bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Report on Successful Triploidy Induction in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Using Electroporation
Authors: Okomoda Victor Tosin , Aminath Lubna , Oladimeji Sunday Abraham , Abol-Munafi Ambok Bolong , Korede Alabi Isaiah , Ikhwanuddin Mhd , Umaru Joshua A. , Hassan Anuar , Martins Chukwuemeka Onwuka , Shahreza Sheriff Md. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the use of electric-shock in inducing triploidy in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. To achieve this, three voltages (9, 12, 21 V) were applied for different durations (3, 5, 10 min). The shock was initiated approximately three minutes after fertilization followed by incubation in ambient temperature. After incubation, hatchability and survival rates were determined while ploidy status of the treatment fishes was confirmed in one-month-old fingerlings using the exclusive triploid range of the erythrocyte major axis previously reported for the same species (11.9–14.9 μm) and by cytogenetic analysis of the chromosome. The results showed triploidy were achieved in 10 to 85% of the treatment groups. A consistent trend of decrease in hatchability and an increase in triploidy rate was observed with increased electroporation voltages and shock durations. The mean erythrocyte major axis length of triploid progenies (3n = 84) was observed to be between 11.3–14.6 μm and was higher than the range of 7.0–10.5 μm recorded for diploid progenies (2n = 56). It was concluded that electric shock can be used to induce triploidy in African catfish C. gariepinus.
Quercetin liposomes ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rats
Authors: Tang Lixia , Li Ke , Zhang Yan , Li Huifang , Li Ankang , Xu Yuancheng , Wei Bing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe effects of quercetin liposomes (Q-PEGL) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) was investigated in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish a STZ induced DN model. DN rats randomly received one of the following treatments for 8 weeks: blank treatment (DN), free quercetin (Que), pegylated liposomes (PEGL) and pegylated quercetin liposomes (Q-PEGL). A group of healthy rats served as the normal control. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weights (BWs), renal hypertrophy index (rHI), serum and urine biochemistry, renal histopathology, oxidative stress and immunohistochemical measurements of AGEs were analyzed to compare the effect of different treatments. Que and Q-PEGL significantly improved DN biochemistry and pathological changes, although the treated rats still had some symptoms of DN. The therapeutic effect of Q-PEGL surpassed that of Que. Pegylated quercetin liposomes allow maintaining higher quercetin concentrations in plasma than non-encapsulated quercetin. In conclusion the use of quercetin liposomes allows to reduce disease symptoms in a rat model of DN.
Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics implicates the granin family in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Rotunno Melissa S. , Lane Monica , Zhang Wenfei , Wolf Pavlina , Oliva Petra , Viel Catherine , Wills Anne-Marie , Alcalay Roy N. , Scherzer Clemens R. , Shihabuddin Lamya S. , Zhang Kate , Sardi S. Pablo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParkinson’s disease, the most common age-related movement disorder, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with unclear etiology. Better understanding of the underlying disease mechanism(s) is an urgent need for the development of disease-modifying therapeutics. Limited studies have been performed in large patient cohorts to identify protein alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a proximal site to pathology. We set out to identify disease-relevant protein changes in CSF to gain insights into the etiology of Parkinson’s disease and potentially assist in disease biomarker identification. In this study, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode to identify Parkinson’s-relevant biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid. We quantified 341 protein groups in two independent cohorts (n = 196) and a longitudinal cohort (n = 105 samples, representing 40 patients) consisting of Parkinson’s disease and healthy control samples from three different sources. A first cohort of 53 Parkinson’s disease and 72 control samples was analyzed, identifying 53 proteins with significant changes (p < 0.05) in Parkinson’s disease relative to healthy control. We established a biomarker signature and multiple protein ratios that differentiate Parkinson’s disease from healthy controls and validated these results in an independent cohort. The second cohort included 28 Parkinson’s disease and 43 control samples. Independent analysis of these samples identified 41 proteins with significant changes. Evaluation of the overlapping changes between the two cohorts identified 13 proteins with consistent and significant changes (p < 0.05). Importantly, we found the extended granin family proteins as reduced in disease, suggesting a potential common mechanism for the biological reduction in monoamine neurotransmission in Parkinson’s patients. Our study identifies several novel protein changes in Parkinson’s disease cerebrospinal fluid that may be exploited for understanding etiology of disease and for biomarker development.
