bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of FcεRI‐bearing leucocytes to omalizumab in chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Alizadeh Aghdam Mehran , Knol Edward F. , van den Elzen Mignon , den Hartog Jager Constance , van Os‐Medendorp Harmieke , Knulst André C. , Otten Henny G. , Röckmann Heike 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and the mechanism of action of omalizumab in CSU remain unclear.ObjectiveIn this study, we assessed the responsiveness and FcεRI expression of various subsets of leucocytes in patients with CSU treated with omalizumab.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 30 patients were treated with 6 administrations of 300 mg omalizumab every 4 weeks, followed by a follow‐up period of 12 weeks. FcεRI expression and the percentage of basophils, monocytes, and dendritic cell subsets were analysed before and during treatment, and after follow‐up. In addition, anti‐IgE– and C5a‐induced basophil degranulation was measured. The results were correlated with disease activity and response to omalizumab.ResultsIn addition to a rapid and significant reduction in FcεRI on basophils, we demonstrated a reduction in FcεRI on plasmacytoid dendritic cells during omalizumab treatment, which persisted until 3 months after discontinuation. FcεRI expression on basophils and its reduction did not correlate with the treatment response. Omalizumab led to an increased percentage of basophils in blood but not of the other FcεRI‐bearing leucocytes. Basophil responsiveness was differentially affected; anti‐IgE–, but not C5a‐induced basophil degranulation increased during the treatment. Apart from clinical non‐responders showing a stronger increase in anti‐IgE–induced basophil degranulation over a period time, no differences were found in omalizumab responders vs non‐responders.Conclusions/Clinical RelevanceFcεRI expression on basophils decreased rapidly, while anti‐IgE–induced degranulation significantly increased due to omalizumab treatment in patients with CSU, persisting at least for 3 months after stopping the treatment. None of the markers were able to predict the effectiveness of treatment. Whether basophils play a role in omalizumab responsiveness in CSU remains unclear.
Influence of abutment disconnection on peri‐implant marginal bone loss: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Praça Luciano de Freitas Guimarães , Teixeira Renata Cordeiro , Rego Rodrigo Otavio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the influence of abutment disconnections and reconnections on peri‐implant marginal bone loss.Material and methodsTwenty‐four participants received single‐unit implants and were randomly assigned into one of the two groups: the definitive abutment group (DEF), in which the definitive abutments were connected at the same time as the implant was inserted; and as a control, the healing abutment group (HEA), in which the healing abutments were disconnected and reconnected three times, at 8, 10, and 12 weeks after surgery. Peri‐implant marginal bone level was measured through radiographic follow‐up performed immediately after the surgery (baseline), at 8 weeks and after 6, 12, and 24 months. Implant stability and peri‐implant health were assessed by resonance frequency analysis and peri‐implant probing, respectively.ResultsAt the end of 2 years, the mean bone level was −0.18 ± 0.12 mm for the DEF group and −0.13 ± 0.13 mm for the HEA group, resulting in a cumulative bone loss of −0.61 ± 0.10 mm and −0.81 ± 0.15 mm, respectively, with no statistical difference between groups. Bone level changes showed statistically significant differences only between 0 and 2 months (DEF: −0.70 ± 0.12 mm; HEA: −0.36 ± 0.10 mm) and between 2 and 6 months (DEF: −0.11 ± 0.11 mm; HEA: −0.65 ± 0.14 mm). No differences were observed between the groups for implant stability, probing depth, and bleeding on probing.ConclusionImmediate connection of the prosthetic abutments did not reduce bone loss in comparison with three disconnections of the healing abutments.
