bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of planned surveillance for detecting second primary head and neck cancers after endoscopic resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Shinozaki Takeshi , Katada Chikatoshi , Shiga Kiyoto , Asakage Takahiro , Yokoyama Tetsuji , Yano Tomonori , Oda Ichiro , Shimizu Yuichi , Takemura Kenichi , Ishikawa Hideki , Yokoyama Akira , Muto Manabu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Second primary head and neck cancers after endoscopic resection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma adversely affect patients’ outcomes and the quality of life; however, an adequate surveillance schedule remains unclear.

Methods
We analyzed 330 patients with early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent endoscopic resection and were registered in the multicenter cohort study to evaluate adequate surveillance for detection of second primary head and neck cancers. Gastrointestinal endoscopists examined the head and neck regions after 3–6 months of endoscopic resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and subsequently every 6 months. An otolaryngologist also examined the head and neck regions at the time of endoscopic resection for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and at 12 months intervals thereafter.

Results
During the median follow-up period of 49.4 months (1.3–81.2 months), 33 second primary head and neck cancers were newly detected in 20 patients (6%). The tumor site was as follows: 22 lesions in the hypopharynx, eight lesions in the oropharynx, two lesions in larynx and one lesion in the oral cavity. The 2-year cumulative incidence rate of second primary head and neck cancers was 3.7%. Among them, 17 patients with 29 lesions were treated by transoral surgery. One patient with two synchronous lesions was treated by radiotherapy. Two lesions in two patients were not detected after biopsy. All patients were cured with preserved laryngeal function.

Conclusions
Surveillance by gastrointestinal endoscopy every 6 months and surveillance by an otolaryngologist every 12 months could detect second primary head and neck cancers at an early stage, thereby facilitating minimally invasive treatment.
Ultrastructural Analysis of Mouthparts of Adult Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) From the Brazilian Midwest Region
Authors: Fernandes Fernando de Freitas , Bahia Ana Cristina , Secundino Nágila Francinete Costa , Pimenta Paulo Filemon Paolucci 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The ultrastructure of the mouthparts of Haematobia irritans (L.) was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The morphological characteristics of the maxillary palps, labium (prementum and postmentum), labrum, hypopharynx, haustellum, and labellar lobes are described, as well as of the sensilla evidenced on all the surface of the mouthparts, and the set of different positions assumed by the mouth apparatus of this fly. Based on their morphology, 12 well-differentiated sensilla were identified, among three types of cuticular sensilla: trichoidea, coeloconica, and campaniformia. A slight sexual dimorphism in the sensilla patterns found in the mouthparts of H. irritans was evidenced. These observations are discussed with reference to the current literature on the functional morphology of sense organs of Insecta. These results could facilitate the recognition of the chemosensory sensilla by electrophysiological techniques, and foment future taxonomic and phylogenetic studies to better elucidate the evolution of Diptera, Muscomorpha.
Protection status as determinant of carbon stock drivers in Cerrado sensu stricto
Authors: Pereira Kelly Marianne Guimarães , Cordeiro Natielle Gomes , Terra Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos , Pyles Marcela Venelli , Cabacinha Christian Dias , de Mello José Márcio , van den Berg Eduardo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aims
Natural vegetation plays an important role in global carbon cycling and storage. Thus, the Cerrado (Brazilian savannah) is considered a carbon sink because of its intrinsic characteristics. Our aim was to evaluate how the aboveground biomass and biodiversity relationship change between three Cerrado remnants with different protection status: a ‘control area’ (Legal Reserve area), a protected area (PA) and a non-protected area (Non-PA).

Methods
All three studied fragments are situated in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. We estimated the aboveground carbon stocks based on the forest inventory. We also measured three dimensions of biodiversity metrics for each plot: functional trait dominance, taxonomic diversity and functional diversity. The following functional traits were evaluated for the species: wood density, maximum diameter and seed size. We carried out generalized linear models seeking to evaluate how carbon stocks, community-weighted mean (CWM) trait values, species richness and diversity, and functional diversity indices differ among the remnants.