Identification of patients with and without minimal hepatic encephalopathy based on gray matter volumetry using a support vector machine learning algorithm
Authors: Chen Qiu-Feng , Zou Tian-Xiu , Yang Zhe-Ting , Chen Hua-Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMinimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is characterized by diffuse abnormalities in cerebral structure, such as reduced cortical thickness and altered brain parenchymal volume. This study tested the potential of gray matter (GM) volumetry to differentiate between cirrhotic patients with and without MHE using a support vector machine (SVM) learning method. High-resolution, T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired from 24 cirrhotic patients with MHE and 29 cirrhotic patients without MHE (NHE). Voxel-based morphometry was conducted to evaluate the GM volume (GMV) for each subject. An SVM classifier was employed to explore the ability of the GMV measurement to diagnose MHE, and the leave-one-out cross-validation method was used to assess classification accuracy. The SVM algorithm based on GM volumetry achieved a classification accuracy of 83.02%, with a sensitivity of 83.33% and a specificity of 82.76%. The majority of the most discriminative GMVs were located in the bilateral frontal lobe, bilateral lentiform nucleus, bilateral thalamus, bilateral sensorimotor areas, bilateral visual regions, bilateral temporal lobe, bilateral cerebellum, left inferior parietal lobe, and right precuneus/posterior cingulate gyrus. Our results suggest that SVM analysis based on GM volumetry has the potential to help diagnose MHE in cirrhotic patients.
Influence of concurrent chemotherapy on locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy: A retrospective matched analysis
Authors: Wang Fangzheng , Jiang Chuner , Wang Lai , Yan Fengqin , Sun Quanquan , Ye Zhimin , Liu Tongxin , Fu Zhenfu , Jiang Yangming 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plus concurrent chemotherapy (CC) will be the new standard treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. However, many patients fail to receive CC for multiple reasons. We aimed to investigate long-term survival outcomes and toxicities in these patients with NPC treated with additional NAC plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) or IMRT alone. In total, 1,378 previously untreated, newly diagnosed locoregionally advanced NPC patients receiving NAC plus IMRT with or without CC were retrospectively reviewed. We used a propensity score-matched (PSM) method with 1:1 matching to identify paired patients according to various covariates. Survival outcomes and toxicities were compared between the two groups. In total, 288 pairs were identified. With a median follow-up of 86 (range: 8–110) months, the estimated 5-year locoregional relapse-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival rates in patients treated with NAC plus CCRT vs. NAC plus IMRT alone were 96.1% vs. 94.7% (P = 0.201), 93.7% vs. 89.8% (P = 0.129), 91.3% vs. 85.1% (P = 0.024), and 93.0% vs. 90.6% (P = 0.362), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that CC omission was a prognostic factor for worse PFS. In a subgroup analysis, PFS did not differ significantly between two groups of female patients or aged <60 years or stage T1–2 or stage N0-1 disease. However, fewer acute complications were observed in the NAC plus IMRT alone group. NAC with IMRT alone confers similar survival rates and less acute toxicities. Specifically, NAC plus IMRT alone may be enough for female patients <60 years with stage T1-2 or stage N0-1. However, a prospective randomised trial is needed to validate these results.
