bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aucubin alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2-mediated signaling activity in experimental traumatic brain injury
Authors: Wang Han , Zhou Xiao-Ming , Wu Ling-Yun , Liu Guang-Jie , Xu Wei-Dong , Zhang Xiang-Sheng , Gao Yong-Yue , Tao Tao , Zhou Yan , Lu Yue , Wang Juan , Deng Chu-Lei , Zhuang Zong , Hang Chun-Hua , Li Wei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Aucubin (Au), an iridoid glycoside from natural plants, has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory bioactivities; however, its effects on a traumatic brain injury (TBI) model remain unknown. We explored the potential role of Au in an H2O2-induced oxidant damage in primary cortical neurons and weight-drop induced-TBI in a mouse model.

Methods
In vitro experiments, the various concentrations of Au (50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, or 200 μg/ml) were added in culture medium at 0 h and 6 h after neurons stimulated by H2O2 (100 μM). After exposed for 12 h, neurons were collected for western blot (WB), immunofluorescence, and M29,79-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. In vivo experiments, Au (20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally at 30 min, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after modeling. Brain water content, neurological deficits, and cognitive functions were measured at specific time, respectively. Cortical tissue around focal trauma was collected for WB, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) staining, Nissl staining, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR), immunofluorescence/immunohistochemistry, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 72 h after TBI. RNA interference experiments were performed to determine the effects of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) on TBI mice with Au (40 mg/kg) treatment. Mice were intracerebroventricularly administrated with lentivirus at 72 h before TBI establishment. The cortex was obtained at 72 h after TBI and used for WB and q-PCR.

Results
Au enhanced the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus, activated antioxidant enzymes, suppressed excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reduced cell apoptosis both in vitro and vivo experiments. In the mice model of TBI, Au markedly attenuated brain edema, histological damages, and improved neurological and cognitive deficits. Au significantly suppressed high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-mediated aseptic inflammation. Nrf2 knockdown in TBI mice blunted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory neuroprotective effects of the Au.

Conclusions
Taken together, our data suggest that Au provides a neuroprotective effect in TBI mice model by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses; the mechanisms involve triggering Nrf2-induced antioxidant system.
Determinants of long acting contraceptive utilization among HIV positive reproductive age women attending care at ART clinics of public health facilities in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia, 2019: a case control study
Authors: Yirsaw Betselot , Gebremeskel Feleke , Gebremichael Gebrekiros , Shitemaw Tewoderos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Long acting and permanent contraceptive methods by far are the most effective, very safe and convenient methods than short acting contraceptive methods. But in less developed countries, use of long acting reversible contraceptive or permanent methods (LARCs/PMs) is very low. Therefore the aim of this study was to identify determinants of long acting contraceptive method utilization among HIV positive reproductive age women.

Methods
An institutional based case control study was conducted among random sample of 354 HIV positive reproductive age women (total of 97.8% response rate) at Anti-Retroviral Therapy clinics from February 20 to March 20, 2019. Case to control ratio was 1:2. A structured questionnaire and information recorded from ART card review were used to collect the data. Each variable was entered in Bivariate analysis with dependent variables and those variables with P-value of ≤ 0.25 were included in the Multivariate analysis. Significance was determined at the level of P-value < 0.05 with 95% CI of AOR.

Results
A total of 354 (33.3% cases and 66.7% controls) HIV positive reproductive age women were interviewed with response rate of 97.8%. The study revealed being in age group of 39 and above [AOR = 0.17, 95% CI (0.06, 0.48)], being divorced/separated and widowed [AOR = 0.05, 95% CI (0.003, 0.61)], having supportive opinion and strongly supportive opinion regarding family planning service availability in ART clinic [AOR = 5.01, 95% CI (1.79, 14.07)], [AOR = 7.81, 95% CI (2.54, 24.01)] and having no future fertility intention [AOR = 7.03, 95% CI (2.73, 18.06)] were statistically significant determinants for long acting contraceptive method utilization.

