bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Perhitungan, Pencatatan, Penyetoran dan Pelaporan Pajak Penghasilan 21 Pada RS Vania Bogor Tahun 2015 - 2016
Authors: Prihatono Yudha Pratama , Sutomo Hadi 
Published: February 2020

This research was conducted at Vania Bogor Hospital which is located at Jalan Siliwangi No.42, Sukasari, Bogor Timur, Kota Bogor, West Java 16142. The purpose of this study was to find out the Suitability of Calculation, Deposit and Reporting at Vania Bogor Hospital in 2015-2016 by Regulation The Director of Tax as stated in PER 32 / PJ / 2015 and PER 16 / PJ / 2016 and Knowing the Suitability of Recordings conducted by Vania Bogor Hospital with generally accepted Accounting Standards. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This method is used with the aim to answer and provide an overview of the analysis of calculation, recording, depositing and reporting PPh Article 21. The analysis method used by the writer is descriptive qualitative writing, which is an attempt to collect and compile a data, then analyze the data . Descriptive analysis is the data collected is in the form of numbers. The results of the research show that the calculation, recording, depositing and reporting conducted by Vania Bogor Hospital is in accordance with the generally accepted tax regulations and accounting standards. However, there are some SPT for Correction Periods in Reporting that were carried out by Vania Bogor Hospital which was caused by being wrong in calculating the number of employees. For Vania Bogor Hospital employees who are responsible for Article 21 PPh, it is advisable to do the right calculation between the number of employees who are still working and the number of employees who are no longer working at Vania Bogor Hospital.
Validación de máquina briqueteadora para el aprovechamiento de la cascarilla de café como combustible
Authors: Dávila Karla Elizabeth , Amador Aura , Morazán Fátima , Rugama Jader 
Published: February 2020

La investigación contó con el apoyo técnico y financiero de la Fundación para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Agropecuario y Forestal de Nicaragua (FUNICA) y su finalidad fue validar una máquina briqueteadora de tornillo helicoidal para el aprovechamiento de la cascarilla de café como combustible. Se determinaron las propiedades de la cascarilla de café, se caracterizaron las briquetas elaboradas con la máquina briqueteadora, comparándolas con las elaboradas artesanalmente, asimismo se establecieron las ventajas económicas de dicho equipo, y posteriormente se realizó un análisis comparativo entre las briquetas y la leña como combustible. Para elaborar estos análisis se ejecutaron varias actividades entre ellas: pruebas de ceniza, humedad, granulometría, análisis del funcionamiento del equipo, desarrollo de producto densificado (briquetas) con diferentes aglutinantes, pruebas de dióxido de carbono, poder calórico, y se realizó el cálculo de la inversión inicial, costos de producción de las briquetas. Las pruebas realizadas dieron como resultado que entre menor sea el tamaño de las partículas de la materia prima (cascarilla) se obtiene mayor calidad del producto densificado, sin embargo la máquina de tornillo helicoidal, resultó ser un equipo no funcional, debido al sistema de compactación que presentaba. Por éste y otros inconvenientes se descartó, por lo tanto se recurrió a dos prototipos de maquinaria como son el Molde de madera y la Prensa manual, este último presenta un sistema de compactación que permite obtener un producto de calidad al usar una mezcla de almidón cocido con cascarilla triturada. Con esto se procedió a realizar los cálculos de producción obteniendo que estos son mayores en la prensa, debido a su nivel de producción, en cambio en el molde son menores, pero su producto no es suficientemente compacto. Dentro del análisis comparativo entre la leña y la briqueta se encontró que ésta última presenta mayor poder calórico, genera menos dióxido de carbono, aspecto que podemos destacar desde el punto de vista ambiental.
Prevalence of Sports Practice among Mexican Adults in 2002 and 2014
Authors: Ortiz-Hernandez L. , Ayala-Hilario C. , Ayala- Guzmán CI. 
