bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, antifungal and antibacterial activity of calix[4]arene‐based 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives
Authors: Dono Gezelbash Zahra , Akbari Dilmaghani Karim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe describe the synthesis of some novel p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene‐based (5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)2‐chloroethanethioate derivatives (4a–e). These compounds were synthesized by the reaction of tetra‐tert‐butyl calix[4]arene (1) with (5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl)2‐chloroethanethioate (3a–e) in the presence of potassium carbonate as a weak base and dry acetone as the solvent. All the newly synthesized calix[4]arene derivatives were characterized by elemental analysis and various spectroscopic methods such as FT‐IR, 1H NMR,13C NMR, DEPT, and ESI‐MS. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against Escherichia coli and Aspergillus fumigates in comparison with enrofloxacin and amphotericin as reference drugs, which are normally used for treating such infections. The synthesized compounds showed different inhibition zones against the tested bacteria and fungi. Compound 4c was found to be most effective against A. fumigates, whereas compound 4e was found to be equally effective against E. coli and A. fumigates.
Hammett and Brown correlations in the structure and electronic properties of H2Si=SiHAr (Ar = p‐C6H4X; X = NH2, OH, Me, H, F, Cl, CHO, COOH, CN, NO2) molecules
Authors: Samavat Simin , Ghiasi Reza , Mohtat Bita 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSubstituent effect on the structure and electronic properties of H2Si=SiHAr (Ar = p‐C6H4X; X = NH2, OH, Me, H, F, Cl, CHO, COOH, CN, NO2) molecules are studied at the CAM‐B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) level of theory. Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) is used as a useful tool for illustrating the interaction between H2Si and SiHAr fragments in HArSi=SiH2 molecules. Energetic analysis reveals that the singlet state of the fragments is more stable than triplet state. Also, interactions are stronger in the presence of electron‐withdrawing groups (EWGs) in comparison to electron donating groups (EDGs). EDG and EDG effects are investigated on the stability of fragments, frontier orbital energy, distortion, HOMO–LUMO gap, electron‐donating (ω−) and electron‐accepting (ω+) powers of the studied molecules. Then, the correlations between these calculated parameters with the Hammett and Brown constants (σp and σp+, respectively) are provided. Also, time‐dependent density functional theory method (TD‐DFT) is employed for the determination of the strongest absorption band values (λmax,el) of these molecules. This absorption band is attributed to the HOMO →LUMO transition.
Design, synthesis of tri‐substituted pyrazole derivatives as promising antimicrobial agents and investigation of structure activity relationships
Authors: Reddy Guda Mallikarjuna , Garcia Jarem Raul , Yuvaraja Gutha , Venkata Subbaiah Munagapati , Wen Jet‐Chau 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe major diseases spread in the environment only because of microbes. Even, intensive care units in the hospitals are polluted by microorganisms, particularly, Gram‐positive bacteria. Although many antibiotics are existed, there is a need to develop up to date microbial‐resistant agents. Hence, the current study aimed to develop prominent antimicrobial drug‐related compounds. Thus, a novel series of tri‐substituted analogs and their intermediates were synthesized. In addition, total new compounds were screened for their antimicrobial assay and identified as the most efficient biologically active compounds. Moreover, minimal inhibitory antimicrobial activity and appropriate structure activity relationships were investigated. From the results it was observed that, viability of Gram‐positive bacteria was most powerfully affected by all active compounds. Finally, this research demonstrated that, these biologically energetic amalgams can be utilized for further preclinical studies with the ambition of standing unique inventive drugs.
The transmission and diagnosis of 2019 novel coronavirus infection disease (COVID‐19): A Chinese perspective
Authors: Han Yu , Yang Hailan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract2019 novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2), which originated in Wuhan, China, has attracted the world's attention over the last month. The Chinese government has taken emergency measures to control the outbreak and has undertaken initial steps in the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection disease (COVID‐19). However, SARS‐CoV‐2 possesses powerful pathogenicity as well as transmissibility and still holds many mysteries that are yet to be solved, such as whether the virus can be transmitted by asymptomatic patients or by mothers to their infants. Our research presents selected available cases of COVID‐19 in China to better understand the transmission and diagnosis regarding this infectious disease.
