bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student Oriented Learning In Floating and Drowning Concept
Authors: Ayub S , Gunawan G , Ramdani A , Afifah G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Teaching is a teacher’s daily job. Nevertheless, it turns out that teaching students about how they should study is not easy. This research is included as Research and Development—also known as RnD—which aims to give an actual example of how to teach and to floating and drowned concept in a simple way through Curriculum 2013. The result of the research, which is a student-oriented learning design and leraning structure which in turn is an implementation of scientific approach, is the output resulted from a long term study, development and experience obtained by the writer team through teaching and training a number of supervisors, school principals, and teachers in various areas of Indonesia. The responses for this teaching model obtained from the teachers have been very positive, whereby 95% teachers claimed that they are very interested in the design, and only 5% claimed that they are mildly interested. This thus indicates that this teaching model can become a model to be referred to in teaching using scientific approach in Curriculum 2013.
Digital Image Processing For Detecting Yellow Lines (Patch Yellow) In Palm Oil Plant Using Sobel Algorithm
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Zarlis Muhammad , Sembiring Rahmat Widia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Through computer hardware, digital images can manipulate and analyze data is the process and purpose of processing digital images. Where the data from the Digital Image used is edge detection. The use of visual techniques such as image processing can simplify the process of analyzing an object without dealing directly with the object to be observed. Image of palm oil leaves through image processing can be analyzed through the level of the greenness of the leaves and the patterns that exist on the leaves to determine the fertility of oil palm plants. This research uses descriptive analysis method, by collecting leaf samples that need to be analyzed using image processing software, then detected to determine the pattern of the shape of the leaf being attacked. The process of this research goes through the Preprocessing stage of palm oil leaf image, Feature Extraction, System Implementation, System Testing, documentation and report preparation. The difference from the leaves that are attacked by yellow patch yellow, on the surface of the affected leaves there are patterns such as patches, the more patterns, the more severe the disease attack. Spots at each stage of the disease were successfully obtained through image processing based on a single filter.
The climatic association of population divergence and future extinction risk of Solanum pimpinellifolium
Authors: Lin Ya-Ping , Lu Cheng-Yueh , Lee Cheng-Ruei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnder intraspecific differentiation driven by differential climatic adaptation, it may be expected that intraspecific genetic groups occur at distinct environments. Populations occupying different niches may therefore differ in their ability to cope with climate change. Here, we addressed this hypothesis with a wild tomato, Solanum pimpinellifolium. This species is distributed from the west side of Andes to the coastal region in Peru and Ecuador and occupies a wide environmental diversity. This environmental diversity is related to the genetic structure of the species providing an ideal material to investigate the isolation by environment hypothesis. While previous hypothesis stated that S. pimpinellifolium originated from northern Peru and migrated northwards and southwards, our results support that S. pimpinellifolium originated from Ecuador and expanded to northern and southern Peru, and during this process, the niche space of S. pimpinellifolium became more associated with cold and drought. We further predicted its fate under anthropogenic climate change. According to our predictions, the northern group will maintain its current extent or even expand to the entire western region of Ecuador. In contrast, we predicted low habitat suitability for the southern group which could potentially lead to the shrinkage of its distribution. In conclusion, we revealed the distinct fates among the differentiated populations driven by environment under global warming conditions.
CodAn: predictive models for precise identification of coding regions in eukaryotic transcripts
Authors: Nachtigall Pedro G , Kashiwabara Andre Y , Durham Alan M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Characterization of the coding sequences (CDSs) is an essential step in transcriptome annotation. Incorrect identification of CDSs can lead to the prediction of non-existent proteins that can eventually compromise knowledge if databases are populated with similar incorrect predictions made in different genomes. Also, the correct identification of CDSs is important for the characterization of the untranslated regions (UTRs), which are known to be important regulators of the mRNA translation process. Considering this, we present CodAn (Coding sequence Annotator), a new approach to predict confident CDS and UTR regions in full or partial transcriptome sequences in eukaryote species.

