bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma in Children and Adolescents: Experience of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology (SFCE)
Authors: de Tersant Marie , Généré Lucile , Freyçon Claire , Villebasse Sophie , Abbas Rachid , Barlier Anne , Bodet Damien , Corradini Nadège , Defachelles Anne-Sophie , Entz-Werle Natacha , Fouquet Cyrielle , Galmiche Louise , Gandemer Virginie , Lacour Brigitte , Mansuy Ludovic , Orbach Daniel , Pluchart Claire , Réguerre Yves , Rigaud Charlotte , Sarnacki Sabine , Sirvent Nicolas , Stephan Jean-Louis , Thebaud Estelle , Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule , Brugières Laurence 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this work is to assess the clinical outcome of pediatric patients diagnosed with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) detected in France since 2000.MethodsA retrospective multicenter study was conducted that included all patients younger than 18 years with PPGL diagnosed in France between 2000 and 2016. Patients were identified from 4 different sources: the National Registry of Childhood Solid Tumors, the French Pediatric Rare Tumors Database, the French registry of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-related hereditary paraganglioma, and the nationwide TenGen network.ResultsAmong 113 eligible patients, 81 children with available data were enrolled (41 with adrenal and 40 with extra-adrenal PPGL). At diagnosis, 11 had synchronous metastases. After a median follow-up of 53 months, 27 patients experienced a new event (n = 7 second PPGL, n = 1 second paraganglioma [PGL], n = 8 local recurrences, n = 10 metastatic relapses, n = 1 new tumor) and 2 patients died of their disease. The 3- and 10-year event-free survival rates were 80% (71%-90%) and 39% (20%-57%),respectively, whereas the overall survival rate was 97% (93%-100%)at 3 and 10 years. A germline mutation in one PPGL-susceptibility gene was identified in 53 of the 68 (77%) patients who underwent genetic testing (SDHB [n = 25], VHL [n = 21], RET [n = 2], HIF2A [n = 2], SDHC [n = 1], SDHD [n = 1], NF1 [n = 1]). Incomplete resection and synchronous metastases were associated with higher risk of events (P = .011, P = .004), but presence of a germline mutation was not (P = .11).ConclusionsMost pediatric PPGLs are associated with germline mutations and require specific follow-up because of the high risk of tumor recurrence.
Root Caries Part 2: the Restorative Challenge
Authors: Burrows Stephen 
Published: April 2020

With the increasing prevalence of root caries of varying complexity, clinicians will face challenges in deciding how best to manage such lesions. Non-operative caries control should be used whenever possible. In this paper factors that can affect success when restoring root caries are discussed. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The restorative management of root caries can be challenging. Careful attention to detail when restoring root carious lesions is essential to optimize treatment outcome.
Art and Science of Shade Matching
Authors: Khalid Mariya , Chughtai Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2020

Shade selection is an important step in restorative procedures. The objective of this step is to provide aesthetically pleasing restorations which blend in with the existing dentition of the patient. This article highlights clinical difficulties which may hinder proper shade selection and a number of factors causing these difficulties. For ease of understanding, these factors have been divided into four categories. These are factors related to the dentist, the shade matching environment, the material used for shade selection and the patient. Because shade selection is an important step, it is recommended that this step should be given sufficient time. A checklist and a form for shade selection have also been devised to avoid any oversights during shade selection. This will help improve dentist laboratory communication which can result in an improved and aesthetically pleasing restoration. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Shade selection is a crucial step in the process of fabricating an aesthetically pleasing restoration.
El gest com a facilitador i precursor del desenvolupament del llenguatge
Authors: Esteve Gibert Núria , Igualada Alfonso , Prieto Pilar 
Published: April 2020

