bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Damage analysis of RC tall building structures under earthquake loading
Authors: Li Zheng , Ren Qingying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A Practical 1D cyclic model for concrete is established. The model is a combination between the skeleton curves in Chinese Concrete Code (GB50010-2010) and the modified hysteretic rule in Yassin model. The cyclic model has the tensile and compress damage variables which are able to depict the damage of concrete. The present model is developed as a user material subroutine VUMAT in ABAQUS. Then, the damage evolution analysis of a RC tall building structure was performed by the proposed damage model and the built-in damage model for concrete in ABAQUS. The results show that the cyclic model is suitable for the damage evolution and pattern analysis of RC tall building structures under earthquake loading.
Evaluation and analysis of wastewater treatment technology applied in highway service area
Authors: Li Jian , Yao Jialin , Liu Xuexin , Yang Yangang , Chen Xueping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The selection of wastewater treatment technology in service area should be adapted to the features of the wastewater quality and quantity. Also, the construction investment, the operating energy consumption, and the system simplicity should be considered as the demands of highway service area construction and maintenance. Based on investigations, this article analyzed the limitations of conventional treatment processes currently represented by contact oxidation. Evaluation and discussion for typical applicable processes were conducted from aspects of low energy consumption, treatment and discharge in cold regions, and reclaim water reuse.
The Optimal Utilization of Flood in Small and Medium magnitude for Cascade Reservoirs in Jinsha River
Authors: Fang Chen , Xuemin Wang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The large reservoirs generally undertake flood control, power generation, navigation and many other scheduling tasks. In flood season, flood control is the primary task for reservoirs. Then, how to realize effective utilization of the flood control capacity for flood interception and take into account other comprehensive benefits simultaneously, has become an urgent problem to be solved. In order to solve the problem, a multi-objective optimization model which can give full play to the comprehensive benefits under the premise of guaranteeing the safety of flood control is proposed. With the case study of Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba cascade reservoirs (XXCR), a practical scheme of small and medium-sized floods’ utilization (SMFU) is presented. Finally, the SMFU scheme is applied to the operation in comparison with the original design scheme to verify its effectiveness. The results indicate that the SMFU scheme can improve power generation and navigation guaranteed rate while ensuring flood control safety, which adequately indicates that SMFU is an effective approach to make full use the flood resources in flood season.
Hazard evaluation of mountain flood disaster based on multi-source remote sensing information—a case study in city of rain, Ya’an
Authors: Gong Juan , Liu Xing , Liu Jie , Li Yuanlin , Zhao Shaoxing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Because the hazard of flood disaster is mainly related to the natural attribute of flood disaster, this paper makes full use of multi-source remote sensing information to reflect the meteorological and underlying surface conditions in Ya’an City, constitutes an evaluation index system according to selecting the rainfall, runoff depth, the basin storage capacity, elevation, slope and water system, from the two aspects of disaster-inducing factors and disaster-pregnant environment; trains historical flood occurrence sites by using BP neural network, obtains the weights of each research index; overlays analysis each index according to the index model, based on the GIS technology; and obtains the torrential flood hazard distribution map of Ya’an City as well as comparing it with the occurrence sites of historical flood disasters. The results show that the flood hazard level is the highest in the eastern part of Ya’an, the lowest level area of the flood hazard is the southern part. The evaluation results well reflect the actual situation of regional flood spatial distribution, which can provide a scientific basis for the development of reasonable flood control and disaster mitigation planning in Ya’an City.
Study on pore fabric, dilatancy, dissipation function and yield function for sand
Authors: Weihua Zhang , Chenggang Zhao , Yinping Zhang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The mechanical behavior of sand is affected by the anisotropic fabric. Integated with the micromechanics theory, and linked with void fabric tensor, the relations among macroscopic volumetric strain, shear strain and void fabric are established, and it is further shown that dilatancy and anisotropy under applied shear force of sand are necessarily induced. By means of thermomechanics theory, the inclined elliptical yield function in dissipation space is built, and considering the effects of anisotropic fabric, there exists three important lines, just as the normal consolidation line, phase transformation line and peak value line, and corresponding with three characteristic lines passing through the origin in true stress space which relatively truly reflect the mechanical characteristics for sand, especially dense sand.
The Influence of Knickpoints on the Erosion in Songlin River Basin
Authors: Long Tan , Di Tang , Xuefeng Wu , Lijiang Qi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Based on fieldwork and the longitudinal section obtained by ArcGIS, seven major knickpoints in Songlin River Basin are located. It is found that the regions with a great average elevation difference between ridge and valley suffer more from disasters such as collapse, landslides, and debris flows. Dimensionless number Vindex is used to quantitatively describe the cross-section of the Songlin River Valley. The Vindex coefficient is below 0 outside the upstream influence of knickpoint and in downstream of knickpoint and it is over 0 in the upstream of knickpoint and at the knickpoint. The overall change trend is “super V shape-U shape-super V shape”. The formation and development of knickpoints strongly influence the geomorphological characteristics of the Songlin River Basin. Due to the rising erosion base level of the upstream of knickpoint, sediment is deposited and the incision rate of riverbed decreases or it even stops down cutting. In this way, the average elevation difference between ridge and valley is tend to reduce, which lowers the energy that causes geological hazards and improves the stability of the upstream. The gradient of both riverbanks decreases, forming a flat and wide U-shaped river valley. Although the elevation difference between the river and the downstream watershed of the knickpoint remains constant, the current energy increases and the erosion is still severe, keeping the valley in a V shape.
Manufacturing and Hoisting Technical Measures of A Kind of Glass Fiber Reinforcing Bar
Authors: Liu Mingqi , Dai Bihui , Liu Dewen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the key technologies of manufacturing and hoisting of glass fiber reinforcing bar (GFRB) in a certain project are described. When lowering the reinforcement cage, the two ends are docked to increase its rigidity; in the process of making GFRB cages, it is necessary to take measures to increase the stiffness of the fiberglass cages; the hoisting points need to be placed on the reinforcing bar. And pictures and texts are used to assist in the explanation. This paper has certain reference value for the construction process and related technical engineers.
Analysis on cooperative working performance of curtain wall glass and steel hanging columns
Authors: Gong Ke , Luan Wei , Yang Xiwen , Zhou Yuyang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The curtain wall of Xi’an Silk Road International Conference Center is a large-span combined steel column supported glass curtain wall system. The curtain wall glass is directly installed on the steel hanging columns of the external suspension structure, and there are no curtain wall hanging columns that are independent of the main structure. The vertical, tangential and radial deformation of the steel hanging columns under service load may lead to vertical shear, in-plane extrusion, in-plane sliding and out of plane bending of the curtain glass. Therefore, finite element model of curtain wall glass was established using the finite element program ABAQUS. Considering the four possible failure modes of the curtain glass, the collaborative working performance of the curtain wall glass under the most unfavourable deformation conditions of steel hanging columns was analyzed.
Experimental study on energy dissipation of annular overflow shaft
Authors: Jinde GU , Yuan Li , Jianjun Zhao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The annular shaft, which is widely used in tailings and some large and medium water conservancy project, has the characteristics of simple structure and strong discharge capacity. With the increase of working head, the energy dissipation problem of shaft is becoming much important. Model test results shows that the peak of the hydrodynamic pressure at the bottom of the shaft happens when the water jet merge together, for the water depth H in the shaft is low then, the pre-excavated hydrostatic depth is the main factor of energy dissipation. The fitting formula of the maximum impact pressure is obtained and it is suggested that the energy dissipation depth h should be 0.8D.
Research on key technologies for construction of super-deep railways stations near existing lines in the flood land area of the Yangtze River
Authors: Qiongpeng Yang , Bin Ma , Wei Li , Bin Sun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, taking Nanjing Mochou Lake Metro Station as an example, the key technologies for the construction of super-deep stations near existing lines in the flood land area of the Yangtze River are studied. Mochou Lake Station is located in Mochou Lake Park on the Qinhuai River. It is a four-level underground island-type platform station, which is interchanged with the existing Line 2 Mochou Lake Station. The station used the “two-light and two-dark” construction method. The first and the second underground floor of the station used an open excavation order method, and the third and the fourth underground floor used to cover and cut-bottom up method. According to the monitoring results and settlement analysis results of the main structure, the construction method of “two-, light and two-dark, ” can help control the deformation of the construction area and ensure the safety of the surrounding structures and existing stations.
Study on the Chemical Characteristics of the Water Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Tao River
Authors: Zhu Zhaoxia , Liu Jinqi , Jing Chungang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the water in the middle and lower reaches of the Tao River was selected as the research object, the chemical characteristics of water environment in the middle and lower reaches of Tao River were studied and the water quality was evaluated based on the comparative analysis of the data of three monitoring stations for one year. The results show that the contents of HCO3−, SO42− and Ca2+are high in the middle and lower reaches of Tao River, and the water quality belongs to alkaline medium salinity water, and the salinity increases with the increase of HCO3−. The pH value, total hardness, salinity and main ion content in the middle and lower reaches of the river reach the requirements of the GB5749-2006 Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water or the Class III water quality standard of the surface water environment of GB3838-2002, and which proves the water quality is good.
Research progress and development direction of drability assessment methods for CFRP reinforced concrete structural members
Authors: Nian Liu Yan , Lei Wang , XiaoYong Zhao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The construction industry is an important part of China’s national economic development, in recent years with the economic development is to increase the investment in infrastructure. As time goes on, there be the phenomenon of building use function degradation, in addition, in many reinforced concrete structure, and part of the building is in a bad environment conditions, caused by a lack of concrete durability, reduce safety performance and the structure performance degradation, causing a large number of buildings can not reach the expected service life or the desired function. With the rapid development of reinforcement technology, the theoretical basis and practical engineering experience of concrete reinforcement technology in China have been gradually accumulated and improved, and a lot of achievements have been made. Based on the theoretical research and engineering practice of concrete structure reinforcement, the state and local governments have promulgated a series of codes and standards for the reinforcement and renovation of existing buildings, which provide a good technical guarantee for the reinforcement and renovation of concrete structures. Concrete structural members reinforced by adhesive still need to be affected by external environment in the use process, such as chemical corrosion environment, chlorine corrosion environment, freeze-thaw environment damage and long-term load. Therefore, the test and evaluation of the durability of the members of the load-bearing structure reinforced by adhesive plays an important role in the reinforcement of concrete structure system and the service process after the reinforcement of members. How to evaluate the durability of reinforced concrete structures is of great significance to the durability monitoring of reinforced concrete structures.
Application of ABAQUS in Numerical Simulation of Plant Roots Protective Effects on Slopes
Authors: Ji Xiao-Lei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In order to study the slope protection effect of plant roots, the parameters of soil samples collected in the field and oleander roots drawn from laboratory tests were put in the numerical simulation of rooted soil with a 3D finite element software ABAQUS to identify the effects of root morphology and distribution density on the slope soil displacement. The results showed that planting oleander can effectively reduce the displacement of the topsoil and protect the slope. The more the number of fibrous roots and the greater the distribution density, the less the displacement of the slope soil. With the growing plant density, the displacement decreased significantly as well. The results of numerical simulation provided a theoretical basis for the application of plant roots in slope protection engineering.
Analysis of Characteristics of Temperature Changes in Heilongjiang River Basin
Authors: Yan Bo , Yuan Zhe , Li Jiqiong , Yao Liqiang , Song Li , Liu Yanyi , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Ligang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
As an international river, the climate change research in Heilongjiang River Basin can provide references for sino-Russia cooperation in tackling climate change. Using the long-term daily measured data from 44 meteorological stations in the Heilongjiang River Basin, the spatial-temporal characteristics of the temperature in the past 59 years were analyzed. The results show that the temperature in the Heilongjiang River Basin has increased significantly and passed the significance test of 0.99. The abrupt change occurred in 1986. The climate change also showed multiple cyclical changes of 16-years, 8-years, and 4-years. The spatial distribution of the annual average temperature of the river basin is generally gradually decreasing from the south to the north as the latitude rises. There is also a spatial difference in the annual temperature increase, but all of the basin have passed the significance test of 99%.
Teichmüller spaces of generalized symmetric homeomorphisms
Authors: Wei Huaying , Matsuzaki Katsuhiko 
Published: May 2020

We introduce the concept of a new kind of symmetric homeomorphism on the unit circle, which is derived from the generalization of symmetric homeomorphisms on the real line. By the investigation of the barycentric extension for this class of circle homeomorphisms and the biholomorphic automorphisms induced by trivial Beltrami coefficients, we show that the Bers Schwarzian derivative map is a holomorphic split submersion and endow a complex Banach manifold structure on the Teichmüller space of those generalized symmetric homeomorphisms.
Effects of intrinsic environmental predictability on intra-individual and intra-population variability of plant reproductive traits and eco-evolutionary consequences
Authors: March-Salas Martí , Fandos Guillermo , Fitze Patrick S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
It is widely accepted that changes in the environment affect mean trait expression, but little is known about how the environment shapes intra-individual and intra-population variance. Theory suggests that intra-individual variance might be plastic and under natural selection, rather than reflecting developmental noise, but evidence for this hypothesis is scarce. Here, we experimentally tested whether differences in intrinsic environmental predictability affect intra-individual and intra-population variability of different reproductive traits, and whether intra-individual variability is under selection.

Methods
Under field conditions, we subjected Onobrychis viciifolia to more and less predictable precipitation over 4 generations and 4 years. We analysed effects on the coefficient of intra-individual variation (CVi-i) and the coefficient of intra-population variation (CVi-p), assessed whether the coefficients of intra-individual variation (CsVi-i) are under natural selection and tested for transgenerational responses (ancestor environmental effects on offspring).

Key Results
Less predictable precipitation led to higher CsVi-i and CsVi-p, consistent with plastic responses. The CsVi-i of all studied traits were under consistent stabilizing selection, and precipitation predictability affected the strength of selection and the location of the optimal CVi-i of a single trait. All CsVi-i differed from the optimal CVi-i and the maternal and offspring CsVi-i were positively correlated, showing that there was scope for change. Nevertheless, no consistent transgenerational effects were found in any of the three descendant generations, which contrasts with recent studies that detected rapid transgenerational responses in the trait means of different plant species. This suggests that changes in intra-individual variability take longer to evolve than changes in trait means, which may explain why high intra-individual variability is maintained, despite the stabilizing selection.

Conclusions
The results indicate that plastic changes of intra-individual variability are an important determinant of whether plants will be able to cope with changes in environmental predictability induced by the currently observed climatic change.
State-Owned Enterprises and Threats to National Security Under Investment Treaties
Authors: McLaughlin Mark 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The internationalization of investment by State-owned enterprises is driving the evolution of foreign investment regulation throughout the Western world. National security lies at the heart of host State concerns, yet the contours of the concept remain indistinct. Consequently, State-owned enterprises are subject to differential legal standards that can be vague and ambiguous. This article considers whether, and under what circumstances, host State security measures targeting State-owned enterprises comply with obligations under investment treaties. Provision for pre-establishment national treatment and security exceptions will be crucial in balancing the autonomy afforded to host States to protect their national security, and guarding State-owned enterprises against protectionist or discriminatory measures.
Early Short-Course Corticosteroids in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Fadel Raef , Morrison Austin R , Vahia Amit , Smith Zachary R , Chaudhry Zohra , Bhargava Pallavi , Miller Joseph , Kenney Rachel M , Alangaden George , Ramesh Mayur S ,   Henry Ford COVID-19 Management Task Force, Nauriyal Varidhi , Lakshmikanth Jayanth , Abdul Hamed Asif , Nadeem Owais , Griebe Kristin , Johnson Joseph M , Bradley Patrick , Uduman Junior , Hegab Sara , Swiderek Jennifer , Godfrey Amanda , Jennings Jeffrey , Gardner-Gray Jayna , Ackerman Adam , Lezotte Jonathan , Ruhala Joseph , Samuel Linoj , Tibbetts Robert J , Brar Indira , McKinnon John , Suleyman Geehan , Yared Nicholas , Herc Erica , Williams Jonathan , Lanfranco Odaliz Abreu , Chen Anne , Zervos Marcus , Scher Eric 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is no proven antiviral or immunomodulatory therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The disease progression associated with the proinflammatory host response prompted us to examine the role of early corticosteroid therapy in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.MethodsWe conducted a single pretest, single posttest quasi-experiment in a multicenter health system in Michigan from 12 March to 27 March 2020. Adult patients with confirmed moderate to severe COVID were included. A protocol was implemented on 20 March 2020 using early, short-course, methylprednisolone 0.5 to 1 mg/kg/day divided in 2 intravenous doses for 3 days. Outcomes of standard of care (SOC) and early corticosteroid groups were evaluated, with a primary composite endpoint of escalation of care from ward to intensive care unit (ICU), new requirement for mechanical ventilation, and mortality. All patients had at least 14 days of follow-up.ResultsWe analyzed 213 eligible subjects, 81 (38%) and 132 (62%) in SOC and early corticosteroid groups, respectively. The composite endpoint occurred at a significantly lower rate in the early corticosteroid group (34.9% vs 54.3%, P = .005). This treatment effect was observed within each individual component of the composite endpoint. Significant reduction in median hospital length of stay was also observed in the early corticosteroid group (5 vs 8 days, P &lt; .001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated an independent reduction in the composite endpoint at 14-days controlling for other factors (adjusted odds ratio: 0.41; 95% confidence interval, .22 – .77).ConclusionsAn early short course of methylprednisolone in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 reduced escalation of care and improved clinical outcomes.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT04374071.