bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of shading model and opacity on depth perception in optical see‐through augmented reality
Authors: Ping Jiamin , Thomas Bruce H. , Baumeister James , Guo Jie , Weng Dongdong , Liu Yue 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) technologies create an immersive environment by augmenting the real world with rendered virtual objects. One of the key requirements of an AR system is to understand how users perceive the depth of an AR object. Perceived distances to AR objects can be based on various depth cues such as rendering method used for the virtual object. The existing researches on the shading model and opacity mainly focus on the shape perception or the position relationship of several virtual objects in the virtual environment. We predicted that shading models and opacity would impact a user's estimation of a virtual object's depth in AR. We conducted two experiments to investigate the impact of color, size (Experiment 1), shading model, and opacity (Experiment 2) on the depth perception in an optical see‐through head‐mounted display (HMD). We found that the virtual object's color and size impact estimation efficacy. An interaction effect between color and size was also found. The results showed that shading models with specular highlights could help to improve depth perception in AR. Additionally, users had the lowest matching error when the opacity of a virtual object was 0.8.
RETRACTED: Evaluation of a six‐dye multiplex composed of 27 markers for forensic analysis and databasing
Authors: Wang Shuangshuang , Song Feng , Xie Mingkun , Zhang Ke , Xie Bowen , Huang Zhanglong , Luo Haibo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundShort tandem repeat (STR) markers play a significant role in genetic applications and have proved to be effective for the personal identification in forensic medicine. In this study, a six‐dye multiplex composed of 23 autosomal STR loci (TH01, D3S1358, Penta D, D6S1043, D21S11, TPOX, D1S1656, D12S391, Penta E, D10S1248, D22S1045, D19S433, D8S1179, D2S1338, D2S441, D18S51, vWA, FGA, D16S539, CSF1PO, D13S317, D5S818, D7S820), one Y chromosome STR (DYS391), two internal quality control markers (Quality Sensor QS1 and QS2), and Amelogenin was evaluated.MethodsEvaluation studies, including PCR‐based studies, sensitivity studies, species specificity studies, stability studies, DNA mixture studies, concordance studies, and precision evaluations were performed according to the guidelines of “Validation Guidelines for Forensic DNA Analysis Methods (2016)” by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). In addition, the forensic characteristics of 357 unrelated male samples from Han and Hui populations in China were investigated using 27 markers.ResultsFull STR profiles were obtained from different reaction volumes (5 ~ 25 μl), cycle numbers (28 ~ 34 cycles) and annealing temperatures (58 ~ 62°C). All STR profiles were obtained at humic acid concentration of up to 200 ng/μl and hematin concentration of up to 500 μM. No peaks were observed in most common animal samples except two innovative internal PCR controls (Quality Sensor QS1 and QS2). The six‐dye multiplex showed a notably high value for the combined probability of exclusion (CPE), exhibiting values of with 0.99999999977688 in the Han population and 0.999999999583875 in the Hui population. The values of combined probability of discrimination (CPD) were 0.999999999999999999999999999997453 in the Han population and 0. 999999999999999999999999999994398 in the Hui population. In addition, concordance studies showed that there was no difference with the AGCU Express Marker 22 Kit.ConclusionThe results indicated that the Investigator® 26plex QS Kit is a robust, reliable, and suitable tool for forensic analysis and databasing.
Lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) for treatment of secondary breast lymphedema: A case report and literature review
Authors: Scaglioni Mario F. , Meroni Matteo , Fritsche Elmar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBreast lymphedema (BLE) is a rather common complication occurring after surgical breast cancer treatment. Microsurgical lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) is a validated technique for the management of lymphedema in the extremities and it is gaining approval also for the breast one. Here, we report a case of breast lymphedema successfully treated with LVA. A 52 years old woman referred chronic erythema, diffuse swelling and pain after breast surgery, axillary lymphnode dissection and adjuvant radiotherapy. Conservative treatments had been performed for 14 months without improvement of symptoms. The patient was then referred for surgery and multiple LVAs were performed at the right breast. A total of 3 LVAs have been performed, two lymphatic vessels were anastomosed to a single Y‐shaped vein and one additional vessel was linked to another nearby vein of similar caliber. All the LVAs were executed using 12–0 microsutures and their patency was confirmed with intraoperative ICG lymphography. Immediately after this intervention the swelling decreased in size and the erythema disappeared and a sensation of relief was reported by the patient. The postoperative course was uneventful and at the 6 and 12 months follow up no signs and symptoms of recurrence were noted. Therefore, we believe that this case adds another significant evidence of the efficacy of LVA for treatment of secondary BLE refractory to conservative treatment. Moreover, we provide a literature review of previous reports of breast lymphedema treated recurring to this procedure.
