bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safe Landing of a Deviated Well with a Rig Source VSP Using RT Lookahead Seismic Technology
Authors: Kelsall Neil R , Euranie Ludivine C , Kocsis Gábor , Jørgensen Torsten , Adestal Victoria , Kallhovd Anders , Liman Tunc , Stoia Irina-Tulia , Rajan Digvijay 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper demonstrates how an operator mitigated a hazardous pore pressure drilling risk using a technology that was new to the operator. The Seismic While Drilling (SWD) increased safety and efficiency at lower cost over commonly used alternatives. In 2019 MOL Norge AS drilled a deviated exploration well in the southern part of the Norwegian North Sea. The large 300 bar pore pressure uncertainty in the reservoir made it necessary to land the 9 7/8-in casing shoe as close as possible to the reservoir to maintain a safe kick tolerance. The pre-drill depth uncertainty of +/- 75m at the reservoir made it necessary to find a reliable technology to significantly decrease this depth uncertainty.
Borehole seismic technology enables measurement of seismic velocities, which is the main culprit in seismic depth uncertainty. Measuring the time taken for a seismic pulse from a surface airgun to reach a downhole sensor provides velocity information which can provide a significant reduction in depth uncertainty while drilling. The closer the seismic sensor is to the formation of interest then the more accurate the depth prediction of the formation top is. In addition, seismic reflections from the formation top can provide a lookahead capability extending to hundreds of meters. SWD technology coupled with 3D ray-trace modelling allowed a survey to be designed for this deviated well using rig deployed airguns rather than deployment from a costly additional vessel. The survey design included real time data during drilling to significantly reduce the depth uncertainty and also image the reservoir top.
The 12.25in hole section was drilled with a seismic logging while drilling (LWD) tool in the BHA, acquiring data during the drilling connections. Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) processing of the real time data allowed the drilling team to see seismic reflections from the reservoir top during the approach from over 600m away. The decision to stop drilling occurred when the lookahead image indicated the reservoir was at a depth of 3,426 m TVD (+/- 13m), 50m shallower than the predrill plan. The casing point was set at a depth of 3,402 m TVD, approximately twice the depth uncertainty above the lookahead prediction. The actual reservoir top was subsequently logged at 3,425.6m TVD, less than 1m from the predicted depth.
Optimizing The Drilling Process When Using MPD Techniques In Deep Water Applications
Authors: Lovorn Randy , McLennan Andrew , Grayson Brian , Poletzky Isabel 
Published: April 2020

Deep water projects are presently complex, where more drilling challenges can be encountered and higher uncertainty increases the risk of problems during the well construction phase, especially due to the narrow pressure window environments. Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) is one of the technologies that is currently gaining acceptance since demonstrating that it helps control these problems, minimizes the risks, and optimizes the overall well construction process in deep water applications.
MPD is being used not only during the drilling phase, including techniques such as Constant Bottom Hole Pressure (CBHP) and Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD), but also is being implemented because of the benefits of identifying and controlling formation influxes while drilling and/or during connections, controlling wellbore pressures during connections, and while tripping in and out of the hole. Continuous circulation systems (CCS) are also widely used in exploratory wells to enhance control of the wellbore pressure during connections and are being used either in conjunction or without MPD. Once the well has been drilled and the completion has been run in hole, the next step is cementing the casing or liner in place. Managed Pressure Cementing (MPC) can also be implemented and brings additional benefits during this phase such as more precise control of the pressures, allowing the use of lighter fluids, and better monitoring of the overall process.
Different case histories from several areas will be described in this paper to illustrate the drivers, implementation, and results of the various MPD techniques that can be used during the well construction phase including CBHP, PMCD, CCS, and MPC. The paper will also highlight the synergies among these different technologies and how they would further benefit deep water operations.
