bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Comparison between Samarium Doped Nickel Oxide and Samarium Added Nickel Oxide on Dielectric Properties
Authors: Wan Nor Azli Jasmi WND , Mohamed JJ , Sulaiman MA 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this research, the effect of Samarium Oxide (Sm) doped (mol%) NiO as a dopant and added (wt%) in NiO as ceramic composite were investigated. The comparison of both doped and added ceramic in their dielectric properties was studied. Both electroceramic Ni(1-x)SmxO and NiSmO3 were prepared by using a solid-state reaction method. Samarium was added with five different concentrations, which are 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.10 mol% for dopant and another five different concentrations which are 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt% for addition in NiO. The XRD results show that both ceramic doped and added samples did not change the NiO cubic structure. Besides, a high concentration of Sm3+ causes the lattice parameter of NiO to increase. The dielectric behavior was observed in a frequency range of 100 to 100 000 Hz. The optimum composition for Ni(1-x)SmxO and NiSmO3 was obtained at × = 0.01 mol% and 5.0 wt% sample with highest ε° (2.4 × 104 and 9.3 × 104) respectively but at the same time, they exhibit high dielectric loss (tan δ) with value 4.9 and 10.5 respectively.
Development and Characterization of Nanoemulgel Containing Piper betle Essential Oil as Active Ingredient
Authors: Ting Teo Chai , Amat Rahim Nor Fadiana , Che Zaudin Nurul Akmar , Abdullah Nor Hakimin , Mohamad Mardawani , Shoparwe Noor Fazliani , Mhd Ramle Sitti Fatimah , Aimi Zubaidah , Abdul Hamid Zubaidah Aimi , Yusof Abdul Hafidz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study aims to formulate and characterize a stable nanoemulgel containing Piper betle essential oil as the active ingredient for topical drug delivery. Nanoemulgel is a mixture of nanoemulsion and a gelling agent. Nanoemulsion was prepared by mixing the oil phase that containing soybean oil and Piper betle essential oil at different ratios, tween 80 as the surfactant and glycerol as the co-surfactant with the aqueous phase (distilled water). The essential oil of Piper betle was extracted by using a steam distillation method. The droplet size of nanoemulsion was in the range of 28 to 161 nm. The sizes were confirmed by dynamic light scattering method. Carbopol 940 was used as the gelling agent to increase the viscosity of the nanoemulsion and turn it into nanoemulgel. Nanoemulsion and nanoemulgel were characterised by using the Tyndall effect, spreadability test, and pH test. The pH of nanoemulgel with essential oil was in the range of 7 to 6, which is safe to be used on the skin. Nanoemulgel can be a suitable carrier for the active ingredient (essential oil) to be penetrated with ease into the skin because of its small droplets size. In conclusion, Piper betle nanoemulgel has shown great potential in helping the transdermal delivery.
Preliminary Study of the Potential Graphene Oxide as Radioactive Clinical Wastewater Adsorbability in Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Abdul Razab Mohammad Khairul Azhar , Manso Mohd Syahir , Noor An’amt Mohamed , Rozi Suhanis Mohd , Abd Latif Nur Fatin Fariha , Nizam Jaafar Khairul , Jamaludin Farakhdina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper reports the ability of graphene oxide (GO) as a radionuclide adsorbent material for an alternative approach in nuclear medicine radioactive waste management. Notable physicochemical properties of GO mainly consist of oxygen-containing functional groups on its basal plane and edges site in the form of epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups, making it a promising candidate for radionuclide extraction material from aqueous solution. Herein, GO was synthesised via a simplified Hummers method. The radioactive clinical waste, which is urine, was collected right after the scanning procedure and mixed with GO in various concentrations: 1 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, and 3 mg/ml. The mixture was then filtered using micropore filter paper, leaving sediments on the filter paper and wastewater residues. The radioactivity of sediment and water residue was determined by using a well counter after 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours of filtration process. The activities of the sediment and water residues were found to be decreased with increasing GO concentrations. The FESEM image revealed high agglomeration structure when the sample was treated with GO of 3 mg/ml concentration. Further analysis via EDX showed the presence of other elements in the urine, which led to its attraction to the GO-layered sheets. This analysis also confirmed the presence of oxygen-functioning group in GO that facilitated the agglomeration process and solidified the radionuclide waste.
