bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“I really like playing games together”: Understanding what influences children with congenital heart disease to participate in physical activity
Authors: Blais Angelica Z. , Lougheed Jane , Yaraskavitch Jenna , Adamo Kristi B. , Longmuir Patricia E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundParticipation in physical activity is essential to the long‐term health and development of all children. However, children living with cardiac conditions are typically not active enough to sustain positive health outcomes. Understanding the experiences of children living with congenital heart disease in community‐based settings could help inform the physical activity counselling practices of clinicians. The current study explored the perceptions of 7‐ to 10‐year‐old children with moderate or complex congenital heart disease as they participated in a 10‐week multisport programme.MethodsDetailed field notes recorded the discussions and behaviours of 11 participants (45% female participants) each week during the programme sessions. Among those, four participants (50% female participants) were purposively selected to participate in preprogramme and postprogramme focus groups to gather more detailed accounts of their experiences.ResultsFour main themes surrounding physical activity were identified: (a) motivation, (b) self‐efficacy, (c) peer influences, and (d) family influences. Although feelings of excitement and enjoyment towards physical activity were prevalent throughout the data (“I'm really excited … because I really like those sports”), participants also often felt frustrated, nervous, and fatigued (“I'm not very good at the skills”). Social inclusion with peers and family influences were meaningful reasons to engage in physical activity (“I really like playing games together”). Following the completion of the programme, participants emphasized their enjoyment of physical activity as a primary source of motivation, demonstrating an important shift from recognizing positive health outcomes ( “… it's good for you”) towards more intrinsic sources of motivation (“… because it's fun”).ConclusionOpportunities for physical activity that enhance positive experiences and build intrinsic motivation should be identified and promoted to children with congenital heart disease. Community‐based programmes may also be an appropriate context for children with cardiac conditions to engage and maintain participation in physical activity through adolescence.
Anastomotic leak after surgery for colon cancer and effect on long‐term survival
Authors: Stormark K. , Krarup P.‐M. , Sjövall A. , Søreide K. , Kvaløy J. T. , Nordholm‐Carstensen A. , Nedrebø B.S. , Kørner H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimAn anastomotic leak after surgery for colon cancer is a recognized complication but how it may adversely affect long‐term survival is less clear because data are scarce. The aim of the study was to investigate the long‐term impact of Grade C anastomotic leak in a large, population‐based cohort.MethodData on patients undergoing resection for Stage I–III colon cancer between 2008 and 2012 were collected from the Swedish, Norwegian and Danish Colorectal Cancer Registries. Overall relative survival and conditional 5‐year relative survival, under the condition of surviving 1 year, were calculated for all patients and stratified by stage of disease.ResultsA total of 22 985 patients were analysed. Anastomotic leak occurred in 849 patients (3.7%). Five‐year relative survival in patients with anastomotic leak was 64.7% compared with 87.0% for patients with no leak (P < 0.001). Five‐year relative survival among the patients who survived the first year was 88.6% vs 81.3% (P = 0.003). Stratification by cancer stage showed that anastomotic leak was significantly associated with decreased relative survival in patients with Stage III disease (P = 0.001), but not in patients with Stage I or II (P = 0.950 and 0.247, respectively).ConclusionAnastomotic leak after surgery for Stage III colon cancer was associated with significantly decreased long‐term relative survival.
Per oral endoscopic myotomy as salvage therapy in patients with achalasia refractory to endoscopic or surgical therapy is technically feasible and safe: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hashimoto Rintaro , Inoue Haruhiro , Shimamura Yuto , Sakuraba Atsushi , Tomizawa Yutaka 
Published: February 2020

Backgrounds and aimsPer oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has been reported as an effective and safe salvage therapy for achalasia but there is limited composite data. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies that reported the rates of clinical success and adverse events among patients who underwent POEM after failed conventional endoscopic or surgical therapy.MethodsElectronic literature search was conducted from inception through December 2018 for articles reporting the efficacy and safety of POEM in patients with achalasia who failed endoscopic or surgical therapy. Primary outcome was the pooled estimated rates of clinical success, defined as Eckardt score ≤ 3 after POEM. Secondary outcomes were procedural time, the rates of POEM‐related gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and procedure‐related adverse events.ResultsSeven studies reporting outcomes on 487 patients met our criteria. Pooled estimated rate of clinical success of POEM was 88% (95% confidence interval (CI) 79–94%). Mean procedural time was 64 minutes (95% CI 44–85 minutes). POEM‐related GERD was found in 20% (95% CI 16–24%) of patients. Estimated incidence of overall adverse events was 10% (95% CI 5–18%) with individual risk of bleeding, mucosotomy, pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum hydrothorax/mediastinitis, and subcutaneous emphysema ranging from 1 to 4%.ConclusionsPer oral endoscopic myotomy after failed endoscopic or surgical therapy in patients with achalasia is an effective and safe treatment. Further long‐term follow‐up studies in a larger number of patients are warranted to validate the sustainable efficacy of POEM for achalasia.
Gene‐environment interaction in chronic kidney disease among people with type 2 diabetes from The Malaysian Cohort project: a case‐control study
Authors: Ahmad N. , Shah S. A. , Abdul Gafor A. H. , Abdul Murad N. A. , Kamaruddin M. A. , Abd Jalal N. , Ismail N. , Alias M. R. , Jamal R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo examine the possible gene‐environment interactions between 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms and environmental factors that could modify the probability of chronic kidney disease.MethodsA case‐control study was conducted involving 600 people with type 2 diabetes (300 chronic kidney disease cases, 300 controls) who participated in The Malaysian Cohort project. Retrospective subanalysis was performed on the chronic kidney disease cases to assess chronic kidney disease progression from the recruitment phase. We genotyped 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms using mass spectrometry. The probability of chronic kidney disease and predicted rate of newly detected chronic kidney disease progression were estimated from the significant gene‐environment interaction analyses.ResultsFour single nucleotide polymorphisms (eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678, KCNQ1 rs2237895 and KCNQ1 rs2283228) and five environmental factors (age, sex, smoking, waist circumference and HDL) were significantly associated with chronic kidney disease. Gene‐environment interaction analyses revealed significant probabilities of chronic kidney disease for sex (PPARGC1A rs8192678), smoking (eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678 and KCNQ1 rs2237895), waist circumference (eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678, KCNQ1 rs2237895 and KCNQ1 rs2283228) and HDL (eNOS rs2070744 and PPARGC1A rs8192678). Subanalysis indicated that the rate of newly detected chronic kidney disease progression was 133 cases per 1000 person‐years (95% CI: 115, 153), with a mean follow‐up period of 4.78 (SD 0.73) years. There was a significant predicted rate of newly detected chronic kidney disease progression in gene‐environment interactions between KCNQ1 rs2283228 and two environmental factors (sex and BMI).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the gene‐environment interactions of eNOS rs2070744, PPARGC1A rs8192678, KCNQ1 rs2237895 and KCNQ1 rs2283228 with specific environmental factors could modify the probability for chronic kidney disease.
Impact of dose‐escalation schemes and drug discontinuation on weight loss outcomes with liraglutide 3.0 mg: A model‐based approach
Authors: Papathanasiou Theodoros , Strathe Anders , Agersø Henrik , Lund Trine Meldgaard , Overgaard Rune Viig 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsTo investigate the impact on weight loss of the treatment changes in overweight or obese people that may be needed in case of gastrointestinal (GI) tolerability issues during escalation of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue liraglutide.Materials and methodsThe individual longitudinal body weight data from the main trial periods of three phase II/III trials in overweight or obese patients (56‐week treatment with once‐daily liraglutide 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 or 3.0 mg or placebo, n = 4952) were analysed using a non‐linear mixed‐effect modelling approach. Individual pharmacokinetic profiles were derived based on published pharmacokinetic models. Baseline body weight, baseline glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), age, gender, diabetes status (no diabetes, prediabetes or type 2 diabetes), race and trial region were investigated as covariates. As a form of external validation, the model was used to predict the weight regain after treatment cessation at week 56 (data not included in model development).ResultsA pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model provided an adequate description of the weight loss trajectories for all studied doses. Gender and diabetes status were identified as the most influential covariates, and an underlying seasonal weight fluctuation was identified. Slower than that recommended, one‐week dose‐escalation algorithms led up to 2 weeks slower initial weight loss but similar long‐term weight loss trajectories.ConclusionsThe relationship between liraglutide systemic exposure and weight loss was successfully established in overweight or obese people. The model could predict the time course of weight regain after treatment cessation and suggests that GI tolerability can be mitigated by slower escalation with only minor impact on the weight loss trajectory.
