bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REGULATED EXPRESSION OF CHONDROITIN SULFATES AT SITES OF EPITHELIAL—MESENCHYMAL INTERACTION: SPATIO‐TEMPORAL PATTERNING IDENTIFIED WITH ANTI‐CHONDROITIN SULFATE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Authors: Sorrell J. Michael , Carrino David A. , Caplan Arnold I. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractChondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules in both neural and non‐neural tissues, are highly regulated during normal development. Entire proteoglycan molecules may be either up‐regulated or down‐regulated, or only the chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan portions of these molecules may be modified. Subtle changes in the chemistries of chondroitin sulfate chains can now be identified through the use of a panel of anti‐chondroitin sulfate monoclonal antibodies. Each of these antibodies recognizes specific chemical structures which are non‐randomly dispersed along the lengths of chondroitin sulfate chains. The location of individual epitopes within defined domains in these chains is demonstrated through controlled treatments of aggrecan with chondroitinase ABC, whereby portions of these chains are removed from the non‐reducing terminal ends and where the remainder of the chains remains covalently attached to the core protein. In these situations, some epitopes, such as those recognized by antibodies CS‐56 and 6C3, can be removed without loss of other epitopes, such as that recognized by antibody 4C3. The independent expression of individual epitopes is demonstrated by immunocytochemical analyses of developing skin appendages in embryonic chicks and fetal humans. These are sites where highly patterned morphogenetic movements result from epithelial‐mesenchymal interactions. In both chicks and humans, some epitopes are constitutively expressed while others are strictly regulated in the mesenchymal portions of the developing skin appendages. These data strongly suggest that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, including their chondroitin sulfate chains, have important roles in regulating these epithelial—mesenchymal interactions. Furthermore, these data underscore the significance of the aforementioned observation that individual epitopes are located in specific domains within chondroitin sulfate chains. The highly organized expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in the development of the central nervous system strongly argues for a similar role for these molecules in the organs that comprise this system.
Abuse of women and children in a Philippine community
Authors: Acebes‐Escobal B.C , Nerida M.C , Chez R.A 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis retrospective study describes the demographic profiles, types of injuries and characteristics of abusers of 1354 women and children survivors of domestic violence who sought medical care from the obstetrics and gynecology resident and attending staff in the Women and Children Protection Unit in Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 1998. Thirty‐nine percent of these patients were sexually abused; their peak age was 11–20 years. Almost 75% of sexual abusers were from outside of the household. The highest incidence of physical abuse occurred in ages 26–35 years. Seventy‐five percent of this form of abuse was in the home and perpetrated by husbands and live‐in partners. Our data add to the expanding literature demonstrating the existence of family violence throughout the world. The role of our Protection Unit in responding to the victims of family violence is in keeping with the responsibilities and the ethical obligations all obstetrician–gynecologists have to the safety, physical and psychological needs of the women they serve.
Kyphoscoliosis complicating pregnancy
Authors: To W.W.K. , Wong M.W.N. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To assess whether the outcome of pregnancies complicated by kyphoscoliosis has improved with modern obstetric and orthopedic care. Methods: A total of 17 patients with 27 pregnancies complicated by kyphoscoliosis were identified from 91 498 pregnancies between 1980 and 1994 from the obstetric audit database. Their obstetric records and associated orthopedic records were carefully studied. Results: The incidence of kyphoscoliosis complicating pregnancy in the study period was 0.029%. The mean age of these patients in their index pregnancy was 32.7 years (range 23–40), mean height 140.7 cm (range 126–163). The cause of the kyphoscoliosis included traumatic injury, spinal tuberculosis, infantile poliomyelitis and idiopathic kyphoscoliosis. Eight of the patients had previous spinal surgery. The vaginal delivery rate was high and none suffered any cardiorespiratory embarrassment. There was no maternal or perinatal mortality. Conclusions: The high maternal and perinatal risks associated with kyphoscoliosis reported in earlier literature is no longer valid. The high proportion of patients who had previous spinal surgery before pregnancy might be conducive to the avoidance of harassment and thus a favorable pregnancy outcome.
