bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of integrating maternal health services and family planning services on postpartum family planning behavior in Ethiopia: results from a longitudinal survey
Authors: Zimmerman Linnea A. , Yi Yuanyuan , Yihdego Mahari , Abrha Solomon , Shiferaw Solomon , Seme Assefa , Ahmed Saifuddin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Very few postpartum women want to become pregnant within the next 2 years, but approximately 60% of postpartum women in low- and middle-income countries are not using contraceptive methods. The World Health Organization recommends that women receive postpartum family planning (PPFP) counseling during antenatal, immediate postpartum, and postnatal services. Our objective was to establish whether PPFP counseling is being provided in antenatal and postnatal care services in SNNPR, Ethiopia and whether receipt of PPFP counseling improved uptake of postpartum family planning use by 6 months postpartum.

Methods
Longitudinal data from the Performance Monitoring for Accountability 2020 – Maternal and Newborn Health study were used. At screening, 329 women were identified as six or more months pregnant; 307 completed the survey at 6 months postpartum. We used weighted parametric survival analysis with Weibull distribution to assess the effect of receipt of postpartum counseling in antenatal and/or postnatal care by 6 weeks postpartum on contraceptive uptake, after adjusting for intention to use family planning, wantedness of the index pregnancy, delivery location, amenorrhea, exclusive breastfeeding, residence, parity, and education.

Results
Coverage of PPFP counseling is low; by six-weeks postpartum only 20% of women had received counseling. Women who received counseling in postnatal care only and postnatal care and antenatal care took up contraception at significantly higher rates than women who did not receive any counseling (HR: 3.4, p < .01 and HR: 2.5, p = .01, respectively). There was no difference between women who received PPFP counseling only in ANC and women who did not receive counseling at all. Women who did not want the child at all took up contraception at significantly lower rates than women who wanted the child at that time (HR: 0.3, p = .04). Women who had four or more children took up contraception at significantly lower rates than woman with 1–3 children (HR: 0.3, p = .01). There were no significant differences by delivery location, exclusive breastfeeding, residence, or education.

Conclusion
Integration of postpartum family planning counseling into postnatal care services is an effective means to increase postpartum contraceptive uptake, but significant gaps in coverage, particularly in the delivery and postnatal period, remain.
Determinants of occupational injuries among building construction workers in Kampala City, Uganda
Authors: Kiconco Arthur , Ruhinda Nathan , Halage Abdullah Ali , Watya Stephen , Bazeyo William , Ssempebwa John C. , Byonanebye Joseph 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Globally, about 1000 people die and close to 860,000 people sustain injury at work daily. Injury prevention and control require contextual evidence, although most studies in Uganda have focused on general causes. Factors associated with occupational injuries among building construction workers were assessed in this study.

Methods
A cross-sectional study among building construction workers was conducted in Kampala, Uganda. A standardized semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Three hundred nineteen (319) participants were randomly and proportionately selected from 57 construction sites. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the variables while generalized linear modeling was used to estimate the crude/adjusted prevalence ratios.

Results
The prevalence of occupational injuries was 32.4%. Most injuries, approximately 70% occurred among nightshift workers. Age of ≤24 years (APR: 2.09 CI: 1.20–3.65, P = 0.009); daily income in or above the second quartile−USD ≥3.2 (APR: 1.72, CI: 1.06–2.80, P = 0.028); job dissatisfaction (APR: 1.63, CI: 1.17–2.27, P = 0.004); job stress (APR: 1.72, CI: 1.22–2.41, P = 0.004); poor safety environment (APR: 1.51, CI: 1.10–2.05, P = 0.009); PPE provision (APR: 1.47, CI: 1.05–2.05, P = 0.02) and routine use of PPE (APR: 0.57, CI: 0.34–0.95, P = 0.03) were significantly associated with occupational injuries.

