bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decidual factors and vasoactive intestinal peptide guide monocytes to higher migration, efferocytosis and wound healing in term human pregnancy
Authors: Paparini Daniel Esteban , Grasso Esteban , Fernandez Laura del Carmen , Merech Fátima , Weingrill‐Barbano Rodrigo , Correa‐Silva Simone , Izbizky Gustavo , Abasolo José Ignacio , Hauk Vanesa , Ramhorst Rosanna , Bevilaqcua Estela , Pérez Leirós Claudia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo explore the functional profile of circulating monocytes and decidual macrophages at term human pregnancy and their contribution to tissue repair upon stimulation ex vivo with decidual factors and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).MethodsPeripheral blood monocytes were isolated from pregnant and non‐pregnant volunteers and tested in vitro with decidual explants from term placenta and VIP. The effect of VIP on decidual explants and the effect of its conditioned media on monocytes or decidual macrophages isolated by magnetic beads was carried out by RT‐qPCR and ELISA for cytokines expression and release. Migration assays were performed in transwell systems. Efferocytosis was assessed in monocytes or decidual macrophages with CFSE‐labelled autologous apoptotic neutrophils and quantified by flow cytometry. Monocyte and decidual macrophages wound healing capacity was evaluated using human endometrial stromal cell monolayers. Immunohistochemistry was performed in serial tissue sections of different placentas.ResultsVIP is expressed in the villi as well as in trophoblast giant cells distributed within the decidua of term placenta. VIP induced the expression of antiinflmammatory markers and monocyte chemoattractant CCL2 and CCL3 in decidual tissues. Monocytes presented higher migration towards decidual explants than CD4 and CD8 cells. VIP‐conditioned monocytes displayed an enhanced efferocytosis and wound healing capacity comparable to that of decidual macrophages. Moreover limited efferocytosis of pregnant women monocytes was restored by VIP‐induced decidual factors.ConclusionResults show the conditioning of monocytes by decidual factors and VIP to sustain processes required for tissue repair and homeostasis maintenance in term placenta.
Are older adults insufficiently included in clinical trials?—An umbrella review
Authors: Florisson Sandra , Aagesen Emilie Kørschen , Bertelsen Ann Sophia , Nielsen Lars Peter , Rosholm Jens‐Ulrik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTreatment guidelines are primarily based on randomized clinical trials (RCTs). RCTs tend to some extent to exclude older adults despite the fact that physicians need guidance when treating this patient group. By summarizing existing literature, we aimed to (a) quantify the proportion of RCTs and other clinical studies (CTs) that did not adequately include older adults; (b) identify the main barriers for this non‐inclusion; and (c) identify suggested solution for inclusion of older adults in RCTs and other CTs. In this umbrella review, Embase and PubMed were searched for relevant papers, and 2701 papers were identified. The subsequent screening resulted in 22 papers. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program was used as quality assessment tool to evaluate these 22 papers. We found that: (a) The most frequent outcome designating missing inclusion of older adults was the use of age limit as exclusion criterion in studies—the proportion of this was 10%‐60%; (b) barriers for inclusion were mainly exclusion criteria, logistic challenges and financial constraints; and (c) more extensive inclusion would require more explicit inclusion criteria, merely application of exclusion criteria when absolutely needed, change of researchers’ attitude, further inclusion of supporting relatives to overcome the logistical challenges and more financial funding.
Oral health and academic performance or absenteeism: Findings from a University in Southern Brazil
Authors: Karam Sarah Arangurem , Costa Francine dos Santos , Schwendicke Falk , Correa Marcos Britto , Demarco Flávio Fernando 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the association between oral health conditions and academic performance and absenteeism in university students.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out on a comprehensive sample of 1865 freshman students from the Federal University of Pelotas/Southern Brazil in 2017. A self‐administered questionnaire was applied in the classroom, inquiring about socioeconomic, demographic, psychological, academic characteristics and oral conditions (tooth loss, self‐reported oral health and toothache). For the dependent variables, academic performance was evaluated by the question: ‘How would you describe your academic performance?’ while absenteeism was assessed with the question ‘In the last six months, have you missed some class for dental reasons?’. Multivariable analyses used hierarchical Poisson regression with backward selection.ResultsThe prevalence of low academic performance was 38.6% and absenteeism due to dental reasons 6.2%. The prevalence of toothache and poor self‐perceived oral health was 28% and 20%, respectively. Multivariable analysis found low academic performance to be more prevalent in students with poor self‐perceived oral health (PR 1.46; 95% CI 1.22‐1.77), and absenteeism to be almost six times more prevalent (PR 5.85; 95% CI 3.84‐8.90) in students reporting toothache.ConclusionsPoor oral health is associated with both poor academic performance and absenteeism in university students.
