bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deficiency in DNA mismatch repair of methylation damage is a major mutational process in cancer
Authors: Fang Hu , Zhu Xiaoqiang , Oh Jieun , Barbour Jayne A. , Wong Jason W. H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDNA mismatch repair (MMR) is essential for maintaining genome integrity with its deficiency predisposing to cancer1. MMR is well known for its role in the post-replicative repair of mismatched base pairs that escape proofreading by DNA polymerases following cell division2. Yet, cancer genome sequencing has revealed that MMR deficient cancers not only have high mutation burden but also harbour multiple mutational signatures3, suggesting that MMR has pleotropic effects on DNA repair. The mechanisms underlying these mutational signatures have remained unclear despite studies using a range ofin vitro4,5andin vivo6models of MMR deficiency. Here, using mutation data from cancer genomes, we identify a previously unknown function of MMR, showing that the loss of non-canonical replication-independent MMR activity is a major mutational process in human cancers. MMR is comprised of the MutSα (MSH2/MSH6) and MutLα (MLH1/PMS2) complexes7. Cancers with deficiency of MutSα exhibit mutational signature contributions distinct from those deficient of MutLα. This disparity is attributed to mutations arising from the unrepaired deamination of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), i.e. methylation damage, as opposed to replicative errors by DNA polymerases induced mismatches. Repair of methylation damage is strongly associated with H3K36me3 chromatin but independent of binding of MBD4, a DNA glycosylase that recognise 5mC and can repair methylation damage. As H3K36me3 recruits MutSα, our results suggest that MutSα is the essential factor in mediating the repair of methylation damage. Cell line models of MMR deficiency display little evidence of 5mC deamination-induced mutations as their rapid rate of proliferation limits for the opportunity for methylation damage. We thus uncover a non-canonical role of MMR in the protection against methylation damage in non-dividing cells.
Disruption of augmin-mediated microtubule nucleation in neural stem cells causes p53-dependent apoptosis and aborts brain development
Authors: Viais Ricardo , Watanabe Sadanori , Villamor Marina , Palenzuela Lluís , Lacasa Cristina , Fariña Marcos , Lüders Jens 
Published: November 2020

