bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on the Secondary Surface Morphology of Electrospun Nanofibers: Formation Mechanisms, Characterizations, and Applications
Authors: Zaarour Bilal , Zhu Lei , Jin Xiangyu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEngineering the secondary surface morphology of fibers (fibers without smooth surface and solid interior) has been attracting significant awareness in various areas and applications. Among different methods of forming nanofibers, electrospinning is the most widely adopted technique due to the ease of forming fibers with a broad range of properties and its unique advantages such as the flexibility to spin into a variety of shapes and sizes as well as adjustable porosity of electrospun structures. In this review paper, more emphasis is put on the secondary surface morphology. A comprehensive overview of the basic principles about the electrospinning process, types of electrospinning, materials, formation mechanisms, characterizations, and applications of electrospun fibers with the secondary surface morphology (e. g. the porous structure, grooved structure, wrinkled structure, rough structure, cactus structure, and hollow structure) are discussed in detail. Importantly, we believe our work can serve as guidelines for the preparations, characterizations, and applications of electrospun fibers with the secondary surface morphology.
Addition of Ce in Cu/Three‐Dimensional Graphene Derived from Watermelon for Low Temperature NH3‐SCR
Authors: Kang Yan , Li Zhifang , Cui Jinxing , Geng Cui , Zhang Chao , Li Peng , Yang Changlong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, 3‐Dimensional Graphene (3DG) prepared by watermelon was used as the supporter to synthesize Cu/3DG, Ce/3DG and Cu−Ce/3DG catalysts by the hydrothermal method, after which they were also investigated in NH3‐SCR. Synergistic mechanism between Ce and Cu was further explored. Experimental results indicated that the three catalysts all exhibited excellent low‐temperature nitrogen oxide reduction activity which reached 99 % and remained unchanged in the range of 250–400 °C. 2Cu‐3Ce/3DG displayed optimal NOx conversion rate, namely, its activity reached 92.9 % at 200 °C that mainly attributed to the increase of the Cu+, Ce3+ and the form of the abundant acid sites. Moreover, the sulfur and water resistance of 2Cu‐3Ce/3DG were tested. At 250 °C, the conversion rate of NOx was increased to 99.1 %, which showed excellent sulfur resistance.
A Dual‐Functional “On‐Off‐On” Relay Fluorescent Probe for the Highly Sensitive Detection of Copper(II) and Phosphate Ions
Authors: Wang Minmin , Wang Chun , Wang Miao , Sun Tongming , Huang Yang , Tang Yanfeng , Ju Jianfeng , Shen Lujie , Hu Yeyu , Zhu Jinli 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA high‐efficiency dual‐functional on‐off‐on fluorescence probe: 2′–4′‐dihydroxydiphenyl‐8‐formyl‐7‐hydroxycoumarin hydrazine (L) based on photoelectron transfer mechanism (PET) was designed and synthesized, and its ion recognition characteristics were fully studied by spectroscopy. As expected, probe L shows highly sensitive to Cu2+ in EtOH‐HEPES (20 mM v/v, 80 : 20, pH =7.40) solution, and its detection limit up to 6.14 ×10−7 M. The stoichiometric ratio of L−Cu2+ complex was determined as 1 : 1 based on 1H NMR titration and ESI‐MS. Meanwhile, the resulted L−Cu2+ complex shows good selectivity for the phosphoric acid family anion (H2PO4−, HPO42− and PO43−), which denote probe L the dual‐function in rapid detection of Cu2+ and phosphate family's ions.