Validity of the Brazilian version of the COPD assessment test in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Flores Mariana Pereira , Arcuri Juliano Ferreira , Carvalho da Silva Marcela Maria , Pires Di Lorenzo Valéria Amorim 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionCOPD Assessment Test (CAT) is a questionnaire defined as one of the main options in the assessment of the impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on patients’ life, according to the Global Initiative on Obstructive Lung Diseases. However, the Consensus‐based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments—COSMIN 2018 has recently determined a correlation coefficient greater than 0.70 and an optimal sample size must have a hundred subjects, hence, validity of the Brazilian version of this instrument is still not yet proven.ObjectiveTo verify the validity of the Brazilian version of the Questionnaire CAT in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, comparing it to the Saint George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and correlate it with other outcomes.Materials and MethodsObservational transversal study with 101 COPD diagnosed subjects who underwent anthropometric data collection, life habits, CAT and SGRQ questionnaires, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale. Spirometry, six‐minute walking test (6MWT) and body mass index, Dyspnoea and exercise capacity (BODE). Each evaluative measure was compared to the total CAT score. The validity was considered for a significant Pearson correlation coefficient (r) greater than 0.7.ResultsIt was observed a strong correlation between the total CAT score and the total SGRQ score (r = 0.703; P < 0.001), as well as moderate correlation with mMRC (r = 0.518; P < 0.001). SGRQ Symptoms (r = 0.627; P < 0.001). SGRQ Activity (r = 0.636; P < 0.001) and SGRQ Impact (r = 0.655; P < 0.001). There were similar correlations between CAT and other variables (6MWT, mMRC and BODE) and SGRQ and the same variables.ConclusionThe CAT questionnaire is a valid, reliable and easy‐to‐use instrument for assessing symptoms and can record the impact of COPD on the patient’s quality of life.
Health literacy of pregnant women and duration of breastfeeding maintenance: A feasibility study
Authors: Vila‐Candel Rafa , Soriano‐Vidal Francisco Javier , Mena‐Tudela Desirée , Quesada José Antonio , Castro‐Sánchez Enrique 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsResearch the association between health literacy (HL) and exclusive breastfeeding at 4‐months postpartum.BackgroundDespite the benefits of breastfeeding (BF), its rates are low worldwide. Among the reasons for abandonment is the level of maternal education. Maternal education has been associated with HL, but evidence between HL and BF maintenance is limited.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThe sample compromised 229 nursing mothers recruited from January 2018 to the end of December 2018 at Spain by systematic sampling method. Women were interviewed postpartum on parameters associated with the start and continuation of BF up to 4 months postpartum. Multivariate logistic regression models to explain exposure variables and exclusive BF cessation at 4 months.ResultsApproximately 10% of the participants had inadequate HL. Factors associated with early cessation of exclusive BF at 4 months in the multivariate model adjusted using a stepwise variable selection process based on a likelihood ratio test were civil status, risk of pregnancy, type of delivery, limited or inadequate level of HL, and LATCH score at discharge, with an 85.6% area under the ROC curve.ConclusionsOur study offers preliminary evidence regarding the hitherto inconsistent relation between HL and early cessation exclusive BF at 4 months, supporting the conduct of further studies with larger sample sizes and greater statistical power. Such studies are warranted before endorsing HL‐based interventions aiming to mitigate early cessation exclusive BF.ImpactLow or inadequate HL is linked to multiple poor health and clinical outcomes. We investigated the prevalence of exclusive BF at 4 months postpartum, and the impact of HL in maintaining optimal exclusive BF practices. Limited or inadequate HL was one of the factors associated with early cessation of exclusive BF in the multivariate regression model, although further research is needed.
Effectiveness of physical activity prescription by primary care nurses using health assets: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Riera‐Sampol Aina , Bennasar‐Veny Miquel , Tauler Pedro , Aguilo Antoni 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of a 12‐month multifactorial intervention by primary care nurses using health assets in increasing adherence to physical activity prescription (150 min/week) in patients with two or more cardiovascular risk factors.BackgroundPhysical activity promotion is a priority and helps to decrease mortality risk due to cardiovascular diseases. However, adherence to the habitual physical activity prescription in primary healthcare settings is low.DesignMulticentre, single‐blind, parallel randomized (in two different branches) clinical trial.MethodsIn total, 263 participants from 20 primary healthcare centres in Mallorca completed the randomized controlled trial study (intervention group N = 128, control group N = 135). The intervention consisted in four visits and included a motivational interview and an individualized prescription of physical activity using health assets. Primary outcome measure was the number of participants performing at least 150 min of weekly physical activity. Secondary outcomes included physical activity level and physical fitness, Sense of Coherence, cardiovascular risk, sociodemographic data, trans‐theoretical stage of change, sleep quality, and depression.ResultsAdherence to the recommendation of at least 150 min of physical activity was higher in the intervention than in the control group (χ2 = 3.951, p = .047). However, this higher adherence did not suppose higher physical activity levels because no differences between groups were found in the total physical activity performed after intervention (t=−0.915, p = .361). At the end of the intervention participants randomized to the intervention group spent more time walking than participants in the control group (t = 2.260, p = .025).ConclusionThe multifactorial intervention performed by primary care nurses induced a higher adherence to the 150‐min of weekly physical activity recommendation.ImpactAdherence to the usual physical activity prescription in primary care is low. Physical activity prescription performed by primary care nurses and based on health assets and motivational interview can help to increase physical activity levels of patients. The main finding of the present study was that prescription using this approach was shown to be effective, leading to a higher adherence in the intervention group. This intervention is feasible in the nurse's primary healthcare setting, thus it could be implemented as the main tool when exercise is prescribed.Trial RegistrationInternational Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number: ISRCTN76069254.
Clinically Important Differences for Mobility Measures Derived from the Testosterone Trials
Authors: Stephens‐Shields Alisa J. , Farrar John T. , Ellenberg Susan S. , Storer Thomas W. , Gill Thomas M. , Basaria Shehzad , Pahor Marco , Cauley Jane A. , Ensrud Kristine E. , Preston Peter , Cella David , Snyder Peter J. , Bhasin Shalender 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESAccurate estimates of clinically important difference (CID) are required for interpreting the clinical importance of treatments to improve physical function, but CID estimates vary in different disease populations. We determined the CID for two common measures of walking ability in mobility‐limited older men.DesignLongitudinal, multisite placebo‐controlled trial.Setting/ParticipantsMen enrolled in the Testosterone Trials who had self‐reported mobility limitation and gait speed less than 1.2 m/second (n = 429). Testosterone‐ and placebo‐allocated participants were combined for this study.RESULTSMean changes from baseline, adjusting for time‐in‐intervention and site, were 29.6, 13.2, 12.5, −2.4, and −32.6 m for 6MWD, and 15.4, 7.2, 2.1, −3.4, and −7.2 for PF10 in men who reported their mobility was “very/much better,” “little better,” “no change,” “little worse,” or “much worse,” respectively. CID estimates using regression, ROC, and eCDF varied from 5.0–29.6 m for 6MWD, and 5.0–15.2 points for PF10.CONCLUSIONCID estimates vary by the population studied and by the method and precision of measurement. Increases of 16 to 30 m for 6MWD and 5 to 15 points for PF10 over 12 months appear to be clinically meaningful in mobility‐limited, older hypogonadal men. These CID estimates may be useful in the design of efficacy trials of therapies to improve physical function.
The Relationships Between Tooth‐Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses and Restorations and the Periodontium
Authors: Ercoli Carlo , Tarnow Dennis , Poggio Carlo E. , Tsigarida Alexandra , Ferrari Marco , Caton Jack G. , Chochlidakis Konstantinos 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo search the literature and to critically evaluate the findings on the periodontal outcomes of restorations and tooth‐supported fixed prostheses.Materials and MethodsPubMed was searched according to a systematic methodology, previously reported, but updated to include a larger database. Filters applied were: Case reports, clinical trial, review, guideline, randomized controlled trial, meta‐analysis, systematic reviews, and English. A narrative review was then synthesized to discuss periodontal outcomes related to restorations and tooth‐supported fixed prostheses. Relevant data was organized into four sections: Direct restorations, indirect restorations, biologic width or supracrestal tissue attachment and tooth preparation/finish line design.ResultsWhile increased gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth and clinical attachment loss have been associated with subgingival restorations, intracrevicular margins do not cause periodontal diseases. Inflammation and bone loss occur, for both direct and indirect restorations, only with large overhangs. Different restorative materials are associated with different clinical responses when placed in the gingival sulcus or within the epithelial and connective tissue attachments. When the connective tissue attachment is removed, histological changes occur causing its apical shift and subsequent re‐establishment. Gingival displacement during impression procedures can cause gingival recession. Emergence profile can have a range of values, not associated with periodontal diseases. Periodontal response appears to be clinically not different when compared among different finish line designs.ConclusionsContemporary procedures and materials used for the placement and fabrication of tooth‐supported restorations and fixed prostheses are compatible with periodontal health when adequate patient education and motivation in self‐performed oral hygiene are present. Periodontal diagnostic criteria should be thoroughly reviewed before fixed restorative treatments are planned and executed.
Effect of dietary inclusion of Spirulina on production performance, nutrient digestibility and meat quality traits in post‐weaning piglets
Authors: Martins Cátia Falcão , Pestana Assunção José , Ribeiro Santos David M. , Madeira Marta Sofia Morgado dos S. , Alfaia Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mateus , Lopes Paula Alexandra Antunes Brás , Coelho Diogo Francisco Maurício , Cardoso Lemos José Pedro , de Almeida André M. , Mestre Prates José António , Freire João Pedro Bengala 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe effect of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis), individually or in combination with two commercial carbohydrases, in piglet diets was assessed on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and meat quality traits. Forty post‐weaned male piglets from Large White × Landrace sows crossed with Pietrain boars with an initial live weight of 12.0 ± 0.89 kg were used. Piglets were assigned to one of four dietary treatments (n = 10): cereal and soya bean meal base diet (control), base diet with 10% Spirulina (SP), SP diet supplemented with 0.005% Rovabio® Excel AP (SP + R) and SP diet supplemented with 0.01% lysozyme (SP + L). Animals were slaughtered after a 4‐week experimental period. Growth performance was negatively affected by the incorporation of Spirulina in the diets, with an average decrease of 9.1% on final weight, in comparison with control animals. Total tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) of crude protein was higher (p < .05) in the control group than in other groups. In addition, lysozyme increased TTAD of crude fat and acid detergent fibre, relative to the SP and control groups, respectively. In addition, the incorporation of Spirulina, individually and supplemented with enzymes, did not impair meat quality traits. Surprisingly, no protective effect against lipid oxidation was observed with the inclusion of Spirulina in pork after 7 days of storage. This study indicates that growth performance of post‐weaning piglets was impaired by the incorporation of 10% Spirulina in the diets, which is mediated by an increase in digesta viscosity and a lower protein digestibility, as a consequence of the resistance of microalga proteins to the action of endogenous peptidases. In addition, it also indicates that lysozyme, in contrast to Rovabio® Excel AP, is efficient in the degradation of Spirulina cell wall in piglet's intestine. However, the digestion of proteins liberated by Spirulina cell wall disruption is still a challenge.
Comparative proteomic analysis of dental cementum from deciduous and permanent teeth
Authors: Giovani Priscila A. , Martins Luciane , Salmon Cristiane R. , Mofatto Luciana S. , Leme Adriana F. P. , Puppin‐Rontani Regina M. , Kolli Tamara N. , Foster Brian L. , Nociti Francisco H. , Kantovitz Kamila R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDental cementum (DC) is a mineralized tissue covering tooth roots that plays a critical role in dental attachment. Differences in deciduous vs. permanent tooth DC have not been explored. We hypothesized that proteomic analysis of DC matrix would identify compositional differences in deciduous (DecDC) vs. permanent (PermDC) cementum that might reflect physiological or pathological differences, such as root resorption that is physiological in deciduous teeth but can be pathological in the permanent dentition.MethodsProtein extracts from deciduous (n = 25) and permanent (n = 12) teeth were pooled (five pools of DecDC, five teeth each; four pools of PermDC, three teeth each). Samples were denatured, and proteins were extracted, reduced, alkylated, digested, and analyzed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). The beta‐binomial statistical test was applied to normalized spectrum counts with 5% significance level to determine differentially expressed proteins. Immunohistochemistry was used to validate selected proteins.ResultsA total of 510 proteins were identified: 123 (24.1%) exclusive to DecDC; 128 (25.1%) exclusive to PermDC; 259 (50.8%) commonly expressed in both DecDC and PermDC. Out of 60 differentially expressed proteins, 17 (28.3%) were detected in DecDC, including myeloperoxidase (MPO), whereas 43 (71.7%) were detected in PermDC, including decorin (DCN) and osteocalcin (BGLAP). Overall, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated that all expressed proteins were related to GO biological processes that included localization and response to stress, and the GO molecular function of differentially expressed proteins was enriched in cell adhesion, molecular binding, cytoskeletal protein binding, structural molecular activity, and macromolecular complex binding. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the trends for selected differentially expressed proteins in human teeth.ConclusionsClear differences were found between the proteomes of DecDC and PermDC. These findings may lead to new insights into developmental differences between DecDC and PermDC, as well as to a better understanding of physiological/pathological events such as root resorption.
Modification of footed pajamas to confirm arthropod bites: The Modified Onesie Biting Bug Assessment suit
Authors: Lindberg Michael R. , Orzel Joanna A. , Dollani Lorena , Norton Scott A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhen children present with features of bed bug bites, many parents are reluctant to accept the diagnosis. Furthermore, standard methods to detect arthropods in or around one's home can be expensive, time‐consuming, and frustrating. We developed a simple, inexpensive way to provide evidence that the lesions are in fact due to arthropod bites. The Modified Onesie Biting Bug Assessment (MOBBA) suit utilizes simple alterations to a full‐body onesie‐type footed pajama, exposing some body surfaces to insect predators while protecting other areas.