bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Rumput Raja (Pennisetum purpureophoides) dengan Perlakuan Pupuk Anorganik Dan Organik
Authors: Aritonang Sonria , Rumetor Sientje Daisy , Yoku Onesimus 
Published: May 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and the combination of both on the growth of king grass (Pennisetum purpurephoides). The research method was a completely random design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The research treatments consisted of A (without fertilizer), B (100% inorganic fertilizer), C (100% organic fertilizer), and D (50% inorganic and 50% organic fertilizer). The result of the study shows that inorganic, organic, and its fertilizer combination treatment has a non-significant effect on the height of the plant, the length and width of the leaf, and the length of its segments, while inorganic and organic fertilizer treatment has a significant effect on the stem diameter. The conclusion is that the use of 100 % organic fertilizer has better results for the vegetative growth of king grass (Pennisetum purpurephoides) compared to the use of inorganic fertilizer and its combination.
Postdramatic Theatre and Form
Authors: Taylor-Batty Mark , Wickstrom Maurya , Reynolds James , Beswick Katie , Angelaki Vicky , Finburgh Clare , Brater Enoch 
Published: May 2020

Postdramatic theatre is an essential category of performance that challenges classical elements of drama, including the centrality of plot and character. Tracking key developments in contemporary European and North American performance, this collection redirects ongoing debates about postdramatic theatre, turning attention to the overlooked issue on which they hinge: form.
Contributors draw on literary studies, film studies and critical theory to reimagine the formal aspects of theatre, such as space, media and text. The volume expands how scholars think of theatrical form, insisting that formalist analysis can be useful for studying the ways theatre is produced and consumed, and how theatre makers engage with other forms like dance and visual art. Chapters focus on a range of interdisciplinary artists including Tadeusz Kantor, Ann Liv Young and Ryan Trecartin and Lizzie Fitch, as well as theatre’s enmeshment within institutional formations like funding agencies, festivals, real estate and healthcare.
A timely investigation of the aesthetic structures and material conditions of contemporary performance, this collection refines what we mean, and what we don’t, when we speak of postdramatic theatre.
A new marine biogenic emission: methane sulfonamide (MSAM), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) measured in air over the Arabian Sea
Authors: Edtbauer Achim , Stönner Christof , Pfannerstill Eva Y. , Berasategui Matias , Walter David , Crowley John N. , Lelieveld Jos , Williams Jonathan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. We present the first ambient measurements of a new marine emission methane sulfonamide (MSAM: CH5NO2S), along with dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) over the Arabian Sea. Two shipborne transects (W → E, E → W) were made during the AQABA (Air Quality and Climate Change in the Arabian Basin) measurement campaign. Molar mixing ratios in picomole of species per mole of air (throughout this paper abbreviated as ppt) of DMS were in the range of 300–500 ppt during the first traverse of the Arabian Sea (first leg) and 100–300 ppt on the second leg. On the first leg DMSO2 was always below 40 ppt and MSAM was close to the limit of detection. During the second leg DMSO2 was between 40 and 120 ppt and MSAM was mostly in the range of 20–50 ppt with maximum values of 60 ppt. An analysis of HYSPLIT back trajectories combined with calculations of the exposure of these trajectories to underlying chlorophyll in the surface water revealed that most MSAM originates from the Somalia upwelling region, known for its high biological activity. MSAM emissions can be as high as one-third of DMS emissions over the upwelling region. This new marine emission is of particular interest as it contains both sulfur and nitrogen, making it potentially relevant to marine nutrient cycling and marine atmospheric particle formation.
Circulation of the European northwest shelf: a Lagrangian perspective
Authors: Ricker Marcel , Stanev Emil V. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The dynamics of the European northwest shelf (ENWS), the surrounding deep
ocean, and the continental slope between them are analysed in a framework of
numerical simulations using Lagrangian methods. Several sensitivity
experiments are carried out in which (1) the tides are switched off, (2) the
wind forcing is low-pass filtered, and (3) the wind forcing is switched off.
