bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ДИАГНОСТИРОВАНИЕ В ЖИЗНЕННОМ ЦИКЛЕ ИЗОЛИРУЮЩИХ СТЫКОВ РЕЛЬСОВЫХ ЦЕПЕЙ
Authors: Тарасов Евгений Михайлович , Надежкин Вадим Александрович 
Published: December 2024

Рассматривается концепция жизненного цикла оборудования. Оценивание технического состояния на различных этапах жизненного цикла может не только определять состояние, но и продлевать срок его эксплуатации оборудования. Предлагаются новые подходы к техническому обслуживанию и ремонту оборудования с использованием систем диагностирования и оценки фактического состояния, чтобы обеспечить более надежную и экономичную эксплуатацию оборудования на протяжении всего его жизненного цикла. Для этого необходимы более точные и надежные подходы к оценке состояния изолирующих стыков (ИС). Развивающиеся системы диагностирования играют важную роль в этом процессе, позволяя обнаруживать дефекты на ранних стадиях и уменьшать затраты и риски возникновения аварийных ситуаций. Авторы проводят анализ изменения жизненного цикла ИС при применении стратегии планово-предупредительного ремонта и стратегии обслуживания по фактическому состоянию (применения непрерывного диагностирования).
The article discusses the concept of equipment life cycle. The authors point out that assessing the technical condition of equipment at various stages of its life cycle can not only determine the condition, but also extend its service life. The article proposes new approaches to the maintenance and repair of equipment using diagnostic systems and assessment of the actual condition to ensure more reliable and economical operation of equipment throughout its entire life cycle. This requires more accurate and reliable approaches to assessing the condition of insulating joints (IS). Developing diagnostic systems play an important role in this process, making it possible to detect defects at early stages and reduce costs and risks of emergency situations. The authors analyze changes in the life cycle of an IS when applying a preventive maintenance strategy and a maintenance strategy based on actual condition (using continuous diagnostics).
НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ ПРОДУКЦИИ ТРАНСПОРТА
Authors: Леонтьев Рудольф Георгиевич , Балалаев Сергей Александрович 
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются различные подходы к определению продукции транспорта: классический марксистский подход, подход школы постиндустриальной экономики, подход со стороны новой институциональной экономической теории. Применен метод анализа трансакционных издержек.
The article describes the next different ways to define transport production: classic Marxism, postindustrial economics, new institutional economics. Transaction cost analysis method was applied.
О ПРИМЕНЕНИИ НЕЛИНЕЙНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ В КВАДРАТУРНОМ ПРИЕМНИКЕ СИГНАЛОВ АЛСН
Authors: Хохрин Алексей Сергеевич , Юсупов Руслан Рифович 
Published: December 2024

Задача снижения влияния помех на устойчивость работы на железных дорогах канала автоматической локомотивной сигнализации непрерывного типа АЛСН остается актуальной. Предложены варианты квадратурного приемника сигналов АЛСН с нелинейным преобразованием. Для подавления импульсных помех предложено использовать комбинированный подавитель помех, представляющий собой комбинацию попеременно работающих схемы ШОУ и схемы бланкирования. Для борьбы с гармоническими помехами представляется целесообразным применение блока с автоматически регулируемой зоной нечувствительности. Разработаны функциональные схемы квадратурных приемников с нелинейным преобразованием и их имитационные модели, обозначено направление их экспериментального исследования.
The task of reducing the influence of interference on the stability of the operation of the automatic locomotive signaling channel of the continuous type ALSN remains relevant. The article suggests variants of a quadrature receiver of ALSN signals with a nonlinear transformation. To suppress pulse interference, it is proposed to use a combined interference suppressor, which is a combination of alternately operating SHOU circuits and blanking circuits. To combat harmonic interference, it seems appropriate to use a block with an automatically adjustable dead zone. Functional schemes of quadrature receivers with nonlinear transformation and their simulation models are developed, the direction of their experimental research is indicated.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПЕРЕВОЗОК НЕФТЕПРОДУКТОВ АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫМ ТРАНСПОРТОМ В ПРОЕКТИРУЕМЫХ ЦЕПЯХ ПОСТАВОК
Authors: Гусев Сергей Александрович , Куверин Игорь Юрьевич , Хилюк Юрий Алексеевич , Гусева Инна Андреевна 
Published: December 2024

