bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Elektrolit Plasma dan Tekanan Darah antara Preload Ringer Asetat Malat Dibandingkan dengan Ringer Laktat
Authors: Yudhowibowo Ifar Irianto , Sutiyono Doso , Nurcahyo Widya Istanto 
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang : Pemberian preload untuk mencegah hipotensi pada anestesi spinal dapat mempengaruhi keseimbangan cairan tubuh.Tujuan : Untuk melihat perbedaan elektrolit plasma dan tekanan darah antara preload RAM dibandingkan dengan RL.Metode : Penelitian eksperimental uji klinis tahap II secara acak tersamar ganda. Pemilihan sampel secara Consecutive Random Sampling didapat jumlah sampel 38 orang. Kelompok I (n=19) mendapat preload 20 cc/kgBB RAM dan kelompok II (n=19) mendapat preload 20 cc/kgbb RL. Sebelum preload, diambil sampel darah untuk pemeriksaan konsentrasi elektrolit plasma. Setelah preload dan 30 menit setelah itu dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah untuk pemeriksaan konsentrasi elektrolit plasma. Pengukuran tekanan darah dilakukan sebelum anestesi spinal dan segera setelah anestesi spinal tiap 5 menit sampai 30 menit. Uji statistik dengan uji paired t-test.Hasil : Selisih Na sebelum preload dan Na setelah preload dengan Na 30 menit setelah preload antara kelompok yang mendapat preload RAM dan RL berbeda bermakna. Sedangkan selisih Na setelah preload dengan Na 30 menit setelah preload berbeda tidak bermakna. Selisih K sebelum preload, K setelah preload dan 30 menit setelah preload dan K 30 menit setelah preload berbeda tidak bermakna. Selisih Cl sebelum dan Cl 30 menit setelah preload berbeda bermakna. Selisih Cl sebelum dan Cl setelah preload dan konsentrasi Cl setelah 30 menit preload berbeda tidak bermakna. Terdapat perbedaan tekanan sistolik yang bermakna antara kelompok preload RAM dan RL terjadi antara menit ke-25 sampai menit ke-30 setelah spinal. Sedangkan untuk variabel tekanan darah diastolik terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok preload RAM dan RL terjadi antara menit ke-15 sampai menit ke-20 setelah spinal.Simpulan : RAM meningkatkan konsentrasi Na dan Cl lebih tinggi dibanding RL pada pasien dengan spinal anestesi segera setelah dilakukan loading, tetapi perbedaan konsentrasi elektrolit lebih jauh tidak ditemukan. Tidak ada perubahan tekanan darah yang bermakna diantara kedua kelompok.
Od tożsamości do utożsamienia. Inspiracja psychoanalityczna
Authors: Świrek Krzysztof 
Published: May 2020

Modern subject is interested in studying his or her identity, however this act of examination nullifies its object: showing it as problematical or even non-existent, impossible to maintain as coherent entity. As time passes, the problem radicalizes itself, as it is shown in the works of theoreticians of ‘late modernity’: identity is often treated as a project, non-conclusive process of seeking the optimal states of well-being. As the various ‘identity crises’ go on, it is stated in various ways, that even subjectivity itself is waning. Maybe focusing on individual, as someone who has particular identity is not the best way of entangling this knot of problems. Interesting inspirations come from psychoanalysis. Firstly, psychoanalytical theory shows us, that individual with particular traits is not the same, as subject, and that subject is always-already ‘deconstructed’, divided. Secondly, problems with identity may be elucidated, when we turn to psychoanalytical theories of identification. In fact, what we often call ‘identities’ is better to be understood as partial and even theatrical identification with some content. The article shows how certain concepts of Freud and Lacan can be used to clarify complex or even obscure problems that haunt the notion of ‘identity’ as a source of meaning, used by social sciences.
Krzysztof Świrek, Od tożsamości do utożsamienia. Inspiracja psychoanalityczna [From Identity to Identification. Psychoanalytical Inspiration] edited by E. Smolarkiewicz, J. Kubera, „Człowiek i Społeczeństwo” vol. XLIV: Tożsamość i identyfikacje. Propozycje teoretyczne – doświadczenia badawcze [Identity and identifications. Theoretical proposals – research experiences], Poznań 2017, pp. 33-48, Adam Mickiewicz University. Faculty of Social Sciences Press. ISSN 0239-3271.
A biszfoszfonátkezelés állcsontnekrózist előidéző kockázatának megítélése CBCT-felvételek alapján
Authors: Koppány Ferenc , Joób-Fancsaly Árpád , Németh Zsolt , Belik Andrea Alexandra , Vaszilkó Mihály , Varmuzsa Edvárd Márton , Csomó Krisztián Benedek 
Published: May 2020

