bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the Role of PALB2 Gene in CDH1-Negative Patients With Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
Authors: Carreño Marta , Pena-Couso Laura , Mercadillo Fátima , Perea José , Urioste Miguel 
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Not all patients with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) are found to carry germline pathogenic variants in the associated gene CDH1, which translates into a challenging clinical management and poor cancer prevention. Thus, several studies have searched for other candidate genes, among which stands PALB2. Our work explores the implication of this known cancer gene in HDGC.

METHODS:
We searched for germline PALB2 variants by Sanger sequencing in a series of 58 patients with HDGC who tested negative for CDH1 alterations.

RESULTS:
No clearly pathogenic variants in PALB2 were found in these patients. Only 5 rare genetic variants were identified, 3 of which were classified as variants of uncertain significance.

DISCUSSION:
Despite the promising association between PALB2 and HDGC suggested by certain works in the literature, our findings do not support PALB2 as a high predisposition gene for HDGC. Larger studies are needed to define its role in this disease and therefore improve cancer prevention.
FORMAT PEMILU SERENTAK PASCA PUTUSAN MK NO. 55/2019: Kajian dan Analisis Sosiologi Politik
Authors: Jurdi Syarifuddin 
Published: December 2020

In the practice of the Indonesian presidential system, the presidential elections held after the legislative elections do not strengthen the presidential system, checks and balances mechanism between the government and the People’s Representative Council have not run according to the mandate of the constitution yet. By using hermeneutic and verstehen approaches, as well as political sociology perspective, this paper considers that strengthen checks and balances mechanism between the government and People’s Representative Council is by carrying out regional and national simultaneous elections. The merging of legislative elections (People’s Representative Council and Regional representative Council) and presidential elections at national level also merging legislative and executive elections at regional level have several functions: first, the merging will result an effective and efficient governance in running the government; second, an easier and lighter electoral unification model, both for organizers in preparing stages of elections or for voters in channeling their voting rights; third, political issues that are programmed by candidate pairs and legislative candidates will be more focused and directed so that the public is clearer in determining their political choices. Dalam praktik sistem presidensial Indonesia, pemilu presiden yang diselenggarakan setelah pemilu legislatif tidak memperkuat sistem presidensial, mekanisme saling mengawasi (checks and balances) antara pemerintah dan DPR belum berjalan sesuai konstitusi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutik dan verstehen serta perspektif sosiologi politik dan kelembagaan, tulisan ini memandang bahwa memperkuat checks and balances antara pemerintah dan parlemen melalui penyelenggaraan pemilu serentak nasional dan lokal. Penggabungan pemilu legislatif (DPR dan DPD) dan pemilu presiden pada level nasional serta penggabungan pemilu legislatif (DPRD Provinsi dan DPRD kabupaten/kota) dan eksekutif (gubernur, bupati, walikota) pada level daerah menjadi pilihan; pertama, penyatuan tersebut akan menghasilkan pemerintahan yang efektif dan efisien dalam menjalankan kekuasaannya; kedua, model penyatuan level pemilu lebih mudah dan ringan, baik bagi penyelenggara dalam menyiapkan tahapan maupun bagi pemilih dalam menyalurkan hak pilihnya; ketiga, isu politik yang diprogramkan pasangan calon maupun calon legislatif akan lebih fokus dan terarah sehingga masyarakat lebih jelas dalam menentukan pilihan politiknya.
The Taming of Matter: Jalmari Finne and the Typewriter
Authors: Pulkkinen Veijo 
Published: December 2020

