bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristic and Prognosis of Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: 35 Cases from Single Center in Recent Decade
Authors: Li Qiaoqi , Lin Lede , Li Jielang , Zhou Xiaojuan , Xu Yong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare carcinoma worldwide with low-grade malignancy. Few reports have evaluated large case series of EHE. And we tried to describe different treatment and the overall survival rate of EHE, exploring prognostic the factors of outcome.Methods: This was a retrospective study enrolling patients diagnosed with EHE in our center from June 2009 to March 2020. Data including demographic characteristics, laboratory date, treatments, imaging data, immunohistochemical results, follow-up results were collected, and a retrospective database was constructed for analysis.Results: This study enrolled 35 patients with EHE pathologically diagnosed in our center. We reported the mean onset age was 41 years old, ranging from 3 to 70. EHE was more common in female patients (60%). The most commonly affected organ was liver (63%). The 5-year survival rate was 62.86%. After we operated COX regression analyse to test the effect of age (≥55 years old or <55 years old), sex, position (multiple organs or single organ involved), symptoms (symptomatic or asymptomatic) and Ki-67 (≥10% or <10%) on disease outcome, we only found that Ki-67 was the independent factor affecting the prognosis, with significant P value equal to 0.034 and hazard ratio equal to 5.809.Conclusions: In conclusion, EHE has relatively low-grade malignancy and its 5-year survival rate is 62.86%. EHE patients whose Ki-67≥10% tended to experience poor outcome.
Impacts on Air Quality Index in the Industrial town of Asansol (West Bengal, India) due to COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Ghosh Rajrupa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The lockdown phase associated with COVID-19 pandemic initiated in full swing on and from 25th March, 2020 as preventive measures against the spreading of Corona virus. The objective of this study is to analyse the status of air quality of before and after lockdown in Asansol city which is second largest city of West Bengal, India and also known as “coal mining city”. Secondary data of five parameters like CO, SO2, NO2, PM2.5 and PM10 have been collected from Central Pollution Control Board, India. The result shows significant decrease of five parameters from 42.4 % (CO) to 63.4 % (NO2) due to close down of all industrial and transport activities during lockdown period. Based on different investigation a green belt development plan for this polluted city has been suggested for sustainable air quality management.
Performance Evaluation and Enhancement of M-Ary DPPM Modulation for WDM-PON/FSO Systems Impaired by Atmospheric Turbulence, Interchannel Crosstalk, and ASE Noise
Authors: Elsayed Ebrahim E. , Yousif Bedir B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper analyzes and enhances the performance of moment generating function techniques, notably the Chernoff bound (CB) and modified Chernoff bound (MCB), is used to improve the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of an optically pre-amplified for the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based on the passive optical network (PON) free-space optical (FSO) communications in the presence of both atmospheric turbulence (AT), amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, and interchannel crosstalk. In the absence of AT and ASE at a data rate of 2.5 Gbps on the 1550 nm wavelength, digital pulse-position modulation (DPPM) systems with coding level (M) of 2 provide about 2.9 dB improvement in average power over at a BER of (depending on the turbulence level) compared with an equivalent on-off keying (OOK) non-return-to-zero (NRZ) in the WDM-PON/FSO system while maintaining minimum bandwidth expansion to leverage the extended reach and enhanced user capacity and considered as a good solution to the bandwidth requirement for future access networks, with potential for higher data rate, improved data security. The receiver sensitivities of M-ary DPPM about 51.4 dBm (~21.9 photons/bit) (CB), and 51.5 dBm (21.4 photons/bit, MCB) can be achieved, which implies an improvement when compared with an OOK-NRZ system (~38 photons/bit) in the non-turbulent atmospheric condition. M-ary DPPM retains its sensitivity improvement over OOK even in the existence of crosstalk while predicting a lower power penalty of about 0.2–3.0 dB for weak turbulence at low coding level (M) 2 in WDM systems.
Dating the emergence of the first case of COVID-19 in Hubei, China with commercial flights: a retrospective modelling study