Absztrakt:
Bevezetés: A biszfoszfonátok által okozott
állcsontnekrózis (BRONJ) az életminőséget jelentősen befolyásoló megbetegedés,
mely mind általános, mind sebészeti vonatkozásaiban indokolja a korai diagnózis
felállítását, illetve a kialakulás kockázatának felmérését.
Célkitűzés: A BRONJ prognózisának becslése
nem megoldott, számos radiológiai lehetőség közül a legkedvezőbbnek a
fogászatban használatos képalkotó eljárások tűnnek, melyek közül a
legígéretesebb lehet a ’cone-beam computed tomography’ (CBCT). Az oralisan
alkalmazott biszfoszfonátterápia következtében kialakuló BRONJ kockázatbecslését
nem hangsúlyozzák a vizsgálatok, a nagyobb kockázatot jelentő intravénás
alkalmazásra fókuszálnak. Módszer: Méréseinket –
az eddig publikált vizsgálatokkal ellentétben – preoperatív CBCT-felvételeken
végeztük, ezáltal a kockázatbecslés lehetőségét közvetlenül vizsgáltuk.
Vizsgálatainkat CBCT-felvételek értékelésével végeztük; reprezentatív
területként a foramen mentale középvonalában elhelyezkedő frontális metszeteket
választottuk ki, és több ponton mértünk denzitást, a corticalis csontállomány
vastagságát, valamint a foramen mentale átmérőjét is megmértük. Az első
vizsgálati csoportban olyan osteoporosisos betegeket vizsgáltunk, akiknél oralis
biszfoszfonátterápiát követően alakult ki BRONJ. A második csoportban olyan
betegeket néztünk, akik osteoporosis miatt oralis biszfoszfonátterápiában
részesültek, és a szájsebészeti beavatkozást követően nem alakult ki BRONJ. A
kontrollcsoportban olyan betegek voltak, akik nem kaptak a BRONJ etiológiájában
szereplő gyógyszert. Eredmények: Eredményeink
alapján elmondható, hogy a preoperatív CBCT-felvételeket értékelve nem
tapasztalható jelentős különbség a BRONJ-elváltozástól szenvedők és az
egészségesek csontdenzitási értékei között.
Következtetés: Ezek alapján kijelenthető, hogy
a sugárterheléssel járó CBCT-felvétel az osteoporosis miatt oralis
biszfoszfonátot szedők esetében a BRONJ prognosztikai becslésére nem
alkalmazható. Mindez fontos ahhoz, hogy a prognózisbecsléshez a pácienst érő
sugárdózist ne emeljük szükségtelenül az ALARA (as low as reasonably
achievable)-elv értelmében. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(21): 867–872.
A COVID–19-betegek, tünetmentes hordozók, illetve a betegségen már átesettek periodikus monitorizálási lehetősége IgM/IgG antitest alapú gyorstesztekkel az egészségügyi személyzet körében a SARS-CoV-2-járvány idején
Authors: Ragó Zsuzsanna , Szijjártó László , Duda Ernő , Bella Zsolt 
Published: May 2020

Absztrakt:
Magyarország 2020. március 4-én jelentette az első COVID–19-fertőzésben szenvedő
beteget. Az új koronavírusnak (SARS-CoV-2) az egészségügyben dolgozók vannak
kitéve a legnagyobb mértékben, akik a jelenleg igazolt fertőzöttek 12%-át teszik
ki. Az esetek 80%-a enyhe, középsúlyos tünetekkel vagy akár tünetmentesen
zajlik. A vírus örökítőanyaga (egyszálú RNS) 30–40 napig mutatható ki RT-PCR
technikával a légutakból, a vizeletből, a vérből vett mintákból és – főleg
gyermekek esetében – a székletből. A szisztematikus tesztelés hiányában nincs
adatunk, hogy a magyarországi járvány kezdete óta vajon hány egészségügyi
dolgozó eshetett át a fertőzésen, akik maguk is kritikus fertőzőforrások
lehetnek mind az általuk ellátott betegek, mind családtagjaik számára. Fontos
lenne tudni keresztmetszeti és longitudinális vizsgálattal is, hogy milyen
közöttük a betegséget már átvészeltek, azaz a védettek, az akut fázisban lévők,
azaz a fertőzők, és a vírusnaivok, azaz a veszélyeztettek aránya. A
rendelkezésre álló laboratóriumi diagnosztikai módszerek közül az RT-PCR mellett
az újonnan elérhető, antitestalapú gyorstesztek jöhetnének szóba a kérdés
megválaszolására, amelyek gyorsak, könnyen kivitelezhetők, olcsók, és alkalmasak
lehetnek az egészségügyi dolgozók periodikus monitorizálására a SARS-CoV-2 által
okozott, még ismeretlen időtartamú járvány alatt. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(21):
854–860.
Про існування деформацій овалоїдів
Authors: Подоусова Тетяна , Вашпанова Ніна 
Published: May 2020

