bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black raspberries attenuate colonic adenoma development in ApcMin mice: Relationship to hypomethylation of promoters and gene bodies
Authors: Huang Yi‐Wen , Mo Yue Yang , Echeveste Carla Elena , Oshima Kiyoko , Zhang Jianying , Yearsley Martha , Lin Chien‐Wei , Yu Jianhua , Liu Pengyuan , Du Ming , Sun Chongde , Xiao Jianbo , Wang Li‐Shu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that in addition to promoter region, DNA methylation in intragenic and intergenic regions also changes during physiological processes and disease. The current study showed that feeding of black raspberries (BRBs) to ApcMin mice suppressed colon and intestinal tumors. MBDCap‐seq suggested that dietary BRBs hypomethylated promoter, intragenic, and intergenic regions. Annotation of those regions highlighted genes in pathways involved in immune regulation, inflammatory signaling, production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, and progression of colorectal cancer. BRB phytochemicals (e.g., ellagic acid, anthocyanins, oligosaccharides) and their gut bacterial metabolites (e.g., urolithin, protocatechuic acid, short‐chain fatty acids) inhibited DNMT1 and DNMT3B activities in a cell‐free assay. Our results suggest that BRBs’ hypomethylating activities result from the combined effects of multiple BRB phytochemicals and their gut bacterial metabolites. Because similar substances are found in many plant products, our results with BRBs might also apply to commonly consumed fruits and vegetables.
Chemical analysis and sensory evaluation of honey produced by honeybee colonies fed with different sugar pastes
Authors: Moumeh Bouchra , Dolores Garrido María , Diaz Pedro , Peñaranda Irene , Linares María Belén 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSupplemental feeding of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies is essential for colony buildup. Honey samples obtained from feeding honey bee colonies with different commercial sugars, including sugar paste, sugar paste + vitamins +amino acids, and sugar paste + vitamins +protein as pollen substitute, were studied to determine the effects of feeding bees on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of honey, compared with the honey produced by a control group (no supplemental feeding). Analyzed honey samples from the different groups were in accordance with the criteria described in Council directive 2001/110/CE, 2002. Elsewhere, significant differences (p > .05) were detected in color, free acidity, diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural, sugar profile, and conductivity between all honey. In terms of mineral content, the honey from hives faded with sugar paste + vitamins +protein and control group had higher values for Na, Mg, P, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn. Related to sensory analyses, no differences in flavor and basic taste were found in all analyzed honey (p > .05) independently the type of feeding. For the visual attributes, only differences were found for the color. Supplementary feeding with different sugar pastes and proteins does not affect the physicochemical characteristics of honey. For the sensory analyses, control sample presented significant differences only for color and chemical odor attributes compared with honey from bees receiving supplementation.
MRI‐visible dilated perivascular spaces in healthy young adults: A twin heritability study
Authors: Choi Yangsean , Nam Yoonho , Choi Yera , Kim Jiwoong , Jang Jinhee , Ahn Kook Jin , Kim Bum‐soo , Shin Na‐Young 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe investigated the narrow‐sense heritability of MRI‐visible dilated perivascular spaces (dPVS) in healthy young adult twins and nontwin siblings (138 monozygotic, 79 dizygotic twin pairs, and 133 nontwin sibling pairs; 28.7 ± 3.6 years) from the Human Connectome Project. dPVS volumes within basal ganglia (BGdPVS) and white matter (WMdPVS) were automatically calculated on three‐dimensional T2‐weighted MRI. In univariate analysis, heritability estimates of BGdPVS and WMdPVS after age and sex adjustment were 65.8% and 90.2%. In bivariate analysis, both BGdPVS and WMdPVS showed low to moderate genetic correlations (.30–.43) but high shared heritabilities (71.8–99.9%) with corresponding regional volumes, intracranial volumes, and other regional dPVS volumes. Older age was significantly associated with larger dPVS volume in both regions even after adjusting for clinical and volumetric variables, while blood pressure was not associated with dPVS volume although there was weak genetic correlation. dPVS volume, particularly WMdPVS, was highly heritable in healthy young adults, adding evidence of a substantial genetic contribution in dPVS development and differential effect by location. Age affects dPVS volume even in young adults, while blood pressure might have limited role in dPVS development in its normal range.
The impact of introducing a national scheme for paid parental leave on maternal mental health outcomes
Authors: Bilgrami Anam , Sinha Kompal , Cutler Henry 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPaid maternity leave is an essential component of a progressive society. It can enhance postnatal health, improve mother and child wellbeing, and deliver better labor market outcomes for mothers. We evaluate the impact of the introduction of Australia's national Paid Parental Leave (PPL) scheme in 2011 and complementary Dad and Partner Pay (DAPP) in 2013 on maternal mental health. Using a sample of 1480 births to eligible, partnered women between 2004 and 2016 and examining a range of mental health outcomes from the Household, Income, andLabour Dynamics in Australia survey, we find depression likelihood reduced significantly in post‐reform years. When focusing on post‐DAPP years and women whose partners had concurrent access to DAPP, significant mental health improvements were found across a wider range of measures including the Mental Component Summary score and specific Short Form‐36 items with a high sensitivity for detecting major depression. Subgroup analysis suggests significant improvements applied specifically to first‐time mothers and mothers with employer‐paid maternity leave and unpaid leave entitlements. These results suggest that an increase in PPL and DAPP entitlements for mothers without access to employer‐paid and unpaid leave entitlements, particularly those in less secure employment, may further reduce postnatal depression and improve health equity in Australia.
Metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis as prognostic factors in head and neck cancer: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rijo‐Cedeño Jefferson , Mucientes Jorge , Álvarez Oscar , Royuela Ana , Seijas Marcos Sara , Romero Jesús , García‐Berrocal José Ramón 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe role of metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) in head and neck cancer (HNC) prognosis is not well established. We conducted a systematic review focusing on MTV and TLG measured by 18F‐FDG positron‐emission tomography in HNC. Meta‐analyses were developed, estimating hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS). Eighteen studies were found with a total of 1512 patients. MTV‐adjusted analysis had an HR of 4.65 (95% CI = 2.04‐10.6) for DFS and 3.89 (95% CI = 1.47‐10.30) for OS. TLG‐unadjusted analysis had an HR of 3.19 (95% CI = 2.33‐4.37) for DFS and 2.48 (95% CI = 1.82‐3.39) for OS. TLG‐adjusted analysis for DFS obtained an HR of 2.05 (95% CI = 0.96‐4.39). MTV and TLG are good prognostic factors in HNC, as high values predict a worse OS and DFS. Given the important information they provide, these parameters may be considered in clinical practice, as they are easily obtainable with current technology.
Postoperative radiotherapy is associated with improved overall survival for alveolar ridge squamous cell carcinoma with adverse pathologic features
Authors: Jacobs Corbin D. , Williamson Hannah , Barak Ian , Rocke Daniel J. , Kahmke Russel R. , Suneja Gita , Mowery Yvonne M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlveolar ridge squamous cell carcinoma (ARSCC) is poorly represented in randomized trials.MethodsAdults in the National Cancer Database diagnosed with ARSCC between 2010 and 2014 who should be considered for postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN)‐defined risk factors were identified.ResultsEight hundred forty‐five (58%) of 1457 patients meeting the inclusion criteria received PORT. PORT was associated with improved overall survival (OS) on unadjusted (hazard ratio [HR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70‐0.98, P = .02) and multivariable (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64‐0.94, P = .002) analyses. PORT was associated with significantly improved 5‐year OS for patients with 1 (68% vs 58%, P < .001), 2 (52% vs 31%, P < .001), and ≥3 (38% vs 24%, P < .001) NCCN‐defined risk factors. Prognostic variables significantly associated with worse OS on multivariable analysis included advanced age, primary tumor size ≥3 cm, high grade, positive margin(s), stage N2‐3, level IV/V nodal metastasis, and extranodal extension.ConclusionPORT for resected ARSCC with adverse pathologic features is associated with significantly improved OS.
Silica‐Supported Cationic Tungsten Imido Alkylidene Stabilized by an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand Boosts Activity and Selectivity in the Metathesis of α‐Olefins
Authors: De Jesus Silva Jordan , Mance Deni , Pucino Margherita , Benedikter Mathis J. , Elser Iris , Buchmeiser Michael R. , Copéret Christophe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA well‐defined silica‐supported cationic W imido alkylidene was prepared through surface organometallic chemistry. This catalyst shows preferential activity towards α‐ over internal olefins, which is atypical for W‐based catalysts, but consistent with the strong σ‐donating ability of the NHC ancillary ligand. Complementing the studies on tungsten‐based d0 metathesis catalysts, the silica‐supported cationic W imido alkylidene displays the highest activity among W imido catalysts for α‐olefins and shows improved selectivity for this class of olefins compared to Mo‐based catalysts.
A pilot study of adolescent health literacy research in Melbourne: Implementation and reflections
Authors: Guo Shuaijun , Davis Elise , Armstrong Rebecca , Yu Xiaoming , Naccarella Lucio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIssues addressedWhile adolescent health literacy research has gained momentum, there is little evidence regarding its implementation and data collection in school settings. This study explored the feasibility of collecting health literacy data from Australian secondary schools and piloted three health literacy instruments.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was designed to recruit four government secondary schools in Melbourne. Active, opt‐in consent was obtained from parents and students in Years 7‐9, and an online survey was conducted. Three health literacy instruments were used: the 8‐item Health Literacy Assessment Tool (HLAT‐8), the Newest Vital Sign (NVS), and the 47‐item Health Literacy Survey (HLS‐47).ResultsA total of 120 students (age 12‐15 years) were finally recruited from one school, whereas the other three schools declined due to busy educational commitment or no interest in research. Learnings and reflections on data collection included: a shared perspective of health literacy evaluation between school and researchers; the feasibility of online data collection; and the possibility of obtaining passive, opt‐out consent. About one‐quarter (23.7%‐32.2%) of students were likely to have poor health literacy.ConclusionsAlthough the recruitment was challenging, this pilot study indicates the feasibility of large‐scale online health literacy survey in future school‐based research.So what?Measuring and monitoring adolescent health literacy is essential to achieve the aim of the Australian Curriculum of Health and Physical Education. More implementation research is needed with representative samples to validate health literacy instruments and examine the impact of health literacy on health promotion outcomes in Australian adolescents.
Prostate carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation successfully treated by early detection with imaging examination
Authors: Kobayashi Momoko , Hagiwara Masahiro , Yamashita Hideyuki , Ohbu Makoto , Irie Akira 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionClinicopathological features of neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate carcinoma have not been totally clarified yet. It is known to be associated with poor prognosis.Case presentationA patient with growing prostate‐specific antigen was diagnosed with prostate carcinoma and treated by laparoscopic prostatectomy. The pathological examination revealed the neuroendocrine differentiation of the tumor. Early detection of prostate carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation can be difficult due to its low expression of prostate‐specific antigen. The imaging examination contributed to the early detection. In the follow‐up period of 2 years, the patient remains cancer free.ConclusionRecently, the treatment options for prostate carcinoma have been expanded. Precise assessment of immunohistochemical nature of the tumor may be helpful for individualized decision‐making.
Detection and classification of electroencephalogram signals for epilepsy disease using machine learning methods
Authors: Srinath Rajagopalan , Gayathri Rajagopal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe electroencephalogram (EEG) signal plays a key role in the diagnosis of epilepsy. This study describes an automated classification of EEG signal for the detection of Epilepsy disease using soft computing methods. The proposed method is comprised of three modules: (a) transformation, (b) feature computation, and (c) feature classifications. In the first module, the nonsubsampled contourlet transform is applied on the EEG signal which decomposes the signal into approximate and directional subbands. The decomposition is done using nonsubsampled pyramid filter bank and nonsubsampled directional filter bank respectively. Secondly, the statistical features are extracted from the decomposed directional subbands using wavelet packet decomposition method. Finally, these features are classified by adaptive neuro‐Fuzzy inference system classification method, which classifies the EEG signal into either focal or nonfocal signal. The proposed method is tested on a set of EEG signals for validation. The average classification rate of the proposed EEG signal classification system is 99.4%. The proposed EEG signal classification methodology achieves a sensitivity of 99.7%, a specificity of 99.7%, and an accuracy of 99.4%. The results confirmed that the proposed method has a potential in the classification of EEG signals and thereby could further improve the diagnosis of epilepsy.
Maternal organophosphate flame‐retardant exposure alters offspring energy and glucose homeostasis in a sexually dimorphic manner in mice
Authors: Walley Sabrina N. , Krumm Elizabeth A. , Yasrebi Ali , Kwiecinski Justine , Wright Victoria , Baker Chloe , Roepke Troy A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPersistent organic pollutants such as organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) can accumulate in the body and interact with nuclear receptors that control energy homeostasis. One sensitive window of exposure is during development, either in utero or neonatal. Therefore, we investigated if maternal exposure to a mixture of OPFRs alters metabolism on a low‐fat diet (LFD) or a high‐fat diet (HFD) in both male and female offspring. Wild‐type C57Bl/6J dams were orally dosed with vehicle (sesame oil) or an OPFR mixture (1 mg/kg each of tris(1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propyl)phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, and tricresyl phosphate) from gestation day 7 to postnatal day 14. After weaning, pups were fed LFD or HFD. To assess metabolism, we measured body weight and food intake weekly and determined body composition, metabolism, activity, and glucose homeostasis at 6 months of age. Although maternal OPFR exposure did not alter body weight or adiposity, OPFR exposure altered substrate utilization and energy expenditure depending on diet in both sexes. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was increased by OPFR in male offspring. OPFR exposure interacted with HFD to increase fasting glucose in females and alter glucose and insulin tolerance in male offspring. Plasma leptin was reduced in male and female offspring when fed HFD, whereas liver expression of Pepck was increased in females and Esr1 (estrogen receptor α) was increased in both sex. The physiological implications indicate maternal exposure to OPFRs programs peripheral organs including the liver and adipose tissue, in a sex‐dependent manner, thus changing the response to an obesogenic diet and altering adult offspring energy homeostasis.
Review on current limits and potentialities of technologies for biomedical ceramic scaffolds production
Authors: Marques Ana , Miranda Georgina , Silva Filipe , Pinto Paulo , Carvalho Óscar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOsseointegration is defined by a stable and functional union between bone and a surface of a material. This phenomenon is influenced by the geometric and surface characteristics of the part where the bone cells will attach. A wide variety of studies proves that ceramic materials are strong competitors against conventional metals in the scope of bone tissue engineering. Ceramic scaffolds, porous structures that allow bone ingrowth, have been studied to enhance the osseointegration phenomenon. Geometric and dimensional parameters of the scaffold have influence in its performance as mechanical and structural supporter of bone growth. However, these parameters are conditioned by the manufacturing process by which these scaffolds are obtained. Several studies focusing on the production process of ceramic scaffolds have been developed, using 3D printing, stereolithography, selective laser sintering, green machining, robocasting, and others. The main purpose of this work is to evaluate and compare the different manufacturing processes by which ceramic scaffolds can be produced. This comparison addresses scaffold parameters like pore size, pore shape, porosity percentage, roughness, and so forth. Additionally, the different materials used in different manufacturing processes are also mentioned and discussed given its influence on a successful osseointegration while simultaneously displaying adequate mechanical properties. After making a screening on the available ceramic scaffolds manufacturing processes, several examples are presented, proving the potential of each of these manufacturing process for a given scaffold geometry.
Characterization of shape memory polymer foam hemostats in in vitro hemorrhagic wound models
Authors: Christmas Nakira , Vakil Anand Utpal , Hatch Christopher J. , Dong Shi , Fikhman David , Beaman Henry T. , Monroe Mary Beth B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractShape memory polymer foam hemostats are a promising option for future hemorrhage control in battlefield wounds. To enable their use as hemostatic devices, they must be optimized in terms of formulation and architecture, and their safety and efficacy must be characterized in animal models. Relevant in vitro models can be used for device optimization to help mitigate the excess use of animals and reduce costs of clinical translation. In this work, a simplified gunshot wound model and a grade V liver injury model were constructed. The models were used to characterize the effects of shape memory polymer foam hemostat geometry on wall pressures, application/removal times, hemorrhage (fluid loss), and fluid absorption in comparison with clinical controls. It was found that there is no benefit in over‐sizing the hemostatic device relative to wound volume and that geometry effects are dependent upon the wound type. These models provide a rapid means for elucidation of promising hemostat geometries and formulations for use in future in vivo testing.
Zoledronic Acid Is Not Equally Potent on Osteoclasts Generated From Different Individuals
Authors: Møller Anaïs M J , Delaisse Jean‐Marie , Olesen Jacob B , Bechmann Troels , Madsen Jonna S , Søe Kent 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTZoledronic acid is a bisphosphonate commonly used to treat bone diseases such as osteoporosis and cancer‐induced bone disease. Patients exhibit a variable sensitivity to zoledronic acid; the underlying explanation for this remains unclear. The objective of this study was to obtain more knowledge in this regard. We hypothesized that osteoclasts generated from different individuals would show a variable sensitivity to zoledronic acid in vitro. Osteoclasts were generated using monocytes from 46 healthy female blood donors (40 to 66 years). Matured osteoclasts were reseeded onto bone slices precoated with different concentrations of zoledronic acid. IC50 values were determined based on total eroded bone surface after 3 days of resorption. The IC50 for inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption varied from 0.06 to 12.57μM zoledronic acid; thus, a more than 200‐fold difference in sensitivity to zoledronic acid among osteoclasts from different individuals was observed. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the determined IC50 correlated with smoking status, and the average number of nuclei per osteoclast in vitro. Further analyses showed that: (i) increasing protein levels of mature cathepsin K in osteoclast cultures rendered the osteoclasts less sensitive to zoledronic acid; (ii) surprisingly, neither the gene nor the protein expression of farnesyl diphosphate synthase was found to correlate with the IC50; and (iii) trench‐forming osteoclasts were found to be more sensitive to zoledronic acid than pit‐forming osteoclasts within the same cell culture. Thus, we conclude that there indeed is a high degree of variation in the potency of zoledronic acid on osteoclasts when generated from different individuals. We propose that our findings can explain some of the varying clinical efficacy of zoledronic acid therapy observed in patients, and may therefore be of clinical importance, which should be investigated in a clinical trial combining in vitro and in vivo investigations. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
MOCASSIN: Metropolis and kineticMonte Carlofor solid electrolytes
Authors: Eisele Sebastian , Grieshammer Steffen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe combination of density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations is a powerful approach for the atomistic modeling of defect transport in solid electrolytes. The present contribution introduces the MOCASSIN software (Monte Carlo for Solid State Ionics) for kinetic and Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations of crystalline materials. MOCASSIN combines model building, visualization, and simulation, aiming to provide accessible MC for end users. Developed for the investigation of solid electrolytes, MOCASSIN is ideal for screening common variation parameters, such as temperature and doping fraction. The input effort is minimized using space groups for processing symmetry. The graphical interface for model building allows complex model input, including multiple mobile species, multiple migration paths, small polaron hopping, vehicle movements, multiple complex migration mechanisms, and custom interaction clusters. The software is provided free of charge for noncommercial usage.