bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapeo electromagnético en el dominio de las frecuencias y uso de la tomografía de resistividad eléctrica en el sitio hispánico de San Carlos de Portobelo, Panamá
Authors: Mojica Alexis 
Published: May 2020

El estudio sobre la defensa militar de San Carlos de Portobelo, su arquitectura fortificada y las técnicas constructivas empleadas por los ingenieros militares españoles durante las últimas décadas del siglo XVII es una colaboración de la Universidad Católica Santa María la Antigua para la Dirección Nacional de Patrimonio Histórico del Ministerio de Cultura de Panamá. En la búsqueda de profundizar en el conocimiento del bien histórico ante la problemática del complejo de fortificaciones de Portobelo considerado actualmente: “Patrimonio Mundial en Peligro”, se solicitó a la Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá la realización de pruebas geofísicas puntualizadas en el sitio, con el interés de obtener información que contribuya a determinar características constructivas del sistema de estructuras murarias actuales e identificar la ubicación de posibles componentes arquitectónicos bajo tierra a ser analizados en una futura etapa de estudios arqueológicos.
En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una primera fase de prospección de tipo electromagnética en el dominio de las frecuencias y de resistividad eléctrica 2D en el sitio fortificado de San Carlos de Portobelo, provincia de Colón. Esta estructura de tipo hispánica constituye un sitio arquitectónico y arqueológico de gran interés debido a su trascendencia histórica, al no haberse concluido por la Corona Española. Las jornadas geofísicas fueron desarrolladas en dos zonas específicas: la Puerta de Tierra – entrada Sur de la ciudad – y en el Baluarte de San Pedro. En la primera zona, el mapa de conductividad eléctrica aparente obtenida con la configuración dipolar vertical (150 cm de rango de profundidad efectiva) no reveló anomalías ligadas a rasgos arqueológicos enterrados; sin embargo, el mapa obtenido en el rango de profundidad efectiva de 75 cm (configuración dipolar horizontal) presentó algunas anomalías de baja conductividad eléctrica (alta resistividad eléctrica) que podrían estar asociadas a posibles rasgos enterrados o suelo firme, con un bajo contenido de humedad. En esta misma zona, las tomografías de resistividad eléctrica 2D ofrecieron información valiosa referente a la profundidad de los muros que aun afloran en esta área circunscrita del sitio, y de igual forma, los cimientos ubicados en las entradas de la mencionada zona. Por su parte, en el Baluarte de San Pedro, se desarrollaron 3 tomografías de resistividad eléctrica obteniéndose información referente a la profundidad del muro; el resto de las anomalías de baja resistividad eléctrica se asocian a suelo con alto contenido de humedad.
Escenario internacional y desafíos a la democracia en Panamá
Authors: Guevara Mann Carlos 
Published: May 2020

Tres décadas atrás, a inicios de 1990, nuestro país daba los primeros pasos hacia la normalización política y económica. Se trataba reorganizar el desenvolvimiento de la vida nacional dentro del marco jurídico de la constitución de 1972, reiteradamente pisoteada por sus propios creadores.

La reconstrucción nacional que se intentaba en los primeros meses de 1990 era titánica. El país acababa de ser blanco de una acción armada extranjera, que estuvo acompañada por un vergonzoso saqueo.

Esa invasión fue el punto culminante de la aguda crisis política y económica que aquejó a la nación panameña en los dos años precedentes, la cual no pudo resolverse mediante la vía electoral, porque los militares en el poder y sus socios civiles desconocieron los resultados de la elección presidencial del 7 de mayo de 1989. Deseaban continuar al mando del país, como lo habían hecho durante 21 años, al frente de una dictadura que desarticuló las fundaciones republicanas y democráticas del Estado panameño; supeditó el Estado de derecho a los apetitos del tirano de turno; estranguló las libertades individuales; exacerbó la demagogia seudo nacionalista, la represión y el populismo para mantener su vigencia; e hizo lo posible por erradicar el civismo de la esfera pública, transformado a los panameños, de ciudadanos que éramos a la víspera del golpe militar, en suplicantes vasallos del déspota en el poder.
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ИНОЯЗЫЧНЫЙ ТЕКСТ КАК ЕДИНИЦА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В ВЕДОМСТВЕННОМ ВУЗЕ
Authors: Gorsheneva I.A. , Zaiceva S.E. , Medvedeva A.R. 
Published: May 2020

статья посвящена обучению профессионально-ориентированному чтению студентов юридических специальностей. Рассматриваются понятия профессионально-ориентированного чтения, анализируются виды чтения. Иноязычное чтение представлено как коммуникативно-познавательная деятельность. Разработаны стратегии и представлены примеры упражнений для обучения профессионально-ориентированному чтению.the article is devoted to teaching professional-oriented reading to law students. The concepts of professional-oriented reading are considered, the types of reading are analyzed. Foreign language reading is presented as a communicative and cognitive activity. Strategies are developed and examples of exercises for teaching professional-oriented reading are presented.
ТАМОЖЕННЫЕ ОРГАНЫ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РЕГИОНА
Authors: Fedorenko Roman 
Published: May 2020

В работе описаны возможности таможенного администрирования внешнеторговых товаропотоков с точки зрения обеспечения экономической безопасности региона.The author describes the possibilities of customs administration of foreign trade flows. The main topic is evaluation of the role of customs authorities in ensuring the regional economic security
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ МЕТОД ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ПОГРЕШНОСТИ ВЕЛИЧИНЫ ОТ РАЗМЕРА ВЕЛИЧИНЫ
Authors: Samsonenko Dmitriy , Khudoyarov Vadim 
Published: May 2020

В науке и технике вопрос определения погрешности измерения остается актуальным и в настоящее время. Известные эмпирические зависимости не дают четкого представления о характере изменения погрешности в зависимости от размера исследуемой величины. Настоящая статья посвящена установлению аналитической зависимости погрешности величины от ее размера.Nowadays the question of determining the dependency of the quantities’ deviation on the quantities’ magnitude is important for science and technology. Known empirical dependencies don’t give curtain understanding about this dependency. So in this paper the analytical dependency of the quantities’ deviation on the quantities’ magnitude is observed.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN GRATIS DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH DARUL IBAD AJUNG JEMBER
Authors: Mustikawati Ida , Jannah Miftahul 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi pendidikan gratis. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi.. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan gratis di MI Darul Ibad sesuai dengan Peraturan Bupati Jember Nomor 65 Tahun 2016 tentang Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Gratis di Kabupaten Jember telah terlaksana dengan baik. Hal ini terbukti dengan pemenuhan yang menjadi indikator kebijakan pendidikan gratis terdiri dari Ukuran dan Tujuan Kebijakan, Sumber-sumber kebijakan, Komunikasi antar Organisasi dan Kegiatan-Kegiatan Pelaksanaan, Karakteristik Badan-Badan Pelaksana, Kondisi-kondisi Ekonomi, Sosial, dan Politik. Kecenderungan Pelaksana (Implementator). Meskipun demikian masih ditemui dua indikator Kebijakan pendidikan gratis belum terimplementasi dengan baik, yaitu: (1) penyaluran dana tidak dilakukan sesuai dengan petunjuk teknis PPG dan mengalami keterlambatan pencairan dana; dan (2) kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat atau orang tua yang banyak beranggapan bahwa dana pendidikan gratis seluruhnya di tanggung pemerintah.
How Much Do Underestimated Field Strengths from Zeeman–Doppler Imaging Affect Spin-down Torque Estimates?
Authors: See Victor , Lehmann Lisa , Matt Sean P. , Finley Adam J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Numerous attempts to estimate the rate at which low-mass stars lose angular momentum over their lifetimes fill the literature. One approach is to use magnetic maps derived from Zeeman–Doppler imaging (ZDI) in conjunction with so-called “braking laws.” The use of ZDI maps has advantages over other methods because it allows information about the magnetic field geometry to be incorporated into the estimate. However, ZDI is known to underestimate photospheric field strengths due to flux cancellation effects. Recently, Lehmann et al. conducted synthetic ZDI reconstructions on a set of flux transport simulations to help quantify the amount by which ZDI underestimates the field strengths of relatively slowly rotating and weak activity solar-like stars. In this paper, we evaluate how underestimated angular momentum loss rate estimates based on ZDI maps may be. We find that they are relatively accurate for stars with strong magnetic fields but may be underestimated by a factor of up to ∼10 for stars with weak magnetic fields. Additionally, we re-evaluate our previous work that used ZDI maps to study the relative contributions of different magnetic field modes to angular momentum loss. We previously found that the dipole component dominates spin-down for most low-mass stars. This conclusion still holds true even in light of the work of Lehmann et al.
Spectroscopic and Asteroseismic Analysis of the Secondary Clump Red Giant HD 226808*
