bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Botulinum Toxin Injections for Chronic Migraine in Pregnancy: Experience from Hull Headache Clinic Over 9 Years.
Authors: Wong Ho Tin , Khalil Modar , Ahmed Fayyaz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective:To report the pregnancy outcomes on patients with Chronic Migraine exposed to OnabotulinumtoxinA from Hull Headache Clinic. Background:Migraines are common in women of reproductive age and those with Chronic Migraine have a major impact on their activities of daily living and health-related quality of life. Apart from low dose amitriptyline and beta-blockers all other prophylactic agents have proven teratogenic effects. OnabotulinumtoxinA is approved as preventive treatment for adult patients with Chronic Migraine, although its impact on pregnancy is unknown. Methods:We prospectively collected data for efficacy and safety on all patients treated with OnabotulinumtoxinA at the Hull Headache Clinic. The toxin is administered as per PREEMPT paradigm. Female patients of reproductive age group receiving OnabotulinumtoxinA are given advice on contraception and the unknown impact of the toxin on pregnancy. They are asked to report pregnancy when they are appraised on the risk/benefit of treatment continuation. All patients are consented for access to their medical records and pregnancy outcome and those who wished to continue are asked to sign a disclaimer. Pregnancy outcome data was collected on all patients for the mode of delivery, birth weight and congenital malformation and any other unexpected outcomes. Results:Over 9 years period 45 patients reported pregnancy while receiving OnabotulinumtoxinA. All patients had received OnabotulinumtoxinA within three months prior to the date of conception. 32 patients wished to continue treatment during pregnancy while the remaining 13 stopped treatment. Apart from 1 miscarriage in the treatment group, all patients had full term healthy babies of normal birth weight and no congenital malformations. Conclusion:We report our experience of 45 patients exposed to OnabotulinumtoxinA during pregnancy. Although the numbers are small, there was no impact of the toxin was found on the pregnancy outcomes.
Pseudomonas Species Isolated via High-throughput Screening Significantly Protect Cotton Plants Against Verticillium Wilt
Authors: Tao Xiaoyuan , Zhang Hailin , Gao Mengtao , Li Menglin , Zhao Ting , Guan Xueying 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Verticillium wilt (VW) caused by Verticillium dahliae is a devastating soil-borne disease that causes severe yield losses in cotton and other major crops worldwide. Here we conducted a high-throughput screening of isolates recovered from 886 plant rhizosphere samples taken from the three main cotton-producing areas of China. Fifteen isolates distributed in different genera of bacteria that showed inhibitory activity against V. dahliae were screened out. Of these, two Pseudomonas strains, P. protegens XY2F4 and P. donghuensis 22G5, showed significant inhibitory action against V. dahliae. Additional comparative genomic analyses and phenotypical assays confirmed that P. protegens XY2F4 and P. donghuensis 22G5 were the strains most efficient at protecting cotton plants against VW due to specific biological control products they produced. Importantly, we identified a significant efficacy of the natural tropolone compound 7-hydroxytropolone (7-HT) against VW. By phenotypical assay using the wild-type 22G5 and its mutant strain in 7-HT production, we revealed that the 7-HT produced by P. donghuensis is the major substance protecting cotton against VW. This study reveals that Pseudomonas specifically has gene clusters that allow the production of effective antipathogenic metabolites that can now be used as new agents in the biocontrol of VW.
Mathematical and Statistical Study on COVID19- SIR Model
Authors: Datta Jaydip 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this combinatorial study let us try to simulate the four cases starting from viral spreading kinetics , Gaussian distribution of the infectious disease , mortality statistics like infection fatality ratio ( IFR ) with the distribution of age of the patient through sigmoid regression method approach and finally the most important modeling of remdesivir on the basis of Molecular bonding method ( LCAO). It is an alternative approach to susceptibility – infectivity – recovery ( SIR ) model .
