bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LINC00221 suppresses the malignancy of children acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Huang Man , Zheng Jiajia , Ren Yongya , Zhu Jingjing , Kou Linbing , Nie Jinhong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
As the most common malignant disease in childhood, children acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous disease caused by the accumulated genetic alterations. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported as critical regulators in diseases. GEPIA database indicated that long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 221 (LINC00221) was conspicuously down-regulated in acute myeloid leukemia. However, its expression pattern in ALL has not been revealed. This work was carried out to study the role of LINC00221 in ALL cells. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) quantified LINC00221 expression in ALL cells. The function of LINC00221 in ALL was determined by ki-67 immunofluorescence staining, EdU, TUNEL, JC-1, and caspase-3/8/9 activity assays. RNA pull down and Ago2-RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays investigated the interaction between miR-152-3p and LINC00221 or ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 2 (ATP2A2). Our study revealed the low expression of LINC00221 in ALL cells. Subsequently, LINC00221 was verified to bind with miR-152-3p. Moreover, functional assays pointed out that LINC00221 overexpression posed anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects in ALL cells, and these effects could be separately reversed by miR-152-3p up-regulation. Afterward, LINC00221 was revealed to regulate ATP2A2 expression via sponging miR-152-3p. Additionally, ATP2A2 was verified to involve in regulating LINC00221-mediated ALL cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusion, LINC00221 suppressed ALL cell proliferation and boosted ALL cell apoptosis via sponging miR-152-3p to up-regulate ATP2A2.
Diabetes und Augenerkrankungen
Authors: Guthoff Rainer 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe frequency of diabetic retinopathy increases and is a leading cause of blindness in the working population. Recommended exams are testing of the visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy with dilated pupils, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). By OCT the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetic macular edema has vastly improved. By intravitreal medications such as intravitreal anti-VEGF or intravitreal steroids macular edema can be treated successfully. Panretinal laser photocoagulation is the gold-standard in the therapy of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Patients benefit from good co-working of general practitioner and ophthalmologist concerning screening and treatment.
Outcomes from an Expanded Targeted Early Cytomegalovirus Testing Program
Authors: McCrary Hilary , Shi Kevin , Newberry Ian C. , Hamilton Christopher , Ostrander Betsy , O'Brien Elizabeth , Knackstedt Elizabeth D. , Ling Con Yee , Miner Lonnie J. , Park Albert H. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine the outcomes from an expanded targeted early congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) testing program.
Study Design A retrospective analysis of data was collected from June 2016 to April 2018 of patients who underwent expanded targeted early cCMV testing during the peri-implementation phase. Information regarding patient presentation, test type/result, and audiologic outcomes were collected. Chi-square and two-sample t-tests were performed.
Results A total of 754 patients underwent cCMV testing; during that period there were 56,947 births at 20 different hospitals. Reasons for completing cCMV testing included the following: (1) failed hearing screening (35.8%), (2) intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) or small for gestational age (SGA) (29.1%), (3) sepsis (10.7%), (4) other/unknown (8.7%), (5) elevated liver enzymes or bilirubin (5.1%), (6) thrombocytopenia (5.1%), (7) central nervous system abnormalities (3.3%), and (8) mother with suspected cCMV infection (2.2%). The most frequent type of cCMV test performed was urine polymerase chain reaction (75.8%). A total of 21 (2.8%) patients tested positive for cCMV, of which 12 (57%) were symptomatic. This value represents a prevalence of 36.9 cCMV cases and 21.1 symptomatic cCMV cases diagnosed per 100,000 live births. Criteria most commonly associated with a positive testing were failed hearing screening (33.3%), IUGR/SGA (28.6%), and a mother with suspected cCMV infection (19.0%).
