bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Krankheitsbezogener Wissenserwerb durch strukturierte Patienteninformation bei Rheumatoider Arthritis (StruPI-RA)
Authors: Schwarze M. , Fieguth V. , Schuch F. , Sandner P. , Edelmann E. , Händel A. , Kettler M. , Hanke A. , Kück M. , Stein L. , Stille C. , Fellner M. , De Angelis V. , Touissant S. , Specker C. 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund/Ziel
Mit der strukturierten Patienteninformation für Rheumatoide Arthritis (StruPi-RA) liegt das erste standardisierte ambulante Patientenschulungsprogramm für Rheumatoide Arthritis (RA) in Deutschland vor. Das Hauptziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Erfassung der Wirksamkeit von StruPI-RA in Bezug auf den krankheitsspezifischen Wissenserwerb bei Patienten mit früher RA oder nach Therapiewechsel.

Methoden
Insgesamt wurden 61 Patienten eingeschlossen: n = 32 in die Interventionsgruppe (IG) und n = 29 in die Kontrollgruppe (KG). Die Intervention umfasste ein strukturiertes Patienteninformationsprogramm (StruPi-RA) zu den Themen Diagnostik, Therapie und Leben mit RA, welches drei 90-minütige Module beinhaltet. Die KG erhielt nur einen Patientenratgeber der Deutschen Rheumaliga zur Information über die Erkrankung. Primäres Zielkriterium war der krankheitsbezogene Wissenserwerb, der anhand des Patient Knowledge Questionnaire (PKQ) sowie Erweiterungsfragen zu 2 Messzeitpunkten, einmal unmittelbar vor und dann nach Durchführung von StruPI-RA, erhoben wurde.

Ergebnisse
Die Teilnahme an StruPI-RA führte zu einer signifikanten Verbesserung des krankheitsspezifischen Wissens im Gruppen- und Zeitvergleich zur ungeschulten Gruppe im Original-PKQ sowie in der Fragebogenerweiterung. Ein Einfluss der Krankheitsdauer oder des Bildungsstands wurde nicht beobachtet. Allein in der Subskala Therapie zeigte sich ein signifikanter Unterscheid im Gruppen- und Zeitvergleich.

Diskussion
Die Teilnehmer am StruPI-RA-Programm hatten im Vergleich zu ungeschulten Patienten einen nachweisbaren krankheitsspezifischen Wissenszuwachs. Dadurch kann sich die Arzt-Patienten-Kommunikation verbessern und eine fundierte Entscheidungsfindung hinsichtlich der Therapie befördert werden. Mittelfristig können sich darüber hinaus eine erhöhte Selbstmanagementkompetenz der Patienten und langfristig auch eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität sowie der Therapieadhärenz ergeben.
In the Shadow of the Monster: Gothic Narratives of Violence Prevention
Authors: Skott Sara , Nyhlén Sara , Giritli-Nygren Katarina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article examines narratives by professionals working on preventing gender-based violence in Sweden through a Gothic lens. It draws on interviews with authorities responsible for preventing gender-based violence in one region of Sweden and explores the way national policies are translated into regional action. Our analysis shows how the “reel” is adopted by the professionals and becomes a part of the “real,” resulting in implications for policy. By looking at the participants’ narratives through a Gothic lens, this article argues that local-level professionals working to prevent violence frame gender-based violence as a problem of two “othered” groups: the “Immigrant Other” and the “Rural Other.” Through a narratological strategy of illumination and obscurity, these groups of offenders are rendered both uncanny and monstrous by the respondents—a monstrosity that obscures any violence occurring outside this framing. The problem of gender-based violence is relegated from the site of the mundane to the sphere of the monstrous.
Concentration of trace elements in forest soil affected by former timber depot
Authors: Warczyk Arkadiusz , Wanic Tomasz , Antonkiewicz Jacek , Pietrzykowski Marcin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCertain parts of global forests show elevated concentrations of trace elements as a result of industry processes, places such as wood depots and plant protection products, which together degrade the forest environment. This paper examines a timber depot that used wood preservatives in World War II located in the Warcino Forest Inspectorate (Poland). It presents monitory findings on the degree to which the upper soil layer in the depot area has been contaminated by wood preservatives. Within two forest divisions, a network of soil extraction points was established, distinguished into three separate categories that demarcate the degrees of vegetation coverage and growth of the common pine. These were Area A (area with a pine stand that is several dozen years-old), Area B (areas with a pine stand that is approximately a dozen years-old) and Area C (areas without a pine stand). The Cu concentration in the surface categories was respectively 141.03/187.54/834.43 mg·kg−1. Above 600% in Cu concentration was noted in category C in comparison to category A. It was found that the content of most elements (B, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn) did not exceed the permissible values according to the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment on soil quality standards; however, in the case of Cu, the limit values established for forest and agricultural soils were exceeded, with the highest Cu contents found in the ‘C’ category. The results obtained confirm that the wood protection chemicals, such as copper sulphate, affected the long-term pollution of forest soils.
On the feasibility of automated prediction of bug and non-bug issues
Authors: Herbold Steffen , Trautsch Alexander , Trautsch Fabian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Context
Issue tracking systems are used to track and describe tasks in the development process, e.g., requested feature improvements or reported bugs. However, past research has shown that the reported issue types often do not match the description of the issue.

