bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Skin Conductance and Quantitative Sensory Testing on Fibromyalgia
Authors: Pickering Gisèle , Achard Alexanne , Corriger Alexandrine , Sickout‐Arondo Sophia , Macian Nicolas , Leray Vincent , Lucchini Camille , Cardot Jean‐Michel , Pereira Bruno 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAn impairment of the peripheral nervous system has been suggested in fibromyalgia (FM). Noninvasive distal electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) has been studied little so far when combined with quantitative sensory testing (QST) in patients with FM.MethodsThis study (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03347669) included 50 female patients with FM and 50 matched healthy volunteers (HVs). ESC (measured in microsiemens [µS] with Sudoscan), as well as psychological, quality of life, sleep, and social characteristics, were assessed in both groups. In a subgroup of 24 patients with FM and 24 HVs, QST of cold and warm detection and pain thresholds and diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNICs) were explored. Statistical analysis was performed for a 2‐sided type I error at 5%.ResultsBetween patients with FM and HVs, ESC values differed (71.4 ± 11.2 µS vs. 74.4 ± 10.3 µS, respectively; P = 0.003), especially on the dominant hand (P = 0.03), where more patients with FM had ESC values < 66 µS than did HVs (P = 0.046). No difference was observed on feet. In patients with FM, all collected characteristics were impaired (P < 0.001), DNICs were less functional, detection thresholds occurred later, and pain thresholds occurred earlier. No correlation was observed between ESC and DNICs or with any parameter.ConclusionThis study shows that the sudomotor function is significantly impaired in patients with FM, especially on the dominant hand. This occurs in parallel with adjustments of detection and pain thresholds in the context of deficient spinal pain modulation. ESC values combined with QST values are relevant in the context of patients with FM and need to be explored further in this nociception‐autonomic system intertwining.
Incidence of congenital thoracic malformations detected by prenatal ultrasound
Authors: Pollak Mordechai , Gur Michal , Bronshtein Moshe , Solt Ido , Masarweh Kamal , Bentur Lea 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe increased and earlier use of prenatal ultrasound has facilitated the detection of congenital thoracic malformations (CTMs). Our Pediatric Pulmonology Institute follows an increasing number of patients with CTMs. Thus, we aimed to evaluate and describe prenatal sonographic findings of CTM, and to estimate changes in detection rates of CTMs over a period of 16 years.MethodsA retrospective, cross‐section analysis of prenatal ultrasound (US) screening tests carried out in a large community‐based clinic, comparing two periods: 2001–2007 and 2007–2017.ResultsA total of 34 716 prenatal US were performed at a median gestational age of 15.4 weeks (range, 11.6–23.9) and 15.7 weeks (range, 12–33.6) in 2001–2007 and 2007–2017, respectively. In 2001–2007, 12 016 prenatal US tests detected 19 CTMs, compared to 30 CTMs in 22 700 tests in 2007–2017. Detection rates did not change (1.58/1,000 in 2001–2007 versus 1.32/1,000 in 2007–2017, P = 0.64). The most common abnormality was congenital pleural effusion (CPE) (17 cases, 34.7%), followed by congenital pulmonary airway malformation) and congenital diaphragmatic hernia; 13 cases each, 26.5%. Twenty CTMs, mainly congenital diaphragmatic hernia and CPE, were associated with other fetal lesions.ConclusionsCongenital diaphragmatic hernia and CPE tend to appear with multiple lesions and warrant further attention. The incidence rates stayed stable when comparing the last decade to previous years. Thus, the increased referral of CTM can be attributed to an increase in the number of prenatal screening studies performed, rather than a true higher incidence.
