bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A urbe articulada pela lógica periférica da semiosfera: análise do Centro Social Autogestionado La Tabacalera, na cidade de Madri
Authors: Miranda de Oliveira Regiane , Nakagawa Fábio Sadao 
Published: October 2020

<p>Tendo por base a noção de semiosfera e o modo de articulação de sua região periférica, tal como foram definidos pelo semioticista da cultura Iuri Lotman, este artigo busca compreender de que maneira o <em>Centro Social Autogestionado La Tabacalera</em>, situado no bairro <em>Embajadores/ Lavapiés</em>, região central de Madri, se articula como um espaço periférico por onde a cidade, efetivamente, se constrói por meio de textos culturais inovadores. Em conformidade com tal perspectiva, o estudo visa perceber este lugar pela sua caracterização eminentemente sígnica e informacional, bem como pelo diálogo que estabelece com o entorno. Com isso, busca-se atentar para a articulação da cidade pelo viés da cultura que a tensiona, demonstrando, com isso, sua face mais dinâmica. </p>
Hybrid Bioprinting of Zonally Stratified Human Articular Cartilage Using Scaffold‐Free Tissue Strands as Building Blocks
Authors: Wu Yang , Ayan Bugra , Moncal Kazim K. , Kang Youngnam , Dhawan Aman , Koduru Srinivas V. , Ravnic Dino J. , Kamal Fadia , Ozbolat Ibrahim T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe heterogeneous and anisotropic articular cartilage is generally studied as a layered structure of “zones” with unique composition and architecture, which is difficult to recapitulate using current approaches. A novel hybrid bioprinting strategy is presented here to generate zonally stratified cartilage. Scaffold‐free tissue strands (TSs) are made of human adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) or predifferentiated ADSCs. Cartilage TSs with predifferentiated ADSCs exhibit improved mechanical properties and upregulated expression of cartilage‐specific markers at both transcription and protein levels as compared to TSs with ADSCs being differentiated in the form of strands and TSs of nontransfected ADSCs. Using the novel hybrid approach integrating new aspiration‐assisted and extrusion‐based bioprinting techniques, the bioprinting of zonally stratified cartilage with vertically aligned TSs at the bottom zone and horizontally aligned TSs at the superficial zone is demonstrated, in which collagen fibers are aligned with designated orientation in each zone imitating the anatomical regions and matrix orientation of native articular cartilage. In addition, mechanical testing study reveals a compression modulus of ≈1.1 MPa, which is similar to that of human articular cartilage. The prominent findings highlight the potential of this novel bioprinting approach for building biologically, mechanically, and histologically relevant cartilage for tissue engineering purposes.
Wet‐Spinning of Biocompatible Core–Shell Polyelectrolyte Complex Fibers for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Cui Qing , Bell Daniel Josef , Rauer Sebastian Bernhard , Wessling Matthias 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolyelectrolyte complex fibers (PEC fibers) have great potential with regard to biomedical applications as they can be fabricated from biocompatible and water‐soluble polyelectrolytes under mild process conditions. The present publication describes a novel method for the continuous fabrication of PEC fibers in a water‐based wet‐spinning process by interfacial complexation within a core–shell spinneret. This process combines the robustness and flexibility of nonsolvent‐induced phase separation (NIPS) spinning processes conventionally used in the membrane industry with the complexation between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. The produced fibers demonstrate a core–shell structure with a low‐density core and a highly porous polyelectrolyte complex shell of ≈800 μm diameter. In the case of chitosan and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), mechanical fiber properties could be enhanced by doping the PSS with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The resulting CHI/PSS‐PEO fibers present a Young modulus of 3.78 GPa and a tensile strength of 165 MPa, which is an excellent combination of elongation at break and break stress compared to literature. The suitability of the CHI/PSS‐PEO fibers as a scaffold for cell culture applications is verified by a four‐day cultivation of human HeLa cells on PEO‐reinforced fibers with a subsequent analysis of cell viability by fluorescence‐based live/dead assay.
Retroreflection and Wettability Controlled Smart Indicator Based on Responsive Bilayer Photonic Crystals for Traffic Warning
Authors: Qi Yong , Zhou Changtong , Niu Wenbin , Zhang Shufen , Wu Suli , Ma Wei , Tang Bingtao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDue to the increasing human mortality caused by natural disasters and traffic accidents, the development of smart traffic warning systems is urgent. The first smart indicator for traffic warning based on bilayer photonic crystals with both selective retroreflection and response reflection optical properties is developed. The wettability‐controlled reflection evaluates the risk of landslides and warns drivers to slow down, while the retroreflection simultaneously displays iridescent vivid structural colors to observers at different viewing directions relative to the illumination direction and informs drivers the approaching of the accident blackspot. The mechanism involves diffractions in the periodic nanostructures and uses the wettability of vertical surfaces to realize the spectral diversity of reflectance. Moreover, colorful flickering structural colors based on the rotational periodic diffraction and angle dependence of the retroreflection are designed for speed limits warning. It demonstrates an energy‐efficient, smart, and tunable multi‐functionalized bilayer photonic crystal that is especially suitable for nighttime traffic warning, advertisement, and periodic warning display applications.
