bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Physical Activity and Counselling Interventions on Health Outcomes among Working Women in Shanghai: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Hongying , Xiao Yi , Ren Xiaoling , Zhang Pei , Lu MiaoMiao , Zhang Tao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background：Working women in Shanghai are a special group with a high risk of suffering work stress and burnout. They were disturbed by the work-family conflicts, which resulted in lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL), higher job stress and burnout. This study evaluated the potential physical activity and counselling intervention effects on health outcomes of working women in Shanghai participating in a group- or an individual-based physical activity and counselling intervention compared to a control group.Methods：Participants were randomly recruited from eight communities of Shanghai using the stratified cluster sampling method. A sample of 121 female workers was used in this study. They were randomly divided into three groups: a control group and two intervention groups (individual-based and group-based intervention). The two intervention groups accepted 12-week moderate physical activity and counselling intervention. Subjective perceptions of work stress, burnout, and HRQoL were measured before and after the intervention. Results：In the control group, no significant difference was found between participants for stress (p = 0.752) and burnout (p = 0.622) before and after the experiment. However, the HRQoL value decreased after the experiment, with the mean value falling from 91.59 to 87.10. After the experiment, the values of stress and burnout decreased, and the value of HRQoL increased in the two intervention groups. At the intervention’s completion, there were significant differences compared the two intervention groups to the control group separately regarding changes in burnout and HRQoL (all p < 0.01). For stress, the group-based intervention group exhibited a significant difference compared to the control group (p < 0.01), while the individual-based intervention group did not exhibit a significant difference compared to the control group (p = 0.128).Conclusion: Physical activity and counselling intervention delivered either in a group or individual format could reduce burnout and improve HRQoL of working women in Shanghai, and the group interventions were more effective than those targeted at individuals.
Low serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, and body mass are risk factors for frailty in elderly people with diabetes – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yanase Toshihiko , Yanagita Ikumi , Fujihara Yuya , Iwaya Chikayo , Kitajima Yuichi , Tajima Misuzu , Honda Masanao , Teruya Yuji , Asakawa Hideko , Ito Tomoko , Eda Terumi , Yamaguchi Noriko , Kayashima Yumi , Yoshimoto Mihoko , Harada Mayumi , Yoshimoto Shoji , Aida Eiji , Nawata Hajime , Muta Kazuo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Relatively low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and high cortisol/DHEA ratio have been suggested to be associated with frailty as evaluated using a physical scale. However, the significance of these two hormones for frailty in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been assessed using a wider range of measures of frailty, including physical, mental, and social indices.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the significance of these two hormones for frailty in elderly T2DM patients (n=148; ≥65 years), using a broad assessment, the clinical frailty scale, and to reevaluate the risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients. We compared parameters between the non-frail and frail groups using the unpaired t and Mann-Whitney U tests. The Jonckheere-Therpstra test was used to identify relationships with the severity of frailty and risk factors were identified using binary regression analysis.Results: Simple regression analysis identified a number of significant risk factors for frailty, including DHEAS <70 µg/dL and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio ≥0.2. Multiple regression analysis showed that low albumin (<4.0 g/dl) (odds ratio [OR]=5.79, p<0.001), low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity (<25 IU/L) (OR=4.34, p=0.009), and low body mass (BM) (<53 kg) (OR=3.85, p=0.012) were independent risk factors for frailty. A significant decrease in DHEA-S and a significant increase in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio occurred alongside increases in the severity of frailty. DHEA-S concentration positively correlated with both serum albumin and BM.Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia, low AST, and low BM are independent risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients, strongly implying relative malnutrition in these frail patients. DHEA-S may be important for the maintenance of liver function and BM. A decrease in DHEA-S and an increase in the cortisol/DHEAS ratio may be involved in the mechanism of the effect of malnutrition in elderly T2DM patients. trial registration number: UMIN (number 000031357)
Ultrasound guided minimally invasive autopsies: combining imaging and pathology to characterize the systemic involvement of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Monteiro Renata Aparecida de Almeida , Duarte-Neto Amaro Nunes , Silva Luiz Fernando Ferraz da , Mauad Thais , Theodoro-Filho Jair , Oliveira Ilka Regina Souza de , Saldiva Paulo Hilario do Nascimento , Dolhnikoff Marisa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Post mortem tissue sampling is of paramount importance to conduct in-situ and molecular studies of COVID-19. Ultrasound-based minimally invasive autopsies (MIA/US) is an inexpensive procedure to obtain tissue samples of several organs and, at the same time, reduce the risks of the autopsy procedure in situations of high contagiousness. The images obtained by ultrasound are good enough to localize and orient the sampling, and to select the most affected areas within each organ. The amount of tissue sampled is adequate for histological and molecular studies and microorganism identification, and delivers information within a rapid time window. The combination of the aforementioned aspects may extend the possibility of conducting autopsies in different parts of the world, perhaps helping to understand local characteristics of COVID-19 infections, within an extended range of genetic, social and economic diversity.
Articular cartilage and bone changes following treatment of focal osteochondral defects in the femoral head with polyether ether ketone implants versus cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy implants: assessment in a goat model
Authors: Yuan Zhiguo , Zhang Wei , Meng Xiangchao , Zhang Jue , TengLong Teng , Zhao Yaochao , Yang Chunxi , Lin Ruixin , Yue Bing , Wang You 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective : This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of applying defect-size polyether ether ketone (PEEK) implant for the treatment of localized osteochondral defects in the femoral head and compared it with cobalt chromium molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy implant. Methods : A femoral head osteochondral defect model was created in the left hips of goats (n=12). Defects were randomly treated by immediate placement of a PEEK (n=6) or CoCrMo implant (n=6). The un-operated right hip joints served as a control. Goats were sacrificed at 12 weeks. The hip joints were evaluated by gross appearance, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Periprosthetic cartilage quality and the opposing cartilage (at the acetabular) quality were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. Implant osseointegration was measured by micro-CT and histomorphometry. Results : Radiography revealed that all implants had good overall placement, without loosening of the implant. The modified macroscopic articular evaluation score in the PEEK group was lower than that in the CoCrMo group (p<0.05), and the histological score of the periprosthetic and acetabular cartilage in the PEEK group was lower than that in the CoCrMo group (P<0.05). The mean bone-implant contact for PEEK implants was comparable with that for CoCrMo alloy implants at 12 weeks. Conclusions : A PEEK implant for the treatment of local osteochondral defect in the femoral head demonstrated effective fixation and superior in vivo cartilage protection compared with an identical CoCrMo alloy implant.
A transient CRISPR/Cas9 expression system for genome editing in Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Shaw Sebastian , Knüsel Sebastian , Hoenner Sarah , Roditi Isabel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveGeneration of knockouts and in situ tagging of genes in Trypanosoma brucei has been greatly facilitated by using CRISPR/Cas9 as a genome editing tool. To date, this has entailed using a limited number of cell lines that are stably transformed to express Cas9 and T7 RNA polymerase (T7RNAP). It would be desirable, however, to be able to use CRISPR/Cas9 for any cell line.ResultsWe describe a sequential transfection expression system that enables transient expression of the two proteins, followed by delivery of PCR products for gRNAs and repair templates. This procedure can be used for genome editing without the need for stable integration of the Cas9 and T7RNAP genes.
A Significant association between CXCL10 -1447 A&gt;G and IL18 -607 C&gt;A gene polymorphisms with Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM-TSP), a case-control report from city of Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Rafatpanah Houshang , Poursina Zohreh , Marzouni Hadi Zare , Atabaki Mahdi , Farid-Hosseini Reza , Tavakkol-Afshari Jalil , Mohammadi Mojgan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The authors have removed this preprint from Research Square.
Short-term Outcomes after High Tibial Osteotomy Aimed at Neutral Alignment Combined with Arthroscopic Centralization of Medial Meniscus in Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Katagiri Hiroki , Nakagawa Yusuke , Miyatake Kazumasa , Otabe Koji , Ohara Toshiyuki , Shioda Mikio , Sekiya Ichiro , Koga Hideyuki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose To improve long-term outcomes of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO), procedures combining OWHTO aimed at neutral alignment and arthroscopic centralization for meniscal extrusion have been introduced. The purpose of the present study was to compare short-term clinical and radiological outcomes of medial joint space width (JSW) after the OWHTO aimed at neutral alignment with and without arthroscopic centralization for an extruded medial meniscus. Methods A retrospective review of 50 primary OWHTO patients was conducted. Thirty-five patients included for analysis after exclusion criteria was applied. Twenty-one knee osteoarthritis patients, who underwent the OWHTO with arthroscopic meniscal centralization, were included in the centralization group. Fourteen patients, who underwent solely OWHTO, were included in the control group. Lysholm knee scale, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score, Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and patient subjective satisfaction scores were recorded at the final follow-up. Radiographic changes of JSW and joint line congruence angle (JLCA) were measured 2 years postoperatively. Patient demographic data were also reviewed. Results IKDC subjective scores, KOOS subgroup scores, patient subjective satisfaction scores, and Lysholm score did not show significant differences between the two groups at the final follow-up. Change of the JSW in the centralization group was significantly greater than that in the control group 2 years postoperatively (Control group: -0.1 mm, Centralization group: 0.8 mm P =0.03). Conclusion Change of JSW after OWHTO aimed at neutral alignment with arthroscopic centralization for extruded medial meniscus was greater than solely OWHTO, and there was no significant difference in the short-term clinical outcomes between the 2 procedures at the final follow-up.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 and establishment of a disease risk prediction model
