bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five-year follow-up results from phase II studies of nivolumab in Japanese patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: pooled analysis of the ONO-4538-05 and ONO-4538-06 studies
Authors: Saka Hideo , Nishio Makoto , Hida Toyoaki , Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Sakai Hiroshi , Nogami Naoyuki , Atagi Shinji , Takahashi Toshiaki , Horinouchi Hidehito , Takenoyama Mitsuhiro , Katakami Nobuyuki , Tanaka Hiroshi , Takeda Koji , Satouchi Miyako , Isobe Hiroshi , Maemondo Makoto , Goto Koichi , Hirashima Tomonori , Minato Koichi , Yada Nobumichi , Tamura Tomohide 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Two phase II studies in Japan examined the efficacy and safety of nivolumab, a programmed cell death 1 receptor inhibitor, in patients with advanced squamous and non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (ONO-4538-05 and ONO-4538-06). We examined the long-term efficacy and safety of nivolumab in these patients treated for up to 5 years.

Methods
Patients with squamous (N = 35) or non-squamous (N = 76) non-small cell lung cancer received nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks) until disease progression/death. Overall survival and progression-free survival were assessed at 5 years after starting treatment in separate and pooled analyses. Safety was evaluated in terms of treatment-related adverse events.

Results
A total of 17 patients were alive at the database lock (26 July 2019). The median overall survival (95% confidence interval) and 5-year survival rate were 16.3 (12.4–25.2) months and 14.3% in squamous patients, 17.1 (13.3–23.0) months and 19.4% in non-squamous patients and 17.1 (14.2–20.6) months and 17.8% in the pooled analysis, respectively. Programmed death ligand-1 expression tended to be greater among 5-year survivors than in non-survivors (P = 0.0703). Overall survival prolonged with increasing programmed death ligand-1 expression, with 5-year survival rates of 11.8, 21.8 and 41.7% in patients with programmed death ligand-1 expression of &lt;1, ≥1–&lt;50 and ≥50%, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events in ≥10% of patients (pooled analysis) included rash (15.3%), malaise (14.4%), decreased appetite (14.4%), pyrexia (14.4%) and nausea (10.8%).

Conclusions
Long-term survival with nivolumab was observed in patients with squamous or non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. No new safety signals were reported after ≥5 years of follow-up.
Dynamics of Equity Factor Returns and Asset Pricing
Authors: Stoyanov Stoyan V , Fabozzi Francesco A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn empirical equity asset pricing, the stochastic discount factor (SDF) is implicitly modeled as a linear function of equity factors and is influenced by the empirical properties of the factor returns. We investigate the pricing error introduced by a misspecified SDF which ignores each of the following established empirical phenomena: autocorrelation, dynamics of covariances, dynamics of correlations, and heavy tails for the conditional factor return distribution. We consider near-linear SDFs and nonlinear specifications characterized by a high degree of risk aversion. We find that assuming constant covariances or constant correlations can significantly overprice certain equity portfolios at all risk-aversion levels and that ignoring fat tails can lead to large pricing errors for some derivative assets for highly nonlinear SDFs.
Sand Fly (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) Population Dynamics and Natural Leishmania Infections in Attica Region, Greece
Authors: Giantsis Ioannis A , Beleri Stavroula , Balatsos Georgios , Karras Vasileios , Patsoula Eleni , Papachristos Dimitrios , Michaelakis Antonios , Chaskopoulou Alexandra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A 2-yr sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) seasonality study was performed in Attica Region, Greece, from June 2017 until November 2018, aiming also to detect the presence of Leishmania infection in the collected sand flies. In total, 701 sand flies were collected from urban areas within the Attica Region using BG-Sentinel traps, set weekly in eight fixed sites. Five species were identified morphologically and molecularly, namely Phlebotomus tobbi (Adler and Theodor), which was most the most commonly collected species, followed by P. Neglectus (Tonnoir), P. papatasi (Scopoli), P. simici (Theodor), and Sergentomyia minuta (Rondani). During both survey years sand fly populations peaked in late August to early September. Fifty-nine monospecific pools were examined for Leishmania detection by analyzing the ITS1 nuclear region using both RFLPs and sequencing, seven of which were found positive. Leishmania DNA was identified as L. infantum in six pools (five P. papatasi and one P. tobbi), whereas in one P. papatasi pool Leishmania DNA was identified as L. tropica. This is the first time that L. tropica has been detected in naturally infected sand flies from the Attica Region as well as in central Greece, while previously it has only been detected in sand flies collected from Central Macedonia (Northern Greece).
