bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YEDİ ÜLKENİN COVID-19 TEST SAYILARI VE TEST YAPMA KONUSUNDAKİ YAKLAŞIMLARI
Authors: Usturalı Mut Ayşe Nur , Aydın Saliha , Baysan Caner , Büyükdemirci Erkan , Bekar Türker , Çöl Meltem 
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada Türkiye, İtalya, Birleşik Krallık, Almanya, Güney Kore, ABD ve İzlanda’nın SARS-CoV-2 test sayılarının ve stratejilerinin incelenmesi, bunun yanı sıra test sayısı ve stratejilerinin salgının seyrine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi ve bu yolla da test uygulamalarının salgın mücadelesindeki olası katkılarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yedi ülkenin gelişmişlik, eşitsizlik, gelir düzeyi, nüfus, sağlık harcaması, sağlık personeli sayısı, sağlık hizmetlerine erişime ilişkin verileri çeşitli veri tabanlarından elde edilmiştir. COVID-19 ile ilgili 15 günlük aralıklarla hesaplanan salgın istatistikleri, 1 Haziran 2020 itibariyle test sayısı, vaka ve ölüm sayılarını yansıtan değişkenler ve test stratejileri kullanılmıştır. Salgının 15., 30., 45. ve 60. günlerinde en fazla toplam vakaya sahip olan ülke Türkiye’dir. Milyon kişiye düşen test sayısı İzlanda’da 15, 30, 45 ve 60. günlerde diğer ülkelerden daha fazladır. Toplam test sayısı içindeki pozitiflik yüzdeleri bakımından Türkiye 15. ve 30. günlerde, İtalya ise 45. ve 60. günlerde birinci sıradadır. Vaka başına test sayısı 15. ve 30. günde Birleşik Krallık’ta, 45.günde Almanya’da, 60. günde ise Güney Kore’de en yüksektir. Güney Kore 1 vaka başına 80 test yapmıştır. Almanya’nın test kapsayıcılığı tüm bölgeler için geçerli olmasa da diğer ülkelerden daha geniştir. Milyon kişiye düşen toplam test sayısı açısından İzlanda, Birleşik Krallık ve İtalya; vaka başına test sayısı açısından ise Güney Kore, İzlanda ve Almanya daha olumlu bir tablo çizmektedir. Almanya, Birleşik Krallık ve Güney Kore risk gruplarını daha büyük oranda kapsayan test stratejilerini uygulamaktadır. COVID-19’la mücadelede testlerin erken dönemde ve geniş kapsamlı kullanımı başarıyı getiren en önemli faktörlerdendir. Tanı koyma kapasitesi salgın kontrolünün anahtarıdır.
Impact of COVID-19 Crisis on Exam Anxiety Levels among Bachelor Level University Students
Authors: Alsaady Isra , Gattan Hattan , Zawawi Ayat , Alghanmi Maimonah , Zakai Haytham 
Published: September 2020

COVID-19 crisis had a huge impact on education and academics. Besides, it might have generated public fear and worry. All these factors might affect students’ performance and wellbeing and might increase stress levels especially during exams. Therefore, this study will investigate the impact of COVID-19 crisis on student’s exam anxiety and its relationship with other factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted by distributing exam anxiety survey electronically to Saudi universities bachelor students, two hundred and seventy-two students have responded to the survey. The results have shown that both female and male student have high anxiety levels. And no significant correlation was found between any demographic data and anxiety level, except the gender, as female students have a higher anxiety level than male students. In conclusion, COVID-19 might had generated a high exam anxiety level, especially in female students. Therefore, facilitating initiatives might be considered to improve students’ performance during this crisis.
Os Invisíveis
Authors: Marques Fernando Lima Amaral , De Tommasi Livia 
Published: September 2020

