bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions in the Management of Musculoskeletal Conditions: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Hewitt Stephanie , Sephton Ruth , Yeowell Gillian 
Published: March 2020

Background
Musculoskeletal conditions are the second greatest contributor to disability worldwide and have significant individual, societal, and economic implications. Due to the growing burden of musculoskeletal disability, an integrated and strategic response is urgently required. Digital health interventions provide high-reach, low-cost, readily accessible, and scalable interventions for large patient populations that address time and resource constraints.

Objective
This review aimed to investigate if digital health interventions are effective in reducing pain and functional disability in patients with musculoskeletal conditions.

Methods
A systematic review was undertaken to address the research objective. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews before commencement of the study. The following databases were searched: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Scopus from January 1, 2000, to November 15, 2019, using search terms and database specific−medical subject headings terms in various combinations appropriate to the research objective.

Results
A total of 19 English language studies were eligible for inclusion. Of the 19 studies that assessed musculoskeletal pain, 9 reported statistically significant reductions following digital intervention. In all, 16 studies investigated functional disability; 10 studies showed a statistically significant improvement. Significant improvements were also found in a range of additional outcomes. Due to the heterogeneity of the results, a meta-analysis was not feasible.

Conclusions
This review has demonstrated that digital health interventions have some clinical benefits in the management of musculoskeletal conditions for pain and functional disability. Digital health interventions have the potential to contribute positively toward reducing the multifaceted burden of musculoskeletal conditions to the individual, economy, and society.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42018093343; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=93343
Finding the Best Way to Deliver Online Educational Content in Low-Resource Settings: Qualitative Survey Study
Authors: Kynge Lucy 
Published: March 2020

Background
The reach of internet and mobile phone coverage has grown rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The potential for sharing knowledge with health care workers in low-resource settings to improve working practice is real, but barriers exist that limit access to online information. Burns affect more than 11 million people each year, but health care workers in low-resource settings receive little or no training in treating burn patients. Interburns' training programs are tailor-made to improve the quality of burn care in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East; the challenge is to understand the best way of delivering these resources digitally toward improved treatment and care of burn patients.

Objective
The aim of the study, funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), was to understand issues and barriers that affect health care worker access to online learning in low-resource settings in order to broaden access to Interburns' training materials and improve burn-patient care.

Methods
A total of 546 participants of Interburns' Essential Burn Care (EBC) course held in Bangladesh, Nepal, Ethiopia, and the West Bank, the occupied Palestinian Territories, between January 2016 and June 2018 were sent an online survey. EBC participants represent the wide range of health care professionals involved with the burn-injured patient. A literature review was carried out as well as research into online platforms.

Results
A total of 207 of 546 (37.9%) participants of the EBC course did not provide an email address. Of the 339 email addresses provided, 81 (23.9%) “bounced” back. Surgeons and doctors were more likely to provide an email address than nurses, intern doctors, or auxiliary health care workers. A total of 258 participants received the survey and 70 responded, giving a response rate of 27.1%. Poor internet connection, lack of time, and limited access to computers were the main reasons for not engaging with online learning, along with lack of relevant materials. Computers were seen as more useful for holding information, while mobile phones were better for communicating and sharing knowledge. Health care workers in LMICs use mobile phones professionally on a daily basis. A total of 80% (56/70) felt that educational content on burns should be available through mobile apps.

Conclusions
Health care workers in low-resource settings face a variety of barriers to accessing educational content online. The reliance on email for sign-up to learning management systems is a significant barrier. Materials need to be relevant, localized, and easy to consume offline if necessary, to avoid costs of mobile phone data. Smartphones are increasingly used professionally every day for communication and searching for information, pointing toward the need for tailored educational content to be more available through mobile- and web-based apps.
Association Between HIV-Related Tweets and HIV Incidence in the United States: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Stevens Robin , Bonett Stephen , Bannon Jacqueline , Chittamuru Deepti , Slaff Barry , Browne Safa K , Huang Sarah , Bauermeister José A 
Published: March 2020

Background
Adolescents and young adults in the age range of 13-24 years are at the highest risk of developing HIV infections. As social media platforms are extremely popular among youths, researchers can utilize these platforms to curb the HIV epidemic by investigating the associations between the discourses on HIV infections and the epidemiological data of HIV infections.

Objective
The goal of this study was to examine how Twitter activity among young men is related to the incidence of HIV infection in the population.

