bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baseflow separation of some springs in the Jonggrangan karst area, Java, Indonesia
Authors: Pratama A D , Adji T N , Dwiputra D S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Karst aquifer flow can be divided into diffuse, fissure, and conduit. Diffuse (base) flow plays a role in maintaining the continuity of karst springs. This research was conducted in the Kiskendo underground river, Mudal spring, and Anjani underground river, which is located in the Jonggrangan karst area, to determine variations in the base flow proportion in the three locations. Water level and discharge data are collected for a year (March 2018-March 2019). The water level and discharge data pairs are then used to create a rating curve to obtain flow hydrographs during the study period. Several flood events are then chosen to calculate the baseflow recession constant. Separation of base flow is automatically carried out to determine the percentage of base flow during the study period. The results showed that all three locations had fluctuating hydrographs that followed the seasons, with many peaks of flood hydrographs occurred following rainfall events. This condition shows that all three locations have developed aquifers. Although this is the case, flows in the three locations tend to be dominated by base flow both during the dry and rainy seasons, which indicates the capacity of aquifers to store groundwater is still good. Besides, the results of the base flow separation show that the percentage increases during the dry season and decreases during the rainy season. The decrease in the percentage of base flow during the rainy season is due to the contribution of direct flow (fissure and conduit) to the karstic aquifer.
Estimation of land surface temperature in Dieng volcanic complex using tir-based satellite imageries
Authors: Astisiasari  , Hizbaron D R , Setiawan M A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The satellite-based Land Surface Temperature (LST) and its anomaly values were observed in the geothermal area of Dieng Volcanic Complex (DVC). Landsat-8 and ASTER product on surface kinetic temperature (AST-08) were selected, based on its spectral and spatial resolution characteristics, as well as its retrieval methods applied for the LST extraction. Statistical analysis was performed on the pixel-integrated temperatures to cross-compare both of the remote sensing-based LST. Thermal Infrared (TIR)-based LST was also correlated with the LST reference from a field measurement. Correlation between the field measurement and satellite-based LST was considered insignificantly weak; while correlation between the satellite-based LST (Landsat-8 with SW and ASTER-based with TES) was significantly strong. The LST registration approaches cause difference on correlation strength. Field-based LST directly measured the ground kinetic temperature of sample points with infrared thermometer; while satellite-based LST sensed the thermal radiation emitted by the represented objects in a pixel area that possibly mixed the LST values. The clusters in response to geothermal features reflected bias result; as the thermal anomalies were less pronounced, observed from both of the satellite-based LST estimation.
Sensitivity Analysis of Surface Runoff Parameters Towards Peak Discharge and Flood Volume
Authors: Hidayat S , Soekarno S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Inappropriate urban flood management may cause deterioration of urban living quality, known as urban decay. In order to avoid this, the sensitivity of surface runoff parameters towards peak discharge (Qp) and flood volume (Vf) needs to be analysed. By conducting sensitivity analysis, the influence of any runoff parameter to these two output can be assessed quantitatively. This study aims to sort out the sensitivity of seven runoff parameters towards Qp and Vf at part of the suburb of Mawson Lakes, South Australia. Four synthetic rainfall events with the Annual Recurrence Interval (ARI) of 2-year and 50-year; each with the duration of 12 hour and 72-hour; were generated by the AusIFD software. The hourly intensity values of these synthetic rainfall were then fed into the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to predict Qp and Vf. Further, the initial values of runoff parameters based on previous studies were used in the first flood estimation. Different sets of parameters which were 25% less than and greater than the initial values were used in the next flood modelling. Results showed that the most sensitive parameters were %-impervious followed by Manning’s n-pervious. Modelling using initial values of parameters produced Qp and Vf of 0.340 m3/s and 2.372 MCM for 2-year ARI respectively, whereas the corresponding values for 50-year ARI were 0.519 m3/s and 3.424 MCM, respectively. Decreasing the parameter initial values by 25% produced. Meanwhile, increasing the parameters’ initial value by 25%.
Magma evolution of Slamet Volcano, Central Java, Indonesia based on lava characteristic