Effect of ZnFe2O4 Filler Loading on the Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Epoxidised Natural Rubber 25 (ENR 25)
Authors: Sukri Suziey Syamimi , Sharifuddin Syifa’ Muhamad , Mat Nor Mohd Shukri , Mohd Pabl Fathin Asila , Mohamed Julie Juliewatty , Chueangchayaphan Wannarat , Sulaiman Muhammad Azwadi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, the effect of ZnFe2O4 loading on the morphology and mechanical properties of epoxidised natural rubber 25 (ENR 25) was intensively investigated. The composite densities were measured using a density meter. The morphological analyses were characterised by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties, including hardness, stress-strain behaviour, tensile strength, elongation at break, and tensile modulus were also investigated. The present rubber ferrite composite showed a particulate dispersion of ZnFe2O3 on its morphological surface. The composite also presented characteristic of high density (1.592 g/cm3), hardness (44.63 Shore A at 120 phr), high tensile strength (14.09 MPa at 80 phr), high elongation at break (648.79 %.at 120 phr), and high tensile modulus (100% modulus: 1.05% at 120 phr, 300% modulus: 1.93 MPa at 80 phr) compared to the ENR 25 without filler which is 1.006 g/cm3, 28.13 Shore A, 8.49 MPa, 615.18%, 0.65 (100% modulus) and 1.38 (300% modulus) respectively.
PALEONTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF MALAWA FORMATION, PADANGLAMPE, BARRU REGENCY, SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Husainy Siti Nurkhalidah , Sulaiman Nursufiah , Ismail Roniza , Sulaiman Noorzamzarina , Langkoke Rohaya , Farida Meutia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The study area is located at Padanglampe, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The objectives of this study are to identify the fossils occurrence and interpret the depositional environment together with age identification based on the fossils occurrence. There are four lithology units found in this study area; volcanic breccias, limestone, sandstone, and intrusion of andesite and trachyte unit. Most of the fossils are found in sandstones unit within the interbedded of limestone, coal, and claystone. The fossils had been soaked with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for a night to disaggregate fossils from rocks. Seven species found from the phylum mollusks, which are Cerithium salebrosum Sowerby, Cerithium tuberculatum, Cerithium zonatum, Oliva junghuhni, Vicarya sp., Septifer sp. and Ostrea sp., while two species from Cnidaria phylum; Cycloseris sp. and Discocyathus sp. Based on these fossils identification, the age of the study area was ranged from early Triassic to Middle Neogene, and the depositional environment of the study area was interpreted as a shallow subtidal environment with a restricted area of lacustrine or lagoon.
Determination of Microplastics in Sediment of Kelantan and Pattani Bay
Authors: Bitlus Mimi Lovianna Anak , Ismail Nur Arifah , Hajisamae Sukree , Subki Noor Syuhadah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the presence of microplastics in sediment of Kelantan and Pattani Bay. Sediment samples were collected from Sri Tujuh Beach, Tumpat and Talo Kapo Beach, Pattani Bay in between May and July 2019. Microplastics were isolated from sediment samples using wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) followed by density separation. Microplastics were sorted visually according to their shapes and colors after being examined under photographed microscope. A total of 52 pieces of microplastics were identified and the most abundant particle found in this study was threadlike shape. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to identify functional groups in the composition of microplastics. This study shows that degraded of large plastic materials to microplastics due to some factors such as weathering can impact abundance of microplastics in both places, as these locations are well known for fishing activities, industrial areas and also as tourism area.
Kelantan Big Yellow Flood 2014: Statistical Analysis on Relationship between Rainfall Intensity and Water Level
Authors: Muhammad Marinah , Achmad Bahar Arham Muchtar , Ali Khan Mohammad Muqtada , Naim Jemali Noor Janatun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper interpreted statistically the relationship between event of weather activities and flooding in the affected area of Kelantan State in Malaysia during the Big Yellow flood event in December 2014. This is an extreme flood event in Kelantan since 1927 with the return period approximately 1 in 1000 years. The rainfall intensity and river discharge dataset from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) Malaysia in four selected study areas were descriptively analysed and interpreted using hyetograph and hydrograph. Furthermore, this descriptive results have been validated inferentially using Chi-Square statistical test that are applied into the primary data gathered from observation and distribution of a questionnaire to flood victim during a field visit at the same selected study area used in analyzing secondary data from DID. The results from descriptive analysis using hyetograph and hydrograph showed two phases of extreme rainfall in the Kelantan river basin. The first phase from 15 to 19 December 2020 pointed out that the heavy rainfalls contribute to the increase of water levels in Galas, Lebir, and Kelantan rivers. Areas of affected flooded are Kota Bharu, Tualang, Kursial, and Kuala Krai from 17 to 19 December 2014. The second phase from 20 to 24 December shows higher intensities of rainfall, especially at the upstream of the River basin in Gunung Gagau and the flooded situation become more severe due to the full capacity of soils, river, and drainage. This study also shows that the flood depth that occurred in the flood-prone area has a significant association with rainfall intensity but not with the distance of the area from the river. The findings can significantly conclude that the Kelantan big yellow flood 2014 is totally influenced by heavy rainfall.
