bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Risk Based on QR-GARCH-EVT Model
Authors: Duan Jun , Zhang Baoshuai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper described the volatility characteristic of the rate of return of financial asset by using QR-GARCH model, through introducing EVT model and constructing the extreme risk measure model based on QR-GARCH-EVT. In this paper, HS300 index data test was applied to show that under 5% significance level, and QR-GARCH-EVT model can effectively measure the risk value of the sample, but under 1% significance level. QR-GARCH-EVT model will underestimate the risk value of the sample to a certain degree, but generally speaking, compared with other models, the risk value measured by QR-GARCH-EVT model has a higher accuracy to enhance effectiveness.
A Comparative Study on the Dynamic Correlation Effect of Foreign and Domestic Gasoline and Diesel Price Fluctuations
Authors: Zhang Shuliang , Gao Xinwei , Koshi Earnest N. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper uses the law of one price (LOP) and the DCC-GARCH method based on ten-day price sequences. The findings indicate that, compared with the international refined oil markets with mature market-oriented pricing mechanisms, only in the Chinese market do gasoline and diesel prices meet the LOP. This finding shows that, in the context of the gradual integration of the global refined oil market, the international level of China's refined oil price is still quite low. The price reforms pertaining to China's refined oil products still need to be pushed forward in the direction of marketization and internationalization.
Enhancing the Utilization of Palm Leaf Hay Using Bacillus subtilis and Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the Diet of Lambs Under Desert Conditions
Authors: Hamdon Hatem A. , Kholif Ahmed E. , Mahmoud Gamal B. , Khalifa Ali M.A. , Ati Mohamed N.M. Abdel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The efficiency of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis and white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium on growth performance, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, meat composition and nutrient digestibility of lambs fed crushed whole palm leaf hay was investigated for 105 d. In Experiment 1 (Growth experiment), twenty-four lambs (29.5 ± 1.25 kg) were divided into four feed-based treatments: (1) concentrate and wheat straw ad libitum (control), (2) palm leaf hay (DPL), (3) palm leaf hay supplemented with 2 g of B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium (DPL2) or (4) palm leaf hay supplemented with 4 g of B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium (DPL4). In Experiment 2 (Digestibility experiment), twelve rams, three from each treatment, were used to study nutrient digestibility using the faecal bag technique. Results of the Experiment 1 showed that the DPL4 showed greater (P=0.049) live-weight gain than the control. The diets containing palm leaf hay showed lower (P=0.001) roughage and total feed intake and higher (P=0.001) feed efficiency than the control. Increased serum total protein, globulin, urea-N, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were observed with the DPL4 (P˂0.05). Additionally, diets containing palm leaf hay showed higher ALT levels than the control. The DPL4 increased the hot carcass weight (P=0.006) and dressing percentage (P=0.036), and the diets supplemented with B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium decreased (P˂0.05) the tail fat and all fat levels compared with the DPL treatment. Results of the Experiment 2 showed that nutrient digestibility was lower (P˂0.05) with the DPL and DPL2 than with the control and DPL4. Compared with the control, nutrient digestibility of DPL4 was not affected. It is concluded that replacement of wheat straw with palm leaf hay did not affect the feed utilization or animal performance of the lambs; however, supplementation with B. subtilis and P. chrysosporium at 4 g/lamb daily enhanced the growth performance, and carcass characteristics without any adverse effects on blood metabolites.
Pyometra does not affect some molecular quality-related parameters of canine oocytes
Authors: Pawlak Piotr , Warzych Ewelina , Madeja Zofia E. , Nowak Tomasz , Lechniak Dorota 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex (CEH/P) significantly perturbs the reproductive performance of affected bitches and ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is a commonly applied treatment. Thus the only way to take advantage of the genetic potential of valuable females is application of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) mainly in vitro embryo production (IVP) or in some exceptional cases animal cloning by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The aim of our study was to examine a potential effect of the CEH/P status on the quality of oocytes from females subjected to OHE. In total, 828 immature oocytes collected from ovaries of 33 bitches (21 control, 12 CEH/P) were subjected to genetic analyses (mRNA expression of two maternal-effect genes: GDF-9, OCT4 and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content). Oocytes of CEH/P females were characterized by a higher mtDNA content (471 696) than gametes of their healthy counterparts (368 175; P<0.005). Transcripts for the two genes were detected in all samples and the mRNA level was not affected by the CEH/P status. In conclusion, the CEH/P complex does not exert a negative effect on oocyte quality reflected by the two parameters examined in this study.
Investigations of the late Quaternary morphotectonic evolution of the Balkan Peninsula East Part
Authors: Tzankov Tzanko , Stankova Svetla , Iliev Rosen , Mitkov Ilia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The East Balkan Peninsula Area was a part from the Tethys Ocean until 72 000 000 years. The pre Maestrichtian geologic-tectonic pattern of cockle of the East Balkan Peninsula Area wasn’t built on the Europe Continental Massif. The modern East Balkan Peninsula Relief is forming during the Late Quaternary time. The East Balkan Peninsula Margin coincides with the border between the Bulgarian and Moesian Continental Microplates from the west and the Black Sea Oceanic Microplatte to the east. This border present the Neo Europe West Passive Continental Margin in the area of the last Tethys Oceanic Fragment – it Black Sea Oceanic Gulf.
Takotsubo Syndrome: Is This a Common Occurrence in Elderly Females after Hip Fracture?
Authors: Rostagno Carlo , Polidori Gianluca , Ceccofiglio Alice , Cartei Alessandro , Boccaccini Alberto , Peris Adriano , Rubbieri Gaia , Civinini Roberto , Innocenti Massimo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of Takotsubo syndrome in hip fracture is not known.

Methods
Hip fracture patients were evaluated in a multidisciplinary unit. Patients with ECG abnormalities and increased troponin I values at the time of hospital admission were included in the study Follow-up was clinical at 30 days and by telephonic interview at one year.

Results
Between October 1st 2011 to September 30th 2016, 51 of 1506 patients had preoperative evidence of myocardial damage. Eight, all females, fulfilled the Mayo criteria for Takotsubo syndrome, six had no coronary lesions. Hip surgery was uneventful, and all eight were alive at thirty days, and seven of these were still alive after one year. Forty-three patients had myocardial infarction: mortality at thirty days and one year were 11% and 44% (p<0.0001, Student’s t-test; log-rank test).

Conclusion
At least 15% of patients with hip fracture and preoperative myocardial damage had Takotsubo syndrome. They were all elderly females. Contrary to myocardial infarction, Takotsubo syndrome has a favourable long term prognosis.
Opioid Use Is Associated with ICU Delirium in Mechanically Ventilated Children
Authors: Gupta Neha , Woolley Allison , Talathi Saurabh , Davlyatov Ganisher , Colston Candice , Hayes Leslie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Pediatric delirium is a significant problem when encounterd in an intensive care unit (ICU). The pathophysiology of pediatric delirium is complex and the etiology is typically multifactorial. Even though various risk factors associated with pediatric delirium in a pediatric ICU have been identified, there is still a paucity of literature associated with the condition, especially in extremely critically ill children, sedated and mechanically ventilated.

Aim of the study
To identify factors associated with delirium in mechanically ventilated children in an ICU.

Material and Methods
This is a single-center study conducted at a tertiary care pediatric ICU. Patients admitted to the pediatric ICU requiring sedation and mechanical ventilation for >48 hours were included. Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium scale was used to screen patients with delirium. Baseline demographic and clinical factors as well as daily and cumulative doses of medications were compared between patients with and without delirium. Firth’s penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression was used on a priori set of variables to examine the association of potential factors with delirium. Two regression models were created to assess the effect of daily medication doses (Model 1) as well as cumulative medication doses (Model 2) of opioids and benzodiazepines.

Results
95 patient visits met the inclusion criteria. 19 patients (20%) were diagnosed with delirium. Older patients (>12 years) had higher odds of developing delirium. Every 1mg/kg/day increase in daily doses of opioids was associated with an increased risk of delirium (OR=1.977, p=0.017). Likewise, 1 mg/kg increase in the cumulative opioid dose was associated with a higher odds of developing delirium (OR=1.035, p=0.022). Duration of mechanical ventilation was associated with the development of delirium in Model 1 (p=0.007).

