bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deterioration of initially accepted radiological alignment of conservatively treated AO type-C distal radius fractures: mid-term outcome
Authors: Raudasoja Leena , Vastamäki Heidi , Aspinen Samuli 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background and aims
It still remains controversial how often the once-accepted radiological alignment of an AO type-C distal radius fracture deteriorates after conservative treatment, and to what extent this deterioration is perhaps associated with patient-rated outcome measures (PROms). Thus, we aimed to evaluate this radiological deterioration and its association with mid-term functional follow-up.

Patients and methods
We retrospectively reviewed 66 patients (mean age at fracture 53 years, SD 14.1, range 18–73, female 65%) with 68 C-type distal radius fractures at a mean of 6.7 years (SD 0.5 years, range 5.8–7.7 years) after primary closed reduction and cast immobilization. Radiographs of the wrists were taken and analysed for any radial shortening, dorsal tilt or step-off at the joint surface. Range of motion and grip strength were measured. In addition to the radiological result, primary outcome measures included Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QDash) and Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE).

Results
At mid-term follow-up, an acceptable anatomical radiological result was seen in only 22 wrists (32%). Deterioration of the once-achieved and accepted primary alignment was seen in a majority of cases (68%). Radial shortening of ≥ 2 mm was found in 34 wrists (51%, mean 4 mm, range 2–8 mm), with no association with QDash (12.8 vs. 5.5, p = 0.22) or PRWE (9.1 vs. 5.7, p = 0.40). Only four patients (6%) showed step-off at the joint surface (mean 1.1 mm, range 0.5–2 mm). Twenty-two wrists (32%) showed dorsal tilt of ≥ 10° (five with volar tilt of 15°–25°), with no effect on QDash or PRWE (14.7 vs. 6.5, p = 0.241 and 10.1 vs. 5.8, p = 0.226). Altogether, patients with dorsal tilt, step-off or shortening did not show significantly worse QDash (10.3 vs. 5.7, p = 0.213) or PRWE (8.1 vs. 5.1, p = 0.126) versus those with none. Twenty-nine (43%) of the patients had deficits in range of motion (ROM), either in extension (39%), flexion (43%), supination (16%) or pronation (4%), or combinations of these. Worse extension was associated with worse QDash (15.9 vs. 5.0, p = 0.037), flexion deficit with worse PRWE (11.5 vs. 4.4, p = 0.005) and supination deficit with both QDash (21.7 vs. 6.8, p = 0.025) and PRWE (18.9 vs. 5.2, p = 0.007).

Conclusions
The initially accepted radiological alignment of AO type-C radius fractures deteriorated in a majority of cases during conservative treatment. However, this deterioration was fairly mild and showed no significant association with functional outcome. Restricted ROM showed some association with PROms.

Level of evidence
IV.
Effect of hyperextension of the neck (rose position) on cerebral blood oxygenation in patients who underwent cleft palate reconstructive surgery: prospective cohort study using near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Smarius B.J.A. , Breugem C.C. , Boasson M.P. , Alikhil S. , van Norden J. , van der Molen A.B. Mink , de Graaff J.C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To facilitate the best approach during cleft palate surgery, children are positioned with hyperextension of the neck. Extensive head extension may induce intraoperative cerebral ischemia if collateral flow is insufficient. To evaluate and monitor the effect of cerebral blood flow on cerebral tissue oxygenation, near-infrared spectroscopy has proved to be a valuable method. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify whether hyperextension affects the cerebral tissue oxygenation in children during cleft palate surgery.

Materials and methods
This prospective study included children (ASA 1 and 2) under the age of 3 years old who underwent cleft palate repair at the Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, in The Netherlands. Data were collected for date of birth, cleft type, date of cleft repair, and physiological parameters (MAP, saturation, heart rate, expiratory CO2 and O2, temperature, and cerebral blood oxygenation) during surgery. The cerebral blood oxygenation was measured with NIRS.

Results
Thirty-four children were included in this study. The majority of the population was male (61.8%, n = 21). The mixed model analyses showed a significant drop at time of Rose position of − 4.25 (69–74 95% CI; p < 0.001) and − 4.39 (69–74 95% CI; p < 0.001). Postoperatively, none of the children displayed any neurological disturbance.

Conclusion
This study suggests that hyperextension of the head during cleft palate surgery leads to a significant decrease in cerebral oxygenation. Severe cerebral desaturation events during surgery were uncommon and do not seem to be of clinical relevance in ASA 1 and 2 children.

