bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Education for Preterm Infant Delivery Room Management at Community Hospitals
Authors: Barbato Alana L. , Wetzel Elizabeth A. , Li Wenfang , Bo Na , Mayer Lisa , Byrne Bobbi J. 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND:
Preterm infants are at risk for hypothermia in the delivery room (DR). Hypothermia and community hospital delivery are factors associated with increased morbidities and mortality in preterm infants. Community hospital providers have less experience with preterm deliveries and thermoregulation methods in the DR.

METHODS:
Community hospital DR providers in Indiana completed a cognitive test evaluating preterm infant DR management. A simulation-based team assessment was evaluated by using a scoring tool. After debriefing, the simulation performance was repeated and rescored. Afterward, providers completed a cognitive knowledge posttest. Eleven to eighteen months later, sites were revisited with cognitive knowledge and team simulated scenarios reassessed.

RESULTS:
Twenty-five community hospitals with &gt;400 multidisciplinary providers participated in the initial study visit. Average pre- and posttest scores were 48.8% and 94.1% respectively (P value &lt;.001). Participants performed an average of 22.8 of 36 scoring items during a simulated preterm delivery including 4.4 of 8 thermoregulation related actions. Performance immediately improved in a statistically significant manner during the repeat scenario. When sites were revisited, participants performed an average of 26.7 of 36 scoring items including 6.1 of 8 thermoregulation actions during a simulated preterm delivery a statistically significant (P &lt;.001) improvement from the initial visit.

CONCLUSIONS:
Simulation education regarding preterm infant DR management improved community providers immediate knowledge and skills and also follow-up performance at ∼1 year. In simulation, providers performed thermoregulation maneuvers more often and efficiently, critical to resuscitation because delays in thermoregulation can significantly adversely affect outcomes.
Deficiency of Mettl3 in Bladder Cancer Stem Cells inhibits Bladder Cancer Progression and Angiogenesis
Authors: Wang Ganping , Dai Yarong , Li Kang , Cheng Maosheng , Xiong Gan , Wang Xiaochen , Chen Shuang , Chen Zhi , Chen Jianwen , Xu Xiuyun , Peng Liang , Chen Demeng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: RNA N6-methyladenosine is a key step of post-transcriptional modulation which involves in governing gene expression. The m6A modification catalyzed by Mettl3 has been widely recognized as a critical epigenetic regulation process for tumorigenic properties in various cancer cell lines, including bladder cancer. However, the in vivo function of Mettl3 in bladder cancer remains largely unknown. Methods: Establishment of transgenic mouse model for exploring the role and mechanisms of Mettl3 in bladder cancer. Coupled global transcriptome sequencing and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing is performed to identify targets modulated by Mettl3.Results: We found that ablation of Mettl3 in bladder urothelial attenuates the oncogenesis and tumor angiogenesis of bladder cancer. In addition, conditional knockout of Mettl3 in K14+ bladder cancer stem cell population leads to inhibition of bladder cancer progression. And deletion of Mettl3 leads to the suppression of TEK and VEGF-A through reduced abundance of m6A peaks on specific region. Conclusions: Taken together, Mettl3-mediated m6A modification is required for the activation of TEK-VEGF-A-mediated tumor progression and angiogenesis. Our findings may provide theoretical basis for bladder cancer treatment targeting Mettl3.
Superhydrophobic Ceramic Hollow Fibre Membranes for Trapping Carbon Dioxide from Natural Gas Via the Membrane Contactor System
Authors: Saud Iltifat Hameed , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan , Hubadillah Siti Khadijah , Aziz Mohd Haiqal Abd , Pauzan Mohammad Arif Budiman , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Jaafar Juhana , Rahman Mukhlis A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The membrane contactor system is one of the most important technologies to trap CO2 from natural gas. To apply this technology, hollow fibre membranes with a superhydrophobic surface must be used. Three types of fluoroalkyl silane (FAS) molecules [C6, C8, C10] at different immersion times (6, 24, 48,72 h) were used to modify kaolin hollow fiber membrane into the superhydrophobic property to capture CO2 from natural gas via contacting gas-liquid system. The kaolin was chosen due to its abundantly available at an affordable price as well as a high amount of groups hydroxyl (OH) in the surface which easily reacts with (FAS) during the grafting process. Superhydrophobicity was distinguished by Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw) measurement, and contact angle (CA). The chosen superhydrophobic kaolin membrane was tested for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture via the membrane contactor system. With increasing time of immersion, the hydrophobicity phenomena raised gradually until superhydrophobicity property was obtained. It was proved that the 48 hours was sufficient time to obtain the desired superhydrophobicity property to avoid wetting pores of the membranes. Besides, the perfect type of FAS for separation CO2 was C8 based on sufficient LEPw and contact angle. The reduction of pH was observed after testing the performance of using membrane contactor to separate CO2 by water as absorbent where pH value was reduced from 6.6 to 4.3 within one hour, which concludes that the success of the gas-liquid system to remove CO2 from natural gas.
CMV Infection, CD19+ B Cell Depletion, and Lymphopenia as Predictors for Unexpected Admission in the Institutionalized Elderly
Authors: Chen LiangYu , Hwang An-Chun , Huang Chung-Yu , Chen Liang-Kung , Wang Fu-Der , Chan Yu-Jiun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic infections played a detrimental role on health outcomes in the aged population, and had complex associations with lymphocyte subsets distribution. Our study aimed to explore the predictive roles of chronic infections, lymphopenia, and lymphocyte subsets on unexpected admission and mortality in the institutionalized elderly during 3 year follow-up period.Results: There were 163 participants enrolled prospectively with median age of 87.3 years (IQR: 83.1-90.2), male of 88.3%, and being followed for 156.4 weeks (IQR: 136.9-156.4 weeks). The unexpected admission and mortality rates were 55.2% and 24.5% respectively. The Cox proportional hazards models demonstrated the 3rd quartile of cytomegalovirus IgG (OR: 3.26, 95% CI: 1.55- 6.84), lymphopenia (OR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.2- 6.74), and 1st quartile of CD19+ B cell count (OR: 2.84, 95% CI: 1.29- 6.25) predicted elevated risks of unexpected admission after adjusting for potential confounders; while the 3rd quartile of CD3+ T cell indicated a reduced risk of mortality (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05- 0.71). Negative association between CMV IgG and CD19+ B cell count suggested that CMV infection might lead to B cell depletion rather than clonal expansion.Conclusions: CMV infection, lymphopenia, and CD19+ B cell depletion might predict greater risk of unexpected admission, while more CD3+ T cell would suggest a reduced risk of mortality among the oldest-old population. A non-linear or U-shaped relationship was supposed between health outcomes and CMV infection, CD3+ T cell, or CD19+ B cell counts. Further prospective studies with more participants included would be needed to elucidate above findings.
Radiotherapy Dosimetry Audits in Taiwan Hospitals
Authors: Shiau An-Cheng , Hsu Shih-Ming , Huang Pei-Yun , Chen Chiu-Ping , Huang Yi-Ting , Lien Ke-Yu , Chen Chin-Ping , Fan Shung-Hwei , Jeng Shiu-Chen , Chen Ho-Hsing , Liang Ji-An 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose: This study examines the practice of the regulation of Standards for Medical Exposure Quality Assurance (SMEQA) in Taiwan based on on-site quality audit for radiation therapy systems from 2016 to 2019. Methods and Materials: about 81 radiation therapy departments, 141 medical linear accelerators, 9 gamma knifes, 34 high dose rate brachytherapy systems, 20 Tomotherapys and 6 Cyberknives were audited yearly. The inspection was implemented in two stages. Data collection and analysis for each institute’s documents including QA operating procedure, ion chamber and electrometer calibration reports, and a questionnaire relating to machine type and staffing, were requested first and reviewed by specially trained auditors. On-site measurements of SMEQA core items, including beam output, beam profile and energy constancy for external beam therapy systems, and the source strength, positioning and timer accuracy for brachytherapy systems were audited second. More than 300 photon beams were measured from linacs, Gamma knives, Cyberknives and Tomotherapys, and more than 400 electron beams from linacs each year.Results: The radiation treatment resource is about 8.9 therapy machines or 7.5 MV/MeV/ion beam therapy machines per million population, respectively, and there are on average about 1.20 medical physicists per radiation therapy unit in Taiwan. There were more than 78% and 75% of photon and electron beams respectively from linacs with deviations measured to the stated reference-point dose within 1.0%. Photon beams have lower beam quality measurement deviations than electron beams, and more than 90% of photon beams from linacs were within 1.0%. Including in-plane and cross-plane measurements, more than 90% and 85% of photon and electron beams respectively with flatness consistency within 1.0%. Beam symmetry as an absolute value has more than 75% of measurements within 1.0%. All audit measurements in this study were within the SMEQA acceptance criteria.Conclusions: On-site machine QA audits have been implemented from 2016 to 2019 for all radiation therapy units each year. The measurement results have shown a high quality machine performance in Taiwan.
HPV with genital pathogens and antibiotics resistance genes among female sex worker
Authors: Tovo Sessi Frida Appoline , Zohoncon Théodora Mahoukèdè , Dabire Amana Metuor , Ilboudo Régine , Tiemtoré Rahimatou Yasmine , Obiri-Yeboah Dorcas , Yonli Albert Théophane , Ouédraogo Rogomenoma Alice , Ouattara Abdoul Karim , Sorgho Pegdwende Abel , Ouermi Djeneba , Djigma Florencia Wendkuuni , Ouédraogo Charlemagne , Sangaré Lassana , Simporé Jacques 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Context: Genital infections and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) remain a real public health problem in the world predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to determine co-infection of HPV, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG); Chlamydia trachomatis (CT); Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) among female sex workers in West Africa and to search antibiotics resistance genes. This study could serve as a support for the management of patients infected. Methods: The study took place in Ouagadougou in July 2019 and from June to July 2020. It was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims. A total of 182 samples from sex workers of West and Central African origins, were analyzed by real-time PCR and resistance genes by classical PCR after DNA extraction. Data were entered and analyzed using the IBM SPSS software in its 21 version and Epi Info 6. Tables and figures were produced using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20 and Microsoft Excel 2007. Chi-square and fischer tests were used for comparisons Epi info version 7. with a significant difference for p ˂ 0.05. Results: These women, who came from nine different countries, were aged 17–50 years with an average age of 27.12 ± 6.09 years and had an average of 415.9 ± 75.2 sexual partners per year. HPV and vaginosis co-infection (NG, CT, MG and TV) was 85%. The prevalence of bacteria was: NG 13.74%, CT 11.54% and MG 11.54%. Among the HPV co-infections the most common were HPV/NG (15%), HPV/MG (12%), and HPV/CT (8%). %). The antibiotic resistance genes identified are: bla QNR B 24%, bla GES 22%, bla SHV 17%, bla CTX−M 13%; bla QNR S 1%. Conclusions: This study showed that the majority of sex workers of West and Central African origin working in Ouagadougou were infected with multiple STIs. This confirms that the presence of genital infections and STIs remains a real public health problem. The scale of these infections and the detection of associated resistance genes require increased surveillance of the molecular epidemiology of these pathogens.
Preference for Initiation of End-of-Life Care Discussion: a quantitative study
Authors: Eng Venita , Hewitt Victoria , Kekalih Aria 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Initiating discussion about end of life is often considered a difficult topic for healthcare providers, thus there is a need for further research to understand this area, particularly in developing countries. This study seeks to describe preferences for the initiation of end-of-life care conversations in Indonesia, comparing the general population and health care professionals.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study to gain quantitative data utilizing a questionnaire distributed online. There was a total of 368 respondents (254 general population (69%); 114 healthcare professionals (31%)) with a consecutive sampling method. Result: Overall, most respondents (80.4%) would like to discuss the end of life issues with a healthcare professional in case of terminal illness. This was more marked amongst health care professionals compared with the general population (94% vs. 75%, respectively, p < 0,001). The preferred time for discussion was at first diagnosis (63%) or the request of the patients (27%), and the preferred person to start the discussion was the doctor (64%). Depth of information varies as fewer respondents would want to know about prognosis than diagnosis (76% v 93%).Conclusion: Doctors have vital role in end-of-life care discussion, and attempts should be made to encourage physicians to initiate end-of-life care discussion when needed. Further qualitative study in this topic would help to create a practical guideline to aid physicians in end-of-life care discussion.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on other respiratory virus outbreaks
Authors: Yum Sujin , Hong Kwan , Kim Jeehyun , Chun Byung Chul 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The preventive measures to control the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic could affect other virus outbreaks. However, any changes in their incidence have not been evaluated. This study aimed to determine how the COVID-19 management policy has influenced the positive rates of other respiratory viruses. We collected data from the weekly reports of Korea Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Surveillance System on eight targeted viruses—adenovirus, human bocavirus, human coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, human rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus—from weeks 1 to 18 per year for the past 10 years. We compared the mean of each week in 2020 with the past 10 years using paired t-test. The study period was divided based on the date of the first COVID-19 case in South Korea (before: weeks 1–4; after: weeks 5–18). The overall positive rate of the respiratory viral infection was 38.7% in 2020 and 62.0% in 2010–2019. The positive rates of respiratory viruses with seasonality—hRV, IFV, and PIV—decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the positive rate of RSV increased significantly in the early weeks, the changes after week 5 were not significant. This phenomenon may be attributed to the strict COVID-19 control measures.
Multiparametric MRI and 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT for detection of locally recurrent prostate cancer after low dose rate brachytherapy
Authors: Walker Stephanie M. , Fernandez Martina , Roy Soumyajit , Mena Esther , Sackett Jonathan , Mease Ronnie , Merino Maria , Pomper Martin , Salerno Kilian , Schott Erica , Wood Bradford , Pinto Peter , Lindenberg Liza , Choyke Peter , Citrin Deborah , Turkbey Baris 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and purpose: Both multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have shown promise in early localization of prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence after primary external beam radiotherapy. Detecting recurrence after brachytherapy for PCa using MRI is significantly hampered by susceptibility artifacts secondary to brachy seeds. Here, we compare the efficacy of 18F-DCFPyL (2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-[(6-18F-fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-pentyl}-ureido)-pentanedioic acid) PET/CT versus mpMRI for detecting sites of local recurrence after low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy for prostate cancer.Materials and methods: A total of 155 patients with a history of recurrent PCa who underwent mpMRI at 3 Tesla and 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who underwent LDR brachytherapy for PCa and had subsequent biochemical recurrence (BCR) followed by mpMRI and 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT were included in this study. mpMRI was performed on a 3T scanner with endorectal and surface coils and images were prospectively read by a single expert radiologist. The 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT scan was prospectively interpreted by two nuclear medicine physicians. Patients underwent targeted biopsy when deemed clinically necessary and specimens were interpreted by an expert GU pathologist. Positivity rates (PR) from mpMRI and 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT were compared, and pathology results were used to calculate the positive predictive value (PPV) of each imaging modality for detecting PCa recurrence.Results: 15 patients who underwent LDR brachytherapy and had subsequent biochemical failure were imaged with mpMRI and 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT. 18 non-lymph node lesions were identified on at least one imaging modality. The PR for detection of intraprostatic lesions was 60% (9/15) for both PET/CT and mpMRI, with 3 prostate lesions detected by only one modality. 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT identified pelvic and extra-pelvic lymph nodes in 8 (53%) patients, while mpMRI noted positive lymph node findings in only 2 (13%) patients. A total of 15 lesions corresponding to 9 patients were targeted for biopsy. The PPV of 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT and mpMRI for the detection of local recurrence were 84.6% and 71.4%, respectively. For the detection of intraprostatic lesions, 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT and mpMRI had a PPV of 87.5% and 71.4%, respectively. Conclusion: This case series analysis suggests that 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT may detect local and regional recurrent PCa after LDR brachytherapy at a higher rate than mpMRI and that it has the potential to detect suspicious pelvic lymph nodes at a much higher rate. Further studies are needed to validate these findings in larger cohorts.
A Genomic Census of the Chicken Gut Microbiome using Metagenomics and Culture
Authors: Gilroy Rachel , Ravi Anuradha , Getino Maria , Pursley Isabella , Horton Daniel , Alikhan Nabil-Fareed , Baker David , Gharbi Karim , Hall Neil , Watson Mick , Adriaenssens Evelien M. , Foster-Nyarko Ebenezer , Jarju Sheikh , Secka Arss , Antonio Martin , Oren Aharon , Chaudhuri Roy , Ragione Roberto La , Hildebrand Falk , Pallen Mark 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background. The chicken is the most abundant food animal in the world. However, despite its importance, the chicken gut microbiome remains largely undefined. Here, we exploit culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches to deliver a genomic blueprint of this complex microbial community.Results. We performed metagenomic sequencing of fifty chicken faecal samples from two breeds and analysed these, alongside all (n=582) relevant publicly available chicken metagenomes, to cluster over 20 million non-redundant genes and to construct over 5,500 metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes. In addition, we recovered nearly 600 bacteriophage genomes This represents the most comprehensive view of the chicken gut associated microbiome to date, encompassing dozens of novel candidate bacterial genera and hundreds of novel candidate species. Keen to provide a stable, clear and memorable nomenclature for novel species, we devised a scalable combinatorial system for the creation of hundreds of well-formed Latin binomials. We cultured and genome-sequenced bacterial isolates from faeces, documenting thirty novel species, together with three species from the genus Escherichia, including the newly named species Escherichia whittamii.Conclusions. Our metagenomic and culture-based analyses provide new insights into the bacterial, archaeal and bacteriophage components of the chicken gut microbiome. The resulting datasets expand the known diversity of the chicken gut microbiome and provides a key resource for future high-resolution taxonomic and functional studies on the chicken gut microbiome.
Clinicopathological correlation of p63 in Urothelial Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Kaur Rupinderjit , Manjari Mridu , Piplani Sanjay 
Published: November 2020

Background: Urothelial cancer (UCa) poses a significant medical and public health concern in most parts of the world and is defined as a pan- urothelial disease in which entire urothelium of the renal pelvis to the urethra can undergo malignant transformation. Bladder tumors account for 90–95% of urothelial carcinomas and are the most common urinary tract malignancy. It is three times less common in females.
Methods: The study was conducted on 40 cases of Urothelial Carcinoma received as biopsy specimens in a tertiary care hospital. There were 20 cases each of low grade and high grade and after grading these were subjected to p63 expression.
Result: 78% of the patients were from 50-75 year age group with Male to Female ratio being 4:1. Painless hematuria was most common complaint. The size varied from 0.5 to 7.2 cm.
For P63, 38 (95%) cases showed positive p63 expression. Of which 20 cases were low grade and 18 (90%) were high grade papillary urothelial carcinomas. Of P63 positive cases 36 cases showed moderate to strong staining intensity whereas two cases showed mild staining intensity. The p63 expression decreased with grade and invasion.
Conclusion: P63 immunoexpression decreases with increasing grade of tumor as well as with invasion thus showing that its expression is related with good prognosis.