bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specialized Proresolving Mediators Overcome Immune Suppression Induced by Exposure to Secondhand Smoke
Authors: Bhat Tariq A. , Kalathil Suresh Gopi , Miller Austin , Thatcher Thomas H. , Sime Patricia J. , Thanavala Yasmin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Tobacco smoke exposure is associated with multiple diseases including, respiratory diseases like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Tobacco smoke is a potent inflammatory trigger and is immunosuppressive, contributing to increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections in smokers, ex-smokers, and vulnerable populations exposed to secondhand smoke. Tobacco smoke exposure also reduces vaccine efficacy. Therefore, mitigating the immunosuppressive effects of chronic smoke exposure and improving the efficacy of vaccinations in individuals exposed to tobacco smoke, is a critical unmet clinical problem. We hypothesized that specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), a class of immune regulators promoting resolution of inflammation, without being immunosuppressive, and enhancing B cell Ab responses, could reverse the immunosuppressive effects resulting from tobacco smoke exposure. We exposed mice to secondhand smoke for 8 wk, followed by a period of smoke exposure cessation, and the mice were immunized with the P6 lipoprotein from nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, using 17-HDHA and aspirin-triggered–resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) as adjuvants. 17-HDHA and AT-RvD1 used as adjuvants resulted in elevated serum and bronchoalveolar lavage levels of anti-P6–specific IgG and IgA that were protective, with immunized mice exhibiting more rapid bacterial clearance upon challenge, reduced pulmonary immune cell infiltrates, reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines, and less lung-epithelial cell damage. Furthermore, the treatment of mice with AT-RvD1 during a period of smoke-cessation further enhanced the efficacy of SPM-adjuvanted P6 vaccination. Overall, SPMs show promise as novel vaccine adjuvants with the ability to overcome the tobacco smoke-induced immunosuppressive effects.
Effects of Goshajinkigan (TJ-107) for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity using the functional assessment of cancer therapy/gynecologic oncology group 12-item neurotoxicity questionnaire in a Phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Aoyama Toru , Morita Satoshi , Kono Toru , Hata Taishi , Mishima Hideyuki , Sakamoto Junichi 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of TJ-107 for oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in prospective, multi-institutional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II trials using the functional assessment of cancer therapy/gynecologic oncology group 12-item neurotoxicity questionnaire (FACT-GOG-NTX-12).

Patients and Methods:
The patients who were registered to the Goshajinkigan oxaliplatin neurotoxicity evaluation study (UMIN000002211) were analyzed. A NTX-12 from the validated FACT/GOG-NTX-12 was assessed before treatment and at the end of every 2 cycles.

Results:
The comparisons of the median scores for TJ-107 and the placebo at 8 and 26 weeks were as follows: numbness or tingling in the hands (P = 0.5820), numbness or tingling in the feet (P = 0.3236), feeling of discomfort in the hands (P = 0.8219), feeling of discomfort in the feet (P = 0.5361), joint pain or muscle cramps (P = 0.1974), feeling weak all over (P = 0.2771), trouble hearing (P = 0.2832), ringing or buzzing in ears (P = 0.1031), trouble buttoning buttons (P = 0.1653), trouble feeling the shape of small objects when held in hand (P = 0.2919), trouble walking (P = 0.5406), and pain in the hands or feet when exposed to cold temperatures (P = 0.1872).

Conclusion:
There might be no clinically significant difference between the use of TJ-107 and the severity and quality of life for patients treated with oxaliplatin.
Determinants of Income Diversification among Arable Crop Farmers in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Idris-Adeniyi Kaothar Modupe , Busari Ahmed Oluwagbenga , Adedokun Stephen Adeolu 
Published: October 2020

