bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male and female politicians on Twitter: A machine learning approach
Authors: BELTRAN JAVIER , GALLEGO AINA , HUIDOBRO ALBA , ROMERO ENRIQUE , PADRÓ LLUÍS 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHow does the language of male and female politicians differ when they communicate directly with the public on social media? Do citizens address them differently? We apply Lasso logistic regression models to identify the linguistic features that most differentiate the language used by or addressed to male and female Spanish politicians. Male politicians use more words related to politics, sports, ideology and infrastructure, while female politicians talk about gender and social affairs. The choice of emojis varies greatly across genders. In a novel analysis of tweets written by citizens, we find evidence of gender‐specific insults, and note that mentions of physical appearance and infantilising words are disproportionately found in text addressed to female politicians. The results suggest that politicians conform to gender stereotypes online and reveal ways in which citizens treat politicians differently depending on their gender.
Institutional common ownership and firm value: Evidence from real estate investment trusts
Authors: Ling David C. , Wang Chongyu , Zhou Tingyu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper contributes to the ongoing debate about whether and how institutional common ownership (ICO) affects firm behavior. Using a sample of equity real estate investment trusts (REITs), which provide significant advantages for isolating a monitoring channel, we find a robust and positive relation between ICO and REIT firm value. The positive relation between ICO and firm value is driven mainly by motivated investors and becomes stronger when we construct our ICO measures using blockholdings. Our difference‐in‐differences analysis, using mergers between institutional investors, suggests a causal relation exists between ICO and firm value. After investigating various channels through which ICO could affect firm behavior, we conclude that asset allocation decisions and performance are the most plausible explanations. Our finding that the monitoring associated with ICO aids managers in their portfolio disposition strategies further supports this conclusion. This enhanced monitoring leads to increased property portfolio returns, as well as more geographic diversification.
Understanding food processing and systems: Pilot testing a standards‐aligned middle school curriculum
Authors: Swart James William , Richards Jennifer , Zhao Weiyi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractConsumer confidence and trust, as it relates to the food system, is one of the most sensitive areas within consumers’ understanding of food. Surveys have shown that a large majority of people would like to learn more about agriculture and food manufacturing, with young people being among those most eager for more information about where their food comes from. Food‐focused educational resources often go unused due to teachers’ lack of familiarity with the subject area, the pressures of standardized testing, and lack of alignment to state content standards. Building on the success of the Hands On Classrooms platform that developed and validated curricula with high adoption rates by teachers and a demonstrated impact on student knowledge and self‐efficacy, a new curriculum on food system and food processing was developed and pilot tested. Two teachers from rural Virginia and Tennessee participated in the study. Both teachers received online professional development prior to implementation. Students were given pretests and posttests to measure (a) what impact does the curriculum have on students’ knowledge of food systems and processing and (b) to what extent does the curriculum have an impact on student's self‐reported skills related to these topics? A total of 87 students completed the assessments and showed significant improvements from pretest to posttest on both knowledge (p < .001) and skills (p < .001) related specifically to where food comes from and how it is processed, content that is typically not covered in middle school curriculum. Further research can be undertaken to measure the impact on others in different geographic and socioeconomic areas to provide additional data to validate the program.
embarcadero: Species distribution modelling with Bayesian additive regression trees in r
Authors: Carlson Colin J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

embarcadero is an r package of convenience tools for species distribution modelling (SDM) with Bayesian additive regression trees (BART), a powerful machine learning approach that has been rarely applied to ecological problems.

Like other classification and regression tree methods, BART estimates the probability of a binary outcome based on a set of decision trees. Unlike other methods, BART iteratively generates sets of trees based on a set of priors about tree structure and nodes, and builds a posterior distribution of estimated classification probabilities. So far, BARTs have yet to be applied to SDM.

embarcadero is a workflow wrapper for BART species distribution models, and includes functionality for easy spartial prediction, an automated variable selection procedure, several types of partial dependence visualization and other tools for ecological application. The embarcadero package is an open source and available on Github.

To show how embarcadero can be used by ecologists, I illustrate a BART workflow for a virtual species distribution model. The supplement includes a more advanced vignette showing how BART can be used for mapping disease transmission risk, using the example of Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever in Africa.
