bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of main types of hunted red deer meat obtained in Spain compared to farmed venison from New Zealand
Authors: Serrano Martina Pérez , Maggiolino Aristide , Landete-Castillejos Tomás , Pateiro Mirian , Barbería Javier Pérez , Fierro Yolanda , Domínguez Rubén , Gallego Laureano , García Andrés , De Palo Pasquale , Lorenzo José Manuel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDeer venison is increasingly valued as a natural meat. This study examines the three main sources of venison: farmed venison from New Zealand (NZ), the world’s leading producer, and wild deer from Spain (SP), the second largest producer, which mainly supplies venison from traditional autumn–winter driven hunts (monteria), involving packs of dogs, and a smaller proportion culled through summer selective stalking. Meat from NZ contained more protein, lower shear force and lowern-6/n-3 ratio (P < 0.01). Spanish meat had a greater content of total, essential and non-essential amino acids (P < 0.01). Meat from deer culled in winter had lower intramuscular fat and saturated fatty acids (FA) but higher polyunsaturated FA (P < 0.01) and pH (P < 0.001) than meat from summer stalked deer. Therefore, venison presents differences by country of origin for composition, FA and texture that are likely to affect its health characteristics. Anomalies observed in meat between the winter driven hunt and non-stressful summer stalking may be attributed to the level of death stress in the case of variables such as pH. However, the effect on fat and mineral composition seems to be seasonal, depending respectively on wild diet or cyclic osteoporosis in males.
A DNA methylation signature discriminates between excellent and non-response to lithium in patients with bipolar disorder type 1
Authors: Marie-Claire C. , Lejeune F. X. , Mundwiller E. , Ulveling D. , Moszer I. , Bellivier F. , Etain B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLithium (Li) is the cornerstone maintenance treatment for bipolar disorders (BD), but response rates are highly variable. To date, no clinical or biological marker is available to reliably define eligibility criteria for a maintenance treatment with Li. We examined whether the prophylactic response to Li (assessed retrospectively) is associated with distinct blood DNA methylation profiles. Bisulfite-treated total blood DNA samples from individuals with BD type 1 (15 excellent-responders (LiERs) versus 11 non-responders (LiNRs)) were used for targeted enrichment of CpG rich genomic regions followed by high-resolution next-generation sequencing to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs). After controlling for potential confounders we identified 111 DMRs that significantly differ between LiERs and LiNRs with a significant enrichment in neuronal cell components. Logistic regression and receiver operating curves identified a combination of 7 DMRs with a good discriminatory power for response to Li (Area Under the Curve 0.806). Annotated genes associated with these DMRs include Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2B Subunit Epsilon (EIF2B5), Von Willebrand Factor A Domain Containing 5B2 (VWA5B2), Ral GTPase Activating Protein Catalytic Alpha Subunit 1 (RALGAPA1). Although preliminary and deserving replication, these results suggest that biomarkers of response to Li may be identified through peripheral epigenetic measures.
Validation of a stroke model in rat compatible with rt-PA-induced thrombolysis: new hope for successful translation to the clinic
Authors: Arkelius Kajsa , Vivien Denis , Orset Cyrille , Ansar Saema 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe recent clinical trial (DAWN) suggests that recanalization treatment may be beneficial up to 24 h after stroke onset, thus re-opening avenues for development of new therapeutic strategies. Unfortunately, there is a continuous failure of drugs in clinical trials and one of the major reasons proposed for this translational roadblock is the animal models. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to validate a new thromboembolic stroke rat model that mimics the human pathology, and that can be used for evaluating new strategies to save the brain in conditions compatible with recanalization. Stroke was induced by injection of thrombin into the middle cerebral artery. Recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) or saline was administrated at 1 h/4 h after stroke onset, and outcome was evaluated after 24 h. Induced ischemia resulted in reproducible cortical brain injuries causing a decrease in neurological function 24 h after stroke onset. Early rt-PA treatment resulted in recanalization, reduced infarct size and improved neurological functions, while late rt-PA treatment showed no beneficial effects and caused hemorrhagic transformation in 25% of the rats. This validated and established model’s resemblance to human ischemic stroke and high translational potential, makes it an important tool in the development of new therapeutic strategies for stroke.
