bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformation of Fallow Yard Become Potential for Agribusiness of Dragon Fruit
Authors: Suparwata Dewa Oka , Djibran Moh. Muchlis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The development of Dragon fruit plant can be a starting point which have an impact on the income of the local community in the rural area. The purpose of this research is to examine the level of profits from the transformation of the fallow yard into a potential for sustainability of Dragon fruit plant. This study is designed using survey approach, which was carried out in the village of Banuroja sub-district of Randangan Regency Marisa. The sample is 48 respondents specified from 30% of the total population (160 farmers). The data analyzed with acceptance analysis, income, B/C ratio and R/C Ratio. The results showed that: the average farming total cost is Rp 2,677,794/year, average admission is Rp 8,495,292/year, the average income of farming the dragon fruit in the yard is the Rp 5,817,498/year. Analysis of R/C ratio values acquired for 3.2 while the value of the B/C ratio obtained is 2.2. This indicates that the Dragon fruit farming in bero grounds that are done by the farmers of the village of Banuroja is feasible to be developed. For increased profits of farming needed a touch of technology and strategic management of agribusiness-based yard management.
Numerical Investigation of the nanofluid mixed convection on two layers enclosure with rotating cylinder: High Darcy Number Effects
Authors: Abdulsahib Ahmed Dhafer , Al-Farhany Khaled 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present study, numerically investigated of mixed convection in a square enclosure with two layers, with Al2O3–water nanofluid (upper layer) and nano-porous medium (lower layer) with an adiabatic rotating circular cylinder at the center of the enclosure. The top and bottom walls are assumed adiabatic, while the left sidewall is heated, and the right sidewall kept cooled. Numerically, COMSOL code based on the Galerkin finite element method used for solved the dimensionless governing equations. The non-dimensional parameters that used in this study are: Rayleigh number (Ra) ranged from 103 up to 106, Darcy number (Da) equal to 10−3, the angular rotational velocity (Ω) ranged (0 and 6000), the solid volume fraction (ɸ=0.06), and the inner circular cylinder radius as (R = 0.2). The results showed that when Rayleigh numbers increase, a noticeable increase in the flow intensity and the steep temperature gradient, while the values increase when the cylinder rotates. The value of the local Nusselt number was high in the upper half of the cavity. The effect of the cylinder rotates is greater on the value of the local Nusselt number when using the low Rayleigh Numbers.
Prediction of Mechanical, Thermal and Electrical Properties of Wool/Glass Fiber based Hybrid Composites
Authors: Ogaili Ahmed Ali Farhan , Abdulla Fadhel Abbas , Al-Sabbagh Muhanad Nazar Mustafa , Waheeb Ruaa Rafil 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of wool and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy-based hybrid composites were investigated experimentally. Three different types of the composite material were manufactured. The first type was plain woven glass fiber reinforced epoxy with 50% volume fraction. The second type consisted of natural fiber (Wool) reinforced epoxy with 50% volume fraction. The third type was hybrid natural wool and plain woven glass fiber reinforced epoxy with 50% volume fraction (25% fiber + 25% wool).
The results showed that the hybrid composite specimens have higher values of the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and flexural strength compared with the wool specimens, while these values are less than that for glass fiber specimens. The values of the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity are arranged in an ascending order as follows: wool/epoxy, wool-glass/epoxy, and glass/epoxy composites.
Efficient and Robust Filtering Method for Medical CT Images
Authors: Ahmed Anas Fouad , Al-Kaseem Bilal R. , Taha Zahraa Khduair 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper introduces a new approach to ensure the certainty of medical diagnosis by eliminating the salt-and-pepper noise (SPN) in medical applications for both gray and coloured computed tomography (CT) images. The proposed approach is based on median filter which utilized for value-preserving and edge-preserving in digital image processing applications, Thus, the proposed approach is called improved adaptive median filter (IAMF). In contrast to the available research in the literature, the introduced method is characterized by the high filtering quality, robust in different noise intensities (low, medium and high) and computed efficiently. The obtained results of the filtering process have been analysed in terms of four main metrics: peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), structure similarity (SSIM), universal image quality (UIQ) and filter average execution time (AET). The test scenarios were conducted using MATLAB 2019a running on Windows 10 computer. The success of the proposed filter has been validated by the statistical analysis based on the aforementioned metrics using gray and coloured medical CT images. For the worst case scenario in gray and coloured CT images when the noise intensity is 90%, the IAMF enhances the PSNR by 108-129%, the SSIM by 105-153% and the UIQ by 97-100% when they were compared to different filters that existed in the recent literature. These ratios depend on the image quality and image resolution. Moreover, the filter execution time has been improved by five times in gray scenarios and four times in coloured scenarios. Finally, the obtained results are visually verified as well.
