bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Médium ou média ? Film ou cinéma ?
Authors: Jullier Laurent 
Published: August 2020

Cet article a pour objectif de clarifier la distinction entre médium et média, notamment lorsqu’elle est utilisée comme outil heuristique, en prenant comme exemple de son application celui du cinéma. La discussion s’y déroule en trois temps. D’abord, une mise au point terminologique montre qu’un certain flou entoure les catégories de médium et de média, ce qui rend leur emploi quelque peu problématique dans un cadre scientifique. Ensuite, une stratégie qu’on pourrait qualifier de « soustractive » est examinée, celle de la « spécificité du médium », couramment employée dans le champ de la critique, mais peut-être pas aussi efficace qu’on le pense dans le cas de notre exemple, celui du cinéma. La difficulté à énoncer des définitions d’essence ayant été montrée, on se tournera alors vers les définitions d’usage, ce qui suppose d’observer, parmi les pratiques quotidiennes du commerce avec les films, celles qui semblent articuler la différence entre médium et média.
La mère abjecte dans la transcréation québécoise
Authors: Pascal Marie 
Published: August 2020

Si les champs de la sociologie et de la psychanalyse se sont intéressés à la thématique de l’abjection, à ce jour, peu d’études ont été consacrées à ses formes artistiques, soient-elles littéraires ou cinématographiques. Dans cet article, nous évaluons les représentations de la mère abjecte entre quatre paires de textes et films de la transcréation québécoise :Un homme et son péché(Grignon 1933 ; Binamé 2002),Le torrent(Hébert 1950 ; Lavoie 2012),Le collectionneur(Brouillet 1995 ; Beaudin 2002) etBorderline(Labrèche 2000 ; Charlebois 2008). Pivot de la thématique de ces romans, la mère apparaît comme cause de marginalité et lieu honni pour les personnages qui tentent de s’en éloigner. Or les films tirés de ces ouvrages ne se contentent pas de représenter les sèmes abjects de la mère à l’écran : ils transcréent cette thématique qui investit en conséquence les différentes strates filmiques. À partir de la narratologie d’André Gaudreault, nous considérons tour à tour, dans quatre micro-analyses (portant sur les prégénériques, les effets de tournage, de cadrage et de montage), différents visages de l’abjection disséminée entre images, textes et sons.
Mining of prognosis-related genes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma immune microenvironment
Authors: Ma Jiong , Cheng Pu , Chen Xuejun , Zhou Chunxia , Zheng Wei 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to explore the effective immune scoring method and mine the novel and potential immune microenvironment-related diagnostic and prognostic markers for cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSSC).

Materials and Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data was downloaded and multiple data analysis approaches were initially used to search for the immune-related scoring system on the basis of Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumour tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm. Afterwards, the representative genes in the gene modules correlated with immune-related scores based on ESTIMATE algorithm were further screened using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and network topology analysis. Gene functions were mined through enrichment analysis, followed by exploration of the correlation between these genes and immune checkpoint genes. Finally, survival analysis was applied to search for genes with significant association with overall survival and external database was employed for further validation.

Results
The immune-related scores based on ESTIMATE algorithm was closely associated with other categories of scores, the HPV infection status, prognosis and the mutation levels of multiple CSCC-related genes (HLA and TP53). Eighteen new representative immune microenvironment-related genes were finally screened closely associated with patient prognosis and were further validated by the independent dataset GSE44001.

