bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of parental genetic divergence on gene expression patterns in interspecific hybrids of Camellia
Authors: Zhang Min , Tang Yi-Wei , Qi Ji , Liu Xin-Kai , Yan Dan-Feng , Zhong Nai-Sheng , Tao Nai-Qi , Gao Ji-Yin , Wang Yu-Guo , Song Zhi-Ping , Yang Ji , Zhang Wen-Ju 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The merging of two divergent genomes during hybridization can result in the remodeling of parental gene expression in hybrids. A molecular basis underling expression change in hybrid is regulatory divergence, which may change with the parental genetic divergence. However, there still no unanimous conclusion for this hypothesis.

Results
Three species of Camellia with a range of genetic divergence and their F1 hybrids were used to study the effect of parental genetic divergence on gene expression and regulatory patterns in hybrids by RNA-sequencing and allelic expression analysis. We found that though the proportion of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the hybrids and their parents did not increase, a greater proportion of DEGs would be non-additively (especially transgressively) expressed in the hybrids as genomes between the parents become more divergent. In addition, the proportion of genes with significant evidence of cis-regulatory divergence increased, whereas with trans-regulatory divergence decreased with parental genetic divergence.

Conclusions
The discordance within hybrid would intensify as the parents become more divergent, manifesting as more DEGs would be non-additively expressed. Trans-regulatory divergence contributed more to the additively inherited genes than cis, however, its contribution to expression difference would be weakened as cis mutations accumulated over time; and this might be an important reason for that the more divergent the parents are, the greater proportion of DEGs would be non-additively expressed in hybrid.
Newly isolated lactic acid bacteria from silage targeting biofilms of foodborne pathogens during milk fermentation
Authors: Gavrilova Elizaveta , Anisimova Elizaveta , Gabdelkhadieva Alsu , Nikitina Elena , Vafina Adel , Yarullina Dina , Bogachev Mikhail , Kayumov Airat 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Raw milk, meat and plant materials are subjected to high risks of contamination by various pathogenic bacteria and thus their growth prevention is a great challenge in the food industry. Food fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) besides changing its organoleptic characteristics also helps to eliminate unfavorable microflora and represses growth of pathogens. To the date only few LABs has been reported to exhibit activity against bacteria embedded in the biofilms characterized by extreme resistance to antimicrobials, high exchange rate with resistance genes and represent high risk factor for foodborne disease development.

Results
Six novel LAB strains isolated from the clover silage exhibited pronounced antibacterial activity against biofilm embedded pathogens. We show explicitly that these strains demonstrate high acidification rate, completely repress the growth of E. coli, S. aureus and to a lesser extent P. aeruginosa as well as exhibit appropriate probiotic and milk-fermenting properties. Moreover, in contrast to the approved probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum 8PA3, the new isolates were able to efficiently eradicate preformed biofilms of these pathogens and prevent bacterial spreading originating from the biofilm. We suggest these strains as potential additives to the pre-cultures of conventional LAB strains as efficient tools targeting foodborne pathogens in order to prevent food contamination from either seeded raw material or biofilm-fouled equipment.