Results
Our analysis revealed that CodAn performs confident predictions on full-length and partial transcripts with the strand sense of the CDS known or unknown. The comparative analysis showed that CodAn presents better overall performance than other approaches, mainly when considering the correct identification of the full CDS (i.e. correct identification of the start and stop codons). In this sense, CodAn is the best tool to be used in projects involving transcriptomic data.

Availability
CodAn is freely available at https://github.com/pedronachtigall/CodAn.

Contact
aland@usp.br

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Briefings in Bioinformatics online.
Crime, Order and the Two Faces of Conservatism: an Encounter with Criminology’s other
Authors: Loader Ian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOver the past half century, conservatism has been a powerful force in shaping public and political responses to crime in Britain. But within criminology, conservative ideology remains curiously neglected and poorly understood. In this paper, I develop an interpretive reconstruction of conservative thinking about crime that seeks to make good this inattention. My central contention is that one finds in conservative ideology both an emotionally and culturally resonant case for making police authority and penal control central to the production of order and arguments for sceptical penal restraint and non-penal modes of socialization. But from which aspects of its conceptual morphology do these two faces of conservatism arise? In answering this question, my encounter identifies the claims that conservatism brings to contests over a better politics of crime (claims with which non-conservatives are required to reckon), as well as pinpointing certain shortcomings and blind spots of conservative ideology.
How Long Do We Need to Treat an Invasive Mold Disease in Hematology Patients? Factors Influencing Duration of Therapy and Future Questions
Authors: Fernández-Cruz Ana , Lewis Russell E , Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTreatment duration for invasive mold disease (IMD) in patients with hematological malignancy is not standardized and is a challenging subject in antifungal stewardship. Concerns for IMD relapse during subsequent reinduction or consolidation chemotherapy or graft versus host disease treatment in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients often results in prolonged or indefinite antifungal treatment. There are no validated criteria that predict when it is safe to stop antifungals. Decisions are individualized and depend on the offending fungus, site and extent of IMD, comorbidities, hematologic disease prognosis, and future plans for chemotherapy or transplantation. Recent studies suggest that FDG-PET/CT could help discriminate between active and residual fungal lesions to support decisions for safely stopping antifungals. Validation of noninvasive biomarkers for monitoring treatment response, tests for quantifying the “net state of immunosuppression,” and genetic polymorphisms associated with poor fungal immunity could lead to a personalized assessment for the continued need for antifungal therapy.
Linearly Homomorphic Signatures from Lattices
Authors: Lin Cheng-Jun , Xue Rui , Yang Shao-Jun , Huang Xinyi , Li Shimin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLinearly homomorphic signatures (LHSs) allow any entity to linearly combine a set of signatures and to provide authentication service for the corresponding (combined) data. The public key of the current known LHSs from lattices in the standard model requires $O(l)$ matrices and $O(k)$ vectors, where $l$ is the length of file identifier and $k$ is the maximum data set size that linear functions support. In this paper, we construct two lattice-based LHS schemes with provable security in the standard model and both schemes can authenticate vectors defined over finite field. First, we present a basic LHS scheme satisfying selective security, based on the full-rank difference hash functions. Second, we modify the chameleon hash function constructed by (Cash, D., Hofheinz, D., Kiltz, E. and Peikert, C. (2010) Bonsai Trees, or How to Delegate a Lattice Basis. In Proc. EUROCRYPT 10, Monaco/French Riviera, May 30 to June 3, pp. 523–552. Springer, Berlin) to construct a linearly homomorphic chameleon hash function (LHCHF), which can be applied to all transformations from selectively secure LHS scheme that authenticates vectors defined over finite field $\mathbb{F}_{p}$ ($p=poly(n)$) to fully secure one, except for a new one that authenticates vectors defined over a small field. Starting from LHCFH and the basic scheme as above, we obtain a fully secure LHS scheme. Both schemes can be used to sign multiple files and have relatively short public keys consisting of $O(1)$ matrices and $O(k)$ vectors.
