bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An aging theory‐based mathematic model for estimating the wax content of wax deposits using the Fick's second law
Authors: Li Rongbin , Huang Qiyu , Zhang Dongxu , Zhu Xiangrui , Shan Jinxu , Wang Junfang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, a mathematic model is proposed for estimating the wax content of wax deposits. The proposed model was built based on the diffusion of wax molecules and counter‐diffusion of oil molecules and described using the Fick's second law, allowing for the stacking fraction and orientational order of precipitated wax crystals and the tortuosity of diffusion path of de‐waxed oil molecules during the counter‐diffusion. The calculated results were verified by comparing with the flow‐loop wax deposition experimental results. Dependence of radial position, deposition duration, bulk temperature, and wall temperature were investigated. These factors significantly affected the wax content during wax deposition. Good agreements were observed between the predictions and experimental results. The variation trends of wax content affected by various aspects are consistent with the existing studies.
Season of birth is not associated with age at menarche in young adults from Central India
Authors: Liczbińska Grażyna , Gautam Rajesh K. , Dubey Pragya , Ahirwar Ajay K. , Chaurasia Anurag , Kosińska Magdalena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to test whether birth season is associated with age at menarche in the sub‐tropical climate of Central India where temperature and photoperiod differences between seasons are very small.MethodsDate of birth and age at menarche were collected for 330 female students of Central University, Sagar. The impact of birth month and birth season on age at menarche was analyzed using ANOVA and time‐to‐event analysis with the use of the Kaplan‐Meier curve.ResultsANOVA, Kaplan‐Meier estimation and Cox Proportional Hazard did not show statistically significant differences in age at menarche according to birth month and birth season.ConclusionsConstant sun exposure during the whole year, related to a stable vitamin D amount and to equal access to fruits and vegetables, may translate into a lack of association between seasons and age at menarche.
Exploring the potential association among sleep disturbances, cognitive impairments, and immune activation in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Yirmiya Erez T. , Mekori‐Domachevsky Ehud , Weinberger Ronnie , Taler Michal , Carmel Miri , Gothelf Doron 
Published: December 2019

Abstract22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.DS) is a neurogenetic disorder caused by a microdeletion in chromosome 22. Its phenotype includes high rates of psychiatric disorders, immune system abnormalities, and cognitive impairments. We assessed the quality of sleep in 22q11.2DS and its potential link to inflammatory markers and cognitive deficits. Thirty‐three 22q11.2DS individuals and 24 healthy controls were studied. Sleep parameters were assessed by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire and correlated with serum cytokine levels and cognitive functioning, measured using the Penn computerized neurocognitive battery (CNB). The 22q11.2DS individuals had significantly worse sleep quality scores than the controls, unrelated to the psychiatric or physical comorbidities common to 22q11.2DS. Interleukin 6 levels were correlated with the overall score of the PSQI questionnaire for nonpsychotic 22q11.2DS participants only. Several domains of the CNB were associated with poorer sleep quality, suggesting that cognitive impairments in 22q11.2DS may be at least partially explained by poor sleep quality. Our findings confirm sleep impairments in individuals with 22q11.2DS, which might negatively affect their cognitive functioning, and corroborate a potential role of immunological pathways in the 22q11.2DS neuro‐phenotype.
Anthropological perspectives on genomic data, genetic ancestry, and race
Authors: Benn Torres Jada 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHuman variation, including questions about race, have been central to biological anthropology since its emergence as a professional discipline in the early 20th century. More recently, genomic data have been used to address open questions about the nature and scope of human variation. Results from genome‐wide association studies and commercially available direct‐to‐consumer genetic ancestry tests have also kindled scholarly debate about the relationship between genetics/genomics and race. Such discussions among scholars and other stakeholders, illustrates that there are still many open issues about how genomic data influence the ways that people think about and debate race and racism. Genetic ancestry remains particularly contentious because of a complicated history of race within anthropology and other human sciences. In this article, I provide a broad overview on understandings of race given the new discoveries in genetics/genomics and provide examples of how these types of data continue to impact social and legal understandings of race. Ultimately, given that a primary focus of biological anthropology is to query human experience from a biological perspective, it will remain critical that biological anthropologists uphold the anti‐racist tradition of modern anthropology and diligently work to shape narratives about human difference.
