bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and acceptability of i‐Restoring Body Image after Cancer (i‐ReBIC): A pilot trial for female cancer survivors
Authors: Trachtenberg Lianne , Wong Jiahui , Rennie Heather , McLeod Deborah , Leung Yvonne , Warner Ellen , Esplen Mary Jane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and psychosocial outcomes of a text‐based online group therapy intervention, i‐Restoring Body Image after Cancer (i‐ReBIC). i‐ReBIC was developed to reduce body image distress and psychosexual dysfunction among women diagnosed and treated for breast or gynecological cancer.Methodsi‐ReBIC was adapted from an empirically tested face‐to‐face group therapy intervention, ReBIC. Over the 8‐week intervention, participants engaged in 90‐minute weekly text‐based online discussions. Each week, a new topic associated with reconnecting to the body, adjusting to a postcancer identity, and improving psychosexual functioning was addressed. Homework assignments included readings, guided imagery exercises, and journaling.ResultsSixty women with cancer enrolled in the pilot study. Among them, 47 completed the intervention, and 44 filled out all prestudy and poststudy questionnaires. Ninety‐three percent of participants (n = 41) were satisfied and reported that it met their expectations. Eighty percent of participants (n = 35) reported no technical difficulties during the intervention. Preoutcome and postoutcome measures on body image distress and experience of embodiment showed statistically significant improvements. Psychosexual distress and quality of life also showed improvements but were not statistically significant.ConclusionsThis study suggests that i‐ReBIC is feasible, well accepted, and effective in addressing persistent body image concerns experienced by women treated for breast or gynecological cancer. As an online group therapy, i‐ReBIC can expand the reach of its original face‐to‐face intervention by mitigating barriers and improving access to care in a cost‐effective manner.
Resistance of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) saplings to larval feeding by the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis)
Authors: Showalter David N. , Saville Robert J. , Orton Elizabeth S. , Buggs Richard J. A. , Bonello Pierluigi , Brown James K. M. 
Published: November 2019

Societal Impact StatementEuropean ash is a significant tree commercially, ecologically, and culturally. It is currently threatened by two invasive species, the fungus that causes ash dieback and the emerald ash borer (EAB) beetle. We show that saplings of European ash are much less susceptible to EAB than black ash, which has suffered severe damage in North America, but have similar resistance to Manchurian ash, which coexists with EAB in East Asia. Selecting ash with stronger resistance to dieback is unlikely to decrease its resistance to EAB. As we do not know what the combined effect of ash dieback and EAB will be on European ash, biosecurity measures are needed to exclude EAB from Western Europe.
The impact of parental labour migration on left‐behind children's educational and psychosocial outcomes: Evidence from Romania
Authors: Botezat Alina , Pfeiffer Friedhelm 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany children grow up with parents working abroad. Social scientists are interested in the scholastic achievement and health of these left‐behind children, in order to better understand the positive and negative aspects of migration for the families in the sending countries. This paper examines the causal effects of parents' migration on the education, physical, and mental health of left‐behind children aged 11 to 15 years in Romania, a country where increasingly more children have parents working abroad. Using data from a unique representative survey carried out in 2007, instrumental variable and bivariate probit estimates have been performed. The paper finds evidence for a significant positive effect of parental migration on children's school performance (reflected in higher grades) and a higher probability of suffering from depression and having health problems more frequently. The study furthermore demonstrates that living in transnational families is more harmful for girls and for those from rural areas.
A survey of deep learning techniques for autonomous driving
Authors: Grigorescu Sorin , Trasnea Bogdan , Cocias Tiberiu , Macesanu Gigel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe last decade witnessed increasingly rapid progress in self‐driving vehicle technology, mainly backed up by advances in the area of deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI). The objective of this paper is to survey the current state‐of‐the‐art on deep learning technologies used in autonomous driving. We start by presenting AI‐based self‐driving architectures, convolutional and recurrent neural networks, as well as the deep reinforcement learning paradigm. These methodologies form a base for the surveyed driving scene perception, path planning, behavior arbitration, and motion control algorithms. We investigate both the modular perception‐planning‐action pipeline, where each module is built using deep learning methods, as well as End2End systems, which directly map sensory information to steering commands. Additionally, we tackle current challenges encountered in designing AI architectures for autonomous driving, such as their safety, training data sources, and computational hardware. The comparison presented in this survey helps gain insight into the strengths and limitations of deep learning and AI approaches for autonomous driving and assist with design choices.
A roadmap for survey designs in terrestrial acoustic monitoring
Authors: Sugai Larissa Sayuri Moreira , Desjonquères Camille , Silva Thiago Sanna Freire , Llusia Diego 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPassive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is increasingly popular in ecological research and conservation programs, with high‐volume and long‐term data collection provided by automatized acoustic sensors offering unprecedented opportunities for faunal and ecosystem surveys. Practitioners and newcomers interested in PAM can easily find technical specifications for acoustic sensors and microphones, but guidelines on how to plan survey designs are largely scattered over the literature. Here, we (i) review spatial and temporal sampling designs used in passive acoustic monitoring, (ii) provide a synthesis of the crucial aspects of PAM survey design and (iii) propose a workflow to optimize recording autonomy and recording schedules. From 1992 to 2018, most of the 460 studies applying PAM in terrestrial environments have used a single recorder per site, covered broad spatial scales and rotated recorders between sites to optimize sampling effort. Continuous recording of specific diel periods was the main recording procedure used. When recording schedules were applied, a larger number of recordings per hour was generally associated with a smaller recording length. For PAM survey design, we proposed to (i) estimate memory/battery autonomy and associated costs, (ii) assess signal detectability to optimize recording schedules in order to recover maximum biological information and (iii) evaluate cost‐benefit scenarios between sampling effort and budget to address potential biases from a given PAM survey design. Establishing standards for PAM data collection will improve the quality of inferences over the broad scope of PAM research and promote essential standardization for cross‐scale research to understand long‐term biodiversity trends in a changing world.
White Electroluminescence from Aluminum Zinc Oxide Embedded in Poly(9‐vinylcarbazole)
Authors: Oide Mariane Y. T. , K. Onmori Roberto> , Oppenheim Ivette F. C. , Wang Shu H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSimple methods for manufacturing white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) based on ZnO are still challenging researchers. Solution processed WLEDs based on Al doped ZnO (AZO) nanoparticles embedded in PVK (hybrid system) are demonstrated here, and PL studies of the hybrid system suggest that defects in AZO and PVK/AZO interface are likely to be the origin of white EL. Besides electrical conductivity increment, AZO provided the emissive layer with a more balanced charge injection; thus, the threshold voltage reduced from 8.1 V to 7.5 V and EL enhanced from 4.47 cd/m2 to 18.69 cd/m2 at 10 V, for the pure PVK compared to the hybrid system, respectively.
Synthesis, Study of the Biological Activity of New 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives and Characteristics of the Relationship of the Structure and Biological Activity in a Series of the Latter
Authors: Galstyan Armen S. , Ghochikyan Tariel V. , Samvelyan Melanya A. , Frangyan Vardges R. , Sarfraz Muhammad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractScreening in a series of 1,2,4‐triazole derivatives has revealed an antinematode property in relation to positive nematodes. A certain relationship has been established between the structure and biological activity of the proposed compounds. It has been experimentally proved, that if the sulfur is present in molecules in the thionic form only, it leads to an increase in the viability of nematodes by 3–4%, and if compounds contain only the thiol form, it decreases the viability of nematodes by 20–40% depending on the concentration of the compounds used. It was also found that bis‐triazoles containing only the thiol form demonstrated antifungal activity, inhibiting the growth of C. albicans by 35–40%.
Entrapping Instantly‐Cleaved CPT Prodrugs in Polymeric Micelles for CPT Delivery
Authors: Liu Fuyue , Li Anqin , Li Fu , Li Jin , Yan Lu , Li Feng , Luo Jing , Huang Zhao , Zheng Yaxin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs the direct entrapment of camptothecin (CPT) into conventionally used polymeric materials is extremely difficult due to its high crystallization property, CPT‐derived prodrugs are widely used to increase drug‐polymer compatibility. However, the rapid CPT conversion from prodrugs is still a challenge due to the high steric hindrance around the hydroxyl of CPT. To address this, we reported here a fragile lactyl carbonate (LC) linker, which could be instantly cleaved to release CPT from LC‐linked lipophilic prodrugs under physiological conditions. Furthermore, such instantly‐cleaved CPT prodrugs could be stably encapsulated in methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(actic acid) (mPEG‐PLA) micelles, thus to achieve indirect CPT entrapment with a potent in vitro cytotoxicity as a result of the rapid CPT conversion. The strategy of entrapping instantly‐cleaved prodrugs in polymeric micelles displayed an excellent potential to broaden the scope of application of polymeric materials in drug delivery.
Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene‐Buffered Mn2O3 Nanocomposite Anodes for Fast Charging and High Discharge Capacity Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yuan Shuang , Chen Weibin , Zhang Lina , Liu Zekun , Liu Jiaqi , Liu Tie , Li Guojian , Wang Qiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMn2O3 is a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high theoretical capacity and low discharge potential. However, low electronic conductivity and capacity fading limits its practical application. In this work, Mn2O3 with 1D nanowire geometry is synthesized in neutral aqueous solutions by a facile and effective hydrothermal strategy for the first time, and then Mn2O3 nanoparticle and nitrogen‐doped reduced graphene oxide (N‐rGO) are composited with Mn2O3 nanowires (Mn2O3‐GNCs) to enhance its volume utilization and conductivity. When used as an anode material for LIBs, the Mn2O3‐GNCs exhibit high reversible capacity (1350 mAh g−1), stable cycling stability, and good rate capability. Surprisingly, the Mn2O3‐GNC electrodes can also show fast charging capability; even after 200 cycles (charge: 10 A g−1; discharge: 0.5 A g−1), its discharge capacity can also keep at ≈500 mAh g−1. In addition, the Mn2O3‐GNCs also have considerable full cell and supercapacitor performance. The excellent electrochemical performances can be ascribed to the N‐rGO network structure and 1D nanowire structure, which can ensure fast ion and electron transportation.
Modulating Ion Diffusivity and Electrode Conductivity of Carbon Nanotube@Mesoporous Carbon Fibers for High Performance Aluminum–Selenium Batteries
Authors: Kong Yueqi , Nanjundan Ashok Kumar , Liu Yang , Song Hao , Huang Xiaodan , Yu Chengzhong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSelenium (Se)‐based rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs), known as aluminum–selenium (Al–Se) batteries, are an appealing new battery design that holds great promise for addressing the low‐capacity problem of current RAB technology. However, their applications are hindered by mediocre high‐rate capacity (≈100 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1) and insufficient cycling life (50 cycles). Herein, the synthesis of mesoporous carbon fibers (MCFs) by coating mesoporous carbon with short‐length mesopores and tunable mesopore sizes (2.7 to 8.9 nm) coaxially on carbon nanotubes (CNT) is reported. When compositing MCFs with Se for Al–Se batteries, a positive correlation between mesopore size and electrolyte ion diffusivity is observed, however when pore size is increased to 8.9 nm, large voids are created at the interface of CNT core and mesoporous carbon shell, leading to decreased electrode conductivity. The trade‐off between ion diffusivity and interfacial connectivity/conductivity determines MCF with pore size of 7.1 nm as the best host material for Al–Se batteries. The composite cathode delivers high specific capacities (366 and 230 mAh g−1 at 0.5 and 1 A g−1), good rate performance, and excellent cycling stability (152 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 2 A g−1), superior over previously reported Se cathodes and other cathodes for RABs.
Boosting Cell Performance of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 via Surface Structure Design
Authors: Zheng Junchao , Yang Zhuo , Dai Alvin , Tang Linbo , Wei Hanxin , Li Yunjiao , He Zhenjiang , Lu Jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough the high energy density and environmental benignancy of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) holds promise for use as cathode material in Li‐ion batteries, present low rate capabilities, and fast capacity fade limit its broad commercial applications. Here, it is reported that surface modification of NCA cathode (R‐3m) with 5 nm‐thick nanopillar layers and Fm‐3m structures significantly improves electrode structure, morphology, and electrochemical performance. The formation of nanopillar layers increases cycling and working voltage stability of NCA by shielding the host material from hydrofluoric acid and improves structural stability with the electrolyte. The modified NCA cathode exhibits an enhanced 89% capacity retention at a rate of 1 C over that of pristine NCA (75.2%) after 150 cycles and effectively suppresses working voltage fade (a drop of 0.025 V after 300 cycles) during repeated charge–discharge cycles. In addition, the diffusion barrier of Li ions in NCA crystals at 0.80 V is noticeably smaller than that of Li ions in pristine NCA (0.87 eV). These findings demonstrate that this unique surface structure design considerably enhances cycle and rate performance of NCA, which has potential applications in other Ni‐rich layered cathode materials.
Ti3+ Self‐Doped Li4Ti5O12 Anchored on N‐Doped Carbon Nanofiber Arrays for Ultrafast Lithium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Yao Zhujun , Yin Haoyu , Zhou Linming , Pan Guoxiang , Wang Yadong , Xia Xinhui , Wu Jianbo , Wang Xiuli , Tu Jiangping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOmnibearing acceleration of charge/ion transfer in Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) electrodes is of great significance to achieve advanced high‐rate anodes in lithium‐ion batteries. Here, a synergistic combination of hydrogenated LTO nanoparticles (H‐LTO) and N‐doped carbon fibers (NCFs) prepared by an electrodeposition‐atomic layer deposition method is reported. Binder‐free conductive NCFs skeletons are used as strong support for H‐LTO, in which Ti3+ is self‐doped along with oxygen vacancies in LTO lattice to realize enhanced intrinsic conductivity. Positive advantages including large surface area, boosted conductivity, and structural stability are obtained in the designed H‐LTO@NCF electrode, which is demonstrated with preeminent high‐rate capability (128 mAh g−1 at 50 C) and long cycling life up to 10 000 cycles. The full battery assembled by H‐LTO@NCFs anode and LiFePO4 cathode also exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance revealing an encouraging application prospect. This work further demonstrates the effectiveness of self‐doping of metal ions on reinforcing the high‐rate charge/discharge capability of batteries.
BRD4 promotes glioma cell stemness via enhancing miR‐142‐5p‐mediated activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Wang Jubo , Quan Yu , Lv Jian , Gong Shouping , Dong Danfeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe bromodomain protein BRD4 exerts carcinogenic effects in many cancers. However, its roles in glioma occurrence are still confused. Here, it is found that BRD4 expression is increased in glioma tissues and negatively correlated with the overall survival of glioma patients. We construct cellular experiments indicating that BRD4 promotes glioma cell stemness by analyzing ALDH1 activity, master stemness regulator expression, and sphere formation ability. Mechanistically, BRD4 knockdown triggers a switch of miR‐142‐5p promoter methylation, which targets Wnt3a and thus further inactivates Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Importantly, inhibition of miR‐142‐5p or reactivation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling rescues the inhibition of BRD4 knockdown on glioma cell stemness. As a result, these results not only indicate an unforeseen connection between BRD4, miR‐142‐5p, and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, but also reveal a promising epigenetic‐based therapeutic strategy that might be explored for glioma patients.
Biosorption of zinc from aqueous solution using leaves of Corchorus olitorius as a low‐cost biosorbent
Authors: Ali Md Motakabber , Bhakta Jatindra Nath 
Published: November 2019

AbstractZinc (Zn) is one of the hazardous metal pollutants commonly found in industrial effluents and poses severe environmental and human health impacts. The present study chosen the leaves of Corchorus olitorius as a potential biosorbent among four different types of leaves employed for removing Zn from aqueous solution. The process parameters—contact time, pH, biosorbent dose, and initial Zn concentration were optimized for maximum removal of Zn using standard protocols. The Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy study was performed to identify the functional groups involved in Zn biosorption mechanism. The biosorption equilibrium was achieved at 120 min of contact time. The biosorption of Zn was highest at pH 6 and biosorbent dose of 2 g/L. The sorption equilibrium data were well fitted with the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 = 0.995). Highest adsorption capacity of C. olitorius leaves was 11.63 mg/g. It is concluded that the leaves of C. olitorius could be used as a potentially low‐cost novel biosorbent to remove Zn from contaminated water.Practitioner points

Optimum Zn sorption process parameters of Corchorus olitorius leaf biosorbent were determined.

Zn sorption kinetic data of C. olitorius leaf were well fitted by Freundlich isotherm model.

C. olitorius leaf biosorbent showed excellent Zn sorption capacity (11.63 mg/g) from water.

Leaves of C. olitorius could be used as a potentially low‐cost novel biosorbent.
Protein‐protected metal nanoclusters: An emerging ultra‐small nanozyme
Authors: Meng Xiangqin , Zare Iman , Yan Xiyun , Fan Kelong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProtein‐protected metal nanoclusters (MNCs), typically consisting of several to a hundred metal atoms with a protein outer layer used for protecting clusters from aggregation, are excellent fluorescent labels for biomedical applications due to their extraordinary photoluminescence, facile synthesis and good biocompatibility. Interestingly, many protein‐protected MNCs have also been reported to exhibit intrinsic enzyme‐like activities, namely peroxidase, oxidase and catalase activities, and are consequently used for biological analysis and environmental treatment. These findings have extended the horizon of protein‐protected MNCs' properties as well as their application in various fields. Furthermore, in the field of nanozymes, protein‐protected MNCs have emerged as an outstanding new addition. Due to their ultra‐small size (<2 nm), they usually have higher catalytic activity, more suitable size for in vivo application, better biocompatibility and photoluminescence in comparison with large size nanozymes. In this review, we will systematically introduce the significant advances in this field and critically discuss the challenges that lie ahead. Ultra‐small nanozymes based on protein‐protected MNCs are on the verge of attracting great interest across various disciplines and will stimulate research in the fields of nanotechnology and biology.This article is characterized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus‐Based Structures
The Yarrowia lipolytica PAH1 homologue contributes but is not required for triacylglycerol biosynthesis during growth on glucose
Authors: Ukey Rahul , Carmon Taylor , Hardman Derell , Hill Na'Taja , Fakas Stylianos 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe PAH1‐encoded phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP) catalyzes the Mg2+‐dependent dephosphorylation of phosphatidate to produce diacylglycerol, which can be acylated to form triacylglycerol (TAG). In the model oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, TAG is the major lipid produced, and its biosynthesis requires a continuous supply of diacylglycerol, which can be provided by the PAP reaction. However, the regulation of Pah1 has not been studied in detail in Y. lipolytica, and thus its contribution to the biosynthesis of TAG in this yeast is not well understood. In this work, we examined the regulation of the PAH1‐mediated PAP activity and Pah1 abundance and localization in cells growing on glucose. We found that Pah1 abundance and localization were regulated in a growth‐dependent manner, yet the loss of Pah1 did not have a major effect on PAP activity. We also examined the effects of the Y. lipolytica pah1Δ mutation on cell physiology and lipid biosynthesis. The lack of Pah1 in the pah1Δ mutant resulted in a moderate decrease in TAG levels and an increase in phospholipid levels. These results showed that Pah1 contributed to TAG biosynthesis in Y. lipolytica but also suggested the presence of other activities in the pah1Δ mutant that compensate for the loss of Pah1. Also, the levels of linoleic acid were elevated in pah1Δ cells with a concomitant decrease in the oleic acid levels suggesting that the pah1Δ mutation affected the biosynthesis of fatty acids.
Diagrammatic resummation of leading-logarithmic threshold effects at next-to-leading power
Authors: Bahjat-Abbas N. , Bonocore D. , Sinninghe Damsté J. , Laenen E. , Magnea L. , Vernazza L. , White C. D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Perturbative cross-sections in QCD are beset by logarithms of kinematic invariants, whose arguments vanish when heavy particles are produced near threshold. Contributions of this type often need to be summed to all orders in the coupling, in order to improve the behaviour of the perturbative expansion, and it has long been known how to do this at leading power in the threshold variable, using a variety of approaches. Recently, the problem of extending this resummation to logarithms suppressed by a single power of the threshold variable has received considerable attention. In this paper, we show that such next-to-leading power (NLP) contributions can indeed be resummed, to leading logarithmic (LL) accuracy, for any QCD process with a colour-singlet final state, using a direct generalisation of the diagrammatic methods available at leading power. We compare our results with other approaches, and comment on the implications for further generalisations beyond leading-logarithmic accuracy.