bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor-on-a-chip platform to interrogate the role of macrophages in tumor progression
Authors: Bi Ye , Shirure Venktesh S. , Liu Ruiyang , Cunningham Cassandra , Ding Li , Meacham J. Mark , Goedegebuure S. Peter , George Steven C. , Fields Ryan C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTumor-infiltrating leukocytes, in particular macrophages, play an important role in tumor behavior and clinical outcome. The spectrum of macrophage subtypes ranges from antitumor “M1”-type to protumor “M2”-type macrophages. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) typically display phenotypic features of both M1 and M2, and the population distribution is thought to be dynamic and evolve as the tumor progresses. However, our understanding of how TAMs impact the tumor microenvironment remains limited by the lack of appropriate 3D in vitro models that can capture cell to cell dynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution. Using our recently developed micro-physiological “tumor-on-a-chip” (TOC) device, we present here our findings on the impact of defined macrophage subsets on tumor behavior. The TOC device design contains three adjacent and connected chambers in which both the upper and lower chambers are loaded with tumor cells while the central chamber contains a dynamic, perfused, living microvascular network. Introduction of human pancreatic or colorectal cancer cells together with M1-polorized macrophages significantly inhibited tumor growth and tumor-induced angiogenesis. Protein analysis and antibody-based neutralization studies confirmed that these effects were mediated through production of chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11. By contrast, M2-macrophages mediated increased tumor cell migration into the vascularized chamber and did not inhibit tumor growth or angiogenesis. In fact, single-cell RNA-sequencing showed that M2 macrophages further segregated endothelial cells into two distinct subsets, corresponding to static cells in vessels versus active cells involved in angiogenesis. The impact of M2 macrophages was mediated mostly by production of MMP7 and ANGPT2. In summary, our data demonstrate the utility of the TOC device to mechanistically probe biological questions in a 3Din vitromicroenvironment.Insight BoxMacrophages in the tumor microenvironment are key determinants of tumor behavior and clinical outcome. The macrophage subset composition and its functional impact change as tumors progress or during treatment, but adequate models to study this are lacking. We developed a tumor-on-a-chip model of perfused 3D tumor growth to probe the impact of defined macrophage subsets. Our data is consistent with previously described macrophage activity in the tumor microenvironment, and provides potential new molecular targets. Herein, we demonstrate feasibility of probing immuno-oncology questions in a 3Din vitromicroenvironment and at a spatiotemporal resolution.
Minimization of aircraft fuel consumption subjected to arrival time constraint
Authors: Gilani Muhaned , Körpe Durmuş Sinan 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to minimize aircraft fuel consumption during the cruise phase when the flight is subjected to a specific time of arrival for different weights and distances.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach adopted herein uses sequential quadratic programming algorithm from MATLAB optimization toolbox, which includes a mathematical model of a jet airliner based on the Base of Aircraft Data as a function evaluator, to find out the impact of meet-time of arrival constraints on fuel consumption. The cruising speeds at predefined segments and the altitude are defined as the design variables.

Findings
The algorithm determines the optimum cruise altitudes and speeds for minimum fuel consumption in the case of no time constraints, also, for different time constraints where the flight time shall be reduced by increasing speed and lowering the altitude in most of the investigated cases.

Practical implications
The algorithm computes the optimum speed and the altitude according to different flight scenarios with the meet-time of arrival constraints for minimum fuel consumption which affects the direct operating cost of the flight. The algorithm might greatly help in decision-making for the meet-time of arrival operations.

Originality/value
Developing an algorithm to optimize the speed and the altitude of an aircraft based on weight and range for minimization of fuel consumption. It is a pioneer study in the literature that deals with the effect of meet-time constraints on fuel consumption.
Family Firms, Alliance Governance and Mutual Knowledge Creation
Authors: Bouncken Ricarda B. , Hughes Mathew , Ratzmann Martin , Cesinger Beate , Pesch Robin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor family firms, alliances represent a form of heightened entrepreneurial risk‐taking. However, a dearth of research exists on the implications of forms of alliance governance for family firms. In a study of 939 non‐equity alliances of family and non‐family firms, we analyse how contracts and trust influence mutual knowledge creation. Both contract completeness and trust assist non‐family firms in knowledge creation. However, family firms rely on high levels of trust for the creation of knowledge. Knowledge creation suffers when family firms encounter very complete contracts tied to attempts at high levels of trust. The negative interaction effect is especially strong for non‐owner‐run family firms.
Conscious Proning: An Introduction of a Proning Protocol for Nonintubated, Awake, Hypoxic Emergency Department COVID‐19 Patients
Authors: Jiang Lynn G. , LeBaron Johnathon , Bodnar David , Caputo Nicholas D. , Chang Bernard P. , Chiricolo Gerardo , Flores Stefan , Kenny James , Melville Laura , Sayan Osman R. , Sharma Manish , Shemesh Amos , Suh Edward , Farmer Brenna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe novel coronavirus, or COVID‐19, has rapidly become a global pandemic. A major cause of morbidity and mortality due to COVID‐19 has been the worsening hypoxia that, if untreated, can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure. Past work has found that intubated patients with ARDS experience physiological benefits to the prone position, because it promotes better matching of pulmonary perfusion to ventilation, improved secretion clearance, and recruitment of dependent areas of the lungs. We created a systemwide multi‐institutional (New York–Presbyterian Hospital enterprise) protocol for placing awake, nonintubated, emergency department patients with suspected or confirmed COVID‐19 in the prone position. In this piece, we describe the background literature and the approach we have taken at our institution as we care for a high burden of COVID‐19 cases with respiratory symptoms.
Factors associated with hypertension and its management among older rural Australians
Authors: Betts Juliana M. , Gao Caroline , Brown David , Ikin Jillian , Maniam Roshan , Stub Dion , Abramson Michael J. , Liew Danny 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesHypertension is a leading risk factor for death and disability. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in an older rural Australian cohort and identify predictors of hypertension management.DesignAnalysis of cross‐sectional data collected from participants in a prospective cohort study.SettingThe Victorian rural towns of Morwell and Sale in 2018‐2019.ParticipantsA weighted random sample of 1119 eligible participants from Morwell or Sale, aged ≥55‐90 years for men and ≥60‐90 years for women, was drawn from the Hazelwood Health Study's Adult Survey cohort.Main outcome measuresBlood pressure, body mass index, left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram, estimated glomerular filtration rate and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Participants with hypertension were categorised as managed, undermanaged or unmanaged.ResultsTesting undertaken of 498 participants estimated the weighted prevalence of hypertension (defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg, a self‐reported doctor diagnosis of hypertension or taking antihypertensive medication) to be 79.9% (95% confidence interval: 75.7‐83.4). Of those, 54.5% (49.4‐60.0) had managed hypertension (<140/90 mm Hg), 37.1% (32.3‐42.1) undermanaged hypertension and 8.4% (5.9‐11.9) a new finding of hypertension (unmanaged hypertension). Current employment (relative risk 1.47, 95% confidence interval: 1.06‐2.02) and single marital status (relative risk 1.45, 1.4‐1.84) were associated with under‐ or unmanaged hypertension. Compared with no hypertension, the hypertensive groups were more likely to demonstrate markers of end‐organ damage such as left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired renal function.ConclusionHypertension is a highly prevalent condition among older rural Australians which is suboptimally identified and managed.
Out of hospital management of LVAD patients during COVID‐19 outbreak
Authors: Mariani Silvia , Hanke Jasmin S. , Dogan Günes , Schmitto Jan D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a pandemic touching thousands of people all around the world. Patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are affected by long‐standing cardiovascular diseases and subjected to variations of the normal cardiovascular physiology, thus requiring an even closer monitoring during the COVID‐19 outbreak. Nevertheless, the COVID‐19 pandemic led to a drastic reduction in routine clinical activities and a consequent risk of looser connections between LVAD patients and their referring center. Potential deleterious effects of such a situation can be a delayed recognition of LVAD‐related complications, misdiagnosis of COVID‐19, and impaired social and psychological well‐being for patients and families. As one of the largest LVAD programs worldwide, we designed a sustainable and enforceable telemonitoring algorithm which can be easily adapted to every LVAD center so as to maintain optimal quality of care for LVAD patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Identification of GABAergic neurons innervating the zebrafish lateral habenula
Authors: Ramaswamy Mahathi , Cheng Ruey‐Kuang , Jesuthasan Suresh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHabenula neurons are constantly active. The level of activity affects mood and behaviour, with increased activity in the lateral habenula reflecting exposure to punishment and a switch to passive coping and depression. Here, we identify GABAergic neurons that could reduce activity in the lateral habenula of larval zebrafish. GAD65/67 immunohistochemistry and imaging of gad1b:DsRed transgenic fish suggest the presence of GABAergic terminals in the neuropil and between cell bodies in the lateral habenula. Retrograde tracing with the lipophilic dye DiD suggests that the former derives from the thalamus, while the latter originates from a group of cells in the posterior hypothalamus that are located between the posterior tuberal nucleus and hypothalamic lobes. Two‐photon calcium imaging indicates that blue light causes excitation of thalamic GABAergic neurons and terminals in the neuropil, while a subpopulation of lateral habenula neurons show reduced intracellular calcium levels. Whole‐cell electrophysiological recording indicates that blue light reduces membrane potential of lateral habenula neurons. These observations suggest that GABAergic input from the thalamus may mediate inhibition in the zebrafish lateral habenula. Mechanisms governing release of GABA from the neurons in the posterior hypothalamus, which are likely to be in the tuberomammillary nucleus, remain to be defined.
Operation Crayweed: Ecological and sociocultural aspects of restoring Sydney’s underwater forests
Authors: Vergés Adriana , Campbell Alexandra H. , Wood Georgina , Kajlich Lana , Eger Aaron M. , Cruz Derrick , Langley Madelaine , Bolton Damon , Coleman Melinda A. , Turpin Jennifer , Crawford Michaelie , Coombes Nigel , Camilleri Adam , Steinberg Peter D. , Marzinelli Ezequiel M. 
Published: May 2020

Operation Crayweed focuses on the restoration of underwater forests that disappeared from the coastline of Sydney, Australia’s largest city, 40 years previously. We show how a combination of science, hands‐on restoration, community engagement and art has helped the project to reach its goals as well as raise awareness about the importance of underwater kelp forests that are experiencing global decline.
Damage mechanics based probabilistic high‐cycle fatigue life prediction for Al 2024‐T3 using non‐intrusive polynomial chaos
Authors: Liu Xiaoran , Sun Qin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a low‐cost method for predicting probabilistic high‐cycle fatigue life for Al 2024‐T3 based on continuum damage mechanics and non‐intrusive polynomial chaos (NIPC). To randomize Lemaitre's two scale fatigue damage model, parameters S and s are regarded as random variables. Based on small sample of test life, inverse analysis is performed to obtain samples of the two parameters. Statistic characteristics of the two parameters are calculated analytically through coefficients of NIPC. Fatigue test of aluminum alloy 2024‐T3 standard coupon and plate with hole under different spectrum loading shows that the proposed method is effective.
Lower Glucose Level Associated With Increased Risk for Post‐Dural Puncture Headache
Authors: Hwang Jaechun , Lim Yong‐Hyun , Eun Mi‐Yeon , Jeon Ji‐Ye , Ko Pan‐Woo , Kim Sung‐Hee , Kang Kyunghun , Lee Ho‐Won , Park Jin‐Sung 
Published: May 2020

Objective and BackgroundPost‐dural puncture headache is the most common significant adverse event following lumbar puncture. In this study, we investigated the possible systemic factors associated with risk for post‐dural puncture headache (PDPH).MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study in 969 patients who underwent diagnostic lumbar puncture following a standardized protocol. We compared the clinical and laboratory profiles of the post‐dural puncture headache group and non‐headache group. We also identified independent factors associated with the incidence of post‐dural puncture headache.ResultsA total of 48 patients (5%) reported headache; 12 of these patients (25%) received a therapeutic epidural blood patch and the remaining 36 patients improved with conservative treatment. After adjusting for other variables that could be related to PDPH, we found that the development of post lumbar puncture headache was independently associated with age (OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95‐0.99, P = .001) and serum glucose levels (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97‐0.99, P = .008).When the patients were classified by age, serum glucose levels were persistently lower in patients with PDPH vs those patients without PDPH in all age groups, with more clearly significant differences observed in the elderly (age <30 years, 103.4 mg/dL vs 106.3 mg/dL, P = .716; >60 years, 111.8 mg/dL vs 137.3 mg/dL, P = .023).ConclusionsLow glucose levels were inversely associated with risk for post‐dural puncture headache. Patients with low serum glucose should be carefully monitored for headache after lumbar puncture.
Artificially perforated single‐grain YBCO bulks: Dependence of superconducting properties on the bulk thickness
Authors: Antončík Filip , Lojka Michal , Hlásek Tomáš , Valiente‐Blanco Ignacio , Perez‐Diaz José L. , Jankovský Ondřej 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA high and homogenous trapped field, as well as the levitation force of YBCO parts are the key properties in regard to practical applications of high‐temperature superconductors. Both of these parameters are often the determining factor in the bulk's performance. In this contribution, the impact of bulk thickness on the trapped field and levitation force was studied in detail. A number of significantly thicker samples both with and without artificial holes were prepared. The samples were manufactured using top‐seeded melt growth with a diameter of 28 mm and a thickness of 18 mm. An additional source of “liquid phase” was placed underneath the YBCO bulks during the TSMG process in order to negate the leakage of “liquid phase.” Properties of these samples were compared and to most similar samples with and without artificial holes were chosen to be gradually ground down. SEM was employed in order to confirm the impact of artificial holes on the microstructure. The samples were characterized between each individual grinding step. Using this approach, the dependency of the trapped field and levitation force, as well as the addition of artificial holes, can be properly evaluated. The method described above has allowed us to determine the optimal bulk geometries for various applications depending on the desired properties. Such data are of the utmost importance in the field of applied high‐temperature superconducting bulks.
Long non‐coding RNA DNM3OS/miR‐204‐5p/HIP1 axis modulates oral cancer cell viability and migration
Authors: Fang Xiaodan , Tang Zhangui , Zhang Haixia , Quan Hongzhi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundNon‐coding RNAs play a critical role in the occurrence and development of oral cancer. The present study is aimed to identify long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) that might be novel effective targets for the treatments of oral cancer and the underlying mechanism.MethodsThe microarray profiling and RNA‐sequencing analysis were performed to identify lncRNAs related to oral cancer development, and lncRNA DNM3OS was selected. DNM3OS knockdown was generated in cancer cell lines, and the specific effects of DNM3OS knockdown on cell phenotype were examined. DNM3OS targeted miRNA and miRNA targeted downstream mRNA were selected, the predicted bindings were verified, and the specific effects of miRNA on oral cancer cells were examined. Finally, the dynamic effects of DNM3OS and miRNA on target mRNA expression and oral cancer cell phenotype were examined.ResultsDNM3OS was upregulated in oral cancer tissues and cells. DNM3OS knockdown in CAL27 and SCC‐9 cells inhibited cell viability and migration. DNM3OS targeted miR‐204‐5p to inhibit miR‐204‐5p expression. miR‐204‐5p overexpression suppressed oral cancer cell aggressiveness. miR‐204‐5p targeted HIP1 to inhibit HIP1 expression. HIP1 knockdown inhibited oral cancer cell viability and migration. The effects of DNM3OS knockdown were significantly reversed by miR‐204‐5p inhibition. Within oral carcinoma tissue samples, expression of DNM3OS and HIP1 was increased whereas the miR‐204‐5p expression was downregulated; miR‐204‐5p had a negative correlation with DNM3OS and HIP1, respectively, while DNM3OS and HIP1 were positively correlated with each other.ConclusionLong non‐coding RNA DNM3OS, miR‐204‐5p, and HIP1 form an axis that modulates oral cancer cell viability and migration.
Assessment of Brix refractometry to estimate immunoglobulin G concentration in beef cow colostrum
Authors: Gamsjäger Lisa , Elsohaby Ibrahim , Pearson Jennifer M. , Levy Michel , Pajor Edmond A. , Haines Deborah M. , Windeyer M. Claire 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundBrix refractometry can be used to assess colostral immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration, but studies identifying Brix percentages to detect high‐ and low‐IgG colostrum are lacking for beef cows and interlaboratory agreement is unknown.ObjectivesEvaluate Brix refractometer performance and interlaboratory agreement for assessing beef cow colostrum IgG concentration, including determination of thresholds to identify colostrum containing IgG concentrations <100 g/L and ≥150 g/L.AnimalsBeef cows (n = 416) from 11 cow‐calf operations in Alberta, Canada.MethodsColostral IgG concentrations were measured using radial immunodiffusion (RID) and estimated by Brix refractometry for this retrospective study. Spearman correlation coefficients were assessed between RID and Brix refractometry. Likelihood ratios and misclassification cost‐term analysis were used to determine optimal Brix percentages for detecting colostrum containing IgG concentrations <100 g/L and ≥150 g/L. Concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and Bland‐Altman analyses were performed for Brix percentages obtained at 3 different laboratories.ResultsBrix percentages obtained at 3 laboratories were positively correlated with IgG results (r = 0.72, 0.68, and 0.76, respectively). Colostrum Brix percentages of <24% and ≥30% were optimal for indicating IgG concentrations of <100 g/L and ≥150 g/L, respectively. Interlaboratory agreement was substantial, with CCC ranging from 0.89 to 0.96 and Bland‐Altman analysis showing small mean differences (−1.2% to 0.09% Brix) and narrow limits of agreements (−4.8% to 2.4% Brix) among laboratories.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBrix refractometry shows good potential for reliably estimating IgG concentrations in beef cow colostrum across multiple laboratories and can be recommended to aid colostrum management decisions on farms.
Using simulation to evaluate exam scores in a public health nursing course
Authors: Reaves Régine Placide , McEwing Evan M. , Matsuda Yui , Everett‐Thomas Ruth 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivePublic health nursing courses typically incorporate clinical components but rarely offer simulation education as part of clinical practice. There is limited research examining the impact of simulation for public health nursing courses on final exam scores. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of simulation training on final exam scores in a public health nursing course.DesignPublic health scenarios were created to provide hands‐on experience in two settings. Home and school environments were used with discussion of students’ performance during debriefing.SampleUsing a convenience sample, final exam scores were compared between nursing students (n = 79) who participated in a public health nursing simulation and two similar student groups (n = 97) that did not participate in simulation.ResultsStudents with simulation training scored higher in both public health domains (Community Health; Clinical Prevention and Population Health). A significant difference in total mean final scores (p = .04; p = .02) was noted between groups of students with simulation training and those without.ConclusionThe difference in mean final scores suggests that simulation may be an effective educational modality in preparing students toward their state board or end of semester exams.
Phosphorus availability and grass growth in biochar‐modified acid soil: A study excluding the effects of soil pH
Authors: Fonseca Aymbiré Angeletti , Santos Danilo Andrade , Passos Renato Ribeiro , Andrade Felipe Vaz , Rangel Otacílio José Passos 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe low efficiency of phosphorus fertilization in weathered soils can limit plant development. The application of biochars in these areas has been seen as an important way to increase the efficiency of phosphorus fertilization and to promote better plant growth. However, biochars are alkaline materials that can increase soil pH and thus change the nutrient dynamics, which has been often ignored in studies of this nature. Here, all treatments had their pH standardized at 6.1 to eliminate the influence of pH on biochar application responses. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the real potential of coffee straw and eucalyptus bark biochars, produced under different pyrolysis temperatures, in the optimization of phosphorus fertilization and the development of Brachiaria brizantha. A greenhouse experiment was set up in a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial scheme, conducted for 120 days. The biochars, prepared from coffee straw and eucalyptus bark at 350 and 600°C, were applied at five rates in a Red‐Yellow Oxisol. The application of biochars may reduce the demand for nutrients and correctives, optimize phosphorus fertilization and improve the development of Brachiaria brizantha, but this ability depends on the raw material and the pyrolysis temperature used in its production. All analysed biochars can contribute to higher tillering and dry matter production, but only coffee straw biochars and eucalyptus bark biochar produced at 350°C were efficient in the optimization of phosphorus fertilization until 120 days of cultivation of Brachiaria brizantha.