Characteristics of human parainfluenza virus type 4 infection in hospitalized children in Korea
Authors: Gu Young E. , Park Ji Y. , Lee Mi K. , Lim In S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe characteristics of human parainfluenza virus type 4 (hPIV4) infection are not thoroughly understood. We therefore clarified the characteristics of hPIV4 in Korea.MethodFrom January 2013 to December 2017, children admitted with respiratory tract infection at the Department of Pediatrics in Chung‐Ang University Hospital were enrolled in the study. Nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens were obtained from patients and tested for hPIV types by multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. We retrospectively reviewed subject medical records, focusing on epidemiological and clinical characteristics.ResultsOf the 12 423 NPA specimens, 8,406 were positive by multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for nine respiratory viruses, and 1,018 were positive for one of the four types of hPIV: 1,018 specimens led to the detection of 1,029 hPIVs; 3ss (31.3%) were positive for hPIV1, 120 (11.7%) were positive for hPIV2, 356 (34.6%) were positive for hPIV3, and 231 (22.4%) were positive for hPIV4. Of the hPIV‐positive patients, the mean age was 2.3 years (range, 0.1–12.7 years), 225 (97.4%) had no underlying disease, and 178 (77.1%) had a fever with a duration of 4.1 ± 2.3 days and a peak temperature of 39.0 ± 0.7 ℃. The most common diagnosis in hPIV4 infection was pneumonia (44.2%), followed by bronchiolitis (26.0%) and upper respiratory tract infection (24.3%). Only 2.2% of patients were diagnosed with croup. Although the most prevalent overall type of hPIV was hPIV3, hPIV4 generally caused acute respiratory tract infection in summer and early fall in an irregular annual pattern.ConclusionsHuman parainfluenza virus type 4 is an important common pathogen of respiratory tract infections in pediatric patients in Korea.
Competition at the soybean V6 stage affects root morphology and biochemical composition
Authors: Rockenbach A. P. , Rizzardi M. A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The experiment was conducted in the 2016/17 crop season in a greenhouse at Passo Fundo University, Brazil. We hypothesised that the morphological characteristics and biochemical and anatomical composition of soybean roots and shoots, when competing with weeds during different growth periods, are negatively affected, so current concepts of competition between plants should also consider changes in plant roots.

The soybean cultivar P 95R51 and horseweed (Conyza bonariensis) were used. The treatments consisted of the presence or absence of weeds during different coexistence periods of soybean with horseweed. The periods were V0–V3, V0–V6, V0–R2, V3–R6, V6–R6 and R2–R6, where V0 was the date of soybean sowing and V3, V6, R2 and R6 were phenological stages of the crop. Two fresh roots were used to examine morphological traits. Four roots were used for quantification of dry matter and secondary metabolites.

Root length was reduced by 21%, 14% and 20% when competing with a weed in the V0–V3, V0–V6 and R2–R6 coexistence periods, respectively. Total phenol content in the V0–V6 and V0–R2 periods was reduced when plants were in competition with weeds; a similar trend was found for flavonoids in the V0–V6 period.

Soybean–horseweed competition from crop emergence to the V6 stage, in general, affects shoot and root morphological traits and the biochemical composition of the soybean roots. The presence of horseweed at the V3, V6 and R2 stages does not negatively alter the traits evaluated. Root anatomical composition is not modified during all coexistence periods with horseweed.
Children's competent social‐problem solving across the preschool‐to‐school transition: Developmental changes and links with early parenting
Authors: Su Shu , Pettit Gregory S. , Lansford Jennifer E. , Dodge Kenneth A. , Bates John E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhat is the developmental course of competent social‐problem solving (CSPS) across childhood? In this study, we sought to answer this question by tracing the development of multiple components of CSPS across 4 years spanning pre‐kindergarten to early grade 3. We also examined whether early positive parenting and sociodemographic factors predicted initial level and growth in CSPS in a sample of 585 children (52% female, 26% lower socioeconomic status, and 17% ethnic minority) and their families. CSPS components (response generation, evaluation, and efficacy) were assessed the summers prior to kindergarten and grades 1, 2, and 3. Positive parenting (warmth, involvement, and guidance) was measured the summer before kindergarten. Multilevel growth models revealed significant linear increases for CSPS, and there was some evidence that these increases were modestly related to early positive parenting and sociodemographic factors. Results underscore the importance of examining CSPS within a developmental perspective.
