bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Adhesive Gap Setting on Fracture Resistance of All-ceramic Crowns
Authors: Zahran Mohammed 
Published: December 2020

Background:Several factors might affect the fracture resistance of all-ceramic crowns, including cement thickness.Aim:To evaluate the influence of cement thickness on the fracture resistance.Objective:To determine the effect of varying the adhesive gap thickness on the fracture loads of all-ceramic CEREC 3D molar crowns.Methods:Standardized prepared epoxy resin molar dies (Viade Inc.) were fabricated. A standard molar crown was designed using a CEREC 3D machine (Sirona Dental Systems). Twenty-four crowns were milled from Vita Mark II blocks (Vita Zahnfabrik), using adhesive gap settings of 30, 60 and 90 µm (n=8). A dual-cure resin cement (PanaviaF 2.0, Kuraray) was used to cement the crowns to their respective dies, following manufacturer's recommendation. After 1 week of storage in distilled water at 37°C, each crown was loaded in compression until complete failure in a universal testing machine (Instron 8501) and fracture loads (N) were recorded. Fractured specimens were sectioned to determine cement thickness. Sections were examined using a traveling light microscope to measure cement thickness. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and Pearson's correlation at (α=0.05).Results:The mean fracture loads and standard deviation values in N were 1,267.57 (122.82), 1,225.20 (179.46) and 1,180.76 (161.77) for the crowns with 30, 60 and 90µm, respectively. ANOVA indicated no significant differences among mean fracture strength values (p= 0.55). All crowns failed in a catastrophic mode and were not repairable.Conclusions:Adhesive cement gap as achieved with three CEREC 3D settings from 30 to 90µm had no significant effect on fracture strength of crowns made from Vita Mark II blocks.
Is An Orthodontic Hydrophilic Composite Resistant to Contamination and pH Cycling? In vitro Results
Authors: Primo Paula Patrícia , Salvatore Freitas Karina Maria , Ceron Daniela Fernandes , Cotrin Paula , Oliveira Renata Cristina , Gobbi de Oliveira Ricardo Cesar , Pinelli  Valarelli Fabricio , Pavesi Pini Núbia Inocencya , Santin Gabriela Cristina 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the adhesive strength of a hydrophilic composite submitted to contamination and pH cycling, compared to a conventional composite.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-two bovine incisors were prepared and randomly divided into 6 groups (n=12), bonded with Hydrophilic Composite (HC)(Transbond Plus Color Change) or with Conventional Composite (CC)(Transbond XT; control), with or without contamination and pH cycling as follows: G1-HC, with contamination, with pH cycling; G2-HC, with contamination, without pH cycling; G3-HC, without contamination, with pH cycling; G4-HC, without contamination, without pH cycling; G5-CC, without contamination, with pH cycling; G6-CC, without contamination, without pH cycling. Contamination in G1 and G2 consisted of fresh saliva applied after the self-etching primer for 5min before bonding with HC. After bonding, G1, G3, and G5 were submitted to pH cycling, immersed in the demineralizing solution for 22h and for 2h in remineralizing artificial saliva, repeated for 15 days. G2, G4, and G6 were kept in deionized water. The shear bond strength was tested using a load cell of 100N and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was assessed. Intergroup comparison was performed with one-way ANOVA, Tukey, and chi-square tests.

Results:
There was a statistically significant difference in G1, G2, and G3 in relation to G6. The highest rate of adhesive failure between the resin/bracket interface occurred with the HC, while CC failed more at the resin/tooth interface.

Conclusion:
Contamination and pH cycling did not decrease the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with the hydrophilic composite. However, the adhesive strength of the conventional composite was higher.
Differential Expression of miR-20a and miR-145 in Colorectal Tumors as Potential Location-specific miRNAs
Authors: Eslamizadeh Sara , Zare Ali-Akbar , Talebi Atefeh , Tabaeian Seidamir Pasha , Eshkiki Zahra Shokati , Heydari-Zarnagh Hafez , Akbari Abolfazl 
Published: December 2020

Background:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as tissue specific regulators of gene transcription,
may be served as biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer (CRC).

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the potential role of the cancer-related hsa-miRNAs as
biomarkers in Colon Cancer (CC) and Rectal Cancer (RC).

Methods:
A total of 148 CRC samples (74 rectum and 74 colon) and 74 adjacent normal tissues
were collected to examine the differential expression of selected ten hsa-miRNAs using quantitative
Reverse Transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results:
The significantly elevated levels of miR-21, miR-133b, miR-18a, miR-20a, and
miR-135b, and decreased levels of miR-34a, miR-200c, miR-145, and let-7g were detected in colorectal
tumors compared to the healthy tissues (P<0.05). Hsa-miR-20a was significantly overexpressed
in rectum compared to colon (p =0.028) from a cut-off value of 3.15 with a sensitivity of
66% and a specificity of 60% and an AUC value of 0.962. Also, hsa-miR-145 was significantly
overexpressed in colon compared to the rectum (p =0.02) from a cut-off value of 3.9 with a sensitivity
of 55% and a specificity of 61% and an AUC value of 0.91.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, hsa-miR-20a and hsa-miR-145, as potential tissue-specific biomarkers
for distinguishing RC and CC, improve realizing the molecular differences between these local tumors.
Editorial 45
Authors: López Uribe Cristina 
Published: December 2020

<p>En ningún lugar como en los archivos de arquitectura se puede constatar con tanta claridad el valor ritual que mantienen los objetos de representación de la disciplina; el culto al original y a la autenticidad están en la naturaleza misma del archivo. Cuando esto se complementa con algún hallazgo crucial, que puede cambiar la historia, la experiencia es muy cercana a la euforia.</p><p>En este número de BITÁCORA ARQUITECTURA, exploramos distintos tipos de archivos, así como su relación con el paso del tiempo y los cambios tecnológicos. Cabe preguntarse si la magia del descubrimiento en el archivo puede darse en la pantalla, si será posible sustituir la exploración y la experiencia de primera mano, si lo que perdemos en la era de los buscadores digitales serán los descubrimientos accidentales en las bibliotecas y en los acervos documentales, además del olor y la textura de los dibujos a mano o de los libros antiguos. Si de verdad llegará el momento en el que el culto al original y a lo auténtico se haya terminado para siempre.</p>
Linfoma hepatoesplénico de células T en un paciente adolescente
Authors: Zarate Vergara Andrea Carolina , Perez Sotelo Maria Alexandra , Ariza Álvarez Yamid , Medina Medina Edwin Abraham , Tirado Perez Irina Suley 
Published: December 2020

Introducción: Los linfomas de células T son infrecuentes y se caracterizan por presentarse en la población de los adultos jóvenes. Además, suele acompañarse de patologías como la anemia moderada, hepatoesplenomegalia y trombocitopenia e infiltración sinusoidal por linfocitos T en células de médula ósea, bazo e hígado.
Caso clínico: Se presenta un caso clínico de un adolescente que tiene los síntomas característicos de esta patología, con sospecha clínica y diagnóstico paraclínico confirmado con histoquímica de médula ósea.
Conclusión: Es una entidad infrecuente de pronóstico desfavorable, hasta el momento el paciente está estable recibiendo tratamiento. Para utilizar el enfoque adecuado en el diagnóstico y brindar tratamiento, es necesario considerar todos los hallazgos clínicos
The Market for Audit Services: The Role of Market Power
Authors: Gu Tracy Ti , Simunic Dan A. , Stein Michael T. , Ye Minlei , Zhang Ping 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
The market for audit services has been the subject of extensive academic research since the 1970s. The prevailing view is that audit markets are characterized by tiers of suppliers (Big 4 versus non-Big 4, and industry specialists versus non-specialists) where the upper tier suppliers produce and sell a systematically higher level of assurance, while competition among suppliers within tiers is essentially perfect and a uniform price prevails within the submarkets. We discuss three papers that challenge this orthodoxy. These papers argue and find that the price of an audit is essentially unique to each (auditor, client) pair and that this price depends on both audit firm size and client size. Furthermore, audit firm size is linked with the firm's capital investments, which enhance auditor efficiency and market power. We conclude that audit markets are atomistic and that local market power is an important determinant of audit prices and audit fees.
The Role of Private Disclosures in Markets with Weak Institutions: Evidence from Market Liberalization in China
Authors: Yoon Aaron S. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
I use the announcement of a market liberalization pilot program in China as a shock to firms' disclosure environment and examine how Chinese firms, foreign investors, and foreign brokers respond. Using a proprietary dataset, I find that affected firms respond to the announcement by significantly increasing the number of selective private meetings hosted by major foreign brokers, but do not use public disclosure channels. I find this increase in private disclosure to be stronger among firms that had strong public disclosure track records and are in need of capital. Firms that increased private disclosure experience improvements in speed of price discovery and liquidity. In addition, they also experience an increase in foreign holdings and raise capital abroad through foreign brokers after the pilot program's implementation. Overall, this paper takes a yet-to-mature economy, presents evidence on dynamic shaping of disclosure, and highlights private disclosure as an important positive channel of communication.
HbA1c Change and Diabetic Retinopathy During GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Cardiovascular Outcome Trials: A Meta-analysis and Meta-regression
Authors: Bethel M. Angelyn , Diaz Rafael , Castellana Noelia , Bhattacharya Indranil , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Lakshmanan Mark C. 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND
Long-term glycemic control reduces retinopathy risk, but transient worsening can occur with glucose control intensification. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) lower glucose, but the long-term impact on retinopathy is unknown. GLP-1RA cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) provide long-term follow-up, allowing examination of retinopathy outcomes.

PURPOSE
To examine the associations between retinopathy, HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and weight in GLP-1RA CVOTs.

DATA SOURCES
Systematic review identified six placebo-controlled GLP-1RA CVOTs reporting prespecified retinopathy outcomes.

STUDY SELECTION
Published trial reports were used as the primary data sources.

DATA EXTRACTION
HbA1c, SBP, and weight data throughout follow-up by treatment group were extracted.

DATA SYNTHESIS
Random-effects model meta-analysis showed no association between GLP-1RA treatment and retinopathy (odds ratio [OR] 1.10; 95% CI 0.93, 1.30), with high heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 52.2%; Q statistic P = 0.063). Univariate meta-regression showed an association between retinopathy and average HbA1c reduction during the overall follow-up (slope = 0.77, P = 0.007), but no relationship for SBP or weight. Sensitivity analyses for HbA1c showed a relationship at 3 months (P = 0.006) and 1 year (P = 0.002). A 0.1% (1.09 mmol/mol) increase in HbA1c reduction was associated with 6%, 14%, or 8% increased Ln(OR) for retinopathy at the 3-month, 1-year, and overall follow-up, respectively.

LIMITATIONS
CVOTs were not powered to assess retinopathy outcomes and differed in retinopathy-related criteria and methodology. The median follow-up of 3.4 years is short compared with the onset of retinopathy.

CONCLUSIONS
HbA1c reduction was significantly associated with increased retinopathy risk in meta-regression for GLP-1RA CVOTs. The magnitude of HbA1c reduction was correlated with retinopathy risk in people with diabetes and additional cardiovascular risk factors, but the long-term impact of improved glycemic control on retinopathy was unmeasured in these studies. Retinopathy status should be assessed when intensifying glucose-lowering therapy.
GESTÃO PÚBLICA MUNICIPAL: ESTUDO DE CASO DO CONSELHO MUNICIPAL DE DIREITOS DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA E ALTAS HABILIDADES DE PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Teixeira Silva Marco Aurelio 
Published: December 2020

No Brasil, cerca de 45 milhões de pessoas possuem alguma deficiência, desse número, 26,5% são mulheres e 21,2% são homens (IBGE, 2010). Na cidade de Pelotas/RS para combater essas adversidades e ajudar a população deficiente foi criado em 1992 o Conselho Municipal de Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência e Altas Habilidades, o primeiro do estado do Rio Grande do Sul e segundo do Brasil. Dado o breve exposto, a presente pesquisa objetiva analisar como ocorre a atuação do Conselho Municipal de Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência e Alta Habilidade de Pelotas, visando à garantia dos direitos das pessoas com deficiência, bem como seu bem estar e qualidade de vida no município. Para tal, nosso estudo se concentra em um caráter qualitativo, no qual realizaremos uma investigação por meio entrevistas semiestruturadas à presidência do Conselho analisado. Assim, tendo como público-alvo as pessoas com deficiências da cidade de Pelotas, acreditamos que o conselho lhes garante/assegura seus direitos, proporcionando acesso à sociedade, por meio da garantia da inclusão social, familiar, acesso ao transporte, educação, saúde, prioridade em atendimento, segurança, acessibilidade, programas assistenciais, vagas no mercado de trabalho e etc. Por fim, ao longo da pesquisa, discorreremos sobre os problemas enfrentados pelo Conselho e sobre as mudanças na sociedade pelotense, visando direitos, cidadania e inclusão social da pessoa com deficiência.
Pribadi yang Bertumbuh dalam Roman Trois Femmes Puissantes Karya Marie Ndiaye
Authors: Sofyanti Diajeng , Artanti Yeni 
Published: December 2020

Semua manusia menjalani kehidupannya dengan bertumbuh, baik secara fisik maupun secara psikis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pertumbuhan kepribadian sebagai sosok perempuan yang menunjukkan superioritasnya dalam roman "Trois Femmes Puissantes" karya Marie Ndiaye. Sumber data penelitian adalah cerita bagian pertama pada roman "Trois Femmes Puissantes" karya Marie NDiaye yang diterbikan oleh Gallimard tahun 2009. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya dengan membaca, mengidentifikasi, mencatat, membuat tabel, dan mengkategorisasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tokoh Norah pada awalnya memiliki kepribadian inferior dan pendendam, lalu terdapat perubahan kepribadian, yaitu menjadi pribadi yang cerdas, pekerja keras, kreatif, tepat janji dan pemaaf. Proses pendidikan yang dilaluinya dan lingkungan yang positif membuat Norah mampu berdamai dengan dirinya sendiri dan sekitarnya. Selain itu, tokoh Norah menujukkan wujud superioritas baik sebagai pribadi sehingga menjadi pribadi yang sehat dan tumbuh. Tokoh Norah menunjukkan bahwa 'growth mindset' diperlukan untuk terus bertumbuh menjadi pribadi yang sehat.
Kata kunci: kepribadian; superioritas; psikologi individual; Adler; growth mindset[Becoming Growth Person in Marie Ndiaye’s Trois Femmes Puissantes] All humans do their task by growing, both physically and psychologically. This study aims to describe the process of personality growth as a female figure that shows her superiority in Marie Ndiaye's "Trois Femmes Puissantes". The source of the research data is the story of the first part of the novel "Trois Femmes Puissantes" by Marie NDiaye published by Gallimard in 2009. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with reading, identifying, taking notes, making tables, and categorizing as data collection techniques. The results showed that Norah initially had an inferior and vengeful personality, then becoming a smart, hard-working, creative, right on promise and forgiving. The educational process and the positive environment made Norah able to make peace with herself and her surroundings. In addition, Norah shows a form of superiority both as a person so that he becomes a healthy and growing person. So, this character shows that a "growth mindset" is needed to continue to grow into a healthy person.
Effect of Rye Grain Derived from Different Cultivars or Maize Grain Use in the Diet on Ruminal Fermentation Parameters and Nutrient Digestibility in Sheep
Authors: Rajtar Patrycja , Górka Paweł , Śliwiński Bogdan , Wieczorek Jarosław , Boros Danuta , Micek Piotr 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Six wether sheep with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square to determine the effect of rye grain (from an open-pollinated or a hybrid cultivar) and maize grain from hybrid cultivar inclusion in the diet on ruminal fermentation parameters and nutrient digestion in different gastrointestinal tract compartments. The experimental diets consisted of meadow hay (800 g/day) and a concentrate mixture (300 g/day) that contained rye grain from an openpollinated cultivar (OPRG), rye grain from a hybrid cultivar (HRG), or maize grain from a hybrid cultivar (MG) as a main energy source. Each experimental period lasted 17 days and consisted of 10 days for diet adaptation and 7 days for data and sample collection. Ruminal fermentation (pH, short-chain fatty acids, and ammonia concentration) and nutrient digestion up to the duodenum (in reticulorumen, omasum, and abomasum), in the intestine, as well as in the total digestive tract was investigated. Mean ruminal pH was higher for MG compared to HRG and OPRG (P<0.01) but did not differ between HRG and OPRG (6.45, 6.35, and 6.29 for MG, HRG, and OPRG, respectively). Treatment did not affect short-chain fatty acid concentration in the rumen, except for the molar proportions of valeric acid and of isovaleric acid of the total short-chain fatty acids, which was or tended to be higher (P≤0.06) for MG compared to HRG and OPRG. Less starch was digested in the gastrointestinal tract up to the duodenum and more in the intestine for MG compared to HRG and OPRG (P=0.01); however, total tract nutrient digestibility did not differ between treatments. In conclusion, usage of rye grain in sheep diets resulted in a lower ruminal pH compared to maize grain usage. No differences for ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestion up to the duodenum, in the intestine, as well as in the total digestive tract between rye grain from open-pollinated and hybrid cultivar usage in sheep diets were found.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Dried Tuber of Jerusalem Artichoke on Skatole Level in Backfat and CYP2E1 mRNA Expression in Liver of Boars
Authors: Zadinová Kateřina , Stratil Antonín , Van Poucke Mario , Peelman Luc J. , Čítek Jaroslav , Okrouhlá Monika , Lebedová Nicole , Pokorná Kamila , Šprysl Michal , Stupka Roman 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of diets containing different levels of dried tuber of Jerusalem artichoke, Helianthus tuberosus, on skatole levels in backfat and on the CYP2E1 mRNA expression in the liver of commercial crossbred pigs. A total of 23 uncastrated male pigs from 10 litters of a commercial crossbred population of Large White × (Landrace × Large White), were used in this study. Boars were randomly divided into four different dietary treatment groups – a control group (K1; 5 boars; without supplementation of Jerusalem artichoke) and three experimental groups (6 boars each) that were fed with the diet containing different levels of dried Jerusalem artichoke (K2 – 4.1%; K3 – 8.2%; K4 – 12.2%) for 14 days before slaughter. Significant effects of diet on skatole levels were observed between the control group and the experimental groups (P = 0.0078). The lowest level of skatole was in the K3 group with 8.2% of Jerusalem artichoke. As for CYP2E1, a negative correlation was observed between the levels of skatole and CYP2E1 mRNA expression. Significant effect (P = 0.0055) was found in all experimental groups compared to the K1 group, and most pronounced in the K2 and K3 groups. The supplementation with Jerusalem artichoke resulted in lower level of skatole and higher CYP2E1 mRNA expression. The results suggest that affecting the expression of CYP2E1 by feed supplements could be an option to effectively reduce the levels of skatole in adipose tissue of entire male pigs.
Occlusal sequalae of the loss of first permanent molars among children and adolescents.
Authors: Kallos Henrietta Hilda , Markovics Emese Rita , Pop Silvia Izabella , Mártha Krisztina I. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the disintegration of the contact point system, the occlusal changes, and the masticatory force following the loss of the first permanent molars (FPM).
Material and methods: Clinical examinations were performed among 8-18-year-olds following the changes in the contact points and their effects on the dento-maxillary apparatus. The sample comprises 422 individuals, 220 girls and 202 boys. The occlusal masticatory force was measured using the T-Scan in the case of the opening of contact points. For the statistical data analysis, was used correlation and Chi Square Test in the GraphPad InStat program.
Results: A very weak reverse dependence was found between the size of the edentulous space and the deflection of the upper and lower interincisal lines (r=-0.02) and between the age and size of the edentulous space (r=-0.05). There is a statistically significant chance of mandibular lateral deviation by dental migration following edentulism (p=0.043). In the case of the opening of contact points, there are 1.42 times higher risks of modified sagital relationship in the molar segment (p=0.016) and 2.7 times greater risks of the tipping of the neighbouring teeth (p=0.021). Following the evaluation of the T-Scan measurements, we found in each case a significant decrease in the masticatory force in the edentulous area and the opening of the interproximal contact points.
Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, we can state that the opening of contact points decisively influences the stability of the occlusion and the size of the masticatory force.
Sentiment Analysis of Tweets on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic from Metro Manila, Philippines
Authors: Garcia Manuel B. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
From the outbreak of a novel COronaVIrus Disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan to the first COVID-19 case in the Philippines, Filipinos have been enthusiastically engaging on Twitter to convey their sentiments. As such, this paper aims to identify the public opinion of Filipino twitter users concerning COVID-19 in three different timelines. Toward this goal, a total of 65,396 tweets related to COVID-19 were sent to data analysis using R Statistical Software. Results show that “mask”, “health”, “lockdown”, “outbreak”, “test”, “kit”, “university”, “alcohol”, and “suspension” were some of the most frequently occurring words in the tweets. The study further investigates Filipinos’ emotions regarding COVID-19 by calculating text polarity of the dataset. To date, this is the first paper to perform sentiment analysis on tweets pertaining to COVID-19 not only in the Filipino context but worldwide as well.