bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome profiling of different tissues from beta-carotene-enhanced transgenic soybean and its non-transgenic counterpart
Authors: Qin Yang , Woo Hee-Jong , Shin Kong-Sik , Lim Myung-Ho , Lee Seong-Kon 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Beta-carotene-enhanced transgenic soybeans, harboring genes encoding phytoene synthase and carotene desaturase under the control of a seed-specific promoter, were developed to alleviate vitamin A deficiency in populations, the diet of which was deficient in this vitamin. However, metabolic engineering of carotenoid biosynthetic pathways often has unintended effects, leading to major metabolic changes in plants that harbor endogenous beta-carotene biosynthesis pathways. In the present study, we performed transcriptome profiling analysis using RNA-seq to investigate the changes in the transcriptome and some unintended pleiotropic effects on the leaves, stems, roots, and seeds of beta-carotene-enhanced transgenic soybean lines, and compared them to those of their non-transgenic counterpart donor variety Kwangan. We observed that transgenic soybeans showed significant changes in secondary metabolic biosynthesis in leaves and down-regulated galactose metabolism in roots. Differentially expressed genes in the transgenic group, which were significantly up-regulated, included those encoding glycine-aspartic acid-serine-leucine-motif esterase/lipase, known as cutin synthase and cutinase. These results suggested enhanced beta-carotene biosynthesis may affect related enzymes to carbohydrate metabolism and fatty acid metabolism. Hence, we speculated that upregulation of cutin polymerization resulted in thickened seed coat and delayed seed germination of transgenic soybeans. Furthermore, downregulation of raffinose family oligosaccharide biosynthesis may cause redundancy of myo-inositol, a substrate of phytin formation. This could lead to phytic globoids accumulation in transgenic soybean seeds. The present imformation would be important for transgenic plant development via carotenoid metabolic engineering, with focus on beta-carotene over-production.
Effect of steam explosion of oil palm frond and empty fruit bunch on nutrient composition and ruminal fermentation characteristics
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhou Zhenming , Yang Yuanlong , Meng Qingxiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the effect of steam explosion of oil palm frond (OPF) and oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) on nutrient composition and ruminal fermentation characteristics in vitro. The results showed that steam explosion decreased NDF (P < 0.01), ADF (P < 0.01), and hemicellulose content (P < 0.01) in OPF and EFB. Steam explosion improved the effective energy value of OPF and EFB. In vitro fermentation results revealed that 72-h gas production capacity of OPF and EFB increased by 12.60and 85.06% (P < 0.01), respectively, after steam explosion. Steam explosion had a tendency to improve the concentration of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) (P = 0.082). In conclusion, steam explosion of OPF and EFB reduced NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose content and increased gas production and TVFA concentration.
Genetic variation in herbivore resistance within a strawberry crop wild relative (Fragaria vesca L.)
Authors: Weber Daniela , Egan Paul A. , Muola Anne , Stenberg Johan A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To decrease the dependency on chemical pesticides, the resistance of cultivated strawberry to pests needs to be increased. While genetic resources within domesticated varieties are limited, wild genotypes are predicted to show high heritable variation in useful resistance traits. We collected 86 wild accessions of Fragaria vesca L. from central Sweden and screened this germplasm for antibiosis (pest survival and performance) and antixenosis (pest preference) traits active against the strawberry leaf beetle (Galerucella tenella L.). First, extensive common garden experiments were used to study antibiosis traits in the sampled plant genotypes. Heritable genetic variation among plant genotypes was found for several antibiosis traits. Second, controlled cafeteria experiments were used to test for plant genetic variation in antixenosis traits. The leaf beetles avoided egg laying on plant genotypes possessing high antibiosis. This indicates a high degree of concordance between antibiosis and antixenosis and that the beetles’ egg-laying behavior optimizes the fitness of their offspring. The existence of high genetic variation in key resistance traits suggests that wild woodland strawberry contains untapped resources that are sought to reduce pesticide dependence in cultivated strawberry. Given that only a very small portion of the species’ distribution area was sampled, even higher variation may be expected at the continental scale. As a whole, the genetic resources identified in this study serve to strengthen the position of woodland strawberry as a key crop wild relative.