Authors: Harijoko A , Milla A N , Wibowo H E , Setiawan N I 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We reported magma evolution of Slamet volcano, both temporally and spatially, as represented by its lava characteristics. Slamet volcano, located in Central Java Indonesia, is a Quaternary basaltic stratovolcano and part of the extensive Sunda volcanic arc. Slamet volcanism stage can be divided into Old Slamet and Young Slamet. Old Slamet characterized by basaltic to andesite (SiO2 49-59%), composition and have rough morphology in the western flank. Meanwhile, Young Slamet has more mafic composition, basaltic to basaltic andesite (SiO2 48-52%), and smoother morphology in the eastern flank. Variation of major, minor, and trace element combined with petrographic features suggest that the differentiation process of Slamet magma is dominantly caused by fractional crystallization and magma mixing. Detailed temporal evolution suggested that magma of each Old Slamet and Young Slamet undergo a differentiation process that changes magma composition from mafic to more felsic for several times. Old Slamet evolved more intensive, producing a wide range of silica content and might coincide with some explosive events in the past. Young Slamet which the youngest stage represented by Guci unit is dominated by mafic magma. Differences between Old and Young Slamet lead to the conclusion that they come from a different magma chamber.
Tobacco farmers Perspective towards increasing climate change risk on agriculture sector: a case study of Temanggung- Indonesia
Authors: Nurjani E , Harini R , Sekaranom AB , Mutaqqin AS 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Predicted increasing climate variability and change in the future by the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change have significant impact towards agricultural sector in Indonesia.Local farm commodities in Indonesia, such as tobacco, are very sensitive to changing climate. This study aims to measure tobacco farmers perspective towards increasing climate riskin Indonesia. Tobacco plantationarea in Temanggung District is selected as a case study since it is well known for its tobacco production, particularly for cigarette.Focus Group Discussion (FGD) towards local tobacco farmers has been conducted to identify how the weather and climate affect the farmer activity, as well as the climate risk due to increasing unpredictability of weather and climate. The result shows that in farmers perspective, it becomes more difficult to manage the farmlands. For the case of tobacco, excessive rainfalls orinsufficient rainfall could cause crop failure. As a result, the tobacco productivity is not as large compared to the past. The farmers also have lower income compared to the past5 years due to lower tobacco quality and quantity.
Sustainable livelihood strategies: comparative cases at the aftermath of landslide at Ponorogo and Bantul, Indonesia
Authors: Kurnia W , Hizbaron D R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study discusses the sustainable livelihood strategies of landslide impacted two different regions, namely: Banaran Village-Ponorogo Regency and Wukirsari village-Bantul Regency. Banaran landslide caused 28 houses to be buried, 28 people died, and 40 families directly affected. Wukirsari landslide caused 18 houses damaged, 4 people died, 2 people were injured, 15 families fled to different areas. Banaran Village is an Agrarian Village in rural area, and Wukirsari Village is an Industrial Village in urban area. These different types of villages affected the capacity of local people to cope with disasters. This research employed a spatial temporal statistical method with livelihood component to be evaluated. There are several indicators such as meeting the needs of life and utilizing the social-family-government network observed in each household. The more diverse the activities that are owned, the higher the income, so to increase the capacity of directly affected populations requires a variety of activities as a form of livelihood strategy. Meanwhile, they show different livelihood strategy in disasters: the rural people depending on government and family assistance, while the urban people rely more on various source of income and family assistance to survive.
Urbanization philosophical perspective of slum settings in The City Of Palembang
Authors: Sukmaniar  , Joko Pitoyo Agus , Kurniawan Andri 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Philosophical urbanization occurs because humans jointly move ( migrate ) to a destination area in search of a better life than before . Population density in urban areas will give birth to slums in the city of Palembang. Migrants who have a low economy will live in slums. Studi was conducted desk study with use a philosophical approach in order to obtain an essential explanation of the process of urbanization to the development of slums in the city of Palembang. The results of this study are that they migrated because they were influenced by important reasons namely employment reasons. The essential truth is that they migrate because they need money to eat, while the place they work in their native area is generally a farmer who earns an income that is uncertain and in accordance with natural conditions. When nature is not supporting, poverty is also affected by each of its citizens, forcing them to immediately go to look for cities with high economic activity. Migrants who have a low economy will occupy slums in the city of Palembang. This migration activity continues to follow the previous family so that it increases urbanization in Palembang City.
Cognitive and Motor Norms for Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Mills James A , Long Jeffrey D , Mohan Amrita , Ware Jennifer J , Sampaio Cristina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
The progression of Huntington’s disease (HD) for gene-expanded carriers is well-studied. Natural aging effects, however, are not often considered in the evaluation of HD progression.