Methods
We used integrated human-computer techniques to characterize the HIV-related tweets by male adolescents and young male adults (age range: 13-24 years). We identified tweets related to HIV risk and prevention by using natural language processing (NLP). Our NLP algorithm identified 89.1% (2243/2517) relevant tweets, which were manually coded by expert coders. We coded 1577 HIV-prevention tweets and 17.5% (940/5372) of general sex-related tweets (including emojis, gifs, and images), and we achieved reliability with intraclass correlation at 0.80 or higher on key constructs. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the spatial patterns in posting HIV-related tweets as well as the relationships between the tweets and local HIV infection rates.

Results
We analyzed 2517 tweets that were identified as relevant to HIV risk and prevention tags; these tweets were geolocated in 109 counties throughout the United States. After adjusting for region, HIV prevalence, and social disadvantage index, our findings indicated that every 100-tweet increase in HIV-specific tweets per capita from noninstitutional accounts was associated with a multiplicative effect of 0.97 (95% CI [0.94-1.00]; P=.04) on the incidence of HIV infections in the following year in a given county.

Conclusions
Twitter may serve as a proxy of public behavior related to HIV infections, and the association between the number of HIV-related tweets and HIV infection rates further supports the use of social media for HIV disease prevention.
Evaluating Engagement in a Digital and Dietetic Intervention Promoting Healthy Weight Gain in Pregnancy: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Willcox Jane C , Chai Daniel , Beilin Lawrence J , Prescott Susan L , Silva Desiree , Neppe Cliff , Huang Rae-Chi 
Published: March 2020

Background
Early excess and inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) have been associated with negative outcomes for mother and child. The use of digital media to deliver pregnancy lifestyle interventions is increasing, but there is little data on participant engagement. The Pregnancy Lifestyle Activity and Nutrition (PLAN) intervention pilot study was an electronic health and dietetic-delivered intervention program promoting healthy GWG in early pregnancy.

Objective
This study aims to explore the interactions of participants with the program and to assess its acceptability.

Methods
This study uses both quantitative and qualitative methods using data from parent randomized controlled trial (ACTRN12617000725369). Quantitative data from 22 participants in the intervention arm who completed the study provided measures of the interactions participants had with the digital components of the program and with dietetic consultations. A descriptive qualitative analysis employed semistructured interviews with 9 participants to elicit views on the acceptability of the intervention and its components.

Results
The electronic delivery of information and recording of weight from 8 to 20 weeks of gestation were universally accepted. Component (face-to-face dietitian, weight tracker, website information delivery, and SMS goal prompting) acceptability and engagement differed between individuals. A total of 4 key themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: supporting lifestyle change, component acceptability and value, delivery platforms, and engagement barriers.

Conclusions
The PLAN intervention and its delivery via a blend of personal dietetic consultations and digital program delivery was found to be acceptable and valuable to pregnant women. Individuals responded differently to various components, emphasizing the importance of including women in the development of lifestyle interventions and allowing participants to choose and tailor programs. Larger randomized controlled trials using these insights in a broader section of the community are needed to inform the iterative development of practical, time-efficient, and cost-effective ways of supporting optimal GWG with the potential to optimize outcomes for pregnant women and their child.
Standardized Protocol Items Recommendations for Observational Studies (SPIROS) for Observational Study Protocol Reporting Guidelines: Protocol for a Delphi Study
Authors: Mahajan Raman , Burza Sakib , Bouter Lex M , Sijtsma Klaas , Knottnerus André , Kleijnen Jos , Dael Peter Van , Zeegers Maurice P 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundApproximately 90% of currently published clinical and public health research is in the form of observational studies. Having a detailed and registered study protocol prior to data collection is important in any empirical study. Without this, there is no reliable way to assess the occurrence of publication bias, outcome reporting bias, and other protocol deviations. However, there is currently no solid guidance available on the information that a protocol for an observational study should contain.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to formulate the Standardized Protocol Items Recommendations for Observational Studies (SPIROS) reporting guidelines, which focus on 3 main study designs of analytical epidemiology: cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies.MethodsA scoping review of published protocol papers of observational studies in epidemiology will identify candidate items for the SPIROS reporting guidelines. The list of items will be extended with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist items and recommendations from the SPIROS steering committee. This long list serves as the basis for a 2-round Delphi survey among experts to obtain consensus on which items to include. Each candidate item from the long list will be rated on a 5-point Likert scale to assess relevance for inclusion in the SPIROS reporting guidelines. Following the Delphi survey, an expert-driven consensus workshop will be convened to finalize the reporting guidelines.ResultsA scoping review of published observational study protocols has been completed, with 59 candidate items identified for inclusion into the Delphi survey, itself launched in early 2020.ConclusionsThis project aims to improve the timeliness, completeness, and clarity of study protocols of observational studies in analytical epidemiology by producing expert-based recommendations of items to be addressed. These reporting guidelines will facilitate and encourage researchers to prepare and register study protocols of sufficient quality prior to data collection in order to improve the transparency, reproducibility, and quality of observational studies.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/17864
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Phenotypes in Adults Taking Antihypertensive Medication with and without CKD
Authors: Mwasongwe Stanford E. , Tanner Rikki M. , Poudel Bharat , Pugliese Daniel N. , Young Bessie A. , Abdalla Marwah , Musani Solomon K. , Gutiérrez Orlando M. , Correa Adolfo , Shimbo Daichi , Muntner Paul 
Published: March 2020

Background and objectives
Recent guidelines recommend out-of-clinic BP measurements.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We compared the prevalence of BP phenotypes between 561 black patients, with and without CKD, taking antihypertensive medication who underwent ambulatory BP monitoring at baseline (between 2000 and 2004) in the Jackson Heart Study. CKD was defined as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g or eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Sustained controlled BP was defined by BP at goal both inside and outside of the clinic and sustained uncontrolled BP as BP above goal both inside and outside of the clinic. Masked uncontrolled hypertension was defined by controlled clinic-measured BP with uncontrolled out-of-clinic BP.

Results
CKD was associated with a higher multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio for uncontrolled versus controlled clinic BP (prevalence ratio, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.02) and sustained uncontrolled BP versus sustained controlled BP (prevalence ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.16 to 2.36). There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of uncontrolled daytime or nighttime BP, nondipping BP, white-coat effect, and masked uncontrolled hypertension between participants with and without CKD after multivariable adjustment. After multivariable adjustment, reduced eGFR was associated with masked uncontrolled hypertension versus sustained controlled BP (prevalence ratio, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.00 to 2.00), whereas albuminuria was associated with uncontrolled clinic BP (prevalence ratio, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.60) and sustained uncontrolled BP versus sustained controlled BP (prevalence ratio, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.99).

Conclusions
The prevalence of BP phenotypes defined using ambulatory BP monitoring is high among adults with CKD taking antihypertensive medication.
Association of 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Patterns with Cognitive Function and Physical Functioning in CKD
Authors: Ghazi Lama , Yaffe Kristine , Tamura Manjula K. , Rahman Mahboob , Hsu Chi-yuan , Anderson Amanda H. , Cohen Jordana B. , Fischer Michael J. , Miller Edgar R. , Navaneethan Sankar D. , He Jiang , Weir Matthew R. , Townsend Raymond R. , Cohen Debbie L. , Feldman Harold I. , Drawz Paul E. ,   the CRIC Study Investigators
Published: March 2020

Background and objectives
Hypertension is highly prevalent in patients with CKD as is cognitive impairment and frailty, but the link between them is understudied. Our objective was to determine the association between ambulatory BP patterns, cognitive function, physical function, and frailty among patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Ambulatory BP readings were obtained on 1502 participants of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort. We evaluated the following exposures: (1) BP patterns (white coat, masked, sustained versus controlled hypertension) and (2) dipping patterns (reverse, extreme, nondippers versus normal dippers). Outcomes included the following: (1) cognitive impairment scores from the Modified Mini Mental Status Examination of <85, <80, and <75 for participants <65, 65–79, and ≥80 years, respectively; (2) physical function, measured by the short physical performance battery (SPPB), with higher scores (0–12) indicating better functioning; and (3) frailty, measured by meeting three or more of the following criteria: slow gait speed, muscle weakness, low physical activity, exhaustion, and unintentional weight loss. Cognitive function and frailty were assessed at the time of ambulatory BP (baseline) and annually thereafter. SPPB was assessed at baseline logistic and linear regression and Cox discrete models assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between dipping and BP patterns and outcomes.

Results
Mean age of participants was 63±10 years, 56% were male, and 39% were black. At baseline, 129 participants had cognitive impairment, and 275 were frail. Median SPPB score was 9 (interquartile range, 7–10). At baseline, participants with masked hypertension had 0.41 (95% CI, −0.78 to −0.05) lower SPPB scores compared with those with controlled hypertension in the fully adjusted model. Over 4 years of follow-up, 529 participants had incident frailty, and 207 had incident cognitive impairment. After multivariable adjustment, there was no association between BP or dipping patterns and incident frailty or cognitive impairment.

Conclusions
In patients with CKD, dipping and BP patterns are not associated with incident or prevalent cognitive impairment or prevalent frailty.
ANALISIS KETEBALAN LAPISAN SEDIMEN DAN INDEKS KERENTANAN SEISMIK KOTA JAMBI BAGIAN TIMUR
Authors: Satria Arie , Resta Ichy Lucya , MZ Nasri 
Published: March 2020

A Research was carried about analysis of sediment layer thickness and seismic vulnerability index in eastern Jambi City. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of sediment layer thickness on seismic vulnerability index in eastern Jambi City based on microtremor data. The Acquisition data of microtremor is 25 points spread in research area. Processing data was carried out using the HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectra Ratio) method to obtain the H/V curve. This curve represents the value of the natural frequency (f0) and amplification factor (A0). Based on the results of data processing obtained, the range of natural frequency (f0) value is 1.04 – 3.78 Hz, the range of amplification factor (A0) value is 1.13 - 4.88 times, the range of sediment layer thickness (h) value is 16.46 – 61.45 meters, and the range of seismic vulnerability index (Kg) value is 0.70 - 20.18×10-6 cm2/s. The results showed that the distribution of seismic vulnerability index (Kg) correlated relatively well with sediment layer thickness of the research area. The high zone of seismic vulnerability index (Kg) is relatively associated with alluvial deposits and also the sediment layer thickness of more than 30 meters. The high zone of seismic vulnerability index (Kg) is concentrated in Pasir Panjang, Tanjung Raden to Olak Kemang in Danau Teluk sub-district and Tanjung Sari in Jambi Timur sub-district.
Transient ischemic attack and ischemic upper limb in a case of subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm due to complicated clavicular bone fracture, a rare encounter
Authors: Sim Benjamin Ng Han , Lingam Ganeshwara Durai Raja , Matthew Susan Wendy , Puvanarajah Santhi Datuk 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Subclavian pseudoaneurysm is a rare sequalae of untreated ipsilateral clavicular bone fracture and may be complicated with distal embolization, causing an acute ischemia of ipsilateral upper limb.

Case Presentation:
We present a challenging case of subclavian pseudoaneurysm who was later discovered to have a previously missed clavicular bone fracture. The case was complicated with concurrent recurrent ischemic limb and transient ischemic attack of the brain.

Conclusion:
Although subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm as a cause for transient ischemic attack has not been described in literature, we believe that our case has highlighted the possibility of such association.
Food and Mood: Exploring the determinants of food choices and the effects of food consumption on mood among women in Inner London.
Authors: Leeds Joanna , Keith Regina , Woloshynowych Maria 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between food and mood against the backdrop of increased mental health and nutrition cognizance within public health and scientific discourses. Mood was defined as encompassing positive or negative affect.
Methodology: A constructionist qualitative approach underpinned this study. Convenience sampling in two faith-based settings was utilised for recruiting participants, who were aged 19-80 (median,48) years. In total 22 Christian women were included in the research, eighteen were in focus groups and four were in individual semi structured interviews. All were church-attending women in inner London. A thematic analysis was carried out, resulting in four central themes relating to food choice and food-induced mood states.
Findings: Women identified a number of internal and external factors as influencing their food choices and the effect of food intake on their moods. Food choice was influenced by mood; mood was influenced by food choice. Low mood was associated with unhealthy food consumption, apparent addiction to certain foods and overeating. Improved mood was associated with more healthy eating and eating in social and familial settings.
Discussion: Findings indicate food and mood are interconnected through a complex web of factors, as women respond to individual, environmental, cultural and social cues. Targeting socio-cultural and environmental influences and developing supportive public health services, via faith-based or community-based institutions could help to support more women in their struggle to manage the food and mood continuum. Successful implementation of health policies that recognise the psychological and social determinants of food choice and the effect of food consumption on mood, is essential, as is as more research into life-cycle causal factors linking food choice to mood.
Lingkungan Biofisik Hutan Mangrove di Kota Langsa, Aceh
Authors: Iswahyudi Iswahyudi , Kusmana Cecep , Hidayat Aceng , Noorachmat Bambang Pramudya 
Published: March 2020

Mangrove ecosystem is an area that serves as a interface between the land and sea, but at the moment has a lot of damage. The phenomenon of damage to the mangrove forest ecosystem also occurred in Langsa City. This study aims to analyse biophysical conditions of mangrove forest ecosystems in Langsa City. The method used in this study is to combine qualitative and quantitative descriptive approaches. Results of the study show that the area of mangrove forest in the study has increased as large as 324.29 ha in the period of 6 years (2007-2013). The mangrove flora in Langsa City consist of a group of true mangrove flora and mangrove associates, consisting of 14 families and 25 species. The criticality of mangrove forests in the research location is classified as damaged (1,955.96 ha) and severely damaged (2,556.82 ha).