Проведен анализ существующих подходов к организации процесса перевозок нефтепродуктов и применяемых моделей и методов в системе управления поставками нефтепродуктов от мест производства до потребления. Исследуются вопросы проектирования цепочки поставок нефтепродуктов при наличии вероятности дефицита при разработке тактических решений, минимизирующие общую стоимость цепочки поставок и снижающие риск поставки продукции потребителям. Предложена модель управления поставками при наличии ожидаемых сбоев, с определением величины возможных потерь от отсутствия нефтепродуктов и учетом транзитного потенциала существующей транспортной системы.
An analysis of existing approaches to organizing the process of transporting petroleum products and the models and methods used in the system for managing the supply of petroleum products from production sites to consumption was carried out. The design of a petroleum products supply chain in the presence of potential shortages is explored while developing tactical solutions that minimize the overall cost of the supply chain and reduce the risk of supplying products to consumers. A supply management model is proposed in the presence of expected failures, with the determination of the magnitude of possible losses from the lack of petroleum products and taking into account the transit potential of the existing transport system.
РЕЗЕРВЫ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ РЕСУРСО-ДОБЫВАЮЩЕГО КОМПЛЕКСА
Authors: Лебедев Евгений Александрович , Кочегура Денис Юрьевич , Соскова Валерия Витальевна 
Published: December 2024

В статье приведены результаты использования технологического транспорта ресурсодобывающего комплекса. Обращено внимание на необходимость планирования транспортно-технологического обеспечения в единстве с производственными процессами ресурсо-добывающего комплекса. Графически показано наличие значительных неиспользованных резервов и направление их реализации.
The article presents the results of the use of technological transport of the RDK. Attention is drawn to the need to plan transport and technological support in unity with the production processes of the RDK. The presence of significant unused reserves and the direction of their implementation are graphically shown.
ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМ ГРУЗОВЫХ АВИАПЕРЕВОЗОК В ПЕРИОД МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ САНКЦИЙ
Authors: Курбатова Анна Владимировна , Зайченко Екатерина Александровна 
Published: December 2024

В статье дается оценка современного состояния грузовых авиаперевозок в России, которое сложилось в результате введения международных санкций, рассмотрены тенденции развития грузовых авиаперевозок, выявлены основные проблемы и сформулированы возможные пути их решения, дана оценка их эффективности и возможных рисков.
The article provides an assessment of the current state of air cargo transportation in Russia, which has developed as a result of the introduction of international sanctions, examines the trends in the development of air cargo transportation, identifies the main problems and formulates possible solutions, assesses their effectiveness and possible risks.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И РАЗРАБОТКИ В СФЕРЕ АВТОМОБИЛЬНОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. ЧАСТЬ 5. РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ КОНЦЕПЦИЙ
Authors: Грушников Виктор Александрович 
Published: December 2024

Совершенствование экологической безопасности автомобильного транспорта обеспечивается внедрением в практику его эксплуатации многочисленных инноваций, являющихся результатами исследований и разработок, направленных на повышение конкурентоспособности продукции автомобилестроения, техникоэксплуатационные характеристики которых регламентируются прогрессивными и перспективными нормативными документами.
Improving the environmental safety of road transport is ensured by the introduction into practice of its operation of numerous innovations, which are the results of research and development aimed at increasing the competitiveness of automotive products, the technical and operational characteristics of which are regulated by progressive and promising regulatory documents
АСПЕКТЫ АВТОМОБИЛЬНОЙ И АВТОТРАНСПОРТНОЙ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОСТИ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ. ЭЛЕКТРИФИЦИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДВИЖНОЙ СОСТАВ
Authors: Грушников Виктор Александрович 
Published: December 2024

