bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin Secretory Granules Release Exosomal miR-503 to Promote Insulin Resistance and β-Cell Senescence
Authors: Han Xiao , Zhou Yuncai , Liu Kerong , Sun Yi , Zhang Yan , Wu Yangyang , Shi Ying , Yao Zhengjian , Li Yating , Bai Rongjie , Liang Rui , Sun Peng , Chang Xiaoai , Tang Wei , Wang Shuseng , Zhu Yunxia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Chronic inflammation promotes pancreatic β-cell decompensation to insulin resistance due to local accumulation of supraphysiologic IL-1β levels. However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) remains elusive. We show that miR-503, exclusively induced in islets from type 2 diabetic humans and rodents, is specifically upregulated by IL-1β in β cells. β-cell–specific miR-503 transgenic (miR-503TG) mice display expression-dependent mild diabetes, severe diabetes, and premature death due to inflammation-induced multiple organ failure. By contrast, deletion of the miR-503 cluster protects mice from high-fat-diet–induced insulin resistance. Single-cell RNA sequencing indicates infiltration of immune cells and senescent β cells in miR-503TG islets. Exosomes containing miR-503 localize in insulin granules of senescent β cells. Autocrine miR-503 activates MAPKs to inhibit β-cell function and replication. Telecrine miR-503 targets Insr/Igf1r to dampen insulin signals in liver and adipose tissues. A metaflammation-related and inflammaging-related miR-503 expression may therefore induce type 2 diabetes via insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction.
Preoperative Estimation of Endodontic Working Length With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and Standardized Paralleling Technique in Comparison to Its Real Length: an in Vitro Study.
Authors: Faraj Bestoon Mohammed 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: An accurate estimation of the working canal length is essential for successful root canal treatment. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of root canal length estimation on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and digital paralleling radiographs (PAs), using the real canal length as a gold standard, and to evaluate the influence of canal curvature on this estimation. Methods: Sixty extracted human premolar teeth selected for this study. Root canal length measurement performed on CBCT scans (NewTom, Giano, Verona, Italy) and digital paralleling radiography (EzRay Air W; Vatech, Korea). The real working length established by subtracting 0.5 mm from the actual canal length. Results: No significant difference was found between CBCT and digital paralleling radiography. There was a tendency for underestimation of the root canal length measured on the CBCT images in 52 (86.7%) of the examined teeth and overestimated it in 5 teeth (8.3%). All the digital radiographs slightly overestimated the real canal length. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between the estimation from moderate to severe curvature for digital radiography, and CBCT images. Conclusion: Preoperative working length estimation can be made closest to its real clinical canal length on the standardized paralleling technique, using a long (16-inch) target–receptor distance.
Expression of Substance P, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Human Dental Pulp Under Different Clinical Stimuli
Authors: Caviedes-Bucheli Javier , Lopez-Moncayo Luis Fernando , Munoz-Alvear Hernan Dario , Gomez-Sosa Jose Francisco , Diaz-Barrera Luis Eduardo , Curtidor Hernando , Munoz Hugo Roberto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background To quantify the expression of SP, CGRP, and VEGF in human dental pulps as a response to occlusal interferences, moderate orthodontic forces, and occlusal interferences plus moderate orthodontic forces simultaneously.Methods Forty human dental pulp samples were collected from healthy premolars indicated for extraction for orthodontic reasons. The teeth were divided into four groups with 10 samples each: Healthy pulp control group, occlusal interference group, moderate orthodontic forces group; and occlusal interferences plus moderate orthodontic forces group. Stimuli were applied for 24 h before tooth extraction in all experimental groups. All samples were processed, and SP, CGRP, and VEGF were measured by radioimmunoassay. The ANOVA test was performed to establish significant differences between groups and Tukey’s HSD post hoc comparisons were also performed.Results The highest increase in SP, CGRP, and VEGF expressions was found in the occlusal trauma plus orthodontic forces group, followed by the moderate orthodontic forces, the occlusal interferences and the control groups, with statistically significant differences between all groups (ANOVA p<0.001) and post-hoc comparisons (Tukey HSD p<0.001).Conclusion SP, CGRP, and VEGF expressions significantly increase in human dental pulps when stimulated by occlusal interferences combined with moderate orthodontic forces, as compared with when these two stimuli are applied independently. Peptides expression is directly proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus.Name of the registry: Importance of Neurogenic Inflammation in the Angiogenic Response of the Dental Pulp as a Defensive ResponseTrial registration number: NCT03804034Date of registration: 01/15/2019 Retrospectively registeredURL of trial registry record: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03804034?term=NCT03804034&draw=2&rank=1
Perceived walking difficulties in Parkinson’s disease – predictors and changes over time
Authors: Lindh-Rengifo Magnus , Jonasson Stina B. , Ullén Susann , Mattsson-Carlgren Niklas , Nilsson Maria H. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have described their walking difficulties as linked to activity avoidance, social isolation, reduced independence and quality of life. There is a knowledge gap regarding predictive factors of perceived walking difficulties in people with PD. Such knowledge could be useful when designing intervention studies. This study aimed to investigate how perceived walking difficulties evolve over a 3-year period in people with PD. A specific aim was to identify predictive factors of perceived walking difficulties.
Methods
149 people with PD (mean age 67.9 years) completed the Walk-12G questionnaire (which assesses perceived walking difficulties) at both baseline and the 3-year follow-up. Paired samples t-test was used for comparing baseline and follow-up mean scores. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to identify predictive factors of perceived walking difficulties.
Results
Perceived walking difficulties increased after 3 years: mean Walk-12G score 14.7 versus 18.6, p < 0.001. Concerns about falling was the strongest predictor (β = 0.467) of perceived walking difficulties, followed by problems maintaining balance while dual tasking (β = 0.265), pain (β = 0.137) and postural instability (β = 0.116). Problems maintaining balance while dual tasking was the strongest predictor (β = 0.180) of a change in perceived walking difficulties, followed postural instability (β = 0.098).
Conclusions
Perceived walking difficulties increase over time in people with PD. The predictive factors identified in this study (concerns about falling, problems maintaining balance while dual tasking, pain, postural instability) are modifiable. Future intervention studies that address these factors need to confirm their preventative effect on perceived walking difficulties.
Role of ATF3 as a prognostic biomarker and correlation of ATF3 expression with macrophage infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Lijuan , Song Shaohua , Fang Xuailin , Cao Donglin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The abnormal expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a member of the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family of transcription factors, is associated with carcinogenesis. However, the expression pattern and exact role of ATF3 in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear.Methods We used UALCAN, ONCOMINE, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and cBioPortal databases to investigate the prognostic value of ATF3 expression in HCC.Results ATF3 was found to be expressed at low levels in multiple HCC tumor tissues. Moreover, low ATF3 expression was significantly associated with clinical cancer stage and pathological tumor grade in patients with HCC. Therefore, low expression of ATF3 was significantly associated with poor overall survival in patients with HCC. Functional network analysis showed that ATF3 regulates cytokine receptors and signaling pathways via various cancer-related kinases, miRNAs, and transcription factors. ATF3 expression was found to be correlated with macrophage infiltration levels and with macrophage immune marker sets in HCC patients.Conclusions Using data mining methods, we clarified the role of ATF3 expression and related regulatory networks in HCC, laying a foundation for further functional research. Future research will validate our findings and establish clinical applications of ATF3 in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Observation of Antichiral Edge States in a Circuit Lattice
Authors: Yang Yuting , Zhu Dejun , Hang Zhi Hong , Chong Yidong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We constructed an electrical circuit to realize a modified Haldane lattice exhibiting the unusual phenomenon of antichiral edge states. The circuit consists of a network of inductors and capacitors with interconnections reproducing the effects of a magnetic vector potential. The next nearest neighbor hoppings are configured differently from the standard Haldane model, and as predicted by earlier theoretical studies, this gives rise to antichiral edge states that propagate in the same direction on opposite edges and co-exist with bulk states at the same frequency. Using pickup coils to measure the voltage distributions in the circuit, we experimentally verify the key features of the modified Haldane lattice, including the group velocities of the antichiral edge states.
A Visual Framework of Meta Genomic Analysis on Variations of Whole SARS-CoV-2 Sequences
Authors: Zheng Jeffrey , Liu Jianzhong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The worldwide outbreak of the COVID-19 has become a global pandemic resulting in millions of confirmed cases and hundreds of thousands of deadths. To face such a global crisis, bioinformatics has played a key role in the diagnosis, follow-up, prognosis and treatment of COVID-19-infected patients.A novel bioinformatic tool for metagenomic analysis of whole genomes is proposed in this paper that is composed of three projections: global, clustering and genomic index. For each projection, key modules are described. Global projection provides various combinatorial distributions for a whole genome of N length, and the m-mer scheme partitions this sequence as M segments on 1D, 2D and 3D density matrices for multiple projections. Clustering projections based on distributions from global projections make special filters extract specific parts as probability eigenvalues.Genomic index projection provides comprehensive technologies under the theory of information entropy, and a list of measuring entropies are included, such as combinatorial entropy CE, integrated entropy IE, mean entropy ME and topological entropy TE. Three projections provide unified information to describe complicated functions, internal structures and refined variations for multiple groups of SARSCoV-2 on variations and other genomes in comparisons.The outputs of three projections are illustrated on variant maps to support category, clustering, classification and establishing root activities for refined quantitative operations from bottom to top strategy.
