bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influential Parameter analysis of spread GFRP stay-in-place form deformation
Authors: Tong Zhaojie , Zhang Hailong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Recently spread GFRP stay-in place forms with T-ribs have been applied to bridge engineering in China. The deformation non-uniformity of spread GFRP plates in the deck transverse direction is more significant than that of narrow GFRP plates. In order to investigate the influential parameters of deformation, a 1.8 m simply supported GFRP plate was analysed using ANSYS. The analysis results show that (1) the maximum deflection of side GFRP plates is larger than that of middle plates; (2) the maximum deflection is affected by rib thickness, plate height, rib spacing and bottom plate thickness; (3) the non-uniformity of deflection is mainly affected by rib spacing and bottom plate thickness; (4) the rib thickness has little effect on the non-uniformity of deflection, and a higher GFRP plate results in a larger non-uniformity of deflection. Based on the analysis results, some measures on improving the flexural stiffness of GFRP plates in the transverse and longitudinal directions are proposed.
Experimental analysis of the addition of rice husk ash to the clayey subgrade of a road stabilized with lime
Authors: Vizcarra S , Lujan I , Soto M , Durán G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
There are many studies about how the addition of lime and rice husk ash (RHA) gives the soil a better mechanical behavior, particularly on clayey soils, where usually fine particles reach more than 75%. However, the soils with a small presence of fine particles (59-60%) do not have much research. This analysis evaluates the influence that RHA has on this kind of soil stabilized with 3% of lime. After the initial mix of soil-lime, CBR increased 11.2 times its initial value; within the addition of the ash, the CBR averaged between 45-50% up until 28% of RHA was added, where the results decreased considerably. Soil workability improved and the specimens with more ash resulted in a more granular material, with a group index value 0 following the AASHTO standards. The greatest CBR record was obtained with the specimen of 16% RHA, 3% lime and soil, reaching a 51.3% CBR, 1.58g/cm3 of MDD and 16.5% of OMC. Yet, it only showed a 1.55% more resistance than the lime-soil specimen. The CBR with more presence of RHA tends to decrease its value, therefore for silica-rich clayey soils, the addition of lime by itself should be enough for an adequate performance.
Excited State Relaxation Dynamics of Silicon Nanosheets using Time-dependent Density Functional Tight Binding Theory
Authors: Wang M Y , Wu Q 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
By combining time-dependent density functional tight binding (TD-DFTB) calculations for electrons with molecular dynamics simulations, time evolution of excited state relaxation and single electron self-trapping of silicon nanosheets (SinHm) are investigated. We identify the atoms and bonds contributing to the excitations and observe the time evolution of charge density, indicating the migration of exciton from initial position to neighboring bonds. Different temperature 50K and 100K are attempted in the MD simulations, and the temperature is found to affect the electronic localization. Our simulations reveal the formation of exciton trapping and localization on certain bonds upon excitation within the timescale about 200-300fs. In summary, TD-DFTB excited state MD simulations can provide interesting insights into photoreactions and have crucial implications in modulating the exciton transport efficiency in strongly confined low-dimensional systems.
Synthesis and property of a novel clay anti-swelling agent
Authors: Du Weichao , Wei Jinwen , Zhang Yunyue , Chen Gang , Zhang Jie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this work, a novel oil field clay anti-swelling agent triethylallyl ammonium bromide (TEAAB) was prepared. The effect of reaction condition on TEAAB yield was studied, and the optimal reaction conditions is reaction temperature 60 °C, reaction time 7 hours, and molar ratio of raw materials of (triethylamine: bromopropene) = 1.4. Anti-swelling results showed that TEAAB has an excellent anti-swelling performance and the anti-swelling rate is up to 98% when the dosage was 6%.
The Preparation and Characterization of Cu/AA6061 multi-layer Composte produced by Accumulated Roll Bonding
Authors: Quang P , Hao P T 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe present study focuses on the preparation and characterization of Cu/AA6061 multi-layer composite materials produced by accumulated roll bonding (ARB). The bonding between metallic layers and the microstructure of samples was characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing which were used to characterize the mechanical properties. After four ARB cycles, the interface only displays a little bit, showing that the good contact between layers were formed and the mechanical properties were improved. The both materials have a fine microstructure with grain sizes decreased with increasing cycles of ARB.
MIXnorm: normalizing RNA-seq data from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples
Authors: Yin Shen , Wang Xinlei , Jia Gaoxiang , Xie Yang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMotivationRecent studies have shown that RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) can be used to measure mRNA of sufficient quality extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues to provide whole-genome transcriptome analysis. However, little attention has been given to the normalization of FFPE RNA-seq data, a key step that adjusts for unwanted biological and technical effects that can bias the signal of interest. Existing methods, developed based on fresh-frozen or similar-type samples, may cause suboptimal performance.ResultsWe proposed a new normalization method, labeled MIXnorm, for FFPE RNA-seq data. MIXnorm relies on a two-component mixture model, which models non-expressed genes by zero-inflated Poisson distributions and models expressed genes by truncated normal distributions. To obtain maximum likelihood estimates, we developed a nested EM algorithm, in which closed-form updates are available in each iteration. By eliminating the need for numerical optimization in the M-step, the algorithm is easy to implement and computationally efficient. We evaluated MIXnorm through simulations and cancer studies. MIXnorm makes a significant improvement over commonly used methods for RNA-seq expression data.Availability and implementationR code available at https://github.com/S-YIN/MIXnorm.Contactswang@smu.eduSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Child Protection Hypothetical Case Studies for a Virtual Archive: Professional Perspectives Versus the Lived Experience and Expertise of Care Leavers in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Mendes Philip , Wilson Jacqueline Z , Golding Frank 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
For children in out-of-home care (OOHC) and adults who experienced OOHC as children, the records compiled by care workers, social workers and other relevant personnel present multiple ongoing problems. The records often embody deeply contested narratives that may include distortions and misinterpretations of facts, judgemental inferences, moralistic attitudes and other problematic aspects that can leave the care leaver at best ill-served and at worst profoundly distressed and traumatised. This article, an auto-ethnographic collaboration between a social work professional and two care leavers, aims to address these issues by constructing a ‘virtual archive’ consisting of several hypothetical records compiled in the style typically employed by caseworkers, which are then critiqued by the care leavers. In each case, the record is found to have significant shortcomings in terms of what is included or omitted, the tone, and implied judgements. The article concludes with a discussion that identifies a number of thematic issues and pitfalls intrinsic to the task of record-keeping in the OOHC context and makes recommendations aimed at achieving inclusive, rights-based processes and procedures in the creation and maintenance of records.
Evolution and classification of figs (Ficus, Moraceae) and their close relatives (Castilleae) united by involucral bracts
Authors: Clement Wendy L , Bruun-Lund Sam , Cohen Alanna , Kjellberg Finn , Weiblen George D , Rønsted Nina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFigs and fig wasps are a classic example of an obligate pollination mutualism. Decades of work untangling the ecology and evolution of these organisms has simultaneously contributed to development of the fields of mutualism, coevolution and plant–insect interactions at large. With &gt; 800 species, figs (Ficus, Moraceae) are among some of the larger genera of angiosperms. Phylogenetic studies of Moraceae have supported the clade Castilleae as the sister lineage of Ficus. Compared to Ficus, Castilleae have many fewer species (60 species in 11 genera), suggesting changes in rates of diversification along these two branches. Relatively little is known about Castilleae compared to Ficus, and we argue that defining the clade comprising Ficus and Castilleae, hereafter Involucrata, focuses attention on opportunities for comparative studies of pollination mutualisms and diversification rates. In this study, we define Involucrata and propose a revised classification scheme that accounts for the phylogenetic reconstruction based on the most comprehensive sampling of this group to date. Moving forward, this classification will better guide and support evolutionary, ecological and comparative pollination biology studies of this group.
A left ventricular lead implantation at the latest site based on four-dimensional computed tomography: a case report
Authors: Matsumoto Akinori , Ogawa Ryo , Maeda Masafumi , Inakami Aya 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) could be an effective therapy for patients suffering from severe heart failure (HF) despite optimal medical therapy. However, it has been reported that about 30% of patients receive ineffective results even if CRT has been performed. In a recent study, four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) was shown to be useful for pre-operative planning in transcatheter aortic valve intervention. The 4DCT is reconstructed with 10% increments over the cardiac cycle so that the displacement of the myocardium can be evaluated over time. From the above, we considered that the most delayed site where we would implant the left ventricular (LV) lead could be recognized by 4DCT.

