bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of cation exchange filament for 3D membrane print
Authors: Zarybnicka Lucie , Stranska Eliska 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the preparation of a cation exchange filament for three-dimensional (3D) fused deposition modeling (FDM). The polymeric binder was mixed with the selected conventional cation exchange resin and a filament was prepared using a mini extruder. Filaments were tested by mechanical properties, chemical properties, quality and melt flow index. Samples were prepared from granulate using a press, which were tested for electrochemical properties, thermal properties. The best result of ion exchange capacity (IEC) up to 3.0 meq/g of the dry matter was achieved with filament fill 65%. Permselectivity results above 90% were determined for 55%–65% filling of the cation exchanger. The results obtained are a promising step for the preparation of 3D printed cation exchange membranes (CEMs) with a defined structure.

Design/methodology/approach
The prepared granulates and filaments were evaluated using mechanical, rheological and thermal properties.

Findings
The prepared cation exchange filament can be used for the 3D printing process. The best result of IEC up to 3.0 meq/g of the dry matter was achieved with filament fill 65%. Permselectivity results above 90% were determined for 55%–65% filling of the cation exchanger, and area resistances 3.0 Ocm2 and specific resistances around 57 Ocm for 65% filling of the cation exchanger. The results obtained are a promising step for the preparation of 3D printed CEMs with a defined structure.

Originality/value
The prepared cation exchange filament. Using new materials for 3D print of cation exchange membrane. Production without waste. The possibility of producing 3D membranes with a precisely defined structure. Processing prepared filaments using a cheap FDM 3D printing method. New direction of membrane formation.
Yoga as an intervention for older peoples mental health: a literature review
Authors: Belam Georgia 
Published: July 2020

PurposeYoga practice has become increasingly popular around the world for the benefits it can bring for physical and mental health. However, little research has been done regarding the use of yoga as a therapy for elderly people with mental health problems. This literature review will therefore attempt to answer the questions: what research has been done to look into the use of yoga as therapy for elderly people with a diagnosis of mental health problems, what does this research show and what future directions may this work take in the future.Design/methodology/approachThe review describes four research studies that have been done looking at the use of yoga as an intervention in older people with diagnosed mental health problems and one upcoming larger study.FindingsTherefore, it is shown that the research in this area is so far still in its infancy, but that yoga has potential to be a useful potential treatment for older people with mental health problems.Originality/valueAs with all research into treatments for mental health problems, involvement of patients and their carers will be vital to ensure that the direction of the research is one that will be valuable, and that the traditions of yoga that have been of so much benefit to so many can be used to help a group of people who are often vulnerable and who sometimes do not receive all the treatment that they deserve.
Effects of a standardized community health worker intervention on hospitalization among disadvantaged patients with multiple chronic conditions: A pooled analysis of three clinical trials
Authors: Vasan Aditi , Morgan John W. , Mitra Nandita , Xu Chang , Long Judith A. , Asch David A. , Kangovi Shreya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the effects of a standardized community health worker (CHW) intervention on hospitalization.Data Sources/Study SettingPooled data from three randomized clinical trials (n = 1340) conducted between 2011 and 2016.Study DesignThe trials in this pooled analysis were conducted across diseases and settings, with a common study design, intervention, and outcome measures. Participants were patients living in high‐poverty regions of Philadelphia and were predominantly Medicaid insured. They were randomly assigned to receive usual care versus IMPaCT, an intervention in which CHWs provide tailored social support, health behavior coaching, connection with resources, and health system navigation. Trial one (n = 446) tested two weeks of IMPaCT among hospitalized general medical patients. Trial two (n = 302) tested six months of IMPaCT among outpatients at two academic primary care clinics. Trial three (n = 592) tested six months of IMPaCT among outpatients at academic, Veterans Affairs (VA), and Federally Qualified Health Center primary care practices.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsThe primary outcome for this study was all‐cause hospitalization, as measured by total number of hospital days per patient. Hospitalization data were collected from statewide or VA databases at 30 days postenrollment in Trial 1, twelve months postenrollment in Trial 2, and nine months postenrollment in Trial 3.Principal FindingsOver 9398 observed patient months, the total number of hospital days per patient in the intervention group was 66 percent of the total in the control group (849 days for 674 intervention patients vs 1258 days for 660 control patients, incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.66, P < .0001). This reduction was driven by fewer hospitalizations per patient (0.27 vs 0.34, P < .0001) and shorter mean length of stay (4.72 vs 5.57 days, P = .03). The intervention also decreased rates of hospitalization outside patients' primary health system (18.8 percent vs 34.8 percent, P = .0023).ConclusionsData from three randomized clinical trials across multiple settings show that a standardized CHW intervention reduced total hospital days and hospitalizations outside the primary health system. This is the largest analysis of randomized trials to demonstrate reductions in hospitalization with a health system‐based social intervention.
