bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study to evaluate the impact and independency of depth of invasion in comparison with other clinicopathologic prognostic variables in oral cavity malignancy
Authors: Shanmugam Subbiah , Govindasamy Gopu , Raja X. Gerald Anand 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Depth of invasion is included in the staging of oral cavity malignancies in the recent 8<sup>th</sup> edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer or tumour, node and metastasis staging system. This study analyses the impact of diffuse optical imaging (DOI) on incidence of lymph node involvement, stage migration, postoperative margin and independency.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Postoperative HPE of fifty patients with oral cavity malignancy operated in our institute from January 2018 were collected. Depth of invasion and other pathological parameters were documented. DOI divided into three groups and statistical analysis done. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> No lymph node metastasis is found in superficial tumours, 43% of intermediate thickness and 76% of deep tumours had lymph node involvement. Positive margin is seen only in patients with tumour DOI more than 0.5 cm, more than 50% of deep tumours had close margins while 75% of superficial tumours had adequate margin. Out of the 24 T3 tumours in this study 13 were upstaged due to inclusion of DOI, which would have been T2 according to the previous staging system. There is 54.1% (13 out of 24) upstaging in T3 tumours (T2 to T3), 23% (3 out of 13) in T2 (T1 to T2). There is no significant correlation between DOI and anatomical site, tumour size, tumour thickness, lymphovascular invasion and grade.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Depth of invasion in oral cavity malignancies impacts adversely lymph node metastasis and margin status. It is an independent prognostic factor in oral cavity malignancy.</p>
Assessment of pre and postoperative voice quality in cases of vocal fold polyp
Authors: Prasad Sachana , Raychowdhury Ranjan , Roychoudhury Amitabha 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Benign vocal fold lesions comprise of a wide range of conditions resulting from vocal misuse or abuse (vocal nodules, polyps, cysts etc.), acute and chronic inflammatory changes, congenital vocal fold anomalies, vocal fold trauma and benign tumours. It results in significant impairment of vocal communication with major psychosocial impact.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The<strong> </strong>prospective<strong> </strong>study was conducted in Department of Otolaryngology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata from January 2016 to January 2018. All forty patients diagnosed with vocal fold polyp underwent phonomicrosurgery using micro-flap technique followed by voice therapy. Detailed pre-operative and post-operative (3 weeks, 6 weeks, 12 weeks follow up) voice assessment including fibre optic laryngoscopy and laryngovideo-stroboscopic findings were recorded. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Voice quality of the 40 patients with vocal fold polyps who underwent cold steel phonomicrosurgery had a statistically significant improvement at each follow up visit (3 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks) as assessed by the subjective variables of voice handicap index score, visual analogue scale score and grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain score and objective variables of jitter, shimmer, harmonic-to-noise ratio, maximum phonation time and fibreoptic laryngoscopy and videolaryngostroboscopic findings. Fundamental frequency in females had statistically improved results but in males, though there was an improvement, the values were not statistically significant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Cold steel microlaryngeal surgery using micro-flap technique offers excellent results in patients with vocal fold polyps. Perceptual, aerodynamic, acoustic, self-analysis and videolaryngostroboscopic parameters together allow multidimensional assessment of voice characteristics.</p>
Role of thyroid metabolism in vestibular vertigo
Authors: . Anisa , Rai Sheetal 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thyroid hormones play a role in the development and functioning of the inner ear. Therefore, it was hypothesized that a derangement in the thyroid hormone levels can affect the cochleo-vestibular system.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study included 64 cases and 64 controls. All patients diagnosed with peripheral vertigo were enrolled into the study. All the subjects underwent thyroid function tests- serum T3, T4 and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Free hormone levels were obtained in patients with subclinical hypo or hyperthyroidism. The data was analyzed using Independent sample t test. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 64 cases only 10 patients showed altered thyroid values. Fifty-nine cases were diagnosed with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) out of which 9 (15%) had altered thyroid hormone levels. Among the control group, 12 were found to have deranged thyroid hormone levels.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is no association between functional thyroid hormone levels and BPPV. Therefore, altered thyroid metabolism has no role in the causation of vestibular dysfunction due to BPPV. However, in case of Meniere’s disease and Vestibular neuronitis further studies with large sample size are required to ascertain the role of functional thyroid hormones in producing vestibular symptoms.</p>
Role of lasers in glottic malignancies: our experience
Authors: Natarajan Kiran , Nandhan Raghu , Dham Ruchima , . Sandhya , Kumar Anand , Kameswaran Mohan 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Laryngeal malignancy is one of the commonest head and neck cancers encountered in India. Most tumors are glottic in origin. Radiation, partial or total laryngectomy gives very good cure rates for these tumors. Lasers have emerged as an integral part of the treatment paradigm for patients with laryngeal cancer. Laser surgery is one of the primary treatment options for early-stage glottic tumors and can also be used for advanced laryngeal tumors.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty patients with laryngeal cancer were treated with laser over a 10-year period. Majority of patients were males with an average age of 46 years. Most patients had early (T1, T2) laryngeal malignancy (90%). There were a few patients with advanced laryngeal tumor (10%). All patients had tumor biopsy and simultaneous laserization of the tumor followed by radiation in T1 and T2 disease and chemo radiation in T3 disease. A few patients who had recurrence of disease after radiation (4%) were medically unfit for laryngectomy and underwent laserization of the tumor. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Laser surgery proved to be an important tool in the management of glottic tumors and is commonly utilized in the treatment of early-stage disease. It has also been successful for debulking of large tumors. Careful case selection is important for good outcomes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Transoral laser microsurgery and radiotherapy are useful treatment modalities in the management of early glottic malignancies. Lasers have proved to be effective in glottic malignancies with excellent oncologic and functional outcomes.</p>
Drug utilization pattern of antimicrobial agent used in ear, nose and throat outpatient and inpatient department at tertiary care teaching centre
Authors: Arora Renu , Upadhyay Sumit , Singh Hukum , Bajpai Anurag 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The prospective, observational study was designed to assess the prescribing pattern of drug usage in ENT Department in various diseases conditions.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Medication utilization Form has been designed based on a WHO format. The patient’s details including patient particulars, diagnosis, investigations, drug details and information regarding the indication for prescribing agents. Patient were enrolled those are either gender with age more than 20 years, outpatients and in patients who are treated in ENT department and who are diagnosed as acute and chronic disease. Exclusion criteria were below the age of 20 years, the patients who were not willing to take antimicrobial agents and those were not able to give consent were excluded. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Total 1021 prescriptions were analysed, 38.5% were males and 61.5% were females, respectively. 319 of patients were diagnosed with ear, 157 with nose and 489 with throat disorders. The most common disease reported was CSOM in 134 patients and least were only one patient with myringitis. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were β-lactams was commonly prescribed and least were nitroimidazoles. In the concomitant medications, aceclofenac and serratiopeptidase were most commonly prescribed and least were pantoprazole and domperidone.</p><p class="p2"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Prescribing pattern of usage of antibiotics are more compared to other drugs, β Lactams antibiotics are most commonly prescribed antibiotics in various ENT diseases, usage of brand name are higher than the generic name.</p>
Effect of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on the symptom profile in chronic rhinosinusitis cases
Authors: Manohar G. Syam , Jabbar Khan Majid 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common chronic disease, that have considerable impact on quality of life, functional and emotional impairments of affected beings. Post-surgical improvement of quality of life indicates the surgical success. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is the dominating surgical procedure for CRS. This study was designed to assess the symptom profile of patient before and after surgery and the complications after FESS in the post-operative period.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 cases attending ENT outpatient department with clinical features and investigations suggestive of chronic sinusitis with infective pathology were randomly considered for this study. Cases were assessed for CRS symptoms pre and post operatively using grading symptoms. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Common major symptom was nasal obstruction (93.3%, N=28) followed by post nasal drip (83.33%, N=25), purulent nasal discharge (76.66%, N=23), facial pain/pressure (66.66%, N=20) and hyposmia (60%, N=18). None of the patients reported fever and facial congestion or fullness. Post operatively, cases with nasal obstruction (92.8%), purulent nasal discharge (86.9%), facial pain or pressure (85%), headache (81.8%), post nasal drip (84%), ear pain or fullness or pressure (92.8%) and hyposmia (61.1%) showed improvement after FESS at the end of three follow-up.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The most common symptom pre operatively was nasal obstruction which also responded best to FESS, along with all the other minor symptoms including headache. The results of this study confirm that FESS is an excellent method of treatment in patients with CRS refractory to medical treatment.</p>
Prevalence of ENT diseases in Chitradurga district of Karnataka, India
Authors: Singh Amardeep , K. Manjunath , S. V. Manjunatha Rao , S. Akash Aradhya 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Study was conducted to observe the magnitude of ENT morbidity in the predominantly rural district of Chitradurga, Karnataka.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a retrospective study based on medical records of the patients attending OPD of Otorhino-laryngology department in a tertiary care hospital. Retrieved data was tabulated in terms of frequency and percentage to assess the prevalence of ENT diseases in this region. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Study revealed high prevalence of ear diseases (40.4%) followed by throat problems (28.5%). Among ear group, majority of patients (19.7%) had otitis media. In throat region, there was high prevalence of pharyngitis (12.8%) and tonsillitis (8.0%). Nasal diseases reflected allergic rhinitis (7.0%) and symptomatic DNS (6.5%) as the major contributors to ENT pathologies.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Results of the present study reveal that ear and throat diseases form the largest component of ENT problems. Most of these are infectious and preventable. Health education of general population will play a major role in curtailing the related morbidity.</p>
Primary intra-articular osteotomy for varus malunion of the medial condyle of the tibial plateau
Authors: Bliss Jeremy , Inja Dan Barnabas , Nithyananth Manasseh , Cherian Vinoo Mathew 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Reconstructive operative procedures for post-traumatic deformities of the tibial plateau have been described in literature, though rarely. We report short term follow-up of eleven such cases of primary intra-articular osteotomy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> From 2005 through 2011, a primary intra-articular osteotomy for varus malunion of the medial condyle of the tibial plateau was performed in eleven consecutive cases. The patients were assessed clinically and radiologically at a minimum of 28 months post-operatively. The functional outcome was assessed using Rasmussen score. Paired ‘t’ test was used to determine the statistical significance.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were eleven male patients. Average follow up was 59 months (range 28 to 159). Articular congruity was restored to acceptable in all patients and varus malalignment was corrected from a mean of 1.5 degrees varus to 5.7 degrees of valgus (statistically significant, two-tailed P value of 0.0056) to an extent comparable to the normal side (mean 5.8 degrees). There were no infections. All patients had good to excellent functional outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A primary intra-articular osteotomy and osteosynthesis for malunited medial condyle fracture of the tibial plateau would help to restore mechanical alignment and improve functional outcome.</p>
Misrule and Melancholy: Stamford Shakespeare Company's Gender-Bending Twelfth Night
Authors: Collins Stephanie 
Published: January 2020

Actor Stephanie Collins reviews The Stamford Shakespeare Company's 2019 production of Twelfth Night, in which she played Fabia. The production's richly imagined Albanian-style Illyria created a vibrant aura of misrule. Collins's review includes material from her conversations with the director, designer, and other actors.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN COMMUNITIES IN THE DISASTER RESPONSE AREA (CASE STUDY: KELURAHAN CAWANG, EAST JAKARTA, DKI JAKARTA)
Authors: Maarif Syamsul , Ayu Puspito Sari Deffi 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of urban communities in the disaster response area to tackle floods.
Methodology: In principle, this study uses an approach based on qualitative research. The area that is the background of this study includes the Cawang Village area which is prone to flooding. Sources of data in this study were interviewees who were community leaders who had lived for more than 20 years and local RT/RW devices.
Main Findings: From the results of the research obtained, based on the experience of the residents, two of the largest outflows of capital were obtained, namely social capital and human capital, while the least capital outflows were natural capital.
Applications of this study: The characteristics of urban communities in the disaster response area are kelurahan cawang, East Jakarta, and dki Jakarta.
Novelty/Originality of this study: There are 2 capital components of SLA which are human capital and social capital. While the natural capital component is the lowest compared to the others, are physical capital and financial capital; and have a good early warning system with the existence of a communication network from BPBD to RT, RW, and PB2M.
Patterns of Prosthetic Treatment Modalities in Implant Dentistry in a Saudi Population
Authors: Al-Safadi Rahaf , Al-Gannass Thamer , Al-Baraki Abdullah , Fnais Naif Bin , Abomelha Abdullah , Al-Shuaibi Mohammad , Hamami Alfadhel , Al-Turki Reem , Al-Sugair Hanin , Mohammed Randa 
Published: January 2020

Aim:The aim of this study was to detect and describe the patterns of implant prosthetic treatment modalities placed in partially and fully edentulous Saudi patients restored with dental implants in Saudi Arabia, and to detect the status of the health insurance covering dental implants in Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Methods: 520 Saudi patients aged ≥18 years residing in Saudi Arabia and treated with at least one dental implant done in dental health premises in Saudi Arabia were randomly included in the study. Clinical and radiographic examination were used to detect implant prostheses types (single-tooth implant, implant-supported long or short span conventional fixed bridge, implant overdenture). The health insurance covering dental implants was detected too. The data obtained including age, gender, systemic disease, and tobacco smoking were documented in a patient examination form then statistically analyzed using Chi-Square Test and U-Test.
Results: The most frequently tooth type replaced by dental implants was the molars (45.5%), followed by premolars (40%), incisors (7.7%), and canines (6.8%); mandibular first molars were the most common tooth type replaced by implants. Single-tooth implant was the most common prosthetic treatment modality (85.2%), followed by implant-supported short span conventional fixed bridge (9.8%), implant overdenture (2.8%), and implant-supported long span conventional fixed bridge (2.2%). The majority of implant overdenture prostheses were seen in the age group ≥ 60 years. Implant-supported long span fixed bridge prostheses were more in patients aged ≥ 50 years than in patients aged < 50 years, while single-tooth implant prostheses were more in patients aged < 50 years than in patients aged ≥ 50 years. Of all teeth types replaced by dental implants, molars were the most common type seen in implant-supported long span fixed bridges and in single-tooth implants, whereas canines were the most common type seen in overdentures. There was an insignificant difference in the median number of dental implants between males and females.
Conclusion: Single-tooth implant is major. Health insurance policy doesn’t cover dental implants in Saudi Arabia.
Keywords: Implant, Modalities, Prostheses/Prosthetic, Type
Regional anaesthesia in pregnant women with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Bautin A. E. , Bel'skih Yu. N. , Moskalenko V. V. , Frederiks E. V. , Yakybov A. V. , Pozhidaeva A. M. , Aram-Balik N. V. , Radovskaya V. V. , Merkulova L. G. , Abutalimova N. R. , Mazurok V. A. 
Published: January 2020

Background. Currently in developed countries, up to 4 % of pregnant women have cardiovascular diseases, which are one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. Anesthesia method have an important role in the abdominal delivery in this category of patients. Objective. To summarize the experience of different anesthesia approaches to abdominal delivery in pregnant women with cardiovascular diseases.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the use of various methods of anesthesia during abdominal delivery of pregnant women with cardiovascular diseases was performed.Results. In “Maternity Hospital № 13” and the Almazov National Medical Research Centre for the period from 2014 to 2018 2140 abdominal deliveries were carried out in pregnant women with heart diseases (1450 and 690, respectively). In the Maternity Hospital №13 1374 (94.8 %) of abdominal deliveries were performed under regional anesthesia, 76 (5.2 %) under general anesthesia. In Almazov National Medical Research Centre 513 (74.3 %) of abdominal deliveries were performed under regional anesthesia, 177 (25.7 %) under general anesthesia. The features of the hemodynamic profile of general and regional anesthesia in pregnant women with various heart disease are presented.Conclusion. In pregnant women with heart disease, up to 88 % of cesarean section are performed under regional anesthesia. General anesthesia is used for contraindications to regional anesthesia, as well as for obstetric indications. The use of advanced monitoring, methods of slow titration of local anesthetic dose and the use of vasopressors allow to avoid hemodynamic disorders in patients with concomitant heart disease.
Fronteras de la minería en la Patagonia sur Argentina
Authors: Schweitzer Alejandro Fabián 
Published: January 2020

ResumenLa Patagonia sur es desde la década de 1990 territorio de expansión de la minería por parte de grandes capitales transnacionales. Con yacimientos a ambos lados de la cordillera de los Andes, se trata de una actividad inscrita en dinámicas globales de avance de las fronteras de mercantilización de la naturaleza, potenciada por reformas neoliberales. Luego de más de veinte años, los dispositivos que deberían apuntar a aprovechar la renta minera para mejorar las condiciones de reproducción de la población, muestran que estos objetivos no solo no se cumplieron sino que redundaron en empeoramiento de esta situación. En este trabajo se expone un marco para interpretar estos procesos, en un segundo momento se describe el estado actual de la minería en la Patagonia sur y en particular en la Provincia de Santa Cruz, y en tercer lugar algunas de las consecuencias sociales de los problemas ambientales provocados por la actividad así como el estado actual de las resistencias. Al fnalizar se aportan algunas reﬂexiones a modo de conclusión.Palavras clave: Producción del espacio. Fronteras. Mercantilización de la naturaleza. Minería metalífera. Hidrocarburos. Patagonia sur.BORDERS OF MINING IN SOUTH PATAGONIA ARGENTINAAbstractSince the 1990s, southern Patagonia has been a territory for the expansion of mining by large transnational capitals. With deposits on both sides of the Andes mountain range, it is an activity inscribed in global dynamics of advancing the frontiers of the commodification of nature, promoted by neoliberal reforms. After more than twenty years, the devices that should aim to take advantage of the mining income to improve the reproduction conditions of the population, show that these objectives were not only not fulfilled, but also led to a worsening of this situation. In this work a framework is presented to interpret these processes, in a second moment the current state of mining in Patagonia and in particular in the Province of Santa Cruz is described and in third place some of the social consequences of the environmental problems provoked by the activity as well as the current state of the resistances. When finalizing some reflections are contributed by way of conclusion.Keywords: Production of space. Borders. Commodification of nature. Metalliferous mining. hydrocarbons. Southern Patagonia.