bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of resveratrol in enrichment of neural progenitor-like cell induction of human stem cells from apical papilla
Authors: Songsaad Anupong , Gonmanee Thanasup , Ruangsawasdi Nisarat , Phruksaniyom Chareerut , Thonabulsombat Charoensri 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Stem cell transplantation of exogenous neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a promising approach for neurodegenerative disease. Human stem cells from apical papilla (hSCAPs) are derived from migratory neural crest stem cells and exhibit a potential of neuronal differentiation. However, their neuronal differentiation is low and unpredictable. Resveratrol has been described as a sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activator which plays an important role in enhancing neuronal differentiation. In this study, we investigate the potential of resveratrol as an enhancer on neuronal differentiation through NPCs induction of hSCAPs.

Methods
Stem cells were isolated from human apical papilla and characterized as MSCs. The cellular toxicity of resveratrol treatment to the characterized hSCAPs was investigated by MTT assay. The non-cellular toxicity concentrations of resveratrol were assessed with various pre-treatment times to select the optimal condition that highly expressed the neural progenitor gene, NES. Consequently, the optimal condition of resveratrol pre-treatment was synergistically performed with a neuronal induction medium to trigger neuronal differentiation. The differentiated cells were visualized, the genes profiling was quantified, and the percentage of neuronal differentiation was calculated. Moreover, the intracellular calcium oscillation was demonstrated.

Results
The cellular toxicity of resveratrol was not observed for up to 50 μM for 12 h. Interestingly, hSCAPs pre-treated with 10 μM resveratrol for 12 h (RSV-hSCAPs) significantly expressed NES, which is determined as the optimal condition. Under neuronal induction, both of hSCAPs and RSV-hSCAPs were differentiated (d-hSCAPs and RSV-d-hSCAPs) as they exhibited neuronal-like appearances with Nissl substance staining. The highest expression of NES and SOX1 was observed in RSV-d-hSCAPs. Additionally, the percentage of neuronal differentiation of RSV-d-hSCAPs was significantly higher than d-hSCAPs for 4 times. Importantly, the neuronal-like cells exhibited slightly increasing pattern of calcium intensity.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that pre-treatment of resveratrol strongly induces neural progenitor marker gene expression which synergistically enhances neural progenitor-like cells’ induction with neuronal induction medium.
A microbial ecosystem: agricultural Jiaosu achieves effective and lasting antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Zhang Yue , Gao Youhui , Zheng Zehui , Meng Xingyao , Cai Yafan , Liu Jianbin , Hu Yuegao , Yan Shuangdui , Wang Xiaofen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSynthetic fungicides are eco-unfriendly to agriculture and the environment. Agricultural Jiaosu (AJ), which originates from organic wastes, has the potential to be a substitute for synthetic fungicides. In this study, the characteristics of AJ and its antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea were investigated for the first time. AJ was rich in lactic acid (4.46 g/L), acetic acid (1.52 g/L), Lactobacillus (72.45%) and Acetobacter (15.23%), which was a microbial ecosystem consisting of acid-based substances (AS) and beneficial microorganisms (BM). The results of the antifungal assays suggested that B. cinerea was effectively inhibited by AJ, with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 9.24%. AJ showed the strongest and most-lasting inhibitory effect compared to cell-free supernatant and microbial solution of AJ, indicating that AS and BM and their synergistic effect contributed to the antifungal activity of AJ. Two-step inhibition’ is an antifungal mode of AJ. Firstly, AS not only inhibited the pathogen directly but also provided a dominant niche for BM of AJ. Then, BM in AJ, especially Acetobacter, proliferated and metabolized acetic acid continuously. Thus, AJ achieved high-efficiency and long-acting inhibition. AJ is a promising biological agent considering its features of an eco-friendly, low-cost and easy-to-operate biological agent in rural areas.
Pharmacokinetic study of a novel oral formulation of S-adenosylmethionine (MSI-195) in healthy subjects: dose escalation, food effect and comparison to a commercial nutritional supplement product
Authors: Cameron Beth R. , Ferreira Ludvina , MacDonald I. David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
A novel, high bioavailability oral, enteric coated tablet formulation of S-adenosylmethionine (MSI-195) has been developed for life science application. The present research reports on a Phase 1 study to (i) determine the safety of single doses of MSI-195 (ii) to determine the dose proportionality of MSI-195 at doses of 400, 800 and 1600 mg (iii) determine the pharmacokinetics of MSI-195 compared with a commercial reference product (SAM-e Complete™) over 24 h and (iv) to determine the effect of food on the pharmacokinetic profile of MSI-195 in human subjects.

