bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and antineoplastic activities of roots of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. Against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells
Authors: Hasi Rumana Yesmin , Ali Hanif , Islam Majidul , Habib Rowshanul , Satter Mohammed A. , Yeasmin Tanzima 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The goal of this study was to explore the inherent antioxidant and antineoplastic activities of methanolic extract of the roots of Hibiscus sabdariffa (MEHSR).

Methods
The dried coarse powder of roots of Hibiscus sabdariffa was subjected to methanolic extraction. Here in vitro methods were used to determine the various types of phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of MEHSR as well as its cytotoxic effect against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. In vivo, antineoplastic activity of MEHSR against EAC cells was also evaluated by determining the viable tumor cell count, survival time, body weight gain, hematological profiles of experimental mice along with observing morphological changes of EAC cells by fluorescence microscope. Analysis of the chemical composition of MEHSR was carried out using GC-MS.

Results
Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of MEHSR were found to be 143.36 and 82.81 mg/g of extract in terms of gallic acid and catechin equivalent, respectively. The MEHSR exhibited very good scavenging property on DPPH (IC50: 13.37 μg/mL) and ABTS (IC50: 18.88 μg/mL) radicals in respect to nitric oxide (IC50: 72.82 μg/mL) radical and lipid peroxidation (IC50: 75.78 μg/mL) inhibition. MEHSR was found to induce Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell death at a dose dependent fashion. At dose 10 mg/kg, MEHSR significantly inhibited tumor cell growth rate (62.24%; p < 0.05), decreased tumor weight (57.81%; p < 0.05), increased life span (38.97%) compared to the untreated control mice. MEHSR also restored all hematological parameters of EAC-bearing mice towards normal level. Furthermore, administration of MEHSR induced apoptosis of EAC cells as observed in Hoechst 33342 stained cells under fluorescence microscope. Arachidic acid (49.18%), oleic acid (36.36%) and octadecanoic acid (14.47%) were identified as the major components of MEHSR by GC-MS analysis.

Conclusion
In a nutshell, our findings proposed that MEHSR may possess promising antioxidant and antineoplastic efficacy against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells by induction of cell apoptosis. Therefore, it might be a potent and novel candidate for anticancer therapy.
Determinants of health seeking behavior for chronic non-communicable diseases and related out-of-pocket expenditure: results from a cross-sectional survey in northern Bangladesh
Authors: Rasul Fatema Binte , Kalmus Olivier , Sarker Malabika , Adib Hossain Ishrath , Hossain Md Shahadath , Hasan Md Zabir , Brenner Stephan , Nazneen Shaila , Islam Muhammed Nazmul , De Allegri Manuela 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
In spite of high prevalence rates, little is known about health seeking and related expenditure for chronic non-communicable diseases in low-income countries. We assessed relevant patterns of health seeking and related out-of-pocket expenditure in Bangladesh.

Methods
We used data from a household survey of 2500 households conducted in 2013 in Rangpur district. We employed multinomial logistic regression to assess factors associated with health seeking choices (no care or self-care, semi-qualified professional care, and qualified professional care). We used descriptive statistics (5% trimmed mean and range, median) to assess related patterns of out-of-pocket expenditure (including only direct costs).

Results
Eight hundred sixty-six (12.5%) out of 6958 individuals reported at least one chronic non-communicable disease. Of these 866 individuals, 139 (16%) sought no care or self-care, 364 (42%) sought semi-qualified care, and 363 (42%) sought qualified care. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the following factors increased the likelihood of seeking qualified care: a higher education, a major chronic non-communicable disease, a higher socio-economic status, a lower proportion of chronic household patients, and a shorter distance between a household and a sub-district public referral health facility. Seven hundred fifty-four (87 %) individuals reported out-of-pocket expenditure, with drugs absorbing the largest portion (85%) of total expenditure. On average, qualified care seekers encountered the highest out-of-pocket expenditure, followed by those who sought semi-qualified care and no care, or self-care.

