bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment of Depigmented Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on Cecal Fermentation in Rats
Authors: Han Kyu‐Ho , Jibiki Takeshi , Fukushima Michihiro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRaw depigmented turmeric powder (TP) and hydrothermally treated TP (HT‐TP) contain non‐digestible saccharides with fiber and RS contents of 53.3% and 39.9%, respectively. Starch granules in TP and HT‐TP are observed under a petrographic microscope. The native and partly digested starch granules hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes, are also observed under SEM. In an animal study, cecal total SCFA concentration in rats fed 10% TP diet followed by 10% HT‐TP diet is (p < 0.05) higher than the control diet, while acetate and n‐butyrate concentrations in 10% HT‐TP diet are (p < 0.05) lower than in the 10% TP diet, which is still higher than the control diet. These data indicate that starch in HT‐TP is resistant to gelatinization and/or enzymatic digestion; thus, HT‐TP may be a useful food material conducive for increasing intestinal fermentation.
The identity, typification and nomenclature of three Linnaean names referable to Leucas (Lamiaceae) from India
Authors: Sunojkumar Purayidathkandy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe species of Lamiaceae described in 1753 by Linnaeus as Phlomis zeylanica L. (= Leucas zeylanica (L.) R.Br.) and Phlomis indica L. (= Leucas indica (L.) R.Br.) are distinct. The neotype designated for Phlomis indica L. belongs to a different taxon, hence a specimen from the Linnaean Herbarium (LINN) is redesignated as neotype. Leucas lavandulifolia Sm. is the legitimate name for the Linnaean species Leonurus indicus L. The south Indian endemic variety Leucas lavandulifolia var. decipiens (Hook.f.) Chandrab. & S.R.Sriniv. is neotypified. A key to the four taxa is provided.
Chinese multinationals on the New Silk Route: Managing political risk by branding the nation
Authors: Zhang Yan , Tsang Denise , Fuschi David L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThough Chinese multinational enterprises (CMNEs) have brought investment and opportunities to countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, there has been scepticism regarding the content and context of their investment. On the one hand, infrastructural development contributes to GDP formation and enhances the efficiency of productive inputs where international trade enhances technology and export development, which jointly provides a path to economic growth. On the other hand, critical issues such as debt sustainability and national sovereignty among countries that have gone through the decolonization process mean that CMNEs need to grasp the implication of political risk when investing. This article focuses on South and Southeast Asia, where China has historical socio‐economic relationship, and proposes a nation branding model combining tradition and modernity which can be the way forward for CMNEs to mitigate political risk in relation to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) investment. Nation branding of BRI could be seen as a continuity of China's unfinished business in globalization that has preceded the modern polity; nevertheless, there is a need to communicate a coherent and authentic message that reflects the reality of business operations.
S-duality and the double copy
Authors: Alawadhi Rashid , Berman David S. , Spence Bill , Veiga David Peinador 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The double copy formalism provides an intriguing connection between gauge theories and gravity. It was first demonstrated in the perturbative context of scattering amplitudes but recently the formalism has been applied to exact classical solutions in gauge theories such as the monopole and instanton. In this paper we will investigate how duality symmetries in the gauge theory double copy to gravity and relate these to solution generating transformations and the action of SL(2, ℝ) in general relativity.
Reductions of exceptional field theories
Authors: Berman David S. , Otsuki Ray 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Double Field Theory (DFT) and Exceptional Field Theory (EFT), collectively called ExFTs, have proven to be a remarkably powerful new framework for string and M-theory. Exceptional field theories were constructed on a case by case basis as often each EFT has its own idiosyncrasies. Intuitively though, an En − 1(n − 1) EFT must be contained in an En(n) ExFT. In this paper we propose a generalised Kaluza-Klein ansatz to relate different ExFTs. We then discuss in more detail the different aspects of the relationship between various ExFTs including the coordinates, section condition and (pseudo)-Lagrangian densities. For the E8(8) EFT we describe a generalisation of the Mukhi-Papageorgakis mechanism to relate the d = 3 topological term in the E8(8) EFT to a Yang-Mills action in the E7(7) EFT.
