bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An online cognitive authentication and trust evaluation application programming interface for cognitive security gateway based on distributed massive Internet of Things network
Authors: Chen Hsing‐Chung , Yang Wei‐Ju , Chou Chao‐Lung 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs the number of Internet of massive Things (IoT) applications grows in vehicles, factory machinery, smart buildings, and city infrastructure, a secure and automated solution of enabling a mesh network for transactional processes is a significant demand. However, the trust evaluation among those unknown IoT devices which communicate to each other are still the high demand in distributed massive IoT network. In this paper, an online cognitive authentication and trust evaluation decision application programming interface (API) for Cognitive Security Gateway (CSG) based on distributed massive IoT network is proposed. The online cognitive security APIs consisting of cognitive authentication sub‐API, cognitive trust evaluation sub‐API and cognitive authorization sub‐API are designed for distributed massive IoT applications. The modified electronic product code (EPC) Class1Gen2 tags generated by CSG server is and proposed to be the online identity for the system used. Moreover, both the security analyses and trust evaluations for the CSG are discussed. Finally, the proposed system is shown that it is an appropriate solution for solving the online authentication problem in distributed cognitive IoT network.
Cytohistopathologic correlation of ovarian mesonephric‐like carcinoma and female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin
Authors: Qazi Muhammad , Movahedi‐Lankarani Saeid , Wang Brant G 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecently we encountered two cases with mesonephric features, mesonephric‐like carcinoma (MLC) of the ovary, and female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO). They are thought to be related to mesonephric remnants (or Wolffian duct remnants). Herein we describe the cytohistolgical features, differential diagnoses, and potential pitfalls in diagnosis of these neoplasms. On cytological examination, the case of MLC showed tight 3‐dimensional clusters of overlapping round cells, corresponding to solid growth pattern seen on histological examination. Tubular architecture and papillary formations composed of neoplastic cells of medium size with scant cytoplasm were readily identified. Intraluminal eosinophilic secretions were better seen on histological examination. Additionally, areas resembling features of papillary thyroid carcinoma were noted. Mitoses and apoptotic bodies were not identified on cytology but seen on histological sections. The neoplastic cells were positive for CK7, CD10, PAX‐8, TTF‐1, and GATA‐3, and negative for ER, PR, and WT‐1 immunostains. In contrast to MLC, cytological examination of FATWO showed smaller oval to spindle monotonous cells without mitotic figures. Some cells contained paranuclear vacuoles and were arranged individually or in loose cohesive clusters. Other cells were closely associated with pericellular hyalinized basement membrane‐like material and they were arranged in cohesive clusters as well. On histological examination, similar to MLC, the FATWO had areas with thyroid‐like features, such as, intraluminal eosinophilic secretions, paranuclear vacuoles, in the background of collagenous stroma. The neoplastic cells were positive for CK AE1/AE3, calretinin, WT‐1, inhibin, and CD10, and negative for CK7, PAX‐8, GATA‐3, ER, PR, and C‐kit immunostains.
Environment‐induced changes in reproductive strategies and their transgenerational effects in the three‐spined stickleback
Authors: Álvarez‐Quintero Náyade , Velando Alberto , Noguera Jose C. , Kim Sin‐Yeon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn organism may increase its fitness by changing its reproductive strategies in response to environmental cues, but the possible consequences of those changes for the next generation have rarely been explored. By using an experiment on the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), we studied how changes in the onset of breeding photoperiod (early versus late) affect reproductive strategies of males and females, and life histories of their offspring. We also explored whether telomeres are involved in the within‐ and transgenerational effects. In response to the late onset of breeding photoperiod, females reduced their investment in the early clutches, but males increased their investment in sexual signals. Costs of increased reproductive investment in terms of telomere loss were evident only in the late females. The environmentally induced changes in reproductive strategies affected offspring growth and survival. Most notably, offspring growth rate was the fastest when both parents experienced a delayed (i.e., late) breeding photoperiod, and survival rate was the highest when both parents experienced an advanced (i.e., early) breeding photoperiod. There was no evidence of transgenerational effects on offspring telomere length despite positive parents–offspring relationships in this trait. Our results highlight that environmental changes may impact more than one generation by altering reproductive strategies of seasonal breeders with consequences for offspring viability.
