bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Variasi Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair dari Limbah Ikan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Zahroh Fatimatuz , Kusrinah Kusrinah , Setyawati Siti Mukhlishoh 
Published: November 2019

Limbah ikan merupakan salah satu limbah yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Potensi limbah ikan berupa <em>jeroan </em>dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik cair karena masih mengandung unsur hara yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Pupuk organik cair merupakan salah satu pupuk yang dapat digunakan untuk tanaman holtikultura seperti tanaman cabai merah (<em>Capsicum annum</em> L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan pemberian variasi konsentrasi pupuk organik cair dari limbah ikan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman cabai merah <em>(Capsicum annum</em> L<em>.)</em>. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 5 perlakuan 4 ulangan sehingga ada 20 unit eksperimen dan ditempatkan secara acak yaitu pupuk 0% (P1), pupuk 3,5% (P2), pupuk 4% (P3), pupuk 4,5% (P4), dan pupuk 5% (P5). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tiga parameter pertumbuhan yaitu jumlah daun, diameter batang, dan tinggi tanaman. Teknis analisis data menggunakan <em>One-way ANOVA</em> dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dan uji lanjutan Duncan. Hasil uji <em>One-way ANOVA</em> pada pertumbuhan jumlah daun tanaman cabai merah adalah F<sub>hitung </sub>sebesar 6,770 dan F<sub>tabel</sub> yaitu 3,06 (F<sub>hitung</sub> &gt; F<sub>tabel</sub>). Hasil uji <em>One-way ANOVA</em> pada pertumbuhan tinggi batang adalah F<sub>hitung </sub>sebesar 5,267 dan F<sub>tabel</sub> yaitu 3,06 (F<sub>hitung</sub> &gt; F<sub>tabel</sub>). Hasil uji <em>One-way ANOVA</em> pada pertumbuhan diameter batang tanaman cabai merah adalah F<sub>hitung </sub>sebesar 2,770 dan F<sub>tabel</sub> yaitu 3,06 (F<sub>hitung</sub> &lt; F<sub>tabel</sub>). Uji lanjutan Duncan menunjukkan pada perlakuan konsentrasi 4,5 % (P4) menunjukkan perbedaan yang paling signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan jumlah daun dan tinggi batang tanaman cabai merah.
Efektivitas Antifungi Ekstrak Daun Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia hirta) Terhadap Jamur Penyebab Kandidiasis (Candida albicans)
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Muthiadin Cut , Nur Fatmawati , Rukmana Rusmadi 
Published: November 2019

