bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning in a Multidisciplinary Environment: Design of Thermal Fluids/Systems in Buildings
Authors: Lin Cheng-Xian , Vassigh Shahin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Design of sustainable buildings requires collaboration among multidisciplinary teams who are equipped with knowledge and skill sets including architecture, construction, and engineering among others. In this paper, we report on an experiment, collected data, and learning outcomes of a multidisciplinary project involving students from three classes — a cohost of cross-college and cross-campus students with background in architecture, construction, and engineering.
Emphasis of this study is placed on how student performance in applications of thermal/fluid science in the design of buildings at different climates was impacted by multidisciplinary team research, design, and collaborative activities. Students’ academic performance before and after the completion of projects in multidisciplinary teams were compared across multiple academic semesters. The study found that learning outcomes in a multidisciplinary environment can be enhanced in topic that are aligned with students’ background. However, the extent to which students’ performance can be improved by this approach, will depend on the discipline. Interpretation of multidisciplinary concepts from different perspective was one of the biggest challenges that the collaborative teams faced in our experiment.
Effect of Rack Models and Buoyancy Forces on a Small Data Center Facility
Authors: Hu Beichao , Phan Long , Lin Cheng-Xian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Due to the rapid growth of the power density in data centers, the thermal management of the data center has become more and more important. Computational Fluid Dynamics has been proven to be one of the most effective tools in the design and analysis in data centers due to its ease of use and fast prediction in data centers. Due to the large size of a data center facility, one of the most challenging tasks in the data center CFD simulation is to establish simplified models to provide a fast but accurate prediction for both the temperature and flow field in data centers. In the past few years, people have proposed many tile models specifically to simulate the jet effect of the perforated tile. However, other aspects of the simulation were still in the early stage, e.g. rack models and the effect of buoyancy forces. This paper mainly studied the effect of the three rack models, which were Black Box Model, Modified Black Box Model, and Volumetric Heat Model. The effects of the buoyancy force were also studied. The result showed that buoyancy force had a huge impact on the simulation result, while the three rack models investigated had little difference.
Investigation of Condensation Heat Transfer on a Tube With Wavy Fins
Authors: Chen Tailian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this work, heat transfer coefficient during condensation of a refrigerant on the outside surface of a copper tube with wavy fins was experimentally investigated. To fully characterize the condensation heat transfer, the experiments were conducted under two conditions: no refrigerant overfeed and subject to various degree inundation. The results under the condition of no overfeed are compared with the Beatty and Katz model. While the trend of degradation with increasing subcooling was in good agreement with the model (within 5%), the condensation heat transfer coefficients from the wavy fins were 11–15% higher. Based on the Nusselt model, the surface tension effect is not taken into account in the Beatty and Katz model, which plays an important role in condensation on a surface with fins. The photographs taken during the experiments showed that the condensate dripping columns have a pitch is in agreement with that proposed by Yung et al. [24] for falling film evaporation applications. The second part of the experiments under the various degree of inundation provides further insight into the heat transfer capability of the surface with wavy fins.
The Association of Physical Activity With Carotid Intima Media Thickening in a Healthy Older Population: Cooper Center Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lee Joowon , Chen Baojiang , Kohl Harold W. , Barlow Carolyn E. , do Lee Chong , Radford Nina B. , DeFina Laura F. , Gabriel Kelley P. 
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and mean common carotid artery intima–media thickness (CCA IMT) among older adults. The data are from 1,811 Cooper Center Longitudinal Study participants, who were aged ≥60 years, with no history of cardiovascular disease. A medical history questionnaire was used to assess PA. Carotid ultrasound was performed to measure CCA IMT and the presence of plaque and stenosis. Logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the association between PA and CCA IMT after adjustment for covariates. The participants were aged 69.2 ± 5.9 years, and the majority were male (73.3%) and White (96.7%). The odds ratio of abnormal thickening of CCA IMT was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [0.54, 0.96]) in physically active participants (≥500 metabolic equivalent·min/week) after adjustment for covariates. In the current study, meeting PA guidelines in older adulthood was associated with lower odds of abnormal thickening of CCA IMT.
Me, Myself, and My Thoughts: The Influence of Brooding and Reflective Rumination on Depressive Symptoms in Athletes in the United Kingdom
Authors: Tahtinen Richard , McDougall Michael , Feddersen Niels , Tikkanen Olli , Morris Robert , Ronkainen Noora J. 
Published: December 2019

Individual differences in vulnerability to depression are still underexplored in athletes. We tested the influence of different brooding and reflective rumination profiles (i.e., repetitive thought processes in response to low/depressed mood) on the odds of experiencing clinically relevant depressive symptoms in competitive athletes (N = 286). The Patient Health Questionnaire–9 and the Ruminative Responses Scale–short form were utilized to measure depression and rumination, respectively. Compared to athletes with a low brooding/reflection profile, athletes with a high brooding/reflection profile had significantly higher odds of experiencing clinical levels of depressive symptoms (OR = 13.40, 95% CI = 3.81–47.11). A high reflection/low brooding profile was not, however, related to increased odds of depressive symptoms. Future research could extend our findings by exploring determinants of ruminative tendencies, especially brooding, in athletes. Furthermore, psychological interventions targeting rumination could be examined as a potential prevention and treatment approach to tackling depressive symptoms in athletes.
Neurodevelopmental impairment in necrotising enterocolitis survivors: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Matei Andreea , Montalva Louise , Goodbaum Alexa , Lauriti Giuseppe , Zani Augusto 
Published: December 2019

AimTo determine (1) the incidence of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), (2) the impact of NEC severity on NDI in these babies and (3) the cerebral lesions found in babies with NEC.MethodsSystematic review: three independent investigators searched for studies reporting infants with NDI and a history of NEC (PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Collaboration, Scopus). Meta-analysis: using RevMan V.5.3, we compared NDI incidence and type of cerebral lesions between NEC infants versus preterm infants and infants with medical vs surgical NEC.ResultsOf 10 674 abstracts screened, 203 full-text articles were examined. In 31 studies (n=2403 infants with NEC), NDI incidence was 40% (IQR 28%–64%) and was higher in infants with surgically treated NEC (43%) compared with medically managed NEC (27%, p<0.00001). The most common NDI in NEC was cerebral palsy (18%). Cerebral lesions: intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) was more common in NEC babies (26%) compared with preterm infants (18%; p<0.0001). There was no difference in IVH incidence between infants with surgical NEC (25%) and those treated medically (20%; p=0.4). The incidence of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) was significantly increased in infants with NEC (11%) compared with preterm infants (5%; p<0.00001).ConclusionsThis study shows that a large proportion of NEC survivors has NDI. NEC babies are at higher risk of developing IVH and/or PVL than babies with prematurity alone. The degree of NDI seems to correlate to the severity of gut damage, with a worse status in infants with surgical NEC compared with those with medical NEC.Trial registration numberCRD42019120522.
Identifying causation in hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a British perspective
Authors: Barber Christopher Michael , Burge P Sherwood , Feary Jo R , Parfrey Helen , Renzoni Elizabeth A , Spencer Lisa G , Walters Gareth I , Wiggans Ruth E 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundEstablishing whether patients are exposed to a ‘known cause’ is a key element in both the diagnostic assessment and the subsequent management of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP).ObjectiveThis study surveyed British interstitial lung disease (ILD) specialists to document current practice and opinion in relation to establishing causation in HP.MethodsBritish ILD consultants (pulmonologists) were invited by email to take part in a structured questionnaire survey, to provide estimates of demographic data relating to their service and to rate their level of agreement with a series of statements. A priori ‘consensus agreement’ was defined as at least 70% of participants replying that they ‘Strongly agree’ or ‘Tend to agree’.Results54 consultants took part in the survey from 27 ILD multidisciplinary teams. Participants estimated that 20% of the patients in their ILD service have HP, and of these, a cause is identifiable in 32% of cases. For patients with confirmed HP, an estimated 40% have had a bronchoalveolar lavage for differential cell counts, and 10% a surgical biopsy. Consensus agreement was reached for 25 of 33 statements relating to causation and either the assessment of unexplained ILD or management of confirmed HP.ConclusionsThis survey has demonstrated that although there is a degree of variation in the diagnostic approach for patients with suspected HP in Britain, there is consensus opinion for some key areas of practice. There are several factors in clinical practice that currently act as potential barriers to identifying the cause for British HP patients.
Histological and molecular diversity and heterogeneity of precancerous lesions associated with inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Gui Xianyong , Köbel Martin , Ferraz Jose GP , Iacucci Marietta , Ghosh Subrata , Liu Shuhong , Ou Young , Perizzolo Marco , Winkfein Robert J , Rambau Peter , Demetrick Douglas J 
Published: December 2019

AimsInflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated precancerous lesions may be adenomatous or non-adenomatous with various histomorphologies. We aim to validate the newly proposed classification, to explore the neoplastic nature of the non-adenomatous lesions and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the different histomorphologies.Methods44 background precursor lesions identified in 53 cases of surgically resected IBD-associated colorectal and ileal carcinomas were reviewed for the histomorphological features (classified into adenomatous, mucinous, sessile serrated adenoma (SSA)-like, traditional serrated adenoma-like, differentiated, eosinophilic and serrated not otherwise specified (NOS)) and analysed for a key panel of colonic cancer-related molecular markers.ResultsApproximately 60% of the lesions were adenomatous, of which some had mixed serrated, mucinous or eosinophilic changes. The remaining non-adenomatous lesions, including all other types except SSA-like type, mostly showed mixed features and focal adenomatous dysplasia.KRASmutation and p53 mutant-type expression were found in about half cases across all types, whilePIK3CAmutation only in some of adenomatous and eosinophilic lesions and MLH1/PMS2 loss in a subset of adenomatous, mucinous and eosinophilic but not in differentiated and serrated lesions. SAT-B2 or PTEN loss and IMP3 overexpression were seen in a small subset of lesions. NoBRAF,NRASorEGFRgene mutation was detected in any type. Certain molecular-morphological correlations were demonstrated; however, no single or combined molecular alteration(s) was specific to any particular morphological type.ConclusionsIBD-associated precancerous lesions are heterogeneous both histologically and molecularly. True colitis-associated adenomatous lesions are unlikely conventional adenomas. Non-adenomatous lesions without frank cytologic dysplasia should also be regarded as neoplastic.
DNA Isolation from Achieved Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues in a Series of 212 Thyroid Carcinoma Cases: The Influence of Preanalytical Factors on DNA Quantity and Purity
Authors: Nechifor-Boilă Adela , Banescu Claudia , Zahan Ancuta Elena , Moldovan Valeriu , Szasz Emoke , Borda Angela 
Published: December 2019

Objective The present study aimed to investigate the influence of several important preanalytical factors (storage period of the tumor block, maximal diameter of the tumor circled area, tumor volume and tumor fraction) on the isolated DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues in a series of thyroid carcinomas. Design Our study included 212 FFPE blocks, archived in the Department of Pathology, Târgu-Mureş Emergency County Hospital for up to 10 years. DNA isolation was performed using a commercially available kit (MasterPure DNA purification kit, Epicentre). The DNA parameters (concentration and purity) were determined using a spectrophotometer and the Qubit 2.0 Fluorometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for an accurate and sensitive DNA quantification. Results The mean DNA concentration and purity for the study cases were 489.3±372.6 ng/µl and 1.667±0.1912, respectively. The DNA concentration was correlated with the maximal diameter of the tumor circled area (p<0.0001), the tumor volume (p<0.0001) and tumor fraction (p=0.0462). No statistically significant differences both in terms of DNA concentration (p=0.374) and purity (p=0.125) in relation with the storage period of the tumor blocks were observed. When using a fluorometric quantification method, the DNA concentration was lower (mean DNA concentration: 47.15±32.85 ng/µl), but similar correlations with the morphological factors were observed. Apart for three cases, the real-time PCR amplification of the BRAF gene was successfully assessed in all cases. Conclusion The maximal diameter of the tumor circled area, tumor volume and tumor fraction are important morphological factors that correlate with the DNA concentration and should be carefully assessed in routine practice prior to performing DNA isolation from FFPE tissues.
Long-term deep brain stimulation of the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule for treatment-resistant depression
Authors: van der Wal Junus M. , Bergfeld Isidoor O. , Lok Anja , Mantione Mariska , Figee Martijn , Notten Peter , Beute Guus , Horst Ferdinand , van den Munckhof Pepijn , Schuurman P. Rick , Denys Damiaan 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveDeep brain stimulation (DBS) reduces depressive symptoms in approximately 40%–60% of patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but data on long-term efficacy and safety are scarce. Our objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of DBS targeted at the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule (vALIC) in 25 patients with TRD during a 1-year, open-label, maintenance period, which followed a 1-year optimisation period.MethodsDepression severity was measured using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D-17), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and self-reported Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS-SR). Primary outcomes were response rate (≥50% HAM-D-17 score reduction) after the maintenance phase, approximately 2 years after DBS surgery, and changes in depression scores and occurrence of adverse events during the maintenance phase.ResultsOf 25 operated patients, 21 entered and 18 completed the maintenance phase. After the maintenance phase, eight patients were classified as responder (observed response rate: 44.4%; intention-to-treat: 32.0%). During the maintenance phase, HAM-D-17 and MADRS scores did not change, but the mean IDS-SR score decreased from 38.8 (95% CI 31.2 to 46.5) to 35.0 (95% CI 26.1 to 43.8) (p=0.008). Non-responders after optimisation did not improve during the maintenance phase. Four non-DBS-related serious adverse events occurred, including one suicide attempt.ConclusionsvALIC DBS for TRD showed continued efficacy 2 years after surgery, with symptoms remaining stable after optimisation as rated by clinicians and with patient ratings improving. This supports DBS as a viable treatment option for patients with TRD.Trial registration numberNTR2118.
Endovascular management of acute large vessel occlusion stroke in pregnancy is safe and feasible
Authors: Limaye Kaustubh , Van de Walle Jones Ann , Shaban Amir , Desai Shashvat , Al Kasab Sami , Almallouhi Eyad , Holmstedt Christine A , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Haussen Diogo C , Nogueira Raul , Mont’Alverne Francisco , Ragiotto Carlos , Rebello Leticia C , Jovin Tudor G , Hasan David , Jadhav Ashutosh 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionStroke is a leading cause of adult death and disability. Although acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in pregnancy is rare, it has devastating consequences on the life of the mother and fetus. Pregnancy was an exclusion criterion in endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) trials and so there are no evidence-based treatment recommendations in this subgroup. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of mechanical thrombectomy in large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke in pregnancy.MethodsPatients with AIS due to LVO treated with EVT during pregnancy between 2000 and 2019 were identified at seven tertiary care centers. After IRB approval, retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained stroke/endovascular databases was performed.ResultsA total of seven subjects were identified. The average age was 33.2 years (range 25–38 years) and the average initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at presentation was 15 (range 9–28). Three patients received IV tissue plasminogen activator. Techniques of EVT included stent retriever thrombectomy, stent retriever-assisted continuous aspiration, direct contact aspiration, and multimodal techniques including a rescue balloon mounted coronary stent placement. While one patient was noted to have petechial hemorrhage, no individuals developed parenchymal hematoma. Mean discharge NIHSS score was 1.7 (range 0–5).ConclusionEVT is a safe and effective treatment for acute stroke secondary to LVO in this series of pregnant patients. While EVT for acute stroke is standard of care in select patient populations, our study suggests that treatment should be considered in the gravid population.
Exposure to traffic noise and gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: a cohort study
Authors: Sørensen Mette , Sørensen Thorkild I A , Ketzel Matthias , Raaschou-Nielsen Ole 
Published: December 2019

ObjectivesTransportation noise has been associated with markers of obesity. We aimed to investigate whether road traffic and railway noise were associated with weight gain during and after pregnancy.MethodsAmong the women participating in the Danish National Birth Cohort, 74 065 reported on weight before and during the pregnancy (gestational week 30) and 52 661 reported on weight before and 18 months after pregnancy. Residential address history from conception to 18 months after pregnancy was obtained in national registers, and road traffic and railway noise were modelled for all addresses. Associations between noise and gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) were analysed using the linear and log-binomial regression.ResultsA 10 dB(A) higher road traffic noise was associated with an increase in GWG of 3.8 g/week (95% CI 2.3 to 5.3) and PPWR of 0.09 kg (95% CI 0.02 to 0.16). For PPWR, this association seemed confined to women who were overweight (0.17 kg, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.32) or obese (0.49 kg, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.73) before pregnancy. Further adjustment by nitrogen dioxide reduced GWG risk estimates and slightly increased PPWR risk estimates. Railway noise ≥65 dB(A) was associated with an increase in GWG of 4.5 g/week (95% CI −2.7 to 11.6) and PPWR of 0.26 kg (95% CI −0.09 to 0.60) compared with levels <55 dB(A).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that road traffic noise is associated with weight gain during and after the pregnancy, which adds to the literature linking transportation noise to adiposity.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Healthy Adults: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sun Xiaomin , Tanisawa Kumpei , Zhang Yuping , Ito Tomoko , Oshima Satomi , Higuchi Mitsuru , Cao Zhen-Bo 
Published: December 2019

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> This study aimed to clarify whether 1 year of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation has a direct effect on body composition and physical fitness in healthy adults. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Ninety-five participants randomly received either 420 IU vitamin D<sub>3</sub> per day (<i>n</i> = 48) or placebo (<i>n</i> = 47) in a double-blind manner for 1 year. Lean body mass and percentage body fat were determined. Physical fitness including hand grip strength, leg extension power and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were assessed. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]<sub>2</sub>D) concentrations were assessed using ELISA kits. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Serum 25(OH)D and (1,25[OH]<sub>2</sub>D) concentrations significantly increased by approximately 11.2 ± 9.2 ng/mL (<i>p</i><sub>interaction</sub> &#x3c;0.001)and 7.0 ± 7.8 pg/mL (<i>p</i><sub>interaction</sub> &#x3c;0.001) after 1 year of vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation respectively. Lean body mass significantly increased from 43.8 ± 9.6 to 44.3 ± 9.8 kg in vitamin D group, while no change was observed in placebo group (from 42.6 ± 8.9 to 42.4± 8.9 kg) after 1 year intervention. Furthermore, no treatment effects on other indicators of body composition and physical fitness were observed. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b>One year of vitamin D supplementation effectively improves lean body mass, but not muscle strength and CRF in healthy adults.