Техническая и эксплуатационная безопасность автомобильного транспорта складывается из нескольких компонентов и аспектов, а ее оценка строится на использовании как дифференциальных с разнонаправленными векторами, так и комплексных интегральных критериев. Рассмотрим эту проблему на примере электрифицированного подвижного состава автомобильного транспорта.
The technical and operational safety of road transport consists of several components and aspects, and its assessment is based on the use of both differential with multidirectional vectors and complex integral criteria. Let's consider this problem using the example of electrified rolling stock of road transport.
РАЗВИТИЕ ИНТЕГРИРОВАННЫХ ПЛАТФОРМ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ТРАНСПОРТА В КИТАЕ
Authors: Сяокунь Ли 
Published: December 2024

Интегрированная платформа общественного транспорта, использующая информацию больших данных, информацию о прибытии в реальном времени и другую техническую поддержку, основанную на возможностях искусственного интеллекта и карте поездок больших данных, через расчет планирования оптимальной схемы планирования общественного транспорта в различных сценариях, основанных на городских автобусных маршрутах, остановках BRT (Bus Rapid Transit), автобусах реального времени, заторов и других статических и динамических данных. Система важна для достижения двустороннего обмена данными безопасности, чтобы обеспечить своевременное и эффективное их использование. Необходимо построить сервис для пассажиров, поддерживать запрос динамической информации об автобусах, интегрировать информацию о дорожном движении и данные о режиме и пути движения, расширить сценарий применения устойчивой энергии в области транспорта.
Public transportation integration platform using big data information, real-time arrival information and other technical support based on artificial intelligence capabilities and big data travel map, through the calculation of planning the optimal public transportation planning scheme in various scenarios based on urban bus routes, BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) stops, real-time buses, traffic jams and other static data and dynamic data. Building to achieve two-way security data exchange, to ensure timely and efficient data. Build passenger service, support the request of dynamic bus information, integrate traffic information and mode and path data, expand the sustainable energy application scenario in the field of transportation.
ТРАНСПОРТАБЕЛЬНОСТЬ СЫПУЧИХ МЕЛКОДИСПЕРСНЫХ ГРУЗОВ
Authors: Архипенко Андрей Валентинович , Лозовецкий Вячеслав Владимирович 
Published: December 2024

Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований вибротранспортирования мелкодисперсных насыпных грузов, в виде регрессионных и графических зависимостей скорости виброперемещения от параметров колебаний. Выполнен их анализ и сравнение с транспортированием одномассной упруго-вязкопластичной модели виброслоя материала. Обосновано, что транспортабельность сыпучих мелкодисперсных грузов зависит, в основном, от параметров колебаний виброслоя, высоты слоя, гранулометрического состава материала, коэффициента трения материала по стали и соотношения между высотой виброслоя материала и углом наклона виброповерхности. Установлено, что среднее эффективное значение давления газа под слоем мелкодисперсного груза, типа дробленой извести имеет отрицательные значения. Критерий подобия массообменных процессов Шваба, наряду с коэффициентом режима работы, позволяет достаточно точно охарактеризовать динамическое состояние системы сыпучий груз - транспортирующая машина. Выявлено, что наибольшее влияние на динамические параметры виброперемещения, оказывает скорость колебаний виброповерхности, причем, и наиболее благоприятна большая амплитуда при низкой частоте колебаний грузонесущего органа.
The results of experimental studies of vibration transportation of fine bulk cargoes are presented in the form of regression and graphical dependences of the vibration displacement rate on the vibration parameters. Their analysis and comparison with the transportation of a single-mass elastic-visco-plastic model of the vibratory layer of the material is performed. It is proved that the transportability of bulk fine-dispersed cargoes depends mainly on the vibration parameters of the vibrating bed, the height of the layer, the granulometric composition of the material, the coefficient of friction of the material on steel and the ratio between the height of the vibrating bed of the material and the angle of inclination of the vibrating surface. It has been established that the average effective value of the gas pressure under a layer of finely dispersed cargo, such as crushed lime, has negative values. The criterion of similarity of Schwab's mass transfer processes, along with the coefficient of operation mode, allows us to accurately characterize the dynamic state of the bulk cargo - transporting machine system. It is revealed that the greatest influence on the dynamic parameters of vibration displacement is exerted by the vibration velocity of the vibration surface, moreover, and the most favorable is the large amplitude at a low vibration frequency of the load-bearing organ.
Molecular characterization of Orientia tsutsugamushi serotypes causing scrub typhus outbreak in southern region of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Usha K. , Kumar E. , Kalawat Usha , Kumar B. Siddhartha , Chaudhury A. , Gopal D. V. R. Sai 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:
Scrub typhus is a vector-borne zoonotic infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Local epidemiology of the circulating serotypes of scrub typhus is not available from most parts of India. We conducted this study for the diagnosis of scrub typhus using IgM ELISA and to detect O. tsutsugamushi serotypes circulating in southern Andhra Pradesh, India.

