bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus among Korean women in childbearing years: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Chung Min Kyung , Park Jin Su , Lim Hyun Sun , Lee Chan Hee , Lee Jisoo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Most women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are diagnosed with the disease in their reproductive years, but the incidence and prevalence of SLE among women of childbearing age have not been studied. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence and prevalence of SLE among the Korean women of childbearing age.
Methods

Women aged 20 to 44 years with SLE were identified from National Health Insurance Service – National Health Information Database (2009–2016), which contain health information of approximately 97% of the Korean population. SLE was defined by International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision code, M32. Incidence and prevalence were calculated per 100,000 person-years and stratified by year and age.
Results

A total of 12,756 women with SLE were identified. The incidence of SLE from 2011 to 2016 among women in childbearing years was 8.18/100,000 person-years (95% CI 7.94–8.43), with the highest incidence in 2016 (8.56/100,000 person-years, 95% CI 7.95–9.17) and the lowest incidence in 2012 (7.85/100,000 person-years, 95% CI 7.28–8.42). The prevalence of SLE from 2009 to 2016 among women in childbearing years was 77.07/100,000 person-years (95% CI 75.76–78.39), with the highest prevalence in 2014 (79.47/100,000 person-years, 95% CI 77.64–81.30) and the lowest in 2010 (74.19/100,000 person-years, 95% CI 72.45–75.93). The peak age for SLE incidence was between 25–39 years, and lower incidence was seen in the early (20–24 years) and late (40–44 years) childbearing age periods. There was an increasing trend in prevalence according to age in women of childbearing age, with the highest prevalence occurring in the 40–44 age group.
Conclusions

The risk and burden of SLE are high among women during their childbearing years. This calls for special attention to this particular population group when allocating health resources.
Radiotherapy combined with gefitinib for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer who are unfit for surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A phase Ⅱ clinical trial
Authors: Fu Zhixue , Liang Jun , Xu Yang , Wang Wenqing , Lei Deng , Tao Zhang , Bi Nan , Wang Xiaozhen , Chen Dongfu , Zhou Zongmei , Wang Luhua 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The objectives of this study were to determine the objective effective response rate, survival, and safety of radiotherapy combined with gefitinib in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were unfit for surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Methods: The patients with the locally advanced NSCLC who were unfit to receive surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy, received thoracic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with gefitinib 250 mg daily.Results: Twenty-nine patients were enrolled between July 2014 and March 2017. Of the 29 patients, 21 (72.4%) experienced a partial response, 6 (20.7%) had stable disease, and 2 (6.9%) experienced progression of disease. The objective response rate was 72.4%, and the disease control rate was 93.1%. The median follow-up time was 51 months. The disease progression showed in 26 (89.7%) patients, including local progression in 20 (69.0%) and distant metastasis in 16 (55.2%). The median survival time (MST) and progression-free survival time (PFS) were 26 and 11 months, respectively. The 3-, 4-, 5-year survival rates were 37.6%, 29%, and 29%, respectively. The PFS rates were 17.2%, 9.2%, and 9.2%. Two patients developed grade 3 acute adverse events, and two patients developed grade 2 acute irradiation pneumonitis.Conclusions: For patients with locally advanced NSCLC who are not eligible for surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy, IMRT combined with gefitinib can improve the objective effective rate and is generally well-tolerated.
Multi-objective Optimization Design of a Heavy Duty Folding Mechanism and Self-discharging Equipment Development
Authors: Yin Lairong , Li Chong-Xiang , Huang Juan , Wen Bo , Wang Jin-Hang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we investigated the technical problem of the recovery of overlength and heavy load conveying booms of self-unloading ships. A method of folding the conveying boom with a hydraulic-four-bar mechanism is presented, and by using a mathematical model for the optimization of folding speed stationary with ADAMS software, the optimization data and results were obtained. The multi-objective optimization index is introduced, and the multi-objective optimization problem is discussed. The results of the multi-objective optimization showed that parameters such as angular velocity and the change of angular acceleration of the conveyor boom were optimized. The paper has manufactured the connecting rod mechanism, and developed the self-discharging folding conveyance equipment. Through practical application, we determined that the developed folding conveying equipment had the advantages of smooth movement and high folding efficiency.
