bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mysticism Of Barong And Rangda In Hindu Religion
Authors: Purwanto Susilo Edi 
Published: October 2019

<p>Barong and Rangda have become part of culture and religion in the tradition of Hindu religion. The Barong and Rangda tradition is a ritual process or pratima that is very sacred. The scary forms of both often scare children, but is greatly admired and adored since it is considered a protector from danger and disaster. If Barong and Rangda are worshiped in horrifying figures, it is then not uncommon for non-Hindus to assume that Hindus worship Satan because their description of Satan relates to scary things. Based on the above, there are three essential points to focus in this article. First, how the concepts of Barong and Rangda are in Hindu Literature; second, how Barong and Rangda are in Balinese Culture; and third, how the religious system of Barong and Rangda is in Hindu rituals. In analyzing these three topics, the researcher applied qualitative method to explain Hindu literary sources based on religious theory. The Barong and Rangda conception is in the Hindu literature, namely the Purana books and the books that have been adapted in Old Javanese literature. In the Purana books, Barong and Rangda can be associated with the manifestation of Shiva and Durga in the aspect of <em>Krodha</em>. Second, Balinese culture sets Barong and Rangda in the Sacred and Profane realms. Barong and Rangda become Wali Dance during religious rituals. Third, the Hindu Religious System explains that Barong and Rangda is the concept of Shivaistic divine teachings which explains the dualistic aspects of God as Purusa and Prakerti as a whole unit.</p>
O SISTEMA PROTETIVO DAS RELAÇÕES DE TRABALHO NA UNIÃO EUROPEIA
Authors: Lazzarin Helena Kugel 
Published: October 2019

No Mercado Comum Europeu circulam bens, serviços e os fatores de produção, nos quais estão incluídas a mão-de-obra e a circulação de pessoas. Neste contexto, surge a necessidade de proteção dos trabalhadores, em face da inerente vulnerabilidade que os caracteriza. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o sistema protetivo das relações de trabalho na União Europeia. A análise das principais proteções laborais é elucidada com base na Carta Comunitária dos Direitos Sociais Fundamentais dos Trabalhadores, de modo integrado aos demais documentos e tratados internacionais que versam sobre o tema. Esses direitos dizem respeito à livre circulação, às políticas de emprego, à proteção social e melhoria das condições de vida e de trabalho, à não discriminação, ao direito coletivo do trabalho e à proteção da saúde e da segurança no meio ambiente laboral, entre ouros. A pesquisa é de cunho bibliográfico e se justifica pela atualidade e relevância do tema, em face do irreversível fenômeno da globalização e integração dos mercados de trabalho.
GENERATOR KODE UNIT TESTING UNTUK JAVASCRIPT BERBASIS FRAMEWORK QUNIT
Authors: Adi Taufik Nur 
Published: October 2019

Pada pengembangan perangkat lunak, kegiatan pengujian merupakan kegiatan yang sangat penting dalam menjaga kualitas perangkat lunak. Melakukan pengujian aplikasi yang memiliki kompleksitas yang tinggi memerlukan waktu dan biaya yang tidak sedikit. Maka dari itu diperlukan sebuah strategi dan teknik pengujian yang tepat agar pengujian perangkat lunak dapat dilakukan secara efektif dari segi waktu dan biaya. Unit Testing adalah salah satu teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pengujian perangkat lunak. Unit Testing memiliki focus pengujian pada bagian terkecil dari sebuah aplikasi. Menulis kode Unit Testing dan Test Case secara manual ketika akan melakukan pengujian, memerlukan waktu dan sangat rentan terhadap kesalahan.
Javascript memiliki fungsi-fungsi umum yang sering digunakan ketika membangun sebuah aplikasi. Fungsi-fungsi umum ini sangat dimungkinkan untuk diuji dengan sebuah kode Unit Testing yang dihasilkan secara otomatis oleh aplikasi Generator. Pada penelitian ini dihasilkan sebuah aplikasi Generator yang menghasilkan kode Unit Testing Javascript yang berjalan pada lingkungan pengujian berbasis Framework QUnit.
PERANCANGAN ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURE FUNGSI PEMASARAN DAN CRM PADA INDUSTRI PARIWISATA DI PERUM PERHUTANI UNIT III DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK TOGAF
Authors: Purba Fitri Febriana , Saedudin RD Rohmat , Rahmad Basuki 
Published: October 2019

