bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Framework for Resilient Supply Chain Using 3D Printing in Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Al Tartoor Yousef , Khalaf Adel , Awadallah Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Resilient supply chain management plays an essential role in the success of organizations in terms of operational performance, efficiency, and sustainability that in turn ensures business continuity. While effective supply chain is directly dependent on logistics, inventory control, and materials handling, it is also strongly interlinked with the utilization of new technologies that will enhance the complete supply chain cycle. This paper develops a framework that introduces three-dimensional (3D) printing in the oil and gas industry, taking into consideration the challenges that this technology is facing to penetrate the conservative oil and gas industry and realizing its potential benefits to the business.
This research work utilizes different purchasing models to cover a significant category of expenditures in an oil and gas company, which is providing an alternative cost effective option for sourcing high value and long lead old/obsolete spare parts from original equipment manufaturers (OEM)s overseas. Several frameworks used worldwide were employed, such as the Kraljic matrix & PESTLE (Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Legal and Environmental) analysis, to employ different manufacturing/supply technologies for different stock item classes. These tools provided a systematic pathway to perform market analysis of the existing local 3D printing market and potential for growth and competitiveness in upcoming years. This paper also presents a trial attempt to 3D scan and digitize 215 materials as a first step in the prepared framework guideline. This study works in line with recent ADNOC initiatives in promoting local workshops and In-Country Value (ICV), andUAE precautions taken to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in oil and gas plants.
The adaptive framework provided a roadmap to debottleneck the constraints that conventional supply chains faces with the critical supplies. The developed decision support matrices, employing semi-quantitave approaches, serves in achieving the business need of every supply in terms of cost, schedule, or combination of both. The framework provides a guideline on the utilization of 3D printing, while maintaining the highest levels of quality. A qualitative analysis showed that the introduction of 3D printing would increase the diversity and market competition leading to potential price reduction.
The utilization of 3D printing technology as part of a strategic supply chain process is not well developed. This study presents an effective framework that will increase the confidence level of oil and gas operators in utilizing this technology and benefit from its values.
Tubing Straddle System to Restores Oil Production Using Digital Slickline Conveyance A Case Study
Authors: Gilani Syed Zubair , Alfadhli Wuroud Mohammed , Kurma Ravi , Al-Mansour Yousef , Al-Sulaili Mousa , AL-Habib Amal , Al-Qaheem Sara , Al-Menai Deema , Karam Eynas , Al-Hamad Hazza , Al-Shuaib Abdulrahman , Fituri Mohamed Aiman , Ayyad Hazim , Mosbah Mohamed , Al-Hajji Ahmad , Ikhsanov Meirbek , Abdulrahim Khaled 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The mature Great Burgan field comprises of more than 2000 wells to date, many of these wells utilize artificial lift in their production to maintain production targets. Tubing leaks and integrity issues pose major challenge to the artificial lift pump; these leaks eventually cause pumps temperatures to exceed the operating limit, trip and stop production.
The waiting time for a workover rig is about 4 months, this converts to a significant loss of oil production in every well with tubing integrity issue.
To reach and sustain the production target, rigless tubing repair is perceived as a viable quick solution to maintain production until workover rig becomes available.
Casting Requirements of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Products – Lesson Learned from a Failure Case Perspective
Authors: Anghel Gelu Dragos , Nallamothu Narayana Swami , Singh Harendra , Kamal Faris Ragheb , Takieddine Oussama Halim 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Excellent mechanical properties and superior corrosion resistance in aggressive environments, recommends Super Duplex Stainless Steel (SDSS), for specific Oil & Gas applications requiring a high reliability and integrity of equipment. Generally, SDSS would be a solution for systems handling oxygen free or deoxygenated fluids with a relative high content of chlorides, such sea water or, with precautions, even well fluids.
If exposed to sour service, additional precautions must to be taken for this class of materials in order to avoid occurance of cracking mechanisms associated with hydrogen sulfide presence and to comply with environmental and material limitations imposed by NACE standard MR 0175/ ISO15156.
Despite of meeting material selection criteria, pumps faced major fabrication challenges and quality control issues subsequentlly reflected through a premature failure of equipment; generated by concomitent interaction of inappropriate fabrication aspects, including the pouring, quenching and welding of SDSS material.
Specifically, quality control is a critical factor during fabrication to avoid unexpected in-service failures, involving major operational issues and unforeseen expenses.
This paper aims to discuss SDSS casting issues encountered during fabrication of pump casings, from a failure case perspective, providing an optimized approach for successful completion of cast manufacturing process.