AgNPs-Azolla Pinnata Extract As Larvicidal Against Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Ravi R. , Ishak I. H. , Amin M.F. Mohd , Hamzah Z , Rasat M. S. M. , Salam M.A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The widely used synthetic insecticide in the operation of mosquito control could result in unfavourable impacts to the environment, human health and non-target organism. Considering these issues, environmentally friendly insecticides from plant extract have been used as green alternatives by recent researchers. Unfortunately, the method of using plant extract as insecticide requires a large amount of raw plants. In relation to this problem, the use of nanoparticles that possesses unique characteristics including small size and potential in changing physical, chemical and biological properties of organisms were studied. Nano-synthesized silver particles (AgNPs) from Azolla pinnata extract were thus investigated in this study in order to determine its efficacy as Aedes aegypti larvicide. The present work focuses on extraction of the compounds in Azolla pinnata using soxhlet extraction method. The plant extract was mixed with 1 mM silver nitrate solution and the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were then being characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. AgNPs particles from Azolla pinnata extract were prepared in six different concentrations and set in plastic cups. Late third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti were being used in all tests. Based on the findings of the experiment, there was no mortality of larvae recorded in control groups after 24 hours of exposure. The lowest mortality recorded was at 10 ppm with only 7.5% mortality, while 95% mortality was recorded for the highest concentration which was 250 ppm. Meanwhile, the LC50 and LC95 obtained at 95% confidence interval after 24 hours of exposure were 121.570 ppm and 369.438 ppm respectively. Further studies should be done to determine the mechanisms of AgNPs in aiding Azolla pinnata as an effective larvicide in the future.
Wood-based industry in Kelantan
Authors: Jemali Noor , Muhammad Marinah , Yahya Juliana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Forest in Kelantan contributes a significant commitment to economy earnings through the wood-based industry sector. Desktop and field survey was carried out to investigate the current status of the wood-based industry in this state. Surveys and secondary data analysis was done in term of the number of licenced wood-based factories that actively operated in the study area. There are 136 wood factories involved in wood-based industry production that distributed throughout ten main districts in Kelantan. Kuala Krai is the utmost and active area for wood-based sector. The wood-based industry includes sawmills, plywood and veneer mills. The sawmills cover of 45.1% from the overall wood-based factories in Kelantan which commonly produce a product from sawn timber for heavy-duty purposes as well as light application decking, step boards and door frames. The wood-based industry in Kelantan had offered vast job opportunities and increase Malaysia’s export earnings. Therefore, strategic management aims to conserve and sustain the natural resources are required to ensure the adequate source for future production.
Performance of TiO2/Al2O3/carbon nanotube nanocomposite on the photocatalytic degradation of metamifop
Authors: Yusoff NR Nik , Wen LP , Yusoff M , Balqis NA , Ghazi R Mohd , Jani M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The photocatalyst of TiO2/Al2O3/CNT nanocomposite was prepared by hydrothermal process. Its performance was evaluated based on the efficiency in degrading metamifop, an active ingredient in the commercial formulation herbicide. The effect of initial concentration metamifop, the dosage of photocatalyst used during photocatalytic degradation of metamifop and the effect of air flow rate were investigated for the evaluation of its performance. The highest percentage degradation of 10 mg/l metamifop obtained from this study was 95.0% using 20 mg of TiO2/Al2O3/CNT nanocomposite photocatalyst with the air flow rate of 2 l/min. The prepared photocatalyst can be potentially used in environmental application.
Model Selection for Machine Learning Algorithm on Decision Making in Oil and Gas Upstream Project Malaysia
Authors: Abd Rahman Mohd Shahrizan , Akmal Jamaludin Nor Azliana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractModel selection is a crucial element in data analysis to get reliable and reproducible statistical inferences or predictions. It is a long history of model selection method arising from research in statistics, information theory, and signal processing. The purpose of this study is to address the problems related to big data in contributing the strategies to make decisions on new investments for upstream Oil and Gas projects in Malaysia. It also discusses the use of machine learning methods for big data processing and highlights current scenarios in a model selection perspective. Machine learning algorithms have proven to work well for statistics used to make decisions. The selection of the machine learning algorithm model does not make drastic assumptions about data, and it can help optimise the exploration process and allow the computer to analyse large amounts of data quickly and accurately. The results show that k-fold cross-validation of the developed model options intended to make subsequent decisions because it is an integral portion of big data processing to gather unexpected new insights, discover new knowledge and improve efficiency.
