bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leakage rate–based untrustworthy relay selection
Authors: Ozduran Volkan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the leakage rate based untrustworthy relay selection strategies, which are based on the untrustworthy relay terminals operate in half‐duplex, full‐duplex, and hybrid modes. The investigation considers a dual‐hop one/two‐way half/full‐duplex wireless relaying network in the system model. The investigation also considers that a finite number of friendly jammers affect the untrustworthy relay terminals. According to analytical, asymptotic, and Monte Carlo simulation results, the LR‐based untrustworthy relay selection strategies achieve cooperative diversity order in high‐signal‐to‐noise ratio. However, friendly jammers and loop interference severely affect the system performance and degrade the achievable diversity order from M to 0 and also cause system coding gain losses. In addition, friendly jammers and loop interference also degrade the system achievable rate performance and cause saturation in high SNRs.
Salt‐tolerant Staphylococcus bacteria induce structural and nutritional alterations of salted duck egg white
Authors: Xiao Gongnian , Chen Yuanzhe , Fang Ruosi , Xiao Chaogeng , Yuan Haina , Chu Bingquan , Liu Xuangan , Gong Jinyan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSalted duck egg white, a major by‐product of salted egg yolk production, is rich in nutrients. However, its high salinity limits its application in the food industry. In the present study, three haloduric bacterium strains (C1, C2, and C3) were isolated from Jinhua ham, and strain C1 exhibited higher ratio of the transparent circle diameter to the colony diameter (HC) and gelatin liquefaction. Strain C1 was further identified as a member of the genus Staphylococcus through gene sequencing and EzTaxon‐e analyses. Salted duck egg white was fermented by strain C1, and the thermal stability, microstructure, amino acid composition, and γ‐aminobutyric acid of the egg white were compared with egg white without fermentation. The fermented salted duck egg white had a significantly low salinity. Meanwhile, it increased its thermal stability compared with the control through losing an endotherm at around 85°C and forming a new endotherm peak starting at 91.8°C. Additionally, free amino acids and γ‐aminobutyric acid were found only in the fermented salted duck egg white. These indicated that fermentation with salt‐resistant strains could alter the structure of salted duck egg white and improve its nutritional quality.
A novel EWSR1‐VGLL1 gene fusion in a soft tissue malignant myoepithelial tumor
Authors: Komatsu Masato , Kawamoto Teruya , Kanzawa Maki , Kawakami Yohei , Hara Hitomi , Akisue Toshihiro , Kuroda Ryosuke , Nakamura Hayate , Hokka Daisuke , Jimbo Naoe , Itoh Tomoo , Hirose Takanori 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSoft tissue myoepithelial tumors are very rare mesenchymal tumors that are currently categorized as miscellaneous neoplasms with uncertain differentiation. Although the molecular pathogenesis of soft tissue myoepithelial tumors remains unclear, EWSR1 gene fusions with a variety of partner genes are regarded as one of the major pathogenic driver events in these tumors. We herein present a case of a deep soft tissue malignant myoepithelial tumor arising in the thigh with multiple pulmonary metastases. This tumor displayed diverse and unique histological features, namely, an epithelioid glandular growth pattern, pseudorosette‐like formation, and a diffuse nest and cord‐like pattern within an abundant myxoid matrix. Next‐generation RNA sequencing identified a novel fusion transcript, in which the in‐frame junctional reads contained exon 9 of EWSR1 and exon 2 of VGLL1, resulting in the formation of a putative chimeric protein with the N‐terminal transcriptional activation domain of EWSR1 and C‐terminal full length of the VGLL1 protein. EWSR1‐VGLL1 fusion has not been described in neoplasm before. Further molecular and functional experiments on the present EWSR1‐VGLL1 fusion gene are required to elucidate its tumorigenic effect.