Ustekinumab Successfully Treats and Maintains Remission of Pyostomatitis Vegetans Associated with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Abi Doumeth Sarah , Abbas Ossama , Hashash Jana G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Pyostomatitis vegetans (PV) is a rare inflammatory stomatitis often associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Treatment of PV depends on the presence of coexisting IBD. To date, there have been no reports on the use of ustekinumab for PV. There have been recent cases on the use of ustekinumab for treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum and uveitis. We report the case of a 26-year-old female with moderately severe Crohn’s disease (CD) and PV who was successfully treated with ustekinumab monotherapy. Since initiation of ustekinumab, she has been in clinical and biochemical remission from a CD and PV standpoint for the last 12 months.
Efficacy of Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorptive Apheresis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Showing Lost Response to Infliximab
Authors: Yokoyama Yoko , Sawada Koji , Aoyama Nobuo , Yoshimura Naoki , Sako Minako , Hirai Fumihito , Kashiwagi Nobuhito , Suzuki Yasuo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsIn inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients, antibody-to-infliximab [ATI] generation is responsible for loss of response [LOR] and infusion reaction [IR] to infliximab. An immuno-therapeutic approach is considered an option to overcome LOR. Granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis [GMA] using an Adacolumn has been shown to have clinical efficacy together with immunomodulatory effects in IBD patients.MethodsWe developed an ATI-CAI assay utilizing a C1q immobilized plate and applied it to measure ATI in patients who were receiving infliximab, including 56 with sustained response, 76 with LOR and six with IR. Furthermore, 14 patients with LOR and two with paradoxical skin reactions who received infliximab + GMA combination therapy were analysed.ResultsFourteen patients with LOR, seven with Crohn’s disease and seven with ulcerative colitis, showed significantly improved clinical indices [p = 0.0009], and decreased ATI [p = 0.0171] and interleukin-6 [p = 0.0537] levels at week 8 following initiation of infliximab + GMA therapy. Nine patients who received combination therapy achieved remission, which was maintained to week 24 with infliximab alone. Additionally, cutaneous lesions in two patients with IR were improved. ATI-CAI assay efficiency was not influenced by infliximab concentration during the test. Pre- and post-infliximab infusion ATI levels were not different. Patients with ATI greater than the 0.153 μg/mL cut-off value were likely to experience LOR [odds ratio 3.0].ConclusionsPatients who received infliximab + GMA therapy appeared to regain clinical response to infliximab by a decrease in ATI level. Furthermore, the concentration of infliximab in the test did not influence ATI measurement, but was associated with clinical response.
The Historical Role and Contemporary Use of Corticosteroids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Dorrington Alexander M , Selinger Christian P , Parkes Gareth C , Smith Melissa , Pollok Richard C , Raine Tim 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The use of corticosteroids to treat patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] has been the bedrock of IBD therapeutics since the pioneering work of Truelove and Witts in the UK in the 1950s and subsequent large cohort studies in the USA and Europe. Nevertheless, although effective for induction of remission, these agents do not maintain remission and are associated with a long list of recognised side effects, including a risk of increased mortality. With the arrival of an increasing number of therapies for patients with IBD, the question arises as to whether we are using these agents appropriately in contemporary practice. This review discusses the historical background to steroid usage in IBD, and also provides a brief review of the literature on side effects of corticosteroid treatment as relevant to IBD patients. Data on licensed medications are presented with specific reference to the achievement of corticosteroid-free remission. We review available international data on the incidence of corticosteroid exposure and excess, and discuss some of the observations we and others have made concerning health care and patient-level factors associated with the risk of corticosteroid exposure, including identification of ‘at-risk’ populations.
Artificial intelligence as structural estimation: Deep Blue, Bonanza, and AlphaGo
Authors: Igami Mitsuru 
Published: March 2020