High Resolution Fracture Analyses and 3d DMX DFN Modeling of Triassic Dolomites; Wadi Bih, Ras Al Khaimah UAE
Authors: van Dijk Janpieter , Lazzar Raffik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present paper regards a high-resolution 3d fracture DMX modelling exercise applied to Triassic dolomites of the Ghail Fm, outcropping along Wadi Bih in the territory of Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE). The outcropping rocks show a low primary porosity, are well bedded and highly fractured (jointed) up to cm scale. They are an equivalent of the hydrocarbon producing Khuff Fm in the subsurface, and as such the exersice shows the relevance of applying new technologies to outcrop observations to confront with subsurface situations. Secondly, the exersize shows several new unique elements and related technologies not presented previously. The workflow presented which allows to arrive from observations to a 3d data driven fracture model, applying new technologies and algorithms using specific modules of the DMX protocol.Data collected comprise direct hand measurements of fractures and bedding planes, and 3d calibrated HR photographs. The scale of the model ranges from cm to meter scale fractures (core to borehole image scale). The parameters that have been analysed are size (length, height), orientation (set recognition), truncation relationships (BIXTV) between fractures and bedding planes, and spatial distribution (spacing) of the single fracture sets. The analyses and confrontation between the bedding tilt and the orientation of the 5 recognised fracture sets demonstrates that the fracture network is passively tilted with the bedding plane. A methodology is presented to arrive from in principle 1d (lineament) observations upon 2d sections (bedding planes surfaces and vertical sections) to statistical models and the usage in 3d fracture modeling.The resulting 3d model is generated as a Data Driven Model using the DMX protocol, which is directly connected to the observed features which are themselves present in the model, and comprises 5 sets with the following parameters reflecting the observed mathematical models: Specific spatial spacing relationships, size distributions (lengths and heights), relationships with modelled bedding plane surfaces, undulation of fractures, and 3d spatial truncations (XTV) between fractures and between fractures and bedding planes. This model is interrogated for 3d connectivity in different directions, P32 density (related to fracture porosity) and can be confronted with subsurface datasets from (preferably oriented) cores.The example shows for the first time how relatively simple and straightforward observations, which can be collected by hand, or with 3d stereofotogrammetrical techniques or drone technologies, can be used to build 3d analogue models that accurately mimic geological relationships.
Using Sequence Stratigraphy to Resolve Depositional Misconceptions on the Arabian Plate – The Example of the Gotnia Basin Creation and Infill
Authors: Gravestock Christopher , Van Buchem Frans , Simmons Mike , Davies Roger 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Jurassic stratigraphy of the Middle East includes the world's most economically significant petroleum systems, containing multiple world-class source, reservoir and seal packages. Yet in a regional context, these depositional systems are still not fully understood, leading to inconsistencies in lithostratigraphic nomenclature across international boundaries and misconceptions in the stratigraphic architecture limiting exploration and production success. We have applied sequence stratigraphic principles across the Jurassic strata of the eastern Arabian Plate to increase stratigraphic understanding and resolve some of the common misconceptions. This provides a robust age-based framework to reduce lithostratigraphic uncertainty across international boundaries and provides predictive capabilities into the temporal and spatial distribution of source, reservoir, and seal facies.Herein, we focus on one of these stratigraphic misconceptions, which deals with the development and sedimentary infill of the Late Jurassic Gotnia Basin, and its relationship with the aggrading platform of the Rimthan Arch. Our literature based re-interpretation proposes a mostly eustatically driven control, whereby the shallow water platform of the Rimthan Arch followed sea level rise, and the Gotnia Basin became a starved intra shelf basin. This revised stratigraphic interpretation has important consequences for the lateral facies relationships, and overall tectono-sedimentary understanding of the area, as well as for the petroleum habitat.
Investigation on the Kinetic Behavior of Gas Hydrates Based on Induction Time for a High CO2 Mixed Gas Multiphase Pipeline System
Authors: Sayani Jai Krishna , Yadavalli Sravya Sri , Mamidi Lokesh Teja , Kamireddi Venkateswara Rao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, an experimental investigation has been carried out to understand the Kinetic behavior of gas hydrates formation in a multiphase gas dominant pipeline system. The multiphase system consists of Crude oil, Natural Gas system with high Carbon dioxide and deionized water. Experiments are conducted using the Raman Gas hydrate reactor with the operating conditions in line with the real time conditions. The Induction time was calculated for all the experiments and the kinetic behavior was evaluated. Also, a statistical regression model has been developed to predict the induction time. Also, this model is used for evaluating the most influential parameters on induction time prediction. It was found that the Induction time plays a major role in the kinetics of gas hydrates. The observations suggested that the higher the induction, the gas hydrates formation initiation is delayed.
Keywords: Multiphase Pipelines, Gas Hydrates, Kinetic Behavior, Statistical Regression Analysis.
Surfactant–Polymer Flooding at High Temperature and High Salinity: Promising Lab Scale Experiments in Challenging Conditions
Authors: Klimenko Alexandra , Molinier Valérie , Dubos Fabienne , Joly Michèle , Saint-Loubert Marcelle , Jouenne Stéphane , Passade-Boupat Nicolas , Bourrel Maurice 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Performing Surfactant-Polymer (SP) flooding in High Salinity and High Temperature (HS-HT) conditions - up to 297 g/L TDS formation brine and 105°C-120°C - is challenging, both as regards the products selection and the implementation of the experimental workflow, from the selection tests of the surfactants and polymers to the corefloods, which need to be performed in an oxygen-free environment to reproduce field test conditions. In this work, we show our recent lab developments of SP formulations for different HS-HT conditions for limestone and sandstone reservoirs, both in terms of efficiency of chemicals in such conditions, and technical aspects.
Specific polymers and surfactants have been selected based on chemical stability and efficiency. The main surfactants have been chosen in the ethoxylated carboxylates and ethoxylated sulfonates series, and they have been formulated in order to reach optimal salinities in the 80-130 g/L TDS range. Special attention has been paid to the impact of the divalent cations on the physicochemical behavior.
These surfactant formulations were tested in corefloods using SAV10 as thermally stable polymer and taking into account the change in physicochemical phase behavior with oil saturation. Corefloods were carried out in oxygen-free conditions as well as pipettes study and surfactant thermal stability tests, since polymer and surfactants degrade in presence of oxygen at such high temperature.
Our results show a good efficiency of the formulations based on ethoxylated sulfonates on limestones (Residual oil saturation (Sorc) ~9%) with a retention of 0.26 mg/g of rock, whereas formulations based on ethoxylated carboxylates performed well on quartz sandpack (Sorc ~ 1-5%). The latter however gave lower recovery and high retention on limestones.
This work describes the development workflow and testing procedures to operate chemical EOR in very harsh conditions. As a result, we demonstrate that efficient HS-HT SP formulations are now available.
Processing Ultra–High Density 3D Seismic Surveys: An Abu Dhabi Case Study
Authors: Alkatheeri Tayammum , Cambois Guillaume , Mahgoub Mohamed , Nyein Glenn , Vasilyev Pavel , Mihaljevic Ivica , Doheim Mohamed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A new land ‘nimble node’ acquisition system was developed to deliver economical high-quality seismic data with the lightest and lowest-cost seismic channel system in the seismic industry. Besides the advantages in terms of environmental impact and operational safety, the design goal of the system is improvement of data quality by reducing the cost barriers to acquiring high-density seismic surveys. The present case study examines deployment of the nimble node system in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. ADNOC conducted a pilot survey in 2019 that involved approximately 50,000 single-sensor nodes laid-out on a 12.5 m × 12.5 m grid combined with source point interval of 12.5 m × 100 m source line interval. The acquisition of 81 sq km was completed ahead of planned schedule and field data quality met expectation. To accelerate acquisition turnaround, sources were vibrated simultaneously where only a minimal ‘no offset/time limiting’ rule was applied. While this approach had the advantage of greatly reducing cost and turnaround time for the field operations, it requires an efficient separation algorithm that identifies and removes the simultaneous-source interference while leaving the prime shot energy intact. We provide a summary of the processing efforts required to exploit the high-density data set in full, focusing on noise attenuation, surface consistent processes, and the improvements achieved in the final imaging over that of the legacy survey.
Looking at the Bigger Picture - Better Understanding of Well Behavior through Integration of Petrophysical, Production Logging and Corrosion Evaluation Data in a Challenging Environment, Ensuring Maximum Well Life and Overall Productivity
Authors: Chitre Sunil , Mustafa Hammad , Anurag Atul Kumar , Bazuhair Ahmed Khalid , Kuliyev Myrat , Javid Khalid , Anjum Usman , Sookram Neil , AlHaji Latifa , Al-Kindi Zaid , Afeefi Baraka Said , Jabour George 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper describes optimal field development and appraisal in complex reservoirs and challenging environments in field ‘ABC’. Most of the wells are laterals with ICD (lower) completions across heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs. Highly corrosive environments i.e. up to 20% H2S present an added risk, particularly in the event of water encroachment. Optimal development needs a multi-disciplinary surveillance approach involving an integration of input form stakeholders, including geoscience and petroleum engineering, to ensure productivity optimization during the whole life of the field.