Conclusion
Our study reveals insufficiencies in health provision for chronic conditions, with more than half of all affected people still not seeking qualified care, and the majority still encountering considerable out-of-pocket expenditure. This calls for urgent measures to secure better access to care and financial protection.
Individual and contextual factors associated with sexual initiation among adolescents
Authors: Furlanetto Milene Fontana , Ghedin Dienifer Mattos , Gonçalves Tonantzin Ribeiro , Marin Angela Helena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdolescent sexual practices have been widely investigated as experiences that pose potential risks for health. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate individual and contextual factors associated with sexual initiation, sexual activity before the age of 15 years, and inconsistent condom use. A total of 253 adolescents aged 11 to 18 years, from public schools in the capital and metropolitan region of Rio Grande do Sul, were interviewed. They answered a questionnaire covering sociodemographic data and sexual behaviors and completed the Perception of Family Support Inventory. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics and it was verified that both individual (higher level of education, school repetition, and use of licit and illicit substances) and contextual factors (perception of less affective-consistent support and greater autonomy from the family) were related to sexual initiation among adolescents. The associations found for the groups with sexual initiation before and after 15 years of age were similar, indicating that age did not increase the exposure to risks. Inconsistent condom use was related to the use of tobacco and other drugs. Taken together, the results indicated the co-occurrence of risk behaviors, such as sexual risks and substance abuse, as well as highlighting some family characteristics as protective factors.
Augmentation of situational awareness by fault passage indicators in distribution network incorporating network reconfiguration
Authors: Jain Tanmay , Ghosh Debomita , Mohanta Dusmanta Kumar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPower distribution systems are profoundly inclined to disturbances like untimely switching of breakers & relays, sympathetic tripping, and uncertainties regarding fault location. Thus, system stability and reliability are greatly affected. In this way, situational awareness and system integrity are the crucial factors in developing power system security, as it empowers successful decision making & timely reaction by the operators to any disturbance and also maintaining continuity of power supply. This paper focuses on the enhancement of situational awareness by fault location through fault passage indicators (FPI) to improve nominal impedance-based methods in distribution networks. Also, the proposed method is validated by comparing it with Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) based fault location method. Further, simultaneous reconfiguration of the system is incorporated to maintain the continuity of supply. The analysis has been tested on IEEE 33 bus distribution system.
Comparing marginal bone height changes around immediately and delayed implant-retained mandibular overdentures in controlled diabetic patients: a randomized clinical study
Authors: Ibraheem Eman Mostafa Ahmed , Hammad Hoda Gaafar Hassan , El-Sisy Ahmed Mostafa Esmat 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
This study was conducted to evaluate the marginal bone height changes around dental implants in mandibular implant-retained complete acrylic overdentures using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with implementation of both immediate and delayed loading protocols in controlled type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.

Patients and methods
Twenty completely edentulous controlled diabetic patients were selected to participate in this study to receive mandibular implant-retained overdentures. Then, the study patients were randomly divided into two equal groups according to the loading protocol: group I, ten patients had received complete overdentures retained with two implants and two ball attachments while applying the immediate implant loading protocol and group II, ten patients had received complete overdentures retained with two implants and two ball attachments while applying the delayed implant loading protocol. For each patient, a computer-guided surgical stent was prepared for CBCT assessment to properly determine the dimensions and angulations of the two implants that were inserted in the inter-foraminal region. Afterward, the dental prosthetic was loaded, and a second CBCT was done for each patient to measure the marginal alveolar bone height. Then CBCTs were periodically performed after a period of 6 and 12 months after prosthetic loading in order to monitor the changes in marginal bone height surrounding the inserted dental implants.

Results
Statistical analysis of obtained records revealed no significant difference between the two loading protocols in the studied groups.

Conclusion
Marginal bone height changes around immediately and delayed implant-retained mandibular over dentures seem comparable in controlled type II diabetic patients.

Trial registration
Trial registration number: 16086; date of registry, November 2016; date of the research, June 2017
Proteomic analysis of heat shock proteins in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Abou-Deif Mahmoud Hussien , Rashed Mohamed Abdel-Salam , Khalil Kamal Mohamed , Mahmoud Fatma El-Sayed 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Maize is one of the important cereal food crops in the world. High temperature stress causes adverse influence on plant growth. When plants are exposed to high temperatures, they produce heat shock proteins (HSPs), which may impart a generalized role in tolerance to heat stress. Proteome analysis was performed in plant to assess the changes in protein types and their expression levels under abiotic stress. The purpose of the study is to explore which proteins are involved in the response of the maize plant to heat shock treatment.

Results
We investigated the responses of abundant proteins of maize leaves, in an Egyptian inbred line of maize “K1”, upon heat stress through two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) on samples of maize leaf proteome. 2-DE technique was used to recognize heat-responsive protein spots using Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and silver staining. In 2-D analysis of proteins from plants treated at 45 °C for 2 h, the results manifested 59 protein spots (4.3%) which were reproducibly detected as new spots where did not present in the control. In 2D for treated plants for 4 h, 104 protein spots (7.7%) were expressed only under heat stress. Quantification of spot intensities derived from heat treatment showed that twenty protein spots revealed clear differences between the control and the two heat treatments. Nine spots appeared with more intensity after heat treatments than the control, while four spots appeared only after heat treatments. Five spots were clearly induced after heat treatment either at 2 h or 4 h and were chosen for more analysis by LC-MSMS. They were identified as ATPase beta subunit, HSP26, HSP16.9, and unknown HSP/Chaperonin.

Conclusion
The results revealed that the expressive level of the four heat shock proteins that were detected in this study plays important roles to avoid heat stress in maize plants.
Anatomy, ultrastructure and histology of the olfactory organ of the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, Centrarchidae
Authors: Kim Hyun Tae , Yun Seung Woon , Park Jong Young 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe detailed anatomy, ultrastructure and histology of the olfactory organ ofMicropterus salmoideswere investigated by a stereo microscope, a light microscope, and a scanning electron microscope. Its external structure shows a tube-like anterior nostril to stick out and a posterior nostril flat to the skin surface. Meanwhile, its internal structure, the olfactory chamber, contains a fan-shaped rosette structure with 9 to 11 lamellae in adult fish over 35 cm in standard length (SL) and two accessory nasal sacs (ethmoidal and lacrimal sacs) were found. Interestingly, the rosette in young fish under 15 cm in SL was a longitudinal structure in parallel with each of 4–5 lamellae. Histologically, the sensory epithelium (SE) on the olfactory chamber consists of 5 types of cells: olfactory receptor neurons, supporting cells, basal cells, lymphatic cells and mucous cells. In contrast, the non-sensory epithelium (NSE) has stratified epithelial cells, lymphatic cells and mucous cells. The mucous cells of the SE are abundant and distributed densely in one row on the outermost superficial surface, but the one of the NSE are less than the SE. From these results, the olfactory characters ofM. salmoidesmay be related with its ecological habit spending in the middle layer of stagnant water contaminated, more or less.
An endangered regional cuisine in Sweden: the decline in use of European smelt, Osmerus eperlanus (L., 1758), as food stuff
Authors: Svanberg Ingvar , Jäppinen Armas , Bonow Madeleine 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOnly a handful freshwater fish species are still commercially sought after in Sweden. Subsistence fishing in lakes and rivers is also rare nowadays and has in general been replaced by recreational fishing. However, fishing for European smelt, Osmerus eperlanus (L.), once popular in many areas of central Sweden, has survived into the twenty-first century, particularly in the province of Värmland, as a minor, but interesting regional food speciality. It is a dish with character, since smelt has a very particular scent and it is therefore esteemed by some and rejected by others. Nowadays, it is eaten locally, especially by the elder generations, and attempts to popularize it as a regional food have so far failed. However, smelt deserves to be marketed as a regional culinary specialty, and has great potential to become popular among modern foodies. A traditional dish known as “smelt pancake” can be promoted. Interesting enough, there are new categories of smelt enthusiasts that have discovered the possibility of fishing in large numbers in spring, especially Thai and other immigrants. There are also a significant numbers of sojourners and visitors from the Baltic States, especially Lithuanians, fishing for smelt in Värmland.
Exploring receptor tyrosine kinases-inhibitors in Cancer treatments
Authors: Metibemu D. Samuel , Akinloye O. Adeboye , Akamo A. Jamiu , Ojo D. Ajiboye , Okeowo O. Tolulope , Omotuyi I. Olaposi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are signaling enzymes responsible for the transfer of Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) γ-phosphate to the tyrosine residues substrates. RTKs demonstrate essential roles in cellular growth, metabolism, differentiation, and motility. Anomalous expression of RTK customarily leads to cell growth dysfunction, which is connected to tumor takeover, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Understanding the structure, mechanisms of adaptive and acquired resistance, optimizing inhibition of RTKs, and eradicating cum minimizing the havocs of quiescence cancer cells is paramount.MainTextTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) vie with RTKs ATP-binding site for ATP and hitherto reduce tyrosine kinase phosphorylation, thus hampering the growth of cancer cells. TKIs can either be monoclonal antibodies that compete for the receptor’s extracellular domain or small molecules that inhibit the tyrosine kinase domain and prevent conformational changes that activate RTKs. Progression of cancer is related to aberrant activation of RTKs due to due to mutation, excessive expression, or autocrine stimulation.ConclusionsUnderstanding the modes of inhibition and structures of RTKs is germane to the design of novel and potent TKIs. This review shed light on the structures of tyrosine kinases, receptor tyrosine kinases, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, minimizing imatinib associated toxicities, optimization of tyrosine kinase inhibition in curtailing quiescence in cancer cells and the prospects of receptor tyrosine kinase based treatments.
Role of dynamic ultrasound versus MRI in diagnosis and assessment of shoulder impingement syndrome
Authors: El-Shewi Islam El-Hefnawi Abdel Fattah , El Azizy Hatem Mohamed , Gadalla Amr Abd El Fattah Hassan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Subacromial impingement is the most frequent cause of shoulder pain, accounting for up to 60% of all shoulder complaints; dynamic high-resolution ultrasonography can be used in the detection of different abnormalities causing and related to shoulder impingement. This is compared to MRI, which we considered as a standard in our cases.

