bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glenohumeral osteoarthritis: an overview of etiology and diagnostics
Authors: Ibounig Thomas , Simons Thomas , Launonen Antti , Paavola Mika 
Published: July 2020

Background and Aims: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the world’s most common joint disease and there is currently no cure. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA) accounts for an estimated 5%–17% of patients with shoulder complaints. The etiology of GHOA is multifactorial, and we review the various non-specific and specific risk factors and further sub-classify them into local and systemic factors. Materials and Methods: Data for this review article were identified by searches of MEDLINE, PubMed, and references from relevant articles using search terms such as “glenohumeral,” “osteoarthritis,” “epidemiology,” “etiology,” “imaging,” and “pathophysiology.” Only articles published in English, German, and Finnish between 1957 and 2017 were included. Results: The prevalence of radiological shoulder OA has been estimated to be as high as 16%–20% in the middle-aged and elderly population, but the concordance between structural findings and symptoms seems to be weak, as many of these individuals are asymptomatic. The vast majority of GHOA is related to non-specific factors, namely advancing age, while specific risk factors are commonly found in young patients. Diagnosis of GHOA is made when typical clinical features and defined radiological findings overlap in an individual. Conclusion: Conclusion: Ultimately the determinants of shoulder pain in GHOA remain incompletely understood. Improved understanding of the etiology and diagnosis of GHOA will enable clinicians to better determine which patients will benefit from different treatment modalities, as well as provide new avenues to potential treatments.
A Novel Universal Endovascular Robot for Peripheral Arterial Stent–Assisted Angioplasty: Initial Experimental Results
Authors: Lu Qingsheng , Shen Yu , Xia Shibo , Chen Bing , Wang Kundong 
Published: July 2020

Background: The bottleneck of the development of endovascular interventional robot is that it cannot fully adapt to commercialized endovascular devices, such as guidewires, catheters, and stents, and cannot complete the entire procedure of endovascular treatment, for instance, stent implantation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the novel universal endovascular interventional robot can adapt to different commercialized endovascular devices and accomplish the entire procedure of endovascular treatment of peripheral vascular disease. Methods and Material: The novel universal endovascular interventional robot consists of 2 components: a master surgeon console and a robotic platform with 4 manipulators. An adult pig was served as the experimental animal. Bilateral iliac artery stent implantation was performed on the pig by the endovascular interventional robot using commercialized guidewires, catheters, and stent delivery systems. Results: The novel universal endovascular interventional robot can adapt to commercialized endovascular devices, and most interventional procedures, such as insertion, withdrawal, and rotating, can be done through remote control. By coordinating multiple manipulators, complex actions such as superselection, crossing action, or implantation of self-expanding bare stent can be realized. The entire procedure took about 50 minutes, and the total exposure time of the surgeon was less than 1 minute. Postoperative angiography showed that the position of the stent grafts was accurate. The procedure was stable without any stent or surgical-related complications. Conclusion: The novel universal endovascular interventional robot can realize peripheral arterial stent-assisted angioplasty with commercialized devices. Through the design improvement, the problem related to stent implantation is solved, and the remote operation is realized throughout the endovascular procedure.
A Comparison of Sphenoid Sinus Osteoneogenesis in Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease
Authors: Malfitano Madison J. , Santarelli Griffin D. , Gelpi Mark , Brown William C. , Stepp Wesley H. , Hernandez Stephen , Kimple Adam J. , Thorp Brian D. , Zanation Adam M. , Ebert Charles S. 
Published: July 2020

