bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure–Activity Relationships of Voltaglue Organic Blends
Authors: Tan Nigel C. S. , Ghosh Animesh , Steele Terry W. J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVoltage‐activated, one‐pot adhesives are an emerging platform with many potential advantages, but require multicomponent grafting of electrochemical donors and acceptors for operation in organic environments. This formulation strategy reduces throughput efficiency, organic solubility, and requires additional purification of the grafted dendrimers. A more advanced strategy is proposed for setting up the donor–acceptor conductive network by exploiting a flexible blending design, providing faster throughput of structure–activity analyses with less synthetic investment. The blend method investigates the ampere‐dependent storage modulus and gelation time as a function of both donor and acceptor concentration. This blend strategy allows a rapid evaluation of donor–acceptor parameters involved in voltage‐activated adhesive formulations.
Optimal topology design and distributed formation control of multiagent systems with complex‐weights directed networks
Authors: Ghasemi Ali , Menhaj Mohammad B. , Askari Javad , Ebrahimi Dehshalie Maziar 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this article, we consider the optimal topology design and distributed formation control problem of multiagent systems (MAS) with complex‐weighted directed topology. First, a framework is proposed to associate optimal topology of MAS to a constrained optimization problem with a complex Laplacian matrix, which is independent of the agent dynamics. The main contribution of the proposed approach compared with existing results is that the proposed approach does not require the calculation of the stabilizing matrix such that the closed‐loop system is asymptotically stable, and a unique set of complex weights that satisfy associated cooperative conditions can be chosen. Then, a distributed formation control protocol is proposed to enable all agents to achieve the control goal. Finally, some numerical example results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Government Assistance Protects Low‐Income Families from Eviction
Authors: Lundberg Ian , Gold Sarah L. , Donnelly Louis , Brooks‐Gunn Jeanne , McLanahan Sara S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA lack of affordable housing is a pressing issue for many low‐income American families and can lead to eviction from their homes. Housing assistance programs to address this problem include public housing and other assistance, including vouchers, through which a government agency offsets the cost of private market housing. This paper assesses whether the receipt of either category of assistance reduces the probability that a family will be evicted from their home in the subsequent six years. Because no randomized trial has assessed these effects, we use observational data and formalize the conditions under which a causal interpretation is warranted. Families living in public housing experience less eviction conditional on pre‐treatment variables. We argue that this evidence points toward a causal conclusion that assistance, particularly public housing, protects families from eviction.
HIV Infection in Pregnant Women: A 2020 Update
Authors: Harris Kristin , Yudin Mark H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first described in 1981, and continues to be one of the worst global health pandemics in recorded history. Concerted international efforts have helped to increase awareness of human immunodeficiency (HIV) status, improve access to treatment and continuation of therapy to achieve viral suppression with a goal of ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030. The clinical outcomes for patients living with HIV on combined antiretroviral therapy are considerably improved with prolonged life expectancy and superior quality of life. Further, perinatal transmission rates have dramatically decreased with elimination of mother to child transmission of HIV in a growing number of countries worldwide. However, there have been significant reductions in the pace of progress in treatment expansion for pregnant women with failure to meet global targets in 2018. In this review, we will highlight recent advances and challenges ahead in 2020 for three areas of perinatal care for women with HIV in developed countries: (a) pregnancy planning considerations, (b) impact of antiviral medications on perinatal outcomes, and (c) infant feeding practices. The promise of a HIV‐free generation is on the horizon and continued international efforts in preventing perinatal transmission are an important component of this achievement.
Structural dynamics of pentapeptide repeat proteins
Authors: Xu Shenyuan , Kennedy Michael A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPentapeptide repeat proteins (PRPs) represent a large superfamily with more than 38 000 sequences in nearly 3500 species, the majority belonging to cyanobacteria but represented among all branches of life. PRPs contain at least eight consecutive pentapeptide repeats with the consensus (A/C/S/V/T/L/I)(D/N/S/K/E/I/R)(L/F)(S/T/R/E/Q/K/V/D)(G/D/E/N/R/Q/K). PRPs fold into right‐handed quadrilateral β helices, also known as repeat‐five‐residue (Rfr)‐folds, with four consecutive pentapeptide repeats comprising a single coil, the ~90° change in polypeptide direction in square‐shaped coils achieved by type I, II and IV β turns, and hydrogen bonds between coils establishing β ladders on each Rfr‐fold face. PRPs are broadly categorized into group 1 and 2 involved in antibiotic resistance and group 3 currently having unknown functions. Motivated by their intriguing structures, we are investigating PRP biophysical characteristics, including Rfr‐fold thermal stability, β turn and β ladder hydrogen bond amide exchange rates and backbone dynamics. Here, we present analysis of 20 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and all atom normal mode analysis (aaNMA) calculations for four group 1 and group 2 and four group 3 PRPs whose structures have been determined by X‐ray crystallography. The MD cross‐correlation matrices and aaNMA indicated strong correlated motion between adjacent coils and weak coupled motion between coils separated by one or more intervening coils. Slow anticorrelated motions were detected between adjacent coils in aaNMA modes that we hypothesize are requisite to access exchange‐competent states necessary to permit solvent exchange of amide hydrogens involved in β‐ladder and β‐turns hydrogen bonds, which can have lifetimes on the order of months.