Abstrak—Perum Perhutani Unit III merupakan salah satu penyedia sektor pariwisata alam yang mengelola sumberdaya hutan di kawasan Jawa Barat dan Banten. Perkembangan industri pariwisata menuntut Perum Perhutani Unit III untuk memilih strategi pemasaran terbaik dan mengelola hubungan dengan pelanggan untuk menghasilkan keunggulan wisata yang kompetitif. Oleh karena itu, Perum Perhutani Unit III membutuhkan perancangan enterprise architecture yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja pemasaran dan manajemen hubungan pelanggan melalui pemanfaatan dan penyelarasan teknologi informasi. Perancangan enterprise architecture menggunakan framework TOGAF yang mempunyai beberapa fase, diantaranya preliminary phase, architecture vision, architecture business, information system architecture, dan technology architecture. Hasil perancangan ini berupa model bisnis target dan artifak.
Kata Kunci: Enterprise Architecture, TOGAF, Pariwisata, Perum Perhutani, Pemasaran, Manajemen Hubungan Pelanggan

Abstract—Perum Perhutani Unit III is one of the providers of natural tourism sector that manages forest resources in West Java and Banten. The development of tourism industry demands Perum Perhutani Unit III to choose the best marketing strategy and manage customer relationship to produce competitive tourism advantage. Therefore, Perum Perhutani Unit III requires the design of enterprise architecture that can improve the performance of marketing and customer relationship management through the utilization and alignment of information technology. The design of enterprise architecture use TOGAF framework that has several phases, including preliminary phase, architecture vision, architecture business, information system architecture, and technology architecture. The results of this design are target business models and artifacts.
Keywords: Enterprise Architecture, TOGAF, Tourism, Perum Perhutani, Marketing, Customer Relationship Management
Life Kinetiğin Performans Sporcuları Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: YARIM İmdat , ÇETİN Ebru , ORHAN Özlem 
Published: October 2019

Sportif performans açısından iyi planlanmış bilimsel temellere dayanan antrenman içeriklerinin önemi bilinmektedir. Antrenman içeriklerinde life kinetik egzersizlerinin (LK) performansa etkileri ve beceri öğrenme hızı ile koordinatif yeteneklerin gelişimine olan katkısı son yıllarda dikkat çekmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar, life kinetiğin öğrenme sürecini hızlandırarak, merkezi sinir sisteminde yeni yapılanmalar oluşturduğu, konsantrasyonu ve performansı iyileştiren bir egzersiz sistemi içerdiğinden bahsetmektedir. Life kinetiğin farklı etkileri ve uygulanan değişken içerikleri, sporcularda branşlarına özgü görsel ve kinestetik süreçleri birbirine bağlamak yoluyla performansı etkileyebilmektedir. Life kinetik farklı hareket modelleri, görsel görevler ve bilişsel elementlerden kombine edilen eş zamanlı egzersizler ile çalışılan bir metot olduğu bilinmektedir. Sözü geçen bu egzersizler sporcuları sürekli kendisine bağlamak ve motive etmek için her zaman eğlencelidirler. Life kinetik tüm bunları kişilerin yeteneğine göre, değişen zorluk seviyesindeki egzersizlerin yardımıyla başarır. Sportif branşlarda LK egzersizlerinin kullanımı sıklıkla öğrenme, teknik ve taktik gelişime de katkı oluşturup oluşturulamayacağı üzerinde merak uyandırmaktadır. İyi bir performans için kas kuvvetinin yanı sıra, maksimum hareket hızı ve nöromüsküler aktivasyon da önemlidir. Life kinetik ile sporcular iyi antrene edilmiş koordinatif yeteneklere sahip olabilir ve dolayısıyla da performanslarına katkılar sağlanabilir. Bu çalışma farklı branşlarda performans sporcularının LK kullanımlarını ve etkilerinin özetlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Customers’ eyeshot on Information Technology services in the Banking Industry – A Synoptic View
Authors: D Suhas , Ramesh H N 
Published: October 2019

