bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery of inclusion body protein in Escherichia coli: Effects of solubilization methods and process condition
Authors: Chew F N , Abidin N H Z , Yusof N H M , Rafi N M , Chua G K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Inclusion bodies (IBs) are produced in Escherichia coli cells and solubilization process is required to recover desired protein in bioactive form. Conventional and mild solubilization methods were applied for IBs solubilization and the performances were influenced by respective process condition. Therefore, it is the objective of current work to investigate the effects of solubilization methods on the recovery of soluble enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) from IBs by using urea, alkyl alcohol and freeze thaw method. The present study indicates urea concentration, incubation temperature, type of alcohol and its concentration, freezing duration and freeze thaw cycles influenced the yield and purity of solubilized EGFP. Conventional method using 8 M of urea with incubation temperature of 60°C achieved the highest yield (61%) and purity (10%). Mild IBs solubilization with 6 M of n-butanol and 2 M of urea has solubilized IBs with a yield of 45% and purity of 22%. By freezing and thawing the IBs suspension in 2 M of urea, the yield (66%) and purity (9%) of solubilized EGFP were comparable to that of 8 M of urea in buffer. Hence, mild solubilization using the alkyl alcohol or freeze thaw method is applicable for IBs solubilization.
Air particulate matter dispersion at biomass energy plant using AERMOD Modelling
Authors: Binti Mokhadzir Nur Sakinah , Ramli Azizan Bin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Biomass is included as one of the conventional sources other than solar and hydro energy. There are different types of biomass such as empty fruit bunch (EFB), fronds, mesocarp fibre (MF), trunk and shell. Each type provides a different level of particulate matter and the particulate matter had already emerged as one of the most critical pollutants. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the critical location on-site and to measure and analyse the particulate matter dispersion by using AERMOD Modelling. This paper presents a simulation study of particulate matter dispersion at biomass energy plant. The dispersion of the particulate is studied at Bioenergy plant located at Jengka, Pahang which generates electricity from the EFB waste. The shredded EFB had produced abundant of dust and particulate matter which suspends in the air and deteriorating the air quality. Thus, the dispersion of particulate matter pollutant by the biomass power plant is a rising concern. The influence of other operating variables were studied (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind direction and activity). This paper also compares the concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 disperse from a location that had been marked as critical. From the result, the average concentration of particulate emitted to the air in 24-hour mean is 0.6944 mg/m3 for both size. Based on the guidelines provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), the concentration of both PM2.5 and PM10 are exceeding the level of 24 hour mean of emission and can be concluded as critical.
Screening of factors influencing dilute nitric acid pretreatment for xylan recovery from oil palm frond bagasse
Authors: Mazlan N A , Samad K A , Yussof H W , Samah R A , Jahim J 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant biodegradable material that has been used in obtaining various of valuable products. However, the conversion may hinder due to its solvent insoluble characteristic which can be treated by nitric acid pretreatment. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of nitric acid pretreatment on oil palm frond bagasse (OPFB) for achieving high xylan recovery. A two-level factorial design was employed to determine the best condition for the process. The result revealed that the sequence of contribution effect toward the increment of xylan recovery was found to be temperature > solid loading > reaction time > acid concentration > agitation. Pretreatment of OPFB with nitric acid discovered the temperature of 37 °C with 5% solid loading at 0.01% acid concentration for 24 hours without agitation were determined as the best condition to recover up to 27.63% of xylan. The present results highlight that nitric acid pretreatment has the potential to improve xylan recovery by removing lignin to facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis for product recovery.
Summary of past works of maintenance prioritization and optimization mechanisms for power plant
Authors: Ismail Firas B , N A Fazreen Fuzi , Kamal N A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Annual maintenance is vital for any heavy industries including power plant to ensure the plants operate consistently. A proper maintenance management can reduce the failures occurrence and maintain the good performances. This paper reviews the literature on maintenance optimization mechanisms that have been utilized to solve the difficult and complex problems in power system. A brief introduction and literature review on the turnaround maintenance are included in this paper. In order to optimize the maintenance tasks of power plant systems, the tasks need to be prioritized first. Hence, this paper also presented several literatures on the methods used for maintenance prioritization. This paper includes the most related case studies and references on maintenance actions involved in power plants. The main outcome of this reviewed paper is to become a reference for the power plant people in choosing the best mechanism to be implemented in their plant so that the plant performance can be improved, specifically in term of maintenance practice.
Potentiality of petrochemical wastewater as substrate in microbial fuel cell
Authors: Sarmin Sumaya , Ideris Asmida Binti , Ethiraj Baranitharan , Amirul Islam M , Yee Chin Sim , Rahman Khan Md. Maksudur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The petrochemical wastewater (PCW) from acrylic acid plant possesses very high chemical oxygen demand (COD) due to presence of acrylic acid along with other organic acids. The treatment of PCW by conventional methods is energy intensive. The treatment of PCW with concurrent power generation by employing microbial fuel cell (MFC) could be a potential alternative solving the problem of energy and environment. The goal of the present paper is to evaluate the viability of treating the wastewater using anaerobic sludge as biocatalyst in a dual- chamber MFC for simultaneous power generation and wastewater treatment. This study demonstrates that anaerobic sludge (AS) could work as a biocatalyst producing maximum power density of 0.75 W/m3at current density and open circuit voltage (OCV) of 412 mA/m2 and 0.45 V respectively using PCW with an initial COD of 45,000 mg/L. The COD removal efficiency and the columbic efficiency (CE) were found 40% and 13.11%, respectively. The mechanism of electron transfer in the anode was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the resistances across the electrode/biofilm/solution interface were investigated by employing impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The current work proves the capability of the MFC for the treatment of acrylic acid plant PCW using anaerobic sludge (AS) as biocatalyst.
Effect of microwave power intensity on synthesis of mesoporous titania nanoparticles for degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol: Photoactivity performance and kinetic studies
Authors: Marfur N A , Jaafar N F , Gani F H H 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this study, mesoporous titania nanoparticles (MTN) were synthesized via microwave (MW)-assisted method under various heating power (0.12 (MTN1), 0.37 (MTN2) and 0.56 (MTN3) Wg−1). The performance of MTN was investigated on photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in aqueous solution using a batch reactor under visible light irradiation. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis DRS, BET and FTIR. The degradation of 2,4-DCP showed that catalyst synthesized at MTN2 was the most effective with 89.43% degradation compared to MTN1 and MTN3 with 82.93% and 86.99%, respectively. This result probably MTN2 has the lowest band gap and highest surface area compared to MTN1 and MTN3. The kinetic studies for degradation 2,4-DCP using MTN2 revealed that the reaction followed pseudo-first order kinetics with reaction rate values (kapp
) decreased as the initial concentration increased that proved the system was preferable at low concentration.
Annual Energy Output Simulation of an Optical Concentrator Based PV System for Energy Security
Authors: Foster S , Muhammad-Sukki F , Ramirez-Iniguez R , Freier D , Deciga-Gusi J , Abu-Bakar S H , Bani N A , Munir A B , Abubakar Mas’ud A , Ardila-Rey J A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) system is an application of PV devices introduced with the aim of reducing the cost of BIPV systems through the use of an optical element to concentrate or focus the solar radiation from a large area, into a smaller area to which the solar cell is attached, thus reducing the overall cost by saving expensive PV material. This paper aims at presenting the simulation results of an annual prediction for a system comprising of CPV based on the Rotationally Asymmetrical Compound Parabolic Concentrator (RACPC) and compared it with a non-concentrated PV module installed in Bogota, Colombia under different weather conditions. The yearly energy yield of the CPV module was calculated to be 480 kWh whereas the non-concentrating PV module had a drop in the output - almost half of the CPV module output, having a final value of 231 kWh. This indicates that the RACPC can increase the output by a factor of 2.08. This study demonstrates that a CPV system can be used as an alternative to a conventional PV system; as it offers a lower cost without compromising its performance.
