bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do betel quid and areca nut chewing deteriorate prognosis of oral cancer? A systematic review, meta‐analysis, and research agenda
Authors: Yang Jun , Wang Zi‐Yu , Huang Long , Yu Tao‐Lin , Wan Shu‐Qian , Song Juan , Zhang Bing‐Liang , Hu Ming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the correlations between the habit of betel quid and areca nut (BQ‐AN) chewing and the prognosis of oral cancer (OC).MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to clarify this issue. Data searches were performed using PubMed, Web of Science, Epistemonikos, and Embase databases through November 2019. The primary outcome was the difference in the prognosis of OC between BQ‐AN chewers and non‐chewers, measured in terms of 5‐year overall survival (OS) and 5‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) log (HR) reported in articles. The pooled HR with 95% CI of 5‐year OS and 5‐year DSS was calculated using a fixed‐effects model.ResultsTen articles with eleven OS or DSS survival studies (one of the articles contained two studies), which were published between 2003 and 2017, were eligible for inclusion in the present study. All the 11 studies were observational studies, among which 10 were retrospective and 1 was prospective. One study measured both OS and DSS. Eight studies, with a total of 2,761 patients, used 5‐year OS as the primary endpoint and four studies, with a total of 2,551 patients, used 5‐year DSS. Overall, the pooled HR evaluating BQ‐AN chewers was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.09–1.46) for 5‐year OS and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.15–1.70) for 5‐year DSS, compared with non‐chewers. There was a significant association between BQ‐AN chewing and OC survival.ConclusionsBetel quid and areca nut chewing is significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with OC.
A Simple Ni‐based Metal–organic Framework as Catalyst for Dye‐sensitized Photocatalytic H2 Evolution from Water Reduction
Authors: Liu Xing , Lv Xujiao , Lai Hua , Peng Gang , Yi Zhengji , Li Junhua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOF) are recently developed coordination porous materials, and their unique structures are very conducive to catalytic reactions. In this paper, p‐benzenedicarboxylic acid (PBA)‐Ni2+ MOF materials (denoted as PBA‐Ni‐x, where x represents the initial ratio of PBA to Ni2+) were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and N2 gas adsorption. H2 gas was produced using the synthesized MOF as a photocatalyst and Eosin Y as a photosensitizer. The dependence of the special surface area and thickness of the nanosheets of Ni‐MOF on the initial ratio of PBA to Ni2+ (PBA/Ni2+) was investigated. The BET surface areas of PBA‐Ni‐1 PBA‐Ni‐2 and PBA‐Ni‐3 are 11.00, 24.61 and 13.04 m2 g−1, respectively. And the thicknesses of nanosheets are approximately 600–1000, 200–500 and 300–700 nm. Among the three materials, PBA‐Ni‐2 has the thinnest sheet‐like structure and largest surface area. Thus, it displays the highest H2 evolution rate of 20.0 μmol h−1. The noble‐metal‐free hydrogen production system is valuable for the application of MOF materials in photocatalytic water splitting.
Blue and UV‐B light synergistically induce anthocyanin accumulation by co‐activating nitrate reductase gene expression in Anthocyanin fruit (Aft) tomato
Authors: Kim M.‐J. , Kim P. , Chen Y. , Chen B. , Yang J. , Liu X. , Kawabata S. , Wang Y. , Li Y. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

The tomato accession LA1996, which carries a dominant allele of anthocyanin fruit (Aft) locus, accumulates anthocyanins in the epidermis of fruits when exposed to sunlight. The involvement of blue, UV‐A, UV‐B and a combination of these wavelengths on anthocyanin accumulation and the molecular mechanism of their regulation was investigated in LA1996. The most effective treatment for inducing anthocyanin biosynthesis in Aft fruits was co‐irradiation with blue and UV‐B (blue + UV‐B) light. Finding the correlated genes is an important approach towards understanding their molecular mechanisms.

In the present study, the nitrate reductase (NR) gene SlNIA was isolated using RNA‐seq profiling of Aft fruits given different light treatments. The functions of NR‐mediated anthocyanin induction by blue + UV‐B were confirmed using a series of chemical treatments, followed by assessment of NR activity and nitric oxide (NO) detection.

The expression of NR was highly induced by blue + UV‐B, and this specificity was also confirmed with the enzyme activity of NR and the NO concentration. The NR inhibitors, which reduce NO generation, the expression levels of anthocyanin related genes and decreased anthocyanin accumulation in LA1996.

Our results suggest that NR plays a key role in blue + UV‐B‐mediated anthocyanin accumulation in LA1996 fruits.
Coproduction during and after the COVID‐19 Pandemic: Will It Last?
