bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Analysis of Multi-pass Cold Spinning of Superalloy of Cylindrical Part
Authors: Li Z X , Shu X D , Ye B H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In view of the poor plasticity and easy cracking of superalloy at room temperature, the multi-pass cold spinning of cylindrical part was studied. Firstly, the tensile test of superalloy GH3030 is carried out, and the true stress-strain curve is obtained. Then, the numerical models of 250 and 87.5 diameter-thickness ratio blank are established, and the stress and strain field, wall thickness distribution and tool force distribution of the cylindrical part are analyzed and compared. The wrinkle model of 250 diameter-thickness ratio blank was analyzed, and the experiment of 87.5 diameter-thickness ratio blank was carried out. The results show that the wall thickness of the cylindrical part has metal accumulation at the flange, and the thickness of the waist is very small, which is easy to crack under the repeated forming of the roller; the wall thickness distribution of the large diameter-thickness cylindrical part is more uniform, but it has a great challenge to the equipment force and the equipment stiffness. The main reason for the flange wrinkle is staggered distribution of the tangential tensile and compressive stress of the whole flange.
Study on the Mechanical Properties of 125S Casing for oil and gas wells
Authors: Qi Lou , Wei Du , Xinli Han , Wenhong Liu , Huan Song 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the process of evaluating the quality of a batch of 125S casing for oil and gas wells, it was found that the mechanical properties of different casing bodies in the same batch were significantly different, and the fluctuation range of yield strength was up to 60 MPa. The steel pipe with the lowest yield strength was not satisfied according to the technical standards. In order to study the causes of the uneven tensile properties, the chemical composition analysis, tensile tests, Charpy impact tests, Rockwell hardness tests and metallographic analysis were investigated for the two casings of this batch. Through the analysis of the test results, it is found that the chemical composition and metallographic structure of this batch of casing were conforming to with the design requirements, and the materials possessed high toughness. The problem of non-uniform performance of this batch casing was generated from the heat treatment stage during the production process. The excessive tempering temperature caused the reduction of material strength.
Investigation on the adhesion improvement of organic coatings on the surface of hot-dip galvanized steel
Authors: Zhu L Z , Liang Y J , Yang J H , Chen X 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of poor adhesion of organic coatings on the surface of hot-dip galvanizing, we conducted a series of experiments to select the suitable pre-treatment method and type of the coatings. We adopted temperature shock & alternating damp heat combined test and waterproof test to simulate the service conditions, and investigated the adhesion of organic coating on the surface of hot-dip galvanizing in the wet environment. With the XPS analysis, we discussed the avoidance of formation of weak boundary layer on the hot-dip galvanizing surface by pre-treatment, and the improvement on adhesion of the organic coatings. We also proposed the pre-treatment method of coupling treatment with silane or combined alkali washing & grinding procedures, by which the organic coating on the hot-dip galvanizing surface performed excellent adhesion and water proof ability against wet conditions.
Study of surface metallization on the electromagnetic shielding performance of carbon fiber reinforced composite
Authors: Wu L Q , Chen X , Zhu L Z 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In order to improve the electromagnetic shielding performance of CFRP structures, a series of CFRP samples were surface metallized with combined chemical then electrochemical plating, coating conducting paints and metal spraying of aluminium, respectively. The shielding performances with different surface metallization methods were compared, and the investigation of thickness of metallization layer and the composites was carried out, which showed that the increase in thickness of metallization layers and the composites contributed to the increase of shielding performance. As a result, we have found a superior improvement on shielding performance with surface metalized in nickel plating comparing with metal spraying, which could substitute the commonly used method of metal spraying with aluminium.
The failure mechanism of a selective laser melting Nickel-based superalloy at high-temperature
Authors: Guo Xiaojun , Ling Huixiang , Huang Xiaozhong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) processed Inconel 625 exhibits outstanding mechanical properties, compared with the conventionally manufactured counterparts, and has been widely used in aeronautic and aerospace engineering. In this study, the fracture mechanism of SLM-processed Inconel 625 in different building directions was systematically characterized and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results reveal that the HIP treatments have a significant influence on the deformation and rupture behavior of the SLM-processed Inconel 625.
Study on antifreeze Properties and pore structure of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Jun LIU , Shuo ZHAO , Runqing LIU 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We designed basalt fiber concrete with a volume content of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%. Through the mass loss rate and dynamic modulus loss rate after different freezing-thawing cycles, the antifreeze performance of concrete was tested. As the internal capillary pores of concrete are the main channel for corrosive medium and other harmful substances to invade the internal concrete, the durability of concrete is closely related to the internal pore structure. The microstructure and pore structure of basalt fiber concrete were tested by sem and Mercury Injection Apparatus, so as to analyze the microstructure of the interface between fiber and cement and discuss the strengthening mechanism of basalt fiber concrete. The results indicate that the basalt fiber can improve the freeze-thaw cycle of concrete With the increase of the content of basalt fiber, the gel has greater adhesion and binding force to basalt fiber, and the hydration products attached to the surface of basalt fiber gradually decrease When the content of basalt fiber is 0.3%, the frost resistance of concrete is the best. The addition of basalt fiber optimizes the hole structure and reduces the internal defects of concrete, thus improving the durability.
Effect of aircraft deicer on deicer-scaling resistance and frost resistance of airport pavement concrete
Authors: Lai Y , Liu Y , Wang P , Ma D X , Guo B , Sun K , Hou S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper studies the effect of aircraft deicer on deicer-scaling resistance and frost resistance of airport pavement concrete. The mass loss and surface profile of non-air-entrained and air-entrained concrete eroded by water and aircraft deicer are analysed. The surface profile, mass loss rate and relative dynamic elasticity modulus of air-entrained concrete eroded by water and 5% aircraft deicer are discussed during freeze-thaw cycles. It is shown that the low and medium concentration deicer has a negative effect on the deicer-scaling resistance of concrete, and 5% aircraft deicer has the greatest influence. Adding air-entraining agent can improve the deicer-scaling resistance of concrete. Compared with water, 5% aircraft deicer has a negative effect on the frost resistance of air-entrained concrete. The deicer-scaling resistance and frost resistance of air-entrained concrete meet requirements for airport pavement in the most severely cold regions in China.
Mechanical analysis of lateral uplift of aluminum film scribed by grating
Authors: Lu Ji 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
During the diffraction grating scoring process, the stress change on the aluminum film greatly affects the groove morphology. In view of the current status of “trial and error” of grating scoring, in order to study the rule of lateral bulging of aluminum film in the process of grating scoring, this paper aims at the formation rule of groove topography during the process of grating scoring, which is affected by the change of the surface film material force. The slip line field theory and the speed upper limit field theory establish a simple model for the stress process of the material during the scoring process.
Cobalt and Nitrogen Co-Doped Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers as a Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalyst
Authors: Li T J , Wang H G 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, it is urgent to prepare a bifunctional electrocatalyst with effectively improve catalytic properties towards ORR and OER, replacing precious metals and commercial catalysts. Cobalt nitrogen co-doped carbon nanofibers (Co-N/CNFs) are successfully synthesized via solvothermal, pyrolysis of electrospun nanofibers containing cobalt phthalocyanine and melamine. The electrochemical characterization of Co-N/CNFs-800 is carried out using cyclic voltammetry, and Tafel studies compared with Pt/C and RuO2. The Co-N/CNFs-800 exhibits the higher ORR catalytic activity with half-wave potential (0.77 V) and the lower OER overpotential (370 mV). Furthermore, the activity parameter of Co-N/CNFs-800 (0.83 V) is much lower than that of Pt/C (0.95 V), and closer to RuO2 (0.82 V). This research opens an effective method to synthesize an excellent bifunctional electrocatalyst for ORR/OER.
On the best constant in the estimate related to 𝐻¹-𝐵𝑀𝑂 duality
Authors: Osękowski Adam 
Published: August 2020

Let

I
⊂

R

I\subset \mathbb {R}

be an interval and let

f
f

,

φ
\varphi

be arbitrary elements of

H
1

(
I
)

H^1(I)

and

B
M
O
(
I
)

BMO(I)

, respectively, with

∫
I

φ
=
0

\int _I\varphi =0

. The paper contains the proof of the estimate

∫
I

f
φ
≤

2

‖
f

‖

H
1

(
I
)

‖
φ

‖

B
M
O
(
I
)

,

\begin{equation*} \int _I f\varphi \leq \sqrt {2}\|f\|_{H^1(I)}\|\varphi \|_{BMO(I)}, \end{equation*}

and it is shown that

2

\sqrt {2}

cannot be replaced by a smaller universal constant. The argument rests on the existence of a special function enjoying appropriate size and concavity requirements.
Retinal Arteriolar Occlusions and Exudative Retinal Detachments in Malignant Hypertension: More Than Meets the Eye
Authors: de Nattes Tristan , Saad Rana , Buob David , Verney Charles , Doreille Alice , Luque Yosu , Mesnard Laurent , Pâques Michel , Rafat Cédric 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Malignant hypertension is macrovascular and microvascular endothelial injury responsible for multiple organ damage. Considering the anatomical and functional homologies between the posterior pole of the eye and the kidney, ophthalmological explorations may inform clinicians on the mechanisms underpinning concurrent kidney injury in this condition. More specifically, we investigated whether the wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) of retinal arterioles measured by adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy could be correlated to WLR of kidney arterioles as determined by pathology. We sought to estimate the incidence of retinal arteriole occlusion a supposedly uncommon complication of malignant hypertension.

METHODS
All patients hospitalized in our renal Intensive Care Unit for malignant hypertension between 2016 and 2019 were referred to ophthalmological examinations.

RESULTS
Twenty-seven patients were included. Median retinal WLR was 0.39 [0.31–0.47] and was correlated with initial systolic (r = 0.56, P = 0.003) and mean blood pressure (r = 0.46, P = 0.02) upon admission. The retinal WLR was not correlated to renal pathological findings, as assessed by juxtaglomerular WLR (r = 0.38, P = 0.2), ratio of glomerulosclerosis (r = −0.39, P = 0.2), or tubulointerstitial fibrosis (r = −0.45, P = 0.08). Retinal WLR was not associated with neurological or cardiovascular end-organ damage. Branch retinal artery occlusion was detected in 18.5% of patients and exudative retinal detachment (ERD) in 29.6% of patients, without any significant correlation with canonical signs of retinal hypertension including optic disc swelling.

CONCLUSIONS
In the setting of malignant hypertension, we failed to demonstrate a significant relationship between WLR and other meaningful end-organ injuries. However, branch retinal artery occlusion and ERD may have been hitherto underestimated.
Cluster-randomized Trial of Adjuvanted Versus Nonadjuvanted Trivalent Influenza Vaccine in 823 US Nursing Homes
Authors: McConeghy Kevin W , Davidson H Edward , Canaday David H , Han Lisa , Saade Elie , Mor Vince , Gravenstein Stefan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Influenza leads in preventable infection-related hospitalization in nursing home (NH) residents. The adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV) is more immunogenic than similarly dosed nonadjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV), and observational studies suggest aTIV better prevents hospitalizations in older adults. We prospectively tested this in an NH setting.

Methods
NHs with ≥50 long-stay residents aged ≥65 years were randomized to offer aTIV or TIV for residents for the 2016–2017 influenza season. Using intent-to-treat resident-level analysis with Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for clustering by facility and a priori baseline covariates (eg, age, heart failure, and facility-level characteristics), we assessed relative aTIV:TIV effectiveness for hospitalization (ie, all-cause, respiratory, and pneumonia and influenza [P&I]).

Results
We randomized 823 NHs, housing 50 012 eligible residents, to aTIV or TIV. Residents were similar between groups by age (mean, ~79 years), heart failure, lung disease, and influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake, except aTIV homes housed fewer Black residents (14.5 vs 18.9%). Staff vaccine uptake was similar (~55%). P&I and all-cause resident hospitalization rates were lower (adjusted HR [aHR], .80 [95% CI, .66–.98; P = .03] and .94 [.89–.99; P = .02], respectively) for aTIV versus TIV, while the respiratory hospitalization rate was similar, in a season where vaccine effectiveness was considered poor.

Conclusions
aTIV was more effective than TIV in preventing all-cause and P&I hospitalization from NHs during an A/H3N2-predominant season when TIV was relatively ineffective.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02882100.
Tap Water Avoidance Decreases Rates of Hospital-onset Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Authors: Baker Arthur W , Stout Jason E , Anderson Deverick J , Sexton Daniel J , Smith Becky , Moehring Rebekah W , Huslage Kirk , Hostler Christopher J , Lewis Sarah S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We analyzed the impact of a hospital tap water avoidance protocol on respiratory isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). After protocol implementation, hospital-onset episodes of respiratory NTM isolation on high-risk units decreased from 41.0 to 9.9 episodes per 10 000 patient-days (incidence rate ratio, 0.24; 95% confidence interval, .17–.34; P &lt; .0001).
Cryptococcal Antigen in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid for Detecting Cryptococcal Meningitis in Adults Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies
Authors: Temfack Elvis , Rim Jean Joel Bigna , Spijker Rene , Loyse Angela , Chiller Tom , Pappas Peter G , Perfect John , Sorell Tania C , Harrison Thomas S , Cohen Jérémie F , Lortholary Olivier 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) detection could direct the timely initiation of antifungal therapy. We searched MEDLINE and Embase for studies where CrAg detection in serum/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and CSF fungal culture were done on adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had suspected cryptococcal meningitis (CM). With Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2), we evaluated the risk of bias in 11 included studies with 3600 participants, and used a random-effects meta-analysis to obtain summary sensitivity and specificity of serum and CSF CrAg, as well as agreement between CSF CrAg and CSF culture. Summary sensitivity and specificity of serum CrAg were 99.7% (97.4–100) and 94.1% (88.3–98.1), respectively, and summary sensitivity and specificity of CSF CrAg were 98.8% (96.2–99.6) and 99.3% (96.7–99.9), respectively. Agreement between CSF CrAg and CSF culture was 98% (97–99). In adults living with HIV who have CM symptoms, serum CrAg negativity may rule out CM, while positivity should prompt induction antifungal therapy if lumbar puncture is not feasible. In a first episode of CM, CSF CrAg positivity is diagnostic.
Randomized comparison of oesophageal protection with a temperature control device: results of the IMPACT study
Authors: Leung Lisa W M , Bajpai Abhay , Zuberi Zia , Li Anthony , Norman Mark , Kaba Riyaz A , Akhtar Zaki , Evranos Banu , Gonna Hanney , Harding Idris , Sohal Manav , Al-Subaie Nawaf , Louis-Auguste John , Hayat Jamal , Gallagher Mark M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aims
Thermal injury to the oesophagus is an important cause of life-threatening complication after ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). Thermal protection of the oesophageal lumen by infusing cold liquid reduces thermal injury to a limited extent. We tested the ability of a more powerful method of oesophageal temperature control to reduce the incidence of thermal injury.

Methods and results
A single-centre, prospective, double-blinded randomized trial was used to investigate the ability of the ensoETM device to protect the oesophagus from thermal injury. This device was compared in a 1:1 randomization with a control group of standard practice utilizing a single-point temperature probe. In the protected group, the device maintained the luminal temperature at 4°C during radiofrequency (RF) ablation for AF under general anaesthesia. Endoscopic examination was performed at 7 days post-ablation and oesophageal injury was scored. The patient and the endoscopist were blinded to the randomization. We recruited 188 patients, of whom 120 underwent endoscopy. Thermal injury to the mucosa was significantly more common in the control group than in those receiving oesophageal protection (12/60 vs. 2/60; P = 0.008), with a trend toward reduction in gastroparesis (6/60 vs. 2/60, P = 0.27). There was no difference between groups in the duration of RF or in the force applied (P value range= 0.2–0.9). Procedure duration and fluoroscopy duration were similar (P = 0.97, P = 0.91, respectively).

Conclusion
Thermal protection of the oesophagus significantly reduces ablation-related thermal injury compared with standard care. This method of oesophageal protection is safe and does not compromise the efficacy or efficiency of the ablation procedure.
Bacterial community dynamics across developmental stages of fungal fruiting bodies
Authors: Gohar Daniyal , Pent Mari , Põldmaa Kadri , Bahram Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTIncreasing evidence suggest that bacteria form diverse communities in various eukaryotic hosts, including fungi. However, little is known about their succession and the functional potential at different host development stages. Here we examined the effect of fruiting body parts and developmental stages on the structure and potential function of fungus-associated bacterial communities. Using high-throughput sequencing, we characterized bacterial communities and their associated potential functions in fruiting bodies from ten genera belonging to four major mushroom-forming orders and three different developmental stages of a model host species Cantharellus cibarius. Our results demonstrate that bacterial community structure differs between internal and external parts of the fruiting body but not between inner tissues. The structure of the bacterial communities showed significant variation across fruiting body developmental stages. We provide evidence that certain functional groups, such as those related to nitrogen fixation, persist in fruiting bodies during the maturation, but are replaced by putative parasites/pathogens afterwards. These data suggest that bacterial communities inhabiting fungal fruiting bodies may play important roles in their growth and development.
Tissue-based Gene Expression as Potential Biomarkers for IBD Course
Authors: Haberman Yael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are highly heterogeneous in disease phenotype, behavior, and response to therapy. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in IBD are based primarily on clinical and endoscopic severity and histopathologic analysis of intestinal biopsies. With this approach, however, only a minority of patients experience durable remission. This may be due to substantial heterogeneity in disease pathogenicity that is not accounted for by current classification systems. Patients can present with similar clinical and endoscopic severity and receive similar therapy but show divergent response ranging from mucosal/transmural healing to nonresponse. Using mucosal biopsy samples that are already obtained as part of the clinical practice to support the diagnosis and state-of-the-art high throughput sequencing approaches can detect the widest range in host gene expression in the actual lining of the affected gut. These analyses can better dissect disease heterogeneity and guide potential treatment response. Here we review studies that use gut tissue–based gene expression profiles to predict disease outcome in IBD.
The Role of the Private Sector in Supporting Malaria Control in Resource Development Settings
Authors: Jones Robert T , Tusting Lucy S , Smith Hugh M P , Segbaya Sylvester , Macdonald Michael B , Bangs Michael J , Logan James G 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Industrial operations of the private sector, such as extraction, agriculture, and construction, can bring large numbers of people into new settlement areas and cause environmental change that promotes the transmission of vector-borne diseases. Industry-related workers and communities unduly exposed to infection risk typically lack the knowledge and means to protect themselves. However, there is a strong business rationale for protecting local resident employees through integrated vector control programs, as well as an ethical responsibility to care for these individuals and the affected communities. We discuss the role and challenges of the private sector in developing malaria control programs, which can include extensive collaborations with the public sector that go on to form the basis of national vector control programs or more broadly support local healthcare systems.