Results
Fifty patients presented with symptoms of painful shoulder with 42 patients of them having limited movements of their shoulders. All patients had a conventional B-mode ultrasound examination, and dynamic sonographic examination was also performed in all patients. The results were compared to the MRI examination results of those patients. The addition of dynamic ultrasound examination for diagnosis of the painful shoulder showed the highest sensitivity in the assessment of impingement syndrome and for detection of different abnormalities affecting the shoulder joint (e.g., 85.7% for rotator cuff partial-thickness tear, 90% for rotator cuff full-thickness tear).

Conclusion
Based on our results, the static US combined with dynamic study can be a helpful tool in detecting different abnormalities of the painful shoulder especially impingement syndrome and its different causes.
Nicaraven Attenuates Postoperative Systemic Inflammatory Responses-Induced Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Zhang Xu , Moriwaki Takahito , Kawabata Tsuyoshi , Goto Shinji , Liu Ke-Xiang , Guo Chang-Ying , Li Tao-Sheng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Inflammation has been demonstrated to promote cancer metastasis. Due to the well-known systemic inflammatory responses (SIR) after major surgery, it is critical to investigate and attenuate SIR-induced tumor metastasis of cancer patients suffering surgical procedures.

Methods
C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with Lewis lung cancer cells at 6, 24, and 72 h after the induction of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We found that the number of tumor nodules significantly increased in lungs of mice injected with cancer cells at 6 h but not at 24 and 72 h after I/R injury. The administration of nicaraven 30 min before and 24 h after I/R injury effectively attenuated the enhanced tumor metastasis to lungs. Protein array showed the increase of various cytokines in plasma of mice at 6 h after I/R injury, but many of them were attenuated by the administration of nicaraven. Immunostaining indicated the increase of Ly6g-, CD206-, and CD11c-positive inflammatory cells in the lungs, but it was also attenuated by nicaraven administration.

Conclusions
Postoperative SIR-induced tumor metastasis have been clearly evidenced in our experimental model, and the administration of nicaraven may ameliorate the SIR-induced tumor metastasis by suppressing inflammatory responses.
Pediatric sedation in vascular malformations interventions by a non-anesthesiologist—feasibility and safety
Authors: Weiser Giora , Gross Itai , Verstandig Anthony , Farkas Adam 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Sedation for pediatric patients undergoing interventional procedures in radiology is in increasing demand. Once only anesthesiology-performed, there is a demand for sedation services to perform sedations for these procedures. However, the safety of performing long sedations by non-anesthesiologists in interventional radiology has not been reported. This pilot study aimed at describing a single center's experience and outcome with sedation.

Methods:
This study reviews the sedations performed at a single center by a pediatric emergency physician who performed the sedation. The results regarding safety and satisfaction were reviewed.

Results:
A total of 52 sedations were documented. Four cases of significant adverse events and three adverse events occurred. In all cases, the procedures were completed. None of the patients required intubation or admission following the sedation. There was high satisfaction by the interventional radiologists.

Conclusion:
This small pilot study shows that sedations for procedures in interventional radiology can be performed safely and successfully by dedicated non-anesthesiology sedation services. This may be considered as an alternative when anesthesiology service is not available.

Advances in knowledge:
This small, single center pilot study examines the safety of sedation by a non-anesthesiologist for interventional radiology procedures. This may offer an additional method of performing procedures in the pediatric population while anesthesia is not readily available.
Hydro-Oceanographic and Water Quality Assesments As a Basis for the Development of Offshore Aquaculture in the Weh Island, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Ondara Koko , Altanto Try , Rahmawan Guntur Adhi , Dhiauddin Ruzana , Wisha Ulung Jantama , Ridwan Nia Naelul Hasanah 
Published: December 2019

The waters of Weh Island, Aceh Province has potency become the area for offshore aquaculture. Offshore Floating Net Cages can be an appropriate technology in increasing the biomass cultivation in Weh Island waters. However, no feasibility study has been done. Therefore, this study aims to examine the suitability of offshore aquaculture locations in the East and South regions of Weh Island Based on Hydro-oceanography parameters. The parameters examined were water quality parameters such as temperature, brightness, pH, salinity and dissolved oxygen. In addition, we also examined the aspects of physical oceanography such as tides, currents and bathymetry. The results show that the water depth ranged from 0-57 m. The tidal type in the Weh Island waters is mixed tide prevailing semidiurnal with the tidal range of 1.9 m. The average of current speed ranged from 19.03-37.67 cm/s with the directions predominantly toward northwest and southeast. It is concluded that the water quality data show that the eastern and southern parts of Weh Island are categorized as the feasible locations for offshore aquaculture. Keywords: Sabang, Hydro-oceanography, Fisheries, Offshoreaquaculture, Floating net cages
Segmented Bayesian optimization of meta-gratings for sub-wavelength light focusing
Authors: Zhang Dasen , Qin Feifei , Zhang Qiang , Liu Zhenzhen , Wei Guochao , Xiao Jun Jun 
Published: December 2019

Using inverse design tools to engineer functional photonic nanostructures has been a subject of great interest over the past several years. We report combining a segmented Bayesian optimization algorithm with the rigorous coupled wave analysis to design meta-gratings for sub-wavelength light focusing. Specifically, the meta-gratings comprise one-dimensional periodic arrays of supercells, each of which consists of dozens of dielectric bars. By optimizing geometry of the structure, we demonstrate two kinds of meta-gratings operating at single and double wavelengths, respectively. Both of them can focus the incoming light into periodic sub-wavelength spots with high energy density. The full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the focusing spots for the single wavelength (

λ
=
633

n
m

) case can be as small as

0.36
λ

, while FWHMs of the focusing spots at double wavelengths (

λ
=
533

n
m

and 633 nm) are about

0.4
λ

. This proposed approach provides an affordable method to tackle the problem of complex photonic structure design.