bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POTENSI CIRCULATING MICRORNA SEBAGAI NOVEL BIOMARKER NON-INVASIF UNTUK DIAGNOSIS DAN PROGNOSIS PENDERITA MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Enggy Liani Elisabeth , Gunawan Revina Raissa , Giffari M. Moh. Anfasa 
Published: October 2020

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat global akibat tingginya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang disebabkannya. Saat ini, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), CT-scan digunakan sebagai acuan utama dalam mendeteksi TBI, tetapi alat diagnostik ini kurang akurat dan belum mampu untuk mendeteksi tingkatan TBI ringan atau mild-TBI (mTBI). Diketahui 80% kejadian TBI merupakan kasus mTBI yang dapat menyebabkan disabilitas jangka panjang apabila tidak ditangani secara cepat dan tepat, sehingga diperlukan suatu biomarker baru yang dapat mengidentifikasi mTBI untuk membedakannya dengan orang sehat. Circulating miRNA merupakan salah satu jenis small non-coding RNA yang tersekresi dari jaringan menuju ruang ekstraseluler yang bersirkulasi dalam tubuh. Trauma pada pasien TBI dapat merubah ekspresi dan regulasi beberapa circulating miRNA spesifik, sehinga miRNA memiliki potensi untuk menjadi indikator diagnosis dan prognosis non-invasif dari mTBI. Menilai kemampuan diagnostik maupun prognostik circulating miRNA dalam mengidentifikasi mTBI dengan menilai sensitivitas, spesifisitas, dan AUC. Kajian sistematis ini mengumpulkan literatur dari PubMed, Science Direct, Directiory of Open Acces Journal (DOAJ), NLM, dan Epistemonikos dengan menggunakan metode berstandarkan cochrane guideline for systematic review (PRISMA) dengan pencarian kata kunci “Traumatic Brain Injury” dan “MicroRNAs”. Dari 307 studi yang didapatkan, ditemukan 6 final studi yang sesuai dengan seluruh kriteria inklusi. Studi yang dikaji berkorelasi dengan tujuan kajian sistematis ini. Circulating miRNA dari spesimen cairan berpotensi menjadi biomarker non-invasif baru untuk mTBI. Secara khusus, miRNA-425 dan miRNA-502 berpotensi tinggi untuk mendiagnosis awal mTBI terhadap orang sehat, serta miRNA-219 sebagai indikator menilai prognosis dari pederita TBI.
FREMANEZUMAG (FREMANEZUMAB DAN MAGNESIUM) SEBAGAI INOVASI DALAM PENCEGAHAN SERANGAN MIGRAIN
Authors: Rahman Putri Windiana , Qalbissilmi Safira 
Published: October 2020

Migrain adalah penyakit yang dirasakan seumur hidup, sering berulang dan menghambat aktivitas penderitanya. Patogenesis migrain dispekulasikan berada pada sistem trigeminal dengan aktivitas neurotransmitter seperti CGRP, glutamat, serotonin dan nitrit oksida, vasodilatasi arteri serebri serta inflamasi neurogenic. Tata laksana migrain dengan konsumsi triptan didapatkan efek samping yang tak terduga antara penggunaan obat tersebut dengan kejadian iskemik serebrovaskular, jantung coroner dan hipertensi berat. Saat ini, telah ditemukan tata laksana terbaru dan sudah diakui untuk penyakit migrain. Pengobatan yang berhubungan dengan CGRP dan senyawa magnesium menawarkan manfaat yang cukup besar dibandingkan obat-obatan yang sudah ada.
KEGUNAAN GINKGO BILOBA UNTUK PENGOBATAN PENYAKIT NEUROLOGIS
Authors: Sarifuddin Muftia Jauristika , Annisa Nurul 
Published: October 2020