Crosstalk between tubular epithelial cells and glomerular endothelial cells in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Si‐Jie , Lv Lin‐Li , Liu Bi‐Cheng , Tang Ri‐Ning 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent years, although the development of clinical therapy for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has made great progress, the progression of DKD still cannot be controlled. Therefore, further study of the pathogenesis of DKD and improvements in DKD treatment are crucial for prognosis. Traditional studies have shown that podocyte injury plays an important role in this process. Recently, it has been found that glomerulotubular balance and tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) may be involved in the progression of DKD. Glomerulotubular balance is the specific gravity absorption of the glomerular ultrafiltrate by the proximal tubules, which absorbs only 65% to 70% of the ultrafiltrate. This ensures that the urine volume will not change much regardless of whether the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increases or decreases. TGF is one of the significant mechanisms of renal blood flow and self‐regulation of GFR, but how they participate in the development of DKD in the pathological state and the specific mechanism is not clear. Injury to tubular epithelial cells (TECs) is the key link in DKD. Additionally, injury to glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) plays a key role in the early occurrence and development of DKD. However, TECs and GECs are close to each other in anatomical position and can crosstalk with each other, which may affect the development of DKD. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to summarize the current knowledge on the crosstalk between TECs and GECs in the pathogenesis of DKD and to highlight specific clinical and potential therapeutic strategies.
Politics of Social Policy in a Late Industrializing Country: The Case of Turkey
Authors: Buğra Ayşe 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThis article approaches social policy as an integral component of a capitalist society and, by drawing on the notion of the double movement introduced by Karl Polanyi, argues that social policy intervention both limits and contributes to market expansion. While this argument could be generally applied to recent social policy changes in the current context of economic globalization, these changes were shaped against different histories of social policy development in early and late industrializing countries. This article examines the increasing importance of social policy in late industrializing countries by focusing on the case of Turkey. It is argued that social policy transformation in Turkey has involved the expansion of social security coverage along with the privatization and marketization of health and pension systems. A new system of labour market regulation has contributed to the commodification of labour while the ‘state‐supported familialism’, which forms an important aspect of current trends in the area of social care, has served to integrate women in the prevailing flexible employment relations by simultaneously sustaining their position in the gender division of roles within traditional family relations. The populist strategy of polarization pursued by the ruling government is discussed to show how opposition to these trends toward privatization, marketization and labour commodification has been isolated.
Engineering approaches to control and design the in vitro environment towards the reconstruction of organs
Authors: Hagiwara Masaya , Koh Isabel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn vitro experimental models pertaining to human cells are considered essential for most biological experiments, such as drug development and analysis of disease mechanisms, because of their genetic consistency and ease for detailed and long‐term analysis. Recent development of organoid cultures, such as intestine, liver, and kidney cultures, greatly promotes the potential of in vitro experiments. However, conventional culture methods that use manual pipetting have limitations in regenerating complex biosystems. Our body autonomously organizes cells to form a specific tissue shape, and the self‐organization process occurs in an extremely systematic manner. In order to emulate this sophisticated process in vitro; first, methodologies for cell culture and organization of in vitro systems need to be updated; second, understanding the self‐organizing system is a crucial issue. In this review, recent advancements in engineering technologies to control the microenvironment during cell culture are introduced. Both static and dynamic control have been developed for decades in engineering fields, and the means by which such technologies can help to elucidate and design a biosystem is discussed.
An evolutionary lion optimization algorithm‐based image compression technique for biomedical applications
Authors: Geetha Karuppaiah , Anitha Veerasamy , Elhoseny Mohamed , Kathiresan Shankar , Shamsolmoali Pourya , Selim Mahmoud M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecently, medical image compression becomes essential to effectively handle large amounts of medical data for storage and communication purposes. Vector quantization (VQ) is a popular image compression technique, and the commonly used VQ model is Linde–Buzo–Gray (LBG) that constructs a local optimal codebook to compress images. The codebook construction was considered as an optimization problem, and a bioinspired algorithm was employed to solve it. This article proposed a VQ codebook construction approach called the L2‐LBG method utilizing the Lion optimization algorithm (LOA) and Lempel Ziv Markov chain Algorithm (LZMA). Once LOA constructed the codebook, LZMA was applied to compress the index table and further increase the compression performance of the LOA. A set of experimentation has been carried out using the benchmark medical images, and a comparative analysis was conducted with Cuckoo Search‐based LBG (CS‐LBG), Firefly‐based LBG (FF‐LBG) and JPEG2000. The compression efficiency of the presented model was validated in terms of compression ratio (CR), compression factor (CF), bit rate, and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The proposed L2‐LBG method obtained a higher CR of 0.3425375 and PSNR value of 52.62459 compared to CS‐LBG, FA‐LBG, and JPEG2000 methods. The experimental values revealed that the L2‐LBG process yielded effective compression performance with a better‐quality reconstructed image.