Conclusion Implementation of an expanded targeted early CMV testing program has the potential to identify symptomatic cCMV infants who would not be identified otherwise.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Associated with Amniotomy among Nulliparous Women Undergoing Labor Induction at Term
Authors: Battarbee Ashley N. , Sandoval Grecio , Grobman William A. , Reddy Uma M. , Tita Alan T.N. , Silver Robert M. , El-Sayed Yasser Y. , Wapner Ronald J. , Rouse Dwight J. , Saade George R. , Chauhan Suneet P. , Iams Jay D. , Chien Edward K. , Casey Brian M. , Gibbs Ronald S. , Srinivas Sindhu K. , Swamy Geeta K. , Simhan Hyagriv N. ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between amniotomy at various time points during labor induction and maternal and neonatal outcomes among term, nulliparous women.
Study Design Secondary analysis of a randomized trial of term labor induction versus expectant management in low-risk, nulliparous women (2014–2017) was conducted. Women met inclusion criteria if they underwent induction ≥38 weeks' gestation using oxytocin with documented time and type of membrane rupture. Women with antepartum stillbirth or fetal anomaly were excluded. The primary outcome was cesarean delivery. Secondary outcomes included maternal and neonatal complications. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared among women with amniotomy versus women with intact membranes and no amniotomy at six 2-hour time intervals: before oxytocin initiation, 0 to <2 hours after oxytocin, 2 to <4 hours after, 4 to <6 hours after, 6 to <8 hours after, and 8 to <10 hours after. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for maternal age, body mass index, race/ethnicity, modified Bishop score on admission, treatment group, and hospital (as a random effect).
Results Of 6,106 women in the parent trial, 2,854 (46.7%) women met inclusion criteria. Of these 2,340 (82.0%) underwent amniotomy, and majority of the women had amniotomy performed between 2 and <6 hours after oxytocin. Cesarean delivery was less frequent among women with amniotomy 6 to <8 hours after oxytocin compared with women without amniotomy (21.9 vs. 29.7%; adjusted odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.42–0.89). Amniotomy at time intervals ≥4 hours after oxytocin was associated with lower odds of labor duration >24 hours. Amniotomy at time intervals ≥2 hours and <8 hours after oxytocin was associated with lower odds of maternal hospitalization >3 days. Amniotomy was not associated with postpartum or neonatal complications.
Conclusion Among a contemporary cohort of nulliparous women undergoing term labor induction, amniotomy was associated with either lower or similar odds of cesarean delivery and other adverse outcomes, compared with no amniotomy.
Lasing efficiency of krypton ions in the (8 – 14)-nm band upon pulsed laser excitation
Authors: Nechay A.N. , Garakhin S.A. , Lopatin A.Ya. , Polkovnikov V.N. , Reunov D.G. , Salashchenko N.N. , Toropov M.N. , Chkhalo N.I. , Tsybin N.N. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe emission spectra of krypton plasma in the range of 8 – 14 nm upon excitation of a pulsed gas jet by 1.06-mm Nd : YAG laser radiation with a pulse energy of 0.85 J, pulse duration of 5.2 ns, and repetition rate of 10 Hz are investigated. The krypton emission spectrum is a wide (8 – 14 nm) band, peaking at 10.3 nm, which is formed by a series of much narrower lines. The observed lines are identified, and the fraction of laser pulse energy converted into the (8 – 14)-nm emission band and emitted into half-space (2πsr) is determined. The maximum conversion efficiency is found to be 21 %. The expected throughputs of lithographic systems with sources based on Sn, Xe, and Kr ions for different wavelengths, corresponding to the emission peaks of ions of these materials, are compared.
Self-compression of laser pulses in a discrete medium
Authors: Sofonov A.O. , Mironov V.A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Using the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we study the laser radiation self-action dynamics in a nanostructured waveguide system. It is shown that for a laser pulse energy exceeding the critical value, the nonlinear evolution of the wave field markedly differs from the corresponding process in a continuous medium. While the pulse propagates in a discrete medium, its length decreases to values comparable to the scale of the structure and the velocity decreases to zero. The system parameters are determined at which the wave field after the laser pulse termination begins to propagate in the opposite direction in a compressed form. The process of slowing down and stopping the pulse is accompanied by strong radiation losses, so that about a third of the energy of the initial field distribution remains in the final compressed state.
Ytterbium laser system for studying parametric amplification of femtosecond pulses with a centre wavelength of ∼2 μm
Authors: Mukhin I.B. , Volkov M.R. , Vikulov I.A. , Perevezentsev E.A. , Palashov O.V. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A laser system is developed with an optical synchronisation of a femtosecond signal with a pump channel. The signal of a driving ytterbium fibre laser with a 60 MHz repetition rate of stretched femtosecond pulses is amplified in energy from several nanojoules to 0.4 mJ at a pulse repetition rate of 3 kHz in a wideband amplifier and then is compressed in time to 250 fs. The obtained radiation is used for generating femtosecond laser pulses with a centre wavelength of ∼2 μm, pulse energy of above 20 μJ, duration of several field oscillations, and phase stabilisation between the electromagnetic field and envelope. The other pulse of the driving fibre laser provides optical synchronisation and a minimal time delay and is directed to a regenerative Yb : YAG disk amplifier for amplification to an energy of 4 mJ at a pulse repetition rate of 3 kHz and duration of 20 ps. A multipass disk amplifier is developed for further increasing the energy of pump chirped pulses to an energy of 70 mJ at a pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz and duration of 400 ps for studying parametric amplification under sub-nanosecond pumping.
Interference effects in the high-order harmonic amplification process in the active medium of a plasma-based X-ray laser modulated by an optical field
Authors: Khairulin I.R. , Antonov V.A. , Kocharovskaya O.A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We study the process of propagation of high harmonics of optical radiation in an active medium of a plasma-based X-ray laser, simultaneously irradiated by an intense optical field of fundamental frequency. It is shown that for moderate plasma dispersion of the active medium at the frequency of the modulating optical field, the energy and relative amplitudes of the harmonics at the output of the medium are determined by their phases at the entrance to the medium, as well as by the time-delay of the harmonics with respect to the modulating field. These dependences are due to interference of high-order harmonics with a set of multi-frequency fields generated by each of the harmonics in the process of coherent scattering in a modulated active medium. The possibilities of using these effects to increase the efficiency of harmonic amplification, to control the harmonic spectrum, and determine the relative phases at the entrance to the medium are discussed on the example of the active medium of hydrogen-like Li2+ ions (with a 13.5 nm wavelength of an inverted transition).
Modelling of the laser amplification process with allowance for the effect of the temperature distribution in an Yb : YAG gain element on the thermophysical and lasing characteristics of the medium
Authors: Petrov V.V. , Petrov V.A. , Kuptsov G.V. , Laptev A.V. , Kirpichnikov A.V. , Pestryakov E.V. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A time-dependent three-dimensional model for the laser amplification process has been constructed with allowance for the effect of the temperature distribution on the thermophysical and lasing characteristics of gain media. We have performed numerical modelling of the laser amplification process in the gain elements of a two-stage subjoule-level cryogenic laser amplifier operating at a pulse repetition rate of up to 1 kHz. It has been shown that taking into account the temperature distribution is of critical importance in calculation of cryogenically cooled laser amplifiers pumped with high-power diodes. We have found optimal diode pump parameters at which the maximum achievable pulse energy at the amplifier output can reach 300 and 570 mJ at pulse repetition rates of 1000 and 500 Hz, respectively.
Accuracy of the duration estimates of ultrashort laser pulses using a single-shot second-order intensity autocorrelator
Authors: Kuzmin I.V. , Mironov S.Yu. , Khazanov E.A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The accuracy of estimating the duration of single-cycle laser pulses with centre wavelengths of 910 and 780 nm is analysed using a single-shot second-order intensity autocorrelator. It is shown that estimates of the single-cycle pulse duration with an error of less than 5 % require the use of KDP crystals with a thickness of no more than 10 μm for the second harmonic generation. At the same time, to estimate the duration of a transform-limited pulse containing ten optical cycles, the crystal thickness can be up to 1 mm. In this case, at an optimum angle of convergence of the first-harmonic beams, the duration estimation error is less than 2 %.
A nonlinear beam model of photomotile structures
Authors: Korner Kevin , Kuenstler Alexa S. , Hayward Ryan C. , Audoly Basile , Bhattacharya Kaushik 
Published: April 2020

Significance
Actuation and propulsion are significant challenges in soft robotics. Supply of power typically requires a cumbersome tether or heavy onboard power source. Further, one typically needs to reset the system. Using theory and numerical simulations, we show, in this work, that this challenge can be overcome by the use of photomechanical materials and actuation by light. We develop a simple modeling framework which reveals how steady illumination from a distance can give rise to cyclic motion. Such motion can be exploited for actuation and propulsion with no need for tether or onboard power source, through the natural but nonlinear/nonlocal coupling between deformation and light absorption.
Spermatozoa lacking Fertilization Influencing Membrane Protein (FIMP) fail to fuse with oocytes in mice
Authors: Fujihara Yoshitaka , Lu Yonggang , Noda Taichi , Oji Asami , Larasati Tamara , Kojima-Kita Kanako , Yu Zhifeng , Matzuk Ryan M. , Matzuk Martin M. , Ikawa Masahito 
Published: April 2020

SignificanceAs the human body is composed of 60 trillion cells that originate from a fertilized egg, sperm–oocyte fusion is the initial event of our life. Few sperm–oocyte fusion factors have been unveiled to date, and only IZUMO1 has been identified as a sperm-specific fusion-mediating protein. Here, we identified the testis-specific4930451I11Rikgene important for male fertility, playing a role in sperm–oocyte fusion during fertilization. Based on its functional role, we renamed this gene fertilization influencing membrane protein (Fimp). We discovered a factor responsible for sperm–oocyte fusion in mammals, and this knowledge could be used to develop in vitro and in vivo infertility treatments as well as male contraceptives.
Mimicry of a biophysical pathway leads to diverse pollen-like surface patterns
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Radja Asja , Gao Yuchong , Yin Rui , Sweeney Alison , Yang Shu 
Published: April 2020

Significance
Biological cells, including fungal spores, pollen grains, and insect cuticles have evolved diverse micron-scaled surface patterns. Inspired by the pollen grain patterning mechanism, here, we report the synthesis of a variety of pollen-like, patterned liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) microparticles using microfluidics and reveal that an energetically downhill biological mechanism can be leveraged to offer facile methods for synthesis. Within a droplet, the short-chain liquid crystal polymers, referred to as liquid crystal oligomers (LCOs), phase-separate from an organic solvent, LCOs phase-segregate by chain lengths, and the LCO chains align perpendicularly at interface, followed by photopolymerization. All of these contribute to the formation of robust, uniform-sized pollen-like microparticles with diverse but controllable patterns from a single material system.
The type IV pilin PilA couples surface attachment and cell-cycle initiation in
Caulobacter crescentus
Authors: Del Medico Luca , Cerletti Dario , Schächle Philipp , Christen Matthias , Christen Beat 
Published: April 2020

Significance
Pili are dynamic, long proteinaceous appendages found on the surface of many bacteria to promote adhesion. Here, we provide systems-level findings on a molecular signal transduction pathway that interlinks surface sensing with cell-cycle initiation. We propose that surface attachment induces depolymerization of pili filaments. The concomitant increase in pilin subunits within the inner membrane function as a stimulus to activate the second messenger cyclic di-GMP and trigger cell-cycle initiation. Furthermore, we show that the provision of a 17-amino acid synthetic peptide corresponding to the membrane portion of the pilin subunit mimics surface sensing, activates cell-cycle initiation, and inhibits surface attachment. Thus, synthetic peptide mimetics of pilin represent promising chemotypes to control biofilm formation and treat bacterial infections.