Authors: Steen Trui , Brandsen Taco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCoproduction is flourishing under COVID‐19, but can we expect it to last? Most likely, in post‐COVID‐19 times, people and institutions will easily slip back into business as usual. This essay addresses the relevance of coproduction under COVID‐19 and argues for the need for coproduction initiatives to persist well beyond the pandemic. The conditions that made coproduction emerge are likely to change as emergency regulations and funds are abandoned and the sense of urgency disappears. Areas of public life where there could be a more lasting effect are those where the basic conditions for successful coproduction are already in place and only a push was necessary for coproduction to take off. These conditions include basic commitment, complementarity, and supportive regulative frameworks, all of which can be sustained beyond the crisis with targeted choices and sufficient support.
The structural validity of the IKDC and its relationship with quality of life following ACL reconstruction
Authors: Williams Tom , Burley Daniel , Evans Lynne , Robertson Angus , Hardy Lew , Roy Stuart , Lewis Daniel 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to (a) examine the structural validity of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form in light of previously reported dimensionality issues, and (b) examine the relationships between the IKDC and patients’ knee‐related quality of life 2‐9 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.MethodsA prospective research design was employed, wherein 319 patients (mean age = 29.07, SD = 9.03) completed the IKDC before surgery, 191 patients (mean age = 29.71, SD = 9.36) completed the IKDC at 6 months post‐surgery, and 132 patients (mean age = 34.34, SD = 7.89) completed the IKDC and the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Quality of Life Survey (ACL‐QOL) at 2‐9 years post‐surgery.ResultsBayesian structural equation modeling analysis confirmed the two‐factor structure (symptom & knee articulation and activity level) represented the most accurate conceptualization of perceived knee function across the three time‐points. Moreover, findings revealed that of the two IKDC subscales pre‐operatively, activity level was most strongly associated with long‐term quality of life at 2‐9 years following surgery, whereas 2‐9 years post‐operatively, symptoms and knee articulation was most strongly associated with long‐term quality of life.ConclusionsThe IKDC provides clinicians with a convenient total score to assess patients’ perceived knee function, but its unidimensional factor structure is a poor representation of its items and fails to detect discrepancies in patients’ post‐operative quality of life, such as the relative importance of perceived knee activity level before reconstructive surgery.
Peer relationships during late childhood in internationally adopted and institutionalized children
Authors: Cáceres Isabel , Román Maite , Moreno Carmen , Bukowski William M. , Palacios Jesús 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the interpersonal relationships in the school context of children living in different care settings (adoptive families, residential care centres, birth families). Participants were 76 children between eight and fourteen years of age (M = 10.78,SD = 1.38), belonging to one of three groups: international adoptees, children living in residential care in Spanish institutions, and a comparison sample of Spanish children living with their birth families with no connection with child protection. Sociometric information was collected in the classroom of each child during school hours. Internationally adopted children from Russia showed considerable difficulties in their relationships with peers; they were more likely to be rejected and their peers described them as less prosocial and somewhat more aggressive. With a better sociometric position than the adoptees, children in residential care were rated by their peers as more aggressive and less prosocial than the normative population. Coordination and integrated work between the family, protection centres, schools, and other social services should be a strategic priority in the promotion of healthy social development in these groups of children.
Creative Production of ‘COVID‐19 Social Distancing’ Narratives on Social Media
Authors: Mohamad Siti Mazidah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper offers an insight into the role of young people in shifting risk perception of the current global pandemic, COVID‐19, via social distancing narratives on social media. Young people are creatively and affectively supporting the social distancing initiatives in Brunei Darussalam through the use of social media platforms such as Instagram, Twitter, and Tik Tok. Using qualitative content analysis (QCA) data of social media content by Bruneian youth, this paper reveals the localised and contextualised creative production of five ‘social distancing’ narratives as a response to the national and global concerns in times of a global pandemic: narrative of fear; narrative of responsibility; narrative of annoyance; narrative of fun; and narrative of resistance. This paper reflects on three key socio‐cultural reconfigurations that have broader implications beyond the COVID‐19 crisis: new youth spatialities and social engagements; youth leadership in development; and consideration of social participation and reach in risk communication.
A classification technique for local multivariate clusters and outliers of spatial association
Authors: Oxoli Daniele , Sabri Soheil , Rajabifard Abbas , Brovelli Maria A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe detection of spatial clusters and outliers is critical to a number of spatial data analysis techniques. Many techniques embed spatial clustering components with the aim of exploring spatial variability and patterns in a data set, caused by the spatial association that generally affects most spatial data. A frontier challenge in spatial data analysis is to extend techniques—originally designed for univariate analysis—to a multivariate context, in order to be able to cope with the increasing complexity and variety of modern spatial data. This article proposes an exploratory procedure to detect and classify clusters and outliers in a multivariate spatial data set. Cluster and outlier detection relies on recently introduced multivariate extensions of the well‐established local indicators of spatial association statistics. Two new indicators are proposed enabling the classification of multivariate clusters and outliers, not directly achievable with any already established technique. The procedure is fully implemented using free and open source geospatial software and libraries. The raw source code is made available for future reviews and replications. Empirical results from early applications on both synthetic and real spatial data are discussed. Advantages and limitations of the introduced procedure are outlined according to the empirical results.
