bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural deep eutectic systems for nature‐inspired cryopreservation of cells
Authors: Hornberger Kathlyn , Li Rui , Duarte Ana Rita C. , Hubel Allison 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNatural deep eutectic systems (NADES) are emerging as potential cryoprotective agents (CPA) for cell preservation. In this investigation, we develop an optimized CPA formulation using trehalose‐glycerol NADES (T:G) diluted in Normosol‐R and supplemented with isoleucine. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is used to define the thermophysical properties of NADES‐based solutions, and Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize the effect of NADES on ice formation and hydrogen bonding. Jurkat cells are cryopreserved in each solution, and post‐thaw cell recovery, apoptosis, and growth are quantified. Raman spectra and heat maps show that NADES suppresses both ice formation and dehydration of the nonfrozen region. Supplementing NADES with isoleucine does not affect the solution's thermophysical properties but significantly improves the cells' survival and proliferation post‐thaw. The study indicates that thermophysical properties of CPA solutions alone cannot predict optimal cell survival, suggesting that stabilization of biological structures by CPAs may play a role in successful cryopreservation.
14‐day reverse hybrid therapy vs 7‐day concomitant therapy in the first‐line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Chang Shiuh‐Nan , Shih Yung‐Hsiung , Lee Wen‐Ching , Kuo Ming‐Te , Tsay Feng‐Woei , Kuo Li‐Fu , Huang Wen‐Wei , Shie Chang‐Bih 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIncreasing antibiotics resistance poses a great challenge for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The reported eradication rates of 7‐day standard triple therapy have fallen below 80% in most countries due to increasing clarithromycin resistance. Both 14‐day reverse hybrid therapy and 7‐day concomitant therapy have been reported to yield high eradication rates for the treatment of H. pylori infection. However, whether 14‐day reverse hybrid therapy can achieve a higher eradication rate than 7‐day concomitant therapy remains unanswered. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacies of 14‐day reverse hybrid and 7‐day concomitant therapies for the first‐line treatment of H. pylori infection in a primary care setting. From May 2016 to December 2019, 322 H. pylori‐infected patients receiving either 14‐day reverse hybrid therapy (a proton pump inhibitor [PPI] plus amoxicillin 1 g b.d. for 14 days, and clarithromycin 500 mg plus metronidazole 500 mg b.d. for the initial 7 days, n = 142) or 7‐day concomitant therapy (PPI plus amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 500 mg b.d. for 7 days, n = 180) in our clinic were included in the retrospective study. All the patients underwent a follow‐up endoscopy with a rapid urease test or a urea breath test at least 4 weeks after completion of anti‐H. pylori therapy and at least 2 weeks after discontinuation of PPI. Intention‐to‐treat analysis demonstrated a significantly higher eradication rate for the 14‐day reverse hybrid group than for the 7‐day concomitant group (95.8% vs 88.9%, P = .024). Per‐protocol analysis also yielded similar results (97.8% vs 90.3%, P = .009). Both groups had similar frequencies of adverse events (14.1% vs 13.9%, P = .990) and drug compliance (95.8% vs 97.2%, P = .478).ConclusionsFourteen‐day reverse hybrid therapy achieves a higher eradication rate than 7‐day concomitant therapy in the first‐line treatment of H. pylori infection.
Stationary Entanglement between Light and Microwave via Ferromagnetic Magnons
Authors: Cai Qizhi , Liao Jinkun , Zhou Qiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt is shown how to generate stationary entanglement between light and microwave in a hybrid opto‐electro‐magnonical system which mainly consists of a microwave cavity, a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere, and a nanofiber. The optical modes in nanofiber can evanescently be coupled to whispering gallery modes, that are able to interact with magnon mode via spin–orbit interaction, in YIG sphere, while the microwave cavity photons and magnons are coupled through magnetic dipole interaction simultaneously. Under reasonable parameter regimes, pretty amount of entanglement can be generated, and it also shows persistence against temperature. The present work is expected to provide a new perspective for building more advanced and comprehensive quantum networks along with magnons for fast‐developing quantum technologies and for studying the macroscopic quantum phenomena.
Chiral Bicyclic Imidazole‐Catalyzed Acylative Dynamic Kinetic Resolution for the Synthesis of Chiral Phthalidyl Esters
Authors: Zhou Muxing , Gridneva Tatiana , Zhang Zhenfeng , He Ende , Liu Yangang , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUtilizing a chiral bicyclic imidazole organocatalyst and adopting a continuous injection process, an alternative route has been developed for the efficient synthesis of chiral phthalidyl ester prodrugs via dynamic kinetic resolution of 3‐hydroxyphthalides through enantioselective acylation (up to 99 % ee). The computational studies suggest a general base catalytic mechanism differing from the widely accepted nucleophilic catalytic mechanism. The structure analysis of the key transition states shows that the CH‐π interactions and not the previously considered cation/π‐π interactions between the catalyst and substrate is the dominant factor giving rise to the observed stereocontrol.
DOPO‐based curing flame retardant of epoxy composite material for char formation and intumescent flame retardance
Authors: Chen Yao Kun , Lu Qing Xin , Zhong Gang , Zhang Hua Gui , Chen Ming Feng , Liu Can Pei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhosphorus‐containing flame retardant (HBAEA‐DOPO) for epoxy resin was synthesized by addition reaction of 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) with bis[2‐(4‐hydroxybenzylideneamino)ethyl]amine (HBAEA) that was synthesized via 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde with diethylenetriamine. HBAEA‐DOPO was mixed with 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl sulfone to co‐cure the epoxy resin of diglycidyl ether bisphenol A. The silane modified nano‐silica (nano‐SiO2) was used to reinforce the epoxy resin. Thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties of the cured epoxy materials were studied with the use of thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Flame retardance and burning behavior were evaluated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test, and the cone calorimetry. The cured epoxy materials have excellent thermal stability, and the temperatures at the maximum weight loss rate are over 384.0°C. The characteristic temperature corresponding to 5.00 wt% of thermal decomposition reaches 341.5°C as 1.00 wt% of phosphorus content is loaded. Flame retardant grade meets the V‐0 level. The fire residue mass gradually increases with HBAEA‐DOPO and nano‐SiO2. The characteristics of high flame retardance and smoke suppression of HBAEA‐DOPO and nano‐SiO2 on the cured epoxy composites have been demonstrated to be related to char formation and intumescent flame retardance in the condensed phase.
Antistatic packaging based on PTT/PTT‐g‐MA/ABS/MWCNT nanocomposites: Effect of the chemical functionalization of MWCNTs
Authors: Braga Natália Ferreira , Ding Hao , Sun Luyi , Passador Fabio Roberto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites have attracted high interest for a wide spectrum of applications, including antistatic packaging used to protect electronic devices against electrostatic discharge. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT)/maleic‐anhydride‐grafted PTT (PTT‐g‐MA)/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) blend‐based multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposites were prepared through extrusion. It was conducted chemical functionalization on the MWCNTs by oxidation using nitric acid to introduce functional groups. The effect of the amount (0.5 or 1.0 wt%) and functionalization of MWCNTs on the nanocomposites was investigated. Despite the poor barrier properties of PTT/PTT‐g‐MA/ABS/MWCNT nanocomposites due to the presence of voids confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the nanocomposites with functionalized MWCNT (MWCNTf) showed excellent barrier properties, indicating that the functionalization process improved the interaction between the MWCNTs and the matrix. The addition of MWCNTs into PTT/PTT‐g‐MA/ABS blend decreased the electrical resistivity by eight orders of magnitude. The use of MWCNTf may still disrupt the electrical network pathway and slightly decreasing the electrical resistivity, but the nanocomposites present the desired properties required for antistatic packaging.
