bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ECCO2R therapy in the ICU: consensus of a European round table meeting
Authors: Combes Alain , Auzinger Georg , Capellier Gilles , du Cheyron Damien , Clement Ian , Consales Guglielmo , Dabrowski Wojciech , De Bels David , de Molina Ortiz Francisco Javier González , Gottschalk Antje , Hilty Matthias P. , Pestaña David , Sousa Eduardo , Tully Redmond , Goldstein Jacques , Harenski Kai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
With recent advances in technology, patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ae-COPD) could benefit from extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R). However, current evidence in these indications is limited. A European ECCO2R Expert Round Table Meeting was convened to further explore the potential for this treatment approach.

Methods
A modified Delphi-based method was used to collate European experts’ views to better understand how ECCO2R therapy is applied, identify how patients are selected and how treatment decisions are made, as well as to identify any points of consensus.

Results
Fourteen participants were selected based on known clinical expertise in critical care and in providing respiratory support with ECCO2R or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. ARDS was considered the primary indication for ECCO2R therapy (n = 7), while 3 participants considered ae-COPD the primary indication. The group agreed that the primary treatment goal of ECCO2R therapy in patients with ARDS was to apply ultra-protective lung ventilation via managing CO2 levels. Driving pressure (≥ 14 cmH2O) followed by plateau pressure (Pplat; ≥ 25 cmH2O) was considered the most important criteria for ECCO2R initiation. Key treatment targets for patients with ARDS undergoing ECCO2R included pH (> 7.30), respiratory rate (< 25 or < 20 breaths/min), driving pressure (< 14 cmH2O) and Pplat (< 25 cmH2O). In ae-COPD, there was consensus that, in patients at risk of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) failure, no decrease in PaCO2 and no decrease in respiratory rate were key criteria for initiating ECCO2R therapy. Key treatment targets in ae-COPD were patient comfort, pH (> 7.30–7.35), respiratory rate (< 20–25 breaths/min), decrease of PaCO2 (by 10–20%), weaning from NIV, decrease in HCO3− and maintaining haemodynamic stability. Consensus was reached on weaning protocols for both indications. Anticoagulation with intravenous unfractionated heparin was the strategy preferred by the group.

Conclusions
Insights from this group of experienced physicians suggest that ECCO2R therapy may be an effective supportive treatment for adults with ARDS or ae-COPD. Further evidence from randomised clinical trials and/or high-quality prospective studies is needed to better guide decision making.
Integrative analyses of single-cell transcriptome and regulome using MAESTRO
Authors: Wang Chenfei , Sun Dongqing , Huang Xin , Wan Changxin , Li Ziyi , Han Ya , Qin Qian , Fan Jingyu , Qiu Xintao , Xie Yingtian , Meyer Clifford A. , Brown Myles , Tang Ming , Long Henry , Liu Tao , Liu X. Shirley 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe present Model-based AnalysEs of Transcriptome and RegulOme (MAESTRO), a comprehensive open-source computational workflow (http://github.com/liulab-dfci/MAESTRO) for the integrative analyses of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) and ATAC-seq (scATAC-seq) data from multiple platforms. MAESTRO provides functions for pre-processing, alignment, quality control, expression and chromatin accessibility quantification, clustering, differential analysis, and annotation. By modeling gene regulatory potential from chromatin accessibilities at the single-cell level, MAESTRO outperforms the existing methods for integrating the cell clusters between scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq. Furthermore, MAESTRO supports automatic cell-type annotation using predefined cell type marker genes and identifies driver regulators from differential scRNA-seq genes and scATAC-seq peaks.
Synchronous solid pseudopapillary neoplasm and invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas: a case report
Authors: Tsutsumi Chikanori , Abe Toshiya , Sawatsubashi Yusuke , Tamiya Sadafumi , Kakihara Daisuke , Nishihara Kazuyoshi , Nakano Toru 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is an extremely rare neoplasm with a favorable prognosis. On the other hand, pancreatic invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is known to be an aggressive malignancy. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report of SPN combined with IDC of the pancreas.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old woman presented with abnormal genital bleeding and was diagnosed with inoperable cervical cancer. During computed tomography for cancer staging, the patient was incidentally diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. After radiation therapy for the cervical cancer, distal pancreatectomy with D2 lymph node dissection was performed. A postoperative pathological examination revealed SPN with ossification and well-differentiated IDC in the pancreatic body. On immunohistochemical staining, SPN tumor cells showed positive β-catenin and CD10 staining, whereas IDC cells were negative for both. The tumor boundaries were clear. Accordingly, the final pathological diagnosis was synchronous SPN and IDC of the pancreas. Moreover, pathological findings such as the ossification and small number of SPN cells suggested that SPN may have existed long before IDC initiation.

Conclusions
Here, we report the first case of SPN combined with IDC of the pancreas. They may occur independently, and the long-term presence of SPN may lead to the development of IDC.
Diagnostic accuracy of the trans-abdominal ultrasound in the assessment of dysfunctional hemidiaphragm due to non-pulmonic etiology
Authors: Baz Ahmed A. , Aglan Amal Abdel Hakam Mohammed , Mohammed Sabah Ahmed , Sabri Youssriah Yahia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the role of the trans-abdominal ultrasound (TAUS) in the assessment of hemidiaphragmatic dysfunction—due to non-pulmonic causes—as compared to the conventional CT; 36 patients (22 males and 14 females; age range 5 to 84 years) were included in this study.

Results
In CT examination, the dysfunctional hemidiaphragm was considered when either a hernia/post-traumatic defects (present in 19.4% of patients, of which 5.5% were depicted on the right side and 13.8% were existing on the left side), or elevated copulae (present in 80.6% of patients, of which 58.8% were found on the right side (21 patients) and 22.2% were seen on the left side (8 patients).
The TAUS showed a high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and over all accuracy {100% (95% CI = 59.04 to 100.00%), 100% (95% CI = 88.06 to 100.00%), 100%, 100%, 100% (95% CI = 90.26 to 100.00%), respectively} in detection of defects and hernias as compared to CT. A high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and over all accuracy {96.55% (95% CI = 82.24 to 99.9%), 100% (95% CI=59.04 to 100.00%), 100%, 87.5% (95% CI = 50.50 to 97.96%), 97.22% (95% CI = 85.47 to 99.93%), respectively} were found in detection of thickness and motion abnormalities, and in the detection of subphrenic collections in cases with relevant elevated copula in CT.

Conclusion
Trans-abdominal ultrasound (TAUS) could accurately assess the diaphragmatic thickness and provides a real-time image of a dysfunctional hemidiaphragm due to a diaphragmatic and infradiaphragmatic causes as well as the diaphragmatic defects with high sensitivity and specificity in comparison to CT.
Macroscopic seismic responses of layered linear anelastic solids: Wave-induced internal deformations beyond the viscoelastic model
Authors: Wang Yichuan , Morozov Igor B. 
Published: August 2020

Seismic wave propagation within thinly layered anelastic reservoirs is modeled by direct application of Lagrangian continuum mechanics. Instead of postulating viscoelastic Q-factors or specific microscopic mechanisms, the anelastic properties of the layers are modeled by using generalized macroscopic internal variables. These variables represent averaged measures of various types of internal deformations of the rock, such as relative movements of grains, inclusions, pores and mobile dislocations, wave-induced pore-fluid flows (WIFFs), capillary and layer-boundary effects, or temperature variations. The continuum-mechanics model reveals the existence of body-force (Darcy-type) frictional effects, which are also absent in the viscoelastic model. To implement the attenuation effects observed in laboratory studies, the mechanical properties of the layers are represented by standard linear solid (Zener) rheologies approximating a mesoscopic-scale WIFF effect known as the drained/undrained transition. Optionally, the layer rheologies also include Biot’s poroelastic effects. All compressional- and shear-wave transmission, reflection, and mode-conversion amplitudes and waveforms for primary and secondary waves are modeled at variable angles of incidence. The modeled records exhibit the expected seismic-wave attenuation and dispersion phenomena but differ from the predictions of viscoelastic modeling. The key observation is that wave-propagation effects are sensitive not only to the Q-factors of the layers but also to properties not considered in conventional models: (1) elastic coupling between the internal variables, (2) body-force friction parameters analogous to fluid mobility, and (3) mechanical properties of contact zones between different rocks, such as the effective permeabilities of layer boundaries. Although challenging, these properties of layer boundaries need to be measured for earth’s media and included in the modeling of seismic waves. Another important general observation from this modeling is that the often observed broadband or near-constant seismic Q may result from superposition of the effects of multiple heterogeneities (layers) and material-property contrasts within the medium.
Palladium-Catalyzed [5 + 1] Annulation of Salicylic Acid Derivatives and Propargylic Carbonates
Authors: Sato Kazuya , Ogiwara Yohei , Sakai Norio 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed annulation reaction between salicylic acid derivatives and propargylic carbonates via the cleavage of a propargylic carbon–oxygen bond is described. This rare annulation reaction uses propargylic compounds as the C1 component for heterocyclic products and can be applied to the preparation of unique five- or six-membered cyclic compounds. The corresponding products contain a fully substituted allylic carbon and the reaction is characterized by high functional-group tolerance.
Development and validation of a sensitive HPLC-HESI-MS/MS method for quantitative determination of bitopertin in rat and marmoset plasma
Authors: Frouni Imane , Gaudette Fleur , Bédard Dominique , Nuara Stephen G. , Kwan Cynthia , Hamadjida Adjia , Gourdon Jim C. , Beaudry Francis , Huot Philippe 
Published: August 2020

Bitopertin is a potent glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) inhibitor that has undergone clinical trials for diverse disorders and has a well-documented pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in humans. Even though pre-clinical studies have demonstrated potential therapeutic effects on cognition and neuropathic pain, the PK profile of bitopertin in the rat has been partly disclosed and no study reporting its PK profile in the common marmoset has been published. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with heat assisted electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-HESI-MS/MS) assay to quantify bitopertin in the rat (Sprague-Dawley) and the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) plasma after administration of 1.0 mg/kg subcutaneously. The analytical method consisted of protein precipitation followed by HPLC-HESI–MS/MS. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Thermo Scientific Aquasil C18 analytical column (100 x 2.1 mm I.D., 5.0 μm) kept at 50°C using acetonitrile and water both fortified at 0.1% (v/v) with formic acid at a ratio 55:45 as mobile phase with a constant flow rate of 250 μL/min. The calibration function was linear in the range of 0.3-200.0 ng/mL in rat plasma. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were within ± 15% at all concentrations. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) in rat plasma were 0.08 and 0.3 ng/mL, respectively. This method has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity and was successfully applied to measure bitopertin in rat and marmoset plasma, allowing the investigation of its PK properties in both species.
Small animal Review
Authors: Tennant Bryn 
Published: August 2020

Summary: Cystic and solid myxomatous lesions may develop unilaterally in the elbow of older cats with pre-existing, usually bilateral degenerative joint disease. The cysts and solid myxomas may reflect a spectrum of disease, ranging from degenerative joint disease at one end, through synovial herniation and development of periarticular cysts to neoplastic transformation and the development of a myxoma at the other. The lesions are slowly progressive and locally infiltrative, but do not appear to metastasise and show a good prognosis.
Passive silicon ring-assisted Mach–Zehnder interleavers operating in the broadband spectral range
Authors: Guan Huan , Liu Yang , Li Zezheng , Kuang Yingxin , Huang Xingrui , Li Zhiyong 
Published: August 2020

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a passive and compact interleaver on a silicon on insulator (SOI) platform using a ring-assisted asymmetrical Mach–Zehnder interferometer configuration. The wavelength-insensitive couplers, i.e., multimode interference couplers and adiabatic 3-dB couplers, are introduced to eliminate the effect of an unequal splitting ratio and wavelength on crosstalk and the operating spectral range. In addition, there exists an inherent phase shift between the two couplers; the device can be fully passive and works well without additional thermal tuning. In the calculation, the influence of wavelength sensitivity of self-coupling coefficients and couplers on the performance of the interleaver is considered. The experiment shows that, by employing wavelength-insensitive couplers, the operating spectral range of the proposed interleavers was extended to be

>

140

n
m

for all sorts of channel spacing and channel count. The measured free spectral range is 4.6 nm, and the crosstalk is as low as

−

46.6

d
B

for the best case.
Tool-Work Contact Ratio and Parametric Influence in Ultrasonic Vibration–Assisted Turning of Ti6Al4V Alloy
Authors: Venkata Sivareddy D. , Vamsi Krishna P. , Venu Gopal A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The performance of the machining process depends on the time of contact of the cutting tool with the workpiece. In this work, the effect of vibrating and cutting parameters on tool-work contact ratio (TWCR) in ultrasonic vibration–assisted turning (UVAT) is evaluated. Machining performance is measured in terms of average cutting force, cutting temperature, and average surface roughness. Full factorial experiments are conducted on a Ti6Al4V alloy to evaluate the performance of the UVAT process in terms of TWCR. The performance of the UVAT process is analyzed and compared with the conventional turning process at various conditions, such as intensity of ultrasonic power (80, 90, and 100 %), cutting speed (10, 30, and 50 m/min), feed rate (0.055, 0.103, and 0.161 mm/rev), and depth of cut (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mm). The cutting force, cutting temperature, and surface roughness are decreased with the increase in percentage intensity of ultrasonic power. The effectiveness of UVAT process is greater at higher levels of vibrating parameters and lower levels of cutting parameters in the selected range. Finally, it is concluded that the maximum benefit from the UVAT process is obtained at TWCR of 0.136 and its effect is dominant at lower levels of cutting conditions. However, the effect of thermal loading is dominant at higher levels of cutting conditions in the selected range.
Increasing Early Childhood Screening in Primary Care Through a Quality Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Flower Kori B. , Massie Sara , Janies Kathryn , Bassewitz Jane B. , Coker Tumaini R. , Gillespie Robert J. , Macias Michelle M. , Whitaker Toni M. , Zubler Jennifer , Steinberg Darcy , DeStigter Laura , Earls Marian F. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Multiple early childhood screenings are recommended, but gaps persist in implementation. Our aim for this project was to improve screening, discussion, referral, and follow-up of development, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), maternal depression, and social determinants of health (SDoH) to 90% by July 2018.

METHODS:
This 1-year national quality improvement collaborative involved 19 pediatric primary care practices. Supported by virtual and in-person learning opportunities, practice teams implemented changes to early childhood screening. Monthly chart reviews were used to assess screening, discussion, referral, and follow-up for development, ASD, maternal depression, and SDoH. Parent surveys were used to assess parent-reported screening and referral and/or resource provision. Practice self-ratings and team surveys were used to assess practice-level changes.

RESULTS:
Participating practices included independent, academic, hospital-affiliated, and multispecialty group practices and community health centers in 12 states. The collaborative met development and ASD screening goals of &gt;90%. Largest increases in screening occurred for maternal depression (27% to 87%; +222%; P &lt; .001) and SDoH (26% to 76%; +231%; P &lt; .001). Statistically significant increases in discussion of results occurred for all screening areas. For referral, significant increases were seen for development (53% to 86%; P &lt; .001) and maternal depression (23% to 100%; P = .008). Parents also reported increased screening and referral and/or resource provision. Practice-level changes included improved systems to support screening.

CONCLUSIONS:
Practices successfully implemented multiple screenings and demonstrated improvement in subsequent discussion, referral, and follow-up steps. Continued advocacy for adequate resources to support referral and follow-up is needed to translate increased screening into improved health outcomes.
Primary Substance Use Prevention Programs for Children and Youth: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tremblay Melissa , Baydala Lola , Khan Maria , Currie Cheryl , Morley Kirstyn , Burkholder Caitlin , Davidson Riley , Stillar Amanda 
Published: August 2020

CONTEXT:An updated synthesis of research on substance abuse prevention programs can promote enhanced uptake of programs with proven effectiveness, particularly when paired with information relevant to practitioners and policy makers.OBJECTIVE:To assess the strength of the scientific evidence for psychoactive substance abuse prevention programs for school-aged children and youth.DATA SOURCES:A systematic review was conducted of studies published up until March 31, 2020.STUDY SELECTION:Articles on substance abuse prevention programs for school-aged children and youth were independently screened and included if they met eligibility criteria: (1) the program was designed for a general population of children and youth (ie, not designed for particular target groups), (2) the program was delivered to a general population, (3) the program only targeted children and youth, and (4) the study included a control group.DATA EXTRACTION:Two reviewers independently evaluated study quality and extracted outcome data.RESULTS:Ninety studies met eligibility criteria, representing 16 programs. Programs evaluated with the largest combined sample sizes were Drug Abuse Resistance Education, Project Adolescent Learning Experiences Resistance Training, Life Skills Training (LST), the Adolescent Alcohol Prevention Trial, and Project Choice.LIMITATIONS:Given the heterogeneity of outcomes measured in the included studies, it was not possible to conduct a statistical meta-analysis of program effectiveness.CONCLUSIONS:The most research has been conducted on the LST program. However, as with other programs included in this review, studies of LST effectiveness varied in quality. With this review, we provide an updated summary of evidence for primary prevention program effectiveness.
Menaces Dâ€™origine Anthropique Et Habitat De Pan Paniscus Dans La Reserve Naturelle De Sankuru, En Republique Democratique Du Congo
Authors: Faustin Nyembo , Benoit Mertens , Mamadou Cherif , KonÃ© Inza 
Published: August 2020

Le bonobo (Pan paniscus), est une espÃ¨ce endÃ©mique Ã la RÃ©publique DÃ©mocratique du Congo (RDC). La prÃ©sente Ã©tude identifie les menaces qui pÃ¨sent sur ce primate au niveau de la RÃ©serve Naturelle de Sankuru (RNSA), les priorise Ã partir des analyses spatiales en Ã©valuant, de maniÃ¨re comparative, lâ€™Ã©volution de lâ€™occupation du sol Ã lâ€™intÃ©rieur et extÃ©rieur de la zone protÃ©gÃ©e. Par rapport au reste de lâ€™aire de rÃ©partition historique du bonobo en RDC oÃ¹ la chasse est une prÃ©occupation majeure, les enquÃªtes dans la zone dâ€™Ã©tude rÃ©vÃ¨lent que lâ€™agriculture sur brÃ»lis est la premiÃ¨re menace dâ€™origine anthropique qui influe plus sur la survie de ce primate. Lâ€™Ã©tude rÃ©vÃ¨le des signes dâ€™existence dâ€™une ignorance persistante aux lois du pays en matiÃ¨re de gestion et de conservation de la nature de la part de la population locale. La croissance dÃ©mographique, le manque dâ€™alternatives de subsistance ainsi que lâ€™expansion de lâ€™occupation du sol Ã lâ€™intÃ©rieur et aux alentours de la RNSA prÃ©sentent des grandes envergures spatiales et un impact trÃ¨s remarquable sur le couvert vÃ©gÃ©tal. La vitesse de lâ€™expansion du complexe rural est de 1,5% dans la RNSA soit 3600 ha/an. Cette extension se fait de faÃ§ons identiques Ã lâ€™intÃ©rieur et Ã lâ€™extÃ©rieur de la limite de la RNSA.
The bonobo (Pan paniscus), is an endemic species to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This study identifies the threats to this primate in the Sankuru Natural Reserve (RNSA), prioritizes them based on spatial analyzes by evaluating, in a comparative manner, the land use evolution inside and outside the protected area. Compared to the rest of the bonobo distribution area where hunting is a major concern, surveys reveal that slash-and-burn agriculture is the first anthropogenic threat that has the greatest impact on bonobo's survival in the RNSA. The reveals signs of persistent ignorance to the country's laws on the management and conservation of nature by the local population. Population growth, the lack of subsistence alternatives as well as the expansion of the rural complex within and around the RNSA present large spatial dimensions and a very remarkable impact on the vegetation cover. The rate of expansion of the rural complex is 1.5% in the RNSA or 3600 ha / year. This extension of the rural complex is done in identical ways inside and outside the RNSA boundary.
Convergence Analysis of a Stochastic Progressive Hedging Algorithm for Stochastic Programming
Authors: Mu Zhenguo , Yang Junfeng 
Published: August 2020

Stochastic programming is an approach for solving optimization problems with uncertainty data whose probability distribution is assumed to be known, and progressive hedging algorithm (PHA) is a well-known decomposition method for solving the underlying model. However, the per iteration computation of PHA could be very costly since it solves a large number of subproblems corresponding to all the scenarios. In this paper, a stochastic variant of PHA is studied. At each iteration, only a small fraction of the scenarios are selected uniformly at random and the corresponding variable components are updated accordingly, while the variable components corresponding to those not selected scenarios are kept untouch. Therefore, the per iteration cost can be controlled freely to achieve very fast iterations. We show that, though the per iteration cost is reduced significantly, the proposed stochastic PHA converges in an ergodic sense at the same sublinear rate as the original PHA.