bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the appropriacy of Ritual Frame Indicating Expressions (RFIEs): A case study of learners of Chinese and English
Authors: House Juliane , Kádár Dániel Z. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the evaluation of ritual frame indicating expressions (RFIEs) in two groups of L2 learners: British English learners of Chinese and Mainland Chinese learners of English. RFIEs are expressions by means of which speakers confirm their awareness of rights and obligations in a particular standard situation. Previous research in applied linguistics has largely ignored the production and evaluation of such forms, despite the fact that they are pragmatically-loaded and, as such, are very important for the development of the (meta)pragmatic competence of L2 learners. In our study, we have conducted an experiment in which we exposed our learners to both authentic and constructed uses of RFIEs. The evaluation of their (meta)pragmatic competence has revealed notable linguacultural differences between the two groups of L2 learners.
Two-dimensional spectroscopy on a THz quantum cascade structure
Authors: Markmann Sergej , Franckié Martin , Pal Shovon , Stark David , Beck Mattias , Fiebig Manfred , Scalari Giacomo , Faist Jérôme 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnderstanding and controlling the nonlinear optical properties and coherent quantum evolution of complex multilevel systems out of equilibrium is essential for the new semiconductor device generation. In this work, we investigate the nonlinear system properties of an unbiased quantum cascade structure by performing two-dimensional THz spectroscopy. We study the time-resolved coherent quantum evolution after it is driven far from equilibrium by strong THz pulses and demonstrate the existence of multiple nonlinear signals originating from the engineered subbands and find the lifetimes of those states to be in the order of 4–8 ps. Moreover, we observe a coherent population exchange among the first four intersubband levels during the relaxation, which have been confirmed with our simulation. We model the experimental results with a time-resolved density matrix based on the master equation in Lindblad form, including both coherent and incoherent transitions between all density matrix elements. This allows us to replicate qualitatively the experimental observations and provides access to their microscopic origin.
Evidentiality of court judgments in the People’s Republic of China: A semiotic perspective
Authors: Wu Jingjing , Cheng Le 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHuman cognition affects the result of symbolic activity. Evidentiality is a linguistic concept which encodes the source of information and expresses the attitude and confidence of speaker. This paper collects 31 judgments from the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) and local people’s courts in the People’s Republic of China (P.R.C) as the research corpus, and analyzes the evidentiality in four aspects: information source, lingual form, evidential function and speaker’s attitude of the information. It is found in this study that: 1) The information sources are divided into four types as cultural belief, sensory experience, verbal rumor and inferential hypothesis; 2) Lingual form consists of three categories: vocabulary, phrase and compound sentence; 3) Evidentiality in court judgments performs four functions: support with citation, induction with description, paraphrase with less responsibility and summarization with reasoning; 4) The reliability of evidentiality presents a two-tier structure based on different information sources. From the perspective of Peirce’s semiotics, the paper analyzes the judicial practice of court judgments with actual data and proposes some suggestions.
The past is not a foreign country: mapping past and present in two medieval Irish texts
Authors: Künzler Sarah 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Irland ist reich an prähistorischen und mittelalterlichen Monumentalstätten. Diese sind in der mittelalterlichen irischen Literatur oft mit Konzeptionen verschiedener Vergangenheitsvorstellungen verbunden. Der vorliegende Aufsatz präsentiert close readings zweier Texte, des Félire Oengusso Céli Dé (ca. 800 AD) und des Acallam na Senórach (13. Jahrhundert). Die Analyse skizziert narrativ-kognitive geographies of power, die im Zusammenhang mit Monumentalstätten stehen, analysiert deren dezidiert temporale Elemente und zeigt alternative literaturanalytische Zugänge auf. Besonders beachtet werden die komplexen Beziehungen von christlichen und vorchristlichen Stätten und die narrativen Strategien vormoderner Texte, kulturelle Identität sowohl räumlich als auch zeitlich zu verankern.
Elaeocarpus floribundus Bl. seeds as a new source of bioactive compounds with promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Ogundele Ayorinde V. , Haldar Saikat , Yadav Archana , Das Archana M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The fruits of Elaeocarpus floribundus Bl. (Elaeocarpaceae) are edible and are normally prescribed for treatment of diseases. The medicinal uses of the fruit create considerable quantities of seeds as wastes. In an attempt to valorise this biomass, we studied the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the ethanolic seed extract. The extract inhibited the growth of the tested pathogens and was also a very strong scavenger of DPPH free radicals. Consequently, the extract was phytochemically investigated and this study reports the initial isolation of five phenolic compounds from this source. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectra analyses including HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The isolated compounds exhibited a wide range of antimicrobial activities against the tested pathogens. Gallic acid (4) showed the most activity against Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 30 µg/mL, while the MIC values of the antimicrobial standards range between 10 and 35 µg/mL. Compound 4, crude ethanolic extract, and the ethyl acetate fraction were more a potent free radical scavenger of DPPH compared to ascorbic acid. Hence, the seeds of E. floribundus could be considered as a new source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical and food-related industries.
Health status is related to testosterone, estrone and body fat: moving to functional hypogonadism in adult men with HIV
Authors: De Vincentis Sara , Decaroli Maria Chiara , Fanelli Flaminia , Diazzi Chiara , Mezzullo Marco , Morini Fabio , Bertani Davide , Milic Jovana , Carli Federica , Cuomo Gianluca , Santi Daniele , Tartaro Giulia , Tagliavini Simonetta , De Santis Maria Cristina , Roli Laura , Trenti Tommaso , Pagotto Uberto , Guaraldi Giovanni , Rochira Vincenzo 
Published: October 2020

