bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PLURALITAS DAN TANTANGAN MISI: KERANGKA KONSEPTUAL UNTUK PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DALAM MASYARAKAT MAJEMUK
Authors: Widjaja Fransiskus Irwan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to see plurality and mission as a conceptual framework in Christian religious education. Building pluralism is an appeal to accept pluralism is an order of people who understand each other that in essence they are a unity in diversity. Pluralism is a condition where there are various things. Religious pluralism explain"all religions have the right to exist and live. Socially, we must learn to be tolerant and even respect the faith or beliefs of followers of other religions. Religious communities need to rethink their religious responsibilities to work together, and even in some cases act as agents of God's general grace in promoting peaceful and harmonious coexistence among people of all religions. Inthis shell of plurality andmission, the concept of pluralistic Christian religious educationdeveloped.Keywords: Pluralistic, Mission, Christian Religious Education, Plural SocietyAbstrak:Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk melihat Pluralitas dan misi sebagai kerangka konseptual dalam pendidikan agama Kristen. Membangun pluralisme merupakan imbauan menerima kemajemukan merupakan sebuah tatanan masyarakat yang saling mengerti bahwa pada hakekatnya mereka merupakan kesatuan dalam kepelbagaian. Pluralisme adalah suatu kondisi dimana adanya keberadaan sesuatu yang beragam. Pluralisme agama berarti ”semua agama berhak untuk ada dan hidup”. Secara sosial, kita harus belajar untuk toleran dan bahkan menghormati iman atau kepercayaan dari penganut agama lainnya. Komunitas agama perlu memikirkan kembali tanggung jawab agamanya untuk bekerja sama, dan bahkan dalam beberapa hal bertindak sebagaiagen rahmat umum Tuhan dalam mempromosikan hidup berdampingan secara damai dan harmonis di antara orang-orang dari semua agama.Dalam kerang pluralitas dan misi inilah, konsep pendidikan agama Kristen yang majemuk dikembangkan.Kata Kunci:Pluralitas, Misi, Pendidikan Agama Kristen, Masyarakat Majemuk
English Vowels and Diphthongs Problems of Sundanese Learners
Authors: Setyaningsih Kuntum Palupi , Wijayanto Agus , Suparno Suparno 
Published: February 2020

EFL Sundanese learners encounter the difficulties in English pronunciation. The learners are often unable to differ between English vowel sounds long [i:] with short [I] like the word cheese they pronounce it as /ʧIz/ instead of /ʧiːz/, despite they have learned English since elementary school, officially they have learned English for around 5 years. The purpose of this study is to explore the interference of mother tongue in pronunciation field that was made by Sundanese learners dealing with English vowels and diphthongs. The participants were 30 EFL learners with Sundanese background as their mother tongue. The data were collected by recording the students’ pronunciation and analysed using contrastive analysis. The results demonstrate that the learners met obstacles in uttering English vowels [i:],[u:],[ɔ], and diphthongs[eɪ],[əʊ],[æ]. The dominant mispronunciation of the English sounds occurs because of the absence of those English sounds in the learners’ mother tongue. This paper offers some recommendations to the teachers to overcome the phenomenon mother tongue interference.
ДИНАМІКА ПОКАЗНИКІВ СТАНУ КЛІТИННОГО ТА ГУМОРАЛЬНОГО ІМУНІТЕТУ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ВО «КАПРОЛАКТАМ» ПРИ ТРИВАЛІЙ ДІЇ БАГАТОКОМПОНЕНТНИХ ОРГАНІЧНИХ СУМІШЕЙ НА ОСНОВІ ГЛІКОЛІВ
Authors: Сіренко Олена , Кучеренко Ела 
Published: February 2020

