bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing the key components of rehabilitation following major musculoskeletal trauma: A mixed methods service evaluation
Authors: Robinson Lisa J. , Stephens Nicola M. , Wilson Stella , Graham Laura , Hackett Katie L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRationale, Aims, and ObjectivesThe reorganization of acute major trauma pathways in England has increased survival following traumatic injury, resulting in an increased patient population with diverse and complex needs requiring specialist rehabilitation. However, national audit data indicate that only 5% of patients with traumatic injuries have access to specialist rehabilitation, and there are limited guidelines or standards to inform the delivery of rehabilitation interventions for individuals following major trauma. This group concept mapping project aimed to identify the clinical service needs of individuals accessing our major trauma rehabilitation service, prioritize these needs, determine whether each of these needs is currently being met, and plan targeted service enhancements.MethodsParticipants contributed towards a statement generation exercise to identify the key components of rehabilitation following major trauma, and individually sorted these statements into themes. Each statement was rated based on importance and current success. Multi‐dimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis were applied to the sorted data to produce themed clusters of ideas within concept maps. Priority values were applied to these maps to identify key areas for targeted service enhancement.ResultsFifty‐eight patients and health care professionals participated in the ideas generation activity, 34 in the sorting, and 49 in the rating activity. A 7‐item cluster map was agreed upon, containing the following named clusters: Communication and Coordination; Emotional and psychological wellbeing; Rehabilitation environment; Early rehabilitation; Structured therapy input; Planning for home; and Long‐term support. Areas for targeted service enhancement included access to timely and adequate information provision, collaborative goal setting, and specialist pain management across the rehabilitation pathway.ConclusionThe conceptual framework presented in this article illustrates the importance of a continuum of rehabilitation provision across the injury trajectory, and provides a platform to track future service changes and facilitate the codesign of new rehabilitation interventions for individuals following major trauma.
Migratory flexibility in native Hawai'ian amphidromous fishes
Authors: Heim‐Ballew Heidi , Moody Kristine N. , Blum Michael J. , McIntyre Peter B. , Hogan James D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe assessed the prevalence of life history variation across four of the five native amphidromous Hawai'ian gobioids to determine whether some or all exhibit evidence of partial migration. Analysis of otolith Sr.: Ca concentrations affirmed that all are amphidromous and revealed evidence of partial migration in three of the four species. We found that 25% of Lentipes concolor (n = 8), 40% of Eleotris sandwicensis (n = 20) and 29% of Stenogobius hawaiiensis (n = 24) did not exhibit a migratory life‐history. In contrast, all individuals of Sicyopterus stimpsoni (n = 55) included in the study went to sea as larvae. Lentipes concolor exhibited the shortest mean larval duration (LD) at 87 days, successively followed by E. sandwicensis (mean LD = 102 days), S. hawaiiensis (mean LD = 114 days) and S. stimpsoni (mean LD = 120 days). These findings offer a fresh perspective on migratory life histories that can help improve efforts to conserve and protect all of these and other at‐risk amphidromous species that are subject to escalating anthropogenic pressures in both freshwater and marine environments.
Screening and management of preinvasive lesions of the cervix: Good clinical practice recommendations from the Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecologic Societies of India (FOGSI)
Authors: Bhatla Neerja , Singhal Seema , Saraiya Usha , Srivastava Shikha , Bhalerao Sarita , Shamsunder Saritha , Chavan Niranjan , Basu Partha , Purandare CN ,   (on behalf of FOGSI Expert group)
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn India, there are marked variations in resources for cervical cancer screening. For the first time, resource‐stratified screening guidelines have been developed that will be suitable for low middle‐income countries with similar diversities. The current article describes the process and outcomes of these resource stratified guidelines for screening and treatment of preinvasive lesions of cervix. Evidence from literature was collated and various guidelines were reviewed by an expert panel. Based on the level of evidence, guidelines were developed for screening by human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, cytology and visual inspection after application of acetic acid (VIA), and management of screen positive lesions in different resource settings. Expert opinion was used for certain country‐specific situations. The healthcare system was stratified into two resource settings – good or limited. The mode of screening and treatment for each was described. HPV testing is the preferred method for cervical cancer screening. VIA by trained providers is especially suitable for low resource settings until an affordable HPV test becomes available. Healthcare providers can choose the most appropriate screening and treatment modality. A single visit approach is encouraged and treatment may be offered based on colposcopy diagnosis (‘see and treat’) or even on the basis of HPV test or VIA results (‘screen and treat’), if compliance cannot be ensured. The Federation of Obsterician and Gynaecologists of India Good Clinical Practice Recommendations (FOGSI) GCPR are appropriately designed for countries with varied resource situations to ensure an acceptable cervical cancer prevention strategy.
