bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes With Osteomyelitis in Rare Sites With Sepsis as the First Diagnosis: Three Case Reports and Literature Review
Authors: Zhou Jiayan , Jiang Xiaohong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteomyelitis is an infectious bone disease. Common clinical symptoms are fever, local limb pain and redness. Anti-infective treatment is commonly used, but the efficacy varies in different patients. Sometimes surgery is needed to relieve patients' symptoms. Diabetic patients have a high risk of osteomyelitis due to long-term hyperglycemia, activated inflammatory response and immune deficiency.Patient Concerns: In our study, the three patients were men who were admitted to the hospital due to fever and pain. Two patients had upper limb pain, and the third had lumbar spine pain. All of them had blood cultures that suggested bacterial infections and increased levels of C-reactive protein.Diagnosis: Two patients in our study had osteomyelitis that was verified by magnetic resonance imaging; osteomyelitis was confirmed by postoperative histopathological examination in the third patient.Interventions: All patients received intravenous infusion of antibiotics to treat osteomyelitis. The third patient underwent debridement of the lumbar spine.Outcomes: Among the three patients, two recovered after adjustment of the antibiotic therapy, and one recovered after a surgical operation.Conclusion: Our study reports three patients with diabetes with osteomyelitis in rare sites. We should be aware that diabetes is one of the risk factors for osteomyelitis. When diabetic patients present with fever and pain, healthcare professionals should be alert to the possibility of osteomyelitis. Blood tests are helpful for clarifying the degree of inflammation, and imaging tests are helpful for locating the infection site. However, for some atypical cases, we cannot rely too much on auxiliary examinations, and we need to pay attention to the clinical symptoms and signs. Glycemic control and anti-infective therapy are common methods for the treatment of osteomyelitis, and surgical intervention should be considered if necessary to relieve local symptoms.
Microbiome dynamics during the HI-SEAS IV mission, and implications for future crewed missions beyond Earth
Authors: Mahnert Alexander , Verseux Cyprien , Schwendner Petra , Koskinen Kaisa , Kumpitsch Christina , Blohs Marcus , Wink Lisa , Brunner Daniela , Goessler Theodora , Billi Daniela , Moissl-Eichinger Christine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHuman health is closely interconnected with its microbiome. Stable microbiomes in, on and around the human body will be key for safe and successful long-term space travel. However, longitudinal dynamics of microbiomes inside confined built environments are still poorly understood. Herein we used the Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation IV (HI-SEAS IV) mission, a one year-long isolation study, to investigate microbial transfer between crew and habitat, in order to understand adverse developments which might occur in an outpost on the Moon or Mars in the future.ResultsLongitudinal profiles of the 16S rRNA gene revealed significant differences in microbial diversity and composition between samples of the built environment and its crew. While microbial profiles from individual crew members were highly dynamic, the microbiome on built environment surfaces remained more stable. Especially within the first 200 days, archaeal signatures of Methanobrevibacter were regularly transferred between crew members, but did not impact the microbiome on habitat surfaces. In contrast to a rather stable microbial diversity recovered from surfaces of the habitat, microbial diversity from the crew’s skin increased over time. Quantitative observations based on qPCR supported observations of dissimilarity between the built environment and its crew and was also used to track the propagation of antimicrobial resistances in the habitat. Together with functional and phenotypic predictions, quantitative and qualitative data both supported the observation of a delayed longitudinal homogenization between the crew and their habitat, that was mainly caused by the hygiene infrastructure.ConclusionsThe study highlights main routes of microbial transfer, interaction of its crew and origins of microbial dynamics in an isolated set-up. We identified key targets of microbial monitoring, and emphasize the need for defined baselines of microbiome diversity and abundance on surfaces and skin. Targeted manipulation to counteract adverse developments of the microbiome will be a highly important strategy to ensure safety during future space endeavors.
Mild dyserythropoiesis and b-like globin gene expression imbalance due to the loss of histone chaperone ASF1B
Authors: Papadopoulos Petros , Kafasi Athanassia , de Cuyper Iris , Barroca Vilma , Lewandowski Daniel , Kadri Zahra , Veldthuis Martijn , Berghuis Jeffrey , Gillemans Nynke , Cuesta Celina María Benavente , Grosveld Frank , Zwieten Rob van , Philipsen Sjaak , Vernet Muriel , Gutiérrez Laura , Patrinos George 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The expression of the human b-like globin genes follows a well-orchestrated developmental pattern, undergoing two essential switches, the first one during the first weeks of gestation (e to g), and the second one during the perinatal period (g to b). The g to b globin gene switching mechanism includes suppression of fetal (g-globin, HbF) and activation of adult (b-globin, HbA) globin gene transcription. In Hereditary Persistence of Fetal Hemoglobin (HPFH), the g-globin suppression mechanism is impaired leaving these individuals with unusual elevated levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in adulthood. Recently, the transcription factors KLF1 and BCL11A have been established as master regulators of the g to b globin switch. Previously a genomic variant in the KLF1 gene, identified by linkage analysis performed on twenty-seven members of a Maltese family, was found to be associated with HPFH. However, variation in the levels of HbF amongst family members, and those from other reported families carrying genetic variants in KLF1, suggest additional contributors to globin switching. ASF1B was downregulated in family members with HPFH.
Here, we investigate the role of ASF1B in g to b globin switching and erythropoiesis in vivo . Mouse-human interspecies ASF1B protein identity is 91.6%. By means of knockdown functional assays in human primary erythroid cultures and analysis of the erythroid lineage in Asf1b knockout mice, we provide evidence that ASF1B is a novel contributor to steady-state erythroid differentiation, and while its loss affects the balance of globin expression, it has no major role in hemoglobin switching.
Uncovering bioactive compounds and potential mechanisms of Jieduan-Niwan Formula against liver failure
Authors: Ma Chongyang , Zhang Qiuyun , Gao Yuan , Gao Lianyin , Wei Xiaoyi , Liang Jiajun , Yang Wenlong , Du Yuqiong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Liver failure is considered as the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic function. Our previous data showed that Jieduan-Niwan formula (JDNW) induced liver failure, while its underlying mechanism remains unknown.
Methods

