bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Analysis of Cassava Flour and Garri Production in Ibarapa Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Adesope A.A. , Olumide-Ojo O. , Oyewo I.O. , Ugege B.H. , Oyelade A.A. 
Published: October 2020

Cassava, an edible root crop and a reliable and relatively inexpensive source of carbohydrate, is widely grown and processed into different foods such as cassava flour and garri. The study analyzed the costs and returns in cassava flour and garri production and also determined the factors influencing its production in the study area. A two- stage sampling technique was used to generate primary data used for this study. The first stage involved the purposive selection of Ibarapa North Local Government Area (LGA), because it has more cassava producers and processors than other LGAs. The second stage involved the random selection of 15 villages out of the 23 in the LGA. From the selected villages, 170 respondents were randomly selected while only 150 copies of the structured questionnaire administered were retrieved. Results from the primary data shows that 28.3% of garri producersproducers had no formal education and 46.7% were between the ages of 30 and 39years. The regression analysis shows that the quantity of garri sold (ß =5.4099), transportation cost (ß =-0.2994), peeling cost (ß = -0.4249), and grating cost (ß = 0.6878) were all significant to the total revenue of cassava flour sold. Price, inadequate capital, transportation, land tenure and markets were factors influencing garri and cassava flour production. Analysis of the costs and returns revealed that processing cassava into garri gave a higher gross margin even though processing of cassava was profitable, indicating that there is a significant difference between flour and garri production. Inputs, market, good and infrastructural facilities should be provided so as to increase production capacity and hence food security.
Keywords: Cassava, Cassava flour, Garri, Gross margin, Nigeria
Effect of Alum-treated Groundnut (<I>Arachis hypogea</I>) Shell Meal on Blood Chemistry and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Egbewande O.O. 
Published: October 2020

Effect of alum-treated groundnut (Arachis hypogea) shell (ATGNS) meal was studied on the blood chemistry and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Two hundred and forty (240) day-old broiler chicks of Anak strain were used for the study in a completely randomized design for eight weeks. The chicks were allotted into six groups of forty chicks each and further divided into four replicates of ten chicks each.Groundnut shell (GNS) was processed by soaking it in water containing alum in ratio 1kg of groundnut shell: 15 litre of water: 600g of alum for three, four, five and six days. Wheat offal was included at 10% in T1 as positive control, 4% wheat offal and 6% untreated groundnut shell (GNS) in T2 as negative control, and 4% wheat offal with 6% treated GNS in treatments 3, 4, 5 and 6 at three days, four day, five days and six days of processing respectively. Results on haematological parameters were not significantly (p>0.05) different except mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH). Birds in T5 performed better than others in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) with highestvalues of 123.83% and 41.93pg respectively, while birds in T3 had the lowest values of 115.28% and 39.05pg in the two parameters respectively. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in serum total protein, albumin and globulin, while other parameters measured showed no significant (p>0.05) differences in serum biochemical studies. Birds fed treatment 1 (T1) had the highest values of 3.95 and 2.72g/dl in total protein and globulin respectively, while the lowest values 2.55 and 0.97g/dl were obtained from birds in T6 respectively. Cut-up parts showed significant (p<0.05) differences in head, neck, back and thigh across treatment means with the exception of other parameters considered. The live weights of birdson processed groundnut shell meal, although not significantly (p>0.05) different, were better (p<0.05) than those on untreated groundnut shell meal (T2). Birds in T6 had the highest values (2.95, 4.60 and 12.53%) in head, neck and thigh respectively. The highest weight (18.02%) of back was recorded in T1. Birds in T4 had the highest values of 19.60 and 4.20% in breast muscle and shank respectively, while those in T3 recorded the lowest (14.65%) in breast muscle, and those in T2 had the lowest (3.56%) in shank. The results in conclusion, showed that alum-treated groundnut shell(ATGNS) could replace wheat offal at 6% level of inclusion by improving carcass yield as well as maintainingblood profile of broiler chickens.
Keywords: Groundnut shell, alum, blood chemistry, carcass, broiler
Establishment and Early Regeneration of Stem Cuttings from Chicken Weed (<I>Portulaca quadrifida</I> L.) as Influenced by Soil Types
Authors: Garba Y. , Musa M. , Mustapha A.B. , Bagudo H.A. , Majin N.S. , Gana M. 
Published: October 2020