Clinical relevance
There was a significant drop in cerebral oxygenation after positioning however it is not clear whether this drop is truly significant physiologically in ASA 1 and 2 patients.
Fasciocutaneous anterolateral thigh flaps for complex abdominal wall reconstruction after resection of enterocutaneous fistulas and the role of indocyanine green angiography: a pilot study
Authors: Pruimboom T. , Ploegmakers I. B. M. , Bijkerk E. , Breukink S. O. , van der Hulst R. R. W. J. , Qiu S. S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
No previous study reported the use of a fasciocutaneous anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap combined with a biological mesh for abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) after enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) in a single-staged procedure and the use of Indocyanine Green Angiography (ICGA) intraoperatively. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and safety of this procedure and to examine the added value of ICGA in minimizing postoperative complications.

Methods
A single-institution review of a prospectively maintained database was conducted at Maastricht University Medical Center. To evaluate the feasibility and safety of this procedure, early (≤ 30 days) and late (> 30 days) postoperative complications were assessed. ECF recurrence was considered the primary outcome. To examine the added value of ICGA, complications in the ICGA group and the non-ICGA group were compared descriptively.

Results
Ten consecutive patients, with a mean age of 66.7 years, underwent a single-staged AWR with fasciocutaneous ALT flaps. Mean follow-up was 17.4 months (4.3–28.2). Two early ECF recurrences were observed. Both restored without the need for reoperation. A lower rate of early complications was observed in the ICGA group compared to the non-ICGA group.