Habitat selection by a threatened desert amphibian
Authors: Hinderer Ross K. , Litt Andrea R. , McCaffery Magnus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHabitat degradation and fragmentation are major drivers of amphibian declines. The loss of environmental features that allow for movement between water sources may be particularly detrimental for amphibians in arid environments. Climate changes will increase the importance of microhabitats to amphibians. Enhancing areas to facilitate movement may be a necessary conservation strategy for many animal species that depend on wetlands, including federally threatened Chiricahua leopard frogs (Lithobates chiricahuensis). Habitat preferences of this frog species are not well understood. We sought to better understand fine‐scale habitat selection, to inform conservation of Chiricahua leopard frogs.We conducted our study on the Ladder Ranch, a privately owned working bison ranch in New Mexico, USA that supports a large proportion of the remaining Chiricahua leopard frogs in the state.We attached radio transmitters to 44 frogs during summer 2014. We located each frog daily for up to 8 weeks (median = 30 days). We assessed fine‐scale habitat selection by comparing characteristics at each frog location and a random location 5 m away using conditional logistic regression.Frogs preferred features that likely reduce desiccation, even after accounting for the presence of water. Frogs selected areas with more low‐lying cover, especially aquatic vegetation and woody debris, a tree overstory, and a mud substrate.We recommend managing potential movement corridors for Chiricahua leopard frogs by ensuring the presence of muddy creek bottoms, woody debris, riparian overstory, low‐lying ground cover, and pools. Microclimates created by these features seem especially valuable given warming temperatures and modified precipitation regimes, resulting in decreased surface water, soil moisture, and vegetation cover. Retaining or creating preferred habitat features and microclimates in areas between water sources may increase connectivity among isolated populations of Chiricahua leopard frogs and could improve persistence and recovery of other water‐obligate species in arid landscapes.
Assessment of renewable energy transition in Moroccan electricity sector using a system dynamics approach
Authors: Chentouf Mohammed , Allouch Mohamed 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMorocco is one of the major importers of conventional fuels in the MENA region. In fact, ensuring energy security in the western kingdom is placing a heavy burden on economic balances, while generating many environmental impacts and social discrepancies. The local government has been striving to reduce its GHG emissions coming mainly from activities related to the field of energy harvesting. The current research work aims to evaluate technical, economic, social, and environmental impacts of the ongoing transition toward renewable energy (RE) deployment in Morocco. We used the system dynamics approach in order to study different interactions of the components of the Moroccan electricity sector and their behaviors on this complex system under various scenarios. The results showed that 35 MtCO2 of avoided emissions can be ensured up to 2030 if renewable installed capacity reaches 15.72 GW by the same year. On the other hand, demand is estimated to be reduced by almost 30 TWh if robust measures were taken turning the country into an electricity exporter of up to 8.67 TWh by 2030. Finally, while research and development activities are expected to decrease RE plants construction costs by almost 700 million USD, nearly 448.986 renewable jobs can be created by 2030.
MoO2/C hybrid synthesized by a facile molten‐salt‐assisted approach for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Gao Shasha , Tang Yakun , Zhao Hongyang , Liu Lang , Gu Yahong , Sheng Rui 
Published: December 2020

SummaryTo combat the serious agglomeration and growth of the active materials, huge volume expansion and sluggish kinetics of metal oxides in the process of Li+ insertion/extraction, constructing hybrid nanostructures aiming to anchor active materials has been pursued. However, it is still limited in terms of capacity decay and complex preparation process. Herein, the hybrid MoO2/C is synthesized through a novel molten‐salt‐assisted approach, in which isolated small MoO2 nanoparticles were anchored on the well‐developed coal‐based porous carbon framework. The novel MoO2/C electrodes demonstrate enhanced electrochemical performance as Li+ battery anodes with a higher capacity of 960 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1, which is attributed to the synergistic effect for the uniform dispersion of MoO2 nanoparticles and coal‐based porous carbon layer with abundant active contact sites, which is better by far than the currently reported MoO2‐based electrode. Meanwhile, the hybrid MoO2/C exhibited improved extrinsic capacitive characteristics. Therefore, the hybrid MoO2/C constructed by the simple low cost strategy can be a prospective Li‐ion battery anode.
