bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bipolar radiofrequency thermotherapy treatment of the prostate in urinary catheter‐dependent men
Authors: Salar Remzi , Özbay Engin , Öncel Halil Ferat 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, for the first time in the literature, we evaluated patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who had undergone permanent urinary catheterization for urinary retention and who were treated with radiofrequency (RF) thermotherapy as an alternative method due to their inoperability based on the high risk associated with anesthesia. We aimed to investigate these patients' posttreatment parameters concerning the catheter‐free rates, quality of life (QoL) changes, and retrospective treatment efficacy.MethodsRF thermotherapy was applied to 62 permanent patients catheterized within the last 3 months due to urinary retention. The follow‐up data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients who were free of catheters and those who required permanent catheterization were determined. The changes in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), QoL, postvoiding residue (PVR), and maximal flow rate (Qmax) values were analyzed.ResultsA total of 52 patients were evaluated in terms of treatment success in relation to the elimination of the need for a urinary catheter, which was calculated as 73.07%. The Qmax, IPSS, QoL, and PVR values of 38 patients who no longer required a catheter were monitored for 24 months, and statistically significant changes were observed in all parameters.ConclusionBipolar RF thermotherapy was found to be beneficial for men dependent on catheters due to BPH. It can be recommended as a safe, minimally invasive treatment method for elderly patients with a high anesthesia risk.
Fortified blended flour supplements displace plain cereals in feeding of young children
Authors: Cliffer Ilana R. , Masters William A. , Rogers Beatrice L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLipid‐based nutritional supplements (LNS) and fortified blended flours (FBF) are widely used to increase the nutrient density of children's diets and improve their health, but their effectiveness could be modified by displacement of other foods. We reanalysed data from a cost‐effectiveness trial comparing impacts on anthropometry of three FBFs (Corn Soy Blend Plus [CSB+], Corn Soy Whey Blend [CSWB], SuperCereal Plus [SC+]) and one LNS (Ready‐to‐use Supplementary Food [RUSF]) among infants aged 7–23 months in Burkina Faso. Using dietary diversity data from a single 24‐h recall period (n = 1,591 children, observed once over 18‐month study period), we fit logistic regression models to estimate differences in intake of each food group making up the infant and young child minimum dietary diversity score and linear models to test for differences in dietary diversity score among children in each supplement arm. We tested for differences in breastfeeding time using the subsample for which breastfeeding was observed (n = 176). Children who consumed one of the three FBFs had lower odds of consuming household grains, roots and tubers compared with the LNS consumers (odds ratios [ORs] = 0.35–0.47; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.20–1.05). Consumption of other foods, dietary diversity and breastfeeding did not differ significantly at the 5% significance level. FBFs displaced the household's own cereals more than LNS, with no difference in the child's consumption of other more nutrient‐rich family foods. Given limited stomach capacity and feeding time, providing fortified cereals may help improve children's overall diet quality in settings where children would otherwise be fed nutrient‐poor root crops or cereal grains.
Dispersal barriers and opportunities drive multiple levels of phylogeographic concordance in the Southern Alps of New Zealand
Authors: Marske Katharine A. , Thomaz Andréa T. , Knowles L. Lacey 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhylogeographic concordance, or the sharing of phylogeographic patterns among codistributed species, suggests similar responses to topography or climatic history. While the orientation and timing of breaks between lineages are routinely compared, spatial dynamics within regions occupied by individual lineages provide a second opportunity for comparing responses to past events. In environments with complex topography and glacial history, such as New Zealand's South Island, geographically nested comparisons can identify the processes leading to phylogeographic concordance between and within regional genomic clusters. Here, we used single nucleotide polymorphisms (obtained via ddRADseq) for two codistributed forest beetle species, Agyrtodes labralis (Leiodidae) and Brachynopus scutellaris (Staphylinidae), to evaluate the role of climate change and topography in shaping phylogeographic concordance at two, nested spatial scales: do species diverge over the same geographic barriers, with similar divergence times? And within regions delimited by these breaks, do species share similar spatial dynamics of directional expansion or isolation‐by‐distance? We found greater congruence of phylogeographic breaks between regions divided by the strongest dispersal barriers (i.e., the Southern Alps). However, these shared breaks were not indicative of shared spatial dynamics within the regions they delimit, and the most similar spatial dynamics between species occurred within regions with the strongest gradients in historical climatic stability. Our results indicate that lack of concordance as traditionally detected by lineage turnover does not rule out the possibility of shared histories, and variation in the presence and type of concordance may provide insights into the different processes shaping phylogeographic patterns across geologically dynamic regions.
Intuitions, Biases, and Extra‐Wide Reflective Equilibrium
Authors: Director Samuel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIt seems that intuitions are indispensable in philosophical theorizing. Yet, there is evidence that our intuitions are heavily influenced by biases. This generates a puzzle: we must use our intuitions, but we seemingly cannot fully trust those very intuitions. This paper develops a methodology for philosophical theorizing that attempts to avoid this puzzle. Specifically, it develops and defends a methodology it calls Extra‐Wide Reflective Equilibrium. It argues that this method allows us to use intuitions, while also providing a mechanism to check the influence of bias on our intuitions. In section 1, it defends the claim that intuitions are indispensable in philosophical theorizing. In section 2, it outlines recent arguments against the reliability of intuitions. In section 3, it explains and defends its account of Extra‐Wide Reflective Equilibrium.
The Methodological Implications of Reference Magnetism on Moral Twin Earth
Authors: Mokriski David 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Moral Twin Earth challenge to ethical naturalism threatens to undermine an otherwise promising metaethical view by showing that typical, naturalist‐friendly theories of reference determination predict diverging reference in Twin Earth scenarios, making it difficult to account for substantive moral disagreement. Several theorists have recently invoked David Lewis’s doctrine of reference magnetism as a solution, claiming that a highly elite moral property—a moral “joint in nature”—could secure shared reference between ourselves and our twins on Twin Earth, despite our diverging usages of moral terms. This paper argues that this move has significant methodological implications: namely, it entails that a certain sort of simplicity is truth‐conducive. Consequently, when applied to moral theories, this gives certain views, specifically monist ones like utilitarianism and contractualism, an advantage over their more complicated rivals, forms of pluralism and particularism. Thus, ethical naturalists cannot invoke reference magnetism without a substantial impact on first‐order theorizing.
Assessment of the Hemotek® system for the in vitro feeding of field‐collected Culicoides imicola (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in South Africa
Authors: de Beer C. J. , Boikanyo S. N. B. , Venter G. J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe optimising and standardisation of in vitro blood feeding protocols for field‐collected Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) will be of essence for the comparison of the vector competencies of various populations of viruses of veterinary importance and the establishment of laboratory colonies of putative vector species. A custom‐made feeding chamber to accommodate the small size of Culicoides imicola Kieffer was designed for the commercially available Hemotek® system and compared to existing membrane and cotton pledge feeding methods. High feeding rates coupled to higher mean blood meal volume than that of the existing OVI device indicated that the Hemotek system will be suitable for the feeding of field‐collected Culicoides. The Hemotek system was subsequently used to identify factors that may affect feeding success in the laboratory. Evaluated factors were the source (host) and temperature of the blood meal, time of the day of feeding, the position of the blood reservoir in relation to the midges and exposure time to the blood. While only feeding orientation and the temperature of the blood source seems to significantly affect the feeding rate, all the factors did influence the volume of blood consumed.
DNA methylation alterations and their potential influence on macrophage in periodontitis
Authors: Jiang Yiyang , Fu Jingfei , Du Juan , Luo Zhenhua , Guo Lijia , Xu Junji , Liu Yi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo explore how various methylation mechanisms function and affect macrophages in periodontitis, with an aim of getting a comprehensive understanding of pathogenesis of the disease.SubjectAlterations in DNA methylation are associated with different periodontitis susceptible factors and disrupt immunity homeostasis. The host’s immune response to stimulus plays a vital role in the progression of periodontitis. Macrophages are key immune cells of immune system. They act as critical regulators in maintaining issue homeostasis with their nature of high plasticity. The altered methylation status of genes may cause abnormal expression of proteins in the progress of periodontitis, thus, exert potential influence on macrophages.ResultsCertain genes are selectively activated or silenced due to the changes in the methylation status, which causes the alteration of the expression level of cytokines/chemokines, signal molecules, extracellular matrix molecules, leads to the change in local microenvironment, affects activation states of immune cells including macrophages, thus influences the host immune response during periodontitis.. This results in differential susceptibility and therapeutic outcome.ConclusionDNA methylation alteration may cause aberrant expression level of genes associated with periodontal diseases, thus results in deregulation of macrophages, which supports the prospect of using DNA methylation‐related parameter as a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.
SNHG3/miR‐2682‐5p/HOXB8 promotes cell proliferation and migration in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lu Na , Yin Yue , Yao Yuan , Zhang Peng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe potential molecular mechanism underlying the disease progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains largely elusive. The purpose of the study is to figure out the role and molecular mechanism of homeobox B8 (HOXB8) in OSCC.Materials and methodsThe expression level of HOXB8 in OSCC was validated by RT‐qPCR. The functions of HOXB8 in OSCC cells were identified through loss‐of‐function assays, including CCK‐8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, and immunofluorescence (IF). The upstream miRNA that could directly target HOXB8 was searched out through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay. Mechanism experiments were further conducted to predict the long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) that could positively regulate HOXB8 and compete for miR‐2682‐5p with HOXB8.ResultsHOXB8 was markedly upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, cell proliferation and migration were inhibited due to the shortage of HOXB8. HOXB8 was targeted by miR‐2682‐5p that negatively regulated cell proliferation and migration. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) acted as a sponge for miR‐2682‐5p. Inhibition of miR‐2682‐5p or the overexpression of HOXB8 rescued the effects of SNHG3 silencing on the proliferation and migration.ConclusionHOXB8 is regulated by SNHG3/miR‐2682‐5p axis to promote OSCC cell proliferation and migration.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic in managing dental pain: a case report on a foreign body reaction after third molar surgery
Authors: Zachar J. J. , Kanagaratnam R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has become a widespread public health concern. Restrictions to dental health care services have been implemented to reduce the risk of transmission. Managing dental pain can become difficult and challenging for those undergoing mandatory quarantine for 14 days and as a result are unable able to access dental care. They often need to resort to pharmacological intervention such as antibiotics and analgesics for pain relief. This case report presents a returned overseas traveller to Australia who developed dental pain and significant facial swelling while in quarantine. The traveller had recently undergone third molar surgery in another country prior to returning home. Upon release, the patient attended a dental clinic and the cause of pain was due to an iatrogenic foreign body (gauze strip and surgical bur) in the mandibular third molar extraction socket. This case reemphasises the dilemma that foreign bodies can have harmful consequences and can lead to a serious complication without surgical retrieval.
Seed priming with gibberellic acid induces high salinity tolerance in Pisum sativum through antioxidants, secondary metabolites and up‐regulation of antiporter genes
Authors: Ahmad F. , Kamal A. , Singh A. , Ashfaque F. , Alamri S. , Siddiqui M. H. , Khan M. I. R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit productivity of pulse crops all over the world. Seed priming with phytohormone(s) is one of the most promising, authentic and cost‐effective methods to mitigate the deleterious effect of salinity.

The study was conducted to investigate potential of seed priming with gibberellic acid (GA3) to cope up with the adverse effects of salinity (0, 100, 200 and 300 mm NaCl) in pea (Pisum sativum L.) seedlings.

There were different responses to salinity, which induced oxidative stress, higher accumulation of Na+ in shoots and roots and inhibition of photosynthetic traits. However, seed priming with GA3 showed promising effects on physiological traits under salinity stress and alleviated the adverse effects of salinity by inducing the antioxidant system, proline production, total phenol and flavonoid content and regulating ion homeostasis, along with up‐regulation of Na+/H+ antiporters (SOS1 and NHX1).

Plants adapt and prevent high salt accumulation by inducing expression of Na+/H+ antiporter (SOS1 and NHX1) proteins that enhance Na+ sequestration. Thus, seed priming with GA3 is important in alleviation of high salinity stress and can be used as a criterion for developing salt‐tolerant cultivars.
Seed dormancy of Cardiospermum halicacabum (Sapindaceae) from three precipitation zones in Sri Lanka
Authors: Thusithana V. , Amarasekara R. W. K. , Gehan Jayasuriya K. M. G. , Gama‐Arachchige N. S. , Baskin C. C. , Baskin J. M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

This study investigated seed germination of Cardiospermum halicacabum, a medicinally important invasive species.

We compared mass, moisture content (MC), dormancy and dormancy‐breaking treatments and imbibition and germination of scarified and non‐scarified seeds of C. halicacabum from a low‐elevation dry zone (DZ), low‐elevation wet zone (WZ1) and mid‐elevation wet zone (WZ2) in Sri Lanka to test the hypothesis that the percentage of seeds with water‐impermeable seed coats (physical dormancy, PY) decreases with increased precipitation.

Seed mass was higher in WZ2 than in DZ and WZ1, while seed MC did not vary among the zones. All scarified DZ, WZ1 and WZ2 and non‐scarified DZ and WZ1 seeds imbibed water, but only a few non‐scarified WZ2 seeds did so. When DZ and WZ1 seeds were desiccated, MC and percentage imbibition decreased, showing that these seeds have the ability to develop PY. GA3 promoted germination of embryos excised from fresh DZ and WZ1 seeds and of scarified WZ2 seeds.

At maturity, seeds from DZ and WZ1 had only physiological dormancy (PD), while those from WZ2 had combinational dormancy (PY+PD). Thus, our hypothesis was not supported. Since a high percentage of excised embryos developed into normal seedlings; this is a low‐cost method to produce C. halicacabum plants for medicinal and ornamental purposes.
Exploring a new breadth of cyclic steps on distal submarine fans
Authors: Fildani Andrea , Kostic Svetlana , Covault Jacob A. , Maier Katherine L. , Caress David W. , Paull Charles K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResearch on the depositional record of submarine fans and related turbidite systems has highlighted the importance of channel, lobe and levée–overbank architectural elements as fundamental building blocks. However, many of the characteristics and processes of deposits left by flows traversing those fans remain elusive, because flows seem to be able to go unconfined for long distances. Offshore southern California (USA), the La Jolla Canyon decreases in relief to become an approximately U‐shaped channel across the basin floor of the San Diego Trough. The La Jolla Channel gradually loses confinement and transitions to a network of scours, some of which align to form incipient channels, and fields of bedforms. High‐resolution seafloor topography, CHIRP seismic‐reflection data, sediment cores and hydrodynamic flow analysis are used to explore these features. The focus is on two regions of bedforms: (i) a field of net‐depositional, concentric bedforms across the eastern levée–overbank upstream from the terminus of the La Jolla Channel; and (ii) a linear train of more erosional bedforms approximating an incipient channel adjacent to the present mouth of the La Jolla Channel. These bedforms are interpreted to be among a class of upper‐flow‐regime bedforms called cyclic steps, which were formed by densimetric Froude supercritical turbidity currents that spilled out of the present La Jolla Channel. The high‐resolution data for the La Jolla Fan provide valuable insights into the characteristics of supercritical bedforms likely common to distal submarine fans, as well as on sedimentary processes likely important for submarine fan growth into sedimentary basins. In particular, the pattern of evolution of the La Jolla Fan suggests that cyclic steps with wavelengths on the order of tens of metres to a few hundreds of metres could be fundamentally important for the evolution of the distal submarine fans with relatively low‐relief main channels.
Forest fire susceptibility modeling using hybrid approaches
Authors: Abedi Gheshlaghi Hassan , Feizizadeh Bakhtiar , Blaschke Thomas , Lakes Tobia , Tajbar Sapna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractForest fires are considered one of the most highly damaging and devastating of natural disasters, causing considerable casualties and financial losses every year. Hence, it is important to produce susceptibility maps for the management of forest fires so as to reduce their harmful effects. The purpose of this study is to map the susceptibility to forest fires over Nowshahr County in Iran, using an integrated approach of index of entropy (IOE) with fuzzy membership value (FMV), frequency ratio (FR), and information value (IV) with a comparison of their precision. The spatial database incorporated the inventory of forest fire and conditioning factors. As a whole, 41 forest fire locations were identified. Out of these, 29 locations (≈70%) were randomly chosen for the forest fire susceptibility modeling (FFSM), and the remaining 12 locations (≈30%) were utilized for the validation of the models. Subsequently, utilizing FMV‐IOE, FR‐IOE, and IV‐IOE models, forest fire susceptibility maps were acquired. Finally, the modeling ability of the models for FFSM was assessed using an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. The results manifested that the prediction accuracy of the FMV‐IOE model is slightly higher than that of the FR‐IOE and IV‐IOE models. The incorporation of IOE with FMV, FR, and IV models had AUROC values of 0.890, 0.887, and 0.878, respectively. The resulting FFSM can be effective in fire repression resource planning, sustainable development, and primary warning in regions with similar conditions.
Total phenol, anthocyanin, and terpenoid content, photosynthetic rate, and nutrient uptake ofSolanum nigrumL. andDigitaria sanguinalisL. as affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation
Authors: Rashidi Sakineh , Yousefi Ali Reza , Pouryousef Majid , Goicoechea Nieves 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver the last decades, tillage, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides have reduced the beneficial fungal population size in arable soils. Though soil inoculation can be a practical way to restore arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) population size, weeds may also be benefited, as well. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of three AMF species (Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizoglomus fasciculatum, andRhizoglomus intraradices) on photosynthetic rate, secondary metabolites content, reproductive organs percentage and nutrient uptake inSolanum nigrumL. andDigitaria sanguinalisL. weed species.Our results showed species variation in response to AMF inoculation, so that, while inoculation withR. intraradicesfungal species decreased total biomass inS. nigrumplants significantly, it increased total biomass ofD. sanguinalisplants by 26–49%. In addition, inoculation withF. mosseaespecies increased phenol, anthocyanin, and total terpenoid content inS. nigrumplants much more thanD. sanguinalis. Increased photosynthetic rate, secondary metabolites content, and flowering percentage in AMF‐inoculatedS. nigrumplants show the enhanced competitive ability and allelopathic potential of this weed when associated with AMF, which makes it a good competitor against other plant species in the environment.
Temperature Dependence of the Shear-Thinning Behavior o Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide Solution for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Kang Pan-Sang , Lim Jong-Se , Huh Chun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The viscosity of injection fluid is a critical parameter that should be considered for the design and evaluation of polymer flood, which is an effective and popular technique for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). It is known that the shear-thinning behavior of EOR polymer solutions is affected by temperature. In this study, temperature dependence (25–70 °C) of the viscosity of a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solution, the most widely used EOR polymer for oil field applications, was measured under varying conditions of the polymer solution (polymer concentration: 500–3000 ppm, NaCl salinity: 1000–10,000 ppm). Under all conditions of the polymer solution, it was observed that the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature. The degree of temperature dependence, however, varies with the conditions of the polymer solution. Martin model and Lee correlations were used to estimate the dependence of the viscosity of the polymer solution on the polymer concentration and salinity. In this study, we proposed a new empirical model to better elucidate the temperature dependence of intrinsic viscosity. Analysis of the measured viscosities shows that the accuracy of the proposed temperature model is higher than that of the existing temperature model.