bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular vesicles from plasma have higher tumour RNA fraction than platelets
Authors: Brinkman Kay , Meyer Lisa , Bickel Anne , Enderle Daniel , Berking Carola , Skog Johan , Noerholm Mikkel 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIn addition to Circulating Tumour Cells (CTCs), cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) and Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), the notion of “Tumour‐Educated Platelets” (TEP) has recently emerged as a potential source of tumour‐derived biomarkers accessible through blood liquid biopsies. Here we sought to confirm the suitability of the platelet blood fraction for biomarker detection in comparison to their corresponding EV fraction. As publications have claimed that tumour RNA and other tumour‐derived material are transferred from tumour cells to the platelets and that tumour‐derived transcripts can be detected in platelets, we chose to focus on RNA carrying a mutation as being of bona fide tumour origin. After informed consent, we collected prospective blood samples from a cohort of 12 melanoma patients with tissue‐confirmed BRAF V600E mutation. Each blood specimen was processed immediately post collection applying two published standard protocols in parallel selecting for EVs and platelets, respectively. The RNA of each fraction was analysed by a highly sensitive ARMS RT‐qPCR enabling the quantification of the mutant allele fraction (%MAF) of BRAF V600E down to 0.01%. In a direct comparative analysis, the EV fraction contained detectable BRAF V600E in 10 out of 12 patients, whereas none of the patient platelet fractions resulted in a mutant allele signal. The platelet fraction of all 12 patients contained high amounts of wild‐type BRAF signal, but no mutation signal above background was detectable in any of the samples. Our observations suggest that the phenomenon of tumour RNA transfer to platelets occurs below detection limit since even a very sensitive qPCR assay did not allow for a reliable detection of BRAF V600E in the platelet fraction. In contrast, EV fractions derived from the same patients allowed for detection of BRAF V600E in 10 of 12 blood specimens.
f90wrap: an automated tool for constructing deep Python interfaces to modern Fortran codes
Authors: Kermode James R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

f90wrap is a tool to automatically generate Python extension modules which interface to Fortran libraries that makes use of derived types. It builds on the capabilities of the popular f2py utility by generating a simpler Fortran 90 interface to the original Fortran code which is then suitable for wrapping with f2py, together with a higher-level Pythonic wrapper that makes the existance of an additional layer transparent to the final user. f90wrap has been used to wrap a number of large software packages of relevance to the condensed matter physics community, including the QUIP molecular dynamics code and the CASTEP density functional theory code.
Biologically inspired swimming robotic frog based on pneumatic soft actuators
Authors: Jizhuang Fan , Qilong Du , Qingguo Yu , Yi Wang , Jiaming Qi , Yanhe Zhu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Research on soft robots and swimming robots has been widely reported and demonstrated. However, none of these soft swimming robots can swim flexibly and efficiently using legs, just like a frog. This paper demonstrates a self-contained, untethered swimming robotic frog actuated by 12 pneumatic soft actuators, which can swim in the water for dozens of minutes by mimicking the paddling gait of the natural frog. We designed two kinds of pneumatic soft actuators as the joints on the robotic frog’s legs, which allows the legs to be lighter and more compact. It is found that such soft actuators have great potential in developing amphibious bionic robots, because they are fast-responding, inherently watertight and simple in structural design. The kinematic analysis in swimming locomotion was conducted for the prototype robotic frog, and the locomotion trajectory of each leg was planned based on the analysis of the paddling gait of frogs. Combined with the deformation model of the soft actuators, the robotic frog’s legs are controlled by coordinating the air pressure of each joint actuator. The robotic frog’s body is compact and the total mass is 1.29 kg. Different paddling gaits were tested to investigate swimming performance. The results show that the robotic frog has agile swimming ability and high environmental adaptability. The robotic frog can swim forward more than 0.6 m (3.4 times the body length) in one paddling gait cycle(6 s), whose average swimming velocity is about 0.1 m s−1, and the minimum turning radius is about 0.15 m (less than 1 body length).
International trade and the stability of food supplies in the Global South
Authors: Bren d’Amour Christopher , Anderson Weston 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Many countries in the Global South depend increasingly on imports to provide food for their rising populations. Trade is a key mechanism to address distributional issues, especially in countries with limited biophysical resources. In theory, by pooling the risk of crop failures via global trade, trade should stabilize food supplies. In practice, however, an over-reliance on imported food may be detrimental to domestic food stability. Here, we disentangle the role of imports from that of domestic production in countries in the Global South for three staple crops: maize, rice, and wheat. First, we use FAO data to differentiate between exposure to production variance in exporting countries, domestic production variance, and total supply variance. Next, we analyze trade relationships and assess the biophysical capacities of countries to investigate why some countries have more unstable supplies than others. We find that food imports have been a source of food supply instability—in particular for maize in Southern Africa, wheat in Central Asia, and rice more generally. But the reason that imports lead to instability is not the same across regions or crops and imports are at times necessary due to limited available water and land resources. Furthermore, the source of imports may be important in the case of co-occurring crop failures in both importing and exporting countries, or exporters with high export variance. Finally, we find that the increasing prevalence of global trade from 1985–2010 has increased exposure to food supply variance in some regions, although it has not increased exposure to supply variance in all regions. These results provide guidance for future analyses to focus on regions that are vulnerable to imported food supply disruptions of important staple crops, and inform debates about the risks associated with food trade in the Global South.
Role of the mean state for the Southern Hemispheric jet stream response to CO2 forcing in CMIP6 models
Authors: Curtis Paul Edwin , Ceppi Paulo , Zappa Giuseppe 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Global climate models indicate that the Southern Hemispheric (SH) jet stream shifts poleward in response to CO2 forcing, but the magnitude of this shift remains highly uncertain. Here we analyse the SH jet stream response to 4×CO2 forcing in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) simulations, and find a substantially muted jet shift during winter compared with CMIP5. We suggest this muted response results from a more poleward mean jet position, consistent with a strongly reduced bias in jet position relative to the reanalysis during 1980–2004. The improved mean jet position cannot be explained by changes in the simulated sea surface temperatures. Instead, we find indications that increased horizontal grid resolution in CMIP6 relative to CMIP5 has contributed to the higher mean jet latitude, and thus to the reduced jet shift under CO2 forcing. These results imply that CMIP6 models can provide more realistic projections of SH climate change.
More frequent summer heat waves in southwestern China linked to the recent declining of Arctic sea ice
Authors: Deng Kaiqiang , Jiang Xingwen , Hu Chundi , Chen Deliang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Southwestern China (SWC) has suffered from increasing frequency of heat wave (HW) in recent summers. While the local drought-HW connection is one obvious mechanism for this change, remote controls remain to be explored. Based on ERA-5 reanalysis, it is found that the SWC summer HWs are significantly correlated with sea-ice losses in the Barents Sea, Kara Sea and the Arctic pole. The reduction of Arctic sea ice can cause low pressure anomalies over the polar region due to increased heat-flux exchanges at the sea-air interface, which subsequently triggers southeastward Rossby wave trains propagating from northern Europe to East Asia that induce anomalous anticyclone over SWC. As a result, the North Pacific subtropical high extends westward, accompanied by divergent winds, decreased cloud cover and increased insolation in SWC, which leads to above-normal air temperatures there. In addition, the East Asian westerly jet stream is shifted northward, which enhances (reduces) the moisture convergence in North China (SWC), resulting in prominently drier soil in SWC. Therefore, the sea ice—forced changes in atmospheric circulation and surface conditions favor the occurrences of SWC summer HWs.
Research on Calculating Formula of Self-Weight of Column-Supported Space Truss
Authors: Xu Bin , Wang Yong , Zhu Yijing , Huang Hao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of steel structure engineering in China, grid structure has been widely used. For the self-weight of space truss, the current regulations give the corresponding calculation formula, but in practical engineering applications, it is found that the calculation formula for column-supported space truss has poor adaptability. Therefore, in this paper, the adaptability of the formula is analyzed according to the current self-weight calculation formula for cylindrical point supported space truss, and the self-weight estimation of the space truss is revised on the basis of statistics and regression analysis. The formula modification can improve the applicability of the grid estimation formula, and also provide some reference for the revision of relevant codes and regulations.
Fault Feature Vector Extraction Based on Edge Spectrum
Authors: Sheng Pei , Li Taoer , Xu Aiqiang , Li Heng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A new method of feature vector extraction is proposed. Firstly, the measured signal is decomposed by using the EMD, LMD, and improved methods to obtain some signal components of physical significance. Secondly, combined with the HHT theory, the boundary spectrum and boundary spectral energy are defined and used to find the feature vector. Finally, the fault mode is identified by BP neural network. The fault diagnosis of a certain line of analog circuit show that, this method can accurately identify the circuit degradation state without noise. Furthermore, the performance of each algorithm in the presence of noise is investigated by using the correlation number method. Two kinds of circuit states have been successfully classified, and the reason why there are many stray points in the classification result has been explained.
Analysis on Elastic Buckling of Thin Plate with Slotted Hole in Bending
Authors: Guo Yanli 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Finite element was used to establish the calculation model of the thin plate with slotted holes in bending, the effect of the size, position, and space of the slotted hole on elastic buckling performance and buckling stability coefficient were analyzed. The results show that the influence of the hole size on the buckling of the bending plate increases. There is a safe distance between the holes. The position of the hole has obvious influence on the buckling of the thin plate in bending. Finally, according to the regression results of finite element analysis, the calculation formula of stability factor k for thin plate with slotted hole in bending is proposed.
Overall Buckling Performance of Cold-Formed Steel Axial Compression Lipped Channel Members with Circle Holes
Authors: Guo Yanli 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The relationship between the stability coefficient φ and slenderness

λ
¯

for axial compression perforated members was studied using finite element software ABAQUS in this paper. The overall buckling of members with unperforated, circular and multi-circular holes was described. The influence on the members of hole position, hole size, hole spacing and plate size was analysis. According to the main parameters affecting the overall buckling of the perforated members, results show that φ will decrease with the increase of hole size. for multi-circular holes members, the smaller the hole spacing is, the more likely φ will be affected. When the hole spacing is wide enough, φ will become stable.
Deformation Monitoring on Jiaozhou Bay Cross-Sea Bridge Based on the Digital LVR Photogrammetric Model
Authors: Zhao Yongqian , Yu Chengxin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Being lack of the real-time dynamic deformation monitoring methods for the large span bridge recently, the paper makes application of the digital long visual range (shorted as: LVR) photogrammetric model with the uniform proportional pseudo-parallax algorithm in the bridge creatively. Under the normal operating conditions of the bridge, the instantaneous real-time dynamic deformation monitoring is conducted with sea level range exceed more than 2 kilometres and the single hole maximum span 600 meters. The experiment can obtain the instantaneous deformation information of multiple deformation monitoring points, describe the load-deformation curve timely, and can obtain the ideal accuracy measurement results. The results provide a theoretical and practical basis for the health deformation monitoring on the similar large bridges, then achieve the abnormal deformation parts of the bridge in time and make the warning.
Study on the Structure Optimization of h-Type Anti-Slide Pile
Authors: You Chen , Xing Haofeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Compared with the traditional anti-slide pile, the h-type anti-slide pile has larger overall lateral stiffness, more reasonable structure stress, and can resist the greater landslide thrust. However, due to the short development history, there are relatively few studies on h-type anti-slide pile, and its structural design is not perfect. Numerical software Flac3d was used to optimize the structural parameters of h-type anti-slide pile, and the results showed that the optimal beam stiffness was 3 times of the front and rear piles, the optimal rear pile depth was 0.28 times of the length of the rear pile, and the front pile depth was 0.5 times of the length of the front pile.
Research on Corrosion and Defects of Hydraulic Metal Structures
Authors: Niu Limin , Yan Jing , Gao Dashui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The environmental conditions of hydraulic metal structures are complex. Analysis of the causes of corrosion and defects of hydraulic metal structures shows that the causes of corrosion and defects of metal structures mainly include corrosion, cavitation and erosion and erosion wear. According to the specific causes, the schemes and measures to prevent the corrosion and defects of metal structures are introduced; the existing methods for repairing underwater metal structures including blocking gate method, side caisson cofferdam method and steel cofferdam method are introduced; meanwhile, the methods of. The feasibility of deep-water metal structure underwater robot repair technology.
Comprehensive Control Method for Engineering Project Objectives Based on Basic Component Concept
Authors: Ding Rong , Zhou Bo , Qian Yongyuan , Han Jinglin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to carry out comprehensive control of engineering projects reasonably and effectively, based on basic component concepts a comprehensive control model of engineering project objectives is proposed. Each basic component is used as a unit to grasp the information on quality, cost, schedule and safety of each basic component. Based on the target comprehensive control model, the target values of the basic components of the project construction management are calculated and analyzed, which simplifies the current comprehensive control system and improves the efficiency and rationality of the integrated control.
Research on Construction Servitization Enterprises Based on AD-AS model and AHP Theory
Authors: Chen Jingjing , Qu Yan , He Menglin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In response to the call of the state to support the transformation and upgrading of traditional enterprises, major real estate enterprises have changed from simple suppliers of construction products to “products + services” suppliers. Construction servitization activities tend to be standardized, specialized and large-scale. This paper used probability theory to explain the inevitability and stability of construction servitization enterprises, recommended the influencing factors of construction servitization enterprises in construction industry through model, and put forward directional suggestions for the future development of construction servitization enterprises.
Safety Investment Analysis of Construction Enterprises Based on System Dynamics
Authors: Yu Zhihong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Combining the existing safety input data and characteristics, this paper uses the dynamic change method to solve the safety input problem. The origin, flow and characteristics of safety investment are analyzed, the skills of system dynamics modelling and the simulation modeling software Vensim are used to build the model, including models of safety precaution, safety control and accident risk transfer etc. Through simulation modeling, the configuration effects under different configuration schemes in an enterprise are completely decomposed. The results show that the effects of different configuration schemes on accident frequency, loss value and total accidents counts be obtained by applying the model built, which has great positive significance and practical value for dynamic safety investment.
Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation on Residual Welding Stress Relaxation
Authors: Wang Min , Qu Weilian , Wang Yifei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the welding residual stress and the relaxation under static load are discussed by experimental research and numerical simulation. In order to understand relaxation of welding residual stresses caused by external static and dynamic loads, tests investigating relaxation of welding residual stresses caused by external static and dynamic loads in the Q345 plate welded specimens were carried out. The thermal-structural sequential coupling method was used to simulate the residual stresses of welded specimens. Based on the elastic-plastic finite element method, the relaxation behavior of welded specimens under static and cyclic loads was simulated respectively. The test of the residual stress relaxation by welding shows that the relaxation of the welding residual stress is caused when the external load is applied to the welded specimen in static and dynamic form. The residual stress relaxation condition is that the welding residual stress and the external load cause the stress to superimpose more than the material yield strength. Under the action of equal amplitude cyclic stress, the relaxation of welding residual stress occurs mainly at the end of the first stress cycle.
Prediction Analysis for Building Deformation Based on Multiple Linear Regression Model
Authors: Zhang Bo , Qiu Lijun , Zhou Zhanxue 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The settlement deformation of high-rise buildings is related to many factors, which are mainly about floor load and time. Based on the measured data of building settlement deformation in 16 periods, in this paper, the number of floors and accumulated settlement time are selected as the independent variables, and the accumulated settlement is used as the dependent variable. The data in the previous 11 periods are used as the modeling sequence to establish a multiple linear regression model and predict the deformation in the last 5 periods. The results show that if there is no fluctuation in the original sequence, the fitting and prediction results are good and meet the actual engineering requirements. It is of practical value and significance for the prediction of building deformation.
Application of CSM Waterproof Curtain in Foundation Pit Engineering of Deep Saturated Sand Layer
Authors: Li Xuejun , Zeng Kaihua , Bai Dezhu , Chen Fangliang , Ju Haiyan , Xu Manqing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The deep foundation pit enginerring of Suning Square project in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province adopts SC50 type CSM cement mixing pile machine construction equal thick soil cement mixing wall as the anti-seepage reinforcement curtain. In order to verify the applicability of the CSM method in the deep saturated sand layer in Nanchang area, three non position test wall tests were carried out on site. The test results show that the strength, permeability and impact on the surrounding environment meet the design requirements and achieve the expected prevention. The effect of seepage reinforcement indicates that the CSM construction technology and construction parameters used in the field test are effective and applicable, and can be used as the anti-seepage reinforcement measures for the deep foundation pit engineering, and provide scientific basis and reference for the promotion and application of similar projects.
The calculation of the dynamic problem for the thin plate by method of convolution-type point collocation
Authors: Li Yongli , Zhao Zhigang , Yang Hua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Dynamic question of elastic body for plate is very important and dynamic analysis is very difficult to solute. The method of convolution-type point collocation is proposed to calculate the thin plate. And this method is applied to solve dynamic problems of thin plate with four sides simply-supported. From the conclusions of the calculation example it is shown this method is effective and has high accuracy.
As in the Western Architecture, Trapped in Western Architecture - Thinking about the Present Situation of Young Architects
Authors: Chen Changyong , Dai Mingqi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper studies the domestic present situation of young architects, summarizes the characteristics of them, the miniaturization, individuality, independence and pioneering, branded and so on, and points out its advantages and disadvantages. This paper argues that young architects reference of the western architectural shape and ideas, to promote the development of domestic architecture, but trapped in the western architectural theory system, lack of original local architectural theory. This paper further puts forward some Suggestions for young architects.
Theoretical Study on the Mechanics of a Coiled Tubing Working within a Marine Riser
Authors: Chen Yingchun , Wang Chang , Wang Xinhua , Fan Xiaoli , Wang Wenming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Due to its unique advantages, coiled tubing is now widely used in marine oil and gas exploitation operations, while the mechanical behavior of coiled tubing working within a marine riser is still unknown. The mechanical model of this special pipe-in-pipe system was built by analyzing the force of coiled tubing and marine riser, using quasi-static method. And the model was verified by experimental study. Based on the established model, the effects of different coiled tubing dimensions and platform transversal on the axial force of coiled tubing within a marine riser were analyzed. It was found that increasing the size of the coiled tubing can improve the axial load of the coiled tubing without affecting the force of the riser. While changing the platform transversal would have less impact on the coiled tubing, and a greater impact on the riser’s force. The mechanical model built can provide theoretical guidance on coiled tubing marine operations.