This article examines the role of the typewriter in the genetic process of the novel Vuosisatain vaatimus (1918) by the Finnish novelist Jalmari Finne (1874–1939). Finne is a rare example of an early twentieth-century author who mastered touch typing and composed directly on a typewriter. He claimed that he used the typewriter because it enabled him to keep up with his thinking, a claim that challenges Friedrich Kittler’s (1990, 193) thesis that the most remarkable feature of the typewriter is not its speed but its “spatially and discrete signs”. A genetic examination of Finne’s typescripts suggests that he had developed generative typing into a kind of “blind revision” in that he did not read and correct previous drafts but rather inserted a blank paper in the machine and typed an altogether new version of the text without copying the previous version.
The Influence of Countermovement Strategy and External Load on Amortization Forces During Jump Squats
Authors: Barker Leland , Siedlik Jake , Mercer John 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Barker, L, Siedlik, J, and Mercer, J. The influence of countermovement strategy and external load on amortization forces during jump squats. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 332–339, 2021—The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of countermovement strategy on amortization forces when performing jump squats. To gather a range of deceleration demands, jump squats were performed across a range of external loads (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60% of repetition maximum [1RM]) and verbally cued countermovement depths (preferred: PREF; quarter: QTR; and full: FULL). Dual force platform ground reaction force data were collected from 12 subjects. Amortization Fz, amortization time, and countermovement depth were analyzed using a 3 × 5 (technique × load) repeated measures analysis of variance. To assess countermovement strategy and amortization Fz, correlations and regression analysis were used to assess relationships among system mass, countermovement kinetic energy and depth, and amortization Fz. Amortization Fz was greater with QTR than PREF (p < 0.05), but similar between PREF and FULL (p > 0.05), and between QTR and FULL (p > 0.05). Amortization Fz was different between 0 and 15% 1RM (p < 0.05) and between 0 and 30% 1RM (p < 0.05). All loaded conditions (15–60% 1-RM) were similar (p > 0.05). As a group, countermovement kinetic energy and system mass were significantly, but weakly, correlated (r = 0.29, p < 0.01). Regression analysis revealed amortization Fz did not change in relation to countermovement kinetic energy but did change in relation to depth. These results suggest that preferred countermovement depths were associated with lesser amortization Fz (strain energy) during maximal effort unloaded and loaded countermovement jumps. Strength and conditioning professionals selecting exercises to maximize amortization Fz should consider the jump squat with light loads (or no load) and short countermovement depths.
Relationship Between Preseason Training Load, Match Performance, and Match Activities in Professional Rugby League
Authors: Crang Zachary L. , Hewitt Adam , Scott Tannath J. , Kelly Vincent G. , Johnston Rich D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Crang, ZL, Hewitt, A, Scott, TJ, Kelly, VG, and Johnston, RD. Relationship between pre-season training load, match performance and match activities in professional rugby league. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2581–2588, 2022—This study aimed to establish the relationship between preseason training loads, technical match performance, and physical match activities in rugby league. Twenty-two professional rugby league players (age: 24.7 ± 4.0 years; height: 184.3 ± 4.7 cm; and body mass: 101.1 ± 9.9 kg) participated in the study. Training loads and physical match activities were monitored using global positioning systems. Total distance (m), high-speed running distance (VT1IFT; distance covered above estimated first ventilatory threshold [≥68% of 30–15 intermittent fitness test]) and total session rating of perceived exertion from all field-based (32.5 ± 8.5) and gym-based sessions (39.1 ± 12.5) were used to quantify preseason loads. Physical match activities were measured as total and high-speed running distance relative to individual playing time, whereas technical match activities and performance scores were used to evaluate individual match performance. To examine the relationship between physical match activities, technical performance, and preseason load, Pearson's correlation coefficients were quantified for each in-season game before performing a Fisher Z Transformation. Preseason high-speed running distance was positively associated with high-speed match activities (r = 0.34–0.51), whereas negatively associated with technical performance scores (r = −0.51 to −0.35) and hit up m·min−1 of match-play (r = −0.30 to −0.17). It seems high speed running performed in the preseason period positively influences in-season physical match activity profiles, however, are unlikely to positively impact technical match performance.
Kinetic Chain Exercise Intervention Improved Spiking Consistency and Kinematics in Volleyball Players With Scapular Dyskinesis
Authors: Chang Chih-Chien , Chang Chia-Ming , Shih Yi-Fen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chang, C-C, Chang, C-M, and Shih, Y-F. Kinetic chain exercise intervention improved spiking consistency and kinematics in volleyball players with Scapular Dyskinesis. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2844–2852, 2022—Scapular dyskinesis (SD) is a common problem among volleyball players with chronic shoulder pain. This randomized controlled study examined the effectiveness of kinetic chain (KC) training on neuromuscular performance of the scapula and trunk during volleyball spikes. Forty volleyball players with SD and chronic shoulder pain received 4 weeks of KC training or the conventional shoulder exercise training (CT). Shoulder pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) every week. The kinematics and muscle activation of the shoulder and upper trunk, and proprioceptive feedback magnitude (PFM) for scapular movement consistency, were recorded at the maximum shoulder flexion (T1) and ball contact (T2) during spiking tasks. The two-way repeated measures analysis of variances was used to assess the between-group differences before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant time by group interaction for the upper trunk rotation (p < 0.001) and PFM (p = 0.03) at T2. The post-hoc test indicated that the KC group significantly increased contralateral rotation of the upper trunk (9.63 ± 4.19° vs. −4.25 ± 10.05°), and improved movement consistency (error: 8.88 ± 11.52° vs. 19.73 ± 12.79°) at T2 compared with the CT group. Significant time effects were also identified for VAS, scapular upward rotation (T1 and T2), upper trunk contralateral side-bending and PFM at T1, and upper trunk contralateral rotation at T2. In conclusion, both KC and CT training would relieve shoulder pain and improve scapular and trunk movement, whereas the KC program was more effective for increasing scapular movement consistency and upper trunk rotation during volleyball spikes.
ANALISIS TEKNIS MINI LINE HAULER YANG DIUJI-COBA PADA KAPAL PANCING ULUR TUNA BERBASIS DI PRIGI
Authors: Hargiyatno Ignatius Tri , Widodo Agustinus Anung , Wibowo Sandi 
Published: December 2020