GIS-Based Method for Finding Optimal Ocean Energy Location: A Case Study of Terengganu State
Authors: Shafiai S H B , Gohari A , Zhou J G , Nohuddin P N E B 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Ocean energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources and it can highly contribute to the supply of the world’s electricity demands. This paper presents a method of locating the highest potential sources of ocean energy by implementing Geographic Information System (GIS). The aim of this study was to find the optimal wave energy location in the coastal area of Terengganu state in Malaysia. The wave data for the years 2015-2017 have been collected. The GIS was adopted to prepare data for analysis and perform geostatistical analysis. The results showed the exact location of areas in the coastal area of Terengganu in which maximum energy from the ocean can be harvested. The proposed methodology can be applied in other coastal areas.
Screening of catalysts and operating conditions for the high yield production of isosorbide from sorbitol dehydration
Authors: Kamaruzaman M R , Chin S Y 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Isosorbide (ISB), one of the important sorbitol (SL) anhydrides, can be produced through sequential intra-molecular dehydration of sorbitol derived from renewable biomass resources. Its rigid structure has granted the ISB a wide application in the polymer industries. Conventionally, acidic catalyst in liquid phase was used in the SL dehydration process. This homogeneous catalysed reaction gave low ISB yield and required additional downstream processes for catalyst separation. In the present study, a few types of catalysts were screened for sorbitol dehydration at a mild condition. Amberlyst 36 outperformed the other catalysts and resulted the highest SL anhydride selectivity of 86%. The effects of nitrogen purging and catalyst pre-treatment to the reaction performance were also investigated. The purging system did not significantly affect the SL conversion and selectivity of the desired products. The used of dried Amberlyst 36 exhibited a positive impact by increasing the SL conversion and SL anhydride selectivity to 67% and 98% respectively.
A Review on Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Coriandrum Sativum Leaf Extract For Degrading Dyes in Textile Wastewater: A Prospect Towards Green Chemistry
Authors: Yashni G , Willy K B , Al-Gheethi A A , Mohamed R M S R , Mohd Salleh S N A , Amir Hashim M K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Nanotechnology involves material with nanoscale dimension that range from 0.1 to 100 nm, to make devices, systems and materials with essentially new characteristics and applications due to their large surface area to volume ratio. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely known due to its wide band gap and high exciton binding energy. ZnO NPs are normally synthesized by chemical methods which involve the use of hazardous and expensive chemicals, resulting in toxic and environmentally hazardous by-products. Green synthesis of ZnO NPs by plants extract is non-toxic and economic. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the potential of plants extract in the green synthesis of ZnO NPs. Moreover, the capability of Coriandrum sativum leaf extracts to produce ZnO NPs in degrading dyes in textile wastewater is also discussed.
Conversion of CO2 to Methanol via photo catalysis routes over nickel-loaded CdS under visible light irradiation
Authors: Bakar Nur Karimah binti , Abdullah Bawadi bin , Sambudi Nonni Soraya , Kasmiarno Laksmi Dewi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The abundance of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere raises concerns as it affects the environmental sustainability, human’s wellbeing as well as the nature. The photocatalysis conversion of carbon dioxide produces valuable gas and limits environmental issue in the same time. Therefore, it attracts the attention to synthesize photocatalyst that is active under visible light irradiation since sunlight provides abundant photon energy mostly in visible light range. In this study, CdS as visible light-active photocatalyst is loaded with nickel to improve its performance to convert CO2 to methanol under irradiation of 500 W of Xe lamp as visible light source. The spherical nanoparticles morphology can be observed for synthesized CdS and Ni/CdS by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis. The yield of methanol was examined by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The result shows that the yield can be improved from 11 μmol/g-catalyst to 2348 μmol/g-catalyst by loading of 3wt% of nickel in CdS. The further loading of nickel decreased the yield of methanol.
Temperature control of low density polyethylene (LDPE) tubular reactor using Model Predictive Control (MPC)
Authors: Muhammad D , Ahmad Z , Aziz N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Application of advanced process control has become demanding in order to save energy and reduce operating cost, while attaining excellent controllability of the process. This situation can be achieved via better controller action performance compared to conventional control scheme such as PID controller. Model Predictive Control (MPC) has a wide application in the industry due to its ability to handle multivariable control and optimized process performance. In this study, a linear based MPC was implemented to control Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) tubular reactor temperature. The control of LDPE tubular reactor is challenging due to the complexity of the polymerization process and the nature of the reactor itself. The steady state polymerization reactor model was simulated using Aspen Plus software. The validated steady state reactor model was then exported to Aspen Dynamic software for dynamic simulation. In order to implement online control of the process, the dynamic model was linked with Matlab Simulink environment. The linear model of the process was estimated using State-space model identification technique. Sequential Quadratic programming (SQP) method was adopted by the MPC to calculate the controller action. The performance of MPC was compared to a PID controller. Based on the results, MPC had overcome PID performance in set point tracking and disturbance rejection test despite its low accuracy process model. The linear model low accuracy drawback was compensated by proper tuning of the MPC. In overall, MPC had demonstrated its capability to control the process with optimized control action, which can lead to production cost saving in the long run.
Grignard-type reaction of phenylacetylene with aldehydes was performed by Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks (Ni/Fe-Base) catalyst in water
Authors: Nguyen O T K , Vu H. T. , Tran Q H , Hoang B T , Do S. T. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A Grignard-type reaction of terminal alkyls and aldehydes were grown via alkyl C–H activation under water media catalyzed by a bimetallic Ru–In system. Nevertheless, a mixture homogeneous catalyst was hardly recycled after carrying a reaction. In this research, we wish to show that by utilizing a bimetallic Ni/Fe-BDC catalytic system which was synthesized by the solvothermal method, it was suggested that an aqueous media Lewis acid catalyst is commanded to activate the carbonyl group. A crucial observation of those inspections showed that while the alkynes were changed into a scope of products (approx. 78% of yield), the aldehyde did not take part in the reaction. The feature of products was substantiated by utilizing NMR spectra and GC-MS. The shape of solid catalyst was confirmed by utilizing a variety of modern technologies, consisting of XRD (X-ray diffraction), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis), FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared) and N2 physisorption measurements BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller). The Ni/Fe-BDC material might be simply separated from the reaction compound and could be reutilized without a notable drop in catalytic activity.
Photoelectrochemical activity of CuO-CdS heterostructured catalyst for CO2 reduction
Authors: Tarek Mostafa , Rezaul Karim Kaykobad Md. , Sarmin Sumaya , Ong Huei Ruey , Abdullah Hamidah , Cheng Chin Kui , Rahman Khan Md. Maksudur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present study explored the efficiency of a p-n heterostructured hybrid catalyst CuO-CdS to convert CO2 selectively into methanol by photoelectrochemical (PEC) method under concurrent visible light irradiation and a bias potential -0.4 V vs. NHE. The results showed that the inclusion of CdS with CuO significantly enhanced the activity of PEC CO2 reduction to produce methanol by facilitating the separation of photogenerated electron-hole (e−/h+) pairs through the p-n heterostructured architectures. The yield of methanol, the incident photon current efficiency (IPCE) and quantum efficiency (QE) in PEC CO2 reduction were achieved 35.65 μmoleL−1cm−2, 20.24% and 24.11%, respectively. The present work bears a new understanding into the fabrication of high-performable artificial p-n type heterostructured catalyst which is capable to function as a catalyst for photocathode for the reduction of CO2 and remarkable improvement in methanol yield under visible light illumination.
Start-up of simultaneous nitrification, anammox and denitrification-sequential batch reactor (SNAD-SBR) for treating anaerobic palm oil mill (POME) Digester Effluent
Authors: Wong Wee-Shen , Lin Jih-Gaw , Mohamed Kutty Shamsul Rahman , Ho Yeek-Chia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Simultaneous Nitrification, Anammox, and Denitrification (SNAD) which was discovered around 2008 has become a promising alternative to conventional nitrogen treatment process. The increasing number of researches on SNAD can be seen lately from lab-scale experiment to full-scale operation around the world. However, due to complexity of mutual relationship between three different bacteria, more researches are needed to be done to have better understanding of SNAD on real-scale application. This study is aimed to examine the performance of SNAD on treating effluent from anaerobic digester of palm oil mill effluent. The study will discuss cultivation of anammox, completion of SNAD process, and the feasibility of SNAD on effluent from anaerobic digester. The result of this study will help in explore further application of SNAD besides treating nitrogen-rich wastewater.
Oxidation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Hydrogen Peroxide and Catalysed by UV Light/Zinc Oxide
Authors: Affam Augustine Chioma , Bin Bistar Abdul Rahman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The amount of palm oil mill effluent produced annually in Malaysia has been on the increase increasing and causing degradation of the environment due to poor disposal owing to incomplete treatment. Various studies have been carried out in order to study ways to improve the condition of the wastewater characteristics before discharging into any water body. This study determined the efficacy of photocatalytic treatment method using hydrogen peroxide, zinc oxide and ultraviolet light. A variety of operating conditions were investigated such as the effect of pH, hydrogen peroxide dosage, amount zinc oxide, ultraviolet light irradiation and contact time in order to determine the optimum condition for the treatment method. Kinetics of degradation was also conducted. For UV/H2O2 treatment process, under optimum conditions, it was found that the highest COD and colour removal efficiency was 41.9% and 38.3%, respectively. For UV/ZnO treatment process, under optimum conditions, the highest COD and colour removal efficiency was 37% and 85%, respectively. For UV/H2O2/ZnO treatment process, under optimum conditions, the highest COD and removal efficiency was 60.2% and 91.6%, respectively. This study found pH 11, H2O2/COD molar ratio of 5, 0.4 g of zinc oxide, 200 rpm at 4 h reaction time as the desirable operating condition for removal of COD and colour from the palm oil mill effluent.
Effect of Fe2O3 loading on CuO/CNT photocatalyst for degradation of p-Chloroaniline
Authors: Jalil A A , Shabick M A , Khusnun N F , Hitam C N C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Chloroaniline and its derivatives are generated from industrial chemical manufacturing processes including agricultural chemical, azo dyes and pigments, pesticides and herbicides. These compounds are found to be toxic and dangerous to aquatic and human life. Hence, their discharge into the environment must be regulated. Photocatalytic degradation is one of a promising method to remove such compounds due to its safety, low energy consumption and high efficiency. In this study, the research focused on the effect of iron oxides (Fe2O3) loading (5-50 wt%) on copper-carbon nanotubes (CuO/CNT) photocatalyst for degradation of p-chloroaniline (PCA) under visible light irradiation. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to analyze its functional groups. Besides Fe2O3 loading, various parameters such as effect of PCA pH solution (3-11), catalyst dosage (0.125- 0.625 g L−1) as well as PCA initial concentration (10-100 mg L−1) were investigated. It was found that the highest degradation (75 %) of 10 mg L−1 PCA was achieved using 0.325 g L−1 10 wt% Fe2O3/50 wt% CuO/CNT at pH 7. Kinetics study showed that the PCA photodegradation followed pseudo first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. It is believed that the Fe2O3/CuO/CNT can be a potential photocatalyst for degrading organics pollutant efficiently.