bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type III interferons disrupt the lung epithelial barrier upon viral recognition
Authors: Broggi Achille , Ghosh Sreya , Sposito Benedetta , Spreafico Roberto , Balzarini Fabio , Lo Cascio Antonino , Clementi Nicola , De Santis Maria , Mancini Nicasio , Granucci Francesca , Zanoni Ivan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of mortality driven by infectious agents. RNA viruses such as influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and the new pandemic coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 can be highly pathogenic. Clinical and experimental evidence indicate that most severe and lethal cases do not depend on the viral burden and are, instead, characterized by an aberrant immune response. In this work we assessed how the innate immune response contributes to the pathogenesis of RNA virus infections. We demonstrate that type III interferons produced by dendritic cells in the lung in response to viral recognition cause barrier damage and compromise the host tissue tolerance. In particular, type III interferons inhibit tissue repair and lung epithelial cell proliferation, causing susceptibility to lethal bacterial superinfections. Overall, our data give a strong mandate to rethink the pathophysiological roles of this group of interferons and their possible use in the clinical practice against endemic as well as emerging viral infections.
Reducing uncertainty in impact assessments for alien species
Authors: Clarke David A. , Palmer David J. , McGrannachan Chris , Burgess Treena I. , Chown Steven L. , Clarke Rohan H. , Kumschick Sabrina , Lach Lori , Leibhold Andrew M. , Roy Helen E. , Saunders Manu E. , Yeates David K. , Zalucki Myron P. , McGeoch Melodie A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractImpact assessment is a widely used and cost-effective tool for prioritising invasive alien species. With the number of alien and invasive alien species expected to increase, reliance on impact assessment tools for the identification of species that pose the greatest threats will continue to grow. Given the importance of such assessments for management and resource allocation, it is critical to understand the uncertainty involved and what effect this may have on the outcome. Using an uncertainty typology and insects as a model taxon, we identified and classified the sources and types of uncertainty when performing impact assessments on alien species. We assessed 100 alien insect species across two rounds of assessments with each species independently assessed by two assessors. Agreement between assessors was relatively low for all three EICAT components (mechanism, severity, confidence) after the first round. For the second round, we revised guidelines and gave assessors access to each other’s assessments which improved agreement by between 20-30%. Of the 12 potential reasons for assessment discrepancies identifieda priori, 11 occurred. The most frequent sources (andtypes) of uncertainty (i.e. differences between assessment outcomes for the same species) were: incomplete information searches (systematic error), unclear mechanism and/or extent of impact (subjective judgment due to a lack of knowledge), and limitations of the assessment framework (context dependence). In response to these findings, we identify actions to reduce uncertainty in the impact assessment process, particularly for assessing speciose taxa with diverse life histories such as Insecta. Evidence of environmental impact was available for most insect species, and (of the non-random original subset of species assessed) 14 or 29% of those with evidence were identified as high impact species (with either ‘Major’ or ‘Massive’ impact). Although uncertainty in risk assessment, including impact assessments, can never be eliminated, identifying and communicating its source and variety is a first step toward its reduction and a more reliable assessment outcome, regardless of the taxa being assessed.
Positive feedback induces switch between distributive and processive phosphorylation of Hog1
Authors: Mosbacher Maximilian , Lee Sung Sik , Peter Matthias , Claassen Manfred 
Published: May 2020

SummaryCellular decision making often builds on ultrasensitive MAPK pathways. The phosphorylation mechanism of MAP kinase has so far been described as either distributive or processive, with distributive mechanisms generating ultrasensitivity in theoretical analyses. However, thein vivomechanism of MAP kinase phosphorylation and its regulation by feedback loops remain unclear. We thus characterized the regulation of the MAP kinase Hog1 inSaccharomyces cerevisiae, which is transiently activated in response to hyperosmolarity. Specifically, we combined Hog1 activation data from different modalities and multiple conditions. We constructed ODE models with different pathway topologies, which were then assessedviaparameter estimation and model selection. Interestingly, our best fitting model switches between distributive and processive phosphorylation behavior via a positive feedback loop targeting the MAP kinase-kinase Pbs2. Simulations further suggest that this mixed mechanism is required not only for full sensitivity to stimuli, but also to ensure robustness to different perturbations.
Heterosynaptic cross-talk of pre- and postsynaptic strengths along segments of dendrites
Authors: Tong Rudi , Emptage Nigel John , Goda Yukiko 
Published: May 2020

