bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting Myeloid-Specific Integrin α9β1 Improves Short- and Long-Term Stroke Outcomes in Murine Models With Preexisting Comorbidities by Limiting Thrombosis and Inflammation
Authors: Dhanesha Nirav , Jain Manish , Tripathi Amit K. , Doddapattar Prakash , Chorawala Mehul , Bathla Girish , Nayak Manasa K. , Ghatge Madankumar , Lentz Steven R. , Kon Shigeyuki , Chauhan Anil K. 
Published: March 2020

Rationale:
Currently, there is no effective intervention available that can reduce brain damage following reperfusion. Clinical studies suggest a positive correlation between the increased influx of neutrophils and severity of brain injury following reperfusion. Integrin α9β1 is highly expressed on activated neutrophils and contributes to stable adhesion, but its role in stroke outcome has not been demonstrated to date.

Objective:
We sought to determine the mechanistic role of myeloid-specific α9β1 in the progression of ischemic stroke in murine models with preexisting comorbidities.

Methods and Results:

We generated novel myeloid-specific α9-deficient (
α9
−/−
) wild type (
α9

fl/fl

LysMCre
+/−
), hyperlipidemic (
α9

fl/fl

LysMCre
+/−
Apoe
−/−
), and aged (bone marrow chimeric) mice to evaluate stroke outcome. Susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury was evaluated at 1, 7, and 28 days following reperfusion in 2 models of experimental stroke: filament and embolic. We found that peripheral neutrophils displayed elevated α9 expression following stroke. Irrespective of sex, genetic deletion of α9 in myeloid cells improved short- and long-term stroke outcomes in the wild type, hyperlipidemic, and aged mice. Improved stroke outcome and enhanced survival in myeloid-specific
α9
−/−
mice was because of marked decrease in cerebral thromboinflammatory response as evidenced by reduced fibrin, platelet thrombi, neutrophil, NETosis, and decreased phospho-NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α, and IL (interleukin)-1β levels.
α9
−/−
mice were less susceptible to FeCl
3
injury-induced carotid artery thrombosis that was concomitant with improved regional cerebral blood flow following stroke as revealed by laser speckle imaging. Mechanistically, fibronectin containing extra domain A, a ligand for integrin α9, partially contributed to α9-mediated stroke exacerbation. Infusion of a specific anti-integrin α9 inhibitor into hyperlipidemic mice following reperfusion significantly reduced infarct volume and improved short- and long-term functional outcomes up to 28 days.

Conclusions:
We provide genetic and pharmacological evidence for the first time that targeting myeloid-specific integrin α9β1 improves short- and long-term functional outcomes in stroke models with preexisting comorbidities by limiting cerebral thrombosis and inflammation.
Relationship Between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Incident Heart Failure Among Older Women: The WHI
Authors: Wu Wen‐Chih , Huang Mengna , Taveira Tracey H. , Roberts Mary B. , Martin Lisa W. , Wellenius Gregory A. , Johnson Karen C. , Manson JoAnn E. , Liu Simin , Eaton Charles B. 
Published: March 2020

Background

Women represent a large proportion of the growing heart failure (
HF
) epidemic, yet data are lacking regarding optimal dietary and lifestyle prevention strategies for them. Specifically, the association between magnesium intake and
HF
in a multiracial cohort of women is uncertain.

Methods and Results

We included 97 725 postmenopausal women from the WHI (Women's Health Initiative) observational studies and placebo arms of the hormone trial. Magnesium intake was measured at baseline by a 122‐item validated food‐frequency questionnaire and stratified into quartiles based on diet only, total intake (diet with supplements), and residual intake (calibration by total energy). Incident hospitalized
HF
(2153 events, median follow‐up 8.1 years) was adjudicated by medical record abstraction. In Cox proportional hazards models, we evaluated the association between magnesium intake and
HF
adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were repeated on a subcohort (n=18 745; median‐follow‐up, 13.2 years) for whom
HF
cases were subclassified into preserved ejection fraction (526 events), reduced ejection fraction (291 events) or unknown (168 events). Most women were white (85%) with a mean age of 63. Compared with the highest quartile of magnesium intake, women in the lowest quartile had an increased risk of incident
HF
, with adjusted hazard ratios of 1.32 (95%
CI
, 1.02–1.71) for diet only (
P
trend=0.03), 1.26 (95%
CI
, 1.03–1.56) for total intake, and 1.31 (95%
CI
, 1.02–1.67) for residual intake. Results did not significantly vary by race. Subcohort analyses showed low residual magnesium intake was associated with HF with reduced ejection fraction (hazard ratio, 1.81, lowest versus highest quartile; 95%
CI
, 1.08–3.05) but not HF with preserved ejection fraction.

Conclusions

Low magnesium intake in a multiracial cohort of postmenopausal women was associated with a higher risk of incident
HF
, especially HF with reduced ejection fraction.
Collagen Turnover in Relation to Risk Factors and Hemodynamics in Human Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Hackenberg Katharina A.M. , Rajabzadeh-Oghaz Hamidreza , Dreier Rita , Buchholz Bruce A. , Navid Ali , Rocke David M. , Abdulazim Amr , Hänggi Daniel , Siddiqui Adnan , Macdonald R. Loch , Meng Hui , Etminan Nima 
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose—

Determinants for molecular and structural instability, that is, impending growth or rupture, of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) remain uncertain. To elucidate this, we endeavored to estimate the actual turnover rates of the main molecular constituent in human IA (collagen) on the basis of radiocarbon (
14
C) birth dating in relation to IA hemodynamics.

Methods—

Collagen turnover rates in excised human IA samples were calculated using mathematical modeling of
14
C birth dating data of collagen in relation to risk factors and histological markers for collagen maturity/turnover in selected IA. Hemodynamics were simulated using image-based computational fluid dynamics. Correlation, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed.

Results—
Collagen turnover rates were estimated in 46 IA (43 patients); computational fluid dynamics could be performed in 20 IA (20 patients). The mean collagen turnover rate (γ) constituted 126% (±1% error) per year. For patients with arterial hypertension, γ was greater than 2600% annually, whereas γ was distinctly lower with 32% (±1% error) per year for patients without risk factors, such as smoking and hypertension. There was a distinct association between histological presence of rather immature collagen in human IA and the presence of modifiable risk factors. Spatial-temporal averaged wall shear stress predicted rapid collagen turnover (odds ratio, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.0–2.7]). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated a good test accuracy (area under the curve, 0.798 [95% CI, 0.598–0.998]) for average wall shear stress with a threshold ≥4.9 Pa for rapid collagen turnover.

Conclusions—
Our data indicate that turnover rates and stability of collagen in human IA are strongly associated with the presence of modifiable risk factors and aneurysmal hemodynamics. These findings underline the importance of strict risk factor modification in patients with unruptured IA. Future should include more detailed risk factor data to establish a more causal understanding of hemodynamics and the rupture risk of individual IA.
A Concubine’s Rape, an Apostle’s Flight, and a Nation’s Reconciliation
Authors: Hays Christopher M. , Acosta Milton 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article applies collective trauma theory to biblical interpretation in order to respond to a 21st-century humanitarian crisis. Utilizing recent advances in social-scientific theory, the article examines how the books of Judges and the Acts of the Apostles can function in distinct and complementary fashions as “collective trauma narratives.” Judges 19-21 is interpreted as narrating the Levite’s “polarizing” trauma narrative and subverting it with a reconciling narrative. Acts 6-8 and 12 are also examined as trauma narratives speaking to the loss of early Christian leaders, promoting a vision of forgiveness and hope of divine justice.	 The article applies trauma theory to biblical interpretation for the purpose of addressing the armed conflict in Colombia. We propose that the theological visions of the trauma narratives of Judges and Acts (regarding forgiveness, resistance, flight, and reconciliation) are poignant for Colombian religious communities seeking peace and healing in the wake of violence and displacement.
Service use and recovery among currently and formerly homeless adults with mental illness
Authors: Kerman Nick , Sylvestre John 
Published: March 2020

