bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging and aortic pulse‐wave velocity in healthy adults
Authors: Hussein Ahmad , Matthews Jacob L. , Syme Catriona , Macgowan Christopher , MacIntosh Bradley J. , Shirzadi Zahra , Pausova Zdenka , Paus Tomáš , Chen J. Jean 
Published: February 2020

AbstractResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) is frequently used to study brain function; but, it is unclear whether BOLD‐signal fluctuation amplitude and functional connectivity are associated with vascular factors, and how vascular‐health factors are reflected in rs‐fMRI metrics in the healthy population. As arterial stiffening is a known age‐related cardiovascular risk factor, we investigated the associations between aortic stiffening (as measured using pulse‐wave velocity [PWV]) and rs‐fMRI metrics. We used cardiac MRI to measure aortic PWV (an established indicator of whole‐body vascular stiffness), as well as dual‐echo pseudo‐continuous arterial‐spin labeling to measure BOLD and CBF dynamics simultaneously in a group of generally healthy adults. We found that: (1) higher aortic PWV is associated with lower variance in the resting‐state BOLD signal; (2) higher PWV is also associated with lower BOLD‐based resting‐state functional connectivity; (3) regions showing lower connectivity do not fully overlap with those showing lower BOLD variance with higher PWV; (4) CBF signal variance is a significant mediator of the above findings, only when averaged across regions‐of‐interest. Furthermore, we found no significant association between BOLD signal variance and systolic blood pressure, which is also a known predictor of vascular stiffness. Age‐related vascular stiffness, as measured by PWV, provides a unique scenario to demonstrate the extent of vascular bias in rs‐fMRI signal fluctuations and functional connectivity. These findings suggest that a substantial portion of age‐related rs‐fMRI differences may be driven by vascular effects rather than directly by brain function.
Significance of LncRNA CASC8 genetic polymorphisms on the tuberculosis susceptibility in Chinese population
Authors: Liu Guoye , Xia Rui , Wang Qian , Wang Zhiqiang , Ying Binwu , Yan Hong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundTuberculosis remains an important disease threatening the security of public health, and no effective targets have been found for the immunological diagnosis or therapy of tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between lncRNA CASC8 genetic polymorphism and tuberculosis risk.MethodA total of 900 tuberculosis patients and 1534 healthy individuals in the Western Chinese Han population were recruited for our study. Candidate SNPs of CASC8 were initially filtered by importing the 1000 genomes database into Haploview, and subsequently genotyped using modified multiplex ligation detection reactions.ResultsThe lncRNA CASC8 genetic variant rs7836840 was associated with an increased tuberculosis risk with a P‐value of .034, but .134 after Bonferroni correction. Using subtype analysis, the C allele in rs7836840 showed a significant association with tuberculosis susceptibility (OR = 1.196, 95% CI = 1.05‐1.362, P = .02739 after Bonferroni correction). Patients carrying genotype AG and GG of rs7825118 and rs9297758 exhibited lower Hb concentrations (P = .006) and neutrophil counts (P = .015), respectively, while genotype AG and AA in rs6981424 demonstrated higher levels of ALT (P = .005) and AST (P = .033) in a dominant model, which were consistent with a tendency toward increased TB risk.ConclusionsThis study was the first to explore the association between lncRNA CASC8 polymorphisms and TB infection risk and clinical manifestations. Our results provide evidence that CASC8 may act as a biomarker for the progression of clinical tuberculosis.
