bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicians' Values and Preferences for Medication Adherence and Cost Clinical Decision Support in Primary Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bhat Shubha , Derington Catherine Grace , Trinkley Katy E. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Medication nonadherence and unaffordability are prevalent, burdensome issues in primary care. In response, technology companies are capitalizing on clinical decision support (CDS) to deliver patient-specific information regarding medication adherence and costs to clinicians using electronic health records (EHRs). To maximize adoption and usability, these CDS tools should be designed with consideration of end users' values and preferences.
Objective This article evaluates primary care clinicians' values and preferences for a medication adherence and cost CDS.
Methods We conducted semistructured interviews with primary care clinicians with prescribing privileges and EHR access to identify clinicians' perceptions of and approaches to assessing medication adherence and costs, and to determine perceived values and preferences for medication adherence and cost CDS. Interviews were conducted until saturation of responses was reached. ATLAS.ti was used for thematic analysis.
Results Among 26 clinicians interviewed, themes identified included a high value, but moderate need for a medication adherence CDS and high value and need for cost CDS. Clinicians expressed the cost CDS would provide actionable solutions and greatly impact patient care. Another theme identified was a desire for medication adherence and cost CDS to be separate tools yet integrated into workflow. The majority of clinicians preferred a medication adherence CDS that integrated claims data and actively displayed data using color-coded adherence categories within patients' medication lists in the EHR. For the cost CDS, clinicians preferred medication out-of-pocket costs and a list of cheaper or payor-preferred alternatives to display within the order queue of the EHR.
Conclusion We identified valuable insights regarding clinician values and preferences for medication adherence and cost CDS. Overall, primary care clinicians feel CDS for medication adherence and cost are valuable and prefer them to be separate. These insights should be used to inform the design, implementation, and EHR integration of future medication and cost CDS tools.
Designing inter-regional engagement to inform cohesive policy making
Authors: Fears Robin , Canales Holzeis Claudia , ter Meulen Volker 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe scientific advice needed to inform national and regional policies addressing the key challenges we face today must take account of disparate requirements. The complex nature of the problems addressed in this article—which encompass food and nutrition security, global health and climate change—and the multitude of their interconnections, calls for an integrated and multi-disciplinary approach that spans aspects related to the use of natural resources; the adoption of new technologies all the way to issues related to food demand and human behaviour. The scale is also important: national policies need to respond to a set of heterogeneous local conditions and requirements and should be particularly mindful of the effect on vulnerable groups of the population. At the same time, the global interconnectedness of food systems and shared natural resources also necessitates coordinated action at regional and global levels. The InterAcademy Partnership sought to develop an innovative model for integrating and analysing multidisciplinary scientific evidence to inform governments and regional policy bodies for policymaking on food and nutrition security. This approach relies on IAP’s membership of over 130 science academies grouped in four regional networks for Africa, America, Asia and Europe. Our article reviews the model, in particular with regards to interdisciplinarity, exploring examples relating to yield gap, plant breeding and food processing, and reflects on lessons learned during the project discussions and when engaging with policy-makers and other stakeholders. We propose that the framework developed can be applied to integrated assessment of other societal challenges where the scientific community can play a significant role in informing policy choices.
Carbenium ion-mediated oligomerization of methylglyoxal for secondary organic aerosol formation