Risk stratification for central conventional chondrosarcoma of bone: A novel system predicting risk of metastasis and death in the Cancer Registry of Norway cohort
Authors: Thorkildsen Joachim , Taksdal Ingeborg , Bjerkehagen Bodil , Norum Ole‐Jacob , Myklebust Tor Age , Zaikova Olga 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesInterobserver variability in histological grading of central conventional chondrosarcoma (CCCS) limits the quality of patient information and research progression. We aim to quantify known and new prognostic variables and propose a risk stratification model.MethodWe selected 149 cases from the Cancer Registry of Norway. Cox proportional hazard models were estimated. Based on these results a dichotomous risk classification was proposed and presented by Kaplan‐Meier estimates for rates of local recurrence, metastasis, and disease‐specific survival.ResultsThe influence of axial skeletal location (Hazard ratio [HR] = 19.06), a soft tissue component ≥1 cm (HR = 13.45), and histological grade 3 (HR = 16.46) are all significant in predicting the rate of metastasis. The creation of a variable combining axial skeletal location and a soft tissue component ≥1 cm strongly predicts the risk of metastasis (HR = 14.02; P < .001) and death (HR = 2.74; P = .030) at multivariate analysis, making the histological grade insignificant. Together with metastasis at diagnosis (HR = 285.65; P < .001), this forms the basis of our proposed risk stratification, producing a small high‐risk group (39 cases with 33% risk of metastasis) and a large low‐risk group (103 cases with 2% risk of metastasis) without a histological grade.ConclusionAxial skeletal location and a soft tissue component ≥1 cm combined divides a CCCS cohort into low‐ and high‐risk groups without a histological grade.
Log odds of positive lymph nodes predicts survival in patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy followed by esophagectomy
Authors: Ye Guanzhi , Chen Zhencong , Wang Lin , Hu Zhengyang , Bian Yunyi , Yang Xiaodong , Lu Tao , Zhan Cheng , Lin Zongwu , Wang Qun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) in survival prediction of patients with esophageal carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant therapy, compared with N descriptor and positive lymph node ratio (LNR).MethodsPatients with esophageal carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant therapy from 2004 to 2015 were reviewed in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The receiver operating characteristics curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to compare discriminatory power among N descriptor, LNR, and LODDS. The goodness of fit was measured using the −2 log‐likelihood ratio (–2LLR).ResultsAbout 2239 patients with a 22 months median follow‐up and a 37.8% 5‐year overall survival rate were included. LODDS had the best discriminatory power and goodness of fit (LODDS vs N descriptor, AUC 0.666 vs 0.626, −2LLR 15 680.402 vs 15 746.162; LODDS vs LNR, AUC 0.666 vs 0.635, −2LLR 15 680.402 vs 15 712.379; all P < .001). LODDS was the best for fewer than 15 lymph nodes retrieved (LODDS vs N descriptor, AUC 0.652 vs 0.618, P < .001; LODDS vs LNR, AUC 0.652 vs 0.625, P = .005). The prognosis of patients without metastatic nodes could be discriminated by LODDS.ConclusionsLODDS could better predict survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma receiving neoadjuvant therapy.
New genetic variations discovered in KRAS wild‐type cetuximab resistant chinese colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Jing Changwen , Wang Ting , Ma Rong , Cao Haixia , Wang Zhuo , Liu Siwen , Chen Dan , Zhang Junying , Wu Yang , Zhang Yuan , Wu Jianzhong , Feng Jifeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo perform a comprehensive genomic analysis of colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor to detect genetic variants and identify novel resistant mutations associated with cetuximab‐resistance in CRC patients. A retrospective study was performed using whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify common genetic factors from 22 cetuximab‐sensitive and 10 cetuximab‐resistant patients. In all 10 cetuximab‐resistant patients, we discovered there are 37 significantly mutated genes (SMGs). CYP4A11 was the most frequently mutated gene in cetuximab‐resistant patients. BCAS1 and GOLGA6L1 were found to be among the second group of frequently mutated genes with a frequency of 60%. After cosine similarity analysis, three mutational signatures (signature a, b, and c) were found in all CRC tumors, similar to signature 1, 5, and 6 in COSMIC, respectively. Gene ontology analysis was performed on SMGs and found 12 enriched GO terms. Four genes are enriched in six specific Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway groups, including the metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, steroid hormone biosynthesis, retinol metabolism, and drug metabolism. Our data supports a network composed of SMGs and cellular signaling pathways that have been positively linked to the mechanisms of cetuximab resistance. These involve DNA damage repair, angiogenesis, invasion, drug metabolism, and the CRC tumor microenvironment. There is a SMG, OR9G1 correlated with survival rates of KRAS wild‐type colon adenocarcinoma patients. These findings support further investigation using WES in a prospective clinical study of cetuximab resistance CRC, to further identify, confirm, and extend the clinical significance of these and other potentially important new candidate predictive biomarkers of cetuximab response.
Association of Tripartite Motif Containing 11 rs564309 With Tau Pathology in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Valentino Rebecca R. , Koga Shunsuke , Heckman Michael G. , Brushaber Danielle E. , Diehl Nancy N. , Walton Ronald L. , Dickson Dennis W. , Ross Owen A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntronic variant rs564309 in tripartite motif containing 11 (TRIM11) is associated with clinical phenotypic differences in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), whereby the minor allele (A) is more common in atypical PSP than typical PSP (PSP‐Richardson's syndrome). However, rs564309 has not been investigated relative to neuropathological outcomes.ObjectiveEvaluate the association of rs564309 with the neuropathologically assessed severity of tau pathology, as measured by semi‐quantitative scores for neurofibrillary tangles, tufted astrocytes, neuropil threads, and oligodendroglial coiled bodies.Methods797 neuropathologically confirmed PSP cases were genotyped for TRIM11 rs564309 and assessed for tau pathology across 20 neuroanatomical regions. Tau pathology measures and age at death were examined for association with TRIM11 rs564309‐A using multivariable linear regression models.ResultsTRIM11 rs564309‐A was associated with increased neurofibrillary tangles pathology (P = 0.050), but was not significantly associated with age at death, neuropil threads, coiled bodies, or tufted astrocytes tau pathology scores.ConclusionsTRIM11 rs564309 may influence burden of neurofibrillary tangles tau pathology in PSP; further study is warranted. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Lack of Asymmetry of Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Function in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Garrido Alicia , Iranzo Alex , Stefani Ambra , Serradell Mònica , Muñoz‐Lopetegi Amaia , Marrero Paula , Högl Birgit , Gaig Carles , Santamaria Joan , Tolosa Eduard , Poewe Werner ,   for the Sleep Innsbruck Barcelona (SINBAR) Group
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn right‐handed patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, dopamine transporter (DAT) [(123)I]β‐carboxymethyoxy‐3‐β‐(4‐iodophenyl) tropane single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) shows predominant nigrostriatal deficit in the left striatum. This suggests that in PD patients, the nigrostriatal system of the dominant hemisphere is more susceptible to disease‐related dysfunction. To confirm this hypothesis, we investigated whether the nigrostriatal function is symmetric in healthy controls and in patients with PD.MethodsIn 113 right‐handed healthy controls and 279 right‐handed early‐PD patients, we examined the striatal dopaminergic terminals function in each hemisphere using DAT‐SPECT.ResultsIn the controls, DAT‐SPECT showed symmetric specific binding ratios in the putamen and caudate nucleus of each hemisphere. In patients with PD, the specific binding ratio was lower in the left than in the right putamen.ConclusionsRight‐handed healthy controls have symmetric nigrostriatal dopaminergic function. The left hemispheric predominance of nigrostriatal deficit seen in right‐handed premotor and manifest PD represents an early pathological feature of the disease. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Long‐term variability and trends of extended winter snowfall in Turkey and the role of teleconnection patterns
Authors: Baltaci Hakki , Arslan Hilal , Akkoyunlu Bulent Oktay , Gomes Helber Barros 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, a climatological analysis of daily new snow cover data from 93 meteorological stations (10–2,400 m above sea level) over Turkey during the winter (December–March) period of 1967–2006 is presented. Series of snow cover depth (SCD) (≥1 cm) and number of snowy days (SDs) were analysed to determine the variability and statistically significant trends in the snow climatology. The results showed an inverse relation between SDs and SCD over the central (CAR) and eastern (EAR) Anatolian regions. While positive trends in SDs were observed in the CAR (77% of all stations), the new SCD decreased in time. On the other hand, the intensity of the daily snowfall over the EAR increased due to decreasing (increasing) SD (SCD) trends in the region, especially between the 500 and 1,000 m layer. It was found that higher SCDs occur in the EAR during winter with positive patterns in the east Atlantic/western Russia. The daily mean sea level pressure composite maps of high SCD (>5 cm) show that strong northeasterly flows enable the penetration of cold polar air to the EAR due to the interaction between the Siberian high‐pressure centre over Europe and the low‐pressure centre over the Caspian Sea. These results help further understanding of the regional variation of the snowfall pattern in Turkey and its response to global climatic change.
Some observations of low level wind shear at the Hong Kong International Airport in association with tropical cyclones
Authors: Chan P. W. , Li Q. S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn summer, Hong Kong is affected by tropical cyclones moving northwestwards over the northern part of the South China Sea. They may bring strong southeasterly airflow to the territory. The wind is disturbed by complex terrain to the south of the Hong Kong International Airport, resulting in turbulent airflow in the airport area and leading to the occurrence of low level wind shear and turbulence. This study documents the observations of wind shear at the airport in some recent cases of tropical cyclones in Hong Kong. The alerts from three operational wind shear algorithms are described, based on anemometers, the light detection and ranging system and microwave radar. The situations at the maximum wind shear magnitudes are presented. This is followed by a statistical analysis of the occurrences of wind shear against the wind shear magnitude and sign. A logarithmic relation between the two is found, and it is applicable for all tropical cyclone cases under study and different wind shear algorithms. However, there is no uniform equation for the logarithmic distribution, apart from the case of laser radar wind shear alerts for headwind loss. Finally, the accuracy of wind shear alerts of one tropical cyclone case is presented by comparison with pilot wind shear reports. It is hoped that the documentation in this study could serve as a useful reference to aviation weather forecasters at other airports with similar wind shear situations, as well as contributing to an improved understanding of the statistical behaviour of the wind shear phenomenon.
An E‐band digitally controlled oscillator with effective tuning bank
Authors: Tang Lu , Liu Peng , Zhang Youming , Tang Xusheng , Xia Sicong , Huang Fengyi , Zhang Changchun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn E‐band digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) with effective tuning bank is presented and fabricated in 40 nm CMOS technology. The DCO is promoted with an effective fine tuning bank based on a binary‐weighted switched capacitors array connected with the secondary coil of an effective flipped stacked transformer with weak mutual coupling factor to improve the tradeoff relationship among tuning range, circuit complexity and frequency resolution. The measured best fine tuning step of the DCO is 2.21 MHz. The operating frequencies range of the DCO covers from 76.61 to 84.51 GHz. The DCO also achieves a figure of merit normalized for area (FoMA) of −185.1 dBc/Hz.
