bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LA INVESTIGACIÓN ANTROPOLÓGICA EN CENTROAMÉRICA SOBRE LOS PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS: PEQUEÑA INTRODUCCIÓN A SU PASADO Y PRESENTE
Authors: Krotz Esteban 
Published: July 2020

El artículo proporciona un panorama general de los estudios antropológicos centroamericanos sobre los pueblos indígenas de la región. Después de consultar diversas referencias históricas, principalmente de instituciones y publicaciones periódicas especializadas y volúmenes colectivos representativos, se caracterizaron algunos estudios realizados en los diferentes países centroamericanos desde mediados del siglo pasado. El trabajo se basa en una revisión bibliográfica de lo publicado en la región y pretende aportar al conocimiento de las antropologías centroamericanas.
En memoria de la socióloga M.Sc. Cecilia Arguedas Marín (1943-2019)
Authors: Revista de Ciencias Sociales Equipo editorial 
Published: July 2020

La Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Costa Rica dedica esta Sección Especial a la Magíster Cecilia Arguedas Marín, quien fuera su editora durante casi cuatro décadas, quien falleció en el mes de junio del 2019. Doña Cecilia es un ejemplo de entrega a la actividad intelectual, la cual combinó con el activismo social, fiel a su concepción deuna sociología comprometida con el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de los grupos subordinados, la búsqueda de la equidad y la justicia social.
Analyse sur la valeur symbolique des animaux dans les proverbes marocains récoltés à Ouezzane (Nord-Ouest du Maroc)
Authors: Benítez Fernández Montserrat 
Published: July 2020

Dans cet article, on présente une réflexion sur les représentations d’animaux dans le patrimoine oral du Maroc. Un corpus de proverbes a été récolté et ceux-ci ont été comparés avec différentes sources, écrites et orales, telles que des textes sacrés, des « bestiaires » médiévaux, des sources littéraires ou des croyances populaires. L’intention de cette comparaison est d'élargir l'horizon des représentations d’animaux ainsi que d’essayer de trouver l’origine de ces proverbes. Ensuite, les proverbes ont été analysés à la lumière des concepts proposés par l'Anthropologie de la mémoire. Cette information va permettre de donner des réponses à des questions telles que : Pourquoi ces proverbes restent-ils dans la mémoire collective ? Les animaux jouent-ils un rôle spécifique dans le maintien du proverbe ? Pourquoi sont-ils caractérisés dans les proverbes d'une façon et non pas d'une autre ?
Alteraciones fisiopatológicas inducidas por la anemia en el embarazo y en el recién nacido
Authors: Restrepo Mesa Alberto , Robledo Vélez Alvaro , Hoyos V. Amparo , Gutierrez Edelmira 
Published: July 2020

Un total de 99 gestantes: 50 anémicas y 49 no anémicas y sus 104 neonatos atendidos en el Servicio de Obstetricia de la Clínica León XIII del Instituto Colombiano de los Seguros Sociales de Medellín, fueron estudiados para observar variaciones de la hemoglobina, medida de la hemoglobina fetal, búsqueda de hemoglobinas anormales y variación de las proteínas séricas. En las madres se revisó la historia obstétrica y se valoró el tratamiento de las anémicas.Se encontró que la anemia por deficiencia de hierro fue frecuente y puede ser causa de prematurez.La frecuencia de neonatos anémicos provenientes de multíparas no anémicas y de anémicas, parcialmente tratadas, fue de 84% y 82%, respectivamente.
Tuberculosis genital femenina
Authors: Amaya León Hernando 
Published: July 2020

La Ginecología, como tal, es una especialidad joven, afirma Greenhill: sin embargo la historia de la Ginecología, “...empieza, en realidad, con los primeros documentos escritos conocidos: los de los egipcios” (Leonardo -i-).La tuberculosis es una de las enfermedades infecciosas más diseminadas en la raza humana y de vieja data en su conocimiento. Sin embargo, tan solo en 1761 Morgagni1 hizo la primera descripción conocida de la TBC genital, y no hace aún 100 años aparecieron los primeros trabajos de valor científico. Pero un verdadero interés en la materia no se despertó sino hasta hace unos 40 años; de entonces acá, la tuberculosis genital femenina ha llenado muchas páginas de revistas científicas.
Psicodiagnóstico en ginecología y obstetricia
Authors: Isaza Mejía Gustavo 
Published: July 2020