У даній роботі у тривимірному евклідовому просторі E3 розглядаються загальні нескінченно малі (н.м.) деформації вищих порядків однозв'язних поверхонь, які мають важливе значення при вивченні їх неперервних деформацій. Завдання знаходження векторів зсуву цих деформацій зводиться до дослідження і розв'язку системи n рівнянь (або основних рівнянь) загальних н. м. деформацій скінченого порядку n, які отримані відносно довільно обраної на поверхні системи координат. Показано, що для замкнутих поверхонь додатньої гаусової кривини математичною моделлю цього завдання в сполучено-ізотермічній системі координат буде система n неоднорідних рівнянь комплексного виду, яка у випадку овалоїда приводиться до системи n інтегральних рівнянь. Використовуючи тензорні методи, апарат теорії узагальнених аналітичних функцій і методи функціонального аналізу, доведено, що регулярний овалоїд в E3 «в цілому» допускає загальну н.м. деформацію скінченого порядку n, яка однозначно визначається заздалегідь заданими 3n функціями. Знайдений їх геометричний зміст: завдання їх рівносильно завданням значень варіацій орта нормалі і елемента площі до порядку n включно. Векторні поля деформації при цьому визначаються з точністю до постійних векторів. Встановлено, що овалоїд буде жорстким щодо загальних н.м. деформацій скінченого порядку n тоді і тільки тоді, коли всі значення варіацій орта нормалі і елемента площі до порядку n включно тотожно рівні нулю. В якості прикладу поверхні, яка підтверджує отриманий результат, розглянута сфера радіуса R. Вектори зміщень при цьому знайдені в явному вигляді.
TRABALHO E SAÚDE EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA PELA COVID-19: CUIDADO DE SI E DIREITO À AUTOPROTEÇÃO DAS MULHERES
Authors: Santos Gabriela de Brito Martins , Lima Rita de Cássia Duarte , Barbosa Jeanine Pacheco Moreira , Silva Mayara Ciciliotti da , Andrade Maria Angélica Carvalho 
Published: May 2020

A pandemia pela COVID-19 não é apenas um problema de saúde, ela é considerada um choque profundo para nossas sociedades e economias, colocando em evidência uma crise de prestação de cuidados, onde os profissionais de saúde, em especial as mulheres, estão no centro dos esforços de atendimento e respostas. O presente artigo analisou e problematizou as políticas de cuidado trazendo para a cena o direito à autoproteção das mulheres, profissionais de saúde, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. À luz do conceito de cuidado de si e biopolítica, em Foucault, afirma-se a produção do cuidado como criador de valor, respeito pela vida de todas e todos. A crise do cuidado incita um olhar do corpo feminino mergulhado em um campo político, fazendo-se necessário desmistificar a glamourização do cuidado como “coisa” de mulher, um sacerdócio que inclui sacrifícios e renúncias, de anjos de branco, sempre dispostas a se sacrificar pelo outro e cujo trabalho não tem valor e reconhecimento. Diante disso, este artigo parte da aposta coletiva de outra estética de existência, que afirma e opera políticas públicas que visem incondicionalmente a garantia do direito à vida e proteção.
Impact of Delayed Neoadjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy on Overall Survival Among Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: de Melo Gagliato Debora , Lei Xiudong , Giordano Sharon H. , Valero Vicente , Barcenas Carlos H. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Chavez-MacGregor Mariana 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Delays in the initiation of therapy among patients with early stage breast cancer (BC) can negatively affect outcomes. Patients treated with neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (NSC) usually display tumors with high-risk features. Considering these high-risk characteristics and the evidence supporting adverse outcomes associated with delays in adjuvant chemotherapy initiation, we sought to determine whether a delay in NSC initiation is associated with overall survival (OS).

Methods
We identified patients diagnosed between January 1995 and December 2015 with invasive primary BC (stage I–III) who received NSC at MD Anderson Cancer Center. Patients were categorized according to their time from BC diagnosis to NSC (in days) into three subgroups: 0-30, 31–60, and ≥61 days. Primary endpoint was OS. Descriptive statistics and Cox's proportional hazard models were used.

Results
A total of 5,137 patients were included. Median follow-up was 6.5 years. The 5-year OS estimates according to time to NSC were 87%, 85%, and 83% in patients who received NSC within 0–30, 31–60, and ≥61 days after diagnosis, respectively (p = .006). In multivariable analysis, compared with time to NSC of 0–30 days, delayed NSC ≥61 days was associated with an increased risk of death (31–60 days: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.05 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–1.19]; ≥61 days, HR = 1.28 [95% CI 1.06–1.54]). In stratified analyses, the association between delay in NSC initiation and increased risk of death was statistically significant for patients with stage I and II BC (31–60 days: HR = 1.22 [95% CI 1.02–1.47]; ≥61 days, HR = 1.41 [95% CI 1.07–1.86]) and among patients with HER2-positive tumors ( ≥61 days, HR = 1.86 [95% CI 1.21–2.86]).

Conclusion
A delay in NSC initiation of more than 61 days after BC diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of death. Early initiation of NSC should be a priority; multidisciplinary teams must focus on coordination of care and patient-centered, timely treatment planning and delivery.

Implications for Practice
The results of this study showed that a delay in neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy initiation of more than 61 days after breast cancer diagnosis is associated with an increased risk of death; therefore, efforts must focus on early initiation of therapy, which should be a priority. Multidisciplinary teams must enhance coordination of care and patient-centered, timely treatment planning and delivery.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Safety and Activity of Lutetium-177-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Radionuclide Treatment in Older Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Leibowitz Raya , Davidson Tima , Gadot Moran , Aharon Margalit , Malki Avraham , Levartovsky Meital , Oedegaard Cecilie , Saad Akram , Sandler Israel , Ben-Haim Simona , Domachevsky Liran , Berger Raanan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Prostate cancer is a common malignancy of the elderly, and with the aging of the population, the need is growing for therapies suitable for this age group. Lutetium-177–prostate-specific membrane antigen (Lu-PSMA), a radiolabeled small molecule, binds with high affinity to prostate-specific membrane antigen, enabling beta particle therapy targeted to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In a recent single-arm phase II trial and a subsequent expansion cohort, a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline of ≥50% was observed in approximately 60% of patients receiving Lu-PSMA. Taking into account the specific challenges and potential toxicities of Lu-PSMA administration in elderly men, we sought to retrospectively analyze the safety and activity of Lu-PSMA in men aged older than 75 years with mCRPC.

Patients and Methods
The electronic medical records of 24 patients aged older than 75 years treated with Lu-PSMA “off-trial” were reviewed, and clinical data were extracted. Clinical endpoints were toxicity and activity, defined as a PSA decline ≥50%. Descriptive statistics were performed using Excel.

Results
The median age at treatment start was 81.7 years (range 75.1–91.9). The median number of previous treatment lines was four. The number of treatment cycles ranged from one to four; the mean administered radioactivity was 6 GBq per cycle. Treatment was generally tolerable; side effects included fatigue (n = 8, 33%), anemia (n = 7, 29%), thrombocytopenia (n = 5, 21%), and anorexia/nausea (n = 3, 13%). Clinical benefit was observed in 12 of 22 patients (54%); PSA decline above 50% was observed in 11 patients (48%) and was associated with significantly longer overall survival.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that Lu-PSMA is safe and active in elderly patients with mCRPC.

Implications for Practice
Lutetium-177–prostate-specific membrane antigen (Lu-PSMA), a radiolabeled small molecule, binds with high affinity to prostate-specific membrane antigen, enabling beta particle therapy targeted to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The recently published single-arm phase II trial with Lu-PSMA, describing its safety and activity, did not include patients aged older than 75 years. In this study, Lu-PSMA activity was retrospectively analyzed in patients aged older than 75 years and results indicate that treatment was tolerable and similarly active in this age group, with no new emerging safety signals. Despite the small cohort size, this analysis suggests that Lu-PSMA can serve as an advanced palliative treatment line in mCRPC in elderly patients.
"Amnesty through the Back Door" for Nazi Criminal Otto Bradfsch
Authors: Grakhotskiy A. P. 
Published: May 2020

In the 1960s, the process of criminal prosecution of Nazi criminals became more active in Germany. Former members of the einsatzkommand, SS members, SD, and police services who took part in the mass extermination of Jews in Eastern Europe were brought to justice. However, these trials resulted in unreasonably lenient sentences to Nazi criminals handed down by the courts. Often, the convicts managed to avoid imprisonment altogether.By the example of two trials against the commander of the einsatzkommando 8, Lodz Otto Bradfisch the head of the Gestapo Department and the chief burgomaster the paper aims to show what legal assessment the crimes of the Holocaust in Eastern Europe the German justice of the 1960s received and how the Nazi criminals managed to evade serving their sentences.The Munich and Hanover jury found the convinced nazi O. Bradfish, who was guilty of killing 37 thousand Jews (according to the most minimal calculations), to be only an "accomplice", "blindly implementing the criminal will of the Fuhrer". Such court decisions fully fit into the general conceptual approach of West German justice to assessing the crimes of the Holocaust. This approach made it possible to remove responsibility for the genocide of Jews not only from the Nazi criminals who appeared before the courts in the 1960s, but also from the entire German society. Placing full responsibility on Hitler and his inner circle, the German society refused to take seriously even the smallest penalties that the so-called "accomplices"received. Bradfish was sentenced to 13 years in prison. However, under the pretext of "poor health", without declaring an amnesty, on the basis of questionable medical reports and decisions of local justice bodies, the convicted person was released early. The narrative of O. Bradfisch showed that the sentences of the West German courts turned into a mockery of the memory of millions of victims of Nazi crimes.
Mild Displacements of Boulders during the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquakes
Authors: Sleep Norman H. , Hough Susan E. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTStrong seismic waves from the July 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquakes displaced rocks in proximity to the M 7.1 mainshock fault trace at several locations. In this report, we document large boulders that were displaced at the Wagon Wheel Staging Area (WWSA), approximately 4.5 km southeast of the southern terminus of the large M 6.4 foreshock rupture (hereafter “the large foreshock”) and 9 km southwest of the nearest approach of the M 7.1 mainshock surface rupture. Some boulders appear to have slid along essentially flat surfaces, which suggest that dynamic stresses overcame the coefficient of friction. Other boulders appear to have rocked within their sockets. In both cases, we use simple mechanical models to estimate total peak dynamic accelerations between 0.5 and 1g, commensurate with modified Mercalli intensity 9. It is unclear if the strongest shaking at this location occurred during the large foreshock or the M 7.1 mainshock. The inferred accelerations are higher than predicted mainshock ground motions at WWSA, although local high accelerations could have been generated by path, site, or source effects. Gaps between boulders and their sockets are easily visible in the immediate aftermath of earthquakes and provide a quick indication of strong shaking. More importantly, the gaps quickly fill with surficial organic debris, including seeds and leaves of the year, that quickly become entombed. Boulders may thus potentially be extracted to examine gap fillings associated with past earthquakes, providing a new datable paleoseismic method.
Gdzie kończy się filozofia? Metafora w literaturze i filozofii
Authors: Gałkowski Stanisław Karol 
Published: May 2020

<p>Tekst jest odpowiedzią na polemikę Marcina Kochanowskiego (<em>O związkach literatury i filozofii na przykładzie postaci Iwana Karamazowa</em> z moim tekstem (<em>Granica filozofii. Metafora w filozofii na przykładzie języka Józefa Tischnera,) </em>poświęconym roli metafory w formułowaniu tez filozoficznych oraz w określaniu różnicy między filozofią i literaturą.</p>
Spaces of Meanings and Translators’ Identities
Authors: Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara 
Published: May 2020

<p>The focus of the paper is the analysis of translators’ identities as expressed in Polish-to-English and English-to-Polish translations understood in terms of informed choices from spaces of meanings. The first part of the paper deals with the relation of approximate correspondences between thought and reality on the one hand, and between thought, image, linguistic system and cultural emotional type on the other. The concept of semantic approximation in communication, introduced in Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk (2010, 2012) is shown to be conditioned by cognitive categorization problems of the language user, as well as a conscious choice of the syntactic structure and meanings in discourse. The conscious choices from meaning spaces are motivated by the translator’s subjective intentions, as well as constraints imposed by the Target Language systems (displaced equivalence patterns), limitation on the translator’s linguistic repertory and by Source Culture and Target Culture models and conventions. In the second part the study an interpretation is proposed of semantic and cultural SL and TL similarities, meaning displacement and reconceptualization in monolingual and intercultural communication and translation to account for the translator’s linguistic and cultural identity dynamics, with a varying emotional message. It is illustrated by examples of Polish-to-English and English-to-Polish translations.</p>
La traduction du fantastique et les degres de la peur
Authors: Balatchi Raluca Nicoleta 
Published: May 2020

<p>Our article is an analysis of the issue of translating emotions in literary texts on the basis of a corpus which consists of fragments from Maupassant’s fantastic tales translated into Romanian. By means of a comparison of the original with the translated published versions, where we apply methods specific to translation history and criticism, we follow and assess the implications of the translator’s different (subjective) strategies on the lexical and pragmatic level used in order to render the various degrees of fear in the target language.</p><p> </p>