bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Parallel Fuzzing with Multi-candidate Task Scheduling
Authors: Li Sisi , Li Ruilin , Ye Jiaxi , Tang Chaojing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Parallel fuzzing is a widely used technique for bug detection. It improves fuzzing performance by taking full advantage of the computing resource. Nevertheless, existing parallel fuzzing approaches fail to extend fuzzing optimizations of single mode to parallel mode, due to the lack of efficient information synchronization and task division. To address the challenge, researchers propose a parallel fuzzing framework that combines guiding information synchronization with task division based on branch bitmap to improve the performance of the fuzzers in parallel mode. However, when augmenting existing fuzzers with the parallel framework, we find two types of limitations caused by some mechanisms of the fuzzers, such as task scheduling mechanism. In this paper, we present an optimized parallel fuzzing approach to improve fuzzing efficiency by making valuable tasks executed as much as possible. On the one hand, we introduce a multi-candidate task scheduling mechanism, which takes multiple tasks corresponding to an input as candidates, rather than one to obtain the chances of executing tasks that are valuable but can be missed. On the other hand, we apply a synchronization information-centric design solution to some mechanisms of the fuzzers and take synchronization information as a good indicator to decide whether the parallel instances ought to shift their running mode, which can improve the adaptive ability of parallel instances and facilitate them to timely execute valuable tasks. We implement a prototype system OPAFL on top of Fairfuzz and PAFL, and evaluate its performance on several real-world software. The experimental results show that OPAFL can execute more tasks valuable and achieve higher branch coverage, compared with original parallel mode of Fairfuzz and Fairfuzz augmented with PAFL.
A Command and Control System for Air Defense Forces with Augmented Reality and Multimodal Interaction
Authors: Chen Long , Wang Wei , Qu Jue , Lei Songgui , Li Taojin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This work proposes a framework for the command and control system of air defense forces based on augmented reality technology. The system uses Microsoft HoloLens hardware as a carrier to realize the holographic display of battlefield situation information. The system can help the commander to perceive and control the situation on the battlefield in an efficient manner, in order to reduce the decision-making time of the commander. Commanders can efficiently interact with the system through gestures and voice, deploy simulated military units in the system through gestures, and send commands to weapon systems through the system. At the same time, the system also supports multi-person real-time collaborative operation, which enables the joint decision-making and sharing of commanders. This system is of great significance to improve operational efficiency and reliability, and at the same time provides an open platform for operational process planning, deduction, simulation, and verification evaluation.
English Letter Recognition Based on TensorFlow Deep Learning
Authors: Lei Wang , Xinyan Cao , Maohua Li , Jia’nan Zhao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Image recognition has always been a hot research direction. With the continuous progress of technology theory and application, deep learning has a very significant role in the field of image recognition. Today’s image international competitions and enterprise applications are mainly based on deep learning technology, compared with traditional technologies, deep learning is significantly more effective in the application of feature extraction and algorithm models. This paper based on the TensorFlow framework and use deep learning transfer learning fine-tuning to recognize handwritten English characters. In the course of the experiment, the data enhancement method is used to pre-process the collected data, which can increase the amount of training data and improve the generalization ability of the model. At the same time, the parameters and optimizer are continuously optimized to accelerate the convergence speed and finally reach the convergence loss value. Experimental results show that the application of deep learning algorithms has achieved good results in training model feature extraction and recognition accuracy.
An Image Deblurring Method Based on Improved Dark Channel Prior
Authors: Cheng Lu , Wei Haiping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The traditional dark channel priori has been successfully applied to the single image deblurring problem. According to the characteristics of the dark channel priori, clear images are recovered. However, when the fuzzy image has significant noise pollution, the dark channel prior can not play a role in the fuzzy kernel estimation. The new image denoising method based on the rational order differential inherits the advantages of the total variation denoising method which greatly improves the high frequency part of the image and the fractional order differential denoising method which can well retain the texture details of the image. In this paper, the theory of rational order differential calculation is combined with the dark channel priori of fuzzy image, and an image deblurring method based on the improved dark channel priori is proposed. The specific work is as follows: combining the maximum posterior estimation algorithm and the rational order dark channel prior, a fuzzy image model is constructed; furthermore, the model is solved by using the semi quadratic splitting method. Finally, the multi-scale iterative framework is used to estimate the fuzzy kernel of the accurate image, and then the new non blind image deblurring algorithm can be used to solve the clear image. Experimental results show that the method is effective.
Toward eliminating children’s lead exposure: a comparison of policies and their outcomes in three lead producing and using countries
Authors: Sullivan M , Green D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Though the problem of childhood lead poisoning has been recognized for more than a century, it remains an important threat to children’s health and development. This comparative policy assessment examines and compares environmental and public health policies to prevent children’s exposure of three major lead producing countries. Germany, the USA and Australia were used to explore a range of approaches primarily at the national level to identify best practice, how the lack of finding any ‘safe exposure’ level has been incorporated into policy, and to consider if any international harmonization has occurred. We searched the peer-reviewed literature, government websites, policy documents and grey literature to identify how and when policies were developed, implemented and revised. From this analysis, we present a chronology and discussion of national policy approaches for the main sources of lead exposure for children in each country. We found significant differences in timing and comprehensiveness of environmental policies related to lead. There are significant differences among the countries in biomonitoring and identifying pathways of exposure, with limited information available in Germany and Australia. Though there are significant gaps, the US has the most comprehensive regulations relating to old lead paint in housing, while in Australia, a regulatory framework is lacking. Though all three countries regulate lead in air, the US has the most health protective standard, while Australia lacks the ability to ensure that states meet the national standard. Though each country has developed regulatory frameworks for lead that have reduced children’s exposure, none of the three countries have a comprehensive set of policies that respond to the scientific evidence that there is no identified threshold for lead exposure. While there are differences in the relative importance of lead exposure pathways among the three countries, suggesting the need for different prevention emphases, there is also a strong argument for more international harmonization of exposure standards at the most protective levels. Some environmental policies incorporate current scientific understanding of lead toxicity, however, we identified gaps in standards and enforcement, and as a result, exposure continues to affect the health of children in all three countries.
Decoupling of warming mountain snowpacks from hydrological regimes
Authors: López-Moreno J I , Pomeroy J W , Alonso-González E , Morán-Tejeda E , Revuelto J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Climate warming will reduce the duration of mountain snowpacks and spring runoff, impacting the timing, volume, reliability, and sources of water supplies to mountain headwaters of rivers that support a large proportion of humanity. It is often assumed that snow hydrology will change in proportion to climate warming, but this oversimplifies the complex non-linear physical processes that drive precipitation phases and snowmelt. In this study, snow hydrology predictions made using a physical process snow hydrology model for 44 mountains areas worldwide enabled analysis of how snow and hydrological regimes will respond and interact under climate warming. The results show a generalized decoupling of mountain river hydrology from headwater snowpack regimes. Consequently, most river hydrological regimes shifted from reflecting the seasonal snowmelt freshet to responding rapidly to winter and spring precipitation. Similar to that already observed in particular regions, this study confirms that the worldwide decline in snow accumulation and snow cover duration with climate warming is substantial and spatially variable, yet highly predictable from air temperature and humidity data. Hydrological regimes showed less sensitivity, and less variability in their sensitivity to warming than did snowpack regimes. The sensitivity of the snowpack to warming provides crucial information for estimating shifts in the timing and contribution of snowmelt to runoff. However, no link was found between the magnitude of changes in the snowpack and changes in annual runoff.
Universal and optimal coin sequences for high entanglement generation in 1D discrete time quantum walks
Authors: Gratsea Aikaterini , Metz Friederike , Busch Thomas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Entanglement is a key resource in many quantum information applications and achieving high values independently of the initial conditions is an important task. Here we address the problem of generating highly entangled states in a discrete time quantum walk irrespective of the initial state using two different approaches. First, we present and analyze a deterministic sequence of coin operators which produces high values of entanglement in a universal manner for a class of localized initial states. In a second approach, we optimize the discrete sequence of coin operators using a reinforcement learning algorithm. While the amount of entanglement produced by the deterministic sequence is fully independent of the initial states considered, the optimized sequences achieve in general higher average values of entanglement that do however depend on the initial state parameters. Our proposed sequence and optimization algorithm are especially useful in cases where the initial state is not fully known or entanglement has to be generated in a universal manner for a range of initial states.
Norway’s experience in attracting human resources to the Arctic region
Authors: Simonchuk V D , Yu Nikulina A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Arctic is an important strategic object for Russia, mainly due to the great reserves of minerals. However, the Arctic is a northern region typified by difficult working conditions. The Arctic does not have enabling environment for work in terms of climatic conditions, and remoteness from the center of the country. Consequently, the issue of attracting human capital to the Arctic region arises. Considerable involvement of the government is required to provide the population of the North with everything necessary for living, as well as to grant privileges and guarantees, taking into consideration existing international experience. At the same time, Western Arctic countries have a successful experience in human resources management. The analysis of the government programs aimed to attract and support the population of the Northern regions of Norway is carried out in this article. The most successful cases are identified; recommendations for implementation in the Russian legislation are given.
Simulation of excess nutrient solution volume of greenhouse cucumber under soilless culture
Authors: Hu Jing , Liu Zhennan , Zhuang Jianwu , Dai Bin , Liu Wei , Wang Wei , Zhang Wenhui , Zhou Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The prediction of excess nutrient solution volume was an essential part of re-used of nutrient solution system, and it was determined by volume of irrigation, substract, crop development stage and water content of substract. In order to found simulation model of excess nutrient solution volume, experiments were conducted at Venlo style greenhouse of Jiangsu University on 4-11, 2013. Absorption of perlite and intercept of root of nutrient solution were studied, and a simulation model of excess nutrient solution was found. Other data from different experiment was used to validate the model. The result showed that the coefficients of determination between simulated and measured value based on the 1:1 line were 0.94, and the root mean squared error between the simulated and the measured value was 5.8 mL per plant. The model could give satisfactory prediction of excess nutrient solution volume. A simulation model of excess nutrient solution was firstly found and could afford theoretical guidance to design system of re-used nutrient solution.
The effect of climate change on the climatic regionalization of wine grapes in Northeast of China
Authors: Wang Yanjun , Li Yashan , Wang Xueqiu , Fang Yulin , Liu Xu , Cui Kexu , Cui Changwei , Nan Lijun , Li Yang , Yang Junmei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Northeast China is one of the major wine-making grape bases in China. It is of great significance to study the influence of climate change on grape planting regionalization in northeast China for industrial layout and grape variety selection. According to the 168 weather stations in northeast China Daily meteorological data, calculate the frost-free period, growing season dry degree, active accumulated temperature of April to September, average annual extreme low temperature and other indicators, the 45 years from 1967 to 2011 in the northeast of grapes zoning index change trend, using GIS analysis of wine grapes in the northeast suitable cultivated area change of time and space. The results showed that the temperature increased obviously in the growing season, the indexes such as frost-free period and accumulated temperature of activity increased greatly, the suitable cultivation area of wine grapes expanded greatly to the north, and the dryness changed obviously between generations, showing a rising trend of fluctuation. The impact of climate change on viticulture varies from region to region, but overall, climate change is beneficial to wine viticulture in northeast China. The article also makes a series of Suggestions on how to use the effects of climate change to select varieties and improve wine quality.
Survey of canthaxanthin content in commercial chicken eggs sampled from Hunan province, China
Authors: He Jiang , Wu Xiangqi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Canthaxanthin (Cx) is a feed additive widely used for pigmenting egg yolk. In this study, a ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method was used to detect Cx in commercial chicken eggs sampled from Hunan province, China. Results showed that 43.75% of samples (14 out of 32) possessed detectable amount of Cx, ranging from 0.8 ± 0.2 µg/g to 152.8 ± 10.4 µg/g, and 25.0% of samples (8 out of 32) carried residues of Cx at levels higher than the approved maximum residue limit (MRL = 30.0 µg/g). Interestingly, higher detection rate and above-MRL rate were reported in samples that claimed to be free-range eggs and were collected from traditional farmers’ markets. This survey illustrates that Cx might occasionally be used in excess for breeding hens, in the surveyed area, especially in those that are not branded. Therefore, more strict regulatory measures are urgently required to be taken up by the Chinese government to retain the safety of chicken eggs and to ensure that consumers are not deceived by the color of yolks pigmented with Cx.
Chokeberry thin layer convective drying process modeling and energy efficiency estimation
Authors: Filipović V , Petković M , Filipović J , Miletić N , Durović I , Radovanović J , Lukyanov A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe effective moisture diffusivity (Deff), the energy of activation(Ea)and total energy input (Q) are appropriate parameters for modeling and energy efficiency estimation of the thin layer dehydration process of chokeberry under the different air temperature (50, 55, 60, 65 and 70 °C). Increasing the dehydration temperature will statistically significantly increased theDefffrom 2.93×10-6m2s-1(50 °C) to 7.77×10-6m2s-1(70 °C), and decreased theEi,• from 2594.77 kJ to 2474.35 kJ, respectively. As the drying temperature was increased and consecutive drying time has been reduced (from 37 hours to 23 hours), energy input statistically significantly decreased. Mathematical models showed a good correlation between calculated and experimental values and allowed good prediction of dehydration parameters, enhancing energy efficiency. TheEafor the experimental model of thin layer chokeberry dehydration was 45.37 kJ mol-1.
Improving the efficiency of greenhouses systems by developing algorithms for the synthesis of an optimal lighting spectrum based on the fundamental principles of agrophotonics
Authors: Donskoy D Yu , Klyuchka E P , Lukyanov A D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The question of creating an optimal microclimate for maximum realization of the genetically inherent potential in plants is far from being resolved. This is due to the multi-factor nature of the biotechnical system of greenhouses, the dependence on the number of controlled components of the microclimate and the consistency of their work: light, temperature, etc. Based on this task, we conducted initial research and developed additional lighting algorithms for greenhouse systems. Based on the work of previous years and existing scientific research, the most optimal method for optimizing artificial lighting and linking its intensity to the microclimatic parameters of the system has been determined.
Parametric study of the effect of hydrodynamic cavitation on cellulose in an electromechanical converter with a discrete secondary part
Authors: Kuimov D N , Minkin M S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation is a very effective destructive effect on cellulose fiber. This paper presents a study of the effective parameters of the hydrodynamic cavitation process implemented by an Electromechanical Converter with a discrete secondary part for effective pretreatment of cellulose fiber.
5G tool for evaluation and comparision of energy efficiency of mobile radio channel using second-order statistics
Authors: Stefanović N , Kar A , Mladenović V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to increase energy efficiency over transmissions channels, common approach for optimization tasks is by means of channel’s second-order statistics. Actual channel modeling tools for 5G networks end with channel’s first-order statistics, although these metrics are not sufficient when channel conditions are rapidly changing, either in time, frequency or space. In this paper, we establish a tool for evaluation and comparision of energy efficiency of mobile radio channel using its second-order statistics, especially level crossing rate (LCR) and average fade durations (AFD), as they can implicitly pinpoint to transmission configurations that are energy efficient or, as oposit, become a waste of energy. Using both deterministic and stochastic channel modeling, we present results after simulations of Rayleigh channel for narrowband case and further extend it to passband cases, suitable for 5G scenario. We conclude about the energy efficiency of different transmission schemes used by the 5G physical layer observing LCR and AFD values.
Diffraction losses of a Fabry-Perot cavity with nonidentical non-spherical mirrors
Authors: Poplavskiy Mikhail V , Matsko Andrey B , Yamamoto Hiroaki , Vyatchanin Sergey P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Optical cavities, with both optimized resonant conditions and high quality factors, are important metrological tools. In particular, they are used for laser gravitational wave (GW) detectors. In order to have high cavity powers in GW detectors, it is necessary to suppress the parametric instability and to reduce the loss in the arm caused by point absorbers by damping the resonant conditions of harmful higher order optical modes (HOOM). This can be achieved effectively by using non spherical mirrors in symmetric Fabry–Perot (FP) cavities by increasing roundtrip losses of HOOMs Ferdous F et al 2014 Phys. Rev. A 90 033826; Matsko A et al 2016 Phys. Rev. D 93 083010. FP cavities in most of the GW detectors have non-identical mirrors to optimize clipping losses and reduce thermal noise by reducing the beam size on one side of the cavity facing to the beam splitter and recycling cavities. We present here a general method to design non spherical non-identical mirrors in non-symmetric FP cavities to damp HOOMs. The proposed design allows us to suppress the loss of the arm power caused by point absorbers on test masses.
Optical force acting on a particle in a reverse energy flow near the focus of a gradient lens
Authors: Nalimov Anton G , Stafeev Sergey S , Kotlyar Victor V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We show that if a dielectric nanoparticle (with a diameter of ∼70 nm) is placed on the optical axis near the surface (at a distance of less than 100 nm) of a high-aperture silicon gradient microlens with a refractive index in the form of a hyperbolic secant, and the lens is illuminated by laser radiation with a wavelength of 1.55 μm, then the particle is attracted to the lens surface with a force of a fraction of a piconewton. If there is a nanohole in the lens output surface, then the nanoparticle is pulled into it. This represents a kind of an ‘optical magnet.’ If a reverse energy flow is formed on the optical axis near the output surface of a gradient lens, then its presence leads to the fact that a dielectric nanoparticle with absorption will be ‘attracted’ to the surface with a greater force than a similar particle without absorption. In the absence of a reverse flow, both particles (with and without absorption) are attracted equally. We show also that in the nanohole, where the reverse energy flux is maximum, the light is right-hand circularly polarized, although the lens is illuminated by a left-hand circularly polarized light. The fields are calculated using the finite difference method in the time domain and the forces are calculated using the Maxwell stress tensor.