bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contamination of Street Vended, Ready to Eat Vegetable Salad with Multidrug Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Saheed Adedeji Abdulameen , Bisola Ray Sarah , Mcgandy Osula Godfirst , Adabara Nasiru Usman , Sadiq Fawziyyah Uman , Adamu Binta Buba , Kuta Faruk Adamu 
Published: December 2024

Background: Street vended, ready to eat vegetable salads are consumed raw, often without heat treatment. Consequently, understanding their role in the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria cannot be overemphasized. Objective: To study microbiological quality of street vended, vegetable salads sold in Minna metropolis in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Fourteen (14) vegetable salads were sampled randomly in duplicates from street venders within Minna metropolis between June 2019 to November 2019. These samples were examined for the presence of bacterial isolates using standard cultural methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the bacterial isolates was achieved by the disk diffusion technique. Results: Result analysis revealed 1.06 × 107 cfu/g mean total viable bacterial count. Similarly, the mean total coliform bacterial count was 0.94 × 107 cfu/g. The study revealed that all the sampled vegetable salads contained four or more bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent (19.5%), followed by Shigella and Klebsiella sp., (12.2%). However, E. coli, E. faecalis and Enterobacter sp. were less frequent (2.4%). The isolated Gramnegative bacteria exhibited resistance (≥ 73%) to amoxicillin/clavulanate, gentamicin, ofloxacin, cefuroxime and ampicillin. Furthermore, the isolated Gram-positive bacteria showed resistance to cefuroxime, ceftriaxone and amoxicillin/clavulanate in ≥ 40% cases. Multidrug resistant bacteria were 97.6% (40/41), of which 61.0% (25/41) was resistant to four or more antibiotics and have Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index (MARI) ranging from 0.5 to 1.0. Conclusion: The results of this study show that street vended, ready to eat vegetable salad facilitates the transmission of clinically relevant antibiotic resistant bacteria. Therefore, appropriate measure should be enforced to ascertain the wholesomeness of street vended, ready to eat vegetable salad as the spread of the bacteria contaminant to humans by ingestion cannot be dismissed.
J Enam Med Col 2021; 11(3): 164-172
Student’s Perspective Towards Online Teaching-Learning Activity
Authors: Ahmed Mejbah Uddin , Roy Sushmita , Mahtab Uddin Bhuiyan Mohammad 
Published: December 2024

Background: Online learning is a form of education that takes place over the Internet. With the advancement of information and communication technologies, the acceptance of online education is increasing. It is an alternative to traditional classroom learning and involves using primarily the internet and one or more other technologies. Objective: To identify the advantages and disadvantages of online learning from the student’s perspective. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 256 MBBS students of Enam Medical College with a predesigned questionnaire by purposive sampling to assess the student’s perception towards the online teaching-learning modalities, its advantages, limitations and recommendations how the online teaching and learning process can be made more effective. Results: The findings of the study revealed that most of the students are self-educated and lack of institutional knowledge regarding ICT tools and online learning process. The study result showed several advantages including; it is flexible regarding the time and place, sharing of information is easy and cost effective. Whereas, lack of face-to-face interaction, less effective in practice-based learning, disturbance of physical health, lack in student feedback, reliable internet connection, lack in computer skills and limited infrastructure at work place are identified as challenges. The students have also given their opinion regarding the possible steps and strategies to improve the online learning more effective. Conclusion: As with most teaching methods, online learning also has its own set of positives and negatives. Several initiatives like; more communication between students and teachers, use of more suitable technology, supporting the struggling students and creating a sense of comfort can make it more effective.