Synthetic Repurposing of Drugs in Hypertension: a Datamining Method Based on Association Rules and a Novel Discrete Algorithm
Authors: Masoudi-Sobhanzadeh Yosef , Masoudi-Nejad Ali 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Drug repurposing aims to detect new benefits of the existing drugs and to reduce the time and cost of drug development projects. Although synthetic repurposing of drugs may be more useful than single repurposing in terms of reducing toxicity and enhancing efficacy, the researchers have not taken it into account. To address the issue, a novel datamining method is introduced and applied to the repositioning of drugs in hypertension (HT). This disease is a complex one and needs to efficient treatment plans to cure it better.Methods: A novel two-step data mining method, which is based on the If-Then association rules and a novel discrete optimization algorithm, is proposed and applied to the synthetic repurposing of drugs in HT. The required data are extracted from DruhBank, KEGG, and DrugR+ databases. Results: The outcomes presented that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches in terms of different statistical criteria. Since different methods failed to discover the list for some datasets, our method could suggest a combination of drugs for all the datasets. Conclusion: Due to using a minimum dosage of medicines, the synthetic method may revive some failed drug development projects and maybe a suitable plan for curing orphan and rare diseases. Also, to achieve better outcomes, it is essential to use efficient computational methods.
Zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pre-weaned Korean native calves
Authors: Hwang Sunwoo , Shin Seung-Uk , Kim SuHee , Ryu Ji-Hyoung , Choi Kyoung-Seong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common microsporidian species that can infect humans and various animals worldwide. To date, there has been limited information on the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi infection in cattle in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi circulating in pre-weaned Korean native calves and determined the age pattern of E. bieneusi infection and the relationship between E. bieneusi infection and diarrhea.
Methods
The prevalence of E. bieneusi infection in pre-weaned Korean native calves was screened by polymerase chain reaction. PCR-positive products were sequenced to determine the genotype of E. bieneusi. A Chi-square analysis used to compare the associations between diarrhea and infection rate of E. bieneusi in each age ranges or all ages.
Results
PCR and sequencing analysis revealed an overall prevalence of E. bieneusi of 16.9% (53/314) in pre-weaned calves. The prevalence of E. bieneusi was the highest in September (36.2%), followed by March (28.3%). E. bieneusi infection (χ2 = 5.82, P = 0.016) was associated with diarrhea in calves. Our results also indicated that E. bieneusi infection was statistically associated with calf age (χ2 = 11.61, P = 0.003), and the prevalence of E. bieneusi infection was significantly higher in calves aged 21−40 days (odds ratio = 2.90, 95% confidence interval: 1.54−5.45; P = 0.001) than in those aged 1−20 days. Interestingly, the association between E. bieneusi infection and diarrhea was observed only in calves aged 1−20 days (χ2 = 5.82, P = 0.010). Furthermore, our results indicated that E. bieneusi infection in pre-weaned calves may be associated with mild diarrhea rather than severe diarrhea. We identified five genotypes, BEB4 (n = 12), BEB8 (n = 23), CHN6 (n = 1), I (n = 1), and J (n = 16), and all of which belonged to Group 2. The genotype BEB8 was the most prevalent among all age groups irrespective of diarrhea. In contrast, the genotype I was identified only in one calf aged 10 days with diarrhea. Except for CHN6, the other four genotypes were mostly observed in cattle, and all exhibited zoonotic potential.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of the genotypes BEB4 and CHN6 in pre-weaned Korean native calves. Zoonotic E. bieneusi infection was prevalent in pre-weaned Korean native calves, indicating that cattle may play an important role as a reservoir host for E. bieneusi transmission to humans.