To measure accumulation of neutrally buoyant particles, a quantity named the
“normalised cumulative particle density (NCPD)” is introduced. Yearly
averages of monthly results in the deep ocean show no permanent particle
accumulation areas at the surface. On the shelf, elongated accumulation
patterns persist in yearly averages, often occurring along the thermohaline
fronts. In contrast, monthly accumulation patterns are highly variable in
both regimes. Tides substantially affect the particle dynamics on the shelf
and thus the positions of fronts. The contribution of wind variability to
particle accumulation in specific regions is comparable to that of tides.
The role of vertical velocities in the dynamics of Lagrangian particles is
quantified for both the eddy-dominated deep ocean and for the shallow shelf.
In the latter area, winds normal to coasts result in upwelling and
downwelling, illustrating the importance of vertical dynamics in shelf seas.
Clear patterns characterising the accumulation of Lagrangian particles are
associated with the vertical circulations.
Resignificación y nuevos discursos sobre la maternidad en las plataformas digitales
Authors: Imbaquingo María Isabel , Dávila Ana Gabriela 
Published: May 2020

Este artículo describe la propuesta discursiva de la plataforma web Nido Parlante sobre la maternidad y el rol social de la mujer-madre, con el objetivo de analizar si las características discursivas de la plataforma promueven un discurso y un imaginario alternativo al de la maternidad tradicional y hegemónica. Para esto, se seleccionó del archivo de la página todos los fragmentos discursivos y se aplicó un método de análisis de discurso simple, propuesto por Siegfried Jäger, el cual consistió en un análisis de estructura y un análisis fino de los fragmentos. Los resultados del análisis se confrontaron, principalmente, con la propuesta teórica de Adrienne Rich sobre la dicotomía entre la maternidad como institución y como experiencia, los no lugares de Marc Augè, que concibe a los medios digitales como espacios abiertos a la posibilidad de nuevas relaciones y significaciones, y con la propuesta de mediación de Jesús Martín Barbero, que define a los medios de comunicación como espacios dinámicos de interacción y significación de los actores de la comunicación. El análisis reveló que Nido Parlante consolida un discurso disruptivo que cuestiona el rol tradicional de la mujer-madre, así como lo doméstico y lo privado como categorías excluyentes; además, concibe a la mujer-madre como protagonista en el plano tanto productivo como artístico, función tradicionalmente ocupada por el hombre. No obstante, también es posible identificar reproducciones del orden social en la resignificación del discurso de la maternidad, lo que genera la interrogante de si la reelaboración es posible solo para un determinado grupo de mujeres con acceso a los medios y de determinado contexto social.
Linguagem, Unidade e Ordem: aspectos da teoria de Hobbes sobre a paz social
Authors: Pontin Fabrício 
Published: May 2020

Este artigo procura estabelecer uma relação entre as dimensões epistemológicas e políticas da obra de Thomas Hobbes, focando, especialmente, no desenvolvimento de uma teoria do discurso e da linguagem na primeira parte do Leviathan, e na ligação desta teoria do discurso e da linguagem com a política e escatologia Hobbesiana. Ao final do trabalho pretendo demonstrar que não obstante a incompatibilidade da tese norteadora de Hobbes com o liberalismo político contemporâneo podemos identificar na obra do autor duas teses fundamentais sobre legitimidade e representação que seguem orientando demandas por inclusão e igualdade em sociedades contemporâneas e liberais.
To Find Accident Prone Zones and Nearest Health Facility by GIS Based Spatial and Network Analysis in Amritsar, Punjab
Authors: Chaudary Jatin , Mishra Vishal , Jain Bhavna , Akshay S , Reddy D Shivaram , Kaduluri Pridhvi Gangireddy 
Published: May 2020

Context: The use of Geographic Information System (GIS) as a real-time monitoring system for the control and management of accident events is well known as it provides a platform to perform various spatial and network analysis and also in the presentation of descriptive data.