A Targeted Quantitative Proteomic Method Revealed a Substantial Reprogramming of Kinome during Melanoma Metastasis
Authors: Miao Weili , Li Lin , Liu Xiaochuan , Qi Tianyu F. , Guo Lei , Huang Ming , Wang Yinsheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractKinases are involved in numerous critical cell signaling processes, and dysregulation in kinase signaling is implicated in many types of human cancers. In this study, we applied a parallel-reaction monitoring (PRM)-based targeted proteomic method to assess kinome reprogramming during melanoma metastasis in three pairs of matched primary/metastatic human melanoma cell lines. Around 300 kinases were detected in each pair of cell lines, and the results showed that Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) was with reduced expression in the metastatic lines of all three pairs of melanoma cells. Interrogation of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data showed that reduced expression of JAK3 is correlated with poorer prognosis in melanoma patients. Additionally, metastatic human melanoma cells/tissues exhibited diminished levels of JAK3 mRNA relative to primary melanoma cells/tissues. Moreover, JAK3 suppresses the migration and invasion of cultured melanoma cells by modulating the activities of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9). In summary, our targeted kinome profiling method provided by far the most comprehensive dataset for kinome reprogramming associated with melanoma progression, which builds a solid foundation for examining the functions of other kinases in melanoma metastasis. Moreover, our results reveal a role of JAK3 as a potential suppressor for melanoma metastasis.
Rehabilitation und Teilhabe
Authors: Buschmann-Steinhage Rolf 
Published: February 2020

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,auch in diesem, noch einigermaßen neuen Jahr 2020 wollen wir Sie in dieser
Zeitschrift über wichtige Entwicklungen aus dem weiten Feld der
Rehabilitation informieren. Wir wollen so unseren Teil dazu beitragen, dass die
Rehabilitation ihr Ziel erreicht, die Teilhabe oder genauer: Selbstbestimmung und
volle, wirksame und gleichberechtigte Teilhabe am Leben in der Gesellschaft, wie es
das Sozialgesetzbuch IX (in § 1) formuliert. Rehabilitation ist so das
Mittel und Teilhabe das Ziel. Dementsprechend heißen die
Rehabilitationsleistungen im Gesetz „Leistungen zur Teilhabe“. Und
in der Konvention der Vereinten Nationen über die Rechte von Menschen mit
Behinderungen (UN-BRK, Art. 3c) ist die „volle und wirksame Teilhabe an der
Gesellschaft und Einbeziehung in die Gesellschaft“ („full and
effective participation and inclusion in society“) ein allgemeiner
Grundsatz. Teilhabe ist Einbezogensein in Lebenssituationen wie z. B.
Familie, Schule, Arbeit, Kino, Sportverein.
Traumaassoziierte Koagulopathie: Pathophysiologie und Therapie
Authors: Schlömmer Christine , Meier Jens 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie anhaltende unkontrollierte Blutung ist eine der führenden Todesursachen bei polytraumatisierten Patienten 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Hypoperfusion durch große Blutverluste führt zu Gewebeschäden, generalisierter Immunantwort sowie Aktivierung des Gerinnungssystems und damit zu einer traumaassoziierten Koagulopathie (TAK) 4, 5. Durch eine adäquate, frühzeitige Behandlung der TAK können Morbidität und Mortalität signifikant reduziert werden.
Spiroergometrie kompakt – Physiologie, Durchführung und Auswertung
Authors: Glaab T. , Schmidt O. , Fritsch J. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie kardiorespiratorische Fitness gilt als unabhängiger Prognosefaktor für Morbidität und Mortalität unterschiedlicher Genese. Patientenrelevante Symptome wie latente Belastungsdyspnoe, körperliche Leistungsdefizite und Erschöpfung korrelieren oft schlecht mit der kardiopulmonalen und bildgebenden „Ruhediagnostik“. Die Spiroergometrie als Goldstandard der Belastungsanalyse dient der Früherkennung, Differenzialdiagnostik, Verlaufs- und Therapiekontrolle von kardiopulmonalen Erkrankungen und deren Prognose. Als integrative Untersuchungsmethode des Lungen-Herz-Kreislauf-Muskel-Systems ist sie bei geringem zeitlichem Mehraufwand deutlich aussagekräftiger und informativer als alternative Messmethoden und ermöglicht auch Aussagen im submaximalen Belastungsbereich. Trotz dieser enormen Bedeutung wird die Spiroergometrie aus verschiedenen Gründen (z. B. Aufwand, Budget, Expertise) auch hierzulande zu selten durchgeführt. Die Methode ist komplex, aber nicht unbedingt kompliziert. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es daher, allen Interessierten diesen häufig wegweisenden Globaltest leichter zugänglich zu machen. Inhaltlich werden sowohl die physiologischen Grundlagen, die Indikationen und praktischen Aspekte der Messung als auch die strukturierte Auswertung spiroergometrischer Befunde übersichtlich vorgestellt. Damit soll auch das Interesse und der eigene Anspruch geweckt werden, diese fachspezifische Referenzuntersuchung in indizierten Fällen selbst häufiger durchzuführen.