When is Effort Contagious in New Venture Management Teams? Understanding the Contingencies of Social Motivation Theory
Authors: Breugst Nicola , Patzelt Holger , Shepherd Dean A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConsistent with social motivation theory, prior research on managerial motivation suggests that effort is contagious across management team members. In this study, we draw on belongingness theory to develop a model on important boundary conditions to social motivation theory in the management team context. The model predicts that new venture managers react to their teammates’ higher effort levels by investing higher effort levels themselves primarily when they are confronted with a threat – namely, low venture performance and high environmental hostility – but that effort is less contagious when managers face little threat. We test our model with a sample of 103 new venture managers nested in 51 management teams in a longitudinal setting capturing managerial effort over 26 weeks. While we do not find a direct relationship between teammates’ effort and a new venture manager’s subsequent effort, we find support for the crucial role of threat in triggering the contagion of managerial effort. We discuss the contributions of our study for research on management teams, performance feedback, and entrepreneurial effort in new ventures.
Isolated Voices: Perspectives of Teachers, School Nurses, and Administrators Regarding Implementation of Sexual Health Education Policy
Authors: Dickson Elizabeth , Parshall Mark , Brindis Claire D. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDComprehensive sexual health education (SHE) reduces risky sexual behavior and increases protective behavior in adolescents. It is important to understand how professionals responsible for implementing SHE policy interpret state and local policy and what influences their commitment to formal SHE policy implementation.METHODSThis descriptive study explored content and delivery of SHE policy in a rural, southwestern state with high levels of poverty, unintended adolescent pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections. The social ecological model (SEM) was used to better understand levels of influence on the implementation of SHE policy.RESULTSWe conducted telephone surveys with 38 teachers, 63 nurses, and 21 administrators in public secondary schools. There was substantial local variability in the scope and content of SHE curricula. Respondents identified significant barriers to the delivery of SHE content and minimal evaluation of whether educational objectives were met. Based on participant responses, community and organizational SEM levels had the greatest influence on SHE policy implementation, although examples of all SEM levels were identified.CONCLUSIONSGiven perceived challenges regarding subject matter, successful SHE implementation at the local level requires committed stakeholders working in concert at the school and community levels, backed by strong policy commitment at the state level.
Real‐time crack assessment using deep neural networks with wall‐climbing unmanned aerial system
Authors: Jiang Shang , Zhang Jian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCrack information provides important evidence of structural degradation and safety in civil structures. Existing inspection methods are inefficient and difficult to rapidly deploy. A real‐time crack inspection method is proposed in this study to address this difficulty. Within this method, a wall‐climbing unmanned aerial system (UAS) is developed to acquire detailed crack images without distortion, then a wireless data transmission method is applied to fulfill real‐time detection requirements, allowing smartphones to receive real‐time video taken from the UAS. Next, an image data set including 1,330 crack images taken by the wall‐climbing UAS is established and used for training a deep‐learning model. For increasing detection speed, state‐of‐the‐art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are compared and employed to train the crack detector; the selected model is transplanted into an android application so that the detection of cracks can be undertaken on a smartphone in real time. Following this, images with cracks are separated and crack width is calculated using an image processing method. The proposed method is then applied to a building where crack information is acquired and calculated accurately with high efficiency, thus verifying the practicability of the proposed method and system.
The ORF2 protein of Fusarium graminearum virus 1 suppresses the transcription ofFgDICER2andFgAGO1to limit host antiviral defences
Authors: Yu Jisuk , Park Ju Yeon , Heo Jeong‐In , Kim Kook‐Hyung 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThe filamentous fungusFusarium graminearumpossesses an RNA‐interference (RNAi) pathway that acts as a defence response against virus infections and exogenous double‐stranded (ds) RNA. Fusarium graminearum virus 1 (FgV1), which infectsF. graminearum, confers hypovirulence‐associated traits such as reduced mycelial growth, increased pigmentation and reduced pathogenicity. In this study, we found that FgV1 can suppress RNA silencing by interfering with the induction ofFgDICER2andFgAGO1, which are involved in RNAi antiviral defence and the hairpin RNA/RNAi pathway inF. graminearum. In anFgAGO1‐ orFgDICER2‐promoter/GFP‐reporter expression assay the green fluorescent protein (GFP) transcript levels were reduced in FgV1‐infected transformed mutant strains. By comparing transcription levels ofFgDICER2andFgAGO1in fungal transformed mutants expressing each open reading frame (ORF) of FgV1 with or without a hairpin RNA construct, we determined that reduction ofFgDICER2andFgAGO1transcript levels requires only the FgV1 ORF2‐encoded protein (pORF2). Moreover, we confirmed that the pORF2 binds to the upstream region ofFgDICERs andFgAGOsin vitro. These combined results indicate that the pORF2 of FgV1 counteracts the RNAi defence response ofF. graminearumby interfering with the induction ofFgDICER2andFgAGO1in a promoter‐dependent manner.
