bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seed size has a major impact on fall seedling vigor in the cover crop hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth)
Authors: Tilhou Neal , Kucek Lisa Kissing , Moore Virginia , Hanson Solveig , Reberg‐Horton S. Chris , Ryan Matthew R. , Ehlke Nancy , Bartow Amy , Carr Brandon , Douglas Joel , Englert John , Crawford Jamie , Crawford Ryan , Ali Shahjahan , Bhamidimarri Suresh , Mirsky Steven , Monteros Maria J. , Hayes Ryan , Riday Heathcliffe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeedling vigor is a critical trait for successful cover crop varieties. Selection for seed size can impact fall seedling vigor in the cover crop hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth). Fall vigor and seed size measurements from 1239 plants and fall vigor measurements from 13,923 progeny across 25 different growing environments were used to calculate narrow sense heritabilities and identify relationships between variance components of fall vigor and seed size. Standardized parent–progeny heritabilities were estimated across multiple years and environments and used to determine the impact of seed size on offspring fall vigor. A genome‐wide association study for seed size (n = 853, m = 1,010,403, two environments) was conducted to explore genetic determinants associated with this trait. Seed size was influenced by parent genetics and parent growing environments and had a significant impact on the fall vigor of the offspring. The narrow sense heritability of seed size was greater than visual fall vigor scores (0.580 and 0.111, respectively) and was less influenced by genotype‐by‐environment variance. Finally, parental seed size had a strong and consistent genetic correlation to offspring fall vigor relative to direct parental measurements of fall vigor (standardized parent–progeny heritability 0.17 for parent seed size‐progeny fall vigor compared to nearly zero for parent fall vigor_offspring fall vigor). The genome‐wide association study did not find significant loci controlling seed size. The strong correlation between seed size and fall vigor highlights an important consideration for growers since larger seed size may increase fall vigor, thus impacting profitability for producers.
A Current‐Fed Switched Capacitor Inverter With Voltage Boosting, Reduced Harmonic Distortion, and Minimal Device Count
Authors: Ashwin K. , Nakul Narayanan K. , Umanand L. , Subba Reddy B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDC–AC inverters are an important set of power converters when it comes to integration of the renewable energy resources in to the AC grid or to local AC loads. The multilevel inverters (MLIs) are a common and popular choice for such applications. However, MLIs require many switching devices for higher number of voltage levels, multiple isolated DC sources, need for additional charge‐balancing circuits for the DC‐link capacitor, and unequal voltage stress in the devices at higher power levels. Switched capacitor–based inverters are emerging as a popular alternative to the conventional MLIs that do provide inherent charge balancing, reduced device stress, output voltage–boosting capability, and highly compact converters. This work proposes such a current‐fed DC–AC switched capacitor converter (SCC). This converter offers advantages such as reduced count of switched capacitors and power devices, elimination of load‐side filtering elements, reduced switching ripple in output voltage due to inherent interleaving, reduced voltage and current total harmonic distortion (THD), and lower ratings of the switched capacitors. An adaptive hysteresis control scheme is used to track the voltage across the switched capacitors to a desired sinusoidal reference. The overall control architecture is straightforward to implement, and the switching architecture uses overlapping logic to prevent interrupting the input current. The work includes a complete analysis and design procedure. A 500‐W laboratory prototype of the proposed converter is built, with the control architecture implemented using the TMS320F28379D microcontroller. Simulation results are verified with experimental outcomes.