Conclusion
There was a relatively high prevalence of injuries mostly resulting from cuts and mostly suffered on night duty. Upper and lower extremities were the most hurt parts of the body during injury leading to loss of a substantial number of productive days. This could affect the health and wellbeing of construction workers. Most of the factors significantly associated with occupational injuries are modifiable thus an opportunity to address the problem. Efforts towards integrating education for behaviour change, advocacy and training workers to demand for their rights to safe and protection at work and legislation enforcement can help reduce occupational injury occurrence.
Economic development and road traffic injuries and fatalities in Thailand: an application of spatial panel data analysis, 2012–2016
Authors: Suphanchaimat Rapeepong , Sornsrivichai Vorasith , Limwattananon Supon , Thammawijaya Panithee 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) have been one of the most critical public health problems in Thailand for decades. The objective of this study was to examine to what extent provincial economy was associated with RTIs, road traffic deaths and case fatality rate in Thailand.

Methods
A secondary data analysis on time-series data was applied. The unit of analysis was a panel of 77 provinces during 2012–2016. Data were obtained from relevant public authorities, including the Ministry of Public Health. Descriptive statistics and econometric models, using negative binomial (NB) regression, negative binomial regression with random-effects (RE) model, and spatial Durbin model (SDM) were employed. The main predictor variable was gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the outcome variables were incidence proportion of RTIs, traffic deaths and case fatality rate. The analysis was adjusted for key covariates.

Results
The incidence proportion of RTIs rose from 449.0 to 524.9 cases per 100,000 population from 2012 till 2016, whereas the incidence of traffic fatalities fluctuated between 29.7 and 33.2 deaths per 100,000 population. Case fatality rate steadily stood at 0.06–0.07 deaths per victim. RTIs and traffic deaths appeared to be positively correlated with provincial economy in the NB regression and the RE model. In the SDM, a log-Baht increase in GDP per capita (equivalent to a growth of GDP per capita by about 2.7 times) enlarged the incidence proportion of injuries and deaths by about a quarter (23.8–30.7%) with statistical significance. No statistical significance was found in case fatality rate by the SDM. The SDM also presented the best model fitness relative to other models.

Conclusion
The incidence proportion of traffic injuries and deaths appeared to rise alongside provincial prosperity. This means that RTIs-preventive measures should be more intensified in economically well-off areas. Furthermore, entrepreneurs and business sectors that gain economic benefit in a particular province should share responsibility in RTIs prevention in the area where their businesses are running. Further studies that explore others determinants of road safety, such as patterns of vehicles used, attitudes and knowledge of motorists, investment in safety measures, and compliance with traffic laws, are recommended.
Ulinastatin treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome in China: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Xiangyun , Zhu Zhaozhong , Jiao Weijie , Liu Wei , Liu Fang , Zhu Xi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Epidemiologic studies have shown inconsistent conclusions about the effect of ulinastain treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is necessary to perform a meta-analysis of ulinastatin’s randomized controlled trials (RCTS) to evaluate its efficacy for treating ARDS.

Methods
We searched the published RCTs of ulinastatin treatment for ARDS from nine databases (the latest search on April 30th, 2017). Two authors independently screened citations and extracted data. The meta-analysis was performed using Rev. Man 5.3 software.

Results
A total of 33 RCTs involving 2344 patients satisfied the selection criteria and were included in meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that, compared to conventional therapy, ulinastatin has a significant benefit for ARDS patients by reducing mortality (RR = 0.51, 95% CI:0.43~0.61) and ventilator associated pneumonia rate (RR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.36~0.69), and shortening duration of mechanical ventilation (SMD = -1.29, 95% CI: -1.76~-0.83), length of intensive care unit stay (SMD = -1.38, 95% CI: -1.95~-0.80), and hospital stay (SMD = -1.70, 95% CI:-2.63~−0.77). Meanwhile, ulinastatin significantly increased the patients’ oxygenation index (SMD = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.62~2.46) and decreased respiratory rate (SMD = -1.08, 95% CI: -1.29~-0.88) and serum inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α: SMD = -3.06, 95% CI:-4.34~-1.78; interleukin-1β: SMD = -3.49, 95% CI: -4.64~-2.34; interleukin-6: SMD = -2.39, 95% CI: -3.34~-1.45; interleukin-8: SMD = -2.43, 95% CI: -3.86~-1.00).