Authors: de Moura Bruno Lustosa , Beck Paul G. , Di Mauro Maria Pia , de Almeida Leandro , Duarte Tharcisyo S. S. , Coelho Hugo R. , da Costa Jefferson S. , Castro Matthieu , do Nascimento José-Dias 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In order to clarify the properties of the secondary clump star HD 226808 (KIC 5307747), we combined four years of data from Kepler space photometry with high-resolution spectroscopy of the High Efficiency and Resolution Mercator Échelle Spectrograph mounted on the Mercator telescope. The fundamental atmospheric parameters, radial velocities, rotation velocities, and elemental abundance for Fe and Li were determined by analyzing line strengths and fitting-line profiles, based on a 1D local thermodynamic equilibrium model atmosphere. Second, we analyzed a photometric light curve obtained by Kepler and we extracted asteroseismic data of this target using Lets Analysis, Use and Report of Asteroseismology, a new seismic tool developed for the study of evolved FGK solar-like stars. We determined the evolutionary status and effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, microturbulence, and chemical abundances for Li, Ti, Fe, and Ni for HD 226808, by employing spectroscopy, asteroseismic scaling relations, and evolutionary structure models built in order to match observed data. Our results also show that an accurate synergy between good spectroscopic analysis and asteroseismology can provide a jump toward understanding evolved stars.
Trapping of Cosmic Rays in MHD Turbulence
Authors: Xu Siyao , Lazarian Alex 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Astrophysical plasmas are turbulent and magnetized. The interaction between cosmic rays (CRs) and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is a fundamental astrophysical process. Based on the current understanding of MHD turbulence, we revisit the trapping of CRs by magnetic mirrors in the context of MHD turbulence. In compressible MHD turbulence, isotropic fast modes dominate both trapping and gyroresonant scattering of CRs. The presence of trapping significantly suppresses the pitch-angle scattering and the spatial diffusion of CRs along the magnetic field. The resulting parallel diffusion coefficient has a weaker dependence on CR energy at higher energies. In incompressible MHD turbulence, the trapping by pseudo-Alfvén modes dominates over the gyroresonant scattering by anisotropic Alfvén and pseudo-Alfvén modes at all pitch angles and prevents CRs from diffusion.
Radial Migration of Gap-opening Planets in Protoplanetary Disks. II. The Case of a Planet Pair
Authors: Kanagawa Kazuhiro D. , Szuszkiewicz Ewa 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
When two planets are born in a protoplanetary disk, they may enter into mean-motion resonance as a consequence of convergent planetary migration. The formation of mean-motion resonances is important for understanding how planetary systems are shaped in disk environments. Motivated by recent progress in the comprehension of the migration of partial gap-opening planets, we have investigated the orbital evolution of planet pairs in a wide range of masses and disk properties with the aim to find out when resonance capture is likely to happen. Using the formula for the migration timescale of a gap-opening planet developed in our previous work, we have derived a simple criterion that allows us to predict when the migration will be convergent (divergent). Further, we have verified the criterion using two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. We have found that the resonant pair of planets formed at the early phase of evolution can depart from resonance at later times because the migration speed of the outer planet slows down due to gap formation. Moreover, adopting our formula for the migration timescale, we have also carried out three-body simulations, which confirm the results of hydrodynamic simulations. Finally, we have compared our predictions with observations, selecting a sample of known two-planet systems.
An exploration of disease awareness among tuberculosis patients: The empirical link between attitude and self-preventive care
Authors: Mokhtar Khairiah Salwa , Rahman Nurulhasanah Abdul , Haron Mahmod Sabri , Rahman Nur Hairani Abd 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) remains alarmingly high in developing countries, including Malaysia. Recognised as the leading global infectious disease, untreated TB can be fatal. TB is easily spread through the air, and any close contact with a TB patient can put others at risk. This study therefore aimed to investigate the level of awareness of TB among TB patients and how their attitudes affect self-preventive healthcare.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated self-administered questionnaire at 18 hospitals in six states of Malaysia, namely, Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Penang, Kelantan, Sabah, and Sarawak in 2015. The study sample comprised 1600 TB patients who were randomly selected using data obtained from the Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia. A total of 1368 of the completed questionnaires were considered usable and included in the statistical analysis.
Results: Overall, the level of TB awareness was found to be high, and the respondents possessed positive attitudes towards TB and health-seeking behaviours. Self-preventive care among the TB patients was determined as being at a moderate level. With regard to contact with others, the patients were more comfortable around their families than their friends and neighbours.
Conclusions: More health education programmes are recommended to cultivate positive attitudes towards TB, to encourage communities to have a better understanding of TB, and to create awareness among patients of the proper ways to practice self-preventive care.
Assessment of STI screening in Romania using a multiplex PCR technique
Authors: Grad Alecsandra Iulia , Vica Mihaela Laura , Ungureanu Loredana , Siserman Costel Vasile , Tătaru Alexandru Dumitru , Matei Horea Vladi 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Most sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are curable, but inappropriate treatment can lead to serious complications. The importance of setting up STI screening programs has been highlighted in various studies, the absence of such national programs accounting for the lack of STI statistics in Romania. The purpose of our study was to evaluate multiplex PCR as a screening method for the most common 6 STIs and establish their frequency in a group of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. We aimed to highlight STI associations and correlations between STI pathogens and symptomatology, demographic status, antecedents or sexual partners.
Methodology: A total of 249 patients, both symptomatic and asymptomatic, were included in this study. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseia gonorrhoeae (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), Mycoplasma hominis (MH) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) were all identified in urine samples via multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The SPSS IBM program was employed for statistical analysis.
Results: 32.12% of the patients were found positive, some presenting multiple infections. The results are representative for the Romanian male population. 107 STI pathogens were identified, most frequent being CT, UU and NG. Several statistical correlations between patient characteristics and the presence of STIs have been demonstrated.
Conclusions: The results suggest that multiplex PCR meets all the prerequisites for a screening method, allowing the use of multiple specimens and enabling simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens in a short period of time. STI identification via multiplex PCR proved to be an effective method for quantifying their frequency in Romania.
Use of ovitraps for the seasonal and spatial monitoring of Aedes spp. in an area endemic for arboviruses in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Noleto João Victor , Moura do Nascimento Moraes Hevilem Letícia , De Moura Lima Tamires , Mendes Rodrigues João Gustavo , Tavares Cardoso Diogo , Chaves Lima Kalyl , Soares de Souza Melo Richardson , Miranda Guilherme Silva 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Due to recent outbreaks of Dengue and Chikungunya and an absence of effective monitoring of the mosquito Aedes spp. in the municipality of São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, State of Maranhão, we aimed to demonstrate the potential of ovitraps used together with mathematical models and geotechnology to improve control of this mosquito.
Methodology: From January to December of 2017, ovitraps were set up in five different neighborhoods (Centro, Vila Cardoso, Nazaré, São José e São Francisco). Positivity indices were calculated for each ovitraps, besides the egg density and average number of eggs. Some of the eggs were used for species identification. Mathematical models of correlation and logistic regression were used to evaluate the influence of abiotic factors on egg distribution during each month. Spatial analysis was carried out using georeferencing.
Results: A total of 4,453 eggs were counted, with A. aegypti and A. albopictus present in each month and neighborhood. The mathematical models show that rainfall can result in a significant increase in the number of eggs. Entomological calculation indicates that there is a high risk of dissemination of arboviruses in the area. Spatially, it was possible to indicate sites with the largest number of collected eggs, which may facilitate future interventions.
Conclusions: As such, ovitraps have proven to be an effective and low cost method for the monitoring of Aedes spp., and that its use may help in arboviruses prevention campaigns.
Deep reef ecosystems of the Western Indian Ocean: addressing the great unknown
Authors: Stefanoudis Paris , Talma Sheena , Samimi-Namin Kaveh , Woodall Lucy 
Published: May 2020

Indian Ocean coral reef ecosystems are some of the least explored, least funded and least protected worldwide. "First Descent: Indian Ocean" represents a series of research expeditions undertaken by Nekton between 2018-2022 in partnership with Governments in the Indian Ocean region to contribute to establishing a baseline of marine life and catalyse 30% protection by 2030. Two recent expeditions, the 2018 WILDOCEANS/ACEP Comoros Mesophotic Biodiversity Expedition (led by WILDTRUST), and the 2019 First Descent: Seychelles (led by Nekton Foundation) systematically surveyed deeper reef ecosystems in those areas, resulting in collections of biological meterial and underwater footage.
In August 2019, taxonomic experts from across the globe, attended a workshop in order to identify the collected material and provide a first snapshot of the diversity of the surveyed habitats. Part of the workshop also focused on providing taxonomic training to host nation scientists and early career researchers.
This document is a report on the proceedings and some of the first outcomes of this workshop.
« Keep calm and Drink Tea » : comprendre les préférences alimentaires des consommateurs anglo-saxons en France
Authors: Lichy Jessica , Kachour Maher , Pon Kévin 
Published: May 2020

Le discours actuel sur le marketing – y compris les notions de village mondial et de sous-cultures internationales – nous porterait à croire que les consommateurs achètent et consomment une abondance de produits provenant de différents pays. Les produits alimentaires similaires peuvent désormais être achetés presque partout dans le monde grâce à l’expansion mondiale des marchés alimentaires et aux efforts de commercialisation transnationaux. Au fur et à mesure que le commerce devient de plus en plus international et interculturel, une compréhension tacite de la façon dont le pays d’origine ( country-of-origin ou « COO ») peut influencer le comportement des consommateurs sera fondamentale pour les détaillants, les gestionnaires et les chercheurs en comportement du consommateur. L’un des principaux objectifs de cette étude est d’examiner deux types d’immigrants (expatriés et immigrants auto-initiés ), afin de mieux comprendre l’effet de produits alimentaires COO lors des achats d’épicerie. L’accent est mis sur les immigrants de langue maternelle anglaise vivant dans la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, dans le sud-est de la France. En s’inspirant de la littérature sur l’acculturation et la mobilité internationale, l’enquête emploie des méthodes quantitatives pour étudier la mesure dans laquelle des facteurs spécifiques tels que le prix, le sexe, l’âge et la durée de résidence dans un pays étranger peuvent influencer le choix du consommateur lorsqu’il achète ces produits à l’épicerie. Les résultats suggèrent qu’il y a une forte demande de produits alimentaires COO, parmi la population immigrée, et qu’ils sont prêts à payer des prix gonflés pour les marchandises importées de leur pays d’origine.
Des Sablons à Pierrefitte, du Musée aux Archives
Authors: Riviale Pascal 
Published: May 2020

Cet article décrit l’opération d’envergure qui a conduit, entre 2012 et 2013, au versement des archives du Musée national des Arts et Traditions populaires aux Archives Nationales mais aussi au Mucem à Marseille : quels ont été les critères de « partage » des fonds, la mise en place du « chantier des archives », quels volumes ont été traités, quelle a été la temporalité des opérations de versement. L’auteur entend ainsi répondre directement aux interrogations du public sur ce que sont devenus ces fonds essentiels relatifs à l’ethnomusicologie de la France et aujourd’hui comme hier considérés comme une source de renouveau des musiques traditionnelles.