bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality‐cum‐price sorting
Authors: Jäkel Ina C. , Sørensen Allan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper provides new evidence on how export status relates to prices and product quality. Using firm‐product‐level data on production, exports and imports for a sample of Danish manufacturing firms, we present three key correlations. First, exported varieties are on average sold at lower prices relative to only domestically sold varieties. Second, exported varieties have higher quality measured by ‘demand residuals’ (i.e., they have larger sales conditional on price). Finally, exported varieties are produced using cheaper imported intermediates. We introduce the term ‘quality‐cum‐price sorting’ to describe this sorting environment. The observed sorting behaviour in terms of output quality and import prices works not just across firms, but also within multi‐product firms across the product portfolio. In contrast, the negative exporter premium in terms of output prices vanishes once firm‐level unobservables are accounted for—consistent with the idea that unobserved firm efficiency is driving the negative correlation.
Análisis de marcadores STR sobre el cromosoma X en una población de Bogotá
Authors: Fuentes Luz Myriam , Sánchez Daissy Lorena , Gómez Yenny Milena , Restrepo Carlos Martín , Gutiérrez Andrés , Fonseca Dora Janeth 
Published: January 2020

El análisis de marcadores del cromosoma X ha sido ampliamente usado en el área de la genética clínica, particularmente, para el análisis molecular de enfermedades ligadas al X. Recientemente, se han reconocido muchas repeticiones cortas en tándem (Short Tandem Repeats, STR) sobre este cromosoma, por su importancia en análisis forense y de paternidad. Los marcadores gonosómicos son especialmente eficientes para resolver casos difíciles, ya que las probabilidades de exclusión media son mayores que con los marcadores STR autosómicos.
Actualización sobre la enfermedad de Peyronie
Authors: Silva José Miguel , Rodríguez Santiago , Sáenz María Paula 
Published: January 2020

La enfermedad de Peyronie es un trastorno de la túnica albugínea del pene caracterizada por la formación de placas fibrosas que conlleva a curvaturas patológicas del mismo.El presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisar los nuevos conceptos y los avances en los tratamientos, tanto quirúrgicos como no quirúrgicos, los orales o intralesionales, para manejar adecuadamente al paciente o para seguir un tratamiento que conlleve la mejoría de la sintomatología y de la calidad de vida de los hombres que padecen esta enfermedad.La enfermedad de Peyronie es un trastorno que no es tan infrecuente en la población masculina, que se acompaña de disfunción eréctil, una de las alteraciones que genera más consultas urológicas.
Bajo polimorfismo en el sistema de antígenos de leucocitos humanos en población mestiza colombiana
Authors: Ávila-Portillo Luz Mabel , Carmona Alejandra , Franco Leidy , Briceño Ignacio , Casas María Consuelo , Gómez Alverto 
Published: January 2020

Objetivo. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir la frecuencia de alelos y de haplotipos de antígenos HLA de clases I y II en población mestiza colombiana.Metodología. Se estudiaron 197 individuos colombianos no emparentados y 157 individuos emparentados que conformaban 53 familias, provenientes de diferentes regiones del país, remitidos para estudios de HLA de clases I y II por el método PCR-SSP a los laboratorios de inmunología del Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá y al Instituto de Referencia Andino.Resultados. El haplotipo HLA-A*24 B*35 DR*04 fue el más frecuente en la población estudiada, lo cual concuerda con otros estudios de mestizos colombianos.Conclusiones. El desequilibrio de Hardy-Weinberg hallado en la población analizada en el presente estudio, debe alertar sobre una eventual reducción en el repertorio de respuesta inmunitaria en los colombianos, lo cual podría ser el origen de una consecuente fragilidad de la población frente a nuevas infecciones que podrían convertirse en epidemias.
Síndrome de Coffin-Lowry
Authors: Martínez Nancy , Orlando Ricardo , Muñoz Kelly José 
Published: January 2020

