bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of orbital invasion in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma: 15 years’ experience
Authors: Li Ruichen , Tian Shu , Zhu Yi , Zhu Wenjia , Wang Shengzi 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThis study was intended to review our management strategy for sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SNSCCs) with orbital invasion and to explore the role of radiotherapy in orbital preservation.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 93 SNSCC patients with orbital invasion who underwent radiotherapy with or without surgery over the past 15 years. The degree of orbital invasion was classified into 3 grades.ResultsEighty‐eight patients presented with T4 tumors and 36 had grade III orbital invasion. Seventy‐two patients received surgery plus radiation and 67 received platinum‐based chemotherapy. The median follow‐up for surviving patients was 60 months. Five‐year overall survival (OS) for the whole group was 57.4%. The patients treated with surgery plus radiation had a 5‐year survival rate of 62.2% and orbital preservation was feasible in 90.3% of cases. Twenty‐one patients with SNSCCs that extended into the extraocular muscles or eye globe also underwent orbital preservation. Five‐year locoregional relapse‐free survival (LRFS) was 69.5% for patients treated with orbital preservation and 57.1% for those treated with orbital exenteration, indicating no statistical difference. Five‐year survival, 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS), and 5‐year distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) were similar between groups. Grade III orbital invasion was independently associated with shorter OS, LRFS, PFS, and DMFS.ConclusionOrbital invasion in grade III was associated with the worst survival outcomes. Invasion of either the extraocular muscles or eye globe is not a contraindication for eye‐sparing surgery. Preoperative chemoradiation continues to offer hope to patients with a strong desire to preserve their eyes.
Field Performance of High Oleic Soybeans with Mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B Genes in Tennessee
Authors: Darr Lauren , Cunicelli Mia , Bhandari Hem , Bilyeu Kristin , Chen Feng , Hewezi Tarek , Li Zenglu , Sams Carl , Pantalone Vince 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with high oleic acid (>75%) has increased oxidative stability and health benefits that are valuable for food, fuel, and industrial products. It has been determined that two naturally occurring mutations in genes FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B can combine to produce high oleic soybeans. The objective of this study was to test the effect of these mutant alleles on seed yield and oil and protein concentration. Molecular markers assisted in the creation of a population of 48 BC3F2:4 lines (93.75% expected genome commonality). Each line was classified into one of four genotypic groups where both FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B genes were either homozygous wild type or mutant, respectively. Twelve lines for each genotypic group were evaluated in three replications at six locations across Tennessee. There was no seed yield difference between the high oleic genotypic group and the other groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there were differences in fatty acid profiles and oil and protein concentrations. In combination, the mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B alleles produced a mean of 803.1 g kg−1 oleic acid. This is, on average, approximately 500 g kg−1 more oleic acid compared to soybean lines with only one mutant FAD2‐1 allele. The high oleic double mutant group had more total oil (228.0 g kg−1) and protein (401.0 g kg−1) compared to all other genotypic groups (P < 0.05). Overall, this specific combination of mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B alleles appears to generate conventional high oleic soybeans without a yield drag.
Additive Fertigung im Bauwesen: erste 3‐D‐gedruckte und bewehrte Betonbauteile im Shotcrete‐3‐D‐Printing‐Verfahren (SC3DP)
Authors: Kloft Harald , Hack Norman , Mainka Jeldrik , Brohmann Leon , Herrmann Eric , Ledderose Lukas , Lowke Dirk 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMit dem 3‐D‐Drucken (Additive Fertigung) steht eine digital gesteuerte Fertigungstechnologie bereit, die das Potenzial hat, spezifisch für das Bauwesen entwickelt, zu einer Schlüsseltechnologie für die Digitalisierung der Bauwirtschaft zu werden. Bei der Additiven Fertigung erfolgt der Bauteilaufbau allein durch einen digital gesteuerten, schichtenweisen Werkstoffauftrag, ohne Formenbau oder Umformprozesse. Dies stellt einen Paradigmenwechsel zu den noch überwiegend handwerklichen, formgebenden Bauprozessen dar. Um das Potenzial dieser Technologie voll auszuschöpfen, müssen Strukturdesign, Materialverhalten und Fertigungsprozess integrativ aufeinander abgestimmt werden. Dies ermöglicht Bauwerke von hoher Gestaltungsfreiheit und einen ressourceneffizienten Einsatz von Werkstoffen. Am Institut für Tragwerksentwurf (ITE) und am Institut für Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz (iBMB) der TU Braunschweig wird seit mehreren Jahren an Verfahren für den 3‐D‐Druck von großformatigen Betonbauteilen geforscht. In einem interdisziplinären Verbundvorhaben wurde das sog. Shotcrete‐3‐D‐Printing‐Verfahren (SC3DP) entwickelt. Bei der SC3DP‐Technologie handelt es sich um ein automatisiertes robotisches, additives Fertigungsverfahren, das Betonbauteile unter kontrollierter Zugabe von Druckluft Schicht für Schicht aufbaut. In dem vorliegenden Bericht werden erste 3‐D‐gedruckte und bewehrte Betonbauteile vorgestellt, die das Potenzial der SC3DP‐Technologie aufzeigen.
Freie Wahl – das Projekt bestimmt die Planungsmethode
Authors: Scheible Florian , Peter Boris 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIm Windschatten der Digitalisierung hat sich ein Trend zu einer präzisen Regelung und Normierung einzelner Planungsschritte entwickelt – weg von einem Werksverständnis, bei dem der Werkerfolg im Vordergrund steht und die Planungsmethode selbst den Planern überlassen ist. Nach einer Umfrage des DIN 2017 haben ca. 85 % der Befragten die Entwicklung neuer Normen als „sehr dringend“ oder „dringend“ eingestuft. Diese Normen werden den Planungsteams in Zukunft die Planungsmethode vorgeben. Gerade die freiberuflichen Planer müssten sich an der Ausgestaltung dieser Normen und der damit verbundenen Frage „Wie wollen wir in Zukunft planen?“stärker beteiligen. Für den Flughafen in Shenzhen, die Nachhallgalerie der Staatsoper Unter den Linden in Berlin, den mehrgeschossigen Holzbau The Cradle in Düsseldorf und die neue Elefantenwelt in Stuttgart hat das Büro Knippers Helbig mit seinen Planungspartnern projektspezifische Prozessketten entwickelt, die nicht normativ erfassbar sind.
Stability‐indicating HPLC method for acyclovir and lidocaine in topical formulations
Authors: Mulabagal Vanisree , Annaji Manjusha , Kurapati Sharmila , Dash Ranjeet Prasad , Srinivas Nuggehally R. , Tiwari Amit K. , Babu R. Jayachandra 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA simple, rapid and accurate stability‐indicating HPLC assay was developed for the determination of acyclovir and lidocaine in topical formulations. Chromatographic separation of acyclovir and lidocaine was achieved using a reversed‐phase C18 column and a gradient mobile phase (20 mm ammonium acetate pH 3.5 in water and acetonitrile). The degradation products of acyclovir and lidocaine in the samples were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography‐time of flight mass spectrometry. The HPLC method successfully resolved the analytes from the impurities and degradation products in the topical formulation. Furthermore, the method detected the analytes from the human skin leachables following the extraction of the analytes in the skin homogenate samples. The method showed linearity over wide ranges of 5–500 and 10–200 μg/ml for acyclovir and lidocaine in the topical product, respectively, with a correlation coefficient (r2) >0.9995. The relative standard deviations for precision, repeatability, and robustness of the method validation assays were <2%. The skin extraction efficiency for acyclovir and lidocaine was 92.8 ± 0.7% and 91.3 ± 3.2%, respectively, with no interference from the skin leachables. Thus, simultaneous quantification of acyclovir and lidocaine in the topical formulations was achieved.
Diterpenoids from Euphorbia neriifolia and Their Related Anti‐HIV and Cytotoxic Activity
Authors: Li Jian‐Chun , Feng Xiao‐Yi , Liu Dan , Zhang Zhi‐Jun , Chen Xuan‐Qin , Li Rong‐Tao , Li Hong‐Mei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFifteen diterpenoids (1–15), including three undescribed ones with ent‐atisane skeleton, eupnerias G–I (1–3), were obtained from Euphorbia neriifolia. Compounds 1–3 were established through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited obvious anti‐HIV‐1 effect, and their EC50 were 6.6±3.2 and 6.4±2.5 μg mL−1, respectively. Compound 6 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity on HepG2 and HepG2/Adr cells with IC50 at 13.70 and 15.57 μm, respectively. In addition, compound 15 exhibited significant cytotoxicity on HepG2 cell lines (IC50=0.01 μm), while it did not show any cytotoxicity against HepG2/Adr cell lines.
Sustainable and Affordable Chemistry
Authors: Braje Wilfried , Gallou Fabrice , Handa Sachin , Tang Wenjun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Special Issue on Sustainable and Affordable Chemistry to Meet Future Challenges in the Pharmaceutical Industry illustrates the hopes within the field of catalysis. With spectacular reports based on transition‐metal catalysis, biocatalysis, photoredox catalysis, organocatalysis, hybrid, or combined catalysis, utilizing sustainable media especially chemistry in water and flow chemistry, we hope to inspire others to join the quest for a more sustainable future.
Enzymatic racemization of alcohols and amines: An approach for bi‐enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution
Authors: Musa Musa M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRacemization is the key step to turn a kinetic resolution (KR), which suffers from the well‐known drawback of being limited to a maximum yield of 50% with high enantiopurity, into a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) process. Enzyme‐based racemization of enantiopure alcohols and amines has gained significant interest in recent years. This review covers recent advances in enzyme‐based racemization approaches and their potential applications in bi‐enzymatic DKR.
The enantiomer pair of 24S‐ and 24R‐hydroxycholesterol differentially alter activity of large‐conductance Ca2+‐dependent K+ (slo1 BK) channel
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Tajima Nobuyoshi , Taniguchi Makoto , Kato Nobuo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract24S‐hydroxycholesterol (HC) is most abundant oxysterols in the brain, passes through blood brain barrier, and is therefore regarded as an intermediary for brain cholesterol elimination. We reported that large‐conductance Ca2+‐ and voltage‐activated K+ (slo1 BK) channels are suppressed by this oxysterol, which is presumably intercalated into cell membrane to access the outer surface of the channel. Such an outer approach would make it difficult to interact with the inner, ion‐conducting part of the channel. The present findings showed that 24R‐HC, the racemic counterpart of 24S‐HC, also suppressed slo1 BK channel but in a different voltage‐dependent manner. There was a difference between the effects of the two enantiomers on activation kinetics but not on deactivation kinetics. It is suggested that the chirality contributes to the efficacy of channel blockers that act from outer lipophilic parts of channels, as with those which act on the inner, ion‐permeable surface.
DIY Construction of a Digital Low‐Cost Photometer For the Chemistry Classroom
Authors: Witte Thomas , Hanemann Stefan , Sommerfeld Herbert , Temmen Katrin , Fechner Sabine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIm vorliegenden Artikel wird ein preisgünstiges Fotometer zum Selbstbau vorgestellt, das in Zusammenarbeit von Chemie‐ und Technikdidaktik entwickelt wurde und einen modernen Stand der Technik repräsentiert. Ziel der Konstruktion war es, Chemie‐Fachschaften an Schulen ein robustes und reparierbares Gerät zur Verfügung zu stellen, das in der Anschaffung nur einen Bruchteil des Preises eines kommerziellen Fotometers kostet und außerdem zuverlässige Messdaten erzeugt. Die beigefügte Anleitung erklärt Schritt für Schritt auf leicht verständliche Weise den Zusammenbau des Gerätes, so dass dieses beispielsweise auch im Rahmen einer AG in 4–5 Doppelstunden mit Schülerinnen und Schülern durchführbar ist oder selbst zusammengebaut werden kann. In einer Fortbildung wurden bereits 15 Geräte erfolgreich konstruiert und befinden sich im Betrieb an den Schulen der Region.
Nanotechnology in Student Lab and School – Experimental Approach to Everyday Nanotechnological Facets
Authors: Reimann Maria , Herzog Stefanie , Parchmann Ilka , Schwarzer Stefan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAußerschulische Lernorte sind in ganz Deutschland weit verbreitet und vielfach vertreten. Eines dieser Angebote bilden MINT‐Schülerlabore, welche aufgrund ihrer thematischen Unabhängigkeit vom Schulcurriculum eine bereichernde Ergänzung zum MINT‐Schulunterricht darstellen. Hierdurch können auch weiterführende, hoch aktuelle und komplexere naturwissenschaftliche Inhaltsgebiete in einer authentischen Umgebung schülergerecht thematisiert und diskutiert werden. In diesem Artikel wird das Schülerlaborprogramm nawi:klick! der Kieler Forschungswerkstatt vorgestellt, welches sich mit der Darbietung nanotechnologischer Inhalte und der Präsenz der Nanowissenschaften im alltäglichen Leben beschäftigt. In einer flankierenden Befragung konnte gezeigt werden, dass das Angebot eine hohe Vermittlung von Fachwissen sowie experimenteller Kompetenzen bietet und die gewünschte hohe Alltagsrelevanz wahrgenommen wird.
Difference in left atrial appendage remodeling between diabetic and nondiabetic patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Yosefy Chaim , Pery Marina , Nevzorov Roman , Piltz Xavier , Osherov Azriel , Jafari Jamal , Beeri Ronen , Gallego‐Colon Enrique , Daum Aner , Khalameizer Vladimir 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a common and increasingly prevalent condition in patients with atrial fibrillation (AFib). The left atrium appendage (LAA), a small outpouch from the LA, is the most common location for thrombus formation in patients with AFib.HypothesisIn this study, we examined LAA remodeling differences between diabetic and nondiabetic patients with AFib.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed data from 242 subjects subdivided into two subgroups of 122 with DM (diabetic group) and 120 without DM (nondiabetic group). The study group underwent real‐time 3‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT3DTEE) for AFib ablation, cardioversion, or LAA device closure. The LAA dimensions were measured using the “Yosefy rotational 3DTEE method.”ResultsThe RT3DTEE analysis revealed that diabetic patients display larger LAA diameters, D1‐lengh (2.09 ± 0.50 vs 1.88 ± 0.54 cm, P = .003), D2‐width (1.70 ± 0.48 vs 1.55 ± 0.55 cm, P = .024), D3‐depth (2.21 ± 0.75 vs 1.99 ± 0.65 cm, P = .017), larger orifice areas (2.8 ± 1.35 and 2.3 ± 1.49 cm2, P = .004), and diminished orifice flow velocity (37.3 ± 17.6 and 43.7 ± 19.5 cm/sec, P = .008).ConclusionsAdverse LAA remodeling in DM patients with AFib is characterized by significantly LAA orifice enlargement and reduced orifice flow velocity. Analysis of LAA geometry and hemodynamics may have clinical implications in thrombotic risk assessment and treatment of DM patients with AFib.
Overlapping communications in gyrokinetic codes on accelerator‐based platforms
Authors: Asahi Yuuichi , Latu Guillaume , Bigot Julien , Maeyama Shinya , Grandgirard Virginie , Idomura Yasuhiro 
Published: November 2019

SummaryCommunication and computation overlapping techniques have been introduced in the five‐dimensional gyrokinetic codes GYSELA and GKV. In order to anticipate some of the exa‐scale requirements, these codes were ported to the modern accelerators, Xeon Phi KNL and Tesla P 100 GPU. On accelerators, a serial version of GYSELA on KNL and GKV on GPU are respectively 1.3× and 7.4× faster than those on a single Skylake processor (a single socket). For the scalability, we have measured GYSELA performance on Xeon Phi KNL from 16 to 512 KNLs (1024 to 32k cores) and GKV performance on Tesla P 100 GPU from 32 to 256 GPUs. In their parallel versions, transpose communication in semi‐Lagrangian solver in GYSELA or Convolution kernel in GKV turned out to be a main bottleneck. This indicates that in the exa‐scale, the network constraints would be critical. In order to mitigate the communication costs, the pipeline and task‐based overlapping techniques have been implemented in these codes. The GYSELA 2D advection solver has achieved a 33% to 92% speed up, and the GKV 2D convolution kernel has achieved a factor of 2 speed up with pipelining. The task‐based approach gives 11% to 82% performance gain in the derivative computation of the electrostatic potential in GYSELA. We have shown that the pipeline‐based approach is applicable with the presence of symmetry, while the task‐based approach can be applicable to more general situations.
Egg laying rather than host quality or host feeding experience drives habitat estimation in the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis
Authors: Koppik Mareike , Thiel Andra , Hoffmeister Thomas S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn variable environments, sampling information on habitat quality is essential for making adaptive foraging decisions. In insect parasitoids, females foraging for hosts have repeatedly been shown to employ behavioral strategies that are in line with predictions from optimal foraging models. Yet, which cues exactly are employed to sample information on habitat quality has rarely been investigated. Using the gregarious parasitoid Nasonia vitripennis (Walker; Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), we provided females with different cues about hosts to elucidate, which of them would change a wasp's posterior behavior suggesting a change in information status. We employed posterior clutch size decisions on a host as proxy for a female's estimation of habitat quality. Taking into account changes in physiological state of the foraging parasitoid, we tested whether different host qualities encountered previously change the subsequent clutch size decision in females. Additionally, we investigated whether other kinds of positive experiences—such as ample time to investigate hosts, host feeding, or egg laying—would increase a wasp's estimated value of habitat quality. Contrary to our expectations, quality differences in previously encountered hosts did not affect clutch size decisions. However, we found that prior egg laying experience changes posterior egg allocation to a host, indicating a change in female information status. Host feeding and the time available for host inspection, though correlated with egg laying experience, did not seem to contribute to this change in information status.
Differential roles of species richness versus species asynchrony in regulating community stability along a precipitation gradient
Authors: Chi Yonggang , Xu Zhuwen , Zhou Lei , Yang Qingpeng , Zheng Shuxia , Li Shao‐peng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPlant community may provide products and services to humans. However, patterns and drivers of community stability along a precipitation gradient remain unclear. A regional‐scale transect survey was conducted over a 3‐year period from 2013 to 2015, along a precipitation gradient from 275 to 555 mm and spanning 440 km in length from west to east in a temperate semiarid grassland of northern China, a central part of the Eurasian steppe. Our study provided regional‐scale evidence that the community stability increased with increasing precipitation in the semiarid ecosystem. The patterns of community stability along a precipitation gradient were ascribed to community composition and community dynamics, such as species richness and species asynchrony, rather than the abiotic effect of precipitation. Species richness regulated the temporal mean (μ) of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), while species asynchrony regulated the temporal standard deviation (σ) of ANPP, which in turn contributed to community stability. Our findings highlight the crucial role of community composition and community dynamics in regulating community stability under climate change.
Electrophoresis of spherical soft particles in electrolyte solutions: A review
Authors: Ashrafizadeh Seyed Nezameddin , Seifollahi Zahra , Ganjizade Ardalan , Sadeghi Arman 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTheories on the electrophoresis of spherical soft particles suspended in an electrolyte solution are thoroughly reviewed. The review predominantly covers studies on the electrophoresis in dilute and concentrated suspensions as well as bounded media, carried out mainly during the past two decades. Moreover, studies on the electrostatics of soft particles are also surveyed. Finally, the research gaps and prospects of the electrophoresis of soft particles are presented.
Fine calculation method for fracture morphology based on microseismic events and its application
Authors: Xiao Yue , Hou Bing , Liu Xing , Cao Bowen , Muhadasi Yeerpulati , Ling Changqing , Xie Lin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMicroseismic monitoring is an effective method to interpret the morphological parameters of artificial fractures (length, height, and orientation), which is the key to the design of hydraulic fracturing. It is difficult to recognize effective fracture shape after fracturing by using microseismic monitoring data only, which results in a very confusing interpretation of fracture morphology that is quite different from reality. Therefore, in this study, we propose an innovative classification method based on the principal component analysis theory combined with fracturing operation parameters (proppant amount and volume) and derived theoretical formulas for calculating the correction coefficients (volume, length, and height) to optimize and describe fracture patterns finely. By applying 36 wells in Qie‐6 block of the Qinghai Oilfield, the microseismic monitoring events were identified, and the fracture morphology and effective stimulated reservoir volume (ESRV) were corrected. This method is a reliable technology for the interpretation of fracture morphology for field hydraulic fracturing construction.
Strong Adsorption of Dieldrin by Parent and Processed Montmorillonite Clays
Authors: Hearon Sara E. , Wang Meichen , Phillips Timothy D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Widespread use of pesticides has resulted in the accumulation of pesticide residues in the environment due to their persistence and stability. To reduce potential exposures, we have developed broad-acting clay-based sorbents that can be included in the diet as enterosorbents to reduce the bioavailability and toxicity of chemicals. In the present study, parent and acid-processed calcium montmorillonite clays (CM and APM, respectively) were used to determine their potential as sorbents of the organochlorine insecticide dieldrin. We used adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics, and dosimetry studies to determine the capacities and affinities of the clays, the enthalpies of the binding reactions, and potential doses of sorbent that could protect against high exposures. Adsorption isotherms for APM fit a Langmuir model with high enthalpy (suggesting chemisorption) and high capacity (Qmax value = 0.45 mol kg–1), indicating tight binding of dieldrin. Cultures of Hydra vulgaris were used to determine the ability of sorbents to protect a living organism from dieldrin toxicity. The inclusion of acid-processed clays resulted in the highest reduction of dieldrin toxicity (70%) in the hydra. Further work indicated that both CM and APM can significantly reduce the bioavailability of dieldrin from soil (p ≤ 0.01). These results suggest that APM (and similar clays) can be effective sorbents of dieldrin and may be included in the diet and/or soil to protect against environmental exposures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:517–525. © 2019 SETAC