Unveiling Latent Photoreactivity of Imines
Authors: Uraguchi Daisuke , Tsuchiya Yuto , Ohtani Tsuyoshi , Enomoto Takafumi , Masaoka Shigeyuki , Yokogawa Daisuke , Ooi Takashi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnlike carbonyl compounds, it has long been common understanding that excited imines show virtually no photoreactivity, and hence their properties and potential utility in chemical science remain largely unexplored. Now, a strategy is presented for eliciting latent photoreactivity of imines based on the introduction of a donor–acceptor (D‐A) structure to extend the lifetime of their photoexcited states. A series of spectroscopic analyses and density functional theory calculations reveal unique photophysical properties of the D‐A‐type imines. Furthermore, the reactivity of the D‐A‐type imines is demonstrated by using them as a photoredox catalyst for atom‐transfer radical addition. These findings illuminate a previously neglected chemical space in the field of photochemistry, which will be exploited by taking advantage of the inherent structural modularity of imines.
Adjuvant statin therapy for oesophageal adenocarcinoma: the STAT-ROC feasibility study
Authors: Alexandre L. , Clark A. B. , Walton S. , Lewis M. P. , Kumar B. , Cheong E. C. , Warren H. , Kadirkamanathan S. S. , Parsons S. L. , Dresner S. M. , Sims E. , Jones M. , Hammond M. , Flather M. , Loke Y. K. , Swart A. M. , Hart A. R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Statins inhibit proliferative signalling in oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and their use is associated with better survival in observational studies. The present study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of assessing adjuvant statin therapy in patients with operable OAC in a phase III RCT.

Methods
For this multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled feasibility trial, adults with OAC (including Siewert I–II lesions) who had undergone oesophagectomy were centrally allocated (1 : 1) to simvastatin 40 mg or matching placebo by block randomization, stratified by centre. Participants, clinicians and investigators were blinded to treatment allocation. Patients received treatment for up to 1 year. Feasibility outcomes were recruitment, retention, drug absorption, adherence, safety, quality of life, generalizability and survival.

Results
A total of 120 patients were assessed for eligibility at four centres, of whom 32 (26·7 per cent) were randomized, 16 in each group. Seven patients withdrew. Participants allocated to simvastatin had lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 3 months (adjusted mean difference −0·83 (95 per cent c.i. −1·4 to −0·22) mmol/l; P = 0·009). Median adherence to medication was greater than 90 per cent between 3 and 12 months' follow-up. Adverse events were similar between the groups. Quality-of-life data were complete for 98·3 per cent of questionnaire items. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and aspirin use were more prevalent in the non-randomized group, whereas tumour site, stage and grade were similar between groups. Survival estimates were imprecise.

Conclusion
This RCT supports the conduct and informs the design considerations for a future phase III trial of adjuvant statin therapy in patients with OAC. Registration number: ISRCTN98060456 (http://www.isrctn/com).
CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated mutagenesis to validate the synergy between PARP1 inhibition and chemotherapy in BRCA1‐mutated breast cancer cells
Authors: Mintz Rachel L. , Lao Yeh‐Hsing , Chi Chun‐Wei , He Siyu , Li Mingqiang , Quek Chai Hoon , Shao Dan , Chen Boyuan , Han Jing , Wang Sihong , Leong Kam W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFor patients carrying BRCA1 mutations, at least one‐third develop triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Not only is TNBC difficult to treat due to the lack of molecular target receptors, but BRCA1 mutations (BRCA1m) also result in chemotherapeutic resistance, making disease recurrence more likely. Although BRCA1m are highly heterogeneous and therefore difficult to target, BRCA1 gene's synthetic lethal pair, PARP1, is conserved in BRCA1m cancer cells. Therefore, we hypothesize that targeting PARP1 might be a fruitful direction to sensitize BRCA1m cancer cells to chemotherapy. We used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate PARP1 deficiency in two TNBC cell lines, MDA‐MB‐231 (BRCA1 wild‐type) and MDA‐MB‐436 (BRCA1m). We explored whether this PARP1 disruption (PARP1m) could significantly lower the chemotherapeutic dose necessary to achieve therapeutic efficacy in both a 2D and 3D tumor‐on‐a‐chip model. With both BRCA1m and PARP1m, the TNBC cells were more sensitive to three representative chemotherapeutic breast cancer drugs, doxorubicin, gemcitabine and docetaxel, compared with the PARP1 wild‐type counterpart in the 2D culture environment. However, PARP1m did not result in this synergy in the 3D tumor‐on‐a‐chip model, suggesting that drug dosing in the tumor microenvironment may influence the synergy. Taken together, our results highlight a discrepancy in the efficacy of the combination of PARP1 inhibition and chemotherapy for TNBC treatment, which should be clarified to justify further clinical testing.