SummaryDendrites are crucial for integrating incoming synaptic information. Individual dendritic branches are thought to constitute a signal processing unit, yet how neighbouring synapses shape the boundaries of functional dendritic units are not well understood. Here we addressed the cellular basis underlying the organization of the strengths of neighbouring Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses by optical quantal analysis and spine size measurements. Inducing potentiation at clusters of spines produced NMDA receptor-dependent heterosynaptic plasticity. The direction of postsynaptic strength change showed distance-dependency to the stimulated synapses where proximal synapses predominantly depressed whereas distal synapses potentiated; potentiation and depression were regulated by CaMKII and calcineurin, respectively. By contrast, heterosynaptic presynaptic plasticity was confined to weakening of presynaptic strength of nearby synapses, which required CaMKII and the retrograde messenger nitric oxide. Our findings highlight the parallel engagement of multiple signalling pathways, each with characteristic spatial dynamics in shaping the local pattern of synaptic strengths.
Space accounting
Authors: Alewine Hank C. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe emerging and rapidly growing space economy warrants initial analysis from an accounting lens. This article explores accounting's role in entity transactions involving outer space activities by addressing two questions: (1) What accounting challenges exist within a developing space economy? (2) What accounting research opportunities exist to address these challenges?Design/methodology/approachBackground context introduces accounting scholars to the modern space economy and its economic infrastructure, providing insight on entity transactions involving activities in outer space. Detailed discussion and analysis of space accounting challenges and research opportunities reveal potential for a robust, interdisciplinary field in the accounting domain relevant for both practitioner and academic spheres. The article concludes with a summary investigation of the future exploration of accounting for space commerce.FindingsMany accounting challenges and opportunities exist now and in the near future for accounting practitioners and scholars to contribute towards humanity's ambitious plans to achieve a sustained presence on the moon sometime during the 2020s and on Mars in the 2030s. All of accounting's traditional subject-matter domain, as well as sustainability accounting matters, will be relied upon in these efforts. Interdisciplinary inquiries and problem solving will be critical for success, with particular collaboration needs existing between accounting and operations management scholars.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to explore accounting for the burgeoning space economy, and to offer insight and guidance on the development of an emerging accounting subfield: space accounting.
A methodology for multirotor aircraft power budget analysis
Authors: Barra Federico , Scanavino Matteo , Guglieri Giorgio 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The primary purpose of this study is to analyse the performance of multirotor unmanned aircraft system platforms for passenger transport and compare them with an ordinary helicopter solution. This study aims to define a standard procedure for power budget analysis of unconventional vehicles recently proposed in the aerospace industry, providing guidelines on rotor sizing in terms of required power and the total number of rotors. The ultimate purpose of the proposed work is to describe a methodology for power estimation with regard to emerging electric vertical takeoff and landing (EVTOL) vehicles.

Design/methodology/approach
In the context of urban mobility, short-range passenger transport between critical hubs in cities is taken into account and innovative aircraft and traditional helicopters are compared according to a common mission profile. The power budget equations used in the helicopter literature are revisited to consider different multirotor configurations (up to 20 rotors) and evaluate the feasibility of innovative aerospace vehicle design.

Findings
The paper includes insights into the maximum number of rotors that ensure a significative, relative power reduction compared to helicopter platforms (the power-to-cruise over power-to-hover ratio appears to be improved). Based on this preliminary analysis, the results suggest the benefit of reducing the installed rotors to avoid excessive power loss in forward flight.

Practical implications
The proposed study provides guidelines for further design considerations and the future development of EVTOL multirotor aircraft.

Originality/value
This paper fulfils the identified need for a systematic approach on performance analysis for innovative vehicles involved in commercial applications.
Numerical investigation of circulation control applied to flapless aircraft
Authors: Fu Zhi-Jie , Chu Yu-Wei , Cai Yi-Sheng , Xu He-Yong , Xu Yue 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the equivalent control authority of the conventional and circulation control (CC) wing of the aircraft and assess the energy expenditure and aerodynamic efficiency of the CC wing.

Design/methodology/approach
Four target cases with different flap deflection angles θ are set in advance for the conventional wing, and then a series of cases with different jet momentum coefficients Cμ are set for the CC wing. The lift, drag and momentum coefficient curves of the CC wing are compared to those of the four conventional wing cases. The curves with the best agreement are selected to establish the corresponding relation between θ and Cμ. The energy expenditure of the CC system is analyzed. The concept of equivalent lift-to-drag ratio for the CC wing is introduced to compare the aerodynamic efficiency with the conventional wing

Findings
The control authority of the conventional wing at θ = 0º, 10º, 20º, 30º are equivalent to the control authority of the CC wing with Cµ = 0.0, 0.005, 0.009 and 0.012. The CC system is more efficient at small Cµ than large Cµ.

Practical implications
This study could contribute to the application of the CC system on flapless aircrafts.

Originality/value
The corresponding relation between θ and Cµ is established by matching the equivalent control authority between the conventional wing and CC wing.
BRI and railways in Latin America: how important are domestic politics?
Authors: Leiva Diego 
Published: May 2020

PurposeChina's experience of investing in Latin America in one of the main sectors included in the BRI architecture, railways, has faced significant challenges: only one of four Chinese potential railway projects in Latin America has materialised. The purpose of this paper is to explore these challenges and to provide an explanation focusing on the importance of the “domestic politics” factor.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes a comparative study of four cases, developing a qualitative analysis based on an in-depth review of the literature and primary and secondary sources of information.FindingsThe findings suggest that domestic politics played a significant role in the outcomes of the Brazil–Peru Bi-Oceanic railway (changes in government), in Argentina's Belgrano Cargas modernisation project (multiple “domestic politics” factors, such as a presidential campaign), in Venezuela's failed Tinaco-Anaco high-speed train project (authoritarian turn/country's stability) and in Mexico's Querétaro-Ciudad de México high-speed train project (corruption and popular contestation). The paper suggests that one should not expect an easy or fast projection of the BRI in the region, at least in the short- and mid-term, because becoming familiar with the domestic politics of Latin American is a complex and gradual task.Originality/valueThe particular impact of the political risks related to domestic politics in the Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Latin America has not been extensively explored, especially in the railway sector. This paper intends to contribute to this literature gap by analysing four cases of Chinese investment in railways in Latin America, an area that has received little attention in the studies of the Chinese FDI in the region, and proposing an explanation of their outcomes focusing on the “domestic politics” factor.
Partial substitution of whole wheat with acha and pigeon pea flours influences rheological properties of composite flours and quality of bread
Authors: Olagunju Aderonke Ibidunni , Ekeogu Peace Chioma , Bamisi Oluwaseun Cege 
Published: May 2020

PurposeWheat flour (whole grain or white wheat flour) is a major ingredient for production of baked goods and confectionery products in Nigeria. However, due to unfavourable climatic and soil conditions, there is over-dependence on importation of wheat having a negative impact on the nation's gross domestic product (GDP). This has therefore spurred increasing popularity of partial or full replacement of wheat flour with other flour types for economic or nutritional reasons. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of partial substitution of whole wheat flour with indigenous, underutilized crops.Design/methodology/approachWhole wheat flour was partially (0–40%) replaced with acha and/or pigeon pea flours in ratios of 100:0:0 (WAPK), 90:10:0 (WAPL), 80:20:0 (WAPM), 70:30:0 (WAPN), 80:10:10 (WAPO), 70:20:10 (WAPP), 70:15:15 (WAPQ) and 60:20:20 (WAPR). The study evaluated the effects of supplementation on rheological, functional properties of composite flours and nutritional composition of composite bread.FindingsResults showed that dough development and stability time, values of most pasting properties (peak viscosity, final viscosity, setback and pasting temperature) were significantly higher in the composite flours than in WAPK. However, incorporation of acha and pigeon pea flours resulted in significant decrease in breakdown value. Composite flours produced protein-enriched breads with improved essential amino acids exceeding WHO/FAO reference for adults. Composite flours from blends of whole wheat, acha and pigeon pea flours may serve as a potential raw material suitable for production of nutritious and functional baked products.Originality/valueThe present study confirms effective supplementation of whole grain wheat flour with either acha or both acha and pigeon pea flours. Composite flours showed improved functional and pasting properties; thus, it may be suitable for production of baked products such as bread and biscuits.
Customers’ experiences of fast food delivery services: uncovering the semantic core benefits, actual and augmented product by text mining
Authors: Teichert Thorsten , Rezaei Sajad , Correa Juan C. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis study conceptualizes food delivery services as service mix decisions (SMDs) and illustrates a data-driven approach for the analysis of customers' written experiences.Design/methodology/approachWeb scraping, text mining techniques as well as multivariate statistics are combined to uncover the structure of the three tiers of SMD from consumers' point of view.FindingsThe analyses reveal that fast food delivery is not primarily about speed but that there are four distinct experiential factors to be considered for SMDs. Fast food delivery services are associated both with the actual product (i.e. product issues and brand satisfaction) and with the augmented product (payment process and service handling).Originality/valueFindings demonstrate the relevance of SMDs in omnichannel food retail environments and guide researchers in multistage analyses of consumers' online food reviews.
Understanding the impact of supply-side decisions and practices on supply risk management
Authors: Huma Sehrish , Ahmed Waqar , Najmi Arsalan 
Published: May 2020

PurposeIn the era of market turbulence, sourcing specialists consistently face challenges to keep the availability of the material efficiently and effectively without any disruption. Sourcing strategies and planning have a huge impact on procurement performance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships among different sourcing strategies and supply risk management and performance and additionally, the role of procurement practices in different strategic settings.Design/methodology/approachThis is empirical research that collected data gathered from 223 procurement specialists working in various manufacturing firms through a structured questionnaire. Valid data is then analyzed through the structure equation modeling technique for hypotheses testing.FindingsThe findings of this study reveal that supplier development is a partial complementary mediator between multiple supplier strategy and supply-side risk management. While in a volatile business environment, strategic supplier strategy has a significant negative impact on supply-side risk management, and in this case supplier development acts as a competing partial mediator between the two. Contract management has resulted in an important mechanism to be deployed in a strategic sourcing strategy. It is also shown that supplier risk management is also associated with improved supply management performance.Practical implicationsThis paper establishes an explanation of theoretical and practical understanding of sourcing strategies and empirically shows that supplier development is the appropriate mechanism to deal with supply-side risk management, which in turn positively impacts on supplier management performance.Originality/valueThis study contributes to supply chain risk management literature, especially in the context of strategic risk management and explains how a strategic decision can impact supply risk management. This provides a piece of empirical evidence regarding the use of well-established procurement practices to improve supply performance.
The effect of the influential power of partner on the failure of coopetitive joint ventures
Authors: Lee Steve Kyungjae 
Published: May 2020

PurposeWhy do collaborations between direct competitors fail and what are the risks? To enhance our understanding about the sources that generate diverse risks of failure of coopetition (cooperation between competitors), this study examined the effect of influential power each partner exercise in the industry on the unexpected dissolution of joint venture (JV) between direct competitors.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed event history analysis to test the hypotheses using a sample of 188 coopetitive JVs between 2001 and 2010 and data on their survival for the following 5-year window.FindingsThe results show that as firms become more powerful within the industry, they have more incentives to cooperate with competitors to maintain their current JVs than to pursue their self-interest through opportunistically dissolving collaborations, which ultimately reduces the risk of failure of coopetition.Originality/valueScholars have often considered why firms cooperate with competitors and how coopetition creates value for firms but paid less attention regarding why coopetition unexpectedly dissolves. Based on transaction cost economics and the situational assumption of mixed-motive interaction, this study provides insight into how the different levels of influence each partner can exercise within the industry cause firms to have different incentives to cooperate with competitors.
Towards a sustainability assessment model for affordable housing projects: the perspective of professionals in Ghana
Authors: Adabre Michael Atafo , Chan Albert P.C. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis paper presents a sustainability assessment model to holistically guide sustainable construction and green retrofitting of affordable housing from the Ghanaian perspective.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive review was carried out, which yielded 16 sustainability indicators. Then, a questionnaire survey was conducted among respondents in the Ghanaian housing sector. Forty-seven valid responses were received and analysed using fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE) technique.FindingsA four-index model was developed that includes: Housing and Transportation (H + T) index, household-satisfaction index, efficient stakeholder-management index and quality-related index. These indices account for 25.3%, 26.3%, 23.6% and 24.9% of sustainability attainment in affordable housing, respectively. Accordingly, household-satisfaction has the greatest contribution to sustainability attainment in affordable housing.Research limitations/implicationsDue to challenges in obtaining responses to the questionnaire, the study was conducted with relatively small number of responses.Originality/valueThe model serves as a tool that could be used to objectively and comprehensively assess sustainability performance in affordable housing. Besides, it could be used as a baseline to calibrate future projects and for benchmarking success levels of comparable housing projects. Finally, the estimated indices are applicable in decision making for optimum resource allocation for sustainable low-cost housing in the Ghanaian perspective.