Published: February 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el cambio en la prevalencia de la práctica deportiva en adultos mexicanos y su asociación con características sociodemográficas. Analizamos la Encuesta Nacional de Uso del Tiempo (ENUT) de México realizada en 2002 y 2014. A través de un cuestionario se indagó la práctica deportiva en la semana previa. Las variables independientes fueron las características sociodemográficas. Encontramos que la prevalencia de la práctica deportiva aumentó entre 2002 y 2014 (de 15.8% a 29.3%). Ser soltero o tener una posición socioeconómica alta se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de práctica deportiva. Los hombres y los habitantes de las ciudades tenían mayores probabilidades de practicar deporte en comparación con sus contrapartes; aunque estas diferencias tendieron a disminuir. Concluimos que la prevalencia de la práctica deportiva ha aumentado, sin embargo, sigue siendo baja. Identificamos grupos con menor probabilidad de practicar deportes en los que se pueden enfocar esfuerzos para promover la actividad física.
The aim of our study was to know the change over time of sports practice prevalence in Mexican adults and its socio-demographic correlates. We analyzed the Mexican National Survey of Time Use (ENUT) conducted in 2002 and 2014; which is based on a representative sample of Mexican adults. Through a questionnaire, it was inquired if people practised sport in the previous week of the interview and the time spent to do it. The independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics. We found that the prevalence of sports practice increased between 2002 and 2014 (from 15.8% to 29.3%). Being single or having a high socioeconomic position was associated with a higher probability of sports practice. Men and city dwellers had higher probabilities of practice sport compared with their counterparts; although these differences tended to decrease. We conclude that the prevalence of sports practice in Mexico has increased, but it remains low. We identified groups with lower probabilities to practice sport in which efforts can be focused to promote active lifestyles.
Aflatoxin B1 Affects Kenyan Markets: How It Can be Managed
Authors: Lugasi Solomon Omwoma 
Published: February 2020

Aflatoxin B1 is a toxin produced as secondary fungal metabolites by the fungus Aspergillus, particularly A. flavus. The toxin has significantly contaminated the food supply chain especially cereals in Kenya. Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) has recently banned five maize flour brands, citing high aflatoxin levels. They also suspended seven peanut butter products and the permits of their parent companies over aflatoxin contamination. The huge losses encountered by these companies calls for concerted efforts to manage aflatoxin in cereals. Aflasafe, a natural product for controlling poisonous A. flavus in food crops, including maize is made from roasted sterile sorghum (usually colored blue using food color) coated with non-poison producing types of A. flavus native to Kenya. The product is broadcasted in the maize fields during flowering and after exposure to sufficient moisture, the friendly Aflasafe fungi grow out as green spores containing millions of spores that are eventually spread to the crop, carried by wind and insects in the manner that aflatoxin-producing fungi are spread.
Does deformation of immobilization devices impact treatment accuracy in thoracic cancer radiotherapy?
Authors: Zhao Lianzi , Zhang Louzheng , Hu Yiwen , Zhong Yang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundImmobilization devices are essential for maintaining accurate and repeatable patient positioning in radiotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the setup errors and dosimetric deviation induced by the deformation of immobilization devices in thoracic cancer radiotherapy using CT‐linac.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 thoracic cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy, using vacuum cushion (VC) and thermoplastic mask (TM) for immobilization. A total of 206 weekly Fan‐beam CT (FBCT) images (4–7 per patient) were analyzed to manually delineate immobilization devices and assess their geometric deformations against setup errors. Dosimetric deviations between the clinical plan (CT‐plan) and the delivered plan (FBCT‐plan) were compared for planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs). Correlations between dose variations and setup errors were analyzed in lateral (LAT), longitudinal (LNG), and vertical (VRT) axes.ResultsThe conformity of the VC (Nup) and TM (Ndown) with the patient in simulation CT exhibited moderate to strong correlations with VRT setup errors (Ndown: r = −0.484, p < 0.01;Nup: r = −0.697, p < 0.01). However, intra‐fraction deformation of immobilization devices (in FBCT) showed no significant correlation with setup errors. In the dosimetric analysis of OARs, lung dose parameters (Dmean, V5, V20) and heart Dmean exhibited a consistent absolute difference with increasing setup errors. Dose variation decreased significantly when errors exceeded 5 mm, particularly in the VRT direction for most PTV indices, with the exception of CI and HI. Spinal cord Dmax variation correlated significantly with setup accuracy along the LNG axis, but not along other axes.ConclusionThe conformity of immobilization devices in simulation CT exhibits a stronger correlation with setup accuracy than the deformation of these devices in intra‐fraction FBCT. FBCT is recommended for improving treatment precision through dosimetric assessment and planning adjustments.
Machine Learning‐Driven Ultrasensitive WSe2/MWCNT Hybrid‐Based E‐Nose Sensor Array for Volatiles Amines Mixture
Authors: Gaur Snehraj , Singh Sukhwinder , Bhatia Ajay , Bhutani Vansh , Verma Mohit , Haick Hossam , Pareek Vishakha , Gupta Ritu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVolatile amines in breath act as biomarkers for kidney and liver diseases. Monitoring these amines, especially when present as a mixture, provides insights into the metabolic state of the body. This study focuses on differentiating volatile amines by systematically modulating the conductivity and sensitivity of WSe2/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes composite‐based sensors. The fabricated chemiresistive sensor array demonstrates high selectivity, sensitivity (7.67% ppm−1), fast response and recovery kinetics (32 s/137 s), and accurate discrimination among target amines, even in the presence of other VOCs (volatile organic compounds). The sensor array operates at room temperature and achieves a theoretical limit of detection (LOD) of 387 ppt, 206, 157, and 202 ppb for triethylamine (TEA), dimethylamine (DMA), methylamine (MA), and ammonia (NH3), respectively, demonstrating its suitability for breath sensing and diagnostics. Machine learning (ML) analysis is employed to differentiate between the volatile amines and mixtures with 94% accuracy. The ability to detect these amines at such low ppt and ppb levels underscores the potential of this e‐nose technology for high‐performance applications in early‐stage disease diagnostics.
Design of Janus Heterostructures Embedded in Carbon Nanofibers via Heterointerface and Structural Engineering for Rapid Polysulfide Conversion
Authors: Zhang Xiaofei , Wang Tongzhen , Li Yulei , Yang Jie , Cui Jiewu , Yan Jian , Liu Jiaqin , Tan Hark Hoe , Yu Yan , Wu Yucheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe sluggish redox kinetics of sulfur electrode and the “shuttle effect” caused by soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPS) are critical challenges in the advancement of high‐energy lithium‐sulfur batteries. Here, a pioneering flexible self‐supporting composite scaffold that incorporates Janus V2O3/VN heterostructures embedded within multichannel nitrogen‐doped carbon nanofibers (MNCNF) is introduced. The MNCNF features a 3D hierarchical porous conductive network that facilitates rapid ion/electron transport while offering substantial space for high sulfur loading. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the Janus V2O3/VN heterocatalyst, featuring a built‐in interfacial electric field, facilitates a smooth and rapid “capture‐diffusion‐conversion” of LiPS by leveraging the V2O3’s strong adsorption capacity, VN's high catalytic capability and promoted interfacial charge/ion transport, thereby accelerating bi‐directional sulfur conversion. The as‐designed sulfur electrode with a sulfur loading of 2.0 mg cm−2 showcases high rate capability of 618 mAh g⁻¹ at 5C with 68.1% capacity retention over 500 cycles. Notably, under harsh conditions of high sulfur loading (6.0 mg cm−2) and lean electrolyte (7.5 µL mg−1), it achieves a high initial areal capacity of 4.92 mAh cm−2 with 94.8% capacity retention over 150 cycles. This work offers valuable insights for the rational design of optimal vanadium‐based heterocatalysts aimed at facilitating rapid sulfur redox conversion.
High Color Purity Deep‐Blue Multi‐Resonance TADF Material with Narrowband Emission Toward BT.2020 Standard
Authors: Su Hanrui , Wang Yaxiong , Di Kaiyuan , Yue Haotian , Huang Shan , Tian Yongxing , Zhang Qiang , Shao Hongbo , Guo Runda , Wang Lei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDue to higher exciton energy, the deep‐blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are the most challenging among trichromatic emitters. In this work, three novel blue emitters with multi‐resonance (MR) effects are reported based on N,N,5,9‐tetraphenyl‐5,9‐dihydro‐5,9‐diaza‐13b‐boranaphtho[3,2,1‐de]anthracen‐7‐amine (PAB) skeleton, incorporating fluorine and methyl groups. Compound 2FPAB and MePAB exhibit ultra‐pure deep‐blue emission peaks at 436 and 448 nm respectively. The device based on MePAB achieves a maximum external quantum efficiency of 19.8% with an ultralow CIEy value of 0.046 and a full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum (FWHM) of 29 nm in the bottom emitting device. Additionally, the peripheral cladding of fluorine atoms extends the conjugation framework and slightly enhances the electron acceptance character of the boron atom at the ortho‐position. This leads to a redshift in the emission spectrum and enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of up to 93% for MePABF. Furthermore, the potential application of MePAB as a deep‐blue sensitizer for MePABF is examined by fabricating a TADF‐sensitized‐TADF (TST) device. The results show a significantly reduced efficiency roll‐off and improved device performance, with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 25.1% and a FWHM of 29 nm.
Cucurbituril‐Manipulated Supramolecular Electrodes for Highly Active and Stable (Photo)electrocatalytic Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Jiang Shuai , Zhang Kefan , Yin Xianjun , Peng Hui‐Qing , Zhang Wenjun , Liu Bin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe robust immobilization and activity regulation of molecular catalysts on solid electrodes have remained persistent challenges in catalysis. Herein, cucurbituril (CB[7]) acts is first demonstrated as a bifunctional medium to firmly immobilize molecular catalyst CoTMPyP onto various metal oxide electrodes, including TiO2, BiVO4, α‐Fe2O3, and WO3, through host‐guest and electrostatic interactions. This approach not only secures stable attachment of the catalyst but also optimizes its electronic structure and catalytic activity. The CB[7]‐mediated supramolecular electrodes exhibit exceptional performance in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), ethanol oxidation reaction, hydrazine oxidation reaction, and photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation. For instance, TiO2‐CB[7]‐CoTMPyP electrode achieves a turnover frequency (TOF) of 5.30 s−1 at an overpotential of 600 mV for OER, and BiVO4‐CB[7]‐CoTMPyP photoanode delivers a water oxidation photocurrent density of 6.00 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus RHE under simulated solar irradiation. Mechanistic studies reveal CB[7] plays a critical role beyond merely serving as a linker: it enhances charge accumulation around the cobalt sites, promotes reactants adsorption at these sites, reduces reaction energy barrier, and accelerates charge transfer rate, thereby significantly boosting catalytic activity. This work provides a groundbreaking pathway for the design and fabrication of cost‐effective, high‐performance molecular‐based electrodes for (photo)electrocatalytic reactions.
New Mechanisms of Phase Transition in Olivine‐Type LixMn0.7Fe0.3PO4 Cathodes: a Finding on Relaxation Behavior and its Implications for Battery Performance
Authors: Li Shuzhen , Wang Jinkun , Liu Yong , Liu Zhibei , Zhang Hao , Wang Li , He Xiangming 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhosphates of the olivine type, LiMnyFe1‐yPO4 (LMFP), have garnered significant attention due to their higher energy density compared to LiFePO4 (LFP). However, their limited cycle life and rate performance remain key obstacles to their commercialization. Therefore, elucidating the intricate phase transition mechanisms during electrochemical cycling is paramount to overcoming this bottleneck. This study investigates the relaxation behavior of LixMn0.7Fe0.3PO4 (0≤x≤1) under various conditions revealed a remarkable memory characteristic in its crystal structure: the lattice parameters of different delithiated states return to their fully lithiated configuration upon complete relaxation. Moreover, the relaxation rate is influenced by the charging/discharging conditions and storage environment: higher rates, greater delithiation, and longer relaxation times are observed, as are extended relaxation time at lower temperatures and in the absence of electrolyte. These findings provide a rational explanation for the complexity of the phase transition mechanisms in LMFP and highlight the significant differences in phase transition and relaxation behaviors, advancing the understanding of LMFP materials.
Covalent Adaptable Networks for Sustainable Soft Electronic Sensors and Actuators
Authors: Seah Georgina E. K. K. , Lee Zhi Yuan , Gan Ai Wei , Jiang Xin , Kamarulzaman Sirin , Yu Jing , Goh Shermin S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe flexible electronics market is rapidly growing, driven by demand in the healthcare, automotive, and consumer industries. While these technologies enhance the daily lives, the electronic waste (e‐waste) generated in tandem poses significant environmental challenges. Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) are crosslinked polymers bearing dynamic covalent bonds (DCBs). These exchangeable bonds endow CANs not only with the high mechanical and chemical stability of thermosets but also with the stimuli‐activated reprocessability of thermoplastics. CAN‐derived electronics offer a solution to alleviate e‐waste generation since the DCBs allow for the self‐healing and recycling of these devices. Additionally, the ability of CANs to respond to stimuli is highly desirable for smart materials, especially flexible electronics. In this review, how CANs play the role of conformable substrates and dielectrics, and also as flexible electronic connectors, sensors, and actuators is comprehensively cataloged. Furthermore, the advantages gained by utilizing CANs in electronic sensors and actuators is highlighted, as well as provide the insights into design strategies to address the challenges of creating high‐performance sustainable soft electronics.
Alkali Metal‐Induced Core‐Shell Hybrid with Mixed Ir Valence State Boosts Acidic Water Oxidation
Authors: Wang Liu , Li Zijian , Jang Haeseong , Kim Min Gyu , Liu Shangguo , Wang Xuefeng , Zeng Mengran , Cho Jaephil , Liu Xien , Qin Qing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIridium (Ir)‐based electrocatalysts have long been employed as the benchmark for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acid, but further to improve their catalytic activity still facing great challenges. Herein, alkali metal K is incorporated to induce the in situ construction of a core‐shell hybrid of K‐IrOx thin skin‐wrapped metallic Ir (K‐IrOx/Ir) to boost the acidic OER. The K‐IrOx/Ir exhibits exceptional catalytic performance with a long lasting stability of 3000 h operation and a low overpotential of 199 mV to reach the 10 mA cm−2. Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies revealed that the enrichment of K in the low‐coordination IrOx shell induces a significant compressive strain, which regulates the Ir─O bond properties and further optimizes the adsorption energy of rate‐limiting intermediates, favoring of the enhanced catalytic activity. Furthermore, the surface IrOx active layer is well maintained during the OER process thanks to the mixed‐valence state and intensified electronic interaction in core‐shell hybrid that inhibit the overoxidation and dissolution of Ir, responsible for the outstanding stability. This work offers a novel strategy for developing high performance acidic OER catalysts by the design of favorable mesostructured architectures with mixed metal states to enable the intensified electronic interaction and strain effect.
Local Charge Regulation in Selenides via High‐Entropy Engineering to Boost Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Yan Zhikai , Wang Lei , Du Yiqian , Chen Guanyu , Wu Yuyang , Yang Liting , You Wenbin , Zhao Biao , Che Renchao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLocal charge modulation is an effective method to improve the polarization loss and electromagnetic (EM) absorption characteristics. However, the use of conventional means (doping, defects, heterojunction surfaces) remains singular and limited in achieving local charge modulation. Surprisingly, lattice distortions induced by high‐entropy engineering can intrinsically regulate local charge states and improve EM wave absorption performances. Herein, a series of selenides with enhanced configuration entropy are designed and prepared to improve polarization loss capacity. Due to the different radii of the mixed ions and the Jahn‐Teller distortion effect, the local charge of the selenides is effectively modulated by the presence of defects and strong lattice distortions inside the lattice. Uneven distribution of charge at defects and formation of boundaries promotes defect‐induced polarization and interface polarization, respectively. Compared to single NiSe2, high‐entropy (NiFeCuCoMn)Se2 with an entropy value of 1.53R has more severe lattice defects and suitable impedance matching properties, exhibiting good EM absorption properties both in the absorption intensity and respond frequency. Tailoring the local charge density via an entropy strategy paves a new way for the high‐performance EM absorption materials.
Decoupling Degradation at the Electrode Interfaces in Prussian White Full Cells
Authors: Misiewicz Casimir , Ulander Alexandra E. , Melin Tim , Hall Aram , Berg Erik J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrussian blue analogues for sodium‐ion battery cathodes are growing in popularity as next‐generation energy storage devices. Prussian White (PW) with formula NaxFe[Fe(CN)6]y•nH2O is leading the trend, having already been commercialized. However, capacity fade (PW/electrolyte degradation) and safety concerns (cyanide/cyanogen release) still raise concerns. Online electrochemical mass spectrometry, supported by both operando Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy, is herein used to analyze degradation processes in PW‐based Na‐ion full cells. Apart from the typical cell formation reactions, hydrogen is observed to evolve during cell discharge and evidenced to stem from oxidation of NaH, accumulated upon charge. Over‐oxidation of PW after full desodiation releases CN, which not only forms (CN)2 but also degrades the electrolyte. Loss of CN likely results in a nanometric (≈4 nm) surface‐reconstructed passivation layer on PW, thus inhibiting further degradation. Fundamental understanding of degradation reactions in PW full‐cells, as gathered herein, shows that the aforementioned capacity fade and safety concerns are wholly addressable and hence guides the further development of Na‐ion batteries for wider ranges of applications.