Reduction of arsenic oxoanion toxicity from contaminated water by adsorption onto iron impregnated biochar
Authors: Salmani Mohammad Hossien , Abedi Mohammad , Mozaffari Sayed Ahmad , Salmani Mohammad Javad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Several ways have systematically been employed to modify carbons for removing heavy metal from contaminated solution. In the present study, Fe impregnated pomegranate peel carbon (Fe-PPC) as a green adsorbent was prepared by addition of Fe3+ions into the pomegranate peel followed carbonization. Stability of iron on PPC was examined by releasing of Fe ions in aqueous solution at the pH range of 2–10. The effect of contact time, variable pH, and initial concentration were studied in the adsorption of arsenite and arsenate anions by Fe-PPC. Maximum removal of arsenite and arsenate anions were observed in the pH range of 5–6 and 9–11 respectively which were 76.3% and 100%. The elemental analysis and characterization of As -FePPC were performed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and BET. The adsorption rate (ν0) value indicated that the initial rates are suitable for arsenic anions adsorption on Fe-PPC in aqueous solution. The more than one mechanism was governed by the adsorption arsenate and was chemisorption, while the physical adsorption had the more contribution to the arsenite adsorption.
Corpus callosum in COVID-19 cytokinopathy, an update
Authors: Alambyan Vilakshan , Zhang Yan , Devenney Brooke , Prabhu Aparna , Newman George 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) connects frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal cortices in the brain. We report a disconnection syndrome as a manifestation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) encephalopathy. Like prior coronaviridae, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects the brain over a spectrum of injury. Present communication is the first description of white matter involvement confined to CC’s commissural fibers in their entirety. Until case registries, longitudinal studies and animal models clarify any direct neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2; this case is consistent with recent biological evidence suggesting a cytokine mediated excitotoxic injury concomitant with the severity of infection.
Severe volcanic SO2 exposure and respiratory morbidity in the Icelandic population – a register study
Authors: Carlsen Hanne Krage , Valdimarsdóttir Unnur , Bríem Haraldur , Dominici Francesca , Finnbjornsdottir Ragnhildur Gudrun , Jóhannsson Thorsteinn , Aspelund Thor , Gislason Thorarinn , Gudnason Thorolfur 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The Holuhraun volcanic eruption September 2014 to February 2015 emitted large amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO2). The aim of this study was to determine the association between volcanic SO2 gases on general population respiratory health some 250 km from the eruption site, in the Icelandic capital area. Methods Respiratory health outcomes were: asthma medication dispensing (AMD) from the Icelandic Medicines Register, medical doctor consultations in primary care (PCMD) and hospital emergency department visits (HED) in Reykjavík (population: 215 000) for respiratory disease from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014. The associations between daily counts of health events,and daily mean SO2 concentration and high SO2 levels (24-hour mean SO2>125µg/m3) were analyzed using generalized additive models. Results After the eruption began, AMD was higher than before (129.4 vs. 158.4 individuals per day, p<0.05). In regression analysis adjusted for other pollutants, SO2 was associated with estimated increases in AMD by 0.99% (95% CI 0.39 - 1.58%) per 10 µg/m3 at lag 0-2, in PCMD for respiratory causes 1.26% (95% CI 0.72 - 1.80%) per 10 µg/m3 SO2 at lag 0-2, and in HED by 1.02% (95% CI 0.02- 2.03%) per 10 µg/m3 SO2 at lag 0-2. For days over the health limit, the estimated increases were 10.9% (95% CI 2.1-19.6%), 17.2% (95% CI 10.0-24.4%) for AMD and PCMD. Dispensing of short-acting medication increased significantly by 1.09% (95% CI 0.49-1.70%%), and PCMD for respiratory infections and asthma and COPD diagnoses and increased significantly by 1.12% (95% CI 0.54-1.71%) and 2.08% (1.13-3.04%).Conclusion High levels of volcanic SO2 are associated with increases in dispensing of AMD, and health care utilization in primary and tertiary care. Individuals with prevalent respiratory disease may be particularly susceptible.
A conceptional framework of spatial epidemiological research for natural focus diseases, a perspective of disaster science
Authors: Zhao An , Li Rui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: To develop a new spatial epidemiological research framework, which would overcome the problems of multicollinearity among the independent variables and the difficulty for outcome to give an explicit explanation for disease transmission mechanism in the current spatial epidemiological methods.Methods: Comparison of schistosomiasis transmission process with disaster process; Imitation with and import of disaster risk assessment methodology into spatial epidemiological research. Results: A universal spatial epidemiological research framework was presented for the natural focal disease infection risk prediction. This new approach was expected to be extended to the risk assessment of environmental pollution-incurred public health problems. The GIS-based spatialization methods of the factors concerned in the framework were suggested as well. Conclusion: The new established spatial epidemiological framework presented has strong universality and shows many advantages in the field of public health.
Plant Electrophysiological Information Manifests the Composition and Nutrient Transport Characteristics of Membrane Protein
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Wu Yanyou , Su Yue , Xing Deke , Fang Lei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Almost all life activities of plants are accompanied by electrophysiological information. Plant electrical parameters are considered to be the fastest response to environment.Results: In this study, the theoretically intrinsic relationships between the clamping force and leaf resistance (R), capacitive reactance (Xc) and inductive reactance (XL) were revealed as 3-parameter exponential decay based on bioenergetics for the first time. The intrinsic resistance (IR), intrinsic capacitive reactance (IXc) and intrinsic inductive reactance (IXL) in plant leaves were monitored via these relationships for the first time, and the nutrient transport capacity (NTC) in plant cells based on IR, IXc and IXL was first defined. The results indicate that IXc and IXL could be used to manifest the composition of surface and binding proteins in cell membrane, plant with high crude proteins and crude ash had higher NTC, and which accurately revealed the nutrient transport strategies in tested plants. Conclusions: This study highlights that plant electrophysiological information could effectively manifest the composition and nutrient transport characteristics of membrane protein in plant cells.
The role of knee arthroscopy in managing common soft-tissue complications after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective case series study
Authors: Hou Yunfei , Gao Jiaxiang , Chen Jian , Lin Jianhao , Ni Lei , Sun Tiezheng , Jiang Jun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of arthroscopy in 3 common soft-tissue complications, peripatellar impingement, arthrofibrosis and generalized synovitis, after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Methods
A retrospective review of patients undertaking arthroscopy for peripatellar impingement(PI), arthrofibrosis(AF) and generalized synovitis(GS) was conducted. Outcome measures included range of motion (ROM), and Knee Society Score (KSS). Intraoperative findings, surgical procedures and the existence of recurrence, prosthesis revision and/or complications were recorded. Paired t test, Fisher exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analysis with Bonferroni correction were used to for statistical evaluation.
Results
74 patients, including 35 patients peripatellar impingement, 25 with arthrofibrosis and 14 with generalized synovitis, with a mean age of 66.1 years were analyzed. The mean follow up(FU) duration was 81.3 months. Overall, patients acquired improvement on ROM from 81.7° to 96.8° (p < 0.05), on KSS knee score from 64.2 to 78.7 (p < 0.05), and on KSS function score from 61.1 to 77.3 (p < 0.05) postoperatively. Patients in all 3 groups had improvements on ROM (p < 0.05), KSS knee (p < 0.05) and KSS function score (p < 0.05). The overall recurrence rate was 22.9% (17/74) and revision rate was 14.9% (11/74). There were statistical differences on symptoms recurrence rate and the prosthesis revision rate among groups (p < 0.05). PI group had significant less symptom recurrence rate and revision rate of 11.4% and 8.6% respectively (p < 0.017), while GS group had the greatest recurrence rate (42.9%) and revision rate (35.7%) respectively (p < 0.017). There were 4 perioperative complications, including 1 acute myocardial infarction and 3 periprosthetic joint infections.
Conclusions
In the setting of symptomatic TKA, arthroscopic intervention could provide clinical improvement in most cases at an average 81.3 months follow-up. Patients with PI had the best outcome while patients with GS had the worst.
Data-Driven Treatment Pathways Mining for Early Breast Cancer Using cSPADE Algorithm and System Clustering
Authors: Yang Qing , Luo Ting , Zhang Wei , Zhong Xiaorong , He Ping , Zheng Hong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to the multidimensional, multilayered, and chronological order of the cancer data in this study, it was challenging for us to extract treatment paths. Therefore, it was necessary to design a new data mining scheme to effectively extract the treatment path of breast cancer. To determine whether the cSPADE algorithm and system clustering proposed in this study can effectively identify the treatment pathways for early breast cancer. Methods: We applied data mining technology to the electronic medical records of 6891 early breast cancer patients to mine treatment pathways. We provided a method of extracting data from EMR and performed three-stage mining: determining the treatment stage through the cSPADE algorithm → system clustering for treatment plan extraction → cSPADE mining sequence pattern for treatment. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and correlation analysis were used to cross-validate the sequence rules of early breast cancer treatment pathways.Results: We unearthed 55 sequence rules for early breast cancer treatment, 3 preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens, 3 postoperative chemotherapy regimens, and 2 chemotherapy regimens for patients without surgery. Through 5-fold cross-validation, Pearson and Spearman correlation tests were performed. At the significance level of P <0.05, all correlation coefficients of support, confidence and lift were greater than 0.89. Using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, we found no significant differences between the sequence distributions.Conclusions: The cSPADE algorithm combined with system clustering can achieve hierarchical and vertical mining of breast cancer treatment models. By uncovering the treatment pathways of early breast cancer patients by this method, the real-world breast cancer treatment behavior model can be evaluated, and it can provide a reference for the redesign and optimization of the treatment pathways.