bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Location privacy-preserving in online taxi-hailing services
Authors: Shen Xiaoying , Wang Licheng , Pei Qingqi , Liu Yuan , Li Miaomiao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOnline taxi-hailing has become people’s most popular trip mode due to its convenience and low cost. However, it also poses a privacy threat to passengers and drivers, since the online taxi-hailing service providers are able to track their precise mobility trajectories. In addition, there is a certain time delay between the time of a passenger makes a request and the time of the driver arrives the passenger’s boarding position in current online taxi-hailing system. To solve these two problems, we present a new and efficient location privacy protection scheme based on the MinHash algorithm (LPPM). With the LPPM, the exact positions of passengers and drivers are generalized into a set of points of interest around them, and the distance between them is transformed into the similarity between the two sets. Thus a service provider can efficiently match passengers and drivers by using MinHash algorithm without revealing their specific location information. In this paper, we use mobile edge computing technology in the online taxi-hailing system to address the second challenge. It can speed up data processing, drivers can make decisions in advance and reduce the possibility of road congestion. Security analysis shows that LPPM has high security, and the final experimental results confirmed that LPPM is effective.
Coastal Impacts, Recovery, and Resilience Post-Hurricane Sandy in the Northeastern US
Authors: Babson Amanda L. , Bennett Richard O. , Adamowicz Susan , Stevens Sara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPost-Hurricane Sandy research has improved our understanding of coastal resilience during major storm events, accelerated sea level rise, and other climate-related factors, helping to enhance science-based decision-making, restoration, and management of coastal systems. The central question this special section examines is: “looking across the breadth of research, natural resource management actions and restoration projects post-Hurricane Sandy, what can we say about coastal impact, recovery, and resilience to prepare for increasing impacts of future storms?” These five studies, along with lessons from other published and unpublished research, advance our understanding beyond just the documentation of hurricane impacts but also highlights both natural and managed recovery, thereby advancing the developing field of coastal resilience.
On the Universal Unfolding of Vector Fields in One Variable: A Proof of Kostov’s Theorem
Authors: Klimeš Martin , Rousseau Christiane 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this note we present variants of Kostov’s theorem on a versal deformation of a parabolic point of a complex analytic 1-dimensional vector field. First we provide a self-contained proof of Kostov’s theorem, together with a proof that this versal deformation is indeed universal. We then generalize to the real analytic and formal cases, where we show universality, and to the $${\mathcal {C}}^\infty $$

C

∞

case, where we show that only versality is possible.
Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of precipitation in the north and south of Qin-ba Mountain area in recent 43 years
Authors: Cheng Zhigang , Chen Xiaoxiao , Zhang Yueyue , Jin Liya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUsing the daily precipitation data at 89 stations during 1975–2017 in the Qin-ba Mountain area, variation characteristics of different-grade precipitation in the north and south of the Qin-ba Mountain area are analyzed by the linear regression, Mann-Kendall test, and correlation analysis, based on the precipitation grade classification standard proposed by Dai Aiguo and the division of the geo-ecological boundary in mountain range presented by Kang Muyi. The results are as follows: (1) Light rain occurs most frequently, and the percentage of light rain in the north is twice that of the southern region. Rainstorms are the most rare. Precipitation above 800 mm mainly occurs south of the study area, and the result is consistent with the boundary between the north and south of the precipitation. (2) The beginning of precipitation mainly occurs in early April. The high precipitation concentration (PCD) in the north is an important reason for the debris flow disaster. The north-south precipitation concentration period (PCP) is about 1 month ahead of the central part. (3) In the past 43 years, the overall precipitation in the Qin-ba Mountain area has shown a decreasing trend, with the frequency of light rain and the percentage of heavy rain decreasing year by year. (4) The frequency of light rain is negatively correlated with other frequencies. In addition, the fewer days of precipitation, the later the precipitation concentration period (PCP) occurs, which means that the disaster occurs later.