Survival analysis of patients with stage T2a and T2b perihilar cholangiocarcinoma treated with radical resection
Authors: Zhao Jian , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jun , Zhang Yi , Ma Wenjie , Liu Siyun , Li Fuyu , Song Bin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Both the 7th and 8th editions of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) had the same definition for T2a and T2b. But the value of this classification as prognostic factors remains unclear. Methods: 178 patients with stage T2a or T2b who underwent curative intent resection for pCCA between Jan 2010 and Dec 2018 were enrolled. Relationships between survival and clinicopathological factors including patient demographics and tumor characteristics were evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The overall survival (OS) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.Results: There was no significant difference in OS between T2a and T2b group. The median OS were 37 and 31 months (P=0.354). Both the 7th and 8th edition of the AJCC TNM staging demonstrated a poor prognostic predictive performance. High level of AST (≥85.0IU/L) and CA19-9 (≥1000 U/mL), vascular resection and lower pathological differentiation of the tumor were the independent predictors for poor survival after resection.Conclusion: The newly released 8th edition of AJCC staging system demonstrated a poor ability to discriminate the prognosis of patients with stage T2a and T2b after resection for pCCA.
Silica nanoparticles with encapsulated DNA (SPED) – a novel surrogate tracer for microbial transmission in healthcare
Authors: Scotoni Manuela , Koch Julian , Julian Timothy R , Clack Lauren , García Ana Karina Pitol , Wolfensberger Aline , Grass Robert N , Sax Hugo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe increase in antimicrobial resistance is of worldwide concern. Surrogate tracers attempt to simulate microbial transmission by avoiding the infectious risks associated with live organisms. We evaluated silica nanoparticles with encapsulated DNA (SPED) as a new promising surrogate tracer in healthcare.MethodsSPED and Escherichia coli were used to implement three experiments in simulation rooms and a microbiology laboratory in 2017-2018. Experiment 1 investigated the transmission behaviour of SPED in a predefined simulated patient-care scenario. SPED marked with 3 different DNA sequences (SPED1-SPED3) were introduced at 3 different points of the consecutive 13 touch sites of a patient-care scenario that was repeated 3 times, resulting in a total of 288 values. Experiment 2 evaluated SPED behaviour following hand cleaning with water and soap and alcohol-based handrub. Experiment 3 compared transfer dynamics of SPED versus E. coli in a laboratory using a gloved finger touching two consecutive sites on a laminate surface after a first purposefully contaminated site.ResultsExperiment 1: SPED adhesiveness on bare skin after a hand-to-surface exposure was high, leading to a dissemination of SPED1-3 on all consecutive surface materials with a trend of decreasing recovery rates, also reflecting touching patterns in concordance with contaminated fingers versus palms. Experiment 2: Hand washing with soap and water resulted in a SPED reduction of 96%, whereas hand disinfection led to dispersal of SPED from the palm to the back of the hand. Experiment 3: SPED and E. coli concentration decreased in parallel with each transmission step – with SPED showing a trend for less reduction and variability.ConclusionsSPED represent a convenient and safe instrument to simulate pathogen spread by contact transmission simultaneously from an infinite number of sites. They can be further developed as a central asset for successful infection prevention in healthcare settings.
Utilizing an Automated Tool Analysis to Evaluate EFL Students’ Writing Performance
Authors: Petchprasert Anongnad 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Recently, the integration of linguistics and technology has been promoted and widely used in the field of linguistics and English writing for several purposes. One of those purposes is to evaluate EFL writing ability by using electronic assessment tools in language teaching or rhetorical studies. In this study, an automated writing evaluation tool (Coh-Metrix version 3.0) was used to indicate English-major students’ writing performance based on the six discourse components of the texts and to determine the associations between those six results of Coh-Metrix analyses. The 80 EFL texts produced for each scheme of writing tasks on two different topics were collected. The corpus analyses gathered from Coh-Metrix identify linguistic and discourse features that were interpreted to determine the 40 EFL undergraduate students’ English writing abilities. The students wrote and revised their essays in a hand written form in class and resubmitted their essays in digital forms with corrections made. The results showed that these writers demonstrated linguistic flexibility across writing prompts that they produced. The analyses also indicated that the length of the texts, the word concreteness and the uses of the referential and deep cohesion had impacts on the students’ writing performances across the writing tasks. Besides, the findings suggest practical value in using the Coh-Metrix to support teachers’ instructional decisions that could help to identify improvement of students’ writing skill.
Association Between Food Insecurity and Key Metabolic Risk Factors for Diet-Sensitive Non-Communicable Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nkambule Sphamandla Josias , Moodley Indres , Kuupiel Desmond , Mashamba-Thomson Tivani P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn previous studies, food insecurity has been hypothesised to promote the prevalence of metabolic risk factors on the causal pathway to diet-sensitive non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This prevalence has been shown to differ between gender and populations. However, evidence of this association in resources-limited settings with high levels of food insecurity such as sub-Saharan African countries remains elusive.PurposeWe aimed to identify the association between food insecurity and key metabolic risk factors on the causal pathway to diet-sensitive NCDs in sub-Saharan African population.MethodsWe did a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant studies published between January 2015 and October 2019 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science (SCiELO Citation Index), and five other databases followed by explicit and reproducible hand-searches of included studies which were peer-reviewed epidemiological studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa, directly measured food insecurity, and compared food insecurity to a metabolic risk factor outcome. Two reviewers extracted all the necessary data from individual studies independently and employed the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) – Version 2018 to evaluate the risk of bias. Prevalence estimates from individual studies were pooled using the random-effect model.ResultsThe initial searches yielded 11 803 articles, 22 were eligible for inclusion, presenting data from 26 609 food-insecure participants and 11 545 incident of metabolic risk factor cases. Most studies confirmed an adverse association between food insecurity and key metabolic risk factors for diet-sensitive NCDs. The Meta-analysis showed a significantly high pooled prevalence estimate of key metabolic risk factors at 41.8 per cent (95% CI: 33.2% to 50.8%, I2 = 99.5% p-value < 0.00). The most prevalent type of metabolic risk factors was dyslipidaemia 27.6 per cent (95% CI: 6.5% to 54.9%), hypertension 24.7 per cent (95% CI: 15.6% to 35.1%), and overweight 15.8 per cent (95% CI: 10.6% to 21.7%). Notably, the prevalence estimates of these metabolic risk factors were considerably more frequent in females than males.ConclusionThis study is the first to systematically review or meta-analyse the association between food insecurity and key metabolic risk factors for diet-sensitive non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in sub-Saharan African countries, in order to generate an integrated, evidence-based, comprehensive summary of how key metabolic risk factors are patterned by food insecurity. Further high-quality longitudinal data and mediation analysis are warranted to understand the basis of this findings to support targeted prevention and control strategies for those confronted with food insecurity.PROSPERO registration number: PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019136638
The Carpentier-Edwards classic and physio annuloplasty rings in repair of degenerative mitral valve disease: A retrospective study
Authors: Sidiki Abubakari Ibn , Faybushevich Alexandr Georgievich , Lishchuk Alexandr Nikolaevich , Koltunov Alexey Nikolaevich 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPhysio ring (SR) is considered an improved version of the Classic rigid ring (RR). Today, SR is more widely used in mitral valve (MV) repair. We sought to compare the long-term outcomes of repair with RR and SR in degenerative mitral valve disease.MethodsIn a computerized registry of our institution, 306 patients had isolated MV repair with either RR (139 patients) or SR (167 patients) ring between 2005 and 2015. Fifteen of them had concomitant tricuspid valve repair. Ninety-two (30.1%) had Barlow’s disease and 214 (69.9%) had fibroelastic deficiency. The patients had similar demographic and echocardiographic characteristics.ResultsThere were 4 (1.3%) operative mortalities. Mean follow-up time was 107.4 ± 13.2 months. Left ventricular end diastolic and end systolic diameters significantly improved in both groups but not between groups. Survival at 10 years was 84.6% (93.1% in RR and 91.5% in SR; p = 0.177) and 10-year freedom from recurrent MR ≥ 2 + was 74.5% (88.2% in RR and 86.3% in SR; p = 0.110). Reoperations for repair failure were 8 in RR and 6 in SR. By Cox regression analysis, Barlow’s disease, preoperative MR = 4 + and chordal shortening were predictors of repair failure. Old age (≥ 70 years), NYHA functional class IV and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (≥ 40 mmHg) were predictors of poor survival by univariate analysis.ConclusionLong-term outcomes of repair for degenerative MV disease with the Classic and Physio rings are comparable. Artificial chordal implantation should be used instead of chordal shortening for diseased chordae.
