bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlling stable tunneling in a non-Hermitian spin–orbit coupled bosonic junction
Authors: Luo Yunrong , Wang Xuemei , Luo Yuxin , Zhou Zheng , Zeng Zhao-Yun , Luo Xiaobing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we study how to apply a periodic driving field to control stable spin tunneling in a non-Hermitian spin–orbit (SO) coupled bosonic double-well system. By means of a high-frequency approximation, we obtain the analytical Floquet solutions and their associated quasienergies and thus construct the general non-Floquet solutions of the dissipative SO coupled bosonic system. Based on detailed analysis of the Floquet quasienergy spectrum, the profound effect of system parameters and the periodic driving field on the stability of spin-dependent tunneling is investigated analytically and numerically for both balanced and unbalanced gain–loss between two wells. Under balanced gain and loss, we find that the stable spin-flipping tunneling is preferentially suppressed with the increase of gain–loss strength. When the ratio of Zeeman field strength to periodic driving frequency Ω/ω is even, there is a possibility that continuous stable parameter regions will exist. When Ω/ω is odd, nevertheless, only discrete stable parameter regions are found. Under unbalanced gain and loss, whether Ω/ω is even or odd, we can get parametric equilibrium conditions for the existence of stable spin tunneling. The results could be useful for the experiments of controlling stable spin transportation in a non-Hermitian SO coupled system.
Structural characteristics and elasticities of coesite and coesite-II at high pressure
Authors: Wu Ye , Huang Shengxuan , Huang Haijun , Wu Xiang , Liu Hanyu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Silica, SiO2, has attracted significant interest as one of the most important compounds in the fields of condensed-matter physics, materials science, and geoscience etc. Here, we theoretically investigate crystal structural characteristics and elastic properties of coesite and its high-pressure polymorph coesite-II at high pressures, which is critical to improve the understanding of densification mechanism of silica at high pressure. The driving mechanism for the pressure-induced transition pathways of coesite comes from both structural features and elastic effect. The phase transition of coesite to cosite-II is triggered by the shortening of Si1–O1 bond distance, and accompanied by elastic instability from a combination of softening elastic constants C
44 and C
46. The structural modulation of coesite-II along the b-axis direction, as proposed experimentally, results from, on the one hand, the bending of Si2–O15–Si3 angles and shortening of Si5–O4 and Si7–O4 distance with increasing pressure and, on the other hand, elastic softening associated with phonon instability. These results provide key insights into the densification mechanism of silica under high pressure.
Drift kinetic effects and local current drive induced modification of magnetic shear on sawtooth activity in EU DEMO
Authors: Zhou Lina , Liu Yueqiang , Siccinio Mattia , Fable Emiliano , Wu Tingting , Duan Ping , Chen Long 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The sawtooth activity is investigated for an EU DEMO reference plasma, including kinetic effects from both thermal particles and fusion-born alphas. Kinetic effects are studied in conjunction with modification of the magnetic shear near the q= 1 surface (q is the safety factor) due to local current drive. Kinetic stabilization on the internal kink mode is found by both the non-perturbative MHD-kinetic hybrid code MARS-K (Liu et al 2008 Phys. Plasmas
15 112503) and the perturbative semi-analytic Porcelli model. The latter predicts full stabilization of the mode, when the local magnetic shear s
1 at the q= 1 surface is less than 1 (e.g. s
1 ∼ 0.6 as is the case for the target EU DEMO plasma without local current drive). By increasing the local magnetic shear with local current drive up to s
1 ∼ 2.8, one of the Porcelli sawtooth crash criteria can be satisfied, by accessing the ion-kinetic regime. Direct MARS-K non-perturbative eigenvalue computations, on the other hand, predict less kinetic stabilization of the internal kink and more robust triggering of the sawtooth crash in EU DEMO. The general trend of the predicted results remains similar though, between the MARS-K model and the Porcelli model.
Plants as sensors: vegetation response to rainfall predicts root-zone water storage capacity in Mediterranean-type climates
Authors: Dralle David N , Jesse Hahm W , Rempe Daniella M , Karst Nathaniel , Anderegg Leander D L , Thompson Sally E , Dawson Todd E , Dietrich William E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In Mediterranean-type climates, asynchronicity between energy and water availability means that ecosystems rely heavily on the water-storing capacity of the subsurface to sustain plant water use over the summer dry season. The root-zone water storage capacity (

S

m
a
x

[L]) defines the maximum volume of water that can be stored in plant accessible locations in the subsurface, but is poorly characterized and difficult to measure at large scales. Here, we develop an ecohydrological modeling framework to describe how

S

m
a
x

mediates root zone water storage (S [L]), and thus dry season plant water use. The model reveals that where