Background: A range of health and social services exist to address the many life adversities experienced by people with mental illness. However, the effects of services on their recovery in the context of ongoing homelessness and poverty have been minimally examined. Aims: This qualitative study sought to better understand the role of health and social services in the recovery processes of people with mental illness and histories of homelessness. Similarities and differences in the perceived impacts of services on recovery between currently and formerly homeless participants were also explored. Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with 52 currently and formerly homeless people with mental illness. Informed by a recovery framework, qualitative data were analyzed using two cycles of coding. Results: Services were perceived to affect recovery by (1) finding ways to cope and get by, (2) feeling less alone, (3) giving back, (4) being dehumanized or seen as someone and (5) encountering restrictions when getting help. Experiences of discrimination, fewer opportunities to give back and limited service options were heightened among participants experiencing homelessness compared to the housed group. Conclusion: Health and social services can promote and hinder recovery among currently and formerly homeless people with mental illness. Despite several differences between the two groups, the relationship between recovery and service use was similar for currently and formerly homeless participants, suggesting that both groups access services to address needs related to social connection, health and functioning and meaningful activities.
Effect of Round Window Opening Size on Residual Hearing Preservation in Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Gotamco Giselle L. , Sun Chuan‐Hung , Chou Yi‐Fan , Hsu Chuan‐Jen , Wu Hung‐Pin 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesThis study aims to compare the hearing preservation outcomes in cochlear implant surgery following slit versus full opening of the round window membrane.SettingTertiary referral center.Study DesignComparative study.Subjects and MethodsSeventy patients (mean, 26.3 years; range, 2‐69 years) who underwent cochlear implantation via the round window approach were included in the study. Thirty‐five subjects were prospectively enrolled for cochlear implantation via the open round window technique between August 2018 and January 2019. Thirty‐five patients who underwent cochlear implantation from January 2017 to July 2018 via the slit round window opening, frequency matched by sex and age, were retrospectively enrolled. Pre‐ and postoperative thresholds were obtained. The percentage of hearing preservation was computed with the HEARRING Network formula and classified into complete, partial, and minimal hearing preservation. The results between the groups were compared and analyzed at 6 months postoperatively.ResultsThe rate of complete hearing preservation in the open group was statistically significant (P =. 030) at 71.4% (n = 25) as compared with 45.7% (n = 16) in the slit group.ConclusionsThe widely opened round window may be an optional technique that surgeons can utilize to improve hearing preservation outcomes.
Effectiveness of acupuncture vs. core stability training in balance and functional capacity of women with fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Garrido-Ardila Elisa María , González-López-Arza María Victoria , Jiménez-Palomares Maria , García-Nogales Agustín , Rodríguez-Mansilla Juan 
Published: March 2020

Objective: This study investigated the effectiveness of a core stability training physiotherapy programme vs. acupuncture for the management of balance and functional capacity impairments of women with Fibromyalgia. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatients setting. Subjects: Women with Fibromyalgia and balance impairment. Interventions: Participants were randomized to a core stability physiotherapy programme group ( n = 45), acupuncture treatment group ( n = 45) and control group ( n = 45) for 13 weeks. Main Measures: Measures were taken at baseline (week 0), postintervention (week 6) and follow-up (week 13). The primary outcome measures were static balance (posturography) and dynamic balance and functional mobility (Berg Balance Scale, timed up and go test and 10-m walk). The secondary outcome measure was functional capacity (Fibromyalgia Health Assessment Questionnaire and the physical function item from the Spanish Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire). Results: In all, 103 participants completed the study. The results showed statistically significant improvements in the acupuncture and physiotherapy groups vs. the control group at week 6 regarding Berg Balance Scale ( P = 0.00, both groups), timed up and go test ( P = 0.00 and P = 0.01, respectively) and 10-m walk test at comfortable speed ( P = 0.02 and P = 0.03, respectively). The 10-m walk test at maximum speed showed significance when comparing the physiotherapy and control group ( P = 0.03). However, no significant differences were found between the physiotherapy and the acupuncture groups. In relation to functional capacity, the improvements achieved after the treatments were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Core stability-based physiotherapy and acupuncture improve dynamic balance and postural control in women with Fibromyalgia.
Genicular Artery Embolization for Recurrent Hemarthrosis of the Knee Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Single Centre Experience
Authors: Power Stephen P. , Cairns Brooke , Prabhudesai Vikramaditya , Marcuzzi Dan , Waddell James P. , Vincent George , Common Andrew A. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: To retrospectively review the safety and efficacy of genicular artery embolization procedures performed at our institution in patients presenting with recurrent knee hemarthrosis following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Materials and Methods: A total of 13 consecutive patients (average age: 68; range 51-84, 62% female) were identified who underwent 14 genicular artery embolization procedures after presenting with recurrent hemarthrosis after TKA. Patient charts were retrospectively reviewed for demographic information, pre-embolization investigations, and details of embolization procedure including complications, technical success, and clinical success. Each patient had failed initial conservative therapy and all patients had a diagnostic aspiration performed by the referring physician prior to the procedure. The average time between TKA and embolization in our cohort was 21 months. Results: All procedures performed were technically successful, defined as elimination of periprosthetic hypervascular blush. An average of 3.6 genicular vessels were embolized in each patient; 355 to 500 µm polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles were used in each case. There were no cases of transient cutaneous ischemia, skin erythema, or skin necrosis. Clinical success was obtained in 85.7% of cases, defined by elimination of the presenting clinical symptoms (knee pain and swelling) during continued follow-up by the referring clinician. Conclusion: Particle embolization is a safe and effective treatment for recurrent hemarthrosis after arthroplasty and our experience suggests that utilizing particle sizes of greater than 300 µm appears to be important in order to avoid cutaneous ischemic complications.
Descriptive Overview of Primary Cleft Palate Surgeries in the Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Min Jung Gi , Khosla Rohit K. , Curtin Catherine 
Published: March 2020

Objective: To increase access to high-quality and multiregional databases in global epidemiology of cleft surgeries through partnership with an NGO. Design: The study retrospectively analyzes 34 801 primary palate surgeries in 70+ countries from the 2016 electronic health records of an non-governmental organization (NGO). The study also utilizes the Kids’ Inpatient Database to compare the epidemiology of primary cleft palate surgeries in the United States. Participants: Patient records of those undergoing primary cleft palate surgeries only. Main Outcome Measures: Region, age, sex, type of cleft, laterality of cleft. Results: Key findings show that average age of those receiving primary cleft palate surgery in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) was 1.95 years. The distribution of males and females receiving surgery corresponds to the US national data. More hard cleft palates were on the left side (66.18%) than the right side (33.82%), independent of gender and region. Conclusions: Databases from an established NGO can be used to enhance our understanding of the disease characteristics in these regions. By increasing the information available regarding cleft surgeries in the LMIC, we hope to increase awareness of the similarities and differences in surgeries across various regions, as part of an effort to inform the goals set by Global Surgery 2030 initiative by the Lancet Commission.
Activation of CREB Protein With Tabersonine Attenuates STAT3 During Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice
Authors: Shi Sen , Song Li , Liu Yong , He Yanzheng 
Published: March 2020

Objective: Atherosclerosis is a pathological condition of fat deposition in the arteries, which causes cardiovascular disorders. Management of atherosclerosis remains a challenge and conventional drugs used for its management have several limitations. This study evaluated the protective effect of tabersonine against atherosclerosis and assessed its molecular mechanism of action. Methods: Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice a high-fat diet. Mice were treated with 20 or 40 mg/kg of tabersonine intraperitoneally for the 12-week duration of the study. Atherosclerosis markers and nitric oxide were measured in the sera of ApoE-deficient mice. Mediators of inflammation and markers of oxidative stress were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry analyses were conducted to determine the protein expression in aortic tissue. Results: The tabersonine-treatment groups had an improved lipid profile and enhanced liver function, compared to the ApoE treatment group. Tabersonine treatment resulted in reduced levels of nitric oxide, cytokines, and oxidative stress, compared to the ApoE group. The altered expression levels of protein inhibitor activated STAT-3 (PIAS3), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3), and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (IkBα) in ApoE-deficient mice were ameliorated by tabersonine treatment. Moreover, cAMP-response-element-binding (CREB) expression was elevated in aortic tissue of tabersonine treatment groups, compared to the ApoE group. Conclusion: These results suggested that tabersonine ameliorates the expression of STAT-3 by activating CREB protein in atherosclerotic ApoE-deficient mice.
RUNX1-mutated families show phenotype heterogeneity and a somatic mutation profile unique to germline predisposed AML
Authors: Brown Anna L. , Arts Peer , Carmichael Catherine L. , Babic Milena , Dobbins Julia , Chong Chan-Eng , Schreiber Andreas W. , Feng Jinghua , Phillips Kerry , Wang Paul P. S. , Ha Thuong , Homan Claire C. , King-Smith Sarah L. , Rawlings Lesley , Vakulin Cassandra , Dubowsky Andrew , Burdett Jessica , Moore Sarah , McKavanagh Grace , Henry Denae , Wells Amanda , Mercorella Belinda , Nicola Mario , Suttle Jeffrey , Wilkins Ella , Li Xiao-Chun , Michaud Joelle , Brautigan Peter , Cannon Ping , Altree Meryl , Jaensch Louise , Fine Miriam , Butcher Carolyn , D’Andrea Richard J. , Lewis Ian D. , Hiwase Devendra K. , Papaemmanuil Elli , Horwitz Marshall S. , Natsoulis Georges , Rienhoff Hugh Y. , Patton Nigel , Mapp Sally , Susman Rachel , Morgan Susan , Cooney Julian , Currie Mark , Popat Uday , Bochtler Tilmann , Izraeli Shai , Bradstock Kenneth , Godley Lucy A. , Krämer Alwin , Fröhling Stefan , Wei Andrew H. , Forsyth Cecily , Mar Fan Helen , Poplawski Nicola K. , Hahn Christopher N. , Scott Hamish S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
First reported in 1999, germline runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mutations are a well-established cause of familial platelet disorder with predisposition to myeloid malignancy (FPD-MM). We present the clinical phenotypes and genetic mutations detected in 10 novel RUNX1-mutated FPD-MM families. Genomic analyses on these families detected 2 partial gene deletions, 3 novel mutations, and 5 recurrent mutations as the germline RUNX1 alterations leading to FPD-MM. Combining genomic data from the families reported herein with aggregated published data sets resulted in 130 germline RUNX1 families, which allowed us to investigate whether specific germline mutation characteristics (type, location) could explain the large phenotypic heterogeneity between patients with familial platelet disorder and different HMs. Comparing the somatic mutational signatures between the available familial (n = 35) and published sporadic (n = 137) RUNX1-mutated AML patients showed enrichment for somatic mutations affecting the second RUNX1 allele and GATA2. Conversely, we observed a decreased number of somatic mutations affecting NRAS, SRSF2, and DNMT3A and the collective genes associated with CHIP and epigenetic regulation. This is the largest aggregation and analysis of germline RUNX1 mutations performed to date, providing a unique opportunity to examine the factors underlying phenotypic differences and disease progression from FPD to MM.
Transaldolase in Bacillus methanolicus: biochemical characterization and biological role in ribulose monophosphate cycle
Authors: Pfeifenschneider Johannes , Markert Benno , Stolzenberger Jessica , Brautaset Trygve , Wendisch Volker F. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The Gram-positive facultative methylotrophic bacterium Bacillus methanolicus uses the sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) variant of the ribulose monophosphate (RuMP) cycle for growth on the C1 carbon source methanol. Previous genome sequencing of the physiologically different B. methanolicus wild-type strains MGA3 and PB1 has unraveled all putative RuMP cycle genes and later, several of the RuMP cycle enzymes of MGA3 have been biochemically characterized. In this study, the focus was on the characterization of the transaldolase (Ta) and its possible role in the RuMP cycle in B. methanolicus.

Results
The Ta genes of B. methanolicus MGA3 and PB1 were recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, and the gene products were purified and characterized. The PB1 Ta protein was found to be active as a homodimer with a molecular weight of 54 kDa and displayed KM of 0.74 mM and Vmax of 16.3 U/mg using Fructose-6 phosphate as the substrate. In contrast, the MGA3 Ta gene, which encodes a truncated Ta protein lacking 80 amino acids at the N-terminus, showed no Ta activity. Seven different mutant genes expressing various full-length MGA3 Ta proteins were constructed and all gene products displayed Ta activities. Moreover, MGA3 cells displayed Ta activities similar as PB1 cells in crude extracts.

Conclusions
While it is well established that B. methanolicus can use the SBPase variant of the RuMP cycle this study indicates that B. methanolicus possesses Ta activity and may also operate the Ta variant of the RuMP.