bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Study of Hip Fracture and Mortality Risk After Hip Fracture
Authors: Bartko Johann , Reichardt Berthold , Kocijan Roland , Klaushofer Klaus , Zwerina Jochen , Behanova Martina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
With rising rates of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] in older adults, management of comorbidities such as osteoporosis is becoming increasingly important. Hip fracture [HF] is the most serious consequence of low bone mineral quality and is associated with excess risk of mortality. For older IBD patients, there are only limited data available. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association of IBD with HF, and all-cause mortality risk after HF, among IBD patients older than 50 years.

Methods
In a national database-registered case-control study, 56 821 HF cases aged ≥50 years, and 113 718 age-, sex- and region-matched non-hip-fracture controls, were analysed between 2012 and 2016. A history of IBD was assessed from data from Austrian social health insurance funds. Logistic regression and Cox proportional multivariate models were used to test the association of IBD with HF and post-hip fracture mortality risk.

Results
A total of 531 patients were identified with IBD (25.0% men, mean age 81.2 years, standard deviation [SD] 9.7). Analysis, adjusted for anti-osteoporotic treatment, use of glucocorticoids, and selected medications, showed that IBD patients had an increased odds of HF (odds ratio [[OR] 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.86–2.64). Patients with Crohn’s disease [CD] revealed a higher HF odds in contrast to patients with ulcerative colitis [OR 2.91, 95% CI 2.17–3.89 and OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.52–2.35, respectively]. Overall mortality risk after HF was higher among female CD patients [HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.28–2.41] than in the general population.

Conclusions
IBD was strongly associated with HF in older patients. Post-hip fracture mortality risk was elevated particularly in women with CD.
Association of post-diagnosis cardiorespiratory fitness with cause-specific mortality in cancer
Authors: Groarke John D , Payne David L , Claggett Brian , Mehra Mandeep R , Gong Jingyi , Caron Jesse , Mahmood Syed S , Hainer Jon , Neilan Tomas G , Partridge Ann H , Di Carli Marcelo , Jones Lee W , Nohria Anju 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAims The prognostic importance of post-diagnosis assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in cancer patients is not well established. We sought to examine the association between CRF and mortality in cancer patients.Methods and results This was a single-centre cohort analysis of 1632 patients (58% male; 64 ± 12 years) with adult-onset cancer who were clinically referred for exercise treadmill testing a median of 7 [interquartile range (IQR): 3–12] years after primary diagnosis. Cardiorespiratory fitness was defined as peak metabolic equivalents (METs) achieved during standard Bruce protocol and categorized by tertiles. The association between CRF and all-cause and cause-specific mortality was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for important covariates. Median follow-up was 4.6 (IQR: 2.6–7.0) years; a total of 411 deaths (229, 50, and 132 all-cause, cardiovascular (CV), and cancer related, respectively) occurred during this period. Compared with low CRF (range: 1.9–7.6 METs), the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was 0.38 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28–0.52] for intermediate CRF (range: 7.7–10.6 METs) and 0.17 (95% CI: 0.11–0.27) for high CRF (range: 10.7–22.0 METs). The corresponding HRs were 0.40 (95% CI: 0.19–0.86) and 0.41 (95% CI: 0.16–1.05) for CV mortality and 0.40 (95% CI: 0.26–0.60) and 0.16 (95% CI: 0.09–0.28) for cancer mortality, respectively. The adjusted risk of all-cause, CV, and cancer mortality decreased by 26%, 14%, and 25%, respectively with each one MET increment in CRF.Conclusion Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong, independent predictor of all-cause, CV, and cancer mortality, even after adjustment for important clinical covariates in patients with certain cancers.
Aging Endocrine and Metabolic Phenotypes Are Programmed by Mother’s Age at Conception in a Sex-Dependent Fashion in the Rat
Authors: Zambrano Elena , Reyes-Castro Luis A , Rodríguez-González Guadalupe L , Chavira Roberto , Nathanielsz Peter W 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Programming of offspring life-course health by maternal nutrition and stress are well studied. At postnatal day 850, we evaluated male and female steroid levels and metabolism in aged offspring of primigravid sister rats bred at 70, 90, 150, or 300 days’ life. At 850 days life, male offspring corticosterone was similar regardless of maternal age. Female corticosterone was highest in offspring of 70- and 300-day mothers. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone:corticosterone was lowest in both sexes of offspring of 70- and 300-day mothers. Male and female fat depots were smaller in offspring of 150- than 70- and 90-day mothers. Insulin, glucose, and homeostatic model assessment were similar in all male offspring but higher in female offspring of 70-day mothers than other ages. We conclude, maternal age affects offspring aging in an offspring sex-dependent manner and merits consideration in designing and interpreting programming studies.
What will it cost to prevent violence against women and girls in low- and middle-income countries? Evidence from Ghana, Kenya, Pakistan, Rwanda, South Africa and Zambia
Authors: Torres-Rueda Sergio , Ferrari Giulia , Orangi Stacey , Hitimana Regis , Daviaud Emmanuelle , Tawiah Theresa , Prah Rebecca Kyerewaa Dwommoh , Karmaliani Rozina , Kapapa Eleonah , Barasa Edwine , Jewkes Rachel , Vassall Anna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is a global problem with profound consequences. Although there is a growing body of evidence on the effectiveness of VAWG prevention interventions, economic data are scarce. We carried out a cross-country study to examine the costs of VAWG prevention interventions in low- and middle-income countries. We collected primary cost data on six different pilot VAWG prevention interventions in six countries: Ghana, Kenya, Pakistan, Rwanda, South Africa and Zambia. The interventions varied in their delivery platforms, target populations, settings and theories of change. We adopted a micro-costing methodology. We calculated total costs and a number of unit costs common across interventions (e.g. cost per beneficiary reached). We used the pilot-level cost data to model the expected total costs and unit costs of five interventions scaled up to the national level. Total costs of the pilots varied between ∼US $208 000 in a small group intervention in South Africa to US $2 788 000 in a couples and community-based intervention in Rwanda. Staff costs were the largest cost input across all interventions; consequently, total costs were sensitive to staff time use and salaries. The cost per beneficiary reached in the pilots ranged from ∼US $4 in a community-based intervention in Ghana to US $1324 for one-to-one counselling in Zambia. When scaled up to the national level, total costs ranged from US $32 million in Ghana to US $168 million in Pakistan. Cost per beneficiary reached at scale decreased for all interventions compared to the pilots, except for school-based interventions due to differences in student density per school between the pilot and the national average. The costs of delivering VAWG prevention vary greatly due to differences in the geographical reach, number of intervention components and the complexity of adapting the intervention to the country. Cost-effectiveness analyses are necessary to determine the value for money of interventions.
Clinical and Analytical Impact of Moving from Jaffe to Enzymatic Serum Creatinine Methodology
Authors: Syme Neil R , Stevens Kathryn , Stirling Catherine , McMillan Donald C , Talwar Dinesh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIdentification and monitoring of chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires accurate quantification of serum creatinine. The poor specificity of Jaffe creatinine methods is well documented, and guidelines recommend enzymatic methodology. We describe our experience of moving from Jaffe to enzymatic creatinine methodology. We present comparison of &gt;5000 paired Jaffe and enzymatic creatinine results, examine interferences, and attempt to assess clinical consequences of changing methodology.MethodsOverall, 5303 serum samples received for routine creatinine measurement were analyzed using Jaffe and enzymatic methods with an Abbott Architect autoanalyzer. Associated results for glucose, total bilirubin, triglycerides, total protein, and hemolytic, icteric, and lipemic indexes were extracted from the laboratory database. CKD staging was estimated for each sample to assess potential clinical effects.ResultsThe methods correlated well (r = 0.996) and showed good agreement (Passing-Bablok fit, y = 0.935x + 0.074). Paired analysis, however, showed significant differences (P &lt; 0.001), and approximately 20% of results differed by more than ±10%. Multivariate analysis demonstrated independent associations between difference in creatinine results, glucose (P &lt; 0.0001), and hemolytic index (P = 0.009). Glucose demonstrated positive interference in the Jaffe method, and hemolysis produced negative interference in the enzymatic method. Little or no association was observed with other analytes. CKD staging differed in 4% of samples.ConclusionsDifferences between Jaffe and enzymatic serum creatinine results exceed the recommended 5% target for a significant proportion of samples, particularly at concentrations &lt;1.13 mg/dL (100 µmol/L). Both glucose and hemolysis contribute to the variance in results. Although the clinical impact of these differences seems small, laboratories should continue moving toward enzymatic creatinine estimation to ensure the best estimate of renal function.
Effects of dietary supplementation with exogenous catalase on growth performance, oxidative stress, and hepatic apoptosis in weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Li Yang , Zhao Xilun , Jiang Xuemei , Chen Ling , Hong Liang , Zhuo Yong , Lin Yan , Fang Zhengfeng , Che Lianqiang , Feng Bin , Xu Shengyu , Li Jian , Wu De 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTwo experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous catalase (CAT) in the diet of weaned piglets on growth performance, oxidative capacity, and hepatic apoptosis after challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In experiment 1, 72 weaned piglets [Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 6.90 ± 0.01 kg body weight (BW), 21 d of age] were randomly assigned to be fed either a basal diet (CON group) or a basal diet supplemented with 2,000 mg/kg CAT (CAT group; dietary CAT activity, 120 U/kg) for 35 d. Blood samples were collected on day 21 and day 35. At the end of this experiment, 12 pigs were selected from each of the CON and CAT groups, and six pigs were injected with LPS (50 μg/kg BW), while the remaining six pigs were injected with an equal amount of sterile saline, resulting in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (experiment 2). Blood samples and rectal temperature data were collected 0 and 4 h after challenge, and liver samples were obtained after evisceration. The gain-to-feed ratio was higher (P &lt; 0.05) in piglets in the CAT group than in those in the CON group from day 1 to 35. Catalase and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities were higher (P &lt; 0.05), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower (P &lt; 0.05), in piglets in the CAT group than in those in the CON group at day 35. During challenge, rectal temperature and liver MDA and H2O2 concentrations increased significantly (P &lt; 0.05), whereas plasma CAT and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and liver CAT activity decreased markedly (P &lt; 0.05), in LPS-challenged piglets 4 h post-challenge. Increased CAT activity and decreased MDA concentration were observed in the plasma and liver of piglets in the CAT group 4 h post-challenge (P &lt; 0.05). Dietary CAT supplementation markedly suppressed the LPS-induced decrease in plasma GSH-Px activity and liver CAT activity to levels observed in the CON group (P &lt; 0.05) as well as significantly decreasing the concentration and mRNA expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 (P &lt; 0.05). LPS-induced liver injury was also attenuated by dietary CAT supplementation, as demonstrated by a decrease in liver caspase-3 mRNA expression (P &lt; 0.05). Overall, dietary supplementation with 2,000 mg/kg exogenous CAT (dietary CAT activity, 120 U/kg) improves growth performance and has a beneficial effect on antioxidant capacity in weaned piglets; alleviates oxidative stress and reduces liver damage by suppressing hepatic apoptosis in LPS-challenged piglets.
Human capital portability and international student migration
Authors: Arenas Andreu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article examines how human capital portability frictions affect the quantity and the quality of international student migration (ISM). Using administrative data on college enrolment in Spain, it evaluates a reform that lifted the requirement to take the Spanish end-of-high-school exam for foreign students from a subset of countries. The reform increased student migration from treated countries by 50%, compared to migration from control countries. Post-reform migrants have lower predicted test scores but still outperform native students. The results suggest that multilateral diploma recognitions can significantly increase ISM without large costs in student migrant quality, and with positive effects on average student quality.