A Pediatric Infectious Diseases Perspective of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Children
Authors: Shane Andi L , Sato Alice I , Kao Carol , Adler-Shohet Felice C , Vora Surabhi B , Auletta Jeffery J , Nachman Sharon , Raabe Vanessa N , Inagaki Kengo , Akinboyo Ibukunoluwa C , Woods Charles , Alsulami Abdulsalam O , Kainth Mundeep K , Santos Roberto Parulan , Espinosa Claudia M , Burns Julianne E , Cunningham Coleen K , Dominguez Samuel R , Martinez Beatriz Larru , Zhu Frank , Crews Jonathan , Kitano Taito , Saiman Lisa , Kotloff Karen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the role that children play in the clinical burden and propagation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, is emerging. While the severe manifestations and acute clinical burden of COVID-19 have largely spared children compared with adults, understanding the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostics, management, and prevention opportunities and the social and behavioral impacts on child health is vital. Foremost is clarifying the contribution of asymptomatic and mild infections to transmission within the household and community and the clinical and epidemiologic significance of uncommon severe post-infectious complications. Here, we summarize the current knowledge, identify resources, and outline research opportunities. Pediatric infectious diseases clinicians have a unique opportunity to advocate for the inclusion of children in epidemiological, clinical, treatment, and prevention studies to optimize their care as well as to represent children in the development of guidance and policy during pandemic response.
The Medicago truncatula Yellow Stripe1-Like3 gene is involved in vascular delivery of transition metals to root nodules
Authors: Castro-Rodríguez Rosario , Abreu Isidro , Reguera María , Novoa-Aponte Lorena , Mijovilovich Ana , Escudero Viviana , Jiménez-Pastor Francisco J , Abadía Javier , Wen Jiangqi , Mysore Kirankumar S , Álvarez-Fernández Ana , Küpper Hendrik , Imperial Juan , González-Guerrero Manuel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation carried out in legume root nodules requires transition metals. These nutrients are delivered by the host plant to the endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria living within the nodule cells, a process in which vascular transport is essential. As members of the Yellow Stripe-Like (YSL) family of metal transporters are involved in root to shoot transport, they should also be required for root to nodule metal delivery. The genome of the model legume Medicago truncatula encodes eight YSL proteins, four of them with a high degree of similarity to Arabidopsis thaliana YSLs involved in long-distance metal trafficking. Among them, MtYSL3 is a plasma membrane protein expressed by vascular cells in roots and nodules and by cortical nodule cells. Reducing the expression level of this gene had no major effect on plant physiology when assimilable nitrogen was provided in the nutrient solution. However, nodule functioning was severely impaired, with a significant reduction of nitrogen fixation capabilities. Further, iron and zinc accumulation and distribution changed. Iron was retained in the apical region of the nodule, while zinc became strongly accumulated in the nodule veins in the ysl3 mutant. These data suggest a role for MtYSL3 in vascular delivery of iron and zinc to symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
Antifungal activity of deferiprone and EDTA against Sporothrix spp.: Effect on planktonic growth and biofilm formation
Authors: Brilhante Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira , Costa Anderson da Cunha , Pereira Vandbergue Santos , Fernandes Mirele Rodrigues , de Oliveira Jonathas Sales , Rodrigues Anderson Messias , Camargo Zoilo Pires , Pereira-Neto Waldemiro de Aquino , Sidrim José Júlio Costa , Rocha Marcos Fábio Gadelha 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The present study evaluated the antifungal activity of the chelators deferiprone (DFP) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and their effect on biofilm formation of the S. schenckii complex. Eighteen strains of Sporothrix spp. (seven S. brasiliensis, three S. globosa, three S. mexicana and five Sporothrix schenckii sensu stricto) were used. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for EDTA and DFP against filamentous forms of Sporothrix spp. ranged from 32 to 128 μg/ml. For antifungal drugs, MIC values ranged from 0.25 to 4 μg/ml for amphotericin B, from 0.25 to 4 μg/ml for itraconazole, and from 0.03 to 0.25 μg/ml for terbinafine. The chelators caused inhibition of Sporothrix spp. in yeast form at concentrations ranging from 16 to 64 μg/ml (for EDTA) and 8 to 32 μg/ml (for DFP). For antifungal drugs, MIC values observed against the yeast varied from 0.03 to 0.5 μg/ml for AMB, 0.03 to 1 μg/ml for ITC, and 0.03 to 0.13 μg/ml for TRB. Both DFP and EDTA presented synergistic interaction with antifungals against Sporothrix spp. in both filamentous and yeast form. Biofilms formed in the presence of the chelators (512 μg/ml) showed a reduction of 47% in biomass and 45% in metabolic activity. Our data reveal that DFP and EDTA reduced the growth of planktonic cells of Sporothrix spp., had synergistic interaction with antifungal drugs against this pathogen, and reduced biofilm formation of Sporothrix spp.
Future challenges and chances in the diagnosis and management of invasive mould infections in cancer patients
Authors: Vehreschild Jörg Janne , Koehler Philipp , Lamoth Frédéric , Prattes Juergen , Rieger Christina , Rijnders Bart J A , Teschner Daniel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiagnosis, treatment, and management of invasive mould infections (IMI) are challenged by several risk factors, including local epidemiological characteristics, the emergence of fungal resistance and the innate resistance of emerging pathogens, the use of new immunosuppressants, as well as off-target effects of new oncological drugs. The presence of specific host genetic variants and the patient's immune system status may also influence the establishment of an IMI and the outcome of its therapy. Immunological components can thus be expected to play a pivotal role not only in the risk assessment and diagnosis, but also in the treatment of IMI. Cytokines could improve the reliability of an invasive aspergillosis diagnosis by serving as biomarkers as do serological and molecular assays, since they can be easily measured, and the turnaround time is short. The use of immunological markers in the assessment of treatment response could be helpful to reduce overtreatment in high risk patients and allow prompt escalation of antifungal treatment. Mould-active prophylaxis could be better targeted to individual host needs, leading to a targeted prophylaxis in patients with known immunological profiles associated with high susceptibility for IMI, in particular invasive aspergillosis. The alteration of cellular antifungal immune response through oncological drugs and immunosuppressants heavily influences the outcome and may be even more important than the choice of the antifungal treatment. There is a need for the development of new antifungal strategies, including individualized approaches for prevention and treatment of IMI that consider genetic traits of the patients.Lay AbstractAnticancer and immunosuppressive drugs may alter the ability of the immune system to fight invasive mould infections and may be more important than the choice of the antifungal treatment. Individualized approaches for prevention and treatment of invasive mold infections are needed.
Simulating gas kinematic studies of high-redshift galaxies with the HARMONI integral field spectrograph
Authors: Richardson Mark L A , Routledge Laurence , Thatte Niranjan , Tecza Matthias , Houghton Ryan C W , Pereira-Santaella Miguel , Rigopoulou Dimitra 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We present simulated observations of gas kinematics in a galaxy formed in a 10 pc resolution cosmological simulation with the hydrodynamical + N-body code ramses, using the new ramses2hsim pipeline with the simulated observing pipeline (hsim) for the Extremely Large Telescope High Angular Resolution Monolithic Optical and Near-infrared Integral field spectrograph (HARMONI IFS). We post-process the galaxy's gas kinematics and Hα line emission for each simulation cell, and integrate the emission to produce an extinction-corrected input cube. We then simulate observations of the input cube with HARMONI, for a range of exposure times, spatial sampling, and spectral resolution. We analyse the mock observations to recover galaxy properties such as its kinematics and compare with the known simulation values. We investigate the cause of biases between the ‘real’ and ‘observed’ kinematic values, demonstrating the sensitivity of the inferred rotation curve to knowledge of the instrument’s point spread function.