Methods
This study was a pharmacokinetic and safety evaluation of MSI-195 and a commercial comparator broken into two stages. The first stage was an exploratory single ascending dose design of MSI-195 in 8 healthy normal male volunteers. The second stage was a single dose evaluation, targeting 26 male and female volunteers at set doses of MSI-195 and commercial comparator in a cross-over design followed by a food effect study on MSI-195. Plasma samples were collected and assayed for S-adenosylmethionine using a validated HPLC method with MS/MS detection. The main absorption and disposition parameters were calculated using a non-compartmental approach with a log-linear terminal phase assumption. Statistical analysis was based on an ANOVA model or t test as appropriate.

Results
MSI-195 was found to be generally well tolerated with an adverse event profile similar to the SAM-e Complete™ comparator product. The relative bioavailability of MSI-195 was approximately 2.8-fold higher than SAM-e Complete based on area under the curve (AUC) ratios for the two products and the MSI-195 formulation exposure based on AUC was found to be approximately dose proportional. There was a significant food effect for MSI-195 with a delayed time to maximum absorption Tmax, going from 4.5 h under fasted conditions to 13 h under fed conditions, and area under the curve with food reduced to 55% of that seen under fasting conditions.

Conclusions
The overall conclusion was that MSI-195 was well tolerated and has markedly higher bioavailability compared with both the SAM-e Complete™ commercial product tested and, on a per mg basis, products reported in other literature.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04623034. Retrospectively registered Nov 9, 2020.
Combined quality and dose-volume histograms for assessing the predictive value of 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT simulation for personalizing radioembolization treatment in liver metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Levillain Hugo , Burghelea Manuela , Derijckere Ivan Duran , Guiot Thomas , Gulyban Akos , Vanderlinden Bruno , Vouche Michael , Flamen Patrick , Reynaert Nick 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The relationship between the mean absorbed dose delivered to the tumour and the outcome in liver metastases from colorectal cancer patients treated with radioembolization has already been presented in several studies. The optimization of the personalized therapeutic activity to be administered is still an open challenge. In this context, how well the 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT predicts the absorbed dose delivered by radioembolization is essential. This work aimed to analyse the differences between predictive 99mTc-MAA-SPECT/CT and post-treatment 90Y-microsphere PET/CT dosimetry at different levels. Dose heterogeneity was compared voxel-to-voxel using the quality-volume histograms, subsequently used to demonstrate how it could be used to identify potential clinical parameters that are responsible for quantitative discrepancies between predictive and post-treatment dosimetry.

Results
We analysed 130 lesions delineated in twenty-six patients. Dose-volume histograms were computed from predictive and post-treatment dosimetry for all volumes: individual lesion, whole tumoural liver (TL) and non-tumoural liver (NTL). For all dose-volume histograms, the following indices were extracted: D90, D70, D50, Dmean and D20. The results showed mostly no statistical differences between predictive and post-treatment dosimetries across all volumes and for all indices. Notably, the analysis showed no difference in terms of Dmean, confirming the results from previous studies. Quality factors representing the spread of the quality-volume histogram (QVH) curve around 0 (ideal QF = 0) were determined for lesions, TL and NTL. QVHs were classified into good (QF < 0.18), acceptable (0.18 ≤ QF < 0.3) and poor (QF ≥ 0.3) correspondence. For lesions and TL, dose- and quality-volume histograms are mostly concordant: 69% of lesions had a QF within good/acceptable categories (40% good) and 65% of TL had a QF within good/acceptable categories (23% good). For NTL, the results showed mixed results with 48% QF within the poor concordance category. Finally, it was demonstrated how QVH analysis could be used to define the parameters that predict the significant differences between predictive and post-treatment dose distributions.

