bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prävention berufsbedingter Erkrankungen durch Lehrkräfte
Authors: Wilke Annika , Hansen Andreas , Ludewig Michaela , Rocholl Marc , John Swen Malte 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Aufgrund ihrer technischen Eigenschaften werden Epoxidharze (Kunstharze) in vielen Berufen eingesetzt. Wegen ihres hohen Allergiepotenzials ist ein adäquates Hautschutzverhalten bei der Verarbeitung von hoher Bedeutung. Lehrkräfte an Berufsschulen können als Multiplikator*innen fungieren, damit Auszubildende bereits beim Erlernen eines Berufs die notwendigen Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten erwerben und Hautschutz als selbstverständlichen Teil der Arbeitsroutinen internalisieren.

Ziel der Arbeit
Das konzeptionelle Projekt „EpoxSafe@School“ zielte darauf ab, Unterrichtsmaterialien zur Prävention epoxidharzbedingter Hauterkrankungen für die Berufsschule zu entwickeln, die auf dem wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisstand basieren und an die Bedürfnisse von Lehrkräften angepasst sind.

Material und Methoden
Im Projektverlauf wurden die Anforderungen und Bedürfnisse von Lehrkräften an durch fremde Personen erstellte Unterrichtsmaterialien im Rahmen von zwei Fokusgruppendiskussionen erhoben. Die Ergebnisse wurden bei der didaktischen Konstruktion der Materialien berücksichtigt. Ferner erfolgten Recherchen (z. B. zur Evidenz, zum Setting Berufsschule) als Grundlage für die Entwicklung der Materialien.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion
Von den Lehrkräften wurden folgende Anforderungen an fremd erstellte Materialien formuliert: methodische Variabilität, Flexibilität und Veränderbarkeit, Exemplarität, Alltagsnähe, Berufsbezug sowie die Berücksichtigung des curricularen Rahmens. Die vor diesem Hintergrund entwickelten Materialien (z. B. Schüler‑/Lehrertexte, Arbeitsblätter, Experimente) sind seit Projektende frei verfügbar. Ausblickend sind Untersuchungen zur Bewertung der Materialien durch Lehrkräfte und Auszubildende sowie zum Praxiseinsatz und deren möglicher Effekte empfehlenswert.
Histories of mathematical practice: reconstruction, genealogy, and the unruly pasts of ruly knowledge
Authors: Barany Michael J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHistories of mathematical practice account for mathematical knowledge and action by interpreting presently-available evidence as traces of the events, contexts, and relations that make up the past. Interpretations depend on the assumptions one makes about how mathematical knowledge works, insofar as it is knowledge and insofar as it is mathematical. Though the specific rules and their meanings can differ from context to context, mathematics is a kind of ruly knowledge, expected to follow orderly patterns and principles wherever it is found. The contexts and activities of mathematical practice—how that knowledge is made, shared, applied, and understood—are necessarily less ruly, and different practices leave or occlude different kinds of evidence for historical interpretation. The apparent ruliness of mathematics can be both a resource and an obstacle for understanding its unruly pasts. Historians’ interpretive assumptions and goals have been shaped by centuries of interaction between mathematics research, history, and education.As a guide for mathematics educators and education researchers to historical perspectives on mathematical practice, this article briefly introduces four major interpretive traditions that inform the present discipline of mathematics history. It then illustrates some interpretive approaches and challenges through the history of blackboards in mathematical practice before explaining the two broad kinds of historical interpretation applied to mathematical practices. Reconstruction involves understanding the conditions and contexts of practices in a single historical moment. Genealogy, by contrast, connects elements of the past across time through transmission, interpretation, adaptation, and other kinds of preservation and change.
Born which Way? ADHD, Situational Self-Control, and Responsibility
Authors: Koi Polaris 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDebates concerning whether Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) mitigates responsibility often involve recourse to its genetic and neurodevelopmental etiology. For such arguments, individuals with ADHD have diminished self-control, and hence do not fully satisfy the control condition for responsibility, when there is a genetic or neurodevelopmental etiology for this diminished capacity. In this article, I argue that the role of genetic and neurobiological explanations has been overstated in evaluations of responsibility. While ADHD has genetic and neurobiological causes, rather than embrace the essentialistic notion that it directly diminishes self-control and, therefore, responsibility, we ought to think of ADHD as constraining only some self-control practices. In particular, situational self-control strategies remain feasible for people with ADHD. However, not all individuals have access to these strategies. I suggest a way to evaluate responsibility in terms of situational rather than agential pleas, which tracks whether the individual had access to self-control behaviors. While I restrict my discussion to ADHD, the access-based approach is also relevant for assessments of responsibility for other cases where self-control failures are at stake.
Der Türkise Prachtgrundkärpfling – ein Leben im Zeitraffer
Authors: Krug Johannes , Richter Annekatrin , Reuter Hanna , Englert Christoph 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNothobranchius furzeri is a killifish from southeast Africa with an extremely short lifespan. Aging of this fish shows significant similarities to the aging process in mammals including humans. N. furzeri is thus an attractive model organism for scientists in the field of aging research. Here, we present some key aspects of the biology of the killifish and discuss how this fish can help to better understand aging and aging-related diseases.
Loops und Tunnel: unterschätzte Elemente in Enzymen
Authors: Heinemann Peter M. , Rapp Lea R. , Hauer Bernhard 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn enzymes, the active site is the location where substrates are chemically converted. If this site is deeply buried within the protein, substrates must pass not only through the body of the protein via a tunnel, but also flexible, site-decorating loops to access the active site. These elements can act as filters that influence on both substrate specificity and activity. Identifying and understanding how they exert such control has been of growing interest over the past several years.
Prostate cancer management: long-term beliefs, epidemic developments in the early twenty-first century and 3PM dimensional solutions
Authors: Kucera Radek , Pecen Ladislav , Topolcan Ondrej , Dahal Anshu Raj , Costigliola Vincenzo , Giordano Frank A. , Golubnitschaja Olga 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the early twenty-first century, societies around the world are facing the paradoxal epidemic development of PCa as a non-communicable disease. PCa is the most frequently diagnosed cancer for men in several countries such as the USA. Permanently improving diagnostics and treatments in the PCa management causes an impressive divergence between, on one hand, permanently increasing numbers of diagnosed PCa cases and, on the other hand, stable or even slightly decreasing mortality rates. Still, aspects listed below are waiting for innovate solutions in the context of predictive approaches, targeted prevention and personalisation of medical care (PPPM / 3PM).

