bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Antibacterial and Antioxidant Food Packaging Film Based on Amphiphilic Polypeptides‐Resveratrol‐Chitosan
Authors: Zhang Yu , Song Wenliang , Mao Shina , Qian Yiduo , Gui Qiudi , Du Jianzhong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial and antioxidant packaging films play a crucial role in extending food shelf life, maintaining quality, and enhancing safety by inhibiting microbial growth and slowing oxidation processes. However, most commercial preservative films suffer from limited antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Moreover, these films are made from petroleum‐based materials that degrade into microplastics, resulting in environmental contamination and potential health risks for humans. Herein, an antibacterial and antioxidant food packaging film (CS‐SAP@R) is developed by integrating star‐shaped amphiphilic polypeptides (SAP) and resveratrol (R) into the chitosan (CS) matrix. The incorporation of SAP not only effectively addresses the existing compatibility issues between the highly hydrophobic resveratrol and water‐soluble CS film, but also significantly enhances the antimicrobial properties of CS. Additionally, the well‐integrated resveratrol molecules endow the film with superior antioxidant properties. Furthermore, CS‐SAP@R has achieved bacterial killing rates of 97.31% against E. coli and 99.05% against S. aureus. The enhanced characteristics of the CS‐SAP@R film contribute to its exceptional preservation performance, effectively extending the shelf life of perishable products by ≈3 days when stored at 4 °C. These remarkable attributes underscore the benefits of polypeptide‐based biopolymers and demonstrate the potential applicability of the CS‐SAP@R film in effectively safeguarding perishable products.
Core‐Shell Quantum Wires‐Supported Single‐Atom Fe Electrocatalysts for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Li Bolin , Deng Fulin , Wang Hanlu , Li Zesheng , Yan Fanfei , Yu Changlin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIt is of great significance for the development of hydrogen energy technology by exploring the new‐type and high‐efficiency electrocatalysts (such as single atom catalysts (SACs)) for water splitting. In this paper, by combining interface engineering and doping engineering, a unique single atom iron (Fe)‐doped carbon‐coated nickel sulfide (Ni3S2) quantum wires (Ni3S2@Fe‐SACs) is prepared as a high‐performance bi‐functional electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Theoretical calculation and experimental results show that the addition of atomic Fe species can effectively adjust the electronic structure of sulfide, the interfacial electron transfer modulates the d‐band center position, optimizing the transient state of the catalytic process and adsorption energy of hydrogen/oxygen intermediates, and greatly accelerates the kinetics of HER and OER. The results show that the Ni3S2@Fe‐SACs core‐shell quantum wires array exhibit overpotentials of 46 and 219 mV for HER and OER at 10 mA cm−2 in 1 m KOH, respectively. In addition, the two‐electrode electrolyzer assembled by the Ni3S2@Fe‐SACs requires a voltage as low as 1.465 V to achieve alkaline overall water splitting of 10 mA cm−2. This work holds great promise for the development of highly active and highly stable electrocatalysts for future hydrogen energy conversion applications.
Complementary Nucleobase‐Containing Double‐Network Elastomers with High Energy Dissipation and Room‐Temperature Fast Recovery
Authors: Zeng Fanxuan , Wu Jiang , Hua Zan , Liu Guangming 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElastomers have been widely employed in various industrial products such as tires, actuators, dampers, and sealants. While various methods have been developed to strengthen elastomers, achieving continuously high energy dissipation with fast room‐temperature recovery remains challenging, prompting the need for further structural optimization. Herein, high energy dissipated and fast recoverable double‐network (DN) elastomers are fabricated, in which the supramolecular polymers of complementary adenine and thymine serve as the first network and the covalently cross‐linked soft polymer as the second network. Both networks are efficiently prepared via photopolymerization. The resulting DN elastomer displays high energy dissipation and room temperature fast recovery, which can be attributed to the good independence of supramolecular and covalent networks. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the DN elastomer can be exploited as excellent cushioning materials under continuous impacts. This work presents a feasible avenue for fabricating DN elastomers with high energy dissipation and fast recovery based on the multiple hydrogen bonds of complementary nucleobases.
