bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reframing service innovation: COVID-19 as a catalyst for imposed service innovation
Authors: Heinonen Kristina , Strandvik Tore 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe empirical study draws on a crowdsourced database of 221 innovations associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachAside from the health and humanitarian crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused an acute economic downturn in most sectors, forcing public and private organizations to rethink and reconfigure service provision. The paper introduces the concept of imposed service innovation as a new strategic lens to augment the extant view of service innovation as a primarily discretionary activity.FindingsThe identified imposed service innovations were assigned to 11 categories and examined in terms of their strategic horizon and strategic stretch. The innovations are characterized by spatial flexibility, social and health outreach and exploitation of technology.Research limitations/implicationsAs a new area of service innovation research, imposed service innovations highlight strategic issues that include the primacy of customers and the fragility of institutions.Practical implicationsSituations involving imposed service innovation represent opportunities for rapid business development when recognized as such. A severe disruption such as a pandemic can catalyze managerial rethinking as organizations are forced to look beyond their existing business strategies.Social implicationsAs a strategic response to severe disruption of institutions, markets and service offerings, imposed service innovations afford opportunities to implement transformation and enhance well-being. This novel strategic lens foregrounds a societal account of service innovation, emphasizing societal relevance and context beyond the challenges of business viability alone.Originality/valueWhile extant service innovation research has commonly focused on discretionary activities that enable differentiation and growth, imposed service innovations represent actions for resilience and renewal.
How triple-role conflicts of Chinese enterprise trade unions impact employees' satisfaction: rights expectation as moderator
Authors: Ren Han , Chen Charles Weizheng , Zhu Jiuhua Cherrie , Chen Yuling 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the extent to which unionized employees are dissatisfied in Chinese Enterprise Trade Unions (CETUs) when they perceive high levels of the triple-role conflicts, as well as whether rights expectations will moderate these relationships. The authors define CETUs' triple-role conflicts as the extent to which CETUs and their cadres prioritize fulfilling the roles of preserving social stability (“peace”) and/or maintaining the production order (“production”) over protecting worker's rights and interests (“workers” rights).Design/methodology/approachPilot study developed the scales via both qualitative and quantitative studies, which include item generation using the transcript of individual interviews with 36 informants, and exploratory factor analyses with 106 respondents. The study used a sample of 327 employees from more than 20 firms in North and Southwest China.FindingsResults indicate high reliability and validity of the scales and provide largely consistent supports for our hypotheses: three dimensions of triple-role conflicts are negatively related to employees' satisfaction in CETUs, and rights expectations moderate these relationships.Originality/valueThis study developed three scales to respectively measure CETUs' triple-role conflicts, rights expectation and satisfaction in CETUs. More importantly, the findings shed light on the moderating mechanism of rights expectation in the relationships between triple-role conflicts and satisfaction in CETUs.
1,3,4‐oxadiazole and its derivatives: A review on recent progress in anticancer activities
Authors: Vaidya Ankur , Pathak Devender , Shah Kamal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe 1,3,4‐oxadiazole nucleus is a biologically imperative scaffold possesses numerous biological activities. The broad and potent activity of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole and their derivatives has established them as important pharmacological scaffolds especially in the treatment of cancer disease. Several di‐, tri‐, aromatic, and heterocyclic substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives have been reported to possess potent anticancer activity. These substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles had shown different mechanism of action and participated in anticancer drug discovery and development. This review is complementary to earlier reviews and aims to review the work reported on anticancer activities of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives from year 2000 to the beginning of 2020.
Odor identification predicts postoperative seizure control following magnetic resonance–guided laser interstitial thermal therapy
Authors: Kang Joon Y. , Yenokyan Gayane , Hwang Brian Y. , Chen Mo , Penn Rachel , Mampre David , Sperling Michael R. , Kamath Vidyulata 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveOlfactory dysfunction has been well documented in individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy, but its use in presurgical planning has yet to be examined. We assessed the role of preoperative odor identification in mesial onset seizure localization utilizing stereoelectroencephalography (S‐EEG) and magnetic resonance–guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLiTT) outcome.MethodsWe identified 30 patients who had typical seizures captured during S‐EEG monitoring or MRgLiTT of mesial temporal structures (n = 17 S‐EEG, n = 13 MRgLiTT); seizure onset zone was classified as unilateral mesial seizure onset, or multifocal with unilateral mesial onset and nonmesial onset. Odor identification ability was assessed using the Sniffin’ Sticks Odor Identification Test (SSOIT). Patients also completed measures of confrontation naming and auditory‐verbal learning/memory using the Boston Naming Test and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised, respectively.ResultsOverall, patients with intractable focal epilepsy exhibited poor olfactory performance (median [M] = 10.4, interquartile range [IQR] = 9.4‐11.8). Of 19 patients who underwent MRgLiTT, 10 patients (52.6%) were seizure‐free at last follow‐up (M = 13 months, IQR =10‐18). Patients who were seizure‐free after MRgLiTT (n = 10) had poorer odor identification scores (M = 9, IQR = 7‐13) compared to patients with seizure reoccurrence (M = 13, IQR = 12.5‐15). Odor identification score was inversely associated with seizure freedom, with odds ratio = 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.38‐0.95, P = .03). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that an SSOIT score of 12 was the ideal cutoff for predicting favorable seizure outcome (area under the curve = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.64‐1.0). Sensitivity was 88.9% and specificity was 78.9%, with a likelihood ratio of 2.9 of seizure failure in patients who had an odor identification score ≥ 12.SignificanceInterictal olfactory dysfunction is commonly seen in patients with intractable focal epilepsy. Odor identification is a novel, noninvasive presurgical biomarker to distinguish who may or may not benefit from MRgLiTT of mesial temporal structures.
Public reason as a social basis of self‐respect
Authors: Spector Ezequiel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe idea of public reason was traditionally explained in terms of the need to justify the exercise of coercive power to reasonable people who do not agree on the truth of any particular conception of the good. In this paper, I show why this traditional, coercion‐based, view is problematic, and offer a different account of public reason: the “self‐respect account.” In addition, I argue that this account is capable of informing recent, nontraditional, accounts of public reason. The conclusion is that public reason can be conceptualized as a social basis of self‐respect.
Discoloration in the marine red algae Pyropia: causative factors and exploiting the biotechnological potential of a waste resource
Authors: Cho Kichul , Heo Jina , Lee Sang‐Moo , Han Jinwook , Hong Hyun Dae , Jeon Hancheol , Hwang Hyun‐Ju , Baek Kyunghwa , Han Jong Won 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPyropia (Porphyra, referred to as ‘Gim’ in Korea or ‘Nori’ in Japan), an economically valuable alga, has long been consumed as seafood, especially in north‐east Asian countries. Its well‐established conventional mass cultivation and harvesting methods in coastal areas widen the industrial availability of edible Pyropia sp. However, the unexpected discoloration derived from causative factors during the cultivation process gives rise to serious economic losses in the aquaculture industry. For the industrial use of discoloured laver waste (DLW), recent articles have suggested that DLW biomass could be used as a source of agar polysaccharide, porphyran, γ‐aminobutyric acid and other value‐added bioactive compound productions. Although DLW biomass has economic potential, the lack of integrated information and relevant studies still limits its industrial availability. Therefore, we discussed recent research concerning the functional ingredients, causative factors and potential availability of DLW to provide integrated information. Furthermore, this review suggested the potential industrial application of DLW as a source for other value‐added material production.
The Novel Single-Stroke Kayak Test: Can It Discriminate Between 200-m and Longer-Distance (500- and 1000-m) Specialists in Canoe Sprint?
Authors: Petrovic Milos R. , García-Ramos Amador , Janicijevic Danica N. , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , Knezevic Olivera M. , Mirkov Dragan M. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To test whether the force–velocity (F–V) relationship obtained during a specific single-stroke kayak test (SSKT) and during nonspecific traditional resistance-training exercises (bench press and prone bench pull) could discriminate between 200-m specialists and longer-distance (500- and 1000-m) specialists in canoe sprint. Methods: A total of 21 experienced male kayakers (seven 200-m specialists and 14 longer-distance specialists) participated in this study. After a familiarization session, kayakers came to the laboratory on 2 occasions separated by 48 to 96 hours. In a randomized order, kayakers performed the SSKT in one session and the bench press and bench pull tests in another session. Force and velocity outputs were recorded against 5 loads in each exercise to determine the F–V relationship and related parameters (maximum force, maximum velocity, F–V slope, and maximum power). Results: The individual F–V relationships were highly linear for the SSKT (r = .990 [.908, .998]), bench press (r = .993 [.974, .999]), and prone bench pull (r = .998 [.992, 1.000]). The F–V relationship parameters (maximum force, maximum velocity, and maximum power) were significantly higher for 200-m specialists compared with longer-distance specialists (all Ps ≤ .047) with large effect sizes (≥0.94) revealing important practical differences. However, no significant differences were observed between 200-m specialists and longer-distance specialists in the F–V slope (P ≥ .477). Conclusions: The F–V relationship assessed during both specific (SSKT) and nonspecific upper-body tasks (bench press and bench pull) may distinguish between kayakers specialized in different distances.
Catheter-Free Arrhythmia Ablation Using Scanned Proton Beams
Authors: Suzuki Atsushi , Deisher Amanda J. , Rettmann Maryam E. , Lehmann H. Immo , Hohmann Stephan , Wang Songyun , Konishi Hiroki , Kruse Jon J. , Cusma Jack T. , Newman Laura K. , Parker Kay D. , Monahan Kristi H. , Herman Michael G. , Packer Douglas L. 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Proton beam therapy offers radiophysical properties that are appealing for noninvasive arrhythmia elimination. This study was conducted to use scanned proton beams for ablation of cardiac tissue, investigate electrophysiological outcomes, and characterize the process of lesion formation in a porcine model using particle therapy.

Methods:
Twenty-five animals received scanned proton beam irradiation. ECG-gated computed tomography scans were acquired at end-expiration breath hold. Structures (atrioventricular junction or left ventricular myocardium) and organs at risk were contoured. Doses of 30, 40, and 55 Gy were delivered during expiration to the atrioventricular junction (n=5) and left ventricular myocardium (n=20) of intact animals.

Results:
In this study, procedural success was tracked by pacemaker interrogation in the atrioventricular junction group, time-course magnetic resonance imaging in the left ventricular group, and correlation of lesion outcomes displayed in gross and microscopic pathology. Protein extraction (active caspase-3) was performed to investigate tissue apoptosis. Doses of 40 and 55 Gy caused slowing and interruption of cardiac impulse propagation at the atrioventricular junction. In 40 left ventricular irradiated targets, all lesions were identified on magnetic resonance after 12 weeks, being consistent with outcomes from gross pathology. In the majority of cases, lesion size plateaued between 12 and 16 weeks. Active caspase-3 was seen in lesions 12 and 16 weeks after irradiation but not after 20 weeks.

Conclusions:
Scanned proton beams can be used as a tool for catheter-free ablation, and time-course of tissue apoptosis was consistent with lesion maturation.
Low Plasma Volume and Increased Pressure Load Relate to Concentric Left Ventricular Remodeling After Preeclampsia: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Breetveld Nicolette M. , Alers Robert‐Jan , Geerts Lauren , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , van Dijk Arie P. , van der Vlugt Maureen J. , Heidema Wieteke M. , van Neer Jolijn , van Empel Vanessa P. M. , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Scholten Ralph R. , Ghossein‐Doha Chahinda , Spaanderman Marc E. A. 
Published: September 2020

Background
During uncomplicated pregnancy, left ventricular remodeling occurs in an eccentric way. In contrast, during preeclamptic gestation, the left ventricle hypertrophies concentrically, concurrent with loss in circulatory volume and increased blood pressure. Concentric cardiac structure persists in a substantial proportion of women and may be associated with pressure and volume load after preeclampsia. We hypothesize that low volume load, as indicated by plasma volume (PV) after preeclampsia and increased pressure load, is associated with remote concentric remodeling.

Methods and Results

In this longitudinal cohort study, we included 100 formerly preeclamptic women. Two visits were performed: at 0.8 years postpartum and at 4.8 years postpartum. During visit 1, we measured blood pressure and PV (I
125
dilution technique, low PV ≤48 mL/kg lean body mass). During the second visit, we assessed cardiac geometry by cardiac ultrasound. Concentric remodeling was defined as relative wall thickness >0.42 and left ventricular mass index ≤95 g/m
2
. We adjusted multivariable analysis for primiparity, systolic blood pressure, PV mL/kg lean body mass, and antihypertensive medication at visit 1. Low PV is associated with remote concentric remodeling (odds ratio [OR], 4.37; 95% CI, 1.06–17.40; and adjusted OR, 4.67; 95% CI, 1.02–21.42). Arterial pressure load (systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure) is also associated with development of concentric remodeling (OR, 1.15 [95% CI, 0.99–1.35]; OR, 1.24 [95% CI, 0.98–1.58]; and OR, 1.20 [95% CI, 0.98–1.47], respectively).

Conclusions
In former preeclamptic women, development toward left ventricular concentric remodeling is associated with low volume load and increased pressure load.
Association of Health Status Scores With Cardiovascular and Limb Outcomes in Patients With Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From the EUCLID (Examining Use of Ticagrelor in Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease) Trial
Authors: Rymer Jennifer A. , Mulder Hillary , Smolderen Kim G. , Hiatt William R. , Conte Michael S. , Berger Jeffrey S. , Norgren Lars , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , Baumgartner Iris , Fowkes F. Gerry , Katona Brian G. , Rockhold Frank , Jones W. Schuyler , Patel Manesh R. 
Published: September 2020

Background
There are limited data on health status instruments in patients with peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular and limb events. We evaluated the relationship between health status changes and cardiovascular and limb events.

Methods and Results

In an analysis of the EUCLID (Examining Use of Ticagrelor in Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease) trial, we examined the characteristics of 13 801 patients by tertile of health status instrument scores collected in the trial (EuroQol 5‐Dimensions [EQ‐5D], EQ visual analog scale [VAS], and peripheral artery questionnaire). We assessed the association between the baseline health status measurements and major adverse cardiovascular events, major adverse limb events, and lower‐extremity revascularization procedures during trial follow‐up and the association between 12‐month health status change scores and subsequent end points during follow‐up. There were 13 217 (95%) patients with EQ‐5D scores, 13 533 (98%) with VAS scores, and 4431 (32%) with peripheral artery questionnaire scores. Patients in the lowest baseline EQ‐5D tertile (0 to <0.69) were more likely to be female with severe claudication compared with the highest tertile (0.79–1.0;
P
<0.01). Patients in the lowest VAS (0–60) and peripheral artery questionnaire (0–49) tertiles had lower ankle–brachial indices compared with the highest tertiles (80–100 and 76–108, respectively;
P
<0.01). There was a significant association between baseline EQ‐5D, VAS, and peripheral artery questionnaire scores and adjusted major adverse cardiovascular events, major adverse limb events, and lower‐extremity revascularization (
P
<0.05). Improved EQ‐5D and VAS scores over 12 months were associated with reduced risk of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events or lower‐extremity revascularization (all
P
<0.01).

Conclusions
Although health status instruments are rarely used in clinical practice, these measures are associated with outcomes, including major adverse cardiovascular events, major adverse limb events, and lower‐extremity revascularization. Further research is needed to determine the relationship between changes in these instruments, revascularization, and outcomes.
Blood Pressure and Outcomes in Patients With Different Etiologies of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Shuting , Wang Zhihao , Zheng Aiping , Yuan Ruozhen , Shu Yang , Zhang Shihong , Lei Peng , Wu Bo , Liu Ming 
Published: September 2020

Background
We aimed to investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) and outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) subtypes with different etiologies.

Methods and Results

A total of 5656 in‐hospital patients with spontaneous ICH were included between January 2012 and December 2016 in a prospective multicenter cohort study. Etiological subtypes of ICH were assigned using SMASH‐U (structural lesion, medication, amyloid angiopathy, systemic/other disease, hypertension, undetermined) classification. Elevated systolic BP was defined as ≥140 mm Hg. Hypertension was defined as elevated BP for >1 month before the onset of ICH. The primary outcomes were measured as 1‐month survival rate and 3‐month mortality. A total of 5380 patients with ICH were analyzed, of whom 4052 (75.3%) had elevated systolic BP on admission and 3015 (56.0%) had hypertension. In multinomial analysis of patients who passed away by 3 months, systolic BP on admission was significantly different in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (
P
<0.001), structural lesion (
P
<0.001), and undetermined subtypes (
P
=0.003), compared with the hypertensive angiopathy subtype. Elevated systolic BP was dose‐responsively associated with higher 3‐month mortality in hypertensive angiopathy (
P
trend
=0.013) and undetermined (
P
trend
=0.005) subtypes. In cerebral amyloid angiopathy, hypertension history had significant inverse association with 3‐month mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 0.37, 95% CI, 0.20–0.65;
P
<0.001). Similarly, adjusted Cox regression indicated decreased risk of 1‐month survival rate in the presence of hypertension in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24–0.92;
P
=0.027).

Conclusions
This study suggests that the association between BP and ICH outcomes might specifically depend on its subtypes, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy might be pathologically distinctive from the others. Future studies of individualized BP‐lowering strategy are needed to validate our findings.
Population Trends in All‐Cause Mortality and Cause Specific–Death With Incident Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Singh Sheldon M. , Abdel-Qadir Husam , Pang Andrea , Fang Jiming , Koh Maria , Dorian Paul , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Ko Dennis T. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND
Limited studies have evaluated population‐level temporal trends in mortality and cause of death in patients with contemporary managed atrial fibrillation. This study reports the temporal trends in 1‐year overall and cause‐specific mortality in patients with incident atrial fibrillation.

METHODS AND RESULTS
Patients with incident atrial fibrillation presenting to an emergency department or hospitalized in Ontario, Canada, were identified in population‐level linked administrative databases that included data on vital statistics and cause of death. Temporal trends in 1‐year all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality was determined for individuals identified between April 1, 2007 (fiscal year [FY] 2007) and March 31, 2016 (FY 2015). The study cohort consisted of 110 302 individuals, 69±15 years of age with a median congestive heart failure, hypertension, age (≥75 years), diabetes mellitus, stroke (2 points), vascular disease, age (≥65 years), sex category (female) score of 2.8. There was no significant decline in the adjusted 1‐year all‐cause mortality between the first and last years of the study period (adjusted mortality: FY 2007, 8.0%; FY 2015, 7.8%; P for trend=0.68). Noncardiovascular death accounted for 61% of all deaths; the adjusted 1‐year noncardiovascular mortality rate rose from 4.5% in FY 2007 to 5.2% in FY 2015 (P for trend=0.007). In contrast, the 1‐year cardiovascular mortality rate decreased from 3.5% in FY 2007 to 2.6% in FY 2015 (P for trend=0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
Overall 1‐year all‐cause mortality in individuals with incident atrial fibrillation has not improved despite a significant reduction in the rate of cardiovascular death. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing and managing concomitant noncardiovascular conditions in patients with atrial fibrillation.