bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive evaluation of genetic variants using chromosomal microarray analysis and exome sequencing in fetuses with congenital heart defect
Authors: Qiao F. , Wang Y. , Zhang C. , Zhou R. , Wu Y. , Wang C. , Meng L. , Mao P. , Cheng Q. , Luo C. , Hu P. , Xu Z. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate comprehensively, using chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and exome sequencing (ES), the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities and sequence variants in unselected fetuses with congenital heart defect (CHD) and to evaluate the potential diagnostic yields of CMA and ES for different CHD subgroups.MethodsThis was a study of 360 unselected singleton fetuses with CHD detected by echocardiography, referred to our department for genetic testing between February 2018 and December 2019. We performed CMA, as a routine test for aneuploidy and copy number variations (CNV), and then, in cases without aneuploidy or pathogenic CNV on CMA, we performed ES.ResultsOverall, positive genetic diagnoses were made in 84 (23.3%) fetuses: chromosomal abnormalities were detected by CMA in 60 (16.7%) and sequence variants were detected by ES in a further 24 (6.7%) cases. The detection rate of pathogenic and likely pathogenic genetic variants in fetuses with non‐isolated CHD (32/83, 38.6%) was significantly higher than that in fetuses with isolated CHD (52/277, 18.8%) (P < 0.001), this difference being due mainly to the difference in frequency of aneuploidy between the two groups. The prevalence of a genetic defect was highest in fetuses with an atrioventricular septal defect (36.8%), ventricular septal defect with or without atrial septal defect (28.4%), conotruncal defect (22.2%) or right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (20.0%). We also identified two novel missense mutations (c.2447G>C, p.Arg816Pro; c.1171C>T, p.Arg391Cys) and a new phenotype caused by variants in PLD1.ConclusionsChromosomal abnormalities were identified in 16.7% and sequence variants in a further 6.7% of fetuses with CHD. ES should be offered to all pregnant women with a CHD fetus without chromosomal abnormality or pathogenic CNV identified by CMA, regardless of whether the CHD is isolated. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Weyl’s Raum-Zeit-Materie and the Philosophy of Science
Authors: De Bianchi Silvia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this contribution I explore the philosophical underpinning of Weyl’s interpretation of Relativity as emerging from Raum-Zeit-Materie. I emphasize the important distinction between the philosophical and the mathematical methods, as well as the dichotomy and relationship between time and consciousness. Weyl identified the latter as the conceptual engine moving the whole history of Western philosophy. and the revolutionary relevance of relativity for its representation is investigated together with the conceptual underpinning of Weyl’s philosophy of science. In identifying the main traits of Weyl’s philosophy of science in 1918, I also offer a philosophical analysis of some underlying concepts of unified field theory.
Kismet: Hollywood, Orientalism and the Design Language of Padraic Colum’s Mogu of the Desert
Authors: Sisson Elaine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe lure of the exotic ‘other’ was implicit from the early years of the Gate’s repertoire. In 1931 the Gate produced Padraic Colum’s Mogu of the Desert, designed by Micheál mac Liammóir and featuring a young Orson Welles. Exploring Mogu uncovers a broader engagement with ‘exotic’ or oriental narratives at the Gate generally. The history and subject matter of Mogu contextualizes mac Liammóir’s fascination with oriental and Middle-Eastern culture within contemporary film. Archival photos illustrate how production stills copied the iconographic styling of film publicity using ‘film-star’ portraiture to promote the Gate. Orientalist narratives require the display of the body through the eroticization of costume – legitimizing the costumed body as a to-be-looked-at space. The Gate’s fascination with oriental settings enables the visibility of ‘transgressive’ sexualities as well as understanding the tastes and appeal of popular culture.
‘We Belong to the World’: Christine Longford’s War Plays During Irish Neutrality
Authors: Grogan Erin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRegrettably, Christine Longford is at present remembered mostly for her marriage to Lord Edward and her administrative work at the Gate Theatre. However, she was also a successful and prolific playwright. This chapter focuses on three history plays written during World War II: Lord Edward (1941), The United Brothers (1942) and Patrick Sarsfield (1943). In these works, Longford used the stage to voice strong critique of the increased state control and censorship practices during ‘the Emergency’ in Ireland. Through the female characters, Longford comments, in particular, on the static roles Irish women had while women around the world found new opportunity.
Hydrus Microstent
Authors: Laspas Panagiotis , Pfeiffer Norbert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Hydrus®Microstent (Ivantis Inc., Irvine, CA, USA) is an 8-mm intracanalicular scaffold microinvasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) device which reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by bypassing the trabecular meshwork and by dilating and scaffolding the Schlemm’s canal. Indications for Hydrus Microstent implantation include primary open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and it can be implanted either in combination with cataract surgery or as a solo procedure. Studies have shown that the Hydrus Microstent lowers IOP to the mid-teens and reduces glaucoma medication use for up to 2 years. Hydrus Microstent implantation is associated with a favorable safety profile, with adverse effects being generally mild, transient, and self-resolving. Clinically significant and long-standing hypotony or other potentially sight-threatening complications have not been described so far with Hydrus Microstent implantation. This chapter summarizes the design, mechanism of action, surgical technique, and clinical outcomes of the Hydrus Microstent, which is a promising long-term treatment modality for patients with mild-to-moderate primary open-angle glaucoma.
Hoeffding decomposition in $$H^1$$ spaces
Authors: Rzeszut Maciej , Wojciechowski Michał 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The well known result of Bourgain and Kwapień states that the projection $$P_{\le m}$$

