bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperlactatemia during cardiopulmonary bypass: risk factors and impact on surgical results with a focus on the long-term outcome
Authors: Matteucci Matteo , Ferrarese Sandro , Cantore Cristiano , Cappabianca Giangiuseppe , Massimi Giulio , Mantovani Vittorio , Rossi Maria Beatrice , Beghi Cesare 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Lactate, a product of anaerobic metabolism, is a biomarker and indicator for tissue hypoperfusion and oxygen debt. An elevated blood lactate level has been associated with poor outcome in many clinical conditions, including cardiac surgery. Nevertheless, debate exists regarding which blood lactate concentration is most indicative of poor outcomes. We evaluate the impact of hyperlactatemia, defined as a peak arterial blood concentration ⩾2.0 mmol/L during cardiopulmonary bypass, on surgical results with a focus on long-term outcome. Methods: We reviewed 1,099 consecutive adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery on pump. The patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or not of hyperlactatemia. Pre- and intraoperative risk factors for hyperlactatemia were identified, and the postoperative outcome of patients with or without hyperlactatemia was compared. Results: Hyperlactatemia was present in 372 patients (33.8%). Factors independently associated with hyperlactatemia were urgent/emergency procedure, cardiopulmonary bypass duration and aortic cross-clamp time. Patients with hyperlactatemia had significantly higher rate of prolonged mechanical ventilation time, in-hospital stay and requirement of inotropes and intra-aortic balloon pump support (p < 0.001). Operative (30-day) mortality was higher in the group of patients with hyperlactatemia (7.8% vs. 1.1%; p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier curve showed worse long-term survival (mean follow-up: 4.02 ± 1.58 years) in patients with hyperlactatemia. Conclusion: Hyperlactatemia during cardiopulmonary bypass has a significant association with postoperative morbidity and mortality. Correction of risk factors for hyperlactatemia, together with prompt detection and correction of this condition, may control complications and improve outcome.
Brain metabolites in chronic migraine patients with medication overuse headache
Authors: Niddam David M , Lai Kuan-Lin , Tsai Shang-Yueh , Lin Yi-Ru , Chen Wei-Ta , Fuh Jong-Ling , Wang Shuu-Jiun 
Published: February 2020

Background Medication overuse headache may be associated with widespread alterations along the thalamocortical pathway, a pathway involved in pain perception and disease progression. This study addressed whether brain metabolites in key regions of the thalamocortical pathway differed between chronic migraine patients with medication overuse headache and without medication overuse headache. Methods Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging was used to map metabolites in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortices, mid cingulate cortices, posterior cingulate cortices, and the thalami. Sixteen patients with medication overuse headache were compared with 16 matched patients without medication overuse headache and 16 matched healthy controls. Results Glutamate and glutamine in the right mid cingulate cortex and myo-inositol in the left anterior cingulate cortex were significantly higher in patients with medication overuse headache than patients without medication overuse headache, but similar to healthy controls. Both patient groups exhibited reduced N-acetyl-aspartate and creatine in the thalamus, reduced myo-inositol in the right anterior cingulate cortex, and elevated choline in the right mid cingulate cortex. Finally, a negative association between myo-inositol laterality index in the anterior cingulate cortices and number of days per month with acute medication use was found across all patients. Conclusions Patients with medication overuse headache were characterized by a distinct concentration profile of myo-inositol, a glial marker, in the anterior cingulate cortices that may have arisen from medication overuse and could contribute to the development of medication overuse headache.
Model for end-stage liver disease scores in veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Nagy Ádám , Holndonner-Kirst Enikő , Eke Csaba , Kertai Miklós D , Fazekas Levente , Benke Kálmán , Pólos Miklós , Szabolcs Zoltán , Hartyánszky István , Gál János , Merkely Béla , Székely Andrea 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a valuable therapeutic approach in patients with severe heart failure due to different etiologies. Current prognosis with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is unsatisfactory, and the risk stratification is still challenging. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the predictive value of different baseline model for end-stage liver disease scores for survival in patients with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective study of consecutive veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-treated patients between January 2012 and August 2018. The four types of model for end-stage liver disease scores—model for end-stage liver disease, international normalized ratio-excluded model for end-stage liver disease, modified model for end-stage liver disease, and model for end-stage liver disease with sodium—were calculated preoperatively. Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was used based on the four clinical indications: primer graft failure after heart transplantation, weaning failure from cardiopulmonary bypass, acute myocardial infarction with refractory cardiogenic shock, and bridge to transplantation or bridge to candidacy. The primary endpoint of the study was overall mortality. The secondary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. We performed univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Results: Data from 135 patients were analyzed. The median follow-up was 952 days (interquartile range = 417–1555 days). In-hospital mortality was 62.2%, and overall mortality was 71.1%. The multivariable Cox regression analysis is adjusted for indication, and the survival after veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation score showed that the following scores were associated with overall mortality: model for end-stage liver disease (hazard ratio = 1.04; 95% confidence interval = 1.01–1.07; p = 0.016), modified model for end-stage liver disease (hazard ratio = 1.04; 95% confidence interval = 1.01–1.06; p = 0.006), and model for end-stage liver disease with sodium (hazard ratio = 1.05; 95% confidence interval = 1.02–1.08; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Model for end-stage liver disease, modified model for end-stage liver disease, and model for end-stage liver disease with sodium scores could be useful in the risk stratification of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment in varying clinical indications.
Fibrinogen and LDL Influence on Blood Viscosity and Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients in Indonesia
Authors: Rasyid Al , Harris Salim , Kurniawan Mohammad , Mesiano Taufik , Hidayat Rakhmad 
Published: February 2020

