bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of thiol disulfide balance in early‐stage endometrial cancer
Authors: Sezgin Burak , Pirinççi Fatih , Camuzcuoğlu Aysun , Erel Özcan , Neşelioğlu Salim , Camuzcuoğlu Hakan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimWe carried out this research to assess thiol disulfide balance in patients with early‐stage endometrial cancer.MethodsFifty‐seven endometrial cancer patients and 60 age‐matched healthy subjects volunteered for this study. Thiol disulfide parameters and the ratios of these parameters were examined using a colorimetric system. We also evaluated total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant capacity and oxidative stress index.ResultsSubjects with endometrial cancer had statistically significantly lower serum native thiol and total thiol levels (224.2 [122.8–267.5] and 270.5 [171.6–323.2], respectively) than healthy subjects (281.35 [213.45–358.9] and 339.55 [274.1–425.95], respectively) (P = 0.001, P < 0.001). Subjects with endometrial cancer had statistically significantly higher serum disulfide/native thiol and disulfide/total thiol ratios (12.22 [8.77–17.61] and 9.82 [7.46–13.02], respectively) than healthy subjects (8.9 [6.79–16.35] and 7.36 [5.9–12.32], respectively) (P = 0.038, P = 0.028). Disulfide/native thiol ratio appeared to be strongly and positively correlated with the stage of endometrial cancer (r = 0.827, P < 0.001).ConclusionThis is an initial report related to thiol disulfide balance in endometrial cancer patients. We believe that oxidative stress contributes both to the evolution and to the progression of the disease. We conclude that deterioration of thiol disulfide balance due to oxidative stress is likely to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of endometrial cancer.
Machine Learning and Multiparametric Brain MRI to Differentiate Hereditary Diffuse Leukodystrophy with Spheroids from Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Mangeat Gabriel , Ouellette Russell , Wabartha Maxime , De Leener Benjamin , Plattén Michael , Danylaité Karrenbauer Virginija , Warntjes Marcel , Stikov Nikola , Mainero Caterina , Cohen‐Adad Julien , Granberg Tobias 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEHereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids (HDLS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorders that can be hard to distinguish clinically and radiologically. HDLS is a rare disorder compared to MS, which has led to occurrent misdiagnosis of HDLS as MS. That is problematic since their prognosis and treatment differ. Both disorders are investigated by MRI, which could help to identify patients with high probability of having HDLS, which could guide targeted genetic testing to confirm the HDLS diagnosis.METHODSHere, we present a machine learning method based on quantitative MRI that can achieve a robust classification of HDLS versus MS. Four HDLS and 14 age‐matched MS patients underwent a quantitative brain MRI protocol (synthetic MRI) at 3 Tesla (T) (scan time <7 minutes). We also performed a repeatability analysis of the predicting features to assess their generalizability by scanning a healthy control with five scan‐rescans at 3T and 1.5T.RESULTSOur predicting features were measured with an average confidence interval of 1.7% (P = .01), at 3T and 2.3% (P = .01) at 1.5T. The model gave a 100% correct classification of the cross‐validation data when using 5‐11 predicting features. When the maximum measurement noise was inserted in the model, the true positive rate of HDLS was 97.2%, while the true positive rate of MS was 99.6%.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that computer‐assistance in combination with quantitative MRI may be helpful in aiding the challenging differential diagnosis of HDLS versus MS.