IL10 deficiency promotes alveolar enlargement and lymphoid dysmorphogenesis in the aged murine lung
Authors: Malinina Alla , Dikeman Dustin , Westbrook Reyhan , Moats Michelle , Gidner Sarah , Poonyagariyagorn Hataya , Walston Jeremy , Neptune Enid R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe connection between aging‐related immune dysfunction and the lung manifestations of aging is poorly understood. A detailed characterization of the aging IL10‐deficient murine lung, a model of accelerated aging and frailty, reconciles features of both immunosenescence and lung aging in a coherent model. Airspace enlargement developed in the middle‐aged (12 months old) and aged (20–22 months old) IL10‐deficient lung punctuated by an expansion of macrophages and alveolar cell apoptosis. Compared to wild‐type (WT) controls, the IL10‐deficient lungs from young (4‐month‐old) mice showed increased oxidative stress which was enhanced in both genotypes by aging. Active caspase 3 staining was increased in the alveolar epithelial cells of aged WT and mutant lungs but was greater in the IL10‐deficient milieu. Lung macrophages were increased in the aged IL10‐deficient lungs with exuberant expression of MMP12. IL10 treatment of naïve and M2‐polarized bone marrow‐derived WT macrophages reduced MMP12 expression. Conditioned media studies demonstrated the secretome of aged mutant macrophages harbors reduced AECII prosurvival factors, specifically keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), promotes cell death, and reduces survival of primary alveolar epithelial cells. Compared to WT controls, aged IL10‐deficient mice have increased parenchymal lymphoid collections comprised of a reduced number of apoptotic cells and B cells. We establish that IL10 is a key modulator of airspace homeostasis and lymphoid morphogenesis in the aging lung enabling macrophage‐mediated alveolar epithelial cell survival and B‐cell survival within tertiary lymphoid structures.
The involvement of stress granules in aging and aging‐associated diseases
Authors: Cao Xiuling , Jin Xuejiao , Liu Beidong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStress granules (SGs) are nonmembrane assemblies formed in cells in response to stress conditions. SGs mainly contain untranslated mRNA and a variety of proteins. RNAs and scaffold proteins with intrinsically disordered regions or RNA‐binding domains are essential for the assembly of SGs, and multivalent macromolecular interactions among these components are thought to be the driving forces for SG assembly. The SG assembly process includes regulation through post‐translational modification and involvement of the cytoskeletal system. During aging, many intracellular bioprocesses become disrupted by factors such as cellular environmental changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and decline in the protein quality control system. Such changes could lead to the formation of aberrant SGs, as well as alterations in their maintenance, disassembly, and clearance. These aberrant SGs might in turn promote aging and aging‐associated diseases. In this paper, we first review the latest progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying SG assembly and SG functioning under stress conditions. Then, we provide a detailed discussion of the relevance of SGs to aging and aging‐associated diseases.
The role of HINT1 protein in morphine addiction: An animal model‐based study
Authors: Liu Peng , Chu Zheng , Lei Gang , Deng Li‐sha , Yang Liu , Dang Yong‐hui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDrug addiction is a recurrent, chronic brain disease. The existing treatment methods have limitations, such as poor adherence and inability to completely avoid relapse. Histidine triad nucleotide‐binding protein 1 (HINT1) is involved in many neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, pain, and drug dependence. Studies have confirmed that there is a genetic link between HINT1 and addictions such as nicotine and cocaine. However, there is no research on the role of HINT1 protein in morphine addiction at home and abroad. Thus, we designed this project by constructing different types of morphine addiction animal models, including conditioned place preference and behavioral sensitization. We comprehensively examined the participation of HINT1 protein in key brain regions associated with addiction, including prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, corpus striatum, and hippocampus, in different stages of different models. In addition, we used HINT1 knockout mice to establish the above models and physical dependence model to investigate the effect of HINT1 protein deletion on morphine addiction‐related behaviors. We found that HINT1 has varying degrees of involvement in different stages of multiple addictive animal models. The absence of HINT1 can attenuate morphine‐mediated addictive behavior to a certain extent and can alleviate the withdrawal symptoms of morphine.
Policy Inventing and Borrowing among State Legislatures
Authors: Parinandi Srinivas C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough a long literature has analyzed how policies diffuse or spread across the American states, scant attention has been given to how states invent or create original policy instead of borrowing existing policy from one another. In this article, I use state legislative policymaking with respect to renewable portfolio standards to examine when legislatures invent original policy instead of borrowing existing policy. I use a novel data set that includes the state adoption of hundreds of policy provisions, including their combinations, and I employ logistic pooled event history analysis to identify the determinants of inventing and borrowing. I find that government ideology largely predicts inventing, whereas electoral vulnerability predicts borrowing. The results suggest that ideologues spearhead invention and further suggest that democratic accountability works chiefly through promoting borrowing rather than blunting inventing.
