bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrioesophageal fistula post atrial fibrillation ablation: A multicenter study from China
Authors: Li Chang‐Yi , Li Song‐Nan , Jiang Chen‐Yang , Fu Hua , Liang Ming , Wang Zu‐Lu , Zhong Jing‐Quan , Zhou Xian‐Hui , Wu Qi , Chang Dong , Wang Yan , Zhou Gen‐Qing , Liu Wen‐Shao , Song Wei , Sang Cai‐Hua , Long De‐Yong , Du Xin , Dong Jian‐Zeng , Ma Chang‐Sheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and objectiveAtrioesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare but devastating complication with high mortality post atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The purpose of current study was to determine the epidemiology, clinical features, pathogenesis, and management of AEF after AF ablation.Methods and resultsPatients with diagnosed AEF were included and retrospectively analyzed according to the registry of 11 centers in China from January 2010 to December 2019. A total of 16 AEF cases were identified from 44 794 patients who received a left atrial ablation procedure (0.035% per procedure). The interval from procedure to clinical onset of AEF averaged 18.3 days (3‐39 days). The fever ranked the most common symptom, occurred in 14 of the 16 cases, followed by neurological deficits (n = 11), chest pain (n = 5), and hematemesis (n = 4). Patients undergoing surgical repair had a better prognosis compared to those receiving nonsurgical management ([4 of 8] 50.0% vs [8 of 8] 100%, P < .05) with an overall mortality rate of 75.0%.ConclusionAEF is highly characterized by varied manifestations. Early diagnosis and urgent surgical repair are vital to those patients and associated with improved survival rates.
Network of Networks: Preliminary Lessons from the Antwerp Port Authority on Crisis Management and Network Governance to Deal with the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: van den Oord Steven , Vanlaer Niels , Marynissen Hugo , Brugghemans Bert , Van Roey Jan , Albers Sascha , Cambré Bart , Kenis Patrick 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this article, the authors describe and illustrate what they call a “network of networks” perspective and map the development of a lead network for the Antwerp Port Authority that governed organizations and networks in the port community before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic. They find that setting a collective focus and selective integration are crucial in the creation and reproduction of an effective system to adequately deal with a wicked problem like the COVID‐19 pandemic. The findings on crisis management and network governance are used to engage practitioners and public policy planners to revisit the current design and governance of organizational networks within organizational fields that have been hit by the COVID‐19 pandemic.
China's Railway Transportation Safety Regulation System Based on Evolutionary Game Theory and System Dynamics
Authors: Feng Fenling , Liu Chengguang , Zhang Jiaqi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChina's railways were restructured in 2013. The number of regulatory practitioners has decreased significantly, making real‐time regulation more difficult. Regulatory transfers from inside to outside the railway industry increases information risks. A more reasonable regulation mechanism is needed. The article considers introducing a public supervision mechanism into the railway transportation safety regulation system, which includes two regulators and one regulatee. As the government regulator, the State Railway Administration (SRA) regulates the safety of China Railway Corporation (CR) and encourages the public to act as supervisors to expose the CR's unsafe production information. To analyze the risks and effectiveness of the system, a multiplayer evolutionary game and system dynamics‐based model for railway transportation safety regulation is established. The decision processes of players under different conditions are simulated. The results show that improving the public supervision ratio is conducive to improve the CR's safe production ratio. However, there is no evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) in the system. Strategies and evolutionary processes have large fluctuations, which represent high risk. Excessive penalty and reward coefficients can aggravate the amplitude and frequency of fluctuations, causing uncertainty in regulation and making it more difficult to control the actual problems. A dynamic reward and punishment mechanism is proposed to control these fluctuations. The system finally achieves an ESS that results in the lowest regulation investment for the SRA, a safe production ratio for the CR of 95%, and a public supervision ratio of 95.2%. Introducing public supervision and dynamic reward and punishment mechanisms help to stabilize and improve the CR's safe production ratio and to decrease the SRA's regulatory investment.