HP Cet and Swift J0820.6–2805: two candidate intermediate polars observed by XMM–Newton
Authors: Nucita A A , De Paolis F , Strafella F , Licchelli D 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We report on the XMM–Newton observation of HP Cet and Swift J0820.6–2805, two X-ray photon sources that are candidates to be members of the intermediate polar class of cataclysmic variables. If the historical optical light curve of HP Cet shows a periodic feature at ≃96 min, a clear identification of such a signature in the high energy band (apart for a variability on a time-scale of ≃8 min as detected by the ROSAT satellite) is lacking. By using XMM–Newton archive data, we clearly identify a feature (at ≃88 min) which is marginally consistent with one of the binary system orbital periods reported in the literature. We also found a signature of a periodic features on the time-scale of ≃5.6 min. In the case of Swift J0820.6–2805, the intermediate polar nature was previously unclear and the orbital and the white dwarf spin periods were unknown. Here, the 0.3–10 keV data undoubtedly reveal an orbital period and a white dwarf spin of ≃87.5 and ≃27.9 min, respectively. The spectral analysis showed that both HP Cet and Swift J0820.6–280 are members of the underluminous IP subclass since their luminosity in the 0.3–10 keV band is estimated to be ≃5 × 1030 and ≃3.8 × 1029 erg s−1, respectively.
The globular cluster system mass–halo mass relation in the E-MOSAICS simulations
Authors: Bastian Nate , Pfeffer Joel , Kruijssen J M Diederik , Crain Robert A , Trujillo-Gomez Sebastian , Reina-Campos Marta 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Linking globular clusters (GCs) to the assembly of their host galaxies is an overarching goal in GC studies. The inference of tight scaling relations between GC system properties and the mass of both the stellar and dark halo components of their host galaxies are indicative of an intimate physical connection, yet have also raised fundamental questions about how and when GCs form. Specifically, the inferred correlation between the mass of a GC system (MGC) and the dark matter halo mass (Mhalo) of a galaxy has been posited as a consequence of a causal relation between the formation of dark matter mini-haloes and GC formation during the early epochs of galaxy assembly. We present the first results from a new simulation of a cosmological volume (L = 34.4 cMpc on a side) from the E-MOSAICS suite, which includes treatments of the formation and evolution of GCs within the framework of a detailed galaxy formation model. The simulated MGC–Mhalo relation is linear for halo masses &gt;5 × 1011 M⊙, and is driven by the hierarchical assembly of galaxies. Below this halo mass, the simulated relation features a downturn, which we show is consistent with observations, and is driven by the underlying stellar mass–halo mass relation of galaxies. Our fiducial model reproduces the observed MGC–M⋆ relation across the full mass range, which we argue is more physically relevant than the MGC–Mhalo relation. We also explore the physical processes driving the observed constant value of $\hbox{$M_{\rm GC}$}/ \hbox{$M_{\rm halo}$}\sim 5\times 10^{-5}$ and find that it is the result of a combination of cluster formation physics and cluster disruption.
