bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle Modification Leads to Spatially Variable Reduction in Hepatic Steatosis in Potential Living Liver Donors
Authors: Park Hyo Jung , Kim Kyoung Won , Kwon Jae Hyun , Lee Jeongjin , Park Taeyong , Kwon Heon‐Ju , Song Gi‐Won , Lee Sung‐Gyu 
Published: February 2020

The spatial variability of hepatic fat reduction in potential living liver donors with hepatic steatosis (HS) who undergo lifestyle modification has not been investigated. Here, we aimed to examine the intrasegmental and intersegmental variability of changes in liver attenuation on computed tomography (CT) in potential living liver donors with HS after diet modification and exercise. A total of 87 living liver donor candidates (30.5 ± 7.0 years; 74 males) with biopsy‐proven macrovesicular fat (MaF) ≥10% were included. All underwent diet modification and exercise to improve HS, baseline and follow‐up unenhanced CT scans, and liver biopsies. Attenuation and its variability (mean and standard deviation, respectively, in Hounsfield units) in segmental, lobar, superficial, deep, and whole areas of the liver were measured across 32 different regions of interest on both baseline and follow‐up CT. At baseline, the right lobe and superficial areas of liver showed significantly lower and more variable attenuation than left lobe and deep areas. Greater variability was noted in patients with more severe HS. Mean interval changes in liver attenuation and variability before and after diet modification and exercise were 13.7 (range, −10.6 to 46.2) and 4.7 (1.6‐10.6), respectively. The mean interval change in liver attenuation was significantly higher in the right lobe than in the left (14.7 versus 12.7; P < 0.001), and in superficial areas than in deep areas (14.0 versus 13.4; P = 0.02). Greater variability and larger interval changes in liver attenuation were noted in those who responded (≥20% decrease in MaF) to diet modification and exercise than in those who did not. In conclusion, potential living liver donors with HS show significant intrasegmental and intersegmental variability in hepatic fat reduction on CT before and after diet modification and exercise.
Interactive music for multisensory e‐commerce: The moderating role of online consumer involvement in experiential value, cognitive value, and purchase intention
Authors: Hwang Angel Hsing‐Chi , Oh Jeeyun , Scheinbaum Angeline Close 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground music adds a multisensory element to marketing and e‐commerce. Applying interactive sensory‐enabling technologies (SETs) to online shopping websites is an area of interest in sensory marketing. This research examines interactive background music in e‐commerce and investigates how online consumer involvement moderates the effects of interactive music. Single‐factor experiments with three conditions (interactive music, static background music, and control) were conducted to investigate its impact on experiential value, cognitive value, and purchase intention of high‐ and low‐involvement consumers among both students (Study 1, N = 251) and nonstudent samples (Study 2, N = 218). Different music genres were applied to stimuli of the two studies to demonstrate the generalizability of the findings. Results find that interactive music enhances the experiential value of e‐commerce for low‐involvement consumers. By contrast, high‐involvement consumers show greater purchase intention under the interactive music condition due to a heightened level of perceived cognitive value. Involvement is an effective predictor of elaboration and purchase intention under the interactive music condition, but not under the other two conditions. The contribution is twofold: (a) it shows the impact of music as an interactive SET and, (b) demonstrates the moderating role of consumer involvement in the context of multisensory integration in e‐commerce. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed along with limitations and directions for future research.
