bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI MELALUI INTERNET (E-COMMERCE) DITINJAU DARI ASPEK HUKUM PERDATA
Authors: Rusviana Zuni , Suliantoro Adi 
Published: December 2020

Internet development causes the formation of a new world, every individual has the right and ability to interact with everyone who can prevent him. Perfect globalization connects the entire digital community, one of which is a business sector called E-COMMERCE.E-COMMERCE has a difference from conventional sale and purchase agreements and brings different legal consequences and there are also some problems that are not yet commonly describedthis is a problem that is not immediately anticipated to cause problems in the future. Based on the description, the research is carried out with the title: “SALE AND PURCHASE AGREEMENT VIA INTERNET E-COMMERCE IN TERMS OF CIVIL LAW ASPECTS”.
The formulation of the problem in this study is: (1) What is the validity of the SELLING BUY agreement through the internet if it is involved with Article 1320 of the Civil Code? (2) What is the legal consequence if there is a default in the purchase agreement through the internet (E-COMMERCE)? (3) Solution if there is a default in buying transactions through the internet (E-COMMERCE)?
The method used is a normative juridical approach. To approach the problem in this study the author uses descriptive analytical research specifications. Data collection uses secondary data. The method of presenting data in this study was carried out in a descriptive manner. The analysis used in this sketch is qualitative descriptive.
The results of the study indicate: (1) The validity of the agreement through the internet must have the same validity as the agreement that can be proven and in accordance with the provisions in Article 1320 BW. (2) The legal consequences of wanprestasi are compensation. the wanprestasi can be in the form of agreement fulfillment, contract fulfillment and compensation, ordinary compensation, cancellation of the agreement.(3) Solution if there is a wanprestasi in the sale and purchase agreement through: Litigation, Non Litigation, online site (kredibel.co.id, lapor.go.id, cek rekening.id), report directly to the police station and report to the bank.
Smart cities: Economic dimensions of their evolution
Authors: Lutsiv Ruslana 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. With the increase in urban population and the growth of citizens’ expectations, the development of smart cities – with the support and integration of digital technologies – should become one of the greatest achievements of humanity in the 21st century.Cities on our planet, from small regional communities to global mega-hubs, from the most ancient cities to the modern ones, focus on developing and implementing smart city initiatives to make them more efficient, sustainable, attractive to citizens and stimulate economic growth.Methods. Comparative and critical analysis was used to identify patterns of smart city generations formation and to find the problems of their functioning in different corners of our planet. Additionally, the mentioned methods and the method of modeling helped us to highlight the components of the concept presented through the drawing and enabled the visual presentation of its generations’ characteristics in the table.Results. The essence of the concept of “smart city”, its theoretical and applied aspects are considered. The main characteristics of the smart cities generations are defined as an innovative model for managing the socio-economic development of large cities. The most successful projects of smart city іmplementation in the world in such cities as Santander, Songdo, Masdar, Rio de Janeiro and Singapore are analyzed. It is proved that smart city is a modern model of urban transformation with the use of information and communication technologies for solving the most complex problems and development of innovations, active involvement of the citizens in the transformation process. It is a place where conditions for the development of the community and every person are created as a key driving force in fostering economic and social growth in which information technologies allow to change qualitatively the management system.Discussion. The prospects for further development of the study are to explore the experience of implementing Generation 3.0 in the top world smart cities and ways of its introduction in Ukraine, as this is the key to the economic uplift and social progress of the world.