Globalization has made banks to use Information Technology in offering banking services to customers, and which made customers in creating high expectations in banking services through electronic mode. Electronic banking services are now considered a new delivery channel for banks in India and which made customers access banking services easily and quickly. The transformation of traditional banking to modern banking is started by using Automatic Teller Machines, Bill Payments, E-Fund Transfer and so on. This made customers easy to do banking activitieseven in their homes and offices at any time. The success of E-banking is largely depended on banker’s commitment and participation of the functioning at all stages and customer acceptance. In this view, the present work has made an attempt to study the customer’s perception of electronic banking services. The survey was conducted to 70 customers of nationalized banks in India. The data has been analyzed using percentages and chi-square tests to ascertain the results of the study.
İblis’in Şüphelerine Molla Sadrâ’nın Felsefî Cevapları
Authors: YİĞİT Fevzi 
Published: October 2019

Bu makalede Şehristânî’nin (ö. 548/1153) el-Milel ve’n-Nihal adlı eserinde naklettiği İblis’e ait olduğu iddia edilen şüpheler, Molla Sadrâ’nın (ö. 1051/1640) yazdığı bir risale üzerinden konu edilecektir. Makaleyi önemli kılan şey, metafiziksel ilkelerin kelâm sahasında uygulanmasının bir örneğini incelemiş olmasıdır. İblis’in şüpheleri güncelliğini koruduğundan cevaplarının da güncellenmesi gerekmektedir. Sadrâ teist seviyede sorulan sorulara ancak metafizik çerçevede cevaplar verilmesi gerektiğini ima etmektedir. Sadrâ, İblis’in -meşhur olanın aksine- bilgisizliğinin kurbanı olduğunu dile getirmiştir. Ayrıca İblis, evrende cari olan nedensellik yasasını ve mevcudâtın varlık piramidindeki sıralanış prensibini kavrayamamıştır. Bu şüpheler âlemin niçin var olduğuna ve başlangıcına dairdir. Bu şüphelere Molla Sadrâ’nın verdiği cevaplar; yaratılışın zorunluluğu, anlamı ve niçinliğini ele verebilecek mahiyettedir. “Niçin” sorusu, insanın anlam arayışını sağladığından din ve felsefenin de çıkış sorusudur. İblis’in sorduğu “niçin” soruları daha çok duyusal ve duygusal kökenliyken insanoğlunun “niçin” sorusu ise rasyonel kökenlidir. Bu makalede ileri sürülen temel sav, Zorunlu Varlık fikrinin idrakiyle âlemin keyfe keder bir takdirin sonucu değil de İlahi Zat’a bağlı zorunluluğun, aklın ve bilginin eseri olarak yaratıldığının kolayca anlaşıldığıdır. Ayrıca Âdem’in varlık piramidindeki üstün konumu ve bilgisinin fazlalığından dolayı halife olduğu da söylenebilir. İblis’in varlık mertebelerinin hepsini kuşatabilecek şümule sahip olmaması dolayısıyla İlahi Zat’ı tam olarak temsil etmesi mümkün değildir. Ve yine sadece vehme dayalı hükümler vermesi dolayısıyla İblis, yaratılışın sırrına erememiştir.
Belâgatte Metafor Problemi: Bir Anlam, Yapı ve Mecâz Sorunu Olarak İstiâre-i Mekniyye
Authors: TALA Murat 
Published: October 2019

