bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Polyclinic Psychiatry Patients in the Municipality of Gurupi-TO
Authors: Rosa Thaís de Souza , Marinho Raissa Carvalho , Miranda Wemerson Davi de , Cangussú Brisa Gomes , Tonello Laís , Miranda Eduardo Fernandes de 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Mental disorders are changes in psychological, mental or cognitive functioning, in which there is impairment, or suffering that impairs life habits, family, social interaction, among others.
Objective: To trace the epidemiological profile of psychiatry patients of Gurupi polyclinic -TO. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, performed from the analysis of 104 medical records of patients in the psychiatric specialty attended at Gurupi-TO polyclinic. Data were collected on gender, age, the city of origin, the profession, marital status and medical diagnosis. The data were analyzed from descriptive statistics, in absolute and relative values.
Results: It was observed that people aged 6 to 84 years were observed, most of them female (63.5%). In addition, it is noticed that polyclinic users are mostly single (70%), residents of Gurupi city (84%). Regarding the profession, a high percentage of medical records do not contain these responses (58%), of the others are mostly from home (15%). The most prevalent disorders are bipolar affective disorder (34.2%) and depression (27.9%).
Conclusion: It is possible to realize that psychiatric disorders are predominantly affecting female patients, aged between 30 and 49 years, single, as a profession of "home", with fixed residence in the city of Gurupi and diagnosed predominantly with mental pathologies related to bipolar affective disorder and depression.
Middle-age Spread of Overweight and Obesity in Ghana; Myth or Reality? Evidence from WHO SAGE Wave 2 Data
Authors: Adjei Michael Rockson , Baafi Janet Vanessa , Bawa Salifu , Amoo-Sakyi Felicia , Appiah Paulina Clara , Twum-Nuamah Kwabena , Amugi Gifty , Issah Kofi , Letsa Timothy Sewornu , Mensah George , Biritwum Richard , Yawson Alfred Edwin 
Published: March 2020

Aims: The aim of this study is to describe the age-related risk of overweight/obesity among Ghanaians using data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 2.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Ghana; 2014-2015.
Methodology: Primary study variables were extracted onto Microsoft Excel 14.0 spreadsheet. Secondary variables were generated through grouping, recategorization and combination of primary variables. Descriptive statistics were calculated for age and BMI. Associations between respondents’ characteristics and BMI were evaluated with chi square(χ2) and odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence level.
Results: Data of 1322 respondents were included in data analysis. In all, 520 (39.3%) of the respondents were overweight/obese and nearly half (46.62%) were middle-aged adults. Middle-aged adults were nearly twice as likely to be overweight/obese compared with old adults (AOR=1.62; CI: 1.25-2.10) and the risk was higher for middle-aged females (AOR=2.38; CI: 1.84-3.09). Overall, being middle-aged (OR=1.73; CI: 1.35-2.21); living in an urban community (OR=2.01; CI: 1.61-2.52); being a female (OR=2.69; CI: 2.1-3.44); not engaging in regular physical activity (OR=1.49; CI: 1.18-1.88); and being an occasional drinker of alcoholic beverage (OR=1.58; CI: 1,12-2.22) were significantly associated with overweight/obesity.
Conclusion: Obesity/overweight are lifestyle driven phenomenon and can be controlled by risk modification. Public sensitization, imposition of special taxes on sugary beverages, promotion of healthy local staples and creation of enabling community environments to encourage physical activity may be useful approaches in controlling the epidemic.
Genotype x Environment Interactions in Sugarcane under Irrigation for Agronomic Traits at Advanced Screening Stage in Ferké, Northern Ivory Coast
Authors: Péné Crépin B. , Béhou Yavo Michael 
Published: March 2020

Background: The selection procedure of commercial sugarcane varieties introduced in Ivory Coast involves two different stages. Four varieties pre-selected at the first stage regarding a previous trial were due to be tested at the advanced stage.
Aims: The study aimed to determine the best performing sugarcane genotypes at the advanced selection stage under sprinkler irrigation, in comparison with to two check varieties (R579, SP70-1006).
Methodology: The same field experiment was carried out on two different locations in Ferké 2 sugar estate of Northern Ivory Coast. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block (RCB) with six cane genotypes in four replications. Every plot consisted of five dual rows of ten meters with 0.5 and 1.90 m of inter-row spacing, i.e. 95 m² per plot and about 3000 m² for each experiment. Both experiments were conducted over two seasons (plant cane and first ratoon) as early-season crops from early November, 2017 to mid-December, 2019. Over each micro-plot, data based on different agro-morphological traits were collected at harvest from three central dual rows.
Results: The study showed that most relevant traits in genotype clustering were related to juice quality (recoverable sucrose, sucrose content, purity), yields and yield components (Millable stalk number/ha, stalk height, stalk diameter, internode number). Based on sugar yields, two genotypes (N47, ECU01) superior to both check varieties were found promising with, respectively, 13.7 and 13.5 t sugar/ha. Their cane yield performances gave 124 and 123 t/ha, respectively, compared to 126.8 t/ha for the best performing check.
Conclusions: Not only sugar yield, but also flowering rate, stem borer infestation rate, stalk diameter, average stalk height and the number of tillers per hectare were found as the most relevant agronomic traits in the genetic variation of sugarcane genotypes tested. It came out also that GxE interactions were highly significant for five different traits, namely, cane and sugar yields, stalk borer infestation rate, fiber content and the average stalk height.
Rehabilitation of Old and Moribund Cacao Soil Using Organic Amendments in Ibadan and Owena of South West Nigeria
Authors: Okeniyi M. O. , Orisajo S. B. , Afolami S. O. , Enikuomehin A. O. , Ayelaagbe I. O. O. , Ogundeji B. A. 
Published: March 2020

Aims: To evaluate the effects of organic amendment in the rehabilitation of two moribund cacao plantations at Ibadan (Oyo State) and Owena (Ondo State) using organic materials that included Cocoa Pod Husk (CPH) and Neem Leaf powder (NL).
Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in four replicates with four treatments which were CPH, CPH+NL (90:10), CPH+NL (80:20) and untreated.
Place and Duration of Study: Cocoa plantations at Ibadan and Owena, Nigeria between May, 2014 and Dec 2017.
Methodology: Initial soil sampling was done. Organic materials were applied to eight cacao trees in a ring at the base of trees in treated plots at the beginning of the rains in April/May and August/September. The treatments are: CPH Only @ 0.5 kg/tree, CPH Fortified with Neem Leaf (90:10) @ 0.45 kg + 0.05 kg/tree, respectively, CPH fortified with Neem Leaf (80:20) @ 0.40 kg + 0.10 kg/tree respectively. No application (control treatment).
Results: Eleven fungi species assigned to seven genera were recovered across the treatments. Organic amendments significantly (p<0.05) increased soil mineralization, microbial populations and pod production. After the second year of applications, CPH had the highest percentage of pod production over the control (64%) in Ibadan, while in Owena, CPH, CPH+NL (80:20) and CPH+NL (90:10) had percentage pod increase of 68, 64 and 63%, respectively, over the control. Organic materials had significant (p≤0.05) effect in raising the soil pH in the two locations from 6.41 to 6.82 in Owena and from 6.50 to 6.89 in Ibadan, compared to untreated soil.
Conclusion: The use of organic amendments in the rehabilitation of old and moribund cocoa (near death), improved soil nutrients as well as increased pod production and the microbial populations from the two plantations.
Os fantasmas da maternidade: a importância da psicanálise no contexto hospitalar
Authors: De Albuquerque Amanda Pereira , De Sales Cecília Gardenia 
Published: March 2020

<p>Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso realizado durante o estágio curricular no setor de Psicologia da maternidade do Hospital Agamenon Magalhães, Pernambuco. O caso foi de Valentina, gestante de alto risco, devido à um sopro cardíaco. O adoecimento durante a gestação restaurou um luto complicado em relação à suas figuras maternas, a mãe e avó que morreram em situações parecidas, instaurando um medo de não sair com vida do hospital. A Psicanálise foi utilizada como método para resgatar a subjetividade dos pacientes dentro do contexto hospitalar, possibilitando um escuta qualificada e novas formas de elaborar o sofrimento psíquico. Como resultado das intervenções, na medida em que a relação terapêutica mesmo que breve foi construída, estabeleceu um setting terapêutico na postura do analista independente do ambiente de atendimento, permitindo que revisitasse o luto com segurança e ressignificasse a internação.</p>
NAD+/sirtuin metabolism is enhanced in response to cold‐induced changes in lipid metabolism in mouse liver
Authors: Wei Xiaojing , Jia Ru , Yang Zhao , Jiang Jianan , Huang Jiaqi , Yan Jianqun , Luo Xiao 
Published: March 2020

The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/Sirtuin (SIRT) system is linked to metabolic adaptation. This study aimed to determine the temporal profile of metabolic responses of the liver to cold exposure and changes in the hepatic NAD+/SIRT system. Eight‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice were individually housed in conventional cages under cold exposure (4 °C) for up to 5 days. Cold exposure decreased the hepatic triglyceride level and cholesterol level in mice by 1.7‐ and 1.6‐fold, respectively. Lipogenic gene expression was persistently reduced, while gluconeogenic gene expression was transiently increased. Hepatic NAD+/SIRT metabolism was induced during the ‘cold remodeling’ phase (days 1–3) and correlated with decreasing lipogenic and increasing gluconeogenic gene expression, contributing to the maintenance of whole‐body lipid and glucose homeostasis.
Evaluation of a neural network‐based photon beam profile deconvolution method
Authors: Mund Karl , Wu Jian , Liu Chihray , Yan Guanghua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeThe authors have previously shown the feasibility of using an artificial neural network (ANN) to eliminate the volume average effect (VAE) of scanning ionization chambers (ICs). The purpose of this work was to evaluate the method when applied to beams of different energies (6 and 10 MV) and modalities [flattened (FF) vs unflattened (FFF)], measured with ICs of various sizes.MethodsThe three‐layer ANN extracted data from transverse photon beam profiles using a sliding window, and output deconvolved value corresponding to the location at the center of the window. Beam profiles of seven fields ranging from 2 × 2 to 10 × 10 cm2 at four depths (1.5, 5, 10 and 20 cm) were measured with three ICs (CC04, CC13, and FC65‐P) and an EDGE diode detector for 6 MV FF and FFF. Similar data for the 10 MV FF beam was also collected with CC13 and EDGE. The EDGE‐measured profiles were used as reference data to train and test the ANNs. Separate ANNs were trained by using the data of each beam energy and modality. Combined ANNs were also trained by combining data of different beam energies and/or modalities. The ANN's performance was quantified and compared by evaluating the penumbra width difference (PWD) between the deconvolved and reference profiles.ResultsExcellent agreement between the deconvolved and reference profiles was achieved with both separate and combined ANNs for all studied ICs, beam energies, beam modalities, and geometries. After deconvolution, the average PWD decreased from 1–3 mm to under 0.15 mm with separate ANNs and to under 0.20 mm with combined ANN.ConclusionsThe ANN‐based deconvolution method can be effectively applied to beams of different energies and modalities measured with ICs of various sizes. Separate ANNs yielded marginally better results than combined ANNs. An IC‐specific, combined ANN can provide clinically acceptable results as long as the training data includes data of each beam energy and modality.
Dual‐Functional Metasurface toward Giant Linear and Circular Dichroism
Authors: Huang Yijia , Xie Xin , Pu Mingbo , Guo Yinghui , Xu Mingfeng , Ma Xiaoliang , Li Xiong , Luo Xiangang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs a kind of artificial surface composed of subwavelength meta‐atoms, metasurface has shown great potential in full vectorial electromagnetic manipulation. Here, a dual‐functional metasurface that is capable of generating 97% linear dichroism and 87% circular dichroism in the infrared region is proposed. The two functionalities can be achieved simultaneously under incident light of vertical azimuthal angles. Subsequent simulations demonstrate that the giant dichroism is induced by symmetry breaking of the structure under oblique incidence. Compared with single‐functional metasurfaces, this device exhibits better performance and more functionalities without the sacrifice of compactness. It is believed that this dual‐functional metasurface with simple geometry can find many potential applications in various fields, ranging from analytical chemistry and imaging to sensing and spectroscopy.
Independent Control of Copolarized Amplitude and Phase Responses via Anisotropic Metasurfaces
Authors: Wu Rui Yuan , Bao Lei , Wu Liang Wei , Wang Zheng Xing , Ma Qian , Wu Jun Wei , Bai Guo Dong , Galdi Vincenzo , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA class of anisotropic, transmissive electromagnetic metasurfaces is presented, which enable independent and simultaneous control of copolarized phase and amplitude responses to two linear, orthogonal polarizations. By varying the geometrical parameters, the transmission response of the proposed structure can yield a full phase coverage, accompanied by broadly adjustable amplitude and negligible cross‐polarized components. The full amplitude‐phase control together with the novel anisotropic character allows efficient implementation of complicated field manipulations. As representative application examples, which cannot be realized via conventional (phase‐only) metasurfaces, it is presented here: (1) the radiation of multiple equal‐power vortex beams (along arbitrarily predesigned directions, with designable orbital angular momentum modes under different polarizations), and (2) the realization of polarization‐reconfigurable multifocal metalenses. Full‐wave numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate good agreement and confirm the versatility and effectiveness of the proposed approach to design advanced field‐manipulation systems.
Reflective Polarization Volume Lens with Small f‐Number and Large Diffraction Angle
Authors: Yin Kun , He Ziqian , Wu Shin‐Tson 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPlanar optics based on patterned cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) has attracted increasing attention owing to the self‐organized helical structure and the ability to create arbitrary reflected wavefront through spatial orientation control. However, because of the subwavelength‐orientation requirement, it is challenging for liquid crystal lens to achieve a low f‐number (f/#) and large deflection angle simultaneously. Furthermore, with the increasing demand for compact size in novel optical systems, reflective lens has advantage over the transmissive one because it can fold the optical path. Here, a new off‐axis reflective polarization volume lens (PVL) with f/# = 0.825, large aperture size, simple fabrication process, thin profile, circular polarization selectivity, and large diffraction angle is proposed. In contrast to traditional vertical spiral structure, PVL is based on patterned CLCs with a slanted helical axis. In this paper, the PVL is theoretically evaluated and then three reflective PVLs at red, green, and blue wavelengths (R = 605 nm, G = 532 nm, and B = 450 nm) are fabricated. Meanwhile, a simple approach is utilized to achieve 20 mm diameter and 16.5 mm focal length. The low scattering and good image quality of reflective PVL enrich these functional devices and provide promising applications to novel foldable optical systems and waveguide‐based wearable near‐eye displays.
An Addition of Terminal Alkynes to Phthalazin‐2‐Ium Bromide Catalyzed by Copper
Authors: Chen Qian , Luo Mingjian , Guo Fang , Liang Kun , Zhou Fanrui , Gao Guolin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA copper‐catalyzed addition of alkynes to phthalazin‐2‐ium bromide has been developed under mild conditions, leading to the production of propargylamines analogues. The addition products of a broad scope of phthalazin‐2‐ium bromides bearing various N‐benzyl or alkyl can be obtained in good to high yields. Moderate enantioselectivity was observed in preliminary screening studies of chiral organic ligand.magnified image
Insights into the Enhanced Cycle and Rate Performances of the F‐Substituted P2‐Type Oxide Cathodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Kai , Tan Susheng , Moon Jisue , Jafta Charl J. , Li Cheng , Kobayashi Takeshi , Lyu Hailong , Bridges Craig A. , Men Shuang , Guo Wei , Sun Yifan , Zhang Jinli , Paranthaman M. Parans , Sun Xiao‐Guang , Dai Sheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of F‐substituted Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2−xFx (x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) cathode materials have been synthesized and characterized by solid‐state 19F and 23Na NMR, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and neutron diffraction. The underlying charge compensation mechanism is systematically unraveled by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) techniques, revealing partial reduction from Mn4+ to Mn3+ upon F‐substitution. It is revealed that not only Ni but also Mn participates in the redox reaction process, which is confirmed for the first time by EELS techniques, contributing to an increase in discharge specific capacity. The detailed structural transformations are also revealed by operando X‐ray diffraction experiments during the intercalation and deintercalation process of Na+, demonstrating that the biphasic reaction is obviously suppressed in the low voltage region via F‐substitution. Hence, the optimized sample with 0.05 mol f.u.−1 fluorine substitution delivers an ultrahigh specific capacity of 61 mAh g−1 at 10 C after 2000 cycles at 30 °C, an extraordinary cycling stability with a capacity retention of 75.6% after 2000 cycles at 10 C and 55 °C, an outstanding full battery performance with 89.5% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 1 C. This research provides a crucial understanding of the influence of F‐substitution on the crystal structure of the P2‐type materials and opens a new avenue for sodium‐ion batteries.
Rethinking Residency Conferences in the Era of COVID‐19
Authors: Gottlieb Michael , Landry Adaira , Egan Daniel J. , Shappell Eric , Bailitz John , Horowitz Russ , Fix Megan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic requires a substantial change to the traditional approach to conference didactics. Switching to a virtual medium for conference sessions presents several challenges, particularly with regard to aspects that rely heavily on in‐person components (e.g., simulation, ultrasound). This paper will discuss the challenges and strategies to address them for conference planning in the era of COVID‐19.
Influence of local density and sex ratio on pollination in an ambophilous flowering plant
Authors: Timerman David , Barrett Spencer C. H. 
Published: March 2020

PremiseVariation in local density and sex ratio in dioecious plants can affect mating success through the actions of pollen vectors, principally generalist insects or wind. Increased density and male‐biased sex ratios should promote pollen transfer and seed production, but their combined effects have not been investigated for ambophilous species, which exhibit both insect and wind pollination.MethodsWe manipulated density (low vs. high) and sex ratio (1:1 vs. 3:1 male‐biased) in arrays of dioecious ambophilousThalictrum pubescens. We quantified visitation rates and foraging times to examine whether pollinators exhibited sex‐specific preferences and determined the seed set of arrays.ResultsPollinators visited more plants per foraging bout at high than low density. Visitation rates and foraging times of visitors were greater for male than for female plants but did not depend on the density or sex ratio of arrays. However, whereas solitary bees displayed a strong preference for males, hover flies were indifferent to plant sex phenotype. Solitary bees also visited significantly more plants per foraging bout than hover flies. There was a significant interaction between density and sex ratio on seed set. At low density, seed set was greater for 3:1 than for 1:1 arrays, but at high density the opposite pattern occurred.ConclusionsThe demographic factors we investigated had complex influences on pollinator foraging behavior and patterns of seed set. Several factors may explain our results, including the influence of density and sex ratio on pollen export from arrays, grooming by pollinators, and the contribution of wind pollination.
Recent advances in material development and process monitoring in polymer additive manufacturing
Authors: Das Arit , Bortner Michael J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the recent progress made in the field of polymer based additive manufacturing. The research works discussed in this article was presented at thePolymers in Additive Manufacturingsession of the Next‐Gen Manufacturing Topical Conference at the 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Annual Meeting. It is worth noting that the developments reviewed in this paper are by no means exhaustive; however, we focus only on the research presented in the aforementioned session for the sake of conciseness. The major focus of this article is on the utilization of macromolecular systems in the emerging field of additive manufacturing. In particular, the article highlights both experimental and computational efforts that utilize polymers in additive manufacturing. Current research trends addressing all methods of polymer‐based additive manufacturing, including material extrusion, stereolithography, and direct ink writing, have been analyzed. Finally, prospective avenues to achieve more fundamental understanding and hence further insights into improving additive manufacturing of polymers have also been presented.