bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etiology, Risk Factors, Mortality and Morbidity of Status Epilepticus in Children: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Vafaee-Shahi Mohammad , Soltanieh Elaheh , Saidi Hossein , Riahi Aina 
Published: December 2020

Background:Risk factors identification associated with status epilepticus is valuable in order to prevent morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed to consider the etiology, risk factors, morbidity and mortality in children with status epilepticus.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on 119 patients aged from one month old to 15 years old. Patients’ data were recorded, including basic demographic, etiology and clinical information. The different risk factors correlated to morbidity and mortality were evaluated in this study.Results:The most common etiologies were acute symptomatic and febrile status epilepticus by 32.8% and 22.7%, respectively. Abnormal brain imaging results were reported far more frequently in patients with a history of neurodevelopmental delay and previous status epilepticus (p<0.001). The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 18.9% and 10.9%, respectively; while these rates in patients with delayed development (45.16% and 18.42%, respectively) were significantly higher than patients with normal development (8% and 7.4%, respectively). The morbidity rates in patients with previous seizures and previous status epilepticus were remarkably higher than those without previous history of seizure (26.41% vs 11.32%; p=0.047) and without previous status epilepticus (36.36%versus14.28%; p=0.018). The length of hospital stay in patients with mortality was considerably longer than patients without mortality (12.30 ± 16.1 days vs 7.29 ± 6.24 days; p=0.033). The mortality rate in patients with normal Lumbar Puncture result was notably lower than those with abnormal LP result (2.9% vs 50%). The morbidity rate in patients with abnormal brain imaging results (p<0.001) was significantly greater than those in patients with normal results. The mortality rate was relatively higher in patients with abnormal imaging results compared to those normal results. Etiology was an important predictor of mortality and morbidity rates; acute symptomatic (32.8%), febrile status epilepticus (22.7%) and remote symptomatic (16.8%) etiologies were the most common underlying causes of S.E. While in children less than 3 years old, the acute symptomatic etiology and febrile status epilepticus etiologies were estimated as the most common, in most patients older than 3 years old the most common etiology of status epilepticus was unknown. Congenital brain defects etiology had the highest mortality (36.36%) and morbidity (42.85%) rate. The lowest morbidity (3.84%) and mortality (0%) rates were for patients with febrile status epilepticus etiology.Conclusion:Age, developmental delay, history of previous status epilepticus, the length of hospital stay, abnormal brain imaging results and the underlying etiology of status epilepticus were associated with increased morbidity and mortality among children with status epilepticus.
Effectuating Change: A Tool Box of Strategies for Reducing the Unnecessary Use of Administrative Court Orders
Authors: Runyon Sarah 
Published: December 2020

This article is a sequel to Correctional Afterthought, in which the author argued that Gladue’s promise of reducing Indigenous over-incarceration by employing non-custodial measures has been thwarted. By insisting on alternatives to incarceration, the justice system is forced to rely on administrative court orders managed by provincial probation services. The judiciary and justice system participants possess a misplaced faith in the probationary regime, which functions as a repressive system of control that necessarily views the Indigenous accused as a risk that must be managed. The most common probation conditions, far from fostering reintegration, serve to erode individual autonomy, engender mistrust, alienation, resentment, and resistance; in the end creating disunity and discord. The aim of Effectuating Change is to offer a sound proposal for legislative reform and in the interim, practical sentencing solutions to deliver the true intention of Gladue and its offspring. Regardless of whether the proposals in this article are vigorously critiqued, supported, denounced or modified the hope is that they create a springboard for creative solutions to the problems identified in Correctional Afterthought.
Especialización inteligente: una estrategia posible para Costa Rica
Authors: Cortés Muñoz Marianela , Barrantes Ramírez Cecilia , Marchena Bustos Marjorie , Halabi Guardia Karla , Sánchez Espinoza Sharlín 
Published: December 2020

La innovación es un factor estratégico del desarrollo económico, social y cultural del país que quiera alcanzar altos niveles de crecimiento y bienestar para su población.
El País Vasco hace más de 20 años viene gestando un modelo de innovación con actores del ecosistema mediante la Estrategia de Especialización Inteligente, que lo convierte en referente europeo y polo de innovación.
La puesta en marcha de estrategias “inteligentes”, conlleva agendas integradas de transformación económica territorial, apoyo político e inversiones para el desarrollo a través de centros tecnológicos, de investigación, unidades I+D, clústeres estratégicos y universidades como actores clave generadores de conocimiento
Материалы XIX Конгресса детских инфекционистов России. Актуальные вопросы инфекционной патологии и вакцинопрофилактики
Authors: Editorial Article 
Published: December 2020

Материалы XIX Конгресса детских инфекционистов России. Актуальные вопросы инфекционной патологии и вакцинопрофилактики.Москва, 17-19 декабря 2020 Г.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Puzzle Angka untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Lambang Bilangan
Authors: Asri Devi Ni Made Intan 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang berorientasi pada suatu produk yang dikembangkan. Rendahnya kemampuan anak usia dini dalam mengenal lambang bilangan serta meningkatkan minat belajar anak didalam kelas dengan berbantuan media pembelajaran, sehingga produk yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini berupa media pembelajaran puzzle angka. Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan suatu media pembelajaran puzzle angka untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal lambang bilangan terhadap siswa kelompok B serta untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan penggunaan media pembelajaran puzzle angka dari ahli desain media pembelajaran, ahli materi dan mendapat respon penggunaan produk dari guru kelompok B. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahapan, yaitu tahap Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation dan Evaluation. Penelitian ini melibatkan ahli materi dan ahli desain media pembelajaran sebagai validator. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah lima orang guru kelompok B. Hasil uji coba terhadap validator ahli materi dengan persentase skor 73,00% yang termasuk dalam kategori baik dengan keterangan layak. Validator ahli desain media pembelajaran dengan persentase skor 92,50% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik dengan keterangan sangat layak. Respon penggunaan produk dari lima orang guru kelompok B dengan persentase 90,80% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik dengan keterangan sangat layak. Berdasarkan hasil ujicoba tersebut dinyatakan bahwa media pembelajaran puzzle angka yang telah dikembangkan dapat digunakan di TK sebagai media pembelajaran, serta mempermudah belajar siswa dalam mengenal lambang bilangan.
Penerapan Metode Inkuiri Melalui Pemanfaatan Media Powerpoint Berbasis Mandiri untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Prestasi Belajar Biologi
Authors: Arimbawa I Gusti Putu Agung 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas metode inkuiri melalui pemanfaatan media pawerpoint berbasis mandiri terhadap meningkatkan motivasi dan Prestasi belajar biologi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research), dengan sampel penelitian seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA 3 yang berjumlah 26 orang. Data motivasi belajar dikumpulkan melalui angket motivasi belajar dengan menggunakan skala Likert (1-5) dan data prestasi belajar siswa dikumpulkan melalui tes prestasi belajar yang disusun dalam bentuk tes objektif dengan skala 100. Data yang telah terkumpul, kemudian dianalisis secara diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) terjadi peningkatan motivasi belajar Biologi siswa kelas XI. Rata-rata motivasi belajar Biologi siswa sebesar 80,15 dengan kategori tinggi pada siklus I, dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 85,85 dengan kategori sangat tinggi; 2) terjadi peningkatan prestasi belajar biologi siswa kelas XI IPA 3 tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 melalui implementasi metode inkuiri melalui pembuatan powerpoint). Rata-rata prestasi belajar biologi siswa sebesar 68,40 dengan kategori cukup pada siklus I, dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 89,00 dengan kategori sangat baik. Jadi, terdapat pengaruh metode inkuiri melalui pemanfaatan media pawerpoint berbasis mandiri terhadap meningkatkan motivasi dan Prestasi belajar biologi
American Pharmacists Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Medication Error Disclosure
Authors: Mazan Jennifer , Lett Margaret , Quiñones-Boex Ana 
Published: December 2020

Background: Patient safety places emphasis on full disclosure, transparency, and a commitment to prevent future errors. Studies addressing the disclosure of medication errors in the profession of pharmacy are lacking.
Objective: This study examined attitudes and behaviors of American pharmacists regarding medication errors and their disclosure to patients.
Methods: A 4-page questionnaire was mailed to a nationwide random sample of 2,002 pharmacists. It included items to assess pharmacists’ knowledge of and experience with medication errors and their disclosure. The data was collected over three months and analyzed using IBM SPSS 22.0. The study received IRB exempt status.
Results: The response rate was 12.6% (n = 252). The average pharmacist respondent was a 57-year old (+ 12.1 years), Caucasian (79.8%), male (59.9%), with a BS Pharmacy degree (73.8%), and licensed for 33 years (+ 12.8 years). Most respondents were employed in a hospital (26.4%) or community (31.0 %) setting and held staff (30.9%), manager (29.1%), or clinical staff (20.6%) positions. Respondents reported having been involved in a medication error as a patient (31.0%) or a pharmacist (95.5%). The data suggest that full disclosure is not being achieved by pharmacists. Significant differences in some attitudes and behaviors were uncovered when community pharmacists were compared to their hospital counterparts.
Conclusion: There is room for improvement regarding proper medication error disclosure by pharmacists.
Judge's Assessment of the Statement of a Witness Victim with Mental Retardation in a Rape Case
Authors: Wijayanti Astri 
Published: December 2020

Victim witness testimony in a trial has an important role in proving a case, in this case the judge uses the testimony of a witness with a mental retardation as evidence for witness testimony. Issues in writing this Journal are How is the judge's assessment of the witness testimony of victims of mental retardation in rape cases? and What principle should be considered by judges in evaluating the testimony of witnesses with mental retardation? This research uses an empirical and normative juridical approach. The results showed that the Judge's evaluation of the testimony of witnesses with mental retardation in a criminal case was essentially independent. Judges can use the testimony of witnesses with mental retardation as evidence of witness testimony by considering the results of research from psychiatric experts who can be academically accounted for to help witnesses with mental retardation to be able to provide information which of course can be verified, the judge can also use it as additional proof or as evidence of instructions if there is compatibility with other valid evidence. The principle that must be considered by judges in evaluating the testimony of witnesses with mental retardation is based on the principles of a fair trial, namely: equality before the law, trials open to the public and conducted orally, competent, independent and impartial courts. Suggestions conveyed by the author in this study Judges must be wise in using existing evidence, especially in cases that are difficult to prove.
Derecho a la educación superior en Latinoamérica y migraciones hacia las universidades estatales argentinas.
Authors: Gómez Sandra María 
Published: December 2020

En el presente artículo se comparten algunos análisis relativos a una investigación que se viene desarrollando desde el año 2018, sobre las experiencias de los jóvenes que han migrado de países latinoamericanos hacia Argentina para iniciar una carrera en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC).
En esta oportunidad se tematizan aspectos referidos al derecho a la educación superior en países latinoamericanos como Chile, Perú y Colombia y las diferencias en las políticas estatales para la cobertura de dicho derecho. Segundo, la relación entre educación superior y los movimientos migratorios que ello acarrea.
Si bien nuestra investigación hace foco en las experiencias de los estudiantes migrantes, no puede dejar de articularse con las condiciones objetivas estructurales vinculadas a las políticas educativas y migratorias que, en la actualidad, hacen que los jóvenes decidan migrar a países de la región para poder hacer sus estudios universitarios.
Interesa conocer aspectos de los procesos de inclusión de los migrantes en el nuevo espacio social. En la investigación se ha optado por un enfoque cualitativo, entrevistando de modo individual y grupal a jóvenes extranjeros que cursan en la Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Las interpretaciones han permitido reconocer experiencias en el país de acogida, distintos itinerarios en la nueva ciudad y en la universidad, transformaciones subjetivas y sociales que el proceso migratorio ha generado en estos jóvenes.
Letras que fogem e encontros que se fazem
Authors: Moreira Lopes Jader Janer 
Published: December 2020

O convite para escrever o prefácio da uma obra, em qualquer gênero textual, seja um livro ou uma revista como esta, é sempre um desafio, pois significa, além de mergulhar em intensas reflexões que qualquer escrita nos impõe, tecer várias indagações: por onde começar? Quais palavras serão escolhidas? Que caminhos trilhar? O que será escrito?
Essa situação se torna mais difícil quando se trata de um periódico situado em outro país e em outra língua, que mesmo próximos, pode nos dar a sensação de como as geografias que se forjam nas relações do mundo e no campo da linguagem são relevos irregulares a serem vividos e percorridos.
KEY FEATURES OF MANIFESTATION OF PHONETIC LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE IN MILITARY STUDENTS’ SPEECH IN ARTIFICIAL BILINGUALISM ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Самохина Ирина Анатольевна 
Published: December 2020

В статье описываются основные фонетико-фонологические проявления интерферирующего влияния русского языка в речи военнослужащих при изучении английского языка.
The article describes basic examples of phonetic and phonological interference of the Russian language in the speech of military students studying the English language.
ON THE CONTENT OF THE CONCEPT «LANGUAGE CONSCIOUSNESS»
Authors: Яковлев Андрей Александрович 
Published: December 2020

Предлагается интерпретация языкового сознания как психолингвистического понятия, которое показывает, каким образом внутренние (личностные) и внешние (социальные) условия функционирования языка как достояния человека связаны с изменением значений и личностных смыслов слов. Такая интерпретация языкового сознания позволяет объяснять выявляемые в психолингвистических экспериментах факты через их связи с культурными особенностями, с опытом людей как членов определенных социальных групп, с личностными смыслами, с общекультурными ценностями.
The paper discusses the interpretation of language consciousness as a psycholinguistic concept, which shows how the internal (personal) and external (social) conditions of language, as a person’s property, are associated with changes in the meanings and personal senses of words. This interpretation of language consciousness allows explaining the facts revealed in psycholinguistic experiments through their connections with cultural peculiarities, with the experience of people as members of certain social groups, with personal senses, and with general cultural values.
THE INNER IMAGE OF MODERN UNIVERSITY IN THE LANGUAGE CONSCIOUSNESS OF RUSSIAN STUDENTS
Authors: Таныгина Елена Александровна , Никитенкова Татьяна Сергеевна 
Published: December 2020

В статье приводятся результаты исследования с использованием ассоциативного эксперимента и семантического дифференциала, проведенного с целью выявления специфики образа современного университета в языковом сознании русскоязычных студентов.
The article presents an experimental study of the modern university inner image in the language consciousness of Russian students. Association experiment and semantic differential are used in order to study the students’ opinion about learning at university.
TRANSLINGUAL ASPECT OF CODE-SWITCHING IN BI-CULTURAL FICTIONAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Денисова Елена Александровна 
Published: December 2020

В настоящее время вопрос о кодовых переключениях в би-культуральном художественном тексте представляется достаточно узким, но актуальным, поскольку посредством данной языковой стратегии реализуется полиязычная компетенция писателя - билингва. Кодовые переключения используются мотивированно в качестве социолингвистического средства для достижения определённой цели, в данном случае при определённой теме общения, в качестве эмфатического средства, выполняя различные функции в тексте при смене адресата, составе участников коммуникативного акта, изменении роли самого говорящего, а также как переменная форма дискурса. В статье «переключение кода» рассматривается как особая коммуникативная стратегия в речи билингвов в художественном дискурсе би-культуральных писателей, использующих данную стратегию и как приём языковой игры, и как полноправное языковое явление.
The article focuses on the switches of codes as peculiar communicative strategy in the bilinguals’ speech in the literary discourse of bi-cultural writers using this strategy either the device of linguistic game or rightfull linguistic phenomenon.
AESTHETIC DOMINANTS AND THE STRATEGY OF LITERARY TRANSLATION
Authors: Леонтьева Ксения Ивановна 
Published: December 2020

Рассматриваются доминанты стратегии перевода, позволяющие реализовать в переводах категорию ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЕ, системообразующую в когнитивном акте поэзиса. Это принципы художественной целостности, гармонии формы и содержания, иконичности и отграниченности художественной модели мира, структурные принципы отождествления, со- и противопоставления, а также механизмы детализации, глоссализации и (де)автоматизации восприятия в основе приёма остранения.
The article outlines a set of aesthetic dominants constitutive of the cognitive act of poesis and thus fundamental to the translation strategy aimed at the category THE LITERARY. These are the principles of literary integrity, of form-content harmony, of the iconic and delimitated nature of the world model construed in the text and of structural equation, juxtaposition and opposition, as well as the cognitive mechanisms of specification, glossalization and perceptual (de)automaticity crucial to the estrangement technique.
ON THE PERIODIZATION OF TRANSLATION THEORIES
Authors: Фролов Валентин Игоревич 
Published: December 2020

В статье делается попытка составить периодизацию переводческих теорий и учений. Предварив свои размышления обзором уже имеющихся периодизаций, автор разделяет всю историю переводческой мысли на два периода - научный и донаучный. Затем внутри каждого из этих периодов выделяются этапы, каждый из которых знаменует собой не столько появление новой теории, сколько сдвиг в интерпретации исследуемого объекта.
The paper attempts to put forth a periodization of translation theories. The author starts with review of the existing chronologies and periodizations to proceed with the one of his own. On the first level all theories are divided in two periods that are prescientific and scientific with each of them being further divided into smaller periods according to the approach adopted towards the object of study.
ASSOCIATIVE BEHAVIOR OF MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF MEDICAL TERMS
Authors: Гордеева Людмила Константиновна 
Published: December 2020

Статья представляет собой изложение результатов предварительного эксперимента, связанного с изучением динамических аспектов ассоциативной структуры значения медицинских терминов в индивидуальном сознании студентов медицинского вуза с разной степенью сформированности профессиональных компетенций. Проведенный анализ данных психолингвистического эксперимента позволяет обнаружить закономерности в изменении ассоциативного пространства терминологической единицы в строящемся профессиональном сознании будущего медика.
The article shows the results of the preliminary experiment connected to the study of dynamic aspects of the associative structure of medical terms’ meaning in the individual consciousness of medical students with different degree of professional competence. Complex usage of the experiment’s data reveals the regularity in changing of the associative space of a term in the forming professional consciousness of a future doctor.
STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EXCURSION DISCOURSE (based on contact excursion)
Authors: Янсон Татьяна Александровна 
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются различные подходы к определению единиц экскурсионного дискурса и способов их реализации в речи. Предлагается описание модели экскурсионного дискурса на примере контактной экскурсии с точки зрения жанроведения и теории речевых актов, которые лежат в основе дискурс-анализа.
In the article different approaches to definition of the units of excursion discourse and of the means of their realization in speech are discussed. The article offers a description of the model of excursion discourse on the example of a contact excursion from the point of view of genre studies and the theory of speech acts, which are the basis of discourse analysis.
The contact ureterolithotripsy in treatment of ureterolythiasis
Authors: Vozianov О. S. 
Published: December 2020

Objective. Аnalysis of the treatment results in patients, suffering ureteric calculi, using the contact ureterolithotripsy procedure.
Маterials and methods. In 104 patients with ureteric calculi, in whom ureteroscopy with further laser contact ureterolithotripsy was conducted, symptoms of the disease were analyzed, as well as the diagnostic methods value, peculiarities and efficacy of surgical treatment.
Results. In all the patients endoscopic extraction of calculi have been succeeded. Calculus does not cause significant macroscopic changes in ureter, if symptoms, characteristic for ureterolithiasis, persists up to one week. Local edema is formed, if a calculus persists in ureter longer than a week. Long-term (more than two months) local ureteric persistence of calculi enhances the risk of its intramucosal intraureteric «ingrowth» greatly.
Conclusion. The contact ureterolithotripsy constitutes a highly effective and miniinvasive method of surgical intervention in ureterolithiasis, guaranteeing high level of postoperative “stone free rate”. Prolongation of the calculi ureteric insertion time without a process of a stone discharge causes the ureteric wall changes, complicating performance of miniinvasive interventions (the contact ureterolithotripsy and a distant shock-wave lithotripsy).