bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-point source pollution comprehensive control in Tongchuan City
Authors: Yao Shuang , Zhao Liang , Zhou Jing , Zhou Xin , Zhou Weili 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With the development of economy and the change of life-style, non-point source pollution has become one of the key points of ecological environment regulation. In order to research how to control non-point source pollution according to the specific situation of towns, this paper selected Hongshi Town, Laohu Town and Xinxing Town of Tongchuan City in Shaanxi Province as the representative residential areas for analysis. In this paper, the present situation of non-point source pollution in the three towns were analyzed, and the regulation measures were put forward according to the specific situation of each town, such as laying sewage pipes or rain trenches, adding public toilets and garbage collection points. Through the comprehensive treatment of non-point source pollution, the ecological security of cities and towns has been guaranteed, the ecological balance of regions has been maintained, and a benign ecological security pattern is forming.
Study on Rural Ecological Environment Pollution and Environmental Protection Countermeasures Based on Air Pollution Index
Authors: Li Yun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
At present, China's rural economy is developing rapidly, followed by environmental issues that are of common concern to all. Reform and opening-up have brought vitality to rural township enterprises. At the same time, the development of township enterprises has also brought greater pressure to the rural ecological environment. The pollution load borne by the rural ecological environment has increased dramatically, resulting in increasingly prominent rural environmental problems. It not only seriously affects the health of the broad masses of peasants, but also affects social stability and restricts the sustainable development of the country. The increasingly prominent problems of rural ecological environment restrict the further development of China's rural economy. In the construction of a new socialist countryside today, to solve the problem of rural environmental pollution has become a top priority. With the rapid development of rural economy and society, the process of agricultural industrialization and urban-rural integration is accelerating. Based on the air pollution index, this paper analyzes the characteristics and causes of environmental pollution in the development of township enterprises and the Countermeasures for environmental protection.
The Study of Mathematical Model and Chemical Effect of Self-excited Cavitation Reactor on Degrading Antibiotics
Authors: Wang Jian , Li Dalin , Wei Chen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation is a promising technology in the degradation of the residual antibiotics which can exist in the environment for long periods as they are chemically stable. Varied methods for degrading antibiotics, bubble dynamics models coupled with chemical reactions, experiment setup and cavitation generators are evaluated. A novel self-excited cavitation reactor which can produce pulse and cavitation using the fluid characteristic is proposed. Compared with traditional hydrodynamic cavitation generator, the self-excited pulsed cavitation jet generator have longer hydraulic detention time, faster bubble collapse, more hydroxyl radical production, better treatment effect, and wider application prospects. Simple design, high energy efficiency and no secondary pollution contribute to the great potential of selfexcited cavitation reactor in wastewater treatment.
Study on the Change of Nitrite Content of Yutang Pickles under Different Storage Conditions
Authors: Wei Yin , Zhang Minghao , Gong Weilei , Zhang Kai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: To study the determination conditions of nitrite in pickles by spectrophotometry, select the best experimental conditions, determine the content of nitrite in pickles under different storage conditions, and find a better storage method for pickles. Methods: A certain amount of pickle was homogenized. Saturated boric acid and deionized water were added. The water bath was cooled to room temperature. Potassium ferrocyanide and zinc acetate were added and filtered to obtain a backup filtrate. The nitrite was used as a standard to determine the pickle sample solution at 538 nm. Absorptance at place. Results The nitrite concentration of the sun-dried sample: 1.8435 mg/kg dry; 0.3441 mg/kg with pickling solution; the nitrite concentration of the indoor light sample during the day: 0.5462 mg/kg dry; 0.2048 mg/kg with pickling solution; Nitrite concentration of samples in cabinets protected from light: dry 1.84 mg/kg; with pickling solution 1.2973 mg/kg; nitrite concentration of samples at high temperature (27 °C): 1.2973 mg/kg; room temperature (20 °C) samples Nitrate concentration: 0.7511 mg/kg; Nitrite concentration at low temperature (7 °C): 0.2048 mg/kg. Conclusion: The dry sample has a higher nitrite content than the pickled solution sample, the dark sample has a higher nitrite content than the strong light sample, and the high temperature sample has a higher nitrite content than the low temperature sample. Therefore, storage conditions such as pickling solution, proper light and low temperature are selected.
