bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Thin-Flap LASIK Technique
Authors: Dougherty Paul J 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine if LASIK using a 130-µm microkeratome head (thin-flap LASIK) is as visually effective and safe as when using a 160-µm head.
METHODS: A study was performed comparing postoperative day 1 uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and flap complications in eyes undergoing myopic LASIK with a 130-µm head versus a 160-µm head using the BD K-3000 microkeratome (BD Ophthalmic Systems, Waltham, Mass).
RESULTS: The mean preoperative myopia in the 155 eyes of 80 patients in the 130-µm head group was -5.00±2.53 diopters (D) compared to -3.78±1.73 D in the 279 eyes of 148 patients in the 160-µm head group. The groups were otherwise similar in terms of age, preoperative cylinder, and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. The geometric mean postoperative day 1 UCVA was 20/25 in the 130-µm head group compared to 20/26 in the 160-µm head group. The only flap complication in the series was a single partial flap in the 160-µm head group.
CONCLUSIONS: LASIK with a 130-µm head (thin-flap LASIK) is as visually effective and safe as when using a 160-µm head with the BD K-3000 microkeratome. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21(Suppl):S650-S654.]
A Comparison of Higher Order Aberrations Following Implantation of Four Foldable Intraocular Lens Designs
Authors: Martin Robert G , Sanders Donald R 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To determine the higher order aberrations following implantation of four foldable intraocular lens (IOL) designs.
METHODS: One hundred twenty-two eyes were randomly assigned to undergo implantation with one of four foldable IOL designs ? Collamer (STAAR Surgical, Monrovia, Calif), plate haptic silicone (STAAR Surgical), AcrySof (Alcon, Ft Worth, Tex), or the Sensar (Advanced Medical Optics, Santa Ana, Calif). All enrolled eyes underwent wavefront assessment using the Tracey Visual Function Analyzer (Tracey Technologies, Houston, Tex).
RESULTS: Preoperatively, no significant differences were noted in higher order aberrations between the four lens groups. No significant differences were noted among the plate haptic silicone, Sensar, or AcrySof lenses at 1 week or 1 month postoperatively, or among the Collamer, plate haptic silicone, or Sensar lenses, with regard to total higher order aberrations, although differences were observed in individual aberration terms. At 1 week and 1 month postoperatively, the Collamer IOL had significantly less higher order aberrations than the AcrySof lens (P<.01). Significantly less third and fourth order aberrations, coma, trefoil, spherical aberration, and tetrafoil were observed postoperatively with the Collamer than the AcrySof IOL. There were no parameters where the AcrySof had significantly less optical aberrations than the Collamer.
CONCLUSIONS: The Collamer IOL design is associated with fewer higher order aberrations than the AcrySof lens. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:716-721.]
Reverse Geometry Contact Lens Fitting After Corneal Refractive Surgery
Authors: Martin Raul , Rodriguez Guadalupe 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe reverse geometry rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens fitting in eyes with irregular surface induced by complications after myopic corneal refractive surgery.
METHODS: Reverse geometry RGP contact lenses were fit in nine eyes that underwent myopic corneal refractive surgery and experienced a reduction in best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) Snellen lines postoperatively.
RESULTS: Comparing the BSCVA with contact lenses, 5 (55.6%) eyes improved >2 lines of BSCVA, 2 (22.2%) eyes improved 1 line, and 2 (22.2%) eyes maintained the same BSCVA as the one eye with spectacles (P<.004). No eye lost lines of BSCVA. All patients reported excellent tolerance and subjective visual quality with the contact lenses. The mean time of contact lens wear was 10.44?0.88 hours per day (95% confidence interval, 9.76 to 11.12).
CONCLUSIONS: Reverse geometry RGP contact lens fitting is effective in correcting surgically induced irregular surfaces with improved visual acuity and comfortable wear. These lenses may be the best choice in cases in which surgical retreatment is unfeasible or undesirable. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:753-756.]
Reactivation of Ocular Toxoplasmosis After LASIK
Authors: Barbara Adel , Shehadeh-Masha'our Raneen , Sartani Gil , Garzozi Hanna J 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To report a reactivation of ocular toxoplasmosis after LASIK.
METHODS: Case report of a 34-year-old man who underwent bilateral LASIK. The posterior segment examination revealed an old toxoplasmosis scar in the retinal periphery of the right eye.
RESULTS: Uncorrected visual acuity improved postoperatively, and the patient was satisfied. However, 52 days after the procedure, he complained of loss of visual acuity in his right eye. Examination revealed signs of anterior uveitis, vitreitis, and active chorioretinal lesion satellite of the old toxoplasmosis scar. The patient was treated with a multidrug regiment with resolution of the vitreous and lesion activity.
CONCLUSIONS: Toxoplasmosis reactivation may develop after LASIK. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:759-761.]
The Effects of Automated Registration on Aberration Measurement With the LADARWave Aberrometer
Authors: Steinert Roger F 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of automating the registration process for wavefront measurement using the LADARWave aberrometer. Measures of interest include accuracy, repeatability, and speed of measurement.
METHODS: Five separate registration images were collected for each of eight eyes of four individuals with varying iris color using the LADARWave aberrometer. Technicians manually aligned the images and the autoregistration feature was used to align the same images. Time, accuracy, and repeatability of the alignment were measured using objective techniques. The potential effect on positional error was evaluated using a retrospective reprocessing of LADARWave data from an existing sample dataset.
RESULTS: Auto registration was the fastest method of alignment, from five to seven times faster than manual registration. It was also the most consistent, with the lowest pupil/limbus offset error (45 ???). Technicians averaged 48 to 91??m. The differences in wavefronts used to generate the composite wavefront image for surgery export were 18% lower with auto registrai ion.
CONCLUSIONS: The auto registration feature of the LADARWave aberrometer not only removes inter-technician variability, but reduces the time to perform image alignments and improves the consistency of the alignments. This helps reduce errors related to wavefront position, potentially improving outcomes. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:S769-S771.]
Technological Improvements With the Alcon LADAR 6000 Excimer Laser Platform
Authors: Krueger Ronald R 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To outline the technological improvements seen in the new Alcon U\DAR 6000 laser.
METHODS: New LADAR 6000 features can be categorized into three areas: automation, speed, and control.
RESULTS: Automation features include auto-registration, specialized illumination, scleral vessel registration, and automated prompting. Speed features include a faster ablation rate and less intensive maintenance. Control features include auto registration, a better graphic user interface, and an improved workspace.
CONCLUSIONS: The technological improvements of the LADAR 6000 help eliminate the variability of measurement, alignment, and delivery needed to optimize custom laser vision correction outcomes. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21:S775-S780.]
Postoperative Wavefront Analysis and Contrast Sensitivity of a Multifocal Apodized Diffrattive IOL (ReSTOR) and Three Monofocal IOLs
Authors: Rocha Karolinne Maia , Chalita Maria Regina , Souza Carlos Eduardo B , Soriano Eduardo S , Freitas Lincoln L , Muccioli Cristina , Belfort Rubens 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare visual acuity, total and high order wavefront aberrations (coma, spherical aberration, and other terms of high order aberration), and contrast sensitivity in 105 eyes implanted with 4 different types of intraocular lenses (IOLs) (1 multifocal apodized diffractive IOL and 3 monofocal IOLs).
METHODS: A prospective study comparing four types of IOLs (Alcon ReSTOR [50 eyes], Alcon Acrysof MA30AC [20 eyes], Alcon Acrysof SA60AT [20 eyes], and Mediphacos Acqua IOL [15 eyes]) was carried out. All eyes were targeted for emmetropia. Complete ophtha lmological examination, including uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), contrast sensitivity (Pelli- Robson chart), and wavefront analysis, was performed 2 months postoperatively.
RESULTS: All eyes in all groups had BSCVA ≥20/32 postoperatively. Mean total aberration root-meansquare (RMS) values were: 0.72?0.25 µm (ReSTOR), 0.94?0.26 µm (MA30), 0.84?0.23 µm) (SA60), and 2. 04 ?0.77 µm (Acqua). Mean higher order aberration values were: 0.35?0.15 µm (ReSTOR), 0.41 ± 0.12 µm (MA30), 0.43±0.13 µm) (SA60), and 0.85±0.50 µm) (Acqua). The Acqua IOL showed statistically significant more total and higher order aberrations when compared with the other IOLs (P<.05). The ReSTOR IOL showed statistically significant less induction of spherical aberration when compared to the monofocal IOLs (P<.05). Mean contrast sensitivity values were: 1.64 ?0.08 (ReSTOR), 1.72?0.08 (MA30), 1.70?0.07 (SA60), and 1.65?0.11 (Acqua).
CONCLUSIONS: Different types of IOLs resulted in measurably different postoperative higher order aberration patterns. The multifocal apodized diffractive IOL (ReSTOR) induced significantly less spherical aberration compared to the monofocal IOLs. Contrast sensitivity revealed better values with MA30 and SA60 IOLs when compared to ReSTOR. The integration of wavefront technology in evaluating Pseudophakie patients represents a step towards better understanding and analyzing postoperative visual quality. [J Refract Surg. 2005;21: S808-S812.]
Expressions picturales de la vanité au xviie siècle
Authors: Heck Michèle-Caroline 
Published: December 2019

Les représentations picturales de la Vanité occupent au xviie siècle une place particulière. Elles s’inscrivent dans une double problématique qui tient compte d’une réflexion renouvelée sur la mort, du rapprochement du champ du religieux et du profane, dans le contexte du transfert de signification de la figure humaine à l’objet dans les natures mortes. Simples ou plus complexes, les natures mortes témoignent de la diversité de sens de cette notion. Les enjeux sont d’ordre religieux, moral, mais ils proposent surtout une nouvelle conception de l’homme. Ainsi, la Vanité ne se borne-t-elle pas à la représentation de la mort sous forme d’un crâne, mais s’insinue également dans les représentations des cinq sens ou des livres, et évoque l’attachement aux biens de ce monde.
Potential dual effect of anthropogenic emissions on the formation of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA)
Authors: Kari Eetu , Hao Liqing , Ylisirniö Arttu , Buchholz Angela , Leskinen Ari , Yli-Pirilä Pasi , Nuutinen Ilpo , Kuuspalo Kari , Jokiniemi Jorma , Faiola Celia L. , Schobesberger Siegfried , Virtanen Annele 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The fraction of gasoline direct-injection (GDI) vehicles
comprising the total vehicle pool is projected to increase in the future.
However, thorough knowledge about the influence of GDI engines on important
atmospheric chemistry processes is missing – namely, their contribution to
secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursor emissions, contribution to SOA formation, and
potential role in biogenic–anthropogenic interactions. The objectives of
this study were to (1) characterize emissions from modern GDI vehicles and
investigate their role in SOA formation chemistry and (2) investigate
biogenic–anthropogenic interactions related to SOA formation from a mixture
of GDI-vehicle emissions and a model biogenic compound, α-pinene.
Specifically, we studied SOA formation from modern GDI-vehicle emissions
during the constant-load driving. In this study we show that SOA formation
from GDI-vehicle emissions was observed in each experiment. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured
with the proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight
mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) could account for 19 %–42 % of total SOA mass generated in each experiment. This suggests that there were lower-volatility
intermediate VOCs (IVOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the GDI-vehicle exhaust that likely contributed to SOA production but were not detected with the
instrumentation used in this study. This study also demonstrates that two distinct mechanisms caused by anthropogenic emissions suppress α-pinene SOA mass yield. The first suppressing effect was the presence of NOx. This mechanism is consistent with previous reports demonstrating suppression of biogenic SOA formation in the presence of anthropogenic emissions. Our results indicate a possible second suppressing effect, and we suggest that the presence of anthropogenic gas-phase species may have suppressed biogenic SOA formation by alterations to the gas-phase chemistry of α-pinene. This hypothesized change in oxidation pathways led to the formation of α-pinene oxidation products that most likely did not have vapor pressures low enough to partition into the particle phase. Overall, the presence of gasoline-vehicle exhaust caused a more than 50 % suppression in α-pinene SOA mass yield compared to the α-pinene SOA mass yield measured in the absence of any anthropogenic influence.
Evaluation of ARM tethered-balloon system instrumentation for supercooled liquid water and distributed temperature sensing in mixed-phase Arctic clouds
Authors: Dexheimer Darielle , Airey Martin , Roesler Erika , Longbottom Casey , Nicoll Keri , Kneifel Stefan , Mei Fan , Harrison R. Giles , Marlton Graeme , Williams Paul D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. A tethered-balloon system (TBS) has been developed and is being
operated by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) on behalf of the U.S.
Department of Energy's (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User
Facility in order to collect in situ atmospheric measurements within
mixed-phase Arctic clouds. Periodic tethered-balloon flights have been
conducted since 2015 within restricted airspace at ARM's Advanced Mobile
Facility 3 (AMF3) in Oliktok Point, Alaska, as part of the AALCO (Aerial
Assessment of Liquid in Clouds at Oliktok), ERASMUS (Evaluation of Routine
Atmospheric Sounding Measurements using Unmanned Systems), and POPEYE
(Profiling at Oliktok Point to Enhance YOPP Experiments) field campaigns. The
tethered-balloon system uses helium-filled 34 m3 helikites and 79 and
104 m3 aerostats to suspend instrumentation that is used to measure
aerosol particle size distributions, temperature, horizontal wind, pressure,
relative humidity, turbulence, and cloud particle properties and to
calibrate ground-based remote sensing instruments. Supercooled liquid water content (SLWC) sondes using the vibrating-wire
principle, developed by Anasphere Inc., were operated at Oliktok Point at
multiple altitudes on the TBS within mixed-phase clouds for over 200 h.
Sonde-collected SLWC data were compared with liquid water content derived
from a microwave radiometer, Ka-band ARM zenith radar, and ceilometer at the AMF3, as well as liquid water content derived from AMF3 radiosonde flights. The in situ data collected by the Anasphere sensors were also compared with data collected simultaneously by an alternative SLWC sensor developed at the University of Reading, UK; both vibrating-wire instruments were typically observed to shed their ice quickly upon exiting the cloud or reaching maximum ice loading. Temperature sensing measurements distributed with fiber optic tethered balloons were also compared with AMF3 radiosonde temperature measurements. Combined, the results indicate that TBS-distributed
temperature sensing and supercooled liquid water measurements are in
reasonably good agreement with remote sensing and radiosonde-based
measurements of both properties. From these measurements and sensor
evaluations, tethered-balloon flights are shown to offer an effective method
of collecting data to inform and constrain numerical models, calibrate and
validate remote sensing instruments, and characterize the flight environment
of unmanned aircraft, circumventing the difficulties of in-cloud unmanned aircraft flights such as limited flight time and in-flight icing.
Energetic electron enhancements under the radiation belt (&lt;i&gt;L&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 1.2) during a non-storm interval on 1 August 2008
Authors: Suvorova Alla V. , Dmitriev Alexei V. , Parkhomov Vladimir A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. An unusual event of deep injections of >30 keV electrons from
the radiation belt to low L shells (L<1.2) in the midnight–dawn sector
was found from NOAA/POES observations during quiet geomagnetic conditions on
1 August 2008. Using THEMIS observations in front of the bow shock, we
found transient foreshock conditions and interplanetary magnetic
field (IMF) discontinuities passing the
subsolar region at that time. These conditions resulted in generation of
plasma pressure pulses and fast plasma jets observed by THEMIS,
respectively, in the foreshock and magnetosheath. Signatures of interactions
of pressure pulses and jets with the magnetopause were found in THEMIS and
GOES measurements in the dayside magnetosphere and ground magnetogram
records from INTERMAGNET. The jets produce penetration of hot magnetosheath
plasma into the dayside magnetosphere, as was observed by the THEMIS probes
after approaching the magnetopause. High-latitude precipitations of the hot
plasma were observed by NOAA/POES satellites on the dayside. The
precipitations preceded the >30 keV electron injections at low
latitudes. We propose a scenario of possible association between the
phenomena observed. However, the scenario cannot be firmly supported because
of the lack of experimental data on electric fields at the heights of
electron injections. This should be a subject of future experiments.
Spatial and temporal variation in river corridor exchange across a 5th-order mountain stream network
Authors: Ward Adam S. , Wondzell Steven M. , Schmadel Noah M. , Herzog Skuyler , Zarnetske Jay P. , Baranov Viktor , Blaen Phillip J. , Brekenfeld Nicolai , Chu Rosalie , Derelle Romain , Drummond Jennifer , Fleckenstein Jan H. , Garayburu-Caruso Vanessa , Graham Emily , Hannah David , Harman Ciaran J. , Hixson Jase , Knapp Julia L. A. , Krause Stefan , Kurz Marie J. , Lewandowski Jörg , Li Angang , Martí Eugènia , Miller Melinda , Milner Alexander M. , Neil Kerry , Orsini Luisa , Packman Aaron I. , Plont Stephen , Renteria Lupita , Roche Kevin , Royer Todd , Segura Catalina , Stegen James , Toyoda Jason , Hager Jacqueline , Wisnoski Nathan I. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Although most field and modeling studies of river corridor
exchange have been conducted at scales ranging from tens to hundreds of meters,
results of these studies are used to predict their ecological and
hydrological influences at the scale of river networks. Further complicating
prediction, exchanges are expected to vary with hydrologic forcing and the
local geomorphic setting. While we desire predictive power, we lack a
complete spatiotemporal relationship relating discharge to the variation in
geologic setting and hydrologic forcing that is expected across a river
basin. Indeed, the conceptual model of Wondzell (2011) predicts systematic
variation in river corridor exchange as a function of (1) variation in
baseflow over time at a fixed location, (2) variation in discharge with
location in the river network, and (3) local geomorphic setting. To test
this conceptual model we conducted more than 60 solute tracer studies
including a synoptic campaign in the 5th-order river network of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (Oregon, USA) and replicate-in-time experiments
in four watersheds. We interpret the data using a series of metrics
describing river corridor exchange and solute transport, testing for
consistent direction and magnitude of relationships relating these metrics
to discharge and local geomorphic setting. We confirmed systematic decrease
in river corridor exchange space through the river networks, from headwaters
to the larger main stem. However, we did not find systematic variation with
changes in discharge through time or with local geomorphic setting. While
interpretation of our results is complicated by problems with the analytical
methods, the results are sufficiently robust for us to conclude that space-for-time
and time-for-space substitutions are not appropriate in our study system.
Finally, we suggest two strategies that will improve the interpretability of
tracer test results and help the hyporheic community develop robust datasets that will enable comparisons across multiple sites and/or discharge
conditions.
Seasonal and interannual variability in population dynamics of planktic foraminifers off Puerto Rico (Caribbean Sea)
Authors: Jentzen Anna , Schönfeld Joachim , Weiner Agnes K. M. , Weinkauf Manuel F. G. , Nürnberg Dirk , Kučera Michal 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The state of a population of planktic foraminifers at a
certain time reflects multiple processes in the upper ocean, including
environmental conditions to which the population was exposed during its
growth, the age of the cohorts, and spatiotemporal patchiness. We carried
out depth-stratified (0–60, 60–100 m) replicated sampling off Puerto
Rico in autumn 2012, revisiting three stations previously sampled in autumn 1994 and spring 1995, in order to analyze seasonal and interannual
variability of planktic foraminifers and the stable isotopic composition of
their tests. The merged dataset from all three sampling campaigns allows us
to assess short- and long-term changes in foraminiferal population dynamics
and the spatial assemblage coherency along the shelf edge. All three
sample series cover more than 2 weeks during either spring (1995) or
autumn (1994, 2012) and include the time of the full moon when reproduction
of some surface-dwelling planktic foraminifers has been postulated to take
place. Our analyses indicate that interannual variability affected the
faunal composition, and both autumn assemblages were characterized by
oligotrophic tropical species, dominated by Trilobatus sacculifer and Globigerinoides ruber (white and pink variety).
However, G. ruber (white) had a higher abundance in 1994 (37 %) than in 2012 (3.5 %), which may be partially due to increasing sea surface temperatures
since the 1990s. Between 60 and 100 m water depth, a different faunal
composition with a specific stable oxygen isotope signature provides
evidence for the presence of the Subtropical Underwater at the sampling
site. Measurements on T. sacculifer sampled in autumn 2012 revealed that test size,
calcification and incidence of sac-like chambers continued to increase after
full moon, and thus no relation to the synodic lunar reproduction cycle was
recognized. During autumn 2012, outer bands of hurricane Sandy passed
the Greater Antilles and likely affected the foraminifers. Lower standing
stocks of living planktic foraminifers and lower stable carbon isotope
values from individuals collected in the mixed layer likely indicate the
response to increased rainfall and turbidity in the wake of the hurricane.
De BGK-vordering in een deelgeschilprocedure
Authors: Leen R.D. 
Published: December 2019

De BGK-vordering in een deelgeschilprocedure
In dit artikel staat de vraag centraal hoe de deelgeschilrechter aankijkt tegen het voorleggen van een BGK-geschil in de recente jurisprudentie. Een BGK-geschil kan worden voorgelegd in een deelgeschilprocedure. Rechters gaan wisselend om met de toepassing van de formele vereisten die gelden voor een deelgeschilprocedure. Een harde grens wordt getrokken indien sprake is van misbruik van procesrecht. Indien het BGK-geschil voldoet aan de formele vereisten, is het aan de rechter om te beoordelen of de BGK inhoudelijk aan de dubbele redelijkheidstoets voldoen. Het feit dat sprake is van een BGK-geschil kan op de dubbele redelijkheidstoets van invloed zijn.