bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detailed atmospheric ice accretion surface measurement using micro‐computed tomography
Authors: Velandia Juan S. , Bansmer Stephan E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSurfaces exposed to atmospheric cold temperature and humid environments are prone to ice accretion. Airplanes, electrical power transmission cables, and wind turbines are typical examples for which icing has to be considered. The measurement of the resulting ice shapes is a challenging process. While macroscopic characteristics of the ice geometry can be observed using photography and optical scanning techniques, microscopic measurements are difficult to conduct because grooved surface partially occludes the geometry of chasms. To overcome this optical inaccessibility, we propose a method to carry out detailed high‐resolution measurements of the accretion surface with micro‐computed tomography. This approach provides a unique visualization of the empty spaces in the feather region. The information obtained by this technique can improve the understanding of ice accretion physics and its computational modeling.
Untersuchung der hygrothermischen Eigenschaften eines ökologischen Bodenaufbaus aus Lehm
Authors: Fischer Henriette , Salonen Tarja , Mitterböck Michael , Korjenic Azra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDer Einsatz von ökologischen Konstruktionen begegnet oft Hemmnissen aufgrund von Unsicherheiten bezüglich hygrothermischer Kennwerte in Planung und Ausführung. Speziell im erdberührten Bereich gibt es für Hochbauten wenig ökologische Alternativen zu konventionellen Fußbodenaufbauten aus Stahlbeton und erdölbasierter Abdichtung. In dieser Studie wurde ein Bodenaufbau, bestehend aus Glasschaumgranulat und drei verschiedenen Lehmschichten, auf seine hygrothermische Funktionsfähigkeit und Behaglichkeit im Innenraum untersucht und beurteilt. Dabei wurde der Bodenaufbau mittels Simulationen und In situ‐Monitoring analysiert. Der untersuchte Bodenaufbau ist hygrothermisch funktionstüchtig und stellt im Zusammenhang mit Streifenfundamenten eine diffusionsoffene, emissionsarme Alternative zu herkömmlichen Betonaufbauten im Hochbau dar.
Design and synthesis of two new terbium and europium complex‐based luminescent probes for the selective detection of zinc ions
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Abdel‐Azeim Safwat , Ullah Nisar , Oladepo Sulayman A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractZinc plays a key role in many physiological processes and has implications for the environment. Consequently, detection of chelatable zinc ion (Zn2+) has attracted widespread interest from the research community. Lanthanide‐based luminescent probes offer particular advantages, such as high water solubility, long luminescence lifetimes and a large Stokes’ shift, over common organic dye‐based fluorescent sensors. Here, we report the synthesis of terbium and europium complex‐based probes, Tb‐1 and Eu‐1, for sensitive and selective detection of Zn2+ in water. These probes featured the incorporation of bis(2‐pyridylmethyl)]amine (DPA) receptor for Zn2+ chelation and the 1,4,7‐tris(carboxymethyl)‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane (DO3A) ring to chelate lanthanide (Ln3+). Tb‐1 and Eu‐1 displayed high selectivity for Zn2+ ions over a wide range of competing ions, with limits of detection of 0.50 ± 0.1 μM and 1.5 ± 0.01 μM, respectively. Density functional theory simulations were in good agreement with experimental observations, displaying high Zn2+ selectivity compared with most competing ions. In the competing ions experiments, the luminescence response of Tb‐1 and Eu‐1 was moderately quenched by some ions such as Cu2+, this was linked to the comparable binding abilities of these ions for the receptor of the probe.
Flipped learning: As a solution for course duration
Authors: Gürsoy Gülden , Orhan Göksün Derya 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present study was conducted to investigate solutions for the practical problem of theoretical instruction included in the course content of the Measurement and Evaluation Course, instructed for 3 hr weekly. The study was designed as an action research to improve the quality of the learning process in the course. First, it was attempted to extend the course hours without success. Then, the flipped learning (FL) method was used for 5 weeks. FL led to the expected impact and provided a solution to the research problem and most participants reported positive views on the method and the course. Based on the above‐mentioned findings, it could be suggested that the FL method could be a solution for the problem of the lack of sufficient time in the course; however, the findings could differ based on both group characteristics and adequacy of the course content.
Long‐term health‐related quality of life among men with prostate cancer in the Finnish randomized study of screening for prostate cancer
Authors: Talala Kirsi , Heinävaara Sirpa , Taari Kimmo , Tammela Teuvo L. J. , Kujala Paula , Stenman Ulf‐Håkan , Malila Nea , Auvinen Anssi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe long‐term health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) impacts of PCa screening have not been adequately evaluated. We aimed to compare the generic and disease‐specific health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) among men with prostate cancer in the screening arm with the control arm of the PSA‐based prostate cancer screening trial in up to 15 years of follow‐up.Materials and methodsThis study was conducted within population‐based Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (FinRSPC). During 1996‐1999 80,458 men were randomized to the serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening arm (SA, N = 32 000) and the control arm (CA, N = 48 458). Men in the screening arm were screened at 4‐year intervals until 2007. HRQOL questionnaires were delivered to newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients in the screening and control arm 1996‐2006 (N = 5128) at the time of diagnosis (baseline), at 3‐month, 12‐month and 5, 10, and 15‐year follow‐up. Validated UCLA Prostate Cancer Index (UCLA‐PCI) and RAND 36‐Item Health Survey were used for HRQOL assessment. The data were analyzed with a random effects model for repeated measures.ResultsAt baseline, men with prostate cancer in the screening arm reported better Sexual Function, as well as less Sexual and Urinary Bother. Long‐term follow‐up revealed slightly higher HRQOL scores in the screening arm in prostate cancer specific measures at 10‐year post diagnosis, but the differences were statistically significant only in Urinary Bother (UCLA‐PCI score 77.9; 95% CI 75.2 to 80.5 vs. 70.9; 95% CI 66.8 to 74.9 P = .005). The generic HRQOL scores were comparable between the trial arms. The overall differences in disease‐specific or generic HRQOL scores by trial arm did not vary during the follow‐up.ConclusionNo major differences were observed in HRQOL in men with prostate cancer between the prostate cancer screening and control arms during five to 15‐year follow‐up.
Selective Recovery of Ammonia Nitrogen from Wastewaters with Transition Metal‐Loaded Polymeric Cation Exchange Adsorbents
Authors: Clark Brandon , Tarpeh William A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExtracting valuable products from wastewaters with nitrogen‐selective adsorbents can offset energy‐intensive ammonia production, rebalance the nitrogen cycle, and incentivize environmental remediation. Separating nitrogen (N) as ammonium from other wastewater cations (e.g., K+, Ca2+) presents a major challenge to N removal from wastewater and N recovery as high‐purity products. High selectivity and capacity were achieved through ligand exchange of ammonia with ammine‐complexing transition metals loaded onto polymeric cation exchange resins. Compared to commercial resins, metal–ligand exchange adsorbents exhibited higher ammonia removal capacity (8 mequiv g−1) and selectivity (N/K+ equilibrium selectivity of 10.1) in binary equimolar solutions. Considering optimal ammonia concentrations (200–300 mequiv L−1) and pH (9–10) for metal–ligand exchange, hydrolyzed urine was identified as a promising candidate for selective TAN recovery. However, divalent cation exchange increased transition metal elution and reduced ammonia adsorption. Ultimately, metal–ligand exchange adsorbents can advance nitrogen‐selective separations from wastewaters.
