bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ReumaCoV Brasil Registry: Brazilian Study of Patients with Immuno-mediated Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Infected by SARS-CoV-2&nbsp;
Authors: Marques Claudia Diniz Lopes , Kakehasi Adriana Maria , Gomides Ana Paula Monteiro , Martins Danyelly Bruneska Gondim , Paiva Eduardo dos Santos , Neto Edgard Torres dos Reis , Pileggi Gecilmara Cristina Salviato , Ferreira Gilda Aparecida , Mota Licia Maria Henrique da , Pinheiro Marcelo Medeiros , Xavier Ricardo Machado , Provenza José Roberto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRD) are at increased risk of infections, including significant morbidity and high mortality. Considering the potential for unfavorable outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with IMRD, a huge number of questions were released regarding the impact of COVID-19 in the beginning of the pandemic. Seeking to better understand this complex interaction, this study was developed to evaluate prospectively patients with IMRD and a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, according to the Ministry of Health of Brazil’s definitions. The primary outcomes will be the IMRD disease activity changes after COVID-19, at four time points: (1) At baseline and prior 6 months; (2) The first rheumatic evaluation after known infection by SARS-CoV-2 (4-6 weeks); (3) 3 months after the inclusion (±15 days); (4) 6 months after inclusion (±15 days). The secondary outcomes will be the progression rate to severe forms of COVID-19, need for intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation, death and therapeutic changes related to the IMRD. Two outcomes are of particular interest considering the COVID-19 in IMRD patients, namely pulmonary and the thromboembolic events, and they will be monitored with more attention and details (clinical, lab, function tests and imaging). This protocol was approved by the Brazilian Committee of Ethics in Human Research (CONEP) on April 5th, 2020 (CAAE 30186820.2.1001.8807; Number: 3.933.204) and registered on the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials – REBEC (RBR-33YTQC) in June, 1st 2020. We believe this study will provide many clinically relevant data on the general impact of COVID-19 on IMRD patients.
Extraction, identification, and quantification of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in rumen fluid samples using Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector (RP HPLC-DAD)
Authors: Vargas Julián Andrés Castillo , Araújo Tiago Costa de , Mezzomo Rafael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In ruminant animals, volatile fatty acids (VFA) or short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are derived from the protein and carbohydrate fermentation by rumen microorganism. Hence, the VFA determination in rumen fluid allows the evaluation of the nutritional quality of a diet, as well as its potential impact on the chemical composition of ruminant milk and meat. Thus, we developed a protocol to extract, identify, and quantify acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, and caproic acids in ruminal fluid samples using RP-HPLC-DAD. Despite literature findings had shown that the most suitable column for VFA chromatographic separation under HPLC-DAD is an ion-exchange column, our protocol showed that a C18 column also allows an efficient VFA separation of the aforementioned acid, except for butyric and iso-butyric acids. This condition may constitute a limitation of the Hypersil GOLD C18 column use for VFA determination. However, considering that the concentration of iso-butyric acid is significantly lower than that of butyric acid, a good estimation of butyric acid can be obtained.
Protocol for optical percutaneous needle biopsy of the liver
Authors: Dremin Viktor , Potapova Elena , Zherebtsov Evgeny , Kandurova Ksenia , Shupletsov Valery , Alekseyev Alexander , Mamoshin Andrian , Dunaev Andrey 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Liver cancer remains one of the most widespread cancer types worldwide. The time spent on the diagnosis is one of crucial factors ensuring the effectiveness of treatment. As percutaneous needle biopsy remains the gold standard for liver diagnosis, it is necessary to develop new methods for improving this procedure. One of the most promising directions is multimodal optical biopsy. The proposed protocol describes the methodology of real-time in vivo optical measurements of liver lesions during the percutaneous needle biopsy of the liver. The multimodal approach combines the methods of fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and conventional histological analysis.
Anais III COPB - III Congresso de Odontologia da Paraíba - Edição Exclusive 2020
Authors: Santos Thayana Karla Guerra Lira dos , Macêdo Filho Robeci Alves , Silva Maria das Graças Barbosa da , Macedo João Lucas de Araújo , Santos Eduardo Augusto dos , Silva Rayssa Maria Pinheiro da , Santos Júnior Emiliano Marinho dos 
Published: September 2020

EditorialO III COPB, maior encontro de Odontologia já realizado no Nordeste, ocorreu nos dias 6 e 7 de março de 2020, no Hotel Garden de Campina Grande em um grande teatro reunindo profissionais e acadêmicos estimulando a troca de conhecimentos, trazendo o que há de mais moderno e abordando os mais diversos temas. Com a presença de grandes palestrantes nacionais e internacionais, grandes nomes da Odontologia no Brasil e no mundo, contou com a participação de mais de 1,5 mil profissionais e estudantes de Odontologia.Comissão Organizadora - III COPB - Edição Exclusive 2020
Water Flux below the Root Zone vs. Drip‐Line Spacing in Drip‐Irrigated Corn
Authors: Darusman  , Khan Akhter H. , Stone Loyd R. , Lamm Freddie R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUse of microirrigation (drip) is increasing, prompted by factors such as a greater ability to control losses of water and nutrients from the root zone. The cost of drip can be reduced by using wider drip‐line spacings. Our objective was to evaluate water flux below the root zone (1.5‐m soil depth) with a subsurface drip irrigation system having drip‐line spacings of 1.5, 2.3, and 3.1 m near Colby, KS. The soil is a deep silt loam that formed in loess. The crop was corn (Zea mays L.), planted in rows spaced 0.76 m apart. Water flux at the 1.5‐m soil depth was determined in five treatments (Trt.): 1.5‐m spacing, full irrigation; 2.3‐m spacing, 67% of full irrigation; 2.3‐m spacing, full irrigation; 3.1‐m spacing, 50% of full irrigation; and 3.1‐m spacing, full irrigation. With full irrigation, irrigation plus effective rain equaled calculated corn evapotranspiration (ET). Tensiometers were placed below the drip line and at increments of 0.4 m from the drip line at soil depths of 1.4 and 1.7 m. Water flux was calculated by using a hydraulic conductivity (K) vs. matric potential (ψm) relationship, ψm data from tensiometers within the corn plots, and Darcy's equation of water flow. In‐season water fluxes below the root zone (1.5 m) were 51, 118, and 124 mm at drip‐line spacings of 1.5, 2.3, and 3.1 m, respectively. In 1990, corn grain yield was not significantly affected by spacing. In 1991, with drier initial soil‐water conditions, corn yielded significantly less grain at spacings of 2.3 m (11.5 Mg ha‐1) and 3.1 m (10.7 Mg ha‐1) than at a drip‐line spacing of 1.5 m (13.1 Mg ha‐1). If spacing between drip lines is increased beyond 1.5 m in the silt loam soils of western Kansas, there would be an associated increase in internal drainage from the root zone and decrease in corn yields.
Water geochemical markers allow estimation of the impact of climate change on the hydrological regime of an Alpine river (River Arve, France, Switzerland)
Authors: Nirel Pascale , Iorgulescu Ion , Filella Montserrat 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The impact of climate change upon the hydrological regimes of streams has become an issue of major concern that requires adapted tools to detect and follow the scale of possible changes. In this study, we use a geochemical approach that exclusively relies on measurements of chemical concentrations in order to investigate the effect of climate change on the hydrological regime of the River Arve, a Franco-Swiss river running from the Alps to the River Rhône. Our method relies on the use of a dimensionless parameter, the ratio of uranium and barium concentrations in river waters. This marker has the advantage of not needing the measurement of river discharges. Its application to 25 years of data collected in the River Arve by Canton Geneva, Switzerland, leads to the conclusion that the glacio-nival signature is appearing earlier in the year and lasts for longer periods.
Future drought analysis using SPI and EDDI to consider climate change in South Korea
Authors: Won Jeongeun , Kim Sangdan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Prediction of drought is important for efficient water management, as the occurrence of droughts affects large areas over a long period. According to various climate change scenarios, it is reported that in the future, Korea's climate is likely to increase in temperature with increasing rainfall. This increase in temperature will have a big impact on evapotranspiration. The occurrence of drought begins mainly with two causes: lack of rainfall or an increase in evapotranspiration. Therefore, in this study, the impact of climate change on future droughts is revealed through the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Evaporative Demand Drought Index (EDDI). These two drought indices with different characteristics are used to examine the trend of future drought, and a drought Severity-Duration-Frequency (SDF) curve was derived to quantitatively analyze the depth of future drought. Future droughts are projected by applying future climate data generated from various climate models.
Efficiency of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands cultivated with grasses of different root systems