RESUMO:
Esse texto se propõe abordar o papel da Colônia de Pescadores Z-17, denominada “Orlando Feliciano”. Através da metodologia de observação participante, análise documental e da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas, procuro compreender qual a importância dessa estrutura na defesa dos direitos e interesses da categoria de pescadores artesanais, levando em conta as especificidades derivadas de sua localização no município de São Bernardo do Campo, a relação com poder público e ressaltando sua atuação como vetor de mobilização social na comunidade local.
Palavras-chave: Colônia de pescadores; pesca artesanal; Represa Billings

ABSTRACT:
This text proposes to address the role of the Fishing Colony Z-17, denominated “Orlando Feliciano”. Through a methodology of participation observation, document analysis and semi-structured interviews, I aim to comprehend the importance of this structure in defense of the rights and interests of the artisanal fishermen category, taking in to account the specificities derived from its location in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, relationship with public authorities and highlighting its performance as a force for social mobilization in the local community.
Keywords: Fishing colony; artisanal fishing; Billings Dam
Diáspora africana no Brasil – A música negra como fruto de identidade
Authors: Da Silva Pamela Lacorte 
Published: September 2020

A presente pesquisa visa discutir e identificar, sob o contexto da diáspora africana, os elementos que se fortalecem por meio da música negra produzida no Brasil, focando nos blocos afro-baianos - no período do século XX adiante. Lida com a busca por um símbolo de resistência e autoestima para a história do povo negro, na medida em que a música negra dialoga com aspectos da negritude, da memória e da identidade de um povo e de sua ancestralidade.

The current research aims to discuss and investigate, in the context of the African diaspora, the elements that are fortified through the black music produced in Brazil, focusing the bahian afro blocos - mainly from 1970’s. The paper deals with the search for a symbol of resistance and self-esteem for the history of black people, with focus in how black music dialogues with aspects of blackness, memory and identity of a people and their ancestry.
Poder e Autonomia: As Assimetrias do Sistema Financeiro e Monetário Internacional
Authors: Carneiro Gabriel Santos 
Published: September 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo explicitar a natureza assimétrica das relações financeiras e monetárias entre os Estados desde 1945 até o presente. Destaca-se que as decisões tomadas acerca das questão financeiras internacionais foram marcadas pelo unilateralismo dos Estados Unidos, de forma que o poder, tratado em termos de autonomia, se mostrou fator decisivo e explicativo das mudanças financeiras internacionais. Assim, o sistema financeiro internacional é caracterizado por uma discrepante autonomia norte-americana em relação aos demais países, de maneira que esse sistema é moldado fundamentalmente a partir dos interesses dos Estados Unidos, enquanto que aos demais Estados restam as consequências, em larga medida desfavoráveis, das opções escolhidas. O artigo, com o objetivo de casar a teoria com a história, focará em dois eventos específicos: a crise da libra esterlina de 1947 e a crise da dívida dos países latino-americanos da década de 1980, buscando sempre mostrar como que as ações norte-americanas acabam por prejudicar e afetar negativamente os demais Estados que carecem de autonomia para resistirem às influências externas.
This article aims to explain the asymmetric nature of financial and monetary relations between States since 1945 until nowadays. It is highlighted that the decisions made on the international financial matters are characterized by the unilateralism of the United States, in a way that power, seen here as autonomy, has proven to be a decisive and explanatory element of the international financial changes. Thus, the international financial system is characterized by a discrepant North-American autonomy compared to other countries, so that this system is fundamentally forged under the interests of the United States, whereas the consequences from the chosen choices, which are mainly negative, are left for the other countries. The article, intending to match theory with history, will focus in two specific events: the 1947’s sterling crisis and the 1980s external debt crisis of the Latin-American countries, looking forward to demonstrate how the North-American actions impaired and undermined the other countries that lack autonomy to resist external influences.
Os Direitos autorais na era digital
Authors: Nogueira da Silva Giovanna , Fernandes Silva Isabella 
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os direitos autorais após a expansão da internet e as possíveis implicações dos artigos 11 e 13 da nova Diretriz de Direitos Autorais da União Europeia para a criação de conteúdo digital. Para isso, contextualiza-se a abordagem teórica dos direitos autorais, a popularização do YouTube, os aspectos da nova Diretriz de Direitos Autorais da União Europeia e os seus controversos artigos 11 e 13, analisando suas implicações para a criação de conteúdo digital e na plataforma do YouTube. Por fim, conclui-se que o prosseguimento da implementação de tais artigos no contexto europeu teria profundas consequências, tanto para a plataforma, quanto para os criadores de conteúdo e para a sociedade em geral, visto que representam uma contradição à liberdade de expressão, acesso à informação e cultura e ao desenvolvimento criativo.
Are small additions solved by direct retrieval from memory or automated counting procedures? A rejoinder to Chen and Campbell (2018)
Authors: Thevenot Catherine , Barrouillet Pierre 
Published: September 2020