Demetallisation of Heavy Metals from Indian Mackerel (R. kanagurta) Fish
Authors: Shukri N Mohd , Shahrom AM , Salleh NF Muhamad , Abdullah WN Wan , Muslim NZ Md , Shohaimi NSA Mohd , Abdullah NH , Halim AZ Abd 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Fish especially Indian Mackerel (R. kanagurta) provides protein, essential fatty acids and essential metals that are needed in the human diet, however high concentration of essential metals will cause adverse health effect towards human. Thus, the removal of heavy metals such as lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) from R. kanagurta (Indian mackerel) by using different types of natural waste adsorbents was implemented in this study. Initial concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cu) in Indian mackerel (R. kanagurta) fish were above the permissible limit set by World Health Organization and Malaysia Food Regulation 1985. Thus, in this study, corncob and eggshell were applied as natural waste adsorbents to enhance the demetallisation process. The result showed only the corncob able to efficiently remove all the heavy metals in Indian Mackerel (R. kanagurta) up to 78.31% compared to the eggshell, which yielded about 71.34%. Besides, this study proved that using corncob; the Cd metal found to be wholly removed from (R. kanagurta) which met the permissible limit set by WHO and MFR.
Feed Formulation of Improved Egg Custard formulation using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Mohmad Noor Balqis Nur A’rasyi Binti , Abdul Rojab Nurul Najihah Binti , Bin Wahab Muhammad Amiruddin , Mat Khairiyah Binti , Binti Rusli Nor Dini , Rusli Binti , Al-Amsyar Syed M. , Mahmud Mohd , Harun Hasnita Che 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Macrobrachium rosenbergii or also known as Giant Freshwater Prawn is crustacean species that can naturally be found in Malaysia. Previous studies were carried out on developing alternative feed for M. rosenbergii larvae in order to lower the feed cost and improve growth rate. This project proposed to analyze the nutrition value of M. rosenbergii larvae formulated feed using 40% of egg custard, 3% of eggshells, 1% of Curcuma longa (Turmeric) and 17.5% of Moringa oleifera. There were 13 different feed formulations by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in Design Expert Software version 10 which M. oleifera and C. longa were the variables coded while egg custard and eggshells were the based feed of the formulation. Proximate analysis has been conducted to observe the nutrition composition of the formulated feed and compared with the nutrient requirement of M. rosenbergii larvae which were protein, lipid, mineral and carbohydrates requirement. The result by Design Expert Software version 10 revealed that M. oleifera and C. longa gave the significant effect to protein and mineral requirement but not to lipid and carbohydrate requirement. The software also suggested the optimize formulation that near to the nutrient requirement of M. rosenbergii was Formulation 9, suggested percentage of 17.10%M. oleifera and 1% C. longa with 0.738 desirability.
Physicochemical Analysis of Medicated Ointment Enriched with Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Oil
Authors: Mohammad Azmin Siti Nuurul Huda , Abd Razak Aisha Amira , Mat Nor Mohd Shukri 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Zingiber officinale rhizome has been revered as a culinary and medicinal spice in many traditional cultures. The essential oil from this plant has been proven to cure diseases of fighting infections by decreasing cholesterol and enhancing weight loss. Therefore, the benefits of this plant must be fully utilised either using raw or ginger based-products. Thus, this study aims to formulate herbal ointments with different concentration of ginger oil as well as to investigate the effect of varying concentration of oil on the ointment properties. In this work, five different ointment formulations were evaluated with various ratios of ginger to virgin coconut oil. All formulated semi-solid ointments were tested for physicochemical properties including hardness, viscosity, pH and turbidity. In this study, the properties of the developed ointment were compared with the commercial product as a benchmark. The developed ointment showed a good result of pH values where all ointments are ranging from 6.03 to 6.19. The ratio of 5:95 of ginger to virgin coconut oil was the best formulation where the tested properties were almost similar to the commercial ointment. Accordingly, the developed ointment in this study can be considered as suitable to be used to the external human body such as chest and nose to heal and protect the respiratory problems.
Mosquito Repellency Effects of The Essential Oils from Cinnamomum iners Leaves and Barks
Authors: Wahab I R Abdul , Jaliuddin A F , Anuar N A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Synthetic mosquito repellents containing DEET (N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), DEPA (N, N-diethyl phenylacetamide), permethrin and deltamethrin as active components are known to be the most effective repellents. However, these types of repellents have contributed to numerous toxic effects on not only the environment, but also non-target organisms. The use of natural products such as essential oils is reported as a safe alternative. To date, the study on repellency activities against mosquitoes using Malaysian plants is rare. In the present study, essential oils from leaves and barks of Cinnamomum iners have been reported to show repellency activity, and the whole plant have been used by the local communities to repel mosquitoes and other blood-sucking insects. Repellency assay of the oils against Aedes aegypti was conducted using the percentage repellency bioassay method at three different concentrations: 1%, 5% and 10%. The results showed that the essential oils from barks had a significant percentage repellency (p<0.05) when compared to essential oils from leaves. Two main compounds were identified using the GC-MS: 1-isopropenyl-4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanediol and 2-octen-1-ol,3,7-dimethyl (geraniol) from the bark and leaf essential oils, respectively. The essential oils demonstrated promising insect repellency activity which has the potential for further development into formulations that may serve as alternatives to DEET or be used as natural bioinsecticides to kill mosquitoes.