bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelo de observatorio agropecuario del cambio climático en el departamento norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Núñez-Rodríguez Jose de jesus , Carvajal Rodriguez Julio César 
Published: July 2020

Los impactos del cambio climático en el sector agropecuario requieren de la implementación de herramientas técnicas de registro, sistematización, manejo y divulgación de la información entre los actores sociales involucrados. El Modelo de Observatorio Agropecuario del Cambio Climático en el departamento Norte de Santander (OACC), Colombia, realizado entre los años 2019 y 2020, tiene como objetivo monitorear el comportamiento del sector ante los impactos del cambio climático en 3 estaciones de estudio: planicie (220 msnm), montaña (1.051 msnm) y páramo (2.400 msnm). El diseño del Modelo ameritó el desarrollo de las fases: a) Caracterización de las áreas agropecuarias potenciales para la instalación del OACC en el departamento; b) Determinación con los actores sociales agropecuarios de la región la pertinencia, ubicación y características del OACC; c) Diseño del modelo de Observatorio; d) Análisis de la factibilidad técnica del modelo de OACC; e) Estudio de la sostenibilidad financiera del OACC y; f) Validación del modelo con expertos en las áreas ambientales, agropecuarias y sociales. El Observatorio utilizará informaciones provenientes de las instituciones públicas y privadas y las derivadas directamente en las 3 estaciones de estudio para generar indicadores ambientales, económicos, productivos y sociales, como insumos contextualizados y pertinentes, para la formulación de políticas, planes y programas de desarrollo socioeconómico, educación, investigación, manejo de riesgos e información para los actores sociales de la entidad.
Ecocide als internationaal misdrijf? Perspectieven op vervolging en berechting in Nederland
Authors: Sluiter G.K. (Göran) , van Straaten B. (Barbara) 
Published: July 2020

Ecocide als internationaal misdrijf? Perspectieven op vervolging en berechting in Nederland
Al geruime tijd leeft de wens ernstige milieumisdrijven (ecocide) onderdeel te laten uitmaken van het internationaal strafrecht, in het bijzonder de misdrijven waarover het Internationaal Strafhof rechtsmacht heeft. Het is op dit moment niet te voorspellen of en op welke wijze ecocide ooit volwaardig onderdeel gaat uitmaken van het positieve internationale strafrecht. Deze bijdrage richt zich op de vraag in hoeverre het actuele internationale strafrecht aanknopingspunten biedt voor vervolging van ecocide en op welke wijze Nederland in de nationale opsporings- en vervolgingspraktijk hiermee rekening zou moeten houden.
Hoe milieudoelstellingen en hardleersheid van de overheid milieucriminaliteit veroorzaken en in stand houden
Authors: Koopmans I.M. (Ingeborg) 
Published: July 2020

Hoe milieudoelstellingen en hardleersheid van de overheid milieucriminaliteit veroorzaken en in stand houden
In september 2019 is het rapport ‘De markt de baas’ van het Centrum voor Criminaliteitspreventie en Veiligheid verschenen. Het behelst een verkenning naar knelpunten in de uitvoeringspraktijk van toezicht en handhaving met betrekking tot milieucriminaliteit en is tot stand gekomen in opdracht van het Ministerie van Justitie en Veiligheid en het Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Waterstaat op verzoek van het Bestuurlijk Omgevingsberaad. Het is een niet al te lang en lezenswaardig rapport, waarin een aantal interessante waarnemingen staan vermeld. Dit artikel staat stil bij een aantal opvallende en zichzelf versterkende combinatie van deze waarnemingen uit dat rapport.
Coronacrisis en fraude: vier mogelijke relaties
Authors: Meerts Clarissa , Huisman Wim 
Published: July 2020

