bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laupeudenteko vai ihmisyyden haaksirikko
Authors: Kontro Miia 
Published: May 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan Suomen evankelisluterilaisen kirkon piirissä käytyä eutanasiakeskustelua vuosina 2011–2017. Tutkimusaineisto koostuu sanomalehdissä ja kirkon omissa kanavissa julkaistuista kannanotoista, sanomalehtiartikkeleista ja mielipidekirjoituksista, joita tarkastellaan diskurssianalyysin keinoin. Tuloksista selviää kirkon viranhaltijoiden käyttämät kahdeksan eri diskurssia, joilla puhuja perustelee ja pohtii omaa kantaansa suhteessa eutanasiaan. Jumalan kaikkivaltiuden, elämän pyhyyden, vastuun ja kaltevan pinnan diskursseja käytetään eutanasiaa vastustavissa näkemyksissä, jotka korostavat ihmisen toimintavallan rajoja suhteessa toisiin ihmisiin tai Jumalaan. Ristiriitainen asennoituminen eutanasiaan näkyy arvokkuuden, kärsimyksen ja armeliaisuuden diskursseissa, joita käytetään sekä eutanasiaa vastustavissa että puoltavissa näkemyksissä. Lähimmäisenrakkauden diskurssi sisältää toisen sijaan asettumisen näkökulman, jota käytetään yksinomaan eutanasiaa puoltavassa tai ymmärtävässä asennoitumisessa. Tutkimuksen tulokset tarkentavat uskonnolliseen arvomaailmaan pohjautuvia näkemyksiä eutanasiasta.
Act of Mercy or Shipwreck of Humanity: Discourses of the Debate on Euthanasia in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 2011 – 2017
The article examines the debate on euthanasia in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland in 2011–2017. The data consists of official statements, newspaper articles, and opinions published in newspapers and in Church's own media channels. The results reveal eight discourses used to justify and reflect the speaker’s attitude towards euthanasia. The discourses of God's omnipotence, the holiness of life, responsibility and slippery slope are used in views against euthanasia. They point out the limitations of human authority in relation to other people or to God. The discourses of dignity, suffering, and mercy are used both for and against euthanasia. The discourse of charity includes the perspective of imagining oneself in the situation of another person and is used mainly in proposing views on euthanasia. The results provide insights on religion-based attitudes towards euthanasia.
Сумеет ли методика преподавания РКИ ответить на вызовы сегодняшнего дня?
Authors: Vokhmina L.L. 
Published: May 2020

Статья рассматривает важнейшие факторы, учет которых напрямую влияет на успешность обучения иностранному языку и РКИ. Прежде всего это относится к распространению информационных технологий, широко шагнувших во все сферы жизни, и к произошедшим не без влияния первого фактора значительным изменениям в протекании психологических и физиологических процессов у сегодняшнего молодого поколения, уже и не поколения X, но Y и Z по известной классификации. В статье рассматривается и еще один фактор, оказывающий влияние на скорость и прочность овладения коммуникативной компетенцией. И этот фактор система упражнений, построенная на методологической основе постепенного перехода от полной заданности всех необходимых элементов для языковой реакции учащихся до полной их самостоятельности в построении речевых высказываний в структуре естественных речевых ситуаций.The article considers the most important factors that directly affect the success of teaching foreign languages. First of all, it applies, to the spread of information technologies that have taken a wide step in all spheres of life and, secondly, significant changes in the psychological and physiological processes in todays young generation, already generation Y and Z according to the known classification, have occurred not without the influence of the first factor. In addition, the article also considers the third factor affecting the speed and strength of mastering communicative competence. And this factor is a system of exercises built on the methodological basis of a gradual transition from a complete set of all the necessary elements for the language reaction of students to their complete independence in the construction of speech utterances in the natural speech situations structure.
Кейс-технологии при обучении иностранных учащихся русской интонации
Authors: Naumenko Yu.M. , Ilina O.A. 
Published: May 2020

