bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excimer laser coronary atherectomy for uncrossable coronary lesions. A multicenter registry
Authors: Ojeda Soledad , Azzalini Lorenzo , Suárez de Lezo Javier , Johal Gurpreet S. , González Rafael , Barman Nitin , Hidalgo Francisco , Bellera Neus , Dangas George , Jurado‐Román Alfonso , Kini Annapoorna , Romero Miguel , Moreno Raúl , Garcia del Blanco Bruno , Mehran Roxana , Sharma Samin K. , Pan Manuel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and safety of excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA), as well as, the long‐term outcomes and the factors associated with ELCA failure in uncrossable lesions.BackgroundUncrossable lesions constitute a challenge for percutaneous coronary intervention.MethodsThis multicenter registry included 126 patients with 126 uncrossable lesions. Study endpoints were ELCA success, technical success and a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target‐lesion revascularization (TLR) on follow‐up. Predictors of ELCA failure were analyzed.ResultsModerate or severe calcification was present in 79 (62.7%) of the lesions and 58 (46%) were a chronic total occlusion. ELCA success was obtained in 103 (81.8%) patients. Rotational atherectomy was attempted as bailout in 21 out of 23 ELCA failure (91.3%), being successful in 14 (66.7%) of them. Finally, technical and procedural success were achieved in 114 (90.5%) and 110 (87.3%) of the patients. Severe calcification was independently associated with ELCA failure (OR: 3.73, 95% CI: 1.35–10.32; p = .011). Two (1.6%) patients died (one after a stroke and another patient because of heart failure), 4 (3.2%) developed a non‐Q MI without clinical consequences and 1 (0.8%) patient had a Q‐MI. Other complications were ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (n = 2; 1.6%) and flow‐limiting dissection (n = 1, 0.8%). At follow‐up (median 424 days), 3 (2.4%) patients died (1 (0.8%) from cardiovascular cause) and 15 (11.9%) required TLR.ConclusionsIn our multicenter experience, ELCA use demonstrated to be safe and reasonably effective with a rate of events on follow‐up relatively low. Severe calcification was associated with ELCA failure.
Congenital absence of left circumflex artery with right coronary dominance
Authors: Pun Bishika , Shrestha Amit , Karki Bipin , Tuladhar Abhushan S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAbsent left circumflex coronary (LCX) artery though rare and benign should be considered in patients with chest pain and differentiated from atherosclerotic coronary artery disease for better management & prognosis.
A series of unfortunate events: Mind the windpipe
Authors: Elarabi Anam Miloud , Albakri Mutaz Majdi , Babiker Mona , Hussein Mousa , Ahmed Mushtaq , Mazhar Rashid , Raza Tasleem 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSince we started seeing post‐COVID pneumonia patients in our clinics, tracheo‐laryngeal stenosis should be kept in mind as an important sequela of prolonged intubation (>7 days) particularly in those who are persistently symptomatic.
Emerging Implications of the Concept of Hydricity in Energy‐Relevant Catalytic Processes
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Semwal Shrivats , Choudhury Joyanta 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe “hydricity” of a species refers to its hydride‐donor ability. Similar to how the pKa is useful for determining the extent of dissociation of an acid, the hydricity plays a vital role in understanding hydride‐transfer reactions. A large number of transition‐metal‐catalyzed processes involve the hydride‐transfer reaction as a key step. Among these, two key reactions—proton reduction to evolve H2 and hydride transfer to CO2 to generate formate/formic acid—represent a promising solution to build a sustainable and fossil‐fuel‐free energy economy. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an in‐depth relationship between the hydricity of transition‐metal hydrides and its influencing factors, so that efficient and suitable hydride‐transfer catalysts can be designed. Moreover, such profound knowledge can also help in improving existing catalysts, in terms of their efficiency and working mechanism. With this broad aim in mind, some important research has been explored in this area in recent times. This Minireview emphasizes the conceptual approaches developed thus far, to tune and apply the hydricity parameter of transition‐metal hydrides for efficient H2 evolution and CO2 reduction/hydrogenation catalysis focusing on the guiding principles for future research in this direction.