Differences in the ability of soil are a requirement for early regeneration of a plant. It was a pot experiment carried out at Sokoto in the Sudano Sahelian agro-ecological Zone of Nigeria. The objective was to investigate the regenerative ability of stem cuttings of Chicken weed on different soil type as a strategy for the weed control. The experimental set up was 3 × 7 factorial arrangement in a Completely Randomized Design. The treatments consisted of seven stem cuttings types namely (NLA-D - node leaf attached at distal stem location, NLR-D - node leaf removed from distal stem location, NLA-P- node leaf attached at proximal stem location, NLR-P- node leaf removed from proximal stem location, IN-D - internodes at distal stem location, IN-P- internodes from proximal stem location and SRA- stem roots attached) and three soil textural class (Sandy, Silty clay and Loamy sand). Result revealed that Silty clay recorded highest number of survived plants. Plant height, number of leaves, nodes, internodes and internodes length were greatly favoured by sandy soil. Loamy sand supported the earliness to leaf emergence and flowering. NLA-D supported the early regeneration of the plant in all stem cuttings tested, but earliness to leaf emergence and flowering was better with NLAP. This finding gave information that Chicken weed regenerate profusely and control measures should be administers to save target crop from yield losses.
Keywords: distal, proximal, stem cuttings, soil textural class, regeneration
Seismo-Structural Interpretation and Petrophysical Evaluation of Ugwu-Field, Coastal Swamp Depositional Belt of the Niger Delta Basin
Authors: Ugwu E.B. , Ugwu S.A. , Ugwueze C.U. , Eze S.U. , Bello M.A. 
Published: October 2020

Structural interpretation of 3-D seismic data and well log have been applied to unravel hydrocarbon entrapment pattern and petrophysical parameters of X-field within the coastal swamp region of the Niger Delta.. Four reservoir intervals (A, B, C and D) delineated as (W-026, 032, 042 and 048) using gamma ray and resistivity log response. Structural interpretation for inline 5158 revealed four horizons (A, B, C and D) and eight (8) faults labelled (F1, F2, F12, F13, F21, F22, F23, and F24) were mapped. It was observed that the hanging wall block due to reverse drag or rollover anticline slided over fault F12 and created fault F2, thereby creating subsidence where sediments can be deposited. Therefore, faults F2 and F12 created rollover structures which cuts across the entire four reservoirs and invaluably responsible for trapping of hydrocarbon in the field. RMS map developed for horizons ‘A’ and ‘B’ revealed high amplitude anomalies, while variance attribute for both horizons showed relatively uniform lithology observed from east to west across the study area. While from north-east to south west, variance was observed to increase relatively which indicates different lithology. These trend exposes dipping of the channel fill at both flanks by creating extensive faulting. Results of petrophysical evaluation for reservoirs ‘A’ and ‘B’ across the four wells were analyzed. For reservoir ‘A’, porosity values of 32.8%, 24.8%, 25.9% and 27.1% were obtained for wells W-048, 042, 026 and 032 respectively with an average of 27.65%, while for reservoir ‘B’ porosity values of 26.83%, 26.93%, 25.59% and 27.99% for wells W-048, 042, 026 and 032 were obtained respectively with an average of 26.84%. This porosity values were rated very good to excellent for reservoir ‘A’ and very good for reservoir ‘B’, while Permeability values of the order (K > 1000mD) were obtained for both reservoirs across the four wells and is rated excellent. Hydrocarbon saturation (Shc) across the four wells averages at 68.57% for reservoir ‘A’ and 68.67% for reservoir ‘B’ which is high. Log motifs using gamma ray log for well-026 was integrated with seismic facies to infer on depositional environment of the reservoirs horizons showed a combination of serrated funnel/blocky shape log response and coarsening upward cycles. For reservoirs ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ the log shape pattern indicates deposition in a fluvial / tidal, channel environment while for reservoir ‘D’ the pattern indicates deposition in deltaic front environment. Isochore maps computed for horizons ‘A’ and ‘B’, shows that horizon ‘A’ is relatively thick and this pattern suggests increased tectonic activities during deposition of reservoir ‘A’ and is an indication that reservoir ‘A’ is a synrift deposit.
Keywords: 3-D Seismic interpretation, Faults, Seismostratigraphy, Well log, Seismic Attributes, Petrophysical parameters
Synthesis and Olfactory Characteristics of Hydroxyether Derivatives of Methyl Eugenol
Authors: Okopi S.O. , Affiku L.M. 
Published: October 2020

Methyl eugenol is a naturally occurring substance found in the essential oils of several plant species. It is a cheap and abundant material with a rather limited interest as perfuming ingredient. This research investigated the structure-odour relationship of methyl eugenol and its derivatives, focusing on the chemical transformation of the double bond to hydroxyether derivatives in a controlled manner. Two derivatives 2-(4-ethyl- 3-methoxybenzyl)oxirane (68.8% yield) and 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropan-2-ol (63.58% yield), were synthesized from methyl eugenol. This research found that the odour characteristic of 2-(4-ethyl-3-methoxybenzyl)oxirane[floral, fresh, slight lime and sweet]compounds, is clearly different from the odours of the 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropan-2-ol [Glue-like, pungent, and Caramel-like]. It is evident from our observations that double bond substitution and functional alteration of the methyl eugenol modifies the perceived odour of methyl eugenol derivative. Thus, structural modification overall led to an increase in odour potency.
Keywords: Fragrance, Methly-Eugenol, Ether, Olfactory characteristic, Epoxidation.
Effectiveness of <i>Azadirachta indica</i> A. Juss (Neem) Seed Oil in Controlling Wood Termite
Authors: Okanlawon F.B. , Adegoke O.A. , Olatunji O.A. , Okon-Akan O.A. , Akala A.O. 
Published: October 2020

The protection of wood against biodeteriorating agents like termite during processing or in service has call for serious possible approach using new safer, environmental friendly preservatives hence this study therefore evaluated Azadirachta indica seed oil against termite attack on Gmelina arborea and Triplochiton scleroxylon wood. The seed oil was obtained using a soxhlet apparatus and N-hexane as the solvent. The wood was dimensioned into 20x20x20 mm and the seed oil was applied by brushing, dipping and soaking and exposed to termitarium while the absorption rate and weight loss to termite attack were determined. Data collected was analyzed using simple statistics and analysis of variance at α0.05. The antimicrobial properties of the need seed oil are due to the availability of phytochemicals which promote antimicrobial activity. The maximum wood protection against termite of all the methods of application was obtained from soaking. The absorption and weight loss ranged from 11.20 - 43.88 % and 56.50 -61.58 % for G. arborea and T. scleroxylon respectively. However, all the application methods used for the wood treatment proved to be effective over the untreated wood.
Keywords: phytochemicals, seed oil, wood species, wood preservation, wood termite
VÝVOJ SYSTÉMŮ ŘÍZENÍ VŠECH ČTYŘ KOL
Authors: Němec Jan , Jilek Petr 
Published: October 2020