Conclusions
The AG10 strain identified as L. plantarum demonstrate attractive probiotic and milk fermentation properties as well as high resistance to simulated gastric conditions thus appearing perspective as a starter culture for the prevention of bacterial contamination originating from fouled equipment during milk fermentation.
Isocitrate lyase plays important roles in plant salt tolerance
Authors: Yuenyong Worawat , Sirikantaramas Supaart , Qu Li-Jia , Buaboocha Teerapong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIsocitrate lyase (ICL) is a key enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle. In a previous study in rice, the expression of the ICL-encoding gene (OsICL) was highly induced by salt stress and its expression was enhanced in transgenic rice lines overexpressingOsCam1–1, a calmodulin (CaM)-encoding gene. CaM has been implicated in salt tolerance mechanisms in plants; however, the cellular mechanisms mediated by CaM are not clearly understood. In this study, the role ofOsICLin plant salt tolerance mechanisms and the possible involvement of CaM were investigated using transgenic plants expressingOsICLorOsCam1–1.ResultsOsICLwas highly expressed in senesced leaf and significantly induced by salt stress in threeOsCam1–1overexpressing transgenic rice lines as well as in wild type (WT). In WT young leaf, althoughOsICLexpression was not affected by salt stress, all three transgenic lines exhibited highly induced expression levels. In Arabidopsis, salt stress had negative effects on germination and seedling growth of theAtICLknockout mutant (Aticlmutant). To examine the roles ofOsICLwe generated the following transgenic Arabidopsis lines: theAticlmutant expressingOsICLdriven by the nativeAtICLpromoter, theAticlmutant overexpressingOsICLdriven by the 35SCaMV promoter, and WT overexpressingOsICLdriven by the 35SCaMV promoter. Under salt stress, the germination rate and seedling fresh and dry weights of theOsICL-expressing lines were higher than those of theAticlmutant, and the two lines with theiclmutant background were similar to the WT. TheFv/Fmand temperature of rosette leaves in theOsICL-expressing lines were less affected by salt stress than they were in theAticlmutant. Finally, glucose and fructose contents of theAticlmutant under salt stress were highest, whereas those ofOsICL-expressing lines were similar to or lower than those of the WT.ConclusionsOsICL, a salt-responsive gene, was characterized in the transgenic Arabidopsis lines, revealing thatOsICLexpression could revert the salt sensitivity phenotypes of theAticlknockout mutant. This work provides novel evidence that supports the role of ICL in plant salt tolerance through the glyoxylate cycle and the possible involvement ofOsCam1–1in regulating its transcription.
Human cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and titres in solid organ transplant recipients and transplant donors in Seoul, South Korea
Authors: La Yeonju , Kwon Da Eun , Yoo Seul Gi , Lee Kyoung Hwa , Han Sang Hoon , Song Yong Goo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause poor outcomes in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients; moreover, it is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the general population. Accordingly, anti-HCMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroepidemiology may be useful in identifying the risk of post-SOT HCMV infection or disease as well as immunosenescence or CVD. However, HCMV seroprevalence and titre have not been fully evaluated with regard to age distribution or compared between SOT recipients and healthy individuals in South Korea.

Methods
We retrospectively retrieved all unduplicated anti-HCMV IgG results of individuals aged > 1 year evaluated between July 2006 and November 2017 at Severance Hospital in Seoul. The cohort, excluding haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and subjects with equivocal values, included 2184 SOT recipients and 3015 healthy transplant donors. All IgG results in the SOT recipients were measured during the pre-transplant period.

Results
The overall IgG seroprevalence and titres were significantly higher among SOT recipients than among healthy donors (98.7% vs. 88.6%, p < 0.001, and 64.7 ± 44.3 vs. 49.8 ± 20.6 arbitrary units/mL, p < 0.001, respectively). The lowest seropositive rate in the SOT group was observed in recipients aged between 11 and 15 years (70.6%). The frequency of seropositivity among adults aged ≥41 years increased to ≥90% in SOT recipients and healthy donors. Age was independently associated with higher HCMV seroprevalence (41–60 years, OR, 76.4, 95% CI, 24.5–238.9, p < 0.001; ≥ 61 years, OR, 4.4, 95% CI, 1.3–14.9, p < 0.001, compared to ≤40 years). The healthy donor group had an independently low HCMV seropositive rate (OR, 0.1, 95% CI, 0.1–0.2, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
HCMV seropositivity was the lowest among school-aged children and adolescents. IgG testing revealed an intermediate serostatus risk of post-transplant HCMV infection and disease for most adult SOT recipients in South Korea.
A changing profile of infective endocarditis at a tertiary hospital in China: a retrospective study from 2001 to 2018
Authors: Ren Zuning , Mo Xichao , Chen Hongjie , Peng Jie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a lethal disease which has been changing significantly over the past decades; however, information about IE in China remains scarce. This study surveyed the changes in clinical characteristics of IE at a tertiary hospital in south China over a period of nearly 18 years.

