bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a gene set correlated with immune status in ovarian cancer by transcriptome-wide data mining
Authors: Fan Lili , Lei Han , Lin Ying , Zhang Tianxiang , Zhou Zhengwei , Shu Guang , Yan Zhipeng , Chen Haotian , Yin Gang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Checkpoint block-mediated tumor immunotherapy has obtained huge success in treating various malignancies. However, the efficacy of immunotherapies against ovarian cancer (OC) was low largely due to limited information on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of OC. This results in lacking reliable biomarkers to select the right patients for immunotherapy and prognosis prediction. Published studies have reported that high tumor mutation burden (TMB) can generate many neoantigens resulting in a higher degree of an anti-tumor immune response. However, the correlation between TMB and TIME of OC remains controversial let along a collection of TMB information is time and resource consuming. In this study, we considered the TMB and TIME of OC comprehensively to categorize patients based on their tumor local immune status and provide information that could guide further OC immunotherapy trials as well as the prognosis prediction.Method: OC RNAseq data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and divided into TMBhigh and TMBlow subgroups according to TMB scores for comparison. OC cases were also grouped into immunityhigh or immunitylow based on their profiles of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) analyzed by ssGSEA (Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis). Besides, the function of genes enriched in both TMBhigh and immunityhigh was analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The correlation of each gene with overall survival was also analyzed.Results: Positive association was observed between the OC grade and the TMB. Both TMBhigh and immunityhigh were significantly correlated with a better prognosis. However, different from the findings of other studies, TMB of OC didn’t correlated with preferable TIME in our analysis. By comparing the up-regulated signature genes in TMBhigh and immunityhigh cases, we found 14 overlapped genes that were mainly involved in immune response-related pathways. We further analyzed the prognostic value of these 14 genes and found the upregulation of 4 of them, CXCL13, FCRLA, PLA2G2D, and MS4A1 are significantly associated with better survival. With available data collected form a melanoma cohort, we also found that these four genes are positively associated with better response to immune checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapy.Conclusion: By comparing signature genes enriched in TMBhigh and immunityhigh subgroups, four genes, CXCL13, FCRLA, PLA2G2D, and MS4A1, were found positively correlated with both OC immune infiltration and better prognosis. Additionally, these four genes predicted the response to checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapy in a melanoma cohort indicating that they can also be used as biomarkers for further immunotherapy clinical trials of OC.
The Interaction of Osteochondropathy, Reduced Dietary Phosphorus Level and Mycoplasma Hyosynoviae in the Onset of Lameness in Fattening Pigs: A Case Report
Authors: Wegner Birte , Tenhündfeld Jörg , Vogels Johanna , Beumer Marius , Kamphues Josef , Hansmann Florian , Rieger Hanna , Beilage Elisabeth grosse , Hennig-Pauka Isabel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundVarious diagnostic procedures, their results and interpretation in a case with severe lameness in fattening pigs are described. It is shown, that selected diagnostic steps lead to identification of the key factors for disease development in the respective herd. One focus is the assessment of the impact of reduced dietary phosphorus level on disease development.Case presentationIn a farrow-to-finishing farm lameness occurred in pigs with 40-70 kg body weight. Necropsy of three diseased pigs revealed claw lesions and alterations at the knee and elbow joints. Histological findings were characteristic for osteochondropathia. All pigs were positively tested for Mycoplasma hyosynoviae in affected joints. In addition, analysis of diet composition revealed a low phosphorus content in two diets, which might had led to insufficient supply in individuals with high average daily gains with respect to development of bone mass and connective tissue. The impact of dietary factors for disease development could not be verified in the selected animals by blood analysis and bone ashings in this case. Finally, change in feed and antibiotic treatment of individual animals led to improvement of clinical symptoms.ConclusionsMycoplasma hyosynoviae was identified to be an important aetiological factor for disease. Other, non-infectious factors, as osteochondrosis and claw lesions might have triggered development of disease. A calculated marginal phosphor supply for pigs with high growth rates in a limited time period might further had weakened cartilage and connective tissue, and facilitated adherence of infectious agents in joints. Diagnostic of insufficient phosphorus supply by blood analysis and bone ashing might be not successful, when it occurs temporarily in time periods prior to sampling.