Conclusions
Age, daily and cumulative opioid dosage and the duration of mechanical ventilation are associated with the development of delirium in mechanically ventilated children.
Migrationsreduktion durch Entwicklungszusammenarbeit? Eine ökonomische Analyse am Beispiel Afrikas
Authors: Winter Jana Sievers und Simon 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The so-called “migration hump” describes the inverted U-shaped relationship between development and migration. In relatively poor countries, development leads to increasing migration, as the budget constraint of potential migrants loosens. By contrast, in relatively rich countries, this relationship is reversed because the incentive to migrate is negligibly small. We discuss the implications of this empirical finding for development cooperation with African countries and conclude that further development would rather increase than reduce migration. As a consequence, the capture of development policy by a restrictive migration policy is not expedient, as they follow different normative rationales, and hampers the effectiveness of development policy.
Challenging Youth Unemployment Through International Mobility
Authors: Nienaber Birte , Manafi Ioana , Vysotskaya Volha , Roman Monica , Marinescu Daniela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Youth unemployment is a challenge in many European countries – especially since the financial crises. Young people face difficulties in the transition from education into employment. This article focuses on young mobile Europeans from six countries (Germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, Norway, Romania and Spain). The research question is whether and to which extent international mobility has an impact on employability and therefore reduces youth unemployment. By using a cluster analysis of personal adaptability, social and human capital and career identity, the importance of mobility experiences for employability is analysed in a recent dataset of 5,272 young (formerly) mobile respondents. Youth mobility is established as a strong characteristic for the employability cluster. Mobility is however not the long-term aim of most of the mobile young people, since most of the mobiles choose to return to their home countries after one or more stays abroad.
The Relationship Between Sustainable Development Goals and Migration. An EU-28 Perspective
Authors: Prada Elena-Maria 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study approaches migration from the perspective of an effect of the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals. In order to analyse this relationship, several indicators used to measure the SDGs attainment level were employed. These indicators are also the ones related to migration. The results show that most indicators that are used to measure the achievement of SDGs have an impact on the migration flow. Consequently, GDP per capita and unemployment rate, as main indicators used to measure the Goal 8 (Sustainable economic growth, productive employment and decent work for all), have significant impact on migration, being main factors of immigration.
The main conclusion is that there is a bilateral relationship between migration and SDGs. Not only that migration can influence the achievement of sustainable development, but, at the same time, it is itself influenced by how well the Sustainable Development Goals are attained.
The Characteristics of Migrant Physicians from Romania
Authors: Apostu Simona-Andreea , Vasile Valentina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An important part of migration represents the brain drain, especially the migration of physicians. Romania has a health system in continuous reform, facing for over 3 decades a shortage of employees. Moreover, employed specialists and young physicians migrated, the health care system registering a medium efficiency. The number of migrant physicians from Romania followed an ascending trend, and this had negative consequences on Romanian population health. The main objective of this paper is identifying the profile and the dynamics of the migrant physician from Romania. Other objective is highlighting the Romanian counties where most physicians migrated from and the preferred destination countries.
How are European Migrants from the MENA Countries Affected by COVID-19? Insights from an Online Survey
Authors: Cimpoeru Smaranda , Roman Monica , Kobeissi Amira , Mohammad Heba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic has affected and still affects many countries in the world, reshaping many of the economic and social activities. Based on the results of an online survey, this paper highlights the perceptions of the way the pandemic has affected one of the most vulnerable categories in a society, migrants. We focus our research on the migrants and refugees from Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries, living in Europe, as in the recent years and mostly after the migrant crisis in 2015, they are in large numbers in European countries. Using ANOVA models, our results show that unemployed migrants, students but also migrants who find it difficult on present income are most worried about the COVID-19 crisis and fell they will be greatly affected in terms of income and employment by this crisis. Also, women are more worried by COVID-19 than men with respect to the health aspect.
Animal coronaviruses in the light of COVID-19
Authors: Domańska-Blicharz Katarzyna , Woźniakowski Grzegorz , Konopka Bogdan , Niemczuk Krzysztof , Welz Mirosław , Rola Jerzy , Socha Wojciech , Orłowska Anna , Antas Marta , Śmietanka Krzysztof , Cuvelier-Mizak Beata 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Coronaviruses are extremely susceptible to genetic changes due to the characteristic features of the genome structure, life cycle and environmental pressure. Their remarkable variability means that they can infect many different species of animals and cause different disease symptoms. Moreover, in some situations, coronaviruses might be transmitted across species. Although they are commonly found in farm, companion and wild animals, causing clinical and sometimes serious signs resulting in significant economic losses, not all of them have been classified by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) as hazardous and included on the list of notifiable diseases. Currently, only three diseases caused by coronaviruses are on the OIE list of notifiable terrestrial and aquatic animal diseases. However, none of these three entails any administrative measures. The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 infections that have caused the COVID-19 pandemic in humans has proved that the occurrence and variability of coronaviruses is highly underestimated in the animal reservoir and reminded us of the critical importance of the One Health approach. Therefore, domestic and wild animals should be intensively monitored, both to broaden our knowledge of the viruses circulating among them and to understand the mechanisms of the emergence of viruses of relevance to animal and human health.
