bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MHD Double‐diffusive thermosolutal Marangoni convection non‐Newtonian Casson fluid flow over a permeable stretchable sheet
Authors: Mahanta Ganeswar , Das Mrutyunjay , Shaw Sachin , Mahala Biranchi Kumar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the present paper, we have discussed the thermosolutal Marangoni force acting on the electrically conducting Casson fluid flow over a permeable horizontal stretching surface. It is presumed that the condition at the interfaces is influenced by the surface tension, which is proportional to the temperature and concentration profiles. At the interface, both concentration and temperature are heated in such a way that they are quadratic functions in Furthermore, we have introduced the magnetic field in the transverse direction of the fluid flow along with heat generation/absorption, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, and first‐order chemical effect with heat and mass flux into the present system. Similarity transformations have been used to convert the system of the nonlinear partial differential equations into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The reduced ODEs are then solved using the MATLAB program bvp4c, which is based on the fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta and shooting method. The impact of various pertinent flow parameters on the flow field, temperature, and species concentration has been studied through graphs. To know the characteristics of shear stress, heat and mass rate near the boundary, numerical values of them are also calculated and given in the tabular form. The results show that the momentum boundary layer's thickness is getting thicker with an increase in solutal surface tension ratio, while its opposite trends have been observed in the thermal boundary layer region, this is due to the Marangoni effect. This Marangoni effect is very much important in the field of melting metals, crystal growth, welding, and electron beam.
Restored interlaced volumetric imaging increases image quality and scanning speed during intravital imaging in living mice
Authors: Sogabe Maina , Ohzeki Masayuki , Fujimoto Koji , Sehara‐Fujisawa Atsuko , Nishimura Satoshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDynamic intravital imaging is essential for revealing ongoing biological phenomena within living organisms and is influenced primarily by several factors: motion artifacts, optical properties and spatial resolution. Conventional imaging quality within a volume, however, is degraded by involuntary movements and trades off between the imaged volume, imaging speed and quality. To balance such trade‐offs incurred by two‐photon excitation microscopy during intravital imaging, we developed a unique combination of interlaced scanning and a simple image restoration algorithm based on biological signal sparsity and a graph Laplacian matrix. This method increases the scanning speed by a factor of four for a field size of 212 μm × 106 μm × 130 μm, and significantly improves the quality of four‐dimensional dynamic volumetric data by preventing irregular artifacts due to the movement observed with conventional methods. Our data suggest this method is robust enough to be applied to multiple types of soft tissue.
Glucocorticoids Disrupt Skeletal Angiogenesis Through Transrepression of NF-κB–Mediated Preosteoclast Pdgfb Transcription in Young Mice
Authors: Peng Yi , Lv Shan , Li Yusheng , Zhu Jianxi , Chen Shijie , Zhen Gehua , Cao Xu , Wu Song , Crane Janet L. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
In the growing skeleton, angiogenesis is intimately coupled with osteogenesis. Chronic, high doses of glucocorticoids (GCs) are associated with decreased bone vasculature and induce osteoporosis and growth failure. The mechanism of GC-suppression of angiogenesis and relationship to osteoporosis and growth retardation remains largely unknown. Type H vessels, which are regulated by preosteoclast (POC) platelet-derived growth factor–BB (PDGF-BB), are specifically coupled with bone formation and development. We determined the effect of GCs on POC synthesis of PDGF-BB in relation to type H vessel formation, bone mass, and bone growth in the distal femur of 2-week-old young mice receiving prednisolone or vehicle for 2, 4, or 6 weeks. After 2 weeks of prednisolone, the number of POCs were unchanged while POC synthesis of PDGF-BB was reduced. Longer treatment with prednisolone reduced POCs numbers and PDGF-BB. These changes were associated with a reduction in type H vessels, bone formation rate, bone mass, and bone length at each time point. In vitro, excessive concentrations of prednisolone (10−6M) resulted in decreased PDGF-BB concentration and POC