bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a statistical model to classify driving stress levels using galvanic skin responses
Authors: Kim Jungyoon , Park Jangwoon , Park Jaehyun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMany studies have demonstrated the strong relationships between physiological responses and driving stress, but they have done little to build a model that could be used to identify a driver's stress accurately in real time. The objective of this study is to develop a model that accurately classifies driving stress by monitoring physiological responses—specifically galvanic skin response (GSR). GSR data were collected from nine drivers with licenses obtained in the US in real road driving situations with two stress conditions—rest period (low stress) and highway or city driving (high stress). The validation drive was performed by one driver with licenses obtained in South Korea in real long‐term road driving situations with two stress conditions—rural area (low stress) and highway or highway under construction (high stress). Those two conditions were used to build a binary logistic regression model to classify low stress or high stress based on a driver's measured hand GSR. The overall classification accuracy of the developed model was found to be 85.3%, and the accuracy of cross validation, with a testing dataset, was found to be 83.2%. A simple logit model was developed to identify drivers' stress by incorporating their GSR data. The developed model can be embedded in a wearable device equipped with GSR sensors for drivers to detect their stress level in real time.
Evaluation of recessed and bar handles of freezer door in refrigerator
Authors: Jung Myung‐Chul , Hwang Jaejin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDesign components of handles can affect the physical demands on users and their satisfaction. However, few studies have evaluated the physical usability of different handle configurations in refrigerators. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the handle height, clearance, embossing, and users’ stature on their physical demands and satisfaction with two different handle types. Twenty‐eight participants were recruited, and several design components, including the handle type (recessed, bar), height (620 and 680 mm), clearance (0, 3, 5, and 7 mm), embossing (with and without), and users’ stature (short, medium, and tall) were investigated. Regardless of handle type, higher handle (680 mm) exhibited a lower flexion angle and flexion moments of the hips and back compared with lower handle (620 mm), and participants expressed greater satisfaction with embossed handles when using the recessed handle. Handle height and comfortable grip configuration were the primary components that affected physical usability. The results could be useful in designing and improving refrigerator handles.
Performance optimization of pharmaceutical supply chain by a unique resilience engineering and fuzzy mathematical framework
Authors: Salehi Vahid , Salehi Razieh , Mirzayi Mahsa , Akhavizadegan Faezeh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPharmaceutical supply chains (PSCs) are responsible for guaranteeing that the right people receive the right medication at the right time and in the right conditions. These responsibilities make PSC very complex and subsequently increase their vulnerability and disturbance probability. Resilience engineering (RE) can enable supply chain managers to cope with disruptions and to help them maintain their efficient performance. This study proposes a unique RE framework for performance optimization of the pharmaceutical sector in a veterinary organization. A standard questionnaire was used to collect the required data. Next, data envelopment analysis (DEA) and fuzzy data envelopment analysis (FDEA) approaches were employed to formulate the problem. Sensitivity analysis was performed based on the most appropriate model of DEA and FDEA. The results showed that redundancy was the most effective factor in enhancing efficiency in PSCs in the veterinary organization. This is one of the first studies that investigate the influence of resilience indicators on PSC through DEA/FDEA and statistical methods.
A biphasic, demineralized, and Decellularized allograft bone‐hydrogel scaffold with a cell‐based BMP‐7 delivery system for osteochondral defect regeneration
Authors: Sun Jiachen , Lyu Jingtong , Xing Fei , Chen Ran , Duan Xin , Xiang Zhou 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe reconstruction of bone and cartilage defects remains a challenge in orthopedics and tissue engineering. In this study, a mimetic natural scaffold based on a demineralized and decellularized bone and collagen type I (Col I) allograft was developed. The resulting hydrogel has the capability of loading allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) resulting in the sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7). BMSCs transfected with lentivirus loaded with BMP‐7 gene were used as the BMP‐7 delivery system, and then seeded on a demineralized and decellularized allograft bone‐collagen biphasic scaffold to enhance bone and cartilage regeneration. The results indicated that, after transfection, BMSCs had a higher expression of the BMP‐7 gene and the sustained release of BMP‐7 lasted more than 28 days. The preliminary biphasic scaffold promoted cell adhesion and proliferation. After implanting the transfected cells into the knee joints of beagle dogs, enhanced osteochondral defect regeneration was identified at 12 weeks postimplantation. Our results revealed that the new cell‐loaded scaffold can avoid the side effects and the short half‐life of BMP‐7, and promote the reconstruction of bone and cartilage defects. Such a composite system, therefore, shows potential in bone and cartilage tissue engineering applications.
Silymarin effect on experimental bone defect repair in rat following implantation of the electrospun PLA/carbon nanotubes scaffold associated with Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Khoobi Mohammad Mohsen , Naddaf Hadi , Hoveizi Elham , Mohammadi Tayebeh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, the ability of silymarin to heal rat calvarial bone critical defects with mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human Wharton's jelly (HWJMSC) cultured on the electrospun scaffold of poly (lactic acid)/carbon nanotube (PLA/CNT) has been examined. In this study, 20 adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of five each. Under general anesthesia, 8 mm defects were created in the calvarial bone of the rats. Then, study groups were defined as no treatment group, the scaffold alone, the scaffold and HWJMSCs, and the scaffold/cells plus oral silymarin, respectively. The histomorphometric study was performed using H&E staining and Goldner's Masson trichrome as specific staining. The results of this study showed that the electrospun PLA/CNT scaffold is a biocompatible scaffold and HWJMSCs can considerably attach and proliferate on this scaffold, and the scaffold itself is also a suitable option for improving the bone repair process. The results of the histomorphometric analysis also showed a significantly higher amount of recently formed bone in the silymarin group plus scaffold/cells compared to the scaffold and cell group alone (p < .05). Utilizing silymarin plus HWJMSCs cultured on PLA/CNT scaffold can be used as a suitable method for the process of osteogenesis and bone repair.
Bone‐targeting phospholipid polymers to solubilize the lipophilic anticancer drug
Authors: Otaka Akihisa , Yamaguchi Tomoki , Saisho Ryoya , Hiraga Toru , Iwasaki Yasuhiko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCurrent chemotherapy methods have limited effectiveness in eliminating bone metastasis, which leads to a poor prognosis associated with severe bone disorders. To provide regional chemotherapy for this metastatic tumor, a bone‐targeting drug carrier was produced by introducing the osteotropic bisphosphonate alendronate (ALN) units into an amphiphilic phospholipid polymer, poly(2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine‐co‐n‐butyl methacrylate). The polymer can form nanoparticles with a diameter of less than 30 nm; ALN units were exposed to the outer layer of the particle. A simple mixing procedure was used to encapsulate a hydrophobic anticancer drug, known as docetaxel (DTX), in the polymer nanoparticle, providing a uniform solution of a polymer–DTX complex in the aqueous phase. The complex showed anticancer activities against several breast cancer cell lines, and the complex formation did not hamper the pharmacological effect of DTX. The fluorescence observations evaluated by an in vivo imaging system and fluorescence microscopy showed that the addition of ALN to the polymer–DTX complex enhanced bone accumulation. Bone‐targeting phospholipid polymers are potential solubilizing excipients used to formulate DTX and deliver the hydrophobic drug to bone tissues by blood administration.
How accurate are TD‐DFT excited‐state geometries compared to DFT ground‐state geometries?
Authors: Wang Jun , Durbeej Bo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, we take a different angle to the benchmarking of time‐dependent density functional theory (TD‐DFT) for the calculation of excited‐state geometries by extensively assessing how accurate such geometries are compared to ground‐state geometries calculated with ordinary DFT. To this end, we consider 20 medium‐sized aromatic organic compounds whose lowest singlet excited states are ideally suited for TD‐DFT modeling and are very well described by the approximate coupled‐cluster singles and doubles (CC2) method, and then use this method and six different density functionals (BP86, B3LYP, PBE0, M06‐2X, CAM‐B3LYP, and ωB97XD) to optimize the corresponding ground‐ and excited‐state geometries. The results show that although each hybrid functional reproduces the CC2 excited‐state bond lengths very satisfactorily, achieving an overall root mean square error of 0.011 Å for all 336 bonds in the 20 molecules, these errors are distinctly larger than those of only 0.004–0.006 Å with which the hybrid functionals reproduce the CC2 ground‐state bond lengths. Furthermore, for each functional employed, the variation in the error relative to CC2 between different molecules is found to be much larger (by at least a factor of 3) for the excited‐state geometries than for the ground‐state geometries, despite the fact that the molecules/states under investigation have rather uniform chemical and spectroscopic character. Overall, the study finds that even in favorable circumstances, TD‐DFT excited‐state geometries appear intrinsically and comparatively less accurate than DFT ground‐state ones.
How does temperature play a role in the storage of extracellular vesicles?
Authors: Qin Bo , Zhang Qi , Hu Xi‐min , Mi Tuo‐yang , Yu Hai‐yang , Liu Shen‐shen , Zhang Bin , Tang Mu , Huang Ju‐fang , Xiong Kun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) contain specific proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids that can be passed to other cells as signal molecules to alter their function. However, there are many problems and challenges in the conversion and clinical application of EVs. Storage and protection of EVs is one of the issues that need further research. To adapt to potential clinical applications, this type of problem must be solved. This review summarizes the storage practices of EVs in recent years, and explains the impact of temperature on the quality and stability of EVs during storage based on current research, and explains the potential mechanisms involved in this effect as much as possible.
RUNX2 co‐operates with EGR1 to regulate osteogenic differentiation through Htra1 enhancers
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zuo Huanyan , Yu Shuaitong , Lin Yuxiu , Chen Shuo , Liu Huan , Chen Zhi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRunt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) has been shown to regulate osteoblast differentiation by directly or indirectly regulating numerous osteoblast‐related genes. However, our understanding of the transcriptional mechanisms of RUNX2 is mainly restricted to its transactivation, while the mechanism underlying its inhibitory effect during osteoblast differentiation remains largely unknown. Here, we incorporated the anti‐RUNX2 chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing in MC3T3‐E1 cells and RNA‐sequencing of parietal bone from Runx2 heterozygous mutant mice, to identify the putative genes negatively regulated by RUNX2. We identified HtrA serine peptidase 1 (Htra1) as a target gene and found ten candidate Htra1 enhancers potentially regulated by RUNX2, among which seven were verified by dual‐luciferase assays. Furthermore, we investigated the motifs in the vicinity of RUNX2‐binding sites and identified early growth response 1 (EGR1) as a potential partner transcription factor (TF) potentially regulating Htra1 expression, which was subsequently confirmed by Re‐ChIP assays. RUNX2 and EGR1 co‐repressed Htra1 and increased the expression levels of other osteoblast marker genes, such as osterix, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin at the messenger RNA and protein level. Moreover, Alizarin red staining combined with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining showed decreased calcified nodules and ALP activity in the siRUNX2+siEGR1 group compared with siRUNX2 group. Our findings revealed the detailed mechanism of the inhibitory function of RUNX2 towards its downstream genes, along with its partner TFs, to promote osteoblast differentiation.
Knockdown of milk‐fat globule EGF factor‐8 suppresses glioma progression in GL261 glioma cells by repressing microglial M2 polarization
Authors: Wu Jing , Yang Huicui , Cheng Junjie , Zhang Li , Ke Youliang , Zhu Yi , Wang Cheng , Zhang Xiaohu , Zhen Xuechu , Zheng Long Tai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTumor‐associated microglial cells promote glioma growth, invasion, and chemoresistance by releasing inflammatory factors. Milk fat globule EGF factor 8 protein (MFG‐E8), a secreted glycoprotein, is closely related to tissue homeostasis and anti‐inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the role of MFG‐E8 in microglial polarization and glioma progression in vitro and in vivo. We found that glioma cells secrete comparable amounts of MFG‐E8 in culture media to astrocytes. Recombinant MFG‐E8 triggered microglia to express the M2 polarization markers, such as arginase‐1 (ARG‐1), macrophage galactose‐type C‐type lectin‐2 (MGL‐2), and macrophage mannose receptor (CD206). Forced expression of MFG‐E8 in BV‐2 microglia cells not only promoted IL‐4‐induced M2 polarization but also inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced M1 microglial polarization. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that recombinant MFG‐E8 markedly induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and the STAT3 inhibitor stattic significantly blocked MFG‐E8‐induced ARG‐1 expression. Administration of antibody against MFG‐E8 and knockdown of its receptor, integrin β3, significantly attenuated MFG‐E8‐induced ARG‐1 expression. Similarly, knockdown of MFG‐E8 also markedly reduced IL‐4‐induced M2 marker expression and increased LPS‐induced M1 marker expression in microglia cells. Moreover, the knockdown of MFG‐E8 in GL261 glioma cells inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced chemosensitivity to 1,3‐bis(2‐chloroethyl)‐1‐nitrosourea (BCNU), which was likely associated with the downregulation of FAK/AKT activation and STAT3/cyclin D1 signaling. The murine GL261 glioma experimental model demonstrated that knockdown of MFG‐E8 significantly reduced tumor size and extended survival times. Additionally, attenuated CD11b+ cell infiltration and reduced CD206+ expression in CD11b+ cells were also observed in an MFG‐E8 knockdown GL261 murine glioma model. These results suggested that inhibition of MFG‐E8 might hamper the immunosuppressive microenvironment in gliomas and therefore ameliorate tumor progression.
Impact of IFN‐β and LIF overexpression on human adipose‐derived stem cells properties
Authors: Ashja‐Arvan Mehnoosh , Dehbashi Moein , Eslami Asma , Salehi Hossein , Yoosefi Mahdiyeh , Ganjalikhani‐Hakemi Mazdak 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAdipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a subset of mesenchymal stem cells that their therapeutic effects in various diseases make them an interesting tool in cell therapy. In the current study, we aimed to overexpress interferon‐β (IFN‐β) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) cytokines in human ADSCs to evaluate the impact of this overexpression on human ADSCs properties. Here, we designed a construct containing IFN‐β and LIF and then, transduced human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs) by this construct via a lentiviral vector (PCDH‐513B). We assessed the ability of long‐term expression of the transgene in transduced cells by western blot analysis and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay techniques on Days 15, 45, and 75 after transduction. For the evaluation of stem cell properties, flow cytometry and differentiation assays were performed. Finally, the MTT assay was done to assess the proliferation of transduced cells compares to controls. Our results showed high‐efficiency transduction with highest expression rates on Day 75 after transduction which were 70 pg/ml for IFN‐β and 77.9 pg/ml for LIF in comparison with 25.60 pg/ml and 27.63 pg/ml, respectively, in untransduced cells (p = .0001). Also, transduced cells expressed a high level of ADSCs surface markers and successfully differentiated into adipocytes, chondrocytes, neural cells, and osteocytes besides the preservation rate of proliferation near untreated cells (p = .88). All in all, we successfully constructed an hADSC population stably overexpressed IFN‐β and LIF cytokines. Considering the IFN‐β and LIF anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective effects as well as immune‐regulatory properties of hADSCs, the obtained cells of this study could be subjected for further evaluations in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice model.
Downregulation of HDAC1 suppresses media degeneration by inhibiting the migration and phenotypic switch of aortic vascular smooth muscle cells in aortic dissection
Authors: Sun Lin , Wang Chunping , Yuan Ye , Guo Zhen , He Yubin , Ma Wenrui , Zhang Jing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlthough much progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD), the overall morbidity and mortality rates of TAD are still high. Therefore, the molecular pathogenesis and etiology of TAD need to be elucidated. In this study, we found that histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) expression is dramatically higher in the aortic wall of patients with TAD (than that in a normal group) and negatively correlates with the levels of the vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) contractile‐phenotype markers. Knockdown of HDAC1 upregulated both smooth muscle 22 α (SM22α) and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) in platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB‐treated and ‐untreated SMCs. In addition, the knockdown of HDAC1 markedly decreased SMC viability and migration in contrast to the control group under the conditions of quiescence and PDGF‐BB treatment. We also showed that the expression of polycystic kidney disease 1 (PKD1) is decreased in the aortic wall of patients with TAD and negatively correlates with HDAC1 expression. Overexpressed PKD1 obviously increased SM22α and α‐SMA expression and reduced the viability and migration of SMCs, but these effects were attenuated by HDAC1. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HDAC1 serves as an important modulator of the migration and phenotypic switch of SMCs by suppressing the PKD1– mammalian target of the rapamycin signaling pathway. HDAC1 downregulation inhibited media degeneration and attenuated the loss of elastic–fiber integrity in a mouse model of TAD. Our results suggest that HDAC1 might be a new target for the treatment of a macrovascular disease such as TAD.
Roles of noncoding RNAs in drug resistance in multiple myeloma
Authors: Li Jingwen , Zou Jing , Wan Xiaoyue , Sun Chunyan , Chu Zhangbo , Hu Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite the administration of new effective drugs in recent years, relapse and drug resistance are still the main obstacles in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment, making MM an incurable disease. To overcome drug resistance in MM, it is critical to understand the underlying mechanisms of malfunctioning gene expression and develop novel targeted therapies. During the past few decades, with the discovery and characterization of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), the landscape of dysregulated ncRNAs of cancers as well as their biological and pathobiological functions in tumorigenesis and drug resistance have been recognized. Studies about ncRNAs improved the understanding of variations of drug response among individuals at a level distinguished from genetic polymorphism, and provided with new orientations for targeted therapies. In this review, we will summarize the emerging impact and underlying molecular mechanisms of the most relevant classes of ncRNAs in drug resistance of MM, and discuss the potential as well as strategies of treating ncRNAs as therapeutic targets.
Learning to stand tall: Idiopathic scoliosis, behavioral electronics, and technologically‐assisted patient participation in treatment, c. 1969–1992
Authors: Gerber Lucie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDrawing on the archives of American learning psychologist Neal E. Miller, this article investigates the role of instrumentation in the expansion and diversification of the behavior therapy domain from the late 1960s to the early 1990s. Through the case of Miller's research on the use of biofeedback to treat idiopathic scoliosis, it argues that the post‐World War II adoption of electronic technology by behavioral psychologists contributed to extending their subject matter to include physiological processes and somatic conditions. It also enabled a technologically‐instrumented move outside the laboratory through the development of portable ambulatory treatment devices. Using the example of the Posture‐Training Device that Miller and his collaborators invented for the behavioral treatment of idiopathic scoliosis, this paper considers how electromechanical psychological instrumentation illustrated a larger and ambiguous strategic shift in behavior therapy from an orientation toward external control to one of self‐control.