bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highlighting Recovery Services Promoting Personal Recovery of Adults Living With Severe Mental Illness – A Comprehensive Integrative Review&nbsp;
Authors: Badu Eric , O’Brien Anthony Paul , Mitchell Rebecca 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: There is increasing call regarding recovery services, however, little review studies have been undertaken regarding such services. This integrative review aimed to identify and synthesize evidence on the usefulness of recovery services used to promote personal recovery among adults living with severe mental illness. Methods: A search of the published literature was conducted using: Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. Mixed methods synthesis was used to analyse the data. The search was limited to papers published in English from January 2008 to January 2020. The review integrated both qualitative and quantitative data into a single synthesis. Results: Out of 40 included papers, 62.5 %( 25/40) used Quantitative data, 32.5% used Qualitative and 5 %( 2/40) used mixed methods. The review identified three recovery services such as integrated recovery model, vocational rehabilitation (Individual Placement Services), as well as recovery narrative photovoice and art-making services. The recovery services are useful in areas such as medication and treatment adherence, improvement in functioning, symptoms, physical health & social behaviour, self-efficacy, economic empowerment, social inclusion, household integration and access to support services. Conclusions: The evidence on recovery services focused largely on integrated rehabilitation and individual placement services, with a few studies implementing recovery narrative photovoice and art-making services. Mental health professionals are encouraged to implement the identified recovery services to improve the personal recovery goals of consumers.
Interactive Multiobjective Optimization for Finding The Most Preferred Exercise Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: shavazipour Babooshka , Afsar Bekir , Multanen Juhani , Kujala Urho M , Miettinen Kaisa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The primary purpose of this study is to develop a decision support approach to support physicians or other healthcare professionals in comparing diﬀerent exercise therapies and identifying the most preferred one by balancing among cost, ability of improving physical function and reducing pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods: Thirty-one exercise therapies were selected from twenty-one randomized controlled trials from a previous meta-analysis. A multiobjective optimization model was designed to characterize the goodness of an exercise therapy based on ﬁve conﬂicting criteria: minimizing cost, maximizing pain reduction and disability improvement, minimizing the number of supervised exercise sessions and the length of the treatment period. Costs were estimated based on personal expenses regarding the information given in the collected randomized controlled trials. A novel interactive multiobjective optimization method was introduced to solve the model, where the physician’s preferences were taken into account in ﬁnding the most preferred exercise therapy. Results: An experienced physiotherapist was involved as a decision maker in the interactive solution process testing the proposed decision support approach. He iteratively provided preference information until he was satisﬁed with the set of therapies shown. After a more in-depth detailed analysis of selected therapies, the decision maker was able to ﬁnd the most preferred exercise therapy based on the patient's needs and health status. Conclusions: The proposed interactive multiobjective optimization method is promising in supporting the decision maker in balancing among conﬂicting criteria to ﬁnd the most preferred exercise therapy for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Moreover, the proposed method is generic enough to be applied in any field of medical and healthcare settings, where several alternative treatment options exist.
Direct and indirect neurological, cognitive and behavioral effects of COVID-19 on the normal elderly, Mild-Cognitive-Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease populations
Authors: Iodice Francesco , Cassano Valeria , Rossini Paolo Maria 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article reviews the main articles that have been published so far about the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on a particularly fragile population represented by the healthy elderly people as well as those with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Such populations have been among the most affected in the early stages of the pandemic due to the direct effects of the virus and numerous indirect effects now emerge and will have to be carefully assessed over time. The pandemic associated to COVID-19 has shifted most of the health resources to the emergency area and has consequently left the three main medical areas that dealing with the elderly population (oncology, time-dependent diseases and degenerative disease) temporarily “uncovered”. In the phase following the emergency, it will be crucial to guarantee to each area the economic and organizational resources to quickly return to the level of support of the pre-pandemic state. The emergency phase represented an important moment of discussion on the possibilities of telemedicine which will inevitably become increasingly important but all the limits of its use in the elderly population have to be considered. In the post-lockdown recovery phase, alongside the classic medical evaluation, the psychological evaluation must become even more important for doctors caring about people with cognitive decline.
Hippocampal Volume Influences the Correlations Between White Matter Disruption and Tau Protein in aMCI and mild AD
Authors: Magalhães Thamires Naela Cardoso , Casseb Raphael Fernandes , Gerbelli Christian Luiz Baptista , Nogueira Mateus Henrique , Pimentel-Silva Luciana Ramalho , Teixeira Camila Vieira Ligo , Carlleti Ana Flávia Mac Knight , Rezende Thiago Junqueira Ribeiro de , Joaquim Helena Passarelli Giroud , Talib Leda Leme , Forlenza Orestes , Cendes Fernando , Balthazar Marcio Luiz Figueredo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Candidemia in Intensive Care Units Over Nine Years at a Large Italian University Hospital&nbsp;
Authors: Mazzanti Sara , Brescini Lucia , Morroni Gianluca , Orsetti Elena , Pocognoli Antonella , Donati Abele , Cerutti Elisabetta , Munch Christopher , Montalti Roberto , Barchiesi Francesco 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Candidemia is an alarming problem in critically ill patients including those admitted in intensive care units (ICUs). We aimed to describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to Candida spp. in patients admitted to ICUs of an italian tertiary referral university hospital over nine years. Methods: A retrospective observational study of all cases of candidemia in adult patients was carried out from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018 at a 980-bedded University Hospital in Ancona, Italy, counting five ICUs. The incidence, demographics, clinical and microbiologic characteristics, therapeutic approaches and outcomes of ICU-patients with candidemia were collected. Early (7 days from the occurrence of the episode of Candida BSI) and late (30 days) mortality rates were calculated. Results: During the study period, 188/505 (36%) episodes of candidemia occurred in ICU patients. Incidence rate was 9.9/1000 ICU admission and it showed to be stable over time. Candida albicans accounted for 52% of the cases, followed by C. parapsilosis (24%), and C. glabrata (14%). With the exception of isolates of C. tropicalis which showed to be fluconazole resistant in 25% of the cases, resistance to antifungals was not of concern in our patients. Early and late mortality rates were 19% and 41%, respectively and did not increased significantly over time. Independent risk factors for higher mortality were septic shock, acute kidney failure, pulmonary embolism and lack of antifungal therapy. The type of antifungal therapy did not influence the outcome. Conclusion: Neither incidence rate nor crude mortality of candidemia in ICU patients increased over time at our institution. However, mortality rate remained high and significantly associated with specific host-related factors.
The Association Between Anion Gap and Diabetic Retinopathy: Based on Hospital Registry Data in Liaoning Diabetic Microvascular Complications Study
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Yao Litong , Li Xiang , Zhong Yifan , Wang Yan , Wu Jingyang , Geng Jin , Zhou Yun , Zhang Jiahua , Chen Jun , Xu Yingying , Liu Lei , Hu Yudong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Current evidences supported a highly relevant between acid-load and diabetes. The rise of serum anion gap (AG) has performed the significances in metabolic acidosis. Some factors correlated to diabetes might affect its complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods: A total of 3,411 Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes were selected form the hospital registry data on DR Sub-study of Liaoning Diabetic Microvascular Complications Study (LD-MCS), included 1,137 DR as the cases and 2,274 non-DR as the matching controls. Fasting venous blood test was applied to ascertain the ion levels, and serum AG (mmol/L) was computed by: AG = (sodium + potassium) – (chlorine + bicarbonate). According to Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study standards, DR was diagnosed by two-field fundus photographs and classified as mild non-proliferative DR (NPDR), moderate NPDR, and vision-threatening DR (VTDR). Logistic regression models and linear regression models were used to analyze the relationships.Results: In setting of the non-acidosis, higher AG was significantly associated with DR (P = 0.001), increased with aggravating retinopathy but decreased in VTDR level (P < 0.001). Multivariable-adjusted models showed that AG quartiles were independently linked with higher odds to occurrence (P for trend < 0.001) and severity (P for trend < 0.05) of DR, but with attention to the fluctuation of 75th AG quartiles. Linear logistic regression by stepwise method suggested the growth of age (P = 0.014), glycated hemoglobin (P = 0.018), and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (P < 0.001) played an intimate role in the association between AG and DR.Conclusions: Higher AG was independently related to the occurrence and progression of DR. Our findings suggested that serum AG might alter the risk of DR by affecting glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Red Cell Distribution Width to Platelet Count Ratio as a Promising Indicator of Mortality for Acute Traumatic Brain Injury: a Study on Large ICU&nbsp;Cohorts
