bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OLDER ADULTS’ OPINIONS ON DIFFERENT VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Freed Sara A , Ross Lesley A , Stavrinos Despina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Vehicle technologies have the potential to greatly improve road safety. Given normative changes in cognitive, sensory and physical functioning, older drivers may particularly benefit from such technologies. However, little research has examined older adults’ opinions of vehicle technologies, descriptive differences of individuals more likely to have positive opinions of vehicle technologies, and how their opinions may differ depending on the type of vehicle technology. The current study examined older adults’ opinions on vehicle technology in a sample of 72 adults between 65 and 85 years (M = 72.3, SD = 5.36, 48% women). Participants were asked, “How important is [parking assistance, crash avoidance systems, early collision warnings, built-in GPS] in choosing a new vehicle?” on a scale from 1 (“not at all”) to 5 (“must have”). On average, participants rated built-in GPS as the most important (M = 3.81, SD=1.10) with parking assist as the least important (M=1.86, SD=1.13). We used correlational analyses to examine the association between demographic and personality and importance ratings. Women were more likely to rate greater importance for built-in GPS than men (r=.35, p&lt;.05). Age, education, self-reported driving quality, and self-reported average weekly driving miles were not significantly associated with importance rating. In terms of personality, only higher levels of extraversion were associated with more positive ratings of early collision warning systems (r=.24, p&lt;.05). Vehicle technology design and education should take older adults’ preferences into account and consider individual differences, and future work should examine other predictors of vehicle technology preferences such as functional performance.
BASELINE DRIVING MILEAGE PREDICTS STATE-REPORTED CRASHES ACROSS 5 YEARS
Authors: Tian Junyan , Freed Sara A , Ross Lesley 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although annual driving mileage has frequently been examined as a predictor of crashes among older adults, most research used cross-sectional design and relied on self-reported crash data. This study used multivariate regression to examine the number of state reported at-fault crashes between groups of low (14,000km) self-reported annual distance over five years. Additionally, key factors of interest including age, gender, and population density were examined as predictors. The sample included 519 healthy older adults aged 65-90 (M=73.17, SD=5.56) across five sites in the United States. 12% of participants experienced a crash across five years, and among those who crashed, the majority (87%) experienced one crash (range 0-3 crashes). After controlling for age, gender and testing site, people in the high annual mileage group had a greater number of crashes compared to the low mileage group (β=.14, t(513)=2.37, p=.02). There was not a significant difference in number of prospective crashes between the low and medium group. Also, people who drove in sites with low population density had more crashes than those who in high population density sites (β=.10, t(513)=2.24, p=.03). Higher age was associated with a greater number of prospective crashes (β=.01, t(513)=3.67, p =.002); however, gender was not a significant predictor of crashes. Our results highlight the importance of examining prospective crashes over time, and taking mileage and population density into consideration. Future research should examine trajectories of driving exposure in relation to prospective crashes using multilevel modeling.
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—AGE-FRIENDLY UNIVERSITY (AFU): AGE-FRIENDLY UNIVERSITY CAMPUSES: PUTTING PRINCIPLES INTO PRACTICE
Authors: Montepare Joann M , Farah Kimberly , Ferraro Kenneth F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The pioneering Age-Friendly University (AFU) initiative, endorsed in 2016 by GSA’s Academy for Gerontology in Higher Education (AGHE), calls for institutions of higher education to respond to shifting demographics and the needs of our aging populations through more age-friendly programs, practices, and partnerships. Over 45 institutions in the United States, Canada, European countries, and beyond have joined the network and adopted the 10 AFU guiding principles. This symposium will feature leaders at AFU campuses who will discuss why their institution joined the initiative, their age-friendly campus vision, and how they are putting AFU principles into practice. AFU Washington University St. Louis leaders will describe efforts to increase age-diversity on their campus, especially through professional studies programs that support personal and career development in the second half of life. AFU University of Southern California leaders will discuss new age-friendly efforts entailing intergenerational exchange, best practices of age-friendly programming for retired employees and alumni, and emerging connections to local community aging initiatives. AFU Eastern Michigan University leaders will round out the presentation with an overview of accomplishments of their campus-wide steering committee and its age-friendly evaluation research that informed the needs and interests of older learners pursuing second careers, as well as how to actively engage emeritus faculty and staff as a retired community on campus. The discussant will provide integrating comments and age-friendly suggestions for putting AFU principles into practice.
