bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical description of the electronic properties and intrinsic chemical reactivity of organic compounds derived from 1,3-Benzoxazole
Authors: Rivera E S , Ávila O I , Neira O L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The electronic and intrinsic chemical reactivity properties of four single ring chain structure organic compounds derived from 1,3-Benzoxazole, based on to mono- and bi-substitution of acceptor and donor fragments of electrons. This theoretical study was motivated by the need to inquire specifically about the effect of electric charge transfer individual and simultaneous of the substitutes into one of the parent compound phenyl rings. The amino and nitro groups were used as fragments, respectively. The results found from this study are important because it provides key aspects to understand mechanisms for the design of novel structures for the development of new materials with appropriate properties and explore their potential use as biomarkers, active media for tunable lasers, or active layers for solar cells and suggest their possible use for these applications based on 27-Phenyl-30-Oxazol-2-Phenyl-1,3-Benzoxazole from the comparative study of their electronic and chemical reactivity properties of 27-Phenyl-30-Oxazol-2-Phenyl-1,3-Benzoxazole and compounds derived. The Gaussian 03 software suite was used as a computer calculation tool, while the calculations were computed by using the hybrid functional that combines Becke’s three-parameter exchange functional with Lee Yang Parr’s correlation functional.
Full Monte Carlo internal dosimetry in nuclear medicine by means of GAMOS
Authors: Amato Ernesto , Auditore Lucrezia , Italiano Antonio , Pistone Daniele , Arce Pedro , Campennì Alfredo , Baldari Sergio 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Three-dimensional internal dosimetry is increasingly used in diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine. Even if simplified calculation approaches are currently available, the full Monte Carlo simulation of the radiation spectra emitted by nuclides and its interaction in living matter remains the gold standard in terms of accuracy of results. We developed a procedure exploiting the GAMOS (GEANT4-based Architecture for Medicine-Oriented Simulations) interface to GEANT4 (Geometry and Tracking 4) Monte Carlo, together with ad-hoc implemented ancillary codes for managing I/O. SPECT and PET images were employed to model the 3D distribution of radionuclide emissions in a voxelized volume whose density and composition was obtained from CT scan. All pre-treatments of SPECT, PET and CT images, including registration, segmentation of Volumes Of Interest (VOIs) and calculation of Time-Integrated Activity (TIA) maps for multiple time-points imaging, were carried out through either the commercial Philips Imalytics or the free 3D-Slicer software. We applied our procedure to SPECT-CT pre-therapeutic imaging with 99mTc-MAA of Trans-Arterial Radio-Embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma and to 18F-Choline PET-CT scans. Three-dimensional absorbed dose maps, dose profiles and Dose-Volume Histograms (DVHs) were produced and compared with results coming from Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) approach at organ level. Discrepancies were mainly found where photon contribution to absorbed dose is dominant as well as in presence of relevant tissue inhomogeneities.
Gamma ray detection with CHIMERA at LNS: results and perspectives
Authors: Cardella G , Favela F , Martorana N S , Acosta L , Andres M V , Camaiani A , De Filippo E , De Luca S , Gelli N , Geraci E , Gnoffo B , Guazzoni C , Marín-Lámbarri D J , Lanza E G , Lanzalone G , Maiolino C , Nannini A , Pagano A , Pagano E V , Papa M , Pirrone S , Politi G , Pollacco E , Quattrocchi L , Rizzo F , Russotto P , Santonocito D , Sicari V , Trifirò A , Trimarchi M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We describe the use of the 4tt CHIMERA charged particle detector as a large efficiency y-ray detector. The CsI(Tl) stage of the CHIMERA telescope is used to detect and identify y-rays. The high detection efficiency and the sufficient energy resolution guaranteed by CsI(Tl) allows us to use the detector for the study of rare decays. Two examples are reported: the low probability gamma decay (<10%) of the Pygmy resonance of a radioactive nucleus as the 68Ni; the measurement of the gamma decay probability of excited levels of 12C as the Hoyle state at 7.65 (∼10−4) MeV and the 3- level at 9.64 MeV (∼107), both important for the Carbon production in stars. Future experiments made possible at INFN-LNS by the availability of the new fragment separator FRAISE are also outlined.