P

≤
m

onto the subspace of the Hilbert space $$L^2\left( \Omega ^\infty \right) $$

L
2

Ω
∞

spanned by functions dependent on at most m variables is bounded in $$L^p$$

L
p

with norm $$\le c_p^m$$

≤

c
p
m

for $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

. We will be concerned with two kinds of endpoint estimates. We prove that $$P_{\le m}$$

P

≤
m

is bounded on the space $$H^1\left( {\mathbb {D}}^\infty \right) $$

H
1

D

∞

of functions in $$L^1\left( {\mathbb {T}}^\infty \right) $$

L
1

T

∞

analytic in each variable. We also prove that $$P_{\le 2}$$

P

≤
2

is bounded on the martingale Hardy space associated with a natural double-indexed filtration and, more generally, we exhibit a multiple indexed martingale Hardy space which contains $$H^1\left( {\mathbb {D}}^\infty \right) $$

H
1

D

∞

as a subspace and $$P_{\le m}$$

P

≤
m

is bounded on it.
Self-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites based on Discontinuous Tapes - An Experimental and Numerical Study of the Influence of Tape Length
Authors: Goutianos Stergios , Cabrera Norbert O. , Alcock Ben , Reynolds Neil , Peijs Ton 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe creation of highly oriented, coextruded polypropylene (PP) tapes allows the production of recyclable self-reinforced polypropylene (SRPP) or all-PP composites, with a large temperature processing window and high volume reinforcement content ($$\sim$$
∼
90%). The objective of this research is to assess the performance potential of SRPP composites based on discontinuous or short tapes. For this, the critical tape length for effective mechanical reinforcement of aligned discontinuous PP tapes was determined, while the stress transfer from PP matrix to PP tape was investigated in single tape model composites in combination with an optical strain mapping technique. Mechanical behaviour of both single tape as well as aligned tape model composites was evaluated using finite element analysis (FEA) and used to predict the properties of randomly oriented short tape composites. These discontinuous tape SRPP composites may be of interest from a manufacturing as well as recycling point of view. In terms of manufacturing, such systems are of interest as they may show improved formability during stamping or compression moulding operations while from a recycling point of view it would allow the re-use of production waste like cuttings of fabrics or tapes.
Soil greenhouse gas fluxes following conventional selective and reduced-impact logging in a Congo Basin rainforest
Authors: Tchiofo Lontsi Rodine , Corre Marife D. , Iddris Najeeb A. , Veldkamp Edzo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSelective logging is among the main causes of tropical forest degradation, but little is known about its effects on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from highly weathered Ferralsol soils in Africa. We measured soil CO2, N2O, and CH4 fluxes, and their soil controlling factors at two forests that had undergone conventional selective logging and reduced-impact logging in Cameroon. Each logging system had four replicate plots, each included the disturbed strata (road, logging deck, skidding trail, and felling gap) and an undisturbed reference area. Measurements were conducted monthly from September 2016 to October 2017. Annual GHG fluxes ranged from 4.9 to 18.6 Mg CO2–C, from 1.5 to 79 kg N2O–N, and from − 4.3 to 71.1 kg CH4–C ha−1 year−1. Compared to undisturbed areas, soil CO2 emissions were reduced and soil CH4 emissions increased in skidding trails, logging decks and roads (P < 0.01) whereas soil N2O emissions increased in skidding trails (P = 0.03–0.05). The combined disturbed strata had 28% decrease in soil CO2 emissions, 83% increase in soil N2O emissions, and seven times higher soil CH4 emissions compared to undisturbed area (P ≤ 0.01). However, the disturbed strata represented only 4–5% of the area impacted in both logging systems, which reduced considerably the changes in soil GHG fluxes at the landscape level. Across all strata, soil GHG fluxes were regulated by soil bulk density and water-filled pore space, indicating the influence of soil aeration and gas diffusion, and by soil organic carbon and nitrogen, suggesting the control of substrate availability on microbial processes of these GHG.
Cellulose aerogel particles: control of particle and textural properties in jet cutting process
Authors: Schroeter Baldur , Yonkova Velislava P. , Niemeyer Noreen A. M. , Jung Isabella , Preibisch Imke , Gurikov Pavel , Smirnova Irina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractReported approach aims for the synthesis of spherical cellulose beads with high production rates (0.7–4.1 kg/h of hydrogel) via the so-called jet cutting method. To form particles, jets of aqueous cellulose/sodium hydroxide solutions were cut into pieces and collected in a gelation bath (30 wt% aqueous H2SO4, 20 °C). After solvent exchange with ethanol and subsequent supercritical drying, cellulose aerogel particles were obtained. The particles showed high specific surface areas (ca. 400 m2/g) and low bulk (untapped) densities (0.06–0.10 g/cm3). Variation of cellulose content (4–7 wt%) and jet cutting process parameters (cutting frequency, nozzle diameter, jet velocity) turned to be useful parameters for controlling the particles size and shape. Highly spherical particles with sphericity SPH ≥ 0.92 were obtained in a broad range of achievable particle sizes (0.4–1.0 mm), with an optimum of SPH at 6 wt% cellulose content.
A computer science and robotics integration model for primary school: evaluation of a large-scale in-service K-4 teacher-training program
Authors: El-Hamamsy Laila , Chessel-Lazzarotto Frédérique , Bruno Barbara , Roy Didier , Cahlikova Tereza , Chevalier Morgane , Parriaux Gabriel , Pellet Jean-Philippe , Lanarès Jacques , Zufferey Jessica Dehler , Mondada Francesco 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntegrating computer science (CS) into school curricula has become a worldwide preoccupation. Therefore, we present a CS and Robotics integration model and its validation through a large-scale pilot study in the administrative region of the Canton Vaud in Switzerland. Approximately 350 primary school teachers followed a mandatory CS continuing professional development program (CPD) of adapted format with a curriculum scaffolded by instruction modality. This included CS Unplugged activities that aim to teach CS concepts without the use of screens, and Robotics Unplugged activities that employed physical robots, without screens, to learn about robotics and CS concepts. Teachers evaluated positively the CPD and their representation of CS improved. Voluntary adoption rates reached 97% during the CPD and 80% the following year. These results combined with the underpinning literature support the generalisability of the model to other contexts.
14-3-3ε protein-loaded 3D hydrogels favor osteogenesis
Authors: Aldana Ana A. , Uhart Marina , Abraham Gustavo A. , Bustos Diego M. , Boccaccini Aldo R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract3D printing has emerged as vanguard technique of biofabrication to assemble cells, biomaterials and biomolecules in a spatially controlled manner to reproduce native tissues. In this work, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/alginate hydrogel scaffolds were obtained by 3D printing and 14-3-3ε protein was encapsulated in the hydrogel to induce osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASC). GelMA/alginate-based grid-like structures were printed and remained stable upon photo-crosslinking. The viscosity of alginate allowed to control the pore size and strand width. A higher viscosity of hydrogel ink enhanced the printing accuracy. Protein-loaded GelMA/alginate-based hydrogel showed a clear induction of the osteogenic differentiation of hASC cells. The results are relevant for future developments of GelMA/alginate for bone tissue engineering given the positive effect of 14-3-3ε protein on both cell adhesion and proliferation.
Analysis of the SBP-SAT Stabilization for Finite Element Methods Part I: Linear Problems
Authors: Abgrall R. , Nordström J. , Öffner P. , Tokareva S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the hyperbolic community, discontinuous Galerkin (DG) approaches are mainly applied when finite element methods are considered. As the name suggested, the DG framework allows a discontinuity at the element interfaces, which seems for many researchers a favorable property in case of hyperbolic balance laws. On the contrary, continuous Galerkin methods appear to be unsuitable for hyperbolic problems and there exists still the perception that continuous Galerkin methods are notoriously unstable. To remedy this issue, stabilization terms are usually added and various formulations can be found in the literature. However, this perception is not true and the stabilization terms are unnecessary, in general. In this paper, we deal with this problem, but present a different approach. We use the boundary conditions to stabilize the scheme following a procedure that are frequently used in the finite difference community. Here, the main idea is to impose the boundary conditions weakly and specific boundary operators are constructed such that they guarantee stability. This approach has already been used in the discontinuous Galerkin framework, but here we apply it with a continuous Galerkin scheme. No internal dissipation is needed even if unstructured grids are used. Further, we point out that we do not need exact integration, it suffices if the quadrature rule and the norm in the differential operator are the same, such that the summation-by-parts property is fulfilled meaning that a discrete Gauss Theorem is valid. This contradicts the perception in the hyperbolic community that stability issues for pure Galerkin scheme exist. In numerical simulations, we verify our theoretical analysis.
Islam and Mental Disorders of the Older Adults: Religious Text, Belief System and Caregiving Practices
Authors: Daher-Nashif Suhad , Hammad Suzanne H. , Kane Tanya , Al-Wattary Noor 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper illustrates the impact of Islamic religious texts on dementia care in the Middle East. It examines how old age and older adults mental disorders are framed in the Quran and Hadith, and how these texts are transformed to belief ideologies and caregiving practices. The study uses a qualitative research methods, which include a review of all Islamic holy texts that address mental and cognitive changes associated with ageing, along with interviews with eight Sharia scholars and 37-Arab-Muslim families living in Qatar. Islamic texts command compassion and honouring of elderly parents and give care instructions. These texts are transformed into social practices and used as diagnostic and treatment tools.
Interpreting plural predication: homogeneity and non-maximality
Authors: Križ Manuel , Spector Benjamin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPlural definite descriptions across many languages display two well-known properties. First, they can give rise to so-called non-maximal readings, in the sense that they ‘allow for exceptions’ (Mary read the books on the reading list, in some contexts, can be judged true even if Mary didn’t read all the books on the reading list). Second, while they tend to have a quasi-universal quantificational force in affirmative sentences (‘quasi-universal’ rather than simply ‘universal’ due to the possibility of exceptions we have just mentioned), they tend to be interpreted existentially in the scope of negation (a property often referred to as homogeneity, cf. Löbner in Linguist Philos 23:213–308, 2000). Building on previous works (in particular Krifka in Proceedings of SALT VI, Cornell University, pp 136–153, 1996 and Malamud in Semant Pragmat, 5:1–28, 2012), we offer a theory in which sentences containing plural definite expressions trigger a family of possible interpretations, and where general principles of language use account for their interpretation in various contexts and syntactic environments. Our theory solves a number of problems that these previous works encounter, and has broader empirical coverage in that it offers a precise analysis for sentences that display complex interactions between plural definites, quantifiers and bound variables, as well as for cases involving non-distributive predicates. The resulting proposal is briefly compared with an alternative proposal by Križ (Aspects of homogeneity in the semantics of natural language, University of Vienna, 2015), which has similar coverage but is based on a very different architecture and sometimes makes subtly different predictions.
Influence of heterozygosity and competition on morphological tree characteristics of Quercus rubra L.: a new single-tree based approach
