bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration and exploitation: Which research strategy are you better at?
Authors: Huang Shengzhi , Lu Wei , Cheng Qikai , Zhang Li , Huang Yong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study quantifies and analyzes the individual-level abilities of scientists utilizing either an exploration or an exploitation strategy. Specifically, we present a Research Strategy Q model, which untangles the coupling effect of scientists’ research ability (Qα) and research strategy ability (Eαπ) on research performance. Qα indicates scientists’ fundamental ability to publish high-quality papers, while Eαπ indicates scientists’ proficiency in terms of exploration and exploitation strategies. Five research strategies proposed by our previous study are employed. We generate synthetic data and collect empirical data as our experimental data set. We show that these research strategies present different benefit and risk characteristics. Adopting some exploitation strategies tends to stifle research performance, while exploration strategies are high risk and high yield. Qα and Eαπ have predictive power for research performance. Moreover, we find that, first, scholars who prefer to execute a research strategy, π, may not necessarily be better at executing π. Second, some scholars have differences in their abilities towards different strategies, while other scholars have differences in their abilities towards the same strategy. Third, exploration and exploitation are not contradictory but complementary from the perspective of proficiency, while they are mutually exclusive from the perspective of selection preference.
Amazigh-Arabic Code-Switching in Radio Talk Shows
Authors: Driouch Aziz , Hermas Abdelkader 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study considers code-switching (CS) in the discourse of multilingual Amazigh speakers. The corpus consists of live Amazigh radio talk shows in Morocco (North Africa). The study examines the frequency and nature of CS between Amazigh (Tashelhit variety) and Arabic and identifies the conversational functions of CS. The analysis shows a substantial use of Arabic in Amazigh radio discourse; 72 % of the utterances attest to Arabic CS. The two languages play the role of the matrix and embedded language. Standard Arabic (92 %) is more activated than Moroccan Arabic (8 %). As for the conversational functions of CS, the majority of the functions in Gumperz (1982) are instantiated in the corpus: quotation, interjection, reiteration, message qualification, and personalization and objectivization, but new functions emerged: the principle of economy, cultural items, lexical and semantic gaps, and discourse fillers. Finally, we claim that Amazigh-Arabic CS has led to the inception of a third code that mixes verb stems with morphology of the two languages.
A Model for the Development of Learning in a Virtual Geological Field Trip as a Modified Novelty Space
Authors: Choi Yoon-Sung 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to propose a “modified novelty space” model for learning in virtual geological field trips. To do so, three field sites in Busan National Geopark were selected to explore geological characteristics. VR-based virtual field trips (VFTs) were developed for participation. These VFTs consisted of basic, plus, and advanced steps. The modified novelty space model redefines the novelty space for the context of virtual learning environments (VLEs) by subdividing it into cognitive, geographic, psychological, technical, and social factors. The cognitive domain refers to the curriculum content in geology. The geographic domain involves contextual interpretations of places. The psychological domain increases familiarity based on methods to provide stability. The technical domain refers to the ability to handle skills. The social domain refers to emotional sharing among people in relationships. This model proposes five elements with the aim of decrease in modified novelty space ultimately contributing positively to virtual learning.
A Database of Early Modern Tax Registers of the White Forest (Central Poland)
Authors: Jasiński Cezary , Związek Tomasz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article presents a database focusing on settlement patterns, demographics, and economic transformations within one of the largest forested areas of early modern Poland, the White Forest, situated at the confluence of two significant rivers, the Narew and Bug. These waterways historically facilitated the export of grain and forest products from eastern Poland and certain regions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. This database was compiled according to the guidelines established by the “Historical Atlas of Poland” which gathers spatially-oriented data pertinent to the historical geography of Polish lands. The database pertains to a region that was somewhat peripheral in terms of the overall national development, rendering it suitable for comparative analysis with other European regions that exhibit similar trends—intensive settlement expansion, environmental pressure in the early modern era, and a degree of distance from contemporary political and economic hubs.
Examining the Impact of ict Use and Related Attitudes on Students’ Achievements in Science Using the pls-sem Model
Authors: Eksail Fuad Ali Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Investigations were conducted into the relationships between science achievement and ict use in and out of the classroom, as well as the mediating effects of students’ interest in and perceptions of their ict proficiency. The primary focus of this study has been the association between ict and scientific achievement among Singaporean students as measured by the Programme for International Student Assessment (pisa) 2018. This study examined pisa 2018 data using partial least squares structural equation modeling (pls-sem) to evaluate the effect of ict use on students’ achievements in science. Complex cause-and-effect relationships in path models with latent variables can be estimated using the structural equation modeling method known as pls-sem. 6,676 15-year-old Singaporean students who participated in the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (pisa) were examined. Students’ interest in ict, their assessment of their ict competency, and their accomplishment in science were found to be correlated with how they used ict both inside and outside of the classroom. The findings also imply that the association between ict use and science accomplishment may be mediated by students’ perceived ict proficiency and interest. This research can contribute to advancing the theoretical knowledge of technology, learning, and the cultural environment, in addition to practical ict implementations in scientific classes that consider the variances in ict affects.
Coproducing Recommendations for Decolonizing the Psychology Curriculum With Psychology Faculty Members
Authors: Saxena Gaurav , Allen Peter J , Kent Christopher , Yardley Lucy 
Published: December 2024

