bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between health care utilization and musculoskeletal pain. A 21-year follow-up of a population cohort
Authors: Emilson Christina , Åsenlöf Pernilla , Demmelmaier Ingrid , Bergman Stefan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background and aims
Few studies have reported the long-term impact of chronic pain on health care utilization. The primary aim of this study was to investigate if chronic musculoskeletal pain was associated with health care utilization in the general population in a 21-year follow-up of a longitudinal cohort. The secondary aim was to identify and describe factors that characterize different long-term trajectories of health care utilization.

Methods
A prospective cohort design with a baseline sample of 2,425 subjects (aged 20–74). Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires, and three time points (1995, 2007, and 2016) were included in the present 21-year follow up study. Data on health care utilization were dichotomized at each time point to either high or low health care utilization. High utilization was defined as >5 consultations with at least one health care provider, or ≥1 consultation with at least 3 different health care providers during the last 12 months. Low health care utilization was defined as ≤5 consultations with one health care provider and <3 consultations with different health care providers. The associations between baseline variables and health care utilization in 2016 were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Five different trajectories for health care utilization were identified by visual analysis, whereof four of clinical relevance were included in the analyses.

Results
Baseline predictors for high health care utilization at the 21-year follow-up in 2016 were chronic widespread pain (OR: 3.2, CI: 1.9–5.1), chronic regional pain (OR:1.8, CI: 1.2–2.6), female gender (OR: 2.0, CI: 1.4–3.0), and high age (OR: 1.6, CI:0.9–2.9). A stable high health care utilization trajectory group was characterized by high levels of health care utilization, and a high prevalence of chronic pain at baseline and female gender (n = 23). A stable low health care utilization trajectory group (n = 744) was characterized by low health care utilization, and low prevalence of chronic pain at baseline. The two remaining trajectories were: increasing trajectory group (n = 108), characterized by increasing health care utilization, chronic pain at baseline and female gender, and decreasing trajectory group (n = 107) characterized by decreasing health care utilization despite a stable high prevalence of chronic pain over time.

Conclusions
The results suggest that chronic pain is related to long-term health care utilization in the general population. Stable high health care utilization was identified among a group characterized by female gender and a report of chronic widespread pain.

