bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 5‐HTTLPR long allele predicts two‐year longitudinal increases in cortisol and declines in verbal memory in older adults
Authors: Hirst Rayna B. , Jordan Joshua T. , Schüssler‐Fiorenza Rose Sophia Miryam , Schneider Logan , Kawai Makoto , Gould Christine E. , Anker Lauren , Chick Christina F. , Beaudreau Sherry A. , Hallmayer Joachim , O'Hara Ruth 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesThe short form or s‐allele variant of the serotonin transporter polymorphism (5‐HTTLPR), as compared with the long‐form or l‐allele variant, has been associated with the presence of cognitive dysfunction, and particularly memory impairment in older adults. This body of cross‐sectional work has culminated in the hypothesis that presence of the s‐allele predicts greater memory decline in older adults. Yet, to date, there are no longitudinal studies that have investigated this issue.Methods/DesignHere, we examine 109 community‐dwelling older adults (mean and SD of age = 70.7 ± 8.7 years) who underwent blood draw for genotyping, cognitive, and psychological testing at baseline, 12‐, and 24‐monthfollow‐ups.ResultsMultilevel modeling found that s‐allele carriers (ss or ls) performed worse than ll homozygotes at baseline on delayed verbal recall. Yet, s‐allele carriers' memory performance was stable over the two‐yearfollow‐up period, while l‐allele homozygotes experienced significant memory decline. l‐allele homozygote status was associated with both increased cortisol and decreased memory over time, resulting in attenuated verbal memory performance differences compared to s‐allele carriers with age.ConclusionsOverall, our findings do not support the hypothesis that presence of the 5‐HTTLPRs‐allele is a marker for memory decline in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:‐, 2020.
Rainstorm‐generated sediment yield model based on soil moisture proxies (SMP)
Authors: Gupta Sushindra Kumar , Singh Pushpendra K. , Tyagi Jaivir , Sharma Gunwant , Jethoo Ajay Singh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study develops improved Soil Moisture Proxies (SMP) based suspended sediment yield (SMPSY) models corresponding to three antecedent moisture conditions (AMCs) (i.e., AMC‐I‐AMC‐III) by coupling the improved initial abstraction (Ia‐λ) model, the SMA procedure and the SMP concept for modelling the rainfall generated suspended sediment yield. The SMPSY models specifically incorporate a watershed storage index (S) model to accentuate the transformation from storm to storm and to avoid the sudden jumps in sediment yield computation. The workability of the SMPSY models is tested using a large dataset of rainfall and sediment yield (98 storm events) from twelve small watersheds and a comparison has been made with the existing MSY model. The goodness‐of‐fit (GOF) statistics is evaluated in terms of the Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and error indices, i.e., root mean square error (RMSE), normalized root mean square error (nRMSE), standard error (SE), mean absolute error (MAE), and RMSE‐observations standard deviation ratio (RSR). The NSE values vary from 74.31% to 96.57% and from 75.21% to 91.78%, respectively for the SPMSY and MSY model. The NSE statistics indicate that the SMPSY model has lower uncertainty in simulating sediment yield as compared to the MSY model. The error indices are lower for the SMPSY model than the MSY model for most of the watersheds. These results show that the SMPSY model has less uncertainty and performs better than the MSY model. A sensitivity analysis of the SMPSY model shows that the parameter β is most sensitive followed by parameter S, α and A. Overall, the results show that the characterization of soil moisture variability in terms of SMPs and incorporation of improved delivery ratio and runoff coefficient relationship improves the simulation of the erosion and sediment yield generation process.