J Enam Med Col 2022; 12(1): 17−23
Surgical Management of Zygomatico-Maxillary Complex Fractures in Enam Medical College Hospital, Savar: A Retrospective Study of 70 Cases
Authors: Abdullah Al Faruq  , Manjur-E-Mahmud  , Shakil Shahriar  , Sharmin Sultana  
Published: December 2024

Background: The incidence of maxillofacial injuries is on the rise due to motor vehicle accidents and increased incidence of violence in recent times. Zygomatic bone is closely associated with the maxilla, frontal, and temporal bones which are usually involved when a zygomatic bone fracture occurs. Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine clinical presentations, the pattern of fractures, their management (open reduction and internal fixation), outcome and complications in a tertiary level hospital. Materials and Methods: This retrospective analysis of all operative cases (open reduction and internal fixation) of zygomatic complex fractures was carried out in the Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Enam Medical College & Hospital, Savar, Dhaka during the period of January 2018 to December 2021. Data were obtained from clinical notes and surgical records of the patients using standardized data collection form specifically designed to examine the variables and features of zygomatic complex fractures. Results: Seventy patients were allocated to surgical intervention. Two-point internal fixation was done in more than half (57.1%) of the cases. Six (8.6%) patients developed postoperative complications like paraesthesia, ectropion, scar, facial asymmetry. Twenty-five (35.7%) patients were found having limited mouth opening preoperatively and postoperative improvement occurred in 24 patients. All the patients had facial asymmetry preoperatively and postoperative improvement occurred in most cases. Only one patient had facial asymmetry in one year follow up. Conclusion: There is no consensus on standard treatment of zygomatic complex fractures, as made evident by the survey. Significant variability in fracture type warrants an individualized approach to management. A thorough review on zygomatic complex fracture management is provided.
J Enam Med Col 2022; 12(2): 102−108
Comparison between Laparoscopy and Laparotomy in the Management of Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Tania Akbar  , Sumia Bari  , Sheuly Begum  , Rina Nasrin  , Monowara Begum  
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy has become one of the most alarming causes of maternal mortality and morbidity and the number of maternal death due to ectopic pregnancy is also in increasing trend. Usually ruptured ectopic pregnancy is managed by laparotomy. But nowadays due to improved anesthesia and cardiovascular monitoring support together with advanced laparoscopic surgical skills and experience, operative laparoscopy for surgical management of ectopic pregnancy is justified, even in women with significant hemoperitoneum. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical profile, risk factors and diagnostic modalities for ectopic pregnancy and to assess the operative findings, operative procedure and post-operative condition at laparoscopy and laparotomy cases. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology in Enam Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study period was from July 2018 to July 2020. A total 72 patients were included for the study. All the patients were managed according to the hospital protocol. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.5. Results: A total of 72 cases were the study subjects. Laparotomy was done in 45 (62.5%) cases and laparoscopy in 27 (37.5%) cases. Most of the patients came with abdominal pain. Twenty seven patients (37.5%) who came with shock and all were managed by laparotomy. Commonest site of ectopic pregnancy was ampullary region －27 (37.5%) and were managed by laparotomy and 23 (31.94%) by laparoscopy. Most of the ectopic pregnancies were ruptured and 14 (19.44%) ruptured cases were managed laparoscopically. Hemoperitoneum (1000－2000 mL) was present in 25 cases, among them 7 (9.72%) were managed by laparoscopy. Salpingectomy was the commonest surgery－by laparoscopy 26 (36.11%) and by laparotomy 42 (58.38%). In laparotomy 32 (44.44%) cases and in laparoscopy 9 (12.5%) cases needed blood transfusion, which was comparatively less in laparoscopy. There was no wound infection in laparoscopy cases. Post-operative morbidity was also less in laparoscopy than in laparotomy. Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy is considered as a life-threatening severe health condition and the number is dramatically increasing day by day. For the treatment of ectopic pregnancy, emergency intervention is must. Nowadays, laparoscopic management might be the most effective procedure with maximal safety and efficacy.
J Enam Med Col 2022; 12(2): 84−89
Faricimab versus the standard of care for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Italy: an indirect treatment comparison
Authors: Galeone Carlotta , Turati Federica , Nicolò Massimo , Parravano Mariacristina , Vujosevic Stela , Bianchino Laura , Sicari Emilia , Lanzetta Paolo 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To assess through an indirect treatment comparison (ITC) the potential benefit of faricimab over the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) real-life scenario, hereby defined standard of care (SoC), in Italy, that is, aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab, in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) naïve to any anti-VEGF treatment.
