bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultraprocessed beverages and processed meats increase the incidence of hypertension in Mexican women
Authors: Monge Adriana , Silva Canella Daniela , López-Olmedo Nancy , Lajous Martín , Cortés-Valencia Adrian , Stern Dalia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHigher intake of ultraprocessed foods (UPF), which have undergone multiple processes and have poor nutrient quality, is associated with higher incidence of non-communicable diseases. Yet, its association with hypertension has scarcely been studied, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). We aimed to estimate the associations between consumption of UPF (total, liquid and solid) and UPF subgroups and incident hypertension in a prospective cohort study. We used data from the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort including 64 934 disease-free women aged ≥25 years at baseline. We assessed baseline usual dietary intake using a validated FFQ, and each item was categorised according to NOVA, a degree of food processing classification system. UPF and UPF subgroups were categorised according to the distribution of their contribution to total energy intake. Hypertension was self-reported. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR) and their 95 % CI. During a median follow-up of 2·2 years, we identified 3752 incident cases of hypertension. Mean contribution of UPF to total energy intake was 29·8 (SD9·4) % energy (23·4 (SD8·9) % solid, 6·4 (SD4·8) % liquid). Comparing extreme categories showed that higher total and solid UPF consumptions were not associated with incident hypertension (IRR 0·96, 95 % CI 0·79, 1·16; IRR 0·91, 95 % CI 0·82, 1·01, respectively). However, liquid UPF and processed meats were associated with increased hypertension (IRR 1·32, 95 % CI 1·10, 1·65; IRR 1·17, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·36, respectively). Addressing intake of liquid UPF and processed meats may help in managing hypertension in LMIC.
Zhushan Mandarin
Authors: Chen Yiya , Guo Li 
Published: November 2020

Zhushan Mandarin () is a dialect of Mandarin Chinese (ISO 639-3; code: cmn) spoken in the Zhushan county (), which belongs to the city of Shiyan () in Hubei Province (), the People’s Republic of China. As shown in Figure 1, the county borders the city of Chongqing () to the south and Shaanxi Province () to the north. It has an area of 3,586 km² and a population of about 4.7 million residents (Hubei Province Annals Committee 2017). The general consensus is that it is a Mandarin dialect (LAC 2012). However, there have been debates on the proper classification of this dialect as belonging to the Jianghuai Mandarin group () (e.g. Coblin 2005, X. B. Liu 2007) or to the Southwestern Mandarin group () (e.g. Ting 1996, X. C. Liu 2005, L. Li 2009).
Berkeley's Criticisms of Shaftesbury and Hutcheson
Authors: Rickless Samuel C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, I attempt to clarify the nature and purpose of Berkeley's criticisms of Shaftesbury's and Hutcheson's ethical systems in the third chapter ofAlciphron, explaining the extent to which those criticisms rely on the truth of idealism and considering whether Berkeley or his philosophical opponents have the better of the arguments. In the end, I conclude that some of Berkeley's criticisms are based on confusion and misunderstanding, others are likely contradicted by the empirical evidence, and yet others are unconvincing. At the same time, the criticisms reveal that Berkeley's metaphysical and ethical views are, perhaps surprisingly, significantly intertwined.
John Austin SJ (1717–84), The First Irish Catholic Cartesian?
Authors: Schmutz Jacob 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEarly-Modern Irish Catholics exiled on the European continent are known to have often held prominent academic positions in various important colleges and universities. This paper investigates the hitherto unknown Scholastic legacy of the Dublin-born Jesuit John Austin (1717–84), a famous Irish educator who started his career teaching philosophy at the Jesuit college of Rheims in 1746–47, before returning to the country of his birth as part of the Irish Mission. These manuscript lecture notes provides us first-hand knowledge about the content of French Jesuit education in the middle of the eighteenth century, which does not correspond to its classical reputation of ‘Aristotelian’ scholasticism opposed to philosophical novelties. While stitching to a traditional way of teaching, Austin introduces positively elements from Descartes, Malebranche, Locke and Newton into the curriculum. The present paper focuses on his conception of philosophical certitude (certitudo), which he considered a necessary condition for the possibility of philosophical knowledge.