Study on the Difference of Transformation of Livestock and Poultry Feces by Black Soldier Fly
Authors: Xiao Yang , Geng Weina , Yang Yongkang , Wang Xiaobo , Xu Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this experiment, livestock and Poultry feces (chicken manure and pig manure) were mixed in different proportions, and cow dung and co-substrates (rice bran) were added in chicken manure and pig manure in different proportions, so as to analyze and study the transformation of livestock and poultry feces by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) under different treatments. The results showed that the conversion rate of chicken manure by BSFL was higher than that of pig manure, and the highest conversion rate of pure chicken manure was 15.31%. Adding cow dung to chicken manure and pig manure resulted in a significant decrease in the conversion rate of BSFL, and the addition of cow dung was not conducive to the conversion of mixed feces by BSFL. The transformation effect of BSFL on chicken manure, pig manure and cow manure is: chicken manure >pig manure >cow dung. The addition of rice bran can promote the transformation of chicken manure and pig manure by BSFL. When the proportion of adding is 15%, the conversion rate of BSFL is the highest, which is 19.74% and 19.25%, respectively.
Study on the Improvement Path of Water Environment Quality -- A Case Study of Tianjin
Authors: Yang Yuhong , Bao Jingling , Song Bingkui , Li Ran 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In recent years, although the water environment quality of Tianjin has improved, there are still some problems such as poor water environment quality, shortage of water resources and weak water ecological function. Based on the analysis of the current situation of water environment in Tianjin, this study analyzes the existing problems and puts forward the implementation path matrix of water environment protection, which can reduce water environment pollution.
Comparative Study on the Application Effect of Intelligent Evacuation System and Traditional Evacuation System in Road Tunnel
Authors: Cao Zhengmao , Liu Xiao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Numerical simulation was conducted to analyze the evacuation pattern of different crowds under the mixed behavior mode by using a renovated cellular automaton model. Research on intelligent evacuation system was based on the basic principle of safety evacuation, the installation location of intelligent evacuation direction system, the tunnel space structure and typical fire scenarios, with comprehensive consideration of factors such as path length, exit width, population density and distribution of evacuated people. The effects of visual induction, auditory induction and dual induction on the evacuation process of intelligent evacuation system were studied by changing the range of guidance signals to population evacuation, and a method for intelligent dynamic identification evacuation path based on multi-parameter was obtained. The results of the simulation show that the intelligent evacuation system can offer a dynamic evacuation route via the real-time control of the guidance signals, such as the sound and light indicators, and instruct the people under the fire to choose the most feasible behavior pattern so as to enhance the efficiency of evacuation. Under the different behavior patterns, it would be possible to effectively reduce the evacuation time via the dual induction mechanism of the sound and the light if a crowd manages to choose the appropriate number, location and direction of the induction signals, and enlarge the impact range of those signals. In addition, the evacuation efficiency can be expected to be raised by controlling the working status of induction signals to provide people with dynamic evacuation route based on the intelligent dynamic identification algorithm.
Strength Reduction Method Based Study on Tunnel Excavation Effect on Front Slope Stability
Authors: Mengjun Wu , Yang Xi , Hongyan Guo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
During tunnel excavation and support the stability of front slope is a prerequisite for safety tunnel construction. This paper covers strength reduction method based numerical simulation and observation of displacement and plastic zones in front slope soil using ANSYS finite element software to determine the sliding surface and failure mode of front slope soil. Analyses of calculation results show the effect of excavation on the sliding surface of front slope and the effect of support structure on plastic zone of front slope.