A zinc finger protein BBX19 interacts with ABF3 to affect drought tolerance negatively in chrysanthemum
Authors: Xu Yanjie , Zhao Xin , Aiwaili Palinuer , Mu Xianying , Zhao Meng , Zhao Jian , Cheng Lina , Ma Chao , Gao Junping , Hong Bo 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARYDrought is an environmental factor that can severely influence plant development and distribution, and greatly affect the yield and economic value of crops. We characterized CmBBX19, a BBX family subgroup IV member gene, from the transcriptome database of Chrysanthemum morifolium in response to drought stress. Drought stress and ABA treatments downregulated the expression of CmBBX19. We generated CmBBX19‐overexpressing (CmBBX19‐OX) lines and CmBBX19‐suppressing lines (CmBBX19‐RNAi), and found that suppressed expression of CmBBX19 led to enhanced drought tolerance compared with the wild‐type (WT) controls, while CmBBX19‐OX lines exhibited reduced drought tolerance. Downstream gene analysis showed that CmBBX19 modulates drought tolerance mainly through inducing changes in the expression of ABA‐dependent pathway genes, including protective protein, redox balance and cell wall biogenesis genes, such as responsive to ABA 18, peroxidase 12, and cellulose synthase‐like protein G2. Moreover, CmBBX19 was shown to interact with CmABF3, a master ABA signaling component, to suppress expression of these downstream genes. We conclude that BBX19‐ABF3 module functions in the regulation of drought tolerance of chrysanthemum through an ABA‐dependent pathway.
Word formation of Chinese English words: Evidence from the Chinese English Dictionary
Authors: Qin Melissa Xiaohui , Guo Hongxuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study aims to cast light on the nature and features of word formation in the lexis of Chinese English and provide a synchronic formational analysis of Chinese English neologisms by adopting a sequential data‐driven approach with a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The study has 1) constructed a hierarchical and quantificational four‐level structure for Chinese English word formation through meticulous coding, categorization, and calculation of 3522 headwords collected in the Chinese English Dictionary; and 2) revealed departures of the present taxonomy with extant models of indigenized varieties in both qualitative (coherence, inclusiveness, refinedness, adaptability) and quantitative measures (the changing status of formation processes, source languages, and transliteration systems). The study sheds significant insights into the motivation of Chinese English words, the status of the Chinese English variety, the sociolinguistic conditions of the variety, and word formation in the Expanding Circle where a dictionary of the variety is available.
Which Are the Key Kinematic and Kinetic Components to Distinguish Recovery Strategies for Overground Slips Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults?
Authors: Wang Shuaijie , Wang Yiru , Pai Yi-Chung (Clive) , Wang Edward , Bhatt Tanvi 
Published: June 2020

Slip outcomes are categorized as either a backward loss of balance (LOB) or a no loss of balance (no-LOB) in which an individual does not take a backward step to regain their stability. LOB includes falls and nonfalls, while no-LOB includes skate overs and walkovers. Researchers are uncertain about which factors determine slip outcomes and at which critical instants they do so. The purpose of the study was to investigate factors affecting slip outcomes in proactive and early reactive phases by analyzing 136 slip trials from 68 participants (age: 72.2 [5.3] y, female: 22). Segment angles and average joint moments in the sagittal plane of the slipping limb were compared for different slip outcomes. The results showed that knee flexor, hip extensor, and plantar flexor moments were significantly larger for no-LOB than for LOB in the midproactive phase, leading to smaller shank-ground and foot-ground angles at the slip onset, based on forward dynamics. In the early reactive phase, the hip extensor and plantar flexor moments were larger for no-LOB than for LOB, and all segment angles were smaller for no-LOB. Our findings indicate that the shank angle and knee moment were the major determinants of slip outcomes in both proactive and reactive phases.
SD-OCT peripapillary nerve fibre layer and ganglion cell complex parameters in glaucoma: principal component analysis
Authors: Pazos Marta , Biarnés Marc , Blasco-Alberto Andrés , Dyrda Agnieszka , Luque-Fernández Miguel Ángel , Gómez Alicia , Mora Clara , Milla Elena , Muniesa MªJesús , Antón Alfonso , Díaz-Alemán Valentín Tinguaro 
Published: June 2020

Background/aimsTo identify objective glaucoma-related structural features based on peripapillary (p) and macular (m) spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) parameters and assess their discriminative ability between healthy and glaucoma patients.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty eyes (91 controls and 169 glaucoma) were included in this prospective study. After a complete examination, all participants underwent the posterior pole and the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) protocols of the Spectralis SD-OCT. Principal component analysis (PCA), a data reduction method, was applied to identify and characterise the main information provided by the ganglion cell complex (GCC). The discriminative ability between healthy and glaucomatous eyes of the first principal components (PCs) was compared with that of conventional SD-OCT parameters (pRNFL, macular RNFL (mRNFL), macular ganglion cell layer (mGCL)and macular inner plexiform layer (mIPL)) using 10-fold cross-validated areas under the curve (AUC).ResultsThe first PC explained 58% of the total information contained in the GCC and the pRNFL parameters and was the result of a general combination of almost all variables studied (diffuse distribution). Other PCs were driven mainly by pRNFL and mRNFL measurements. PCs and pRNFL had similar AUC (0.95 vs 0.96, p=0.88), and outperformed the other structural measurements: mRNFL (0.91, p=0.002), mGCL (0.92, p=0.02) and mIPL (0.92, p=0.0001).ConclusionsPCA identified a diffuse representation of the papillary and macular SD-OCT parameters as the most important PC to summarise structural data in healthy and glaucomatous eyes. PCs and pRNFL parameters showed the greatest discriminative ability between healthy and glaucoma cases.
Epidemiology and outcomes of gastroparesis, as documented in general practice records, in the United Kingdom
Authors: Ye Yizhou , Jiang Baoguo , Manne Sudhakar , Moses Peter L , Almansa Cristina , Bennett Dimitri , Dolin Paul , Ford Alexander C 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo generate real-world evidence for the epidemiology of gastroparesis in the UK, we evaluated the prevalence, incidence, patient characteristics and outcomes of gastroparesis in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) database.DesignThis was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Prevalence and incidence of gastroparesis were evaluated in the CPRD database, with linkage to Hospital Episodes Statistics Admitted Patient Care and Office for National Statistics mortality data. Prevalence and incidence were age and sex standardised to mid-2017 UK population estimates. Descriptive analyses of demographics, aetiologies, pharmacological therapies and mortality were conducted.ResultsStandardised prevalence of gastroparesis, as documented in general practice records, was 13.8 (95% CI 12.6 to 15.1) per 100 000 persons in 2016, and standardised incidence of gastroparesis rose from 1.5 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.8) per 100 000 person-years in 2004 to 1.9 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.3) per 100 000 person-years in 2016. The most common disease aetiologies were idiopathic (39.4%) and diabetic gastroparesis (37.5%), with a similar distribution of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among the 90% who had type of diabetes documented. Patients with diabetic gastroparesis had a significantly higher risk of mortality than those with idiopathic gastroparesis after diagnosis (adjusted HR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.0). Of those with gastroparesis, 31.6% were not offered any recognised pharmacological therapy after diagnosis.ConclusionThis is, to our knowledge, the first population-based study providing data on epidemiology and outcomes of gastroparesis in Europe. Further research is required to fully understand the factors influencing outcomes and survival of patients with gastroparesis.
Physical, emotional and sexual violence faced by spouses in India: evidence on determinants and help-seeking behaviour from a nationally representative survey
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Ganesh Karthika , Vijayakumar Karthiga 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe current study was done to determine the prevalence, determinants, disclosure status and help-seeking behaviour of spousal violence using a nationally representative sample of ever-married women in India.MethodsWe have analysed the most recent National Family Health Survey-4 data (2015–2016) gathered from the Demographic Health Survey programme. Stratification and clustering in the sample design were accounted usingsvysetcommand. Point estimates were reported as proportions with 95% CI.ResultsA total of 66 013 ever-married women aged 15–49 years were included. Lifetime prevalence of spousal violence in India was 31% (95% CI 30.4% to 31.7%). Physical violence was the most common form accounting for 27.4% of victims followed by emotional (12.7%) and sexual violence (6.7%). Higher women’s age, Muslim religion, low education, employed women, lower socioeconomic status, presence of substance use among women and husbands, lower education and unemployed husbands, history of family violence and women in Central and Eastern states had a significant association with one or more forms of spousal violence with significant p value. Prevalence of help-seeking behaviour among women who faced spousal violence in India was 13.5% (95% CI 12.8% to 14.2%). Widowed/separated/divorced women, employed and highly educated women, and women in Northern states had significantly higher prevalence of help-seeking behaviour with respect to all the forms of spousal violence (p<0.001).ConclusionOne in three women in India faces spousal violence. Only 1 in 10 women seeks help following violence. Efforts should be made to ensure people working in formal institutions screen for spousal violence and know how to respond to women facing it.