Comparison between head‐tail‐rope assisted and unassisted recoveries in healthy horses undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgeries
Authors: Arndt Stefanie , Hopster Klaus , Sill Volker , Rohn Karl , Kästner Sabine B. R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare attempts to stand, duration, quality, and occurrence of injuries between head‐tail rope assistance and unassisted recoveries in healthy horses undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgeries.Study designRandomized, prospective, clinical trial.MethodsThree hundred one healthy horses undergoing elective surgeries were randomly assigned to recover with head‐tail rope assistance (group A) or unassisted (group U); 305 recoveries (group A, n = 154; group U, n = 151) were analyzed. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and triple drip. For each recovery, attempts to stand, duration, quality, and recovery‐associated injuries were recorded. Data were analyzed by linear regression and analysis of covariance.ResultsAnesthesia duration was similar between groups (mean ± SD, 70 ± 29 minutes). Compared with group U, group A had fewer attempts to stand (median [range], group A = 1 [1‐7] vs group U = 3 [1‐34]) and shorter duration of recovery (mean ± SD, A = 36 ± 12 minutes vs U = 41 ± 15 minutes). Recovery quality in group A (28 points [15‐70]) was better than that in group U (38 points [11‐87]). More horses had recovery‐associated injuries in group U (9 horses) compared with group A (2 horses). One horse per group was euthanized.ConclusionHead‐tail rope assistance reduced standing attempts, shortened recovery duration, improved recovery quality, and reduced recovery‐associated minor injuries after general anesthesia for elective surgery in healthy horses. Fatalities could not be prevented.Clinical significanceHead‐tail rope assistance may improve recovery in healthy horses after short‐duration elective surgeries with isoflurane and triple drip.
The utility and challenges of histopathologic evaluation in the diagnosis of nonmalignant skin ulcers
Authors: Hammer Phoebe , Latour Emile , Bohnett Mary C. , McKenzie Fatima , Korcheva Veselina B. , Mengden Stephanie , White Kevin P. , Ortega‐Loayza Alex G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHistopathologic evaluation of cutaneous ulcers is indicated when the clinical diagnosis is unclear or when ulcers have not responded to standard of care. Many nonmalignant skin ulcers lack specific histologic findings on biopsy and pose a diagnostic challenge. While the usefulness of skin biopsies to diagnose underlying malignancy in ulcerated lesions has been demonstrated in previous studies, their utility in the diagnosis of ulcers of other etiologies has not been reported. We conducted a retrospective study of 45 nonmalignant ulcer biopsies in a 3‐year period to compare the histologic diagnosis with the final diagnosis. Additionally, we assessed the diagnostic concordance among three blinded dermatopathologists when reviewing these cases. The leading histologic diagnosis from each of the three observers agreed with the final clinical diagnosis, on average, for 29.6% of the cases (average pairwise kappa = 0.15). Inflammatory ulcers had the lowest concordance between the observers and final diagnosis with an average of 26.0% of cases (average pairwise kappa = 0.06). The observers agreed with each other for 35.6% of the cases (Fleiss' kappa = 0.32). The highest agreement among observers was in the vascular/vasculopathic category (50%, Fleiss' kappa = 0.44). Our results indicate that skin biopsies alone are useful in the evaluation of nonmalignant ulcers to rule out other conditions (e.g. neoplasm) but frequently not sufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis. Additional clinicopathologic correlation is necessary in the final assessment of nonmalignant ulcers to determine the diagnosis. Future research endeavors should explore alternative approaches to more efficiently diagnose nonmalignant skin ulcers.
Infrared thermography to prognose the venous leg ulcer healing process—preliminary results of a 12‐week, prospective observational study
Authors: Cwajda‐Białasik Justyna , Mościcka Paulina , Jawień Arkadiusz , Szewczyk Maria T. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTVenous leg ulcers are complex, and their multifactorial etiology make successful treatment a difficult and long process. Nonhealing ulcers are the greatest challenge because they are resistant to standard therapies. In this study, we analyzed whether monitoring the temperature of the ulcered limb wound area could benefit the diagnosis of the wound's tendency to heal (estimating the presence of a healing or nonhealing wound) in patients with two‐sided venous leg ulcers. This prospective, 12‐week observational study included 57 adult individuals with chronic venous leg ulcers. The dynamics of wound healing was assessed by planimetry and infrared thermography every two weeks. We analyzed temperatures measured at three marked areas—the wound, the periwound skin, and the reference area. An initial wound area larger than 1 cm2 was associated with a temperature increase of 0.027 °C in the periwound skin. A 1‐cm2 decrease in the wound area was associated with a 0.04 °C decrease in the temperature difference between the periwound skin and wound. A strong positive relationship was identified for both the bacteriology variables (the presence of bacteria: temperature increase in the periwound skin of 0.4 °C, p < 0.001; the number of bacterial species in a wound, temperature increase of 0.95 °C, p < 0.001). The temperature in the reference area was significantly correlated with the failure of the superficial and perforating veins (temperature increase of 0.69 °C, p = 0.04). This study reports that the assessment of the temperature a limb may be beneficial in predicting whether an ulcer is a healing or a nonhealing ulcer. The decrease in the temperature differences between the areas referred to as healing wounds was the only beneficial prognostic marker. Other temperature differences in the periwound skin were caused by disorders, such as multibacterial wound infections and superficial venous inflammation.
Seasonality and anatomical location of human tick bites in the United Kingdom
Authors: Cull Benjamin , Pietzsch Maaike E. , Gillingham Emma L. , McGinley Liz , Medlock Jolyon M. , Hansford Kayleigh M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTick bites on humans can occur in a variety of habitats and may result in the transmission of tick‐borne pathogens, such as the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis (LB), Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. As the risk of transmission of this pathogen to the host increases with the duration of tick feeding, the recognition and removal of ticks as soon as possible following attachment is important for reducing the risk of infection. Performing a thorough body examination for ticks following potential exposure is recommended by tick awareness campaigns. Knowledge of where on the body feeding ticks are frequently found, and at which times of year peak tick exposure occurs, provides important information for public health messaging and may aid those bitten by ticks to engage more effectively with tick‐checking behaviour. This paper summarizes human tick bites in the United Kingdom (UK) during 2013–2018 reported to Public Health England's passive Tick Surveillance Scheme and further examines the anatomical location and seasonality of bites from the most commonly encountered tick and LB vector Ixodes ricinus. A total of 1,328 tick records from humans were received of which 93% were I. ricinus. Humans were most commonly bitten by I. ricinus nymphs (70% bites). Tick bites were recorded on all parts of the body, but there were significant differences in their anatomical location on adults and children. Most tick bites on adults occurred on the legs (50%), whereas on children tick bites were mostly on the head and neck (43%). Bites from I. ricinus were recorded throughout the year but were most numerous during May to August. This study adds to the body of research on the seasonality and anatomical location of human tick bites in temperate Europe and highlights the importance of data collected through passive surveillance in addition to research and epidemiological studies.
Prevalence of serum antibodies to Coxiella burnetii in Alaska Native Persons from the Pribilof Islands
Authors: Kersh Gilbert J. , Fitzpatrick Kelly , Pletnikoff Karen , Brubaker Michael , Bruce Michael , Parkinson Alan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundQ fever is a febrile illness caused by infection with the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. It is most often transmitted by inhalation of the bacteria after it is shed by infected livestock. Recent studies have found very high C. burnetii infection rates among marine mammals, but it is not known if shedding by marine mammals creates a risk of Q fever among humans. To better understand infection of humans with exposure to marine mammals, the prevalence of antibodies against C. burnetii in serum samples taken from Alaskan Native persons residing on the Pribilof Islands was evaluated. The Pribilof Islands support large populations of northern fur seals infected with C. burnetii that may increase the risk of exposure for island residents.MethodsSerum testing for IgG antibodies against C. burnetii (phase I and phase II) was performed, and demographic data were analysed utilizing banked serum specimens drawn from island residents from 1980 to 2000.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence rate was 11.6% (95% CI = 9.3%–14.4%; 72/621). This is higher than the previously reported 3.1% (95% CI = 2.1%–4.3%) seroprevalence for the U.S. population.ConclusionsThese results suggest that Alaskan Native persons may be at higher risk for exposure to C. burnetii than the general US. population, possibly due to proximity to large populations of infected marine mammals.
Distribution of Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Ixodes ricinus ticks along the coast of Norway: The western seaboard is a low‐prevalence region
Authors: Pedersen Benedikte N. , Jenkins Andrew , Paulsen Katrine M. , Okbaldet Yohannes B. , Edgar Kristin S. , Lamsal Alaka , Soleng Arnulf , Andreassen Åshild K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNeoehrlichia mikurensis is a tick‐borne pathogen widespread among ticks and rodents in Europe and Asia. A previous study on Ixodes ricinus ticks in Norway suggested that N. mikurensis was scarce or absent on the south‐west coast of Norway, but abundant elsewhere. The aim of this study was to further investigate the prevalence and distribution of N. mikurensis along the western seaboard of Norway in comparison with more eastern and northern areas. The second aim of the study was to examine seasonal variation of the bacterium in one specific location in the south‐eastern part of Norway. Questing I. ricinus were collected from 13 locations along the coast of Norway, from Brønnøysund in Nordland County to Spjærøy in Østfold County. In total, 11,113 nymphs in 1,113 pools and 718 individual adult ticks were analysed for N. mikurensis by real‐time PCR. The mean prevalence of N. mikurensis in adult ticks was 7.9% while the estimated pooled prevalence in nymphs was 3.5%. The prevalence ranged from 0% to 25.5%, with the highest prevalence in the southernmost and the northernmost locations. The pathogen was absent, or present only at low prevalence (<5%), at eight locations, all located in the west, from 58.9°N to 64.9°N. The prevalence of N. mikurensis was significantly different between counties (p < .0001). No significant seasonal variation of N. mikurensis prevalence was observed in the period May to October 2015. Our results confirm earlier findings of a low prevalence of N. mikurensis in the western seaboard of Norway.
Making geoscience fieldwork inclusive and accessible for students with disabilities
Authors: Stokes Alison , Feig Anthony D. , Atchison Christopher L. , Gilley Brett 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFieldwork is a fundamental characteristic of geoscience. However, the requirement to participate in fieldwork can present significant barriers to students with disabilities engaging with geoscience as an academic discipline and subsequently progressing on to a career as a geoscience professional. A qualitative investigation into the lived experiences of 15 students with disabilities participating in a one-day field workshop during the 2014 Geological Society of America Annual Meeting provides critical insights into the aspects of fieldwork design and delivery that contribute to an accessible and inclusive field experience. Qualitative analysis of pre- and post-fieldwork focus groups and direct observations of participants reveal that multisensory engagement, consideration for pace and timing, flexibility of access and delivery, and a focus on shared tasks are essential to effective pedagogic design. Further, fieldwork can support the social processes necessary for students with disabilities to become fully integrated into learning communities, while also promoting self-advocacy by providing an opportunity to develop and practice self-advocacy skills. Our findings show that students with sensory, cognitive, and physical disabilities can achieve full participation in field activities but also highlight the need for a change in perceptions among geoscience faculty and professionals, if students with disabilities are to be motivated to progress through the geoscience academic pipeline and achieve professional employment.
Variable normal-fault rupture behavior, northern Lost River fault zone, Idaho, USA
Authors: DuRoss Christopher B. , Bunds Michael P. , Gold Ryan D. , Briggs Richard W. , Reitman Nadine G. , Personius Stephen F. , Toké Nathan A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe 1983 Mw 6.9 Borah Peak earthquake generated ∼36 km of surface rupture along the Thousand Springs and Warm Springs sections of the Lost River fault zone (LRFZ, Idaho, USA). Although the rupture is a well-studied example of multisegment surface faulting, ambiguity remains regarding the degree to which a bedrock ridge and branch fault at the Willow Creek Hills influenced rupture progress. To explore the 1983 rupture in the context of the structural complexity, we reconstruct the spatial distribution of surface displacements for the northern 16 km of the 1983 rupture and prehistoric ruptures in the same reach of the LRFZ using 252 vertical-separation measurements made from high-resolution (5–10-cm-pixel) digital surface models. Our results suggest the 1983 Warm Springs rupture had an average vertical displacement of ∼0.3–0.4 m and released ∼6% of the seismic moment estimated for the Borah Peak earthquake and <12% of the moment accumulated on the Warm Springs section since its last prehistoric earthquake. The 1983 Warm Springs rupture is best described as the moderate-displacement continuation of primary rupture from the Thousand Springs section into and through a zone of structural complexity. Historical and prehistoric displacements show that the Willow Creek Hills have impeded some, but not all ruptures. We speculate that rupture termination or penetration is controlled by the history of LRFZ moment release, displacement, and rupture direction. Our results inform the interpretation of paleoseismic data from near zones of normal-fault structural complexity and demonstrate that these zones may modulate rather than impede rupture displacement.