MCD diet-induced steatohepatitis generates a diurnal rhythm of associated biomarkers and worsens liver injury in Klf10 deficient mice
Authors: Leclère Pierre S. , Rousseau Déborah , Patouraux Stéphanie , Guérin Sophie , Bonnafous Stéphanie , Gréchez-Cassiau Aline , Ruberto Anthony A. , Luci Carmelo , Subramaniam Malayannan , Tran Albert , Delaunay Franck , Gual Philippe , Teboul Michèle 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA large number of hepatic functions are regulated by the circadian clock and recent evidence suggests that clock disruption could be a risk factor for liver complications. The circadian transcription factor Krüppel like factor 10 (KLF10) has been involved in liver metabolism as well as cellular inflammatory and death pathways. Here, we show that hepatic steatosis and inflammation display diurnal rhythmicity in mice developing steatohepatitis upon feeding with a methionine and choline deficient diet (MCDD). Core clock gene mRNA oscillations remained mostly unaffected but rhythmic Klf10 expression was abolished in this model. We further show that Klf10 deficient mice display enhanced liver injury and fibrosis priming upon MCDD challenge. Silencing Klf10 also sensitized primary hepatocytes to apoptosis along with increased caspase 3 activation in response to TNFα. This data suggests that MCDD induced steatohepatitis barely affects the core clock mechanism but leads to a reprogramming of circadian gene expression in the liver in analogy to what is observed in other experimental disease paradigms. We further identify KLF10 as a component of this transcriptional reprogramming and a novel hepato-protective factor.
Stress and behavioral correlates in the head-fixed method: stress measurements, habituation dynamics, locomotion, and motor-skill learning in mice
Authors: Juczewski Konrad , Koussa Jonathan A. , Kesner Andrew J. , Lee Jeong O. , Lovinger David M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractManual restriction of head movement, or head-fixation, of awake rodents allows for sophisticated investigation of neural circuits in vivo, that would otherwise be impossible in completely freely moving animals. While it is known that head-fixation induces stress, the scale of this stress and habituation dynamics remain unclear. We used the Mobile HomeCage system (Neurotar Ltd, Finland) where animals have their heads fixed to an aluminum frame but are otherwise freely moving in an ultralight carbon container floating above an air-dispensing base. For 25 consecutive days, mice were head-fixed while standing on the air-lifted platform for 2 h per day and blood samples were taken periodically to measure variation in the stress-related hormone, corticosterone. We showed that the initial increase in corticosterone concentration is followed by a return to control level throughout the days of head-fixed training. We also found a locomotor correlate of this drop. We conducted a battery of stress-sensitive behavioral paradigms in freely-moving mice that revealed minor differences following chronic head-fixation. Finally, we analyzed motor-skill learning in the head-fixed setup with a floating container. We believe that our results may contribute to better interpretation of past literature and future in vivo experiments using head-fixed animals.
Identification of sequence polymorphisms at 58 STRs and 94 iiSNPs in a Tibetan population using massively parallel sequencing
Authors: Peng Dan , Zhang Yinming , Ren Han , Li Haixia , Li Ran , Shen Xuefeng , Wang Nana , Huang Erwen , Wu Riga , Sun Hongyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMassively parallel sequencing (MPS) has rapidly become a promising method for forensic DNA typing, due to its ability to detect a large number of markers and samples simultaneously in a single reaction, and sequence information can be obtained directly. In the present study, two kinds of forensic genetic markers, short tandem repeat (STR) and identity-informative single nucleotide polymorphism (iiSNP) were analyzed simultaneously using ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep Kit, a commercially available kit on MPS platform. A total of 152 DNA markers, including 27 autosomal STR (A-STR) loci, 24 Y chromosomal STR (Y-STR) loci, 7 X chromosomal STR (X-STR) loci and 94 iiSNP loci were genotyped for 107 Tibetan individuals (53 males and 54 females). Compared with length-based STR typing methods, 112 more A-STR alleles, 41 more Y-STR alleles, and 24 more X-STR alleles were observed at 17 A-STRs, 9 Y-STRs, and 5 X-STRs using sequence-based approaches. Thirty-nine novel sequence variations were observed at 20 STR loci. When the flanking regions were also analyzed in addition to target SNPs at the 94 iiSNPs, 38 more alleles were identified. Our study provided an adequate genotype and frequencies data of the two types of genetic markers for forensic practice. Moreover, we also proved that this panel is highly polymorphic and informative in Tibetan population, and should be efficient in forensic kinship testing and personal identification cases.
