bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on accident propagation ability of chemical industry park based on mixture degree decomposition algorithm and accident propagation probability
Authors: Wang Zheng , Hu Yiyi , Yang Yanxia , Dong Ran , Song Yuanjin , Jia Xiaoping , Wang Fang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn order to better characterize the accident propagation mechanism in chemical industry park (CIP), a method combining mixed degree decomposition (MDD) algorithm with accident propagation probability is proposed to measure the accident propagation ability of nodes in the accident chain network of CIP in this paper. First, the accident chain network model of CIP is established by using complex network theory and the nodes in the network model are layered according to the accident propagation ability based on the MDD algorithm. Second, the accident propagation probability value of each node in the network is defined and calculated according to the characteristic factors of the node itself. Finally, the result of MDD algorithm is combined with the accident propagation probability value by using Euclidean distance formula, the nodes with strong accident propagation ability in the accident chain network of CIP are determined. The case analysis shows that the method has higher discrimination, can effectively measure the accident propagation ability of nodes in the accident chain network of CIP, and better identify the nodes with strong propagation ability.
Automatic Generation of Improvement Suggestions for Legacy, PLC Controlled Manufacturing Equipment Utilizing Machine Learning
Authors: Koehler Wolfgang , Jing Yanguo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe manufacturing industry and, for this research, the automotive manufacturing industry specifically, is always on the lookout for opportunities to improve production throughput with a minimum of investment. Identifying these opportunities often requires the observation of the current production process by experts. This paper is the continuation of the previous work ’Automated, Nomenclature Based Data Point Selection for Industrial Event Log Generation’. One of its aims is to provide strategies that can be used to pre-process an in-depth, slightly flawed industrial equipment log to allow for further analysis. The pre-processing is achieved by identifying the flaws, removing the non-value added events and a heuristic methodology to cluster the log into individual sequences. Expert knowledge then is encoded into engineering features to extend the log matrix and prepare it for machine learning model generation for identification of the complete cases. To derive value from the available data, the sequences are plotted into Gantt charts, and eight hypotheses are introduced that allow for automated annotations within this chart to highlight potential areas of improvement. Application of the framework to real life logs, obtained from stations considered bottlenecks within the evaluated automotive body shop, lead to the discovery of improvement potential between two and twelve seconds per cycle.
Accurate single- and double-differential resummation of colour-singlet processes with MATRIX+RADISH: W+W− production at the LHC
Authors: Kallweit Stefan , Re Emanuele , Rottoli Luca , Wiesemann Marius 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present the combination of fully differential cross sections for colour-singlet production processes at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD obtained with Matrix and all-order resummation through RadISH. This interface allows us to achieve unprecedented accuracy for various transverse observables in 2 → 2 production processes. As an important application we consider W+W− production at the LHC, more precisely the full leptonic process pp → $$ {\mathrm{\ell}}^{+}\mathrm{\ell}{\prime}^{-}{\nu}_{\mathrm{\ell}}{\overline{\nu}}_{\mathrm{\ell}\prime } $$

ℓ
+

ℓ

′
−

ν
ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ
′

+ X with ℓ′ ≠ ℓ, and we present resummed predictions for differential distributions in presence of fiducial selection cuts. In particular, we resum the transverse-momentum spectrum of the W+W− pair at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N3LL) accuracy and match it to the integrated NNLO cross section. The transverse-momentum spectrum of the leading jet in W+W− production is calculated at NNLO+NNLL accuracy. Finally, the joint resummation for the transverse-momentum spectrum of the W+W− pair in the presence of a jet veto is performed at NNLO+NNLL. Our phenomenological study highlights the importance of higher-order perturbative and logarithmic corrections for precision phenomenology at the LHC.
Kernels of Unbounded Toeplitz Operators and Factorization of Symbols
Authors: Câmara M. C. , Malheiro M. T. , Partington J. R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe consider kernels of unbounded Toeplitz operators in $$H^p({\mathbb {C}}^{+})$$

H
p

(

C

+

)

in terms of a factorization of their symbols. We study the existence of a minimal Toeplitz kernel containing a given function in $$H^p({\mathbb {C}}^{+})$$

H
p

(

C

+

)

