bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
microRNA‐143‐3p attenuated development of hepatic fibrosis in autoimmune hepatitis through regulation of TAK1 phosphorylation
Authors: Tu Hanxiao , Chen Dazhi , Cai Chao , Du Qianjing , Lin Hongwei , Pan Tongtong , Sheng Lina , Xu Yuedong , Teng Teng , Tu Jingjing , Lin Zhuo , Wang Xiaodong , Wang Rui , Xu Lanman , Chen Yongping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease due to autoimmune system attacks hepatocytes and causes inflammation and fibrosis. Intracellular signalling and miRNA may play an important role in regulation of liver injury. This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of microRNA 143 in a murine AIH model and a hepatocyte injury model. Murine AIH model was induced by hepatic antigen S100, and hepatocyte injury model was induced by LPS. Mice and AML12 cells were separated into six groups with or without the treatment of miRNA‐143. Inflammation and fibrosis as well as gene expression were examined by different cellular and molecular techniques. The model was successfully established with the elevation of ALT and AST as well as inflammatory and fibrotic markers. Infection or transfection of mir‐143 in mice or hepatocytes significantly attenuated the development of alleviation of hepatocyte injury. Moreover, the study demonstrated phosphorylation of TAK1‐mediated miRNA‐143 regulation of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis as well as hepatocyte injury. Our studies demonstrated a significant role of miRNA‐143 in attenuation of liver injury in AIH mice and hepatocytes. miRNA‐143 regulates inflammation and fibrosis through its regulation of TAK1 phosphorylation, which warrants TAK1 as a target for the development of new therapeutic strategy of autoimmune hepatitis.
Eco‐efficiency assessment of calcium sulfoaluminate clinker production
Authors: Gálvez‐Martos José‐Luis , Valente Antonio , Martínez‐Fernández Mathías , Dufour Javier 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCalcium sulfoaluminate‐based cements (CSA) are proposed as a cement alternative with a low carbon footprint. The nature of CSA makes the manufacturing process to require lower temperature, less fuel, and less calcite. However, it requires aluminum oxide, Al2O3, which would be originated from bauxite and bauxite‐derived wastes, and sulfur, coming from calcium sulfate or elemental sulfur. An eco‐efficiency assessment of CSA cements, benchmarked against the conventional Portland cement, has been performed following the principles of ISO 14045 on eco‐efficiency for a total of 240 CSA clinker production scenarios. The eco‐efficiency indicator relates an environmental indicator with a product system value indicator, and it is calculated for each of the studied parameters: bauxite geographical origin, the fuel used for clinkering, the source of sulfur, and the composition of the clinker. Eco‐efficiency results show a strong dependence on the origin of bauxite, while other parameters, as the fuel used, its content in sulfur, or the supply of other raw materials, are of less importance. The most eco‐efficient solutions are those with certain closeness to bauxite sources. To achieve global solutions, that is, cement‐making based on CSA independently of the origin of the raw materials, the amount of bauxite needs to be minimized and CSA composition restricted.
Two Methods for Studying the Developmental Significance of Family Structure Trajectories
Authors: Johnston Carol A. , Crosnoe Robert , Mernitz Sara E. , Pollitt Amanda M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this research note is to use both sequence analysis (SA) and repeated‐measures latent class analysis (LCA) to identify children's family structure trajectories from birth through age 15 and compare how the two sets of trajectories predict alcohol use across the transition from adolescence into young adulthood.BackgroundContemporary family scholars have studied the influence of changes in family structure, often referred to as family structure instability, on child and adolescent development. Typically, this research has focused on either the number or type of transitions children have experienced, but statistical advances are increasing the viability of more complex person‐centered approaches to this issue, such as SA and LCA. The choice to use one approach or the other, however, is often discipline specific and relies on different assumptions and estimation techniques that may produce different results.MethodThe authors used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth–Child and Youth Cohort (N = 11,515) to identify clusters (using SA) and classes (using repeated‐measures LCA) that represented children's family structure trajectories from birth through age 15. Using two multiple‐group random slope models, the authors predicted alcohol use across adolescence and young adulthood (ages 16–24) among the clusters (Model 1) and classes (Model 2).ResultsThe SA identified five clusters, but the LCA further differentiated the sample with more detail on timing and identified eight classes. The sensitivity to timing in the LCA solution was substantively relevant to alcohol use across the transition to young adulthood.ConclusionOverall, the SA is perhaps more suited to research questions requiring exclusive group membership in large, comparative analyses, and the LCA more appropriate when the research questions include timing or focus on transitioning into or out of single‐parent and stepfamily homes.
5‐Nonyloxytryptamine oxalate–embedded collagen–laminin scaffolds augment functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice
Authors: Kalotra Shikha , Saini Vedangana , Singh Harpal , Sharma Anuradha , Kaur Gurcharan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPolysialic acid (PSA) is crucial for the induction and maintenance of nervous system plasticity and repair after injury. In order to exploit the immense therapeutic potential of PSA, previous studies have focused on the identification and development of peptide‐based or synthetic PSA mimetics. 5‐Nonyloxytryptamine (5‐NOT) has been previously reported as a PSA‐mimicking compound for promoting functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice. In order to explore the neuroregeneration potential of 5‐NOT, the current study was based on a biomaterial approach using collagen–laminin (C/L) scaffolds. Inin vitrostudies, 5‐NOT was observed to promote neurite outgrowth, migration, and fasciculation in cerebellar neuronal cells, whereas in 3D cell cultures it showed more ramification and complex Sholl profiles. 5‐NOT promoted the survival and neurite length of cortical neurons when cocultured with glutamate‐challenged astrocytes. Inin vivostudies, spinal cord compression injury mice were used with immediate application of C/L hydrogels impregnated with 5‐NOT. C/L + 5‐NOT–treated mice demonstrated ∼75% of motor recovery 14 days after injury. Furthermore, this effect was shown to be dependent on the ERK–MAPK pathway and augmentation of cell survival. Thus, based on a biomaterial approach, our current study provides new insight for 5‐NOT–containing hydrogels as a promising candidate to speed up recovery after central nervous system injuries.
Stem cell‐derived conditioned media from human exfoliated deciduous teeth promote bone regeneration
Authors: Hiraki Tomoka , Kunimatsu Ryo , Nakajima Kengo , Abe Takaharu , Yamada Sakura , Rikitake Kodai , Tanimoto Kotaro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesCleft lip and palate (CL/P) are common congenital orofacial anomalies. Autogenous iliac bone grafting closes alveolar cleft defects but requires surgical intervention. Mesenchymal stem cell culture supernatant can regenerate tissues via paracrine activity. However, little is known about the bone‐regenerative effects of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and conditioned media (CM). Our aim was to address this.Materials and methodsStem cells were isolated from primary tooth pulp and cultured. Defects were made in calvariae of immunodeficient mice and implanted with stem cell‐ or CM‐containing atelocollagen. Regenerated bone was analysed by microcomputed tomography, haematoxylin–eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Vascular endothelial growth factor, CD31 and CD34 expression were confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and the presence of several proteins and growth factors was verified in SHED‐CM.ResultsBone regeneration was enhanced in defects treated with stem cells and CM compared to that in controls 8 weeks after transplantation. Mature bone formation and angiogenesis were confirmed with CM but not with stem cells or in controls. Secretome analysis using multiple cytokine assays revealed that SHED‐CM contained tissue‐regenerating factors with roles in angiogenesis and osteogenesis.ConclusionCM non‐invasively regenerate bone and might be effective to reconstruct alveolar clefts in CL/P patients.
Examination and genetic analysis of a yellow‐green leaf mutant a269 of sweetpotato
Authors: Luo Zhongxia , Zhang Xiongjian , Chen Jingyi , Wang Zhangying , Huang Lifei , Zou Hongda , Yao Zhufang , Yang Yiling , Fang Boping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe genetic behaviour of a yellow‐green leaf sweetpotato mutant, a269, was analysed to prepare for genetic mapping and cloning of this mutant and to elucidate the regulation of its molecular mechanisms. The phenotypic stability of the mutant was observed under natural conditions, and photosynthetic pigments in mature leaves were measured. GN1323 and a269 were crossed and backcrossed. Genetic behaviour was assessed using phenotypic expression and segregation in F1, BC1 and BC2. The a269 leaves were yellow‐green at all stages after germination. The thylakoid lamellae of a269 were disorganized, had incomplete grana and were fewer compared with GN1323. The direct and reciprocal F1 populations had normal leaf colour, whereas the BC2 populations had yellow‐green leaves. Segregation of plants with normal‐ and yellow‐green leaf colour in the four BC1 populations satisfied the backcross segregation ratio of 11 : 1 for auto‐allohexaploids. The a269 mutant is stable, and its trait is controlled by one recessive nuclear locus.
Impact of sensory impairments on dementia incidence and symptoms among Japanese older adults
Authors: Maruta Michio , Tabira Takayuki , Sagari Akira , Miyata Hironori , Yoshimitsu Koji , Han Gwanghee , Yoshiura Kazuhiro , Matsuo Takashi , Kawagoe Masahiro 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundDementia and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia affect older adults' care‐need levels. With aging comes an increase in the incidence of sensory impairments, which promotes the development of dementia. We investigated the association between sensory impairments – visual impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), and dual sensory impairment (DSI), the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, and dementia incidence.MethodsThis was a retrospective study that used Japanese long‐term care insurance certification data from 2010 to 2017 of City A. The 2190 older adults who did not have dementia in 2010 were classified into four impairment categories: VI, HI, DSI, and no sensory impairment. The incidence of dementia was examined using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log‐rank testing. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to investigate the risk of developing dementia associated with sensory impairments, compared to the risk for no sensory impairment. Pearson's χ2 tests were used to compare the prevalence of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia among the four groups.ResultsHI and DSI were associated with a higher cumulative dementia incidence compared to no sensory impairment (log‐rank χ2 = 10.42; P  < 0.001, and log‐rank χ2 = 39.92; P  < 0.001, respectively), and DSI showed higher cumulative dementia incidence than HI (log‐rank χ2 = 11.37; P  = 0.001). Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that DSI is the greatest risk factor for developing dementia among sensory impairments (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.22–1.71; P < 0.001). Older adults with VI had a significantly higher prevalence of day‐night reversal than the other groups.ConclusionsOur results indicate that older adults with sensory impairments have a high incidence of dementia, with DSI presenting the greatest risk. Older adults with VI were found to be more likely to have day‐night reversal symptoms when dementia occurs.
Exploring the impacts of mindfulness and yoga upon childbirth outcomes and maternal health: an integrative review
Authors: Van der Riet Pamela , Francis Lyn , Rees Angela 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundFoetal development and the long‐term outcomes of the infant are influenced by the intrauterine environment. Strategies to enhance maternal health in pregnancy are needed to improve health outcomes for childbearing women and babies, advancing the well‐being of our general population.AimTo synthesise the existing literature to determine the impacts of mindfulness and yoga practice upon birth outcomes and maternal health.MethodsAn integrative literature review using Whittemore and Knafl's framework was undertaken in 2016–2017. Two search strategies included database peer‐reviewed journal articles and ancestry searching, that is exploring the reference list of relevant research articles. After screening and checking the eligibility, a total of 12 articles were included in this review. Data analysis involved coding, visual displays, thematic analysis and comparison, and conclusion drawing.ResultsThe results of this review identified a broad theme that mindfulness and yoga practice is associated with improved maternal mental health antenatally and postnatally. Subthemes have been presented under the central theme including the following: increased mindfulness correlates with decreased fear of childbirth; reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression; and supportive group settings found to be beneficial by pregnant women.ConclusionThe evidence presented in this review suggests that mindfulness and yoga practice are feasible and cost‐effective interventions to enhance maternal mental health, particularly for women experiencing mental health challenges. Mindfulness and yoga practised regularly in the antenatal period can significantly promote the health of pregnant women and potentially their developing babies.
Asymptotic normality of generalized maximum spacing estimators for multivariate observations
Authors: Kuljus Kristi , Ranneby Bo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the maximum spacing method is considered for multivariate observations. Nearest neighbor balls are used as a multidimensional analogue to univariate spacings. A class of information‐type measures is used to generalize the concept of maximum spacing estimators of model parameters. Asymptotic normality of these generalized maximum spacing estimators is proved when the assigned model class is correct, that is, the true density is a member of the model class.
Chronic lymphopenia and neutropenia in a dog with large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Museux Kristina , Turinelli Vanessa , Rosenberg Dan , Rodriguez Piñeiro Isabel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractT‐cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T‐cell LGLL) is the most common presentation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in dogs. Aleukemic or subleukemic leukemia is a particularly rare variation in both humans and dogs, where bone marrow proliferation is either not or only sparsely translated in the peripheral blood. Neutropenia is a prominent feature in cases of human T‐cell LGLL but is normally absent in canine CLL. This report describes a case of a dog presented with an almost 3‐year history of asymptomatic neutropenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia (without anemia). A bone marrow examination, the exclusion of infectious diseases, and clonality testing led to the diagnosis of subleukemic LGLL that responded well to therapy (death occurred 2.5 years later due to an unrelated cause).
In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of two medical grade honey formulations against common high‐risk meticillin‐resistant staphylococci and Pseudomonas spp. pathogens
Authors: Cremers Niels , Belas Adriana , Santos Costa Sofia , Couto Isabel , de Rooster Hilde , Pomba Constança 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a problem in human and animal healthcare. Honey may be used for its wound healing properties and antimicrobial effects.ObjectiveTo investigate the antimicrobial activity of two commercially available medical grade honeys (MGHs) against Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolates.Methods and materialsTwo formulations, MGH1 (40% w/v honey) and MGH2 (80% w/v Manuka honey), were tested in vitro for minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) against 11 Staphylococcus and 11 Pseudomonas isolates at low [1.5 × 104 colony forming units (cfu)/well] and high (1.5 × 106 cfu/well) concentrations of inoculum, representing systemic and cutaneous bacterial loads during infection, respectively.ResultsMGH2 showed a lower MIC against staphylococci than MGH1, although this was not statistically significant. MGH1 had stronger bactericidal effects against staphylococci than MGH2, although this effect was statistically significant only at the higher bacterial concentration (P < 0.01). For Pseudomonas spp., MGH1 had significantly higher antimicrobial activity (both MIC and MBC) than MGH2 against all isolates tested and at both bacterial concentrations (P < 0.05).Conclusions and clinical importanceBoth MGHs were effective in vitro against common cutaneous pathogens including meticillin‐resistant staphylococci and Pseudomonas species. The higher efficacy of the MGH1 formulation against Pseudomonas and its consistent effects against staphylococci, while containing only half of the amount of honey compared to MGH2, invites further investigation of the mechanisms and clinical applications of MGH1.
Clinical utility, dose determination, and safety of ocular contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in horses: A pilot study
Authors: Blohm Klaas‐Ole , Tichy Alexander , Nell Barbara 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine efficacy of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using different sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) doses to assess blood flow and perfusion in equine eyes and to evaluate safety of SF6 in horses.ProceduresOcular B‐mode and contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography were performed bilaterally in nine sedated university‐owned horses. Intravenous SonoVue® bolus injections of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 mL were administered for 2/18, 5/18, 6/18, 3/18, 1/18, and 1/18 eyes, respectively. Doses were increased based on ascending bodyweight. Each eye within one horse was examined utilizing a different dose. Qualitative blood flow and quantitative perfusion were analyzed. Heart and respiratory rates were monitored nonsedated, sedated, and during first and second minutes of CEUS.ResultsQualitative contrast enhancement (CE) was visible in 7/9 animals. Quantitative CE was measurable bilaterally in four horses, unilaterally in three individuals, and not detected in two animals. In all horses with unilateral CE, the positive eye received the higher dose. Fifteen mL dose resulted in significantly shorter time to peak than 10 mL (P < .05). Peak intensity, maximum signal increase, and corresponding area under the curve were significantly higher for 15 and 20 mL doses compared with 10 mL (P < .05). Uveal and retinal tissues were enhanced frequently. Twenty‐five and 30 mL doses revealed no CE. Only sedation reduced heart rates significantly (P < .05). Clinically relevant changes in respiratory rates or adverse reactions following SF6 application were not observed.ConclusionsContrast enhancement was in most instances dose‐dependent. Fifteen mL appeared appropriate to assess equine ocular perfusion. The reliability in horses remains questionable; however, CEUS was well‐tolerated.
On the Nonlinear Snap-Through of Arch-Shaped Clamped–Clamped Bistable Beams
Authors: Zhao Jian , Zhang Jian , Wang K. W. , Cheng Kai , Wang Hongxi , Huang Yu , Liu Pengbo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bistable compliant elements offer excellent advantages in many applications ranging from high precision sensing to energy harvesting. The essential nonlinear mechanics of such elements are strongly coupled with their buckling mode, geometric parameters, and loading conditions. The force–displacement plot of bistable curved beams could contain a displacement limit point, which cannot be well modeled by the commonly used smooth cubic function and would cause operational problems due to incorrect predictions of the bistability. In this technical brief, the nonlinear bistable mechanics of a compliant curved beam with both ends fixed is analyzed based on the large deflection finite element theory. By using the multistep displacement loading method, the deformation behaviors and their transition from symmetric to asymmetric modes are numerically studied, which provides insights into the force–displacement curve and the multiple snapping pathways. Furthermore, the influences of the structure parameters on bistable mechanics are analyzed, and a quality factor for identifying the occurrence of displacement limit points is introduced for different loading conditions. Finally, a method for achieving a single smooth snapping pathway is proposed, providing a theoretical basis to the design and control of the bistable compliant structures.
Numerical Predictions of Flow Structures and Film Cooling Effectiveness Values of a Turbine Vane: Effects of Secondary Holes
Authors: Zhu Rui , Simon Terrence W. , Xie Gongnan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In modern gas turbines, film cooling is the most common and efficient way to provide thermal protection for hot components. Secondary holes to a primary film cooling hole are used to improve film cooling performance by creating anti-kidney vortices, a technique that has been well documented using flat plate models. This study aims to evaluate the effects of secondary holes on film cooling effectiveness over an airfoil. The film cooling performance and flow fields of a row of primary holes with secondary holes on the pressure side and suction side of a C3X vane are numerically investigated and compared with the results of a single row of cylindrical holes and two rows of staggered cylindrical holes. Cases with different blowing ratios are analyzed. It is shown from the simulation that film cooling effectiveness of primary holes with secondary holes is much better than with a single row of cylindrical holes, and slightly better than with two rows of staggered holes on both pressure side and suction side, with the same amount of coolant usage and blowing ratio. The enhancement is higher on the pressure side than on the suction side. The results show that adding secondary holes can enhance film cooling effectiveness by creating anti-kidney vortices, which will weaken jet lift-off from the primary holes caused by the kidney vortex pair, especially at higher blowing ratios. In addition, film coverage of primary holes with secondary holes is wider and persists further downstream than for a single row of cylindrical holes.