Maternal health and non‐communicable disease prevention: An investment case for the post COVID‐19 world and need for better health economic data
Authors: Kapur Anil , Hod Moshe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn integrated approach to population health, disease surveillance, and preventive care will dominate the health agenda in the post COVID‐19 world. Because of their huge burden and the vulnerability imposed during a health crisis, prevention and care of non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) will need to be prioritized even further. Maternal and child health are inextricably linked with NCDs and their risk factors. The intergenerational impact of poor maternal nutrition and health conditions during pregnancy, particularly NCD‐related pregnancy complications, can be considered as a multiplier of the ongoing pandemic of NCDs. The economic cost of poor maternal health and NCD‐related pregnancy complications is likely very high, but is not adequately researched or documented in the context of long‐term population health. Interventions to address NCDs in pregnancy have beneficial effects on short‐term pregnancy outcomes; but even more importantly, identifying “at‐risk” mothers and offspring opens up the opportunity for targeted early preventive action. Preventive actions to address obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases have a common lifestyle approach—identifying any one of these problems in pregnancy provides an opportunity to address them all. Cost–benefit analyses that only focus on the short‐term and on one condition do not capture the full value of downstream, long‐term benefits for population health. This requires urgent attention from FIGO.
Longitudinal invariance and information of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales
Authors: Anghel Ella 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe study investigates the psychometric properties of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS‐21).MethodThe DASS‐21 was administered to a community sample twice over the course of 7 months ( = 235 and  = 171; 51% female, Mage = 22 years). A partial credit Rasch model was used to determine the scales' longitudinal invariance and reliability.ResultsThe DASS‐21 mostly demonstrated longitudinal invariance across administrations. The Depression and Anxiety subscales were sufficiently reliable to distinguish among the suggested severity categories, but the Stress scale was not.ConclusionSeveral revisions of the DASS are recommended. It is also suggested that the Stress scale should be used with caution, given its low reliability.
Epigenetic modifier trichostatin A enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by inhibiting NF‐κB (p65) DNA binding and promoted periodontal repair in rats
Authors: Li Qiong , Liu Fan , Dang Rui , Feng Chunyue , Xiao Rui , Hua Ye , Wang Wei , Jia Zhi , Liu Dayong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe wished to evaluate whether epigenetic modifiers have a beneficial effect on treating experimental periodontitis and mechanisms for regulating the cell fate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in inflammatory microenvironments. We isolated MSCs from healthy and inflamed gingival tissues to investigate whether trichostatin A (TSA) could improve osteogenic differentiation and resolve inflammation in vitro. The tissue regenerative potentials were evaluated when treated with a temperature‐dependent, chitosan‐scaffold‐encapsulated TSA, in a rat model of periodontitis. After induction with the conditioned medium, TSA treatment increased the osteogenic differentiation potential of inflamed MSCs and healthy MSCs. In addition, interleukin‐6 and interleukin‐8 levels in supernatants were significantly decreased after TSA treatment. Moreover, TSA promoted osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting nuclear factor‐κB (p65) DNA binding in MSCs. In rats with experimental periodontitis, 7 weeks after local injections of chitosan‐scaffold‐encapsulated TSA, histology and microcomputed tomography showed a significant increase in alveolar bone volume and less inflammatory infiltration compared with vehicle‐treated rats. The concentrations of interferon‐γ and interleukin‐6 were significantly decreased in the gingival crevicular fluid after TSA treatment. This study demonstrated that TSA had anti‐inflammatory properties and could promote periodontal tissue repair, which indicated that epigenetic modifiers hold promise as a potential therapeutic option for periodontal tissue repair.
Quantitative single-molecule imaging of TNFR1 reveals zafirlukast as antagonist of TNFR1 clustering and TNFα-induced NF-ĸB signaling
Authors: Weinelt Nadine , Karathanasis Christos , Smith Sonja , Medler Juliane , Malkusch Sebastian , Fulda Simone , Wajant Harald , Heilemann Mike , van Wijk Sjoerd J L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
TNFR1 is a crucial regulator of NF-ĸB-mediated proinflammatory cell survival responses and programmed cell death (PCD). Deregulation of TNFα- and TNFR1-controlled NF-ĸB signaling underlies major diseases, like cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, although being routinely used, antagonists of TNFα might also affect TNFR2-mediated processes, so that alternative approaches to directly antagonize TNFR1 are beneficial. Here, we apply quantitative single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) of TNFR1 in physiologic cellular settings to validate and characterize TNFR1 inhibitory substances, exemplified by the recently described TNFR1 antagonist zafirlukast. Treatment of TNFR1-mEos2 reconstituted TNFR1/2 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) with zafirlukast inhibited both ligand-independent preligand assembly domain (PLAD)-mediated TNFR1 dimerization as well as TNFα-induced TNFR1 oligomerization. In addition, zafirlukast-mediated inhibition of TNFR1 clustering was accompanied by deregulation of acute and prolonged NF-ĸB signaling in reconstituted TNFR1-mEos2 MEFs and human cervical carcinoma cells. These findings reveal the necessity of PLAD-mediated, ligand-independent TNFR1 dimerization for NF-ĸB activation, highlight the PLAD as central regulator of TNFα-induced TNFR1 oligomerization, and demonstrate that TNFR1-mEos2 MEFs can be used to investigate TNFR1-antagonizing compounds employing single-molecule quantification and functional NF-ĸB assays at physiologic conditions.