Factors associated with the choice of primary treatment at the community level among the middle‐aged and elderly in China
Authors: Tao Tiantian , Hou Lili , Shao Rong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAs China is still in the process of establishing the hierarchical medical system, people have full autonomy in choosing medical institutions when they need to see a doctor. The basic working of a hierarchical medical system involves four parts: primary treatment at the community level, two‐way referral, a partition of emergency and chronic disease, and a joint effort among different healthcare facilities. This study examines factors associated with primary healthcare use in a middle‐aged and elderly Chinese population.MethodsOur study is a cross‐sectional and observational survey involving 1659 adults aged 45 and above. The data are from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. According to the Andersen behavioral model, we used logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of healthcare services utilization, including predisposing, enabling, and need factors. We also compared the relative importance of factors to healthcare services utilization by analysis of variance.ResultsDuring the recently 1‐month period, 63.89% of the sample had their last visit to a primary healthcare facility. In the final logistic model, there were three predisposing characteristics (education level, children number, and work status), three enabling factors (household status, out‐of‐pocket expenses, and travel time to the healthcare facilities), and one need factor (three specific chronic diseases) were significantly associated with primary healthcare use. Having received more education, taking more travel time to the healthcare facility, paying more out‐of‐pocket expenses, and having heart problems were associated with a lower probability of choosing the primary healthcare facility. However, having more children, being still at work, with agricultural household status, diabetes, and arthritis were associated with a higher likelihood of having primary healthcare facility visits. Among all the factors, the three most powerful determinants were out‐of‐pocket expenses, travel time to the healthcare facility, and education.ConclusionsPolicymakers need to consider these factors when improving the system of primary treatment at the community level, including improving reimbursement policy to distinguish the payment standard between hospitals and primary healthcare facilities.
Hypophosphatasia: A Case of Two Patients With Spinal Cord Compression From Increase in Ligamentous Ossifications During Treatment
Authors: Laroche Michel , Couture Guillaume , Faruch Marie , Ruyssen‐Witrand Adeline , Porquet‐Bordes Valérie , Salles Jean Pierre , Degboe Yannick 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTTreatment with asfotase alfa has transformed the prognosis of hypophosphatasia in children and improves the bone and muscle signs in adults. The doses used in adults are the same as in children, whereas bone remodeling is different between them. We report on the cases of two patients treated with 1 mg/kg/day of asfotase alfa who developed spinal cord compression from spinal ossifications during treatment. The first patient, 50 years old, presented after 2 years of treatment with quadraparesis secondary to an increase in ossifications of the cervical vertebral ligaments. The neurological damage was resolved after laminectomy, and the patient was then treated for 18 months with doses of 80 mg per week, without recurrence of the bone and muscle signs. The second patient, 26 years old, 78 kg, developed pain and cervical stiffness with pyramidal tract irritation secondary to ossifications of the vertebral ligaments. This improved with a reduction of doses to 80 mg/week, which then, after 6 months of follow‐up, enabled maintained improvement of the bone and muscle pain that was initially obtained. To our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of increased spinal ligamentous ossifications with neurological complications. Biological monitoring in adults does not seem to enable asfotase alfa doses to be adjusted. The levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) while on the recommended treatment of 1 mg/kg/day are significantly supraphysiological (5000 to 20,000 IU) and the assays of pyrophosphate and pyridoxal phosphate are not correlated with clinical efficacy. In both of our patients, the treatment with 80 mg of asfotase alfa per week, which was proposed after the occurrence of spinal complications, seemed as effective, after a follow‐up of 18 months and 6 months, as the initial treatment for improving the bone and muscle signs, and could be provided as “attack” doses after healing of the pseudoarthroses. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Low‐Dose Tamoxifen Induces Significant Bone Formation in Mice