Vitamins combined with traditional Chinese medicine for male infertility: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Ming , Wang Qi , Du Yongqiang , Jiang Hui , Zhang Xiansheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundMale infertility is a tough problem in medicine. This article aims to provide the latest evidence for the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with vitamins in the treatment of male infertility.MethodAll randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used TCM combined with vitamins for male infertility treatment were included in databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP Database, China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. The quality of the included articles was evaluated using the Cochrane Reviewer's Handbook 5.3, and meta‐analysis was performed using Stata 15.ResultsA total of 14 eligible studies with 1488 patients were included in this meta‐analysis. The results suggested that, compared with vitamin E or vitamin E + C alone, combination of TCM with vitamins increased significantly sperm concentration, sperm motility, sperm viability, liquefaction time of semen, the activity of acrosome enzyme, and the pregnancy rate of patients with male infertility. Three kinds of TCM (Shengjing capsule, Huanshao capsule, and compound Xuanju capsule) showed significant improvement for male infertility in terms of pregnancy rate, sperm concentration, or sperm motility. In addition, the results of the publication bias test demonstrated that no significant bias occurred.ConclusionTraditional Chinese medicine combined with vitamins has significant efficacy in the treatment of male infertility with no increase in side effects. The specific implementing regulations still need more long‐term, multicenter, randomized, and double‐blind clinical trials.
The influence of concentrate‐rich diet on daily sleep and lying postures of Japanese black cows
Authors: Fukasawa Michiru , Komatsu Tokushi , Higashiyama Yumi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSleep is one of the essential behaviors in mammalian health and welfare. In this study, we focused on how concentrate‐rich diets (Conc) can influence the sleep of cattle. We hypothesized that Conc would suppress the daily sleep of cows because of behavioral frustration according to shorter eating and rumination. We subjected six Japanese black cows according to crossover experimental design. There were two diet treatments. In the Conc group, 70% of required TDN was supplied by concentrate and 30% by grass silage. On the other hand, in roughage fed group (Rough), all required TDN was supplied by grass silage. Maintenance behaviors, postures of cows, and sleep posture were measured by electronic devices. Cows fed with Conc spent less time in eating and rumination and spent more time in rest than Rough. However, contrary to our hypothesis, cows fed with Conc showed longer daily sleep posture duration (96.2 min/day vs. 69.1 min/day) and more frequent sleep posture bouts (15.4 times/day vs. 11.1 times/day) than Rough. We discussed about following possible explanations why cows fed with Conc slept longer as satisfaction, illness, displacement behavior, and shifting sleep posture.
Design and co‐configuration for hybrid learning: Theorising the practices of learning space design
Authors: Goodyear Peter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper draws on a series of studies of design teams working on the creation and evaluation of novel complex learning spaces: spaces in which students' activity is situated and supported by rich mixtures of material and digital tools and resources. In most of the cases observed, students also played a substantial role in co‐configuring the learning spaces and/or the learning tasks they were set and the ways they worked with other students. The complexity of the design challenges involved revealed the inadequacy of normative models for design for learning. In other words, the people creating new spaces for hybrid learning are often doing so in ways that go beyond the capacities of existing design models. The paper draws on analyses of real‐world design practice to advance and illustrate an argument for higher level, more abstract, descriptions of how such work is done, and how design lessons learnt might be more easily shared. In so doing, the paper contributes to the literature on educational technology and learning space design by drawing out some relations between the pragmatics of design practice and the role of students' co‐configurative activity in realising instances of hybrid learning. The empirical research informing the paper was mostly undertaken in university settings, but the practical implications are of wider relevance to people who are professionally involved in shaping novel learning spaces in other areas of education and training.
Clinical presentation and diagnosis of adult patients with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Mezger Nikolaus C. S. , Feuchtner Jana , Griesel Mirko , Hämmerl Lucia , Seraphin Tobias P. , Zietsman Annelle , Péko Jean‐Félix , Tadesse Fisihatsion , Buziba Nathan G. , Wabinga Henry , Nyanchama Mary , Borok Margaret Z. , Kéita Mamadou , N'da Guy , Lorenzoni Cesaltina F. , Akele‐Akpo Marie‐Thérèse , Gottschick Cornelia , Binder Mascha , Mezger Jörg , Jemal Ahmedin , Parkin Donald M. , Wickenhauser Claudia , Kantelhardt Eva J. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryNon‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the sixth most common cancer in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Comprehensive diagnostics of NHL are essential for effective treatment. Our objective was to assess the frequency of NHL subtypes, disease stage and further diagnostic aspects. Eleven population‐based cancer registries in 10 countries participated in our observational study. A random sample of 516 patients was included. Histological confirmation of NHL was available for 76.2% and cytological confirmation for another 17.3%. NHL subclassification was determined in 42.1%. Of these, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and Burkitt lymphoma were the most common subtypes identified (48.8%, 18.4% and 6.0%, respectively). We traced 293 patients, for whom recorded data were amended using clinical records. For these, information on stage, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) was available for 60.8%, 52.6% and 45.1%, respectively. Stage at diagnosis was advanced for 130 of 178 (73.0%) patients, HIV status was positive for 97 of 154 (63.0%) and ECOG PS was ≥2 for 81 of 132 (61.4%). Knowledge about NHL subclassification and baseline clinical characteristics is crucial for guideline‐recommended treatment. Hence, regionally adapted investments in pathological capacity, as well as standardised clinical diagnostics, will significantly improve the therapeutic precision for NHL in SSA.
