bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autism-like behaviors in male mice with a Pcdh19 deletion
Authors: Lim Jisoo , Ryu Jiin , Kang Shinwon , Noh Hyun Jong , Kim Chul Hoon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMutations in protocadherin 19 (PCDH19), which is on the X-chromosome, cause the brain disease Epilepsy in Females with Mental Retardation (EFMR). EFMR is also often associated with autism-like symptoms. In mice and humans, epilepsy occurs only in heterozygous females who have a mixture of PCDH19 wild-type (WT) and mutant cells caused by random X-inactivation; it does not occur in hemizygous PCDH19 mutant males. This unique inheritance pattern strongly suggests the underlying disease mechanism operates via interference between WT and mutant cells rather than being a result of complete loss of PCDH19 functions. Although it remains unclear whether the other symptoms of EFMR also conform to this unique genotype-phenotype relationship, PCDH19 mutant males were recently reported to demonstrate autism-like symptoms. We, therefore, used a Pcdh19 knockout (KO) mouse model to ask whether a complete lack of PCDH19 causes autism-like behaviors. Consistent with the autism observed in EFMR females, we found Pcdh19 heterozygous KO female mice (with mosaic expression of PCDH19) show defects in sociability in the 3-chamber test. Surprisingly, hemizygous Pcdh19 KO male mice (without any PCDH19 expression) exhibit impaired sociability in the 3-chamber test and reduced social interactions in the reciprocal social interaction test. We also observed that, compared to WT mice, mutant mice display more repetitive behaviors, including self-grooming and rearing. These findings indicate that hemizygous Pcdh19 KO male mice show autism-like phenotypes.
Myocarditis as a lupus challenge: two case reports
Authors: Al-Nokhatha Shamma Ahmad , Khogali Hiba Ibrahim , Al Shehhi Maryam Abdulla , Jassim Imad Tarik 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Myocarditis is an uncommon manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus in which the clinical presentation can range from subclinical to life-threatening. We report cases of two patients who presented to our hospital with myocarditis as an initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus despite negative results of extensive workup that excluded other diagnoses. The mainstays of treatment are corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and anti-heart failure medications, with use of the latter being case-specific. Mycophenolate mofetil was the cornerstone of the proposed treatment for induction of remission, although it is well known to be used as a maintenance therapy in lupus myocarditis.

Case presentation
Both Emirati patients described satisfied the diagnostic criteria for mixed connective tissue disease (systemic lupus predominant) and systemic lupus erythematous. Other differential diagnoses of myocarditis were excluded. The patients were started on pulsed steroid followed by oral steroid, with hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil, and anti-heart failure medications used as needed. Dramatic responses were noted in the first few weeks in terms of symptoms.

Conclusion
Early recognition and treatment of lupus myocarditis is needed to avoid fatal consequences.
Correction to: Susceptibility of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) to chlorhexidine digluconate, octenidine dihydrochloride, polyhexanide, PVP-iodine and triclosan in comparison to hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) and community-aquired MRSA (CA-MRSA): a standardized comparison
Authors: Dittmann Kathleen , Schmidt Thomas , Müller Gerald , Cuny Christiane , Holtfreter Silva , Troitzsch Daniel , Pfaff Peter , Hübner Nils-Olaf 
Published: November 2019

The original article [1] contains an error in Fig. 1 whereby sub-figures 1B, 1C & 1D contain the wrong scale on the x-axis. The correct sub-figures are located ahead in this Correction article and should be considered instead.
Associations of thigh muscle fat infiltration with isometric strength measurements based on chemical shift encoding-based water-fat magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Inhuber Stephanie , Sollmann Nico , Schlaeger Sarah , Dieckmeyer Michael , Burian Egon , Kohlmeyer Caroline , Karampinos Dimitrios C. , Kirschke Jan S. , Baum Thomas , Kreuzpointner Florian , Schwirtz Ansgar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Assessment of the thigh muscle fat composition using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide surrogate markers in subjects suffering from various musculoskeletal disorders including knee osteoarthritis or neuromuscular diseases. However, little is known about the relationship with muscle strength. Therefore, we investigated the associations of thigh muscle fat with isometric strength measurements.

Methods
Twenty healthy subjects (10 females; median age 27 years, range 22–41 years) underwent chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI, followed by bilateral extraction of the proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and calculation of relative cross-sectional area (relCSA) of quadriceps and ischiocrural muscles. Relative maximum voluntary isometric contraction (relMVIC) in knee extension and flexion was measured with a rotational dynamometer. Correlations between PDFF, relCSA, and relMVIC were evaluated, and multivariate regression was applied to identify significant predictors of muscle strength.

Results
Significant correlations between the PDFF and relMVIC were observed for quadriceps and ischiocrural muscles bilaterally (p = 0.001 to 0.049). PDFF, but not relCSA, was a statistically significant (p = 0.001 to 0.049) predictor of relMVIC in multivariate regression models, except for left-sided relMVIC in extension. In this case, PDFF (p = 0.005) and relCSA (p = 0.015) of quadriceps muscles significantly contributed to the statistical model with R2adj = 0.548.

Conclusion
Chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI could detect changes in muscle composition by quantifying muscular fat that correlates well with both extensor and flexor relMVIC of the thigh. Our results help to initiate early, individualised treatments to maintain or improve muscle function in subjects who do not or not yet show pathological fatty muscle infiltration.
The development of Nyonya cuisine in the Malay Archipelago: Penang and Malacca Nyonya cuisine
Authors: Oh Youri , Razak Nurul Fatin Afiqah Hj Abdul , Wee Donovan Hee Tat , Ching Eric Lu , Rahman Zubaidah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNyonya cuisine is widely spread in the Malay Archipelago which is known as fusion of Chinese immigrant and local Malay cuisine. The cuisine has been established and developed with globalisation and movement of people in the region. Furthermore, it is identified as cultural product or image of the society which represents the identity of the people in the society. This study is to understand the establishment and development of Nyonya cuisine in line with the migration of the Peranakans in the Malay Archipelago via the exiting literatures. Data collected are from secondary sources, derived from relevant literatures, media and academic articles and authorised websites relevant to Nyonya cuisine and the Peranakans in the Malay Archipelago. The authors’ observation is also used to grasp the distinction in Nyonya cuisine. As results, Nyonya cuisine is a representative result of cultural hybridisation by migration of the Peranakans into the Malay Archipelago, geographical proximity and political factors. Nyonya cuisine today is further developing along with the influx of global culture into the region which fosters rejuvenation and exchange of cuisine.
High‐Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure and Do‐Not‐Intubate or Do‐Not‐Resuscitate Orders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wilson Michael E , Mittal Aniket , Dobler Claudia C , Curtis J Randall , Majzoub Abdul M , Soleimani Jalal , Gajic Ognjen , Erwin Patricia J , Montori Victor M , Murad M Hassan 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESHigh‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen may provide tailored benefits in patients with preset treatment limitations. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of HFNC oxygen in patients with do‐not‐intubate (DNI) and/or do‐not‐resuscitate (DNR) orders.METHODSWe conducted a systematic review of interventional and observational studies. A search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to October 15, 2018.RESULTSWe included six studies evaluating 293 patients. All studies had a high risk of bias. The hospital mortality rates of patients with DNI and/or DNR orders receiving HFNC oxygen were variable and ranged from 40% to 87%. In two before and after studies, the initiation of HFNC oxygen was associated with improved oxygenation and reduced respiratory rates. One comparative study found no difference in dyspnea reduction or morphine doses between patients using HFNC oxygen versus conventional oxygen. No studies evaluated quality of life in survivors or quality of death in nonsurvivors. HFNC was generally well tolerated with few adverse events identified.CONCLUSIONSWhile HFNC oxygen remains a viable treatment option for hospitalized patients who have acute respiratory failure and a DNI and/or DNR order, there is a paucity of high‐quality, comparative, effectiveness data to guide the usage of HFNC oxygen compared with other treatments, such as noninvasive ventilation, conventional oxygen, and palliative opioids.
Sport and physical activity after stoma surgery: a survey of patient experiences
Authors: Maculotti Danila , Costanzo Carminantonio , Bonometti Stefano 
Published: November 2019