Processional walking: Theorising the ‘place’ of movement in notions of dwelling
Authors: Platt Louise , Medway Dominic , Steadman Chloe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article rethinks dwelling as an active and emergent process through which (re)connections to place are valorised by humans collectively walking with each other in a recursive manner. We revisit Heidegger's notion of dwelling, often criticised for perpetuating enclosure and stasis, by revealing the interconnections between dwelling and movement. Drawing on a two‐century old religious procession—the Manchester and Salford Whit Walks—as an empirical example, our interpretive analysis is centred around three themes. First, we demonstrate how dwelling becomes embodied in performative and collective movement. Second, we examine how dwelling in this context is reinforced through repetition and iteration of that movement. Third, we show how such movement is reliant on repair and maintenance work, which facilitates the (re)emergence of dwelling. We contribute, therefore, empirical insights into how dwelling emerges from a movement through place which, in turn, cements a being in place. Finally, this article has important implications for thinking about how the movement of citizens through processional forms of walking can be a powerful tool for underpinning feelings of dwelling and related concepts of sense of place and civic pride.
Flash flood simulation and valve behavior of Mytilus galloprovincialis measured with Hall sensors
Authors: ADDIS Piero , ANGIONI Alberto , PASQUINI Viviana , GIGLIOLI Angelica , ANDREOTTI Valeria , CARBONI Stefano , SECCI Marco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMussels close their shell as a protective strategy and the quantification of this behavioral marker may represent an alarm signal when they are exposed to environmental stressors. In the present study, we investigated the ability of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to recover and then the resilience or inertia of valve activity after a pulsing exposition to diverse levels of salinity (5, 10, 20, and 35 PSU as reference value). The trial simulated an event of drastic and sudden reduction of seawater salinity thus mimicking an event of flash flood from intense rain. Valve gaping and movements were measured in continuous cycle for 10 days using a customized magneto‐electric device which uses Hall sensors. Results showed that under normal conditions of salinity (35 PSU), the general pattern of valve movements was a continuously open state with sporadic spikes indicating a closing motion. At salinity of 5, PSU mussels reacted by closing their valves, leading to a 77% mortality on the 4th day. At salinity of 10, PSU animals were observed with closed valves for the entire duration of the exposure and no mortality occurred, they showed a significant reduction in the valve activity once the reference value of salinity was re‐established. In contrast, salinity of 20 PSU did not trigger a significant behavioral response. Interestingly, there no define rhythms of valve movements were recorded during salinity challenges.
