bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Stress Hyperglycemia&nbsp;Ratio on 1-Year&nbsp;Clinical Outcome after Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yang Dehao , Yang Dehao , Ren Junli , Ren Junli , Huang Honghao , Huang Honghao , Yang Naiping , Yang Naiping , Yang Chenguang , Yang Chenguang , Gao Beibei , Gao Beibei , Hu Jingyu , Hu Jingyu , Pan Wenjing , Pan Wenjing , Sun Fangyue , Sun Fangyue , Zhou Xinbo , Zhou Xinbo , Zeng Tian , Zeng Tian , Chen Guangyong , Chen Guangyong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundStress hyperglycemia manifests as transient hyperglycemia in the context of illness with or without known diabetes, which may cause poor clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. The present study intended to evaluate the association between stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and 1-year clinical outcome after treatment with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) for AIS patients and compare the predictive effect of fasting glucose concentration, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and SHR. MethodsData from 205 AIS patients following thrombolytic therapy with r-tPA in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from Apr. 2016 to Apr. 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. We grouped AIS patients according to SHR tertiles to contrast the 1-year clinical outcome. Multivariate regression analysis was carried to further analyze the association between SHR and AIS prognosis. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was used for the purpose of comparing the prognostic effects of fasting glucose concentration, HbA1c and SHR on AIS patients. ResultsSHR was an independent predictor for 1-year poor outcome (OR 1.447; 95% CI, 1.124-1.864, p = 0.004) but not the mortality of AIS patients. Restricted cubic spline regression showed a linear relationship between SHR and the odds of poor outcome. Furthermore, SHR is a fair predictor to predict 1-year poor outcome. The cut-off value of SHR levels was 0.79 with 71.0% sensitivity and 72.0 % specificity. ConclusionsThe increased SHR was strongly associated with 1-year poor outcome following thrombolytic therapy with r-tPA. Meanwhile, SHR had higher predictive value for prognosis of AIS patients than fasting glucose concentration and HbA1c. Trial registration﻿Retrospectively registered
Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Short Tittle: Venous Thromboembolism in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Longchamp Gregoire , Manzocchi-Besson Sara , Longchamp Alban , Righini Marc , Robert-Ebadi Helia , Blondon Marc 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNGCOVID-19 appears to be associated with a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the risk of clinically relevant VTE in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. METHODSThis meta-analysis included original articles in English published from 01/01/2020 to 06/15/2020 in Pubmed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of science, and Cochrane. Outcomes were major VTE, defined as any objectively diagnosed pulmonary embolism (PE) and/or proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Primary analysis estimated the risk of VTE, stratified by acutely and critically ill inpatients. Secondary analyses explored the separate risk of proximal DVT and of PE; the risk of major VTE stratified by screening and by type of anticoagulation. RESULTSIn 33 studies (n=4’009 inpatients) with heterogeneous thrombotic risk factors, VTE incidence was 9% (95%CI 5-13%, I2=92.5) overall, and 21% (95%CI 14-28%, I2=87.6%) for patients hospitalized in the ICU. Proximal lower limb DVT incidence was 3% (95%CI 1-5%, I2= 87.0%) and 8% (95%CI 3-14%, I2=87.6%), respectively. PE incidence was 8% (95%CI 4-13%, I2=92.1%) and 17% (95%CI 11-25%, I2=89.3%), respectively. Screening and absence of anticoagulation were associated with a higher VTE incidence. When restricting to medically ill inpatients, the VTE incidence was 2% (95%CI 0-6%).CONCLUSIONSThe risk of major VTE among COVID-19 inpatients is high but varies greatly with severity of the disease. These findings reinforce the need for the use of thromboprophylaxis in all COVID-19 inpatients and for clinical trials testing different thromboprophylaxis regimens in subgroups of COVID-19 inpatients. TRIAL REGISTRATIONThe review protocol was registered in PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42020193369).
Maternal Aromatase Inhibition Effects on RFamide-Related Peptide-3 and Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone in Adult Murine Offspring With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Shaaban Zahra , Tamadon Amin , Shirazi Mohammad Reza Jafarzadeh , Zamiri Mohammad Javad , Derakhshanfar Amin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among childbearing women and the development of many animal models for this syndrome, information on its etiology is still scarce. Intrauterine hyperandrogenic environment may underlie changes at the levels of hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary organization in female offspring, and PCOS later in life. Letrozole, has been shown to mimic reproductive and metabolic characteristics of PCOS in adult rodent models. Therefore, the aim of this research was to assess the condition in a prenatal letrozole-treated rat model. Methods: Twenty-eight female rats from dams receiving letrozole at certain doses during late pregnancy were used in the trial. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (n=21) received letrozole treatment on days 16-18 gestation at doses 1.25, 1.0, 0.75, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/kg body weight (BW).Results: Prenatal letrozole-treatment delayed parturition time and reduced the litter size in pregnant dams (P<0.0001). Late puberty onset, irregular ovarian cyclicity, increased anogenital distance (AGD), body weight gain, and serum testosterone concentration and reduced estradiol levels (P<0.0001) were observed in the female offspring of dams receiving 1.25 and 1 mg/kg BW letrozole. Furthermore, Letrozole at 1.25 and 1 mg/kg BW showed increased Rfrp and decreased Gnrh mRNA expression (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Letrozole treatment at doses 1 mg/kg BW and lower was not feto-toxic. It was concluded that 1 mg/kg BW letrozole may be suggested for prenatal PCOS induction.
WITHDRAWN: Enterococcus Faecium is a Risk Factor for The Outbreak of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Jang Hyo-Min , Kim Jeon-Kyung , Joo Min-Kyung , Shin Yun-Jung , Lee Kyung-Eon , Yoo Joong-Wook , Lee Chang-Kyun , Kim Hyo-Jong , Kim Dong-Hyun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe gut microbiota closely communicate with the brain through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The interaction between gut microbiota may regulate the occurrence of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression. Therefore, we transplanted the fecal microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or their overpopulated gut bacteria into specific-pathogen-free or germ-free mice and examined their effects regarding the occurrence of colitis and anxiety/depression. ResultsFecal microbiota transplantations (FMTs) from patients with IBD with (/D+) or without depression (/D-) caused IBD-like colitis in the transplanted mice: they increased myeloperoxidase activity and NF-κB+/CD11c+ cell population in the colon. FMTs from patients with IBD/D+ caused anxiety-/depression-like behaviors and NF-κB+/Iba1+ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+/Iba1+ cell population and decreased the BDNF+/NeuN+ cell population in the hippocampus. FMTs from patients with IBD/D- caused anxiety-like, but not depression-like, behaviors. α-/β-diversities and composition of microbiota in the feces of patients with IBD (IBD-F) were different from those of healthy-control feces (HC-F). The Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae populations and fecal lipopolysaccharide levels were higher in IBD-F vs. HC-F. Moreover, the Enterococcaceae population was higher in IBD/D+-F vs. IBD/D--F, while the Bifidobacteria population was lower in IBD/D+-F. FMT from HC alleviated the IBD/D+-F-induced anxiety-/depression-like behaviors and colitis in the transplanted mice. Furthermore, it suppressed IBD/D+-F-induced Enterococcus sp. population in the feces. Enterobacteriaceae Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Cronobacter sakazakii abundant in IBD-F, singly or together, caused depression with colitis in germ-free and specific-pathogen-free mice, while Enterococcus faecium abundant in IBD/D+-F did not cause not anxiety/depression and colitis. However, the combination of Enterobacteriaceae with Enterococcus faecium synergistically deteriorated depression and colitis, while its combination with Bifidobacterium longum attenuated them. ConclusionThe interaction between gut microbiota Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, and Bifidobacteria may regulate the outbreak of anxiety/depression and IBD through the modulation of NF-κB-involved BDNF expression and gut microbiota. Enterococcus faecium, a probiotic strain, is a risk factor for the outbreak of anxiety/depression in patients with IBD.
The Large-Scale Spatial Patterns of Ecological Networks Between Phytoplankton and Zooplankton in Coastal Marine Ecosystems
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Li Hongjun , Shen Wenli , Du Xiongfeng , Li Shuzhen , Wei Ziyan , Feng Kai , Deng Ye 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe marine autotrophic phytoplankton is responsible for approximately half of global primary production on Earth, and as the planktonic consumers, the heterotrophic zooplankton could link the phytoplankton and higher trophic level to complete the aquatic Food Web. Despite the interaction between phytoplankton and zooplankton has played important roles in speciation and ecosystem function, little is known about the spatial patterns of their interactions at the continental scale.ResultsHere, we collected 251 seawater samples along 13,000 km of Chinese coastline, and microscopically investigated the spatial gradient patterns of phytoplanktonic and zooplanktonic diversities. In total, 307 phytoplanktonic and 311 zooplanktonic species were visually identified. The distance-decay relationships showed higher turnover rates for zooplankton than phytoplankton, indicating zooplankton had more divergent compositions across larger distances. Furthermore, the zooplankton-phytoplankton interaction networks demonstrated more complex and numerous connections along the southern coast than in the north, suggesting the interactions between these two major planktonic groups had a geographic spatial pattern. The types of planktonic interactions changed along the latitudinal gradient, with positive interactions dominant in northern and middle regions, while the percentage of positive and negative interactions were approximately equal in the southern latitudinal region. Additionally, some particular association between zooplanktonic and phytoplanktonic groups were found to be localized in specific regions, such as autotrophic C. lorenzianus was only associated with heterotrophic Copepoda in northern region, and C. oculus-iridis was only associated with Copepoda and Chaetognatha in the middle (ECS) and southern (SCS) respectively.ConclusionsWe demonstrate here that not only the planktonic biodiversity and community structure exhibited a clear spatial pattern, but also the interaction between phytoplankton and zooplankton also changed with spatial variation. Our results provide a valuable ecological perspective to the biogeography patterns of coastal plankton along the large-scale spatial gradients, and have important implications for understanding how complex planktonic species interactions changed with location variation.
Conjunctival Sac Microbiome in Infectious Conjunctivitis
Authors: Mohamed Yasser Helmy , Uematsu Masafumi , Morinaga Yoshitomo , Nguyen Hien-Anh , Toizumi Michiko , Sasaki Daisuke , Yanagihara Katsunori , Dang Duc-Anh , Kitaoka Takashi , Yoshida Lay Mint 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
To determine the conjunctival bacterial community among the infectious conjunctivitis cases attending the outpatient clinic of Khanh Hoa General Hospital in Nha Trang, Vietnam from October 2016 through December 2017. Of all, 50 randomly selected samples using a computer generated random number list were included for microbiome identification. Conjunctival swabs were collected and tested using conventional culture, PCR, and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing.
Results
The study included randomly selected 47 patients. More than 98% of all DNA reads represented five bacterial phyla. Three of these phyla constitute 92% of all sequences [Firmicutes (35%), Actinobacteria (31%), and Proteobacteria (26%)]. At the genus level, there were twelve common genera constituted about 61% of all the sequence reads. Seven of those genera were common [Streptococcus (10%), Cutibacterium (10%), Staphylococcus (7%), Nocardioides (7%), Corynebacterium 1 (5%), Anoxybacillus (5%), and Acinetobacter (5%)], which encompassed 49% of all reads. As for diversity analysis, there was no difference in PERMANOVA analysis (Unweighted UniFrac) for sex (P = 0.087), chemosis (P = 0.064) and unclassified eyedrops (P = 0.431). There was no difference in PERMANOVA analysis for pain (P = 0.315) and itching (P = 0.133). There was a statistical significant difference in cases with bilateral conjunctivitis (P = 0.017) and for using antibiotics (P = 0.020).
Conclusion
Firmicutes among the predominant phyla has the highest abundance in bacterial conjunctivitis in our study. Pseudomonas as a resident commensal microbiota has an important role for prevention of infection.
Bilateral radial head fracture with unilateral terrible triad injury in a military
Authors: BENNANI MOURAD , Cherrad Taoufik , Guendbar Mouad , Zejjari Hassan , Louaste Jamal , Amhajji Larbi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background:

The combination of coronoid process fracture, radial head fracture, and elbow dislocation has earned the moniker “terrible triad” by virtue of its challenging treatment and historically poor outcomes. Bilateral radial head fracture with unilateral terrible triad injury is an unprecedented presentation. It raises questions regarding the mechanism of injury, the surgical indication and the rehabilitation program.
Case presentation:

We report a case of a 29-year-old man presenting a unilateral terrible triad injury of the right elbow and a left radial head fracture after he fell off his motorcycle. The patient underwent open reduction and internal fixation of the radial head with repair of the lateral collateral ligament for the right elbow while the left radial head fracture was treated by a short-term immobilization in a posterior splint. We have reached good results 2 years after the injury: The Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 100 for both elbows.
Conclusion:

The few available data suggest that bilateral elbow injury involving a terrible triad occurs mainly in male young patient as a result of a high energy trauma. Bilateral radial head fracture with unilateral terrible triad injury is unprecedented. Well adapted surgical indication followed by optimal rehabilitation program are the two keys to obtain good results.
Association of serum uric acid levels with COVID-19 severity
Authors: Hu Fang , Guo Yifan , Lin Jianghong , Zeng Yingjuan , Wang Juan , Li Man , Cong Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aims:
Hyperuricemia has attracted increasing attention, however, limited attention has been paid to the potential dangers of lowering serum uric acid (SUA). We observed lower levels of SUA in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we aim to explore the SUA levels in COVID-19 patients and the relationship between SUA and the severity of COVID-19.
Methods:
A case-control study based on 91 cases with COVID-19 and 1:3 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects (N = 273) were included. We firstly compared the SUA levels and the uric acid/creatinine (UA/Cr) ratio between COVID-19 patients and the healthy controls. Then, we examined the association of the SUA levels and UA/Cr ratios with COVID-19 severity defined according to the fifth edition of China’s Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines of COVID-19.
Results:
SUA levels at admission were 2.59% lower, UA/Cr ratios 6.06% lower in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. In sex stratified analysis, SUA and UA/Cr were lower in male COVID-19 patients while only SUA was lower in female COVID-19 patient. Moreover, SUA and UA/Cr values were 4.27% and 8.23% lower in the severe group than in the moderate group among male COVID patients. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection and male sex were independent factors associated with lower SUA levels. COVID-19 male patients with low SUA levels at had higher risk of developing severe symptoms than those with high SUA levels (incidence rate ratio: 4.05; 95% CI:1.11,14.72) at admission. After completion of the first follow-up of the COVID-19 patients within 1–3 weeks after discharge, we found that male patients experienced severe symptoms had significantly lower SUA and UA/Cr ratio levels comparing to moderate patients but no significant difference between different time points. In females, female patients have both SUA and UA/Cr ratio levels lower at discharge than that at admission, however these differences disappear at follow-up exam.
Conclusion:
COVID-19 patients had SUA and UA/Cr values lower than normal at admission. Male COVID-19 patients with low SUA levels had a significantly higher risk of developing severe symptoms than those with high SUA levels. During the aggravation course of the disease, the level of SUA gradually decreased until discharge. At follow-up exam, the level of SUA is similar to the levels at admission.
Metformin Reduces Therapeutic Effects in the New in Vitro Tumor Therapy Model&nbsp;
Authors: Meyer Felix Benjamin , Goebel Sophie , Spangel Sonja Barbara , Leovsky Christiane , Hoelzer Doerte , Thierbach René 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Despite considerable medical proceedings, cancer is still a leading cause of death. Major problems for tumor therapy are chemoresistance as well as toxic side effects. In recent years, the additional treatment with the antidiabetic drug metformin during chemotherapy showed promising results in some cases. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro tumor therapy model in order to further investigate the potential of a combined chemotherapy with metformin. Methods Cytotoxic effects of a combined treatment on BALB/c fibroblasts were proven by the resazurin assay. Based on the BALB/c cell transformation assay, the BALB/c tumor therapy model was established successfully with four different chemotherapeutics (Doxorubicin, Docetaxel, Mitomycin C and 5-Fluorouracil). Moreover, glucose consumption in the medium supernatant was measured and protein expressions were determined by Western Blotting. Results Initial tests for the combined treatment with metformin indicated unexpected results as metformin could partly mitigate the cytotoxic effects of the chemotherapeutic agents. These results were further confirmed as metformin induced resistance to some of the drugs when applied simultaneously in the tumor therapy model. Mechanistically, an increased glucose consumption was observed in non-transformed cells as well as in the mixed population of malignant transformed cell foci and non-transformed monolayer cells, suggesting that metformin could also increase glucose consumption in transformed cells. Conclusion In conclusion, this study suggests a cautious use of metformin during chemotherapy. Moreover, the BALB/c tumor therapy model offers a potent tool for further mechanistic studies of drug-drug interactions during cancer therapy.
VATS right upper posterior segmentectomy with anomalous bronchiand pulmonary vessels: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Jianbin , Zhu Yilv , Li Hongwei , Yu Caihua , Min Weiwei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAnatomic variation may increase the difficulty and risk for anatomic segmentectomy. The preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography(3D-CTBA) can provide a detailed model of the segmental structure, and contribute to precise and safe segmentectomy.Case presentationWe report a case with anomalous bronchi and pulmonary vessels in the right upper posterior segment (RS2), under the guidance of 3D-CTBA, anatomic RS2segmentoctomywas performed accurately and safely, the postoperative condition was uneventful.ConclusionsThis rare case highlights the importance of 3D-CTBA to guild accurate segmentectomy with anatomic variation.
Lack of Correlation of Brucella Antibody Titers With Clinical Outcomes and Culture Positivity of Brucellosis
Authors: Alsubaie Shahad A. , Turkistani Shouq A. , Zeaiter Alanoud A. , Thabit Abrar K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBrucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp., namely B. melitensis and B. abortus in humans. Culturing is the gold standard method for diagnosis; however, because Brucella is a slow-growing bacterium, which may delay diagnosis, other faster methods, such as serology, are used. Studies on the correlation between Brucella antibody titers and clinical outcomes are limited. Therefore, this study assessed such correlation and evaluated the correlation between baseline serological results with culture positivity and clinical picture.MethodsPatients tested positive for Brucella antibodies at baseline and diagnosed with brucellosis between January 2008 and December 2018 were included. Collected data included clinical outcomes, baseline culture positivity (growth in culture), arthralgia, baseline and end of therapy (EOT) temperature, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.ResultsOf 695 patients tested for Brucella antibodies, only 94 had positive baseline serology and diagnosed with acute brucellosis, among whom 63 had EOT serology. No significant correlations were found between EOT antibody titers of both Brucella spp. and clinical cure, mortality, length of stay, and duration of therapy. Additionally, no correlations were found between baseline serology and culture positivity, arthralgia, temperature, and other lab values.ConclusionBrucella serology does not correlate with clinical outcomes at EOT nor with culture positivity at baseline. Therefore, healthcare providers are advised to consider the whole clinical picture of a brucellosis patient without relying solely on serological results during follow up and not replace culturing with serology testing alone at the time of diagnosis.