bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trastornos de atracción sexual hacia animales: Clasificación diagnóstica basada en una revisión sistemática
Authors: Ferrari Mónica , Revollo Alicia , Cuellar Jésica , Manzanelli Fernanda , Valdi Ana Lía , Reyes Plazaola Paola , Díaz Videla Marcos 
Published: August 2020

Sexual attraction towards animals disorder: Diagnostic classification based on a systematic review Abstract: Sexual intercourse between humans and animals has existed since the dawn of humanity in every place and culture of the world. Nevertheless, this issue has been scarcely approached by science. Given the wide differences in behavior and preferences among people who practice sex with animals, it is necessary to establish a subtypes classification. For this purpose, a systematic review of investigations was carried out that allowed us to select 26 empirical studies. Their analysis permitted to describe the group of Sexual Attraction Towards Animals disorder, comprising four differentiated disorders: (1) zoophilic disorder, (2) bestiality disorder, (3) sexual zoosadism, and (4) sexual attraction disorder towards animals due to medical or substance-induced illness. Additionally, the diagnostic criteria for each are proposed. Implications and limitations are discussed, as well as the value of having a classification of these disorders and the need to incorporate their study in the academic field. Keywords: Bestiality; disorders; paraphilias; zoophilia; zoosadism. Resumen: Las relaciones sexuales entre humanos y animales han existido desde los albores de la humanidad en todos los lugares y culturas del mundo. Sin embargo, han sido abordadas escasamente por la ciencia. Dadas las amplias diferencias en las conductas y preferencias entre quienes practican sexo con animales, se hace necesario establecer una clasificación de subtipos. Con ese propósito, se realizó una revisión sistemática de investigaciones que arrojó 26 estudios empíricos. El análisis de estos permitió describir el grupo de Trastornos por atracción sexual hacia animales, comprendiendo cuatro trastornos diferenciados: (1) trastorno zoofílico, (2) trastorno por bestialidad, (3) zoosadismo sexual, y (4) trastorno por atracción sexual hacia los animales debido a enfermedad médica o inducido por sustancias. Adicionalmente, se propusieron criterios diagnósticos para cada uno. Se discuten las implicancias y limitaciones, el valor de contar una clasificación de estos trastornos y la necesidad de incorporar su estudio en el ámbito académico. Palabras clave: Bestialismo; parafilias; trastornos; zoofilia; zoosadismo.
Giant cell tumor stromal cells: osteoblast lineage-derived cells secrete IL-6 and IL-10 for M2 macrophages polarization
Authors: Yang Kuan , Bao Lihui , He Xiaoning , Zhao Wanmin , Fei Dongdong , Li Bei , Xue Yang , Dong Zhiwei 
Published: August 2020

Background
The giant cell tumor (GCT) is a benign tumor which consists of three types cells: mononuclear histiocytic cells (MNHCs), multinuclear giant cells (MNGCs), and GCT stromal cells (GCTSCs). Numerous studies claim that GCTSCs have mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) characters and play an important role in osteoclastogenesis; however, there are no research studies concerning macrophage polarization among GCT, which can be regarded as an ingredient for tumor aggression.

Method
We tested the effect of GCTSCs from three GCT samples which were collected from patients on proliferation, apoptosis and polarization of macrophage.

Result
In this article, we verified that GCTSCs expressed MSCs markers and had higher proliferation and relative lower differentiation abilities compared with BMMSCs. What’s more, we found a higher proportion of M2 macrophages among neoplasm. Co-culturing GCTSCs with macrophages resulted in prominent macrophage M2 polarization and increased the release of IL-6 (Interleukin-6) and IL-10 (Interleukin-10)from GCTSCs. In conclusion, GCTSCs, as originating from MSCs, can secret IL-6 and IL-10, which may play a significant role in macrophage M2 polarization.
Parameterization and Forecasting of Childhood Pneumonia Model Using Least Square Approximation, Lagrange Polynomial and Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Ngari Cyrus Gitonga , Kitavi Dominic Makaa 
Published: August 2020

Despite a study by [1] proposing a simple model of under five years pneumonia, doubt lingers regarding its reliability, sufficiency and validity. The research question is whether the model is valid for use or not? The objectives of this study were to: incorporate exit rate from under five-year age bracket in the model, use Kenya data to parameterize the model, taking into account the uncertainties and finally to predict the dynamics of pneumonia. The model was rescaled through nondimensionalization. Data was fitted using theory of general solutions of nonlinear Ordinary differential equations, numerical differentiation using Lagrange polynomials and least square approximation method. Uncertainties due to disparities and round off errors were simulated using Monte Carlo simulation. Predictions of dynamics of pneumonia were carried out using MATLAB inbuilt ode solvers. Excel software was used to predict dynamics of discrete ordinary differential equations and to fit data. The basic reproduction number ( and effective reproduction number ( ) were obtained as Iteration of uncertainties on R was carried out 1000 times by Monte Carlo simulation. The maximum and minimum R were obtained as 90 and 55, respectively. Using MATLAB software and effective reproduction number, the ratio of infective class to the total population and the ratio of class under treatment to the total population will remain constant at 0.095 and 0.2297 respectively for the years 2021, 2022 and 2023. Research result indicted that it is more effective and efficient to use effective reproduction number ( ) than basic reproduction number ( in mathematical modelling of Infectious diseases whenever study focuses on proportion of population. On basis of large absolute errors in fitting data to model, findings cast doubt on model formulation and/or observed data.
The Anthropocene Dialogues on Climate Change to Human Health of Homosapiens in India
Authors: Mishra Siba Prasad , Mishra Saswat , Siddique Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

The Anthropocene has succeeded the 11700 years old Holocene epoch from 1945. Biological annihilation about 6th mass extinction from Holocene to present is well marked but less documented though the human dominance over bio-geo-hydro spheres has been established. IUCN is the footage of the floral/ faunal species from mammals to microorganisms. Many natural disasters, killer IAS and pandemic viruses are targeting human immune system. The 21st century virulent diseases are the HIV/AIDS, SARS, MERS, Swine flu. Corona viruses are not novice whereas COVID-19 viruses are mutation of old corona viruses. It is necessary to study the COVID-19 as one of the players of the 6th Mass extinction. Present work envisages the 6th mass extinction processes in India from the Holocene to present epoch. There is gradual endangering the aboriginal species, pathogens and viral species. The geospatial extinction process of 1200 years gathered from different sources and synchronized in the India’s time frame. The present outbreak of the killer COVID-19 has triggered threat to very human existence in mid latitudes affecting 5.0 millon and fatalities 325K people over 215 countries and two ships in the globe and 101 thousand confirmed cases and 3.3K people in India (till 20.05.2020).The pandemic has paralyzed the human’s social, economic, political activities and deteriorated world economy since last four months. The viral invasion is geospatially delimiting the climate change, extreme events, economy, sociology and mass immunity of the vibrant urban demography.
Influence of Osmotic Dehydration and Method of Drying on the Quality of Aonla Fruit
Authors: Ganachari Ambrish , Mathad P. F. , Reddy Mallikarjun , Nidoni Udaykumar 
Published: August 2020

Osmotic dehydration of aonla fruit was carried out to determine the Influence of osmotic solution and method of drying on the quality of aonla fruit. The destined aonla fruits with and without blanching were immersed in the mixture of salt and sugar solution. The salt concentration of the osmotic solution was kept constant (100 g) and the sugar concentrations were varied to bring the concentrations to 35, 45 and 55°B maintaining a fruit to syrup ratio of 1:3 by weight. The observations were recorded to study the influence of osmotic solution and time on water loss and solid gain. The subsequent drying was carried in hot air and vacuum driers at 50±5°C to a safe storage moisture level of 0.35 kg of water per kg of dry matter. The results showed the maximum water loss of 48.55% recorded for blanched fruit osmosed at 55°B and the minimum (27.61%) in unblanched fruit osmosed at 35°B. The solid gain was observed to be maximum (23.4%) in the blanched fruit compared to unblanched fruit (9.94%) at respective concentrations. Subsequent drying showed that drying was in falling rate and time taken was higher for untreated compared to treated. The blanching and method of drying had a significant effect on the quality of fruit. Colour was found better (Bright greenish-yellow) in blanched vacuum dried fruit followed by unblanched vacuum dried. The maximum amount of ascorbic acid was noticed in the freshly vacuum dried fruit (1780.2 mg/100 g) compared to osmosed fruits (534.8 to 1369.6 mg/100 g). Total sugar was found maximum in the osmosed vacuum dried fruit (82.2%) fruit compared to fresh once (24.6%) but the drying method had no significant effect on the retention of sugars. The mean scores for sensory showed that overall acceptability was higher for blanched vacuum dried fruit followed by unblanched vacuum dried fruits.