Neighborhood effects on the tannin‐related foraging decisions of two rodent species under semi‐natural conditions
Authors: WANG Zhenyu , WANG Bo , YAN Chuan , YUAN Shengdong , CAO Lin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNeighborhood effects on seed predation and dispersal processes are usually seed‐characteristic‐dependent; however, how seeds with certain characteristics affect the foraging behavior of rodents in relation to other seeds nearby is unclear. Because large differences in seed characteristics between neighboring seeds may lead to significant differences in rodent foraging preferences, we hypothesized that neighborhood effects were more likely to be detected when paired seeds differed in seed characteristics. We investigated the foraging decisions of two rodent species, the red spiny rat Maxomys surifer and the Chinese white‐bellied rat Niviventer confucianus, in semi‐natural enclosures by presenting them with artificial seeds containing different levels of tannin (0, 3%, and 6% tannin). Both rodents showed similar preferences and preferentially consumed high‐tannin seeds (6% tannin) and scatter hoarded low‐tannin seeds (0 tannin). The scatter hoarding of low‐tannin (0 tannin) and high‐tannin (6% tannin) seeds was significantly higher when these seeds were neighboring higher‐tannin seeds than when they neighbored lower‐tannin seeds, whereas the scatter hoarding of intermediate‐tannin seeds (3% tannin) varied little when they had different neighbors. High‐tannin‐seed (6% tannin) scatter hoarding was lowest when they neighbored low‐tannin seeds (0 tannin), while low‐tannin‐seed (0 tannin) scatter hoarding was highest when they neighbored high‐tannin seeds (6% tannin). Therefore, the seeds that the rodents scatter hoarded were next to (neighbored) seeds that they preferred to eat immediately, and vice versa. Our findings suggest that seed neighborhood effects affect rodent foraging behavior and the relationship between plants and rodents, and may have a profound effect on the regeneration and spatial structure of plant communities.
Response surface optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from camu‐camu (Myrciaria dubia) seed coat based on chemical properties and bioactivity
Authors: Willemann Jessyca Ribeiro , Escher Graziela Bragueto , Kaneshima Tai , Furtado Marianna Miranda , Sant'Ana Anderson S. , Vieira do Carmo Mariana Araújo , Azevedo Luciana , Granato Daniel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFood companies should comply with the requirements of a zero‐waste concept to adapt to the circular economy requirements. In fruit companies, usually seeds are discarded without proper utilization and extraction of the bioactive compounds. Fruit seeds are sources of chemical compounds that can be extracted, studied, and applied in high value‐added products. Thus, in this work the experimental conditions for the water extraction of phenolic compounds from camu‐camu (Myrciaria dubia) seed coat were optimized using a central composite design and the desirability function. Total phenolic content (TPC), and condensed tannins (CT), DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP), Folin‐Ciocalteu reducing capacity (FCRC), and Cu2+chelating ability were assessed. Seed coat extracted for 51.1 min using a 1:34.1 solid:liquid ratio was the optimal condition to extract 6,242 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g of TPC and 695 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g of CT. The optimized extract displayed free‐radical scavenging activity, reducing properties and ability to chelate Cu2+, and inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the lyophilized water extract inhibited the in vitro activity of α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase, and angiotensin converting enzyme and showed cytotoxic effects towards Caco‐2, A549, and HepG2 cancer cells, but no cytotoxicity towards IMR90 cells. Vescalagin, castalagin, and 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid were the major phenolic compounds identified in the optimized extract. In conclusion, the optimized camu‐camu seed coat water extract is a rich source of phenolic compounds with antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antiproliferative effects.Practical ApplicationCamu‐camu fruit pulp and seeds have been studied for their phenolic composition and bioactivity. However, seeds are usually discarded and represent an environmental problem in South American countries. We presented a methodological overview on the extraction optimization of the phenolic compounds from camu‐camu seed coat and studied the bioactivity of the optimized extract using chemical, enzymatic, and cell‐based experiments. Results can be used by camu‐camu processors to obtain a phenolic‐rich extract for industrial applications, without any further processing.