Ultrasound‐guided venipuncture for implantation of cardiac implantable electronic devices: A single‐center, retrospective study
Authors: Deluca Giovanni , Massari Vincenzo F. M. , Musaico Francesco , Rosa Isabella , Modugno Giuseppe , Scardigno Antonio Davide , Valente Leonardo , Leo Pasquale Di , Ceravolo Gianluca , Pittiruti Mauro 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe venous access for the insertion of permanent leads of cardiac implantable electronic devices is often achieved by venous cutdown of the cephalic vein, or by “blind” puncture of the subclavian vein using anatomical landmarks, or by fluoroscopy‐assisted methods.MethodsWe have retrospectively analyzed our clinical experience to verify the feasibility, the safety, and efficacy of the adoption of ultrasound‐guided puncture/cannulation of the axillary vein for this purpose.ResultsNine hundred eighty‐seven leads were placed during 548 consecutive procedures, accessing the axillary vein in the infraclavicular area using real‐time ultrasound guidance. Venipuncture was successful in 99.8% of cases. The access time was 11 seconds (range 4‐580). We recorded three cases of pneumothorax (0.5%), but no hemothorax and no hemo‐mediastinum. The incidence of local hematoma was 2.1% (12 cases). No injury to the brachial plexus or to the phrenic nerve was recorded. In a follow‐up of 33 months (range 16‐39), we observed no cases of “subclavian crush syndrome” (damage of the leads at the level of the thoracic inlet), and the rate of pocket infection/infective endocarditis was 0.7%.ConclusionIn our experience, ultrasound‐guided puncture/cannulation of the axillary vein for implantation of permanent leads is feasible, effective, and safe. It might be considered as a first option for this procedure.
Genomic prediction of maize microphenotypes provides insights for optimizing selection and mining diversity
Authors: Yu Xiaoqing , Leiboff Samuel , Li Xianran , Guo Tingting , Ronning Natalie , Zhang Xiaoyu , Muehlbauer Gary J. , Timmermans Marja C.P. , Schnable Patrick S. , Scanlon Michael J. , Yu Jianming 
Published: May 2020

SummaryEffective evaluation of millions of crop genetic stocks is an essential component of exploiting genetic diversity to achieve global food security. By leveraging genomics and data analytics, genomic prediction is a promising strategy to efficiently explore the potential of these gene banks by starting with phenotyping a small designed subset. Reliable genomic predictions have enhanced selection of many macroscopic phenotypes in plants and animals. However, the use of genomicprediction strategies for analysis of microscopic phenotypes is limited. Here, we exploited the power of genomic prediction for eight maize traits related to the shoot apical meristem (SAM), the microscopic stem cell niche that generates all the above‐ground organs of the plant. With 435 713 genomewide single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we predicted SAM morphology traits for 2687 diverse maize inbreds based on a model trained from 369 inbreds. An empirical validation experiment with 488 inbreds obtained a prediction accuracy of 0.37–0.57 across eight traits. In addition, we show that a significantly higher prediction accuracy was achieved by leveraging the U value (upper bound for reliability) that quantifies the genomic relationships of the validation set with the training set. Our findings suggest that double selection considering both prediction and reliability can be implemented in choosing selection candidates for phenotyping when exploring new diversity is desired. In this case, individuals with less extreme predicted values and moderate reliability values can be considered. Our study expands the turbocharging gene banks via genomic prediction from the macrophenotypes into the microphenotypic space.
Children in the biblical world: The next generation of childhood and biblical studies
Authors: Garroway Kristine Henriksen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractResearch onchildren in the bibleand biblical lands has continued to reveal more children and more voices. This essay begins with an overview of two entry points into the subject, looking first at the field ofchildhood and religion, and second at the field ofchildren in the bible and biblical lands.Concentrating on the second entry point, the essay moves to a discussion of the recent volumes embracing literary criticism as well as scholarship onchildren in material culture and biblical textsthrough a comparative lens. This essay includes a discussion of the next wave of scholarship: those scholars recently finished with or currently working on dissertations, and those scholars reassessing previous works onchildren in the bible. It ends with an eye to the future, thinking about naming the field and how scholarship onchildren in the biblewill continue to evolve.
Training in interventional pulmonology: What we have learned and a way forward
Authors: Colt Henri G. , Williamson Jonathan P. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIP encompasses a complex list of procedures requiring knowledge, technical skills and competence. Modern, learner‐centric educational philosophies and an explosion of multidimensional educational tools including manikins, simulators, online resources, social media and formal programs can foster learning in IP, promoting professionalism and a culture of lifelong learning. This paper provides background and guidance to a structured, multidimensional and learner‐centric strategy for medical procedural education. Focusing on our experience in IP, we describe how competency‐based measures, simulation technology and various teaching modalities contribute to a more uniform learning environment in which patients do not suffer the burdens of procedure‐related training.