Objective
To examine the effects of natural aging for healthy controls and to develop normative curves by age, sex, and education from the distribution of observed scores for the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Stroop Word Reading Test, Stroop Color Naming Test, Stroop Interference Test, Total Motor Score, and Total Functional Capacity (TFC) from the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) along with a composite score.

Methods
After combining longitudinal REGISTRY and Enroll-HD data, we used quantile regression and natural cubic splines for age to fit models for healthy controls (N = 3,394; N observations = 8,619). Normative curves were estimated for the 0.05, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 0.95 quantiles. Two types of reference curves were considered: unconditional curves were dependent on age alone, whereas conditional curves were dependent on age and other covariates, namely sex and education.

Results
Conditioning on education was necessary for the Symbol Digit, Stroop Word, Stroop Color, Stroop Interference, and composite UHDRS. Unconditional curves were sufficient for the Total Motor Score. TFC was unique in that the curve was constant over age with its intercept at the maximum score (TFC = 13). For all measures, sex effects were minimal, so conditioning on sex was unwarranted.

Conclusions
Extreme quantile estimates for each measure can be considered as boundaries for natural aging and scores falling beyond these thresholds are likely the result of disease progression. Normative curves and tables are developed and can serve as references for clinical characterization in HD.
An invasive amphibian drives antipredator responses in two prey at different trophic positions
Authors: Secondi Jean , Raux Fanny 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Generalist invasive predators consume prey at different trophic levels and generate drastic changes in local communities. However, the long-term effects of predation may be reduced by eco-evolutionary responses of native populations. The capacity of prey species distributed across the trophic network to develop antipredator responses may determine the ecosystem potential to buffer against the invader. The African clawed frog is a major invader on several continents. Because of its large size, generalist diet, and aquatic lifestyle, we predicted the development of antipredator responses in prey species at different trophic levels. We tested for behavioral shifts between populations within and outside the invasive range in the herbivorous snail Physella acuta and the predatory heteropteran, the backswimmer Notonecta glauca. We detected antipredator responses in both prey species. In sympatry, P. acuta stayed higher in the water column, while N. glauca spent more time swimming underwater and less time surfacing when the predator cues were present. In allopatry, P. acuta dived deeper and N. glauca spent more time surfacing and stayed longer still underwater. In both species, sympatric populations showed evidence of olfactory recognition of the frog. Our results show that the introduction of a top predator like Xenopus laevis in the pond ecosystem drives behavioral antipredator responses in species across the trophic network. Eco-evolutionary processes may allow some degree of long-term resilience of pond communities to the invasion of X. laevis.
Ownership diversity and the risk-taking channel of monetary policy transmission
Authors: Caselli Giorgio , Figueira Catarina , Nellis Joseph G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper joins a rapidly growing body of literature that aims to uncover the link between monetary policy and bank risk taking. We investigate the hypothesis that the ownership composition of the banking system moderates monetary policy transmission via the risk-taking channel. Borrowing measures used in ecology to quantify diversity of species within an ecosystem and first applied to the field of finance by Michie, J. and Oughton, C. 2013. ‘Measuring Diversity in Financial Services Markets: A Diversity Index’, Centre for Financial and Management Studies Discussion Papers no. 113, this paper shows that the impact of exogenous monetary policy shocks on banks’ probability of default is reduced in countries with greater ownership diversity. We also find that—ceteris paribus—shareholder- and stakeholder-oriented banks located in more ownership-diverse systems tend to have a lower appetite for risk than their counterparts operating in less diverse markets. These results are robust across several econometric specifications and emphasise the stabilising role played by ownership diversity in modern financial systems. At the same time, our evidence suggests that a more interdisciplinary approach, firmly grounded in the applied, empirical research methodology, can provide novel and useful insights into the implications of monetary policy for financial and economic outcomes.
Scope of health problems managed by general practitioners in Mali and France: awaiting practice transition in sub-Saharan Africa?
Authors: Naville Raphaël , Subtil Fabien , Sy Mansour , Marquis Michel , Costes Pierre , Letrilliart Laurent 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Minimal data are available on the clinical activity of general practitioners (GPs) in Africa.

Objective
To describe the health problems managed by GPs in Mali as compared with France where epidemiological transition is already advanced.

Methods
A retrospective, multicenter study, conducted in five Malian Community Health Centers. We compared their consultation data to those of the ECOGEN (Eléments de la COnsultation en médecine GENérale) study conducted in 128 French general practices, after data standardization for age and sex.

Results
Malian and French databases included 19 068 and 19 341 consultations, respectively. Patients had an average of 1.2 health problems managed per consultation in Mali, versus 2.2 in France. They were dominated by infections (51.3%) in Mali, including malaria (24.9%), pneumonia (9.0%) and gastrointestinal infections (5.0%). In comparison with French GPs, Malian GPs more frequently managed cardiovascular (20.2% versus 13.5%), respiratory (15.0% versus 12.4%) and digestive (13.3% versus 7.8%) problems, and less frequently musculoskeletal (3.1% versus 12.6%), endocrine/metabolic (1.5% versus 10.7%) and psychological (0.2% versus 8.2%) problems. The main activity performed by French GPs was prevention (11.0%), which was nominal in Mali. Apart from hypertension, which accounted for 18.9% of the health problems managed in Mali, chronic conditions were less often managed by Malian GPs than by French GPs (12.3% versus 39.6%).

Conclusions
Africa is currently at the crossroads where chronic conditions carried with the epidemiological transition are progressing, while the burden of communicable diseases is still overwhelming. Along with the enhancing medicalization of primary care in Mali, the transition of practices is just emerging.
General practitioners’ perceptions on the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a risk prediction checklist to support their end-of-life discussions in routine care: a qualitative study
Authors: Lewis Ebony T , Mahimbo Abela , Linhart Christine , Williamson Margaret , Morgan Mark , Hammill Kathrine , Hall John , Cardona Magnolia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundGeneral practitioners’ (GPs) play a central role in facilitating end-of-life discussions with older patients nearing the end-of-life. However, prognostic uncertainty of time to death is one important barrier to initiation of these discussions.ObjectiveTo explore GPs’ perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of a risk prediction checklist to identify older patients in their last 12 months of life and describe perceived barriers and facilitators for implementing end-of-life planning.MethodsQualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 GPs practising in metropolitan locations in New South Wales and Queensland between May and June 2019. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsEight themes emerged: accessibility and implementation of the checklist, uncertainty around checklist’s accuracy and usefulness, time of the checklist, checklist as a potential prompt for end-of-life conversations, end-of-life conversations not an easy topic, end-of-life conversation requires time and effort, uncertainty in identifying end-of-life patients and limited community literacy on end-of-life. Most participants welcomed a risk prediction checklist in routine practice if assured of its accuracy in identifying which patients were nearing end-of-life.ConclusionsMost participating GPs saw the value in risk assessment and end-of-life planning. Many emphasized the need for appropriate support, tools and funding for prognostic screening and end-of-life planning for this to become routine in general practice. Well validated risk prediction tools are needed to increase clinician confidence in identifying risk of death to support end-of-life care planning.
Sensitivity maps for time-reverse imaging: an accuracy study for the Los Humeros Geothermal Field (Mexico)
Authors: Finger C , Saenger E H 
Published: March 2020

SUMMARY
The estimation of the source–location accuracy of microseismic events in reservoirs is of significant importance. Time-reverse imaging (TRI) provides a highly accurate localization scheme to locate events by time-reversing the recorded full wavefield and back propagating it through a velocity model. So far, the influence of the station geometry and the velocity model on the source–location accuracy is not well known. Therefore, sensitivity maps are developed using the geothermal site of Los Humeros in Mexico to evaluate the spatial variability of the source–location accuracy. Sensitivity maps are created with an assumed gradient velocity model with a constant vp–vs ratio and with a realistic velocity model for the region of Los Humeros. The positions of 27 stations deployed in Los Humeros from September 2017 to September 2018 are used as surface receivers. An automatic localization scheme is proposed that does not rely on any a priori information about the sources and thus negates any user bias in the source locations. The sensitivity maps are created by simulating numerous uniformly distributed sources simultaneously and locating these sources using TRI. The found source locations are compared to the initial source locations to estimate the achieved accuracy. The resulting sensitivity maps show that the station geometry introduces complex patterns in the spatial variation of accuracy. Furthermore, the influence of the station geometry on the source–location accuracy is larger than the influence of the velocity model. Finally, a microearthquake recorded at the geothermal site of Los Humeros is located to demonstrate the usability of the derived sensitivity maps. This study stresses the importance of optimizing station networks to enhance the accuracy when locating seismic events using TRI.
DUX4 expressing immortalized FSHD lymphoblastoid cells express genes elevated in FSHD muscle biopsies, correlating with the early stages of inflammation
Authors: Banerji Christopher R S , Panamarova Maryna , Zammit Peter S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an incurable disorder linked to ectopic expression of DUX4. However, DUX4 is notoriously difficult to detect in FSHD muscle cells, while DUX4 target gene expression is an inconsistent biomarker for FSHD skeletal muscle biopsies, displaying efficacy only on pathologically inflamed samples. Immune gene misregulation occurs in FSHD muscle, with DUX4 target genes enriched for those associated with inflammatory processes. However, there lacks an assessment of the FSHD immune cell transcriptome, and its contribution to gene expression in FSHD muscle biopsies. Here, we show that EBV-immortalized FSHD lymphoblastoid cell lines express DUX4 and both early and late DUX4 target genes. Moreover, a biomarker of 237 up-regulated genes derived from FSHD lymphoblastoid cell lines is elevated in FSHD muscle biopsies compared to controls. The FSHD Lymphoblast score is unaltered between FSHD myoblasts/myotubes and their controls however, implying a non-myogenic cell source in muscle biopsies. Indeed, the FSHD Lymphoblast score correlates with the early stages of muscle inflammation identified by histological analysis on muscle biopsies, while our two late DUX4 target gene expression biomarkers associate with macroscopic inflammation detectable via MRI. Thus, FSHD lymphoblastoid cell lines express DUX4 and early and late DUX4 target genes, therefore, muscle-infiltrated immune cells may contribute the molecular landscape of FSHD muscle biopsies.