Si damos al interrogatorio una distribución y orientación adecuada, tendremos después de alguna práctica, el mejor de los métodos para descubrir, en la mayoría de los casos, el factor neurótico de la paciente ginecológica, la época de aparición del conflicto emocional que sirvió para desencadenar la neurosis orgánica y en ocasiones casi hasta saber la clase de trauma o agresión síquica sin necesidad de que ella lo manifieste.
Investigación de posibles deficiencias de ácido fólico en anemias graves del ultimo trimestre del embarazo
Authors: Echeverri V. Hernando , Acosta Bendek Eduardo , Fals Borda Enrique 
Published: July 2020

La anemia megaloblústica ocasionada por falta de vitamina B 12 (anemia perniciosa) es rara en la mujer encinta. Esta anemia es más característica de los viejos, y en la mujer trae consigo un descenso de la fertilidad.
Electrocardiograma fetal (E. C. G. F.) en la consulta prenatal
Authors: Jubiz H. Alfonso , Escobar M. Ignacio , Jiménez R. Iván 
Published: July 2020

El electrocardiograma fetal (E. C. G. F.) fue encontrado por primera vez en 1906 por Cremer, utilizando un galvanómetro de cuerda, mientras efectuaba el registro de un electrocardiograma normal en una paciente con embarazo a término.
Estudio completo de 235 abortos
Authors: Duarte Contreras Alberto , Zúñiga Gamboa Ramiro , Uribe Botero Gonzalo , Caro Acevedo María Josefa 
Published: July 2020

Se estudian 235 historias clínicas de abortos del Servicio de Maternidad del Hospital San Juan de Dios, de Cúcuta.
Hubungan Antara Pengetahuan Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah dan Perilaku Bertanggung Jawab Siswa di SMAN 34 Jakarta
Authors: Suhardjo  
Published: July 2020

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa kuat hubungan antara pemahaman tentang pengolahan sampah dengan perilaku bertanggung jawab siswa di sekolah menengah atas 34 Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – Juli 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survey lapangan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa yang bersekolah di SMA Negeri 34. Jumlah total populasi adalah 25 anggota yang terdaftar sebagai anggota KIR di SMAN 34 Jakarta. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini saya memilih untuk menggunakan siswa yang aktif mengikuti organisasi Karya Ilmiah Remaja (KIR). Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner tertutup. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis korelasi.
Pengujian instrumen penelitian berupa uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 16.0. Pengujian validitas dengan analisis correlation item > r tabel. Pengukuran validitas variable pengetahuan berdasarkan nilai pearson correlation > r tabel dari 25 item soal memiliki skor pearson correlation antara -0,089 – 0,915 dan r tabel 0,3809 sehingga terdapat 3 item soal tidak valid dan dihapus, sehingga dalam penelitian ini terdapat 22 item soal. Pengujian validitas dengan analisis correlation item > r tabel. Pengukuran validitas variable perilaku berdasarkan nilai pearson correlation > r tabel dari 25 item soal memiliki skor pearson correlation antara 0,215 – 0,896 dann r tabel 0,3809 sehingga terdapat 3 item soal tidak valid dan dihapus, sehingga dalam penelitian ini terdapat 22 item soal. Pengukuran reliabilitas berdasarkan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha. Nilai reliabilitas pengetahuan sebesar 0,795 dan perilaku 874, artinya nilai tersebut dikategorikan reliabel.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa hubungan antara pengetahuan pengelolaan sampah dan perilaku bertanggung jawab hasilnya tidak signifikan. Hal ini dilihat dari hasil uji korelasi diketahui hailnya adalah 0,928 yang merupakan lebih kecil dari 0,050. Bisa disimpulkan bahwa hubungan pengetahuan pengelolaan sampah dan perilaku bertanggung jawab memiliki hubungan sangat rendah.

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Pengelolaan Sampah, Perilaku, Bertanggung jawab siswa
Return to Work Following Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Jayasekara Mudith , Lam Patrick H. , Murrell George A.C. 
Published: July 2020

Background:There is limited information on patients’ ability to return to work (RTW) after the majority of shoulder surgical procedures.Methods:This study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on 1,773 consecutive patients who underwent shoulder surgery performed by a single surgeon from 2004 to 2017. A validated L’Insalata Shoulder Questionnaire was used to collect information on 32 preoperative factors, which were used for analysis. The questionnaire included the premorbid level of work and the levels preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.Results:Six months following the shoulder operations, 77% of the patients returned to work (40% with full duties and 37% with light duties). Concomitant rotator cuff repair and stabilization was associated with the highest RTW rate (90%) whereas some of the lowest RTW rates were associated with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (56%) and total shoulder arthroplasty (71%). The highest rate of RTW with full duties was associated with debridement for calcific tendinitis (62%). Capsular release provided a significant improvement in work level (on a scale ranging from none to strenuous) from preoperatively to postoperatively (p = 0.0116). Older patients with stiffer shoulders who were not working preoperatively had the lowest RTW rate at 6 months.Conclusions:To our knowledge, this is the largest study of RTW outcomes of shoulder surgical procedures, and it showed that 4 out of 5 patients were able to RTW 6 months postoperatively with approximately half resuming full duties and half, lighter duties. Capsular release was the only procedure to result in a significant improvement in work level within 6 months. The best independent predictors of RTW were younger age, less stiffness, and working preoperatively.Level of Evidence:TherapeuticLevel IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Quantifying the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) of different age segments based on 60 patients
Authors: Weiwei Gao , Xia Zhang , Zhiliang Hu , Yun Chi , shan Zheng Yi , mei Hu Chun , Xiang Yi Yong , Yi Zeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread around the world; therefore, more attention should be paid to the clinical features of COVID-19, with the aim of improving the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Methods: By 15 February 2020, 60 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 had been admitted to Nanjing Second Hospital. We analyzed the clinical features of different age segments infected with COVID-19 prospectively, including epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics; treatment, clinical outcomes, and prognosis of this cohort of patients. Results: The cohort comprised 29 male and 31 female patients (median age = 46.18 years old (range: 18–97). Fifty-five (91.7%) patients had a clear epidemiological contact history. The average incubation period was 7.92 days. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (85%) and cough (75%). Peripheral white blood cell counts were mostly normal at admission, 7 days, and 14 days, with no differences among patients of different ages. The lymphocyte counts of all patients were in the normal range on admission, and after 7 days and 14 days of treatment; however, the lymphocyte count in > 65-year-old patients was less than that in the < 40 and 40–65-year-old groups after 7 and 14 days of treatment (P < 0.05, respectively). At admission, the CD4 T lymphocyte count was within the normal range; however, the CD4 T lymphocyte count in >65-year-old group was less than that in the < 40 and 40–65-years-old groups after 14 days of treatment. The CD4 T lymphocyte counts were 723.46 ± 243.82/ml (< 40), 640.00 ± 242.30/ml (40–65), and 399.88 ± 256.16/ml (> 65) (P =0.0075). The > 65-years-old group had higher levels of lactate dehydrogenase (269.83 ± 73.36 vs. 208.52 ± 35.67 and 243.83 ± 76.66) after 14 days (P = 0.0496). Imaging revealed more lesions in the 40–65 and > 65-year-old groups (P < 0.0001). The days after the nucleic acid detection turned negative in the three age groups were: 9.19 ± 3.93 (< 40), 10.04 ± 4.10 (40–65), and 13.57 ± 2.76 (> 65) (P = 0.0373). After antiviral treatment, together with anti-infection regimen if the patient with lung infection and continuous oxygen inhalation if the patient is hypoxic, all patients achieved total recovery and were discharged with follow-up. Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia generally had an epidemiological history. Older patients showed more extensive lesions upon admission, more severe illness, slower recovery of immune function, the longer viral nucleic acid persistence.
Bezoar types in children and etiological factors affecting bezoar formation
Authors: Dörterler Mustafa Erman , Günendi Tansel , Çakmak Mehmet , Shermatova Saime 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Bezoar is formed as a result of the accumulation of undigested food or foreign substances in the gastrointestinal tract (GIS). The present study aims to investigate the bezoar types seen in children and the etiological factors involved in bezoar formation.
Methods

A total of 16 patients who underwent an endoscopy and/or surgical treatment for bezoar at Harran University, Faculty of Medicine Pediatric Surgery Clinic between 2011 and 2019 were included in the study. The demographic information, laboratory and radiological findings were obtained from the patients’ file records
Results

A total of 10 patients (62.5%) were female with a mean age of 7.8 ± 4.9 years. Phytobezoars were detected in 10 patients, trichobezoars in 2 patients, lactobezoar in 1 patient, and other types in 3 patients. The etiological factors were determined to be congenital GIS anomaly in 6 (37.5%) patients; trichotillomania in 2 (12.5%) patients; mental retardation in 2 (12.5%) patients; ingestion of a foreign body during infancy in 2 (12.5%) patients; high intake of high-fiber fruit in 3 (18.5%) patients; and postoperative dysmotility in 2 (12.5%) patients.
Conclusions

Congenital GIS anomalies are mostly responsible for bezoar etiology in children and phytobezoar is the most common type of bezoar.
The use of the Heter-LP algorithm to reposition antibiotics for managing E. coli mastitis in dairy cattle
Authors: Sharifi Somayeh , Shahreza Maryam Lotfi , Pakdel Abbas , Reecy James M. , Ghadiri Nasser , Atashi Hadi , Motamedi Mahmoud , Ebrahimie Esmaeil 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Mastitis, a disease with high incidence worldwide, is the most prevalent and costly disease in the dairy industry. Environmental mastitis pathogens, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), are major etiological agents of bovine mastitis in well-managed dairy farms. However, there is still a need to develop more efficient, safe, and economical treatments for mastitis. In the current research, Heter-LP, a new system biology-based method of drug repositioning, was applied to potentially identify novel therapeutic avenues for the treatment of E. coli mastitis. On-line data repositories relevant to known diseases, drugs, and gene targets along with other specialized biological information for E. coli mastitis, including key genes with robust bio-signatures, drugs and related diseases were used as input data for analysis with the Heter-LP algorithm. Our analyses identified novel drugs such as Glibenclamide, Ipratropium, Salbutamol, and Carbidopa as possible therapeutics that could be used against E. coli mastitis. Predicted relationships can be used by pharmaceutical scientists or veterinarians to find commercially efficacious medicines or combination of two or more active compounds to treat mastitis.
Characterization of Circulating Mucosal Associated Invariant T cells in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Hassan Mohamed M Abu , Elsafi Salah , Omar Suliman Y Al , Halawaani Hafez , Mansour Lamjed , Woodman Alexander , Ahmed Huda A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Although MAIT cells regulate the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases, their roles in the development of colorectal cancer are still unclear. The objectives of this study is to investigate the level of circulating MAIT cells and the level of expression of the membranous KIRs receptors among CRC patients and control subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolate and of MAIT cells were phenotypically identified by flow cytometry using various monoclonal antibodies. The presence of HLA-C1 and HLA-C2 groups were typed by PCR. Results: The percentage of MAIT cells were higher in CRC patients compared to control subjects. The percentage of MAIT cells was higher in patients with CRC in stage III and IV, but lower in stage II compared with control subjects. High frequency of HLA - C2 among patients with CRC (87%) compared with control subjects (74.4%). The protein expression of MAIT cells associated phenotyping antigens and some KIR receptors such as CD45RA, CD45RO, CD62L, CD11a, CD158a, CD158b, CD158e and CD158f were reported. A relatively lower percentage of CD45RA expression was seen in CRC patients compared with control subjects. There was a significant reduction in CD45RO, CD62L, CD158a, CD158e and CD158f expression in CRC patients. Stratification analysis of 46 CRC patients indicated that the percentages of circulating MAIT cells were lower in stage II and higher in stages III, and IV. The frequencies of circulating MAIT cells had not been reduced in patients with colorectal cancer.Conclusions: The number and level of circulating MAIT cells were evaluated in peripheral blood of CRC patients and control subjects. We compared the frequency of CD158a+MAIT cells in all stages of CRC and control subjects in the presence of its ligand HLA-C2 and found a significantly reduction in all stages of CRC. We stratified CRC patients and found that CD158b+ MAIT cells were decreased as the diseases progress to advancing cancer stages. When comparing the proportion of CD158a and b+ MAIT cells in all stages with control subjects, the results showed inverse correlation with cancer stages in CRC patients and the median gradually decrease in each stage.
Lactobacillus fermentum strains from rice water and lemon pickle with potential probiotic properties and wastewater treatment applications
Authors: Prakash Vidhya , Veedu Archana Palillam Veedu Palillam , Babu Pradeesh , Jothish Abhirami , Nair Sruthy S , Suhail Alin , Prabhakar Meera , Rajan Raveena , S Priyanka , Nair Bipin G , Pal Sanjay 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Enteric infection by faecal contamination of drinking water is a major concern in developing nations contributing to the huge burden of malnutrition and infant mortality. We have developed a holistic approach, named as gut to gutter approach, to treat wastewater treatment, by screening potential probiotic strains from staple food sources. The strains could be potentially used for competing out the enteric pathogens in different applications such as food and wastewater treatment. We focused on two strains isolated from rice water (RS) and lemon pickle (T1), identified as Lactobacillus fermentum and characterized for their probiotic and wastewater treatment capabilities. The strains showed many probiotic properties (tolerance to low pH (pH 3), bile salts up to 0.5% and simulated gastric juice at low pH and binding to extracellular matrix molecules, heparin and gelatin. Auto-aggregation of T1 was in the range of 85% and the strain exhibited significant co-aggregating ability with enteric pathogens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica and E. coli (MDR) with 48%, 79% and 65% respectively. Both strains had a higher binding affinity to gelatin and heparin, compared to widely claimed “probiotic” Bacillus clausii and the pathogenic E. coli ET. The strains had high galactosidase activities. Further, the cell free supernatant from RS showed BLIS (bacteriocin like inhibitory substance) activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica at 60%, 48% and 30% respectively. T1 strains and B. clausii effectively reduced the coliform count by by 90% (1-log) when immobilized in a biofilter to treat wastewater.
Risk factors associated with depressive symptoms in older people based on comprehensive geriatric assessment in Chongqing China
Authors: Duan Jingxi , Wang Xia , Yu Weihua , Deng Yongtao , Tu Qi , Giri Mohan , Xiao Mingzhao , Lü Yang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

As a common geriatric syndrome in the elderly, depression is often associated with many risk factors. The occurrence of depression shows cultural and geographical differences.
Aims

To explore the prevalence of depression and risk factors associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly peoples in Chongqing, China.
Methods

A cross-sectional study based on comprehensive geriatric assessment questionnaire was conducted among 925 participants aged 60 years or older. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Risk factors related to depression were evaluated, including gender, age, education, marital status, type of work, living status, chronic diseases, disability, self-reported health, smoking, alcohol, exercise, and current working status.
Results

219 (23.67%) of elderly participants suffered from depressive symptoms. Unmarried status, older age, poor self-reported health, disability, irregular exercise and chronic diseases were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that independent predictors of geriatric depression included unmarried status, poor self-reported health and disability.
Conclusions

The prevalence of depressive symptoms is high in Chinese old people. Risk factors of depression are mainly social support- and lifestyle- associated. Evaluation of risk factors is a vital strategy for preventing depression and taking interventions.