Methods: Individual patient-level data from the phase III clinical trials TENAYA and LUCERNE (faricimab cohort) and the real-world study RADIANCE (RADIANCE cohort) were used. Efficacy was evaluated with changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CST) from baseline to 1 year (week 52 in the RADIANCE and week 48 in the faricimab cohorts, respectively). Propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting was utilized to balance cohorts and mitigate bias due to potential confounding. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate treatment differences adjusted for the number of injections.
Results: The ITC included 513 patients treated with faricimab and 263 patients treated with SoC. At 1 year, faricimab showed a greater mean BCVA gain (treatment difference +5.4 letters, p<0.001) and CST reduction (treatment difference −71.8 μm, p<0.001) compared to SoC. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of results, showing a BCVA improvement of +4.0 letters and a CST reduction of −71.5 μm in favor of faricimab.
Conclusions: Despite the limitations due to the use of ITC and the comparison between clinical trials and real-world cohorts, the present analysis suggests potential benefits in terms of vision gain and CST reduction in naïve nAMD patients treated with faricimab compared with SoC in a real-world setting.
METODE PERKUATAN LERENG DI INDONESIA: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Mahfuzh Andika Syahal , Surjandari Niken Silmi 
Published: December 2024

Lereng adalah permukaan tanah yang membentuk sudut tertentu terhadap bidang horisontal dan tidak terlindungi. Lereng membutuhkan perkuatan untuk mencegah kegagalan atau kelongsoran yang disebabkan oleh faktor manusia atau faktor kondisi alam. Perkuatan lereng berfungsi menjaga stabilitas dan meningkatkan faktor aman (safety factor) pada suatu lereng. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perkuatan lereng yang paling banyak digunakan di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengumpulkan 100 jurnal melalui Sinta, Scopus, dan Garuda, lalu dipilih berdasarkan tahapan yang sudah ditentukan yaitu Research Question, Search Proses, Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria, dan Quality Assesment. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan pada RQ1 perkuatan lereng yang paling banyak digunakan di Indonesia yaitu Dinding Penahan Tanah dengan persentase 29,87%, Soil Nailing 20,78%, Geosintetik 19,48%, Pile 16,88%, Tumbuhan/Vegetasi 5,19%, Counterweight 3,9%, Subdrain 2,6%, dan Model Scale Test With X-Block 1,3%. Lalu, pada RQ2 menunjukan alasan penggunaan Dinding Penahan Tanah karena topografi Indonesia yang berbukit dan berlereng dengan derajat yang cukup besar atau curam, sehingga membuat lereng rentan terhadap erosi dan longsor. Pada RQ3 disampaikan implementasi perkuatan Dinding Penahan Tanah untuk solusi permasalahan lereng di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil systematic literatur review, dinding penahan tanah cocok dipakai di Indonesia dikarenakan dalam pembuatannya menggunakan material-material yang mudah didapat. Jadi, dalam perkuatan lereng di Indonesia direkomendasikan perkuatan menggunakan Dinding Penahan Tanah.