, we describe the kernels of Toeplitz operators whose symbol possesses a certain factorization involving two different Hardy spaces and we establish relations between the kernels of two operators whose symbols differ by a factor which corresponds, in the unit circle, to a non-integer power of z. We apply the results to describe the kernels of Toeplitz operators with non-vanishing piecewise continuous symbols.
Sub-daily polar motion from GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo
Authors: Zajdel Radosław , Sośnica Krzysztof , Bury Grzegorz , Dach Rolf , Prange Lars , Kazmierski Kamil 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe derive an empirical model of the sub-daily polar motion (PM) based on the multi-GNSS processing incorporating GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo observations. The sub-daily PM model is based on 3-year multi-GNSS solutions with a 2 h temporal resolution. Firstly, we discuss differences in sub-daily PM estimates delivered from individual GNSS constellations, including GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and the combined multi-GNSS solutions. Secondly, we evaluate the consistency between the GNSS-based estimates of the sub-daily PM with three independent models, i.e., the model recommended in the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) 2010 Conventions, the Desai–Sibois model, and the Gipson model. The sub-daily PM estimates, which are derived from system-specific solutions, are inherently affected by artificial non-tidal signals. These signals arise mainly from the resonance between the Earth rotation period and the satellite revolution period. We found strong spurious signals in GLONASS-based and Galileo-based results with amplitudes up to 30 µas. The combined multi-GNSS solution delivers the best estimates and the best consistency of the sub-daily PM with external geophysical and empirical models. Moreover, the impact of the non-tidal spurious signals in the frequency domain diminishes in the multi-GNSS combination. After the recovery of the tidal coefficients for 38 tides, we infer better consistency of the GNSS-based empirical models with the new Desai–Sibois model than the model recommended in the IERS 2010 Conventions. The consistency with the Desai–Sibois model, in terms of the inter-quartile ranges of tidal amplitude differences, reaches the level of 1.6, 5.7, 6.3, 2.2 µas for the prograde diurnal tidal terms and 1.2/2.1, 2.3/6.0, 2.6/5.5, 2.1/5.1 µas for prograde/retrograde semi-diurnal tidal terms, for the combined multi-GNSS, GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo solutions, respectively.
Averages and higher moments for the $$\ell $$-torsion in class groups
Authors: Frei Christopher , Widmer Martin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe prove upper bounds for the average size of the$$\ell $$ℓ-torsion$${{\,\mathrm{Cl}\,}}_K[\ell ]$$ClK[ℓ]of the class group ofK, asKruns through certain natural families of number fields and$$\ell $$ℓis a positive integer. We refine a key argument, used in almost all results of this type, which links upper bounds for$${{\,\mathrm{Cl}\,}}_K[\ell ]$$ClK[ℓ]to the existence of many primes splitting completely inKthat are small compared to the discriminant ofK. Our improvements are achieved through the introduction of a new family of specialised invariants of number fields to replace the discriminant in this argument, in conjunction with new counting results for these invariants. This leads to significantly improved upper bounds for the average and sometimes even higher moments of$${{\,\mathrm{Cl}\,}}_K[\ell ]$$ClK[ℓ]for many families of number fieldsKconsidered in the literature, for example, for the families of all degree-d-fields for$$d\in \{2,3,4,5\}$$d∈{2,3,4,5}(and non-$$D_4$$D4if$$d=4$$d=4). As an application of the case$$d=2$$d=2we obtain the best upper bounds for the number of$$D_p$$Dp-fields of bounded discriminant, for primes$$p>3$$p>3.
Isolation of Bacteria with Potential Plant-Promoting Traits and Optimization of Their Growth Conditions
Authors: Yaghoubi Khanghahi Mohammad , Strafella Sabrina , Allegretta Ignazio , Crecchio Carmine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis research aimed at investigating the isolation and identification of bacterial strains with biological nitrogen-fixing capability and phosphate, potassium, and zinc solubilization activities from a durum wheat field under two different tillage practices including 10 years of conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) practices. Attempts were also extended to estimate their relative abundances in the soil as well as to develop accurate mathematical models in determining the effect of different temperatures, NaCl concentrations and pH on the growth, and activity of selected isolates. Twelve effective bacterial strains, including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Comamonas genera, were identified with a great potential to solubilize the insoluble forms of phosphate (from 11.1 to 115.5 mg l−1 at pH 8), potassium (from 32.2 to 35.6 mg l−1 at pH 7), and zinc (from 1.11 to 389.90 mg l−1 at pH 9) as well as to fix N2 gas (from 19.9 to 25.2 mg l−1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the ability of Comamonas testosteroni and Acinetobacter pittii to fix nitrogen and to solubilize insoluble potassium compound, respectively. Three families, Moraxellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Comamonadaceae, showed a higher percentage of abundance in the NT samples as compared to the CT, but only significant difference was observed in the relative abundance of Pseudomonadaceae (P < 0.01). These strains could be definitively recommended as inoculants to promote plant growth in the wide ranges of pH, salinity levels (with maximum growth and complete inhibition of growth from 0.67–0.92% to 3.5–9.3% NaCl, respectively), and temperatures (2.1–45.1 °C).
Three-dimensional particle size determination in a laminar diffusion flame by tomographic laser-induced incandescence
Authors: Bauer Florian J. , Yu Tao , Cai Weiwei , Huber Franz J. T. , Will Stefan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNon-intrusive measurement techniques are required to gain a comprehensive understanding about the processes of soot formation, growth and oxidation. Time-resolved laser-induced incandescence (TiRe-LII), commonly performed 0D or 2D within a flame, has proven to be a very suitable tool for the in situ sizing of soot primary particles. In this work, the technique is expanded to the third dimension by employing volumetric illumination and coupling it with a tomographic approach, which allows to computationally gain 3D information from 2D images taken at various angles. To minimize experimental cost, an approach using nine fiber bundles arranged in a semicircle around the flame and imaging the light onto a single camera is used. The technique is demonstrated on an ethene diffusion flame on a standard burner, providing spatially resolved 3D particle sizes. One focus of this work is to reveal the influence of input parameters such as the local bath gas temperature, which we measured by two-color pyrometry, and local laser fluence, which are both required for an accurate evaluation of the local particle size. It is shown that the assumption of an average temperature may result in a wrong picture even of qualitative soot size evaluation. In the end, a concept is proposed for a simultaneous determination of the 3D distribution of particle sizes through TiRe-LII and the required bath gas temperature via two-color pyrometry using a tomographic approach with only three cameras.
Unsteady lift on a high-amplitude pitching aerofoil
Authors: Ōtomo Shūji , Henne Sabrina , Mulleners Karen , Ramesh Kiran , Viola Ignazio Maria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The ability to accurately predict the forces on an aerofoil in real-time when large flow variations occur is important for a wide range of applications such as, for example, for improving the manoeuvrability and control of small aerial and underwater vehicles. Closed-form analytical formulations are only available for small flow fluctuations, which limits their applicability to gentle manoeuvres. Here we investigate large-amplitude, asymmetric pitching motions of a NACA 0018 aerofoil at a Reynolds number of $$3.2 \times 10^4$$

