bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking frequency of rainstorms, runoff generation and sediment transport across hyperarid talus‐pediment slopes
Authors: Shmilovitz Yuval , Morin Efrat , Rinat Yair , Haviv Itai , Carmi Genadi , Mushkin Amit , Enzel Yehouda 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDocumenting hillslope response to hydroclimatic forcing is crucial to our understanding of landscape evolution. The evolution of talus‐pediment sequences (talus flatirons) in arid areas was often linked to climatic cycles, although the physical processes that may account for such a link remain obscure. Our approach is to integrate field measurements, remote sensing of rainfall and modeling to link between storm frequency, runoff, erosion and sediment transport. We present a quantitative hydrometeorological analysis of rainstorms, their geomorphic impact and their potential role in the evolution of hyperarid talus‐pediment slopes in the Negev desert, Israel. Rainstorm properties were defined based on intensity–duration–frequency curves and using a rainfall simulator, artificial rainstorms were executed in the field. Then, the obtained measured experimental results were up‐scaled to the entire slope length using a fully distributed hydrological model. In addition, natural storms and their hydro‐geomorphic impacts were monitored using X‐band radar and time‐lapse cameras. These integrated analyses constrain the rainfall threshold for local runoff generation at rain intensity of 14 to 22 mm h‐1 for a duration of five minutes and provide a high‐resolution characterization of small‐scale runoff‐generating rain cells. The current frequency of such runoff‐producing rainstorms is ~1–3 per year. However, extending this local value into the full extent of hillslope runoff indicates that it occurs only under rainstorms with ≥ 100‐years return interval, or 1% annual exceedance probability. Sheetwash efficiency rises with downslope distance; beyond a threshold distance of ~100 m, runoff during rainstorms with such annual exceedance probability are capable of transporting surface clasts. The erosion efficiency of these discrete rare events highlights their potential importance in shaping the landscape of arid regions. Our results support the hypothesis that a shift in the properties and frequency of extreme events can trigger significant geomorphic transitions in areas that remained hyperarid during the entire Quaternary. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of curcumin on the quality properties of millet fresh noodle and its inhibitory mechanism against the isolated spoilage bacteria
Authors: Wang Ziyuan , Jia Yating , Zhang Min 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFresh noodle product has attracted increasing attention due to its nutritive value and convenience. However, the relative short shelf life of fresh noodle is still a concern that needs to resolve. The objective of this study was to evaluate the preservative effect of curcumin (CUR) on millet fresh noodle during storage and its inhibitory mechanism against two isolated spoilage bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli). The effects of CUR were evaluated with regard to the quality and sensory evaluation of millet fresh noodle, the changes of bacterial growth curve, cell intracellular substances, cell viability, and bacterial morphology. The results showed that CUR could decrease the total colony number and prolong the shelf life of millet fresh noodle stored at 25°C from 20 to 30 hr. Quality and sensory evaluations showed that addition of CUR caused no negative effect on noodle quality and was determined to be sensory acceptable. The minimum inhibitory concentration of CUR against B. cereus and E. coli was 0.125 and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. The growth curve revealed that CUR presented good antibacterial effect against both bacteria. The leakage of intracellular substances, cell viability, and bacterial morphology change after CUR treatment confirmed the destructive effects of CUR on plasma membrane integrity. These results indicated that CUR had the potential to be applied as a natural preservative for controlling the growth of spoilage microorganisms and extending the shelf life of millet fresh noodle.