Impact of the Selective Orexin‐1 Receptor Antagonist ACT‐539313 on the Pharmacokinetics of the CYP3A Probe Drug Midazolam in Healthy Male Subjects
Authors: Berger Benjamin , Kaufmann Priska , Koch Annelize , Dingemanse Jasper 
Published: February 2020

AbstractACT‐539313 is a potent and selective orexin‐1 receptor antagonist. CYP3A is the major cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme involved in the metabolism and clearance of ACT‐539313 in man. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ACT‐539313 on the pharmacokinetics of orally administered midazolam. Thereby, this single‐center, open‐label, fixed‐sequence study investigated the CYP3A interaction potential of ACT‐539313 following single‐ (on day 2) and repeated‐dose (on day 11) twice‐daily administration of 200 mg ACT‐539313. Exposure to midazolam was higher during concomitant administration of single as well as after repeated doses of ACT‐539313 over 10 days compared to midazolam alone (day 1). In the presence of ACT‐539313, the geometric mean ratio of the maximum plasma concentration and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to 24 hours increased by 1.18‐ and 1.79‐fold on day 2, and by 2.13‐ and 4.54‐fold on day 11, respectively. A similar outcome was also shown in the additionally evaluated urinary 6β‐hydroxycortisol/cortisol ratio (6β‐CR), as the geometric mean ratio of the 6β‐CR showed a decrease to 0.78 on day 2 and to 0.61 on day 11. The most commonly reported adverse events (AEs) included somnolence and headache. All AEs were transient and of mild intensity. No treatment‐related effects on vital signs, clinical laboratory, and electrocardiogram were observed. In summary, the observed corresponding decrease of both the validated, exogenous (midazolam/1‐hydroxymidazolam ratio) and a frequently used endogenous (6β‐CR) marker of CYP3A activity is indicative of CYP3A inhibition occurring after ACT‐539313 treatment.
Associations of MTRR A66G polymorphism and promoter methylation with ischemic stroke in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Li Dankang , Zhao Qinglin , Zhang Chengda , Huang Xiaowen , Godfrey Opolot , Zhang Weidong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) have a higher risk of developing ischemic stroke (IS). The association between MTRR A66G polymorphism and promoter methylation with IS in patients with HHcy is also uncertain. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the MTRR polymorphism and methylation with IS in HHcy patients.MethodsThis case–control study included a total of 304 HHcy patients (95 with IS and 209 without IS). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the association between MTRR polymorphism and classical atherothrombotic risk factors with the risk of IS.ResultsThe log‐additive and dominant models were markedly different in participants with IS compared to the control group (p = 0.031 and 0.016, respectively). The log‐additive and dominant showed a significant association with IS in the low level plasma homocysteine groups (p = 0.024 and 0.014, respectively). No significant difference of methylation between IS and without IS group (p > 0.05). Patients with high plasma homocysteine had a 4.041–4.941 fold higher risk of IS (p = 0.01, 0.016 and 0.041, respectively) compared to the low plasma homocysteine group. Age, diabetes, hypertension and plasma homocysteine were the risk factors for IS in patients with HHcy (p = 0.033, 0.000, 0.001 and 0.038, respectively).ConclusionsMTRR A66G polymorphism and an elevated plasma plasma homocysteine level were significantly associated with an increased risk of IS in patients with HHcy. Age, diabetes, hypertension and Hcy were all found to be associated with IS.
Longitudinal evaluation of Wnt inhibitors and comparison with others serum osteoimmunological biomarkers in osteolytic bone metastasis
Authors: Galliera Emanuela , Massaccesi Luca , de Benedettis Elena , Longhi Elisa , de Toma Domenico , Corsi Romanelli Massimiliano M , Banfi Giuseppe 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Bone and the immune system are closely linked: bone regulates the hematopoietic stem cells, which are precursors of immune cells, and several immunoregulatory cytokines influence the differentiation of bone cells, thus defining the osteoimmunological system. Cytokines and growth factors produced by immune and bone cells promote tumors in bone, supporting the vicious cycle of bone metastasis. Therefore osteoimmunological molecules linking the immune and bone systems could have diagnostic and prognostic potential for bone metastases. The osteoimmunologic Wnt pathway has been recently described as an important pathway with a vital role in bone carcinogenesis and metastatic progression. We examined the Wnt inhibitor DKK-1, sclerostin and several other osteoimmunological biomarkers involved in bone metastatic progression: RANKL, OPG, OPN, matrix metalloproteinase MMP-3 and the Receptor of Advanced Glycosylated End-products sRAGE. OPN and sclerostin proved good biomarkers of metastatic bone progression; the RANKL/OPG ratio was a good indicator of bone erosion in the metastatic process, while sRAGE had a protective role against metastatic progression in bone. These results serve to define a panel of new osteoimmunological biomarkers that could be useful in assessing the progress of osteolytic bone metastases.