Controlling a complex system near its critical point via temporal correlations
Authors: Chialvo Dante R. , Cannas Sergio A. , Grigera Tomás S. , Martin Daniel A. , Plenz Dietmar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany complex systems exhibit large fluctuations both across space and over time. These fluctuations have often been linked to the presence of some kind of critical phenomena, where it is well known that the emerging correlation functions in space and time are closely related to each other. Here we test whether the time correlation properties allow systems exhibiting a phase transition to self-tune to their critical point. We describe results in three models: the 2D Ising ferromagnetic model, the 3D Vicsek flocking model and a small-world neuronal network model. We demonstrate that feedback from the autocorrelation function of the order parameter fluctuations shifts the system towards its critical point. Our results rely on universal properties of critical systems and are expected to be relevant to a variety of other settings.
Coffinite formation from UO2+x
Authors: Szenknect Stéphanie , Alby Delhia , López García Marta , Wang Chenxu , Podor Renaud , Miserque Frédéric , Mesbah Adel , Duro Lara , Zetterström Evins Lena , Dacheux Nicolas , Bruno Jordi , Ewing Rodney C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMost of the highly radioactive spent nuclear fuel (SNF) around the world is destined for final disposal in deep-mined geological repositories. At the end of the fuel’s useful life in a reactor, about 96% of the SNF is still UO2. Thus, the behaviour of UO2 in SNF must be understood and evaluated under the weathering conditions of geologic disposal, which extend to periods of hundreds of thousands of years. There is ample evidence from nature that many uranium deposits have experienced conditions for which the formation of coffinite, USiO4, has been favoured over uraninite, UO2+x, during subsequent alteration events. Thus, coffinite is an important alteration product of the UO2 in SNF. Here, we present the first evidence of the formation of coffinite on the surface of UO2 at the time scale of laboratory experiments in a solution saturated with respect to amorphous silica at pH = 9, room temperature and under anoxic conditions.
Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in paddy fields of Fujian province, China
Authors: Kang Zhiming , Wang Songliang , Qin Junhao , Wu Renyue , Li Huashou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo analyze the concentration, spatial distribution patterns, and ecological risks of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Cu, Ni and Co), 272 topsoil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from paddy fields in Fujian province in July 2017. The results revealed that the mean concentration of all heavy metals exceeded the background values in Fujian province, with the mean concentration of Cd being 5.20 times higher than its background. However, these concentrations of heavy metals were lower than their corresponding national standards (GB 15618-1995). Spatially, for Cd, the high concentration areas were located mainly in southeast of Sanming city and northeast of Quanzhou city. For Pb and As, the places of highest concentration were mainly in southeast of Quanzhou city and Zhangzhou city, and the main areas of high Ni concentration were distributed southeast of Nanping city. The geo-accumulation index ($${I}_{geo}$$Igeo) of Cd and As were indicative of moderate contaminations, and the index of Co, Cu and Cr suggested that these were practically uncontaminated. The nemerow integrated pollution index ($${P}_{n}$$Pn) showed that the entire study area was prone to a low level of pollution, but at the county level, Yongcun county and Zhaoan county are in an warning line area of pollution. According to the potential ecological risk ($$RI$$RI), the ecological risk belongs to the low risk of paddy fields in Fujian province. However, Cd should be given attention ($${E}_{r}$$Er = 25.09), as it contributed to the majority of potential ecological risks in Fujian province.