Adsorptive filtration: A case study for early impurity reduction in an Escherichia coli production process
Authors: Metzger Karl F.J. , Voloshin Alexei , Schillinger Harald , Kühnel Harald , Maurer Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPrimary recovery of intracellular products from Escherichia coli requires cell disruption which leads to a massive release of process‐related impurities burdening subsequent downstream process (DSP) unit operations. Especially, DNA and endotoxins challenge purification operations due to their size and concentrations. Consequently, an early reduction in impurities will not only simplify the production process but also increase robustness while alleviating the workload afterward. In the present work, we studied the proof of concept whether a nonwoven anion exchange filter material decreases soluble impurities immediately at the clarification step of E. coli DSP. In a first attempt, endotoxin burden was reduced by 4.6‐fold and the DNA concentration by 3.6‐fold compared to conventional depth filtration. A design of experiment for the adsorptive filtration approach was carried out to analyze the influence of different critical process parameters (CPPs) on impurity reduction. We showed that depending on the CPPs chosen, a DNA lowering of more than 3 log values, an endotoxin decrease of approximately 7 logs, and a minor HCP clearance of at least 0.3 logs could be achieved. Thus, we further revealed a chromatography column protecting effect when using adsorptive filtration beforehand.
Intercostal nerve block of the anterior cutaneous branches and the sensibility of the female breast
Authors: Bijkerk Ennie , Cornelissen Anouk J. M. , Sommer Micha , Van Der Hulst René R. W. J. , Lataster Arno , Tuinder Stefania M. H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionBetter sensation in the reconstructed breast improves the quality of life. Sensory nerve coaptation is a valuable addition to autologous breast reconstruction. There are few publications concerning the sensory nerves of the breast and the nipple‐areola complex and reports are contradictory, so it is unknown which nerve is best suited as a recipient for coaptation. The current study serves as a proof of concept.Materials and MethodsThe areas innervated by the anterior cutaneous branches (ACBs) of the intercostal nerves (ICNs) were studied on two separate occasions in two healthy women. First, the ACBs of ICNs 2–5 were individually blocked using ultrasound. Next, the ACBs of all levels were blocked simultaneously. Sensation was measured using Semmes‐Weinstein monofilaments. The numbed areas corresponding to the ICNs were drawn in a raster of 2 × 2 cm.ResultsThe largest area was supplied by the ACB of the 4th ICN, located in the upper (UIQ) and the lower (LIQ) inner quadrants of the breast. The 2nd‐largest area was supplied by the ACB of the 3rd ICN. Blockage of ACBs 2–5 affected sensation in the nipple and the areola.ConclusionsBlockage of all levels 2–5 partially affected sensation in the nipple‐areola complex, suggesting innervation by a nerve plexus consisting of both ACBs and lateral cutaneous branches (LCBs). ACB4 supplied the largest area of the breast in the UIQ and LIQ and could be best suited for sensory nerve coaptation to optimize sensation in the autologously reconstructed breast.