AbstractContrary to the longstanding and consensual hypothesis that adults mainly solve small single-digit additions by directly retrieving their answer from long-term memory, it has been recently argued that adults could solve small additions through fast automated counting procedures. In a recent article, Chen and Campbell (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 25, 739–753, 2018) reviewed the main empirical evidence on which this alternative hypothesis is based, and concluded that there is no reason to jettison the retrieval hypothesis. In the present paper, we pinpoint the fact that Chen and Campbell reached some of their conclusions by excluding some of the problems that need to be considered for a proper argumentation against the automated counting procedure theory. We also explain why, contrary to Chen and Campbell’s assumption, the network interference model proposed by Campbell (Mathematical Cognition, 1, 121–164, 1995) cannot account for our data. Finally, we clarify a theoretical point of our model.
A Helium-flash-induced Mixing Event Can Explain the Lithium Abundances of Red Clump Stars
Authors: Schwab Josiah 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Observations demonstrate that the surface abundance of

in low-mass stars changes dramatically between the tip of the red giant branch and the red clump. This naturally suggests an association with the helium core flash, which occurs between these two stages. Using stellar evolution models and a simple, ad hoc mixing prescription, we demonstrate that the

enhancement can be explained by a brief chemical mixing event that occurs at the time of the first, strongest He subflash. The amount of

already present above the H-burning shell just before the flash, once it mixes into the cooler envelope and undergoes an electron capture converting it to

, is sufficient to explain the observed abundance at the red clump. We suggest that the excitation of internal gravity waves by the vigorous turbulent convection during the flash may provide a physical mechanism that can induce such mixing.
Retraction: Determinants of self-reported adherence to inhaler therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Aredano Ilaria , De Blasio Francesca , Berchialla Paola , Brussino Luisa , Bucca Caterina , Solidoro Paolo 
Published: September 2020

On behalf of the coauthors and with much regret, I must retract our publication entitled "Determinants of self-reported adherence to inhaler therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", published in Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine 2020;15:654 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/mrm.2020.654
The reason for the retraction is a complaint by MMAS Research LLC because of the breaching of the IRS Morisky Widget License.
Prof. Caterina BuccaRetired Professor of Respiratory MedicineDept. Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinItaly
Immediate Biochemical Changes After Gait Biofeedback in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Luc-Harkey Brittney A. , Franz Jason , Hackney Anthony C. , Blackburn J. Troy , Padua Darin A. , Schwartz Todd , Davis-Wilson Hope , Spang Jeffrey , Pietrosimone Brian 
Published: September 2020

Context
Gait biomechanics are linked to biochemical changes that contribute to the development of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It remains unknown if modifying peak loading during gait using real-time biofeedback will result in acute biochemical changes related to cartilage metabolism.

Objective
To determine if acutely manipulating peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during gait influences acute changes in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration (sCOMP) among individuals with ACLR.

Design
Crossover study.

