bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of post-anesthesia recovery time in sedated patients for colonoscopy using midazolam or fentanyl associated with propofol
Authors: Magnus Gisela , de Freitas Flausino Gustavo , de Siqueira Caroline Guimaraes Dantas , Coelho Gabriela Carvalho Simões , Caetano Maria Eduarda Casasanta , Gomez Renato Santiago 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective Comparison of post-anesthesia recovery time in sedated patients for colonoscopy using two drug combinations: midazolam and propofol or fentanyl and propofol.
Method Fifty patients ASA I and II, from 18 to 65 years of age, candidates for elective colonoscopy under sedation administered by an anesthesiologist, were randomized in two groups: Group A (midazolam and propofol) and Group B (fentanyl and propofol). Each patient was evaluated as for the length of the exam (Exam length), length of stay in the post-anesthesia care unit 1 and 2 (LSPACU1 and LSPACU2) and hospital discharge. Episodes of awakening, and of movement, drop in SpO2 < 90%, need for mechanical ventilation, propofol consumption, heart rate (HR) and mean blood pressure (MBP) were also evaluated.
Results Patients of group B had a recovery time in LSPACU1 statistically shorter than that for those in group A. In both groups, LSPACU1 was considered inversely proportional to LSPACU2. Hospital discharge time was similar between groups. Patients of group B had a significant decrease in MBP during and at the end of the exam, when compared to the initial measurement and that during sedation. Nevertheless, this variation was lower than 20%. No adverse event was observed. All patients were discharged on the same day, with no unexpected hospitalization.
Conclusions The combined use of fentanyl and propofol for colonoscopy sedation had a post-anesthesia recovery time in LSPACU1 shorter than that with the combination of midazolam and propofol. Nevertheless hospital discharge time was similar between groups.
Repair of the middle and posterior compartments of the pelvic floor via perineal and vaginal routes without the use of mesh - technique description and case series
Authors: Nogueira Raquel Ferreira , Macedo Renata Soares Paolinelli Botinha , Mônica de Oliveira Leite Sinara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Currently, problems such as constipation due to outlet obstruction, rectal/vaginal prolapse and fecal and urinary incontinence have become increasingly more frequent because of the population aging process, with great impact on the quality of life.
Objective To describe a technique for surgical repair of middle/posterior pelvic floor compartments and extra-mucosal rectal wall treatment by transperineal and vaginal approach, using native tissues and present the results in twenty patients submitted to this surgical technique.
Method Patients with symptoms secondary to middle/posterior pelvic floor descent and anatomical changes confirmed by proctological exam and pelvic MRI defecography. Results were evaluated through the Agachan constipation score, using pre- and post-operative questionnaires.
Results Immediate repair of rectocele and musculature, with prompt improvement of constipation, sustained by 42 months. There were no severe complications in the postoperative period.
Conclusion This is an effective technique, with adequate anatomic repair, improvement of constipation scores and with low risk.
The impact of beta-lactam allergy labels on hospitalized children
Authors: Jones Trahern W. , Fino Nora , Olson Jared , Hersh Adam L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and objectives:Antibiotic allergy labels are common and are frequently inaccurate. Previous studies among adults demonstrate that β-lactam allergy labels may lead to adverse outcomes, including prescription of broader-spectrum antibiotics, increased costs, and increased lengths of stay, among others. However, data among pediatric patients are lacking, especially in the United States. In this study, we sought to determine the impact of β-lactam allergy labels in hospitalized children with regards to clinical and economic outcomes.Method:This retrospective cohort study included pediatric patients 30 days to 17 years old, hospitalized at Intermountain Healthcare facilities from 2007 to 2017, who received ≥1 dose of an antibiotic during their admission. Patients with β-lactam allergies were matched to nonallergic patients based on age, sex, clinical service line, admission date, academic children’s hospital or other hospital admission, and the presence of chronic, comorbid conditions. Outcomes included receipt of broader-spectrum antibiotics, clinical outcomes including length of stay and readmission, and antibiotic and hospitalization costs.Results:In total, 38,906 patients were identified. The prevalence of antibiotic allergy increased from 0.9% among those < 1 year peaked at 10.6% by age 17. Patients with β-lactam allergy received broader-spectrum antibiotics and experienced higher antibiotic costs than nonallergic controls. However, there were no differences in the length of stay, readmission rates, or total number of days of antibiotics between allergic and nonallergic patients.Conclusions:Hospitalized pediatric patients with β-lactam allergy labels receive broader-spectrum antibiotics and experience increased antibiotic costs. This represents an important opportunity for allergy delabeling and antibiotic stewardship.