Authors: Yang Liwei , Chen Bochuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCommercial flights contributed to the early-stage international transmission of severe acute respiratorysyndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Understand the effect of international and inter-state flights on thevirus transmission is important to evaluate the initial response of the outbreak. This study investigated thelikely date of the emergence of the first COVID-19 case in Wuhan, China.MethodsWe constructed a geographical-structured model, including 9122 county-level geographical units in 250different regions or countries, and 26,094,036 flight plans. Using the model, we estimated the date of thenumber of deaths and the date of first death caused by COVID-19 in 155 different countries. We set acertain trigger for country and county level lockdown, and a built-in flight randomizer, to assess thedifferent evidence that can suggest the possibility of different dates to be the emergence of the firstCOVID-19 case.FindingsWe found the median number of global deaths caused by COVID-19 from 50 trails of our simulation isbetween 853901 and 28432 when the emergence of the first case of COVID-19 case is within the timeinterval between September 1, 2019 and November 1, 2020. Overall, the average and median R2 of 155countries decrease as the date of the emergence postpone; however, a small increase of R2 is observed whenthe date emergence of the first case of COVID-19 case is September 22. The deviation of the simulationresult of the deaths from the actual scenario in the eight major epicenters demonstrates a negative trend asthe first case emerges later. A similar pattern can be observed on the date of the first death in these eightcountries, which can be applied to a global scale.InterpretationsWe found that our simulation results can only include the actual number of global deaths caused byCOVID-19 on May 1,2020 inside the 95%PI when the date of the emergence of the first case is betweenSeptember 15, 2019 and October 15, 2020; The lowest deviation can be observed on September 22. Wealso found a decrease of R2 when we deploy later emergence of the first case; unexpectedly, an abnormalincrease of R2 on September 22 is observed. When focusing on the eight major epicenters, we found that thenumber of deaths in these eight countries can only be all included inside the 95%PI when the emergence ison September 15 and September 22. The deviation of the first deaths demonstrates different patternsdepending on the continent, whereas the global average demonstrates a pattern of normal distribution witha maximum of 0.2107 on September 22 after the removal of outliers. This could suggest a high likelihoodof the emergence of the first case of COVID-19 be around September 15, 2020 and September 22, 2020.
American Medical Student Perceptions of the Online Learning Environment, their Quality of Life, and the School of Medicine’s Response During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Villanueva Eric W. , Meissner Hannah , Walters Ryan W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, American medical schools made swift changes to clinical education based on guidelines provided by the Association of American Medical Colleges. We collected medical student perceptions of the online learning environment, quality of life (QoL), and the pandemic response by their School of Medicine (SoM). The purpose of this study was to provide suggestions to inform medical schools’ response during the continuation of this pandemic and the next.Methods: Between April 29, 2020 and May 16, 2020, the authors distributed a 60-item questionnaire that assessed demographics, learning environment, QoL, and the SoM response. Likert-type items were analyzed on an item-by-item basis, whereas themes were identified for open-ended questions.Results: A total of 330 medical students (of 632; 52.2%) responded. Those who responded had positive perceptions of the online learning environment with moderate QoL disruptions to concentration and sleep. Although most students perceived being able to contribute meaningfully to the healthcare setting, they viewed themselves as underutilized. Three themes encapsulated both positive and negative perceptions of the SoM’s response—communication, learning environment, and empathy and support.Conclusion: These findings provide insight into medical student perceptions of their learning environment and QoL as they acclimated to changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Results can help inform a SoM’s response during the continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as during future pandemics or crises. Follow‐up surveys of medical students at multiple institutions across the United States and abroad will be essential to better characterize student perceptions.
Comparative evaluation of pre-treatment medication on post-instrumentation pain: Randomized control trial.
Authors: Jain Atul , Chabra Chahat , Agarwal Abinay , Sharma Rohit , Khan Faisal , Bahuguna Rachna 
Published: October 2020