The modern mechanisms for the development of innovations in the construction industry
Authors: Mykytyuk Petro , Kasych Alla 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In the article; based on research of modern Ukrainian and international experience in the field of improvement of mechanisms of development of innovations in the field of housing; the existing barriers and specifics of the development of the industry are analyzed; the main opportunities and perspective directions of program-target support of organizational-economic and managerial innovations are opened with the purpose of increasing accessibility and opportunities for improving the living conditions of citizens; minimizing public utility costs; switching to low-cost housing for yoga operation. Specific directions for state and regional authorities to increase the investment attractiveness of innovative housing construction and the transition of the industry to the innovative vector of development are proposed.The purpose of the study is to consider modern mechanisms for the development of innovations in the construction industry.Results. The dependence of the development of the construction industry with the development of related industries; the level of employment is revealed. It was also determined that for the successful development of the industry; appropriate conditions must be created to increase the investment attractiveness of innovative housing. The main barriers to the development of innovative housingin Ukraine were also identified.Discussion. Prospects for further development of the study are to improve regulatory and legal incentives for the development of material production; stimulate the transition to new technologies of housing; development of advanced automated systems for design and management of buildings based on BIM-technologies and development of rental housing under concession agreements with investors.
The genesis of control in public procurement
Authors: Sysyk Svіtlana 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The activities of public sector entities; especially budgetary institutions; are closely related to the presence of a significant amount of material resources. The inefficiency of the control over their acquisition leads to significant losses of budget funds. Therefore; it is important to formulate new approaches to exercising control in the field of procurement. This area of scientific research is especially relevant due to the shortage of public funds; the crisis in the Ukrainian economy and the inefficiency of management.The purpose of the article is to carry out a critical assessment of the regulatory framework and the current control system in the field of procurement for public funds; scientific substantiation of the possibilities of improving the methods and techniques of control; including using risk systems.Methods. In the process of conducting a critical assessment of the current regulatory documents in the field of procurement control for public funds; as well as studying the processes of transformation of the control system; general scientific empirical and logical research methods were used. Analysis and evaluation have been applied to study the current control system and its forms; as well as to identify the shortcomings of control and positioning of ways to overcome them. The information base of the study is regulatory documents on procurement control for public funds; scientific works of Ukrainian scientists; descriptions of Prozorro and Dozorro systems; and others.Results. An analysis of the regulatory support of procurement control for public funds made it possible to establish the positive impact of changes in existing legislation on the effectiveness and forms of control. The expediency of developing and approving the Procedure for monitoring purchases for public funds using an approach based on risk assessment is substantiated. An express analysis of the key risks of public procurement is proposed and their composition is identified.Discussion. A further study of the practice and methods of applying risk assessment systems; including in the process of express analysis; will optimize the control of procurement for public funds; and will also increase its efficiency and effectiveness.
Sports Fans’ Discourse: Metaphors They Live by
(Based on M. Andrack’s «Lebenslänglich Fußball. Vom Wahnsinn,
Fan zu sein»)
Authors: Belyutin Roman 
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of sports fans’ discourse which is an important part of sports communication. This discourse is examined in the light of the cognitive metaphor as an object for world cognition and modelling. The research is based on one of the most popular works of the new genre (fan
diary) – the book written by M. Andrack, a journalist, writer and TV presenter who has a status of an experienced football fan apart from his vocation. Research methods comprise cognitive and discourse analysis, modelling, classification,
distributional analysis applied to reveal collocations of certain lexemes. On the basis of the results of the empirical analysis, the article reveals metaphoric representations of key concepts in fans’ subculture built round «rooting »; metaphors having a common reference source (religion, magic, theatre, vehicles, medicine, erotic art, gender, etc.) are united into bigger groups – metaphoric models. The work demonstrates classic and specific (via precedent facts of life and intradiscourse import of concepts) variants for conceptualization of reality by football fans through the metaphoric reference system.
Modernization «From the Wooden Plow»:
the Experience of Agrarian Reform in Smolensk Village in the 1920–1930s
Authors: Zhukov Alexey 
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the mechanism of agrarian transformation in the 1920s–1930s on the example of Smolensk region. In the 1920s the NEP modernization processes in the region have been continued by the Stolypin agrarian
reforms. Khutors (farms) creation, mass cooperation, an exit from the peasant community happened due to peasants’ aspiration started «below» and the «above» support of the Soviet authorities. The agrarian impasse in the mid 1920s, that was caused by extensive development, raised the question of finding the best option for agricultural transformation.