Conclusion
It was shown that the use of the QVH is feasible in assessing the predictive value of 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT dosimetry and in estimating the absorbed dose delivered to liver metastases from colorectal cancer via 90Y-microspheres. QVH analyses could be used in combination with DVH to enhance the predictive value of 99mTc-MAA SPECT/CT dosimetry and to assist personalized activity prescription.
Biliary atresia in a preterm and extremely low birth weight infant: a case report and literature review
Authors: Kawano Yuki , Yoshimaru Koichiro , Uchida Yasuyuki , Kajihara Keisuke , Toriigahara Yukihiro , Shirai Takeshi , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Matsuura Toshiharu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Biliary atresia in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants is rarely reported, and the optimal timing of Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) in these cases remains unclear.

Case presentation
We report a case of biliary atresia in a preterm female infant of 24 weeks of gestation who weighed 824 g. She underwent exploratory laparotomy and intraoperative cholangiography at 58 days of age (weight, 1336 g). Despite the diagnosis of biliary atresia with a type I cyst, we could only perform gallbladder drainage at that time due to the unstable intraoperative condition. While we waited for her body weight to increase, KPE was performed at 122 days of age (corrected age: 16 days), when the patient weighed 2296 g. Although she initially became jaundice-free, her liver function deteriorated due to cholangitis, and she developed decompensated cholestatic liver cirrhosis. Living donor liver transplantation was successfully performed at 117 days after KPE, and the postoperative course was uneventful. The timing of KPE is difficult to determine and a review of the relevant literature revealed that a poor prognosis in VLBW and ELBW infants with BA.

Conclusions
Early KPE and careful postoperative follow-up, including liver transplantation is important for the improvement of outcomes.
Integration of some organic amendments and the predatory nematode, Fictor composticola, for the management of Meloidogyne incognita in cucumber
Authors: Sidhu Harjot Singh , Kanwar Rambir Singh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Organic amendments are well known for influencing soil nematode community structure, diversities, and activities. Most of the previous studies focused on effects of organic amendments on plant-parasitic nematodes, but only a few investigated the effect of combination of biocontrol agents and organic amendments on soil nematodes.

Main body
Different organic amendments (neem cake, poultry manure, and neem leaves) were combined with the predatory nematode, Fictor composticola, for the control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, in cucumber. Organic amendments were mixed in pots containing 1 kg soil, 15 days before sowing. Cucumber (cv. CCH-1) plants grown in these pots were inoculated by 2000 J2 of M. incognita and 400 F. composticola per pot, after 1 week of germination. Fictor composticola in combination with chicken manure + neem cake + neem leaves was found the best mixture for reducing the number of galls, egg masses, and final root-knot nematode population. The predator’s population reached the maximum in this treatment. All combinations of organic amendments in the presence of F. composticola were found significantly superior over inoculated check in reducing nematode’s population and in improving plant growth over the un-inoculated check.

Conclusions
Data indicated the suitability of using the predatory nematode, F. composticola, and organic amendments for potential use in sustainable nematode management strategies.
Single isotropic 3D fast spin echo sequence compared with conventional 2D sequences for detecting meniscal and cruciate ligament tears in the knee
Authors: El-Liethy Nevien Ezzat , Rashwan Amr Samir , Kamal Heba 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
This work was conducted to assess the diagnostic efficiency of isotropic three-dimensional VISTA-fast spin echo versus standard two-dimensional fast spin echo at 1.5 T MRI, in the assessment of internal knee derangement in symptomatic patients, aiming to obtain similar diagnostic accuracy in a shorter time span, with reduction of partial volume artifacts by thin continuous sections.

Results
This was a non-randomized control study including 39 patients (32 male and 7 females, mean age 37 years old). A correlative study was done utilizing MRI standard 2D FSE (protocol A) versus 3D-VISTA-FSE (protocol B) for medial meniscus (MM) and lateral meniscus (LM), as well as anterior cruciate ligament ACL lesions, comparing the MRI results with the findings of arthroscopy as the gold standard. Both protocols depicted medial meniscus lesions with accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity (97.44%, 96.30%, and 100% respectively), lateral meniscus lesions with accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity (97.44%, 100%, and 50% respectively), and ACL lesions with accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity (100%, 100%, and 100% respectively), while there were no PCL lesions depicted through the study population. Comparing the time factor between both protocols revealed protocol A to consume 13.7 min, while protocol B consumed 6.6 min.

Conclusion
Three-dimensional isotropic VISTA-FSE sequence, although having similar accuracy in diagnosing cruciate and meniscal lesions as the standard sequences, facilitates thin-section data acquisition and multi-planar image reformation in standard and non-standard planes, without intersection gaps that are crucial for the detection and dissection of compound structures; also, it allows a shorter time span, which is more advantageous for patients, particularly the traumatized and emergency patients.
A mechanism-based group-psychotherapy approach to aggressive behaviour in borderline personality disorder: findings from a cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Herpertz S. C. , Matzke B. , Hillmann K. , Neukel C. , Mancke F. , Jaentsch B. , Schwenger U. , Honecker H. , Bullenkamp R. , Steinmann S. , Krauch M. , Bauer S. , Borzikowsky C. , Bertsch K. , Dempfle A. 
Published: December 2020

Background
Aggressive behaviour is a prevalent and harmful phenomenon in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, no short-term, low-cost programme exists that specifically focuses on aggression.

Aims
Attuning therapy modules to pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie reactive aggression in BPD, we composed a 6 week mechanism-based anti-aggression psychotherapy (MAAP) approach for the group setting, which we tested against a non-specific supportive psychotherapy (NSSP).

Method
A cluster-randomised two-arm parallel-group phase II trial of N = 59 patients with BPD and overt aggressive behaviour was performed (German Registry for Clinical Trials, DRKS00009445). The primary outcome was the externally directed overt aggression score of the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (M-OAS) post-treatment (adjusted for pre-treatment overt aggression). Secondary outcomes were M-OAS irritability, M-OAS response rate and ecological momentary assessment of anger post-treatment and at 6 month follow-up, as well as M-OAS overt aggression score at follow-up.

Results
Although no significant difference in M-OAS overt aggression between treatments was found post-treatment (adjusted difference in mean 3.49 (95% CI −5.32 to 12.31, P = 0.22), the MAAP group showed a clinically relevant decrease in aggressive behaviour of 65% on average (versus 33% in the NSSP group), with particularly strong improvement among those with the highest baseline aggression. Most notably, significant differences in reduction in overt aggression between MAAP and NSSP were found at follow-up.

Conclusions
Patients with BPD and aggressive behaviour benefited from a short group psychotherapy, with improvements particularly visible at 6 month follow-up. Further studies are required to show whether these effects are specific to MAAP.
Hearing impairment due to Mir183/96/182 mutations suggests both loss-of-function and gain-of-function effects
Authors: Lewis Morag A. , Di Domenico Francesca , Ingham Neil J. , Prosser Haydn M. , Steel Karen P. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
The microRNA miR-96 is important for hearing, as point mutations in humans and mice result in dominant progressive hearing loss. Mir96 is expressed in sensory cells along with Mir182 and Mir183, but the roles of these closely-linked microRNAs are as yet unknown. Here, we analyse mice carrying null alleles of Mir182, and of Mir183 and Mir96 together to investigate their roles in hearing. We found that Mir183/96 heterozygous mice had normal hearing and homozygotes were completely deaf with abnormal hair cell stereocilia bundles and reduced numbers of inner hair cell synapses at 4 weeks of age. Mir182 knockout mice developed normal hearing then exhibited progressive hearing loss. Our transcriptional analyses revealed significant changes in a range of other genes, but surprisingly there were fewer genes with altered expression in the organ of Corti of Mir183/96 null mice compared with our previous findings in Mir96Dmdo mutants, which have a point mutation in the miR-96 seed region. This suggests that the more-severe phenotype of Mir96Dmdo mutants compared with Mir183/96 mutants, including progressive hearing loss in Mir96Dmdo heterozygotes, is likely to be mediated by the gain of novel target genes in addition to the loss of its normal targets. We propose three mechanisms of action of mutant miRNAs: loss of targets that are normally completely repressed, loss of targets for which transcription is normally buffered by the miRNA, and gain of novel targets. Any of these mechanisms could lead to a partial loss of a robust cellular identity and consequent dysfunction.
Highly Porous Chitosan-derived Nitrogen-doped Carbon Applicable for High-performance Gas Diffusion Oxygen Electrodes
Authors: Okuda Ryunosuke , Suematsu Koichi , Watanabe Ken , Shimanoe Kengo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A chitosan-derived nitrogen-doped carbon (NDC) with a well-designed pore structure is prepared by a novel activation process using ZnO and water vapor. The gas diffusion electrode comprising the obtained NDC for oxygen reduction exhibits higher performance than Pt/carbon black electrode in the current density range of 1–500 mA/cm2.
Distinct Adaptations of Mitochondrial Dynamics to Electrical Pulse Stimulation in Lean and Severely Obese Primary Myotubes
Authors: KUGLER BENJAMIN A. , DENG WENQIAN , FRANCOIS BERGOMI , ANDERSON MEAGHAN , HINKLEY J. MATTHEW , HOUMARD JOSEPH A. , GONA PHILIMON N. , ZOU KAI 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Skeletal muscle from lean and obese subjects elicits differential adaptations in response to exercise/muscle contractions. In order to determine whether obesity alters the adaptations in mitochondrial dynamics in response to exercise/muscle contractions and whether any of these distinct adaptations are linked to alterations in insulin sensitivity, we compared the effects of electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) on mitochondrial network structure and regulatory proteins in mitochondrial dynamics in myotubes from lean humans and humans with severe obesity and evaluated the correlations between these regulatory proteins and insulin signaling.

Methods
Myotubes from human skeletal muscle cells obtained from lean humans (body mass index, 23.8 ± 1.67 kg·m−2) and humans with severer obesity (45.5 ± 2.26 kg·m−2; n = 8 per group) were electrically stimulated for 24 h. Four hours after EPS, mitochondrial network structure, protein markers of insulin signaling, and mitochondrial dynamics were assessed.

Results
EPS enhanced insulin-stimulated AktSer473 phosphorylation, reduced the number of nonnetworked individual mitochondria, and increased the mitochondrial network size in both groups (P < 0.05). Mitochondrial fusion marker mitofusin 2 was significantly increased in myotubes from the lean subjects (P < 0.05) but reduced in subjects with severe obesity (P < 0.05). In contrast, fission marker dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1Ser616) was reduced in myotubes from subjects with severe obesity (P < 0.05) but remained unchanged in lean subjects. Reductions in DrpSer616 phosphorylation were correlated with improvements in insulin-stimulated AktSer473 phosphorylation after EPS (r = −0.679, P = 0.004).

Conclusions
Our data demonstrated that EPS induces more fused mitochondrial networks, which are associated with differential adaptations in mitochondrial dynamic processes in myotubes from lean humans and human with severe obesity. It also suggests that improved insulin signaling after muscle contractions may be linked to the reduction in Drp1 activity.