Universal 3d Cardy block and black hole entropy
Authors: Choi Sunjin , Hwang Chiung 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We discuss the Cardy limit of 3d supersymmetric partition functions which allow the factorization into the hemisphere indices: the generalized superconformal index, the refined topologically twisted index and the squashed sphere partition function. In the Cardy limit, the hemisphere index can be evaluated by the saddle point approximation where there exists a dominant saddle point contribution, which we call the Cardy block. The Cardy block turns out to be a simple but powerful object as it is a building block of other partition functions in the Cardy limit. The factorization to the Cardy block allows us to find universal relations among the partition functions, which we formulate as index theorems. Furthermore, if we consider a holographic 3d SCFT and its large N limit, those partition functions relate to various entropic quantities of the dual gravity theory in AdS4. As a result, our result provides the microscopic derivation of the universal relations among those entropic quantities of the gravity theory. We also discuss explicit examples, which confirm our general index theorems.
A remark on nonlocal Neumann conditions for the fractional Laplacian
Authors: Abatangelo Nicola 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe show how nonlocal boundary conditions of Robin type can be encoded in the pointwise expression of the fractional operator. Notably, the fractional Laplacian of functions satisfying homogeneous nonlocal Neumann conditions can be expressed as a regional operator with a kernel having logarithmic behaviour at the boundary.
A features subtraction system for rotational parts based on manufacturing and metal removing concepts
Authors: Al-wswasi Mazin , Ivanov Atanas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAutomatic feature recognition (AFR) techniques represent an essential tool that links computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided process planning (CAPP) systems. This is by converting low-level geometric entities of part design models created in CAD systems to manufacturing features which are used in CAPP. Whilst different AFR systems have been developed for the purpose of recognising final manufacturing features of a part, most of them do not solve features intersecting issues. The features intersecting is an unavoidable matter that occurs during the rough cutting cycle and forms intermediate manufacturing features. This paper presents a “features subtraction” methodology for solving manufacturing features intersection issues of rotational parts. The system takes the recognised external and internal manufacturing features from a smart interactive AFR (SI-AFR) system as an input. After seven steps of processing, it provides geometrical and topological information of intermediate and final features that can be used to automatically generate CAPP outputs, such as selecting machining process, sequence of operations, cutting tools and cutting conditions, and generating the G-code for machining the part. This has been written using C# coding, and several examples have been processed for this paper to validate the system.
Credit default swap spreads: market conditions, firm performance, and the impact of the 2007–2009 financial crisis
Authors: Fu Xiaoqing , Li Matthew C. , Molyneux Philip 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe employ a multi-factor analysis from both a firm-specific (microeconomic) and market-specific (macroeconomic) perspective to examine the determinants of credit default swap (CDS) spreads in the USA, the UK and Japan between 2005 and 2012. We investigate both aggregate (cross-country) and individual market data so that a comparative analysis can be performed. Our results reveal that (i) in general, Tobin’s Q, stock market returns, and the risk-free interest rate possess significant explanatory power for CDS spreads; (ii) the relationship identified is found to exist in all three markets with varying strength; (iii) despite the added information flow, the 2007–2009 financial crisis did not shorten the persistence (adjustment speed) of CDS spreads to variations in our explanatory variables; and (iv) degree of firm leverage appears to have a significant influence on CDS spreads. These results are robust to various model specifications. Synthesizing our overall results, we maintain that to reap the benefits of using CDSs as a risk management tool, greater attention should be devoted to supporting a stable market (economic and financial) environment. This paper contributes to elucidate how firm performance and macroeconomic conditions play a significant role in explaining CDS spreads.
Autoimmune encephalitis as a differential diagnosis of schizophreniform psychosis: clinical symptomatology, pathophysiology, diagnostic approach, and therapeutic considerations
Authors: Endres Dominique , Leypoldt Frank , Bechter Karl , Hasan Alkomiet , Steiner Johann , Domschke Katharina , Wandinger Klaus-Peter , Falkai Peter , Arolt Volker , Stich Oliver , Rauer Sebastian , Prüss Harald , van Elst Ludger Tebartz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrimary schizophreniform psychoses are thought to be caused by complex gene–environment interactions. Secondary forms are based on a clearly identifiable organic cause, in terms of either an etiological or a relevant pathogenetic factor. The secondary or “symptomatic” forms of psychosis have reentered the focus stimulated by the discovery of autoantibody (Ab)-associated autoimmune encephalitides (AEs), such as anti-NMDA-R encephalitis, which can at least initially mimic variants of primary psychosis. These newly described secondary, immune-mediated schizophreniform psychoses typically present with the acute onset of polymorphic psychotic symptoms. Over the course of the disease, other neurological phenomena, such as epileptic seizures, movement disorders, or reduced levels of consciousness, usually arise. Typical clinical signs for AEs are the acute onset of paranoid hallucinatory symptoms, atypical polymorphic presentation, psychotic episodes in the context of previous AE, and additional neurological and medical symptoms such as catatonia, seizure, dyskinesia, and autonomic instability. Predominant psychotic courses of AEs have also been described casuistically. The term autoimmune psychosis (AP) was recently suggested for these patients. Paraclinical alterations that can be observed in patients with AE/AP are inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathologies, focal or generalized electroencephalographic slowing or epileptic activity, and/or suspicious “encephalitic” imaging findings. The antibody analyses in these patients include the testing of the most frequently found Abs against cell surface antigens (NMDA-R, CASPR2, LGI1, AMPA-R, GABAB-R), intracellular antigens (Hu, Ri, Yo, CV2/CRMP5, Ma2 [Ta], amphiphysin, GAD65), thyroid antigens (TG, TPO), and antinuclear Abs (ANA). Less frequent antineuronal Abs (e.g., against DPPX, GABAA-R, glycine-R, IgLON5) can be investigated in the second step when first step screening is negative and/or some specific clinical factors prevail. Beyond, tissue-based assays on brain slices of rodents may detect previously unknown antineuronal Abs in some cases. The detection of clinical and/or paraclinical pathologies (e.g., pleocytosis in CSF) in combination with antineuronal Abs and the exclusion of alternative causes may lead to the diagnosis of AE/AP and enable more causal therapeutic immunomodulatory opportunities.
Purchasing unpackaged food products
Authors: Marken Gesa Henriette , Hörisch Jacob 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe food industry causes substantial environmental pressure through generating an increasing amount of plastic waste. This research deals with stores which address this issue, by offering unpackaged food products. As such concepts depend on the support of consumers, a quantitative survey among consumers is conducted. Building on norm activation theory, this paper investigates which individual factors support packaging free purchasing and what barriers hinder consumers to purchase unpackaged food products. Additionally, it is tested whether the perception of barriers towards purchasing unpackaged food products mediates the influence of pro-environmental personal norms on purchasing unpackaged food products. The main barriers identified include a lack of awareness of unpackaged food offerings as well as the restricted range of available unpackaged products. Additionally, the results show that pro-environmental personal norms foster purchasing of unpackaged food. However, this influence is not mediated by the perception of barriers towards purchasing unpackaged food products. Based on these findings, possible interventions are identified, such as in-store marketing, which increase the awareness about unpackaged food offerings, or educational campaigns, which sensitize consumers for the consequences of plastic waste.
Ion recognition properties of new pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide bearing propeller-like pendant residues: multi-spectroscopic approach
Authors: Wagner-Wysiecka Ewa , Łukasik Natalia , Okuniewski Andrzej , Galiński Błażej 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe synthesis and ion binding properties of new amide derived from propeller-like tris(2-pyridyl)amine and 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid chloride were described. Amide binds divalent metal cations: copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II), and lead(II) in acetonitrile. In acetonitrile:water mixture (9:1 v/v) amide interacts only with copper(II) and nickel(II) cations forming complexes of 1:1 stoichiometry. It was found that the introduction of bulky, nitrogen donor atom bearing pendant groups can influence coordination mode of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamides. The probable model of ligand-ion interactions is proposed on the basis of1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy.Graphic abstract
Diversified spatial keyword search on RDF data
Authors: Cai Zhi , Kalamatianos Georgios , Fakas Georgios J. , Mamoulis Nikos , Papadias Dimitris 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe abundance and ubiquity of RDF data (such as DBpedia and YAGO2) necessitate their effective and efficient retrieval. For this purpose, keyword search paradigms liberate users from understanding the RDF schema and the SPARQL query language. Popular RDF knowledge bases (e.g., YAGO2) also include spatial semantics that enable location-based search. In an earlier location-based keyword search paradigm, the user inputs a set of keywords, a query location, and a number of RDF spatial entities to be retrieved. The output entities should be geographically close to the query location and relevant to the query keywords. However, the results can be similar to each other, compromising query effectiveness. In view of this limitation, we integrate textual and spatial diversification into RDF spatial keyword search, facilitating the retrieval of entities with diverse characteristics and directions with respect to the query location. Since finding the optimal set of query results is NP-hard, we propose two approximate algorithms with guaranteed quality. Extensive empirical studies on two real datasets show that the algorithms only add insignificant overhead compared to non-diversified search, while returning results of high quality in practice (which is verified by a user evaluation study we conducted).
The Early and Middle Holocene Lithic Industries of Ifri n’Etsedda (Eastern Rif, Morocco)
Authors: Broich Manuel , Potì Alessandro , Linstädter Jörg , Gibaja Juan F. , Mazzucco Niccolò , Conesa Margarita Vadillo , Mikdad Abdeslam , Weniger Gerd-Christian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractArchaeological research has been carried out in the Eastern Rif (Morocco) since 1995 by a collaborative Moroccan-German research team. A major topic of the project is the transition from hunting-gathering to food production and related cultural developments. Innovations such as pottery and domesticated species appeared around 7.6 ka calBP. The cultivation of cereals and pulses is evident at that time. Two of the most important sites in the area are Ifri Oudadane and Ifri n’Etsedda. Both provide Epipaleolithic as well as Neolithic deposits. While innovative technologies such as pottery production and cultivation indicate external influences, lithic artifacts demonstrate local technological and behavioral traditions. Therefore, the study of lithic industries is crucial to understanding the nature of cultural continuity and discontinuity between the hunting-gathering and agricultural populations in the Eastern Rif. Ifri n’Etsedda provides two distinct Epipaleolithic deposits and thus offers the opportunity to study possible changes throughout the Epipalaeolithic and relationship to the later Early Neolithic (ENC). In combination with the earlier phases of Early Neolithic assemblages (ENA, ENB) at Ifri Oudadane, we are now in a better position to understand the development of early-to-mid Holocene lithic technology in the Eastern Rif. We show that the lithic record of Ifri n’Etsedda does not indicate any significant change in raw material supply, blank production, and tool distribution from the Early Epipaleolithic to the Early Neolithic B. Therefore, we argue for behavioral continuity from the Epipaleolithic to the Neolithic period. In contrast, the assemblages of the Early Neolithic C show changes in lithic technology.
A posteriori error analysis and adaptive non-intrusive numerical schemes for systems of random conservation laws
Authors: Giesselmann Jan , Meyer Fabian , Rohde Christian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article considers one-dimensional random systems of hyperbolic conservation laws. Existence and uniqueness of random entropy admissible solutions for initial value problems of conservation laws, which involve random initial data and random flux functions, are established. Based on these results an a posteriori error analysis for a numerical approximation of the random entropy solution is presented. For the stochastic discretization, a non-intrusive approach, namely the Stochastic Collocation method is used. The spatio-temporal discretization relies on the Runge–Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin method. The a posteriori estimator is derived using smooth reconstructions of the discrete solution. Combined with the relative entropy stability framework this yields computable error bounds for the entire space-stochastic discretization error. The estimator admits a splitting into a stochastic and a deterministic (space-time) part, allowing for a novel residual-based space-stochastic adaptive mesh refinement algorithm. The scaling properties of the residuals are investigated and the efficiency of the proposed adaptive algorithms is illustrated in various numerical examples.
Administration of the vasopressin analog desmopressin for the management of bleeding in rectal cancer patients: results of a phase I/II trial
Authors: Iseas Soledad , Roca Enrique L. , O’Connor Juan M. , Eleta Martin , Sanchez-Luceros Analia , Di Leo Daniela , Tinelli Marcelo , Fara Maria L. , Spitzer Eduardo , Demarco Ignacio A. , Ripoll Giselle V. , Pifano Marina , Garona Juan , Alonso Daniel F. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryPurpose The vasopressin analog desmopressin (dDAVP) is known to increase plasma levels of hemostatic factors, and preclinical studies in colorectal cancer models have demonstrated that it hampers tumor vascularization and metastatic progression. We evaluated safety and preliminary efficacy of dDAVP in rectal cancer patients with bleeding, before receiving specific oncologic treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Methods Patients with rectal cancer having moderate or severe rectal bleeding were enrolled in an open-label, dose-finding trial. Intravenous infusions of dDAVP were administered during two consecutive days in doses from 0.25 to 2.0 µg/kg, using single or twice daily regimen. Bleeding was graded using a score based on the Chutkan scale and tumor perfusion was evaluated by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Results The trial accrued a total of 32 patients. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred in patients receiving 1 µg/kg or higher. The most prominent treatment-related severe adverse event was hyponatremia. Most patients receiving the maximum tolerated dose of 0.5 µg/kg showed at least a partial hemostatic response and 58% developed a complete response with absence of bleeding at day 4 and/or at the last follow-up at day 14. Tumor perfusion was decreased in two-thirds of patients after dDAVP treatment. Conclusions dDAVP appeared as a promising hemostatic agent in rectal cancer patients with bleeding. Randomized clinical trials to confirm its effectiveness are warranted.Clinical trial registrationwww.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01623206
Optimizing soil nitrogen balance in a potato cropping system through legume intercropping
Authors: Nyawade Shadrack O. , Karanja Nancy N. , Gachene Charles K. K. , Gitari Harun I. , Schulte-Geldermann Elmar , Parker Monica 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNegative nitrogen balance represents a major factor causing low potato yield in potato growing areas of Kenya while its excessive surplus poses a significant environmental concern. In order to synchronize this tradeoff, a field trial integrating potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) with lima bean (Phaseolus lunatusL.) and dolichos (Lablab purpureusL.) in intercropping system was conducted in the upper midland [1552 m above sea level (masl), lower highland (1894 masl) and upper highland (2552 masl)] agro-ecological zones of Kenya. Nitrogen gains from mineralization, fertilization, biological fixation, and outputs from biomass accumulation, leaching, volatilization and soil erosion were quantified using standard procedures. Soil N balance ranged from − 10.7 to − 18.1 kg N ha−1for sole potato, 4.1 to 6.6 kg N ha−1for intercropping and 2.9 to 22.3 kg N ha−1for sole legumes. The intermediate range of polyphenol and lignin contents in intercropping enhanced N mineralization with peak N release of 8 to 9 kg N ha−1matching with peak N uptake by potato (19.9 to 31.2 kg N ha−1). Nitrate was leached below the active root zone in sole potato cropping (4.2 to 46.6 kg N ha−1), a process that was diverged by the deep root systems of legume intercrops. These results suggest that legume intercropping can provide a means of balancing the nitrogen retained in the biomass and soil, thus offering a mechanism for optimizing the soil N balance in smallholder potato farming systems.