Relevance of the disposition effect on the options market: New evidence
Authors: Chiang Mi‐Hsiu , Chiu Hsin‐Yu , Chou Robin K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA moneyness‐based propensity to sell (MPS) measure, at the aggregate level, determines the propensity of option holders to exercise their winning relative to losing positions. Using data on individual stock and S&P 500 Index options, we find that the MPS measure has significant predictive power over the cross section of delta‐hedged option returns. We test the disposition effect in the options market based on a long–short strategy that exploits price distortions induced by the disposition bias. More pronounced evidence of the disposition bias is found for individual at‐the‐money call options than put options where the significance of abnormal returns remains robust across different subsamples even after we control for the portfolio option greeks and market‐based risk factors. The profitability of the long–short strategy is related to limit‐to‐arbitrage proxies suggesting that behavioral explanations help explain the positive relation between the MPS measure and delta‐hedged option returns.
Association between polygenic liability for schizophrenia and substance involvement: A nationwide population‐based study in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Shi‐Heng , Lai Rou‐Yi , Lee Ya‐Chin , Su Mei‐Hsin , Chen Chia‐Yen , Hsiao Po‐Chang , Yang Albert C , Liu Yu‐Li , Tsai Shih‐Jen , Kuo Po‐Hsiu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSchizophrenia and substance involvement frequently co‐occur in individuals, and a bidirectional relationship between the two has been proposed; shared underlying genetic factors could be an alternative explanation. This study investigated the genetic overlap between schizophrenia and substance involvement, including tobacco, alcohol and betel nut use. The study subjects were recruited from the Taiwan Biobank, and genome‐wide genotyping data was available for 18 327 participants without schizophrenia. We calculated the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium‐derived polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia in each participant. The significance of the schizophrenia PRS associated with substance involvement was evaluated using a regression model with adjustments for gender, age and population stratification components. The modified effect of gender or birth decade was also explored. The schizophrenia PRS was positively associated with lifetime tobacco smoking in women (OR in per SD increase in PRS = 1.12 with 95% CI 1.04‐1.20, P = .002), but not in men (OR = 0.99 with 95% CI 0.95‐1.04, P = .74), and the gender‐PRS interaction reached significance (P = .006). The OR between PRS and lifetime tobacco smoking increased with the birth decade (P of birth decade‐PRS interaction = .0002). In women, OR increased from 0.97 (P = .85) for subjects with a birth decade before 1950 to 1.21 (P = .04) for subjects with a birth decade after 1980; in men, the corresponding OR increased from 0.88 (P = .04) to 1.13 (P = .11). There was no association between schizophrenia PRS and alcohol/betel nut use phenotypes. This study provides evidence for the genetic overlap between schizophrenia and tobacco use in women, and this overlap was stronger in the younger population.
Polygenic impact of morningness on the overnight dynamics of sleep spindle amplitude
Authors: Pesonen Anu‐Katriina , Merikanto Ilona , Halonen Risto , Ujma Peter , Makkonen Tommi , Räikkönen Katri , Lahti Jari , Kuula Liisa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSleep spindles are thalamocortical oscillations that contribute to sleep maintenance and sleep‐related brain plasticity. The current study is an explorative study of the circadian dynamics of sleep spindles in relation to a polygenic score (PGS) for circadian preference towards morningness. The participants represent the 17‐year follow‐up of a birth cohort having both genome‐wide data and an ambulatory sleep electroencephalography measurement available (
N = 154, Mean age = 16.9, SD = 0.1 years, 57% girls). Based on a recent genome‐wide association study, we calculated a PGS for circadian preference towards morningness across the whole genome, including 354 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms. Stage 2 slow (9‐12.5 Hz, N = 186 739) and fast (12.5‐16 Hz, N = 135 504) sleep spindles were detected using an automated algorithm with individual time tags and amplitudes for each spindle. There was a significant interaction of PGS for morningness and timing of sleep spindles across the night. These growth curve models showed a curvilinear trajectory of spindle amplitudes: those with a higher PGS for morningness showed higher slow spindle amplitudes in frontal derivations, and a faster dissipation of spindle amplitude in central derivations. Overall, the findings provide new evidence on how individual sleep spindle trajectories are influenced by genetic factors associated with circadian type. The finding may lead to new hypotheses on the associations previously observed between circadian types, psychiatric problems and spindle activity.