In Smolensk Governorate it was shown in the choice of «Danish»
way of development when the high-value farms united in various agricultural cooperatives on the dairy-grass-flax-growing bias that would give a large number
of export products for which the Soviet government could receive good money for industrialization. However, the enrichment of the peasantry, the fear of economic growth in the political NEP led to the termination of this program. The remains of the agrarian experiment were curtailed during the process of
«Smolensk abscess». Further development was forced to follow the socialist way
of modernization with its usual costs.
There was «Chayanov’s» alternative in the course of collectivization. It
provided for the combination of individual economic functions due to cooperation. The defeat of «Chayanov’s» group in the political struggle of 1929 led to the choice of a more forced model – agricultural cartels, communes. It was supposed to create
large agro-industrial complexes (according to the best practices of the USA). But
failures in leadership, dispossession, resistance of the peasantry and mass cattle
slaughter prevented socialist modernization. But the large and technically equipped forms of agricultural production were created, which effectively resolved the task of
ensuring food stability and security of the country. On the other hand, these progressive changes were achieved largely due
to the deterioration of the rural population’s living standards, a return to the elements of the pre-revolutionary past (alienation of workers from the means of production, non-economic coercion, attachment to the collective farm).
Formation of the Healthcare Management System
during the Establishment of Belarusian Soviet Statehood (1917–1921)
Authors: Kapliev Alexey 
Published: December 2020

The article characterizes the formation of the healthcare management system during the establishment of the Bolsheviks power in Belarus in the 1917–1921s. The prerequisites, conditions and stages of development of the Soviet
administrative medical authorities, their structure and competence have been identified on the basis of analysis carried out with the help of archival documents, periodicals of the studied period and personal sources. It is proved that the approval of the Soviet principles of qualification, accessibility and free medical care was complicated by the German-occupated
Belarus in 1918 and the adverse epidemiological situation caused by refugees’ migration during the First World War. After the retreat of the German troops the governments of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus and the Soviet Socialist Republic of Lithuania and Belarus formed the People’s Commissariat of
Healthcare as a supreme medical management body. However, the permanent changes in the government and its relocation during the advance of Polish troops determined the low efficiency of measures for the public health protection and anti-epidemic activities. In the conditions of disintegration of these state
entities, their authorities and executive bodies, the local administrative structures
such as provincial and county healthcare departments had acquired a
leading role in providing medical care to the population.
The final formation of the healthcare management system refers to the
end of the hostilities of the Polish-Soviet War, when, along with the restoration
of the Soviet Socialist Republic of Belarus, its People’s Commissariat of
Healthcare was recreated.
Evolución de la Enfermedad de Chagas e infestación con triatominos en Chiquimula, Guatemala, 2000-2018
Authors: Chávez Vásquez Erica Lidia 
Published: December 2020

Resumen
Objetivo: Describir la evolución temporal de la Enfermedad de Chagas y los índices de infestación con triatominos en Chiquimula, Guatemala, en el periodo 2000-2018.
Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, con datos de los registros entomológicos y serológicos del Área de Salud de Chiquimula que cumplieron con las definiciones de caso de los protocolos nacionales. Se calcularon tasas de incidencia y prevalencia de la enfermedad e índices entomológicos.
Resultados: La mediana de edad de la población estudiada fue de 40 años (rango 0-96). Se estimó una prevalencia de casos para el 2018 de 0.22% (IC 0.00 11- 0.2984); la tasa de incidencia por 10,000 habitantes fue de 1.0 (IC 1.2680755 - 8.5915) para el año 2004 y 3.0 (IC 0.2976 - 3.7077) para el 2018. La positividad fue de 45.81%(525/1,146). El índice de infestación basal (2000) fue de 21.13% y posterior a las intervenciones de control en 2007 disminuyó a 2%.
Discusión: La incidencia de casos de Enfermedad de Chagas aumentó a lo largo del periodo de estudio a pesar que los índices de infestación con triatominos disminuyeron; es recomendable realizar estudios de seroprevalencia de la enfermedad.
Palabra clave: Enfermedad de Chagas, tripanosomiasis, triatominos, Índices de infestación
How much of morphological variability in pollen from genus Rubus L. might be explained by climate variability
Authors: Lechowicz Kacper , Dyderski Marcin Krzysztof , Wrońska-Pilarek Dorota 
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of 19 climatic factors during flowering periods and taxonomic proximity on the morphological features of the pollen from the genus Rubus L., which comprises numerous species, often with small ranges of natural occurrence.. It was hypothesized that the pollen morphology would be driven more by the effects of taxonomic proximity than by climatic variables, due to the conservatism of the pollen features, connected with a shared evolutionary history. The analyses revealed that climatic variability can explain an additional 2.5% to 14.0% of pollen morphology. The majority of the modelled pollen features were not correlated with the bioclimatic factors studied, except for the P/E ratio, which was positively correlated, and E, which was negatively correlated with PC3. However, most of the variability was explained by random effects connected with the taxonomic affiliation of the studied species to the genus Rubus L., which is very difficult in taxonomic terms. The study, therefore, showed how much additional interspecific variability in pollen morphology might be explained by the climatic variability of the species distributions.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS STEM PADA MATERI HIMPUNAN KELAS VII SMP
Authors: Aminingsih Aminingsih , Izzati Nur 
Published: December 2020

Permasalahan yang dihadapi peserta didik kelas VII SMPN 7 Tanjungpinang salah satunya adalah bahan ajar yang digunakan kurang membantu peserta didik dalam pembelajaran, di mana peserta didik masih mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami materi di buku paket. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran berbasis STEM yang layak dan menarik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Reseacrh and Development (RND) dengan menerapkan model pengembangan Borg dan Gall yang dimodifikasi oleh sugiyono. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah kelas VII.5 SMPN 7 Tanjungpinang tahun 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 30 orang. Pengumpulan data penelitian melalui teknik validasi oleh ahli serta angket respon peserta didik dan pendidik. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul pembelajaran berbasis STEM ini termasuk kategori sangat layak dengan tingkat kelayakan 92%, serta kemenarikannya mencapai 76,77% berdasarkan respon pendidik dan 84,99% berdasarkan respon pendidik, masing-masing dengan katergori menarik dan sangat menarik, sehingga modul berbasis STEM ini, dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran khususnya materi himpunan.
PENGARUH KEKUATAN DAN KEKERASAN BATUAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS SURFACE MINER DI PT. SEMEN BATURAJA (PERSERO) TBK
Authors: Manuhutu Hendry Irawan , Juniah Restu , Handayani RR. Harminuke Eko 
Published: December 2020

Surface Miner digunakan oleh SMBR untuk mengoptimalkan pengambilan material batugamping pada area-area yang berdekatan dengan pemukiman penduduk dimana kegiatan peledakan sudah dibatasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk melakukan klasifikasi nilai kekuatan dan kekerasan batugamping pada area kerja surface miner di SMBR, menganalisis pengaruh nilai kekuatan dan kekerasan batugamping terhadap produktivitas unit surface miner di SMBR, membandingkan biaya akibat pengaruh nilai kekuatan dan kekerasan terhadap penggunaan cutting tools, fuel, dan jam kerja surface miner pada area kerja surface miner. Data primer terdiri dari data produktivitas alat surface miner, data penggunaan bahan bakar/fuel. Data sekunder terdiri dari data geoteknik khususnya data kekuatan batuan (UCS), data nilai kekerasan batuan, data pengujian kualitas kimia (SiO2) dan serta sifat fisik dan mekanik batugamping. Batugamping yang diamati memiliki sifat fisik dan mekanik serta kandungan silika pada batugamping tersebut. Sifat fisik batugamping berupa densitas batuan antara 1,79 gr/cm3 sd 2,53 gr/cm3, sifat mekanik berupa UCS antara 1,42 mpa sd 104,55 mpa, sedangkan kandungan silika antara 0,75 % sd 88,52 %. Batugamping pada area kerja surface miner di klasifikasikan menjadi tiga berdasarkan data kekuatan dan kekerasan batuan, berupa zona batuan kuat sedang- keras, zona batuan tidak kuat – tidak keras, dan zona batuan sangat tidak kuat-tidak keras.
PENGARUH FRAGMENTASI DAN GETARAN TANAH AKIBAT PELEDAKAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS ALAT GALI MUAT DAN KESTABILAN LERENG
Authors: Ahmad Husni  , Toha M. Taufik , Komar Syamsul 
Published: December 2020

MTBU merupakan lokasi Penambangan PT Bukit Asam Tbk. Pembongkaran overburden serta interburden di lokasi tersebut dilakukan dengan cara peledakan. Besarnya boulder pada kegiatan peledakan dapat menyebabkan produksi batubara terhambat, karena bongkahan batuan yang besar tersebut tidak sesuai dengan kapasitas alat. Hal ini menybebakan produktivitas alat gali muat menjadi terganggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi fragmentasi hasil peledakan, pengaruh getaran tanah terhadap kemantapan lereng, dan pengaruh fragmentasi hasil peledakan terhadap produktivitas PC 2000. Data primer didapatkan melalui pengamatan lapangan, sedangkan data sekunder didapatkan dari jurnal peneliti terdahulu dan dokumen perusahaan. Pengolahan dan analisis data fragmentasi batuan dilakukan dengan bantuan software Split Desktop 2.0 Demo. Analisis getaran tanah dilakukan dengan membandingkan antara nilai PPV akibat peledakan dengan ambang baku getaran. Hasil analisis menunjukkan distribusi fragmentasi dari hasil peledakan adalah ukuran fragmentasi kecil dari 20 cm sebanyak 34,11%, ukuran 21 – 40 cm sebanyak 19,81%, ukuran 41 – 60 cm sebanyak 20,84, ukuran 61 – 80 cm sebanyak 16,24%, dan ukuran 81 – 100 sebanyak 9%. Hasil analisis getaran tanah menunjukkan rata-rata getaran tanah (PPV) sebesar 0,996 mm/s dan termasuk kategori aman bagi lereng dan bangunan. Sedangkan produktivitas excavator komatsu PC 2000 mencapai 858,22 BCM/jam.
Pathological response rate in patients who achieve clinical response after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy in localized esophageal cancer
Authors: Bai Ravisha , Haider Ghulam , Satyawan Kanwal , Manzoor Ammara , Hussain Shahid , Sasoli Muhammad Hayat 
Published: December 2020

Background: The incidence of esophagus carcinoma is raising and it is the 6th leading cause of mortality. The objective of this study is to determine pathological response rate in patients who achieve clinical response after neo-adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced esophageal cancer presented at a single tertiary care centre in Karachi.
Patients and methods: It was a longitudinal study conducted at the Department of Oncology of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical College from May 2017 to July 2018. Thirty five patients with locally advanced carcinoma involving lower and middle esophagus had concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Induction of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with radiations in which carboplatin and paclitaxel was given weekly. After 6 weeks at the end of irradiation, the clinical response was assessed on CT scan. All patients who had achieved stable, partial and complete clinical response after completion of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) underwent surgery within 6-8 weeks. After surgery, pathologist evaluated resected specimen and staging was done on the basis of residual tumor. To grade the response to therapy, the degree of histomorphologic regression classified into four categories as Pathological complete response (pCR), pathological partial response, stable disease as no pathological response and progression of disease. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23. Chi-square test was applied to assess association between effect modifiers and complete pathological response.
Results: Total of 35 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 42.42±14.16 years. There was female preponderance (57.4%) with male to female ratio of 17:18. Eleven patients (31%) achieved complete clinical response and 2 patients (6%) had stable disease. After surgery, complete pathological response was observed in 21 (60%) patients. However, 10 (28.6%) patients achieved partial pathological response, 1 (2.9%) patient had stable disease and 3 (8.6%) patients showed progression of disease.
Conclusion: The achievement of complete pathological response was comparatively higher than partial response among locally advanced EC patients who had neoadjuvant CCRT followed by surgery.