Case summary
A 55-year-old man with a recurrent admission for HF indicated for CRT was referred to our hospital. In this patient, the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a relatively narrow QRS complex with a left bundle branch block pattern. An echocardiography demonstrated severe LV dysfunction. Although no dyssynchrony was detected, the LV lead was inserted into the most delayed site based on the 4DCT. Three-month later, the ejection fraction increased and the cardiothoracic ratio obviously shortened.

Discussion
We experienced a case in which we could evaluate the effective implantation site for the LV lead based on the 4DCT even though the effective site was not detected by echocardiography, and we could implant the LV lead at that effective site. The 4DCT may be useful for implanting LV leads in effective sites.
Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome due to deformation of the patent foramen ovale caused by a dilated ascending aorta: a case report
Authors: Hasegawa Misaki , Nagai Tomoo , Murakami Tsutomu , Ikari Yuji 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is characterized by dyspnoea and arterial desaturation in the sitting position. Although its pathophysiology is complex and still needed to be investigated, the disease is one of the clinical situations which should be immediately and adequately managed by health care workers from the initial presentation.

Case summary
A 66-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus, deep vein thrombosis, and lumbar compression fracture was admitted for evaluation of the sudden onset of dyspnoea, while in the sitting position that was relieved on placing her in the supine position. Her transoesophageal echocardiogram did reveal a deformity in the patent foramen ovale (PFO) structure with a wide gap due to aortic compression, which was markedly different from that observed in the supine position, along with massive right-to-left shunting caused by redirected venous return due to a persistent Eustachian valve. With the computed tomography and angiograms, POS was diagnosed. Then, the patient received aortic replacement and patch closure of PFO, and her symptoms were completely resolved.

Discussion
Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome is a condition with quite unique features and needs multiple clinical measures for the diagnosis and medical management. For all health care workers, it is essential to have a high suspicion in order to detect POS in patients with unexplained dyspnoea. Echocardiography plays a major role in establishing the diagnosis and offering the choice of therapeutic options.
Impact of frailty on outcomes in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Nishihira Kensaku , Yoshioka Goro , Kuriyama Nehiro , Ogata Kenji , Kimura Toshiyuki , Matsuura Hirohide , Furugen Makoto , Koiwaya Hiroshi , Watanabe Nozomi , Shibata Yoshisato 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Aims
Frailty is characterized by reduced biological reserves and weakened resistance to stressors, and is common in older adults. This study evaluated the prognostic implications of frailty at hospitalization in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods and results
We prospectively analysed 546 AMI patients aged ≥80 years undergoing PCI from 2009 to 2017. Frailty was classified based on impairment in walking (unassisted, assisted, and wheelchair/non-ambulatory), cognition (normal, mildly impaired, moderately to severely impaired), and basic activities of daily living. Impairment in each domain was scored as 0, 1, or 2, and patients were categorized into the following three groups based on total score: no frailty (0), mild frailty (1–2), moderate-to-severe frailty (≥3). The median follow-up period was 589 days. Of the 546 patients, 27.8% were frail (mild or moderate-to-severe), and this proportion significantly increased to 35.5% at discharge (P &lt; 0.001). Compared to non-frail patients, frail patients were older, less likely to be male, and had a higher rate of advanced Killip class. Major bleeding (no frailty, 9.6%; mild frailty, 16.9%; moderate-to-severe frailty, 31.8%; P &lt; 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (no frailty, 8.4%; mild frailty, 15.4%; moderate-to-severe frailty, 27.3%; P &lt; 0.001) increased as frailty worsened. After adjusting for confounders, frailty was independently associated with higher mid-term all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.23–2.65; P = 0.002).

Conclusion
Frailty in AMI patients aged ≥80 years undergoing PCI was associated with major bleeding, in-hospital death, and mid-term mortality.
High-resolution longitudinal N- and O-glycoprofiling of human monocyte-to-macrophage transition
Authors: Hinneburg Hannes , Pedersen Jessica L , Bokil Nilesh J , Pralow Alexander , Schirmeister Falko , Kawahara Rebeca , Rapp Erdmann , Saunders Bernadette M , Thaysen-Andersen Morten 
Published: February 2020

