bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy and Precision of an Ultrasound‐Based Device to Measure the Pelvic Tilt in Several Positions
Authors: Dardenne Guillaume , Pluchon Jean‐Philippe , Letissier Hoel , Guezou‐Philippe Aziliz , Gerard Romain , Lefèvre Christian , Stindel Eric 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesA new ultrasound‐based device is proposed to measure the patient‐specific pelvic tilt in different daily positions. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of this device as well as the intraobserver and interobserver precisions.MethodsThe accuracy was assessed by performing several tilt measurements with the device on a testing mechanical bench. The error was defined as the difference between the tilt measured with the device and the tilt provided by this test bench. Three physicians, a novice, an intermediate, and an expert user, were also asked to perform 10 measurements on 3 healthy volunteers with low, medium, and high body mass indices to analyze the intraobserver and interobserver precisions. These 10 measurements were performed in the standing, sitting, and supine positions.ResultsThe mean accuracy of the device ± SD was 1.1° ± 0.7° (range, 0°–4.0°). The interobserver and intraobserver precisions were excellent whatever the body mass index and good to excellent according to the positions. There was no learning curve, and the time required to complete the measurements was approximately 5 minutes.ConclusionsThis study presents an accurate and precise noninvasive device for measurement of the pelvic tilt in different positions.
Progress in Microfluidics‐Based Exosome Separation and Detection Technologies for Diagnostic Applications
Authors: Lin Shujing , Yu Zixian , Chen Di , Wang Zhigang , Miao Jianmin , Li Qichao , Zhang Daoyuan , Song Jie , Cui Daxiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExosomes are secreted by most cell types and circulate in body fluids. Recent studies have revealed that exosomes play a significant role in intercellular communication and are closely associated with the pathogenesis of disease. Therefore, exosomes are considered promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, exosomes are always mixed with other components of body fluids. Consequently, separation methods for exosomes that allow high‐purity and high‐throughput separation with a high recovery rate and detection techniques for exosomes that are rapid, highly sensitive, highly specific, and have a low detection limit are indispensable for diagnostic applications. For decades, many exosome separation and detection techniques have been developed to achieve the aforementioned goals. However, in most cases, these two techniques are performed separately, which increases operation complexity, time consumption, and cost. The emergence of microfluidics offers a promising way to integrate exosome separation and detection functions into a single chip. Herein, an overview of conventional and microfluidics‐based techniques for exosome separation and detection is presented. Moreover, the advantages and drawbacks of these techniques are compared.
Density‐based clustering
Authors: Campello Ricardo J. G. B. , Kröger Peer , Sander Jörg , Zimek Arthur 
Published: October 2019

AbstractClustering refers to the task of identifying groups or clusters in a data set. In density‐based clustering, a cluster is a set of data objects spread in the data space over a contiguous region of high density of objects. Density‐based clusters are separated from each other by contiguous regions of low density of objects. Data objects located in low‐density regions are typically considered noise or outliers. In this review article we discuss the statistical notion of density‐based clusters, classic algorithms for deriving a flat partitioning of density‐based clusters, methods for hierarchical density‐based clustering, and methods for semi‐supervised clustering. We conclude with some open challenges related to density‐based clustering.This article is categorized under:
Technologies > Data Preprocessing
Ensemble Methods > Structure Discovery
Algorithmic Development > Hierarchies and Trees
A $$\varvec{q}$$-Analogue for Euler’s $$\varvec{\zeta (6)=\pi ^6/945}$$
Authors: Goswami Ankush 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recently, Sun (Two q-analogues of Euler’s formula $$\zeta (2)=\pi ^2/6$$ζ(2)=π2/6. arXiv:1802.01473, 2018) obtained q-analogues of Euler’s formula for $$\zeta (2)$$ζ(2) and $$\zeta (4)$$ζ(4). Sun’s formulas were based on identities satisfied by triangular numbers and properties of Euler’s q-Gamma function. In this paper, we obtain a q-analogue of $$\zeta (6)=\pi ^6/945$$ζ(6)=π6/945. Our main results are stated in Theorems 2.1 and 2.2 below.