Methods
Medical records with IE patients consecutively hospitalized between June 2001 and June 2018 were selected from the electronic medical records system in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University. Data were divided by admission time into two groups equally: early-period group, June 2001 to December 2009 and later-period group, January 2010 to July 2018.

Results
A Total of 313 IE patients were included in our study. Compared with the early-period group, patients in the later-period group included fewer intravenous drug users (IVDUs), older age at onset, reduced development of pulmonary embolism, less renal dysfunction, decreased proportion of Staphylococcus aureus infection and fewer vegetations observed in the right heart by echocardiography. The later-period group also showed a higher proportion of ischemic strokes and higher proportion of positive microbiological findings compared with the early-period group. The in-hospital mortality remained about the same between the two periods and the multivariate analysis identified intravenous drug addicted, prosthetic valve endocarditis, hemorrhagic stroke, acute congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, left-sided endocarditis, early surgical as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated a dramatic change in the profile of IE over a period of 18 years at a tertiary hospital in south China and presented several independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. The geographic variations observed in our study will be of important value to profile the clinical feature of China and offer the reference for clinical decisions in our region.
Isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy from internal carotid artery dissection related to PKD-1 gene mutation
Authors: Chen Zhaoyao , Yuan Jun , Li Hui , Yuan Cuiping , Yin Kailin , Liang Sen , Li Pengfei , Wu Minghua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Internal carotid artery dissection has been well recognized as a major cause of ischaemic stroke in young and middle-aged adults. However, internal carotid artery dissection induced hypoglossal nerve palsy has been seldom reported and may be difficult to diagnose in time for treatment; even angiography sometimes misses potential dissection, especially when obvious lumen geometry changing is absent.

Case presentation
We report a 42-year-old man who presented with isolated hypoglossal nerve palsy. High-resolution MRI showed the aetiological dissected internal carotid artery. In addition, a potential genetic structural defect of the arterial wall was suggested due to an exon region mutation in the polycystic-kidney-disease type 1 gene.

Conclusions
Hypoglossal nerve palsy is a rare manifestations of carotid dissection. High-resolution MRI may provide useful information about the vascular wall to assist in the diagnosis of dissection. High-throughput sequencing might be useful to identify potential cerebrovascular-related gene mutation, especially in young individuals with an undetermined aetiology.
Cooperation of Dnmt3a R878H with Nras G12D promotes leukemogenesis in knock-in mice: a pilot study
Authors: Shi Xiaodong , Yang Ying , Shang Siqi , Wu Songfang , Zhang Weina , Peng Lijun , Huang Ting , Zhang Ruihong , Ren Ruibao , Mi Jianqing , Wang Yueying 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
DNMT3A R882H, a frequent mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), plays a critical role in malignant hematopoiesis. Recent findings suggest that DNMT3A mutant acts as a founder mutation and requires additional genetic events to induce full-blown AML. Here, we investigated the cooperation of mutant DNMT3A and NRAS in leukemogenesis by generating a double knock-in (DKI) mouse model harboring both Dnmt3a R878H and Nras G12D mutations.

Methods
DKI mice with both Dnmt3a R878H and Nras G12D mutations were generated by crossing Dnmt3a R878H knock-in (KI) mice and Nras G12D KI mice. Routine blood test, flow cytometry analysis and morphological analysis were performed to determine disease phenotype. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), RT-PCR and Western blot were carried out to reveal the molecular mechanism.

Results
The DKI mice developed a more aggressive AML with a significantly shortened lifespan and higher percentage of blast cells compared with KI mice expressing Dnmt3a or Nras mutation alone. RNA-seq analysis showed that Dnmt3a and Nras mutations collaboratively caused abnormal expression of a series of genes related to differentiation arrest and growth advantage. Myc transcription factor and its target genes related to proliferation and apoptosis were up-regulated, thus contributing to promote the process of leukemogenesis.