Projections of global and UK bioenergy potential from Miscanthus × giganteus—Feedstock yield, carbon cycling and electricity generation in the 21st century
Authors: Shepherd Anita , Littleton Emma , Clifton‐Brown John , Martin Mike , Hastings Astley 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this article, we modify bioenergy model MiscanFor investigating global and UK potentials for Miscanthus × giganteus as a bioenergy resource for carbon capture in the 21st century under the RCP 2.6 climate scenario using SSP2 land use projections. UK bioenergy land projections begin in the 2040s, 60 year average is 0.47 Mega ha rising to 1.9 Mega ha (2090s). Our projections estimate UK energy generation of 0.09 EJ/year (60 year average) and 0.37 EJ/year (2090s), under stable miscanthus yields of 12 t ha−1 year−1. We estimate aggregated UK soil carbon (C) increases of 0.09 Mt C/year (60 year average) and 0.14 Mt C/year (2090s) with C capture plus sequestration rate of 2.8 Mt C/year (60 year average) and 10.49 Mt C/year (2090s). Global bioenergy land use begins in 2010, 90 year average is 0.13 Gha rising to 0.19 Gha by the 2090s, miscanthus projections give a 90 year average energy generation of 16 EJ/year, rising to 26.7 EJ/year by the 2090s. The largest national capabilities for yield, energy and C increase are projected to be Brazil and China. Ninety year average global miscanthus yield of 1 Gt/year will be 1.7 Gt/year by the 2090s. Global soil C sequestration increases less with time, from a century average of 73.6 Mt C/year to 42.9 Mt C/year by the 2090s with C capture plus sequestration rate of 0.54 Gt C/year (60 year average) and 0.81 Gt C/year (2090s). M. giganteus could provide just over 5% of the bioenergy requirement by the 2090s to satisfy the RCP 2.6 SSP2 climate scenario. The choice of global land use data introduces a potential source of error. In reality, multiple bioenergy sources will be used, best suited to local conditions, but results highlight global requirements for development in bioenergy crops, infrastructure and support.
Continuation of emtricitabine/lamivudine within combination antiretroviral therapy following detection of the M184V/I HIV‐1 resistance mutation
Authors: Stirrup OT , Asboe D , Pozniak A , Sabin CA , Gilson R , Mackie NE , Tostevin A , Hill T , Dunn DT ,   the UK HIV Drug Resistance Database and the UK Collaborative HIV Cohort
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate whether lamivudine (3TC) or emtricitabine (FTC) use following detection of M184V/I is associated with better virological outcomes.MethodsWe identified people with viruses harbouring the M184V/I mutation in UK multicentre data sets who had treatment change/initiation within 1 year. We analysed outcomes of viral suppression (< 200 HIV‐1 RNA copies/mL) and appearance of new major drug resistance mutations (DRMs) using Cox and Poisson models, with stratification by new drug regimen (excluding 3TC/FTC) and Bayesian implementation, and estimated the effect of 3TC/FTC adjusted for individual and viral characteristics.ResultsWe included 2597 people with the M184V/I resistance mutation, of whom 665 (25.6%) were on 3TC and 458 (17.6%) on FTC. We found a negative adjusted association between 3TC/FTC use and viral suppression [hazard ratio (HR) 0.84; 95% credibility interval (CrI) 0.71–0.98]. On subgroup analysis of individual drugs, there was no evidence of an association with viral suppression for 3TC (n = 184; HR 0.94; 95% CrI 0.73–1.15) or FTC (n = 454; HR 0.99; 95% CrI 0.80–1.19) amongst those on tenofovir‐containing regimens, but we estimated a reduced rate of viral suppression for people on 3TC amongst those without tenofovir use (n = 481; HR 0.71; 95% CrI 0.54–0.90). We found no association between 3TC/FTC and detection of any new DRM (overall HR 0.92; 95% CrI 0.64–1.18), but found inconclusive evidence of a lower incidence rate of new DRMs (overall incidence rate ratio 0.69; 95% CrI 0.34–1.11).ConclusionsWe did not find evidence that 3TC or FTC use is associated with an increase in viral suppression, but it may reduce the appearance of additional DRMs in people with M184V/I. 3TC was associated with reduced viral suppression amongst people on regimens without tenofovir.
