bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hematological and antioxidants responses of dairy cow fed with a combination of feed and duckweed (Lemna minor) as a mixture for improving milk biosynthesis
Authors: Tanuwiria Ujang Hidayat , Andi Mushawwir  
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Tanuwiria UH, Mushawwir A. 2020. Hematological and antioxidants responses of dairy cows fed with a combination of feed and duckweed (Lemna minor) as a mixture for improving performance. Biodiversitas 21: 4741-4746. A total of twenty-five, 5-7th-lactation-old or 7-8thyears-old dairy cows were used in the current study to study the effect of feed duckweed (Lemna minor) on the hematological status and parameters related antioxidant in the dairy cow. Each group of treatment involved 5 replicates with a dairy cow each (5 dairy cows per group). All of the group was provided ration following F0 = Uncultivated grass (UG) 60% and supplemented concentrated (C) 40%; F1 = UG 50%+fresh duckweed 10%+C 40%; F2 = UG 60%+fresh duckweed 3%+C 37%; F3 = UG 50%+fresh duckweed 10%+dried duckweed 3%+C 37%; F4 = UG 45%+fresh duckweed 15%+dried duckweed 2%+C 38%. Blood samples were collected from each dairy cow monthly beginning at the first month of this experiment, from the tail vein (vena coccygeal), using a sterilized syringe and vacuum tube containing K3EDTA. Hematological parameters were analyzed by a hematology analyzer. The blood samples collected were also centrifuged to separate the plasma. The plasma was used to determine of concentration of parameters related to antioxidant by an automatic biochemical analyzer, using a commercial kit. All procedure of the analysis was following based on the Biolabo kit (Franch) and Randox kit (UK). Based on in this current study showed that increased hematological condition and antioxidants profile in dairy cow supplemented duckweed . Supplemented duckweed can be improved physiological condition (hematologic and antioxidants) in the dairy cow.
Pharmacognostic, chemical and mucolytic activity study of Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel. and Malva sylvestris L. (Malvaceae) leaf extracts, grown in Ecuador
Authors: Miranda-Martínez Migdalia , SARMIENTO-TOMALÁ GLENDA MARCELA , CHÓEZ-GUARANDA IVÁN ANDRÉS , GUTIÉRREZ-GAITÉN YAMILET IRENE , DELGADO-HERNÁNDEZ RENÉ , CARRILLO-LAVID GABRIELA 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Sarmiento-Tomalá GM, Miranda-Martínez M, Chóez-Guaranda IA, Gutiérrez-Gaitén YI, Delgado-Hernández R, Carrillo-Lavid G. 2020. Pharmacognostic, chemical and mucolytic activity study of Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel. and Malva sylvestris L. (Malvaceae) leaf extracts, grown in Ecuador. Biodiversitas 21: 4755-4763. Among the cultivated and/or native plant species of Ecuador, are those belonging to Malvaceae. Of these, the most traditionally used are Malva pseudolavatera Webb & Berthel. and Malva sylvestris L., which are grown and sold in indigenous markets. Various articles have been published for M. sylvestris about its chemical composition and pharmacological properties; however, M. pseudolavatera lacks references and is the most commercialized in Ecuador. Therefore, this work sets the following objective: To carry out a comparative study of the pharmacognostic, chemical and mucolytic activity of the species M. pseudolavatera and M. sylvestris. The species studied were collected in the province of Chimborazo. Extracts were obtained with different solvents: water, hexane and 80% ethanol. The aqueous extract was used to determine the mucolytic activity; the hexane and alcoholic extracts were analyzed by the coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system. It was found that M. pseudolavatera has a very similar chemical composition to M. sylvestris; The presence of fatty acids, di and triterpenoids, phytosterols and abundant amino acids was detected. Both species showed an important mucolytic effect, the activity of M. pseudolavatera being higher than the highest doses tested. These studies provide scientific data that allow demonstrating the high potentiality of extracts from the leaves of two Malva species as sources of plant material for possible research and development of phytotherapeutic products with mucolytic and gastroprotective activity in correspondence with their uses in traditional Ecuadorian herbal medicine.
