bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wie Hund und Katz – Wenn das Konstitutionsmittel zum Rettungsschirm wird …
Authors: Bitsch Manuela 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungKonstitutionsmittel modulieren die Reaktionsweisen auf innere und äußere Belastungen, sie setzen quasi die Reizschwelle herauf. Im Falle von Hund und Katze, die ein ernsthaftes Problem im Umgang miteinander haben, kann dadurch ein Zusammenleben in gegenseitiger Toleranz erreicht werden. Im hier vorgestellten Fall brauchten beide Tiere, obwohl diese nicht unterschiedlicher sein könnten, das gleiche Mittel. Dies ist unter anderem dadurch zu erklären, dass es bei vielen Konstitutionsmitteln große Unterschiede zwischen dem jungen und dem alten Typus gibt. Ein Grundmuster ist vorhanden, doch man übersieht es nur allzu leicht.
Großflächige Verbrennung – Wenn ein komplexer Akutfall ganzheitlich behandelt wird …
Authors: Bitsch Manuela 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungTrotz großflächiger Verbrennung und lokaler Wundinfektion durch Methicillin resistente Staphylokokken (MRSA) zeigte Maja einen überraschend guten Heilungsverlauf bei weitestgehend ungestörtem Allgemeinbefinden. Dies wäre ohne den ganzheitlichen Behandlungsansatz, der schul- und alternativmedizinische Methoden beinhaltete, so nicht möglich gewesen. Im Hinblick auf die Wahl der Homöopathika hat sich gezeigt, dass bei komplexen oder schwerwiegenden Erkrankungen ein Mittelwechsel erforderlich sein kann. Die vorherige Behandlung mit einem Konstitutionsmittel erwies sich für Maja als glücklicher Zufall, da ihr Körper sich dadurch deutlich besser mit dem schweren Trauma auseinandersetzen konnte.
Nutzbarkeit digitaler Anamnesehilfen für nicht-deutschsprachige Patienten in der allgemeinärztlichen Sprechstunde
Authors: Kleinert Evelyn , Müller Frank , Kruse Stefan , Furaijat Ghefar , Simmenroth Anne 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Im Forschungsprojekt DICTUM-Friedland wurde eine Anamnese-App, welche die häufigsten allgemeinmedizinischen Beschwerden und Risikofaktoren in 13 Sprachen bzw. Dialekten erfragt und anschließend eine deutsche Zusammenfassung (Synopse) erzeugt, in einer Erstaufnahmeeinrichtung für Geflüchtete implementiert. Anschließend wurde die Bedienbarkeit und die inhaltliche Plausibilität der App evaluiert um sie für einen Einsatz in einem breiteren allgemeinmedizinischen Setting zu testen und zu optimieren.
Methodik Von Mai bis Dezember 2018 wurde die App im Wartezimmer der allgemeinmedizinischen Sprechstunde im Grenzdurchgangslager Friedland in Südniedersachsen getestet. Die Bedienbarkeit der App wurde mithilfe eines kurzen digitalen Fragebogens direkt nach der App-Nutzung erfragt. Soziodemografische Daten wurden z.T. mit demselben Fragebogen erfasst und z.T. aus Patientenunterlagen extrahiert. Die Plausibilität wurde anhand der Übereinstimmung von eingegebenen Beschwerden (ICPC-2) und ärztlicher Diagnose (ICD-10) überprüft.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurde die App 353 Mal verwendet, wovon 283 Anamneseerhebungen abgeschlossen wurden. Die Eingabe der Beschwerden dauerte im Median 10:27 Minuten. Die Verwendung der Audio-Ausgabe (60% der Nutzenden) beeinflusste die Nutzungsdauer nicht. Größtenteils wurde die App als gut bedienbar (76%) eingeschätzt und 65% der Nutzenden gaben an, ihre wesentlichen Beschwerden eingeben zu können. Beide Einschätzungen waren unabhängig vom Alter und vom Geschlecht der Nutzenden, jedoch hatte der Bildungsstand einen leicht positiven Einfluss auf die Bedienbarkeit. Der Plausibilitätstest ergab, dass 51% (N=144) der Synopsen vollständig und 28% (N=79) der Synopsen teilweise mit den ärztlichen Diagnosen übereinstimmten.
Schlussfolgerung Die systematisierte Abfrage häufiger allgemeinmedizinischer Beschwerden ermöglicht eine genauere Anamneseerhebung bei Erkrankten, mit denen ein übliches Anamnesegespräch aufgrund sprachlicher Barrieren nicht möglich ist. Somit dient sie als Unterstützung für das ärztliche Anamnesegespräch. Die App ist leicht bedienbar und im Vergleich zu online verfügbaren maschinellen Übersetzungen nicht anfällig für Übersetzungsfehler.
Mitarbeiterinfektionsschutz in Zeiten der Coronavirus-Pandemie: Die
akute Implementierung von telemedizinischen Mitarbeiterkonferenzen „von
Null auf Hundert“
Authors: König Tatjana Tamara , Lenz Anna-Franziska , Goedeke Jan , Muensterer Oliver J. 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die geltenden verschärften Hygieneempfehlungen
des Robert-Koch-Instituts zur Eindämmung der Ausbreitung des Coronavirus
mit Versammlungsverbot und Mindestabstand sind im innerklinischen Alltag nicht
umsetzbar. Zur Minimierung von persönlichen Kontakten wurden die
internen Arztkonferenzen auf ein Videokonferenzformat
umgestellt.
Methodik Innerhalb 24 Stunden wurde unter Anschaffung von
Standard-Webcams, Auswahl eines lizenzierten Videoanbieters und Ausnutzen der
bereits vorhandenen technischen Geräte die allgemeine Hygienerichtlinie
für unsere Mitarbeiter umgesetzt. Häufige Fehlerquellen im
Rahmen der Videokonferenz wurden protokolliert und technische Lösungen
erarbeitet.
Ergebnisse Die Videokonferenz ermöglichte die
adäquate Patientenversorgung und Aufrechterhaltung der gewohnten
organisatorischen Abläufe. In 4 Wochen konnten 956 persönliche
Kontakte vermieden werden. Die meisten Fehler traten im Rahmen der ersten
Teilnahme einer Person oder Erstanmeldung eines Gerätes auf. Die
häufigsten Fehler betrafen die Tonqualität und konnten umgangen
werden, indem nur an der Diskussion beteiligte Teilnehmer ihr Mikrofon
für die Sprechdauer
aktivierten.
Schlussfolgerung Mitarbeiterkonferenzen im Videoformat
können mit geringem personellem und technischem Aufwand etabliert
werden, um der Ausbreitung des Coronavirus unter medizinischem Personal
entgegenzuwirken.
Eyelid Complications Associated with Surgery for Periocular Cutaneous Malignancies
Authors: Carniciu Anaïs L. , Jovanovic Nina , Kahana Alon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPeriocular skin is highly prone to malignancies, especially basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. Because of the complex anatomy and eye-protecting functions of the periocular tissues, treatment of these cancers requires special considerations. Mohs micrographic surgery is usually the treatment of choice, whenever possible, in order to enhance margin control while limiting collateral damage to nearby normal structures. Cancer excision, whether by Mohs or other techniques, will leave a complex defect that requires careful anatomical and functional reconstruction. This study presents some of the challenges of treating periocular skin cancer and associated reconstructive surgery and provides an intellectual framework for addressing these challenges. The key topics are adherence to anatomical landmarks and aesthetic units, proper distribution of tension, and matching the correct reconstructive approach, that is, type of flap or graft, to the defect at hand. This review is not meant to be exhaustive, but it will provide both basic and advanced considerations.
Molecular basis of COVID-19 pathogenesis
Authors: Novikov Fedor N. , Stroylov Viktor S. , Svitanko Igor V. , Nebolsin Vladimir E. 
Published: May 2020

The review summarizes the publications, available at the time it was written, addressing the chemical and biological processes that occur in the human body upon exposure to coronaviruses, in particular SARS-CoV-2. The mechanisms of viral particle entry into the cell, viral replication and impact on the immune system and on oxygen transport system are considered. The causes behind complications of the viral infection, such as vasculitis, thrombosis, cytokine storm and lung fibrosis, are discussed. The latest research in the field of small molecule medications to counteract the virus is surveyed. Molecular targets and possible vectors to exploit them are considered. The review is primarily written for specialists who want to understand the chains of activation, replication, action and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2. Due to the short period of such studies, the data on complexes of small molecule compounds with possible protein targets are not numerous, but they will be useful in the search and synthesis of new potentially effective drugs.
The bibliography includes 144 references.
Kinetics of pHLIP peptide insertion into and exit from a membrane
Authors: Slaybaugh Gregory , Weerakkody Dhammika , Engelman Donald M. , Andreev Oleg A. , Reshetnyak Yana K. 
Published: May 2020

Significance
The process of peptide insertion across a membrane is of fundamental interest. Obtained in this study’s results, combined with our recent constant-pH molecular dynamics simulations and kinetics experiments with liposomes of different bilayer thicknesses, allowed us to complete a generalized model of the insertion/exit and folding/unfolding of polypeptides of the pHLIP family and expand the general view of peptide conformations and dynamic excursions of the bilayer that can accompany interactions with peptides. In addition to fundamental significance, pH-dependent pHLIP insertion into membranes of acidic cells within diseased tissues finds wide application in medicine for targeted delivery of imaging and therapeutic agents.
Lumefantrine, an antimalarial drug, reverses radiation and temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma
Authors: Rajesh Yetirajam , Biswas Angana , Kumar Utkarsh , Banerjee Indranil , Das Subhayan , Maji Santanu , Das Swadesh K. , Emdad Luni , Cavenee Webster K. , Mandal Mahitosh , Fisher Paul B. 
Published: May 2020

Significance
No current therapies prevent recurrence in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) are important processes regulating GBM progression and acquisition of radiation and temozolomide (radio/TMZ) resistance. Fli-1 choreographs ECM remodeling and EMT in GBM via transcriptional regulation of HSPB1. Lumefantrine, an antimalarial drug, inhibits the transcriptional activities of Fli-1 and its downstream targets HSPB1, ECM remodeling, and EMT. Lumefantrine is selectively cytotoxic and promotes apoptosis in GBM and reverses radio/TMZ resistance in GBM. This drug can easily be repurposed for management of GBM. Identification of drugs like lumefantrine from FDA-approved therapeutic agents and uncommon sources provides opportunities to broaden the breadth and versatility of current therapeutic regimens for GBM.
Tenofovir prodrugs potently inhibit Epstein–Barr virus lytic DNA replication by targeting the viral DNA polymerase
Authors: Drosu Natalia C. , Edelman Elazer R. , Housman David E. 
Published: May 2020

Significance
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated diseases represent a major cause of morbidity worldwide, accounting for at least 1.5% of the global cancer burden, and contributing to autoimmunity. Viral reactivation from latency is associated with an increased risk of EBV-driven cancers, and thus may be a target for disease prevention. Anti-EBV agents that are safe, effective, and suitable for continuous long-term treatment are needed to address questions of whether suppression of lytic reactivation can reduce the incidence of EBV-associated diseases. Here we report that tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and tenofovir alafenamide, drugs with excellent safety profiles used for HIV prophylaxis, are potent inhibitors of EBV. This study identifies compounds that enable clinical investigations of antiviral therapy for EBV in efforts toward disease prevention.