MAKING CAMPUS GREAT AT ANY AGE: ONE UNIVERSITY’S APPROACH TO AFU PRINCIPLES
Authors: Barragan Cassandra , Barragan Cassandra , Zakrajsek Andrea 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This presentation will discuss the focused approach to putting AFU principles into practice that we accomplished with our campus-wide steering committee. We performed surveys for students over the age of 40 to learn the perspectives of older learners and what resources they felt were available on campus. By doing this, we were able to understand more about learners pursuing second careers and through a variety of initiatives at the university level, we have improved visibility of older learners and the richness they bring to our campus. We also collected data from our emeritus faculty and staff to learn how they interact with campus in retirement to understand effective ways to actively engage with them as a retired community. Overall, we have been able to effectively use the AFU Initiative to enhance inclusion and diversity to include older learners on campus and make AFU efforts more visible across campus.
GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERPLAY BETWEEN SMOKING BEHAVIOR AND COGNITION AMONG OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Pahlen Shandell , Kremen William , Reynolds Chandra A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Associations between smoking behavior and lower cognitive functioning have been observed but there is a paucity of evidence examining the etiological impact of smoking on cognition. The current study explored the moderation of genetic and environmental contributions to cognition across mid and late-adulthood by smoking behaviors in 8 twin studies from the international IGEMS consortium (N=11,764; Mage=63.1 years). Mixed effects regression models between smoking behavior and cognition found the strongest negative effects for smoking on Symbol Digit (Bpackyears=-1.42, p&lt;.0001) and Block Design (Bpackyears=-1.79, p=.0008), while controlling for dependency between twin siblings, age, sex, and country. Although the negative effects tended to be more pronounced for males, we did not find significant sex moderation. Univariate biometric models considered smoking behavior (status and pack years) and age as moderators of genetic and environmental components contributing to cognitive performance. Results for both Symbol Digit and Block Design suggest that smoking (current and past) is associated with lower genetic, and higher environmental influences on cognition compared to non-smoking. For Block Design, but not for Symbol Digit, pack years moderated shared environmental contributions, with the highest contributions found for current smokers compared to former. Overall, results illustrate an increasing saliency of smoking related environmental influences for processing speed and spatial reasoning tasks. Cognitive tasks with speed components may be sensitive to age-related declines, and speed may also represent a factor vulnerable to smoking exposure, potentially implicating important health and neurobiological pathways. Supported by NIH Grant Nos. R56 AG037985, R01 AG060470.
CARE PARTNER-ASSISTED PILOT ORAL HEALTH INTERVENTION FOR PERSONS WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Wu Bei , Plassman Brenda L , Nye Kathleen , Poole Patricia , Bunn Melanie , Xu Hanzhang , Downey Christine , Anderson Ruth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study pilot tested effectiveness of a care partner-assisted intervention on improving oral health among community-dwelling older adults with cognitive impairment. Twenty five participants (15 with mild cognitive impairment [MCI] and 10 with mild dementia) and their care partners were enrolled. Eighteen participants were randomly assigned to the treatment and 7 to the control group. The treatment group received educational materials, an electronic toothbrush, coaching on communication and goal setting, and individualized instruction on oral hygiene technique. The control group received educational materials and an electronic toothbrush. There were 3-data collection points: baseline, the end of the 3-month intervention, and 3-month after the intervention. The intervention improved participants’ oral hygiene (based on clinical measure of plaque index and gingival bleeding) for both groups; with more improvement in the treatment group. Improvement was greater for MCI than for mild dementia participants. This intervention showed promising results for a larger trial.
RECIPROCAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COGNITION AND EDENTULISM AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS IN CHINA
Authors: Lu Nan , Wu Bei , Pei Yaolin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
While empirical evidence shows that cognitive function affects oral health and vice versa, there is a lack of empirical evidence to test the reciprocal relationship between these two indicators. This study aimed to examine this relationship among middle-aged and older adults in China. Data were derived from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal study. A two-wave cross-lag analysis was adopted to test the hypothesized model. Cognitive function in 2011 was found to be a significant predictor of complete tooth loss in 2015. Furthermore, complete tooth loss in 2011 was found to be a significant predictor of cognitive cognition in 2015. This finding demonstrates the reciprocal relationship between cognitive function and oral health. This study highlights the importance of improving both cognitive health and oral health for middle-aged and older adults. Policy and intervention implications are discussed.
ORAL HEALTH AND COGNITION AMONG U.S. COMMUNITY-DWELLING CHINESE OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Petrovsky Darina V , Wu Bei , Mao Weiyu , Dong XinQi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between tooth/gums symptoms and changes in cognitive function. We used data from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago, a two-wave epidemiological study of 2,713 U.S. Chinese older adults. We selected self-reported oral (tooth and gum) symptoms as independent variables. We measured global function and three cognitive domains: episodic memory, executive function and working memory. Adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, participants who reported having teeth symptoms at baseline, experienced their global cognition and episodic memory decrease (both p&lt;0.05). Participants who reported having teeth symptoms at baseline, experienced a faster rate of decline in global cognition for every additional year. However, this effect disappeared once we adjusted for all covariates. We found no significant relationship between baseline gum symptoms and change of cognitive function. Future research directions, clinical and policy implications will be discussed.
DNA METHYLATION: CAUSE OR CONSEQUENCE OF AGING?
Authors: Levine Morgan E , Hagg Sara 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Epigenetic changes are one of the Hallmarks of Aging. DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mark that has been shown to change during aging. Several "clocks" have been developed whereby changes in DNA methylation can be used to predict chronological, and perhaps, biological age. This symposium will focus on recent advances in understanding how and why changes in DNA methylation occur during aging and whether these changes play a causal role in age-related functional declines and disease.
CUMULATIVE DISADVANTAGE OF EARLY-LIFE ADVERSITY AND HEALTH IN MIDLIFE AND LATER ADULTHOOD
Authors: Kong Jooyoung , Surachman Agus , Carr Deborah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cumulative dis/advantage (CDA) framework is one of the most influential theoretical frameworks in understanding how early adversity creates health disparities across adulthood. The CDA model posits that adverse experiences early in life may lead to subsequent adversities over time and accumulates across the life course. Various studies have shown that middle-aged and later adulthood are periods when accumulated disadvantages proliferate, resulting in heightened risks for an individual’s health and well-being. This symposium includes four presentations that build on such existing knowledge, and its primary aim was to further examine the complexity of how various types of adverse childhood experiences may influence physical and psychological health in middle and later adulthood. This symposium addresses a wide range of early adversities, including low socioeconomic status, parental maltreatment, and household dysfunctions. The four presentations also focus on examining various aspects of physical and psychological health outcomes in later adulthood, including measures of body mass index, physical functional ability, somatic symptoms, and clinical risk for rapid declines in kidney function. Furthermore, these presentations will demonstrate the utilization of innovative and robust methodological approaches, including latent class analysis, multilevel structural equation modeling, and latent growth modeling on examining the association between early life adversity on the long-term trajectory of change in health status using large-scale longitudinal data. Lastly, this symposium consists of an outstanding group of multidisciplinary presenters with diverse backgrounds who aim to enhance the understanding of the processes and mechanisms of CDA and how they affect individuals’ life courses.
EXAMINING CUMULATIVE INEQUALITY IN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHILDHOOD SES AND BMI FROM MIDLIFE TO OLD AGE
Authors: Lee Chioun , Lee Chioun , Park Soojin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES) is among the strongest determinants of body mass index (BMI). For older populations, selection bias is a large barrier to assessing cumulative disadvantages. We investigated the extent to which childhood SES affects BMI from midlife to old age and gender differences in the association. Data come from Midlife in the U.S. We used latent growth models to estimate BMI trajectory over a period of 20 years and examined results under different missing data patterns. Compared to individuals from higher childhood SES, those from lower childhood SES have higher BMI in midlife and experience a faster increase in BMI between midlife and old age. The observed associations remain significant even after controlling for midlife SES. After addressing nonrandom selection, the gap in BMI between high and low childhood SES widens from midlife to old age for women. The findings provide new evidence of cumulative inequality among older adults.
UNDERSTANDING NEEDS AND CHALLENGES OF HEALTH SELF-MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES FOR OLDER ADULTS WITH MOBILITY LIMITATIONS
Authors: Nie Qiong , Nie Qiong , Rogers Wendy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
According to the U.S. Census, about 30% of older adults live with a mobility impairment, defined as difficulty walking and/or climbing stairs. Older people with mobility limitations are at risk for decreased access to medical services and negative health outcomes. However, few studies address the healthcare needs of these individuals. We used a combination of a population-based data set and an in-depth interview study to understand the challenges these older adults experience in managing medications, accessing health information, going to healthcare provider appointments, and getting help in case of emergency. The quantitative data were from 2,828 participants in the National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The qualitative data were from 60 participants in the Aging Concerns, Challenges, and Everyday Solution Strategies (ACCESS) interview study. These data provide insights about health self-management challenges for older adults with mobility impairments and guidance for support solutions and interventions.
CHANGING NEEDS AND NEEDS ASSESSMENT IN THE TRANSITION BETWEEN DISABILITY AND OLD AGE
Authors: Rostgaard Tine , Graff Lea 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As our societies age, we see more people with disabilities living well into old age. However, there are different societal, systemic and individual assumptions about needs, rights and obligations associated with frail older people and people with disabilities. The paper presents quantitative results from a Danish study investigating what challenges ageing of society pose for the individual as well as for the welfare state in regards to meeting the needs of those who either age into disability or age with disability. Using panel data from the Danish Level of Living Survey from 1997-2017, we investigate how ADL related needs for care have changed for the 52+ year olds and we project how needs will change in the near future. Finally, we show how different systemic approaches to need assessment for those under or above 65, but with otherwise identical and socio-economic backgrounds, result in a very different service utility.
THE BALTIMORE LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGING: OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH ON WOMEN'S AGING AND HEALTH
Authors: Simonsick Eleanor M , Simonsick Eleanor , Moore Ann Z , Shardell Michelle , Shaffer Nancy C , Tanaka Toshiko 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), an ongoing continuous enrollment cohort study of normative aging established in 1958 currently conducted by the NIA Intramural Research Program, began including women in 1978. To date, nearly 1200 women aged 17-94 at enrollment (median=53 Q1-Q3=40-70) have been followed for up to 21 visits spanning 40 years (median visits=6; Q1-Q3=3-9). Over 3 days, participants receive comprehensive examinations, interviews, imaging and functional and cognitive evaluations; repeat visits occur every 1-4 years depending on age. The BLSA offers opportunities to examine distributions of, change in and interrelationships among several rarely concurrently ascertained parameters (e.g., cardiovascular fitness, resting metabolic rate, glucose challenge response, five-factor personality, brain volumes, and diet) over the life course and across birth cohorts. The BLSA also maintains an extensive biorepository. This talk will summarize the extensive measurement catalogue and timeline and provide illustrative examples from ongoing research on women’s aging and health.
GIFT: GRANDMOTHER INITIATIVES IN FAMILY TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Musil Carol M , Zauszniewski Jaclene , Jeanblanc Alexandra , Wallace McKenzie , Henrich Christina , Burant Chris , Tracy Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Little research has been conducted on the development and testing of interventions to support grandmothers during their caregiving experience. Our descriptive and pilot intervention studies provide the foundation for converting a face-to-face resourcefulness intervention into an NIH-funded self-administered, online intervention for grandmother caregivers, to determine its impact on individual health and family well-being. The online intervention provides personal and social resourcefulness training using online video content and structured reflective journaling to reinforce resourcefulness skills compared to reflective journaling. We are testing the resourcefulness intervention in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) with a national sample of 334 grandmothers living with/raising grandchildren, comparing the resourcefulness training protocol vs. unstructured journaling alone. Given the limited interventions available to grandmother caregivers, an intervention that transcends time and place and is available 24 hours a day is expected to bolster the personal and social resourcefulness, which will in turn affect individual and family outcomes.
THE USE OF SOLUTION-ORIENTED STRATEGIES TO SUPPORT GRANDPARENTS RAISING GRANDCHILDREN
Authors: Montoro-Rodriguez Julian , Hayslip Bert , Ramsey Jennifer , Jooste Jane l 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is consistent evidence that caregiving for grandchildren is psychologically, emotionally and physically challenging for grandparents. However, many of them may not be able to receive the support they need from their own families or public services. Using the Selective Optimization with Compensation framework and principles of solution-oriented cognitive models, we implemented a six-week session pilot program to increase grandparents’ effective coping strategies, reduce stress, and improve parenting and communication with grandchildren. Preliminary data from 22 grandparents suggest that participants improved their use of effective selection strategies to set priorities and pursue goals related to their wellbeing and the quality of their relationship with grandchildren. Their pre-post test scores also indicated a higher level of parental efficacy, social relations and confidence in organizing their time and priorities. Results indicate that focusing on solution-oriented strategies may empower grandparents to improve their psychological adjustment and take care of their needs.
THE DIAL-UP BLUES: OPINIONS ON TELE-HEALTH AND BROADBAND AMONG RURAL RESIDENTS
Authors: Cozad Aisha Bonner 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Findings from several AARP telephone studies on Caregiving and telehealth will be presented. Starting in 2017, AARP began collecting data on telehealth issues in the caregiving studies. As the amount of data began to grow, patterns of telehealth use began to emerge. Using a sample of 1,000 respondent’s age 45-plus, the data shows respondents are generally supportive of the telehealth. Telehealth activities are often billed as a way to reduce healthcare cost and to provide much needed healthcare to geographically isolated populations particularly those residing in rural areas. A key component to accessing telehealth services is having access to adequate broadband which can be challenging in rural communities. Data shows that older adults (65+) are less likely to be very interested in telehealth services. Research finds that those employed, women and AARP members are all more likely to be very interested in using the telehealth services.