Magnetic resonance imaging anatomy and morphometry of lumbar intervertebral foramina to guide safe transforaminal subarachnoid punctures
Authors: Khalaf Alexander M. , Yedavalli Vivek , Massoud Tarik F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPercutaneous transforaminal lumbar punctures (TFLPs) offer alternative access routes to the lumbar subarachnoid cistern. Safe fluoroscopic insertion of a needle through a lumbar intervertebral foramen (IVF) should ideally avoid the exiting spinal nerve and surrounding vascular pedicles. A crescentic region in the posterior aspect of IVF is the conventional position for needle placement during TFLP, but the underlying anatomic basis for this has not been evaluated fully. To enhance TFLP safety, we defined the morphometry of normal lumbar IVFs and precise locations of neurovascular structures in the IVF posterior crescent. We retrospectively reviewed high‐resolution T2‐weighted lumbar spine magnetic resonance images of 40 normal adults to establish normative dimensions of each IVF from L1 to L5 bilaterally. We segmented the IVF posterior crescent into three parts, and within each, measured the areas occupied by neurovascular structures. We statistically correlated the presence or absence of neurovascular structures in each crescent segment using a chi‐square test. The mean morphometrics for all 304 IVFs in 10 males and 30 females of similar ages were: area 115.3 ± 29.5 mm2; height 18.0 ± 2.4 mm; and width at mid‐disc level 5.6 ± 2.1 mm. We found a significant association between crescent segment and presence or absence of neurovascular structures (χ2 = 95.9, p < .001). A post‐hoc calculation of adjusted standardized residuals identified a significant association between the middle crescent segment and absence of neurovascular structures. Thus, the middle segment of the IVF posterior crescent is significantly most devoid of neurovascular structures, and more often would be the safest target for needle placement during TFLP.
Pseudo‐reentry due to automatic annotation of dissociated activity unmasked by the new Lumipoint™ algorithm
Authors: Solimene Francesco , Maddaluno Francesco , Malacrida Maurizio , Schillaci Vincenzo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe new Lumipoint™ algorithm based on map analysis with several features is a valuable aid to understanding complex circuits, particularly as it can unmask areas with dissociated activity misleadingly annotated by an automatic mapping system.
Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis: A rare mimicker of prostate adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mukendi Alain Mwamba , Doherty Sean , Mohanlal Reena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractXanthogranulomatous prostatitis as mimicker of prostate adenocarcinoma can cause a diagnostic dilemma, as presented in this case. Therefore, alongside histopathology analysis, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) would be useful in this situation by identifying and characterizing suspicious prostatic lesions before biopsy thereby supporting current recommendations on the use of mpMRI.
Epicardial left ventricular lead implantation in cardiac resynchronization therapy patients via a video‐assisted thoracoscopic technique: Long‐term outcome
Authors: Marini Massimiliano , Branzoli Stefano , Moggio Paolo , Martin Marta , Belotti Giuseppina , Molon Giulio , Guarracini Fabrizio , Coser Alessio , Quintarelli Silvia , Pederzolli Carlo , Graffigna Angelo , Penzo Daniele , Valsecchi Sergio , Bottoli Maria Caterina , Pepi Patrizia , Bonmassari Roberto , Droghetti Andrea 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundEpicardial placement of the left ventricular (LV) lead via a video‐assisted thoracoscopic (VAT) approach is an alternative to the standard transvenous technique.HypothesisLong‐term safety and efficacy of VAT and transvenous LV lead implantation are comparable. To test it, we reviewed our experience and we compared the outcomes of patients who underwent implantation with the two techniques.MethodsThe VAT procedure is performed under general anesthesia, with oro‐tracheal intubation and right‐sided ventilation, and requires two 5 mm and one 15 mm thoracoscopic ports. After pericardiotomy at the spot of the epicardial target area, pacing measurements are taken and a spiral screw electrode is anchored at the final pacing site. The electrode is then tunneled to the pectoral pocket and connected to the device.Results105 patients were referred to our center for epicardial LV lead implantation. After pre‐operative assessment, 5 patients were excluded because of concomitant conditions precluding surgery. The remaining 100 underwent the procedure. LV lead implantation was successful in all patients (median pacing threshold 0.8 ± 0.5 V, no phrenic nerve stimulation) and cardiac resynchronization therapy was established in all but one patient. The median procedure time was 75 min. During a median follow‐up of 24 months, there were no differences in terms of death, cardiovascular hospitalizations or device‐related complications vs the group of 100 patients who had undergone transvenous implantation. Patients of both groups displayed similar improvements in terms of ventricular reverse remodeling and functional status.ConclusionsOur VAT approach proved safe and effective, and is a viable alternative in the case of failed transvenous LV implantation.