Implications
This cohort study revealed that chronic widespread pain predicted high health care utilization over a 21-year follow-up period. The results indicate the importance of early identification of musculoskeletal pain to improve the management of pain in the long run.
Narrating the ‘Liberation of Kosovo’ in Switzerland . Transnational Strategies of Boundary-Making
Authors: Farquet Romaine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Albanian-speaking migrants in Switzerland mobilized massively on behalf of the national cause in Kosovo in the 1990s. Despite this strong engagement with their homeland, however, some have felt forgotten and have been offended by negative stereotypes in Kosovo itself since the war ended in 1999. Taking a boundary-making approach, the author analyses the ways in which Albanian-speaking former activists in Switzerland have responded to their unfavourable standing, and how they have sought to improve their transnational position. She shows how former activists tend to choose between one of two narratives to describe their place in their societies of origin and settlement: either they yearn to be a part of the ‘Albanian nation’ as imagined in Kosovo; or they adopt a new model of what it is to be ‘Albanian’ in Switzerland.
Fire resistance properties of some selected tropical timber species from South-western Nigeria after fire exposure
Authors: Adetayo Oluwaseun Adedapo , Dahunsi Bamidele Ibukunolu Olugbemi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The research investigated changes in post fire density and strength properties of Nigerian wood species used for construction. The selected species are: Terminalia superba (Afara), Milicia excels (Iroko), Nauclea diderrichii (Opepe), Khaya ivorensis (Mahogany), Mansonia altissima (Mansonia), Tectona grandis (Teak). Densities and strength properties of the species were determined at Moisture Contents (MC) of 9.0, 12.0, and 15.0%. Species were exposed to fire at various temperature ranges. The results revealed that at 9, 12 and 15%MC, Opepe had the highest density values of 630±28.85kg/m³, 686±22.64kg/m³ and 752±17.22 kg/m³ respectively. At 9%MC, Mahogany had the lowest density (439±10.58kg/m³) while at 12 and 15%MC, Afara had the lowest density values of 444±4.18kg/m³ and 469±7.07kg/m³ respectively. Post fire exposure revealed that Afara had the highest percentage loss in density 29.2% and strength properties, while both Iroko and Mahogany exhibited the lowest percentage loss in both density and strength properties.
Theoretical background of ideal glazing based on adaptive thermal-optical parameters
Authors: Bizoňová Silvia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The theoretical overview serves as a basis for the design of a separate adaptive glass system. An overview of current directions is processed, which reflects the actual user requirements in relation to the thermal comfort. The concept is based on knowledge and practical experience in the field of progressive glass systems today. It uses formulated shortcomings as a tool for their elimination in the further development of the future concept. It is based on the customization of the glass system as a means of achieving the optimal temperature state of the indoor environment in order to eliminate the additional need for cooling and heat for heating buildings.
ɸ-agreement within Construct State in Jordanian Arabic
Authors: Jarrah Marwan , Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman M. , Al-Rasheedi Eisa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper shows that the head noun of the Construct Statemayɸ-agree (in Number and Gender) with the accompanying DP associate in Jordanian Arabic. When it occurs, this agreement is, however, only invoked when the DP associate is referential (e.g.,galam ʔil-walad‘the boy’s pen’>galamuhiʔil-waladi, butbarbiiʃ ʔil-ʁaaz‘the gas pipe’>*barbiiʃ-uhiʔil-ʁaazi). The paper provides a syntactic account of this observation which clearly demonstrates that Construct States do not constitute a homogenous group. We specifically argue that the head D° of the Construct State is endowed with a bundle of uninterpretable, unvalued ɸ-features which are valued via Agree by the DP associate of the Construct State. The outcome of this valuation, when it occurs, may surface as an inflectional suffix that appears on the head noun occupying this position, i.e. D°, in PF. For why D°-related uninterpretable ɸ-features are only valued by referential DPs, we propose that this follows from the assumption that such DPs carry a [person] feature, hence ɸ-complete, unlike nonreferential DPs which lack a [person] feature, and hence ɸ-incomplete. ɸ-incompleteness makes non-referential DPs incapable of valuing uninterpretable ɸ-features carried by c-commanding heads in Jordanian Arabic.
Language teachers’ narratives of professional experience in online class discussions
Authors: Warren Amber N. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLanguage teachers’ narratives of professional and personal experience have been shown to support sense-making, problem-solving, and the forging of personal connections, as well as to aid in developing their identities as language teachers. As language teacher education increasingly moves online, examining how teacher-learners engage in the sharing of professional experiences through narratives in these spaces is of paramount importance. This paper traces narratives of professional experience across 1,089 discussion posts shared by 10 Master’s students throughout one graduate-level online course, analyzing participants’ forum discussions to understand the functions of these narratives for the teacher-learners engaged in the course. Findings demonstrate how narratives of professional experience served to warrant individuals’ claims about topics related to multilingual writing pedagogy and teaching multilingual learners in general, positioning them as competent experts, often by presenting narrative events as something experienced time and again. Finally, this study considers how narratives of professional experience produce and reproduce a particular view of teachers’ role in educating language learners, collaboratively building on one another to preclude alternative stances, even when making potentially controversial claims.
‘Please make your verdict speak the truth’: Insights from an Appraisal analysis of the closing arguments from a rape trial
Authors: Bartley Leanne Victoria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt is common knowledge that language use inside the courtroom is an effective tool of persuasion; thus, even in cases where evidence is unreliable, men and women have found themselves facing charges, standing trial and, in the worst case scenario, wrongfully convicted of a crime. In this paper I examine one such case, in which a young American finds himself accused and, later, imprisoned for the rape of a minor, despite evidence to suggest otherwise. The case is taken from a database set up byThe Innocence Project, a non-profit organisation comprising a team of volunteers working towards proving the innocence of over 200 individuals currently serving time for a crime that they insist they did not commit. More specifically, my analytical focus is on the closing arguments of the selected case for the purposes of acquiring insights into how the attorneys for each side make particular language choices in a final attempt to maximise the credibility of their version of events. To reveal how the defendant and the victim are portrayed by each of the lawyers and, moreover, whose feelings and/or character traits are brought to the forefront, an Appraisal analysis is carried out on the dataset.
Purification and characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Eisenia fetida and effects of some pesticides and metal ions
Authors: Kayhan Naciye , Çomaklı Veysel , Adem Sevki , Güler Caglar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Earthworms have a large impact on the soil ecosystem. They are quite sensitive to pollutants. Purification and biochemical characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases (G6PD) from the earthworm species Eisenia fetida were aimed. The determination of the toxicity potentials of some soil pollutants on G6PD activity was intended.

Methods
G6PD was isolated using 2′,5′-ADP-Sepharose 4B affinity column. Enzyme purity and molecular mass were determined by SDS-PAGE. Its biochemical properties investigated. The effects of some soil pollutants on the enzyme were studied in vitro.

Results
Enzyme was purified with 28% yields and 232 fold. Optimum pH and buffer concentration, optimal and stable temperature was determined as pH: 8.5, 60 mM, 25 °C and 20 °C. Its molecular weight estimated as 36 kDa. The Ni2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Cr2+, and Fe2+ ions with IC50 values in the range of 56 ± 06−120 ± 20 μM and the diniconazole, metalaxyl, methomyl, carboxyl, and oxamyl with IC50 values in the range of 7.6 ± 1.2−77 ± 12 μM exhibited an inhibitory effect on G6PD.