Corona crisis and fraud: four possible relationships
This contribution contains several concrete examples of ‘Corona crime’ thereby showing how the current crisis is creating new opportunities for committing crimes. The authors revert to an analysis framework that was previously used to interpret new forms of crime during the banking crisis. It consists of four scenarios that are briefly described. The future will have to show what effects the corona pandemic has had on fraud and other financial and economic crime.
Het verlies van geld, geluk en gezicht
Authors: Notté Raoul 
Published: July 2020

Romance scams, dating fraud and ‘sweetheart swindles’. The loss of money, happiness and face
Romance scams have seen a worldwide increase and are one of the most financially damaging forms of cybercrime. In addition, victims suffer strong emotional impact and are confronted with victim blaming. Research shows how the combination of various emotional and financial impact can induce a ‘double-hit’ on victims. Knowledge and possibilities for law enforcement are insufficient, which leads to a lack of financial compensation and support for victims.
Ons cybergedrag is veel onveiliger dan we zelf denken
Authors: van der Kleij Rick , van ’t Hoff-de Goede Susanne , van de Weijer Steve , Leukfeldt Rutger 
Published: July 2020

Our cyber behavior is much more unsafe than we think. Implications for effective government influence policy
The aim of this research was to examine how Dutch citizens behave online and to explain their online behavior. The results of an experimental survey (N=2,426) show that unsafe behavior is highly prevalent. For example, nearly 40% of the respondents use a weak password. However, it appears that there are major differences between self-reported behavior and objective behavior. The objective measurements in the survey show that people behave more unsafely than they self-report. The research further shows that there is no silver bullet for promoting more safe online behavior. Different online behaviors seem to stem from different sources. Nevertheless, the authors do see a lot of value in interventions that focus on adaptations to the technology that people use for online activities, such that the possibility of unsafe behavior is reduced and the possibility of safe behavior is increased – also known as security by design. There is a role here for policy measures encouraging technology manufacturers to make these adjustments.
Sexual misconduct by health professionals in Australia, 2011–2016: a retrospective analysis of notifications to health regulators
Authors: Bismark Marie M , Studdert David M , Morton Katinka , Paterson Ron , Spittal Matthew J , Taouk Yamna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the numbers of notifications to health regulators alleging sexual misconduct by registered health practitioners in Australia, by health care profession.Design, settingRetrospective cohort study; analysis of Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency and NSW Health Professional Councils Authority data on notifications of sexual misconduct during 2011–2016.ParticipantsAll registered practitioners in 15 health professions.Main outcome measuresNotification rates (per 10 000 practitioner‐years) and adjusted rate ratios (aRRs) by age, sex, profession, medical specialty, and practice location.ResultsRegulators received 1507 sexual misconduct notifications for 1167 of 724 649 registered health practitioners (0.2%), including 208 practitioners (18%) who were the subjects of more than one report during 2011–2016; 381 notifications (25%) alleged sexual relationships, 1126 (75%) sexual harassment or assault. Notifications regarding sexual relationships were more frequent for psychiatrists (15.2 notifications per 10 000 practitioner‐years), psychologists (5.0 per 10 000 practitioner‐years), and general practitioners (6.4 per 10 000 practitioner‐years); the rate was higher for regional/rural than metropolitan practitioners (aRR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.31–2.30). Notifications of sexual harassment or assault more frequently named male than female practitioners (aRR, 37.1; 95% CI, 26.7–51.5). A larger proportion of notifications of sexual misconduct than of other forms of misconduct led to regulatory sanctions (242 of 709 closed cases [34%] v 5727 of 23 855 [24%]).ConclusionsWhile notifications alleging sexual misconduct by health practitioners are rare, such misconduct has serious consequences for patients, practitioners, and the community. Further efforts are needed to prevent sexual misconduct in health care and to ensure thorough investigation of alleged misconduct.
Interactions between Terrestrial Cosmic-Ray Neutrons and III–V Compound Semiconductors
Authors: Munteanu Daniela , Autran Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2020

This work explores by numerical simulation the impact of high-energy atmospheric neutrons and their interactions with III–V binary compound semiconductors. The efforts have focused on eight III–V semiconductors: GaAs, AlAs, InP, InAs, GaSb, InSb, GaN, and GaP. For each material, extensive Geant4 numerical simulations have been performed considering a bulk target exposed to a neutron source emulating the atmospheric neutron spectrum at terrestrial level. Results emphasize in detail the reaction rates per type of reaction (elastic, inelastic, nonelastic) and offer a classification of all the neutron-induced secondary products as a function of their atomic number, kinetic energy, initial stopping power, and range. Implications for single-event effects (SEEs) are analyzed and discussed, notably in terms of energy and charge deposited in the bulk material and in the first nanometers of particle range with respect to the critical charge for modern complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies.
El Convenio de Oviedo y su adecuación a las nuevas técnicas de intervención del genoma humano
Authors: Jiménez González Joaquín 
Published: July 2020

El Convenio de Oviedo, habiendo supuesto un avance esencial en el derecho internacional de consenso en materia de derechos humanos y biomedicina, veintitrés años después necesita adecuarse a los nuevos avances científicos respecto a las técnicas de intervención de la línea germinal humana. Aceptando que éstas forman parte ya del contexto social, científico y jurídico de nuestra época, y que alguna de ellas necesita aún un intenso debate sobre su aplicación, como las técnicas de edición del genoma, analizamos en el presente trabajo cuales son las modificaciones que consideramos oportunas para que la norma incluya esta realidad y ofrezca mayor seguridad jurídica respecto a estas técnicas.

The Oviedo Convention, having supposed an essential advance of consensus in the international law in the matter of human rights and biomedicine, twenty-three years later needs to adapt to the new scientific advances regarding the techniques of intervention of the human germline. Accepting that this is already part of the social, scientific and legal context of our time, and that some of these techniques still need an intense debate on their application, such as genome editing techniques, we analyze in this work what are the modifications that we believe that they are necessary for this convention to include this reality and offer greater legal certainty regarding these techniques.
Actitud hacia las matemáticas en el Grado de Maestro de Primaria
Authors: Nortes Martínez-Artero Rosa , Nortes Checa Andrés 
Published: July 2020

La actitud hacia las matemáticas de los futuros maestros puede condicionar la enseñanza de esta materia en los primeros niveles educativos. Para conocer cual es la actitud de los alumnos del Grado de Maestro de Primaria se ha consultado a lo largo de seis cursos académicos a 1150 alumnos de la facultad de Educación de la universidad de CCC de 2.º, 3.º y 4.º. Se les ha aplicado el cuestionario de Auzmendi (1992) que consta de 25 ítems en una escala de Likert de 1 a 5. Los resultados indican que uno de cada tres alumnos tiene una actitud negativa (inferior a 3), y que los alumnos de 4.º tienen una actitud más alta. El ítem de mejor puntuación es uno del factor confianza y el de peor uno del factor agrado.
Future teachers' attitudes towards mathematics can influence the teaching of this subject-matter in the earlier years. In order to know their attitudes, 1,150 Primary Education students (2nd, 3rd and 4th years) of the Faculty of Education at the University of CCC were surveyed during 6 academic years. They were given the Auzmendi (1992) test which is composed of 25 items on a 1-5 Likert scale. The results show that 1 in 3 students has a negative attitude (lower than 3). They also show that men have a more favourable attitude than women and that 4th-year students have the highest attitude. The item with the highest score refers to the self-confidence factor whereas the one with the lowest score relates to the liking factor.
Arabidopsis thaliana exudates induce growth and proteomic changes in Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus
Authors: dos Santos Tamires Cruz , Leandro Mariana Ramos , Maia Clara Yohana , Rangel Patrícia , Soares Fabiano S. , Reis Ricardo , Passamani Lucas , Silveira Vanildo , de Souza Filho Gonçalo Apolinário 
Published: July 2020

Background
Plants interact with a variety of microorganisms during their life cycle, among which beneficial bacteria deserve special attention. Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is a beneficial bacterium able to fix nitrogen and promote plant growth. Despite its biotechnological potential, the mechanisms regulating the interaction between G. diazotrophicus and host plants remain unclear.

Methods
We analyzed the response of G. diazotrophicus to cocultivation with Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Bacterial growth in response to cocultivation and plant exudates was analyzed. Through comparative proteomic analysis, G. diazotrophicus proteins regulated during cocultivation were investigated. Finally, the role of some up-accumulated proteins in the response G. diazotrophicus to cocultivation was analyzed by reverse genetics, using insertion mutants.

Results
Our results revealed the induction of bacterial growth in response to cocultivation. Comparative proteomic analysis identified 450 bacterial proteins, with 39 up-accumulated, and 12 down-accumulated in response to cocultivation. Among the up-accumulated pathways, the metabolism of pentoses and protein synthesis were highlighted. Proteins potentially relevant to bacterial growth response such as ABC-F-Etta, ClpX, Zwf, MetE, AcnA, IlvC, and AccC were also increased. Reverse genetics analysis, using insertion mutants, revealed that the lack of ABC-F-Etta and AccC proteins severely affects G. diazotrophicus response to cocultivation. Our data demonstrated that specific mechanisms are activated in the bacterial response to plant exudates, indicating the essential role of “ribosomal activity” and “fatty acid biosynthesis” in such a process. This is the first study to demonstrate the participation of EttA and AccC proteins in plant-bacteria interactions, and open new perspectives for understanding the initial steps of such associations.
Identification of 10 Hub genes related to the progression of colorectal cancer by co-expression analysis
Authors: Meng Jie , Su Rui , Liao Yun , Li Yanyan , Li Ling 
Published: July 2020

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. The present study is aimed at identifying hub genes associated with the progression of CRC.

Method
The data of the patients with CRC were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and assessed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses performed in R by WGCNA, several hub genes that regulate the mechanism of tumorigenesis in CRC were identified. Differentially expressed genes in the data sets GSE28000 and GSE42284 were used to construct a co-expression network for WGCNA. The yellow, black and blue modules associated with CRC level were filtered. Combining the co-expression network and the PPI network, 15 candidate hub genes were screened.

Results
After validation using the TCGA-COAD dataset, a total of 10 hub genes (MT1X, MT1G, MT2A, CXCL8, IL1B, CXCL5, CXCL11, IL10RA, GZMB, KIT) closely related to the progression of CRC were identified. The expressions of MT1G, CXCL8, IL1B, CXCL5, CXCL11 and GZMB in CRC tissues were higher than normal tissues (p-value < 0.05). The expressions of MT1X, MT2A, IL10RA and KIT in CRC tissues were lower than normal tissues (p-value < 0.05).

Conclusions
By combinating with a series of methods including GO enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway analysis, PPI network analysis and gene co-expression network analysis, we identified 10 hub genes that were associated with the progression of CRC.
A descriptive analysis of clinical application of patient-reported outcome measures and screening tools for low back pain patients in US chiropractic teaching institutions
Authors: Cooper Jesse C. , Gliedt Jordan A. , Pohlman Katherine A. 
Published: July 2020

Objective
To describe the clinical use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and screening tools (STs) for low back pain (LBP) in clinics of chiropractic teaching institutions in the United States.

Methods
A descriptive analysis was completed with data collection achieved between June 2018 and March 2019. PROMs/STs were classified as disability/functional measures, pain measures, psychosocial measures, and other measures. Frequencies of use of PROM/ST instruments were calculated.

Results
Representatives from 18 of 19 chiropractic institutions (94.75%) provided a description of PROM/ST use for LBP in their teaching clinics. Seventeen institutions (94.4%) reported the routine clinical use of PROMs/STs for LBP. Disability/functional measures were the most common type of instruments used, followed by pain measures, psychosocial measures, and others. The 4 most common individual PROMs/STs reported were (1) Oswestry Disability Index, (2) a variation of a pain rating scale, (3) Keele STarT Back Tool, and (4) Patient Specific Functional Scale. Six out of 18 (33%) institutions reported the use of a PROM/ST specifically designed to focus on psychosocial influences.

Conclusion
Most chiropractic institution teaching clinics in the United States reported the clinical use of PROMs/STs for patients presenting with LBP. This mirrors trends in chiropractic literature of increasing use of PROMs/STs. A minority of institutions described the clinical use of a PROM/ST specifically designed to detect psychosocial influences.
Water Stress Alter Leaf Hydric Status and Flower Bud Development in Apricot cv. “Royal”
Authors: Ramírez H. , Alvarez A. I. Melendres- , González A. Zermeño- , Cantú D. Jasso- , Quintanilla J. A. Villarreal- 
Published: July 2020

Aims: The apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), is a drought-sensitive deciduous fruit. This concept arises from the fact that soil moisture stress can: Decrease the number and quality of flower buds differentiated; delay the time of flower differentiation and decrease the number of flower buds per shoot. The objectives of this investigation were to determine: The extent to which drought influences water status in the leaves; its effect on flower buds development and on bloom in apricot cv. “Royal”.
Study Design: Trees were divided into 6 groups of six replicate each under a random block design. Results were analyzed using the statistical program 'RStudio' for Windows version 10 and data obtained subjected to a comparison of means with the Tukey (P≤0.05) test.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the Department of Horticulture in Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Mexico, during 2018-2019.
Methodology: Seven-year-old apricot trees growing in containers were subjected to a 4 to 5week period of water stress at different times during the growing season. Leaf water potential was periodically measured and flower bud development was followed from early differentiation up to full bloom.
Results: Leaf water potential in water stressed trees was constantly low. Water stress early in the season induced a delay in bud development during late summer and fall. Water stress late in the season did not appreciably affect the rate of bud development. Full bloom was delayed when water stress was applied in late summer and fall. Water stress at flower bud initiation and differentiation, together with high temperatures, may have induced flowers with double pistils. Water stress from April through October did not induce flower drop.
Conclusion: Soil water stress severely affect leaf water potential; delays flower bud development and may induce flowers with double pistils without flower drop.
Effects Of Short And Long-Term Administration Of Alfalfa On Testicular Histomorphometry In Rats
Authors: Hadadi M. , Mohammadi G. , Erfani N. , Fatemi R. 
Published: July 2020

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a plant with phytoestrogenic properties, which has been used as a major part of diets in husbandry. Since there are controversial reports related to the effects of alfalfa consumption on animal fertility, its effects on rat testicular tissue were assessed in the present study. Control (n=15) and alfalfa (n=15) groups were fed with ordinary rat chow and ordinary rat chow plus alfalfa, respectively. Testicles were removed after 30, 45, and 60 days of consumption, and tissue sections were prepared to assess histomorphometric changes related to alfalfa consumption.
Based on the results, there was no significant difference in length, width, and volume of testes of treated rats to control in all groups. But the number of testicular spermatogonia cells, primary spermatocyte cells, primary spermatid cells, testicular spermatozoid cells and Leydig cells significantly or insignificantly increased in rats that received alfalfa for 30 days but all of these parameters insignificantly decreased in rats that received alfalfa for 60 days. The cause of these changes may be due to estrogenic or anti-estrogenic, antioxidant and endocrine effects of alfalfa.
Conclusion: Consumption of alfalfa for short time had only a transient positive effects on testicular tissues but use of alfalfa for 60 days had little destructive effects on testicular tissue in rats. So longer durations of time could be suggested for further research on the effects of alfalfa on rat’s reproduction index.