Preprocessing for characteristic mode tracking based on the correlation
Authors: Li Weiwen , Liu Yongcong , Yang Guang , Huang Changbin , Liu Qing‐Huo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMode swapping in characteristic mode analysis (CMA) affects consistent interpretation of the modal data. Mode tracking based on the eigenvector correlation can effectively determine the correct ordering of modes at each sampling frequency. However, there has been a lack of corresponding preprocessing for this mode‐tracking algorithm. For example, the applicable frequency band cannot be determined in advance. In this paper, cosine similarity is used to calculate the correlation between modes of adjacent frequencies. It is then proposed that the 3/2 proportional relationship between the maximum size of the structure and the minimum operating wavelength can be used to choose the reliable operating band range of the algorithm. Meanwhile, it is recommended that the meshing side length should be less than one‐tenth of a wavelength, and the adjacent sampling frequency interval should be less than the relative bandwidth of 10%. Through this preprocessing, correlation‐based algorithms can efficiently implement mode tracking for open conductors.
Pharmacological sex hormone manipulation as a risk model for depression
Authors: Frokjaer Vibe G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSex hormone transition may trigger severe depressive episodes in some women. In order to map mechanisms related to such phenomena we developed a pharmacological preclinical human model using sex hormone manipulation with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) in a placebo‐controlled design. Here the findings from this model is synthesized and discussed in the context of related literature on hormonal contributions to reproductive mental health disorders. The GnRha model work points to an estradiol‐dependent depressive response in healthy women undergoing short‐term sex hormone manipulation with GnRHa, which is linked to serotonin transporter changes (a key regulator of synaptic serotonin), a disengagement of hippocampus, and overengagement of brain networks recruited when processing emotional salient information. Further, the GnRHa model suggest that key brain regions in the reward circuit are less engaged in positive stimuli when undergoing sex hormone manipulation, which may underlie anhedonia. Also, the work supports that enhanced sensitivity to estrogen signaling at the level of gene expression may drive increased risk for depressive symptoms when exposed to sex steroid hormone fluctuations. In conclusion, the GnRHa model work highlights the brain signatures of rapid and profound changes in sex steroid hormone milieu, which reflect plausible mechanisms by which risk for mood disorders works. This model points to the role of estrogen dynamics and sensitivity, and offers a rationale for personalized prevention in hormonal transition phases, for example pregnancy to postpartum transition, perimenopause, and hormone treatments, which now can move into clinical translation and ideally pave the way for protecting mental and cognitive health.
Lower functioning patients demonstrate atypical hip joint loading before and following total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis
Authors: Bahl Jasvir S. , Arnold John B. , Taylor Mark , Solomon Lucian B. , Thewlis Dominic 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have established that up to 1 year post total hip arthroplasty (THA), patients do not recover normal function and the magnitude of hip joint loading remains reduced compared to healthy individuals. However, the temporal nature of the loading profile has not been considered to identify individuals who are at a greater risk of poor functional outcomes following THA. This study aimed to determine changes to the profile and magnitude of the resultant hip joint reaction force before and up to 6 months post‐primary THA, and factors associated with atypical loading profiles. Hip joint loading was computed using a personalized lower‐limb musculoskeletal model in 43 participants awaiting primary THA for osteoarthritis (mean age: SD = 65, 14 years; body mass index: SD = 30, 5 kg/m2) before and up to 6 months after THA. Atypical, single‐peak loading profiles were observed for 11 patients before surgery, where four showed a single peak at 6 months. Patients displaying a single‐peak profile walked slower (mean difference: −0.4 m/s) compared to individuals displaying double‐peak profile (P = <.001) and had significantly reduced sagittal plane hip range of motion during gait (mean difference −9.6°, P = <.001). Self‐reported pain, function, and stiffness did not differentiate between patients with a single or double‐peak loading profile. Individuals with a single‐peak force profile did not meet the minimal clinically important hip range of motion during gait and would be classified as low‐functioning THA patients. Clinical Relevance: The temporal nature of the force profile may help to identify individuals who are at the greatest risk of poor functional outcomes after THA.
Proximal‐distal shift of the center of rotation in a total wrist arthroplasty is more than twice of the healthy wrist
Authors: Akhbari Bardiya , Morton Amy M. , Shah Kalpit N. , Molino Janine , Moore Douglas C. , Weiss Arnold‐Peter C. , Wolfe Scott W. , Crisco Joseph J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractReproduction of healthy wrist biomechanics should minimize the abnormal joint forces that could potentially result in the failure of a total wrist arthroplasty (TWA). To date, the in vivo kinematics of TWA have not been measured and it is unknown if TWA preserves healthy wrist kinematics. Therefore, the purpose of this in vivo study was to determine the center of rotation (COR) for a current TWA design and to compare its location to the healthy wrist. The wrist COR for six patients with TWA and 10 healthy subjects were calculated using biplane videoradiography as the subjects performed various range‐of‐motion and functional tasks that included coupled wrist motions. An open‐source registration software, Autoscoper, was used for model‐based tracking and kinematics analysis. It was demonstrated that the COR was located near the centers of curvatures of the carpal component for the anatomical motions of flexion‐extension and radial‐ulnar deviation. When compared to healthy wrists, the COR of TWAs was located more distal in both pure radial deviation (P < .0001) and pure ulnar deviation (P = .07), while there was no difference in its location in pure flexion or extension (P = .99). Across all coupled motions, the TWA's COR shifted more than two times that of the healthy wrists in the proximal‐distal direction (17.1 vs 7.2 mm). We postulate that the mismatch in the COR location and behavior may be associated with increased loading of the TWA components, leading to an increase in the risk of component and/or interface failure.
Effect of nonionic surfactant Brij 35 on morphology, cloud point, and pigment stability in Monascus extractive fermentation
Authors: Yang Xuelian , Xiang Longbei , Dong Ye , Cao Yanping , Wang Chengtao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDNonionic surfactant Brij 35 in submerged fermentation of Monascus can significantly increase Monascus pigment yield. Here, the effects of nonionic surfactant Brij 35 on Monascus pigment secretion in extractive fermentation are discussed in terms of cell morphology, cloud point change, and pigment stability.RESULTSAt Brij 35 concentrations up to 32 g L−1, the higher concentrations led to the loosening of the network structure on the surface of the fungal wall, enhanced cell wall permeability, and increased abundance of lipid droplets. Alternatively, when the concentration of Brij 35 exceeded 32 g L−1, a large amount of substances accumulated on the surface of the fungal wall, permeability reduced, and the degree of oil droplet dispersion in cells decreased. Further, during extractive fermentation, Brij 35 induced formation of a grid structure on the fungal wall surface beginning on day 2, increased the number of intracellular lipid droplets, and promoted intracellular pigment secretion into the extracellular environment. When the cloud point temperature in the fermentation system approached that of fermentation, the nonionic surfactant exhibited stronger Monascus pigment extraction capacity, thereby enhancing pigment yield. Hence, Brij 35 can improve pigment stability and effectively reduce damage caused by natural factors, such as light and temperature.CONCLUSIONBrij 35 promotes the secretion of pigment by changing the fungal wall structure and cloud point, as well as by improving pigment stability. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Dissipation behavior, residue distribution and dietary risk assessment of cyromazine, acetamiprid and their mixture in cowpea and cowpea field soil
Authors: Fu Duhan , Zhang Shanying , Wang Meng , Liang Xiaoyu , Xie Yanli , Zhang Yu , Zhang Chenghui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCyromazine and acetamiprid are widely applied as pesticides in agriculture, causing increasing concerns about their residues in crops. In this study, cyromazine, acetamiprid and their mixture were applied to cowpea to investigate their degradation dynamics and perform a dietary risk assessment.RESULTSThe dissipation behavior of cyromazine and acetamiprid in the single‐ and mixed‐pesticide groups followed first‐order kinetics, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.910 to 0.987. The half‐lives of cyromazine and acetamiprid were 1.56–11.18 days in the four