bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic-assisted Soave operation for the treatment of Hirschsprung disease in children: 5 years of experience
Authors: Liu Mingkun , Fang Yifan , Zhang Bing , Lin Yu , Li Oumin , Bai Jianxi , Wu Dianming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to summarize the clinical experience of the laparoscopic-assisted Soave operation for the treatment of Hirschsprung disease in children. Methods: In total, 186 children with Hirschsprung disease participated in this study from January 2014 to January 2019. The Soave operation was used to treat Hirschsprung disease with laparoscopic assistance. Symptoms and signs were followed up at one week, one month, three months, six months, one year and every 1-2 years after the first year. Results: All 186 children underwent laparoscopic surgery successfully, and none progressed to open surgery. During hospitalization and follow-up, there were 49 patients with complications, including 1 patient with an anastomotic leakage, 1 with an anal stricture, 5 with constipation recurrence, 5 with dirty defecation, 22 with enterocolitis, and 15 with perianal erosion. There were no complications such as abdominal bleeding, abdominal infection, ureter injury, adhesive intestinal obstruction, anastomotic stricture, incontinence. Conclusion: The laparoscopic-assisted Soave operation is a safe and feasible method for the treatment of Hirschsprung disease in children. This method has the advantages of less trauma and good cosmetic effects.
Early CT manifestations and short-term evolution of coronavirus disease-2019
Authors: Wei Wei , Hu Wen Xiao , Lv Fu Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives: This study explored the features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) with the aim of improving clinical diagnosis.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and CT data of 85 patients with COVID-19 who were diagnosed between January 20, 2020 and February 20, 2020. The imaging findings, clinical and laboratory data were evaluated.Results: Of the 85 patients, five had mild symptoms, 60 had moderate symptoms, and 20 had severe symptoms. Sixty-nine patients had direct or indirect contact history, while 16 patients (19%) had no obvious epidemiological history. Eighty-five patients had prominent respiratory symptoms, while 70 patients (82%) had moderate to low fever. There were no obvious lung abnormalities in CT images of patients with mild symptoms. Common chest CT manifestations in patients with moderate or severe symptoms were ground glass opacity (GGO) (16%); GGO combined with grid (39%) or consolidation (32%); and air bronchogram sign (13%). In these patients, lesions were mostly distributed in the lower lobes of the lungs, and most were located in the periphery; pleural effusion was rare. Within 3 days after onset, GGO (23%) and GGO combined with grid (45%) were the most common manifestations in CT images; GGO combined with grid (35%) and/or consolidation (41%) were the main manifestations in CT images at 5–10 days after onset.Conclusions: Common CT manifestations of COVID-19 were GGO alone and GGO combined with grid and/or consolidation. Short-term increases in ranges of lesions or consolidation areas may indicate disease aggravation.
Validation of depressive symptoms, social support, and minority stress scales among Gay, Bisexual, and other men who have with men (GBMSM) in Nigeria, Africa: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Ogunbajo Adedotun , Iwuagwu Stella , Williams Rashidi , Biello Katie B , Kahler Christopher W , Sandfort Theodorus , Mimiaga Matthew J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in Nigeria experience social marginalization, discrimination and violence due to their sexual identity, which may negatively impact physical, mental, and sexual health outcomes. Studies on GBMSM in Africa utilize measurement scales developed largely for populations in the Global North. The validity and reliability of these instruments—to our knowledge—have never been thoroughly investigated among GBMSM in Nigeria. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity and reliability of the English versions of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-R), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and LGBT Minority Stress Measure among a large multi-state sample of GBMSM Nigeria.Methods : Between January and June 2019, we conducted cognitive interviews (N=30) and quantitative assessments (N=406) with GBMSM in Nigeria. The cognitive interviews assessed comprehension of scale items and elicited suggestions for scale modifications. The quantitative assessment was used to gather psychosocial health data and to evaluate psychometric properties and construct validity of the modified scales. We utilized confirmatory factor analysis to assess factor structure, correlation coefficients, and Cronbach’s alpha to examine scale validity and internal consistency.Results : Based on participant feedback from the cognitive interviews, we made slight modifications (i.e., culturally appropriate word substitutions) to all three scales. Results of quantitative analyses indicated good psychometric properties including high factor loadings, internal consistency and construct validity among the CESD-R, MSPSS, and LGBT Minority Stress Measure among GBMSM in Nigeria.Conclusion : These results suggests that modifying research scales to be more culturally relevant likely do not jeopardize their validity and reliability. We found that modified scales measuring depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and minority stress among GBMSM in Nigeria remained valid. More research is needed to explore whether the psychometric properties remain if the scales are translated into broken English (Pidgin) and other traditional Nigerian languages (Yoruba, Igbo and Hausa).