The oligodendrocyte growth cone and its actin cytoskeleton: A fundamental element for progenitor cell migration and CNS myelination
Authors: Thomason Elizabeth J. , Escalante Miguel , Osterhout Donna J. , Fuss Babette 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCells of the oligodendrocyte (OLG) lineage engage in highly motile behaviors that are crucial for effective central nervous system (CNS) myelination. These behaviors include the guided migration of OLG progenitor cells (OPCs), the surveying of local environments by cellular processes extending from differentiating and pre‐myelinating OLGs, and during the process of active myelin wrapping, the forward movement of the leading edge of the myelin sheath's inner tongue along the axon. Almost all of these motile behaviors are driven by actin cytoskeletal dynamics initiated within a lamellipodial structure that is located at the tip of cellular OLG/OPC processes and is structurally as well as functionally similar to the neuronal growth cone. Accordingly, coordinated stoichiometries of actin filament (F‐actin) assembly and disassembly at these OLG/OPC growth cones have been implicated in directing process outgrowth and guidance, and the initiation of myelination. Nonetheless, the functional importance of the OLG/OPC growth cone still remains to be fully understood, and, as a unique aspect of actin cytoskeletal dynamics, F‐actin depolymerization and disassembly start to predominate at the transition from myelination initiation to myelin wrapping. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge about OLG/OPC growth cones, and it proposes a model in which actin cytoskeletal dynamics in OLG/OPC growth cones are a main driver for morphological transformations and motile behaviors. Remarkably, these activities, at least at the later stages of OLG maturation, may be regulated independently from the transcriptional gene expression changes typically associated with CNS myelination.
Does passive smoking at home lead to depression among older people in China?
Authors: Lu Wei , Wu Hong 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackgroundThis paper was carried out based on two motivations: (a) prior studies achieved mixed results regarding the effect of passive smoking on depression; and (b) studies on the impacts of passive smoking usually neglect effects on older people. In our paper, we studied the causal effect of passive smoking at home on depression among older people aged 60 years and older in China with a longitudinal study.MethodsIn assessing the causal relationship, we developed a fixed‐effects instrumental variable method using an exogenous variable—health consciousness and the smoking status of parents—as instruments of smoking status. We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which provides a national, high‐quality, and longitudinal household survey of people aged 45 years and older.ResultsOur empirical results reveal that passive smoking at home increased the depressive symptoms of older people, regardless of their smoking status. Moreover, the impact of passive smoking on depression is larger for nonsmokers than smokers. Additionally, the health consciousness and smoking status of parents are effective instrumental variables.ConclusionsThis paper calls for governments and medical institutions to pay more attention to the health of older people and their need for healthy living environments.
Broad‐based employee stock ownership: What makes it effective in the management of human resources?
Authors: Mullins Frank , Weltmann Dan , Kruse Douglas , Blasi Joseph 
Published: November 2019

AbstractResearch linking broad‐based employee stock ownership (BESO) with firm performance continues to receive considerable attention both in and outside the field of management. Despite the evidence being generally positive regarding the BESO–firm performance relationship, there has been a relative dearth of research providing insights into the circumstances surrounding the effectiveness of BESO. With this research gap in mind, we formulated and launched this special issue. This guest editor introduction begins with a look at the research on this topic, followed by a brief discussion of each article accepted for publication. We conclude by highlighting the major themes from the collective contributions of the articles and share insights regarding future research in this growing research domain.
Long‐term evapotranspiration rates for rainfed corn versus perennial bioenergy crops in a mesic landscape
Authors: Abraha Michael , Chen Jiquan , Hamilton Stephen K. , Robertson G. Philip 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPerennial cellulosic crops are promoted for their potential contributions to a sustainable energy future. However, a large‐scale perennial bioenergy production requires extensive land use changes through diversion of croplands or conversion of uncultivated lands, with potential implications for local and regional hydrology. To assess the impact of such land use conversions on ecosystem water use, we converted three 22 year‐old Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) grasslands and three 50+ year‐old conventionally tilled corn‐soybean crop fields (AGR) to either no‐till continuous maize (corn) or perennial (switchgrass or restored prairie) bioenergy crops. We also maintained one CRP grassland without conversion. We measured evapotranspiration (ET) rates on all fields for 9 years using eddy covariance methods. Results show that: (a) mean growing‐season ET rates for perennial crops were similar to the ET rate of the corn they replaced at the previously cultivated (AGR) field but ET rates for perennial crops at CRP fields were 5–9% higher than ET rate for corn on former CRP fields; and (b) mean nongrowing season ET rates for perennial fields were 11–15% lower than those for corn fields, regardless of land use history. On an annual basis, mean ET rates for perennial crops tended to be lower (4–7%) than ET rate of the corn that they replaced at AGR fields but ET rates for perennial crops and corn at CRP fields were similar. Over 9 years, mean ET rates for the same crop across land use histories were remarkably similar for corn, whereas for the perennial crops they were 4–10% higher at former CRP than at former AGR fields, mainly due to differences in growing season ET. Over the 9 years and across all fields, ET returned ~60% of the precipitation back to the atmosphere. These findings suggest that large‐scale substitution of perennial bioenergy crops for rainfed corn in mesic landscapes would have little if any (0 to −3%) impact on terrestrial water balances.
Heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia associated with collection of hematopoietic progenitor cells by apheresis
Authors: Raval Jay S. , Park Yara A. , Perjar Irina , Mazepa Marshall A. , Vincent Benjamin G. , Ma Alice D. , Rollins‐Raval Marian A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHeparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) can occur following exposure to heparin and is characterized by thrombocytopenia with increased risk for thrombosis. This condition is mediated by formation of immunoglobulin G antibodies against platelet factor 4/heparin complexes that can subsequently lead to platelet activation. Herein, we detail the clinical and laboratory findings, treatments, and outcomes of two patients who developed HIT and thrombosis after undergoing collection of hematopoietic progenitor cells by apheresis (HPC‐A) for autologous HPC transplant. Given that heparin may be used during HPC‐A collections, these cases emphasize the importance of prompt consideration of HIT in patients that develop thrombocytopenia and thrombosis following HPC‐A collection with heparin anticoagulation.
Colonoscopy using back brace support belt: A randomized, prospective trial
Authors: Toyoshima Osamu , Nishizawa Toshihiro , Sakitani Kosuke , Yamakawa Tadahiro , Yoshida Shuntaro , Fukagawa Kazushi , Hata Keisuke , Ishihara Soichiro , Suzuki Hidekazu 
Published: November 2019

Background and AimLooping is a major problem in colonoscopy, and it prolongs procedure time. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of an external abdominal compression device (back brace support belt; Maxbelt) with respect to cecal insertion time and other outcomes.MethodsWe performed a prospective study on outpatients undergoing elective colonoscopy in Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic. Subjects were randomly assigned to groups and were subjected to either Maxbelt (n = 39) or no device (control, n = 38) during colonoscopy. The colonoscopist was blinded to the study. The primary outcome that was observed was insertion time.ResultsThe intubation time of the Maxbelt group was shorter than that of the no device group, but the difference was not significant (3.29 vs 4.49 min, P = 0.069). After stratifying by age, the use of Maxbelt significantly decreased cecal intubation time in elderly participants (age ≥ 45) compared to no device group (3.27 vs 5.00 min, P = 0.032). The use of the Maxbelt significantly decreased insertion difficulty encountered by the colonoscopist (P = 0.01). There was no difference in adenoma detection rate, manual pressure, position change, and adverse event.ConclusionsThe use of a back brace support belt could be a viable approach for colonoscopy in elderly patients. (University Hospital Medical Information Network: UMIN000029361).