Arapçanın dilbilim, anlambilim, edebiyat bilimi, üslup bilim, hermenötik ve dil felsefesi alanlarıyla ilgili tartışmalar çoğunlukla belâgat ilmi çerçevesinde kümelenen eserlerde, yer alır. Bu eserlerde anlam problemi ayrıntılı ve tartışmalı bir şekilde irdelenir. Belâgat ilminde çok tartışılan konulardan biri istiâre-i mekniyye meselesidir. Bu makale belâgatin beyân ilmi konuları içinde ele alınan istiâre-i mekniyye konusuna yönelir. Araştırma istiâre-i mekniyye konusuna bir anlam, yapı ve mecâz problemi olarak bakar. Bu bağlamda araştırma özellikle istiâre-i mekniyyenin anlamı, karinesi ve istiâre-i mekniyyede gerçekleşen mecâzın türünün temellendirilmesi hakkındaki tartışmalara mercek tutar. Makale istiâre-i mekniyye problemi hakkındaki tartışmaları daha iyi anlamaya net bir zemin hazırlayacağı için öncelikle istiâre konusunun kavramsal ve yapısal çerçeveleri ile dilbilimsel ve felsefi perspektifleri hakkında bazı açıklamalara yer verir. Araştırma daha sonra istiâre-i mekniyye konusundaki tartışmaları irdeler. Çalışma istiâre-i mekniyyenin anlamı ve temellendirilmesi, istiâre-i mekniyyenin karinesi ve istiâre-i mekniyyedeki mecâzın çeşidi konularındaki problemleri ayrı ayrı ele alır. Bu bağlamda ortaya sürülen görüşleri özellikle ya Selef alimleri, Abdülkâhir el-Cürcânî, Zemahşerî, Sekkâkî ve Kazvînî gibi ekol sahiplerine veya Teftâzânî, Muhyiddin el-Kâfiyecî, Semerkandî ve İsâmeddin el-İsferâyînî gibi müstakil görüş ve tahkik sahiplerine nispet ederek açıklar. Araştırma ayrıca meseleleri temellendirirken konu içi yaptığı bazı değerlendirmeler ek olarak, diğer bazı hususlarda yaptığı bir genel değerlendirmenin ardından ulaştığı sonuçları beyan eder.
On Semitotal Domination in Graphs
Authors: Aniversario Imelda S. , Canoy Jr. Sergio R. , Jamil Ferdinand P. 
Published: October 2019

A set $S$ of vertices of a connected graph $G$ is a semitotal dominating set if every vertex in $V(G)\setminus S$ is adjacent to a vertex in $S$, and every vertex in $S$ is of distance at most $2$ from another vertex in $S$. A semitotal dominating set $S$ in $G$ is a secure semitotal dominating set if for every $v\in V(G)\setminus S$, there is a vertex $x\in S$ such that $x$ is adjacent to $v$ andÂ that $\left(S\setminus\{x\}\right)\cup \{v\}$ is a semitotal dominating set in $G$. In this paper, we characterize the semitotal dominating sets and the secure semitotal dominating sets in the join, corona and lexicographic product of graphs and determine their corresponding semitotal domination and secure semitotal domination numbers.
Generalized Quasilinearization Using Coupled Lower and Upper Solutions for Periodic Boundary Value Problem of an Integro Differential Equation
Authors: Sreedhar Chaduvula Venkata , Devi J. Vasundhara 
Published: October 2019

In this paper we rst develop the method of generalized quasilinearization for initialvalue problem of an integro dierential equation and then use it to develop quasilinearization forÂ the periodic boundary value problem of the integro dierential equation by using the coupled lowerÂ and upper solutions of Type-I.
Rank-k perturbation of Hamiltonian Systems with Periodic Coefficients and Applications
Authors: Mouhamadou Dosso , Arouna Traore G. Y. , Brou Jean-Claude Koua 
Published: October 2019

Jordan canonical forms of a rank-kÂ perturbation ofÂ symplectic matrices and the fundamental solutions ofÂ Hamiltonian systems are presented on the basis of work done byÂ C. Mehl et, al.. SmallÂ rank-kÂ perturbations of Mathieu systems are analyzed.Â More precisely, it is shown that the rank-kÂ perturbations of coupled or non-coupledÂ double pendulums and the motion of an ion through a quadrupole analyzer slightly perturb the behavior of their spectra and their stabilities.Â
Pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat Kepenghuluan Bagan Manunggal Kabupaten Rokan Hilir melalui pembuatan produk yoghurt berbasis buah – buahan lokal
Authors: Sayuti Irda , Darmawati Darmawati 
Published: October 2019

Telah dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa teknik pembuatan yoghurt berbasis buah – buahan lokal dari Kepenghuluan / Desa Bagan Manunggal, kecamatan Bagan Sinembah, Kabupaten Rokan Hilir. Kegiatan ini merupakan aplikasi pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna bioteknologi kepada masyarakat yang bertujuan memberdayakan perekonomian masyarakat setempat melalui pengolahan buah – buahan menjadi yoghurt. Kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan dalam dua tahap yakni; tahap sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, tahap pelatihan dan bimbingan pembuatan yoghurt dari buah buahan. Tahap sosialisasi dilakukan dengan bekerja sama dengan pemerintah desa dan Tim Penggerak PKK Kepenghuluan Bagan Manunggal. Tahap pelatihan dilakukan dengan metode demonstrasi langsung, bimbingan dan diskusi terbuka berkaitan dengan pembuatan Yoghurt dari buah – buahan lokal. Hasil dari kegiatan ini didapat produk Yoghurt berupa Yoghurt nanas, Yoghurt Salak, Yoghurt nangka, Yoghurt pisang , dan Yoghurt Buah naga.
Pembinaan sistem manajemen usaha keramba jaring apung melalui percontohan usaha
Authors: Effendi Irwan , Wahyuni Sri 
Published: October 2019