Improving modulation bandwidth and optical power of GaN‐based blue LED by hollow‐runway active area
Authors: Huang Hongyong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe demonstrate a higher‐bandwidth and optical power GaN‐based blue light‐emitting diode for visible‐light communication applications. By using a hollow‐runway active area and hollow‐runway current‐confined aperture structure, we obtain an electrical‐to‐optical (E‐O) 3 dB bandwidth (f−3 dB) significantly higher than that of a rectangle‐structure LED with the same epitaxial structure and area of active area. Meanwhile, its optical power can reach 48.65 mW, even higher than a rectangle‐structure LED (45.33 mW). Eight hollow‐runway LEDs connected in series are called hollow‐runway‐chip‐array LEDs (HRCA‐LEDs) and eight rectangle‐structure LEDs connected in series are called rectangle‐chip‐array LEDs (RCA‐LEDs), and they are fabricated into a new device on the same substrate. The f−3 dB and the optical power of the device are ~98.5 MHz and ~712.3 mW, respectively, at 50 mA. HRCA‐LEDs are used as communication module that can provide data transmission and lighting and RCA‐LEDs as a lighting module for enhancing the overall lighting capability of the device. Its luminous flux is 203.57 lm and efficacy is 87.00 lm/W at 50 mA.
A modified T‐type equivalent circuit model for stretchable microstrip line
Authors: Sang Lei , Dai Kehan , Xu Ji , Zhao Haojie , Zhang Jie , Huang Wen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWith the development of wearable devices, the conventional rigid material substrates have been unable to meet the needs of development. This article proposes a model based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stretchable microstrip line, which can be used to calculate the microwave performance when the microstrip line is stretched. The deformation results of the microstrip line are obtained by simulating the microstrip line under different stretching condition. A T‐type equivalent circuit model with novel formulas is established and the parameters R, L, C, and G of the equivalent circuit of the microstrip line are calculated by using the formulas. The S‐parameters of the microstrip transmission line can then be derived. Through the comparison of S parameters, it is found that the model calculation results have a good agreement with the simulation results.
Single‐shot EPI for ASL‐CMR
Authors: Javed Ahsan , Nayak Krishna S. 
Published: February 2020

PurposeTo evaluate single‐shot echo planar imaging (SS‐EPI), as an alternative to snapshot balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) imaging, for arterial‐spin‐labeled cardiac MR (ASL‐CMR). This study presents a practical implementation SS‐EPI tailored to the needs of ASL‐CMR at 3T and demonstrates sequential multi‐slice ASL with no increase in scan time.MethodsReduced field of view SS‐EPI was performed using a 2DRF pulse. A spin‐echo was used with crushers optimized to maximize blood suppression and minimize myocardial signal loss, based on experiments in 4 healthy volunteers. SS‐EPI was evaluated against the widely used bSSFP reference method in single‐slice ASL‐CMR in 4 healthy volunteers, during both systole and diastole. Sequential multi‐slice ASL‐CMR with SS‐EPI was demonstrated during diastole (3 slices: basal, mid, and apical short‐axis) and during systole (2 slices: mid and apical short‐axis), in 3 volunteers.ResultsGlobal myocardial perfusion for diastolic SS‐EPI (1.66 ± 0.73 mL/g/min) and systolic SS‐EPI (1.50 ± 0.36 mL/g/min) were found to be statistically equivalent (2 one‐sided test with a difference of 0.4 mL/g/min) to diastolic bSSFP (duration of 1 cardiac cycle, 1.60 ± 0.80 mL/g/min) with P‐values of 0.022 and 0.031, respectively. Global myocardial perfusion for sequential multi‐slice experiments was 1.64 ± 0.47, 1.34 ± 0.29, and 1.88 ± 0.58 for basal, mid, and apical SAX slices during diastole and was 1.61 ± 0.35, and 1.66 ± 0.49 for mid and apical slice during systole. These values are comparable to published ASL‐CMR and positron emission tomography studies.ConclusionSS‐EPI is a promising alternative to bSSFP imaging for ASL‐CMR and can potentially improve the spatial coverage of ASL‐CMR by 3‐fold during diastole and 2‐fold during systole, without increasing scan time.
