bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical analysis the effect of traffic bump shocking and layer position on the physical properties of Strawberry fruit (Fragaria x ananassa) during transportation
Authors: Wahidah T , Bintoro N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Strawberry is known as a perishable fruit, it is very easy to be damaged as the effect of mechanical force, and this is one of the main problem in postharvest of this fruit. In Indonesia, it is often encountered a traffic bump across the road, this may create a shocking force that may affect the damage of the fruit during transportation. This research was intended to find out the effect of duration of shocking and layer position in the packing box on the physical properties of strawberry fruit. Application of shocking force was done using a special shocking apparatus to the strawberry samples inside wood package box which was arranged in three layers for a certain determined time. After shocking process the sample were then stored at room temperature and continuously monitored. It was found that both the duration of shocking and layer position in the box were significantly affect some of physical properties of the fruit, such as respiration rate, weight loss, brix content, firmness, and lightness of the fruit. The rate of change of physical properties of the fruit could be described appropriately using kinetics model of the zero or first order.
Effect of extraction time and pressing temperature on characteristic of cocoa powder quality
Authors: Anoraga S B , Wijanarti S , Sabarisman I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the research was to investigate the effect of extraction time and temperature on cocoa powder quality. The study was conducted at Cocoa Processing Incubation Laboratory, Agroindustry Program, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada in Juni-Juli 2018. The samples were fermented cocoa beans obtained from Banjaroya, Kulonprogo. First, cocoa beans were roasted and grinded. Then, 200 g cocoa liquor were extracted for 20, 30 and 45 minutes at 70, 100 and 110°C. Cocoa powder characteristics e.g: moisture content, fat content, the weight of cocoa bungkil, and colour level were evaluated. The result showed that cocoa powder which was extracted in 70°C for 30 minutes had a lowest moisture content (3,12 %). The fat content is about 40-47% for all treatment. The color intensity is similiar, with the most brightest are cocoa powder which was extracted in 70°C. The temperature treatment in 70°C were accordance with the quality standards of cocoa butter determined by SNI 3747:2009.
Occurance of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus on Potato in South Sulawesi
Authors: Baharuddin  , Pabborong A , Kuswinanti T , Surapati U , Tuwo M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Bacterial ring rot caused by a gram-positive Coryneform bacterium C.m subsp. sepedonicus is an important disease in potato crops in the world. The disease is until now still belong to an A1 quarantine pathogen in Indonesia, although it was found in West Java since 2013. The objective of this study was to know the presence of bacterial ring rot in four potato district areas in South Sulawesi. Diseased samples were conducted from potato fields and storage warehouses in Enrekang, Gowa, Jeneponto and Bantaeng. Potato tuber samples were cutted and observed their vasiculer vessels and then isolated and grown the bacteria on NA and NBY media. Bacterial isolates were morphological and physiological characterized as well as patogenicity on eggplant and PCR test using specific primer for Cms 50F and Cms 50R. The results showed that Cms has become widespread in four districs in South Sulawesi. The disease incidence of bacterial ringrot in these districs reached above 30 %. All of 14 isolates were obtained from the results of a standard methods for identification (EPPO, 2006) showed that the presence of DNA band size of 224 bp, which indicated positively belong to C.michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus.
The Effect of Grain Germination to Improve Rice Quality
Authors: Rahman A N F , Asfar M , Suwandi N , Amir M R R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The stages of post-harvest processing have a very large influence on the yield and quality of rice produced. At the time of grinding grain, the high nutritional content in husks and bran are often wasted and used as animal feed. Through the process of germination of grain, the nutrient content in husks and bran can be used to increase the nutritional content of rice. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of grain immersion and germination on the quality of rice produced. The method of this research was germinating grains by variation of soaking and incubation time. The duration of grain soaking, 12, 18, and 24 hours and incubation time period, 18, 24, and 30 hours. The parameters of this research, including ash content, protein, thiamin, and mineral content such as Fe and Mg. The data of this research was processed and tested by complete randomized design with one factorial. The result showed, ash and protein content of rice was a significantly different at 5% level on each treatment. For other parameters, thiamin was significantly different at 1% level on each treatment. The best treatment during the germinating grains process towards the quality of rice was soaking at 12 hours and incubation time 30 hours with length of grain sprout was 1 cm.