Authors: Burkardt Katharina , Pettenkofer Tim , Ammer Christian , Gailing Oliver , Leinemann Ludger , Seidel Dominik , Vor Torsten 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn Europe, the non-native Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is widely recommended for future cultivation. However, outside its natural range, Northern red oak has to date been insufficiently studied both in terms of silviculture and genetics. To clarify this, we studied the architecture of 92 (pre-) dominant Northern red oak trees in five German federal states using the non-destructive terrestrial laser scanning method (TLS). In addition, individual-based heterozygosity was calculated based on microsatellite data obtained by analyzing twelve potentially adaptive genic (EST derived markers) and eight putatively selectively neutral nuclear microsatellite markers. With these data the individual heterozygosity of the sample trees was calculated. Mean or median branch angles as well as branch angle ranges of first order branches decreased with individual heterozygosity calculated group-wise for all markers (HoAll) and for EST-derived markers (HoEST). Most other tree characteristics, including the number of bark anomalies and mean stem non-circularity and crown characteristics such as crown volume, crown surface area, or mean branch length of first order branches responded exclusively to competition. We conclude that competition, not genetics, is the main driver of Northern red oak stem and crown characteristics. Thus, stem quality and crown dimension can primarily be controlled by silvicultural interventions. The significant relationship between Northern red oak branch angle traits and individual tree heterozygosity was unexpected, and at this time we do not have any validated explanation for this. This issue needs to be further investigated.
Friction-induced vibration considering multiple types of nonlinearities
Authors: Liu Ningyu , Ouyang Huajiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe friction-induced vibration of a novel 5-DoF (degree-of-freedom) mass-on-oscillating-belt model considering multiple types of nonlinearities is studied. The first type of nonlinearity in the system is the nonlinear contact stiffness, the second is the non-smooth behaviour including stick, slip and separation, and the third is the geometrical nonlinearity brought about by the moving-load feature of the mass slider on the rigid belt. Both the linear stability of the system and the nonlinear steady-state responses are investigated, and rich dynamic behaviours of the system are revealed. The results of numerical study indicate the necessity of the transient dynamic analysis in the study of friction-induced-vibration problems as the linear stability analysis fails to detect the occurrence of self-excited vibration when two stable solutions coexist in the system. The bifurcation behaviour of the steady-state responses of the system versus some parameters is determined. Additionally, the significant effects of each type of nonlinearity on the linear stability and nonlinear steady-state responses of the system are discovered, which underlie the necessity to take multiple types of nonlinearities into account in the research of friction-induced vibration and noise.
A comprehensive quality assessment framework for scientific events
Authors: Vahdati Sahar , Fathalla Said , Lange Christoph , Behrend Andreas , Say Aysegul , Say Zeynep , Auer Sören 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSystematic assessment of scientific events has become increasingly important for research communities. A range of metrics (e.g., citations, h-index) have been developed by different research communities to make such assessments effectual. However, most of the metrics for assessing the quality of less formal publication venues and events have not yet deeply investigated. It is also rather challenging to develop respective metrics because each research community has its own formal and informal rules of communication and quality standards. In this article, we develop a comprehensive framework of assessment metrics for evaluating scientific events and involved stakeholders. The resulting quality metrics are determined with respect to three general categories—events, persons, and bibliometrics. Our assessment methodology is empirically applied to several series of computer science events, such as conferences and workshops, using publicly available data for determining quality metrics. We show that the metrics’ values coincide with the intuitive agreement of the community on its “top conferences”. Our results demonstrate that highly-ranked events share similar profiles, including the provision of outstanding reviews, visiting diverse locations, having reputed people involved, and renowned sponsors.