Measuring diffusion exchange across the cell membrane with DEXSY (Diffusion Exchange Spectroscopy)
Authors: Breen‐Norris James O. , Siow Bernard , Walsh Claire , Hipwell Ben , Hill Ioana , Roberts Thomas , Hall Matt G. , Lythgoe Mark F. , Ianus Andrada , Alexander Daniel C. , Walker‐Samuel Simon 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionTo combine numerical simulations, in vitro and in vivo experiments to evaluate the feasibility of measuring diffusion exchange across the cell membrane with diffusion exchange spectroscopy (DEXSY).MethodsDEXSY acquisitions were simulated over a range of permeabilities in nerve tissue and yeast substrates. In vitro measurements were performed in a yeast substrate and in vivo measurements in mouse tumor xenograft models, all at 9.4 T.ResultsDiffusion exchange was observed in simulations over a physiologically relevant range of cell permeability values. In vitro and in vivo measures also provided evidence of diffusion exchange, which was quantified with the Diffusion Exchange Index (DEI).ConclusionsOur findings provide preliminary evidence that DEXSY can be used to make in vivo measurements of diffusion exchange and cell membrane permeability.
1H‐guided reconstruction of 19F gas MRI in COPD patients
Authors: Obert Arnd Jonathan , Gutberlet Marcel , Kern Agilo Luitger , Kaireit Till Frederik , Grimm Robert , Wacker Frank , Vogel‐Claussen Jens 
Published: February 2020

PurposeTo reduce acquisition time and improve image quality and robustness of ventilation assessment in a single breath‐hold using 1H‐guided reconstruction of fluorinated gas (19F) MRI.MethodsReconstructions constraining total variation in the image domain, L1 norm in the wavelet domain, and directional total variation between 19F and 1H images were compared in order to accelerate 19F ventilation imaging using retrospectively undersampled data from a healthy volunteer. Using the optimal constrained reconstruction in 8 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (16‐seconds breath‐hold), ventilation maps of various acceleration factors (2‐fold to 13‐fold) were compared with maps of the full data set using the Dice coefficient, difference in volume defect percentage and overlap percentage, as well as hyperpolarized 129Xe gas MRI.ResultsThe reconstruction constraining total variation and directional total variation simultaneously performed best in the healthy volunteer (RMS error = 0.07, structural similarity index = 0.77) for a measurement time of 2 seconds. Using the same reconstruction in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the Dice coefficient of defect volumes was 0.86 ± 0.05, the mean difference in volume defect percentage was −1.0 ± 1.7 percentage points, and the overlap percentage was 87% ± 2% for a measurement time of 6 seconds. Between volume defect percentage of 19F and 129Xe, a linear correlation (r = 0.75; P = .03) was found, with 19F volume defect percentage being significantly higher (mean difference = 11%; P = .04).Conclusion1H‐guided reconstruction of pulmonary 19F gas MRI enables reduction of acquisition time while maintaining image quality and robustness of functional parameters.
Lumbar intervertebral disc characterization through quantitative MRI analysis: An automatic voxel‐based relaxometry approach
Authors: Iriondo Claudia , Pedoia Valentina , Majumdar Sharmila 
Published: February 2020

PurposeTo develop an automated pipeline based on convolutional neural networks to segment lumbar intervertebral discs and characterize their biochemical composition using voxel‐based relaxometry, and establish local associations with clinical measures of disability, muscle changes, and other symptoms of lower back pain.MethodsThis work proposes a new methodology using MRI (n = 31, across the spectrum of disc degeneration) that combines deep learning–based segmentation, atlas‐based registration, and statistical parametric mapping for voxel‐based analysis of T1ρ and T2 relaxation time maps to characterize disc degeneration and its associated disability.ResultsAcross degenerative grades, the segmentation algorithm produced accurate, high‐confidence segmentations of the lumbar discs in two independent data sets. Manually and automatically extracted mean disc T1ρ and T2 relaxation times were in high agreement for all discs with minimal bias. On a voxel‐by‐voxel basis, imaging‐based degenerative grades were strongly negatively correlated with T1ρ and T2, particularly in the nucleus. Stratifying patients by disability grades revealed significant differences in the relaxation maps between minimal/moderate versus severe disability: The average T1ρ relaxation maps from the minimal/moderate disability group showed clear annulus nucleus distinction with a visible midline, whereas the severe disability group had lower average T1ρ values with a homogeneous distribution.ConclusionThis work presented a scalable pipeline for fast, automated assessment of disc relaxation times, and voxel‐based relaxometry that overcomes limitations of current region of interest–based analysis methods and may enable greater insights and associations between disc degeneration, disability, and lower back pain.