Background: To assess the role of risk factors of metabolic syndrome on blood viscosity and the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke in Indonesia based on the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Methods: This study included 135 patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients underwent measurements of viscosity and risk factor assessment. Analysis was performed to assess the role of these risk factors for blood viscosity and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke with NIHSS and mRS as indicators. NIHSS was assessed at <3 days after onset and 7 days after onset, while mRS was assessed 1 month post treatment. Bivariate analysis was performed using chi-square test, and variables with p < 0.25 were further analyzed in multivariate analysis using logistic regression. Results: Factors affecting blood viscosity are fibrinogen, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and hematocrit. Factors affecting NIHSS and mRS are fibrinogen and LDL. Conclusion: Fibrinogen and LDL affect the viscosity of blood and outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients, so it is necessary to treat in the primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.
Women Entrepreneurs in Asia: Eight Country Studies
Authors: Cho Yonjoo , Li Jessica , Chaudhuri Sanghamitra 
Published: February 2020

The Problem Asia as a research context is significantly different, in many ways, from Western contexts where a majority of studies on women in leadership have been conducted. First, traditional culture and religious beliefs in Asia dictate the inferior status of women in their daily lives. Second, women’s appointment to high-ranking leadership roles in Asia has been a continuing challenge. Third, many organizations in Asia remain as gendered workplaces where cultural, religious, and organizational constraints coexist. This special issue on women entrepreneurs in Asia, therefore, makes specific contributions to research on Asian women in leadership in the context of entrepreneurship. The Solution The purpose of this special issue is to investigate women entrepreneurs’ motivations, challenges, and opportunities in eight Asian countries (China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam). The special issue provides insights into developing the potential of aspiring women entrepreneurs who are set in rapidly developing Asian countries where traditional cultural and religious expectations and modernized values coexist. Despite challenges and difficulties that women entrepreneurs face, the opportunities that they create in business development can serve as a model for aspiring women entrepreneurs in Asia and other countries. The Stakeholders As women entrepreneurs’ challenges are of global interest, this special issue represents an effort to transcend national boundaries in understanding how to address the challenges they face. Scholars and practitioners who are interested in international Human Resource Development can better understand how Asia’s fast-growing economies and culture have influenced women entrepreneurs in positive and negative ways.
Conclusion: Learnings From Eight Country Studies on Women Entrepreneurs in Asia
Authors: Li Jessica , Cho Yonjoo , Chaudhuri Sanghamitra 
Published: February 2020

The Problem Women entrepreneurs have played an important role in advancing the economic development of Asian countries. It is in the best interest of Asian countries and international human resource development (HRD) professionals to develop an in-depth understanding of women entrepreneurs in Asia so that they can develop policies, strategies, and resources to support their development. Eight country studies on women entrepreneurs in Asia in this special issue revealed their motivations, challenges, and opportunities in their business start-ups and development. The findings would greatly contribute to an understanding of who women entrepreneurs in Asia are and how they are doing in entrepreneurship. The Solution The development of women entrepreneurs in Asia requires many scholars and practitioners to study, understand, and theorize before meaningful solutions can be enacted, which will have a lasting impact. This special issue of research on women entrepreneurs in eight Asian countries offers a glimpse of the emerging area of women entrepreneurship. HRD initiatives and expertise are needed to create unchartered possibilities for women entrepreneurs in Asia to succeed and sustain the development of their businesses. The Stakeholders This special issue is for entrepreneurs and HRD scholars and practitioners who are interested in entrepreneurship development, particularly in the development of women entrepreneurs in Asia.
Caring in the recruitment of older African American adults with chronic health disease: An integrative review
Authors: Gamboa Charlene J , Julion Wrenetha A 
Published: February 2020

Objectives The aim of this integrative review is to accrue a comprehensive understanding of caring behavioral characteristics in the recruitment of older African-American adults into health-related research studies centered on chronic diseases. Methods Combined methodologies, Whittemore & Knafl and Kable, Pich & Maslin-Prothero in accordance with preferred items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, were used to guide the data collection and to report the findings. The data were analyzed based upon recruitment categorization and Kristen Swanson’s middle-range theory of caring. Results Ten out of 260 publications comprised the final sample. They were analyzed and then aggregated by chronic illnesses, recruitment activities, contact level, and Swanson’s five caring behavioral concepts. Select cancers, diabetes, hypertension, and Alzheimer’s disease were the chronic illness foci of eight publications. Cardiovascular disease and stroke were the focus of two publications. Only three studies utilized all five Swanson’s caring concepts, and the frequently used concept throughout all 10 studies was enabling. Discussion Recruitment approaches employed to accrue older African-American adults into chronic illness-related research studies necessitate proactive recruitment strategies that incorporate caring behaviors. Future researchers ought to develop multi-modality recruitment strategies to improve older African-American adults’ representation.
Influence of Glucose Concentration on Colony-Forming Efficiency and Biological Performance of Primary Human Tissue–Derived Progenitor Cells
Authors: Mantripragada Venkata P. , Kaplevatsky Ryan , Bova Wes A. , Boehm Cynthia , Obuchowski Nancy A. , Midura Ronald J. , Muschler George F. 
Published: February 2020

Objective Glucose concentrations used in current cell culture methods are a significant departure from physiological glucose levels. The study focuses on comparing the effects of glucose concentrations on primary human progenitors (connective tissue progenitors [CTPs]) used for cartilage repair. Design Cartilage- (Outerbridge grade 1, 2, 3; superficial and deep zone cartilage), infrapatellar fatpad-, synovium-, and periosteum-derived cells were obtained from 63 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty and cultured simultaneously in fresh chondrogenic media containing 25 mM glucose (HGL) or 5 mM glucose (NGL) for pairwise comparison. Automated ASTM-based quantitative image analysis was used to determine colony-forming efficiency (CFE), effective proliferation rates (EPR), and sulfated-proteoglycan (GAG-ECM) staining of the CTPs across tissue sources. Results HGL resulted in increased cell cultures with CFE = 0 compared with NGL in all tissue sources ( P = 0.049). The CFE in NGL was higher than HGL for superficial cartilage ( P < 0.001), and contrary for synovium-derived CTPs ( P = 0.046) when CFE > 0. EPR of the CTPs did not differ between the media in the 6-day assay time period ( P = 0.082). The GAG-ECM area of the CTPs and their progeny was increased in presence of HGL ( P = 0.027). Conclusion Glucose concentration is critical to progenitor’s physiology and should be taken into account in the setting of protocols for clinical or in vitro cell expansion strategies.
Verrier Elwin and His Fieldwork Method
Authors: Subba Tanka B. 
Published: February 2020

I would first of all like to thank the Anthropological Survey of India for inviting me to deliver the Elwin Memorial Lecture at a national seminar on ‘Verrier Elwin and his Field Method’ held at North-Eastern Hill University (NEHU) in May 2018. I have chosen to speak on ‘Verrier Elwin and his Fieldwork Method’ in view of the paucity of information on the subject, as neither Elwin has written on how he conducted his fieldwork or what his methodology of fieldwork was, nor have others written much about his method of fieldwork. Indeed, many like Enthoven (1946) and Devereux (1946) have written on the richness, soundness and reliability of his data, but they are silent about how he collected his data or what his fieldwork method was like. Among the few who I know have written on Elwin’s fieldwork method are Bhabagrahi Misra ( 1970 , 1971 ), Ramachandra Guha ( 1998 , 1999 ) and Vinay Kumar Srivastava (n.d., ms). I am not aware of the writings of any other author on this subject.
Salvage carbon ion radiotherapy for recurrent solitary fibrous tumor: A case report and literature review
Authors: Murata Kazuma , Endo Kenji , Aihara Takato , Matsuoka Yuji , Nishimura Hirosuke , Suzuki Hidekazu , Sawaji Yasunobu , Yamamoto Kengo , Fukami Shinjiro , Tanigawa Maki , Matsubayashi Jun , Nagao Toshitaka , Imai Reiko 
Published: February 2020