Exploration of quinoxaline derivatives as antimicrobial and anticancer agents
Authors: Bayoumi Ashraf H. , Ghiaty Adel H. , Abd El‐Gilil Shimaa M. , Husseiny Ebtehal M. , Ebrahim Maha A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNovel 2 and 3‐substituted quinoxaline derivatives were synthesized through various synthetic pathways, among which cyanoacetamide and cyanoacetohydrazide quinoxaline derivatives 4a‐c and 11a‐c, respectively, were synthesized. Furthermore, methoxy quinoxaline derivatives 3c and quinoxaline derivatives bearing substituted pyridines 6a,b, 12a,b, and 13a,b were designed to be synthesized. However, we have synthesized acrylohydrazide 5a,b and 7/acrylamide derivatives, Schiff base analogues 14a‐f, pyrazole derivatives 15a‐e, amide derivatives 16a‐f, guanidine derivatives 16 g,h as well as, quinoxalin‐2‐methylallyl propionate derivative 14g. All the synthesized compounds were confirmed via spectral data and elemental analyses. Moreover, the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity (Gm +ve, Gm −ve in comparison to Gentamycin a standard) and fungi (in comparison to Ketoconazole as a standard). Thus, compound 16b showed promising antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis, P. vulgaris, and S. mutants with values ranging from 20 to 27‐mm zone of inhibition. While compounds 5a, 14e,f, and 16a,c,d,g,h showed potent antimicrobial activity. Moreover, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) selected 20 compounds that were submitted for anticancer screening against 60 types of cancer cell lines. The most active compounds are 5b and 12a where compound 5b containing 2,4‐dichlorophenyl moiety at cyanoacetamide linkage of hydrazine quinoxaline backbone exerted significant growth inhibition activity against Leukemia MOLT‐4, Renal cancer UO‐31, and Breast cancer MCF‐7. In addition, compound 12a having 4,6‐diaminopyridinone side chain at position‐3 of quinoxaline nucleus exhibited remarkable anticancer activity against renal cancer UO‐31.
Editorial on “Diagnostic Efficacy of Contrast‐Enhanced MRI in Detecting Residual or Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Transarterial Chemoembolization: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis”
Authors: Macdonald D. Blair , Walsh Cynthia B. , McInnes Matthew D.F. 
Published: November 2019

Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1029–1030.
δ34S for tracing the origin of cheese and detecting its authenticity
Authors: Pianezze Silvia , Bontempo Luana , Perini Matteo , Tonon Agostino , Ziller Luca , Franceschi Pietro , Camin Federica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCasein δ34S of 725 samples of cheese from all over the world were measured using IRMS. δ34S alone made it possible to establish characteristic ranges of values for two types of Italian cheese (Grana Padano PDO and Parmigiano Reggiano PDO) and for the different regions and provinces of both the Grana Padano PDO and the Parmigiano Reggiano PDO zones. Moreover, δ34S of PDO Italian samples were compared to both Italian (not PDO) and foreign competitive cheese samples. In all the cases, sulfur isotopic ratio analysis was a powerful tool to fix characteristic ranges of values for cheeses coming from different countries and to improve the information given by other isotopic parameters.
Widespread presence of bovine proteins in human cell lines
Authors: Sugár Simon , Turiák Lilla , Vékey Károly , Drahos László 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHPLC‐MS/MS analysis of various human cell lines shows the presence of a major amount of bovine protein contaminants. These likely originate from fetal bovine serum (FBS), typically used in cell cultures. If evaluated against a human protein database, on average 10% of the identified human proteins will be misleading (bovine proteins, but indicated as if they were human). Bovine contaminants therefore may cause major bias in proteomic studies of cell cultures, if not considered explicitly.
Applicability of MALDI‐TOF MS for determination of quinolone residues in fish
Authors: Braga Patrícia A. de C. , Eberlin Marcos N. , Reyes Felix G.R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMALDI‐TOF MS approach for determination of six quinolones residues in fillets of pangasius (Pangasionodon hypophthalmus) was studied, considering that is a very sensitive analytical technique with simple and high‐throughput operation, contributing to knowledge regarding application of this technique to the determination of small‐molecular‐weight organic compound residues in foods. LIFT‐MS/MS showed to be a successful approach to identify the presence of all quinolone residues in the fish fillet, at their respective MRL level. This study opens an important field of research for the development of simple and high‐throughput bioanalytical screening methods for the determination of veterinary drug residues in foods.
