bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns and predictors of cancer‐related fatigue in ovarian and endometrial cancers: 1‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Poort Hanneke , de Rooij Belle H. , Uno Hajime , Weng Shicheng , Ezendam Nicole P. M. , van de Poll‐Franse Lonneke , Wright Alexi A. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundFatigue is a common and distressing symptom for patients with gynecologic cancers. Few studies have empirically examined whether it spontaneously resolves. This study was aimed at identifying longitudinal patterns of fatigue and predictors of clinically significant fatigue 1 year after treatment completion.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of women with newly diagnosed ovarian (n = 81) or endometrial cancer (n = 181) that did not progress or recur within 1 year of treatment completion. Symptoms of fatigue, depression, and anxiety were assessed after surgery and 6 and 12 months after treatment completion with the Fatigue Assessment Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Patients' fatigue scores over time were classified (scores of 22‐50, clinically significant; scores of 10‐21, not clinically significant). Logistic regression models were fit to examine associations between fatigue and patient characteristics.ResultsAmong 262 participants, 48% reported clinically significant fatigue after surgery. One year later, 39% reported fatigue. There were 6 patterns over time: always low (37%), always high (25%), high then resolves (18%), new onset (10%), fluctuating (6%), and incidental (5%). Patients with fatigue after surgery were more likely to report fatigue at 12 months in comparison with others (odds ratio [OR], 6.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.82‐13.11;P < .001). Patients with depressive symptoms also had higher odds of fatigue (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.08‐10.65;P = .039), although only one‐third of fatigued patients reported depressive symptoms.ConclusionNearly half of women with gynecologic cancers had clinically significant fatigue after surgery, whereas 44% and 39% had fatigue 6 months and 1 year later; this suggests that spontaneous regression of symptoms is relatively rare. Women who reported fatigue, depressive symptoms, or 2 or more medical comorbidities had higher odds of reporting fatigue 1 year later. Future studies should test scalable interventions to improve fatigue in women with gynecologic cancers.
Predicate logic reasoning for exploration coordination of multi‐robot systems in structured environments
Authors: Dai Xuefeng , Wang Jiazhi , Zhao Jianqi , Li Dahui , Yao Zhifeng 
Published: May 2020

SummaryTo improve time efficiency for structured environment exploration of multi‐robot systems, a novel coordinated strategy based on predicate logic reasoning is proposed in this paper. The strategy assigns the room with maximal utility to the robot with the optimal exploring property, and realizes cooperative exploration by considering the room capacity. A set of predicate logic reasoning formulas is established to implement the coordination. The coordination takes into account robot performance and environment property and is conducted in a distributed manner. In addition, to save computing and storage resources, a triple set named as task information was proposed instead of traditional unfinished job list for environment information sharing among robots. The results are validated by computer simulations for two simulated office like environments.