Conclusion
The combination of a biological mesh and fasciocutaneous ALT flap is feasible and safe in AWR after ECF repair in a single-staged approach, with an acceptable complication rate in a cohort of complex patients operated in a dedicated center. ECF closure was achieved in all patients. ICGA seems to be of great added value in minimizing postoperative complications during AWR.
Designing flight deck applications: combining insight from end-users and ergonomists
Authors: Parnell Katie J. , Banks Victoria A. , Allison Craig K. , Plant Katherine L. , Beecroft Peter , Stanton Neville A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTechnological advancement brings opportunities for enhanced information, support, and functionality within the flight deck. Whilst this has many benefits to the pilot and the overall safety of the aircraft, the practical integration of new technologies needs to be carefully considered throughout the entirety of the design process. The application of Human Factors methods must ensure that new technologies do not expose the system to new failures. This paper compares two methods of generating design recommendations for new technological features; the system human error reduction and prediction approach (SHERPA) and the Design with Intent (DwI) method. The assimilation of the recommendations from both methods presents interesting findings that highlight the benefits of integrating end-users within structured Human Factors methods to generate effective and usable technological interfaces. Case examples showing the similarities and differences between the concepts that the two methods generate are presented. The practicalities in using each approach within a Human Factors-driven design process are also discussed. The findings highlight the importance of end-user engagement in the early phases of the design lifecycle and how this relates to a Human Factors approach to design.
An Exploratory Study of a Dimensional Assessment of the Diagnostic Criteria for Autism
Authors: Brosnan Mark 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrevalence rates of autism based upon child samples have shown a consistent increase over the past three decades, suggesting that many autistic adults are undiagnosed. Adult diagnostic pathways typically are initiated with measures of autistic-like traits. Whilst autistic-like traits represent a continuous dimension across the general population, autism is a categorical diagnosis and the relationship between the two is unclear. A self-report dimensional reflection upon the two diagnostic criteria for autism was developed and reflected upon by 1076 participants embedded within two online surveys. Those with an informal (self) diagnosis of autism self-reported comparable social difficulties but fewer restricted and repetitive behaviour difficulties than those with a formal diagnosis of autism. The new items also significantly correlated with autistic-like traits.
Need Satisfaction and Optimal Functioning at Leisure and Work: A Longitudinal Validation Study of the DRAMMA Model
Authors: Kujanpää Miika , Syrek Christine , Lehr Dirk , Kinnunen Ulla , Reins Jo Annika , de Bloom Jessica 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn recent years, there has been an increasing interest in psychological need satisfaction and its role in promoting optimal functioning. The DRAMMA model integrates existing need and recovery models to explain why leisure is connected to optimal functioning (i.e., high well-being and low ill-being). It encompasses six psychological needs: detachment, relaxation, autonomy, mastery, meaning, and affiliation (DRAMMA). While the individual needs of the DRAMMA model have been previously shown to relate to different aspects of optimal functioning, a longitudinal study examining the entire model has not been conducted before. In this longitudinal field study covering leisure and work episodes, we tested the within-person reliability and (construct and criterion) validity of the operationalization of the DRAMMA model in a sample of 279 German employees. Participants filled out measures of DRAMMA need satisfaction and optimal functioning at five measurement times before, during, and after vacation periods in 2016 and 2017. The six-factor model showed good fit to the data. In the multilevel models, relaxation, detachment, autonomy, and mastery had the most consistent within-person effects on optimal functioning, while the relationships between optimal functioning, meaning, and affiliation were considerably weaker. In conclusion, DRAMMA need satisfaction can aid and nurture employees’ optimal functioning.
Convergence of linking Baskakov-type operators
Authors: Abel Ulrich , Heilmann Margareta , Kushnirevych Vitaliy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper we consider a link $$B_{n,\rho }$$Bn,ρ between Baskakov type operators $$B_{n,\infty }$$Bn,∞ and genuine Baskakov–Durrmeyer type operators $$ B_{n,1}$$Bn,1 depending on a positive real parameter $$\rho $$ρ. The topic of the present paper is the pointwise limit relation $$\left( B_{n,\rho }f\right) \left( x\right) \rightarrow \left( B_{n,\infty }f\right) \left( x\right) $$Bn,ρfx→Bn,∞fx as $$\rho \rightarrow \infty $$ρ→∞ for $$x\ge 0.$$x≥0. As a main result we derive uniform convergence on each compact subinterval of the positive real axis for all continuous functions f of polynomial growth.
Anti-adhesion activity of phytochemicals to prevent Campylobacter jejuni biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces
Authors: Klančnik Anja , Šimunović Katarina , Sterniša Meta , Ramić Dina , Smole Možina Sonja , Bucar Franz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBiofilms provide a protective environment for pathogens such as Campylobacter jejuni, the most prevalent foodborne pathogen, and biofilm formation can enhance bacterial survival in hostile environments. Adhesion of bacteria to the different materials of industrial surfaces is the first step in biofilm formation. Modulation of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation thus represent important targets in alternative control strategies for reduction of pathogens in food-processing environments. With the high prevalence of C. jejuni and the lack of effective control measures, new control strategies are needed to block adhesion and biofilm formation on food contact surfaces in the food industry, with a focus here on natural antimicrobial phytochemicals. Plants remain a poorly recognized yet vast source of such antimicrobials. Valuable phytochemicals can be obtained directly from plant materials but also from agro-food by-products and waste materials. These materials represent a source of important plant bioactive phytochemicals that are effective for prevention of bacterial adhesion. In this review, we will focus on the anti-adhesion activities of phytochemicals targeted against C. jejuni, on the appropriate methodologies to determine anti-adhesion effects of phytochemicals, on the mechanisms of C. jejuni adhesion, and thus possible targets for reduction and control of this foodborne pathogen in food processing environments.
Risk attitudes and digit ratio (2D:4D): Evidence from prospect theory
Authors: Neyse Levent , Vieider Ferdinand M. , Ring Patrick , Probst Catharina , Kaernbach Christian , van Eimeren Thilo , Schmidt Ulrich 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrenatal androgens have organizational effects on brain and endocrine system development, which may have a partial impact on economic decisions. Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between prenatal testosterone and financial risk taking, yet results remain inconclusive. We suspect that this is due to difficulty in capturing risk preferences with expected utility based tasks. Prospect theory, on the other hand, suggests that risk preferences differ between gains, losses and mixed prospects, as well as for different probability levels. This study investigates the relationship between financial risk taking and 2D:4D, a putative marker of prenatal testosterone exposure, in the framework of prospect theory. We conducted our study with 350 participants of Caucasian and Asian ethnicities. We do not observe any significant relationship between 2D:4D and risk taking in either of these domains and ethnicities.