numbers. Conditioned medium from POC cultures treated with control concentration of prednisolone (10−7M) or recombinant PDGF-BB stimulated endothelial tube formation, whereas conditioned medium from control concentration of prednisolone-treated POC cultures neutralized by PDGF-BB antibody or excessive prednisolone inhibited endothelial tube formation. Administration of excessive prednisolone attenuated the P65 subunit of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) binding to the Pdgfb promoter, resulting in lower Pdgfb transcription. Co-treatment with excessive prednisolone and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist (RU486), GR siRNA, or TNFα rescued NF-κB binding to the Pdgfb promoter and endothelial tube formation. These results indicate that PDGF-BB synthesis in POCs is suppressed by GCs through transrepression of GR/NF-κB, thus inhibiting type H vessel formation and associated osteoporosis and growth failure. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Plasma miR‐125a and miR‐125b in sepsis: Correlation with disease risk, inflammation, severity, and prognosis
Authors: Zhao Danna , Li Shilei , Cui Jie , Wang Lizeng , Ma Xiaohua , Li Yong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the predictive value of microRNA (miR)‐125a and miR‐125b for sepsis risk, and their correlations with inflammation, disease severity, and 28‐day mortality in sepsis patients.MethodsTotally, 150 sepsis patients and 150 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Plasma samples were separated from blood samples obtained from sepsis patients and HCs to detect miR‐125a and miR‐125b expressions by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Besides, the 28‐day mortality of sepsis patients was assessed. MiR‐125a and miR‐125b expressions were elevated in sepsis patients compared with HCs, and further receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis displayed that miR‐125a (area under the curve (AUC): 0.749, 95% CI: 0.695‐0.803) and miR‐125b (AUC: 0.839, 95% CI: 0.795‐0.882) could predict sepsis risk. As for inflammation, no correlation of miR‐125a with C‐reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐17, and IL‐23 was observed in sepsis patients, while miR‐125b was positively associated with CRP, TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐17, and IL‐23. Regarding disease severity, miR‐125a and miR‐125b were positively correlated with acute physiology and chronic health care evaluation II and sequential organ failure assessment score in sepsis patients. Besides, ROC curve analysis exhibited that miR‐125a failed to predict 28‐day mortality risk (AUC: 0.588, 95% CI: 0.491‐0.685) in sepsis patients, while miR‐125b had a potential value in predicting elevated 28‐day mortality risk (AUC: 0.699, 95% CI: 0.603‐0.795).ConclusionBoth miR‐125a and miR‐125b predict sepsis risk, while only miR‐125b exhibits the potency for disease management and prognosis prediction in sepsis patients.
Soluble Tim3 detection by time‐resolved fluorescence immunoassay and its application in membranous nephropathy
Authors: Chen Ming , Wang Liang , Wang Yigang , Zhou Xiumei , Liu Xinyuan , Chen Hao , Huang Biao , Hu Zhigang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to develop a time‐resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) for detecting soluble T‐cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (sTim3) in serum samples and to demonstrate a preliminary application of this method in membranous nephropathy (MN).MethodssTim3 TRFIA was developed, and the sTim3 concentration in the serum of patients with MN and healthy individuals was detected using a sandwich method.ResultsThe sensitivity of the developed sTim3 TRFIA was 0.66 ng/mL, higher than that of an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (1.11 ng/mL). The detection range was 0.66‐40 ng/mL. The intra‐assay coefficient of variation (CV) for sTim3 was 1.64%‐4.68%, and the inter‐assay CV was 5.72%‐9.32%. The cross‐reactivity to interleukin 6 (IL‐6) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM‐1) was 0.25% and 0.04%, respectively. The average recovery was 105.26%. The sTim3 concentration in patients with MN was considerably higher than that in healthy individuals (P < .001). The sTim3 concentration in the serum of patients with MN was significantly increased from G1 to G4 based on the Jonckheere‐Terpstra test (P < .001). Thus, we used sTim3 as a diagnostic indicator for distinguishing between healthy individuals and patients with MN as well as between different stages of MN.ConclusionWe successfully established TRFIA to detect sTim3 in serum. We then applied this method to patients with MN, demonstrating for the first time that TRFIA is a valid diagnostic tool to detect sTim3 in serum.
An examination of help‐seeking preferences via best–worst scaling
Authors: Lannin Daniel G. , Barrowclough Michael , Vogel David L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study utilized best–worst scaling and latent class analysis to assess mental health treatment preferences and identify subgroups of college student help seekers.MethodCollege students (N = 504; age: M = 20.3, 79.2% female) completed assessments of mental health treatment preferences, self‐stigma, and distress.ResultsStudents preferred utilizing friends and family, followed by professional mental health providers, self‐help, keeping concerns to themselves, physicians, and lastly religious leaders. Latent class analyses identified four classes of respondents.ConclusionsSubgroups of student help seekers include Formal Help Seekers who prefer professional mental health providers, Informal Help Seekers who prefer friends and family, Ambivalent Help Seekers who prefer family and friends but also keeping concerns to themselves, and Help Avoiders who prefer keeping concerns to themselves. Assessing treatment preferences among different student subgroups may constitute an initial step in identifying effective ways to address university‐wide mental health concerns.
Dual‐functionalized protic ionic liquids for efficient absorption of NH3 through synergistically physicochemical interaction
Authors: Yuan Lei , Zhang Xiangping , Ren Baozeng , Yang Yingliang , Bai Yinge , Bai Lu , Gao Hongshuai , Zeng Shaojuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIonic liquids have become promising media for the treatment of tail gases containing ammonia (NH3), which causes serious environmental problems and threatens human health.RESULTSIn this work, four dual‐functionalized protic ionic liquids (DPILs) [CnOHim]X (n = 1, 2; X = [NTf2]−, [BF4]−, [SCN]−) with both weak acidity proton and hydroxyl group were designed and synthesized for enhanced NH3 separation. Among them, the maximum NH3 molar solubility of 3.11 mol NH3 mol–1 IL was achieved in [EtOHim][NTf2] at 40 °C and atmospheric pressure, and the highest mass solubility of NH3 could be 0.221 g NH3 g–1 IL in [EtOHim][SCN]; this is the highest value of any absorbent ever reported under the same conditions. Not only superior NH3 solubility, along with excellent selectivity of NH3/CO2 (65) and NH3/N2 (104), but also outstanding recyclability was exhibited in DPILs.CONCLUSIONSThe highly efficient performance of NH3 absorption by DPILs was ascribed to the synergistically physicochemical interaction between weak acidity proton, hydroxyl group and NH3, which was confirmed through both spectrum analysis and quantum chemical calculations. This work implied that DPILs have great potentials in NH3 separation and recovery of NH3‐containing tail gases. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermochemical evaluation of oxygen transport membranes under oxy‐combustion conditions in a pilot‐scale facility
Authors: Portillo Esmeralda , Cano Mercedes , Gallego Fernández L Marina , Vega Fernando , Navarrete Benito , Reina Tomás R 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDControl of greenhouse gas emissions has become one of the most important challenges faced by humanity. Among the various approaches to mitigating CO2 emissions, carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered one of the most promising clean coal options for the future because it can be implemented in the short and medium terms at the industrial scale. Among CCS techniques, oxy‐combustion offers advantages in using pure oxygen (O2) as a comburent, where in a flue gas composed mainly of CO2 and water vapor is generated. Cryogenic air separation is the only available technology that can provide the required amount of O2, but this process requires large amounts of energy and is costly, which make its large‐scales implementation difficult.RESULTSIn this framework, oxygen transport membranes are being researched as an O2 supplier unit because they offer advantages from a techno‐economic view point. In the present work, the thermochemical stabilities of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 and Cobalt‐doped Ce0.9Gd0.1O were evaluated to obtain information on their behavior in oxy‐combustion atmospheres. Experiments were performed in a circulating fluidized bed boiler of a pilot plant using an experimental sampling train. Samples of the two materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis.CONCLUSIONSThe results revealed that both materials were susceptible to the presence of species that originated from flue gas, materials comprising the boiler and ducts, and coal ash, and that the CGO_Co material showed better performance than the other studied material. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Differences in HIV cure clinical trial preferences of French people living with HIV and physicians in the ANRS‐APSEC study: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Protiere Christel , Arnold Michael , Fiorentino Marion , Fressard Lisa , Lelièvre Jean D , Mimi Mohamed , Raffi François , Mora Marion , Meyer Laurence , Sagaon‐Teyssier Luis , Zucman David , Préau Marie , Lambotte Olivier , Spire Bruno , Suzan‐Monti Marie ,   the APSEC Study Group
