bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapidly growing Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit
Authors: Sakuda Tomohiko , Kubo Tadahiko , Shinomiya Rikuo , Furuta Taisuke , Adachi Nobuo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit is a rare benign lesion of subcutaneous tissue that typically arises in the parabone site of the proximal phalanx in young adult females. The lesion is histopathologically characterized by fibroblastic proliferation and osteoid formation. Good prognosis following complete surgical excision of the tumor has been reported, with a very low recurrence rate and no reports of malignant transformation. Despite its benign clinical behavior, the lesion can be mistaken for a malignant neoplasm, such as an extraskeletal or parosteal osteosarcoma, in case of rapid growth, thereby rendering the diagnosis challenging.

Patient concerns:
We report the case of a 30-year-old right-handed male who presented to our hospital with a rapidly growing mass on the dorsal aspect of the right little finger.

Diagnosis:
The patient was suspected to have soft tissue tumor of the little finger. The lesion could be considered a malignant tumor on the basis of clinical findings.

Interventions:
The patient underwent surgery for exploration and excision of the mass.

Outcomes:
The excised mass was diagnosed to be fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit upon histological assessment. Postoperatively, the wound healed without complications. At postoperative 6 months, there were no signs or symptoms of recurrence, and the patient returned to his premorbid functional status.

Conclusion:
Following the detection of a soft tissue mass with clinicopathological features of pseudomalignancy in the digit, clinicians should consider fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digit as a possible diagnosis, thereby avoiding unnecessary aggressive surgery.
Limitation of non-transplant treatment and proper timing for liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma considering long-term survival
Authors: Nomura Aya , Ishigami Masatoshi , Honda Takashi , Kuzuya Teiji , Ishizu Yoji , Ito Takanori , Kamei Hideya , Onishi Yasuharu , Ogura Yasuhiro , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the long-term survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after conventional treatment other than liver transplantation (LT) in our institute and discuss the limitation of non-transplant treatment for HCC and the proper indictors of LT in the recent comprehensive era.
Between 2003 and 2016, 181 patients with HCC aged ≦70 years received active treatment including liver resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). We analyzed the factors associated with overall survival and proposed new priority for the indicators of LT in HCC patients according to the extracted factors by comparing the survival with 39 transplanted patients with HCC.
Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score (HR: 1.276; 95% CI: 1.049–1.552, P = .015), and number of tumors (HR: 1.238; 95% CI: 1.112–1.377, P < .001) were selected as significant factors associated with the survival after active treatments for HCC. Patients with LT had significantly better long-term survival compared with those with non-transplant patients regardless of aforementioned factors. However, regarding relatively short survival (3 years), patients with CTP score of ≧9 and/or ≧3 tumors with non-transplant treatment had poorer survival compared with those of transplanted patients (P < .05).
We propose that CTP score of 9 and/or 3 tumors before non-transplant, intensive treatment might be a new priority for considering indicators of LT in patients with HCC.
Responses of metastatic primary fallopian tube carcinoma to pembrolizumab and nab-paclitaxel
Authors: Jiang Jian , Chen Zhi-peng , Zhu Hui-ping , Zhang Yong-qin , Qian Xiao-lan , Zhang Min , Ni Chen , Zuo Yun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is an extremely rare but invasive malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Very few data exist on the salvage treatment for patients with PFTC. Here we report a case showing an impressive response to immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, which have never been reported before on patients with metastatic PFTC.

Patient concerns:
A 42-year-old woman, who was diagnosed with PFTC in 2010, had been failed of multiple systemic therapies and antiangiogenic therapy because of the disease recurrence and progression.

Diagnosis:
Metastatic primary fallopian tube carcinoma.

Interventions:
The patient underwent surgery in May 2010 and had multi-line chemotherapies plus an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) monoclonal antibody for about 9 years. Due to treatment failure the patient accepted the immunotherapy with the checkpoint inhibitor, pembrolizumab, combined with nab-paclitaxel from December 2018 to April 2019.

Outcomes:
The patient showed a complete response after 6 cycles, treatment. Thus far, the patient is taking pembrolizumab as maintenance and remains in good health.