Important Findings
The Cerrado areas without protection status had lower carbon stocks, species richness, species diversity, functional richness and functional dispersion, whereas both PA and Non-PA had lower CWM maximum diameter and seed size compared with the Legal Reserve control area. Generalized linear models showed that carbon stocks, species and functional richness metrics were correlated within and across sites, and thus, species richness could serve as a good proxy for functional richness and carbon stocks. The carbon stocks were positively driven by species richness and CWM maximum diameter, while they were negatively driven by functional dispersion. Functional richness, species diversity and CWM seed size appeared in the set of best models, but with no significant direct effect on carbon stocks. Thus, we concluded that absence of protection in the Cerrado areas decreases both species richness and carbon stocks.
The Three Hundred project: the stellar and gas profiles
Authors: Li Qingyang , Cui Weiguang , Yang Xiaohu , Rasia Elena , Dave Romeel , De Petris Marco , Knebe Alexander , Peacock John A , Pearce Frazer , Yepes Gustavo 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Using the catalogues of galaxy clusters from The Three Hundred project, modelled with both hydrodynamic simulations (gadget-x and gadget-music), and semi-analytical models (SAMs), we study the scatter and self-similarity of the profiles and distributions of the baryonic components of the clusters: the stellar and gas mass, metallicity, the stellar age, gas temperature, and the (specific) star formation rate. Through comparisons with observational results, we find that the shape and the scatter of the gas density profiles matches well the observed trends including the reduced scatter at large radii which is a signature of self-similarity suggested in previous studies. One of our simulated sets, gadget-x, reproduces well the shape of the observed temperature profile, while gadget-music has a higher and flatter profile in the cluster centre and a lower and steeper profile at large radii. The gas metallicity profiles from both simulation sets, despite following the observed trend, have a relatively lower normalization. The cumulative stellar density profiles from SAMs are in better agreement with the observed result than both hydrodynamic simulations which show relatively higher profiles. The scatter in these physical profiles, especially in the cluster centre region, shows a dependence on the cluster dynamical state and on the cool-core/non-cool-core dichotomy. The stellar age, metallicity, and (s)SFR show very large scatter, which are then presented in 2D maps. We also do not find any clear radial dependence of these properties. However, the brightest central galaxies have distinguishable features compared to the properties of the satellite galaxies.
The local Universe in the era of large surveys – I. Spectral classification of S0 galaxies
Authors: Tous J L , Solanes J M , Perea J D 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
This is the first paper in a series devoted to review the main properties of galaxies designated S0 in the Hubble classification system. Our aim is to gather abundant and, above all, robust information on the most relevant physical parameters of this poorly understood morphological type and their possible dependence on the environment, which could later be used to assess their possible formation channel(s). The adopted approach combines the characterization of the fundamental features of the optical spectra of $68\, 043$ S0 with heliocentric z ≲ 0.1 with the exploration of a comprehensive set of their global attributes. A principal component analysis is used to reduce the huge number of dimensions of the spectral data to a low-dimensional space facilitating a bias-free machine-learning-based classification of the galaxies. This procedure has revealed that objects bearing the S0 designation consist, despite their similar morphology, of two separate subpopulations with statistically inconsistent physical properties. Compared to the absorption-dominated S0, those with significant nebular emission are, on average, somewhat less massive, more luminous with less concentrated light profiles, have a younger, bluer, and metal-poorer stellar component, and avoid high-galaxy-density regions. Noteworthy is the fact that the majority of members of this latter class, which accounts for at least a quarter of the local S0 population, show star formation rates and spectral characteristics entirely similar to those seen in late spirals. Our findings suggest that star-forming S0 might be less rare than hitherto believed and raise the interesting possibility of identifying them with plausible progenitors of their quiescent counterparts.
Zinc finger protein ZFP36L1 inhibits influenza A virus through translational repression by targeting HA, M and NS RNA transcripts
Authors: Lin Ren-Jye , Huang Chih-Heng , Liu Ping-Cheng , Lin I-Chieh , Huang Yu-Ling , Chen An-Yu , Chiu Hsin-Ping , Shih Shin-Ru , Lin Li-Hsiung , Lien Shu-Pei , Yen Li-Chen , Liao Ching-Len 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
ZFP36L1, a CCCH-type zinc finger protein, is an RNA-binding protein that participates in controlling cellular mRNA abundance and turnover by posttranscriptional regulation. Here, we demonstrated that ZFP36L1 has an important role in host defense against influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Overexpression of ZFP36L1 reduced IAV replication via translational repression of HA, M and NS RNA segment transcripts. IAV infection upregulated cellular ZFP36L1 expression, and endogenous ZFP36L1 knockdown significantly enhanced IAV replication. ZFP36L1 directly binds to IAV NS1 mRNA in the cytoplasm and blocks the expression and function of NS1 protein. Mutation of CCCH-type zinc finger domains of ZFP36L1 lost its antiviral potential and NS1 mRNA binding. Thus, ZFP36L1 can act as a host innate defense by targeting HA, M and NS mRNA transcripts to suppress viral protein translation.
Picture of a pandemic: visual aids in the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Hamaguchi Ryoko , Nematollahi Saman , Minter Daniel J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
As a global crisis, COVID-19 has underscored the challenge of disseminating evidence-based public health recommendations amidst a rapidly evolving, often uncensored information ecosystem—one fueled in part by an unprecedented degree of connected afforded through social media. In this piece, we explore an underdiscussed intersection between the visual arts and public health, focusing on the use of validated infographics and other forms of visual communication to rapidly disseminate accurate public health information during the COVID-19 pandemic. We illustrate our arguments through our own experience in creating a validated infographic for patients, now disseminated through social media and other outlets across the world in nearly 20 translations. Visual communication offers a creative and practical medium to bridge critical health literacy gaps, empower diverse patient communities through evidence-based information and facilitate public health advocacy during this pandemic and the ‘new normal’ that lies ahead.
Capillary-gravity waves on the interface of two dielectric fluid layers under normal electric fields
Authors: Doak A , Gao T , Vanden-Broeck J -M , Kandola J J S 
Published: May 2020

Summary
In this article, we consider capillary-gravity waves propagating on the interface of two dielectric fluids under the influence of normal electric fields. The density of the upper fluid is assumed to be much smaller than the lower one. Linear and weakly nonlinear theories are studied. The connection to the results in other limit configurations is discussed. Fully nonlinear computations for travelling wave solutions are achieved via a boundary integral equation method. Periodic waves, solitary waves and generalised solitary waves are presented. The bifurcation of generalised solitary waves is discussed in detail.
A rare type of skeletal dysplasia resembling rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Elsayed S , Gamal R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia is a rare type of spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia that can be confused clinically and radiologically with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Precise diagnosis is essential to avoid unnecessary investigation and treatment. The disease is characterized by predominant involvement of joints with progressive limitation of movement with absence of clinical and biochemical markers of inflammation.
Here we report three children (two boys and one girl) with this rare disease. Their age of presentation ranged from 3-5 years with pain, swelling and deformities of interphalangeal joints of both hands which progressed with time to joint contractures. Other affected joints included elbows and knees. Back was involved in the oldest patient with lumbar lordosis. All three patients had short stature and normal mentality.
The patients had several misdiagnoses before referral to the genetics clinic including rheumatoid arthritis and Morquio syndrome which was excluded by proper investigations.
In conclusion, Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia can be confused with Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis as well as other MPS diseases, both clinically and radiologically. Early diagnosis is mandatory to avoid associated disabilities and to avoid unnecessary investigations and treatment
Contrast Enhanced Mammography: The added value in the assessment of Suspicious Breast Lesions
Authors: Abdullah R , Abdelmonem L , Nasry N , Ayoub M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer in women is a major public health problem throughout the world, being the second most common cancer worldwide. Sonomammography has been always recommended as the basic breast imaging modality for early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. Some malignant tumors have been missed, specially in dense breasts, and high false-negative rate have been reported. Contrast enhanced spectral mammography is a new modality, used to depict the tumor vascularity and neoangiogenesis; a classic sign of malignant tumors.

Aim of Work
The purpose of this study is to determine the added value of dual energy contrast mammography to sono-mammography in the assessment of suspicious breast lesions.

Patients and Methods
36 patients were included in the study, referred from outpatient clinics in private settings and from Demerdash Hospitals. Contrast enhanced spectral mammography CESM was performed by using a digital mammography unit (Seno DS; GE, Buc, France) that had been adapted to obtain two images for each view: a low-energy image (below the k edge of iodine, 33.2 keV) and a high-energy image (above the k edge of iodine) at 45 to 49 kVp.
Results: CEDM versus sonomammography shows p (0.021) value less than 0.05. Also the area under the ROC curve was higher for MX+CEDM (94.4%) than that was for sonomammography (63.8%) compared to pathology analysis with 100% sensitivity, 88.2 % specificity, 90.48 %PPV and 100 % NPV in diagnosis of suspicious lesions.

Conclusion
The diagnostic accuracy of CEDM+ MX for the detection of breast carcinoma has proven to be superior to sonomammography alone. CEDM had a better diagnostic accuracy mainly due to improved positive and negative predictive values (Positive predictive value about 90.48, negative predictive value 100). The role of CEDM in detection of multifocal / multicentric carcinomas with particular interest for the assessment of the extent of disease specially in dense breasts is appreciated.
Role of magnetic resonance in evaluation of anterior knee pain
Authors: Abdalraowf M , Derwaish E A , Osman A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The knee joint is one of the most commonly injured joints in the body. Because of its complex structure, this joint is subjected to numerous pathologies and due to the recent increase in various sport activities, there has been a parallel increase in sport-induced internal derangements of the knee. Acute knee pain is the most common complaint of the knee joint, which can be secondary to a variety of etiologies.

Aim of the Work
To review several of the most common causes of AKP, with emphasis on their MRI findings with the goal of allowing more accurate diagnosis and grading of some of the most common pathologies, for understanding, better treatment and improvement of this common complaint.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted on in Ain Shams university hospitals and other private centers on 32 patients with ages ranging between 10-60 years. All presented by anterior knee pain and were referred to radiology department for MRI examination after orthopedic consultation.

Results
The majority of patients are female (63%) and the symptom most commonly occurs in the second and third decades of life.

Conclusion
MRI is generally safe, accurate, and specific modality which has been proven to be the modality of choice in the diagnosis of different knee pathologies that cause anterior knee pain in different age groups. Also it has a high specification in detecting the grades and types of some of these diseases or factors predispose to them as patella alta and trochlear dysplasia.
Role of Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Assessment of Müllerian Duct Anomalies
Authors: Ali S B , Salama A M , Mahmoud Z A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Müllerian duct anomalies (MDAs) occur as a result from abnormal development of the uterus, cervix, and upper vagina. Many classification systems are presented, aiming to provide a more suitable and accurate categorization of female genital anomalies. Ultrasonography (US), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), or a combination of both are considered the gold standard in evaluation of uterine anomalies.

Aim of the Work
The main purpose of the study is to determine the diagnostic role of MRI and US in assessment of Müllerian duct anomalies and its subtypes.

Patients and Methods
This prospective analytical study was conducted at 14 patients suspected to have MDAs at Al-Demerdash Hospital-Ain Shams University in the period from September 2017 to May 2018, Their ages ranged from 15-40 year-old. All cases underwent Pelvic U/S and MRI, findings were correlated with laparoscopy.

Results
In this study the Mullerian duct anomalies were categorized into four groups: (a) congenital absence of the Müllerian ducts, or the Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (n = 8), (b) disorders of vertical fusion (n = 1),(c) disorders of lateral fusion (n = 3) and (d) MDAs mimics(n = 2).MRI allowed correct diagnosis of 14 uterine anomalies (accuracy 100%) whereas US was correct in 13 out of 14 cases (accuracy 92.8%).

Conclusion
Two dimensional ultrasound stands as the first imaging modality of choice. MRI remains the reference imaging modality in diagnosis of Mullerian anomalies and it is subtypes and should be preserved for doubtful or complex cases.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Including Diffusion- Weighted MRI Imaging in Characterization of Parotid Gland Tumors
Authors: Elgaafary S M , Darwish E A , Hussein D Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland and parotid cancer accounts for 5% of the incidence rate of all head and neck tumors and 80% the salivary gland tumors. Benign tumors account for 80–85% and malignant tumors account for 15–20%. About 25% of untreated parotid pleomorphic adenoma shows malignant degeneration after a long history of disease, especially in multiple pleomorphic adenoma, but Warthin’s tumors are rarely malignant, with a rate of less than 1%.

Objectives
This review aim to assess the role of magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion weighted MR Imaging in diagnosis and characterization of parotid gland tumors.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, Science Direct. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2018.

Study Selection
This search presented 70 articles. The articles studied the role of MRI and diffusion weighted image in parotid tumors and to purify the most recent studies in this field.

Data Extraction
If the studies did not fulfill the inclusion criteria, they were excluded. Study quality assessment included whether ethical approval was gained, eligibility criteria specified, appropriate controls, and adequate information and defined assessment measures.

Data Synthesis
Comparisons were made by structured review with the results tabulated.

Conclusion
The combination of conventional MR imaging with advanced multiparametric MR assessment can enable accurate characterization of parotid gland tumors non –invasively.
Role of diffusion weighted MR imaging in diagnosis of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Sabry K A A , Kamel O F , Ahmed A Y , Abuzeid H M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Purpose
to assess the role of Diffusion-weighted MRI in diagnosis of acute pancreatitis by measure the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values detected by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in acute pancreatitis and compare them with the control group

Methods and Material
sixteen patients with acute pancreatitis and sixteen normal controls underwent DWI with b values (0,200 & 800). Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps are generated from DWI and ADC values were calculated for pancreas and compared the results between the two groups

Results
The mean pancreatic ADC in the AP group (1.17 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s ± 0.2) was significantly lower than in the normal group (1.6 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s ± 0.32). There was no significant difference in mean ADCs between each of the pancreatic segments in the controls. A threshold ADC value of 1.38 × 10-3 mm(2)/s yielded a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 87% for detecting acute pancreatitis. Pancreatic ADCs are significantly lower in patients with AP than normal controls.

Conclusion
MR diffusion imaging could be an important supportive tool in diagnosis of acute pancreatitis
Role of Ultrasound-Guided Platelet Rich Plasma Injection in Treatment of Chronic Rotator Cuff Muscles Tendinopathy
Authors: Nassef M A , Allam A E , Mohammed H M N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
shoulder pain is the third most common musculoskeletal complaint. And rotator cuff muscles tendinopathy is one of the most common causes for shoulder pain.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the effectiveness of the percutaneous ultrasound guided PRP injection in improving or treating chronic Rotator Cuff muscles tendinopathy.

Patients and Methods
this study was conducted on 33 patients presented to Police Hospital Nasr City and diagnosed as cases of rotator cuff tendinopathy for more than 6 months and not responding to NSAIDs.

Results
there is high significant improvement of the ultrasound findings and clinical manifestations of patients as regard pain, range of motion and power comparing to the base line start. According to this study, PRP was found to be more effective on the long term then short term “comparing results after one and five month”.

Conclusion
ultrasound guided PRP injection is a safe and an effective treatment modality for rotator cuff tendinopathy as evidenced by decreased pain and improved range of motion across the shoulder joint after the application and follow up of the PRP.