Gastric Cytology: A Supplement to Early Diagnosis of Gastric Malignancies
Authors: Venkataramana Chaithra Gowthuvalli , Sinchana K. M. , Lali Bhagat Singh , Rai Sharada , Kini Jyoti R. , Kocherlakota Akhil , Prasad Sriram Sujay , Mohan Saraswathi Ram 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionGastric malignancies are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Rapid accurate interpretation of gastric cytology aids in early diagnosis and management. This study evaluates the utility of gastric cytology in diagnosing gastric malignancies.MethodsThis retrospective, cross‐sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology for a period of 3.5 years. The cases with clinical suspicion of gastric malignancy and those who have had both cytology and histopathology examinations were included. Cytology results were reported as positive for malignancy, suspicious for malignancy, atypical cells‐favor reactive, and negative for malignancy. The cytology and histopathology results were correlated, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze data.ResultsAmong 118 patients included in the study, 103 cases were malignant and 15 were nonmalignant. Out of 103 malignant cases, 89 cases were detected in cytology. False positive cases consisted of four gastritis cases with florid reactive atypia and one with moderate dysplasia. False negative cases were of diffuse and intestinal subtypes of adenocarcinoma, followed by non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Sensitivity and specificity were found to be 86.41% and 66.67%, respectively. The positive predictive value is 94.68% with 41.67% negative predictive value and a diagnostic accuracy of 83.90%.ConclusionGastric cytology is a reliable screening and diagnostic tool with a high positive predictive value and acceptable sensitivity. Negative cytology in suspected cases of gastric malignancy should always be correlated with biopsy reports. Diffuse type, intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma were the major pitfall on cytology. The cells in the background must be meticulously observed for the malignant features. Gastric cytology is cost‐effective and yields rapid diagnosis with a high positive predictive value, sensitivity, and diagnostic accuracy.
The risk of death according to left ventricular ejection fraction and right ventricular dilatation in 17 321 adults with heart failure from 40 high‐, middle‐ and low‐income countries – A Global Congestive Heart Failure (G‐CHF) study
Authors: Leong Darryl P. , Joseph Philip G. , Dokainish Hisham , Störk Stefan , McMurray John V.V. , Mielniczuk Lisa M. , Sharma Sanjib Kumar , Orlandini Andrés , Karaye Kamilu M. , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , McCready Tara , Grinvalds Alex , Balasubramanian Kumar , Branch Kelley R. , Kragholm Kristian , Yusuf Salim ,    on behalf of the G‐CHF Investigators
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to describe the prognostic importance of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) versus right ventricular (RV) dilatation and dysfunction in patients with heart failure (HF) from countries of different income levels.Methods and resultsWe enrolled 17 321 participants with HF from 40 countries. Participants were followed for a median (25th–75th percentile) of 2.1 (2.0–4.6) years. Cox proportional hazards models were performed with adjustment for age, sex, HF aetiology, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tobacco and alcohol use, functional class, and the use of HF medications, blood pressure, serum creatinine and HF duration. During follow‐up, 5738 (33%) participants died and 3569 (21%) were hospitalized for HF. Compared with LVEF ≥50%, the hazard ratios (HR) for death were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80–0.97, p = 0.009) in patients with LVEF 40–49%, 0.96 (95% CI 0.88–1.05, p = 0.40) for LVEF 30–39%, and 1.18 (95% CI 1.08–1.29, p < 0.0001) for LVEF <30%. RV enlargement was associated with an increased risk of death (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.26–1.44, p < 0.0001). The relationship between LVEF and death differed according to HF aetiology (interaction p = 0.0010). In ischaemic HF and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, there was a continuous inverse association between LVEF and the risk of death, but in hypertensive, valvular and other HF types, there was no association between LVEF and the risk of mortality.ConclusionReduced LVEF was associated with worse prognosis in ischaemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy but not in HF of other causes. RV enlargement was associated with a more marked increase in the risk of death.
Analysis of the dynamics of the land use changes in the Mediterranean region of southern Spain and its relationship with water availability
Authors: Sillero‐Medina J. A. , Galacho‐Jimenez F. B. , Molina J. , Ruiz‐Sinoga J. D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the recent decades, the increase in irrigated agricultural areas has been a constant trend in the Mediterranean region, being concurrent with a reduction in the availability of water resources, due not only to an increase in demand but also to a reduction in supply as a result of the climate crisis. This study has analysed the evolution in land use changes between 1991 and 2021 in the Mediterranean region of southern Spain; the increase in the areas occupied by irrigated crops has been quantified; the climatic and edaphic dynamics linked to water risks have been identified, analysing the evolution of the annual precipitation, the number of rainy days and the distance to the wilting point of the soil; and, finally, it has been determined which factors are the most explanatory in this dynamic of land use. Using several machine learning methods, we could state how the current dynamics of land use are not in accordance with the availability and evolution of water resources, and how the areas where irrigated crops have increased the most are those where the climatic pattern shows a greater decrease in water resources, indicating how decisions on land uses are not done considering climatological conditions, but economic benefits.
The Utility of the PTeye Autofluorescence Detection Device During Parathyroidectomy for the Treatment of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Mancera Camila , King Tonya S. , Long Brittany A. , Tufano Tyler P. , Tufano Ralph P. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study evaluates the utility of PTeye autofluorescence (AF) technology in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) surgery.MethodsA retrospective review analyzed 232 patients undergoing first‐time parathyroid surgery between September 2021 and 2023. Of these, 92 underwent surgery consecutively without PTeye assistance, then 140 underwent PTeye‐guided surgery consecutively.ResultsThe PTeye‐guided surgery group showed significantly higher parathyroid gland identification rates (p < 0.001) and a 20.7 times greater likelihood of identifying all four glands compared to controls (3.3%). No cases of permanent hypoparathyroidism were reported, indicating the procedure's safety.ConclusionsPTeye appears to be a safe and effective technology that can be used to improve parathyroid gland identification during first time surgery for PHPT. This is particularly beneficial for patient population with a high prevalence of multiglandular disease.
Investigation of Atomized Droplet Characteristics and Heat Transfer Performance in Minimum Quantity Lubrication Cutting Technology
Authors: Li Donghui , Zhang Tao , Zheng Tao , Zhao Nan , Li Zhen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMinimum quantity lubrication (MQL) cutting technology is ecologically friendly and efficient in terms of cooling and lubrication. It has be.en widely used in recent years. The atomization effect of the MQL system was characterized by the average diameter of atomized droplets in this study. Second, the MQL heat transfer experimental platform was built, and the cooling experiments were carried out under different MQL parameters. The heat flux density is linearly related to the heat source temperature under steady‐state conditions, and the nozzle target distance has the greatest influence on the cooling effectiveness. The flow state of the lubricating oil is liquid film flow when the heat source temperature is lower than 120°C. The flow state of the lubricating oil is ditch flow when the heat source temperature is higher than 180°C. The average droplet diameter decreased by 43.7% when the pressure was 0.4 MPa compared with 0.2 MPa. An increase in gas supply pressure can improve the cooling effect of MQL. With the increase in flow rate, the average droplet diameter and steady‐state heat flux do not change significantly. At 270°C, the steady‐state heat flux at a flow rate of 90 mL/h was only 2.99% lower than that at 18 mL/h. The average droplet diameter is the smallest, and the cooling effect is the best when the nozzle diameter is 1.5 mm. The heat transfer effect is the best when the nozzle distance is 20 mm at different temperatures. When the nozzle distance is between 20 and 40 mm, the heat transfer capacity of MQL is the most stable. The heat transfer performance of MQL is helpful to improving the efficiency and quality of cutting, and promoting the implementation of a green manufacturing and sustainable development strategy.
Spontaneous hemorrhage in adrenal myelolipoma treated with elective laparoscopic adrenalectomy following selective arterial embolization
Authors: Ito Itsuho , Takehara Kosuke , Miyazaki Yuya , Tsuchiyama Ayaka , Mukae Yuta , Hayakawa Koichi , Sakamoto Ichiro , Irie Junji , Watanabe Junichi 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAdrenal myelolipoma is a benign adrenal tumor that is typically asymptomatic and is rarely associated with hemorrhage or rupture. Here, we present a case of adrenal myelolipoma with spontaneous hemorrhage.Case presentationA 72‐year‐old man with a history of obesity and hypertension visited the Department of Emergency Medicine with a sudden onset of severe left flank pain. Enhanced computed tomography showed a left adrenal tumor containing a fat component with a focus of contrast medium visualized extravasation. The patient was diagnosed with adrenal myelolipoma with spontaneous hemorrhage. Selective adrenal arterial embolization was performed to manage the severe pain, and the condition immediately improved. Four months later, laparoscopic left adrenalectomy was performed via a transperitoneal approach. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma.ConclusionUrgent transarterial embolization followed by elective laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a safe and minimally invasive treatment option for managing adrenal myelolipomas with hemorrhage.
Enhancing Apheresis Knowledge: An Educational Intervention for Non‐Apheresis Medical Providers
Authors: Achram Robert , Dent E. Alexander , Yee Marianne , Roback John D. , Guarner Jeannette , Sullivan H. Cliff 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA knowledge gap exists between apheresis medicine (AM) physicians and providers who request the service, presenting challenges when coordinating care. We investigated an educational intervention consisting of a 40‐min in‐person evidence‐based lecture for neurology residents, neurology attending physicians, and nephrology fellows. Pre−/post‐testing demonstrated substantially improved understanding of apheresis mechanics, indications, complications, and patient consent. We advocate for more educational sessions about AM for the non‐apheresis providers to increase awareness about apheresis and foster collaborative interdisciplinary efforts.
Survive the economic downturn: Operating flexibility, productivity, and stock crash
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Xiaojun , Xu Fangming , Ho Tuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOperating flexibility supports a firm's resilience strategy during challenging times by enabling them to promptly cut down operating costs associated with unproductive resources. We employ a real options model to formalize this insight. Our empirically grounding analytics motivate a firm‐level proxy for downscale operating flexibility (FLEX), which effectively captures the adjustment frictions across different contexts of firms' operations. Using U.S. data between 1961 and 2020, we show that operating flexibility mitigates the risk of stock price crashes, especially during periods of economic recession. Consistent with the loss‐curtailment mechanism, the operating flexibility effect is more pronounced for firms with lower productivity/profitability or higher operating leverage and is further amplified during longer and more severe recessions. Managers may avail themselves of our well‐tested empirical measure of operating flexibility to guide their efforts in building a more resilient operations structure.
Do invasive predators pose a predation risk to roosting shorebirds? Fecal DNA and camera trap analysis
Authors: Williams Louise A. , Dupré Samuel , Stat Michael , Hayward Matt W. , Tourenq Christophe , Griffin Andrea S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractShorebird populations have experienced dramatic population declines worldwide. Reasons for these declines are varied, but one largely understudied threat at migratory shorebird non‐breeding grounds is predation by introduced predators. High‐tide roosting shorebirds may be vulnerable to ground predation, as they roost in a spatially clumped and temporally predictable manner in areas easily accessible to ground predators. We measured predation risk by the introduced red fox (Vulpes vulpes) at high‐tide roosts within 2 internationally important shorebird estuaries in New South Wales, Australia, during a time when non‐breeding shorebird numbers were at their annual peak, using a combination of camera trapping and environmental DNA (eDNA). Foxes were present at all study sites and were seen most frequently at sites encompassing the 2 largest high‐tide roosts within the study estuaries, and least frequently nearest the roosts. Metabarcoding identified a broad range of avian taxa in fox scats collected at roosts, including ground‐dwelling birds, native waterbirds, and introduced pigeons and doves, but no shorebird species. Bird prevalence in fox scats reached levels that far exceeded those reported in prior studies. Future studies should examine whether red foxes present a non‐lethal, rather than lethal, predation threat to high‐tide roosting shorebirds when feeding on other co‐occurring food sources, potentially inducing energetically costly predator avoidance.
2D/Quasi‐2D/3D CsPbIxBr3–x Vertical Heterostructures for High‐Performance Infrared‐Blind Visible‐Light Photodetectors Toward Imaging Application
Authors: Liang Ying , Yan Zhiyu , Feng Bo , Fei Jianjian , Yang Tian , Liang Xifa , Zhu Haiyang , Chen Pinhao , Huang Zhanfeng , Zhu Lu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntrinsic near‐infrared response of silicon‐based photodetectors can cause undesirable noise and thus undermine performance in visible‐light applications. All‐inorganic perovskite CsPbIxBr3–x with the absorption cutoff at ≈720 nm shows significant potential in visible‐light photodetection. However, its poor phase stability and high defect density on surfaces of polycrystalline films significantly impairs its performance. Constructing low‐dimension/3D heterostructure atop CsPbIxBr3–x is an effective way to simultaneously address stability and defect challenges. Herein, a facile and universal strategy is demonstrated to construct 2D PEA2PbI2Br2/quasi‐2D PEA2CsPb2I5Br2/3D CsPbIxBr3–x heterostructures by two‐step sequential surface treatment with phenylethylammonium bromide (PEABr). The PEABr pre‐treatment in the first step favors the volatilization of dimethylammonium iodide to produce higher phase stability. With the addition of strong‐polarity methanol in the solution for the second treatment, PEABr can easily react with the PbIxBr2–x rich surface to form low‐dimensional/3D perovskites heterostructure. Resultant heterostructure‐based photodetectors achieve superior performance in photodiode‐type photodetectors and enhanced stability, specifically a champion external quantum efficiency of 84% and detectivity of 3.1 × 1012 Jones at 690 nm, and linear dynamic range of 163 dB. Finally, the visible‐light imaging is demonstrated. This work offers a universal approach to realize CsPbIxBr3–x heterostructures and stimulates infrared‐blind visible‐light applications.
Orthogonal‐Based Reconfigurable Light‐Controlled Metasurface for Multichannel Amplitude‐Modulation Communication
Authors: Li Yuxi , Zhu Ruichao , Sui Sai , Han Yajuan , Ding Chang , Jia Yuxiang , Wang Shaojie , Feng Cunqian , Qu Shaobo , Wang Jiafu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOptical‐control reconfigurable metasurfaces can avoid crosstalk between microwave signal and direct current (DC) signal caused by physical wire connection, which paves a paradigm for dynamically and remotely controlling electromagnetic (EM) wave. However, the traditional light‐controlled reconfigurable metasurfaces mainly focus on the modulation of single polarized EM wave, which is difficult to adapt to the modulation of various signals in communication. In this work, a photoresistor is fully embedded into the meta‐atom as an active device, and a light‐controlled reconfigurable metasurface (LCRM) with multi‐polarization amplitude modulations is proposed. The designed metasurface controls the luminous intensity of light emitting diode (LED) array through computer, and then adjusts the photoresistor value, which can achieve amplitude modulations. In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed framework, the metasurface is simulated, fabricated, and measured, and the measurement results are basically consistent with the theoretical simulation results. Based on the EM characteristics of the designed metasurface, linear polarized (LP) wave synthesis and information transmission are carried out to demonstrate the design. This work designs an amplitude modulation metasurface under orthogonal‐polarization wave incidence to expand the LCRM application, which has broad development prospects in many fields such as information transmission, communication systems, and holographic imaging.
An Optimized Ex Vivo n–3 PUFA Supplementation Strategy for Primary Human Macrophages Shows That DHA Suppresses Prostaglandin E2 Formation
Authors: Kirchhoff Rebecca , Kampschulte Nadja , Rothweiler Carina , Rohwer Nadine , Weylandt Karsten‐Henrich , Schebb Nils Helge 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEvidence suggests beneficial effects of long‐chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in inflammatory diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms are still subject of research. For this purpose, we developed an ex vivo n–3 PUFA supplementation strategy. M2‐like macrophages were supplemented for 2–3 days with 20–40 µM docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during differentiation. Quality parameters include <3% oxylipins for PUFA‐preparation, total fatty acids (FAs) <10 mM, and low oxylipins in plasma, n–3 PUFA <0.25 mM for the selection of donors of plasma as well as %n–6 in highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) ≥70% for donors of cells. Following supplementation, PUFA pattern of cells was shifted toward one described for blood and tissue from subjects with higher n–3 and lower n–6 PUFAs. This was accompanied by a decrease of arachidonic acid‐derived oxylipins in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in favor of n–3 PUFA ones. Stimulation with LPS resulted in decreased levels of pro‐inflammatory prostaglandins in the DHA‐supplemented cells, but no changes in cytokines. In vitro supplementation studies with n–3 PUFA need rigorous controls to exclude the background formation of oxylipins. By accounting for these possible confounders the described approach allows the mechanistic investigation of n–3 PUFAs in primary human immune cells, offering an alternative for intervention studies.