bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of algorithms to identify adverse perinatal outcomes in the Medicaid Analytic Extract database
Authors: He Mengdong , Huybrechts Krista F. , Dejene Sara Z. , Straub Loreen , Bartels Devan , Burns Stacey , Combs David J. , Cottral Jennifer , Gray Kathryn J. , Manning‐Geist Beryl L. , Mogun Helen , Reimers Rebecca M. , Hernandez‐Diaz Sonia , Bateman Brian T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) is a health care utilization database from publicly insured individuals that has been used for studies of drug safety in pregnancy. Claims‐based algorithms for defining many important maternal and neonatal outcomes have not been validated.ObjectiveTo validate claims‐based algorithms for identifying selected pregnancy outcomes in MAX using hospital medical records.MethodsThe medical records of mothers who delivered between 2000 and 2010 within a single large healthcare system were linked to their claims in MAX. Claims‐based algorithms for placental abruption, preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, small for gestational age, and noncardiac congenital malformation were defined. Fifty randomly sampled cases for each outcome identified using these algorithms were selected, and their medical records were independently reviewed by two physicians to confirm the presence of the diagnosis of interest; disagreements were resolved by a third physician reviewer. Positive predictive values (PPVs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the claims‐based algorithms were calculated using medical records as the gold standard.ResultsThe linked cohort included 10,899 live‐birth pregnancies. The PPV was 92% (95% CI, 82%‐97%) for placental abruption, 82% (95% CI, 70%‐91%) for preeclampsia, 74% (95% CI, 61%‐85%) for postpartum hemorrhage, 92% (95% CI, 82%‐97%) for small for gestational age, and 86% (95% CI, 74%‐94%) for noncardiac congenital malformation.ConclusionsAcross the perinatal outcomes considered, PPVs ranged between 74% and 92%. These PPVs can inform bias analyses that correct for outcome misclassification.
Evaluating the performance of school psychologists: Current status and future directions with a 360‐degree evaluation process
Authors: Morrison Julie Q. , Hutchinson Courtney E. , Talapatra Devadrita 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this article is twofold: (a) to present the results of a study examining the current status of performance evaluations for school psychologist and (b) to use those findings to inform future directions. A content analysis of a national sample of 36 performance appraisal rubrics was conducted to examine their alignment with the professional standards established by the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP). Among the rubrics reviewed, 88.9% featured eight or more of the NASP domains of practice, yet only 56% of the rubrics featured all 10 domains, suggesting variability in the degree to which the rubrics aligned with the standards of practice, particularly for rubrics developed at the district‐level. The results of this study informed the development of a 360‐evaluation process based on the Framework for Personnel Evaluation of School Psychologists Utilizing the NASP Practice Model and Morrison's four key principles for evaluating the performance of school psychologists.
A Sensitive “Optical Nose” for Detection of Volatile Organic Molecules Based on Au@MOFs Nanoparticle Arrays through Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Men Dandan , Feng Sujuan , Liu Guangqiang , Hang Lifeng , Zhang Tao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an effective technique for detecting toxic gas and volatile organic molecules (VOMs); however, recent SERS‐based gas sensors have disadvantages and lack an effective approach to capture toxic gas and insufficient reproducibility of SERS substrates. Herein, a facile strategy is developed to integrate metal‐organic frameworks with Au nanoparticle (NP) arrays to form Au@ZIF‐8 NP arrays, which can be used as an “optical nose” based on SERS to detect toxic VOMs with good reproducibility and sensitivity. Toluene as a target molecule is recognized at ppm levels by the Au@ZIF‐8 NP arrays in situ. And the analytical enhancement factor of Au@ZIF‐8 NP arrays for toluene is about 1.2 × 105. Importantly, this SERS substrate can also detect the 1‐butanol molecule, which provides an idea for designing a universal VOM sensor. In addition, the coating method of the ZIF‐8 shell can be extended to synthetize various NPs@ZIF‐8 core–shell composites, such as Au nanospheres@ZIF‐8, Au@Ag nanorods@ZIF‐8, PS microspheres@ZIF‐8, and Fe2O3 microellipsoids@ZIF‐8 composites.
Multifunctionalized Polyamides Prepared by Facile Ugi Reaction as Thermosensitive, Biocompatible and Antibacterial Biomaterials
Authors: Liu Na , Fu Congcong , Zhang Qi , Zhao Ronghui , Sun Zhuxing , Zhang Pengfei , Ding Lan , Deng Kuilin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of multifunctionalized polyamides were facilely prepared by Ugi four‐component polymerization (Ugi‐4CP) in one‐pot method at room temperature using several diacids, aldehydes, 1,4 bis‐(3‐aminopropyl) piperazine and tert‐butyl isocyanide as monomers. The simple combination of monomers in Ugi‐4CP led to formation of nine thermosensitive polyamides in water, and their lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) were in range of 13.1‐70.1°C. The LCSTs for the subsequently‐quaternized polyamides (PBA‐800‐Br, PIA‐800‐Br and PCA‐800‐Br) were easily readjusted to the desired value in the inorganic salt solutions. PBA‐800‐Br and PIA‐800‐Br exhibited high antibacterial activity against Gram negative E. coli and Gram positive S. aureus. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) manifested the clear internalization into the cellular inside for the fluorescent molecule‐labelled polyamides. After 24–72 hours of incubation in polyamide solution, the viability rate of HeLa cells reached up to 80–141%, indicating the excellent biocompatibility. In conclusion, the thermosensitive, antibacterial and biocompatible polyamides have great potential to be used as biomaterials.