Facies model of a sedimentary record for a Pantanal‐like inland wetland
Authors: Tineo David Eric 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite recent advances in wetland studies, ancient wetland deposits are still not well documented, and their facies characteristics are poorly registered. Sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Miocene Yecua Formation (Chaco foreland basin, Central Andes, Bolivia) and their comparison to Pantanal‐like modern wetlands provide an insight into their variability, suggesting a facies model for large inland wetlands that developed in a tropical–subtropical climate. Sedimentological features show that clastic, chemical and biological processes in these environments lead to distinguishable lithofacies variations. Six architectural elements are described: (i) muddy sublittoral (FA1); (ii) mixed siliciclastic–carbonate shoreface (FA2); (iii) sand‐flat (FA3) and (iv) mud‐flat (FA4) deposits; (iv) floodplain (FA5); and (vi) simple channel deposits (FA6). The succession is composed of shallowing‐upward parasequences with different facies characteristics caused by climatically‐driven changes of the water level over three orders of magnitude and cyclicity. These cyclic changes reflect a climatic control on the sedimentation. A palaeoclimatic interpretation suggests a generally warm, humid climate with marked rainfall regime changes. The aim of this article is to use this dataset to improve the understanding of depositional elements, lithologies and stratigraphy in tropical–subtropical large inland wetlands. The proposed criteria will help in recognizing inland wetland deposits in other sedimentary basins.
Problematizing ‘Bordering, Ordering, and Othering’ as Manifestations of Socio‐Spatial Fetishism
Authors: Paasi Anssi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper will re‐examine and reflect critically Henk van Houtum and Ton van Naerssen’s paper ‘Bordering, Ordering and Othering’ that came out in a related theme issue in TESG in 2002. My first goal is to contextualise their paper into the debates on borders/bordering that began to flourish at the turn of the millennium and have emerged since then. I will then evaluate the enduring significance of this text and discuss the geohistory of othering. My final intention is to push their ideas further and to problematise the processes of bordering, ordering and othering as ideological and material manifestations of socio‐spatial fetishism that often conceal power relations and the alternatives for challenging and transcending these processes.
Molecular characterisation ofRhDvariants in North Indian blood donor population
Authors: Khetan Dheeraj , Verma Anviti , Chaudhary Rajendra K. , Shukla Jai Shankar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesA molecular analysis of serologically RhD variant samples was conducted to find the incidence of various D variants in our blood donor population.BackgroundDetermining a blood donor's RhD phenotype and genotype is important as transfusion of units with a weak D or partial D phenotype can result in immunisation of the recipients.MethodsSamples with discrepant D and weak D phenotypes identified on testing with at least five different monoclonal anti‐D antisera were considered serological RhD variant and subjected to molecular testing (Massarray kit, Agena Bioscience, San Diego) for variantRHDgene.ResultsA total of 39 samples, including 19 RhD discrepant samples and 20 weak D samples, were identified as serological RhD variant from a total of 4386 samples. Thirteen (13/39) samples carried variants leading to weak D phenotype, and eight samples had variants leading to partial D categories. Seven samples (7) could not be characterised, whereas 11 samples were identified as Rh negative (RHD*01N.01) after molecular testing. Overall incidence of D variants in the study population was 0.48%.RHD*weak D type 1(5, 0.1%) andRHD*DFR1(5, 1%) were the most common variants identified.ConclusionsFew samples with weak reaction on serological testing were found to be partial D variant and vice versa. Donor centres should develop a protocol for genotyping of samples with aberrant results on serological testing for assessing the actual RhD status of an individual as results of serological testing may be misleading.
Interactions of gene expression, alternative splicing, and DNA methylation in determining nodule identity
Authors: Niyikiza Daniel , Piya Sarbottam , Routray Pratyush , Miao Long , Kim Won‐Seok , Burch‐Smith Tessa , Gill Tom , Sams Carl , Arelli Prakash R. , Pantalone Vince , Krishnan Hari B. , Hewezi Tarek 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARYSoybean nodulation is a highly controlled process that involves complex gene regulation at both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels. In the present study, we profiled gene expression changes, alternative splicing events, and DNA methylation patterns during nodule formation, development, and senescence. The transcriptome data uncovered key transcription patterns of nodule development that included 9669 core genes and 7302 stage‐specific genes. Alternative splicing analysis uncovered a total of 2323 genes that undergo alternative splicing events in at least one nodule developmental stage, with activation of exon skipping and repression of intron retention being the most common splicing events in nodules compared to roots. Approximately 40% of the differentially spliced genes were also differentially expressed at the same nodule developmental stage, implying a substantial association between gene expression and alternative splicing. Genome‐wide‐DNA methylation analysis revealed dynamic changes in nodule methylomes that were specific to each nodule stage, occurred in a sequence‐specific manner, and impacted the expression of 1864 genes. An attractive hypothesis raised by our data is that increased DNA methylation may contribute to the efficiency of alternative splicing. Together, our results provide intriguing insights into the associations between gene expression, alternative splicing, and DNA methylation that may shape transcriptome complexity and proteome specificity in developing soybean nodules.
Anti‐A/B isoagglutinin reduction in an intravenous immunoglobulin product and risk of hemolytic anemia: a hospital‐based cohort study
Authors: Wallenhorst Christopher , Patel Ami , Shebl Amgad , Hubsch Alphonse , Simon Toby L. , Martinez Carlos 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIntravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are derived from large human plasma pools. IVIG‐associated hemolytic anemia (HA) is a known class effect, likely attributed to dose‐dependent passive transfer of anti‐A/B isoagglutinins. Two isoagglutinin reduction steps were implemented in the manufacturing process of Privigen (human 10% liquid IVIG): exclusion of high–anti‐A–titer donors in 2013, replaced by specific immunoaffinity chromatography in 2015. We aim to estimate the clinical effectiveness of both measures.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSUsing the US hospital‐based Premier Healthcare Database, three Privigen cohorts were generated based on calendar periods indicative of manufacturing changes: Period 1 (baseline) January 2008 to December 2012, Period 2 (high–anti‐A–titer donor exclusion) October 2013 to December 2015, and Period 3 (immunoaffinity chromatography) October 2016 to April 2019. HA within a 10‐day at‐risk period after Privigen administrations was identified from review of patient record summaries. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated from Poisson regression (Period 1 reference) adjusting for hospital setting, sex, age, Privigen indication, dose, and first use.RESULTSCrude incidence rates of HA were 1.49 per 10,000 person‐days in Period 1 (38 HA, 9439 patients), 1.01 in Period 2 (20 HA, 7710 patients), and 0.14 in Period 3 (3 HA, 7759 patients). Adjusted IRR for HA in Period 2 was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41‐1.23), and in Period 3 was 0.10 (0.03‐0.33) compared with Period 1. The IRR for HA in Period 3 compared with Period 2 was 0.14 (95% CI, 0.04‐0.47).CONCLUSIONImplementation of immunoaffinity chromatography in Privigen manufacturing resulted in a significant 90% reduction of HA risk. HA has become a rare event in association with Privigen use.
