bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Evaluation and Molecular Biomarkers Identification of Firefighter Suffering Lung Cancer Via the TCGA Database
Authors: Bai Bin , Meng Qinghao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To evaluate the risk of firefighters suffering lung cancer after a long-term career and identify novel molecule biomarkers for evaluation, we tested the composition of flame-resistance door combustion byproducts. The results showed that the main component of combustion byproducts was PAHs and VOCs. The ceRNAs network showed that 26 mRNAs, 18 miRNAs, and 141 lncRNAs were involved in the lung cancer process. Most of the ceRNAs in our study could be affected by PAHs and VOCs. The Kaplan-Meier plots of differentially expressed RNAs in the ceRNA network showed that 3 mRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 13lncRNAs have a relationship with the survival time of lung cancer patients. We recommended that mRNA COL1A1, CCBN1, and PFKP; miRNA hsa-miR-143, hsa-miR-183, hsa-miR-144, hsa-miR-372 and hsa-miR-373; lncRNA UCA1, TTTY16, LSAMP-AS1, LINC00337 and LNX1-AS1 as a biomarker to evaluate the risk of a firefighter suffering lung cancer and other cancers.
Increased concentration of 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol in HDL from young anabolic androgenic steroid users
Authors: Souza Francis , Santos Marcelo , Fonseca Guilherme , Ferreira Guilherme , Negrão Carlos , Passarelli Marisa , Alves Maria Janieire 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:Oxysterols are cholesterol oxidative derivatives that play an important role in cell cholesterol homeostasis. However, HDL particles enriched with oxysterols, especially the 7-ketocholesterol, have lower ability to mediate cell cholesterol removal by the reverse cholesterol transport. Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) misuse is associated with diminished cholesterol efflux and increased atherogenesis in young men. Unknown is whether the concentration of oxysterols is altered in AAS users.Methods:In this subanalysis, we evaluated six AAS users (AASU) and 6 AAS nonusers (AASNU) involved in strength training, and 6 sedentary men (SC). Oxysterols were evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in HDL particles isolated by ultra centrifugation.Results:AASU presented higher levels of 7-ketocholesterol (104.1 ± 64.0 vs.43.7 ± 8.3 and 43.2 ± 9.1 ng/mg C; p < 0.05) and 7β-hydroxycholesterol (15.5 ± 5.6 vs. 10.1 ± 2.0 and 8.1 ± 1.0 ng/mg C; p < 0.05) in HDL compared to AASNU and SC, respectively. 7α-hydroxycholesterol (10.7 ± 4.2 vs. 8.0 ± 1.5 and 6.8 ± 2.2 ng/mg C; p = 0.089) and 27 hydroxycholesterol (25.6 ± 7.2 vs. 28.0 ± 7.0 and 21.8 ± 3.2 ng/mg C; p = 0.235) were similar among groups.Conclusion:This pilot study suggests that AAS abuse increases 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol in HDL that may be related to HDL impaired function and increased atherosclerotic coronary disease in young AAS users. The clinical implication of this finding should be considered in future, larger, long-term studies.Trial registration:This is a cross-sectional pilot observational study from a retrospectively registered study NCT03450837.
Paclitaxel-Loaded and Folic Acid Modified PLGA Nanomedicine with Glutathione-Response for the Treatment of Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhang Zhanxia , Yao Wang , Yao Jialiang , Qian Fangfang , Que Zujun , Yu Pan , Luo Tianle , Zheng Dan , Tian Jianhui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Targeted delivery and smart response of nanomedicine hold great promise to improve the therapeutic efficacy and alleviate the side effects of chemotherapy agents in cancer treatment. While a few research systems about organic nanomedicines with these properties have limited the development prospect of nanomedicines. In the present study, folic acid (FA) targeted delivery and GSH (glutathione) smart responsive nanomedicine was rationally designed for paclitaxel (PTX) delivery in the treatment of lung cancer. Compared with other stimuli responsive nanomedicines, this nano-carrier was not only sensitive to biologically relevant GSH for on demand drug release but also biodegradable into biocompatible by products after fulfilling its delivering task. The nanomedicine can firstly enter into tumor cells via FA and its receptor mediated endocytosis. After lysosomes escape, the PLGA (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanomedicine was triggered by the higher level of GSH and released its cargo in tumor microenvironment. In vitro and in vivo results revealed that the PLGA nanomedicine not only can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of lung cancer cells greatly, but also possesses less toxic side effects when compared with free PTX. Therefore, the proposed drug delivery system demonstrates the encouraging potential for multifunctional nano-platform applicable to enhance the bioavailability and reduce the side effects of chemotherapy agents.
Effects of Nutrition Education Supported by Mobile Application on Weight Loss and Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Peksever Doga , Seckiner Selda , Meseri Reci 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Obesity is a growing health problem which affects people from all age groups all over the world. Obese people do not feel motivated enough to change their lifestyle behaviors. Mobile applications can be used to motivate people.Objective To evaluate effect of nutrition education supported by MOtiVE mobile application on weight loss and quality of life (QoL).Methods In this randomized-controlled study, 79 overweight/obese adult patients who presented to University Hospital Outpatient Clinic between March-September 2018 to consult a dietitian were included. All the participants were provided a weight-loss diet program by the dietitian. Then, participants were randomized to experimental and control groups. During the first interview, all participants completed the questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were done. BMI, the scores obtained from different Quality of Life scales and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) were the dependent variables. The participants in the experimental group were provided with daily messages for 3 months via MOtiVE mobile application designed solely for this study. All the participants were asked to present three months later for a follow-up appointment. Using SPSS 25.0, change in BMI, QoL scores and other variables within both groups was assessed via Wilcoxon signed-rank test and McNemar chi-square test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Although 39 cases and 40 controls took the first test, 20 cases and 18 controls participants completed the study. The mean BMI decreased significantly in both groups being more predominant in cases as from 33.8 ± 6.0 kg/m2 to 32.8 ± 5.8 kg/m2(p = 0.001) in cases and from 33.3 ± 5.0 kg/m2 to 32.2 ± 4.7 kg/m2 (p = 0.006) in controls. Moreover, waist circumference decreased (p = 0.029), self-esteem (p = 0.035) and healthy eating scores (p = 0.007) increased only in cases significantly.Conclusions Nutrition education supported by MOtiVE mobile application improved anthropometric measurements, self-esteem, quality of life and healthy eating habits of the overweight/obese participants. Free mobile applications can be used in increasing motivation to adopt new behaviors in order to tackle obesity.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04026971
Measuring Hygiene Competence: A Vignette-Based Situational Judgement Test
Authors: Heininger Susanne Katharina , Baumgartner Maria , Zehner Fabian , Burgkart Rainer , Söllner Nina , Berberat Pascal O. , Gartmeier Martin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Since the onset of the Corona pandemic at the beginning of 2020, the extreme importance of hygiene has once again become very clear. In the medical context, it is not easy to find suitable test formats to assess the competencies involved in “working hygienically”. Pre-existing test formats usually use self-report questionnaires, which are suboptimal for this purpose. Methods: We designed a Situational Judgement Test (SJT) to assess hygiene competence. The SJT incorporates reliable measures and is a good predictor of job performance. The test consists of twenty pictures (items) presenting only one unambiguous hygiene lapse. Test respondents were asked (1) to note down whether they recognized a problem in the picture in respect of hygiene guidelines and (2), if yes, to describe the problem in a short verbal response. The sample comprised n = 149 health care professionals (79.1% female; age: M = 26.7 years, SD = 7.3 years) working as clinicians or nurses. The written responses were rated by two independent raters with high agreement (α > .80), indicating high reliability of the measurement. We then used Item Response Theory (IRT) for data analysis. Results: The reported IRT analyses show that the test is suitable to assess hygiene competence and that it is possible to distinguish between persons demonstrating different levels of ability for seventeen of the twenty items/pictures), expecially for the range of low to medium person abilities.Conclusions: The test in its present form can be used to assess the hygiene competence of medical students, medical doctors, nurses and trainee nurses in cross-sectional measurements. In order to broaden the difficulty spectrum of the current test, additional test items with higher difficulty should be developed. The Situational Judgement Test designed to assess hygiene competence can be helpful in testing and teaching the ability of working hygienically.
An Assessment of Serial Co-cultivation Approach for Generating Novel Zymomonas Mobilis Strains
Authors: Fuchino Katsuya , Bruheim Per 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThe alphaproteobacterium Zymomonas mobilis is an efficient ethanol producer.Utilizing its distinctive physiological features, Z. mobilis-based biorefinery shows a great potential for an industrial biofuel production at large scale.Serial co-cultivation based adaptation that promotes species-interaction has been an emerging approach to improve or rewire metabolic features in industrially useful microorganisms by inducing frequent mutations. We applied this method to assess if adaptation to long term co-culture improves or rewire the desirable physiological features of Z. mobilis.ResultsWe have performed serial co-culture of Z. mobilis mixed with the baker yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We observed filamentation of Z. mobilis cell in the co-culture, indicating that Z. mobilis cells were stressed due to the presence of competitor and that there appeared to be a selective pressure. After 50 times of serial transfers, we characterized the generated Z. mobilis strains. The analysis showed that long term co-culture did not drive significant changes in growth or excreted metabolites profile of generated strains. In line with this, whole genome sequencing of the generated Z. mobilis strains revealed only minor genetic variations from parental strain. The result indicates that co-culture method should be carefully optimized for Z. mobilis strain improvement.
Study of radiation damage with the radiation workers by low dose irradiation
Authors: Liu Gang , Li Ye 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective To explore the sensitivity index of radiation injury of radiation workers was analyzed and investigate whether the body changes and radiation doses of workers exposed to low-dose radiation have a dose-effect relationship. Methods The occupational health monitoring data of radiology staff were analyzed by retrospectively. Results Individual dose monitoring data, interventional radiology workers had the highest average cumulative annual dose, 0.86mSv. Lens opacity has a high detection rate, Compared with the control group, the lymphocyte count was increased. Annual cumulative dose reached 2.04 mSv, and single cycle average dose reached 1.62 mSv, dicentric chromosome was detected. Conclusions Radiation workers have certain radiation damage, and the focus is on those engaged in interventional radiology. The chromosome aberration rate was highest in people with more than 20 years of working life. Annual cumulative dose reached 2.04 mSv, and single cycle average dose reached 1.62 mSv, dicentric chromosome was detected, it suggests that the chromosome aberration analysis is an important index in occupational health monitoring of radiological workers.
Combat Process Simulation and Attrition Forecasting Based on System Dynamics and Multi-Agent Modeling
Authors: PENG BO , Liu Shuo , Xu Lei , He Zhen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To predict and analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of combat attrition.Methods: Construct a combat process simulation and combat attrition forecasting model using system dynamics methods and introduce macroscopic attrition data to the attrition forecast model by using agents to decompose the attrition data, assigning battle wound information according to specific ratios.Results: Using the attrition forecast model, based on system dynamics, the causal loop and stock-flow relationship of the combat operation process may be constructed by combining the specific combat mission with an analysis of the factors that influence the operation, such as the lethality of the weapons and the defensive capability of the two sides. The damage levels of the various targets on the two sides in combat are converted into attrition data. Based on these data, an agent modeling method is used to extract the macroscopic attrition data derived from the battle attrition forecast model. By constructing a correspondence between the combat target damage level and the various types of battle injuries, the injury to each casualty may be modeled and assigned a value in order to complete the mapping from attrition to injury.Conclusions: This work establishes an attrition forecasting model based on system dynamics and an agent-based simulation model for the occurrence of casualties. It can estimate the temporal and spatial distribution of attrition in combat.
Interleukin 17-Producing γδ T Cell Induced Demyelination of the Brain in Angiostrongylus Cantonensis Infection
Authors: Feng Ying , Zhou Zongpu , Zheng Cunjing , Feng Feng , Xie Fukang , Wu Zhongdao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection is a typical cause of eosinophilic encephalitis (EM), which has been reported to induce serious damage in the central nervous system. Both parasite and host factors contribute to the onset of EM, but the related immune-inflammation pathogenesis remains poorly characterised.Methods An A. cantonensis infection model was generated through infection of mice by gavage. Transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the pathologic changes in the brain. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors was tested using qRT-PCR. A combination of flow cytometry and western blotting was used to evaluate the alteration of leukocytes and related cytokines. A critical role of IL-17 was found by injecting IL-17A monoclonal antibody into naïve and A. cantonensis-infected mice.Results A. cantonensis larvae altered the immune homeostasis in the brain, leading to the destruction of myelin sheaths and activation of microglia. During this process, IL-17A accumulation was observed, and IL-17RA was expressed in oligodendrocytes and microglia during the infection. Notably, γδ T cells were the origin of IL-17A production induced by the parasite. After an IL-17A-neutralising antibody was applied, alterations in myelination and the state of the microglia were discovered; the neurobehavioral scores of the mice also improved.Conclusion Our study reveals a previously unrecognised impact of the IL-17+ γδ T cells in parasitic encephalopathy and emphasizes that blocking IL-17A signalling can attenuate microglial activation, thus reducing CNS demyelination and ameliorating the behavioural deficit in A. cantonensis-infected mice.
Assessing the play and learning environments of children under two years in peri-urban Lima, Peru: A formative research study
Authors: Rothstein Jessica D , Buckland Audrey J , Gagnier Kristin , Ochoa Mayra , Allen-Valley Aliya , Jivapong Belinda , Cabrera Lilia Z , Leontsini Elli , Fisher Kelly R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background During the first two years of life, children’s access to learning materials and opportunities for play, as mediated by the caregiver, are critical components of a developmentally supportive environment. While home-based interventions have potential for improving early child development (ECD) in low-resource settings, the design of locally acceptable strategies requires an understanding of the household context. In this exploratory study, we aimed to characterize the home learning environments of children 6–23 months of age in peri-urban Lima, Peru, with an emphasis on play and communication.Methods Drawing on the developmental niche framework, we used quantitative and qualitative methods to understand children’s physical and social settings, childcare practices, and caregiver perspectives. We conducted interviews, unstructured observations, and spot-checks with 30 randomly selected caregiver-child dyads, as well as key informant interviews with 12 daycare instructors. We analyzed data for key trends and themes using Stata and Atlas.ti, and employed an adapted version of the Indicator of Parent-Child Interaction to evaluate the video-recorded observations.Results Children’s social settings were characterized by multi-generational homes and the presence of siblings and cousins as play partners. Access to books and complex hand-eye coordination toys (e.g. puzzles, building blocks) in the home was limited. Caregivers generally demonstrated low or inconsistent levels of interaction with their children; they rarely communicated using descriptive language or introduced novel, stimulating activities while playing. While it was not common for caregiver to read or tell stories to children, singing to children was widely practiced and enjoyed. On average, caregivers ascribed a high learning value to electronic toys and “educational” TV programs, and perceived playing with everyday objects in the home as less beneficial.Conclusions The features of the home learning environment highlighted here indicate several opportunities for intervention development to improve ECD in peri-urban Peru. These include encouraging caregivers to communicate with children using full sentences in the context of their daily commitments and activities and enhancing the use of everyday objects as toys. In addition, there is great potential for a home-based intervention to leverage song and music to encourage positive caregiver-child interactions in this setting.
Deep Cardiovascular Disease Prediction with Risk Factors Powered Bi-Attention
Authors: Qiu Yanlong , Zhang Zhichang , Qin Xiaohui , Tao Shengxin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD), as a chronic disease, has been perplexing human beings and is one of the serious diseases endangering life and health. Therefore, using the electronic medical record information of patients to automatically predict CVD has important application value in intelligent auxiliary diagnosis and treatment, and is a hot issue in intelligent medical research. In recent years, attention mechanism has been successfully extended to various tasks of natural language processing. Typically, these methods use attention to focus on a small part of the context and summarize it with a fixed-size vector, coupling attention in time, and/or often forming a uni-directional attention. Methods In this paper, we propose a CVD risk factors powered bi-directional attention (RFPBiA) network, which is a multi-stage hierarchical process, representing information fusion at different granularity levels, and uses the bi-directional attention to obtain the text representation of risk factors without early aggregation. Results The experimental results show that the proposed method can obviously improve the performance of CVD prediction, and the F-score reaches 0.9424, which is better than the existing related methods. Conclusions We propose to extract the risk factors leading to CVD by using the existing mature entity recognition technology, which provides a new idea for disease prediction tasks. Moreover, the memory- less attention mechanism in both directions in our proposed prediction model of RFPBiA can fuse the character sequence and the risk factors contained in the electronic medical record text to predict CVD.
The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 in neonates and infants: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Allana Ahreen , Ali Sumera Aziz , Saleem Ali Faisal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Preliminary data on COVID-19 in the pediatric population has revealed that children account for a milder clinical course and better prognosis compared with adults. However, infants are at the greatest risk within this subset, with studies demonstrating the highest proportion of critical cases in this age group. The clinical spectrum of the disease in these children remains largely unexplored. Similarly, there is a dearth of research on the potential vertical/perinatal transmission of SARS-nCoV and the clinical outcomes of infants born to mothers who have been tested positive for the virus. In this review, we aim to summarize available literature on the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 in neonates and infants. Methodology This review will explore the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in infants tested positive for SARS-nCoV using RT-PCR assays as well as neonates born to mothers who were detected with the virus during pregnancy. We will conduct a comprehensive search of two large databases, i.e. PubMed and Google Scholar and shortlist published and unpublished (pre-proof and pre-proof accepted) articles in English between 1 st November 2019 and 15 th May 2020 that meet the eligibility criteria. Keeping in view the paucity of data on the study topic, we plan to include all relevant articles irrespective of study design. The findings will be synthesized narratively following an analytical interpretation to capture emerging themes. Discussion Through this systematic review, we hope to provide an evidence-based framework for pediatricians to incorporate into their practice while managing neonates and infants tested positive for COVID-19 or those born to mothers who tested positive for the disease. This will set the stage for prospective clinical research to address the questions that remain unanswered. More importantly, exploring disease pathogenesis and transmission in pediatric patients could provide practical insights to guide future therapeutic and preventative measures and, perhaps, vaccine development. Systematic review registration: This review has been submitted for registration with PROSPERO (acknowledgement of receipt -185333).