Příspěvek se zabývá rešerší v současné době velmi prosazovaným systémem řízení všech čtyř kol u silničních vozidel, a to zejména u osobních vozidel. Shrnuje historický vývoj jednotlivých systémů a popisuje jejich výhody a nevýhody z technického pohledu na konstrukční celek. Zaměřuje se i na systémy používané v současných automobilech, které jsou stále velice ojediněle zabudované do nově vyráběných vozidel.
MOŽNOSTI VYTVOŘENÍ SKLADOVÉ SÍTĚ V LOGISTICE POSLEDNÍ MÍLE
Authors: Kudláčková Nina , Němec Miroslav 
Published: October 2020

Moderní logistická praxe směřuje ke komplexnímu řešení problémů a plné integraci dodavatelských řetězců. Jednou z oblastí, ve které je třeba nalézt efektivní řešení je vytvoření skladové sítě. Nalezení vhodného modelu pro umisťování distribučních, respektive skladovacích center, který by kromě hlediska úspory nákladů či maximalizace zisku, zohledňoval také časové hledisko, může vést k získání konkurenční výhody. Aplikace takového modelu na podmínky současných trendů v oblasti logistiky poslední míle by pak mohla vést nejen k získání konkurenční výhody, ale také k získání většího podílu na trhu. Cílem tohoto článku je tedy prozkoumat možnosti využití stávajících metod a modelů, používaných pro vytvoření distribuční sítě, jako jsou metody statické, u kterých je možné sklady či střediska obsluhy rozmístit podle účelové funkce, a dle jejich povahy lze použít modely spojité, diskrétní či síťové. Dále jsou pak v článku zkoumány možnosti využití modelů dynamických, které jsou více zaměřeny na faktor času a mohly by tak být využity k alokaci skladů či distribučních center, mimo jiné, také v logistice poslední míle, neboť současným trendem je právě hledisko časové, kdy společnosti v současné době usilují o co největší zkrácení dodacích lhůt. Článek se věnuje možnostem využití lokačně-alokačních úloh, P-median modelu, Weberova modelu či pojetí problému umístění skladu jako nedimenzovaného problému umístění zařízení. Jako problematické se u výše zmíněných modelů ukazuje fakt, že tyto modely neberou v potaz zákazníky a přínos pro zákazníky. Je tedy třeba se zaměřit na nalezení takového modelu, který by bral v potaz určité prvky zákaznického servisu, jako je například snadná dostupnost produktů, frekvence dodávek či požadavky na čas dodání, a to nejen v případě logistiky poslední míle. Ze zkoumaných metod se jako nejlepší pro tyto účely jeví logistická metoda, popisovaná v češtině jako „Dům kvality“, jejímž účelem je zapracovat požadavky koncových zákazníků do finálního produktu společnosti, spolu s metodou známou jako „Analytický hierarchický proces“, jejímž cílem je rozklad složité nestrukturované situace na jednodušší komponenty, a „Analytický síťový proces“, což je jedna z obecnějších metod „Analytického hierarchického procesu, zaměřená na síťové rozhodovací problémy s cílem určit optimální místo pro umístění zařízení. Cílem tohoto článku je prozkoumat možnosti využití kombinace výše zmíněných modelů pro rozmístění skladů či distribučních center v logistice poslední míle.
DOPAD NEUTRALIZÁCIE PREPRAVNÝCH DOKUMENTOV NA ZODPOVEDNOSŤ CESTNÉHO DOPRAVCU
Authors: Poliak Miloš , Tomicová Jana 
Published: October 2020

