bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients’ Perception of Health Care Services in Malaria Endemic Area in Mali: Villages with Health Care Services Versus villages Without Health Care Services
Authors: Cherif Mariama Kaba Combasseré- , Sakyi Daniel Amoako- , Maiga Boubacar , Diop Samba , Dolo Amagana , Nébié Issa , -Blomberg Marita Troye 
Published: January 2021

Aims: To assess the distribution of diseases and the reality of health service by taking the patients ‘perception in villages with health center versus those without health center.
Study Design: The assessment of distribution of diseases was done through a retrospective study from January 2010 to October 2011. The patients‘ perception of health care service was done through a prospective descriptive study conducted from September to October 2011.
Methodology: Five hundred fifty eight (558) patients from Bacoumana health district register database were included in the study for the assessment of malaria and other infectious diseases parameters using data already collected and recorded in the register. In additional, 464 adults living for at least 6 months in the rural community of Bancoumana located 60 km from Bamako (the capital of Mali) in the health district of Kati were included in the study during malaria transmission season to check their perception about health care service via the interview technique.
Results: Malaria was the most prevalent disease with 43.4% of cases. Plasmodium falciparum was the most prevalent with 97.6% of malaria cases. There was a statistical significant negative association between age and malaria (P= .007) and respiratory infections (P = .04). The village with health center rated significant interpersonal communication higher than those without health center such as compassion and support patients, reception of patients and quality of clinical examination and diagnosis.
Conclusion: Malaria remain a public health problem especially Plasmodium falciparum, the most parasite causing malaria. The study contributes for better understanding of the behaviors and the relationships between patients and health care service workers, which has a practical value for designing personalized health care services in Mali and provides a more accurate way to reflect public’s opinion in reality of health care service.
Multiomics integrative analysis reveals antagonistic roles of CBX2 and CBX7 in metabolic reprogramming of breast cancer
Authors: Iqbal Mohammad Askandar , Siddiqui Shumaila , Ur Rehman Asad , Siddiqui Farid Ahmad , Singh Prithvi , Kumar Bhupender , Saluja Daman 
Published: January 2021

Striking similarity exists between metabolic changes associated with embryogenesis and tumorigenesis. Chromobox proteins‐CBX2/4/6/7/8, core components of canonical polycomb repressor complex 1, play essential roles in embryonic development and aberrantly expressed in breast cancer. Understanding how altered CBX expression relates to metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer may reveal vulnerabilities of therapeutic pertinence. Using transcriptomic and metabolomic data from breast cancer patients (N > 3000 combined), we performed pathway‐based analysis and identified outstanding roles of CBX2 and CBX7 in positive and negative regulation of glucose metabolism, respectively. Genetic ablation experiments validated the contrasting roles of two isoforms in cancer metabolism and cell growth. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the role of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling in mediating contrary effects of CBX2 and CBX7 on breast cancer metabolism. Underpinning the biological significance of metabolic roles, CBX2 and CBX7 were found to be the most up‐ and downregulated isoforms, respectively, in breast tumors compared with normal tissues. Moreover, CBX2 and CBX7 expression (not other isoforms) correlated strongly, but oppositely, with breast tumor subtype aggressiveness and the proliferation markers. Consistently, genomic data also showed higher amplification frequency of CBX2, not CBX7, in breast tumors. Highlighting the clinical significance of findings, disease‐specific survival and drug sensitivity analysis revealed that CBX2 and CBX7 predicted patient outcome and sensitivity to FDA‐approved/investigational drugs. In summary, this work identifies novel cross talk between CBX2/7 and breast tumor metabolism, and the results presented may have implications in strategies targeting breast cancer.
Socrates (Sokrates)
Authors: Edmunds Lowell 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSocrates was a pivotal figure in the history of western philosophy – the first one who “called philosophy down from the heavens,” turning away from those now called “Presocratics.” Socrates also belongs to the history of Athens in the fifth centurybce. His trial, imprisonment, and execution in 399 form one of its least glorious chapters.
