bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pathway to Inclusion: Improving the Health of All Americans
Authors: Herman Cassandra , Washington Teneasha , Tubbs Allison , Edwards Penny , Cline Rebecca , Williams Cara 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
People with disabilities (PWDs) are an underrecognized population who tend to experience poorer health outcomes than those without disabilities. Many of these disparate health outcomes are preventable and can be addressed through various lifestyle interventions, such as physical activity and access to appropriate health care services. However, PWDs face significant barriers to health care and health-promoting activities within their communities that can positively affect these health outcomes and improve quality of life. In order to ensure access to these beneficial programs, inclusive practices must be incorporated into all aspects of the physical and social environment, including the built environment, equipment, service delivery, policy and decision making, programming, and staff training. The purpose of this article is to discuss barriers often experienced by PWDs in accessing health promotion programs and address practical considerations that can ensure inclusion of PWDs' health care and health promotion programming. Additionally, this article will provide clinical exercise physiologists with resources, tools, and examples of inclusive approaches that will provide a foundation to offer inclusive programs and practices to all Americans, including those with disabilities.
La comunicación del miedo: ¿Linchamiento mediático o comunicación colusoria? Análisis de una categoría ambigua en Ecuador.
Authors: Hidalgo-Andrade Gabriel 
Published: June 2020

Con 75 votos afirmativos, de 137 que componen el órgano legislativo, la Asamblea Nacional del Ecuador, el 18 de diciembre de 2018, aprobó las noventa modificaciones en las que se incluye la eliminación del linchamiento mediático, entre otras cuestionadas figuras legales. Sin embargo, el texto fue enviado al Ejecutivo el 20 del mismo mes y la promulgación presidencial se mantiene pendiente, y con esto se conserva la incertidumbre sobre el destino de estos debates que conciernen al estudio de la comunicación.
¿Es posible que una ley que fuera presentada como el antídoto para democratizar el acceso a la comunicación, sea el instrumento para intimidar a la opinión pública crítica y se convierta en una iniciativa para la construcción social del miedo?
Este trabajo se divide en tres partes. La primera está destinada a estudiar el sentido etimológico de la palabra linchamiento. La segunda parte propone el concepto estudiado como una figura amplia en su aplicación, estudiando ejemplos en distintos países. La tercera parte aborda a los sujetos para explicar brevemente las variables de comparación transversal en la dinámica comunicacional y anticipa algunos elementos que posibilitan establecer algunas conclusiones. Finalmente se ofrecen algunas soluciones argumentales al presente trabajo.
Socio-psychological mechanisms of adaptation and integration of internal transmitted persons in the community
Authors: Fedorenko Oleksandra 
Published: June 2020

This article is devoted to the case study of the social and psychological adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons in the host community. Theoretical analysis of modern local and foreign studies has been performed. A theoretical analysis of contemporary domestic and foreign researches was effectuated, during which the specialities of the socio-psychological mechanisms of adaptation and integration of internally displaced were identified. It was clarified that the process of adaptation involves acceptance and adaptation to social norms, and as a result of integration, the emergence of new formations that meet the needs of individual and group development takes place. Also, there were an attempt to define the existence of distinctions of the migrants, refugees, internally displaced persons and their special aspects of adaptation. The complexity of the social and psychological adaptation of internally displaced persons lies in the fact that the result of the process should be the conformity to socially regulated behavior, interests, and values orientations of community without losing its own individuality. Research findings point to the significant potential of internally displaced persons, which can contribute to improving the adaptive capacity of the entire community, to manifest itself in the cultural, social and working life of the host party.The material presented in the article emphasizes the importance of a more careful study of the mechanisms of adaptation and integration.
Formation of the life competence as the basis for personalized development of a primary school child
Authors: Hurina Zoia 
Published: June 2020