A heuristic information cluster search approach for precise functional brain mapping
Authors: Asadi Nima , Wang Yin , Olson Ingrid , Obradovic Zoran 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDetection of the relevant brain regions for characterizing the distinction between cognitive conditions is one of the most sought after objectives in neuroimaging research. A popular approach for achieving this goal is the multivariate pattern analysis which is currently conducted through a number of approaches such as the popular searchlight procedure. This is due to several advantages such as being automatic and flexible with regards to size of the search region. However, these approaches suffer from a number of limitations which can lead to misidentification of truly informative regions which in turn results in imprecise information maps. These limitations mainly stem from several factors such as the fact that the information value of the search spheres are assigned to the voxel at the center of them (in case of searchlight), the requirement for manual tuning of parameters such as searchlight radius and shape, and high complexity and low interpretability in commonly used machine learning‐based approaches. Other drawbacks include overlooking the structure and interactions within the regions, and the disadvantages of using certain regularization techniques in analysis of datasets with characteristics of common functional magnetic resonance imaging data. In this article, we propose a fully data‐driven maximum relevance minimum redundancy search algorithm for detecting precise information value of the clusters within brain regions while alleviating the above‐mentioned limitations. Moreover, in order to make the proposed method faster, we propose an efficient algorithmic implementation. We evaluate and compare the proposed algorithm with the searchlight procedure as well as least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regularization‐based mapping approach using both real and synthetic datasets. The analysis results of the proposed approach demonstrate higher information detection precision and map specificity compared to the benchmark approaches.
Do financial incentives matter? Effects of Medicare price shocks on skilled nursing facility care
Authors: He Daifeng , McHenry Peter , Mellor Jennifer M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSkilled nursing facility (SNF) spending has been one of the fastest growing categories of Medicare spending over the past few decades, and reductions in SNF payments are often recommended as part of Medicare cost containment efforts. Using a quasi‐experiment resulting from a policy‐driven and facility‐specific Medicare payment change, we provide new evidence on how Medicare payment changes affect the amount of SNF care provided to Medicare patients. Specifically, we examine a one‐time, plausibly exogenous change in the hospital wage index, an area‐level adjustment to SNF payments that affected the majority of SNFs nationwide. Using a panel dataset of SNFs, we model the effects of these payment changes on more than 12,000 SNFs across the United States. We find that increases in Medicare payment rates to SNFs increased the total number of Medicare resident days at SNFs. Specifically, a 5% payment increase raised Medicare resident days by 2.33% at facilities with a 10% Medicare share relative to 0%. Further, the effects were asymmetric: Although Medicare payment increases affected Medicare days, payment decreases did not. Our results have important implications for policies that alter the Medicare base payment rates to SNFs and other health care providers.
The MOF/GO‐based derivatives with Co@CoO core‐shell structure supported on the N‐doped graphene as electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Wu Guangping , Nie Yao , Zhang Dongsheng , Zhang Chao , Guo Jing , Zhang Dongming , Qi Guisheng , Jiao Weizhou , Yuan Zhiguo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe development of nonprecious catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is important for the commercialization of the alkaline fuel cells (AFCs). Herein, we prepared a kind of Co‐based nanoparticles (NPs) with a core‐shell (Co@CoO) structure supported on the N‐doped graphene (Co@CoO/NG) as an efficient ORR catalyst via simply pyrolyzing the ZIF‐67 anchored on the synthesized graphene oxide (GO). The catalytic activity for ORR of the obtained Co@CoO/NG is comparable with the state‐of‐art Pt/C catalyst in terms of the onset and half‐wave potential in the alkaline solution. In addition, the Co@CoO/NG exhibited an excellent ORR durability and antimethanol activity compared to the commercial Pt/C. This research would provide a simple strategy to prepare the high‐performance nonprecious metal‐based catalysts for AFCs.