Patients or Other Participants
Thirty individuals with unilateral ACLR participated (70% female, age = 20.43 ± 2.91 years old, body mass index = 24.42 ± 4.25, months post-ACLR = 47.83 ± 26.97). Additionally, we identified a subgroup of participants who demonstrated an increase in sCOMP after the control or natural loading condition (sCOMPCHANGE &gt; 0 ng/mL, n = 22, 70% female, age = 20.32 ± 3.00 years old, body mass index = 24.73 ± 4.33, months post-ACLR = 47.27 ± 29.32).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Serum was collected both prior to and immediately after each condition to determine sCOMPchange.

Intervention(s)
All participants attended 4 sessions that involved 20 minutes of walking on a force-measuring treadmill consisting of a control condition (natural loading) followed by random ordering of 3 loading conditions with real-time biofeedback: (1) symmetric vGRF between limbs, (2) a 5% increase in vGRF (high loading) and (3) a 5% decrease in vGRF (low loading). A general linear mixed model was used to determine differences in sCOMPCHANGE between altered loading conditions and the control group in the entire cohort and the subgroup.

Results
The sCOMPCHANGE was not different across loading conditions for the entire cohort (F3,29 = 1.34, P = .282). Within the subgroup, sCOMPCHANGE was less during high loading (1.95 ± 24.22 ng/mL, t21 = −3.53, P = .005) and symmetric loading (9.93 ± 21.45 ng/mL, t21 = −2.86, P = .025) compared with the control condition (25.79 ± 21.40 ng/mL).

Conclusions
Increasing peak vGRF during gait decreased sCOMP in individuals with ACLR who naturally demonstrated an increase in sCOMP after 20 minutes of walking.

Trial Registry
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03035994)
Exertional Heat-Stroke Management Practices and Intentions Among Secondary School Football Athletic Trainers
Authors: Nedimyer Aliza K. , Chandran Avinash , Hirschhorn Rebecca M. , Adams William M. , Pryor Riana R. , Casa Douglas J. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Kerr Zachary Y. 
Published: September 2020

Context
Athletic trainers (ATs) are educated and trained in appropriate exertional heat-stroke (EHS) management strategies, yet disparities may exist between intended and actual uses in clinical practice.

Objective
To examine the intended and actual uses of EHS management strategies among those who did and those who did not treat patients with suspected cases of EHS during the 2017 high school (HS) American football preseason.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Online questionnaire.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 1016 ATs who oversaw patient care during the 2017 HS American football preseason.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Responding HS ATs recorded whether they had or had not managed patients with suspected EHS events during the 2017 HS American football preseason. Those who had managed patients with suspected cases of EHS reported the management strategies used; those who had not managed such patients described their intended management strategies. For each management strategy, z tests compared the proportions of actual use among ATs who managed patients with suspected EHS with the proportions of intended use among ATs who did not manage such patients.

Results
Overall, 124 (12.2%) ATs treated patients with suspected EHS cases during the 2017 HS American football preseason. Generally, the proportions of intended use of management strategies among ATs who did not treat patients with suspected EHS were higher than the actual use of those strategies among ATs who did. For example, ATs who did treat patients with suspected EHS were more likely than those who did not treat such patients to intend to take rectal temperature (19.6% versus 3.2%, P &lt; .001) and immerse the athlete in ice water (90.1% versus 51.6%, P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Inconsistencies occurred between intended and actual use of EHS management strategies. The standard of care for managing patients with suspected cases of EHS was not consistently used in clinical practice, although ATs who did not treat EHS stated they intended to use these management strategies more frequently. Future researchers should identify factors that preclude ATs from using the standard of care when treating patients with suspected cases of EHS.
Gender Differences in Psychological Responses to Recovery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Before Return to Sport
Authors: Lisee Caroline Michele , DiSanti Justin S. , Chan Megan , Ling Jessica , Erickson Karl , Shingles Michael , Kuenze Christopher M. 
Published: September 2020

Context
Female patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) are less likely to return to sport than males. Psychological readiness predicts successful return to sport, but it is unclear if psychological experiences differ between males and females during recovery.

Objective
To explore gender differences in psychological readiness factors of return to sport after ACLR.

Design
Qualitative study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 12 male (months since surgery = 6.2 ± 1.2) and 13 female (months since surgery = 6.4 ± 1.3) high school athletes with a history of ACLR.

Data Collection and Analysis
Participants were interviewed before physician clearance to return to activity. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using deductive thematic coding of 5 themes identified from previous research (psychological distress, self-efficacy, locus of control, athletic identity, and fear of reinjury) and inductive secondary subthematic coding. Gender comparisons were generated within primary themes and secondary subthemes.

Results
All deductive themes were consistently reinforced. Male and female participants reported fear of movement, loss of athletic identity, and motivational mindsets for return to sport and self-improvement. Males reported a stronger sense of internal locus of control using positive internal reinforcement, whereas females described balancing internal and external control and valuing external support systems. Male participants described mood changes influenced by physical and social limitations. Female participants closely monitored their emotions throughout recovery and were influenced by rehabilitation fluctuations.

Conclusions
Male and female high school athletes described different psychological factors related to return to sport and locus of control as well as psychological distress. Gender-specific psychological interventions may be warranted to overcome psychological barriers after ACLR.
On Seemingly Unrelated Regression and Single Equation Estimators Under Heteroscedastic Error and Non-Gaussian Responses
Authors: Afolayan Rasaq B , Banjoko Alabi W , Garba Mohammad K , Yahya Waheed B 
Published: September 2020

This study investigated the efficiency of Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) estimator of Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) compared to robust MM-BISQ, M-Huber, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimators when the variances of the error terms are non-constant and the distribution of the response variables is not Gaussian. The finite properties and relative performance of these other estimators to OLS were examined under four forms of heteroscedasticity of the error terms, levels of Contemporaneous Correlation (Cc) with gamma responses. The efficiency of four estimation techniques for the SUR model was examined using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) criterion to determine the best estimator(s) under different conditions at various sample sizes. The simulation results revealed that the SUR estimator (FGLS) showed superior performance in the small sample situations when the contemporaneous correlation ( ) is almost perfect ( =0.95) with the gamma response model while MM-BISQ was the best under low contemporaneous correlation. The relative efficiencies of MM-BISQ, M-Huber and FGLS estimators over the OLS are respectively 89%, 71%, and 14% in a small sample 30) and 49%, 32% and 1% in large sample sizes under gamma response model. The study concluded that MM-BISQ and M-Huber estimators are the most efficient estimators for modeling systems of simultaneous equations with non-Gaussian responses under either homoscedastic or multiplicative heteroscedastic error terms irrespective of the sample size.Keywords—, Contemporaneous correlation, Feasible Generalized Least Square, Heteroscedasticity, Homoscedasticity, Seemingly unrelated Regression.
A Real Time Image Processing Bird Repellent System Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Arowolo Oluwole , Adekunle Adefemi A , Ade-Omowaye Joshua A 
Published: September 2020

Rice is one of the most consumed foods in Nigeria, therefore it’s production should be on the high as to meet the demand for it. Unfortunately, the quantity of rice produced is being affected by pests such as birds on fields and sometimes in storage. Due to the activities of birds, an effective repellent system is required on rice fields. The proposed effective repellent system is made up of hardware components which are the raspberry pi for image processing, the servo motors for rotation of camera for better field of view controlled by Arduino connected to the raspberry pi, a speaker for generating predator sounds to scare birds away and software component consisting of python and Open Cv library for bird feature identification. The model was trained separately using haar features, HOG (Histogram of Oriented Gradients) and LBP (Local Binary Patterns).Haar features resulted in the highest accuracy of 76% while HOG and LBP were, 27% and 72% respectively. Haar trained model was tested with two recorded real time videos with birds, the false positives were fairly low, about 41%. This haar feature trained model can distinguish between birds and other moving objects unlike a motion detection system which detects all moving objects. This proposed system can be improved to have a higher accuracy with a larger data set of positive and negative images. Keywords—Electronic pest repeller Haar cascade classifier, ultrasonic