Study methodology in trauma care: towards question-based study designs
Authors: Houwert Roderick M. , Beks Reinier B. , Dijkgraaf Marcel G. W. , Roes Kit C. B. , Öner F. Cumhur , Hietbrink Falco , Leenen Luke P. H. , Groenwold Rolf H. H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe randomized controlled trial (RCT) in surgery may not always be ethical, feasible, or necessary to address a particular research question about the effect of a surgical intervention. If so, properly designed and conducted observational (non-randomized) studies may be valuable alternatives for an RCT and produce credible results. In this paper, we discus differences between RCTs and observational studies and differentiate between three types of comparisons of surgical interventions. We assert that results of different designs should be regarded as complementary to each other when evaluating surgical interventions. Criteria for credible observational research are presented to provide guidance for future observational research of surgical interventions. We argue that the research question that is being asked should guide the discussion about the value of a particular study design.
A pilot observational study to analyze (in)activity and reasons for sedentary behavior of cognitively impaired geriatric acute inpatients
Authors: Belala Nacera , Maier Carolin , Heldmann Patrick , Schwenk Michael , Becker Clemens 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background and objective
Mobility decline and worsening of the cognitive status are all too often the result of acute hospital treatment in older patients. This is particularly pronounced in patients with pre-existing cognitive impairment. This study strived to analyze the routines of geriatric acute care and identify reasons and triggers for sedentary behavior during acute hospitalization of cognitively impaired inpatients.

Methods and patients
A sample of 20 moderately cognitively impaired geriatric inpatients (average age 84 years) were recruited on an acute care ward. Information on persons attending the patient, daytime, location, context, patient’s activity behavior and difficulty of action were collected by behavioral mapping over a period of 35 1‑min timeslots and extrapolated to a period of 525 min. Routines were further analyzed via semi-structured interviews with five healthcare professionals (HCP).

Results
Relevant relations between various categorical and ordinal variables, such as patients’ activity behavior, persons attending the patient, daytime, location, difficulty of action and contextual factors were found. Extrapolated data showed that patients spent 396.9 min (75%) in their room, 342.0 min (65%) were spent alone and 236.2 min (45%) lying in bed. The time patients spent alone was grossly underestimated by HCP.

Conclusion
Time spent without company, lacking meaningful activities and continuous bedridden periods due to missing demands to leave the room might have led to time spent inactive and alone. These seem to be strong predictors for sedentariness. Routines of acute care should be reorganized to increase physical activity and thereby reduce sedentary behavior of this patient group.
Sharp solvability criteria for Dirichlet problems of mean curvature type in Riemannian manifolds: non-existence results
Authors: Alvarez Yunelsy N. , Sa Earp Ricardo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
It is well known that the Serrin condition is a necessary condition for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem for the prescribed mean curvature equation in bounded domains of $${{\,\mathrm{\mathbb {R}}\,}}^n$$Rn with certain regularity. In this paper we investigate the sharpness of the Serrin condition for the vertical mean curvature equation in the product $$ M^n \times {{\,\mathrm{\mathbb {R}}\,}}$$Mn×R. Precisely, given a $$\mathscr {C}^2$$C2 bounded domain $$\Omega $$Ω in M and a function $$ H = H (x, z) $$H=H(x,z) continuous in $$\overline{\Omega }\times {{\,\mathrm{\mathbb {R}}\,}}$$Ω¯×R and non-decreasing in the variable z, we prove that the strong Serrin condition$$(n-1)\mathcal {H}_{\partial \Omega }(y)\ge n\sup \limits _{z\in {{\,\mathrm{\mathbb {R}}\,}}}\left| H(y,z) \right| \ \forall \ y\in \partial \Omega $$(n-1)H∂Ω(y)≥nsupz∈RH(y,z)∀y∈∂Ω, is a necessary condition for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem in a large class of Riemannian manifolds within which are the Hadamard manifolds and manifolds whose sectional curvatures are bounded above by a positive constant. As a consequence of our results we deduce Jenkins–Serrin and Serrin type sharp solvability criteria.
Impact of Flashover Fire Conditions on Exposed Energized Electrical Cords/Cables
Authors: Weinschenk Craig , Madrzykowski Daniel , Courtney Paul 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThere has been prior research exploring the exposure of common electrical cords and cables to fire, but that has traditionally been at the lab scale and under near steady-state exposures. The goal of these experiments was to expose six types of cords and cables in a room-scale compartment with a fuel load sufficient to drive the compartment through flashover. The basic test design was to expose the cords and cables on the floor of a compartment to a growing fire to determine the conditions under which the cord/cable would trip the circuit protection device. All of the cords were energized and installed on a non-combustible surface. The six cables and cords were protected by three different circuit protection devices which were remote from the thermal exposure. This configuration resulted in 18 exposures per experiment. The room fires experiments consisted of three replicate fires with two sofas as the main fuel source, two replicate fires with one sofa as the main fuel source and one fire with two sofas and vinyl-covered MDF paneling on three walls in the room. Each fuel package was sufficient to support flashover conditions in the room. The average peak heat release rate of the sofa fueled compartment fires with gypsum board ceiling and walls prior to suppression was 6.8 MW. The addition of vinyl covered MDF wall paneling on three of the compartment walls increased the pre-suppression peak heat release rate to 12 MW. In each experiment during post flashover exposure, the insulation on the cords and cables ignited and burned through, exposing bare wire. During this period, the circuits faulted. Assessments of both the thermal exposure and physical damage to the cords did not reveal any correlation between the thermal exposure, cord/cable damage, and trip type.
N2SkyC: User Friendly and Efficient Neural Network Simulation Fostering Cloud Containers
Authors: Adamenko Aliaksandr , Fedorenko Andrii , Nussbaum Benjamin , Schikuta Erich 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSky computing is a new computing paradigm leveraging resources of multiple Cloud providers to create a large scale distributed infrastructure. N2Sky is a research initiative promising a framework for the utilization of Neural Networks as services across many Clouds. This involves a number of challenges ranging from the provision, discovery and utilization of services to the management, monitoring, metering and accounting of the infrastructure. Cloud Container technology offers fast deployment, good portability, and high resource efficiency to run large-scale and distributed systems. In recent years, container-based virtualization for applications has gained immense popularity. This paper presents the new N2SkyC system, a framework for the utilization of Neural Networks as services, aiming for higher flexibility, portability, dynamic orchestration, and performance by fostering microservices and Cloud container technology.
A window into fungal endophytism in Salicornia europaea: deciphering fungal characteristics as plant growth promoting agents
Authors: Furtado Bliss Ursula , Szymańska Sonia , Hrynkiewicz Katarzyna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimPlant-endophytic associations exist only when equilibrium is maintained between both partners. This study analyses the properties of endophytic fungi inhabiting a halophyte growing in high soil salinity and tests whether these fungi are beneficial or detrimental when non-host plants are inoculated.MethodFungi were isolated fromSalicornia europaeacollected from two sites differing in salinization history (anthropogenic and naturally saline) and analyzed for plant growth promoting abilities and non-host plant interactions.ResultsMost isolated fungi belonged to Ascomycota (96%) including dematiaceous fungi and commonly known plant pathogens and saprobes. The strains were metabolically active for siderophores, polyamines and indole-3-acetic acid (mainlyAureobasidiumsp.) with very low activity for phosphatases. Many showed proteolytic, lipolytic, chitinolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activities but low pectolytic activity. Different activities between similar fungal species found in both sites were particularly seen forEpiccocumsp.,Arthriniumsp. andTrichodermasp. Inoculating the non-hostLolium perennewith selected fungi increased plant growth, mainly in the symbiont (Epichloë)-free variety.Arthrinium gamsiiCR1-9 andStereum gausapatumISK3-11 were most effective for plant growth promotion.ConclusionsThis research suggests that host lifestyle and soil characteristics have a strong effect on endophytic fungi, and environmental stress could disturb the plant-fungi relations. In favourable conditions, these fungi may be effective in facilitating crop production in non-cultivable saline lands.
Synthesis of phosphates for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fracturing fluid
Authors: Chen Pengfei , Chang Honggang , Xiong Gang , Zhang Yan , Zheng Xueqin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Herein, a study of phosphate synthesis reactions with triethyl phosphate, phosphorous pentoxide and mixed alcohols is described. The synthesized phosphates are used as gelling agents in LPG fracturing fluids. By this study, a phosphate product with good performance has been obtain by screening different combination of alcohols and various reaction conditions including the ratios of reactants, reaction temperatures and reaction times. The LPG fracturing fluid prepared with the phosphate product we optimized maintains a viscosity of 200 mPa s for 1.5 h at 90 °C and 170 s−1 shear rate.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Anxiety Disorders in Young Children: A Dutch Open Trial of the Fun FRIENDS Program
Authors: van der Mheen Malindi , Legerstee Jeroen S. , Dieleman Gwendolyn C. , Hillegers Manon H.J. , Utens Elisabeth M.W.J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAnxiety disorders in young children are highly prevalent and increase the risk of social, school, and familial problems, and also of psychiatric disorders in adolescence and adulthood. Nevertheless, effective interventions for this age group are lacking. One of the few available interventions is the Fun FRIENDS program. We examined whether young children with anxiety disorders showed less anxiety after participating in Fun FRIENDS. Twenty-eight clinically anxious children (4–8 years old) participated in the cognitive behavioural Fun FRIENDS program. The program consists of 12 weekly 1.5-hour sessions and was provided in groups of 3 to 5 children. At preintervention and direct postintervention, parents completed the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for Children and Child Behavior Checklist. Clinically and statistically significant decreases were found in number of anxiety disorders, symptom interference, emotional and behavioural problems, internalising problems, and anxiety problems. The decrease in anxious/depressed problems and externalising problems was not significant. Furthermore, higher preintervention anxiety levels predicted more treatment progress, whereas sex and age did not. The Dutch version of Fun FRIENDS is promising in treating anxiety disorders in young children. Randomised controlled trials are needed to draw definite conclusions on the effectiveness of Fun FRIENDS in a clinical setting.
On Moore’s Notion of Proof
Authors: De Michael 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMuch has been said about Moore’s proof of the external world, but the notion of proof that Moore employs has been largely overlooked. I suspect that most have either found nothing wrong with it, or they have thought it somehow irrelevant to whether the proof serves its antiskeptical purpose. I show, however, that Moore’s notion of proof is highly problematic. For instance, it trivializes in the sense that any known proposition is provable. This undermines Moore’s proof as he conceives it since it introduces a skeptical regress that he goes at length to resist. I go on to consider various revisions of Moore’s notion of proof and finally settle on one that I think is adequate for Moore’s purposes and faithful to what he says concerning immediate knowledge.
Esoteric Reliabilism
Authors: Ahlstrom-Vij Kristoffer 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSurvey data suggest that many philosophers arereliabilists, in believing that beliefs are justified iff produced by a reliable process. This is bad news if reliabilism is true. Empirical results suggest that a commitment to reliable belief-formation leads to overconfident second-guessing of reliable heuristics. Hence, a widespread belief in reliabilism is likely to be epistemically detrimental by the reliabilist's own standard. The solution is a form of two-level epistemic consequentialism, where an esoteric commitment to reliabilism will be appropriate for an enlightened few, while a form of epistemic fetishism – on which some heuristics are treated as fundamental epistemic norms – is appropriate for the rest of us.
Solidarity in Diversity? State Responses to Religious Diversity in Liberal and Non-Liberal Perspectives
Authors: Neo Jaclyn L. , Roßbach Matthias , Thio Li-ann , Tischbirek Alexander 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis Article introduces the German Law Journal’s Special Issue on “Solidarity in Diversity? State Responses to Religious Diversity in Liberal and Non-Liberal Perspectives”. The major countries in comparative focus are Germany and Singapore, both self-avowedly secular countries that face the challenge of religious diversity: Singapore, from inception, and Germany, through more recent developments. A key issue the Article raises concerns liberal approaches towards regulating religion; it argues that the liberal model, taking Germany as an example, may serve as a productive starting point for comparative analysis, as the liberal focus on individual religious freedom impacts managing religious diversity, shapes national cultural identity, models of secularism and social solidarity. This is compared with non-liberal approaches, as exemplified in Singapore practice, where a more communitarian outlook underpin more interventionist approaches whereby public interests and the common good tend to be prioritized over individual freedom. The comparative angles offered in this Special Issue is furthermore buttressed in several articles in this Special Issue that make comparisons to other jurisdictions-United States and Canada. This introductory Article offers a brief overview to the various contributions to this Special Issue and identifies unifying themes.
State Answers to Religious Diversity in Germany and Singapore: History, Philosophy and Strategy
Authors: Tan Kevin YL , Roßbach Matthias 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis Article focuses on the extent to which the different legal approaches of Germany and Singapore to religious diversity were shaped by history. It first analyzes the development in Germany and describes four phases of the development of the law on the relationship between church and state. Starting with the consequences of reformation, it shows that—for centuries—the relationship between denominations had been the crucial matter of this body of law. Only later, the law dealt with conflicts between religion and atheism. This Article then presents the fundamental rights approach of the Basic Law and examines it against the backdrop of the historical development and recent challenges. Second, this Article offers a historical account of Singapore’s attempts at regulating and managing religious diversity. It starts with the establishment of a British trading post on the island in 1819 and runs up to the present day. As a result of mass migration in its early years, Singapore was to become, in the twentieth century, one of the most religiously and culturally diverse nations in the world. This Article shows that Singapore has sought to regulate and manage the various religious groups through a combination of legislation and state policy.
Capacity development among academic trainees in community-based primary health care research: The Aging, Community and Health Research Unit Experience
Authors: Ganann Rebecca , Peacock Shelley , Garnett Anna , Northwood Melissa , Hyde Ashley , Bookey-Bassett Sue , Kennedy Laurie , Markle-Reid Maureen , Ploeg Jenny , Valaitis Ruta 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Health care system capacity and sustainability to address the needs of an aging population are a challenge worldwide. An aging population has brought attention to the limitations associated with existing health systems, specifically the heavy emphasis on costly acute care and insufficient investments in comprehensive primary health care (PHC). Health system reform demands capacity building of academic trainees in PHC research to meet this challenge. The Aging, Community and Health Research Unit at McMaster University has purposefully employed a capacity building model for interdisciplinary trainee development. This paper will describe the processes and outcomes of the model, outlining how the provision of funding, mentorship, and a unique learning environment enables capacity building in networking, collaboration, leadership development, and knowledge mobilization among its trainees. The reciprocal advancement of the research unit through the knowledge and productivity of trainees will also be detailed.
Formation History of Binary Clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Priyatikanto Rhorom , Arifyanto Mochamad Ikbal , Darma Rendy , Aprilia  , Hakim Muhamad Irfan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlobal history of star or cluster formation in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has been the center of interest in several studies as it is thought to be influenced by tidal interaction with the Small Magellanic Cloud and even the Milky Way. This study focus on the formation history of the LMC in relation with the context of binary star clusters population, the apparent binary fraction (e.g., percentage of cluster pairs) in different epoch were calculated and analyzed. From the established distributions, it can be deduced that the binary clusters tend to be young (∽ 100 Myr) while their locations coincide with the locations of star forming complexes. There is an indication that the binary fraction increases as the rise of star formation rate in the last millions years. In the LMC, the increase of binary fraction at age ∽ 100 Myr can be associated to the last episode of close encounter with the Small Magellanic Cloud at ∽ 150 Myr ago. This observational evidence supports the theory of binary cluster formation through the fission of molecular cloud where the encounter between galaxies enhanced the clouds velocity dispersion which in turn increased the probability of cloud-cloud collisions that produce binary clusters.