 1789 Examination, there are some remarks which anticipate certain misrepresentations Maaß would continue to make in his new essay in response to Schultz in 1791. Focusing on the reconstruction of this debate, the paper seeks to identify how Kant justified the fact that his division of judgments was not arbitrary, even if the justification was never explicit.
A new characterization of L
2(p
2)
Authors: Wang Zhongbi , Qin Chao , Lv Heng , Yan Yanxiong , Chen Guiyun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For a positive integer n and a prime p, let

n

p

{n}_{p}

denote the p-part of n. Let G be a group,

cd
(
G
)

\text{cd}(G)

the set of all irreducible character degrees of

G

G

,

ρ
(
G
)

\rho (G)

the set of all prime divisors of integers in

cd
(
G
)

\text{cd}(G)

,

V
(
G
)
=

p

e

p

(
G
)

|
p
∈
ρ
(
G
)

V(G)=\left\{{p}^{{e}_{p}(G)}|p\in \rho (G)\right\}

, where

p

e

p

(
G
)

=

max

{
χ

(
1
)

p

|
χ
∈
Irr
(
G
)
}
.

{p}^{{e}_{p}(G)}=\hspace{.25em}\max \hspace{.25em}\{\chi {(1)}_{p}|\chi \in \text{Irr}(G)\}.

In this article, it is proved that

G
≅

L

2

(

p

2

)

G\cong {L}_{2}({p}^{2})

if and only if

|
G
|
=
|

L

2

(

p

2

)
|

|G|=|{L}_{2}({p}^{2})|

and

V
(
G
)
=
V
(

L

2

(

p

2

)
)

V(G)=V({L}_{2}({p}^{2}))