Effects of the therapist's statements on the patient's outcome and the therapeutic alliance: A systematic review
Authors: Kadur Jennifer , Lüdemann Jonas , Andreas Sylke 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis systematic review summarizes articles that examined the effects of the psychotherapist's statements on the outcome of the patient and the therapeutic alliance.The databases PsychINFO, PSYNDEX, PubMed, and PsychARTICLES were searched, and English peer‐reviewed articles were included. Participants should be adult patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnosis who were receiving evidence‐based psychotherapy in an individual setting. Studies with a standardized, observer‐based measurement of the therapist's verbal utterances on the basis of verbatim transcripts of therapy sessions were included. Furthermore, there should be a standardized measurement of the symptom outcome or a measurement of the therapeutic alliance. The 10 included articles showed that supportive and exploratory statements and addressing aspects in the therapeutic relationship were perceived as positive regarding symptom outcome. Negative effects were particularly evident with controlling and challenging statements of the therapist. Regarding the therapeutic alliance, both positive and negative as well as nonsignificant results were obtained. The results of this review suggest that the question of which statements by therapists correlate positively or negatively with the outcome of therapy and the therapeutic alliance cannot be answered unequivocally and must be applied to more individual and specific situations.
Four‐day plaque regrowth evaluation of a peptide chewing gum in a double‐blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kirkwood Brian , Miller Michael , Milleman Jeffery , Milleman Kimberly , Leung Kai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveAntimicrobial peptide, KSL‐W, formulated as an antiplaque chewing gum (APCG), was tested to evaluate the dental plaque inhibition activity and safety in an IRB approved and FDA regulated 4‐day plaque regrowth clinical study.MethodsThis Phase 2 two‐armed placebo‐controlled, double blind, randomized (1:1), multiple dose, and single‐center study was evaluated in a proof of concept for the APCG containing 30 mg antimicrobial peptide KSL‐W. Twenty six generally healthy subjects were consented and randomized into the study. The subjects were administered a dose three times per day for four treatment days following a complete dental prophylaxis. Participants were prohibited from conducting oral hygiene care (teeth brushing, flossing, and/or mouth wash rinse) for the duration of the trial. Twelve to 16 hr prior to the baseline visit, the subjects were to abstain from oral hygiene care. The Quigley–Hein Turesky plaque index (QHT) score and the oral soft tissue clinical exams were obtained at both Day 0 and Day 4.ResultsAll randomized study subjects that received either APCG or placebo gum completed the study with no significant adverse events recorded. The APCG significantly inhibited the regrowth of dental plaque over the course of 4 days. The whole mouth data demonstrated a difference in the QHT between the APCG and the placebo gum of 1.14 (SE = 0.27) and 95% confidence bounds of 0.58, 1.70 with a two‐tailed P value of .0003.ConclusionConsidering the limited sample size, the proof of concept analysis in this Phase 2 study confirmed that APCG is effective against dental plaque formation and safe for human use. (ClinicalTrials.gov Study ID# NCT02864901).
The impact of corporate social responsibility on buying tendencies from the perspective of stakeholder theory and practices
Authors: Waheed Abdul , Zhang Qingyu , Rashid Yasir , Zaman Khan Sher 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on buying behavior tendencies (BBTs), adopting two sub‐tendencies of BBTs—exploratory acquisition of buying tendencies (EAPTs) and exploratory information seeking tendencies (EISTs)—based on the stakeholder theory and practices. Data were collected and examined using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The study revealed a positive relationship between CSR practices and BBTs, and a significant correlation of CSR on both EISTs and EAPTs. Additionally, it verified a positive linkage between CSR and BBTs through the mediation of EAPTs and EISTs. These results provide insights for managements, especially those in CSR‐oriented firms, on how incorporation of CSR activities may influence the BBTs of consumers. Finally, the paper discusses several implications for strategic management along with avenues for future research.