Reading scientific translations in the first half of sixteenth-century Europe
through Hernando Colón’s library
Authors: Sumillera Rocío G. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The humanist Hernando Colón (1488–1539),
second son to Christopher Columbus, has been acknowledged as one of the greatest
collectors of manuscripts and printed works of sixteenth-century Europe. Hernando
acquired all kinds of works (from cheap pamphlets to expensive illustrated volumes),
in a variety of European cities (from London to Seville, from Rome to Nuremberg),
written in various languages (Latin, Spanish, French, Italian, German,
Greek, Catalan), and dealing with topics ranging from theology and law, to cartography and
astrology charts. This chapter examines the translated scientific texts in
Hernando’s library to shed light on a number of determining factors that can account
for the fortunes of the dissemination of scientific literature in translation,
including the cities where these translated texts were published and purchased, and
issues such as language combinations, translators and printers.
Translating the Iron Curtain
Authors: Ottersbach Simon 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This chapter, taking as a case study Radio Free Europe (RFE), demonstrates the potential of studying from a translational perspective the Cultural Cold War with its many forms of cultural and scientific contacts, both within, but also between the two blocs. As an international radio broadcaster from Munich to Central and Eastern Europe, RFE was an intermediator between ‘East’ and ‘West’. RFE had to translate the perceived reality of an Iron Curtain for audiences on both sides of this curtain, with each audience requiring individualised translations of the Cold War’s bipolarity. Thus, looking at the Cultural Cold War from a translational perspective will help us to further deconstruct the Cold War’s bipolar separation and help uncover the many transsystemic interactions.
The Latin translation of Philosophical Transactions
(1671–1681)
Authors: Toribio Pablo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
“The story of the Latin edition of the
early volumes [of Philosophical Transactions] is a complex one and
not easy to reconstruct” (Kronick
2004: 165). The lengthiest available account (Johns 1998: 514–521) is based on the edition of the
Oldenburg-Sand correspondence by Hall and Hall
(1973–1977). This chapter engages with the primary texts involved and
provides a substantially revised account of the Neo-Latin translation of
Philosophical Transactions, challenging previous assumptions and
also revealing for the first time the presence of theologically heterodox
material.
Energetic visions
Authors: Leber Christoffer 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the aftermath of the revolutions of
1848, anticlerical and freethought organisations had evolved a powerful opposition
to the Church and generally to conservatism in Europe. Amongst these organisations, the
German Monist League (founded in 1906) became one of the main representatives of secularism in
Wilhelmine Germany. The League not only opposed the Christian
churches, but also popularised a scientific worldview which sought to unite the
material and spiritual worlds. Monist thinkers translated scientific knowledge into
a popular language, transferring it to new domains of knowledge, such as ethics,
politics, gender, sexuality, law and education. This chapter argues that Monist thinkers
used scientific knowledge as a way to essentialise and
legitimise their ethical and educational reform goals. By doing
so, they transformed scientific knowledge itself.
An (imagined) community
Authors: Savelieva Irina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Conducted from 1996 to 2002, the project Translation Literature in the Social Sciences changed the face of post-Soviet Russian academia. Not only did it result in the translation of more than 400 key publications in human and social sciences, but it also created a community of scholars and translators specialising in social sciences and humanities, many of whom have continued shaping the Russian academic landscape until today. This chapter discusses the aims, scope and results of the translation project, as well as the ramifications that it had for contemporary academia. Particular attention is paid to the transformation and changing praxis of translations from Soviet to post-Soviet Russia.
From Textbook Pluralism to Modern Hyperpluralism
Authors: Cameron Charles M. , Gray Cody , Kastellec Jonathan P. , Park Jee-Kwang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe examine interest group involvement in Supreme Court nominations from 1930 to 2017, finding dramatic shifts in the number and type of groups, as well as their choice of tactics. Whereas the early period was dominated by labor unions, “core” civil rights groups, and groups affiliated with the “old right,” the modern period is dominated by public interest/citizen groups and “identity” groups. We also find a shift from more traditional “inside” tactics to the heavy use of “outside/grassroots” mobilization tactics. Finally, we show that the calculus of mobilization has increasingly been based on a nominee’s ideology over time.
High-frame-rate volume imaging using sparse-random-aperture compounding
Authors: Bernal Miguel , Cunitz Bryan , Rohrbach Daniel , Daigle Ron 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
High-frame-rate volume imaging (HFR-VI) aims to provide high-quality images with high-temporal information. Despite its potential, HFR-VI translation into clinical applications has been challenging due to the high cost of the equipment required to drive matrix probes with a large number of elements. The goal of this study is to introduce and test sparse-random-aperture compounding (SRAC), a technique that allows use of matrix probes with an ultrasound system that has fewer channels while maintaining high frame rates.
Four scanning methods were implemented with a 256-channel system using a 4-to-1 multiplexer and a 3 MHz matrix probe with 1024 elements. These methods used three types of waves, either single-diverging waves (SDW), multiplane-diverging waves (MDW) or wide beams (WB); and were driven using one to four SRAC. All methods were also implemented in a 1024-channel multisystem. The main-lobe-to-side-lobe ratio (MLSLR) and the contrast ratio (CR) were studied using a string phantom and a CIRS phantom, respectively.
The results showed an increase in the MLSLR and CR as a function of the number of SRAC. The multisystem provided the best results for the MLSLR. However, four SRAC outperformed the multisystem with respect to CR. The method using SDW provided the highest frame rates (i.e. 1875 and 7500 Hz for four and one SRAC, respectively), however it provided the lowest image quality. The two methods using MDWs showed a good compromise between image quality and frame rate (i.e. 187 to 750 Hz for four and one SRAC). WB provided the best image quality at the expense of frame rate (i.e. 18 to 75 Hz for four and one SRAC).
Our results suggest that SRAC in combination with the tested scanning methods can provide a low-channel count alternative for HFR-VI systems and allows a tunable tradeoff between image quality and frame rate guided by the desired application.
A novel OFDR-based distributed optical fiber sensing tape: design, optimization, calibration and application
Authors: You Runzhou , Ren Liang , Song Gangbing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The significance of implementing structural health monitoring (SHM) system for civil engineering, especially infrastructure engineering, has been recognized. Distributed optical fiber sensor (DOFS) based on optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR) offers an attractive technique for in situ strain measurement due to its high resolution and high precision. However, a main challenge that naturally arises is how to guarantee sensors survival in harsh construction and service environments. In this paper, a new, but simple, packaging technique is proposed to solve this issue. The novel sensing tape is fabricated by embedding DOFS into two fiberglass tapes and its strain transfer mechanism is analyzed in detail to provide scientific criteria for the choice of the material parameters. Then, a calibration test is carried out to evaluate the performance of the sensing tape in distributed strain measurement. Finally, the tape sensor is applied to the surface strain monitoring of the reinforced concrete (RC) beam tested in three-point bending. Experimental results verify that the sensing tape works well on concrete materials and the strain measured has the capability to reveal and localize cracks. Both analytical and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed packaging technique is feasible and effective.
Investigation of nitrogen enriched silicon for particle detectors
Authors: Hönig J.C. , Baselga M. , Vignali M. Centis , Diehl L. , Dierlamm A. , Fretwurst E. , Kaminski P. , Moll M. , Moos F. , Mori R. , Parzefall U. , Pellegrini G. , Rafí J.M. , Schwandt J. , Wiik-Fuchs L. 
Published: May 2020

This article explores the viability of nitrogen enriched silicon for particle physics application. For that purpose silicon diodes and strip sensors were produced using high resistivity float zone silicon, diffusion oxygenated float zone silicon, nitrogen enriched float zone silicon and magnetic Czochralski silicon. The article features comparative studies using secondary ion mass spectrometry, electrical characterization, edge transient current technique, source and thermally stimulated current spectroscopy measurements on sensors that were irradiated up to a fluence of 1015 neq/cm2. Irradiations were performed with 23 MeV protons at the facilities in Karlsruhe (KIT), with 24 GeV/c protons at CERN (PS-IRRAD) and neutrons at the research reactor in Ljubljana. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements give evidence for nitrogen loss after processing, which makes gaining from nitrogen enrichment difficult.