bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propensity‐matched comparison of antiplatelet versus anticoagulant after left atrial appendage closure with the Watchman
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Xia , Kleinecke Caroline , Busch Sonia , Allakkis Wasim , Mohrez Yamen , Cheikh‐Ibrahim Mohammad , Mahnkopf Christian , Brachmann Johannes , Schnupp Steffen , Gloekler Steffen , Yu Jiangtao , Ma Changsheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundOptimal antithrombotic therapy following left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) with the Watchman occluder remains uncertain. This study retrospectively compared clinical outcomes of a 3‐month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT group) and a protocol of anticoagulation plus aspirin for 45 days followed by DAPT for 6 months (ACT group) after LAAC with the Watchman device.MethodsOf two Watchman registries (Coburg and Lichtenfels hospitals, Germany), 220 and 304 consecutive patients with successful LAAC were included. Patients in Coburg hospital received DAPT while they received ACT in Lichtenfels. After a 1:1 propensity score matching, 174 (DAPT) versus 174 (ACT) patients were compared by use of the primary efficacy endpoint of thromboembolic events and cardiovascular/unexplained death, the primary safety endpoint of nonprocedural related major bleeding events at follow‐up, and the combined hazard endpoint, a composite of all above‐mentioned hazards.ResultsThe mean age 77.5 ± 7.2 (DAPT) versus 77.3 ± 7.1 (ACT) years, CHA2DS2‐VASc score 4.6 ± 1.5 versus 4.7 ± 1.6, and HAS‐BLED score 3.3 ± 0.8 versus 3.3 ± 0.8 were similar. After 12 months, the clinical efficacy (13/174, 7.4% [DAPT] vs 11/174, 6.3% [ACT]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38‐1.86; P = .66) and safety (6/174, 3.4% vs 8/174, 4.5%; HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.29‐2.56; P = .79) as well as the combined hazard endpoint (18/174, 10.3% vs 18/174, 10.3%; HR,1.01; 95% CI, 0.53‐1.95; P = .97) were comparable.ConclusionsThis study suggests comparable efficacy and safety of 3‐month DAPT versus 6 weeks ACT plus aspirin following LAAC with the Watchman.
Effects of E2 binding enzyme UBC9 on porcine oocyte maturation, apoptosis and embryo development
Authors: Xu Da , Sun Fuliang , Bi Jing , Guan Yunfeng , Luo Xiaotong , Chen Xuan , Lv Yanqiu , Jin Yi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSUMOylation is a dynamic post‐translational modification process. However, the function of small ubiquitin‐like modifiers (SUMOs) in the maturation of porcine oocytes and embryo growth is not well known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of E2 binding enzyme UBC9 on the expression of SUMO‐1 protein during the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and embryo development after in vitro fertilization. Four groups were used: 0 (Control), 5, 10 and 15 µg/ml UBC9. Western blotting, flow cytometry and RT‐qPCR were used to detect the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes, SUMO‐1 content, viability and the expression of apoptotic genes. Compared to those in the control treatment, the maturation rate (p < .05) and viability (p < .01) of oocytes in the 5 μg/ml treatment group decreased significantly. SUMO‐1 protein markers appeared at 59 and 71 kDa and the content of SUMO‐1 protein in the 10 µg/ml treatment group decreased significantly (p < .05). In the expression of apoptosis‐related genes, Bcl‐2 gene expression was significantly downregulated in the 10 μg/ml treatment group (p < .05). However, Bax and Caspase‐3 were significantly upregulated in the 5 μg/ml treatment group (p < .05). During embryonic development, the cleavage rate of oocytes in the 10 µg/ml treatment group was significantly reduced (p < .05), whereas blastocyst formation rate in the 5 µg/ml treatment group was significantly reduced. UBC9 regulates SUMO‐1 content in mature pig oocytes in vitro, which affects oocyte maturation rate, viability, apoptotic genes expression and embryo development after fertilization.
Market Expansion of Domestic Gaming Firms in Shenzhen, China: Dilemma of Globalisation and Regionalisation
Authors: Yang Chun , Chan David Yuen‐Tung 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChina's domestic mobile gaming firms, such as Tencent, which has developed into the world's biggest gaming firm by revenues in a short span, have outweighed the leading counterparts in the Western advanced economies. Despite an increasing attention has been paid to the global investment of Chinese gaming firms, this paper argues that their market expansion has focused on the selected Southeast Asian countries. This arguement is developed through the aurthors' extensive field investigation and personal interviews with games developers and publishers in Shenzhen, where Tencent is located, during the early 2017 and late 2019. We showcase that the protective multi‐scalar institutions in which the Chinese gaming firms have dominated in the domestic market, have prevented the overseas market expansion of these firms. Although the government‐designated extra‐local inter‐firm collaboration has helped narrow the technological gaps and articulate China’s firms into the global production networks, the market gaps between the domestic and western economies have not been overcome in the expansion to overseas markets. This study sheds light on that the market expansion of Chinese gaming firms has stucked in a dilemma between globalization and regionalization. While China’s domestic gaming firms, particularly Tencent, have been evolving into lead firms in the global games production networks, their market power has been confined at domestic and regional levels.
Microorganisms associated with incisional infections after gastrointestinal surgery in dogs and cats
Authors: Williams Rachel W. , Cole Stephen , Holt David E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the rate of incisional infections after gastrointestinal surgery in dogs and cats and describe the aerobic bacteria isolated from these infections.Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n = 210) and cats (n = 66).MethodsRecords of dogs and cats that underwent gastrointestinal surgery at the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital at the University of Pennsylvania were reviewed for surgical procedures, presence of an infection, bacterial species isolated, perioperative antimicrobials administered, and outcome.ResultsThe median duration of follow‐up was 14 days (4‐35). Incisional infections were recorded in 7% (20/276) of cases. Among those 20 cases, culture results were available in 12 of 20 cases. The most common bacterial isolate cultured wasEscherichia coli. The most common perioperative antimicrobials administered to treat incisional infection were cefazolin and cefoxitin. Only two of the bacterial isolates were susceptible to these antimicrobials. Bacteria isolated from incisional infections were most often susceptible to chloramphenicol, imipenem, and gentamicin.ConclusionBacterial isolates from incisional infections in this population consisted of native gastrointestinal flora, which was often resistant to the most commonly used perioperative antimicrobials.Clinical significanceContamination at time of surgery is the most likely source of incisional infection after gastrointestinal surgery. This rate of infection justifies more rigorous intraoperative hygiene protocols and evaluation of the antimicrobials' susceptibility of causative bacteria to guide antimicrobial treatment.
THE CHINESE PRACTICE‐ORIENTED VIEWS OF SCIENCE AND THEIR POLITICAL GROUNDS
Authors: Guo Yuanlin , Radder Hans 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn China, practice‐oriented views of science can be traced back to antiquity. In ancient times, the Chinese people independently created and developed application‐oriented sciences, but they ignored basic science. In modern times, China learned and introduced Western science and technology as a practical instrument to protect the nation and make it prosperous and powerful. Through technology and production, science has been playing an immediate and major role in the development of socialism since 1949. Since 1978, the Chinese government has always emphasized that science and technology are the primary productive forces. From ancient times to the present, the practice‐oriented views of science are grounded in politics. Science has been the handmaiden of politics since the Qin Dynasty. However, this state of affairs hinders the development of basic science, a science that is not oriented toward immediate application. It also hinders open‐minded, critical reflection on the downsides or limits of science, which could draw on broader (moral, spiritual, or religious) values.
Application of Generalized Regression Neural Network in Predicting the Thermal Performance of Solar Flat Plate Collector Systems
Authors: Sridharan M. , Shenbagaraj Shribalaji 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study presents a smart neural network (NN) model for estimating the thermal performance of a transient nature solar flat plate collector system (SFPCS). For this purpose, a series of experimental studies are conducted through four successive days with three different arrangements of SFPCS (standalone, series, and parallel). Experimental results of such arrangements are then used for designing a generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model. The GRNN architecture proposed in this study consists of four inputs (mass flowrate, solar irradiance, fluid temperature difference, and collector area) and two dependent outputs (power output and efficiency of SFPCS). Such GRNN architecture is trained, tested, and validated with real-time experimental transient datasets for each arrangement individually. The results of the GRNN model are in good agreement with experimental datasets. The overall accuracy of the developed GRNN model in predicting the performance of standalone, series, and parallel connected SFPCS is 98%.
Quasi-Isometric Cycling: A Case Study Investigation of a Novel Method to Augment Peak Power Output in Sprint Cycling
Authors: Kordi Mehdi , Evans Martin , Howatson Glyn 
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Peak power output (PPO) is a determinant of sprint cycling performance and can be enhanced by resistance exercise that targets maximum strength. Conventional resistance training is not always suitable for elite cyclists because of chronic spinal issues; therefore, alternative methods to improve strength that concurrently reduce injury risk are welcome. In this case study, quasi-isometric cycling (QIC), a novel task-specific resistance-training method designed to improve PPO without the use of transitional resistance training, was investigated. Methods: A highly trained sprint track cyclist (10.401 s for 200 m) completed a 5-week training block followed by a second 5-week block that replaced conventional resistance training with the novel QIC training method. The replacement training method required the cyclist to maximally drive the crank of a modified cycle ergometer for 5 seconds as it passed through a ∼100° range (starting at 45° from top dead center) at a constant angular velocity. Each session consisted of 3 sets of 6 repetitions on each leg. The lab PPO was recorded in the saddle and out of the saddle. Results: Conventional training did not alter sprinting ability; however, the intervention improved the out-of-the-saddle PPO by 100 W (from 1751 to 1851 W), while the in-the-saddle PPO increased by 57 W from 1671 to 1728 W. Conclusion: QIC increased PPO in a highly trained, national-level sprint cyclist, which could be translated to improvements in performance on the track. Furthermore, QIC provides a simple, but nonetheless effective, alternative for sprint track cyclists who have compromised function to perform traditional strength training.
Tibial Acceleration Reliability and Minimal Detectable Difference During Overground and Treadmill Running
Authors: Aubol Kevin G. , Hawkins Jillian L. , Milner Clare E. 
Published: August 2020

Measurements of tibial acceleration during running must be reliable to ensure valid results and reduce errors. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and minimal detectable difference (MDD) of peak axial and peak resultant tibial acceleration during overground and treadmill running. The authors also compared reliability and MDDs when peak tibial accelerations were determined by averaging 5 or 10 trials. Tibial acceleration was measured during overground and treadmill running of 19 participants using a lightweight accelerometer mounted to the tibia. Peak axial and peak resultant tibial accelerations were determined for each trial. Intraclass correlation coefficients determined within-session reliability, and MDDs were also calculated. Within-session reliability was excellent for all conditions (intraclass correlation coefficients  = .95–.99). The MDDs ranged from 0.6 to 1.4 g for peak axial acceleration and from 1.6 to 2.0 g for peak resultant acceleration and were lowest for peak axial tibial acceleration during overground running. Averaging 10 trials did not improve reliability compared to averaging 5 trials but did result in small reductions in MDDs. For peak axial tibial acceleration only, lower MDDs indicate that overground running may be the better option for detecting small differences.
Predictive value of indicators for identifying child maltreatment and intimate partner violence in coded electronic health records: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Syed Shabeer , Ashwick Rachel , Schlosser Marco , Gonzalez-Izquierdo Arturo , Li Leah , Gilbert Ruth 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveElectronic health records (EHRs) are routinely used to identify family violence, yet reliable evidence of their validity remains limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the positive predictive values (PPVs) of coded indicators in EHRs for identifying intimate partner violence (IPV) and child maltreatment (CM), including prenatal neglect.MethodsWe searched 18 electronic databases between January 1980 and May 2020 for studies comparing any coded indicator of IPV or CM including prenatal neglect defined as neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) or fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), against an independent reference standard. We pooled PPVs for each indicator using random effects meta-analyses.ResultsWe included 88 studies (3 875 183 individuals) involving 15 indicators for identifying CM in the prenatal period and childhood (0–18 years) and five indicators for IPV among women of reproductive age (12–50 years). Based on the International Classification of Disease system, the pooled PPV was over 80% for NAS (16 studies) but lower for FAS (<40%; seven studies). For young children, primary diagnoses of CM, specific injury presentations (eg, rib fractures and retinal haemorrhages) and assaults showed a high PPV for CM (pooled PPVs: 55.9%–87.8%). Indicators of IPV in women had a high PPV, with primary diagnoses correctly identifying IPV in >85% of cases.ConclusionsCoded indicators in EHRs have a high likelihood of correctly classifying types of CM and IPV across the life course, providing a useful tool for assessment, support and monitoring of high-risk groups in health services and research.
Performance of the Eversense versus the Free Style Libre Flash glucose monitor during exercise and normal daily activities in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Fokkert Marion , van Dijk Peter R , Edens Mireille A , Díez Hernández Alberto , Slingerland Robbert , Gans Rijk , Delgado Álvarez Elías , Bilo Henk 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionAccurate blood glucose measurements are important in persons with diabetes during normal daily activities (NDA), even more so during exercise. We aimed to investigate the performance of fluorescence sensor-based and glucose oxidase-based interstitial glucose measurement during (intensive) exercise and NDA.Research design and methodsProspective, observational study in 23 persons with type 1 diabetes when mountain biking for 6 days, followed by 6 days of NDA. Readings of the Eversense (fluorescence-based continuous glucose monitoring (CGM); subcutaneously implanted) and of the Free Style Libre (FSL; glucose oxidase-based flash glucose monitoring (FGM); transcutaneously placed) were compared with capillary glucose levels (Free Style Libre Precision NeoPro strip (FSLCstrip)).ResultsMean average differences (MAD) and mean average relative differences (MARD) were significantly different when comparing exercise with NDA (reference FSLCstrip); Eversense MAD 25±19 vs 17±6 mg/dL (p<0.001); MARD 17±6 vs 13%±6% (p<0.01) and FSL MAD 32±17 vs 18±8 mg/dL (p<0.01); MARD 20±7 vs 12%±5% (p<0.001).When analyzing the data according to the Integrated Continuous Glucose Monitoring Approvals (class II–510(K) guidelines), the overall performance of interstitial glucose readings within 20% of the FSLCstrip during exercise compared with NDA was 69% vs 81% for the Eversense and 59% vs 83% for the FSL, respectively. Within 15% of the FSLCstrip was 59% vs 70% for the Eversense and 46% vs 71% for the FSL.ConclusionsDuring exercise, both fluorescence and glucose oxidase-based interstitial glucose measurements (using Eversense and FSL sensors) were less accurate compared with measurements during NDA. Even when acknowledging the beneficial effects of CGM or FGM, users should be aware of the risk of diminished accuracy of interstitial glucose readings during (intensive) exercise.
Mapping evidence of food safety at transport stations in Africa: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Ncama Busisiwe Purity , Kuupiel Desmond , Duma Sinegugu E , Mchunu Gugu , Guga Phindile , Slotow Rob 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionIn Africa, travels, urbanisation and changing consumer habits are increasing the number of people buying and eating food prepared/sold at public spaces including transport stations, particularly in the urban and periurban areas. Although food trading in such public spaces serves as a source of livelihood for many people, unsafe food can have a negative impact on health. We, therefore, aim to systematically explore and examine the literature, and describe the evidence on food safety (food handling, storage, preparation and sale, packaging of food when sold, hygiene of sale venue and quality (nutrition) of food sold/purchased/eaten) at transport stations to inform policy, as well as identify research gaps for future studies in Africa.Methods and analysisWe will employ the Arksey & O’Malley framework, Levac et al recommendations and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines to guide this study. We will conduct a comprehensive search in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar and EBSCOhost (Academic search complete, CINAHL with Full-text and Health Source) from inception to December 2019 for relevant peer-review articles using a combination of keywords/search terms with no limitations. We will also search for relevant literature from the reference list of all included articles. Two investigators will independently screen the articles in parallel at the abstract and full-text phases using the eligibility criteria as a guide. Data extraction will be done using a piloted data extraction form designed in a Microsoft Word tabular format. Afterward, the extracted data will be collated into themes and subthemes, summarised, and the results reported using a narrative approach. We will the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses: Extension for scoping reviews checklist to report this study results.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. All sources of data will be adequately cited and added to the reference list. We will present the final scoping review results at the appropriate workshops, meetings, conferences, as well as submit for peer-review and publication in a scientific journal.
Effect of regulating gut microbiota using probiotics on functional changes in the brain: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Liu Lu , Ni Xixiu , Tian Tian , Li Xiao , Li Fengmei , Sun Mingsheng , Chen Jiao , Zhou SiYuan , Zhao Ling 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionThere is a growing number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that focus on functional changes in the brain detected by functional MRI (fMRI) and gut microbiota composition changes after using probiotics.However, the effect of probiotics on functional changes in the brain through gut microbiota remains controversial in existing RCTs. Furthermore, to our knowledge, there is no systematic review to evaluate the effect of probiotics on functional changes in the brain through gut microbiota. Therefore, we aim to summarise literatures evaluating the potential association between probiotics, gut microbiota and functional changes in the brain to elucidate whether probiotics influence gut microbiota and affect functional changes in the brain through gut microbiota.Methods and analysisChina National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP Databases (the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database), SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE (The National Library of Medicine), EMBASE (Excerpt Medica Database), Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched until July 2019. The Grey Literature in Europe (OpenSIGLE) database and Google search engine will also be used. The reference lists of each included study will be reviewed to determine whether there are any further relevant studies. RCTs using probiotics compared with a placebo/control will be included. We will use risk of bias assessment and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the quality of evidence. The results of the systematic review will be synthesised narratively in the domains of the three primary outcome measures: (1) Increased/decreased activity in brain regions or altered functional connectivity (FC) of brain detected by fMRI and their association with changes in behaviour, gastrointestinal/emotional symptoms after using probiotics. (2) Changes in composition and diversity of the gut microbiota and their association with changes in behaviour, gastrointestinal/emotional symptoms after using probiotics. (3) Increased/decreased activity in brain regions or altered FC of brain detected by fMRI and the changes in composition or diversity of the gut microbiota after administration of probiotics.Ethics and disseminationThe results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication. As no private and confidential patient data will be included in the reporting, there are no ethical considerations associated with this protocol.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019145114.