Dalam rangka mengurangi isu resiko kelebihan beban dan kesehatan kerja serta penurunan mutu tuna hasil tangkapan pada perikanan deep hand line (dHL) tuna, maka Pusat Riset Perikanan telah melakukan ujicoba mini line hauler di Prigi tahun 2015. Pembuatan mini line hauler didahului dengan suatu kegiatan berupa analisis teknis untuk mendapatkan mini line haler yang cocok digunakan pada dHL dengan target tuna berbobot 100 kg. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara teknis mini line hauler yang cocok untuk perikanan dHL tuna yang berbasis di PPN. Prigi adalah yang menggunakan sistem hidraulik dengan kapasitas motor dan pompa hidraulik berkapasitas 1,62 HP dan 2,15 HP serta membutuhkan catu daya dari motor bakar atau motor listrik berkekuatan 4,23 HP.
Testing the white noise hypothesis in high-frequency housing returns of the United States
Authors: Tiwari Aviral Kumar , Gupta Rangan , Cunado Juncal , Sheng Xin 
Published: December 2020

Utilizing a daily dataset of aggregate housing market returns of the United States, we test whether housing market returns are white noise using the blockwise wild bootstrap in a rolling-window framework. We investigate the dynamic evolution of housing market efficiency and find that the white noise hypothesis is accepted in most windows associated with non-crisis periods. However, for some periods before the burst of the housing market bubbles, and during the subprime mortgage crisis, European sovereign debt crisis and the Brexit, the white noise hypothesis is rejected, indicating that the housing market is inefficient in periods of turbulence. Our results have important implications for economic agents.
Selection of the urine derivation method in patients with acute urinary retention before surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Gusev Denis O. , Adilov Allahverdi Dilan ogly , Pikalov Sergey M. , Zimichev Alexander A. 
Published: December 2020