Lessons:
Pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy for treatment of PFTC may provide a positive antitumor effect in multiple metastatic lesions, but more clinical evidence is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety.
Improving FnCas12a genome editing by exonuclease fusion
Authors: Wu Yongqiang , Yuan Qichen , Zhu Yufeng , Gao Xiang , Song Jiabao , Yin Ziru 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAmong current reported Cas12a orthologs, Francisella novicida Cas12a (FnCas12a) is less restricted by protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), which will help target previously inaccessible genomic sites. However, the activity of FnCas12a nuclease is relatively low or undetectable in human cells, limiting its application as desirable genome engineering tools. Here, we describe TEXT (TetheringEXonucleaseT5 with FnCas12a), a fusion strategy that significantly increased the knockout efficiency of FnCas12a in human cells, at multiple genomic loci in three different cell lines. TEXT shows higher insertions and deletions (indels) efficiency than FnCas12a using different spacer lengths from 18nt to 23nt, in which 18nt results in highest fold increase, with up to 11 folds higher efficiency than FnCas12a. Deep sequencing shows that TEXT substantially increased the deletion frequency and deletion size at the targeted locus. TEXT enhances the activity of FnCas12a nuclease and expand its application in human cell genome engineering.
The Phylogenomics of CRISPR-Cas System inSalmonella: an evolutionary race with housekeeping genes
Authors: Kushwaha Simran Krishnakant , Lahiri Chandrajit , Abdella Bahaa , Marathe Sandhya Amol 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSalmonellaedisplay intricate evolutionary patterns comprising over 2500 serovars having diverse pathogenic profiles. The acquisition/exchange of various virulence factors influence the evolutionary framework. To gain insights into evolution ofSalmonellaas a pathogen in association with the CRISPR-Cas genes we performed phylogenetic surveillance across strains of 22Salmonellaserovars. The strains assorted into two main clades, pertaining to the differences in their CRISPR1-leader andcasoperon. ConsideringSalmonella entericasubsp.entericaserovar Typhimurium and serovar Typhi as signature serovars, we classified the clades as CRISPR1-STM/cas-STM and CRISPR1-STY/cas-STY, respectively. Serovars of the two clades displayed better relatedness, concerning CRISPR-1 leader andcasoperon, across genera than between themselves. This signifies the acquisition of CRISPR1/Cas region a horizontal gene transfer event owing to the presence of mobile genetic elements flanking CRISPR1 array. The CRISPR2 tree does not show such relation. Spacer mapping of the two CRISPR arrays suggests the construct to be canonical, with only 8.8% spacer conservation among the serovars. As opposed to broad-host-range serovars, the host-specific serovars harbor fewer spacers. All typhoidal serovars have CRISPR1-STY/cas-STY system. Comparison of CRISPR andcasphenograms with that of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) suggests differential evolution of CRISPR/Cas system implying supplementary roles beyond immunity.
MARCKS domain phosphorylation regulates the differential interaction of Diacylglycerol Kinase ζ with Rac1, RhoA and Syntrophin
Authors: Ard Ryan , Maillet Jean-Christian , Daher Elias , Phan Michael , Zinoviev Radoslav , Parks Robin J. , Gee Stephen H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCells can switch between Rac1, lamellipodia-based and RhoA, blebbing-based migration modes but the molecular mechanisms regulating this choice are not fully understood. Diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ), which phosphorylates diacylglycerol to yield phosphatidic acid, forms independent complexes with Rac1 and RhoA, selectively dissociating each from RhoGDI. DGKζ catalytic activity is required for Rac1 dissociation but is dispensable for RhoA dissociation. Instead, DGKζ functions as a scaffold that stimulates RhoA release by enhancing RhoGDI phosphorylation by protein kinase Cα (PKCα). Here, PKCα-mediated phosphorylation of the DGKζ MARCKS domain increased DGKζ association with RhoA and decreased its interaction with Rac1. The same modification increased binding of the DGKζ C-terminus to the α1-syntrophin PDZ domain. Expression of a phosphomimetic DGKζ mutant stimulated membrane blebbing in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and C2C12 myoblasts, which was augmented by inhibition of endogenous Rac1. DGKζ expression in differentiated C2 myotubes, which have low endogenous Rac1 levels, also induced substantial membrane blebbing via the Rho-ROCK pathway. These events were independent of DGKζ catalytic activity, but dependent upon a functional C-terminal PDZ-binding motif. Rescue of RhoA activity in DGKζ-null cells required the PDZ-binding motif, suggesting syntrophin interaction is necessary for optimal RhoA activation. Collectively, our results define a switch-like mechanism involving DGKζ phosphorylation by PKCα that favours RhoA-driven blebbing over Rac1-driven lamellipodia formation and macropinocytosis. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for the effect of PKCα signaling on Rho GTPase activity and suggest PKCα activity plays a role in the interconversion between Rac1 and RhoA signaling that underlies different migration modes.
Managing corporate brand behavioural integrity: a case of alleged violation of Halal certification
Authors: Butt Muhammad Mohsin , Khong Kok Wei , Alam Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to establish the psychometric properties of behavioural integrity scale at an organizational level from external stakeholders’ perspective and its subsequent influence on consumer trust and commitment with a brand. Moreover, the study also examines how different crisis response strategies moderate the relationship between consumer attributions of the responsibility and corporate brand behavioural integrity in the context of emotional product harm crisis caused by alleged violation of Halal certification by an MNC.

Design/methodology/approach
A quasi-experimental design was applied to test the impact of firm crisis response strategies on its corporate brand behavioural integrity.

Findings
The results provide evidence that behavioural integrity scale can be used to measure consumer perceptions of a corporate brand behavioural integrity. In addition, results indicate that crisis response strategies offer some moderating influence on the relationship between consumer attribution processes and corporate brand behavioural integrity.

Research limitations/implications
Results indicate that existing corporate crisis response strategies are not very helpful in the context of emotional product harm crisis. This study demonstrates that behavioural integrity positively impacts customer relationship-oriented constructs. Furthermore, behavioural integrity scale offers excellent psychometric properties when used at the corporate level.

Practical implications
Organizations can use this proposed conceptual model to monitor and manage behavioural integrity of its corporate brand and its influence on customer-brand relationship constructs.

Originality/value
This study is first of its nature that underscores the importance of measuring and monitoring corporate brand behavioural integrity as a customer trust-building mechanism. It is also the first study that investigates consumer reaction towards alleged brand transgression of its Halal certified product.
Next‐generation sequencing revealing TP53 mutation as potential genetic driver in dermal deep‐seated melanoma arising in giant congenital nevus in adult patients: A unique case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ricci Costantino , Ambrosi Francesca , Grillini Marco , Serra Margherita , Melotti Barbara , Gruppioni Elisa , Altimari Annalisa , Fiorentino Michelangelo , Dika Emi , Lambertini Martina , Corti Barbara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMelanoma in giant congenital nevus (M‐GCN) is a rare and potentially lethal neoplasm. In children, M‐GCN appears as a dermal/deep‐seated melanoma (DDM‐GCN) with histopathologic features difficult to distinguish from proliferative nodules (PNs‐GCN). DDM‐GCN in adults is an anecdotal entity and only 8 cases have been described and genetically characterized. We report the first case of DDM‐GCN in a 34‐year‐old man characterized with a large‐panel next‐generation sequence (NGS) highlighting a TP53 mutation with a UV‐signature (C>T substitution) in DDM but not in PNs‐GCN and GCN. Curiously, DDM showed an aberrant p16 overexpression without detection of CDKN2A mutation at NGS. In line with previous studies, it supports a different pathway in children and adults: UV‐induced mutations may be involved in the latter not only by CDKN2A but also by TP53 mutations, with a potentially confusing overexpression of p16 protein. While these data need to be confirmed in larger cases series, our results show that NGS could be an additional genetic diagnostic tool in DDM‐GCN.
STXBP1 encephalopathies: Clinical spectrum, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies
Authors: Abramov Debra , Guiberson Noah Guy Lewis , Burré Jacqueline 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMutations in Munc18‐1/STXBP1 (syntaxin‐binding protein 1) are linked to various severe early epileptic encephalopathies and neurodevelopmental disorders. Heterozygous mutations in the STXBP1 gene include missense, nonsense, frameshift, and splice site mutations, as well as intragenic deletions and duplications and whole‐gene deletions. No genotype–phenotype correlation has been identified so far, and patients are treated by anti‐epileptic drugs because of the lack of a specific disease‐modifying therapy. The molecular disease mechanisms underlying STXBP1‐linked disorders are yet to be fully understood, but both haploinsufficiency and dominant‐negative mechanisms have been proposed. This review focuses on the current understanding of the phenotypic spectrum of STXBP1‐linked disorders, as well as discusses disease mechanisms in the context of the numerous pathways in which STXBP1 functions in the brain. We additionally evaluate the available animal models to study these disorders and highlight potential therapeutic approaches for treating these devastating diseases.
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Modelling of self‐management in schizophrenia: The role of neurocognition, self‐efficacy and motivation
Authors: Zhou Chenxi , Li Zheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aimed to address the interrelationships among neurocognition, self‐efficacy, motivation and self‐management in individuals with schizophrenia.BackgroundSelf‐management performance of individuals with schizophrenia is relatively poor. The effect of neurocognitive impairment on self‐management in schizophrenia remains inconsistent, which may be attributed to the neglect of possible mediating factors. Little attention has been given to the role of motivation and self‐efficacy for linking neurocognition to self‐management.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThree hundred and twenty patients were recruited with convenience sampling in this study. Patients’ neurocognitive function, self‐efficacy, motivation and self‐management behaviours were measured. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis and path analysis were performed to examine the interrelationships. This study followed STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies (see Appendix S1).ResultsThe final model, with good fit indices, revealed that (1) neurocognition, self‐efficacy and motivation were directly associated with self‐management, (2) self‐efficacy and motivation partly mediated the impact of neurocognition on self‐management and (3) motivation additionally mediated the association of self‐efficacy and self‐management.ConclusionsOur study extends the current findings, indicating that self‐efficacy and motivation may act as mediators in the relationship between neurocognition and self‐management in schizophrenia.Relevance to clinical practiceMental health professionals should pay attention to interventions targeting both cognitive and psychosocial components to enhance self‐management in individuals with schizophrenia.
Rhythm Complexity Modulates Behavioral and Neural Dynamics During Auditory–Motor Synchronization
Authors: Mathias Brian , Zamm Anna , Gianferrara Pierre G. , Ross Bernhard , Palmer Caroline 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We addressed how rhythm complexity influences auditory–motor synchronization in musically trained individuals who perceived and produced complex rhythms while EEG was recorded. Participants first listened to two-part auditory sequences (Listen condition). Each part featured a single pitch presented at a fixed rate; the integer ratio formed between the two rates varied in rhythmic complexity from low (1:1) to moderate (1:2) to high (3:2). One of the two parts occurred at a constant rate across conditions. Then, participants heard the same rhythms as they synchronized their tapping at a fixed rate (Synchronize condition). Finally, they tapped at the same fixed rate (Motor condition). Auditory feedback from their taps was present in all conditions. Behavioral effects of rhythmic complexity were evidenced in all tasks; detection of missing beats (Listen) worsened in the most complex (3:2) rhythm condition, and tap durations (Synchronize) were most variable and least synchronous with stimulus onsets in the 3:2 condition. EEG power spectral density was lowest at the fixed rate during the 3:2 rhythm and greatest during the 1:1 rhythm (Listen and Synchronize). ERP amplitudes corresponding to an N1 time window were smallest for the 3:2 rhythm and greatest for the 1:1 rhythm (Listen). Finally, synchronization accuracy (Synchronize) decreased as amplitudes in the N1 time window became more positive during the high rhythmic complexity condition (3:2). Thus, measures of neural entrainment corresponded to synchronization accuracy, and rhythmic complexity modulated the behavioral and neural measures similarly.
Effect of Tranquil and Active Video Representations of an Unfamiliar Dog on Subjective Mental States
Authors: Ein Natalie , Reed Maureen J. , Vickers Kristin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to examine the effects of different videos of an unfamiliar dog (tranquil and active) on subjective mental state measures. All participants watched two videos of an unfamiliar dog (tranquil and active). Subjective measures of stress, anxiety, alertness, attention, likeability, and cuteness were assessed. The results showed that the tranquil dog video significantly decreased anxiety only. Additionally, the active dog video significantly decreased stress and anxiety. Across the videos, the results showed the active dog video significantly improved subjective alertness and attention when compared with the tranquil dog video. Lastly, the active dog video was rated more likeable and cuter relative to the tranquil dog video. The practical implications of these findings could include how to improve various subjective mental states for humans in public settings (e.g., hospital) where nonhuman animals are not always allowed.
Process Democracy
Authors: Vallier Kevin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Democratic theorists have proposed a number of competing justifications for democratic order, but no theory has achieved a consensus. While expecting consensus may be unrealistic, I nonetheless contend that we can make progress in justifying democratic order by applying competing democratic theories to different stages of the democratic process. In particular, I argue that the selection of political officials should be governed in accord with aggregative democracy. This process should prize widespread participation, political equality, and proper preference aggregation. I then argue that the selection of public policies by political officials should be governed in accord with deliberative democracy. This process should prize high quality deliberation and political equality. A process democracy is a democracy that joins an aggregative process for selecting officials with a deliberative process for selecting policies. Democracy is justified and legitimate when it is structured in this way.
Interpretable clinical prediction via attention-based neural network
Authors: Chen Peipei , Dong Wei , Wang Jinliang , Lu Xudong , Kaymak Uzay , Huang Zhengxing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The interpretability of results predicted by the machine learning models is vital, especially in the critical fields like healthcare. With the increasingly adoption of electronic healthcare records (EHR) by the medical organizations in the last decade, which accumulated abundant electronic patient data, neural networks or deep learning techniques are gradually being applied to clinical tasks by utilizing the huge potential of EHR data. However, typical deep learning models are black-boxes, which are not transparent and the prediction outcomes of which are difficult to interpret.

Methods
To remedy this limitation, we propose an attention neural network model for interpretable clinical prediction. In detail, the proposed model employs an attention mechanism to capture critical/essential features with their attention signals on the prediction results, such that the predictions generated by the neural network model can be interpretable.

Results
We evaluate our proposed model on a real-world clinical dataset consisting of 736 samples to predict readmissions for heart failure patients. The performance of the proposed model achieved 66.7 and 69.1% in terms of accuracy and AUC, respectively, and outperformed the baseline models. Besides, we displayed patient-specific attention weights, which can not only help clinicians understand the prediction outcomes, but also assist them to select individualized treatment strategies or intervention plans.

Conclusions
The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model can improve both the prediction performance and interpretability by equipping the model with an attention mechanism.