Objective
We want to understand the overall maturity of the state of the art of issue type prediction with the goal to predict if issues are bugs and evaluate if we can improve existing models by incorporating manually specified knowledge about issues.

Method
We train different models for the title and description of the issue to account for the difference in structure between these fields, e.g., the length. Moreover, we manually detect issues whose description contains a null pointer exception, as these are strong indicators that issues are bugs.

Results
Our approach performs best overall, but not significantly different from an approach from the literature based on the fastText classifier from Facebook AI Research. The small improvements in prediction performance are due to structural information about the issues we used. We found that using information about the content of issues in form of null pointer exceptions is not useful. We demonstrate the usefulness of issue type prediction through the example of labelling bugfixing commits.

Conclusions
Issue type prediction can be a useful tool if the use case allows either for a certain amount of missed bug reports or the prediction of too many issues as bug is acceptable.
A review on the role of functional limitations on evacuation performance using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Authors: Bukvic Olivera , Carlsson Gunilla , Gefenaite Giedre , Slaug Björn , Schmidt Steven M. , Ronchi Enrico 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis scoping review addresses the role of functional limitations on evacuation performance of adults in public buildings. Although this topic has been addressed in evacuation research, no linkage is currently available between functional limitations, the predominant activities affected by them and evacuation performance. This review strives to open a debate on the need to classify the impact of disability in terms of functional limitations on evacuation performance according to methods adopted in health science. This paper reviews literature concerning evacuation from public buildings with adults aged ≥ 60 years and/or adults aged ≥ 18 years with functional limitations. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health has been used to identify predominant activities during an evacuation and to perform a structured classification at different levels of resolution to address self-evacuation possibilities. Results of the review are presented in a tabular form linking predominant activities in terms of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and six categories of functional limitations with the engineering evacuation time-line. The suggested classification can facilitate the assessment of the evacuation-related issues in buildings in relation to the population under consideration. The main research gaps identified include the lack of studies concerning the impact of cognitive limitations on egress, and the need to add the temporal dimension to the methods adopted in accessibility research to allow for their use in the egress field.
Anxiety and Depressive Symptom Trajectories in Adolescence and the Co-Occurring Development of Cognitive Biases: Evidence from the CogBIAS Longitudinal Study
Authors: Songco Annabel , Booth Charlotte , Spiegler Olivia , Parsons Sam , Fox Elaine 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe development of negative cognitive biases, together with symptoms of anxiety and depression, has yet to be investigated longitudinally. Using a three-wave design, the present study examined developmental trajectories of anxiety and depressive symptoms and the co-occurrence of cognitive biases, in a large normative sample of adolescents (N = 504). Data was drawn from the CogBIAS Longitudinal Study (CogBIAS-L-S), which assessed a wide range of psychological variables, including cognitive biases and self-reported anxiety and depressive symptoms, when adolescents were approximately 13, 14.5, and 16 years of age. The results showed that overall levels of anxiety were low and stable, while levels of depression were low but increased slightly at each wave. Growth mixture modeling identified four distinct developmental classes with regard to anxiety and depressive symptoms. Multiple group analysis further showed that class membership was related to the development of cognitive biases. The majority of the sample (75%) was characterised by ‘Low symptoms’ of anxiety and depression and showed low interpretation and memory biases for negative stimuli at each wave. A second class (11%) displayed ‘Decreasing anxiety symptoms’ and showed decreasing interpretation bias, but increasing memory bias. A third class (8%) displayed ‘Comorbid increasing symptoms’ and showed increasing interpretation and memory biases. While the fourth class (6%) displayed ‘Comorbid decreasing symptoms’ and showed decreasing interpretation and memory biases. This longitudinal study sheds light on healthy and psychopathological emotional development in adolescence and highlights cognitive mechanisms that may be useful targets for prevention and early interventions.
Aging attenuates the ovarian circadian rhythm
Authors: Jiang Ziru , Zou Kexin , Liu Xia , Gu Hangchao , Meng Yicong , Lin Jing , Shi Weihui , Yu Chuanjin , Jin Li , Wang Li , Liu Xinmei , Sheng Jianzhong , Huang Hefeng , Ding Guolian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective
To study the effect of aging on ovarian circadian rhythm.

Design
Human and animal study.