S

m
a
x

is high relative to mean annual rainfall, S is not fully replenished in all years, and root-zone water storage and therefore plant water use are sensitive to annual rainfall. Conversely, where

S

m
a
x

is low, S is replenished in most years but can be depleted rapidly between storm events, increasing plant sensitivity to rainfall patterns at the end of the wet season. In contrast to both the high and low

S

m
a
x

cases, landscapes with intermediate

S

m
a
x

values are predicted to minimize variability in dry season evapotranspiration. These diverse plant behaviors enable a mapping between time variations in precipitation, evapotranspiration and

S

m
a
x

, which makes it possible to estimate

S

m
a
x

using remotely sensed vegetation data − that is, using plants as sensors. We test the model using observations of

S

m
a
x

in soils and weathered bedrock at two sites in the Northern California Coast Ranges. Accurate model performance at these sites, which exhibit strongly contrasting weathering profiles, demonstrates the method is robust across diverse plant communities, and modes of storage and runoff generation.
Stress distribution in highly porous SiO2 films: results of the molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Grigoriev F.V. , Sulimov V.B. , Tikhonravov A.V. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The stress distribution over the thickness of silicon dioxide thin films is studied using simulated thin film cluster. The atomistic cluster representing the film is deposited on a glassy substrate using the full-atomistic molecular dynamic simulation. The deposition angle is equal to 80°, which leads to the growth of a highly porous anisotropic film with low refractive index. The method for calculating the stress distribution is based on the integral relationship between the thickness-averaged stress and the stress distribution. In the present work, we focus on the application of this relationship to the atomistic modeling of stresses at the initial stage of thin film growth. It is found that in the transition layer between the substrate and the film the stress distribution function corresponds to the compressive stress. With the increase in film thickness, the stress distribution function changes sign and becomes tensile. It is shown that these results correspond to experimental data.
Improving the start-up parameters of a gas turbine engine by adaptation the air turbine starter
Authors: Popov Grigorii , Matveev Valery , Zubanov Vasilii , Novikova Yulia , Kolmakova Daria , Korneeva Anastasia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper describes the process of optimizing the blades of a starter air turbine for a gas turbine engine launch system. This task was initiated by the necessity to use an existing turbine when starting a new engine. During the study, it was found that the turbine, although it ensures the conditions for the joint operation with the auxiliary power unit turbine and meet the strength constraints, it does not allow to start the engine within the required time. As a result of studies using mathematical optimization methods involving commercial programs, a variant was found to modernize the baseline turbine, which provides an acceptable value of torque on the shaft with an adequate start-up time at all operating modes with minimal design changes.
Study on connection between shape of wheel and resistance force from ground for small wheel typed rovers
Authors: Watanabe Tomohiro , Iizuka Kojiro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In recent years, the small wheel typed rovers are focused on as an exploring rover. However, running performance of the small wheel typed rovers is not good. It is difficult to compact the ground by wheels because weight of these rovers is small. Therefore, drawbar pull is low. In previous research, the movement method which improves the running performance of these rovers using effects which are given by vibration to the ground was proposed. Some experiments were carried out in order to confirm effective of proposed method. From theses experimental results, we could get knowledge that how to use vibration to improve running performance for the small wheel typed rovers. Moreover, it was confirmed that sinkage of the wheels to the ground is increased when vibration is given to the ground from the wheel. Sinkage of the wheels to the ground decrease running performance of rover. In this research, the relationship between the shape of wheel and resistance force from the ground was confirmed in order to propose the wheel which reduce subsidence amount to the ground when vibration is given to the ground. In experimental results, the wheel which has flange on side reduced subsidence amount to the ground.
Novel function for AP-1B during cell migration
Authors: Kell Margaret Johnson , Ang Su Fen , Pigati Lucy , Halpern Abby , Fölsch Heike 
Published: August 2020

Kell and Ang et al. show that adaptor protein (AP)-1B expression in epithelial cells decreased the speed of collective cell migration. Consistent with this novel function, they demonstrate that AP-1B localized in membrane ruffles during cell migration using high-end fluorescence microcopy, stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, and immunoelectron microscopy.
Living with a Smoker and Multiple Health-Risk Behaviors
Authors: Holahan Charles J , Holahan Carole K , Lim Sangdon , Powers Daniel A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Behavioral medicine is showing growing theoretical and applied interest in multiple health-risk behaviors. Compared to engaging in a single health-risk behavior, multiple health-risk behaviors are linked to increased morbidity and mortality. A contextual determinant of multiple risk behaviors may be living with a smoker.

Purpose
This study investigated the role of living with a smoker in predicting multiple health-risk behaviors compared to a single health-risk behavior, as well as whether these multiple risk behaviors occur across both physical activity and dietary domains. Moreover, the study tested these effects across 3 years in longitudinal and prospective (controlling for health-risk behaviors at baseline) analyses.