PCa belongs to the cancer types with the highest incidence worldwide. Corresponding economic burden is enormous. Moreover, the costs of treating PCa are currently increasing more quickly than those of any other cancer. Implementing individualised patient profiles and adapted treatment algorithms would make currently too heterogeneous landscape of PCa treatment costs more transparent providing clear “road map” for the cost saving.

PCa is a systemic multi-factorial disease. Consequently, predictive diagnostics by liquid biopsy analysis is instrumental for the disease prediction, targeted prevention and curative treatments at early stages.

The incidence of metastasising PCa is rapidly increasing particularly in younger populations. Exemplified by trends observed in the USA, prognosis is that the annual burden will increase by over 40% in 2025. To this end, one of the evident deficits is the reactive character of medical services currently provided to populations. Innovative screening programmes might be useful to identify persons in suboptimal health conditions before the clinical onset of metastasising PCa. Strong predisposition to systemic hypoxic conditions and ischemic lesions (e.g. characteristic for individuals with Flammer syndrome phenotype) and low-grade inflammation might be indicative for specific phenotyping and genotyping in metastasising PCa screening and disease management. Predictive liquid biopsy tests for CTC enumeration and their molecular characterisation are considered to be useful for secondary prevention of metastatic disease in PCa patients.

Particular rapidly increasing PCa incidence rates are characteristic for adolescents and young adults aged 15–40 years. Patients with early onset prostate cancer pose unique challenges; multi-factorial risks for these trends are proposed. Consequently, multi-level diagnostics including phenotyping and multi-omics are considered to be the most appropriate tool for the risk assessment, prediction and prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that early onset prostate cancer is a distinct phenotype from both aetiological and clinical perspectives deserving particular attention from view point of 3P medical approaches.
Quantum state discrimination via repeated measurements and the rule of three
Authors: Bullock Tom , Heinosaari Teiko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe task of state discrimination for a set of mutually orthogonal pure states is trivial if one has access to the corresponding sharp (projection-valued) measurement, but what if we are restricted to an unsharp measurement? Given that any realistic measurement device will be subject to some noise, such a problem is worth considering. In this paper, we consider minimum error state discrimination for mutually orthogonal states with a noisy measurement. We show that by considering repetitions of commutative Lüders measurements on the same system we are able to increase the probability of successfully distinguishing states. In the case of binary Lüders measurements, we provide a full characterisation of the success probabilities for any number of repetitions. This leads us to identify a ‘rule of three’, where no change in probability is obtained from a second measurement but there is noticeable improvement after a third. We also provide partial results for N-valued commutative measurements where the rule of three remains, but the general pattern present in binary measurements is no longer satisfied.
An Interactive Network for End-to-End Review Helpfulness Modeling
Authors: Du Jiahua , Zheng Liping , He Jiantao , Rong Jia , Wang Hua , Zhang Yanchun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReview helpfulness prediction aims to prioritize online reviews by quality. Existing methods largely combine review texts and star ratings for helpfulness prediction. However, star ratings are used in a way that has either little representation capacity or limited interaction with review texts. As a result, rating information has yet to be fully exploited during the combination. This paper aims to overcome the two drawbacks. A deep interactive architecture is proposed to learn the text–rating interaction (TRI) for helpfulness modeling. TRI enlarges the representation capacity of star ratings while enhancing the influence of rating information on review texts. TRI is evaluated on six real-world domains of the Amazon 5-Core dataset. Extensive experiments demonstrate that TRI can better predict review helpfulness and beat the state of the art. Ablation studies and qualitative analysis are provided to further understand model behaviors and the learned parameters.
Dynamische Preisgestaltung in der digitalisierten Welt
Authors: Spann Martin , Skiera Bernd 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Digitale Technologien begünstigen den Einsatz einer dynamischen Preisgestaltung, also von Preisen, die für ein prinzipiell gleiches Produkt unangekündigt variieren. Dabei werden in der öffentlichen Diskussion unterschiedliche Ausgestaltungsformen dynamischer Preise oftmals vermischt, was eine sinnvolle Analyse der Vor- und Nachteile der dynamischen Preisgestaltung erschwert. Das Ziel des Beitrags ist die Darstellung der ökonomischen Grundlagen und die Diskussion sowie Klassifikation der Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten der dynamischen Preisgestaltung. Darüber hinaus erfolgt eine Bewertung der Vor- und Nachteile der dynamischen Preisgestaltung aus Käufer- und Verkäufersicht. Abschließend werden Implikationen für die betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung diskutiert.
Adiponectin Reduces Embryonic Loss Rate and Ameliorates Trophoblast Apoptosis in Early Pregnancy of Mice with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Affecting the AMPK/PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhang Wenqian , Zuo Meng , Lu Juan , Wang Yuxia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReports in recent years have suggested that adiponectin (APN) improves insulin resistance and inhibits apoptosis by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway after binding to its receptor. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which APN reduces embryo loss rate and trophoblast apoptosis in early pregnancy of mice with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS mice were subcutaneously injected with APN (10 μg mg kg−1 day−1) on 11 consecutive days from the 3rd day of pregnancy onwards to observe the change of the embryo loss rate of PCOS mice induced by APN. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to determine the relative expressions of mRNA and the proteins AMPK, PI3K, and Akt in mouse uterine tissue. At the same time, primary cultured mouse villous trophoblast cells were used to further explore the underlying mechanisms in vitro. APN significantly reduces the pregnancy loss rate of PCOS mice. At the same time, APN increases phosphorylation and mRNA expression levels of AMPK, PI3K, and Akt in PCOS mouse uterine tissue. In addition, trophoblast cells of model mice were treated with APN and inhibitors, and APN was found to reduce trophoblast cell apoptosis by affecting the phosphorylation levels of AMPK, PI3K, Akt, and FoxO3a proteins. APN reduces the embryo loss rate and ameliorates trophoblast apoptosis in PCOS mice by affecting the AMPK/PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a signaling pathway.
“The internet is not private”: The role of social media in sexual health among youth in foster care
Authors: Kachingwe Olivia N. , Salerno John P. , Boekeloo Bradley O. , Fish Jessica N. , Geddings‐Hayes Melanie , Aden Faduma , Aparicio Elizabeth M. 
Published: June 2020

Highlights
Foster youth use social media to establish and maintain intimate relationships.
Trust plays an integral role in how foster youth interact with others online.
Social media use can result in intimate partner violence and breached privacy.
Foster youth take concrete steps to protect themselves while online.
Parents and staff need further training on how best to support foster youth online.
Intraoperative Use of Betadine Irrigation is Associated With a 9-Fold Increased Likelihood of Penile Prosthesis Infection: Results From a Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Manka Madeleine G. , Yang David , Andrews Jack , Chalmers Brian , Hebert Kevin , Köhler Tobias S. , Trost Landon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Infection remains a persistent complication of penile prosthesis (PP) surgery. Despite popularity of Mulcahy’s PP washout protocol, Betadine has known tissue toxicity.

Aim
We evaluated PP infection rate based on the type of intraoperative irrigation used, ½ strength Betadine vs vancomycin/gentamicin.

Methods
We reviewed a prospective database of men undergoing primary, revision, and salvage PPs. No other changes to operative or perioperative techniques occurred after the change in irrigation solution. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate differences in infection rate with use of Betadine vs vancomycin/gentamicin irrigation. Potential confounders were reviewed.

Main Outcome Measure
The primary outcome was rate of PP infection before and after change of intraoperative irrigation.

Results
From 2014 to 2018, 217 patients underwent PP placement at our institution by a single surgeon; of whom, 21 (9.7%) experienced an infection (primary = 10 [7.1%], revision = 11 [17.19%], salvage = 0 [0%]). Overall, 152 (70%) received irrigation with Betadine and 65 (30%) with Vancomycin/Gentamicin. Univariate analysis demonstrated significantly increased infection rates with Betadine irrigation (odds ratio [OR]: 4.64, P = .006) and with revision surgery (OR: 2.68, P = .02). Significance of increased infection rate with Betadine was maintained (OR: 9.3; P = .025) after controlling for age, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index, smoking, diabetes, primary vs revision/salvage, prior penile surgery, use of ectopic reservoir, and adjunctive glanulopexy.

Conclusions
Changing from intraoperative Betadine to vancomycin/gentamicin solution dramatically reduced infection rates among men undergoing PP placement in both primary and revision cases. We hypothesize that differences in infection rate may relate to the relative toxicity or non-sterile nature of Betadine.
Manka MG, Yang D, Andrews J, et al. Intraoperative Use of Betadine Irrigation is Associated With a 9-Fold Increased Likelihood of Penile Prosthesis Infection: Results From a Retrospective Case-Control Study. Sex Med 2020;8:422–427.
Evidence based guideline on use of ketofol (Ketamine and Propofol admixture) for procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) in pediatrics surgery : Review article
Authors: Ali Siraj Ahmed , Aweke Zemedu , Jemal Bedru 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) implies the state of drug induced tolerance of uncomfortable or painful diagnostic, interventional medical and surgical procedures. Ketofol (ketamine and Propofol mixture) is a good combination of drugs for PSA in painful procedures in pediatrics resulting in hemodynamic and respiratory safety. A combination of these drugs provides sedation, analgesia, and rapid recovery with hemodynamic stability and minimal respiratory depression. The objective of sedation during such procedures is to reduce the discomfort of the patient and to facilitate the performance of the procedure.
This systematic review was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocol (PRISMA). Evidences for this guideline development were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, Google search, and Medline databases with keywords.
During the review of searched literature for the guideline, important concerns discussed were patient selection and assessment (indication for PSA), monitoring of children including depth of sedation, medication administration (a combination of the agents), and criteria for postoperative discharge.
Generally, in the presence of adequate resuscitation equipment and monitoring ketamine and Propofol mixture can be used in the proportion of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 safely with good respiratory and hemodynamic stability.

Highlights:
Tectonic Inheritance With Dipping Faults and Deformation Fabric in the Brittle and Ductile Southern California Crust
Authors: Schulte‐Pelkum Vera , Ross Zachary E. , Mueller Karl , Ben‐Zion Yehuda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlate motions in Southern California have undergone a transition from compressional and extensional regimes to a dominantly strike‐slip regime in the Miocene. Strike‐slip motion is most easily accommodated on vertical faults, and major transform fault strands in the region are typically mapped as near vertical on the surface. However, some previous work suggests that these faults have a dipping geometry at depth. We analyze receiver function arrivals that vary harmonically with back azimuth at all available broadband stations in the region. The results show a dominant signal from contrasts in dipping foliation as well as dipping isotropic velocity contrasts from all crustal depths, including from the ductile middle to lower crust. We interpret these receiver function observations as a dipping fault‐parallel structural fabric that is pervasive throughout the region. The strike of these structures and fabrics is parallel to that of nearby fault surface traces. We also plot microseismicity on depth profiles perpendicular to major strike‐slip faults and find consistently NE dipping features in seismicity changing from near vertical (80–85°) on the Elsinore Fault in the Peninsular Ranges to 60–65° slightly further inland on the San Jacinto Fault to 50–55° on the San Andreas Fault. Taken together, the dipping features in seismicity and in rock fabric suggest that preexisting fabrics and faults may have acted as strain guides in the modern slip regime, with reactivation and growth of strike‐slip faults along northeast dipping fabrics both above and below the brittle‐ductile transition.
SUMO and cellular adaptive mechanisms
Authors: Ryu Hong-Yeoul , Ahn Seong Hoon , Hochstrasser Mark 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe ubiquitin family member SUMO is a covalent regulator of proteins that functions in response to various stresses, and defects in SUMO-protein conjugation or deconjugation have been implicated in multiple diseases. The loss of the Ulp2 SUMO protease, which reverses SUMO-protein modifications, in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae is severely detrimental to cell fitness and has emerged as a useful model for studying how cells adapt to SUMO system dysfunction. Both short-term and long-term adaptive mechanisms are triggered depending on the length of time cells spend without this SUMO chain-cleaving enzyme. Such short-term adaptations include a highly specific multichromosome aneuploidy and large changes in ribosomal gene transcription. While aneuploid ulp2Δ cells survive, they suffer severe defects in growth and stress resistance. Over many generations, euploidy is restored, transcriptional programs are adjusted, and specific genetic changes that compensate for the loss of the SUMO protease are observed. These long-term adapted cells grow at normal rates with no detectable defects in stress resistance. In this review, we examine the connections between SUMO and cellular adaptive mechanisms more broadly.