Primary Ovarian Leiomyoma—A Common Tumor at an Uncommon Site
Authors: Pradeep Aswathy , Bhat Shubha Padmanabha , Nandan Neetha , Laxminarayana Kishan Prasad Hosapatna , Kaliyat Sajitha , Venugopala Kishan Prasad Holalkere 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLeiomyoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor that commonly occurs in the uterus, ovary being a rare site. Ovarian leiomyomas constitute 0.5 to 1% of all benign tumors. They probably arise from the smooth muscle cells in the ovarian hilar blood vessels. They occur most commonly in premenopausal women. We report a case of primary ovarian leiomyoma in a 39-year-old female patient.
Institutional change and the limitations of consumer activism
Authors: Reese Jacy 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOrganizations that aim to encourage or mitigate social change frequently face strategic trade-offs between changing the behaviour of individuals or institutions. This paper provides a conceptual analysis of this trade-off and an initial case study on the grand challenge of industrial animal agriculture. The nascent movement attempting to address this global issue has so far heavily focused on changing individual consumption with central messages like ‘go vegan’ and tactics like handing out pro-vegetarian leaflets. This paper critiques that focus, proposing instead what we call an institutional approach that focuses on changing governments, firms, social norms, and the like, particularly through developing and commercializing new food technologies. This paper argues from a perspective of effective altruism, aiming to maximize positive impact, that an increased use of the institutional approach may help organizations more effectively achieve their ethical goals. There are some cost-effective uses for the individual approach, so it should not be abandoned entirely, but a significant reduction may be prudent, at least in this context, and further research is warranted on this trade-off in other social contexts.
Plant resistance inducers (PRIs): perspectives for future disease management in the field.
Authors: Sandroni M. , Liljeroth E. , Mulugeta T. , Alexandersson E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Plants are confronted with numerous biotic stresses that may affect productivity. Besides their constitutive defence, plants can activate specific metabolic processes to enhance resistance upon stress detection. These defence mechanisms can also be activated through the recognition of plant resistance inducers (PRIs). This review highlights some of the current challenges that prevent the adoption of PRIs in agriculture, and explore research topics and knowledge gaps to be addressed for bringing PRIs closer to practice. First, we present studies on the variance of induced defence responses and examine the possibility of employing inducibility in breeding strategies as well as the possible role of epigenetics. We also discuss the efficiency of PRIs in future climate and knowledge gaps on this subject. Remote sensing, high-throughput phenotyping and modelling in combination with PRIs as part of decision support systems and integrated pest management are further possibilities to advance the use of PRIs. Finally, we discuss the challenges which need to be addressed to make PRIs available for small-scale farmers in low-income countries. Although PRIs have successfully presented significant rates of disease prevention under controlled conditions, converting these findings into field application still depends on more studies, e.g. on how they can be integrated into disease management programmes. Better mechanistic understanding of IR together with the coupling of PRIs to new disease monitoring and protection strategies can give PRIs a stronger role in future agricultural practice.
Buruli ulcer: currents status and options for future prevention.