Methods
Participants were 82,644 women (age M = 63.5, standard deviation = 7.36, age range = 49–81) from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. Analyses used multinomial and binary logistic regression.

Results
Living with a smoker was more strongly associated with multiple health-risk behaviors than with a single health-risk behavior. These multiple risk behaviors occurred across both physical activity and dietary domains. The effects persisted across 3 years in longitudinal and prospective analyses. Living with a smoker, compared to not living with a smoker, increased the odds of multiple health-risk behaviors 82% cross-sectionally and, across 3 years, 94% longitudinally and 57% prospectively.

Conclusions
These findings integrate research on multiple health-risk behaviors and on living with a smoker and underscore an unrecognized public health risk of tobacco smoking. These results are relevant to household-level interventions integrating smoking-prevention and obesity-prevention efforts.
Starting from common sense
Authors: Williamson Timothy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Can we escape our reliance on common sense? ‘Starting from common sense’ examines what common sense is, what it isn’t, and its usefulness as a check on philosophy. Aristotle, Thomas Reid, and G.E. Moore were all advocates of common sense—specifically, the common sense of their own time and place—whereas Bertrand Russell dismissed it as pre-scientific barbarism. There is a concern that common sense may become confused with common belief or used as a disguise for popular prejudice. Our evidence for philosophical experiments depends on common-sense methods of thinking. We have no choice but to start at common sense, but we do not have to end at it.
Clarifying terms
Authors: Williamson Timothy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The detection of ambiguity plays a central systematic role in philosophy. ‘Clarifying terms’ argues that an apparent dispute might mask an agreement and vice versa, depending on the words and concepts employed. If a concept is a dictionary definition, is a conception an encyclopaedia entry? One definition may be more useful than another, but not necessarily truer. Mathematics provides useful models. The view of Platonism is that there are such things as abstract objects that are non-physical, non-mental, and do not exist in space or time. Philosophers know that dictionary definitions are inadequate, but the clarity they seek aims towards questions, not indubitable answers.
Comparing theories
Authors: Williamson Timothy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
‘Comparing theories’ starts with materialism—the ‘theory of everything’. Materialism is inconsistent with modern science, which recognizes non-matter such as space-time and electromagnetic fields. Dualism—a school of thought originating with Descartes—is inconstant with materialism or physicalism, as it holds that some things can be physical and some immaterial. Panpsychism is incompatible with dualism, as it imbues everything with consciousness. Rather than testing a single theory, scientists often test rival theories against each other. Scientists and philosophers fall into the trap of overfitting—changing theories to fit their preferred answers. When we practice the philosophical method, we seek good reasons to give one answer over another.
Model-building
Authors: Williamson Timothy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Rather than spending their careers trying to prove universal laws or creating something proven but underwhelming, scientists build manageable models. ‘Model-building’ focuses on how this approach can be applied to philosophy. Model-building is an alternative to philosophy’s historical reliance on counterexamples, which tends towards falsification or artificiality. Returning to linguistics, Rudolf Carnap built a complete system of semantics for an artificial formal language, thus discovering new insights about language itself. Where good models are available, we may get our best results by using several methods as our hypothesis becomes stronger if they are independently pulling in the right direction. The model-building methodology’s potential is only just being realized.
Evaluation of medication safety resources in pediatric hospitals
Authors: Nelson Kembral L , Morvay Shelly , Neidecker Marjorie , Sebastian Sonya , Fischer Jessica , Li Junan , Pai Vinita , Merandi Jenna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Purpose
As health systems continue to expand pharmacy and clinical services, the ability to evaluate potential medication safety risks and mitigate errors remains a high priority. Workload and productivity monitoring tools for the assessment of operational and clinical pharmacy services exist. However, such tools are not currently available to justify medication safety pharmacy services. The purpose of this study is to determine methods used to assess, allocate, and justify medication safety resources in pediatric hospitals.

Methods
A 32-question survey was designed and distributed utilizing the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) tool. The survey was disseminated to 46 pediatric hospitals affiliated with the Children’s Hospital Association (CHA). The survey was distributed in October 2018, and the respondents were given 3 weeks to submit responses. Data analysis includes the use of descriptive statistics. Categorical variables were summarized by frequencies and percentages to distinguish the differences between pediatric health systems.

Results
Of 26 respondents, 15.4% utilized metrics to justify medication safety resources. Metrics utilized were based on medication dispenses, projects, and error coding. Twenty-three percent of respondents were dissatisfied with current pharmacy-based medication safety resources within the organization. There was variability of medication safety resources within pediatric hospitals, including the number of dedicated full-time equivalents, time spent on tasks, and task prioritization.