В статье представлен опыт реализации кейс-технологии в процессе преподавания РКИ. Показано, как кейс-технология может быть спроецирована на одновременное выполнение двух задач обобщение теоретического лингвистического материала и моделирование типичной программы речевого поведения при коммуникации в кафе или ресторане. Обобщаемый лингвистический аспект представляет собой описание интонационных конструкций русского языка, изучаемых на подготовительном факультете. Для реализации обеих задач необходимо ввести новый ориентирующий этап в алгоритм исполнения кейс-технологии, на котором учащиеся под руководством преподавателя систематизируют теоретические знания, верифицируя их на диалогах-образцах, являю- щихся справочным материалом для выполнения задачи кейса.The article presents the experience of implementing the case-technology in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. It is shown how the case-technology can be projected to perform two tasks simultaneously: the generalization of theoretical linguistic material and the modeling of a typical program of speech behavior in the communication act in a cafe or a restaurant. The generalized linguistic aspect is a description of intonational structures of the Russian language studied at the preparative faculty. To implement both tasks it is necessary to introduce a new-orienting-stage in the algorithm of the case technology, in which students, under the guidance of a teacher, systematize their theoretical knowledge, verifying it on sample dialogues which are the reference material for performing the case-task.
Номинации футбольных коллективов Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга в средствах массовой информации и фанатской среде
Authors: Fateev D.N. 
Published: May 2020

Статья посвящена анализу создаваемых фанатами и журналистами номинаций футбольных коллективов Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга. Раскрывается история приобретения неофициальных названий клубами, приводятся примеры хвалебных и наездных кричалок.The article is devoted to the nominations of football teams in Moscow and St. Petersburg created by football fans and journalists. The story of the acquisition of unofficial clubs names is revealed, examples of complimentary and hitting chants are given.
МЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ПРОСТРАНСТВО «УВАЖЕНИЕ»: ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ПРОДУКТИВНЫХ РЕЧЕВЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ НА РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ КАК НЕРОДНОМ
Authors: Epifanova V.V. 
Published: May 2020

В статье анализируются средства, выражающие уважение к другому человеку/людям в русском языке с позиции семантики. Подробно представлен алгоритм работы с наборами выражения базовых смыслов, входящих в понятие уважения, для обеспечения активных речевых действий на русском языке как неродном. Подобный подход позволяет рассматривать язык как продуктивную деятельность, служащую для реализации определенного мыслительного пространства с помощью имеющегося семантического пространства языка (языковых значений).The article is devoted to the research of expression means of respect to another person/ people in Russian language from the position of semantics. The algorithm of work with sets of basic meanings included in the notion of respect is presented in detail for providing active speech actions in Russian as a non-native language. This approach allows to consider a language as productive activity serving the purposes of realizing a certain mental space with the help of existing semantic space of language (language meanings).
Многоаспектность изучения языковой способности как психолингвистического феномена
Authors: Bezrukova O.A. 
Published: May 2020

В обзорной статье представлен феномен языковой способности человека с позиции различных областей научного знания: биологии, психофизиологии, лингводидактики, когнитивной психологии, логопедии. Автор сравнивает различные подходы к изучению генезиса и структурных составляющих данного феномена. Языковая способность рассматривается в трех основных значениях: как обучаемость (задатки), как процесс овладения языком (речевой онтогенез) и как обученность (результат).Выводы, полученные в результате аналитического осмысления научных данных, имеют важное прикладное значение для современной педагогики в целом и лингводидактики в частности.The review presents the phenomenon of a humans language capability from the standpoints of various fields of scientific knowledge: biology, psychophysiology, language pedagogy, cognitive psychology, speech therapy. The author compares the diverse approaches to the research of genesis and structural components of the phenomenon. Language capability is viewed as three basic definitions: as the ability to learn language (aptitude), as a process of language acquisition (language development), and as language proficiency (the result of learning). The conclusions obtained as a result of the analytical understanding of scientific data are of practical importance for comprehensive pedagogy in general and language pedagogy in particular.
L’expérience touristique mémorable : une approche par le produit alimentaire emblématique d’une région
Authors: Salvador Marielle , El Euch Maalej Mariem 
Published: May 2020

Les interactions d’un touriste avec un produit alimentaire emblématique d’une région ou d’un pays sont susceptibles de générer des souvenirs entrant dans la définition d’une expérience touristique mémorable. L’étude exploratoire menée se propose de mieux cerner les éléments qui la composent à travers le prisme du produit alimentaire emblématique. L’analyse de onze narrations d’expériences touristiques contribue à enrichir la définition d’une expérience touristique mémorable en mettant en exergue les éléments suivants : l’importance des émotions gustatives, la perception de l’authenticité de l’expérience et l’importance de la planification à l’avance.
Émergence et formation de routes touristiques à thème : apports des concepts de stratégie collective et d’entrepreneuriat collectif
Authors: Renard Laurent , Cloutier L. Martin , Picaud-Bello Katia , Stevens Eric 
Published: May 2020

Les concepts de stratégie collective et d’entrepreneuriat collectif sont mobilisés dans l’étude de l’émergence et de la formation de deux routes touristiques à thème (RT). Basée sur une recherche multicas de deux RT, la Loire à vélo (France) et la Route des cidres (Montérégie, Québec, Canada), les résultats soulignent l’intérêt d’examiner : (1) les acteurs clés (parties prenantes) engagés dans une démarche entrepreneuriale collective ainsi que leur rôle ; (2) les dynamiques à l’œuvre entre ces acteurs ; et (3) la nature et les caractéristiques du projet stratégique collectif provenant de sa phase d’émergence et de formation.
Transformations sociales de l’agglomération parisienne au cours du XX e siècle : une approche longitudinale et générationnelle des inégalités d’accès à la ville
Authors: Le Roux Guillaume , Imbert Christophe , Bringé Arnaud , Bonvalet Catherine 
Published: May 2020

La région Île-de-France a connu de profondes transformations au cours de la seconde moitié du xx e siècle : dépeuplement de Paris et réhabilitation de certains quartiers, densification des banlieues et périurbanisation. Ces changements sont à l’origine de redistributions importantes des populations au sein de l’agglomération parisienne, avec le départ d’une partie des classes populaires et moyennes de Paris intra-muros vers la banlieue, l’arrivée de nouvelles classes populaires migrantes, et l’amorce du processus de gentrification de la capitale. Bien que majoritairement produits selon une approche transversale, les travaux sur les ségrégations urbaines suggèrent depuis plusieurs décennies que l’évolution des mobilités géographiques des individus et des ménages est liée à celle des divisions sociales de l’espace. Cet article propose de compléter ces recherches à partir d’un corpus original d’enquêtes de l’Ined en région parisienne, qui permet d’étudier la mobilité de générations ayant participé aux transformations sociales de la capitale et de ses périphéries de 1930 à 2000. Les résultats montrent un renforcement du lien au fil des générations entre la position sociale et la centralité de la position géographique, au fur et à mesure de l’étalement urbain et du développement des réseaux de transport.
La guerre de 1914-1918 et la disparition des noms de famille en France : un essai d'estimation à partir du modèle Galton-Watson
Authors: Darlu Pierre , Chareille Pascal 
Published: May 2020