Els estudis sobre desenvolupament del llenguatge típicament s'han centrat en l'anàlisi de la parla. Tanmateix, hi ha altres elements comunicatius que són una peça fonamental en la comunicació i cognició humanes: els gestos. Aquests elements visuals estan íntimament integrats amb la parla des del punt de vista temporal i des del punt de vista semanticopragmàtic, i fan que es pugui parlar del llenguatge i la comunicació com uns fets multimodal. En aquest article posem a l'abast dels lectors un resum dels estudis més recents sobre adquisició del llenguatge des d'una perspectiva multimodal, tot i emfasitzant el rol dels gestos com a facilitadors i precursors del llenguatge no només en les etapes més primerenques sinó també en etapes de desenvolupament pragmàtic més tardà. Els estudis demostren que el gest és un component central de l'adquisició del llenguatge i que actua com a precursor i predictor de l’aprenentatge del vocabulari, de la sintaxi, així com del desenvolupament pragmàtic i discursiu. Finalment apuntem les àrees de recerca més actuals i innovadores i el possible impacte d'aquesta recerca en l'àmbit de la rehabilitació del llenguatge.
Families Requesting Advocates for Children With Disabilities: The Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How of Special Education Advocacy
Authors: Goldman Samantha E. , Burke Meghan M. , Casale Ellen G. , Frazier Morgan A. , Hodapp Robert M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Because parents face barriers in advocating for their children within the special education system, some families request help from a special education advocate. In this study, we evaluated the perceptions of caregivers who requested advocacy support to understand why, for whom, when, and where the advocacy services were needed; how the advocate helped; and what the outcomes of the advocacy process were and which variables related to better outcomes. We conducted structured interviews with 36 families who had requested help and connected with an advocate over a 3-year period. Compared to national norms, families were more likely to request an advocate if their child had ASD, was in elementary school, and lived in non-rural areas. Family requests were most often for advocate attendance at IEP meetings; help to resolve disagreements with the school concerning supports and services; and information about school services and parental rights. Most advocate assistance was for a short duration, although a longer duration process, advocate attendance at meetings, and more intensive advocate assistance were all related to better outcomes. Most participants were satisfied with the advocate and with the end-result of the advocacy process. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for future research and practice.
Application of calibration-free high repetition rate laser-ablation spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the quantitative elemental analysis of a silver alloy
Authors: Gao Jiankui , Kang Juan , Li Runhua , Chen Yuqi 
Published: April 2020

In this work, we report the application of a calibration-free (CF) method combined with high repetition rate laser-ablation spark-induced breakdown spectroscopy (HRR LA-SIBS) to the analysis of a silver alloy. The sample was ablated by a fiber laser operated at a 30 kHz pulse repetition rate, and a spark discharge was applied to enhance plasma emission. Electron number density and plasma temperature were estimated using Stark broadening of spectral lines and the Saha–Boltzmann plot method, respectively. The fulfillment of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) approximation of the measurement was verified. Averaged electron density and plasma temperature were calculated as

1.11
×

10

17

c
m

−
3

and 7355 K, respectively. The elemental composition of a silver alloy sample was determined, and the result was compared with that analyzed with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The analytical error was within a 15% range. It was demonstrated that the CF HRR LA-SIBS technique could potentially provide elemental analysis for silver alloys without requiring a standard sample.
Preparation and photoluminescence investigation of the LaPO4:Eu3+ inverse opal structure
Authors: Li Ke , Chen Tingting , Mao Huibing , Chen Ye , Wang Jiqing 
Published: April 2020

The inverse opal

L
a
P
O

4

:

E
u

3
+

was successfully fabricated by the sol-gel method, and characterized by the scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoluminescence investigations. The inverse opal

L
a
P
O

4

:

E
u

3
+

sample has a different emission in comparison with the ordinary luminescence emission bands of

E
u

3
+

ion at 590, 615, and 695 nm. In the inverse opal structure, the strongest emission is the transition

5

D

0

→

7

F

4

at about 695 nm, which may be due to the fact that the emission in the plane decreases because of the photonic band structure and the corresponding emission in the vertical direction increases. For the emissions at 590 and 615 nm of the

E
u

3
+

, the results show that the emission ratio of 590 to 615 nm increases from 0.266 to 0.639 for the inverse opal sample in comparison with the ordinary sample, which means that the ratio increases about 2.4 times for the inverse opal sample. An appropriate reason is that in the inverse opal sample the magnetic dipole emission

5

D

0

→

7

F

1

will increase in comparison with the electric dipole emission

5

D

0

→

7

F

2

.
Avaliação do Sistema de Código de Cores “See Color” em Mapa Tátil
Authors: Araújo Niédja Sodré de , Amorim Fabrício Rosa , Marchi Sandra Regina , Andrade Andrea Faria , Delazari Luciene Stamato , Schmidt Marcio Augusto Reolon 
Published: April 2020

Os mapas táteis são produtos cartográficos que comunicam informações de natureza geográfica para pessoas com deficiência visual. A maioria das variáveis gráficas visuais pode ser representada em alto relevo, com exceção da variável cor. Contudo, o uso de códigos de cores em mapa tátil pode ser uma alternativa para incluir a capacidade cognitiva das pessoas cegas sobre as cores. Assim, este trabalho visou avaliar a eficiência e eficácia do sistema de código de cores See Color em dois mapas isarítmicos representando temperatura. Em um experimento, avaliaram-se os desempenhos na leitura e na interpretação de dois esquemas de cores para dados ordenados utilizando o See Color. Seis voluntários deficientes visuais participaram da avaliação, sendo: três cegos congênitos e três com cegueira adquirida. A princípio, o sistema See Color apresentou-se viável para comunicar a informação temática com código de cores em relevo para usuários cegos adquiridos. Diferentes esquemas de cores podem alterar o desempenho na comunicação cartográfica e a representação de cores claras ou escuras pelo See Color requer mais atenção do usuário, porque as cores terciárias incluem mais detalhes, requerendo mais atenção do usuário. Os leitores com cegueira adquirida apresentaram melhor desempenho na leitura dos mapas, quando comparados aos cegos congênitos. Assim, sugere-se o aprofundamento dos estudos sobre usabilidade do sistema em mapas táteis, considerando outros tipos de deficiência visual, materiais táteis, métodos de implementação e experiência dos usuários com mapas.
Optimal rearrangement problem and normalized obstacle problem in the fractional setting
Authors: Bonder Julián Fernández , Cheng Zhiwei , Mikayelyan Hayk 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe consider an optimal rearrangement minimization problem involving the fractional Laplace operator (–Δ)s, 0 <s< 1, and the Gagliardo seminorm |u|s. We prove the existence of the unique minimizer, analyze its properties as well as derive the non-local and highly non-linear PDE it satisfies$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle -(-{\it\Delta})^s U-\chi_{\{U\leq 0\}}\min\{-(-{\it\Delta})^s U^+;1\}=\chi_{\{U \gt 0\}}, \end{array}$$which happens to be the fractional analogue of the normalized obstacle problemΔu=χ{u>0}.
A few problems connected with invariant measures of Markov maps - verification of some claims and opinions that circulate in the literature
Authors: Bugiel Peter , Wędrychowicz Stanisław , Rzepka Beata 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt is well known thatC2-transformationφof the unit interval into itself with a Markov partition (2.1)π= {Ik:k∈K} admitsφ-invariant densityg(g≥ 0, ∥g∥ = 1) if: (2.2) ∣(φn)′∣ ≥C1> 1 for somen(expanding condition); (2.3) ∣φ″(x)/(φ′(y))2∣ ≤C2< ∞ (second derivative condition); and (2.4) #π< ∞ orφ(Ik) = [0, 1], for eachIk∈π. If (2.4) is deleted, then the situation dramatically changes. The cause of this fact was elucidated in connection with so-calledAdler’s Theorem([1] and [2]).However after that time in the literature occur claims and opinions concerning the existence of invariant densities and their properties for Markov Maps, which satisfy (2.2), (2.3) and do not satisfy (2.4), revealing unacquaintance with that question.In this note we discuss the problems arising from the mentioned claims and opinions. Some solutions of that problems are given, in a systematic way, on the base of the already published results and by providing appropriate examples.
Improving RNA secondary structure prediction via state inference with deep recurrent neural networks
