bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolite identification using an ion mobility enhanced data‐independent acquisition strategy and automated data processing
Authors: Radchenko Tatiana , Kochansky Christopher J. , Cancilla Mark , Wrona Mark D. , Mortishire‐Smith Russell J. , Kirk Jayne , Murray Gordon , Fontaine Fabien , Zamora Ismael 
Published: March 2020

RationaleLiquid chromatography/mass spectrometry is an essential tool for efficient and reliable quantitative and qualitative analysis and underpins much of contemporary drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. Data‐independent acquisition methods such as MSE have reduced the potential to miss metabolites, but do not formally generate quadrupole‐resolved product ion spectra. The addition of ion mobility separation to these approaches, for example, in High‐Definition MSE (HDMSE) has the potential to reduce the time needed to set up an experiment and maximize the chance that all metabolites present can be resolved and characterized. We compared High‐Definition Data‐Dependent Acquisition (HD‐DDA), MSE and HDMSE approaches using automated software processing with Mass‐MetaSite and WebMetabase.MethodsMetabolite identification was performed on incubations of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (7‐37) (GLP‐1) and verapamil hydrochloride. The HD‐DDA, MSE and HDMSE experiments were conducted on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC I‐Class LC system with a VION IMS quadrupole time‐of‐flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer operating under UNIFI control. All acquired data were processed using MassMetaSite able to read data from UNIFI 1.9.4. WebMetabase was used to review the detected chromatographic peaks and the spectral data interpretations.ResultsA comparison of outcomes obtained for MSE and HDMSE data demonstrated that the same structures were proposed for metabolites of both verapamil and GLP‐1. The ratio of structurally matched to mismatched product ions found by MassMetaSite was slightly greater for HDMSE than for MSE, and HD‐DDA, thus improving confidence in the structures proposed through the addition of ion mobility based data acquisitions.ConclusionsHDMSE data acquisition is an effective approach for the elucidation of metabolite structures for both small molecules and peptides, with excellent accuracy and quality, requiring minimal tailoring for the compound under investigation.
The Capaciousness of No: Affective Refusals as Literacy Practices
Authors: Truman Sarah E. , Hackett Abigail , Pahl Kate , McLean Davies Larissa , Escott Hugh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe authors considered the capacious feeling that emerges from saying no to literacy practices, and the affective potential of saying noasa literacy practice. The authors highlight the affective possibilities of saying no to normative understandings of literacy, thinking with a series of vignettes in which children, young people, and teachers refused literacy practices in different ways. The authors use the termcapaciousto signal possibilities that are as yet unthought: a sense of broadening and opening out through enacting no. The authors examined how attention to affect ruptures humanist logics that inform normative approaches to literacy. Through attention to nonconscious, noncognitive, and transindividual bodily forces and capacities, affect deprivileges the human as the sole agent in an interaction, thus disrupting measurements of who counts as a literate subject and what counts as a literacy event. No is an affective moment. It can signal a pushback, an absence, or a silence. As a theoretical and methodological way of thinking/feeling with literacy, affect proposes problems rather than solutions, countering solution‐focused research in which the resistance is to be overcome, co‐opted, or solved. Affect operates as a crack or a chink, a tiny ripple, a barely perceivable gesture, that can persist and, in doing so, hold open the possibility for alternative futures.
Making Europe go from bottles to the tap: Political and societal attempts to induce behavioral change
Authors: Tosun Jale , Scherer Ulrike , Schaub Simon , Horn Harald 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn several European countries and at the level of the European Union, we can observe political and societal attempts to promote the use of tap water. Most prominently, the European Commission proposed revisions for the Drinking Water Directive, which includes strategies for promoting the consumption of tap water. The strategies comprise the following: improving access to tap water, upgrading quality standards for tap water, and enhancing transparency concerning the benefits of tap water. National initiatives in European countries pursue similar strategies that concentrate on enhancing access to tap water and communicating its economic, environmental, and social benefits. By drawing on existent literature in different disciplines, we assess how promising these strategies are for inducing individuals to drink tap water rather than bottled water. Our overview reveals that our knowledge regarding the quality dimension is very good: numerous studies on European countries have shown that dissatisfaction with the sensory properties and health‐related concerns prevent individuals from drinking (more) tap water and opting for bottled water instead. The body of research with a specific focus on Europe is significantly smaller concerning the other two dimensions: access to tap water and the benefits of tap water. Nonetheless, there is indicative and preliminary evidence that improved access to tap water and a better communication of the benefits of tap water could positively affect consumption patterns.This article is categorized under:Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of WaterHuman Water > Water GovernanceHuman Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Die Misteltherapie in der Behandlung von Patienten mit einer Krebserkrankung
Authors: Rostock Matthias 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Mistel (Viscum album L.) ist im deutschen Sprachraum nach wie vor die Heilpflanze, die bei Patienten mit einer Krebserkrankung am häufigsten verordnet wird. Der Impuls dazu geht vielfach vom Patienten selbst aus und fordert vom Behandler eine fundierte Berücksichtigung im Beratungsgespräch.Mistelextrakte stehen im deutschen Sprachraum als zugelassene Arzneimittel zur Verfügung (basierend auf den Monografien der Kommissionen C und E beim Bundesamt für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte). Die Behandlungskosten werden in der Schweiz regelhaft und in Deutschland in der palliativen Erkrankungssituation von den gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen getragen. In der adjuvanten Therapiesituation kann auch in Deutschland bei Bedarf eine Kostenübernahme durch den behandelnden Arzt beantragt werden.Das Inhaltsstoffspektrum umfasst u. a. Mistellektine, Viscotoxine, Flavonoide, Aminosäuren, Polysaccharide und Membranlipide. In präklinischen Untersuchungen wurden u. a. zytotoxische, apoptoseinduzierende und immunmodulatorische Wirkungen gezeigt.Ein großer Teil der aktuell vorliegenden klinischen Studien weist auf eine supportive Wirksamkeit von Mistelextrakten bei tumorkranken Menschen hin, wenngleich die methodische Qualität dieser Studien z. T. kontrovers diskutiert wird. In Bezug auf eine mögliche Verlängerung der Überlebenszeit bei bestehender Tumorerkrankung ist die klinische Datenlage inkonsistent. Die Daten zur Beeinflussung der Lebensqualität der Patienten sowie der Verträglichkeit einer antitumoralen Behandlung werden positiver bewertet.Angesichts des hohen Bedarfs auf Patientenseite und zunehmender Evidenz durch klinische Studien sollten sowohl die Verordnungsmöglichkeiten aufrechterhalten werden als auch die wissenschaftliche Evaluation fortgeführt werden.
Die Behandlung des Diabetes mellitus: Mythen und Evidenz
Authors: Göke Burkhard 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungSchon vor mehr als 3500 Jahren wurden Stoffwechselstörungen beschrieben, deren Symptome den heute bekannten Formenkreis des Diabetes mellitus widerspiegeln. Über Jahrhunderte gab es Erklärungsansätze für diese Krankheitsbilder und frustrane Behandlungsversuche; Mythen und Fehleinschätzungen haben teilweise bis heute Bestand. Vor 200 Jahren setzte eine sich im 20. Jahrhundert rapide beschleunigende Zunahme der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse und Therapiekonzepte ein. Obwohl Diabetes heute sehr viel besser diagnostiziert, klassifiziert und behandelt werden kann, leben manche traditionelle Mythen fort und es entstehen neue Fehleinschätzungen. In diesem narrativen Übersichtsbeitrag werden gängige Mythen zur Diabetesentstehung und -behandlung besprochen und die Evidenz für aktuelle Therapieverfahren vorgestellt.Unter Berücksichtigung realistischer Therapieziele hinsichtlich der Blutzuckereinstellung werden zunehmend Endpunktstudien zur kardiovaskulären Morbidität und Mortalität durchgeführt. Polyvalente Konzepte verdrängen den klassischen glucozentrischen Behandlungsansatz des Typ-2-Diabetes. Mit dem Einzug der molekularen Medizin und anderer disruptiver Innovationen wird ein Paradigmenwechsel in der Therapie erwartet, der möglicherweise dennoch von alten und neuen Mythen begleitet wird. Dieses Phänomen ist bei der Entwicklung neuer Behandlungsformen zu beachten.
