bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microneedle: Shaping the Future of Research with Novel Solutions
Authors: Sharma Akshita , Kaur Bhupinder , Thakur Nishant , Sharma Chandan , Prasad Rudra 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The application of microfabrication to produce arrays of microscale needles,
known as microneedle technology, has greatly improved transdermal drug delivery. This
analysis focuses on different types and advances of microneedles to emphasize their tremendous
potential in healthcare. Transdermal medication delivery is a common method used in modern
medicine to treat a variety of illnesses. By avoiding the hepatic first-pass metabolism, the use of
microneedles improves medication penetration via the skin and increases bioavailability.

Method:
Using databases like PubMed and Google Scholar, a thorough literature study was carried
out to look at the most recent peer-reviewed papers and patents on microneedle technology.
Based on factors like size, shape, material, and drug delivery techniques, comparative analysis assessed
the safety and effectiveness of several microneedles. Skin physiology was examined to
comprehend how permeability enhancers and microneedles affect medication penetration.

Results:
Microneedle technology has made significant strides that show it can completely transform
medication delivery systems. A large number of patents suggests that research and development
are expanding quickly. The market for microneedles is reflecting the increased need for less
intrusive medical treatments, highlighting the significance of this method in medical research.

Conclusion:
Medical science could be revolutionized by microneedles, especially in the area of
drug administration. Researchers and physicians can benefit greatly from this review, which
guides the investigation of sophisticated microneedle applications for transdermal treatment of
acute or chronic illnesses.

Future Recommendation:
Subsequent investigations ought to focus on refining microneedle designs
for particular uses, enhancing the biocompatibility of materials, and investigating integration
with alternative drug delivery methods. To confirm the safety and effectiveness of microneedle
technology in practical medical settings, clinical trials are required.
Influenza (Flu) and Vaccination related Knowledge & Attitudes among the General Population of UAE
Authors: Al Sheikh Ebtehal , Gillani Syed Wasif 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Influenza is one of the most common airborne infections globally. According
to the World Health Organization (WHO), influenza leads to 3 to 5 million cases of severe
illness each year, with 290,000 to 650,000 respiratory deaths annually, positioning it as a significant
public health threat.

Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes toward influenza and vaccination
among the general population in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire
distributed through social media platforms, such as Facebook and WhatsApp, across various emirates
in the UAE. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) version 21. The study invited participation from individuals aged 18 years and older, both
male and female.

Results:
A total of 265 participants responded to the survey, including 142 males (53.6%) and 123
females (46.4%). Most respondents had insurance coverage (n = 208; 78.5%), and 83.4% were
nonsmokers. A significantly higher proportion of males believed that the influenza vaccine is administered
during the winter season (63% vs. 37%, P = 0.01) and that it is recommended for elderly
individuals over 65 years old (58.2% vs. 41.8%, P = 0.023). Married individuals were significantly
more likely to have heard of the influenza vaccine (53.7%) compared to divorced and unmarried
respondents (4% and 42.4%, P = 0.019). Additionally, the majority of respondents with insurance
coverage perceived the vaccine as safe, albeit with some side effects (70.4%, P = 0.012).

Conclusion:
This study concluded good knowledge and positive attitude towards influenza vaccination.
The study also found no significant gender differences in flu-related knowledge or attitudes
among the participants. Moreover, the population surveyed generally considered vaccination
to be safe for administration.
Profiling Secondary Metabolites of Governor’s Plum (Flacourtia indica Burm.f. Merr.) Fruit and their Potential Antioxidant and Chemopreventive Values
Authors: Attallah Omnia M. A. K. , Delgoda Rupika , Murray Je-Ann , Benkeblia Noureddine 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
The goal of this study was to profile the secondary metabolites of two ripe -light and dark- stages of Flacourtia indica fruit and the assessment of their antioxidant and ant-proliferative activities.

Methods:
Secondary metabolites were profiled by GC-MS. Radical scavenging activity and scavenging of H2O2 assays were used to assess the antioxidant activities, while cell viability and CYP1B1 enzyme activity assays were used to assess the antiproliferative activities of the fruit extracts.

Results:
One hundred and twenty-three (123) metabolites were identified. DPPH activity showed a dose-dependent response to fruit extracts, and H2O2 scavenging activity increased with concentrations. Anti-proliferative properties using the MTS assay on prostate, breast and colon cancer cells and normal prostate cell lines revealed a relatively weak impact on the examined cells. DCM extracts exhibited inhibition of the activity of human cytochrome P450 1B1 enzyme.

Conclusion:
Results showed that fruit extracts demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, while they did not show cytotoxic effects on normal or cancer cells. DCM and hexane extracts showed noticeable inhibition of CYP1B1 enzyme, suggestive of a chemoprotective potential.
Layanan prima pada layanan pojok braille sebagai layanan berbasis inklusi sosial di Perpustakaan Umum Kota Malang
Authors: Pawestri Rista Tanaya , Inawati Inawati 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. This study aims to determine the form of excellent service implementation in the Braille Corner service as social inclusion-based service at the Malang City Public Library with the DeVrye theory approach. The community that needs to have more support through social inclusion-based services is the visually impaired. The Malang City Public Library, located in East Java, provides services for the visually impaired, namely the Braille corner service.
Data Collection Methods. With the descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation studies.
Data Analysis. We analysed the data by Miles and Huberman viz , reducing, presenting data, and drawing conclusions.
Results and Discussion. Malang City Public Library's Braille Corner Service has implemented seven dimensions of excellent services in implementing social inclusion-based services including self-esteem, exceeding expectations, recovery, vision, improvement, care, and empowerment. The four dimensions that are maximally applied to Braille Corner services include exceeding expectations, recovery, vision, and care. While the application of the dimensions of self-esteem, improvement, and empowerment werefund to be not optimal.
Conclusion. Three dimensions that have not been implemented optimally in the implementation of excellent service in the Braille Corner service need special attention to provide excellent services.
Alternative Measurement for Inserting Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters in Neonates
Authors: Dorea Eny , da Silva Garcia Karina Rangel , de Moura Rayhelle Cristiny Arantes , Santos Clisangela Lago , da Conceição Rodrigues Elisa , Machado Maria Estela Diniz , Reis Adriana Teixeira , da Silva, Luciana Rodrigues 
Published: December 2024

Highlights

Abstract

Purpose:
To compare the conventional measurement with an alternative measurement for inserting peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in neonates.

Basic Procedures:
Observational study, comparative cohort, with 24 neonates. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical calculations. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee.

Main Findings:
It was found that, in 91.7% of cases, the conventional measurement was greater than the alternative. Dislodgement occurred in 75.0% of the inserted catheters, with the length of dislodgement being between 1 cm (33.3%) and 2 cm (25.0%). Dislodgement was not associated with the weight and age of the neonate. Most catheters were silicone (54.2%), inserted in the right upper limb (62.5%), and with the catheter tip in the third intercostal space (58.3%).

Conclusions:
The alternative measurement suggests a decrease in the number of catheter dislodgements for repositioning its tip, mitigating complications arising from the use of the device. Therefore, it is recommended that the proposed alternative measure for PICC insertion in newborns be further investigated in new studies to establish robust scientific evidence aimed at modifying current practice and improving the quality of care for neonatal patients.
The Survivability of Bacterial Contaminants on a Retracted Stainless-Steel Needle Within a Novel Vascular Access Device
Authors: Anstett Michael , Shumway Spencer B. 
Published: December 2024

Highlights

Abstract

Background:
Over-the-needle (OTN) peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are crucial in modern medicine. However, the OTN design allows for direct catheter-to-skin contact during insertion, leaving the sterile catheter at risk for bacterial contamination from the skin. A novel through-the-needle (TTN) PIVC design aims to minimize this risk by shielding the sterile catheter during insertion with the introducer needle. This needle then permanently retracts into the device housing and remains with the patient. In this study, we evaluate the survivability of bacterial contaminants on the retracted needle to address concerns about potential infection risks associated with this design.

Methods:
Fifteen TTN PIVC devices were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus (101 to 102 CFU) on the outer surface of the needle. After needle retraction, devices were stored for 0, 24, 72, and 120 hours. At each time point, devices were processed, and bacterial survival was quantified using standard microbiological techniques.

Results:
The initial bacterial load (105.1 ± 51.4 CFU per device) decreased significantly over time. By 72 hours, bacterial count had reduced to 1.4 ± 2.4 CFU per device, representing a 98.7% reduction (P &lt; 0.05). No significant change was observed between 72 and 120 hours. The most substantial decline occurred within the first 72 hours, with the difference between 0 hours and both 72 and 120 hours being statistically significant (P = 0.016 for both).

Conclusions:
The significant reduction in bacterial population on the retracted needle over time suggests a low risk of bacterial propagation within the TTN PIVC device. These findings indicate that the TTN design effectively addresses catheter contamination concerns during insertion without introducing additional infection risks due to needle retention.
Methods for studying the raw material of pottery of antiquity (on the example of material from Olbia)
Authors: Kotenko Viktoriia , Kushnir Anatolii 
Published: December 2024

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the methodology of researching the potential pottery raw materials of excavated material from the antique polis using the example of Olbia in the North Western Black Sea region. The historiography of the issue is considered and the main methods are defined. It includes fieldwork, laboratory analyses and their interpretation, as well as an experimental component. The discussion is based on the description of the stages of fieldwork, the study of the macromorphological structure of the clay deposits, micromorphological and granulometric analysis of ancient ceramics and experimental products made of potential pottery raw materials. According to the obtained results, it can be said that the population of Olbia used local materials in pottery making, although their characteristics are specific for the preparation of the clay mass. A comprehensive study confirmed the ability to find out the raw material base of the ancient polis and the possibility of its application at other sites.
A New Early Holocene site in Ujście. A preliminary report on the Mesolithic settlement of the Middle Noteć Valley
Authors: Mugaj Jakub , Kabaciński Jacek 
Published: December 2024

The paper present the newly registered early Mesolithic Ujście Site 37 located on the edge of Toruń-Eberswalde ice-marginal valley. Inferring from techno-typological analysis of collected lithic materials, the site consists of two settlement horizons of Preboreal/Boreal chronology: the older related to the Duvensee/Komornica complex and the younger correlated with the Maglemosian complex. The chronological sequence is comparable with that known from the adjacent sites Krzyż Wielkopolski 7 and Żuławka 13. The paper presents the results of preliminary studies of Ujście Site 37 and its potential for future research on Mesolithic settlement in Central European Plain.
axe Head from a Przeworsk Culture Settlement in Janowiec or Pictures from the Life of European Barbaricum Warriors
Authors: Kontny Bartosz , Kuś Grzegorz 
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a stray find of an axe head from the Przeworsk culture settlement at Janowiec. It is a medium weight head attributed to sub-Group II.2 after B. Kontny (2018), dated generally to the Roman Period (Phases B2-C1a). Its shape does not allow the function to be determined univocally. Most probably it was a multifunctional tool. The aforementioned axes were used mainly in the Balt milieu, but they were also known but rather not used as weapons in the Przeworsk culture. Single finds from northern Europe may be explained by the participation of the Balt warriors in the military events at these areas. One may consider the possibility that the axes and some other parts of the military equipment became commonly used thanks to multi-ethnic military expeditions and the migrations with a military background connected, among other things, with the crisis of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century.
Economía Circular Sostenible en una Empresa Maquiladora en Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua, México
Authors: López Rivera Maria Lizeth , Cordero Díaz Marling Carolina , Marín Balcázar Guillermo 
Published: December 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio tiene es analizar el estado actual de una empresa maquiladora ubicada en Cd. Juárez Chihuahua México, específicamente en el área de costos de envío para posteriormente determinar la factibilidad de implementar un esquema de economía circular que reduzca los costos mediante el retorno de tarimas de madera para su uso de segunda. La investigación que se ha desarrollado es mediante la metodología de investigación aplicada, realizado en una sola planta maquiladora, en el área de empaque y embalaje. Como técnica principal se utilizó la observación y el análisis de los costos, así como procesos sustentables. De acuerdo al estudio practicado, los procesos sustentables de recuperación y uso de segunda vida en el embalaje de un producto, pueden arrojar, si son implementados de manera correcta, un ahorro que va desde los $2,000,000.00 pesos a los $3,000,000.00, dependiendo de la productividad de la empresa, y hasta casi 40,000 metros cúbicos de madera, siendo esta cantidad un gran aporte sustentable en los bosques a nivel mundial. Este proyecto puede ser implementado en todas las maquiladoras que estén interesadas en su aplicación y que cuenten con los beneficios del Programa de la Industria Manufacturera, Maquiladora y de Servicios de Exportación (IMMEX), ya que el modelo a seguir es el mismo.
¿Es la alergia un proceso autoinmune?
Authors: Armentia Medina Alicia 
Published: December 2024

La patología alérgica sigue en aumento como demuestran los múltiples estudios epidemiológicos publicados. La clínica alérgica más importante por su elevada incidencia es la respiratorio (rinitis, sinusitis, asma) seguida de los síntomas cutáneos y sistémicos. La especialidad dispone de cada vez más métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos, dirigidos de una parte a la identificación del o de los alérgenos responsables (pruebas cutáneas, de provocación, de determinación de anticuerpos específicos, de análisis molecular…) entre los que hay que incluir medicamentos (Alergia medicamentosa) y de otra la desensibilización (inmunoterapia con alérgenos ambientales y/o alimentos) o eliminación de los alérgenos implicados.
Pero lo que todavía no sabemos es por qué una persona que nace informada por su madre de todos los alérgenos con los que ella tuvo contacto, y por lo tanto debiera tolerarlos, en un momento determinado de su vida, pasa a no reconocerlos y considerarlos patógenos y su sistema inmunológico desencadena una respuesta agresiva contra sí mismo, lo que se conoce como “Hipersensibilidad” que en definitiva tiene una definición similar a la autoinmunidad: el daño a tejidos propios. Un tipo de hipersensibilidad son las enfermedades autoinmunes, que afectan al 5% de la población y entre las que se encuadran síndromes tan conocidos como la artritis reumatoide, la psoriasis y el lupus.
¿Por qué algo tan inofensivo y natural como un polen desencadena una respuesta tan agresiva en los pulmones de un paciente atópico que previamente los había inhalado sin problemas? ¿Por qué un alimento o un fármaco previamente tolerado provoca una anafilaxia o ya no toleras a la mascota que ha vivido contigo tantos años? ¿Por qué se producen las enfermedades autoinmunes? Para tratar de responder a este enigma es necesario tener claros algunos conceptos y mecanismos de la respuesta inmunológica que vamos a resumir.
Informal is the new normal in North–South relations
Authors: Feeney Ryan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
North/South cooperation on the island of Ireland has grown significantly in the last twenty-six years. Still, it can be argued that the delivery of that growth has happened mainly outside the formal Strand Two structures of the Belfast/Good Friday Agreement with the North South Ministerial Council and its implementation bodies presently not directly involved in some of the main flagship cross-border projects in the areas of health, infrastructure, higher and further education, research, arts and culture. Instead, the Shared Island Unit, established in September 2020 and based within the Department of the Taoiseach, has been driving the delivery of the majority of projects in these areas, in many cases without direct input from the Northern Ireland Executive. This paper reviews how informal governance has been used to enhance cooperation and solve issues due to the deliberately limiting nature of the formal Strand Two institutions.
Foreign Direct Investments In The Arms Industry
Authors: Balu Mihai Alexandru , Neag Mihai Marcel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The arms industry plays a massive role in the global industry and business, producing and selling weapons, technology and military equipment. The conflict in Ukraine and the one in the Middle East have marked a major change in the dynamics of global security, forcing states and companies in the defense industry to adopt their strategies and invest massively in the development of new technologies and military capabilities. The geo-political situation at global level and the constant threats of a possible extension of the existing wars are leading to an increase in investments in the armaments sector. At an international level, start-ups and investment funds are focusing on the arms business, which is now, one of the most profitable sectors, indicating that a phenomenon similar to that of the pandemic is taking shape.
Sustainable Military Uniforms – Conceptual Approaches and Good Practices
Authors: Hrab Daniela-Elena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Sustainability, in the context of sustainable development, has attracted the interest of military decision-makers who are tasked with both ensuring military personnel’s basic needs and efficiently managing defence resources. In this respect, military uniforms represent one area in which sustainable solutions can and should be adopted in line with the regulatory framework established at the level of the European Union for all textile products. Therefore, this article explores the available literature and analyses cases of good practices adopted by various military armed forces to highlight the advantages of this approach and draw valuable lessons. The primary aim is to offer the main dimensions which characterize a sustainable military uniform, providing useful insights for military logisticians and other specialists involved in supplying military personnel with products that align with current trends in the textile industry, meet soldiers’ basic needs, and contribute to achieving sustainable development goals. Additionally, this article looks into the advantages retained in the military domain, also highlighting the need to change the actual production and consumption paradigm in this field.
Divorce – A Socio-Demographic Perspective During the Covid 19 Pandemic
Authors: Mihai Dariana Mihaela , Șelaru Ilie Cristian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Romanian family has gone through, especially after the fall of the communist regime, a series of changes regarding the dynamics of processes and practices within this social group. Starting from the interest that the authors have in the issue of family sociology, using concepts and notions specific to demography and combining elements related to the field of statistics, the work Divorce - a socio-demographic perspective during the COVID 19 pandemic aims to bring to the readers’ attention a transversal analysis on the latest transformations that affected the family, in the sense of a social group, from the perspective of divorce in the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic period. In the first part, we proposed to make some clarifications on the concepts we will use, followed by presenting some sociological theories related to the family. Next, we will refer to some legislative and social aspects that have influenced family dynamics over time in Romania, following which, in the last part of the paper, we will refer to the most recent data provided by the official statistics, in order to create an overall picture of this phenomenon. We aim to provide an x-ray on the phenomenon of divorce in Romania, using the latest available data, through the technique of secondary data analysis. We will refer to the years before the COVID 19 pandemic, to the years when it reached its peak and to the post-pandemic years, the aim being to follow the dynamics of the divorce phenomenon in Romania, during this period.
Revisiting the 4% Withdrawal Rule Using Monte Carlo Simulations with Random Market Declines
Authors: Tamimi Nabil , Sebastianelli Rose , Rajan Murli , Rocco Vincent 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper tracks the performance of a hypothetical retirement portfolio valued at $1,000,000 by applying the popular 4% rule of thumb withdrawals. These withdrawals are adjusted annually to account for simulated inflation and market return rates. Additionally, we incorporate different market shocks that resemble “black swan” events into our analysis. Commencing at a retirement age of 64 and adopting a 30-year retirement planning horizon, we employ Monte Carlo simulations to compute the final value of the portfolio at age 93 under various market shocks. These events occur randomly within the 30-year planning horizon. The average ending portfolio balance and the probability of fund depletion are reported, considering diverse portfolios with a range of asset allocations divided between stocks and bonds. The study's results demonstrate that a portfolio with a higher allocation to equity can yield a superior average ending portfolio balance while reducing the risk of fund depletion.