Climatological aspects of the increase of the skin cancer (melanoma) incidence rate in Europe
Authors: Czerwińska Agnieszka E. , Krzyścin Janusz W. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUltraviolet radiation (UVR) has a detrimental impact on human health. Overexposures can lead to erythema and DNA damage causing various skin cancers, including the most dangerous melanoma. Recently, a large increase in melanoma incidents has been detected in Europe. We search for a link between the increase of the skin cancer incidence rate and early spring (April) trends in surface UVR and meteorological parameters (temperature, cloudiness, and precipitation) for several European sites: Belsk (Poland), Oslo (Norway), Reading (UK), and Uccle (Belgium). The trends are calculated for the periods of 1980–2004 and 2005–2018 using ground‐based UV measurements and the reconstructed data by a multilinear regression model. The April trends are of special interest because after winter the human skin is not adapted to high UVR intensity and thus susceptible to solar exposure. Statistically insignificant UV trends are found for all stations except for Belsk with the trend of ~5% per 10 years in the former period. Positive trends of 0.5–1.0°C per 10 years (statistically significant) were calculated for all stations in the mean daily maximum temperature of April in the period 1980–2018. In April, total ozone values are negatively correlated with the daily maxima of the surface temperature, so if the temperature is higher than 15°C, the corresponding total ozone values will go below the long‐term mean, causing more intense surface UVR. Moreover, high temperatures in April may encourage people to stay longer in the sun and expose parts of the body previously covered by winter clothing, which may result in numerous sunburns yielding a higher risk of melanoma. Thus, social campaigns promoting healthy scenarios of outdoor activities should start earlier than before, that is, at the beginning of spring not just before the summer vacation.
A comprehensive study of protein–mesoporous–macroporous silica interactions by extended canonical variate analysis of Raman spectra
Authors: Videira‐Quintela Diogo , Prazeres Sofia F. , Ortega‐Ojeda F. E. , Montalvo‐García G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the protein–support interactions is of major importance when manufacturing bionanomaterials to a certain application. These interactions can be the cause for enhanced properties or denaturation phenomena in the target protein. Raman spectroscopy was applied to a bionanomaterial comprehending the protein β‐galactosidase immobilized by physical adsorption into a mesoporous–macroporous silica material, with a nanoporous network consisting of 9‐nm mesopores and 200‐nm macropores. Raman spectra of the bionanomaterial evidenced a complex amount of differences related to the Raman shifts, intensities, band enlargement, appearance of new bands, and overlapping, in comparison with the silica support and the protein spectra. To help in the analysis of the Raman spectra and in the inspection of possible protein–support interactions, ECVA (extended canonical variate analysis) was used as a chemometric complementary tool, dividing the spectra into four segments: 1 (3,100 to 2,800 cm−1), 2 (1,800 to 1,500 cm−1), 3 (1,500 to 1,200 cm−1), and 4 (1,200 to 900 cm−1). Major alterations in the Amide I band (1,800 to 1,500 cm−1) and the amino acid band regions demonstrated possible structure alterations to a non‐native form of the protein β‐galactosidase. Also, other minor alterations were observed in other spectral regions (3,100 to 2,800 cm−1,1,500 to 1,200 cm−1, and 1,200 to 900 cm−1) also representative of protein structure alteration due to protein–support interactions.
The effect of an additive containing three Lactobacillus species on the fermentation pattern and microbiological status of silage
Authors: Fijałkowska Maja , Przemieniecki Sebastian Wojciech , Purwin Cezary , Lipiński Krzysztof , Kurowski Tomasz Paweł , Karwowska Anna 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAppropriate combinations of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains should be selected to optimize the ensiling process, and the additives should be adjusted to the ensiled forage crops. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inoculation with three Lactobacillus species on the chemical parameters and microbiological quality (beneficial and harmful microbiota) of grass silage.RESULTSThree species: L. paracasei (LPa), L. brevis (LB) and L. plantarum (LPl), isolated from sugar beet silage and characterized based on 16S rDNA sequences and biochemical parameters, were analyzed in the study. Single strains and their combinations were used as silage inoculants. The basic chemical and microbiological (qPCR) parameters of silages were determined. Based on the results of agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principal component analysis (PCA) it was determined that silages inoculated with single LAB strains and LPa + LB and commercial additive (0+) were the best quality ones, particularly with regard to microbiological parameters and they effectively lowered the pH value. A consortium of three Lactobacillus species had no influence on silage quality, whereas LPa + LB and LPl + LB combinations as well as a commercial additive exerted positive effects. Inoculation inhibited the growth of toxin‐producing fungi.CONCLUSIONOnly the appropriate LAB composition can improve the quality of the ensiled material (antagonistic relationship). Only the LPa + LB combination was able to improve the value of low dry silage; nevertheless, almost all combinations were able to reduced concentrations of toxin‐producing fungi. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry