bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in nasal immunoglobulin A responses to influenza vaccine strains after live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) immunization in children
Authors: Turner P J , Abdulla A F , Cole M E , Javan R R , Gould V , O'Driscoll M E , Southern J , Zambon M , Miller E , Andrews N J , Höschler K , Tregoning J S 
Published: October 2019

Summary
Different vaccine strains included in the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) have variable efficacy. The reasons for this are not clear and may include differences in immunogenicity. We report a Phase IV open-label study on the immunogenicity of a single dose of quadrivalent LAIV (Fluenz™ Tetra) in children during the 2015/16 season, to investigate the antibody responses to different strains. Eligible children were enrolled to receive LAIV; nasal samples were collected before and approximately 4 weeks after immunization. There was a significant increase in nasal immunoglobulin (Ig)A to the H3N2, B/Victoria lineage (B/Brisbane) and B/Yamagata lineage (B/Phuket) components, but not to the H1N1 component. The fold change in nasal IgA response was inversely proportional to the baseline nasal IgA titre for H1N1, H3N2 and B/Brisbane. We investigated possible associations that may explain baseline nasal IgA, including age and prior vaccination status, but found different patterns for different antigens, suggesting that the response is multi-factorial. Overall, we observed differences in immune responses to different viral strains included in the vaccine; the reasons for this require further investigation.
The documented layer of children's rights in care order decision‐making
Authors: Hoikkala Susanna , Pösö Tarja 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe recognition of children as rights holders is a true challenge for any policy and practice that involves children, but it is even more so for making decisions about taking children into care. This article departs from the view that when children are perceived as bearers of rights, this should also be reflected in the institutional documents of decision‐making. That is why the documented layer of decisions about taking a child into care is examined here. The empirical data consist of documents of hearings (prehearing and hearing reports) in which children (33) are asked to give their view about a proposed care order and placement in Finland.The documented layers of involving children as rights holders are divided into two types: a minimalist type and a more individualised, thorough and detailed type. The former type represents children as rights holders in a routinised manner, whereas the latter one treats them in a particularised manner: how this particular child in this particular hearing received and gave information and on what grounds her/his view rested. As the documents may have some controversial implications, the recording of children as rights holders should not be treated as an isolated and technical issue.
Assessing effects of federal crop insurance supply on acreage and yield of specialty crops
Authors: Shi Jian , Wu JunJie , Olen Beau 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCrop insurance may affect harvested acreage and yield by influencing producers’ behavior such as land allocation and input use. Although specialty crops are a major source of farm income, especially on the U.S. west coast, they have not received as much attention as field crops in previous empirical studies. This paper assesses the effect of moral hazard and adverse selection associated with the federal crop insurance program (FCIP) on the acreage and yield of major specialty crops in California. An econometric method that expands the switching regression model is developed to assess the effect. Results suggest that federal crop insurance can change specialty crop growers’ production responses to climate and soil conditions. The moral hazard effect tends to increase the acreage and yield of the specialty crops, whereas the adverse selection effect tends to have the opposite effect. The overall effect of the FCIP on acreage and yield of specialty crops is found to be moderate.
MATN1‐AS1 promotes glioma progression by functioning as ceRNA of miR‐200b/c/429 to regulate CHD1 expression
Authors: Zhu Jun , Gu WeiTing , Yu Cai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) MATN1‐AS1 is a newfound lncRNA that has been rarely explored in cancers. Herein, we would like to investigate its role in glioma.Materials and methodsqRT‐PCR was conducted to examine gene expression in glioma. Then, MTT assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis were applied to evaluate the function of MATN1‐AS1 on glioma cells. Western blot was performed to measure the protein levels of genes. Besides, the luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull‐down assay, RIP assay and Spearman's correlation analysis were also performed as needed.ResultsFirstly, a data from TCGA showed that MATN1‐AS1 might be largely implicated in glioma. Meanwhile, MATN1‐AS1 upregulation confirmed in glioma predicted poor clinical outcomes. Functionally, MATN1‐AS1 knockdown restrained cell proliferation but stimulated apoptosis in vitro and repressed tumour growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigations validated that MATN1‐AS1 functioned as a ceRNA for miR‐200b/c/429 to upregulate CHD1 which was also verified to exert a growth‐promoting role in glioma cells here. Importantly, both CHD1 overexpression and miR‐200b/c/429 inhibition could rescue the obstructive role of MATN1‐AS1 silence in glioma cells.ConclusionsMATN1‐AS1 promotes glioma progression through regulating miR‐200b/c/429‐CHD1 axis, suggesting MATN1‐AS1 as a probable target for glioma treatment.
