bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time‐weighted lactate as a predictor of adverse outcome in acute heart failure
Authors: Bosso Giorgio , Mercurio Valentina , Diab Nermin , Pagano Antonio , Porta Giovanni , Allegorico Enrico , Serra Claudia , Guiotto Giovanna , Numis Fabio Giuliano , Tocchetti Carlo Gabriele , Schiraldi Fernando 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsThe role of dynamic changes in lactate concentrations on prognosis in acute heart failure has been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of 24 h time‐weighted lactate (LACTW) in patients with acute heart failure.Methods and resultsNinety‐six consecutive acute heart failure patients presenting to the Emergency Department of San Paolo Hospital, Naples, Italy, were prospectively enrolled. Arterial blood lactate was measured at admission and during the following 24 h at random time intervals. LACTW was obtained by the sum of the average lactate values among consecutive time points multiplied by the intervals between consecutive time points and dividing the sum by the total time (24 h). The outcome was a composite of need of admission to the intensive care unit, hospitalization duration >7 days, or intra‐hospital death. Admission lactate, maximum measured lactate, and LACTW were collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to determine the hazard ratio (HR) of developing the outcome. Forty‐three patients experienced the pre‐specified outcome. In sex‐adjusted and age‐adjusted multivariable analysis, LACTW predicted the outcome occurrence (HR: 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.24, 1.84, P < 0.001). Risk stratification analysis based on LACTW tertiles demonstrated a gradual increase in risk of developing the outcome (HR: 17.32, 95% confidence interval: 2.30, 130.23, P = 0.006) for the highest LACTW tertile.ConclusionsIn acute heart failure patients, 24 h LACTW had a significant independent predictive value for adverse intra‐hospital outcome. LACTW could be a useful index at identifying high‐risk patients who may require a more aggressive treatment during hospitalization.
Glyphosate Accelerates the Proliferation of Microcystis aeruginosa, a Dominant Species in Cyanobacterial Blooms
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Jiang Ming , Sheng Yanqing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Glyphosate is a commonly used herbicide known for its high performance in killing certain plants and grasses; however, its use is regulated due to its harmful effects on the aquatic environment. The present study investigated and compared the toxic mechanisms of glyphosate on Microcystis aeruginosa (a toxin-producing cyanobacterium) under 2 conditions: 0‰ saline media (experiment I) and 2.5‰ saline media (experiment II). The results indicated that an appropriate concentration of glyphosate provided a phosphate source for M. aeruginosa, resulting in an increased specific growth rate in both experimental groups compared with the controls. Glyphosate-enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increased by up to 1.37-fold in experiment I and 1.68-fold in experiment II. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased at glyphosate concentrations below 1.2 mg L–1 but increased at concentrations greater than 1.2 mg L–1 in experiment I, whereas SOD and CAT activities decreased in experiment II and declined by 64 and 49% in the 30 mg L−1 treatments. Furthermore, the transcript abundances of the pyruvate carboxylase (pcB), microcystin synthetase B (mcyB), and paired-like homeobox (phoX) genes were up-regulated by up to 6.92-, 3.63-, and 2.27-fold in experiment I and 6.74-, 6.55-, and 4.86-fold in experiment II after 96 h of incubation. The addition of glyphosate stimulated the production of dissolved organic matter including tryptophan-like substances, fulvic acid-like substances, (marine) humic acid-like substances, and microcystin–leucine-arginine in the culture. In conclusion, glyphosate stimulates the proliferation of M. aeruginosa and enhances the release of dissolved organic matter in saltwater ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:342–351. © 2020 SETAC
Abstract
Responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to glyphosate in the freshwater and saline water.
Enantioselective Bioaccumulation of the Chiral Insecticide Indoxacarb in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Li Yanhong , Liang Hongwu , Qiu Lihong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Indoxacarb is a typical chiral insecticide widely used in agricultural pest control. In the present study, zebrafish was used as a model animal to explore the enantioselective bioaccumulation behavior of indoxacarb to nontarget species in aquatic environments. Zebrafish were exposed to 0.025 and 0.1 mg/L rac-indoxacarb solution for 12 d under the semistatic method, and the bioconcentration factor (BCF) and enantiomeric fraction of zebrafish were investigated. The results showed that the (−)-R-indoxacarb preferentially accumulated in zebrafish. The BCF values at 0.025 mg/L exposure levels were 1079.8 and 83.4 L/kg for (−)-R-indoxacarb and (+)-S-indoxacarb after 12 d, respectively. The BCF values at 0.1 mg/L exposure levels were 1752.1 and 137.0 L/kg for (−)-R-indoxacarb and (+)-S-indoxacarb after 10 d, respectively. The half-life values of (−)-R-indoxacarb and (+)-S-indoxacarb were 3.47 and 2.05 d for 0.025 mg/L concentration exposure and 4.95 and 2.66 d for 0.1 mg/L concentration exposure, respectively. The enantiomeric fraction values were in the range of 0.48 to 0.55 and 0.89 to 1.00 for water and zebrafish samples, respectively. Studies on the enantioselective bioaccumulation behavior of indoxacarb will provide data for assessing the environmental fate and potential toxic effects of indoxacarb on aquatic organisms. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1007–1016. © 2020 SETAC
Abstract
The bioaccumulation of indoxacarb enantiomers in zebrafish was enantioselective with preferential accumulation of (−)-R-indoxacarb.
DNA Methylation Profiling of Human Hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Hernandez‐Meza Gabriela , von Felden Johann , Gonzalez‐Kozlova Edgar E. , Garcia‐Lezana Teresa , Peix Judit , Portela Anna , Craig Amanda J. , Sayols Sergi , Schwartz Myron , Losic Bojan , Mazzaferro Vincenzo , Esteller Manel , Llovet Josep M. , Villanueva Augusto 
Published: November 2020

Background and Aims
Mutations in TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) promoter are established gatekeepers in early hepatocarcinogenesis, but little is known about other molecular alterations driving this process. Epigenetic deregulation is a critical event in early malignancies. Thus, we aimed to (1) analyze DNA methylation changes during the transition from preneoplastic lesions to early HCC (eHCC) and identify candidate epigenetic gatekeepers, and to (2) assess the prognostic potential of methylation changes in cirrhotic tissue.

Approach and Results
Methylome profiling was performed using Illumina HumanMethylation450 (485,000 cytosine‐phosphateguanine, 96% of known cytosine‐phosphateguanine islands), with data available for a total of 390 samples: 16 healthy liver, 139 cirrhotic tissue, 8 dysplastic nodules, and 227 HCC samples, including 40 eHCC below 2cm. A phylo‐epigenetic tree derived from the Euclidean distances between differentially DNA‐methylated sites (n = 421,997) revealed a gradient of methylation changes spanning healthy liver, cirrhotic tissue, dysplastic nodules, and HCC with closest proximity of dysplasia to HCC. Focusing on promoter regions, we identified epigenetic gatekeeper candidates with an increasing proportion of hypermethylated samples (beta value > 0.5) from cirrhotic tissue (<1%), to dysplastic nodules (≥25%), to eHCC (≥50%), and confirmed inverse correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression for TSPYL5 (testis‐specific Y‐encoded‐like protein 5), KCNA3 (potassium voltage‐gated channel, shaker‐related subfamily, member 3), LDHB (lactate dehydrogenase B), and SPINT2 (serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 2) (all P < 0.001). Unsupervised clustering of genome‐wide methylation profiles of cirrhotic tissue identified two clusters, M1 and M2, with 42% and 58% of patients, respectively, which correlates with survival (P < 0.05), independent of etiology.

Conclusions
Genome‐wide DNA‐methylation profiles accurately discriminate the different histological stages of human hepatocarcinogenesis. We report on epigenetic gatekeepers in the transition between dysplastic nodules and eHCC. DNA‐methylation changes in cirrhotic tissue correlate with clinical outcomes.
Tumor‐associated macrophage‐targeted therapeutics in ovarian cancer
Authors: An Yuanyuan , Yang Qing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOvarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. The tumor microenvironment plays an important role in regulating the progression of ovarian cancer. Macrophages, which are important immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, participate in the regulation of various biological behaviors and influence the prognosis of ovarian cancer. A large number of studies have targeted macrophages for the treatment of ovarian cancer. In addition, macrophages also play a regulatory role by interacting with other immune cells, including T cells and mesothelial cells, in the ovarian cancer microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the progress made in macrophage‐targeted therapy for ovarian cancer. Although there are still several challenges in using this treatment, targeted macrophage therapy is still a promising treatment for ovarian cancer.
Determinants of investor satisfaction with e‐commerce platforms and traded products in student housing development in Ghana
Authors: Attakora‐Amaniampong Elvis , Miller Appau Williams , Aziabah Samson Akanvose 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGlobalization and its attendant expansion of businesses continue to create opportunities for the use of e‐commerce. E‐commerce is noted for contributing to cost reduction, capital expansion, efficiency and high client satisfaction in businesses. Unfortunately, there is dissatisfaction among investors in student housing with the application of e‐commerce in Ghana. This study examined the key factors influencing satisfaction among investors in student housing with e‐commerce platforms and traded products in Ghana. A concurrent mixed design based on survey and interviews, as well as an Exploratory Factor and thematic analyses of data were used. Whereas security and interface features were key factors influencing investors' satisfaction with e‐commerce platforms, product availability and quality of packaging were key factors influencing investors' satisfaction with traded products. It would be worthwhile for website designers to consider these factors in designing websites. Also, by considering these factors, suppliers can increase their revenues. Furthermore, the results of this exploratory factor analysis means that further confirmatory studies may be conducted to validate the findings.
Core features of callous–unemotional traits: Network analysis of the inventory of callous–unemotional traits in offender and community samples
Authors: Deng Jiaxin , Wang Meng‐Cheng , Shou Yiyun , Gao Yu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveCallous‐unemotional (CU) traits have been added as a specifier labeled with “Limited Prosocial Emotion” used to diagnose conduct disorder in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. However, little is known about the core features of CU traits. Thus, this study aimed to identify the most central component of CU traits from a network perspective.MethodNetwork analysis was applied to investigate the network structure of CU traits operationalized by the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits in a sample of juvenile offenders (Mage = 17.14, N = 609) and community youths (Mage = 10.82, N = 487).ResultsOur findings showed that items assessing callousness are the most central in the network across both samples. Also, the unemotional items were found to be located at a peripheral position, with fewer links apparent to callousness and uncaring items.ConclusionsCallousness might be the key feature of CU traits in youths. Our findings further advance the general understanding about the core features of CU traits in clinical practice.
Copper‐nanostructure‐modified laser‐scribed electrodes based on graphitic carbon for electrochemical detection of dopamine and glucose
Authors: Juska Vuslat B , Juska Gediminas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCarbon‐based nanostructures have been attracting major interest in many research fields, including chemical and biological sensing, because of their unique structural dimensions and excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties. A recently developed laser scribing approach allows design and fabrication of flexible, graphitic carbon‐based substrates for (bio‐)electrochemical applications, as it provides highly robust and low‐cost sensing platforms.RESULTSHere we demonstrate the fabrication of a highly reproducible laser‐scribed graphitic electrode (LSE) on a polyimide (Kapton) film using a simple, do‐it‐yourself laser engraving system equipped with a 405 nm wavelength laser. Copper nanostructures were deposited onto an electrode surface via the electrodeposition process. The developed three‐dimensional graphitic electrodes modified by nano copper/copper oxide species (LSE‐Cu) were used for the detection of dopamine and glucose. Electrochemical studies of LSE‐Cu showed that in the presence of nano‐copper there is an apparent shift of the oxidation peaks of dopamine and ascorbic acid, allowing determination of dopamine without an interference effect, with an excellent sensitivity of 1321.54 μA L mmol−1 cm−2. Furthermore, the LSE‐Cu sensor exhibited highly satisfying analytical performance towards glucose electro‐oxidation, with a reproducibility of 5.47% (RSD %).CONCLUSIONWe have demonstrated a simple design, fabrication and passivation route for the preparation of LSEs performing as biosensors. Such a cost‐effective and design‐flexible system is highly suitable for developing a biosensing platform towards various target analytes and further miniaturization of the electrode. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Towards Gallai's path decomposition conjecture
Authors: Botler Fábio , Sambinelli Maycon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA path decomposition of a graph is a collection of edge‐disjoint paths of that covers the edge set of . Gallai conjectured that every connected graph on vertices admits a path decomposition of cardinality at most . Seminal results toward its verification consider the graph obtained from by removing its vertices of odd degree, which is called the E‐subgraph of . Lovász verified Gallai's Conjecture for graphs whose E‐subgraphs consist of at most one vertex, and Pyber verified it for graphs whose E‐subgraphs are forests. In 2005, Fan verified Gallai's Conjecture for graphs in which each block, that is, each maximal 2‐connected subgraph, of their E‐subgraph is triangle‐free and has maximum degree at most 3. Let be the family of graphs for which (a) each block has maximum degree at most ; and (b) each component either has maximum degree at most 3 or has at most one block that contains triangles. In this paper, we generalize Fan's result by verifying Gallai's Conjecture for graphs whose E‐subgraphs are subgraphs of graphs in . This allows the components of the E‐subgraphs to contain any number of blocks with triangles as long as they are subgraphs of graphs in .
From2Dto4DPhase‐ContrastMRIin the Neurovascular System: Will It Be a Quantum Jump or a Fancy Decoration?
Authors: Youn Sung Won , Lee Jongmin 
Published: November 2020

Considering the crosstalk between the flow and vessel wall, hemodynamic assessment of the neurovascular system may offer a well‐integrated solution for both diagnosis and management by adding prognostic significance to the standard CT/MR angiography. 4D flow MRI or time‐resolved 3D velocity‐encoded phase‐contrast MRI has long been promising for the hemodynamic evaluation of the great vessels, but challenged in clinical studies for assessing intracranial vessels with small diameter due to long scan times and low spatiotemporal resolution. Current accelerated MRI techniques, including parallel imaging with compressed sensing and radialk‐space undersampling acquisitions, have decreased scan times dramatically while preserving spatial resolution. 4D flow MRI visualized and measured 3D complex flow of neurovascular diseases such as aneurysm, arteriovenous shunts, and atherosclerotic stenosis using parameters including flow volume, velocity vector, pressure gradients, and wall shear stress. In addition to the noninvasiveness of the phase contrast technique and retrospective flow measurement through the wanted windows of the analysis plane, 4D flow MRI has shown several advantages over Doppler ultrasound or computational fluid dynamics. The evaluation of the flow status and vessel wall can be performed simultaneously in the same imaging modality. This article is an overview of the recent advances in neurovascular 4D flow MRI techniques and their potential clinical applications in neurovascular disease.Level of Evidence5Technical Efficacy Stage3
Suitability of two rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic assays for predicting SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing activity of sera
Authors: Valdivia Arantxa , Torres Ignacio , Latorre Víctor , Francés‐Gómez Clara , Ferrer Josep , Forqué Lorena , Costa Rosa , de la Asunción Carlos Solano , Huntley Dixie , Gozalbo‐Rovira Roberto , Buesa Javier , Giménez Estela , Rodríguez‐Díaz Jesús , Geller Ron , Navarro David 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAssessment of commercial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) immunoassays for their capacity to provide reliable information on sera neutralizing activity is an emerging need. We evaluated the performance of two commercially available lateral flow immunochromatographic assays (LFIC; Wondfo SARS‐CoV‐2 Antibody test and the INNOVITA 2019‐nCoV Ab test) in comparison with a SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralization pseudotyped assay for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) diagnosis in hospitalized patients and investigate whether the intensity of the test band in LFIC associates with neutralizing antibody (NtAb) titers. Ninety sera were included from 51 patients with moderate to severe COVID‐19. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter‐based pseudotyped neutralization assay (vesicular stomatitis virus coated with SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein) was used. Test line intensity was scored using a 4‐level scale (0 to 3+). The overall sensitivity of LFIC assays was 91.1% for the Wondfo SARS‐CoV‐2 Antibody test, 72.2% for the INNOVITA 2019‐nCoV IgG, 85.6% for the INNOVITA 2019‐nCoV IgM, and 92.2% for the NtAb assay. Sensitivity increased for all assays in sera collected beyond day 14 after symptoms onset (93.9%, 79.6%, 93.9%, and 93.9%, respectively). Reactivities equal to or more intense than the positive control line (≥2+) in the Wondfo assay had a negative predictive value of 100% and a positive predictive value of 96.4% for high NtAb50 titers (≥1/160). Our findings support the use of LFIC assays evaluated herein, particularly the Wondfo test, for COVID‐19 diagnosis. We also find evidence that these rapid immunoassays can be used to predict high SARS‐CoV‐2‐S NtAb50 titers.
Effectiveness of thermal redistribution layer in cooling of 3D ICs
Authors: Wang Fengjuan , Li Yue , Yu Ningmei , Yang Yuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA cooling system composed of a thermal redistribution layer (TRDL) and a thermal through‐silicon via (TTSV) is proposed for three‐dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs). According to the Fourier heat flow analysis theory, the heat flow model of the proposed cooling system is established and verified by finite element analysis (FEA). It is shown that the maximum error between the heat flow model and FEA is 2.98%, and the maximum temperature of 3D ICs can be reduced by 4.43°C. The established horizontal heat dissipation channel can effectively solve the heat dissipation problem in 3D ICs.
Procedural justice enactment as an instrument of position protection: The three‐way interaction between leaders' power position stability, followers' warmth, and followers' competence
Authors: Zheng Michelle Xue , Schuh Sebastian C. , van Dijke Marius , De Cremer David 
Published: November 2020

SummaryStudies have started to examine factors that explain when and why leaders enact procedural justice. However, these studies have not considered the idea that justice enactment can be a self‐serving instrument for leaders. In this paper, we propose a threat‐based tripartite model of procedural justice enactment. Specifically, we examine how leaders in unstable (vs. stable) power positions combine information from the two fundamental dimensions of person perception—that is, their perceptions of a follower's competence and warmth—to shape the level of procedural justice they enact toward the follower. In support of our model, the results of a multisource organizational field study and a laboratory experiment show that leaders in unstable power positions enact procedural justice, particularly toward followers whom they perceive as highly competent but low in warmth. We discuss our findings in light of their implications for the justice and leadership literatures.
Short‐Bowel Syndrome: Epidemiology, Hospitalization Trends, In‐Hospital Mortality, and Healthcare Utilization
Authors: Siddiqui Mohamed Tausif , Al‐Yaman Wael , Singh Amandeep , Kirby Donald F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction : Short‐bowel syndrome (SBS) is a common cause of chronic intestinal failure and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, poor quality of life, and an increased burden on healthcare costs. Methods: We used the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2005 to 2014. We identified adult SBS hospitalizations by using a combination of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. We studied the demographics of the patients with SBS and analyzed the trends in the number of hospitalizations, in‐hospital mortality, and healthcare costs. We also identified the risk factors associated with in‐hospital mortality. Results: A total of 53,040 SBS hospitalizations were identified. We found that SBS‐related hospitalizations increased by 55% between 2005 (N = 4037) and 2014 (N = 6265). During this period, the in‐hospital mortality decreased from 40 per 1000 to 29 per 1000 hospitalizations, resulting in an overall reduction of 27%. Higher mortality was noted in SBS patients with sepsis (6.7%), liver dysfunction (6.2%), severe malnutrition (6.0%), and metastatic cancer (5.4%). The overall mean length of stay (LOS) for SBS‐related hospitalizations was 14.7 days, with a mean hospital cost of $34,130. We noted a steady decrease in the LOS, whereas the cost of care remained relatively stable. Conclusions: The national burden of SBS‐related hospitalizations continues to rise, and the mortality associated with SBS has substantially decreased. Older SBS patients with sepsis, liver dysfunction, severe malnutrition, and metastatic cancer had the highest risk of mortality. Healthcare utilization in SBS remains high.healthcare utilization; hospitalization trend; mortality; research and diseases; short‐bowel syndrome