Early Determinants of Work Disability in an International Perspective
Authors: Börsch-Supan Axel , Bucher-Koenen Tabea , Hanemann Felizia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study explores the interrelated roles of health and welfare state policies in the decision to take up disability insurance (DI) benefits due to work disability (WD), defined as the (partial) inability to engage in gainful employment as a result of physical or mental illness. We exploit the large international variation of health, self-reported WD, and the uptake of DI benefits in the United States and Europe using a harmonized data set with life history information assembled from SHARE, ELSA, and HRS. We find that the mismatch between WD and DI benefit receipt varies greatly across countries. Objective health explains a substantial share of the within-country variation in DI, but this is not the case for the variation across countries. Rather, most of the variation between countries and the mismatches are explained by differences in DI policies.
Radium-223 voor gemetastaseerd castratieresistent prostaatcarcinoom: stand van zaken en toekomstperspectief
Authors: Wyndaele Dirk N. J. 
Published: August 2020

SamenvattingHet arsenaal aan levensverlengende systemische behandelingen voor gemetastaseerd castratieresistent prostaatcarcinoom (mCRPC) is de afgelopen jaren uitgebreid met radium-223 (Ra-223), abirateron, enzalutamide en cabazitaxel. Ra-223 is sinds 2013 in de Europese Unie als Targeted alpha Therapy (TaT) geregistreerd voor de behandeling van patiënten met mCRPC met symptomatische botmetastasen. Recente aanbevelingen van een Europese expertgroep voor de optimale inzet van alle levensverlengende behandelopties voor mCRPC geven aan dat Ra-223 een relevante optie is voor de tweede- en derdelijnsbehandeling na androgeenreceptorremmers en/of docetaxel. Dit overzichtsartikel vat deze aanbevelingen samen. Tevens wordt de praktijkervaring beschreven die de afgelopen jaren met Ra-223 is opgebouwd en wordt ingegaan op de belangrijkste recent voltooide en nog lopende klinische studies naar Ra-223 in combinatie met docetaxel, androgeenreceptorremmers, immuunmodulerende antikankermiddelen of PARP-remmers. De mogelijk toekomstige toepassing van op PSMA gerichte radioligandtherapie bij prostaatkanker wordt kort uitgelicht.
Strongly Possible Keys for SQL
Authors: Alattar Munqath , Sali Attila 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMissing data value is an extensive problem in both research and industrial developers. Two general approaches are there to deal with the problem of missing values in databases; they could be either ignored (removed) or imputed (filled in) with new values (Farhangfar et al. in IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern-Part A: Syst Hum 37(5):692–709, 2007). For some SQL tables, it is possible that some candidate key of the table is not null-free and this needs to be handled. Possible keys and certain keys to deal with this situation were introduced in Köhler et al. (VLDB J 25(4):571–596, 2016). In the present paper, we introduce an intermediate concept called strongly possible keys that is based on a data mining approach using only information already contained in the SQL table. A strongly possible key is a key that holds for some possible world which is obtained by replacing any occurrences of nulls with some values already appearing in the corresponding attributes. Implication among strongly possible keys is characterized, and Armstrong tables are constructed. An algorithm to verify a strongly possible key is given applying bipartite matching. Connection between matroid intersection problem and system of strongly possible keys is established. For the cases when no strongly possible keys hold, an approximation notion is introduced to calculate the closeness of any given set of attributes to be considered as a strongly possible key using the $$g_3$$

g
3

measure, and we derive its component version $$g_4$$

g
4

. Analytical comparisons are given between the two measures.
Schilddrüse: Fertilität, Schwangerschaft und Laktation
Authors: Pilz Stefan , Theiler-Schwetz Verena , Malle Oliver , Steinberger Eva , Pandis Marlene , Lerchbaum Elisabeth , Trummer Christian 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungSchilddrüsenhormone und Schilddrüsenerkrankungen spielen eine wichtige Rolle bei Fertilität, Schwangerschaft und Laktation. Die diversen Richtlinien und Expertenempfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie von Schilddrüsenerkrankungen bei Kinderwunsch und Schwangerschaft sind teils heterogen und oftmals ohne klare Handlungsanweisung für oder gegen eine bestimmte Maßnahme, was eine gewisse Verunsicherung hervorruft. In diesem Übersichtsartikel möchten wir daher die derzeitige Evidenz auf diesem Gebiet in Bezug auf praktische Handlungsanweisungen darlegen, um dem Leser für die Praxis eine nützliche Entscheidungshilfe an die Hand zu geben. Wir werden besonders auf die aktuelle Evidenzlage bzgl. der Behandlung der latenten Hypothyreose präkonzeptionell, bei Infertilität und in der Schwangerschaft eingehen, sowie auf die Wichtigkeit der Beratung und gemeinsamen Therapieentscheidung bei Hyperthyreose und Kinderwunsch bzw. Schwangerschaft. Wir möchten auch besonders betonen, dass diverse wichtige Studien erst nach Publikation der aktuellen Richtlinien auf diesem Gebiet veröffentlicht wurden, was in der Routinebehandlung unserer Patientinnen natürlich berücksichtigt werden sollte. Da manifeste Schilddrüsenerkrankungen präkonzeptionell und in der Schwangerschaft häufig und in der Regel therapiebedürftig sind, plädieren wir für ein generelles Screening auf Schilddrüsenfunktionsstörungen bei allen Frauen mit Kinderwunsch sowie bei allen mit positivem Schwangerschaftstest.
Resident selection for emergency medicine specialty training in Canada: A survey of existing practice with recommendations for programs, applicants, and references
Authors: Hale Michael K. P. , Frank Jason R. , Cheung Warren J. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveLittle is known about how the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) residency programs are selecting their residents. This creates uncertainty regarding alignment between current selection processes and known best practices. We seek to describe the current selection processes of Canadian RCEM programs.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to all RCEM program directors and assistant directors. The survey instrument included 22 questions and sought both qualitative and quantitative data from the following six domains: application file, letters of reference, elective selection, interview, rank order, and selection process evaluation.ResultsWe received responses from 13 of 14 programs for an aggregate response rate of 92.9%. A candidate's letters of reference were identified as the most important criterion from the paper application (38.5%). Having a high level of familiarity with the applicant was the most important characteristic of a reference letter author (46.2%). In determining rank order, 53.8% of programs weighed the interview more heavily than the paper application. Once final candidate scores are established following the interview stage, all program respondents indicated that further adjustment is made to the final rank order list. Only 1 of 13 program respondents reported ever having completed a formal evaluation of their selection process.ConclusionWe have identified elements of the selection process that will inform recommendations for programs, students, and referees. We encourage programs to conduct regular reviews of their selection process going forward to be in alignment with best practices.
Russian Strategic Narratives on R2P in the ‘Near Abroad’
Authors: Pupcenoks Juris , Seltzer Eric James 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article assesses Russian strategic narratives towards its interventions in Georgia (2008) and Ukraine (2014–16) based on a new database of 50 statements posted on the websites of the Russian Mission to the United Nations and the President of Russia homepage. By looking more broadly at Russian strategic narratives aimed at persuading other global actors and publics abroad and at home, this article identifies how Russia attempted to develop a story that could win global acceptance. This analysis shows that contrary to traditional Russian emphasis on sovereign responsibility and non-intervention, Russia supported claims for self-determination by separatist groups in Georgia and Ukraine. Russia used deception and disinformation in its strategic narratives as it mis-characterized these conflicts using Responsibility to Protect (R2P) language, yet mostly justified its own interventions through references to other sources of international law. Russian strategic narratives focused on delegitimizing the perceived opponents, making the case for the appropriateness of its own actions, and projecting what it proposed as the proper solution to the conflicts. It largely avoided making any references to its own involvement in the Donbas at all. Additionally, Russia’s focus on the protection of co-ethnics and Russian-speakers is reminiscent of interventions in the pre-R2P era.
The DSM-5 Clinical and Public Health Committee (CPHC): operations, mechanics, controversies and recommendations
Authors: McIntyre John S. , Yager Joel , Everett Anita , Galanter Cathryn A. , Lyness Jeffrey M. , Nininger James , Reus Victor I. , Vergare Michael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor DSM – 5, the American Psychiatric Association Board of Trustees established a robust vetting and review process that included two review committees that did not exist in the development of prior DSMs, the Scientific Review Committee (SRC) and the Clinical and Public Health Committee (CPHC). The CPHC was created as a body that could independently review the clinical and public health merits of various proposals that would fall outside of the strictly defined scientific process.MethodsThis article describes the principles and issues which led to the creation of the CPHC, the composition and vetting of the committee, and the processes developed by the committee – including the use of external reviewers.ResultsOutcomes of some of the more involved CPHC deliberations, specifically, decisions concerning elements of diagnoses for major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, catatonia, and substance use disorders, are described. The Committee's extensive reviews and its recommendations regarding Personality Disorders are also discussed.ConclusionsOn the basis of our experiences, the CPHC membership unanimously believes that external review processes to evaluate and respond to Work Group proposals is essential for future DSM efforts. The Committee also recommends that separate SRC and CPHC committees be appointed to assess proposals for scientific merit and for clinical and public health utility and impact.
The dynamics of healthscaping: mapping communal hygiene in Bologna, 1287–1383
Authors: Zaneri Taylor , Geltner G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article traces how urban communities operating with a humoral or Galenic medical paradigm understood and confronted the health challenges facing them, using the extraordinarily well-documented case of Bologna, Italy. Working within a GIS environment, the authors spatially analyse over 3,500 events recorded by theUfficio del fangoconcerning violations of the city's health-related ordinances, augmented by other demographic and material data. As such, the study not only adds specificity to recent attempts to enrich the field of pre-modern public health, but also demonstrates that the Bolognese administration had a sophisticated and evolving understanding of communal health risks, and exposes several discrepancies between policy and practice.
Dispatcher Triage Accuracy in the Western Cape Government Emergency Medical Services System, Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Alshehri Mohammed F. , Pigoga Jennifer L. , Wallis Lee A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Triage - the sorting of patients according to urgency of need for clinical care - is an essential part of delivering effective and efficient emergency care. But when frequent over- or under-triaging occurs, finite time and resources are diverted away from those in greatest need of care and the entire Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system is strained. In resource-constrained settings, such as South Africa, poor triage in EMS only serves to compound other contextual challenges. This study examined the accuracy of dispatcher triage over a one-year period in the Western Cape Government (WCG) EMS system in South Africa.Methods:A retrospective analysis of existing dispatch and EMS data to assess the accuracy of dispatch-assigned priorities was conducted. The mismatch between dispatcher-assigned call priority and triage levels determined by EMS personnel was analyzed via over- and under-triage rates, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPVs and NPVs, respectively).Results:A total of 185,166 records from December 2016 through November 2017 were analyzed. Across all dispatch complaints, the over-triage rate was 67.6% (95% CI, 66.34-68.76) and the under-triage rate was 16.2% (95% CI, 15.44-16.90). Dispatch triage sensitivity for all included records was 49.2% (95% CI, 48.10-50.38), specificity 71.9% (95% CI, 71.00-72.92), PPV 32.5% (95% CI, 30.02-34.88), and NPV 83.8% (95% CI, 81.93-85.73).Conclusion:This study provides the first evaluation of dispatch triage accuracy in the WCG EMS system, identifying that the system is suffering from both under- and over-triage. Despite variance across dispatch complaints, both under- and over-triage remained higher than widely accepted norms, and all rates were significantly above acceptable target metrics described in similar studies. Results of this study will be used to motivate the development of more rigorous training programs and resources for WCG EMS dispatchers, including improved dispatch protocols for conditions suffering from high over- and under-triage.
Family function and eating behaviours among Hispanic/Latino youth: results from the Hispanic Community Children’s Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth)
Authors: Colón-Ramos U , Monge-Rojas R , Smith-Castro V , Wang J , Cheng YI , Perreira KM , Van Horn L , Sotres-Alvarez D , Isasi CR , Gallo LC 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjective:To elucidate mechanisms across family function, home environment and eating behaviours within sociocultural context among Hispanic youth.Design:Two models tested via path analysis (youth fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption; empty energy consumption) using data from the Study of Latino Youth (2011–2013).Setting:Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; Bronx, NY; San Diego, CA.Participants:Youth (8–16-year-olds),n1466.Results:Youth ate 2·4 servings of FV per d and received 27 % of total energy from empty energies. Perceiving higher acculturative stress was indirectly associated with lower FV consumption via a pathway of low family function and family support for FV (β= −0·013,P< 0·001) and via lower family closeness and family support (β= −0·004,P= 0·004). Being >12-year-olds was indirectly associated with lower FV consumption via lower family closeness and family support (β= −0·006,P< 0·001). Household food security was indirectly associated with greater FV consumption via family closeness and family support (β= 0·005,P= 0·003). In contrast, perceiving higher acculturative stress was indirectly associated with higher empty energy consumption (via family closeness and family support:β= 0·003,P= 0·028 and via low family function and low family support:β= 0·008,P= 0·05). Being older was associated with higher consumption of empty energies via family closeness (related to family support:β= 0·04,P= 0·016; parenting strategies for eating:β= 0·002,P= 0·049).Conclusions:Findings suggest pathways of influence across demographic and sociocultural context, family dynamics and home environment. The directionality of these associations needs confirmation using longitudinal data.
Nutritional breakfast quality and cardiometabolic risk factors: Health Survey of São Paulo, a population-based study
Authors: Félix Paula Victória , Pereira Jaqueline Lopes , Leme Ana Carolina Barco , de Castro Michelle Alessandra , Fisberg Regina Mara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the association between nutritional quality of breakfast and cardiometabolic risk factors.Design:Cross-sectional study, 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo (2015 ISA-Capital) with Focus on Nutrition Study (2015 ISA-Nutrition).Settings:Population-based study, with a representative sample of adults and elderlies living in São Paulo, Brazil.Participants:The sample included 606 adults (aged 20–59 years) and 537 elderlies (aged ≥60 years) from the 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo. Dietary intake was assessed by at least one 24-h recall. Breakfast quality was evaluated using the proposed Brazilian Breakfast Quality Index (BQI), ranging scores from 0 to 10. BQI associations with sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietetic and cardiometabolic variables were estimated using survey-weighted multiple logistic regression models.Results:Being ≥60 years of age, self-identifying as White or Asian, having a per capita family income with ≥1 minimum wage, being sufficiently active at leisure time and non-smoker were associated with better scores of BQI. A higher BQI score was inversely associated with elevated blood pressure (OR 0·81, 95 % CI 0·70, 0·94), fasting glucose (OR 0·85, 95 % CI 0·73, 0·98), HOMA-IR (OR 0·86, 95 % CI 0·74, 0·98), total cholesterol (OR 0·87, 95 % CI 0·76, 0·99), LDL-C (OR 0·85, 95 % CI 0·74, 0·97), metabolic syndrome (OR 0·82, 95 % CI 0·72, 0·93) and being overweight (OR 0·87, 95 % CI 0·76, 0·99).Conclusions:Breakfast quality of Brazilian adults needs improvement with disparities across some sociodemographic factors. BQI was associated with lower odds of cardiometabolic risk factors, suggesting a beneficial effect in this population and emphasising the role of breakfast in reducing the risk of CVD.
THE POTENTIAL IN FREGE’S THEOREM
Authors: STAFFORD WILL 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIs a logicist bound to the claim that as a matter of analytic truth there is an actual infinity of objects? If Hume’s Principle is analytic then in the standard setting the answer appears to be yes. Hodes’s work pointed to a way out by offering a modal picture in which only a potential infinity was posited. However, this project was abandoned due to apparent failures of cross-world predication. We re-explore this idea and discover that in the setting of the potential infinite one can interpret first-order Peano arithmetic, but not second-order Peano arithmetic. We conclude that in order for the logicist to weaken the metaphysically loaded claim of necessary actual infinities, they must also weaken the mathematics they recover.