Pregnancy in the older woman: scientific and ethical aspects
Authors: Eisenberg V.H. , Schenker J.G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSocietal trends in the past decades have encouraged women to delay childbearing. Oocyte donation with hormone replacement therapy can sustain a pregnancy in women of all ages provided they have a uterus. The physiological changes associated with pregnancy constitute a burden on any woman regardless of her age. For mothers over 40, maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality increase with age. This article discusses the ethical aspects of pregnancy in the older woman.
Neurotrophic effects of transferrin on embryonic chick brain and neural retina cell cultures
Authors: Bruinink A. , Sidler C. , Birchler F. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe viability and differentiation promoting effects of various transferrins [iron‐saturated (holo) and iron‐depleted (apo) human and chick ovo (conalbumin)‐transferrins, and bovine apo‐transferrin] were studied, using serum‐free, flat‐sedimented cell cultures of embryonic chick brain and neural retina. The effects of transferrin (Tf) on the cell cultures depended on the type of Tf used and the parameter measured.Significant differences between brain and neural retina cultures in the effects of apo‐ovoTf and iron [supplemented as ammonium‐iron (III) citrate] were detected. Maximal levels of mitochondrial activity were observed in the presence of 2 mg/l apo‐ovoTf in neural retina cell cultures. In brain cell cultures, 40 mg ovoTf/l were needed to achieve maximal levels. In brain, but not in neural, retina cell cultures ovoTf and optimal concentrations of Fe3+ exhibited similar effects on biochemical parameters of cell function and differentiation. Although, in the absence of ovoTf, neuronal outgrowth on areas not covered by glial cells was inhibited in both cell cultures, the differences were more prominent in neural retina cell cultures. Our data strongly suggest that Tf plays a key role in processes not connected directly with its iron transport capability.
Postnatal changes of brain monoamine levels in prenatally malnourished and control rats
Authors: Chen Jin‐Chung , Turiak Gyorgy , Galler Janina , Volicer Ladislav 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe effects of age and prenatal protein malnutrition (6% casein diet) on the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites and precursors in the hippocampal formation, striatum, brain stem and cerebral cortex were investigated in 1‐, 15‐, 30‐, 45‐, 90‐ and 220‐day‐old rats. Concentrations of all neurotransmitters, i.e. dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin, changed significantly during the development. However, two main patterns were recognized. Serotonin in all areas, and dopamine in the striatum, increased from birth to day 45, and declined significantly in 90‐day‐old rats. In contrast, norepinephrine in all areas, and dopamine in areas other than the striatum, showed the lowest levels in 30‐day‐old rats, with levels increasing gradually after this age. Concentrations of metabolites paralleled changes in corresponding neurotransmitter levels. Prenatal protein malnutrition did not significantly affect any neurotransmitter concentrations with the exception of increased tryptophan levels (181%) in the hippocampal formation of newborn rats and decreased tyrosine levels (59%) in the striatum of day 30 rats. The results indicate that the monoamine transmitter content varied dynamically throughout postnatal life; however, they seem to counteract the insult from prenatal protein malnutrition after postnatal nutritional rehabilitation.
Characterization and Proteomic Analysis of Decellularized Adipose Tissue Hydrogels Derived from Lean and Overweight/Obese Human Donors
Authors: Mohiuddin Omair A. , Motherwell Jessica M. , Rogers Emma , Bratton Melyssa R. , Zhang Qiang , Wang Guangdi , Bunnell Bruce , Hayes Daniel J. , Gimble Jeffrey M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhile decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) has potential as an “off‐the‐shelf” biomaterial product for regenerative medicine, it remains to be determined if donor‐source body mass index (BMI) impacts the functionality of DAT. This study set out to comparatively characterize lean versus overweight/obese‐donor derived DAT hydrogel based on proteome and to analyze their respective effects on adipose stromal/stem cell (ASC) viability, and differentiation in vitro. Decellularized adipose tissue from lean (lDAT) and overweight/obese (oDAT) donors is produced and characterized. Variability in the fibril microstructures is found, with dense fibrotic fiber clusters and large pore area uniquely present in the oDAT samples. Proteomic analysis reveals that lDAT contains a greater proportion of enriched extracellular proteins and a smaller proportion of enriched intracellular proteins relative to oDAT. Biocompatibility studies show that ASCs cultured in lDAT and oDAT hydrogels remain viable. The adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capability of ASCs seeded in lDAT and oDAT hydrogels is confirmed by an upregulation in marker gene expression and phenotypic analysis. In conclusion, this study establishes that DAT hydrogels derived from lean and overweight/obese adipose donors present similar physicochemical profiles with some distinctive features while comparably supporting the viability and adipogenic differentiation of ASCs in vitro.