Upper‐tropospheric inflow layers in tropical cyclones
Authors: Wang Shanghong , Smith Roger K. , Montgomery Michael T. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional numerical simulations of tropical cyclone intensification with sufficient vertical resolution have shown the development of a layer of strong inflow just beneath the upper‐tropospheric outflow layer as well as, in some cases, a shallower layer of weaker inflow above the outflow layer. Here we provide an explanation for these inflow layers in the context of the prototype problem for tropical cyclone intensification, which considers the evolution of a vortex on an f‐plane in a quiescent environment, starting from an initially symmetric, moist, cloud‐free vortex over a warm ocean. We attribute the inflow layers to a subgradient radial force that exists through much of the upper troposphere beyond a certain radius. An alternative explanation that invokes classical axisymmetric balance theory is found to be problematic. We review evidence for the existence of such inflow layers in recent observations. Some effects of the inflow layers on the storm structure are discussed.
A method of steepest ascent for multiresponse surface optimization using a desirability function method
Authors: Lee Dong‐Hee , Kim So‐Hee , Byun Jai‐Hyun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMultiresponse problems are common in product or process development. A conventional approach for optimizing multiple responses is to use a response surface methodology (RSM), and this approach is called multiresponse surface optimization (MRSO). In RSM, the method of steepest ascent is widely used for searching for an optimum region where a response is improved. In MRSO, it is difficult to directly apply the method of steepest ascent because MRSO includes several responses to be considered. This paper suggests a new method of steepest ascent for MRSO, which accounts for tradeoffs between multiple responses. It provides several candidate paths of steepest ascent and allows a decision maker to select the most preferred path. This generation and selection procedure is helpful to better understand the tradeoffs between the multiple responses, and ultimately, it moves the experimental region to a good region where a satisfactory compromise solution exists. A hypothetical example is employed for illustrating the proposed procedure. The results of this case study show that the proposed method searches the region containing an optimum where a satisfactory compromise solution exists.
Robust T2 control chart using median‐based estimators
Authors: Maleki Fatemeh , Mehri Saeed , Aghaie Abdollah , Shahriari Hamid 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOne of the most widely used multivariate control charts is the Hotelling T2. In order to construct a Hotelling T2 control chart, the mean vector (μ) and the variance–covariance matrix (Σ) must be first estimated. The classical estimators of μ and Σ are usually used to design Hotelling T2 control chart. The classical estimators are sensitive to the presence of outliers. One way to deal with outliers is to use robust estimators. In this study, a robust T2 control chart is proposed. The mean vector is obtained from the sample median. The median absolute deviation and the comedian are used as the estimates of the elements of the variance–covariance matrix. The proposed robust estimators of the mean vector and the variance–covariance matrix are compared with the sample mean vector and the sample variance–covariance matrix, and the M estimator of these parameters, through efficiency and robustness measures. The performances of the proposed robust T2 control chart and the classical and the M estimators are also compared by means of average run length. Simulation results reveal that the proposed robust T2 control chart has much better performance than the traditional Hotelling T2 and similar performance to the M estimator in detecting shifts in process mean vector. Use of other robust estimators to estimate the process parameters is an area for further research.
Accessory V6 during thoracoscopic middle lobectomy: “an uncomfortable presence”
Authors: Amore Dario , Scaramuzzi Roberto , Casazza Dino , Imitazione Pasquale , Muto Emanuele , Lieto Roberta 
Published: June 2020

Key messageThe identification of the accessory vein draining the superior segment of the right lower lobe (accessory V6), during the posterior mediastinal lymph node dissection, can help avoid operative complications.
Exponential stabilization of inertial quaternion‐valued Cohen‐Grossberg neural networks: Lexicographical order method
Authors: Li Ruoxia , Cao Jinde 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this article, a general class of delayed interval inertial Cohen‐Grossberg neural networks described by quaternion‐valued parameters is considered. Under the homeomorphism mapping theory and lexicographical order method, we investigate the exponential stabilization problem for the quaternion‐valued Cohen‐Grossberg neural networks. To do so, we verify the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point (EP), and then by designing a sampled‐data feedback controller, several sufficient criteria are derived to ascertain the robust stability of the EP for the given system. What should be mentioned is that the state parameters are taking values in an interval, which implies the states are taking values between two different quaternions, thus, a lexicographical order method is employed, which proposed an effective method to determine the “magnitude” of two different quaternions. Finally, numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed theoretical results.
Synthesis of 2‐Methylresorcinol‐Based Deepened Cavitands with Chiral Inlet Bearing Steroidal Moieties on the Upper Rim
Authors: Nagymihály Zoltán , Wölfling János , Schneider Gyula , Kollár  
Published: June 2020

AbstractA tetraiodocavitand, synthesised in conventional high‐yielding reactions, was used as substrate in homogeneous catalytic reactions such as aminocarbonylation and Sonogashira reaction. 3α‐Aminopregnane and 17α‐ethinylandrostane derivatives were used as coupling agents, respectively. While the aminocarbonylation of the tetraiodocavitand carried out at low pressure carbon monoxide resulted in the formation of tetra‐carboxamides as major products, the high pressure carbonylation (40 bar CO) yielded the corresponding tetrakis(2‐ketocarboxamides) with high chemoselectivity. The ethinyl functionality of the steroid enabled the facile cross‐coupling with the cavitand possessing iodoarene functionalities.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Photochemical Hydrogen Evolution and Degradation of Crystal Violet Dye by Interwoven Layered MoS2/Wurtzite ZnS Heterostructure Photocatalyst
Authors: Rao Akshatha Sathyanarayana , Sreenivasa Swamy , Parashuram Lakshminarayana , Raghu Madihalli S. , Yogesh Kumar K. , Madhu Chakrapani Rao Tadimety 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe photocatalytic properties of a material predominantly depend upon the material fabrication. In the last few years, sulfide based nanomaterials were used for their extraordinary efficiency due to their structural and morphological features. Present work is focused on the preparation of bimetallic layered molybdenum‐wurtzite zinc sulfide heterostructure by facile hydrothermal method. The prepared MoS2−ZnS was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface analysis and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). MoS2−ZnS showed high photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dye degradation compared to pure ZnS and MoS2. The synergistic effect of layered MoS2 and wurtzite ZnS would have amplified the photocatalytic HER activity and degradation of crystal violet dye under visible light irradiation; the electron‐hole recombination was significantly reduced due to the heterostructured arrangement of MoS2‐ wurtzite ZnS
A user‐centered behavioral software development model
Authors: Güncan Damla , Onay Durdu Pınar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe concept of usability, which affects the quality and cost of the software projects, has become essential in recent years. There is a need to integrate usability testing activities and techniques into the development processes; however, integration is difficult. Therefore, this study proposes user‐centered behavioral (UCB) software development model, which aims to bridge the gap between human–computer interaction (HCI) and software engineering (SE) disciplines. A triangulation methodology of mixed methods is used to understand the current situation in software development companies in terms of usability and user‐centered software development by survey and interviews. Their results are then used to inform the development of the proposed model. The UCB software development model proposes a process in which several tools and techniques from SE and HCI are integrated to facilitate the production of highly usable software. In essence, the model proposes an iterative process that combines behavior‐driven development (BDD)—an agile approach that enables a better understanding and analysis of the requirements—with the style guides, usability tests, heuristic evaluation, and Wizard of Oz techniques of HCI. The model was evaluated in a pilot project and then is improved based on feedback gathered. Participants' feedback supported the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Tamoxifen and its metabolites induce mitochondrial membrane depolarization and caspase‐3 activation in equine neutrophils
Authors: Albornoz Alejandro , Morales Natalia , Uberti Benjamin , Henriquez Claudio , Burgos Rafael A. , Alarcon Pablo , Moran Gabriel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNeutrophils participate in innate immunity as the first line of host defence against microorganisms. However, persistent neutrophil activity and delayed apoptosis can be harmful to surrounding tissues; this problem occurs in diverse inflammatory diseases, including asthma‐affected horses. Previous studies in horses with acute lung inflammation indicated that treatment with tamoxifen (TX), a selective oestrogen receptor modulator, produces a significant decrease in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) neutrophil content. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tamoxifen and its metabolites (N‐desmethyltamoxifen and endoxifen) on the mitochondrial membrane potential assay by flow cytometry, and the activation of effector caspase‐3 through immunoblotting, in peripheral blood neutrophils obtained from healthy horses (n = 5). Results show that tamoxifen, N‐desmethyltamoxifen and endoxifen depolarize the mitochondrial membrane and activate caspase‐3 in healthy equine neutrophils in vitro. These findings suggest that tamoxifen and its metabolites may activate the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in equine neutrophils. However, more studies are necessary to further explore the signalling pathways of these drugs in the induction of apoptosis.
Use of grape racemes from Grillo cultivar to increase the acidity level of sparkling base wines produced with different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains
Authors: Alfonzo Antonio , Francesca Nicola , Mercurio Vincenzo , Prestianni Rosario , Settanni Luca , Spanò Giacomo , Naselli Vincenzo , Moschetti Giancarlo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe most important oenological characteristics of high‐quality sparkling wines are aromatic aspect, taste persistence, perlage, high levels of acidity and low pH. Due to hot climate and reduced rainfall that characterize Sicily region, white grape varieties such as Grillo cultivar cultivated in this area are characterized by very low concentrations of malic and tartaric acids. Grillo cultivar is characterized by an intense production of raceme grapes with low pH and high content of tartaric and malic acids. These fruits possess the chemical properties useful to increase the amounts of acids in the final wines. With this in mind, the present research was carried out to test the ability of four Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (CS182, GR1, MSE13 and MSE41) to ferment a raceme must with a pH of 2.9 at two concentrations (14° and 16° Babo degree) of total sugars. The inoculation of the strains was performed after a preadaptation at pH 2.5. The chemical parameters and kinetics of the fermentations were monitored. The experimental sparkling base wines were characterized by a very high total acidity with 16–17 g/L of tartaric acid and 9–10 g/L of malic acids. On the other hand, ethanol was detected at low values in the range 9–10% (v/v). The base wine obtained with GR1differed in their high acidity values, whereas trials inoculated with CS182 showed more intense odors and exotic fruit. Experimental wines produced in this study represent an innovative strategy for “blending wines” to produce sparkling wines in dry Mediterranean climate.
Conformal symmetry and composite operators in the O(N )3 tensor field theory
Authors: Benedetti Dario , Gurau Razvan , Suzuki Kenta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

We continue the study of the bosonic O(N )3 model with quartic interactions and long-range propagator. The symmetry group allows for three distinct invariant 𝜙
4 composite operators, known as tetrahedron, pillow and double-trace. As shown in [1, 2], the tetrahedron operator is exactly marginal in the large-N limit and for a purely imaginary tetrahedron coupling a line of real infrared fixed points (parametrized by the absolute value of the tetrahedron coupling) is found for the other two couplings. These fixed points have real critical exponents and a real spectrum of bilinear operators, satisfying unitarity constraints. This raises the question whether at large-N the model is unitary, despite the tetrahedron coupling being imaginary.
In this paper, we first rederive the above results by a different regularization and renormalization scheme. We then discuss the operator mixing for composite operators and we give a perturbative proof of conformal invariance of the model at the infrared fixed points by adapting a similar proof from the long-range Ising model. At last, we identify the scaling operators at the fixed point and compute the two- and three-point functions of 𝜙
4 and 𝜙
2 composite operators. The correlations have the expected conformal behavior and the OPE coefficients are all real, reinforcing the claim that the large-N CFT is unitary.
A Note on Integrability of the Norm of a Perturbed Semigroup
Authors: Bobrowski Adam 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecently, Michael Gil’ has provided a condition for integrability of norms of semigroups generated by operators of the form $$A+B$$

A
+
B

where B is bounded, in terms of the norm of the commutator of A and B. We show that his argument, when slightly refined, leads to a bit more general result than the one presented in his paper. We also argue, by examining an example, that the size of the commutator may not be a good indicator of whether the perturbed semigroup has integrable norm or not.
Theoretical and Practical Approaches to the Denotational Semantics for MDESL based on UTP
Authors: Sheng Feng , Zhu Huibiao , He Jifeng , Yang Zongyuan , Bowen Jonathan P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe hardware description language Verilog has been standardized and widely used in industry. Multithreaded Discrete Event Simulation Language (MDESL) is a Verilog-like language and it contains a rich variety of interesting features such as the event-driven computation and shared-variable concurrency as well as the realtime feature. In this paper, we present the denotational semantics for MDESL based on UTP. First a discrete time semantic model is proposed to describe the observation-oriented semantics for MDESL. The observations record the change of variables of atomic actions over time. Then the healthy formulae are defined to denote all different behaviors of programs and the semantics of programs is expressed in terms of healthy formulae. In addition, we demonstrate some interesting properties about the MDESL programs expressing as algebraic laws and their proofs are supported by our formalized denotational semantics. Our theoretical approach is complemented by a practical one, we use the theorem proof assistant Coq to formalize the UTP-based semantics for MDESL. The correctness of the algebraic laws is also verified via the mechanical approach in Coq. Our work provides a novel way to verify the correctness of UTP-based semantics forMDESL both in a theoretical approach and in a practical approach. It is also a new attempt for the application of Coq in the mechanized semantics.