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionDespite the advent of HIV cure‐related clinical trials (HCRCT) for people living with HIV (PLWH), the risks and uncertainty involved raise ethical issues. Although research has provided insights into the levers and barriers to PLWH and physicians' participation in these trials, no information exists about stakeholders' preferences for HCRCT attributes, about the different ways PLWH and physicians value future HCRCT, or about how personal characteristics affect these preferences. The results from the present study will inform researchers' decisions about the most suitable HCRCT strategies to implement, and help them ensure ethical recruitment and well‐designed informed consent.MethodsBetween October 2016 and March 2017, a discrete choice experiment was conducted among 195 virally controlled PLWH and 160 physicians from 24 French HIV centres. Profiles within each group, based on individual characteristics, were obtained using hierarchical clustering. Trade‐offs between five HCRCT attributes (trial duration, consultation frequency, moderate (digestive disorders, flu‐type syndrome, fatigue) and severe (allergy, infections, risk of cancer) side effects (SE), outcomes) and utilities associated with four HCRCT candidates (latency reactivation, immunotherapy, gene therapy and a combination of latency reactivation and immunotherapy), were estimated using a mixed logit model.ResultsApart from severe SE – the most decisive attribute in both groups – PLWH and physicians made different trade‐offs between HCRCT attributes, the latter being more concerned about outcomes, the former about the burden of participation (consultation frequency and moderate SE). These different trades‐offs resulted in differences in preferences regarding the four candidate HCRCT. PLWH significantly preferred immunotherapy, whereas physicians preferred immunotherapy and combined therapy. Despite the heterogeneity of characteristics within the PLWH and physician profiles, results show some homogeneity in trade‐offs and utilities regarding HCRCT.ConclusionsSevere SE, not outcomes, was the most decisive attribute determining future HCRCT participation. Particular attention should be paid to providing clear information, in particular on severe SE, to potential participants. Immunotherapy would appear to be the best HCRCT candidate for both PLWH and physicians. However, if the risk of cancer could be avoided, gene therapy would become the preferred strategy for the latter and the second choice for the former.
Spinal cord atrophy as a measure of severity of myelopathy in adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: van de Stadt Stephanie I. W. , van Ballegoij Wouter J. C. , Labounek René , Huffnagel Irene C. , Kemp Stephan , Nestrasil Igor , Engelen Marc 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAll men and most women with X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) develop myelopathy in adulthood. As clinical trials with new potential disease‐modifying therapies are emerging, sensitive outcome measures for quantifying myelopathy are needed. This prospective cohort study evaluated spinal cord size (cross‐sectional area ‐ CSA) and shape (eccentricity) as potential new quantitative outcome measures for myelopathy in ALD. Seventy‐four baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, acquired in 42 male ALD patients and 32 age‐matched healthy controls, and 26 follow‐up scans of ALD patients were included in the study. We used routine T1‐weighted MRI sequences to measure mean CSA, eccentricity, right‐left and anteroposterior diameters in the cervical spinal cord. We compared MRI measurements between groups and correlated CSA with clinical outcome measures of disease severity. Longitudinally, we compared MRI measurements between baseline and 1‐year follow‐up. CSA was significantly smaller in patients compared to controls on all measured spinal cord levels (P < .001). The difference was completely explained by the effect of the symptomatic subgroup. Furthermore, the spinal cord showed flattening (higher eccentricity and smaller anteroposterior diameters) in patients. CSA correlated strongly with all clinical measures of severity of myelopathy. There was no detectable change in CSA after 1‐year follow‐up. The cervical spinal cord in symptomatic ALD patients is smaller and flattened compared to controls, possibly due to atrophy of the dorsal columns. CSA is a reliable marker of disease severity and can be a valuable outcome measure in long‐term follow‐up studies in ALD.SynopsisA prospective cohort study in 42 adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) patients and 32 controls demonstrated that the spinal cord cross‐sectional area of patients is smaller compared to healthy controls and correlates with severity of myelopathy in patients, hence it could be valuable as a much needed surrogate outcome measure.
Peri‐implant mucositis sites with suppuration have higher microbial risk than sites without suppuration
Authors: Wang Qi , Lu Hongye , Zhang Li , Yan Xia , Zhu Bin , Meng Huanxin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of the present study were to compare the microbial differences between peri‐implant mucositis sites with or without suppuration, and to construct a classification model with microbiota.MethodsTwenty‐four implants with peri‐implant mucositis were divided into suppuration (SUP) group and non‐suppuration (Non‐SUP) group. Clinical assessments of bleeding index, probing depth, suppuration following probing (SUP) were recorded. Submucosal samples were collected from mesiobuccal sites and distobuccal sites, and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Generalized linear mixed model was used to adjust age, gender, location of implants, and intraindividual correlation.ResultsIt was demonstrated that the microbial richness was lower in SUP group. The relative abundance of some pathogenic taxa, such as genera ofFusobacterium,Tannerella, andPeptostreptococcus, were significantly higher in SUP group than Non‐SUP group. In addition, SUP group had less Gram‐positive bacteria, aerobic bacteria, and more metabolic pathway related to life activity. The classification model constructed with 12 genera got a 100% accuracy in identifying sites with or without suppuration.ConclusionsThe results from this study demonstrate a higher pathogenicity of microbiome at peri‐implant mucositis sites with suppuration than without suppuration, which supports suppuration as a clinical indicator for higher microbial risk.
Profiling of carbohydrates in commercial beers and their influence on beer quality
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Du Jinhua , Zhang Kaili 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe carbohydrates in beer play an important role as they are essential for fermentation. Any change in their composition may influence the sensory characteristics of the beer and so their determination is of great interest. This study compares the carbohydrates in three types of commercial beer – barley malt beer, wheat beer, and barley malt beer with adjuncts – and examines their influence on beer quality, which is important for selecting raw ingredients and production conditions, and for quality control.RESULTSAmong the oligosaccharides in three types of beer, raffinose was the most, followed by maltotetraose, maltotriose and maltose. Monosaccharides were only present in small amounts. Dextrin, oligosaccharides with 2–6 polymerization degree and non‐starch polysaccharides (NSP) make up 15.90–34.83%, 17.59–38.63%, and 2.33–7.47% of the total carbohydrates in beer, respectively. The dextrin content and NSP content were significantly (P < 0.05) different in wheat beer and barley malt beer, and their content was significantly (P < 0.01) correlated with the content of extracts in beer. Non‐starch polysaccharide, dextrin, trisaccharide, and tetrasaccharide content significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with beer viscosity. These beer samples could be categorized clearly into three groups by principal component analysis.CONCLUSIONThe oligosaccharides in beer reflect yeast utilization, depending on the type of beer. Dextrin, oligosaccharides with 2–4 polymerization, and NSP, were major carbohydrates in beer. Their composition and concentration influenced its characteristics and quality, and played an important role in the discrimination of different beer types. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
No association between dietary acrylamide and renal cell carcinoma: an updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Jiang Feng , Teng Min , Zhu Yan‐Xin , Li Yong‐Jie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe relationship between dietary acrylamide intake and renal cell carcinoma risk is inconclusive. In consideration of the recent findings, we conducted an updated meta‐analysis to assess the association between acrylamide intake and renal cell carcinoma risk.RESULTSPubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases have been used to identify epidemiological studies on dietary acrylamide intake and renal cell carcinoma risk. This meta‐analysis study included eight studies, 2843 cases, and 309 920 controls/participants. We performed meta‐analyses to calculate the summary relative risk (RR) for the highest versus lowest intake of dietary acrylamide. No meaningful association was found for renal cell carcinoma; RR was 1.12 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97–1.28). Among participants who never smoked, no association was found between dietary acrylamide and renal cell carcinoma; the RR for highest versus lowest intake of dietary acrylamide was 1.11 (95% CI: 0.93–1.32).CONCLUSIONThis meta‐analysis study indicates that dietary acrylamide is not related to the risk of renal cell carcinoma. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry