bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo infection of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus by the fungus Esteya vermicola
Authors: Wang Hai‐Hua , Wang Yun‐Bo , Yin Can , Gao Jie , Tao Ran , Sun Yu‐Lou , Wang Chun‐Yan , Wang Zhen , Li Yong‐Xia , Sung Chang‐Keun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs the causal agent of pine wilt disease, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a serious pathogen of forest pine trees. Esteya vermicola is a nematophagous fungus of B. xylophilus and exhibits great potential as a biological control agent. However, the in vivo infection mechanism of E. vermicola on B. xylophilus is unclear. Experiments were conducted to study the colonization of host plant and infection of B. xylophilus by E. vermicola inside pine tree xylem.RESULTSA green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged E. vermicola transformant was constructed as a biomarker to study the in vivo colonization and infection of B. xylophilus in pine trees. The in vitro infection of B. xylophilus by E. vermicola was observed through GFP expression. The bacilloid conidia produced by trophic hyphae in the body of the nematode are described. Additionally, the monitoring of in vivo colonization by GFP‐tagged E. vermicola showed the germination and hyphal extension of this fungus after inoculation. Moreover, B. xylophilus infected by this biocontrol agent were extracted from healthy seedlings and observed in the xylem of trees that were wilting due to pine wilt disease.CONCLUSIONEvidence of fungal colonization and infection of B. xylophilus by E. vermicola is provided to improve our understanding of the in vivo infection mechanisms used by this nematophagous fungus against B. xylophilus. The infection of B. xylophilus by E. vermicola was inferred to begin with the implantation of propagules, and this inference will require future investigation.The colonization of Esteya vermicola in host pine tree xylem and the in vivo infection of pinewood nematode by E. vermicola were investigated using the green fluorescence protein transformant. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of Coumarin‐Analogues: Analytical, Spectral, Conformational, MOE‐Docking and Antimicrobial Studies
Authors: Bayazeed Abrar , Alshehrei Fatimah , Muhammad Zeinab A. , Al‐Fahemi Jabir , El‐Metwaly Nashwa , Farghaly Thoraya A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNew coumarin‐analogs were synthesized from the reaction of 3‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothioic acid amide with two different hydrazonoyl chlorides and phenacyl bromides. The structure of novel chromen‐3‐yl‐pyrazole derivatives were assured from analytical and spectral data which confirmed computationally. Conformational study affirmed the most fitted synthesis‐pathway particularly with enaminone and thiosemicarbazide. Seventeen novel chromen‐3‐yl‐pyrazole derivatives were screened for their antimicrobial activity versus two fungi and four bacteria species. The results of antimicrobial activity indicated that four derivatives showed activity exceed that of reference drug used. The inhibition activity towards various microorganisms were enriched by theoretical implementation for MOE‐docking module. The interaction parameters signify the inhibition extent superiority of 12 b, towards functional protein of Staphylococcus aureus (1bqb). From SAR‐point of view, the activity of such new derivatives is related to contribution of ester and electron‐donating groups as; OCH3 and CH3 substituted in phenyl‐ring.
Preparation of Inverse Opal Hydroxyapatite and Drug Delivery Properties
Authors: Wang Li‐li , Zhou Ye‐min , Wang Xiu‐feng , Feng Li‐na , Liu Xin‐xin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHydroxyapatite(HA) are widely used in the field of drug delivery, especially nano‐HA and porous HA. However, there are few reports on the use of inverse opal HA as drug carrier. In this paper, based on the colloidal crystal template prepared by polystyrene microsphere with the diameter of 380 ± 10 nm, inverse opal HA was prepared by template method as the drug sustained‐release carrier using different dispersants and ratio of template to precursor. The results indicated that when the ratio of template to precursor was 1 : 15 and the dispersant was a mixture of water and alcohol, the prepared inverse opal HA showed a complete ordered porous morphology with uniform pore spacing. In the drug delivery test of amoxicillin, the drug loading and release properties of the inverse opal HA were significantly better than that of nano‐HA. The drug loading of the inverse opal HA was about 2.17 times of nano‐HA, and the drug‐loading performance was also obviously improved. At the same time, sustained release ability of the inverse opal HA was better than that of nano‐HA when releasing amoxicillin. In the first 3 h, the cumulative release rate of amoxicillin on the inverse opal HA was less than 40%, much lower than about 60% of nano‐HA, significantly slowing down the drug release rate and showing good persistence. Therefore, the inverse opal HA as a drug carrier could also improve the sudden release effect of the drug and make the release rate gentler.
Direct Z‐Scheme Janus‐Shaped Heterojunction of TiO2‐Ti2O3(H2O)2(C2O4)⋅H2O: A Novel Photocatalyst or Photoanode
Authors: Hu Kangkai , E Lei , Zhao Dan , Li Yajing , Zhao Wei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe novel n‐n type heterojunction of TiO2‐Ti2O3(H2O)2(C2O4)⋅H2O, realizing a direct Z‐scheme of the charge transfer mechanism, preparing by in‐situ growth of titanium oxalate through one‐step hydrothermal method, possessing janus‐shaped structure, is a photocatalyst for wastewater treatment or photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Probing Higgs-portal dark matter with vector-boson fusion
Authors: Heisig Jan , Krämer Michael , Madge Eric , Mück Alexander 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We constrain the Higgs-portal model employing the vector-boson fusion channel at the LHC. In particular, we include the phenomenologically interesting parameter region near the Higgs resonance, where the Higgs-boson mass is close to the threshold for dark-matter production and a running-width prescription has to be employed for the Higgs- boson propagator. Limits for the Higgs-portal coupling as a function of the dark-matter mass are derived from the CMS search for invisible Higgs-boson decays in vector-boson fusion at 13 TeV. Furthermore, we perform projections for the 14 TeV HL-LHC and the 27 TeV HE-LHC taking into account a realistic estimate of the systematic uncertainties. The respective upper limits on the invisible branching ratio of the Higgs boson reach a level of 2% and constrain perturbative Higgs-portal couplings up to dark-matter masses of about 110 GeV.
The importance of FDG PET/CT in the diagnostic process of the middle aortic syndrome in a 15-year-old boy patient with suspected systemic vasculitis and final diagnosis of Williams–Beuren syndrome
Authors: Opoka-Winiarska Violetta , Tomaszek Maria Barbara , Sobiesiak Aleksandra , Rybkowska Aleksandra , Lejman Monika , Jaszczuk lIona , Woźniak Magdalena Maria , Zielonka-Lamparska Edyta , Chrapko Beata 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe differential diagnosis in children with the systemic vasculopathy is still a challenge for clinicians. The progress in vascular imaging and the latest recommendations improve the diagnostic process, but only single reports describe the use of new imaging tests in children. The publication aims to demonstrate the important role of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography combined with anatomical computed tomography angiography (PET/CTA) imaging in the case of a 15-year-old boy with chest pain, intermittent claudication, hypertension and features of middle aortic syndrome in computed tomography angiography (CTA). The patient was suspected to have Takayasu arteritis, but was finally diagnosed with Williams–Beuren syndrome. The case indicates that the FDG PET/CT imaging might be essential in the diagnostic process of middle aortic syndrome in children. We suggest that this imaging technique should be considered in the diagnostic process of systemic vasculopathy particularly in children.
Single-digit cold-induced vasodilation adaptations during an Antarctic expedition
Authors: Tyler Christopher James , Lambert Robert , Kumar Alexander , Stroud Mike Adrian , Cheung Stephen Sau-Shing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn increasing number of people are spending time in Polar Regions for work and tourism and this can increase the risk of tissue injuries, e.g. frostbite. The risk would be reduced if beneficial peripheral blood flow adaptions occurred but data regarding the trainability of the cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) response are equivocal. Five healthy males spent almost 8 months in Antarctica; five of them at a semi-permanent camp (− 44 °C; 2752 m). CIVD tests (30 min index finger immersion into 0 °C water) were performed on the 12th, 39–40th, 67–68th, 179th and 234th days of the expedition in a climate-controlled caboose. Heart rate (HR), thermal sensation of the finger, pain sensation, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded. Minimum, maximum, and mean finger temperature were greater, onset time was earlier (r = 0.34), and amplitude was greater (r = 0.55) on day 234 than day 12 suggesting that adaptation occurred. Time-point data suggested that the adaptations were progressive. Cardiovascular and perceptual data also showed some adaptation. MAP was lower on day 234 than day 12 (r = 0.47 and r = 0.47) but mean HR was higher (r = 0.55). Mean and peak thermal sensation (r = 0.31–0.59; r = 0.31) and perceived pain (r = 0.58; r = 0.36) both improved over the course of the expedition. Of interest to Polar Region visitors, beneficial peripheral and perceptual adaptations to prolonged Antarctic exposure can occur with 2 h of daily outdoor exposure although the rates at which adaptation occurs differ.
Antarctic Radiosonde Observations Reduce Uncertainties and Errors in Reanalyses and Forecasts over the Southern Ocean: An Extreme Cyclone Case
Authors: Sato Kazutoshi , Inoue Jun , Yamazaki Akira , Hirasawa Naohiko , Sugiura Konosuke , Yamada Kyohei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCyclones with strong winds can make the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic a dangerous environment. Accurate weather forecasts are essential for safe shipping in the Southern Ocean and observational and logistical operations at Antarctic research stations. This study investigated the impact of additional radiosonde observations from Research Vessel “Shirase” over the Southern Ocean and Dome Fuji Station in Antarctica on reanalysis data and forecast experiments using an ensemble data assimilation system comprising the Atmospheric General Circulation Model for the Earth Simulator and the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter Experimental Ensemble Reanalysis, version 2. A 63-member ensemble forecast experiment was conducted focusing on an unusually strong Antarctic cyclonic event. Reanalysis data with (observing system experiment) and without (control) additional radiosonde data were used as initial values. The observing system experiment correctly captured the central pressure of the cyclone, which led to the reliable prediction of the strong winds and moisture transport near the coast. Conversely, the control experiment predicted lower wind speeds because it failed to forecast the central pressure of the cyclone adequately. Differences were found in cyclone predictions of operational forecast systems with and without assimilation of radiosonde observations from Dome Fuji Station.
Selected protein expression in a new prognostic model for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Semeniuk-Wojtaś Aleksandra , Lubas Arkadiusz , Cierniak Szczepan , Brzóskowska Urszula , Syryło Tomasz , Zieliński Henryk , Stec Rafał 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
After transurethral resection of a bladder tumor, patients frequently have a recurrence of the disease, thereby requiring adjuvant therapy.

Purpose
The study aimed to determine the prognostic value of expression levels of p53, Ki-67, and survivin, and to develop a new prognostic model for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after transurethral resection of a bladder tumor.

Methods
The study group consisted of 101 patients with primary NMIBC. Univariate followed by multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to obtain a model including the smallest possible number of descriptive variables with the highest statistical significance and impact on risk.

Results
The RECINT model (RECurrence In Not Treated) including factors independently associated with cancer recurrence (tumor size [HR 1.148; p = 0.034], intensity of the color reaction for p53 [HR 1.716; p = 0.008], Ki-67 [HR 3.001; p = 0.022], and survivin [HR 1.461; p = 0.021]) adequately stratified recurrence free-survival (R2 = 0.341, p < 0.001) in patients with primary NMIBC. Patients with the lowest RECINT score (0–6) had the lowest probability of cancer recurrence (1- and 5-year recurrence of 16%) in comparison with other groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The RECINT model may be useful for stratifying the risk of recurrence in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and may allow for identification of those who may benefit the most from adjuvant BCG immunotherapy.
Digitale Soziale Sicherung: Potenzial für die Plattformarbeit
Authors: Weber Enzo 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie soziale Absicherung in der Plattformarbeit weist gravierende Lücken auf. Das Konzept „Digitale Soziale Sicherung“ zeigt, wie die Sozialversicherung auch in einen sehr kurzfristig agierenden, (teilweise) internationalen Markt integriert werden kann. Dabei wird in die Plattformen ein digitaler Mechanismus implementiert, der mit jeder Beendigung eines Jobs automatisch einen bestimmten Prozentsatz des vereinbarten Entgelts als Sozialbeitrag abführt. Indem dieser Mechanismus an der Plattform ansetzt, wird ein effektives digitales Quellenabzugsverfahren für Plattformarbeit ermöglicht. Das System wäre offen für die Beteiligung (möglichst vieler) verschiedener Staaten. Die nationale Sozialversicherung behält aber ihre Souveränität und Flexibilität.
New Work Forms: How to Integrate Them in Our Social Insurances
Authors: Montebovi Saskia , Fernandez Alberto Barrio , Schoukens Paul 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe increase in the group of atypical workers means that their social security protection needs reviewing. How far should we go in approaching social security for self-employed workers, flex workers, crowd workers and all new employment relationships differently? This will depend on the number of elements in respect to which the atypical employment relationship differs from the established standard: the full-time employee with a permanent employment contract. What we propose is a social security system that is sufficiently flexible in its implementation to give the different groups of workers an equal place and at the same time maintain a financially sustainable social security system providing sufficient social security protection for typical and atypical workers.
Overlapping Transmission Networks of Early Syphilis and/or Newly HIV Diagnosed Gay, Bisexual and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM): Opportunities for Optimizing Public Health Interventions
Authors: Jennings Jacky M. , Tilchin Carla , Meza Benjamin , Schumacher Christina , Fields Errol , Latkin Carl , Rompalo Anne , Greenbaum Adena , Ghanem Khalil G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSyphilis and HIV among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM) are syndemic suggesting current prevention strategies are not effective. Sex partner meeting places and their networks may yield effective and optimal interventions. From 2009 to 2017, 57 unique venues were reported by > 1 MSM and 7.0% (n = 4), 21.1% (n = 12) and 71.9% (n = 41) were classified as syphilis, HIV or co-diagnosed venues, respectively. Forty-nine venues were connected in one main network component with four online, co-diagnosis venues representing 51.6% of reports and the highest degree and eigenvector centralities. In a sub-analysis during a local syphilis epidemic, the proportion of venues connected in the main component increased 38.7% (61.5% to 86.4%); suggesting increasing overlap in syphilis and HIV transmission and density of the venue network structure over time. This network analysis may identify the optimal set of venues for tailored interventions. It also suggests increasing difficulty of interrupting network transmission through fragmentation.
Mentalising Moderates the Link between Autism Traits and Current Gender Dysphoric Features in Primarily Non-autistic, Cisgender Individuals
Authors: Kallitsounaki Aimilia , Williams David 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe co-occurrence between autism and gender dysphoria has received much attention recently. We found that, among 101 adults from the general population number of autism traits, as measured using the autism-spectrum quotient was associated significantly with recalled and current gender dysphoric traits. Furthermore, performance on an objective measure of mentalising, such as the “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test was associated with current gender dysphoric traits, but most importantly it moderated the relation between number of autism traits and number of current gender dysphoric traits, such that the association was significant only when mentalising ability was relatively low. Results suggest mentalising may represent a contributing factor to the relation between autism and gender dysphoric traits in the general population.
Problematic blue growth: a thematic synthesis of social sustainability problems related to growth in the marine and coastal tourism
Authors: Leposa Neva 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMarine and coastal tourism constitutes one of the largest and fastest-growing segments in tourism. Growth in marine tourism is now furthered through the ‘blue growth’ imperative, which this article problematises. The paper argues that there are already existing sustainability issues related to the marine tourism sector. These problems could be exacerbated if growth is additionally boosted. Since the social sustainability consequences of the growth of marine tourism are less known in the sustainability science literature, this paper thematically synthesises these types of sustainability problems in particular, as presented in the tourism studies, and brings them closer to sustainability science readers. The cases of cruise tourism, ecotourism, and tourism in marine protected areas, and community-based tourism studies are examined, wherein the latter represents a critical case for social sustainability matters. The paper reports several social and environmental injustices, produced through structural forces, and a manipulated access to natural resources, health services, and healthy environments. Social sustainability issues are most obvious in cruise tourism; however, also tourism in marine protected areas, ecotourism, and community-based tourism are not unproblematic. Thus, blue growth initiatives should be carefully examined and questioned.
Towards understanding interactions between Sustainable Development Goals: the role of environment–human linkages
Authors: Scharlemann Jörn P. W. , Brock Rebecca C. , Balfour Nicholas , Brown Claire , Burgess Neil D. , Guth Miriam K. , Ingram Daniel J. , Lane Richard , Martin Juliette G. C. , Wicander Sylvia , Kapos Valerie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOnly 10 years remain to achieve all Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) globally, so there is a growing need to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of action by targeting multiple SDGs. The SDGs were conceived as an ‘indivisible whole’, but interactions between SDGs need to be better understood. Several previous assessments have begun to explore interactions including synergies and possible conflicts between the SDGs, and differ widely in their conclusions. Although some highlight the role of the more environmentally-focused SDGs in underpinning sustainable development, none specifically focuses on environment–human linkages. Assessing interactions between SDGs, and the influence of environment on them can make an important contribution to informing decisions in 2020 and beyond. Here, we review previous assessments of interactions among SDGs, apply an influence matrix to assess pairwise interactions between all SDGs, and show how viewing these from the perspective of environment–human linkages can influence the outcome. Environment, and environment–human linkages, influence most interactions between SDGs. Our action-focused assessment enables decision makers to focus environmental management to have the greatest impacts and to identify opportunities to build on synergies and reduce trade-offs between particular SDGs. It may enable sectoral decision makers to seek support from environment managers for achieving their goals. We explore cross-cutting issues and the relevance and potential application of our approach in supporting decision making for progress to achieve the SDGs.
Epistemic Standards for Participatory Technology Assessment: Suggestions Based Upon Well-Ordered Science
Authors: Durán Juan M. , Pirtle Zachary 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhen one wants to use citizen input to inform policy, what should the standards of informedness on the part of the citizens be? While there are moral reasons to allow every citizen to participate and have a voice on every issue, regardless of education and involvement, designers of participatory assessments have to make decisions about how to structure deliberations as well as how much background information and deliberation time to provide to participants. After assessing different frameworks for the relationship between science and society, we use Philip Kitcher's framework of Well-Ordered Science to propose an epistemic standard on how citizen deliberations should be structured. We explore what potential standards follow from this epistemic framework focusing on significance versus scientific and engineering expertise. We argue that citizens should be tutored on the historical context of why scientific questions became significant and deemed scientifically and socially valuable, and if citizens report that they are capable of weighing in on an issue then they should be able to do so. We explore what this standard can mean by looking at actual citizen deliberations tied to the 2014 NASA ECAST Asteroid Initiative Citizen forums. We code different vignettes of citizens debating alternative approaches for Mars exploration based upon what level of information seemed to be sufficient for them to feel comfortable in making a policy position. The analysis provides recommendations on how to design and assess future citizen assessments grounded in properly conveying the historical value context surrounding a scientific issue and trusting citizens to seek out sufficient information to deliberate.
Multiprofessionalität braucht mehr als Netzwerkpartner_innen
Authors: Heyer Lea , Schilling Carina 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungVon Einrichtungen wie Familienzentren und Jugendzentren wird gefordert, sich zu vernetzen. Netzwerkarbeit gilt unhinterfragt als eine Strategie zur Etablierung multiprofessioneller Zusammenarbeit. Zwei aktuelle Forschungsprojekte zeigen, dass Multiprofessionalität im Netzwerk mehr braucht als Kooperationspartner_innen.