bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O Fotojornalista no Ato Social de Produção de Notícias
Authors: Reis Luzo Vinicius Pedroso , Pereira Fábio Henrique 
Published: April 2020

Resumo: Este relato etnográfico descreve e analisa, a partir da perspectiva interacionista dos mundos sociais, a rotina de um dia de trabalho de um fotojornalista da Folha de S. Paulo. A partir de uma abordagem etnográfico-qualitativa e com suporte da sociologia visual e da sociologia do trabalho, observamos a atuação desse profissional nos espaços de poder político da cidade de Brasília-DF. O estudo relevou a especificidade e complexidade da arena de atuação do fotojornalista na sua relação com outros atores desse mundo social e a forma como ele participa da criação e adaptação de seu sistema de convenções. Finalmente, destacamos como uma das grandes contribuições deste trabalho a adoção de uma metodologia mista, que combina uma observação de campo com um trabalho de sociologia visual, como forma de analisarmos parte do que foi produzido pelo informante desta pesquisa. Palavras-chave: Fotojornalismo. Mundos sociais. Relato etnográfico. Sociologia visual. Convenções THE PHOTOJOURNALIST IN THE SOCIAL ACT OF NEWS PRODUCTIONAbstract: This ethnographic report describes and analyses, from a social worlds interactonist perspective, the daily work of a photojournalist from Folha de S. Paulo newspaper. By using an ethnographic-qualitative approach and with the support from a visual sociology approach, we observed how this professional acted on political power sites in Brazilian capital city, Brasilia - DF. This study reveals the specific and complex arena where this photojournalist acts and his relation within other social actors from this social world. It also discusses how this photojournalist creates and adapts its conventional system. Finally, we highlight as a major contribution of this work the use of a mixed methodology, which combines field observation and visual sociology work as a strategy to analyze what was produced by our research informant. Keywords: Photojournalism. Social worlds. Ethnographic report. Visual sociology. Conventions
Strategic Audit Inquiry: The Impact of Timing and the Promotion of Statutory Protections on Client Fraud Disclosures
Authors: Lauck John R. , Perreault Stephen J. , Rakestraw Joseph R. , Wainberg James S. 
Published: April 2020

SYNOPSIS
Auditing standards require external auditors to inquire of client-employees regarding their knowledge of actual or suspected fraud (PCAOB 2010b; AICPA 2016). However, the extant literature provides little guidance on practical methods that auditors can employ to increase the likelihood of fraud disclosure and improve audit quality. Drawing upon best practices in the whistleblowing literature and psychological theories on self-regulation, we experimentally test the efficacy of two practical strategies that auditors can employ during the fraud inquiry process: actively promoting statutory whistleblower protections and strategically timing their fraud inquiries. Our results indicate that auditors are more likely to elicit client-employee fraud disclosures by actively promoting statutory whistleblower protections and strategically timing the fraud inquiry to take place in the afternoon, when client-employee self-regulation is more likely to be depleted. These two audit inquiry strategies should be of considerable interest to audit practitioners, audit committees, and those concerned with improving audit quality.
Data Availability: From the authors by request.
The Effect of Audit Duality on Audit Quality
Authors: Chui Lawrence , Kim Oksana , Pike Byron J. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
The Russian regulatory environment offers a unique audit duality situation in which public companies receive two separate financial statement audits by the same audit firm: one based on Russian Accounting Standards (RAS) and the other on International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). We assess whether audit duality influences audit quality, measured by modifications to the standard audit report. Using a sample of public Russian companies from 2004 to 2016, we find that audit duality significantly reduces auditors' propensity to modify the audit opinions for both the RAS and IFRS audits as compared to companies that engage a different firm for each audit. This potential reduction in audit quality is mitigated when the company is in a loss position. The presence of Big N dual auditors does not diminish the observed findings and, in fact, appears to translate into lower-quality RAS-based audits of financially distressed companies.
JEL Classifications: M42; M48.
GROUP DYNAMICS AND LEADERSHIP: A COLLECTIVE PROCESS CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Nunes Danilo , Santos Neusa Maria Bastos Fernandes dos , Fukunaga Fernando 
Published: April 2020

The human being is the true source of a competitive advantage. If so understood, it is necessary to break with some paradigms that guide the traditional management models. The current posture requires aptitude and willingness for change, whether in the forms of vision, action or thought. The objective of this study was to score some of these variables that should be perceived by the leader who wants to do a good job and aims to improve their skills to work with and for the groups. The research was based on productions that address this issue and what possible changes we may have in organizational environments. Everything is moving so that we have a scenario different from what we find today in organizational contexts. There will be a change in the conception of work, and with this there will be a need to review organizational practices, including the dynamics of groups and the relationship with the leadership process. This discussion calls into question the very concept of a group, and of course it is not exhausted here and, judging by the changes and future scenarios, it would not be audacious or reckless to say that they will never be exhausted. It is a continuous and uninterrupted path of discussion.
DERADIKALISASI IDEOLOGI GERAKAN ISLAM
Authors: Mahfudz Muhsin 
Published: April 2020

Radical Islam movement had been a parth of Islamic history since the emergence of Khawarij movement in about 37 AH. or 657/658 AD. This article tries to identify the genealogy of Islamic radicalism from Khawarij movement to Bali bombing by Imam Samudera abd his friends. By using the historical analysis method, this article focuses on their ideology that encouraged them to be martyr (syahid). As a result, I discovered that the radical movement they did was based on both political and textual understanding backgrounds. To minimize the power of those backgrounds, the article tries to formulate two approaches which is called 'moderate interpretation' and 'multiculturalism'. The first aproach is set to encounter scriptural and textual understanding in justifying a holy text, while the second is set to give an alternative view from political frame to cultural frame. Those aproaches are considered more significant to solve any scepticism among people about the ligitimacy of religion on culture of violence. Keywords: Radical, Radikalisasi, Ideologi, Islam, Teks, Multikulturalisme
Seasonal Occurrence of Ibuprofen in Sediment, Water, and Biota in River Owena and Ogbese, and its Ecological Risk Assessment
Authors: Germaine A. Ogunwole , Joseph K. Saliu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The volume of pharmaceuticals discharged into the environment increases daily as a consequence of human life. In the present study, the seasonal variation of ibuprofen in sediment, biota, water, and their exposure risk were investigated in River Owena and Ogbese, Nigeria. The high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the samples after clean up and pre-concentration by solid-phase extraction. The mean concentration of IBU in the samples spanned a range of 1.75 - 2.75 μg/g in sediment, 0.01 – 15.00 μg/g in fish, and 0.00002 – 0.005 μg/ml in water. The measurement of IBU in the sediment and water was significantly elevated in the dry season than the wet season, whereas the opposite was the case in biota. There was a significant interaction between season, media, and rivers with respect to IBU occurrence in the sampled rivers. The calculated bio-water accumulation factor (BWAF) was as high as 750,000 μg/g in fish, proving IBU is extremely bio-accumulative. The ecotoxicological risk assessment for average and worst possible outcome showed that the risk quotient (RQ) for IBU present in the water was sufficient to cause toxicity to fish in both freshwater bodies. The potential bioavailability of IBU to aquatic fauna for prolonged periods spanning several months can result in its circling back into the food web afterward. The baseline info provided by this study in these freshwaters may provide valuable information for the implementation of safety limits for the management of IBU influx into the environment.
Do floods affect food security? A before-and-after comparative study of flood-affected households’ food security status in South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Akukwe Thecla Iheoma , Oluoko-Odingo Alice Atieno , Krhoda George Okoye 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A comparative study of pre- and post-flood households’ food security statuses in South-Eastern Nigeria was performed to answer the question “Do floods affect food security?” Data were generated via a survey of 400 households in eight communities using stratified and random sampling methods. Households’ food security statuses were assessed using the Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) and computed using a Rasch analysis, where households were divided into four categories, namely: food secure, food insecure without hunger, moderately food insecure with hunger and severely food insecure with hunger. The results show that flooding affects food security negatively by increasing the number of food insecure households to 92.8%, and the regression coefficient of −0.798 indicates a very strong negative effect of flooding on household food security. An odds ratio of 2.221 implies that households that have experienced flooding are 2.221 times more probable to be food insecure than households that have not. The implication of the findings is that flooding is capable of turning communities into food insecurity hotspots that would need long-term assistance to cope, and flooding is capable of hampering the achievement of Goal 2 of the SDGs.
Dataveillance in the Workplace: Managing the Impact of Innovation
Authors: McParland Cliona , Connolly Regina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: Monitoring and surveillance are a fundamental part of the workplace environment, with employee performance and productivity as the main objects of scrutiny. However, many questions surround the ethical nature of managements’ ability to employ advanced digital technologies to monitor employee behaviour and performance while in the workplace. If unaddressed, these concerns have the potential to significantly impact the relationship between the employee and the employer, impacting trust in management resulting in negative attitudes and counterproductive behaviours.

Objectives: The goal of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of workplace surveillance whilst outlining some of the emerging issues relating to the use of employee monitoring technologies in the workplace.

Methods/Approach: A detailed review of the literature was conducted in order to identify the major issues relating to workplace surveillance. In addition, a number of practitioner-based studies were examined to extract and identify emerging trends and concerns at an industry level.

Results: Workplace surveillance is on the rise; however, empirical studies are in short supply.

Conclusions: The issue of workplace surveillance is an under-researched area, which requires much attention. There is a distinct need for clear measures and structures that govern the effective and fair use of communication technologies in the workplace.
What are the Limiting Factors During an Ultra‐Marathon? A Systematic Review of the Scientific Literature
Authors: Garbisu-Hualde Arkaitz , Santos-Concejero Jordan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This review aimed to analyse factors that limited performance in ultra-marathons and mountain ultra-marathons. A literature search in one database (PubMed) was conducted in February 2019. Quality of information of the articles was evaluated using the Oxford´s level of evidence and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. The search strategy yielded 111 total citations from which 23 met the inclusion criteria. Twenty one of the 23 included studies had a level of evidence 2b (individual cohort study), while the 2 remaining studies had a level of evidence of 5 (expert opinion). Also, the mean score in the PEDro scale was 3.65 ± 1.61, with values ranging from 0 to 7. Participants were characterised as experienced or well-trained athletes in all of the studies. The total number of participants was 1002 (893 men, 86 women and 23 unknown). The findings of this review suggest that fatigue in ultra-endurance events is a multifactorial phenomenon that includes physiological, neuromuscular, biomechanical and cognitive factors. Improved exercise performance during ultra-endurance events seems to be related to higher VO2max values and maximal aerobic speed (especially during submaximal efforts sustained over a long time), lower oxygen cost of transport and greater running experience.
Application of Individualized Speed Zones to Quantify External Training Load in Professional Soccer
Authors: Rago Vincenzo , Brito João , Figueiredo Pedro , Krustrup Peter , Rebelo António 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the interchangeability of two external training load (ETL) monitoring methods: arbitrary vs. individualized speed zones. Thirteen male outfield players from a professional soccer team were monitored during training sessions using 10-Hz GPS units over an 8-week competitive period (n = 302 observations). Low-speed activities (LSA), moderate-speed running (MSR), high-speed running (HSR) and sprinting were defined using arbitrary speed zones as <14.4, 14.4–19.8, 19.8–25.1 and ≥25.2 km·h-1, and using individualized speed zones based on a combination of maximal aerobic speed (MAS, derived from the Yo-yo Intermittent recovery test level 1), maximal sprinting speed (MSS, derived from the maximal speed reached during training) and anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) as <80% MAS, 80–100% MAS, 100% MAS or 29% ASR and ≥30% ASR. Distance covered in both arbitrary and individualized methods was almost certainly correlated in all speed zones (p < 0.01; r = 0.67-0.78). However, significant differences between methods were observed in all speed zones (p < 0.01). LSA was almost certainly higher when using the arbitrary method than when using the individualized method (p < 0.01; ES = 5.47 [5.18; 5.76], respectively). Conversely, MSR, HSR and sprinting speed were higher in the individualized method than in the arbitrary method (p < 0.01; ES = 5.10 [4.82; 5.37], 0.86 [0.72; 1.00] and 1.22 [1.08; 1.37], respectively). Arbitrary and individualized methods for ETL quantification based on speed zones showed similar sensitivity in depicting player locomotor demands. However, since these methods significantly differ at absolute level (based on measurement bias), arbitrary and individualized speed zones should not be used interchangeably.
Analysis of Polymorphic Variants of the Dopamine Transporter (DAT1) Gene Polymorphism and Personality Traits Among Athletes
Authors: Michałowska-Sawczyn Monika , Lachowicz Milena , Grzywacz Anna , Suchanecka Aleksandra , Chmielowiec Jolanta , Chmielowiec Krzysztof , Chycki Jakub , Trybek Grzegorz , Żmijewski Piotr , Cięszczyk Paweł 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Personality traits, especially in sport are modulatory factors of athletes’ behavior – his/ her conscientiousness, the will to achieve an aim, perseverance and motivation of activity. Not only are biological predispositions related to anatomical or biochemical traits of success, but they are also largely determined by personality traits that result from genetic factors. In our research we joined tests of athlete’s personality in correlation with genotypes of the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene polymorphism. The selection of this polymorphism was based on previous reports connecting the influence of dopamine with motivation and numerous arguments supporting its correlation with human behavior. We observed significant differences among polymorphisms DAT 9/9, 9/10, 10/10 in terms of proportion of particular genotypes between athletes and the control group. We also found significant differences in the NEO FFI sten scale for conscientiousness. We noticed that anxiety was related with genotypic variants of DAT1, specifically the 9/10 VNTR variant, which conditioned lower levels of anxiety in the group of tested athletes. By contrast, the lower sten value of agreeability was statistically significant for the group of athletes that were carriers of the 10/10 VNTR genotype. Heterozygous 9/10 VNTR among athletes showed lower levels of anxiety in comparison with the control group, whereas agreeability determined using the NEO FFI scale represented a lower value among athletes that had the 10/10 polymorphism. We may thus conclude that the presence of polymorphic variants of the dopamine transporter gene corresponds to athletes’ personality traits.
Ageing Entrepreneurs and Business Transfer Challenges in Croatia
Authors: Juric Petra Mezulić , Alpeza Mirela , Peterka Sunčica Oberman 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Business transfer as a research topic awakened the interest of researchers in the past few decades. Business transfer is defined as a change of ownership of any firm to another person or legal entity assuring the continuous existence and commercial activity of the enterprise, and it encompasses different kinds of transfers both to family and non-family members. Ageing and consequently retirement are often mentioned as the reasons for entrepreneurs’ exits from the companies and intention to initiate the business transfer process. A successful business transfer process is one of the key prerequisites for long-term sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises. There is a significant number of ageing business owners in Croatia who will exit their companies in the coming years. Considering the number of these entrepreneurs and the influence their exits can have on company stakeholders and national economy in general, it is of great importance to better understand the factors that can influence the choice of their exit strategies. The aim of the paper is to provide an understanding of the dilemmas that the ageing entrepreneurs face when considering different exit modes. The data for the study was collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted with six ageing business owners. The analysis of the interviews enabled the identification of the challenges that ageing entrepreneurs face in the business transfer process: emotional attachment to the firm, strong preference for family succession and concerns about financial security after retirement. Some of these challenges are a result of the undeveloped business transfer ecosystem, strong tradition and cultural values that imply family succession as the only acceptable exit strategy for retiring company owners in Croatia.
Trade War between the USA and China: Impact on an Austrian Company in the Steel Sector
Authors: Scheipl Thomas , Bobek Vito , Horvat Tatjana 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The paper is intended to provide information on the trade war between China and the USA. It analyses the consequences of the trade dispute, discusses the impact on an Austrian company in the steel sector, gives an overview of possible strategies with which companies can reduce the negative effects of tariffs and discusses strategies that are good options for companies in the steel industry. The methodology applied included theoretical and empirical research based on quantitative analysis as well as quantitative research in the form of expert interviews. The results show that the trade war between China and the USA was in full swing until January 2020. The impacts do not only affect the parties involved, but also other parties such as the EU. Companies can use a variety of strategies to mitigate the negative effects of trade wars. The best strategy for a company depends on the structure of the company, its products and its competitors. The paper adds new insights to the existing literature on the trade war between China and the US and its effects, strategies to mitigate the negative effects of tariffs and discussions on optimal strategies for companies in the steel industry.
Traditional Procurement versus Public-Pivate Partnership: A Comparison and Synergies with Focus on Cross-border Contracts
Authors: Štěrbová Ludmila , Halík Jaroslav , Neumannová Pavla 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Government purchases represent an important part of the world economy. Selling to the public sector is a key business activity for certain industries or service providers. The public procurement segment’s attractiveness is also underlined by the security of payment and large extent of supplies. With globalisation as a worldwide phenomenon, businesses do not have to rely only on domestic institutions; they can enter international B2G markets as well. However, the ability of private companies to do business with foreign governments is limited by various national legislations as governments settle the procurement regulation with respect to their national interests. In the following overview article, the authors analyse the two main and typical procurement types – traditional procurement and public-private partnership – with regard to recent development trends, international regulatory framework, opportunities and barriers to entry for European businesses. The main goal of the paper is to define, based on this analysis, the main differences and possible synergies of the traditional procurement and public-private partnership while focusing on cross-border contracts. This paper can be regarded as useful for business, academia as well as the public sector.
Penanaman Sikap Amanah Peserta Didik di Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs.) Swasta Syahbuddin Mustafa Nauli Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara
Authors: Rangkuti Ahmad Nizar , Siregar Fawziyah Tansyah 
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan penanaman sikap amanah dalam proses pembelajaran, evaluasi, dan pelaksanaan salat berjamaah oleh Peserta Didik di MTs. Swasta Syahbuddin Mustafa Nauli. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dan pengujian keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanaman sikap amanah terhadap peserta didik yang dilakukan di MTs. Swasta Syahbuddin Mustafa Nauli dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah, guru pendidikan agama Islam dan pegawai. Sikap amanah yang ditanamkan pada peserta didik berkaitan dengan amanah kepada Allah SWT, amanah kepada orang lain dan amanah terhadap diri sendiri dengan memberikan keteladanan dan nasehat kepada peserta didik.
PELATIHAN, PENGAWASAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN, PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASIONAL
Authors: Yakup Yakup 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of training, supervision and empowerment against organizational commitment of National Education Service Official of Bone Bolango Regency. The data used in this study is the primary data sourced from the filling questionnaire. The population of this research is 62 employees using census method. The analytical technique used to answer the research problem and test the hypothesis is multiple regression analysis with the help of Statistical Product Service Solution (SPSS) software used to analyze the data. The findings of this research there are positive and significant impacts of training, supervision and empowerment toward Organizational Commitment of National Education Service Official of Bone Bolango Regency.Keywords: training; supervision; empowerment; organizational commitment