bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intranasal midazolam versus intranasal ketamine as premedication in paediatric patients: A comparative study
Authors: Naz Anjum , Chakraverty Prithviraj , Roy Saurabh 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to compare the efficacy of intranasal midazolam and ketamine as premedication before anaesthesia in paediatric patients.Sixty pediatric patients scheduled for surgery between the age group of 2-8 years and belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II were selected for the study. Group A received midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) and Group B received ketamine (5 mg/kg), intranasally 30 minutes before surgery with monitored anesthesia care. Sedation score, parenteral separation reaction, intravenous cannula acceptance, mask acceptance, and hemodynamic parameters were measured.Patients of both the groups were calm and tranquil, but sedation scores were higher in the ketamine group (3.37±0.67) in comparison to midazolam group (2.60±0.67) at 30 minutes. Parenteral separation was easier in ketamine group compared to midazolam group with a significantly higher separation reaction scores (p&#60;0.05). Venous cannulation and face mask acceptance was also better in the ketamine group with a significantly higher percentage of patients with satisfactory venous cannulation and face mask acceptance (p&#60;0.05). Non-invasive blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate were maintained in both the groups throughout the study period, however tachycardia was observed in the ketamine group.Administration of the drug through the nasal route is an effective way for paediatric premedication. Both midazolam and ketamine gave a good level of sedation, however, level of sedation, venipuncture acceptance, and face mask acceptance were signiﬁcantly better in the ketamine group. No adverse effects of the premedication drugs were observed in any of the groups.
Erector spinae plane block OR modified pectoralis block for postoperative analgesia after modified radical mastectomy: Which is better ???
Authors: Pathania Anshit Abhi , Mahajan Shweta , Khanoria Rita 
Published: September 2020

Finding the best analgesic technique for breast surgeries has always been a matter of great concern. Stable intraoperative hemodynamics and comfortable postoperative patient is what every anesthesiologist aspire of. The benefits of using regional blocks for postoperative analgesia is well known. Hence we intended to study the analgesic efficacy of two of the most latest blocks, used for breast surgeries, the PECS block and the ESP block. The prospective open label study was conducted in 59 ASA 1, 2 patients, planned for Modified Radical Mastectomy(MRM) under general anesthesia. After approval from institution scientific and research committee, and obtaining written informed consent, the patients were randomly divided into two groups(P and E). Group P(N=30), received ultrasound guided modified PEC block with 30ml of 0.25% levobupivacaine. Group E(N=29) received ultrasound guided ESP block with 30 ml of 0.25% levobupivacaine. General anesthesia was then administered in both the groups. The intraoperative hemodynamics, duration of analgesia, VAS score, number of rescue analgesia, patients satisfaction, safety and side effects were noted and compared between the two groups. The mean VAS score at 24 hours was 4.11 ± 0.629 in group P and the mean VAS score at 24 hours post operatively was 3.69 ± 0.679 in group E, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.024). Both PECS and ESP block can be used efficaciously for providing analgesia for MRM surgeries, with ESP block providing longer duration of pain free postoperative period, without any noted side effects and technical difficulties.
Anaesthetic considerations in paediatric klippel feil syndrome- A case report
Authors: Dhiman Shweta , Sharma Kavita Rani 
Published: September 2020

Klippel feil syndrome is a rare skeletal disorder primarily characterized by abnormal union or fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae which is often associated with cervical canal stenosis. This results in a short neck, a low hairline at the back of the head, a limited range of motion in the neck and infrequently an atlanto- axial instability. Here we report a case of type 3 paediatric Klippel Feil syndrome who underwent Sprengel deformity repair in prone position and its anesthetic implications.A careful assessment of airway and an algorithmic approach towards management is needed in children with KFS. The various spine deformities associated with KFS demand careful positioning and a reconfirmation of appropriate ETT position, airway pressures and lung compliance is recommended in these children.