Authors: Ji Yuemeng , Shi Qiuju , Li Yixin , An Taicheng , Zheng Jun , Peng Jianfei , Gao Yanpeng , Chen Jiangyao , Li Guiying , Wang Yuan , Zhang Fang , Zhang Annie L. , Zhao Jiayun , Molina Mario J. , Zhang Renyi 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from photochemical oxidation of volatile organic compounds represents one of the most dominant constituents of fine particulate matter in the troposphere, with profound implications for air quality and climate. However, the fundamental chemical mechanisms leading to SOA formation remain highly uncertain. Here, we show oligomer formation from methylglyoxal with the carbenium ions as the key intermediate using quantum chemical calculations. This cationic oligomerization is demonstrated to proceed via barrierless pathways and occurs at fast rates on weakly acidic aqueous aerosols and/or cloud droplets under typical tropospheric conditions. In contrast to a previously proposed hydration mechanism, out results reveal that the carbenium ion-mediated oligomerization of methylglyoxal provides a major SOA source from anthropogenic and biogenic emissions.
Nanoparticle delivery of immunostimulatory oligonucleotides enhances response to checkpoint inhibitor therapeutics
Authors: Buss Colin G. , Bhatia Sangeeta N. 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of a wide array of cancers, but their utility remains limited to a subset of patients with favorable disease phenotypes. We show that the generation of peptide-based nanocomplexes carrying immunostimulatory oligonucleotides dramatically increases the potency of certain of these compounds to stimulate toll-like receptor signaling. The administration of immunostimulatory nanocomplexes carrying CpG oligonucleotides generates antitumor effects and enhances the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor antibody therapy in mouse models of cancer, and the nanocomplex formulation enables drastic reductions in the dose required to generate therapeutic effects.
Brazilian red propolis extract enhances expression of antioxidant enzyme genesin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Hotta Sho , Uchiyama Satoshi , Ichihara Kenji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBrazilian red propolis reportedly has reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging effects in vitro, but the cellular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of an ethanol extract of Brazilian red propolis (EERP) on the Nrf2-ARE intracellular antioxidant pathway were examined in vitro and in vivo. EERP and its constituents transactivated the reporter gene through the ARE sequence and enhanced the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes in HEK293 cells. It also increased Nrf2 protein in the nucleus, which was partially inhibited by kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, EERP suppressed ROS generation and cytotoxicity induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide. In vivo, orally administered EERP increased the expression of Nrf2-regulated genes in mice liver. These results suggest that EERP is a potential resource for preventing oxidative stress-related diseases as an Nrf2 inducer.
An in situ diagnostic method for monitoring of fuel retention on the first wall under long-pulse operation of experimental advanced superconducting tokamak
Authors: Li Cong , Sun Liying , Hu Zhenhua , Zhao Dongye , Liu Jiamin , Gierse Niels , Nicolai Dirk , Wu Ding , Hai Ran , Ding Fang , Luo Guang-Nan , Brezinsek Sebastijan , Linsmeier Christian , Liang Yunfeng , Ding Hongbin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Plasma-wall interaction (PWI) research is an active field of study in long-pulse operation in current magnetic confinement fusion devices, such as the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). It is an urgent requirement to be able to investigate several key PWI issues, such as fuel retention, by in situ diagnostic methods. In this work, an in situ diagnostic method of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with optical emission spectroscopy (OES) is developed. The whole system is applied to study PWI and fill the research gap concerning the correlation between fuel retention and edge plasma conditions during long-pulse plasma operation conditions in EAST. The fuel retention intensity from LIBS on the first wall and the edge plasma condition from OES are monitored simultaneously during the long-pulse plasma operation in EAST. The results indicate that the deuterium (D) retention amount increases as the local edge D particle fluence increases. The results effectively demonstrate the potential of the LIBS method for in situ investigation of the fuel retention for PWI study in upcoming long-pulse fusion devices such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER).
Reconstruction of D0 meson in d+Au collisions at

