bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of lactate as a peritoneal dialysis fluid buffer on rat peritoneal mesothelial cells
Authors: Higuchi Chieko , Kuriyama Junko , Sakura Hiroshi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeutral, low-glucose degradation product (GDP) peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) is less damaging to the peritoneum than conventional PDF but is still insufficient for biocompatibility. One remaining issue is the problem of buffering.MethodsUsing cultured rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs), the present study examined the difference between the effects of neutral low-GDP lactate PDF and neutral low-GDP bicarbonate/lactate PDF on cells. The effects of lactate stimulation on these cells were also examined.ResultsLactate PDF enhanced mRNA expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and type 1 and type 3 collagens and lowered expression of e-cadherin mRNA in PMCs compared to bicarbonate/lactate PDF. Lactate stimulation increased mRNA expressions of αSMA, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and suppressed e-cadherin mRNA expression. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and TGF-β2 and collagen type 1 and 3 mRNA expressions were also enhanced by lactate stimulation.ConclusionsThese results suggest that lactate as a PDF buffer may act on PMCs to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and production of TGF-β, bFGF, and collagen.
Ketamine treatment for individuals with treatment-resistant depression: longitudinal qualitative interview study of patient experiences
Authors: Lascelles Karen , Marzano Lisa , Brand Fiona , Trueman Hayley , McShane Rupert , Hawton Keith 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundKetamine has recently received considerable attention regarding its antidepressant and anti-suicidal effects. Trials have generally focused on short-term effects of single intravenous infusions. Research on patient experiences is lacking.AimsTo investigate the experiences over time of individuals receiving ketamine treatment in a routine clinic, including impacts on mood and suicidality.MethodTwelve fee-paying patients with treatment-resistant depression (6 females, 6 males, age 21–70 years; 11 reporting suicidality and 6 reporting self-harm) who were assessed as eligible for ketamine treatment participated in up to three semi-structured interviews: before treatment started, a few weeks into treatment and ≥2 months later. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsMost participants hoped that ketamine would provide respite from their depression. Nearly all experienced improvement in mood following initial treatments, ranging from negligible to dramatic, and eight reported a reduction in suicidality. Improvements were transitory for most participants, although two experienced sustained consistent benefit and two had sustained but limited improvement. Some participants described hopelessness when treatment stopped working, paralleled by increased suicidal ideation for three participants. The transient nature and cost of treatment were problematic. Eleven participants experienced side-effects, which were significant for two participants. Suggestions for improving treatment included closer monitoring and adjunctive psychological therapy.ConclusionsKetamine treatment was generally experienced as effective in improving mood and reducing suicidal ideation in the short term, but the lack of longer-term benefit was challenging for participants, as was treatment cost. Informed consent procedures should refer to the possibilities of relapse and associated increased hopelessness and suicidality.
The lateral edge and sourcil acetabular indices for surgical decision-making in developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Kothari Alpesh , Noor Saqib , Maddock Connor L. , Vanderstappen Jan H. H. , Bradley Catharine S. , Kelley Simon P. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose The acetabular index (AI) is a radiographic measure that guides surgical decision-making in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Two AI measurement methods are described; to the lateral edge of the acetabulum (AI-L) and to the lateral edge of the sourcil (AI-S). The purpose of this study was to determine the level of agreement between AI-L and AI-S on the diagnosis and degree of acetabular dysplasia in DDH. Methods A total of 35 patients treated for DDH with Pavlik harness were identified. The AI-L and AI-S were measured on radiographs (70 hips) at two and five years of age. AI-L and AI-S were then transformed relative to published normative data (tAI-L and tAI-S). Bland-Altman plots, linear regression and heat mapping were used to evaluate the agreement between tAI-L and tAI-S. Results There was poor agreement between tAI-S and tAI-L on the Bland-Altman plots with wide limits of agreement and no proportional bias. The two AI measurements were in agreement as to the presence and severity of dysplasia in only 63% of hips at two years of age and 81% at five years of age, leaving the remaining hips classified as various combinations of normal, mildly and severely dysplastic. Conclusion AI-L and AI-S have poor agreement on the presence or degree of acetabular dysplasia in DDH and cannot be used interchangeably. Clinicians are cautioned to prudently evaluate both measures of AI in surgical decision-making. Level of evidence I
Alignment of virus-host protein-protein interaction networks by integer linear programming: SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Llabrés Mercè , Valiente Gabriel 
Published: December 2020