Sex determination of peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques
Authors: Nugraheni P , Purwaningrum M , Widayanti R , Haryanto A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Molecular sex determination is an effective solution to determine sex because it can be done early in the growing phase of a bird and the results are more accurate. Molecular sex determination is carried out based on the chromodomain helicase DNA binding (CHD) gene by using NP, P2, and MP primers. The purpose of this study was to determine the sex of peach-faced lovebird (Agapornis roseicollis) by detecting the intron size of the CHD gene on the Z chromosome and W chromosome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA samples were isolated from feathers of 14 lovebirds belonging to bird owners, which was sent to the Biochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Amplification of the CHD gene using PCR techniques with NP, P2, MP primers electrophoresed with agarose gel 2,5%. Visualization under UV Transilluminator with a wavelength of 280 nm produce an amplicon as long as about 300-400 bp with males showing a single DNA band (ZZ) and females showing a double DNA band (ZW). Based on the electrophoresis results, it showed eight females and six males in 14 samples of lovebird used.
Informal education of aerosol science by animation – Theory and practice
Authors: Chen Colin W. K. , Chen Y. T. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aerosol science is a scientific field with abstract and figurative characteristics. The object we are facing is extremely tiny matter, but its influence is actually happening to us. Therefore, how to make the general public aware of the basic nature of aerosol science and technology, making effective strategies is an important task for aerosol science researchers. This paper proposes a science education method that uses animation as an informal education method for aerosol science. First, to explore how to deal with the main methods of aerosol science in informal education. Then, the relevant knowledge of aerosol is deconstructed, classified, and then the textbook is constructed by animation. There are a total of forty-two episodes of the animations built, all placed on YouTube. This result is now available for web users to browse and collect user responses for future improvements.
Combined geotechnology potentials in the process of coal deposits integrated development
Authors: Kuznetsova L V , Anfyorov B A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Significant coal resources situated in open-pit recovered sides and bottom being non-demanded are considered to be irretrievably lost and written off as losses. Integrated (open and underground) technologies for final extraction of contour reserves applying a highwall miner complex and mobile mechanical equipment which improve coal recovery ratio are introduced in the article.
Calculating the parameters of the induced hydraulic fracture that moves in hard rock roof of a seam in the vicinity of the installation chamber
Authors: Cherdantsev N V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The results of solving the task for tracing the movement of a hydraulic fracture in the top rocks situated in the vicinity of a stope are introduced in the paper. The massif is loaded with equally component gravity field of stresses and is in the state of plane deformation. The bedrocks and top rocks (roof rocks) are rather tough and deform resiliently and when reaching the limit state fall as brittle materials. The task is solved in the framework of the model of the geo-mechanical state of the rock massif with the adjacent in-seam working. It is based on fundamental principles of the deformable solids mechanics and fulfilled applying the boundary element method and basic classical concepts about the fracture state, its stable or unstable growth in a brittle material. According to the results of the experiment, the trajectories of the fracture growth for a range of coordinate values, its initial position and the angle of gradient initial towards the horizon are built. The graphs of critical pressure changes while the growing of a fracture are introduced.
Comparison of typical control laws of crushing unit on the example of a jaw crusher
Authors: Nikitin A G , Tagiltsev-Galeta K V , Laktionov S A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To control the jaw crusher in a constantly changing input conditions, various types of typical regulators are used. It is necessary to take into account the fact that a modern jaw crushing machine is not only an element of the crushing and screening complex, but is also a system per se. Each element of this system has a certain isolation, up to the presence of an independent safety device in each subsystem. Safety devices are, for example, a toggle plate belonging to the protection devices of the mechanical subsystem, or a crusher drive control system based on monitoring the basic parameters of the electric drive belonging to the protection devices of the electrical subsystem. When controlling the mechanical subsystem, the values change proportionally, but in the control system of electric drive parameters their values change according to the type of controller used. When using the P-controller, the amount of correction to the control action is proportional to the deviation. The PI-controller provides a change in the magnitude of the correction to the control action not only in proportion to the magnitude of the deviation, but also depending on the accumulated action of the deviation of the controlled variable. The PID-controller takes into account not only the accumulated value of the controlled variable, but also the rate of its change. The parameters of the regulators were adopted by the method of Ziegler-Nichols. It is shown that each of the model regulators has its drawbacks, which may be insignificant during operation.
Models and mechanisms for managing competencies of IT services users
Authors: Zimin A V , Burkova I V , Zimin V V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The subject of the article is the models and mechanisms for managing the competencies of IT services users applied as intellectual support of decision-makers on issues of professional retraining and professional development of personnel. Models and mechanisms correspond to two problem situations, requiring, respectively, the implementation of a unified or personalized approach to the competencies formation, and are an integration of expert information, models of scalar and vector optimization, game models, as well as discrete optimization methods, simulation and game modeling. The use of the proposed models and mechanisms is demonstrated by examples of the formation of professional retraining and development programs for users of ERP system. However, they can be used to manage the competencies of specialists in other fields.
Framework for innovative determination of natural gas content in coal seams
Authors: Plaksin M S , Kozyreva E N , Rodin R I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the development framework of the method and device for high-accuracy measurement of coal seam gas content. It is proposed to design a device ensuring full measurement of gas content of coal core from the moment of coring (drilling at a distance of 4 – 6 m from coal boundary in the gateway face) to sealing of a core in the thermobaric flask (chips reception container). The results obtained using thermobaric flasks are essential. For another thing, the authors consider the requirements imposed on a portable flow rate meter and on the device for gas measurement and recording during drilling in coal seam. The anticipated difficulties in determination of volume of gas release from borehole walls in the total volume of gas measured during drilling are described. Alongside with the production benefits, the device being developed will provide determination of up to 20 gas-kinetic and gas-dynamic characteristics of coal, which can offer new knowledge on the nature of coal-and-methane substance.
Improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism of waste management at a coal-mining enterprise
Authors: Kiseleva T V , Mikhailov V G , Mikhailov G S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper provides the analysis of the structure and dynamics of production and consumer waste generation at a coal-mining enterprise. The authors consider the organizational and economic mechanism of environmental management acting according to the environmental protection law, with a focus on the negative impact in the form of production and consumer waste generation. The analysis of the main environmental and economic indicators of the enterprise was performed, the result of which is the conclusion about the need to improve the existing organizational and economic mechanism of environmental management. Innovative elements of this mechanism, including ones adapted to this type of negative environmental impact, were developed. The charging scheme for providing false information, including in the official environmental reporting forms, is of current importance. Another innovative direction is connected with the algorithm for the formation of production program, taking into account the environmental constraints, and the system of distribution of current environmental costs depending on the level of environmental and economic risks. The work performed is of practical importance for industrial enterprises engaged in the formation and use of production and consumer waste in order to switch to a sustainable environmental and economic development.
Electric and hybrid vehicles supply systems implementation problems
Authors: Solovev Sergei V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper considers the problems of construction or execution of rail contact or wireless charge cars. This includes the description of introduced system components, as well as the problems which can be faced during the development, construction and implementation in civil infrastructure. Also, the ways and possible usage of such methods of transportation are considered. The implementations of renewable sources or energy are preferable for such system, since the usage of electrical (EV) and hybrid electrical vehicles (HEV) directed of reduction of oil and gas consumption, as well as the reduction of carbon dioxide emission. The paper provides discussion about the expediency of different topologies of contact rail and wireless supply systems on the EV and HEV including.
The choice of an optimal technological process for mechanical treatment of machine components based on structural models
Authors: Schipachev A M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the optimization of a technological process for mechanical treatment of machine components. As a rule, a technological process implies many variants which complicate the mathematical solution of optimization tasks. In this regard, this work suggests considering a multi-variant technological process as a digraph. This method deals with searching all the graph paths and determining graph lengths, associated with the values of different optimization criteria. The article also considers the ways to choose the optimal path (corresponds to an optimal technological process). The detailed description of threshold optimization, as well as generalized criterion optimization methods, is given based on the example of a technological process for nut manufacturing.
The identification of the existence of stilt houses at Musi riverside settlement in Palembang
Authors: Wicaksono Bambang , Siswanto Ari , Kusdiwanggo Susilo , Anwar Widya Fransiska Febriati 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The existence of Musi River influenced the forming of initial settlement in Palembang. Musi river was the main transportation way. Therefore, past people built their houses along the riverbanks. The stilt structure became the best solution as it was aligned and adaptive to the nature of the Musi River. The excellence of the stilt house is less realized by the modern city development. The emergence of new modern houses is easily found side by side with the stilt houses at riverside settlement. The stilt house as a part of vernacular architecture in Palembang tends to be abandoned. This research aims to investigate the existence of vernacular houses and settlements located on the Musi riverbank. In order to achieve this aim, study elaborate function pattern and the form of living existence. This study used a qualitative approach with two vernacular settlements at Musi riverbank as case study namely 3-4 Ulu and 30 Ilir village. Data were collected from six main sources, namely documentation, archival records, interviews, direct observation, participant observation, and physical artifacts. The result shows that there are two changes of the existence of a vernacular settlement at Musi riverside. Firstly, the existence is decreasing in term of space between houses, orientation to the river. Secondly, the existence is increasing in form of coexistence with the new activities and function accommodated by the river. Findings show that the changes are supported by community activities. The change also determines the elements of settlement and layout.
The psychological determinants of energy saving behavior
Authors: Mansor Razlin , Sheau-Tingi Low 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The energy sector represents the largest sources of emissions by far, accounting for almost 68% of greenhouse gases emission in the world. Buildings contribute to 32% of overall global final energy use. Energy saving behavior often influenced by monetary incentive shall not be generalized into an office building context whereby the users have no financial responsibility on its utilities expenses. At present, the challenge of how to encourage users towards energy saving behavior (ESB) is one of the emerging topics attracting the attention of researchers. Thus, this study focuses to identify the psychological determinants of ESB in buildings. Using behavioral changes as an adaptation approach, an extensive literature search was carried out on 72 published literatures to explore the existing ESB model to specify the psychological determinants of ESB within a building context. The result of the content analysis indicates that the ESB among building users was attributed by several psychological determinants: Attitude, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavior Control, Habits, Motivation and Energy Knowledge. The findings may serve as an initial reference to the management progress in fostering ESB among users in a building context.
Utilization of PT. Hok Tong liquid waste rubber industry in making of liquid organic fertilizer with addition of eceng gondok and EM4 (Effective Microorganism 4)
Authors: Ali Farida , Sari Tuti Indah , Arina  , Siwitri  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The liquid waste of the rubber industry is currently not fully utilized, whereas the industrial rubber waste is the nutrient needed by plants, especially nitrogen (N), phospate (P2O5), and potassium (K2O). The presence of macro nutrients contained in the liquid waste of rubber industry is expected to be an alternative material for the manufacture of liquid compost. Water hyacinth is a plant that also contains a good macro nutrients for plants, so it can be used as an additional material to improve the nutrient elements of liquid compost fertilizer. This research aims to know the utilization of industrial rubber waste in the manufacture of liquid compost fertilizer with the addition of water hyacinth and EM4. The method used in making this liquid organic fertilizer was anaerobic fermentation process. The variables studied were addition of water hyacinth and volume of EM4 added. The results of fermentation were analyzed to obtain data of percentage of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium content. Obtained results of liquid compost fertilizer, with the largest nitrogen content is 1.6% found in EM4 25 mL and water hyacinth 30 gr, the highest percentage of Phospate 0.160% found in liquid compost fertilizer with addition of water hyacinth as much as 20 gr and EM4 25 mL, highest percentage of Potassium equal to 0.358% is found in water hyacinth as much as 25 gr and EM4 25 mL.
Aerobic treatment of POME with indigeneous individual and consortium bacteria
Authors: Said Muhammad , Rayahu Rizki Muthiah , Yuliani Annisa Dela , Faizal Muhammad 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Palm Oil Mill Effluent contains high value of COD, BOD and TSS being able to pollute the water body. Application of aerobic indigeneous bacteria for treatment of the POME was conducted to reduce the value of COD, BOD and TSS. Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 (KP 1.1), Pseudomonas azotoformans strain NBRC 12693 (KP 1.3) and Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 25416 (KP 2.2) were used to degrade the components of cellulose, protein and lipase in the POME, respectively. The consortium of bacteria were also applied for degradation of POME. The research was conducted in four bioreactors of 12 litres with variation of time 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24 hours. Parameters observed in the research consisted of bacterial population, COD, BOD, TSS and pH. The experimental results showed that the highest population of bacteria of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 (KP 1.1), Pseudomonas azotoformans strain NBRC 12693 (KP 1.3), Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 25416 (KP 2.2) and the bacterial consortium were 8.4 × 107 CFU/ml, 8.5 × 107 CFU/ml, 8.2 × 107 CFU/ml and 9.4 × 107 CFU/ml, respectively. The lowest COD value obtained for those bacteria were 22.6 mg/l, 12.3 mg/l, 14.4 mg/l and 11.8 mg/l, respectively. The lowest BOD values were 9.2 mg/l, 4.4 mg/l, 5.2 mg/l, dan 2.9 mg/l while those of TSS value were 3.2 mg/l, 3.0 mg/l, 4.0 mg/l and 4.2 mg/l. Values of pH ranged from 6.7 to 7.6 for Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 (KP 1.1), from 6.8 to 7.4 for Pseudomonas azotoformans strain NBRC 12693 (KP 1.3), from 6.9 to 7.5 for Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 25416 (KP 2.2) and from 6.7 to 7.5 for the bacterial consortium.