Weight Gain and Growth After Fundoplication in the Pediatric Patient: A Case Report in the Pediatric Patient With Cystic Fibrosis and Literature Review
Authors: Gomes Allison , Lapin Craig , Ziegler Jane 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common among infants, but when symptoms become troublesome, that is defined as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Making a diagnosis of GERD is difficult because there is no gold standard. GERD can be especially problematic for infants with cystic fibrosis (CF). There are signs and symptoms (ie, malnutrition, recurring aspiration pneumonias, refusal to eat, wheezing, coughing, and asthma) in addition to invasive and noninvasive methods used to determine a diagnosis. The treatments for GERD span from nonpharmacological to surgical, with a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication being the gold standard of surgical intervention. Although surgical interventions have been demonstrated to reduce symptoms associated with GERD, there is little known about the weight/growth‐related outcomes. This case report discusses an infant with CF and GERD requiring multiple interventions and ultimately a laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and the weight changes from presurgery to postsurgery. The case report is expanded upon with a structured literature review of fundoplication and growth studies. There were 4 available studies that assessed changes in weight/growth before and after fundoplication among children with GERD. Because of the heterogeneity of the nutrition outcomes used, the weight/growth benefits after fundoplication are unclear at this time. Further research in needed to assess the nutrition outcomes among patients with GERD requiring fundoplication.
Global cluster synchronization in finite time for complex dynamical networks with hybrid couplings via aperiodically intermittent control
Authors: Yang Qijng , Wu Huaiqin , Cao Jinde 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIn this article, we investigate the cluster synchronization in finite time for nonlinear complex dynamical networks (CDNs) with hybrid couplings via aperiodically intermittent control. First, a new lemma with respect to the convergence in finite time is developed for the nonnegative continuous functions. Second, the classification controller, which is dependent of the coupling of the dynamic nodes among different clusters, is designed to realize the cluster synchronization goal. Third, by means of the Lyapunov functional approach, the inequality analysis technique, and the proposed lemmas, the global cluster synchronization conditions in finite time are addressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) for CDNs via discontinuous feedback control scheme with integral terms. Moreover, the global cluster synchronization conditions in finite time is also achieved in the form of LMIs for CDNs with hybrid couplings via aperiodically intermittent control. In addition, the settling time, which is closely related to the topological structure of networks and the maximum ratio of the rest width to the aperiodic time span, is estimated accurately. Finally, the effectiveness of theoretical results is verified by two simulation examples.
Cover Image, Volume 69, Issue 4
Authors: Jin Chenhao , Leng Xuefei , Zhang Manwen , Wang Yanshai , Wei Zhiyong , Li Yang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe cover image is based on the Research Article Fully biobased biodegradable poly(l‐lactide)‐b‐poly(ethylene brassylate)‐b‐poly(l‐lactide) triblock copolymers: Synthesis and investigation of relationship between crystallization morphology and thermal properties by Chenhao Jin et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.5958.image
Fast Capacitive Energy Storage and Long Cycle Life in a Deintercalation–Intercalation Cathode Material
Authors: Wang Lecai , Li Li , Wang Hanyong , Yang Jingbo , Ma Yitian , Wu Jiawei , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNi‐rich Li‐ion cathode materials promise high energy density, but are limited in power density and cycle life, resulting from their poor dynamic characteristics and quick degradation. On the other hand, capacitor electrode materials promise high power density and long cycle life but limited capacities. A joint energy storage mechanism of these two kinds is performed in the material‐compositional level in this paper. A valence coupling between carbon π‐electrons and O2− is identified in the as‐prepared composite material, using a tracking X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy strategy. Besides delivering capacity simultaneously from its LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and capacitive carbon components with impressive amount and speed, this material shows robust cycling stability by preventing oxygen emission and phase transformation via the discovered valence coupling effect. Structural evolution of the composite shows a more flattened path compared to that of the pure LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, revealed by the in situ X‐ray diffraction strategy. Without obvious phase transformation and losing active contents in this composite material, long cycling can be achieved.