Emerging 2D Materials and Van der Waals Heterostructures for Advanced NIR, SWIR, and MWIR Emitters
Authors: Chen Po‐Liang , Ahmed Tanveer , Kuo Ching , Lu Chung‐Chun , Lien Der‐Hsien , Liu Chang‐Hua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInfrared (IR) emitters have drawn considerable attention for applications in deep‐tissue imaging, optical communication, and thermal sensing. While III‐V and II‐VI semiconductors are traditionally used in these emitters, their reliance on complex epitaxial growth to overcome lattice mismatch and thermal expansion challenges leads to intricate device structures and limits their integrability. In contrast, 2D materials provide a more flexible solution, offering diverse optical bandgaps and the ability to be vertically restacked in arbitrary crystal orientations to form complex van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures, which can be further integrated onto diverse device platforms. This review highlights recent advancements in 2D‐based IR emitters, focusing on the NIR, SWIR, and MWIR regions. It discusses the photoluminescence properties of 2D materials and innovative vdW engineering techniques used to develop IR light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). The review also explores how external stimuli, such as electric fields and strain, can enable tunable emission wavelengths and examines the integration of 2D‐based emitters with photonic structures, like cavities and waveguides, to create hybrid photonic devices. Finally, the review addresses the challenges and prospects of 2D‐based IR technologies, highlighting their potential to transform IR light sources across various applications.
Effect of graphene oxide on mechanical properties of epoxy matrix and its glass fiber composite
Authors: Liem Nguyen Thanh , Nhan Nguyen Thi Thanh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere has been much research investigating the mechanical properties of graphene oxide/epoxy (GO/EP) nanocomposites, but few examinations have used the GO‐modified matrix to prepare glass fiber composites or experimental studies more focused on the mechanical performance of finished composites without fully evaluating GO's effects upon matric phases. This research not only assesses the effect of GO on the mechanical performance of epoxy resin but also prepares the composite based on GO/EP and glass fiber to discover how GO affects the characteristics of this kind of composite. EP was modified by a simple solution mixing at the different weight percentages (wt%) of GO, followed by a glass fiber composite fabrication process. Tests showed that adding GO improved the impact strength, fracture toughness as well as thermal stability of the epoxy matrix. The Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra proved that there was a low‐frequency shift of the ─OH band in modified epoxy showing an interaction of epoxy and GO. The X‐ray analysis also confirmed that GO also fully exfoliated in the matrix. The modification of epoxy resulted in an improvement in the impact and the tensile strength of composites, and that was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique.
Bile acids: Can the position of hydroxyl substitution influence antidiabetic potency?
Authors: Wang Yinan , Yin Rui , Jia Liwei , Tian Yuan , Meng Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNumerous analogous compounds exist in natural products, exhibiting subtle structural variations that nonetheless result in distinct biological activities. Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), and deoxycholic acid (DCA) are analogues belonging to the steroids, and related studies have demonstrated that all three possess antidiabetic effects in reducing hyperglycemia. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with high morbidity and mortality in recent years. A thorough exploration of the mechanisms underlying compounds with potential antidiabetic properties serves as an essential prerequisite for subsequent research endeavors. However, the mechanism of action regarding them has not been fully verified, and the present study identified one of the antidiabetic mechanisms of action of bile acid analogs at the protein and molecular levels. The results suggested that structural differences due to differences in the position of the hydroxyl substituent alter the antidiabetic capacity. The application of machine learning methods for pharmacokinetic prediction contributes to a better understanding of the nature and in vivo behavior of bile acid analogs. This study endeavors to establish a basic reference and experimental foundation to contribute to the ongoing exploration of the potential role of bile acid compounds in antidiabetic mechanisms.
Chemical diversity and biological activities of secondary metabolites produced by Pleosporales sp.
Authors: Samy Mamdouh Nabil 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFungi are one of the richest sources of bioactive metabolites, which can be used to produce innovative therapeutic agents. Pleosporales sp. including epiphytic, endophytic, or parasitic species can yield diverse secondary metabolites widely spread throughout many ecosystems. These metabolites are classified into polyketides, alkaloids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, steroids, and others depending on their unique structural characteristics. Secondary metabolites produced by Pleosporales sp. displayed outstanding biological activities such as cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti‐inflammatory properties. The goal of this review was to compile the most recent, comprehensive literature data on the secondary metabolite classes of Pleosporales sp., backed by its various bioactivity data, as a scientific record for the upcoming drug discovery endeavors.
Development of an electrochemical sensor based on the combination of copper‐based metal‐organic framework and gold particles for glyphosate detection in water
Authors: Luyen Bui Thi , Nga Dau Thi Ngoc , Yen Pham Thi Hai , Ngan Nguyen ThiThanh , Tu Vu Cam , Phong Pham Hong , Thuong Nguyen Thi Kim , Ha Vu Thi Thu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work develops a sensing platform based on the combination of copper‐based metal‐organic framework with 1,3,5‐benzenetricarboxylic acid (CuBTC) and gold particles (AuPs), taking advantage of the materials’ properties, such as high porosity of CuBTC and high conductivity of AuPs and their synergistic effect. First, AuPs were electrodeposited onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), followed by the drop‐cast of CuBTC onto AuPs/GCE. The morphology and element presence of CuBTC/AuPs/GCE were examined by SEM and EDX. The bare and modified electrodes were tested by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The results demonstrate that CuBTC/AuPs/GCE improves the electron transfer and offers a more distinct current difference, approximately 1.8 times higher than CuBTC/GCE, making it more effective for glyphosate determination. The sensor shows good performance with high sensitivity of 1.1 109 µA mM cm−2 and low limit of detection of 44 pM, high selectivity, and good reproducibility with an RSD of 2.2%. Real samples before and after spiking were analyzed using sensors and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Both results aligned with each other with recoveries of 100% and 103% for sensors and MS/MS analysis, respectively. The developed sensors could be successfully applied for the analysis of glyphosate concentration in environmental samples.
§ 5 Nicht eigentumsfähige Güter
Authors: von Weschpfennig Armin 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDer verfassungsrechtliche Eigentumsschutz nach Art. 14 GG ist elementare Garantie freiheitlicher Entfaltung, ohne die ein selbstbestimmtes Leben kaum möglich wäre. Prägend für das verfassungsrechtliche Verständnis war das zivilrechtliche Sacheigentum, wie es das Bürgerliche Gesetzbuch regelt, auch wenn der Schutzgehalt des Art. 14 GG weit darüber hinausreicht. Die gesetzgeberische Entscheidung, Güter wie bestimmte Rohstoffe, Grundwasser oder herrenlose Dinge der Eigentumsordnung zu entziehen, scheint auf den ersten Blick gerade wegen der Eigentumsunfähigkeit Möglichkeiten der Freiheitsentfaltung einzuschränken. Oft handelt es sich aber um eine bewusste Entscheidung, um eine staatliche Steuerung der Nutzung solcher Güter zu ermöglichen, deren dauerhafte Verfügbarkeit zu gewährleisten sowie den privaten Zugriff zu fördern und damit insgesamt freiheitliche Entfaltung dauerhaft zu sichern. Der Ausschluss der Eigentumsfähigkeit bedarf hierfür eines gesetzlichen Surrogats, welches entsprechende Zuordnungen regelt und in dessen Rahmen häufig wieder eigentumsrechtliche Lösungen gewählt werden.
Reactive power redispatch at the TSO-DSO interface: analysis of the challenges and differences for processual integration
Authors: Belz Nadja Isabelle , Schlegel Steffen , Grünberg Jannes , Westermann Dirk 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe increasing challenge of maintaining voltage due to reduced reliable reactive power potentials in the transmission grid requires a fast and economically optimal consideration of reactive power in the congestion management processes of transmission system operators. Established processes such as the German Redispatch 2.0 process adjust the dispatch of plants to avoid congestion but do not make use of available reactive power potentials to avoid voltage-related congestion. This work evaluates the suitability of existing processes for application to reactive power. Using a realistic distribution grid, the procedural Redispatch 2.0 specifications for clustering reactive power are applied. It can be shown that the determination of reliable reactive power capability is associated with more dependencies and influencing factors than with active power. This leads to the need for a separate cluster concept and, due to the operating point dependency, for a procedure coordinated with the grid situation.
Values-based food systems: the role of local food partnerships in England
Authors: Jackson Peter , Yap Christopher , Parsons Kelly , Treuherz Selina , Roberts Gareth 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper outlines the concept of values-based food systems building on the related idea of values-based food chains (VBFCs), terms which are definitionally diffuse but which cohere around a common commitment to environmental sustainability and social justice. The paper examines the development of four multi-stakeholder local food partnerships in Birmingham, Bristol, Rotherham and Sheffield—and the national Sustainable Food Places network to which they are affiliated. Based on our collaborative research with these organizations and a review of their public statements, the paper identifies the values that guide their work. The paper then draws on the evidence of a series of workshops which revealed some of the challenges the partnerships face as they seek to put their values into practice, focusing on governance issues (and related funding challenges) and the implementation of equity, diversity and inclusion policies. Our findings show that the partnerships’ work is consistent with the concept of values-based food systems though they do not use the term themselves. Our research also shows the range of work being undertaken by these local food partnerships with much in common but also some significant divergence in their activities. The paper concludes with some reflections about scale and the differences between our English case studies and earlier work on VBFCs in the US.
Urban–Rural Disparities in the Transition to Parenthood During Times of Uncertainty: A Multilevel Perspective on Finland
Authors: Campisi Nicholas , Kulu Hill , Mikolai Júlia , Klüsener Sebastian , Myrskylä Mikko 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Over the last 15 years, many European countries have experienced fertility declines. Existing research on this shift in fertility behavior points to economic aspects and increased levels of uncertainty as important drivers. However, in this debate little attention has been paid to how the relevance of individual- and contextual-level dimensions for understanding the new fertility patterns varies by level of urbanization. This is surprising given that urban and rural areas not only differ strongly in fertility timing and levels, but also in economic conditions. Our paper fills this important research gap by analyzing rich register data from Finland using multi-level event history models to study the transition to first birth among younger (under age 30) and older (ages 30 or older) women. We show that urban–rural differences in the transition to parenthood are particularly pronounced among younger women. In addition, the results indicate that economic circumstances and related uncertainties are more relevant for understanding first births probabilities for younger women than older women. Finally, among younger women, the relevance of economic circumstances and related uncertainties seems to be most relevant in the capital region of Helsinki and urban areas compared to semiurban and rural areas. Our findings underline that the urban–rural dimension should receive more attention in research on fertility in times of uncertainty.
“I am not any Greater than you are” Cultivation of Humility in Higher Education through Mentoring
Authors: Kumar Anuradha Thittai , Prieto-Flores Òscar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the experiences of college-student mentors to gain a nuanced understanding of ‘humility’ in higher education (HE) and to illuminate how it operates within mentoring dyads. Seventeen mentors, comprising both undergraduate (9) and graduate (8) students, were interviewed in this exploratory qualitative research. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were employed as the primary method of data collection. The analysis followed a deductive approach guided by the HEXACO (Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness) personality framework. While the mentors’ narratives are situated within the Indian context, the study appraises implications for the broader landscape of HE. The investigation shows that mentors viewed humility as essential. They demonstrated it by reflecting on their own humility, adjusting their behavior to guide mentees toward program goals effectively, and navigating relationships in a socio-culturally humble manner. Additionally, humility was also found to be instrumental in resolving conflicts and enhancing the quality of mentorship. The study fills a critical gap in HE and mentoring literature and underscores the role of humility in fostering generativity and socially responsible leadership among college-student mentors. The outcome also encourages HE institutions to leverage mentoring programs to cultivate humility in their students, preparing them holistically for the professional world by integrating personal growth with technical expertise.
Ethnic diversity in SME business teams: generating employment growth through digitalisation, innovation, and exporting
Authors: Korosteleva Julia , Mickiewicz Tomasz , Parrilli Mario Davide 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how the ethnic composition of SMEs’ business teams, also in conjunction with their strategic behaviour (including digitalisation, innovation and exporting), affect their employment growth. The study conceptualises different forms and aspects of social capital to develop the theoretical framework and hypotheses. We utilise the UK Office for National Statistics’ Longitudinal Small Business Survey data for the period of 2018–2020 to test our hypotheses. Our study shows that ethnically diverse business teams achieve relatively higher employment growth as compared to more homogeneous teams. Moreover, ethnically diverse business teams that embrace innovation, international expansion, and digitalisation translate these strategies more effectively into increased employment compared to their more homogenous counterparts.
Butterfly Diagram and Other Properties of Plage Areas from Kodaikanal Ca ii K Photographs Covering 1904 – 2007
Authors: Jha Bibhuti Kumar , Chatzistergos Theodosios , Banerjee Dipankar , Ermolli Ilaria , Krivova Natalie A. , Solanki Sami K. , Priyadarshi Aditya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ca ii K observations of the Sun have a great potential for probing the Sun’s magnetism and activity, as well as for reconstructing solar irradiance. The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) in India, houses one of the most prominent Ca ii K archives, spanning from 1904 to 2007, obtained under the same experimental conditions over a century, a feat very few other sites have achieved. However, the KoSO Ca ii K archive suffers from several inconsistencies (e.g., missing/incorrect timestamps of observations and orientation of some images) which have limited the use of the archive. This study is a step towards bringing the KoSO archive to its full potential. We did this by developing an automatic method to orient the images more accurately than in previous studies. Furthermore, we included more data than in earlier studies (considering images that could not previously be analyzed by other techniques, as well as 2845 newly digitized images), while also accounting for mistakes in the observational date/time. These images were accurately processed to identify plage regions along with their locations, enabling us to construct the butterfly diagram of plage areas from the entire KoSO Ca ii K archive covering 1904 – 2007. Our butterfly diagram shows significantly fewer data gaps compared to earlier versions due to the larger set of data used in this study. Moreover, our butterfly diagram is consistent with Spörer’s law for sunspots, validating our automatic image orientation method. Additionally, we found that the mean latitude of plage areas calculated over the entire period is

$20.5\%\pm 2.0$

20.5
%
±
2.0

higher than that of sunspots, irrespective of the phase or the strength of the solar cycle. We also studied the north–south asymmetry showing that the northern hemisphere dominated plage areas during solar cycles 19 and 20, while the southern hemisphere dominated during Solar Cycles 21 – 23.
The critical need for an open medical imaging database in Japan: implications for global health and AI development
Authors: Ueda Daiju , Walston Shannon , Takita Hirotaka , Mitsuyama Yasuhito , Miki Yukio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractJapan leads OECD countries in medical imaging technology deployment but lacks open, large-scale medical imaging databases crucial for AI development. While Japan maintains extensive repositories, access restrictions limit their research utility, contrasting with open databases like the US Cancer Imaging Archive and UK Biobank. The 2018 Next Generation Medical Infrastructure Act attempted to address this through new data-sharing frameworks, but implementation has been limited by strict privacy regulations and institutional resistance. This data gap risks compromising AI system performance for Japanese patients and limits global medical AI advancement. The solution lies not in developing individual AI models, but in democratizing access to well-curated Japanese medical imaging data. By implementing privacy-preserving techniques and streamlining regulatory processes, Japan could enhance domestic healthcare outcomes while contributing to more robust global AI models, ultimately reclaiming its position as a leader in medical innovation.