Usefulness of the abdominal fat area-based risk score for postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Endo Yutaka , Kitago Minoru , Shinoda Masahiro , Yagi Hiroshi , Abe Yuta , Oshima Go , Hori Shutaro , Yokose Takahiro , Abe Kodai , Takemura Ryo , Ishii Ryota , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPancreatic fistulas remain a significant concern after pancreatectomy, and it is not possible to perform preoperative risk stratification for all patients. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a unique risk model, based on the abdominal fat area (AFA) calculated by computed tomography, for pancreatic fistula development after pancreatoduodenectomy and compare it with models based on the body mass index (BMI) or abdominal thickness.Material and Methods Patient characteristics, preoperative laboratory data, radiographic findings, and their association with pancreatic fistula development after pancreaticoduodenectomy were analysed for 158 patients who underwent resection between 2011 and 2017. Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistulas (CR-POPF) were defined as Grade B or C fistulas based on the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) 2016 consensus.ResultsCR-POPF developed in 38 patients (24.2%). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that the AFA, BMI, and intra-abdominal thickness were potential candidates for predictive models for pancreatic fistula development, small pancreatic duct diameter, diabetes mellitus development, and the pathology of non-pancreatic cancers. When comparing the three risk models (AFA-, BMI-, and intra-abdominal thickness-based), the AFA-derived risk model was superior to the BMI-based and intra-abdominal thickness-based risk stratification models (area under the curve 0.836 vs 0.824 vs 0.826).Conclusions The risk model based on AFA calculation was superior to that based on BMI or intra-abdominal thickness measurements. The model must be validated further to elucidate the efficacy of the risk scoring system in more detail.
Analysis by Next-Generation Sequencing Panel Covered 60 Genes and 17 Microsatellite Foci in Endometrial Screening Liquid-Based Cytology Specimens A Comparative Study to Tissue Specimens
Authors: Akahane Toshiaki , Kitazono Ikumi , Yanazume Shintaro , Kamio Masaki , Togami Shinichi , Sakamoto Ippei , Nohara Sachio , Yokoyama Seiya , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Hiraki Tsubasa , Suzuki Shinsuke , Ueno Shinichi , Tanimoto Akihide 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is now a widely used method for cytologic screening and diagnosis of cancers. Since the cells are fixed with alcohol-based fixatives and the specimens are stored in a liquid condition, LBC specimens are also conducive for genetic analysis.

Methods

Here, we established a small cancer gene panel including 60 genes and 17 microsatellite markers for next-generation sequencing and applied to residual LBC specimens obtained by endometrial cancer screening to compare with corresponding formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues.

Results

A total of 53 FFPE and LBC specimens (n=24) were analyzed, revealing characteristic mutations for endometrial cancer including those of PTEN, CTNNB1, PIK3CA, and PIK3R1 . Eight cases had higher scores for both tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI), which agree with defective mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression. Paired endometrial LBC, and biopsied and/or resected FFPE tissues from 7 cases, demonstrated almost the same mutations, TMB, and MSI profiles in all cases.

Conclusion

These findings demonstrate that the small cancer gene panel proved to be able to detect therapeutically actionable gene mutations in endometrial LBC and FFPE specimens and that LBC specimens obtained by endometrial cancer screening is an alternative and useful source of molecular testing.