Feasibility of a pilot program for COVID‐19 convalescent plasma collection in Wuhan, China
Authors: Li Ling , Yang Ru , Wang Jue , Lv Qilu , Ren Ming , Zhao Lei , Chen Hanwei , Xu Haixia , Xie Songli , Xie Jin , Lin Hui , Li Wenjuan , Fang Peng , Gong Li , Wang Lan , Wu Yanyun , Liu Zhong 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUNDA novel coronavirus has caused an international outbreak. Currently, there are no specific therapeutic agents for coronavirus infections. Convalescent plasma (CP) therapy is a potentially effective treatment option.METHODSPatients who had recovered from COVID‐19 and had been discharged from the hospital for more than 2 weeks were recruited. COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP)‐specific donor screening and selection were performed based on the following criteria: 1) aged 18‐55 years; 2) eligible for blood donation; 3) diagnosed with COVID‐19; 4) had two consecutive negative COVID‐19 nasopharyngeal swab tests based on PCR (at least 24 hr apart) prior to hospital discharge; 5) had been discharged from the hospital for more than 2 weeks; and 6) had no COVID‐19 symptoms prior to convalescent plasma donation. In addition, preference was given to CCP donors who had a fever lasting more than 3 days or a body temperature exceeding 38.5°C (101.3°F), and who donated 4 weeks after the onset of symptoms. CCP collection was performed using routine plasma collection procedures via plasmapheresis. In addition to routine donor testing, the CCP donorsʼ plasma was also tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid and S‐RBD‐specific IgG antibody.RESULTSOf the 81 potential CCP donors, 64 (79%) plasma products were collected. There were 18 female donors and 46 male donors. There were 34 first‐time blood donors and 30 repeat donors. The average time between CCP collection and initial symptom onset was 49.1 days, and the average time between CCP collection and hospital discharge was 38.7 days. The average volume of CCP collected was 327.7 mL.All Alanine transaminase (ALT) testing results met blood donation requirements. HIV Ag/Ab, anti‐HCV, anti‐syphilis, and HBsAg were all negative; NAT for HIV, HBV, and HCV were also negative. In addition, all of the CCP donorsʼ plasma units were negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA. Of the total 64 CCP donors tested, only one had an S‐RBD‐specific IgG titer of 1:160, all others had a titer of ≥1:320.CONCLUSIONBased on a feasibility study of a pilot CCP program in Wuhan, China, we demonstrated the success and feasibility of CCP collection. In addition, all of the CCP units collected had a titer of ≥1:160 for S‐RBD‐specific IgG antibody, which met the CCP quality control requirements based on the Chinese national guidelines for CCP.
Standards and Methods for Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Assessments in Modeling and Simulation
Authors: Freitas Christopher J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Methods for verification, validation, and uncertainty quantification (V&V and UQ) have been the subjects of interest to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and the mechanical engineering community as a whole for over three decades. During this time period, ASME's Fluids Engineering Division and ASME's Codes and Standards V&V Committee have led the development of methods and standards for performing verification, validation, and uncertainty assessments focused on grid-based discretizations. This paper reviews the work that has gone into the specification of the standards and the continuing efforts of the V&V Committee to formulate methods and procedures for verification, validation, and quantifying numerical uncertainty.
Optimization of operating parameters of an off-road automotive diesel engine running at highway drive conditions using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Marri Vinod Babu , Madhu Murthy K. , Amba Prasad Rao G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The typical tradeoff between the two major emissions from compression ignition (CI) engines, smoke and oxides of nitrogen, is the unresolved challenge to the researchers. Techniques like engine downsizing, lowering intake oxygen concentration, multiple injections, use of retarded injection timings and higher injection pressures, etc. are widely employed for the alleviation of these harmful emissions. The influence of variation of fuel injection pressure (FIP), boost pressure, pilot injection timing (PIT), pilot injection quantity (PIQ) and main injection timing (MIT) are experimentally investigated in the present work. Mahindra mHawk four-cylinder diesel engine with provisions of a variable-geometry turbocharger (VGT), exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and common-rail direct injection (CRDi) is chosen for the experimentation. Test runs are conducted at 1750 rpm and 80.3 N.m (4.6 bar bmep) corresponding to highway drive conditions, using 10 % EGR. Response surface methodology is employed for the design of experiments and to analyze the experimental data. Multi-objective response optimization is carried out to optimize engine-operating parameters that give desired performance and engine-out emissions. Confirmatory tests are conducted at design conditions to validate the results predicted by the model. This study reveals that the optimum performance and emission characteristics could be obtained using 120 kPa boost pressure; 61.1 MPa fuel injection pressure; 11.5 % pilot injection quantity with pilot injection at 332 °CA and main injection at 359 °CA.
Optimization of the Process Parameters for Hydrotreating Used Cooking Oil by the Taguchi Method and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Sonthalia Ankit , Koul Rashi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Hydrotreating process is an alternate approach for producing diesel hydrocarbons from the biomass-based oils. In the present study, used cooking oil was selected for the hydrotreating process due to its high abundance. A batch reactor was used for carrying out the experiments. To increase the reaction rate a manganese, cerium promoted ruthenium-based catalyst supported on Al2O3 was used. The design of experiments was used for optimizing the process parameters. The Taguchi method was selected as it reduces the number of experiments which saves time and money. The study was aimed at increasing the conversion percentage and diesel selectivity and reducing the naphtha selectivity. Since multi-objective optimization was required, fuzzy logic was incorporated which utilizes the human thought logic. The analysis of variance shows that the reaction temperature and reaction pressure significantly affect the output parameters. Higher temperature leads to cracking of the oil resulting in the formation of large amount of lower carbon chains. Moreover, high hydrogen pressure results in increase in the hydrogenation process, thereby increasing the diesel selectivity. The optimized parameters obtained from the study were 360 °C reaction temperature, 40-bar initial reaction pressure, and 200-min reaction time. Confirmation experiment was carried out using these parameters, and the conversion efficiency and diesel selectivity was 89.7% and 88.2%, respectively. The study shows that the combination of Taguchi and fuzzy logic is an effective method for optimizing the process parameters of the hydrotreating process.
An Old Problem Reconsidered: The Wahl–Fischer Torsional Instability Problem
Authors: Infante E. F. , Doughty S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe phenomenon of torsional instabilities found in rotating mechanical systems powered by induction motors was encountered in the late 1930s by Wahl and Fisher in a turnpike exhaust system. Subsequently, this phenomenon has been repeatedly found to affect a number of similar physical systems and has led to a number of studies and analysis that have clarified the reasons for these instabilities, associated with the torque characteristics of induction motors. Surprisingly, none of these studies have presented a mathematical qualitative analysis of the eigenvalues of the differential equations that describe such electromechanical systems. This is the central purpose of this paper. It depends on the identification and exploitation of a particular “central” solution to the differential equations that describe the system, and of its relationship to a simpler formulation of the same system. This turns out to be a rather modest mathematical endeavor which, however, yields result that illuminate the nature of the instabilities encountered and provides a designer of such systems with the tools to abate or avoid these instabilities.
Associations Between Physical Activity and Perceived School Performance of Young Adolescents in Health Behavior in School-Aged Children Countries
Authors: Ng Kwok W. , Sudeck Gorden , Marques Adilson , Borraccino Alberto , Boberova Zuzana , Vasickova Jana , Tesler Riki , Kokko Sami , Samdal Oddrun 
Published: June 2020

Background: Regular physical activity and doing well in school are important for growing adolescents. In this study, the associations between physical activity and perceived school performance (PSP) are examined together. Methods: Young adolescents from 42 countries (n = 193,949) in Europe and Canada were examined for associations between self-reported moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and PSP. Multinominal analyses were conducted with 0 to 2 days of MVPA and below average PSP as reference categories. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were reported for pooled data and individual countries after controlling for family affluence scale. Results: Girls had better PSP than boys, yet more boys participated in daily MVPA than girls. The associations between PSP and MVPA were inverted U shaped. The strongest association for very good PSP was among young adolescents who reported 5 to 6 days MVPA (odds ratios = 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.1–2.4) after controlling for family affluence scale. Conclusions: Young adolescents with average or better PSP took part in at least 3 days of MVPA in a week, suggesting that participating in some MVPA was positively associated with PSP. More days of MVPA in a week, especially for young adolescents with below average PSP, would be beneficial for health and school performance.