HSF2 is a Promising Prognostic Biomarker and is Correlated With Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Han Bihui , Meng Yanxiu , Fan Yumei , Liu Bing , Hou Jiajie , Chen Fei , Chang Jing , Cao Pengxiu , Tan Ke 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Heat shock factor 2 (HSF2) is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in development, particularly corticogenesis and spermatogenesis. However, studies on the expression and prognostic value of HSF2 and its association with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in HCC are still rare. MethodsThe TCGA, Oncomine, UALCAN, HCCDB and HPA databases were used to investigate HSF2 expression in HCC. Kaplan-Meier plotter, GEPIA and HCCDB databases were used to evaluate the association of HSF2 with the prognosis of HCC patients. Genetic alteration of HSF2 was examined by the cBioPortal database. The mechanism was investigated with Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GESA), and the relationship between HSF2 expression and immune infiltration was explored through the TIMER database and CIBERSORT algorithm.Results In the present study, we found that HSF2 expression was significantly upregulated in HCC compared with normal liver tissues. High HSF2 expression was associated with poor survival in HCC patients. GO, KEGG and GESA analyses demonstrated that HSF2 was associated with various signaling pathways, including the immune response. Notably, HSF2 expression was significantly correlated with the infiltration levels of different immune cells. HSF2 expression also displayed a significant correlation with multiple immune marker sets in HCC. ConclusionsIn summary, we explored the clinical significance of HSF2 and provided a therapeutic basis for the early diagnosis, prognostic judgment, and immunotherapy of HCC.
Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 in the Setting of Chronic Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Thiesset PhD Heather F. , Newman MS Michael , Tonna MD Joseph E. , Merrill PhD Ray M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: There are no known studies regarding the effects of COVID-19 in patients with a concurrent diagnosis of opioid use disorder (OUD). Due to the rapidly developing nature and consequences of this disease, it is important to identify patients at an increased risk for serious illness. The aim of this study was to understand the disease burden of COVID-19 on patients with OUD by looking at their rates of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and receipt of mechanical ventilator support.Methods: This retrospective chart review compared clinical parameters from patients with positive COVID-19 status as identified by a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test and diagnosed OUD at the University of Utah Health. Descriptive statistics and prevalence ratios (PRs) were generated. Log binomial models generated PRs adjusted by age, sex, race, and comorbidities of asthma, pneumonia, and diabetes.Results: COVID-19 patients with OUD were significantly more likely than patients without OUD to have asthma (p<0.01), diabetes (p<0.01), and chronic pneumonia (p<0.01), to be hospitalized (23% vs 4%; p<0.01), to be admitted to the ICU (11% vs 2%; p<0.01), and to receive mechanical ventilation (7% vs 1%; p<0.01). After adjusting for age, sex, race, asthma, pneumonia, and diabetes, patients with OUD continued to be at increased risk for inpatient hospitalization (aPR=5.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.29-13.92), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (aPR=0.69, 95% CI = 0.19-2.45), and mechanical ventilation (aPR=1.25, 95% CI =0.27-5.75). Patients with OUD averaged longer stays in the hospital than those without OUD (9.53 days vs 0.70 days, p<.001).Conclusion: Patients that have a diagnosis of OUD in the presence of COVID-19 are more likely to be hospitalized, admitted to the ICU, receive mechanical ventilation and have longer hospital inpatient stays compared to patients without OUD.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in CSF by ultrahigh depth sequencing in a patient with COVID-19 and neurological dysfunction: a case report
Authors: Xiang Pan , Xu Xinmin , Lu Xin , Gao Lili , Wang Huizhu , Li Zhenpeng , Xiong Haofeng , Li Ruihong , Xiong Yanwen , Pu Lin , Qin Tian , Jin Fangfang , Ren Hongyu , Li Chuansheng , Yang Jing , Zhang Ming , Gong Jie , Chen Xiaoping , Zheng Han , Tan Jianbo , Sun Yao , Zhao Fei , Hou Xuexin , Liu Yufeng , Guo Hebing , Hao Jingjing , Kan Biao , Zhou Haijian , Wang Yajie , Liu Jingyuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), not only infects the respiratory tract, but also other organs. About a third of the inpatients of COVID-19 have neurological symptoms and in vitro experiments revealed that SARS-CoV-2 could infect human neural progenitor cells and brain organoids. However, the traditional test often reports negative owing to the low number of virus in the cerebrospinal fluid. To date, timely diagnosis of central nervous system infection of SARS-CoV-2 remains a challenge.Case presentation: On day 14 of COVID-19, seizures, maxillofacial convulsions, intractable hiccups and significant increase in intracranial pressure developed in a 56-year-old man. The RT-PCR of SARS-CoV-2 was negative. SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid were detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by ultrahigh depth sequencing. The patient was successfully treated after 14 days of mechanical ventilation and treatment of pneumonia and neurological dysfunction.Conclusions: This case suggests SARS-CoV-2 can invade the central nervous system and relevant examinations with CSF including ultrahigh depth sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 are needed among COVID-19 patients with neurological dysfunction.
Mathematical Model of Whey-Based Granulation Dispersed Mixtures Process in Disk-Type Devices
Authors: Maytakov Anatolij 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. In Russia, production of juice, whey, milk, and flavor powders is complicated by the lack of effective manufacturing technologies. Thus, a new technological flow for simultaneous use of moisturizing additives and structured capillary-porous granules remains an urgent task as it would allow combining a polydisperse system with instantiation reliability. The research objective was to create a mathematical model of the process of granulation of dispersed mixtures, as well as scientific substantiation for the new technology of instant polydisperse granular beverage mixes.
Study objects and methods. The research featured a disk-type granulator with an activator and a polydisperse whey-based mix. The fractional composition of the mix included cranberry pulp (20%), whey (40%), potato starch (5%), powdered sugar (20%), premixes (5%), etc.
Results and discussion. The research revealed the effect of granulation modes, granulator operation modes, and the phase composition of the initial mix on the profile of the resulting granulated product. The mathematically obtained results were proved experimentally: the model accurately reflected the physical essence of the granulation process of the polydisperse mixes based on local raw materials and whey.
Conclusion. The study provided methods for regulating the process of granulation of polydisperse whey-based mixes n in disktype granulators. The article introduces a mathematical model of the process based on the hypothesis of the stochastic nature of the processes. The granulation process was described as a combination of seven states depending on the granular composition and granulation time.
The Effect of Trehalose on Dispersion of Ice Crystals and Consistency of Low-Fat Ice Cream
Authors: Landikhovskaya Anna , Tvorogova Antonina , Kazakova Natalia , Gursky Igor 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The research objective was to establish the effect of the complete and partial replacement of sucrose by trehalose on the dispersion of ice crystals in ice cream with a low mass fraction of fat and solids.
Study objects and methods. The present research featured three test samples of ice cream with a 3% mass fraction of fat: one with a complete replacement of sucrose (15.5%) and two with a partial replacement of 7.5% and 3%. In the control sample, the mass fraction of sucrose was 15.5%. To control the dynamic viscosity indicator of consistency, the research employed such an advanced method as rotational viscometry. Microstructure methods were used to determine the dispersion of ice crystals and the air phase.
Results and discussion. The usage of trehalose in the production of low-fat ice cream in the amounts of 3.0%, 7.5%, and 15% increased the dispersion of ice crystals and preserved it during storage. After three months of storage, most ice crystals in the test ice cream samples had a size of ≤ 45 μm with an organoleptic sensibility of ≤ 50 μm, while in the control sample (15.5% of sucrose) it did not exceed 60 μm. The experiment determined the effect of trehalose on the consistency of ice cream according to the following indicators: dynamic viscosity, overrun, and dispersion of the air phase. 15.5% of trehalose increased the dynamic viscosity of ice cream mix by 1.2 times as compared to the sample with the same concentration of sucrose. According to the average diameter of air bubbles, trehalose helped to preserve the dispersion of the air phase during storage. After three months, Sample 1 with 15.5% of trehalose demonstrated the maximum dispersion, which was 17% higher than in the control sample with a sucrose mass fraction of 15.5%.
Conclusion. The complete (15.5%) and partial (3% and 7.5%) sucrose replacement by trehalose in low-fat ice cream increased the dispersion of ice crystals and improved its consistency. Unlike the sample with 15.5% of sucrose, samples with trehalose had smaller ice crystals, which remained the same after three months. The trehalose samples had a better dynamic viscosity and air saturation. The research requires a further study of dispersion of ice crystals after 12 months of storage.
New determination method for the ratio of the relative proportions of ϰ-casein alleles in milk powder
Authors: Gilmanov Khamid , Semipyatniy Vladislav , Bigaeva Alana , Vafin Ramil , Turovskaya Svetlana 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. High-quality dairy products depend on the properties of raw materials. Milk is the basic raw material for all dairy products. Its quality is subject to requirements of biological safety, and its physicochemical and technological properties comply with strict indicators. ϰ-casein gene is a basic milk protein. Its allelic variants affect milk productivity, as well as its composition and technological properties, e.g. cheeseability and heat resistance. The research objective was to develop a new method for determining the ratio of the relative proportions of selection-significant kappa-casein gene alleles in bulk cow’s milk powder by means of molecular genetics and bioinformation system. The method can help to test raw materials for further processing rationality.
Study objects and methods. The research included a genetic analysis of samples of bulk whole milk powder, bulk powdered skimmed milk, and bulk raw milk. The developed method involved DNA extraction, combined PCR-RFLP technique, electrophoretic results, and analysis detection of information data using new mathematical algorithms and software.
Results and discussion. The ratio of the relative proportions of the kappa-casein gene alleles in milk powder was determined using primer sets JK5 and JK3, as well as restriction endonuclease HinfI for PCR-RFLP analysis. The experiment showed satisfactory reproducibility and interpretation of the obtained data. The program provided a ratio calculation of the kappa-casein gene alleles relative proportions in the studied milk powder samples, expressed as a percentage of the A allele proportion with additional indication of the absolute and relative errors. It also placed the information block of the generated numerical indicators into the percentage scale.
Conclusion. The developed methodology was implemented by a set of laboratory procedures. The new specialized program “Calculation of the relative proportions ratio of ϰ-casein alleles in bulk milk” is on open access. It provides a correct and prompt data interpretation, generated during the analysis of dry milk raw materials of bulk origin.
Model Pembelajaran SETS Berbantuan Media Audio Visual Terhadap Kompetensi Pengetahuan IPA
Authors: Sudarmawan I Made , Surya Abadi Ida Bagus Gede , Putra Made 
Published: October 2020

Rendahnya kompetensi pengetahuan IPA siswa yang disebabkan oleh kurang optimalnya penggunaan model pembelajaran menyebabkan siswa sulit untuk memahami pembelajaran. Berkenaan dengan hal tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran SETS Berbantuan Media Audio Visual terhadap kompetensi pengetahuan IPA kelas V SD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji-t menggunakan rumus Polled Varians. Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh thitung = 3,154 kemudian dibandingkan dengan nilai ttabel (2,000) pada taraf signifikansi 5 % dan dk = 60 yaki. Dari perbandingan diperoleh karena thitung > ttabel sehingga Ho ditolak. Ini berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan kompetensi pengetahuan IPA antara kelompok yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran SETS Berbantuan Media Audio Visual dengan kelompok yang dibelajarkan menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional pada siswa kelas V SD Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020.
KOMBINASI METODE PENJEMURAN DAN PENGERINGAN TUMPUKAN UNTUK MEMPERBAIKI MUTU BIJI KAKAO KERING
Authors: Lestari Tya , Nelwan Leopold Oscar , Darmawati Emmy , Samsudin Samsudin , Purwanto Eko Heri 
Published: October 2020

Deficiencies in the drying and stacking methods of cocoa beans can be minimized by using a combination of both to improve quality. The purpose of this study was to obtain physicochemical and organoleptic quality information of dried cocoa beans produced by a combination of drying and stack drying. The treatments analyzed were drying 3, 8 and 16 hours followed by mechanical drying using an air flow of 0.05 m/s and 0.2 m/s at a temperature of 55 °C. As a control is only mechanical drying with two flow rates, up to a water content <6%. Measurement data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and mean values. The best combination of drying and mechanical drying is found in 8 hours of drying with an air flow velocity of 0.05 m/s and 0.2 m/s. The combination of sun and mechanical drying has no effect on physical parameters namely water content and pH, chemical parameters namely total fat and fermentation index. The best color of cocoa beans is produced from a combination of 16 hours of drying with an air flow rate of 0.05 m/s. The lowest free fatty acid levels come from full mechanical drying with an air flow velocity of 0.05 m/s and 3 hours drying in the air flow velocity of 0.2 m/s. The combination of the best treatment based on the special requirements of SNI 2008 about the quality of defective seeds and organoleptic test results were produced by 8 hours drying air velocity of 0.05 m/s and 0.2 m/s. Included in the IB quality class and has the aroma, texture and color most preferred by panelists. Keywords: air flow, bed dryer, cacao quality, dried cacao, sundrying
