bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATION OF STATURE FROM FOREARM & HAND LENGTH IN WEST BENGAL POPULATION
Authors: Koley Baishakhi , Bhanarkar Ujwala 
Published: March 2020

Background: In the present scenario of increasing crime rate the identification of an individual has become immensely important. Measurement of different body parts of human body to estimate stature plays a vital role for establishing individual identity, especially in those cases where mutilated body parts are found or mere body fragments discovered. Here comes the role of anthropometry, where length of hand, forearm, foot etc plays a vital role for estimation of stature of a human being. Objective: The objective of the present study is to find out the relation between length of forearm with hand and stature in west bengal population. Method: For the purpose of study 300 young and healthy medical students both male and female, aged between 18 to 25 years, without any known disease or body deformity, were examined anthropometrically to measure their respective height with stadiometer and length of forearm with hand by vernier slide caliper. Result: The stature varied from 157.48 cm to 169.75 cm with mean value 167.0 cm and 159.0 in case of male and female subject respectively. On the other hand length of forearm with hand varied from 40.1 cm to 46.4 cm with mean value 46.2 and 43.2 respectively. Conclusion: Study results shows that length of forearm and hand poses significant correlation with stature.So, it may be desirable to apply this knowledge especially in cases of fragmented body parts or mutilated bodies.
Keywords: Length of hand, stature, anthropometrical measurement
INCIDENCE AND AETIOLOGY OF GASTROINTESTINAL PERFORATION: A HOSPITAL BASED PROSPECTIVE STUDY.
Authors: Pradhan Shwetabh , Bisht Abhinav , Acharya Abhijit 
Published: March 2020

Objectives: This study was to evaluate the incidence and various aetilogical factors in patients of gastrointestinal perforation.
Methods: A detail history clinical examinations and relevant investigations were performed to all cases of gastrointestinal perforation. A total of 50 patients of gastrointestinal perforation with age group 0 to 80 years were enrolled. Patients were included on the presenting signs and symptoms like pain, vomiting, distension, alteration of bowel habits, fever, h/o loss of appetite and weight, dyspnoea and duration of illness. Clinical examination was followed by haematological, biochemical and radiological investigations were performed to all cases of gastrointestinal perforation.
Results: Data was analysed by using SPSS version 26 software. All data was tabulated and percentages were calculated. One sample t test was applied. Mean and standard deviation were observed. P value was taken less than or equal to 0.05 for significant differences.
Conclusions: Gastrointestinal perforation was commonly seen in younger age group. Ileum was the most common site for gastrointestinal perforation. Enteric fever and drugs were the most common aetiological factors of gastrointestinal perforation. Hence, awareness, early recognition of symptoms and referral of patients to hospital is very important for prevention and management of gastrointestinal perforation.
Key words: gastrointestinal perforation, aetiological factors, age, sex
TO STUDY EFFICACY OF AMISULPRIDE IN TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA.
Authors: Raichandani Om Prakash , Kadam Abhijeet , Raichandani Sapna 
Published: March 2020

The study was performed at the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Department of Psychiatry, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur. The maximum numbers of patients in were in reproductive age group that is in between 20 to 49 years. The mean age in Amisulpride group was 33.26(±10.23) years while in Olanzapine group it was 31.25 (±12.22) years.
Schizophrenia was more common (80%) in younger (20-49years) age group. In our study the male /female ratio was 1.7. Our study supports the notion that Schizophrenia is more common in Married and Urban population. Only one patient from Olanzapine Group suffered Extrapyramidal symptoms of moderate severity requiring withdrawal from study.2 patients from Olanzapine group and 1 patient from Amisulpride group had Tremors and Akathesia of mild severity. There was no emergence of Extrapyramidal symptoms in rest of the patients (p>.05)
Keywords: Efficacy, Amisulpride, Olanzapine & Schizophrenia.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUUE OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) BIOPSY AND LYMPH NODES IN BREAST TUMOURS
Authors: Dhruv Surendra Kumar 
Published: March 2020