3.2
×

10
4

using time-resolved force and velocity field measurements. We adapt the linear theory of Theodorsen and unsteady thin-aerofoil theory to accurately predict the lift on the aerofoil even when the flow is massively separated and the kinematics is non-sinusoidal. The accuracy of the models is remarkably good, including when large leading-edge vortices are present, but decreases when the leading and trailing edge vortices have a strong interaction. In such scenarios, however, discrepancies between the theoretically predicted and the measured lift are shown to be due to vortex lift that is calculated using the impulse theory. Based on these results, we propose a new limiting criterion for Theodorsen’s theory for a pitching aerofoil: when a coherent trailing-edge vortex is formed and it advects at a significantly slower streamwise velocity than the freestream velocity. This result is important because it extends significantly the conditions where the forces can be confidently predicted with Theodorsen’s formulation, and paves the way to the development of low-order models for high-amplitude manoeuvres characterised by massive separation.

Graphic abstract
Dual response of Arabian Sea cyclones and strength of Indian monsoon to Southern Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Hari Vittal , Pathak Amey , Koppa Akash 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVariability and trends of the south Asian monsoon at different time scales makes the region susceptible to climate-related natural disasters such as droughts and floods. Because of its importance, different studies have examined the climatic factors responsible for the recent changes in monsoon strength. Here, using observations and climate model experiments we show that monsoon strength is driven by the variations of south Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature (SASST). The mechanism by which SASST is modulating the monsoon could be explained through the classical Matsuno-Gill response, leading to changes in the characteristics of vertical wind shear in the Arabian Sea. The decline in the vertical wind shear to the warming of SASST is associated with anomalous lower (upper)-level easterlies (westerlies). This further leads to a strong increase in the frequency of the Arabian Sea cyclones; and also prohibits the transport of moisture to the Indian landmass, which eventually reduces the strength of monsoon. The conditions in the SASST which drove these responses are aggravated by greenhouse gas emission, revealing the prominent role played by anthropogenic warming. If, with proper mitigation, these emissions are not prevented, further increases in the SASST is expected to result in increased Arabian sea cyclones and reduced monsoon strength.
Rotation osteotomy of the distal femur influences coronal femoral alignment and the ischiofemoral space
Authors: Konrads Christian , Ahrend Marc-Daniel , Beyer Myriam Ruth , Stöckle Ulrich , Ahmad Sufian S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Despite the fact that osteotomies around the knee represent well-established treatment options for the redistribution of loads and forces within and around the knee joint, unforeseen effects of these osteotomies on the remaining planes and adjacent joints are still to be defined. It was, therefore, the aim of this study to determine the influence of a distal femoral rotation osteotomy on the coronal limb alignment and on the ischiofemoral space of the hip joint.

Materials and methods
Long-leg standing radiographs and CT-based torsional measurements of 27 patients undergoing supracondylar rotational osteotomies of the femur between 2012 and 2019 were obtained and utilized for the purpose of this study. Postoperative radiographs were obtained after union at the osteotomy site. The hip–knee–ankle angle (HKA), the mechanical lateral distal femur angle (mLDFA), and the ischiofemoral space were measured. Comparison between means was performed using the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test.

Results
Twenty-seven patients underwent isolated supracondylar external rotation osteotomy to reduce the overall antetorsion of the femur. The osteotomy resulted in a 2.4° ± 1.4° mean increase in HKA and 2.4 mm ± 1.7 mm increase in the ischiofemoral space (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Supracondylar external rotation osteotomy of the femur leads to valgisation of the coronal limb alignment and increases the ischiofemoral space. This is resultant to the reorientation of the femoral antecurvature and the femoral neck. When planning a rotational osteotomy of the lower limb, this should be appreciated and may also aid in the decision regarding osteotomy site.
Altered urinary tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives in patients with Tourette syndrome: reflection of dopaminergic hyperactivity?
Authors: Capetian Philipp , Roessner Veit , Korte Caroline , Walitza Susanne , Riederer Franz , Taurines Regina , Gerlach Manfred , Moser Andreas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs) such as salsolinol (SAL), norsalsolinol (NSAL) and their methylated derivatives N-methyl-norsalsolinol (NMNSAL) and N-methyl-salsolinol (NMSAL), modulate dopaminergic neurotransmission and metabolism in the central nervous system. Dopaminergic neurotransmission is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic tic disorders, such as Tourette syndrome (TS). Therefore, the urinary concentrations of these TIQ derivatives were measured in patients with TS and patients with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (TS + ADHD) compared with controls. Seventeen patients with TS, 12 with TS and ADHD, and 19 age-matched healthy controls with no medication took part in this study. Free levels of NSAL, NMNSAL, SAL, and NMSAL in urine were measured by a two-phase chromatographic approach. Furthermore, individual TIQ concentrations in TS patients were used in receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis to examine the diagnostic value. NSAL concentrations were elevated significantly in TS [434.67 ± 55.4 nmol/l (standard error of mean = S.E.M.), two-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001] and TS + ADHD patients [605.18 ± 170.21 nmol/l (S.E.M.), two-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001] compared with controls [107.02 ± 33.18 nmol/l (S.E.M.), two-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001] and NSAL levels in TS + ADHD patients were elevated significantly in comparison with TS patients (two-way ANOVA, p = 0.017). NSAL demonstrated an AUC of 0.93 ± 0.046 (S.E.M) the highest diagnostic value of all metabolites for the diagnosis of TS. Our results suggest a dopaminergic hyperactivity underlying the pathophysiology of TS and ADHD. In addition, NSAL concentrations in urine may be a potential diagnostic biomarker of TS.
A generalized Gompertz growth model with applications and related birth-death processes
Authors: Asadi Majid , Di Crescenzo Antonio , Sajadi Farkhondeh A. , Spina Serena 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a flexible growth model that constitutes a suitable generalization of the well-known Gompertz model. We perform an analysis of various features of interest, including a sensitivity analysis of the initial value and the three parameters of the model. We show that the considered model provides a good fit to some real datasets concerning the growth of the number of individuals infected during the COVID-19 outbreak, and software failure data. The goodness of fit is established on the ground of the ISRP metric and the$$d_2$$d2-distance. We also analyze two time-inhomogeneous stochastic processes, namely a birth-death process and a birth process, whose means are equal to the proposed growth curve. In the first case we obtain the probability of ultimate extinction, being 0 an absorbing endpoint. We also deal with a threshold crossing problem both for the proposed growth curve and the corresponding birth process. A simulation procedure for the latter process is also exploited.
Machen Werther und Papageno im deutschen Journalismus Schule?
Authors: Frehmann Katharina , Schäfer Markus 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungJedes Jahr sterben in Deutschland mehr als 9000 Menschen durch Suizid. Zu den wichtigsten Präventionsmaßnahmen zählt die Weltgesundheitsorganisation eine verantwortungsvolle Medienberichterstattung über Suizide. Hintergrund hierfür sind Erkenntnisse zum „Werther-“ bzw. „Papageno-Effekt“, wonach die Medienberichterstattung über Suizide zur Entstehung oder Verhinderung weiterer Suizide beitragen kann und vor allem die Art und Weise der Berichterstattung über die Richtung der Effekte entscheidet. Aus suizidpräventiver und medienethischer Sicht scheint es daher sinnvoll, dass Medienschaffende über die möglichen Konsequenzen ihrer Berichterstattung Bescheid wissen, um diese bei ihrem Handeln berücksichtigen zu können. In der Journalistenausbildung besteht grundsätzlich ausreichend Raum für die Vermittlung solcher Inhalte. Allerdings ist zum Stellenwert suizidrelevanter Medieneffekte in der deutschen Journalistenausbildung bislang wenig bekannt. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht mit Hilfe einer Telefonbefragung von Verantwortlichen zentraler Institutionen der außerredaktionellen Journalistenausbildung (n = 67), welche Rolle die Suizidberichterstattung im Allgemeinen und die Effekte im Speziellen in Deutschland spielen. Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass die Themen in vielen Bildungsangeboten bislang allenfalls unregelmäßig behandelt werden. Jedoch bestehen auf Seiten der Einrichtungen grundsätzlich Interesse und Offenheit, aber auch zusätzlicher Informationsbedarf, was in Zukunft genutzt bzw. thematisiert werden sollte.
The association between crop and income diversity and farmer intra-household dietary diversity in India
Authors: Singh Sukhwinder , Jones Andrew D. , DeFries Ruth S. , Jain Meha 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the associations between crop and income diversity and dietary diversity among men, women, adolescents, and children of farmer households in India. We examine crop, income, and dietary data collected from 1106 farmer households across Gujarat and Haryana, two states that represent different livelihood transition pathways in India. Regression results suggest that crop diversity had a positive association with dietary diversity among adults (both men and women) in both states, and among adolescents and children in Haryana. Higher family education and annual income were the two most important factors associated with higher dietary diversity score (DDS) in Gujarat whereas, higher family education, greater crop diversity, and increased distance traveled to markets were the most important factors associated with higher individual DDS in Haryana. Specifically, for children, crop diversity emerged as one of the most important factors associated with dietary diversity in both states. Interestingly, we find that even in these two relatively prosperous states, the pathways to dietary diversity vary across sites and within households, suggesting that policies to improve dietary diversity should be tailored to a given location and context.