Authors: de Jesus Fernanda Lamede Ferreira , de Matos Antonio Teixeira , de Matos Mateus Pimentel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of stoloniferous and fasciculated root systems, of Tifton 85 and vetiver grass respectively, on pollutant removal for primary treatment of sewage in horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF-CWs). For this, three HSSF-CWs measuring 4 m × 1 m × 0.25 m, filling with gneiss gravel # 0 (D60 of 7.0 mm and 48.4% porosity) as substrate, were used. One unit was cultivated with Tifton 85 grass (HSSFT-CW), one with vetiver grass (HSSFV-CW) and one remained uncultivated (HSSFC-CW) as a control. Sewage was applied at a flow rate of 0.53–0.80 m3 d−1, corresponding to an organic loading rate of approximately 350 kg ha−1 d−1 (biochemical oxygen demand – BOD), which resulted in a hydraulic retention time of 0.6–0.9 day. The HSSFV-CW was more efficient than the HSSFC-CW in removing dissolved solids (measured as electrical conductivity) and reducing the total suspended solids (TSS), BOD5, turbidity and sodium concentration, while the HSSFT-CW was not superior in any way. The results indicate that cultivation of vetiver grass provided increased efficiency for removing pollutants from sewage when compared with Tifton 85-grass, in the HSSF-CW.
Ranking of hybrid wavelet-AI models by TOPSIS method for estimation of daily flow discharge
Authors: Farajpanah Hiwa , Lotfirad Morteza , Adib Arash , Esmaeili-Gisavandani Hassan , Kisi Özgur , Riyahi Mohammad Mehdi , Salehpoor Jaber 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This research uses the multi-layer perceptron–artificial neural network (MLP-ANN), radial basis function–ANN (RBF-ANN), least square support vector machine (LSSVM), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), M5 model tree (M5T), gene expression programming (GEP), genetic programming (GP) and Bayesian network (BN) with five types of mother wavelet functions (MWFs: coif4, db10, dmey, fk6 and sym7) and selects the best model by the TOPSIS method. The case study is the Navrood watershed in the north of Iran and the considered parameters are daily flow discharge, temperature and precipitation during 1991 to 2018. The derived results show that the best method is the hybrid of the M5T model with sym7 wavelet function. The MWFs were decomposed by discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The combination of AI models and MWFs improves the correlation coefficient of MLP, RBF, LSSVM, ANFIS, GP, GEP, M5T and BN by 8.05%, 4.6%, 8.14%, 8.14%, 22.97%, 7.5%, 5.75% and 10% respectively.
Geochemical characteristics of arsenic in groundwater during riverbank filtration: a case study of Liao River, Northeast China
Authors: Lu Shuai , Feng Xiaoyu , Su Xiaosi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Affected by groundwater exploitation in the riverside, the infiltration of river water to recharge groundwater will cause changes in the groundwater environment, which has an important impact on the geochemical behavior of arsenic in groundwater. In this study, the groundwater environment zones in the process of river water infiltration were divided, and the arsenic content in groundwater in the study area had a good correlation with the environment zones. In the weak oxidation environment zone and the weak reductive environment zone, as the distance from the riverbank increased, the arsenic content gradually increased. In the reduction environment zone, there was a decreasing trend in arsenic content in groundwater. The arsenic content in groundwater varied significantly with the seasons, and its dynamic characteristics were closely related to the water level. The arsenic content in groundwater decreased with the rise in groundwater level, and it responded obviously to the change of water level in the shallows. Overall, arsenic entered the groundwater from the solid phase through adsorption and desorption of exchangeable arsenic and exchangeable iron, and reductive dissolution of iron or manganese oxides bound iron in the medium during riverbank filtration.
Vermiproductivity, maturation and microbiological changes derived from the use of liquid anaerobic digestate during the vermicomposting of market waste
Authors: Crutchik Dafne , Rodríguez-Valdecantos Gustavo , Bustos Gabriela , Bravo Javier , González Bernardo , Pabón-Pereira Claudia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recently, it has been suggested that the liquid fraction of anaerobic digestate, derived from the treatment of wastewater and solid wastes, could be used in vermicomposting as a solution to its disposal, and even for its valorization. Nevertheless, the literature does not provide enough information about its impact on the process of vermicomposting itself and on the final quality of the end-product. In this study, the effect of different doses of digestate in the vermicomposting process treating market waste is assessed measuring earthworm population dynamics, the bacterial community succession present in the vermibeds, as well as maturation and the end-quality of the vermicompost. Our results show that the addition of liquid digestate to the vermibeds increased the earthworms biomass, i.e. 71%, 94% and 168% in control, and vermibeds with 30% and 60% digestate, respectively. Further, the increase in the amount of N in the vermicompost decreased as the digestate addition increased, i.e. 75%, 8%, 3%. The maturity achieved was high in all treatments as shown by the C/N ratio, 7.98, 7.40 and 10.20, and the high seed germination rate, above 90%. Finally, the succession of the microbial community was not disturbed and compositional stabilization was reached after 92 days.
Targeting COVID-19 in Parkinson’s Patients: Drugs Repurposed
Authors: Anwar Firoz , Naqvi Salma , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Neelofar Nauroz , Kumar Vikas , Sahoo Ankit , Kamal Mohammad Amjad 
Published: September 2020