Photochemical Methods for Peptide Macrocyclisation
Authors: Raynal Laetitia , Rose Nicholas C. , Donald James R. , Spicer Christopher D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhotochemical reactions have been the subject of renewed interest over the last two decades, leading to the development of many new, diverse and powerful chemical transformations. More recently, these developments have been expanded to enable the photochemical macrocyclisation of peptides and small proteins. These constructs benefit from increased stability, structural rigidity and biological potency over their linear counterparts, providing opportunities for improved therapeutic agents. In this review, an overview of both the established and emerging methods for photochemical peptide macrocyclisation is presented, highlighting both the limitations and opportunities for further innovation in the field.
A case‐crossover study on the effect of short‐term exposure to moderate levels of air pollution on the risk of heart failure
Authors: Huschmann Ariane , Rasche Marius , Schlattmann Peter , Witte Otto W. , Schwab Matthias , Schulze P. Christian , Rakers Florian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsExposure to high levels of air pollution in industrialized urban areas is associated with an increased risk of heart failure (HF). On most days, the majority of European cities are only moderately affected by air pollution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between short‐term exposure to moderate levels of air pollution with the risk of HF in a city with good air quality.Methods and resultsWe recruited 576 patients (median age 82 years; 58.2% men) admitted to a large university hospital in Central Germany for HF to participate in a hospital‐based, bidirectional, case‐crossover study. Diagnosis of HF and symptom onset were verified individually. The effect of short‐term exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM10), and ozone (O3) on the risk of HF was estimated using linear and non‐linear (categorized) multivariate analyses for three different lag times (1, 2, and 3 days before HF onset). Air pollution variables were adjusted to the date of HF symptom onset. During the study period, the average daily concentration of air pollutants was only moderate and reflects the average European background air pollution. In particular, the concentration of air pollutants ranged from 2 to 63.39 μg/m3 (median = 17.46 μg/m3) for NO2, from 2 to 125.88 μg/m3 (median = 44.61 μg/m3) for O3, and from 2.21 to 166.79 μg/m3 (median = 18.67 μg/m3) for PM10. We did not find a linear or non‐linear association between short‐term exposure to NO2, O3, or PM10 and risk for HF at all lag times in the overall population and subgroups.ConclusionsIn an area with only moderate air pollution, short‐term exposure to major air pollutants does not increase the risk for HF. Future studies should focus on a potential threshold effect of air pollution on HF risk as a basis for evidence‐based development of statutory limits in highly polluted areas.
From virus to inflammation, how influenza promotes lung damage
Authors: Klomp Mitchell , Ghosh Sumit , Mohammed Sohail , Nadeem Khan M 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite seasonal vaccines, influenza-related hospitalization and death rates have remained unchanged over the past 5 years. Influenza pathogenesis has 2 crucial clinical components; first, influenza causes acute lung injury that may require hospitalization. Second, acute injury promotes secondary bacterial pneumonia, a leading cause of hospitalization and disease burden in the United States and globally. Therefore, developing an effective therapeutic regimen against influenza requires a comprehensive understanding of the damage-associated immune-mechanisms to identify therapeutic targets for interventions to mitigate inflammation/tissue-damage, improve antiviral immunity, and prevent influenza-associated secondary bacterial diseases. In this review, the pathogenic immune mechanisms implicated in acute lung injury and the possibility of using lung inflammation and barrier crosstalk for developing therapeutics against influenza are highlighted.
Multi‐Component Approach for Synthesis of Quinolinyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines, Evaluation of Cytotoxicity against MCF7 and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Suresh Selvendran , Das Souvik , Waidha Kamran , Maity Ritwik , Basu Biswarup , Rajendran Saravanakumar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTetrazolo[1,5‐a]quinoline‐4‐carbaldehyde, 3‐oxo‐3‐phenylpropanenitrile, and β‐enamine were reacted in one‐pot to obtain highly functionalized quinolinyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines. In addition to spectroscopic characterization, the structure of one of the compound is confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Among all compounds evaluated for cytotoxic effect against MCF7, three quinolinyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines (SKS13, 19, and 20) were found to be most active with half inhibition concentrations value of 7.87–9.55 μM. Molecular docking of the active molecules to various breast cancer targets revealed effective compounds have multiple receptor targeting potential in breast cancer. Our results corroborate quinolinyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines as a valuable scaffold to develop anticancer drugs.
Vector boson fusion at multi-TeV muon colliders
Authors: Costantini Antonio , De Lillo Federico , Maltoni Fabio , Mantani Luca , Mattelaer Olivier , Ruiz Richard , Zhao Xiaoran 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
High-energy lepton colliders with a centre-of-mass energy in the multi-TeV range are currently considered among the most challenging and far-reaching future accelerator projects. Studies performed so far have mostly focused on the reach for new phenomena in lepton-antilepton annihilation channels. In this work we observe that starting from collider energies of a few TeV, electroweak (EW) vector boson fusion/scattering (VBF) at lepton colliders becomes the dominant production mode for all Standard Model processes relevant to studying the EW sector. In many cases we find that this also holds for new physics. We quantify the size and the growth of VBF cross sections with collider energy for a number of SM and new physics processes. By considering luminosity scenarios achievable at a muon collider, we conclude that such a machine would effectively be a “high-luminosity weak boson collider,” and subsequently offer a wide range of opportunities to precisely measure EW and Higgs couplings as well as discover new particles.
Bedeutung von CI-Nutzungsverhalten und CI-Anpassung für sprachproduktive Leistungen sehr früh cochleaimplantierter Kinder
Authors: Glaubitz C. , Liebscher T. , Hoppe U. 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Alter bei Versorgung mit einem Cochleaimplantat (CI) nimmt bei Kindern wesentlich Einfluss auf deren Lautsprachentwicklung. Als weitere potenzielle Einflussfaktoren sollten das CI-Nutzungsverhalten und die Häufigkeit der CI-Anpassungen evaluiert sowie die frühkindlichen sprachproduktiven Leistungen sehr früh CI-versorgter Kinder dargestellt werden.

Methodik
Die retrospektive Studie untersuchte 34 bilateral cochleaimplantierte Kinder mit einem CI-Versorgungsalter von M = 8,8 (SD = 1,7) Monaten. Im dritten Lebensjahr wurden die sprachproduktiven Leistungen, die Häufigkeit der CI-Anpassungen und das CI-Nutzungsverhalten anhand des systemintegrierten Dataloggings ausgewertet und in Bezug gesetzt.

Ergebnisse
Etwa die Hälfte der Kinder erzielte lebensaltersgemäße sprachproduktive Leistungen. Die CI-Nutzungsdauer lag bei rund 8 h täglich. Zeitlich am längsten befanden sich die Kinder in ruhiger Umgebung, am kürzesten in Situationen mit Sprache im Störschall. Die tägliche CI-Nutzungsdauer erwies sich als signifikanter Prädiktor für die sprachproduktiven Leistungen; die Sprachexposition erwies sich als wesentlicher Prädiktor speziell für die Wortproduktion. Die Anzahl der täglichen Kontaktabbrüche der CI-Sendespule zum Implantat sowie die Anzahl der CI-Anpassungen pro Monat waren nicht mit den sprachproduktiven Leistungen korreliert.

Schlussfolgerung
Sehr früh bilateral cochleaimplantierte Kinder können bereits im dritten Lebensjahr einen altersgemäßen Stand in der Sprachproduktion erreichen. Im Vergleich mit anderen Studien ist die tägliche CI-Nutzungsdauer als altersadäquat zu beurteilen. CI-Nutzungsdauer sowie die Dauer der täglichen Sprachexposition scheinen bedeutsamen Einfluss auf frühe Sprachkompetenzen zu nehmen. Diese Erkenntnisse sollten insbesondere in die prä- und postoperative Elternberatung einfließen.
Adenomyosis: diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Krentel Harald , De Wilde Rudy Leon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdenomyosis is a frequent additional condition in patients with endometriosis and should be included in diagnostic and treatment concepts.ObjectiveDescription of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in patients with adenomyosis in relation to patient age, family planning status, peritoneal and/or deep endometriosis and symptoms.MethodsThe current literature on adenomyosis including case reports was analyzed. Due to the lack of evidenced-based approaches the most probable trends in diagnostics and treatment are discussed.ResultsAdenomyosis plays an important role in fertile patients with dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia and pelvic pain, with or without additional peritoneal or deep endometriosis. It has a negative impact on fertility and can cause a variety of symptoms. The disease can be diagnosed by a skilled examiner and treatment concepts exist.ConclusionAdenomyosis can be diagnosed by a combination of clinical history, gynecological examination, transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Various medical and surgical treatment approaches are available to reduce symptoms and to increase fertility. The course of action depends on the family planning status of the patient.
Perioperative Optimization of Senior Health (POSH): A Descriptive Analysis of Cancelled Surgery
Authors: Zietlow Kahli E. , Wong Serena , McDonald Shelley R. , Colón‐Emeric Cathleen , Cassas Christy , Lagoo‐Deenadayalan Sandhya , Heflin Mitchell T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundGeriatric collaborative care models improve postoperative outcomes for older adults. However, there are limited data exploring how preoperative geriatric assessment may affect surgical cancellations.MethodsThis is a single‐center retrospective cohort analysis. Patients enrolled in the Perioperative Optimization of Senior Health (POSH) program from 2011 to 2016 were included. POSH is a collaborative care model between geriatrics, surgery, and anesthesiology. Baseline demographic and medical data were collected during the POSH pre‐op appointment. Patients who attended a POSH pre‐op visit but did not have surgery were identified, and a chart review was performed to identify reasons for surgical cancellation. Baseline characteristics of patients who did and did not undergo surgery were compared.ResultsOf 449 eligible POSH referrals within the study period, 33 (7.3%) did not proceed to surgery; cancellation rates within the POSH program were lower than institutional cancellation rates for adults over age 65 who did not participate in POSH. Patients who did not have surgery were significantly older, more likely to have functional limitations, and had higher rates of several comorbidities compared with those who proceeded to surgery (P < 0.05). Reasons for surgical cancellations included a similar number of patient‐ and provider‐driven causes.ConclusionsMany reasons for surgical cancellation were related to potentially modifiable factors, such as changes in goals of care or concerns about rehabilitation, emphasizing the importance of shared decision‐making in elective surgery for older adults. These results highlight the important role geriatric collaborative care can offer to older adults with complex needs.
Validation of a Web-Based Planning Tool for Percutaneous Cryoablation of Renal Tumors
Authors: van Oostenbrugge Tim J. , Heidkamp Jan , Moche Michael , Weir Phil , Mariappan Panchatcharam , Flanigan Ronan , Pollari Mika , Payne Stephen , Kolesnik Marina , Jenniskens Sjoerd F. M. , Fütterer Jurgen J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To validate a simulation environment for virtual planning of percutaneous cryoablation of renal tumors.

Materials and Methods
Prospectively collected data from 19 MR-guided procedures were used for validation of the simulation model. Volumetric overlap of the simulated ablation zone volume (Σ) and the segmented ablation zone volume (S; assessed on 1-month follow-up scan) was quantified. Validation metrics were DICE Similarity Coefficient (DSC; the ratio between twice the overlapping volume of both ablation zones divided by the sum of both ablation zone volumes), target overlap (the ratio between the overlapping volume of both ablation zones to the volume of S; low ratio means S is underestimated), and positive predictive value (the ratio between the overlapping volume of both ablation zones to the volume of Σ; low ratio means S is overestimated). Values were between 0 (no alignment) and 1 (perfect alignment), a value > 0.7 is considered good.

Results
Mean volumes of S and Σ were 14.8 cm3 (± 9.9) and 26.7 cm3 (± 15.0), respectively. Mean DSC value was 0.63 (± 0.2), and ≥ 0.7 in 9 cases (47%). Mean target overlap and positive predictive value were 0.88 (± 0.11) and 0.53 (± 0.24), respectively. In 17 cases (89%), target overlap was ≥ 0.7; positive predictive value was ≥ 0.7 in 4 cases (21%) and < 0.6 in 13 cases (68%). This indicates S is overestimated in the majority of cases.

Conclusion
The validation results showed a tendency of the simulation model to overestimate the ablation effect. Model adjustments are necessary to make it suitable for clinical use.