Guidelines for evaluating bug‐assignment research
Authors: Sajedi‐Badashian Ali , Stroulia Eleni 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBug assignment is the task of ranking candidate developers in terms of their potential competence to fix a bug report. Numerous methods have been developed to address this task, relying on different methodological assumptions and demonstrating their effectiveness with a variety of empirical studies with numerous data sets and evaluation criteria. Despite the importance of the subject and the attention it has received from researchers, there is still no unanimity on how to validate and comparatively evaluate bug‐assignment methods and, often times, methods reported in the literature are not reproducible.In this paper, we first report on our systematic review of the broad bug‐assignment research field. Next, we focus on a few key empirical studies and review their choices with respect to three important experimental‐design parameters, namely, the evaluation metric(s) they report, their definition of who the real assignee is, and the community of developers they consider as candidate assignees.The substantial variability on these criteria led us to formulate a systematic experiment to explore the impact of these choices. We conducted our experiment on a comprehensive data set of bugs we collected from 13 long‐term open‐source projects, using a simple Tf‐IDf similarity metric. On the basis of our arguments and/or experiments, we provide useful guidelines for performing further bug‐assignment research. We conclude that mean average precision (MAP) is the most informative evaluation metric, the developer community should be defined as “all the project members,” and the real assignee should be defined as “any developer who worked toward fixing a bug.”
Mitigation of radiation‐induced hematopoietic system injury by melatonin
Authors: Amini Peyman , Ashrafizadeh Milad , Motevaseli Elahe , Najafi Masoud , Shirazi Alireza 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncreased risks of exposure to accidental radiation events are a concern in today's world. Radiation terror, nuclear explosion, as well as accidental exposure to radioactive sources in some industries pose a threat to the life of exposed persons. Studies have been conducted using some low‐toxic agents to mitigate radiation toxicity and increase survival probability for exposed people. In the current study, we aimed to show the mitigation of radiation‐induced mortality and bone marrow toxicity using postirradiation treatment with melatonin.MethodMice whole bodies were exposed to 4 or 7 Gy radiation followed by treatment with melatonin after 24 hours. Survival of mice with or without melatonin, the levels of peripheral cells, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β and 8‐hydroxy‐2' ‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in the bone marrow, as well as the expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 and NOX4 in bone marrow cells were evaluated.ResultsWhole body irradiation led to mortality 30 days after irradiation. However, melatonin treatment reduced mortality. Irradiation also showed severe reduction of lymphocytes, platelets, and red blood cells. The expressions of NOX2 and NOX4, in addition to TGF‐β level, were increased after exposure to radiation. Melatonin ameliorated the increased levels of these factors and improved the number of blood cells.ConclusionsMelatonin showed ability to mitigate radiation‐induced hematopoietic system toxicity and also increased survival rate. These results suggest that melatonin could be a potential mitigator for accidental radiation events.
Generalised μ-τ symmetries and calculable gauge kinetic and mass mixing in $$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$ models
Authors: Joshipura Anjan S. , Mahajan Namit , Patel Ketan M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Extensions of the standard model with a U(1) gauge symmetry contain gauge invariant kinetic mixing, sin χ, and gauge non-invariant mass mixing, δM2, between the hypercharge and the new gauge boson Z′. These represent a priori incalculable but phe- nomenologically important parameters of the theory. They become calculable if there exist spontaneously or softly broken symmetries which forbid them at tree level but allow their generation at the loop level. We discuss various symmetries falling in this category in the context of the gauged Lμ − Lτ models and their interplay with lepton mixing. It is shown that one gets phenomenologically inconsistent lepton mixing parameters if these symmetries are exact. Spontaneous breaking of these symmetries can lead to consistent lepton mixing and also generates finite and calculable values of these parameters at one or two loop order depending on the underlying symmetry. We calculate these parameters in two specific cases: (i) the standard seesaw model with μ-τ symmetry broken by the masses of the right-handed neutrinos and (ii) in a model containing a pair of vectorlike charged leptons which break μ-τ symmetry. In case (i), the right-handed neutrinos are the only source of gauge mixing. The kinetic mixing parameters are suppressed and vanish if the right-handed neutrinos decouple from the theory. In contrast, there exists a finite gauge mixing in case (ii) which survives even when the masses of vectorlike leptons are taken to infinity, exhibiting non-decoupling behaviour. The seesaw model discussed here represents a complete framework with practically no kinetic mixing and hence can survive a large number of experimental probes used to rule out specific ranges in the coupling g′ and mass $$ {M}_{Z^{\prime }} $$

M

Z
′

. The model can generate non-universality in tau decays, which can be tested in future experiments.
CTBTO’s Data and Analysis Pertaining to the Search for the Missing Argentine Submarine ARA San Juan
Authors: Nielsen Peter L. , Zampolli Mario , Le Bras Ronan , Mialle Pierrick , Bittner Paulina , Poplavskiy Alexander , Rozhkov Mikhail , Haralabus Georgios , Tomuta Elena , Bell Randy , Grenard Patrick , Taylor Tammy , Özel Nurcan Meral 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Argentine submarine ARA (Armada de la República Argentina) San Juan went missing on November 15th, 2017, with its last confirmed contact location around 600 kilometres East of Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina. In the days following the initiation of the multi-national search and rescue mission, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) analysed data recorded by its International Monitoring System (IMS) sensor network for any signals that could support this effort. Two of the IMS hydrophone stations, HA10 in the central Atlantic Ocean and HA04 in the southern Indian Ocean, were found to have recorded an unusual hydroacoustic signal of unknown nature (a “hydroacoustic anomaly”), which originated from the vicinity of the last known location of the ARA San Juan. On December 1st, 2017, confirmation of the detection and localization capability of the IMS network was made possible by a calibration test involving a depth charge deployed by the Argentine Navy. Also this signal was detected by the two IMS hydrophone stations and its origin located to within 39 km of the announced deployment location. After extended search operations, on November 17th, 2018, the ARA San Juan was found on the seabed at approximately 900 metres depth less than 20 km from the location of the hydroacoustic anomaly provided by CTBTO. This paper presents the methodologies applied by CTBTO within months after the loss of the submarine, aimed at detecting, locating and characterizing the November 15th signal of unknown origin and the December 1st calibration explosion.
Freshening rather than warming drives trematode transmission from periwinkles to mussels
Authors: Bommarito Claudia , Pansch Christian , Khosravi Maral , Pranovi Fabio , Wahl Martin , Thieltges David W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the Western Baltic Sea, climate change is happening at much faster rate than in most other seas and organisms are additionally exposed to a steep and variable salinity gradient. Climate change has previously been shown to affect parasite transmission in other marine ecosystems, yet little is known about potential effects of warming and desalination on parasite–host interactions. In laboratory experiments, we determined the combined effects of projected seawater warming and freshening on the emergence, activity, survival, and infectivity of cercariae (free-swimming infectious stage) of the trematode Himasthla elongata (Mehlis 1831), shed from its first intermediate host, the periwinkle Littorina littorea (Linnaeus 1758), in the Baltic Sea. We also assessed the susceptibility of the second intermediate host, the mussel Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758, to cercarial infections. Generally, salinity was the main driver, particularly of cercarial activity, infectivity, and mussel susceptibility to infection. At the lowest salinity (13), cercariae were 50% less active compared to the highest salinity (19). Infection success and host susceptibility followed a similar pattern, with 47% and 43% less metacercariae (encysted stage) present at salinity 13 than at salinity 19, respectively. In contrast, effects of simulated warming were found only for cercarial survival, with cercarial longevity being higher at 19 than at 23 °C. No significant interactions between temperature and salinity were found. In contrast to the literature, the results suggest that a climate change-driven freshening (partly also warming) may lead to a general decline of marine trematodes, with possible beneficial effects for the involved hosts.
Biotransformation of bisphenol A analogues by the biphenyl-degrading bacterium Cupriavidus basilensis - a structure-biotransformation relationship
Authors: Zühlke Marie-Katherin , Schlüter Rabea , Mikolasch Annett , Henning Ann-Kristin , Giersberg Martin , Lalk Michael , Kunze Gotthard , Schweder Thomas , Urich Tim , Schauer Frieder 