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common solid cancer in women and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the western countries. In India it is a leading cause for mortality and morbidity. Prognosis of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of breast is determined by anatomic extent of the disease and can be assessed by tumor size, lymph node status and metastasis, also biologic markers such as histological grade, hormone receptor expression, HER2 overexpression, and/or amplification and genomic panels can be used. The presence of metastatic in axillary lymph nodes confirms the capacity of a cancer to metastasize. It represents the single most prognostically potent element of clinical stage in potentially curable cases. Axillary lymph node dissection and histological evaluation has a continuing place in the staging and management of patients with breast cancer. It has been shown that cytological grade correlates well with the axillary lymph nodal metastasis and also prognosis. Axillary lymph node evaluation in breast cancer is usually performed preoperatively by clinical examination, sonography, lymph node resection and by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with detected breast mass (palpable and non-palpable) and palpable axillary lymph node who were evaluated by FNAC. After sterile draping and sufficient disinfection, a 10-ml syringe was inserted into and withdrawn from the lymph node three times under aspiration while sonographically monitored. The procedure was performed by using 21-22 Gauge needle with 2–4 aspirations and it was repeated if the sample was inadequate. Ultrasound guided FNAC was performed for impalpable, and deeply located small lumps.
RESULTS: A total of 156 patients were underwent for FNAC of the breast lump. Histological correlation of all the patients was done. The mean age of patients who underwent FNAC was 39.6 ± 9.42 years and all were female patients. The cytology reports were classified as benign, atypical, suspicious, malignancy, and unsatisfactory. In 59 (37.8%) cases benign lesions were observed of which the fibrocystic disease was the most common cytological diagnosis. 15 (9.6%) were atypical, 7(4.5%) were suspicious and in 72(46.2%) cases malignancy was diagnosed. In 3 (1.9%) cases sample was unsatisfactory. FNAC of the axillary lymph nodes was performed on 76 patients with palpable lymph nodes and histological correlation of axillary lymph node. In FNAC and histology correlation of axillary lymph node sensitivity was 81.94% (95% CI 71.11% to 90.02%) and specificity was 100% (95% CI39.76% to 100.00%) with positive predictive value of 100%.
CONCLUSION: FNAC is a rapid, cost effective and safe procedure for management of breast lumps.
A COMPARISON OF GLASGOW COMA SCORE WITH COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN CASES OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AT TERIATRY CARE HOSPITAL BIKANER
Authors: Pareek Kapil , Sodhi Dinesh 
Published: March 2020

Background: Our present study aimed at correlation of GCS score with computed tomographic findings in cases of head injury and to evaluate that GCS scoring can be used as an alternate tool in clinical management of head injuries in settings where CT scans are not available or contraindicated.
Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Neurosurgery, Trauma center of S. P. Medical College and A.G. of Hospitals, Bikaner. The study group consisted of a total of 100 head injury patients presenting to the Trauma center and admitted in neurosurgery ward.
Results: Contusion was the most frequent finding in cases with positive CT scan findings. All (100%) subjects with severe head injury had positive CT scan findings.
Conclusions: Careful clinical selection based on GCS score before ordering CT scan can help reduce radiation exposure patients and pressure on limited resources. Studies with larger sample size would be warranted
Keywords: CT scan, head injury, Glasgow Coma Scale Score
TO COMPARE THE EFFICACY OF PGE2 GEL AND 25ΜG OF INTRAVAGINAL MISOPROSTOL FOR INDUCTION OF LABOR IN TERM PROM
Authors: Maheshwari Sunita , Jinger Shweta 
Published: March 2020

Background: Induction of labour is one of the most common obstetric interventions worldwide. The study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of 25µg (low dose) vaginal Misoprostol with intracervical Dinoprostone for cervical ripening and induction of labour in term pregnancy.
Methods: For the purpose of this study, 100 term pregnancy patients (only primigravidae and second gravidae) were included who had spontaneous rupture of membrane before onset of labor. Data was collected from cases admitted in labor room at Pannadhay Mahila Chikitsalaya associated with RNT Medical College,Udaipur between July 2014 to July 2015.
Results: Requirement of Oxytocin for augmentation of labor between group A and group B. It is evident from the table that oxytocin was required in only 16% of patients in group A, while 46% in group B. This indicates that requirement of oxytocin was significantly less in misoprostol group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study was designed to assess efficacy of a 25 μg misoprostol vaginal tablet, Finding confirms that vaginal misoprostol tablet is as effective as dinoprostone in cervical ripening and labour induction with dinoprostone.
Keywords: Cervical ripening, Dinoprostone, Labour induction, Low- dose misoprostol.
SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NATURAL OPIOIDS USE IN NORTHWESTERN RAJASTHAN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Authors: Saini Vijay Kumar , Goya Dheeraj , Gehlawat Pratibha 
Published: March 2020

Background: Opioid in natural form (afeem/amal and poppy husk) has been taken from ancient time in north India including Rajasthan. There are approximately 2.3 crore opioid users in India, according to National Survey. Various psychosocial and cultural factors are associated with its use. Socio-cultural factors for the use of natural opioids are inadequately studied. With this rationale, we planned a study to identify these socio-cultural factors.
Method and Material: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. 136 subjects were recruited. Along with socio-demographic profile, a semi-structured proforma of various socio-cultural factors was used.
Results: The majorities of subjects were male (97%), married (88.23%), farmer (62.50%), illiterate (44.11%) and hailed from rural areas (92.65). Most common factors associated with starting opioids were to increase work capacity in agricultural work (n= 46; 33.82%) followed by staying away from home for work (n= 36; 26.47%) and usage by another family members (n=34; 25%). Participants were continuously using natural opioids as it increases work capacity and concentration (n=61; 44.85%) and the reasons for quitting were unavailability and financial problems (n=60; 44.12%).
Conclusion: Various socio-cultural factors play important role in initiation and maintenance of natural opioids use.
Key words: Natural opioids, Opioid dependence, Socio-cultural factors, Northwestern Rajasthan, Agriculture work
CLINICAL PROFILE AND PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY IN PATIENTS WITH DELIBERATE SELF-HARM
Authors: Motwani Yogesh , Nair Shobha , Chaudhari Aditi , Mazumdar Kaustubh 
Published: March 2020