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on N‐glycan branching and cellular immunophenotypes in MS
Authors: Bäcker‐Koduah Priscilla , Infante‐Duarte Carmen , Ivaldi Federico , Uccelli Antonio , Bellmann‐Strobl Judith , Wernecke Klaus‐Dieter , Sy Michael , Demetriou Michael , Dörr Jan , Paul Friedemann , Ulrich Brandt Alexander 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) supplementation on peripheral immune cell frequency and N‐glycan branching in patients with relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).MethodsExploratory analysis of high‐dose (20 400 IU) and low‐dose (400 IU) vitamin D3 supplementation taken every other day of an 18‐month randomized controlled clinical trial including 38 RRMS patients on stable immunomodulatory therapy (NCT01440062). We investigated cholecalciferol treatment effects on N‐glycan branching using L‐PHA stain (phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin) at 6 months and frequencies of T‐, B‐, and NK‐cell subpopulations at 12 months with flow cytometry.ResultsHigh‐dose supplementation did not change CD3+ T cell subsets, CD19+ B cells subsets, and NK cells frequencies, except for CD8+ T regulatory cells, which were reduced in the low‐dose arm compared to the high‐dose arm at 12 months. High‐dose supplementation decreased N‐glycan branching on T and NK cells, measured as L‐PHA mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). A reduction of N‐glycan branching in B cells was not significant. In contrast, low‐dose supplementation did not affect N‐glycan branching. Changes in N‐glycan branching did not correlate with cell frequencies.InterpretationImmunomodulatory effect of vitamin D may involve regulation of N‐glycan branching in vivo. Vitamin D3 supplementation did at large not affect the frequencies of peripheral immune cells.
Flexible and Insoluble Artificial Synapses Based on Chemical Cross‐Linked Wool Keratin
Authors: Shi Chenyang , Lan Jinling , Wang Jingjuan , Zhang Shuai , Lin Youhui , Zhu Shuihong , Stegmann Amy E. , Yu Rui , Yan Xiaobing , Liu Xiang Yang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDesigning suitable material systems to construct artificial synapses and exploring novel synaptic functions is a crucial step toward the realization of efficient large‐scale bioinspired neuromorphic systems. In this work, flexible and insoluble bio‐memristor devices are fabricated by precisely engineering the molecular structures of wool keratin. This flexible Ag/keratin/indium tin oxide‐polyethylene naphthalate synaptic device possesses enhanced mechanical resistance, which is achieved by photo‐cross‐linking keratin molecules, and can withstand a bending radius of up to 1.2 mm. This device is promising for implantable applications because it is water‐resistant. When modulated by triangle‐wave DC voltages and pulsed voltages, this flexible electronic device emulates typical memristor characteristics and synaptic functions, including potentiation/depression, spike timing dependent plasticity, and long‐term/short‐term plasticity. Simulation results indicate that a memristor network made by this wool‐keratin based device has ≈95.8% memory learning accuracy and capability for pattern learning. Combined, these features prove that the cross‐linked wool‐keratin based device has potential in wearable and flexible neuron computing systems.
