bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between animal and herd management factors, serological response to three respiratory pathogens and pluck lesions in finisher pigs on farrow-to-finish farms
Authors: Fitzgerald Rose Mary , O'Shea Helen , Manzanilla Edgar García , Moriarty John , McGlynn Hugh , Díaz Julia Adriana Calderón 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Serological screening is a common method to monitor antibody response to pathogen exposure, but results could vary due to several factors. This study aimed to quantify animal and management related factors associated with variation in antibody levels in finisher pigs at slaughter, in an Irish farrow-to-finish farm endemically infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (App), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyo) and swine influenza virus (SIV). A second objective was to estimate differences in antibody levels in pigs presenting pluck lesions. This was an observational study whereby pigs were managed as per routine farm practice. Data on sow parity, number of born alive (NBA) pigs per litter, cross-fostering status, birth and weaning body weight were recorded from 1,016 pigs born from one farrowing batch. At slaughter, blood samples were collected for serological analysis and pigs were inspected for presence of enzootic pneumonia (EP)-like lesions, pleurisy, pericarditis and heart condemnations. Pigs were retrospectively classified into three production flows, depending on time spent in each production stage: flow 1 (F1; pigs followed the normal production flow); flow 2 (F2; pigs which were delayed by 1 week from advancing forward); and flow 3 (F3; pigs delayed by >1 week from advancing forward). A nested case-control design was applied by matching pigs from each flow by sow parity, birth weight and NBA. Results: Pigs born from primiparous sows had higher antibody levels for App than those born to parity ≥5 sows ( P <0.05) and there was no association between any of the pathogens investigated and other early life indicators ( P >0.05). Pigs in F1 had lower antibody levels for App but higher antibody levels for SIV than F2 and F3 pigs ( P <0.05). There was no association between pluck lesions and respiratory pathogens ( P >0.05), except for increased antibody levels for Mhyo when EP-like lesions were present ( P =0.006). Conclusion: Results indicate that offspring from primiparous sows develop lower antibody levels for App when exposed to this disease and that enforcement of a strict all-in/all-out production system would reduce on-farm disease circulation. A high percentage of pigs were affected with EP-like lesions which were associated with higher antibody levels for Mhyo.
Chest X-ray scanning based detection of COVID-19 using deepconvolutional neural network
Authors: Yadav Samir , Sandhu Jasminder Kaur , Pathak Yadunath , Jadhav Shivajirao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Everyone’s life on earth influenced by a global coronavirus outbreak COVID- 19. Two regular practices, pathology tests, and Computer Tomography (CT) scan used to diagnose COVID-19. Pathology tests produce a considerable amount of false-positives & are time-consuming, whereas CT scans tests are costly and require expert advice. Hence, the main aim of this work is to develop a fast, accurate, and low-cost diagnostic system for detection of COVID-19 using inexpensive chest X-rays and the modern Deep Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) approach to assist medical professionals. In this study, two pre-trained CNN models (VGG16 and InceptionV3) are evaluated by several experiments using data augmentations. The analysis is based on 2905 images of chest X-rays with 219 confirmed positive COVID-19 and 1345 positive pneumonia cases taken from the open-source database consisting of patients suffering from the COVID-19 disease. Since a database consists of multiple types of diseases, multiclass classification for diagnosis of COVID-19 is used. The InceptionV3 model provides the highest classification accuracy (99.35% and 98.29%) for two binary classifications (normal vs. COVID-19 and COVID- 19 vs. Pneumonia) compare to VGG16 model’s accuracy (97.71% and 96.27%). Whereas, VGG16 provides highest accuracy (98.84%)for multiclass-classification(normal vs COVID- 19 vs pneumonia) as compared to VGG16 model’s accuracy(96.35%).
Anti-inflammation Activity of Ageratum Conyzoides Leaf Ethanol Extract on Rattus Norvegicus
Authors: Saputri Maylani Permata , Utami Riani , Fadila Jasmine , Handayani Santi Nur 
Published: August 2020

<p class="E-JournalAbstractBodyIndo">Bandotan (<em>Ageratum conyzoides </em>L) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid dan alkaloid yang diduga mempunyai efek anti-inflamasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui aktivitas anti-inflamasi ekstrak etanol daun <em>A. conyzoides</em> pada tikus yang diinduksi karagenan. Tahapan penelitian adalah maserasi daun <em>A. conyzoides</em> dalam pelarut etanol, uji fitokimia, dan uji aktivitas anti-inflamasi. Uji aktivitas anti-inflamasi dilakukan terhadap 25 tikus putih (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em> L.) jantan yang terbagi menjadi lima kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol (-) larutan CMC 0,5%, kontrol (+) natrium diklofenak, dan pemberian ekstrak dengan dosis 30, 200 dan 448 mg/kgBB. Parameter yang diamati yaitu volume kaki tikus setelah diinduksi 0,1 mL karagenan 1% selama 300 menit diukur dengan pletismometer. Hasil uji anti-inflamasi menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun <em>A. conyzoides</em> dengan dosis 30, 200 dan 448 mg/kgBB memiliki aktivitas anti-inflamasi dengan persen daya anti-inflamasi masing-masing sebesar 10,43; 21,67; dan 30,34 %. Dosis 448 mg/kgBB menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dengan kontrol (+) pada uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun <em>A. conyzoides </em>memiliki aktivitas anti-inflamasi.</p>
Enhancement of the air gap membrane distillation system performance by using the water gap module
Authors: Abu-Zeid Mostafa Abd El-Rady , Lu Xiaolong , Zhang Shaozhe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The negative effect of an air gap layer presented between the membrane and cooling plate on air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) performance was diminished largely by inserting a water gap membrane distillation (WGMD) module in series. The new design of air-gap–water-gap membrane distillation (AG-WG)MD was evaluated experimentally by comparing with an AGMD system under different operating conditions. In theory, mass and heat transfer in the new (AG-WG)MD and imitative AGMD systems were analyzed. Experimental outcomes showed that a new (AG-WG)MD design profoundly enhanced flux (Pd) and gained output ratio (GOR), and greatly decreased energy consumption (STEC) and heat input (EH.I). At a concentration of 5,000 mg/L, coolant temperature of 20 °C, and flow rate of 18 L/h, Pd was promoted by 76.26%, 40.84%, 35.45%, 30.91%, and GOR by 46.38%, 33.46%, 31.27%, 26.65%, in addition to STEC being reduced about 55.63%, 46.81%, 43.66%, 38.30%, and EH.I around 31.31%, 25.84%, 23.53%, 20.55%, from the AGMD to (AG-WG)MD system at feed temperatures of 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, and 80 °C, respectively. The outcomes proved that the AGMD performance could be significantly promoted by integrating with WGMD in a combined MD system. This combination increased the temperature difference across the membrane and decreased thermal-concentration boundary layers for the AGMD system.
Spatial evaluation of land use variability on water quality of the Densu Basin, Ghana
Authors: Anima Gyimah Rita Akosua , Karikari Anthony Yaw , Gyamfi Charles , Asantewaa-Tannor Patricia , Anornu Geophrey Kwame 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The effect of different land use types on the physicochemical water quality of a semi-arid coastal basin is examined. From nine sites, a comprehensive sampling campaign was executed during October 2018 to January 2019. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between water quality characteristics and land use types at the sub-basin and buffer-zone scales. The one-way ANOVA test indicated that most of the parameters are significantly different (p &lt; 0.05) among the sampling sites with the exception of pH, total hardness (TH), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and iron (Fe). Agriculture and built-up/bare land had a positive relationship with turbidity, TSS, conductivity and Fe within 50 m and 150 m buffer zones. Built-up/bare land showed a positive relationship with turbidity, TSS and Cl at the sub-basin scale. Forest cover correlated negatively with water quality although not significantly. Grassland correlated significantly with temperature, Cl and total hardness. Results of the multiple regression analysis indicate that land use types within the riparian buffer zones had greater impact on water quality than at the sub-basin scale. This work provides essential information for land use planners and water managers towards sustainable water resources management.
Acumen Message Drop Scheme (AMD) in Opportunistic Networks
Authors: Lenando Halikul , Kurd Ali Aref Hassan , Alrfaay Mohamad 
Published: August 2020

Background:
In traditional networks, nodes drop messages to free up enough space
for buffer optimization. However, keeping messages alive until they reach their destination is
crucial in Opportunistic Networks. Therefore, this paper proposes an Acumen Message Drop
scheme (AMD) that considers the impact of the message drop decision on data dissemination performance.

Methods:
To achieve this goal, AMD drops the message based on the following considerations:
the estimated time of the arrival of the message to its destination, message time to live, message
transmission time, and the waiting time of the message in the queue. AMD scheme works as a
plug-in in any routing protocol.

Results:
Performance evaluation shows that the integration of the proposed scheme with the
PRoPHET routing protocol may increase efficiency by up to 80%, while if integrated with an Epidemic
routing protocol, efficiency increases by up to 35%. Moreover, the proposed system significantly
increases performance in the case of networks with limited resources.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, most of the previous works did not address the issue of
formulating the message drop decision in the non-social stateless opportunistic networks without
affecting performance.
Molecular Transformations in DNA under the Influence of UV-radiation
Authors: Barkhudaryan Vigen G. , Ananyan Gayane V. , Karapetyan Nelli H. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The processes of destruction and crosslinking of macromolecules occur simultaneously
under the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in synthetic polymers, dry DNA and
their concentrated solutions.

Objective:
The effect of UV radiation on calf thymus DNA in dilute solutions subjected to UV- irradiation
was studied in this work.

Methods:
The calf thymus DNA was studied in dilute solutions using viscometry, absorption spectroscopy
and electrophoresis.

Results:
It was shown that at a low concentration of DNA in the buffer solution ([DNA] = 85 μg /
ml) under the influence of UV radiation, the processes of destruction of macromolecules and an increase
in their flexibility predominate, which are accompanied by a gradual decrease in the viscosity
of their solution. In addition, due to the low concentration of the solution, intramolecular crosslinking
of macromolecules predominates, which also reduces their size and, consequently, the viscosity
of the solution.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that in dilute DNA solutions, due to the predominance of the processes
of intramolecular crosslinking of macromolecules over intermolecular, only constant processes
of decreasing the sizes of DNA macromolecules occur. As a result, their solubility remains
virtually unchanged during UV irradiation. The described explanations are also confirmed by the results
of absorption spectroscopy and electrophoresis.
Comparison of referral methods into a smoking cessation program
Authors: Davis James M , Thomas Leah C , Dirkes Jillian EH , Datta Santanu K , Dennis Paul A 
Published: August 2020

Rational, aims & objectives:
The goal of this observational study was to compare three referral methods and determine which led to the highest utilization of the Duke Smoking Cessation Program (DSCP).
Materials & methods:
We conducted two assessments within the Duke health system: a 12-month assessment of Traditional Referral (a provider refers a patient during a patient visit) and Best Practice Advisory (BPA) (a provider refers a patient after responding to an alert within the electronic health record); and a 30-day assessment of Population Outreach (a list of smokers is generated through the electronic health record and patients are contacted directly).
Results:
Over the 12-month assessment, a total of 13,586 smokers were seen throughout health system clinics receiving services from the DSCP. During this period, the service utilization rate was significantly higher for Traditional Referral (3.8%) than for BPA (0.6%); p < 0.005. The 30-day pilot assessment of showed a service utilization rate for Population Outreach of 6.3%, significantly higher than Traditional Referral (3.8%); p < 0.005 and BPA (0.6%; p < 0.005).
Conclusion:
Population Outreach appears to be an effective referral method for increasing utilization of the DSCP.
Strategi Kebijakan Peningkatan Daya Saing Rumput Laut Indonesia di Pasar Global
Authors: Khaldun Riady Ibnu 
Published: August 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi Pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya meningkatkan daya saing produk rumput laut di pasar global. Jarak waktu yang digunakan dalam memberikan batasan waktu adalah 2009 hingga 2014. Pemerintah Indonesia menyadari besarnya potensi komoditas rumput laut sehingga perlu dimaksimalkan. Optimalisasi potensi tersebut dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui skema kebijakan revitalisasi, industrialisasi, dan penerapan standarisasi rumput laut. Implementasi kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah tersebut tidak dapat dioptimalisasikan karena timbulnya tantangan berupa perbedaan kepentingan dengan para pelaku usaha. Tantangan tersebut diantisipasi oleh pemerintah melalui strategi sinergitas kerjasama dengan aktor lain yang memiliki kepentingan berdasarkan Teori Developmental State, Konsep The Role of Government mendeskripsikan bahwa strategi yang diterapkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya peningkatan daya saing produk rumput laut di pasar global dilakukan dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan yang memberikan kesempatan kepada peran aktor lainnya untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam mengoptimalisasikan implementasi kebijakan.Kata Kunci: Daya Saing, Industrialisasi, Revitalisasi, Standarisasi, Strategi Kebijakan AbstractThis research aims to analyze the strategic policy of Indonesian Government towards increasing the competitiveness effort on seaweed products in global markets. The periods of this research started from 2009 to 2014 as the time intervals. Indonesian Government realized that seaweed commodities had great potentials that should be maximized. Revitalization, Industrialization, and Standardization are the policies that Indonesian Government established to optimize the seaweed potentials. The implementation of policies that applied by the government cannot be optimized because the existing of interest differentiation between government and private actor as a challenge. These challenges anticipated by the government through synergistic strategy with another actors who have an interest in seaweed commodities based on Theory Developmental State, The Role of Government concepts described the strategy that adopted by the Indonesian Government in an effort to increase the competitiveness of seaweed products in the global market is by issuing a policy that gives opportunity for the role of other actors to participate actively in optimizing the policy implementations.Keywords: Competitiveness, Industrialization, Revitalization, Standardization, Strategic Policy
Kepentingan Pemerintah Pusat Dalam Pembangunan Infrastruktur Perbatasan Kalimantan Indonesia-Malaysia Era Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Tahun 2009-2014
Authors: - Saiman 
Published: August 2020

AbstrakKetertinggalan pembangunan di Kalimantan merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya permasalahan perbatasan Kalimantan Indonesia-Malaysia. Berdasarkan Undang-Undang tentang Wilayah Negara, negara bertanggung jawab dalam pembangunan perbatasan guna pencapaian masyarakat perbatasan yang sejahtera dan aman. Tulisan ini mengkaji kepentingan pemerintah pusat pada prioritas kebijakan dan kepentingan, peran dan power interplay antar lembaga serta nasionalisme. Berdasarkan metode kualitiatif dengan studi kasus, bahwa peran Pemerintah (BNPP) hanya sebagai lembaga koordinatif, terjadi ego sektoral antar lembaga. Kekuasaan pemerintah pusat sangat dominan, prioritas kebijakan dan kepentingan pemerintah meliputi faktor politik, keamanan dan strategis geografi, sehingga terjadi perubahan orientasi nasionalisme masyarakat perbatasan.Kata Kunci: kepentingan nasional, pemerintah pusat; pembangunan infrastruktur; perbatasan.AbstractUnderdevelopment in Borneo was one of cause Indonesia-Malaysia border problems. According State Territorial Policy, state was to responsibility in border development for receive border komunities which prosperous and secure. This paper to test central and local government relatios desentralisation era at policy priority and interests, role and power interplay of institutions, and nasionalism. According qualitative method and case studi, that government role as the coordinating institution, sectoral ego bithwin other institutions. Central government power very dominant and priority in policy and intersts central government, include politics factor, security and geografi strategic, so that happen orientation changes communities nationalism. Keywords: borderland, central government, infrastructure development, national interests.
ABORDAGEM TEMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UM OLHAR PARA AS DIFERENTES MODALIDADES NAS AULAS DE CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA
Authors: Klein Sabrina Gabriela , Santos Sául Tamine , Gonçalves Marques Sabrina , Mazocco Paniz Catiane , Muenchen Cristiane 
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como a Abordagem Temática (AT) vem sendo trabalhada nas práticas de sala de aula na área das Ciências da Natureza (Biologia, Física e Química) na Educação Básica, com um olhar para as modalidades utilizadas no seu desenvolvimento. Para isso, investigou-se 48 trabalhos de eventos da área (EREBIO, SNEF e EDEQ) que possuíam o termo “Abordagem Temática”. A análise ocorreu por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) e resultou em duas categorias: 1. Abordagem Temática e seus diferentes vieses e 2. Outros olhares para Abordagem Temática. Os resultados demonstram na categoria 1, um número mais expressivo de práticas classificadas somente como AT e também como Abordagem Temática Freireana (ATF) em relação às práticas voltadas à Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) e articulação ATF/CTS. Também apontam para outras perspectivas que têm surgido, na categoria 2, como Projetos Temáticos (PT), Situação de Estudo (SE), Módulos Didáticos (MD) e Sequência Didática (SD).
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES EM DIÁLOGO COM PESQUISAS E PRÁTICAS DOCENTES
Authors: Ayres Ana Cléa Moreira 
Published: August 2020

Os processos de formação de professores se instalam no Brasil nos meados do século XIX, exclusivamente voltados para o chamado ensino primário. Somente na década de 1930 o país passou, ainda que de forma tímida, a formar professores em nível superior para o ensino secundário, que corresponde, atualmente, ao segundo segmento do ensino fundamental e ao ensino médio. Esta formação para o magistério em nível superior, em cursos de licenciatura, avançou lentamente, sem dar conta de formar professores em número suficiente para atender a expansão da escolarização em um país que se urbanizava e modernizada. A expansão dos cursos de licenciatura só ganha maior impulso após a Lei No 5.692/1971, que reestrutura a educação básica, tornando obrigatória a escolarização de 8 anos, naquilo que passou a ser denominado ensino de 1º grau (atual ensino fundamental, excluindo-se o 1º ano destinado à alfabetização). Esta ampliação da escolarização obrigatória se dá articulada à expansão da formação de professores, embora aligeirada, na forma de licenciaturas curtas, que se somaram de forma bastante expressiva, aos cursos plenos pré-existentes. Com a redemocratização do país, após os 20 anos de regime militar, e posteriormente, com a promulgação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN), Lei No 9.394/1996, as licenciaturas curtas deixam de existir e a discussão sobre formação de professores se intensifica, passando a ser incluída no debate sobre a ampliação do acesso e da permanência na escola de parcelas cada vez maiores da população brasileira, antes excluídas do sistema educacional e que passam a desafiar toda a estrutura escolar e, principalmente, seus professores. Se o mundo globalizado exige um novo trabalhador, a formação deste requer um novo professor.
Virtual Noon Conferences: Providing Resident Education and Wellness During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hahn Thomas W. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically impacted graduate medical education. Family medicine residents are now doing substantial clinical work and learning from home. We continued to offer academic half-day didactics virtually, but sensed a need for daily resident education and social support, so we implemented a virtual daily noon conference to address these needs.
Methods: The virtual noon conferences used web-based technology and had weekly organ system themes with consistent daily learning activities like cases and review questions. Four key components made the conferences collaborative and inclusive; they were led by residents, required minimal preparation by using available materials, were interactive, and promoted social connection with wellness activities. We evaluated the impact on resident-perceived knowledge and wellness over 6 weeks with weekly surveys for residents attending at least one conference that week and a postintervention survey.
Results: Of 66 responses to the weekly surveys, 98% agreed that noon conferences helped to increase knowledge and social connection. Of 46 total residents, 35 (76%) answered the postintervention survey, and all agreed that noon conferences helped to increase knowledge, were interactive, and increased social connection. Ninety-one percent favored continuing the noon conferences. More than three-quarters of postintervention survey respondents agreed that virtual noon conferences were equally or more beneficial compared to academic half days for both their education and well-being during the pandemic.
Conclusions: Virtual noon conferences have provided regular interactive learning and fostered resident well-being during the pandemic. They can supplement resident curriculum and wellness and can be easily adopted by other programs.