Authors: Fan Tao , Hao Bo , Yang Shuo , Shen Bo , Huang Zhixin , Lu Zilong , Xiong Rui , Shen Xiaokang , Jiang Wenyang , Zhang Lin , Li Donghang , He Ruyuan , Meng Heng , Lin Weichen , Feng Haojie , Geng Qing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is spreading worldwide. No specific medicine has been used for the treatment of coronavirus infections. The aim of this study is to establish a new risk predictive model to screen potential critical patients for early intervention.Methods: In this study, Clinical characteristics were collected and analyzed from 317 confirmed cases of COVID-19. A total of 175 of the 317 cases with detailed examination results were included to establish models for predicting the risk of disease progression. Major independent risk factors were incorporated into MuLBSTA model to establish new models for predicting critical risk. We further tracked 25 mild or moderate patients with COVID-19 to research dynamic changes of the major independent risk factors in COVID-19 progression.Results: The average age of all of the 317 patients was 47.76 (SD 17.22). A total of 48 (15.14%) were diagnosed with mild disease with a median age of 34(39.29±13.04), 116(36.59%) were diagnosed with moderate disease with a median age of 34(38.78±12.32), 38(11.99%) were diagnosed as severe with a median age of 56(58.24±15.12), and 115(36.28) were diagnosed as critical with a median age of 59(56.89+17.09). The most common symptom at onset of illness were fever(211[66.56%] patients). Age>50, CK>64, CD4≤461, and CD8≤241 were predicted to be major independent risk factors that could promote COVID-19 progression. Compared with the MuLBSTA model, the predictive ability of the CD4-CD8-MuLBSTA model and the CD4-MuLBSTA model were improved by 11.87% and 11.79%, respectively. In the prospective study, CK value began to show significant differences from day13. The average CD4 in Severe Group began to decline significantly on the fourth day, and the CD8 maintained a relatively low level in the Severe Group after day13.Conclusions: Severe COVID-19 patients were significantly older than non-severe patients. Immune systems of severe COVID-19 patients were significantly suppressed, and advanced age(>50 years), low levels of CD4(≤461) or CD8(≤241) was important clinical manifestations of rapid deterioration. CK values in severe COVID-19 patients were significantly higher than in no severe patients. CD4 and CD8 were incorporated into the MuLBSTA to establish a new model, which is an ideal risk prediction model for COVID-19 patients.
DNA Methylation Data-based Molecular Subtype Classification Related to the Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: He Hui , Chen Di , Yi Dehui , Cheng Ying , Wang Xun , Ye Peng , Jin Shi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: DNA methylation is one of most frequently occurring molecular behaviours that occurs early during the complicated carcinogenesis process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: In this study, 348 samples were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and analysed to mine the specific DNA methylation sites that affect the prognosis of HCC patients.Results: The 10699 selected CpG sites (CpGs) that were markedly correlated with patient prognosis were used for consistent clustering of the samples into 7 subgroups, and the samples in each subgroup varied in terms of race, age, tumour stage, receptor status, histological type, metastasis status and patient prognosis. In addition, the level of methylation sites in each subgroup were calculated, and 119 methylation sites (corresponding to 105 genes) were screened as the intra-subgroup-specific methylation sites. Moreover, genes in the corresponding promoter regions in which the above specific methylation sites were located were subjected to signalling pathway enrichment analysis, and it was discovered that these genes were enriched in the bio-logical pathways that were reported to be closely correlated with HCC. Additionally, the subsequent transcription factor enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in the transcription factor KROX. A prognosis prediction mod-el for HCC patients was constructed using the naive Bayesian classification model, and the training and test datasets were used for independent verification and testing.Conclusions: This classification method based on specific DNA methylation sites can well reflect the heterogeneity of HCC tissues and contributes to developing individualized treatments and accurately predicting patient prognosis.
Identification of a costimulatory molecule-based signature for predicting prognosis risk and immunotherapy response in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Chaoqi , Zhang Zhihui , Sun Nan , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Guochao , Wang Feng , Luo Yuejun , Che Yun , He Jie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Costimulatory molecules play significant roles in mounting anti-tumor immune responses, and antibodies targeting these molecules are recognized as promising adjunctive cancer immunotherapies. Here, we aim to conduct a first full-scale exploration of costimulatory molecules from the B7-CD28 and TNF families in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and generated a costimulatory molecule-based signature (CMS) to predict survival and response to immunotherapy. Methods We enrolled 1549 LUAD cases across 10 different cohorts and included 502 samples from TCGA for discovery. The validation set included 970 cases from eight different Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and 77 frozen tumor tissues with qPCR data. The underlying mechanisms and predictive immunotherapy capabilities of the CMS were also explored. Results A five gene-based CMS (CD40LG, TNFRSF6B, TNFSF13, TNFRSF13C, and TNFRSF19) was initially constructed using the bioinformatics method from TCGA that classifies cases as high- vs. low-risk groups per OS. Multivariable Cox regression analysis confirmed that the CMS was an independent prognostic factor. As expected, CMS exhibited prognostic significance in the stratified cohorts and different validation cohorts. Additionally, the prognostic meta-analysis revealed that CMS was superior to the previous signature. Samples in high- and low-risk groups exhibited significantly different tumor-infiltrating leukocytes and inflammatory activities. Importantly, we found that signature high-risk patients were optimal candidates for immunotherapy. Conclusion We conducted the first and most comprehensive costimulatory molecule landscape analysis of patients with LUAD and built a clinically feasible CMS for prognosis and immunotherapy response prediction, which will be helpful for further optimize immunotherapies for cancer.
Ileal proteomic changes associated with IL-25-mediated resistance against intestinal trematode infections
Authors: Álvarez-Izquierdo María , Esteban J. Guillermo , Muñoz-Antoli Carla , Toledo Rafael 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) is an intestinal trematode, which has been widely employed to investigate the factors determining the rejection of intestinal helminths. In this sense, several studies have shown that IL-25 is essential for the development of resistance against E. caproni in mice. In fact, treatment of mice with recombinant IL-25 generates resistance against primary E. caproni infection. However, the mechanisms by which IL-25 induces resistance remain unknown.Methods: To study the mechanisms responsible for resistance elicited by IL-25, we analyze the ileal proteomic changes induced by IL-25 in mice and their potential role in resistance. To this purpose, we compare the protein expression profiles in the ileum of four experimental groups of mice: naïve controls; E. caproni-infected mice; rIL-25-treated mice; and rIL-25-treated mice exposed to E. caproni metacercariae.Results: Quantitative comparison by 2D-DIGE showed significant changes in a total of 41 spots. Forty of those spots validated protein spots were were identified by mass spectrometry corresponding to 24 proteins.Conclusions: The analysis of differentially expressed proteins indicates that maintenance of the intestinal epithelial homeostasis and the regulation of proliferation and cell death are the most affected processes that appears to be related to the resistance to infection. These results provide new insights into the proteins involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis after intestinal infection and its transcendence in resistance.
Cognitive remediation group therapy versus mutual aid group therapy: A pilot randomized, controlled trial to determine the feasibility and acceptability of group therapy for people aging with HIV facing cognitive challenges
Authors: Eaton Andrew David , Craig Shelley L. , Rourke Sean B. , Sota Teresa , McCullagh John W. , Fallon Barbara A. , Walmsley Sharon L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is an important comorbidity for people aging with HIV, yet we lack non-medical techniques to address the associated anxiety and stress. Combination psychosocial interventions may have better outcomes than single technique approaches. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and tablet-based Brain Training Activities (BTA) are promising techniques. Using community-based participatory research, our objective was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of group therapy for HIV, aging, and cognition.Methods: A pilot, parallel design, two-arm RCT recruited from a Toronto neurobehavioural research unit. Eligibility criteria included: diagnoses with mild-to-moderate HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), age ≥ 40 years, HIV-positive for 5+ years, and English fluency. Randomization was 1:1 concealed allocation to Cognitive Remediation Group Therapy (Experimental; combination of BTA and MBSR) or Mutual Aid Group Therapy (Control). Primary outcomes were feasibility, measured by recruitment and completion, and acceptability, determined by a satisfaction questionnaire. The secondary outcome was intervention fidelity, assessed via facilitator session reports. Exploratory outcomes were anxiety, stress, coping, and use of mindfulness and brain training activities. Facilitators and analysts were blinded, however participants were not.Results: From 1 April 2018 to 19 March 2019, forty eligible participants were contacted, 12 randomized, and 10 completed the study and were analyzed for outcomes. The trial met its a priori feasibility targets with 30% recruited and 25% completed. At post-intervention, acceptability was 90% in the novel and 85% in the control arm. Assessors confirmed intervention delivery with satisfactory fidelity, with no missing components or significant deviations. Anxiety decreased for all in the novel arm and half of the control. Stress decreased and coping increased for half in both arms. All participants increased and sustained BTA use and half with mindfulness activities. There were no reported study harms.Conclusions: Although the combination of BTA and MBSR proved equal or slightly better to mutual aid therapy on all outcomes, recruitment of people with a formal HAND diagnosis from a single site was challenging. We recommend that future exploration of these techniques broaden to those aging with HIV with cognitive challenges regardless of a formal HAND diagnosis.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03483740. Registered 30 March 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03483740