Conclusion
This study showed that cooperation of DNMT3A mutation and NRAS mutation could promote the onset of AML by synergistically disturbing the transcriptional profiling with Myc pathway involvement in DKI mice.
A single exercise session improves side-effects of chemotherapy in women with breast cancer: an observational study
Authors: Johnsson Anna , Demmelmaier Ingrid , Sjövall Katarina , Wagner Philippe , Olsson Håkan , Tornberg Åsa B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo measure changes in four common chemotherapy related side-effects (low energy, stress, nausea and pain) immediately after a single exercise session within the first week after treatment.MethodsThirty-eight patients with chemotherapy-treated breast cancer, participating in a multi-centre randomised controlled study, thePhysical Training and Cancer study (Phys-Can)were included in this sub-study. The Phys-Can intervention included endurance and resistance training. Before and after a single training session (endurance or resistance) within the first week of chemotherapy, energy and stress were measured with the Stress-Energy Questionnaire during Leisure Time, and nausea and pain were assessed using a Visual Analog Scale 0–10. Paired t-tests were performed to analyse the changes, and linear regression was used to analyse associations with potential predictors.ResultsThirty-eight participants performed 26 endurance training sessions and 31 resistance training sessions in the first week after chemotherapy. Energy and nausea improved significantly after endurance training, and energy, stress and nausea improved significantly after resistance training. Energy increased (p = 0.03 and 0.001) and nausea decreased (p = 0.006 and 0.034) immediately after a single session of endurance or resistance training, and stress decreased (p = 0.014) after resistance exercise.ConclusionsBoth endurance and resistance training were followed by an immediate improvement of common chemotherapy-related side-effects in patients with breast cancer. Patients should be encouraged to exercise even if they suffer from fatigue or nausea during chemotherapy.Trial registrationNCT02473003, June 16, 2015.
Study protocol for a parallel-group, double-blinded, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial: the effect and safety of hybrid electroconvulsive therapy (Hybrid-ECT) compared with routine electroconvulsive therapy in patients with depression
Authors: Rong Han , Xu Shu-xian , Zeng Jing , Yang Ying-jia , Zhao Jie , Lai Wen-tao , Chen Li-chang , Deng Wen-feng , Zhang Xiangyang , Zhang Ying-li , Li Min-zhi , Xiao Li , Xie Xin-hui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most rapid and effective treatment for patients with depression, ECT can achieve remarkable antidepressant effects in the initial 3–4 sessions, but significant side effects limit its use. However, recent low-charge electrotherapy (LCE) studies have demonstrated antidepressant or antipsychotic effects with significantly fewer side effects. The aim of this study is to propose a novel two-step charge set strategy for ECT treatment, referred to as Hybrid-ECT, to decrease side effects by using a low charge while preserving treatment efficacy.

Methods/design
A randomized, double-blinded, standard-controlled, parallel-group design will be carried out. We plan to enroll 112 inpatients diagnosed with depression (unipolar or bipolar) and randomly assign them to conventional ECT (control group) or to Hybrid-ECT (treatment group, 3 ECT sessions followed by LCE sessions (approximately 2.8 joules per session)). We will evaluate participants across a wide variety of domains including clinical symptoms, cognitive, psychological and functional metrics. We will also perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and event-related potential (ERPs) assessments during treatment to explore brain function differences between ECT and LCE.

Discussion
This research proposes a simple but completely novel ECT strategy that aims to rapidly relieve depressive symptoms and minimize side effects. The mechanism of ECT and LCE will be further discussed.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Number: ChiCTR1900022905 (Registration date: April 30, 2019).
Social-ecological correlates of accelerometer-measured occupational sitting among Japanese desk-based workers
Authors: Kurita Satoshi , Shibata Ai , Ishii Kaori , Koohsari Mohammad Javad , Oka Koichiro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Although the main targets for reducing workplace sedentary behavior have been clarified, only a few studies have examined the association between social-ecological factors and workplace sedentary behavior for effective intervention. The present study aimed to examine the social-ecological factors of workplace sedentary behavior among Japanese sedentary workers.

Methods
Participants were recruited via a cross-sectional mail survey targeting randomly sampled 6000 middle-aged people dwelling in Matsuyama-city and Koto-ku in Japan. Participants answered a questionnaire on social-ecological factors, recorded their work time in a diary, and wore a triaxial accelerometer during waking time for 7 consecutive days. Workplace sedentary behavior was measured using accelerometer and was referred to as the work time in the recorded diary. Full-time workers who had mainly sitting work and valid accelerometer data were included in the analysis. Workplace sedentary variables were sedentary breaks per sedentary hour, sedentary time, and ≥ 30 min bouts of sedentary time. The associations between each sedentary variable and social-ecological factors were explored by conducting three multiple linear regression analyses adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors.

Results
A total of 227 participants (133 men, mean age 49.9 ± 6.9 years) were included in the analysis. In the overall sample, “typically seeing work colleagues take sedentary breaks” was significantly associated with more sedentary breaks (B [95% confidence interval {CI}=1.40 [0.07 to 2.73]) and shorter ≥30-min bouts of sedentary time (B [95% CI] = −7.08 [−13.75 to −0.40]). “I am motivated to take sedentary breaks” had an unfavorable association with less sedentary breaks (B [95% CI] = −1.36 [−2.61 to −0.12]) and longer sedentary time (B [95% CI] = 4.15 [0.29 to 8.00]). In male workers, “Too stressed to take sedentary breaks” was significantly associated with less sedentary breaks (B [95% CI] = −5.6 [−9.17 to −2.02]).

Conclusions
Seeing work colleagues take sedentary breaks may be important for reducing workplace sedentary behavior. Those who are more sedentary are motivated to take sedentary breaks. Male workers who feel the need to take sedentary breaks at work are more sedentary.
Implantation of 125I radioactive seeds via c-TBNA combined with chemotherapy in an advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma patient
Authors: Jiang Ai-Gui , Lu Hui-Yu , Ding Zhong-Qi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The critical management of advanced non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), especially when complicated by severe airway stenosis, is difficult and often leads to high clinical risks and medical costs.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old previously healthy male was admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou People’s Hospital, in November 2018 for haemoptysis and difficulty breathing during a 15-d period. Following admission, chest computed tomography (CT) showed a large mass in the left hilum with atelectasis in the left upper lobe and obstructive pneumonia in the left lower lobe. Bronchoscopy revealed that the lesions occurred in the distal segment of the left main trachea, with occlusion of the left upper bronchus and significant narrowing of the lower bronchus. A basal mucosal biopsy of the lump tissue was performed after haemostasis treatment with sub-plasma coagulation (APC), and squamous lung carcinoma was confirmed. Following the final diagnosis, the patient was successfully treated with implantation of 125I radioactive seeds via transbronchial needle aspiration (c-TBNA) combined with chemotherapy.

Conclusion
We believe that implantation of 125I radioactive seeds via c-TBNA is an effective treatment for patients with advanced lung cancer and those presenting with severe and mixed main bronchus stenosis.
Rapid generation and selection of Cas9-engineering TRP53 R172P mice that do not have off-target effects
Authors: Zheng Guoxing , Zhu Qingqing , Dong Junchao , Lin Xin , Zhu Chengming 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Genetic mutations cause severe human diseases, and suitable animal models to study the regulatory mechanisms involved are required. The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful, highly efficient and easily manipulated tool for genetic modifications. However, utilization of CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce point mutations and the exclusion of off-target effects in mice remain challenging. TP53-R175 is one of the most frequently mutated sites in human cancers, and it plays crucial roles in human diseases, including cancers and diabetes.

Results
Here, we generated TRP53-R172P mutant mice (C57BL/6 J, corresponding to TP53-R175P in humans) using a single microinjection of the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The optimal parameters comprised gRNA selection, donor designation (silent mutations within gRNA region), the concentration of CRISPR components and the cellular sites of injection. TRP53-R172P conversion was genetically and functionally confirmed. Combination of TA cloning and Sanger sequencing helped identify the correctly targeted mice as well as the off-target effects in the engineered mice, which provide us a strategy to select the on-target mice without off-target effects quickly and efficiently.

Conclusions
A single injection of the this optimized CRISPR/Cas9 system can be applied to introduce particular mutations in the genome of mice without off-target effects to model various human diseases.