Mg2+ Doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 Hollow Flake–Like Structures with Enhanced Performances Cathodes for Lithium–Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Qiangchao , Cheng Hongwei , Zhao Kangning , Zhou Huijie , Zhao Hongbin , Yao Wenli , Xu Qian , Lu Xionggang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 ternary cathode is a dominant cathode material for lithium ion batteries due to its relatively stable structure. However, LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 still suffers from the poor rate capability and high cation disorder problems. Herein, the Mg–doped Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)0.99Mg0.01O2 cathode materials with hollow flake–like hierarchical fiber structures are successfully synthesized by a facile wet spinning method and the pressing pretreatment of precursor powders on the electrochemical performance is also systematically investigated. The diameter of the pre−synthesized hollow laminar nano−fibers are about 20 μm and approximately 50 nm in thickness with homogeneous primary nanoparticles (∼50 nm). Benefitting from the pillaring effects of inert Mg in the crystal structure and hollow laminar structure, the Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)0.99Mg0.01O2 cathodes deliver significantly improved electrochemical performance, achieving high stability discharge specific capacity 178.8 mA h g−1 with capacity retention of 88 % at 0.5 C (137.5 mA g−1) rate after 200 cycles. Moreover, it maintains a high rate capacity of 110 mA h g−1 even at a current density of 5 C. Based on this work, the conception of combining microstructure design and doping modification can facilitate the development of higher−performance Li−ion battery cathode materials.
Proposed software faults detection using hybrid approach
Authors: Banga Manu , Bansal Abhay 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe major challenge is to validate software failure dataset by finding unknown model parameters used. For software assurance, previously many attempts were made based using classical classifiers as decision tree, Naïve Bayes, and k‐nearest neighbor for software fault prediction. But the accuracy of fault prediction is very low as defect prone modules are very small as compared to defect‐free modules. So, for solving modules fault classification problems and enhancing reliability accuracy, a hybrid algorithm proposed on particle swarm optimization and modified genetic algorithm for feature selection and bagging for effective classification of defective or nondefective modules in a dataset. This paper presents an empirical study on National Aeronautics and Space Administration Metric Data Program datasets, using the proposed hybrid algorithm and results showed that our proposed hybrid approach enhances the classification accuracy compared with existing methods.
Differential calcium channel‐mediated dopaminergic modulation in the subthalamonigral synapse
Authors: Robles‐Gómez Angel A. , Vega Ana V. , Florán Benjamín , Barral Jaime 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDopamine (DA) modulates basal ganglia (BG) activity for initiation and execution of goal‐directed movements and habits. While most studies are aimed to striatal function, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying dopaminergic regulation in other nuclei of the BG are not well understood. Therefore, we set to analyze the dopaminergic modulation occurring in subthalamo‐nigral synapse, in both pars compacta (SNc) and pars reticulata (SNr) neurons, because these synapses are important for the integration of information previously processed in striatum and globus pallidus. In this study, electrophysiological and pharmacological evidence of dopaminergic modulation on glutamate release through calcium channels is presented. Using paired pulse ratio (PPR) measurements and selective blockers of these ionic channels, together with agonists and antagonists of DA D2‐like receptors, we found that blockade of the CaV3 family occludes the presynaptic inhibition produced by the activation of DA receptors pharmacologically profiled as D3‐type in the STh‐SNc synapses. On the contrast, the blockade of CaV2 channels, but not CaV3, occlude with the effect of the D3 agonist, PD 128907, in the STh‐SNr synapse. The functional role of this differential distribution of calcium channels that modulate the release of glutamate in the SN implies a fine adjustment of firing for both classes of neurons. Dopaminergic neurons of the SNc establish a DA tone within the SN based on the excitatory/inhibitory inputs; such tone may contribute to processing information from subthalamic nucleus and could also be involved in pathological DA depletion that drives hyperexcitation of SNr neurons.
Scaffolding Self‐Correction During Oral Reading
Authors: Johnson Tracy , Mikita Clara , Rodgers Emily , D’Agostino Jerome V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent research has demonstrated that self‐correction is particularly important for beginning and struggling readers; readers who self‐correct more make progress more quickly. The authors describe findings from that research, outline how self‐correcting behavior might vary, and provide suggestions for how students’ self‐corrections can inform scaffolded instruction.
Evaluation of heavy metals stability and phosphate mobility in the remediation of sediment by calcium nitrate
Authors: Zhou Jizhi , Zhang Mingqi , Ji Meiting , Wang Zhenghua , Hou Hao , Zhang Jia , Huang Xin , Hursthouse Andrew , Qian Guangren 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe injection of oxidants is one of the useful remediation technologies for eliminating hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3/) in aquatic sediments. In the current work, the impact of calcium nitrate injection on the release of heavy metals associated with phosphate was evaluated in a column test of sediment with overlying water at a volume ratio of 1:1 for 131 days. Sulfide was significantly oxidized by calcium nitrate, as its amount was reduced substantially by 85% from the 20th to the 30th day, with a decrease in the oxidation–reduction potential to −68 mV and a simultaneous increase in pH to 9.83. Over 50% of the mobile Zn, Pb, and Cu were reprecipitated in the sediment when the phosphate was partially released. It is proposed that the heavy metal immobilization was related to the phosphate content in the pore water due to the precipitation of heavy metals and phosphorus on the surface of Fe hydroxide particles after oxidation. This is supported by chemical fraction analysis of the heavy metals in the sediment, which indicated increased residual fractions of heavy metals. Our results provide an insight into the remediation of sediment by oxidation with a self‐stabilization of heavy metals and phosphate.Practitioner points

Effective removal of sulfide after calcium nitrate injection was achieved.

Metal immobilization was related to the phosphate content in pore water.

Over 50% of mobile Zn, Pb, and Cu might be reprecipitated in sediment.

Oxidizable fraction of heavy metal predominantly transformed to its residual fraction.
Soft trees with neural components as image-processing technique for archeological excavations
Authors: Woźniak Marcin , Połap Dawid 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere are situations when someone finds a certain object or its remains. Particularly the second case is complicated, because having only a part of the element, it is difficult to identify the full object. In the case of archeological excavations, the fragment should be classified in order to know what we are looking at. Unfortunately, such classification may be a difficult task. Hence, it is essential to focus on certain features which define it, and then to classify the complete object. In this paper, we proposed creating a novel soft tree decision structure. The idea is based on soft sets. In addition, we have introduced convolutional networks to the nodes to make decisions based on graphic files. A new archeological item can be photographed and evaluated by the proposed technique. As a result, the object will be classified depending on the amount of information obtained to the appropriate class. If the object cannot be classified, the method will return individual features and possible class.
Living Conditions and the Mental Health and Well-being of Refugees: Evidence from a Large-Scale German Survey
Authors: Walther Lena , Fuchs Lukas M. , Schupp Jürgen , von Scheve Christian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRefugees are at an increased risk of mental health problems and low subjective well-being. Living circumstances in the host country are thought to play a vital role in shaping these health outcomes, which, in turn, are prerequisites for successful integration. Using data from a representative survey of 4325 adult refugees who arrived in Germany between 2013 and 2016, we investigated how different living conditions, especially those subject to integration policies, are associated with psychological distress and life satisfaction using linear regression models. Our findings show that an uncertain legal status, separation from family, and living in refugee housing facilities are related to higher levels of distress and decreased life satisfaction. Being employed, contact to members of the host society, and better host country language skills, by contrast, are related to reduced distress and higher levels of life satisfaction. These associations should inform decision making in a highly contested policy area.
The Association of Childhood Pneumonia with Household Air Pollution in Nepal: Evidence from Nepal Demographic Health Surveys
Authors: Budhathoki Shyam Sundar , Tinkari Bhim Singh , Bhandari Amit , Dhimal Meghnath , Zhou Hong , Ghimire Anup , Basnet Omkar , Wrammert Johan , KC Ashish 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionChildhood pneumonia is a major cause of mortality worldwide while household air pollution (HAP) is a major contributor to childhood pneumonia in low and middle-income countries. This paper presents the prevalence trend of childhood pneumonia in Nepal and assesses its association with household air pollution.MethodsThe study analysed data from the 2006, 2011 and 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Surveys (NDHS). It calculated the prevalence of childhood pneumonia and the factors that cause household air pollution. The association of childhood pneumonia and HAP was assessed using univariate and multi-variate analysis. The population attributable fraction (PAF) of indoor pollution for causing pneumonia was calculated using 2016 NDHS data to assess the burden of pneumonia attributable to HAP factors.ResultsThe prevalence of childhood pneumonia decreased in Nepal between 2006 and 2016 and was higher among households using polluting cooking fuels. There was a higher risk of childhood pneumonia among children who lived in households with no separate kitchens in 2011 [Adjusted risk ratio (ARR) 1.40, 95% CI 1.01–1.97] and in 2016 (ARR 1.93, 95% CI 1.14–3.28). In 2016, the risk of children contracting pneumonia in households using polluting fuels was double (ARR 1.98, 95% CI 1.01–3.92) that of children from households using clean fuels. Based on the 2016 data, the PAF for pneumonia was calculated as 30.9% for not having a separate kitchen room and 39.8% for using polluting cooking fuel.Discussion for PracticeAlthough the occurrence of childhood pneumonia in Nepal has decreased, the level of its association with HAP remained high.
Effect of Compositional Variation Induced by EBM Processing on Deformation Behavior and Phase Stability of Austenitic Cr-Mn-Ni TRIP Steel
Authors: Günther J. , Lehnert R. , Wagner R. , Burkhardt C. , Wendler M. , Volkova O. , Biermann H. , Niendorf T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectron beam melting (EBM) is an established powder bed-based additive manufacturing process for the fabrication of complex-shaped metallic components. For metastable austenitic Cr-Mn-Ni TRIP steel, the formation of a homogeneous fine-grained microstructure and outstanding damage tolerance have been reported. However, depending on the process parameters, a certain fraction of Mn evaporates. This can have a significant impact on deformation mechanisms as well as kinetics, as was previously shown for as-cast material. Production of chemically graded and, thus, mechanically tailored parts can allow for further advances in terms of freedom of design. The current study presents results on the characterization of the deformation and strain-hardening behavior of chemically tailored Cr-Mn-Ni TRIP steel processed by EBM. Specimens were manufactured with distinct scan strategies, resulting in varying Mn contents, and subsequently tensile tested. Microstructure evolution has been thoroughly examined. Starting from one initial powder, an appropriate scan strategy can be applied to purposefully evaporate Mn and, therefore, adjust strain hardening as well as martensite formation kinetics and ultimate tensile strength.
Proposed method for evaluation and categorization of functional capacity of children, adolescents, and adults with cardiac diseases to bring them in existing social justice system by creating the cardiac disability criteria
Authors: Mishra Smita , Sharma Rajesh 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Emerging epidemiological trends in India indicate the rising burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) demanding a need of a social support system. Yet, the list of 21 benchmark disabilities notified by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India, does not include CVDs under the newly enacted Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act, 2016. While the RPWD Act 2016 has acknowledged the dynamic nature of disabilities associated with congenital diseases like thalassemia, it has also provided an opportunity to bring in “cardiac disability” under its tenets. This would allow India to adopt strategies for the benefit of cardiac patients in accordance with policies adopted by developed countries such as the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom of Great Britain (UK), and Canada. This document is to initiate a thought process of recruitment of cardiac patients in the social justice system.

Aims and objectives
(1) To define cardiac disability, (2) to categorize cardiac diseases/defects (groups A–C) according to severity and need for interventions, (3) to identify operated and unoperated patients with normal functional capacity and their eligibility to avail normal opportunities similar to their peer groups, (4) to create a comprehensive cardiac disability scoring (CCDS) system for disability certification based on subjective and objective evaluation of functional capacity and the corresponding heart disease category group, and (5) to create a reference literature for the issues of education, employability, insurability, and vocational counseling based on this document.

Methodology
The evolution of this manuscript has been discussed in view of relevant observations made by a team of cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, intensivists, pediatricians, social workers, etc.

Conclusion
This manuscript suggests a CCDS system to lay down criteria for disability status for eligible patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. It intends to offer a unique scientific tool to address the psychosocial and socio-economic bias against patients with heart diseases of heterogeneous nature.
Treatment decision for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: the role of the heart team
Authors: de Jaegere P. P. T. , de Weger A. , den Heijer P. , Verkroost M. , Baan J. , de Kroon T. , America Y. , Brandon Bravo Bruinsma G. J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe current paper presents a position statement of the Dutch Working Group of Transcatheter Heart Valve Interventions that describes which patients with aortic stenosis should be considered for transcatheter aortic valve implantation and how this treatment proposal/decision should be made. Given the complexity of the disease and the assessment of its severity, in particular in combination with the continuous emergence of new clinical insights and evidence from physiological and randomised clinical studies plus the introduction of novel innovative treatment modalities, the gatekeeper of the treatment proposal/decision and, thus, of qualification for cost reimbursement is the heart team, which consists of dedicated professionals working in specialised centres.
A comparison of machine learning algorithms for forecasting indoor temperature in smart buildings
Authors: Alawadi Sadi , Mera David , Fernández-Delgado Manuel , Alkhabbas Fahed , Olsson Carl Magnus , Davidsson Paul 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe international community has largely recognized that the Earth’s climate is changing. Mitigating its global effects requires international actions. The European Union (EU) is leading several initiatives focused on reducing the problems. Specifically, the Climate Action tries to both decrease EU greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency by reducing the amount of primary energy consumed, and it has pointed to the development of efficient building energy management systems as key. In traditional buildings, households are responsible for continuously monitoring and controlling the installed Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system. Unnecessary energy consumption might occur due to, for example, forgetting devices turned on, which overwhelms users due to the need to tune the devices manually. Nowadays, smart buildings are automating this process by automatically tuning HVAC systems according to user preferences in order to improve user satisfaction and optimize energy consumption. Towards achieving this goal, in this paper, we compare 36 Machine Learning algorithms that could be used to forecast indoor temperature in a smart building. More specifically, we run experiments using real data to compare their accuracy in terms of R-coefficient and Root Mean Squared Error and their performance in terms of Friedman rank. The results reveal that the ExtraTrees regressor has obtained the highest average accuracy (0.97%) and performance (0,058%) over all horizons.
Oxidative stress-mediated genotoxic effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Deinococcus radiodurans
Authors: Singh Ragini , Cheng Shuang , Singh Sanjay 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExtensive use of nanomaterials in consumer products has invoked the concerns about interactions of nanoparticles with living organisms (including microorganisms). Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are well known for their antibacterial effect due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Therefore, their release into the environment is expected to raise major concern towards ecotoxicity. In the present study, we have studied the toxic effect of ZnO NPs on Deinococcus radiodurans, which is well known to show extraordinary resistant from the damaging effects of radiation. Result showed that ZnO NPs are significantly internalized into the bacterial cells and induce concentration-dependent toxicity with membrane damage. Genotoxicity studies revealed that ZnO exposure induces significant DNA damage to bacterial cells. All the observations evidenced that ZnO NPs induce significant ROS generation, protein oxidation and DNA damage with concomitant thiol depletion. Further, gene expression analysis showed that several DNA repair genes and metabolic pathway-related genes are downregulated upon ZnO NP exposure, with simultaneous increase in the expression of DNA damage response genes. Thus, the present study on toxicity of ZnO NPs on a model organism, D. radiodurans, inflicts the possible mechanism behind ZnO NP-mediated toxic effects on various other microbial organisms.
Genetic analysis of Aegilops tauschii-derived seedling resistance to leaf rust in synthetic hexaploid wheat
Authors: Mohler Volker , Schmolke Michael , Zeller Friedrich J. , Hsam Sai L. K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSeedling resistance to leaf rust available in the synthetic hexaploid wheat line Syn137 was characterised by means of cytogenetic and linkage mapping. Monosomic analysis located a single dominant gene for leaf rust resistance on chromosome 5D. Molecular mapping not only confirmed this location but also positioned the gene to the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 5D. A test of allelism showed that the gene, tentatively namedLrSyn137, is independent but closely linked toLr1. It appears that Syn137 is occasionally heterogeneous forLr1since the analysis of theLr1-specific marker RGA567-5 in the genetic mapping population indicated the presence ofLr1. Syn137 represents another source of genetic variation that can be useful for the diversification of leaf rust resistance in wheat cultivars.