Evaluation of pharmacokinetics and safety with bioequivalence of Amlodipine in healthy Chinese volunteers: Bioequivalence Study Findings
Authors: Wang Tongtong , Wang Yannan , Lin Sisi , Fang Lu , Lou Sai , Zhao Di , Zhu Jingjing , Yang Qigang , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAmlodipine, a main series of L‐type calcium channel blockers (CCBs), exerts potent antihypertensive effects. The aim of this trial was to explore the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety with bioequivalence of orally administered Amlodipine provided by two sponsors in healthy volunteers (HVs).MethodsTwo separate randomized, open‐label, single‐dose, crossover‐design studies were conducted: a fasting study (n = 24) and a fed study (n = 24). In each study, HVs were randomized to Fangming Pharmaceutical Group (Test, T) followed by NORVASC® (Reference, R), or vice versa. Each study subject received a 5‐mg Amlodipine tablet with a 15‐day washout. The plasma concentrations of Amlodipine were measured using a LC‐MS/MS method, and PK parameters were determined by noncompartmental model.ResultsForty‐eight healthy volunteers were enrolled. And overall demographics were as follows: the fasting study: female (n = 16/24), age (18‐54 years), weight (47‐76 kg), and BMI (19.5‐26.0). The fed study: female (n = 16/24), age (20‐49 years), weight (45.5‐69 kg), and BMI (19.1‐25.0). All PK endpoints met the pre‐specific criteria for PK equivalence. In fasting subjects, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 3.881 ± 0.982 ng/mL at 6 hours (median) of sponsor T, and 4.042 ± 1.147 ng/mL at 6 hours (median) of sponsor R. In fed subjects, Cmax was 3.312 ± 0.789 ng/mL at 6 hours (median) of sponsor T, and 3.392 ± 0.902 ng/mL at 5 hours (median) of sponsor R. Both fasting and fed studies achieved a plausible bioequivalence.ConclusionsAmlodipine is well tolerated and have a favorable safety profile. The observed adverse events were mild (the severity was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [version CTCAE4.03]) and all of them were recovered without severe sequences. And the bioequivalence is achieved under fasting and fed conditions, supporting the demonstration of biosimilarity.
Eliciting information and cues to deception using a model statement: Examining the effect of presentation modality
Authors: Porter Cody Normitta , Salvanelli Giacomo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractForensic interviewing involves gathering information from a suspect or eyewitness. Administering a model statement during an interview results in greater information elicitation, which can enhance lie detection. Typically, a model statement is a highly detailed statement, on an unrelated topic to that of the interview. This study examined the effect of manipulating the modality of the MS, either by allowing participants to listen to (Audio‐MS), or read (Written‐MS) a model statement. A total of 162 (81 truth tellers, 81 liars) participants were randomly allocated to one of three interviewing conditions where they received either the Audio‐MS, Written‐MS, or No‐MS (control condition). Truth tellers honestly reported a “spy” mission, whereas liars performed a covert mission and lied about their activities. Results showed both model statements were equally more effective at eliciting information and facilitating lie detection, compared with a control condition. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Dissociation and microsolvation of bisulfate anion
Authors: Ashraf Hamad , Hua Cheng , Zhang Yun‐Hong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBisulfate anion has vast applications in industrial and environmental chemistry. Its dissociation to sulfate anion has been studied computationally and by size‐selected clusters. In this study, Micro‐Raman spectroscopy is applied at different relative humidity (RH)% on small droplets of aqueous solutions of NaHSO4, NH4HSO4, and H2SO4 to explore the dissociation of HSO4‐ experimentally in bulk and supersaturated state. Our cumulative experimental results support the conclusion obtained from gas‐phase cluster study that HSO4‐ starts dissociating at very low number of water molecules (H2O ~ 1). However, dissociation of HSO4‐ is found dependent on the cation attached with this weak acid. The magnitude of dissociation is found as NH4HSO4 ≈ H2SO4 > NaHSO4. In addition, studying the hydration process of HSO4− in the presence of three different cations enabled us to observe various species in three systems. Theoretical values obtained from extended aerosol inorganic model supports the experimental results.
Can the ACS‐NSQIP surgical risk calculator predict postoperative complications in patients undergoing sacral tumor resection for chordoma?