Conclusions
Ulinastatin seemly showed a beneficial effect for ARDS patients treatment and larger sample sized RCTs are needed to confirm our findings.
A consensus-based process identifying physical therapy and exercise treatments for patients with degenerative meniscal tears and knee OA: the TeMPO physical therapy interventions and home exercise program
Authors: Safran-Norton Clare E. , Sullivan James K. , Irrgang James J. , Kerman Hannah M. , Bennell Kim L. , Calabrese Gary , Dechaves Leigh , Deluca Brian , Gil Alexandra B. , Kale Madhuri , Luc-Harkey Brittney , Selzer Faith , Sople Derek , Tonsoline Peter , Losina Elena , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is prevalent and often associated with meniscal tear. Physical therapy (PT) and exercise regimens are often used to treat OA or meniscal tear, but, to date, few programs have been designed specifically for conservative treatment of meniscal tear with concomitant knee OA. Clinical care and research would be enhanced by a standardized, evidence–based, conservative treatment program and the ability to study the effects of the contextual factors associated with interventions for patients with painful, degenerative meniscal tears in the setting of OA. This paper describes the process of developing both a PT intervention and a home exercise program for a randomized controlled clinical trial that will compare the effectiveness of these interventions for patients with knee pain, meniscal tear and concomitant OA.

Methods
This paper describes the process utilized by an interdisciplinary team of physical therapists, physicians, and researchers to develop and refine a standardized in-clinic PT intervention, and a standardized home exercise program to be carried out without PT supervision. The process was guided in part by Medical Research Council guidance on intervention development.

Results
The investigators achieved agreement on an in-clinic PT intervention that included manual therapy, stretching, strengthening, and neuromuscular functional training addressing major impairments in range of motion, musculotendinous length, muscle strength and neuromotor control in the major muscle groups associated with improving knee function. The investigators additionally achieved agreement on a progressive, protocol-based home exercise program (HEP) that addressed the same major muscle groups. The HEP was designed to allow patients to perform and progress the exercises without PT supervision, utilizing minimal equipment and a variety of methods for instruction.

Discussion
This multi-faceted in-clinic PT program and standardized HEP provide templates for in-clinic and home-based care for patients with symptomatic degenerative meniscal tear and concomitant OA. These interventions will be tested as part of the Treatment of Meniscal Tear in Osteoarthritis (TeMPO) Trial.

Trial registration
The TeMPO Trial was first registered at clinicaltrials.gov with registration No. NCT03059004 on February 14, 2017. TeMPO was also approved by the Institutional Review Board at Partners HealthCare/Brigham and Women’s Hospital.
Surface-projection-based transperineal cognitive fusion targeted biopsy of the prostate: an original technique with a good cancer detection rate
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Xiaofei , Zhao Wenfeng , Zhao Zichen , Li Zhihu , Fei Shengmin , Zhu He , Ji Xiang , Yang Bing , Li Ningchen , Na Yanqun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
To report a new standardized cognitive fusion technique on transperineal targeted biopsy (TB) of prostate, and to evaluate its efficacy for cancer detection combined with systematic biopsy (SB) .

Methods
We present a retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) imaging of the prostate with subsequent transperineal prostate biopsy from January 2016 to December 2018. A free-hand 12-core SB was performed for each patient. PI-RADS 3–5 lesions were further targeted for biopsy with our TB technique. Firstly, a central point of suspicious lesion (B′) was registered cognitively on a transverse section of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Then, biopsy gun punctured vertically through a fixed pioneer site (A) on skin of perineum, and deep into the TRUS section to get A’. Next, targeted site (B), the surface-projection of B′, would be determined on skin of perineum by A and distance from B′ to A’. Finally, puncture through B to reach B′. Pathological findings of SB and TB were analyzed.