Comparative evaluation of post-operative pain with different calcium hydroxide formulations when used as intracanal medicament in root canal treatment- In vivo study
Authors: Thakur Divyangana , Makkar Sameer , Aggarwal, Anurag , Mushtaq Farheen , Mushtaq Uzma 
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to compare to evaluate the post operative pain with different calcium hydroxide formulations when used as intracanal medicament in root canal which was evaluated by VAS scale.The 150 subjects were randomly assigned to four groups and one control group depending upon the intracanal medicament: Group 1: Calcium hydroxide paste (Ivoclar) was used as intracanal medicament, Group 2: Calcium hydroxide paste with iodoform (Metapex) was used as intracanal medicament, Group 3: Calcium hydroxide points (Hygenic) was used as intracanal medicament, Group 4: Calcium hydroxide paste using chitosan (0.2%) as vehicle was used as intracanal medicament, Group 5: Control group containing dry sterile cotton. The incidence and intensity of preoperative pain and experienced post operative pain (on 6, 12, 24 hour and 48 hour) after first visit of treatment were assessed according to patient’s recordings in visual analogue scale.The medicament causing least operative pain are ranked according to superiority as Calcium hydroxide paste &#62; Calcium hydroxide points &#62; Calcium hydroxide with chitosan &#62; calcium hydroxide with iodoformAt 6 postoperative hour, least post operative pain was recorded by the calcium hydroxide points and high post operative pain in calcium hydroxide with iodine (Metapex). At 12th, 24th, 48 postoperative hour least post operative pain was recorded by calcium hydroxide paste (Apexcal).
ISOTERMAS DE ADSORÇÃO DE ÍONS CÁLCIO (Ca+2) EM MATERIAIS CELULÓSICOS
Authors: Silva Brunela Pereira da , Botelho Lorenna Almeida , Neto Abelardo Barreto de Mendonça , Sousa Rita de Cássia Superbi de , Bellato Carlos Roberto , Silva Deusanilde de Jesus 
Published: September 2020

A água a ser utilizada em processos industriais demanda um tratamento e qualidade diferenciados. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar o uso de três materiais celulósicos para abrandamento da água, sendo duas celuloses microcristalinas com granulometrias diferentes (CMC101 e CMC500) e a polpa Kraft de Eucalyptus branqueada. Realizou-se um estudo cinético para a obtenção de parâmetros otimizados, e determinaram-se isotermas de adsorção, utilizando diferentes concentrações de cálcio e assumindo três diferentes níveis de pH. A partir dos resultados, pode-se observar que o modelo cinético de pseudo-segunda ordem apresentou o melhor coeficiente de correlação e o modelo de isoterma Freundilch apresentou melhor ajuste aos dados experimentais, sendo a maior adsorção no nível de pH 7,0 para os três materiais, em que as amostras de CMC adsorveram mais significativamente que a polpa. Conclui-se então que o objetivo foi alcançado
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Test of Leaf Extract of Canar Susu (Smilax macrocarpa Blume) Against Eschercihia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Khumaisah Lela Lailatul , Anggraeni Vina Juliana , Fareza Muhamad Salman 
Published: September 2020

Smilax is one of the genus Smilacaceae is widely used as a medicinal plant because it contains various secondary metabolites with some bioactivity, such as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial. One species of Smilax that has not been studied and only grew in Indonesia is Smilax macrocarpa Blume (canar susu). Therefore, a preliminary study of phytochemicals and biological activities is required to encourage progress and novelty in science and to know its phylogenetics in Indonesia's biodiversity. The research was done by extraction method using maceration with methanol as a solvent. Simplicia characteristic, toxicity test with BSLT method, phytochemical screening according to Harborne method, and antibacterial activity test using microdilution against including Escherihia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were performed to leaf extract of canar susu. The results obtained that methanol extract of canar susu leaves contains alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and glycosides. Water content, ash content, acid-soluble ash content, water sari content, and alcohol sari concentration 8.74%; 3.60%; 0.11%; 19.01% and 5.40% respectively. Toxicity results obtained LC50 680.07 ppm. Antibacterial activity test against E. coli has MIC 625 ppm, whereas in P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 are 1.250 ppm. The MBC values for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 were 5,000 ppm. Based on this result known S. macrocarpa Blume is not potential as antibacterial, but potential as biopesticide according to toxicity result.
Chlorophyll-a Distribution and Its Relation with Current Pattern in Northern Waters of Central Java
Authors: Shabrina Bella , Maslukah Lilik , Yulina Sri 
Published: September 2020

Water fertility will determine the ammount of aquatic biotas (especially fish) that can live in the area. The high concentration of chlorophyll-a will show that water productivity in the area is high and fertile. The availability of chlorophyll-a in the waters is affected by oceanographic condition. One of them is the current pattern. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of chlorophyll-a spatially and temporally and its relation with current patterns in the northern waters of Central Java. The data that used in this research includes: chlorophyll-a data that obtained from level III Aqua MODIS imagery, current model data was obtained from MyOcean.eu, rainfall data, and sea surface temperature data that also obtained from Aqua MODIS satellite imagery. Sampling was done by purpossive sampling method. Distribution of chlorophyll-a that happened in Norrthern Waters of Central Java fluctuates every month. The largest concentration of chlorophyll-a was located close to the coastal area. The largest concentration of chlorophyll-a happened in June 2015 and 2016. Current pattern that happened in 2015 – 2016 changed every month and it was affecting the distribution of chlorophyll-a. However, the distribution of chlorophyll-a was not fully affected by the current pattern. There were several other factors such as river runoff and intensity of sunlight that could affect the chlorophyll-a distribution. Keywords : Chlorophyll-a, Phytoplankton, Current, Wind, Moonsoon
Rancangan Alat Bantu Latihan Footwork Bulutangkis Berbasis Teknologi Microcontroller
Authors: Ngadiman Ngadiman , Kusuma Indra Jati , Widhi Nugraha Aziz Wishnu 
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang alat bantu latihan footwork pada permainan bulutangkis berbasis teknologi microcontrolle. Desain penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development) ini terdiri dari tahapan-tahapan rancangan desain produk, validasi desain, perbaikan desain, pembuatan produk, uji coba produk, revisi produk, serta ujicoba pemakaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat ini dapat berfungsi sebagai alat bantu pelatih untuk memandu atlit dalam melaksanakan latihan footwork. Alat ini akan menampilkan lokasi target yang harus dicapai oleh atlit pada satu saat melalui lampu display. Alat ini dapat dioperasikan baik dalam model manual maupun model otomatis, serta dapat berfungsi sebagai alat ukur tingkat keberhasilan seorang atlit dalam memenuhi target latihan. Keunggulan alat bantu ini adalah mampu mengukur tingkat keberhasilan atlit dalam menjalani setiap set latihan dan dapat disesuaikan tingkat kesulitan sesuai kebutuhan. Tingkat kesulitah latihan menguunakann alat ini dapat divariasikan berdasarkan parameter waktu latihan, berdasar jumlah langkah pada setiap set latihan, atau parameter jarak langkah melalui penempatan lokasi sensor target di lapangan. Setelah melalui uji validitas oleh para pakar (expert judment) dapat disimpulkan bahwa rancangan alat bantu ini dapat digunakan untuk membantu latihan footwork bulutangkis dengan baik.
Silver Nanoparticles and their Role in Gene Expression of Motility Gene motB and Repression of AI-2-Controlled Gene
Authors: Mahmood Bassam Shaker 
Published: September 2020

Antibiotic resistance is the capability of the strains to resist or protect themselves from the effects of an antibiotic. Such a resistance towards the current antimicrobials leads to the search of novel antimicrobials. Nanotechnology has been promising in different field of science and among it is the use of nanoparticles as antibacterial agents. The gastrointestinal tract seems to be the primary reservoir of uropathogenic E.coli (UPEC) in humans. UPEC strains harbour the urinary tract and cause urinary tract infection. They cause serious ailments in terms of humans. They develop resistance and increase their virulence by forming biofilms. They also show a remarkable locomotory movement with the aid of autoinducer controlled genes (AI-2).
The present study is designed to investigate the expression levels of the AI-2 controlled genes and the motility genes in the presence of nanomaterials. RT PCR amplification together with the antibacterial and motility studies were done to compare the significant effect of silver nanoparticles on the pathogen. S-adenosylmethionine assay was also done to confirm the role of the treatment on the repression of the AI-2 genes.
The results showed silver nanoparticles have significant effect on the motility studies. The relative expression and repression of motB gene was under the control of AI-2 kinase protein. This confirms the possible role of the nanoparticles towards the pathogen UPEC. There was also an inhibition on the biofilm formation under the effect of the nanoparticle treatment. The study concludes that the silver nanoparticles could be used as a novel antibacterial agent against the UPEC strains and thereby inhibits the antibacterial resistance.
Modified BFGS Update (H-Version) Based on the Determinant Property of Inverse of Hessian Matrix for Unconstrained Optimization
Authors: Mahmood Saad Shakir 
Published: September 2020

The study presents the modification of the Broyden-Flecher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) update (H-Version) based on the determinant property of inverse of Hessian matrix (second derivative of the objective function), via updating of the vector s ( the difference between the next solution and the current solution), such that the determinant of the next inverse of Hessian matrix is equal to the determinant of the current inverse of Hessian matrix at every iteration. Moreover, the sequence of inverse of Hessian matrix generated by the method would never approach a near-singular matrix, such that the program would never break before the minimum value of the objective function is obtained. Moreover, the new modification of BFGS update (H-version) preserves the symmetric property and the positive definite property without any condition.
Radiological Impact Assessment of Farm Soils and Ofada rice (Oryza sativa japonica) from Three Areas in Nigeria
Authors: Alausa Shamsideen K. , Adeyeloja Bayo , Odunaike Kola 
Published: September 2020

Oryza sativa japonica (ofada rice) is largely grown in Aramoko, Abakaliki and Ofada are communities and consumed by both the poor and rich in Nigeria. A total of twenty ofada rice farmlands were identified in each study area and rice samples were randomly collected, thoroughly mixed to make a representative sample from each farmland. Soil samples were collected in each farm to a depth of 5-15cm from at least eight different points and thoroughly mixed together to form a representative sample. The samples were thereafter taken to the laboratory for preparation and spectroscopic analysis. A well-calibrated NaI(Tl) gamma-ray detector was used in spectrometric analysis of the samples and descriptive statistics was used to analyze the results.
The respective mean 40K, 238U and 232Th activity concentrations in the rice were 261.8±52.5Bq/kg, 9.6±1.2Bq/kg and 8.7±1.0Bq/kg (Ofada); 257.3±39.0Bq/kg, 9.3±1.1Bq/kg and 7.8±1.8Bq/kg (Abakaliki); and 248.2±54.8Bq/kg, 9.3±0.9Bq/kg and 7.6±1.5Bq/kg (Aramoko). The respective mean 40K, 238U and 232Th activity concentrations in the soils were 333.9±62.8Bq/kg, 11.1±1.1Bq/kg and 11.0±1.4Bq/kg (Ofada); 306.8±36.0Bq/kg, 10.7±0.8Bq/kg and 9.4±1.8 Bq/kg (Abakaliki) and 321.8±42.4Bq/kg, 10.9±0.5Bq/kg and 9.5±0.6Bq/kg (Aramoko). The highest mean ingestion dose of 106.0±8.0µSv/y and outdoor effective dose of 32.4±3.40µSv/y were recorded in Ofada community. The highest mean ingestion cancer risk of (0.33±0.004) x10-3was recorded in Aramoko. The results indicated significantly lower radionuclide ingestion dose than the world limit value of 290µSv/y and lower cancer risks than the UNSCEAR recommended limit of 0.29x10-3, therefore consumption of ofada rice from the areas may not pose any serious health impact.
Immunosenescence profile and expression of the aging biomarker (p16INK4a) in testicular cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy.
Authors: Bourlon Maria Teresa , Velazquez Hugo E , Hinojosa Juan , Orozco Luis , Rios-Corzo Ricardo , Lima Guadalupe , Llorente Luis , Hernandez-Ramirez Diego F , Valentin-Cortez Francisco J , Medina-Rangel Irene , Atisha-Fregoso Yemil 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Cytotoxic chemotherapy can cure advanced germ cell tumors. Nevertheless, cancer treatment may induce cellular senescence and accelerate molecular aging. The aging process implies an increase of cells expressing p16INK4a and changes in lymphocyte subpopulations. Our aim was to study the potential induction of premature immunosenescence in testicular cancer survivors (TCS) exposed to chemotherapy. Methods: Case-control exploratory study of TCS treated with chemotherapy (³3 BEP cycles, disease-free ³3 months) compared with age matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. CDKN2A/p16INK4a expression in T cells was measured using qPCR. The percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations and the CDKN2A/p16INK4a expression in TCS were compared with the control group using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: We included 16 cases and 16 controls. The median age was 27 years (minimum 24, maximum 54) and the median time on surveillance was 26.5 months (minimum 3, maximum192). TCS had a lower percentage of total T cells and CD4+ T cells in total lymphocytes. Among the CD4+ T lymphocytes, TCS had less naïve CD4+ and increased memory CD4+ cells. Within the CD8+ T lymphocytes, TCS exhibited a decrease in the percentage of naïve cells and an increase in CD8+CD45RA+CD57+ cells. TCS also exhibited decreased memory CD19+ B cells compared to the controls. The relative expression of CDKN2A/p16INK4a in T cells was increased in TCS (mean 1.54; 95% CI of the mean: 1.074-2.005; p=0.048).Conclusion: In this exploratory study, TCS showed increased expression of CDKN2A/p16INK4a and a lymphocyte phenotype that has been associated with immunosenescence. Further studies are warranted to define the clinical implications of these alterations in TCS.
Cytokeratin-positive cells in the bone marrow from patients with pancreatic, periampullary malignancy and benign pancreatic disease show no prognostic information
Authors: Hugenschmidt Harald , Labori Knut Jørgen , Brunborg Cathrine , Verbeke Caroline Sophie , Seeberg Lars Thomas , Schirmer Cecilie Bendigtsen , Renolen Anne , Borgen Elin , Naume Bjørn , Wiedswang Gro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma are aggressive tumours where preoperative assessment is challenging. Disseminated tumour cells (DTC) in the bone marrow (BM) are associated with impaired prognosis in a variety of epithelial cancers. In a cohort of patients with presumed resectable pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma, we evaluated the frequency and the potential prognostic impact of the preoperative presence of DTC, defined as cytokeratin-positive cells detected by immunocytochemistry (ICC).Methods: Preoperative BMsamples from 242 patients selected for surgical resection of presumed resectable pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma from 09/2009 to 12/2014, were analysed for presence of CK-positive cells by ICC. The median observation time was 21.5 months. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis.Results: Successful resections of malignant tumours were performed in 179 of the cases, 30 patients resected had benign pancreatic disease based on postoperative histology, and 33 were deemed inoperable intraoperatively due to advanced disease. Overall survival for patients with resected carcinoma was 21.1 months (95% CI: 18.0-24.1), for those with benign disease OS was 101 months (95% CI: 69.4-132) and for those with advanced disease OS was 8.8 months (95% CI: 4.3-13.3). The frequency of CK-positive cells was 6/168 (3.6%) in resected malignant cases, 2/31 (6.5%) in advanced disease and 4/29 (13.8%) in benign disease. The presence of CK-positive cells was not correlated to OS or DFS, neither in the entire cohort nor in the subgroup negative for circulating tumour cells (CTC). Conclusions: The results indicate that CK-positive cells may be present in both patients with malignant and benign diseases of the pancreas. Detection of CK-positive cells was not associated with differences in prognosis for the entire cohort or any of the subgroups analysed.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01919151)
Risk factors for severity of thrombocytopenia in full term infants: a single center study
Authors: Saber Amira M , Aziz Shereen P , Almasry Al Zahraa E , Mahmoud Ramadan A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal thrombocytopenia (NT) (platelet count <150 x 109/L) is a common finding in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, rick factors, and outcomes of severe NT in full term (FT) infants.Methods: During the study period, all FT infants who met the inclusion criteria for NT on two occasions were included. Maternal data, such as maternal age, weight, gestational age, mode of delivery, and history of systemic diseases, including diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, systemic lupus erythematosus, and immune thrombocytopenic purpura, were recorded. Furthermore, neonatal data, such as gender, neonatal weight, causes/duration of admission, types of respiratory support used, complete blood count measurements, and outcomes for neonates admitted to the NICU, were recorded.Results: In total, 55 FT infants with NT met the inclusion criteria, and 29 (52.73%) cases had severe NT. The most common cause of NT was neonatal sepsis (20 cases, 36.35%), followed by a postoperative state (5 cases, 9.09%). Moreover, in cases of positive blood cultures, the most commonly isolated organism was Escherichia coli (6 cases, 10.90%), followed by Klebsiella (5 cases, 9.09%). Cases of severe NT needed more platelet transfusions (P=0.001) and had higher rates of mortality (P=0.001) when compared to cases of mild/moderate NT associated with signs of bleeding and pulmonary/intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (P=0.001).Conclusion: Severe NT occurred in 52.73% of cases. The most common cause of NT was neonatal sepsis, followed by a postoperative state. Furthermore, severe NT, when compared to mild/moderate NT associated with signs of bleeding and pulmonary/IVH, needed more platelet transfusions and had increased mortality.