Conclusions
G6PD was isolated and characterized from E. fetida. Its catalytic activity decreased with very low concentration by pesticides and metal ions. The results indicated that the inhibition of G6PD may be important in the toxicity mechanism of pollutants on this earthworm.
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene inhibition via 3-Deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) in human liver cells and it is relation with fibrosis
Authors: Özel Merve , Güven İlker , Kilic Eser , Dundar Munis , Baskol Gulden 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Hepatic fibrosis is a complex and dynamic process, such as “wound healing”. The effect of 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep) via enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibition on transforming growth factor, matrix metalloproteinases 2-9 (MMP2, MMP9) and matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor 3 (TIMP3), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen 1A1(COL1A1), and collagen 3A1 (COL3A1) genes/proteins in human hepatic stellate cell line were examined. Inhibition effect of EZH2 on colony formation and migration were investigated.

Methods
5 μM DZNep was treated to LX2 cells for 3 days. Real time PCR and Western blot method were used for analyses.

Results
DZNep was shown to reduce colony formation and migration. It increased the α-SMA only in gene expression level but decreased at the protein levels. It down-regulated both gene expression and protein levels of EZH2, while up-regulated gene expression and protein levels of TGF-β. DZNep induced gene expression and protein levels of MMP2 and TIMP3. However, DZNep induced COL1A1 and COL3A1 gene expression levels but reduced protein levels only in COL3A1 but not COL1A1.

Conclusion
DZNep has a positive anti-fibrotic effect by reducing α-SMA and COL3A1 protein levels in the LX2 cell line, however, we have found that DZNep may also has fibrotic effect because it increases TGF-β both expression and protein levels.
Blade Number Selection for a Splittered Mixed-Flow Compressor Impeller Using Improved Loss Model
Authors: Xiang Hang , Chen Jiang , Cheng Jinxin , Song Xiancheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
An improved mean streamline loss model for splittered centrifugal/mixed-flow compressor impellers is presented. One-dimensional model predictions, CFD simulations and experimental results for Krain impeller are compared to confirm the model validity. A new description for the interaction between blade number and splitter blade length of a splittered mixed-flow compressor impeller with high hub/tip ratio is discussed and formulized. The optimal principal blade number and optimal splitter blade length corresponding to maximum impeller efficiency are selected by the new formulas studied. The results indicate that the improved model and new formulas have reasonable prediction effects for the impeller efficiency and the selection of blade number and splitter blade length. Blade height/pitch ratio can also be adopted as a selection reference especially for high hub/tip impellers. Effective blade number or equivalent solidity is only suitable for evaluating load capacity rather than efficiency in impeller design processes.
Protective role of maize purple plant pigment against oxidativestress in fluorosis rat brain
Authors: Li Boyan , Varkani Keyana Nozzari , Sun Lu , Zhou Bo , Wang Xiaohong , Guo Lianying , Zhang Han , Zhang Zhuo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In fluorosis-endemic areas, exposure to high levels of fluoride causesneurotoxicity such as lowered intelligence and cognitive impairment. Oxidativedamage is critical to pathophysiologic processes of fluoride intoxication, andneurotoxicity of fluoride may be associated with oxidative stress. In previousstudies, maize purple plant pigment (MPPP), which was rich in anthocyanins,showed a strong scavenging activity in vitro and invivo. The present study aimed to determine whether treatment withMPPP can alleviate fluoride-induced oxidative damage in rat brain. After 3months of experiment, brain tissues were assayed for oxidative stress variables,histological and Western blotting examinations. Our results showed that MPPPreduced the elevated malondialdehyde levels, increased superoxide dismutaseactivity, and further attenuated histopathological alterations and mitigatedneuronal apoptosis. Importantly, MPPP also reversed changes in Bax and Bcl-2.Therefore, it was speculated that MPPP protects brain tissue from fluoridetoxicity through its antioxidant capacity.
Impact of the production method and diagnostics conditions on the compositions and structure of nanodimensional anatase
Authors: Timaeva Olesya , Nikolaichik Vladimir , Svetogorov Roman , Kuz’micheva Galina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The detail investigation of the samples with nanodimensional anatase, formed by hydrolysis of TiOSO4 × xH2O without or in the presence of polymer poly(N-vinyl caprolactam), physical precipitation of the polymer followed by the capture of commercial Hombifine N are performed by X-ray powder diffraction using laboratory and synchrotron radiation sources, transmission electron microscopy with the diffraction, and elemental analysis. The two «core»-«shell» models with nanoparticles and their associates as a core can be applied to samples produced. The synchrotron and electron radiation change the degree of crystallinity and the imperfection of anatase, isolate of TiO2−x(OH)2x × yH2O from the nanoparticle shell with a decrease in its thickness, lead to the anatase – rutile phase transition. The double diffraction effect on the appearance of kinematically forbidden reflections caused by the dynamic character of the electron diffraction. The photoactivity depends on microstructural characteristics (specific surface, nanoobjects sizes). The structure and elemental composition of nanoparticles (associates) affect antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Essential oils of spontaneous species of the genus Lavandula from Portugal: a brief review
Authors: Vairinhos Jessica , Miguel Maria Graça 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Spontaneous lavender growing in uncultivated fields in Portugal have been used in traditional medicine for internal and external uses. The essential oils (EOs) of Lavandula stoechas subsp. luisieri are characterized by the presence of trans-α-necrodyl acetate and trans-necrodol. These EOs are able to prevent the generation and deposition of neurotoxic β-amyloid peptide in Alzheimer’s disease. The EOs also present antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-Leishmania, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifeedant effects. In the case of hydrodistillation, the predominant compound of Lavandula viridis EO was 1,8-cineole, nevertheless in the case of supercritical fluid extraction, the main constituent was camphor. In in vitro shoots EOs, 1,8-cineole and α-pinene were the most important compounds. The EOs presented anti-fungal activity particularly against Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophytes. The antioxidant and anti-protozoal activities of L. viridis EOs were lower than L. stoechas subsp. luisieri EOs, with hydrodistillation being the best method for obtaining samples with higher antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities. The presence of fenchone, 1,8-cineole and camphor was a common trace of the Lavandula pedunculata subsp. pedunculata EOs and in in vitro axillary shoots EOs. Lavandula pedunculata subsp. lusitanica EOs were predominantly constituted of fenchone and camphor. The antioxidant activity of L. pedunculata subsp. lusitanica EOs was poorer than other Lavandula EOs from Portugal.
The Structure of the Amorphous (GeTe)1–x
(Sb2Te3)
x
System and Implications for its Phase-Change Properties
Authors: Stellhorn Jens R. , Hosokawa Shinya , Kaiser Bernhard , Kimura Koji , Boudet Nathalie , Blanc Nils , Tajiri Hiroo , Kohara Shinji , Pilgrim Wolf-Christian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We describe structural features of ternary Ge-Sb-Te glasses based on anomalous X-ray scattering experiments for four different compositions along the pseudo-binary line (GeTe)1–x
(Sb2Te3)
x
for

0
≤
x
≤

2
3

$0\leq x\leq\frac{2}{3}$

, which comprises technologically important phase-change materials. The data are analyzed with reverse Monte Carlo modeling. This way, detailed information on the local environments around all constituent elements are obtained and their evolution with the chemical composition is described. This approach gives a consistent view of the atomic scale structure of the amorphous networks in these compounds. Thereby, it is possible to derive the relationship between the relevant material properties and the determining structural features. In particular, it is shown that the optical contrast related to the phase change is associated with the evolution of the Ge-Te core network.
Trajectories of Picky Eating in Low-Income US Children
Authors: Fernandez Carmen , McCaffery Harlan , Miller Alison L. , Kaciroti Niko , Lumeng Julie C. , Pesch Megan H. 
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Picky eating is common, yet little is known about trajectories of picky eating in childhood. Our objectives were to examine trajectories of child picky eating in low-income US children from ages 4 to 9 years and associations of those trajectories with participant characteristics, including child BMI z score (BMIz) and maternal feeding-behavior trajectories.

METHODS:
Mother-child dyads (N = 317) provided anthropometry and reported on picky eating and maternal feeding behaviors via questionnaires at child ages 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 years. At baseline, mothers reported on demographics and child emotional regulation. Trajectories of picky eating and maternal feeding behaviors were identified by using latent class analysis. Bivariate analyses examined associations of picky-eating trajectory membership with baseline characteristics and maternal feeding-behavior trajectory memberships. A linear mixed model was used to examine the association of BMIz with picky-eating trajectories.

RESULTS:
Three trajectories of picky eating emerged: persistently low (n = 92; 29%), persistently medium (n = 181; 57%), and persistently high (n = 44; 14%). Membership in the high picky-eating trajectory was associated with higher child emotional lability and lower child emotional regulation. Picky eating was associated with restriction (P = .01) and demandingness (P &lt; .001) trajectory memberships, such that low picky eating was associated with low restriction and high picky eating was associated with high demandingness. Medium and high picky-eating trajectories were associated with lower BMIz.

CONCLUSIONS:
Picky eating appears to be traitlike in childhood and may be protective against higher BMIz.