Objective
Hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected men. The relationship between health status, sex steroids and body composition is poorly known in HIV. The aim was to investigate the association between health status (comorbidities/frailty), body composition, and gonadal function in young-to-middle-aged HIV-infected men.

Design
Prospective, cross-sectional, observational study.

Methods
HIV-infected men aged <50 years and ongoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy were enrolled. Serum total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E2), estrone (E1) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, LH and FSH by immunoassay. Free testosterone (cFT) was calculated by Vermeulen equation. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and abdominal CT scan. Multimorbidity (MM) and frailty were defined as ≥3 comorbidities and by a 37-item index, respectively.

Results
A total of 316 HIV-infected men aged 45.3 ± 5.3 years were enrolled. Body fat parameters were inversely related to cFT and TT, and directly related to E1 and E2/testosterone (TS) ratio. Patients with MM had lower cFT (P < 0.0001) and TT (P = 0.036), and higher E1 (P < 0.0001) and E2/TS ratio (P = 0.002). Frailty was inversely related to cFT (R2 = 0.057, P < 0.0001) and TT (R2 = 0.013, P = 0.043), and directly related to E1 (R2 = 0.171, P < 0.0001), E2 (R2 = 0.041, P = 0.004) and E2/TS ratio (R2 = 0.104, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Lower TT and cFT, higher E1, E2/TS ratio and visceral fat were independently associated to poor health status and frailty, being possible hallmarks of unhealthy conditions in adult HIV-infected men. Overall, MM, frailty and body fat mass are strictly associated to each other and to sex steroids, concurring together to functional male hypogonadism in HIV.
The cardiac complications of COVID-19: many publications, multiple uncertainties
Authors: Al-Mohammad Abdallah , Partridge David G , Fent Graham , Watson Oliver , Lewis Nigel T , Storey Robert F , Makris Michael , Chico Timothy J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Since the first description of COVID-19 in December 2019, more than 63,000 publications have described its virology, clinical course, management, treatment and prevention. Most physicians are now encountering, or will soon encounter, patients with COVID-19 and must attempt to simultaneously assimilate this avalanche of information while managing an entirely novel disease with few guiding precedents. It is increasingly clear that, although primarily a respiratory illness, COVID-19 is associated with cardiovascular complications. However, the true incidence of direct cardiac complications remains unclear, as all complications thus far reported can also occur in patients without COVID-19. In this review, we briefly summarise and critically appraise the data on cardiac complications associated with COVID-19 and describe some cases from our own experience. We identify unresolved questions and highlight the many uncertainties in this developing field.
Hmx3a Has Essential Functions in Zebrafish Spinal Cord, Ear and Lateral Line Development