Background: Physical activity accelerates recovery from stoma surgery and enhances overall physical and mental wellbeing. Stoma care nurses and enterostomal therapists should guide ostomates to safely and confidently take part in sporting activities and to perform exercises that improve their core abdominal strength, to prevent prolapse or parastomal herniation. Method: An observational study was undertaken to assess barriers related to sport with a stoma, as well as how to overcome them. This used a mixed-methods online questionnaire, created ad-hoc, based on an analysis of existing literature. A convenience sample of Italian ostomates (with a colostomy, ileostomy and/or urostomy) was recruited through peer support groups. Results: A majority of ostomates still engaged in sport, although most had considered giving up. More than half (58%) did not think their stoma significantly affected their physical activity. Less than a quarter (24%) changed the type of sport they played after their operation. The most popular activities were swimming, walking/hiking, cycling and running. Over half (57%) felt they had not received information on sport with a stoma from a healthcare professional, and 88% believed more thorough patient education was needed. Conclusions: With holistic professional support, ostomates can take control of their lives and overcome the challenges of managing a stoma during physical activity. By guiding patients to start slowly and gradually build up their strength, they can be safely set on the path to a new life.
Effect extract of Ipomoea pes-caprae leaf as anti-inflammatory non immunological in rat Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Safrida Safrida , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Agusdinianti Nurul A. 
Published: November 2019

Ipomoea pes-caprae is one of the plants in Indonesia that has the potential as a traditional herbal medicine to treat inflammation. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of I. pes-capraeleaf extract as anti-inflammatory in edema rats induced by 5% egg white solution. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisted of 5 treatments, each consisted of 5 rats.The treatment consisted of KN = negative control, KP = positive control, giving of 25 mg diclofenac sodium, K 100 = giving 100 mg kg-1body weight (BW) of I. pes-capraeleaf extract , K300 = 300 mg kg-1BW of I. pes-capraeleaf extract, and K500 = 500 mg kg-1BW of I. pes-capraeleaf extract. The anti-inflammatory data obtained were tested statistically with a one-way ANOVA test at 99% confidence level and followed by Duncan's test. The ANOVA test results showed that the giving ofI. pes-capraeleaf extract had a very significant effect (p 0.01) on the percentage of inflammatory, obtained Fcount Ftable, 21.46 4.79 at the level of α = 0.01. The treatment of I. pes-capraeleaf extract of 500 mg kg-1BW had the effect of decreasing the volume of edema with the positive control variable using diclofenac sodium 25 mg. It is concluded that I. pes-capraeleaf extract can be used as an anti-inflammatory by decreasing rat feet edema volume. I. pes-capraeleaf extract has a prospect for non-immunological inflammatory natural drug candidates.
Heavy metals concentration and histopathological profile of some commercial fish species at Makoko Slum Neighbourhood Environment, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ayoola Simeon O. 
Published: November 2019

Potentially harmful substances such as pesticides, heavy metals, and hydro chemicals are often released into the aquatic environment. The objective of the present study was to assess the concentration of lead, copper, cadmium, chromium, and nickel in water samples from two different points (Mid-stream and downstream), also determine the levelsof Lead, Zinc, Manganese and copper in four commercially important fish species, Pseudotolithus senegalensis (croaker fish) and Ethmalosa fimbriata (bonga), Oreochromis mossambicus (Tilapia fish) and Bagrus bayad (silver catfish) from Makoko water body, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. Histopathological profile of the fish species selected was also examined. The results were compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) acceptable limit.The concentrations of the heavy metals were analyzed using Perkin Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Pseudotholithus senegalensishad 3.01±0.02, 2.41±0.02, 3.48±0.01, 1.04±0.10 mg kg-1as the mean concentration of lead, zinc, manganese, and copper respectively, while E. fimbriatahad 1.06±0.02, 2.41±0.02, 4.14±0.01, 1.04±0.10 mg kg-1,O. mossambicushad 2.09±0.02, 3.11±0.04, 2.48±0.02, 0.62±0.01 mg kg-1and B. bayadhad 1.53±0.12, 3.61±0.05, 2.44±0.03, 0.66±0.01 mg kg-1 as the mean concentration of these metals in the tissues of these fishes. The concentrations of heavy metals were higher in the gills compared to other organs. The mean concentration of each heavy metal were varied significantly (p0.05) depending on the species of fish. In the histological analysis of the tissues, there was vacuolation of hepatocytes, inflammation, and necrosis. In the muscle, there was a mild lesion, necrosis, inflammation, and cellular degenerations. But the level of tissue and organ degeneration is more severe in the gills. The study showed that some levels of these metals were within the permissible recommended allowed limit for human consumption. It is concluded that Makoko Lagoon water body and fishes are heavily contaminated with heavy metals.
Sabores y saberes en la escuela: experiencia de intervención educativa
Authors: Rodríguez Guarín Alejandra María , Potosí Rodríguez Sandra Faisuler , Calvache Muñoz Mabel Cristina , Rodríguez Guarín Salomón 
Published: November 2019

Investigación descriptiva y de corte etnográfico, a partir de la estrategia “Sembrando vida para crecer sanos”, dirigida a escolares de dos instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Popayán, Cauca (Colombia). En su implementación se analizaron dos tensiones presentes en la configuración de los hábitos alimentarios de los escolares producto de la interacción de los saberes-aprendizajes de la familia, y los gestados en otros escenarios de relacionamiento en la escuela, como la tienda/restaurante escolar o el recreo, junto con narrativas y significaciones del alimento. Entre sus resultados, se encuentra la generación de diálogos de saberes alrededor de prácticas alimentarias cotidianas, revitalizadas en la escuela como institucionalidad legitimada para la formación de hábitos o costumbres. Se destaca la construcción de didácticas para fomentar el consumo de frutas y verduras, y la integración de conceptos como: gestión del territorio, soberanía-seguridad alimentaria y nutrición a los PEI[1]de las instituciones.
[1] Proyecto Educativo Institucional.
Estrategia didáctica para la comprensión de dilemas morales con apoyo en las TIC
Authors: Gómez Martínez María Trinidad , Rodríguez Suárez Rafael Iván 
Published: November 2019

El proyecto consistió en diseñar y desarrollar una estrategia didáctica que permitiera integrar las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la apropiación de dilemas morales en los niveles básica y media de instituciones educativas de la provincia de Guanentá (departamento de Santander, Colombia). La propuesta buscó responder a las necesidades de construcción de conocimiento en el campo de la educación en competencias ciudadanas. Asimismo, el uso de dilemas morales propició espacios reflexivos que afianzaron la dimensión moral, social, afectiva y cognitiva de los estudiantes. La metodología se basó en el paradigma de la investigación-acción (I-A) en educación, siendo un proyecto de innovación pedagógica. El desarrollo se planteó en tres fases: reflexión; planeación y ejecución de acciones; y evaluación de resultados. La población estuvo conformada por seis núcleos geográficos de la provincia de Guanentá. Los resultados evidenciaron un impacto positivo y transformador en las prácticas educativas de los beneficiarios.
Prosodic change and the (apparent) irregularities in the development of segments
Authors: Hill Eugen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccording to the so-called Prosodic Change Hypothesis, sound change may be irregular if it is caused by a change in prosodic features of units to which the relevant segments belong. This theoretically not implausible hypothesis may provide an explanation for the well-known fact that some instances of sound change display what appears to be unexplainable exceptions. The present paper investigates the question of what kind of data can be used to verify the Prosodic Change Hypothesis. The paper establishes criteria which should be applied to potential evidence and demonstrates that, at present, the Prosodic Change Hypothesis has not yet been confirmed by reference to actual instances of sound change.
From Athenian fleet to prophetic eschatology. Correlating formal features to themes of discourse in Ancient Greek
Authors: Ioannou Georgios 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis is a diachronic corpus-based semantic analysis of the verbplēróōin Ancient Greek, from 6th c. BCE to the 2nd c.ce. Adopting the usage-based profile approach, it inquiries into the relation between formal features and themes of discourse, following the methodological consequences of two theoretical assumptions: first, that textual themes have a prototypical structure. Second, that formal features as a conceptual schematicity underlying the elaborated and situated level of discourse are immanent to these themes. Methodologically, it implements a Multiple Correspondence Analysis for each century, exploring the contribution of the formal and a fine-grained range of semantic features to the variation, as well as the strength of association between them. In order to test the plausibility of the immanence hypothesis, the analysis implements a Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering for the totality of data over the eight-century period, comparing the results of the latter with the individual MCA analyses.
Analytical and asymptotic evaluations of Dawson’s integral and related functions in mathematical physics
Authors: Nijimbere Victor 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dawson’s integral and related functions in mathematical physics that include the complex error function (Faddeeva’s integral), Fried–Conte (plasma dispersion) function, Jackson function, Fresnel function and Gordeyev’s integral are analytically evaluated in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function.
And hence, the asymptotic expansions of these functions on the complex plane

{\mathbb{C}}

are derived by using the asymptotic expansion of the confluent hypergeometric function.
MicroRNA-181a-5p regulates inflammatory response of macrophages in sepsis
Authors: Huang Zheng , Xu Hang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of miR-181a-5p in sepsis, and to further explore the molecular mechanism. RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with 1 μg/ml LPS for 4 hours. Firstly, qRT-PCR and ELISA was adopted to evaluate the expression of miR-181a-5p and p ro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 macrophages a fter LPS stimulation. Results showed that pro-inflammatory cytokines and miR-181a-5p were significantly increased after LPS treatment. Then, we identified that sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) was a direct target of miR-181a-5p and it was down-regulated in LPS treated RAW264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, the data suggested that the miR-181a-5p inhibitor significantly inhibited LPS enhanced inflammatory cytokines expression and NF-κB pathway activation, and these changes were eliminated by SIRT1 silencing. Moreover, the role of the miR-181a-5p inhibitor on sepsis was studied in vivo. We found that the miR-181a-5p inhibitor significantly decreased the secretion of inflammatory factors, and the levels of creatine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in a serum for mice with sepsis. However, all the effects were reversed by SIRT1-siRNA. In summary, these results indicated that miR-181a-5p was involved in sepsis through regulating the inflammatory response by targeting SIRT1, suggesting that miR-181a-5p may be a potential target for the treatment of sepsis.
Language and culture in comparative political theory
Authors: Vincent Andrew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The essay explores an oblique perspective on language via the field of comparative political theory* (*hereafter CPT). The essay sketches briefly some of the conceptual architecture and genealogy of the comparative political theory enterprise and investigates more specifically the uses of the concepts of culture and language within the core arguments. The discussion distinguishes three rough categories of CPT and correlates these with understandings of language. The discussion then turns to certain problematic aspects of CPT concerned with the concepts of political theory, comparison within political studies and the concept of culture itself. The essay concludes on a critical and circumspect note on the status of CPT within contemporary understandings of political theory.
Reporting on the “Guidelines for Communicating Rights to Non-Native Speakers of English in Australia, England and Wales, and the USA” and their application in England and Wales
Authors: Jackman Zora 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Abstract: The article discusses a set of Guidelines which result from the work of the Communication of Rights Group comprising linguists, psychologists, lawyers and interpreters.
The Guidelines document’s primary aim is to inform police, lawyers and judicial officers about linguistic issues which impact non-native speakers of English in police interviews, particularly in the communication of rights. The recommendations address the wording and grammar of the rights as well as their wider communication to non-native speaker suspects, including informing those suspects about access to an interpreter, and evaluation of whether or not a non-native speaker of English has understood the rights.
It is not the purpose of the Guidelines to replace the right to a professional interpreter; such right needs to be clearly defined. The role of the interpreter in exercising such right also needs to be considered.
The article examines the current relevant legislation and guidelines in England and Wales and compares them with the proposed recommendations.