Platinum cross‐linked chitosan hydrogels synthesized in water saturated with CO2 under high pressure
Authors: Pigaleva Marina A. , Novikov Ilya V. , Nikolaev Alexander Yu. , Vasil'ev Viktor G. , Abramchuk Sergei S. , Naumkin Alexander V. , Arkharova Natalya A. , Sadykova Vera S. , Kuvarina Anastasia E. , Gallyamov Marat O. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe creation of biocompatible composite hydrogels from renewable biopolymers with stabilized functional platinum nanoparticles seems to be an important scientific task. The formation of such hydrogels in a unique medium of carbonic acid under high pressure CO2 is promising due to its sterilizing ability under pressure, biocompatibility after decompression and environmental friendliness. In the present work, stable chitosan hydrogels with platinum nanoparticles were obtained in such solutions. The hydrogel nature of the composites was confirmed by rotational rheology. The physicochemical characteristics were studied using Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray photoelectron, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies, transmission electron, scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. It was found that nanoparticles of oxidized Pt of approximately 4.5 nm in size are stabilized by chitosan in the composite. The resulting chitosan/Pt hydrogels were also tested for antimicrobial activity and shown strong activity against Gram‐positive bacteria (B. subtilis and B. coagulans) and slight activity against E. coli.
Recent Advances in Iridoid Chemistry: Biosynthesis and Chemical Synthesis
Authors: Kouda Ryuji , Yakushiji Fumika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIridoids are a large family of monoterpenoids found in traditional medicinal plants and show significant effects for the human species. In addition to their wide range of biological activities, such as neuroprotective and antitumor activities, the cis‐fused bicyclic ring systems of iridoids are still attractive as synthetic targets to apply novel synthetic methodologies. Accordingly, recent progress regarding the biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of iridoids is covered in this minireview. Identification of new enzymes for the iridoid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus and ingenious synthetic strategies for the construction of the iridoid skeleton are described.
White matter abnormalities and cognitive function in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder
Authors: Masuda Yoshikazu , Okada Go , Takamura Masahiro , Shibasaki Chiyo , Yoshino Atsuo , Yokoyama Satoshi , Ichikawa Naho , Okuhata Shiho , Kobayashi Tetsuo , Yamawaki Shigeto , Okamoto Yasumasa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesIn recent years, a growing number of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have compared white matter integrity between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). However, few studies have examined the pathophysiological significance of different degrees of white matter abnormalities between the two disorders. The present study comprehensively assessed white matter integrity among healthy controls (HC) and euthymic patients with MDD and BD using whole‐brain tractography and examined associations between white matter integrity and cognitive functioning.MethodsWe performed neurocognitive examinations and DTI with 30 HCs, 30 patients with MDD, and 30 patients with BD. We statistically evaluated white matter integrity and cognitive function differences across the three groups, assessing associations between white matter integrities and cognitive function.ResultsThe BD group showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) for the corpus callosum body, as well as lower, sustained attention and set‐shifting scores compared to the other groups. FA for the left body of the corpus callosum was correlated with sustained attention in patients with BD.ConclusionsThe significant reduction of white matter integrity in the corpus callosum in BD, compared to MDD, was associated with an impairment of sustained attention. This result promotes the understanding of the significance of white matter integrity in mood disorders.
Vacuum steam treatment of soft wheat: Quality and reduction of Escherichia coli O121 and Salmonella Enteritidis PT30
Authors: Simsek Senay , Snelling Jane , Malekmohammadi Sahar , Bergholz Teresa M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesSeveral foodborne outbreaks due to contaminated wheat flour have occurred, resulting in a need for a microbial reduction process. Thermal treatments utilizing high temperatures can compromise wheat end‐use quality. Vacuum steam treatment (VST) is a promising method for reducing pathogens on wheat. This study determined the pathogen inactivation levels on soft red winter (SRW) wheat while maintaining flour functionality.FindingsSoft red winter wheat samples underwent VST for 4 and 8 min at 65, 75, and 85°C prior to milling. SRW flour was evaluated for end‐product quality. Increasing VST temperatures negatively impacted bread quality due to protein denaturation. Cake and cookie quality parameters resulted in little to no significant (p < .05) difference with increasing VST temperatures. SRW wheat was also inoculated with Escherichia coli O121 and Salmonella Enteritidis PT30. The treatments resulted in a maximum average microbial reduction of 5.09 ± 0.50 log CFU/g for Salmonella and 7.34 ± 0.11 log CFU/g for E. coli.ConclusionsVacuum steam treatment could be used by the milling industry to effectively inactive pathogens without compromising soft wheat flour quality.Significance and noveltyVacuum steam treatment process could improve the safety of wheat flour‐based products without adding chemical treatments and while maintaining flour quality.