Authors: England Samantha J , Cerda Gustavo A , Kowalchuk Angelica , Sorice Taylor , Grieb Ginny , Lewis Katharine E 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTranscription factors that contain a homeodomain DNA-binding domain have crucial functions in most aspects of cellular function and embryonic development in both animals and plants. Hmx proteins are a subfamily of NK homeodomain-containing proteins that have fundamental roles in development of sensory structures such as the eye and the ear. However, Hmx functions in spinal cord development have not been analyzed. Here, we show that zebrafish (Danio rerio) hmx2 and hmx3a are coexpressed in spinal dI2 and V1 interneurons, whereas hmx3b, hmx1, and hmx4 are not expressed in spinal cord. Using mutational analyses, we demonstrate that, in addition to its previously reported role in ear development, hmx3a is required for correct specification of a subset of spinal interneuron neurotransmitter phenotypes, as well as correct lateral line progression and survival to adulthood. Surprisingly, despite similar expression patterns of hmx2 and hmx3a during embryonic development, zebrafish hmx2 mutants are viable and have no obviously abnormal phenotypes in sensory structures or neurons that require hmx3a. In addition, embryos homozygous for deletions of both hmx2 and hmx3a have identical phenotypes to severe hmx3a single mutants. However, mutating hmx2 in hypomorphic hmx3a mutants that usually develop normally, results in abnormal ear and lateral line phenotypes. This suggests that while hmx2 cannot compensate for loss of hmx3a, it does function in these developmental processes, although to a much lesser extent than hmx3a. More surprisingly, our mutational analyses suggest that Hmx3a may not require its homeodomain DNA-binding domain for its roles in viability or embryonic development.
Cross-linguistic Metaphorical Representation of the #MeToo Movement: Communicating Attitudes
Authors: Cibulskienė Jurga 
Published: October 2020

The article focuses on the metaphorical conceptualisation of the #MeToo movement, which has spread virally as a hashtag used on social media in an attempt to demonstrate the widespread prevalence of sexual assault and harassment. The #MeToo movement as a social issue is looked at from the perspective of Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) (Charteris-Black 2005/2011, 2014, Musolff 2004, 2016, Koller 2014, De Landtsheer 2009, Hart 2010). CMA is a blend of Cognitive Metaphor Theory and Critical Discourse Analysis that aims at identifying how metaphors are used to describe socially contested issues and how they reveal speakers’ hidden intentions and attitudes (Charteris-Black, 2014, p. 174). CMA is also concerned with the different functions metaphors may perform. A predicative function, being one of many, is most likely to explain how socially sensitive issues are communicated (Charteris-Black, 2014, pp. 204-207; Musolff, 2016, p. 4). In other words, it implies positive or negative attitudes expressed towards certain issues. Thus, the paper aims to study how the predicative function of metaphor manifests in the discourse of contemporary social concerns cross-linguistically and cross-culturally. In other words, the paper looks into how different attitudes towards the #MeToo movement are communicated via metaphors in Lithuanian and English media and how they shape prevailing public attitudes.
The Doomsday Scenario Depicted by Frau Ava: The Question of Sources
Authors: Burov Aleksej 
Published: October 2020

The present article explores an excerpt depicting the scenario of the last days in the poem Das Jüngste Gericht (Eng. The Last Judgement), written by the first-named German female writer Frau Ava (circa 1060–1127). The study addresses the question of sources used in the depiction of the end times in the excerpt under consideration (lines 1–160). The study does not question the affinity between the scenes of the last days illustrated in the excerpt and the apocalyptic plot of the Latin texts of Pseudo-Beda (the turn of the 12th century) and Petrus Daminanus (1006–1072); however, it is assumed that Frau Ava may have drawn not only on the aforementioned Latin sources but also on the apocalyptic song Muspilli, written by an anonymous author circa 870. The analysis of the excerpt suggests that the apocalyptic narrative of Muspilli may have shaped the scene of the fifteenth day illustrated in the poem The Last Judgement. Moreover, Frau Ava, unlike Pseudo-Beda and Petrus Daminanus, does not refer to St. Jerome as a source of information but to wisten (Eng. wise men). As no evidence of other German apocalyptic texts referring to wise men, except for Muspilli, can be found, the study concludes that depicting the scenario of the last days in her poem, in addition to the Latin texts, Frau Ava used the song Muspilli as her source.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN ECIRR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Kurniawati Lia , Masruro Umi , Afidah Afidah 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research was analyze students’ mathematical critical thinking skills using ECIRR strategy. The Reseacrh was conducted at one of Islamic schools in the city of Tangerang Selatan.. Method of the research used quasi experiment method with posttest-only control group design. The samples are 53 students, they are 26 students in experimental group and 27 student in control group that chosen by cluster sampling technique. The collecting data of students’ mathematical critical thinking skills used by test instrument. The result of this research shown that students’ mathematical critical thinking skills who are taught by ECIRR strategy is higher than students who are taught by conventional strategy. Means of mathematical critical thinking skills of students’ who are taught by ECIRR strategy had skill of analyze the argument amounting to 84.62, draw a conclusion amounting to 68.27, identify assumptions amounting to 73.08, and decide an action amounting to 40,38. As for students’ who are taught by conventional strategy had skill of analyze the argument amounting to 85.19, draw a conclusion amounting to 44.91, identify assumptions amounting to 24.07, and decide an action amounting to 23.15. The conclusion of this research that ECIRR strategy have a significant effect on students’ mathematical critical thinking skills.
Pharmacological preconditioning — a new method of prevention and correction of hemodynamic disorders in elderly patients with hip fractures during surgery
Authors: Vasilkov V. G. , Marinchev V. N. , Emelina N. G. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose of study. The problem of the safety of elderly patients with hip fractures during surgery is discussed in with article. Various types of anesthesia (general or regional) have both direct and indirect eﬀects on hemodynamic parameters.
Patients and methods. 210 patients were examined and divided into 3 groups according to type of anaesthesia: spinal, epidural and general anaesthesia based on propofol and sevoﬂurane with caudal block. In each of the groups are used diﬀerent infusion preload solution (Ringers solution, Mafusol, Kardioksipin) before anesthesia care. The object of research is the central hemodynamics BP, HR, CO, SI and SVR. Results were recorded at several stages of operation and anesthesia.
Results and сonclusion. The data, results of one investigation characterizes positively inﬂuence antihypoxants- antioxidants in combination with a combined method of anesthesia on central hemodynamics in the analyzed groups of patients.
Dispensing errors in community pharmacies in the United Arab Emirates: investigating incidence, types, severity, and causes
Authors: Mohamed Ibrahim Osama , Ibrahim Rana M. , Al Meslamani Ahmad Z. , Al Mazrouei Nadia 
Published: October 2020

Background: Medication dispensing is a fundamental function of community pharmacies, and errors that occur during the dispensing process are a major threat to patient safety. However, to date there has been no national study of medication dispensing errors in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Objective: The study aimed to investigate the incidence, types, clinical significance, causes and predictors of medication dispensing errors.
Methods: The study was conducted in randomly selected community pharmacies (n=350) across all regions of UAE over six months using a mixed-method approach, incorporating prospective disguised observation of dispensing errors and interviews with pharmacists regarding the causes of errors. A multidisciplinary committee, which included an otolaryngologist, a general practitioner and a clinical pharmacist, evaluated the severity of errors. SPSS (Version 26) was used for data analysis.
Results: The overall rate of medication dispensing errors was 6.7% (n=30912/ 464222), of which 2.6% (n=12274/464222) were prescription-related errors and 4.1% (n= 18638/464222) pharmacist counselling errors. The most common type of prescription-related errors was wrong quantity (30.0%), whereas the most common pharmacist counselling error was wrong drug (32.1%). The majority of errors were caused by medicine replaced with near expire one (24.7%) followed by look-alike/sound-alike drugs (22.3%). The majority of errors were moderate (46.8%) and minor (44.5%); 8.7% were serious errors. Predictors of medication dispensing errors were: grade A pharmacies (dispensing  60 prescriptions a day (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.4-3.6; p=0.03) and prescriptions containing ≥4 medication orders (OR 2.5; 95%CI 1.7-4.3; p=0.01).
Conclusions: Medication dispensing errors are common in the UAE and our findings can be generalised and considered as a reference to launch training programmes on safe medication dispensing practice.
La minga como imaginario social. Una mirada a la pedagogía de resiliencia indígena en Colombia
Authors: Mora García José Pascual , Correa Alfonso José 
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo abordar la minga como una de las manifestaciones sociales enmarcadas en la cultura de la resistencia indígena en Colombia. La propuesta es original por cuanto recupera para la historia de la educación una práctica ancestral, expresión de una actividad pedagógica colectiva que forma parte de las enseñanzas de numerosos pueblos indígenas andinos de Colombia que se reúnen para levantar edificaciones, preparar o cultivar terrenos, o recolectar cosechas; en nuestro caso, queremos presentarla como una forma de resistencia social, de defensa de sus derechos democráticos y de presentación de iniciativas frente al Acuerdo de Paz. Metodológicamente, es una investigación documental que se fundamenta en las epistemologías del sur y la tradición de la Escuela de los Annales, los historiadores marxistas británicos y las pedagogías alternativas[1]. De todo lo cual se concluye que la recuperación de los imaginarios ancestrales a través de la minga hace que sea posible potenciar la Pedagogía de Resiliencia para la Paz.

[1] José Pascual Mora García, “Aproximación a las pedagogías alternativas: de la pedagogía de la diversidad a las pedagogías de la resiliencia en el marco del postacuerdo”, Revista Historia de la Educación Colombiana vol. 22, n.o 22 (2019). https://doi.org/10.22267/rhec.192222.51
La deidad fingida. Antonio Margil y la religiosidad quiché del 1704
Authors: Dupiech-Cavaleri Daniele , Ruz Mario Humberto 
Published: October 2020

Hace apenas cinco años, Carmelo Saenz de Santa María publicaba un documento del Archivo General de Indias, Sevilla, que contenía una serie de certificaciones pedidas por el famoso franciscano Antonio Margil de Jesús sobre sus actividades misionales en la provincia de Suchitepéquez, Guatemala (1704), y las actividades idolátricas que descubrió durante ellas. El documento en cuestión se reve1ó como una valiosa fuente para los interesados en la religiosidad maya colonial, pues no sólo da cuenta de la persistencia de creencias y actitudes prehispánicas a casi 200 años de la conquista, sino que hacia evidente la transculturación para entonces sufrida en el ámbito religioso permitiendo comprender algunos puntos y mecanismos claves del llamado "sincretismo" que en tal aspecto muestran hoy en día los grupos mayanses. No obstante, la brevedad y estilo del texto -propios de una certificación con visos oficiales- no posibilitaron mas que un acercamiento superficial a varios de los aspectos allí tratados.
Representasi Biblioterapi Dalam Serial Televisi When Calls The Heart
Authors: Hapsari Maya Pradhipta 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui representasi biblioterapi dalam serial televisi When Calls The Heart sebagai sarana pembelajaran karena televisi merupakan media yang sangat berpengaruh dalam penyebaran nilai-nilai dalam masyarakat termasuk literasi dan budaya baca. Representasi ini mencakup tahapan-tahapan yang terdiri dari kesiapan, seleksi buku, memperkenalkan buku, dan strategi tindak lanjut yang ditambah dengan hasil yang dicapai dari biblioterapi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode analisis semiotika dengan unit analisis teks-teks berupa narasidan gambar dalam satu episode When Calls The Heart yang ditetapkan sebagai objek penelitian, yang berkaitan dengan praktik biblioterapi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa dalam serial televisi When Calls The Heart, bibliografi direpresentasikan dalam adegan-adegan antara guru yang bertindak sebagai terapis dengan muridnya yang bermasalah sebagai klien mulai dari kesiapan hingga strategi tindak lanjut hingga akhirnya memperoleh hasil yang diharapkan dari tujuan biblioterapi.