sNN

= 200 GeV by the STAR experiment
Authors: Kramárik for the STAR collaboration Lukáš 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Owing to their large masses, charm quarks are predominantly produced through initial hard scatterings in heavy-ion collisions. Therefore, they can serve as penetrating probes to study the intrinsic properties of the hot medium created in heavy-ion collisions. However, Cold Nuclear Matter effects can also affect the charm quark production in nuclear collisions with respect to p + p collisions. These effects can be measured in small collision systems such as d/p+Au. In these proceedings, D0 meson reconstruction in d+Au collisions at

s

NN

=
200

GeV

at the STAR experiment is described. Thanks to the excellent impact parameter resolution provided by the Heavy Flavor Tracker detector, D0(

D

0

¯

) mesons are topologically reconstructed from their hadronic decay channel D0 (

D

0

¯

)

→

K

−

π

+

(

K

+

π

−

). The Boosted Decision Trees machine learning algorithm from the TMVA package is applied in order to improve signal/background separation.
A simple method for theoretical determination of the radius- and time-dependent electron temperatures in nanosecond pulsed longitudinal discharges in helium and neon assuming a bi-Maxwellian electron energy distribution function
Authors: Temelkov K A , Slaveeva S I , Chernogorova T P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Assuming a bi-Maxwellian electron energy distribution function, the temporal and radial distribution of the electron temperature is determined in nanosecond pulsed longitudinal discharges used for excitation of two prospective high-power gas-discharge lasers, namely, a deep ultraviolet Cu+ Ne-H2-CuBr laser and a He-Sr+ recombination laser. For this purpose, the parameters of the set of nonstationary heat-conduction equations for the two groups of electrons, namely, the electrical power density and the specific heat capacity, are determined for each group. A 2D(r,t) numerical model is also developed in order to solve the set of the equations.
Electromagnetically induced absorption resonances in Hanle-configuration prepared in a paraffin coated 87Rb cell
Authors: Taskova E , Alipieva E , Andreeva C , Brazhnikov D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present an experimental investigation of electromagnetically-induced absorption (EIA) at the D1 line of 87Rb contained in an anti-relaxation coated vacuum optical cell. The configuration includes a pump and a probe beam propagating in opposite directions and having mutually orthogonal linear polarizations; the probe beam absorption is registered depending on the value of a magnetic field scanned around zero and applied collinearly to the laser beams. The advantages of this scheme have been recently evidenced in vapor cells filled with a buffer gas. In the present work we studied the width and the contrast of the EIA resonances obtained in a coated cell for different values of the pump power. The results are compared with those obtained in a buffer gas cell for the same transition of 87Rb. The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the experiment.
PMMA resist profile and proximity effect dependence on the electron-beam lithography process parameters
Authors: Kostic I , Vutova K , Koleva E , Bencurova A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The study reveals the influence of the electron-beam lithography parameters (such as the exposure dose, resist thickness, depth) on the resist profile shape in the case of the PMMA (polymethyl-methacrylate) positive resist. The experiments are performed using an Elphy Quantum (Raith) e-beam lithography control system installed on an Inspect F50 (FEI) scanning electron microscope with a field emission cathode and a Gaussian intensity distribution. Profiles developed in the PMMA using the MIBK:IPA 1:3 developer and simulation results based on measurements along the resist profile depth for the case of 30-keV electron energy are presented and discussed. The results contribute to the knowledge on electron scattering in the resist/substrate in electron-beam lithography and assist in the development and approval of simulation tools for prediction and control of resist profiles in thick PMMA layers for lift-off nanopatterning.
Evaluation of the accuracy of the optical scanners used in the modern dental practice
Authors: Galeva H , Uzunov T , Sofronov Y , Todorov G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the laboratory optical scanning method used in modern dental practice in a CAD/CAM workflow. The assessment was made using the most common case in practice – tooth prepared for a metal-ceramic crown. An acrylic resin tooth was prepared for the metal-ceramic crown according to standard guidelines. The master matrix was scanned by an extraoral Ceramill Map 400 digital scanner. The scanned data of the prepared tooth was processed to an STL model and a digital copy was created. The same sample was measured by a high-precision contact coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and a second digital model was created. The two scans were aligned in one coordinate system and compared. Comparative analysis was used to evaluate the accuracy of the optical scanning method and the advantages and disadvantages of such equipment were highlighted. The conclusion was drawn that the comparative analysis with the results of contact CMM scanning is a very appropriate approach to validating the accuracy of the digital extraoral scanners, whose significance in the modern dental medical practice is expected to grow rapidly.
Morphological features and optical properties of nanosized ZrO2 films prepared by sol-gel spin coating
Authors: Dimitrov O , Stambolova I , Vassilev S , Lazarova K , Babeva T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Homogeneous thin ZrO2 films were prepared by spin coating. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the presence of a mixture of monoclinic and tetragonal ZrO2 polycrystalline phases with nanosized crystallites. The samples were smooth and crack-free with a ganglia-like microstructure and had transmittance of about 80% in the UV-visible range. We established that adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the precursor affects the phase composition, morphology and optical properties of the films. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the samples revealed a broad violet emission. Some of the PEG-modified films exhibited about twice as intense PL emission as the non-modified films. Their emission bands were more complex, consisting of several additional peaks after deconvolution.
Effect of TiN/TiO2 multilayer coatings on the properties of stainless steel for biomedical applications
Authors: Hikov T , Nikolova M , Petrov P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A large number of research studies have been focused recently on possible methods for surface modification of metals and alloys. Titanium nitride (TiN) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) films deposited on different substrates have found many applications because of their good mechanical properties, resistance to corrosion, and biocompatibility. The substrates for coating can consist of various kinds of metals and alloys used for manufacturing implants, and endodontic or rotary dental instruments. In this study, stainless steel 304L substrates and endodontic files were coated by a DC-magnetron-sputtered TiN/TiO2 multilayer; the mechanical and biocompatible properties of the newly deposited films were explored.
The structure of the coatings was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), whereas the hardness was investigated by nanoindentation. The corrosion resistance was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization tests in Ringer solution. Each endodontic file coated with TiN/TiO2 was used for mechanical preparation of five root canals and, afterwards, their surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Our results confirmed that the TiN/TiO2 multilayer coatings prepared had good stoichiometry and corrosion resistance. Moreover, the pre-coated instruments had a smoother surface and less debris and defects after mechanical preparation of five root canals compared to the non-coated ones. This indicated the usefulness of the coating formed in dental applications.
Thermal vacuum evaporation of thin Cu(I)Br films for photovoltaic application
Authors: Gergova R , Dikov Hr , Popkirov G , Vitanov P , Ganchev M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the present study, thermally evaporated thin copper (I) bromide films were investigated as a potential hole-transport material for hybrid perovskite solar cells in a standard configuration. The films were deposited on top of glass substrates; the measured transparency was 80 %. The structural and morphological analyses revealed a dense polycrystalline structure of γ-CuBr. The analysis of the surface chemical composition demonstrated that copper was in a Cu1+ state and the films were stoichiometric. Electrical measurements were performed with deposited planar silver or copper electrodes. The layers were highly resistive; however, a current increasing with the time was observed when the samples were biased by a dc voltage of 20 V for two hours, which we speculate might be due to a possible new conduction mechanism.
Soot as electrode coating for supercapacitor prototypes
Authors: Petrov M , Lovchinov K , Valkov S , Tyutyundzhiev N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Black powders were prepared from chimney soot by means of treatment with different solvents and drying. The powders were used to prepare inks, which were deposited on copper foils. The as prepared electrodes were assembled as supercapacitor structures with KOH as electrolyte. The charge-discharge characteristics were measured to evaluate the electrical capacitance and to compare the technology for soot treatment. The soot was studied as a source before and after treatment using IR spectroscopy, XRD and SEM EDX.
Characterization of multilayer nano-absorbers
Authors: Dankov P , Levcheva V , Kolev S , Koutzarova T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Full characterization of thin nano-carbon and nano-ferrite absorbers was performed in the frequency range 5-40 GHz by a combination of two microwave methods – a resonance one using a pair of cylindrical resonators with different excited modes, and a broadband one, where the samples cover a 50-ohm microstrip line. The results show a reliable extraction of the complex dielectric and magnetic parameters of 20-60-μm thick absorber layers by the resonance method considered (including the anisotropy of these parameters) and a successful verification of their values in the wide frequency range.
Investigation of the microstructure and the thermal processes in a Ti6Al4V alloy surface-modified by scanning electron beam
Authors: Ormanova M , Nikolova M , Angelov V , Petrov P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present a study of the microstructure, the microhardness and the thermal processes taking place in a Ti6Al4V alloy (Ti64) surface-modified by means of a scanning electron beam. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical metallography were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the samples. A heat model based on solving the heat-transfer equation by Green functions was applied to calculate the temperature fields and depth of the structural changes in the titanium alloy. In particular, the effect was assessed of the scanning beam current during the process of surface modification on the structure and morphology of the layers.
Overview of the CMD-3 recent results
Authors: Ryzhenenkov A E , Akhmetshin R R , Amirkhanov A N , Anisenkov A V , Aulchenko V M , Banzarov V Sh , Bashtovoy N S , Berkaev D E , Bondar A E , Bragin A V , Eidelman S I , Epifanov D A , Epshteyn L B , Erofeev A L , Fedotovich G V , Gayazov S E , Grancagnolo F J , Grebenuk A A , Gribanov S S , Grigoriev D N , Ignatov F V , Ivanov V L , Karpov S V , Kasaev A S , Kazanin V F , Koop I A , Korobov A A , Kozyrev A N , Kozyrev E A , Krokovny P P , Kuzmenko A E , Kuzmin A S , Logashenko I B , Lukin P A , Lysenko A P , Mikhailov K Yu , Okhapkin V S , Perevedentsev E A , Pestov Yu N , Popov A S , Razuvaev G P , Ruban A A , Ryskulov N M , Semenov A V , Shatunov Yu M , Shebalin V E , Shemyakin D N , Shwartz B A , Shwartz D B , Sibidanov A L , Solodov E P , Timoshenko M V , Talyshev A A , Tolmachev S S , Vorobiov A I , Yudin Yu V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The CMD-3 detector started data taking at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000 in December 2010 with a goal to collect about 1 fb−1. The collected data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 200 pb−1 in the center-of-mass energy range from 0.32 up to 2 GeV. This paper reports recent results on the hadronic cross sections measurements with the CMD-3 detector.
Isospin-breaking contributions to ε
′/ε
Authors: Cirigliano V , Gisbert H , Pich A , Rodríguez-Sánchez A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present an updated analysis of isospin-violating corrections to ε
′/ε in the framework of chiral perturbation theory, taking advantage of the currently improved knowledge on quark masses and nonperturbative parameters. The role of the different ingredients entering into the analysis is carefully assessed. Our final result is

Ω

eff

=

0.110

−
0.088

+
0.090

[1].
Structural and Optical Properties of Ba0.7Dy0.3Fe11.4Cr0.6O19/Polyaniline (PANI) Nanocomposites for Optoelectronics
Authors: Tchouank Tekou Carol T. , Mohammed J. , Mukhtar G. , Halilu N. , Getso R. S. , Abdullahi Z. H. , Basandrai D. , Srivastava A. K. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
M-type hexaferrites have found considerable application in microwave absorption and magnetic recording. Sol-gel auto-combustion technique was utilized to prepare Ba0.7Dy0.3Fe11.4Cr0.6O19 nano-sized particles which were sintered at 1000 °C for 6 hours. XRD patterns of the prepared sample show magnetoplumbite phase of M-type hexaferrite along with the presence of hematite (α-Fe2O3) and polyaniline. Two specific bands in the range 400-600 cm−1 were observed in the FTIR spectra signifying the formation of hexaferrites structure. The peaks corresponding to polyaniline are also present in the FTIR spectra in the range 800-1600 cm−1. FESEM analysis shows grains with shape similar to hexagonal plate embedded on the surface of polyaniline. The band gap was found to decrease from 1.96 eV to 1.59 eV.