bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A propriedade da terra no Uruguai: Formação social, politicas publicas, território e industria de celulose
Authors: Pisson Horacio Martin 
Published: October 2020

Desde o ano 2005, com a chegada ao governo da força progressista da “Frente Ampla”, o Uruguai atravessa por um ciclo de estabilidade político- econômica e governabilidade que tem lhe permitido manter um ritmo de crescimento relativamente constante, em um contexto regional marcado pela arremetida do conservadorismo e a direita neoliberal. Durante este ciclo foram notórios os avanços em matéria de direitos individuais e laborais, na redução da pobreza e exclusão social, etc., em consonância com a consolidação de um modelo produtivo baseado na exportação em grande escala de produtos primários e caracterizado pela concentração e anonimato sobre a propriedade da terra. Isto, por sua vez, se apoia em políticas públicas que estabelecem um marco regulatório que garante grandes vantagens ás empresas (concessões, isenções fiscais, etc.), visando assim atrair investimentos (estrangeiros) como forma de inserção internacional. A indústria da celulose, que começou em 2007, baseada no monocultivo de eucalipto, é hoje um pilar fundamental deste modelo, com a particularidade de ser uma indústria conduzida por grandes empresas transnacionais, que produzem baixo o regime de Zonas Francas e que são as maiores proprietárias de terra no país. Com a iminente instalação de uma terceira fábrica de produção de celulose, abrem-se novas questões em relação à propriedade da terra, a forma de organização espacial das empresas, sob a relação entre estas e o Estado e sobre a capacidade de este de regular soberanamente o território nacional.

Palavras–chave: Formação social - Políticas públicas – Território – Indústria de celulose
New species and new records of black fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) from the Viidumäe Nature Reserve, Estonia
Authors: Menzel Frank , Salmela Jukka , Vilkamaa Pekka 
Published: October 2020

An inventory of Sciaridae (Diptera: Sciaroidea) from a eutrophic fen and a spring brook in Viidumäe Nature Reserve (Estonia, Saaremaa Island) recorded a total of 60 species, of which 57 are new records for Estonia, including two that are new to science and described herein as Cratyna (Diversicratyna) palustricola sp. nov. (Estonia) and Sciara bryophila sp. nov. (Estonia, Finland). This has raised the number of Sciaridae known from Estonia from 6 to 63.
Predecir el comportamiento del cliente con la lealtad de activación por periodo. Del RFM al RFMAP
Authors: Alet Vilaginés Josep 
Published: October 2020

Objective: Identify a new model of predicting customer behavior based on new variables that can be used by marketing management and adapted to their business planning. Methodology: New model has been used, with the definition of new calculation systems of the traditional variables R, Recency, F, Frequency, and M, monetary value, (RFM), related to the business periods. Besides, activation in each period P becomes a key variable for constructing the purchase cohorts of customers and identifying their potential. A new variable, Activation Loyalty, is recognized as a good proxy of the likelihood of future customer purchases. The model builds a weighting through a multiple regression analysis obtaining β for each variable, including the periods of activation, presenting the relative effect of the variables, and the best global explanation of the model. Results: This new model, RFMAP, which includes Activation Periods and Activation Loyalty, presents a higher prediction accuracy and improvements over traditional models with a clear impact, useful and manageable lines of segmentation, and prioritization for marketing management in CRM systems. Limitations: The main limitation of this model consists that it is based on data of only one company, and it should show the value in other sectors and give a full insight through its transversal application. Practical implications: The involved advantages demonstrated better predictability and usefulness to decision-makers, not only to determine the best customers but also with lapsed ones. It gives a meaningful explanation of differences in customer behavior, which are present in the data and are being reflected in the model. Also, it provides a prescriptive prioritization of variables to be managed in the marketing plan and how to be implemented.