.
MiR-1225-5p acts as tumor suppressor in glioblastoma via targeting FNDC3B
Authors: Wang Guo-Hua , Wang Liang-Yan , Zhang Cui , Zhang Peng , Wang Chuan-Hui , Cheng Shuai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study attempted to research the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory role of miR-1225-5p in the malignant progression of glioblastoma. Bioinformatics analyses based on the gene expression omnibus (GEO) and Chinese glioma genome atlas (CGGA) databases showed that miR-1225-5p, as a favorable prognostic factor, was expressed at low levels in glioblastoma, and its expression was also related to WHO grade and age. The subsequent CCK-8 assay indicated that miR-1225-5p might prevent the malignant progression of glioblastoma, which was represented by that miR-1225-5p mimic reduced the viability of glioblastoma cells. Then, we predicted that FNDC3B might be a potential target gene of miR-1225-5p, and it was negatively correlated with the level of miR-1225-5p, which were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR and western blot assays. Moreover, based on the analyses of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), Oncomine and CGGA databases, FNDC3B was enriched in glioblastoma and high expression of FNDC3B led to poor prognosis. Finally, CCK8 and transwell experiments showed that the ability of miR-1225-5p to inhibit glioblastoma cell viability, invasion and migration was at least partially achieved by targeting FNDC3B. In general, these results revealed that the miR-1225-5p/FNDC3B axis contributes to inhibiting the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma cells, which lays a foundation for molecular diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma.
Leading a Double Life: Statues and Pieces of Clay
Authors: Biro John 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Some philosophers think that two distinct things can occupy exactly the same region of space, as with a statue and a piece of clay. Others think that the statue and the piece of clay are identical, but not necessarily so. I argue that Alan Gibbard’s well-known story of Goliath and Lumpl does not support either of these claims. Not the first, as there is independent reason to think that it cannot be true. Not the second, because there is no need to invoke the dubiously intelligible notion of contingent identity to account for the facts of the story.
Process modifications to obtain a prehydrolysis kraft dissolving pulp with low limiting pulp viscosity
Authors: Brännvall Elisabet , Walter Karin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Cellulose can be directly dissolved in cold alkali without derivatization. However, this requires low cellulose molecular weight, i. e. low pulp viscosity, preferably below 300 mL g−1. This can be achieved by for example acid or enzymatic hydrolysis of the dissolving pulp. However, it would be beneficial to manufacture pulp with sufficiently low viscosity without an additional treatment stage prior to dissolution. Unit processes in pulping can be operated in such a way as to reduce the molecular weight of cellulose. The approach of the study was to modify the conditions in unit pulping processes in order to obtain a low pulp viscosity of fully bleached prehydrolysis kraft pulp. A high charge of alkali in the oxygen delignification reduced the cellulose molecular weight significantly. Increased temperature, 120 °C compared to 98 °C, had also a significant effect on viscosity. By performing peroxide bleaching at acidic pH, the viscosity could be sufficiently reduced even when oxygen delignification was performed at lower temperature. However, for high brightness, a chlorine dioxide stage is needed.
A new classification method of nanotechnology for design integration in biomaterials
Authors: Zhang Li , Liu Tao , Xie Yinhong , Zeng Zheng , Chen Junying 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCurrently, advanced biomaterial design solutions often have more than two kinds of nanotechnology design strategies, but there is no suitable classification to describe these designs systematically. Based on the material design ideas and the modes of implementing functions, this article exemplifies and proposes a new nanotechnology classification that includes physical properties, the chemical reactions that respond to the microenvironment and bio-inspired incorporation. If two or more nanotechnology designs in the same classification are to be integrated into the same biological material, it is necessary to analyze the integration conflict between the designs. With the development of big data, this classification method may help researchers and artificial intelligence to realize automated integration of multiple designs and provide new material nanotechnology design integration solutions.
Food choice motivations and perception of a healthy diet in a developing Mediterranean country
Authors: Boustani Nada Mallah , Guiné Raquel P. F. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study investigated the Lebanese consumers’ knowledge about healthy food perception and their food motivations according to gender and also to environmental, social, and health behaviors. The survey consisted of a longitudinal study undertaken on a sample of 450 participants from which only 410 questionnaires were considered to be valid. For the analysis of the data, basic descriptive statistics were used, complemented with statistical tests (Student t-test for comparisons between two groups and ANOVA for comparisons between three or more groups). Finally, analyses were done to evaluate the importance of healthy food perception among these people, and the possible sociodemographic variables are as follows: age group, level of education, gender, and living environment. The results allowed identifying which types of factors mostly influence people's food choices. They revealed that both the economic and availability motivations (mean scores 2.83 and 2.98 for female and male participants, respectively) and the social and cultural motivations (mean scores 2.90 and 3.09) have less impact on the perception of a healthy diet than the healthy motivations (mean scores 3.48 and 3.29) and the environmental and political motivations (mean scores 3.35 and 3.43), this last being also the highest expression and without statistical gender differences. This work is relevant because it highlights the food motivation factors that influence people’s perception about a healthy diet in a developing country, facing social and economic crisis in addition to many gender inequalities, yet having the highest education levels in the region in addition to its multiethnical diversity and religiosity.
Senseless Pain in the Phenomenology of Religious Experience
Authors: Salim Emil 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere are three models of pain in the phenomenology of religious experience. The first model suggests that pain is instrumental to attaining the desired religious experience. The second model proposes that pain is constitutive of the desired religious experience. The third model, which is a model of senseless pain in religious experience, is underdeveloped. I provide an exposition of this model in this article. I also give four arguments for the necessity of affirming senseless pain in the phenomenology of religious experience. First, affirming senseless pain in religious experience provides a way to describe the process of purpose attribution to pain qua a sensation or a feeling. Second, such an affirmation also provides a way for describing the meaning formation in religious experience through interpreting pain qua symbol. Third, the affirmation is also necessary to maintain continuity between mundane and religious experiences. There are instances of senseless pain in the literature on tragedy, chronic pain, and torture. Maintaining continuity between ordinary and religious experiences via the notion of senseless pain opens the possibility of developing mysticism in everyday life. Lastly, the presence of the unknown in senseless pain makes room for mystery in religious experience.
The Social Sciences, Pastoral Theology, and Pastoral Work: Understanding the Underutilization of Sociology in Catholic Pastoral Ministry
Authors: Ballano Vivencio O. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractApplying sociological imagination and theological perspectives and using some secondary literature that focus on the American pastoral experience, this article explains why sociology and the social sciences are underutilized in the pastoral ministry of Catholic priests despite the Catholic Church’s openness to human sciences’ contributions to evangelization after the Second Vatican Council. In particular, it examines how the (i) uneasy alliance between Catholic theology and sociology, (ii) overemphasis on the invisible and theological dimension of the Church in current ecclesiologies, (iii) highly philosophical and theological clerical education which sidelines the empirical sciences in clerical pastoral work, and (iv) dominance of the individualist approaches of clinical psychology in pastoral theology have greatly contributed to the neglect of sociological inquiries and perspectives in clerical formation and pastoral ministry. It also argues that a genuine pastoral care must be based on a holistic and empirical assessment of the pastoral needs of parishioners by priests using sociology and the social sciences before it prescribes a plan of action for pastoral care to accurately inculturate the Christian message in today’s technological culture.
Exact optical solitons of the perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger–Hirota equation with Kerr law nonlinearity in nonlinear fiber optics
Authors: Houwe Alphonse , Abbagari Souleymanou , Betchewe Gambo , Inc Mustafa , Doka Serge Y. , Crépin Kofane Timoléon , Baleanu Dumitru , Almohsen Bandar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article studies dark, bright, trigonometric and rational optical soliton solutions to the perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger–Hirota equation (PNLSHE). Hence, we have examined two cases: first, restrictions have been done to the third-order (TOD) (γ) as constraint relation, and the coupling coefficients (σ) is obtained as well as the velocity of the soliton by adopting the traveling wave hypothesis. Second, the TOD and the coupling coefficients are non-zero value, sending back to the PNLSHE, which has been studied in refs. [4,10,16] recently. By employing two relevant integration technics such as the auxiliary equation and the modified auxiliary equation method, miscellaneous optical solitary wave is obtianed, which is in agreement with the outcomes collected by the previous studies [4,16]. These results help in obtaining nonlinear optical fibers in the future.
Health in All Policies – Ansätze, Beispiele und Perspektiven
Authors: Geene Raimund 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Health in All Policies (HiAP) ist ein Konzept der WHO für Gesundheit als Leitbild allen politischen und gesellschaftlichen Handelns. Im Rahmen der Infektionsprävention in der Corona-Krise gibt es weltweit Umsetzungen. Perspektivisch sollte es über Gefahrenabwehr hinaus auch auf Gesundheitsförderung bezogen sein.
Gesundheit, soziale Gerechtigkeit und Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Zeeb Hajo 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die COVID-19-Pandemie wirft wie in einem Brennglas Fragen von gesundheitlicher Bedrohung, Gerechtigkeit und Nachhaltigkeit auf. Soziale und gesundheitliche Gerechtigkeit ist ein zentrales Public-Health-Thema und wird zunehmend mit Nachhaltigkeit verknüpft, insbesondere durch die UN-Nachhaltigkeitsziele. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über diese Zusammenhänge, illustriert diese anhand der Pandemie und beschreibt Ansätze in Europa auf dem Weg zu mehr gesundheitlicher Gerechtigkeit.
Public Health in China: Auf dem Weg zu HiAP
Authors: Li Boyang , Niehoff Jens-Uwe 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über die Anstrengungen der VR China, eine funktionsfähige Infrastruktur für die Krankenversorgung und auch eine Basis für Public Health zu schaffen. Der Beginn dieser Bemühungen geht auf die Jahrtausendwende zurück. Der aktuelle Stand ist das Ergebnis der zurückliegenden etwa 20 Jahre. Die Covid 19 Epidemie ist auch eine Praxisbewährung für die Anstrengungen im Sinne der WHO Health in All Politics-Strategie (HiAP), die Aktivitäten über Ressortgrenzen hinaus zu bündeln und komplexe Problemlösungen zu bewirken.
„One Health“ und COVID 19 – eine Bewährungsprobe
Authors: Weidner Christian 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die aktuelle COVID-19-Pandemie stellt vieles auf die Probe, allen voran die multisektorale Zusammenarbeit sowohl zwischen den Akteuren im Gesundheitswesen als auch mit Akteuren aus anderen Bereichen wie Politik, Wirtschaft, Sicherheit, Bildung und Kommunikation. Inhaltliche Vorbereitungen in Form von Pandemieplänen, Zuständigkeitsregelungen oder Ressourcenplanungen müssen sich beweisen. „One Health“ hat diesen multisektoralen Zugang schon immer im Fokus und erlebt jetzt eine Bewährungsprobe.
Regionale Gesundheitskonferenzen als Politikfeld-übergreifendes Steuerungselement
Authors: Ewert Thomas , Geuter Gunnar , Wildner Manfred 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Gesundheit in der Bevölkerung wird durch zahlreiche Faktoren beeinflußt. Sinnvollerweise bestehen erfolgversprechende Lösungsansätze für Herausforderungen im Gesundheitswesen darin, Politik und unterschiedliche Akteure der jeweiligen Handlungsfelder zu vernetzen und kooperative Strukturen aufzubauen. Regionale Gesundheitskonferenzen können hierzu einen essentiellen Beitrag leisten. Hier arbeiten üblicherweise verschiedene Politikfelder, Ressorts und Sektoren auf regionaler Ebene zusammen und stehen dabei in Verbindung zu den übergeordneten Strukturen.