Dipyrrinato‐Iridium(III) Complexes for Application in Photodynamic Therapy and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation
Authors: Hohlfeld Benjamin F. , Gitter Burkhard , Kingsbury Christopher J. , Flanagan Keith J. , Steen Dorika , Wieland Gerhard D. , Kulak Nora , Senge Mathias O. , Wiehe Arno 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe generation of bio‐targetable photosensitizers is of utmost importance to the emerging field of photodynamic therapy and antimicrobial (photo‐)therapy. A synthetic strategy is presented in which chelating dipyrrin moieties are used to enhance the known photoactivity of iridium(III) metal complexes. Formed complexes can thus be functionalized in a facile manner with a range of targeting groups at their chemically active reaction sites. Dipyrrins with N‐ and O‐substituents afforded (dipy)iridium(III) complexes via complexation with the respective Cp*‐iridium(III) and ppy‐iridium(III) precursors (dipy=dipyrrinato, Cp*=pentamethyl‐η5‐cyclopentadienyl, ppy=2‐phenylpyridyl). Similarly, electron‐deficient [IrIII(dipy)(ppy)2] complexes could be used for post‐functionalization, forming alkenyl, alkynyl and glyco‐appended iridium(III) complexes. The phototoxic activity of these complexes has been assessed in cellular and bacterial assays with and without light; the [IrIII(Cl)(Cp*)(dipy)] complexes and the glyco‐substituted iridium(III) complexes showing particular promise as photomedicine candidates. Representative crystal structures of the complexes are also presented.
Solid Particle Effects in Centi‐scale Slurry Bubble Columns
Authors: Mühlbauer Adam , Böck Olivia , Raab Raphael , Hlawitschka Mark W. , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBoth solid particles and column diameter affect the gas holdup and flow regimes in slurry bubble columns, but investigations of the combined effects are not to be found. This study shows the simultaneous impacts on the overall gas holdup and flow regime transitions and determines the dominant effects in slurry bubble columns on the centi‐scale containing solid particle concentrations up to 20 vol %. Additional tomography measurements are presented to visualize the gas phase flow and the spatial gas phase distribution in the column.
Solutions selection based on the P‐graph integrated data envelopment analysis for material scheduling in the ethylene production
Authors: Cao Jian , He Yanlin , Zhu Qunxiong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMaterial scheduling is significant in the ethylene production process. However, factors such as the production scale and the technology also affect the choice of material scheduling solutions. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel P‐graph methodology integrated data envelopment analysis (DEA) for the solutions selection of material scheduling. First, based on the basic procedure, a scheduling superstructure model expanding from the time dimension is built. With the cost as the objective function, the optimal and partially feasible scheduling solutions are generated based on the P‐graph, and the results are analyzed in detail with reference to ISA‐95. Then the DEA is used to analyze the indicators of material consumption and product yields to give a selection strategy from the input‐output perspective. The optimal solution and suboptimal solution sets are evaluated and analyzed, and decision making units (DMUs) with the highest score are calculated. Based on the scheduling solution with the highest score and relatively low cost, the potential adjustment of other solution is also given. Finally, a complete base of material scheduling solution has been implemented, which provides more references for decision makers. This paper considers the lowest cost as the goal and gives a more suitable alternative from the perspective of input‐output efficiency in combination with the actual production conditions, which is a good extension of the P‐graph.
The Temperature‐Dependent Play of Colours: A Series of Experiments on the Phenomenon of Luminescence Thermochromism
Authors: Lanfermann Philipp , Weidmann Christoph , Mey Ingo , von Hoff Elena , Waitz Thomas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDieser Beitrag stellt eine Versuchsreihe zu den Phänomenen der Lumineszenz und der Lumineszenzthermochromie vor, die sich für den Einsatz im Schülerlabor und in der Schule eignet. In dieser Reihe wird ein Pyridinkupfer(I)iodid‐Komplex hergestellt, dessen Liganden anschließend sukzessive abgespalten werden. Dieser Verlust der Liganden führt wie die Veränderung der Temperatur ebenfalls zu unterschiedlichen Lumineszenzeigenschaften, die Gegenstand dieser Versuche sind. Die Phänomene werden sowohl auf fachlicher als auch auf didaktisch reduzierter Ebene mittels vereinfachter Energiediagramme gedeutet sowie das didaktische Potential für den Unterricht diskutiert.