Published: March 2020

AbstractComparative analyses determined the relationship between the structure of bisphenol A (BPA) as well as of seven bisphenol analogues (bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol C (BPC), bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol Z (BPZ), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol PH (BPPH)) and their biotransformability by the biphenyl-degrading bacterium Cupriavidus basilensis SBUG 290. All bisphenols were substrates for bacterial transformation with conversion rates ranging from 6 to 98% within 216 h and 36 different metabolites were characterized. Transformation by biphenyl-grown cells comprised four different pathways: (a) formation of ortho-hydroxylated bisphenols, hydroxylating either one or both phenols of the compounds; (b) ring fission; (c) transamination followed by acetylation or dimerization; and (d) oxidation of ring substituents, such as methyl groups and aromatic ring systems, present on the 3-position. However, the microbial attack of bisphenols by C. basilensis was limited to the phenol rings and its substituents, while substituents on the carbon bridge connecting the rings were not oxidized. All bisphenol analogues with modifications at the carbon bridge could be oxidized up to ring cleavage, while substituents at the 3-position of the phenol ring other than hydroxyl groups did not allow this reaction. Replacing one methyl group at the carbon bridge of BPA by a hydrophobic aromatic or alicyclic ring system inhibited both dimerization and transamination followed by acetylation. While most of the bisphenol analogues exhibited estrogenic activity, four biotransformation products tested were not estrogenically active.
Prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis in a Chinese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Huang Chuyao , Huang Hetao , Pan Jian-ke , Zeng Ling-feng , Luo Ming-hui , Liang Gui-hong , Yang Wei-yi , Liu Jun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common inflammatory rheumatic disease that affects the axial skeleton. In this study, we systematically reviewed Chinese AS epidemiological studies from the past 15 years to elucidate its prevalence and provide scientific data for China’s health care system. AS epidemiological research in China was summarized by conducting a literature review. A review and statistical analysis of the literature on the epidemiology of AS in mainland China published from May 2005 to May 2019 were performed via a meta-analysis. We calculated the prevalence of AS and analysed differences by sex, region, and population source using STATA12.0 software. Eleven papers including 122,558 subjects from mainland China were included. Over the past 15 years, the total prevalence of AS in mainland China was 0.29% (95% CI 0.22–0.35%), ranging from 0.42% (95% CI 0.31–0.52%) in males to 0.15% (95% CI 0.13–0.18%) in females; the difference in the prevalence of AS by sex was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The prevalence of AS in both southern and northern China was 0.31% (95% CI 0.21–0.42% and 0.21–0.40%, respectively), with no significant difference noted (P = 0.816 > 0.005). The prevalence of AS in Chinese military populations was 0.27% (95% CI 0.09–0.45%), and in community populations, it was 0.29% (95% CI 0.23–0.35%). There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of AS by sampling resource (P = 0.115 > 0.005). The prevalence of AS in China was 0.29% and continues to increase. Sex differences in its prevalence were identified; the prevalence rate was 2.8 times higher in males than in females. Epidemiologists in China should formulate precise scientific investigations to provide additional authoritative epidemiological data for the prevention and treatment of AS.
Detecting scaphoid fractures in wrist injury: a clinical decision rule
Authors: Mallee Wouter H. , Walenkamp M. M. J. , Mulders M. A. M. , Goslings J. C. , Schep N. W. L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this study was to develop and validate an easy to use clinical decision rule, applicable in the ED that limits the number of unnecessary cast immobilizations and diagnostic follow-up in suspected scaphoid injury, without increasing the risk of missing fractures.

Methods
A prospective multicenter study was conducted that consisted of three components: (1) derivation of a clinical prediction model for detecting scaphoid fractures in adult patients following wrist trauma; (2) internal validation of the model; (3) design of a clinical decision rule. The predictors used were: sex, age, swelling of the anatomic snuffbox, tenderness in the anatomic snuffbox, scaphoid tubercle tenderness, painful ulnar deviation and painful axial thumb compression. The outcome measure was the presence of a scaphoid fracture, diagnosed on either initial radiographs or during re-evaluation after 1–2 weeks or on additional imaging (radiographs/MRI/CT). After multivariate logistic regression analysis and bootstrapping, the regression coefficient for each significant predictor was calculated. The effect of the rule was determined by calculating the number of missed scaphoid fractures and reduction of suspected fractures that required a cast.

Results
A consecutive series of 893 patients with acute wrist injury was included. Sixty-eight patients (7.6%) were diagnosed with a scaphoid fracture. The final prediction rule incorporated sex, swelling of the anatomic snuffbox, tenderness in the anatomic snuffbox, painful ulnar deviation and painful axial thumb compression. Internal validation of the prediction rule showed a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 20%. Using this rule, a 15% reduction in unnecessary immobilization and imaging could be achieved with a 50% decreased risk of missing a fracture compared with current clinical practice.

Conclusions
This dataset provided a simple clinical decision rule for scaphoid fractures following acute wrist injury that limits unnecessary immobilization and imaging with a decreased risk of missing a fracture compared to current clinical practice.

Clinical prediction rule
1/(1 + EXP (−(0.649662618 × if man) + (0.51353467826 × if swelling anatomic snuffbox) + (−0.79038263985 × if painful palpation anatomic snuffbox) + (0.57681198857 × if painful ulnar deviation) + (0.66499549728 × if painful thumb compression)−1.685).

Trial registration
Trial register NTR 2544, www.trialregister.nl.
Genetic diversity of Fasciola hepatica in Austria
Authors: Husch Christian , Sattmann Helmut , Haefeli Iveta , Prosl Heinrich , Walochnik Julia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe worldwide occurring common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica can infect humans and animals and leads to considerable illness and economic loss annually. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of F. hepatica in Austria. In total, 31 adult flukes isolated from cattle from various regions in Austria were investigated for their cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) gene sequences. It was shown that Austrian isolates of F. hepatica reveal extensive genetic diversity. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first data on the diversity of F. hepatica in Austria.