Community structure of arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in three different rice planting indexes in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Karenina Tili , Herlinda Siti , Irsan Chandra , Pujiastuti Yulia , Hasbi Hasbi , Suparman Suparman , Lakitan Benyamin , Hamidson Harman , Umayah Abu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Karenina T, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y, Hasbi, Suparman, Lakitan B, Hamidson H, Umayah A. 2020. Community structure of arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in three different rice planting indexes in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4839-4849. Differences in the index of rice planting can cause differences in the structure of the arthropod community. This study aimed to characterize the community structure of the arboreal and soil-dwelling arthropods in the three different rice planting indexes (PI) in the freshwater swamps of South Sumatra. Sampling of the arthropods using D-vac and pitfall traps was conducted in the three different rice planting, namely one (PI-100), two (PI-200), and three (PI-300) planting indexes of the rice. The results of the study showed that the dominant predatory arthropod species in the rice fields were Pardosa pseudoannulata, Tetragnatha javana, Tetragnatha virescens, Pheropsophus occipitalis, Paederus fuscipes, and the dominant herbivorous insects were Leptocorisa acuta, Nilavarpata lugens, and Sogatella furcifera. The abundance of arboreal predatory arthropods was the highest in the PI-300 rice and the lowest in the PI-100 rice. The abundance of soil-dwelling arthropods was the highest in the rice PI-100, and low in the rice PI-200 and PI-300, but the rice PI-100 had the highest abundance of the herbivorous insects. The rice PI-300 was the most ideal habitats to maintain the abundance and the species diversity of the arboreal predatory arthropods. Thus, the rice cultivation throughout the year was profitable in conserving and maintaining the abundance and species diversity of the predatory arthropods.
Characterization of BSL6 isolates isolated from honeybee hive and to determine its antibacterial activity
Authors: Fitri Lenni , YASMIN YEKKI , FAUZIAH FAUZIAH , SEPTIANI DWI ANDRI , SUHARTONO SUHARTONO 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Fitri L, Yasmin Y, Fauziah, Septiani DA, Suhartono. 2020. Characterization of BSL6 isolates isolated from honeybee hive and to determine its antibacterial activity. Biodiversitas 21: 4859-4865. This study was aimed to characterize BSL6 isolate of bacteria isolated from honeybee hive, and to determine its antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of BSL6 isolate was determined against S. aureus, and content of secondary metabolic compounds was also determined. Characterization was conducted in this study on the basis of morphological observations, physiological tests, and 16S rDNA. The method used in determining MIC value was completely randomized design (CRD) then analyzed by ANOVA test using SPSS application and followed by Tukey test. The analysis conducted to determine the content of secondary metabolites was descriptive type. The results showed that BSL6 isolate morphologically and physiologically belonged to the genus Bacillus, and 16S rDNA test results showed that the isolate had the highest similarity with Bacillus siamensis strain 64X-5. BSL6 isolate was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus with inhibition zone diameter of 17.87 mm. MIC value of BSL6 against S. aureus was at a concentration of 12.5%. The content of secondary metabolite compounds from BSL6 extract was saponins.
The chlorophyll contents and growth performances of West Java (Indonesia) jobtears (Coix lacryma-jobi) accessions under low light intensity conditions
Authors: Juhaeti Titi , SETYOWATI NINIK , SYARIF FAUZIA 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Juhaeti T, Setyowati N, Syarif F. 2020. The chlorophyll contents and growth performances of West Java (Indonesia) jobtears (Coix lacryma-jobi) accessions under low light intensity conditions. Biodiversitas 21: 5178-5185. The research was carried out to study the shading tolerance of five jobtears (Coix lacryma-jobi L) accession collected from Bandung, Kuningan, Garut, Sukabumi, and Sumedang West Java Indonesia. The existence of shade-tolerant jobtears was important to increasing its cultivation for food diversification effort. The research was conducted in the Botany Division, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors. The first factors were 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% shading intensity. The second factors were five West Java jobtears accession, namely Bandung, Kuningan, Garut, Sukabumi, and Sumedang accession. The shading intensity set up artificially by the black plastic net. Jobtears seeds planted on planting beds on 70x100 planting distance. The variable observed included microclimate, plant growth, leaf chlorophyll content, and grain production. The result indicated that jobtears accession showed differences in growth and production characters. Low light intensity significantly affected plant growth and production. The plant height, leaf number, and chlorophyll content variables increased until 50% shading intensity and then decreased by 75% shading. Plant production decreased by the increased of shading intensity. The Bandung and Garut accessions can be determined as a potential low-light tolerant accession due to its better growth and production compared with others and the lowest percentage of decreased production. For further research, the Garut and Bandung accession can be used as a genetic biodiversity source for shading tolerance breeding efforts.
Educação de, por e para a democracia: a relação meio-fim na filosofia de John Dewey.
Authors: Mercau Horacio Héctor 
Published: November 2020

La intensión del presente trabajo es la de explorar la relación medios-fines exponiendo que la misma se presenta en la obra de John Dewey como camino y horizonte coherente y consistente de su propuesta filosófica y educativa. La relación medios-fines dirige la investigación llevándonos a una comprensión del conocimiento como practica evaluativa y transformadora. Esta concepción epistemológica sienta las bases para repensar la educación y la democracia y brinda elementos suficientes para superar las dicotomías pensamiento - emoción, hechos - valores y sociedad-individuo. El método utilizado es la investigación. La educación y la democracia son los espacios en los cuales la relación medios-fines, ya sea en su fase natural o adaptativa, ya sea en su fase moral o critica, ya sea en su fase social o publica, encuentra unidad y continuidad. En la educación de, por y para la democracia la inteligencia y la actividad se interrelacionan mutuamente.
Analisis Penggunaan Noni dan Nagaramo Dalam Kalimat Bahasa Jepang: Kajian Semantik
Authors: Harahap Putri Bintang Pratiwi , Sutedi Dedi , Widianti Susi 
Published: November 2020

This research is a semantic study focusing on the use of keredemo and nagaromo in Japanese. The purpose of this study is to find out how keredemo and nagaramo are used in Japanese and also to find out the differences and similarities contained in keredemo and nagaramo in Japanese. keredemo and nagaramo are one of the learning materials at Bachelor degree. Based on the type of research (qualitative) and the topic raised by the author, descriptive analysis methods are considered appropriate to describe problem. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that setsuzokujoshi keredomo and nagaramo have almost the same function. Keredomo and Nagaramo basically have the same meaning that is equally meaningful though / but. the meaning of setsuzokujoshi keredemo shows several functions, which are used for meaningful sentences that are unexpected, contrary to reality, comparison, expressing opinions, expressing feelings of disappointment, keredomo functions are almost the same as nagaramo. setsuzokujoshi nagaramo can also be used in meaningful sentences that are unexpected, contrary to reality, and express feelings of disappointment but the difference between nagaramo and keredemo is nagaramo is usually used to express the feelings of others, relatives or closest people, nagaramo also cannot be used to comparison, because nagaramo is not usually for equivalent compound sentences.
Penembakan Terduga Terorisme
Authors: Nurhalimah Siti 
Published: November 2020

Abstract:Terrorism is an extraordinary crime that threatens security and state sovereignty. Therefore, prevention must be carried out with an extraordinary legal basis. The debate that occurred was the policy of firing on the spot against suspected perpetrators of terrorism. So that the process of law enforcement and verification has not yet been carried out, because the perpetrators had been shot dead during the arrest by the police. This is the focus of the discussion in this simple article.Keywords: Terrorism, Extraordinary Crime, Shoot Dead Abstrak:Terorisme merupakan kejahatan luarbiasa yang mengancam stabilitas keamanan dan kedaulatan negara. Karenanya, pencegahan yang dilakukan harus dengan payung hukum yang luar biasa pula. Perdebatan yang terjadi adalah kebijakan melakukan tembak di tempat terhadap pelaku yang masih terduga terorisme. Sehingga proses penegakan hukum dan pembuktian belum sempat dijalankan, karena pelaku sudah mengalami tembak mati saat penangkapan oleh pihak kepolisian. Hal inilah yang menjadi fokus bahasan dalam artikel sederhana ini. Kata Kunci: Terorisme, Kejahatan Luar Biasa, Tembak Mati
Kafa’ah among the Hadrami Arabs in the Malay World (Anthropology of Law Approach)
Authors: Subchi Imam 
Published: November 2020

This article explores how Hadrami Arabs have been maintaining the law of kafa’ah marriage or endogamy marriage in the Malay world—in this instance Indonesia and Malaysia and, to some extent, Singapore—from the early 1990s to the present. Arabs, mostly of Hadrami descent, are carrying their traditions everywhere in their diaspora. Moreover, those traditions are related to the Islamic law of endogamy marriage. This study employs a qualitative research method. Library research is used in collecting data, published or unpublished documents. Data sources are done with a web search using the following databases: Google Scholar, Ebsco-host, Research gate, Sage Journal, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and others. The results and discussion of the research explain that the process of the establishment of the tradition of endogamy marriage has begun since their existence in Hadramaut to preserve offspring, because they became the target of the murder of the Umayyad dynasty. In Hadramaut, they established Naqabah Asyraf Kubra, which served to record the genealogy and maintain the Syarifah ((female descendants of Prophet Muhammad) in order to obey the law of endogamy marriage. On the other hand, this paper will also examine issues related to the existence of the Arab’s community diaspora in the state order in the legal perspective reviewed from the guarantee of its legal certainty. The conclusion in this study is that in the end the issue of Syarifah marriage with this akhwal depends very much on the perspective of the community either from Alawiyyin group or not. Rigid attitudes towards traditions supported by religious propositions will still be able to preserve this. However, how big is the tradition of the law of endogamy marriage able to withstand the onslaught of globalization and modernization that continues to run, because some Syarifah groups question and even break out of or disobey this tradition.
A Method for Predicting Results of Humidity Tests
Authors: Harris Alan 
Published: November 2020

The paper outlines a method for predicting the results of humidity tests applied to electronic equipments. It is based on a theory of vapor entry into parts to cause failure. Depending on the packaging, the entry mechanism and the test conditions, the rate of vapor entry can be calculated and a severity factor can be estimated for different test levels.
If a base level is set at about 25°C (77°F) and 50% RH, a base failure rate can be derived for each part from the dormant or storage failure rates, which are well established.
The expected failure rate under the test is derived from the base failure rate and the acceleration factor for each part in an equipment or unit to calculate a total failure rate. With the total failure rate and the test exposure time, the basic reliability equation can be used to calculate the probability of passing or failing the test. The method provides an estimate of the probability similar in principle and with an accuracy comparable to the reliability prediction methods of MIL-HDBKD-217. Examples of prediction and references are given.
Agricultural Chemicals in Ground Water: Suggestions for The Environmental Protection Agency Strategy
Authors: Shields Dennis 
Published: November 2020

Ground water, a hidden resource whose volume is over 50 times that of the nation's surface water, was once thought to remain forever pure. People had little reason not to believe that the soil would naturally purify water returning to an aquifer. It was not until the late 1970s when the Love Canal and Times Beach incidences redirected public opinion and touched off a nationwide concern for the protection of ground water.
In August 1984, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a Ground Water Protection Strategy to "provide a common reference for responsible institutions as they work toward the shared goal of preserving, for current and future generations, clean ground water for drinking and other uses, while protecting the public health of citizens who may be exposed to the effects of past contamination."1 More specifically, "EPA will increase efforts to protect ground water from pesticide and nitrate contamination."
In response, the EPA's Office of Pesticide Protection reviewed existing information on the extent and causes of pesticide contamination, its potential health hazards, existing statutory authorities, and programs available to aid state policy makers. An increased interest in solving problems associated with pesticides in ground water has resulted in the EPA's current development of a national strategy on Agricultural Chemicals in Ground Water. This strategy will outline the EPA's general course of action in addressing the problem of pesticides in ground water during the next 5 to 10 yr. The purpose of this report is to provide EPA with suggestions to be considered in the formulation of the strategy.
Stress Screening of Electronic Modules: An Investigation of the Effects of Temperature Rate of Change
Authors: Kallis James , Hammond William , Curry Edwin 
Published: November 2020

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature rate of change on the environmental stress screening (ESS) of printed wiring assemblies (PWA). The related effects of chamber air velocity and temperature dwell time on module temperature response also were evaluated.
Tests were conducted to investigate the effects of varying thermal cycling parameter levels. The effects of various chamber air temperature rates of change and velocity levels on the temperature responses of two vastly different PWAs were measured. A thermal cycling analysis of a PWA of the same construction as one of the two PWAs tested in the present investigation also was performed. Results from a portion of the test were compared with the analytical predictions.
Las Transiciones de U.C.D. Triunfo y desbandada del centrismo (1978-1983)
Authors: Canales Aliende José Manuel 
Published: November 2020

La publicación antedicha y que comento en las líneas siguientes es la continuación o bien la segunda parte de la precedente del mismo autor titulada "Memorial de Transiciones (1939-1978). La generación de 1978 " [1]
Esta obra, sugerida al autor, como éste confiesa, por el prestigioso historiador SANTOS JULIA, es ante todo una autobiografía y no un tratado o manual de historia o una novela histórica, ni lo pretende.

[1] ORTEGA DIAZ-AMBRONA, Juan Antonio (2015). Memorial de Transiciones(1939-1978). La generación del 1978. Barcelona: Galaxia Gutenberg. S.L.
Prediction of outcomes in acute exacerbation of COPD with DECAF score and BAP 65 score in a rural population
Authors: Manchu Deepthi , S. V. Srinivasa , Reddy N. Vishwanath , Prasad V. Jaya , N. Prasanna Kumar , B. S. Phaneesh Bharadwaj , A. G. Manoj , Subbarao K. Venkata 
Published: November 2020

Background: Prognostic research in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requiring hospitalization has been limited and there appears to be little common ground between predictors of mortality in stable disease and during AECOPD. Furthermore, none of the prognostic tools developed in stable disease have been tested on hospitalised patients, and most require clinical measurements not routinely available at hospital admission. This study intends to test dyspnoea, eosinopenia, consolidation, acidemia, and atrial fibrillation (DECAF) and biological assessment profile (BAP) 65 Scores on Indian patients in a tertiary care set up and validate the same to be used as a routine and effective score in predicting the outcome in AECOPD. Methods: Hospital based prospective observational study was carried out in 100 patients with AECOPD who was present to general medicine. DECAF and BAP-65 Scores were calculated. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22 version software.Results: In our study both DECAF score and BAP‑65 score performed equally well for prediction of need for Mechanical Ventilation. The AUROC for need for Mechanical Ventilation was 0.77 (95% CI=0.67–0.84) for DECAF score and 0.77 (95% CI=0.67–0.85) for BAP‑65 score. The AUROC for prediction of mortality for DECAF score was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.74–0.89) and for BAP‑65 score was 0.79 (95% CI=0.69–0.86).Conclusions: DECAF and BAP-65 are good and also equal in predicting mortality as well as need for mechanical ventilation. Both scores can be easily applicable in AECOPD patients, so that death during hospitalization for AECOPD and need for mechanical ventilation can be minimized.