Resolvin E1 is a pro-repair molecule that promotes intestinal epithelial wound healing
Authors: Quiros Miguel , Feier Darius , Birkl Dorothee , Agarwal Rachit , Zhou Dennis W. , García Andrés J. , Parkos Charles A. , Nusrat Asma 
Published: April 2020

Significance
Resolvin E1 (RvE1) promotes resolution of inflammation by damping proinflammatory responses and activating restorative pathways. While mechanisms by which RvE1 signaling in immune cells contribute to resolution of inflammation are extensively studied, its role in epithelial signaling and wound repair remains undefined. Intestinal epithelial barrier compromise during an inflammatory event can result in pathogen access to tissue compartments. Thus, efficient repair of denuded intestinal mucosal surfaces is vital in restoring homeostasis. Here we demonstrate that RvE1 promotes intestinal epithelial cell migration and proliferation leading to wound repair. These findings suggest that RvE1 has the potential to serve as a targeted immunoresolvent therapeutic agent that not only dampens inflammation but activates prorepair pathways to enhance colonic mucosal wound repair.
Productivity and schematicity in constructional change
Authors: Perek Florent 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In Diachronic Construction Grammar, many
instances of language change can be captured in terms of variation
in the schematicity and productivity of constructions. These two
notions are often thought to be interrelated, which suggests that
they might be collapsed and treated as essentially the same
property. By contrast, this paper argues that schematicity and
productivity, while related, should be kept separate and considered
in their own right. Cases are reported from the literature showing
that the relation between schematicity and productivity is at best
indirect. It is argued that a distinction should be made between the
schematicity of lexical slots inside a particular construction and
the schematicity of the constructional meaning itself. Only the
former is directly related to productivity. The latter may or may
not be, and if so, only in very specific ways that can be assessed
not by looking merely at the lexical items attested in the slots of
the construction, but only by examining the semantics of earlier
uses in their entirety. To illustrate this idea, a case study of
recent change in the abstract uses of the
way-construction is reported on, in which the
increasing range of abstract verbs can be related to an increase in
the variety of abstract situations conceptualized as motion in uses
of the construction. This is interpreted as an increase in the
schematicity of the motion component of the constructional
meaning.
Constructional networks and the development of benefactive
ditransitives in English
Authors: Zehentner Eva , Traugott Elizabeth Closs 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we address the question of how to
model syntactic alternations in Diachronic Construction Grammar
terms. We argue that positing horizontal links between constructions
in addition to vertical ones is particularly beneficial in
accounting for change. Our case study is the emergence of the
English “benefactive alternation”, with focus on its relation to the
more pervasive and more thoroughly studied “dative alternation”.
Based on a quantitative investigation of ditransitive benefactive
verbs in Early English Books Online (EEBO), we
locate the emergence of the benefactive alternation in Early Modern
English later than the dative alternation, which arose in Middle
English. We conclude that the benefactive alternation can be
modelled as complex networks featuring both horizontal and vertical
links on various levels of schematicity.
Converging variations and the emergence of horizontal
links
Authors: Lorenz David 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The guiding question of this paper is how
(horizontal) connections are established when new items enter the
network of constructions. It presents a quantitative, corpus-based
study of the development of to-contraction (e.g.
want to > wanna) in American English since
the 19th century. From a plethora of earlier forms, gonna,
wanna and gotta emerge, first as
representations of phonetic reduction, but in time claiming their
place as newly emerged, separate nodes in the constructional
network. As their frequency increases, their usage patterns
(relative to the full form) become increasingly similar. I propose
that this marks the emergence of a horizontal link, which can be
described as an emerging “metaconstruction”. The study discusses
the status of these forms as either phonetic variants, potential
allostructions, or independent form–meaning pairings, and provides
first-hand evidence for emergent connections via mechanisms of
analogy in language. Moreover, it makes an argument that (changing)
usage patterns reflect (changing) constructional links and degrees
of entrenchment.