Motivation
Beside socio-economic issues, coronavirus pandemic COVID-19, the infectious disease caused by the newly discovered coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has caused a deep impact in the scientific community, that has considerably increased its effort to discover the infection strategies of the new virus. Among the extensive and crucial research that has been carried out in the last months, the analysis of the virus-host relationship plays an important role in drug discovery. Virus-host protein-protein interactions are the active agents in virus replication, and the analysis of virus-host protein-protein interaction networks is fundamental to the study of the virus-host relationship.

Results
We have adapted and implemented a recent integer linear programming model for protein-protein interaction network alignment to virus-host networks, and obtained a consensus alignment of the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 virus-host protein-protein interaction networks. Despite the lack of shared human proteins in these virus-host networks, and the low number of preserved virus-host interactions, the consensus alignment revealed aligned human proteins that share a function related to viral infection, as well as human proteins of high functional similarity that interact with SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 proteins, whose alignment would preserve these virus-host interactions.
Electronic based reported anthropometry—A useful tool for interim monitoring of obesity prevalence in developing states
Authors: Gaskin Pamela S. , Chami Peter , Nancoo Tamara , Warner Patricia , Barrett Patrick , Mayers Yvette 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundWide participation in electronic surveys and reliable reporting of anthropometry can serve to reduce costs associated with monitoring of obesity among adolescents where resources are limited. We conducted a single school pilot study among Caribbean adolescents to assess use of electronic surveys and whether face to face encouragement could promote enrollment. In addition, we assessed students’ ability to reliably report simple anthropometry.MethodsStudents were provided with access to an electronic survey on anthropometry and food preferences regarding school-based food offerings. Responses to survey questions were presented as percentages. A sample of students also had their heights and weights measured after reporting these measures from memory. Intra-class correlation coefficients were used to assess reliability among measurers and Bland-Altman plots, consistency between student reported and recorded anthropometric measures and Support Vector Machine to assess robustness of anthropometry prediction models.ResultsResponse rate to the electronic survey was low (9%). Students were able to interpret questions; open-ended options were inappropriately used 13% of the time. Post survey qualitative responses indicated displeasure with use of school-associated e-mail addresses. Concerns with confidentiality were expressed as well as preference for completion of surveys during school time. Students reliably reported anthropometry most measures fell within the 95% CI of Bland-Altman plots. SVM classified with a prediction accuracy of 95%. Estimates of overweight from recorded and reported measures were similar.ConclusionsAdolescents are able to report simple anthropometry, and this can be used to help with monitoring of growth and overweight. Although they are capable of competently completing electronic surveys, school-based email is an ineffective contact tool. In-person school-based contact and administration of surveys are preferred. Adolescents can reliably report simple anthropometry that can be utilized for estimation of overweight/obesity prevalence. This method can be widely applied.
Molecular characterization and drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Diriba Getu , Kebede Abebaw , Tola Habteyes Hailu , Yenew Bazezew , Moga Shewki , Addise Desalegn , Alemu Ayinalem , Mohammed Zemedu , Getahun Muluwork , Fantahun Mengistu , Tadesse Mengistu , Dagne Biniyam , Amare Misikir , Assefa Gebeyehu , Abera Dessie , Desta Kassu 
Published: December 2020

Background
Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is important to understand the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis (TB). However, there is limited information on molecular characteristics and drug-resistant patterns of MTB in patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the molecular characteristics and drug resistance patterns of MTB in patients with EPTB in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
This study was conducted on frozen stored isolates of EPTB survey conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A drug susceptibility test was performed using BACTEC-MGIT 960. Species and strain identification were performed using the Geno-Type MTBC and spoligotyping technique, respectively. Data were entered into the MIRU-VNTRplus database to assess the spoligotype patterns of MTB. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, and participants’ characteristics were presented by numbers and proportions.

Results
Of 151 MTB isolates, 29 (19.2%) were resistant to at least one drug. The highest proportion of isolates was resistant to Isoniazid (14.6%) and Pyrazinamide (14.6%). Nine percent of isolates had multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), and 21.4% of them had pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB). Among the 151 MTB isolates characterized by spoligotyping, 142 (94.6%) had known patterns, while 9 (6.0%) isolates were not matched with the MIRU-VNTRplus spoligotype database. Of the isolates which had known patterns, 2% was M.bovis while 98% M. tuberculosis. Forty-one different spoligotype patterns were identified. The most frequently identified SpolDB4 (SIT) wereSIT149 (21.2%), SIT53 (14.6%) and SIT26 (9.6%). The predominant genotypes identified were T (53.6%), Central Asia Strain (19.2%) and Haarlem (9.9%).

Conclusion
The present study showed a high proportion of MDR-TB and pre-XDR-TB among EPTB patients. The strains were mostly grouped into SIT149, SIT53, and SIT26. The T family lineage was the most prevalent genotype. MDR-TB and pre-XDR-TB prevention is required to combat these strains in EPTB. A large scale study is required to describe the molecular characteristics and drug resistance patterns of MTB isolates in EPTB patients.
Alcoholic Hepatitis and COVID-19: The Question of Steroids
Authors: Zelman Sara , Holzwanger Erik , Malik Raza , Dickstein Aaron 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2/novel coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a global pandemic since the first cases from Wuhan, China, were reported in December 2019. The pandemic has made it more challenging to treat various gastrointestinal disorders, including acute alcoholic hepatitis (AH). One of the mainstays of treatment for severe AH involves corticosteroids (mainly prednisolone). A concern when treating with prednisolone is the worsening of underlying infection. There may be an additional risk in treating COVID-19–infected patients. We present a case of a patient with severe acute AH and concomitant COVID-19 infection who did well with corticosteroid therapy without evidence for worsening infection.
Corpos e cartografias da ingovernabilidade na arte e na educação
Authors: Do Valle Lílian 
Published: December 2020

Resumo: O corpo está por toda parte: ele é aquele que «está irreparavelmente aqui» onde estou, eu que não «posso me deslocar sem ele», já disse o filósofo. Talvez por isso mesmo seja tão antigo e tão insistente o movimento que, multiplicando as metáforas para dizer sua presença, visa de fato a maior parte do tempo seu ocultamento. Assim, se é possível falar aqui de uma cartografia, ela sem dúvida designará o intenso movimento filosófico de ocultamento do corpo, que paradoxalmente dá a ver o que tanto se buscou evitar: é que o corpo sempre resiste, insistindo em se fazer disponível aos «mundos múltiplos e divergentes» que a cada vez a arte aproxima.
Palavras-chave: Corpo. Movimento. Formação humana.
Cartography of the body and unmanageability
Abstract: The body is everywhere: he is «is irreparably here» where I am, for «I cannot move without him», as the philosopher said. Perhaps it is why this ancient and persistent movement that multiplies the metaphors to tell its presence seeks in fact its concealment most of the time. Thus, if it is possible to speak about a cartography, it will undoubtedly designate the intense philosophical movement of body concealment, which paradoxically hints at what it has sought so much to avoid: is that the body always resists, insisting on making itself available to « multiple and divergent worlds» which art approaches each time.
Keywords: Body. Mouvement. Human Formation.
Cartographies du corps et de l’ingovernabilité
Résumé: Le corps est partout: « il est ici irréparablement» où je suis, car «je ne peux pas me déplacer sans lui», comme le philosophe l’a dit. Et c’est peut-être là la raison par laquelle, à force de multiplier les métaphores pour signaler as présence, ce que lui vise, finalement, la plupart du temps est bien son effacement. Ainsi, s’il nous est permis de parler de cartographie, elle devra sans doute désigner cet intense mouvement philosophique d’oubli du corps, qui finalement révèle ce qui l’on a tellement voulu éviter : car le corps résiste, à chaque fois, et qu’il insiste de se faire disponible aux «mondes multiples et divergents» que, à chaque fois, l’art rend présent.
Mots-clés: Corps. Mouvement. Formation humaine.
Educação Filosófica e Magia: A experimentação de outros processos de subjetivação
Authors: Perencini Tiago Brentam 
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Defendo que a relação entre filosofia e magia possibilita processos de subjetivação para experimentarmos outro tipo de educação filosófica, que possa resistir à biopolítica e ao neoliberalismo na contemporaneidade. Faço uma caracterização de ambos como um tipo de poder enfeitiçador que se enraizou em nossa subjetividade. Partindo de uma leitura anarqueológica sobre o pensamento de Michel Foucault, procuro conceituar os processos de subjetivação, evidenciando como a cronologia ocidental silenciou a magia, experiência-limite para a filosofia, da mesma maneira que teço algumas considerações sobre como esse paradigma nos conduz a experimentar outro tipo de educação filosófica, mais atenta à erótica e ao resgate de saberes e práticas originárias.
Palavras-Chave: Educação filosófica. Magia. Processos de subjetivação. Biopolítica. Michel Foucault.
Philosophical Education and Magic: The experimentation of other subjectivation Processes
Abstract: I argue that the relationship between philosophy and magic enables subjectivation processes for us to experiment with another kind of philosophical education, which can resist contemporary biopolitics and neoliberalism. I characterize them both as a kind of bewitching power that has taken root in our subjectivity. Starting from an archeological reading on Michel Foucault's thought, I seek to conceptualize the processes of subjectivation, highlighting how Western chronology has silenced magic, the limiting experience for philosophy, just as I make some considerations on how this paradigm leads us to experiment with another kind of philosophical education, more attentive to the erotica and to the rescue of originary knowledge and practices.
Keywords: Philosophical education. Magic. Subjectivation processes. Biopolitics. Michel Foucault.
Éducation philosophique et Magie : l’expérience d’autres processus de subjectivation
Résumé: Je défends que la relation entre la philosophie et la magie nous permet d’avoir des processus de subjectivation pour expérimenter un autre type d’éducation philosophique, qui peut résister à la biopolitique et au néolibéralisme dans la contemporanéité. Je fais une caractérisation des deux comme un type de pouvoir enchanteur qui s’enracine dans notre subjectivité. En partant d’une lecture anarchéologique sur la pensée de Michel Foucault, je cherche à conceptualiser les processus de subjectivation, en mettant en évidence la manière dont la chronologie occidentale a mis au silence la magie, expérience-limite pour la philosophie, de la même manière que je tisse quelques considérations sur la manière dont ce paradigme nous conduit à expérimenter un autre type d’éducation philosophique, plus attentif à l’érotique et au sauvetage des savoirs et pratiques originaires.
Mots-clés: Éducation philosophique. Magie. Processus de subjectivation. Biopolitique. Michel Foucault.
Geografías del suicidio en Argentina: un estudio ecológico espacial durante los períodos 1999-2003 y 2008-2012
Authors: Leveau Carlos M. , Alazraqui Marcio 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Describir la distribución geográfica y el rol de factores sociodemográficos sobre la mortalidad por suicidios, de acuerdo con sexo y grupos de edad en Argentina durante los períodos 1999-2003 y 2008-2012.Método El rol de factores sociodemográficos sobre la mortalidad por suicidios y su distribución geográfica fueron analizados mediante regresiones múltiples espaciales. Se incluyeron tres variables independientes: un índice de fragmentación social, un índice de pobreza y la densidad poblacional como indicador del nivel de ruralidad.Resultados La fragmentación social y el suicidio estuvieron directamente relacionados en hombres de 10-59 años y mujeres de 10-29 años durante 1999-2003. Durante 2008-2012 el riesgo de suicidio fue mayor en áreas de baja densidad poblacional, salvo en mujeres de 10-29 años.Conclusiones Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio apoyan la hipótesis de fragmentación social como fenómeno asociado al riesgo de suicidio en departamentos de la Argentina, pero también dan apoyo a la hipótesis de un mayor riesgo de suicidio en áreas rurales. Las medidas de prevención del suicidio podrían enfocarse en políticas que promuevan la integración social, especialmente en población joven, así como también una mayor integración de las áreas rurales con el resto del territorio.
Comportamiento fenológico de Wercklea insignis (Malvaceae) en un Bosque Pluvial Premontano, San Ramón, Costa Rica
Authors: Brenes Cambronero Liz 
Published: December 2020

Se estudió la fenología de Wercklea insignis, árbol con potencial importante por sus flores conspicuas, que crece a orilla de los ríos, en la Reserva Biológica Alberto Manuel Brenes, Alajuela, Costa Rica. La evaluación se realizó de junio de 2014 hasta octubre de 2015. Se monitorearon 10 individuos con producción de flores, con un diámetro a la altura del pecho de 7 cm a 11.9 cm, mientras que la altura de los árboles osciló entre 8 m y 15 m. Cada espécimen de W. insignis se enumeró con marcas plásticas, luego se georreferenciaron cada uno de ellos. Las fenofases de floración (subanual), brotes foliares, caída de follaje fueron continuas, sin perder las hojas completamente. En tanto que la fructificación estuvo ausente solo en octubre 2014 y junio 2015. Existió asincronía entre individuos en el comportamiento de las etapas fenológicas. La caída de follaje (n=10, r= 0.35, p<0.05) y el nacimiento de flores (n=10, r= 0.46, p<0.05) se correlacionaron con la precipitación; mientras que el brote de frutos (n=10, r= -0.51, p<0.05) tuvo un vínculo inversamente proporcional con este fenómeno.
BACIA DE EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO - UMA TECNOLOGIA ALTERNATIVA PARA COLETA E TRATAMENTO DE ESGOTO DOMÉSTICO.
Authors: Gomes José Romário Soares , Capitó Aline Cerqueira Paranhos , Júnior Ismar Macário Pinto , Da Silva Djair Felix 
Published: December 2020

A Bacia de Evapotranspiração é uma tecnologia proposta por permacultores para reuso domiciliar das águas negras, um sistema engenhoso capaz de tratar esgoto e produzir vida sem gerar emissão de efluentes ao invés de livrar-se do esgoto lançando-o dentro da terra, podendo contaminar o solo e alcançar o lençol freático, como nos sumidouros. A partir disto, o presente trabalho busca, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, estudar as principais características, mecanismos de funcionamento e efetividade da Bacia de Evapotranspiração para coleta e tratamento das águas negras.	Os resultados apontam que a tecnologia é uma ótima alternativa para o tratamento deste tipo de esgoto, com ótima eficiência e a baixo custo, sem emissão de efluentes ou mal odores, além de garantir a produção de frutos que podem ser consumidos por humanos e reutilizar materiais descartados na construção da estrutura.
Clinical features of secondary acute myeloid leukemia in children
Authors: Makhacheva F. A. , Valiev T. T. 
Published: December 2020

Background. Secondary malignancies in pediatric cancer survivors is an actual problem in modern oncopediatry. Alkylating agents and topoisomerase II inhibitors used for primary tumors treatment, induce secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML), which treatment results are unsatisfactory.Objective. By predicating on literature and own data to evaluate clinical and biologic features and therapeutic potential of pediatric sAML.Materials and methods. Six patients (age 7–16 years) with sAML were enrolled the study from June 1998 to December 2016. Follow up until September 2020. Primary tumors, which therapy could induce sAML were acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Burkitt lymphoma, germ cell tumor, osteosarcoma, nephroblastoma.Results and conclusion. From 6 patients, included in the study, 2 are alive (+58 and +67 months after allogenic stem cell transplantation), that match global data. Fludarabine-containing regimens and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant could be a method of choice for this unfavorable group of patients.
SOME ASPECTS OF BEE POPULATION PRESERVATION
Authors: Krampuža Ilga 
Published: December 2020

Destructive influence of pesticides on bee population, as well as on people and the environment has been analysed in the research paper. The aim of the paper is to define topical issues, which have to be solved in order to protect bee population and offer the solutions for bee protection against using of chemicals. The issues of bee population protection have been examined in the context of people and environment protection by the assistance of the systematic method. The comparative method serves in order to view the hazard of bee population in different countries. The development of the normative acts, which regulate bee protection from the impact of pesticides has been discussed by the assistance of the historical method. The following hypothesis has been put forward: the protection of bee population is possible via improvement of the normative legal framework, which refers to the usage of pesticides. The novelty of the research is the offer of a normative act amendment, which would provide the checking of pesticide usage in municipalities.