Authors: Willmott Devin , Murrugarra David , Ye Qiang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe problem of determining which nucleotides of an RNA sequence are paired or unpaired in the secondary structure of an RNA, which we call RNA state inference, can be studied by different machine learning techniques. Successful state inference of RNA sequences can be used to generate auxiliary information for data-directed RNA secondary structure prediction. Typical tools for state inference, such as hidden Markov models, exhibit poor performance in RNA state inference, owing in part to their inability to recognize nonlocal dependencies. Bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks have emerged as a powerful tool that can model global nonlinear sequence dependencies and have achieved state-of-the-art performances on many different classification problems.This paper presents a practical approach to RNA secondary structure inference centered around a deep learning method for state inference. State predictions from a deep bidirectional LSTM are used to generate synthetic SHAPE data that can be incorporated into RNA secondary structure prediction via the Nearest Neighbor Thermodynamic Model (NNTM). This method produces predicted secondary structures for a diverse test set of 16S ribosomal RNA that are, on average, 25 percentage points more accurate than undirected MFE structures. Accuracy is highly dependent on the success of our state inference method, and investigating the global features of our state predictions reveals that accuracy of both our state inference and structure inference methods are highly dependent on the similarity of pairing patterns of the sequence to the training dataset. Availability of a large training dataset is critical to the success of this approach. Code available athttps://github.com/dwillmott/rna-state-inf.
Effects of metallurgical factors on reticular crack formations in Nb-bearing pipeline steel
Authors: Zhu Hangyu , Wang Lanqing , Li Jianli , Zhao Jixuan , Yu Yue 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMicroscopic morphologies of reticular cracks in Nb-bearing pipeline surfaces are shown in this work. A decarburization layer, oxidized round spots, and the distributions of residual elements are each detected to better understand the mechanisms of reticular crack formations. The results show that reticular cracks are discontinuously distributed and filled with iron oxide. The oxidized round spots near the crack sides are larger and more intensive than steel matrix, with primary chemical compositions of Fe, Mn, and Si oxides. There is no obvious enrichment of Cu, Cr, or Sn near the crack zones. The formation of reticular cracks occurs prior to both decarburization and the formation of oxidized round spots. The ferrite potential (FP) of the examined pipeline steel is 1.05, which leads to a higher relative crack susceptibility. It is concluded that reticular cracks are generated during the continuous casting solidification process due to the extension of intergranular microcracks along grain boundaries under the abnormal conditions of the continuous casting process.
Reexamining the habit, occurrence, breeding season and conservation of the pen-tailed tree shrew Ptilocercus lowii
Authors: Han Kwai-Hin , Ragai Roslina , Stuebing Robert B. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A pen-tailed tree shrew (Ptilocercus lowii) specimen was live-trapped in 2006 in an Acacia plantation for the first known time at Samarakan Planted Forest Zone (PFZ) in Bintulu, Sarawak. However, its lack of recurring in other Acacia plantations suggests that the monoculture agricultural field is not a typical habitat for this species. Live-trapping data suggest that generally there were two breeding seasons per year for this species in Borneo: a more consistent one occurred between February and April, and a broader one between June and October. The second, the broader breeding season likely varied based on the microhabitat of each sampling site. In Samarakan PFZ, during the 2006 season, we recorded one breeding season between September and October, and in 2007 recorded one between June and July. Meanwhile, since the year 2000, this species was recorded at only 17 locations within its range of distribution in Southeast Asia, suggesting the possibility of population decline and shrinkage in its distribution range. Given the rapid disappearance of forested areas in Southeast Asia, stepping up the field studies and targeted sampling for this species becomes the priority task for all of its conservation work.
Plasmonic electro-optic modulator based on degenerate semiconductor interfaces
