Risk Factors For Anemia In Pregnancy
Authors: Arofah Nadia , Ermasari Anissa , Lathifah Neneng Siti , Iqmy Ledy Octaviani 
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Permasalahan ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia merupakan permasalahan mendasar yang perlu mendapatkan penanganan yang lebih baik. Menurut data di PMB Bidan Ketut dani SST menunjukkan ibu hamil yang berkunjung ke PMB Bidan Ketut dani SST berjumlah 485 orang. Berdasarkan observasi ada 42 (0,08%) ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di PMB Bidan Ketut Dani SST Tahun 2023.Metode: Penelitian merupakan kuantitatif, desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi ibu hamil di PMB Bidan Ketut dani SST yang melakukan kunjungan dan pemeriksaan kehamilan pada Tahun 2023 sebanyak 485 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 87 responden. Tekhnik sampling random sampling, Analisa data univariate dan bivariate menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil: Hasil dari 87 responden dengan status anemia sebanyak 42 responden (48,3%) dan yang tidak anemia sebanyak 45 responden (51,7%). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan anemia pada kehamilan adalah usia kehamilan p-value 0,000 (<0,05), usia ibu p-value 0,000 (<0,05), paritas p-value 0,000 (<0,05), jarak kehamilan p-value 0,000 (<0,05), Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) p-value 0,000 (<0,05), dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) 0,491(>0,05).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan bahwa usia kehamilan, usia ibu, paritas, jarak kehamilan dan KEK berpengaruh terhadap anemia pada kehamilan dan tidak ada pengaruh statistic antara IMT terhadap anemia pada kehamilan.Saran: Diharapkan bagi ibu hamil agar mencegah terjadinya anemia dengan mengkonsumsi makanan yang tinggi energi atau kalori dan memahami faktor resiko maternal terjadinya anemia. Kata Kunci : Anemia, IMT, KEK, Paritas, Usia ABSTRACT Background: The problem of pregnant women experiencing anemia is a fundamental problem that needs better treatment. According to data from PMB Bidan Ketut Dani SST, there were 485 pregnant women visiting PMB Bidan Ketut Dani SST. Based on observations, there were 42 (0.08%) pregnant women who experienced anemia.Objective: Knowing the factors associated with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at PMB Bidan Ketut Dani SST in 2023.Methods: The type of quantitative research, cross-sectional research design. The population of pregnant women at PMB Bidan Ketut Dani SST who made visits and pregnancy checks in 2023 was 485 people. The sample in this study was 87 respondents. The sampling technique was random sampling, univariate and bivariate data analysis using the chi square test.Results: The results of 87 respondents with anemia status were 42 respondents (48.3%) and those who were not anemic were 45 respondents (51.7%). Factors associated with anemia in pregnancy are gestational age p-value 0.000 (<0.05), maternal age p-value 0.000 (<0.05), parity p-value 0.000 (<0.05), pregnancy spacing p-value 0.000 (<0.05), Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) p-value 0.000 (<0.05), and Body Mass Index (BMI) 0.491 (>0.05).Conclusion: It was concluded that gestational age, maternal age, parity, pregnancy spacing and CED had an effect on anemia in pregnancy and there was no statistical effect between BMI and anemia in pregnancy. Suggestions: It is expected for pregnant women to prevent anemia by consuming foods high in energy or calories and understanding maternal risk factors for anemia. Keywords: Anemia, BMI, CED, Parity, Age