Detection of vehicle with Infrared images in Road Traffic using YOLO computational mechanism
Authors: Mahmood Mohammed Thakir , Ahmed Saadaldeen Rashid Ahmed , Ahmed Mohammed Rashid Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Vehicle counting is an important process in the estimation of road traffic density to evaluate the traffic conditions in intelligent transportation systems. With increased use of cameras in urban centers and transportation systems, surveillance videos have become central sources of data. Vehicle detection is one of the essential uses of object detection in intelligent transport systems. Object detection aims at extracting certain vehicle-related information from videos and pictures containing vehicles. This form of information collection in intelligent systems is faced with low detection accuracy, inaccuracy in vehicle type detection, slow processing speeds. In this research, we propose a vehicle detection system from infrared images using YOLO (You Look Only Once) computational mechanism. The YOLO mechanism can apply different machine or deep learning algorithms for accurate vehicle type detection. In this study we propose an infrared based technique to combine with YOLO for vehicle detection in traffic. This method will be compared with a machine learning technique of K-means++ clustering algorithm, a deep learning mechanism of multitarget detection and infrared imagery using convolutional neutral network
The effect of residential building façade design on energy consumption for hot desert climate
Authors: Hassan Susan Abed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
One of the most prominent parts of the building envelop that exposed to the external environment is the facade of building due to the pressure of environmental conditions as compare to the rest of building. Previous literatures had presented many researches in this field, but the study of the effect of the residential building façade design in reducing the energy consumption of buildings had not been adequately addressed for hot desert climate. The aim of this research is to determine the design characters for the façade of residential buildings. That includes wall materials, window to wall ratio, and the shape of windows, that reduce energy consumption in summer session. To achieve this goal, a typical type of two stories residential building had been adopted and tested by software simulation program to estimate the energy performance. The results showed that most efficient materials for the façade were the thermostone block with brick claddings. As for orientation the best results was for north elevation. And for window to wall ratio the best value was 20%.
Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Based on CT Scans Using CNN
Authors: Al-Yasriy Hamdalla F. , AL-Husieny Muayed S. , Mohsen Furat Y. , Khalil Enam A. , Hassan Zainab S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancer types; thousands of peoples are infected with this type of cancer, and if they do not discover it in the early stages of the disease, then the chance of surviving of the patient will be very poor. For the suggested reasons above and to help in overcoming this terrible, early diagnosis with the assistance of artificial intelligence procedures most needed. Through this research, a Computer-aided system introduced for detecting lung cancer in a dataset collected from the Iraqi hospitals by using a convolutional neural network technique with AlexNet architecture for helping with the diagnosis of the patient’s cases: normal, benign, or malignant. The proposed model gives high accuracy ups to 93.548%. The other performance metrics comes with high values such as 95.714% for sensitivity and 95% for Specificity.
Emissions Investigating of Carbon Dioxide Generated by the Iraqi Cement Industry
Authors: Hason Mahir Mahmod , Al-Sulttani Ali Omran , Abbood Imad Shakir , Hanoon Ammar Nasiri 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The most used material in the world after water is concrete, which depends mainly on its manufacture of cement leading to the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), flying dust, and other greenhouse gasses (GHGs) resulting in pollution of the atmosphere. The emission of CO2 from cement production is approximately 5% of the global anthropogenic CO2. This research focuses on investigating the amount of CO2 emission from the Iraqi General Cement Company plants includes the cement factories of Kirkuk, Al-Qa’em, Fallujah, and Kubaisa, using the GHGs Protocol Measures Program (specifically cement based-method). The data required for cement production was provided by the Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals throughout 25 years. The results showed that the largest amount of CO2 emissions cumulatively over 25 years was from the Kubaisa plant with an average emission amount of approximately 7,613,605 tons/25 years. While the lowest cumulative amount of emission was by Fallujah cement plant represented by about 868,341 tons/25 years. On the other hand, the highest and lowest production amount was from Kubaisa and Fallujah plants at 105% and 0.6% in 1989 and 2008 respectively relative to the design capacity. Shifting to renewable and clean energies that limit the amount of CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is highly recommended, although this requires facing problematic challenges.
The Performance of IoT Malware Detection Technique Using Feature Selection and Feature Reduction in Fog Layer
Authors: Khammas Ban Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The rapid increase in the number of devices connected to internet (IoT) lead to expansion in the attacks that targeting these devices. One of these dangers attacks is malware which embedded with IoT devices that makes the detection for such malware is extremely challenging. The machine learning is one of the most effective techniques that used to detect different types of attacks in IoT environment. This technique includes three main stages: feature extraction, feature selection, and classification. The feature selection is the most important stage in ML technique because it contributes to minimizing the size of features which significantly accelerate the detection system. In this stage, most researchers trend to use one of three methods; feature selection, feature reduction and hybrid between feature selection and reduction. The present research aims to present a comparative study between the effect of using feature selection method and feature reduction method on the performance of the IoT malware detection system. The results showed that the proposed technique could achieved an accuracy about 97% when using feature selection method only. These results emphasize that feature selection method is more efficient than the feature reduction method in detection IoT malware.
Study the Response Of The Wind Turbine System under Realistic Working Conditions Using Simulink
Authors: Abdullah Oday I. , Alhamadani Ahmed , Abbood Wisam T. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a very rapid development in the field of clean energy due to the huge increase in the demand, which prompted the manufacturers and the designers to increase the efficiency and operating life of the energy systems and especially for wind turbine. It can be considered that the control unit is the main key of the wind turbines. Consequently, it’s essential to understanding the working principle of this unit and spotlight on the factors which influence significantly on the performance of wind turbine system. Simulink technique is proposed to find the response of the wind turbine system under different working conditions. In this paper, it was investigated the influence of the rotational speed, type of generator on the response of the wind turbine system.
A review on development of solar thermal flat plate collector
Authors: Shandal Jafer , Abed Qahtan A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Solar thermal collectors are most frequent type of solar energy applications. Solar collector is a type of heat exchanger where heat exchanges take place between a distance source and a moving heat transfer fluid in the collector. Solar collectors can be categorized as concentrated and non-concentrating according to their design. In this present work, the most important studies that dealt with the development in the manufacture of collectors were reviewed. Studies differed according to the type of improvement discussed, such as use of obstacles, type of fin, absorber plate design, nanofluid as heat transfer fluid and use of enhancement devices. Researchers can take advantage of simulation programs to get the best experiences at the lowest cost and time.
Enhancement throughput and increase security of image transmitted over wireless network using (DNC)
Authors: Mohsin Marwa Jaleel , Marzog Heyam A. , Therib Mohammed Azher 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper diagnose the problem of exchanging images among multiple nodes of wireless networks through using DNC (digital network coding). Our algorithm is introduced new technique in simple design to transmitting image with more security through relay nodes. We used DNC technique for enhancing the throughput, efficiency and scalability, as well as resilience to attacks and eavesdropping of the wireless network. The relay node of the proposed algorithm network receiving and combining the two images of two transceiver nodes that need for exchanging the data using XOR MATLAB function and retransmit it over AWGN channel with different values. We using (512*512) RGB-JPEG images. The modulation scheme that used in the proposing algorithm 64-QAM, the receivers applying Median filter to improve the received data. Many standers are used to testing the algorithm such as PSNR, MSE, BER, the entropy and SSIM. The algorithm was simulated by MATLAB 2015a.
Impact of Use Septic Tank Sludge for the application as Pozzolanic Material in high performance concrete
Authors: Ghali Zainab Abdul sattar , Owaid Haider Mohammed , Mohammed Weam Abdulwahhab 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The disposal of septic tank sludge (SS) delivered from wastewater treatment plants is progressively getting to be a risk to the environment for includes Organic compounds which are scary to the public health and environment; over-volumes are every day created and deficiency of relevant landfill sites for wastes. This study aims to explore the impact of septic tank sludge as partial substitutions of ordinary Portland cement (PC) within the production of high-performance concrete (HPCs). The water/binder (W/B) ratio of all kinds of blends is fixed at 0.36 with total binder content of 492 kg/m3. The concrete mixtures, in portion, are replaced with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of SS, individually. The impact of SS used to be analyzed through physical and chemical tests. The workability test of HPC was once decided to utilize the slump flow, Meanwhile compressive strength and tensile strength splitting experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of septic tank sludge on the hardened properties of HPC. The results demonstrated that SS may be a responsive pozzolanic material (PM) ; consequently which could be used as PM in concrete mixes. The concrete blend contains 5% cement substitution with SS illustrated to improve hardened properties of concrete at the all-age of specimens evaluated by comparing to concrete control. Sensibly, the substitution of 20 % septic tank sludge is desirable for creating high-performance concrete.
Experimental study for laminar forced convection heat transfer enhancement from horizontal tube heated with constant heat flux, by using different types of porous media
Authors: Youssif Yasir Fayez , Kadhum Mahdi Hatf , Ali Ahmed Hammodi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractForced convective heat transfer for water flowing through a circular pipe oriented horizontally has been investigated experimentally. the pipe was heated at constant heat flux and also packed with two different types of particles (steel and mixture of steel & plastic) as a porous media.The flow features are an internal, laminar, incompressible and steady flow for a wide range of Reynolds numbers (500,1000 and 1500) with variable heat flux (200, 400 and 600 W) for each case and three times for each number.The experimental results comprehended temperature recording on different positions of test sections at steady state depending on the effect of the porous media type and Reynolds number employed (which indicate to the mass flux) in addition to the value of heat flux. The results of the study are represented in terms of temperature distribution to show temperature behaviors in the pipe, besides other diagrams uptake relation of the local and average Nusselt number with data aforementioned above. For each porous type, the results show an increase in local and average Nusselt number with increasing of the Reynold number for steel and mixture porous media respectively. It has obverse from this study that in a porous steel media the heat transfer will occur mainly by conduction, while in the other types of porous media that the heat transfer will occur mainly by forced convection.
Purity Water Production Technique with Multi Power Resources
Authors: Jawad Raid Salih , Khalid Waleed , AbdulJabbar Safaa Nayyef 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSecure drinkable water is decisive and fundamental in order to increase the welfare of current generations and beyond. A new design study represents, small, and portable system for production high-purified drinking water depends on several sources of electric power with nanotechnology principles by using nano-membranes. This system can purify the water from rivers, lakes and marshes wells, as well as any tap water, with the lowest level of water source, this system can work by depending on both AC, and DC power. Tests carried out on the filtered water samples showed that the well water hardness before filtering was 2783.2 mg/L and decreased to 431.2 mg/L, and the pH ratio increased slightly from 7.1-7.3 and this elevation was considered ineffective. TSS decreased from 15 to 11 mg / l, also TDS, Mg+2, and Na+2were all reduced as follows (4420-290), (414.03-21.46), (120-32) respectively, and for tap water TSS, Hardness, TDS, Mg+2, Na+2, and pH were all reduced as follows (6-4), (421-98), (430-127), (52.33-16.04), (27-6), (7 -7.1). These data where compared to the World Health Organization (WHO), which showed the efficiency of the system in obtaining water within the natural specifications necessary for human use.
Experimental Investigation of a Single Slope Solar Still Performance- Evaporation Process Enhancement
Authors: Jaafar Zahraa Abdulkareem , Hameed Hassanain Ghani , Hussein Ridha Hasan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The productivity of single-slope solar still is limit due to limited amount of solar energy absorbed, and that directly affected the evaporation process. For enhancing the evaporation in solar still, two ways are experimentally investigated. The first, a specially designed solar collecting tank is used to pre-heat raw water before it inters the basin of still. The second, two sizes of iron wicks are used to increase the area of solar absorbing element inside the still. The results show that the still productivity enhanced by 86.65 % and 72.53 % in deferent types of wicks, and about 48.83% by solar collecting tank compared with conventional solar still.
Synthesis of Nano Platinum-Tungsten Supported on Gamma-Alumina Catalyst
Authors: Jawad Karrar Ayad Mohammed , Saed Usama A. , Alwan Haider H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Nano gamma-alumina support was prepared successfully by Sol-gel method using aluminum nitrate without and with carbon nanotubes as a template at different calcination temperatures (600, 650, and 700°C) and then loaded with 0.3% of platinum and 0.3% of tungsten by the wet- impregnation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), atomic force microscope (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and (BET) surface area were used to characterize the prepared nano catalyst. The best results obtained were 389.34 m2/gm surface area, 0.468 cm3 /gm pore volume, 8.07 nm pore size and 42.71 nm average particle size for the prepared nana gamma-alumina at a calcination temperature of 600°C.
Prediction of Pavement Condition Index for the highway road between Ba’Quba and Tuz Khurmatu of Iraq: A new model suggestion.
Authors: Khalid A M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Pavement condition index is an important indication for road performance and safety driving. Abuse of highway roads always resulted in may difficulties like improper driving, long time of trips, travelers discomfort and many other problems. Uncontrolled traffic of heavy loaded trucks together with high temperatures and absence of road maintenance will certainly cause huge damages to asphalt pavement and as a result reduced road lifetime. In this paper an attempt was made to assess the necessary parameters that used to model pavement condition index by the use of bootstrapping via the SPSS ver. 23. The estimated parameters showed a reasonably reliable predictions when compared to actual data.