Attachment and Relationship Satisfaction: Mediating Role of Perception of the Partner's Investment
Authors: Londero-Santos Amanda , Natividade Jean Carlos , Féres-Carneiro Terezinha 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study investigated the role of perception of the partner's investment (PPI) as a mediator of the relation between attachment and relationship satisfaction. The participants in the study were 1088 Brazilians who were involved in a committed monogamous romantic relationship. Relations between study variables were tested using structural equations. The results showed that PPI fully mediated the relation between attachment-related anxiety and avoidance and relationship satisfaction. Attachment factors that were mediated by PPI explained 80.7% of the variance of relationship satisfaction. The results revealed that higher levels of attachment-related avoidance and anxiety were associated with a lower PPI and consequently lower relationship satisfaction. Therapeutic interventions for couples may reduce perceptual bias, mainly when attachment levels of the dyad are known.
Triatoma infestans susceptibility to different Trypanosoma cruzi strains: parasite development and early escape from anterior midgut
Authors: Paranaiba Larissa F. , Soares Rodrigo P. , Guarneri Alessandra A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe escape kinetics from the anterior midgut (AM) of Trypanosoma cruzi during the initial steps of infection was assessed in Triatoma infestans, as well as its ability to survive migration in the digestive tract of the vector. All the four strains evaluated survived and reached variable parasite densities. After 49–50 days, YuYu [discrete typing units (DTU) I] strain reached the highest parasite numbers in the rectum followed by Bug (DTU V), CL-Brener (DTU VI) and Dm28c (DTU I). All strains accomplished metacyclogenesis. Bug strain reached the highest numbers of metacyclic trypomastigotes followed by YuYu and CL-Brener/Dm28c. A remarkable parasite reduction in the AM for Bug strain, but not Dm28c was noticed at 72 h of infection. In the posterior midgut + rectum high densities of parasites from both strains were detected at this period indicating the parasites crossed the AM. For Dm28c strain, in infections initiated with trypomastigotes, parasites left AM faster than those starting with epimastigotes. In conclusion, T. cruzi strains from different DTUs were able to infect T. infestans reaching variable parasite densities. The kinetics of migration in the digestive tract may be affected by strain and/or the evolutive form used for infection.
COHERENCE, LOCAL INDICABILITY AND NONPOSITIVE IMMERSIONS
Authors: Wise Daniel T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe examine 2-complexes $X$ with the property that for any compact connected $Y$, and immersion $Y\rightarrow X$, either $\unicode[STIX]{x1D712}(Y)\leqslant 0$ or $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70B}_{1}Y=1$. The mapping torus of an endomorphism of a free group has this property. Every irreducible 3-manifold with boundary has a spine with this property. We show that the fundamental group of any 2-complex with this property is locally indicable. We outline evidence supporting the conjecture that this property implies coherence. We connect the property to asphericity. Finally, we prove coherence for 2-complexes with a stricter form of this property. As a corollary, every one-relator group with torsion is coherent.
Cohesional Slip on a Plate Subduction Boundary During a Large Earthquake
Authors: Kameda Jun , Hamada Yohei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe frontal part of the Japan Trench plate boundary fault, which slipped during the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake (Mw 9.0), is enriched in smectite and is intrinsically weak owing to the high swelling pressure of this mineral. Our rheometric experiments using analog fault materials demonstrate that “cohesional slip,” rather than frictional slip, is a realistic faulting process in the studied fault zone. The cohesional slip can be described by the Bingham plastic model. Consequently, the coseismic shear stress is described by the yield stress and plastic viscosity. Comparison of the results with the average shear stress derived from a previous study suggests that the slip zone thickness for cohesional slip is ~1.3 cm or less. This finding is consistent with textures characterized by discrete slip planes of comparable thickness observed in the recovered fault rocks, suggesting that these slip planes were activated during the Tohoku‐Oki earthquake.
Integrated Borehole, Radar, and Seismic Velocity Analysis Reveals Dynamic Spatial Variations Within a Firn Aquifer in Southeast Greenland
Authors: Killingbeck S. F. , Schmerr N. C. , Montgomery L. N. , Booth A. D. , Livermore P. W. , Guandique J. , Miller O. L. , Burdick S. , Forster R. R. , Koenig L. S. , Legchenko A. , Ligtenberg S. R. M. , Miège C. , Solomon D. K. , West L. J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPerennial water storage in firn aquifers has been observed within the lower percolation zone of the southeast Greenland ice sheet. Spatially distributed seismic and radar observations, made ~50 km upstream of the Helheim Glacier terminus, reveal spatial variations of seismic velocity within a firn aquifer. From 1.65 to 1.8 km elevation, shear‐wave velocity (Vs) is 1,290 ± 180 m/s in the unsaturated firn, decreasing below the water table (~15 m depth) to 1,130 ± 250 m/s. Below 1.65 km elevation, Vs in the saturated firn is 1,270 ± 220 m/s. The compressional‐to‐shear velocity ratio decreases in the downstream saturated zone, from 2.30 ± 0.54 to 2.01 ± 0.46, closer to its value for pure ice (2.00). Consistent with colocated firn cores, these results imply an increasing concentration of ice in the downstream sites, reducing the porosity and storage potential of the firn likely caused by episodic melt and freeze during the evolution of the aquifer.
Progression-free survival at 24 months and subsequent survival of patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma: a China Lymphoma Collaborative Group (CLCG) study
Authors: Yang Yong , Wang Ying , Liu Xin , He Xia , Zhang Li-Ling , Wu Gang , Qu Bao-Lin , Qian Li-Ting , Hou Xiao-Rong , Zhang Fu-Quan , Qiao Xue-Ying , Wang Hua , Li Gao-Feng , Zhu Yuan , Cao Jian-Zhong , Wu Jun-Xin , Wu Tao , Zhu Su-Yu , Shi Mei , Xu Li-Ming , Su Hang , Song Yu-Qin , Zhu Jun , Zhang Yu-Jing , Huang Hui-Qiang , Hu Chen , Qi Shu-Nan , Li Ye-Xiong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLimited evidence supports the use of early endpoints to evaluate the success of initial treatment of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) in the modern era. We aim to analyze progression-free survival at 24 months (PFS24) and subsequent overall survival (OS) in a large-scale multicenter cohort of patients. 1790 patients were included from the China Lymphoma Collaborative Group (CLCG) database. Subsequent OS was defined from the time of PFS24 or progression within 24 months to death. OS was compared with age- and sex-matched general Chinese population using expected survival and standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Patients who did not achieve PFS24 had a median OS of 5.3 months after progression, with 5-year OS rate of 19.2% and the SMR of 71.4 (95% CI, 62.9–81.1). In contrast, 74% patients achieved PFS24, and the SMR after achieving PFS24 was 1.77 (95% CI, 1.34–2.34). The observed OS rate after PFS24 versus expected OS rate at 5 years was 92.2% versus 94.3%. Similarly, superior outcomes following PFS24 were observed in early-stage patients (5-year OS rate, 92.9%). Patients achieving PFS24 had excellent outcome, whereas patients exhibiting earlier progression had a poor survival. These marked differences suggest that PFS24 may be used for study design and risk stratification in ENKTCL.
Benchmarking microbial growth rate predictions from metagenomes
Authors: Long Andrew M , Hou Shengwei , Ignacio-Espinoza J Cesar , Fuhrman Jed A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Growth rates are central to understanding microbial interactions and community dynamics. Metagenomic growth estimators have been developed, specifically codon usage bias (CUB) for maximum growth rates and “peak-to-trough ratio” (PTR) for in situ rates. Both were originally tested with pure cultures, but natural populations are more heterogeneous, especially in individual cell histories pertinent to PTR. To test these methods, we compared predictors with observed growth rates of freshly collected marine prokaryotes in unamended seawater. We prefiltered and diluted samples to remove grazers and greatly reduce virus infection, so net growth approximated gross growth. We sampled over 44 h for abundances and metagenomes, generating 101 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), including Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, SAR406, MGII archaea, etc. We tracked each MAG population by cell-abundance-normalized read recruitment, finding growth rates of 0 to 5.99 per day, the first reported rates for several groups, and used these rates as benchmarks. PTR, calculated by three methods, rarely correlated to growth (r ~−0.26–0.08), except for rapidly growing γ-Proteobacteria (r ~0.63–0.92), while CUB correlated moderately well to observed maximum growth rates (r = 0.57). This suggests that current PTR approaches poorly predict actual growth of most marine bacterial populations, but maximum growth rates can be approximated from genomic characteristics.
