bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Long RNA Profiles in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Treatment Response for Breast Cancer
Authors: Su Yonghui , Zhao Jingjing , Guo Rong , Lai Hongyan , Chi Weiru , Li Yuchen , Wang Jia , Wang Zhen , Li Lun , Sang Yuting , Hou Jianjing , Xue Jingyan , Shao Zhimin , Chi Yayun , Huang Shenglin , Wu Jiong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The utility of extracellular vesicle long RNAs (exLRs) as noninvasive biomarkers in breast cancer remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to explore the potential of exLRs as clinically actionable biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis, classification, and neoadjuvant therapy efficacy prediction. Methods: One hundred and seventy-two participants, including 112 breast cancer patients, 19 benign patients and 41 healthy controls, were enrolled in this case-control study. The exLR profile of the plasma samples was analyzed by exLR sequencing. The d-signature was identified using a support vector machine algorithm with a training cohort (n=120) and was validated using an internal validation cohort (n=52). Treatment efficacy prediction was conducted with 48 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Results: We constructed a breast cancer diagnostic signature that showed high accuracy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.960 in the training cohort and 0.900 in the validation cohort. The signature was able to identify early stage BC (I/II) with an AUC of 0.940. Integrating the signature could increase the diagnosis accuracy by up to 91.9% for breast cancer patients with the corresponding predictive results based on the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System classification of 4 or 5. Moreover, the exLRs could provide a strong indication of the breast cancer subtypes, and exMSMO1 is employable as a predictive biomarker in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the value of exLR profiling to provide potential biomarkers for early detection and treatment efficacy prediction of breast cancer.
The Novel Curcumin Derivative 1g Induces Mitochondrial and ER-Stress-Dependent Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells by Induction of&nbsp;ROS Production
Authors: Wang Hao , Sun Jia-Lin , Xu Ying-Xing , Sui Zhong-Guo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: A novel curcumin (Cur) derivative 1g can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of 1g in inducing apoptosis of colon cancer cells, especially mitochondrial apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS).Methods: Bioinformatics was used to analyze differentially expressed mrnas. Gene expression was measured by using qRT-PCR and protein expression was measured by using western blotting. Cell apoptosis, cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS were analyzed by flow cytometry. Experiments on transplanted tumors in animals.Results: The mechanism of this effect was a change in mitochondrial membrane potential caused by 1g that increased its pro-apoptotic activity. In addition, 1g produced ROS, induced G1 checkpoint blockade, and enhanced ER-stress in colon cancer cells. On the contrary, pretreatment with the ROS scavenging agent N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) inhibited the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by 1g and reversed ER-stress, cell cycle stagnation, and apoptosis. Additionally, pretreatment with the p-PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 significantly reduced ER-stress and reversed the apoptosis induced by colon cancer cells.Conclusions: This study not only found that 1g inherits the safety of Cur and has a more inhibitory effect on colon cancer cells than Cur, but also revealed that excessive production of ROS is one of the mechanisms of anti-tumor action.
NeoCLEAN: a multimodal strategy to enhance environmental cleaning in a resource-limited neonatal unit
Authors: Dramowski Angela , Aucamp M , Bekker A , Pillay S , Moloto K , Whitelaw AC , Cotton MF , Coffin S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Contamination of the hospital environment contributes to neonatal bacterial colonization and infection. Cleaning of hospital surfaces and equipment is seldom audited in resource-limited settings.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted to assess the impact of a multimodal cleaning intervention (NeoCLEAN) for surfaces and equipment in a 30-bed neonatal ward. The intervention included cleaning audits with feedback, cleaning checklists, in-room cleaning wipes and training of staff and mothers in cleaning methods. Cleaning adequacy was evaluated for 100 items (58 surfaces, 42 equipment) using quantitative bacterial surface cultures, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assays and fluorescent ultraviolet (UV) markers, performed at baseline (P1, October 2019), early intervention (P2, November 2019) and late intervention (P3, February 2020). Results: Environmental swabs (55/300; 18.3%) yielded growth of 78 potential neonatal pathogens with Enterococci, S. marcescens, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus and A. baumannii predominating. Highest aerobic colony counts were noted from moist surfaces such as sinks, milk kitchen surfaces, humidifiers and suction tubing. The proportion of surfaces and equipment exhibiting no bacterial growth increased between phases (P1=49%, P2=66%, P3=69%; p=0.007). The proportion of surfaces and equipment meeting the ATP “cleanliness” threshold (<200 relative light units) increased over time (P1=40%, P2=54%, P3=65%; p=0.002), as did the UV marker removal rate (P1=23%, P2=71%, P3=74%; p<0.001).Conclusion: Routine environmental cleaning of this neonatal ward was sub-optimal at baseline but improved significantly following a multimodal cleaning intervention. Involving mothers and nursing staff was key to achieving improved environmental and equipment cleaning in this resource-limited neonatal unit.