Keramba jaring apung (KJA) merupakan salah satu budidaya intensif yang banyak dilakukan di tanah air dan jumlahnya semakin meningkat, termasuk di Danau PLTA Koto Panjang, Kampar. Di daerah ini usaha ini sudah dimulai sejak tahun 1995 dan terus berkembang pesat dan mencapai puncaknya pada tahun 2010-2012. Tahun-tahun berikutnya bisnis ini mulai relatif stagnan dan keuntungan yang diperoleh para pengusaha terus menurun. Akibatnya banyak pengusaha yang mengalami kebangkrutan dan menutup usaha. Berlatarbelakang ini penulis tertarik untuk membuat unit usaha percontohan sebagai role model pola manajemen usaha yang tepat bagi usaha KJA. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membantu para pengusaha keramba ikan dalam manajemen usaha melaui pemberian contoh langsung usaha yang serupa. Metoda penyuluhan dan pembinaan yang digunakan adalah demonstrasi melalui percontohan langsung dan komunikasi informal dengan para pengusaha binaan. Role model ini mulai dibangun sejak tahun 2010, dimulai dari 6 unit keramba, usahanya tumbuh dan pada saat ini sudah berjumlah 60 unit keramba. Namun kegiatan pembinaan lebih intensif dilaksanakan sejak tahun 2012. Sebanyak 5 pengusaha dijadikan target binaan utama. Hasilnya 5 pengusaha ini beberapa pengusaha lainnya mulai meniru pola manajemen usaha yang diterapkan di role model dan mereka sampai saat ini masih dapat bertahan dan mulai langkah baru pengembangan usaha tersebut.
Herbage mass and chemical composition of the heterogeneous grasslands affected by harvesting time in Subtropical terrain Nepal
Authors: Pandey Prabin , Bhusal Tej Narayan , Pandey Thaneshwar , Sharma Surya Prasad , Barsila Badrika Devkota , Barsila Shanker Raj 
Published: October 2019

A study was carried out to evaluate the productivity and chemical composition of heterogeneous grasslands at Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU) livestock farm. The four grassland ecotypes were chosen as upland north, upland south, lowland south and lowland north. The dominating herbage species and cover abundance by the botanical groups were studied on day before the harvesting. Later, the herbage dry matter productivity was estimated by quadrat cutting during May and June, 2017. Chemical analysis was done by using the proximate method for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF) and ether extract (EE) content. Research results showed that the AFU grassland dominated by perennial grasses and sedges followed by the forbs. The mean coverage of grasses and sedges was about 55%, whilst that of forbs was about 29% and the least was for legumes (about 4%). The cumulative herbage mass was about 1.53 t/ ha on the DM basis, whilst the highest DM was found in the upland-south (1.74 t/ha) and the least was in the upland-north (1.334 t/ha). The proximate analysis further revealed that the site had no effect on CF content, whilst the CP was significant only at the second harvest for the lowland north (8.34%). Data revealed that the herbage composition might depend upon the soil moisture availability and geographical aspect. The dominance of perennial grasses at AFU grasslands revealed the yield stability, but needs the improvement through inoculation with leguminous forages for improved feed quality.
Participatory on-farm evaluation of wheat genotypes
Authors: Pandey Deepak , Chaudhari Hemant Kumar , Upadhyay Shesh Raman , Gautam Nutan Raj , Ghimire Bhakti Ram , Shrestha Jiban , Thapa Dhruba Bahadur 
Published: October 2019

In wheat development programs, the evaluation and identification of superior genotypes is the first and leading step in a crop improvement program. Coordinated Farmer’s Field Trial (CFFT) was conducted during the three successive wheat growing season of 2010/11, 2011/12 and 2012/13. In CFFT six different wheat genotypes were planted in different outreach sites of research stations of Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) at varying geographical regions. CFFT was conducted according to standard recommended practices of wheat at farmers’ field with different sets of genotypes for Terai and hill. In CFFT for Terai Tar and Lower valley (TTL) under timely sown irrigated (TSI) condition wheat genotype NL 1073 produced the grain yield of 3695 kg/ha and under the timely sown rainfed (TSR) that was 2738 kg/ha in 2010/11. In 2011/12, wheat genotype NL 1073 had the highest recorded grain yield of 3691 kg/ha in mid western region which was followed by check variety Vijay in CFFT-TTL in 2011/12 in the same region. Similarly in 2012/13, check variety Vijay showed the highest grain yield of 3818 kg/ha and 3044 kg/ha followed by NL 1094 (2938 kg/ha and 3468 kg/ha) in TSR and TSI environments, respectively. In CFFT for Mid and High Hill (MHH) WK 1204 had the highest grain yield of 3967 kg/ha in TSI which was followed by NL 1008 with the yield of 3890 in 2010/11. In 2011/12 the highest mean grain yield was observed in WK 1204 (4242 kg/ha) followed by BL 3872 (3922 kg/ha). Similarly, in 2012/13 NL 1008 was the best genotypes on the basis of grain yield (3297 kg/ha) followed by NL 1055 (3131 kg/ha) under CFFT-MHH.
اللغة العـــــــــربية الفصحى واللهجة العـــــــــــامية المصرية
Authors: Doni Chaterina Puteri 
Published: October 2019

تجريد البحث
تتناول هذه الدراسة اللغة العربية الفصحى والعامية المصرية. القضايا التي سيتم مناقشتها في هذه الرسالة هو حول كيفية الفرق المفردات والمحادثة بين اللغة العربية الفصحى و العامية المصرية. طرق البحث المستخدمة في هذه الطريقة هي دراسة أدبيات البحوث. أي من خلال تتبع مصادر البيانات من مختلف الكتب الداب مختلف القراءات. مع الطريقة المستخدمة في هذه الدراسة هو أسلوب نوعي. النتائج المتحصل عليها من دراسة اللغة العربية الفصحى والعامية المصرية هذا هو كما يلي: بين العربية الفصحى واللهجة العامية المصرية هناك تغيير يذكر في سرد بعض الشخصيات على سبيل, حروف"ال" في بداية كلمة في القراءة تراجعت, حرف علة نهائية الكلمة بالكامل في الوقف, حروف العلة "ئى" قراءة "ئى" و حروف العلة "ئو" قراءة "ئو", في الجملة المثنى والمرفوعة لا تنتهي مع ان ولكن مع ين, الجمع المرفوعة الجملة هي أيضا ليست تنتهي مع "ون" ولكن مع "ين", رسالة الكلمة بأكملها الصوتية في نهاية الوقف العوامل التي تسبب الفرق. وتشمل هذه العوامل: الاختلاف في البيئة الجغرافية, تنوع الظروف الاجتماعية, غرائز التواصل الإنساني, العوامل الثقافية, والتاريخية, السياسية والاقتصادية، والسلطة.
KEFEKTIFAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED INSTRUCTION (PBI) DAN MODEL SINEKTIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS CERPEN SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Komalasari Dina 
Published: October 2019

Tujuan penelitian eksperimen ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas model Problem Based Instruction (PBI) dan model sinektik dalam pembelajaran menulis cerita pendek pada siswa sekolah menengah pertama di suatu sekolah di Kabupaten Wakatobi, Sulawesi Tenggara. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga hendak mengetahui bagaimana perbandingan efektivitas kedua model tersebut. Melalui strategi kontrol grup pre-tes-post-tes, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII yang berjumlah 47 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pembelajaran menulis cerpen dengan menggunakan model PBI telah memenuhi kriteria keefektifan, begitu juga dengan pembelajaran menulis cerpen dengan menggunakan model sinektik. Hasil rata-rata nilai tes akhir siswa menunjukkan bahwa kelas yang melaksanakan pembelajaran menulis cerpen dengan menggunakan model sinektik sudah mencapai ketuntasan belajar individual. Kata Kunci: Efektivitas; pembelajaran menulis cerpen; problem based instruction; sinektik