SummaryMicrotubules that assemble the mitotic spindle are generated by three different mechanisms: centrosomal nucleation, chromatin-mediated nucleation, and nucleation from the surface of other microtubules mediated by the augmin complex. Impairment of centrosomal nucleation in apical progenitors of the developing mouse brain induces p53-dependent apoptosis and causes non-lethal microcephaly. Whether disruption of non-centrosomal nucleation has similar effects is unclear. Here we show, using mouse embryos, that conditional knockout of the augmin subunitHaus6in apical progenitors led to spindle defects and mitotic delay. This triggered massive apoptosis and complete abortion of brain development. Co-deletion of p53 rescued cell death, but brain development was still aborted. This could be explained by exacerbated mitotic errors and resulting chromosomal defects including increased DNA damage. Surviving progenitors had lost apico-basal polarity and failed to organize a pseudostratified epithelium. Thus, in contrast to the centrosomal nucleation pathway, augmin is crucial for apical progenitor mitosis, and, even in the absence of p53, for progression of brain development.
COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction reveals SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion and persistence in the olfactory system
Authors: De Melo Guilherme Dias , Lazarini Françoise , Levallois Sylvain , Hautefort Charlotte , Michel Vincent , Larrous Florence , Verillaud Benjamin , Aparicio Caroline , Wagner Sebastien , Gheusi Gilles , Kergoat Lauriane , Kornobis Etienne , Cokelaer Thomas , Hervochon Rémi , Madec Yoann , Roze Emmanuel , Salmon Dominique , Bourhy Hervé , Lecuit Marc , Lledo Pierre-Marie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhile recent investigations have revealed viral, inflammatory and vascular factors involved in SARS-CoV-2 lung pathogenesis, the pathophysiology of neurological disorders in COVID-19 remains poorly understood. Yet, olfactory and taste dysfunction are rather common in COVID-19, especially in pauci-symptomatic patients which constitutes the most frequent clinical manifestation of the infection. We conducted a virologic, molecular, and cellular study of the olfactory system from COVID-19 patients presenting acute loss of smell, and report evidence that the olfactory epithelium represents a highly significant infection site where multiple cell types, including olfactory sensory neurons, support cells and immune cells, are infected. Viral replication in the olfactory epithelium is associated with local inflammation. Furthermore, we show that SARS-CoV-2 induces acute anosmia and ageusia in golden Syrian hamsters, both lasting as long as the virus remains in the olfactory epithelium and the olfactory bulb. Finally, olfactory mucosa sampling in COVID-19 patients presenting with persistent loss of smell reveals the presence of virus transcripts and of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, together with protracted inflammation. Viral persistence in the olfactory epithelium therefore provides a potential mechanism for prolonged or relapsing symptoms of COVID-19, such as loss of smell, which should be considered for optimal medical management and future therapeutic strategies.
Molecular basis for inhibition of adhesin-mediated bacterial-host interactions through a novel peptide-binding domain
Authors: Guo Shuaiqi , Zahiri Hossein , Stevens Corey , Spaanderman Daniel C. , Milroy Lech-Gustav , Ottmann Christian , Brunsveld Luc , Voets Ilja K. , Davies Peter L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractModulation of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) with small-molecules is a promising conceptual approach in drug discovery. In the area of bacterial colonization, PPIs contribute to adhesin-mediated biofilm formation that cause most infections. However, the molecular basis underlying these adhesin-ligand interactions is largely unknown. The 1.5-MDa adhesion protein,MpIBP,uses a peptide-binding domain (MpPBD) to help its Antarctic bacterium form symbiotic biofilms on sea ice with microalgae such as diatoms. X-ray crystallography revealedMpPBD uses Camdependent interactions to self-associate with a crystal symmetry mate via the C-terminal threonine-proline-aspartate sequence. Structure-guided optimization derived penta-peptide ligands that boundMpPBD 1,000-fold more tightly, with affinities in the nano-molar range. These ligands act as potent antagonists to blockMpPBD from binding to the diatom cells. Since adhesins of some human pathogens contain peptide-binding module homologs ofMpPBD, this same conceptual approach could help develop ligand-based PPI modulators to disrupt harmful bacteria-host interactions.
Exploration of patriotic brand image: its antecedents and impacts on purchase intentions
Authors: Li Yufan , Teng Weichen , Liao Tien-Tien , Lin Tom M.Y. 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe recent rise of economic nationalism intensifies consumers' patriotic attitudes toward goods or services and thus encourages enterprises to build patriotic brand images. Nevertheless, few studies have discussed how a patriotic brand image is developed. The purpose of this study aims to fill the gap by examining whether and how a positive corporate image helps a domestic brand establish a patriotic brand image and in turn enhances consumers' purchase intentions in relation to domestic brand products.Design/methodology/approachA research model identifying the antecedents of patriotic brand image (the components of corporate image) is proposed and empirically tested using structural equations with a questionnaire investigating Taiwanese college students' attitudes toward Taiwanese smartphone brands. Three competing models are also proposed and tested to confirm the appropriateness of the research model.FindingsIn addition to the widely recognized impact of perceived quality on purchase intentions, patriotic brand image is found to be effective in enhancing local consumers' intentions to purchase domestic brand products. To shape a patriotic brand image, perceived quality, perceived corporate ability and perceived corporate integrity are the direct approaches, while perceived corporate social responsibility works through perceived corporate integrity, and perceived employer brand enhances only perceived corporate social responsibility.Research limitations/implicationsPotential sampling (college students) and subject (smartphones) biases may limit the generalizability of the presented findingsPractical implicationsWhile patriotic appeals have long been used in marketing communication, they are also likely to precipitate negative brand associations (e.g. nationalism), offending consumers in other countries. By contrast, the development of a positive corporate image serves as an implicit and neutral approach to building a patriotic brand image and can help domestic brands attract local consumers with less harm to foreign markets.Originality/valueThis study is one of notably few studies discussing patriotic brand image and its impacts on purchase intentions. This study also identifies the antecedents of patriotic brand image and how each of them affects patriotic brand image. The findings can help guide domestic brands in building a patriotic brand image.
Does VPIN provide predictive information for realized volatility forecasting: evidence from Chinese stock index futures market
Authors: Wen Conghua , Jia Fei , Hao Jianli 
Published: November 2020

PurposeUsing intraday data, the authors explore the forecast ability of one high frequency order flow imbalance measure (OI) based on the volume-synchronized probability of informed trading metric (VPIN) for predicting the realized volatility of the index futures on the China Securities Index 300 (CSI 300).Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the heterogeneous autoregressive model for realized volatility (HAR-RV) and compare the forecast ability of models with and without the predictive variable, OI.FindingsThe empirical results demonstrate that the augmented HAR model incorporating OI (HARX-RV) can generate more precise forecasts, which implies that the order imbalance measure contains substantial information for describing the volatility dynamics.Originality/valueThe study sheds light on the relation between high frequency trading behavior and volatility forecasting in China's index futures market and reveals the underlying market mechanisms of liquidity-induced volatility.
The climate change emergency: impacts on health governance
Authors: MacVane Phipps Fiona 
Published: November 2020

PurposeTo enable readers to gain an overview of the content of any issue of IJHG and in this way select papers most relevant to their interests or requirements.Design/methodology/approachThe IJHG review section extracts information from all submissions in a single issue, developing and expanding on key themes in common.FindingsNAOriginality/valueThe original value of the IJHG Review section is that no other Emerald journal includes a Review section of this kind.
Takāful demand: a review of selected literature
Authors: Md Husin Maizaitulaidawati , Haron Razali 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a systematic review of literature on the demand for takāful (Islamic insurance) from articles published from January 2009 to June 2019. The review aims to synthesise and segment previously published research to identify the gaps and provide future research direction.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Past research was analysed, and content comparisons based on research focus, context and methodology were evaluated.

Findings
It was found that not much has been written and published on takāful demand in quality journals. The first two articles were published in 2009, but it was only in 2017 that coverage of the topic rapidly expanded. Although no article was found to have been published in 2018 on takāful demand, there was one published article on the topic in 2019. This paper also found that not much attention has been given to takāful demand from the corporate sector.

Research limitations/implications
The defined rule for document searching and selection excluded out-of-scope documents that might be relevant. Furthermore, as this paper concentrates exclusively on articles published in English journals, the possibility that other relevant works do appear elsewhere in a different language is not denied.

Practical implications
Factors determining takāful demand are provided, and general directions are discussed, which managers can use to develop market share further.

Originality/value
Such an extensive review of literature on takāful demand has not been done before. Other than revealing ambiguities, gaps and contradictions in the literature, this paper sketches an avenue for further research. It also provides information and guidance for other researchers wishing to embark on research on takāful demand.
Prioritizing intentions behind investment in cryptocurrency: a fuzzy analytical framework
Authors: Gupta Swati , Gupta Sanjay , Mathew Manoj , Sama Hanumantha Rao 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe primary objective of this study is to prioritize the main intentions behind investment in cryptocurrency, in spite of its volatile nature and no regulatory framework.Design/methodology/approachThis research paper has worked on collective constructs of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), the technology acceptance model (TAM) and social support theory with an added construct of financial literacy. A fuzzy analytical framework has been applied to prioritize the intentions of investors.FindingsThe result indicates that “Social Influence (SI)” is the most influencing factor, while “Effort Expectancy (EE)” is the least influencing factor considered by investors. The subdimensions ranked in the top priority by investors are as follows: “I want to invest in cryptocurrencies because I have a good level of financial knowledge (FL1)”; “The people who are important to me will think that I should use cryptocurrencies (SI2)”; “I have the necessary resources to use cryptocurrencies (FC2).” The least importance is given to “It will be easy for me to become an expert in the use of cryptocurrencies (EE3).”Research limitations/implicationsFew of the constructs of the UTAUT, the TAM and social support theory have been considered while prioritizing intentions. Different other intentions also prevail under different theories that need to be researched further.Practical implicationsUnlike previous studies, this research adds the archetype of social commerce, social support and utility theories to analyze and prioritize the behavioral perspective of using cryptocurrencies in digital transactions.Originality/valueThis paper fills the gap in the research study, along with assisting the regulators and cryptocurrency practitioners to widen their knowledge base and to recognize the prioritized intentions.
How do leaders' positive emotions improve followers' person–job fit in China? The effects of organizational identification and psychological safety
Authors: Liu Chongrui , Wang Cong , Wang Hongjie 
Published: November 2020

PurposeAlthough a plethora of literature has developed person–job fit theory, how leaders' emotions affect followers' person–job fit has received insufficient attention. Drawing on emotions as social information (EASI) theory, the present research study investigated the impact of leaders' positive emotions on person–job fit and further explained the mediating role of psychological safety and the moderating effect of organizational identification.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 319 Chinese employees nested in 67 teams, and a cross-level design was adopted to examine the research hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicated that individual-level psychological safety played a mediating role in the cross-level relationship between team-directed leaders' positive emotions and individual-level person–job fit. Moreover, the authors found a cross-level moderating effect of team-level organizational identification.Practical implicationsThis present research empirically showed that leaders displaying positive emotions in the workplace benefited followers' perceptions of psychological safety, which in turn improved followers' attitudes towards their job in management practice. In addition, organizational identification could positively advance this process.Originality/valueThis study is the first to evaluate the operational mechanism of leaders' emotion on followers' perceived person–job fit in the Chinese context. Person–job fit has primarily been investigated as a driver of employee outcomes in the previous research studies. These studies focussed on whether and how leaders' emotions improve followers' person–job fit.
Unified elimination of 1D acoustic multiple reflection
Authors: Slob Evert , Zhang Lele 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTMigration, velocity and amplitude analysis are the employed processing steps to find the desired subsurface information from seismic reflection data. The presence of free‐surface and internal multiples can mask the primary reflections for which many processing methods are built. The ability to separate primary from multiple reflections is desirable. Connecting Marchenko theory with classical one‐dimensional inversion methods allows to understand the process of multiple reflection elimination as a data‐filtering process. The filter is a fundamental wave field, defined as a pressure and particle velocity that satisfy the wave equation. The fundamental wave field does not depend on the presence or absence of free‐surface multiples in the data. The backbone of the filtering process is that the fundamental wave field is computed from the measured pressure and particle velocity without additional information. Two different multiples‐free datasets are obtained: either directly from the fundamental wave field or by applying the fundamental wave field to the data. In addition, the known schemes for Marchenko multiple elimination follow from the main equation. Numerical examples show that source and receiver ghosts, free‐surface and internal multiples can be removed simultaneously using a conjugate gradient scheme. The advantage of the main equation is that the source wavelet does not need to be known and no pre‐processing is required. The fact that the reflection coefficients can be obtained is an interesting feature that could lead to improved amplitude analysis and inversion than would be possible with other processing methods.
Permeable persons and plastic packaging in India: from biomoral substance exchange to chemotoxic transmission
Authors: Pathak Gauri 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn contemporary India, it has become commonplace to hear middle‐class people speak of ‘chemicals’ in the environment, in food, and in everyday commodities. Anxieties revolve around the bodily absorption of these ‘chemicals’, and plastic packaging has come under particular scrutiny as a source of such leached substances. Although anthropological studies have highlighted South Asian conceptions of the person as permeable and affected, through the exchange of biomoral substances, by transactions with the environment, humans, and nonhumans, the concern about ‘chemicals’ references a different type of transfer: that of chemotoxic transmission. Such concern foregrounds new anxieties about the permeable body in the contaminated, ecologically damaged world of late modernity. The case of plastic packaging is illustrative of the differences between frameworks of biomoral substance exchange and chemotoxic transmission. In illuminating those differences, this article focuses on public concerns regarding the bodily absorption of ‘chemicals’, why these concerns are compelling as a political ecological critique of capitalist extraction, and the insights they can offer to anthropological research on the permeable body.
Feasibility of MRI to assess differences in ophthalmic artery blood flow rate in normal tension glaucoma and healthy controls
Authors: Kristiansen Martin , Lindén Christina , Qvarlander Sara , Wåhlin Anders , Ambarki Khalid , Hallberg Per , Eklund Anders , Jóhannesson Gauti 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo examine feasibility of phase‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PCMRI) and to assess blood flow rate in the ophthalmic artery (OA) in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) compared with healthy controls.MethodsSixteen patients with treated NTG and 16 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls underwent PCMRI using a 3‐Tesla scanner and ophthalmological examinations. OA blood flow rate was measured using a 2D PCMRI sequence with a spatial resolution of 0.35 mm2.ResultsThe blood flow rate in the NTG group was 9.6 ± 3.9 ml/min [mean ± SD] compared with 11.9 ± 4.8 ml/min in the control group. Resistance Index (RI) and Pulsatility Index (PI) were 0.73 ± 0.08 and 1.36 ± 0.29, respectively, in the NTG group and 0.68 ± 0.13 and 1.22 ± 0.40, respectively, in the healthy group. The mean visual field index (VFI) was 46% ± 25 for the worse NTG eyes. The measured differences observed between the NTG group and the control group in blood flow rate (p = 0.12), RI (p = 0.18) and PI (p = 0.27) were non‐significant.ConclusionsThis case–control study, using PCMRI, showed a slight, but non‐significant, reduction in OA blood flow rate in the NTG patients compared with the healthy controls. These results indicate that blood flow may be of importance in the pathogenesis of NTG. Considering that only a limited portion of the total OA blood flow supplies the ocular system and the large inter‐individual differences, a larger study or more advanced PCMRI technique might give the answer.