bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Operational Calculus of the Quantum Statistical Fermi–Dirac and Bose–Einstein Functions Leading to the Novel Fractional Kinetic Equations
Authors: Tassaddiq Asifa , Cattani Carlo , Alharbi Rabab , Kasmani Ruhaila Md , Qureshi Sania 
Published: December 2024

The sun is a fundamental element of the natural environment, and kinetic equations are crucial mathematical models for determining how quickly the chemical composition of a star like the sun is changing. Taking motivation from these facts, we develop and solve a novel fractional kinetic equation containing Fermi–Dirac (FD) and Bose–Einstein (BE) functions. Several distributional properties of these functions and their proposed new generalizations are investigated in this article. In fact, it is proved that these functions belong to distribution space D′ while their Fourier transforms belong to Z′. Fourier and Laplace transforms of these functions are computed by using their distributional representation. Thanks to them, we can compute various new fractional calculus formulae and a new relation involving the Fox–Wright function. Some fractional kinetic equations containing the FD and BE functions are also formulated and solved.
الدور السياسي للإيزيديين في العراق
Authors: Maki Dina Hatif 
Published: December 2024

الأهداف: يهدف البحث لمعرفة أسباب تراجع دور الإيزيديين السياسي في العراق رغم كونهم جزء من المجتمع العراقي بحيث أضحوا كمجتمع منسي لولا اجتياح تنظيم داعش لمناطقهم، وأدى ذلك إلى تسليط الضوء على وجودهم، وبالتالي ضرورة معرفة كيفية إمكانية تجاوز هذا التراجع.
المنهجية :تم استخدام المنهج التاريخي في تتبع وجود الإيزيديين في البلد عبر الزمن، والمنهج التحليلي في معرفة أسباب تراجع دورهم السياسي في ظل المتغيرات التي مر بها البلد .
النتائج : توصل البحث إلى أنه من أجل أن يكون الإيزيديين عنصرا فاعلا ومشاركا سياسياً لابد من أن يشعروا بالانتماء إلى الدولة، فهم رغم الاعتراف بها قانوناً إلا أنه نظراً لموقع تواجدهم الجغرافي الحرج بالقرب من إقليم كردستان ،الذي يدعي انتماء الإيزيديين إليه كأكراد، وبالتالي لابد أن يكونوا جزءا منه، جعلهم يعانون من سياسات النظام في مواجهة الأكراد قبل 2003 وعانوا بعد هذا التاريخ من الصراع بين الحكومة الاتحادية وحكومة الإقليم فكل منهما يدعي عائدية مناطقهم إليه مما أثرعلى وضع الإيزيديين، ومع أول مواجهة حقيقية مع تنظيم داعش وانسحب الطرفان، وترك الإيزيديين في مواجهتهم دون أي سلاح الأمر الذي دفعهم للتفكير جدياً في مستقبلهم .
الخلاصة :لابد من إجراء تغييرات في القانون والسياسة العراقية من أجل حفظ حقوق الإيزيديين، واتخاذ إجراءات فعلية لوضع القوانين موضع التطبيق، وإعطاء الإيزيديين مزيدا من الفرص للمشاركة السياسية في مناطق تواجدهم كي يستطيعوا تمثيل أنفسهم وتحقيق مصالحهم، ولابد من إشعارهم بالأمان وتجهيز قواتهم المحلية بالأسلحة والتدريب الكافيين كي يساهموا في حماية أنفسهم، وقبل كل هذا لابد من حل الصراع مع إقليم كردستان حول ادعاء كل منهما بعائدية مناطقهم إليه؛ لأن هذا سبب كبير لمشاكل الإيزيديين.
The Relationship of Dental Malformation with Bullying and the Level of Self-Esteem among a Sample of Adolescents in Amman– Jordan
Authors: Smadi Entisar Yosef , Smadi Rania Jamil 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: Dental deformities are associated with an unacceptable appearance and subsequent psychological effects. This is what the research found through work, and therefore they sought to identify the impact of this on the occurrence of bullying and the level of self-esteem.
Methods: The study sample included108 teenagers aged between 12-20 years who suffer from dental deformities, to identify the extent of their exposure to bullying, and to study the effect of this on their level of self-esteem. The sample was taken from the orthodontic clinic affiliated with the Royal Medical Services. The study scale consisted of two parts, one to measure bullying and the other to measure self-esteem applied to a sample of patients. The descriptive correlational method was used to achieve the purposes of the study.
Results: The results of the statistical analysis showed that adolescents who suffer from dental malformation are subjected to bullying, and they suffer from low self-esteem, the statistical analysis did not show statistically significant difference for the gender variable or the type of dental distortion in bullying or self-esteem.
Conclusions: As a result of the study sample suffering from dental deformities and its impact on their low level of self-esteem and their exposure to bullying, they need to obtain psychological counseling services that contribute to improving their level of self-esteem and raising the efficiency of their ability to self-assertive.
The basic monochromatic photovoltaic properties of a photodiode for laser power conversion
Authors: Hanakuma Ryota , Asahi Shigeo , Harada Yukihiro , Kita Takashi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We studied the photovoltaic properties of a conventional silicon photodiode under monochromatic illumination conditions to clarify the loss mechanisms that are important for application as a laser power converter. While the short-circuit current increases linearly with the excitation power, the power dependence of the open-circuit voltage consists of two regions with different slopes as a result of the Joule heating. At higher excitation power densities, thermal effects play a key role in the current–voltage characteristics, and therefore the maximum conversion efficiency is achieved at a certain excitation-power density. Furthermore, the optimum excitation wavelength shifts towards longer wavelengths as the excitation power density increases, because the optimum value is determined by a trade-off between the optical absorption strength and the excitation power density.
Free electron mobility limited by fixed charges and trapped electrons in 4H-SiC(11