Authors: Houdek Matthew T. , Hevesi Mario , Griffin Anthony M. , Yaszemski Michael J. , Sim Franklin H. , Ferguson Peter C. , Rose Peter S. , Wunder Jay S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe ACS‐NSQIP surgical risk calculator is an online tool that estimates the risk of postoperative complications. Sacrectomies for chordoma are associated with a high rate of complications. This study was to determine if the ACS‐NSQIP calculator can predict postoperative complications following sacrectomy.MethodsSixty‐five (42 male, 23 female) patients who underwent sacrectomy were analyzed using the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes: 49215 (excision of presacral/sacral tumor), 63001 (laminectomy of sacral vertebrae), 63728 (laminectomy for biopsy/excision of sacral neoplasm) and 63307 (sacral vertebral corpectomy for intraspinal lesion). The predicted rates of complications were compared to the observed rates.ResultsComplications were noted in 44 (68%) patients. Of the risk factors available to input to the ACS‐NSQIP calculator, tobacco use (OR, 20.4; P < .001) was predictive of complications. The predicted risk of complications based off the CPT codes were: 49215 (16%); 63011 (6%); 63278 (11%) and 63307 (15%). Based on ROC curves, the use of the ACS‐NSQIP score were poor predictors of complications (49215, AUC 0.65); (63011, AUC 0.66); (63307, AUC 0.67); (63278, AUC 0.64).ConclusionThe ACS‐NSQIP calculator was a poor predictor of complications and was marginally better than a coin flip in its ability to predict complications following sacrectomy for chordoma.
Metabolomics study of different parts of licorice from different geographical origins and their anti‐inflammatory activities
Authors: Bai Haiying , Bao Fang , Fan Xiaorui , Han Shu , Zheng Wenhui , Sun Lili , Yan Na , Du Hong , Zhao Haiyu , Yang Zhigang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGlycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., known as licorice, is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines. In this study, we perform a metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to assign bioactive components in different parts of licorice from different geographical origins in Gansu province of China. Sixteen potential biomarkers of taproots from different geographical origins were annotated, such as glycycoumarin, gancaonin Z, licoricone, and dihydroxy kanzonol H mainly exist in the sample of Jiuquan; neoliquiritin, 6′‐acetylliquiritin, licochalcone B, isolicoflavonol, glycyrol, and methylated uralenin mainly exist in Glycyrrhiza uralensis from Lanzhou; gancaonin L, uralenin, and glycybridin I mainly exist in licorice from Wuwei for the first time.
Method of Lateral Osteotomy to Reduce Eyelid Edema and Ecchymosis After Rhinoplasty: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Ji‐sun , Kim Sun Hong , Hwang Se Hwan 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesAlthough lateral osteotomy is an important part of rhinoplasty, it is known to be closely associated with postoperative eyelid edema and ecchymosis after rhinoplasty. There is no consensus on which osteotomy methods are effective in reducing morbidity from rhinoplasty. This study compared the effects of different osteotomy methods on edema and ecchymosis after lateral osteotomy using a meta‐analysis.Study DesignA literature search using MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane databases.MethodsTwo authors independently reviewed the databases published until May 2019. Randomized controlled trials that compared lateral osteotomy methods (external approach) with different methods (internal approach), for which the outcomes of interest were mucosal injury, edema, and ecchymosis on postoperative days, were included. Sufficient data for meta‐analysis was found in six studies with a total of 224 patients.ResultsIn a comparison of the external approach with the internal approach, mucosal injury was significantly lower in the external approach (odds ratio = 0.41; 95% confidence interval = [0.11; 0.99], I2 = 29%). There were significant differences between the external and internal approach in eyelid ecchymosis and edema, except for eyelid ecchymosis at 7 days postoperatively. However, all significant results showed a small effect size with a standardized mean difference near 0.2.ConclusionsThe external approach during lateral osteotomy had no significant advantage in edema and ecchymosis compared to the internal approach. Further studies with good research methodology should be carried out to determine the effect on the postoperative complications of different lateral osteotomy methods. Laryngoscope, 131:54–58, 2021
Role of Autoimmunity in Patients Transplanted for Acute Liver Failure of Unknown Origin: A Clinical and Graft Biopsy Analysis
Authors: Liukkonen Ville , Nordin Arno , Arola Johanna , Färkkilä Martti , Åberg Fredrik 
Published: February 2020

The etiology and prognosis of acute liver failure (ALF) remains unknown in a significant proportion of cases. Signs of autoimmunity may be present, but no consistent pattern has been observed. We aimed to analyze if pretransplant immunological findings, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes, and clinical features among patients with an unknown etiology differ from those of autoimmune or other known etiologies. We also analyzed whether such signs impact posttransplant biopsy findings or complications. All adult ALF patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) in Finland during 1987‐2015 were followed to 2016. Data were collected from the LT registry, pathology database, and patient records. A total of 124 patients were included in the analysis. Study subgroups were acute autoimmune hepatitis (AIH; n = 25), known non‐AIH etiology (n = 54), and unknown etiology (n = 45). The unknown etiology group differed from the known non‐AIH group with regard to the following pretransplant autoimmunity‐associated features: positive perinuclear anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (36% versus 8%; P = 0.02) and higher mean immunoglobulin A (IgA; 3.2 ± 1.7 versus 2.1 ± 1.4, P = 0.006) and immunoglobulin G (IgG; 12.7 ± 4.3 versus 8.5 ± 3.6, P = 0.001). AIH‐associated HLA haplotypes B8, DR3, and B8DR3 were more common in the AIH group (40%, 44%, and 36%, respectively) and in the unknown group (29%, 33%, and 29%, respectively) than in the known non‐AIH group (11%, 17%, and 11%, respectively) or in the Finnish general population (17%, 18%, and 8%, respectively). However, these findings had no association with protocol biopsies, extrahepatic autoimmune diseases, or survival. Patients with ≥ 1 rejection episode had higher pretransplant IgA (3.7 ± 2.3 versus 2.6 ± 1.2; P = 0.02) and IgG (16.4 ± 10.2 versus 12.4 ± 6.8; P = 0.03) than those without rejections. Autoimmunity‐associated pretransplant laboratory findings and HLA haplotypes were common in ALF of unknown etiology, but they showed minimal predictive value for posttransplant biopsy findings, clinical complications, or survival.
Neuropathological Findings in Parkinson's Disease With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Knox Molly G. , Adler Charles H. , Shill Holly A. , Driver‐Dunckley Erika , Mehta Shyamal A. , Belden Christine , Zamrini Edward , Serrano Geidy , Sabbagh Marwan N. , Caviness John N. , Sue Lucia I. , Davis Kathryn J. , Dugger Brittany N. , Beach Thomas G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThere are few neuropathological studies on Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD‐MCI). Those published reveal coexisting Lewy body and Alzheimer's disease pathology. Our objective is to determine the pathology that underlies PD‐MCI.MethodsWe used data from the Arizona Study of Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders, a longitudinal clinicopathological study. Of 736 autopsied subjects with standardized movement and cognitive assessments, 25 had PD‐MCI. Neuropathological findings, including Lewy body and Alzheimer's disease pathology, were compared in PD subjects with amnestic MCI (A‐MCI) and nonamnestic MCI (NA‐MCI).ResultsSignificant pathological heterogeneity within PD‐MCI was found. This included varying Lewy body stages, Alzheimer's disease pathology, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. There was a significant increase in the severity of Lewy body pathology (meeting The Unified Staging System for Lewy Body disorders neocortical stage) in nonamnestic MCI (7/1, 63%) when compared with amnestic MCI (3/14, 21%, P = 0.032).ConclusionAlthough a small study, distinct pathological changes may contribute to PD‐MCI phenotype. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Compact four‐pole wideband bandpass filter with mixed electric and magnetic coupling
Authors: Guan Xuehui , Xie Shuhai , Ren Baoping , Li Xiuping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA wideband bandpass filter (BPF) based on two dual‐mode stub‐loaded stepped‐impedance resonators (SLSIRs) with mixed electric and magnetic coupling (MEMC) is proposed. Magnetic coupling is realized by using a transmission line, open end‐coupling and inter‐digital‐coupling provide a weak and a strong electric coupling, respectively. Due to the canceling effect of MEMCs, together with its harmonic effect, four transmission zeros (TZs) aside the passband are created and the selectivity of the filter is therefore highly improved. To verify the proposed design, a four‐pole wideband BPF operating at 3.35 GHz with 3 dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 32.96% is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured minimum insertion loss is 0.95 dB, and the passband return loss is better than 11 dB.