UTCI field measurements in an urban park in Florence (Italy)
Authors: Petralli Martina , Massetti Luciano , Pearlmutter David , Brandani Giada , Messeri Alessandro , Orlandini Simone 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate human thermal comfort in different green area settings in the city of Florence by using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). Field measurements of air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed and black globe thermometer were collected during hot summer days in various parts of Cascine Park, the biggest urban park in Florence (Italy). UTCI was evaluated over different surfaces (asphalt, gravel and grass) completely exposed to the sun or shaded by a large lime tree (Tilia × europaea). The results showed strong differences in UTCI values depending on the exposure to tree shade, while no significant difference was found among ground-cover materials when all surfaces were equally exposed to solar radiation. Future studies are needed to investigate the microclimatic effects of different tree species on UTCI.
Swing-Up Problem of an Inverted Pendulum – Energy Space Approach
Authors: Balcerzak Marek 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper describes a novel, energy space based approach to the swing-up of an inverted pendulum. The details of the swing-up problem have been described. Equations of the velocity-controlled have been presented. Design of the controller based on energy space notion has been elaborated. The control algorithm takes into account state constraints and control signal constraints. Parameters of the controller have been optimized by means of the Differential Evolution method. A numerical simulation of the inverted pendulum driven by the proposed controller has been conducted, its results have been presented and elaborated. The paper confirms that the proposed method results in a simple and effective swing-up algorithm for a velocity-controlled inverted pendulum with state constraints and control signal constraints.
Numerical Studies for Solving a Free Convection Boundary–Layer Flow Over a Vertical Plate
Authors: Othman Mohamed I. A. , Mahdy A. M. S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, The aim of this study is to present a reliable combination of the shifted Legendre collocation method to approximate of the problem of free convection boundary-layer flow over a vertical plate as produced by a body force about a flat plate in the direction of the generating body force. The proposed method is based on replacement of the unknown function by truncated series of well known shifted Legendre expansion of functions. An approximate formula of the integer derivative is introduced. Special attention is given to study the convergence analysis and derive an upper bound of the error of the presented approximate formula. The introduced method converts the proposed equation by means of collocation points to a system of algebraic equations with shift Legendre coefficients. Thus, by solving this system of equations, the shifted Legendre coefficients are obtained. Boundary conditions in an unbounded domain, i.e. boundary condition at infinity, pose a problem in general for the numerical solution methods. The obtained results are in good agreement with those provided previously by the iterative numerical method. As a result, without taking or estimating missing boundary conditions, the shifted Legendre collocation method provides a simple, non-iterative and effective way for determining the solutions of nonlinear free convection boundary layer problems possessing the boundary conditions at infinity.
Vibration of Skew Plate with Circular Variation in Thickness and Poisson’s Ratio
Authors: Sharma Amit 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The present study analyzes the natural vibration of non homogeneous visco elastic skew plate (parallelogram plate) with non uniform thickness under temperature field. Here non homogeneity in the plate’s material arises due to circular variation in Poisson’s ratio. Also the circular variation in thickness causes non uniformity in the shape of the plate. Bi linear temperature variation on the plate along both the axes is being viewed. The equation of motion related to frequency modes are solved by Rayleigh Ritz method. The findings of the present analysis are presented with the help of tables.
Design and Analysis of Ejection in Sub Wheel Assembly
Authors: Rajendran S. , Abish S. M. , Sakthivel M. , Sandeep P. , Rahul Krishna S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Traveling in remote areas at nights is very risky and tire getting puncture at that time is dangerous. To avoid any of this complications a sub wheel system is installed in the vehicle. Sub wheels helps to go to required destination and change the puncture wheel. The tires used in this system are mold tires so they don’t get affected by the road conditions. The sub wheel is operated by means of a hydraulic system. Power for this sub wheel is provided from the engine placed in the back of the vehicle. This is system is very useful heavy weight vehicle which travel in difficult terrain (army vehicles). The height of the car is increased so that Sub wheels won’t affect the chassis or the engine. This type of system is used in le24race but they only use hydraulic system to lift the car. The advantage of this system is its user friendly and effective to use. By pressing a button required sub wheel comes down and start to function. By using CATIA a diagram of this system is drawn to check it’s various forces acting on it.
Applying CFD for Studying the Dynamic and Thermal Behavior of an Indirect Solar Dryer: Paramertric Analysis
Authors: Khaldi S. , Korti A. N. , Abboudi S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, an indirect solar dryer integrated thermal storage for drying figs. (Ficuscarica) is studied numerically. Unsteady turbulent airflow and heat transfer through a two-dimensional model is carried out for a typical day of August under the climatic conditions of Tlemcen (Algeria). Effects of air inlet size and thickness of the packed bed on the dynamic and thermal behaviors of the dryer with and without packed bed have been discussed. The study shows that: (1) Increase the inlet size from 0.04 m to 0.10 m can accelerate the extraction of air by about 13% and reduce the maximum crops temperature by about 14%. (2) The packed bed can reduce the mass flow rate extracted by 22% and the fluctuations of air temperature by 1.3%. (3) A packed bed with a thickness of 0.15 m can extend the operating time of the dryer up to 23%.