bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apatite‐Binding Nanoparticulate Agonist of Hedgehog Signaling for Bone Repair
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Fan Jiabing , Lee Chung‐Sung , Kim Soyon , Chen Chen , Aghaloo Tara , Lee Min 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe hedgehog signaling pathway plays a critical role in bone development and regeneration. Applications of hedgehog morphogens or small molecular agonists are of interest in bone repair but constrained by low stability, high dose requirement, and nonspecific targeting in vivo. Herein, a nanoparticulate agonist as a new type of hedgehog signaling activator is developed for efficacious bone healing. The shell of nanoparticulate agonist consists of palmitic acid and oxysterol, which could modify hedgehog function and bind with the smoothened receptor to positively modulate hedgehog signaling. Meanwhile, the core is assembled with the sonic hedgehog gene/polyethyleneimine complex, which could synergistically enhance hedgehog signaling with oxysterol constituents. Moreover, alendronate is introduced into the nanoparticulate agonist to bind with hydroxyapatite for potential bone tissue targeting. Lastly, the nanoparticulate agonist surface is decorated with the guanidine group to overcome cell membrane barriers. The created multifunctional nanoparticulate agonist is successfully integrated onto apatite‐coated 3D scaffolds and demonstrates greatly improved osteogenesis in vitro and calvarial bone healing. This work suggests a novel biomaterial design to specifically promote hedgehog signaling for the treatment of bone defects.
Experimental Demonstration of an Extreme Subwavelength Nanomagnetic Acoustic Antenna Actuated by Spin–Orbit Torque from a Heavy Metal Nanostrip
Authors: Abeed Md Ahsanul , Bandyopadhyay Supriyo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA novel on‐chip extreme subwavelength “acoustic antenna” whose radiation efficiency is ≈50 times larger than the theoretical limit for a resonantly driven antenna is demonstrated. The antenna is composed of magnetostrictive nanomagnets deposited on a piezoelectric substrate. The nanomagnets are partially in contact with a heavy metal (Pt) nanostrip. Passage of alternating current through the nanostrip exerts alternating spin–orbit torque on the nanomagnets and periodically rotates their magnetizations. During the rotation, the magnetostrictive nanomagnets expand and contract, thereby setting up alternating tensile and compressive strain in the piezoelectric substrate underneath. This leads to the generation of a surface acoustic wave in the substrate and makes the nanomagnet assembly act as an acoustic antenna. The measured radiation efficiency of this acoustic antenna at the detected frequency is ≈1%, while the wavelength to antenna dimension ratio is ≈67:1. For a standard antenna driven at acoustic resonance, the efficiency would have been limited to ≈(1/67)2 = 0.02%. It became possible to beat that limit (by ≈50 times) via actuating the antenna not at acoustic resonance, but by using a completely different mechanism involving spin–orbit torque originating from the giant spin Hall effect in Pt.
Amorphous Ni–Fe–Mo Suboxides Coupled with Ni Network as Porous Nanoplate Array on Nickel Foam: A Highly Efficient and Durable Bifunctional Electrode for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Li Yong‐Ke , Zhang Geng , Lu Wang‐Ting , Cao Fei‐Fei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIt is a great challenge to fabricate electrode with simultaneous high activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, a high‐performance bifunctional electrode formed by vertically depositing a porous nanoplate array on the surface of nickel foam is provided, where the nanoplate is made up by the interconnection of trinary Ni–Fe–Mo suboxides and Ni nanoparticles. The amorphous Ni–Fe–Mo suboxide and its in situ transformed amorphous Ni–Fe–Mo (oxy)hydroxide acts as the main active species for HER and OER, respectively. The conductive network built by Ni nanoparticles provides rapid electron transfer to active sites. Moreover, the hydrophilic and aerophobic electrode surface together with the hierarchical pore structure facilitate mass transfer. The corresponding water electrolyzer demonstrates low cell voltage (1.50 V @ 10 mA cm−2 and 1.63 V @ 100 mA cm−2) with high durability at 500 mA cm−2 for at least 100 h in 1 m KOH.