2
¯

0) and (1

1
¯

00) MOSFETs annealed in NO
Authors: Ito Koji , Tanaka Hajime , Horita Masahiro , Suda Jun , Kimoto Tsunenobu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The impact of Coulomb scattering by fixed charges and trapped electrons on the free electron mobility (μ
free) of SiC(11

2
¯

0) and (1

1
¯

00) MOSFETs annealed in NO was quantitatively discussed through numerical calculations. The fixed charge density for MOSFETs on (11

2
¯

0) and (1

1
¯

00) annealed in NO was estimated to be 1.0 × 1013 cm−2, which is four times higher than that for (0001) MOSFETs previously reported. Calculation of μ
free can well reproduce the experimental Hall mobilities for all MOSFETs on (11

2
¯

0) and (1

1
¯

00) within the wide range of effective normal field (0.08 MV cm−1 ≤ E
eff ≤ 0.78 MV cm−1).
Tunneling magnetoresistance and spin-orbit torque magnetization switching in ferrimagnetic Gd-Fe-Co based magnetic tunnel junction
Authors: Yunokizaki M. , Hibino Y. , Idzuchi H. , Tsai H. , Ishibashi M. , Miwa S. , Hayashi M. , Nakatsuji S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Spin–orbit torque magnetization switching is studied in three-terminal magnetic tunnel junctions with a ferrimagnetic Gd-Fe-Co free layer. Pt is used as a spin current generation layer and a Co-Fe-B synthetic antiferromagnet is used as the reference layer. A thin Fe-B layer is inserted between the Gd-Fe-Co free layer and the MgO barrier. The thickness of the Fe-B layer is varied from 4 to 12 Å. We find the tunnel magnetoresistance ratio increases with increasing Fe-B layer thickness until it saturates at ∼14%, while the current density needed to reverse the magnetization of the Gd-Fe-Co/Fe-B layer via spin–orbit torque remains almost unchanged. The results highlight the effectiveness of the thin Fe-B layer in obtaining sizable tunneling magnetoresistance and efficient spin–orbit-torque switching.
Influence of varietal characteristics on the quality of cherry juices
Authors: Salina Elena S. , Alekseenko Elena V. , Levgerova Nadezhda S. 
Published: December 2024

Background. Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is one of the most widespread industrial stone crops in the world. The high juice content, the delicate structure of the pulp and the limited harvest period make juice production a priority for cherry processing. Varietal characteristics of fruit and berry raw materials have a significant impact on the sensory properties of juices produced from them and their nutritional value. Purpose. The purpose of the research is to establish the influence of varietal characteristics of fruits on the quality of cherry juices. The results of a comparative study of the quality of cherry juices from four varieties of VNIISPK selection suitable for industrial commercial use are presented: Grechanka, ELS 5-7-60, 49667, 84735.Methods and Materials. The evaluation of the organoleptic qualities of juices was carried out and the main biochemical parameters were investigated. Sensory profiles of juices and their relation to varietal characteristics have been studied. Results. It is shown that the sensory qualities of monosort cherry juices, such as the feeling of acid and sweetness, the softness of taste (the absence of sharp acid in the taste), transparency and density largely depend on the characteristics of the variety. The juices of all the studied varietals had a bright saturated color typical for cherries, from dark ruby to red ruby. The exception is the juice from the fruits of ELS 5-7-60, in the color of which there were brownish tones. According to the taste qualities, juices with a rich taste were distinguished – ELS 5-7-60 (sweet), Greek and ELS 84735 (sour). All the juices had a pleasant, typical cherry flavor with an almond note. It was shown that the sugars and polyphenolic substances present in the juices had the greatest effect on taste (from biochemical parameters). Conclusions. The data of other researchers on the positive correlation of the content of polyphenolic substances with astringency have been confirmed. The influence of varietal characteristics on the preservation of catechins and anthocyanins in juice has been established. Among the studied varieties and forms, fruits of the hybrid form ELS 5-7-60, characterized by a rich sweet taste, are of great interest for juice production, primarily direct-pressed juice.
Substantiation of the selection of functional ingredients in the formulation of mixtures for enteral nutrition, providing biological efficacy and physiological effect
Authors: Smirnov Stanislav O. , Fazullina Oliya F. , Danilkin Alexey Yu. , Bakumenko Olesya E. , Kandrokov Roman Kh. 
Published: December 2024

Background. In this overview of the subject field, scientific literature sources (from 1992 to 2023) devoted to the results of studying the organization and state of the actual nutrition of patients undergoing inpatient treatment in medical institutions are analyzed.Purpose. Substantiation of the selection of functional ingredients in the formulation of mixtures for enteral nutrition, providing biological efficacy and physiological effect due to the intended purpose.Materials and Methods. This review of the subject field was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR protocol. The search for sources on the topic of interest was carried out in the databases Scopus, PubMed, as well as in the electronic library eLibrary. The review uses scientific publications of domestic and foreign scientists on nutritional support, medical and technical requirements for enriched products intended for inclusion in the diet of patients.Results. 7393 publications were selected. 59 met the criteria for inclusion in the review. As a result of the analysis of the selected publications, medical and technical requirements for enteral nutrition products are formulated.Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the need to assess the clinical and economic effectiveness of nutritional support based on the principles of metabolic adequacy and clinical expediency. The technology of production of a specialized food product for patients in need of therapeutic nutrition should provide for highly efficient technological processes that preserve the nutritional value of the raw materials as much as possible and ensure a high sanitary and hygienic level of production. A comprehensive analysis of the organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the new product is required, as well as conducting clinical trials confirming its functional properties. In connection with the above, it is relevant to conduct research on the development of a formulation and technology of an enriched product for the nutrition of patients with numerous injuries, injuries and diseases of the bone system, burns.
Chitosan Films: Modification, Use and Fictionalization with Electrochemically Activated Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Suvorov Oleg A. , Ipatova Larisa G. , Pogorelova Maria A. , Pesotskaya Darya A. , Safonov Maxim S. , Pogorelov Alexander G. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Prolongation of the shelf life of food products is an urgent issue of the food industry. This review of the subject field analyzes the scientific sources of published works on ways to change the properties of polysaccharides (from 2013 to 2023) in order to use them in the field of food packaging production.Purpose: The aim of the work is to analyze the methods of modification of polysaccharides, the creation of biodegradable protective films, the use of such films, including in combination with the treatment of their surface with an electrochemically activated aqueous solution (ECAS).Materials and Methods: The review includes scientific publications of Russian and foreign authors on the extension of the shelf life of food products using biodegradable protective films made of chitosan. The paper systematizes articles that were published in 2013–2023 in publications included in the Scopus and RSCI databases.Results: Methods of directional change in the properties of polysaccharides, new types of films based on chitosan with the addition of various components, as well as the results of treatment of the film surface with an electrochemically activated aqueous solution are considered. This review will be useful in the development of food storage methods using packaging based on modified polysaccharides in combination with other protective equipment.Conclusions: The review systematizes materials published over the past 10 years, which are aimed at developing ways to improve the properties of polysaccharide-based films. Analysis of the results shows that chitosan is already used for the manufacture of safe and biodegradable packaging. Such packaging becomes much more effective with the combined effect of physical or chemical means of disinfecting the surface of food products. Among them, perhaps the most promising is the additional treatment with the metastable fraction of ECAS, which simultaneously disinfects the surface of food products and increases their shelf life, without affecting the quality and organoleptic characteristics.
Development of a Bread Production Recipe Using Wild-Growing Raw Materials
Authors: Razhina Eva , Kazantseva Ekaterina , Sharavyev Pavel , Neverova Olga , Lopaeva Nadezhda 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Wild-growing raw materials are increasingly utilized to fortify functional food products. Common heather, which contains biologically active compounds, can significantly enhance the functionality of bread, yet it has not been extensively used as a functional additive.Purpose: To develop a production formulation and evaluate the quality of bread using common heather.Materials and Methods: The research was conducted at the Department of Biotechnology and Food Products at the Ural State Agrarian University. The study involved samples of wheat bread enriched with varying concentrations of heather powder. Bread production followed the sourdough method using the test laboratory baking method. Quality control of the finished products was performed based on organoleptic and physicochemical parameters. Acidity was measured by the arbitration method according to GOST 5670-96, porosity according to GOST 5669-96, and humidity according to GOST 21094-75. The specific volume of four bread samples was determined. All studies were performed in triplicate. Bread production involved several stages: preparation of raw materials, dough preparation, kneading, fermentation, folding, shaping, proofing, baking, and cooling.Results: Four samples of bread were produced, three of which were enriched with ordinary heather powder. Quality control of the finished products was based on organoleptic and physicochemical parameters. The organoleptic assessment showed that the quality indicators were influenced by the concentration of the additive. Bread sample No. 2, which contained 2 g of heather powder, exhibited the best organoleptic characteristics, featuring a light sweet taste, well-baked crumb, uniform pores, and a characteristic smell. The highest values of humidity and acidity were observed in sample No. 4, which had the maximum concentration of the additive—4 g. Prototype No. 2 was recognized as the best in terms of porosity.Conclusion: The incorporation of ordinary heather powder in bread production influenced both organoleptic and physicochemical quality indicators. It is recommended to use heather powder at a concentration of 2 g to enrich bread effectively.
The lifetime publications of Panas Myrny's works on the pages periodicals of the late 19th and early 20th centuries
Authors: Shumilova Anzhela , Sinelnyk Karolina 
Published: December 2024

The article reflects the significant contribution of Panas Myrny to the development of Ukrainian literature and the elevation of the Ukrainian language. The range of periodicals containing the writer's works during his lifetime and memorial articles (obituaries) dedicated to him is characterized. The issue of publishing the works of an outstanding Ukrainian novelist and dramatist is considered. The state of bibliographic provision of this issue is determined. The purpose of the article is to research the periodicals of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, to reveal the informational potential of lifetime publications of the works of the talented Ukrainian writer and translator Panas Yakovych Rudchenko (Myrny). Trace the fact of confrontation between Ukrainian and Russian cultures. The research methodology is based on the application of biographical, chronological, source studies (analysis of literary-critical, journalistic sources) methods, synthesis of information, as well as the empirical method of description and modeling. The scientific novelty consists in a comprehensive study, generalization, and presentation of in-depth information about a range of periodicals, the pages of which reflect the life path of Panas Myrny and his work during the time of the royal autocracy. Attention is focused on the cooperation of Ukrainian writers, the significance of the work of Panas Myrny is emphasized. Conclusions. The analysis of the research of the sources that contain information about the writer, the publication of his works, gives reason to talk about the need to prepare a new personal bio-bibliographic index.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПЕР- И ПОЛИФТОРАЛКИЛЬНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ОХРАНЫ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
Authors: Потапов И.И. , Захарова М.М. 
Published: December 2024

Данный обзор составлен на основе отбора и изучения данных научных статей и обзоров зарубежных ученых и специалистов ряда стран мира в соответствии с выполнением планов научной деятельности ВИНИТИ РАН. Освещаются проблемы распространения, методы обнаружения и обезвреживания пер- и полифторалкильных соединений.
This review is based on the selection and study of data from scientific articles and reviews of foreign scientists and specialists from a number of countries in accordance with the implementation of the research plans of VINITI RAS. The problems of distribution, methods of detection and neutralization of per- and polyfluoroalkyl compounds are covered.
КРИТЕРИИ ОЦЕНКИ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РАБОТЫ ЦЕПЕЙ ПОСТАВОК
Authors: Ларин Олег Николаевич , Капский Денис Васильевич , Матосов Михаил Викторович , Моононхуу Цогт 
Published: December 2024

Представлены результаты анализа современных подходов к оценке эффективности работы цепочек поставок. Предложены критерии оценки, отражающие такие системные свойства цепочек поставок как отказоустойчивость и экономичность их работы. Критерий устойчивости рекомендуется использовать с учетом конкретных условий ведения логистической деятельности. Получение сведений в режиме реального времени о достигнутых результатах работы цепочек поставок возможно за счёт применения цифровых технологий, которые также являются важным средством повышения операционной эффективности транспортнологистических бизнес-процессов. Поэтому рекомендуется в составе критериев оценки эффективности работы цепочек поставок также учитывать достигнутый уровень «цифровой» зрелости их участников.
The article presents the results of an analysis of modern approaches to assessing the performance of supply chains. Evaluation criteria are proposed that reflect such systemic properties of supply chains as resilient and costeffectiveness of their operation. It is recommended to use the sustainability criterion taking into account the specific conditions of logistics activities. Obtaining real-time information about the achieved results of supply chain operations is possible through the use of digital technologies, which are also an important means of increasing the operational efficiency of transport and logistics business processes. Therefore, it is recommended that the criteria for assessing the performance of supply chains also take into account the achieved level of digital maturity of their participants.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И РАЗРАБОТКИ В СФЕРЕ АВТОМОБИЛЬНОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. ЧАСТЬ 1. АККУМУЛЯТОРНЫЕ БАТАРЕИ
Authors: Грушников Виктор Александрович 
Published: December 2024

В бортовой электрической сети автомобильных колесных транспортных средств как с традиционным, так и с гибридным, а тем более с чисто электрическим приводом, одним из ключевых агрегатов энергосистемы являются аккумуляторные батареи, от энергоемкости и сохранения эксплуатационных свойств которых в значительной степени зависит, по крайней мере, запас хода, а по сути - автономность и эксплуатационная безопасность.
In the on-board electrical network of automobile wheeled vehicles, both with traditional and hybrid, and even more so with a purely electric drive, one of the key units of the energy system is batteries, on the energy intensity and preservation of operational properties of which at least the reserve largely depends progress, and in essence autonomy and operational safety.
МЕТРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОЦЕНКИ СООТВЕТСТВИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ СРЕДСТВ ТРЕБОВАНИЯМ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: Блянкинштейн Игорь Михайлоич 
Published: December 2024

Рассматриваются метрологические проблемы при оценке соответствия транспортных средств и транспортно-технологических машин требованиям безопасности. В техническом описании к утверждению типа телескопической нивелирной рейки RGK TS даны допуски на отклонения их отдельных параметров, но общая инструментальная погрешность не установлена. Отсутствует также правило учета влияния отдельных составляющих на общую оценку погрешности измерений, что не позволяет проводить оценку неопределенности результатов измерений при оценке соответствия транспортных средств и машин требованиям безопасности. Автором решается задача определения общей инструментальной погрешности на основе положений национального стандарта ГОСТ Р 8.736-2011, путем установления границ не исключённой систематической погрешности с доверительной вероятностью 95%.
Metrological problems are considered in assessing the compliance of vehicles and transport and technological machines with safety requirements. In the technical description for the approval of the RGK TS telescopic leveling rail type, tolerances for deviations of their individual parameters are given, but the overall instrumental error has not been established. There is also no rule for taking into account the influence of individual components on the overall assessment of measurement error, which does not allow for an assessment of the uncertainty of measurement results when assessing the compliance of vehicles and machines with safety requirements. The author solves the problem of determining the total instrumental error based on the provisions of the national standard GOST R 8.736-2011, by establishing the boundaries of a systematic error that has not been excluded with a confidence probability of 95%.