Study on Luminance in the Threshold Zone of Highway Tunnel
Authors: Chang Wenwei , Wang Zihao , Jing Bingyin , Ma Fei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Currently, highway tunnel development is on the upswing. As an important guarantee for traffic safety in highway tunnel, tunnel lighting has a short history of research. Since the 1960s when tunnel lighting began to become a subject of research, it was gradually and profoundly realized that lighting at the tunnel threshold zone was the focus of the entire tunnel lighting. This paper provides a review on past research into tunnel lighting and findings, and then introduces the latest theory and calculation methods regarding the luminance in the threshold zone of highway tunnel with a view to giving some valuable reference for engineering practice.
Study on Settlement Prediction of Soft Soil Subgrade Based on Grey Theory
Authors: Duan Jun , Mou Chunhai , Wang Zhongwei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The settlement of subgrade is one of the dominant diseases of road engineering in soft soil areas. The settlement prediction of soft soil subgrade is beneficial to improve the level of prevention and treatment of road engineering diseases in soft soil areas. This paper takes the settlement data of highway subgrade in a soft soil area, which is located at Yunnan Province, as the research object. The grey GM (1, 1) model of roadbed settlement is established, and the sinusoidal residual error corrects the calculation model. It is shown that the model has high accuracy by comparing the predicted data with the monitored data. The model can be applied to the settlement prediction of highway subgrade in soft soil area. It can provide the necessary theoretical basis for road maintenance and management, and ultimately realize the treatment of settlement disease in the highway roadbed.
Deformation characteristics of latticed diaphragm wall in revetment foundation trench for one immersed tunnel
Authors: Chen Xiaoqing , Ding Wenqi , Zhao Tianchi , Lu Xingbang , Wei Lixin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, based on the excavation of revetment foundation trench of an immersed tunnel project in Guangzhou, China, the influence of the insertion ratio of latticed diaphragm wall, the thickness of muddy layer under the bottom of foundation trench, the grading excavation of foundation trench and the construction of undercrossing shield tunnel are considered respectively, to study the deformation characteristics of diaphragm wall by three-dimensional numerical simulation. In addition, the finite element strength reduction method is used to analyse the stability of the latticed diaphragm wall. The results show that: the maximum lateral deformation of the latticed diaphragm wall decreases with the increase of the insertion ratio. When the insertion ratio rises to about 0.63, the lateral deformation will change slightly from then on; The increasing thickness of muddy layer has more and more influence on the lateral deformation of diaphragm wall; The deformation of diaphragm wall mainly comes from the excavation of foundation trench, and is very little affected by the excavation of the shield tunnel; Under actual working condition, the safety factor of diaphragm wall calculated by strength reduction method is about 4.1 also.
Study on the Aging Deterioration Curve of Tunnel Lining in Water Rich Area
Authors: Li Rihua , Gao Xinqiang , Kong Chao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the main influencing factors of tunnel lining deterioration are summarized, and the stability of surrounding rock, structural safety and the law of annual change of crack width under combined deterioration factors are analysed by numerical analysis method. The results show that the change of groundwater level has the most significant influence on the stability of surrounding rock. The rise of groundwater level makes tunnel appear obvious phenomenon of vault sinking and invert floating. When the water level has passed the vault, the lining structure has a significant reduction of safety factor and an increase of crack width. The deteriorated surrounding rock is prone to damage under the influence of groundwater, which directly shows an obvious expansion of plastic zone. The deterioration of lining material will not have a significant impact on the stability of surrounding rock and the structural safety factor. Among various deterioration factors, the position of wall feet on both sides and the invert are the most disadvantageous position in the tunnel. They are under high risk of cracks and seepage, which should be paid attention during the tunnel construction, operation and maintenance.
