bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning in Age-invariant Face Recognition: A Comparative Study
Authors: Sajid Muhammad , Ali Nouman , Ratyal Naeem Iqbal , Usman Muhammad , Butt Faisal Mehmood , Riaz Imran , Musaddiq Usman , Aziz Baig Mirza Jabbar , Baig Shahbaz , Ahmad Salaria Umair 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presents comparative evaluation of an application of deep convolutional neural networks (dCNNs) to age invariant face recognition. To this end, we use four distinct dCNN models, the AlexNet, VGGNet, GoogLeNet and ResNet. We assess their performance to recognize face images across aging variations, firstly by fine-tuning the models and secondly using them as face feature extractor. We also suggest a novel synthesized aging augmentation technique suitable for age-invariant face recognition using dCNNs. The face recognition experiments are conducted on three challenging FG-NET, MORPH and LAG aging datasets, and results are benchmarked with a simple CNN. The comparative study allows us to answer (i) when and why transfer learning or feature extraction strategies are useful in age-invariant face recognition scenarios, (ii) the potential of aging synthesized augmentation to increase accuracy and (iii) the choice of appropriate feature normalization and distance metrics to be used with deeply learned features. The extensive experiments, and valuable insights presented in this study can be extended to the design of effective age-invariant face recognition algorithms.
Robust Detection of Copy-Move Forgery Based on Wavelet Decomposition and Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Kashyap Abhishek , Suresh B , Gupta Hariom 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, the whole world is covered with the revolution of digital information so that digital data are easy to transfer, access and process. Modern image processing tools are used to create forged images; by using these tools, forgers introduced forged region in the original image to spread the rumor in the public. Now there is a challenge for the forensic department to prove the authenticity of the original image. So there is required a new efficient copy-move tamper detection method. To fulfill this requirement, a new computational efficient method for copy-move forgery detection using firefly algorithm is proposed.
TNAP as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular calcification: a discussion of its pleiotropic functions in the body
Authors: Goettsch Claudia , Strzelecka-Kiliszek Agnieszka , Bessueille Laurence , Quillard Thibaut , Mechtouff Laura , Pikula Slawomir , Canet-Soulas Emmanuelle , Luis Millan Jose , Fonta Caroline , Magne David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCardiovascular calcification (CVC) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It develops in several diseases and locations, such as in the tunica intima in atherosclerosis plaques, in the tunica media in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, and in aortic valves. In spite of the wide occurrence of CVC and its detrimental effects on cardiovascular diseases (CVD), no treatment is yet available. Most of CVC involve mechanisms similar to those occurring during endochondral and/or intramembranous ossification. Logically, since tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is the key-enzyme responsible for skeletal/dental mineralization, it is a promising target to limit CVC. Tools have recently been developed to inhibit its activity and preclinical studies conducted in animal models of vascular calcification already provided promising results. Nevertheless, as its name indicates, TNAP is ubiquitous and recent data indicate that it dephosphorylates different substrates in vivo to participate in other important physiological functions besides mineralization. For instance, TNAP is involved in the metabolism of pyridoxal phosphate and the production of neurotransmitters. TNAP has also been described as an anti-inflammatory enzyme able to dephosphorylate adenosine nucleotides and lipopolysaccharide. A better understanding of the full spectrum of TNAP’s functions is needed to better characterize the effects of TNAP inhibition in diseases associated with CVC. In this review, after a brief description of the different types of CVC, we describe the newly uncovered additional functions of TNAP and discuss the expected consequences of its systemic inhibition in vivo.
Serum potassium as a predictor of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with increasing comorbidity burden
Authors: Tafesse Eskinder , Hurst Michael , Sugrue Daniel , Hoskin Louise , Badora Karolina , Qin Lei , James Glen , McEwan Phil 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to establish whether patients with multiple comorbidities may be at elevated risk of hyperkalaemia (HK), a potentially life-threatening electrolyte imbalance, and the associated adverse clinical outcomes.

Methods and results
This was a retrospective, observational cohort study using UK primary and secondary care data. Adult patients with at least one of: resistant hypertension, chronic kidney disease stage 3+, dialysis, heart failure (HF), and diabetes, were eligible for inclusion. According to their diagnoses, patients were grouped into overlapping cohorts that were updated as multimorbidity progressed. Outcomes of interest were incident HK, all-cause mortality (ACM), and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). A total of 673 686 patients met the eligibility criteria, 36.3% of whom developed multimorbidity during the study period. A consistent U-shaped association was observed between serum K+ level and adjusted incidence of ACM and MACE. Hyperkalaemia was progressively more common with increasing Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Relative to a CCI &lt;3, scores of ≥3 to &lt;6, and ≥6 were associated with 2.9- and 6.2-fold increases, respectively, in crude HK (serum K+ ≥5.0 mmol/L) incidence rate. In all condition-based cohorts except for HF, there was a clear correlation between increasing CCI and the risk of ACM and MACE associated with hypokalaemia and HK.

Conclusion
Patients with a higher CCI are at an increased risk of developing HK and appear more prone to adverse clinical outcomes associated with abnormal serum K+ levels, warranting additional routine clinical monitoring.
Cueurs desolez: Josquin, La Rue and a lament for Anne de Foix
Authors: Macey Patrick 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Two different courtiers are mourned in laments with similar texts that begin ‘Cueurs desolez’. One is a complete rondeau that appears anonymously in a chansonnier of Margaret of Austria, and Pierre de La Rue is the probable composer. The other musical setting is ascribed to Josquin, which provides only the text of a rondeau refrain. The complete text survives in a poetry collection prepared at the French royal court around 1510, Lille, Bibliothèque Municipale, Ms. 402. The full text reveals an acrostic on the family title of Anne de Foix (d.1506), and the rondeau is apparently a lament for her. Josquin is unlikely as the composer, but the newly identified dedicatee sheds fresh light on chronology for the two laments. The study offers a brief survey of acrostics in chanson poetry, and examines particular cases of acrostics and word play in the chansons of Dionisius Prioris. The latter is proposed as a possible composer of the lament for Anne de Foix.
Mechanistic insights into cardiovascular protection for omega-3 fatty acids and their bioactive lipid metabolites
Authors: O’Connell Timothy D , Mason Richard Preston , Budoff Matthew J , Navar Ann Marie , Shearer Gregory C 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPatients with well-controlled low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but persistent high triglycerides, remain at increased risk for cardiovascular events as evidenced by multiple genetic and epidemiologic studies, as well as recent clinical outcome trials. While many trials of low-dose ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown mixed results to reduce cardiovascular events, recent trials with high-dose ω3-PUFAs have reignited interest in ω3-PUFAs, particularly EPA, in cardiovascular disease (CVD). REDUCE-IT demonstrated that high-dose EPA (4 g/day icosapent-ethyl) reduced a composite of clinical events by 25% in statin-treated patients with established CVD or diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors. Outcome trials in similar statin-treated patients using DHA-containing high-dose ω3 formulations have not yet shown the benefits of EPA alone. However, there are data to show that high-dose ω3-PUFAs in patients with acute myocardial infarction had reduced left ventricular remodelling, non-infarct myocardial fibrosis, and systemic inflammation. ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids, along with their metabolites, such as oxylipins and other lipid mediators, have complex effects on the cardiovascular system. Together they target free fatty acid receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in various tissues to modulate inflammation and lipid metabolism. Here, we review these multifactorial mechanisms of ω3-PUFAs in view of recent clinical findings. These findings indicate physico-chemical and biological diversity among ω3-PUFAs that influence tissue distributions as well as disparate effects on membrane organization, rates of lipid oxidation, as well as various receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways and effects on gene expression.
Progressive involvement of cardiac conduction system in paediatric patients with Kearns–Sayre syndrome: how to predict occurrence of complete heart block and sudden cardiac death?
Authors: Di Mambro Corrado , Tamborrino Pietro Paolo , Silvetti Massimo Stefano , Yammine Marie Laure , Marcolin Cecilia , Righi Daniela , Baban Anwar , Martinelli Diego , Dionisi Vici Carlo , Drago Fabrizio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsThe aims of this study are to evaluate the progressive involvement of the cardiac conduction system in the Kearn–Sayre syndrome (KSS) and to establish criteria for the prevention of episodes of syncope or sudden cardiac death.Methods and resultsThis is a prospective monocentric study including KSS patients, with diagnosis based on clinical manifestations, muscle biopsy, and genetic tests, before the age of 18. All patients underwent cardiac screening examination with 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), 24-h Holter monitoring, and pacemaker (PM) interrogation twice a year. Fifteen patients (nine males, mean age 16.6 ± 3.9 years) with a sporadic KSS were recruited. All subjects manifested at least one of the intraventricular conduction defects (IVDs): 1 right bundle branch block (RBBB), 2 left anterior fascicular block (LAFB), 11 a bi-fascicular block (RBBB + LAFB), and 1 left posterior fascicular block. Most children with bi-fascicular block developed LAFB before the RBBB (P = 0.0049). In six patients, IVD degenerated into atrioventricular block (AVB). Endocavitary PM was implanted in 11 patients (6 with AVB and 5 with a bi-fascicular block), while an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator only in one patient with a non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Four died at mean age of 14.7 ± 2.6 years, but none of them suddenly.ConclusionEven a ‘simple’ ECG can predict the arrhythmic risk and the occurrence of catastrophic events in young patients with KSS. Left anterior fascicular block precedes RBBB in determining the bi-fascicular block and this can predict an inexorable progression of the conduction defects even in a short time. Pacemaker implantation may be indicated in these patients since the first bi-fascicular block manifestation.
Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR on a high-throughput molecular diagnostic platform and the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test for the diagnostic of COVID-19 on various clinical samples
Authors: Opota Onya , Brouillet René , Greub Gilbert , Jaton Katia 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:In order to cope with the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, we introduced on our in-house high-throughput molecular diagnostic platform (MDx Platform) a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) to detect the SARS-CoV-2 from any clinical specimens. The aim of this study was to compare the RT-PCR results obtain with the MDx Platform and the commercial assay cobas SARS-CoV-2 (Roche) on nasopharyngeal swab and other clinical specimens including sputum, bronchial aspirate, bronchoalveolar lavage and anal swabs. Methods: Samples received in our laboratory from patients suspected of COVID-19 (n = 262) were tested in parallel with our MDx platform SARS-CoV-2 PCR and with the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test. Results: The overall agreement between the two tests for all samples tested was 99.24% (260/262), which corresponded to agreements of 100% (178/178) on nasopharyngeal swabs, 95.45% (42/44) on lower respiratory tract specimen with discordant resultS obtained for very high cycle threshold (Ct) value and 100% (40/40) on anorectal swabs. The Ct values for nasopharyngeal swabs displayed an excellent correlation (R2 &gt; 96%) between both tests. Conclusions: The high agreements between the cobas SARS-CoV-2 test and the MDx platform supports the use of both methods for the diagnostic of COVID-19 on various clinical samples. Very few discrepant results may occur at very low viral load.
Integration
à tout prix
: Islam, Islamism, and the Hijab in Yamina Benguigui’s
Aïcha
Authors: Bouamer Siham 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

This study examines the depiction of Islam in
Aïcha
, Yamina Benguigui’s series of
téléfilms
released between 2009 and 2012 on the French public television channel, France 2
.
While this specific cultural production offers promising possibilities for the renewal of the representation of Maghrebi-French young people in mainstream media, the study argues that Benguigui fails to differentiate Islam from radical Islamism in her discussion of a successful model of integration. Specifically, it aims to unpack the representation of the politics of the hijab through the heroine, Aïcha. It demonstrates that she serves as an agent who cultivates the conflation of religion with fundamentalism, which ultimately nurtures a fear of the presence of Muslims in France.
Internal structure of the San Jacinto fault zone at the Ramona Reservation, north of Anza, California, from dense array seismic data
Authors: Qin Lei , Share Pieter-Ewald , Qiu Hongrui , Allam Amir A , Vernon Frank L , Ben-Zion Yehuda 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYWe image the internal structure of the San Jacinto fault zone (SJFZ) near Anza, California, with seismic data recorded by two dense arrays (RA and RR) from ∼42 000 local and ∼180 teleseismic events occurring between 2012 and 2017. The RA linear array has short aperture (∼470 m long with 12 strong motion sensors) and recorded for the entire analysed time window, whereas the RR is a large three-component nodal array (97 geophones across a ∼2.4 km × 1.4 km area) that operated for about a month in September–October 2016. The SJFZ at the site contains three near-parallel surface traces F1, F2 and F3 from SW to NE that have accommodated several Mw &gt; 6 earthquakes in the past 15 000 yr. Waveform changes in the fault normal direction indicate structural discontinuities that are consistent with the three fault surface traces. Relative slowness from local events and delay time analysis of teleseismic arrivals in the fault normal direction suggest a slower SW side than the NE with a core damage zone between F1 and F2. This core damage zone causes ∼0.05 s delay at stations RR26–31 in the teleseismic P arrivals compared with the SW-most station, and generates both P- and S-type fault zone trapped waves. Inversion of S trapped waves indicates the core damaged structure is ∼100 m wide, ∼4 km deep with a Q value of ∼20 and 40 per cent S-wave velocity reduction compared with bounding rocks. Fault zone head waves observed at stations SW of F3 indicate a local bimaterial interface that separates the locally faster NE block from the broad damage zone in the SW at shallow depth and merges with a deep interface that separates the regionally faster NE block from rocks to the SW with slower velocities at greater depth. The multiscale structural components observed at the site are related to the geological and earthquake rupture history at the site, and provide important information on the preferred NW propagation of earthquake ruptures on the San Jacinto fault.
Antisemitism in the “Jewish NKVD” in Soviet Ukraine on the Eve of World War II
Authors: Viola Lynne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Following the German invasion of the USSR on June 22, 1941, murderous violence against local Jews broke out in many localities of the territories it had occupied in the wake of the 1939 Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact. In particular, organizers demanded revenge for the recent Stalinist repressions and deportations. Participants claimed that the “Jewish Soviet state,” the “Jewish NKVD,” or local Jews had been responsible for those crimes. Even now, the legend of prewar Jewish responsibility figures in the dubious “double genocide” thesis animating nationalistic historiographies in Eastern Europe and its international diasporas. The following study counters that mythology, addressing the story of actual Jews in the NKVD at the end of the 1930s. It draws on the archives of the Ukrainian security services, especially records that document Stalin’s effort to divert blame for the recent Great Terror onto senior and mid-level officials. Stalin’s green light to criticize the bosses gave other NKVD officers the opportunity to address many issues, including that of antisemitism among NKVD cadres. These sources suggest that antisemitism was in fact a potent force within the NKVD in Ukraine and elsewhere.
“For the Eradication of Polish and Jewish-Muscovite Rule in Ukraine”: An Examination of the Crimes of the Ukrainian Legion of Self-Defense
Authors: Radchenko Yuri , Usach Andrii 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study examines the German-sponsored Ukrainian Legion of Self-Defense (Ukrains’kyi Legion Samooborony, ULS), both its rank and file and its Ukrainian and German officers. Drawing upon sources in German, Ukrainian, American, and Israeli archives, the authors analyze the Legion’s command structure, its relationship to the Third Reich, and its relationship to the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists branch led by Andriy Atansovich Mel’nyk. The presentation of the political and military careers of lower-, mid-, and upper-level Legionnaires reveals their participation in killings of Jews, Poles, and other Ukrainians. The authors also identify the motivations of many of the actors. A close analysis of one case of German and Ukrainian “cooperation” in the Holocaust and other mass murders, this article relates to the debate over whether Holocaust perpetrators were “Ordinary Men.”
Operation Reinhard in District Galicia: Three Levels of Narrative about the Holocaust
Authors: Wylegała Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Utilizing a variety of evidentiary sources, this article identifies and applies three different levels of narrative of the history of Operation Reinhard in the District of Galicia, revealing the potential benefits and limitations to each approach. Level one applies a macro-historical narrative that looks to broader statistical and data-driven trends. The second level identifies common shared experiences and general conclusions derived from individual experiences, and level three explores the microhistories of particular towns, families, and individuals. The author suggests a better way to comprehend the range of victim, bystander, and perpetrator experiences, and to more fully depict the scope of a major genocidal operation.
Cayley Graphs Without a Bounded Eigenbasis
Authors: Sah Ashwin , Sawhney Mehtaab , Zhao Yufei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Does every $n$-vertex Cayley graph have an orthonormal eigenbasis all of whose coordinates are $O(1/\sqrt{n})$? While the answer is yes for abelian groups, we show that it is no in general. On the other hand, we show that every $n$-vertex Cayley graph (and more generally, vertex-transitive graph) has an orthonormal basis whose coordinates are all $O(\sqrt{\log n / n})$, and that this bound is nearly best possible. Our investigation is motivated by a question of Assaf Naor, who proved that random abelian Cayley graphs are small-set expanders, extending a classic result of Alon–Roichman. His proof relies on the existence of a bounded eigenbasis for abelian Cayley graphs, which we now know cannot hold for general groups. On the other hand, we navigate around this obstruction and extend Naor’s result to nonabelian groups.
Bounds for Elimination of Unknowns in Systems of Differential-Algebraic Equations
Authors: Ovchinnikov Alexey , Pogudin Gleb , Vo Thieu N 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Elimination of unknowns in systems of equations, starting with Gaussian elimination, is a problem of general interest. The problem of finding an a priori upper bound for the number of differentiations in elimination of unknowns in a system of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) is an important challenge, going back to Ritt (1932). The first characterization of this via an asymptotic analysis is due to Grigoriev’s result (1989) on quantifier elimination in differential fields, but the challenge still remained. In this paper, we present a new bound, which is a major improvement over the previously known results. We also present a new lower bound, which shows asymptotic tightness of our upper bound in low dimensions, which are frequently occurring in applications. Finally, we discuss applications of our results to designing new algorithms for elimination of unknowns in systems of DAEs.
Risk factors associated with medication ordering errors
Authors: Abraham Joanna , Galanter William L , Touchette Daniel , Xia Yinglin , Holzer Katherine J , Leung Vania , Kannampallil Thomas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
We utilized a computerized order entry system–integrated function referred to as “void” to identify erroneous orders (ie, a “void” order). Using voided orders, we aimed to (1) identify the nature and characteristics of medication ordering errors, (2) investigate the risk factors associated with medication ordering errors, and (3) explore potential strategies to mitigate these risk factors.

Materials and Methods
We collected data on voided orders using clinician interviews and surveys within 24 hours of the voided order and using chart reviews. Interviews were informed by the human factors–based SEIPS (Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety) model to characterize the work systems–based risk factors contributing to ordering errors; chart reviews were used to establish whether a voided order was a true medication ordering error and ascertain its impact on patient safety.

Results
During the 16-month study period (August 25, 2017, to December 31, 2018), 1074 medication orders were voided; 842 voided orders were true medication errors (positive predictive value = 78.3 ± 1.2%). A total of 22% (n = 190) of the medication ordering errors reached the patient, with at least a single administration, without causing patient harm. Interviews were conducted on 355 voided orders (33% response). Errors were not uniquely associated with a single risk factor, but the causal contributors of medication ordering errors were multifactorial, arising from a combination of technological-, cognitive-, environmental-, social-, and organizational-level factors.

Conclusions
The void function offers a practical, standardized method to create a rich database of medication ordering errors. We highlight implications for utilizing the void function for future research, practice and learning opportunities.