An Association Between Visceral or Subcutaneous Fat Accumulation and Diabetes Mellitus Among Japanese Subjects
Authors: Yokokawa Hirohide , Fukuda Hiroshi , Saita Mizue , Goto Kento , Kaku Tengen , Miyagami Taiju , Takahashi Yuichi , Hamada Chieko , Hisaoka Teruhiko , Naito Toshio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The impact of subcutaneous fat accumulation remains controversial. This study assessed the association between visceral or subcutaneous fat area (VFA and SFA, respectively) and diabetes mellitus (DM) among Japanese subjects.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 1,907 eligible participants (men, 1,050; women, 883) who participated in a voluntary health check-up conducted at Juntendo University Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018, in Tokyo, Japan. Associations between VFA or SFA quartiles and DM were identified using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounders. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess appropriate cut-off values of VFA or SFA.Results: Multivariate analyses showed that Q4 (≥125 cm2) of VFA was significantly positively associated with DM compared to Q1 (<65 cm2) (AOR=1.94, 95% CI=1.02-3.71), whereas there was no association between SFA and DM in men. Among women, Q4 (≥85 cm2) of VFA was significantly positively associated with DM compared to Q1 (Q4, AOR=6.15, 95% CI=1.65-22.99). Also, Q3 and Q4 (≥135 cm2) of SFA were significantly positively associated with DM compared to Q1 (<90 cm2) (Q3, AOR=5.64, 95% CI=1.21-26.25; Q4, AOR=7.81, 95% CI=1.71-35.65). The appropriate cut-off value of VFA in men was 101.5 cm2. Those of VFA and SFA in women were 72.5 cm2 and 165.3 cm2, respectively.Conclusion: Our results suggest the importance of considering SFA as well as VFA, especially in women, for primary and secondary prevention of DM.
Detection of High Risk People for Diabetes by American Diabetes Association Risk Score in PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study
Authors: Hasandokht Tolou , Joukar Farahnaz , Marroufizadeh Saman , Sibevey Sahar , Naghipour Mohammadreza , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To determine prevalence of high risk individuals for diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre DM based on American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score among Iranian people. Methods: Present study was based on 7989 non diabetic subjects aged 35–70 years from 10520 PERSIAN Guilan Cohort Study (PGCS) participants. ADA risk score was calculated for every individual through online calculator. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was used to study diagnostic accuracy of the anthropometric indices for detecting individuals with high risk ADA score for developing DM, represented by area under the curve (AUC).Results: From 7989 study subjects, ADA risk score found 3874 (48.5%) and 19122 (23%) at risk for developing PreDM and DM, respectively. The results of ROC curve analyses showed the highest diagnostic value was related to waist circumference (WC) followed by Body Mass Index (BMI) (0.695 and 0.693, respectively). The cut-points of WC and BMI for identifying high risk people for DM were 97 and 29, respectively.Conclusions: A large number of our participants had high ADA risk score for developing DM and PreDM that provide the importance of prevention strategies. WC seems to be highest diagnostic value in identifying people (men and women) with DM.
Inflammatory Biomarkers in induced Sputum Predict Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Severity
Authors: He Yuting , Deng Zhi , Jin Jianjun , Mao Ruolin , Gao Lei , Zhang Yi , Wang Gang , Gao Peng , Xie Min , Li Huayin , Chen Zhihong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The progression of an abnormal inflammatory response plays a crucial role in the functional decline that occurs in COPD patients[1].Compared to serum biomarkers, inflammatory biomarkers in induced sputum would be a more reliable reflection of the inflammatory processes in the airways. Based on this, we explored the association of inflammatory biomarkers in induced sputum with lung function in COPD patients.Methods: 102 patients with COPD were recruited and underwent spirometry. According to the percentage of the predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second value (FEV1%pred), participants with COPD were divided into a mild and moderate group (FEV1%pred≥ 50%, n=57) and a severe and extremely severe group (FEV1%pred<50%, n=45). Then we analyzed a series of inflammatory biomarkers in induced sputum and determined their association with lung function in COPD patients.Results: We found an increased levels of eosinophils percentage, MMP9 mRNA, LTB4R mRNA, and decreased levels of CC16 mRNA and miR-155 in the induced sputum of patients with severe and extremely severe COPD. In our analysis, sputum cell CC16 mRNA expression, but not CC16 secretion in the supernatant of the sputum, was closely and independently correlated with lung function decline in patients with COPD. Conclusion: The levels of numerous inflammatory biomarkers in induced sputum were associated with lung function decline in COPD，and the relative CC16 mRNA expression level with a cutoff of 1.09 could be a predictive biomarker of the severity of COPD.
Association between Host Genetics of Sheep and the Rumen Microbial Composition
Authors: Mani Sinalo , Aiyegoro Olayinka Ayobami , Adeleke Matthew Adeniyi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The gut microbiome is very significant in the stability of the rumen ecosystem, also in the maintenance of the host’s health. The gut flora influences the nutritional, physiological, immunological, and directly or indirectly affects the host’s well-being. A synergy between the rumen microbiota and the host genetics creates a symbiotic relationship, beneficial to the host’s health. In this study, the association between the host genetics and rumen microbiome of Damara and Meatmaster sheep was investigated. The composition of rumen microbiota was estimated through the analysis of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, while the sheep blood DNA was genotyped with Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip and the genome-wide association (GWA) was analyzed. Results: Sixty significant SNPs dispersed in 21 regions across the Ovis aries genome were found to be associated with the relative abundance of seven genera: Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Clostridium, Flavobacterium, Prevotella, Pseudomonas and Streptobacillus. A total of eighty-four candidate genes were identified, and their functional annotations were mainly associated with immunity responses and function, metabolism, and signal transduction. Conclusion: We are of the opinion, as evident from our results that candidate genes identified may be modulating the composition of rumen microbiota and, thus further indicate the significance of comprehending the interactions between the host and rumen microbiota to gain better insight into the health of sheep. We conclude that host genetics is important in modulating microbial composition; though various factors may alter the rumen microbiota. More studies are necessary to help determine genetic combinations favorable for the propagation of beneficial microbiota and provide excellent intestinal health.
Timing of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Authors: Borzellino Giuseppe , Khuri Safi , Pisano Michele , Mansour Subhi , Allievi Niccolò , Ansaloni Luca , Kluger Yoram 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Early cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis is reported in the literature to be performed up to 96 hours of admission or up to 1 week of the onset of symptoms. Based on the natural history of acute cholecystitis such timing may have missed some potential benefits that could have been expected by performing cholecystectomy in an earlier phase of the disease. The study aimed to explore the hypothesis that an immediate cholecystectomy performed within 24 hours of admission could reduce post-operative complications when compared with delayed cholecystectomy. Methods The literature search was conducted based on the Patient Intervention Comparison Outcome Study (PICOS) strategy. Randomized trials comparing post-operative complications at different timings of cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis were included. The main outcome was the post-operative complication rate. Studies were grouped based on the timing of cholecystectomy which was defined immediate when performed within 24 hours of admission, early when performed up to 96 hours of admission and delayed when surgery was elective after medical treatment. Pooled data of studies comparing post-operative complications after immediate versus delayed and early versus delayed cholecystectomy were analysed within a sub-group analysis. The literature search finding allowed the performance of a second analysis in which immediate cholecystectomy did not refer to a cholecystectomy performed within 24 hours of admission but within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms. Results Immediate cholecystectomy performed within 24 hours of admission did not prove to reduce post-operative complications with relative risk (RR) 1.89 and its 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.76; 4.71]. When the timing was based on the onset of symptoms, immediate cholecystectomy performed within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms was found to reduce post-operative complications compared to delayed cholecystectomy with RR 0.57 [95% CI: 0.37;0.89]. Conclusion The present study did not confirm the hypothesis that immediate cholecystectomy performed within 24 hours of admission may reduce post- operative complications. However, the finding of studies in which timing referred not to admission but to the onset of symptoms, allows to favour immediate cholecystectomy if performed within 72 hours of the onset of symptoms.
Systemic and topical administration of spermidine accelerates skin wound healing
Authors: Ito Daisuke , Ito Hiroyasu , Ideta Takayasu , Kanbe Ayumu , Ninomiya Soranobu , Shimizu Masahito 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background The skin wound healing process is regulated by various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Recent reports have demonstrated that spermine/spermidine (SPD) promote wound healing through urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)/uPA receptor (uPAR) signaling in vitro. Here, we investigated whether the systemic and topical administration of SPD would accelerate the skin wound-repair process in vivo.Methods A skin wound repair model was established using C57BL/6 J mice. SPD was mixed with white petrolatum for topical administration. For systemic administration, SPD mixed with drinking water was orally administered. Changes in wound size over time were calculated using digital photography.Results Systemic and topical SPD treatment significantly accelerated skin wound healing. The administration of SPD promoted the uPA/uPAR pathway in wound sites. Moreover, topical treatment with SPD enhanced the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in wound sites. Scratch and cell proliferation assays revealed that SPD administration accelerated scratch wound closure and cell proliferation in vitro.Conclusion These results indicate that treatment with SPD promotes skin wound healing through activation of the uPA/uPAR pathway and induction of the inflammatory response in wound sites. The administration of SPD might contribute to new effective treatments to accelerate skin wound healing.
CCNA2 Expression and Its Prognostic Significance in cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Jingjun , Liu Hairong , Chen Qinyang , Li Pengcheng , Chen Taiyu , Xu Lei , Ren Tao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Cholangiocarcinoma（CCA）is a rare malignancy and it has become a significant health burden worldwide. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the crucial correlation of immunophenotypic characteristics modifications in resected specimen of CCA. However, the accurate prognostic markers is still lacking in the prognosis of CCA. Methods: Gene expression profiles and clinical data of CCA were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus（GEO）database. GO and KEGG analysis were applied for differentially expressed genes in cholangiocarcinoma, and PPI network was constructed in Cytoscape software. The expression difference of Cyclin A2 (CCNA2) in CCA tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues was analyzed by R software and verified by comprehensive analysis. The relationship between CCNA2 expression and immune infiltration was assessed in the the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis were chosen to assess the effect of CCNA2 expression on survival. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to screen the signaling pathways involved in CCA between the low and the high CCNA2 expression group.Results: The expression of CCNA2 in CCA was significantly higher than that in adjacent cancerous tissues (P < 0.001) from the GEO database. The top 10 hub genes were mined by the Degree, MCC, and Closeness method​ based on the PPI network. CCNA2 was screened as the candidates to be further analyzed and validated. The Kaplan–Meier curves suggested that patients with high CCNA2 expression had a poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis showed that a high expression of CCNA2 was an important independent predictor of poor overall survival (P = 0.033). Cibersort analysis showed that the fraction of T cells CD4 (naive, P < 0.0001), T cells CD4 (memory, P = 0.0055), T cells (follicular, P = 0.0063), NK cells ( P = 0.0149), dendritic cells ( P = 0.029), neutrophils ( P = 0.0113) is significantly correlated with the expression of CCNA2, which highlighted the CCNA2 expression in immune infiltrates. GSEA indicated that 12 signaling pathways were evidently enriched in samples with the high-CCNA2 phenotype.Conclusions: CCNA2 might act as an oncogene in the progression of CCA and could be regarded as a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for CCA.
Frailty as a Predictor for Mortality Among Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Jiao Jing , Cao Jing , Huo Xiao-Peng , Zhu Chen , Wu Xinjuan , Xie Xiao-Hua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundA great number of studies have explored the association between frailty and mortality among COVID-19 patients, suggesting inconsistent results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesize the evidence on this issue. MethodsThree databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to 20th October, 2020 were conducted to search for relevant literature. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess quality bias, and STATA was employed to pool the effect size. Additionally, potential publication bias and sensitivity analysis was performed.ResultsThere are 11 studies that were included, with a total of 22105 COVID-19 patients for quantitative analysis. Overall, the pooled prevalence of frailty was 51% (95%CI:42%-60%). Patients infected with COVID-19 with frailty had an increased risk of mortality, compared to those without frailty, and the pooled HR was 2.27 (95%CI:1.79-2.89). In addition, subgroup analysis based on population showed that the pooled HR for hospitalized patients and nursing home residents was 2.24 (95%CI:1.74-2.89) and 2.95 (95%CI:1.19-7.32), respectively. Subgroup analysis using the frailty assessment tool indicated that this association still existed when using the clinical frailty scale (CFS)(HR=2.41;95%CI:1.60-3.62), frailty index(HR=2.95;95%CI:1.19-7.32), hospital frailty risk score (HR=1.96;95%CI:1.79-2.15) and palliative performance scale (HR= 2.89;95%CI:1.42-5.87). Conclusion﻿Our study indicates that frailty was an independent predictor for mortality among patients with COVID-19. Thus, frailty could be a prognostic factor for clinicians to stratify high-risk groups, and remind doctors and nurses to perform early screening and corresponding interventions urgently needed to reduce mortality rates in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.
A Case of a Male Patient with Frontotemporal Dementia with Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms Responding to a Low Dose of Escitalopram
Authors: Ikenouchi Atsuko , Seki Issei , Takaoka Kei , Murakami Sayuri , Okamoto Naomichi , Yoshimura Reiji 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a common type of early-onset dementia. It is characterized by insidious onset and gradual progression, early decline in social interpersonal conduct and regulation of personal conduct, early emotional blunting and loss of insight. Behavioral disorder, speech and language are supportive features in FTD. Here, we present a case of a patient with FTD with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) responding to escitalopram treatment.Case presentation: A 60-year-old Japanese man had been treated for early-onset Alzheimer-type dementia with galantamine (24 mg/day) for 5 years. He developed behavioral, executive and semantic deficits. He had stereotypical, compulsive behavior, eating habit changes, disinhibition, excitement, irritability and anxiety. His diagnosis changed to FTD based on clinical features and MRI and SPECT. Galantamine was tapered off, and escitalopram 5 mg/day was started and increased to 10 mg/day. The symptoms of FTD, including behavioral and psychological symptoms, were decreased.Conclusion: This case is the first report demonstrating that escitalopram might be effective for BPSD that accompany FTD.