Towards mapping the diversity of canopy structure from space with GEDI
Authors: Schneider Fabian D , Ferraz António , Hancock Steven , Duncanson Laura I , Dubayah Ralph O , Pavlick Ryan P , Schimel David S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Plant biodiversity supports life on Earth and provides a range of important ecosystem services, but is under severe pressure by global change. Structural diversity plays a crucial role for carbon, water and energy cycles and animal habitats. However, it is very difficult to map and monitor over large areas, limiting our ability to assess the status of biodiversity and predict change. NASA’s Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) provides a new opportunity to measure 3D plant canopy structure of the world’s temperate, Mediterranean and tropical ecosystems, but its potential to map structural diversity is not yet tested. Here, we use wall-to-wall airborne laser scanning (ALS) to simulate GEDI data (GEDI
sim
) over 7380 km2 in the southern Sierra Nevada mountains in California and evaluate how well GEDI’s sampling scheme captures patterns of structural diversity. We evaluate functional richness and functional beta diversity in a biodiversity hot spot. GEDI
sim
performed well for trait retrievals (r2 = 0.68) and functional richness mapping (r2 = 0.75) compared to ALS retrievals, despite lower correlations in complex terrain with steep slopes. Functional richness patterns were strongly associated with soil organic carbon stocks and density as well as variables related to water availability and could be appropriately mapped by GEDI
sim
with and without cloud cover. Functional beta diversity was more strongly related to local changes in topography and more challenging to map, especially with decreasing sampling density. The reduced number of GEDI
sim
shots when simulating cloud cover lead to a strong overestimation of beta diversity and a reduction of r2 from 0.64 to 0.40 compared to ALS. The ability to map functional richness has been demonstrated with potential application at continental scales that could be transformative for our understanding of large-scale patterns of plant canopy structure, diversity and potential links to animal diversity, movement and habitats.
Aquaculture performance in Indonesia: economics and social perspectives
Authors: Oktopura A A D , Fauzi A , Sugema K , Mulyati H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aquaculture is one of the fisheries sub-sectors that play a strategic role in national development. Currently, the aquaculture sector contributes significantly to both food security and national economic growth. This study aims to analyze the performance of aquaculture in 6 major islands located in Indonesia at the period of 2010 to 2018. The research was carried out with quantitative and qualitative approaches using descriptive analysis, taking into account economic and social aspects. Economic aspects were measured by five variable indicators, namely Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and aquaculture production volume, budget value, aquaculture land area and the number of fish farmer households. Social aspects were measured based on five variables of fish cultivator exchange rate (NTPi), budget value, price index received by fish cultivation, household consumption index, production cost index. The results showed that the contribution of aquaculture was fairly significant toward the achievement of national development goals, although not all indicators were able to achieve the set targets.
Water quality in floating net cages pond of humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) infected by viral nervous necrosis
Authors: Yanuhar U , Caesar NR , Junirahma NS , Deliza Y , Musa M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) is widely cultured in Indonesia due to its various advantages. Yet, the issue with humpback grouper pisciculture is the fact that it is prone to diseases, including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. The several disease-causing agents, viruses are quite dangerous agents. One of the viruses that can cause the failure of C. altivelis pond is Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN), which causes stress due to poor water quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of water quality in grouper floating net cages infected by VNN. The research method used in this research was the descriptive method with surveillance survey techniques, including measurement and analysis of water quality. Water quality observed include temperature, pH, Dissolved of Oxygen (DO), salinity, nitrate, and phosphate. Water quality sampling was carried out three times. Based on observations of the clinical symptoms of groupers that were indicated to have been infected by VNN, they showed physical signs of blackened skin and protruding eyes as well as swirling movements. The water quality of floating net cages was 26.7°C, 7.49, 8.53 mg L-1, 32, 0.101 mg L-1, and 0.002 mg L-1, for temperature, pH, DO, salinity, nitrate level, and phosphate level, respectively. Based on the results of the study, the quality of water found in grouper aquaculture was still classified as normal. VNN infection in groupers was possible through a vertical pathway derived from the broodstock.
Hematological analysis of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) using hematology analyzer tools and manual at fish seed center, Pasuruan, East Java
Authors: Maftuch  , Sanoesi E , Asmara S D , Haromain A F , Nurcholis A , Wijanarko E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Hematology is one of the branches of science used to determine the condition of fish. In the calculation of blood cells in fish takes a relatively long time that will affect the accuracy of the results of blood cell calculations. Therefore, to overcome the problem, the research on hematology analysis is crucial. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of hematology analyzer tools and hand tally counter and to know the description of differential components of leukocytes, hematocrit, and hemoglobin in Common carp. The method used was the experimental and descriptive method. The results showed that hematology analyzer tools more accurate and efficient than using the hand tally counter. The application of Hematology analyzer tools resulted in a more accurate calculation of erythrocyte cells and leukocyte cells compared to manually using a hand tally counter.
Identification of the potential of brown seaweed (phaeophyceae) as an antibacterial against the pathogenic bacterium vibrio spp
Authors: Isroni W , Bahri A S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The high density of stocking as a consequence of increased aquaculture production turns out to have another effect, namely the disruption of the fish health system. The disruption of the health is due to the limited space and the unconsumed feed. The decline in water quality is followed by a decrease in endurance, making it easier for fish to contract the disease. Various types of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anticoagulant, and other biological activities have been used to increase the survival of fish. Many natural ingredients can be used as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anticoagulant, and other biological activities, including brown seaweed (Phaeophyceae). The study was conducted using the experimental method. Antibacterial testing followed the agar diffusion method. The results showed that there were three (3) types of brown seaweed (Phaeophyceae), which were potential as anti-bacterial against Vibrio alginolticus and Vibrio Harvey. Rosenvingea orientalis failed to show antibacterial capacity.
Effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) on the non-specific immune response of carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Isroni W , Bahri A S , Siswarini  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
One natural ingredient that can enhance non-specific immune responses and fish growth is garlic powder. Garlic is one of the natural plants that contain active ingredients, such as sulfur compounds: allicin, disulfide, trisulfide; enzymes: alinase, pectinase; and amino acids: arginine and minerals like selenium. This study investigated the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on the non-specific immune response of Carp (Cyprinus carpio). The study was conducted using the experimental method. The addition of garlic in this study was: treatment A (0 g/kg of feed), treatment B (5 g/kg of feed), treatment C (10 g/kg of feed), treatment D (15 g/kg of feed). Feed), treatment E (20 g/kg of feed), and treatment F (25 g/kg of feed). The observed parameter was an increase in non-specific immune responses, including total leukocytes and phagocytic activity and absolute growth parameters. Based on the result, garlic extracts increased the non-specific immune response of carp.
Effects of polysaccharides-crude extract from Candida sp. OCL1 on hematological parameters of Aeromonas hydrophila- infected catfish (Pangasius pangasius)
Authors: Hayati R L , Prihanto A A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Fishery processing waste is an environmental problem. Fish waste, such as the head of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus), is underutilized and has a low economic value, even though the waste can be re-processed. The Pangasius pangasius is an important economic fish species in Indonesia. The production usually decreased due to the infection of the bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila. To overcome the infection, the addition of immunostimulant agents is a substantial effort. One of the well-known agents is β-glucan, which can be found in the yeast cell wall. This experiment evaluated the effect of polysaccharides-crude extract from Candida sp. OCL1 (PCEC) with four different concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%) on nonspecific immune parameters of catfish P. pangasius. Results indicated that diet supplementation with PCEC gave a non-significant difference (P > 0.05) in all blood cells parameter (total white blood cell, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, macrophage) and phagocytosis of macrophage activity on day 0. PCEC diet was significant (P < 0.05) affected all hematological parameters. We conclude that the PCEC diet in the feed improves the non-specific immune system of Catfish (P. pangasius).
Growth patterns and condition factor of fish live in Kuala Gigieng waters of Aceh Besar as the basic for sustainable fisheries development
Authors: Dewiyanti I , Aminah S , Helmahera A , Nurfadillah N , Defira C N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Information on the growth pattern and condition factor is crucial for fisheries management. Hence, the objectives of the present study were to determine the growth patterns and condition factor of three fishes species dominated and harvested in Kuala Gigieng waters, Aceh Besar. The observation was carried out from April to May 2019, and the determination of sampling location was conducted using the random stratified sampling method, which was thought to represent Kuala Gigieng waters. There were three repetitions in each sampling location (station). Based on the results of the study, three dominant fishes species harvested in the Kuala Gigieng waters were belanak (Mugil cephalus), kerong-kerong (Terapon jarbua), and bolo-bolo (Atherinomorus lacunosus) as many as 48, 35, and 54 individuals, respectively. The growth pattern in all three fishes were negative allometric (b<3), which means that the increase in fish body length was faster than the fish body weight. The results also showed the correlation coefficient (r) ranged from 0.716 to 0.852. A high correlation coefficient indicated a close relationship between weight gain and length. The value of the condition factor of the three fishes based on the relative weight value (Wr) was above 100, meant that adequate food availability or low predator density and showed the condition of Kuala Gigieng waters was still in balance environmental condition. Generally, the condition of the Kuala Gigeng waters was relatively good and it could support fish growth as well.
Morphometric comparison of Osteochilus spilurus (Bleeker 1851) from Bangka and Belitung Island, Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan A , Hariati A M , Kurniawan A , Darmawan A , Wiadnya D G R 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOsteochilus spilurusis a low economic value freshwater fish in Sumatra, Kalimantan, and the Malay Peninsula. The trade for consuming identified in Belitung island. There is no study-related to their morphological characters of the Bangka and Belitung islands. In this paper,O. Spiluruswas investigated the character adaptations in different exploitation and geography separately by morphometrics and landmarks.O. spilurusfrom Bangka and Belitung island found to have a significant difference in eight morphometric characters: head length, head depth, snout length, pre-ventral length, body depth at anal, caudal pundacleqa depth, dorsal base length, and anal base length. Symmetry and Asymmetry Geometric Data (SAGE) analysis found individual variation significantly. Morphometric changes that are not accompanied by meristic changes indicate a different process of adaptation to the environment due to the isolation of thousands of years of habitat.
Environmental factors associated with decomposition of organic materials and nutrients availability in the water and sediment of Setail River, Banyuwangi, Indonesia
Authors: Perwira I Y , Ulinuha D , Al Zamzami I M , Ahmad F H , Kifly M T H , Wulandari N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study was aimed to know the environmental factors influencing the decomposition of organic materials and nutrient availability in the water and sediment of Setail River. The sediment sample was collected from five locations (SR1, SR2, SR3, SR4, and SR5). The water sample was analyzed for total organic matter (TOM), ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and pH. The sediment sample was analyzed for organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, and total bacterial number. The results showed that the decomposition of organic materials in the water was influenced by several environmental factors, such as DO and COD. The organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total bacterial number in the sediment might also affect the amount of organic materials and nutrients in the water. It was suggested that decomposition of organic materials in the Setail River seemed to be related to the ammonification and nitrification process.
Black soldier fly larvae as nutrient-rich diets for ornamental fish
Authors: Sinansari S , Fahmi M R 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study aims to investigate maggot cultivation and application as an alternative feed for ornamental fish. Maggot or black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larva is one alternative feed that meets the requirements as a source of protein. Research Center for Ornamental Fish Cultivation (BRBIH) of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries has successfully developed maggot as an alternative raw material for protein sources. Maggot or black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larva is one alternative feed that meets the requirements as a source of protein. Besides functioning as a source of protein in fish diet, maggot can be cultivated according to the desired size. Live maggot and maggot flour as feed have been given to both ornamental fish and fish to be used for food. Thus, the use of BSF as an alternative source of protein can reduce production costs in the fishing industry without reducing its quality.
Study on fluorescence spectra: characteristics of broiler and pig blood
Authors: Juniawan A , Suprapto  , Efendi M H , Retnowati R , Kurniawan F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The fluorescence method has been used for identification of blood disease and blood type of human because of specific characteristics. In this research, we observed the fluorescence characteristics of broiler and pig blood. The blood of broiler and pig were obtained from the local slaughterhouse in Surabaya. Each blood was measured directly using fluorescence spectrophotometer. All experiments were conducted at wavelength of 200 nm to 800 nm with scan speed of 500 nm/min and SlitEx/Em of 10nm/10nm. Fluorescence characteristic of the blood samples was shown from these excitation and emission peaks. From investigation, the broiler bloods have fluorescence spectra at 350.5 nm for excitation and 349.7 and 698.0 nm for emission. Meanwhile, the fluorescence characteristic of pig blood was appeared at 311.0 nm and 309.0; 622.0 nm for excitation and emission, respectively. The results showed that between broiler and pig blood have significant different fluorescence characteristic.
Technical study on fish cooling refrigerator using Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) fuel generator on fishing vessel
Authors: Sunardi  , Kadhafi M , Khulwatu M , Rahman M A , Sulkhani E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Fish is an important commodity with high economic value, and is a source of protein with affordable prices and abundant quantities. Proteins from fresh fish are essential nutrients for growth and as constituents of the cells. Yet, fish is one of the most perishable foods due to its composition. Many efforts have been done to maintain the freshness of fish. This research was aimed to improve fish handling in fishing vessel by inventing a refrigerator cooling system with an LPG fuel generator as a power source. The use of LPG was based on the availability of natural gas that is still abundant, environmentally friendly and cheaper than fuel. The calculation of refrigeration heat load was carried out by applying the formula that is available in heat transfer theory. Since the refrigeration heat load obtained was 1,533 Watt for all fish storage of fishing vessel, then the type and capacity of generator was easily determined. Application of LPG-fuel generator for refrigeration use in fishing vessel was economically competitive with 22.75% lower operating costs. Finally, re-arrangement was carried out by adjusting layout of fishing vessel for application of LPG-fuel generators to operate refrigerator.
Effect of different acetic acid concentration on physicochemical characteristics of gelatin from starry trigger fish skin (Abalistes stellaris)
Authors: Muyasyaroh H , Jaziri A A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Starry trigger fish skin (Abalistes stellaris) is generally considered as waste from fish processing industry, especially in the traditional smoked fish industry. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different acid concentrations, used in the immersion process, on the physicochemical characteristics of starry trigger fish skin gelatin. Various concentration of acetic acid (0.2 M; 0.4 M; and 0.6 M) was applied during the gelatin soaking process. The experiment was done in triplicate. The extraction process was carried out for 4 hours at temperature of 55°C. The results showed that different concentration of acetic acid used in the soaking process had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the water, protein, and ash contents, yield, viscosity, gel strength, gelling point, and melting point. The results showed that the higher concentration of acetic acid used during the soaking process would affect the physical and chemical characteristics of gelatin from starry trigger fish skin (Abalistes stellaris).