AbstractProtein glycosylation impacts the development and function of innate immune cells. The glycophenotypes and the glycan remodelling associated with the maturation of macrophages from monocytic precursor populations remain incompletely described. Herein, label-free porous graphitised carbon–liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (PGC-LC-MS/MS) was employed to profile with high resolution the N- and O-glycome associated with human monocyte-to-macrophage transition. Primary blood-derived CD14+ monocytes were differentiated ex vivo in the absence of strong anti- and proinflammatory stimuli using a conventional 7-day granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor differentiation protocol with longitudinal sampling. Morphology and protein expression monitored by light microscopy and proteomics validated the maturation process. Glycomics demonstrated that monocytes and macrophages display similar N-glycome profiles, comprising predominantly paucimannosidic (Man1-3GlcNAc2Fuc0–1, 22.1–30.8%), oligomannosidic (Man5-9GlcNAc2, 29.8–35.7%) and α2,3/6-sialylated complex-type N-glycans with variable core fucosylation (27.6–39.1%). Glycopeptide analysis validated conjugation of these glycans to human proteins, while quantitative proteomics monitored the glycoenzyme expression levels during macrophage differentiation. Significant interperson glycome variations were observed suggesting a considerable physiology-dependent or heritable heterogeneity of CD14+ monocytes. Only few N-glycome changes correlated with the monocyte-to-macrophage transition across donors including decreased core fucosylation and reduced expression of mannose-terminating (paucimannosidic-/oligomannosidic-type) N-glycans in macrophages, while lectin flow cytometry indicated that more dramatic cell surface glycan remodelling occurs during maturation. The less heterogeneous core 1-rich O-glycome showed a minor decrease in core 2-type O-glycosylation but otherwise remained unchanged with macrophage maturation. This high-resolution glycome map underpinning normal monocyte-to-macrophage transition, the most detailed to date, aids our understanding of the molecular makeup pertaining to two vital innate immune cell types and forms an important reference for future glycoimmunological studies.
A novel homozygous mutation of phospholipase C zeta leading to defective human oocyte activation and fertilization failure
Authors: Yuan Peng , Yang Cen , Ren Yixin , Yan Jie , Nie Yanli , Yan Liying , Qiao Jie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSTUDY QUESTIONIs a novel homozygous phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ), c.1658 G&gt;C; p. R553P mutation in the C2 domain associated with the outcomes of recurrent fertilization failure after ICSI?SUMMARY ANSWERPLCζ, c.1658 G&gt;C led to defective human oocyte activation and fertilization failure, while this mutation in the C2 domain of PLCζ did not compromise concentration, motility and chromosome ploidy of sperm.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYSperm-specific PLCζ is now widely considered to be the physiological stimulus that evokes intracellular calcium (Ca2+) oscillations, which are essential for egg activation during mammalian fertilization. Thus far, few genetic studies have shown that different point mutations in the PLCζ gene are associated with male infertility.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONThis was a basic medical research to assess pathogenicity for novel mutation in the C2 domain of PLCζ during human fertilization.PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSSingle-cell omics were applied to analyze the DNA methylation state of the fertilization failure oocytes and the ploidy of the patient’s sperm. Whole genome sequencing data for the patient were analyzed for mutations in PLCζ. Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of a rare variant, and then the mutant and wild-type PLCζ mRNA were injected to observe oocyte activation.MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEThe fertilization failure oocytes (n = 4) were triploid and lacking proper DNA demethylation. The whole genome sequencing analysis revealed a novel missense homozygous mutation in PLCζ, c.1658 G&gt;C; p. R553P, which leads to the conversion of arginine 553 to proline. This point mutation does not affect the production of the corresponding protein in sperm. However, microinjection of the mRNA transcribed from the PLCζ R553P mutation gene failed to trigger oocyte activation and the subsequent embryo development.LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTIONOnly one patient with PLCζ mutations was available because of its rare incidence.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSNotably, we discovered a novel homozygous mutation in PLCζ, which results in an abnormal conformation at the C2 domain of the PLCζ protein. Our findings indicate an essential role of PLCζ in human fertilization and the requirement of a normal structure of C2 domain in PLCζ-mediated physiological function.STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)This project is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571544, 31871482, 31871447) and National Key Research and Development Program (2018YFC1004000, 2017YFA0103801). All authors declared no competing interests.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERNot applicable.
Repositioning rafoxanide to treat Gram-negative bacilli infections
Authors: Miró-Canturri Andrea , Ayerbe-Algaba Rafael , Villodres Ángel Rodríguez , Pachón Jerónimo , Smani Younes 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Repurposing drugs provides a new approach to the fight against MDR Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB). Rafoxanide, a veterinary antihelminthic drug, has shown antibacterial activity in vitro against Gram-positive bacteria. We aimed to analyse the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of rafoxanide in combination with colistin against colistin-susceptible (Col-S) and colistin-resistant (Col-R) GNB.

Methods
A collection of Col-S and Col-R Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were used. Chequerboard and time–kill curve analyses were performed to determine the synergy between rafoxanide and colistin. Changes in membrane structure and permeability were analysed using transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence assays. A murine peritoneal sepsis model using Col-R strains of these pathogens was performed to study the efficacy of rafoxanide (10 mg/kg/24 h, IV), colistimethate sodium (CMS) (20 mg/kg/8 h, intraperitoneally) and rafoxanide (10 mg/kg/24 h, IV) plus CMS (20 mg/kg/8 h, intraperitoneally) for 72 h.

Results
Rafoxanide showed MICs ≥256 mg/L for all Col-S and Col-R strains. Chequerboard and time–kill curve analyses showed that rafoxanide (1 mg/L) is more synergistic with colistin against Col-R than Col-S strains. Col-R, but not Col-S, strains treated with rafoxanide demonstrated higher membrane permeabilization. Transmission electron microscopy visualization confirmed that Col-R strains suffer morphological changes. In the murine peritoneal sepsis model with Col-R strains, rafoxanide plus CMS, compared with CMS alone, increased mouse survival to 53.8% and 73.3%, and reduced bacterial loads in tissues and blood between 2.34 and 4.99 log10 cfu/g or mL, respectively.

Conclusions
Rafoxanide repurposing, as monotherapy and in combination with CMS, may address the urgent need for new treatments for infections caused by MDR-GNB.