Background: It requires detailed research to understand the psychopathology behind DSH attempts. Apart from social factors, psychiatric disorders and individual coping mechanisms can contribute to DSH. This study will be helpful in knowing the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in these patients.
Aims and Objectives: To study the Psychiatric morbidity in patients with DSH.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study including 42 patients who had history of DSH and were referred to psychiatry department of BARC Hospital, Mumbai. Patients who were below 45 years of age at the time of DSH and above 18 years at the time of study were included. Their socio-demographic data were collected, psychiatric diagnosis were noted from the case files, personality disorders were evaluated using ICD-10 IPDE. Data were analysed using descriptive and analytic statistical methods.
Results: 42.86% of the population was diagnosed as having psychiatric disorder. Most common disorder was depression. 7.14% of the patients were diagnosed as having borderline personality disorder.
Conclusions: Depression was the most common psychiatric disorder found in our study.
Key words: Deliberate self-harm, psychiatric disorders, personality disorders.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF RECONSTRUCTION IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY DONE IN PATIENTS AFTER ACETABULUM FRACTURE
Authors: Sharma Manish , Sen Ramesh Kumar , Aggarwal Sameer , Prakash Mahesh 
Published: March 2020

Background: Acetabular fractures are complex orthopaedic injuries and require a fair amount of expertise for management. Although undisplaced acetabular fractures can be managed by nonoperative means, displaced acetabular fractures need operative intervention for reduction and stabilization.
Methods: The study was carried as a retrospective study, from February 2013 to July 2014. After getting the approval from the Ethics Committee of the Institute (Annexure I) and the consent from the patients the study was conducted on 49 patients who underwent Total Hip Arthroplasty after fracture acetabulum.
Results: On evaluation, patients at short term follow up had good clinical outcome on the basis of Harris hip score. The Harris hip scores improved progressively in the patients at 2-4 years follow up having mean HHS of 92 which further increased to 97 in patients who were followed up after 4 years. The patients at short term follow up of up to 2 years had comparatively lower quality of life scores when compared to the follow up at 2-4 years. The patients followed up after 4 years had the best quality of life.
Conclusion: We concluded that total hip arthroplasty after acetabulum fracture, as a result of good quality of reconstruction, a good functional outcome leads to improved quality of life in the patients.
Keywords: Hip, Arthroplasty, Reconstruction.
ANALYSIS OF THE RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF RECONSTRUCTION IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Sharma Manish , Sen Ramesh Kumar , Aggarwal Sameer , Prakash Mahesh 
Published: March 2020

Background: Total hip Arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most common interventions in Orthopaedic surgery. Increase in incidence of THA appears likely with the growing elderly population. THA has revolutionised the management of the patients suffering from pathologies of the hip. The common indications for THA today are osteoarthritis hip, avascular necrosis hip, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis and in posttraumatic hip.
Methods: The study was carried as a retrospective study, from February 2013 to July 2014. After getting the approval from the Ethics Committee of the Institute (Annexure I) and the consent from the patients the study was conducted on 49 patients who underwent Total Hip Arthroplasty after fracture acetabulum.
Results: Based on the treatment received for fracture acetabulum, the vertical offset measurement was done for 47 patients. The affected side was compared with the un-affected side in the patient and a restoration of vertical offset on the affected side within 20% of the unaffected side was taken as acceptable. In 31 patients acceptable vertical offset was restored.
Conclusion: Radiological assessment of the patients was done using 4 parameters. Measurement of Vertical offset, Horizontal offset, Body lever arm and Acetabular cup inclination was done. The affected side was compared with the un-affected side in the patient and a restoration of parameters on the affected side within 20% of the unaffected side was taken acceptable.
Keywords: Radiological, Arthroplasty, Reconstruction
TO ESTIMATE LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH COPD
Authors: Jha Roshan Kumar , Ambad Ranjit S. 
Published: March 2020