Conclusion
Our present study suggested that the immune-related scores based on ESTIMATE algorithm can help to screen out novel immune-related diagnostic indicators, therapeutic targets and prognostic predictors in CSCC.
Additional records and stratigraphic distribution of the middle Eocene carettochelyid turtleAnosteira pulchrafrom the Uinta Formation of Utah, North America
Authors: Adrian Brent , Holroyd Patricia A. , Hutchison J. Howard , Townsend KE Beth 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundAnosteira pulchrais one of two species of the obligately-aquatic freshwater clade Carettochelyidae (pig-nosed turtles) from the Eocene of North America.Anosteira pulchrais typically rare in collections, and their distribution is poorly documented. The Uinta Formation [Fm.] contains a diverse assemblage of turtles from the Uintan North American Land Mammal Age. Whereas turtles are abundantly preserved in the Uinta Fm.,A. pulchrahas been reported only from a few specimens in the Uinta C Member.MethodsWe describe new records ofAnosteira pulchrafrom the Uinta Basin and analyze the distribution of 95 specimens from multiple repositories in the previously published stratigraphic framework of the middle and upper Uinta Fm.ResultsHere we report the first records of the species from the Uinta B interval, document it from multiple levels within the stratigraphic section and examine its uncommon appearance in only approximately 5% of localities where turtles have been systematically collected. This study details and extends the range ofA. pulchrain the Uinta Fm. and demonstrates the presence of the taxon in significantly lower stratigraphic layers. These newly described fossils include previously unknown elements and associated trace fossils, with new anatomical information presented. This study provides insight into the taxonomy ofAnosteiraspp. in the middle Eocene, and suggests the presence of a single species, though no synonymy is defined here due to limits in Bridger material.
High fat-fed GPR55 null mice display impaired glucose tolerance without concomitant changes in energy balance or insulin sensitivity but are less responsive to the effects of the cannabinoids rimonabant or Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabivarin on weight gain
Authors: Wargent Edward T. , Kepczynska Malgorzata , Zaibi Mohamed Sghaier , Hislop David C. , Arch Jonathan R.S. , Stocker Claire J. 
Published: August 2020

Background
The insulin-sensitizing phytocannabinoid, Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) can signal partly via G-protein coupled receptor-55 (GPR55 behaving as either an agonist or an antagonist depending on the assay). The cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) inverse agonist rimonabant is also a GPR55 agonist under some conditions. Previous studies have shown varied effects of deletion of GPR55 on energy balance and glucose homeostasis in mice. The contribution of signalling via GPR55 to the metabolic effects of THCV and rimonabant has been little studied.

Methods
In a preliminary experiment, energy balance and glucose homeostasis were studied in GPR55 knockout and wild-type mice fed on both standard chow (to 20 weeks of age) and high fat diets (from 6 to 15 weeks of age). In the main experiment, all mice were fed on the high fat diet (from 6 to 14 weeks of age). In addition to replicating the preliminary experiment, the effects of once daily administration of THCV (15 mg kg−1 po) and rimonabant (10 mg kg−1 po) were compared in the two genotypes.

Results
There was no effect of genotype on absolute body weight or weight gain, body composition measured by either dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), fat pad weights, food intake, energy expenditure, locomotor activity, glucose tolerance or insulin tolerance in mice fed on chow. When the mice were fed a high fat diet, there was again no effect of genotype on these various aspects of energy balance. However, in both experiments, glucose tolerance was worse in the knockout than the wild-type mice. Genotype did not affect insulin tolerance in either experiment. Weight loss in rimonabant- and THCV-treated mice was lower in knockout than in wild-type mice, but surprisingly there was no detectable effect of genotype on the effects of the drugs on any aspect of glucose homeostasis after taking into account the effect of genotype in vehicle-treated mice.

Conclusions
Our two experiments differ from those reported by others in finding impaired glucose tolerance in GPR55 knockout mice in the absence of any effect on body weight, body composition, locomotor activity or energy expenditure. Nor could we detect any effect of genotype on insulin tolerance, so the possibility that GPR55 regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion merits further investigation. By contrast with the genotype effect in untreated mice, we found that THCV and rimonabant reduced weight gain, and this effect was in part mediated by GPR55.
Soil Transmitted Helminth Infections among Slum Dwelling Women in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Mukutmoni Mandira , Musa Sharmin , Hosna Asmaul 
Published: August 2020

Aims: The objective of this trial was to establish the prevalence and risk factors relating to soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections among slum dwelling women in Dhaka city, Bangladesh.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of the Study: A total of 100 stool samples were collected from Ganaktuli (Hazaribagh) slum of Dhaka city from March to September 2019. Women aged between 21 to 40 years old were part of this study, and only those who had at least one primary school going child were included.
Methodology: The interviewed women were asked to provide their stool samples in the containers supplied by the volunteers, and to fill up a questionnaire regarding their socio-demographic and behavioral practices. Formal Ether Concentration technique was applied to process the stool samples, and detection of helminth eggs was done by microscopy.
Results: Of the hundred women, 87 (87%) were infected with at least one STH. Ascaris lumbricoides (41.38%) showed the highest prevalence followed by Trichuris trichiura (36.78%). Working as day laborers, irregular nail clipping, irregular use of soap after defecation, walking barefoot, using open and common toilet, irregular consumption of antihelminthic drugs were noticed as significant risk factors.
Conclusion: Soil transmitted helminth infection is still a problem in Bangladesh. Proper drug administration and increase of hygiene practices among the slum dwellers are essential to lessen the high prevalence of soil transmitted helminth infections.
Effect of Water Soluble Fertilizers on Yield, Oil Content and Economics of Groundnut
Authors: Manasa V. , Hebsur N. S. , Malligawad L. H. , Gobinath R. , Ramakrishna B. 
Published: August 2020

A field experiment was conducted at Main Agricultural Research Station (MARS), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, to know the effect of water soluble fertilizers on growth, yield and oil content of groundnut (Cv TAG 24). The experiment was conducted in a Vertisol with ten treatment combinations consisting of FYM and different doses of recommended NPK as basal soil application and foliar spray of water soluble fertilizers at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing in a Randomized complete block design with three replications. Application of FYM + 100% RDF + foliar spray of fertilizers at 30, 45 and 60 DAS showed higher pod yield (5615 kg/ha) which was 22% higher over application of 100% RDF alone (4601 kg/ha). But the crop was equally responsive in increasing the pod yield, when RDF was reduced by 15% along with foliar application of water soluble grade fertilizer. The yield components, kernel yield (3892 kg/ha), haulm yield (8916 kg/ha), total number of pods plant-1 (33.80), =sound mature kernels (88.67) and oil yield (1858 kg/ha) were highest in the treatment of FYM + 100% RDF + foliar spray of fertilizers over rest of the treatments. But the highest Benefit cost ratio (4.40) was found in the treatment of FYM + 85% RDF + foliar application of fertilizers followed by the treatment of FYM + 100% RDF + foliar application of fertilizers (4.36) whereas the lowest B: C ratio (3.91) was observed in control.
Soil Fertility Status, Nutrient Uptake and Productivity of Marigold (Tagetes erecta Linn.) as Influenced by Fertilizer Doses and Plant Growth Regulators
Authors: Borah Nilay , Deka J. , Deka N. C. , Barua I. C. , Saud B. K. , Das Kaushik , Deka Kankana , Goswami Kasturi 
Published: August 2020

Aims: A field experiment was conducted to evaluate soil fertility status, nutrient uptake, growth and yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta Linn.) as influenced by fertilizer management with or without foliar spray of plant growth promoting chemicals.
Study Design: The field experiment was conducted with eight treatments, each being replicated thrice in a randomized block design (RBD).
Place and Duration of Study: Instructional cum research (ICR) farm, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam (India), between September 2013 and January 2015.
Methodology: The treatments comprised of an unfertilized plot, application of 2500 kg ha-1 vermicompost at planting followed by 10 kg ha-1 each of N, P2O5 and K2O in two equal splits at the time of planting and at 30 days after planting (DAP), 2500 kg ha-1 vermicompost as mixture with fertilizer (comlizer) 10:10:10 kg ha-1 (Comlizer-1) or 30:10:30 kg ha-1 (Comlizer-2) of N, P2O5 and K2O, respectively applied in two splits (planting and at 30 DAP). Each comlizer treatment had two supplementary treatments of spraying either vermiwash solution (10% on second and third weeks and 20% solution on fourth and fifth weeks after planting) or indole butyric acid (IBA) and kinetin mixture (IBA-kinetin) solution (0.01% each on second and third weeks and 0.02% each on fourth and fifth weeks after planting), respectively.
Results: The soil pH, organic carbon and available phosphorous contents after harvest of the crop were not affected by the treatments. The available nitrogen content in soil significantly increased in comlizer-2, but the available potassium content was not affected by the fertilizer doses. The NH4-N and NO3-N in soil at 15 and 45 DAP increased significantly with application of comlizer-2. Phosphorous and potassium uptake by aerial biomass of marigold at 21 and 42 days after planting significantly increased in Comlizer-2, but the effect of foliar spray was not significant. The highest fresh flower yield was produced by application of Comlizer-2 with foliar spray of vermiwash, and differed significantly to the rest of the treatments.
Conclusion: Application of mineral fertilizers as mixture with vermicompost and integrated with foliar spray of growth regulators showed promising results. Further works with higher doses of nutrient and compost, frequency and intensity of foliar application of growth regulators are required to develop cost effective nutrient management practice.
The Effects of Triazine Herbicides on Critical Peroxide Metabolism Gene Expression in MCF-7 and MCF-10A Cells
Authors: DeMartini Stephen J. , DeHart Nicole B. , Schroeder Jennifer R. 
Published: August 2020

Aim: To identify the oxidative stress impacts of chloro-s-triazine herbicides on human mammary epithelial cell lines.
Study Design: MCF-7 mammary epithelial carcinoma and MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells were treated with levels of three triazine herbicides in concentrations flanking the US FDA safe levels.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Millikin University, in January 2015 through December 2015 and January 2019 through May 2020.
Methodology: We examined the oxidative effects of two triazine herbicides, atrazine and simazine, on estrogen-dependent MCF-7 mammary epithelial carcinoma cells using three different bioluminescent assay techniques. We then utilized real time PCR to analyze gene expression through RT-PCR analysis, in both MCF-7 cells and a non-cancerous cell line, MCF-10A, for both of these triazine herbicides plus the related cyanazine.
Results: At all concentrations of atrazine and simazine, no statistical differences were found in the levels of oxidized glutathione or total oxidized and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides phosphates. In stark contrast, levels of hydrogen peroxide were found to be statistically different from the control at all concentrations of atrazine and simazine tested. Using an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) we determined that within the enzymatic portion of the hydrogen peroxide pathway there were statistically significant differences in the expression of Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1), Sulfiredoxin (SRXN1), and Thioredoxin (TXN).
Conclusion: Exposure to triazines alters the hydrogen peroxide pathway, which in turn can greatly affect the stability of the cell milieu.
Different Polarity Extracts of Polygonum minus towards Cytotoxic Activities against Colon Cancer Cell Lines (HT-29, HCT-116, CT-26)
Authors: Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili , Hadi Norhayati Abd , Ridzwan Norhaslinda 
Published: August 2020

Aims: To investigate the cytotoxic properties of different polarity solvents of Polygonum minus extracts towards colon cancer cell lines, HT-29, HCT-116 and CT-26.
Study Design: Experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Central Laboratory, Tissue Culture Laboratory, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu between September 2019 until December 2019.
Methodology: The different polarity solvents of P. minus extracts had been led to tetrazolium salt reduction (MTT) assay and an inhibition concentration of 50 (IC50) value for their cytotoxic potential against colon cancer cells. Then, cell morphology observation and fluorescence double staining of treatment cells were determined using a light inverted microscope and acridine orange/propidium iodide staining.
Results: The results indicated that an extraction yields aligned from 0.01% for acetone and ethyl acetate to 0.45% for aqueous solution with decreasing order of aqueous solution > 70% aqueous ethanol > 50% aqueous ethanol > methanol > ethanol > acetone and ethyl acetate. Meanwhile, the ethyl acetate extract showed a higher cytotoxic effect at IC50 values of 7.00 ± 0.06 µg/mL and 7.00 ± 0.30 µg/mL towards the HCT-116 and CT-26 cells; and 50% aqueous ethanol towards HT-29 cells (24.00 ± 0.01 µg/mL). The different solvent extracts of P. minus induced cytotoxic effects on the treated cell lines by altering their normal cell morphology and cell membrane integrity (except for acetone extract).
Conclusion: Therefore, the use of different polarity solvent extracts of P. minus as an anti-cancer agent is promising more on ethyl acetate and warrants further investigation.
Severe neurological crisis in adult patients with Tyrosinemia type 1
Authors: Dawson Charlotte , Ramachandran Radha , Safdar Samreen , Murphy Elaine , Swayne Orlando , Katz Jonathan , Newsome Philip N. , Geberhiwot Tarekegn 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe report six adult patients with Tyrosinaemia type 1 (HT‐1) who presented with recurrent porphyria‐like neurological crises after discontinuation/interruption of 2‐(2‐nitro‐4‐trifluoro‐methylbenzyol)‐1,3 cyclohexanedione (NTBC) treatment. The crises were life‐threatening for some of the patients, with respiratory muscle paralysis requiring ventilatory support, hemodynamic disturbance due to autonomic changes requiring resuscitation, acute progressive ascending motor neuropathy causing profound impairment, recurrent seizures, and neuropathic pain. Our patients’ porphyria‐like presentations were variably misdiagnosed, with delay to diagnosis resulting in more severe recurrent attacks. We report the first series of neurological crises in adult patients with HT‐1. These crises, which may be fatal, can be prevented and treated effectively with neurologist/physician awareness and patient education.
A Co‐ and Ni‐Free P2/O3 Biphasic Lithium Stabilized Layered Oxide for Sodium‐Ion Batteries and its Cycling Behavior
Authors: Yang Liangtao , del Amo Juan Miguel López , Shadike Zulipiya , Bak Seong‐Min , Bonilla Francisco , Galceran Montserrat , Nayak Prasant Kumar , Buchheim Johannes Rolf , Yang Xiao‐Qing , Rojo Teófilo , Adelhelm Philipp 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCobalt‐ and nickel‐free cathode materials are desirable for developing low‐cost sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Compared to the single P‐type and O‐type structures, biphasic P/O structures become a topic of interest thanks to improved performance. However, the added complexity complicates the understanding of the storage mechanism and the phase behavior is still unclear, especially over consecutive cycling. Here, the properties of biphasic P2(34%)/O3(60%) Na0.8Li0.2Fe0.2Mn0.6O2and its behavior at different states of charge/discharge are reported on. The material is composed of single phase O3 and P2/O3 biphasic particles. Sodium occupies the alkali layers, whereas lithium predominantly (95%) is located in the transition metal layer. An initial reversible capacity of 174 mAh g‐1is delivered with a retention of 82% dominated by Fe3+/Fe4+along with contributions from oxygen and partial Mn3+/4+redox. Cycling leads to complex phase transitions and ion migration. The biphasic nature is nevertheless preserved, with lithium acting as the structure stabilizer.
Conjugated Acetylenic Polymers Grafted Cuprous Oxide as an Efficient Z‐Scheme Heterojunction for Photoelectrochemical Water Reduction
Authors: Sun Hanjun , Dong Changlin , Liu Qinglei , Yuan Yang , Zhang Tao , Zhang Jian , Hou Yang , Zhang Di , Feng Xinliang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs attractive materials for photoeletrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (PEC HER), conjugated polymers (e.g., conjugated acetylenic polymers [CAPs]) still show poor PEC HER performance due to the associated serious recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. Herein, taking advantage of the in situ conversion of nanocopper into Cu2O on copper cellulose paper during catalyzing of the Glaser coupling reaction, a general strategy for the construction of a CAPs/Cu2O Z‐scheme heterojunction for PEC water reduction is demonstrated. The as‐fabricated poly(2,5‐diethynylthieno[3,2‐b]thiophene) (pDET)/Cu2O Z‐scheme heterojunction exhibits a carrier separation efficiency of 16.1% at 0.3 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), which is 6.7 and 1.4‐times higher respectively than those for pDET and Cu2O under AM 1.5G irradiation (100 mW cm−2) in the 0.1 m Na2SO4 aqueous solution. Consequently, the photocurrent of the pDET/Cu2O Z‐scheme heterojunction reaches ≈520 µA cm−2 at 0.3 V versus RHE, which is much higher than pDET (≈80 µA cm−2), Cu2O (≈100 µA cm−2), and the state‐of‐the‐art cocatalyst‐free organic or organic‐semiconductor‐based heterojunctions/homojunctions photocathodes (1–370 µA cm−2). This work advances the design of polymer‐based Z‐scheme heterojunctions and high‐performance organic photoelectrodes.