Herbert Sukopp – an inspiring pioneer in the field of urban ecology
Authors: Kowarik Ingo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUrban ecology is a well-established integrative discipline with many historical roots. One of the eminent pioneers of urban ecology is the German ecologist Herbert Sukopp, who works in Berlin since the late 1950s and is often referred to as the founder of the "Berlin School of Urban Ecology". On the occasion of his 90th anniversary in 2020, this paper aims to recognize and commemorate the major contributions of Sukopp to the field of urban ecology, based on his scientific work and on results of an online survey on his perception in the international scientific community. Sukopp’s contributions were groundbreaking for the establishment of urban ecology. Specifically, his work furthered: (1) the performance of comprehensive biodiversity studies across all land-use types within the city, in relation to the specifics of urban environments; (2) the establishment of modern approaches of nature conservation in cities and their integration into all land-use types, and the city as a whole; (3) the formation of a multidisciplinary conceptual basis of urban ecology as a modern science, with combined scientific and applied perspectives, ultimately aiming at the preservation and further development of nature within cities for the benefit of urban residents. Herbert Sukopp is thus an important and inspiring pioneer in the field of urban ecology.
Rural–urban health disparities for mood disorders and obesity in a midwestern community
Authors: Patten Christi A. , Juhn Young J. , Ryu Euijung , Wi Chung-Il , King Katherine S. , Bublitz Josh T. , Pignolo Robert J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Prior studies indicate greater disease burden for obesity among rural compared with urban residents but no differences for mood disorder based on geographic location. Recent attention has focused on the need to examine regional rural–urban disparities in disease burden. We focused on mood disorders and obesity prevalence within three southeastern Minnesota counties served by the Mayo Clinic Center for Translational Science Award, in Rochester, Minnesota, as these were top priorities identified in community health needs assessments.Methods:Cross-sectional study to assess the association of rural–urban locality on 5-year (2009–2014) prevalence of mood disorder and obesity obtained using the Rochester Epidemiological Project medical records linkage system, among subjects residing in three mixed rural–urban counties on April 1, 2014. Multivariable analyses adjusted for demographics, socioeconomic status using an individual housing-based measure, and counties.Results:The study cohort (percent rural location) included 91,202 (15%) for Olmsted, 10,197 (51%) in Dodge, and 10,184 (57%) in Wabasha counties. On multivariate analysis, 5-year prevalence of mood disorders and obesity was significantly greater for urban compared with rural residents, after adjusting for confounders; odds ratios (95% confidence intervals): 1.21 (1.17–1.26), P < 0.001, and 1.05 (1.01–1.10), P = 0.016, respectively. Observed effects were not modified in additional models adjusted for health care utilization (HCU; ≥1 general medical examination visit and flu vaccination).Conclusions:Rural–urban health disparities for burden of mood disorders and obesity are independent of socioeconomic status and HCU in a Midwestern community. It is important to assess potential regional heterogeneity of rural–urban disparities on health outcomes.
Chronology of COVID-19 Cases on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship and Ethical Considerations: A Report From Japan
Authors: Nakazawa Eisuke , Ino Hiroyasu , Akabayashi Akira 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThe Diamond Princess cruise ship has been anchored at the Yokohama port in Japan since February 3, 2020. A total of 691 cases of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection had been confirmed as of February 23. The government initially assumed that the infection was not spreading aboard and therefore indicated that any persons who either tested negative for the virus or were asymptomatic should immediately disembark. However, on February 5, the government set a 14-day health observation period because of the severity of the infection. Passengers confirmed to be free from infection began disembarking on Day 15 (February 19) of the quarantine. The effectiveness and validity of infection control, justification for the timing of inspections, and even the nature of COVID-19 itself now are all in question. The ethical considerations related to cruise ship infection control include the reasonable justification for isolation, the psychological fragility and quality of life of the isolated passengers and crew members, the procedural justice inherent in a forced quarantine, and the optimization of control measures.The international coordination framework and the global ramifications of such outbreaks should be reevaluated by the international community. Denying a ship’s entry based on local politics is incompatible with global justice. Events such as these require an international response and global regulations that seek to reduce disparities.
TENSOR-PRODUCT COACTION FUNCTORS
Authors: KALISZEWSKI S. , LANDSTAD MAGNUS B. , QUIGG JOHN 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecent work by Baum et al. [‘Expanders, exact crossed products, and the Baum–Connes conjecture’, Ann. K-Theory 1(2) (2016), 155–208], further developed by Buss et al. [‘Exotic crossed products and the Baum–Connes conjecture’, J. reine angew. Math. 740 (2018), 111–159], introduced a crossed-product functor that involves tensoring an action with a fixed action $(C,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE})$, then forming the image inside the crossed product of the maximal-tensor-product action. For discrete groups, we give an analogue for coaction functors. We prove that composing our tensor-product coaction functor with the full crossed product of an action reproduces their tensor-crossed-product functor. We prove that every such tensor-product coaction functor is exact, and if $(C,\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE})$ is the action by translation on $\ell ^{\infty }(G)$, we prove that the associated tensor-product coaction functor is minimal, thereby recovering the analogous result by the above authors. Finally, we discuss the connection with the $E$-ization functor we defined earlier, where $E$ is a large ideal of $B(G)$.
Dominance of Shortwave Radiative Heating in the Sea‐Land Breeze Amplitude and its Impacts on Atmospheric Visibility in Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Shen Lixing , Zhao Chuanfeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study uses 21‐year observations to analyze the characteristics of sea‐land breeze (SLB) circulation and its potential influencing factors in the metropolis of Tokyo. Unlike in other megacities, the magnitude of the SLB in Tokyo does not show a decreasing trend over the years. It is found that the diurnal variation magnitude of the SLB fits an approximately sinusoidal function. The diurnal variation amplitude mainly depends on shortwave radiation that reaches the ground. Stronger radiation is often accompanied by SLB circulation with greater energy, which helps transport more air pollution in the urban area of Tokyo. Correspondingly, atmospheric visibility shows good correlation with in situ shortwave radiation. Generally, strong radiation heats the ground surface, which causes larger land‐sea temperature differences and thus greater SLB circulation amplitudes, which is favorable for pollution dispersion and better atmospheric visibility. The presence of less aerosols and the associated better atmospheric visibility weaken the umbrella effect on solar radiation, which allows more solar radiation to reach the ground. This positive feedback could further strengthen the connection between solar radiation, sea‐land breezes, and atmospheric visibility. Increasing solar radiation and atmospheric visibility even produces stronger SLB magnitudes at night. Moreover, it is noteworthy that urban heat island circulation plays a similar role to that of SLB circulation, which also makes the variation of in situ radiation and visibility synchronous.
Switchable Multi-Color Solution-Processed QD-laser
Authors: Matloub Samiye , Amini Pegah , Rostami Ali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, for the first time, the switchable two-color quantum dot laser has been realized considering solution process technology, which has both simultaneous and lonely lasing capability exploiting selective energy contacts. Furthermore, both channels can be modulated independently, which is a significant feature in high-speed data transmission. To this end, utilizing superimposed quantum dots with various radii in the active layer provides the different emission wavelengths. In order to achieve the different sizes of QDs, solution process technology has been used as a cost-effectiveness and fabrication ease method. Moreover, at the introduced structure to accomplish the idea, the quantum wells are used as separate selective energy contacts to control the lasing channels at the desired wavelength. It makes the prominent device have simultaneous lasing at different emission wavelengths or be able to lase just at one wavelength. The performance of the proposed device has been modeled based on developed rate equation by assuming inhomogeneous broadening of energy levels as a consequence of the size distribution of quantum dots and considering tunnel injection of carriers into the quantum dots via selective energy contacts. Based on simulation results, the simultaneous lasing in both or at one of two wavelengths 1.31  μm and 1.55  μm has been realized by the superimposition of two different sizes of InGaAs quantum dots in a single cavity and accomplishment of selective energy contacts. Besides, controlling the quantum dot coverage leads to managing the output power and modulation response at the desired wavelengths. By offering this idea, one more step is actually taken to approach the switchable QD-laser by the simple solution process method.
The development of a novel ferric phytate compound for iron fortification of bouillons (part I)
Authors: Gupta Swarnim , Habeych Edwin , Scheers Nathalie , Merinat Sylvie , Rey Brigitte , Galaffu Nicola , Sandberg Ann-Sofie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn a series of two studies, we report the development (this study) and evaluation (part II) of a novel ferric phytate compound designed as a condiment iron fortificant. Condiments are used as iron fortification vehicles to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency. The challenge for iron fortificants in e.g. a bouillon matrix is to avoid undesired sensory effects and to ensure a reasonable cost. We added phytic acid to chelate iron, and hydrolysed protein to counteract the inhibiting effect of phytic acid on iron bioaccessibility. We characterised four novel ferric phytate compounds, destabilised by hydrolysed plant protein or amino acids. Colour stability of fortified bouillons with ferric phytate compounds was superior to bouillons fortified with ferrous sulfate. The iron-phytate-hydrolysed corn protein compound (Fe-PA-HCP) resulted in highest cellular ferritin induction in Caco-2 cells, in both vegetable (36.1 ± 13.40 ng/mg protein) and chicken (73.9 ± 19.93 ng/mg protein) bouillon matrices as observed in the human Caco-2/HepG2 cell model. Iron uptake (as estimated by ferritin production) from the Fe-PA-HCP compound was about 55% (chicken bouillon) and 66% (vegetable bouillon) of the iron uptake from ferrous sulfate. Based on this study, the Fe-PA-HCP compound was chosen for further evaluation (part II).
Teriparatide relieves ovariectomy-induced hyperalgesia in rats, suggesting the involvement of functional regulation in primary sensory neurons by PTH-mediated signaling
Authors: Tanaka Tomoya , Takao-Kawabata Ryoko , Takakura Aya , Shimazu Yukari , Nakatsugawa Momoko , Ito Akitoshi , Lee Ji-Won , Kawasaki Koh , Iimura Tadahiro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractClinical studies have reported that teriparatide (TPTD), a human parathyroid hormone analog, reduces back pain in osteoporotic patients. However, the mechanistic insights of this pharmacological action remain elusive. This study investigated the antinociceptive effect of TPTD mainly on primary sensory neurons in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The plantar test showed thermal hyperalgesia in the OVX rats, which was significantly, but not fully, recovered immediately after the initial TPTD administration. The von Frey test also demonstrated reduced withdrawal threshold in the OVX rats. This was partially recovered by TPTD. Consistently, the number and size of spinal microglial cells were significantly increased in the OVX rats, while TPTD treatment significantly reduced the number but not size of these cells. RNA sequencing-based bioinformatics of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) demonstrated that changes in neuro-protective and inflammatory genes were involved in the pharmacological effect of TPTD. Most neurons in the DRG expressed substantial levels of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor. TPTD treatment of the cultured DRG-derived neuronal cells reduced the cAMP level and augmented the intracellular calcium level as the concentration increased. These findings suggest that TPTD targets neuronal cells as well as bone cells to exert its pharmacological action.
Effect of Bt toxin Cry1Ab on two freshwater caddisfly shredders – an attempt to establish dose-effect relationships through food-spiking
Authors: Pott Antonia , Bundschuh Mirco , Bundschuh Rebecca , Otto Mathias , Schulz Ralf 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGenetically modified organisms (GMOs), which produce Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins, are widely used in agriculture in some parts of the world. Despite this, ecotoxicological methods, tailored to GMOs, are lacking to assess effects on aquatic environments. With the objective to investigate a food-related exposure pathway for aquatic shredders, we used a new food-spiking method while caddisfly larvae (Chaetopteryx spec., Sericostoma spec.) served as test species. Pure Cry1Ab toxins were spiked on black alder leaf discs and subsequently used in a feeding experiment. The toxin did not influence larval mortality compared to the control. The results, however, showed significant effects on larval lipid content (Chaetopteryx spec.) and development (Sericostoma spec.) at concentrations of 17.2 and 132.4 ng Cry1Ab/mg leaf, respectively. These changes are indicative for impacts on the fitness of the specimen and thus relevant in a risk assessment context. Ultimately, the food-spiking method allowed applying different Bt toxin concentrations leading to the establishment of dose-response relationships for various response variables. The use of long test durations and sublethal endpoints (consumption, lipid content, growth, larval instars) is, moreover, advisable when testing GMO effects.