Authors: Maman I. , Makagni T. K. , Piten E. , Yao HoeKou [Yao H. K. P. ] , Maman H. , Tchacondo T. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a serious skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans infection. Over the last 10 years, the understanding of the epidemiology, ecology, aetiology and physiopathology of BU has progressed considerably. This paper reviews the current knowledge of BU and the options for future prevention. Currently, the BU is distributed in areas where people are living near swampy areas with stagnant or slow-flowing streams, practicing activities related to water contact with evidence of the presence of M. ulcerans in the environment such as soil, plants, water and aquatic insects. Future options for infection control should be focused on the one hand on the disease diagnosis with development of new laboratory point-of-care tests, and patient treatment by encouraging oral drugs treatment as well as the initiation of traditional plant-based treatments in the context of low- and middle-income countries. On the other hand, the prevention could also be strengthened by wound management as pillar in the BU management and encourage sustainable water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services and practices.
Isorhamnetin, a 3’-methoxylated flavonol, enhances the lysosomal proteolysis in J774.1 murine macrophages in a TFEB-independent manner.
Authors: Sakai Maiko , Ohnishi Kohta , Masuda Masashi , Ohminami Hirokazu , Yamanaka-Okumura Hisami , Hara Taichi , Taketani Yutaka 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Lysosome is the principal organelle for the ultimate degradation of cellular macromolecules, which are delivered through endocytosis, phagocytosis, and autophagy. The lysosomal functions have been found to be impaired by fatty foods and aging, and more importantly, the lysosomal dysfunction in macrophages has been reported as a risk of atherosclerosis development. In this study, we searched for dietary polyphenols which possess the activity for enhancing the lysosomal degradation in J774.1, a murine macrophage-like cell line. Screening test utilizing DQ-BSA digestion identified isorhamnetin (3ʹ-O-methylquercetin) as an active compound. Interestingly, structural comparison to inactive flavonols revealed that the chemical structure of the B-ring moiety in isorhamnetin is the primary determinant of its lysosome-enhancing activity. Unexpectedly isorhamnetin failed to inhibit mTORC1-TFEB signaling, a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and function. Our data suggested that the other molecular mechanism might be critical for the regulation of lysosomes in macrophages.
Abbreviations: ANOVA: analysis of variance; ApoE: apolipoprotein E; ATP6V0D2: ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit d2; BAF: bafilomycin A1; BODIPY: boron dipyrromethene; BSA: bovine serum albumin; CTSD: cathepsin D; CTSF: cathepsin F; DMEM: Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; EGCG: epigallocatechin-3-gallate; FBS: fetal bovine serum; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LAMP2A: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2A; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; MITF: microphthalmia-associated transcription factor; MRM: multiple reaction monitoring; mTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; RT-qPCR: reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction; SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate; SNARE: soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor attachment protein receptor; TBS: Tris-buffered saline; TFA: trifluoroacetic acid; TFE3: transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3; TFEB: transcriptional factor EB; TFEC: transcription factor EC; V-ATPase: vacuolar-type proton ATPase.
Metered reagent injection into microfluidic continuous flow sampling for conductimetric ocean dissolved inorganic carbon sensing
Authors: Tweedie Mark , Macquart Antonin , Almeida Joao , Ward Brian , Maguire Paul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Continuous autonomous measurement of total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) in the oceans is critical for climate change modelling and ocean acidification measurement. A microfluidic conductivity-based approach will permit integration of miniaturised chemical analysis systems into Argo ocean floats, for long-term, high-accuracy depth profiling of dissolved CO2 with minimal reagent payload. Precise metering, suitable for sample acidification and CO2 liberation, is addressed. Laser etched microfluidic snake channel restrictors and asymmetric Y-meters were fabricated, with channel dimensions down to ∼75 μm, to adjust metering ratios between seawater and acid simulants. Hydrodynamic resistances, from flow versus pressure measurements, were compared with finite element simulations for various cross-section profiles and areas. Microfluidic metering circuits were constructed from various resistance snake channels and Y-junction components. Sample to acid volume ratios (meter ratio) up to 100:1 have been achieved with 300 μm wide snake channels for lengths >m. At highest resolution, the footprint would be >600 mm2. Circuits based solely on asymmetric Y-junctions gave maximum meter ratios of 16:1 with a footprint of <40 mm2 and ∼0.2% precision. Further refinement is required to ensure the integrity of such small channels in integration of metering units into full TCO2 analysis microfluidic circuits.