Methods:
Samples were collected from patients clinically suspected to have scrub typhus and were subjected to IgM ELISA to measure IgM antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed targeting strain-specific regions in ELISA-positive samples.

Results:
Of a total of 663 samples, 258 (38.91%) were found to be positive by IgM ELISA. Serotypes could be detected in 230 (34.69%) samples only. Only two serotypes, Karp and Kawasaki, were found in the serum samples, with the former being predominant. The dual infection of Karp and Kawasaki serotypes was found in seven patients. Other serotypes such as Gilliam, Kuroki and Kato were not detected in the samples.

Interpretation & conclusion:
The nested PCR products proved useful in presumptively identifying the endemic O. tsutsugamushi serotypes. The present study could be significant in understanding scrub typhus epidemiology in this region.
Antibacterial nanosilver coated orthodontic bands with potential implications in dentistry
Authors: Prabha Rahul Damodaran , Kandasamy Rajasigamani , Sivaraman U. Sajeev , Nandkumar Maya A. , Nair Prabha D. 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:
Fixed orthodontic treatment, an indispensable procedure in orthodontics, necessitates insertion of dental bands. Insertion of band material could also introduce a site of plaque retention. It was hypothesized that band materials with slow-release antimicrobial properties could help in sustained infection control, prevention of dental plaque formation and further associated health risks. Considering the known antimicrobial proprieties of silver, a coating of silver nanoparticle (SNP) onto the stainless steel bands was done and characterized for its beneficial properties in the prevention of plaque accumulation.

Methods:
Coatings of SNPs on conventional stainless steel dental bands were prepared using thermal evaporation technology. The coated dental bands were characterized for their physicochemical properties and evaluated for antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility. The physiochemical characterization of band material both coated and uncoated was carried out using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy, atomic force microscopyand contact angle test. Biocompatibility tests for coated band material were carried using L929 mouse fibroblast cell culture and MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. Antimicrobial activity of coated band material against Gram-positive bacteria was tested.

Results:
A stable and uniform coating of SNPs was obtained. The coated band materials were biocompatible as well as possessed distinct antimicrobial activity.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The SNP coated dental bands could be potential antimicrobial dental bands for future clinical use. Further studies need to be done to validate the efficiency of coated band materials in oral environments.
Evaluation of the effects of omega-3 & interferon alpha-2b administration on partial bladder outlet obstruction in a rat model
Authors: Firat Fatih , Uluocak Nihat , Erdemir Fikret , Atilgan Dogan , Markoc Fatma , Parlaktas Bekir Suha , Yasar Adem 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:
In bladder outlet obstruction-induced rat models, the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and collagen ratios have been shown to be increased. Increased TGF-β leads to fibrosis. In this study, the effect of omega-3 and interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b) was investigated on oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in bladder structure in a partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) rat model.

Methods:
A total of 35 male Wistar albino rats, weighing 300-350 g, were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into five groups. At the end of the experimental period, bladders were harvested from all the rats, and pathological analysis of the rat bladder tissues was performed. In addition, investigations were carried out with enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems to study the antioxidant properties of omega-3 fatty acid and IFN alpha-2b.