Background Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is characterized by excessive leukotriene production, diffuse polyp burden and osteitic bone changes. These bony changes have not been previously characterized. Objective The aim of this radiographic study is to characterize the bony changes noted on computed tomography (CT) scans of the sphenoid sinus in patients with AERD compared to other diseased sinonasal inflammatory states and non-diseased controls. Methods A retrospective review of 43 patients with clinically confirmed AERD were included and compared to 22 non-diseased, 9 allergic fungal sinusitis, and 43 chronic rhinosinusitis controls (23 without polyps and 18 with polyps). Comparative measurements were performed using fine-cut CT scans. Sites of comparison were the intersinus septum, the left and right lateral sphenoid wall, the roof, and left and right floor of the sphenoid sinus. Standardized measurements were averaged by two separate rhinologists. Results Patients with AERD had an average statistically significant increase in bone thickness compared to healthy and diseased controls in nearly every site with the most pronounced changes in the intersinus septum (p < 0.05). Conclusion Patients with AERD have significantly increased thickness of the sphenoid bone compared to control groups with the most pronounced difference in the intersinus septum. These findings may help clinicians increase suspicion for a diagnosis of AERD who clinically have diffuse nasal polyposis.
PFBNet: a priori-fused boosting method for gene regulatory network inference
Authors: Che Dandan , Guo Shun , Jiang Qingshan , Chen Lifei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Inferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from gene expression data remains a challenge in system biology. In past decade, numerous methods have been developed for the inference of GRNs. It remains a challenge due to the fact that the data is noisy and high dimensional, and there exists a large number of potential interactions.

Results
We present a novel method, namely priori-fused boosting network inference method (PFBNet), to infer GRNs from time-series expression data by using the non-linear model of Boosting and the prior information (e.g., the knockout data) fusion scheme. Specifically, PFBNet first calculates the confidences of the regulation relationships using the boosting-based model, where the information about the accumulation impact of the gene expressions at previous time points is taken into account. Then, a newly defined strategy is applied to fuse the information from the prior data by elevating the confidences of the regulation relationships from the corresponding regulators.

Conclusions
The experiments on the benchmark datasets from DREAM challenge as well as the E.coli datasets show that PFBNet achieves significantly better performance than other state-of-the-art methods (Jump3, GEINE3-lag, HiDi, iRafNet and BiXGBoost).
Seamless integration of image and molecular analysis for spatial transcriptomics workflows
Authors: Bergenstråhle Joseph , Larsson Ludvig , Lundeberg Joakim 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Recent advancements in in situ gene expression technologies constitute a new and rapidly evolving field of transcriptomics. With the recent launch of the 10x Genomics Visium platform, such methods have started to become widely adopted. The experimental protocol is conducted on individual tissue sections collected from a larger tissue sample. The two-dimensional nature of this data requires multiple consecutive sections to be collected from the sample in order to construct a comprehensive three-dimensional map of the tissue. However, there is currently no software available that lets the user process the images, align stacked experiments, and finally visualize them together in 3D to create a holistic view of the tissue.

Results
We have developed an R package named STUtility that takes 10x Genomics Visium data as input and provides features to perform standardized data transformations, alignment of multiple tissue sections, regional annotation, and visualizations of the combined data in a 3D model framework.

Conclusions
STUtility lets the user process, analyze and visualize multiple samples of spatially resolved RNA sequencing and image data from the 10x Genomics Visium platform. The package builds on the Seurat framework and uses familiar APIs and well-proven analysis methods. An introduction to the software package is available at https://ludvigla.github.io/STUtility_web_site/.
Intestinal parasites co-infection among tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alemu Ayinalem , Bitew Zebenay Workneh , Worku Teshager 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTuberculosis and intestinal parasites are mostly affecting poor people. They are in a vicious since one is the risk factor for the other. However, the comprehensive report on the burden and co-incidence of intestinal parasites and tuberculosis in Ethiopia is scant. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide abridge conclusive evidence on the intestinal parasite-tuberculosis co-infection in Ethiopia.MethodsA total of 414 articles published in English were searched from both electronic databases (CINAHL, DOAJ, Embase, Emcare, Medline, ProQuest, and PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science) and other sources. The qualities of the included studies were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools and the publication bias was measured using the funnel plot and Eggers regression test. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) Version 3.3.07 and Review Manager software were used to estimate pooled prevalence and associations of intestinal parasites and tuberculosis infection.ResultsEleven articles with a total of 3158 tuberculosis patients included in the analysis based on the eligibility criteria. The estimated pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites co-infection was 33% (95% CI: 23.3, 44.3) using the random-effects model. The most common intestinal parasites wereAscaris lumbricoides10.5% (95% CI: 6.0, 17.5),Hookworm9.5% (95% CI: 6.10, 14.4),Giardia lamblia5.7% (95% CI: 2.90, 10.9) andStrongyloides sterocoralis5.6% (95% CI: 3.3, 9.5). The odds of intestinal parasites infection was higher among tuberculosis patients compared to tuberculosis free individuals (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.17, 2.63). A significant difference was observed among TB patients for infection with intestinal helminths (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.07, 3.80) but not for intestinal protozoans when compared with their counterparts. The odds of multiple parasitic infections was higher among tuberculosis patients (OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.90, 3.55) compared to tuberculosis free individuals. However, intestinal parasites co-infection was not associated withHIVstatus among tuberculosis patients (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.71, 1.32).ConclusionOne-third of tuberculosis patients are co-infected with one or more intestinal parasites, and they are more likely to be infected with intestinal helminths and multiple intestinal parasitic infections compared to TB free individuals. We recommend routine screening of tuberculosis patients for intestinal parasites. The effect of mass deworming on tuberculosis incidence would be important to be considered in future researches.Trial registrationRegistered on PROSPERO with reference number ID:CRD42019135350.
Real-world adherence to, and persistence with, once- and twice-daily oral disease-modifying drugs in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nicholas Jacqueline A. , Edwards Natalie C. , Edwards Roger A. , Dellarole Anna , Grosso Megan , Phillips Amy L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Nonadherence to disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with poorer clinical outcomes, including higher rates of relapse and disease progression, and higher medical resource use. A systematic review and quantification of adherence and persistence with oral DMDs would help clarify the extent of nonadherence and nonpersistence in patients with MS to help prescribers make informed treatment plans and optimize patient care.
The objectives were to: 1) conduct a systematic literature review to assess the availability and variability of oral DMD adherence and/or persistence rates across ‘real-world’ data sources; and 2) conduct meta-analyses of the rates of adherence and persistence for once- and twice-daily oral DMDs in patients with MS using real-world data.

Methods
A systematic review of studies published between January 2010 and April 2018 in the PubMed database was performed. Only studies assessing once- and twice-daily oral DMDs were available for inclusion in the analysis. Study quality was evaluated using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, a tool for assessing quality of observational studies. The random effects model evaluated pooled summary estimates of nonadherence.

Results
From 510 abstracts, 31 studies comprising 16,398 patients with MS treated with daily oral DMDs were included. Overall 1-year mean medication possession ratio (MPR; n = 4 studies) was 83.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 74.5–92.1%) and proportion of days covered (PDC; n = 4 studies) was 76.5% (95% CI 72.0–81.1%). Pooled 1-year MPR ≥80% adherence (n = 6) was 78.5% (95% CI 63.5–88.5%) and PDC ≥80% (n = 5 studies) was 71.8% (95% CI 59.1–81.9%). Pooled 1-year discontinuation (n = 20) was 25.4% (95% CI 21.6–29.7%).

