bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative assessment of range‐wide patterns of genetic diversity and structure with SNPs and microsatellites: A case study with Iberian amphibians
Authors: Camacho‐Sanchez Miguel , Velo‐Antón Guillermo , Hanson Jeffrey O. , Veríssimo Ana , Martínez‐Solano Íñigo , Marques Adam , Moritz Craig , Carvalho Sílvia B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractReduced representation genome sequencing has popularized the application of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to address evolutionary and conservation questions in nonmodel organisms. Patterns of genetic structure and diversity based on SNPs often diverge from those obtained with microsatellites to different degrees, but few studies have explicitly compared their performance under similar sampling regimes in a shared analytical framework. We compared range‐wide patterns of genetic structure and diversity in two amphibians endemic to the Iberian Peninsula: Hyla molleri and Pelobates cultripes, based on microsatellite (18 and 14 loci) and SNP (15,412 and 33,140 loci) datasets of comparable sample size and spatial extent. Model‐based clustering analyses with STRUCTURE revealed minor differences in genetic structure between marker types, but inconsistent values of the optimal number of populations (K) inferred. SNPs yielded more repeatable and less admixed ancestries with increasing K compared to microsatellites. Genetic diversity was weakly correlated between marker types, with SNPs providing a better representation of southern refugia and of gradients of genetic diversity congruent with the demographic history of both species. Our results suggest that the larger number of loci in a SNP dataset can provide more reliable inferences of patterns of genetic structure and diversity than a typical microsatellite dataset, at least at the spatial and temporal scales investigated.
Intraspecific size variation in planktonic foraminifera cannot be consistently predicted by the environment
Authors: Rillo Marina C. , Miller C. Giles , Kucera Michal , Ezard Thomas H. G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe size structure of plankton communities is an important determinant of their functions in marine ecosystems. However, few studies have quantified how organism size varies within species across biogeographical scales. Here, we investigate how planktonic foraminifera, a ubiquitous zooplankton group, vary in size across the tropical and subtropical oceans of the world. Using a recently digitized museum collection, we measured shell area of 3,799 individuals of nine extant species in 53 seafloor sediments. We first analyzed potential size biases in the collection. Then, for each site, we obtained corresponding local values of mean annual sea‐surface temperature (SST), net primary productivity (NPP), and relative abundance of each species. Given former studies, we expected species to reach largest shell sizes under optimal environmental conditions. In contrast, we observe that species differ in how much their size variation is explained by SST, NPP, and/or relative abundance. While some species have predictable size variation given these variables (Trilobatus sacculifer, Globigerinoides conglobatus, Globigerinella siphonifera, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, Globorotalia truncatulinoides), other species show no relationships between size and the studied covariates (Globigerinoides ruber, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Globorotalia menardii, Globoconella inflata). By incorporating intraspecific variation and sampling broader geographical ranges compared to previous studies, we conclude that shell size variation in planktonic foraminifera species cannot be consistently predicted by the environment. Our results caution against the general use of size as a proxy for planktonic foraminifera environmental optima. More generally, our work highlights the utility of natural history collections and the importance of studying intraspecific variation when interpreting macroecological patterns.
Removal of melatonin receptor type 1 signalling induces dyslipidaemia and hormonal changes in mice subjected to environmental circadian disruption
Authors: Tchio Cynthia , Baba Kenkichi , Piccione Giuseppe , Tosini Gianluca 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundMelatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in a circadian rhythmic manner with peak synthesis at night. Melatonin signalling was suggested to play a critical role in metabolism during the circadian disruption.MethodsMelatonin‐proficient (C3H‐f+/+ or WT) and melatonin receptor type 1 knockout (MT1 KO) male and female mice were phase‐advanced (6 hours) once a week for 6 weeks. Every week, we measured weight, food intake and basal glucose levels. At the end of the experiment, we sacrificed the animals and measured the blood's plasma for lipids profile (total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides and total cholesterol), metabolic hormones profiles (ghrelin, leptin, insulin, glucagon, glucagon‐like‐peptide and resistin) and the body composition.ResultsEnvironmental circadian disruption (ECD) did not produce any significant effects in C3H‐f+/+, while it increased lipids profile in MT1 KO with the significant increase observed in total lipids and triglycerides. For metabolic hormones profile, ECD decreased plasma ghrelin and increased plasma insulin in MT1 KO females. Under control condition, MT1 KO females have significantly different body weight, fat mass, total lipids and total cholesterol than the control C3H‐f+/+ females.ConclusionOur data show that melatonin‐proficient mice are not affected by ECD. When the MT1 receptors are removed, ECD induced dyslipidaemia in males and females with females experiencing the most adverse effect. Overall, our data demonstrate that MT1 signalling is an essential modulator of lipid and metabolic homeostasis during ECD.
A 3 year post‐intervention follow‐up on mortality in advanced heart failure (EVITA vitamin D supplementation trial)
Authors: Zittermann Armin , Ernst Jana B. , Prokop Sylvana , Fuchs Uwe , Berthold Heiner K. , Gouni‐Berthold Ioanna , Gummert Jan F. , Pilz Stefan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsVitamin D supplementation is widely used in the clinical setting, but its effects on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure are unclear. This paper reports outcome data that were collected during follow‐up of 3 years after closure of the EVITA trial (a 3 year randomized, placebo‐controlled, intervention study with 4000 IU vitamin D daily in patients with advanced heart failure), to capture potential latency effects of vitamin D supplementation on clinical outcomes.Methods and resultsThe prespecified primary endpoint was overall mortality. Secondary endpoints included hospitalization, mechanical circulatory support implantation, high urgent listing for heart transplantation, and heart transplantation. For group comparisons, we used Cox regression models with a time‐dependent categorical covariate. The calculated net difference in circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D between the vitamin D and placebo groups dropped from 60.9 nmol/L at the end of the active study period to 3.2 nmol/L at the end of the post‐intervention period. During the entire 6 year period, 73 patients (36.5%) died in the placebo group and 76 (38.8%) in the vitamin D group. Out of these 149 patients, 36 and 39 died during the first 3 years, and 37 and 37 during the second 3 years, respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) for mortality in the vitamin D versus the placebo group was 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68–1.66] for the first 3 years and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.68–1.70) for the 3 year post‐intervention follow‐up. Compared with the placebo group, the HRs for hospitalization and for mechanical circulatory support implant were significantly higher in the vitamin D group during vitamin D supplementation (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01–1.68 and HR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.08–3.76, respectively) but not after vitamin D discontinuation (HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.62–1.94 and HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.38–2.56, respectively). There was no significant time‐dependent effect on the risk of high urgent listing for heart transplantation and heart transplantation.ConclusionsNo beneficial latency effects of vitamin D supplementation on overall mortality could be demonstrated. Instead, the disappearance of unfavourable findings in the vitamin D group (higher HRs for hospitalization and for mechanical circulatory support implant) after vitamin D discontinuation supports the assumption of adverse vitamin D effects on the cardiovascular system at doses of 4000 IU daily.
Sensitive Determination of 17β‐Estradiol using a Magneto Sensor Based on Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer
Authors: Nunes da Silva Daniela , Leijoto de Oliveira Hanna , Borges Keyller Bastos , Pereira Arnaldo César 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe analysis of 17β‐estradiol with high sensitivity and selectivity is extremely relevant to control the impacts that this compound can cause on health and the environment. Thus, we describe the development and application of a magneto carbon paste electrode based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MCPE‐MMIP) for determination of 17β‐estradiol. The analyte adsorbed on the MMIP was immobilized on the electrode surface by magnetic capture. The morphological and structural characterization of the obtained MMIP suggests that the material was effectively synthesized. MCPE‐MMIP showed an improvement in the sensitivity for 17β‐estradiol detection when compared to electrode configurations in the absence of this material. The optimum conditions (0.10 mol L−1 phosphate buffer pH 7.0) were reached by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV), in which the method presented linearity ranged from 0.06 to 175 μmol L−1 with limits of detection and quantification of 0.02 and 0.06 μmol L−1, respectively. The proposed sensor was applied effectively in the analysis of 17β‐estradiol in river water and raw milk samples, exhibiting excellent recovery values (between 96.20 and 104 %), which were confirmed by HPLC analysis.
Optimization of a cavern‐based compressed air energy storage facility with an efficient adaptive genetic algorithm
Authors: Ebrahimi Mehdi , Ting David S‐K. , Carriveau Rupp , McGillis Andrew , Young Davin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDue to the dynamic interactions of the components of cavern‐based compressed air energy storage plants, optimizing this system is challenging and a small change in the design parameters, such mass flow rate, compression ratio, expansion ratio can significantly alter the efficiency of the entire system. An adaptive genetic algorithm has been invoked to overcome this challenge, with system efficiency and exergy efficiency as the objective functions. The proposed method provides more flexibility to the optimization process; instead of using fixed rates for the mutation percentage, it is adjusted individually based on the feedback from both the intensity of a component's distributions in the design space and the relative objective function of that component in comparison to other components. The method is utilized for the efficiency optimization of an 80 MW plant with 9° of freedom. For performing the optimization process an automatic coupling between HYSYS and MATLAB was used. The proposed search algorithm discovered a significantly wider range of data by increasing the chance of design parameters relocation with efficient shifting of the searching domain. Outcomes indicated the merit of the algorithm by 6.4% increase in the efficiency of the plant as well as notably decreasing the number of objective function evaluations.
Performance Analysis of an Air‐Breathing Micro‐Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with an Extended Anode Region
Authors: Zhang Y. , Wilkinson D. P. , Taghipour F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA design approach of extending the anode zone for miniaturization of the fuel cells was investigated in an air‐breathing micro‐direct methanol fuel cell (µDMFC) with an extended anode catalyst region on the walls of the fuel flow channel. This non‐conventional design is demonstrated to be a feasible approach to enhance the volumetric power density of a micro‐direct methanol fuel cell by increasing the total anode catalyst amount without affecting the cell dimensions. The fuel cell with extra anode catalyst on the fuel channel walls improves the maximum power density of a micro‐fuel cell by at least 20% compared to the conventional design with only a catalyst coated membrane (CCM). The effects of key operating conditions on the overall cell and individual electrode performances are examined. The mass transport of methanol to the catalyst active sites is more efficient in the fuel cell with anode catalyst on both the membrane and channel walls than the conventional fuel cell design with anode catalyst only on the membrane.
Numerische Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Reaktionspfählen auf statische Pfahlprobebelastungen
Authors: Henke Sascha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag wird im Rahmen einer numerischen Variationsstudie der Einfluss von Reaktionspfählen auf das Last‐Verformungs‐Verhalten des Probepfahls im Rahmen von statischen Pfahlprobebelastungen untersucht. Hierbei werden die Einflussfaktoren lichter Abstand der Pfähle untereinander, Pfahllängen, Länge der Reaktionspfähle im Verhältnis zur Probepfahllänge sowie die Anzahl der Reaktionspfähle untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass bei einigen Konfigurationen die Empfehlungen des Arbeitskreises „Pfähle“ (EA Pfähle) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geotechnik e. V. (DGGT) hinsichtlich des einzuhaltenden Mindestabstands der Pfähle zueinander nicht ausreichend sind, um einen Einfluss der Reaktionspfähle auf das Tragverhalten des Probepfahls zu vermeiden.
Ableitung der Tragfähigkeit aus Probebelastungen an Betonstopfsäulen
Authors: Lerch Maximilian , Neidhart Thomas , Bubenicek Michal , Pandrea Paul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeben den konventionellen Pfahlgründungen werden bei ungünstigen Baugrundverhältnissen oft pfahlartige Tragglieder verwendet, um den Anforderungen an Gebrauchstauglichkeit und Standsicherheit bei der Gründung von Bauwerken gerecht zu werden. Um Erkenntnisse über das Tragverhalten der Säulen zu erlangen, wurden Probebelastungen durchgeführt. Hierbei kamen statische und dynamische Probebelastungen zum Einsatz. Die Tragglieder wurden mit faseroptischer Messtechnik ausgestattet, um eine getrennte Ermittlung der Mantel‐ und Spitzenwiderstände zu ermöglichen. Die aus den Messungen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zum Lastabtragungsverhalten zeigen, dass die pfahlartigen Tragglieder aufgrund ihrer Herstellung höhere Gesamt‐ und insbesondere Mantelwiderstände als Schneckenortbetonpfähle, die als Referenz mit gleichem Durchmesser und gleicher Einbindelänge in identischen Baugrundverhältnissen gefertigt wurden, aufweisen. Es wird gezeigt, dass praxisübliche Bemessungsverfahren das gemessene Last‐Setzungs‐Verhalten nur bedingt wiedergeben. Die Versuchsergebnisse stellen die Grundlage für zukünftige Anpassungen der Bemessungsverfahren für pfahlartige Tragglieder dar.
Evaluating compliance with process‐related quality metrics and survival in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: Multi‐institutional oral cavity collaboration study
Authors: Liu Sara W. , Woody Neil M. , Wei Wei , Appachi Swathi , Contrera Kevin J. , Tsai Jillian C. , Ghanem Ahmed I. , Matia Brian , Joshi Nikhil P. , Geiger Jessica L. , Ku Jamie A. , Burkey Brian B. , Scharpf Joseph , Prendes Brandon L. , Caudell Jimmy J. , Dunlap Neal E. , Adelstein David J. , Porceddu Sandro , Liu Howard , Siddiqui Farzan , Lee Nancy Y. , Koyfman Shlomo , Lamarre Eric D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundProcess‐related measures have been proposed as quality metrics in head and neck cancer care. A recent single‐institution study identified four key metrics associated with increased survival. This study sought to validate the association of these quality metrics with survival in a multi‐institutional cohort.MethodsMulticenter retrospective study of patients with oral cavity squamous cell (1/2005‐1/2015). Baseline patient and disease characteristics and compliance with quality metrics was evaluated. Association between compliance with quality metrics with overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and disease‐specific survival (DSS) was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsFailure to comply with two or more of the quality metrics was associated with worse OS, DFS, and DSS. Adherence to all or all but one of the quality metrics was found to be associated with improved survival.ConclusionsProcess‐related quality metrics are associated with increased survival in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in a multi‐institutional cohort.
How human factors affect operators' task evolution in Logistics 4.0
Authors: Cimini Chiara , Lagorio Alexandra , Pirola Fabiana , Pinto Roberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe spread of the Industry 4.0 paradigm introduced an increasing number of technological innovations into companies to improve logistics processes. During a transition to Logistics 4.0, it is necessary to consider all the issues that affect logistics, among which human factors (HF) are considered to be the most important. On the basis of the existing scientific literature, this article aimed to identify the relationships between 4.0 technologies implementation and HF concerning the evolution of human activities towards different hypothetical future scenarios (i.e., no changes, work replaced, or work assisted), analysing in detail the HF affected by 4.0 technologies. These relationships, which were summarised in a matrix, were also tested through a single longitudinal case study. The research showed that technology tends to replace logistics operators, not only for dangerous physical tasks but also for cognitive tasks that are stressful and repetitive. Moreover, for some tasks in which many different HF are involved, the evolution is towards operator assistance, rather than replacement.
Post‐Assembly Photomasking of Potassium Acyltrifluoroborates (KATs) for Two‐Photon 3D Patterning of PEG‐Hydrogels
Authors: Song Haewon , Wu Dino , Mazunin Dimitry , Liu Sizhou M. , Sato Yoshikatsu , Broguiere Nicolas , Zenobi‐Wong Marcy , Bode Jeffrey W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChemical ligation reactions of functional groups that can be masked with two‐photon labile protecting groups provide a powerful technology for the three‐dimensional patterning of molecules – including proteins – onto hydrogel scaffolds. In order to utilize readily prepared hydrogels constructed by the potassium acyltrifluoroborate (KAT)‐hydroxylamine amide formation ligation for two‐photon patterning, we have developed a unique post‐polymerization protecting group strategy through the reaction of KATs and dithiols in water and deprotection by two‐photon excitation. After precise 3D spatially confined light irradiation, the unprotected KATs undergo ligations with hydroxylamine‐functionalized superfolder GFP and sulforhodamine B for the composition of three‐dimensional patterns.
Impacts of the periodic wall conditions on the hydromagnetic convective flow of viscoelastic fluid through a vertical channel with Hall current and induced magnetic field
Authors: Singh Jitendra K. , Seth Gauri S. , Savanur Vishwanath 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, a mathematical analysis is presented for the hydromagnetic convective flow of an incompressible, chemically reacting, and electrically and thermally conducting viscoelastic fluid through a vertical channel bounded by the porous regime under the action of an applied magnetic field with Hall current and induced magnetic field effects. The left wall of the channel is considered to be nonmagnetic, whereas the right wall of the channel is periodically magnetized. The flow within the channel is induced due to the nonuniform wall temperature and concentration, periodic pressure gradient, and periodic movement of the right wall. The method of separation of variable is used to convert the flow governing coupled partial differential equations into the ordinary differential equations that are solved analytically, and the solution for fluid velocity, induced magnetic field, temperature, and concentration is presented in a closed form. Numerical computation has been performed to demonstrate the impact of various system parameters on the fluid flow behavior. It is observed that oscillations increase the primary flow and primary induced magnetic field. Buoyancy forces have a tendency to lessen the secondary induced magnetic field. Furthermore, it is examined that magnetic diffusivity increases the primary flow, whereas it decreases the secondary flow and primary induced magnetic field.
Children's concepts of personal values
Authors: Shachnai Reut , Daniel Ella 
Published: September 2020

AbstractValues (e.g., achievement, helping) describe what is important to people in their lives. Past studies show that children's values are similar across ages and resemble the values of adults, but this study investigated areas in which concepts of values may vary with age. N = 122 children aged 5 to 12 (mean = 8.97, SD = 1.88) were interviewed regarding values important and unimportant to them. Responses were coded for their level of adherence to conceptual elements in the definition of values. Above and beyond verbal expression abilities, older children's value descriptions were more abstract, transcended specific situations, and were motivation, not behaviour based. In particular, 9–12‐year‐old children consistently outperformed 5–8‐year‐old children across value conceptualization measures. Furthermore, across ages, girls and children valuing self‐transcendence and openness to change described their values more abstractly than boys and children valuing self‐enhancement and conservation. Findings suggest children's values undergo processes of conceptual formation.
Industrial development dynamics: An exquisite examination of European Union and United Kingdom
Authors: Jawad Muhammad , Maroof Zaib , Naz Munazza 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA better functioning industrial sector matters directly for growth and contributes indirectly to poverty alleviation, unemployment reduction, trade promotion, exchange of goods and services, increased per capital income, GDP growth and so forth. in developed and Least developed countries (LDC). Nonetheless, after global financial crisis and fall of Bretton wood system a new debate was generated to re‐examine the issue after the implementation of financial liberalization policies in different economies. Therefore the present research focuses on examining the predominant determinants of industrial developments for a sample of developed economies and check the comparison between European Union (27 Countries) and United Kingdom. The explicit aim of the present research is to investigate the association between capital account openness (CAO), trade openness (TO), equity openness (EO) and industrial development (IDV) for economies of Europe (EU without UK) and United Kingdom (UK). Time series data set over 1986 to 2017 was employed for empirical analysis. Industrial development was measured by industry value added; KAOPEN as a measure of CAO, TO measured by the ratio of the sum of imports and exports relative to GDP and EO measured by market capitalization divided by GDP. The data sources predominantly included International Financial Statistics and World Development Indicators. Stationarity of data was measured through augmented Dickey–Fuller test, OLS regression was used to examine the association and percentage variation between the study variables. Findings reported only EO and TO as significant predictor of industry development in case of EU. However, EO, TO and CAO does not contribute as a significant determinant in case of United Kingdom. Lastly, the study also explains tremors, subsequent effects and magnitudes, intra‐ and inter‐reliance of constructs under consideration by employing vector auto‐regression (VAR), impulse response function and variance decomposition.