Aucune étude en France ne s’est intéressée à l’éventuelle réduction du stock patronymique imputable à la guerre de 1914-1918. L’objet de ce travail est d’estimer l’ampleur du phénomène en prenant en compte les effets aléatoires de la disparition des noms selon le modèle d’extinction de Galton-Watson, la distribution du nombre d’enfants par ménage et la proportion de patronymes selon le nombre de porteurs. Les estimations, sur la France entière et par département, sont établies sur la base du fichier des « Morts pour la France » et du fichier Insee des noms de familles. Si les pertes humaines imputables à la Grande Guerre sont inégalement distribuées sur le territoire, avec un nombre de morts plus élevé au nord d’une ligne La Rochelle-Mulhouse, les pertes patronymiques sont géographiquement différemment réparties et plus nombreuses dans les Pyrénées, en Corse et en Bretagne. Pour autant, les patronymes effectivement disparus ne représentent qu’une proportion faible (1,4%) de l’ensemble des patronymes des MPF. Par département, cette proportion est très variable et souvent en contradiction avec le modèle de Galton- Watson qui prévoit davantage de disparitions. Plusieurs explications sont avancées : elles tiennent au mode de constitution des deux fichiers et aux hypothèses démographiques formulées.
Immune Complex–Driven Generation of Human Macrophages with Anti-Inflammatory and Growth-Promoting Activity
Authors: Dalby Elizabeth , Christensen Stephen M. , Wang Jingya , Hamidzadeh Kajal , Chandrasekaran Prabha , Hughitt V. Keith , Tafuri Wagner Luiz , Arantes Rosa Maria Esteves , Rodrigues Ismael Alves , Herbst Ronald , El-Sayed Najib M. , Sims Gary P. , Mosser David M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo maintain homeostasis, macrophages must be capable of assuming either an inflammatory or an anti-inflammatory phenotype. To better understand the latter, we stimulated human macrophages in vitro with TLR ligands in the presence of high-density immune complexes (IC). This combination of stimuli resulted in a broad suppression of inflammatory mediators and an upregulation of molecules involved in tissue remodeling and angiogenesis. Transcriptomic analysis of TLR stimulation in the presence of IC predicted the downstream activation of AKT and the inhibition of GSK3. Consequently, we pretreated LPS-stimulated human macrophages with small molecule inhibitors of GSK3 to partially phenocopy the regulatory effects of stimulation in the presence of IC. The upregulation of DC-STAMP and matrix metalloproteases was observed on these cells and may represent potential biomarkers for this regulatory activation state. To demonstrate the presence of these anti-inflammatory, growth-promoting macrophages in a human infectious disease, biopsies from patients with leprosy (Hanseniasis) were analyzed. The lepromatous form of this disease is characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia and defective cell-mediated immunity. Lesions in lepromatous leprosy contained macrophages with a regulatory phenotype expressing higher levels of DC-STAMP and lower levels of IL-12, relative to macrophages in tuberculoid leprosy lesions. Therefore, we propose that increased signaling by FcγR cross-linking on TLR-stimulated macrophages can paradoxically promote the resolution of inflammation and initiate processes critical to tissue growth and repair. It can also contribute to infectious disease progression.
MHC-Independent Thymic Selection of CD4 and CD8 Coreceptor Negative αβ T Cells
Authors: Collin Roxanne , Lombard-Vadnais Félix , Hillhouse Erin E. , Lebel Marie-Ève , Chabot-Roy Geneviève , Melichar Heather J. , Lesage Sylvie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that unconventional T cell subsets, such as NKT, γδ T, mucosal-associated invariant T, and CD8αα T cells, each play distinct roles in the immune response. Subsets of these cell types can lack both CD4 and CD8 coreceptor expression. Beyond these known subsets, we identify CD4−CD8−TCRαβ+, double-negative (DN) T cells, in mouse secondary lymphoid organs. DN T cells are a unique unconventional thymic-derived T cell subset. In contrast to CD5high DN thymocytes that preferentially yield TCRαβ+ CD8αα intestinal lymphocytes, we find that mature CD5low DN thymocytes are precursors to peripheral DN T cells. Using reporter mouse strains, we show that DN T cells transit through the immature CD4+CD8+ (double-positive) thymocyte stage. Moreover, we provide evidence that DN T cells can differentiate in MHC-deficient mice. Our study demonstrates that MHC-independent thymic selection can yield DN T cells that are distinct from NKT, γδ T, mucosal-associated invariant T, and CD8αα T cells.
The predictors of outcome and progression of pediatric sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Shah S , Deshmukh CT , Tullu MS 
Published: May 2020

Introduction:
There is a paucity of studies on the progression and outcome of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) with its determinants.

Aims and Objectives:
To determine the predictors of the outcome and progression of pediatric sepsis and septic shock.

Materials and Methods:
Prospective observational study of children fulfilling criteria of SIRS and their progression to sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock (clinically and biochemically) was conducted at a tertiary care center.

Results:
Totally, 200 children were recruited over a period of 21 months (from February 2016 to October 2017). Most cases (80, 40%) were infants. Of the total, 188 (94%) cases were of an infective etiology (mostly respiratory system). Temperature and heart rate were the two commonest SIRS parameters which were deranged. Blood cultures were positive in only 25 (12.5%) cases. Out of the total 200 children, 108 progressed to sepsis, of which 26 progressed to severe sepsis, of which 22 progressed to septic shock. Abnormal leukocyte count, culture positivity and severe acute malnutrition were significantly associated with progression of SIRS patients to septic shock (P = 0.001, 0.00001 and 0.002, respectively). Factors associated with mortality were positive blood culture, multiorgan dysfunction, late hospital admissions, severe acute malnutrition, and requirement of supportive care (P values-<0.0001, <0.0001, 0.03, <0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively).

Conclusions:
SIRS can progress to septic shock if not identified early. The predictors of mortality were positive blood cultures, multiorgan dysfunction, late hospital admissions, severe acute malnutrition, and requirement of supportive care. The predictors of progression to septic shock were abnormal leukocyte count, culture positivity, and severe acute malnutrition.
Is routine pre-entry chest radiograph necessary in a high tuberculosis prevalence country?
Authors: Jasper A , Gibikote S , Kirupakaran H , Christopher DJ , Mathews P 
Published: May 2020

Context:
Chest radiographs have been used worldwide as a screening tool before employment and training, by various healthcare and other government and nongovernment institutions. Many studies done in the past have demonstrated a relatively low yield for tuberculosis detection and therefore, the authors have questioned this practice.

Aims:
To compare the value of the preadmission/employment chest radiograph in two groups, namely, those who have been previously exposed to a healthcare setting (post-exposure group) and those who have not been exposed (pre-exposure group) and to determine if there is a significant difference in tuberculosis detection between these two groups.

Settings and Design:
A retrospective review of the reports of the chest radiographs of all candidates appearing for admission to various undergraduate and postgraduate courses in our institute between 2014 and 2017 was performed.

Materials and Methods:
The various abnormalities detected were recorded and the findings in the two groups were compared.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square test was used to compare between two group proportions.

Results:
Thirty out of 4333 (0.69%) candidates in the pre-exposure group and 53 out of 3379 (1.57%) candidates in the post-exposure group showed abnormalities on chest radiographs involving the lung parenchyma, mediastinum, heart, or pleura. In the pre-exposure group, six (0.14%) were found to have underlying cardiac disease and one (0.02%) had tuberculosis. Among the six candidates in the post-exposure group who underwent further investigations in our institute, five (0.15%) were diagnosed to have tuberculosis. Although there was no statistically significant difference in tuberculosis detection between the groups (P = 0.051), there is a trend towards higher detection of tuberculosis in the post-exposure group.

Conclusions:
In a country where the prevalence of tuberculosis is high, the pre-employment chest radiograph may still have a role in detecting tuberculosis in the post-exposure group.
Etika Bisnis Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Alkitab
Authors: Latupeirissa Jacky 
Published: May 2020

Bisnis adalah sebuah dunia tersendiri yang terlepas dari nilai-nilai dan norma-norma kecuali peraturan yang berlaku saat itu, di tempat itu. Apa yang dilarang oleh peraturan, boleh jadi menjadi legal di waktu mendatang sehingga etika tidak lebih dari seperangkat peraturan yang dapat berubah tergantung situasi. Pertanyaannya adalah apa yang terjadi dengan etika bisnis sebagai standar untuk pengambilan keputusan etis dan bagaimana peranan agama sebagai keyakinan yang mengajarkan takut akan Tuhan? Berbisnis dimaksudkan untuk mengasihi sesama manusia.Artinya, mengasihi pekerjanya, mengasihi rekan kerjanya, dan mengasihi konsumen atau pelanggannya. Bagian Alkitab yang menjadi dasar interpretasi teologis dari bisnis Kristen, yaitu: Kegiatan Bisnis untuk Memenuhi Mandat Ilahi yaitu Menguasai dan Melestarikan Ciptaan (Kejadian 1:26-28; 2:5,15); , Kegiatan Bisnis sebagai Aktivitas Kerja dan Pelayanan (Kejadian 3:17-19; 2 Tesalonika 3:10); , Kegiatan Bisnis Digunakan untuk Memuliakan Tuhan (Mazmur 150; Roma 11:36); , Menjadi Garam dan Terang di Pilar Bisnis dan Ekonomi (Matius 5:13-14), Usaha Atau Bisnis Adalah Suatu Alat Bukan Tujuan.
8. LA CANCIÓN INFANTIL COMO RECURSO PODEROSO Y POLIVALENTE EN LA PRÁCTICA PEDAGÓGICA PROFESIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN INICIAL
Authors: Mendoza (UPEL IPB) Yaridem Carolina 
Published: May 2020

Este artículo, en modalidad de ensayo, registra hallazgos de mi tesis doctoral relativos a significados de la canción infantil respecto de su incidencia en la organización del ambiente de aprendizaje, la estructuración de la jornada de trabajo y su trascendencia en el ambiente de aprendizaje de educación inicial. El estudio aborda los significados que atribuyen los actores sociales a la canción infantil como recurso pedagógico en la Fase de Integración Docencia Administración (FIDA), unidad curricular del componente Práctica Profesional en la especialidad de Educación Inicial que administra la Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador (UPEL). Los actores sociales son estudiantes de FIDA como docentes en formación, las profesoras del centro de aplicación como docentes auxiliares y las docentes-guía de la especialidad de Educación Inicial de dicha universidad. La investigación permitió generar un cuerpo de conocimiento idiográfico relacionado con la canción infantil como recurso didáctico poderoso ypolivalente