bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Point-of-care ultrasound in nephrology
Authors: Soomro Qandeel H. , Amerling Richard 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
The use of POCUS has grown tremendously with the introduction of innovative, easy-to-carry and maneuver hand-held devices. This review focuses on nephrology-centric applications of POCUS that can be incorporated on a daily basis to make impactful and prompt clinical decisions.

Recent findings
We review articles covering use of POCUS in the dialysis unit, the Emergency Department, office, and ICU for assessment of volume status, access issues, stones, obstruction, and to help manage patients with AKI, shock, and heart failure.

Summary
POCUS is a welcome addition to our bedside diagnostic armamentarium and has great utility in nephrology. Trials are ongoing in evaluating outcomes with POCUS and physicians’ clinical experience using it has been extremely positive.
Impact drugs targeting cardiometabolic risk on the gut microbiota
Authors: Balvers Manon , van den Born Bert-Jan H. , Levin Evgeni , Nieuwdorp Max 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
Alterations in the gut microbiome composition or function are associated with risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Based on recent evidence that also oral medications used to treat these conditions could alter the gut microbiome composition and function and, vice versa, that the gut microbiome could affect the efficacy of these treatments, we reviewed the literature on these observed interactions.

Recent findings
While the interaction of metformin with the gut microbiome has been studied most, other drugs that target cardiometabolic risk are gaining attention and often showed associations with alterations in microbiome-related features, including alterations in specific microbial taxa or pathways, microbiome composition or microbiome-derived metabolites, while the gut microbiome was also involved in drug metabolism and drug efficacy. As for metformin, for some of them even a potential therapeutic effect via the gut microbiome is postulated. However, exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

Summary
There is growing interest in clarifying the interactions between the gut microbiome and drugs to treat hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia as well as the first pass effect of microbiome on drug efficacy. While mostly analysed in animal models, also human studies are gaining more and more traction. Improving the understanding of the gut microbiome drug interaction can provide clinical directions for therapy by optimizing drug efficacy or providing new targets for drug development.
Updates in the cause of sinonasal inverted papilloma and malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tong Charles C.L. , Palmer James N. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
The purpose of this study was to give an overview of recently published articles investigating the cause of inverted papilloma and possible mechanisms mediating malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa).

Recent findings
Inverted papilloma is a sinonasal tumour that is benign in nature, but has a tendency for local invasion, recurrence and malignant degeneration. Its pathogenesis has not been elucidated and the etiological role for human papillomavirus virus (HPV) has been controversial. Recent reports have varied in detection method (mRNA ISH, DNA ISH and PCR amplification of highly conserved regions of the viral genome), ranging from 0 to 100%. Advances in meta-genomics have permitted detection of HPV viral signatures that were previously cost-prohibitive, and there appears to be a potential role for both low-risk and high-risk in the cause of the disease. Activating EGFR mutations have also been identified to be correlated with malignant transformation, which may be exclusive of HPV infection. Furthermore, more comprehensive approaches in detecting genomic markers have been reported, with HOX-related genes and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-related gene sets appear to be differentially upregulated.

Summary
Sinonasal inverted papilloma is a diverse disease that is predominantly benign, but it harbours the potential for malignant degeneration in the SCCa with cause yet to be elucidated. Current evidence supports a potential role for high-risk HPV in a subset of SCCa, with the role of low-risk HPV yet to be defined. Historic studies of individual and small groups of molecular markers have not consistently adequate characterize signalling pathways underpinning the oncogenesis, and comprehensive genomic studies are needed to better understand the disease.
Do Unmet Health Needs Drive Pediatric Emergency Department Utilization?
Authors: Sojar Sakina , Gjelsvik Annie , Tsao Hoi See , Amanullah Siraj 
Published: December 2020

Objective
Lack of access to basic health services is thought to increase emergency department (ED) utilization. This study assessed the relationship between unmet health care needs and pediatric ED utilization in the United States.

Methods
The National Survey of Children's Health was used (2016–2017; n = 71,360). Parent/guardians reported number of ED visits and the presence of unmet health needs (medical, dental, mental health, vision, hearing, other) in the last 12 months. Associations were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression modeling and accounted for the weighting and complex survey design of the National Survey of Children's Health.

Results
Children with 2 or more unmet health needs had 3.72 times (95% confidence interval, 2.25–6.16) risk of ≥2 ED visits when compared with those with 0 unmet health needs. This risk became nonsignificant when adjusted for race, ethnicity, age, insurance, having asthma, current medication status, health description, number of preventative health visits, and place to go for preventative health (aRR, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–3.27). The adjusted association was also nonsignificant for specific types of unmet needs. Race, insurance status, age 0 to 3 years, current medication status, having asthma, ≥2 preventative visits, and poorer health were associated with ≥2 ED visits.