Tailored piezoelectric performance of self‐polarized PVDF‐ZnO composites by optimization of aspect ratio of ZnO nanorods
Authors: Pratihar Shewli , Medda Samar Kumar , Sen Shrabanee , Devi P. Sujatha 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAspect ratio of filler plays a crucial role to study the electrical properties of polymer based composite system. Here, we investigated the effect of filler aspect ratio on the electrical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) incorporated poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) matrix. ZnO nanorods having different aspect ratio were synthesized by the hydrothermal technique with varying reaction time 4 to 20 hours at a fixed temperature and PVDF based nanocomposites of the respective ZnO nanorods with different wt% filler loading were fabricated. Interestingly polar‐phase fraction increased with the aspect ratio of ZnO nanorods. The nanocomposites with higher aspect ratio ZnO nanorods showed an increased energy density under same electric field and exhibited maximum open circuit AC output voltage (ie, 20 V) after the application of repeated human finger tapping. This result indicates that high aspect ratio ceramic filler provides an effective approach to enhance the dielectric, ferroelectric, energy storage, and energy harvesting performances of ceramic‐polymer nanocomposites.
Cell‐free DNA screening in twin pregnancies: A more accurate and reliable screening tool
Authors: Chibuk Jason , Rafalko Jill , Boomer Theresa , McCullough Ron , McLennan Graham , Wyatt Philip , Almasri Eyad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveOutcome data from cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) screening in twin gestations are limited. This study adds an appreciable number of confirmed outcomes to the literature, and assesses performance of cfDNA screening in twins over a 4.5‐year period at one large clinical laboratory.MethodPrenatal cytogenetic and SNP microarray results were cross‐referenced with cfDNA results for twin pregnancies, yielding 422 matched cases. Using diagnostic results as truth, performance of cfDNA screening in this population was assessed.ResultsOf the 422 twin pregnancies with both cfDNA and diagnostic results, 3 specimens failed amniocyte analysis, and 48 samples (11.5%) were nonreportable from the initial cfDNA draw. Analysis of the 371 reportable samples demonstrated a collective sensitivity of 98.7% and specificity of 93.2% for trisomies 21/18/13. Positive predictive values (PPVs) in this study population, which is enriched for aneuploidy, were 78.7%, 84.6%, and 66.7% for trisomy 21, 18, and 13, respectively.ConclusionCfDNA screening in a cohort of twin pregnancies with matched diagnostic results showed superior performance compared to traditional serum biochemical screening in twins. This study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that cfDNA is an accurate and reliable screening tool for the major trisomies in twin pregnancies.
Impact of Incremental Delays in Appropriate Therapy on the Outcomes of Hospitalized Adult Patients with Gram‐negative Bloodstream Infections: “Every day matters”
Authors: Lodise Thomas P. , Kanakamedala Hemanth , Hsu Wei‐Chun , Cai Bin 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundSerious bloodstream infections (BSIs) are often caused by Gram‐negative (GN) bacteria in hospitalized patients. Treatment of these infections has been further complicated by the continued rise and spread of drug‐resistant pathogens, including carbapenem resistant (CR) strains of Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.MethodsThis retrospective cohort analysis used real‐world data from a large United States hospital‐based database to examine the association between key clinical outcomes and different lengths of time to appropriate treatment between October 2010 and September 2015.ResultsOf 40,549 patients with GN‐BSIs who were identified, 1117 (2.8%) had a CR GN‐BSI. Overall, outcomes of hospitalized adult patients with GN‐BSIs incrementally worsened the longer appropriate therapy was delayed. Patients with CR GN‐BSIs had a median infection‐associated length of stay (LOS) of 8, 9, 10, and 13 days, whereas patients with CS GN‐BSIs had a median infection‐associated LOS of 6, 7, 8, and 11 days for patients with days to appropriate therapy of 0, 1–2, 3–4, and ≥ 5 days, respectively. Among patients with CR GN‐BSIs, the percentage of patients discharged home was 38%, 33%, 35%, and 31%, whereas in patients with CS GN‐BSIs, the percentage of patients discharged home was 58%, 53%, 48%, and 43% for patients with days to appropriate therapy of 0, 1–2, 3–4, and ≥ 5 days, respectively.ConclusionThe findings from this study highlight the clear need to deliver appropriate therapy more expeditiously in patients with CS and CR GN‐BSIs.
Isoform 1 of Fibrinogen Alpha Chain Precursor is a Potential Biomarker for Steroid‐Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Liu Liying , Song Jidong , Li Jun , Huang Na , Yang Juan , Hu Shugang , Ma Rui , Wang Wei 
Published: July 2020