Chalcedon (Chalkedon)
Authors: Cojocaru Victor 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA Megarian colony in Bithynia, Chalcedon was founded in 685bceon the Asian shore at the southern entrance to the Bosphorus. The city vacillated for a long time between the Lacedaemonian and the Athenian interests. Although by the King's Peace of 387/6bceChalcedon fell to Persia, it subsequently enjoyed autonomy. After Alexander the Great, Chalcedon's history was characterized by conflicts with the Bithynians. The privileges of a “free city” were lost under Augustus. The importance of the city for early church history is indicated by the Fourth Ecumenical Council, which was held there in 451ce.
Kyzikos (Cyzicus)
Authors: Cojocaru Victor 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Kyzikos is located at modern Balkiz, on the isthmus of the Kapu Daği Peninsula (ancient Arctonnesos), on the southwestern coast of the Sea of Marmara. On their way to the Euxine, the Milesians established Kyzikos as one of their most important colonies. Throughout antiquity the foundation preserved its Milesian character. At some later date Kyzikos absorbed many other settlements, controlled a large territory inhabited by the indigenous Dolionians, and, like Byzantium, played a key role in the grain trade between Athens and the Pontic world. This last feature did much to contribute to the circulation of the famous Kyzikene electrum staters over a vast area.
Venta Silurum (Caerwent)
Authors: Rogers Adam 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The city of Venta Silurum lies beneath fields and the village of Caerwent in Monmouthshire, South Wales. It is around 14 km east of the legionary fortress of ISCA (Caerleon) on the main road from Glevum (Gloucester) in the territory of the Silures. The name Venta Silurum appears in the Antonine Itinerary, while the seventh‐century Ravenna Cosmography lists Ventasilurum. Motives behind the location of the city are unclear. Although the name Venta may imply a preexisting focus, this has no archaeological support. Iron Age coins are known, but these were probably post‐conquest arrivals.
Pompeii, destruction of
Authors: Scarpati Claudio , Perrotta Annamaria 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

The city of Pompeii was destroyed and buried during the 79
ce
eruption of Vesuvius. According to Pliny the Younger, falling pumice lapilli caused the collapse of many roofs, killing 394 inhabitants, and successive waves of fast pyroclastic currents flattened most of the walls, resulting in at least 650 victims.
Slings, slingers
Authors: Gómez‐Pantoja Joaquín L. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

The sling (
sphendone
,
funda
) is an inexpensive tool made from a leather patch with strings attached on two opposite sides. The most ancient examples were recovered from Egyptian tombs, but it was in use from the Neolithic Age. Hunting was probably its main purpose; it was the Greeks and Romans who turned slingshots into a regular military weapon when they introduced trained soldiers and lead missiles.
Veterinary medicine
Authors: Fischer Klaus‐Dietrich 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn antiquity, specialist practitioners existed for horses and mules, animals of extreme importance for ancient society, economy, and warfare. A sizeable body of writings both in Greek and Latin dealing with their treatment survives from late antiquity. The health of farm animals received less specialized attention and was addressed in agricultural treatises, while works on dogs and falcons only survive from the Middle Ages.
Infiltration of plasma cells in colorectal adenocarcinoma associated with autoimmune encephalitis
Authors: Shu Yaqing , He Dan , Ma Xiaoyu , Li Jianfang , Wu Haotian , Chen Chen , Lu Zhengqi , Petersen Frank , Qiu Wei , Yu Xinhua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractParaneoplastic autoimmune encephalitis (PAE) represents a group of rare neurological syndromes associated with neoplastic diseases. Here, we report a case that multiple anti‐neuronal antibodies were present in a patient with PAE who developed both small cell lung cancer and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the immunopathological investigation of the colorectal adenocarcinoma revealed the formation of abnormal neuronal antigens and a massive infiltration of plasma cells in the tumor tissue. These findings support the hypothesis that expression of neuronal antigens in neoplasm initiates autoimmune responses in PAE.
Solutions to the Drawbacks of Photothermal and Photodynamic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Deng Xiangyu , Shao Zengwu , Zhao Yanli 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPhototherapy such as photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment has been developed quickly over the past few years for its noninvasive nature and high efficiency. However, there are still many drawbacks in phototherapy that prevent it from clinical applications. Thus, scientists have designed different systems to overcome the issues associated with phototherapy, including enhancing the targeting ability of phototherapy, low‐temperature photothermal therapy, replacing near‐infrared light with other excitation sources, and so on. This article discusses the problems and shortcomings encountered in the development of phototherapy and highlights possible solutions to address them so that phototherapy may become a useful cancer treatment approach in clinical practice. This article aims to give a brief summary about current research advancements in phototherapy research and provides a quick guideline toward future developments in the field.
Virtual and real assessment of a wide antral ablated region in atrial fibrillation patients using the hot balloon system
Authors: Fukuda Reiko , Nakahara Shiro , Sato Hirotsugu , Nishiyama Naoki , Hori Yuichi , Taguchi Isao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe hot balloon system has become widely used for atrial fibrillation ablation and also has software for preoperative computer simulation. The computer model may be useful for predicting the extent of a wide planar ablation region in the left atrium.
Advances in Post‐Combustion CO2Capture by Physical Adsorption: From Materials Innovation to Separation Practice
Authors: Liu Ru‐Shuai , Shi Xiao‐Dong , Wang Cheng‐Tong , Gao Yu‐Zhou , Xu Shuang , Hao Guang‐Ping , Chen Shaoyun , Lu An‐Hui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe atmospheric CO2concentration continues a rapid increase to its current record high value of 416 ppm for the time being. It calls for advanced CO2capture technologies. One of the attractive technologies is physical adsorption‐based separation, which shows easy regeneration and high cycle stability, and thus reduced energy penalties and cost. The extensive research on this topic is evidenced by the growing body of scientific and technical literature. The progress spans from the innovation of novel porous adsorbents to practical separation practices. Major CO2capture materials include the most widely used industrially relevant porous carbons, zeolites, activated alumina, mesoporous silica, and the newly emerging metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent‐organic framework (COFs). The key intrinsic properties such as pore structure, surface chemistry, preferable adsorption sites, and other structural features that would affect CO2capture capacity, selectivity, and recyclability are first discussed. The industrial relevant variables such as particle size of adsorbents, the mechanical strength, adsorption heat management, and other technological advances are equally important, even more crucial when scaling up from bench and pilot‐scale to demonstration and commercial scale. Therefore, we aim to bring a full picture of the adsorption‐based CO2separation technologies, from adsorbent design, intrinsic property evaluation to performance assessment not only under ideal equilibrium conditions but also in realistic pressure swing adsorption processes.
Energy‐Efficient Synthesis and High Thermoelectric Performance of α‐Cu2−ySe1−xTex
Authors: Lin Fei‐Hung , Liu Chia‐Jyi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe high‐temperature phase of β‐Cu2Se always appears as the major phase for the reaction carried out using chemical solution methods. Here, a procedure was developed that could fabricate a single phase of α‐Cu2Se1−xTex (x=0.02 and 0.04) by room‐temperature aqueous synthesis using NaBH4 as reducing agent followed by cold pressing and sintering at 650 °C for 6 h in a flowing gas mixture of 20 % H2 and 80 % N2. The energy‐efficient synthesis carried out at room temperature abides by the 6th principle for green chemistry with less energy consumption. The reaction mechanism was studied, and evidence was provided of α‐Cu2Se being formed via the reaction between elemental Cu and Se atoms at room temperature. The resulting materials were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, thermoelectric transport measurements, and Hall measurements. Cu1.96Se0.96Te0.04 had the highest power factor of 11 μW cm−1 K−2 at 818 K, and Cu2Se0.96Te0.04 had the maximum zT≥1.4 at T≥920 K among this series of materials.
Xenopus epidermal and endodermal epithelia as models for mucociliary epithelial evolution, disease, and metaplasia
Authors: Walentek Peter 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThe Xenopus embryonic epidermis is a powerful model to study mucociliary biology, development, and disease. Particularly, the Xenopus system is being used to elucidate signaling pathways, transcription factor functions, and morphogenetic mechanisms regulating cell fate specification, differentiation and cell function. Thereby, Xenopus research has provided significant insights into potential underlying molecular mechanisms for ciliopathies and chronic airway diseases. Recent studies have also established the embryonic epidermis as a model for mucociliary epithelial remodeling, multiciliated cell trans‐differentiation, cilia loss, and mucus secretion. Additionally, the tadpole foregut epithelium is lined by a mucociliary epithelium, which shows remarkable features resembling mammalian airway epithelia, including its endodermal origin and a variable cell type composition along the proximal–distal axis. This review aims to summarize the advantages of the Xenopus epidermis for mucociliary epithelial biology and disease modeling. Furthermore, the potential of the foregut epithelium as novel mucociliary model system is being highlighted. Additional perspectives are presented on how to expand the range of diseases that can be modeled in the frog system, including proton pump inhibitor‐associated pneumonia as well as metaplasia in epithelial cells of the airway and the gastroesophageal region.
Seismic response calculation method and shaking table test of horizontal storage tanks under lateral excitation
Authors: Lyu Yuan , Sun Jiangang , Sun Zongguang , Cui Lifu , Wang Zhen 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThis article aims to propose analytical solutions to calculate the seismic response of horizontal storage tanks under lateral excitation. First, based on the potential fluid theory and appropriate boundary conditions, analytical solutions for seismic response calculations were derived. This method can calculate the dynamic response time series of fluid pressure, fluid sloshing, base shear, and bending moment. Based on this, this study further derived the stress expressions of the tank wall and saddle. Subsequently, we performed a shaking table test of the horizontal storage tank under lateral seismic excitation. The results showed that the analytical solutions were in good agreement with the experimental results. The maximum percentage difference did not exceed 15%, thereby verifying the reliability of the analytical solutions.
Serum Bile Acid, Vitamin E, and Serotonin Metabolites Are Associated With Future Liver‐Related Events in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Wegermann Kara , Howe Catherine , Henao Ricardo , Wang Ying , Guy Cynthia D. , Abdelmalek Manal F. , Diehl Anna Mae , Moylan Cynthia A. 
Published: January 2021

Identifying patients at higher risk for poor outcomes from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains challenging. Metabolomics, the comprehensive measurement of small molecules in biological samples, has the potential to reveal novel noninvasive biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine if serum metabolite profiles in patients with NAFLD associate with future liver‐related events. We performed a retrospective single‐center cohort study of 187 participants with biopsy‐proven NAFLD. Metabolomic analysis was performed on serum using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. We identified liver‐related events (variceal bleeding, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatopulmonary or hepatorenal syndrome) by manual chart review between index biopsy (2007‐2013) and April 1, 2018. Generalized linear models and Cox proportional hazards models were used to test the association of metabolites with liver‐related events and time to first liver‐related event, controlling for covariates and fibrosis stage. Over a mean ± SD follow‐up of 6.9 ± 3.2 years, 11 participants experienced 22 liver‐related events. Generalized linear models revealed 53 metabolites significantly associated with liver‐related events (P < 0.05). In Cox proportional hazards modeling, 69 metabolites were significantly associated with time to future liver‐related events (P < 0.05), seven of which met the false discovery rate threshold of 0.10: vitamin E metabolites gamma‐carboxyethyl‐hydroxychroman (gamma‐CEHC) and gamma‐CEHC glucuronide; primary bile acid metabolite taurochenodeoxycholate; serotonin metabolite 5‐hydroxyindoleacetate; and lipid metabolites (i) 2‐hydroxyglutarate, (ii) 3beta,17beta‐diol disulfate 1, and (iii) eicosenoyl sphingomyelin. Conclusion: Metabolites of a primary bile acid, vitamin E, and serotonin were associated with future liver‐related events. Our results suggest metabolite pathways may be useful for predicting which patients with NAFLD are at higher risk for hepatic decompensation.
A study to identify limitations of existing automated systems to detect glaucoma at initial and curable stage
Authors: Khalil Tehmina , Akram Muhammad Usman , Khalid Samina , Dar Saadat Hanif , Ali Nouman 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGlaucoma ocular disease is the second topmost reason for irreversible visual impairment around the world. This malady can be cured and permanent blindness can be prevented by timely diagnosis and treatment. This study is an attempt to analyse the current status of automated glaucoma diagnosis systems. Existing systems have been analysed on the base of ophthalmic imaging technology, capability to detect glaucoma at initial or latter stages, detection strategy and performance. Analysis revealed several research gaps mainly in automated glaucoma detection based on Fundus and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) ophthalmic imaging technologies. More accurate diagnosis of glaucoma at early and curable stages is possible by bridging the identified gaps.
Group delay modulation based on multimode electromagnetically induced transparency
Authors: Chen Zhe , Lin Xianqi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe group delay of passband window plays an important role in the wireless system. Here we propose a controllable group delay structure based on the multimode electromagnetically induced transparency in a closed waveguide system, which is realized by trapping three “dark” modes with high Q‐factors into one “bright” mode with low Q‐factor. Three transparent windows with three discrete peaks of group delay are obtained, whose bandwidth can be adjusted by changing the Q‐factor of each “dark” mode, and then the controllable group delay can be further achieved. Three samples with different distributions of group delay are fabricated and tested. Good agreement between simulated and measured results are presented. The proposed method and structures contribute to the design of passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, sensors, multimode filters, slow light components, and novel group‐delay modulator.
Uncertainty‐oriented double‐scale topology optimization with macroreliability limitation and micromanufacturing control
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhao Xingyu , Liu Dongliang , Chen Xiao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article proposes an uncertainty‐oriented double‐scale topology optimization method considering macroreliability limitation and micromanufacturing control. The procedure combines the homogenization method to solve the equivalent elastic property of the microstructure, the feature distance theory to evaluate reliability, a density projection for manufacturability control, and the solid isotropic material with penalization model to suppress intermediate density. To coupling the micro–macro scale, the equivalent elastic property of the cell microstructure is evaluated by the numerical homogenization method and then endowed to the macroelement for finite element analysis. Uncertainty factors existed in optimization parameters are evaluated by the interval convex set model. By utilizing the interval parameter vertex method and the feature distance theory, the reliability of displacement constraint in the optimization model is evaluated and constrained. In terms of length scale control, the microdensity design variables are projected by a threshold function to obtain a clear microstructure that satisfies the preset minimum length scale constraint. Finally, three numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effect of micromanufacturing control, as well as the necessity of considering parameter uncertainty.
THE DETERRENT EFFECT OF SURVEILLANCE CAMERAS ON CRIME
Authors: Gómez Santiago , Mejía Daniel , Tobón Santiago 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFrom the U.S. to Colombia to China, millions of public surveillance cameras are at the core of crime prevention strategies. Yet, we know little about the effects of surveillance cameras on criminal behavior, especially in developing economies. We study an installation program in Medellín and find that the quasi‐random allocation of cameras led to a decrease in crimes and arrests. With no increase in the monitoring capacity and no chance to use camera footage in prosecution, these results suggest offenders were deterred rather than incapacitated. We test for spillovers and find no evidence of crime displacement or diffusion of benefits to surrounding locations.