In the present study, we performed a network pharmacology to analyze the bioactive ingredients and related targets. Compound and target data of JDNW formula were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP), and targets related to liver diseases were obtained from DisGeNET database. Information of protein protein interaction were retrieved from STRING database. Network construction and degree calculation were used Cytoscape software. Metascape web-server was used for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment. A microarray data series (GSE72081) was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database and analyzed using R project and Connectivity Map. Ledock was used for molecular docking.
Results

A total of 114 unduplicated active ingredients were identified after ADME screening. After construction of a target-liver disease network, 28 targets were identified for anti-liver failure effect. These targets were significantly enriched in fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, pathways in cancer, IL-17 signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, insulin resistance, toxoplasmosis, prostate cancer, microRNAs in cancer, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, Chemical carcinogenesis, VEGF signaling pathway and complement and coagulation cascades pathways. After analyzing a public microarray data of quercetin, we found biological action of some NFκB inhibitors was similar to quercetin. Molecular docking study showed that quercetin possessed a capability to bind on IKKβ and inhibited NFκB activation.
Conclusions

JDNW formula treated liver failure via multiple targets and multiple pathways, including NFκB signal. Quercetin was identified as a key bioactive ingredient of JDNW formula and its anti-liver failure effect may involve in NFκB inhibition.
The Influence of Articulatory Suppression on Reading Among Chinese Children with Developmental Dyslexia: An Eye-Movement and Case-Control Study
Authors: Li Xiuhong , Li Weidong , Liu Buyun , Zhang Jinxin , Ma Jingwen , Xie Chuanbo , Wu Jing , Jing Jin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: In Western countries, phonological processing deficit was regard as a core deficit in developmental dyslexia (DD). As Chinese is a logographic language, it’s still controversial whether and how the articulatory suppression influences reading ability and processing of Chinese children with DD. The study aimed to examine how the phonological loop influences reading ability and processing in Chinese children with DD.Methods: This study included 30 children with DD and 37 children without DD. Two types of articles (i.e., scenery prose and narrative story) and two conditions (under the conditions of articulatory-suppression and silent reading) were applied. An eye-link II High-Speed Eye Tracker was used to track a series of eye-movement parameters. The data was analyzed by the linear Mixed-Effects model. Results: Compared with children without DD, Children with DD had lower reading achievement (RA), frequency of saccades (FS) and frequency of fixations (FF), longer reading time (RT) and average fixation duration (AFD), slower reading speed (RS), shorter average saccade amplitude (ASA) and fixation distance (FD), more number of fixations (NF) and number of saccades (NS). There were significant interactions between participant group and articulatory suppression on RT and FD. We also observed interaction effects between article types and articulatory suppression on RA, AFD, ASA, and FS.Conclusion: Children DD exhibit abnormal phonological loop and eye movements while reading. The role of the articulatory suppression on reading varies with the presentation of DD and the article type.
Uniportal VATS Pleural Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Exudative Pleural Effusion: Awake or Intubated?
Authors: Gokce Mertol , Altinsoy Bulent , Piskin Ozcan , Bahadir Burak 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic efficacy and safety of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) with awake VATS (AVATS) pleural biopsy in undiagnosed exudative pleural effusions.
Methods
The diagnostic efficacy of pleural biopsy by uniportal VATS under general anesthesia or AVATS under local anesthesia and sedation performed by the same surgeon in patients with undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion between 2007 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Test sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were compared as well as age, gender, comorbidities, procedure safety, additional pleural-based interventions, duration time of operation and length of hospital stay.
Results
