bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does chronic multimorbidity affect daily routines? An experience sampling study of community‐dwelling adults in Hong Kong
Authors: Lai Francisco T. T. , Ma Tsz W. , Hou Wai K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLimited by conventional data collection methods, it is unclear how community‐dwelling multimorbid people's daily routines are affected by their co‐occurring illnesses. This study investigated the differences in everyday life schedules between multimorbid and nonmultimorbid people. Three hundred community‐dwelling adults, representative of the Hong Kong Chinese population, provided real‐time self‐reports of daily routines over a 7‐day study period. Stratified by baseline multimorbidity status, we implemented generalized linear mixed models (binomial) for each of the four outcomes: meal, chores, conversation, and work/school, with time intervals as independent variable and potential confounders adjusted. The odds of engaging in these activities were compared between multimorbid and nonmultimorbid participants by time intervals. Significant differences were identified. Unlike nonmultimorbid participants, late evening (22:00–24:00) was estimated to be the most frequently observed meal time among multimorbid participants (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.59–26.01 vs. 14:00–16:00), who also did chores significantly earlier in the morning (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.09–3.58 in 8:00–10:00 vs. 14:00–16:00). Conversations were significantly less likely among multimorbid participants throughout the day. Last, multimorbid participants seemed to have less typical working/schooling hours. Further studies are warranted to investigate how these disruptions may lead to lower levels of quality of life and poorer mental health.
α5‐nAChR and survivin: Two potential biological targets in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Sun Yilin , Jia Yanfei , Zhang Qian , Zhu Ping , Ma Xiaoli 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecent studies have shown that the overexpression of α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α5‐nAChR) is associated with nicotine‐related lung carcinogenesis. Survivin is one of the biomarkers of a worse prognosis for smoking‐related lung cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of α5‐nAChR, survivin, and clinical outcomes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We analyzed the expression level and correlation of CHRNA5 (encoding α5‐nAChR) and BIRC5 (encoding survivin) in LUAD with The Cancer Genome Atlas data set. The relationship between overall survival (OS) and the expression of CHRNA5 or/and BIRC5 was evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. Moreover, our results showed that the expression of α5‐nAChR mediated survivin expression in lung cancer cells and in lung tumor xenografts. Relationships between the expression of α5‐nAChR and/or survivin with clinical‐pathological characteristics were analyzed using LUAD tissue samples. The results showed that expression of α5‐nAChR was correlated with survivin expression in vitro and in vivo. The group coexpressing α5‐nAChR and survivin had a worse prognosis than other subgroups in LUAD (p < .05). In conclusion, ascertaining the expression of both α5‐nAChR and survivin provides a better measure of prognosis for LUAD patients. The combined inhibition of α5‐nAChR and survivin may be a promising multitargeted gene therapeutic strategy in LUAD diagnosis.
Carnosol suppresses RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis and attenuates titanium particles‐induced osteolysis
Authors: Li Yongxian , Lin Sipeng , Liu Panjie , Huang Jianbin , Qiu Junxiong , Wen Zhenkang , Yuan Jinbo , Qiu Heng , Liu Yuhao , Liu Qian , Zhou Tengpeng , Luo Peijie , Guo Huizhi , Ma Yanhuai , Guo Danqing , Mo Guoye , Tang Yongchao , Xu Liangliang , Liang De , Xu Jiake , Ding Yue , Zhang Shuncong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOsteolysis is a common medical condition characterized by excessive activity of osteoclasts and bone resorption, leading to severe poor quality of life. It is essential to identify the medications that can effectively suppress the excessive differentiation and function of osteoclasts to prevent and reduce the osteolytic conditions. It has been reported that Carnosol (Car), isolated from rosemary and salvia, has anti‐inflammatory, antioxidative, and anticancer effects, but its activity on osteolysis has not been determined. In this study, we found that Car has a strong inhibitory effect on the receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclast differentiation dose‐dependently without any observable cytotoxicity. Moreover, Car can inhibit the RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis and resorptive function via suppressing NFATc1, which is a result of affecting MAPK, NF‐κB and Ca2+ signaling pathways. Moreover, the particle‐induced osteolysis mouse model confirmed that Car could be effective for the treatment of bone loss in vivo. Taken together, by suppressing the formation and function of RANKL‐induced osteoclast, Car, may be a therapeutic supplementary in the prevention or the treatment of osteolysis.
An efficient synthesis of 6‐benzyl‐2‐arylthieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ones catalyzed by HCl involving a Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction
Authors: Pan Wan‐Chen , Wang Yi‐Chun , Li Tuan‐Jie , Liu Jian‐Quan , Wang Xiang‐Shan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAldehyde could undergo not only the subsequent condensation and cyclization with 2‐aminothiophene‐3‐carboxamide to build a pyrimidine ring, but also a Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction with thiophene moiety to give unexpected 6‐benzyl‐2‐arylthieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ ones in good yields catalyzed by concentrated HCl.
Longitudinal epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 in Yamagata, Japan, 2010–2017: Two groups based on spike gene appear one after another
Authors: Komabayashi Kenichi , Matoba Yohei , Tanaka Shizuka , Seto Junji , Aoki Yoko , Ikeda Tatsuya , Shimotai Yoshitaka , Matsuzaki Yoko , Itagaki Tsutomu , Mizuta Katsumi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHuman coronavirus OC43 (HCoV‐OC43) is divided into genotypes A to H based on genetic recombination including the spike (S) gene. To investigate the longitudinal transition of the phylogenetic feature of the HCoV‐OC43 S gene in a community, phylogenetic analysis of the S1 region of the S gene was conducted using 208 strains detected in Yamagata during 2010 to 2017 with reference strains of the genotype. The S1 sequences were divisible into four groups: A to D. All Yamagata strains belonged to either group B or group D. In group B, 46 (90.2%) out of 51 Yamagata strains were clustered with those of genotype E reference strains (cluster E). In group D, 28 (17.8%) and 122 (77.7%) out of 157 Yamagata strains were clustered, respectively, with genotype F and genotype G reference strains. In cluster G, 28 strains formed a distinct cluster. Monthly distributions of HCoV‐OC43 in Yamagata in 2010 to 2017 revealed that group B and group D appeared one after another. In group B, the cluster E strains were prevalent recurrently. In conclusion, epidemics of HCoV‐OC43 in Yamagata, Japan might be attributable to two genetically different groups: group B showed a recurrent epidemic of strains belonging to a single phylogenetic cluster and group D showed epidemic strains belonging to multiple clusters.
Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET)
Authors: Alasti Mohammad , Mirzaee Sam , Machado Colin , Healy Stewart , Bittinger Logan , Adam David , Kotschet Emily , Krafchek Jack , Alison Jeffrey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractJunctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a tachyarrhythmia arising from the atrioventricular node and His bundle area. Enhanced normal automaticity has been postulated as the mechanism of JET in the majority of patients. It is more common in children and can be seen as congenital or in postoperative settings. It is often a narrow complex tachycardia but can present as a wide complex tachycardia as a result of aberrant conduction. Its differentiation from other arrhythmias especially atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) can be challenging. Medical treatment of JET is difficult, and catheter ablation remains the mainstay of treatment in refractory cases with a high risk of atrioventricular block and recurrence.
A wavelet artificial neural network method for medium‐term rainfall prediction in Queensland (Australia) and the comparisons with conventional methods
Authors: Ghamariadyan Meysam , Imteaz Monzur Alam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to develop a medium‐term rainfall forecast model to predict monthly rainfall 1, 3, 6, and 12 months in advance using hybrid wavelet‐artificial neural networks (WANN) for Queensland, Australia. To assess the performance of the models, seven input sets comprised of either past rainfall magnitudes, selected climate anomalies, or combinations of rainfall with different climate anomalies as independent variables were defined. The data of the years 1908–1999 and 2000–2016 from 10 weather stations in Queensland were used for training and verification of the models, respectively. The results showed that the WANN enhances the average prediction accuracy in terms of root‐mean‐square‐error (RMSE) with 90, 52, 32, and 15% at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months lead time, respectively compared to of the artificial neural networks (ANN). Also, the current prediction system of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM), Australian Community Climate Earth‐System Simulator–Seasonal (ACCESS‐S) provided the predictions with the average RMSE values of 91.0, 102.7, and 100.3 mm for 1, 3, and 6 months lead times, respectively. In contrast, the corresponding RMSE values of 8.2, 37.6, and 52.4 mm are obtained through the WANN. Moreover, performance of the WANN method was compared with the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) models. ARIMA and MLR produced similar performances at same lead times; corresponding average RMSE values of 78.8, 82.72, 80.9, and 79.5 mm were obtained through ARIMA compared to the 75.9, 79.5, 79.0, and 78.9 mm through the MLR. The results of the current study indicate than the performance of the WANN is more accurate than the ANN, ARIMA, MLR, and ACCESS‐S forecasts.
Thermomechanical stress in GaN‐LEDs soldered onto Cu substrates studied using finite element method and Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Liu E. , Conti Fosca , Bhogaraju Sri Krishna , Signorini Raffaella , Pedron Danilo , Wunderle Bernhard , Elger Gordon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLocal thermomechanical stress can cause failures in semiconductor packages during long‐time operation under harsh environmental conditions. This study helps to explain the packaging‐induced stress in blue GaN‐LEDs soldered onto copper substrates using AuSn alloy as lead‐free interconnect material. Based on the finite element method, a virtual prototype is developed to simulate the thermomechanical behavior and stress in the LED and in the complete LED/AuSn/Cu assembly considering plastic and viscoplastic strain. The investigations were performed by varying the temperature between −50°C and 180°C. To validate the model, the simulation results are compared to experimental data collected with Raman spectroscopy. Studies of the
phonon mode of GaN semiconductor are elaborated to understand the induced thermomechanical stress. The model enables evaluation of the stress in the interfaces of the assembly, which otherwise cannot be accessed by measurements. It serves to predict how assemblies would perform, before committing resources to build a physical prototype.
High‐reliability gate driver on array using noise sharing of precharging node for thin film transistor–liquid crystal display application
Authors: Zheng Guang‐Ting , Liu Po‐Tsun , Du Chia‐Heng , Wang Teng‐Yu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) thin‐film transistor (TFT) gate driver with negative bias stress on precharging node for noise sharing with high‐reliability 10.7‐in. automotive display has been proposed. The proposed circuit is composed of precharging block, pull‐up and pull‐down block, and noise‐free block. The precharging block not only starts up the gate driver but also reduces noise with 33% duty cycle. Duplicate output signals are responsible for turning on next stage to decrease the loading of output of gate line. Moreover, negative bias voltage recovering of TFTs could be created by setting another lower voltage source to lower the threshold voltage degradation of TFTs. According to lifetime test results, the proposed gate driver of 708 stages passes the extreme temperature range test (90°C and −40°C) for simulation and −40°C for measurement and remains stable over 800 h at 90°C test. Finally, this design is successfully demonstrated in a 10.7‐in. HD (1280 × RGB × 720) TFT‐LCD panel.
Constructing customer knowledge in knowledge‐intensive customer relationships
Authors: Heikka Eija‐Liisa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractKnowing your customers and their needs is a topic that has attracted increasing interest in the business and academic worlds. In line with this, constructing customer knowledge has come under examination in this study. A firm's ability to construct customer knowledge creates solid ground for responding better to its customers' needs. In the business‐to‐business markets, customers are demanding increasingly knowledge‐intensive services. Therefore, examining the topic is particularly important in this specific context. In this study, the purpose is to find out how customer knowledge is constructed in knowledge‐intensive customer relationships. To accomplish this purpose, a qualitative multiple case study is organized around seven case relationships allowing within‐case and cross‐case comparisons. The findings of this study describe a variety of practices knowledge‐intensive firms can utilize in constructing customer knowledge in their daily activities. This study helps KIBS organizations in their efforts to create a source of competitive advantage as customer knowledge is a critical asset for firms, especially in a fast‐changing knowledge‐intensive environment.
Corrosion behavior of aluminum alloy 5754 in cement‐based matrix‐simulating nuclear waste disposal conditions
Authors: Mendibide Christophe , Dusquesnes Vincent , Deydier Valérie , Bourbon Xavier , Crusset Didier 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDepending on the lifetime and level of radioactivity of radioactive wastes, different disposal facilities are considered. Though low‐ and intermediate‐level short‐lived waste can be disposed in surface disposal facilities, deep geological disposal is considered for high‐ and intermediate‐level long‐lived waste. In France and Belgium, long‐term disposal is studied in clay host rock media. For aluminum, the disposal concept is based on encapsulation of the waste in a cement‐based matrix. It is also well‐known that aluminum is prone to severe corrosion in sufficiently alkaline environments leading to possible hydrogen production. To ensure the safety of the disposal facilities and the integrity of the cement capsules, the amount of aluminum that is disposed in each waste package must be specified and is limited to mitigate the level of hydrogen production by aluminum corrosion. In the present study, the corrosion resistance of an aluminum alloy (grade EN‐AW‐5754/H111) in two different cement matrices was studied in different configurations at room temperature. In each case, the evolution of hydrogen production was monitored to address the corrosion rate variation versus time.
Triple‐lobe combined latissimus dorsi and scapular flap for reconstruction of a large defect after sarcoma resection
Authors: Karakawa Ryo , Yoshimatsu Hidehiko , Tanakura Kenta , Imai Tomohiro , Yano Tomoyuki , Sawaizumi Masayuki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn the setting of the reconstruction for a large defect, we must make the maximum use of the limited human tissue with the minimum damage. In this article, we report on reconstruction using a combination of three‐skin paddle latissimus dorsi and a scapular flap for a large defect after soft tissue sarcoma resection to minimize donor site morbidity.MethodsFrom 2000 to 2012, six patients underwent primary reconstruction using free or pedicled triple‐lobe combined latissimus dorsi and scapular flap after wide resection of soft tissue sarcoma. There were five male patient and one female, and their average age was 66.8 (range, 49–80 years). The location of the defects was the thoracic wall in three, the thigh in one, the knee in one, and the shoulder in one. The average size of the defect was 18.8 × 13.9 cm.ResultsThe average size of the ascending scapular flap and the skin paddle of the latissimus dorsi flap was 6.8 × 13 cm and 7.3 × 14.7 cm. One patient had partial necrosis of the skin paddle of the latissimus dorsi flap, which was treated conservatively. The triple‐lobe combined latissimus dorsi and scapular flaps survived completely in five cases. Neither anastomosis complications nor infections were encountered. The average follow‐up period was 63.67 months. All patients were satisfied functionally and esthetically with the reconstruction outcomes at the end of follow‐up.ConclusionIn conclusion, the triple‐lobe combined latissimus dorsi and scapular flap is one of the options for reconstruction of a large defect after sarcoma resection to minimize donor site morbidity.
A Computational Approach to Identify Potential Novel Inhibitors against the Coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Battisti Verena , Wieder Oliver , Garon Arthur , Seidel Thomas , Urban Ernst , Langer Thierry 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe current pandemic threat of COVID‐19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2, not only gives rise to a high number of deaths around the world but also has immense consequences for the worldwide health systems and global economy. Given the fact that this pandemic is still ongoing and there are currently no drugs or vaccines against this novel coronavirus available, this in silico study was conducted to identify a potential novel SARS‐CoV‐2‐inhibitor. Two different approaches were pursued: 1) The Docking Consensus Approach (DCA) is a novel approach, which combines molecular dynamics simulations with molecular docking. 2) The Common Hits Approach (CHA) in contrast focuses on the combination of the feature information of pharmacophore modeling and the flexibility of molecular dynamics simulations. The application of both methods resulted in the identification of 10 compounds with high coronavirus inhibition potential.
Why the Kanak Don't Fear Sharks: Myths as a Coherent but Dangerous Mirror of Nature
Authors: Clua Eric , Guiart Jean 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThis study focuses on the important role of sharks in the Melanesian mythology. Based on unpublished stories essentially originating from New Caledonia, we show how strong the links are between myths and the physical environment in which Kanak live. As prevalent mythical animals, sharks can indifferently play the role of avengers and righters of wrongs, or vehicles for the spirits of living or dead people. They can be either allies or enemies in wars, and their role as potential man‐killers is never overlooked. However, when humans are attacked and killed by a shark, it is always for a material reason: the victim broke a rule or a tabu, the shark was an enemy, the sharks withdrew protection, the event allowed a pregnant woman to reach a new territory, etc. Beyond arbitrary metaphysical justifications, such perceptions reflect respect for social and natural order. For Kanak ni‐Vanuatu and other Pacific Islander peoples, sharks are part of a coherent Nature that includes natural and social hazards. In the quest for sustainable development of the planet, more in harmony with Nature, so‐called ‘developed societies’ might draw inspiration from such perceptions. Indigenous understandings could also help change the globally negative perception of sharks, and support shark conservation efforts in Oceania and worldwide.
College campuses' influence on student weight and related behaviours: A review of observational and intervention research
Authors: Bailey Caitlin P. , Sharma Shanti , Economos Christina D. , Hennessy Erin , Simon Caitlin , Hatfield Daniel P. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryResearch indicates that most college students are not meeting dietary and physical activity guidelines, and the average student gains an estimated 1.6–3.0 kg during 4 years of study. College administrations are well‐positioned to influence student weight‐related health behaviours by ensuring that campus environments/policies promote health. However, to date, campus health interventions have largely addressed individual and interpersonal factors rather than environmental/policy‐level changes. Using an ecological perspective, this narrative review synthesizes the literature on campus environmental/policy‐level factors (e.g., food availability, physical activity requirements) associated with student diet, physical activity and weight, as well as campus interventions to address these factors. Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched between December 2018 and November 2019. Results indicate that campus food environments may contribute to overconsumption and weight gain, and the number of campuses requiring students to participate in physical activity courses is in decline. Eight examples of environmental/policy‐level campus interventions are presented: nutrition labels in dining halls, campus‐wide healthy choice marketing campaigns, restricted payment methods for à la cart dining, trayless dining, health‐themed residence halls, peer health education programmes, active classroom spaces and physical activity course requirements. Implications for research and health promotion programmes/policies in the field of college health are discussed.
In‐line characterization of dispersion uniformity evolution during a twin‐screw blending extrusion based on near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: He Zhangping , Zhang Fei , Lei Yu , Lin Zenan , Wang Mengmeng , Jin Gang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProperties of an immiscible polymer blend have been proved to be closely related to dispersion uniformity of the minor phase. At present, dispersion uniformity is difficult to evaluate during the blending process, resulting in hysteretic feedback. Aiming at this problem, this work utilized near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to in‐line characterize dispersion uniformity evolution during a twin‐screw extrusion. A multichannel NIR measurement system was set up and applied to evaluate the blending process of polypropylene and polyolefin elastomer (POE). Based on the NIR spectra collected at different positions of the extruder, five prediction models of POE content were established using the light gradient boosting machine algorithm. Dispersion uniformity was characterized through the fluctuation of the predicted content. The evolution of dispersion under such processing parameters was consistent with scanning electron microscopy.
Mechanisms of Csp2–H functionalization of aldehydes with triplet O2 catalyzed by NHPI: A density functional theory investigation
Authors: Deng Zhe‐Peng , Zhou Da‐Gang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe mechanisms of Csp2–H activation of aldehydes to yield carboxylic acids catalyzed by NHPI have been investigated with M06‐2X‐D3/ma‐def2‐TZVP method and basis set in the Universal Solvation Model Based on Solute Electron Density (SMD). The computational results suggest that the activation of NHPI, rather than aldehydes, would be finished by triplet O2 with lower energy barrier. The obtained radicals PINO and HOO˙ could help to achieve this Csp2–H activation of aldehydes, then triplet O2 would continue to react with generated intermediate to obtain Criegee intermediate radical; the following H‐shift reactions happened to produce Criegee intermediate; finally, SN2 reaction would help to yield the final product carboxylic acid. Meanwhile, the obtained carboxylic acid radical captures one proton to yield carboxylic acid. The localized orbital locator (LOL) isosurfaces of pi orbitals, and electron spin density isosurface graphs could reveal the single electron transfer process. The results would provide valuable insights into these types of interactions and related ones.