:
The last couple of months have witnessed the world in a state of virtual standstill. The
SARS-CoV-2 virus has overtaken the globe to economic and social lockdown. Many patients with
COVID-19 have compromised immunity, especially in an aged population suffering from Parkinson's
disease (PD).

:
Alteration in dopaminergic neurons and deficiency of dopamine in PD patients are the most common
symptoms affecting 1% population above the age of 60 years. The compromised immune system
and inflammatory manifestation in PD patients make them an easy target. The most common
drugs under trial for COVID-19 are remdesivir, favipiravir, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine,
azithromycin along with adjunct drugs like amantadine with some monoclonal antibodies.

:
Presently, clinically US FDA approved drugs in PD include Levodopa, catechol-O-methyl transferase
(COMT) inhibitors, (Entacapone and Tolcapone), dopamine agonists (Bromocriptine,
Ropinirole, Pramipexole, and Rotigotine), monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors (Selegiline
and Rasagiline), amantadine and antimuscarinic drugs. The drugs have established mechanisms of
action on PD patients with known pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties along with
dose and adverse effects.

:
Conclusion and relevance of this review focus on the drugs that can be tried on PD patients with
SAR CoV-2 infection, in particular, amantadine that has been approved by all the developed countries
as a common drug possessing both antiviral properties by downregulation of CTSL, lysosomal
pathway disturbance and change in pH necessary to uncoat the viral proteins and anti-
Parkinson properties. To deal with the significant prognostic adverse effect of SARS-CoV-2 on
PD, the present-day treatment options, clinical presentation and various mechanisms are the need
of the hour.
Solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (Solid SEDDS) for Testosterone Undecanoate: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation
Authors: Liang Xi , Hua Yabing , Liu Qian , Li Zhiguo , Yu Fanglin , Gao Jing , Zhang Hui , Zheng Aiping 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
The current study aimed to investigate the potential of Solid Self-Emulsifying
Drug Delivery Systems (solid SEDDS) loaded with Testosterone Undecanoate (TU) (solid TUSEDDS).
The solid TU-SEDDS was composed of TU, Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT, oil), 2-
Chloro-1-(chloromethyl) ethyl carbamate (EL-35, surfactant) and polyethylene glycol (PEG400, cosurfactant).
It was expected to improve the dissolution and oral bioavailability of TU, as a result of
investigating the feasibility of the clinical application of SEDDS.

Methods:
First, a TU-SEDDS was developed by using rational blends of components with the
good solubilizing ability for TU. Next, a ternary phase diagram was constructed to determine the
self-emulsifying region, and the formulation was optimized. Then, the solid TU-SEDDS formulation
was established by screening suitable solid adsorptions. Finally, the prepared SEDDS, TUSEDDS
and solid TU-SEDDS formulations were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
The size of the solid TU-SEDDS was 189.1 ± 0.23 nm. The Transmission Electron Microscopy
(TEM) results showed that the oil droplets were homogenous and spherical with good integrity.
The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray Powder Dffraction (XRD) results indicated
that the solid TU-SEDDS formulation almost preserves the amorphous state. Scanning Electron
Microscopy (SEM) indicated that neusilin US2 successfully adsorbed the TU-SEDDS. Drug
release indicated that the dissolution of the solid TU-SEDDS was faster than that of Andriol Testocaps
®. Furthermore, in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats showed
that the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the solid TU-SEDDS (487.54±208.80 μg/L×h) was higher
than that of Andriol Testocaps® (418.93±273.52 μg/L×h, P < 0.05). In beagles not fed a high-fat diet,
the AUC of the solid TU-SEDDS (5.81±4.03 μg/L×h) was higher than that of Andriol Testocaps
® (5.53±3.43 μg/L×h, P > 0.05). In beagles fed a high-fat diet, the AUC of the solid TUSEDDS
(38.18±21.90 μg/L×h) was higher than that of Andriol Testocaps® (37.17±13.79 μg/L×h, P
> 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to the results of this research, oral solid TU-SEDDS is expected to be
another alternative delivery system for the late-onset hypogonadism. This is beneficial to the transformation
of existing drug delivery systems into preclinical and clinical studies.
Solubility Enhancement of Methotrexate by Solid Nanodispersion Approach for the Improved Treatment of Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Rajalingam Karthikeyan , Krishnaswami Venkateshwaran , Alagarsamy Shanmugarathinam , Kandasamy Ruckmani 
Published: September 2020

Aims:
The present work aimed to develop MT loaded solid Nano dispersion by improving its
solubility, half-life and bioavailability in biological system thereby this formulation may be afforded
economically.

Background:
Small cell lung carcinoma is a type of malignant tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell
growth at lung tissues. The potent anti-cancer drug methotrexate (MT) chosen for the present work is
poorly soluble in water (BCS type IV class) with short half-life and hepatotoxic effect.

Objective:
With the concept of polymeric surfactant to improve the solubility along with wettability of
drugs, the present work has been hypothesized to improve its solubility using polyvinyl pyrollidone
(PVP K30) polymer and α- tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) surfactant, thereby
the bioavailability is expected to get enhanced. By varying the PVP K30 and TPGS ratios different formulations
were developed using emulsification process.

Methods:
The developed MT loaded solid nanodispersion was further characterized for its particle size,
charge, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and in-vitro release behavior etc.

Results:
The results of FT-IR spectrometric analysis indicated the compatibility nature of MTX,
PVPK30 and TPGS. The developed formulations showed spherical morphology, particle size ranging
from 59.28±24.2 nm to 169.33±10.85 nm with a surface charge ranging from -10.33 ± 2.81mV to -9.57
± 1.2 mV. The in vitro release studies as performed by dialysis bag method showed a sustained release
pattern as checked by UV Spectrophotometer. Residual solvent analysis for MTXNDs performed by
HPLC indicates there is no residual DMSO in the formulation. Transmission electron microscopic image
of MTXNDs revealed that the particles are spherical shaped with a solid core structure. Haemolytic
assay indicates that the developed formulation is safe for intravenous administration. Cell culture studies
in A549 cells indicates the enhanced cytotoxic effect for the developed formulation.

Conclusion:
This proof of study indicates that the developed formulation may have anticancer potential
for SCLC treatment.