Bow shocks, nova shells, disc winds and tilted discs: the nova-like V341 Ara has it all
Authors: Castro Segura N , Knigge C , Acosta-Pulido J A , Altamirano D , del Palacio S , Hernandez Santisteban J V , Pahari M , Rodriguez-Gil P , Belardi C , Buckley D A H , Burleigh M R , Childress M , Fender R P , Hewitt D M , James D J , Kuhn R B , Kuin N P M , Pepper J , Ponomareva A A , Pretorius M L , Rodríguez J E , Stassun K G , Williams D R A , Woudt P A 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
V341 Ara was recently recognized as one of the closest (d ≃ 150 pc) and brightest (V ≃ 10) nova-like cataclysmic variables. This unique system is surrounded by a bright emission nebula, likely to be the remnant of a recent nova eruption. Embedded within this nebula is a prominent bow shock, where the system’s accretion disc wind runs into its own nova shell. In order to establish its fundamental properties, we present the first comprehensive multiwavelength study of the system. Long-term photometry reveals quasi-periodic, super-orbital variations with a characteristic time-scale of 10–16 d and typical amplitude of ≃1 mag. High-cadence photometry from theTransiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) reveals for the first time both the orbital period and a ‘negative superhump’ period. The latter is usually interpreted as the signature of a tilted accretion disc. We propose a recently developed disc instability model as a plausible explanation for the photometric behaviour. In our spectroscopic data, we clearly detect antiphased absorption and emission-line components. Their radial velocities suggest a high mass ratio, which in turn implies an unusually low white-dwarf mass. We also constrain the wind mass-loss rate of the system from the spatially resolved [O iii] emission produced in the bow shock; this can be used to test and calibrate accretion disc wind models. We suggest a possible association between V341 Ara and a ‘guest star’ mentioned in Chinese historical records in AD 1240. If this marks the date of the system’s nova eruption, V341 Ara would be the oldest recovered nova of its class and an excellent laboratory for testing nova theory.
Recovering variable stars in large surveys: EAup Algol-type class in the Catalina Survey
Authors: Carmo A , Ferreira Lopes C E , Papageorgiou A , Jablonski F J , Rodrigues C V , Drake A J , Cross N J G , Catelan M 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
The discovery and characterization of Algol eclipsing binaries (EAs) provide an opportunity to contribute for a better picture of the structure and evolution of low-mass stars. However, the cadence of most current photometric surveys hinders the detection of EAs since the separation between observations is usually larger than the eclipse(s) duration and hence few measurements are found at the eclipses. Even when those objects are detected as variable, their periods can be missed if an appropriate oversampling factor is not used in the search tools. In this paper, we apply this approach to find the periods of stars catalogued in the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey (CRTS) as EAs having unknown period (EAup). As a result, the periods of ${\sim} 56{\rm {per \, cent}}$ of them were determined. Eight objects were identified as low-mass binary systems and modelled with the Wilson & Devinney synthesis code combined with a Markov chain Monte Carlo optimization procedure. The computed masses and radii are in agreement with theoretical models and show no evidence of inflated radii. This paper is the first of a series aiming to identify suspected binary systems in large surveys.
A 4 per cent measurement of H0 using the cumulative distribution of strong lensing time delays in doubly imaged quasars
Authors: Harvey David 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
In the advent of large-scale surveys, individually modelling strong gravitational lenses and their counterpart time delays in order to precisely measure H0 will become computationally expensive and highly complex. A complimentary approach is to study the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of time delays where the global population of lenses is modelled along with H0. In this paper, we use a suite of hydrodynamical simulations to estimate the CDF of time delays from doubly imaged quasars for a realistic distribution of lenses. We find that the CDFs exhibit large amounts of halo–halo variance, regulated by the density profile inner slope and the total mass within 5 kpc. With the objective of fitting to data, we compress the CDFs using principal component analysis and fit a Gaussian processes regressor consisting of three physical features: the redshift of the lens, $z$L; the power-law index of the halo, α, and the mass within 5 kpc, plus four cosmological features. Assuming a flat Universe, we fit our model to 27 doubly imaged quasars finding $H_0=71^{+2}_{-3}$ km s−1 Mpc−1, $z_{\rm L}= 0.36_{-0.09}^{+0.2}$, $\alpha =-1.8_{-0.1}^{+0.1}$, log (M(&lt; 5 kpc$)/M_\odot)=11.1_{-0.1}^{+0.1}$, $\Omega _{\rm M} = 0.3_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$, and $\Omega _{\rm \Lambda }=0.7_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$. We compare our estimates of $z$L and log (M(&lt; 5 kpc)/M⊙) to the data and find that within the sensitivity of the data, they are not systematically biased. We generate mock CDFs and find with that the Vera Rubin Observatory (VRO) could measure σ/H0 to ${\lt}3{\rm {per \, cent}}$, limited by the precision of the model. If we are to exploit fully VRO, we require simulations that sample a larger proportion of the lens population, with a variety of feedback models, exploring all possible systematics.