The triterpenoid sapogenin (2α-OH-Protopanoxadiol) ameliorates metabolic syndrome via the intestinal FXR/GLP-1 axis through gut microbiota remodelling
Authors: Xie Zhifu , Jiang Haowen , Liu Wei , Zhang Xinwen , Chen Dakai , Sun Shuimei , Zhou Chendong , Liu Jia , Bao Sheng , Wang Xiachang , Zhang Yinan , Li Jia , Hu Lihong , Li Jingya 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGypenosides, extracts of Gynostemma yixingense, have been traditionally prescribed to improve metabolic syndrome in Asian folk and local traditional medicine hospitals. However, the mechanism of its action remains unclarified. In this work, our results indicated that chronic administration of 2α-OH-protopanoxadiol (GP2), a metabolite of gypenosides in vivo, protected mice from high-fat diet-induced obesity and improved glucose tolerance by improving intestinal L-cell function. Mechanistically, GP2 treatment inhibited the enzymatic activity of bile salt hydrolase and modulated the proportions of the gut microbiota, which led to an increase in the accumulation of tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA) in the intestine. TβMCA induced GLP-1 production and secretion by reducing the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Transplantation of GP2-remodelled fecal microbiota into antibiotic-treated mice also increased the intestinal TβMCA content and improved intestinal L-cell function. These findings demonstrate that GP2 ameliorates metabolic syndrome at least partly through the intestinal FXR/GLP-1 axis via gut microbiota remodelling and also suggest that GP2 may serve as a promising oral therapeutic agent for metabolic syndrome.
DRAM1 plays a tumor suppressor role in NSCLC cells by promoting lysosomal degradation of EGFR
Authors: Geng Ji , Zhang Rong , Yuan Xiao , Xu Haidong , Zhu Zhou , Wang Xinxin , Wang Yan , Xu Guoqiang , Guo Wenjie , Wu Junchao , Qin Zheng-Hong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. DNA damage-regulated autophagy modulator 1 (DRAM1) plays an important roles in autophagy and tumor progression. However, the mechanisms by which DRAM1 inhibits tumor growth are not fully understood. Here, we report that DRAM1 was decreased in nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and was associated with poor prognosis. We confirmed that DRAM1 inhibited the growth, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of DRAM1 suppressed xenografted NSCLC tumors in vivo. DRAM1 increased EGFR endocytosis and lysosomal degradation, downregulating EGFR signaling pathway. On one side, DRAM1 interacted with EPS15 to promote EGFR endocytosis, as evidence by the results of proximity labeling followed by proteomics; on the other, DRAM1 recruited V-ATP6V1 subunit to lysosomes, thereby increasing the assemble of the V-ATPase complex, resulting in decreased lysosomal pH and increased activation of lysosomal proteases. These two actions of DRAM1 results in acceleration of EGFR degradation. In summary, these in vitro and in vivo studies uncover a novel mechanism through which DRAM1 suppresses oncogenic properties of NSCLC by regulating EGFR trafficking and degradation and highlights the potential value of DRAM1 as a prognostic biomarker in lung cancers.
Chemical engineering of quasicrystal approximants in lanthanide-based coordination solids
Authors: Voigt Laura , Kubus Mariusz , Pedersen Kasper S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTessellation of self-assembling molecular building blocks is a promising strategy to design metal-organic materials exhibiting geometrical frustration and ensuing frustrated physical properties. Appearing in two-dimensional quasiperiodic phases, tilings consisting of five-vertex nodes are regarded as approximants for quasicrystals. Unfortunately, these structural motifs are exceedingly rare due to the complications of acquiring five-fold coordination confined to the plane. Lanthanide ions display the sufficient coordinative plasticity, and large ionic radii, to allow their incorporation into irregular molecule-based arrays. We herein present the use of ytterbium(II) as a five-vertex node in a two-dimensional coordination solid, YbI2(4,4′-bipyridine)2.5. The semi-regular Archimedean tessellation structure verges on quasicrystallinity and paves the way for lanthanide-based metal-organic materials with interesting photonic and magnetic properties.