Employment is a critical mental health intervention
Authors: Drake Robert E. , Wallach Michael A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Abstract employment is critically important in mental health care. Unemployment worsens mental health and gaining employment can improve mental health, even for people with the most serious mental illnesses. In this editorial, we argue for a new treatment paradigm in mental health that emphasises employment, because supported employment is an evidence-based intervention that can help the majority of people with mental health disability to succeed in integrated, competitive employment. Unlike most mental health treatments, employment engenders self-reliance and leads to other valued outcomes, including self-confidence, the respect of others, personal income and community integration. It is not only an effective short-term treatment but also one of the only interventions that lessen dependence on the mental health system over time.
Psychometrie und Normierung des Lebensqualitätsinventars KIDSCREEN in Deutschland
Authors: Barkmann Claus , Otto Christiane , Meyrose Ann-Katrin , Reiss Franziska , Wüstner Anne , Voß Catharina , Erhart Michael , Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung. Der KIDSCREEN–27 und der KIDSCREEN–10 Index dienen der Messung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (gLQ) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. In der vorliegenden Analyse werden beide Instrumente im Selbst- und Elternurteil mit Hilfe von bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Querschnittsdaten psychometrisch geprüft und normiert. Die dazu verwendeten Angaben von 11- bzw. 8- bis 18-Jährigen ( n = 1 163 Selbst- und 1 658 Elternurteile) stammen aus der BELLA-Studie, dem Modul zur psychischen Gesundheit der Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland (KiGGS-Studie) des Robert Koch-Instituts. Die Item- und Skalenkennwerte gemäß der klassischen Testtheorie (KTT) entsprachen denen der europäischen Konstruktionsstichprobe und fielen akzeptabel bis gut aus. Die faktorielle Validität konnte über konfirmatorische und explorative Faktorenanalysen teilweise bestätigt werden, es zeigte sich aber auch ein starker Generalfaktor. Item-Response-Analysen im Partial-Credit-Modell legen die Rasch-Skalierbarkeit nahe, es verblieben aber bedeutsame Residualfaktoren. Es werden nach Alter, Geschlecht und Urteilenden stratifizierte Normwerttabellen bereitgestellt. Insgesamt handelt es sich um verbreitete, bewährte und sehr umfassend psychometrisch evaluierte Instrumente, die einen Vergleich der gLQ von Kindern und Jugendlichen aus verschiedenen europäischen Ländern ermöglichen.
Pinning Despair and Distress – Suicide-Related Content on Visual Social Media Platform Pinterest
Authors: Guidry Jeanine P. D. , O'Donnell Nicole H. , Miller Carrie A. , Perrin Paul B. , Carlyle Kellie E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that an individual dies by suicide every 40 s. Aim: Our aim was to analyze how suicide is portrayed on the visual social media platform Pinterest. Method: This study used a quantitative content analysis of 500 suicide-related Pinterest posts. Content codes included the presence of factors related to the WHO media reporting guidelines. Results: The majority of posts were published by individual Pinterest users, with public and mental health entities rarely present. Suicidal ideation content was more prevalent in visuals than in accompanying text on Pinterest. Considering the WHO media suicide-reporting guidelines, posts featured more helpful than harmful content, but explicit details of suicides and suicide attempts were still prevalent. Finally, comments were more likely to identify with suicidal ideation or post negative content than post supportive content. Limitations: Content analysis cannot discern motivations behind posts; future studies should include other methods. Conclusion: This study suggests there is a critical need for further research into Pinterest and suicide-related topics.
Expression of CARD8 in human atherosclerosis and its regulation of inflammatory proteins in human endothelial cells
Authors: Paramel Geena V. , Karadimou Glykeria , Eremo Anna Göthlin , Ljungberg Liza U. , Hedin Ulf , Olofsson Peder S. , Folkersen Lasse , Paulsson-Berne Gabrielle , Sirsjö Allan , Fransén Karin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Caspase activation and recruitment domain 8 (CARD8) protein is a component of innate immunity and overexpression of CARD8 mRNA was previously identified in atherosclerosis. However, very little is known about the regulation of CARD8 in endothelial cells and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate CARD8 in the regulation of cytokine and chemokine expression in endothelial cells. Sections of human atherosclerotic lesions and non-atherosclerotic arteries were immunostained for CARD8 protein. Expression of CARD8 was correlated to mediators of inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions using Biobank of Karolinska Endarterectomies microarray data. The CARD8 mRNA was knocked-down in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro, followed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and OLINK Proteomics. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells in arterial tissue expressed CARD8 and CARD8 correlated with vWF, CD163 and the expression of inflammatory genes, such as CXCL1, CXCL6 and PDGF-A in plaque. Knock-down of CARD8 in HUVECs significantly altered proteins involved in inflammatory response, such as CXCL1, CXCL6, PDGF-A, MCP-1 and IL-6. The present study suggest that CARD8 regulate the expression of cytokines and chemokines in endothelial cells and atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that CARD8 plays a significant role in endothelial activation.
Prediction of mortality in severe acute malnutrition in hospitalized children by faecal volatile organic compound analysis: proof of concept
Authors: van den Brink Deborah A. , de Meij Tim , Brals Daniella , Bandsma Robert H. J. , Thitiri Johnstone , Ngari Moses , Mwalekwa Laura , de Boer Nanne K. H. , Wicaksono Alfian , Covington James A. , van Rheenen Patrick F. , Voskuijl Wieger P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChildren with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) display immature, altered gut microbiota and have a high mortality risk. Faecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) reflect the microbiota composition and may provide insight into metabolic dysfunction that occurs in SAM. Here we determine whether analysis of faecal VOCs could identify children with SAM with increased risk of mortality. VOC profiles from children who died within six days following admission were compared to those who were discharged alive using machine learning algorithms. VOC profiles of children who died could be separated from those who were discharged with fair accuracy (AUC) = 0.71; 95% CI 0.59–0.87; P = 0.004). We present the first study showing differences in faecal VOC profiles between children with SAM who survived and those who died. VOC analysis holds potential to help discover metabolic pathways within the intestinal microbiome with causal association with mortality and target treatments in children with SAM.Trial Registration: The F75 study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02246296.
Investigations on spreading of PRRSV among swine herds by improved minimum spanning network analysis
Authors: Szabó Péter Márton , Szalay Dóra , Kecskeméti Sándor , Molnár Tamás , Szabó István , Bálint Ádám 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn Hungary, the economic losses caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) led to the launching of a national PRRSV Eradication Program. An important element of the program was investigating the spread of PRRSV among swine herds and the possible ways of introduction by sequencing of the open reading frame 5 (ORF5) gene. However, the classical phylogenetic tree presentation cannot explain several genetic relationships clearly, while more precise visualization can be represented by network tree diagram. In this paper, we describe a practical and easy-to-follow enriched minimum spanning similarity network application for improved representation of phylogenetic relations among viral strains. This method eliminated the necessity of applying a predefined, arbitrary cut-off or computationally extensive algorithms. The network-based visualization allowed processing and visualizing large amount of data equally for the laboratory, private and official veterinarians, and helped identify the potential connections between different viral sequences that support data-driven decisions in the eradication program. By applying network analysis, previously unknown epidemiological connections between infected herds were identified, and virus spreading was analyzed within short period of time. In our study, we successfully built and applied network analysis tools in the course of the Hungarian PRRSV Eradication Program.
Electronic health record alerts enhance mass screening for chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Chak Eric , Li Chin-Shang , Chen Moon S. , MacDonald Scott , Bowlus Christopher 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo measure the effect of an electronic health record (EHR) alert on chronic hepatitis B (CHB) screening among at-risk Asian and Pacific Islanders (API). API patients who had not yet completed hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing were identified by a novel EHR-based population health tool. At-risk API patients in Cohort 1 (primarily privately insured) and Cohort 2 (includes Medicare and/or Medicaid) were randomized to alert activation in their electronic medical charts or not. In total, 8299 API were found to be deficient in HBsAg completion at baseline within our health system. In Cohort 1, 1542 patients and 1568 patients were randomized to the alert and control respectively. In Cohort 2, 2599 patients and 2590 patients were randomized to the alert and control respectively. For both cohorts combined, 389 HBsAg tests were completed in the alert group compared to 177 HBsAg tests in the control group (p < 0.0001; OR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.94–2.80), but there was no increased detection of HBsAg positivity from the alert (15 versus 13 respectively, p = 0.09; OR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.24–1.09). Our results demonstrate that personalized, automated electronic alerts increase screening for CHB, but more comprehensive measures are needed to detect HBsAg positive patients.NIH Trial Registry Number: NCT04240678.
A multi-disciplinary comparison of great ape gut microbiota in a central African forest and European zoo
Authors: Narat Victor , Amato Katherine R. , Ranger Noémie , Salmona Maud , Mercier-Delarue Séverine , Rupp Stephanie , Ambata Philippe , Njouom Richard , Simon François , Giles-Vernick Tamara , LeGoff Jérôme 
Published: November 2020

AbstractComparisons of mammalian gut microbiota across different environmental conditions shed light on the diversity and composition of gut bacteriome and suggest consequences for human and animal health. Gut bacteriome comparisons across different environments diverge in their results, showing no generalizable patterns linking habitat and dietary degradation with bacterial diversity. The challenge in drawing general conclusions from such studies lies in the broad terms describing diverse habitats (“wild”, “captive”, “pristine”). We conducted 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to characterize intestinal microbiota of free-ranging sympatric chimpanzees and gorillas in southeastern Cameroon and sympatric chimpanzees and gorillas in a European zoo. We conducted participant-observation and semi-structured interviews among people living near these great apes to understand better their feeding habits and habitats. Unexpectedly, bacterial diversity (ASV, Faith PD and Shannon) was higher among zoo gorillas than among those in the Cameroonian forest, but zoo and Cameroonian chimpanzees showed no difference. Phylogeny was a strong driver of species-specific microbial composition. Surprisingly, zoo gorilla microbiota more closely resembled that of zoo chimpanzees than of Cameroonian gorillas. Zoo living conditions and dietary similarities may explain these results. We encourage multidisciplinary approach integrating environmental sampling and anthropological evaluation to characterize better diverse environmental conditions of such investigations.
Musashi expression in intestinal stem cells attenuates radiation-induced decline in intestinal permeability and survival in Drosophila
Authors: Sharma Amit , Akagi Kazutaka , Pattavina Blaine , Wilson Kenneth A. , Nelson Christopher , Watson Mark , Maksoud Elie , Harata Ayano , Ortega Mauricio , Brem Rachel B. , Kapahi Pankaj 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExposure to genotoxic stress by environmental agents or treatments, such as radiation therapy, can diminish healthspan and accelerate aging. We have developed a Drosophila melanogaster model to study the molecular effects of radiation-induced damage and repair. Utilizing a quantitative intestinal permeability assay, we performed an unbiased GWAS screen (using 156 strains from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel) to search for natural genetic variants that regulate radiation-induced gut permeability in adult D. melanogaster. From this screen, we identified an RNA binding protein, Musashi (msi), as one of the possible genes associated with changes in intestinal permeability upon radiation. The overexpression of msi promoted intestinal stem cell proliferation, which increased survival after irradiation and rescued radiation-induced intestinal permeability. In summary, we have established D. melanogaster as an expedient model system to study the effects of radiation-induced damage to the intestine in adults and have identified msi as a potential therapeutic target.
Role of the EF-hand and coiled-coil domains of human Rab44 in localisation and organelle formation
Authors: Ogawa Kohei , Kadowaki Tomoko , Tokuhisa Mitsuko , Yamaguchi Yu , Umeda Masahiro , Tsukuba Takayuki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRab44 is a large Rab GTPase that contains an amino-terminal EF-hand domain, a coiled-coil domain, and a carboxyl-terminal Rab GTPase domain. However, the roles of the EF-hand and coiled-coil domains remain unclear. Here, we constructed various deletion and point mutants of human Rab44. When overexpressed in HeLa cells, the wild-type Rab44 (hWT) formed ring-like structures, and partially localised to lysosomes. The dominant negative mutant, hT847N, localised to lysosomes and the cytosol, while the constitutively active mutant, hQ892L, formed ring-like structures, and partially localised to the plasma membrane and nuclei. The hΔEF, hΔcoil, and h826-1021 mutants also formed ring-like structures; however, their localisation patterns differed from hWT. Analysis of live imaging with LysoTracker revealed that the size of LysoTracker-positive vesicles was altered by all other mutations than the hC1019A and hΔEF. Treatment with ionomycin, a Ca2+ ionophore, induced the translocation of hWT and hΔcoil into the plasma membrane and cytosol, but had no effect on the localisation of the hΔEF and h826-1021 mutants. Thus, the EF- hand domain is likely required for the partial translocation of Rab44 to the plasma membrane and cytosol following transient Ca2+ influx, and the coiled-coil domain appears to be important for localisation and organelle formation.
Early medieval genetic data from Ural region evaluated in the light of archaeological evidence of ancient Hungarians
Authors: Csáky Veronika , Gerber Dániel , Szeifert Bea , Egyed Balázs , Stégmár Balázs , Botalov Sergei Gennad’evich , Grudochko Ivan Valer’evich , Matveeva Natalia Petrovna , Zelenkov Alexander Sergejevich , Sleptsova Anastasiia Viktorovna , Goldina Rimma Dmitrievna , Danich Andrey Vasilevich , Mende Balázs Gusztáv , Türk Attila , Szécsényi-Nagy Anna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe ancient Hungarians originated from the Ural region of Russia, and migrated through the Middle-Volga region and the Eastern European steppe into the Carpathian Basin during the ninth century AD. Their Homeland was probably in the southern Trans-Ural region, where the Kushnarenkovo culture was disseminated. In the Cis-Ural region Lomovatovo and Nevolino cultures are archaeologically related to ancient Hungarians. In this study we describe maternal and paternal lineages of 36 individuals from these regions and nine Hungarian Conquest period individuals from today’s Hungary, as well as shallow shotgun genome data from the Trans-Uralic Uyelgi cemetery. We point out the genetic continuity between the three chronological horizons of Uyelgi cemetery, which was a burial place of a rather endogamous population. Using phylogenetic and population genetic analyses we demonstrate the genetic connection between Trans-, Cis-Ural and the Carpathian Basin on various levels. The analyses of this new Uralic dataset fill a gap of population genetic research of Eurasia, and reshape the conclusions previously drawn from tenth to eleventh century ancient mitogenomes and Y-chromosomes from Hungary.
A zebrafish functional genomics model to investigate the role of human A20 variants in vivo
Authors: Cultrone Daniele , Zammit Nathan W. , Self Eleanor , Postert Benno , Han Jeremy Z. R. , Bailey Jacqueline , Warren Joanna , Croucher David R. , Kikuchi Kazu , Bogdanovic Ozren , Chtanova Tatyana , Hesselson Daniel , Grey Shane T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGermline loss-of-function variation inTNFAIP3, encoding A20, has been implicated in a wide variety of autoinflammatory and autoimmune conditions, with acquired somatic missense mutations linked to cancer progression. Furthermore, human sequence data reveals that the A20 locus contains ~ 400 non-synonymous coding variants, which are largely uncharacterised. The growing number of A20 coding variants with unknown function, but potential clinical impact, poses a challenge to traditional mouse-based approaches. Here we report the development of a novel functional genomics approach that utilizes a new A20-deficient zebrafish (Danio rerio) model to investigate the impact ofTNFAIP3genetic variants in vivo. A20-deficient zebrafish are hyper-responsive to microbial immune activation and exhibit spontaneous early lethality. Ectopic addition of human A20 rescued A20-null zebrafish from lethality, while missense mutations at two conserved A20 residues, S381A and C243Y, reversed this protective effect. Ser381 represents a phosphorylation site important for enhancing A20 activity that is abrogated by its mutation to alanine, or by a causal C243Y mutation that triggers human autoimmune disease. These data reveal an evolutionarily conserved role forTNFAIP3in limiting inflammation in the vertebrate linage and show how this function is controlled by phosphorylation. They also demonstrate how a zebrafish functional genomics pipeline can be utilized to investigate the in vivo significance of medically relevant humanTNFAIP3gene variants.