bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of pulsed laser ablation (PLA) for the size reduction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Authors: Gera Tamás , Nagy Eszter , Smausz Tamás , Budai Judit , Ajtai Tibor , Kun-Szabó Fruzsina , Homik Zsolt , Kopniczky Judit , Bozóki Zoltán , Szabó-Révész Piroska , Ambrus Rita , Hopp Béla 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe studied the application of pulsed laser ablation (PLA) for particle size reduction in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Grinding of the poorly water-soluble NSAID crystallites can considerably increase their solubility and bioavailability, thereby the necessary doses can be reduced significantly. We used tablets of ibuprofen, niflumic acid and meloxicam as targets. Nanosecond laser pulses were applied at various wavelengths (KrF excimer laser, λ = 248 nm, FWHM = 18 ns and Nd:YAG laser, λ1 = 532 nm/λ2 = 1064 nm, FWHM = 6 ns) and at various fluences. FTIR and Raman spectra showed that the chemical compositions of the drugs had not changed during ablation at 532 nm and 1064 nm laser wavelengths. The size distribution of the ablated products was established using two types of particle size analyzers (SMPS and OPC) having complementary measuring ranges. The mean size of the drug crystallites decreased from the initial 30–80 µm to the submicron to nanometer range. For a better understanding of the ablation mechanism we made several investigations (SEM, Ellipsometry, Fast photography) and some model calculations. We have established that PLA offers a chemical-free and simple method for the size reduction of poorly water-soluble drugs and a possible new way for pharmaceutical drug preformulation for nasal administration.
Tactile perception of randomly rough surfaces
Authors: Sahli Riad , Prot Aubin , Wang Anle , Müser Martin H. , Piovarči Michal , Didyk Piotr , Bennewitz Roland 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMost everyday surfaces are randomly rough and self-similar on sufficiently small scales. We investigated the tactile perception of randomly rough surfaces using 3D-printed samples, where the topographic structure and the statistical properties of scale-dependent roughness were varied independently. We found that the tactile perception of similarity between surfaces was dominated by the statistical micro-scale roughness rather than by their topographic resemblance. Participants were able to notice differences in the Hurst roughness exponent of 0.2, or a difference in surface curvature of 0.8 $$\hbox {mm}^{-1}$$

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for surfaces with curvatures between 1 and 3 $$\hbox {mm}^{-1}$$

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. In contrast, visual perception of similarity between color-coded images of the surface height was dominated by their topographic resemblance. We conclude that vibration cues from roughness at the length scale of the finger ridge distance distract the participants from including the topography into the judgement of similarity. The interaction between surface asperities and fingertip skin led to higher friction for higher micro-scale roughness. Individual friction data allowed us to construct a psychometric curve which relates similarity decisions to differences in friction. Participants noticed differences in the friction coefficient as small as 0.035 for samples with friction coefficients between 0.34 and 0.45.
Prospective observational study of the use of omeprazole and maropitant citrate in veterinary specialist care
Authors: McCormack Rachel , Olley Louise , Glanemann Barbara , Swann James W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe proton pump inhibitor omeprazole is administered to dogs with gastroduodenal ulceration or oesophagitis, whereas the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist maropitant citrate is licensed as an antiemetic drug. In people, omeprazole is overprescribed in hospitals, increasing the risk of adverse effects and imposing unnecessary costs in healthcare. To investigate the use of omeprazole and maropitant in our veterinary specialist hospital, we conducted a prospective observational study in its Medicine and Surgery wards, recording patient data and obtaining contemporaneous information from clinicians about their reasons for administering either drug. In doing so, we find omeprazole and maropitant are administered to a large proportion of dogs, including to many of those with no presenting signs suggestive of gastrointestinal disease. We find prescribing clinicians consider both drugs safe but often underestimate their financial cost. We find the stated reasons and objective predictors of administration of both drugs vary according to clinical setting but that these modalities yield concordant results. Reviewing the manner of administration and stated indications for use of both drugs, we find omeprazole is often administered outside dosing recommendations, and both drugs are frequently administered for aims that are unlikely to be achieved when considering their known biological effects in dogs. In conclusion, our work reveals probable overprescribing of omeprazole and maropitant citrate in hospitalised dogs, highlighting a need for initiatives to decrease inappropriate prescribing.
miR-19b targets pulmonary endothelial syndecan-1 following hemorrhagic shock
Authors: Wu Feng , Wang Jian-Ying , Chao Wei , Sims Carrie , Kozar Rosemary Ann 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHemorrhagic shock results in systemic injury to the endothelium contributing to post-shock morbidity and mortality. The mechanism involves syndecan-1, the backbone of the endothelial glycocalyx. We have shown in a rodent model that lung syndecan-1 mRNA is reduced following hemorrhage, whereas the molecular mechanism underlying the mRNA reduction is not clear. In this study, we present evidence that miR-19b targets syndecan-1 mRNA to downregulate its expression. Our results demonstrate that miR-19b was increased in hemorrhagic shock patients and in-vitro specifically bound to syndecan-1 mRNA and caused its degradation. Further, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), our in vitro hemorrhage model, increased miR-19b expression in human lung microvascular endothelial cells, leading to a decrease in syndecan-1 mRNA and protein. H/R insult and miR-19b mimic overexpression comparably exaggerated permeability and enhanced endothelial barrier breakdown. The detrimental role of miR-19b in inducing endothelial dysfunction was confirmed in vivo. Lungs from mice undergoing hemorrhagic shock exhibited a significant increase in miR-19b and a concomitant decrease in syndecan-1 mRNA. Pretreatment with miR-19b oligo inhibitor significantly decreased lung injury, inflammation, and permeability and improved hemodynamics. These findings suggest that inhibition of miR-19b may be a putative therapeutic avenue for mitigating post shock pulmonary endothelial dysfunction in hemorrhage shock.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Hearing Loss Self-Management Patient Education Materials: Development of the Caja de Instrumentos de Pérdida Auditiva
Authors: Arnold Michelle L. , Reichard Alexandra , Gutman Kalene , Westermann Laura , Sanchez Victoria 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate interventions contributes to unsatisfactory hearing health care service delivery and outcomes for Spanish-speaking persons from Hispanic/Latino background. To address this issue, our objective was to cross-culturally adapt a “Hearing Loss Toolkit for Self-Management” for use with Spanish-speaking adults seen in a clinical setting. In this clinical focus article, we describe a process for translation and cross-cultural adaptation of patient education materials based on current best practices guidelines.

Method
We utilized guidelines from the International Society for Pharmoeconomics Outcomes Research Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation, the World Health Organization, and the International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology to complete a comprehensive, systematic, cross-cultural adaptation process of the source materials. The adaptation stages included forward translation and reconciliation, back translation and review, field testing with representative end users from the target population, and finalization.

Results
We successfully cross-culturally adapted the source materials following best practice guidelines. The Spanish-language adaptation was deemed understandable, actionable, aesthetically pleasing, and culturally appropriate by a group of native Spanish speakers.

Conclusions
There is an unmet need for the development of hearing loss self-management materials that incorporate cultural and linguistic competence with best health literacy practices. High-quality cross-cultural adaptations that consider the intersection of culture, language, and health literacy are a positive step toward reducing barriers to hearing health care related to language access for U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults with hearing loss.
Lung Sonography in Obstetrics during COVID-19
Authors: Recker Florian , Weber Eva , Strizek Brigitte , Gembruch Ulrich , Seibel Armin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the current coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, certain patients are becoming seriously ill. Lung pathologies are common, and some patients even go on to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which requires intubation and artificial respiration of the critically ill patient. Imaging of the lung is absolutely necessary to obtain a diagnosis, assess the course of disease and for treatment. Particularly in gynecology and obstetrics (OBGYN), ultrasound scans of the lung can be a useful additional tool when caring for pregnant patients in the delivery room. As obstetricians use ultrasound imaging a lot in routine clinical practice, in the current pandemic setting, routine prenatal imaging screening could be expanded by the addition of ultrasound scans of the lung. Lung sonography can offer important additional information, particularly in obstetrics where the indications for radiation-emitting imaging are particularly restrictive. If there is a sonographic
suspicion of lung involvement, then, depending on the symptoms and the morphological extent of the ultrasound findings, it may be necessary to consider admitting the patient to hospital for close fetal and maternal monitoring.
Es ist mehr als nur Medizin erforderlich: Die Corona-Pandemie braucht komplexe Interventionen
Authors: Glaeske Gerd 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Monaten hat eine Autorengruppe 4 Thesenpapiere zur Corona-Pandemie publiziert 1, 2, 3, 4, in denen neben Themen wie Epidemiologe und Bürgerrechte auch Aspekte der zielgruppenspezifischen Prävention, insbesondere bei vulnerablen Gruppen, diskutiert werden. Dabei geht es vor allem um Kinder und Frauen, die während des Lockdowns Gewalt und massive Einschränkungen ihrer bisherigen Lebenssituation zu ertragen hatten. Insbesondere Kinder aus Familien oder einer Umgebung mit einem sozial schwachen Status wurden verstärkt benachteiligt, weil ihnen weniger Möglichkeiten zur Aufrechterhaltung ihrer gewohnten Kommunikation als während der Schul- oder Kindergartenzeiten angeboten wurden. Es müssen daher zielgruppenspezifische Präventionsmaßnahmen in Pandemiezeiten verstärkt werden.
On the accuracy of official Chinese crop production data: Evidence from biophysical indexes of net primary production
Authors: Liu Gengyuan , Wang Xueqi , Baiocchi Giovanni , Casazza Marco , Meng Fanxin , Cai Yanpeng , Hao Yan , Wu Feng , Yang Zhifeng 
Published: September 2020

Significance
With rapid economic growth and urbanization, there has been an increasing debate on food security and crop supplies in China. Grains have become central to China’s agriculture policy of ensuring food security mostly through domestic supply. Accurate production statistics are essential for research, monitoring, and planning. Recent increases in crop production reported by national statistics have come under increasing scrutiny. This paper provides an approach to validate Chinese official grain data, based on integrated socioecological indicators of terrestrial net primary production. This approach, grounded on agriculture’s biophysical spatially explicit constraints, provides a powerful means to check the plausibility of China’s grain production statistics at different administrative levels, generates insights about their discrepancies, and can contribute to improved crop production measurements.
The rise of COVID-19 cases is associated with support for world leaders
Authors: Yam Kai Chi , Jackson Joshua Conrad , Barnes Christopher M. , Lau Jenson , Qin Xin , Lee Hin Yeung 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Amid the present COVID-19 pandemic, we find that many citizens around the world “rally ‘round the flag” and increase their support for their respective political leaders. We observe these findings among countries that are culturally and geographically diverse, and even among leaders who are strongly disliked by citizens prior to the pandemic. Our findings could have important voting implications during or immediately after the pandemic. As an example, the Korean ruling party won the most seats in the house by any party since 1960 in an election held during the pandemic in April 2020. COVID-19 might thus serve as a catalyst to help some incumbent governments.
Experience-dependent plasticity in an innate social behavior is mediated by hypothalamic LTP
Authors: Stagkourakis Stefanos , Spigolon Giada , Liu Grace , Anderson David J. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Modification of instinctive behaviors occurs through experience, yet the mechanisms through which this happens have remained largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that potentiation of aggression, an innate behavior, can occur through repeated winning of aggressive encounters. Here, we show that synaptic plasticity at a specific excitatory input to a hypothalamic cell population is correlated with, and required for, the expression of increasingly higher levels of aggressive behavior following aggressive experience. We additionally show that the amplitude and persistence of long-term potentiation at this synapse are influenced by serum testosterone, administration of which can normalize individual differences in the expression of intermale aggression among genetically identical mice.
Deep learning of immune cell differentiation
Authors: Maslova Alexandra , Ramirez Ricardo N. , Ma Ke , Schmutz Hugo , Wang Chendi , Fox Curtis , Ng Bernard , Benoist Christophe , Mostafavi Sara ,   Immunological Genome Project
Published: September 2020

Significance
Applying artificial intelligence tools to a highly complex question of immunology, we show that a deep neural network can learn to predict the patterns of chromatin opening across 81 stem and differentiated cells across the immune system, solely from the DNA sequence of regulatory regions. It does so by discovering ab initio the binding motifs for known master regulators, along with some unknown ones, and their combinatorial operation. These predictions validated biochemically, and a mouse-trained neural network predicts human enhancer/promoter activity much better than sequence comparisons would. Beyond serving as a trove of testable functional frameworks, this work is important in showing how massively complex integrated questions of immunology can be handled with such tools.
Electric field measurements in a He:N2 nanosecond pulsed discharge with sub-ns time resolution
Authors: Lepikhin N D , Luggenhölscher D , Czarnetzki U 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The electric field in the He:N2 nanosecond atmospheric pressure plasma jet is studied using the electric-field induced second harmonic generation technique. It is shown that the calibration obtained with a DC voltage applied to the discharge cell may lead to incorrect results in the electric field measurements. It is proposed to use nanosecond high voltage pulses at low repetition rates for the calibration instead of a DC voltage. The temporal development of the electric field in the discharge at different distances from the cathode is measured with high temporal (100 ps) and spatial (50 µm) resolution. An electric field profile structure similar to the one in streamers or ionization fronts is observed. The velocity of the propagation of the falling edge of the ionization front is determined to be 0.85 × 106 m s−1. The validity of the local field approximation, important for modeling of these kind of discharges, is confirmed for the present conditions based on time and space derivatives of the measured electric field. The temporal evolution of the electron density is obtained by the measured electrical current and the time resolved electric field measurement combined with the electron mobility calculated with BOLSIG+.
Technical feasibility of magnetic resonance fingerprinting on a 1.5T MRI-linac
Authors: Bruijnen T , van der Heide O , Intven M P W , Mook S , Lagendijk J J W , van den Berg C A T , Tijssen R H N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Hybrid MRI-linac (MRL) systems enable daily multiparametric quantitative MRI to assess tumor response to radiotherapy. Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) may provide time efficient means of rapid multiparametric quantitative MRI. The accuracy of MRF, however, relies on adequate control over system imperfections, such as eddy currents and

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, which are different and not as well established on MRL systems compared to diagnostic systems. In this study we investigate the technical feasibility of gradient spoiled 2D MRF on a 1.5T MRL. We show with phantom experiments that the MRL generates reliable MRF signals that are temporally stable during the day and have good agreement with spin-echo reference measurements. Subsequent in-vivo MRF scans in healthy volunteers and a patient with a colorectal liver metastasis showed good image quality, where the quantitative values of selected organs corresponded with the values reported in literature. Therefore we conclude that gradient spoiled 2D MRF is feasible on a 1.5T MRL with similar performance as on a diagnostic system. The precision and accuracy of the parametric maps are sufficient for further investigation of the clinical utility of MRF for online quantitatively MRI-guided radiotherapy.
Boosting I/O and visualization for exascale era using Hercule: test case on RAMSES
Authors: Strafella Loic , Chapon Damien 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It has been clearly identified that I/O is one of the bottleneck to extend application for the exascale era. New concepts such as ‘in transit’ and ‘in situ’ visualization and analysis have been identified as key technologies to circumvent this particular issue. A new parallel I/O and data management library called Hercule, developed at CEA-DAM, has been integrated to Ramses, an AMR simulation code for self-gravitating fluids. Splitting the original Ramses output format in Hercule database formats dedicated to either checkpoints/restarts (HProt format) or post-processing (HDep format) not only improved I/O performance and scalability of the Ramses code but also introduced much more flexibility in the simulation outputs to help astrophysicists prepare their DMP (Data Management Plan). Furthermore, the very lightweight and purpose-specific post-processing format (HDep) will significantly improve the overall performance of analysis and visualization tools such as PyMSES 5. An introduction to the Hercule parallel I/O library as well as I/O benchmark results will be discussed.
Biocontrol actinomycetes better protects cell membranes in celery (apium graveolens l.) under freezing stress in the presence of fungal pathogen
Authors: Wang Lingna , Guo Qiao , Li Haiyang , Li Yulong , Lai Hangxian , Xue Quanhong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Beneficial microbes can mitigate biotic or abiotic stress-induced damage to plant cell membranes. Yet, little is known about the effects of actinomycetes on cell membrane permeability in plants under joint biotic and abiotic stresses. Herein, the effects of three biocontrol actinomycetes (Streptomyces pactum Act12, S. globisporus Act7, and S. globisporus subsp. globisporus C28) on cell membrane permeability in the leaves of celery (Apium graveolens L. cv. “Hanyusiji”) were evaluated under fungal pathogen (biotic) and freezing (abiotic) stresses by using electrical conductivity measurements. Our results showed that, under freezing stress, any of three fungal pathogens alone resulted in increased cell membrane permeability. Under the single stress of freezing, medium and high concentrations of C28 respectively reduced cell membrane permeability by 37.0% and 30.6%; Act7 exerted no significant effects, whereas high concentration of Act12 increased cell membrane permeability. Under the dual stresses of fungal pathogen and freezing, these protective effects of Act12, Act7, and C28 did not differ significantly. Nonetheless, these protective effects depended on the type of pathogen infection involved: the largest reduction in cell membrane permeability occurred in the presence of F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (46.4-69.2%) followed by A. alternate (17.4-51.8%), with F. sambucinum ranked lowest (8.8-35.5%). In conclusion, inoculating an appropriate concentration of actinomycetes can mitigate freezing-induced cell membrane injury in celery plants. Importantly, the actinomycete strains better protected the cell membrane against freezing injury under fungal pathogen stress, but this benefit depends on the adverse effects of pathogens on cell membrane permeability.
The thermal discharge retrieve and analysis of Hongyanhe district with Landsat-8 and GF-5 Image
Authors: Liu Yuanlin , Huang Shutao , Yi Piyuan , Wu Ding 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper based on the method of radiance transfer equation retrieved sea surface temperature (SST) of Hongyanhe district with the Landsat-8 and GF-5 Data. By the analysis of maximum value, average value and mean square deviation of the remote sensing image, this paper characterized the influence of thermal discharge water on the near coast region, discussed the uncertainty of remote sensing retrieve process. Furthermore demonstrated the advantages of GF-5 data in the application of SST monitoring.
Research on lightning numerical prediction
Authors: Guan Yiying , Wang Lianzhong , Yang Fan , Zhang Yang , Teng Hao , Zhao Guangna , Huijun Zhang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the numerical lightning prediction G model (abbreviated as LNP-G1) established by the cumulus electric field model breaks through the traditional statistical prediction model of experience plus linear extrapolation, and adopts the dynamic model based on the objective development law of cumulus cloud for the first time, thus realizing the lightning prediction in the real sense.It is certain that with the application of LNP-G in business, it will provide timely and advanced lightning objective numerical forecast for marine ships, aerospace, rocket launch, forest fire prevention and other industries, so as to avoid or reduce the major harm caused by lightning.