Dyslexia, Literacy Difficulties and the Self-Perceptions of Children and Young People: a Systematic Review
Authors: Gibby-Leversuch Rosa , Hartwell Brettany K. , Wright Sarah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis systematic review investigates the links between literacy difficulties, dyslexia and the self-perceptions of children and young people (CYP). It builds on and updates Burden’s (2008) review and explores how the additional factors of attributional style and the dyslexia label may contribute to CYP’s self-perceptions. Nineteen papers are included and quality assessed. Quantitative papers measured the self-reported self-perceptions of CYP with literacy difficulties and/or dyslexia (LitD/D) and compared these with the CYP without LitD/D. Qualitative papers explored the lived experiences of CYP with LitD/D, including their self-views and how these were affected by receiving a dyslexia diagnosis. Results suggest that CYP with LitD/D may be at greater risk of developing negative self-perceptions of themselves as learners, but not of their overall self-worth. Factors found to be relevant in supporting positive self-perceptions include adaptive attributional styles, good relationships with peers and parents, and positive attitudes towards dyslexia and neurodiversity. In some cases, CYP with LitD/D felt that others perceived them as unintelligent or idle; for these CYP, a diagnosis led to more positive self-perceptions, as it provided an alternative picture of themselves. There is a need for further research to explore the impact of attributional style and the potential for intervention, as well as CYPs’ experiences of diagnosis and the associated advantages or disadvantages.
Humor in the elderly with dementia: Development and initial validation of a behavioral observation system
Authors: Baumgartner Gudrun , Renner Karl-Heinz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInterventions with Clinic Clowns trained for performing in nursing homes have been explored in several field studies. Until now, however, it has not been sufficiently investigated to which extent and in which ways elderly with dementia (EWD) respond to and engage in humorous interactions. An exploratory study with 17 German dementia care unit residents aimed at narrowing this gap. To assess understanding, appreciation and authorship as well as contextual information we have constructed a behavioral observation and annotation system for humor interaction with the elderly with dementia (ANHIDE) The system was tested for inter-coder agreement and reached kappa values qualified as substantial for humor categories (κ = .685), humor response (κ = .725) and musical contributions (κ = .752). In 9 hours of video recorded interaction, participants contributed almost a third of the annotated humor events with verbal humor being their most frequent way of expression. Benign humor styles prevailed (85%) and aggressive humor was rare (2%). Whenever participants could be addressed successfully, they responded overly positive (89%). Malign humor styles were – if not ignored – answered with disapproval or the attempt to reconcile. Best practice recommendations for addressing and involving the residents with dementia are well-structured contributions and combined use of various stylistic means. Limitations, as well as suggestions for further in-depth research, are discussed, e.g., individual differences in humor response, strategies to encourage participants’ active contribution or fostering humor as a behavioral competence. Overall, this contribution is the first to provide a behavioral observation system for a detailed annotation of humor interactions regarding the elderly with dementia (ANHIDE). We demonstrate preliminary evidence for competencies in humor perception and production in the target group.
Type I kerogen-rich oil shale from the Democratic Republic of the Congo: mineralogical description and pyrolysis kinetics
Authors: Bouamoud Rajaa , Moine Ely Cheikh , Mulongo-Masamba Raphaèl , El Hamidi Adnane , Halim Mohammed , Arsalane Said 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Democratic Republic of the Congo holds important reserves of oil shale which is still under geological status. Herein, the characterization and pyrolysis kinetics of type I kerogen-rich oil shale of the western Central Kongo (CK) were investigated. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis (TG/DTA) showed that CK oil shale exhibits a siliceous mineral matrix with a consistent organic matter rich in aliphatic chains. The pyrolysis behavior of kerogen revealed the presence of a single mass loss between 300 and 550 °C, estimated at 12.5% and attributed to the oil production stage. Non-isothermal kinetics was performed by determining the activation energy using the iterative isoconversional model-free methods and exhibits a constant value withE = 211.5 ± 4.7 kJ mol−1. The most probable kinetic model describing the kerogen pyrolysis mechanism was obtained using the Coats–Redfern and Arrhenius plot methods. The results showed a unique kinetic triplet confirming the nature of kerogen, predominantly type I and reinforcing the previously reported geochemical characteristics of the CK oil shale. Besides, the calculation of thermodynamic parameters (ΔH*, ΔS* and ΔG*) corresponding to the pyrolysis of type I kerogen revealed that the process is non-spontaneous, in agreement with DTA experiments.
Comparison of diagnostic performance in assessing the rewiring position into a jailed side branch between online 3D reconstruction systems version 1.1 and 1.2 derived from optical frequency domain imaging
Authors: Fujimura Tatsuhiro , Okamura Takayuki , Furuya Kazuki , Miyazaki Yosuke , Takenaka Hitoshi , Tateishi Hiroki , Oda Tetsuro , Mochizuki Mamoru , Uchinoumi Hitoshi , Nishimura Takashi , Yamada Jutaro , Yano Masafumi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The three-dimensional reconstruction of optical coherence tomography and optical frequency domain imaging (3D-OCT/OFDI) helps optimize bifurcation percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) with side branch (SB) dilatation by identifying the optimal rewiring position. 3D-OCT/OFDI’s diagnostic performance for assessing the rewiring position into a jailed SB is unknown. We retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic performances of a conventional (ver. 1.1) and a new (ver. 1.2) online 3D-OFDI reconstruction system based on an offline 3D reconstruction system’s performance. We analyzed 45 patients’ 52 OFDI pullbacks with main vessel stenting followed by rewiring into a jailed SB for coronary bifurcation lesions. We counted the undetected stent struts in the polygon of confluence as the stent detection performance. We assessed the diagnostic agreement regarding the rewiring position into a jailed SB by the three 3D reconstruction systems. The percentage of undetected struts and the diagnostic agreement of ver.1.2 were significantly better than those of ver.1.1 [5.1 ± 5.1% vs. 30.2 ± 14.2%; p < 0.0001, and 94.2% (49/52) vs. 76.9% (40/52); p = 0.0120]. The new online 3D-OFDI reconstruction system provides better diagnostic performance than the conventional online system for assessing the rewiring position into a jailed SB.
