bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increase in Gonorrhea Incidence Associated With Enhanced Partner Notification Strategy
Authors: Schleihauf Emily , Leonard Erin , Phillips Carrie , Hatchette Todd , Haldane David , Arnason Trevor , Martin Irene , Whelan Noella 
Published: October 2019

Objectives
Partner notification services for reportable sexually transmitted infections vary based on jurisdiction, resources, type of infection, and whether an outbreak has been reported. The objective of this study was to determine whether case finding increased after implementation of enhanced notification and follow-up activities for contacts of cases of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Central Zone, the largest health authority in Nova Scotia, Canada.

Methods
Enhanced contact tracing by public health professionals was implemented in May 2015. N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) was conducted on all positive specimens. Epidemiologic and NG-MAST information for reported gonorrhea cases were captured and analyzed. Case numbers, rates, and NG-MAST results in the preintervention and postintervention periods were compared. Laboratory testing data were extracted and analyzed for association with reported incidence.

Results
There was a significant increase in the number of reported gonorrhea cases per month when comparing the preintervention and postintervention periods. The reported gonorrhea rate in 2016 was 2.9 times that in 2014. This increase was not associated with changes in testing rates and was more pronounced among women than men. Larger groups of cases sharing the same NG-MAST profiles were detected postintervention.

Conclusions
The implementation of an enhanced contact tracing program for N. gonorrhoeae resulted in increased case finding and a notable increase in the reported rate of cases per 100,000 population. Owing to these findings, the practice of enhanced partner notification was continued as standard public health practice in Central Zone. An understanding of case finding efforts is required when interpreting observed trends in rates of N. gonorrhoeae, as early infection is highly asymptomatic in women and can be asymptomatic in men.
Does Racial Disparity in Kidney Transplant Waitlisting Persist After Accounting for Social Determinants of Health?
Authors: Ng Yue-Harn , Pankratz V. Shane , Leyva Yuridia , Ford C. Graham , Pleis John R. , Kendall Kellee , Croswell Emilee , Dew Mary Amanda , Shapiro Ron , Switzer Galen E. , Unruh Mark L. , Myaskovsky Larissa 
Published: October 2019

Background.
African Americans (AA) have lower rates of kidney transplantation (KT) compared with Whites (WH), even after adjusting for demographic and medical factors. In this study, we examined whether the racial disparity in KT waitlisting persists after adjusting for social determinants of health (eg, cultural, psychosocial, and knowledge).

Methods.
We prospectively followed a cohort of 1055 patients who were evaluated for KT between 3 of 10 to 10 of 12 and followed through 8 of 18. Participants completed a semistructured telephone interview shortly after their first KT evaluation appointment. We used the Wilcoxon rank-sum and Pearson chi-square tests to examine race differences in the baseline characteristics. We then assessed racial differences in the probability of waitlisting while accounting for all predictors using cumulative incidence curves and Fine and Gray proportional subdistribution hazards models.

Results.
There were significant differences in the baseline characteristics between non-Hispanic AA and non-Hispanic WH. AA were 25% less likely (95% confidence interval, 0.60-0.96) to be waitlisted than WH even after adjusting for medical factors and social determinants of health. In addition, being older, having lower income, public insurance, more comorbidities, and being on dialysis decreased the probability of waitlisting while having more social support and transplant knowledge increased the probability of waitlisting.

Conclusions.
Racial disparity in kidney transplant waitlisting persisted even after adjusting for medical factors and social determinants of health, suggesting the need to identify novel factors that impact racial disparity in transplant waitlisting. Developing interventions targeting cultural and psychosocial factors may enhance equity in access to transplantation.
Pediatric Montages in Clinical Practice
Authors: San Juan Daniel O. , Ordóñez Mario Ulises Ávila , Montufar Juan Pablo Muñoz , Hortiales Sabino Suárez , Anschel David J. 
Published: October 2019

Summary:
The montages in clinical EEG recordings in neonates, infants, and children follow some basic principles of adolescent or adult EEG recordings; however, special considerations are needed to obtain optimal diagnostic yield in pediatric patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the pediatric montages recommended in clinical practice in the standard clinical neurophysiology laboratory and in special situations.
Tensor Factorization-based Prediction with an Application to Estimating the Risk of Chronic Diseases
Authors: Wang Haolin , Zhang Qingpeng , Chen Frank Youhua , Man Leung Eman Yee , Yi Wong Eliza Lai , Yeoh Eng-Kiong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTensor factorization has emerged as a powerful method to address the challenges of high dimensionality regarding disease development and comorbidity. Chronic diseases have a high likelihood to co-occur, making patients suffering from one chronic disease to have an elevated risk for the other diseases in the course of aging. Individualized prediction of chronic diseases can help patients prevent new diseases and reduce the healthcare costs. Despite rich results of risk assessment models for chronic diseases, individualized risk prediction considering the complex mechanisms of disease development and comorbidity remains to be under-researched. This research aims to develop tensor factorization-based machine learning models to predict the onset of new chronic diseases for individual patients through incorporating the comorbidity patterns with the clinical and sequential factors revealed in the electronic health records (EHR) data. We propose two tensor factorization-based methods to incorporate the clinical and sequential factors to reveal the latent patterns of co-occurring chronic diseases. The efficacy of the proposed methods was validated through predicting the onset of new chronic diseases for individual patients using the EHR data for 23 years from a major hospital in Hong Kong. The proposed methods consistently outperform benchmark predictive models. The top 10 predictions of new chronic diseases have approximately 60% recall. Tensor factorization is an appropriate method for predicting the onset of chronic diseases at the individual level. The proposed predictive models could inform proactive health management programs for at-risk patients with different chronic conditions at discharge.Author summaryThe existing risk assessment models mainly focused on the prediction of single diseases in the population base. Chronic disease risk prediction considering the complex mechanisms of disease development and comorbidity is under-researched. To support and inform clinical decision making for healthcare professionals in the aging society, this study provides an innovative approach to mapping an interconnected web of chronic illnesses and investigated the performance of chronic disease prediction using 2 years’ worth of patient assessment records and 23 years’ admission history data from a major hospital in Hong Kong. We proposed matrix and tensor-based methods to represent the high-order interrelations of patients, chronic diseases and additional features, which can reveal the latent patterns of co-occurring chronic diseases to enable more effective prediction. The proposed methods exhibit state-of-the-art performance in predicting the onset of new chronic diseases for individual patients.
Suppressor mutations in Mecp2-null mice reveal that the DNA damage response is key to Rett syndrome pathology
Authors: Enikanolaiye Adebola , Ruston Julie , Zeng Rong , Taylor Christine , Shrock Marijke , Buchovecky Christie M. , Shendure Jay , Acar Elif , Justice Monica J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMutations in X-linked methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) cause Rett syndrome (RTT). We carried out a genetic screen for secondary mutations that improved phenotypes in Mecp2/Y mice after mutagenesis with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU), aiming to identify potential therapeutic entry points. Here we report the isolation of 106 founder animals that show suppression of Mecp2-null traits from screening 3,177 Mecp2/Y genomes. Using exome sequencing, genetic crosses and association analysis, we identify 33 candidate genes in 30 of the suppressor lines. A network analysis shows that 61% of the candidate genes cluster into the functional categories of transcriptional repression, chromatin modification or DNA repair, delineating a pathway relationship with MECP2. Many mutations lie in genes that are predicted to modulate synaptic signaling or lipid homeostasis. Surprisingly, mutations in genes that function in the DNA damage response (DDR) also improve symptoms in Mecp2/Y mice. The combinatorial effects of multiple loci can be resolved by employing association analysis. One line, which was previously reported to carry a suppressor mutation in a gene required for cholesterol synthesis, Sqle, carries a second mutation in retinoblastoma binding protein 8 (Rbbp8 or CtIP), which regulates a DDR choice in double stranded break (DSB) repair. Cells from Mecp2/Y mice have increased DSBs, so this finding suggests that the balance between homology directed repair and non-homologous end joining is important for neuronal cells. In this and other lines, the presence of two suppressor mutations confers better symptom improvement than one locus alone, suggesting that combination therapies could be effective in RTT.
eMED-DNA: Anin silicooperating system for clinical medical data storage within the human genome
Authors: Jakaria Md. , Sarker Kowshika , Uddin Mostofa Rafid , Islam Md. Mohaiminul , Das Trisha , Shakur Rameen , Bayzid Md. Shamsuzzoha 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe propitious developments in molecular biology and next generation sequencing have enabled the possibility for DNA storage technologies. However, the full application and power of our genomic revolution have not been fully utilized in clinical medicine given a lack of transition from research to real world clinical practice. This has identified an increasing need for an operating system which allows for the transition from research to clinical use. We present eMED-DNA, anin silicooperating system for archiving and managing all forms of electronic health records (EHRs) within one’s own copy of the sequenced genome to aid in the application and integration of genomic medicine within real world clinical practice. We incorporated an efficient and sophisticatedin-DNA file management system for the lossless management of EHRs within a genome. This represents the firstin silicointegrative system which would bring closer the utopian ideal for integrating genotypic data with phenotypic clinical data for future medical practice.
Deglycosylation of isoflavone C–glucoside puerarin by combination of two recombinant bacterial enzymes and 3–oxo–glucose
Authors: Nakamura Kenichi , Zhu Shu , Komatsu Katsuko , Hattori Masao , Iwashima Makoto 
Published: October 2019

AbstractC–Glucosides are resistant to glycoside hydrolase activity because the anomeric carbon of glucose is directly connected to aglycone via carbon-carbon bonding. A human intestinal bacterium strain PUE related to Dorea species can metabolize the isoflavone C–glucoside puerarin (daidzein 8–C–glucoside) to daidzein and glucose by more than three bacterial enzymes which have not been well-characterized. We previously reported that 3”–oxo–puerarin is an essential reaction intermediate in enzymatic puerarin degradation and characterized a bacterial enzyme of DgpB–C complex which cleaved the C–glycosidic bond in 3”–oxo–puerarin. However, the exact enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of C–3” hydroxyl in puerarin has not been identified, and the other metabolite corresponding to the precursor of D–glucose, derived from the sugar moiety in 3”–oxo–puerarin in the cleaving reaction catalyzed by the DgpB–C complex, remains unknown.In this study, we demonstrated that recombinant DgpA, a Gfo/Idh/MocA family oxidoreductase, catalyzed puerarin oxidation in the presence of 3–oxo–glucose as the hydride accepter. In addition, enzymatic C–deglycosylation of puerarin was achieved by a combination of recombinant DgpA, DgpB–C complex, and 3–oxo–glucose. Furthermore, the metabolite derived from the sugar moiety in 3”–oxo–puerarin cleaving reaction catalyzed by DgpB–C complex was characterized as 1,5–anhydro–D–erythro –hex–1–en–3–ulose, suggesting that the C–glycosidic linkage is cleaved through a β–elimination like mechanism.ImportanceOne important role of the gut microbiota is to metabolize dietary nutrients and supplements such as flavonoid glycosides. Ingested glycosides are metabolized by intestinal bacteria to more absorbable aglycones and further degradation products which show beneficial effects in humans. Although numerous glycoside hydrolases that catalyze O–deglycosylation have been reported, enzymes responsible for C–deglycosylation are still limited. In this study, we characterized enzymes involved in C–deglycosylation of puerarin from a human intestinal bacterium PUE. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the expression, purification and characterization of an oxidoreductase involved in C–glucoside degradation. This study provides new insights for the elucidation of mechanisms of enzymatic C–deglycosylation.
Protein profiling reveals the characteristic changes of complement cascade pathway in the tissues of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma
Authors: Fan Yang , Bai Bin , Ren Yan , Liu Yanxia , Zhou Fenli , Lou Xiaomin , Zi Jin , Hou Guixue , Zhao Qingchuan , Liu Siqi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSignet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a histological subtype of gastric cancer that has distinct features in cellular morphology, epidemiology and clinicopathology compared with adenocarcinomas (ACs). Lacking of systematically molecular overview to this disease made a slow progress in diagnosis and therapy for SRCC. In the present proteomics study, the gastric tissues were collected from tumor and adjacent regions including 14 SRCC and 34 AC cases, and laser capture microdissection (LCM) was employed to eradicate cellular heterogeneity of the tissues. Over 6,000 proteins were quantified through data independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS). The quantitative profiles of proteomes in tumor tissues, either AC or SRCC, were dramatically different from that in the corresponding adjacencies, whereas the SRCC proteomes appeared not distinguishable to the AC proteomes via hierarchical clustering. However, focusing on univariate analysis and pathway enrichment unrevealed that some proteins and pathways bared the differences between SRCC and ACs. Importantly, the abundance changes for a bulk of proteins involved in complement cascade were highly associated with SRCC but not so sensitive to the AC status. A hypothesis, therefore, was proposed that the complement cascade was evoked in the SRCC microenvironment upon infiltration, while the SRCC cells survived from the complement cytotoxicity by secreting negative regulators. Moreover, an attempt was made to seek appropriate cell model for gastric SRCC, through proteomic comparison of the 15 gastric cell lines and the gastric tumors. The prediction upon supervised classifier suggested none of these gastric cell lines qualified in mimic to SRCC.
Analyzing foreign expansion and corporate reputation: review and future research agenda
Authors: Velez-Ocampo Juan , Gonzalez-Perez Maria Alejandra 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on corporate reputation and internationalization to identify key research theories, contexts, characteristics, methodologies, applications, limitations and opportunities for future research on the interlinks between these two complex constructs.

Design/methodology/approach
Elements of systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis were used to analyze theories, contexts, characteristics, methodologies and opportunities for future research based on 90 articles published in 50 journals over 27 years.

Findings
The findings suggest that this is a contemporary yet expanding research field explored from a variety of theoretical, methodological and empirical standpoints, which hinders broad conclusions and warrants further research. More specifically, this paper identifies three broad research streams that link international expansion and corporate reputation and suggests avenues for future studies: cross-national institutions, strategic decisions and corporate reputation; international marketing, consumers and brand credibility; and corporate image, international trade and investment flows.

Originality/value
Reputation and internationalization are constructs with multiple applications and interpretations. The way companies build, maintain and extend their reputation and legitimacy, and the drivers, motives and difficulties faced by them when expanding operations internationally have been widely studied separately. This manuscript reviews the nascent and promising linkage between these two elements that have recently drawn the attention of business practitioners and scholars alike.
Attaining economic growth through financial development and foreign direct investment
Authors: Pradhan Rudra , Arvin Mak B. , Bahmani Sahar , Hall John H. 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider the heterogeneous relationship among financial development, foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth, examining the possible directions of causality among them in both the short and long runs.Design/methodology/approachA sample of the G-20 countries over the period 1970–2016 is utilized. A vector error-correction model is used to consider the possible directions of causality among financial development, FDI and economic growth.FindingsResults suggest a cointegrating relationship among the three series. Although short-run links among the variables are mostly non-uniform, both financial development and FDI matter in the determination of long-run economic growth.Practical implicationsAttention must be paid to policies that promote financial development. This, in turn, calls for fostering incentives to guarantee continued support to liberalize the economy and promoting capital openness. Additionally, financial infrastructure should be improved to improve financial innovation. The establishment of a well-developed financial market, including well-functioning banks and other financial institutions, can facilitate further investment and an easier means of raising capital to support the activities of FDI. Economic growth can ultimately be elevated through both financial development and FDI.Originality/valueThe study considers a sample of the G-20 countries, which have received relatively little attention in the existing literature. In addition, the study concurrently analyses the trivariate causal relationship among financial development, FDI and economic growth, a topic on which there has been a dearth of research.
Highs and Lows: A Previously Unattested Tone Split from Vowel Height in Metnyo Ambel
Authors: Arnold Laura 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAmbel is a tonal Austronesian (South Halmahera‐West New Guinea) language, spoken to the west of New Guinea. There are two dialects of Ambel: Metsam and Metnyo. In this paper, the segments and tones of proto‐Ambel monosyllables are reconstructed. Proto‐Ambel had two tones, *High and *Rise; toneless monosyllables are also reconstructed. The tonal phonology of Metsam Ambel is identical with the proto‐Ambel system. The tone system of Metnyo Ambel, however, has undergone two innovations: an unconditioned merger of *Rise and toneless syllables; and a primary split affecting proto‐Ambel toneless syllables. Notably, this latter change was conditioned by vowel height: toneless monosyllables with high vowel nuclei (*i or *u) remained toneless, while those with non‐high vowel nuclei (*e, *a, or *o) merged with *High tone. The diachronic development of High tone on non‐high vowels has not previously been attested. The possible mechanisms that caused this split will therefore be given special attention. Based on experimental phonetic evidence, it will be argued that the split was caused by the neutralisation, in low‐pitched contexts, of the intrinsic differences in fundamental frequency found between high and low vowels; combined with the utilisation of Intrinsic Pitch, an auditory mechanism used to compensate for intrinsic f0 differences.
Intraabdominal pressure in non‐laboring preeclamptic vs normotensive patients undergoing cesarean section: A prospective observational study
Authors: Arora Vandna , Tyagi Asha , Ramanujam Mukundan , Luthra Ankit 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionIt is hypothesized that increased intraabdominal pressure (IAP) may be a cause of preeclampsia. There is, however, a paucity of clinical data regarding IAP in preeclamptics. We evaluated and compared the IAP and its effects on organ functions, in normotensive and preeclamptic patients.Material and methodsPreviously healthy non‐laboring patients with a singleton pregnancy scheduled for elective cesarean section under subarachnoid block were enrolled (preeclamptic and normotensive; n = 29 each). IAP was measured using an indwelling Foley catheter, and compared in both cohorts at four predefined time points: just before subarachnoid block, immediately after the onset of sensory block to T6 dermatomal level, just after surgery, and 2 hours later. In addition, the presence of organ dysfunction for respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, hematopoietic and central nervous systems were evaluated for association with IAP.ResultsAlthough age, body mass index, gravidity, parity, serum bilirubin, serum creatinine, PaO2/FiO2 ratio and Glasgow coma score of the preeclamptic and normotensive patients were similar, the mean blood pressure was significantly higher (P < 0.001), the period of gestation less (P = 0.003) and the platelet count lower (P = 0.020) in the former. The IAP was significantly higher in the preeclamptic group at all four time points: respectively, 15.1 (1.0) vs 14.2 (0.9) mm Hg (P = 0.002); 14.9 (0.9) vs 14.1 (1.0) mm Hg (P = 0.002), 10.4 (1.0) vs 9.5 (1.3) mm Hg (P = 0.008) and 10.2 (0.8) vs 9.2 (1.2) mm Hg (P = 0.001). There was no correlation between the IAP and various organ dysfunctions.ConclusionsPreeclampsia is associated with a significantly higher IAP in patients undergoing a cesarean section. The clinical relevance of this finding needs further investigation.