Experimental Methods for Evaluating the Bacterial Uptake of Trojan Horse Antibacterials
Authors: Southwell James W. , Black Conor M. , Duhme‐Klair Anne‐Kathrin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe field of antibacterial siderophore conjugates, referred to as Trojan Horse antibacterials, has received increasing attention in recent years, driven by the rise of antimicrobial resistance. Trojan Horse antibacterials offer an opportunity to exploit the specific pathways present in bacteria for active iron uptake, potentially allowing the drugs to bypass membrane‐associated resistance mechanisms. Hence, the Trojan Horse approach might enable the redesigning of old antibiotics and the development of antibacterials that target specific pathogens. Critical parts of evaluating such Trojan Horse antibacterials and improving their design are the quantification of their bacterial uptake and the identification of the pathways by which this occurs. In this minireview, we highlight a selection of the biological and chemical methods used to study the uptake of Trojan Horse antibacterials, exemplified with case studies, some of which have led to drug candidates in clinical development or approved antibiotics.
Random urine drug testing among patients receiving opioid therapy for cancer pain
Authors: Arthur Joseph A. , Tang Michael , Lu Zhanni , Hui David , Nguyen Kristy , Rodriguez Eden Mae , Edwards Tonya , Yennurajalingam Sriram , Dalal Shalini , Dev Rony , Reddy Akhila , Tanco Kimberson , Haider Ali , Liu Diane D. , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThere is limited information regarding the true frequency of nonmedical opioid use (NMOU) among patients receiving opioid therapy for cancer pain. Data to guide patient selection for urine drug testing (UDT) as well as the timing and frequency of ordering UDT are insufficient. This study examined the frequency of abnormal UDT among patients with cancer who underwent random UDT and their characteristics.MethodsDemographic and clinical information for patients with cancer who underwent random UDT were retrospectively reviewed and compared with a historical cohort that underwent targeted UDT. Random UDT was ordered regardless of a patient's risk potential for NMOU. Targeted UDT was ordered on the basis of a physician's estimation of a patient's risk for NMOU.ResultsIn all, 552 of 573 eligible patients (96%) underwent random UDT. Among these patients, 130 (24%) had 1 or more abnormal results; 38 of the 88 patients (43%) who underwent targeted UDT had 1 or more abnormal results. When marijuana was excluded, 15% of the random group and 37% of the targeted group had abnormal UDT findings (P< .001). It took a shorter time from the initial consultation to detect 1 or more abnormalities with the random test than the targeted test (median, 130 vs 274 days;P= .02). Abnormal random UDT was independently associated with younger age (P< .0001), male sex (P= .03), Cut Down, Annoyed, Guilty, and Eye Opener–Adapted to Include Drugs positivity (P= .001), and higher Edmonton Symptom Assessment System anxiety (P= .01).ConclusionsApproximately 1 in 4 patients receiving opioids for cancer pain at a supportive care clinic who underwent random UDT had 1 or more abnormalities. Random UDT detected abnormalities earlier than the targeted test. These findings suggest that random UDT is justified among patients with cancer pain.
Laboratory‐wide association study of survival with prostate cancer
Authors: Sohlberg Ericka M. , Thomas I‐Chun , Yang Jaden , Kapphahn Kristopher , Velaer Kyla N. , Goldstein Mary K. , Wagner Todd H. , Chertow Glenn M. , Brooks James D. , Patel Chirag J. , Desai Manisha , Leppert John T. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundEstimates of overall patient health are essential to inform treatment decisions for patients diagnosed with cancer. The authors applied XWAS methods, herein referred to as “laboratory‐wide association study (LWAS)”, to evaluate associations between routinely collected laboratory tests and survival in veterans with prostate cancer.MethodsThe authors identified 133,878 patients who were diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2000 and 2013 in the Veterans Health Administration using any laboratory tests collected within 6 months of diagnosis (3,345,083 results). Using the LWAS framework, the false‐discovery rate was used to test the association between multiple laboratory tests and survival, and these results were validated using training, testing, and validation cohorts.ResultsA total of 31 laboratory tests associated with survival met stringent LWAS criteria. LWAS confirmed markers of prostate cancer biology (prostate‐specific antigen: hazard ratio [HR], 1.07 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.06‐1.08]; and alkaline phosphatase: HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.20‐1.24]) as well laboratory tests of general health (eg, serum albumin: HR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.76‐0.80]; and creatinine: HR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.03‐1.07]) and inflammation (leukocyte count: HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.98‐1.26]; and erythrocyte sedimentation rate: HR, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.09‐1.61]). In addition, the authors derived and validated separate models for patients with localized and advanced disease, identifying 28 laboratory markers and 15 laboratory markers, respectively, in each cohort.ConclusionsThe authors identified routinely collected laboratory data associated with survival for patients with prostate cancer using LWAS methodologies, including markers of prostate cancer biology, overall health, and inflammation. Broadening consideration of determinants of survival beyond those related to cancer itself could help to inform the design of clinical trials and aid in shared decision making.Lay Summary

This article examined routine laboratory tests associated with survival among veterans with prostate cancer.

Using laboratory‐wide association studies, the authors identified 31 laboratory tests associated with survival that can be used to inform the design of clinical trials and aid patients in shared decision making.
Validation of a Novel, Flash‐Freezing Method: Aluminum Platform
Authors: Imrali Ahmet , Hughes Christine S. , Coetzee Abigail S. , Delvecchio Francesca R. , Saad Amina , Roberts Rhiannon , Chelala Claude , ChinAleong Jo‐Anne , Kocher Hemant M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStored biological materials should have minimal pre‐analytical variations in order to provide researchers with high‐quality samples that will give reliable and reproducible results, yet methods of storage should be easy to implement, with minimal cost and health hazard. Frozen tissue samples are a valuable biological resource. Here we compare different methods, such as liquid nitrogen (LN) or dry ice (DI), to a cheap and safe alternative using an aluminum platform (AP). Murine fresh liver and pancreas tissues were used with varying lengths of warm ischemia time. Quality assessment was based on histological evaluation, DNA and RNA extraction and quantification, and RNA degradation analysis, as well preservation of antigens for immunofluorescence, in a blinded manner. Both in superficial and deep tissue sections, based on histological assessment, AP is superior to DI, or as good as LN techniques in terms of presence of ice crystals, cutting artifacts, and overall quality/structural preservation. DNA and RNA were successfully extracted in reasonable quantities from all freezing techniques, but RNA degradation was seen for pancreas samples across all techniques. Immunofluorescence with cytokeratin8 (CK‐8), alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA), CD3, and B220 shows equally good outcomes for AP and LN, which are better than DI. The aluminum platform is a cheap, yet reliable method to freeze samples, rapidly preserving histological, antigenic, and DNA/RNA quality. Wider testing is required across different sample types. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol: Flash‐freezing fresh tissue with aluminum platformAlternate Protocol 1: Freezing fresh tissue with liquid nitrogenAlternate Protocol 2: Freezing fresh tissue with dry ice
Reconstructing 1D Fe Single‐atom Catalytic Structure on 2D Graphene Film for High‐Efficiency Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Zhu Guangqi , Qi Yanling , Liu Fan , Ma Shenqian , Xiang Guolei , Jin Fengmin , Liu Zigeng , Wang Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe ordinary intrinsic activity and disordered distribution of metal sites in zero/one‐dimensional (0D/1D) single‐atom catalysts (SACs) lead to inferior catalytic efficiency and short‐term endurance in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which restricts the large‐scale application of hydrogen−oxygen fuel cells and metal−air batteries. To improve the activity of SACs, a mild synthesis method was chosen to conjugate 1D Fe SACs with 2D graphene film (Fe SAC@G) that realized a composite structure with well‐ordered atomic‐Fe coordination configuration. The product exhibits outstanding ORR electrocatalytic efficiency and stability in 0.1 M KOH aqueous solution. DFT‐D computational results manifest the intrinsic ORR activity of Fe SAC@G originated from the newly‐formed FeN4−O−FeN4 bridge structure with moderate adsorption ability towards ORR intermediates. These findings provide new ways for designing SACs with high activity and long‐term stability.
Paeoniflorin inhibited nod‐like receptor protein‐3 inflammasome and NF‐κB‐mediated inflammatory reactions in diabetic foot ulcer by inhibiting the chemokine receptor CXCR2
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Wang Xu , Zhao Zhenyu , Chen Jing , Li Cheng , Zhao Gang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is an invariably common complication of diabetes, characterized by delayed wound healing process and increased inflammation. Evidence has indicated that paeoniflorin exerts an anti‐inflammatory effect in diabetic retinopathy. The current work was aimed to investigate the effect of paeoniflorin on inflammation and wound healing in DFU. DFU rat models by streptozotocin and skin biopsy punch, as well as high glucose‐treated human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) were established. Levels of blood glucose, wound contraction and proinflammatory cytokine were detected after paeoniflorin administration. Several essential targets associated with the NF‐κB and Nod‐like receptor protein‐3 (NLRP3) signaling pathways were examined. Results showed markedly down‐regulation of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐18 and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha in paeoniflorin‐treated DFU rats. Paeoniflorin decreased the expression levels of chemokine receptor CXCR2, nuclear NF‐κB and p‐IκB (Ser36), as well as increased IκB level. Histological analysis and immunostaining showed lower inflammatory cells with decreased NLRP3 and cleaved caspase‐1 levels following paeoniflorin treatment. Further in vitro evidence confirmed that paeoniflorin efficiently inhibited NLRP3 and NF‐κB‐mediated inflammation in DFU by inhibiting CXCR2. These findings are suggestive of greatly attenuated wound inflammation and better wound healing in paeoniflorin‐treated DFU rats. Our study demonstrates that paeoniflorin is a potential therapeutic agent for DFU.
Neural sensitivity to natural image statistics changes during middle childhood
Authors: Balas Benjamin , Saville Alyson 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNatural images have properties that adults’ behavioral and neural responses are sensitive to, but the development of this sensitivity is not clear. Behaviorally, children acquire adult‐like sensitivity to natural image statistics during middle childhood (Ellemberg et al., 2012), but infants exhibit sensitivity to deviations of natural image structure (Balas & Woods, 2014). We used event‐related potentials (ERPs) to examine sensitivity to natural image statistics during childhood at distinct processing stages (the P1 and N1 components). We presented children (5–10 years old) and adults with natural images varying in positive/negative contrast, and natural/synthetic texture appearance to compare electrophysiological responses to images that did or did not violate natural statistics. We hypothesized that children would acquire sensitivity to these deviations late in middle childhood. Instead, we observed significant responses to unnatural contrast and texture statistics at the N1 in all age groups. At the P1, however, only young children exhibited sensitivity to contrast polarity. The latter effect suggests greater sensitivity earlier in development to some violations of natural image statistics. We discuss these results in terms of changing patterns of invariant texture processing during middle childhood and ongoing refinement of the representations supporting natural image perception.
Ongoing declines of woodland birds: Are restoration plantings making a difference?
Authors: Belder Donna J. , Pierson Jennifer C. , Rudder Ashwin C. , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWoodland birds are a species assemblage of conservation concern, and their persistence in fragmented agricultural landscapes is dependent on both the preservation of existing woodland remnants and the implementation of restoration plantings. However, little is known about the habitat‐use and persistence of birds in fragmented agricultural landscapes. We present a detailed, population‐oriented study of woodland birds in temperate eucalypt woodland restoration plantings and remnant woodland patches in the South‐west Slopes bioregion of New South Wales, Australia. First, we undertook a 3‐yr mark–recapture project to assess annual survival and site fidelity in restoration plantings and woodland remnants. We supplemented our recapture efforts with resightings of color‐banded individuals. Second, we tracked individual birds of two species, Superb Fairywren (Malurus cyaneus) and Willie Wagtail (Rhipidura leucophrys), and documented snapshots of their home ranges and movement patterns during the breeding season. Annual survival in the woodland bird assemblage was lower than expected (51%). Home ranges of the Superb Fairywren were positively correlated with patch size, and were constrained by patch edges in linear sites. Superb Fairywrens and Willie Wagtails were more likely to travel longer distances between substrates while foraging in linear sites. Willie Wagtails engaged in significant gap‐crossing (up to 400 m) between adjacent habitat patches. Our findings indicate that (1) patch isolation and certain patch configurations place resident birds at an energetic disadvantage, and (2) in our study area, woodland bird populations are continuing to decline. We recommend landscape‐scale habitat restoration programs aim to address ongoing population declines. Studies such as ours conducted over longer time periods would provide a deeper understanding of habitat use and population processes of woodland birds in fragmented agricultural landscapes.