Cross-Sectional Survey Of Fertility Knowledge In Obstetrics And Gynecology Residents
Authors: Roberts Leah May , Kudesia Rashmi , Zhao Huaqing , Dolan Shaliz , Rose Marisa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate fertility knowledge among current Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB-GYN) residents using a recently published validated instrument, the Fertility and Infertility Treatment Knowledge Score (FIT-KS).METHODS: OB-GYN residents in the United States were recruited through an email to all residency coordinators nationwide. They were asked to voluntarily respond to a short questionnaire including demographic information and the FIT-KS instrument, through an online survey platform.RESULTS: The sample was 91% female, with 69% between the ages of 26 and 30. Participants evenly represented all four years of training. Mean FIT-KS score was 21.2 (73% correct). No statistically significant differences were noted across the level of training. Several knowledge gaps were noted. Residents could define the common assisted reproductive technologies; however overestimated their success rates per cycle. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial gaps exist in fertility knowledge among OB-GYN residents, with understanding of male fertility and success rates of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) being particularly limited. Knowledge of fertility does not change throughout residency training, demonstrating consistent gaps in fertility knowledge. Knowledge during post graduate year (PGY)-1 year is consistent with mean scores found in prior research in Internal Medicine residents (65%), as well as a cohort of female medical students and obstetrics and gynecology residents and fellows (64.9%)(1, 2).
WITHDRAWN: Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting carbapenem-resistant organism infection and prognostic risk factors analysis in elderly hospitalized patients
Authors: Wang Yao , Li Huiling , Chen Ying , Fu Yanjun , Xi Jianfeng , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: With the extensive use of carbapenem-resistant organism (CRO), CRO infection is constantly detected clinically which has limited available drugs. There have many mechanisms of CRO resistance and rapid horizontal transmission, while the elderly with low resistance is more likely to acquire nosocomial infection. We aimed to screen elderly patients for nosocomial CRO infection and potential risk factors for prognosis. Methods: A total of 177 patients with CRO and carbapenem-sensitive organism (CSO) infection were included in this study. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was used to select variables. The nomogram was constructed with multivariable logistic regression. The performance of the model was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve, calibration, decision curve , and clinical influence curve. Using X-tile to stratify the prognosis risk, Kaplan-Meier curve for risk assessment. Results: Respiratory diseases, mechanical ventilation, indwelling urinary catheters , and APACHE II over 20 were selected as predictors of the CRO infection model. The model showed good discrimination and consistency in the training set and the validation set. The area under the ROC was 0.840 (95% CI: 0.773-0.900)in the training set and 0.822 (95% CI: 0.678-0.936) in the validation set. Decision analysis and influence curve showed that the model was clinically useful. Hepatobiliary diseases, indwelling urinary catheters, and hospital stays longer than 20 days were used as prognostic predictors. After analysis, the prognostic model demonstrated good discrimination of 0.817 (95% CI: 0.729-0.893) and consistency. Risk stratification showed the high-risk group had a poorer prognosis. Conclusion: Predicting clinically relevant risk factors for CRO nosocomial infection and prognosis in elderly patients. This may help the treatment of clinical drug-resistant infections.
Equality and Income: Can Income Distribution Affect Country Income by Affects Competitiveness?
Authors: DAŞDEMİR Esat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study argues that income distribution may cause country income. For the purpose of prove this argument a model established that suggests a positive relationship between income equality and the competitiveness of the country. Hypothesis tested to cover 42 countries and 2007-2018 with panel data analysis. Econometric analysis results support the study. According to these results, GCI value decreases as GINI value increases. In other words, as the income distribution becomes unequal, the competitiveness of the country decreases. In this context, the study is an important source in explaining the effect of income distribution on income.
Development and novel design of clustery Graphene Oxide formed Conductive Silk hydrogel cell vesicle to Repair Myocardial Infarction: Investigation of its biological activity for cell delivery applications
Authors: Li Rui , Duan Na , Guo Jingjing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cell delivery therapy is a talented and hopeful strategic approach to repair the damaged cardiac tissues after myocardial infarction. The biocompatible injectable hydrogel with bioactive nanomaterials with effective self-healing capability has been highly required for the cell delivery and regeneration therapy. In the present study, we have developed the biopolymeric and biocompatible self-healing silk protein hydrogel matrix with graphene oxide nanoformulations as cell delivery vehicles for the treatment of myocardial infarction regeneration. The materials combinations, structural interactions, thermal stability and morphology of the designed hydrogel were investigated and elaborated. To improve therapeutic potential of the hydrogel matrix, growth factor was loaded and investigated its biological activity such as cell survival and cell proliferations properties by using endothelial progenitor cells. Collected, these developed materials are excellent vesicle for cell therapy in myocardial infarction.
SARS-Cov-2 trajectory predictions and scenario simulations from a global perspective: a modelling study
Authors: Yang Tianan , Liu Yexin , Deng Wenhao , Zhao Weigang , Deng Jianwei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 emerging from Wuhan, China has developed into a global epidemic. Here, we combine both human mobility and non-pharmaceutical interventions (social-distancing and suspected-cases isolation) into SEIR transmission model to understand how coronavirus transmits in a global environment. Dynamic trends of region-specific time-variant reproduction number, social-distancing rate, work-resumption rate, and suspected-cases isolation rate have been estimated and plotted for each region by fitting random walk transmission processes to the real total confirmed cases of each region. We find after shutdown in Wuhan, the reproduction number in Wuhan greatly declined from 6·982 (95% CI, 2·558-14·668) on January 23, 2020 to 1·130 (95% CI, 0·289-3·279) on February 7, 2020, and there was a higher intervention level in terms of social distancing and suspected-case isolation in Wuhan than the Chinese average and Western average, for the period from the shutdown in Wuhan to mid-March. Future epidemic trajectories of Western countries up to October 10, 2020, have been predicted with 95% confidence intervals. Through the scenario simulation, we discover the benefits of earlier international travel ban and rigorous intervention strategies, and the significance of non-pharmaceutical interventions. From a global perspective, it is vital for each country to control the risks of imported cases, and execute rigorous non-pharmaceutical interventions before successful vaccination development.
Quality of Life, Function and Disability in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Symptoms: a Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Mahrouqi Munira Al , MacDonald David , Vicenzino Bill , Smith Michelle 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Chronic ankle conditions affect approximately 20% of Australian adults. Although there is a plethora of research on chronic hip and knee conditions, there is limited understanding of the impact of ankle problems. Thus, the significance of chronic ankle conditions is not clear. The aim of this study was to compared self-reported function, disability, instability, physical activity and quality of life (QoL) between adults with and without ankle symptoms. A secondary aim was to explore factors associated with QoL.

Method

Individuals with symptoms of ankle pain and stiffness (symptomatic individuals) and asymptomatic controls with no ankle pain or stiffness (asymptomatic indivdiuals) completed a cross-sectional online survey. The survey included the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS), Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Assessment of QoL (AQoL-6D), and questions about ankle injury history.

Results

A total of 394 individuals (270 symptomatic and 124 asymptomatic) with mean age of 48.8 (standard deviation (SD): 12.1) years and body mass index of 28.7 (7.7) kgm -2 completed the survey. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were large to very large (1.45 to 3.20) for greater disability (AOS) and instability (CAIT), and poorer function (FAAM) in symptomatic compared to asymptomatic individuals. Individuals with ankle symptoms had higher body mass index and lower QoL (medium effect: SMD >1). There were no differences in self-report physical activity between groups. Lower activities of daily living (ADL) function (FAAM-ADL) best explained QoL in a multiple regression model (R 2 =0.66, p, 0.001).

Conclusion

Individuals with ankle symptoms reported ankle instability, greater disability, compromised function and worse QoL compared to asymptomatic individuals. There was a strong relationship between ankle function and QoL. Ankle-specific ability during ADL best explained the reduced QoL in individuals with ankle symptoms. Clinicians and researchers should consider ankle function as an antecedent to poorer QoL in patients who have ankle symtpoms.
Praziquantel treatment coverage among school age children against schistosomiasis associated factors and in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional survey, 2019
Authors: Chisha Yilma , Zerdo Zerihun , Asnakew Mekuria , Churko Chuchu , Yihune Manaye , Teshome Abinet , Nigussu Nebiyu , Seife Fikire , Getachew Birhanu , Sileshi Markos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: World Health Organization estimated that 779 million people are at risk of getting schistosomiasis and 240 million people were infected worldwide. Schistosomiasis due to S. mansoni is a wide public health problem in Ethiopia. The aim of the survey was to quantify national and district disaggregated treatment coverage status for schistosomiasis and compare validated coverage with the one reported. Methods: Community based cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2019 among households with school age children (5-14 years) in seven purposively selected districts of the country. Segments (villages within the selected kebele) to be surveyed were randomly selected and households to be interviewed from each segment were determined using systematic sampling technique. A total of 3,378 households visited and 5,679 school age children (5-14 years)) were interviewed.Results: Overall reported treatment coverage of schistosomiasis was 4286 (75.5%). Male SAC were 27% more likely to consume the drug (AOR= 1.27; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.47) than females. SAC with 10-14 years swallowed the drug 45% better than 5-9 years (AOR =1.45; 95%CI: 1.25, 1.69). Statistically significant association was observed between Praziquantel swallowing with school enrollment and heard about mass drug administration. Swallowing status of Praziquantel against schistosomiasis significantly higher for SAC treated in districts applied integrated treatment approach (87.5%) compared with SAC treated in vertical approach (72.5%). Reasons for not taking the drug were asked and the main reported reason for not swallowing Praziquantel in the present study was none attending of the school.Conclusion and recommendation Over all treatment coverage of Praziquantel against schistosomiasis in the present study was 75.5%. Although it is in accordance with WHO recommendation for Ethiopia, national programmatic improvements are necessary to achieve higher coverage. To increase treatment coverage of Praziquantel in Ethiopia, school based training should target all schools and mobilization, sensitization and implementation of the community wide treatment need to be improved.
Experience of fatigue and related factors among HIV-infected adults attending ART clinic in Ethiopia; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Baye Moges , Fisseha Berihu , Chala Mulugeta Bayisa , Abebe Solomon Mekonnen , Janakiraman Balamurugan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Fatigue is one of the most common bothersome HIV-related morbidity. The HIV prevalence in Ethiopia is heterogeneous by sex, geographic areas, and population groups. In Ethiopia, there is a need to estimate the burden of fatigue among HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) adults to gain regional insight into this disabling symptom.Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 HIV/AIDS patients attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic at the University of Gondar Hospital, Ethiopia using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, nine-item version Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and PHQ-9 (Patients Health Questionnaire 9). Logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with the reported presence of fatigue.Result: The mean age of the participants was 40.5 ± 8.5 years. The prevalence of HIV-related fatigue was 53.3% and about 66% of HIV-infected women experienced fatigue. The factors associated with fatigue experience were; female gender (AOR: 0.196, 95%CI; 0.05, 0.92), being married (AOR: 0.13, 95% CI 0.23, 0.7), low income (AOR: 12.3, 95% CI 2.5, 60.15), unemployed (AOR: 3.9, 95%CI (1.02, 14.739), parity (AOR: 7.99, 95% CI 1.66, 38.41), being anemia (AOR: 13.34, 95% CI 2.74, 65.01), mild weight loss (AOR: 4.9 95% CI 4.33, 19.5) and moderate weight loss (AOR: 5.5 95% CI 3.11, 21.3), respectively.Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that experiencing fatigue is quite high among adults living with HIV. It is important for health care professionals and people living with HIV to understand; the possible causes of fatigue, remedies, and ways to reclaim energy. The predisposing factors and complications that cause fatigue should be aggressively diagnosed and treated by the clinicians.
Intraoperative Coagulopathy During Cesarean Section as an Unsuspected Initial Presentation of COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Kinsey Kelly Elizabeth Trevino , Ganz Eric , Khalil Susan , Brustman Lois 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The world’s understanding of COVID-19 continues to evolve as the scientific community discovers unique presentations of this disease. This case report depicts an unexpected intraoperative coagulopathy during cesarean section in an otherwise asymptomatic patient who was later found to have COVID-19. This case suggests that there may be a higher risk for intrapartum bleeding in the pregnant, largely asymptomatic COVID-positive patient with more abnormal COVID laboratory values.Case: The case patient displayed D-Dimer elevations beyond what is typically observed among this hospital’s COVID-positive peripartum population and displayed significantly more oozing than expected intraoperatively, despite normal prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, fibrinogen, and platelets.Conclusion: There is little published evidence on the association between D-Dimer and coagulopathy among the pregnant population infected with SARS-CoV-2. This case report contributes to the growing body of evidence on the effects of COVID-19 in pregnancy. A clinical picture concerning for intraoperative coagulopathy may be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during cesarean sections, and abnormal COVID laboratory tests, particularly D-Dimer, may help identify the patients in which this presentation occurs.
The Quiet Crisis of PhDs and COVID-19: Reaching the financial tipping point.
Authors: Johnson Rebecca L. , Coleman Ross A. , Batten Nicole H. , Hallsworth Djuna , Spencer Emma E. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Before the COVID-19 crisis, existing high levels of financial concerns amongst PhD students increased their vulnerability to disruptive events. Impacts from the pandemic have increased their financial stress to the point that may result in many being forced to exit research studies. An exodus of doctoral students now would impact our future research capacity. The effects of the unfolding crisis on research students at a research-intensive Australian university was documented by a group of doctoral candidates who received 1,020 survey responses from their cohort. Here we show that the pandemic has severely affected research candidates and argue that these results have notable implications for a future research workforce. We found that 75% of students expect to experience financial hardship as a result of the pandemic. Consequently, 45% report being pushed beyond their financial capacities and expect to be forced to disengage from their research within six months. Comparative pre-COVID data from an Australian national survey, reports research student disengagement of 20% over four years. The 25% increase of expected disengagement, in a much-reduced period, signals a deeper PhD crisis. Swift intervention is required to avert substantial impacts to the pipeline of research talent.