bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-lasting insecticidal nets retain bio-efficacy after five years of storage: implications for malaria control programmes
Authors: Musa Jeremiah John , Moore Sarah , Moore Jason , Mbuba Emmanuel , Mbeyela Edgar , Kobe Dickson , Swai Johnson K. , Odufuwa Olukayode G. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the most sustainable and effective malaria control tool currently available. Global targets are for 80% of the population living in malaria endemic areas to have access to (own) and use a LLIN. However, current access to LLINs in endemic areas is 56% due to system inefficiencies and budget limitations. Thus, cost-effective approaches to maximize access to effective LLINs in endemic areas are required. This study evaluated whether LLINs that had been stored for five years under manufacturer’s recommended conditions may be optimally effective against Anopheles mosquitoes, to inform malaria control programmes and governments on the periods over which LLINs may be stored between distributions, in an effort to maximize use of available LLINs. Methods: Standard World Health Organization (WHO) bioassays (cone and tunnel test) were used to evaluate the bio-efficacy and wash resistance of Olyset® and DawaPlus® 2.0 (rebranded Tsara® Soft) LLINs after five years of storage at 25°C to 33.4°C and 40% to 100% relative humidity. In addition, a small scale Ifakara Ambient Chamber test (I-ACT) was conducted to compare the bio-efficacy of one long stored LLINs to one new LLIN of the same brand, washed or unwashed. LLINs were evaluated using laboratory reared fully susceptible Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) (Ifakara strain) and pyrethroid resistant Anopheles arabiensis (Kingani strain). Results: After five years of storage, both unwashed and washed, Olyset® and DawaPlus® 2.0 (Tsara® Soft) LLINs passed WHO bio-efficacy criteria on knockdown (KD60) ≥95%, 24-hour mortality ≥80% and ≥90% blood-feeding inhibition in WHO assays against susceptible An. gambiae s.s. DawaPlus® 2.0 LLINs also passed combined WHO bioassay criteria against resistant An. arabiensis. Confirmatory I-ACT tests using whole nets demonstrated that long-stored LLINs showed higher efficacy than new LLINs on both feeding inhibition and mortality endpoints against resistant strains.Conclusions: Even after long-term storage of around 5 years, both Olyset® and DawaPlus® 2.0 LLINs remain efficacious against susceptible Anopheles mosquitoes at optimal storage range of 25°C to 33.4°C for temperature and 40% to 100% relative humidity measured by standard WHO methods. DawaPlus® 2.0 (Tsara® Soft) remained efficacious against resistant strain.
Incidence of injuries and illness and related risk factors in mountain biking events: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Buchholtz Kim , Lambert Mike , Burgess Theresa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Cycling is a popular sport and method of transportation globally but is a significant contributor to sports injury admissions in hospital emergency units. Mountain biking events present additional challenges with remote venues, and isolated courses. Most mountain biking events will provide on-site medical care for both injury and illness occurring during races. These data are essential to understand the true incidence of injury and illness in mountain biking events as national health data may not represent these unique events specifically.

Methods
This review will follow the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Search engines PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost), PEDro and the Cochrane Library will be systematically searched. Gray literature searches of Google Scholar and manual searching of reference lists and congress abstracts from cycling specific congresses will be conducted. Journal articles documenting illness and injury in adults participating in mountain bike cross-country marathon events will be included. A narrative analysis of the types, severity and area of injuries; and illness type and severity will be performed. A quantitative analysis may be performed should there be sufficient studies reported in the same format.

Discussion
This protocol outlines a systematic review on injury and illness in mountain biking events. Data from hospital records may not adequately represent the burden of injury and illness at events held in remote venues, especially if those treated on site do not require further hospital based treatment. This review will assist with the development of further research in this area, and in preparation of clinicians working in these types of events.
Systematic review registration: This protocol has been registered with PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews (No: CRD42019134586).
Analysis of renal lesions in Chinese tuberous sclerosis complex patients with different conditions of TSC1/2 genetic mutations
Authors: Wang Wenda , Zhao Yang , Wang Xu , Wang Zhan , Zheng Guoyang , Cai Yi , Fan Hua , Li Hanzhong , Zhang Yushi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective The renal manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) are complicated and various. We’d like to report the information of genetic mutations in TSC patients with renal lesions, and to discuss the relationship between features of renal lesions and genetic mutations, including mutant genes and mutant types.
Methods TSC patients with renal lesions who came to Urology Department of our hospital from January 1st, 2015 to January 1st, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. TSC patients who received next generation sequencing (NGS) of TSC1/2 and imaging examinations were screened out. When familial TSC patients were confirmed, only the probands were included. The patients who had imaging evaluation in our hospital before any treatment for TSC renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) were also selected for further analysis of relationship between genetic mutations and AML sizes.