Background In the United Kingdom, psychology departments are responding to growing calls for curriculum decolonization. However, there remains limited dialogue and sharing of best practice. Objective We aimed to catalyze discussion among key faculty members involved in curriculum decolonization, learn from their experiences, and collaboratively develop recommendations for psychology curriculum decolonization. Method Eleven contributors shared their insights regarding their departments’ decolonization efforts and how they navigated challenges. Findings Reflexive thematic analysis generated five themes. Motivation to decolonize the curriculum highlighted the student-centric, institutional, and ethical reasons driving curriculum decolonization. Approaches to curriculum decolonization described the varied ways in which curriculum decolonization is being envisioned. Efforts towards decolonizing the curriculum included two subthemes: review, revise, and reform discussed the initiatives for decolonizing the content-related aspects of the curriculum, and train, collaborate, and empower highlighted the efforts that complemented these initiatives. Supporting curriculum decolonization explained how decolonization work could be sustained, and creating a conducive ecosystem discussed the need for a supportive environment. Conclusion Our study highlighted the potential of collaborative efforts, institutional support, critical reflection, and inclusive dialogue to reimagine, restructure, and decolonize curricula. Teaching implications: we propose 12 concrete, co-produced, evidence-based recommendations to help initiate and advance psychology curriculum decolonization.
A systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the impact of pentoxifylline on the healing and recurrence of venous leg ulcers
Authors: Salih Marwah , Elghazaly Hussein , Salih Sarah , Onida Sarah , Davies Alun H 
Published: December 2024

Introduction Venous leg ulcers (VLU) are the most severe manifestation of venous insufficiency and carry a poor prognosis because of delayed healing and recurrent ulceration. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is an example of a vasoactive medication that can be used alongside compression therapy to help improve ulcer healing rates. A previous review highlighted improved healing of VLU with PTX, although no analysis was made for complete ulcer healing and recurrence following treatment. Methods A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The EMBASE, MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were searched for all relevant English-language human studies between January 1980 and August 2023. Two independent authors screened and reviewed all articles for inclusion, performed data extraction and assessed methodological quality according to Cochrane’s risk of bias tool. Primary outcomes included complete ulcer healing and recurrence rates in the ipsilateral limb. Results Ten studies were eligible for analysis, of which nine were randomised trials and one was an observational cohort study. There were a total of 1,025 participants, with 515 having received PTX. In those receiving 1200 mg PTX, venous leg ulcers healed in 62% (315 participants). Compared to controls, PTX administration was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of complete ulcer healing (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.97-3.32, p < .001). The rate and time of ulcer recurrence were not recorded in any of the studies included. Conclusion The evidence demonstrates that PTX may have a significant beneficial impact on the rate of complete ulcer healing. Little evidence is currently present in the literature evaluating the recurrence rates of ulcers following PTX treatment. Large scale, high quality RCTs with an adequate follow-up period are needed to evaluate this and assess whether treatment with PTX shows a significant benefit in prevention of recurrence in venous ulcers.
Conceptual Confusion: A Barrier to Multi-Professional Involvement in Advance Care Planning in Nursing Homes – An Ethnographic Study
Authors: Andrews Nicola , Myall Michelle 
Published: December 2024

Objectives How health and social care professionals need to work together to deliver advance care planning (ACP) in nursing homes is not fully understood, with a reliance on professionals external to the nursing home to support ACP in the United Kingdom. The objectives of this study were to (a) examine the factors that influence multi-professional involvement in the ACP process within nursing homes and (b) explore how multi-professional working impacts the ACP process in nursing homes. Methods Using ethnography, data was collected through observation, interviews and document review from 36 participants including residents ( n = 6), relatives ( n = 4), nursing home staff ( n = 19) and visiting professionals ( n = 7). Data analysis combined thematic analysis, mapping of ACP trajectories for participant residents, and documentary analysis of nursing home policies. Results There was conceptual confusion around ACP. How ACP was understood and what was prioritised for inclusion varied between residents and professionals, and between different professionals. That ACP was frequently integrated with routine care planning was not recognised in how professionals accounted for their ACP practice. Professionals prioritised biomedical concerns, despite this not reflecting resident priorities and policy suggesting a broader definition. This created difficulties in enacting ACP, with a holistic understanding of resident wishes not always captured. Conclusions A shared understanding of ACP was not consistently evident from those tasked with its enactment. This, combined with professional construction of ACP in biomedical terms, limits multi-professional working and can prevent a person-centred process being achieved for nursing home residents.
High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among adolescents and young adults attending HIV and sexual health clinics
Authors: Pansue Krisanee , Promsena Pathariya , Songtaweesin Wipaporn Natalie , Moonwong Juthamanee , Ryan Juliet , Kawichai Surinda , Thanapirom Kessarin , Puthanakit Thanyawee 
Published: December 2024

Background The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Thai adults is 0.5%–1.0%. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HCV infection among adolescents and young adults (AYA) accessing HIV/sexual health clinics. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among AYA aged 15–24 years attending HIV/sexual health clinics in Bangkok, Thailand. The HCV infection prevalence, defined by anti-HCV antibody positivity using rapid diagnostic tests (SD BIOSENSOR, Korea), were reported with proportions and a 95% confidence interval (CI). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with HCV infection. Results From March to August 2023, 300 AYAs with a median age of 21 (interquartile range 20–23) years were enrolled into the study. One-third (29.7%) were people living with HIV (PLHIV). The overall prevalence of HCV infection was 2.7% (95%CI 1.2–5.2). Prevalence was higher among PLHIV (5.6%) compared to AYA without HIV (1.4%) ( p-value 0.053). The factor most significantly associated with HCV infection was people who used drugs (adjusted odds ratio 15.3, 95% CI 2.9–82.0, p-value 0.001). Conclusions History of drug use was associated with the highest HCV infection prevalence. PLHIV had a trend of higher prevalence. HCV screening in HIV/sexual health clinics is recommended for early detection, treatment, and transmission reduction.
Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Mental Health Issues: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aravind Arya , Agarwal Manju , Malhotra Shahzadi , Ayyub Sayma 
Published: December 2024

Background Mental health disorders rank among the most common psychiatric conditions, with lifetime prevalence rates that have a significant effect on the global population. Although CBT is still the most generally recommended psychosocial intervention for mental health problems, a significant number of patients do not fully react to therapy, which results in persistent symptoms. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has gained worldwide attention as a promising intervention with a growing body of empirical support across a variety of mental health conditions. Summary A systematic review was conducted to evaluate ACT’s impact on mental health. Comprehensive searches of Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Shodganga, along with reference and citation checks, yielded 15 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Four independent reviewers assessed the studies for eligibility, methodological rigor, and data extraction. The findings revealed that ACT consistently reduces symptom severity, improves emotional regulation, enhances life satisfaction, and increases psychological flexibility. However, common methodological limitations include small sample sizes, lack of long-term follow-ups, and limited control group comparisons. Key Message ACT demonstrates significant promise as a trans-diagnostic intervention adaptable to various mental health issues. Despite its evident benefits in symptom reduction and psychological well-being, further research addressing methodological constraints is crucial to optimize its clinical applications and establish its long-term efficacy.
Exploring Beta-sitosterol’s Role in Breast Cancer Treatment via Integrated Network Pharmacological Analysis and In Vitro Validation
Authors: Yu Jiaxing , Cheng Shuqin , Ye Zelin , Zhang Ming , Zhao Xinlei 
Published: December 2024

Background Beta-sitosterol, a phytosterol similar to cholesterol, is found in various plants and is recognized for its potential anticancer properties; still, the mechanism of breast cancer (BC) remains elusive. Purpose This study investigates the potential targets of beta-sitosterol in BC using network pharmacological analysis and in vitro validation. Methods Targets of beta-sitosterol and BC were identified from online databases, including Swiss Target Prediction, SuperPred, GeneCards, and DisGeNET. Protein–protein interactions of common targets were analyzed using STRING version 11.0, and network construction and core target screening were performed with Cytoscape 3.8.0. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and gene ontology (GO) annotation were conducted using the ShinyGO web tool. Molecular docking analysis was done with AutoDock Vina and the in vitro validation, including cell viability, apoptosis, and gene expression analysis was done using MTT assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Results Sixty-eight common targets for beta-sitosterol and BC were identified from 209 beta-sitosterol targets and 1,350 BC-related genes. Five core targets (HIF1A, ESR1, STAT3, TNF, and MAPK3) were identified. GO analysis linked common targets to biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. KEGG pathway analysis showed enrichment in pathways such as central carbon metabolism in cancer, vascular endothelial growth factor signaling, and prolactin signaling. Beta-sitosterol’s impact on MCF7 cell viability was assessed via MTT assay, and its molecular effects were explored through PCR. Results demonstrated beta-sitosterol’s ability to hinder tumor progression by modulating genes involved in ESR1, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways. Conclusion These findings highlight beta-sitosterol’s potential as an anticancer agent, offering new perspectives for clinical investigations through the modulation of key signaling pathways in BC.
Demographic Distribution and Contributing Factors of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Tertiary Care Centre Study
Authors: Gera Priyanka , Singh Neena Vir , Kaur Sukhpal , Tewari M. K. 
Published: December 2024

Objective To determine the demographic distribution and contributing factors of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Materials and Methods Using total enumeration sampling technique, 61 patients during October-December 2020, were enrolled in the study. Data was collected using a pre-validated questionnaire. Results Mean age of patients was 41.16 ± 15.1 (range 6–70) years. Majority were male (78.7%) and married (73.8%). Most of the patients belonged to Punjab state (47.5%) and rural areas (72.1%). Major cause of TBI was a road-side accident (RSA) in 70.5% patients. One-quarter (24.6%) of the patients had consumed alcohol at the time of injury. One-third (34.4%) of the patients did not suffer immediate loss of consciousness. However, 65.6% patients lost consciousness immediately after injury of which only 55.7% regained it within six hours. Three-quarters (75%) of the patients received help within 30 minutes of TBI. Around 30% of the cases reported poor road infrastructure as contributing factors to RSA. Nearly half (48.8%) of the patients were driving a 2-wheeler while 27.9% were pillion riders. None of the 2-wheeler occupants wore helmets. Around half (46.5%) of the patients had collision/hit as the mechanism of injury while it was a loss of balance and slip/skid in 16.3% and 9.3% patients, respectively. Among 25% of the patients who had fallen, 43.8% had fallen from height followed by fall from stairs in 37.5% patients. The remaining 3% of TBI patients were assaulted as a result of quarrels due to property disputes or alcohol consumption by some blunt physical objects. Conclusion The present study reported RSA as the major cause of TBI contributed by poor road infrastructure and negligence towards road safety rules.
Re-examining Wage Disparities Across Segments of the Indian Labor Market
Authors: Ahmed Nawazuddin , Nauriyal D. K. 
Published: December 2024

This article examines income disparities by considering both employer and employee perspectives of informality to scrutinize labor market segmentation in India. Additionally, the research investigates the impacts of varying degrees of urbanization, migration patterns, and industrial structures on formal and informal employment in the labor force. Utilizing data from the National Sample Survey Employment and Unemployment Survey rounds, specifically the 2004–2005 (61st) and 2011–2012 (68th) rounds, along with the Periodic Labour Force Survey 2018–2019 round, quantile regression models and the Recentred Influence Function decomposition method were employed to analyze wage inequality. A selection-corrected wage equation and its estimate were also presented by applying Bourguignon, Fournier, and Gurgand’s model-based selection correction. The study’s findings indicate that by 2019, the labor market had divided into two groups: organized formal workers and others. Further, the study reports wage convergence at lower quantiles and a widening gap at higher quantiles between organized formal and unorganized informal workers. Organized formal workers witness rising earnings, indicating positive wage growth, yet their share in overall employment remains small, which is significant given low job creation and high educated unemployment. At higher wage quantiles, there is a premium for being an informal worker in the organized sector compared to the unorganized sector, indicating a queue for formal employment opportunities in the organized sector. Despite the service sector’s significant role in Indian growth, it lags in creating formal job opportunities, unlike the manufacturing and construction sectors, which emphasize their substantial contribution to formal job generation. This study underlines that categorizing a firm as merely organized or a worker as formally employed is insufficient. Upgrades in these classifications should be accompanied by premiums, with wages being a key consideration. JEL Classification J31, J42, J62, J71
How Chinese Nurses Cope With Acculturation Challenges in Japan: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Mori Tsubasa , Tobita Itoko 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Chinese nurses in Japan face difficulties owing to differences in language, interpersonal behaviors, and nursing roles. This study examined how Chinese nurses in Japan cope with acculturation challenges. Methodology: This study employed a qualitative descriptive design using individual semi-structured interviews with 10 Chinese nurses. Thematic content analysis was performed. Results: Chinese nurses performed their tasks despite language barriers. Furthermore, they behaved according to Japanese social norms and adjusted their perceptions by focusing on the favorable aspects of different nursing roles. They used the same approach to overcome the psychological stress due to these differences. They learned these coping strategies through interactions with Japanese individuals in work settings. Discussion: Providing support for learning language expression, behavior, and family nursing in accordance with Japanese social norms could facilitate Chinese nurses’ adjustment. Moreover, a deeper understanding of each other’s cultures is crucial for a successful cross-cultural collaboration.