bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive alignment of a grazing incidence focusing mirror based on nonlinear mapping modeling
Authors: Li Erbo , Li Chaojiang , Zhang Zhijing , Su Taiyu , Zuo Fuchang , Mei Zhiwu , Sheng Zhichao 
Published: December 2024

The grazing incidence focusing mirror is a key device for realizing x-ray space astronomy observation. The manual iterative adjustment is inefficient and labor-intensive because of the high requirements for alignment accuracy. The approach of obtaining simulation data and adjusting its posture based on the ideal surface shape of the focusing mirror differs significantly from the actual alignment process. In this paper, we propose a nonlinear mapping modeling method between the misalignment and the imaging quality of the focused spot. This method is based on the focused spot’s imaging quality attribute data as input and the focusing mirror’s position as output. The results show that the prediction errors RMSE are all less than 1 µm, and the angular resolution of the focused spot is improved by about 200′′, which verifies the availability of the adaptive alignment method.
Association of low-level heavy metal exposure with risk of chronic kidney disease and long-term mortality
Authors: Kuo Pai-Feng , Huang Yun-Ting , Chuang Min-Hsiang , Jiang Ming-Yan 
Published: December 2024

Background
While the nephrotoxicity of lead and cadmium is well-established, the impact of low-level exposure on risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and long-term health outcomes, especially in CKD patients, remains unclear. This study examines the association between low-level lead and cadmium exposure with risks of CKD and long-term mortality.

Method
We analyzed data from adult participants of 2003–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the United States. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Elevated blood lead (≥ 1.5 μg/dL) and cadmium (≥ 0.4 μg/L) levels were assessed for their associations with CKD and all-cause mortality, with survival tracked until December 31, 2019.

Results
Among the 24,810 participants (mean age 44.4 years, 48.9% male), 1,309 (3.9%) had CKD. Lead and cadmium levels were significantly higher in participants with CKD compared to those without. Elevated lead (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.15–1.74) and cadmium (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.03–1.46) levels were both associated with increased CKD risk, with the highest risk in those with both lead ≥ 1.5 μg/dL and cadmium ≥ 0.4 μg/L (OR: 1.65, 95% CI 1.27–2.14). During a median follow-up of 141 months, 2,255 participants died (7.0 per 10,000 person-months). Elevated cadmium was associated with higher mortality risk in CKD (HR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.07–1.88) and non-CKD populations (HR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.24–1.58), while lead levels were not significantly associated with mortality in either group. Participants with both elevated lead and cadmium had a significantly higher mortality risk (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.13–1.54).

Conclusion
Low-level cadmium and lead exposure are linked to increased CKD risk, with cadmium also associated with higher long-term mortality in both CKD and non-CKD populations. These findings highlight the need for public health efforts to reduce exposure and further research on long-term impacts.
Proximal Polyps Are Associated With Higher Incidence of Colorectal Cancer: Analysis of the Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study
Authors: Goffredo Paolo , Troester Alexander , Wolf Jack M. , Rudser Kyle , Church Timothy R. , Shaukat Aasma 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Despite reports indicating that polyps proximal to the splenic flexure have higher rates of metachronous colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC), the role of adenoma location on surveillance recommendations remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze the association between index polyp location and postcolonoscopy CRC among participants of the Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study.

METHODS:
The Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study randomized 46,551 patients 50–80 years to usual care, annual, or biennial screening with fecal occult–blood testing. Screening was performed between 1976 and 1992. Positive fecal occult–blood testing was followed by colonoscopy. We analyzed participants whose colonoscopy revealed at least 1 adenoma. Patients were divided into those with at least 1 lesion proximal to the splenic flexure and those without.

RESULTS:
Of 2,295 patients, 815 had proximal adenomas. The majority were men; mean age = 62 years at randomization, and 69 years at index polyp. There was a high rate of advanced adenomas: 44% ≥ 1 polyp ≥1 cm, 35% with villous histology, and 5% high-grade dysplasia. At 20 years, 87 patients had a CRC diagnosis, and the estimated cumulative incidence of CRC was 4.3%. Proximal adenomas had a higher risk of developing a postcolonoscopy CRC (subdistribution hazard ratio = 1.63, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–2.53, P = 0.03), which was attenuated after adjusting for polyp multiplicity in sensitivity analyses (subdistribution hazard ratio = 1.56, 95% confidence interval = 0.96–2.53, P = 0.07).

DISCUSSION:
Although patients with proximal adenomas were found to have higher hazards of postcolonoscopy CRC, adjusting for polyp multiplicity attenuated the strength of association. Further research is warranted to determine whether polyp location should be factored in the determination of appropriate surveillance intervals.
The Effect of the Second Forward View on the Detection Rate of Sessile Serrated Lesions in the Proximal Colon: A Single-Center Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Wu Jiandi , Zhang Qingqing , Li Xueyan , Bai Tao , Hou Xiaohua , Li Gangping , Song Jun 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:
The detection rate of proximal sessile serrated lesion (PSSLDR) is linked to the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. However, research on second forward view (SFV) examinations for PSSLDR remains limited. This first randomized controlled trial assessed the impact of the proximal SFV on the PSSLDR.