Are we measuring the same thing? Psychometric and research considerations when adopting new testing modes in the time of COVID‐19
Authors: Booth Tom , Murray Aja , Muniz‐Terrera Graciela 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs the world navigates unchartered territories and witnesses the overwhelming impact of COVID‐19, investigators face important challenges to ensure continuity of research studies in a scientifically sound manner. Given the susceptibility of the older population to COVID‐19, research in the field of aging and dementia may be more severely impacted than other areas. With in‐person testing halted, researchers are considering remote testing to collect data on questionnaires and functioning, including cognitive functioning. This is not without challenges. Here, we discuss psychometric properties of the scales that need to be considered and evaluated when implementing remote testing to ensure the quality of the studies is preserved. We encourage the community to join efforts to improve practice sharing and facilitating access to item‐level data.
Seeing the Unseen: Experimental Observation of Magnetic Anapole State Inside a High‐Index Dielectric Particle
Authors: Kapitanova Polina , Zanganeh Esmaeel , Pavlov Nikita , Song Mingzhao , Belov Pavel , Evlyukhin Andrey , Miroshnichenko Andrey 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe existence of non‐radiating electromagnetic sources attracts much attention in photonic community and gives rise to extensive discussions of various applications in lasing, medical imaging, sensing, and nonlinear optics. In this article, the existence of magnetic anapole states (or magnetic‐type non‐radiating sources) characterized by a suppressed magnetic dipole radiation in a dielectric cylindrical particle is theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated. The specific features of the magnetic anapole state under ideal conditions are identified, followed by a demonstration of how their existence can be detected in practical structures. The concept is valid in various frequency bands from visible range for nanoparticles to microwave range for millimeter size objects. The experimental study is performed in microwave frequency range which allows not only to measure the far‐field (scattered field) characteristics, but also to probe the peculiar field profile directly inside the dielectric particle. The experimental results agree well with the analytical ones and pave the way to detect and identify nontrivial different‐type anapole states.
Analysis of mitochondrial protein‐coding genes of Antheraea assamensis: Muga silkworm of Assam
Authors: Uddin Arif , Chakraborty Supriyo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo understand the synonymous codon usage pattern in mitochondrial genome of Antheraea assamensis, we analyzed the 13 mitochondrial protein‐coding genes of this species using a bioinformatic approach as no work was reported yet. The nucleotide composition analysis suggested that the percentages of A, T, G,and C were 33.73, 46.39, 9.7 and 10.17, respectively and the overall GC content was 19.86, that is, lower than 50% and the genes were AT rich. The mean effective number of codons of mitochondrial protein‐coding genes was 36.30 and it indicated low codon usage bias (CUB). Relative synonymous codon usage analysis suggested overrepresented and underrepresented codons in each gene and the pattern of codon usage was different among genes. Neutrality plot analysis revealed a narrow range of distribution for GC content at the third codon position and some points were diagonally distributed, suggesting both mutation pressure and natural selection influenced the CUB.
Automated measurement of repetitive behavior using the Microsoft Kinect: a proof of concept
Authors: Maharaj André V. , Gutierrez Anibal , Cueto Carlos , Cadavid Steven 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Microsoft Kinect is a motion‐sensing device that enables users to interact with a computer through body movements. The Kinect was initially developed for video game users (e.g., Microsoft Xbox) although another important use may be as an automated system for measuring human behavior. To demonstrate the potential utility of the Kinect for behavioral measurement, we asked adults to perform various repetitive behaviors while in view of the Kinect sensor. Data collected from Kinect was analyzed via the Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) program generating frequency of occurrences of repetitive behavior. To assess validity of the automated recording measurement, Kinect data were compared to frequency data obtained via direct human observation. Overall, there was a high‐level of agreement (92%) between measurement procedures (automated vs. human), although the automated system tended to result in slightly lower frequencies (false negatives) than was captured via human observation. Based on these findings, the Kinect technology showed solid potential as a tool for the automatic measurement of behavior. Suggestions for methodical refinement and future evaluation are discussed.
Expression and characterization of chimeric spidroins from flagelliform‐aciniform repetitive modules
Authors: Tian Lu‐Yang , Meng Qing , Lin Ying 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSpiders can produce up to seven different types of silks or glues with different mechanical properties. Of these, flagelliform (Flag) silk is the most elastic, and aciniform (AcSp1) silk is the toughest. To produce a chimeric spider silk (spidroin) FlagR‐AcSp1R, we fused one repetitive module of flagelliform silk from Araneus ventricosus and one repetitive module of aciniform silk from Argiope trifasciata. The recombinant protein expressed in E. coli formed silk‐like fibers by manual‐drawing. CD analysis showed that the secondary structure of FlagR‐AcSp1R spidroin remained stable during the gradual reduction of pH from 7.0 to 5.5. The spectrum of FTIR indicated that the secondary structure of FlagR‐AcSp1R changed from α‐helix to β‐sheet. The conformation change of FlagR‐AcSp1R was similar to other spidroins in the fiber formation process. SEM analysis revealed that the mean diameter of the fibers was around 1 ~ 2 μm, and the surface was smooth and uniform. The chimeric fibers exhibited superior toughness (~33.1 MJ/m3) and tensile strength (~261.4 MPa). This study provides new insight into design of chimeric spider silks with high mechanical properties.
Hot‐cracking susceptibility of fully austenitic stainless steel using pulsed‐current gas tungsten arc‐welding process
Authors: Abu‐Aesh Mohamed , Taha Mohamed , El‐Sabbagh Ahmed Salem , Dorn Lutz 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe pulsed‐current gas tungsten arc‐welding process (PCGTAW) has recently been recommended as an approach to eliminate the high susceptibility of austenitic stainless steel to hot cracking. Within a wide range of variables, in the present study, the effects of pulse frequency, time ratio, and pulse current on the cracking susceptibility of austenitic stainless‐steel thin sheets are investigated. A fan‐shaped cracking test specimen is adopted, and suitable final dimensions are obtained by conducting some preliminary experiments. A good correlation is found between the maximum crack length, which is taken as a cracking susceptibility index, and the pulse form variables. The results are found to be significantly improved when compared with those of the continuous‐current process, which indicates that the PCGTAW process has an effective role in reducing the hot‐cracking susceptibility. The optimal conditions of the pulse form variables based on the hot‐cracking susceptibility are determined. The optimal values of the time ratio are found to be less than 50%, together with a pulse frequency of less than 1 Hz. Some new microstructure measures, such as columnar structure ratio, grain orientation angle, puddle diversion angle, and overlapping ratio, which are originally defined in this work, in addition to grain size and puddle form factor (aspect ratio), are used to interpret the hot‐cracking behavior. All are found to have a direct impact on the hot‐cracking susceptibility. The results obtained from microstructure examinations showed that the cracks formed are either intergranular or transgranular cracks.
High‐resolution depth measurements in digital microscopic surgery
Authors: Babilon Sebastian , Myland Paul , Schlestein Lucas , Klabes Julian , Khanh Tran Quoc 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFully digital microscopes are becoming more and more common in surgical applications. In addition to high‐resolution stereoscopic images of the operating field, which can be transmitted over long distances or stored directly, these systems offer further potentials by supporting the surgical workflow based on their fully digital image processing chain. For example, the image display can be adapted to the respective surgical scenario by adaptive color reproduction optimization or image overlays with additional information, such as the tissue topology. Knowledge of this topology can be used for computer‐assisted or augmented‐reality‐guided microsurgical treatments and enables additional features such as spatially resolved spectral reconstruction of surface reflectance. In this work, a new method for high‐resolution depth measurements in digital microsurgical applications is proposed, which is based on the principle of laser triangulation. Part of this method is a sensor data fusion procedure to properly match the laser scanner and camera data. In this context, a strategy based on radial basis function interpolation techniques is presented to handle missing or corrupt data, which, due to the measuring principle, can occur on steep edges and through occlusion. The proposed method is used for the acquisition of high‐resolution depth profiles of various organic tissue samples, proving the feasibility of the proposed concept as a supporting technology in a digital microsurgical workflow.
E‐government through the lens of trading zones: A case of e‐government implementation in Dubai
Authors: Alghatam Noora H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe paper explores the implementation of public sector information systems in a relatively atypical context, which is the rapidly developing city of Dubai. The paper specifically addresses the interactions between public and private sector teams in a large public sector organization in Dubai as they collaborate to complete an e‐government project within a short timeframe. The paper employs a framework that consists of institutional logics and concepts from the theory of trading zones to examine this exchange of ideas and artifacts between the two teams. Trading zones are conceptualized as embedded within wider institutional arrangements. The paper explores the trading activities between the teams as institutional enactments that come to shape e‐government outcomes in terms of roles and norms of the public sector staff. This reveals specific insights into how e‐government projects are locally enacted and how these shape the roles of public sector staff as contributors to city development. Overall, the paper argues that these engagements between public sector staff and contracted private sector consultants and vendors lead to the exchange of new knowledge, ideas, and artifacts that reproduce and reframe the sociocultural roles of public sector staff to fit with the new organizational context.
Thermally drawn biodegradable fibers with tailored topography for biomedical applications
Authors: Farajikhah Syamak , Runge Antoine F. J. , Boumelhem Badwi B. , Rukhlenko Ivan D. , Stefani Alessio , Sayyar Sepidar , Innis Peter C. , Fraser Stuart T. , Fleming Simon , Large Maryanne C. J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere is a growing demand for polymer fiber scaffolds for biomedical applications and tissue engineering. Biodegradable polymers such as polycaprolactone have attracted particular attention due to their applicability to tissue engineering and optical neural interfacing. Here we report on a scalable and inexpensive fiber fabrication technique, which enables the drawing of PCL fibers in a single process without the use of auxiliary cladding. We demonstrate the possibility of drawing PCL fibers of different geometries and cross‐sections, including solid‐core, hollow‐core, and grooved fibers. The solid‐core fibers of different geometries are shown to support cell growth, through successful MCF‐7 breast cancer cell attachment and proliferation. We also show that the hollow‐core fibers exhibit a relatively stable optical propagation loss after submersion into a biological fluid for up to 21 days with potential to be used as waveguides in optical neural interfacing. The capacity to tailor the surface morphology of biodegradable PCL fibers and their non‐cytotoxicity make the proposed approach an attractive platform for biomedical applications and tissue engineering.
Development and validation of an instrument to assess adherence to occupational health protocols in dentistry
Authors: Vazquez‐Alcaraz Silverio J. , Rodriguez‐Soto M Cecilia , Monroy‐Salcedo Ramon A. , Cardenas‐Delgado Rocio K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was the creation and validation of an instrument to evaluate adherence to occupational health protocols used in dentistry that arise from official regulations and international recommendations on infection control, biosafety, and occupational health in dentistry. Additionally, in May 2017 the effectiveness of the instrument was documented within the dental care clinics in the postgraduate area.MethodsThe instrument was developed based on constructs of occupational health, infection control, and biosafety in dentistry, made up of 21 indicators of 5 dimensions called protocols. Using direct observation through 35 measurements during 1 week, adherence to occupational health protocols was evaluated in postgraduate residents within the clinical sections of endodontics/pediatric dentistry, periodontics, prosthodontics, and orthodontics.ResultsThe instrument presents an index of 0.88 in Cronbach's alpha analysis. There is a 34.4% adherence within the postgraduate dental clinic to the proposed occupational health protocols. The protocol with the highest adherence at 41.1% was the personal protection protocol. The periodontics section had a 52.9% observance of the proposed protocols and had the highest adherence to occupational health protocols.ConclusionsThe proposed instrument is valid and reliable to evaluate adherence to the proposed occupational health protocols within dental care clinics. Dental clinics must be inspected and evaluated to ensure adherence to infection control, biosafety, and occupational health protocols within routine dental practice.
Female Moose Prioritize Forage Over Mortality Risk in Harvested Landscapes
Authors: Francis Alexandra L. , Procter Chris , Kuzyk Gerald , Fisher Jason T. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTSince 2010, several moose (Alces alces) populations have declined across North America. These declines are believed to be broadly related to climate and landscape change. At the western reaches of moose continental range, in the interior of British Columbia, Canada, wildlife managers have reported widespread declines of moose populations. Disturbances to forests from a mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonum ponderosae) outbreak and associated salvage logging infrastructure in British Columbia are suspected as a mechanism manifested in moose behavior and habitat selection. We examined seasonal differences in moose habitat selection in response to landscape change from mountain pine beetle salvage logging infrastructure: dense road networks and large intensive forest harvest cutblocks. We used 157,447 global positioning system locations from 83 adult female moose from 2012 to 2016 on the Bonaparte Plateau at the southern edge of the Interior Plateau of central British Columbia to test whether increased forage availability, landscape features associated with increased mortality risk, or the cumulative effects of salvage logging best explain female moose distribution using resource selection functions in an information‐theoretic framework. We tested these hypotheses across biological seasons, defined using a cluster analysis framework. The cumulative effects of forage availability and risk best predicted resource selection of female moose in all seasons; however, the covariates included in the cumulative models varied between seasons. The top forage availability model better explained moose habitat use than the top risk model in all seasons, except for the calving and fall seasons where the top risk model (distance to road) better predicted moose space use. Selection of habitat that provides forage in winter, spring, and summer suggests that moose seasonally trade predation risk for the benefits of foraging in early seral vegetation communities in highly disturbed landscapes. Our results identified the need for intensive landscape‐scale management to stem moose population declines. Additional research is needed on predator densities, space use, and calf survival in relation to salvage logging infrastructure. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.