International effects of corporate tax cuts on income distribution
Authors: Bawa Siraj G. , Vu Nam T. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper evaluates the domestic and cross‐country effects of corporate income tax (CIT) cuts on income inequality using a tractable multi‐country DSGE model calibrated to U.S. and Canadian data. We illustrate that the cross‐border propagation of differentiated equity holdings can help explain the increase in income inequality, both within‐ and cross‐country, in response to a CIT cut. A lower barrier to capital mobility alleviates this divergence in income, while lower trade costs exert little effects on income distribution. The model is also consistent with recent evidence that middle‐income workers experience lower income growth than their counterparts in either extreme of the skill spectrum.
Early Cenozoic exhumation in the Qilian Shan, northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Insights from detrital apatite fission track thermochronology
Authors: He Pengju , Song Chunhui , Wang Yadong , Meng Qingquan , Wang Daichun , Feng Ying , Chen Lihao , Feng Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Qilian Shan is a reactivated fold‐thrust belt at the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The initiated timing of the Qilian Shan's tectonic response to Indian‐Asian plate convergence has significant implications for our understanding of the growth of the TP, yet remains a controversial topic. We conducted apatite fission track analyses of the Cenozoic synorogenic sediments in the Subei Basin on the northwestern flank of the Qilian Shan to investigate the time of initial Qilian Shan deformation during the Cenozoic. An integration of new and existing detrital apatite fission track ages indicates that terranes in the Qilian Shan experienced a prominent tectonic exhumation event at ~60–50 Ma. This result suggests that tectonism initiated on the northeastern margin of the TP nearly simultaneously with the India‐Asia collision.
Calibrating the dynamic Huff model for business analysis using location big data
Authors: Liang Yunlei , Gao Song , Cai Yuxin , Foutz Natasha Zhang , Wu Lei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Huff model has been widely used in location‐based business analysis to delineate a trade area containing a store’s potential customers. Calibrating the Huff model and its extensions requires empirical location visit data. Many studies rely on labor‐intensive surveys. With the increasing availability of mobile devices, users in location‐based platforms share rich multimedia information about their locations at a fine spatio‐temporal resolution, which offers opportunities for business intelligence. In this research, we present a time‐aware dynamic Huff model (T‐Huff) for location‐based market share analysis and calibrate this model using large‐scale store visit patterns based on mobile phone location data across the 10 most populated US cities. By comparing the hourly visit patterns of two types of stores, we demonstrate that the calibrated T‐Huff model is more accurate than the original Huff model in predicting the market share of different types of business (e.g., supermarkets versus department stores) over time. We also identify the regional variability where people in large metropolitan areas with a well‐developed transit system show less sensitivity to long‐distance visits. In addition, several socioeconomic and demographic factors (e.g., median household income) that potentially affect people’s visit decisions are examined and summarized.
Genomic analysis of blood samples with serologic ABO discrepancy identifies 12 novel alleles in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Zuo Qinqin , Duan Yong , Wang Baoyan , Xu Hua , Wu Wenjing , Zhao Jingwen , Wu Dazhou , Chu Xiaoyue , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed at identifying new ABO alleles from155 unrelated blood samples with potential ABO discrepancy in a Chinese Han population of 835 144 donors.BackgroundSerological strategies and genotyping are crucial for the precise determination of ABO discrepancy.MethodsTheir ABO phenotypes and plasma glycosyltransferase activity were determined by standard forward and reverse typing and dilution tests. The genomic DNA of the ABO gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The frequency of ABO subgroup alleles associated with ABO discrepancy was analysed.ResultsSerological analysis indicated that 53, 96 and 6 samples with ABO discrepancy were identified in the A, B and O subgroups, respectively. Genetic analysis revealed 12 novel alleles among the 46 associated with serologic ABO discrepancy. The majority of novel alleles was obtained from point mutations or single base insertion in Exons 6 to 7 of the ABO gene. The most frequent alleles were ABO*cisAB.01 (14/53, 26.42%) and ABO*A2.05 (7/53, 13.2%) in the A subgroup and ABO*BA.02 (34/96, 35.42%) and ABO*BEL.11 (15/96, 15.62%) in the B subgroup. Samples with the same ABO subgroup allele displayed different phenotypes, such as ABO*AX.13, ABO*BW.03, ABO*BW.12, ABO*BW.15, ABO*BEL.03, ABO*BEL.10 and ABO*BEL.11.ConclusionThis study identified 12 novel alleles among the 46 associated with serologic ABO discrepancies. ABO genotyping is needed for the accurate evaluation of blood phenotype to improve the safety of blood transfusion.
Development and validation of donor adverse reaction severity grading tool: enhancing objective grade assignment to donor adverse events
Authors: Townsend Mary , Kamel Hany , Van Buren Nancy , Wiersum‐Osselton Johanna , Rosa‐Bray Marilyn , Gottschall Jerome , Rajbhandary Srijana 
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUNDUniform and consistent reporting and comparison of donor adverse events (DAEs) and severity are well‐recognized challenges for donor hemovigilance (DHV). While the 2014 Standard for Surveillance of Complications Related to Blood Donation (SSCRBD), developed by hemovigilance experts from AABB, the International Society of Blood Transfusion, and International Hemovigilance Network, established the DAE definitions, no specific guidelines were provided to grade severity. A group of subject matter experts developed the Severity Grading Tool for Blood Donor Adverse Events (SGT) to enhance objective assignment of severity and conducted a study to validate the tool.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSBetween January 8, 2019, and February 28, 2019, participants graded severity of 32 cases (34 DAEs) using the SGT. Comments boxes allowed participants to provide rationale for selecting a severity grade for each case. Agreement with expert grading among study participants was evaluated using percentage agreement. Inter‐rater reliability was evaluated by Kendallʼs coefficient of concordance (W). The final SGT was revised based on validation study results and feedback received.RESULTSThe overall agreement was almost perfect with W = 0.84 (confidence interval [CI], 0.78‐0.90). Of 34 DAEs, respondent agreement with expert grading of more than 90% was reached for 18 DAEs, 80% to 90% for six DAEs, 70% to 80% for six DAEs, and less than 70% for four DAEs.CONCLUSIONThe development and validation of a uniform SGT with objective criteria for assigning severity of DAEs used together with standard reaction definitions will provide opportunities for comparison between blood centers and systems to enhance the field of DHV.
Hard palate defect repair by using haired angularis oris axial pattern flaps in dogs
Authors: Nakahara Nima , Mitchell Katherine , Straw Rod , Kung Marvin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the repair of large hard palate defects with a haired angularis oris axial pattern flap (HAOF) and to report the postoperative outcome.Study designAnatomical cadaver study and short case series.AnimalsOne cadaver and three dogs with neoplasia of the caudal hard palate.MethodsLarge caudal and central hard palate defects were reconstructed by using the HAOF. The flap, composed of full‐thickness skin and buccal mucosa, was rotated at the base of the angularis oris artery. The haired surface of the skin flap was placed facing into the oral cavity.ResultsReconstruction of defects extending as far rostral as the maxillary canine tooth were feasible on the cadaver. The flap in dog 1 healed without complication and was intact at day 649 after surgery. Two minor areas of dehiscence were noted in dog 2, without further evidence of complications at 1331 days after surgery. Dog 3 had upper respiratory obstructive noise due to swelling immediately after surgery. These signs resolved, but local recurrence of the tumor prompted euthanasia at day 86.ConclusionAnatomical studies provide evidence that the HAOF can be used to reconstruct caudal and central hard palate defects extending to the maxillary canine teeth. Its clinical use led to successful closure of such defects in three dogs.Clinical significanceHAOF provides an alternative for reconstruction of large defects of the caudal and central hard palate.
Epidemiology and genetic diversity of zoonotic pathogens in urban rats (Rattus spp.) from a subtropical city, Guangzhou, southern China
Authors: Su Qianqian , Chen Yi , Wang Bo , Huang Chengmei , Han Shuyi , Yuan Guohui , Zhang Qingxun , He Hongxuan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCommensal rats (Rattus spp.), which are globally distributed, harbour many pathogens responsible for significant human diseases. Despite this, we have a poor understanding of the epidemiology and genetic diversity of some recently neglected zoonotic pathogens, such as Leptospira spp., Bartonella spp. and hepatitis E virus (HEV), which constitute a major public health threat. Thus, we surveyed the occurrences, co‐infection and genetic diversity of these pathogens in 129 urban rats from China. For Rattus tanezumi, the prevalences of Leptospira spp., Bartonella spp. and HEV infection were 6.67%, 0% and 46.67%, respectively. The prevalences of Leptospira spp., Bartonella spp. and HEV infection were 57.89%, 9.65% and 57.89% for Rattus norvegicus respectively. Leptospira spp. and HEV infections were more likely to occur in mature R. norvegicus. Phylogenetic analyses showed that pathogenic Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira borgpetersenii might exist. We also found that Bartonella spp. showed high similarity to Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella rochalimae and Bartonella tribocorum, which are implicated in human disease. Dual and triple infections were both detected. Moreover, dual infections with Leptospira spp. and HEV represented the most frequent co‐infection, and there was a significantly positive association between them. High genetic diversity was observed in genes segments from Leptospira, Bartonella and HEV. Our results first discover the occurrence of multiple co‐infections and genetic diversity of Leptospira, Bartonella and HEV in commensal rats from China. Altogether, the present study provides an insight into evaluating the risk of rat‐borne zoonoses in urban China.
Training of a discrete motor skill in humans is accompanied by increased excitability of the fastest corticospinal connections at movement onset
Authors: Wiegel Patrick , Leukel Christian 
Published: May 2020

Key points
The primary motor cortex (M1) is fundamentally important for the acquisition of skilled motor behaviours.
We tested the excitability changes of distinct M1 circuits at movement onset with TMS H‐reflex conditioning.
Human subjects trained a discrete spatiotemporal motor skill. Practice was associated with reduced kinematic variability and improved motor performance.
Performance improvements were paralleled by task‐specific excitability increases of the fastest corticospinal connections at infragranular layer 5b of M1. No task‐related changes in excitability were observed at supragranular layers.
Excitability changes in the fastest corticospinal connections were not directly related to changes in motor performance.

AbstractThe primary motor cortex (M1) is fundamentally important for the acquisition of skilled motor behaviours. Recent advances in imaging and electrophysiological techniques have improved our understanding of M1 neural circuit modulation in rodents and non‐human primates during motor learning. However, little remains known about the learning‐related changes of distinct elements in the human brain. In this study, we tested excitability changes of different neural circuits (infragranular and supragranular layers) in the M1 of human subjects who underwent training in a discrete spatiotemporal motor skill. Excitability modulations were assessed by recording H‐reflex facilitation from transcranial magnetic stimulation at movement onset. Motor practice improved the consistency of movements and was accompanied by an excitability increase of the fastest corticospinal connections during the initial stages of motor practice. No such excitability changes were observed for training in a simple motor skill and circuits at supragranular layers of M1. Notably, changes in excitability were not associated with changes in motor performance. Our findings could reflect learning‐related increases in the recruitment and/or reorganisation of the fastest corticospinal connections.
Lyme borreliosis: diagnosis and management
Authors: Kullberg Bart Jan , Vrijmoeth Hedwig D , van de Schoor Freek , Hovius Joppe W 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLyme borreliosis is the most common vectorborne disease in the northern hemisphere. It usually begins with erythema migrans; early disseminated infection particularly causes multiple erythema migrans or neurologic disease, and late manifestations predominantly include arthritis in North America, and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) in Europe. Diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis is based on characteristic clinical signs and symptoms, complemented by serological confirmation of infection once an antibody response has been mounted. Manifestations usually respond to appropriate antibiotic regimens, but the disease can be followed by sequelae, such as immune arthritis or residual damage to affected tissues. A subset of individuals reports persistent symptoms, including fatigue, pain, arthralgia, and neurocognitive symptoms, which in some people are severe enough to fulfil the criteria for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome. The reported prevalence of such persistent symptoms following antimicrobial treatment varies considerably, and its pathophysiology is unclear. Persistent active infection in humans has not been identified as a cause of this syndrome, and randomized treatment trials have invariably failed to show any benefit of prolonged antibiotic treatment. For prevention of Lyme borreliosis, post-exposure prophylaxis may be indicated in specific cases, and novel vaccine strategies are under development.