Mechanism for large-scale canyon deformations due to filling of large reservoir of hydropower project
Authors: Jiang Hui , Zhang Chu-Han , Zhou Yuan-De , Pan Jian-Wen , Wang Jin-Ting , Wu Ming-Xin , Fan Qi-Xiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLarge storage dam projects may modify geo-environmental conditions in many ways. The reservoir impoundment of the 285.5 m high Xiluodu arch dam located on the Jinsha River (China) caused large-scale canyon deformations, including significant canyon contraction and uplift movements from reservoir to downstream valley. The dam experienced subsequent tilting towards upstream and raised a safety concern of the project. A Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) mechanism is proposed for this extraordinary behavior. Due to reservoir impounding and seepage, significant temperature drops and fluid pressure increase within the underlying geothermal limestone aquifer in a synclinal basin are primary root causes. Finite element THM simulations successfully reproduce these unique deformations. Recent observations of large quantities of thermalized discharge water downstream and high pore pressure in the limestone layer provide further support for the proposed mechanism. Furthermore, refined numerical modeling is adopted to evaluate the safety of Xiluodu dam subjected to potential larger canyon contractions. We conclude that these unprecedented phenomena are dominantly the consequence of THM response to regional hydrogeological evolution following the build-up of a large reservoir. The accumulated canyon contractions at the current stage would not pose a direct threat to the dam safety, but a tripled situation may cause severe safety issues.
Domestication-driven changes in plant traits associated with changes in the assembly of the rhizosphere microbiota in tetraploid wheat
Authors: Spor Aymé , Roucou Agathe , Mounier Arnaud , Bru David , Breuil Marie-Christine , Fort Florian , Vile Denis , Roumet Pierre , Philippot Laurent , Violle Cyrille 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite the large morphological and physiological changes that plants have undergone through domestication, little is known about their impact on their microbiome. Here we characterized rhizospheric bacterial and fungal communities as well as the abundance of N-cycling microbial guilds across thirty-nine accessions of tetraploid wheat, Triticum turgidum, from four domestication groups ranging from the wild subspecies to the semi dwarf elite cultivars. We identified several microbial phylotypes displaying significant variation in their relative abundance depending on the wheat domestication group with a stronger impact of domestication on fungi. The relative abundance of potential fungal plant pathogens belonging to the Sordariomycetes class decreased in domesticated compared to wild emmer while the opposite was found for members of the Glomeromycetes, which are obligate plant symbionts. The depletion of nitrifiers and of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in elite wheat cultivars compared to primitive domesticated forms suggests that the Green Revolution has decreased the coupling between plant and rhizosphere microbes that are potentially important for plant nutrient availability. Both plant diameter and fine root percentage exhibited the highest number of associations with microbial taxa, highlighting their putative role in shaping the rhizosphere microbiota during domestication. Aside from domestication, significant variation of bacterial and fungal community composition was found among accessions within each domestication group. In particular, the relative abundances of Ophiostomataceae and of Rhizobiales were strongly dependent on the host accession, with heritability estimates of ~ 27% and ~ 25%, indicating that there might be room for genetic improvement via introgression of ancestral plant rhizosphere-beneficial microbe associations.
Investigating mass balance of Parvati glacier in Himalaya using satellite imagery based model
Authors: Tak Swati , Keshari Ashok K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAccurate assessment of glacier mass loss is essential for understanding the glacier sensitivity to climate change and the ramifications of glacier retreat or surge. The glacier melt affects the runoff and water availability, on which the drinking and irrigation water supplies and generation of hydroelectric energy depend upon. The excessive glacial retreat may cause flood, glacial lake outburst flood, avalanches and sea level rise which are likely to affect the lives and livelihood of the people and damage the infrastructure. Here, we present a remote sensing based modeling framework to improve the understanding of accumulation and ablation processes and to quantify the glacier mass balance using multispectral satellite imageries, as several glacierized regions of the world are still poorly monitored because the field measurements for continuous monitoring on a large scale or in a complex harsh terrain are costly, time consuming and difficult. The developed modeling framework has been applied to the Parvati glacier in the western Himalaya to investigate glaciological processes and estimate the surface mass loss using 19 years of satellite images from 1998 to 2016. It spreads over 425.318 km2 and more than 50% of the area is accumulation area. The study shows that the Parvati glacier is not in equilibrium and its behavioural response changes year to year characterized with high rate of mass loss. The value of accumulation area ratio varies between 0.33 and 0.70 with an average value of 0.55, indicating a negative mass loss. The mean specific mass loss is − 0.49 ± 0.11 m w.e. and the total mass loss is 3.95 Gt., indicating strong influence of climate change and effect on river flows and water availability.
Phytocytotoxicity of volatile constituents of essential oils from Sparattanthelium Mart. species (Hernandiaceae)
Authors: Dutra Quezia Pains , Christ Jheniffer Abeldt , Carrijo Tatiana Tavares , de Assis Alves Thayllon , de Assis Alves Thammyres , Mendes Luiza Alves , Praça-Fontes Milene Miranda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe intensive application of agrochemicals in crops has negatively impacted the environment and other organisms. The use of naturally occurring compounds may be an alternative to mitigate these effects. Plants are secondary metabolite reservoirs and may present allelopathic activity, which is potentially interesting to be used in bioherbicide formulations. In this context, the present work aimed to evaluate the phytotoxic and cytotoxic effects of essential oils extracted from leaves of Sparattanthelium botocudorum and Sparattanthelium tupiniquinorum in bioassays with the plant models Lactuca sativa L. and Sorghum bicolor L. Moench. The essential oils were applied at concentrations of 3,000, 1,500, 750, 375 and 187.5 ppm. Chemical characterization of the oils was performed, and their impact on the percentage of germinated seeds, initial development of L. sativa and S. bicolor seedlings, and changes in the mitotic cycle of meristematic cells from L. sativa roots was evaluated. The major compound of the essential oils was germacrene D, followed by bicyclogermacrene, β-elemene and germacrene A. The phytotoxicity assay showed that the essential oils of both species reduced the root and shoot growth in L. sativa and decreased the germination and shoot growth in S. bicolor. Inhibition was dependent on the tested oil concentration. In the cytotoxicity assay, a decrease in mitotic index and chromosomal and nuclear alterations were observed, which resulted from aneugenic and clastogenic action.
Helicobacter pylori infection, a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based cross-sectional study among dyspeptic patients in Douala-Cameroon
Authors: Kouitcheu Mabeku Laure Brigitte , Noundjeu Ngamga Michelle Larissa , Leundji Hubert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDiabetic mellitus patients are usually prone to chronic infections. However, there have been contradictory reports about the association between H. pylori infection and type II diabetes. The present study is aimed at evaluating the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among type 2 dyspeptic diabetic patients in the littoral region of Cameroon. This cross sectional study comprised 93 type 2 diabetic dyspeptic patients and 112 non-diabetic dyspeptic patients attending the Gastroenterology Department at two reference hospitals in Douala-Cameroon. The study was approved by the local Ethical Committee of Medical Sciences. Participants were screened for the presence of both type 2 diabetes and H. pylori infection. Body mass index (BMI) of all the participants was also recorded. Data was analyzed using SSPS statistical package. H. pylori infection was found in 73.11% of diabetic patients versus 58.05% in non-diabetic participants, this difference was found to be significant (OR = 1.472, p = 0.0279). This relationship persists even when adjusted to factors such as age and income level of participants. Infected participants from age group ≥ 55 years and those with high income were those with a higher risk to develop diabetes. Infected patients with high BMI were more prone to develops diabetic mellitus compared with infected patients with normal BMI (p = 0.0034). Also, participant with high BMI were more prone to develops diabetic mellitus whether they were infected or not. Patients having both H. pylori + ve and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 were significantly more affected by diabetic mellitus than those in the others combined groups (p < 0.0001), suggested that high BMI and H. pylori infection together or not are factors that favor diabetes mellitus development. Separately or not, H. pylori infection and high BMI were risk factor for diabetes mellitus in our milieu.