Ginkgo Biloba adalah Salah satu tanaman yang tergolong sebagai fitofarmaka atau obat-obatan yang berasal dari tanaman ialah Ginkgo biloba Tanaman G.biloba (Gb) termasuk dalam familia Ginkgoceae. Di dalam ekstrak G.biloba terdapat antioksidan, antivirus, antiinflamasi, dan juga antikarsinogenik. Dan juga telah dinyatakan bahwa ekstrak G.biloba mempunyai efek yang baik terhadap fungsi SSP (sistem saraf pusat). Untuk mengetahui manfaat G.biloba dalam penanganan gangguan neurologis. Dibuat dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka untuk mengumpulkan referensi yang valid mengenai tanaman Ginkgo Biloba yang dapat digunakan sebagai penanganan gangguan Neurologi. Hasil literature reviewberdasarkan studi pustaka yang dilakukan menunujukkan bahwa tanaman Ginkgo Biloba yang dapat digunakan sebagai penanganan penyakit neuorologis dengan kandungan dan efek terhadap tubuh. Dalam literature review ini didapatkan tanaman Ginkgo Biloba yang dapat digunakan sebagai penanganan gangguan neurologis
POTENSI SOVATELTIDE (IRL-1620) SEBAGAI OBAT NEUROPROTEKTIF MUTAKHIR STROKE ISKEMIK
Authors: Hamonangan Jonathan Ricardo , Simanjuntak Michael Nobel , Giovanni Leonardus Yodi 
Published: October 2020

Stroke adalah penyebab kematian tertinggi kedua di dunia. Stroke iskemik terjadi pada 88% kasus stroke, sedangkan stroke pendarahan terjadi pada 12% kasus. Baik pada dewasa maupun anak-anak, stroke dapat menyebabkan kecacatan sehingga memengaruhi produktivitas penderita. Namun, pengobatan stroke iskemik secara farmakologis merupakan tantangan bagi dunia kedokteran karena patologi stroke iskemik yang kompleks. Sebagai intervensi mutakhir, Sovateltide (IRL-1620/PMZ-1620) hadir sebagai agonis endothelin B receptors (ETBR) selektif yang prospektif dengan memberikan efek neuroprotektif dan angiogenesis pada stroke iskemik. Meskipun masih dalam uji coba klinis, belum ada studi pustaka yang membahas mengenai potensi Sovateltide sebagai neuroprotektif stroke iskemik. Sebagai solusinya, studi pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi Sovateltide sebagai obat neuroprotektif mutakhir stroke iskemik. Studi pustaka secara sistematis ini merupakan hasil analisis dan sintesis dari berbagai referensi yang relevan dengan topik di Pubmed dan Google Scholar, dicari menggunakan berbagai kata kunci, dan jangka waktu tidak lebih dari 10 tahun. Sovateltide merupakan agonis ETBR yang paling selektif sehingga mampu memberikan efek neuroprotektif dengan meningkatkan proliferasi, survival rate, diferensiasi, neurogenesis, fusion mitokondria, dan perkembangan sel saraf. Selain itu, Sovateltide juga mampu meningkatkan Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) sehingga menyebabkan angiogenesis pada pembuluh darah otak yang mengalami oklusi. Berdasarkan penelitian, pemberian Sovateltide pada sampel tikus dewasa dan anak- anak dengan middle cerebral arteries occlusion (MCAO) berpotensi menjadi obat neuroprotektif stroke iskemik fase akut dan subakut. Sovateltide memiliki potensi yang baik sebagai obat neuroprotektif mutakhir stroke iskemik.
DIMENSIONED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR REACTIVE POWER OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM
Authors: Lenin K. 
Published: October 2020

This paper present’s Dimensioned Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) algorithm for solving Reactive power optimization (RPO) problem. Dimensioned extension is introduced to particles in the particle swarm optimization (PSO) model in order to overcome premature convergence in interactive optimization. In the performance of basic PSO often flattens out with a loss of diversity in the search space as resulting in local optimal solution. Proposed algorithm has been tested in standard IEEE 57 test bus system and compared to other standard algorithms. Simulation results reveal about the best performance of the proposed algorithm in reducing the real power loss and voltage profiles are within the limits.
LUCID PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING OPTIMAL REACTIVE POWER PROBLEM
Authors: Lenin K. 
Published: October 2020

This paper presents, Lucid Particle Swarm Optimization (LPSO) algorithm for Solving Optimal Reactive Power Problem. Particle swarm method is typically made up of a population of simple agents intermingle locally with one another and with their surroundings, with the aim of locating the optima within the operational environment. In this paper, a robust and Lucid particle swarm optimization framework based on multi-agent system is presented, where learning capabilities are integrated into the particle agents to dynamically fiddle with their optimality behaviours. Self-Sufficiency is achieved by the use of communicators that separate an agent’s individual operation from that of the swarm, thereby making the system more robust. The proposed Lucid Particle Swarm Optimization (LPSO) algorithm has been tested on standard IEEE 118 & practical 191 bus test systems and simulation results show clearly about the premium performance of the proposed algorithm in reducing the real power loss.
Poverty Alleviation Through The Role Of Women’s Social Capital
Authors: Asriani Putri Suci , Osira Yessilia 
Published: October 2020

Position and role between men and women according to cultural context is the caused unbalance gender role of husband and wife function. Many cases of female subordinate are being caused women to between and trapped in family discomfort, because women personally need of psychosocial and physical are not fulfilled. Some intellectual potential women will have been able to optimize the potential quality of their human resources for a career and occupation an important position as a public leader. However, because of the dominance of her husband or the system in this situational society does not permit or allow women to work or to improve the quality of their education, the chance that maybe only once in her lifetime will be lost. The women never get a chance to work or to be a public leader. In order to answer the problem, it is necessary to have a model of women, consequently. The contribution of women in various poverty alleviation efforts can be seen and measured. The study done in Bengkulu Province. It is known that women in the research area always try to help men in overcoming economic difficulties. Economic activity in the research area that can be done by women is relatively limited. Women make effort to overcome economic difficulties in their household, among others by diversifying their businesses (agriculture, trade, services, tourism), exerting the power to increase household income or income by mobilizing all household members to work, owe to meet the necessities of life, and saving expenditure. Those saving is beneficial in order to save money, to reduce the quota, to reduce the quality of food consumption, to migrate and get a job, and to ask for help from the family. Adaptive women empowerment model that can be applied as one of pverty eradication efforts through the effective implementation of strategic Gender Responsive Development (GRD).
BUSINESS ANALYSIS OF RED BEAN AND ALL GRADE ROBUSTA GROUND COFFEE PROCESSING: STUDY IN IN “SINTARO” GROUND COFFEE COMPANYBUSINESS IN KABAWETAN SUB-DISTRICT, KEPAHIANG REGENCY
Authors: Ambarini Deva Yurita , Irnad Irnad , Sumantri Bambang 
Published: October 2020

One of the ground coffee businesses in Kepahiang Regency is “Sintaro” operated from 2008 – Today and produces ground coffee through two material selection systems using all ground and red bean. The purpose of the present study was to estimate and analyze the revenue, value-added and marketing of the ground coffee processing which uses red bead and all grade bean. Value added was analysed using Hayami approach while revenue and marketing were analysed decriptively. Based on the research result, the revenue of ground coffee processing which uses red bead was Rp2,512,351/month or profitability level of 58 % while the revenue of ground coffee processing used all grade bean was Rp3,340,409 month profitability level of 42 %. The value-added of processing red bean was Rp 9,676 /Kg with value added ratio of 62% in a single production. The value-added of processing all grade bean was Rp2,834 /Kg with value added ratio of 46% in a single production. Red bean ground coffee marketing covered Bengkulu, Palembang, and Jakarta, with distribution percentages of 62 %, 26 %, and 12%, respectively. Meanwhile, all grade ground coffee covered Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu, Lubuk Linggau and Lampung, with distribution percentages of 35 %, 28 %, 24 %, and 12 %, respectively.
Study of the Variation in Prices of Antidepressant Drugs Available in Nepali Market
Authors: Khadka Anjan , Manandhar Pradeep , Katuwal Nagendra , Khatri Mahesh 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Depression often remains unrecognized, misdiagnosed and/or under treated. There are multiple drugs from multiple companies which are available for treatment of depression. The prices of same drug with different brands are variable which questions the afford ability of treatment to the patients and their compliance.
Objective The study was conducted to analyze the cost variation of different brands of antidepressant drugs prescribed in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal.
Methodology This study design was cross-sectional and method was quantitative method and conducted at department of pharmacology of a tertiary care hospital from September 2018 to January 2019 after getting approval from institutional review committee. The commonly prescribed antidepressant drugs were recorded from prescription records of department of psychiatry and their cost, cost ratio and percentage variation were calculated as per current index of medical specialties and National index of medical specialties. The data were recorded in MS excel and presented as simple descriptive statistics.
Result The study included seven commonly prescribed antidepressants obtained from 214 prescription records. The cost of one course of citalopram 40 mg tablet was found to be higher and the cost of one course of imipramine 25 mg tablet was found to be lower. The maximum and minimum cost ratio was 2.46 and 1.08 with fluoxetine 20 mg capsule and dothiepin 50 mg tablet respectively. The maximum and minimum percentage of cost variation was with fluoxetine 20 mg capsule and dothiepin 50 mg tablet.
Conclusion Costs of antidepressants had wider variations depending on the manufacturers and availability of different dose and brands.
Prevalence and Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Uropathogens among Patients with Urinary Tract Infection at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Dewasy Bijoylakshmi , Singh Randhir Kumar , Parajuli Surya Bahadur , Kafle Tara , Mishra Anjali 
Published: October 2020

Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent condition encountered in clinical settings. Empirical treatment is common. The treatment without urine culture and sensitivity leads to antimicrobial resistance. This is a major global concern.
Objective The objective of this study was to find the prevalence and susceptibility pattern of Bacterial Uropathogens among patients with Urinary Tract Infection at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital of eastern Nepal.
Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with UTI attending Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital from August 2018 to December 2018. The sample size of the study was 530. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital (Ref: IRC-PA-009/2075-76). Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed by using SPSS.
Results The prevalence of bacterial uropathogens among urine culture was 66.04%. The common uropathogens isolated were E.coli (66.9%) and Klebsiella spp (15.1%). E.coli was highly susceptible to Chloramphenicol (100%) followed by Ceftrixone (82.4%), Cefpodoxime (77.8%) and Amikacin (77.9%); while Klebsiella spp were susceptible to nalidixic acid (40%) followed by co-trimoxazole (17.9%).
Conclusion Almost 2 out of 3 samples had bacterial uropathogens isolated. E. coli and Klebsiella spp were common. Chloramphenicol and Nalidixic acid were highly susceptible to E.coli and Klebsiella spp respectively.
Study of Maternal and Fetal Outcome among Booked and Unbooked Patients at tertiary Hospital
Authors: Subedi Shanti Sunuwar , Bhansakarya Rakina , Sharma Sajjan Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: To evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in booked and unbooked cases.
Objectives: To assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in unbooked and booked patients.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from Augustti2019 to January 2020. Using a convenient sampling technique, 204 samples were taken and cross-sectional study was done.
Results: There were total 204 cases in this study;102were booked and 102 were unbooked. In this study, 85(83%) of booked cases were educated up to secondary level as compared toti65 (64%) of unbooked cases. There was no significant difference in Apgar score in 1 and 5 minute between booked and unbooked cases. More babies in the unbooked group were transferred to NICU as compared to the booked group and the difference was significant (9.8%vs 1.9%). Greater proportion of booked cases had spontaneous vaginal delivery (81.3% vs 59.8%) and complications like preterm delivery, anemia, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, complicated labor and puerperal sepsis was also less in the booked group.
Conclusions: The study showed that unbooked mothers and their newborns had higher chance of having complications.
Is Diclofenac Gargle Effective in Alleviating Post-Tonsillectomy Pain in Adults?
Authors: Acharya Anup , Singh Madan Mohan , Panday Bhuwan Raj , Pokharel Bandana , Pandit Shiva Bhushan , Bartaula Suman 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Pain in the post-operative period is a major concern following tonsillectomy in an adult resulting in prolonged hospital stay, decreased oral intake and absence from work. Various techniques and medications have been tried to reduce the pain.
Objectives We attempted to study the efficacy of diclofenac gargle in reducing the post-tonsillectomy pain in adults.
Methodology We conducted a double-blind randomized study in patients 18 years or older undergoing tonsillectomy. Cases were given diclofenac gargle in post-operative period whereas controls were given normal saline gargle. Other modality of treatment and medication were same in both the groups. Pain was assessed at rest and during swallowing with Visual Analogue Score (VAS) on first and second post-operative day, and then at the end of first and second week of the surgery. Pain scores between two groups were compared.
Results There were 64 participants equally divided into cases and controls by block randomization. Pain score during swallowing was significantly less in cases. The difference at rest was not significant at any point of time studied. The pain gradually increased over a week in both the groups and then rapidly decreased by the end of second week.
Conclusion Diclofenac gargle is effective in reducing the posttonsillectomy pain, especially during swallowing, in adults.
Single-Incision Laparoscopic Approach, the New Trend in the Minimal Invasive Surgery - An Overview, Current Status and Correlation with Our Experience in Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sulaimankulov Ruslan , Jolochieva Gulmira , Paudel Bandana 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The major purpose of the Minimal Access Surgery is to reduce the number and size of scars, decrease pain and rate of infections, reduce complications, and improve cosmetic effect. In order to achieve scarless surgery there was a development of the Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTS), which did not gain popularity and induced growing interest to single-incision laparoscopy as a modern technique with minimal visible scars.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to correlate worldwide experience with outcomes of Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) in our institute.
Methodology: A retrospective analysis was done for 9141 patients who underwent Laparo-endoscopic single-site surgery between the year 2011-2020 years (AD). The type of surgery, gender, age, operative time, conversion and complication rate were reported.
Results: Laparo-endoscopic single-site surgery was performed for 9141 patients, with a mean age of 46.3 years (range=2.5- 90). Out of 9141 patients included in this study, 8668 patients underwent Cholecystectomy, 232 underwent simultaneous, 161 appendectomy, 54 ovarian cystectomy, 11 underwent myomectomy, 8 diagnostic laparoscopy and 7 cases of salpingo-oophorectomy. The mean operating time was 19.5 minutes (range=4-35 min). In our study complicated cases were 0.996%, conversion done for 0.1% and mortality was 0.02%.
Conclusion: The advantages of single access surgery include better cosmetic effect, reduced bleeding, infections, herniations and hospital stay.
Efficacy of Oral Carvedilol Premedication in Attenuating the Hemodynamic Response to Direct Laryngoscopy and Endotracheal Intubation
Authors: Koirala Siddhartha , Dhakal Yogesh , Baral Sameep Raj , Ghimire Ashish 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is associated with significant hemodynamic changes. Though these changes are well tolerated in healthy patients, they are undesirable in patients with comorbidities like coronary artery disease, systemic hypertension, myocardial insufficiency and intracranial hypertension. Various drugs have been tried in an effort to attenuate adverse hemodynamic responses to intubation, but so far none is ideal.
Objectives: To find efficacy of low dose oral carvedilol in attenuating the hemodynamic responses to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.
Methodology: In this randomized, prospective, double-blind placebocontrolled study 80 patients of either sex aged between 18 and 60 years of age, belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) health status Classes I and II, undergoing elective surgery requiring general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation were included. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group A: given 3.125 mg of Carvedilol orally and Group B: given a placebo (Vitamin B capsule) orally one hour before intubation with sips of water. Hemodynamic parameters were noted before and then 1, 2, 5, 10, 15 min after intubation. Any adverse effects associated with drugs were noted.
Results: Both groups were well matched for their demographic data. There was a statistically significant difference (P< 0.05) between carvedilol and placebo in heart rate at all points of measurement after tracheal intubation. The systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in carvedilol group only at 5min after intubation. Diastolic and mean blood pressures were comparable in every points of measurement. None of the patients had any adverse effects.
Conclusion: Low dose carvedilol has statistically significant effect in attenuating the heart rate response to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.
Fat Saturated Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Fs-MRI) in the Evaluation of Lumbar Facet Arthrosis in Adult Patients with Low Back Pain in a Teaching Hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Khadka Roshana , Dev Binit , Bhattarai Manoj 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Facet joint arthropathy is one of the myriad of abnormalities for low back pain and since conventional Magnetic resonance Imaging detects the facet joint pathologies poorly when compared to fat suppressed MRI sequences, fat suppressed MRI promises to be contributory to proper diagnosis and management.
Objective: The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of lumbar facet joint arthrosis among patients with low back pain and comparing conventional versus fat saturated sequence in detecting the MRI findings of facet joint arthrosis.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Department of Orthopedics at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from February 15, 2020 to May 15, 2020. Ethical clearance was taken and 100 participants having low back pain were enrolled for Magnetic Resonance imaging after informed consent. Data were
Results: 57% study participants were found to have facet joint arthrosis (FJA) in their lumbar spine and on comparing the detection rate of the grades of arthrosis between the conventional and FS MRI, the difference in diagnosis of grade 2 and grade 3 changes of FJA were 87.9% and 42.9% respectively whereas no difference was found in diagnosing grade 4 changes in both the sequences. Data was entered in MS excel and analysed by SPSS.
Conclusion: This study showed that facet joint arthrosis is frequently seen in the patients presenting with low back pain and these changes are better diagnosed by fat saturated MRI sequence as compared to conventional sequence.