bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress as a potential target in acute kidney injury
Authors: Tomsa Anamaria Magdalena , Alexa Alexandru Leonard , Junie Monica Lia , Rachisan Andreea Liana , Ciumarnean Lorena 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a major problem for health systems being directly related to short and long-term morbidity and mortality. In the last years, the incidence of AKI has been increasing. AKI and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are closely interconnected, with a growing rate of CKD linked to repeated and severe episodes of AKI. AKI and CKD can occur also secondary to imbalanced oxidative stress (OS) reactions, inflammation, and apoptosis. The kidney is particularly sensitive to OS. OS is known as a crucial pathogenetic factor in cellular damage, with a direct role in initiation, development, and progression of AKI. The aim of this review is to focus on the pathogenetic role of OS in AKI in order to gain a better understanding. We exposed the potential relationships between OS and the perturbation of renal function and we also presented the redox-dependent factors that can contribute to early kidney injury. In the last decades, promising advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of AKI and its consequences, but more studies are needed in order to develop new therapies that can address OS and oxidative damage in early stages of AKI.MethodsWe searched PubMed for relevant articles published up to May 2019. In this review we incorporated data from different types of studies, including observational and experimental, both in vivo and in vitro, studies that provided information about OS in the pathophysiology of AKI.ResultsThe results show that OS plays a major key role in the initiation and development of AKI, providing the chance to find new targets that can be therapeutically addressed.DiscussionAcute kidney injury represents a major health issue that is still not fully understood. Research in this area still provides new useful data that can help obtain a better management of the patient. OS represents a major focus point in many studies, and a better understanding of its implications in AKI might offer the chance to fight new therapeutic strategies.
Freight Safety in Freight Forwarding Business in Nigeria: The Challenges and Preventive Measure
Authors: Anthony Adepoju Adebiyi , Benson Irinyemi Ademola 
Published: November 2019

Over the years, water transportation has been a major way of carrying over 90 percent of the physical carriage of Nigeria’s external trade . “The reason behind this overwhelming dominance of water transportation, compared with others can be seen in over congestion of most of our sea ports in Nigeria, even in other countries of the world, can be seen in the over congestion of most of our sea ports in Nigeria.”
However, the issue of safety and security in the maritime industry is a serious and complex one. The economic losses arising from security lapse in most of our ports in Nigeria have become unacceptable in today’s commercial climate. The most noticeable distruptions in our present day commercial climate are in the form of kidnapping, terrorism, theft of valuable cargoes, politically motivated crimes. In maritime business world, the undisputed facts are that, loss prevention mechanism which include security, safety, fire and risk management are top priority concerns. This paper has however attempted to analyze the contributing factors to insecurity in most of our seaports in Nigeria. And how insecurity in Nigeria sea can be curtailed or eradicated with the enabling laws governing the usage, management and control of the Nigeria sea ports.
A Study on Molecular Detection of Mutations Associated with Second Line Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance
Authors: Goyal Akansha , Gadhavi Hiral , Aring Binita , Mullan Summaiya 
Published: November 2019

Background: Efficient tuberculosis (TB) control is based on an early diagnosis followed by the rapid identification of drug resistance, in order to treat patients adequately, break the chain of transmission, and avoid the spread of resistant strains. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis have emerged worldwide and seriously threaten TB control and prevention programs. At the same time, the emergence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB) has also become an important global health problem.
Objectives: To detect common gene mutation pattern associated with drug resistance against second line anti-tuberculosis drugs in TB patients by SL-LPA as a rapid and early diagnostic test.
Materials and Methods:total 652 sputum samples were received from 30 districts at culture district laboratory, Jamnagar from October 2018 to December 2018, and were included in the study. Second line Second line- line probe assay (SL-LPA) was used to detect mutations associated with resistance for anti-tuberculosis drugs.
Results: Out of the 652 samples analyzed for mutations associated with second line anti-tuberculosisdrug resistance, 43% of the samples exhibited various forms of mutations. Out of these samples, mutations associated with gyrA gene were detected in 36.6% samples, gyrB gene mutation in 0.7% samples, rrs gene mutation in 4.4% samples and eis gene mutation in 1.2% samples.