Ferrostatin-1 improves acute sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy via inhibiting neutrophil infiltration through impaired chemokine axis
Authors: Li Jialin , Xiao Fang , Lin Bingsen , Huang Zhilei , Wu Mingyue , Ma Huan , Dou Ruoxu , Song Xiaodong , Wang Zhongxing , Cai Changjie , Guan Xiangdong , Xu Jie , Xiang Fu-Li 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionSepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is a common complication of sepsis and is associated with higher mortality. To date, effective diagnostic and management strategies are still lacking. Recent studies suggest that ferroptosis plays a critical role in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy and ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) improved cardiac dysfunction and survival in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced endotoxemia. However, the effects of Fer-1 in cardiac dysfunction in the early stages of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced sepsis remains unclear. Our study aims to elucidate the role of Fer-1 in the acute phase of peritonitis sepsis induced cardiac injury.Methods and ResultsCLP was used to induce peritonitis sepsis in mice. Pretreatment of ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) was used in the in vivo models. Survival was monitored for 48h. Cardiac function and histology were analyzed 6h after surgery. We found that ejection fraction (EF) remained normal at 6h after CLP, but the contractility detected by cardiac muscle strain analysis was significantly reduced, along with increased immune cell infiltration. Pretreating the CLP mice with 5 mg/kg Fer-1 significantly reduced mortality. At 6h after CLP, ferroptosis key regulator Gpx4, cardiac iron and malonaldehyde (MDA) did not change, but ferroptosis marker gene expression increased. Fer-1 treatment showed beneficial effects in cardiac function, less myocardial inflammatory cytokine expression and significantly inhibited immune cells, especially neutrophil infiltration in the heart. Consistently, expression of neutrophil associated chemokines (Ccrl2, Cxcl2, Cxcl3 and Cxcl5) as well as extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation enzymes (Adamts1, Adamts4, Adamts9 and Mmp8) significantly decreased in Fer-1 pre-treated CLP heart.Conclusion and DiscussionOur findings suggest that Fer-1 inhibits neutrophil infiltration in early sepsis by disrupting the chemokine axis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic option to manage acute immune overactivation in early stages of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy.
Identification of patients with unstable angina based on coronary CT angiography: the application of pericoronary adipose tissue radiomics
Authors: Zhan Weisheng , Li Yixin , Luo Hui , He Jiang , Long Jiao , Xu Yang , Yang Ying 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo explore whether radiomics analysis of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) captured by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) could discriminate unstable angina (UA) from stable angina (SA).MethodsIn this single-center retrospective case-control study, coronary CT images and clinical data from 240 angina patients were collected and analyzed. Patients with unstable angina (n = 120) were well-matched with those having stable angina (n = 120). All patients were randomly divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) datasets. Automatic segmentation was performed on the pericoronary adipose tissue surrounding the proximal segments of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex coronary artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA). Corresponding radiomic features were extracted and selected, and the fat attenuation index (FAI) for these three vessels was quantified. Machine learning techniques were employed to construct the FAI and radiomic models. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the most relevant clinical features, which were then combined with radiomic features to create clinical and integrated models. The performance of different models was compared in terms of area under the curve (AUC), calibration, clinical utility, and sensitivity.ResultsIn both training and validation cohorts, the integrated model (AUC = 0.87, 0.74) demonstrated superior discriminatory ability compared to the FAI model (AUC = 0.68, 0.51), clinical feature model (AUC = 0.84, 0.67), and radiomic model (AUC = 0.85, 0.73). The nomogram derived from the combined radiomic and clinical features exhibited excellent performance in diagnosing and predicting unstable angina. Calibration curves showed good fit for all four machine learning models. Decision curve analysis indicated that the integrated model provided better clinical benefit than the other three models.ConclusionsCCTA-based radiomics signature of PCAT is better than the FAI model in identifying unstable angina and stable angina. The integrated model constructed by combining radiomics and clinical features could further improve the diagnosis and differentiation ability of unstable angina.
Association of the comorbidity of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertension disorders of pregnancy with birth outcomes
Authors: Lin Xingxi , Zhou Luhan , Si Shuting , Cheng Haoyue , Alifu Xialidan , Qiu Yiwen , Zhuang Yan , Huang Ye , Zhang Libi , Ainiwan Diliyaer , Liu Hui , Yu Yunxian 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundsMany pregnant women suffer from more than one pregnancy complication. However, whether those women experienced a higher risk of adverse birth outcomes is unclear. This study aims to assess the association between the comorbidity of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertension disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and adverse birth outcomes.MethodsThe data was from the Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Hospital electronic medical recorder system (EMRS) between 2015 and 2022. Multivariate linear regression model was used to analyze the association of GDM, HDP, and comorbidity with birth weight and gestational age, respectively. Multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of GDM, HDP, and comorbidity with adverse birth outcomes.Results13645 pregnant women were included. GDM+HDP was significantly associated with a higher risk of composite adverse neonatal outcomes (OR=1.82, 95%CI: 1.02-3.04), including preterm birth, placenta previa, and/or neonatal jaundice, a higher risk of small for gestational age (SGA) (OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.24 3.92) and large for gestational age (LGA) (OR=2.33, 95% CI: 1.64 3.31) compared with the normal group. Further analysis showed that HDP diagnosed in the 21-27th week comorbid with GDM had the lowest gestational age at delivery (β= -1.57, P=0.0002) and birth weight (β= -189.57, P=0.0138). Moreover, combined hyperglycemia (CH) comorbid with HDP had the strongest association with reduced gestational age (β= -0.83, P=0.0021).ConclusionPregnant women suffering from both GDM and HDP had a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcomes; hence, the prevent and treatment of GDM and HDP, especially their comorbidity, are very important for pregnant women.
The diagnostic performance comparison between T2 mapping and Dixon against the activity of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Fuyi , Wang Pengcheng , Cao Chun , Pan Xinyu , Zhang Tao , Fan Meng , Guan Yu 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of T2 mapping and Dixon in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy’s disease activity.MethodsPublished studies were collected by systematically searching the databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Medline, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, and WANFANG. The sensitivities, specificities, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were confirmed. The symmetric receiver operator characteristic curve (SROC) was used to assess the threshold of T2 mapping and Dixon. Fagan’s nomogram was drawn. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were applied to distinguish the sources of heterogeneity among the included studies. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement.ResultsA total of 17 studies were included, comprising 1,455 participants. The combined sensitivity of T2 mapping was 0.70 [95% CI (0.65–0.75)], specificity was 0.84 [95% CI (0.75–0.90)], area under the SROC curve (AUC) was 0.78 [95% CI (0.75–0.82)], and DOR was 12. The combined sensitivity of Dixon was 0.74 [95% CI (0.58–0.85)], specificity was 0.80 [95% CI (0.58–0.93)], AUC was 0.83 [95% CI (0.80–0.86)], and DOR was 11.66. The Deeks’ funnel plot showed no existing publication bias. The prospective design, partial verification bias, and blinding contributed to the heterogeneity in specificity and sensitivity. The post-test probability of T2 mapping in TAO patients’ disease activity was 75%, and the post-test probability of Dixon in TAO was 87%.ConclusionCompared with T2 mapping, Dixon presented a significantly higher sensitivity and AUC for detecting TAO disease activity. Dixon is expected to further improve the accuracy of diagnosis of TAO’s disease activity.
Health-related quality of life among patients with cirrhosis at a tertiary care center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zewde Edgeit Abebe , Teklemariam Awgichew Behaile , Ayele Tesfaneh Shemeles , Agidew Melaku Mekonnen , Mulu Anemut Tilahun , Melaku Metages Damtie 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) reflects an individual’s perception of how disease and treatment affect their physical, functional, emotional, and social well-being. The burden of cirrhosis is high in Ethiopia but reports on HRQoL among cirrhosis patients are lacking. This study aimed to assess HRQoL and associated factors among patients with cirrhosis at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 221 patients with cirrhosis at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Data were coded and entered into Epi Data 4.6.0.2 and analyzed by STATA software version 17m/p. Bivariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed. A p-value lower than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultsThe mean ± SD age was 42.74 ± 12.25. In multivariable linear regression analysis, Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) (Standardized β.coff (Std.β.coff) = 0.12, 95% CI (0.06, 0.18), age ≥50 (Std.β.coff = -0.38, 95% CI (-0.68,-0.09), Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class B (Std.β.coff = -0.92, 95% CI (-1.28, -0.55), CTP class C (Std.β.coff = -1.69, 95% CI (-2.30,-1.07) were significantly associated with mean quality of life score.ConclusionQuality of life score was significantly associated with age, CTP class, and MUAC. Health-related quality of life should be taken into consideration in the assessment and treatment of patients with cirrhosis. Older patients, patients with decompensated cirrhosis, and patients with lower MUAC measurements should be given special attention.