Background: Malignant solitary fibrous tumor (MSFT) arising from the spinal cord is extremely rare and poorly understood mesenchymal neoplasms: only a few MSFT in the spinal canal has been described. We describe the clinical course of the patient with MSFT arising from the thoracic spinal cord. Case report: We describe the clinical course of the patient and the radiological and pathological findings of the tumor. The tumor had been resected by microscopic posterior approach and video-assisted thoracic surgery, but local recurrence was observed by MRI at 1-year follow-up period. No metastatic lesion was confirmed. Then, carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) was administered to the recurrent lesion. Local suppression has been observed for 40 months after irradiation. Conclusion: Dumbbell-shaped MSFT arising from thoracic spinal cord is a highly unusual presentation. CIRT might be effective for treatment of recurrent tumors.
Reverse Migration to Mexico Led to US Undocumented Population Decline: 2010 to 2018
Authors: Warren Robert 
Published: February 2020

Executive Summary This report presents estimates of the undocumented population residing in the United States in 2018, highlighting demographic changes since 2010. The Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) compiled these estimates based primarily on information collected in the US Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS). The annual CMS estimates of undocumented residents for 2010 to 2018 include all the detailed characteristics collected in the ACS. 1 A summary of the CMS estimation procedures, as well as a discussion of the plausibility of the estimates, is provided in the Appendix . The total undocumented population in the United States continued to decline in 2018, primarily because large numbers of undocumented residents returned to Mexico. From 2010 to 2018, a total of 2.6 million Mexican nationals left the US undocumented population; 2 about 1.1 million, or 45 percent of them, returned to Mexico voluntarily. The decline in the US undocumented population from Mexico since 2010 contributed to declines in the undocumented population in many states. Major findings include the following: The total US undocumented population was 10.6 million in 2018, a decline of about 80,000 from 2017, and a drop of 1.2 million, or 10 percent, since 2010. Since 2010, about two-thirds of new arrivals have overstayed temporary visas and one-third entered illegally across the border. The undocumented population from Mexico fell from 6.6 million in 2010 to 5.1 million in 2018, a decline of 1.5 million, or 23 percent. Total arrivals in the US undocumented population from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras — despite high numbers of Border Patrol apprehensions of these populations in recent years — remained at about the same level in 2018 as in the previous four years. 3 The total undocumented population in California was 2.3 million in 2018, a decline of about 600,000 compared to 2.9 million in 2010. The number from Mexico residing in the state dropped by 605,000 from 2010 to 2018. The undocumented population in New York State fell by 230,000, or 25 percent, from 2010 to 2018. Declines were largest for Jamaica (−51 percent), Trinidad and Tobago (−50 percent), Ecuador (−44 percent), and Mexico (−34 percent). The results shown here reinforce the view that improving social and economic conditions in sending countries would not only reduce pressure at the border but also likely cause a large decline in the undocumented population. Two countries had especially large population changes — in different directions — in the 2010 to 2018 period. The population from Poland dropped steadily, from 93,000 to 39,000, while the population from Venezuela increased from 65,000 to 172,000. Almost all the increase from Venezuela occurred after 2014.
Hippocampal Volume in Psychiatric Diagnoses: Should Psychiatry Biomarker Research Account for Comorbidities?
Authors: Gosnell Savannah N. , Meyer Matthew J. , Jennings Cassandra , Ramirez Danna , Schmidt Jake , Oldham John , Salas Ramiro 
Published: February 2020

Background Many research papers claim that patients with specific psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, alcohol use disorder, and others) have smaller hippocampi, but most of those reports compared patients to healthy controls. We hypothesized that if psychiatrically matched controls (psychiatric control, matched for demographics and psychiatric comorbidities) were used, much of the biomarker literature in psychiatric research would not replicate. We used hippocampus and amygdala volume only as examples, as these are very commonly replicated results in psychiatry biomarker research. We propose that psychiatry biomarker research could benefit from using psychiatric controls, as the use of healthy controls results in data that are not disorder-specific. Method Hippocampus/amygdala volumes were compared between major depressive disorder, sex-/age-/race-matched healthy control, and psychiatric control (N = 126/group). Similar comparisons were performed for posttraumatic stress disorder (N = 67), borderline personality disorder (N = 111), and alcohol use disorder (N = 136). Results Major depressive disorder patients had smaller left (p = 8.79 × 10−3) and right (p = 3.13 × 10−3) hippocampal volumes than healthy control. Posttraumatic stress disorder had smaller left (p = 0.018) and right (p = 8.64 × 10−4) hippocampi than healthy control. Borderline personality disorder had smaller right hippocampus (p = 7.90 × 10−3) and amygdala (p = 1.49 × 10−3) than healthy control. Alcohol use disorder had smaller right hippocampus (p = 0.034) and amygdala (p = .024) than healthy control. No differences were found between any of the four diagnostic groups and psychiatric control. Conclusion When psychiatric controls were used, there was no difference in hippocampal or amygdalar volume between any of the diagnoses studied and controls. This strategy (keeping all possible relevant variables matched between experimental groups) has been used to advance science for hundreds of years, and we propose should also be used in biomarker psychiatry research.