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) includes persistent bronchitis and emphysema, which is generally caused due to smoking of tobacco. (COPD) is an obstructive lung disorder characterized by airflow limitation that is progressive, associated with severe inflammatory response in the air passages and the lungs due to toxic particles. It interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible.
Objectives: 1. To estimate lipid profile (Total cholesterol (TCH), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL), Low density lipoprotein (LDL), Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)) in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary.
2. To find correlation of these parameters with severity of disease.
Material and Method: The study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with Department of Respiratory Medicine at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and AVBRH, Sawangi (Meghe) Wardha, India. Thirty-two patients diagnosed with COPD were selected from OPD and ward of Respiratory Medicine and thirty-two age and sex matched controls were taken.
Result: The analysis of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL in cases and controls. Result was statistically significant in between cases and controls of total cholesterol (p<0.001), HDL (p<0.001) and LDL (p<0.001), and statistically not significant in between cases and controls of triglycerides (p=0.6) and VLDL (p=0.98).
Conclusion: We conclude that smoking significantly affect lipid profile in COPD patients, as it increases LDL levels and decreases HDL levels. Hence all patients with COPD patients who are smoker’s needs to check their lipid profile. COPD is considered as systemic disease with various co morbidities, which may affect the lipid profile.
Keywords: Lipid profile, COPD, AAT, CVD, TNF-α, CRP and GOLD.
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY TO COMPARE INFUSION OF PROPOFOL AND KETAMINE-PROPOFOL MIXTURE (KETOFOL) AS ANESTHETIC MAINTENANCE AGENTS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING VARIOUS SURGICAL PROCEDURES IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRES
Authors: Goel Ravi Kumar , Agrawal Ghasiram 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The existing evidence suggests that the use of low doses and titers of ketamine can be effective in reducing the cardiovascular effects of propofol; nevertheless, this administration method can increase the chance of waking up during anesthesia. Some studies have reported the effect of anesthesia induction using a single propofol dose and low ketamine doses on the hemodynamic stability of patients in short-term outpatient operations in emergency departments. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of ketofol and propofol , to evaluate the intra and post-operative hemodynamic effects of ketofol infusion in comparison with propofol infusion.
Methods: This Retrospective study involved Prior Consent from the Hospital Authorities & was found to be within ethical standards. Data of 100 surgeries were selected which were managed with propofol ( 50 surgeries ) & ketofol ( 50 surgeries) separately admitted to the local surgical units in last 5 years. The two groups were compared in terms of heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure, severity of pain and nausea, vomiting frequency and the doses of analgesics and antiemetic drugs used.
Results: 38 (76%) out of 50 of the patients were male in the propofol group and 31 ( 62%) out of 50 were male in the ketofol group and the difference was not Significant .The mean age of the patients was 39.68 ± 7.32 years in the ketofol and 34.14 ± 7.61 years in the propofol groups . There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding age and sex distribution. There was no difference between the two groups regarding systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure before induction and after. The intensity of nausea was not significantly different between the two groups. Postoperative pain severity and drug dosage were not significantly different between the two study groups.
Conclusion: The infusion of a mixture of ketamine and propofol improves hemodynamic stability in addition to better analgesia compared to the infusion of propofol alone. But it led to heightened risk of nausea and vomiting. Future studies are recommended to address these issues. In addition, further studies are warranted to investigate the use of sub-hypnotic doses of ketamine + ketofol combination for infusion in surgical procedures. When these parameters are considered, ketofol might be used as an alternative to propofol.
Keyword: Ketofol, Propofol, Retrospective Study. Comparative study, Ketamine
TO STUDY CORRELATION OF CRITERIA LIKE OBESITY, DM, HYPERTENSION, DYSLIPIDEMIA IN RELATION WITH THYROID DISORDER
Authors: Ram Ravija Prasad , Sharma Shivam , Saraf Manish Kumar , Ahirwar Gyanendra 
Published: March 2020

Background: In this study 100 cases of thyroid dysfunction were studied for the cardiovascular manifestations. Out of these, 60 cases were of hypothyroidism and 40 cases were of hyperthyroidism.
There was no age bar for inclusion in the study. All of these cases were selected from those attending the Endocrinology OPD in IMCHRC hospital, Indore.
Result: 78.3% cases of hypothyroidism in our study were suffering from obesity. Relationship between age group and obesity was not significant in these patients. In our study out of 40 patients suffering from hypothyroidism 10 (25%) patients have DM. In our study out of 60 patients suffering from hypothyroidism 28(46.7%) patients were have DM. In our study out of 40 patients of hyperthyroidism, 12 had dyslipidemia. In our study out of 60 patients of hypothyroidism, 41 had dyslipidemia.
Conclusion: In our study out of 60 patients suffering from hypothyroidism 28(46.7%) patients were found to have diabetes mellitus. All were females. Out of 60 patients of hypothyroidism, 33 had diastolic hypertension. Out of these 6.1% were male and 93.9% were female. Out of 60 patients of hypothyroidism, 41 had dyslipidemia, of these 97.6% were females only 2.4% were male.
Keywords: Cardiac, Manifestation, Thyroid, Hyperthyroidism & Hypothyroidism.