<em>Candidiasis is an infectious disease caused by the fungus Candida albicans. This study aims to determine the effect of patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta) leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. This research is an experimental study which was compiled using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) by giving Patikan Kebo (E. hirta) leaf extract in several concentrations, the concentrations of 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, and 60% and controls (aquadest) and C. albicans mushroom with three repetitions. The parameters measured are the amount of inhibitory diameter formed around the paper discs in the 24 hour and 48 hour period. D ata obtained with three repetitions and observations of 24 hours and 48 hours showed that giving patikan kebo leaf extract in several types of concentration had an effect on inhibiting the growth and fungi of C . albicans. Furthermore, the data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (F-test) at the level of α 0.05 and continued using the Smallest Significant Difference (LSD) α 0.05 where the results showed that the giving of patikan kebo extract significantly affected the microbial growth test (C. albicans), where the higher the concentration of patikan kebo leaf extract, the greater the inhibition zone formed around the paper disk. </em>
Economic and environmental impact analysis of ammoniacal nitrogen removal from landfill leachate using sequencing batch reactor: a case study from Czech Republic
Authors: Badri Narayan R. , Zargham B. I. , Ngambia Audrey , Riyanto Arlieza R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLany landfill, located in the Czech Republic, generates around 10 m3/d of leachate, heavily polluted with ammoniacal nitrogen, heavy metals and salts, which needs to be treated onsite in order to minimize their effect on the ecosystem and on human health. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was designed for ammoniacal nitrogen removal from the leachate and the economic feasibility and environmental impact of the designed SBR was assessed. From the cost-benefit analysis, capital expenditure (CAPEX) of 33,500 €/year and operational expenditure (OPEX) of 13,521 €/year were estimated. A shadow price concept tool was used to calculate the environmental benefit as 21,000 €/year. The net present value of the project was evaluated to be 19,528 € with an internal rate of return of 21.6%. For environmental assessment, triple bottom line (TBL) analysis on the existing practice of discharging the leachate to a nearby wastewater treatment plant and on-site treatment using SBR was performed. The total score for existing practice was calculated to be 55.1% while for on-site treatment it was 59.6%. Based on the results it was concluded that on-site treatment is both economically and environmentally feasible. A mitigation plan was also prepared for the impacts identified in the environmental assessment.
Case study of the cascading effects on critical infrastructure in Torbay coastal/pluvial flooding with climate change and 3D visualisation
Authors: Gibson M. J. , Chen A. S. , Khoury M. , Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia L. S. , Stewart D. , Wood M. , Savić D. A. , Djordjević S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Critical infrastructures (CIs) are commonly designed, built and maintained based on rigorous standards in order to withstand the climate and weather-related pressures. However, shifts in climate characteristics may result in increases of the magnitude and frequency of potential risks, or expose specific CI to new or increased risks not previously considered. As vital components of the normal functioning of modern societies, their resilience encompasses the operational elements, their structural integrity and the capacity to maximise business output under climate stressors. In this work, we apply an integrated and participatory methodological approach to assess the risk and enhance the resilience of interconnected CIs to urban flooding under climate change. The proposed methodology has been applied to an extended case study in Torbay to extend previous works, which seeks to protect coastal communities from future events through using the proposed methodology to justify future investment in coastal defences, as a part of the validation of EU-CIRCLE projects developed methodologies.
Knowledge-based multi-objective genetic algorithms for the design of water distribution networks
Authors: Johns Matthew B. , Keedwell Edward , Savic Dragan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Water system design problems are complex and difficult to optimise. It has been demonstrated that involving engineering expertise is required to tackle real-world problems. This paper presents two engineering inspired hybrid evolutionary algorithms (EAs) for the multi-objective design of water distribution networks. The heuristics are developed from traditional design approaches of practicing engineers and integrated into the mutation operator of a multi-objective EA. The first engineering inspired heuristic is designed to identify hydraulic bottlenecks within the network and eliminate them with a view to speeding up the algorithm's search to the feasible solution space. The second heuristic is based on the notion that pipe diameters smoothly transition from large, at the source, to small at the extremities of the network. The performance of the engineering inspired hybrid EAs is compared with Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II and assessed on three networks of varying complexity, two benchmarks and one real-world network. The experiments presented in this paper demonstrate that the incorporation of engineering expertise can improve EA performance, often producing superior solutions both in terms of mathematical optimality and also engineering feasibility.
An Insightful 10-year Recollection Since the Emergence of the 5-steps Rule
Authors: Chou Kuo-Chen 
Published: November 2019

Objective:One of the most challenging and also the most difficult problems is how to formulate a biological sequence with a vector but considerably keep its sequence order information.Methods:To address such a problem, the approach of Pseudo Amino Acid Components or PseAAC has been developed.Results and Conclusion:It has become increasingly clear via the 10-year recollection that the aforementioned proposal has been indeed very powerful.
A Spectral Rotation Method with Triplet Periodicity Property for Planted Motif Finding Problems
Authors: Wang Xun , Wang Shudong , Song Tao 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Genes are known as functional patterns in the genome and are presumed
to have biological significance. They can indicate binding sites for transcription factors and they
encode certain proteins. Finding genes from biological sequences is a major task in computational
biology for unraveling the mechanisms of gene expression.

Objective:
Planted motif finding problems are a class of mathematical models abstracted from the
process of detecting genes from genome, in which a specific gene with a number of mutations is
planted into a randomly generated background sequence, and then gene finding algorithms can be
tested to check if the planted gene can be found in feasible time.