Results 70 clinically or genetically diagnosed TSC patients with renal lesions were included. The average age was 29.3±8.3 years old. Male-female ratio was 1:1.5. 15 patients (21.4%) were probands of TSC families (3 TSC1 , 10 TSC2 , and 2 NMI). 67 patients (95.8%) had bilateral renal AMLs with one patient had a pathological diagnosis of epithelioid AML ( TSC2 mutation). One patient had multiple renal cysts ( TSC2 mutation), one had renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) ( TSC1 mutation) and one had Wilms tumors ( TSC1 mutation). Among the 70 included patients, 4 patients had TSC1 mutations, 51 had TSC2 mutations, and 15 had no mutation identified (NMI). There was no statistically significant difference between TSC2 mutations and NMI groups (11.4±5.7 vs. 8.0±5.6cm, P = 0.077) when considering AML sizes. There was also no statistically significant difference among AML sizes of patients with TSC2 mutation types of nonsense, missense, frameshift, slipping, and fragment deletion ( P = 0.712). And no statistically significant difference was found between maximus diameters in familial and sporadic patients, either (11.4±5.8 vs. 10.5±5.8, P = 0.663).
Conclusions The conditions of TSC genetic mutations will affect type and severity of renal lesions. Other focuses such as protein structure and function need to be studied for renal manifestations. Except for patients with TSC1 and TSC2 genetic mutations, patients with NMI and familial patients are also needed more attention for the pathogenesis of them is still unknown.
Mechanism and molecular network of RBM8A-mediated regulation of oxaliplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via EMT
Authors: Lin Yan , Liang Rong , Zhang Jinyan , Liu Zhihui , Liu Ziyu , Li Qian , Luo Xiaoling , Li Yongqiang , Ye Jiazhou 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to be closely associated with Oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance. Previous study found that RBM8A is highly expressed in HCC and induce EMT, suggesting that it may be involved in the regulation of OXA resistance in HCC. However, the accurate mechanism has not been concluded. In our study, ectopic expression and silencing of RBM8A were performed to explore its function. The OXA resistance potential of RBM8A and its downstream pathway was investigated using in vitro and in vivo models. The results showed that RBM8A overexpression induced EMT in OXA-resistant HCC cells, thereby affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion and promoting OXA resistance in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, whole-genome microarrays combined with bioinformatics analysis revealed that RBM8A has a wide range of transcriptional regulatory capabilities in drug-resistant HCC, including the ability to regulate several important tumor-related signaling pathways. Histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) is an important mediator of RBM8A activity related to OXA resistance. These data suggest that RBM8A and its related regulatory pathway represent potential markers of OXA resistance and therapeutic targets in HCC.
Intrathoracic infusion therapy of thymic peptides and chemical irritants for malignant pleural effusion: a meta-analysis of 24 randomized controlled trials
Authors: xiao zheng , Wang Cheng-Qiong , He Min , Shen You-Shu , Zheng Xiao-Tian , He Yuan-Xiu , Yang Ya-Hui , Fan Teng-Yang , Li Shu-Guang , Chen Xiao-Fan , Feng Ji-Hong , Xiao Xue , Yao Xing-Sheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: To further determine the clinical efficacy and survival of intrathoracic infusion with TPs and chemical irritants and their therapeutic threshold and optimal control regimen to achieve a desired response in malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Methods: We collected all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TPs with chemical irritants from Chinese and English databases (from inception until September 2019), and performed a new meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines. We measured their bias risk, summarized data using meta-analysis, and evidence quality using the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Results: We collected 24 trials involving three TPs and platinum and 1,592 patients. Most trials had unclear bias risk. TPs with platinum significantly improved complete response [4.02 (3.12 to 5.18)] and quality of life [3.64 (2.34 to 5.66)], the 0.5-year overall survival (OS) rate [5.75 (3.02 to 10.92)], and 1-year OS rate [5.29, (1.71 to 16.36)], and reduced the treatment failure, myelosuppression, and gastrointestinal toxicity. For patients with moderate to large volume of pleural effusion, KPS score ≥50 to 60, or AST ≥3 months, the thymosin (200–300mg/time), thymopentin (2mg/time) or thymosin alpha 1 (3.2mg/time) with cisplatin (30–40mg/m 2 ), carboplatin (400mg/m 2 ), or oxaliplatin (100mg/m 2 ) are possible regimens for achieving a desired success, and low failure. Most results were robust and moderate quality. Conclusion: The moderate evidence suggests that the TPs with platinum is beneficial to the patient with MPE, and provides evidence for the therapeutic threshold and possible regimens that may achieve a desired success and reduce the failure.
Efficacy of Dao Yin in patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Shuaipan , Lv Zhizhen , Zhu Qingguang , Sun Wuquan , Yao Fei , Fang Lei , Kong Lingjun , Cheng Yanbin , Wu Zhiwei , Fang Min 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The epidemic of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia has become a focused public health event in world. The authorities have taken prompt medical action in China, which contained strict isolation measures and potential symptomatic supportive care. Dao Yin, a traditional Chinese exercise, combines limb movements and breathing exercises. Previous researches showed that it can activate the immune system and improve the lung function and the mental state of patients. Therefore, there may be a potential effect of Dao Yin on the physical and mental health of patients with 2019-nCoV. The aim of this trail is to verify whether conventional therapy plus Dao Yin could show better effects for 2019-nCoV than conventional therapy alone.Methods/design The study is a multicenter randomized controlled trial with parallel-group design including two intervention groups: a conventional therapy group and a conventional therapy plus Dao Yin group. A total of 186 eligible participants will be randomly assigned to the groups in a 1:1 ratio. The routine treatment of the two groups is performed daily according to guideline, and Dao Yin is performed once a day until the patient is out of the hospital. The primary outcome is the Length of Hospital Stay (LHS). Secondary outcomes include the vital signs, respiratory symptoms, questionnaire of mental health and the quantity of immune cells. The outcomes will be assessed at five points including the baseline, 3th, 6th, 9th day during hospitalization and the discharge day. The significance level is 5%. This study will focus on the value of a conventional therapy plus Dao Yin as the treatment for 2019-nCoV and will explore any potential connection among the outcomes.Discussion This study may evaluate the efficacy of conventional therapy plus Dao Yin for 2019-nCoV, which can contribute to provide a solid evidence of Dao Yin therapy for the nationwide emergence.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000029978 Registered on 18 February 2020.
Predisposing Conditions and Etiology of Pediatric Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis in Beijing Children's Hospital, 2006-2018
Authors: Chen Tian-ming , Chen He-ying , Hu Bing , Hu Hui-li , Guo Xin , Guo Ling-yun , Li Shao-ying , LIU GANG 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective To investigate the predisposing conditions, etiology and clinical characteristics of recurrent bacterial meningitis (RBM) in children.Methods Seventy patients of RBM treated in Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2006 through December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Predisposing conditions of RBM include: inner ear malformations 24(34.3%), dermal sinus tracts 15(21.4%), head trauma 15(21.4%), meningoencephalocele 12(17.1%), and immune deficiency 4(5.7%). Sixty-seven occasions of meningitis had positive bacterial cultures. Thirty-one occasions of Streptococcus pneumoniae ( S. pneumonia ) meningitis and 3 occasions of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis occurred in the 24 patients with inner ear malformations; Seventeen occasions of S. pneumonia meningitis occurred in the 15 patients with head trauma, while 8 occasions of S. pneumonia meningitis in 12 patients with Meningoencephalocele; There were 2 Enterococcus faecalis meningitis, 1 Escherichia coli meningitis and 1 Staphylococcus aureus meningitis in 15 patients with dermal sinus tracts; Two of 4 patients with immune deficiency suffered S. pneumoniae meningitis.Conclusions Predisposing conditions of RBM in children include inner ear malformations, head trauma, meningoencephalocele, dermal sinus tracts, and immune deficiency. The most common etiology of RBM with inner ear malformation, head trauma, meningoencephalocele, and immune deficiency is S. pneumoniae . Empiric antibiotic treatment of RBM in children should cover S. pneumoniae.
Correlation between Anti-Mullerian Hormone Levels and Antral Follicle Numbers in Polycystic Ovary and Metabolic Syndromes
Authors: Fu Huo , Lin Youshi , Deng Xueqing , Wu Lin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is expressed by granulosa cells of the pre-antral and small antral follicles in the ovary. Serum AMH levels are significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) due to an increased number of antral follicles and also a higher production per antral follicle. We proposed diagnostic criteria for the identification of PCOS that are based on variation in the AMH concentrations.Methods This study explored the relationship between serum AMH levels and other hormonal markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome. One hundred fifty patients with PCOS and normally cycling women were examined in a cohort study. Of these, some were candidates for the assisted reproductive methods. The following serum levels were measured in all patients on day 5 of the menstrual cycle: AMH, glucose, HOMA/IP, BMI, testosterone and cholesterol, lipoproteins and triglycerides.Results In the PCOS group, a 2-fold increase in the serum AMH level was observed as compared to the controls. With AMH, the following increments were seen: testosterone (by 184%); fasting blood glucose (by 18%); fasting insulin (83.86%); HOMA/IR (by 64.23%); mean cholesterol (by 30%); mean triglycerides (by 17%); and BMI (by 26.75%). The high-density lipoprotein concentration decreased by 29.3%.Conclusion Thus, monitoring the level of AMH allows predicting for OHSS during the ovulation induction and during the use of assistive reproductive technologies. Such a practice also allows deciding on the treatment strategy for obesity, hirsutism, type II diabetes, infertility and cardiovascular diseases.
Two-step transurethral resection of bladder tumor can result in a better surgical quality and lower recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Huang Wei-Lun , Huang Chao-Yuan , Huang Kuo-How , Pu Yeong-Shiau , Chang Hong-Chiang , Chow Po-Ming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Current protocols for transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) are still unstandardized, and outcomes are also uneven in different protocols. In our medical center, we performed two-step TURBT that the resection of bladder tumor is made in two steps- exophytic parts first and tumor bases second. The purpose is to improve tumor eradication and increase detrusor muscle sampling rates. The aim of current study is to evaluate clinical outcomes and detrusor muscle sampling rate of two-step TURBT in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods We conducted a retrospective review from a prospective database. From January 2012 to December 2017, patients who had newly diagnosed NMIBC with a follow-up period of more than 2 years were enrolled. Patients with concomitant or subsequent upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) were excluded. Patients were categorized into the two-step TURBT (TR) and the conventional TURBT (CR) groups. The primary endpoints were recurrence and progression rates. The secondary endpoints were recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and the detrusor muscle sampling rate. Results There were 205 patients included in our study, with 151 patients in the TR group and 54 patients in the CR group. The median follow-up period was 40.5 months. There were lower recurrence rate ( P = 0.015), higher detrusor muscle sampling rate ( P = 0.043), and better RFS (Log-Rank P= 0.007) in the TR group. Two-step TURBT was also associated with better RFS in both univariate ( P =0.009) and multivariate ( P =0.003) Cox proportional hazards regression. Conclusions In patients with NMIBC, Two-step TURBT results in higher detrusor muscle sampling rate and better disease outcomes. The findings suggest that Two-step TURBT is a better surgical method for treating NMIBC.
Evaluation of the Iron Aid Program Process in Iranian girls' high school: A national study
Authors: Alami Ali , Hosseini Zahra , Tehrani Hadi , Jafari Alireza 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: One of the most important health and social problems in adolescent girls is iron deficiency anemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Iron Aid National Program for high school girls.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on cluster random sampling from northern, southern, eastern, western and central regions of Iran with a sample size of 399 high school girl students. A valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software.Results: The most important reasons for not taking iron supplements from the students' viewpoints were the bad taste of iron supplements, nausea after consumption, non-prescription of the iron supplement by a physician. Most students believed that inviting health professionals and film/video screenings had the most impact on encouraging them to intake iron supplements. About 45 % of students reported that they had no training program on iron supplementation, and only 28 % of students received educational content. Also, 71 % of students said there were not enough glasses for the consumption of supplement iron. There was a significant relationship (p <0.05) between the person distributing the supplements in the schools, the availability of adequate drinking water, the time allocated to the implementation of the program, and the person teaching the program with the number of supplements consumed by the students (p <0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, attention was paid to different aspects of the Iron Aid National Program such as providing quality supplements, providing appropriate environmental conditions, designing training programs, public information and providing appropriate human resources for successful implementation of Iron Aid National Program are essential.
Breakfast consumption is inversely associated with metabolic syndrome in a sample of Iranian adults
Authors: Lorzadeh Elnaz , Sangsefidi Zohreh Sadat , Mirzaei Masoud , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension are the core components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which is coincident with unhealthy dietary habits in the Middle-Eastern countries. The aim of this study was to explore the association between dietary habits and metabolic syndrome of adult population living in Yazd Greater Area, Iran. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which uses the data of a population-based cohort study on Iranian adults, known as Yazd Health Study (YaHS). The relationship between dietary habits and metabolic syndrome among adults (n= 2896) were analyzed using multiple logistic regression method. Results: Outcomes from logistic regression examining show that breakfast consumption has a significant inverse effect on the occurrence of metabolic syndrome after adjustment for age, education level, physical activity statue, history of chronic diseases and smoking (odds ratio (OR)= 0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.14, 0.97). This effect remains significant even after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and reveals that odds of having MetS is 69 % lower in breakfast consumers in contrast to non-consumers (OR=0.31, 95% CI= 0.11, 0.87). However, no significant relationship was observed between other dietary habits and MetS after adjustment for all potential confounders Conclusions: This study revealed that eating breakfast has an inverse relationship with metabolic syndrome. Finding out stronger evidence in relation between dietary habits and metabolic syndrome, more researches especially population-based cohort studies are needed to be conducted.