METHODS:
Patients were randomized into 2 groups during proximal colonoscopy: standard colonoscopy (SC) and SFV. The SC group underwent a standard examination, whereas the SFV group underwent a second examination of the proximal colon (cecum to splenic flexure). The primary outcome was PSSLDR, with secondary outcomes, including the proximal polyp detection rate (PPDR), proximal adenoma detection rate (PADR), and lesion miss rate, compared between the 2 groups.

RESULTS:
Among 246 patients (SC = 124; SFV = 122), SFV significantly improved the PSSLDR by 7.4% compared with SC (9.8% vs 2.4%, P = 0.017). SFV increased the PPDR by 20.2% (55.7% vs 35.5%, P = 0.002) and PADR by 12.7% (37.7% vs 25%, P = 0.039). Multivariate analysis revealed that sessile serrated lesions (odds ratio [OR] = 7.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.58, 37.59]), inflammatory polyps (OR = 4.24, 95% CI [1.73, 10.39]), and lesion size (OR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.60, 0.96]) were associated with proximal missed lesions. The overall polyp miss rate was 52.9%, with miss rates of 61.0% for polyps <5 mm, 80% for sessile serrated lesions, and 42.2% for adenomas. Furthermore, 12.3% of patients experienced changes in surveillance intervals from SFV examination.

DISCUSSION:
SFV examination of the proximal colon significantly improved the PSSLDR by 7.4%, PPDR by 20.2%, and PADR by 12.7%, while shortening the detection interval by 12.3%, making it a valuable and cost-effective addition to routine colonoscopy.
A framework for validating efficiency models of thermal separation columns with tray internals
Authors: Vishwakarma Vineet , Marchini Sara , Schleicher Eckhard , Schubert Markus , Hampel Uwe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Tray columns are globally used for distillation processes, and their performance must be optimized to reduce their cost and energy expenditures as well as carbon emissions. A prerequisite to achieve these targets demands a realistic account of the tray performance based on tray efficiency model application. The proof of concept of a Refined Residence Time Distribution (RRTD) model, recently proposed by the authors, is presented. The multifaceted challenges in acquiring hydrodynamic and performance data suitable for model validation are discussed in this work. In that regard, an unprecedented experimental campaign was performed in a representative large-scale air-water tray column simulator based on the application of multiplex flow profiler, new chemical system, and novel data processing schemes. Using these data and additional case studies, the capabilities of the RRTD model were demonstrated. This model successfully accounted for the impacts of varying local liquid flow characteristics and vapor flow maldistributions on the tray efficiency thereby advancing the state of the art of the tray efficiency models. This work particularly aimed at proposing a constructive framework to evaluate tray efficiency models in the future campaigns, and those campaigns will benefit from the learnings of the present work.
A complex impedance spectroscopy study on PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composites
Authors: Swarnakar Mainak , Mandal Partha Sarathi , Gayen Rabindranath , Pal Chowdhury Manish 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The synthesis of polymer composites consisting of conducting polyaniline (PANI), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is achieved by the polymerization technique. A nanocomposite consisting of polyaniline (PANI) and CoFe2O4 is prepared using the interfacial chemical oxidation polymerization technique, resulting in a composition containing 50 wt.% of CoFe2O4. Nanoparticles of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) were synthesized by using the sol–gel auto-combustion process. The PANI/CoFe2O4 (1:1) nanocomposites with weight percentages of 5, 10, 15, and 20 are incorporated into the PVDF matrix as fillers in order to alter the morphology and AC electrical conductivity of the PVDF/PANI/CoFe2O4 composite materials. The structural and morphological properties were studied using characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. At room temperature, impedance spectroscopy, dielectric measurements, and AC electrical conductivity were carried out in the frequency range of 40 Hz to 5 MHz. The dielectric permittivity has been shown to decline exponentially in low-frequency zones before remaining almost constant up to 5 MHz. When the frequency is increased up to 1 MHz, the AC conductivity of all composites remains constant; after that, it increases as the frequency increases. It was found that PANI-CoFe2O4 nanocomposites modified the overall charge transport mechanism by modulating the core grain and grain boundary. The experimental Nyquist plot for different composite samples was fitted by an appropriate RC electrical model to evaluate relaxation time. The relaxation time τ
1 (R
1
C
1) and τ
2 (R
2
C
2) were both reduced after the reinforcement of PANI-CoFe2O4 nanocomposites.
The influence of welding modes on metallic structures processed through WAAM
Authors: Kanishka Kumar , Acherjee Bappa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has emerged as a versatile and cost-effective technique for fabricating complex, large-scale components with enhanced material flexibility. The bead profile, like width, height, and penetration, is critical in WAAM fabrication, influencing the quality and performance of the final component. Consistent and precise profiles are essential for accurate layering and material deposition in complex 3D structures. Various parameters, such as current, voltage, deposition rate, interpass temperature, and welding mode, impact deposit quality in WAAM. This study focuses on implementing a controlled heat input deposition approach, utilizing various welding modes: Control Weld (classic MIG/MAG), Speed Weld (voltage-controlled pulsed arc), Vari Weld (current-controlled pulsed arc), Rapid Weld (high-capacity spray arc), Root Weld (energy-reduced short arc), and Fine Weld (energy-reduced, current-controlled short arc). The study scrutinizes the impact of altering the welding mode on bead profile, bead quality, macroscopic morphology, microstructure, and mechanical properties in single-bead WAAM structures.
Artificial intelligence in academic writing: a detailed examination
Authors: Scott-Herring Mary 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
As AI tools have become popular in academia, concerns about their impact on student originality and academic integrity have arisen.

Methods
This quality improvement project examined first-year nurse anesthesiology students’ use of AI for an academic writing assignment. Students generated, edited, and reflected on AI-produced content. Their work was analyzed for commonalities related to the perceived ease of use, accuracy, and overall impressions.

Results
Students found AI tools easy to use with fast results, but reported concerns with inaccuracies, superficiality, and unreliable citations and formatting. Despite these issues, some saw potential in AI for brainstorming and proofreading.

Implications for international audience
Clear guidelines are necessary for AI use in academia. Further research should explore AI’s long-term impact on academic writing and learning outcomes.

Conclusions
While AI tools offer speed and convenience, they currently lack the depth required for rigorous academic work.
Impact of screening for large-for-gestational-age fetuses on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a prospective observational study
Authors: Birene Benjamin , Ferreira Alexandre , Raimond Emilie , Graesslin Olivier , Ishaque Uzma , Gabriel René 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Debates on the management of macrosomia are still current. We have to consider the consequences of screening to contribute to these discussions. Our aim is to study the consequences of the 3rd trimester fetal macrosomia screening protocols used in several centres in the same French region in order to determine whether this screening affects maternal and neonatal outcomes: mode of delivery, maternal complications (haemorrhage, perineal lesions), neonatal health (pH, Apgar score) and the occurrence of neonatal trauma during delivery.

Methods
Prospective observational, multicenter cohort study (Reims, Châlons en Champagne and Charleville-Mézières hospitals). All women with low-risk pregnancies who could benefit from screening for fetal macrosomia were included. Neonatal macrosomia was defined as a weight above the 90th percentile according to AUDIPOG adjusted growth curves. The principal outcome was the cesarean section rate. Secondary outcomes were instrumental deliveries and maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Results
2,217 women were included. Rates of cesarean section and instrumental delivery were higher if macrosomia had been screened, whether rightly, in large-for-gestational-age newborns (respectively 9,802 [1.638–190.290], p=0.038 and 3,021 [1.099–8.846], p=0.036) or wrongly, in newborns who were ultimately appropriate-for-date (respectively ORa 3.562 [1.377–10.128], p=0.01 and 3.042 [1.139–8.596], p=0.36). This screening did not reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Conclusions
Screening for fetal macrosomia may be associated with increased rates of cesarean section and instrumental delivery for large-for-gestational-age and appropriate-for-date newborns. These results do not show any impact of these variations on maternal or neonatal health, and do not allow us to change practices directly. They do, however, alert us to the consequences of widespread screening for LGA and its possible side effects, which could be better targeted to high-risk populations or improved according to other criteria.
Comparing and optimizing different bio-inspired crash box designs
Authors: Öztürk İsmail 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The use of bio-inspired structures in vehicles is promising. The crashworthiness performance of crash boxes inspired by honeycomb, bamboo, and horsetail structures was compared according to impact simulations. Results were compared regarding specific energy absorption (SEA), peak crushing force (PCF), and specific energy absorption to peak crushing force ratio. Single and multi-objective optimization studies were carried out with a horsetail crash box, which gave the best results. This crash box design can be used in vehicles to improve passive safety.
Nietzsche on the Poverty and Possibility of Human Love: Jesus, Dionysus, Zarathustra
Authors: Shepherd Melanie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nietzsche’s portrait of Jesus as a lovesick knower of the heart in BGE 269 aligns the problems of Christian love with some of Nietzsche’s critical remarks about erotic love in the Free Spirit works. In this paper, I will examine the nuances of Nietzsche’s criticisms of erotic and of Christian love and demonstrate that in their failures, they also contain potential for forms of love that Nietzsche celebrates: self-love, friendship, and amor fati. Finally, I consider Beyond Good and Evil in the context of Book IX, arguing that the chapter does not resolve with Dionysus as Nietzsche’s final response to Jesus, but instead that the duality between them marks different kinds of deficiencies regarding love, to which Nietzsche responds with his Zarathustra.
Formar, tolerar, incluir: tríade de governamento dos professores de surdos
Authors: Machado Fernanda de Camargo , Lunardi-Lazzarin Marcia Lise 
Published: December 2024

Este estudo se propôs a problematizar os discursos da formação docente nas/das políticas de diversidade e seus efeitos na constituição e governamento dos professores de surdos no Brasil. Para tanto, utilizou-se um conjunto de ferramentas de análise extraídas do campo dos Estudos Foucaultianos em Educação, principalmente aquelas que estão próximas das pesquisas de tendência pós-estruturalista, bem como algumas contribuições do pensamento de Zigmunt Bauman. Assim, esta pesquisa pretendeu discutir as manobras políticas implicadas na formação docente para a inclusão, no sentido de fabricar e governar o professor de surdos interessante à engrenagem neoliberal: flexível, polivalente, engajado, autogerenciado e tolerante.Palavras-chave: Formação de Professores; Educação de Surdos; Inclusão; Governamentalidade.To Form, to tolerate, to include: triad of guidance of the teachers of deaf studentsAbstract This study propose to problematize the discourses of teacher education in/of the diversity policies and their effects on the constitution and guidance of teachers of deaf students in Brazil. A set of analysis tools extracted from Foucauldian Education Studies has been used, mainly those that are close to post-structuralist researches, as well as some contributions of Zigmunt Bauman. Hence, this research aiming to discuss the political maneuvers involved in teachers’ education for inclusion, in the sense of producing and governing teachers of deaf students that are interesting to the neo liberal machine: flexible, polyvalent, committed, self-managed, and tolerant. Key Words: Teachers’ education; Deaf Education; Inclusion; Governmentality.
Núcleos Temáticos: uma proposta pedagógica interdisciplinar para o ensino superior
Authors: Sampaio Leonardo Rodrigues , Pereira Monica A. Tomé , Jesus Monica Lima de , Pinheiro Francisco Alves , Ribeiro Marcelo S. de Souza , Menezes Afonso H. Novaes , Lopes Sérgio M. da Motta , Souza Geida M. Cavalcanti de 
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho objetiva relatar a experiência de elaboração e implantação de uma atividade pedagógica chamada Núcleo Temático, na Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco – UNIVASF. Docentes das áreas de Psicologia, Arquitetura, Ergonomia e Segurança do Trabalho, Estatística, Letras, Pedagogia e Matemática construíram em conjunto uma proposta pedagógica orientada para o desenvolvimento de atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. No presente trabalho, serão apresentadas as atividades desenvolvidas por estudantes dos cursos de Administração, Psicologia e Engenharia Elétrica durante um semestre letivo, alguns resultados encontrados, bem como as dificuldades na execução da proposta inicial. Por fim, serão tecidas considerações gerais a respeito de perspectivas futuras para as atividades de Núcleo Temático na UNIVASF. Palavras-chave: Núcleo temático; Interdisciplinaridade; Educação; UNIVASF.Thematic Nucleus: an interdisciplinary pedagogical proposal for the superior education.AbstractThe present work aims to report the experience of elaboration and implantation of a pedagogical activity called Thematic Nucleus, in the Federal University of São Francisco Valley-UNIVASF. Teachers of the Psychology, Architecture, Ergonomic, Work Security, Statistic, Letters, Pedagogy and Mathematics areas building together a pedagogical proposal guided to the development of teaching, research and extension activities. In the present work will be presented the developed activities by the students of Administration, Psychology and Electric Engineer courses during a academic semester, some results founded, as well the difficulties on the execution of the initial proposal. To finish, will be produced, general considerations about the future perspectives to the Thematic Nucleus activities in the UNIVASF.Keywords: Thematic Nucleus; Interdisciplinarity; Education; UNIVASF.
Cadernos de Educação Nº 38
Authors: Del Pino Mauro Augusto Burkert 
Published: December 2024

A Revista Cadernos de Educação inicia o ano de 2011 dando sequência a sua preocupação em contribuir com o debate contemporâneo através da publicação de artigos que expressam preocupações teóricas e metodológicas em torno de importantes temas da educação e de áreas afins. Nesta edição, apresentamos mais um número temático: o dossiê “Políticas, Currículo e Trabalho Docente”. Os artigos foram reunidos e organizados pelas professoras Maria Manuela Alves Garcia e Maria de Lourdes Rangel Tura a partir da produção científica do “Projeto de Intercâmbio e Pesquisa em Políticas de Currículo”, aprovado no âmbito do Programa Nacional de Cooperação Acadêmica, financiado pela CAPES.