Genome‐wide association studies in a barley (Hordeum vulgare) diversity set reveal a limited number of loci for resistance to spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana)
Authors: Novakazi Fluturë , Afanasenko Olga , Lashina Nina , Platz Gregory J. , Snowdon Rod , Loskutov Igor , Ordon Frank 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSpot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is an important disease in barley worldwide, causing considerable yield losses and reduced grain quality. In order to identify QTL conferring resistance to spot blotch, a highly diverse worldwide barley set comprising 449 accessions was phenotyped for seedling resistance with three isolates (No 31, SH 15 and SB 61) and for adult plant resistance at two locations (Russia and Australia) in two years. Genotyping with the 50 k iSelect barley SNP genotyping chip yielded 33,818 informative markers. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) using a compressed mixed linear model, including population structure and kinship, revealed 38 significant marker‐trait associations (MTA) for spot blotch resistance. The MTA corresponded to two major QTL on chromosomes 1H and 7H and a putative new minor QTL on chromosome 7H explaining between 2.79% and 13.67% of the phenotypic variance. A total of 10 and 14 high‐confidence genes were identified in the respective major QTL regions, seven of which have a predicted involvement in pathogen recognition or defence.
A new three‐dimensional glass scaffold increases the in vitro maturation efficiency of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) oocyte via remodelling the extracellular matrix and cell connection of cumulus cells
Authors: Shen Penglei , Xu Jie , Wang Ping , Zhao Xin , Huang Ben , Wu Fei , Wang Lulu , Chen Weili , Feng Yun , Guo Zhenwei , Liu Xiaohua , Deng Yanfei , Jiang Jianrong , Shi Deshun , Lu Fenghua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAt present, many three‐dimensional (3D) culture systems have been reported, improving the oocyte quality of in vitro maturation (IVM), yet the mechanism still needs to be further explored. Here we examined the effects of a new self‐made 3D glass scaffold on buffalo oocyte maturation; meanwhile, the underlying mechanism on buffalo oocyte maturation was also detected. Compared to the two‐dimensional (2D) glass dish culture, results revealed that the 3D culture can improve the first polar body rate of oocytes, subsequent cleavage and blastocysts rate of parthenogenetic activation embryos (p < .05). The extracellular matrix‐related proteins COL1A1, COL2A1, COL3A1, FN and cell connection‐related proteins N‐cadherin, E‐cadherin, GJA1 were found higher in cumulus cells of 3D culture. Moreover, in cumulus cells, proteins of the PI3K/AKT pathway reported being regulated by FN and E‐cadherin including PI3K P85 and p‐AKT were also higher in 3D culture. Furthermore, proapoptosis proteins P53, BAX, caspase‐3 were lower in both cumulus cells and oocytes in 3D culture, while proteins PCNA and BCL2 showed the opposite result. Results also showed that the apoptosis was inhibited, and the proliferation was enhanced in cumulus cells of 3D culture. Finally, the cumulus expansion‐related genes HAS2, CD44, HMMR, PTX3, PTGS2 were found higher in cumulus cells of 3D culture. Taken together, the 3D culture could promote oocyte maturation by regulating proteins correlated with the ECM, cell connection and PI3K/AKT pathway, inhibiting the apoptosis of cumulus cells and oocytes, enhancing the proliferation of cumulus cells and the cumulus expansion.
Variability of fluvial architecture in a poorly vegetated Earth: Silurian sheet‐braided and meandering ancestor river deposits recorded in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Janikian Liliane , de Almeida Renato Paes , Galeazzi Cristiano Padalino , Tamura Larissa Natsumi , Ardito Julio Cesar , Chamani Marley Antonio Carrari 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRivers with little to no influence of vegetation and their implications for the architecture of Early Paleozoic and Precambrian fluvial deposits are an important topic of investigation for both clastic sedimentology and Earth System evolution perspectives. Despite the long‐held concept of a dominant style of wide, shallow sheet‐braided sandy channels, growing evidence for a great variability of architectural elements in pre‐vegetation settings point to the predictable occurrence of other fluvial styles, which are possibly related to areas of low‐slope alluvial plains. The present work brings sedimentological descriptions and fluvial style interpretations of Silurian fluvial successions of the Serra Grande Group in northeastern Brazil, developed in a glaciated basin margin (therefore with little to no effect of vegetation). The comparison of the resulting channel body architectures integrated to paleocurrent data and a diffusion‐based numerical model enabled the evaluation of the controls on fluvial architecture variability in unvegetated alluvial plains.
Human skin fibrosis: up‐regulation of collagen type III gene transcription in the fibrotic skin nodules of lower limb lymphoedema
Authors: Karayi Arun Kumar , Basavaraj Vijaya , Narahari Saravu R. , Aggithaya Madhur Guruprasad , Ryan Terence J. , Pilankatta Rajendra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the cellular and molecular pathophysiology involved in the development of fibrotic skin of grade‐3 lymphoedema patients with a focus on collagen types.MethodsFibrotic and normal skin biopsy samples obtained from grade‐3 lymphoedema patients and normal individuals, respectively, were analysed by histopathology, quantitative real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry to examine collagen gene expression.ResultsHistopathologic analysis revealed epidermal changes such as orthokeratosis, hypergranulosis and irregular acanthosis in the skin biopsies. The thickened dermis contained nodules of haphazardly arranged thick collagen bundles. Real‐time PCR data showed significant (P‐value 0.0003) up‐regulation of Collagen type I and type III gene transcripts in the fibrotic skin of patients resulting in 38.94‐fold higher transcription of Collagen type III alpha‐1 gene than of Collagen type I alpha‐1 gene. Semi‐quantification of the per cent of haematoxylin‐DAB‐stained area of immunohistochemistry images also showed significant (P < 0.0001) enhancement of both collagen proteins in the fibrotic skin of patients vs. normal human skin.ConclusionsGene transcript analysis revealed significant up‐regulation of Collagen type III vs. Collagen type I in fibrotic skin of limb nodules from patient biopsies. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis also revealed enhancement of Collagen types I and III in fibrotic vs. normal skin. The findings of this preliminary study indicate the potentially significant involvement of Collagen type III in the development of the fibrotic skin of grade‐3 lymphoedema patients.
Emerging roles for carbonic anhydrase in mesophyll conductance and photosynthesis
Authors: Momayyezi Mina , McKown Athena D. , Bell Shannon C. S. , Guy Robert D. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryCarbonic anhydrase (CA) is an abundant protein in most photosynthesizing organisms and higher plants. This review paper considers the physiological importance of the more abundant CA isoforms in photosynthesis, through their effects on CO2 diffusion and other processes in photosynthetic organisms. In plants, CA has multiple isoforms in three different families (α, β and γ) and is mainly known to catalyze the CO2 equilibrium. This reversible conversion has a clear role in photosynthesis, primarily through sustaining the CO2 concentration at the site of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Despite showing the same major reaction mechanism, the three main CA families are evolutionarily distinct. For different CA isoforms, cellular localization and total gene expression as a function of developmental stage are predicted to determine the role of each family in relation to the net assimilation rate. Reaction–diffusion modeling and observational evidence support a role for CA activity in reducing resistance to CO2 diffusion inside mesophyll cells by facilitating CO2 transfer in both gas and liquid phases. In addition, physical and/or biochemical interactions between CAs and other membrane‐bound compartments, for example aquaporins, are suggested to trigger a CO2‐sensing response by stomatal movement. In response to environmental stresses, changes in the expression level of CAs and/or stimulated deactivation of CAs may correspond with lower photosynthetic capacity. We suggest that further studies should focus on the dynamics of the relationship between the activity of CAs (with different subcellular localization, abundance and gene expression) and limitations due to CO2 diffusivity through the mesophyll and supply of CO2 to photosynthetic reactions.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: December 2019

Journal of Education and Training Studies (JETS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JETS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 10Dare Azeez, Obafemi Awolowo University, NigeriaFathia Lahwal, Elmergib University, LibyaGianpiero Greco, University of Study of Bari, ItalyGuilherme Tucher, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), BrazilHenry D. Mason, Tshwane University of Technology, South AfricaJane Liang, California Department of Education, USAJohn Bosco Azigwe, Bolgatanga Polytechnic, GhanaJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, UKJongho Park, University of Michigan, USALaura Bruno, The College of New Jersey, USALisa Marie Portugal, American College of Education, USALorna T. Enerva, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, PhilippinesMaría Jesús Fernández, University of Extremadura, SpainMassimiliano Barattucci, Ecampus University, ItalyMatt Varacallo, University of Kentucky, USAMehmet Galip Zorba, Akdeniz University, TurkeyMeral Seker, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, TurkeyMichael Wall, Independent Researcher in Music and Music Education, USANiveen M. Zayed, MENA College of Management, JordanOzgur Demirtas, Inonu University, TurkeyRichard Penny, University of Washington Bothell, USASamah El-Sakka, Suez University, EgyptSandro Sehic, Oneida BOCES, USASayim Aktay, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, TurkeyThada Jantakoon, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, ThailandVjacheslav Ivanovich Babich, Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, UkraineWenjuan Sang, Indiana University, USAYalçın Dilekli, Aksaray University, TurkeyYuxi Qiu, University of Florida, USA Robert SmithEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Education and Training StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://jets.redfame.com