The study examined determinants of income diversification among arable crop farmers in Osun state, Nigeria. A total of 120 arable crop farmers were proportionately selected from the three agricultural zones in the State that was used for the study. Structured interview schedule was used to elicit relevant information from respondents. Frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation, diversity index and Tobit regression model were employed in data analysis. The majority of the farmers had access to farm credit and mean diversity index was 0.46. Factors influencing income diversification among respondents were age (t=-2.68, p≤0.01), credit (t=2.29, p0.05), household size (t=8.24, p≤0.01) and frequency of extension visits (t=2.24, p≤0.05). Only 6.67% of the farmers had income diversity index of 0 meaning that most of the respondents adopted multiple income generating-activities while crop farming remained their dominant income source. In the face of climate change and its attendant risks including total crop failure, farmers should be exposed to other viable farm and off-farm income generating activities, while they are provided with credit facilities to harness such opportunities.
Keywords: Income diversification, Arable crop farmers, Income generating activities
Strategies Use by Garlic Growers in Coping with Climate Variability in Occidental Mindoro, Philippines
Authors: Declaro-Ruedas Mary Yole Apple 
Published: October 2020

The study determined garlic grower’s perception on livelihoods’ vulnerability to climate variability, the coping strategies employed, and the relationship between the profile and their coping mechanism to climate variability. Correlational research design was employed in this study. The respondents were randomly selected from the registered list of garlic growers in the municipalities of San Jose, Magsaysay, Calintaan, Rizal, Looc and Lubang of Occidental Mindoro, Philippines. Survey, interview guide and observation with the garlic growers and farmer leaders were done. Result showed vulnerability to climate variability indicators that were always perceived were pest and disease, lack of water supply and low quality of crops. The coping strategies that was always practiced was irrigating the land more during dry season using water pumps, since garlic is usually planted in the months of December to April. However, respondents indicated they ‘never’ got crop insurance and do not let their land be leased or rented by other farmers. Further, age and farming experience have significant relationship with coping mechanism employed.
Keywords: garlic, coping mechanism, climate variability, crop insurance
INSURGÊNCIAS LITERÁRIAS DE AUTORIA NEGRO-FEMININA
Authors: Santiago Ana Rita 
Published: October 2020

A produção literária de algumas autoras negras brasileiras apresenta-se, frequentemente, marcada por uma gramática literária atravessada por táticas insurgentes de visibilidade e dessilenciamento de suas vozes autorais, bem como por temas e propósitos que se ancoram em tensionamentos do sexismo, a necropolítica e o racismo, com tons denunciativo e propositivo, e em poéticas de (re) existência, sonhos e memórias. Diante disso, este artigo faz leituras descritivo-interpretativas de algumas de suas tessituras poéticas, aportadas em princípios do devir-revolucionário (DELEUZE, 1990), resistências (FOUCAULT, 2002), (re) existência (SANTIAGO, 2018) e em algumas postulações da necropolítica (MBEMBE, 2018).
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Poética de (re) existência. Insurgências. Escritoras Negras.
NOS ARCANOS DO IMPÉRIO, RACISMO E ESCRITA DE AUTORIA FEMININA NO ROMANCE DE EZILDA BARRETO
Authors: Silveira Ana Patrícia Frederico , Freitas Sávio Roberto Fonseca de 
Published: October 2020

Este artigo se dedica ao estudo do romance Nos Arcanos do Império, da escritora paraibana Ezilda Barreto. Ao tempo que nosso enfoque se volta para o mapeamento da escrita de autoria feminina na Paraíba, no sentido de tornar visível escritoras invisíveis nos compêndios históricos da literatura brasileira; também analisamos uma narrativa paraibana de autoria feminina que problema o tema da escravidão e do racismo negro em tempos de regime imperial. Para fundamentar nossos posicionamentos sobre autoria feminina paraibana e racismo na literatura brasileira nos apoiamos em Heloísa Buarque de Hollanda e Lúcia Araújo, Marcos Odilon, Gemy Candido, Iris Vasconcelos e Silvana Souza, entre outras referências recorridas ao longo das análises.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Invisibilidade. Século XX. Autoria feminina paraibana. Racismo.
Orbital relapse in children treated for Pre-B ALL, a retrospective case series
Authors: Komal Seher  , Saadiya Javed Khan  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
About 85-90% of children with B-cell leukaemia are cured. If relapse occurs it is usually in the bone marrow (BM), followed by extramedullary sites. Ocular lesions occur secondary to the accumulation of circulating blasts in the uvea, optic disc, intra-ocular tissue as well as fluid. Here we report four patients with ocular complaints that led to the diagnosis of relapse. Among 475 children with leukaemia treated from January 2013 to December 2018, 50 (10.5%) patients relapsed. Four (8%) out of these 50 presented with orbital symptoms. Central Nervous System (CNS) evaluation by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was negative at relapse. Relapse was treated with chemotherapy R3 protocol. Three (75%) patients are alive, while the fourth patient had a second BM relapse and died. Ophthalmic signs and symptoms in patients with treated leukaemia warrant a thorough evaluation. Continuous...
Free Market Revolution: Partial or Complete?
Authors: Sciabarra Chris Matthew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis review of Free Market Revolution: How Ayn Rand’s Ideas Can End Big Government, by Yaron Brook and Don Watkins, lauds its virtues, while criticizing its tendencies toward a partial and one-sided understanding of the nature of the revolution it extols. In bracketing out a deeper analysis of the role of business in the creation of modern corporatist political economy and the debilitating effects of war and the national security state on markets at home and abroad, the authors ultimately fail to provide the more robust defense of freedom that Rand’s project implies.
2020/31 Comparing job descriptions is insufficient for checking whether work is equally valuable (BG)
Authors: Tchakarova Kalina 
Published: October 2020

2020/31 Comparing job descriptions is insufficient for checking whether work is equally valuable (BG)
The Bulgarian Supreme Administrative Court in a decision of 24 June 2019 has ruled that the mere comparison between the job descriptions of employees is not sufficient basis for establishing whether the employees are carrying out the same work or work of equal value and the courts should also take into consideration the practical aspects of the work, the specific working conditions and the tasks actually carried out.
2020/32 Employee barred from claiming compensation under the Anti-Discrimination Act due to agreement in full and final settlement (DK)
Authors: Clasen Christian K. 
Published: October 2020

2020/32 Employee barred from claiming compensation under the Anti-Discrimination Act due to agreement in full and final settlement (DK)
The Danish Western High Court recently found that an employee who had entered into a severance agreement – and who was represented by her professional organisation during this process – was barred from claiming compensation under the Danish Anti-Discrimination Act, implementing Directive 2000/78.
2020/35 Employment contract for an indefinite term with exclusion of work and remuneration for a certain period is valid and does not conflict with the law on fixed-term work (GE)
Authors: Traber Othmar K. 
Published: October 2020

2020/35 Employment contract for an indefinite term with exclusion of work and remuneration for a certain period is valid and does not conflict with the law on fixed-term work (GE)
The Federal Labour Court of Germany (Bundesarbeitsgericht, ‘BAG’) had to decide on a case in which an employee argued that his contract was not terminated by a provision that restricted the mutual duties to a certain time period for the yearly season within his contract and that the employer had to employ him during the off season. However, his lawsuit was unsuccessful as the Court found that, even though he did have an indefinite contract, the employer was not obliged to employ and pay him during the off season due to the valid provision of fixed-term employment for the time from April to October during the time of the season.
2020/36 Employer must pay compensation to an employee for violation of employee’s privacy due to GPS system in company car (AT)
Authors: Disarò Lukas 
Published: October 2020

2020/36 Employer must pay compensation to an employee for violation of employee’s privacy due to GPS system in company car (AT)
The Austrian Supreme Court has confirmed that an employer must pay compensation to an employee due to a violation of the employee’s privacy. The employer implemented a GPS system in its company cars without the employee’s knowledge and without legal basis.
2020/37 Can the exception clause of Article 8 Rome I save a Turkish airline company from the application of Dutch dismissal law in a dispute with an Amsterdam home-based co-pilot? (NL)
Authors: Zwanenburg Amber , Vos Jan-Pieter 
Published: October 2020

2020/37 Can the exception clause of Article 8 Rome I save a Turkish airline company from the application of Dutch dismissal law in a dispute with an Amsterdam home-based co-pilot? (NL)
The central question in this case was what was the objectively applicable law to an employment contract concluded between a Turkish airline and a Dutch co-pilot, in accordance with Article 8 Rome I. The ruling is particularly interesting for the relation between the habitual place of work and the exception clause and points to the elements that should be taken into account.
2020/40 Holiday entitlement in the release phase of partial retirement according to the so-called ‘block model’ (GE)
Authors: Traber Othmar K. 
Published: October 2020