Of 154 patients with undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion, 113 (73.37%) underwent pleural biopsy and drainage with VATS, while 41 (26.62%) underwent AVATS pleural biopsy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 92%, 100%, 100%, and 85.71% for VATS, and 83.3%, 100%, 100%, and 78.9% for AVATS, respectively. There was no significant difference in diagnostic test performance between the groups, (p = 0.219). There was no difference in the rate of complications [15 VATS (13.3) versus 4 AVATS (9.8%), p = 0.557]. Considering additional pleural-based interventions, while pleural decortication was performed in 13 (11.5%) cases in the VATS group, no pleural decortication was performed in AVATS group, (p = 0.021). AVATS group was associated with shorter duration time of operation than VATS (22.17 + 6.57 min. versus 51.93 + 8.85 min., p < 0.001). Length of hospital stay was relatively shorter in AVATS but this was not statistically significant different (p = 0.063).
Conclusions
Uniportal AVATS and VATS have a similar diagnostic efficacy and safety profile in the evaluation of undiagnosed exudative pleural effusions. However, AVATS is associated with shorter operation time and relatively shorter hospital stay implying that AVATS may provide improved recovery time, less major complications, and thus increased patient satisfaction. VATS is easier and safer in patients with low or no pleural effusion and facilitates to perform pleural decortication in the presence of pleural thickening. Considering the general condition of the patient, the amount of pleural effusion and the experience of the operator AVATS may be a diagnostic choice in selected cases.
UBE2T is upregulated, predicts poor prognosis, and promotes cell proliferation and invasion via inhibiting autophagy in ovarian cancer
Authors: Huang Hongyan , Huang Wei , Xiao Yuzhen , Wang Lei , Zhang Tingting , Fang Xiaoling , Xia Xiaomeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Aberrant upregulation and oncogenic roles of UBE2T have been revealed in several cancers. However, the expression, clinical significance, and functions of UBE2T has not been explored in ovarian cancer (OC).Methods: In this study, the mRNA and protein expression of UBE2T in OC were detected via analyzing the online databases and immunohistochemical staining. Moreover, relations of UBE2T expression with clincopathological features and prognosis OC patients were further analyzed. Besides, the effects of UBE2T knockdown on growth, proliferation, and invasion of OC cells were investigated by CCK-8, plate clone formation, and Transwell assays. Finally, the underlying mechanism of UBE2T associated functions in OC was analyzed.Results: The results indicated that UBE2T was significantly upregulated in OC tissues. UBE2T expression was notably correlated with clinical features such as primary T stage, TNM stage in OC patients. UBE2T, acting as an independent prognostic indicator, was inversely associated with prognosis of OC patients. UBE2T knockdown remarkably suppressed the growth, proliferation, and invasion of OC cells indicating by impaired cell viability, less cell clones and invasive cells. Mechanistically, the oncogenic roles of UBE2T was exerted by inhibiting autophagy via maintaining AKT/mTOR activity in OC.Conclusion: Collectively, our findings confirm UBE2T upregulation predicts poor prognosis and promotes malignant progression via suppressing autophagy in OC, suggesting the promising values of UBE2T both in diagnosis and treatment of OC.
Safety and effectiveness of percutaneous microwave ablation using combined computed tomography and ultrasound-guided imaging in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective study
Authors: Zhao Wenpeng , Guo Jiang , Li Honglu , Cai Liang , Duan Youjia , Hou Xiaopu , Du Hongliu , Shao Xihong , Diao Zhenying , Li Changqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

We prospectively evaluated the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) using combined computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US)-guided imaging in patients with BCLC-A1-3 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) given that they have shortcomings when used alone.
Methods

We included 88 consecutive patients with single HCC who were treated with transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE). The patients were divided into 3 groups at random by using draw lots 1 week after TACE. The combination group (34 patients) received MWA under the guidance of CT and US, while the single group (CT group, 30 patients; US group, 24 patients) received MWA under the guidance of CT or US alone. Contrast-enhanced MRI or CT scans were performed in all patients 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure. The study endpoints included the treatment time, puncture time, local recurrence rate, and adverse events.
Results

The median diameter of the lesions was 3.1 (1.5–4.2) cm. The median treatment time was 38.6 (30–45) min and 36.7 (30–47) min in the combination group and US group, respectively. The median puncture number was 1.2 (1–2) times and 1.1 (1–2) times, respectively. Both were significantly less than in the CT group (45.8 min and 4.2 times). The local recurrence rate was 5.9% in the combination group, which was significantly inferior to that in the US group (16.7%). The grade C complication rate in the combination group was 5.9%, while it was 13.3% and 8.3% in the CT group and US group, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the combination group and CT group.
Conclusions

Using CT- and US-guided microwave ablation in patients with BCLC-A1-3 hepatocellular carcinoma appeared to be much better in terms of security and efficiency than the use of microwave ablation under the guidance of CT or US alone.
Analyses of the Duration times of COVID-19 Epidemic at Various Time-Points in 11 Severely Affected Countries
Authors: Chen Cao , Shi Qi , Dong Xiao-Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 200 different countries and territories and caused more than 4.5 million infected cases and 310,000 deaths worldwide. Methods We collected the daily reported infected cases in 11 mostly affected countries from governmental and professional websites, including China, South Korea, France, USA, Italy, Germany, Spain, UK, Iran, Turkey and Russia. The duration times of the epidemic from the day with more than 100 cases (>100) to the day with less than 100 cases (<100) in the individual countries were comparably analyzed based on the alterations of the numbers and ratios of the daily reported cases. Meanwhile, the daily Rt values each country were separately calculated. Results We found that the duration times of decreasing period were much longer than that of increasing period. Compared with other countries, China and South Korea showed remarkably short duration times, which was likely associated with the strictly implementation of the control measures. The Rt values of all tested countries reduced to around 1.0 on the day with the largest number of cases. Conclusion The alteration of the daily Rt value seems to be related more closely with the changes of the ratios of daily cases, rather than the absolute numbers of daily cases in one country, meanwhile the implementation of strictly tailored control measures will greatly reduce the duration of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Management of liver trauma in urban university hospitals in India: an observational multicentre cohort study
Authors: Sinha Yash , Khajanchi Monty U , Prajapati Ramlal P , Dharap Satish , Soni Kapil Dev , Kumar Vineet , Mahindrikar Santosh , Roy Nobhojit 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) contribute to 90% of injuries occurring in the world. Liver is the one of the commonest organ injured in abdominal trauma. This study aims to highlight the demographic and management profile of liver injury patients, presenting to four urban Indian university hospitals in India.
Methods
This is a retrospective registry-based study. Data of patients with liver injury either isolated or concomitant with other injuries was used using the ICD-10 code, S36.1 for liver injury. The severity of injury was graded based on the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) grading for liver injuries.
Results
A total of 368 liver injury patients were analysed. 89% were males, with road traffic injuries being the commonest mechanism. As per World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) liver injury grade, there were 126 (33.7%) grade I, 87(23.6%) grade II, 67(18.2%) grade III & 88 (24.5%) grade IV injuries. The overall mortality was 16.6%. 262 patients (71.2%) were managed non-operatively (NOM) & 106 (38.8%) were operated. 90.1% of those managed non-operatively, survived.
Conclusion
In this multi-centre cohort of liver injury patients from urban university hospitals in India, the commonest profile of patient with a was a young male, with a blunt injury to the abdomen due to a road traffic accident. Success rate of non-operative management of liver injury is comparable to other countries.
An evaluation of the implementation of a UK school-based running programme
Authors: Chalkley Anna , Routen Ash C. , Harris Jo P. , Cale Lorraine A. , Gorely Trish , Sherar Lauren B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The adoption of school-based running programmes has rapidly increased in recent years. However, there is a lack of information on how these initiatives are implemented, and how generalisable and sustainable they are. This study evaluated the implementation of a school-based running programme, Marathon Kids (MK), over 7 months. The aim was to understand the context within which MK was implemented in each of the schools and the key elements of implementation including reach, fidelity and dose.
Methods

This study used a mixed method, single group before-and-after design strengthened by multiple interim measurements. Five state-funded primary schools in Leicestershire, UK participated, with 17 teachers and 189 (81 boys (47.4%) and 90 girls (52.6%)) Year 5 pupils (aged 9–10 years) from eight classes. During the 2016/2017 academic year, data were collected via measures at multiple levels (i.e. school and individual) and at multiple time points during implementation. Follow up qualitative data were also collected during 2017/2018.
Results

Marathon Kids achieved good reach, with all pupils opting to participate at some point during the academic year. All schools implemented MK with good fidelity, although the level of implementation varied between schools and over time. The average number of MK sessions held per week ranged from 0.94–3.89 with the average distance accumulated per pupil per week ranging from 0.02 to 2.91 kilometres and boys being more likely than girls to be classed as high-level participators. Despite an initial drop off in participation over time, all schools remained engaged in the programme and continued to implement MK until the end of the school year. Contextual features (e.g., staff capacity and resources) differed between schools and influenced the quality of implementation of MK and the frequency of delivery.
Conclusions

Marathon Kids is a simple, inexpensive and versatile physical activity programme which can be implemented by schools with relative at ease. However, schools are diverse settings, with unique challenges to ongoing delivery. Thus, planned adaptations, specific to each school’s context, is likely necessary to sustain participation in the longer term.