Setting
University hospital and research laboratory.

Patients/animals
Human granulosa cells were obtained by follicular aspiration from women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), and ovarian and liver tissues were obtained from female C57BL/6 mice.

Intervention(s)
None.

Main outcome measure(s)
Expression of circadian genes in young and older human granulosa cells and circadian rhythm in ovaries and livers of young and older mice.

Result(s)
All examined circadian clock genes in human granulosa cells showed a downward trend in expression with aging, and their mRNA expression levels were negatively correlated with age (P < 0.05). Older patients (≥ 40 years of age) had significantly reduced serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. Except for Rev-erbα, all other examined circadian clock genes were positively correlated with the level of AMH (P < 0.05). The circadian rhythm in the ovaries of older mice (8 months) was changed significantly relative to that in ovaries of young mice (12 weeks), although the circadian rhythm in the livers of older mice was basically consistent with that of young mice.

Conclusion(s)
Lower ovarian reserve in older women is partially due to ovarian circadian dysrhythmia as a result of aging.
Mechanochemical synthesis: route to novel rock-salt-structured high-entropy oxides and oxyfluorides
Authors: Lin Ling , Wang Kai , Azmi Raheleh , Wang Junbo , Sarkar Abhishek , Botros Miriam , Najib Saleem , Cui Yanyan , Stenzel David , Anitha Sukkurji Parvathy , Wang Qingsong , Hahn Horst , Schweidler Simon , Breitung Ben 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA facile mechanochemical reaction at ambient temperature was successfully applied to synthesize novel single-phase rock-salt-structured high-entropy oxides, containing five, six and seven metal elements in equiatomic amounts. This synthesis approach overcomes the limitations of the commonly known synthesis procedures, which would result in multiple-phase compounds. Redox-sensitive elements, such as Fe2+ and Mn2+, can now be considered. The corresponding single-phase Li-containing high-entropy oxyfluorides were obtained by introducing LiF into the lattice using the same strategy. All materials show single-phase rock-salt structures with lattice parameters depending on the incorporated ion sizes. Solid solution states result in high configurational entropies, and all elements appear homogenously distributed over the whole cationic and anionic sublattice. The straightforward synthesis technique, combined with utilized simple binary oxide precursors, paves the way for a multitude of novel high-entropy oxide and oxyfluoride compounds. The compounds were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Mid Infrared Tomography of Polymer Pipes
Authors: Hutchins D. A. , Huthwaite P. , Davis L. A. J. , Billson D. R. , Senni L. , Laureti S. , Ricci M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMid-infrared signals in the 2–5 μm wavelength range have been transmitted through samples of polymer pipes, as commonly used in the water supply industry. It is shown that simple through-transmission images can be obtained using a broad spectrum source and a suitable camera. This leads to the possibility of tomography, where images are obtained as the measurement system is rotated with respect to the axis of the pipe. The unusual 3D geometry created by a source of finite size and the imaging plane of a camera, plus the fact that refraction at the pipe wall would cause significant ray bending, meant that the reconstruction of tomographic images had to be considered with some care. A result is shown for a thinning defect on the inner wall of a polymer water pipe, demonstrating that such changes can be reconstructed successfully.
A Responsible Internet to Increase Trust in the Digital World
Authors: Hesselman Cristian , Grosso Paola , Holz Ralph , Kuipers Fernando , Xue Janet Hui , Jonker Mattijs , de Ruiter Joeri , Sperotto Anna , van Rijswijk-Deij Roland , Moura Giovane C. M. , Pras Aiko , de Laat Cees 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPolicy makers in regions such as Europe are increasingly concerned about the trustworthiness and sovereignty of the foundations of their digital economy, because it often depends on systems operated or manufactured elsewhere. To help curb this problem, we propose the novel notion of a responsible Internet, which provides higher degrees of trust and sovereignty for critical service providers (e.g., power grids) and all kinds of other users by improving the transparency, accountability, and controllability of the Internet at the network-level. A responsible Internet accomplishes this through two new distributed and decentralized systems. The first is the Network Inspection Plane (NIP), which enables users to request measurement-based descriptions of the chains of network operators (e.g., ISPs and DNS and cloud providers) that handle their data flows or could potentially handle them, including the relationships between them and the properties of these operators. The second is the Network Control Plane (NCP), which allows users to specify how they expect the Internet infrastructure to handle their data (e.g., in terms of the security attributes that they expect chains of network operators to have) based on the insights they gained from the NIP. We discuss research directions and starting points to realize a responsible Internet by combining three currently largely disjoint research areas: large-scale measurements (for the NIP), open source-based programmable networks (for the NCP), and policy making (POL) based on the NIP and driving the NCP. We believe that a responsible Internet is the next stage in the evolution of the Internet and that the concept is useful for clean slate Internet systems as well.
Mechanism-based modeling of the effect of a novel inhibitor of vascular adhesion protein-1 on albuminuria and renal function markers in patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Hoefman Sven , Snelder Nelleke , van Noort Martijn , Garcia-Hernandez Alberto , Onkels Hartmut , Larsson Tobias E. , Bergmann Kirsten R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) inhibitor ASP8232 reduces albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. A mechanism-based model was developed to quantify the effects of ASP8232 on renal markers from a placebo-controlled Phase 2 study in diabetic kidney disease with 12 weeks of ASP8232 treatment. The model incorporated the available pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic (plasma VAP-1 concentration and activity), serum and urine creatinine, serum cystatin C, albumin excretion rate, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and urine volume information in an integrated manner. Drug-independent time-varying changes and different drug effects could be quantified for these markers using the model. Through simulations, this model provided the opportunity to dissect the relationship and longitudinal association between the estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria and to quantify the pharmacological effects of ASP8232. The developed drug-independent model may be useful as a starting point for other compounds affecting the same biomarkers in a similar time scale.
Study on the aerosol generation of plutonium metal due to oxidation
Authors: Peng Xianxun , Ding Dexin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTransuranic metals such as plutonium usually need to be protected in inert gases to inhibit oxidation and produce aerosols. In the paper, the oxidation reaction process of plutonium was depicted based on the point defect model. The aerosol generation rate was approximated to the oxidation rate of plutonium when the oxidation layer keeps constant. The results show that the rate is strongly dependent on the vacancy diffusivity and reaction rate constant of the vacancy generation and consumption. The aerosol generation rate at the temperature of 298 K is in the order of 108 particles/cm2/s.
Rip current hazard assessment on a sandy beach in Liguria, NW Mediterranean
Authors: Mucerino Luigi , Carpi Luca , Schiaffino Chiara F. , Pranzini Enzo , Sessa Eleonora , Ferrari Marco 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRip currents are one of the most significant environmental hazards for beachgoers and are of interest to coastal scientists. Several studies have been conducted to understand rip current dynamics, and several approaches for rip hazard assessment have been proposed. In general, the purpose is to provide knowledge and tools to support authorities and lifeguards in rip current risk prevention. This study proposes the application of an expeditious methodology to evaluate rip current hazard and risk, based on probability theory. The tested area was located along the Alassio beach, a renowned tourist destination located on the western Ligurian coast (NW Italy). A coastal video-monitoring system was used for rip currents individuation, whereas wave data were collected thanks to an oceanographic buoy managed by Regione Liguria. In detail, a yearly analysis was performed to identify the correspondence between rip currents and wave parameters data. The results showed that rip currents occur, in the study area, under moderate wave conditions ($$0.5 \le H_s \le 1.34$$

0.5
≤

H
s

≤
1.34

m; $$4.7\le T_m \le 7.0$$

4.7
≤

T
m

≤
7.0

s; $$150^{\circ }\,\hbox {N} \le \theta _m \le 227^{\circ }$$

150
∘

N
≤

θ
m

≤

227
∘

N). Based on this analysis, an easy application of the probability theory was applied to evaluate the level of hazard. Moreover, considering the official tourist data, we also perform an expeditious rip currents risk evaluation. The results showed that the hazard level is considered high at annual time scale and moderate during the tourist season; the risk is related to seasonal presences. The study can propose a tool to support authorities and lifeguards in water safety planning and management.
Mapping the technology evolution path: a novel model for dynamic topic detection and tracking
Authors: Liu Huailan , Chen Zhiwang , Tang Jie , Zhou Yuan , Liu Sheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIdentifying the evolution path of a research field is essential to scientific and technological innovation. There have been many attempts to identify the technology evolution path based on the topic model or social networks analysis, but many of them had deficiencies in methodology. First, many studies have only considered a single type of information (text or citation information) in scientific literature, which may lead to incomplete technology path mapping. Second, the number of topics in each period cannot be determined automatically, making dynamic topic tracking difficult. Third, data mining methods fail to be effectively combined with visual analysis, which will affect the efficiency and flexibility of mapping. In this study, we developed a method for mapping the technology evolution path using a novel non-parametric topic model, the citation involved Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (CIHDP), to achieve better topic detection and tracking of scientific literature. To better present and analyze the path, D3.js is used to visualize the splitting and fusion of the evolutionary path. We used this novel model to mapping the artificial intelligence research domain, through a successful mapping of the evolution path, the proposed method’s validity and merits are shown. After incorporating the citation information, we found that the CIHDP can be mapping a complete path evolution process and had better performance than the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process and LDA. This method can be helpful for understanding and analyzing the development of technical topics. Moreover, it can be well used to map the science or technology of the innovation ecosystem. It may also arouse the interest of technology evolution path researchers or policymakers.