bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the various types of structures for the electric transmission power cables supports’ static work in the software complexes implementing the finite elements method
Authors: Sabitov L S , Ziganshin A D , Radaykin O V , Akhtyamova L Sh , Yazyev S B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The aim of the work was to conduct a comparative analysis of the static work of two structural types of steel poles of power lines (HVPC): in the form of a closed profile rods-shells with height-varying wall thickness and in the form of a trellised trihedral design made according to the patent [1]. In this case, both types of supports were considered for three different heights-under power lines of 10 kV - 9-11 m high, 35 kV - 20.6 m high and 110 kV - 22.5 m high, respectively. The bulk of the research was carried out at the ANSYS PC, where the joint work of the structural system “steel support of an overhead power transmission cable - a prefabricated and dismantled reinforced concrete foundation of a new type [2] - soil base” was considered. For this, the authors proposed a computer simulation technique that takes into account the spatial work of the structural system elements and the physical nonlinearity of the materials they are made of. At the same time, the Mises strength theory was used for steel, Williams-Warnake yield criterion was used for concrete, and Drucker-Prager yield criterion was used for the base soil. In addition, all the necessary geometric, power, and physical characteristics of the model were obtained on the basis of the current building codes for the energy facilities’ design. The auxiliary engineering calculations taking into account these codes were performed in the LIRA-SAPR 2017 PC in a linear formulation.
To the multi-hollow reinforced concrete floor panels’ calculation according to the two groups of the limit states
Authors: Vasiliev A S , Plekhanova E A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It is known that multi-hollow panels for simplification in the calculations are presented in the form of I-beams (T-shaped) beams and are considered according to the beam theory. The material for such structures is reinforced concrete - a composite material that combines the mutual work of concrete and steel reinforcement. The purpose of this work is to study how the cross-sectional representation shape of the multi-hollow panels made of the reinforced concrete structural material affects the samples of various lengths, by establishing the action of the above factors (the way the cross-section and length are represented) on the bearing and deformation ability, as well as the cracking load. We examined the various length panels’ samples, freely supported and working on bending, with a cross section in a natural form, in comparison with the similar length I-beam samples. The load was sequentially applied to the samples in increments of 1 kN, until the yield strength of the reinforcement in the stretched zone was reached. A numerical study of multi-hollow panels was carried out, taking into account the physical nonlinearity of reinforced concrete, with the formation of a plastic hinge in the middle of the span. The load-deflection graphs are obtained when modeling the corresponding lengths of the samples with a natural and I-section shape. It was found that the length of the panel affects the calculation results of the shapes under consideration, and the shorter the length, the more obvious the deviation in the load-deflection graphs. The correction factors to refine the calculations of reinforced concrete slabs for cracking, deformation and breaking loads are proposed.
The building structures’ bearing capacity assessment with the nomogram method
Authors: Pirumyan N V , Stakyan M G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The complex assessments of the main jointly acting and heterogeneous factors (geometric parameters, stress concentration, surface hardening and compressive stresses) on the building structures elements and units’ fatigue resistance, which in early studies were taken into account in a differential way, are considered. In this paper, for the factors’ complex assessments, the method of prioritizing the choice of one of them, which is dictated by the requirements for building structures (design, technological, operational, technical maintenance, repair and restoration), is adopted. As a priority factor, in particular, the technology of surface hardening is considered, the use of which significantly increases the structural elements’ bearing capacity and allows the application of relatively cheap low - and medium-carbon structural steels as the main material. Using the method of system analysis, the classification and grouping of the parameters of these factors and fatigue resistance indicators was performed and their database was created. The statistical data processing was performed and the regression equations between the specified parameters and indicators were obtained. Using the principle of the priority of factors, systems, the obtained equations for applying the interrelated values of these indicators in calculations for the bearing capacity of structural elements are formed. Using the equations of the obtained systems in I…IV quadrants using the grid (x,y), considering the logical sequence of determining the fatigue resistance and the priority influencing factor’s principle, by means of the nomogram method three nomograms are composed, with the priority to the factors considered, which allow to determine the whole complex of these indicators promptly and taking into consideration the production environment by the simple graphical constructions means.