FreshJoin: An Efficient and Adaptive Algorithm for Set Containment Join
Authors: Luo Jizhou , Zhang Wei , Shi Shengfei , Gao Hong , Li Jianzhong , Wu Wei , Jiang Shouxu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper revisits set containment join (SCJ) problem, which uses the subset relationship (i.e., $$\subseteq$$⊆) as condition to join set-valued attributes of two relations and has many fundamental applications in commercial and scientific fields. Existing in-memory algorithms for SCJ are either signature-based or prefix-tree-based. The former incurs high CPU cost because of the enumeration of signatures, while the latter incurs high space cost because of the storage of prefix trees. This paper proposes a new adaptive parameter-free in-memory algorithm, named as frequency-hashjoin or $${\mathsf {FreshJoin}}$$FreshJoin in short, to evaluate SCJ efficiently. $${\mathsf {FreshJoin}}$$FreshJoin builds a flat index on-the-fly to record three kinds of signatures (i.e., two least frequent elements and a hash signature whose length is determined adaptively by the frequencies of elements in the universe set). The index consists of two sparse inverted indices and two arrays which record hash signatures of all sets in each relation. The index is well organized such that $${\mathsf {FreshJoin}}$$FreshJoin can avoid enumerating hash signatures. The rationality of this design is explained. And, the time and space cost of the proposed algorithm, which provide a rule to choose $${\mathsf {FreshJoin}}$$FreshJoin from existing algorithms, are analyzed. Experiments on 16 real-life datasets show that $${\mathsf {FreshJoin}}$$FreshJoin usually reduces more than 50% of space cost while remains as competitive as the state-of-the-art algorithms in running time.
Microstructural characterization of reaction products in Cu/Graphene/SiC system
Authors: Homa M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The results of microstructural examinations of reaction products formed at liquid copper/graphene-coated monocrystalline SiC interface are presented. Samples were prepared during a wettability test performed under a vacuum at T = 1100 °C kept constant for 30 min by capillary purification-sessile drop method. Careful analyses of the microstructure and chemical composition were carried out at the interfaces by high resolution scanning electron microscopy combined with local analysis of chemical composition, Raman spectroscopy and computed tomography. The detailed structural investigations showed that in both systems, at the drop/substrate interface, the substrate (SiC) was dissolved and the zone of reaction products was composed of alternately arranged dark and bright layers.
Residential immersive life skills programs for youth with disabilities: Experiences of parents and shifts in parenting approaches
Authors: Duff Celeste , King Gillian , McPherson Amy C. , Kingsnorth Shauna , Rudzik Alanna E.F. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionResidential immersive life skills (RILS) programs are designed for youth with disabilities and facilitate the development of adaptive behaviors for life skills required to navigate adulthood. This study explored parents’ experiences of the RILS program journey, shifts in parenting approaches, and the implications of those shifts.MethodsThis study draws on twenty‐three qualitative interviews that were conducted with nine parents of youth who attended RILS programs in Ontario, Canada. Three rounds of interviews were conducted at three different time points: Pre‐program, 3 months post‐program, and 12 months post‐program. Data were analyzed using a constructivist grounded theory approach.ResultsThe interviews captured parents’ experiences of the RILS program journey and how their parenting changed as a result. Three overarching themes emerged: (1) Anticipation of RILS programs served as a catalyst for experiencing positive and negative tensions in parenting; (2) Parenting shifted following RILS programs; and (3) Where parenting shifts were limited, challenges for youth arose and reduced youth future growth.ConclusionParenting approaches can shift as a result of youth attending RILS programs. These shifts can create complex and challenging implications for parents as they seek to further encourage youths' development. This study offers an understanding of the implications of parenting during youths’ developmental transition of adolescence to adulthood, and offers recommendations to further support parents in sustaining youth development of life skills during this developmental transition.