A Psychometric Investigation into the Structure of Deception Strategy Use
Authors: Hamlin Iain , Taylor Paul J. , Cross Liam , MacInnes Katharina , Van der Zee Sophie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper uses a data-driven approach to identify the psychological factors that underlie the array of strategies that people use to hide their deceit. Two hundred and nine participants told two lies and two truths and then completed a self-report scale that elicited their experiences when deceiving. A factor analysis of responses produced four factors, three of which were strategic in nature: Nonverbal behaviour control, which relates to attempts to monitor and control nonverbal behaviour when lying; Detail, which relates to attempts to produce detailed, engaging lies; Cognitive difficulty, which relates to the cognitive difficulties experienced when lying and their strategic consequences; and Anxiety, which relates to the negative emotions experienced when deceiving. The results further our understanding of the psychological processes that underpin deception and suggest several potentially fruitful avenues for future research.
Phagentaxonomie in der Next Generation Sequencing-Ära
Authors: Chibani Cynthia Maria , Liesegang Heiko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhages are the biggest known biological entity on earth (about 1031 particles). Due to next generation sequencing methods applied on environmental samples an unpreceeded amount of phage genome data is available. Due to their extreme diversity and the lack of monophyly a sequence based taxonomy is challenging. However, within the phages there are monophyletic subgroups that can be classified based on their genome sequence. A method that combines the shared gene content with taxon specific similarities enables a reliable identification of the phage family based exclusively on the corresponding genome sequence.
Klein, gefährlich und gesprächig — Quorum sensing bei Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Hecher Yannik , Papenfort Kai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo efficiently interact with their environment, bacteria often work in groups to solve complex tasks. Coordination of collective functions requires communication among the members of the group, a process typically referred to as quorum sensing (QS). Marine Vibrio species, including the major human pathogen Vibrio cholerae, have become a model to study the regulatory architecture underlying QS. In this review we summarize how V. cholerae employs QS to regulate virulence, biofilm formation, type-6-secretion, and phage interactions.
Von Plastikmüll zu Plastikwertstoffen — Polymerrecycling neu gedacht
Authors: Tiso Till , Ballerstedt Hendrik , Eberlein Christian , Zimmermann Wolfgang , Wierckx Nick , Blank Lars M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe ever increasing plastic production and the challenges of low recycling quota, microplastic and plastic in the ocean is summarized as plastic crisis, asking for new technology for end-of-life polymer use. We present a value chain for plastic waste developed in the EU project P4SB. Plastic is hydrolysed to its monomers by engineered enzymes and the monomers are the feedstock for engineered microbes to synthesise products of value. This upcycling adds incentives for increased polymer recycling.
A Multiproduct Biorefinery Approach for the Production of Hydrogen, Methane and Volatile Fatty Acids from Agricultural Waste
Authors: Righetti Edoardo , Nortilli Simone , Fatone Francesco , Frison Nicola , Bolzonella David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA pilot scale biorefinery platform for the treatment of agro-waste and the production of hydrogen, methane and volatile fatty acids was studied in real environment. The system adopted was a two stage anaerobic process where hydrogen and volatile fatty acids were produced in the first phase (fermentation) and methane in the second one (digestion). The study demonstrated the possibility to produce a biogas composed by hydrogen and methane (10% and 55%, respectively) while recovering volatile fatty acids. The yield for acids production was equivalent to 0.13 gVFA/gTVS (as COD) with acetate and butyrate as dominant observed species.Graphic Abstract
Comparison of Different Approaches to Include Connection Elements into Frequency-Based Substructuring
Authors: Mahmoudi Ahmed El , Rixen Daniel J. , Meyer Christian H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDynamic substructuring (DS) is a research field that has gained a great deal of attention in both science and industry. The aim of DS techniques is to provide engineers in structural vibrations and sound practical solutions for analyzing the dynamic behavior of complex systems. This paper addresses the singularity problem that occurs when flexible joints are implemented as substructures into the Lagrange Multiplier Frequency-Based Substructuring (LM-FBS) coupling process. For illustration, we use rubber bushings from an automotive application. Considering the rubber isolators to exhibit hysteretic damping, we assume that only the property of the dynamic stiffness of material is given. To avoid singularity appearing in the admittance when inverting the impedance of a massless joint, we compare three different approaches to include rubber bushings in the framework of LM-FBS. One method consists in including the dynamic stiffness of material directly in the space of the interface constraints and add it to the assembled interface flexibility of the LM-FBS equation. This corresponds to a relaxation of the interface compatibility condition. In the second method, the rubber bushing is treated as a substructure by adding small masses to the equation of the joint. As a result, we obtain a nonsingular total dynamic stiffness matrix that can be included in the coupling process. The third method describes a novel extension of the LM-FBS approach, based on a solution for singular problems. If the applied forces are self-equilibrated with respect to the rigid body modes, a solution for the singular dynamic stiffness matrix exists. The methods are outlined, both mathematically and conceptually, based on a notation commonly used in LM-FBS. They facilitate the integration of connecting elements together with experimental or numerical determined system dynamics of substructures in order to predict the assembled system behavior.
Mesoporous Ternary Nitrides of Earth-Abundant Metals as Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalyst
Authors: Saad Ali , Shen Hangjia , Cheng Zhixing , Arbi Ramis , Guo Beibei , Hui Lok Shu , Liang Kunyu , Liu Siqi , Attfield John Paul , Turak Ayse , Wang Jiacheng , Yang Minghui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs sustainable energy becomes a major concern for modern society, renewable and clean energy systems need highly active, stable, and low-cost catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Mesoporous materials offer an attractive route for generating efficient electrocatalysts with high mass transport capabilities. Herein, we report an efficient hard templating pathway to design and synthesize three-dimensional (3-D) mesoporous ternary nickel iron nitride (Ni3FeN). The as-synthesized electrocatalyst shows good OER performance in an alkaline solution with low overpotential (259 mV) and a small Tafel slope (54 mV dec−1), giving superior performance to IrO2 and RuO2 catalysts. The highly active contact area, the hierarchical porosity, and the synergistic effect of bimetal atoms contributed to the improved electrocatalytic performance toward OER. In a practical rechargeable Zn–air battery, mesoporous Ni3FeN is also shown to deliver a lower charging voltage and longer lifetime than RuO2. This work opens up a new promising approach to synthesize active OER electrocatalysts for energy-related devices.