Actuality. Nowadays it is necessary to recognize that the problem of acute urinary retention associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia is one of the most frequent causes of hospitalization into the urology hospital. A number of standard urine derivation techniques are used as a part of preoperative treatment.
The aim of the study is to optimize the choice of the preoperative bladder drainage.
Material and methods. The data of 280 patients hospitalized in the Urology Department of Samara City Clinical Hospital No. 8 over the period of 20122015 were studied to evaluate the results of acute urinary retention.
Results and conclusions. Retrospective pseudo-factor analysis allows to evaluate the effect of the bladder drainage method on the results of treatment of acute urinary retention in benign prostatic hyperplasia. The results can be used as the basis for a mathematical model which allows to predict the outcome of the treatment of acute urinary retention during surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Obtained data were used to develop recommendations on the methods of bladder drainage as a part of preoperative treatment in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Development of approaches to standardization of black walnut bark
Authors: Zimenkina Natalya I. , Kurkin Vladimir A. 
Published: December 2020

Significance. Black Walnut (Juglans nigra L.) is a species of trees of the Walnut family (Juglandaceae). This plant of the genus Walnut (Juglans L.) has not been sufficiently studied unlike other species e.g. Juglans regia L. This medicinal plant raw material is quite perspective, its preparations have antimicrobial, general tonic effect. We can use its leaves, unripe fruit, and the bark. However they are not widely used in medicine. In order to introduce the plants of the Walnut genus to the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (RF State Pharmacopoeia), it is necessary to conduct of pharmacognostic studies, to develop product specification file to confirm the identification and quality of medicinal plant raw materials.
The aim of this study is to develop a method of quantitative determination of flavonoids in the bark of the black walnut (Juglans nigra L.).
Materials and methods. Material of the study was black walnut bark, stocked during the sap flow period (April) in 2018. The bark was skived up to 15 cm long and 23 cm wide. The bark was air-dried with the protection from direct sun light. The end of the drying was checked by the brittleness of the bark.
Results. The methods of the quantitative determination of flavonoids in walnut bark has been developed. We used the differential spectrophotometry taking into consideration state standard sample of rutin at the analytical wavelength of 416 nm. The error of a single determination with a confidence level of 95% is 1.20%.
Conclusion. We used the developed technique and analyzed a number of samples of black walnut bark. The content of total flavonoids in the plant raw material is 5.13 0.02% (as calculated on rutin). The flavonoid content should be at least 4.0%.
Deep Clustering to Identify Sources of Urban Seismic Noise in Long Beach, California
Authors: Snover Dylan , Johnson Christopher W. , Bianco Michael J. , Gerstoft Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ambient seismic noise consists of emergent and impulsive signals generated by natural and anthropogenic sources. Developing techniques to identify specific cultural noise signals will benefit studies performing seismic imaging from continuous records. We examine spectrograms of urban cultural noise from a spatially dense seismic array located in Long Beach, California. The spectral features of the waveforms are used to develop a self-supervised clustering model for differentiating cultural noise into separable types of signals. We use 161 hr of seismic data from 5200 geophones that contain impulsive signals originating from human activity. The model uses convolutional autoencoders, a self-supervised machine-learning technique, to learn latent features from spectrograms produced from the data. The latent features are evaluated using a deep clustering algorithm to separate the noise signals into different classes. We evaluate the separation of data and analyze the classes to identify the likely sources of the signals present in the data. To interpret the model performance, we examine the time–frequency domain features of the signals and the spatiotemporal evolution observed for each class. We demonstrate that clustering using deep autoencoders is a useful approach to characterizing seismic noise and identifying novel signals in the data.
Possible Linkages between Microseisms in the Andaman-Nicobar Region and Swells in the South Indian Ocean