Use of Idarucizumab to reverse the anticoagulant effect of dabigatran in cardiac transplant surgery. A multicentric experience in Spain
Authors: Crespo‐Leiro Maria G. , López‐Vilella Raquel , López Granados Amador , Mirabet‐Pérez Sonia , Díez‐López Carles , Barge‐Caballero Eduardo , Segovia‐Cubero Javier , González‐Vilchez Francisco , Rangel‐Sousa Diego , Blasco‐Peiró Teresa , de la Fuente‐Galán Luis , Díaz‐Molina Beatriz , Zatarain‐Nicolás Eduardo , Carrasco Ávalos Francisco , Almenar‐Bonet Luis 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAnticoagulation in heart transplant (HT) recipients increases the risk of hemorrhagic complications, so correct reversal of anticoagulation is needed. Dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, is increasingly used for anticoagulation in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) whose effect can be reversed by idarucizumab.AimTo present a nationwide experience using idarucizumab for the urgent reversal of dabigatran before HT.MethodsMulticenter observational study in 12 Spanish centers to analyze the clinical outcomes after using idarucizumab before HT surgery.ResultsFifty‐three patients were included (81.1% male). 7.5% required re‐operation in the immediate postoperative period to control bleeding and 66% transfusion of blood products. Median length of stay in the intensive care unit was 6 days and total hospital stay 24 days. 30‐day survival was 92.4%. There were four deaths in the first month, all in the first 5 days post‐HT. Only in one patient (transplanted due to a congenital heart disease, after sternotomy) who had surgical problems and right ventricular failure post‐HT death was associated with bleeding.ConclusionsThese results may support the use of dabigatran as an alternative to vitamin K antagonists in patients listed for HT requiring anticoagulation due to NVAF. More studies are needed to reaffirm these observations.
Expanding transformative experience
Authors: Carel Havi , Kidd Ian James 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe develop a broader, more fine‐grained taxonomy of forms of transformative experience, inspired by the work of L. A. Paul. Our vulnerability to such experiences arises, we argue, due to the vulnerability, dependence, and affliction intrinsic to the human condition. We use this trio to distinguish a variety of positively, negatively, and ambivalently valenced forms of epistemically and/or personally transformative experiences. Moreover, we argue that many transformative experiences can arise gradually and cumulatively, unfolding over the course of longer periods of time.
Effect of a novel prime‐and‐rinse approach on short‐ and long‐term dentin bond strength of self‐etch adhesives
Authors: Li Mingxing , Xu Jingqiu , Zhang Ling , Wang Chaoyang , Jin Xiaoting , Hong Yan , Fu Baiping , Hannig Matthias 
Published: October 2019

This study investigated the effects of the prime‐and‐rinse approach, using a 10‐methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)‐containing primer, on the short‐ and long‐term dentin microtensile bond strengths (MTBSs) of mild self‐etch adhesives. Half of sixty human midcoronal dentin surfaces were polished as control (self‐etch approach), and the other half were polished and further treated with a 15% MDP‐containing primer and thoroughly sprayed with water as prime‐and‐rinse approach. The dentin surfaces were treated with a self‐etch adhesive, and a composite resin was placed on the surfaces. The following materials were used: Clearfil S3 Bond+Clearfil Majesty; G‐Bond+Gradia Direct; Adper Easy One+Z250; and i Bond+Charisma. The MTBS was examined after 24 h and 14 months in water storage. The resin–dentin interfaces were analysed using scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy. Pretreated dentin surfaces were further analysed using scanning electron microscopy and micro‐Raman spectroscopy. Compared with the self‐etch approach, the prime‐and‐rinse approach significantly increased the dentin MTBS, regardless of the duration of storage. The scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy findings revealed that the prime‐and‐rinse approach removed most of the dentin smear layer. The Raman spectra of the MDP‐treated dentin reveal the characteristic spectra of collagen, hydroxyapatite, and the monomer. Therefore, the prime‐and‐rinse approach using MDP‐containing primers prior to the application of mild self‐etch adhesives significantly increases the short‐ and long‐term MTBS of dentin.