The strengthening technologies’ application in building steel structural elements
Authors: Pirumyan N V , Stakyan M G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The issues of increasing the bearing capacity and fatigue resistance of structural building elements, working surfaces and edge transition sections affected by the surface plastic deformation, are considered. The regression relationships between the influencing factors’ parameters and fatigue resistance coefficients are revealed. Taking into account their relationship, the multiparametric functional relationships and systems of equations are compiled making possible to determine the optimal values of the remaining parameters in the case of the priority factor proposed parameter’s (coefficient) presence.
Fiber reinforcement as an alternative to the compressed zone linear reinforcement and the flexible concrete elements stretched zone prestressing
Authors: Mayilyan L R , Shilov P A , Shilov A A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The results of a numerical experiment in the framework of a theoretical study of the strength and crack resistance of the reinforced concrete beams available or non-available in fiber reinforcement are presented. The fiber reinforcement presence influence on the strength and crack resistance of the reinforced concrete beams’ normal sections is determined by varying the following parameters: working reinforcement class; percentage of reinforcement with steel reinforcement; the presence and degree of the reinforced zone reinforcement prestressing; the presence or absence of the beam compressed zone reinforcement; the steel fiber reinforcement presence. Reinforcement of concrete with steel fiber had a significant impact on the theoretical strength and crack resistance of the reinforced concrete elements’ normal sections, both in the presence and in the absence of the working reinforcement prestressing. The calculation showed that in some cases the presence of fiber reinforcement will eliminate the prestressing of the working reinforcement or significantly reduce its level, abandon the reinforcement in the compressed zone and, under the certain conditions, replace the high-strength prestressed reinforcement A600 with the reinforcement A400 without increasing the total consumption of steel by the sample.
The effect of contact friction forces on the stress - strain state of an inclined base during the construction of buildings on complex terrain
Authors: Barykin B Yu , Barykin A B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper considers the interaction of contact friction forces in the system “base - inclined foundation - holding structure” and their influence on the stress-strain state of the soil base in the zone of the foundation structure’s adjacency to the holding structure. The main features of the contact friction forces’ distribution, the places of their application and the calculation algorithm are determined. The design scheme of the inclined foundation is developed taking into account the occurrence of a generalized total friction force. Based on the obtained dependences, the additions and refinements to the existing methodology for calculating foundations on an inclined soil base using a variable stiffness coefficient have been made.
The stress state numerical study of a rectangular cross-section beam with round drillings
Authors: Saiyan S G , Paushkin A G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The study of the rectangular cross section beam’s stress state, weakened by round drillings has been performed. The results’ reliability is confirmed by calculation in the LIRA SAPR and ANSYS Mechanical APDL software packages. The results have been compared with the solution by the materials resistance methods.
Oscillations of the variable cross beams under seismic and technogenic influences (part I)
Authors: Kulterbaev Kh P , Baragunova L A , Shogenova M M , Bulanov S G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Free compressed beam transverse vibrations of a variable cross section carrying a distributed mass are considered. The mathematical model of oscillations is presented as a boundary value problem from the basic partial differential equation of the fourth order hyperbolic type in spatial coordinate, the second order in time and boundary conditions. The technical theory of the rods’ bending vibrations, based on the Bernoulli hypothesis about the invariance of flat beam cross-sections, has been used. The task is to determine the eigenvalues, eigenmodes of oscillation and the attenuation coefficient (extended Sturm-Liouville problem). It has been argued that solving the problem by the analytical methods is impractical due to the large transformations and calculations volume. The variables separation methods, finite differences and computer technology have been used. An algorithm for solving the problem, implemented in the Matlab software environment in the form of high-precision graphical and analytical calculations, has been developed. On a concrete example of a beam, verification of the proposed mathematical model has been demonstrated. The practical conclusions have been made.
Experimental studies of the reinforcement percentage effect on the modulus of soil deformation fixed by cementation
Authors: Prokopov A Yu , Sychev I V , Revyakin A A , Soboleva O N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article presents the experimental studies’ results on the subsidence soils reinforcement percentage influence during cementation on the deformation characteristics of a soil base after fixing. A nonlinear dependence of the fixed soil deformation modulus on the reinforcement percentage and the initial (natural) deformation modulus is established. High convergence of the obtained theoretical and experimental data is proved.