Conclusion
Woman in age group of 39 and above, having no future fertility intention and being divorced/separated and widowed was found to be determinants of long acting contraceptive method utilization among HIV positive reproductive age women. In addition our study support the WHO Strategic Considerations for Strengthening the Linkages between Family Planning and HIV/AIDS Policies, Programs, and Services.
Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with physical or cognitive training in people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review
Authors: Beretta Victor Spiandor , Conceição Núbia Ribeiro , Nóbrega-Sousa Priscila , Orcioli-Silva Diego , Dantas Luana Karla Braz Fonseca , Gobbi Lilian Teresa Bucken , Vitório Rodrigo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Pharmacologic therapy is the primary treatment used to manage Parkinson’s disease (PD) symptoms. However, it becomes less effective with time and some symptoms do not respond to medication. Complementary interventions are therefore required for PD. Recent studies have implemented transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in combination with other modalities of interventions, such as physical and cognitive training. Although the combination of tDCS with physical and cognitive training seems promising, the existing studies present mixed results. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature is necessary.

Aims
This systematic review aims to (i) assess the clinical effects of tDCS when applied in combination with physical or cognitive therapies in people with PD and; (ii) analyze how specific details of the intervention protocols may relate to findings.

Methods
The search strategy detailed the technique of stimulation, population and combined interventions (i.e. cognitive and/or physical training). Only controlled studies were included.

Results
Seventeen of an initial yield of 408 studies satisfied the criteria. Studies involved small sample sizes. tDCS protocols and characteristics of combined interventions varied. The reviewed studies suggest that synergistic effects may be obtained for cognition, upper limb function, gait/mobility and posture when tDCS is combined with cognitive and/or motor interventions in PD.

Conclusion
The reported results encourage further research to better understand the therapeutic utility of tDCS and to inform optimal clinical use in PD. Future studies in this field should focus on determining optimal stimulation parameters and intervention characteristics for maximal benefits in people with PD.
Upper limb kinematics during the first year after stroke: the stroke arm longitudinal study at the University of Gothenburg (SALGOT)
Authors: Thrane Gyrd , Sunnerhagen Katharina Stibrant , Murphy Margit Alt 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundReduction of compensation and improved movement quality indicate recovery after stroke. Since clinical measures alone are often inadequate to distinguish between behavioral recovery and compensation, kinematic analysis of functional tasks has been recommended.ObjectiveTo quantify longitudinal changes and residual deficits in movement performance and quality during the first year after stroke using kinematic analysis of drinking task.MethodsA total of 56 participants with first ever stroke causing upper extremity impairment were extracted from a non-selected stroke unit cohort (Stroke Arm Longitudinal Study at the University of Gothenburg-SALGOT). Participants needed to able to perform the drinking task with the more-affected arm at least on 2 occasions out of 6 (3 days, 10 days, 4 weeks, and 3, 6, and 12 months) during the first year to be included. A cohort of 60 healthy individuals was used as reference. Longitudinal changes were analyzed using linear mixed models.ResultsMovement time, number of movement units, peak angular velocity of the elbow, peak hand velocity, and trunk displacement improved significantly over the first 3 months with a peak at 6 months. Movement time and peak hand velocity reached levels comparable to healthy at 3 months, but number of movement units, peak elbow angular velocity, trunk displacement, and arm abduction remained different from healthy over the first year after stroke.ConclusionsEven when the recovery patterns of kinematics follow the known nonlinear pattern, not all kinematic measures reach the levels in par with healthy controls at one year post stroke. Since the number of movement units, peak angular velocity, trunk displacement, and arm abduction remained impaired over the first year, they might be the most suited measures to distinguish behavioral recovery from compensation strategies.Trial registrationClinicalTrials:NCT01115348. 4 May 2010. Retrospectively registered.
Effects of high fat diet-induced obesity on vitamin D metabolism and tissue distribution in vitamin D deficient or supplemented mice
Authors: Park Chan Yoon , Shin Yongho , Kim Jeong-Han , Zhu Shuang , Jung Young Sun , Han Sung Nim 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Vitamin D deficiency has been often observed in obese persons. One of the mechanisms suggested for low vitamin D status in obesity was decreased bioavailability of vitamin D (VD) due to sequestration in adipose tissue. However, only few studies have investigated this mechanism via quantifying vitamin D levels from tissues from the obese.

Methods
Six-wk-old C57BL/6 mice were fed 10 or 45% kcal fat (CON or HFD) diets containing 50, 1000 or 25,000 IU vitamin D/kg diet (LVd, CVd or HVd) for 13 wks. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were determined by radioimmunoassay and liver and adipose tissue cholecalciferol (VD) and 25-hydrocholecalciferol (25(OH)D) levels were measured by LC-MS/MS. mRNA levels of jejunal Mttp, Cd36, Sr-b1, Npc1l1, and Abca1 and liver and adipose tissue 25-hydroxylases (Cyp2r1 and Cyp27a1) were determined by real-time PCR.

Results
Serum 25(OH)D levels were affected by dietary vitamin D content but differential effects were observed between HFD and CON groups. When vitamin D intake was at a supplementary level, the HFD-HVd group had lower serum 25(OH)D levels than the CON-HVd group, while there was no significant difference between the HFD and CON groups fed LVd or CVd. Total amount of VD in liver and adipose tissue were significantly higher in HFD-HVd group compared with the CON-HVd group. However, no difference in total amount of tissue VD was observed between the CON and HFD groups fed CVd. In jejunum, mRNA levels of Mttp and Abca1 were significantly higher in HFD groups than CON groups. There was no difference in mRNA levels of liver 25-hydroxylases by both dietary fat amount and vitamin D content.

Conclusion
A significant amount of VD seemed to be stored in the liver and adipose tissue when dietary vitamin D is at a supplementation level; thus excess body adiposity could contribute to relatively low serum 25(OH)D level when vitamin D was supplemented.
Modic changes of the lumbar spine—their association with the lumbar sagittal parameters: A retrospective imaging study
Authors: Mu Xiaoping , Peng Wei , Yu Chengqiang , Xiong Jian , Wei Jianxun , Ou Yufu , Wang Chenglong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The Lumbar sagittal parameters might be related to modic changes (MCs). However, studies on this topic have rarely been reported. The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between the lumbar sagittal parameters and the development of MCs.

Methods
The lumbar sagittal parameters of 321 patients with chronic low back pain from May 2016 to August 2018 were measured on X-ray by using Surgimap surgical planning software. Univariable analyses were used to test the potential variables of interest. Logistic regression models were then performed for the significant parameters to identify the independent factors associated with the development of MCs.

Results
More patients in the MCs group were older with more number of female than in the disc degeneration group (p < 0.05). In the univariate analysis, significant differences were detected for the parameters of lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, intervertebral height index, endplate concave angle, and intervertebral angle only at the L5/S1 level between the two groups. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that a smaller intervertebral height index was positively associated with the development of MCs at the level of L3/4 (p < 0.05). However, the positive role of gender was only for MCs at the L5/S1 level (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The results of this study revealed that there were negative relationships between the lumbar sagittal parameters and MCs. Furthermore, being female and having a narrow intervertebral space were the independent risk factors for the development of MCs at the corresponding lumbar levels. Interestingly, body mass index might be not associated with MCs for the Chinese population.
Clinical outcomes and hemodynamic performance of Dafodil™ aortic and mitral pericardial bioprosthesis: 1-year results from Dafodil-1 first-in-human trial
Authors: Hiremath C. S. , Jain Anil R. , Garg Anurag , Gupta Nirmal , Mishra Yugal K. , Meharwal Zile Singh , Thakur Nityanand , Maslekar Atul A. , Shastri Naman 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Bioprosthesis has been increasingly implanted for the treatment of transvalvular disease across the world. A new Dafodil™ pericardial bioprosthesis (Meril Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., India) recently approved by Conformité Européenne (CE) is a tri-leaflet, stented, bovine valve. The purpose of Dafodil-1 first-in-human trial was to evaluate clinical safety and performance (including hemodynamic parameters) of the Dafodil pericardial bioprosthesis in patients who underwent aortic or mitral valve replacement.

Methods
This prospective, multicenter clinical trial enrolled 60 patients (Aortic: 30 patients; Mitral: 30 patients) from seven sites across India. Safety endpoints were early (≤30 days) and late (> 30 days) mortality and valve-related morbidity. The performance endpoints were hemodynamic performance, improvement in NYHA functional class, and change in the quality of life using SF-12v1 health survey.

Results
From July 2017 to July 2018, 60 patients underwent implantation of the Dafodil pericardial bioprosthesis. Post-operatively, NYHA functional class significantly improved in all the patients (Aortic: 90% NYHA class-I and 10% NYHA class-II; Mitral: 96.55% NYHA class-I and 3.45% NYHA class-II; P < 0.001). There was no death in aortic valve replacement patients till 12-month. In mitral valve replacement patients, early mortalities occurred in three patients, and late mortality occurred in one patient; none of these were valve-related. Freedom from all-cause mortality reported was 93.33% at 12-month. Mean aortic pressure gradient decreased from 52.71 ± 24.47 mmHg [with 0.89 ± 0.70 cm2 effective orifice area (EOA)] pre-operatively to 14.49 ± 6.58 mmHg (EOA: 1.85 ± 0.27 cm2) at 12-month. Overall, the mitral mean pressure gradient and EOA were 4.41 ± 1.69 mmHg and 2.67 ± 0.48 cm2, respectively, at 12-month. Significant improvement (P < 0.05) in the patients’ quality of life was reported at all follow-ups.

Conclusions
The clinical safety and performance of the Dafodil pericardial bioprosthesis were favourable at 12-month. Moreover, a study with a larger patient population and longer follow-up is warranted to further assess the device.

Trial registration
Dafodil-1 trial has been prospectively registered on 10/07/2017 under Clinical Trial Registry-India (http://www.ctri.nic.in). (Registration number: CTRI/2017/07/009008).
The protective effects of liguzinediol on congestive heart failure induced by myocardial infarction and its relative mechanism
Authors: Chen Qi , Zhang Dini , Bi Yunhui , Zhang Weiwei , Zhang Yuhan , Meng Qinghai , Li Yu , Bian Huimin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) is one of the most common causes of cardiovascular diseases in the world. Currently, the drugs used to treat HF in the clinic may cause serious side effects. Liguzinediol, 2, 5-dimethyl-3, 6-dimethyl-pyrazine, is a compound synthesized after the structural modification of ligustrazine (one active ingredient ofSzechwan Lovage Rhizome). We aimed to observe the effects of liguzinediol on preventing HF and explore the related mechanisms.MethodsThe ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery was operated to established the myocardial infarction (MI) model in Sprague–Dawley rats. Cardiac functions were recorded by echocardiography and hemodynamics. The changes in the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS), inflammation, and oxidative stress were detected by radioimmunoassay and Elisa kits. Western blot and real-time PCR were applied to determine the expressions of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway.ResultsFirstly, liguzinediol enhanced the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart in MI rats. Liguzinediol improved ventricular remodeling by reducing myocardial cell necrosis, as well as reducing collagen deposition and myocardial fibrosis. Then, liguzinediol suppressed the activation of RAAS, inhibited the synthesis of pro-inflammation factors, and reduced oxidative stress. In the end, liguzinediol also down-regulated the expressions of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway.ConclusionsLiguzinediol could alleviate HF caused by MI in rats, and the protective effect was associated with the regulation of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway.
Transoral robotic surgery in head and neck district: a retrospective study on 67 patients treated in a single center
Authors: Ionna Fraco , Guida Agostino , Califano Luigi , Motta Gaetano , Salzano Giovanni , Pavone Ettore , Aversa Corrado , Longo Francesco , Villano Salvatore , Ponzo Ludovica Marcella , Franco Pierluigi , Losito Simona , Buonaguro Franco Maria , Tornesello Maria Lina , Maglione Maria Grazia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The anatomical complexity of the oropharynx and the difficulty in reaching its distal portion have always conditioned the surgical accessibility.
Robotic surgery represents an excellent alternative in the treatment of cervico-facial oncological diseases.

Methods
This series comprises all patients managed for head and neck cancer by Trans Oral Robotic Surgery TORS.
The staging assessment, including neck ultrasound and total body PET/CT scan, was performed in each patient according to the TNM classification.
All charts were recorded with the following data: name and surname, age, gender, date of surgery intra or post-operative hemorragia, tumor site, histology, TNM stage, robot set-up time, tumor resection time, whether or not tracheotomy was performed, whether or not neck dissection was performed, insertion of a nasogastric tube or gastrostomy, time to resumption of oral feeding, surgical margins, mean length of hospital stay, adjuvant treatment and follow-up.

Results
From February 2013 to February 2018, TORS was performed in 67 consecutive patients affected by head and neck tumours.
We divided, our sample, in 3 subsites: supraglottic larynx, parapharyngeal space and oropharynx.
Pathology reports confimed malignancy in 44 cases: 8 cases lymphomas, 36 cases of Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 5 cases of benign salivary glands tumors and 18 miscellaneous cases. Neck dissection was performed in 12 cases.
Tracheotomy was perfomed in 3/67 cases for respiratory failures. A nasogastric tube was inserted at the end of the surgical procedure in 21 patients. The mean length of hospital stay was 10 days .
Major complications included post-operative bleeding in 3 patients, 1 exitus for massive bleeding 20 days post-surgery and 1 respiratory failure treated with tracheotomy and monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for 3 days.

Conclusions
Robotic surgery has been considered a valid alternative to traditional open treatment in many specializations with the advantages of an endoscopic procedure, with the same oncological and functional results and with fewer complications. The advantages of this type of surgical technique have been discussed, it is mandatory to focus on the indications and contraindications.
Schizophrenia in the context of mental health services in Palestine: a literature review
Authors: Marie Mohammad , Shaabna Zareefa , Saleh Manahel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Mental health conditions remain a significant cause of disability in the Arab World. Palestinians are predominantly at a higher risk for mental health problems due to their chronic exposure to political violence, prolonged displacement, and others as limited professional, educational, financial opportunities and mental health services. Schizophrenia is an overwhelming mental illness that affects nearly one percent of the various populations throughout the world. Studies have shown patients with schizophrenia die prematurely and have lower life expectancy compared to the general population. Moreover, antipsychotic medications and client’s lifestyle play a significant role in increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. The present study willingly undertakes a literature review on schizophrenia in the context of mental health services in Palestine.

Methods
Studies were identified through PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Semantic Scholar and Elsevier.

Results
Twenty-four studies were included in this review; 11 articles related to schizophrenia and thirteen articles related to mental health services in Westbank and Gaza. Results revealed the life of patients with schizophrenia in Palestine is complicated. Barriers as lacking awareness about mental illness, stigma, inconsistent availability of medications, absence of multidisciplinary teamwork, insufficient specialists, fragmented mental health system, occupation, and other obstacles stand in the face of improving the quality of life among these patients.

Limitations
Palestine is a state that is seeking independence with a scarcity of resources. It has been described as “uncharted territories’’ due to a lack of data, resources and records. As a result, there is insufficient data regarding schizophrenia in Palestine. Therefore, a thesis study that estimated 10 years’ risk of coronary heart diseases in patients with schizophrenia was included.

Conclusions
Recommendations include ending the occupation as the leading cause of mental illness for Palestinians and implementing efficient and effective mental health nursing care through the multidisciplinary work and raising awareness regarding mental illness to fight the stigma.