V roku 1956 bol prijatý významný dokument v oblasti cestnej nákladnej dopravy - Dohovor CMR. Jeho prijatím sa zjednotili niektoré pravidlá v medzinárodnej preprave tovarov. Zjednotila sa najmä sprievodná dokumentácia zásielky a zodpovednosť cestného dopravcu. Od prijatia Dohovoru CMR sa zmenil spôsob výpočtu zodpovednosti dopravcu, ktorý zaviedol Protokol k Dohovoru CMR. Protokol zmenil systém výpočtu zodpovednosti zo zlatého franku na systém založený na zvláštnych právach čerpania Sprievodná dokumentácia je zjednotená v cestnej nákladnej doprave v podobe nákladného listu CMR. Preukázalo sa, že neutralizácia nákladného listu sa v niektorých prípadoch využíva pri podvode na odosielateľovi. Cieľom príspevku je zistiť dopad využívania neutralizácie nákladného listu na zodpovednosť dopravcu a postoj poisťovne voči dopravcovi v prípade preukázania neutralizácie nákladného listu CMR. Z dôvodu, že prijatie Protokolu nie je samozrejmosťou, existujú členské krajiny Dohovoru, ktoré Protokol neprijali. Vzhľadom na to, že v súčasnosti teda existujú dva spôsoby ohraničenia zodpovednosti cestného dopravcu, chceme taktiež poukázať na dôležitosť prijatia Protokolu k Dohovoru CMR a jeho vplyv na konkurencieschopnosť v prípade ak dopravcovi hrozí riziko z vykonania neutralizácie.
Çukurova Koşullarında Bazı Kum Darısı (Panicum miliaceum L.) Genotiplerinin Agromorfolojik ve Ot Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: DAĞTEKIN Zeyni , HATİPOĞLU Rüştü , YÜCEL Celal 
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırma Uluslararası Yarı Kurak Tropik Bölge Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü’nden (ICRISAT) temin edilen kum darısı (Panicum miliaceum L.) türüne ait 11 genotipin Çukurova koşullarındaki performanslarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kum darısı genotipleri sıra arası 70 cm sıra üzeri 10 cm olacak şekilde 5 m uzunluğundaki sıralara birer sıra halinde ekilmiştir.
Araştırmada kum darısı genotiplerinde; % 50 çiçeklenmeye erişme süresi, bitki boyu (cm), kardeş sayısı /bitki , yaprak sayısı/ana sap, kuru ot verimi/bitki, yaprak oranı (%), kuru maddede ham protein oranı (%), ADF oranı (%), NDF oranı (%) , fosfor oranı (%), kalsiyum oranı (%), magnezyum oranı (%) ve potasyum oranı (%) incelenmiştir.
İncelenen kum darısı genotiplerinde % 50 çiçeklenmeye erişme süresinin 36-60 gün, bitki boyunun 72,2-142,8 cm, bitki başına kardeş sayısının 5,4-42,2 adet, ana sapta yaprak sayısının
+Zeyni DAĞTEKİN’in Yüksek Lisans Tez çalışmasından üretilmiştir
7,2-16 adet, yeşil ot veriminin 112,2-790,2 gr, kuru ot veriminin 28,6-165,9 gr, yaprak oranın , %19,7-51,9, ham protein oranının 16,3-20,5, ADF oranının % %28,7-36,3, NDF oranının % %60-70,6, P oranının % 0,373-0,434, Ca oranının %0,58-0,824, Mg oranının % 0,270-0,393 ve K oranının %3.174-3.964 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır.
Constitutional Complaint as Strengthening Constitutionalism in Indonesia
Authors: Siagian Abdul Hakim 
Published: October 2020