An extended finite volume method and fixed‐stress approach for modeling fluid injection–induced tensile opening in fractured reservoirs
Authors: Deb Rajdeep , Jenny Patrick 
Published: February 2020

SummaryFluid injection–induced tensile opening is modeled using an extended finite volume method (XFVM). An embedded fracture strategy is used for the flow problem, that is, the fractures are discretized using finite volume segments without resolving the grid around them. Further, the discontinuities across fractures are modeled using special basis functions. The fracture openings due to enhanced fluid pressure and the associated shear slip due to traction free boundary condition on the fracture segments are both modeled using these special discontinuity basis functions. Mass transfer between fractures and matrix is modeled using the pressure difference. The enhancement of fracture storativity due to tensile opening leads to stronger coupling between flow and mechanics. An iterative scheme relying on the fixed‐stress approach for fractures, which conserves the stress dependent terms over each iteration of the flow problem, has been introduced. Tensile opening has been simulated for single fractures embedded in two‐ and three‐dimensional matrices. The convergence criterion for sequentially implicit fixed‐stress scheme for fractures embedded in elastic media is established and has been validated numerically. Further, for 2D simulations, the effect of the matrix permeability for fracture propagation due to tensile opening has been studied.
Dissipative filter design for discrete‐time interval type‐2 fuzzy singular systems with mixed delays
Authors: Li Jiangrong , Zhang Huayang , Feng Zhiguang , Zhao Yuxin , Shi Juan 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn this article, the problem of delay‐dependent dissipative filter design is studied for discrete‐time interval type‐2 (IT‐2) fuzzy singular systems with both external disturbance and mixed delays. Two kinds of delays are considered, namely time‐varying discrete delays and infinite distributed delays. First, considering the uncertainties in the membership functions, the nonlinear singular system and the filter are modeled by the IT‐2 fuzzy systems. Then, based on new matrix inequalities dealing with the mixed delays, a new delay‐dependent criterion is proposed to ensure the IT‐2 fuzzy filtering error system is to be admissible with strictly dissipative performance. The filter parameters are characterised by the solution of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The feasibility of these results are verified by a numerical example.
Antidepressant Target Dose Optimization and Control of Severe Asthma Exacerbations in Uninsured and Underinsured Patients with Anxiety and/or Depression
Authors: Shoair Osama A. , Cook Elizabeth A. , Shipman Denver , Dunn Rebecca L. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are prevalent in patients with asthma. These disorders may increase asthma severity and decrease asthma control. No studies have evaluated the impact of achieving antidepressant target dose optimization compared with not achieving antidepressant target doses on asthma control in uninsured and underinsured patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of achieving antidepressant target dose optimization in uninsured and underinsured adult asthma patients with GAD and/or MDD on the risk of severe asthma exacerbations and number of asthma‐related outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of uninsured and underinsured adult asthma patients with GAD and/or MDD who have been initiated on a single antidepressant and maintained on a stable dose for 8 weeks (index date). Eligible patients were followed for 12–24 months after the index date and separated into those who achieved a target dose (target group) and those who did not (control group). Poisson regression was used to compare the risk of severe exacerbations, and analysis of covariance was used to compare the number of severe exacerbations and other asthma‐related outcomes between the target and control groups during the 1‐ and 2‐year post‐index periods.ResultsA total of 61 patients (24 in the target group and 37 in the control group) met inclusion criteria. The target group had a reduced risk of severe asthma exacerbations compared with the control group during the 1‐year post‐index (adjusted risk reduction [RR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.26–0.82) and 2‐year post‐index (adjusted RR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.82) periods. The target group also experienced a lower number of severe asthma exacerbations and other asthma‐related outcomes during the 1‐ and 2‐year post‐index periods compared with the control group after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsAmong uninsured and underinsured asthma patients with GAD and/or MDD who were initiated on a single antidepressant, those who were titrated to achieve target doses had a reduced risk of severe asthma exacerbations and a lower number of asthma‐related outcomes than those who were not optimized to achieve target doses.
Imipenem‐Cilastatin‐Relebactam: A Novel β‐Lactam–β‐Lactamase Inhibitor Combination for the Treatment of Multidrug‐Resistant Gram‐Negative Infections
Authors: Smith Jordan R. , Rybak Jeffrey M. , Claeys Kimberly C. 
Published: February 2020

Imipenem‐cilastatin‐relebactam (IMI‐REL) is a novel β‐lactam–β‐lactamase inhibitor combination recently approved for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) and complicated intraabdominal infections (cIAIs). Relebactam is a β‐lactamase inhibitor with the ability to inhibit a broad spectrum of β‐lactamases such as class A and class C β‐lactamases, including carbapenemases. The addition of relebactam to imipenem restores imipenem activity against several imipenem‐resistant bacteria, including Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Clinical data demonstrate that IMI‐REL is well tolerated and effective in the treatment of cUTIs and cIAIs due to imipenem‐resistant bacteria. In a phase III trial comparing IMI‐REL with imipenem plus colistin, favorable clinical response was achieved in 71% and 70% of patients, respectively. Available clinical and pharmacokinetic data support the approved dosage of a 30‐minute infusion of imipenem 500 mg–cilastatin 500 mg–relebactam 250 mg every 6 hours, along with dosage adjustments based on renal function. In this review, we describe the chemistry, mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and clinical efficacy, and safety and tolerability of this new agent. The approval of IMI‐REL represents another important step in the ongoing fight against multidrug‐resistant gram‐negative pathogens.
Evaluating the effectiveness of KooLKIDS: An interactive social emotional learning program for Australian primary school children
Authors: Carroll Annemaree , McCarthy Molly , Houghton Stephen , Sanders O'Connor Emma 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe effectiveness of universal social emotional learning (SEL) programs are dependent on the incorporation of best practice principles, including an evaluative component. In the present study, the effects of a best practice, teacher‐led SEL program was examined with 854 children aged 8–12 years. KooLKIDS uses an interactive multimedia format and animated character to help children develop their emotion regulation capacities, social and friendship skills, empathy and compassion for others, and self‐esteem. A quasi‐experimental waitlist‐control design was used to examine the impact of KooLKIDS on social and emotional competence, behavioral and emotional problems, academic achievement and effort. Hierarchical linear modeling demonstrated significant increases in social and emotional competence, and reductions in internalizing and externalizing problems in children post KooLKIDS program in the intervention group. The findings suggest that KooLKIDS has strong potential as a teacher‐led, classroom‐based, structured program for enhancing children's social and emotional learning.
Machine Learning in Mass Spectrometric Analysis of DIA Data
Authors: Xu Leon L. , Young Adamo , Zhou Audrina , Röst Hannes L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLiquid Chromatography coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) based methods are currently the top choice for high‐throughput, quantitative measurements of the proteome. While traditional proteomics LC‐MS/MS methods can suffer from issues such as low reproducibility and quantitative accuracy due to its stochastic nature, recent improvements in acquisition protocols have resulted in methods that can overcome these challenges. Data‐independent acquisition (DIA) is a novel mass spectrometric method that does so by using a deterministic acquisition strategy. These new approaches will allow researchers to apply MS on more complex samples, however, existing heuristic and expert‐knowledge based methods will struggle with keeping pace of the increasing complexity of the resulting data. Deep learning (DL) based methods have been shown to be more adept at handling large amounts of complex data than traditional methods in many other fields, such as computer vision and natural language processing. Proteomics is also entering a phase where the size and complexity of the data will require us to look towards scalable and data‐driven DL pipelines.