Aims and Objectives: To comparatively evaluate, the effect of preoperative single dose, of paracetamol and ibuprofen on PIP, using two different rotary instruments.
Materials and Methods: 60 patients were randomly premedicated, with either paracetamol or ibuprofen and canal was instrumented, with either Hyflex or Protaper Gold files. PIP was evaluated at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs.
Results: Lower incidence and intensity of PIP, occurred in patients, premedicated with Ibuprofen and where canal was instrumented with Hyflex.
Conclusion: Use of Ibuprofen, as a premedication during endodontic treatment, with Hyflex rotary instruments, decreases PIP.
Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor with ameloblastomatic changes mimicking dentigerous cyst : An unusual case report
Authors: Marandi Manjula , Saigal Sonal , Nath Singh Narendra 
Published: October 2020

The OdontogenicKeratocystic (OKC) is a developmental cyst derived from the remanants (rest) of the dental lamina with a peculiar biological behavior. Many attempts have been made to classify these cysts from 1887 to WHO 2017 head and neck tumors. Initially classified under developmental odontogenic cyst of jaw by WHO in 1971 and 1992, OKC has then been reclassified and renamed as KeratocysticOdontogenic Tumor (KCOT) in the WHO classifications of head and neck tumors in 2005 due to its aggressive behavior, high recurrence rates and specific histopathological feature. But recently WHO 2017 classification of head and neck tumors reclassified KCOT as a cyst. Despite of so many classification and nomenclature, unfortunately the controversy still exists. KCOT has been rarely reported to transform into a more aggressive lesion like ameloblastoma. We here present a case report of KCOT involving the body and ramus of the mandible having histopathological features suggestive of ameloblastomatic changes and mimicking dentigerous cyst.
Partial melting and P-T evolution of eclogite-facies metapelitic migmatites from the Egere terrane (Central Hoggar, South Algeria)
Authors: Arab Amar , Godard Gaston , Ouzegane Khadidja , Acosta-Vigil Antonio , Kiénast Jean-Robert , Román-Alpiste Manuel J. , Garrido Carlos J. , Drareni Amar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Egéré terrane (Central Hoggar, South Algeria) includes mafic eclogite lenses boudinaged in metapelitic rocks with high-pressure relicts. These metapelites show textural records of partial melting, mainly primary melt inclusions enclosed in garnet crystals and later crystallized as “nanogranitoids.” Garnet porphyroblasts also contain inclusions of quartz, kyanite, phengite, biotite, staurolite, and rutile and show a smoothed prograde zoning with a Mn bell-shaped profile. The peak high-pressure metamorphic assemblage consists of garnet, kyanite, phengite (Si up to 6.36), quartz, rutile, ±ilmenite, ±feldspars, and melt. Phengite has partially transformed into fine-grained aggregates of biotite, plagioclase, and K-feldspar, a microstructure interpreted as resulting from a dehydration melting during exhumation. Phengite breakdown, along with other retrograde reactions, produced a late paragenesis with biotite, plagioclase, K-feldspar, quartz, almandine-rich garnet, ±sillimanite, ±staurolite, ±muscovite, and ilmenite. The thermodynamic modeling of P-T pseudosections allows us to constrain various steps of the metamorphic history: beginning of the garnet growth at 4.0 kbar and ~600 °C during prograde metamorphism; pressure peak at 14–20 kbar; temperature peak at 800–820 °C; formation of the last assemblage at 6.0–5.5 kbar and 725–685 °C. Partial melting likely started during the prograde path when crossing the H2O-saturated solidus, at T ≥ 650–670 °C and P ≥ 10 kbar, continued upon heating, up to the peak conditions, as well as during decompression. This evolution is interpreted in terms of subduction of the continental crust to mantle depths, followed by an exhumation through a clockwise P-T path during the Pan-African orogeny. The Egéré metapelites are relatively well-preserved eclogite-facies rocks, contain inclusions of “nanogranitoids” hitherto very little known in eclogite-facies metamorphic rocks, and represent an unusual trace of subduction within a Neoproterozoic orogen.
Removal of emerging persistent organic pollutants (Em-POPs) model compounds from water using a natural porous material functionalized with graphene-based products
Authors: Boehm Donald , Lecus Alice , Zhang Hai-Feng , Garman David , Silva Marcia R. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on the removal of three model compounds, classified as emerging persistent organic pollutants (Em-POPs), from water using a modified version of natural Australian zeolite. Following a series of subsequent treatments and vacuum deposition of graphene oxide (GO), both chemical and physical properties of the adsorbent were characterized. The GO-coated zeolite was tested for the removal of methylene blue (MB), disperse blue 26 (DB26), and sodium fluorescein (NaFn). Results show excellent removal capability for MB and DB26 dyes and decent removal for NaFn when compared to commercially available products such as granular activated carbon. Regeneration of the adsorbent showed virtually no loss in adsorptive performance after two cycles, with MB and DB26.
Immediate influences of hygiene education sessions on handwashing behaviors of selected Nepali students
Authors: Devkota Govinda Prasad , Bastien Sheri , Jenssen Petter D. , Pandey Manoj K. , Devkota Bhimsen , Maharjan Shyam Krishna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Appropriate handwashing can prevent 50–70% of water and foodborne infections. However, schoolchildren who are in the formative stage of life, particularly in low-income countries like Nepal, are deprived of such a lifesaving skill. This study investigates the effectiveness of a school-based participatory action research intervention to promote handwashing with soap among basic level community school students in Nepal. Teachers, the school management committee, the participatory action research committee, and child-club members actively participated in designing and implementing the intervention. This study employed a semi-structured interview with the headteacher, five focus group discussions, and spot observations during 50 handwashing with soap events involving students, to collect the data. This study assesses the handwashing situation of students before and after the intervention. As part of the intervention, participatory teaching methods such as singing, drawing, showing a video, games, and demonstrations were used. Findings from basic level students who actively participated in hygiene sessions and increased their handwashing with soap before meals and after toilet use were used as a comparison to baseline. Participants reported that the intervention was perceived positively, pragmatic, and cost-effective. This intervention study concluded that handwashing behaviors improved because of the influence of sensitization sessions and demonstrations about handwashing. However, some predominant issues in the teaching of handwashing practices include limited hygiene contents in the curriculum and the practical use of teaching and learning activities. The lack of availability of soap at handwashing stations is the main barrier in sustaining handwashing behaviors in schoolchildren.
Integralismo ‘racial’:
Authors: Costa Filho Cícero João da 
Published: October 2020

Gustavo Barroso (1888-1959) foi uma das figuras mais importantes do integralismo. Chefe de milícias, autor de significativa produção antissemita, seu projeto de Brasil se fundamenta na oposição ao judeu. Simpatizante dos estados fortes, afinado com os setores conservadores do Brasil dos anos 1930, Barroso pensou o país expurgado do que considerava ser ‘criação judaica’, como o liberalismo, marxismo ou o anarquismo. Seu projeto nacional, elitista e de combate às massas, partia de um Estado social cristão (uma democracia orgânica), no qual não cabia a presença dos anseios de pequenos grupos em detrimento dos verdadeiros interesses nacionais. Barroso pensará o Brasil tendo em vista a ideologia do movimento político e religioso do Sigma, que iria marcar sua produção bibliográfica como uma verdadeira campanha antissemita.
Breaking the Budget Rule to Rescue Economy
Authors: Chalova A. Yu. 
Published: October 2020

A high degree of uncertainty in the future development of global and Russian economy due to the corona-virus epidemic proliferation, the global economic downfall, which followed the introduction of quarantine measures in some countries make the issue of changes in state budget policy in the Russian Federation more and more acute. Despite the seeming finance stability of the budget system of the Russian Federation characterized by the surplus federal budget during two previous years and min deficit budgets of other levels, it still depends on external factors of the economic development. Policy of the Ministry of Finance aimed at adjustment of federal budget fund use to fluctuations of global oil prices within the frames of the budget rule can form considerable reserves, but at the same time it can cause a drop in investment and consumer demand and sl ow down in economy development. This approach to developing and implementing budget policy could ruin the budget essence as an active tool of state regulation of economy, especially in current conditions. Transforming the model of obligatory balance of the federal budget and accumulating sovereign reserves in conditions of growth absence in Russian economy for the large-scale stimulation of the population and business demand require scientifically grounded approach. New economic conditions demonstrate the necessity to provide well-balanced parameters of the federal budget within the frames of the budget rule. The possibility to combine these goals depends on degree of realizing key budget risks and stability of state finance to them. The article carried out modeling of key parameters of the federal budget depending on risk defining factors and effective restrictions by the budget rule provided an opportunity to advance a hypothesis that the basis of the long-term balance of Russian federal budget is formed by a new model of state budget policy leaning on the alternative use of finance tools and acceptable easing of budget rule restrictions.
Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19: A Nanotechnological Perspective
Authors: Tyagi Pankaj Kumar , Tyagi Shruti , Mishra Mansi , Dashora Kavya 
Published: October 2020

Background:
According to the current scenario with millions of deaths worldwide, the
outbreak of COVID-19 has created global havoc. The vast spreading of COVID-19 has already challenged
the healthcare system and economy of the world. Every country is now putting the best efforts
to develop its standards, strategies, and policies to fight against this pandemic. Therefore, a huge
amount of research grants is allocated for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 globally.

Objective:
Scientists/researchers around the world are working in different fields, i.e., biological,
physical, and chemical sciences, and have collaborated for an effective outcome to combat this pandemic.
In light of the above-mentioned challenges, the researchers of the nanotechnology community
can also contribute significantly in this direction.

Results:
As team members of the nanotechnology community, we suggest various research targets
that can be designed/improved, optimized, and developed by nanotechnologists. These research targets
include Point-of-care diagnostics (POCD), Surveillance and monitoring, Therapeutics, Vaccine
development, Improving existing drugs with potential therapeutic applications, Developing antiviral
nanocoating/antimicrobial spray-based coating for PPE, Magnetic nanoparticles and viral RNA (Ribonucleic
acid), and Rapid detection kits.

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that multiple areas, such as the development of nano-biosensor
based diagnostic technology (capable to produce fast and accurate results), development of nanoencapsulated
drugs/vaccines or other efficient systems, testing/improving existing drugs with potential
therapeutic applications, developing antiviral nanocoating/antimicrobial spray-based coating for
PPE, etc., need immediate attention.
Neurological Manifestations Associated with Synthetic Cannabinoid Use- A Case Series
Authors: Elnazeir Marwa , Narayanan Siddharth , Badugu Pradeepthi , Hussain Abid , Stephens Cody B. , Bhagat Riwaj , Jones Christopher M. , Liu Wei , Hernandez Alexi R. , Remmel Kerri S. , Palade Adriana E. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Synthetic Cannabinoid (SC) use has emerged as a growing public health threat in the United States. Several unexpected cases, presenting with a constellation of unrelated symptoms, but all having toxicity linked to SC use, have been reported in the last decade (2010-2019).

Methods: We report a cluster of several independent cases where patients were admitted having different neurological manifestations. Extensive and expensive work-ups were performed. Upon further inspection, extended toxicology screens were found to be positive for SC metabolites.

Results: It is alarming to observe that several reports highlight an increase in the varied and significant morbidity associated after SC use. Various SC compositions have been synthesized and distributed, with new molecules being generated at a staggering rate leading to unexpected manifestations.

Conclusion: Young people are the most frequent users owing to its recreational effects, its easy accessibility, lower cost and difficulty in being detected in the urine by routine drug screens. From a hospital quality improvement perspective, efforts to characterize the presence of newly generated SC molecules and establish more accessible in-house screening methods will be a starting step in reducing the associated cost-burden. This will also minimize the unnecessary invasive procedures performed on a specific patient. From a socioeconomic viewpoint, solid and systematic crosstalk with increased recognition and reporting mechanism between the healthcare staff and public health personnel is strongly warranted to support state and federal regulatory efforts in combating this ongoing SC epidemic.