different matrices. The half‐life of cyromazine in the mixed‐pesticide group was similar to or even shorter than that in the single‐pesticide group. The highest levels of cyromazine and acetamiprid in cowpea occurred with a preharvest interval of 7 days and after two or three applications. These levels are below the maximum residue limits recommended by the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture for cyromazine and acetamiprid in cowpea. The risk quotient of cyromazine and acetamiprid ranged from 0.0018 to 0.0418, and the national estimated short‐term intake values of the cyromazine and acetamiprid were far below the acute reference dose as recommended by the European Food Safety Authority.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that the use of cyromazine and acetamiprid and a cyromazine–acetamiprid mixture in cowpea is safe under the Good Agricultural Practices for Chinese fields, and the use of a cyromazine–acetamiprid mixture affords even better results than the application of cyromazine alone. Moreover, the residue dynamics information will support the label claims for the application of cyromazine, acetamiprid and a cyromazine–acetamiprid mixture to cowpea fruit. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Cognitive Processing Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder via Telehealth: Practical Considerations During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Moring John C. , Dondanville Katherine A. , Fina Brooke A. , Hassija Christina , Chard Kathleen , Monson Candice , LoSavio Stefanie T. , Wells Stephanie Y. , Morland Leslie A. , Kaysen Debra , Galovski Tara E. , Resick Patricia A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe global outbreak of COVID‐19 has required mental health providers to rapidly rethink and adapt how they provide care. Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a trauma‐focused, evidence‐based treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder that is effective when delivered in‐person or via telehealth. Given current limitations on the provision of in‐person mental health treatment during the COVID‐19 pandemic, this article presents guidelines and treatment considerations when implementing CPT via telehealth. Based on lessons learned from prior studies and clinical delivery of CPT via telehealth, recommendations are made with regard to overall strategies for adapting CPT to a telehealth format, including how to conduct routine assessments and ensure treatment fidelity.
Presbylarynx: Does Body Muscle Mass Correlate With Vocal Atrophy? A Prospective Case Control Study
Authors: Santos Mariline , Freitas Susana V. , Dias David , Costa Joana , Coutinho Miguel , Sousa Cecília A. , da Silva Álvaro M. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo analyze the potential association between body muscle mass and presbylarynx.MethodsStudy performed on subjects referred to the otorhinolaryngology department in a tertiary center between January and September 2019 . Based on endoscopic findings of the larynx, the patients were subdivided into two main groups: presbylarynx versus no presbylarynx. Data regarding gender, body composition, self‐assessment of vocal complaints, and functional assessment were collected.Study DesignCase control, prospective, observational and cross‐sectional.ResultsThe study population included a total of 115 Caucasian subjects (43 males; 72 females). Presbylarynx was identified in 43 patients (37, 39%) with no statistically predilection by gender (P = .668). The mean age of the patients with presbylarynx was slightly higher, but differences between groups were not statistically significant (P = .072). Results showed an association between functional impairment (score 4 of Katz Index and score 5 of Functional Ambulation Classification) and presence of presbylarynx (P < .001). Additionally, a positive association between the absence of presbylarynx and sport activity was also observed (P < .001). The mean value of muscle mass between presbylarynx and no presbylarynx groups was statistically different (P < .01), with a lower mean for subjects with presbylarynx.ConclusionThis case control prospective study confirms that the general age‐related degeneration of body muscle mass might play an important role in the course of presbylarynx. In the future, preventing strategies based on regular sport activities and improvements on functional status can play an important role in the management of aging voice.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 131:E226–E230, 2021