bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Tablets
Authors: Menezes Cylma , M Vishal , B Shyamkumar , N Reema 
Published: August 2020

A simple, efficient and reproducible reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and in tablets. A column having 250 x 4.6 mm i.d. (Kromasil C18) in isocratic mode with mobile phase containing 50 mM potassium dihydrogen o-phosphate buffer (triethylamine 0.2%), (pH 3.7 adjusted with o-phosphoric acid): acetonitrile (56:44 v/v) was used. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and effluent was monitored at 232 nm. The retention time of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide was 10.15 and 3.78 min respectively. All calibration curves showed good linear correlation coefficients within the tested limits (r2 > 0.9995). The linearity dynamic range was found to be 20-150 µg/ml and 5-45 µg/ml for valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide respectively. Percentage recoveries for valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide were 100.45 % and 98.75 % respectively. All the analytical validation parameters were determined and found in the limit as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines which indicates the validity of the method. The developed method was found to be accurate, precise and robust for the simultaneous estimation of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and in tablets.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Allamanda cathartica L. Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Rao M. Linga , G Bhumi , N Savithramma 
Published: August 2020

Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) exhibit tremendous applications in medicine as antimicrobial agent. The use of different parts of plants for the synthesis of nanoparticles is considered as a green technology as it does not involve any harmful chemicals. In the present study, we report a rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of medicinal plant Allamanda cathartica. The active phytochemicals present in the plant were responsible for the quick reduction of silver ion to metallic silver nanoparticles. The reduced silver nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The spherical shaped silver nanoparticles were observed and it was found to 19-40 nm range of size. These phytosynthesized SNPs were tested for their antimicrobial activity and it analyzed by measuring the inhibitory zone. A. cathartica aqueous leaf extract of SNPs showed highest toxicity to Pseudomonas followed by Klebsiella, Bacillus and E. coli and lowest toxicity towards Proteus. In fungal species, highest inhibition zone was noted against Rhizopus followed by Curvularia, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger and minimum inhibition zone was observed against Fusarium species. These results suggest a promising potential of Indian plant-based green chemistry for production of SNPs for biomedical and nanotechnology applications.
Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Dissolving Gliclazide Tablets by Complexation with Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin
Authors: Aly Adel M , Al-Akhali Khaled M. , Alrefaey Hesham , Shaker Mahmoud A. 
Published: August 2020

Gliclazide (GZ) is practically insoluble in water and its bioavailability is limited by dissolution rate. The aim of the present study was to enhance the dissolution rate and bioavailability of GZ by complexation with hydroxypropyl (HP)-β-cyclodextrin (CD) applying three different methods; physical mixing, kneading technique and spray drying technique. Also, to evaluate the dissolution rate and the hypoglycemic effect of the prepared complexes, in comparison with the GZ market product (Glizide tablets) in Saudi market. The produced complexes were characterized and evaluated using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the in vitro release studies. All the methods of preparation of complexes were found to be effective in improving the solubility of gliclazide in comparison with the commercial product (Glizide tablets). The formation of inclusion complexes was evident in these formulations as shown by DSC and XRD studies. The inclusion complexes prepared by spray drying method in 1:1 molar ratios were the most effective method for improving the solubility of GZ. The in-vivo hypoglycemic effect of the complexed GZ-HP-β-CD prepared by spray drying significantly improved the biological performance and therapeutic efficacy of the drug compared to Glizide market product.
Selective Enumeration of Lactobacillus acidophilus for Probiotic Formulations
Authors: Bhattacharyya Barun K , Chowdhury S , Das S , Saha P K , Mukherjee S , Manna A , Bhattacharjee D 
Published: August 2020

Probiotic microorganisms have been utilized for many years in food processing, preservations and for nutraceutical health benefits. There are a large number of pharmaceutical formulations containing probiotic microorganisms available in the market worldwide. Majority of these organisms are the members specifically from genera Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium. A number of media have been proposed for selective or differential enumeration of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in mixed populations. The development of selective medium using different types of ingredients and antibiotic are well practiced. In the present study we have developed a selective medium for the enumeration of Lactobacillus acidophilus by utilizing the antibiotic ofloxacin resistance of the organism in Lactobacilli MRS-agar. Samples were analyzed by determining viable counts in reference Lactobacilli MRS agar and selective Lactobacilli MRS-ofloxacin agar media. The results were statistically analyzed to evaluate the precision, accuracy, reproducibility and selectivity of the method developed. Thus MRS containing ofloxacin medium can be used for selective enumeration of Lactobacillus acidophilus strains available in commercial formulations containing Bifidobacterium species.
Recent Advances in Microspheres Technology for Drug Delivery
Authors: Verma Navneet Kumar , Alam Gulzar , D K Vishwakarma , Mishra J N , Khan Wajahat Ullah , Singh Abhay Pratap , Roshan Asha 
Published: August 2020

Microspheres are the novel drug delivery system. A well considered controlled drug delivery system can overcome some of the problems of predictable therapy and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a given drug. There are various approaches in delivering a therapeutic substance to the target site in a sustained controlled release approach. A Microspheres has its drug dispersed throughout the particle i.e., the internal structure is a matrix of drug and polymeric excipients. It is the reliable means to deliver the drug to the target site with specificity, if modified and to maintain the desired concentration at the site of interest without untoward effects. Microspheres are typically free flowing powders consisting of synthetic polymers which are biodegradable in nature. Microspheres are particles between 0.1 and 200 μm in size. Microspheres received much consideration not only for prolonged release, but also for targeting of anticancer drugs to the tumor. Microspheres are spherical microparticles and are used where reliable and expected particle surface area is important. A microsphere has a drug located centrally within the particle, where it is encased within a unique polymeric membrane. In future by combining various other strategies, microspheres will find the central place in novel drug delivery, particularly in diseased cell sorting, diagnostics, gene and genetic materials, safe, targeted and effective in-vivo delivery and supplements as miniature versions of diseased organ and tissues in the body.
Formulation and Evaluation of Nanosuspension of Simvastatin
Authors: Shid Rupali L. , Dhole Shashikant N. , Kulkarni Nilesh , Shid Santosh L 
Published: August 2020

Poor water solubility and slow dissolution rate are issues for the majority of upcoming and existing biologically active compounds. Simvastatin is poorly water-soluble drug and its bioavailability is very low from its crystalline form. The purpose of this study wasto increase the solubility and dissolution rate of simvastatin by the preparation of nanosuspension by emulsification solvent diffusion method at laboratory scale. Prepared nanosus-pension was evaluated for its particle size and in vitro dissolution study and characterized by zeta potential,differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), motic digital microscopy, entrapment efficiency, total drug content, saturated solubility study and in vivo study. A 23 factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables, amount of SLS (X1), amount of PVPK-30 (X2) and poloxamer-188 (X3) and dependent variables are total drug content and polydispersity Index. The obtained results showed that particle size (nm) and rate of dissolution has been improved when nanosuspension prepared with the higherconcentration of PVPK-30 with the higher concentration of PVP K-30 and Poloxamer-188 and lower concentration of SLS. The particle size and zeta potential of optimized formulation was found to be 258.3 nm and 23.43. The rate of dissolution of the optimized nanosuspension was enhanced (90% in 60min), relative to plain simvastatin (21% in 60 min), mainly due to the formation of nanosized particles. These results indicate the suitability of 23 factorial design for preparation of simvastatin loaded nano-suspension significantly improved in vitro dissolution rate and thus possibly enhance fast onset of therapeutic drug effect. In vivo study shows increase in bioavailability in nanosuspension formulation than the plain simvastatin drug.
Development of Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics for “Probiotic Therapy” under Clinical Conditions, to Prevent or Cure the Deadly Hospital Acquired Infections due to Clostridium difficile (C. diff.) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Reddy Dr. M.S. , Reddy D.R.K. 
Published: August 2020

This research article outlines the development and use of multiple mixed strain Probiotics, selected on the basis of their natural antibiotic and antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics such as vancomycin, bacitracin, and sulfonamides, in an attempt to successfully override the hospital associated infections due to Clostridium difficile (C. diff) and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Suitable procedures were developed to study the antibiotic resistance or sensitivity of the Probiotics and other gastrointestinal tract associated flora. The associative growth relationships of the mixed strain Probiotics were determined prior to pairing them in terms of their compatibility, using the differential plating techniques and phage typing. The specific phages infecting several Probiotics have been isolated and the techniques were developed to study the strain dominance among the stains of the same species of Probiotics using the bacteriophages. The effect of individual strains of the multiple mixed strain Probiotics on the inhibition of C. diff and MRSA has been evaluated and compared to the level of inhibition if all the Probiotic strains combined as mixed cultures. The synergetic effects of mixed Probiotic cultures in combination with the vancomycin, bacitracin and sulfamethoxazole to inhibit the growth of C. diff and MRSA was evaluated. Using the results of associative growth studies, antibiotic resistance and sensitivities, phage patterns, a prophylactic and curative or therapeutic blend of the multiple mixed strain Probiotics were developed (using cryogenic technology) and tested using community based clinical trials in the hospital atmosphere.
Revised and New Proper Motions for Confirmed and Candidate Milky Way Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: McConnachie Alan W. , Venn Kim A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A new derivation of systemic proper motions of Milky Way satellites is presented and applied to 59 confirmed or candidate dwarf galaxy satellites using Gaia Data Release 2. This constitutes all known Milky Way dwarf galaxies (and likely candidates) as of 2020 May, except for the Magellanic Clouds, the Canis Major and Hydra 1 stellar overdensities, and the tidally disrupting Bootes III and Sagittarius dwarf galaxies. We derive systemic proper motions for the first time for Indus 1, DES J0225+0304, Cetus 2, Pictor 2, and Leo T, but note that the latter three rely on photometry that is of poorer quality than that of the rest of the sample. We cannot resolve a signal for Bootes 4, Cetus 3, Indus 2, Pegasus 3, or Virgo 1. Our method is inspired by the maximum likelihood approach of Pace & Li and examines simultaneously the spatial, color–magnitude, and proper motion distribution of sources. Systemic proper motions are derived without the need to identify confirmed radial velocity members, although the proper motions of these stars, where available, are incorporated into the analysis through a prior on the model. The associated uncertainties on the systemic proper motions are on average a factor of ∼1.4 smaller than existing literature values. Analysis of the implied membership distribution of the satellites suggests that we accurately identify member stars with a contamination rate lower than 1 in 20.
Héritage familial du cancer et implication psychosomatique itérative
Authors: Diez María Laura , Eiguer Alberto 
Published: August 2020

Ce travail aborde une recherche qui décrit et analyse les particularités du réseau intersubjectif et intrapsychique du patient atteint de cancer, qu’explore l’articulation entre les variables suivantes : antécédents familiaux de cancer, incidence et répétition de traumatismes (précoces et récents), référence à la typologie de la famille nucléaire, qu’elle soit œdipienne, anaclitique-dépressive, perverse ou narcissique. Il s’agit d’une étude qualitative, exploratoire et descriptive, avec un échantillonnage intentionnel non probabiliste, composé de dix patients adultes, présentant des cancers de localisations et de formes différentes, ainsi que des antécédents familiaux de cancer. Les données ont été recensées au cours de trois entretiens semi-structurés dont l’unité d’observation est focalisée sur la narration des patients. On en déduit que la vulnérabilité de ces patients est marquée à la fois par l’expérience de traumatismes douloureux anciens et récents, et par le fonctionnement de leur groupe familial (famille anaclitique-dépressive en huit cas et narcissique pour les deux autres). Un des cas cliniques et le génogramme d’un autre cas illustrent ces propos.
Utilization of Laparoscopic Surgery in Cirrhosis of the Liver
Authors: Obonna GC , Obonna MC , Mishra RK 
Published: August 2020

Surgery in patients with cirrhosis of the liver is dangerous and risky due to abnormalities in their physiology. However these patients do present with conditions that may require surgical intervention. Laparoscopic surgery is safer for these patients as it mitigates the dangers and complications associated with open surgery, offers shorter operation time and subserves a diagnostic value in its safe use to determine and confirm the pathology of the liver. The aim of this study is to determine if laparoscopic surgery is dangerous or safe for patients with cirrhosis of the liver. A literature review was done using search engines viz Hinari, goggle, high wire press and overview of our experiences in patients in university of medical science teaching hospital Ondo. References to our experiences during our subspecialty training at world laparoscopy hospital New-Delhi were also beneficial in the course of this study. The results show that the technique of laparoscopy in all index cases is more favourable than open surgery in cirrhotic patients. We conclude that cirrhosis of the liver does not contraindicate the procedure of laparoscopy.
Análise Prática de Mediação Acessível com um grupo de pessoas com deficiência intelectual em um museu português/ Practical analysis of accessible mediation with a group of people with intellectual disabilities in a portuguese museum
Authors: Salasar Desirée Nobre , Michelon Francisca Ferreira 
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir uma intervenção da Terapia Ocupacional em uma visita com mediação acessível oferecida a um grupo de crianças com deficiência intelectual e necessidades educativas especiais, em um museu português. A prática referida neste trabalho insere-se no campo da Terapia Ocupacional e Cultura e foi realizada no Museu da Comunidade Concelhia da Batalha, localizado na Vila da Batalha, em Portugal, dentro do contexto do estágio em Acessibilidade Cultural, realizado no ano de 2015. As visitas guiadas a públicos especiais já compunham as atividades do setor educativo do Museu. Entretanto, a visita que será relatada neste artigo foi a primeira experiência do museu com intervenção da Terapia Ocupacional. Como resultados apresenta-se a relevância da utilização do instrumento de análise de atividade para que a visita abranja maiores interações entre sujeito-informação-ambiente. Destaca-se, assim, a necessidade do terapeuta ocupacional enquanto profissional integrante da equipe do setor educativo do museu. Com este trabalho, pretende-se fomentar a atuação do terapeuta ocupacional em ambientes museais. AbstractThis article aims to present and discuss an intervention of Occupational Therapy in a visit with accessible mediation offered to a group of children with intellectual disability and special educational needs, in a Portuguese museum. The practice referred to in this work is in the field of Occupational Therapy and Culture and was held in the Museum of the Community of Batalha, located in Vila da Batalha, Portugal, within the context of the Cultural Accessibility Internship, held in 2015. The guided visits to special publics already comprised the activities of the educative sector of the Museum. However, the visit that will be reported in this article was the first experience of the museum with intervention of Occupational Therapy. As results, the relevance of the use of the activity analysis tool is presented so that the visit encompasses greater interactions between subject-information-environment. This highlights the need for the occupational therapist as a professional member of the museum's educational staff. This work intends to promote the work of the occupational therapist in museum settings.Key words: intellectual disability; cultural rights; museums; Occupational Therapy.
Terapia Ocupacional ante la Mutilación Genital Femenina / Occupational Therapy against female genital mutilation
Authors: Titos Laura Vega , Morrison Rodolfo , Ruiz María Teresa Gil 
Published: August 2020

Introducción: La mutilación genital femenina (MGF) es una práctica altamente dañina para la vida de las mujeres. Su salud física, psicológica, sexual y reproductiva se ve deteriorada, generando depresión, ansiedad, fobias, pánico e incluso, alteraciones psicóticas, que pueden marginarlas o llevarlas a la muerte. Objetivo: este artículo de revisión busca analizar el posible rol de la Terapia Ocupacional (TO) con mujeres que han sufrido MGF. Métodos: se realiza una revisión bibliográfica narrativa con el objeto de indagar en las publicaciones y otros textos que den cuenta del rol de la TO en esta temática. Resultado/discusión: se observa que existen escasas publicaciones al respecto, siendo un tema importante y necesario de abordar por la TO. Conclusiones: se realiza una propuesta teórico-reflexiva respecto del rol de la TO en mujeres que han sufrido MGF. Para ello, se tienen presentes conceptos como la cultura, la historia y el entorno de cada mujer dentro de su comunidad. Se considera que una intervención terapéutica en esta temática debe integrar perspectivas clínicas, sociales y comunitarias de la TO. AbstractIntroduction: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a highly harmful practice for women's lives. Their physical, psychological, sexual and reproductive health is deteriorated, generating depression, anxiety, phobias, panic and even psychotic alterations, which can marginalize them or even lead them to death. Objective: this review article seeks to analyze the possible role of Occupational Therapy (OT) with women who have suffered FGM. Methods: a narrative bibliographic review is carried out with the aim of investigating the publications and other texts that give an account of the role of OT in this topic. Result/Discussion: it is observed that there are few publications about it, being an important and necessary issue to be addressed by the OT. Conclusions: a theoretical-reflexive proposal is made regarding the role of OT in women who have suffered FGM. For this, concepts such as the culture, history and environment of each woman within their community are taken into account. It is considered that a therapeutic intervention in this topic should integrate clinical, social and community perspectives of OT.Keywords: Female genital mutilation, Occupational therapy, Health.
O suicídio e a prática da terapia ocupacional: reflexões de estudantes de um curso de graduação / The suicide and the occupational therapy practice: reflections of students of a graduation course
Authors: Ferreira Karine Guedes , Gonçalves Monica Villaça 
Published: August 2020

O suicídio é atualmente uma questão social e de saúde pública mundial. No Brasil as taxas vêm aumentando gradativamente. Estudos mostram que os profissionais de saúde nem sempre estão preparados para lidar com pacientes com questões relacionadas ao suicídio. Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações entre o suicídio e a prática da terapia ocupacional a partir das percepções de estudantes de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública sobre o tema. Foram realizadas 13 entrevistas com estudantes de terapia ocupacional de uma IES. Os resultados foram analisados pela abordagem da análise de conteúdo e divididos em duas categorias: (1) Suicídio e a prática da Terapia Ocupacional: a importância da prevenção e (2) Suicídio e questões éticas. Os estudantes entrevistados fazem apontamentos que se relacionam com as políticas públicas nacionais, principalmente no que se refere a prevenção do suicídio e destacam também questões éticas nessa prática. É preciso que o tema seja discutido na graduação, pois a reflexão anterior à prática auxilia os futuros profissionais em suas atuações. Abstract Suicide is a global public health and social issue. In Brazil, rates have gradually increased. Studies show that health professionals are not always prepared to deal with patients with suicide issues. This article aims to reflect on the relationship between suicide and the practice of occupational therapy from the perceptions of students of a public higher education institution (HEI) about the subject. Thirteen interviews were conducted with students of occupational therapy at an HEI. The results were analyzed by the content analysis approach and divided into two categories: (1) Suicide and Occupational Therapy practice: the importance of prevention and (2) Suicide and ethical issues. The interviewed students make notes that relate to national public policies, especially regarding suicide prevention and also highlight ethical issues in this practice. It is necessary that the subject be discussed in the graduation, because the reflection before the practice helps the future professionals in their performancesKeywords: Professional Training; Public Health; Suicide; Occupational Therapy.