Authors: Reddy Telluri Ramakrushna , Dewangan Pawan , Bhaskaran Prasad Kumar , Roy Paresh Nath Singha 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMicroseism source characterization and its genesis play a key role in linking microseism records to prevailing atmospheric and oceanic conditions. In the present study, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of microseisms in the Andaman-Nicobar region using ocean-bottom seismometers and nearby continental stations data for the deployment period of January–April 2014. We attempted to establish a linkage between microseisms and ocean wave parameters derived from the ERA5 dataset. The short-period secondary microseisms (2–5 s) show a marked difference compared with long-period secondary microseisms (6–10 s) and are associated with local climatology and geomorphology. In contrast, long-period microseisms are related to distant sources in the South Indian Ocean. The primary microseisms (11–20 s) are weak in the Andaman region and do not correlate with any ocean wave parameters.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: Empirical evidence from India
Authors: Devi Shamurailatpam sofia , Devi Shamurailatpam sofia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract: India received, over the past two decades substantial amount of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the determinants of FDI inflows in India using time series data for the period 2001-02 to 2011-12. In the analysis, FDI inflows are modeled as a function of market size, total reserves, degree of openness for the host country, exchange rate and lastly expenditure of the central government on economic and social activities. The empirical study observed that market size and availability of foreign exchange reserves are the two main factors that determine the inflow of FDI over the study period. Despite the theoretically expected sign, estimated coefficient of the variable exchange rate bears a positive sign. And variables like Openness and the expenditure of the central government on social and economic activities do not explained the inflow of FDI during the period.Keywords: Exchange rate, Foreign Direct Investment, market size, total reserves.Â Â
The Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Stock Prices: An Empirical Analysis of Islamabad Stock Exchange
Authors: Rasool Nosheen , Hussain Muhammad Mubashir 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze long-run causal relationship between ISE (Islamabad Stock Exchange) and macroeconomic variables in Pakistan and also find out the direction of causality. The impact of macroeconomic variables on stock prices of ISE has not been previously discussed by the researchers. The monthly data from January 2001 to December 2010 was used in this study. The set of macroeconomic variables include Exchange Rate (ER), Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER), Industrial Production Index (IPI), Interest Rate (IR), Imports (M), Money Supply (MS), Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Exports (X). Descriptive statistics and Unit root test, Johansen Co-integration Technique and Granger Causality Technique were employed to analyze the long-run and causal relationship between the macroeconomic variables and stock prices.Â Â The results revealed that M showed positive and significant relationship but Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER) and Industrial Production Index (IPI) indicated positive and insignificant relationship with the stock prices. Exchange rate(ER), Money supply (MS) and Â Whole sale price index(WPI) showed negative but significant relationship while Interest Â rate (IR) and Export( X )indicated a negative and insignificant relationship with the stock prices. The findings of Granger Causality revealed that only exports showed a unidirectional causal relationship.Â
Cointegration among Equity Markets : A Study of Select South Asian Markets
Authors: Bhattacharya Nupur Gupta , Talwar Shalini , Sachdeva J K 
Published: December 2020

Â For the longest time the spotlight of study of co-movement between the markets was confined to the western markets and very few studies focused on Asian equity markets inter-linkages. The focus of research literature started shifting to Asia in the late 1990â€™s mainly on account of the South-East Asian crises in 1997-98.In Asia, apart from Japan and China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea India and Thailand, have attracted the interest of international investors. In this paper, the linkages between the movements of the equity markets of these six nations are studied by applying Johansenâ€™s Cointegration test and Vector Error Correction Method on the stock market data for a period spanning 2009 to 2013. The results obtained did not support a significant long run relationship among the chosen markets. In short run Singapore markets influenced Indian Markets negatively, Hong Kong Market was found to be influenced by Indian and Singapore market. Singapore market was found to be influenced by Indian market and its own lagged prices. South Korean markets were influenced in short term by Indian and Singapore markets. Thailand and Taiwanese markets were not influenced by any of these markets in short term.Â