Practical Guidelines for Collection, Manipulation and Inactivation of SARS‐CoV‐2 and COVID‐19 Clinical Specimens
Authors: Bain William , Lee Janet S. , Watson Alan M. , Stitt‐Fischer Molly S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 is a novel coronavirus that causes the acute respiratory disease—Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)—which has led to a global health crisis. Currently, no prophylactics or therapies exist to control virus spread or mitigate the disease. Thus, the risk of infection for physicians and scientists is high, requiring work to be conducted in Biosafety Level‐3 (BSL‐3) facilities if virus will be isolated or propagated. However, inactivation of the virus can enable safe handling at a reduced biosafety level, making samples accessible to a diverse array of institutions and investigators. Institutions of all types have an immediate need for guidelines that outline safe collection, handling, and inactivation of samples suspected to contain active virus. Here we provide a practical guide for physicians and researchers wishing to work with materials from patients who are COVID‐19 positive or suspected positive. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Practical guidelines for the safe collection and handling of specimens collected from COVID‐19 and suspected COVID‐19 patientsBasic Protocol 2: Inactivating SARS‐CoV‐2
Study on the cost allocation method to maximize the benefit of e‐commerce enterprises in the cloud computing environment
Authors: Zhao Jinfang 
Published: June 2020

SummaryCloud computing is a brand‐new IT service delivery model. It is a key strategic technology and means to lead the innovation of the information industry in the future. It can effectively solve the dynamic demand and final cost of e‐commerce enterprise resources, and it can reduce costs for e‐commerce enterprises to improve management, promote information development, and achieve resource integration. It is a key factor in shaping and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises. Fuzzy paradigm should be understood and used at the level of world view and methodology, and should be recognized that it has different forms and properties in different disciplines. Based on the cloud computing environment, this article proposes a task allocation model, taking into account the utility functions of different users, and maximizing the overall terminal benefits by assigning computational tasks on a large number of terminals to virtual machine instances. The simulation results show that the overall benefit of the terminal under this allocation model is significantly higher than that of the overall terminal under the centralized task allocation model.
Use of CRISPR/Cas9 for Targeted Mutagenesis in Sorghum
Authors: Char Si Nian , Lee Hyeyoung , Yang Bing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSorghum (Sorghum bicolor) fulfills the demand for bioenergy resources and also provides substantial diet calories to the world's population. Therefore, many biological studies use sorghum as a research model for improvement of the domesticated food and bioenergy crops. Furthermore, leveraging genome editing systems in a plethora of grass plant species has been extensively studied with no exception in sorghum. However, a protocol that details the genome editing strategies using CRISPR/Cas9 and that combines an efficient tissue culture and transformation platform in sorghum based on Agrobacterium‐mediated DNA transfer has yet to be reported. This protocol outlines the steps and workflow from design of sorghum CRISPR target sites using BTx623 as a reference genome, construction of sorghum CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids, tissue culture, to Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation followed by genotyping of CRISPR/Cas9 induced mutants. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Construction of CRISPR/Cas9 expression vector to analysis of CRISPR‐edited plantsBasic Protocol 2: Stable transformation of sorghumSupport Protocol: Management of sorghum plants in a greenhouse
Integrative transcriptomic analysis of pancreatic islets from patients with prediabetes/type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mencucci María V. , Flores Luis E. , Gagliardino Juan J. , Abba Martín C. , Maiztegui Bárbara 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo identify new transcriptomic alterations in pancreatic islets associated with metabolic dysfunctions in people with prediabetes (PD)/type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and methodsWe collected information from public data repositories T2D related microarray datasets from pancreatic islets. We identified Differential Expressed Genes (DEGs) in non‐diabetic (ND) vs people with T2D in each study. To identify relevant DEGs in T2D, we selected those that varied consistently in the different studies for further meta‐analysis and functional enrichment analysis. DEGs were also evaluated at the PD stage.ResultsA total of seven microarray datasets were collected and analysed to find the DEGs in each study and meta‐analysis was performed with 245 ND and 96 T2D cases. We identified 55 transcriptional alterations potentially associated with specific metabolic dysfunctions in T2D. Meta‐analysis showed that 87% of transcripts identified as DEGs (48 out of 55) were confirmed as having statistically significant up‐ or down‐modulation in T2D compared to ND. Notably, nine of these DEGs have not been previously reported as dysregulated in pancreatic islets from people with T2D. Consistently, the most significantly enriched pathways were related to the metabolism and/or development/maintenance of β‐cells. Eighteen of the 48 selected DEGs (38%) showed an altered expression in islets from people with PD.ConclusionsThese results provide new evidence to interpret the pathogenesis of T2D and the transition from PD to T2D. Further studies are necessary to validate its potential use for the development/implementation of efficient new strategies for the prevention, diagnosis/prognosis and treatment of T2D.
DNA mini‐barcoding of leporids using noninvasive fecal DNA samples and its significance for monitoring an invasive species
Authors: Rodrigues Nayra T. , Saranholi Bruno H. , Angeloni Thais A. , Pasqualotto Nielson , Chiarello Adriano G. , Galetti Jr Pedro M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduced in South America at the end of the 19th century, the European hare population has expanded dramatically and now represents a risk to native Brazilian forest rabbits. Monitoring the invasive Lepus europaeus and its coexistence with native Sylvilagus brasiliensis is a challenge that can be efficiently addressed by the use of molecular tools. This work describes a set of primers useful for amplifying three mini‐barcodes for the molecular identification of both invasive and native leporid species using degraded fecal DNA. In addition, tests in silico indicate that these mini‐barcodes can successfully amplify the DNA sequences of a number of leporids. These mini‐barcodes constitute a powerful tool for the monitoring and management of the invasive L. europaeus and the conservation of native rabbits.
“A cleaner break”: Genetic divergence between geographic groups and sympatric phenotypes revealed in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta)
Authors: Seljestad Gaute W. , Quintela María , Faust Ellika , Halvorsen Kim T. , Besnier François , Jansson Eeva , Dahle Geir , Knutsen Halvor , André Carl , Folkvord Arild , Glover Kevin A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCapture and long‐distance translocation of cleaner fish to control lice infestations on marine salmonid farms has the potential to influence wild populations via overexploitation in source regions, and introgression in recipient regions. Knowledge of population genetic structure is therefore required. We studied the genetic structure of ballan wrasse, a phenotypically diverse and extensively used cleaner fish, from 18 locations in Norway and Sweden, and from Galicia, Spain, using 82 SNP markers. We detected two very distinct genetic groups in Scandinavia, northwestern and southeastern. These groups were split by a stretch of sandy beaches in southwest Norway, representing a habitat discontinuity for this rocky shore associated benthic egg‐laying species. Wrasse from Galicia were highly differentiated from all Scandinavian locations, but more similar to northwestern than southeastern locations. Distinct genetic differences were observed between sympatric spotty and plain phenotypes in Galicia, but not in Scandinavia. The mechanisms underlying the geographic patterns between phenotypes are discussed, but not identified. We conclude that extensive aquaculture‐mediated translocation of ballan wrasse from Sweden and southern Norway to western and middle Norway has the potential to mix genetically distinct populations. These results question the sustainability of the current cleaner fish practice.
Effects of a person‐centred approach in a school setting for adolescents with chronic pain—The HOPE randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fors Andreas , Wallbing Ulrika , Alfvén Gösta , Kemani Mike K. , Lundberg Mari , Wigert Helena , Nilsson Stefan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain among adolescents is common but effective interventions applicable in a school setting are rare. Person‐centred care (PCC) is a key factor in improving health by engaging persons as partners in their own care.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, a total of 98 adolescents in secondary school or upper secondary school (aged 14 − 21 years) with chronic pain were randomly assigned to a PCC intervention or standard school healthcare. In the intervention group a pain management programme, based on a PCC approach, comprising four face‐to‐face sessions with a school nurse over a period of 5 weeks was added to standard school healthcare. The main outcome measure was self‐efficacy in daily activities (SEDA scale) and rating scales for pain intensity and pain impact were used as secondary outcome measures.ResultsAt the follow‐up, no significant differences were found between the groups in the SEDA scale (p = .608) or in the rating scales for pain intensity (p = .261) and pain impact (p = .836). In the sub‐group analysis, a significant improvement in the SEDA scale was detected at the secondary school in favour of the PCC intervention group (p = .021).ConclusionIn this pain management programme based on a PCC approach, we found no effect in the total sample, but the programme showed promising results to improve self‐efficacy in daily activities among adolescents at secondary school.SignificanceThis study evaluates the effects of a pain management programme based on a PCC approach in a school setting addressing adolescents at upper secondary and secondary schools with chronic pain. No overall effects were shown, but results illustrate that the intervention improved self‐efficacy in adolescents at secondary school. Implementation of a PCC approach in a school setting may have the potential to improve self‐efficacy in daily activities for adolescents with chronic pain at secondary school.
Updated Multiple Linear Regression Models for Predicting Chronic Aluminum Toxicity to Freshwater Aquatic Organisms and Developing Water Quality Guidelines
Authors: DeForest David K. , Brix Kevin V. , Tear Lucinda M. , Cardwell Allison S. , Stubblefield William A. , Nordheim Eirik , Adams William J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Multiple linear regression (MLR) models for predicting chronic aluminum toxicity to a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) and a fish (Pimephales promelas) as a function of 3 toxicity-modifying factors (TMFs)—dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH, and hardness—have been published previously. However, the range over which data for these TMFs were available was somewhat limited. To address this limitation, additional chronic toxicity tests with these species were subsequently conducted to expand the DOC range up to 12 mg/L, the pH range up to 8.7, and the hardness range up to 428 mg/L. The additional toxicity data were used to update the chronic MLR models. The adjusted R2 for the C. dubia 20% effect concentration (EC20) model increased from 0.71 to 0.92 with the additional toxicity data, and the predicted R2 increased from 0.57 to 0.89. For P. promelas, the adjusted R2 increased from 0.87 to 0.92 and the predicted R2 increased from 0.72 to 0.87. The high predicted R2 relative to the adjusted R2 indicates that the models for both species are not overly parameterized. When data for C. dubia and P. promelas were pooled, the adjusted R2 values were comparable to the species-specific models (0.90 and 0.88 for C. dubia and P. promelas, respectively). This indicates that chronic aluminum EC20s for C. dubia and P. promelas respond similarly to variation in DOC, pH, and hardness. Overall, the pooled model predicted EC20s that were within a factor of 2 of observed in 100% of the C. dubia tests and 94% of the P. promelas tests. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1724–1736. © 2020 SETAC
Fishing for Food: Quantifying Recreational Fisheries Harvest in Wisconsin Lakes
Authors: Embke Holly S , Douglas Beard T. , Lynch Abigail J , Vander Zanden M Jake 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recreational fisheries have high economic worth, valued at US$190 billion globally. An important, but underappreciated, secondary value of recreational catch is its role as a source of food. This contribution is poorly understood due to difficulty in estimating recreational harvest at spatial scales beyond a single system, as traditionally estimated from individual creel surveys. Here, we address this gap using 28-year creel surveys of ~300 Wisconsin inland lakes. We develop a statistical model of recreational harvest for individual lakes and then scale-up to unsurveyed lakes (3,769 lakes; 73% of statewide lake surface area). We generate a statewide estimate of recreational lake harvest of ~4,200 metric tons and an estimated annual angler consumption rate of ~1.1 kg, nearly equal to the total estimated United States per capita freshwater fish consumption. An important ecosystem service, recreational harvest makes significant contributions to human diets and plays an often-unheralded role in food security.
Determination of free amino acids, organic acids, and nucleotides in 29 elegant spices
Authors: Duan Wen , Huang Yan , Xiao Junfei , Zhang Yuyu , Tang Yizhuang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSpices can be used in cooking to enhance the flavor of food. In order to systematically summarize and discuss the flavor components of 29 elegant spices, the free amino acids, nucleotides, and organic acids in these spices were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Cluster analysis was carried out to classify the 29 elegant spices based on similar data. The results showed considerable variations in the total free amino acids (1.12‒31.59 g/kg), organic acids (9.63‒71.90 g/kg), and nucleotides (0.03‒2.72 g/kg) in the elegant spices. Nine of the amino acids, especially glutamic acid and arginine, were found to have a taste active value (TAV) greater than 1. The TAVs of the 5′‐nucleotides, succinic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, and ascorbic acid were all >1. The equivalent umami concentration (EUC) of sweet marjoram was 83.69 g MSG/100 g. The 29 elegant spices were divided into two categories according to cluster analysis of the EUC. Oregano fell into one category, and the remaining 28 spices fell into the other category.