bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provenance of Cenozoic Indus Fan Sediments (IODP Sites U1456 and U1457)
Authors: Garzanti Eduardo , Andò Sergio , Vezzoli Giovanni 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTProvenance analysis of IODP Expedition 355 cores in the Laxmi Basin sheds new light on the erosional evolution of the Himalayan belt and its western syntaxis during the Neogene and on large-scale mass-wasting and magmatic events that affected the western continental margin of India in the mid-Miocene and early Paleocene. In the cored Laxmi Basin succession, heavy minerals are far less affected by selective diagenetic dissolution than in foreland-basin sandstones exposed along the Himalayan front. Occurrence of euhedral aegirine and apatite in lower Paleocene mudrocks can be tied to alkaline volcanism affecting the adjacent western Indian margin during the late stage of Deccan activity. In the mid-Miocene Nataraja Slide (the second-largest mass-transport deposit reported from passive margins worldwide), dominant carbonate detritus and depleted heavy-mineral suites (including apatite, garnet, and locally augite or rare aegirine) reveal gravitational failure and sliding of the entire succession of carbonate and siliciclastic Paleogene to lower Neogene strata originally accumulated offshore of the Saurashtra margin of western India. Contrary to previous inferences, reworking of Indus-derived detritus by the slide was negligible. The overlying upper Miocene to lower Pleistocene turbidite package has the same feldspatho-litho-quartzose to litho-feldspatho-quartzose signature of modern Indus fluvio-deltaic sand, indicating that amphibolite-facies metamorphic rocks have been widely exposed in the Himalaya–Karakorum orogen since at least the mid-Miocene. Pleistocene nannofossil oozes with planktonic foraminifera at the top of the fan contain a very subordinate litho-feldspatho-quartzose terrigenous fraction including augitic clinopyroxene, suggesting mixing of dominant biogenic debris with minor detritus contributed both by the Indus River and by a river draining western peninsular India, possibly the paleo-Narmada or the paleo-Tapti.
Topside Distributed Acoustic Sensing of Subsea Wells
Authors: Ellmauthaler Andreas , Seabrook Brian , Maida John , Wilson Glenn , Bush Jeff , Dupree James , Uribe Mauricio 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Topside interrogation for distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) of subsea wells for vertical seismic profiling (VSP), well integrity, and sand control requires optical engineering solutions to compensate for the insertion losses and back reflections accumulated through umbilicals, multiple wet- and dry-mate optical connectors, splices, optical feedthrough systems, and downhole sensing fiber and wet mates. Moreover, the acoustic bandwidth is inherently limited by the total length of the sensing fiber. To obviate these problems, we describe a subsea fiber topology with two ultralow loss transmission fibers from the topside to a remote optical circulator deployed in the optical flying lead at the subsea tree. This limits the sensing fiber portion of the total fiber length to the fiber located below the remote circulator, and eliminates all back reflections from the multiple subsea connectors above the remote circulator. The receiver arm in the DAS interrogator only senses pure backscatter light from below the circulator. The pulse repetition rate is only constrained by the fiber length below the remote circulator, thus enabling dry-tree equivalent acoustic bandwidths of 10+ kHz regardless of the tie-back distance. This yields significant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement via stacking and selective amplification, while further enabling sensing of high-frequency acoustic events occurring inside or in the vicinity of the wellbore. A fiber with enhanced back-reflectance is deployed in both the upper and lower completions inside a triple-tube cable design that provides a hydrogen-permeation barrier to delay onset of hydrogen-induced attenuation. Results from various laboratory and field trials are shown to validate system performance.
The Digitalization Journey of the Brage Digital Twin
Authors: Kronberger Peter , Dabrowski Peter , Chacon Joel , Bangert Patrick 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Digital transformation of existing processes using technologies such as big data, advanced data analytics, machine learning, automation and cloud computing will enable continuous performance improvements within the operational sphere. The application of the technology will link the physical and digital world, providing a digital model of physical assets and processes. It will represent the evergreen, wholly integrated digital asset model - from reservoir to export pipeline.
The Brage operations team identified processes with the highest potential for digital transformations during an initial opportunity framing workshop. Based on pain points and business needs, the clear emphasis is in the areas of production & well performance optimization, high-spec live-data visualization, as well as the entire flow of information from database integration up to dashboarding.
Strong reliance on an improved data infrastructure and IT/OT performance will require close cooperation with the IT/OT team. New solutions will be aligned with and integrated into already identified global solutions.
The improved acquisition of data, together with the integration of already existing ‘Digital Twin’ technologies will enable the first redesign of work processes. Prioritization of processes to be transformed will be mandated by their business impact as well as possibility to scale to other Wintershall Dea assets too.
Focus areas, such as Slugging, Digital Production Engineer, Intelligent Maintenance, Dashboarding and Planning/Scheduling, were defined as more and more ideas evolved. Individual processes such as water injection and scaling surveillance were made more time efficient and transparent. The vision is to bring all processes together into a customizable and collaborative dashboarding solution.
Intended completion of the first phase is Q4 2019. The following phase will be the execution of a larger scoped technology implementation that will be defined in detail by then.
Screening of Nanoparticles with Considering the Pore Structure and Initial Oil Connectivity Effects
Authors: Omran Mohamed , Akarri Salem , Bila Alberto , Torsæter Ole 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Polymer-coated silica nanoparticles (PSiNP) have been proposed for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) owing to their improved properties such as stability, emulsion formation, low retention, etc. over bare nanoparticles. Even though most studies report EOR potential of nanoparticles compared to plain water flood, the underlying oil recovery mechanisms of nanoparticles are not well understood. This experimental work investigates the efficiency of PSiNP for oil recovery on micro-scale via comparing waterflooding to nanofluid flooding with minimizing the variations in pore architecture and initial oil connectivity on the trapping efficiency.
This research unleashes the potential application of four types of PSiNPs for EOR in water-wet Berea sandstone reservoirs and microfluidic chips. The PSiNPs were mixed with synthetic seawater at 0.1 wt % concentration. The oil recoveries were compared with waterflooding obtained on the same core. For this purpose, the following experiments were performed: First, four waterfloods were carried out until there was no oil production on four cores. Then, the cores were cleaned and dried. Afterwards, each core was injected with nanofluid in secondary recovery mode. To compare the four types of PSiNPs, microfluidic experiments were performed under the same experimental conditions such as pore-structure and initial oil connectivity. Measurements of interfacial tension and contact angle, and analysis of differential pressure across the cores and pore-scale images were performed to reveal possible recovery mechanisms of PSiNPs.
The nanofluids had higher ultimate oil recoveries than plain waterflood. The PSiNPs with small particle sizes had the highest reduction in IFT and the best capability to disconnect and minimize the size of the residual oil clusters within the pore spaces. Our hypothesis is that the adsorption of PSiNPs on the grain surfaces played a considerable role in the oil displacement efficiency. On the other hand, the ability of PSiNPs to cause pore-blockage and log-jamming attributed to the large NP size and adsorption on surfaces was strongly related to the displacement efficiency. Performing screening experiments of different nanofluids on cores with similar petrophysical properties could produce misleading results. Microfluidic experiments have advantages over the core-flooding experiments. Since the microchip has different properties compared to natural rocks; the results did not correlate with core-scale experiments. However, it was a significant tool, in this work, to indicate the generation of emulsions and the rate of clusterization, which cannot be seen from conventional core-scale experiments.
The knowledge gained from this experimental work helps to improve the screening methodology for the use of recovery agents such as nanoparticles for EOR applications.
A Revolution in Performance using a GPU Based Simulator
Authors: Siavoshi Jamal , Mukundakrishnan Karthik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Geological models are preferably built with very fine grids in a 3D dimensional geometry to capture reservoir complexity and heterogeneity. However, simulating such detailed models with sizes that can range to the 100’s of millions of cells is a huge challenge for current commercial CPU (Central Processing Unit) simulators as the results cannot be achieved within an acceptable time frame and simulation may last days or weeks.
These long run times cause a delay in achieving a robust history matched or production forecast model as it constrains the ability to effectively characterize the uncertainty range of subsurface parameters and potential development solutions. Restricting the number of alternate scenarios in this manner diminishes the ability to arrive at solutions which may lead to loss of business opportunity and economic value. The alternatives have been used by oil and gas industry so far to reduce simulation run time, are either upscaling fine grid models to a coarser grid, consequently reducing the number of cells or increasing the number of nodes on a high-performance cluster so that simulation results can be achieved more rapidly by parallel computing using CPU based simulators. The former solution is limited by reservoir complexity and the latter by the scaling limits of the software. However, recent advances in high performance technical computing using Graphic Processing Units (GPU) has generated significant interest in the performance characteristics of a GPU-based simulator. This paper demonstrates performance of new generation of GPU based simulator as compared to CPU based simulators. A simulation run time of 9-11 hours on a 4-core CPU based simulator was reduced to 25-40 min on 1 GPU based simulator with tight bounds on results.
Gene locus polymorphisms and expression levels of interleukin-1 in lumbar disc disease: a meta-analysis and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Jiang Hua , Xiao Qianyi , Zhang Ruijun , Wang Jiaqi , Meng Dihua , Zhan Xinli , Wei Qingjun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between interleukin (IL)-1α (rs1800587), IL-1β (rs1143634) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (RN) variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphisms, expression levels and lumbar disc disease (LDD).Methods: All relevant articles were searched from 4 databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Odds ratios (OR) with 95 % conﬁdence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the association between IL-1 gene locus polymorphisms (rs1800587 in IL-1α, rs1143634 in IL-1β, VNTR in IL-1RN) and LDD susceptibility. Statistical analysis was conducted by Review Manager (Revman) 5.31 software. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to evaluate IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-1RN expressions in the normal and degenerated disc.Results: A total of 15 case-control studies (1455 cases and 2362 controls) were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled results suggested that IL-1α rs1800587 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of LDD in overall population (T vs. C, OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.04-1.40, P=0.01). The subgroup analysis found a significant association between IL-1β rs1143634 polymorphism and LDD in Asian population (T vs. C, OR=0.61, 95%CI=0.39-0.96, P=0.03). Results of qRT-PCR and IHC demonstrated that expressions of IL-1α and IL-1-β were significantly increased in the degenerated disc. (all P<0.05 )Conclusion: IL-1α rs1800587 and IL-1β rs1143634 polymorphisms were significantly associated with LDD in overall population and in Asian population, respectively. The increased expression levels of IL-1α and IL-1β may be the important risk factors for LDD.
How to promote exclusive breastfeeding in Ireland: a qualitative study on views of Chinese immigrant mothers
Authors: Chen Haoyue , Li Cheng , Zhou Qianling , Cassidy Tanya M. , Younger Katherine M. , Shen Siao , Kearney John M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The exclusive breastfeeding rate in Ireland is very low with extremely slow annual growth. The population of immigrants in Ireland is increasing. Improving exclusive breastfeeding practice among immigrants may contribute to the overall improvement of exclusive breastfeeding rates in Ireland. This study was conducted to elicit suggestions on improving exclusive breastfeeding rate for six months among Chinese immigrants in Ireland. Methods: Fourteen semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese immigrant mothers residing in Ireland, who breastfed exclusively for four to six months. Interviews were recorded and transcribed in Chinese. Data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. Themes were developed through categorization of codes and via in-depth discussion between two researchers. Results: Themes generated from thematic content analyses were 1) suggestions for new mothers: being strong mentally and getting support from family and friends; 2) suggestions for employers: creating a supportive workplace by setting up private room and breastmilk storage facilities; 3) suggestions for health care professionals: advocating breastfeeding in the hospital and addressing cultural differences by recruiting multilingual staff; 4) suggestions for the government: promoting breastfeeding by initiating societal and policy changes. Conclusions: The key findings emerging from this study may be considered in the development of breastfeeding promotion strategies in Ireland. Our findings could also have implications for other English-speaking countries with low rates of exclusive breastfeeding.
Mediation effect of body mass index on the association between spicy food intake and hyperuricemia in rural Chinese adults: the Henan Rural Cohort Study
Authors: Dong Xiaokang , Li Yuqian , Yang Kaili , Zhang Lulu , Xue Yuan , Yu Songcheng , Liu Xiaotian , Tu Runqi , Qiao Dou , Luo Zhicheng , Liu Xue , Wang Yan , Li Wenjie , Zheng Zhaohui , Wang Chongjian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The relationship of spicy food intake with hyperuricemia remains unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the association between spicy food intake and hyperuricemia, and whether this association was mediated by body mass index (BMI) in Chinese rural population.Methods: 38, 027 adults aged 18–79 years were recruited from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Information on spicy food intake was obtained using a validated questionnaire survey. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between spicy food intake and hyperuricemia, multiple linear regression model was performed to estimate the relationships between spicy food intake, BMI and serum urate level. BMI was used as a mediator to evaluate the mediation effect.Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, compared with no spicy food flavor, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of mild, middle, and heavy flavor for hyperuricemia were 1.09 (1.00-1.19), 1.10 (0.97-1.24), and 1.21 (1.10-1.46), respectively (Ptrend=0.017). Similarly, compared with those without intake in spicy food, the multivariable adjusted OR (95% CI) of 1-2days/week, 3-5 days/week, and 6-7 days/week were 1.15 (1.01-1.31), 1.14 (1.01-1.30) and 1.15 (1.05-1.26), respectively (Ptrend=0.007). However, when we further controlling for BMI, the associations were substantially attenuated. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed that BMI play a full mediating role in the relationship of spicy food intake with hyperuricemia.﻿Conclusion: Spicy food flavor and intake frequency are positively related with hyperuricemia in Chinese rural population. BMI may play a full mediating role in the relationship.
Can Computed Tomography-Based Radiomics Potentially Discriminate Between Anterior Mediastinal Cysts and type B1 and B2 thymomas?
Authors: Liu Lulu , Lu Fangxiao , Pang Peipei , Shao Guoliang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Anterior mediastinal cysts (AMC) are often misdiagnosed as thymomas and undergo surgical resection, which caused unnecessary treatment and medical resources waste. The purpose of this study is to explore potential possibility of computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics for the diagnosis of AMC and type B1 and B2 thymomas.Methods: A group of 188 patients with pathologically confirmed AMC (106 cases misdiagnosed as thymomas in CT) and thymomas (82 cases) and underwent routine chest CT from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The lesions were manually delineated using ITK-SNAP software, and radiomics features were performed using the Artificial Intelligence Kit (AK) software. A total of 396 tumor texture features were extracted from enhanced CT and unenhanced CT, respectively. The general test, correlation analysis and LASSO were used to features selection and then the radiomics signature (radscore) were obtained. The combined model including radscore and independent clinical factors were developed. The model performances were evaluated on discrimination, calibration curve.Results: Two radscore model were constructed from the unenhanced and enhanced phases based on the selected 4 and 3 features, respectively. The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of the enhanced radscore model were 0.928, 89.3% and 83.8% in the training dataset and 0.899, 84.6%, 87.5% in the test dataset (higher than the unenhanced radscore model). The combined model of enhanced CT including radiomics features and independent clinical factors yielded an AUC, sensitivity and specificity of 0.941, 82.1%, and 94.6% in the training dataset and 0.938, 92.3%, and 87.5% in the test dataset (higher than the unenhanced combined model and enhanced radscore model). Conclusions: The study suggested the possibility that the combined model in enhanced CT provided a potential tool to facilitate the differential diagnosis of AMC and type B1 and B2 thymomas.
Imaging analysis of 13 rare cases of renal collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma patients in northern China: a case series and literature review.
Authors: Lyu Zhehao , Liu Lili , Li Huimin , Wang Haibo , Liu Qi , Chen Tingting , Xu Meiling , Tian Lin , Fu Peng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Collective duct carcinoma (CDC) is a highly malignant kidney tumor which is rare in clinical. We report our 12-year experience of Collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma (CDC) and retrospectively analyzed patients and tumour characteristics, clinical manifestations, different imaging characteristics including CT, MRI and PET/CT. Methods: From January 2007 to December 2019, we retrospectively examined all renal tumors and identifed 13 cases of CDC from 3 medical centers in the northern China. All 13 patients underwent CT scan, 8 of whom underwent dynamic enhanced CT scan, 2 underwent PET/CT scan and 1 underwent MRCP examination. The lesions were divided into nephritis type and mass type according to the morphology of the tumors.Results: The study group included 10 men and 3 women, with an average age of 64.23±10.74 years old. Of these 13 patients, the main clinical manifestations include gross hematuria, flank pain or waist discomfort. The mean tumour size was 8.48 ± 2.48 cm. In this group of cases, 6 (46.2%) cases are cortical-medullary involved type, 7 (53.8%) cases are cortex-medullary-pelvis involved type. 11 (84.6%) cases were nephritis type and 2 (15.4%) cases were mass type. The lesions appeared solid or complex solid and cystic on CT and MRI. The parenchymal part of 13 CDC tumors showed isodensity or slightly higher density on unenhanced CT scan. Two patients with PET/CT showed increased radioactivity intake. Evidence of intra-abdominal metastatic disease was present on CT in 9 ( 69.2% ) cases.Conclusions: The Collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma has its certain imaging characteristics which were different from the other renal cell carcinoma. A renal tumor should be considered as CDC when it locates in the junction zone of the renal cortex and medulla, with unclear border, slight enhancement and metastases in early stage. PET/CT can greatly enrich the key information of diagnosis, surgery and treatment options, which provide significant help to the clinic.
Metabolomics coupled with integrated approaches reveals the therapeutic effect of higenamine combined with [6] -gingerol&nbsp;on&nbsp;doxorubicin-induced&nbsp;chronic heart failure&nbsp;in rats
Authors: Wen Jianxia , Ma Xiao , Niu Ming , Hao Junjie , Huang Ying , Wang Ruilin , Li Ruisheng , Wang Jian , Zhao Yanling 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This study was aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism of higenamine combined with [6]-gingerol (HG/[6]-GR) against doxorubicin (DOX) - induced chronic heart failure (CHF) in rats.Materials and methods: Therapeutic effects of HG/[6]-GR on hemodynamics indices, serum biochemical indicators, histopathology and TUNEL staining of rats were assessed. Moreover, a UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based serum metabolic approach was performed to identify the metabolites and possible pathways of HG/[6]-GR on DOX-induced CHF. Results: HG/[6]-GR had effects on promoting of hemodynamic indices, alleviating serum biochemical indicators, improving the pathological characteristics of heart tissue and reducing the apoptosis of myocardial cells. Serum metabolisms analyses indicated that the therapeutic effects of HG and [6]-GR were mainly associated with the regulation of eight metabolites, including acetylphosphate, 3-Carboxy-1-hydroxypropylthiamine diphosphate, coenzyme A, palmitic acid, PE(O-18:1(1Z)/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)), oleic acid, lysoPC(18:1(9Z)), and PC(16:0/16:0). Pathway analysis showed that the treatment of HG/[6]-GR on CHF treatment was related to twelve pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), pyruvate metabolism, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Serum metabolites and metabolic pathways regulated by HG/[6]-GR appear to be related to energy metabolism.Conclusion: Multivariate statistical analysis has provided new insights for understanding CHF and investigating the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of HG/[6]-GR, which influencing the metabolites and pathways related to energy metabolism pathway.