2020/40 Holiday entitlement in the release phase of partial retirement according to the so-called ‘block model’ (GE)
The Federal Labour Court of Germany (Bundesarbeitsgericht, ‘BAG’) had to decide on a case in which an employee claimed vacation entitlements for the release phase of a partial retirement scheme. Because the employee was released from his work obligation during the release phase of the partial retirement under the so-called ‘block model’ he was not entitled to statutory leave so that the lawsuit was unsuccessful in the final instance.
2020/41 Holiday pay during sickness: preliminary questions asked (NL)
Authors: Vos Jan-Pieter 
Published: October 2020

2020/41 Holiday pay during sickness: preliminary questions asked (NL)
The administrative law sector of the Overijssel Court has asked preliminary questions about the level of holiday pay during sickness, in situations where sick pay is lower than regular pay. This enables the ECJ to clarify its case law on holiday pay once more.
2020/42 Employees holding multiple roles with different employers may benefit from paid annual leave for each role (RO)
Authors: Suciu Andreea , Ion Gabriela 
Published: October 2020

2020/42 Employees holding multiple roles with different employers may benefit from paid annual leave for each role (RO)
The Romanian Court of Appeal has overruled a first instance court’s decision with the effect that the employees working in the public administration/special utilities/budgetary units are entitled to benefit from paid annual leave, in the case of multiple roles, in accordance with Directive 2003/88/EC, Directive 97/81/EC and ECJ rulings.
Evaluation of Enzymatic Activity in the Transformation of Nectar into Honey in Indigenous Rockbee, Apis dorsata F.
Authors: Balasubramanyam M. V. 
Published: October 2020

Enzymes form integral part and play decisive role in biological Systems and metabolic network. The present studies delve on the role of enzymes viz., invertase, amylase, glucose oxidase and catalase in nectar-honey transformation during May 2019 to April 2020. Data on enzymatic activity in all the five stages related to honey formation from nectar i.e., floral nectar (fn), honey crop of foragers (hf), honey crop of house bees (hh), unsealed honey cells (uh) and sealed honey cells (sh) was evaluated. Invertase in fn and sh cells was found minimum of 0.00 ml and maximum of 42.40 ml, respectively. Similarly, amylase in the fn was least (0.00 ml) and highest in sh (16.01 ml) and catalase was observed to be 0.001 ml in floral nector and highest in sealed honey cells i.e., 16.01 ml and 4.96 ml,respectively. Accordingly, glucose oxidase in fn and sh cells was minimum of 0.00 ml and maximum of 6.68 ml respectively. Correspondingly, catalase in the fn was least (0.00 ml) and highest in sh (4.96 ml). The analysis of variance of invertase and amylase was significant at 1 % level (p<0.01), whereas glucose oxidase and catalase Were statistically non-significant at 1 % level (p<0.01). Results have confirmed that the sources of all enzymes are instigated from hypopharyngeal, post-cerebral, thoracic, labial and mandibular glands of foragers and house bees which are accountable for honey formation. Further, each enzyme is substrates specific which are discussed in ensuing paper.
Flow Process Development and Optimization of A Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling Reaction using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Basavaraju Girish , Rajanna Ravishankar 
Published: October 2020

A custom-made tubular flow reactor was utilized to develop a mathematical model and optimize the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction. In this study, the experimentation was designed and executed through the statistical design of experiments (DoE) approach via response surface methodology. The effect of molar ratios of phenylboronic acid (1) and 4-bromophenol (2), temperature, the catalyst tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, and equivalence of aqueous tripotassium phosphate was studied in detail. The flow reactor profile was in good agreement with batch conditions and significant improvements to the overall reaction time and selectivity towards desired [1-1-biphenyl]-4-ol (3) was achieved. The Suzuki coupling reaction in batch condition would take on an average of 4 to 6 hours to complete, which was effectively accomplished in 60 to 70 minutes in this tubular reactor setup and could be operated continuously. The reaction model is in good agreement with the reaction conditions. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Clean 3,4-Dihydropyrimidones Synthesis via Biginelli Reaction over Supported Molybdenum: Structural and Textural Characteristic of αMoO3
Authors: Kheffache Ouzna , Lopez-Olmos Cristina , Rodriguez-Ramos Inmaculada , Cherifi Ouiza 
Published: October 2020

A one-pot three-component synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs) via Biginelli reaction was carried out at 100 °C using benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea as reactants, in the presence of ethanol and free solvent, in heterogeneous catalytic medium. The Mo (30 wt%) metal oxides (Al2O3, SiO2 or MgO) used catalysts were prepared by sol-gel, impregnation and microemulsion methods and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Nitrogen Adsorption - Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and NH3-Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD) methods. The Mo-SiO2 sample prepared by the sol-gel method exhibited the highest DHPM yield (87%), in free solvent with a reaction time of 30 min. The high efficiency, in the Biginelli reaction, of the Mo-SiO2 catalyst is due to its structural, textural and acid properties. Highly dispersed αMoO3 species of orthorhombic structure having a high contribution of strong acidic sites would be the active species in the Biginelli synthesis. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Unique Adsorption Properties of Malachite Green on Interlayer Space of Cu-Al and Cu-Al-SiW12O40 Layered Double Hydroxides
Authors: Palapa Neza Rahayu , Juleanti Novie , Normah Normah , Taher Tarmizi , Lesbani Aldes 
Published: October 2020

Cu-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) was intercalated with Keggin ion of polyoxometalate K4[a-SiW12O40] to form Cu-Al-SiW12O40 LDH. The obtained materials were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Brunaur-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Furthermore, the materials were used as adsorbents of malachite green from aqueous solution. Some variables for adsorption, such as: effect of adsorption times, malachite green concentration, and also adsorption temperature, were explored. The results showed that diffraction at 11.72° on Cu-Al LDH has interlayer distance of 7.56 Å. The intercalation of that LDH with [a-SiW12O40]4− ion resulted increasing interlayer distance to 12.10 Å. The surface area of material was also increased after intercalation from 46.2 m2/g to 89.02 m2/g. The adsorption of malachite green on Cu-Al and Cu-Al-SiW12O40 LDHs followed pseudo second order kinetic and isotherm Langmuir model with adsorption capacity of Cu-Al and Cu-Al-SiW12O40 LDHs was 55.866 mg/g and 149.253 mg/g, respectively. That adsorption capacity is equal with increasing interlayer space and surface area properties of material after intercalation. Thus, the adsorption of malachite green on Cu-Al and Cu-Al-SiW12O40 LDHs is unique and dominantly occurred on interlayer space of LDH as active site adsorption. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Evidence of Plasmon Enhanced Charge Transfer in Large‐Area Hybrid Au–MoS2 Metasurface
Authors: Camellini Andrea , Mazzanti Andrea , Mennucci Carlo , Martella Christian , Lamperti Alessio , Molle Alessandro , Buatier de Mongeot Francesco , Della Valle Giuseppe , Zavelani‐Rossi Margherita 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHybrid plasmonic‐semiconductor assemblies are receiving considerable attention due to the possibility to achieve hot‐carrier‐based photodetection. In this context, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) coupled to metal nanostructures are very promising. However, the plasmon‐to‐TMD carrier injection process is extremely challenging to achieve and even to reveal in a clear‐cut way. Herein, a report of multiple transient absorption ultrafast measurements, with tunable pump excitation, enabling quantitative comparison between the ultrafast behavior of metal nanostructures, TMDs, and their assembly is shown. This allows to provide the evidence of plasmon‐enhanced charge injection from Au nanostripes to a rippled‐shaped molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) few‐layer nanosheet. Finite element method numerical simulations and modeling of the transient optical response corroborate the charge transfer mechanism, showing that the experimental data cannot be described in terms of the thermomodulational nonlinearity of gold nanostripes or by simple superposition of metal and semiconductor responses. The sample is obtained by a self‐organization process on a large area; this demonstrates that plasmon‐enhanced photon harvesting exploiting hot‐electron injection can be achieved on a large area (approximately cm2) surface and provides a substantial advancement toward scalable ultrathin photodetection devices based on hot‐electrons technology.