Conclusions
Unmet health needs were not found to be a significant driving force for ED utilization. Other factors were found to be more strongly associated with it. Future studies to understand the perception, motives, and complex interaction of various factors leading to ED use in high-risk populations may optimize care for these children.
Emergency Department Health Care Utilization and Opioid Administration Among Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Vasoocclusive Pain Crisis and Coexisting Mental Health Illness
Authors: Leuche Viviane Tchonang , Cutler Gretchen J. , Nelson Stephen C. , Jin Jing , Bergmann Kelly R. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives
To determine whether patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) who present to the emergency department (ED) with vasoocclusive pain crises (VOC), and have coexisting mental health (MH) diagnoses, are more likely to have increased health care utilization and more frequent opioid administration compared with those without coexisting MH conditions.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of patients aged 5 to 18 years with SCD who presented to a tertiary care ED with a primary complaint of VOC between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. We excluded patients with sickle cell trait and without a pain management plan in the electronic medical record. Outcomes included ED length of stay (LOS), admission rate, and opioid administration in the ED. Morphine equivalents were used to standardize opioid dosing. Mann-Whitney U and χ2 tests were used for univariate analysis. Multivariable logistic was performed for categorical and continuous outcomes, respectively, after adjusting for confounding factors.

Results
We identified 978 encounters. We excluded 196 without a pain management plan and one with inaccurate ED LOS, resulting in 781 encounters (148 patients) for analysis. Coexisting MH diagnoses were present in 75.0% of encounters, with anxiety (83.0%) and depressive disorders (55.9%) being most common. Compared with SCD patients without coexisting MH diagnoses, those with coexisting MH diagnoses had significantly longer ED LOS (252 ± 139 minutes vs 232 ± 145 minutes, P = 0.03), longer median hospital LOS (1.4 ± 3.2 days vs 0.3 ± 2.4 days, P < 0.001) in univariate analyses, but these differences were no longer significant in adjusted regression models. Patients with coexisting MH diagnoses had higher frequency of opioid administration in the ED (85.6% vs 71.4%, P < 0.0001) and higher odds of receiving opioids (adjusted odds ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.28–3.33).

Conclusions
Patients with SCD and coexisting MH diagnoses presenting with VOC have greater odds of receiving opioids compared with patients with SCD without coexisting MH diagnoses. Our results indicate a need for more MH resources in this vulnerable population and may help guide future management strategies.
Nonviral sexually transmitted infections in pregnancy: current controversies and new challenges
Authors: Waltmann Andreea , McKinnish Tyler R. , Duncan Joseph A. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
This review provides an update of nonviral, curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in pregnancy and summarizes our understanding of the current issues and controversies surrounding risk factors, screening, and treatment of STIs in pregnancy primarily in high-income countries (using the United States and the United Kingdom as examples). The infections covered in this review are syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and Mycoplasma genitalium infections.

Recent findings
Overall, limited modern data is available to update researchers and clinicians on the epidemiology and care of STIs in pregnancy. Though common risk factors can be identified among these STIs, like socioeconomic status and inadequate antenatal care, specific screening and treatment challenges vary by geography and pathogen. Wherever available, surveillance data and research evidence are often limited to nonpregnant patients, leading to imperfect pregnancy-specific risk estimates and obstetric lags in the development and adoption of new guidelines. We have identified three areas of opportunity that may enhance the effectiveness of current approaches and inform new ones: improved data collection and evidence-based screening practices; prompt and comprehensive therapy, including partner services, and evaluations of new treatment modalities; and equitable antenatal and sexual healthcare for all pregnant persons and their partners.

Summary
These findings highlight the need to revisit standards of screening and management of STIs in pregnancy in high-income countries.
Conjunctival cancer in people living with HIV
Authors: Muchengeti Mazvita , Bohlius Julia , Dhokotera Tafadzwa G. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
Historically, conjunctival cancer has been associated with HIV particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The human papilloma virus (HPV) has been implicated as a potential causative agent without conclusive evidence. This review covers recent evidence of the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of conjunctival cancer in people living with HIV (PLWH).

Recent findings
HIV infection has been attributed to 33% of squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva in sub-Saharan Africa. Although clear evidence of the effect of immunodeficiency on conjunctival cancer risk has been demonstrated, the role of HPV on conjunctival cancer development is still unclear. Biomarkers such as the p16 protein are not always indicative of HPV infection. The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) might potentially be another infectious agent of interest in the development of conjunctival cancer. There is some evidence of increased conjunctival cancer recurrence post treatment as well as increased probability of metastasis in PLWH.

Summary
Immunodeficiency increases the risk of conjunctival cancer in PLWH. Symptomatic screening of conjunctival cancer in PLWH should be encouraged. Research on HPV involvement should remain a priority and EBV considered as another etiologic agent of interest. More studies on treatment modalities in PLWH should be considered.
Liver Stiffness Is Increased in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Related With Complement C1q/Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Protein 3 Levels
Authors: Gulumsek Erdinc , Pekoz Burcak Cakir , Koc Ayse Selcan , Aslan Muhammed Zubeyir , Ali Ozturk Huseyin , Arici Fatih Necip , Sumbul Hilmi Erdem 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is very common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In patients with PCOS, the clinical use of liver stiffness (LS) and whether LS increases or decreases are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the parameters related to LS and whether there is an increase in LS in patients with PCOS compared with healthy controls. Thirty-eight women diagnosed with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria and 28 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were included in this study. In addition to routine follow-up parameters for all patients, serum homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and complement C1q/tumor necrosis factor–related protein 3 (CTRP3) levels were measured, and point shear wave elastography was performed. Body mass index; waist circumference; systolic blood pressure; serum glucose, alanine aminotransferase, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and HOMA-IR levels; and luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio were higher in PCOS group compared with healthy controls (P < 0.05). Serum CTRP3 levels were lower in patients with PCOS (P < 0.05). Liver stiffness value was significantly higher in PCOS group than healthy controls (P < 0.001). Positive correlation was found between LS and waist circumference as well as calcium, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and HOMA-IR levels (P < 0.05 for each one). Negative correlation was found between LS and CTRP (P < 0.01 for each one). In linear regression analysis, only CTRP3 level was found to be related to LS (P < 0.001 and β = 0.734). Liver stiffness value obtained by point shear wave elastography increases in patients with PCOS compared with healthy controls and is closely and negatively related to serum CTRP3 levels.
An excuse to misuse? Evaluating the use of prophylactic antibiotics in elective skin graft surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sinha Vikram , Borrelli Mimi R. , Landin Madeleine L. , Echlin Kezia , MacKenzie Ross Alastair 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Plastic surgeons may opt to administer prophylactic perioperative antibiotics in elective skin graft surgeries to curtail the risk of surgical site infections (SSI). However, the use of antibiotics brings the risk of adverse events or antibiotic resistance and evidence comparing the risk versus benefit is still lacking. Thus, there are no specific guidelines regarding the use of antibiotics prophylaxis in skin graft surgery and the potential for misuse of antibiotics is high.

Methodology:
A systematic literature search was conducted to retrieve all articles comparing the use versus nonuse of “prophylactic antibiotics” in “skin graft surgery” on March 29, 2020. All comparative study designs were considered for inclusion. The primary outcome was occurrence of SSI. A meta-analysis using the Mantel-Haenszel method with random effect model was used to pool the effect estimates from included studies.

Result:
A total of 1403 articles were identified, of which, 6 were included in the meta-analysis. The 6 articles included were all comparative studies (5 RCTs and 1 cohort study) and reported the outcomes of 391 patients and 404 grafts. A total of 202 patients received prophylactic antibiotics and 202 patients did not receive antibiotics. All 6 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled effect estimates comparing treatment groups showed no significant difference for outcomes in terms of SSI (odds ratio: 0.43; 95% confidence interval: 0.18, 1.02; I
2 0%; P=0.06).

Conclusion:
Incidence of SSI in elective skin graft surgery is relatively low. Our data shows there is limited utility in the use of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent clinically significant SSI in patients undergoing elective skin graft surgery. However, there are still only a small number of studies conducted on the topic to date, and more work is required before definitive conclusions can be used.
Availability and cost of gluten-free products in Moroccan supermarkets and e-commerce platforms
Authors: Guennouni Morad , El Khoudri Noureddine , Bourrouhouate Aicha , Hilali Abderraouf 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe prevalence of celiac disease is increasing alarmingly. The only and effective treatment for this disease is a strict gluten-free diet Efforts have been made by industrialists to produce gluten-free products (GFPs); however, their low availability and high cost, compared to gluten-containing products (GCPs) still remain among the factors that cause gluten-free adherence failure. The objective of this survey is to compare the availability and cost of GFPs in supermarkets in two Moroccan cities, Marrakech and Casablanca, and on e-commerce platforms and see how they compare to GCPs.Design/methodology/approachThis is a cross-sectional study that targets supermarkets and e-commerce websites that sell GFPs food and their GCPs equivalents. The price of each product is recorded per 100 g.FindingsThe study surveys 271 GFPs and their 579 GCPs equivalents that were subsequently divided into six categories. The “GF Cookie and Cakes” category came on top of the list of products. GFPs were more available on e-commerce websites than at supermarkets in two Moroccan cities (p = 0.003). The GFPs are 364% (115–1309%) more expensive than their GCPs counterparts. Also, the authors recorded a significant price difference between GFPs sold in supermarkets and those sold on online.Originality/valueThis study reveals that labeled GFPs are less available and more expensive than their equivalents GCPs in Morocco. This affects GF diet adherence and quality of life of celiac patients. The patients who use GFPs need financial compensation from the national government.
How effective are national quality strategies for business – empirical evidence from Switzerland
Authors: Mann Stefan 
Published: December 2020

PurposeOver the last decades, Swiss core actors in the administration, the parliament and the food chain, have developed a national quality strategy for the agri-food sector. The effectiveness of such symbolic actions is unclear.Design/methodology/approachBy dividing the average export prices by the average import prices of commodities on a four-digit tariff-line level, the study tests how price ratios have evolved between 1997 and 2017.FindingsBased on examples where these ratios turn systematically upward or downward, the study shows that the export–import price ratio generally follows a decreasing trend over time. The author concludes that the national quality strategy for business suffers from a weak level of operationalisation.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, the indicator used in the study is new.
An ideological analysis of sustainable careers: identifying the role of fantasy and a way forward
Authors: Bal P. Matthijs , Matthews Lee , Dóci Edina , McCarthy Lucy P. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeScholarly and general interest in sustainable careers is flourishing. Sustainable careers are focused on the long-term opportunities and experiences of workers across dynamic employment situations, and are characterized by flexibility, meaning and individual agency. The current paper analyzes and challenges the underlying ideological assumptions of how sustainable careers are conceptualized and advocates the inclusion of the ecological meaning of sustainability and the notion of dignity into the sustainable careers concept.Design/methodology/approachUsing Slavoj Žižek's (1989, 2001) conceptualization of ideology as fantasy-construction, the authors explore how the use of sustainable careers is influenced by fantasies about the contemporary workplace and the role of the individual in the workplace. This is a conceptual method.FindingsThe authors argue that the concept of sustainable careers is grounded in the neoliberal fantasy of the individual. The paper concludes by presenting an alternative concept of sustainable careers grounded in a dignity-perspective on sustainability, which offers an alternative theoretical understanding of sustainable careers in the contemporary workplace, sharpening its contours and usefulness in theorizing careers.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to systematically analyze the use and conceptualization of sustainable careers in the literate and to expose the ideological underpinnings of the concept. Propositions are developed to be explored by future research.
Library Review 1989–2017: publication and citation statistics
Authors: Willett Peter 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a bibliometric review of the journal Library Review (LR) from 1989 until its relaunch in 2018 as global knowledge, memory and communication.

Design/methodology/approach
Bibliometric analysis of 1,084 articles published in LR in the period 1989–2017.

Findings
Authors from 69 different countries have published in the journal, with Scotland providing the largest single contribution in terms of authors and institutions. Articles in the journal have been extensively cited, with the citations coming not only from the core library and information science literature but also from journals in a very broad range of disciplines.

Originality/value
This paper extends previous work on articles published in the journal and provides the first detailed study of citations to those published articles.
Western educational historiography and the institutionalization of normal schools in modern China (1901–1944)
Authors: Chen Wang , Wei Luo , Yuefei Wu 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper traces the incorporation of western educational histories in the development of normal-school curricula during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China (1901–1944). It uses publication networks to show how the study of comparative educational history facilitated the international circulation of knowledge in the teaching profession, and how the “uses” of educational history were shaped by larger geopolitical forces.Design/methodology/approachThis paper analyzes the international exchange of texts between normal schools in China and Japan and, subsequently, between normal schools in China and the United States. A database of 107 publications in the field of western educational history that were adopted in China reveals specific patterns of textual citation, cross-reference, and canon-formation in the field of educational historiography.FindingsWith conclusions derived from a combination of social network analysis and clustering analysis, this paper identifies three broad stages in China's development of normal-school curricula in comparative educational history: “Japan as Teacher,” “transitional period” and “America as Teacher.”Research limitations/implicationsStatistical analysis can reveal citation and reference patterns but not readers' understanding of the deeper meaning of texts – in this case, textbooks on the subject of western educational history. In addition, the types of publications analyzed in this study are relatively limited, the articles on the history of education in journals have not become the main objects of this study.Originality/valueThis paper uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to uncover the transnational circulation of knowledge in the field of comparative educational history during its formative period in China.