Method:
In this work, a spectral rotation method based on triplet periodicity property is proposed
to solve planted motif finding problems.

Results:
The proposed method gives significant tolerance of base mutations in genes. Specifically,
genes having a number of substitutions can be detected from randomly generated background
sequences. Experimental results on genomic data set from Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveal that
genes can be visually distinguished. It is proposed that genes with about 50% mutations can be
detected from randomly generated background sequences.

Conclusion:
It is found that with about 5 insertions or deletions, this method fails in finding the
planted genes. For a particular case, if the deletion of bases is located at the beginning of the gene,
that is, bases are not randomly deleted, then the tolerance of the method for base deletion is
increased.
New Computational Tool Based on Machine-learning Algorithms for the Identification of Rhinovirus Infection-Related Genes
Authors: Xu Yan , Zhang Yu-Hang , Li JiaRui , Pan Xiao Y. , Huang Tao , Cai Yu-Dong 
Published: November 2019

Background:Human rhinovirus has different identified serotypes and is the most common cause of cold in humans. To date, many genes have been discovered to be related to rhinovirus infection. However, the pathogenic mechanism of rhinovirus is difficult to elucidate through experimental approaches due to the high cost and consuming time.Method and Results:In this study, we presented a novel approach that relies on machine-learning algorithms and identified two genes OTOF and SOCS1. The expression levels of these genes in the blood samples can be used to accurately distinguish virus-infected and non-infected individuals.Conclusion:Our findings suggest the crucial roles of these two genes in rhinovirus infection and the robustness of the computational tool in dissecting pathogenic mechanisms.
Computational Identification of piRNAs Using Features Based on RNA Sequence, Structure, Thermodynamic and Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Monga Isha , Banerjee Indranil 
Published: November 2019

Rationale:
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a recently-discovered class of small noncoding
RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of 21-35 nucleotides. They play a role in gene expression regulation,
transposon silencing, and viral infection inhibition. Once considered as “dark matter” of
ncRNAs, piRNAs emerged as important players in multiple cellular functions in different organisms.
However, our knowledge of piRNAs is still very limited as many piRNAs have not been yet identified
due to lack of robust computational predictive tools.

Methods:
To identify novel piRNAs, we developed piRNAPred, an integrated framework for piRNA
prediction employing hybrid features like k-mer nucleotide composition, secondary structure, thermodynamic
and physicochemical properties. A non-redundant dataset (D3349 or D1684p+1665n) comprising
1684 experimentally verified piRNAs and 1665 non-piRNA sequences was obtained from piRBase
and NONCODE, respectively. These sequences were subjected to the computation of various sequence-
structure based features in binary format and trained using different machine learning techniques,
of which support vector machine (SVM) performed the best.

Results:
During the ten-fold cross-validation approach (10-CV), piRNAPred achieved an overall accuracy
of 98.60% with Mathews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.97 and receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) of 0.99. Furthermore, we achieved a dimensionality reduction of feature space using an
attribute selected classifier.

Conclusion:
We obtained the highest performance in accurately predicting piRNAs as compared to
the current state-of-the-art piRNA predictors. In conclusion, piRNAPred would be helpful to expand
the piRNA repertoire, and provide new insights on piRNA functions.
Short-term Effect of Fresh Pomegranate Juice on Serum Cortisol and Thyroxine in Patients with type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Banihani Saleem Ali , Makahleh Seham M. , El-Akawi Zeyad J. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The effect of pomegranate juice on type 2 diabetic conditions
has been determined in various occasions. However, such an effect on cortisol and
thyroxine hormones, which are major controllers of energy metabolism, is not yet
revealed.

Objectives:
this study, we intended to measure the short-term effect of fresh
pomegranate juice on serum cortisol and thyroxine in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a randomized clinical trial in which 89 fasted
patients with type 2 diabetes were supplemented with fresh pomegranate juice at a dose
of 1.5 mL kg-1. Blood specimens were then collected before and at 1 and 3 hours after
juice administration. Serum cortisol and thyroxine were assessed using commercial
chemiluminescent-immunoassay kits.

Results:
Serum cortisol, but not thyroxine, was significantly (P < 0.0001) lower in
patients with type 2 diabetes after ingesting fresh pomegranate juice. In addition, no
significant correlation (r2 = 0.00003, P = 0.9569) was observed between cortisol
response to fresh pomegranate juice and the level of fasting serum glucose in the
recruited patients. Moreover, no significant difference (P = 0.9118) in cortisol response
to fresh pomegranate juice was found between recruited males and females.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, fresh pomegranate juice decreased serum cortisol, 1 hour
after juice ingestion, but not serum thyroxine 3 hours after juice ingestion, in patients
with type 2 diabetes. In addition, cortisol response to fresh pomegranate juice was found
not to be affected by patients’ gender and the level of fasting serum glucose.
Development of A Fission Yeast Cell-Based Platform for High Throughput Screening of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Benko Zsigmond , Zhang Jiantao , Zhao Richard Y. 
Published: November 2019

Background:HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) is one of the most potent classes of drugs in combinational antiretroviral therapies (cART). When a PI is used in combination with other anti- HIV drugs, cART can often suppress HIV-1 below detection thus prolonging the patient’s lives. However, the challenge often faced by patients is the emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance. Thus, PIs with high genetic-barrier to drug-resistance are needed.Objective:The objective of this study was to develop a novel and simple fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) cell-based system that is suitable for high throughput screening (HTS) of small molecules against HIV-1 protease (PR).Methods:A fission yeast RE294-GFP strain that stably expresses HIV-1 PR and green fluorescence protein (GFP) under the control of an inducible nmt1 promoter was used. Production of HIV-1 PR induces cellular growth arrest, which was used as the primary endpoint for the search of PIs and was quantified by an absorbance-based method. Levels of GFP production were used as a counter-screen control to eliminate potential transcriptional nmt1 inhibitors.Results:Both the absorbance-based HIV-1 PR assay and the GFP-based fluorescence assay were miniaturized and optimized for HTS. A pilot study was performed using a small drug library mixed with known PI drugs and nmt1 inhibitors. With empirically adjusted and clearly defined double-selection criteria, we were able to correctly identify the PIs and to exclude all hidden nmt1 inhibitors.Conclusion::We have successfully developed and validated a fission yeast cell-based HTS platform for the future screening and testing of HIV-1 PR inhibitors.
Nanotechnology: Regulatory Outlook on Nanomaterials and Nanomedicines in United States, Europe and India
Authors: Malik Rashi , Patil Sharvil 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The outlook on “Nano-materials, products, medicine and technology”
lacks a consensus on the definition to be considered by regulatory bodies all over the world. Engineered
nanoparticles, the formulated products containing nanomaterials, are not subject to any
precise regulation pertaining to production, handling and labeling till now. Also, nano medicines
holding an immense potential involved in treatment and diagnosis with emerging research, yet, lag
behind with unnoticed concerns regarding their safety and toxicity. Therefore, a regulatory
framework focused on specific guidelines for products with the application of nanotechnology is
being designed for extending the immense benefits of nanomedicines to humanity. Regulatory
bodies have taken the forefront in dealing with the risks associated with nanomedicines, including
the United States Environment Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Food and Drug Administration
(USFDA), and the Health and Consumer Protection Directorate of the European Commission
(EC).

Objective:
The study aimed to depict the current status and suggest future perspectives of nanomedicine,
by compiling the guidance of different regulatory bodies, thereby, eliminating the
vagueness of nanotechnology in regulatory terms.

Conclusion:
Ambiguity continues to prevail considering the regulations and safety of nanomaterials.
Therefore, it becomes vital to facilitate the harmonization of assessment practices for nanomaterials
with a unanimous opinion. On global level, OECD and its Working Party are currently
dealing with manufactured nanomaterials.
Analysis of different method used in reactive power compensation: A review
Authors: Dwivedi Anurag , Tiwari Nitesh , Mishra Sacchi , Prajapati Nikita 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Reactive power compensation is very important for economic power transfer.

Objective:
to review the different reactive power compensation method with their importance.

Method:
Tap changing transformer, series compensation, shunt compensation, STATCOM, SSSC, DVR, UPFC.

Results:
All the reactive power compensation method used in this paper have their own significance due to their advantages and disadvantage.

Conclusion:
New VAR compensating technique is best compared to the conventional compensation technique.
Validation of an Electronic Visual Analog Scale mHealth Tool for Acute Pain Assessment: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Escalona-Marfil Carles , Coda Andrea , Ruiz-Moreno Jorge , Riu-Gispert Lluís Miquel , Gironès Xavier 
Published: November 2019

Background
Accurate measurement of pain is required to improve its management and in research. The visual analog scale (VAS) on paper format has been shown to be an accurate, valid, reliable, and reproducible way to measure pain intensity. However, some limitations should be considered, some of which can be implemented with the introduction of an electronic VAS version, suitable to be used both in a tablet and a smartphone.

Objective
This study aimed to validate a new method of recording pain level by comparing the traditional paper VAS with the pain level module on the newly designed Interactive Clinics app.

Methods
A prospective observational cross-sectional study was designed. The sample consisted of 102 participants aged 18 to 65 years. A Force Dial FDK 20 algometer (Wagner Instruments) was employed to induce mild pressure symptoms on the participants’ thumbs. Pain was measured using a paper VAS (10 cm line) and the app.

Results
Intermethod reliability estimated by ICC(3,1) was 0.86 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.81 to 0.90, indicating good reliability. Intramethod reliability estimated by ICCa(3,1) was 0.86 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.81 to 0.90, also indicating good reliability. Bland-Altman analysis showed a difference of 0.175 (0.49), and limits of agreement ranged from –0.79 to 1.14.

Conclusions
The pain level module on the app is highly reliable and interchangeable with the paper VAS version. This tool could potentially help clinicians and researchers precisely assess pain in a simple, economic way with the use of a ubiquitous technology.
Prevention of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections by Geofencing and Contextualized Messages With a Gamified App, UBESAFE: Design and Creation Study
Authors: Besoain Felipe , Perez-Navarro Antoni , Jacques Aviñó Constanza , Caylà Joan A , Barriga Nicolas A , Garcia de Olalla Patricia 
Published: November 2019

Background
Advances in the development of information and communication technologies have facilitated social and sexual interrelationships, thanks to the websites and apps created to this end. However, these resources can also encourage sexual contacts without appropriate preventive measures in relation to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). How can users be helped to benefit from the advantages of these apps while keeping in mind those preventive measures?

Objective
This study aimed to prevent STIs by helping users to remember preventive measures in the risky situations.

Methods
We have used the design and creation methodology and have developed a software system. This system has two parts: an Android operating system app with emphasis on ubiquitous computing and gamification as well as a server with a webpage. First, a functional test with 5 men who have sex with men (MSM) allowed us to test the app with end users. In addition, a feasibility test with 4 MSM for a month allowed us to try the UBESAFE system with all its functionalities.

Results
The main output is a system called UBESAFE that is addressed to MSM. The system has two main parts: (1) an app that sends preventive contextualized messages to users when they use a contact app or when they are near a point where sexual contacts are likely and (2) a server part that was managed by the public health agency of Barcelona (ASPB), which preserves the quality and pertinence of messages and places and offers instant help to users. To increase users’ adherence, UBESAFE uses a gamified system to engage users in the creation of preventive messages. Users increased the initial pool of messages by more than 100% (34/30) and created more than 56% (9/16) of places (named hot zones).

Conclusions
The system helped MSM who used it to become conscious about HIV and other STIs. The system also helped the ASPB to stay in contact with MSM and to detect behaviors that could benefit from preventive measures. All functions were performed in a nonintrusive manner because users used the app privately. Furthermore, the system has shown how important it is to make users a part of the creation process as well as to develop apps that work by themselves and thus become useful to the users.