Aim and Objective: This paper presents a GIS-based approach to find out areas prone to road traffic accidents based on spatial analysis and to analyze the spatial accessibility using network analysis
Material and Methods Accident particulars like date, location, time and outcome for the year 2015 were included in the GIS database. Moran’s I method of spatial autocorrelation was used for the assessment of spatial clustering of accidents and hotspots spatial densities. The clusters of high and low values of the severity of accidents were obtained using cluster and outlier analysis. Location-allocation was performed as part of network analysis to find the nearest hospital to these high-value clusters.
Results: Spatial autocorrelation showed that there was overall clustering present, cluster and outlier analysis gave clusters of severe accidents at NH-1 and Fortis hospital was the nearest facility to these clusters.
Conclusion: This system is highly useful and provides information about accident locations, accident and service diagnosis and fast delivery of emergency services.
Evaluation of New born Stabilization Units in the Health Facilities in Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Sharma Anusha , Khapre Meenakshi , Kishore Surekha 
Published: May 2020

Background: Our country is adding to one-fifth of live births globally and an enormous number of neonatal deaths (<25%). In India, although the number of new-born stabilization units (NBSU) reported operational is increasing but there is lack of clarity of the role of NBSUs as well as suboptimal utilization and quality of services in these units.
Material and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to Jan 2018 in health facilities with functioning NBSUs in three blocks of Haridwar and two blocks in Tehri.
Results: Out of total 2602 deliveries, 221 neonatal admissions were reported with an average length of stay at the hospital in most of the centres was one and a half-day. There were a limited number of trained doctors and nurses in the health facilities. The maximum deficit was found with the availability of resuscitator and oxygen cylinder (80%) followed by a digital thermometer (75%).
Conclusion: To ensure essential care to the new-borns by keeping quality at the centre it is important to focus upon adequate number of medical staff, properly functioning equipment, continuous supply of medicines, regular training sessions and appropriate referral mechanism to higher centres.
OS BENEFICIÁRIOS DO PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA E O MERCADO DE TRABALHO: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O “EFEITO PREGUIÇA”
Authors: Prosperi Luciene Oliveira , Frias Lincoln 
Published: May 2020

Uma das críticas recorrentes ao Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) é o receio de que os beneficiários trabalhem menos do que trabalhariam se não recebessem a transferência de renda, o chamado “efeito preguiça”. Este artigo é uma revisão bibliográfica sobre esse assunto. Após a introdução, a segunda seção apresenta o perfil do beneficiário do PBF, visando caracterizar o público alvo do programa, enquanto a seção seguinte resume os principais estudos econométricos sobre a participação dos beneficiários no mercado de trabalho. Os estudos analisados não encontraram evidências do efeito preguiça – ou apenas efeitos muito pequenos em alguma subpopulação, p. ex., uma redução pequena no número de horas trabalhadas pelas mães. Outro resultado é a constatação de que estes estudos oferecem poucas informações sobre as opções de trabalho para a pessoas pobres e extremamente pobres. Por isso, a quarta seção se dedica a uma tarefa mais sociológica: a contextualização do mercado de trabalho para essa população, abordando o microempreendedorismo como uma porta de saída para as situações de trabalho degradante. Portanto, o receio de que o PBF faça com que os beneficiários trabalhem menos não é um fundamento consistente para criticar o programa.
Revealing the selective mechanisms of inhibitors to PARP-1 and PARP-2 via multiple computational methods
Authors: Hu Hongye , Chen Buran , Zheng Danni , Huang Guanli 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundResearch has shown that Poly-ADP-ribose polymerases 1 (PARP-1) is a potential therapeutic target in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. An increasing number of studies have focused on the development of highly selective inhibitors that target PARP-1 over PARP-2, its closest isoform, to mitigate potential side effects. However, due to the highly conserved and similar binding sites of PARP-1 and PARP-2, there is a huge challenge for the discovery and design of PARP-1 inhibitors. Recently, it was reported that a potent PARP-1 inhibitor named NMS-P118 exhibited greater selectivity to PARP-1 over PARP-2 compared with a previously reported drug (Niraparib). However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of this inhibitor remains unclear.MethodsIn the present study, classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) simulations combined with structural and energetic analysis were used to investigate the structural dynamics and selective mechanisms of PARP-1 and PARP-2 that are bound to NMS-P118 and Niraparib with distinct selectivity.ResultsThe results from classical MD simulations indicated that the selectivity of inhibitors may be controlled by electrostatic interactions, which were mainly due to the residues of Gln-322, Ser-328, Glu-335, and Tyr-455 in helix αF. The energetic differences were corroborated by the results from aMD simulations.ConclusionThis study provides new insights about how inhibitors specifically bind to PARP-1 over PARP-2, which may help facilitate the design of highly selective PARP-1 inhibitors in the future.
Comparative Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection amongst HIV and Diabetic Patients Attending Tertiary Hospitals in Anambra State
Authors: Chukwudi Ugwu Kenneth , Chuka Ene Paschal , MaryAnn. Orji  Nkeiru , Chinelo U. Umedum , Nnamdi Umetiti Chukwuemeka , Okwudiri Ikeanumba Michael 
Published: May 2020

Aims: The aim of this research work was to survey the epidemiology and diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) amongst HIV and Diabetic patients in Anambra state of Nigeria using Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA).
Study Design: This was a multicenter study covering three tertiary hospitals in Anambra State involving 480 adult HIV positive and Diabetic patients with 240 normal participants as control.
Place and Duration of Study: This study conducted from February 2016 to April 2018 involved the general hospitals chosen from the three senatorial zones in the state.
Methodology: IGRA using T spot TB as well as TST were done for all the participants. HIV screening, CD4 count and Fasting Blood Sugar were also done accordingly.
Results: Overall prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) was 24.4% and 22.5% for IGRA and TST respectively, of the two health groups, HIV group had 35% and 20% for IGRA and TST respectively in their overall prevalence, this was significant (P<.05) compared with the controls which had 2.5% and 4% respectively to IGRA and TST. The diabetics group on the other hand had 13.8% and 25% for IGRA and TST respectively, this also was significant (P<.05) in comparison to its control group with 1.6% each for both IGRA and TST. Out of the 480 patients, 74(15.4%) of them had concordant result, this was 63.2% of the total positive value in the two groups worked on while 43(8.95%) and 34(7%) patients constituted the discordant figures for IGRA and TST respectively.CD4 count was inversely proportional to the presence of LTBI amongst HIV patients using the TST method. Age and duration of illness were significantly associated with LTBI in diabetics (P<.05). Participation rates were higher among males, though females recorded a non significant higher prevalence on the two test methods.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection amongst HIV and Diabetic patients in Anambra State. IGRA and TST diagnostic results were not concordant with each other but IGRA appeared to be more specific than TST in diagnosing LTBI.
Plant Tissue Cultures as Sources of Ingredients for Skin Care Applications
Authors: Apone Fabio , Tito Annalisa , Arciello Stefania , Carotenuto Gennaro , Colucci Maria Gabriella 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn order to support their sessile lifestyle, plants evolved sophisticated defence mechanisms that result in the synthesis of a vast spectrum of chemical compounds. Plants have been the main source of natural ingredients for human use since ancient times and nowadays, with the development of plant tissue culture techniques, remarkable progresses towards the production of bioactive compounds on an industrial scale have been achieved, as plant tissue cultures represent standardized, contaminant‐free, and bio‐sustainable systems. In cosmetics, particularly as skin care applications, plant tissue cultures represent a valuable and promising source of active ingredients with a wide range of biological activities. While plant cells, grown as undifferentiated suspension cultures, could be a valuable source of active molecules which are normally synthesized in low amounts in differentiated tissues, hairy roots or somatic embryo cultures, due to their more specialized nature, synthetize compounds that can address more specific functions in skin care; although widespread in the pharmaceutical industry, plant tissue culture technology is not yet very common in the cosmetic field. The aim of the present article is to focus on the successful research accomplishments in the development of plant tissue cultures‐derived active ingredients for cosmetic applications.
But Weight, There's More: Genetic and Hormonal Control of Fruit Size in Fleshy Fruits
Authors: Read Nicola C. , Schaffer Robert J. , David Karine M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Fleshy fruits come in a range of shapes and sizes, but each fruit is derived from a single meristematic growing point, with the final size determined by the number and plane of cell divisions and cell expansion during ovary and fruit development. During domestication, fruit size has been a selection criterion for most commercial fleshy fruits, and it is an important industry requirement. Extensive molecular work in model and non‐model plants has identified key genes that regulate fruit size including cell‐cycle‐related genes, meristem‐size‐associated genes, controllers of cell division, and genes associated with cell expansion and endoreduplication. These genes operate in a strongly regulated hormonal context that is also influenced by the environment of the plant. While the interaction of all three of these contributes to the final shape and size of the fruit, much research is still needed to fully understand fruit shape and size in fruits. However, key genes are emerging as potential targets to manipulate fruit size, allowing the development of new fruit cultivars.
An Ordered and Fail‐Safe Electrical Network in Cable Bacteria
Authors: Thiruvallur Eachambadi Raghavendran , Bonné Robin , Cornelissen Rob , Hidalgo‐Martinez Silvia , Vangronsveld Jaco , Meysman Filip J. R. , Valcke Roland , Cleuren Bart , Manca Jean V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCable bacteria are an emerging class of electroactive organisms that sustain unprecedented long‐range electron transport across centimeter‐scale distances. The local pathways of the electrical currents in these filamentous microorganisms remain unresolved. Here, the electrical circuitry in a single cable bacterium is visualized with nanoscopic resolution using conductive atomic force microscopy. Combined with perturbation experiments, it is demonstrated that electrical currents are conveyed through a parallel network of conductive fibers embedded in the cell envelope, which are electrically interconnected between adjacent cells. This structural organization provides a fail‐safe electrical network for long‐distance electron transport in these filamentous microorganisms. The observed electrical circuit architecture is unique in biology and can inspire future technological applications in bioelectronics.
An On‐Chip Break Junction System for Combined Single‐Molecule Conductance and Raman Spectroscopies
Authors: Jeong Hyunhak , Li Haipeng B. , Domulevicz Lucas , Hihath Joshua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSystems that are capable of robustly reproducing single‐molecule junctions are an essential prerequisite for enabling the wide‐spread testing of molecular electronic properties, the eventual application of molecular electronic devices, and the development of single‐molecule based electrical and optical diagnostics. Here, a new approach is proposed for achieving a reliable single‐molecule break junction system by using a microelectromechanical system device on a chip. It is demonstrated that the platform can (i) provide subnanometer mechanical resolution over a wide temperature range (≈77–300 K), (ii) provide mechanical stability on par with scanning tunneling microscopy and mechanically controllable break junction systems, and (iii) operate in a variety of environmental conditions. Given these fundamental device performance properties, the electrical characteristics of two standard molecules (hexane‐dithiol and biphenyl‐dithiol) at the single‐molecule level, and their stability in the junction at both room and cryogenic temperatures (≈77 K) are studied. One of the possible distinctive applications of the system is demonstrated, i.e., observing real‐time Raman scattering in a single‐molecule junction. This approach may pave a way to achieving high‐throughput electrical characterization of single‐molecule devices and provide a reliable platform for the convenient characterization and practical application of single‐molecule electronic systems in the future.