Wood hemicelluloses exert distinct biomechanical contributions to cellulose fibrillar networks
Authors: Berglund Jennie , Mikkelsen Deirdre , Flanagan Bernadine M. , Dhital Sushil , Gaunitz Stefan , Henriksson Gunnar , Lindström Mikael E. , Yakubov Gleb E. , Gidley Michael J. , Vilaplana Francisco 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHemicelluloses, a family of heterogeneous polysaccharides with complex molecular structures, constitute a fundamental component of lignocellulosic biomass. However, the contribution of each hemicellulose type to the mechanical properties of secondary plant cell walls remains elusive. Here we homogeneously incorporate different combinations of extracted and purified hemicelluloses (xylans and glucomannans) from softwood and hardwood species into self-assembled networks during cellulose biosynthesis in a bacterial model, without altering the morphology and the crystallinity of the cellulose bundles. These composite hydrogels can be therefore envisioned as models of secondary plant cell walls prior to lignification. The incorporated hemicelluloses exhibit both a rigid phase having close interactions with cellulose, together with a flexible phase contributing to the multiscale architecture of the bacterial cellulose hydrogels. The wood hemicelluloses exhibit distinct biomechanical contributions, with glucomannans increasing the elastic modulus in compression, and xylans contributing to a dramatic increase of the elongation at break under tension. These diverging effects cannot be explained solely from the nature of their direct interactions with cellulose, but can be related to the distinct molecular structure of wood xylans and mannans, the multiphase architecture of the hydrogels and the aggregative effects amongst hemicellulose-coated fibrils. Our study contributes to understanding the specific roles of wood xylans and glucomannans in the biomechanical integrity of secondary cell walls in tension and compression and has significance for the development of lignocellulosic materials with controlled assembly and tailored mechanical properties.
Rapid incorporation of Favipiravir by the fast and permissive viral RNA polymerase complex results in SARS-CoV-2 lethal mutagenesis
Authors: Shannon Ashleigh , Selisko Barbara , Le Nhung-Thi-Tuyet , Huchting Johanna , Touret Franck , Piorkowski Géraldine , Fattorini Véronique , Ferron François , Decroly Etienne , Meier Chris , Coutard Bruno , Peersen Olve , Canard Bruno 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe ongoing Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has emphasized the urgent need for antiviral therapeutics. The viral RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (RdRp) is a promising target with polymerase inhibitors successfully used for the treatment of several viral diseases. We demonstrate here that Favipiravir predominantly exerts an antiviral effect through lethal mutagenesis. The SARS-CoV RdRp complex is at least 10-fold more active than any other viral RdRp known. It possesses both unusually high nucleotide incorporation rates and high-error rates allowing facile insertion of Favipiravir into viral RNA, provoking C-to-U and G-to-A transitions in the already low cytosine content SARS-CoV-2 genome. The coronavirus RdRp complex represents an Achilles heel for SARS-CoV, supporting nucleoside analogues as promising candidates for the treatment of COVID-19.
In vivo localization of chronically implanted electrodes and optic fibers in mice
Authors: Király Bálint , Balázsfi Diána , Horváth Ildikó , Solari Nicola , Sviatkó Katalin , Lengyel Katalin , Birtalan Eszter , Babos Magor , Bagaméry Gergő , Máthé Domokos , Szigeti Krisztián , Hangya Balázs 
Published: September 2020

AbstractElectrophysiology provides a direct readout of neuronal activity at a temporal precision only limited by the sampling rate. However, interrogating deep brain structures, implanting multiple targets or aiming at unusual angles still poses significant challenges for operators, and errors are only discovered by post-hoc histological reconstruction. Here, we propose a method combining the high-resolution information about bone landmarks provided by micro-CT scanning with the soft tissue contrast of the MRI, which allowed us to precisely localize electrodes and optic fibers in mice in vivo. This enables arbitrating the success of implantation directly after surgery with a precision comparable to gold standard histology. Adjustment of the recording depth with micro-drives or early termination of unsuccessful experiments saves many working hours, and fast 3-dimensional feedback helps surgeons avoid systematic errors. Increased aiming precision enables more precise targeting of small or deep brain nuclei and multiple targeting of specific cortical or hippocampal layers.