Neonatal anoxia impairs long‐term energy metabolism and somatic development of Wistar rats
Authors: Cruz‐Ochoa Natalia Andrea , Ochoa‐Amaya Julieta Esperanza , Pulecio Sandy Lorena , Xavier Gilberto Fernando , Nogueira Maria Inês 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundNeonatal anoxia may cause neurological injuries, behavioral alterations and changes in somatic growth. Somatic developmental changes suggest a possible effect of anoxia on energy metabolism and/or feeding behavior. Short‐term effects of oxygen deficit on energy homeostasis have been described. In contrast, just a few studies report long‐term effects. This study investigated the effects of neonatal anoxia on energy metabolism and somatic development at adulthood of males and females Wistar rats.MethodMale (m) and female (f) rats were exposed, on postnatal day 2 (P2), to either 25‐min of Anoxia or Control treatment. At P34 part of the subjects of each group was fasted for 18 h, refeed for 1 h and then perfused 30 min later, at P35; the remaining subjects were submitted to these treatments at P94 and perfused at P95. Therefore, there were 8 groups: AmP35, AmP95, AfP35, AfP95, CmP35, CmP95, CfP35 and CfP95. For subjects perfused at P95, body weight and food intake were recorded up to P90. For subjects perfused at P35 and P95, glycemia, leptin and insulin were assessed after fasting and refeed. After perfusion the encephalon and pancreas were collected for Fos immunohistochemistry and Hematoxylin‐Eosin stain analyses.ResultsEven though neonatal anoxia did not interfere with regular food intake, it reduced body weight gain along growing in both male and female subjects as compared to the corresponding controls. At P35 neonatal anoxia decreased post‐prandial glycemia and increased insulin. While at P95 neonatal anoxia altered the pancreatic histomorphology and increased post‐fasting weight loss, decreasing leptin, insulin and glycemia secretion, as well Fos immunoreactivity (IR) in ARC.ConclusionNeonatal anoxia impairs long‐term energy metabolism and somatic development in Wistar rats, with differences related to sex and age.
Leisure activity and social integration mitigate the risk of dementia related to cardiometabolic diseases: A population‐based longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Zhida , Marseglia Anna , Shang Ying , Dintica Christina , Patrone Cesare , Xu Weili 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe effect of comorbid cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), including diabetes, heart diseases, and stroke, on dementia remains unclear.MethodsA cohort of 2648 dementia‐free adults aged ≥60 years was followed up for 12 years. An active lifestyle was defined in accordance with the engagement in leisure activities and/or a social network. Cox models were used in data analysis.ResultsThe multiadjusted hazard ratio (HR, 95% confidence interval) of dementia was 1.41 (1.07–1.86) for one, 2.38 (1.58–3.59) for two, and 4.76 (2.04–11.13) for three CMDs. In joint exposure analysis, the HR of dementia was 3.36 (2.14–5.30) for participants with CMDs plus an inactive lifestyle and 1.32 (0.95–1.84) for those with CMDs plus an active lifestyle (reference: no CMDs plus active lifestyle). An active lifestyle delayed dementia onset by 3.50 years in people with CMDs.DiscussionCMDs, especially when comorbid, are associated with increased dementia risk; however, leisure activities and social integration mitigate this risk.
A demographic factor as a determinant of migration: what is the effect of sibship size on migration decisions?
Authors: Zhao Jianmei , Zhong Hai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDeveloping countries often lack an adequate social security system, and elderly parents rely heavily on their children for support. Aging populations and low-fertility rates are an emerging trend in developing countries. In this paper, we examine the effects of sibship size on individuals' internal migration decisions in China. We find that the number of siblings has a positive effect on individual migration decisions, but this effect is non-linear and marginally increasing. Second, we find that having brothers has a more significant effect on migration decisions than having sisters. Finally, although of different magnitudes, the effects are persistent across genders, Hukou status, and education levels.
Spectral Decomposition Method for Large Sea Surface Generation and Radar Backscatter Modeling
Authors: Mainvis Aymeric , Fabbro Vincent , Bourlier Christophe , Mametsa Henri‐Jose 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes different methods to simulate sea surface waves over a large area rapidly and with low computational complexity. Indeed, for wind speed between 1 and 10 m/s, the area of the sea surfaces must range from 10 to 92,000m2 to account for all the surface roughness scales which can contribute to the scattering process at microwave frequencies. At frequencies higher than 10 GHz, a sampling rate of one tenth of the wavelength can lead to a prohibitive numerical cost. The impact of these approaches on the surface power spectral density and on the monostatic normalized radar cross section is investigated. The proposed methods consist of splitting the full sea surface height spectrum into sub‐spectra of smaller extents. Sub‐sea surfaces are generated and combined from different interpolation and recombination techniques. In this paper, an original closed‐form expression of the resulting sea surface height spectrum is derived to interpret the simulation results. Finally, the efficiency of the methods in terms of accuracy and memory requirement is analyzed by computing the monostatic normalized radar cross section from sea surfaces with the first‐order small slope approximation (SSA1) scattering model.