Conclusion: The present study provide information on the mutation pattern of drug resistant strains present in the geographical area and help to provide the basis for effective strategies for control of drug resistant TB in this region. It also re-emphasizes the importance of second line LPA which can diagnose TB and drug resistance in a single day and allows earlier administration of appropriate treatment as compared to culture result which take 1-2 months.
Reflexive theory
Authors: Tudor Keith , Cockburn Garry , Daniels Joan , Goulding Josie , Hubbard Peter , Larsen Sheila , Levien Brenda , Milton Chris , Morgaine Jules , Palmer Helen , Solomon Margot , Stuthridge Jo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Western – and Northern – psychology and psychotherapy stand accused of an over emphasis on the individual, ego, and self (“the Self”), autonomy, and self-development. These criticisms have been made from other intellectual, cultural, social, spiritual and wisdom traditions, but may also be found in critical and radical traditions within Western thought. In this article, exponents of ten different theoretical orientations within or modalities of psychotherapy reflect on one or two key aspects of their respective theories which, together, offer a holistic conception of the person; account for family/social/cultural context; provide an understanding of the human trend to homonomy (or belonging) alongside autonomy; articulate a relational understanding of human development, attachment to and engagement with others; and emphasise spirit, group, and community. As such, these psychotherapies – and critiques of Western psychotherapy – offer a wider vision of the scope and practice of psychotherapy and its relevance in and to Aotearoa New Zealand.
Whakarāpopoto
E tū ana te whakapae, e kaha rawa ana te whakapau wā ki te takitahi a te whakaora hinengaro o te Uru me te Raki i te takitahi, te whakaī, me te whaiaro (“te Whaiaro”), tino rangatiratanga, me te whanaketanga whaiaro. I ara ake ana ēnei kūrakuraku i ētahi atu tikanga hinengaro, ahurea, hapori, wairua, me te mātauranga, engari ka kitea anō hoki i roto i ngā tikanga arohaeheanga rerekē hoki o te whakaarohanga Taiuru. Kei tēnei kōrero, ko ngā tauira o ngā ariā tekau āhua mau ki roto, ki te āhua rānei o te kaiwhakaora hinengaro e whakaata ana i tētahi, ētahi tirohanga rānei o ā rātou ake aria, ā, ngātahi e tuku ariā tapeke ana o te tangata; whakaaturanga horopaki whānau/hāpori; whakarato moohiotanga o te ia o te tangata ki te whakaōrite (whai tūrangawaewae rānei) i te taha o te tino rangatiratanga. Ki te whakapapa mātauranga whakapā ki te ira tangata, tōna whakapiri ki me te whakapiri ki ētahi atu hoki, ā, ka whakatāpua wairua, rōpū, hāpori hoki. Koia rā, ko ēnei kaiwhakaora hinengaro – paearu kaiwhakaora hinengaro o te Uru – e tuku tirohanga whānui ana o te matapae me te mahi a te kaiwhakaora hinengaro me ana whakapaanga katoa i Aotearoa nei.
Stress‐responsive Entamoeba topoisomerase II: a potential antiamoebic target
Authors: Varghese Sneha Susan , Ghosh Sudip Kumar 
Published: November 2019

Topoisomerases, the ubiquitous enzymes involved in all DNA processes across the biological world, are targets for various anticancer and antimicrobial agents. In Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amebiasis, we found one of seven unexplored putative topoisomerases to be highly upregulated during heat shock and oxidative stress, and also during the late hours of encystation. Further analysis revealed the upregulated enzyme to be a eukaryotic type IIA topoisomerase (TopoII) with demonstrable activity in vitro. This enzyme is localized to newly forming nuclei during encystation. Gene silencing of the TopoII reduces viability and encystation efficiency. Notable susceptibility of Entamoeba TopoII to prokaryotic topoisomerase inhibitors opens up the possibility for exploring this enzyme as a new antiamoebic target.
Growth hormone receptor promotes osteosarcoma cell growth and metastases
Authors: Cheng Mo , Huang Wending , Cai Weiluo , Fang Meng , Chen Yong , Wang Chunmeng , Yan Wangjun 
Published: November 2019

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents, with a high incidence of lung metastasis and poor prognosis. Here, we report that growth hormone receptor (GHR) is overexpressed in OS samples compared with osteofibrous dysplasia. We subsequently demonstrated that GHR knockdown inhibited colony formation, promoted cell apoptosis and decreased the number of cells at G2/M phase in 143B and U2OS cells. Furthermore, knockdown of GHR inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Together, these findings indicate that GHR modulates cell proliferation and metastasis through the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/AKT signaling pathway and may be suitable for use as a putative biomarker of OS.
Flexible Thermoelectric Devices of Ultrahigh Power Factor by Scalable Printing and Interface Engineering
Authors: Varghese Tony , Dun Chaochao , Kempf Nicholas , Saeidi‐Javash Mortaza , Karthik Chinnathambi , Richardson Joseph , Hollar Courtney , Estrada David , Zhang Yanliang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrinting is a versatile method to transform semiconducting nanoparticle inks into functional and flexible devices. In particular, thermoelectric nanoparticles are attractive building blocks to fabricate flexible devices for energy harvesting and cooling applications. However, the performance of printed devices are plagued by poor interfacial connections between nanoparticles and resulting low carrier mobility. While many rigid bulk materials have shown a thermoelectric figure of merit ZT greater than unity, it is an exacting challenge to develop flexible materials with ZT near unity. Here, a scalable screen‐printing method to fabricate high‐performance and flexible thermoelectric devices is reported. A tellurium‐based nanosolder approach is employed to bridge the interfaces between the BiSbTe particles during the postprinting sintering process. The printed BiSbTe flexible films demonstrate an ultrahigh room‐temperature power factor of 3 mW m−1 K−2 and ZT about 1, significantly higher than the best reported values for flexible films. A fully printed thermoelectric generator produces a high power density of 18.8 mW cm−2 achievable with a small temperature gradient of 80 °C. This screen‐printing method, which directly transforms thermoelectric nanoparticles into high‐performance and flexible devices, presents a significant leap to make thermoelectrics a commercially viable technology for a broad range of energy harvesting and cooling applications.
A Universal Seeding Strategy to Synthesize Single Atom Catalysts on 2D Materials for Electrocatalytic Applications
Authors: Zhao Shiyong , Chen Guangxu , Zhou Guangmin , Yin Li‐Chang , Veder Jean‐Pierre , Johannessen Bernt , Saunders Martin , Yang Shi‐Ze , De Marco Roland , Liu Chang , Jiang San Ping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) are attracting significant attention due to their exceptional catalytic performance and stability. However, the controllable, scalable, and efficient synthesis of SACs remains a significant challenge. Herein, a new and versatile seeding approach is reported to synthesize SACs supported on different 2D materials such as graphene, boron nitride (BN), and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). This method is demonstrated on the synthesis of Ni, Co, Fe, Cu, Ag, Pd single atoms as well as binary atoms of Ni and Cu codoped on 2D support materials with the mass loading of single atoms in the range of 2.8–7.9 wt%. In particular, the applicability of the new seeding strategy in electrocatalysis is demonstrate on nickel SACs supported on graphene oxide (SANi‐GO), exhibiting excellent catalytic performance for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction with a turnover frequency of 325.9 h−1 at a low overpotential of 0.63 V and high selectivity of 96.5% for CO production. The facile, controllable, and scalable nature of this approach in the synthesis of SACs is expected to open new research avenues for the practical applications of SACs.
The Era of Digital Health: A Review of Portable and Wearable Affinity Biosensors
Authors: Tu Jiaobing , Torrente‐Rodríguez Rebeca M. , Wang Minqiang , Gao Wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDigital health facilitated by wearable/portable electronics and big data analytics holds great potential in empowering patients with real‐time diagnostics tools and information. The detection of a majority of biomarkers at trace levels in body fluids using mobile health (mHealth) devices requires bioaffinity sensors that rely on “bioreceptors” for specific recognition. Portable point‐of‐care testing (POCT) bioaffinity sensors have demonstrated their broad utility for diverse applications ranging from health monitoring to disease diagnosis and management. In addition, flexible and stretchable electronics‐enabled wearable platforms have emerged in the past decade as an interesting approach in the ambulatory collection of real‐time data. Herein, the technological advancements of mHealth bioaffinity sensors evolved from laboratory assays to portable POCT devices, and to wearable electronics, are synthesized. The involved recognition events in the mHealth affinity biosensors enabled by bioreceptors (e.g., antibodies, DNAs, aptamers, and molecularly imprinted polymers) are discussed along with their transduction mechanisms (e.g., electrochemical and optical) and system‐level integration technologies. Finally, an outlook of the field is provided and key technological bottlenecks to overcome identified, in order to achieve a new sensing paradigm in wearable bioaffinity platforms.
Fast and Ultraclean Approach for Measuring the Transport Properties of Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Wei Nan , Laiho Patrik , Khan Abu Taher , Hussain Aqeel , Lyuleeva Alina , Ahmed Saeed , Zhang Qiang , Liao Yongping , Tian Ying , Ding Er‐Xiong , Ohno Yutaka , Kauppinen Esko I. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this work, a fast approach for the fabrication of hundreds of ultraclean field‐effect transistors (FETs) is introduced, using single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The synthesis of the nanomaterial is performed by floating‐catalyst chemical vapor deposition, which is employed to fabricate high‐performance thin‐film transistors. Combined with palladium metal bottom contacts, the transport properties of individual SWCNTs are directly unveiled. The resulting SWCNT‐based FETs exhibit a mean field‐effect mobility, which is 3.3 times higher than that of high‐quality solution‐processed CNTs. This demonstrates that the hereby used SWCNTs are superior to comparable materials in terms of their transport properties. In particular, the on–off current ratios reach over 30 million. Thus, this method enables a fast, detailed, and reliable characterization of intrinsic properties of nanomaterials. The obtained ultraclean SWCNT‐based FETs shed light on further study of contamination‐free SWCNTs on various metal contacts and substrates.
Antifreezing Hydrogel with High Zinc Reversibility for Flexible and Durable Aqueous Batteries by Cooperative Hydrated Cations
Authors: Zhu Minshen , Wang Xiaojie , Tang Hongmei , Wang Jiawei , Hao Qi , Liu Lixiang , Li Yang , Zhang Kai , Schmidt Oliver G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHydrogels are widely used in flexible aqueous batteries due to their liquid‐like ion transportation abilities and solid‐like mechanical properties. Their potential applications in flexible and wearable electronics introduce a fundamental challenge: how to lower the freezing point of hydrogels to preserve these merits without sacrificing hydrogels' basic advantages in low cost and high safety. Moreover, zinc as an ideal anode in aqueous batteries suffers from low reversibility because of the formation of insulative byproducts, which is mainly caused by hydrogen evolution via extensive hydration of zinc ions. This, in principle, requires the suppression of hydration, which induces an undesirable increase in the freezing point of hydrogels. Here, it is demonstrated that cooperatively hydrated cations, zinc and lithium ions in hydrogels, are very effective in addressing the above challenges. This simple but unique hydrogel not only enables a 98% capacity retention upon cooling down to −20 °C from room temperature but also allows a near 100% capacity retention with >99.5% Coulombic efficiency over 500 cycles at −20 °C. In addition, the strengthened mechanical properties of the hydrogel under subzero temperatures result in excellent durability under various harsh deformations after the freezing process.
A Noble Metal Dichalcogenide for High‐Performance Field‐Effect Transistors and Broadband Photodetectors
Authors: Wang Zhen , Wang Peng , Wang Fang , Ye Jiafu , He Ting , Wu Feng , Peng Meng , Wu Peisong , Chen Yunfeng , Zhong Fang , Xie Runzhang , Cui Zhuangzhuang , Shen Liang , Zhang Qinghua , Gu Lin , Luo Man , Wang Yang , Chen Huawei , Zhou Peng , Pan Anlian , Zhou Xiaohao , Zhang Lili , Hu Weida 
Published: November 2019

Abstract2D layered materials are an emerging class of low‐dimensional materials with unique physical and structural properties and extensive applications from novel nanoelectronics to multifunctional optoelectronics. However, the widely investigated 2D materials are strongly limited in high‐performance electronics and ultrabroadband photodetectors by their intrinsic weaknesses. Exploring the new and narrow bandgap 2D materials is very imminent and fundamental. A narrow‐bandgap noble metal dichalcogenide (PtS2) is demonstrated in this study. The few‐layer PtS2 field‐effect transistor exhibits excellent electronic mobility exceeding 62.5 cm2 V−1 s−1 and ultrahigh on/off ratio over 106 at room temperature. The temperature‐dependent conductance and mobility of few‐layer PtS2 transistors show a direct metal‐to‐insulator transition and carrier scattering mechanisms, respectively. Remarkably, 2D PtS2 photodetectors with broadband photodetection from visible to mid‐infrared and a fast photoresponse time of 175 µs at 830 nm illumination for the first time are obtained at room temperature. Our work opens an avenue for 2D noble‐metal dichalcogenides to be applied in high‐performance electronic and mid‐infrared optoelectronic devices.
Environment‐Adaptable Artificial Visual Perception Behaviors Using a Light‐Adjustable Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Device Array
Authors: Kwon Sung Min , Cho Sung Woon , Kim Minho , Heo Jae Sang , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Park Sung Kyu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEmulating the biological visual perception system typically requires a complex architecture including the integration of an artificial retina and optic nerves with various synaptic behaviors. However, self‐adaptive synaptic behaviors, which are frequently translated into visual nerves to adjust environmental light intensities, have been one of the serious challenges for the artificial visual perception system. Here, an artificial optoelectronic neuromorphic device array to emulate the light‐adaptable synaptic functions (photopic and scotopic adaptation) of the biological visual perception system is presented. By employing an artificial visual perception circuit including a metal chalcogenide photoreceptor transistor and a metal oxide synaptic transistor, the optoelectronic neuromorphic device successfully demonstrates diverse visual synaptic functions such as phototriggered short‐term plasticity, long‐term potentiation, and neural facilitation. More importantly, the environment‐adaptable perception behaviors at various levels of the light illumination are well reproduced by adjusting load transistor in the circuit, exhibiting the acts of variable dynamic ranges of biological system. This development paves a new way to fabricate an environmental‐adaptable artificial visual perception system with profound implications for the field of future neuromorphic electronics.
A Fully Integrated Flexible Heterogeneous Temperature and Humidity Sensor‐Based Occupancy Detection Device for Smart Office Applications
Authors: Naqi Muhammad , Lee Sungho , Kwon Hyuk‐Jun , Lee Min Goo , Kim Minjung , Kim Tae Whan , Shin Hyun Kyu , Kang Sunju , Gandla Srinivas , Lee Han‐Seung , Ahn Yonghan , Lee Sanghyo , Kim Sunkook 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHeating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems in building operations have extensively gained significant interest in recent years for providing a comfortable environment and energy savings by utilizing the occupancy information of buildings. Herein, a flexible heterogeneous temperature and humidity sensor‐based occupancy detection device with an integrated wireless communication system is introduced. The multichannel (three‐channel) Pt‐based temperature and single‐channel humidity sensors afford excellent electrical conductivity, exceptional linearity, and high mechanical flexibility. The presented occupancy detection device design contains a multichannel temperature sensor, an interdigitated humidity sensor, a customized signal processing integrated circuit, a flexible battery, and a wireless communication system, which can be used to perform occupancy trials in offices. The proposed occupancy detection device is mounted on an office chair to analyze the environmental changes according to the user's activities and to address the challenge of long‐term continuous monitoring of temperature and humidity for managing the energy consumption in the building operations. The presented occupancy detection device provides a new platform for introducing a flexible device system to collect the actual occupancy information and is a new step toward “smart office” applications.