Prognosis of men with high-risk prostate cancer stratified by risk factors: A population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Song Pan , Dong Qiang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prognosis of men with high-risk prostate cancers (PCa) stratified by high-risk factors.Methods: Men with localized high-risk PCa were identified from 2004 to 2015. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regressions were adopted to evaluate prostate cancer-specific survival (PCSS). Results: A total of 151,799 patients were included. Seven risk groups were divided including one high-risk factor of T3-4 (A1), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >20 ng/ml (A2), and Gleason score (GS) 8-10, two high-risk factors of T3-4 PSA>20 ng/ml (B1), T3-4 GS 8-10 (B2), PSA>20 ng/ml GS 8-10 (B3), and three high-risk factors of T3-4 PSA>20 ng/ml and GS 8-10 (C). The PCSS results showed that A1 was the best among all groups. A2, A3 and B1 were similar and were all better than B2. No significant difference existed between B3 and C and these two were the worst in prognosis. The 10-year PCSS rates of A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, and C group were 95.8%, 86.9%, 86.1%, 86.9%, 80.8%, 64.7% and 65.6%, respectively. Three simplified groups were divided including a good prognosis group (A1), an intermediate prognosis group (A2, A3, B1 and B2), and a poor prognosis group (B3 and C). The 10-year PCSS rate of three groups were 95.8% vs 85.1% vs 66.5%. Compared to the good prognosis group, the HR of the intermediate and poor prognosis group were 4.21(3.96~4.48) and 11.36 (10.59~12.19). A nomogram was built based on these factors. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.772, indicating a good accuracy of the model. Conclusions: We regrouped men with high-risk PCa according to their prognosis. PCa with three high-risk factors was not more aggressive than that with two of GS 8-10 and PSA >20 ng/ml.
Identification of inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cellular toxicity in human (Caco-2) cells using a large scale drug repurposing collection
Authors: Ellinger Bernhard , Bojkova Denisa , Zaliani Andrea , Cinatl Jindrich , Claussen Carsten , Westhaus Sandra , Reinshagen Jeanette , Kuzikov Maria , Wolf Markus , Geisslinger Gerd , Gribbon Philip , Ciesek Sandra 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To identify possible candidates for progression towards clinical studies against SARS-CoV-2, we screened a well-defined collection of 5632 compounds including 3488 compounds which have undergone clinical investigations (marketed drugs, phases 1 -3, and withdrawn) across 600 indications. Compounds were screened for their inhibition of viral induced cytotoxicity using the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 and a SARS-CoV-2 isolate. The primary screen of 5632 compounds gave 271 hits. A total of 64 compounds with IC50 <20 µM were identified, including 19 compounds with IC50 < 1 µM. Of this confirmed hit population, 90% have not yet been previously reported as active against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro cell assays. Some 37 of the actives are launched drugs, 19 are in phases 1-3 and 10 pre-clinical. Several inhibitors were associated with modulation of host pathways including kinase signaling P53 activation, ubiquitin pathways and PDE activity modulation, with long chain acyl transferases were effective viral inhibitors.