When Curry met Abel
Authors: Tapia-Navarro Manuel Eduardo , Estrada-González Luis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBased on his Inclosure Schema and the Principle of Uniform Solution (PUS), Priest has argued that Curry’s paradox belongs to a different family of paradoxes than the Liar. Pleitz (2015, The Logica Yearbook 2014, pp. 233–248) argued that Curry’s paradox shares the same structure as the other paradoxes and proposed a scheme of which the Inclosure Schema is a particular case and he criticizes Priest’s position by pointing out that applying the PUS implies the use of a paraconsistent logic that does not validate Contraction, but that this can hardly seen as uniform. In this paper, we will develop some further reasons to defend Pleitz’ thesis that Curry’s paradox belongs to the same family as the rest of the self-referential paradoxes & using the idea that conditionals are generalized negations. However, we will not follow Pleitz in considering doubtful that there is a uniform solution for the paradoxes in a paraconsistent spirit. We will argue that the paraconsistent strategies can be seen as special cases of the strategy of restricting Detachment and that the latter uniformly blocks all the connective-involving self-referential paradoxes, including Curry’s.
Combined sleeve lobectomy for centrally located primary lung cancer and lung cancer with hilar lymph node metastasis
Authors: Tsukioka Takuma , Izumi Nobuhiro , Komatsu Hiroaki , Inoue Hidetoshi , Miyamoto Hikaru , Ito Ryuichi , Kimura Takuya , Nishiyama Noritoshi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Centrally located lung cancer or metastatic hilar lymph nodes can invade the airway and other hilar structures, and they must be removed to achieve complete resection.

Methods
We retrospectively assessed the clinical course of 47 patients with centrally located lung cancer or metastatic hilar lymph nodes who underwent sleeve lobectomy from January 2010 to December 2017.

Results
The invaded structure other than the airway was the pulmonary artery in 21 patients, chest wall in 3, esophageal muscular wall in 2, vagus nerve in 2, pericardium in 2, left atrium in 1, phrenic nerve in 1 and superior vena cava in 1. Twenty-four patients were treated with sleeve lobectomy alone (simple sleeve lobectomy), and 23 patients were treated with sleeve lobectomy with additional methods (combined sleeve lobectomy). Adverse events occurred in 10 patients (48%) in the simple sleeve lobectomy group and 7 patients (30%) in the combined sleeve lobectomy group. During the follow-up period, 15 patients developed recurrent disease and 12 patients died. Patients in the combined sleeve lobectomy group had significantly shorter overall survival (P = 0.004) and disease-free survival periods (P = 0.013). Combined sleeve lobectomy was a significantly poor prognostic factor in the univariate and multivariate analyses. Patients who underwent sleeve lobectomy with an additional method other than angioplasty had a significantly poorer prognosis. However, no patient developed recurrent disease in the hilar area.

Conclusions
Combined sleeve lobectomy has acceptable adverse events and good local controllability. However, combined sleeve lobectomy is associated with a significantly poorer prognosis than simple sleeve lobectomy in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival.
Stochastic calibration of radio interferometers
Authors: Yatawatta Sarod 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTWith ever-increasing data rates produced by modern radio telescopes like LOFAR and future telescopes like the SKA, many data-processing steps are overwhelmed by the amount of data that needs to be handled using limited compute resources. Calibration is one such operation that dominates the overall data processing computational cost; none the less, it is an essential operation to reach many science goals. Calibration algorithms do exist that scale well with the number of stations of an array and the number of directions being calibrated. However, the remaining bottleneck is the raw data volume, which scales with the number of baselines, and which is proportional to the square of the number of stations. We propose a ‘stochastic’ calibration strategy where we read only in a mini-batch of data for obtaining calibration solutions, as opposed to reading the full batch of data being calibrated. None the less, we obtain solutions that are valid for the full batch of data. Normally, data need to be averaged before calibration is performed to accommodate the data in size-limited compute memory. Stochastic calibration overcomes the need for data averaging before any calibration can be performed, and offers many advantages, including: enabling the mitigation of faint radio frequency interference; better removal of strong celestial sources from the data; and better detection and spatial localization of fast radio transients.
SuperCLASS – II. Photometric redshifts and characteristics of spatially resolved μJy radio sources
Authors: Manning Sinclaire M , Casey Caitlin M , Hung Chao-Ling , Battye Richard , Brown Michael L , Jackson Neal , Abdalla Filipe , Chapman Scott , Demetroullas Constantinos , Drew Patrick , Hales Christopher A , Harrison Ian , Riseley Christopher J , Sanders David B , Watson Robert A 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present optical and near-infrared imaging covering a ∼1.53 deg2 region in the Super-Cluster Assisted Shear Survey (SuperCLASS) field, which aims to make the first robust weak lensing measurement at radio wavelengths. We derive photometric redshifts for ≈176 000 sources down to $i^\prime _{\rm AB}\sim 24$ and present photometric redshifts for 1.4 GHz expanded Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network (e-MERLIN) and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) detected radio sources found in the central 0.26 deg2. We compile an initial catalogue of 149 radio sources brighter than S1.4 &gt; 75 μJy and find their photometric redshifts span 0 &lt; zphot &lt; 4 with radio luminosities between 1021 and 1025 W Hz−1, with medians of $\langle z \rangle \, =0.55$ and $\langle L_{1.4}\rangle \, =1.9\times 10^{23}$ W Hz−1, respectively. We find 95 per cent of the μJy radio source sample (141/149) have spectral energy distributions (SEDs) best fit by star-forming templates while 5 per cent (8/149) are better fit by active galactic nuclei (AGN). Spectral indices are calculated for sources with radio observations from the VLA and Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 325 MHz, with an average spectral slope of α = 0.59 ± 0.04. Using the full photometric redshift catalogue, we construct a density map at the redshift of the known galaxy clusters, z = 0.20 ± 0.08. Four of the five clusters are prominently detected at $\gt 7\, \sigma$ in the density map and we confirm the photometric redshifts are consistent with previously measured spectra from a few galaxies at the cluster centres.
Isotopologues of dense gas tracers in nearby infrared bright galaxies
Authors: Li Fei , Wang Junzhi , Fang Min , Li Shanghuo , Zhang Zhi-Yu , Gao Yu , Kong Minzhi 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present 1 and 3 mm observations of the 13C- and 15N-bearing isotopologues of dense gas tracers towards eight nearby infrared-bright galaxies. With the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique 30-m telescope, we observed the J = 1–0 transitions of H13CN, HC15N, H13CO+, HN13C, and H15NC towards M 82, NGC 3079, IC 694, Mrk 231, and NGC 6240. The J = 3–2 transition of H13CN was obtained in M 82, NGC 3079, NGC 3504, NGC 4418, NGC 6240, and NGC 6946, using the 10-m Submillimeter Telescope (SMT). We report the first detections of HN13C J = 1–0 and H13CN J = 3–2 in M 82, and H13CN J = 3–2 in NGC 6240 and NGC 3079. We find different line profiles between the J = 1–0 and 3–2 transitions of H13CN in both M 82 and NGC 3079. The optical depths of HCN show significant variations among the sample, indicating that dense gas masses estimated from the line luminosities of HCN J = 1–0 and 3–2 should be treated with caution for individual galaxies. Optical depth of HCN J = 3–2 is found to be higher than that of HCN J = 1–0 in M 82, NGC 3079, NGC 4418, and NGC 6240, which indicates that ground state transitions of dense gas tracers might better trace the star-forming gas than the high-J transitions. Based on the H13CN/HC15N line ratios, with the double-isotopic method, low 14N/15N abundance ratios of 120 and 140 are found in NGC 3079 and Mrk 231, respectively.
2MASS J15460752−6258042: a mid-M dwarf hosting a prolonged accretion disc
Authors: Lee Jinhee , Song Inseok , Murphy Simon 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of the oldest (∼55 Myr) mid-M type star known to host ongoing accretion. 2MASS J15460752–6258042 (2M1546, spectral type M5, 59.2 pc) shows spectroscopic signs of accretion such as strong H α, He i, and [O i] emission lines, from which we estimate an accretion rate of ∼10−10 M⊙ yr−1. Considering the clearly detected infrared excess in all WISE bands, the shape of its spectral energy distribution (SED) and its age, we believe that the star is surrounded by a transitional disc, clearly with some gas still present at inner radii. The position and kinematics of the star from Gaia DR2 and our own radial-velocity measurements suggest membership in the nearby ∼55 Myr-old Argus moving group. At only 59 pc from Earth, 2M1546 is one of the nearest accreting mid-M dwarfs, making it an ideal target for studying the upper limit on the lifetimes of gas-rich discs around low-mass stars.