Authors: Ge Xintong , Zhu Luoyun , Li Wenzhu , Sun Jian , Jiang Rongcai , Lei Ping , Zhang Jianning 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Outcome prediction is crucial for the effective treatment of patients with acute traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, there is still a lack of reliable and routinely available blood predictors with sufficient clinical evidence till now. This research is designed to investigate the association between red cell distribution width to platelet count ratio (RPR) and mortality risk of TBI patients, thereby providing a promising indicator for prognosis evaluation of TBI.Methods: Clinical data of 2,220 patients with TBI that extracted from two large ICU cohorts (MIMIC-III database and eICU Collaborative Research Database), were integratively analyzed using our developed method named MeDICS. The association between RPR and hospital mortality was determined using the logistic regression model and Lowess Smoothing technique. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to control for confounders. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was depicted to show the prognostic performance. The stepwise backward elimination method was performed to develop a nomogram, where tenfold cross-validation was used to protect it against overfitting. Results: Higher RPR can be observed among non-survivors than survivors with TBI (p < 0.001). Besides, high RPR was associated with increased mortality, with the odds ratio (OR) increasing from RPR of 0.074-0.098 (OR: 2.13, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.28, p = 0.001) to > 0.098 (OR: 3.82, 95% CI 2.55 to 5.72, p < 0.001), using RPR of < 0.057 as the reference. RPR had a moderately good prognostic performance with an area under ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.7367, which was greater than that of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS, AUC = 0.6022). The nomogram consisting of RPR, GCS and other risk factors can further improve the prognostic value of RPR (Harrell’s C-index = 0.8582, p value of Hosmer-Lemeshow test = 0.3159). In addition, in-vivo experiments indicated that the continuous change in RPR after TBI was attributed to the development of inflammatory response.Conclusions: As an easily accessible index, RPR is a promising predictor of mortality for acute TBI. The nomogram generated from RPR can be used in resource-limited settings, thus be proposed as a prognosis evaluation aid for patients with TBI in all levels of medical system.
LncRNA MALAT1&nbsp;Forms a Negative Feedback Loop With lncRNA CRNDE&nbsp;in Sepsis to Regulate Lung Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Yue Caifang , He Muhan , Teng Yanping , Bian Xiaoli 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: It has been reported that lncRNAs MALAT1 and CRNDE plays opposite roles in sepsis. Therefore, they may have crosstalk. We therefore explored the potential interaction between them in sepsis. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from both sepsis patients (n=60) and healthy controls (n=60). Expression of MALAT1 and CRNDE in plasma samples before than after treatment was determined by RT-qPCR. Results: Overexpression of MALAT1 and CRNDE in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (HBEpCs) was achieved to explore the relationship between them. The roles of MALAT1 and CRNDE in regulating the apoptosis of HBEpCs were analyzed by cell apoptosis assay. MALAT1 was upregulated in sepsis, while CRNDE was downregulated in sepsis. In lung cells, overexpression of MALAT1 and CRNDE mediated the downregulation of each other. With proper treatment, MALAT1 was downregulated in sepsis and CRNDE was upregulated in sepsis. In lung cells, LPS mediated the upregulation of MALAT1 and the downregulation of CRNDE. Cell apoptosis analysis showed that MALAT1 overexpression promoted the apoptosis of lung cells induced by LPS, and the overexpression of CRNDE played an opposite role. Moreover, CRNDE overexpression attenuated the effects of MALAT1 overexpression. Conclusion: MALAT1 may form a negative feedback loop with CRNDE in sepsis to regulate lung cell apoptosis.
WITHDRAWN: First molecular evidence of Hepatozoon canis infection in Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato) ticks in Iran
Authors: Zeinali MohammadReza , Malekifard Farnaz , Rakhshanpour Alaleh , Yakhchali Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatozoon canis is a protozoan that is transmitted by the ixodid ticks. Ingesting the tick or a section of the tick organ which is infected by the mature oocysts containing infectious sporozoite is the main source of infection in dogs. Canine hepatozoonosis infects dogs in Iran, but the vector for Hepatozoon protozoa from Iran has never been demonstrated. The present study aims to detect H. canis in dogs and vector ticks in Iran.
Methods
During the period of 2018–2019, Blood samples and ixodid ticks were collected and examined using microscopical, molecular, and serological methods. A total of 246 blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein of pet, stray, and shelter dogs (103 stray, 99 shelter, and 44 pets) of both genders and varying ages in Northwest of Iran.
Results
Microscopically, infected neutrophils with Hepatozoon spp. were detected in 5 of 246 (2.03%) thin stained blood smears with low parasitemia. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used to test the serum samples and antibodies against H. canis were detected in 31 (12.6%) of the serum samples. Molecularly, 23 out of 246 (9.34%) blood samples were found to be infected with H. canis. A comparison of the results of 3 diagnostic methods demonstrated a good agreement between IFAT and PCR and a poor agreement between microscopical examination with IFAT and PCR. There was no significant difference in different age groups and sex of sampled dogs. However, stray dogs had significant infection rate of than pets and shelter ones. In body inspection, 141 adult ticks (31 partially engorged females, 26 fully engorged female and 84 fed males) were collected from examined dogs and all ticks were belonging to species of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato). Positive reaction to H. canis was observed in the genomic DNA of the 7 ticks (4.96%). A BLAST analysis of obtaining sequences isolated from both dogs and ticks indicated a 99–100% similarity with H. canis 18S rRNA gene sequences in GenBank. This is the first study in Iran to detect H. canis in R. sanguineus tick.
Small Dense Low Density Lipoprotein and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Cohort Study From China
Authors: Hu Chengping , Han Hongya , Sun Yan , Cheng Yujing , Liu Yan , Liu Jinxing , Gao Ang , Zhou Yujie , Zhang Jianwei , Zhao Yingxin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Residual risk remained significant despite effective low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering treatment. Small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) as part of LDL-C has been found to be predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with stable CHD independently of LDL-C. However, to date, few studies have explored the role of sdLDL-C in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the association of sdLDL-C with CV events in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. Methods: Patients hospitalized with ACS undergoing PCI were enrolled and followed up for 18 months. The risk of sdLDL-C for CV events was compared according to sdLDL-C quartiles. The primary outcome was the composite of death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke and unplanned repeat revascularization. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed to estimate the risk of CV events. Subgroup analysis according to diabetes status and dichotomized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) level based on median value were performed separately for cardiovascular risk.Results: A total of 6092 patients were included in the analysis (age: 60.2±10.13 years, male: 75.3%, BMI: 25.9±3.33 kg/m2, dyslipidemia: 74.1% and diabetes: 44.5 %). During 18 months of follow-up, 320 (5.2%) incident CV events occurred. Compared to the lowest sdLDL-C quartile group, patients in the highest quartile had a greater risk of CV events after multivariable adjustment (HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.37-2.70). In the subgroup analyses, this greater risk remained significant in patients, regardless of high or low LDL-C or TG (dichotomized by the median value) and diabetes status.Conclusions: Patients with elevated sdLDL-C have a higher risk of CV events in Chinese patients with ACS undergoing PCI, providing additional value for better risk assessment.
Estimation of renal perfusion based on measurement of Rubidium-82 clearance by PET/CT scanning in healthy subjects
Authors: Langaa Stine Sundgaard , Lauridsen Thomas Guldager , Mose Frank Holden , Fynbo Claire Anne , Theil Jørn , Bech Jesper Nørgaard 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundChanges in renal blood flow (RBF) may play a pathophysiological role in hypertension and kidney disease. However, RBF determination in humans has proven difficult. We aimed to confirm the feasibility of RBF estimation based on positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT) and rubidium-82 (82Rb) using the abdominal aorta as input function in a 1-tissue compartment model. MethodsEighteen healthy subjects underwent two dynamic 82Rb PET/CT scans in two different fields of view (FOV). FOV-A included the left ventricular blood pool (LVBP), the abdominal aorta (AA) and the majority of the kidneys. FOV-B included AA and the kidneys in their entirety. In FOV-A, an input function was derived from LVBP and from AA; in FOV-B from AA. 1-tissue compartmental modeling was performed using tissue time activity curves generated from volumes of interest contouring the kidneys, where the renal clearance of 82Rb is represented by the K1 kinetic parameter. To investigate the correct interpretation of K1, we assumed to first estimate effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) by extrapolating clearance values (ml/min/cm3) to whole kidney values (ml/min) using the estimated total kidney volume. Thereafter, RPF was estimated from ERPF using an assumed extraction fraction (0.89). Lastly, RBF was estimated from RPF using measured haematocrit values. Intra-assay coefficients of variation and inter-observer variation were calculated.ResultsFor both kidneys, K1 values derived from AA did not differ significantly from values obtained from LVBP, neither were significant differences seen between AA in FOV-A and AA in FOV-B, nor between the right and left kidneys. For both kidneys, the intra-assay coefficients of variation were low (~ 5%) for both input functions. The measured K1 of 2.04 ml/min/cm3 suggests an estimated total renal perfusion normalized to body surface area of 628 ± 95 ml/min/1.73 m2 and subsequently an estimated RBF of 1091 ± 162 ml/min/1.73 m2. ConclusionRBF estimation based on PET/CT and 82Rb using AA as input function in a 1-tissue compartment model is feasible in a single FOV. The measured K1 clearance values are most likely representative of ERPF rather than estimated RBF values.
Defining Covid 19 containment zones using K-means dynamically
Authors: Chinchorkar Satish 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In view of the rapid growth of Covid-19 pandemic, contagious nature of the disease and non-availability of effective vaccine; the only way available is to restrict the people’s movements from mixing in a mob. However imposing total lockdown may not be the feasible solution because it is not only counter-productive but also causes the destructive impact on day-to-day working, economy and convenience of people. Moreover total lockdown is at the cost of public freedom may cause people agitation. Therefore determining the micro-level, manageable quarantine zones for affected Corona positive patients and further focus to only on the identified zones can be the resolution. For this purpose the scope of the containment zones must be determined with unbiased, precise and agile manner to enforce the controls on these zones to prevent the spread of this contagious disease. The updated and accurate information about such hot-spot zones can be useful for government to effectively implement the measures by concentrating the efforts on the zones and for other citizens to alert such hot-spot zones. However the task of identifying and circumventing the precise affected zones is not easy because of the constantly changing status of the patients. As soon as number of patients are getting recovered (the cycle time is around 14 days), these quarantine zones need to be revised and reconfigured accordingly, which is in addition to constantly accumulation of the data of new patients. The size and locations of such zones (affected by Corona positive patients) is dynamic in nature, therefore it becomes impossible to frequently reconfigure it manually. Implementing the models such as K-means from Data Science is proposed to help the situation because the zones determined by Data Science models are reliable (fact-based and latest), economic (not much additional infrastructure required), easy to understand (clusters are well defined and visible), flexible (can be parameterized / configured), and unbiased (because there is no preconception while defining zones/ clusters).