Early detection of Agrilus planipennis: investigations into the attractive range of the sex pheromone (3Z)‐lactone
Authors: Parker Katie , Ryall Krista , Aukema Brian H. , Silk Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a highly destructive primary pest of ash (Fraxinus sp., Oleaceae) trees outside of its native range. Ash is an important component of many ecosystems and its loss would be detrimental to both the economy and the environment. The present study aimed to improve our understanding of the effectiveness of green sticky prism traps baited with host kairomone and insect pheromone lures for A. planipennis and to collect data for modelling the range of attraction of the pheromone (3Z)‐dodecen‐12‐olide [(3Z)‐lactone]. Traps were deployed over a single flight season in urban locations of Ontario, Canada, with low densities of EAB. Traps were placed in pairs of trees separated by not more than 25 m. All traps contained the host kairomone, (3Z)‐hexenol, with the remaining half in each pairing additionally baited with (3Z)‐lactone pheromone. Both lure types were highly effective in capturing EAB, with >90% detection rates overall. However, traps baited with the lactone pheromone and host volatile lures doubled trap captures of EAB over distances of at least 25 m from the nearest traps baited with only host volatiles. Although the baseline detection rate of traps containing (3Z)‐hexenol alone is not significantly reduced compared with traps containing (3Z)‐lactone, the overall trap effectiveness is significantly increased when (3Z)‐lactone is present. The implications for the use of (3Z)‐lactone at 3 mg per septum dose in an early warning trapping system are discussed. Trap layout methods and risk‐based analysis models can now be further refined by including these data about the attractive range of lures and their behaviour in different plot environments.
The involvement of oxytocin in the effects of chronic social defeat stress on emotional behaviours in adult female mandarin voles
Authors: Hou Wenjuan , He Zhixiong , Yang Yang , Yuan Wei , Wang Limin , Zhang Jing , Zhang Xueni , Cai Wenqi , Guo Qianqian , Tai Fadao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractChronic social defeat stress (CSDS) can induce anxiety and depression in male rodents, but the prevalence of anxiety and depression is much higher in females, and effects of CSDS on adult females and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. Oxytocin is a stress‐buffering hormone in the brain that modulates the physiological effects of stress. Strikingly, research regarding the effect of oxytocin on emotional changes caused by CSDS is still lacking in females. Thus, we focused on the involvement of the oxytocin system in changes in emotional regulation induced by CSDS in female voles. Seventy‐day‐old female mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus) were exposed to aggressive adult females for 14 days, and the effects of CSDS on emotion and regulation of oxytocin system were characterized. In addition, we injected vehicle, oxytocin and oxytocin receptor antagonist into the nucleus accumbens (Nacc) of female voles to investigate the involvement of Nacc oxytocin in the effect of CSDS on emotion. Herein, we reported that CSDS increased anxiety and depression‐like behaviour and the circulating level of corticosterone, but decreased the number of oxytocin projections and the protein and mRNA expression levels of oxytocin receptor in the Nacc. Injection of oxytocin into the Nacc reversed the effects of CSDS on anxiety‐like and depressive‐like behaviour, whereas combined injections of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor antagonist eliminated these effects. In conclusion, CSDS increases the levels of anxiety and depression possibly via a reduction in oxytocin projections and the oxytocin receptor level in the Nacc. Nacc oxytocin may be involved in the effects of CSDS on emotional behaviours.
Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test: validation of self‐administered neuroperformance modules
Authors: Rao S. M. , Galioto R. , Sokolowski M. , McGinley M. , Freiburger J. , Weber M. , Dey T. , Mourany L. , Schindler D. , Reece C. , Miller D. M. , Bethoux F. , Bermel R. A. , Williams J. R. , Levitt N. , Phillips G. A. , Rhodes J. K. , Alberts J. , Rudick R. A. 
Published: February 2020

Background and purposeThe purpose was to determine the test–retest reliability, practice effects, convergent validity and sensitivity to multiple sclerosis (MS) disability of neuroperformance subtests from the patient self‐administered Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT) designed to assess low contrast vision (Contrast Sensitivity Test, CST), upper extremity motor function (Manual Dexterity Test, MDT) and lower extremity motor function (Walking Speed Test, WST) and to introduce the concept of regression‐based norms to aid clinical interpretation of performance scores using the MSPT cognition test (Processing Speed Test, PST) as an example.MethodsSubstudy 1 assessed test–retest reliability, practice effects and convergent validity of the CST, MDT and WST in 30 MS patients and 30 healthy controls. Substudy 2 examined sensitivity to MS disability in over 600 MS patients as part of their routine clinic assessment. Substudy 3 compared performance on the PST in research volunteers and clinical samples.ResultsThe CST, MDT and WST were shown to be reliable, valid and sensitive to MS outcomes. Performance was comparable to technician‐administered testing. PST performance was poorer in the clinical sample compared with the research volunteer sample.ConclusionsThe self‐administered MSPT neuroperformance modules produce reliable, objective metrics that can be used in clinical practice and support outcomes research. Published studies which require patient voluntary consent may underestimate the rate of cognitive dysfunction observed in a clinical setting.
TINCR is not a non‐coding RNA but encodes a protein component of cornified epidermal keratinocytes
Authors: Eckhart Leopold , Lachner Julia , Tschachler Erwin , Rice Robert H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs have been implicated in the regulation of a plethora of biological processes, yet it has been challenging to verify that they are truly not coding for proteins. Terminal differentiation‐induced non‐coding RNA (TINCR) is a 3.7‐kilobase mRNA that is highly abundant in epidermal keratinocytes prior to cornification. Here, we report the presence of an evolutionarily conserved open reading frame in TINCR and the identification of peptides derived from this open reading frame in the proteome of human stratum corneum. Our results demonstrate that TINCR is a protein‐coding RNA and suggest that the TINCR‐encoded protein is involved in keratinocyte cornification.
Mobile phone data statistics as a dynamic proxy indicator in assessing regional economic activity and human commuting patterns
Authors: Arhipova Irina , Berzins Gundars , Brekis Edgars , Binde Juris , Opmanis Martins , Erglis Aldis , Ansonska Evija 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVarious studies demonstrate that data on mobile phone use are useful when analysing problems in the fields of human activity or population dynamics, including tourism, transportation planning, public administration, etc. However, one of the biggest challenges is related to the restrictions contained in the General Data Protection Regulation that force the use of statistics about mobile operator client activities instead of allowing the analysis of mobile operator data. Therefore, a data analytics approach that does not involve information on the mobility of particular persons was developed, providing economically relevant data on aggregate mobility while protecting personal data. The activity data aggregation was conducted at 15‐min intervals in the area of each cellular base station; “activity” is defined as the number of outgoing and incoming calls and sent and received text messages (short message service or SMS) and, in some instances, as the count of unique users. The case study examines all of Latvia's municipalities, analysing the economic activity level in each municipality in comparison to the mobile phone activity in three periods: 2015–2016, 2017, and 2018. It was concluded that the economic activity in municipalities can be estimated, and positive dynamics of regional development have been detected. Such data and the data analytics method, which provides an understanding of how economic activities evolve in real time in particular locations and economic activity centres, can improve regional development planning and plan implementation. In order to assess which are the centres of economic activity in each municipality and its sphere of influence, the patterns of human commuting and fluctuations of internal activity on workdays and weekends/holidays in 2017–2018 were determined. In general, there is a shortage of reliable data on human commuting within Latvia and its specific regions; therefore, the method described here provides a practical tool for regional governments to keep track of strategy implementation and for strategic gap analysis.
Using Virtual Programming Lab to improve learning programming: The case of Algorithms and Programming
Authors: Cardoso Marílio , Marques Rui , de Castro António Vieira , Rocha Álvaro 
Published: February 2020

AbstractProgramming is one of the basic skills that students must acquire. However, learning to program is not an easy task. Also teaching programming is an arduous but challenging task, requiring close follow‐up and constant and meaningful feedback. So the main question is: how can we help teachers and students to achieve these goals? We identified a tool that can be useful to this purpose. That is Virtual Programming Lab (VPL), a Moodle plugin that allows students to submit their code and get prompt feedback without the teacher's intervention. In order to test this concept, an experiment was performed with several classes of beginner programming students, in two editions of Algorithms and Programming course unit of the degree in Informatics Engineering lectured at the Informatics Engineering Department at the School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto. The students were challenged to test their assignments in VPL with a set of test values previously defined by the teachers. After the experiments, we used surveys to gather the involved students' and teachers' opinion, and more than 70% of the students answered that they considered the VPL an added value for the teaching–learning process. The dynamics verified in the classes, the general opinion of the teachers, and the acceptance and participation of the students allow to classify the experience as positive.
Prospects for finding the mechanisms of sex differences in addiction with human and model organism genetic analysis
Authors: Datta Udita , Schoenrock Sarah E. , Bubier Jason A. , Bogue Molly A. , Jentsch James D. , Logan Ryan W. , Tarantino Lisa M. , Chesler Elissa J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDespite substantial evidence for sex differences in addiction epidemiology, addiction‐relevant behaviors and associated neurobiological phenomena, the mechanisms and implications of these differences remain unknown. Genetic analysis in model organism is a potentially powerful and effective means of discovering the mechanisms that underlie sex differences in addiction. Human genetic studies are beginning to show precise risk variants that influence the mechanisms of addiction but typically lack sufficient power or neurobiological mechanistic access, particularly for the discovery of the mechanisms that underlie sex differences. Our thesis in this review is that genetic variation in model organisms are a promising approach that can complement these investigations to show the biological mechanisms that underlie sex differences in addiction.