Authors: Xie Zhihui , McGrath Cody , Sankaran Jeyantt , Styner Maya , Little‐Letsinger Sarah , Dudakovic Amel , van Wijnen Andre J , Rubin Janet , Sen Buer 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTUse of the selective estrogen receptor modulator Tamoxifen (TAM) is a mainstay to induce conditional expression of Cre recombinase in transgenic laboratory mice. To excise β‐cateninfl/fl in 28‐day‐old male and female Prrx1‐CreER/β‐cateninfl/fl mice (C57BL/6), we utilized TAM at 150 mg/kg; despite β‐catenin knockout in MSC, we found a significant increase in trabecular and cortical bone volume in all genders. Because TAM was similarly anabolic in KO and control mice, we investigated a dose effect on bone formation by treating wild‐type mice (WT C57BL/6, 4 weeks) with TAM (total dose 0, 20, 40, 200 mg/kg via four injections). TAM increased bone in a dose‐dependent manner analyzed by micro–computed tomography (μCT), which showed that, compared to control, 20 mg/kg TAM increased femoral bone volume fraction (bone volume/total volume [BV/TV]) (21.6% ± 1.5% to 33% ± 2.5%; 153%, p < 0.005). With TAM 40 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, BV/TV increased to 48.1% ± 4.4% (223%, p < 0.0005) and 58% ± 3.8% (269%, p < 0.0001) respectively, compared to control. Osteoblast markers increased with 200 mg/kg TAM: Dlx5 (224%, p < 0.0001), Alp (166%, p < 0.0001), Bglap (223%, p < 0.0001), and Sp7 (228%, p < 0.0001). Osteoclasts per bone surface (Oc#/BS) nearly doubled at the lowest TAM dose (20 mg/kg), but decreased to <20% control with 200 mg/kg TAM. Our data establish that use of TAM at even very low doses to excise a floxed target in postnatal mice has profound effects on trabecular and cortical bone formation. As such, TAM treatment is a major confounder in the interpretation of bone phenotypes in conditional gene knockout mouse models. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Surface modifications affect iron oxide nanoparticles' biodistribution after multiple‐dose administration in rats
Authors: Fahmy Heba M. , Abd El‐Daim Taiseer M. , Ali Omnia A. , Hassan Asmaa A. , Mohammed Faten F. , Fathy Mohamed M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) possess many utilizable physical and chemical properties and have an acceptable level of biocompatibility. Therefore, they are extensively used in different medical applications. Hence, the challenge is to modify the surfaces of prepared iron oxide nanoformulations with a biocompatible coat to enhance their biosafety. In this study, different formulations of IONPs with different capping agents (citrate [Cit‐IONPs], curcumin [Cur‐IONPs], and chitosan [CS‐IONPs]) were prepared and characterized using various physicochemical techniques. The biodistribution of iron and the histopathology of affected tissues were assessed after Cit‐IONPs, Cur‐IONPs, CS‐IONPs, and commercial ferrous sulfate were orally administered to adult female Wistar rats for 10 consecutive days at a dose of 4 mg/kg of body weight/day. The results were compared with a control group injected orally with saline. The iron content in the kidneys, liver, and spleen was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Histopathological alterations were also examined. The biodistribution results demonstrate that iron accumulated mainly in the liver tissue, whereas the lowest liver accumulation was observed after the administration of Cit‐IONPs or CS‐IONPs, respectively. In contrast, the administration of CS‐IONPs displayed the highest spleen iron accumulation. The ferrous sulfate (FeSO4)‐treated group showed the highest kidney iron accumulation as compared with the other groups. The histopathological examination revealed that signs of toxicity were predominant for groups treated with Cit‐IONPs or commercial FeSO4. However, Cur‐IONPs and CS‐IONPs showed mild toxicity when administered at the same doses. The results obtained in the present study will provide insights into the expected in vivo effects after administration of each nanoformulation.
Self‐injury recovery: A person‐centered framework
Authors: Lewis Stephen P. , Hasking Penelope A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGrowing interest has been paid to the concept of non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) recovery. In research, and sometimes clinical practice, the focus has been on NSSI cessation, with recovery operationalised with reference to the time since someone last self‐injured. Yet, perspectives from people with lived experience of NSSI indicate that recovery is much more complex. Drawing on recent empirical work, and the voices of people with lived experience of NSSI, we outline a new framework for conceptualizing NSSI recovery. We argue that recovery is nonlinear and multifaceted, comprising: Realistic Expectations and Setbacks; Normalizing Thoughts and Urges; Fostering Self‐efficacy; Identifying Strengths; Finding Alternatives; Addressing Underlying Adversities; Addressing and Accepting Scarring; Navigating Disclosures; and Self‐acceptance. In presenting research and clinical implications of this new framework, we propose that this framing offers a more complete understanding of NSSI recovery—one conducive to optimizing wellbeing and promoting resilience among individuals with lived experience.
Ivermectin inhibits extracellular vesicle secretion from parasitic nematodes
Authors: Loghry Hannah J. , Yuan Wang , Zamanian Mostafa , Wheeler Nicolas J. , Day Timothy A. , Kimber Michael J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLymphatic filariasis (LF) is a disease caused by parasitic filarial nematodes that is endemic in 49 countries of the world and affects or threatens over 890 million people. Strategies to control LF rely heavily on mass administration of anthelmintic drugs including ivermectin (IVM), a macrocyclic lactone drug considered an Essential Medicine by the WHO. However, despite its widespread use the therapeutic mode of action of IVM against filarial nematodes is not clear. We have previously reported that filarial nematodes secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) and that their cargo has immunomodulatory properties. Here we investigate the effects of IVM and other anti‐filarial drugs on parasitic nematode EV secretion, motility, and protein secretion. We show that inhibition of EV secretion was a specific property of IVM, which had consistent and significant inhibitory effects across nematode life stages and species, with the exception of male parasites. IVM inhibited EV secretion, but not parasite motility, at therapeutically relevant concentrations. Protein secretion was inhibited by IVM in the microfilariae stage, but not in any other stage tested. Our data provides evidence that inhibiting the secretion of immunomodulatory EVs by parasitic nematodes could explain, at least in part, IVM mode of action and provides a phenotype for novel drug discovery.
Liquid biopsy for disease monitoring after anti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Maluquer Clara , Bellosillo Beatriz , Mussetti Alberto , Domingo‐Domènech Eva , Parody Rocío , Fernández‐Ibarrondo Lierni , Velasco Roser , Moreno‐González Gabriel , Sanz Gabriela , Cortés Montserrat , Sureda Anna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesChimeric antigen receptor T cells (CARTs) against CD19 antigen represent an effective therapy for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (rrDLBCL). There is no diagnostic test able to predict which patients with residual disease will relapse from those that will reach a delayed complete response. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan (PET‐CT) is characterized by a significant number of false positive results after immunotherapy. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may be a good‐useful tool to quantify minimal residual disease and for monitoring disease response.MethodsWe present a patient with DLBCL treated with CART cells in which we tested the combined use of ctDNA and PET‐CT scan.ResultsDisease reassessment with PET‐CT scan showed a partial remission (3 weeks) and a very good partial remission (2 months). A clinical progression at 3 months was confirmed with PET‐CT scan. Levels of ctDNA progressively decreased and became undetectable. An initial increase in KMT2D p.E4385G variant allele frequency confirmed disease progression.ConclusionsOur case shows how the complementary use of ctDNA and PET‐CT scan could be a helpful tool in the clinical management of these patients.