bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Business Continuity in the Telecom Sector During Turbulence Time in the Republic of Yemen (Case Study: TeleYemen Corporation)
Authors: Alsohybe Nabeel Taher , Al-Shami Kamal Hamood 
Published: November 2020

Business continuity at any circumstances is the most important practice to be done by companies and organizations in order to survive, especially when a disaster event suddenly occurs. Today, almost every sector uses information technology and telecom services to run and advance their business and compete in the 21st century’s environment. The dependency of the telecom sector makes it very important sector since all sectors run their business based on the telecom sector during this interconnected and global business world. Although turbulence times and wars affect all sectors, its effects on the telecom sector is more severe. Since 2014, the Republic of Yemen is going through a civil and regional war which it consequently effects all companies in the country. The war effects were more sever on TeleYemen, the company chosen for this case study. The company needed to overcome these effects challenges by adopting business continuity management best practices and standards. TeleYemen is the most critical telecom service provider in Yemen as it is the main international gateway for telecom and Internet services in Yemen. Therefore, any disruption in TeleYemen will affect not just any company but the whole country, including all governmental and non-governmental sectors since they use TeleYemen services locally and globally. To evaluate the current business continuity situation in TeleYemen during turbulence times, this study evaluates the readiness of business continuity in IT departments. The main objective of the study is to find to what extent BC implementation meets the international standard’s requirements and offers appropriate recommendations to management. A single embedded case study used, with a combination of descriptive quantitative and descriptive qualitative approaches.
Stunting, Underweight and Wasting Among Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme Children Aged 6 Months – 5 Years of Urban Surat, Western Gujarat, India
Authors: Vakilna Roshni Sharad , Nambiar Vanisha 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Nearly half of all deaths in children under 5 are attributable to under nutrition; under nutrition increases morbidity and delays recovery.
Objective: To investigate age and gender variations in height and weight, levels of stunting, underweight and wasting among children under 5 years in Surat city.
Methodology: Levels of stunting, underweight and wasting among 970 children of urban Surat from 20 Anganwadi centers were assessed. Z-scores were used to assess the prevalence of malnutrition following the WHO Guidelines.
Results: Results revealed that as age increased, the mean weight and height also increased. However, even the prevalence of malnutrition increased. Older children met lower percentages of the standards than younger children. The overall (age and sex combined) rates of stunting, underweight and wasting were 39.27%, 38.14% and 20.41%, respectively. The rates of underweight and wasting were significantly higher among boys (underweight = 38.73 %, wasting = 22.31 %) compared with girls (underweight = 37.57%, wasting = 18.78 %).
Conclusion: The nutritional status of the subjects of the present study is not satisfactory, there is a scope for improvement in the form of enhanced supplementary nutrition. Therefore, it is imperative that the ICDS authorities consider its enhancement.
Prevalence of eimeriosis in the one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Riyadh and Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Metwally Dina M. , Al-Otaibi Tahani T. , Albasyouni Shurug A. , El-Khadragy Manal F. , Alajmi Reem A. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe one-humped camels are economically important for several countries in Africa, Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula. Coccidiosis causes significant economic impact. Studies on coccidian parasite species causing such infections are limited. The present study aimed to carry out a survey ofEimeriaspp. in camels from Riyadh and Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA total of 209 fecal samples fromCamelus(C.)dromedariusslaughtered in West Abattoir in Riyadh and Onaizah Modern abattoir in Al-Qassim were collected. Samples were examined by flotation methods and oocyst sporulation.ResultsOf the 209 examined fecal samples, 75 were positive forEimeriaspp..The prevalence of oocysts in Riyadh and Al-Qassim were 33.89% (40/118) and 38.46% (35/92), respectively. The prevalence in young male camels was 41.02% (32/78) and 39.62% (21/53), respectively and in adult males was 19.35% (6/31) and 36% (9/25), respectively. Adult females displayed a prevalence of 22.22% (2/9) and 38.46% (5/13) in Riyadh and Al-Qassim, respectively. ThreeEimeriaspp. were identified;E. cameli,E. rajasthani, andE. pellerdyi. The presence ofE. pellerdyiis considered the first record in Saudi Arabia.
Application of Gamma Induced Mutation in Breeding Potato for Bacterial Wilt Disease Resistance
Authors: Chepkoech Emmy , Kinyua Miriam , Ochuodho Julius , Kiplagat Oliver , Bado Souleymane , Kinyua Zachary 
Published: November 2020

Aims: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in Kenya has not been achieved in its full potential due to susceptibility of potato varieties to pest and diseases among others. Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in potato is regarded as an important disease contributing to significant yield reduction. The disease is considered more difficult to control in field crop production using universal control measure due to pathogen’s properties as a soil-borne bacterium, broad host range and the genetic variation level within the strains. The objective was to screen potato mutants at M1V4 mutant populations for resistance against bacterial wilt using pathogenicity test.
Study Design: The experimental design used was an alpha lattice with twenty three blocks each having seven plots with three replications each. Data were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS statistical package, version 9.1 and mean separation done using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) whenever there were significant differences.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at Kenya Agricultural Livestock and Research Organization (KALRO), Kabete station for one season (December 2015 to April 2016).
Methodology: One hundred and sixty three mutants developed from three commercial varieties (Asante 72, Mpya 43 and Sherekea 47) were evaluated.
Results: The reactions of potato mutants to bacterial wilt varied from variety to variety and mutants to mutants. None of the Asante, Mpya and Sherekea mutants used was found to be resistant to bacterial wilt though Asante mutant populations showed better response. There was significant difference in some traits such as DTOW, AUDPC and PSTTN across the three potato mutant populations.
Conclusion: The variation within the potato mutants and response to bacterial wilt resistance levels could be attributed to different dose rates and the reaction of each variety to the mutagen used. Since mutation is random its effects are enormous.
p‐Curve analysis of the Taylor Aggression Paradigm: Estimating evidentiary value and statistical power across 50 years of research
Authors: West Samuel J. , Hyatt Courtland S. , Miller Joshua D. , Chester David S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe overall reliability or evidentiary value of any body of literature is established in part by ruling out publication bias for any observed effects. Questionable research practices have potentially undermined the evidentiary value of commonly used research paradigms in psychological science. Subsequently, the evidentiary value of these common methodologies remains uncertain. To quantify the severity of these issues in the literature, we selected the Taylor Aggression Paradigm (TAP) as a case study and submitted 170 hypothesis tests spanning over 50 years of research to a preregistered p‐curve analysis. The TAP literature (N = 24,685) demonstrated significant evidentiary value but yielded a small average effect size (d = 0.29) and inadequate power (38%). The main effects demonstrated greater evidentiary value, power, and effect sizes than interactions. Studies that tested the effects of measured traits did not differ in evidentiary value or power to those that tested the effects of experimentally manipulated states. Exploratory analyses revealed that evidentiary value, statistical power, and effect sizes have improved over time. We provide recommendations for researchers who seek to maximize the evidentiary value of their psychological measures.
A quality assurance tool for daily checks of the gamma knife high definition motion management system
Authors: Corns Robert , Mehta Dhara , Massock Whitney , Roberts Leah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeThis note describes the performance of a quality assurance (QA) tool built for daily checks of the Gamma Knife’s high definition motion management (HDMM) system.MethodsThe tool is a three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed platform with a raised corner in the center. A reflector post is placed at the corner and the HDMM tool is zeroed to this position. Gage blocks produce very accurate gaps between the post and corner and the HDMM system’s readout is compared to the gage block thickness. The HDMM system and tool were tested for noise, stability, reproducibility, linearity, accuracy and overall setup times plus ease of use.ResultsThe QA tool performed with accuracies better than 0.1 mm. The setup and use of this tool take less than two minutes making it a suitable tool for daily use.ConclusionThis QA tool is a cost‐effective solution that provides a fast and easy confirmation of the HDMM accuracy, making it suitable for daily QA checks of the HDMM system.
Stereotactic radiotherapy of appropriately selected meningiomas and metastatic brain tumor beds with gamma knife icon versus volumetric modulated arc therapy
Authors: Buatti Jacob S. , Buatti John M. , Yaddanapudi Sridhar , Pennington Edward C. , Wang Dongxu , Gross Brandie , St‐Aubin Joël J. , Hyer Daniel E. , Smith Mark C. , Flynn Ryan T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo determine if the gamma knife icon (GKI) can provide superior stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) dose distributions for appropriately selected meningioma and post‐resection brain tumor bed treatments to volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).Materials and MethodsAppropriately selected targets were not proximal to great vessels, did not have sensitive soft tissue including organs‐at‐risk (OARs) within the planning target volume (PTV), and did not have concave tumors containing excessive normal brain tissue. Four of fourteen candidate meningioma patients and six of six candidate patients with brain tumor cavities were considered for this treatment planning comparison study. PTVs were generated for GKI and VMAT by adding 1 mm and 3 mm margins, respectively, to the GTVs. Identical PTV V100%‐values were obtained for the GKI and VMAT plans for each patient. Meningioma and tumor bed prescription doses were 52.7–54.0 in 1.7–1.8 Gy fractions and 25 Gy in 5 Gy fractions, respectively. GKI dose rate was 3.735 Gy/min for 16 mm collimators.ResultsPTV radical dose homogeneity index was 3.03 ± 0.35 for GKI and 1.27 ± 0.19 for VMAT. Normal brain D1%, D5%, and D10% were lower for GKI than VMAT by 45.8 ± 10.9%, 38.9 ± 11.5%, and 35.4 ± 16.5% respectively. All OARs considered received lower maximum doses for GKI than VMAT. GKI and VMAT treatment times for meningioma plans were 12.1 ± 4.13 min and 6.2 ± 0.32 min, respectively, and, for tumor cavities, were 18.1 ± 5.1 min and 11.0 ± 0.56 min, respectively.ConclusionsAppropriately selected meningioma and brain tumor bed patients may benefit from GKI‐based SRT due to the decreased normal brain and OAR doses relative to VMAT enabled by smaller margins. Care must be taken in meningioma patient selection for SRT with the GKI, even if they are clinically appropriate for VMAT.
Long‐Term Association Between Disease Activity and Disability in Early Axial Spondyloarthritis: Results From a Prospective Observational Study of Inflammatory Back Pain
Authors: Carvalho Pedro D. , Ruyssen‐Witrand Adeline , Marreiros Ana , Machado Pedro M. 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveOur primary objective was to study the long‐term association between disease activity and disability in axial spondyloarthritis (SpA). Our secondary objective was to define patient profiles according to their level of disability.MethodsWe analyzed data collected during the first 5 years of follow‐up of a large early axial SpA cohort, the Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifferénciées Récentes (DESIR) cohort. Multivariable models were built to study the association between the Health Assessment Questionnaire for Ankylosing Spondylitis (HAQ‐AS) and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with C‐reactive protein (ASDAS‐CRP), adjusting for potential confounders. Hierarchical multivariable analysis was conducted using the chi‐square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) method, to help determine how variables best cluster to explain HAQ‐AS.ResultsData from 644 patients and 5,152 visits were analyzed. HAQ‐AS was longitudinally, independently, and positively associated with ASDAS‐CRP (adjusted B [adjB] 0.205 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.187, 0.222]), the enthesitis score (adjB 0.011 [95% CI 0.008, 0.015]), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (adjB 0.087 [95% CI 0.069, 0.105]), and female sex (adjB 0.172 [95% CI 0.120, 0.225]). The CHAID decision tree revealed ASDAS‐CRP as the first variable with discriminative power on HAQ‐AS. The cutoffs that separated different patient disability profiles were obtained.ConclusionDisease activity contributes longitudinally to disability and is hierarchically superior to any other variable in explaining this health domain. Enthesitis and spinal mobility are also key drivers of disability in early axial SpA. ASDAS‐CRP cutoffs that separated different patient disability profiles largely mimicked the cutoffs previously defined for ASDAS‐CRP disease activity states.
Polymer‐Based Solid Electrolytes: Material Selection, Design, and Application
Authors: Xi Guan , Xiao Min , Wang Shuanjin , Han Dongmei , Li Yuning , Meng Yuezhong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolymer‐based solid electrolytes (PSEs) have attracted tremendous interests for the next‐generation lithium batteries in terms of high safety and energy density along with good flexibility. Remarkable performances have been demonstrated in PSEs, which endowed PSEs with the potential to replace liquid electrolytes to meet the market demands. In this review, polymer matrices, different polymer architectures, and functional filler materials used in PSEs are discussed to explore the design concepts, methodologies, working mechanisms, and pros and cons of various PSEs. In addition, their recent notable applications in all‐solid‐state lithium ion batteries, lithium–sulfur batteries, suppression of lithium dendrites, and flexible lithium batteries are also introduced. Finally, the challenges and future prospects are sketched to provide strategies to explore novel PSEs for high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium batteries.
Palladium Catalyzed Ring Expansion Reaction of Isoxazolones with Isocyanides: Synthesis of 1,3‐Oxazin‐6‐One Derivatives
Authors: Zhu Yi‐Ming , Zhang Wan , Li Hongkun , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA palladium catalyzed ring expansion reaction of isoxazolones with isocyanides was disclosed. In the reaction, a cascade process involving ring‐opening/cyclization was suggested. The reaction features high atomic economy due to no elimination of CO2 occurred. Moreover, products obtained demonstrate aggregation‐induced emission properties with relatively high solid‐state emission efficiencies.magnified image
Sustainable Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Energy Storage Devices Based on Tannic Acid—Toward Ecofriendly Energy Storage
Authors: Ilic Ivan K. , Tsouka Alexandra , Perovic Milena , Hwang Jinyeon , Heil Tobias , Loeffler Felix F. , Oschatz Martin , Antonietti Markus , Liedel Clemens 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe use of organic materials with reversible redox activity holds enormous potential for next‐generation Li‐ion energy storage devices. Yet, most candidates are not truly sustainable, i.e., not derived from renewable feedstock or made in benign reactions. Here an attempt is reported to resolve this issue by synthesizing an organic cathode material from tannic acid and microporous carbon derived from biomass. All constituents, including the redox‐active material and conductive carbon additive, are made from renewable resources. Using a simple, sustainable fabrication method, a hybrid material is formed. The low cost and ecofriendly material shows outstanding performance with a capacity of 108 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and low capacity fading, retaining approximately 80% of the maximum capacity after 90 cycles. With approximately 3.4 V versus Li+/Li, the cells also feature one of the highest reversible redox potentials reported for biomolecular cathodes. Finally, the quinone‐catecholate redox mechanism responsible for the high capacity of tannic acid is confirmed by electrochemical characterization of a model compound similar to tannic acid but without catecholic groups.
Macrocyclic Peptide Inhibitor of PD‐1/PD‐L1 Immune Checkpoint
Authors: Magiera‐Mularz Katarzyna , Kuska Katarzyna , Skalniak Lukasz , Grudnik Przemyslaw , Musielak Bogdan , Plewka Jacek , Kocik Justyna , Stec Malgorzata , Weglarczyk Kazimierz , Sala Dominik , Wladyka Benedykt , Siedlar Maciej , Holak Tad A. , Dubin Grzegorz 
Published: November 2020

AbstractImmune checkpoint‐targeting antibodies brought a recent breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy, but the development of small molecule checkpoint inhibitors is lagging behind. Here, the characterization of a macrocyclic peptide (p101) capable of blocking the PD‐L1/PD‐1 immune checkpoint is reported at the interface of cancer and immune cells. NMR and other physicochemical data demonstrate that the macrocycle binds to PD‐L1 to sterically hinder its interaction with PD‐1. The crystal structure of the complex highlights the detailed features of the binding site and demonstrates that the interaction is primarily guided by hydrophobic forces. A reporter PD‐L1/PD‐1 blockade bioassay demonstrates that p101 is able to inhibit the interaction in the cellular environment. Finally, it is shown that p101 releases the immune response of primary human T‐cells from PD‐L1 mediated inhibition.
Impact of putting green management on visible wear damage caused by foot traffic
Authors: Nikolai Thomas A. , Karcher Douglas E. , Hathaway Aaron D. , O'Brien Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA 2‐yr study was conducted at Michigan State University (MSU) and the University of Arkansas (UARK) to identify creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) putting green management practices that minimize or exacerbate visible wear damage (VWD) caused by aggressive golf shoes or cleats. Management treatments included different levels of grooming (none vs. three times weekly at a depth of 0.5 mm), lightweight rolling (none vs. three times weekly), sand topdressing (none vs. every 14 d at the rate of 0.6 L m−2), and nitrogen fertility (low N vs. high N every 14 d) applied as urea at the rates of 0.6 or 1.2 g m−2. Rolling significantly increased VWD at UARK in both years and at MSU in 2017. When increases in VWD occurred on rolled plots, there were also significant increases in moisture in the top 3.8 cm of the root zone. Higher fertility consistently increased VWD at UARK throughout the study and after a single traffic event at MSU. Throughout the trial, grooming and sand topdressing occasionally reduced VWD at both locations. These results will help agronomists and golf course superintendents fine‐tune cultural practices to mitigate VWD on intensively managed creeping bentgrass putting greens.
Population structure, diversifying selection, and local adaptation in Pinus patula
Authors: Peláez Pablo , Ortiz‐Martínez Alfredo , Figueroa‐Corona Laura , Montes José Rubén , Gernandt David S. 
Published: November 2020

PremiseClimate change is predicted to affect natural and plantation forests. The responses of conifers to overcome changing environments will depend on their adaptation to local conditions; however, intraspecific adaptive genetic variation is unknown for most gymnosperms. Studying genetic diversity associated with phenotypic variability along environmental gradients will enhance our understanding of adaptation and may reveal genetic pools important for conservation and management.MethodsWe used target enrichment and genome skimming to obtain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 61 individuals of Pinus patula, a pine tree native to Mexico widely used in plantation forestry. We investigated the adaptive genetic variation of two varieties with morphological and distributional differences potentially related to genetic and adaptive divergence.ResultsPopulation structure and haplotype network analyses revealed that genetic diversity between P. patula var. patula and P. patula var. longipedunculata was structured, even within populations of P. patula var. longipedunculata. We observed high genetic diversity, low inbreeding rate, and rapid linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay in the varieties. Based on outlier tests, loci showing signatures of natural selection were detected in geographically distant P. patula var. longipedunculata populations. For both varieties, we found significant correlations between climate‐related environmental variation and SNP diversity at loci involved in abiotic stress, cell transport, defense, and cell wall biogenesis, pointing to local adaptation.ConclusionsOverall, significant intraspecific adaptive genetic variation in P. patula was detected, highlighting the presence of different genetic pools and signs of local adaptation that should be considered in forestry and conservation.
Association of HECW2 variants with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy and knockdown of zebrafish hecw2a
Authors: Lu Qian , Zhang Meng‐Na , Shi Xiu‐Yu , Zhang Ling‐Qiang , Wang Yang‐Yang , Liu Li‐Ying , He Wen , Chen Hui‐Min , He Bing , Zou Li‐Ping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) is a severe encephalopathy in infants and early childhood. In this study we reported a recurrent de novo variant (c.3985C>T, p.R1330W) in HECW2 (HECT, C2 and WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2) (MIM# 617245) identified by screening 240 patients with DEE and summarized clinical features of published DEE patients with HECW2 variants. Functionally, transcriptional knockdown of zebrafish hecw2a led to early morphological abnormalities in the brain tissues. These results suggest a potential functional link between HECW2 dysfunction and brain development.
Direct C(sp3)−H Trifluoromethylation of Unactivated Alkanes Enabled by Multifunctional Trifluoromethyl Copper Complexes
Authors: Choi Geunho , Lee Geun Seok , Park Beomsoon , Kim Dongwook , Hong Soon Hyeok 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA mild and operationally simple C(sp3)−H trifluoromethylation method was developed for unactivated alkanes by utilizing a bench‐stable CuIII complex, bpyCu(CF3)3, as the initiator of the visible‐light photoinduced reaction, the source of a trifluoromethyl radical as a hydrogen atom transfer reagent, and the source of a trifluoromethyl anion for functionalization. The reaction was initiated by the generation of reactive electrophilic carbon‐centered CF3 radical through photoinduced homolytic cleavage of bpyCu(CF3)3, followed by hydrogen abstraction from an unactivated C(sp3)−H bond. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations based on a combination of experimental and computational methods suggested that C−CF3 bond formation was enabled by radical–polar crossover and ionic coupling between the resulting carbocation intermediate and the anionic CF3 source. The methylene‐selective reaction can be applied to the direct, late‐stage trifluoromethylation of natural products and bioactive molecules.