A comparative view on vitamin C effects on αβ- versus γδ T-cell activation and differentiation
Authors: Peters Christian , Kouakanou Léonce , Kabelitz Dieter 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Vitamin C (VitC) is an essential vitamin that needs to be provided through exogenous sources. It is a potent anti-oxidant, and an essential cofactor for many enzymes including a group of enzymes that modulate epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Moreover, VitC has a significant influence on T-cell differentiation, and can directly interfere with T-cell signaling. Conventional CD4 and CD8 T cells express the αβ TCR and recognize peptide antigens in the context of MHC presentation. The numerically small population of γδ T cells recognizes antigens in an MHC-independent manner. γδ T cells kill a broad variety of malignant cells, and because of their unique features, are interesting candidates for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize what is known about the influence of VitC on T-cell activation and differentiation with a special focus on γδ T cells. The known mechanisms of action of VitC on αβ T cells are discussed and extrapolated to the effects observed on γδ T-cell activation and differentiation. Overall, VitC enhances proliferation and effector functions of γδ T cells and thus may help to increase the efficacy of γδ T cells applied as cancer immunotherapy in adoptive cell transfer.
Early markers of atrial fibrillation recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Lanters Eva A. H. , Teuwen Christophe P. , Hokken Thijmen , Rohde Sofie , Haitsma David B. , Zijlstra Felix , Jordaens Luc J. L. M. , de Groot Natasja M. S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPostprocedural atrial extrasystole (AES) frequency predicts atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with paroxysmal AF. However, the predictive value of preprocedural AES frequency is unknown. We investigate whether preprocedural AES frequency is a feasible marker to predict (timing of) AF recurrence after PVI.MethodsPatients (N = 684) with paroxysmal or persistent AF undergoing first‐time PVI were evaluated for (a) the frequency of AES/day on Holter recordings without AF prior to PVI, (b) AF episodes during the 90 days blanking period, and (c) AF recurrences afterward. The correlation between AES/day and both development and timing of AF recurrences was tested.ResultsPreprocedural AES/day was similar in patients with paroxysmal (66 [20‐295] AES/day) and persistent AF (115 [12‐248] AES/day, P = .915). During the blanking period, 302 (44.2%) patients showed AF episodes. AF recurred in 379 (55.4%) patients at 203 (105‐400) days after PVI. AF recurred more frequently in patients with persistent (N = 104 [69.3%]) than in patients with paroxysmal AF (N = 275 [51.5%], P < .001). Frequency of AES prior to PVI was not correlated with development (P = .203) or timing (P = .478) of AF recurrences. AF recurrences occurred both more frequently (P < .001) and earlier (P < .000) in patients with AF during the blanking period.ConclusionAES/day prior to PVI is not correlated with (timing of) AF during the blanking period or AF recurrences, and is therefore not a feasible marker for AF recurrences in patients with PAF. AF during the blanking period is correlated with AF recurrence.
Assessment of PMIP3 model simulations of megadroughts over the eastern China during the last millennium
Authors: Qin Yanmin , Ning Liang , Chen Kefan , Liu Jian , Yan Mi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe simulated spatiotemporal characteristics and variability of decadal megadroughts over the eastern China during the last millennium of 7 model simulations from the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (PMIP3) archive were assessed, and the corresponding mechanisms of the megadroughts were also investigated. The simulated megadrought features of frequencies, durations, magnitudes and spatial distributions were compared with reconstructed data. Comparison showed that climate models can reasonably reproduce the major features of megadroughts, however, the simulated megadroughts are not temporal synchronous with the reconstructed megadroughts, indicating that the internal variability rather than external forcing initiates the observed megadroughts. The simulated spatial distributions of wind and sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies during megadrought years showed that megadroughts over the eastern China corresponded to weakening of the East Asia Summer Monsoon (EASM) and strengthening of the East Asia Winter Monsoon (EAWM). A pattern of sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) with significant negative SSTA over the western central North Pacific and significant positive SSTA over eastern North Pacific and equatorial Pacific, resembling a positive PDO‐like pattern, was found to suppress precipitation in eastern China. Therefore, it could be concluded that that internal climate variability is the main trigger of the megadroughts over the eastern China, while the North Pacific decadal variability is considered the key driving factor influencing the EASM and EAWM.
Multi‐diagnostic multi‐model ensemble forecasts of aviation turbulence
Authors: Storer Luke N. , Gill Philip G. , Williams Paul D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTurbulence is one of the major weather hazards to aviation. Studies have shown that clear‐air turbulence may well occur more frequently with future climate change. Currently the two World Area Forecast Centres use deterministic models to generate forecasts of turbulence. It has been shown that the use of multi‐model ensembles can lead to more skilful turbulence forecasts. It has also been shown that the combination of turbulence diagnostics can also produce more skilful forecasts using deterministic models. This study puts the two approaches together to expand the range of diagnostics to include predictors of both convective and mountain wave turbulence, in addition to clear‐air turbulence, using two ensemble model systems. Results from a 12 month global trial from September 2016 to August 2017 show the increased skill and economic value of including a wider range of diagnostics in a multi‐diagnostic multi‐model ensemble.
Electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of ferrocene‐based polyimidazole/carbon material composites
Authors: Nazir Ahsan , Yu Haojie , Wang Li , Liu Jinhua , Li Songbiao , Amin Bilal Ul , Naveed Kaleem‐ur‐Rahman , Khan Rizwan Ullah , Khan Amin , Usman Muhammad , Elshaarani Tarig , Uddin Md Alim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFerrocene‐based polyimidazole (PPIFc) composites containing multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and carbon black (CB) were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization, respectively. The prepared PPIFc/MWCNT, PPIFc/RGO, and PPIFc/CB composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The electrical conductive property of the PPIFc/MWCNT, PPIFc/RGO, and PPIFc/CB composites was tested by a four‐probe method. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties of the composites were measured by a coaxial method in the 1 to 4.5 GHz. These PPIFc/MWCNT, PPIFc/RGO, and PPIFc/CB composites showed good EMI shielding performance and total shielding effectiveness (SET) for PPIFc/CB was −11.2 dB, PPIFc/RGO was −13.1 dB, and PPIFc/MWCNT was −25.4 dB by using 50 wt% of the composite in the paraffin wax.
Strain‐rate‐dependent mechanical properties of polypropylene separator for lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Moghim Mohammad Hadi , Nahvi Bayani Ashkan , Eqra Rahim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe mechanical integrity of battery separators is critical for battery safety and durability. A comprehensive study of strain‐rate‐dependent tensile and puncture properties of a polypropylene lithium‐ion battery separator is presented here with a new model. Due to anisotropy of the polymeric membrane, tensile testing was conducted for different directions. Results showed that tensile strength and elastic modulus were increased 1000% and 500%, respectively, for different directions. It was also demonstrated that tensile strength changed 10 to 25% with strain rate (1.67 × 10−4 to 1.67 × 10−1 s−1) for different directions. An equation was obtained for the first time for flow stress versus strain rate at varied tensile directions with respect to machine direction. Moreover, puncture testing was performed and it was shown that puncture strength was increased 140% with increasing strain rate from 0.25 to 250 mm min−1. Two failure modes were also observed in puncture samples. Finally, Eyring's model was used to calculate activation enthalpy of the porous polypropylene separator. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Intellectual property in entomology: Analysis and perspective on recent trends in global patent publications
Authors: Hamm Ronda L , Gregg Anne , Sparks Thomas C 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntellectual property (IP) is an important consideration for entomological research and provides a means to capture value from new discoveries. Herein, we describe an analysis of more than 26 000 patent publications from 2007–2017 related to the field of entomology. These patents were divided among 8000 patent assignees; however, only 5% of the assignees had ≥10 patents. Corporations accounted for the largest share of patents (59%), with individuals (20%), academic institutions (17%) and government organizations (4%) making up the remaining segments. From 2007–2017 the number of entomological patents increased by 400%, with the largest number being from China. However, unlike patents from Europe, Japan or the US, which target a range of countries, the Chinese patents almost exclusively focus on China. Among the array of subjects covered are transgenic insects and plants, repellents, recombinant insect cells, with the highest proportion of patents focused on insecticides (39%), followed by insecticide mixtures (27%) and formulations (21%). The top 30 patent assignees included companies/institutions from China (18), Europe (3), Japan (6) and the US (3). Among the top 12 entities, IP from the US assignees was distributed across insecticides, mixtures and insecticidal traits while those from China were more focused on mixtures. However, given expanding IP numbers from China it is expected that in the future there will be a greater impact on new insecticides and related technologies. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
High first‐hyperpolarizabilities of thiobarbituric acid derivative‐based donor‐π‐acceptor nonlinear optical‐phores: Multiple theoretical investigations of substituents and conjugated bridges effect
Authors: Liu Yidan , Yuan Yizhong , Tian Xiaohui , Yuan Jianyong , Sun Jinyu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA number of compounds including thiobarbituric acid derivative‐based acceptor unit and diverse donor moieties along with two types of π‐conjugated bridges have been constructed to aid in the design of the superior nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. The effect of varying the donor and bridge parts of this donor‐bridge‐acceptor system was analyzed in terms of structural and opto‐electronic parameters such as bond length alternation and ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectra. Various functionals with aug‐cc‐pVDZ basis set including B3LYP, PBE0, PBE38, BMK, CAM‐B3LYP, and ωB97XD were employed to calculate the static and dynamic first‐hyperpolarizabilities, and also the linear polarizabilities. Furthermore, the variation of the static first‐hyperpolarizabilities has been explained satisfactorily in the light of the sum‐over‐states method and two‐level model. The comprehensive study indicates that the coplanar compound D‐5 with the low electronic absorption energy, strongest oscillator strength paired with the largest ground, and excited state dipole moment difference generates a dramatical increase in its static and dynamic first‐hyperpolarizabilities, which would be the most worthwhile target for development as the NLO‐phores.
Newton-Hooke/Carrollian expansions of (A)dS and Chern-Simons gravity
Authors: Gomis Joaquim , Kleinschmidt Axel , Palmkvist Jakob , Salgado-Rebolledo Patricio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We construct finite- and infinite-dimensional non-relativistic extensions of the Newton-Hooke and Carroll (A)dS algebras using the algebra expansion method, starting from the (anti-)de Sitter relativistic algebra in D dimensions. These algebras are also shown to be embedded in different affine Kac-Moody algebras. In the three-dimensional case, we construct Chern-Simons actions invariant under these symmetries. This leads to a sequence of non-relativistic gravity theories, where the simplest examples correspond to extended Newton-Hooke and extended (post-)Newtonian gravity together with their Carrollian counterparts.
Entanglement wedge cross section from CFT: dynamics of local operator quench
Authors: Kusuki Yuya , Tamaoka Kotaro 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We derive dynamics of the entanglement wedge cross section from the reflected entropy for local operator quench states in the holographic CFT. By comparing between the reflected entropy and the mutual information in this dynamical setup, we argue that (1) the reflected entropy can diagnose a new perspective of the chaotic nature for given mixed states and (2) it can also characterize classical correlations in the subregion/subregion duality. Moreover, we point out that we must improve the bulk interpretation of a heavy state even in the case of well-studied entanglement entropy. Finally, we show that we can derive the same results from the odd entanglement entropy. The present paper is an extended version of our earlier report arXiv:1907.06646 and includes many new results: non-perturbative quantum correction to the reflected/odd entropy, detailed analysis in both CFT and bulk sides, many technical aspects of replica trick for reflected entropy which turn out to be important for general setup, and explicit forms of multi-point semi- classical conformal blocks under consideration.
Quantum Critical Higgs: from AdS5 to colliders
Authors: Shirazi Ali Shayegan , Terning John 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe examine distinctive signatures of Quantum Critical Higgs models at the LHC and future higher energy colliders. In these models the Higgs boson is part of a conformal sector that is softly broken at a threshold scale, and generically the scaling dimension of the Higgs is larger than in the Standard Model. In particular we examine thegg→H→ZZ,gg→H→γγ, andgg→Z→H Zchannels to see how the cross sections deviate from the Standard Model in the high invariant mass region. In order to perform the calculations we use 5D duals of Quantum Critical Higgs models using the AdS/CFT correspondence, with a soft wall to break the conformal symmetry.