bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐reported tolerability of veliparib combined with cisplatin and etoposide for treatment of extensive stage small cell lung cancer: Neurotoxicity and adherence data from the ECOG ACRIN cancer research group E2511 phase II randomized trial
Authors: Steffen McLouth Laurie E. , Zhao Fengmin , Owonikoko Taofeek K. , Feliciano Josephine L. , Mohindra Nisha A. , Dahlberg Suzanne E. , Wade James L. , Srkalovic Gordan , Lash Bradley W. , Leach Joseph W. , Leal Ticiana A. , Aggarwal Charu , Cella David , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Wagner Lynne I. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe ECOG‐ACRIN Cancer Research Group trial E2511 recently demonstrated a potential benefit for the addition of veliparib to cisplatin‐etoposide (CE) in patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC) in a phase II randomized controlled trial. Secondary trial endpoints included comparison of the incidence and severity of neurotoxicity, hypothesized to be lower in the veliparib arm, and tolerability of the addition of veliparib to CE. Physician‐rated and patient‐reported neurotoxicity was also compared.Materials and MethodsPatients randomized to veliparib plus CE (n = 64) or placebo plus CE (n = 64) completed the 11‐item Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Gynecologic Oncology Group Neurotoxicity (questionnaire pre‐treatment, end of cycle 4 [ie 3 months after randomization] and 3 months post‐treatment [ie 6‐months]). Adherence analysis was based on treatment forms.Results and ConclusionNo significant differences in mean or magnitude of change in neurotoxicity scores were observed between treatment arms at any time point. However, patients in the placebo arm reported worsening neurotoxicity from baseline to 3‐months (M difference = −1.5, P = .045), compared to stable neurotoxicity in the veliparib arm (M difference = −0.2, P = .778). Weakness was the most common treatment‐emergent (>50%) and moderate to severe (>16%) symptom reported, but did not differ between treatment arms. The proportion of adherence to oral therapy in the overall sample was 75%. Three percent of patients reported clinically significant neurotoxicity that was not captured by physician assessment. Neurotoxicity scores were not different between treatment arms. The addition of veliparib to CE appeared tolerable, though weakness should be monitored.ClinicalTrials.gov IdentifierNCT01642251.
Comprehensive Phytochemical Characterization of Herbal Parts from Kidney Vetch (Anthyllis vulnerariaL.) by LC/MSnand GC/MS
Authors: Lorenz Peter , Bunse Marek , Klaiber Iris , Conrad Jürgen , Laumann‐Lipp Tino , Stintzing Florian C. , Kammerer Dietmar R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExtracts of kidney vetch (Anthyllis vulnerariaL.) are becoming increasingly interesting as ingredients for the health and cosmetics industry. However, comprehensive phytochemical investigations of this plant are scant in the literature. Thus, the aim of the present work was an in‐depth characterization of semi‐polar constituents fromA. vulneraria. To capture a broad spectrum of compounds, the aerial parts ofA. vulnerariawere extracted with EtOH/water and the resulting crude extracts fractionated by partition between AcOEt and BuOH. Secondary plant metabolites were analyzed by HPLC‐ESI‐MSnand GC/MS. In a fraction obtained from the BuOH extractvia Amberlite® XAD‐7 purification glycosides of kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin and rhamnocitrin were detected by LC/MSn, besides flavonoids acylated with meglutol (3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaric acid), acetic and ferulic acids. Moreover, aglycons were analyzed in extracts after 1 N HCl hydrolysis and derivatization with BSTFA. GC/MS analysis of the hydrolysates revealed the incidence of compounds like meglutol, OH/OMe‐substituted benzoic acids, ferulic and fatty acids, flavonoids, sugars and the triterpenoid medicagenic acid. Furthermore, a hemolytic activity was detected in the AcOEt extract using a blood‐agar assay, and this was ascribed to the occurrence of saponins. In a saponin fraction, obtained from the AcOEt extract by chromatographic purification, two main saponins were characterized by LC/MSnand HR‐ESI‐MSn. A pure sapogenin could be isolatedviaVLC and CC purification upon acid hydrolysis of the saponins and assigned to saikogenin D by NMR analysis.
Predicting need for pacemaker implantation early and late after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Mazzella Anthony J. , Sanders Mason , Yang Hannan , Li Quefeng , Vavalle John P. , Gehi Anil 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo identify associations with either early or late permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in order to develop an easily interpretable management algorithm.BackgroundInjury to the conduction system after TAVR occasionally requires PPM. There is limited data on how to identify which patients will require PPM, particularly after discharge from index hospitalization after TAVR.MethodsAll patients having undergone TAVR at the University of North Carolina through August 2019 were identified and records were manually reviewed. Multivariable analyses were performed to identify associations with post‐TAVR PPM due to high‐degree atrioventricular block (HAVB). Comparisons were made between patients with no PPM (n = 304) and PPM required, stratified into early (during index hospitalization, n = 32) and late (during subsequent hospitalization, n = 11) PPM cohorts.ResultsOf the 347 patents included for analysis, 43 (12.4%) underwent post‐TAVR PPM. In multivariable regression models, early PPM was associated with baseline bifascicular block (OR: 42.16; p < .001), requiring any pacing on first post‐TAVR electrocardiogram (ECG) (OR: 31.55; p < .001), and valve oversizing >15% (OR: 3.61; p < .05). Late PPM was associated with baseline right bundle branch block (RBBB) (OR 12.62; p < .001) and history of atrial fibrillation/flutter (OR 4.83; p < .05).ConclusionsBifascicular block, any pacing on first post‐TAVR ECG, and >15% valve oversizing are associated with early PPM, while RBBB and history of atrial fibrillation/flutter are associated with late PPM. We suggest a management strategy for post‐TAVR surveillance and management of HAVB.
Are Seniors Dependent on Benzodiazepines? A National Clinical Survey of Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Victorri‐Vigneau Caroline , Laforgue Edouard‐Jules , Grall‐Bronnec Marie , Guillou‐Landreat Morgane , Rousselet Morgane , Guerlais Marylène ,   FAN‐Network, Feuillet Fanny , Jolliet Pascale 
Published: August 2020

Benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs, zolpidem and zopiclone, (BZD/Z) are used longer than recommended in the elderly population. However, to date, very few attempts have been made to evaluate dependence on BDZ/Z among the elderly population. We conducted a national multicentric observational prospective study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of and risk factors for dependence among elderly adults. Patients aged 65 or older who were treated with BZD/Z for at least 3 months were evaluated through clinical interviews that conformed to official Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) dependence criteria. Among the 1,024 patients included in the survey, 442 of 976 (45.3%) met the dependence criteria. In the multivariate logistic regression model, dependent patients were categorized as follows: younger (odds ratio (OR) = 0.97), living mostly alone (OR = 1.45), showing psychiatric problems (OR = 2.22), having additional treatments (other than BZD/Z; OR = 1.37), having long‐lasting treatment (OR = 1.04), exhibiting significant relationship difficulties (OR = 1.96), committing transgressional behaviors to procure BZD/Z (OR = 2.70), and wanting to stop their consumption of BZD/Z (OR = 7.60). A latent class analysis, which was applied to sort out subgroups within dependent patients, identified two profiles according to the prevalence of dependence items: profile 1 (73%), “withdrawal syndrome when BZD/Z is stopped” (100%) and “previous unsuccessful attempts to stop consumption” (82%); and profile 2 (27%), “tolerance” (76%) and “intake in larger amounts or over a longer period than intended” (86%). BZD/Z dependence is frequent in the elderly population, and among dependent patients, we found two profiles corresponding to positive and negative conditioning of the psychoactive effects of BZD/Z. This study is registered as NCT01920581.
Strategies for the utilization of the USDA mung bean germplasm collection for breeding outcomes
Authors: Sandhu Kulbir , Singh Arti 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlobal and midwestern U.S. agriculture requires diversification and new sources of protein for sustainable crop production. Mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek] as a legume crop has a long cultivation history in Asia; however, its potential lays hitherto underexplored in the United States. As a first step towards exploring mung bean for crop diversification in northern latitudes, crop germplasm centers that harbor worldwide crop resources need to be used. This study explores the potential of mung bean in the U.S. northern latitudes through the utilization of the USDA germplasm resources. Complete collection of USDA mung bean germplasm was screened under Iowa field conditions in 2017, to shortlist 482 accessions to create an Iowa mung bean panel. The Iowa mung bean panel was further characterized for field adaptability traits in 2018 and 2019 and genotyped using genotype‐by‐sequencing (GBS) to conduct association mapping of important traits. Genetic markers were identified for both quantitative trait (days to flowering [DTF], plant height [PHT], leaf drop at maturity [LDMS], 100‐seed weight [SDWT], and Fusarium wilt score [WS]) and qualitative traits (seed color [SC], seed‐coat texture [ST], hypocotyl color [HC], and pod color [PC]). We report FERONIA, a known flowering‐pathway gene, as the candidate gene for the quantitative trait locus (QTL) with largest effect on DTF. In addition, important epistatic interactions were also uncovered for WS and SDWT. Further, accessions with desirable magnitude of traits were identified as potential parents. Diversity analyses and field phenotypic data indicate potential for mung bean improvement to suit midwestern U.S. cultivation.
Environmental DNA metabarcoding for biodiversity monitoring of a highly diverse tropical fish community in a coral reef lagoon: Estimation of species richness and detection of habitat segregation
Authors: Oka Shin‐ichiro , Doi Hideyuki , Miyamoto Kei , Hanahara Nozomi , Sado Tetsuya , Miya Masaki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding approach has been widely used for biodiversity monitoring of fishes, although it has rarely been applied to tropical and subtropical aquatic ecosystems, where species diversity is remarkably high. This study examined the extent to which species richness can be estimated in a small coral reef lagoon (1,500 × 900 m) near Okinawa Island, southern Japan, where the surrounding waters are likely to harbor more than 1,500 species of fish. During 2015–2017, a total of 16 capture‐based surveys were conducted to create a faunal list of fish species, followed by eDNA metabarcoding based on seawater samples taken from 11 sites in the lagoon on a day in May 2019. We also tested whether eDNA metabarcoding could detect differences between adjacent fish communities inhabiting the offshore reef edge and shore‐side seagrass beds within the lagoon. A total of 217 fish species were confirmed by the capture‐based samplings, while 291 fish species were detected by eDNA metabarcoding, identifying a total of 410 species distributed across 119 families and 193 genera. Of these 410 species, only 96 (24% of the total) were commonly identified by both methods, indicating that capture‐based surveys failed to collect a number of species detected by eDNA metabarcoding. Interestingly, two different approaches to estimate species richness based on eDNA data yielded values close to the 410 species, including one that suggested an additional three or more eDNA surveys from 11 sites (36 samples) would detect 90% of the 410 species. In addition, nonmetric multidimensional scaling for fish assemblages clearly distinguished between the fish communities of the offshore reef edge and those of the shore‐side seagrass beds. This study demonstrates that an eDNA metabarcoding approach is useful for estimating species richness and detection of habitat segregation even in ecosystems with remarkably high species diversity.
An Efficient Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Nanomolar Epinephrine and Uric Acid using Low Temperature Synthesized Nano‐sized Copper Telluride
Authors: Pradhan Susmita , Bhattacharyya Banerjee Mahuya , Biswas Sudip , Aliya Hamizi Nor , Das Dipak K. , Bhar Radhaballabh , Bandyopadhyay Rajib , Pramanik Panchanan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHerein we developed a simple, cost effective, electrochemical sensor based on nanosized copper telluride (nps‐CuTe) for simultaneous detection of epinephrine (EP) and uric acid (UA). Voltammetric responses suggests dramatical improvement of electrocatalytic properties of both molecules by incorporating CuTe nps into unmodified graphite paste electrode (bare GP). Differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) measurement depicts large potential separation of 128 mV between EP and UA, allows their simultaneous determination from binary mixture. Under optimized condition, CuTe modified graphite paste electrode (CuTe/GP) manifested linear relationships of EP and UA in the range of 5–60 μM and 5–120 μM with detection limit (S/N=3) of 18 nM and 32 nM respectively. Moreover, CuTe/GP showed satisfactory response towards pharmaceutical and clinical samples for determining EP and UA concentrations.
Precore and Basal Core Promoter Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Variants Are Present From a Young Age and Differ Across HBV Genotypes
Authors: Lau Daryl T.Y. , Ganova‐Raeva Lilia , Wang Junyao , Mogul Douglas , Chung Raymond T. , Lisker‐Melman Mauricio , Chang Kyong‐Mi , Shaikh Obaid S. , Janssen Harry L.A. , Wahed Abdus S. , Lok Anna S. ,   for the Hepatitis B Research Network
Published: August 2020

Background and Aims
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) precore (PC) and dual basal core promoter (BCP) mutations halt and down‐regulate hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) production respectively. PC mutation is rarely associated with HBV genotype A. We sought to examine the association of these variants with HBV genotypes, age, and HBeAg status in a racially diverse population in North America. Prospective study included 1,036 (808 adults, 228 children) participants in the Hepatitis B Research Network. PC and BCP variants were determined by Sanger sequencing, and dominant HBV species (>50%) were reported.

Approach and Results
Median age was 36.3 years (range, 2‐80), 44.6% HBeAg(+), 74.2% Asians, 13.3% black, and 9.7% white. The dominant PC variant was present in 29.4% participants, including 20 with subgenotype A1 or A2. Seventeen of 20 participants with genotype A and PC had a compensatory C1858T mutation. In the HBeAg(+) cohort, the prevalence of PC and/or BCP variants increased from 14.4% in the first two decades to 51% after 40 years of age. Among those aged 2‐18, 52% and 83% with dominant PC and BCP variants were HBeAg(+) compared to 3.8% and 29% in the >40 years age group. HBeAg clearance rates were significantly higher for those with dominant PC or BCP variants: 24.4 and 15.0 per 100 person‐years compared to 6.0 in wild‐type HBV (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
PC variants can be present in HBV genotype A and are usually associated with C1858T, which preserves the pregenome encapsidation sequence. Selection of PC and BCP variants occurred at a young age, with increasing prevalence across age groups. HBeAg(+) participants with dominant PC and BCP variants progressed to the HBeAg(−) phase of chronic HBV infection significantly faster. This finding has potential clinical and therapeutic implications.
The feasibility of a Pet Support Program in an Australian university setting
Authors: Cooke Emily , Henderson‐Wilson Claire , Warner Elyse 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIssue addressedInternationally, universities have recognised the benefits of Pet Support Programs (PSPs). However, existing literature has predominately focused on quantitatively measuring health outcomes associated with a PSP amongst student populations. This research aimed to explore the feasibility of a PSP within an Australian university, as there is a need to explore practical considerations involved in implementation.MethodsThis research used a qualitative descriptive approach. Participants were recruited via purposive snowball sampling. The sample included 17 participants across eight administrative divisions within an Australian university. Semi‐structured individual interviews were used to collect data. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree main themes emerged from the data: Organisational Change, Program Management and Perceived Outcomes. Findings suggest several considerations from both an organisational and program level that need to be addressed prior to implementation, including the university's policies, the location and animal welfare. The main perceived outcomes were stress relief and social support. Ways to minimise risks to those who may have an aversion towards animals were also discussed.ConclusionsParticipants believed implementing a PSP would be feasible in the university setting, provided all aforementioned considerations were adequately addressed. Considerations identified have the potential to act as a barrier or a facilitator depending on how they are managed.So what?Where feasible and later implemented, a PSP could provide Australian university students and staff with an alternative means of improving mental health, providing stress relief and contributing towards the Health Promoting University framework.
Development of a composite indicator to prioritize districts for implementation of human immunodeficiency virus programmes in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Acharya Shrikala , Setia Maninder Singh , Palkar Amol , Chandra Sekar Reddy Dandu , Keskar Padmaja , Deoraj Pramod , Ramien Parthasarthy Mugundu , Narayan Padum , Rajan Shobhini , Saxena Alok 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA key recommendation of the National AIDS Control Programme‐IV of India was to develop new strategies for geo‐prioritization of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. We conducted this study to categorize the districts in Maharashtra (India) based on a multidimensional framework for geo‐prioritization of services. Programmatic data on trends of HIV prevalence, coverage of marginalized populations and vulnerability factors were included. A composite indicator based on these was developed, and the cumulative score was calculated for each district. HIV prevalence among general population has declined steadily from 0.60% in 2007 to 0.33% in 2017. The programme coverage was stable but inadequate for men who have sex with men (MSM). The coverage for female sex workers (FSWs) was inadequate and reduced over time. Nine districts were categorized as high priority, 13 as moderate priority and 11 were classified as low‐priority districts based on burden and vulnerability for HIV. The high‐priority districts were Pune, Solapur and Yavatmal for FSW interventions and Pune, Thane and Latur for MSM interventions. This multidimensional indicator is based on existing programmatic data, dynamic and can be made state‐specific. It is useful to categorize and prioritize districts for allocation of resources and geo‐prioritization of services in resource limited settings.
Depression moderates maternal response to preschoolers' positive affect
Authors: Morgan Judith K. , Silk Jennifer S. , Olino Thomas M. , Forbes Erika E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMaternal depression is associated with disrupted responsiveness during mother–infant dyadic interactions. Less research has evaluated whether responsivity between mother and offspring is altered in interactions during the preschool years, a period of vast socio‐emotional development. In the current study, 72 mothers and preschoolers engaged in a positive emotion‐eliciting task, in which they drew and talked about a recent fun experience, and independent coders separately rated mother and child emotion in 10‐s intervals. Lagged multilevel models demonstrated that for dyads with currently depressed mothers, but not for healthy mothers or mothers with a past history of depression, greater child positive affect was associated with lower frequency and intensity of mother positive affect 10 s later. The effect of mother positive affect on child response was not significant. Findings suggest that the ability to acknowledge, imitate, and elaborate children's positive emotion during early childhood is altered in the context of depression, but that this altered responsiveness may improve with recovery from depression.
Characterization of regional differences in cerebral vascular response to breath holding usingBOLD fMRI
Authors: Chen Chun‐Ming , Yang Hui‐Chieh , Hsieh Hsin‐Hua , Liao Tsai‐Ying , Huang Yen‐Chih , Peng Shin‐Lei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a specific indicator of autoregulatory efficiency. Studies have demonstrated that CVR depends on the baseline vascular dilation status between groups. Within the brain, there also exist spatial variations in both the resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CVR across different cerebral regions. However, the relationship between the regional CBF and CVR remains unclear. Hence, the primary goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between the resting CBF using pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) technique and CVR using blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) technique across different cerebral regions. Eleven male and 14 female young volunteers were recruited in this study. Each subject was asked to perform the breath‐holding challenge to evaluate CVR at 3 T. The resting CBF was measured using pCASL in each subject. The relationships between CBF and CVR across the lobes were evaluated using the Spearman's rank test. The results showed that, for both sexes, the frontal lobe had the maximal resting perfusion but minimal vascular response to hypercapnia, whereas the occipital lobe had the lowest baseline CBF but maximal reactivity to hypercapnia, suggesting low and high autoregulatory efficiencies at high and low resting CBF in the brain, respectively. Sex‐related differences were observed in CBF but not in CVR. These findings may be of clinical interest in the assessment of cerebrovascular reserve and regional‐dependent vascular diseases.