bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut priming with oral Bovine Colostrum for preterm neonates: A randomized control trial
Authors: Awad H A , Imam S S , Aboushady N M , Ismail R I H , Abdou R M , Azzam N T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective
to determine whether gut priming with bovine colostrum reduces nosocomial sepsis episodes, feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants and to evaluate the possible effects of bovine colostrum on T regulatory cells (Treg) levels.

Study Design
a prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, infants born before 34 weeks were assigned to receive either placebo (n 48), or bovine colostrum (n 32) as gut priming. Episodes of nosocomial sepsis by using Rodwell and Töllner sepsis score, feeding intolerance and NEC according to Bell’s criteria were recorded. The level of FOXP3 + CD4 + CD25hi lymphocytes was studied by flow cytometry at birth and after 10 days.

Results
Fewer sepsis episodes were observed in bovine colostrum-treated infants (3 vs. 10, p-value 0.174) with none developing NEC (0 vs. 5, p-value 0.059). Also bovine colostrum gut priming significantly reduced feeding intolerance (1 vs. 9, p-value 0.038) and mortality (0 vs. 8, p-value 0.015). Treg levels initially and follow up were similar, However, Treg levels change difference were higher in the bovine colostrum group (p-value 0.8) with statistically significant difference in FOXP3 expression (p-value 0.018).

Conclusion
Gut priming with oral Bovine Colostrum decreases feeding intolerance, NEC, late onset sepsis and mortality in preterm neonates. We recommend bovine colostrum usage as gut priming.
The psycho phenotypic profile of an Egyptian sample of patients with ADHD
Authors: Zaky E A , Zahra S S , Abdelaziz A W , Abdelhakim R , Abdelmageed R I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The current study aimed to investigate the psycho-phenotypic profile of an Egyptian sample with ADHD cases.

Subjects & Methods
Eighty cases diagnosed as ADHD (according to the DSMV) were enrolled in the current study. They were selected sequentially from those following up in the child and adolescent clinic, children hospital, Ain shams University.

Results
The ages of the enrolled sample ranged between 4&12 years. Males were (86%) and Female (14%) with ratio 7:1. Consanguinity rate was (25%) while positive family history was (12%). Perinatal insult was detected in (22%). Inattentive ADHD was seen in 90% of cases while combined type in 10%. According to Conner’s parents’ scale (5%) had mild, (25%) moderate and (70%) severe ADHD symptoms. Comorbid conditions were seen as follows; Delayed language development (30%), stuttering (9%), delayed bladder control (15%), pica (2%), polyphagia (2%), sleep disorders [nightmares (4%), insomnia (9%), somnambulism (3%)], poor academic performance (95%), dyslexia (15%), dysgraphia (18%), conduct disorder (5%) and aggression (12%).

Conclusion
The current study delineated that there are so many phenotypic variation in Egyptian ADHD cases. This high-lightened the importance of individual assessment of such cases in order to configure the subtype, severity and identification of possible comorbidity. This enable the clinicians to individualize a treatment plan for each patient aiming at better outcome.
Comparison between the effect of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid local injection in treatment of thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Abdelfattah R , Abdelsabour H , Alzifzaf D , Saad H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Base of the thumb OA represents one of challenges to clinicians due to limited efficacy of treatment options. Resulting in OA pain, in addition it can cause deformity, stiffness with decreased range of motion and strength. The conservative therapeutic approach is the main line in management. Local injection treatment could be a good choice because of low systemic side effects and rapid improvement.

Objectives
to compare the effectiveness of PRP versus hyaluronic acid injection in osteoarthritis of thumb carpometacarpal joint based on clinical and functional outcome measures.

Patients and Methods
Prospective interventional study conducted on thirty patients with thumb CMC OA. Patient was assessed by joint Palpation for tenderness with grading from I-IV, Provocative tests (Grind test and Lever test), VAS for pain, AUSCAN score, grip and pinch strength. The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups, Group 1: received single Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) intra-articular injection. Group 2 received single hyaluronic acid injection. Re-evaluation at 4 and 12 weeks was done for tenderness, VAS, AUSCAN index, Grip and pinch strength.

Results
This study was conducted on thirty patients with ages ranged from 40 to 70 years (mean: 52.77 ± 8.59). Our results revealed that both groups showed a highly significant improvement after 4 weeks regarding pain relief assessed by VAS, tenderness grading, AUSCAN hand function score, grip and pinch strength after injection in comparison to before injection (P = 0.000). However, these improvement couldn’t be sustained for the PRP group after 12 weeks, there was a highly statistically significant increase (deterioration) in hand functional score from 4 to 12 weeks follow up (P = 0.000) and total score (P = 0.004) , highly statistically increase in VAS(P = 0.000) and decrease in grip & pinch strength (P = 0.000) , while HA group showed a highly statistically significant improvement regarding pain, hand function score , grip and pinch strength after 12 weeks of injection.

Conclusion
We observed clinical improvement in both groups of CMC OA treated either with single dose of HA or PRP at 4 and 12 weeks follow up. However, HA provide a superior improvement with respect to PRP at 12 weeks follow up regarding VAS for pain, joint tenderness, AUSCAN hand function score, grip and pinch strength. So we support the use of a single hyaluronic acid injection as therapy for thumb CMC OA in preference to PRP injection.
The relation between cardiovascular affection and erosive articular changes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hassabelnabi M M H , Assaf N Y , Zidan H F , Abushanab G M M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
rheumatoid arthritis is currently regarded as independent cardiovascular risk factor. Accelerated atherosclerosis considered as an extra-articular manifestation of RA that occurs as a result of interaction between traditional CV risk factors and inflammatory activity of joint disease. Both atherosclerosis and RA have in common inflammatory mediators.

Objectives
the presented study aimed to find the relation between cardiovascular affection and erosive articular changes in RA.

Subjects and Methods
The presented study included 40 patients’ men and premenopausal women that were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis fulfilling the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis recruited from the physical Medicine, Rheumatology, and Rehabilitation outpatient clinics of Ain Shams University, patients underwent laboratory investigation, carotid duplex, musculoskeletal ultrasound and echocardiography.

Results
Among 40 RA patients, 16 (40%) had erosions in both hands and 24 (60%) without erosion with no statistically significance difference between both sides of hand and feet, only 3 patients (7.5%) had active erosion exhibited by power Doppler.
The presence of erosion positively correlated with the mean CIMT (p-value &lt; 0.001) with mean 0.827±0.149, The presence of carotid plaques as a marker of advanced atherosclerosis showed statistically significant value with erosions (p = 0.001). There was positive relation between erosions with disease duration (p-value &lt; 0.001), and negatively with DAS-28 (p = 0.083). Out of 33 patients with positive RF, 16 patients had erosions with statistically significant value (p = 0.017).

Conclusion
Since the presence of bone erosions was highly associated with higher mean CIMT, consequently, we recommend that when finding bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis patient, good monitoring should be given to cardiovascular risk factors with early and proper treatment to limit the progression of erosions and protect against atherosclerosis and its complications.
Dry needling versus ultrasonic in treating cervical myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: Ali H A , Elzohiery A K , Arafa M M , Elkadery N A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a complex pain syndrome characterized by myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in skeletal muscles. Ultrasound (US) therapy is one of the main devices used in physical therapy, for the treatment of MTrPs in MPS. Dry needling is skilled technique also used in the treatment of MTrPs in MPS.

Purpose
This study aimed to compare the effect of dry needling with the effect of ultrasonic waves in the treatment of cervical myofascial pain.

Subjects
a sample of 30 patients with myofascial trigger points in trapezius muscle was randomly chosen and divided into 2 groups each contains 15 patients.

Methods
the first group was treated by ultrasonic waves in a pulsed mode (1MHz, 1W/cm², 1:1 ratio) 5 min to each trigger point and the second group was treated with deep dry needling (peppering technique) to each trigger point with a rate of 3 times per week for 3 weeks.

Results
All patients shows significant improvement (P &gt; 0.001) immediately after treatment period with disappearance of trigger points, increasing in cervical ROM and decreasing in VAS ; but 3 weeks later trigger points reappeared, ROM decreased and VAS increased again.

Conclusion
both modalities of treatment were considered effective in treating myofascial pain syndrome.
The Effect of Perineural Injection in the Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Elsebaie M A , Elarousi N H , Elattar E A , Mohamed A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
This study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of perineural injection of dextrose 5 % buffered with sodium bicarbonate subcutaneously in treating patients with mild to moderate CTS. It was a prospective randomized study that performed on twenty cases with idiopathic CTS; they were diagnosed clinically and electrophysiologically according to AANEM criteria (2002).

Objectives
To study the effectiveness of perineural injection of dextrose 5 % buffered with sodium bicarbonate subcutaneously in treating patients with mild to moderate CTS.

Patients and Methods
It was a prospective randomized study that performed on twenty cases with idiopathic CTS; they were diagnosed clinically and electrophysiologically according to AANEM criteria (2002). All patients received PIT sessions. The injection done once weekly for 6 weeks. They were assessed before and after the treatment sessions by the following: provocative tests (Tinel, phalen and reverse phalen), clinical assessment scale (VAS and BCTQ"SSS, FSS") and nerve conduction study.

Results
By the end of the treatment, All provocative tests & All assessment scores showed a highly statistical significant difference (p &gt; 0.01). Regarding sensory examination: night parethesia, hand pain and tingling &numbness showed a highly statistical significant difference (p &gt; 0.01). Our results as regard nerve conduction studies of DML, sensory CV and DSL —difference between median and ulnar nerves showed that there was a statistical significant difference with improvement and there was a highly statistical significant difference with improvement as regard DSL and DML-difference between median and ulnar nerves. Before treatment VAS has a positive correlation with DML (r = 0.448, P &lt; 0.05), another significant positive correlation was found between SSS and DSI (r = 0.45 , p &lt; 0.05), but there was a negative correlation between VAS and the following MCV (r=-0.536, p &lt; 0.05) and SCV (r= -0.462, p &lt; 0.05). After treatment there was a negative correlation between VAS and the following SCV (r = -0.528, p &lt; 0.05) and MCV (r= -0.618, p- 0,01 ).

Conclusion
Our study revealed that PIT Of D5W is an effective treatment for patients with mild to moderate CIS.
The Tale of Two Challanges: Stem Cells and Diabetic Vasculopathy
Authors: Naguib Y M , Abdelghany S M , Noreldin R I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder highly linked to several systemic complications. Diabetic patients largely suffer from hyperglycemia-induced macro- and micro-vascular abnormalities. Accumulating data have suggested a beneficial role of endothelial progenitor cells in diabetic microvascular diseases.

Objective
We evaluated the possible therapeutic effect of injecting transformed human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on cardiovascular and renal functions in old diabetic rats.

Methods
Thirty old (18-14 months) male Wistar albino rats weighing 300-350g were used in the present study. Diabetes was induced by intra-peritoneal streptozotocin injection. Rats were assigned (10/group) to Naive (received no treatment), diabetic control (injected with saline), and diabetic transformed mesenchymal stem cell treated (TMSCs). Measurement of blood pressure and doppler studies were performed, and blood samples were collected. Animals were then scarified and large and small vessels were collected for immunohistopathology.

Results
Anti-CD31 immuno-staining has shown successful homing of the injected transformed stem cells to the vascular endothelium. TMSCs treated group featured reduced systolic blood pressure, heart rate and pulse wave velocity when compared to control group. TMSCs treated group had lower serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Renal function parameters (KIM-1 and cystatin C)) were significantly lower in TMSCs treated group. Renal artery doppler study revealed improved blood flow and reduced resistance in the TMSCs treated group when compared to the control group.

Conclusion
We show here that transformed mesenchymal stem cells could be a potential therapeutic approach against hyperglycemia-induced macro- and micro-vascular complications in aged diabetics.
Role of ultrasound in assessment of abnormalities in knee trauma in comparison to MRI
Authors: Fahmy M I , Abdelghany A F , Aly A H , Farid D S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aim of the Work
to assess the role of high resolution ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation and assessment of different abnormalities resulting from knee trauma compared to Magnetic resonance imaging MRI

Aim and Patients and Methods
51 patients presenting with knee pain after variable degrees of knee trauma and referred to radiology department will be examined by US and MRI. Results are compared and data analysed.

Results
US had significant results in medial collateral ligament (MCL), menisci, quadriceps and patellar tendons, joint effusion and parameniscal cysts. Poor US results were obtained in cruciate, lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and bone injuries.

Conclusion
Ultrasound can be used in the initial assessment of patients after knee trauma. It has comparable results to MRI in tendons, periarticular ligaments, joint effusion and menisci assessment with still some limitations noted in the cruciate ligaments and bone injuries assessment.
The value of Transcranial Doppler sonography in children with sickle cell disease compared to non-transfusion depenendent thalassemias: Cohort Randomized study
Authors: Ahmed K A , Abdelrahaman H I , Kenny M A , Abdou S M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography is the only method provides a relatively inexpensive, noninvasive real-time measurement of blood flow characteristics and cerebrovascular hemodynamics within the basal arteries of the brain, adding physiologic information to the anatomic images. It seems ideally suited to screening for large-vessel disease, because it is safe, noninvasive, relatively low in cost, and well tolerated by children.

Objective
Is to measure the blood velocity in cerebral vessels by Transcranial Doppler in patients with sickle cell anaemia according to transfusion status and in patients with non transfusion dependent thalassemia.

Patients and Methods
Cohort study of sixty patients on children following up paediatric haematology clinic at children hospital, Ain shams university from March 2018 till September 2018.

Results
according to the STOP trial the Doppler velocity of the right MCA among the 60 patients are 55 patients were normal (91%), 1 patient was very low (1.7%),1 patient was conditional (1.7%) and 3 patients were abnormal ( 5.0%) and 5 patients are at risk (8.3%),and the Doppler velocity of the left MCA among the 60 patients are 54 patients were normal (90.0%), 2 patients were very low (3.3%), 3patients were conditional (5.0%) and 1 patient was abnormal (1.7%).

Conclusion
TCD is the recommended method of assessing stroke risk in SCD patients and NTDT, it is particularly useful in children because it is painless, noninvasive, available relatively inexpensive, easy to perform, and requires no sedation or contrast media or radiation exposure.
The Value of Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography in BIRADS Categorization of Equivocal and Suspicious Breast Lesions
Authors: Ali S B , Elshinawi M E , Chalabi N A , Keriakos N N H , Attia W A M H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aim
To evaluate the capability of CESM to upgrade/downgrade BIRADS category of equivocal and suspicious breast lesions.

Patients and Methods
Thirty female patients with 44 equivocal and suspicious breast lesions, were enrolled in our study, age ranged from 20 to 76 years. All patients underwent conventional mammography and ultrasound then CESM.

Results
Mammography+Ultrasound categorized 40/44 lesions (90.9%) lesions to be malignant (BIRADS 4,5) and 4/44 lesions (9.1%) to be benign (BIRADS1,3). CESM categorized 35/44 lesions (79.5% )to be malignant (BIRADS 4,5) and 9/44 lesions (20.5% ) to be benign (BIRADS1,3). Disagreement about BIRADS category was observed in 25% of the examined lesions including upgraded and down graded lesions in 11.36 % and 13.6 % respectively. 100% of up/down graded lesions also proved CESM to be correct in reference to the final diagnosis.

Conclusion
CESM has better diagnostic performance than mammography plus Ultrasound and provides a valuable tool to accurately evaluate equivocal and suspicious breast lesions.
Added value of diffusion weighted mri to conventional mri in the assessment of uterine cervix cancer post therapy
Authors: Nasr A M , Kamal O A , Kamel O F , Hashim S A N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Purpose
of this study is: Assessing the role of Diffusion weighted imaging with ADC mapping in the evaluation of uterine cervical cancer post therapy regarding tumor residual, recurrence or post treatment benign changes/ complications after tumor resection and/or chemotherapy/radiotherapy.

Methods
The study included 48 female underwent cervical cancer treatment, referred to Radio diagnosis Department of National Cancer Institute for post therapy assessment. Each patient included in the study was subjected to full history taking, reviewing medical sheet and MR examination including: Conventional MR examination and Diffusion Weighted imaging.

Results
The study showed that the use of quantitative DW imaging with ADC mapping provide added value in the detection of post-treatment malignant masses and differentiating it from post-treatment benign changes.

Conclusion
The current application of diffusion Weighted MRI as a routine with conventional MRI sequences increased the accuracy of detection of post therapy benign and malignant masses , Our results suggested also that the use of ADC can be helpful in differentiating post-treatment malignant masses from benign post-treatment changes.
Evaluation of Role of Beta 2 Microglobulin and P- ANCA in the diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis and Their Correlation to Disease Activity
Authors: Aboelmaged W A , Abdelhalym A S A , Eltabbakh M M M , Omar Y N A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnosis of IBD has been based on a combination of clinical data, blood parameters, radiology and endoscopy. Activity in IBD is determined by direct and non-invasive laboratory markers. The ideal marker for IBD that is easy, specific and predictor of relapse of the disease has not yet been identified. The aim of this work is to evaluate the role of P-ANCA and Beta 2 microglobulin as new biomarkers in predictors of diagnosis and disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Materials and Methods
The current case control study was conducted in Tropical Department of Ain-Shams University Hospitals on 40 cases of ulcerative colitis which included twenty patients in activity and twenty patients in remission. 40 controls were consisting of twenty patients with irritable bowel syndrome and twenty healthy controls in the period from October 2016 to May 2018.

Results
Mean B2-M values were significantly higher in active ulcerative colitis (2.26± 0.55mg/L) than in healthy controls (1.43 ± 0.22 mg/L) and IBS (1.51 ± 0.23 mg/L). Also, mean B2-M values were significantly higher in active disease when compared to patients in remission. The difference between different disease severities according to endoscopic picture in terms of serum B2-M levels was statistically insignificant (P &gt; 0.05).Also the difference between mild disease and inactive group was insignificant. Regarding the P-ANCA, most of active UC cases (80 %) have positive P-ANCA. While only 15 % of the inactive cases have positive P-ANCA and the difference between them is highly statistically significant (P = 0.000). Most of P-ANCA positive ulcerative colitis patients (52.6%) have moderate endoscopic activity and (21.1%) have severe endoscopic activity, while only (10.5%) have mild activity with high statistical significance (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
B2-M and P-ANCA may be a predictor of disease activity in UC
Immune Response for Newely HBV Vaccinated Health-Care Workers at Ain Shams University Hospitals
Authors: Elfolly R F , Ahmed T A , Aly H H , Khalil A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
hepatitis B is a major global health problem and a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B virus belongs to the hepadnaviridae class of viruses.

Aim of the work
to estimate the non-responder rates to the hepatitis B vaccine, to identify possible risk factors of non-response (to determine the need for revaccination and to guide for post-exposure prophylaxis).

Patients and Methods
this study included one hundred healthcare workers at Ain-Shams University Hospitals from different departments after taking informed consents to participate in the study. The study group included all healthcare workers who are currently subjected to HB vaccine standard schedule. The work was performed in-between October 2017 till May 2018.

Results
the mean age of candidates was 34.8±9.0 years with 38% of them were males and 62% were females. About 22% of candidates were smokers, 14% were diabetic and 33% were hypertensive. In our study, the mean HBsAb titer among candidates was 307.9±264.2 IU/mL. It was found that 12% of candidates were non-responders with HBsAB titer &lt; 10 IU/mL. On the other hand, 88% of them were responders with HBsAb titer 10-99 and 100-1000 in 24% and 64% of candidates, respectively.

Conclusion
the non-responder rate to the hepatitis B vaccine (non-significant HBsAbs titer) was 12%. On the other hand, 88% of them were responders with HBsAbs titer 10-99 and 100-1000 in 24% and 64% of candidates, respectively.