PurposeEarly diagnosis is crucial to increase the chances of conservation treatment for patients with steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SIONFH). This study aimed to identify serum peptides as potential biomarkers to diagnose SIONFH.Experimental DesignThe serum proteome of 32 SIONFH patients and 24 healthy controls are analyzed using magnetic bead‐based weak cation exchange (MB‐WCX) and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS). Next, candidate biomarkers are identified using liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS). Candidate biomarkers are then validated using ELISA and western blotting.Results39 peaks are identified and the expression fold changes of seven peaks in the two groups are greater than 1.5. Three peaks (m/z: 1077.84 Da; m/z: 1061.78 Da; m/z: 1099.56 Da) tend to be upregulated, while four peaks (m/z: 3973.92 Da; m/z: 7766.53 Da; m/z: 3957.31 Da; m/z: 4212.02 Da) tend to be down‐regulated in SIONFH patients. The peak for a 1077.84 Da peptide is identified as Isoform 1 of the Fibrinogen alpha chain precursor (FGA). ELISAs and western blot analyses reveal that the expression of FGA is significantly higher in SIONFH patients than healthy controls.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceFGA is overexpressed in SIONFH patients, and thus, is a novel potential biomarker for SIONFH.
Host preference, acaricides effects and population growth of Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) on white and colored cotton cultivars
Authors: de Santana Mauricéa Fidelis , de Oliveira José Vargas , Breda Mariana Oliveira , e Silva Barbosa Douglas Rafael , Filho Alberto Belo Esteves , de Oliveira Cynara Moura 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDWhite and colored fiber cotton cultivars have been developed to increase production and opportunities for family farming. The broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) is an important pest in cotton crops, nevertheless, different cotton cultivars may influence its host selection and population growth. For P. latus control, acaricides application is commonly performed, although less is known about the sublethal effects of these products. Thus, the host preference and instantaneous rate of increase (ri) of P. latus were evaluated on white and colored cotton cultivars, as well as the lethal and sublethal effects of acaricides through mortality tests and population growth.RESULTSIn free‐choice tests to evaluate host preference among white and colored cotton cultivars, no preference was observed for P. latus. The instantaneous ri values were positive for all tested cultivars, however, differences were observed between the colored BRS Rubi and the white BRS 201. The population growth of P. latus decreased with increasing concentrations of the acaricides abamectin, spirodiclofen, azadirachtin and spiromesifen. Nevertheless, azadirachtin and spiromesifen presented positive ri values even at the highest lethal concentrations (LC90), while abamectin and spirodiclofen provided negative ri values of P. latus from LC90 and LC70, respectively.CONCLUSIONNo host preference of P. latus was observed among white and colored cotton cultivar. Abamectin and spirodiclofen presented relevant sublethal effects that should be considered for the integrated management of this pest.
All‐sky microwave humidity sounder assimilation in the Korean Integrated Model forecast system
Authors: Lee Sihye , Song Hyo‐Jong , Chun Hyoung‐Wook , Kwon In‐Hyuk , Kang Jeon‐Ho , Lim Sujeong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Korean Integrated Model (KIM) and hybrid data assimilation system were extended to assimilate all‐sky radiance from microwave satellite sensors. Initially, a radiative transfer model for the TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS), called RTTOV‐SCATT (version 11.3), was implemented to assimilate the Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) 183 GHz channels over the ocean. Cloud and precipitation parameters are not directly assimilated into our system, but temperature and humidity profiles are improved in the all‐sky assimilation. In the cycled analysis and forecast experiments, an assimilation of the MHS in a cloudy region shows globally substantial benefits: the coverage of the MHS radiance data is increased by 23–28% in the all‐sky assimilation. It is demonstrated that RTTOV‐SCATT well describes the brightness temperature (TB) on selected cloudy pixels over the Tropics and the Southern Hemisphere, with potential for linking the TB innovation to the increment for the hydrometeor variable. As a result, a reduction of 1.11% in the specific humidity root‐mean‐square error occurs in the 6‐hr forecast field as compared to the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)'s Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) analysis. Even though the all‐sky MHS assimilation's impact on the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes is not remarkable, it nonetheless produces an improved humidity analysis increment for a heavy rainfall case over East Asia.
SURE estimates for high dimensional classification
Authors: Ji Zhi , Wei Yang , Li Zhouping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the present paper, we consider the high dimensional classification problem, which has become much important in many modern statistical studies and applications. We develop new classifiers based on Fisher's linear classification rule and empirical Bayes. In particular, we propose to employ the Stein's unbiased risk estimate (SURE) to estimate the sparse or non‐sparse mean difference, which could be plugged into the linear classification rules. Using simulation studies under a variety of settings, we demonstrate that our classifiers perform well especially when the features are non‐sparse. We also illustrate the use of the new proposal to classification problems in some real data examples.
Virtual reality gesture recognition based on depth information
Authors: Yu Xiaoyang , Jiang Lin , Wang Lijun 
Published: July 2020

With the rapid development of computer technology, the information revolution is constantly affecting and changing our lives. Today’s virtual reality technology is no longer just a virtual model for viewing. Experiencers are more willing to personally interact with the virtual environment in a virtual scene to increase their sense of gaming experience.Today’s virtual reality interaction methods mainly interact through the handles that come with VR helmets. Previously, some scholars have researched gesture interaction in virtual environments. They use data gloves to obtain information about hand movements. This method makes users have to wear heavy data gloves, which limits the natural movement of their hands. To overcome this shortcoming, the need for low‐cost vision‐based virtual reality gesture interaction is becoming more and more urgent.Traditional gesture recognition technologies based on artificial modeling include template‐based matching, data‐based gloves, and machine learning. As machine learning gesture classifiers, Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) [1] have been widely used. However, in the hand motion detection of ordinary cameras, the image is prone to speckles, lighting changes, and other factors, which seriously affects the performance of the classifier, making it difficult to accurately and efficiently detect the first image when the background is complex and the lighting is affected. In recent years, deep learning‐based object detection methods have achieved great breakthroughs [2]. In the past decade, many deep learning‐based dynamic gesture recognition algorithms have been introduced. In the case of changing lighting conditions, in order to improve the classification accuracy of gesture recognition [3]. Therefore, this article chooses a depth camera combined with HTC VIVE device for gesture recognition in virtual reality. First obtain the depth image of the hand through the depth camera, then label the depth image, and then learn through the deep learning network hand movement training [4], preprocess the detected human hand image, and recognize it by hand detection The position of the hand in the image is obtained, and the movement of the hand is recognized as a result of recognition.The algorithm in this paper uses the advanced deep learning network YOLOv3, and changes the network structure and multi‐scale structure based on the original network. This algorithm is compared with other deep learning algorithms for gesture recognition, and the recognition effect is better than other algorithms in the same category.
Harvesting Microalgae for Food and Energy Products
Authors: Liber Julian A. , Bryson Abigail E. , Bonito Gregory , Du Zhi‐Yan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMicroalgae are promising biological factories for diverse natural products. Microalgae tout high productivity, and their biomass has value in industrial products ranging from biofuels, feedstocks, food additives, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and as alternatives to synthetic or animal‐derived products. However, harvesting microalgae to extract bioproducts is challenging given their small size and suspension in liquid growth media. In response, technologic developments have relied upon mechanical, chemical, thermal, and biological means to dewater microalgal suspensions and further extract bioproducts. In this review, the effectiveness and considerations were evaluated for the implementation of microalgae harvesting techniques. Nonbiological methods—filtration, chemical, electrical, and magnetic nanoparticle flocculation, centrifugation, hydrothermal liquefaction, and solvent‐based extraction, as well as biological coculture‐based methods are included. Recent advances in coculture algae‐flocculation technologies that involve bacteria and fungi are summarized. These produce a variety of natural bioproducts, which show promise in fuel and food additive applications. Furthermore, this review addresses the developments of genetic tools and resources to optimize the productivity and harvesting of microalgae or to provide new bioproducts via heterologous expression. Finally, a glimpse of future biotechnologies that will converge to produce, harvest, and process microalgae using sustainable and cost‐effective methods is offered.
On the behavior in time of solutions to motion of Non-Newtonian fluids
Authors: Moscariello Gioconda , Porzio Maria Michaela 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe study the behavior on time of weak solutions to the non-stationary motion of an incompressible fluid with shear rate dependent viscosity in bounded domains when the initial velocity $${u}_0 {\in } {L}^2$$

u
0

∈

L

2

. Our estimates show the different behavior of the solution as the growth condition of the stress tensor varies. In the “dilatant” or “shear thickening” case we prove that the decay rate does not depend on $$u_0$$

u
0

, then our estimates also apply for irregular initial velocity.
Prospective assessment of two-gene urinary test with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate for men undergoing primary prostate biopsy
Authors: Busetto Gian Maria , Del Giudice Francesco , Maggi Martina , De Marco Ferdinando , Porreca Angelo , Sperduti Isabella , Magliocca Fabio Massimo , Salciccia Stefano , Chung Benjamin I. , De Berardinis Ettore , Sciarra Alessandro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of SelectMDx and its association with multiparametric magnetic resonance (mpMRI) in predicting prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) on prostate biopsies among men scheduled for initial prostate biopsy.

Methods
In this single-center prospective study, 52 men scheduled for initial prostate biopsy, based on elevated total PSA level (> 3 ng/ml) or abnormal digital rectal examination, were consecutively included. All subjects underwent SelectMDx, PSA determination and mpMRI.

Results
SelectMDx score was positive in 94.1 and 100% of PCa and csPCa, respectively, and in only 8.6% of negative cases at biopsy. The probability for a csPCa at the SelectMDx score was significantly (p = 0.002) higher in csPCa (median value 52.0%) than in all PCa (median value 30.0%). SelectMDx showed slightly lower sensitivity (94.1 versus 100.0%) but higher specificity (91.4%) than total PSA (17.1%), and the same sensitivity but higher specificity than mpMRI (80.0%) in predicting PCa at biopsy. The association of SelectMDx plus mpMRI rather than PSA density (PSAD) plus mpMRI showed higher specificity (both 91.4%) compared to the association of PSA plus mpMRI (85.7%). In terms of csPCa predictive value, SelectMDx showed higher specificity (73.3%) than PSA (13.3%) and mpMRI (64.4%); as for the association of SelectMDx plus mpMRI (75.6%) versus PSA plus mpMRI (68.9%), the association of PSAD plus mpMRI showed the highest specificity (80.0%).

Conclusion
Our results of SelectMDx can be confirmed as significant but their impact on clinical practice together with a cost-effectiveness evaluation should be investigated in a larger prospective multicenter analysis.