The article presents the research theoretical analysis of personality’s competence, it reveals its components and characteristics; the competence is considered from the point of view of cultural-historical theory of higher psychic functions made by L. Vyhotskyi, according to which the intellectual development of personality is implemented through acquisition by meanings of words and visual symbols, as well as it demonstrates the procedural-active approach (S. Rubinshtein, A. Brushlynskyi, L. Venher), in which the key concept is «thinking and ability», and it is determined that the essence of intellectual education should consist in formation of personality’s ability to understand and generate the new thoughts. Competence is defined by scientists as the ability to make decisions and bear responsibility for their implementation in various fields of human activity. The concept of competence implies combination of physical and intellectual qualities of a person and the properties necessary for independent and effective way out from different life situations. Competence implies the appropriate level of personal mechanisms development, such as repetition, identification, imitation, empathy, reflection, image of «I», conscience, corresponding to age opportunities and individual life stories of a child.
In psychological and pedagogical literature, different aspects of competence are considered: competence in communication, cognitive competence, social and psychological competence, life competence, etc. Communicative competence is considered as a system of internal resources necessary for building the effective communication in a certain range of situations during the interpersonal interaction. Cognitive competence makes it possible to determine what is true and what is false. Competence in the emotional-volitional sphere implies the preschooler’s morality formation. As the indicators of vital competence the scientists determine the activity of a child in gaming, subject-practical activities, communication and basic qualities formation in personality.
Clinical profile of children with pneumonia admitted at tertiary care hospital, Belgaum: A prospective study
Authors: Udaya K , Murteli Vijaykumar B , Desai Arun 
Published: June 2020

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a public health problem in India. Timely intervention, correct treatment, and referral service can save many deaths, particularly pneumonia. Objective: This study aimed to study the sociodemographic and clinical profile of children hospitalized with pneumonia and its relation to the duration of stay at a tertiary care center at Belgaum district, Karnataka. Methodology: The study was conducted in Belagavi Institute of Medical Sciences, a referral hospital, during 2013-2015. Sociodemographic and clinical features of children aged from more than 2 months to 18 years of age were studied. A total of 84 children who met the inclusion criteria for community-acquired pneumonia were studied. The patient population comprises mainly of the low-income group from rural areas, urban slums, referred patients from surrounding rural areas, and private clinics. Results: A total of 84 children were studied, 48 boys and 36 girls. Maximum numbers of children were in low socioeconomic group (43 in upper lower and 37 in lower group) according to modified Kuppuswamy classification. Passive smoking was present in 40.5% of studied and overcrowding was seen in 51% of children studied. 44% of children were breastfed for <6 months, and 30.64% were partially immunized. There is a significant association between passive smoking, delayed medical attention, and duration of stay. Conclusion: With this study, we can conclude that children who got early medical attention (<4 days) stayed for less period of time in the hospital (<7 days). Children exposed to passive smoking had a longer duration of stay.
Conflict of Interest policy
Authors: Balogh Lajos P 
Published: June 2020

Public trust in the peer-review process and the credibility of published articles depend in part on how well conflict of interest is handled during writing, peer review, and editorial decision making. Conflict of interest exists when an author (or the author’s institution), reviewer, or editor has financial or personal relationships that inappropriately influence (bias) his or her actions (such relationships are also known as dual commitments, competing interests, or competing loyalties). These relationships may vary from those with negligible potential to those with great potential to influence judgment, and not all relationships represent true conflict of interest. The potential for conflict of interest can exist whether or not an individual believes that the relationship affects his or her scientific judgment. Financial relationships (such as employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony) are the most easily identifiable conflicts of interest and the most likely to undermine the credibility of the journal, the reviewers, and the authors. However, conflicts can occur for other reasons, such as personal relationships, academic competition, and intellectual passion. Please, note that the appearance of a conflict also constitutes a conflict of interest.
A Comparison of Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Rivers Detected by a New Image-Processing Based Method and Magnitude-Thresholding Based Methods
Authors: Xu Guangzhi , Ma Xiaohui , Chang Ping , Wang Lin 
Published: June 2020

A majority of the existing atmospheric rivers (ARs) detection methods is based on magnitude thresholding on either the integrated water vapor (IWV) or integrated vapor transport (IVT). One disadvantage of such an approach is that the predetermined threshold does not have the flexibility to adjust to the fast changing conditions where ARs are embedded. To address this issue, a new AR detection method is derived from an image-processing algorithm that makes the detection independent of AR magnitude. In this study, we compare the North Pacific and Atlantic ARs tracked by the new detection method and two widely used magnitude thresholding methods in the present day climate. The results show considerable sensitivities of the detected AR number, shape, intensities and their accounted IVT accumulations to different methods. In many aspects, ARs detected by the new method lie between those from the two magnitude thresholding methods, but stand out with a greater number of AR tracks, longer track durations, and stronger AR-related moisture transport in the AR tracks. North Pacific and North Atlantic ARs identified by the new method account for around 100–120 × 10 3 kg/m/s IVT within the AR track regions, about 50 % more than the other two methods. This is primarily due to the fact that the new method captures the strong IVT signals more effectively.
Preparation and Component Optimization of Resin-Based Permeable Brick
Authors: Wang Xiaofu , Zhang Xiong 
Published: June 2020

The present study aims to prepare resin-based permeable bricks with micron-sized pores using fine aggregate with a particle diameter of 0.08–0.6 mm and bisphenol-A epoxy resin, a polymer binder. The properties of the binder, the characteristic parameters of the aggregate, and the micro pore structure of the brick were studied in order to break through the limitations of traditional porous permeable materials. The dynamic mechanical properties of resin were analyzed by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The frequency parameter of particle size of 10 kinds of aggregate from different regions were obtained by digital image processing, and the characteristic parameter (aggregate distribution coefficient α) was obtained by modified Gaussian distribution. The microstructure of porous brick was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The test results show: (1) the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resin is 61 °C; (2) the parameters of aggregate particle group will affect the performance of porous permeable materials; (3) the minimum effective pore diameter of the permeable brick is 30 μm, the maximum permeable rate is 6.22 × 10 − 2 cm / s and the compressive strength is 41.08 MPa. The conclusions of this study will provide an important reference for permeable materials in the micron-scale pore range and the selection of binder and aggregate materials.
Data Description Technique-Based Islanding Classification for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System
Authors: Haque Ahteshamul , Alshareef Abdulaziz , Khan Asif Irshad , Alam Md Mottahir , Kurukuru Varaha Satya Bharath , Irshad Kashif 
Published: June 2020

This paper develops an islanding classification mechanism to overcome the problems of non-detection zones in conventional islanding detection mechanisms. This process is achieved by adapting the support vector-based data description technique with Gaussian radial basis function kernels for islanding and non-islanding events in single phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. To overcome the non-detection zone, excess and deficit power imbalance conditions are considered for different loading conditions. These imbalances are characterized by the voltage dip scenario and were subjected to feature extraction for training with the machine learning technique. This is experimentally realized by training the machine learning classifier with different events on a 5 kW grid-connected system. Using the concept of detection and false alarm rates, the performance of the trained classifier is tested for multiple faults and power imbalance conditions. The results showed the effective operation of the classifier with a detection rate of 99.2% and a false alarm rate of 0.2%.
Improvement of fabrication accuracy of vertically curved silicon waveguide optical coupler using hard mask shielded ion implantation bending
Authors: Yoshida Tomoya , Atsumi Yuki , Omoda Emiko , Sakakibara Youichi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To obtain high device fabrication uniformity and reproducibility for vertically curved silicon waveguide optical coupler, we developed the high accuracy ion implantation bending (IIB) method by incorporating a tungsten mask that can partially shield the ion implantation. The developed IIB method improved the positional accuracy of the origin of vertically curved Si wire bending from a wet etching-level of 1 μm order to a dry etching-level of several 100 nm order, and we obtained a fabrication accuracy of about less than ±0.4 μm of the tip position of the Si-wire vertically curved structures.
Science Education: An Overview for Central America
Authors: Mario Contreras Mario 
Published: June 2020

Central America is a net importer of scientific knowledge and technical know-how. A few good quality research and education programs exist in the region. They focus on agriculture and natural resources management. National research systems are generally weak. Current international economic and political conditions are forcing the region into a global environment that demands, above all, human capital resources of the highest quality possible at all levels. Scientific and technical knowledge is increasingly perceived in the region as a strategic resource essential for development. Education is often touted as the road to progress.
Diversity in Science Education: Its Role in the Development of Latin America in the 21st Century
Authors: Tewolde Assefaw 
Published: June 2020

Over the next quarter-century, the world's population is expected to grow by an unprecedented 90 million people-the equivalent of Mexico's population in 1995 (IFPRI, 1996). The resulting strain on food supplies, agricultural production, services and the environment will pose enormous challenges to even the most resourceful leaders. However, a growing body of research shows that these challenges can be met provided that well-planned science education and research is in place. That being so, there still is wide variation in the levels of literacy between the different Latin American countries, indicating the differential effect that science education has on the region. This is probably due to the differential investment in science that countries have made over the years. For example, while Costa Rica, Uruguay, Argentina, and Chile are among the countries with the highest literacy rates in South America, there are other countries in the same continent with literacy rates at levels below 75 percent.
Latin America, like the rest of the world, will not escape the challenges of the twenty-first century. These challenges include: an ever increasing concern for environmental conservation and the management of biodiversity; the globalization of the economy; and the increasing need to ensure food security to the growing population in general and particularly to the urban sector. This means that science education must focus on these challenges. In all these, science has had, and will continue to have, significant influence.
Health and Disease
Authors: Hornung David E. , Shrady Catherine H 
Published: June 2020

A close examination of a healing tradition's assumptions about reality (metaphysics), ways of acquiring knowledge (epistemology), and systems of beliefs and values (ideology) are a powerful focus for a more general attempt to study culture (Beinfield and Koragold, 1991). The intention of this paper is not to offer a comprehensive view of any particular healing tradition. In the few pages that follow, it would be impossible to adequately describe even a single healing tradition. Rather, generalizations concerning the metaphysics, epistemology, and ideology of Western and non-Western healing traditions are used to suggest how healing traditions might be related to broader cultural contexts. Healing traditions outside of allopathic medicine are here referred to by the term "non-Western." This is not meant to suggest a "them vs. us" mentality. If anything it suggests a nonspiritual vs. spiritual dichotomy. Questions raised when different healing traditions encounter each other and sometimes conflict are powerful teaching tools. The hope is that these questions and generalizations might provide the beginning framework by which a student studying abroad could approach culture through issues of health and disease.
On the Nature of Immersion During Study Abroad: Some Participant Perspectives
Authors: Wilkinson Sharon 
Published: June 2020

The Valcourt program founded in 1990 with the aim of supplementing existing semester and academic-year programs available through Collegiate University and providing an opportunity for students with as little as two semesters of language instruction to study in France.
In this article, perspectives from Molise and Ashley, who along with five other participants from Collegiate, agreed to serve as informants in a qualitative research project which sought to understand–from their point of view–the transition they were making from language learning in an American classroom to language use in Valcourt and back again. The resulting data show, among other things, how truly unique each participant’s perspective can be, even when backgrounds seem similar.
Особливості введення Pinus strobus L. у культуру in vitro
Authors: Адаменко С. А. , Шлапак В. П. , Курка С. С. , Парубок М. І. , Тисячний О. П. 
Published: June 2020

Досліджено особливості клонального мікророзмноження рослин P. strobus у культурі in vitro. Наведено результати досліджень з підбору реагентів, їх концентрації та експозиції з метою отримання стерильних експлантів, для подальшого їх культивування. Вважають, що найбільше ураження рослинного матеріалу відбувається в літній період, а найменше – у зимовий. У ролі експлантів використано апекси верхівкових бруньок, що заготовляли у другій половині грудня та насіння поточного року. Для стерилізації відібрано зразки, які почергово занурювали в дезінфікувальні розчини гіпохлориту натрію, перекису водню та етилового спирту з різною експозицією. Встановлено, що для успішного введення P. strobus у культуру in vitro найкраще використовувати 2,5 % гіпохлорит натрію з експозицією 6–10 хвилин. Виконано підбір оптимального середовища для розмноження рослинного матеріалу та підвищення частоти регенерування – частки експлантів, які утворили адвентивні мікропагони та кількості нових мікропагонів на експлант. Бруньки у ролі екслантів не використовували, оскільки після проведення стерилізації їх заражуваність інфекцією була вищою, а відсоток життєздатності нижчий, ніж у насіння. Виявлено, що на середовищі Ллойда-Мак-Коуна та Шенка-Хільдебранта експланти розвивались, але бічні пагони утворювались слабо і майже не росли. На середовищі Гамборга материнські експланти взагалі не розвивались і з часом почали гинути. Найсприятливішим для культивування експлантів виявилося середовище Мурасіге-Скуга, тому подальші дослідження виконували на його основі. Для цього новоутворені експланти, отримані після першого культивування, пересаджували на це середовище, модифіковане додаванням регуляторів росту – індолілоцтової (ІОК) та нафтилоцтової кислот (НОК) з концентрацією 0,5 мг/л та бензиламінопурину (БАП) з концентрацією від 0,5 до 1,5 мг/л. Усього було дев'ять варіантів досліду. Встановлено, що найефективнішим був варіант, у якому в середовище додавали 0,5 мг/л НОК і 1 мг/л БАП.