Field ABC is an offshore field with extremely heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs and acid stimulation is usually done to improve production. The wells in the field are mostly horizontal, oil producers with ICD lower completions. The upper completion uses carbon steel L80 and for corrosion mitigation, inhibitors are injected through chemical injection valves. In this paper, a pilot well is reviewed where a methodical approach was used for evaluation. Baseline production logging and reservoir saturation monitoring were done in the lower completion and a corrosion log was acquired in both the upper and lower completions. Data acquired was integrated and observations show that the measurements correlate well with each other.
This case study integrates and correlates downhole zonal contribution, phase holdups, pressure and temperature data from production logging with metal loss data from a high-resolution multi-finger caliper tool. Well trajectory shows a depression across the heel of the well which is incidentally between the EOT and the topmost ICD. Although there is no water production at surface, a static water sump is observed across this depression on the production logs. This static water is possibly completion fluid or unremoved fluid from the acid job. Minor localized corrosion is also observed across the same depression on the corrosion logs, also confirming presence of some water. The H2S production and the presence of water is an added risk to completion integrity as it creates a corrosive environment. Therefore, in such cases it will be necessary to monitor the production and corrosion at regular intervals of time.
This case study shows that by applying a multi-disciplinary approach and integrating various measurements, well conditions can be viewed not just as pieces of a puzzle but as a complete picture to improve the understanding of the well behavior. Time-lapse monitoring of production and corrosion along with reservoir saturation is also necessary to prevent surprises and help in making informed decisions towards better field development.
Implications of Depletion-Induced Poroelastic Effects and Rock Mechanical Heterogeneity in 1D Geomechanical Modeling for Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Reddy Rathnakar , Aldahmani Asma , Martin A. N. , Singh Maniesh , Jaiyeola Abiodun Isiaka , Al Shehhi Hessa , Dutta Ashim 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is the industry-proven technology for efficient exploitation of tight reservoirs. This study evaluated the technology by drilling horizontal wells through acid fracturing the low permeability gas reservoirs of a lower cretaceous carbonate formation, located onshore Abu Dhabi. 1D Geomechanical modeling was critical in determining fracturing strategy. Containment of fracture height growth was the most critical aspect of the fracturing process, as the target units were stacked within heavily depleted reservoirs. The challenge was that the rock strength, poroelastic behavior and stress paths vary significantly through the various formations overlying/underlying to target reservoirs. In addition, the depositional nature of the target reservoirs meant inherent variations in rock mechanical properties. Hence, a continuous profile of in-situ stresses and other rock mechanical properties was essentially mandatory for addressing the challenges for optimal placement of the horizontal drain hole and assessing fracture height growth.
Existing rock mechanical measurements, dipole sonic and image logs, as well as in-situ stress measurements were reviewed for 400ft (TVD) interval above and below the target reservoirs. Significant data gathering was managed in the vertical pilot hole of the first well to fill data gaps. A custom-built workflow was performed for 1D Geomechanical modeling in the first well, integrating poroelastic modelling with failure models. The study integrated drilling-induced and production-induced Geomechanical aspects into the 1D stress profile, including depletion-induced poroelasticity, shear anisotropy, and rock mechanical heterogeneity. Wellbore failures observed in vertical pilot hole and the in-situ stress measurements from offset wells were used for validating 1D Geomechanical model.
This work resulted in a rigorous 1D-stress profile that contributed to initial fracture modelling, whilst de-risking the fracture height growth into the depleted reservoirs and optimizing the choice of drain hole location within sub-units of the target reservoirs. The fracture gradient and breakdown pressures derived from 1D stress profile were found to be in very close agreement with that measured from the minifrac conducted in vertical pilot hole of the first well.
This paper presents a purpose-driven workflow designed specifically for these circumstances. The merit of the workflow lies in its systematic and methodical approach, providing solutions to various Geomechanical problems relevant to the target reservoirs, as well as the depleted reservoirs above and below. The results are beneficial for analogous fields where hydraulic fracturing is required to improve recovery of low permeability reservoirs in mature fields
Conceptual Study of New Type of Demulsifier for Low Cost Crude Oil Dehydration
Authors: Arayachukiat Sunatda , Piromchart Taradon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With conventional technique for crude oil dehydration, demulsifying agent or "Demulsifier" is used to separate oil, water and emulsion layers at a certain temperature condition. By this method, it leads to demulsifier loss in a crude oil product. The new concept of the dehydration is to recycle and reuse the demulsifer with minimal investment. With this concept, carbonate-based ionic liquids (CBILs) will be used as a demulsifier to separate emulsions and water in oil, resulting in a decrease in OPEX from demulsifier injection. In addition, CBILs represent versatile, green and easy-to-prepare chemicals. Laboratory test results show that the emulsion between oil and water is able to break within 15 minutes at 60°C which is comparable to conventional demulsifier. Moreover, the cost of CBILs is lower than conventional demulsifier. Therefore, this chemical is proved to be more attractive.