bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personal Reception of Citizens: Problems of Legal Regulation and Implementation
Authors: Savoskin A. V. 
Published: October 2019

Personal reception represents a way of submitting citizens’ complaints and one of the forms of implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to appeal (complain). However, the legislative regulation of the issue under consideration seems insufficient, which has given rise to adverse law enforcement practice.The article determines signs of personal reception that allow us to distinguish it from other types of citizen’s communication with officials. The paper makes a thorough analysis of the duty of officials to conduct personal reception. Two models of performing the reception are highlighted: 1) personal reception is carried out only by chairpersons (of the government agency as a whole, its deputies or heads of structural divisions); 2) personal reception is carried out not only by chairpersons, but also by other authorized officials or specialized units. Moreover, the paper focuses on the problem of delegation of the obligation to perform personal reception to other officials.The paper investigates the procedure of personal reception that includes four stages: registration for personal reception (optional stage); arrival of a citizen at the place and time provided for personal reception, identification and determination of the order of personal reception; personal intercourse with the official, including a statement of the essence of the oral request or submission of a written application; registration of a personal reception card. Special attention is paid to the issue of registration of a personal reception, which allowed to formulate conclusions about the most relevant content of a personal reception card. The procedure of holding the all- Russian day of personal reception and experience of introduction of regional uniform days of personal reception in constituent entitities of the Russian Federation is analyzed.Also, the author scrutinizes the experience of organizing personal receptions in various governmental bodies and authorities in order to generalize additional guarantees of the rights of citizens during personal reception, as well as to develop an approximate list of feasible constrains.
Positive Aspects of Modern Russian Bureaucracy
Authors: Glukhov E. A. 
Published: October 2019

Despite the general dissatisfaction with the domestic bureaucracy, bureaucracy is a universal and most common apparatus of government in any developed state. In the paper the author tries to identify and analyze only the positive qualities of the bureaucratic management system in relation to modern conditions, deliberately not affecting the shortcomings of the bureaucratic organization. This approach is usually not used by researchers who seek to focus on the defects of bureaucracy. At the same time, it is necessary to know both the positive and negative sides of the modern bureaucratic apparatus in order to transfer them to the newly formed governing structures.The author reveals the positive aspects of such qualities of the bureaucracy as strict regulation of activities, vertical hierarchy (with its inherent unity of command and centralization), the specification of the labor function of the official and structural units of the apparatus, the competence of officials, as well as the impersonality of relations between them. A rational bureaucracy resembles a well-programmed mechanism aimed at efficiently solving the problems that arise before it. Their implementation in the system of modern domestic bureaucracy is shown following the example of the norms of the current Russian legislation.The author divides the concepts of «bureaucracy» and «bureaucratism», offering to be guided not by populist slogans about the elimination of bureaucracy at all, but by minimizing the defects of the managerial impact of the bureaucratic apparatus. The task of the political leadership of the country is to choose the structure that best meets the goals and objectives of the state, as well as the internal and external factors affecting it. It is important not to dwell on the search for the «only true» structure of the control apparatus, and learn to identify the positive and negative sides of the existing system and adjust them to meet the challenges.
Semen analysis and sperm function parameters in patients with infertility in Navi Mumbai and Panvel region
Authors: Bhalekar Surekha , Ganorkar Shweta , Bhalekar Hemant , Roplekar Prakash 
Published: October 2019

Background: Although semen analysis is routinely used to evaluate male partner in infertile couples, infertility and problems of impaired fecundity have been a concern through ages and is also a significant clinical problem today, which affects 8-12% of couples worldwide. Aim of the study was to study different semen parameters in male factor infertility (MFI) and thus increasing the awareness regarding same.Methods: This is cross sectional study conducted between period of September 2016 to December 2018. Semen of 150 patients were studied and results were analysed as per recent WHO (2010) criteria.Results: The present study included 150 patients whose age ranged from 24 to 51 years. Patients were divided into different age groups and sperm count was studied in each group. Abnormal sperm morphology was studied with respect to sperm head, neck, tail defects and combined defects. Sperm deformity index (SDI) and Teratozoospermic index (TZI) were calculated. Other parameters including semen volume, pH, liquefaction time, sperm vitality and motility were also studied which showed significant variations. Conclusions: Although semen analysis is first and most informative investigation for evaluation of male factor infertility, studying individual semen parameters and sperm function and increasing its awareness in general population especially in developing countries is equally important. Besides, it is necessary to acknowledge its limitation with respect to collection, processing, evaluation and biological variation of samples. Also, a normal semen analysis may not prove successful fertility potential of an individual.
Factors associated with removal of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device among acceptors in rural areas of Nadia district, West Bengal: a case-control study
Authors: Pal Jayita , Sharma Jitu , Satapathy Sankalpa 
Published: October 2019

Background: The unmet need for contraception remains high in the postpartum period. Postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD), despite being an effective and well-suited contraceptive method for this period, many women discontinue its use due to various reasons just after a few days or weeks. The study aimed to identify the factors associated with the removal of the same.Methods: A community-based case-control study had been conducted in Nadia district of West Bengal. A multi-stage sampling technique had been applied to identify and interview the cases and controls with the help of a predesigned pretested semi-structured schedule.Results: The overall removal and expulsion rates were found to be quite high (21.5% and 16.3% respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that acceptors belonging to joint family, educated only up to middle level, if place of delivery and insertion of PPIUCD was BPHC, the same had been inserted by nursing staff, experienced pain after insertion, not given consent before insertion, not counselled ever on PPIUCD, not decided to accept PPIUCD before delivery, not satisfied with its use and undergone no follow up visit after its insertion, were having higher odds of removal of the same.Conclusions: Rigorous counselling during the antenatal period should be focused to achieve a declining trend regarding PPIUCD removal.
Assessment of risk factors for surgical site infection following caesarean section
Authors: Sangwan Aditi , Malhotra Vani 
Published: October 2019

Background: Assessment of surgical site infection is an important factor to determine the functioning of the health care system. Objectives of this study was to estimate the incidence of surgical site infection among caesarean section cases and to determine the risk factors associated with surgical site infection and comparison with patients having healthy wounds.Methods: One thousand pregnant women who underwent caesarean section were divided into two groups: Group 1 (cases): Those who had SSI within 30 days of caesarean section and Group 2 (controls): Those who didn’t have SSI.Results: Mean age of group I was 25.35±4.40 and 21.12±3.60 years in group II (p >0.05). Mean gestational age of group I cases was 38.07±1.88 weeks and in group II, it was 38.17±2.06 weeks (p >0.05). A total of 37 (82.5%) women in group I and 931 (96.98%) women in group II underwent emergency caesarean section (p <0.05). In group I, mean duration of surgery was 1.0±0.13 hours and 1.02±0.21 hours in group II (p <0.05). Maximum number of patients i.e. 22 (55%) had wound discharge between 4-7 days followed by 11 (27.5%) between 8-10 days. Mean wound discharge was 7.32±3.45 days in group I. Majority of women, i.e. 27 (67%) found to be sterile in the present study followed by 7 (17.5%) women were found to have staphylococcus aureus. Mean duration of resuturing was 17.42±6.98 days. Mean baby weight in group I was 2.72±0.53 kg and in group II it was 2.95±0.53 kg (p <0.001).Conclusions: Risk of developing SSI after caesarean section is multi-factorial and found to be influenced by emergency surgery, PROM, pre-operative anaemia, multiple vaginal examinations, interrupted skin suturing, raised BMI, nulliparity, emergency caesarean, duration of surgery.
Histogenesis of human fetal kidney from 14 weeks to 36 weeks: a study
Authors: Pokarna Divya Jain , Kshitija K. , Saritha Seethamsetty 
Published: October 2019

Background: The knowledge of fetal human Kidney morphology and developmental anatomy is very important for prenatal diagnosis of disorders such as Wilm’s tumor, hydronephroses and congenital malformation etc.Methods: The study was carried out on 40 kidneys procured from 20 spontaneously aborted fetuses (11males and 9 females) ranging from 14wks-36wks of gestation, after confirming their age through CRL they were grouped and then processed to form slides and stained with haemtoxylin and eosin and seen under light microscope.Results: All kidneys were lobulated at early gestational age and became fused by 36 wks. Corticomedullary junction and preformed collecting tubules were seen clearly by 18wks. Well differentiated PCT and DCT were formed by 19-23 wks. Well-formed pyramids by 28 wks and medullary rays by 29 weeks were clearly distinguished. Loop of Henle developed and distinguished by 28 wks. Increased vascularity was seen by 32-36 wks. Nephrogenic zone and undifferentiated mesenchyme decreased and matured glomeruli increased by 36 wks.Conclusions: The present study gave emphasis to the development of each component in medulla and cortex of kidney.
Students’ feedback on the foundation course in competency based medical education curriculum
Authors: Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Patel Jitendra , Khilnani Gurudas 
Published: October 2019

The Medical Council of India (MCI) has formulated a new Competency Based Medical Education (CBME) Curriculum for the Indian Medical Graduates with an objective of making medical education outcome based. A one month long Foundation Course (FC) is a hallmark of this CBME which is implemented during the first month of first professional MBBS studies. The objective is to acquaint, allay apprehension and prepare freshers for further studies using andragogical and heutagogical approaches. The MCI also released the guidelines for the medical colleges for uniform conduct of FC across the country. The FC was divided into six modules, i.e. Orientation Module, Skills Module, Community orientation module, Professional Development and Ethics Module (P and E), Enhancement of Language and Computer Skills Module, and Sports and extracurricular activities.1 A total of 175 hours were allotted to these modules. Like every institute, our institute also developed the implementation program and time-table of FC using MCI guidelines and taking into account the available resources.2,3 The FC at our institute was conducted from 1st August 2019 to 31st August 2019 and was meticulously planned and implemented. The effective implementation required committed efforts of 30 faculty members (12 Professors, 11 Associate Professors and 7 Assistant Professors), two language and one fine arts teacher, and 4 non-teaching members (Librarian, IT-personnel, Coach for sports and motivational Guru). The students were trained to write reflections daily in their log - books which are being analysed further.
Quick and easy septoplasty: our technique
Authors: Jahan Abdussalam Mohamed , Eldanfur Yousef M. , Elheshani Khaled Ahmed , Al Hanash Basheer Ali 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Septoplasty is among the most common procedure in nasal surgery, and it has some difficulties, especially at the beginning of the surgical training.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study including 154 patients underwent septoplasty surgery in Zahrawi Private Hospital using our surgical technique from October 2015 to June 2017, preoperative examination using zero degrees 3 mm sinuscope, anterior active rhinometry (AAR), and computed tomography of paranasal sinuses was done. Operative time and postoperative AAR was calculated. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A significant reduction in nasal breathing resistance was found in 146 patients (95%), there are two patients with postoperative bleeding, and one patient develops synechiae. No septal perforation or other major deformities. The mean septoplasty operation time was 15.34±3.66 min (range 10-35 min).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our surgical technique is an effective and rapid procedure for the correction of septal deformities. It is reproducible and easily learned.</p>
Dissection of posterior triangle and lower deep jugular lymph node is mandatory in therapeutic neck dissection as a part of treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity with clinically N1 neck
Authors: R. Shilpa , Moyihuddin Azeem 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In India oral cancer is the commonest malignant neoplasm, accounting for 20-30% of all cancers. Southern India presents the highest oral cancer incidence rates among women worldwide.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted in R. L. Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre and SDU Medical College Kolar, Karnataka. Thirty patients having oral squamous cell carcinoma with clinically N<sub>1 </sub>neck undergoing modified radical neck dissection between December 2010 and June 2012 were enrolled in the study. The objective of study was to determine whether dissection of posterior triangle and lower deep jugular lymph node is mandatory in therapeutic neck dissection as a part of treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity with clinically N<sub>1 </sub>neck. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 24 patients, 16 patients underwent wide excision with hemimandibulectomy. In these 16 cases, 2 patients had reconstruction with double flap while rest 14 cases with island pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. Out of remaining 8 patients, 2 patients underwent marginal mandibulectomy. In all these 8 patients, reconstruction was done using nasolabial flap in 1 patient, buccal pad of fat in 2 patients, masseter flap in 1 patient and forehead flap in 4 patients. In carcinoma anterior 2/3<sup>rd</sup> tongue, all 6 patients underwent hemiglossectomy with simultaneous modified radical neck dissection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It was concluded that during neck dissection, it may be oncologically safe to avoid level IV and level V clearance in buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma with N<sub>1</sub> neck.</p>
Comparative study of cartilage tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia tympanoplasty
Authors: Mehta Raghav , Patidar Pradeep , Punjabi Mohit , Dagur Mukesh , Pandey Sudhanshu 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of our study is comparison of effectiveness of cartilage (conchal or tragal) tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia tympanoplasty in terms of graft uptake and audiological outcomes. Help of following databases were taken: MEDLINE, emedicine, Google scholar, and the PubMed.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We studied the outcome of two different type of graft material (cartilage and temporalis fascia). Who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty at department of otorhinolaryngology, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur from November 2015 to November 2018. Total 80 patients were divided in two groups, 40 patients underwent cartilage grafting while 40 patient’s tympanoplasty was done using temporalis fascia graft. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The successful graft uptake rate for the fascia group was 90%, and that for the cartilage group was 97.5%. Though initial audiological improvements were better in fascia graft group, long term results were similar in both groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The use of cartilage tympanoplasty has similar outcomes to temporalis fascia grafting for audiological purpose. But successful uptake rate is better for cartilage as it is elastic, more resistant to resorption and retraction from more negative middle ear pressure.</p>
A prospective study of ocular involvement secondary to ear, nose and throat disorders in a tertiary care centre, Telangana
Authors: . Novshaba , Bhushan Ivaturi Phani , Reddy L. Sudarshan , Divya Jaina 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Eye lies in close anatomical relation to ear, nose and throat due to which it is liable to get involved secondary to ENT disorders. Hence ENT disorders can manifest with varied ocular symptoms due to involvement of orbit and its content. Early diagnosis and treatment helps in reducing the mortality associated with it.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All age group of patients presenting with ocular symptoms secondary to ENT disorders were reported accounting to 171 cases during 2 years of duration (June 2017-June 2019). Data regarding age, gender, clinical profile, etiology and management were collected and statistical analysis was done. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The maximum incidence was in young and middle aged group of patients. Males were most commonly affected. The majority of them were Infective or granulomatous (59, 34%) followed by traumatic (45, 26%) and neoplastic (44, 26%). The most common ocular involvement was proptosis (53) and the most common etiology was neoplastic (32 neoplastic cases caused proptosis) of which sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (8) followed by juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) (7) were the most common neoplastic cause for proptosis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Early recognition and management can pave the path to prevention of mortality and morbidity associated with ocular involvement secondary to ear, nose, throat (ENT) disorders.</p>
Limited neck dissection: is it enough in early oral tongue cancer? Retrospective study
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Kishore Prem 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the present study was to analyze the outcome of clinically node-negative early oral tongue cancer after selective neck dissection (SND) versus conventional neck dissection (CND).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 116 patients of early oral tongue cancer underwent neck dissection either SND or CND between 1<sup>st</sup> January 2013 to 31<sup>st</sup> December 2016 at Government Royapettah Hospital, Chennai, a tertiary level cancer center. For patients with pN0 after SND had no further procedure while for those with cN1 disease, CND was done as a standard procedure. Comparison between the cN0 nodes to pN1 conversion rates in SND group with cN1 to pN0 rates in CND group was done along with the morbidity rates. The clinicopathological parameters along with intraoperative and postoperative parameter relevant to recurrence were analyzed by univariant and multivariant analysis and both the groups were compared by Chi-square test (SPSS version 26.0). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the SND group, pN1 were 2/53 (3.77%) and in the CND group pN1 was 11/63 (17.46%). Mean Nodal retrieval in SND group was 18.96 nodes and in CND group 22.90 nodes per case. Regional nodal recurrences in the SND group were 8/53 (15.81%) and in the CND group was 9/63 (14.28%). Our study shows no significant statistical difference between nodal recurrences in CND and SND group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study data suggests that for cN1 patients, SND may be optimal and early tongue cancer patients with cN0 could be candidates for an SND instead of CND.</p>
Histopathological study of upper versus lower poles of tonsil in chronic tonsillitis among pediatric age group
Authors: M. S. Sudhakar Rao , P. Apoorva , K. M. Bindu Rani , G. Shadakshari 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To compare the histopathological findings between upper and lower poles of tonsil in pediatric age group keeping in view the local and distant effects of chronic tonsillitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Three relevant parameters, grade of inflammation (GOI), activity of inflammation and hyperplasia were histopathologically examined in the tonsils of n=60 pediatric patients with chronic tonsillitis who underwent tonsillectomy in Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, VIMS, Ballari, Karnataka, India. These parameters were analyzed and were subjected for statistical analysis. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study, among 60 patients, n=32 (54.2%) were female and n=28 (45.8%) were male. Those aging 5-10 years were n=34 (57.6%) and 11-15 years were n=26 (42.4%). The tonsillar enlargement of grade 3 were present in n=46 patients (77.7%), n= 12 patients (20%) had grade 2 and n=2 patients (1.3%) had grade 4.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The GOI and hyperplasia parameters in our study have highly significant association statistically (p&lt;0.01) in histopathology of upper poles when compared with lower poles both sides. Further, the activity of inflammation when analyzed was more in upper pole when compared with lower poles both sides, However this parameter in left side upper and lower poles of tonsil was not statistically significant . Among the 60 cases studied, in all the cases, the GOI was of high grade and activity of inflammation and hyperplasia was low grade. Chronic tonsillitis and histopathology of chronically infected tonsils becomes an important step in the management of the disease.</p>