Visible light active heterostructured photocatalyst system based on CuO plate‐like particles and SnO2 nanofibers
Authors: Dursun Sami , Kaya İsmail C. , Kocabaş Mustafa , Akyildiz Hasan , Kalem Volkan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, CuO–SnO2 p‐n type heterostructures were produced and tested for the degradation of methylene blue and 4‐nitrophenol under visible light irradiation. CuO particles were produced in plate‐like morphology using hydrothermal synthesis. SnO2 nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning. Structural, morphological, optical and semiconducting property characterization of heterostructured CuO–SnO2 and individual phases were performed. The photocatalytic activity was found to change depending on the amount of CuO particles in heterostructured samples. Among others, the sample with 0.35 wt.% CuO–SnO2 showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency with a degradation rate constant ~2 h−1. Active specie scavenger tests revealed that the decomposition reaction occurs through direct oxidation mechanism by the holes in the valence band of SnO2 in pure samples whereas in CuO–SnO2 samples and radicals also form and involve in the reactions. Further, the photocatalytic degradation mechanism was revealed using relative band potentials and p‐n junctions of the heterostructured photocatalyst.
A review of acellular immersion tests on bioactive glasses––influence of medium on ion release and apatite formation
Authors: Nommeots‐Nomm Amy , Hupa Leena , Rohanová Dana , Brauer Delia S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhen evaluating new bioactive glass compositions for their suitability as a biomaterial, one of the first steps is the study of their behavior in contact with aqueous solutions. Ion release, pH changes, and apatite precipitation are investigated during immersion experiments, and a wide variety of solutions is used, including simulated body fluid, Tris buffer solution, various cell culture medium formulations or deionized water. This paper reviews the different parameters used for immersion experiments on bioactive glasses. Results show that, depending on solution composition, pH, and buffering capacity, the experimental outcome is likely to vary. In addition, bioactive glass particle size and solution volume/glass surface area ratio affect the resulting ion concentration in solution, and, thus, the rate at which apatite is formed. It is, therefore, important to consider these effects when planning experiments, interpreting results or comparing the results of experiments performed in different laboratories.
Selection of a versatile Lactobacillus plantarum for wine production and identification and preliminary characterisation of a novel histamine‐degrading enzyme
Authors: Sun Shuyang , Jiang Dongqi , Fan Minting , Li Huamin , Jin Chengwu , Liu Wenli 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn this study, a desirable and versatile Lactobacillus plantarum strain possessing great ability of L‐malic acid consumption, biogenic amine degradation and resistance to wine harsh environment was obtained through successive screenings. Malolactic fermentation (MLF) in contaminated grape wine and cherry wine (supplemented with histamine, tyramine and cadaverine) conducted by this strain was finished within 24 and 18 days, respectively, and the concentration of histamine, tyramine and cadaverine was decreased by over 57% following MLF. The enzyme from L. plantarum responsible for the amine degradation was purified to homogeneity by four steps including cell disruption, ammonium sulphate fractionation, an anion chromatography and a gel filtration chromatography. Such enzyme was identified as glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) after N‐terminal sequence analysis and protein Blast, a tetramer enzyme with a subunit molecular weight of 36 kDa. The optimum values of pH and temperature of this enzyme were at pH 7.5 and 40 °C, and stable between pH 5.5–8.5 and 30–50 °C.