bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frankly Boring and Agonizingly Slow: Television Moves to the Office
Authors: Hughes Kit 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Using AT&T as a case study, Chapter 3 (keyword: immediacy) follows a series of halting experiments surrounding live and near-live television that attended the medium’s move from the factory to the office. First, it describes companies’ adoption of theater television for live, city-spanning business meetings. Often understood as a site of tension between film and commercial broadcasting interests, theater television reached its apogee as a site of business experimentation with efficient and affective management. Second, it details companies’ use of early videotape systems for self-observation. Borrowing legitimacy from psychology’s use of “encounter groups,” self-observation required workers to tape themselves in various situations for immediate playback and intensified self-regulation. Third, and following from these experiments, it traces AT&T’s installation of in-house closed-circuit television systems. In addition to distributing content, CCTV systems supported corporate imaginaries in which geographies were themselves subject to executive control and reorganization.
Conclusion
Authors: Hughes Kit 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Acting as an extended “acknowledgments,” the conclusion addresses the conditions of possibility that enabled research for the book—both the individuals who shared their time and resources, and the institutions, especially archives, that shaped this work. The author also describes a series of interviews and interactions with corporate communications consultants, television directors and producers, trade organization leadership, authors, teachers, and market researchers who guided her investigations into corporate television. It argues that it is necessary to distinguish between the desires of multinational capital and the aims of the people who devoted their lives to television at work, many of whom were (and are) sincerely invested in making the workplace more humane. In following this latter ambition—the workplace as an opportunity to build community, as locus of personal connection and self-actualization—it may be possible to renew attempts to build broad-based worker solidarity by developing the conditions of possibility for just labor.
Epilogue
Authors: Parreñas Shimizu Celine 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Proximity in the movies mimic what travel to the past does, which is to come close to loss, and what cannot be remembered, even with close examination. Memories can then act like movies. In recreating memory through writing them as movies, one can bring the past back to life, including who I am and understand myself to be as a writer, a thinker, a filmmaker. By focusing on works that compose our world, I make sense not only of how we relate to each other across our differences but also of what can be possible when we imagine ourselves through representation.
Media Messaging Surrounding Parents and Music
Authors: Koops Lisa Huisman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter begins with a consideration of the broad media messages concerning parents and music as present in parenting books and websites. It then turns to the media messages parents identified as important to their musical parenting and parenting musically. Next it presents five themes drawn from interviews with parents when the content analysis results were shared. Finally, it documents five categories of messages that participants believed would be beneficial to see in the media. The chapter argues that class, race, privilege, and community play a pivotal role in understanding interactions of parents and the media. Participants also recognized and embraced the dialectical nature of media messages, a stance that could be useful for other families encountering these messages. Seeing the participants’ reactions to and relationships with media could be useful to parents in their own approach to media, as well as helpful to professionals working with parents.
Choosing and Refusing
Authors: Blake Michael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter deals with the question of how migrants might be justly selected when no individual migrant has a right to move. It considers three possible bases for differentiation: randomness, identity (including religion and race), and skills. The chapter defends the thought that some forms of preference are unjust, even if no one has an antecedent claim to the good of migration. The chapter concludes with an examination of the difficulties that follow, in the real world, from the application of these ideas. It suggests we might face a tragic dilemma—in which we cannot both do justice now and ensure the perpetuation of justice in the future.
Introduction
Authors: Thomases Drew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The book’s introduction lays the groundwork for what the book hopes to accomplish. It does this with an introduction of Pushkar—its history, current religious landscape, and the people who call it “home.” This book explores the massive enterprise of building heaven on earth, and how the articulation of sacred space necessarily works alongside economic changes brought on by tourism and globalization. Through an analysis of pilgrimage, tourism, globalization, and the construction of sacred space, the author rehearses some of the book’s most fundamental arguments. Through a description of methodology, the author situates himself within the fieldsite. Finally, there is a summary of each chapter, laying out how the book proceeds.
Savitri’s Curse
Authors: Thomases Drew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chapter 3 focuses on Pushkar’s new generation of tour guides. Departing from the caste-based and hereditary position of brahman priest, these young men see in guiding a “new form of the priesthood.” They are the mediators of knowledge about Brahma and Pushkar and, when guiding foreigners, about the wider world of Hinduism. In this capacity, they are cultural translators and comparative religionists of the highest order. But their jobs are not perfect. Limited opportunities and fierce competition for clients have created friction with foreign tourists. Those who do not want to do this work find it hard to get a steady job outside of Pushkar’s industries of tourism and pilgrimage. Bounded to both Brahma and Pushkar, brahmans believe themselves cursed, sometimes metaphorically and literally, to a life on the lake.
Peace But No Quiet
Authors: Thomases Drew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The fifth chapter begins with an observation: Pushkar, people say, is a place of peace, of “shanti.” But those who have been to Pushkar know that it is not a quiet place. Far from attempting to silence Pushkar’s rich soundscape, locals instead find peace by adding yet more sound to the atmosphere. They do this with songs and sacred words set on speakers and intended to spread shanti throughout the town. Importantly, the power of religious recitation derives not principally from the spiritual messages therein, but rather from the “good vibrations” created by sound itself. But what are these “vibrations”? And why do so many locals refer to them as “vibrations” or “vibes” when Hindi and Sanskrit equivalents abound? In the end, I will argue that Pushkar’s “vibrations” come as much from ancient Sanskrit material as they do from 19th-century American and European metaphysics.
Can Big Bird Fight Terrorism?
Authors: Moland Naomi A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSesame Street has a global reach, with more than thirty co-productions that are viewed in over 150 countries. In recent years, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has provided funding to the New York-based Sesame Workshop to create international versions of Sesame Street. Many of these programs teach children to respect diversity and tolerate others, which some hope will ultimately help to build peace in conflict-affected societies. In fact, the U.S. government has funded local versions of the show in several countries enmeshed in conflict, including Afghanistan, Kosovo, Pakistan, Jordan, and Nigeria. Can Big Bird Fight Terrorism? takes an in-depth look at the Nigerian version, Sesame Square, which began airing in 2011. In addition to teaching preschool-level academic skills, Sesame Square seeks to promote peaceful coexistence-a daunting task in Nigeria, where escalating ethno-religious tensions and terrorism threaten to fracture the nation. After a year of interviewing Sesame creators, observing their production processes, conducting episode analysis, and talking to local educators who use the program in classrooms, Naomi Moland found that this child-focused use of soft power raised complex questions about how multicultural ideals translate into different settings. In Nigeria, where segregation, state fragility, and escalating conflict raise the stakes of peacebuilding efforts, multicultural education may be ineffective at best, and possibly even divisive. This book offers rare insights into the complexities, challenges, and dilemmas inherent in soft power attempts to teach the ideals of diversity and tolerance in countries suffering from internal conflicts.
Can Kami Promote Ethnic and Religious Tolerance?
Authors: Moland Naomi A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChapter 4, “Can Kami Promote Ethnic and Religious Tolerance?,” also supports the book’s first argument that multicultural education can inadvertently reproduce stereotypes. As Sesame Square’s creators celebrated ethnic diversity on the program—by showcasing ethnic clothing, languages, names, foods, and customs—they lapsed into stereotypes to represent different groups. Representing religious diversity raised further conundrums. Muslim symbols were seen as “anti-Christian,” and vice versa. Some creators feared that representing religious diversity was too contentious given the fact that religious intolerance was seen as the cause of escalating violence. For this same reason, however, other creators believed that highlighting religious integration and tolerance was more important than ever. Some creators believed that if children learned about ethnic and religious others, they would become more appreciative of diversity. Others, however, feared that highlighting differences could exacerbate divisions.
Incorporating Distributional Concerns into Practical Tools for Priority-Setting
Authors: Norheim Ole F. , Ottersen Trygve , Tolla Mieraf Taddesse , Memirie Solomon Tessema , Johansson Kjell Arne 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to provide examples of how distributional concerns can be incorporated into practical tools for priority-setting, and to discuss the underlying normative technical choices in doing so. The first section presents a Norwegian proposal for how priority to the worse-off can be integrated with cost-effectiveness thresholds for reimbursement policies. The proposed method is simple and not technically very demanding but relates directly to important discussions about the appropriate decision rules for reimbursement of new and costly technologies. The second section presents priority-weighted cost-effectiveness ranking of essential health services in Ethiopia, a low-income country that is in the process of expanding the health services that it covers. Both methods build on existing health economic tools and are motivated by a prioritarian normative framework. The third and final section discusses some underlying normative issues in methods for integrating distributional concerns that have not hitherto been adequately discussed.
Age and the Disvalue of Death
Authors: Millum Joseph , Gamlund Espen , Ngamasana Emery , Solberg Carl Tollef 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Summary measures of health or well-being must assign a value to averting death and relate it to the value of preventing or curing morbidity. The authors address two key questions about how to value the prevention of death: (1) how the age at which someone dies affects how bad their death is and (2) at what age death starts to be bad for the decedent. Current practice includes, by default, views about both questions that the authors think are mistaken. Regarding (1), the authors argue in favor of gradualism: the value assigned to preventing mortality should gradually increase during early cognitive development, so that the prevention of perinatal deaths is assigned a lower value than the prevention of the deaths of older children. Regarding (2), value should be assigned to preventing deaths from the point of the onset of sentience—at around 28 weeks gestational age—so that the prevention of stillbirths is also valued. The authors tentatively suggest a function for calculating the disvalue of death at different ages and apply this and alternative functions to South African data on interventions to prevent stillbirths and neonatal deaths.
Ambiguities of Salafism in Mauritania
Authors: Wehrey Frederic , Boukhars Anouar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Modern Salafism in Mauritania surged in the late 1970s and 1980s amid an influx of Gulf funding and religious activity, combined with a wave of urbanization. Its growth has always been tempered and affected by the country’s unique religious landscape, to include strong institutions of religious learning, Sufi orders, and more recently, competing political Islamists. As a result, Salafism has inhabited a contested and ambiguous position in Mauritanian society, with prominent Salafi figures having to modulate some of Salafism’s more sectarian tenets. Salafism has also been shaped by the country’s racial and tribal divides and, especially, its wave of military-led repression, which has given certain currents of Salafism a strong basis for critique of the political order. Violent jihadism in the form of Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) attacks has been the most severe form of this critique, and the regime’s response has been a mix of ideological rehabilitation and judicial repression.
Introduction
Authors: Kantzer Komline Han-luen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter introduces the most significant debates surrounding Augustine’s understanding of the will (uoluntas), the hybrid methodology employed in this work, and the thesis that Augustine articulates a theologically differentiated notion of will. Is Augustine’s notion of will original in the history of Western philosophy? Can his affirmation of free will be sustained given his approach to the problem of evil, foreknowledge, predestination, and grace? How does the concept of free will fit, or fail to fit, within the larger scope of Augustine’s thought? Traditional questions in the literature are adumbrated along the way to show the fruitfulness of a theological account.
Christ and the Will
Authors: Kantzer Komline Han-luen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Centuries before Maximus the Confessor, Augustine had already declared in explicit terms that Christ takes on a human will distinct from his divine will. According to Augustine, possessing a distinct human will allowed Christ to model how grace impacts the will. Yet, as Augustine insists over and over against Pelagius, Christ does more than take on a human will and model grace’s effects upon it. Christ transforms the human will. Augustine’s debts to Cyprian are on display as he points repeatedly to the Lord’s Prayer to show human need for Christ’s aid. Augustine’s understanding of Christ’s person and work, then, plays an indispensible role in shaping the character and operation of the redeemed human will. While for the early Augustine, the human will illustrates the workings of divine willing, here in the Pelagian controversy Augustine emphasizes the reverse: that Christ’s willing illuminates and transforms the workings of our own.
The Eschatological Will
Authors: Kantzer Komline Han-luen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter presents the final dimension of Augustine’s theologically differentiated conception of will: the will in the perfection of the eschaton. First, it addresses the fully free character of the eschatological will. This full eschatological freedom is to be distinguished not only from various types of freedom the will enjoys in other periods but also from free choice. The chapter next addresses another key feature of the eschatological will: its inability to sin. Augustine defends the desirability of this “blessed necessity” theologically. Finally, this chapter turns to Augustine’s positive characterization of the eschatological will, focusing particularly on his description of its felicity at the conclusion of City of God.
Developmental Mechanisms
Authors: Oakes Lisa M. , Rakison David H. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The focus of this chapter is an understanding of mechanisms of development and how any developmental change reflects multiple mechanisms. The term mechanism is defined from various perspectives (e.g., Piagetian, Gibsonian, information-processing, evolutionary psychology). The chapter discusses how a single model of mechanism is insufficient to explain the broad range of developmental changes that occur in infancy and beyond, and instead the authors argue that theorists should consider how development is best explained by considering mechanisms at multiple levels and across multiple domains. Also discussed is how a cascade approach obviates the dichotomy between domain-general and domain-specific mechanisms. Potential mechanisms of change are also outlined.
Parting Shots
Authors: Sobecki Sebastian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the third chapter I argue that the Libelle (1436–7) was written by Richard Caudray, clerk of the council until 1435, thereafter secretary to John Holland, admiral of England, and dean of St Martin le Grand in London. The Libelle, I maintain, is not an attempt to mask his identity; on the contrary, the intended recipients were council members and, together with the approving authority, John Hungerford, all of them were familiar with the author. The textual ‘I’ of the Libelle is Caudray, and the poem is an example of an instance of indexical and self-referential writing misread as deliberately anonymous.
Lydgate’s Kneeling Retraction
Authors: Sobecki Sebastian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this chapter I show that John Lydgate’s Testament is not a rejection of his secular career but a literary palinode that attempts to impress a sense of coherence onto a diverse body of work. As the language of conversion, the repetitive liturgical code at the end of the poem is vindicated by the earlier performance of poetic bravado. Lydgate’s textual piety, which I show to be indebted to the devotion to the Holy Name of Jesus, is paradoxically sustained by the displacement of prior secular forms. In a central gesture, the kneeling monk-poet presents his life’s work to God, who acts as his patron. Finally, I demonstrate that manuscript illuminations depicting a kneeling Lydgate confirm the reception of such a pose as pious yet secular. The Testament, then, is not about Lydgate’s ‘self-erasure’ but about reconciling his porous self with the spiritual demands of preparing for his own death.
Dreaming, Phenomenal Character, and Acquaintance
Authors: Stoneham Tom 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Dreams are often defined as sleeping experiences with phenomenal character similar to perceptions of the real world. Hence they pose a prima facie challenge to accounts of phenomenal character in terms of acquaintance relations. One response is disjunctivist: to give a different account of their phenomenal character from that of successful perceivings. I argue that, given the alleged frequency of dreaming on the standard model, this disjunctivist approach weakens the explanatory value of the acquaintance account of the phenomenal character of successful perceivings. Another response is to follow Malcolm and Dennett in denying that dreaming has phenomenal character at all. I present a cultural-social model of dreams and argue that we lack theory-neutral evidence of the phenomenal character of dreams and thus it is legitimate to choose between theories of dreaming on the basis of their fit with our best theory of the phenomenal character of successful perceivings, namely acquaintance.
Relationalism, Berkeley’s Puzzle, and Phenomenological Externalism
Authors: Knowles Jonathan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Relationalism, also called ‘the Relational View’, is a theory of perceptual experience which sees at least a central core of such experience as consisting in a non-representational relation between subjects and features of their environment—a relation that is also seen as at least analogous to Russellian acquaintance. In addition to phenomenological support, relationalism is according to one of its major proponents John Campbell needed to solve what he calls ‘Berkeley’s puzzle’: how it can be that we can gain a conception of objects as mind-independent from sensory experience. I examine Campbell’s arguments for this claim and suggest they fail to convince insofar as it is unclear that experience is necessary to acquire a conception of mind-independent objects. I close by showing how phenomenological externalism can do justice to our conflicting intuitions regarding Berkeley’s puzzle.
Introduction
Authors: Sloman Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The 2008 financial crisis and the era of austerity that followed have pushed poverty and inequality to the top of the political agenda for the first time in a generation. One of the most striking responses has been the surge of interest in a Universal Basic Income—an idea which has circulated in British politics since at least the First World War, and has intersected with proposals for more selective and conditional forms of minimum income. This introduction examines the history of guaranteed income in modern Britain from two perspectives: an ideational story about the circulation and development of basic income, Negative Income Tax, and tax credit schemes, and a public policy story about the growth of cash transfers since the 1970s. It argues that the UK has become a ‘transfer state’ in which working-age benefits play a central role in legitimating a particular form of post-industrial liberal capitalism.
Social Dividends and Social Contracts, 1918–1955
Authors: Sloman Peter 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Historians of British social policy have long seen the 1940s as a critical juncture, in which the Beveridge Report marked the formation of a new social security settlement. One of the consequences of Sir William Beveridge’s success, however, has been to overshadow the rival proposals canvassed by his contemporaries. This chapter examines how Universal Basic Income emerged as a policy option in the context of mid-twentieth-century welfare debates: Dennis Milner published the first scheme for a tax-funded UBI in 1918, and Juliet Rhys-Williams revived the idea in the 1940s as an alternative to Beveridge’s proposals. Though Rhys-Williams’s campaign was unsuccessful, it has had a major impact on how basic income has been understood in Britain. By presenting UBI as a step towards tax-benefit integration, Rhys-Williams squeezed out alternative conceptions of basic income as a ‘social dividend’ which had circulated between the wars, and tethered it firmly to redistributive market liberalism.