Summary
This article clarifies the connections between certain algorithms to develop artificial intelligence (AI) and the econometrics of dynamic structural models, with concrete examples of three 'game AIs'. Chess-playing Deep Blue is a calibrated value function, whereas shogi-playing Bonanza is an estimated value function via Rust’s nested fixed-point (NFXP) method. AlphaGo’s 'supervised-learning policy network' is a deep-neural-network implementation of the conditional-choice-probability (CCP) estimation reminiscent of Hotz and Miller's first step; the construction of its 'reinforcement-learning value network' is analogous to their conditional choice simulation (CCS). I then explain the similarities and differences between AI-related methods and structural estimation more generally, and suggest areas of potential cross-fertilization.
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with high vs. low arrhythmia burden: atrial remodelling and ablation outcome
Authors: Strisciuglio T , El Haddad M , Debonnaire P , De Pooter J , Demolder Anthony , Wolf M , Phlips T , Kyriakopoulou M , Almorad A , Knecht S , Tavernier R , Vandekerckhove Y , Duytschaever Mattias 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Aims
The relation between atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATA) burden in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial remodelling, and efficacy of catheter ablation (CA) is unknown. We investigated whether high vs. low-burden paroxysmal AF patients have distinct clinical characteristics or electro-mechanical properties of the left atrium (LA) and whether burden impacts outcome of CA.

Methods and results
Atrial tachyarrhythmia burden, defined as the percentage of time spent in ATA, was assessed by insertable cardiac monitors in 105 patients before and after CA. Clinical characteristics and electro-mechanical properties of LA were compared between patients with high vs. low ATA burden. Catheter ablation efficacy was assessed by reduction in ATA burden and 1-year freedom from any ATA. Median ATA burden was 2.7% (highest tertile 9.3%). Clinical characteristics and electrical properties of LA (refractoriness, conduction velocity, low voltage) did not differ between high (≥9.3%) vs. low ATA burden (&lt;9.3%) patients. High ATA burden patients had larger LA diameter (46.5 ± 6 vs. 42.5 ± 6mm, P &lt; 0.01), volume (93.8 ± 22 vs. 80.4 ± 21mL, P = 0.01), and lower LA reservoir and contractile strain (19.7 ± 6 vs. 24.7 ± 6%, P &lt; 0.01; 10.3 ± 3 vs. 12.8 ± 4%, P = 0.01). Catheter ablation reduced ATA burden by 100% (100–100) in both groups (P = 1.0). Freedom from ATA after CA was equally high (83% vs. 89%, P = 0.38).

Conclusion
Paroxysmal AF patients with high ATA burden have altered LA mechanical properties, reflected by larger size and impaired function. Despite mechanical remodelling of the atria, they are excellent responders to CA. Most likely the lack of fibrosis and/or advanced electrical remodelling explain why pulmonary veins remain the dominant trigger for AF in this patient cohort.
Utility of serial measurement of biomarkers of cardiovascular stress and inflammation in systolic dysfunction
Authors: Morin Daniel P , Chong-Yik Ronald , Thihalolipavan Sudarone , Krauthammer Yoaav S , Bernard Michael L , Khatib Sammy , Polin Glenn M , Rogers Paul A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Aims
Evidence links markers of systemic inflammation and heart failure (HF) with ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and/or death. Biomarker levels, and the risk they indicate, may vary over time. We evaluated the utility of serial laboratory measurements of inflammatory biomarkers and HF, using time-dependent analysis.

Methods and results
We prospectively enrolled ambulatory patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35% and a primary-prevention implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Levels of established inflammatory biomarkers [C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (ST2), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)] and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were assessed at 3-month intervals for 1 year. We assessed relationships between biomarkers modelled as time-dependent variables, VA, and death. Among 196 patients (66±14 years, LVEF 23±8%), 33 experienced VA, and 18 died. Using only baseline values, BNP predicted VA, and both BNP and ST2 predicted death. Using serial measurements at 3-month intervals, time-varying BNP independently predicted VA, and time-varying ST2 independently predicted death. C-statistic analysis revealed no significant benefit to repeated testing compared with baseline-only measurement. C-reactive protein, ESR, and TNF-α, either at baseline or over time, did not predict either endpoint.

Conclusion
In stable ambulatory patients with systolic cardiomyopathy and an ICD, BNP predicts ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and ST2 predicts death. Repeated laboratory measurements over a year’s time do not improve risk stratification beyond baseline measurement alone.

Clinical Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01892462 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01892462).
A systematic review of patient-reported outcome measurement (PROM) and provider assessment in mental health: goals, implementation, setting, measurement characteristics and barriers
Authors: Gelkopf Marc , Mazor Yael , Roe David 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To review and integrate the literature on mental-health-related patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and routine outcome measures (ROMs), namely in the domains of goals, characteristics, implementation, settings, measurements and barriers. PROM/ROM aims mainly to ascertain treatment impact in routine clinical practice through systematic service users’ health assessment using standardized self-report, caretaker and/or provider assessment.

Data sources
Psych INFO and PubMed including Medline, Biomed Central, EMBASE Psychiatry and Elsevier Science’s Direct.

Study selection
Systemized review of literature (2000–2018) on implementation and sustainability of PROMs/ROMs in adult mental health settings (MHS).

Data extraction and synthesis
Systemized review of literature (2000–2018) on numerous aspects of PROM/ROM implementation and sustainability in adult MHS worldwide.

Results
Based on 103 articles, PROMs/ROMs were implemented mostly in outpatient settings for people with assorted mental health disorders receiving a diversity of services. Frequency of assessments and completion rates varied: one-third of projects had provider assessments; about half had both provider and self-assessments. Barriers to implementation: perceptions that PROM/ROM is intrusive to clinical practice, lack of infrastructure, fear that results may be used for cost containment and service eligibility instead of service quality improvement, difficulties with measures, ethical and confidentiality regulations and web security data management regulations.

Conclusion
Improving data input systems, sufficient training, regular feedback, measures to increase administrative and logistic support to improve implementation, acceptability, feasibility and sustainability, follow-up assessments and client attrition rate reduction efforts are only some measures needed to enhance PROM/ROM efficiency and efficacy.
Where is my infusion pump? Harnessing network dynamics for improved hospital equipment fleet management
Authors: Martinez Diego A , Cai Jiarui , Oke Jimi B , Jarrell Andrew S , Feijoo Felipe , Appelbaum Jeffrey , Klein Eili , Barnes Sean , Levin Scott R ,   for the AHRQ Patient Safety Learning Laboratory Program and the CDC MinD Healthcare Program
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective
Timely availability of intravenous infusion pumps is critical for high-quality care delivery. Pumps are shared among hospital units, often without central management of their distribution. This study seeks to characterize unit-to-unit pump sharing and its impact on shortages, and to evaluate a system-control tool that balances inventory across all care areas, enabling increased availability of pumps.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective study of 3832 pumps moving in a network of 5292 radiofrequency and infrared sensors from January to November 2017 at The Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland. We used network analysis to determine whether pump inventory in one unit was associated with inventory fluctuations in others. We used a quasi-experimental design and segmented regressions to evaluate the effect of the system-control tool on enabling safe inventory levels in all care areas.

Results
We found 93 care areas connected through 67,111 pump transactions and 4 discernible clusters of pump sharing. Up to 17% (95% confidence interval, 7%-27%) of a unit’s pump inventory was explained by the inventory of other units within its cluster. The network analysis supported design and deployment of a hospital-wide inventory balancing system, which resulted in a 44% (95% confidence interval, 36%-53%) increase in the number of care areas above safe inventory levels.

Conclusions
Network phenomena are essential inputs to hospital equipment fleet management. Consequently, benefits of improved inventory management in strategic unit(s) are capable of spreading safer inventory levels throughout the hospital.