The inclusion of human rights in the constitution gives a new status for these rights to become constitutional rights. The guarantee of human rights in the constitution has not been in line with legal efforts to protect these rights. Mechanisms constitutional review in Indonesia only accommodates the testing effort constitutionality of Law (judicial review), whereas there are still many objects of state action that can harm the constitutional rights of citizens, but they do not have any resolution because they have not been provided for by Indonesian positive law. This study aims to identify how the interrelationship between guaranteeing human rights in the constitution and strengthening constitutionalism due to the inclusion of human rights in the constitution, how the concept of constitutional complaints in various countries is, and how relevant is it to be applied in Indonesia. This research describes the material that exists in historical, comparative and reconstruction (modification) aspects as an effort to make the concept relevant to be applied in Indonesia. This research shows that human rights and the constitution have a reciprocal relationship (reciprocal), various concepts in other countries have a lot of relevance to Indonesia, and there are several technical-procedural concepts and juridical arrangements that are relevant to be applied in Indonesia. So, it is necessary to regulate constitutional complaints as a legal measure to protect the constitutional rights of citizens which have been guaranteed by the constitution and increase the value of the constitutionalism of citizens in Indonesia.
Pengaruh Ketepatan Sasaran Anggaran Dan Sistem Pelaporan Terhadap Akuntabilitas Kinerja Pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Di Permerintah Kota Makassar
Authors: Sadeli Yudi Akhmad 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini tujuan untuk menguji ketepatan sasaran anggaran berpengaruh terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja pemerintah kota Makassar. Serta untuk menguji pengaruh sistem pelaporan terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja pemerintah kota Makassar. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 43 SKPD Kota Makassar, dimana diambil 3 orang pegawai pada setiap instansi pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketepatan sasaran dan sistem pelaporan anggaran berpengaruh positif bersignifikan terhadap akuntabilitas kinerja satuan kerja perangkat daerah di Pemerintah Kota Makassar.
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM MELALUI MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Jao Robert , Mardiana Ana , Jimmiawan Chintia 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh corporate governance terhadap return saham melalui manajemen laba. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan non keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2017. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 106 perusahaan Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data dokumenter berupa laporan tahunan dan laporan keuangan perusahaan. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa corporate governance berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap return saham sedangkan corporate governance berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Manajemen laba berpengaruh negatif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap return saham. Selain itu, manajemen laba tidak memediasi pengaruh corporate governance terhadap return saham. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi pertimbangan bagi investor untuk menganalisis informasi perusahaan yang disajikan dalam laporan keuangan serta memperhatikan praktik corporate governance dalam mengambil keputusan investasi. Perusahaan harus menerapkan good corporate governance untuk keberlanjutan perusahaan dan meningkatkan kepercayaan dari investor. Regulator membuat regulasi dan mengawasi penerapan good corporate governance perusahaan.
Foucaltdian Analyses On Implementation Of Coorporate Social Responsiblity In PT. Semen Tonasa
Authors: Hidayah Nur , Said Darwis , Ayu Damayanti Ratna 
Published: October 2020

Keberadaan perusahaan di tengah-tengah masyarakat membawa harapan akan hadirnya kesejahteraan, terutama bagi masyarakat lokal. Perusahaan yang mengekstraksi bahan dari alam diwajibkan untuk menerapkan pertanggungjawaban sosial dan lingkungan (Coorporate Social Responsibility) untuk mengurangi beban masyarakat akibat perubahan lingkungan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji implementasi program CSR PT. Semen Tonasa pada masyarakat sekitar daerah operasional perusahaan. Metode yang digunakan ialah etnografi dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Jumlah informan sebanyak 6 orang berdasarkan purposive sampling dengan terbagi atas tiga kelompok utama yaitu masyarakat, pemerintah, dan pengusaha. Pisau analisis yang digunakan ialah analisis Foucaltdian untuk melihat relasi kuasa- pengetahuan dalam penyaluran CSR kepada masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masyarakat di sekitar lokasi operasional pabrik mengalami ketergantungan terhadap bantuan perusahaan namun hal tersebut terasa wajar karena adanya eksternalitas negatif pada lingkungan dari eksistensi perusahaan. Analisis foucaltdian menunjukkan adanya relasi kuasa ekonomi antara perusahaan dan pegawainya yang ada di struktural masyarakat sehingga memberikan jalan perusahaan untuk memengaruhi kebijakan di masyarakat. Relasi kuasa tersebut kemudian memengaruhi kondisi pengetahuan masyarakat lokal terutama terkait penyaluran bantuan CSR sehingga penyaluran bantuan CSR identik dengan pendekatan kekerabatan.