Research on Influence Zoning of Tunnel Side Crossing Existing Urban Roads Based on Ultimate shear strain Failure Criterion
Authors: Tian Mingjie , Zhang Daiqi , Qu Guiyang , Gao Lei , Li Yuqiong , Zhang Huijian , Qiu Wenge 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
At present, there are numerous examples of new tunnels crossing through existing urban roads. The stability of the new tunnel underneath the existing urban road is analyzed by strength reduction method. This thesis analyzes on the problems of the instability criterion of the different surrounding rocks at present, and the ultimate shear strain is selected as the criterion of instability of surrounding rock. By comparing the single tunnel with the adjacent system of the tunnel to the existing urban road, taking the difference of safety factor as the threshold value of the influence zone, the mechanical calculation models of different tunnels near the existing urban roads are established. Through the multi-factor analysis of the calculation results, the standard zoning diagram of the tunnels crossing the existing urban roads is obtained, which provides a reference for the similar projects in the future.
The Correlation Research on Reflection Characteristics of Road Tunnel’s Internal Surface & Lighting Quality
Authors: Wang Chao , Xia Yangyuyu , Liu Peng , Ma Fei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The internal wall and road surface of tunnel form the background of roadblock or vehicle together, and have a significant influence on the safety and comfort of tunnel lighting. In this paper, the optical simulation program is adopted to analyze the correlation between the reflectivity of tunnel wall and such illumination indexes as luminance and illuminance of road surface inside a tunnel, as well as the visibility of small target etc. It shows from the study that: (1) The reflectivity of wall on the luminance gain level of road surface is closely related to the luminous intensity distribution of lamps. (2) Under the circumstance that the luminous intensity distribution of lamps is consistent, the linear relations basically exist among the reflectivity of wall, the illuminance and luminance of road surface and the luminance of wall, while the maximum growth slopes are 11.29, 0.45 and 11.50 respectively. (3) The field of vision of driver can be significantly improved by a higher reflectivity of wall. (4) Compared with the three illumination modes, the visibility of small target under the pro-beam lighting is highest (the minimum visibility is 10, and the highest visibility can reach 11.6), while the visibility of small target under the counter-beam lighting is the second-highest and the visibility of small target under the symmetric lighting is most non-obvious.
Application of 3D Laser Scanning Technology for Shield Tunnel Inspection
Authors: Zhao Hailin , Huang Qiming , Wan Shifu , Qi Xingxin , Chen Yunjian , Qiu Wenge 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper describes the application of 3D laser scanning technology in shield tunnel inspection from the working mechanism. The point cloud data collection process, processing method and result analysis of the technology in shield tunnel inspection are introduced. Finally, combined with point cloud data obtained for dislocation and clearance inspection. The dislocation and clearance inspection are visually shown by the three - dimensional cloud chart. It shows that reliable inspection information can be obtained by using this technology, and has certain practical value for tunnel inspection.
Preparation and Evaluation of Composite Flame Retardant Asphalt in Tunnel
Authors: Pang Qi , Li Jun , Gao Lei , Sun Bo , Yao Shenglei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Asphalt pavement becomes more and more popular in tunnel engineering, while its flammability is a serious problem that limits its development. In order to obtain a flame retardant asphalt, orthogonal design was utilized to investigate the best flame retardant content of magnesium hydroxide (MH), phosphorus (P) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE). Limiting oxygen index (LOI), penetration, softening point and ductility tests were employed to evaluate the flame retardancy and pavement performance of asphalt. The results show that three kinds of flame retardants have positive influence on the low temperature performance and flame retardancy of SBS modified asphalt but not good for its high temperature performance. The best flame retardant content is determined as: 4% MH, 6% P and 8% DBDPE.
