bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic matter stock at suboptimal soils under forest and corn cultivation in wet tropical region
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Y , Saidi A , Pratiwi Z H , Haris ZA 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The primary constraint of suboptimal soils under wet tropical regions, besides their low pH, is their low soil organic matter (SOM) content. This research was aimed to determine SOM stock of suboptimal soil orders (Ultisol, Oxisol, and Inceptisol) under corn (Zea mays) cultivation. This research was conducted using survey method, and soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm soil depth from each soil order under two types of land use (LU), corn cultivation and forest, in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The soil samples were analyzed at the soil laboratory at Andalas University, Padang. Parameters analyzed were soil bulk density (BD), texture, SOC, total-N. Data resulted showed that the soil texture from the three soil orders was classified as clay loam to clay, with the sand size particle was Inceptisol >Oxisol>Ultisol. Then, soil BD was categorized as medium. The highest SOM stock was at Oxisol under forest LU, then Ultisol and Inceptisol. Generally, SOM stock under forest was higher than under corn LU except at Ultisol, which the SOM stock was comparable. SOM stock under corn cultivation reached 43.7%, 87.7%, and 102.8% of that under forest, respectively, for Inceptisol, Oxisol, and Ultisol. Approximately 52-89% of the SOM was in the form of particulate organic matter (POM). The percentage of POM was generally higher under corn cultivation than that under forest LU. Stock soil total-N under corn cultivation compared to under forest was 37.7%, 68.7%, and 90.9% for Inceptisol, Oxisol, and Ultisol, respectively. The C/N ratio value of the SOM was considered medium.
Financial feasibility study of smallholder oil palm in Muaro Jambi District, Jambi
Authors: Edison E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Research objectives were to explain smallholder oil palm production expenditure, to explain annual rate of their profit, to explain feasibility smallholder oil palm farming financially in Muaro Jambi District, Jambi. Study was conducted in in 2017. 86 samples were selected by sampling method purposively. Primary and secondary data was needed in this research. Research operated the calculation of TC = FC + VC to explain first objective. While I = TR − TC method was operated to explain second objective. In order to analyze last objective, some methods were operated. Research found that rate of its expenditure was in average level. Its cost included operation cost, labor cost and other cost. Rate of its profit each hectare was IDR 19.118.532.-while its rate per household was IDR 25.412.602.-Therefore, it can be said that smallholder oil palm farming was feasible.
Botanical insecticide nanoemulsion of Piper Aduncum extract to control Cabbage Head Cartepillar Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Lina EC , Erlina LH , Syahrawati My , Djamaan A , Arneti A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Botanical insecticide nanoemulsion is an insecticide with a transparent emulsion system, and it is an oil and water dispersion stabilized by a surfactant molecule, which has a size ranging from 50 to 500 nm. The experiment was conducted in Biota Sumatera Laboratory Faculty of Pharmacy and Insect Bioecology Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University Padang on from July to August year 2018. The purpose of this research was to obtain the nanoemulsion of Piper aduncum fruit as a botanical insecticide capable of controlling the pest of cabbage larvae Crocidolomia pavonana. The experimental design used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) that consists of control treatment and nanoemulsion treatment of P. aduncum. Observations were used PSA with Zetasizer Nano ZS Malvern tools. Insecticidal activity of nanoemulsion was tested against C. pavonana. As the study found, the nanoemulsion has the following characteristics; its size ranges from 18.56 to 216.7 nm, its polydispersity index ranges from 0,202 to 0,371, its zeta potential ranges from -0,410 to -28,7 mV, and its distribution width range from 8,11 to 5570 nm. It has insecticidal activity against C. pavonana.
Characteristics and viability of probiotic capsule Lactobacillus paracasei ssp paracasei M13 encapsulated by extrusion using Carrageenan
Authors: Elida M , Gusmalini  , Saufani IA 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Encapsulation aimed to protect and stabilize cells during the production process and applications in food products. Carrageenan extrusion techniques do not cause damage to cells so that viability is maintained. The research aimed to get the highest yield and viability from various concentrations of carrageenan coating material. Encapsulation of probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei Ml3 using carrageenan extrusion technique with a concentration of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. The parameters observed were microcapsule yield, diameter, sensory test and cell viability of probiotic. The results showed that the highest yield was obtained at a 3% carrageenan concentration of 43.2% with a diameter of 3.98 mm, round-oval shape, yellowish white color. The highest viability of microcapsules at 1% carrageenan concentration of 10.44 log CFU / g, 2% of 10.89 log CFU / g, and 3% of 10.11 log CFU / g was not significantly different between treatments, whereas at the lowest 4% concentration of 8.25 log CFU / g.
Development of dadih powder as a complementary food to prevent children from stunting in West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Helmizar H , Surono IS , Saufani IA 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This research aims to produce pasteurized dadih powder and the best condition for its production for the formula of supplementation. Besides, it is aimed at developing formula complimentary food, and it is used as local food to prevent children from stunting. The characteristics of dadih were analyzed by biochemical and daily intake converted into percentages. Dadih powder was analyzed with proximate and the total of lactic acid bacteria. The nutritional composition formula is analyzed by using Nutrisurvey Programme. Based on the result, it is recommended that the dadih powder should be given daily to the children at the age of 6-8 months. Furthermore, about 126 children were measured by using “anthropometric evaluation” to find out whether the children belonged stunting. The electronic scale was used to know the bodyweight of the children, and the recumbent length was taken by using length board. Each piece of equipment has a precise standard in which 0,1 kg is matching to 0,1 cm. The calorie in 100 g of dadih consists of 95.51 kcal with 31.8 g protein, 34.11 g fat, and 29.6 g carbohydrate. The formula of complementary food was recommended ad daily intake for children under two years of age based on their need: energy of 200 to 250 kcal and 6 to 8 grams of protein. Dadih powder was obtained by freezing technology and the use of vacuum heating to stabilize the powder. The nutritional composition of the dadih powder was standardized according to nutrition recommended to children under two years. Based on the anthropometric measurement of the nutritional status of children, there were 15.9 % stunting, 10.3 % underweight, and 3.2 % wasting.
Oil palm FFB dry heat sterilization through electromagnetic radiation
Authors: Makky M , Cherie D , Ardianto A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sterilization processes in palm mills demand high energy, intensive water use, and excessive waste. Moreover, the process involves the use of a pressurizing chamber, and hence, extended the time required to complete the batch. Sterilization aims to deactivate the enzyme in the fruits Mesocarp and loosen the fruitlet to ease detachment from the bunch. This study proposes an alternate process with a similar aim and result while reducing the resources required, water in particular. The methods include exposing the oil palm Fresh Fruits Bunch (FFB) with electromagnetic radiation in different power and exposure time. The results showed by presenting the FFB with 180 Watt electromagnetic radiation in 16 minutes, the oil in the Mesocarp extracted as much as 66.71% of total weight. Furthermore, the properties of extracted oil (DOBI number, carotene content, and FFA level) were superior to the unmodified sterilization process. However, the cost of processing the FFB with electromagnetic radiation remains high, and further study required to economize the cost.
The influence of drying temperature on chemical components of herbal tea leaves (Spondiasdulcis soland)
Authors: Ismanto SD , Rahmi ID , Febrian A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Ambarella’s leaves (Spondias Dulcis, Soland) is a plant that is rich in benefits. This study was conducted to determine the chemical components, the effect of drying temperature, antioxidant activity and toxicity of the leaves of Ambarella. This research has been carried out in the Laboratory of Agricultural Technology Andalas University Padang on December to February 2015. The study designed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 repetitions. Data were analyzed statistically by using ANOVA and were continued with Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at 5% significance levels. The treatments had done through a drying process at a temperature of 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, and 90°C. The chemical analysis which is observed such as of water content, ash content, and antioxidant activity carried out on the product. The best products is which observed such as tannin content, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, triterpenoids compounds, flavonoids, and toxicity. Based on the analysis of raw materials Ambarella’s leaves, was obtained by water content of 33.81%, ash content of 9.33%, and the antioxidant activity of 60.07%, while the qualitative test gave a positive result of the flavonoid. Leaf tea product is a leaf tea best ambarella with temperature 70°C for 180 minutes. The product has a water content of 7.46%, ash content of 7.72%, 29.03% total polyphenols, antioxidant activity of 40.71%, 6.61% tannin contents and 1261.82 ppm LC50 value.
Analysis of land cover changes within the working area of nagari forest: a case of Nagari Sungai Buluah Timur, Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatra
Authors: Rosita E , Yonariza  , Asmin F 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNagari forest is a social forestry scheme adopted in West Sumatra province to ensure the rights of the community to manage and ensure sustainable management of state forests. Analysis of changes in land cover can be an interesting study to identify the pattern of land use by the community after given the right to manage (permit). This study aims to analyze the change of land cover on the working area of nagari forest in Nagari Sungai Buluah Timur, Padang Pariaman district. The method used was spatial land cover analysis based on land cover data of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2013 and 2017 validated with land cover data from Google Earth in 2014 and 2018. Field observations and interviews were also conducted to strengthen the analysis of the causes of the change. Based on the results of the analysis, land cover changes occur due to increased community agricultural cultivation activities after obtaining the right to manage. Changes occur from primary dryland forest and dryland farming to shrubs. Based on Google Earth interpretation, shrub cover also turns into dryland farming.
The implementation of community-based forest management (CBFM) schemes within the protection forest management unit (PFMU) Sijunjung, Indonesia
Authors: Frimadani M R , Yonariza Y , Yuerlita Y 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) has been implemented in West Sumatra Province since 2012 targeting 500,000 ha State forest land. It is part of a total of 12,7 million ha of forest areas designated for CBFM in Indonesia. This paper aims to describe the implementation of CBFM schemes in the working area of PFMU Sijunjung in terms of its institutional and forest utilization activities by the local community, beneficiaries of CBFM. This study was carried out in three CBFM with the forest size ranging from 217 – 504 ha. CBFM schemes implemented in this area consist of Community Plantation Forest (CPF), Community Forestry (CF), and Village or Nagari Forest (VF). The data were collected through observation and key informant interviews. The study found that Community Forestry and Community Plantation Forest are managed by re-institutionalizing existing local institutions. In contrast, Nagari Forest is managed by new institutions established by the village government. Institutional formation in each CBFM scheme is motivated by government policy. Institutions of Community Forestry and Community Plantation Forest are secure enough in terms of institutional activities, agreed rules and restrictions applied, the beneficiaries community only harvest Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). This practice may lead to sustainable forest resource use. On the other hand, the new institution of Nagari forest has created a conflict of interest between the parties so that the institution becomes weak, and the rules in management are not easy to be agreed.
Consequently, the community still widely practice illegal logging in various scale. This study concludes that CBFM practice should consistently encourage local institutions as the core of forest management, as stated in the PFMU long-term plan instead of establishing new institutions. Therefore, the CBFM program should strengthen local institutions and promote synergy among multi-stakeholders.
Study of the public perspectives on the problems of Batang Kuranji River Basin management in Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Nurpasari F , Febriamansyah R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Batang Kuranji is one of the main rivers that divide the city of Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia from the Bukit Barisan mountains in the east to the Indian Ocean in the west. Batang Kuranji River Basin has a 202.70 km2 watershed with the main river length of 32.41 km. Over the last three decades, there has been an increase in the frequency of problems caused by the declining quality of watershed management, such as upstream landslides, and flooding downstream in urban areas. This study aim to explore and identify the watershed management issues, from upstream to downstream, based on community perspectives along the river basins. Qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were applied through surveys with respondents, semi structured interviews with key informant and Focus Group Discussion with stakeholders. In general, each community group along the river basin has a explain more details of the more frequent flooding problems and the higher of flood. However, the factors that cause the problems for each community are different with each group blaming one another. This study explores these differing views between groups and provides recommendations for policy makers towards integrated management.
How about integrating tree crops into your oil palm plantation?
Authors: Yonariza Y , Mutolib A , Yurike Y 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The synergy between forest and plantation is much sought after to maintain the complex role of forest areas. Forest should be managed for its socio-economic and ecological position while land-use change tends towards maximizing economic role. Indonesia is struggling to rehabilitate most of her production forests. Many cases show that the forestlands have been converted into monoculture oil palm or rubber plantation that caused severe ecological degradation and declined forest role in ecosystem maintenance. The government of Indonesia is seeking synergy between these two conflicting land uses types. Forest Management Unit (FMU) has been chosen as a model to carry out day to day management at field level beginning in 2010. Unfortunately, majority FMUs have not been in operation due to limited information at the field level, especially about the willingness of landowners to cooperate in the restoration of the production forest. In Dharmasraya District, West Sumatra, a 33,000 hectare of remaining production forest areas is undergoing deforestation due to forest conversion into oil palm and rubber carried out both by smallholder and large scale oil plantation companies. Based on a household survey among smallholders plantation in Dharmasraya District, West Sumatera Indonesia, the paper presents farmers’ willingness to integrate timber and non-timber plants into their oil palm plantation and discusses its implication for forest management especially in forest restoration management for FMU. The study found that at this time, it is hard for the landowner to integrate a timber tree into their smallholder oil palm and rubber plantation. They value land higher for the farm than for forest. Landowners feel secure with the customary land right than statutory land rights. Hence, the study suggests FMU Dharmasraya intensify forest extension service on forest function and persuade landowners to seek a balance between the ecological and economic role of forestland. More importantly, forest ecosystem service needs a proportional monetary valuation.
Marine Resource Conservation for Sustainable food security in Indonesia
Authors: Zamzami L , Effendi N , Syahrizal  , Ermayanti  
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the local wisdom of fishing groups on local marine resource conservation for sustainable food security. Pariaman is a region of coastal areas and have small islands tend to have limited agricultural resources and access to food from outside. The problem that forced a fishing community to commit acts of adjustment so that the food needs can be met sustainably. Data were collected from a small number of fishing households in the village of Pariaman Tengah in Pariaman city, using mainly qualitative research methods. At the village, traditional fishing areas have been properly benefited by local fishermen. Together with the government, they have conserved the area, where sea turtles, some species of finfish, coral reefs are protected. It was found that the local wisdom use consists of determining the season of fishing, making traditional fishing gear and sustainable food security for the household. They have the local wisdom for resource conservation are using no harmful gears, a commitment not to catch and kill the turtles and commitment not to throw rubbish into the sea. Based on these results, it can be concluded that fish as a critical food source by fishing groups in ensuring sustainable food security system in agricultural production systems, distribution, and food consumption. Industrial fisheries can also contribute to the food security and nutrition of the poor in Pariaman fishing groups, especially when they favor the wide commercialization of cheap, easily stored and transported nutritious pelagic fish such as sardine, pilchard, herring, anchovy or even tuna. Over the years, indirectly to food security through employment creation where legislation to protect decent working conditions is in place become a tradition.
The Capacity of Soil Bacteria, Bacillus sprif
and Pseudomonas sprif, in solubilizing Soil Phosphate and Potassium
Authors: Setiawati T. C. , Pandutama M.H. , Mandala M. , Arta C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Increasing availability of phosphate (P) and potassium (K) in soil can be driven by microbial activities, which are specifically able to dissolve P and K, known as nutrients hard to dissolve. The objectives of this research were to study the solubilising activity toward soil P and K by P- and K- solubilizing bacteria in sterilized and non-sterilized condition of Oxisol and Inceptisol. Marking procedure was performed on P- and K- solubilizing bacteria to scrutinize their activities in the soil. Marking process was conducted by utilizing resistance toward rifampicin antibiotica concentration of 50 µg.ml−1. The results of this study revealed that the increasing availability of P was evident in both soil conditions (sterilized and non-sterilized). In Oxisol, P availability increased by 48.86%, while in Inceptisol it reached an increase by 187.77%, compared to the initial concentration. Likewise, K availability in Oxisol increased by 4.53 times, and it rose by 5.26 times in Inceptisol. The activities of P solubilising bacteria, in addition to being able to increase soil P availability, were also able to enhance soil’s K content. Similarly, the K solubilizing bacteria were also capable of increasing P availabilityy in both soils.
The Effect of Amorphous Polysilazane and Infiltration Method on The Densification of SiCf/SiC Composites
Authors: Muhammad Habieb Alvin , Noviyanto Alfian , Sukmarani Galuh , Kusumaningrum Retno , Fauzi Fiqhi , Bambang Widayatno Wahyu , Sukarto Wismogroho Agus , Ikhlasul Amal Muhamad , Taufiqu Rochman Nurul 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the ability of polysilazane as starting materials to fabricate SiCf/SiC composite prepared by slurry infiltration method, i.e., vacuum infiltration (VI) and electrophoretic infiltration (EPI). After infiltration, sintering was performed using hot pressing vacuum furnace at 1750 °C for 1 h in Ar atmosphere and applied pressure of 20 MPa. Phase analysis revealed the formation of a-SiC for EPI, while a-SiC and p-SiC were detected for VI. It seems the transformation of (3- to a-SiC enhances significantly in the EPI, resulting in single-phase a-SiC. Moreover, the presence of excess carbon after sintering indicated that the amount of Si and C was not stoichiometry. The density of SiCf/SiC composite infiltrated by VI and EPI was 2.68 and 2.92 g/cm3, respectively, corresponding to 81.6 and 90.9% of theoretical density. Although the density is quite different, the average flexural strength for VI and EPI was 174 ± 5 and 200 ± 7 MPa, respectively, which does not differ significantly. However, the tail extension was observed for both samples, indicates the toughness increase compared to monolithic ceramic. This study indicates that polysilazane can be used as an alternative precursor for the fabrication of SiCf/SiC composites using a slurry infiltration method.
The Study of Soga Brown Colour Visual Digitization from Classical Batik of Yogyakarta
Authors: Firmansyah Almira 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIndonesian traditional textile has distinct signature textile culture on its natural dye, for example Classical Batik of Yogyakarta which is well known for its brownsogacolour, a brownish colour obtained from the colourants combination ofjambalbark (Pelthophorum ferrugineum),tingibark (Ceriops candolleana), andtegeranwood (Cudrania javanensis). Along with those ingredients, Classical Batik of Yogyakarta also uses indigo plant (Indigofera tinctoria) as its blue colourant to help create darker brown colour, andkapur tohor(Calcium Oxide) for pre and post mordant treatment. The colour study output would be a recommendation as it would be a non-analog inventory documentation of Classical Batik of Yogyakarta natural dye. In order to make the colour visual data suitable for digital device, the research requires fabrics dyed with Classical Batik of Yogyakarta natural dye ingredients and technique as samples for colour identification study by spectrophotometry and by digitalization method to obtain RGB colour value. The natural dye colour digital format data is designed to facilitate data preservation and its acquisition by individuals whom have interest on textile natural dye.