Dysregulated skin barrier function in Tmem79 mutant mice promotes IL‐17A‐dependent spontaneous skin and lung inflammation
Authors: Saunders Sean P. , Floudas Achilleas , Moran Tara , Byrne Ciara M. , Rooney Michael D. , Fahy Caoimhe M. R. , Geoghegan Joan A. , Iwakura Yoichiro , Fallon Padraic G. , Schwartz Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a dysregulation of the skin barrier and may predispose to the development of secondary allergic conditions, such as asthma. Tmem79ma/ma mice harbor a mutation in the gene encoding Transmembrane Protein 79 (or Mattrin), which has previously been associated with AD. As a result of the Tmem79 gene mutation, these mice have a defective skin barrier and develop spontaneous skin inflammation. In this study, Tmem79ma/ma mice were assessed for the underlying immunological response in the development of spontaneous skin and lung inflammation.MethodsDevelopment of spontaneous skin and lung inflammation in Tmem79ma/ma mice was analyzed. We further investigated susceptibility to cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus infection. Tmem79ma/ma were crossed to IL‐17A‐deficient mice to address the contribution of IL‐17A to spontaneous skin and lung disease.ResultsTmem79ma/ma mice developed IL‐17A‐dependent spontaneous AD‐like inflammation and were refractory to S aureus infection. Mutant mice progressed to airway inflammation subsequent to the occurrence of dermatitis. The progression from skin to lung disease is dependent on adaptive immunity and is facilitated by cutaneous expansion of Th17 and TCRγδ T cells.ConclusionMice lacking Tmem79/Mattrin expression have a defective skin barrier. In adulthood, these mice develop dermatitis with secondary progression to lung inflammation. The development of skin and lung inflammation is IL‐17A‐dependent and mediated by TCRγδ T cells.
Hope’s Work
Authors: Back Les 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article, given as the Antipode RGS‐IBG Lecture on 28 August 2019, argues that hope can be found through training an attentiveness to the social world in troubled times. Hope then is an empirical question and a matter of documenting hopeful possibilities that often otherwise remain unremarked upon. In this sense “worldly hope” draws possibilities that are manifested in the social world and stands in contrast to cruel forms of optimism or an unrealistic faith in future progress. An argument for such an approach to hope and trouble is developed through two examples drawn from contemporary London life, namely, the silent walks at Grenfell Tower in West London and a community arts project in Bellingham, South East London.
Risperidone plasma concentrations are associated with side effects and effectiveness in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kloosterboer Sanne Maartje , de Winter Brenda C.M. , Reichart Catrien G. , Kouijzer Mirjam E.J. , de Kroon Matthias M.J. , van Daalen Emma , Ester Wietske A. , Rieken Rob , Dieleman Gwen C. , van Altena Daphne , Bartelds Beatrijs , van Schaik Ron H.N. , Nasserinejad Kazem , Hillegers Manon H.J. , van Gelder Teun , Dierckx Bram , Koch Birgit C.P. 
Published: July 2020

AimRisperidone is the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic drug to children and adolescents worldwide, but it is associated with serious side effects, including weight gain. This study assessed the relationship of risperidone and 9‐hydroxyrisperidone trough concentrations, maximum concentrations and 24‐hour area under the curves (AUCs) with body mass index (BMI) z‐scores in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and behavioural problems. Secondary outcomes were metabolic, endocrine, extrapyramidal and cardiac side effects and effectiveness.MethodsForty‐two children and adolescents (32 males) aged 6‐18 years were included in a 24‐week prospective observational trial. Drug plasma concentrations, side effects and effectiveness were measured at several time points during follow‐up. Relevant pharmacokinetic covariates, including medication adherence and CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and P‐glycoprotein (ABCB1) genotypes, were measured. Nonlinear mixed‐effects modelling (NONMEM®) was used for a population pharmacokinetic analysis with 205 risperidone and 205 9‐hydroxyrisperidone concentrations. Subsequently, model‐based trough concentrations, maximum concentrations and 24‐hour AUCs were analysed to predict outcomes using generalized and linear mixed‐effects models.ResultsA risperidone two‐compartment model combined with a 9‐hydroxyrisperidone one‐compartment model best described the measured concentrations. Of all the pharmacokinetic parameters, higher risperidone sum trough concentrations best predicted higher BMI z‐scores during follow‐up (P < .001). Higher sum trough concentrations also predicted more sedation (P < .05), higher prolactin levels (P < .001) and more effectiveness measured with Aberrant Behavior Checklist irritability score (P < .01).ConclusionOur results indicate a therapeutic window exists, which suggests that therapeutic drug monitoring of risperidone might increase safety and effectiveness in children and adolescents with ASD and behavioural problems.
The catalytically defective receptor protein tyrosine kinase EphA10 promotes tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Shin Won‐Sik , Park Mi Kyung , Lee Young Hun , Kim Kyung Woo , Lee Ho , Lee Seung‐Taek 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEphA10 (erythropoietin‐producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor A10) is a catalytically defective receptor protein tyrosine kinase in the ephrin receptor family. Although EphA10 is involved in the malignancy of some types of cancer, its role as an oncogene has not been extensively studied. Here, we investigated the influence of EphA10 on the tumorigenic potential of pancreatic cancer cells. Analysis of expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas confirmed that EphA10 was elevated and higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues in some cancer types, including pancreatic cancer. EphA10 silencing reduced the proliferation, migration, and adhesion of MIA PaCa‐2 and AsPC‐1 pancreatic cancer cells. These effects were reversed by overexpression of EphA10 in MIA PaCa‐2 cells. Importantly, overexpression and silencing of EphA10 respectively increased and decreased the weight, volume, and number of Ki‐67‐positive proliferating cells in MIA PaCa‐2 xenograft tumors. Further, EphA10 expression was positively correlated with invasion and gelatin degradation in MIA PaCa‐2 cells. Moreover, overexpression of EphA10 enhanced the expression and secretion of MMP‐9 in MIA PaCa‐2 cells and increased the expression of MMP‐9 and the vascular density in xenograft tumors. Finally, expression of EphA10 increased the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, AKT, FAK, and NF‐κB, which are important for cell proliferation, survival, adhesion, migration, and invasion. Therefore, we suggest that EphA10 plays a pivotal role in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic epithelial cells and is a novel therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
Multi‐focal electro‐retinogram response following sub‐threshold nano‐second laser intervention in age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Luu Chi D. , Makeyeva Galina , Caruso Emily , Baglin Elizabeth , Sivarajah Pyrawy , Wu Zhichao , Guymer Robyn H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImportanceThe effect of sub‐threshold nano‐second laser (SNL) treatment on retinal function remains unknown.BackgroundSNL treatment has been studied as a potential intervention in intermediate age‐related macular degeneration (iAMD). This study investigated the longitudinal effect of SNL treatment on retinal function.DesignThis was a sub‐study of the LEAD trial; a 36‐month, multi‐centre, randomized and sham‐controlled trial.ParticipantsSubjects with iAMD.MethodsEligible participants were assigned randomly to receive SNL or sham treatment to the study eye at 6‐monthly visits. Multi‐focal electro‐retinography (mfERG) was performed at each study visit from a study site. The mfERG responses were grouped into three regions (central, middle and outer rings) and compared between the SNL and sham group.Main Outcome MeasuresmfERG P1 response amplitude and implicit time.ResultsData were collected from 50 subjects (26 in the SNL group, 24 in the sham group). At baseline, the P1 amplitudes of both the study eyes and the fellow eyes were similar between the groups at all rings. In the sham group, the P1 amplitude gradually decreased over time (P < .05). In the SNL group, there was an improvement in P1 amplitude which became statistically significant at the 36‐month visit, detected in both the treated and fellow eyes at the central (P = .005) and middle ring (P = .007) but not at the outer ring (P = .070). No difference in P1 implicit time detected between the groups (P > .05).Conclusions and RelevanceSNL treatment improved electro‐physiological function. mfERG could be useful for monitoring AMD progression and evaluating the efficacy of SNL treatment.