Intracranial bleeding following soccer‐related head trauma in a young student with occult factor VII deficiency
Authors: Lopetegui Lia Nerea , Luke Abigael , Asad Syed Daniyal , Sama Shashank , Wolansky Leo J. , Hegde Upendra P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt is important to obtain coagulation tests to assess bleeding risk in trauma patients undergoing emergency surgery when a bleeding disorder may be obscured. Identifying specific clotting factor defects is critical in successful patient management.
Confining Pore‐mouth: an Efficient Way to Increase the Selectivity to Ethylene in the MTO Reaction
Authors: Ding Jiajia , Shen Xuefeng , Zhou Jian , Ye Yingchun , Liu Hongxing , Xie Zaiku 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe chemical liquid deposition modification can decorate the pore aperture size by external surface deposition, which is a very efficient way to further improve the shape‐selective performance of zeolites. Here, SAPO‐34 zeolite was modified with silica by chemical liquid deposition, and then was applied in MTO reaction. It was found the Brønsted acid of SiO2‐modified SAPO‐34 zeolite increased, mainly due to the transformation from Al‐OH to Si‐OH‐Al, which can promote the selectivity to light olefins in MTO reaction. After the chemical liquid deposition, the silica located on the external surface of SAPO‐34 zeolite, reduces the apparent diffusion coefficient of propylene, which will restrain the formation and diffusion of propylene. So the selectivity to ethylene and the ratio of ethylene to propylene were significantly increased over the SiO2‐modified SAPO‐34 in the MTO reaction. Furthermore, the increase of the reactive sites can prolong the lifetime of catalyst effectively.
Comparative thermodynamic analysis of CO2 based dimethyl carbonate synthesis routes
Authors: Pandey Shailesh , Srivastava Vimal C. , Kumar Vimal 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe chemical equilibrium analysis of various possible reactions involved in the five CO2‐based routes for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC), a green chemical reagent, was performed in the present study. The variation of the molar Gibbs free energy change with temperature for the major reactions of DMC synthesis in all five routes was studied in the specified temperature range of 298.15 K‐453.15 K and at both 1 bar and 28 bar pressures (1 bar = 105 Pa) to observe the thermodynamic favourability of all routes. To observe the temperature effect, the molar heat capacities for various compounds were estimated in terms of temperature. A second‐order group additivity method called the Ruzicka‐Domalski method was used to estimate these heat capacity values. The major reactions of DMC synthesis in urea methanolysis, EC transesterification, PC transesterification, and direct CO2 synthesis routes were compared by investigating the effect of temperature (in the range of 298.15 K‐453.15 K) on the chemical equilibrium constants and the equilibrium conversions of methanol at a constant pressure of 28 bar. The one‐pot propylene oxide (PO) synthesis route was observed to be better among all the five CO2 based routes when it was compared with respect to values of the chemical equilibrium constant and equilibrium conversion of methanol at standard conditions. The reliability of the EC transesterification route was found better among all the routes at initial conditions (T = 298.15 K; P = 28 bar). While the urea methanolysis route was found as least favourable at initial conditions.
A Peptide Binder of E3 Ligase Adaptor SPOP Disrupts Oncogenic SPOP‐Protein Interactions in Kidney Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Zhen , Zhang Hao , Chen Baoen , Ouyang Sisheng , Zheng Tong , Zhou Ran , Dong Ze , Huang Yue , Zhang Tao , Jiang Hualiang , Gan Jianhua , Luo Cheng , Yang Cai‐Guang 
Published: October 2020

Main observation and conclusionThe E3 ligase adaptor SPOP, overexpressed in the nucleus but frequently dislocated into the cytoplasm in all clear cell Renal Cell Carcinomas (ccRCC), serves as a regulatory hub to promote kidney cancer through the ubiquitination and degradation of multiple downstream cancer proteins. Recently, our identification of a selective small‐molecule inhibitor of the SPOP‐phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) interaction has demonstrated that the oncogenic SPOP‐protein interaction would be a druggable target specific to ccRCC therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first time such a small‐molecule inhibitor has been developed. Herein, we have identified a peptide binder for the SPOP‐MATH domain that disrupts the oncogenic SPOP‐protein interactions in kidney cancer cells. Computational design and biophysical characterization yielded peptide Pep38 that binds to the MATH domain of SPOP and competes on PTEN‐binding to SPOP in vitro. The X‐ray complex structure reveals that the peptide binder features the following combination: one, a mimic of the native peptide binder and two, an additional β‐strand motif in sequence, which could contribute to increased binding affinity. In order to improve cellular permeability, we fused Pep38 with the delivery peptide TAT to prepare peptide TAT38, which inhibits the endogenous substrate binding to SPOP and suppresses the proliferation of the ccRCC cells. Our identification of the peptide inhibitors for SPOP‐protein interactions provides further validation that the oncogenic SPOP‐signaling pathway in ccRCC could be a druggable target specifically applicable to the therapy of kidney cancers.