Back Analysis of Mooring Pile Capacity Based on Pile Driving Data
Authors: Gibson Fraser , Curtis Howard 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Back analysis of foundation piles is an important aspect of a project, as it can allow for refinement of soil parameters, leading to pile holding capacity variations, and a more accurate fatigue life assessment. Back analysis of pile driving data to determine the capacity of an axially loaded pile, such as for a jacket structure, is a well-developed process, with the results of pile driving data directly applicable to axial foundation response. However, for mooring piles, where the loads are dominated by lateral forces, determining the capacity is more complex as the results of driving data are not directly relatable.
Offshore mooring piles are opened-ended steel tubular piles, with diameters typically ranging between 1 m to 2 m, with a padeye (mooring chain attachment point) located at some point along the pile, usually within the upper third. The piles are driven into the seabed with an underwater impact hammer, or vibratory hammer, and are used for mooring floating structures. This paper presents a methodology to carry out a back analysis of mooring pile capacity based on pile driving data. The process involves two stages, the first is to assess the self-weight penetration of the pile, which will allow clarification of the design shallow soil properties; the second stage is to compare the pile driving data, with the estimated soil resistance to driving, to gain an understanding of the deeper soil properties.
The procedure presented within this paper was applied to an assessment offshore South East Asia, a case where location-specific data were not available but were within 500 m of the mooring pile locations. The procedure was used to verify that the piles were suitably designed against the given loading conditions, as the soil data was not co-located with the mooring pile locations.
The process forms an important aspect when considering the future of offshore moorings, specifically looking ahead towards floating offshore wind, potentially offering refinement of design factors, verification of pile capacity, reducing offshore exposure time, and optimizing the fatigue life of piles following driving.
What the Design Codes Don't Tell You - How to Ensure a Leak-Free Joint
Authors: John Timothy Stephen , Cortez Oskar Bryan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The problem of structural integrity in flanged connections has largely been solved by existing codes and standards, which address parameters such as pressure, temperature, and material properties. There are, however, some conditions that if not considered, will undermine the long-term reliability of a flanged connection. By understanding these conditions, it will be possible to select the most suitable connection for a particular application.
Electrification and Other Measures to Minimize Carbon Emissions from the Johan Sverdrup Field
Authors: Birkeland Steinar , Veire Gunnar , Holm Christian , Samuelsen Hans Jørgen , Torgersen Jan Arne , Nordang Håkon Fonseca , Lossius Vibeke , Mjølnerød Nils 
Published: April 2020

As part of the operator's efforts to combat climate change going forward, the operator intends to reduce annual emissions from its oil and gas operations on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) by 40% within 2030, and to near zero by 2050. To achieve these emission reduction targets, the operator pursues energy efficiency measures, flaring elimination, electrification, floating offshore wind farms and other low-carbon solutions.Johan Sverdrup coming on stream plays a key role in the operator's ability to deliver on its international climate commitments. With recoverable resources of 2.7 billion barrels and a field lifetime of more than 50 years, identifying solutions for the Johan Sverdrup field development that minimize emissions from production was key to the concept selection process.The national regulatory and policy context in Norway also played a role. Norway was one of the first countries in the world to introduce a carbon tax, in 1991, and has been a member of the ‘cap and trade’ European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) since 2008, which in effect puts a relatively steep price on carbon emissions from the petroleum sector. In addition, Norway's international climate commitments, with a target to reduce green-house gas emissions by 30% in 2020 relative to 1990 levels, also set clear expectations (even requirements for phase II of the development) for minimizing emissions from the Johan Sverdrup field. The result is a field with one of the lowest carbon emissions from production worldwide, with less than 1kg CO2 per barrel of oil equivalent produced.This paper starts by elaborating on the context and the strategic, regulatory and technical drivers for minimizing emissions from production from the Johan Sverdrup field. It then explores technologies and solutions chosen to minimize emissions – including, primarily, electrification by means of an HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) power-from-shore solution but also energy-efficiency measures to optimize the utilization of the available power. The paper concludes by attempting to summarize lessons-learned of relevance for other oil and gas fields, also outside of the regulatory context of the Norwegian continental shelf.
Development of Anchor Penetration Models for Cable Burial Risk Assessment
Authors: Gibson Fraser , Williams-Crew Robbie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An anchor penetration model is an important aspect of a cable burial risk assessment as the model is there to predict the depth a given anchor will penetrate to, once deployed. There are a number of variables that influence the penetration depth of anchor, which are as follows: Anchor size; Fluke length; Fluke angle; and Soil type. The anchor size is considered as the weight, in kg, of a given anchor required to stop a vessel of a given displacement tonnage. The fluke length and fluke angle vary depending on the type of anchor, manufacturer, and anchor size. Current industry guidance presents a number of example values with respect to fluke lengths, and vessel displacements; however, these are generic values and are not necessarily suitable for all cable scenarios.
This paper presents a methodology that can be used to develop a detailed anchor penetration model for a given region for input into a cable burial risk assessment. The process is applicable for any region, and for specific vessels in that region, thus reducing the conservatism in the overall required penetration depth. The above variables are presented along with a number of factors that can influence the overall penetration depth, and how these should be treated.
The model has been implemented on a number of projects, and compared against the limitations of current industry practice. The results indicate that for a given anchor penetration prediction, by using a more appropriate regional model, the predictions are less conservative, leading to a reduced burial depth requirement.
Cable burial and protection is a critical aspect for a given windfarm development; however, overconservative burial depths can increase the installation cost significantly, and increase the time required for installation, leading to greater exposure time for the cable and offshore personnel. More accurate predictions at the planning stage can remove these conservatisms, introducing a more efficient installation and operation phase.
AİLE YAŞAM DÖNGÜSÜ ÖLÇEĞİ GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI: EŞLERİN FARKLI DÖNGÜLERDEKİ TUTUM VE DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: SELMAN Adnan 
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırma
ülkemizin sosyo-kültürel yapısı göz önüne alınarak, eşlerin farklı döngülerdeki
tutum ve davranışlarında meydana gelen değişimleri belirlemeye yönelik bir
‘Aile Yaşam Döngüsü Ölçeği’ geliştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda,
çalışmada örneklem grubuna uygulanan anket formundan elde edilen verilerden
hareketle, aile yaşam döngüsü ölçeğinin geçerliliği ve güvenirliliği ile ilgili
yapılan analiz ve değerlendirmelere yer verilmiş ve eşlerin aile yaşam döngüsü
süreçleri içindeki tutum düzeylerini yansıtan bulgular ortaya konmaya
çalışılmıştır. İki faktörlü (bağımsız değişken) olarak planlanan çalışmada
veriler yüzde, frekans dağılımı,
aritmetik ortalama, t-testi, tek yönlü ve çift yönlü varyans analizi
(ANOVA), Lsd Post-hoc çoklu karşılaştırma testi teknikleri kullanılarak analiz
edilmiştir.
Evidence of changes in sedimentation rate and sediment fabric in a low-oxygen setting: Santa Monica Basin, CA
Authors: Kemnitz Nathaniel , Berelson William M. , Hammond Douglas E. , Morine Laura , Figueroa Maria , Lyons Timothy W. , Scharf Simon , Rollins Nick , Petsios Elizabeth , Lemieux Sydnie , Treude Tina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The Southern California Bight is adjacent to one of the world's
largest urban areas, Los Angeles. As a consequence, anthropogenic impacts
could disrupt local marine ecosystems due to municipal and industrial waste
discharge, pollution, flood control measures, and global warming. Santa
Monica Basin (SMB), due to its unique setting in a low-oxygen and high-sedimentation environment, can provide an excellent sedimentary paleorecord
of these anthropogenic changes. This study examined 10 sediment cores,
collected from different parts of the SMB between spring and summer 2016,
and compared them to existing cores in order to document changes in
sedimentary dynamics during the last 250 years, with an emphasis on the last
40 years. The 210Pb-based mass accumulation rates (MARs) for the deepest and lowest oxygen-containing parts of the SMB basin (900–910 m) have been remarkably
consistent during the past century, averaging 17.1±0.6 mg cm−2 yr−1. At slightly shallower sites (870–900 m), accumulation rates
showed more variation but yield the same accumulation rate, 17.9±1.9 mg cm−2 yr−1. Excess 210Pb sedimentation rates were consistent
with rates established using bomb test 137Cs profiles. We also examined
14C profiles from two cores collected in the deepest part of the SMB,
where fine laminations are present up to about 450 yr BP. These data
indicate that the MAR was slower prior to ∼1900 CE (rates
obtained were 9 and 12 mg cm−2 yr−1). The δ13Corg profiles
show a relatively constant value where laminations are present, suggesting
that the change in sediment accumulation rate is not accompanied by a change
in organic carbon sources to the basin. The increase in sedimentation rate
towards the Recent occurs at about the time previous studies predicted an
increase in siltation and the demise of a shelly shelf benthic fauna on the
SMB shelf. X-radiographs show finely laminated sediments in the deepest part of the
basin only, with centimeter-scale layering of sediments or no layering whatsoever in
shallower parts of the SMB basin. The absence of finely laminated sediments
in cores MUC 10 (893 m) and MUC 3 (777 m) suggests that the rate at which
anoxia is spreading has not increased appreciably since cores were last
analyzed in the 1980s. Based on core top data collected during the past half
century, sedimentary dynamics within SMB have changed minimally during the last
40 years. Specifically, mass accumulation rates, laminated sediment fabric,
extent of bioturbation and % Corg have not changed. The only
parameter that appeared to have changed in the last 450 years was the MAR,
with an apparent > 50 % increase occurring between ∼1850 CE and the early 1900s. The post-1900 CE constancy of
sedimentation through a period of massive urbanization in Los Angeles is
surprising.
Surface deformation relating to the 2018 Lake Muir earthquake sequence, southwest Western Australia: new insight into stable continental region earthquakes
Authors: Clark Dan J. , Brennand Sarah , Brenn Gregory , Garthwaite Matthew C. , Dimech Jesse , Allen Trevor I. , Standen Sean 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. A shallow Mw 5.3 earthquake near Lake Muir in the
stable continental region (SCR) crust of southwest Western Australia on the
16 September 2018 was followed on the 8 November by a
proximal Mw 5.2 event. Focal mechanisms produced for the events suggest
reverse and strike-slip rupture, respectively. Field mapping, guided by
Sentinel-1 InSAR data, reveals that the first event produced an approximately
3 km long and up to 0.4–0.6 m high west-facing surface rupture, consistent
with reverse slip on a moderately east-dipping fault. The InSAR data also
show that the surface scarp relates to a subsurface rupture
∼ 5 km long, bound at its northern and southern extremities by
bedrock structures. The November event produced a surface deformation
envelope that is spatially coincident with that of the September event but
did not result in discrete surface rupture. Almost 900 aftershocks
were recorded by a temporary seismometer deployment. Hypocentre locations
correlate poorly with the rupture plane of their respective mainshocks but
correlate well with regions of increased Coulomb stress. The spatial and
temporal relationships between the Mw>5.0 events and
their aftershocks reveals dependencies with implications for how other less
well-documented SCR earthquake sequences could be interpreted. Furthermore,
the September Mw 5.3 Lake Muir earthquake was the ninth event documented
to have produced surface rupture in Australia in historical times. These
nine ruptures are located exclusively in the Precambrian non-extended SCR
rocks of central and western Australia, and none could have been identified
and mapped using topographic signature prior to the historical event.
Consistent, though fragmentary, evidence exists from analogous regions
worldwide. Our analysis of the Lake Muir earthquake sequence therefore
provides constraint on models describing mechanisms for strain accumulation
and localized release as earthquakes in non-extended SRC crust.
Clinical Presentation and Therapy of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia Resistant to Splenectomy
Authors: Kara-Jovanović Aleksandar , Suvajdžić-Vuković Nada 
Published: April 2020

Background: A satisfactory therapeutic response is achieved with splenectomy in 60–80% of the patients diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). There is an ongoing consensus on the short-term efficacy of splenectomy, however, its long-term efficacy remains controversial. Our aim was to establish the frequency of resistance and relapse after splenectomy, the occurrence of complications, the therapeutic strategies and the drug efficacy in splenectomy-resistant ITP.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 138 adult ITP patients who had been previously diagnosed and treated at the Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, and who underwent splenectomy between 1987 and 2018.
Results: Of the 138 ITP patients, 20.3% (n=28/138) were refractory to splenectomy, 11.6% (n=16/138) relapsed and 8.7% (n=12/138) were primarily resistant. The average post-splenectomy follow-up period was 117 months (range 3-474). The average follow-up period of the patients resistant to splenectomy was 147 months (range 23-474). Of the patients refractory to splenectomy, 67.8% (n=19/28) showed a good therapeutic response: 49% (n=14/28) complete remission and 18.8% (n=5/28) partial remission. The response was usually achieved using the following drugs: romiplostim (100%), eltrombopag (75%), cyclosporine (66.67%), mycophenolate mofetil (50%), danazol (50%) and corticosteroids (40.9%). Hemorrhagic and non-hemorrhagic complications occurred in 78.6% (n=22/28) and 28.6% (n=8/28) of the patients, respectively.
Conclusion: Splenectomy remains a very efficient therapeutic modality for the treatment of ITP patients with a high percentage of splenectomy-resistant patients achieving remission. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists have shown exceptional results so far in the treatment of refractory ITP patients.
A Review of Social Cognitive Theory and Self-care for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Mahadi Nomahaza , Abdullah Siti Nurani , Baskaran Shathees 
Published: May 2020

Diabetes could be very challenging to manage due to its high complication that could give negative impacts to patient’s quality of life. Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable chronic disease that has caused significant morbidity since ten years ago. Diabetes Mellitus treatment is essential to reduce disease complication. Adapting self-care behaviour based on theory can, therefore, be implemented as one of the effective ways of managing diabetes. Social Cognitive Theory has been one of the most common theories that used in many studies as to improve behaviours in-patient with chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, managing good self-care is very important in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality of diabetes patients, however diabetes self-care became a challenge to many people living with diabetes, as they need to adapt and learn self-care practices in their daily lives. Thus this paper would provide an understanding of the health care professional in delivering their self-care services, also helping oneself to stay healthy and control their disease by good self-care practices.
From Herland to #MeToo: Utopia or Dystopia?
Authors: MacMillen Sarah Louise 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Some of the impetus of the #MeToo movement may derive from feminist imaginings of utopia—popularized recently in films like Wonder Woman (2017). One hundred years before the #MeToo movement, a feminist utopia was envisioned in the novel Herland (published serially between 1910–1916) by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, a first-wave American feminist novelist and sociologist. This article explores the tropes of #MeToo’s parallel mythological construction of shaming and exclusion of male characteristics in a literary scope. It suggests that Gilman’s Herland reflects archetypal blueprints for the feminist impulse driving #MeToo. The conclusion of the article argues that there are some weaknesses to this scope, in light of examples of heterosexual encounters in other artistic forms, through the lenses of social theory and theology’s views of sexuality.
Financialization, Climate Change, and the Future of the Capitalist World-Ecology: On Kim Stanley Robinson’sNew York 2140
Authors: Ortiz Roberto J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article takes Kim Stanley Robinson’s science fiction as a point of departure for a series of reflections on the trajectory of the capitalist world-ecology. It argues that his novel New York 2140 provides an interesting description of financialized accumulation in the age of climate change. The novel provides a representation of what is arguably the most insurmountable contradiction of late capitalism: while climate change continues to cement the dominance of finance over the capitalist system as a whole, finance’s dominance, nonetheless, coincides with the exacerbation of the climate crisis and the decline of long-run accumulation, not with its enhancement.