El síndrome de Coffin-Lowry es una enfermedad genética ligada al cromosoma X, caracterizada por múltiples deformidades esqueléticas, talla baja, retraso en el desarrollo neurológico, además de alteraciones renales, auditivas y otras. Si no se detecta y trata en forma temprana, lleva al paciente a pérdida de la audición neurosensorial y deformidad progresiva de la columna vertebral.Se presenta el caso de un niño de 10 años con los hallazgos clínicos característicos del síndrome de Coffin-Lowry: hipotonía, retardo del crecimiento y del desarrollo psicomotor, y deformidades esqueléticas progresivas. Se resalta la importancia de un diagnóstico precoz para mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente, controlando la pérdida de la audición neurosensorial y la deformidad progresiva de la columna vertebral (escoliosis o cifosis).
Linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central de la fosa posterior en un paciente joven
Authors: Roldán Tatiana , Zorro Óscar , Villalobos Luis María , Rodríguez Lina María 
Published: January 2020

El linfoma primario del sistema nervioso central es una neoplasia rara que se encuentra con relativa frecuencia en pacientes con inmunosupresión.Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 38 años sin antecedentes relevantes, a quien se le resecó un tumor del ángulo ponto-cerebeloso izquierdo, cuya anatomopatología reportó un linfoma B de célula grande muy maligno. Se hicieron estudios en busca de inmunosupresión, los que fueron negativos. La paciente no se encontraba en el rango de edad de presentación de este tipo de tumor y sólo estudios moleculares genéticos podrían dar alguna explicación a este caso.
Medicación potencialmente inapropiada en ancianos en un hospital de cuarto nivel en Bogotá
Authors: Holguín Esperanza , Orozco José Gilberto 
Published: January 2020

Introducción. La prescripción inapropiada de medicamentos es un problema reconocido, al cual los ancianos son una población vulnerable.Objetivo. Describir la medicación potencialmente inapropiada en ancianos atendidos en consulta ambulatoria en un hospital de cuarto nivel de Bogotá en 2007.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de corte transversal. Como criterios de medicación potencialmente inapropiada en ancianos se utilizaron los propuestos por Beers, actualizados en 2002. La información se obtuvo de la última consulta registrada en la historia clínica en 2007, de una muestra de 420 ancianos que asistieron a consulta ambulatoria en un hospital de cuarto nivel.Resultados.El promedio de medicamentos prescritos fue de 3,2. El 61,95% de los pacientes recibía múltiples medicamentos. Los grupos de medicamentos más frecuentemente prescritos fueron aquellos con acción sobre el aparato cardiovascular (34,7%), el aparato digestivo y el metabolismo (18,1%), y el sistema nervioso (14,6%). Según los criterios de Beers, 20,7% de los pacientes recibió medicación potencialmente inapropiada en ancianos. Se encontró asociación de dicha medicación con la administración de múltiples medicamentos. Hubo mayor frecuencia de medicación potencialmente inapropiada en ancianos con diagnósticos de enfermedades del aparato circulatorio y con la prescripción de fármacos que actúan sobre el sistema nervioso. A 15% de los pacientes se les prescribió medicamentos que pueden generar problemas no clasificados como medicación potencialmente inapropiada en ancianos por Beers.Conclusiones. La medicación potencialmente inapropiada en ancianos es un problema frecuente. Es necesario adecuar y complementar los criterios de Beers a diferentes contextos.
A Predictive Analytics Tool to Provide Visibility Into Completion of Work Orders in Supply Chain Systems
Authors: Liu Jundi , Hwang Steven , Yund Walter , Neidig Joel D. , Hartford Scott M. , Ng Boyle Linda , Banerjee Ashis G. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In current supply chain operations, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) procure parts from hundreds of globally distributed suppliers, which are often small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs). The SMEs also obtain parts from many other dispersed suppliers, some of whom act as sole sources of critical parts, leading to the creation of complex supply chain networks. These characteristics necessitate having a high degree of visibility into the flow of parts through the networks to facilitate decision making for OEMs and SMEs, alike. However, such visibility is typically restricted in real-world operations due to limited information exchange among the buyers and suppliers. Therefore, we need an alternate mechanism to acquire this kind of visibility, particularly for critical prediction problems, such as purchase orders deliveries and sales orders fulfillments, together referred as work orders completion times. In this paper, we present one such surrogate mechanism in the form of supervised learning, where ensembles of decision trees are trained on historical transactional data. Furthermore, since many of the predictors are categorical variables, we apply a dimension reduction method to identify the most influential category levels. Results on real-world supply chain data show effective performance with substantially lower prediction errors than the original completion time estimates. In addition, we develop a web-based visibility tool to facilitate the real-time use of the prediction models. We also conduct a structured usability test to customize the tool interface. The testing results provide multiple helpful suggestions on enhancing the ease-of-use of the tool.
Multimorbidity patterns in chronic older patients, potentially inappropriate prescribing and adverse drug reactions: protocol of the multicentre prospective cohort study MoPIM
Authors: Baré Marisa , Herranz Susana , Jordana Rosa , Gorgas Maria Queralt , Ortonobes Sara , Sevilla Daniel , De Jaime Elisabet , Ibarra Olatz , Martín Candelaria 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionMultimorbidity is a major challenge for current healthcare systems and professionals. From the different approaches that have been proposed to analyse this issue, the hypothesis of the existence of association patterns of different chronic conditions is gaining visibility. In addition, multimorbidity can be associated to polypharmacy, which can lead to a higher risk of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) and consequently to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The general objective of this novel study is to identify the association between PIP, multimorbidity patterns, polypharmacy and the presence of ADRs in older patients admitted for exacerbation of chronic diseases.Methods and analysisThe MoPIM (morbidity, potentially inappropriate medication) study is a multicentre prospective cohort study of an estimated sample of 800 older (≥65 years) patients admitted to five general hospitals in Spain due to an exacerbation of a chronic disease. Patients referred to home hospitalisation, admitted due to an acute process or with a fatal outcome expected at the time of admission are excluded. Sociodemographic data, chronic morbidities and geriatric syndromes, number of chronic prescribed medications, PIP at admission to hospital and on discharge, according to the newest screening tool of older screening tool of older person's potentially inappropriate prescriptions/screening tool to alert doctors to right treatment criteria, and ADRs during hospitalisation are being collected. Multimorbidity patterns will be identified using cluster analyses techniques, and the frequency of polypharmacy, PIP and ADRs will be calculated. Finally, the possible relationship between those indicators will be identified through bivariate and multivariate analyses.Ethics and disseminationThe project has been approved by the clinical research ethics committees of each centre: Comité Ético de investigación Clínica del Parc Taulí, Comitè Ètic d'Investigació Clínica Osona per a la Recerca i Educació Sanitàries (FORES), Comité de Ètica de la Investigación con Medicamentos (CEIm)-Parc de Salut MAR, Comité Ético de Investigación Clínica de Euskadi, Comité de Ética de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de Canarias. The results will be actively and mainly disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and communications in scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNCT02830425.
Predicted Prognosis of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer by Machine Learning
Authors: Yokoyama Seiya , Hamada Taiji , Higashi Michiyo , Matsuo Kei , Maemura Kosei , Kurahara Hiroshi , Horinouchi Michiko , Hiraki Tsubasa , Sugimoto Tomoyuki , Akahane Toshiaki , Yonezawa Suguru , Kornmann Marko , Batra Surinder K. , Hollingsworth Michael A. , Tanimoto Akihide 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose:Pancreatic cancer remains a disease of high mortality despite advanced diagnostic techniques. Mucins (MUC) play crucial roles in carcinogenesis and tumor invasion in pancreatic cancers. MUC1 and MUC4 expression are related to the aggressive behavior of human neoplasms and a poor patient outcome. In contrast, MUC2 is a tumor suppressor, and we have previously reported that MUC2 is a favorable prognostic factor in pancreatic neoplasia. This study investigates whether the methylation status of three mucin genes from postoperative tissue specimens from patients with pancreatic neoplasms could serve as a predictive biomarker for outcome after surgery.Experimental Design:We evaluated the methylation status of MUC1, MUC2, and MUC4 promoter regions in pancreatic tissue samples from 191 patients with various pancreatic lesions using methylation-specific electrophoresis. Then, integrating these results and clinicopathologic features, we used support vector machine-, neural network-, and multinomial-based methods to develop a prognostic classifier.Results:Significant differences were identified between the positive- and negative-prediction classifiers of patients in 5-year overall survival (OS) in the cross-validation test. Multivariate analysis revealed that these prognostic classifiers were independent prognostic factors analyzed by not only neoplastic tissues but also nonneoplastic tissues. These classifiers had higher predictive accuracy for OS than tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and age and can complement the prognostic value of the TNM staging system.Conclusions:Analysis of epigenetic changes in mucin genes may be of diagnostic utility and one of the prognostic predictors for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Comparing Patient Survival of Home Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Choi Soo Jeong , Obi Yoshitsugu , Ko Gang Jee , You Amy S. , Eriguchi Rieko , Wang Mengjing , Rhee Connie M. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar 
Published: January 2020

<b><i>Background:</i></b> It is not clear whether peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD) have similar outcomes, and little is known about how mortality associated with HHD versus PD differs according to the duration of dialysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We examined a national cohort of incident end-stage renal disease patients that was comprised of 1,993 and 16,514 patients transitioning to HHD and PD, respectively, from 2007 to 2011. The HHD patients were matched with PD patients using propensity score (PS). Demographics, comorbidities, duration of dialysis, and body mass index were adjusted for in logistic regression models using PS matching. We matched 1,915 HHD patients with 1,915 PD patients based on the PS. The patients were categorized by their vintage (duration of dialysis) at the time of the transition to HHD or PD (&#x3c;3, 3 to &#x3c;12, and ≥12 months). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In the matched cohort, 237 and 359 deaths occurred in the HHD and PD patients, respectively (cumulative incidence 9.6 vs. 12.9/100 patient-years, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). PD patients who transitioned within 12 months of starting dialysis had similar mortality risks, while PD patients who transitioned &#x3e;12 months after starting dialysis had an 83% higher risk for mortality (hazard ratio 1.83; 95% CI 1.33–2.52). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Whereas there was no meaningful survival difference in the first 12 months between HHD and PD, patients who transitioned to PD after 12 months of dialysis had worse survival than their HHD counterparts. Additional studies are warranted to investigate clinical implications of these differences.
Increased Access to and Use of Endovascular Therapy Following Implementation of a 2-Tiered Regional Stroke System
Authors: Bosson Nichole , Gausche-Hill Marianne , Saver Jeffrey L , Sanossian Nerses , Tadeo Richard , Clare Christine , Perez Lorrie , Williams Michelle , Rasnake Sara , Nguyen Phuong-Lan , Taqui Asif , Evans-Cobb Cheryl , Gaffney Denise , Duckwiler Gary , Ganguly Gautam , Sung Gene , Kaufman Helaine , Rokos Ivan , Tarpley Jason , Anotado Jennifer , Nour May , Jocson Michelle , Ramezan Nima , Patel Nirav , Lyden Patrick , Jahan Reza , Burrus Tamika , Mack William , Ajani Zahra 
Published: January 2020

Background and Purpose—
We quantified population access to endovascular-capable centers, timing, and rates of thrombectomy in Los Angeles County before and after implementing 2-tiered routing in a regional stroke system of care.

Methods—
In 2018, the Los Angeles County Emergency Medical Services Agency implemented transport of patients with suspected large vessel occlusions identified by Los Angeles Motor Scale ≥4 directly to designated endovascular-capable centers. We calculated population access to a designated endovascular-capable center within 30 minutes comparing 2016, before 2-tiered system planning began, to 2018 after implementation. We analyzed data from stroke centers in the region from 1 year before and after implementation to delineate changes in rates and speed of administration of tPA (tissue-type plasminogen activator) and thrombectomy and frequency of interfacility transfer.

Results—

With implementation of the 2-tier system, certified endovascular-capable hospitals increased from 4 to 19 centers, and within 30-minute access to endovascular care for the public in Los Angeles County, from 40% in 2016 to 93% in 2018. Comparing Emergency Medical Services–transported stroke patients in the first post-implementation year (N=3303) with those transported in the last pre-implementation year (N=3008), age, sex, and presenting deficit severity were similar. The frequency of thrombolytic therapy increased from 23.8% to 26.9% (odds ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.05–1.3];
P
=0.006), and median first medical contact by paramedic-to-needle time decreased by 3 minutes ([95% CI, 0–5]
P
=0.03). The frequency of thrombectomy increased from 6.8% to 15.1% (odds ratio, 2.4 [95% CI, 2.0–2.9];
P
<0.0001), although first medical contact-to-puncture time did not change significantly, median decrease of 8 minutes ([95% CI, −4 to 20]
P
=0.2). The frequency of interfacility transfers declined from 3.2% to 1.0% (odds ratio, 0.3 [95% CI, 0.2–0.5];
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions—
After implementation of 2-tiered stroke routing in the most populous US county, thrombectomy access increased to 93% of the population, and the frequency of thrombectomy more than doubled, whereas interfacility transfers declined.
Utilizing Objective Drought Severity Thresholds to Improve Drought Monitoring
Authors: Leasor Zachary T. , Quiring Steven M. , Svoboda Mark D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDrought is a prominent climatic hazard in the south-central United States. Drought severity is frequently classified using the categories established by the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM). This study evaluates whether the thresholds for the standardized precipitation index (SPI) used by the USDM accurately classify drought severity. This study uses the SPI based on PRISM precipitation data from 1900 to 2015 to evaluate drought severity in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas. The results show that the fixed SPI thresholds for the USDM drought categories may lead to a systematic underestimation of drought severity in arid regions. To address this issue, objective drought thresholds were developed at each location by fitting a cumulative distribution function at each location to ensure that the observed frequency of drought in each severity category (D0–D4) matched the theoretical expectations of the USDM. This approach reduces the systematic biases in drought severity across the western portion of the study region. Therefore, we recommend developing objective drought thresholds for each location and SPI time scale (e.g., 1, 3, and 6 months). This method can be used to develop objective drought thresholds for any drought index and climate region of interest.
A Multiscale, Hydrometeorological Forecast Evaluation of National Water Model Forecasts of the May 2018 Ellicott City, Maryland, Flood
Authors: Viterbo Francesca , Mahoney Kelly , Read Laura , Salas Fernando , Bates Bradford , Elliott Jason , Cosgrove Brian , Dugger Aubrey , Gochis David , Cifelli Robert 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe NOAA National Water Model (NWM) became operational in August 2016, producing the first ever real-time, distributed, continuous set of hydrologic forecasts over the continental United States (CONUS). This project uses integrated hydrometeorological assessment methods to investigate the utility of the NWM to predict catastrophic flooding associated with an extreme rainfall event that occurred in Ellicott City, Maryland, on 27–28 May 2018. Short-range forecasts (0–18-h lead time) from the NWM version 1.2 are explored, focusing on the quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) forcing from the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model and the corresponding NWM streamflow forecast. A comprehensive assessment of multiscale hydrometeorological processes are considered using a combination of object-based, grid-based, and hydrologic point-based verification. Results highlight the benefits and risks of using a distributed hydrologic modeling tool such as the NWM to connect operational CONUS-scale atmospheric forcings to local impact predictions. For the Ellicott City event, reasonably skillful QPF in several HRRR model forecast cycles produced NWM streamflow forecasts in the small Ellicott City basin that were suggestive of flash flood potential. In larger surrounding basins, the NWM streamflow response was more complex, and errors were found to be governed by both hydrologic process representation, as well as forcing errors. The integrated, hydrometeorological multiscale analysis method demonstrated here guides both research and ongoing model development efforts, along with providing user education and engagement to ultimately engender improved flash flood prediction.