Analisis Kebutuhan Chemistry Games (CGs) pada Pembelajaran Kimia di SMA/MA Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Mahartika Ira , Afrianis Neti , Yuhelman Nofri 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT.This study aimed to comprehend the initial needs of chemistry games (CGs) media through field observation at Senior high schools in Pekanbaru. The data was processed quantitatively and used to determine the type of game that requires further development. This quantitative descriptive research used questionnaires and interviews for collecting data and used purposive sampling as a sampling technique. The number of respondents is 18 teachers and 140 students from 7 Senior high schools in Pekanbaru. The results showed: 1) The needs of learning media generally varies at each school; 42,86% needs an electronic-based chemistry games media and 57,14% needs both non-electronic and electronic-based chemistry games media, 2) Students demanded an instructional media that educational, interactive, exciting and fun, with a game form, 3) Teachers overwhelmed making an instructional teaching media. Keywords : Need Assessment, Instructional Media of Chemistry, Chemistry Game ABSTRAK.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kebutuhan media permainan kimia secara real melalui pengamatan dilapangan yang dilakukan pada SMA/MA di Kota Pekanbaru. Data yang didapatkan kemudian diolah secara kuantitatif dan digunakan sebagai pertimbangan untuk menentukan jenis permainan yang akan dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melalui angket dan wawancara. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling sehingga didapatkan 7 sekolah SMA/MA di Kota Pekanbaru yang dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian dengan jumlah guru sebanyak 18 orang dan siswa 140 orang. Temuan utama pada penelitian ini yaitu : 1) Kebutuhan media pembelajaran pada umumnya bervariasi pada setiap sekolah, 2) Siswa sangat menginginkan media pembelajaran yang edukatif, interaktif, menarik dan tidak membosankan yaitu salah satunya dengan sebuah permainan, 3) Guru memiliki keterbatasan waktu dalam membuat media pembelajaran. Kata Kunci : analisis kebutuhan, media pembelajaran kimia, permainan kimia
الاليات الدولية لحماية حقوق الانسان في إطار الامم المتحدة
Authors: Saed Raqeeb H.R. , Aqrawi Najdat S. 
Published: October 2020

تعتمد الامم المتحدة في سبيل أداء وظائفها على مجموعة من الاليات و الاجهزة و المنظمات و الهيئات التابعة لها و كل منها مناط بها مجموعة من الوظائف و المهمات الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية و السياسية و الانسانية في سبيل تعزيز التعاون الدولي في المجالات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية والتعليمية والصحية والمساعدة في تعزيز حقوق الإنسان والحريات الأساسية و حمايتها، و على الرغم من إن حماية حقوق الانسان في الاصل هي من صلب أعمال السلطة التنفيذية و القضائية في الدولة ، و لكن ما هو الحال عندما تكون الدولة هي الجهة التي تنتهك مبادئ حقوق الانسان و بمسميات مختلفة و تحت ذريعة إستتباب الامن و الاستقرار و فرض النظام و خاصةً عندما تكون من التصرفات المتوقعة و النمطية للسلطة في دولة ما، و الذي ينبغي معهُ التدخل من الامم المتحدة و المنظمات الدولية سواء بطلب المنظمات المعنية بحقوق الانسان أو من قبل ذوي الضحايا، على الرغم من إن هذهِ التدخلات قد لا تصيب هدفها المنشود منها و الغرض الذي تم لإجلهِ التدخل و خاصةً في حال إستخدام القوة لدرع دولة ما عن تصرفاتها ، لما يشوب هذهِ التدخلات من معوقات و صعوبات تتنوع إلى سياسية أو إقتصادية، أو قانونية إو تمويلية.
Optimization and Parallelization of Simplified Balas' and Christofides' Algorithm for the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Бурховецкий Виктор Витальевич 
Published: October 2020

В работе описывается точный параллельный алгоритм для задачи коммивояжера, основанный на упрощенном алгоритме Балаша/Кристофидеса, его оптимизация и увеличение эффективности распараллеливания. За счет нового метода передачи заданий между параллельными потоками алгоритм способен решать задачи с 3000 вершинами (со случайными весами дуг), в среднем, за минуту, а задачи с 10000 вершинами — за 50 минут. Возможность решать задачи с более чем 3000 вершинами появилась благодаря проведенной автором оптимизации расхода памяти.