Conclusion
Assessing medication safety resources at various pediatric hospitals highlights several potential barriers and opportunities. This information will serve as the foundation for the creation of a standardized workload assessment tool to assist pharmacy leaders with additional resource justification.
The Effect of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Matrix on Skin Rejuvenation: A Split-Face Comparison
Authors: Hu Shirley , Bassiri-Tehrani Michael , Abraham Manoj T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite the increasingly popular use of platelet-rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) for facial rejuvenation, no studies have evaluated its effects on skin.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PRFM on skin quality as measured by the Canfield VISIA Complexion Analysis System.

Methods
This was a 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted at a single center comparing 2 groups. Thirty patients received a PRFM injection in the mid-cheek region and nasolabial fold on one side of the face and saline on the contralateral side. The primary outcome measure was the difference between pre- and posttreatment total VISIA skin scores for each group at 6 and 12 weeks. The change in subscores for each skin parameter was also calculated.

Results
There were 30 participants, with a mean [standard deviation] age of 49.9 [13.9] years. At 6 weeks, the median change in total VISIA score (interquartile range) was –1.77 (2.36) in the PRFM group and –0.73 (2.09) in the saline group (P = 0.003). The only skin parameter that had a significantly different change in score between the groups was texture (P = 0.004). At 12 weeks, the change in median score was –1.31 (3.26) in the PRFM cohort and –0.76 (2.21) in the saline cohort (P = 0.34). There was no statistical significance in the change in score for any of the individual skin parameters.

Conclusions
PRFM can objectively improve skin quality compared with placebo. Texture was the only skin parameter that significantly improved, which is consistent with PRFM’s role as a filler agent. The results appear to persist for at least 6 weeks.

Level of Evidence: 1
Decombinator V4: an improved AIRR-C compliant-software package for T-cell receptor sequence annotation?
Authors: Peacock Thomas , Heather James M , Ronel Tahel , Chain Benny 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Analysis of the T-cell receptor repertoire is rapidly entering the general toolbox used by researchers interested in cellular immunity. The annotation of T-cell receptors (TCRs) from raw sequence data poses specific challenges, which arise from the fact that TCRs are not germline encoded, and because of the stochastic nature of the generating process.

Results
In this study, we report the release of Decombinator V4, a tool for the accurate and fast annotation of large sets of TCR sequences. Decombinator was one of the early Python software packages released to analyse the rapidly increasing flow of T-cell receptor repertoire sequence data. The Decombinator package now provides Python 3 compatibility, incorporates improved sequencing error and PCR bias correction algorithms, and provides output which conforms to the international standards proposed by the Adaptive Immune Receptor Repertoire Community.

Availability and implementation
The entire Decombinator suite is freely available at: https://github.com/innate2adaptive/Decombinator.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Cross-frequency coupling between gamma oscillations and deep brain stimulation frequency in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Muthuraman Muthuraman , Bange Manuel , Koirala Nabin , Ciolac Dumitru , Pintea Bogdan , Glaser Martin , Tinkhauser Gerd , Brown Peter , Deuschl Günther , Groppa Sergiu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The disruption of pathologically enhanced beta oscillations is considered one of the key mechanisms mediating the clinical effects of deep brain stimulation on motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. However, a specific modulation of other distinct physiological or pathological oscillatory activities could also play an important role in symptom control and motor function recovery during deep brain stimulation. Finely tuned gamma oscillations have been suggested to be prokinetic in nature, facilitating the preferential processing of physiological neural activity. In this study, we postulate that clinically effective high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus imposes cross-frequency interactions with gamma oscillations in a cortico-subcortical network of interconnected regions and normalizes the balance between beta and gamma oscillations. To this end we acquired resting state high-density (256 channels) EEG from 31 patients with Parkinson’s disease who underwent deep brain stimulation to compare spectral power and power-to-power cross-frequency coupling using a beamformer algorithm for coherent sources. To show that modulations exclusively relate to stimulation frequencies that alleviate motor symptoms, two clinically ineffective frequencies were tested as control conditions. We observed a robust reduction of beta and increase of gamma power, attested in the regions of a cortical (motor cortex, supplementary motor area, premotor cortex) and subcortical network (subthalamic nucleus and cerebellum). Additionally, we found a clear cross-frequency coupling of narrowband gamma frequencies to the stimulation frequency in all of these nodes, which negatively correlated with motor impairment. No such dynamics were revealed within the control posterior parietal cortex region. Furthermore, deep brain stimulation at clinically ineffective frequencies did not alter the source power spectra or cross-frequency coupling in any region. These findings demonstrate that clinically effective deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus differentially modifies different oscillatory activities in a widespread network of cortical and subcortical regions. Particularly the cross-frequency interactions between finely tuned gamma oscillations and the stimulation frequency may suggest an entrainment mechanism that could promote dynamic neural processing underlying motor symptom alleviation.