Centrosomes: The good and the bad for brain development
Authors: Marthiens Véronique , Basto Renata 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCentrosomes nucleate and organise the microtubule cytoskeleton in animal cells. These membraneless organelles are key structures for tissue organisation, polarity and growth. Centrosome dysfunction, defined as deviation in centrosome numbers and/or structural integrity, has major impact on brain size and functionality, as compared with other tissues of the organism. In this review, we discuss the contribution of centrosomes to brain growth during development. We discuss in particular the impact of centrosome dysfunction in Drosophila and mammalian neural stem cell division and fitness, which ultimately underlie brain growth defects.
Value Profiles During Middle Childhood: Developmental Processes and Social Behavior
Authors: Daniel Ella , Benish‐Weisman Maya , Sneddon Joanne N. , Lee Julie A. 
Published: March 2020

Little is known about how children's value priorities develop over time. This study identifies children's value priority profiles and follows their development during middle childhood. Australian children (N = 609; ages 5–12 at Time 1) reported their values over 2 years. Latent Transition Analysis indicated four profiles: Social‐Focus, Self‐Focus, Growth‐Focus and Undifferentiated. Within person development was characterized by profile stability or transfer to the Social‐Focus profile. Younger children were more likely to have an Undifferentiated profile (or Self‐Focus among boys) than older ones. Girls were more likely to have a Social‐Focus profile or transfer to it, and less likely to have a Self‐ or Growth‐Focus profile than boys. Social‐Focus profile membership over time predicted more prosocial and less aggressive behavior.
Predictors of parenting stress in portuguese adolescents' adoptive parents
Authors: Costa Isabel‐Sofia , Barbosa‐Ducharne Maria , Palacios Jesús , Soares Joana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractParenting stress is related to the characteristics of both the child and the parents, as well as to parent–child interactions. In adoptive families, parenting stress has been identified as an indicator of the family's adjustment to adoption. The stress experienced by parents of adopted adolescents deserves special consideration, as adolescence is a critical period in the adoptees' developmental pathway. The present study aims to identify the adoptee, parents and family related predictors of the adoptive parents' parenting stress, exploring direct and indirect effects. Fifty Portuguese adolescents' adoptive parents participated in this study. Parenting stress was measured by theStress Index for Parents of Adolescents, and theStrengths and Difficulties Questionnairewas used to evaluate the adoptees' (mal)adjustment, according to the parents' perspective. Variables related to the parents' experience of adoption were assessed resorting to theParent's Interview about the Adoption Process.Results showed that parents' satisfaction and adoptees' adjustment were sequential mediators of the relationship between the parents' experience of family life and parenting stress. These findings provide new insights into adoption research in parenting stress, highlighting the importance of adoption‐related variables such as the parents' adoption experience within the family and family relationships.
A new 1p36.13‐1p36.12 microdeletion syndrome characterized by learning disability, behavioral abnormalities, and ptosis
Authors: Aagaard Nolting Line , Brasch‐Andersen Charlotte , Cox Helen , Kanani Farah , Parker Michael , Fry Andrew E. , Loddo Sara , Novelli Antonio , Dentici Maria Lisa , Joss Shelagh , Jørgensen Joan P. , Fagerberg Christina R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTwo 1p36 contiguous gene deletion syndromes are known so far: the terminal 1p36 deletion syndrome and a 1p36 deletion syndrome with a critical region located more proximal at 1p36.23‐1p36.22. We present even more proximally located overlapping deletions from seven individuals, with the smallest region of overlap comprising 1 Mb at 1p36.13‐1p36.12 (chr1:19077793‐20081292 (GRCh37/hg19)) defining a new contiguous gene deletion syndrome. The characteristic features of this new syndrome are learning disability or mild intellectual disability, speech delay, behavioral abnormalities, and ptosis. The genes UBR4 and CAPZB are considered the most likely candidate genes for the features of this new syndrome.
Novel recommendation system based on long‐term composition for adaptive web services
Authors: Kirubanantham P , Vijayakumar G 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIn the era of digital web services, composition of features on the fly is inevitable. The Long‐term Composed Service (LCS) entertains the composition of features to any extent, since it has an open‐ended lifetime. In the proposed research work, we have intended to provide service support to run the business toward a long time commitment. Structure‐based recommended system for LCSs (RS‐LCSs) is proposed, where user queries and recent updation/requirements are considered for exhibiting the response through the system. In the proposed system, business has been regulated according to the time constraints. We have tested our proposed system on the standard benchmark dataset and quantitative metrics show our proposed method has performed well against the compared methods. The forecasting of business has been done through our model to address the recent queries and new requirements issues to provide an adaptive web service for the business development.