Architectural design and manual graphics in the student’s educational activities, their relationship with the mental peculiarities of a future specialist
Authors: Kupriyanova E V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of the scientific studies of the plasticity / rigidity of thinking among the bachelors of the Academy of Architecture and Arts, receiving training in the specialties: architecture, design of the architectural environment. In the field of modern architectural design, there is a process of reanimating the importance of hand-made graphics as an indispensable component of professional competence, which cannot but affect the content of training programs in training the specialists in this field. The author proves the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the abilities of students to use manual graphics in the design of projects with such a property of thinking as creative flexibility. The deliberate development of this ability through the educational tools will optimize the students’ assimilation of basic professional competencies in the field of architecture and design, increase the competitiveness of a university graduate.
Architectural features of modern low-rise housing for large families in Russia (on the Rostov region example)
Authors: Kuleshova A M , Molchanov V M , Kuleshova I M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The main direction of the Russian demographic policy is to increase the number of large families by stimulating this category of the population with numerous federal supporting programs, including those aimed at improving the level of housing provision and comfortable living conditions. The research on certain aspects of housing design for large families was carried out by a number of authors, but a single concept has not yet been formed. This article discusses the development of housing architecture for large families, starting from the Soviet period, the main types of modern buildings of this housing type, the methods of organizing apartments in different urban conditions, as well as the typological features that affect the modern housing architecture formation for large families.
The Adyghe (Circassians) interior of the XVIII - XX centuries
Authors: Unezheva Z S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the differences and monotony of the traditional home and the interior decoration of different population strata. In some cases, the nobility and gentry needs were the reason and basis for a slight increase in the houses’ construction and interior, which started being differentiated from the poor in terms of population. The article covers the XVIII - XX centuries, when the small changes started taking place in the interior and in construction, related to the climatic conditions and places of residence.
Housing architecture of Yerevan. Typology, Forecast
Authors: Safaryan A Yu , Safaryan Yu A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The stages and features of the housing architecture formation in Yerevan in 1920-2020 are presented. The typological principles of their architectural and planning decisions are considered. The authors emphasize the creative contribution of famous Armenian architects who laid the Yerevan’s housing architecture formation foundation. A number of recommendations for the modernization of housing built in Yerevan during the 1920-2020 period are given.
Space structure features of the Couple’s retreat garden in the context of traditional private gardens of Suzhou
Authors: Tceluiko D S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the Couple’s retreat garden’s spatial elements. The paper considers the history of the territory formation. One of the most important personalities in the history of the garden is Shen Bincheng. It was he who made the estate in the way we know it today. The garden was created under the influence of the Qing Dynasty culture. However, it is very different from other “classical” gardens of the Suzhou city and the Jiangnan region. The planning structure of the garden has been studied in detail. It consists of three sections: Western garden, central district and Eastern garden. The object under consideration is unique, since the garden part is divided into two zones in it, each of which is not large in the area and the center of each site is a stone mountain. The The Couple’s retreat garden can be more attributed to landscape gardens, which are created for the observation from the outside and are not intended for various kinds of interactivity.
Actual issues of the settlements’ historical preservation center of the Kuban
Authors: Subbotin O S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The main architectural and urban issues in the ratio of old and new in the historical center of settlements are considered. Attention is focused on the scale of “intrusions” in the specified center during the 20th century. The assessment of the current urban development situation in this period is given. The concrete examples of the formation and development of these centers in the historical retrospective of the Kuban settlements are given. Some historically valuable city-forming objects are noted. Particular importance is given to the preservation of the historical environment and objects of architectural heritage. Attention is drawn to the principles of “green” architecture for their implementation in the historical center.
An analytical reading of the planning structure in Munich
Authors: Gelfond A L , Erofeeva I V , Moiseenko V A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Munich example demonstrates the architectural and cultural approach to the analysis of the large cities’ planning structure. In the context of the urban planning fabric’s historical development, the main planning axes are singled out and a conceptual model of mega ensembles is built. Particular attention is paid to the city’s hydrography, the main components of which are the Isar River, the Nymphenburg canals and the Northern system of the Munich canals, which began to be formed in the 17th century and had finally been developed by the beginning of the 20th century. Munich’s northwest quadrant, formed much earlier than the other three, was chosen as the main object of study, on the territory of which the urban triptych was identified as the main system-forming mega-ensemble, formed, firstly, by the city’s historical center with two other triptych elements emanating from it Brynner Strasse and Ludwig Strasse, respectively, secondly, the Olympic Park and thirdly, the Nymphenburg Palace and Park complex, connected with the second element of the triptych by the Nymphenburg-Biedersteiner Canal.
Opportunities for integrating the historical industrial enterprises into the modern urban environment in Rostov-on-Don
Authors: Vereshchagin E I , Mokina Al Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Today, historical industrial facilities and their territory, located earlier on the outskirts, industrial enterprises with the growth and development of cities, were included in their architectural and planning structure. There is currently a clear tendency to orient the historical industrial heritage objects to urban public spaces using the re-functionalization methods in the historical industrial heritage reconstruction in our country and foreign design practice. The relevance of the industrial facilities’ reconstruction in Rostov-on-Don is due to the presence of irrationally used urban areas and the need to create the universal modern spaces for work, leisure and entertainment in the central residential quarters of the city. The study examined two industrial heritage sites and presented the design solutions for them.
Christian Temple Tkhaba-Yerdy in architecture history of the North-East Caucasus
Authors: Pishchulina V V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the Tkhaba-Yerdy medieval temple’s architectural features in the village of Dzheyra, Ingushetia, its comparison with other three-church basilicas. The scientific novelty of the article is due to the fact that a comprehensive study of the planning, volumetric and spatial solutions and the building material of the temple based on the results of physico-chemical analysis allows dating it to the 7th century. The activities of Kartli and, presumably, Armenia should be associated with the construction of basilicic temples in the north-eastern Caucasus. The temples of this composition in the Assin gorge of Ingushetia, Tkhaba-Yerdy and Albi-Erda can be attributed to a number of signs as variants of the three-church basilica, or the Armenian church hall with a detour. In Armenia, this type was distributed until the 7th century. In Kartli, three-church basilicas were built until the 14th century.
Sacred topography of Anakopia fortress and its surroundings (Abkhazia)
Authors: Pishchulina V V , Bgazhba O Kh , Argun A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article highlights the Abasgians Christianization processes started by Byzantium in the VI century and their interaction with the Abasgians mythology. However, the traditional mythological representations and beliefs of the Abasgians were not supplanted by Christianity, as well as by the ancient philosophy. The topography of the early church buildings on the territory of Anacopia and its surroundings shows that in the church buildings the Abasgian people preserved the ancient system of sacred places and their landscape-visual connections. The sacred meaning of Anacopia has been stably maintained for millennia, but has undergone transformations. According to a complex of sources, it was concluded that the sacred (cultural) significance of this place was the basis of the worshipers’ power over their fellow tribesmen; religious and political center around which a system of sacred topography had been formed up to the time of the Abkhazian kingdom.
Complex monitoring of natural-technogenic sphere in preserving of cultural heritage
Authors: Nesterova A N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Complex monitoring includes a range of essential factors that allow to fulfil effective activity on preserving cultural heritage and to track technical condition of objects. Performance of monitoring of objects of historical-cultural heritage and adjacent territory promotes the piling of necessary bulk of data about technical condition of memorials, the causes of appearance of ruins and making meliorative and governing decisions.

Complex monitoring – is the system of observing and control, covering most or all of the components natural-technogenic sphere such as dangerous geological processes and phenomena, monitoring of the changes of ecological condition of environment, monitoring of sources of technogenic impact ant etc. [1].
In order to get more accurate data, it is important to examine all constituents of complex monitoring separately. The structure of complex monitoring includes: geotechnical monitoring, monitoring of technical condition of the object of research, ecological monitoring.
Zeolite tuff as strength improver in cements
Authors: Smorodinova T N , Kotvanova M K , Sologubova I A , Pavlova S S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study aims to obtain cement with valuable properties by introducing additives enhancing concrete strength. Zeolite tuff of the Lyulinskoe deposit (Russia) that had not been studied before was tested as a strength improver. The elemental and phase zeolite tuff compositions were established by X-ray fluorescence and X-ray phase analysis. Electrical conductivity and cement paste pH were measured, and the pozzolanic activity of zeolite additive was evaluated. The Portland cement hydration in the presence of zeolite leads binds not only calcium ions, but also sulfate ions. The obtained kinetic curves of electrical conductivity and pH level gave stage wise description of Portland cement hydration and strength development, which reveals the possibility of managing the curing process. It was established that 5% zeolite ground to 5–10 μm increases the compressive strength by 15% in 7 days and by 21% in 28 days.