Analysis of Immunosuppressant Drugs in Whole Blood by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS)
Authors: Pablo Abed H. , Breaud Autumn R. , Clarke William 
Published: May 2020

AbstractImmunosuppressant medications help suppress the immune system response through inhibition of various checkpoints in the regulatory biochemical pathway. This is useful in prevention of organ rejection in transplantation or in the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. Quantification of immunosuppressive drugs in blood is needed clinically for optimization of treatment and to avoid toxicity or unwanted side effects. Here, we describe a quantitative method to determine the concentration of cyclosprine A, tacrolimus, sirolimus, and everolimus in whole blood. This method has been used for many years clinically to support patient care. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Quantitative analysis of paracetamol, metacetamol, and orthocetamol in equine urine from racehorses in Japan using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Ishii Hideaki , Obara Taku , Kusano Kanichi , Kijima‐Suda Isao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractParacetamol is commonly used as an over‐the‐counter analgesic and antipyretic medication for humans, but not sold as a legitimate therapeutic medication for horses in Japan. However, paracetamol is commonly found in horses together with its two isomers, metacetamol and orthocetamol. We previously reported that paracetamol and orthocetamol were both present in selected feed consumed by Japanese racehorses. For the purpose of the doping control of paracetamol in local Japanese horses, we proposed establishing residue limits (Japanese residue limits, JRLs) to minimize the risk of reporting paracetamol from environmental contributions and to differentiate its presence from active administration. Recently, we proposed a preliminary JRL for paracetamol in equine plasma based on a population study of more than 300 Japanese racehorses. In this paper, we will present our studies on the urinary concentrations of paracetamol, metacetamol, and orthocetamol in postrace samples collected from 403 Japanese racehorses over a 1 year period, detected using liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry. Our results revealed that the hydrolyzed urinary concentrations of paracetamol, metacetamol, and orthocetamol were in the range 15.7–2,360 ng/mL (median 363 ng/mL), 8.07–382 ng/mL (84.5 ng/mL), and 919–74,418 ng/mL (13,475 ng/mL), respectively. Based on our statistical model, the preliminary JRL of hydrolyzed paracetamol in equine urine was determined to be 7,400 ng/mL, at a risk factor of 1 in 10,000. Further investigations will be required to demonstrate the applicability and validity of our preliminary plasma and urine JRLs to local Japanese racehorses.
A proposal of a procedure to estimate a standard line for contactless estimation of a solar cell voltage in a module using modulated light
Authors: Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Kisu Shunsuke 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt is important to measure the operating voltage of a cell sealed in a photovoltaic module as well as well‐known faults such as abnormal hot spots observed by thermography or a dark part in electroluminescence distribution on the module for detecting a fault module. This paper proposes a method that radiating modulated light toward a cell and extracting the synchronized signal from the module output by phase detector can estimate the operating voltage quantitatively by using a standard line predicted by shading the module partially.
Methanol production by high‐temperature thermochemical cycle
Authors: Khalid Farrukh , Bicer Yusuf 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis paper explores an alternative method of ethanol production using a high‐temperature two‐step electrolytic cycle using carbon dioxide (CO2). The cycle comprises two steps namely; absorption step and electrolytic step. The proposed cycle uses CO2 and water as the feed stocks and produces methanol using electricity. The other chemicals in the cycles are recycled, which are used in the subsequent steps. To assess the performance, evaluation of the exergy and energy efficiencies of the complete cycle is done. Furthermore, the comparison with the traditional/conventional method of methanol production is also made by comparing various efficiencies. The simulation findings reveal the potential utilization of the proposed electrolytic methanol cycle, the exergy efficiency of 94.4% and the energy efficiency of 37.0% can be achieved. Furthermore, it is found that to produce 1 mole of methanol, ideally, 1.4 V of voltage is required by using the proposed cycle. In addition, a detailed parametric study is also conducted to observe the effects of significant parameters such as cycle temperature, supplied electricity, etc. on the cycle performance.
Anglers’ Views on Using Signs to Communicate Fish Consumption Advisories
Authors: Gray Kathleen M , LePrevost Catherine E , Cope W Gregory 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this case study was to examine signs as a means of communicating fish consumption advisory information to English- and Spanish-speaking anglers in North Carolina. This study involved a group of stakeholders, including representatives from local and state agencies, non-governmental organizations, and academia, as well as 38 anglers in focus group discussions to learn about their knowledge and beliefs in the context of fishing in polluted waterways, including what they knew about fish consumption advisories and their perceptions of prototype signs. Across groups, participants identified two confusing elements of signs: the allowable number of servings of fish under advisory and distinct consumption recommendations for different subgroups. They recommended streamlined messaging and the use of visuals, lay terms, and locally relevant languages as ways to improve prototype signs. Additionally, participants identified the state wildlife agency as a common source of information about fish safety, more so than signs. These results suggest opportunities for improved communication of advisories, especially to the most at-risk populations.
Effectiveness of current hygiene practices on minimization of Listeria monocytogenes in different mushroom production‐related environments
Authors: Pennone Vincenzo , Dygico Kenneth Lyonel , Coffey Aidan , Gahan Cormac G.M. , Grogan Helen , McAuliffe Olivia , Burgess Catherine M. , Jordan Kieran 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe commercial production of Agaricus bisporus is a three stage process: 1) production of compost, also called “substrate”; 2) production of casing soil; and 3) production of the mushrooms. Hygiene practices are undertaken at each stage: pasteurization of the substrate, hygiene practices applied during the production of casing soil, postharvest steam cookout, and disinfection at the mushroom production facilities. However, despite these measures, foodborne pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes, are reported in the mushroom production environment. In this work, the presence of L. monocytogenes was evaluated before and after the application of hygiene practices at each stage of mushroom production with swabs, samples of substrate, casing, and spent mushroom growing substrates.ResultsL. monocytogenes was not detected in any casing or substrate sample by enumeration according to BS EN ISO 11290‐2:1998. Analysis of the substrate showed that L. monocytogenes was absent in 10 Phase II samples following pasteurization, but was then present in 40% of 10 Phase III samples. At the casing production facility, 31% of 59 samples were positive. Hygiene improvements were applied, and after four sampling occasions, 22% of 37 samples were positive, but no statistically significant difference was observed (p > .05). At mushroom production facilities, the steam cookout process inactivated L. monocytogenes in the spent growth substrate, but 13% of 15 floor swabs at Company 1 and 19% of 16 floor swabs at Company 2, taken after disinfection, were positive.ConclusionThese results showed the possibility of L. monocytogenes recontamination of Phase III substrate, cross‐contamination at the casing production stage and possible survival after postharvest hygiene practices at the mushroom growing facilities. This information will support the development of targeted measures to minimize L. monocytogenes in the mushroom industry.
Mental stress and physical activity interact with the genetic risk scores of the genetic variants related to sweetness preference in high sucrose‐containing food and glucose tolerance
Authors: Park Sunmin , Liu Meiling , Song Mi Young 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe hypothesized that subjects with genetic variants that increase sweet taste preference would consume more sucrose‐containing foods and have altered energy and glucose metabolisms, which would have interactions with lifestyles. Korean genome and epidemiology study (KoGES) was conducted to determine genetic variants and lifestyles including nutrient intakes by the Korean Center for Disease and Control during 2004–2013. Subjects were 8,842 adults aged 40–69 years in Ansan/Ansung cohorts in Korea. The associations between genetic risk scores(GRS) selected for influencing higher sweet preference and energy and glucose metabolism were examined using logistic regression after adjusting for covariates. GRS included 8 SNPs, TAS1R2_rs61761364, SLC2A5_rs11121306, SLC2A7_ rs769902, SLC2A5_rs765618, TRPM5_rs1965606, TRPV1_rs224495, TRPV1_ rs8065080, and TRPV1_rs8078502. Sweet taste preference was higher by 1.30‐folds in high GRS than in low GRS (p < .0001). Consistent with sweet taste preference, carriers with high GRS had a higher intake of sucrose‐containing foods by 1.25 (1.08–1.46)‐fold than those with low GRS after adjusting age, gender, BMI, and energy intake. However, glucose intolerance risk was rather lower by 0.861 (0.76–0.98)‐fold in high GRS than low GRS (p < .05). GRS tended to interact with mental stress to affect sucrose intake (p = .048). Only in low mental stress levels, sucrose‐containing food intake was higher in high GRS than low GRS. There was an interaction of GRS with physical activity to influence glucose intolerance. Serum glucose concentrations were lower by 0.808‐folds in high GRS than low GRS only in a high physical activity state. In conclusion, adults with genetically high sweet taste preference had a positive association with high sucrose‐containing food intakes and improved glucose tolerance. The genetic impact on sweetness preference was associated with offset by high mental stress and lack of physical activity.
Effects of a low‐energy diet with and without oat bran and olive oil supplements on body mass index, blood pressure, and serum lipids in diabetic women: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: AlFaris Nora A. , Ba‐Jaber Adnan S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractType 2 diabetes is an epidemic public health issue worldwide. It is common among adults and is more severe among overweight and obese subjects. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a low‐energy diet with and without oat bran and olive oil supplements on body mass index, blood pressure, and serum lipids in women with diabetes. It was conducted for three months among 78 participants after dividing them into six groups. Groups 2 to 6 were received low‐energy diet (1,600 kcal/day), with or without oat bran (10 g/day) and olive oil (5 g/day) supplements. Weight, height, blood pressure, and serum lipids were measured. A low‐energy diet with and without oat bran and olive oil supplements lowers body mass index in subjects by 0.9%–6.0% on average. It also lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 1.0%–9.0% and 4.8%–12.6%, respectively. Serum triglycerides were declined in groups 2, 3, and 4 by 27.2%, 17.3%, and 1.7%, respectively, but not significantly. Total cholesterol was dropped significantly by 8.3% only when the low‐energy diet was used with oat bran supplement among obese subjects, while LDL cholesterol was dropped significantly by 20.0% only when it was used with oat bran and olive oil supplements among subjects with high serum triglycerides. Proper control of type 2 diabetes among overweight and obese adults is needed to control cardiovascular complications. This could be accomplished by following a low‐energy diet and incorporating healthy foods such as oat and olive oil into the usual diet.
Subsidiary upgrading and global value chain governance in the multinational enterprise
Authors: Ryan Paul , Buciuni Giulio , Giblin Majella , Andersson Ulf 
Published: May 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryUpgrading and governance in global value chains (GVCs) have been understood mainly through studying the buyer–supplier transaction, where the supplier is typically an independent contractor from a developing economy. Little is known about how subsidiaries of multinational enterprises (MNEs) can upgrade in a GVC, whose core activities are coordinated through the “hierarchy” governance model. Using an in‐depth longitudinal single case study in the medical devices industry, we explain how a subsidiary can accomplish upgrading in an intra‐MNE GVC and, over time, increase its control of this GVC reaching a joint coordinator role for its governance. Our findings show that partaking in innovation may not be the final stage of a subsidiary's upgrading but can represent the start of a new phase that culminates with joint coordination of the GVC.Managerial SummaryThe competitiveness of a global subsidiary is determined by its capacity to upgrade in a GVC and engage in higher value‐adding activities. Moving from production to innovation is generally viewed as the pinnacle for subsidiaries in the accomplishment of upgrading within a GVC, thereby ensuring long‐term survival. We show however that specializing in innovation is not the highest peak a subsidiary can reach. Innovation is in fact a necessary condition for a strategic role for the coordination of a GVC. A subsidiary's management team can deliberately strategize to ascend to such a position in the multi‐business MNE as a GVC joint coordinator for a product category. It can achieve this prominent position by leveraging its innovation capabilities to assume a greater proportion of control over the business's GVC governance. This position of greater prominence for the subsidiary within the MNE advances its internal advantage and strengthens its survival prospects.
Disordered directional brain network interactions during learning dynamics in schizophrenia revealed by multivariate autoregressive models
Authors: Baajour Shahira J. , Chowdury Asadur , Thomas Patricia , Rajan Usha , Khatib Dalal , Zajac‐Benitez Caroline , Falco Dimitri , Haddad Luay , Amirsadri Alireza , Bressler Steven , Stanley Jeffery A. , Diwadkar Vaibhav A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDirectional network interactions underpin normative brain function in key domains including associative learning. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is characterized by altered learning dynamics, yet dysfunctional directional functional connectivity (dFC) evoked during learning is rarely assessed. Here, nonlinear learning dynamics were induced using a paradigm alternating between conditions (Encoding and Retrieval). Evoked fMRI time series data were modeled using multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) models, to discover dysfunctional direction interactions between brain network constituents during learning stages (Early vs. Late), and conditions. A functionally derived subnetwork of coactivated (healthy controls [HC]∩SCZ] nodes was identified. MVAR models quantified directional interactions between pairs of nodes, and coefficients were evaluated for intergroup differences (HC ≠ SCZ). In exploratory analyses, we quantified statistical effects of neuroleptic dosage on performance and MVAR measures. During Early Encoding, SCZ showed reduced dFC within a frontal–hippocampal–fusiform network, though during Late Encoding reduced dFC was associated with pathwaystowardthe dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). During Early Retrieval, SCZ showed increased dFC in pathways to and from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, though during Late Retrieval, patients showed increased dFC in pathwaystowardthe dlPFC, but decreased dFC in pathwaysfromthe dlPFC. These discoveries constitute novel extensions of our understanding of task‐evoked dysconnection in schizophrenia and motivate understanding of thedirectionalaspect of the dysconnection in schizophrenia. Disordered directionality should be investigated using computational psychiatric approaches that complement the MVAR method used in our work.
Early effects of cigarette smoke extract on human oral keratinocytes and carcinogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Foki Elisabeth , Gangl Katharina , Kranebitter Veronika , Niederberger‐Leppin Verena , Eckl‐Dorna Julia , Wiebringhaus Robert , Thurnher Dietmar , Heiduschka Gregor 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundCigarette smoking is a major risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Still, the effect of cigarette smoke on the molecular level is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the early effects of cigarette smoke on carcinogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsHuman oral keratinocytes were exposed for 1 week to standardized cigarette smoke extract, and subsequently RT‐quantitative PCR array was performed. Protein expression of dysregulated genes was determined by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia, and tonsil mucosa.ResultsRT‐PCR revealed upregulation of ITGA‐2 and MMP‐1, whereas TEK receptor tyrosine kinase was downregulated in human oral keratinocytes. ITGA‐2 and MMP‐1 were significantly overexpressed in tissue samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison to normal mucosa (P <.01 in all experiments).ConclusionUpregulation of ITGA‐2 and MMP‐1 induced by cigarette smoke contributes significantly to oral carcinogenesis.
Olfactory and gustatory function impairment in COVID‐19 patients: Italian objective multicenter‐study
Authors: Vaira Luigi Angelo , Hopkins Claire , Salzano Giovanni , Petrocelli Marzia , Melis Andrea , Cucurullo Marco , Ferrari Mario , Gagliardini Laura , Pipolo Carlotta , Deiana Giovanna , Fiore Vito , De Vito Andrea , Turra Nicola , Canu Sara , Maglio Angelantonio , Serra Antonello , Bussu Francesco , Madeddu Giordano , Babudieri Sergio , Giuseppe Fois Alessandro , Pirina Pietro , Salzano Francesco A. , De Riu Pierluigi , Biglioli Federico , De Riu Giacomo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundObjective data on chemosensitive disorders during COVID‐19 are lacking in the Literature.MethodsMulticenter cohort study that involved four Italian hospitals. Three hundred and forty‐five COVID‐19 patients underwent objective chemosensitive evaluation.ResultsChemosensitive disorders self‐reported by 256 patients (74.2%) but the 30.1% of the 89 patients who did not report dysfunctions proved objectively hyposmic. Twenty‐five percentage of patients were seen serious long‐lasting complaints. All asymptomatic patients had a slight lowering of the olfactory threshold. No significant correlations were found between the presence and severity of chemosensitive disorders and the severity of the clinical course. On the contrary, there is a significant correlation between the duration of the olfactory and gustatory symptoms and the development of severe COVID‐19.ConclusionsPatients under‐report the frequency of chemosensitive disorders. Contrary to recent reports, such objective testing refutes the proposal that the presence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction may predict a milder course, but instead suggests that those with more severe disease neglect such symptoms in the setting of severe respiratory disease.