Dialkylcarbamoyl chloride-coated versus alginate dressings after pilonidal sinus excision: a randomized clinical trial (SORKYSA study)
Authors: Romain B , Mielcarek M , Delhorme J B , Meyer N , Brigand C , Rohr S , Chilintseva N , Knepfler T , Manfredelli S , Simeu B , Tréchot B , Triki E , Valero E , Di Liberatore M , Gergeanu S , Ionescu R , Mihaescu G , Nicolae M , Patrice D , Zeca I , Barsotti P , Dan S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Disease of the pilonidal sinus is a common condition that affects mainly young adults. Options for management include excision of the sinus tracts, leaving the wound open to heal by secondary intention. The aim of this study was to compare wound healing with dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC)-coated dressings versus alginate dressings.

Methods
This multicentre trial randomized consecutive patients undergoing surgery for pilonidal disease to postoperative wound care with either DACC-coated or alginate dressings. The primary outcome was the proportion of wounds healed after 75 days. Secondary outcomes were the local status of wounds during the healing process, the quality assessment of the dressings by the patient, and the time needed to return to usual activities.

Results
A total of 246 patients were included: 120 in the DACC-coated group and 126 in the alginate group. In per-protocol analysis, there were significantly more patients with completely healed wounds after 75 days in the DACC group than in the alginate group: 78 of 103 (75·7 per cent) versus 58 of 97 (60 per cent) respectively (odds ratio 2·55, 95 per cent c.i. 1·12 to 5·92; P = 0·023). During follow-up, wounds with alginate dressings had more fibrin than those with DACC-coated dressings, but the difference was not significant (P = 0·079). There was no difference between the two arms in patients' assessment of the dressings.

Conclusion
The number of wounds completely healed at 75 days was significantly higher for DACC-coated compared with alginate dressings. However, the preplanned, clinically significant improvement in healing of 20 per cent was not reached. Registration number: NCT02011802 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/).
Impact of somatic mutations on prognosis in resected non‐small‐cell lung cancer: The Japan Molecular Epidemiology for lung cancer study
Authors: Tamiya Akihiro , Koh Yasuhiro , Isa Shun‐ichi , Kubo Akihito , Ando Masahiko , Saka Hideo , Yoshimoto Naoki , Takeo Sadanori , Adachi Hirofumi , Tagawa Tsutomu , Kawashima Osamu , Yamashita Motohiro , Kataoka Kazuhiko , Takenoyama Mitsuhiro , Takeuchi Yukiyasu , Watanabe Katsuya , Matsumura Akihide , Kawaguchi Tomoya 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo report the follow up data and clinical outcomes of the JME study (UMIN 000008177), a prospective, multicenter, molecular epidemiology examination of 876 surgically resected non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases, and the impact of somatic mutations (72 cancer‐associated genes) on recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).MethodsPatients were enrolled between July 2012 and December 2013, with follow up to 30th November 2017. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the impact of gene mutations on RFS and OS, considering sex, smoking history, age, stage, histology, EGFR, KRAS, TP53, and number of coexisting mutations.ResultsOf 876 patients, 172 had ≥2 somatic mutations. Median follow‐up was 48.4 months. On multivariate analysis, number of coexisting mutations (≥2 vs 0 or 1, HR = 2.012, 95% CI: 1.488‐2.695), age (≥70 vs <70 years, HR = 1.583, 95% CI: 1.229‐2.049), gender (male vs female, HR = 1.503, 95% CI: 1.045‐2.170) and pathological stage (II vs I, HR = 3.386, 95% CI: 2.447‐4.646; ≥III vs I, HR = 6.307, 95% CI: 4.680‐8.476) were significantly associated with RFS, while EGFR mutation (yes vs no, HR = 0.482, 95% CI: 0.309‐0.736), number of coexisting mutations (≥2 vs 0 or 1, HR = 1.695, 95% CI: 1.143‐2.467), age (≥70 vs <70 years, HR = 1.932, 95% CI: 1.385‐2.726), and pathological stage (II vs I, HR = 2.209, 95% CI: 1.431‐3.347; ≥III vs I, HR = 5.286, 95% CI: 3.682‐7.566) were also significant for OS.ConclusionA smaller number of coexisting mutations, earlier stage, and younger age were associated with longer RFS and OS, while EGFR mutations were significantly associated with improved OS.
From the Amelioration of a NADP+‐dependent Formate Dehydrogenase to the Discovery of a New Enzyme: Round Trip from Theory to Practice
Authors: Robescu Marina Simona , Rubini Rudy , Beneventi Elisa , Tavanti Michele , Lonigro Chiara , Zito Francesca , Filippini Francesco , Cendron Laura , Bergantino Elisabetta 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNADP+‐dependent formate dehydrogenases (FDHs) are biotechnologically relevant enzymes for cofactors regeneration in industrial processes employing redox biocatalysts. Their effective applicability is however hampered by the low cofactor and substrate affinities of the few enzymes described so far. After different efforts to ameliorate the previously studied GraFDH from the acidobacterium Granulicella mallensis MP5ACTX8, an enzyme having double (NAD+ and NADP+) cofactor specificity, we started over our search with the advantage of hindsight. We identified and characterized GraFDH2, a novel highly active FDH, which proved to be a good NAD+‐dependent catalyst. A rational engineering approach permitted to switch its cofactor specificity, producing an enzyme variant that displays a 10‐fold activity improvement over the wild‐type enzyme with NADP+. Such variant resulted to be one of the best performing enzyme among the NADP+‐dependent FDHs reported so far in terms of catalytic performance.
Enhanced performance of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: Point of view from an Asian country
Authors: Higuchi Kayoko , Urano Makoto , Nakaguro Masato 
Published: February 2020

In this issue of Cancer Cytopathology, Lee et al describe their experience with the Milan system in Singapore in a retrospective study over 10 years. Diagnosing lymphoid lesions and Warthin tumors is often a challenging issue in salivary gland fine needle aspiration cytology.
Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma: Cytomorphology and immunoprofile
Authors: Maleki Zahra , Muller Stephanie , Layfield Lester , Siddiqui Momin T. , Rekhtman Natasha , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundSclerosing pneumocytoma (SP) is a rare, benign pulmonary neoplasm. To the authors' knowledge, the current study is the first to evaluate the cytomorphology and immunoprofile of SP in a series.MethodsA total of 9 fine‐needle aspiration cases of SP (7 of which were computed tomography guided and 2 of which were endobronchial ultrasound guided) including histopathology and immunohistochemistry were collected from 5 institutions.ResultsThe female‐to‐male ratio was 3.5:1, and the mean age of the patients was 54 years (range, 27‐73 years). All cases presented as lung nodules, with a mean size of 2.2 cm (range, 1.1‐5 cm), and were interpreted as atypical on rapid on‐site evaluation. The final diagnoses were favor adenocarcinoma (1 case), well‐differentiated lung adenocarcinoma (2 cases), low‐grade epithelial neoplasm (2 cases), and sclerosing pneumocytoma (4 cases). Samples were moderately cellular, and consisted of round epithelioid cells with clear cell features, columnar cells, and spindle cells. A papillary arrangement with prominent hyalinized fibrovascular cores was the most common architectural pattern, followed by flat sheets and acinar formations. Tumor cells demonstrated mild, focally moderate nuclear pleomorphism with prominent nucleoli, hyperchromasia, nuclear elongation, nuclear overlap, and occasional nuclear inclusions and grooves. The background consisted of foamy macrophages (9 cases), hemosiderin pigment (6 cases), and lymphoid aggregates (3 cases) with no mitoses and/or necrosis. The surface cells and underlying round cells were positive for both thyroid transcription factor 1 and epithelial membrane antigen in all cases, which was the most notable immunohistochemical finding.ConclusionsCytomorphological findings of SP overlap with those of well‐differentiated lung adenocarcinoma. Awareness of these cytomorphologic findings and the distinct immunoprofile of the 2 cell types found in SP should prevent a misdiagnosis and aggressive treatment.