Effective Optimization of High Voltage Solid‐State Lithium Batteries by Using Poly(ethylene oxide)‐Based Polymer Electrolyte with Semi‐Interpenetrating Network
Authors: Homann Gerrit , Stolz Lukas , Neuhaus Kerstin , Winter Martin , Kasnatscheew Johannes 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are promising candidates for the realization of lithium metal batteries. However, the popular SPE based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) reveals a “voltage noise”‐failure during charge, for example, with high energy/high voltage electrodes like LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622), which can be attributed to short‐circuits via penetrating Li dendrites. This failure disappears when integrating PEO‐based SPE in a semi interpenetrating network, which mainly consists of PEO units, as well. In this work, it is shown that this SPE allows performance improvement via elimination of the crystalline domains without significant sacrifice of mechanical integrity. Hence, a highly amorphous SPE can be obtained by a simple increase of plasticizing Li salts, which overall is beneficial, not only for the ionic conductivity, but also the homogeneity, while remaining mechanically stable and solid in its original shape even after storage at 60 °C for 7 days. These aspects are crucial for the performance of the modified SPE as they can suppress the failure‐causing Li dendrite penetration while the electrochemical aspects, that is, anodic stability, are rather unaffected by the modification and remain stable (4.6 V vs Li│Li+). Overall, this optimized SPE enables stable cycling performance in NMC622│SPE│Li cells, even at 40 °C operation temperature.
Bioinspired Surface with Superwettability for Controllable Liquid Dynamics
Authors: Zhou Shan , Jiang Lei , Dong Zhichao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLiquid dynamics on a solid surface, i.e., the impact, flow, or overflow, are ubiquitous in nature and cause multifaceted problems that affect daily life. Recent studies on the role of surface superwettability in controlling liquid dynamics have attracted much attention. The role of particular surface morphologies and surface chemical compositions in manipulating the liquid impact or transport dynamics has garnered diverse scientific interests and has encouraged the widespread use of surface wettabilities in practical applications. Herein, the recent progress according to the interaction method between the liquid and solid is classified and summarized. The crucial influence of surface wettabilities and structures on liquid dynamic behaviors and a critical survey of the mechanism behind these behaviors, along with emerging applications, challenges, and perspectives, are presented.
Recent Progress of Biomimetic Antifouling Surfaces in Marine
Authors: Yan Hao , Wu Qingshan , Yu Cunming , Zhao Tianyi , Liu Mingjie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMarine biofouling is defined as the accumulation of living organisms on surfaces submerged in seawater. The growth of aquatic organisms on the man‐made surfaces such as ships, buoys, sonar devices, and ocean infrastructures is regarded as a serious problem. Antifouling paints are developed to prevent the growth of biofouling by continually releasing biocides. In recent years, the outstanding antifouling performances discovered from natural creatures have motivated the development of new biomimetic antifouling approaches. In this progress report, the recent development of biomimetic antifouling surface is summarized. The main advantages and drawbacks of these systems are presented along with a brief introduction to their scientific basis. As the potential development of biomimetic coatings is still far from commercialization, some common yet hitherto neglected perspectives are discussed. It is believed that by selecting and combining the most effective antifouling mechanisms from nature, will bring a new era to nontoxic antifouling paints in the near future.
A Flexible Transient Biomemristor Based on Hybrid Structure HfO2/BSA:Au Double Layers
Authors: Li Xiangnan , Zhang Lei , Guo Rui , Chen Jingsheng , Yan Xiaobing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBiomemristors have attracted increasing attention in neuromorphic computing as artificial biosynapses for wearable and implantable electronic systems. So far, biomemristors have achieved a series of neural outstanding functions, such as long‐term enhancement and long‐term inhibition, spiking‐time‐dependent plasticity, and paired impulse promotion, which has further developed memristors in the field of neurobionics. However, there is a problem in conventional memristors regarding the growth position and nucleation dynamics of the conductive filaments since they cause unstable switching parameters. In this study, a new hybrid structure with HfO2/BSA:Au (bovine serum doped with nanogold) is designed to improve biomemristor performance. The Ag/HfO2/BSA:Au/Pt stacked devices show a reversible and excellent bipolar resistive switching behavior. Moreover, the device can faithfully emulate the apoptotic process of biological synapses. Also, the same structure is constructed on a polydimethylsiloxane flexible substrate to examine the biosynapse's functional performance under bending conditions. Finally, the memristor cell can be completely dissolved in deionized water. The hybrid biomemristor can open up a new route to improve the reliability of the biomemristor based on the overall device performance of the BSA:Au, which could significantly accelerate hybrid biomemristor practical applications in wearable, degradable, or implantable electronic systems.
Micro‐Schottky Junction‐Boosted Efficient Charge Transducing for Ultrasensitive NO2 Sensing
Authors: Wang Jinyong , Zhang Jun , Wang Wenfeng , Guo Yanan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe detection of ultralow NO2 for practical applications remains a significant challenge because the two critical characteristics of high sensitivity and good robustness are considerably unsatisfactory. Inspired by the classification of stimuli‐receiving and signal‐conveying for a stimuli‐responsive procedure of a neuron in organisms, an internal micro‐Schottky junction introduced into a chemiresistor is constructed as an efficient transduction strategy to boost the less concerned transducing stage for a further improvement in NO2 sensing performance. The SnO2 nanoflowers/reduced graphene oxide‐based chemiresistor achieves a response of 10.5 toward 10 ppt NO2, with a record‐breaking limit of detection of 0.73 ppt at room temperature as well as fast response and recovery times of 59 and 9 s at 10 ppt. Surprisingly, the sensor exhibits good robustness, including higher selectivity, long‐term stability, and process stability. A comprehensive analysis of the electrical properties and energy band of inorganic materials reveals that the ultrahigh sensitivity and faster response/recovery are primarily related to the efficient transducing ability arising from the rapid electron transport and signal‐amplifying effect contributed by micro‐Schottky junctions. The concept of affiliating the sensing material modulation to the recepting and transducing stages and considering comprehensively provides a novel insight into the enhancement of gas sensing performance.
Inkjet‐Printed Ternary Inverter Circuits with Tunable Middle Logic Voltages
Authors: Kim Bongjun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA multi‐valued logic (MVL) technology is considered to be a promising way to improve data processing capabilities with higher bit density. Unique negative transconductance characteristics in van der Waals (vdW) p‐n heterojunction‐based devices enabled recent demonstrations of MVL circuits. Herein, inkjet‐printed ternary inverters are presented for the first time by connecting anti‐ambipolar transistors, based on indium oxide/single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) heterojunctions, and SWCNT transistors. Inkjet printing allows systematic control of anti‐ambipolar transistor characteristics by forming vdW heterojunctions reliably. The anti‐ambipolar transistor characteristics are widely tuned by simply changing the number of SWCNT printing in heterojunction channels. Tunable middle logic voltages in ternary inverters are achieved by using the changes in anti‐ambipolar transistor characteristics. This work provides a guideline for tuning device characteristics of anti‐ambipolar transistors and ternary inverters.
Molecular diagnostic challenges for non‐retinal developmental eye disorders in the United Kingdom
Authors: Jackson Daniel , Malka Samantha , Harding Philippa , Palma Juliana , Dunbar Hannah , Moosajee Mariya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOverall, approximately one‐quarter of patients with genetic eye diseases will receive a molecular diagnosis. Patients with developmental eye disorders face a number of diagnostic challenges including phenotypic heterogeneity with significant asymmetry, coexisting ocular and systemic disease, limited understanding of human eye development and the associated genetic repertoire, and lack of access to next generation sequencing as regarded not to impact on patient outcomes/management with cost implications. Herein, we report our real world experience from a pediatric ocular genetics service over a 12 month period with 72 consecutive patients from 62 families, and that from a cohort of 322 patients undergoing whole genome sequencing (WGS) through the Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project; encompassing microphthalmia, anophthalmia, ocular coloboma (MAC), anterior segment dysgenesis anomalies (ASDA), primary congenital glaucoma, congenital cataract, infantile nystagmus, and albinism. Overall molecular diagnostic rates reached 24.9% for those recruited to the 100,000 Genomes Project (73/293 families were solved), but up to 33.9% in the clinic setting (20/59 families). WGS was able to improve genetic diagnosis for MAC patients (15.7%), but not for ASDA (15.0%) and congenital cataracts (44.7%). Increased sample sizes and accurate human phenotype ontology (HPO) terms are required to improve diagnostic accuracy. The significant mixed complex ocular phenotypes distort these rates and lead to missed variants if the correct gene panel is not applied. Increased molecular diagnoses will help to explain the genotype–phenotype relationships of these developmental eye disorders. In turn, this will lead to improved integrated care pathways, understanding of disease, and future therapeutic development.