Results
A total of 126 patients underwent transperineal prostate biopsy (47 SB only, 79 SB + TB). The age of the patients was 68.7 ± 9.2 years. The median preoperative PSA value was 11.8 ng/mL. Preoperative prostate volume was 60.5 ± 50.0 mL. The numbers of patients with PI-RADS scores of 1 through 5 were 4, 43, 27, 21 and 31, respectively. The overall detection rate of cancer was 61/126 (48.4%), and it was significantly higher in the combination cohort (56/79, 70.9%) compared with the SB only cohort (5/47, 10.6%, p<0.001). When focused on the combination cohort, TB detected a similar overall rate of PCa (53/79, 67.1% vs 52/79, 65.8%; p = 0.87) compared with SB. The clinically significant PCa (csPC) detection rate was 52/79 (65.8%), while for TB and SB the csPC/PC rate was 51/53 (96.2%) and 48/52 (92.3%), respectively(p = 0.44). TB demonstrated a better sampling performance (positive rate for each core) compared with SB (51.0% vs 31.3%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Surface-projection-based transperineal cognitive fusion targeted biopsy of the prostate has a good efficacy in detecting PCa.
Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage after hip arthroplasty: an initially misdiagnosed case
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Xiao-fei , Qin Ying-chao , Chen Jia , Shang Cun-hai , Sun Guo-feng , Li Ning-chen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage (BAH) is a rare but potentially catastrophic condition. Its clinical manifestation is often non-specific and sometimes difficult to be diagnosed in time.

Case summary
A 57-year-old woman, who presented with severe fatigue, nausea and vomiting after left hip arthroplasty due to her femoral neck fracture in a local hospital, was transferred to our medical center. Laboratory results revealed significant hyponatremia, low serum cortisol and elevated serum ACTH. Computed tomography (CT) showed a bilateral adrenal mass, measured 3.6 × 2.7 cm on the left and 3.4 × 2.3 cm on the right. Further magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the diagnosis of BAH. The patient was prescribed with oral prednisolone acetate, 5 mg, tid, and her condition improved gradually. Nine months after, the patient was in good condition with 5 mg prednisolone acetate per day. CT revealed a clearly shrunken adrenal mass compared with 9 months ago.

Conclusions
This case illustrates the difficulty in making the diagnosis of BAH with atypical presentation. Such cases necessitate greater alertness on the part of the clinician and require rapid diagnosis and prompt glucocorticoid replacement for better clinical outcomes.
Disruption of a putative mitochondrial oxaloacetate shuttle protein in Aspergillus carbonarius results in secretion of malic acid at the expense of citric acid production
Authors: Yang Lei , Linde Tore , Hossain Abeer H. , Lübeck Mette , Punt Peter J. , Lübeck Peter S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn filamentous fungi, transport of organic acids across the mitochondrial membrane is facilitated by active transport via shuttle proteins. These transporters may transfer different organic acids across the membrane while taking others the opposite direction. InAspergillus niger, accumulation of malate in the cytosol can trigger production of citric acid via the exchange of malate and citrate across the mitochondrial membrane. Several mitochondrial organic acid transporters were recently studied inA. nigershowing their effects on organic acid production.ResultsIn this work, we studied another citric acid producing fungus,Aspergillus carbonarius, and identified by genome-mining a putative mitochondrial transporter MtpA, which was not previously studied, that might be involved in production of citric acid. This gene namedmtpAencoding a putative oxaloacetate transport protein was expressed constitutively inA. carbonariusbased on transcription analysis. To study its role in organic acid production, we disrupted the gene and analyzed its effects on production of citric acid and other organic acids, such as malic acid. In total, 6 transformants with genemtpAdisrupted were obtained and they showed secretion of malic acid at the expense of citric acid production.ConclusionA putative oxaloacetate transporter gene which is potentially involved in organic acid production byA. carbonariuswas identified and further investigated on its effects on production of citric acid and malic acid. ThemtpAknockout strains obtained produced less citric acid and more malic acid than the wild type, in agreement with our original hypothesis. More extensive studies should be conducted in order to further reveal the mechanism of organic acid transport as mediated by the MtpA transporter.
Identification of a potentially avoidable cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hematology and oncology wards
Authors: Choi Yeonjoo , Kim Jin Won , Suh Koung Jin , Lim Yoo-Joo , Lee Ji Yun , Kang Beo-Deul , Kim Ji-Won , Kim Se-Hyun , Lee Jeong-Ok , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Keun-Wook , Kim Jee Hyun , Bang Soo-Mee , Lee Jong Seok 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
In-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of undesirable situations. We tried to identify and characterize a potentially avoidable CPR in cancer patients who were hospitalized in hematology and oncology wards.