Authors: Vinnakota Raj K. , Dong Zuoming , Briggs Andrew F. , Bank Seth R. , Wasserman Daniel , Genov Dentcho A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We present a semiconductor-based optoelectronic switch based on active modulation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at lattice-matched indium gallium arsenide (In0.53Ga0.47As) degenerately doped pn++ junctions. The experimental device, which we refer to as a surface plasmon polariton diode (SPPD), is characterized electrically and optically, showing far-field reflectivity modulation for mid-IR wavelengths. Self-consistent electro-optic multiphysics simulations of the device’s electrical and electromagnetic response have been performed to estimate bias-dependent modulation and switching times. The numerical model shows a strong agreement with the experimental results, validating the claim of excitation and modulation of SPPs at the junction, thus potentially providing a new pathway toward fast optoelectronic devices.
Ultrabright single-photon emission from germanium-vacancy zero-phonon lines: deterministic emitter-waveguide interfacing at plasmonic hot spots
Authors: Siampour Hamidreza , Wang Ou , Zenin Vladimir A. , Boroviks Sergejs , Siyushev Petr , Yang Yuanqing , Davydov Valery A. , Kulikova Liudmila F. , Agafonov Viatcheslav N. , Kubanek Alexander , Mortensen N. Asger , Jelezko Fedor , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Striving for nanometer-sized solid-state single-photon sources, we investigate atom-like quantum emitters based on single germanium-vacancy (GeV) centers isolated in crystalline nanodiamonds (NDs). Cryogenic characterization indicated symmetry-protected and bright (>106 counts/s with off-resonance excitation) zero-phonon optical transitions with up to 6-fold enhancement in energy splitting of their ground states as compared to that found for GeV centers in bulk diamonds (i.e. up to 870 GHz in highly strained NDs vs. 150 GHz in bulk). Utilizing lithographic alignment techniques, we demonstrate an integrated nanophotonic platform for deterministic interfacing plasmonic waveguides with isolated GeV centers in NDs, which enables 10-fold enhancement of single-photon decay rates along with the emission direction control by judiciously designing and positioning a Bragg reflector. This approach allows one to realize the unidirectional emission from single-photon dipolar sources, thereby opening new perspectives for the realization of quantum optical integrated circuits.
Intellectual Freedom and Social Justice: Tensions Between Core Values in American Librarianship
Authors: Knox Emily J. M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOver the past few years, tensions between two core values in U.S. librarianship, intellectual freedom and social justice, have roiled the profession. This conflict was most recently seen in the insertion and subsequent removal of “hate groups” to the list of entities that cannot be denied access to library meeting rooms in the American Library Association’s Meeting Rooms Interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights. This paper is intended to provide context for this conflict. It begins by situating its arguments within ethical philosophy, specifically the study of values or axiology. It then provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of the values of liberalism. Next, the paper discusses the values of truth and freedom from harm in librarianship. Finally, it suggests that a fuller understanding of the library’s place within the public sphere is a possible model for mitigating the tensions currently found in American librarianship. The paper is intended to provide a theoretical foundation for further research.
Modelling Bronze Age sheepherding and wool production: the case of the Terramara settlement at Montale, Italy
Authors: Sabatini Serena 
Published: April 2020

AbstractArguing for an integrated wool-textile economy in the Bronze Age, this paper assesses characteristics and scale of pastoral economy and sheepherding at the Terramare settlement of Montale (Modena province, Italy). Previous studies argued that Montale was a Bronze Age centre of wool production. The present work enhances the understanding of the local textile economy by investigating the evidence for sheepherding and landscape management at the site. It also proposes an interdisciplinary-based approach to investigate and reconstruct pastoral economy and sheepherding strategies in other prehistoric contexts as well.