The amygdaloid body of two carnivore species: The feliform banded mongoose and the caniform domestic ferret
Authors: Pillay Sashrika , Bhagwandin Adhil , Bertelsen Mads F. , Patzke Nina , Engler Gerhard , Engel Andreas K. , Manger Paul R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe current study provides an analysis of the cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, and chemoarchitecture of the amygdaloid body of the banded mongoose (Mungos mungo) and domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo). Using architectural and immunohistochemical stains, we observe that the organization of the nuclear and cortical portions of the amygdaloid complex is very similar in both species. The one major difference is the presence of a cortex‐amygdala transition zone observed in the domestic ferret that is absent in the banded mongoose. In addition, the chemoarchitecture is, for the most part, quite similar in the two species, but several variances, such as differing densities of neurons expressing the calcium‐binding proteins in specific nuclei are noted. Despite this, certain aspects of the chemoarchitecture, such as the cholinergic innervation of the magnocellular division of the basal nuclear cluster and the presence of doublecortin expressing neurons in the shell division of the accessory basal nuclear cluster, appear to be consistent features of the Eutherian mammal amygdala. The domestic ferret presented with an overall lower myelin density throughout the amygdaloid body than the banded mongoose, a feature that may reflect artificial selection in the process of domestication for increased juvenile‐like behavior in the adult domestic ferret, such as a muted fear response. The shared, but temporally distant, ancestry of the banded mongoose and domestic ferret allows us to generate observations relevant to understanding the relative influence that phylogenetic constraints, adaptive evolutionary plasticity, and the domestication process may play in the organization and chemoarchitecture of the amygdaloid body.
Selection of potato clones for heat tolerance and resistance to potato viruses X and Y for processing purposes
Authors: Fernandes Filho Claudio Carlos , Andrade Mário Henrique Murad Leite , de Souza Marçal Tiago , Fernandes Maiara Oliveira , Bastos Abel Jamir Ribeiro , Guedes Márcio Lisboa , Ribeiro Silvia Regina Rodrigues de Paula , Pinto César Augusto Brasil Pereira , Nunes José Airton Rodrigues 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops for human consumption worldwide, representing an essential component for the food security of several countries. However, yield and quality are negatively affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. In this sense, the selection of potato cultivars tolerant to heat and resistant to diseases is of great importance. Our goal was to select clones suitable for the chips industry, having heat tolerance and bearing the Rx1 and Ryadg alleles, which confer resistance to Potato virus X and Potato virus Y. We evaluated 491 clones originating from 31 biparental crosses under three different seasons in terms of heat stress (without heat stress [WHS], moderate heat stress [MHS], and high heat stress [HHS]). The evaluated traits were specific gravity (SG), dry matter yield (DMY), and proportion of physiological disorders (PD). After evaluation in the WHS and MHS seasons, the presence of the Rx1 and Ryadg alleles was investigated with the help of molecular markers in the 68 clones showing the best performance, which descended from the DGN2103 and DGN4002 parental clones. To gather the genotypic values for all traits in each season, the clones were ranked according to an index based on the genotype–ideotype distance. On average of all seasons, the top 10% selected clones by the index were 9 and 0.1% higher than the Atlantic cultivar for the traits DMY and SG, respectively, and 80% lower than Atlantic cultivar for PD. In conclusion, we report the selection of potato clones suitable for industrial processing.