Dust Migration Law in Working Area of Large Cross-section Tunnel by Mining Method
Authors: Song Junxiu , Dong Changsong , Guo Chun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
At present, there is no pertinence in the law of dust migration in the tunnel construction by mining method, although there are abundant researches. This paper studies the Qintai Tiantaishan tunnel through field measurement and numerical simulation, and analyzes the dust migration law under the conditions of drilling, mucking and guniting for the working area. The results show that: (1) Under all working conditions, the dust concentration tends to decrease in the area along tunnel face. And the higher the dust concentration, the more significant the decreasing trend. (2) When the dust concentration is small, there will be fluctuation trend. What’s more, the smaller the dust concentration, the earlier the trend appears. (3) The dust concentration under all working conditions exceeds the specification limit. Among them, the dust concentration is the highest under the condition of mucking, the next under the condition of drilling, and the lowest under the condition of guniting.
Optimization of Jacking Sequence of Shallow-buried Pipes in Saturated Soft Soil
Authors: Chen Likang , Zhu Hehua , Cheng Panpan , Zhou Long 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to extend the method of undercutting to the construction of metro stations in soft soil, Shanghai takes a section of Guiqiao Road Station on Shanghai Metro Line 14 as trial engineering, and applies the pipe-roof method novelly to this engineering. Based on this project, the numerical simulation was used to optimize the construction sequence of pipe groups, with the purpose of reducing the disturbance to the soil stratum from pipe jacking. First of all, the stress release ratio, one of the most important parameters in the numerical model, was calibrated according to the on-site measured ground surface displacement, so that the established numerical model was validated. On this basis, a series of modellings with different jacking sequence were carried out and their disturbance degrees to the surrounding soil were comparatively analyzed. It shows that the construction sequence of the horizontal pipe groups is the decisive factor of the construction disturbance degree, and giving priority to lower pipes will reduce the ground deformation; and the less the number of steel pipes in the jacking construction, the smaller the deformation will be. Furthermore, the construction scheme of pipe groups was optimized, leading to reductions in the total and maximum surface deformation by 12% and 11.5% respectively. This study is of great significance for the further realization of micro-disturbance construction control when adopting pipe-roof method.
A Fast Image Dehazing Algorithm for Highway Tunnel Based on Artificial Multi-exposure Image Fusion
Authors: Li Wenfeng , Wei Hongyan , Qi Guanqiu , Ding Hao , Li Ke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Single image dehazing has been a challenging problem due to its ill-posed nature. This paper proposed a fast image dehazing algorithm for highway tunnel based on artificial multi-exposure image fusion. The original blurred images are transformed into under-exposed images using a series of gamma-correction operations. Meanwhile, a multi-exposure image fusion algorithm based on two-scale decomposition is proposed. It exploits the guided filter to separate each multi-exposure image into base and detail layers. The fused base and detail layers are integrated into the fused images. Then, a linear saturation adjustment method is utilized to enhance the saturation in spatial domain. Through the above image processing steps, the final haze-free images can be obtained. In this paper, the superiority of the proposed image dehazing algorithm based on artificial multi-exposure image fusion is demonstrated through theoretical analysis and experimental verification. It can quickly improve the visibility of foggy images, and make the processed images colorful and clear.
Monitoring and numerical simulation analysis of corrugated steel support in weak surrounding rock mountain tunnels
Authors: Liu Wentong , Wang Xiaoming , Jiang He , Ding Wenqi , Zhang Qingzhao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Monitoring is one of the three elements of the NATM, and it plays a guiding role in tunnel construction. At present, there are few engineering projects of using the new corrugated steel assembled structure as the initial support of the tunnel. It is of great practical significance to research its monitoring and measurement, and it can accumulate experience and provide references for the design of the initial support of the corrugated steel. In this paper, based on a weak surrounding rock mountain tunnel in Yunnan Province, which uses the corrugated steel structure as the initial support, through the analysis of the on-site monitoring data and the establishment of the corresponding finite element numerical model, it is found that the stress of the tunnel arch foot is relatively large. At the same time, the monitoring and numerical calculation of the tunnel convergence values are compared and verified, which proves the reliability of the monitoring and the calculation.