The relationship between major dietary patterns and fertility status in Iranian men: a case- control study
Authors: Haeri Farahnaz , Ghiasvand Reza , Feizi Awat , Abargouei Amin Salehi , Marvast laleh Dehghan , Nouri Mehran , Mirzaei Masoud 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: Reproductive disorders are a global health problem with high prevalence in all parts of the World. Their etiology can be attributed to several factors such as psychological, social, economical and physical. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between major dietary patterns with fertility status in Iranian men in Yazd province.Methods: In this case-control study, 400 infertile men were recruited into study during their fertility investigation in Yazd Reproductive sciences Institute by diagnosis an andrologist as the case group. The control group consisted of 604 healthy men without infertility history that selected from Shahedieh cohort study, recruitment phase from 2015 to 2016 (during one year),Yazd, Iran, according to the inclusion criteria. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and infertility. All data of the major dietary patterns were analyzed using SPSS V. 22 software.Results: five dietary patterns were extracted. These dietary patterns were grouped as Western, Healthy, Traditional, Fat-based and Mixed. After adjusting for age and level of education, the third tertile of the mixed Dietary Pattern had the highest odds ratio (OR = 7.2; 95% CI, 4.4-11.7) for infertility. In Model 2, the second tertile of the traditional dietary pattern had the lowest Odds ratio (OR = 0.012;95%CI, 0.006-0.023) About infertility. In model 3, Third tertile of western (OR = 6.3; 95% CI, 3.3-12.1) and mix dietary patterns (OR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6-5.2) had the highest odds ratio for infertility. The first tertile of each dietary pattern was considered as the reference level.Conclusions: We concluded in this study that adherence to the Western dietary pattern in model 3, Mix and fat-based pattern in model 2 was associated with high risk for infertility. On the other hand, adherence to the traditional and healthy dietary pattern had a protective effect on male infertility. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study.
Forecasting Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease Cases Using a Wavelet-based SARIMA-NNAR Hybrid Model
Authors: Yu Gongchao , Feng Huifen , Feng Shuang , Zhao Jing , Xu Jing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD) is one of the most common diseases in children, which has high morbidity. Reliable forecasting is significant for prevention and control. Recently, hybrid models have been becoming popular and wavelet analysis has been widely used. Better prediction accuracy may be achieved with wavelet-based hybrid models. Thus, our aim is to forecast number of HFMD cases with wavelet-based hybrid models.Materials and methods: We fitted a wavelet-based SARIMA(seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average)-NNAR(neural network nonlinear autoregressive) hybrid model with HFMD weekly cases from 2009 to 2016 in Zhengzhou, China. At the same time, single SARIMA model, simplex NNAR model and pure SARIMA-NNAR hybrid model were established as well for comparison and estimation.Results: The wavelet-based SARIMA-NNAR hybrid model had an excellent performance whether in fitting or in forecasting compared to other models. Its fitted and forecasting time series were approximate to the actual observed time series.Conclusions: This wavelet-based SARIMA-NNAR hybrid model that we fitted is suitable for forecasting number of HFMD cases. It will facilitate prevention and control of HFMD.
Peroxiredoxin 4 as potential fertility marker in boars
Authors: Ryu Do-Yeal , Pang Won-Ki , Rahman Md Saidur , Park Yoo-Jin , Pang Myung-Geol 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: High levels of reactive oxygen species are toxic to spermatozoa as they induce DNA damage, which leads to male infertility. Therefore, reduction of oxidative stress using reducing agents, such as antioxidant enzymes, is required. Peroxiredoxins (Prdxs) are known to play a critical role in the regulation of male fertility as antioxidant enzymes. Although several studies have suggested a close association between Prdxs and male fertility, few studies have explored the efficacy of Prdxs to predict fertility. Therefore, the current study was designed to discover the most sensitive biomarkers among the Prdxs with six isoforms, and furthermore to determine whether Prdxs are more suitable fertility markers for boar spermatozoa compared to conventional semen analysis.Results: The mRNA levels of PRDXs and several sperm parameters were examined in spermatozoa collected from 20 boars with different litter sizes. Our study showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the litter size and the levels of PRDX 4 among all isoforms in spermatozoa. Subsequently, a regression analysis using a combination of markers was conducted to increase efficacy for fertility prediction. According to the data, PRDX4 had the highest efficacy compared to other combination models. The prediction accuracy of male fertility was further evaluated through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, which showed that PRDX 4 could predict the litter size with a high overall accuracy of 95%.Conclusions: As fertility biomarkers, genomic markers might be more accurate for predicting male fertility compared to conventional semen analysis. Our findings indicate that PRDX 4 might be a potential biomarker for diagnosing male fertility and subsequently improving reproductive efficacy in boars.
Clinical outcomes and risk factors in critically ill children with diaphragmatic dysfunction: an prospective observational study
Authors: Xue Yang , Yang Chun-Feng , Ao Yu , Qi Ji , Jia Fei-Yong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Diaphragmatic dysfunction (DD) has a great negative impact on clinical outcomes, and it is a well-recognized complication in adult patients with critical illness. However, DD is largely unexplored in the critically ill pediatric population. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with DD, and to investigate the effects of DD on clinical outcomes among critically ill children.Methods: Diaphragmatic function was assessed by diaphragm ultrasound. According to the result of diaphragmatic ultrasound, all enrolled subjects were categorized into the DD group ( n=24 ) and the non-DD group ( n=46 ). Collection of sample characteristics in both groups include age, sex, height, weight, primary diagnosis, complications, laboratory findings, medications, ventilatory time and clinical outcomes.Results: The incidence of DD in this PICU was 34.3%. The level of CRP at discharge (P=0.003) in the DD group was higher than the non-DD group, and duration of elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (P<0.001), sedative days (P=0.008) and ventilatory treatment time (P<0.001) in the DD group was significantly longer than the non-DD group. Ventilatory treatment time and duration of elevated CRP were independently risk factors associated with DD. Patients in the DD group had longer PICU length of stay, higher rate of weaning or extubation failure and higher mortality. Conclusion: DD is associated with poorer clinical outcomes in critically ill childern, which include a longer PICU length of stay, higher rate of weaning or extubation failure and a higher mortality. The ventilatory treatment time and duration of elevated CRP are main risk factors of DD in critically ill children.
BrrICE1.1 is associated with putrescine synthesis through regulation of the arginine decarboxylase gene in freezing tolerance of turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa)
Authors: Author) Xin Yin(Former Corresponding , Yang Yunqiang , Lv Yanqiu , Li Yan , Yang Danni , Yue Yanling , Author) Yongping Yang(New Corresponding 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: In the agricultural areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, temperature varies widely from day to night during the growing season, which makes the extreme temperature become one of the limiting factors of crop yield. Turnip (Brassica rapa var. rapa) is a traditional crop of Tibet grown in the Tibet Plateau, but its molecular and metabolic mechanisms of freezing tolerance is unclear. Results: Here, based on the changes in transcriptional and metabolic levels of Tibetan turnip under freezing treatment, the expression of the arginine decarboxylase gene BrrADC2.2 exhibited an accumulative pattern in accordance with putrescine content. Moreover, we demonstrated that the transcription factor BrrICE1.1 (Inducer of CBF Expression 1) could directly bind to the BrrADC2.2 promoter, activating BrrADC2.2 to promote the accumulation of putrescine, which was verified by RNAi and overexpression analyses for both BrrADC2.2 and BrrICE1.1 using transgenic hair root. The function of putrescine in turnip was further analyzed by exogenous application putrescine and its inhibitor DL-α-(Difluoromethyl) arginine (DFMA) under freezing tolerance. In addition, the BrrICE1.1 was found to be involved in the ICE1-CBF pathway to increase the freezing stress of turnip. Conclusions: BrrICE1.1 could bind the promoter of BrrADC2.2 or CBFs to participate in freezing tolerance of turnip by transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics analyses. This study revealed the regulatory network of the freezing tolerance process in turnip and increase our understanding of the plateau crops response to extreme environments in Tibet.
Factors affecting tracheostomy in critically ill paediatric patients in Japan: a data-based analysis
Authors: Ishihara Tadashi , Tanaka Hiroshi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: There has been an increasing number of children surviving with high medical needs, for whom tracheostomy and/or home ventilation is part of their chronic disease management. The purpose of this study was to describe the indications, epidemiology, frequency, and associated factors for tracheostomy in critically ill paediatric patients using the data available in the Japanese Registry of Paediatric Acute Care (JaRPAC).METHODS: This multicentre epidemiologic study collected data concerning paediatric tracheostomy from the JaRPAC database. Patients were divided into two groups: those with or without tracheostomies when they were discharged from the ICU or PICU. Consecutive patients aged ≤ 16 years who did not undergo tracheostomy when admitted to ICU or PICU between April 2014 and March 2017 were included.RESULTS: A total of 23 hospitals participated, involving 6,199 paediatric patients registered in the JaRPAC database during the study period. Of the registered paediatric patients, 5,769 (95%) patients were admitted to the ICUs or PICUs without tracheostomies. Among the patients, 181 patients (3.1%) had undergone tracheostomies. There were significant differences in chronic conditions (134, 74.0% versus 3096, 55.4%, p < 0.01), chromosomal anomalies (19, 10.5% versus 326, 5.8%, p < 0.01), urgent admission (151, 83.4% versus 3093, 55.4%, p < 0.01). More tracheostomies were performed on patients who were admitted for respiratory failure (61, 33.7% versus 926, 16.1%, p < 0.01) and for post-cardiac pulmonary arrest (CPA) resuscitation (40, 22.1% versus 71, 1.1%, p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report to use a large-scale registry of critically ill paediatric patients in Japan to describe the interrelated factors of tracheostomies. Chronic conditions (especially for neuromuscular disease), chromosomal anomaly, urgent admission, admission due to respiratory failure, or treatment for post-CPA resuscitation all had the possibility to be risk factors for tracheostomy.
Obesity prevention in the early years: a mapping study of national policies in England from a behavioural science perspective
Authors: Croker Helen , Russell Simon , Gireesh Aswathikutty , Bonham Aida , Hawkes Corinna , Bedford Helen , Michie Susan , Viner Russell M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Evidence indicates that early life is a critical time for determining future risk of obesity. A sharper policy focus on pregnancy and early childhood would be useful to improve obesity prevention efforts. This study aimed to systematically identify and categorise the policy levers being used in England that have potential to influence early lifecourse (pregnancy and 0-5 years) and identify how these policies interface with energy balance behaviours. The objective is to identify gaps and where further policy actions could most effectively focus. Methods A behavioural science approach was taken using the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) framework. The key determinants of energy balance in the early years were identified from the Foresight Systems Map. Policy actions were scoped systematically from available literature, including any health or non-health policies which could impact on energy balance behaviours. The Foresight variables and policy actions were considered in terms of COM-B and the BCW to determine approaches that would be likely to be effective for obesity prevention and treatment. Existing policies were then overlaid across the map of key risk factors to identify gaps in obesity prevention and treatment provision. Results A wide range of policy actions were identified (n=115) to address obesity-relevant risk factors. The most common policy actions were educational and guidelines relating to environmental restructuring (i.e. changing the physical or social context). Scope for strengthening policies relating to the food system (e.g. the market price of food) and psychological factors contributing to obesity were identified. Policies acted via all aspects of the COM-B model, but there was scope forimproving policies to increase capability through skills acquisition and both reflective and automatic motivation. Conclusions There is substantial policy activity to address early years obesity but much is focused on education. Scope exists to strengthen actions relating to upstream policies which act on food systems and those targeting psychological factors contributing to obesity risk.