Understanding Barriers in the Pathway to Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results From a US Survey of 1690 Physicians From 10 Specialties
Authors: Magrey Marina , Yi Esther , Wolin Daniel , Price Mark , Chirila Costel , Davenport Eric , Park Yujin 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveEarly diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) remains challenging because of the high prevalence of chronic back pain in patients initially treated by nonrheumatology health care providers (HCPs). We assessed the patient pathway to rheumatology referral, including HCP recognition of inflammatory back pain (IBP) and other features suggestive of AS, diagnostic workup, treatment, and referral to a specialist with the goal of identifying barriers to patient referral to a rheumatologist.MethodsUS HCPs from 10 specialties were invited to participate in a cross‐sectional web‐based survey on clinical characteristics and diagnostic measures leading to IBP suspicion and the subsequent referral process. Eligible HCPs were actively practicing and had referred a patient with suspected IBP or ocular findings (ophthalmology only) within 12 months. Data were analyzed descriptively.ResultsOf 1690 HCPs, 61% identified morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes, 29% sleep disturbance due to back pain, and 28% pain that improves with activity as features suggestive of IBP. Nearly two‐thirds of primary care HCPs reported that they were the first HCPs consulted by patients with suspected IBP. Among HCPs ordering diagnostic blood work, approximately 90% selected antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid factor, whereas 76% selected human leukocyte antigen B27. Almost 40% would treat patients with suspected IBP themselves. HCPs cited lack of adequate specialists nearby (35.1%), insurance restrictions (47.1%), and long wait time (77.0%) as barriers to early referral.ConclusionMost HCPs had difficulty identifying features suggestive of IBP and indicated insurance restrictions and long wait times as barriers to early referral of patients with potential AS.
Mixed‐Valence Copper Selenide as an Anode for Ultralong Lifespan Rocking‐Chair Zn‐Ion Batteries: An Insight into its Intercalation/Extraction Kinetics and Charge Storage Mechanism
Authors: Yang Yang , Xiao Jinfei , Cai Jinyan , Wang Gongming , Du Wencheng , Zhang Yufei , Lu Xihong , Li Cheng Chao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnvironment‐friendly and low‐cost aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have received considerable attention for large‐scale energy storage. However, the low coulombic efficiency and potential safety hazards of Zn‐metal anodes severely hinder their practical implementations. Herein, for the first time, mixed‐valence Cu2−xSe is proposed as a new intercalation anode to construct Zn‐metal‐free rocking‐chair ZIBs with a long lifespan. It is found that the introduction of low‐valence Cu not only modify active sites for Zn2+ ion storage, but also optimizes the electronic interaction between the active sites and the intercalated Zn2+ ion, leading to a favorable intercalation formation energy (−0.68 eV) and reduced diffusion barrier, as demonstrated by first‐principles calculation. Ex situ X‐ray diffraction, ex situ transmission electron microscopy and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique measurements reveal the reversible insertion/extraction of Zn2+ in Cu2−xSe via an intercalation reaction mechanism. Owing to the rigid host structure and facile Zn2+ diffusion kinetics, the Cu2−xSe nanorod anode shows an enhanced coulombic efficiency (above 99.5%), outstanding rate capability and excellent cycling stability. The as‐fabricated ZnxMnO2||Cu2−xSe Zn‐ion full battery exhibits an impressive electrochemical performance, particularly an ultralong cycle life of over 20 000 cycles at 2 A g−1. This study is expected to provide new opportunities for developing high‐performance rechargeable aqueous ZIBs.
Magneto‐Mechanical Metamaterials with Widely Tunable Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Bandgaps
Authors: Montgomery S. Macrae , Wu Shuai , Kuang Xiao , Armstrong Connor D. , Zemelka Cole , Ze Qiji , Zhang Rundong , Zhao Ruike , Qi H. Jerry 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMechanical metamaterials are architected manmade materials that allow for unique behaviors not observed in nature, making them promising candidates for a wide range of applications. Existing metamaterials lack tunability as their properties can only be changed to a limited extent after the fabrication. Herein, a new magneto‐mechanical metamaterial is presented that allows great tunability through a novel concept of deformation mode branching. The architecture of this new metamaterial employs an asymmetric joint design using hard‐magnetic soft active materials that permits two distinct actuation modes (bending and folding) under opposite‐direction magnetic fields. The subsequent application of mechanical compression leads to the deformation mode branching where the metamaterial architecture transforms into two distinctly different shapes, which exhibit very different deformations and enable great tunability in properties such as mechanical stiffness and acoustic bandgaps. Furthermore, this metamaterial design can be incorporated with magnetic shape memory polymers with global stiffness tunability, which also allows for the global shift of the acoustic behaviors. The combination of magnetic and mechanical actuations, as well as shape memory effects, impart wide tunable properties to a new paradigm of metamaterials.
Highly Energy‐Dissipative, Fast Self‐Healing Binder for Stable Si Anode in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jiao Xingxing , Yin Jianqing , Xu Xieyu , Wang Jialin , Liu Yangyang , Xiong Shizhao , Zhang Qilu , Song Jiangxuan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA double‐wrapped binder has been rationally designed with high Young's modulus polyacrylic acid (PAA) inside and low Young's modulus bifunctional polyurethane (BFPU) outside to address the large inner stress of silicon anode with drastic volume changes during cycling. Harnessing the “hard to soft” gradient distribution strategy, the rigid PAA acts as a protective layer to dissipate the inner stress first during lithiation, while the elastic binder BFPU serves as a buffer layer to disperse residual stress, and thus avoids structural damage of rigid PAA. Moreover, the introduction of BFPU with fast self‐healing ability can dynamically recover the microcracks arising from large stress, further ensuring the integrity of silicon anode. This multifunctional binder with smart design of double‐wrapped structure provides enlightenment on enlarging the cycling life of high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries that suffer enormous volume change during the cycling process.
Post‐Synthetic Modification of Metal–Organic Frameworks Toward Applications
Authors: Mandal Sukhendu , Natarajan Srinivasan , Mani Prabu , Pankajakshan Asha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPost‐synthetic modification (PSM) of metal–organic framework (MOF) compounds is a useful technique for preparing new MOFs that can exhibit or enhance many of the properties of the parent MOFs. PSM can be carried out by a number of approaches such as modifying the linker (ligand) and/or metal node, and adsorption/exchange of guest species. The surface environment of the MOF can be modified to increase structural stability as well as introducing desired properties. There is considerable scope in widening the applications of the MOF with compatible metal or ligand employing the PSM. This review focuses on the recent developments of modified materials through PSM, which augers well for the chemical modification and functionalization of MOFs. In this review, different types of PSM methods are presented in an orderly manner, and the diverse applications of resultant frameworks are described and discussed.
Symmetry Breaking in Monometallic Nanocrystals toward Broadband and Direct Electron Transfer Enhanced Plasmonic Photocatalysis
Authors: Shao Wei , Pan Qianqian , Chen Qiaoli , Zhu Chongzhi , Tao Weijian , Zhu Haiming , Song Huijun , Liu Xuelu , Tan Ping‐Heng , Sheng Guan , Sun Tulai , Li Xiaonian , Zhu Yihan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMetallic nanocrystals manifest themselves as fascinating light absorbers for applications in plasmon‐enhanced photocatalysis and solar energy harvesting. The essential challenges lie in harvesting the full‐spectrum solar light and harnessing the plasmon‐induced hot carriers at the metal–acceptor interface. To this end, a cooperative overpotential and underpotential deposition strategy is proposed to mitigate both the challenges. Specifically, by utilizing both ionic additive and thiol passivator to introduce symmetry‐breaking growth over gold icosahedral nanocrystals, the microscopic origin can be attributed to the site‐specific nucleation of stacking faults and dislocations. By adopting asymmetric crystal shape and unique surface facets, such nanocrystals attain high activity toward photocatalytic ammonia borane hydrolysis, arising from combined broadband plasmonic properties and enhanced direct transfer of hot electrons across the metal–adsorbate interface.
Enzyme‐Degradable 3D Multi‐Material Microstructures
Authors: Gräfe David , Gernhardt Marvin , Ren Jiongyu , Blasco Eva , Wegener Martin , Woodruff Maria Ann , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere exists a growing need for smart materials suitable for use in biomedical applications. Herein, a photoresist that can be used to fabricate a biocompatible material entirely degradable by the enzyme chymotrypsin is introduced. The photoresist is based on a crosslinker with a tyramine moiety that is recognized and cleaved by the enzyme chymotrypsin. Macroscopic films as well as microstructures are fabricated via the use of direct laser writing. Multi‐material boxing ring microstructures are generated and selectively degraded by the enzyme. Cell biocompatibility studies indicate that cells are able to attach and proliferate over one week on the material. A photoresist that is biocompatible and can be entirely removed by a biocompatible stimulus such as an enzyme can potentially be used as an easily removed tissue engineering scaffold and is especially promising for basic cell biology research.
Double‐Side Si Photoelectrode Enabled by Chemical Passivation for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions
Authors: Liu Bin , Wang Shujie , Feng Shijia , Li He , Yang Lifei , Wang Tuo , Gong Jinlong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper describes a Si photoelectrode with an ultra‐long minority carrier diffusion length (1940 µm) passivated by an amorphous Si layer, which provides a chemically passivated surface. With this extremely long carrier diffusion length, it is possible to separate the catalyst layer (metal) with the light absorption region on different sides of the Si photoelectrode, forming a double‐side Si photoelectrode for photoelectrochemical water reduction and oxidation. The obtained photocathode exhibits a photocurrent of 39 mA cm−2 and applied bias photon‐to‐current efficiencies (ABPE) of 15.4% with stability up to 100 h. Meanwhile, 38.5 mA cm−2 photocurrent and ABPE of 5.8% with a 200 h stability are achieved when this structure is used as a photoanode. A monolithic unbiased artificial leaf is constructed, yielding an unbiased solar to hydrogen conversion efficiency of 3.7%. This chemically passivated Si photoelectrode breaks the trade‐off between carrier transport and surface passivation in conventional Si photoelectrodes.
Organic Long‐Persistent Luminescence from a Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Compound
Authors: Li Wenbo , Li Zhaoning , Si Changfeng , Wong Michael Y. , Jinnai Kazuya , Gupta Abhishek Kumar , Kabe Ryota , Adachi Chihaya , Huang Wei , Zysman‐Colman Eli , Samuel Ifor D. W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOrganic long‐persistent luminescence (OLPL) is one of the most promising methods for long‐lived‐emission applications. However, present room‐temperature OLPL emitters are mainly based on a bimolecular exciplex system which usually needs an expensive small molecule such as 2,8‐bis(diphenyl‐phosphoryl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophene (PPT) as the acceptor. In this study, a new thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compound, 3‐(4‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)phenyl)acenaphtho[1,2‐b]pyrazine‐8,9‐dicarbonitrile (CzPhAP), is designed, which also shows OLPL in many well‐known hosts such as PPT, 2,2′,2″‐(1,3,5‐benzinetriyl)‐tris(1‐phenyl‐1‐H‐benzimidazole) (TPBi), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), without any exciplex formation, and its OLPL duration reaches more than 1 h at room temperature. Combining the low cost of PMMA manufacture and flexible designs of TADF molecules, pure organic, large‐scale, color tunable, and low‐cost room‐temperature OLPL applications become possible. Moreover, it is found that the onset of the 77 K afterglow spectra from a TADF‐emitter‐doped film is not necessarily reliable for determining the lowest triplet state energy level. This is because in some TADF‐emitter‐doped films, optical excitation can generate charges (electron and holes) that can later recombine to form singlet excitons during the phosphorescence spectrum measurement. The spectrum taken in the phosphorescence time window at low temperature may consequently consist of both singlet and triplet emission.
Magnetic‐Pole Flip by Millimeter Wave
Authors: Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi , Yoshikiyo Marie , Imoto Kenta , Nakagawa Kosuke , Namai Asuka , Tokoro Hiroko , Yahagi Yuji , Takeuchi Kyohei , Jia Fangda , Miyashita Seiji , Nakajima Makoto , Qiu Hongsong , Kato Kosaku , Yamaoka Takehiro , Shirata Masashi , Naoi Kenji , Yagishita Koichi , Doshita Hiroaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the era of Big Data and the Internet of Things, data archiving is a key technology. From this viewpoint, magnetic recordings are drawing attention because they guarantee long‐term data storage. To archive an enormous amount of data, further increase of the recording density is necessary. Herein a new magnetic recording methodology, “focused‐millimeter‐wave‐assisted magnetic recording (F‐MIMR),” is proposed. To test this methodology, magnetic films based on epsilon iron oxide nanoparticles are prepared and a focused‐millimeter‐wave generator is constructed using terahertz (THz) light. Irradiating the focused millimeter wave to epsilon iron oxide instantly switches its magnetic pole direction. The spin dynamics of F‐MIMR are also calculated using the stochastic Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert model considering all of the spins in an epsilon iron oxide nanoparticle. In F‐MIMR, the heat‐up effect of the recording media is expected to be suppressed. Thus, F‐MIMR can be applied to high‐density magnetic recordings.
High‐Throughput Computational Characterization of 2D Compositionally Complex Transition‐Metal Chalcogenide Alloys
Authors: Wang Duo , Liu Lei , Basu Neha , Zhuang Houlong L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract2D binary transition‐metal chalcogenides (TMCs) such as molybdenum disulfide exhibit excellent properties required for energy conversion applications. Alloying binary TMCs can form 2D compositionally complex TMC alloys (CCTMCAs) that possess remarkable properties from the constituent TMCs. High‐throughput workflow performing density functional theory (DFT) calculations based on the virtual crystal approximation (VCA) model (VCA‐DFT) is designed. The workflow is tested by predicting properties including in‐plane lattice constants, band gaps, effective masses, spin–orbit coupling, and band alignments of the Mo‐W‐S‐Se, Mo‐W‐S‐Te, and Mo‐W‐Se‐Te 2D CCTMCAs. The VCA‐DFT results are validated by computing the same properties using unit cells and supercells of selected compositions. The VCA‐DFT results of the abovementioned five properties are comparable to that of DFT calculations, with some inaccuracies in several properties of MoSTe and WSTe. Moreover, 2D CCTMCAs can form type II heterostructures as used in photovoltaics. Finally, Mo0.5W0.5SSe, Mo0.5W0.5STe, and Mo0.5W0.5SeTe 2D CCTMCAs are used to demonstrate the room‐temperature entropy‐stabilized alloys. They also exhibit high electrical conductivities at 300 K, promising for light adsorption devices. This work shows that the high‐throughput workflow using VCA‐DFT calculations provides a tradeoff between efficiency and accuracy, opening up opportunities in the computational design of other 2D CCTMCAs for various applications.
Demystifying Charge Transport Limitations in the Porous Electrodes of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hamed Hamid , Yari Saeed , D'Haen Jan , Renner Frank Uwe , Reddy Naveen , Hardy An , Safari Mohammadhosein 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA possible strategy to give a simultaneous boost to the energy and power attributes of the current generation of lithium‐ion batteries is developing thick porous electrodes with a high loading of active material alongside optimal percolation networks for the ions and electrons. However high the insertion capacity and kinetics of the single particle lithium‐insertion materials, the energy and power density of the cell can be capped by the ionic and electronic transport limitations in the porous electrode. In this work, a physical picture grounded in experiment and theory is proposed to spotlight and quantify the pivotal role of the micro‐scale porosity and active‐material loading in determining the tortuosity, effective transport properties, and performance limitations of porous electrodes. The outcome is a phenomenological picture coupled with a theoretical framework for the deconvolution of the relative shares of the electronic and ionic transport limitations over short and long ranges regarding the performance limitation of lithium‐ion batteries.
Transport phenomena in electrolyte solutions: Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and statistical mechanics
Authors: Fong Kara D. , Bergstrom Helen K. , McCloskey Bryan D. , Mandadapu Kranthi K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe theory of transport phenomena in multicomponent electrolyte solutions is presented here through the integration of continuum mechanics, electromagnetism, and nonequilibrium thermodynamics. The governing equations of irreversible thermodynamics, including balance laws, Maxwell's equations, internal entropy production, and linear laws relating the thermodynamic forces and fluxes, are derived. Green–Kubo relations for the transport coefficients connecting electrochemical potential gradients and diffusive fluxes are obtained in terms of the flux–flux time correlations. The relationship between the derived transport coefficients and those of the Stefan–Maxwell and infinitely dilute frameworks are presented, and the connection between the transport matrix and experimentally measurable quantities is described. To exemplify the application of the derived Green–Kubo relations in molecular simulations, the matrix of transport coefficients for lithium and chloride ions in dimethyl sulfoxide is computed using classical molecular dynamics and compared with experimental measurements.