Whistle variation in Mediterranean common bottlenose dolphin: The role of geographical, anthropogenic, social, and behavioral factors
Authors: La Manna Gabriella , Rako‐Gospić Nikolina , Sarà Gianluca , Gatti Federica , Bonizzoni Silvia , Ceccherelli Giulia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe studies on the variation of acoustic communication in different species have provided insight that genetics, geographic isolation, and adaptation to ecological and social conditions play important roles in the variability of acoustic signals. The dolphin whistles are communication signals that can vary significantly among and within populations. Although it is known that they are influenced by different environmental and social variables, the factors influencing the variation between populations have received scant attention. In the present study, we investigated the factors associated with the acoustic variability in the whistles of common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), inhabiting two Mediterranean areas (Sardinia and Croatia). We explored which factors, among (a) geographical isolation of populations, (b) different environments in terms of noise and boat presence, and (c) social factors (including group size, behavior, and presence of calves), were associated with whistle characteristics. We first applied a principal component analysis to reduce the number of collinear whistle frequency and temporal characteristics and then generalized linear mixed models on the first two principal components. The study revealed that both geographic distance/isolation and local environment are associated with whistle variations between localities. The prominent differences in the acoustic environments between the two areas, which contributed to the acoustic variability in the first principal component (PC1), were found. The calf's presence and foraging and social behavior were also found to be associated with dolphin whistle variation. The second principal component (PC2) was associated only with locality and group size, showing that longer and more complex tonal sound may facilitate individual recognition and cohesion in social groups. Thus, both social and behavioral context influenced significantly the structure of whistles, and they should be considered when investigating acoustic variability among distant dolphin populations to avoid confounding factors.
Cascading effects of climate change on plankton community structure
Authors: Murphy Grace E. P. , Romanuk Tamara N. , Worm Boris 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPlankton communities account for at least half of global primary production and play a key role in the global carbon cycle. Warming and acidification may alter the interaction chains in these communities from the bottom and top of the food web. Yet, the relative importance of these potentially complex interactions has not yet been quantified. Here, we examine the isolated and combined effects of warming, acidification, and reductions in phytoplankton and predator abundances in a series of factorial experiments. We find that warming directly impacts the top of the food web, but that the intermediate trophic groups are more strongly influenced by indirect effects mediated by altered top‐down interactions. Direct manipulations of predator and phytoplankton abundance reveal similar strong top‐down interactions following top predator decline. A meta‐analysis of published experiments further supports the conclusion that warming has stronger direct impacts on the top and bottom of the food web rather than the intermediate trophic groups, with important differences between freshwater and marine plankton communities. Our results reveal that the trophic effect of warming cascading down from the top of the plankton food web is a powerful agent of global change.
Molecular and ecological plant defense responses along an elevational gradient in a boreal ecosystem
Authors: Benevenuto Rafael Fonseca , Seldal Tarald , Polashock James , Moe Stein R. , Rodriguez‐Saona Cesar , Gillespie Mark A. K. , Hegland Stein Joar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPlants have the capacity to alter their phenotype in response to environmental factors, such as herbivory, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. However, little is known on how plant responses to herbivory are modulated by environmental variation along ecological gradients. To investigate this question, we used bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) plants and an experimental treatment to induce plant defenses (i.e., application of methyl jasmonate; MeJA), to observe ecological responses and gene expression changes along an elevational gradient in a boreal system in western Norway. The gradient included optimal growing conditions for bilberry in this region (ca. 500 m a.s.l.), and the plant's range limits at high (ca. 900 m a.s.l.) and low (100 m a.s.l.) elevations. Across all altitudinal sites, MeJA‐treated plants allocated more resources to herbivory resistance while reducing growth and reproduction than control plants, but this response was more pronounced at the lowest elevation. High‐elevation plants growing under less herbivory pressure but more resource‐limiting conditions exhibited consistently high expression levels of defense genes in both MeJA‐treated and untreated plants at all times, suggesting a constant state of “alert.” These results suggest that plant defense responses at both the molecular and ecological levels are modulated by the combination of climate and herbivory pressure, such that plants under different environmental conditions differentially direct the resources available to specific antiherbivore strategies. Our findings are important for understanding the complex impact of future climate changes on plant–herbivore interactions, as this is a major driver of ecosystem functioning and biodiversity.
