bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wolbachia: a possible weapon for controlling dengue in Nepal
Authors: Khadka Sujan , Proshad Ram , Thapa Alina , Acharya Krishna Prasad , Kormoker Tapos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDengue, a mosquito-borne viral infectious disease, causes a high morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. In Nepal, the first case of dengue was reported in 2004 followed by frequent outbreaks in subsequent years, with the largest being in 2019 taking the death toll of six. It is reported that the number of dengue fever cases are soaring in Nepal spreading from the plains to more hilly regions. This might have serious public health implications in the future when combined with other factors, such as: global warming, lack of early detection and treatment of dengue, lack of diagnostic facilities, poor healthcare systems and mosquito control strategies. Nepal, thus, needs a cost-effective mosquito control strategy for the prevention and control of dengue. The Wolbachia-mediated biological method of the dengue control strategy is novel, economic, and environment-friendly. It has been successfully trialed in several areas of dengue-prone countries of the world, including Australia, Malaysia, Vietnam etc. resulting in significant reductions in dengue incidence. Given the lack of effective vector control strategy and weak economic condition of the country along with the persistence of climate and environment conditions that favors the host (Aedes mosquito) for Wolbachia, this approach can be a promising option to control dengue in Nepal.
Chinese cultural view, the inner idea of Confucianism and the intuitionism of the Taoist school—comments on The Silver Wings: a scholarly sequel to the Golden Wing
Authors: Jing Du 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Silver Wings: Local Society and Cultural Changes in China (1920s–1980s) is a representative ethnographic work since the reconstruction of Chinese anthropology in the late 1970s. It used the perspective of cultural change to make a return visit to the field sites described in the book “The Golden Wing”. What is most academic valuable about the book is its methodological implications. To be specific, the book refers to the concept of “culture” in Chinese historical documents, putting the issues examined into the framework of the relationship between state and local society in the long course of Chinese history. In the field work, the author’s use of intuitive research methods and the look-back method is also commendable. If we want to understand this book exactly, it is best to combine the two films the author made, Dragon Boat Festival and winter solstice, because they form a semantic chain. In short, The Silver Wings is an excellent work of anthropology, it had lead Chinese cultural anthropology into a new historical period.
DGAT1 polymorphism in Egyptian Zaraibi goat breed and their association with milk yield and composition
Authors: Eid Jehane I. , Teleb Doaa F. , Mohamed Shaimaa A. , El-Ghor Akmal A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe triacylglycerols in milk fat determine the physical and functional properties of dairy products rich in milk fat. Therefore, understanding the variability of genes related to fat synthesis is important for food production. We investigated the effect of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) gene polymorphism on milk production parameters of the Zaraibi goat. Milk components were estimated by infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP) were used to detect genetic variants in DGAT1 genes. The amplified products were sequenced and aligned to the caprine reference sequence of this gene.ResultsTwo alleles (T and C) were identified in Zaraibi goats. The T allele resulted in one silent mutation while the C allele specified two-point mutations: one was located within a non-coding region (T703C) and the other (T713C) causing a Ile → Thr substitution in the deduced amino acid sequence. Moreover, the DGAT1 polymorphism significantly (p< 0.05) affected total solid content of milk, wherein harboring CC genotype had significantly higher amount of total solid than those with TC genotype. Milk contents and yields did not differ significantly between goats with CC and TC genotype.ConclusionThese results advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of Zaraibi milk composition and will help to improve the management and breeding program of the Egyptian dairy goat.Graphical Abstract
Molecular identification of a Heterorhabditis entomopathogenic nematode isolated from the northernmost region of South Africa
Authors: Lulamba Tshikala Eddie , Serepa-Dlamini Mahloro Hope 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are among the frequently used and commercialized bio-pesticides. However, they are restricted in their infectivity, persistence, storage, and cost of production. One of the methods used to improve this is a continuous search for new isolates with significant behavioral and physiological characteristics. A novel EPN isolate, Heterorhabditis zealandica strain ETL, isolated from South Africa (GPS co-ordinates − 24.849721 and 28.336980) is described and studied against late-instar of Galleria mellonella (L.) and Tenebrio mollitor (L.) larvae. The morphological and molecular studies indicated this isolate as a Heterorhabditis strain. The comparison of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the 18S rRNA gene, and the D2-D3 region of the 28S rRNA gene with available sequences of other described species within the genus indicate the isolate as a new Heterorhabditis zealandica strain. The phylogenetic analysis of the sequence data places strain ETL, closest to H. zealandica strain Bartow (GU174009) in the Heterorhabditis group. This EPN was lethal to G. mellonella and T. mollitor; as infections occurred within 24–96 h. Fifty percent of the larvae population were killed within 24 h and 100% after 96 h.
The green economy transition: the challenges of technological change for sustainability
Authors: Söderholm Patrik 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Green Economy is an alternative vision for growth and development; one that can generate economic development and improvements in people’s lives in ways consistent with advancing also environmental and social well-being. One significant component of a green economy strategy is to promote the development and adoption of sustainable technologies. The overall objective of this article is to discuss a number of challenges encountered when pursuing sustainable technological change, and that need to be properly understood by policy makers and professionals at different levels in society. We also identify some avenues for future research. The discussions center on five challenges: (a) dealing with diffuse – and ever more global – environmental risks; (b) achieving radical and not just incremental sustainable technological change; (c) green capitalism and the uncertain business-as-usual scenario; (d) the role of the state and designing appropriate policy mixes; and (e) dealing with distributional concerns and impacts. The article argues that sustainable technological change will require a re-assessment of the roles of the private industry and the state, respectively, and that future research should increasingly address the challenges of identifying and implementing novel policy instrument combinations in various institutional contexts.
How well do elderly patients do after total knee arthroplasty in the era of fast-track surgery?
Authors: Cheung Amy , Fu Henry , Cheung Man Hong , Chan Wai Kwan Vincent , Chan Ping Keung , Yan Chun Hoi , Chiu Kwong Yuen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the elderly population is becoming increasingly prevalent. This study aimed to compare outcomes of patients aged ≥80 years with those aged < 80 years at time of TKA and to assess the effect of fast track peri-operative care on outcomes in the elderly.

Materials and methods
422 TKAs were performed in aged ≥80 at the time of surgery between 2009 and 2018. A control group aged < 80 years (37–79 +/− 7.6) was established. Peri-operative mortality, complications, 30-day re-admission, length of stay (LOS) and rehabilitation parameters were recorded.

Results
Mean age at operation for the ≥80’s group and control group was 82.7 (80–93+/− 2.5) and 69.3 (37–79+/− 7.6) years respectively. Post-operative Knee Society Functional Assessment (KSFA) scores were higher in the control group (49 vs. 57, p = 0.003). Average LOS was longer in the ≥80’s group (17.2 vs. 12.4 days respectively, p < 0.01). Mortality within 3 months of operation was 0.7% in the ≥80 group and 0% in the control group. Incidence of complications was comparable between the two groups at 12.8 and 12.9% for the group ≥80’s and control groups respectively (p = 0.962). Patients ≥80 years, receiving fast track peri-operative care had significantly shorter LOS and higher post-operative KSFA scores at all time points post-operation and shorter LOS (p < 0.01) compared to those who received conventional rehabilitation. LOS was longer in the ≥80’s group, which was likely related to higher levels of comorbidities. Complications were comparable in the two groups but were more severe in the elderly. Mortality rate after TKA was very low even in those over the age of 80. Younger patients benefited more in terms of functional improvement after TKA.

Conclusion
TKA is a safe and efficacious procedure for the elderly. More severe complications, longer length of stay and smaller gains in functional improvement can be expected in the elderly compared to younger patients. Fast track peri-operative care is useful in improving outcomes after TKA for elderly patients.
Hesperetin alleviates doxorubicin-induced migration in 4T1 breast cancer cells
Authors: Yunita Erma , Muflikhasari Haruma Anggraini , Ilmawati Gagas Pradani Nur , Meiyanto Edy , Hermawan Adam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Hesperetin (Hst), a citrus flavanone, is widely distributed among citrus fruits, including lemons. Hst has been shown to possess bioactivity as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, hypolipidemic, vasoprotector, and anticancer agent. This study aimed to identify potential combinations of Hst and the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (Dox) as co-chemotherapy agents against 4T1 murine metastatic breast cancer cells.

Results
MTT assay results showed that Hst exhibited cytotoxic effect in 4T1 cells, and its combination with Dox showed a synergistic effect based on the CI value. The combination of Hst and Dox increased G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. The combination of Hst and Dox inhibited migration and decreased MMP-9 expression in 4T1 cells.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the results of this study show that Hst has potential as a Dox co-chemotherapy against 4T1 cells by inducing G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. More importantly, Hst reduces Dox-induced migration and decreases MMP-9 expression.
Development of electrospun keratin/coenzyme Q10/poly vinyl alcohol nanofibrous scaffold containing mupirocin as potential dressing for infected wounds
Authors: Amajuoyi Joyce N. , Ilomuanya Margaret O. , Asantewaa-Osei Yaa , Azubuike Chukwuemeka P. , Adeosun Samson O. , Igwilo Cecilia I. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Nanostructured wound dressings produced by electrospinning biocompatible polymers possess great potential because they resemble the natural extracellular matrix and support cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. This study seeks to fabricate mupirocin, keratin, and coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10)-loaded PVA electrospun scaffolds intended for wound healing application and to characterize their morphology, physical properties, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (10% w/v), various concentrations of keratin/Co Q10 fibrous scaffolds (electrospun at a voltage of 50 kV, flow rate of 4 mL/h), and 2% mupirocin was designed and fabricated to activate keratinocytes in the wound bed, stimulate cell proliferation, and increase antimicrobial penetration.

Results
The diameters of the scaffolds were observed to be in the nanoparticulate range 2.11 ± 0.20 to 3.27 ± 0.10 nm. By 30 min, all the scaffolds had more than 50% of the cumulative concentration of mupirocin released with 51.06 ± 2.104% to 74.66 ± 1.72% of mupirocin released. At 1 h, 80% of the mupirocin in the scaffold was seen to have diffused out of the scaffold. Release of mupirocin was modulated; an initial burst release was followed by sustained release over 2 h. Electrospun keratin/Co Q10/PVA scaffold containing mupirocin showed excellent antimicrobial activity against all the clinical isolates of 2586, Staphylococcus aureus 2590, 2583, 2587, 2555. All the electrospun scaffolds showed higher cell viability values than the control at 48 and 72 h, with the optimized CoQ10 scaffold concentration being 0.05% w/w.

Conclusion
Electrospun nanofibers combining the biocompatibility potential of PVA with the bioactive nature of keratin (0.01% w/w) and CoQ10 (0.5% w/w) and the antibacterial property of mupirocin as a new potential for proper wound care was successfully developed. The cell line studies on this electrospun scaffold (PKCM 3) showed their ability to support the growth of keratinocytes hence the potential of developed scaffolds as a wound dressing. In vivo studies to further investigate the applications of the electrospun keratin/Co Q10/PVA nanofibrous scaffold as a wound dressing is however required.
Strengthening mycology research through coordinated access to microbial culture collection strains
Authors: Smith D. , Kermode A. , Cafà G. , Buddie A. G. , Caine T. S. , Ryan M. J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Well-managed genetic resources and associated metadata are essential to
underpin research addressing the challenges to food security, healthcare, climate
change, biodiversity, environment, education and our bio-based economy. Culture
collections have supported microbiology research for over 100 years, whether they are
collections belonging to individual scientists or institutional repositories. The 790
collections registered with the World Data Centre for Microorganisms (WDCM) together
hold over three million strains representing a wide range of microbial diversity. This
review provides an overview of the uses and outputs of collections that support work in
mycology, agriculture and the environment. Further, it focusses on the advantages of
coordinating efforts and establishes recommendations to improve resource provisions for
research and the development of the necessary infrastructure. The CABI living resource
collection provides an example that holds over 28,000 strains of fungi from 100 years of
research in mycology. In the modern era, microbial interventions and solutions require
knowledge not only of those microorganisms that can be grown and preserved axenically
but also whole microbial communities: i.e. ‘microbiomes’. Current technologies enable us
to access this latter, hidden resource, thereby facilitating a better understanding of
how to harness and manipulate microbial communities to improve crop yields and allow
successful interventions such as biocontrol of pests, diseases and invasive species. The
WDCM Analyzer of Bio-resource Citations reports that 79,224 strains from 131 collections
from 50 countries have been cited in 145,133 papers published in 50,307 journals from
January, 1953 until April, 2020. These organisms have a multitude of uses, for example
as sources of antibiotics, therapeutic drugs and other active agents. They have been
applied widely including in the biodegradation, bioremediation, biotransformation and
biotreatment of wastes. Further uses include interventions in agriculture for soil and
plant health or biological control of pests and diseases. All of the above may be
achieved by individual institutions but, by working together, collections can form a
critical mass to focus on key global issues and can achieve much more. Mechanisms are
suggested for coordinating collections in order to deliver a more comprehensive support
system in the advancement of science and innovation.
KNOW YOUR CONCUSSIONS: ATHLETES AND FITNESS PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Huang Chiming , Justice Greg , Still Art , Gordon Isabelle , Huang Rosa , Moncure Michael 
Published: June 2020

Apply It!
Concussion is at the intersection of sports and medicine. Recognizing the nature of a concussion is the first step. Although launching an effective countermeasure to reduce concussion risk remains challenging for the sports medicine community, we hope to do the following:
• Health and fitness professionals should use the knowledge and data on concussion prevalence in contact sports presented in the first part of the article to increase awareness of the public at large about the risks of concussions.
• Explain the biological mechanisms after a head impact and their associated short- and long-term consequences to emphasize the importance of concussion prevention.
• Inform athletes to minimize head impact events in sports. Even subconcussive head impact events can have serious long-term consequences. Use the information on the physics of impact events to understand the role of neck stiffness. Be on the lookout for concussion avoidance training protocols such as neck stiffness training based on evidence from the physics of collisions, biomechanics, and neuroscience.
• Encourage athletes, children, and their parents to participate in sports with player safety in mind so children can learn about athleticism, competitiveness, teamwork, and grit without risking traumatic brain injuries.
In between: Time and self evaporations during quarantine
Authors: Tragou Elena 
Published: June 2020

This pandemic forced upon us a change in our work and life habits. As all professionals in the mental health area, I started working from home, using digital platforms for online psychotherapy sessions. That helped me and my clients stay connected, strengthening our sense of synergy, alliance and care. As confidentiality and safety protocol issues remained intact, I was feeling more at ease with internet use, embracing the digital world and concentrating on my therapeutic work. As that was happening, my therapeutic relational choices took an uncommon turn, bringing forth some interesting creative work between my clients and myself. I started feeling “in between”, as if my sense of self was evaporating in time and space, flirting around with a freshly emerged sense of intra- and inter-connections. This vignette outlines how this trancestic experience unfolded and how much intrapsychic travelling took place with zero tolerance to physical or social distance.
The deep(er) roots of Eukaryotes and Akaryotes
Authors: Harish Ajith , Morrison David 
Published: June 2020

Background: Locating the root node of the “tree of life” (ToL) is one of the hardest problems in phylogenetics, given the time depth. The root-node, or the universal common ancestor (UCA), groups descendants into organismal clades/domains. Two notable variants of the two-domains ToL (2D-ToL) have gained support recently. One 2D-ToL posits that eukaryotes (organisms with nuclei) and akaryotes (organisms without nuclei) are sister clades that diverged from the UCA, and that Asgard archaea are sister to other archaea. The other 2D-ToL proposes that eukaryotes emerged from within archaea and places Asgard archaea as sister to eukaryotes. Williams et al. ( Nature Ecol. Evol. 4: 138–147; 2020) re-evaluated the data and methods that support the competing two-domains proposals and concluded that eukaryotes are the closest relatives of Asgard archaea. Critique: The poor resolution of the archaea in their analysis, despite employing amino acid alignments from thousands of proteins and the best-fitting substitution models, contradicts their conclusions. We argue that they overlooked important aspects of estimating evolutionary relatedness and assessing phylogenetic signal in empirical data. Which 2D-ToL is better supported depends on which kind of molecular features are better for resolving common ancestors at the roots of clades – protein-domains or their component amino acids. We focus on phylogenetic character reconstructions necessary to describe the UCA or its closest descendants in the absence of reliable fossils. Clarifications: It is well known that different character types present different perspectives on evolutionary history that relate to different phylogenetic depths. We show that protein structural-domains support more reliable phylogenetic reconstructions of deep-diverging clades in the ToL. Accordingly, Eukaryotes and Akaryotes are better supported clades in a 2D-ToL.
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25(OH)D levels and blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Farapti Farapti , Fadilla Chusnul , Yogiswara Niwanda 
Published: June 2020

Background: Hypertension and vitamin D deficiency are prevalent among the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and blood pressure (BP) in the elderly (age > 60 years). Methods: Randomized controlled trials from electronic databases on the elderly taking oral vitamin D, until the end of March 2019, were selected. Two reviewers independently screened the literature on the basis of specific inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes were serum 25(OH)D level, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) changes. Results: Our analysis revealed significant differences in serum 25(OH)D level changes between the vitamin D and control groups (mean difference [MD] = 13.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.21–17.47; P < 0.000). There were no significant differences in SBP and DBP changes between the vitamin D and control groups. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in SBP changes between the hypertensive and vitamin D-deficient subgroups (MD = –4.01; 95% CI = –7.45 to –0.57; P = 0.02 and MD = –1.91; 95% CI = –3.48 to –0.34; P = 0.02, respectively), and DBP changes only in the hypertensive subgroup (MD = –2.22; 95% CI = –4.1 to –0.34; P = 0.02). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation significantly increases 25(OH)D levels and seems beneficial in lowering BP, specifically in the elderly with elevated BP and vitamin D deficiency.