Variable outcomes of hybridization between declining Alosa alosa and Alosa fallax
Authors: Taillebois Laura , Sabatino Stephen , Manicki Aurélie , Daverat Françoise , Nachón David José , Lepais Olivier 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHybridization dynamics between co‐occurring species in environments where human‐mediated changes take place are important to quantify for furthering our understanding of human impacts on species evolution and for informing management. The allis shad Alosa alosa (Linnaeus, 1758) and twaite shad Alosa fallax (Lacépède, 1803), two clupeids sister species, have been severely impacted by human activities across Europe. The shrinkage of A. alosa distribution range along with the decline of the remaining populations' abundance threatens its persistence. The main objective was to evaluate the extent of hybridization and introgression between those interacting species. We developed a set of 77 species‐specific SNP loci that allowed a better resolution than morphological traits as they enabled the detection of hybrids up to the third generation. Variable rates of contemporary hybridization and introgression patterns were detected in 12 studied sites across the French Atlantic coast. Mitochondrial markers revealed a cyto‐nuclear discordance almost invariably involving A. alosa individuals with an A. fallax mitochondrial DNA and provided evidence of historical asymmetric introgression. Overall, contemporary and historical introgression revealed by nuclear and mitochondrial markers strongly suggests that a transfer of genes occurs from A. fallax toward A. alosa genome since at least four generations. Moreover, the outcomes of introgression greatly depend on the catchments where local processes are thought to occur. Undoubtedly, interspecific interaction and gene flow should not be overlooked when considering the management of those species.
Response of foundation macrophytes to near‐natural simulated marine heatwaves
Authors: Saha Mahasweta , Barboza Francisco R. , Somerfield Paul J. , Al‐Janabi Balsam , Beck Miriam , Brakel Janina , Ito Maysa , Pansch Christian , Nascimento‐Schulze Jennifer C. , Jakobsson Thor Stina , Weinberger Florian , Sawall Yvonne 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMarine heatwaves have been observed worldwide and are expected to increase in both frequency and intensity due to climate change. Such events may cause ecosystem reconfigurations arising from species range contraction or redistribution, with ecological, economic and social implications. Macrophytes such as the brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus and the seagrass Zostera marina are foundation species in many coastal ecosystems of the temperate northern hemisphere. Hence, their response to extreme events can potentially determine the fate of associated ecosystems. Macrophyte functioning is intimately linked to the maintenance of photosynthesis, growth and reproduction, and resistance against pathogens, epibionts and grazers. We investigated morphological, physiological, pathological and chemical defence responses of western Baltic Sea F. vesiculosus and Z. marina populations to simulated near‐natural marine heatwaves. Along with (a) the control, which constituted no heatwave but natural stochastic temperature variability (0HW), two treatments were applied: (b) two late‐spring heatwaves (June, July) followed by a summer heatwave (August; 3HW) and (c) a summer heatwave only (1HW). The 3HW treatment was applied to test whether preconditioning events can modulate the potential sensitivity to the summer heatwave. Despite the variety of responses measured in both species, only Z. marina growth was impaired by the accumulative heat stress imposed by the 3HW treatment. Photosynthetic rate, however, remained high after the last heatwave indicating potential for recovery. Only epibacterial abundance was significantly affected in F. vesiculosus. Hence both macrophytes, and in particular F. vesiculosus, seem to be fairly tolerant to short‐term marine heatwaves at least at the intensities applied in this experiment (up to 5°C above mean temperature over a period of 9 days). This may partly be due to the fact that F. vesiculosus grows in a highly variable environment, and may have a high phenotypic plasticity.
Consequences of Groundwater‐Model Vertical Discretization in Risk‐Based Decision‐Making
Authors: White Jeremy T. , Knowling Matthew J. , Moore Catherine R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOne of the first and most important decisions facing practitioners when constructing a numerical groundwater model is vertical discretization. Several factors will influence this decision, such as the conceptual model of the system and hydrostratigraphy, data availability, resulting computational burden, and the purpose of the modeling analysis. Using a coarse vertical discretization is an attractive option for practitioners because it reduces data requirements and model construction efforts, can increase model stability, and can reduce computational demand. However, using a coarse vertical discretization as a form of model simplification is not without consequence; this may give rise to unwanted side‐effects such as biases in decision‐relevant simulated outputs. Given its foundational role in the modeled representation of the aquifer system, herein we investigate how vertical discretization may affect decision‐relevant simulated outputs using a paired complex‐simple model analysis. A Bayesian framework and decision analysis approach are adopted. Two case studies are considered, one of a synthetic, linked unsaturated‐zone/surface‐water/groundwater hydrologic model and one of a real‐world linked surface‐water/groundwater hydrologic‐nitrate transport model. With these models, we analyze decisions related to abstraction‐induced changes in ecologically important streamflow characteristics and differences in groundwater and surface‐water nitrate concentrations and mass loads following potential land‐use change. We show that for some decision‐relevant simulated outputs, coarse vertical discretization induces bias in important simulated outputs, and can lead to incorrect resource management action. For others, a coarse vertical discretization has little or no consequence for resource management decision‐making.
Effects of exercise in people with haemophilia: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses
Authors: Siqueira Thais Cristina , Dominski Fábio Hech , Andrade Alexandro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionThere is considerable evidence to indicate that exercise can have a positive impact on the treatment of people with haemophilia (PWH). However, there is a requirement for in‐depth and comprehensive studies.AimThis study aimed to analyse the evidence regarding the effects of exercise in PWH through an umbrella review of existing systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. The secondary objective was to analyse the quality of the evidence.MethodsThis umbrella review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was documented in the PROSPERO registry (CRD42019140785). We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases. The methodological quality of the systematic reviews was assessed using AMSTAR 2.ResultsOut of a total of 1030 systematic reviews, 10 fulfilled the criteria. Only one study was classified as high quality, and half of the selected studies were classified as low or critically low quality according to AMSTAR 2. Furthermore, most reviews investigated the effects of strength training and aquatic training, with positive results associated with low adverse events. Range of motion, strength and pain were the most investigated variables. All reviews showed overlapping studies.ConclusionExercise is an effective way to treat haemophilia and has a low incidence of related adverse events. However, caution is needed in the interpretation of the results due to half of the selected reviews showed low or critically low quality and only one have high quality.
Acid suppression therapy and its association with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis incidence: A systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Lin , Hou Lijun , Deng You , Zhao Tianming , Wang Bangmao , Sun Chao 
Published: October 2019

AimIt is well known that the use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is widespread in patients with liver cirrhosis. PPI counteracts H2 receptor inhibitor (H2RA) with its strong acid suppression effect. However, there is always a concern that PPI use may increase spontaneous bacteria peritonitis (SBP) development in cirrhotic patients. We aimed to investigate the association between acid suppression therapy (i.e. PPI or H2RA) and SBP through meta‐analysis.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and Embase for relevant studies published up to April 2019. Pooled OR and 95% CI were calculated by a random‐effects model. Funnel plots and Egger's tests were performed for the evaluation of publication bias. Non‐parametric “trim‐and‐fill” tests were conducted for sensitivity analysis.ResultsA total of 20 original articles including 9566 cirrhotic patients were analyzed. The overall meta‐analysis highlighted that PPI use was associated with the risk of SBP (pooled OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.49–2.11). The conclusion was irrespective of study methods, whereas the result was inconsistent only in South America. However, the conclusion might not be stable enough and should be extrapolated with caution. Unlike PPI, we found H2RA was not associated with SBP (pooled OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.75–1.48).ConclusionsIn conclusion, PPI use, but not H2RA, will increase the incidence of SBP in cirrhotic patients. In addition, H2RA might be beneficial for patients who require long‐term acid suppression therapy.
Patterns of comorbidity and sociodemographic and psychosocial correlates among people living with HIV in South Carolina, USA
Authors: Yang X , Li X , Qiao S 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesPrevention of comorbidity with HIV infection warrants more attention as people living with HIV (PLWH) tend to live longer in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study aimed to investigate the associations between various psychosocial variables and different comorbid conditions in South Carolina (SC), USA.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among PLWH from May to September 2018 in SC. Comorbid conditions were based on self‐report data and grouped into sexually transmitted infection (STI) comorbidities, noninfectious chronic comorbidities or any comorbidity. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyse the relevant associations.ResultsAmong 402 participants, the prevalence of STI comorbidities, noninfectious chronic comorbidities, and any comorbidity was 61.7%, 21.9% and 69.4%, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that higher depression scores were associated with an increased risk of any comorbidity, while higher anxiety scores were associated with an increased risk of STI comorbidities or any comorbidity. Higher resilience scores were associated with a decreased risk of noninfectious chronic comorbidities or any comorbidity.ConclusionsThe association between psychosocial factors and different types of comorbidity could inform holistic interventions, such as providing integrated mental health services (e.g. treating mental health problems or building resilience), to effectively cope with and manage the co‐existing medical conditions of PLWH.
Consumption as a social integration strategy in times of crisis: The case of vulnerable households
Authors: Arnal Sarasa María , de Castro Pericacho Carlos , Martín Martín María Paz 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, we focus on consumption in a context of economic hardship. From an empirical perspective, and using a qualitative methodology, we show how disadvantaged individuals and households maintain a level of consumption commensurate with the society in which they are integrated through a type of consumption conceived of here as “resilient”. Resilient consumption is characterized by being a type of expenditure oriented towards maintaining the role of consumer, that is, maintaining a minimum level of purchasing power, modifying to this end both the level and the structure of consumption, both of which are key elements in the resilience process. We identify five main strategies used by households that modify and restructure the consumption of basic goods and necessities in response to economic hardship. Key resilient consumption strategies include: reduction (cutting down on spending), substitution (replacement of one difficulty with another), compensation (pseudo‐consumption or reduced usage), transference (meta‐resilience) and integration (reinterpretation of difficulties as opportunities). We conclude that although consumption is a naturally resilient behaviour, in a crisis context, resilient practices focus on maintaining acquisition capacity in spite of reduced income.