Experimental study of coalbed methane thermal recovery
Authors: Cao Yuanhao , Chen Wei , Yuan Yinnan , Wang Tengxi , Sun Jiafeng , Cai Yidong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractExtracting coalbed methane is challenging due to the strong gas adsorption capacity and low matrix permeability of the coalbed. Recently, thermal recovery methods have been tested to promote methane recovery. In this study, anthracite samples were heated to different temperatures to investigate the internal pressure variation and microstructure changes. It was found that higher temperature resulted in higher internal pressure. At low temperatures, the increase in the internal pressure was mainly due to gas desorption. At 500°C, thermal cracking gases provided the main contribution to the high internal pressures, as more gaseous products were generated at the higher temperature. In addition, the microstructure of coal significantly changed after combustion, including the increased pore volume, the increased specific surface area, and the generation of microfractures. These changes could potentially increase the porosity and permeability of coal. Thus, high‐temperature thermal treatments not only provided energy for gas desorption and organic matter decomposition but also improved conditions for gas transport.
Effect on amino acid and mineral content of the loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) by adding Fe (II) chelating hairtail protein hydrolysates (Fe (II)‐HPH) to the feed
Authors: Miao Jiayu , Lin Huimin , Zhang Shan , Huo Jiancong , Deng Shanggui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo study the effect on amino acid and mineral content of the loach meat by adding Fe (II) chelating hairtail protein hydrolysates (Fe (II)‐HPH) to the feed. A total of 100 healthy loaches were selected. After 1 week's adaptive feeding, they were randomly divided into five groups and fed with feeds containing of Fe (II)‐HPH (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 g/kg). On the 40th day, detection work of general nutrients (moisture, ash, crude protein, and crude fat), mineral elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Na, K, and Ca), amino acid and amino acid score (AAS), Chemical Score (CS) and essential amino acid index (EAAI) indexes were done. The results show that crude protein has the highest content while crude fat has the lowest when amount of added Fe (II)‐HPH in feed is 2 g/kg. The Fe content is significantly improved while amount of added is 1, 2, 4 g/kg. The Ca content is significantly improved and the Zn content is significantly improved while amount of added was 2 g/kg. Mn contents are significantly lower than control while amount of added is 4 g/kg. Based on analysis of amino acids in each group, the nutritional value of loach meat with 2 g/kg Fe (II)‐HPH addition amount is relatively high, total amount of essential amino acids increases significantly, and EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA improve significantly. In conclusion, adding 2 g/kg Fe (II)‐HPH to feed could improve the nutritional values of loach meat.
Survival analysis for long noncoding RNAs identifies TP53TG1 as an antioncogenic target for the breast cancer
Authors: Shao Mei , Ma Huali , Wan Xing , Liu Yuhai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBreast carcinoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed tumors and also one of the deadliest cancers in the female. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as novel targets and biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we aimed to study the lncRNAs associated with the outcomes in patients using the breast invasive carcinoma datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was fitted to each lncRNA. Hierarchy clustering was carried out using these survival‐related lncRNAs and the log‐rank test was carried out for the clustered groups. DNA methylation status was utilized to identify the lncRNAs regulated by epigenetics. Finally, the coexpressed messenger RNA with the potential lncRNAs were utilized to study the possible functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs. In total, 182 lncRNAs had an impact on the survival time of the patients with a cutoff <0.01. The patients were clustered into three groups using these survival‐related genes, which performed significantly different prognosis. Two lncRNAs, which were significantly correlated with the outcomes of breast cancer and were regulated by methylation status, were obtained. These two lncRNAs were TP53TG1 and RP5‐1061H20.4. We proposed that TP53TG1 was activated by the wild‐type TP53 and performed an impact on the PI3Ks family by binding YBX2 in breast cancer.