Динаміка показників стану клітинного та гуморального імунітету працівників ВО «Капролактам», м. Дзержинськ, при тривалій дії багатокомпонентнихорганічних сумішей на основі гліколів. Встановлено, що складні органічні суміші на основі гліколів негативно впливають на стан імунної системи працівників виробництва, гальмують функціональну активність як клітинної, так і гуморальної ланок імунітету та призводять до вторинних мунодефіцит них станів. Досліджувані органічні речовини здатні пригнічувати проліферацію та диференціацію імунокомпетентних клітин, порушуватироботу гуморального ланцюга імунітету, що призводить до підвищення концентрації ЦІК середнього розміру, які активно зв’язують комплемент.Встановлені зміни показників свідчать про виснаження компенсаторних адаптивних механізмів імунної системи при тривалому впливі складнихорганічних сумішей на основі гліколів.
Assessment of the antiviral activity of 2HCl*H-His-Rim compound compared to the anti-influenza drug Arbidol for influenza caused by A/duck/Novosibirsk/56/05 (H5N1) (Influenza A virus, Alphainfluenzavirus, Orthomyxoviridae)
Authors: Deryabin P. G. , Garaev T. M. , Finogenova M. P. , Odnovorov A. I. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The emergence of influenza virus strains with drug resistance to antiviral drugs requires finding new compounds, potential direct-acting inhibitors. Аdamantane compounds drugs used since the 1960s have lost their activity the resulting due to resistance. Only neuraminidase inhibitors such as zanamivir and oseltamivir have been approved by WHO for influenza treatment. The Russian pharmaceutical drug Arbidol (Umifenovirum) is actively used in Russia. This drug is used to treat influenza in Russia, China and most post-Soviet republics. This work presents a new derivative of aminoadamantane - dichlorohydrate L-histidyl-1-adamantayl ethylamine (2HCl*H-His-Rim), which showed a high level of inhibition of strains of influenza virus A in vitro.Objectives. Comparison of antiviral properties of the new synthetic low-molecular inhibitor of influenza A virus replication and Arbidol drug pharmacy.Methods. The compound 2HCl*H-His-Rim was obtained by classical peptide synthesis methods. It was identified by methods of mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Its antiviral properties have been studied in vitro for monolayer of cells Vero-E6 infected with a high-virulent strain of A/duck/Novosibirsk/56/06 (H5N1) influenza virus at various injection schemes of the investigated compounds.The results. The antiviral activity of the 2HCl*H-His-Rim compound against the highly pathogenic strain of the influenza A/H5N1 virus was slightly higher than for the known pharmacy drug arbidol.Discussion. The difference in antiviral activity of these two compounds is explained by different mechanisms of action on the viral particle.Conclusion. The 2HCl*H-His-Rim compound can be recommended as a candidate for preclinical and clinical trials in order to obtain an etiotropic antiviral drug based on it, due to its high efficacy and economic and synthetic availability. The synthetic compound 2HCl*H-His-Rim acts on influenza A virus variants resistant to Rimantadine and Amantadine.
Belgorod region – the territory endemic for hepatitis E
Authors: Kyuregyan K. K. , Polyakov A. D. , Potemkin I. A. , Karlsen A. A. , Isaeva O. V. , Lopatukhina M. A. , Mullin E. V. , Slukinova O. S. , Malinnikova E. Yu. , Shibrik E. V. , Oglezneva E. E. , Mikhailov M. I. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Belgorod region is the territory with the highest incidence of hepatitis E in the Russian Federation.The aim of the study was to comprehensively characterize the circulation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the Belgorod region, including the study of population immunity to the virus, determining the prevalence of infection among the pig population and analysis of the genetic diversity of HEV from patients and animals.Material and methods. Serum samples of a conditionally healthy population (n = 2027) of all age groups were tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM by ELISA with commercial assays. HEV RNA was determined in fecal samples from pigs aged 2–4 months (n = 526), in sewage samples from pig farms (n = 10), as well as in stool samples from patients with hepatitis E (n = 6) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Phylogenetic analysis was performed for an amplified 300 nt fragment corresponding to HEV open reading frame 2.Results and discussion. The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG in general population averaged 16.4% (95% CI: 14.8–18.1; 332/2027). The proportion of individuals who had both anti-HEV IgM and IgG averaged 2.8% (95% CI: 2.2–3.6; 57/2027). The incidence rate of anti-HEV IgG increased with age, from 2.8% (95% CI: 1.3-5.8) in children aged 1–14 years to 40.1% (95% CI: 34.9-45.6) in people 70 years or older. The detection rate of HEV RNA in pigs was 20% (95% CI: 16.8-23.6; 105/526). HEV RNA was detected in 2 out of 10 sewage samples. The HEV sequences isolated from patients with hepatitis E, pigs, and sewage samples in Belgorod region belonged to the HEV genotype 3, had a 95-100% homology, and formed common clusters on a phylogenetic tree.Conclusions. The high prevalence of HEV in pigs population has led to the formation of an endemic territory in the Belgorod region, which is the center of pig breeding. Measures aimed at reducing the circulation of HEV among pig population and decontamination of sewage from pig farms are necessary to control HEV infection.
Analysis of HIV-1 (Human immunodeficiency virus-1, Lentivirus, Orthoretrovirinae, Retroviridae) Nef protein polymorphism of variants circulating in the former USSR countries
Authors: Gromov K. B. , Kazennova E. V. , Kireev D. E. , Murzakova A. V. , Lopatukhin A. E. , Bobkova M. R. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Nef protein is one of the key factors determining the infectivity and replicative properties of HIV. With the ability to interact with numerous proteins of the host cell, this protein provides the maximum level of virus production and protects it from the immune system. The main activities of Nef are associated with a decrease in the expression of the CD4 receptor and major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC-I), as well as the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton. These properties of the protein are determined by the structure of several motifs in the structure of the nef gene encoding it, which is quite variable.Goals and tasks. The main goal of the work was to analyze the characteristics of Nef protein of HIV-1 variant A6, which dominates in the countries of the former USSR. The objective of the work was a comparative analysis of natural polymorphisms in the nef gene of HIV-1 sub-subtypes A6 and A1 and subtype B.Material and methods. The sequences of the HIV-1 genome obtained during the previous work of the laboratory were used, as well as the reference sequence from GenBank. In this work, Sanger sequencing and new generation sequencing methods, as well as bioinformation analysis methods were used.Results and discussion. The existence of noticeable differences in the prevalence of Nef natural polymorphisms (A32P, E38D, I43V, A54D, Q104K, H116N, Y120F, Y143F, V168M, H192T, V194R, R35Q, D108E, Y135F, E155K, E182M, R184K and F191L), some of which are characteristic mutations for variant A6, was shown. Conclusion. Characteristic substitutions were found in the Nef structure, potentially capable of weakening the replicative properties of HIV-1 variant A6.
Analysis of determination of rabies virus neutralizing antibody titres in the sera of vaccinated humans
Authors: Butirskiy A. Yu. , Muhacheva A. V. , Movsesyants A. A. , Sarkisyan K. A. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Rabies is an infectious disease that is always fatal following the onset of clinical symptoms. The only way to prevent the cases of rabies in humans is timely carried out the rabies post-exposure prophylaxis in accordance with the recommended schedule.The aim of the study was to characterize the level of immune response in persons that received a post-exposure prophylaxis against rabies, to consider the role of the factors of the formation immune responses to rabies vaccines .Material and methods. In the laboratory of viral vaccines of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, the 48 sera of patients that received the post-exposure prophylaxis of rabies after wounds from a rabid or suspected rabid animal has been studied. The titer of virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) to the rabies virus in the sera of the vaccinated not less than 1:64 (corresponding to a level of VNA at least 0,5 IU /ml) in the mouse neutralization test indicates the effective vaccination.Results and discussion. Our data confirm the absence of statistically significant differences in the level of VNA in the vaccinated persons that received a complete and incomplete (5 doses) course of post-exposure vaccination against rabies. Depending on the level of VNA, all patients are divided into groups with conditionally low, medium and high content of antibodies in sera.Conclusion. It has been shown that in most cases properly administered vaccination contributed to the formation of effective immune response. The lack of a protective level of BHA requires additional administration of the vaccine and analysis of the factors that influenced the ineffectiveness of vaccination. In some patients the determination of rabies virus neutralizing antibody titres is necessary.
“The Russian land is going through hard times”: diary of the priest of the 3rd Barnaul Siberian rifle regiment K. Dmitriev
Authors: Weber  
Published: February 2020

we publish new source on the history of the Russian Civil war – the diary of regimental priest K. Dmitriev. This diary is a kind of chronicle of combat path of the 3rd Barnaul Siberian rifle regiment of the Kolchak army for December 1918 – June 1919.
Politisasi Doa: Menalar Pilihan Politik Abraham Terhadap Sodom
Authors: Nayuf Henderikus 
Published: February 2020

Doa sering dijadikan sebagai sarana untuk memohon sesuatu kepada Tuhan. Dalam doa, sang pendoa menyampaikan berbagai hal terkait dengan niat, motivasi dan tujuannya berdoa. Dalam meresponi setiap doa, Tuhan memiliki otoritas untuk menjawab atau tidak menjawab doa-doa itu. Ia memiliki kewenangan mutlak yang tidak dapat diintervensi oleh siapa pun. Abraham menyadari bahwa Sodom dan Gomora berada dalam ambang penghancuran dari Tuhan. Karena itu, tidak ada pilihan lain kecuali memohon kepada Tuhan dalam doa. Pada akhirnya, permohonan Abraham tidak merubah rencana Tuhan menghukum Sodom dan Gomora. Walau demikian, itu tidak menjadi alasan agar Abraham tidak berdoa. Abraham berdoa agar, jika berkenan, Tuhan membatalkan rencana penghancuran Sodom dan Gomora. Dua catatan kritis mewarnai doa Abraham: Abraham berdoa dengan motivasi yang tulus atau sebuah ekpresi politis sebagai wujud keberpihakan kepada Sodom dan Gomora?
Hubungan Usia dan Tekanan Darah Pada Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Eklampsi di RSUD Daya Kota Makassar Tahun 2018
Authors: Amir Fatmawati 
Published: February 2020

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan usia dan tekanan darah pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian eklampsi di RSUD Kota Makassar tahun 2018.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitikdengan melakukan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study untuk mengetahui hubungan usia dan tekanan darahterhadap kejadian eklampsi di RSUD Daya kota makassar dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 312 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 312 orang dengan menggunakan teknik Total Sampling. Dari hasil uji statistic dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square diperoleh untuk variable hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian eklampsi nilai P (0,005)< α = 0,05 artinya ada hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian eklampsi. Untuk variable hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan kejadian eklampsi nilai P (0,00) <α = 0,05 artinya ada hubungan antara tekanan darah dengan kejadian eklampsi. Diperlukannya pemeriksaan antenatal care sebelum usia kehamilan 28 minggu, sehingga bidan/pelayan kesehatan memberikan penyuluhan pada ibu hamil.Kesimpulan dari dua variable yaitu usia dan tekanan darah, variable usia dan tekanan darah memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian eklampsi di RSUD kota Makassar tahun 2018.
Malabsorptive techniques in bariatric surgery
Authors: Sánchez Pernaute A , Torres A , Rubio MÁ , Pérez Aguirre ME 
Published: February 2020

Resumen

Introducción: la cirugía malabsortiva fue el origen de la cirugía bariátrica y metabólica, evolucionando desde los bypasses intestinales hasta el moderno cruce duodenal para disminuir los efectos secundarios de la malabsorción manteniendo el potencial ponderal y metabólico. El bypass duodeno-ileal en una anastomosis con gastrectomía vertical (SADI-S) es una simplificación fisiológica del cruce duodenal, que elimina una anastomosis disminuyendo la complejidad técnica y con ello las complicaciones postoperatorias y a largo plazo.

Pacientes: entre 2007 y 2014, 169 pacientes fueron sometidos a SADI-S en nuestro hospital. La edad media fue 46 años, el IMC medio 46 kg/m2 y el 64% fueron mujeres. 97 pacientes eran diabéticos, 81 presentaban apnea del sueño, 91 hipertensión y 126 dislipemia. Se realizó SADI-S con canal común de dos metros en 50 casos y de 2,5 metros en los restantes 119.

Resultados: no hubo mortalidad postoperatoria. Dos pacientes presentaron fístula anastomótica. La pérdida de exceso de peso fue del 92% el primer año y 89% a los cinco años. El 5% de los pacientes no alcanzaron un 50% de pérdida de exceso de peso. Diez pacientes fueron reintervenidos para alargamiento del asa común por desnutrición recurrente, seis con asa común de dos metros y cuatro con asa de 2,5 metros. La tasa de remisión de la diabetes fue 73% a los cinco años.

Conclusiones: el SADI-S es un cruce duodenal simplificado que consigue pérdidas ponderarles y resultados metabólicos similares a otras técnicas malabsortivas con menor número de complicaciones y efectos secundarios.
Metabolic surgery, a new paradigm for the treatment of diabetes
Authors: Balongo García R , Bejarano Gómez-Serna D , de la Rosa Báez A , Molina García D , García del Pino B , Martínez Mojarro R , Pérez Quintero R 
Published: February 2020

Resumen

La diabetes mellitus tipo II (DM2) es una enfermedad crónica, progresiva e incurable, que ocasiona una reducción de la esperanza y de la calidad de vida. Se está produciendo un incremento epidémico global de la misma asociada a la obesidad, y a largo plazo se convertirá en la mayor carga sobre los sistemas sanitarios. Aunque existe un tratamiento efectivo para la diabetes, muchos de los pacientes sólo con el tratamiento médico no consiguen los objetivos terapéuticos mínimos para el control del riesgo microvascular. Las técnicas quirúrgicas para la obesidad mórbida han demostrado que pueden controlar la hiperglucemia, y existe consenso para su uso como forma de tratamiento para algunos pacientes desde 2015. Dado que los objetivos, el tipo de respuesta y los criterios de efectividad no están relacionados directamente con el sobrepeso, estamos ante un nuevo paradigma, definido por el término cirugía metabólica.
TEOLOGI LESA: STUDI TEOLOGI KONTEKSTUAL BUDAYA HIDUP ORANG WAIMAHU
Authors: Tetelepta Maria Christina , Hendriks M M , Ruhulessin John Chr 
Published: February 2020

Each society has its own traditional forms which passed down orally. These traditions demonstrate and explain the identity and characteristics of the community, which is closely connected to the world and the context in where they are located. The aim of this article is to discover values of Lesa. Lesa is one of the ancestral tradition of the Moluccans who usually live in groups, eat and live together. Contextual theology approach (practical mode) is developed in order to explore and examine life-lesa of Waimahu people. For Waimau people, lesa is a place in where all family members sit around to have meal together and a right time for parents to talk to children. Then, lesa is applied also to reconciliation. Shortly, Lesa means to gather a family together: sit together, have meal together, give thank to the Lord together, and enjoy reconciliation with God and neighbor. As cultural heritage, lesa must be transmitted to the new generation.
Économie de la Presse et de la Communication en Algérie
Authors: Ahcène-Djaballah Belkacem 
Published: February 2020

Dans la plupart des pays du monde libéral, et surtout dans les nouvelles économies libérées des contraintes de la propriété collective ou étatique, les paysages médiatiques ont été les premiers à « faire les frais » des transformations survenues dans l’univers des médias. Pour le marché algérien de la communication en général, et celui de la presse en particulier, une première étape couvrant les années 1990 a été marquée par ce que l’on a coutume d’appeler l’« aventure intellectuelle », tout particulièrement dans la presse écrite et la publicité ainsi que dans la production audio-visuelle. Très vite cependant, quelques journaux privés ont rapidement connu un certain succès grâce à l’aide désintéressée d’entreprises privées. On assiste alors à un processus allant de « l’infiltration » à « l’appropriation » d’une bonne partie du capital des entreprises médiatiques ou de presse par le rachat des actions, ou par l’augmentation du capital afin de s’assurer de la majorité des actions. Une deuxième étape allant de la fin des années 1990 à la fin des années 2000 va accompagner une libéralisation encore plus large de l’économie nationale. Ce fut alors la phase d’accélération du mouvement d’appropriation de la totalité des capitaux des entreprises existantes. De la fin des années 2000 à nos jours une troisième étape va s’ouvrir sur une « néo-libéralisation » de l’économie nationale encore bien plus large qu’auparavant. Elle se caractérise par une plus forte présence d’entrepreneurs liés, directement ou non, au pouvoir en place et pratiquant une « stratégie de placement » de leurs capitaux. À la veille du 3 e mandat présidentiel, le paysage audiovisuel venait en effet, d’être envahi par une multitude de chaînes de contenu algérien mais dont le siège social se trouvait à l’étranger. Le grand problème réside alors non dans l’existence même de ces médias, mais dans le fait qu’ils étaient pour la plupart financés par l’informel algérien, lui-même animé par des hommes d’affaires et industriels, installés ou non en Algérie, parfois liés à des mouvements politiques ou à des personnalités de la haute administration civile ou militaire.
Construction de séries de stocks de capital humain pour la Chine de 1949 à 2014
Authors: Long Zhiming , Herrera Rémy 
Published: February 2020

Notre problématique, partant du contraste entre rythme accéléré de la croissance économique de la Chine et modération de son évolution démographique, est centrée sur la qualification de la population. Une revue de la littérature sur le capital humain chinois est d’abord proposée afin de mettre en évidence ses avancées et limites. C’est ensuite notre propre méthodologie de construction de deux stocks de capital humain qui est présentée. Nous détaillons les processus de détermination des taux de dépréciation des stocks, puis les accroissements de ces derniers, et enfin des valeurs de stocks pour des années de référence. Nos séries de capital humain chinois de 1949 à 2014 sont finalement livrées aux lecteurs. Classification JEL : C8, I2, J1, N3, O4.
Dans quelle mesure les fonds de pension permettraient-ils de résoudre le problème des retraites en France ?
Authors: Trainar Philippe 
Published: February 2020

L’intérêt des fonds de pension a toujours été contesté en France et, par voie de conséquence, leur place dans l’économie est restée parfaitement marginale. Le débat sur les fonds de pension en France a pu laisser penser, un temps, que leur utilité se limitait à leur capacité à absorber les conséquences du retournement démographique. En réalité, les propriétés économiques de la capitalisation par rapport à la répartition dépassent largement leur capacité à absorber les chocs démographiques. Notamment, elles en font un support extrêmement efficace pour compenser les risques « politiques » que la répartition fait peser sur les retraites. Dans cet article, nous examinons en détail les objections opposées aux fonds de pension, pour constater finalement que la seule vraie difficulté tient aux problèmes soulevés par la transition institutionnelle de la répartition vers la capitalisation. Mais la tendance de notre système de retraite à évoluer vers un système minimaliste beveridgien relativise la portée de cette difficulté.