Results:
Increased bladder weight in the PBOO group, in comparison to the control group, was decreased by the administration of omega-3 and IFN α-2b (P=0.002). Significantly higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were detected in group 2 in comparison to the control group. It was also detected that serum SOD, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly higher in group 2 when compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the pathologic evaluation, group 2 showed significantly increased inflammation and fibrosis compared to the control group. Omega-3 treatment significantly decreased inflammation. It was shown that IFN α-2b application partially decreased inflammation.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The results of the present study showed that in addition to the standard primary approaches to prevent the damage to the upper urinary tract secondary to PBOO, omega-3 fatty acid and IFN α-2b could be beneficial as adjunct treatment in clinical practice. However, this needs to be further investigated with prospective, randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes.
Long-term outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae & third generation cephalosporin use in a neonatal intensive care unit in north India
Authors: Banerjee Tuhina , Bhattacharjee Amitabha , Upadhyay Supriya , Mishra Shweta , Tiwari Karuna , Anupurba Shampa , Sen Malay Ranjan , Basu Sriparna , Kumar Ashok 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:
The indiscriminate use of third generation cephalosporin has contributed to the emergence and widespread dissemination of extended spectrum β lactamases (ESBL) genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study was undertaken to elaborate the genetic behaviour of ESBL - producing K. pneumoniae isolates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary care hospital in north India causing successive outbreaks in context with empirical third generation cephalosporin use.

Methods:
Isolates of K. pneumoniae (43 from blood, 3 from pus and endotracheal tube, 4 from environment) causing successive outbreaks in the NICU of a tertiary care university hospital were studied for two years. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination by agar dilution methods. ESBL production was determined by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Clonal relatedness among the isolates was studied by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). Genetic environment of these isolates was assessed by the presence of integrons and gene cassettes. Transformation experiments were done, and plasmids of these isolates were characterized by stability testing and incompatibility testing. Subsequently, a change in the ongoing antibiotic policy was adopted, and corresponding changes in the behaviour of these isolates studied.

Results:
During the period from August 2011 to January 2013, 46 isolates of monoclonal ESBL K. pneumoniae were obtained from different neonates and four similar environmental isolates were studied. Multidrug-resistant ESBL isolates harboured both bla
CTXM-15 and bla
SHV-5. The dfr and aac-6’ resistant genes were found in gene cassettes. A 50 kb plasmid belonging to IncFIIA group was detected in all the isolates which was transferable and stable. The emergence and regression of the outbreaks coincided with antibiotic usage in the NICU, with widespread empirical use of cefotaxime being responsible for their persistence in the environment.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The study indicates that empirical use of third generation cephalosporins may promote the emergence, persistence, and dissemination of resistant isolates in the hospital environment. Periodic review of antibiotic policy is necessary for rationalized use of antibiotics.
Prognostic significance of plasma matrix metalloprotease-2 in pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Singh Nidhi , Gupta Surabhi , Pandey Ravindra M. , Sahni Peush , Chauhan Shyam S. , Saraya Anoop 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:
Pancreatic cancer has a propensity for wide stromal invasion. Matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) is a protease that degrades the peri-tumoural tissue and helps in tumour dissemination. Thus, this study was aimed to assess any association of plasma MMP-2 levels with clinicopathological parameters and survival of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Methods:
Plasma samples from 127 pancreatic cancer patients were analyzed for MMP-2 levels by ELISA. Survival and other clinicopathological parameters of patients were analyzed for any correlation with plasma MMP-2 levels.

Results:
The mean MMP-2 levels in pancreatic cancer patients were 560.3±222.0 ng/ml which were significantly elevated compared to chronic pancreatitis patients (P<0.001) and healthy individuals (P<0.05). The plasma levels of MMP-2 significantly correlated with tissue expression of this protease (P=0.004). However, MMP-2 levels did not exhibit any association either with clinicopathological parameters or with survival.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Elevated MMP-2 levels were observed in blood of pancreatic cancer patients which correlated with its tissue expression. However, these levels did not associate with survival or any clinicopathological parameters of patients. Further studies need to be done to confirm the prognostic/clinical significance of MMP-2 in cancer patients before and after surgery.