Methods
A potentially avoidable CPR was determined based on chemotherapy setting, disease status and clinical situation at the time when a cardiopulmonary arrest occurred, by using a consensus-driven medical records review of two physicians.

Results
One hundred thirty-seven patients among 12,437 patients hospitalized at hematology and oncology wards between March 2003 and June 2015 (1.1%) underwent a CPR. Eighty-eight patients (64.2%) were men. The majority of patients with a CPR had lung cancer (41, 29.9%), hematologic malignancy (24, 17.5%), stomach cancer (23, 16.8%) or lymphoma (20, 14.6%). A potentially avoidable CPR was identified in 51 patients (37.2%). In a multivariate analysis, advanced diseases and certain tumor types (e.g., lung cancer, lymphoma) were significant risk factors for a potentially avoidable CPR. Of patients who received a potentially avoidable CPR, 29 patients (56.9%) did not have a do-not-resuscitate documentation. A first return of spontaneous circulation rate (ROSC) and in-hospital survival rate (IHSR) were much lower in patients with a potentially avoidable CPR than those with a CPR that was not avoidable (ROSC: 39.2% vs 53.5%, P = 0.106; IHSR: 2.0% vs 12.8%, P = 0.032, respectively).

Conclusions
A potentially avoidable CPR was common at hematology and oncology wards. A potentially avoidable CPR frequently occurred in advanced diseases and certain tumor types. Furthermore, cancer patients who received a potentially avoidable CPR showed the worse prognosis.
The potential of antioxidant-rich Maoberry (Antidesma bunius) extract on fat metabolism in liver tissues of rats fed a high-fat diet
Authors: Ngamlerst Chattraya , Udomkasemsab Arunwan , Kongkachuichai Ratchanee , Kwanbunjan Karunee , Chupeerach Chaowanee , Prangthip Pattaneeya 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Backgound
Obesity and dyslipidemia are major risk factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD refers to the accumulation of fat in more than 5% of the liver without alcohol consumption. NAFLD is the most common liver disease and is rapidly becoming a global public health problem. Maoberry (Antidesma bunius) is a fruit rich in antioxidants, especially phenolic compounds, which are reported to have benefits for patients with NAFLD.

Methods
We evaluated the effect of Maoberry extract on fat metabolism in liver tissues of high fat diet–induced rats. Five (5) groups (n = 12) of male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into those given a high fat diet with no treatment (HF), different dosages of Maoberry extracts (0.38 [ML], 0.76 [MM) and 1.52 [MH] g/kg body weight) and 10 mg/kg statin (STAT). The rats were fed a high fat diet for 4 weeks to induce obesity and subsequently continued more for 12 weeks with treatments of Maoberry extracts or STAT. The levels of triglyceride, liver enzymes, oxidative stress and inflammation markers, triglyceride synthesis regulators, and pathology of the liver in high fat diet-induced rats were investigated.

Results
Feeding Maoberry extract in MH groups resulted in decreasing levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), liver triglyceride, liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and mRNA expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT)-1 and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) compared with the HF group (P < 0.05). Moreover, histopathological study of the liver showed reduced fat droplets in the Maoberry extract treatment groups, especially in MH groups and STAT treatment groups.

Conclusions
The improvements of fat metabolism in liver tissues of rats fed a high-fat diet were observed in Maoberry extracts treatment groups. The underline mechanism that link to fat metabolism might be through the process accompanied with down-regulated the gene expression of key enzymes of lipid production, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammation properties of Maoberry extracts which contains high levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds.