bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous plasma versus fetal calf serum as a supplement for the culture of neutrophils.
Authors: Alipour Razieh , Fatemi Alimohammad , Alsahebfosul Fereshteh , Andalib Alireza , Pourazar Abbasali 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective Currently the replacement of fetal calf serum (FCS) by a more suitable alternative is a sought aim in the field of tissue and cell culture research. Autologous plasma (AP) and especially autologous serum (AS) have been shown to be effective substitutes of FCS in culture media for some of cell types. Nevertheless, there is no comparative data on the most appropriate supplement for cell media in neutrophil studies, it is now unclear whether AP have relatively an equal, superior or inferior performance to FCS in neutrophil cell culture. In the present study, human blood neutrophils were isolated and cultured in FCS- or AP-supplemented medium. After 12, 36 and 60 hours of incubation, cell viability, oxidative burst and CD11b expression were determined by flow cytometry.Results Compared to the culture of neutrophils in FCS 10% medium, the culture of neutrophils in a medium with AP 10% could prolong their life span without affecting their function. The findings introduce AP as a better supplement for human neutrophil cell culture than FCS and propose a simple and economical procedure for neutrophil isolation and culture.
The association between symptoms of depression during pregnancy and low birth weight:a prospective study
Authors: Li Xiu xiu , Gao Rui , Dai Xiaowei , Liu Hong , Zhang Jinxin , Liu Xuemei , Si Dongmei , Deng Te , Xia Wei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives Most studies have showed that maternal depression is associated with pregnancy complications. However, there were limited evidences in Chinese population. We examined the associations of the antenatal depression symptoms with pregnancy outcomes, especially for low birth weight. Methods A total of 1377 singleton pregnant women were recruited from Nanshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen in this prospective cohort study. Depression symptoms were assessed by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) questionnaire in the second trimester of gestation; cut-points for the indication of antenatal depression were ≥12 scores in this study. Sociodemographic data, life-style and pregnancy outcomes were collected through Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare database. The risks of adverse outcomes in patients with depression were determined by multivariate logistic regression and represented as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Of the 1377 subjects, the prevalence of antenatal depression was 19.1%. The EPDS scores were 13.8±2.0 and 6.5±2.9 ( P <0.001) in subjects with and without antenatal depression, respectively. After adjustment for maternal age, education, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), residential area, fetal gender, an EPDS score≥12 (versus. <12) was associated with an increased risk for low birth weight (odds ratio: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.12-4.64), but not for preterm birth, large for gestational age, small for gestational age and macrosomia. Conclusion Pregnant women presenting antenatal depressive symptoms are at elevated risk of low birth weight. Mental health problems of pregnancy should be addressed for the prevention of low birth weight.
Slower, shorter, sadder: A qualitative study exploring how dog walks change when the canine participant develops osteoarthritis
Authors: Belshaw Zoe , Asher Lucy , Dean Rachel S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Dog walking may have multiple physical and mental health advantages, but not all dog owners appear to benefit. Dog health is a described barrier to dog walking activity, but specific causes and impacts of reduced exercise in owners of dogs with health problems have not previously been reported. The current study used a qualitative methodology to explore the impact of canine osteoarthritis on dog walking activity. Methods: Owners of dogs with osteoarthritis living in the United Kingdom (UK) were recruited through veterinary practices for semi-structured interview about life with an osteoarthritic dog. Participants were asked to reflect on walks that they had taken with their dog before he/she developed osteoarthritis, and to describe how those walks had changed. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was used to construct key themes. Results: Forty owners of 35 osteoarthritic dogs were interviewed. Prior to their dog’s development of osteoarthritis, dog walking distance, speed and location were usually decided by the owner to satisfy the needs and enjoyment of dog and walker. A diagnosis of canine osteoarthritis led to both dogs and their owners altering the walks undertaken. Walks were typically slower, shorter and limited to locations where physical infrastructure, underfoot surface and gradients were perceived by the owner to be navigable by their dog. Most owners did not go on additional walks without their dog due to feelings of guilt and because walking without a dog was less enjoyable. Many owners described negative effects on their own physical health and diminished enjoyment of walking as a result of their dog’s condition. Conclusion: Our research suggests that osteoarthritic dogs may reduce the walking exercise their owners are able or willing to undertake. Since osteoarthritis is a common condition in older dogs, this is an important finding for those advocating dog ownership as a positive public health intervention. Strategies may be needed to ensure that owners of dogs that develop physical incapacities can continue to enjoy the health benefits they previously associated with dog walking. Future studies investigating dog walking activity should ensure that the health status of the dog has been considered.
Comparison of Sequential, Delayed and Simultaneous Resection Strategies for Synchronous Colorectal Liver Metastases
Authors: Wang Li-Jun , Wang Hong-Wei , Jin Ke-Min , Li Juan , Xing Bao-Cai 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to compare the perioperative safety and long-term survival of patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases undergoing sequential resection (SeR), delayed resection (DeR) and simultaneous resection (SiR). Methods: From January 2007 to December 2016, data from patients undergoing surgery at Peking University Cancer Hospital for synchronous colorectal liver metastases were retrospectively collected. The above three different surgical strategies were compared. Results: A total of 233 cases were included, with 49 in the SeR group, 98 in the DeR group and 86 in the SiR group. The incidence of severe complications was 26.7% in the SiR group, higher than that in the DeR group (11.2%, P = 0.007) and the SeR group (16.3%, P =0.166). The overall survival at 1 and 3 years in the SeR group (93.9% and 50.1%) was lower than that in the DeR group (94.9% and 64.8%, P = 0.019), but not significantly different from that in the SiR group (93.0% and 55.2%, P = 0.378). Recurrence-free survival at 1 and 3 years in the SeR group (22.4% and 18.4%) was lower than that in the DeR group (43.9% and 24.2%, P = 0.033) but not significantly different from that in the SiR group (31.4% and 19.6%, P = 0.275). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that T4, lymph node-positive primary tumour, liver metastases >30 mm and SiR (compared with DeR) were correlated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Simultaneous resection has a relatively higher incidence of severe complications, and with a staged resection strategy, the prognosis of delayed resection was better than that of sequential resection.
Association of CYP2A6 gene deletion with cancers in Japanese elderly: an autopsy study
Authors: Abudushataer Maidina , Sato Noriko , Mieno Makiko , Sawabe Motoji , Muramatsu Masaaki , Arai Tomio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background CYP2A6 is an enzyme involved in oxidation of a number of environmental chemicals, including nicotine, pro-carcinogenic nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The whole gene deletion of CYP2A6 (CYP2A6*4) is prevalent in East Asian population. Whether or not CYP2A6*4 associates with cancer is still controversial. Methods We undertook an association study to determine whether deletion of CYP2A6 gene associates with total cancer and major cancer types employing data of consecutive autopsy cases registered in the Japanese single-nucleotide polymorphisms for geriatric research (JG-SNP) database. The presence of cancer were inspected at the time of autopsy and pathologically confirmed. Genotyping for CYP2A6 wild type (W) and deletion (D) was done by allele specific RT-PCR method. Results Among 1373 subjects, the genotype frequency for WW, WD and DD were 65.0%, 30.6% and 4.4%, respectively, which obeyed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Association for total cancer presence, as well as major cancers including gastric, lung, colorectal, and blood cancers did not show any positive association. When male and female were separately analyzed, CYP2A6 deletion associated with decreased gastric cancer risk in female (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.25-0.95, p=0.021, after adjustment for age, smoking and drinking). When smoker and non-smoker were separately analyzed, CYP2A6 deletion associated with decreased total cancer in female nonsmokers (OR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.45-0.99, p=0.041 after adjustment). On the other hand, CYP2A6 deletion associated increase blood cancers in smokers (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.19-3.53, p=0.01 after adjustment). Conclusion The CYP2A6 deletion may not grossly affect total cancer. It may associate with individual cancers in sex and smoking dependent manner. Further studies with larger sample size are warranted to confirm our results.
Facilitation of motivation to self-management in pediatric diabetes health care consultations with adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A qualitative triangulation study
Authors: Teyken Rose Marie , Lomholt Johanne Jeppesen , Schou Anders Jørgen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background. The impact of health care professionals on the motivation for self-management in adolescents with type 1 diabetes has been highlighted as important. It is, however, not well understood how pediatric diabetes health care practitioners can help adolescents become more motivated to self-management. The aim of the study was to investigate how practitioners can motivate their patients to self-management in consultation and how adolescents with type 1 diabetes experienced that consultation could facilitate motivation to self-management.
Methods. Based on a qualitative research design, the study triangulated participant observations of 11 consultations at a pediatric health care clinic and 10 interviews of the adolescents (15-17 years of age) about their experiences of consultations. Using Giorgi’s phenomenological method, the analysis showed five categories important to consultation-facilitated motivation to self-management: 1. Consultation setting, 2. Consultation conversation, 3. Roles in treatment, 4. Assuming consultation-facilitated responsibility for self-management, and 5. Relationship in treatment. Results from the analysis were compared to fulfilment of the motivational needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness described in Self-Determination Theory.
Results. Overall findings showed that the adolescent’s developmental process of becoming autonomous in relation to self-management was influenced by consultations, and that the need for relatedness was experienced as valued by the adolescents.
Conclusions. The conclusion of the study was that relatedness and development of autonomy were experienced as important for how consultations could facilitate motivation to self-management in 15-17-year-olds and may be fundamental to adolescents’ experience of competence in relation to self-management.
Spectrophotometric Analysis Evaluating Apical Microleakage in Retrograde Filling using GIC, MTA and Biodentine: An in-vitro study
Authors: Nepal Manisha , Shubham Snigdha , Tripathi Rupam , Khadka Jwolan , Kunwar Deepa , Gautam Vanita , Gautam Narayan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The present study compares the apical microleakage of three different root-end filling materials in which the retrograde cavity is prepared by two different burs.Methods Eighty extracted single rooted maxillary and mandibular premolars were taken. Root canal treatment was completed. Apical 3 mm of all the teeth were resected with diamond disk. The tooth were divided into four groups with two subgroups for each group containing 10 tooth (N= 10) as: Group IA (Negative Control and IB (Positive Control); Group IIA and IIB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur respectively, filled with GIC; Group IIIA and IIIB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur respectively, filled with MTA; Group IVA and IVB: Prepared with round carbide bur and round diamond bur, filled with Biodentine. After applying two coats of nail varnish leaving apical 3 mm (except for negative control group) all teeth were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 3 days and again in 65% nitric acid for next 3 days for extraction of dye. The obtained solution was then transferred to eppendorf tube and centrifuged in microcentrifuges at 14,000 revolution per minutes (RPM) for 5 minutes. Optical density or absorbance of the supernatant solution was measured with UV spectrophotometer at 550 nm.esults The absorbance of the supernatant solution after dye extraction is decreasing in the order of positive control> GIC> MTA> Biodentine> negative control group. The significant difference was observed between GIC and MTA (p=0.0001) and GIC and Biodentine (p=0.0001) with two different burs but statistically non-significant difference was observed between MTA and Biodentine with Carbide bur (p=0.127) and Diamond bur (p=0.496) respectively.Conclusions Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that Biodentine and MTA showed less microleakage as compared to GIC. There is no significant difference between mean microleakage of MTA and Biodentine. However, the mean OD of the Biodentine was least of all evaluated materials. Preparation of the root-end using round carbide bur as well as round diamond burs showed comparable microleakage for all three filling materials.
Prevalence and correlates of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in rural Uganda: cross-sectional, population-based study
Authors: MUBANGIZI VINCENT , Maling Samuel , Obua Celestino , Tsai Alexander C. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction There is a paucity of data on the prevalence and correlates of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in sub-Saharan Africa.Objective To estimate the prevalence and correlates of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in rural Uganda.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study in a rural region of southwestern Uganda. The Brief Community Screening Instrument for Dementia was administered to a multi-stage area probability sample of 400 people aged 60 years and over. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate correlates of probable dementia.Results Overall, 80 (20%) of the sample screened positive for dementia. On multivariable regression, we estimated the following correlates of probable dementia: age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.02 per year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.03, p˂0.001), having some education (AOR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.41-0.81, p=0.001), exercise (AOR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.27-0.72, p=0.001), and having a ventilated kitchen (AOR, 0.43; (95% CI, 0.24-0.77, p=0.001).Conclusion In this population-based sample of older-age adults, nearly one-fifth screened positive for dementia.
Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of Bluespotted seabream, Pagrus caeruleostictus (Perciformes: Sparidae)
Authors: Afriyie Gyamfua , Guo Yusong , Kuebutornye Felix K.A , Larbi Christian Ayisi , Wang Zhongduo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia due to respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae requiring hospitalization in South Korea
Authors: LEE EUN , Kim Chul-Hong , Lee Yong Ju , Kim Hyo-Bin , Kim Bong-Seong , Kim Hyung Young , Kim Yunsun , Kim Sangyoung , Park Chorong , Seo Ju-Hee , Sol In Suk , Sung Myongsoon , Song Min Seob , Song Dae Jin , Ahn Young Min Ahn , Oh Hea Lin , Yu Jinho , Jung Sungsu , Lee Kyung Suk , Lee Ju Suk , Jang Gwang Cheon , Jang Yoon Young , Chung Eun Hee , Chung Hai Lee , Choi Sung-Min , Choi Yun Jung , Han Man Yong , Shim Jung Yeon , Kim Jin-Tack , Kim Chang-Keun , Yang Hyeon-Jong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Community–acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading worldwide causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. Its disease burden varies by age and etiology and is time dependent. We aimed to investigate the annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric CAP requiring hospitalization.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 30,994 children (aged 0-18 years) with CAP between 2010 and 2015 at 23 nationwide hospitals in South Korea. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia was clinically classified as macrolide-sensitive MP, macrolide-less effective MP (MLEP), and macrolide-refractory MP (MRMP) based on fever duration after initiation of macrolide treatment, regardless of the results of in vitro macrolide sensitivity tests.
Results: MP and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were the two most commonly identified pathogens of CAP. With the two epidemics of MP pneumonia (2011 and 2015), the rates of clinical MLEP and MRMP pneumonia showed increasing trends of 36.4% of the total MP pneumonia. In children < 2 years of age, RSV (34.0%) was the most common cause of CAP, followed by MP (9.4%); however, MP was the most common cause of CAP in children aged 2-18 years of age (45.3%). Systemic corticosteroid was most commonly administered for MP pneumonia. The rate of hospitalization in intensive care units was the highest for RSV pneumonia, and ventilator care was most commonly needed in cases of adenovirus pneumonia.
Conclusions: The present study provides fundamental data to establish public health policies to decrease the disease burden due to CAP and improve of pediatric health.
Different profiles of body mass index evolutions among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Diallo Alhassane , Diallo Boubacar Djelo , Camara Lansana Mady , Kounoudji Lucrèce Ahouéfa Nadège , Bah Boubacar , N’Zabintawali Fulgence , Carlos-Bolumbu Miguel , Diallo Mamadou Hassimiou , Sow Oumou Younoussa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the predictor role of the body weight variation on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcome, little data are available to corroborate this finding. We aimed to study the course of weight in patients with MDR-TB, to identify subgroups of weight evolutions, and to determine factors that influence these evolutions.
Methods: Patients treated with a shorter MDR-TB treatment regimen between June 07, 2016 and June 22, 2018 from three major drug-resistance TB centers in Guinea, who had rifampicin resistance, and who were cured or died were analyzed. Patients were seen monthly until the end of treatment. Clinical outcome was the Body Mass Index (BMI). We used a linear mixed model to analyze the course of BMI and a latent class mixed model to identify subgroup of BMI evolutions.
Results: Of 232 patients treated for MDR-TB during the study period, 165 were analyzed. These patients had a total of 1387 visits, with a median of 5 visits (interquartile range, 3 – 8 visits). Monthly BMI increase was 0.24 (SE 0.02) per kg/m 2 . Factors that associated with faster BMI progression were cured to MDR-TB treatment (0.24 [SE 0.09] per kg/m 2 ; p = 0.0205), and the absence of lung cavities on X-ray (0.18 [0.06] per kg/m 2 ; p = 0.0068). Two subgroups of BMI evolution were identified: “Rapid BMI (n = 121; 85%) and “Slow BMI evolution (n = 22; 15%). Patients in the slow increasing BMI group were mostly female (68%) without history of TB treatment (41%), with positive HIV infection (59%), with most severe clinical condition at baseline, characterized by a higher frequency of symptoms including depression (18%), dyspnea (68%), poor adherence to MDR-TB treatment (64%), lower platelets count, and higher liver SGOT count. These patients had also a longer time to-initial culture conversion delay (log-rank test: p = 0.0087).
Conclusion: The available data provided quantitative information on BMI progression of patients with MDR-TB treated with a shorter regimen, and allowed the identification of the subgroup of patients with different BMI evolutions. Furthermore, they emphasized the usefulness of BMI as biomarker to monitor MDR-TB treatment outcome.
LipoDDx: a mobile application for identification of rare lipodystrophy syndromes
Authors: Araujo-Vilar David , Fernández-Pombo Antia , Rodríguez-Carnero Gemma , Martínez-Olmos Miguel Angel , Cantón Ana , Villar-Taibo Rocio , Hermida-Ameijeiras Alvaro , Santamaría-Nieto Alicia , Díaz-Ortega Carmen , Martínez-Rey Carmen , Antela Antonio , Losada Elena , Muy-Pérez Andrés , González-Méndez Blanca , Sánchez-Iglesias Sofía 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Lipodystrophy syndromes are a group of disorders characterized by a loss of adipose tissue once other situations of nutritional deprivation or exacerbated catabolism have been ruled out. With the exception of the HIV-associated lipodystrophy, they have a very low prevalence, which together with their large phenotypic heterogeneity makes their identification difficult, even for endocrinologists and pediatricians. This leads to significant delays in diagnosis or even to misdiagnosis. Our group has developed an algorithm that identifies the more than 40 rare lipodystrophy subtypes described to date. This algorithm has been implemented in a free mobile application, LipoDDx®. Our aim was to establish the effectiveness of LipoDDx®.40 clinical records of patients with a diagnosis of certainty of most lipodystrophy subtypes were analyzed, including subjects without lipodystrophy. The medical records, blinded for diagnosis, were evaluated by 13 physicians, 1 biochemist and 1 dentist. Each evaluator first gave his/her results based on his/her own criteria. Then, a second diagnosis was given using LipoDDx®. The results were analysed based on a score table according to the complexity of each case and the prevalence of the disease. Results: LipoDDx® provides a user-friendly environment, based on usually dichotomous questions or choice of clinical signs from drop-down menus. The final result provided by this app for a particular case can be a low/high probability of suffering a particular lipodystrophy subtype. Without using LipoDDx® the success rate was 17 ± 20%, while with LipoDDx® the success rate was 79 ± 20% (p <0.01). Conclusions: LipoDDx® is a free app that enables the identification of subtypes of rare lipodystrophies with around 80% effectiveness, which will be of help to doctors who are not experts in this field.