Conclusions
Approximately one in five patients with MS do not adhere to, and one in four discontinue, daily oral DMDs before 1 year. Opportunities to improve adherence and ultimately patient outcomes, such as patient education, medication support/reminders, simplified dosing regimens, and reducing administration or monitoring requirements, remain. Implementation of efforts to improve adherence are essential to improving care of patients with MS.
Differentiation of arterial and venous neurovascular conflicts estimates the clinical outcome after microvascular decompression in trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Müller Sebastian , Khadhraoui Eya , Khanafer Ali , Psychogios Marios , Rohde Veit , Tanrikulu Levent 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Balanced Steady State Free Precession (b-SSFP) sequences and the newly developed Fast-Spin-Echo (FSE)-sequences enable an optimized visualization of neurovascular compression (NVC) in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Arterial conflicts are mostly associated with a favorable outcome of microvascular decompression (MVD) compared to venous conflicts. An additional Time-of-Flight (TOF) angiography provides the differentiation between offending arteries and veins and a precise counselling of the patient concerning postoperative pain relief. The goal of this study was to analyze the reliability and impact of the combination of highly-resoluted MRI techniques on the correct prediction of the vessel type and the estimation of postoperative outcome of microvascular decompression (MVD).

Methods
In total, 48 patients (m/f: 32/16) underwent MVD for TN. All the preoperative imaging data (T2: b-SFFP and FSE, MRA: TOF) were compared to the intraoperative microsurgical findings during MVD. b-SFFP was available in 14 patients, FSE in 34 patients and an additional TOF sequence was available in 38 patients (9 times in combination with b-SSFP, 29 times in combination with FSE). The patients were categorized into four subgroups: 1) NVC negative, 2) venous NVC, 3) arterial NVC, 4) combined arterial and venous NVC. The preoperative MRI findings were compared to the intraoperative morphological findings. Postoperative pain relief was quantified by the Barrow Neurological Institute pain score.

Results
Twenty-five purely arterial NVC, 9 purely venous NVC and 5 combined arterial and venous NVC were detected by MRI. In 9 cases NVC was absent on MRI. Overall, the MRI findings correctly predicted the intraoperative findings in 91.7% of the 48 patients. The percentage of correct prediction increased from 80 to 94.7%, when TOF angiography was adjoined.

Conclusion
The visualization of the trigeminal nerve using sequences such as b-SSFP or FSE in combination with TOF angiography enables an optimized delineation of arterial and venous neurovascular conflicts and may allow a more reliable differentiation between veins and arteries, resulting in superior prediction of postoperative pain relief compared to T2 imaging data alone.
Pregnant women’s attitudes and decision-making regarding prenatal Down syndrome screening and diagnosis: scale development and validation
Authors: Huang Wei-Hsiang , Shih Shu-Fang , Lin Chen-Li , Liu Chieh-Hsing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Down syndrome is a common chromosomal abnormality and prenatal screening can inform parents of the risk of their baby having Down syndrome. Little research has examined how decisions regarding both Down syndrome screening as well as diagnosis are made among women who are currently pregnant and how their decisions are influenced by their social contexts, specifically family and social media, using mixed methods. The study was to test the validity and reliability of a scale that measures pregnant women’s attitudes and decision-making concerning prenatal Down syndrome screening and diagnosis in urban areas of Taiwan.

Methods
We developed an item pool based on a literature review and in-depth interviews with 30 pregnant women recruited at two district hospitals in urban areas. The item pool was reviewed by a panel of experts and then administered to 300 women who had been pregnant for less than 24 weeks and had not received the Down syndrome screening tests. We used item analysis and exploratory factor analysis to validate the scale and test its reliability.

Results
The initial item pool had 54 items. After the expert review, three items were deleted. After the item analysis, 16 additional items were deleted. Exploratory factor analysis of the remaining items revealed four factors labeled – “Attitudes towards Down syndrome and Screening Tests,” “Important others’ Attitudes towards Down Syndrome,” “Influence of Important Others on Decision-Making,” and “Influence of Social Media on Decision-Making” – and 16 of the remaining items had satisfactory loadings on those factors, explaining 72.0% of the total variance. The Cronbach’s α values of the dimensions ranged between 0.75 and 0.90, demonstrating satisfactory internal reliability.

Conclusions
The scale has satisfactory validity and reliability, and can be used to understand pregnant women’s attitudes and decision-making regarding Down syndrome screening and diagnosis, and to help design tailored consultations for pregnant women in clinical settings.
Development and validation of a predictive model for estimating EGFR mutation probabilities in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer in New Zealand
Authors: Aye Phyu Sin , Tin Tin Sandar , McKeage Mark James , Khwaounjoo Prashannata , Cavadino Alana , Elwood J. Mark 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Targeted treatment with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is superior to systemic chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR gene mutations. Detection of EGFR mutations is a challenge in many patients due to the lack of suitable tumour specimens for molecular testing or for other reasons. EGFR mutations are more common in female, Asian and never smoking NSCLC patients.

Methods
Patients were from a population-based retrospective cohort of 3556 patients diagnosed with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer in northern New Zealand between 1 Feb 2010 and 31 July 2017. A total of 1694 patients were tested for EGFR mutations, of which information on 1665 patients was available for model development and validation. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed based on 1176 tested patients, and validated in 489 tested patients. Among 1862 patients not tested for EGFR mutations, 129 patients were treated with EGFR-TKIs. Their EGFR mutation probabilities were calculated using the model, and their duration of benefit and overall survival from the start of EGFR-TKI were compared among the three predicted probability groups: < 0.2, 0.2–0.6, and > 0.6.

Results
The model has three predictors: sex, ethnicity and smoking status, and is presented as a nomogram to calculate EGFR mutation probabilities. The model performed well in the validation group (AUC = 0.75). The probability cut-point of 0.2 corresponds 68% sensitivity and 78% specificity. The model predictions were related to outcome in a group of TKI-treated patients with no biopsy testing available (n = 129); in subgroups with predicted probabilities of < 0.2, 0.2–0.6, and > 0.6, median overall survival times from starting EGFR-TKI were 4.0, 5.5 and 18.3 months (p = 0.02); and median times remaining on EGFR-TKI treatment were 2.0, 4.2, and 14.0 months, respectively (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our model may assist clinical decision making for patients in whom tissue-based mutation testing is difficult or as a supplement to mutation testing.
The effects of cognitive behavioural therapy on depression and quality of life in patients with maintenance haemodialysis: a systematic review
Authors: Ling Chen , Evans Debra , Zhang Yunfang , Luo Jianying , Hu Yanping , Ouyang Yuxia , Tang Jiamin , Kuang Ziqiao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Depression is highly prevalent among Haemodialysis (HD) patients and is known to results in a series of adverse outcomes and poor quality of life (QoL). Although cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been shown to improve depressive symptoms and QoL in other chronic illness, there is uncertainty in terms of the effectiveness of CBT in HD patients with depression or depressive symptoms.

Methods
All randomised controlled trials relevant to the topic were retrieved from the following databases: CINHAL, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO and CENTRAL. The grey literature, specific journals, reference lists of included studies and trials registers website were also searched. Data was extracted or calculated from included studies that had measured depression and quality of life using valid and reliable tools –this included mean differences or standardised mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to identify the methodological quality of the included studies.

Results
Six RCTs were included with varying methodological quality. Meta-analysis was undertaken for 3 studies that employed the CBT versus usual care. All studies showed that the depressive symptoms significantly improved after the CBT. Furthermore, CBT was more effective than usual care (MD = − 5.28, 95%CI − 7.9 to − 2.65, P = 0.37) and counselling (MD = − 2.39, 95%CI − 3.49 to − 1.29), while less effective than sertraline (MD = 2.2, 95%CI 0.43 to 3.97) in alleviating depressive symptoms. Additionally, the CBT seems to have a beneficial effect in improving QoL when compared with usual care, while no significant difference was found in QoL score when compared CBT with sertraline.

Conclusions
CBT may improve depressive symptoms and QoL in HD patients with comorbid depressive symptoms. However, more rigorous studies are needed in this field due to the small quantity and varied methodological quality in the identified studies.