bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication Integration for Children With Fragile X Syndrome: It Starts in the Home
Authors: Schladant Michelle , Dowling Monica 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Many children with fragile X syndrome (FXS) have complex communication needs and may benefit from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This qualitative study explored how four mother–child dyads used AAC in the home. Data were collected using participant observations, open-ended interviews, and record reviews, and analyzed using grounded theory methods. Findings revealed that mothers found AAC to be a useful tool for addressing their children's complex communication needs, but practical and personal factors impacted its use in the home. This study sheds light on how mothers of children with FXS view and utilize AAC as a way to promote communication at home. Understanding parental perspectives can help to guide professionals in planning appropriate AAC interventions specific to FXS.
Classification of marine microalgae using low-resolution Mueller matrix images and convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Zhidi , Liao Ran , Ma Hui , Li Jiajin , Leung Priscilla T. Y. , Yan Meng , Gu Jiarui 
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we used a convolutional neural network to study the classification of marine microalgae by using low-resolution Mueller matrix images. Mueller matrix images of 12 species of algae from 5 families were measured by a Mueller matrix microscopy with an LED light source at 514 nm wavelength. The data sets of seven resolution levels were generated by the bicubic interpolation algorithm. We conducted two groups of classification experiments; one group classified the algae into 12 classes according to species category, and the other group classified the algae into 5 classes according to family category. In each group of classification experiments, we compared the classification results of the Mueller matrix images with those of the first element (M11) images. The classification accuracy of Mueller matrix images declines gently with the decrease of image resolution, while the accuracy of M11 images declines sharply. The classification accuracy of Mueller matrix images is higher than that of M11 images at each resolution level. At the lowest resolution level, the accuracy of 12-class classification and 5-class classification of full Mueller matrix images is 29.89% and 35.83% higher than those of M11 images, respectively. In addition, we also found that the polarization information of different species had different contributions to the classification. These results show that the polarization information can greatly improve the classification accuracy of low-resolution microalgal images.
PDMS-filled Fabry–Perot interferometer-based multipoint temperature measurement using an array-waveguide grating
Authors: Li Jiali , Mao Bangning , Xu Ben , Shen Changyu , Xu Rui , Wang Lin , Wang Dongning , Zhao Chunliu 
Published: October 2020

In this paper, a multipoint temperature measurement scheme based on Fabry–Perot interferometers (FPIs) multiplexing is proposed. The FPI sensor is constructed as a section of hollow-core fiber (HCF) partially filled with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) spliced to a single-mode fiber. An array-waveguide grating with 16 channels is used for the FPI sensors’ multiplexing and demultiplexing, and a broadband source is used as the light source. The corresponding theoretical model was built for analysis of the scheme, and the simulation results shown the FPI working principle can be simplified as a dual-beam interference. Two channels connected to two FPI sensors were experimentally tested for the concept verification. The temperature sensitivities of the proposed two sensors are 1.090 dB/°C and 1.210 dB/°C from 30°C to 40°C, respectively. There is no interchannel cross talk observed. Hence, FPI temperature sensors can work simultaneously in this structure, proving the validity of the multipoint temperature measurement concept.
Compact and broadband 3D mode (de)multiplexer via displacement of an asymmetric slot-strip coupler
Authors: Wang Xinguo , Hu Jinzhu , Miao Jinye , Jiang Weifeng 
Published: October 2020

A compact and broadband three-dimensional (3D) quasi-

T
E

0

and quasi-

T
E

1

mode (de)multiplexer [(De)MUX] is proposed via an asymmetric slot-strip coupler, in which the optimally lateral displacement between the bottom silicon slot waveguide and the upper poly-silicon strip-waveguide can enable the vertical mode-coupling efficiently. The design of the proposed 3D mode (De)MUX is based on the full-vectorial finite-element method, 3D full-vectorial finite-difference time-domain method, and mode expansion method. The optimized 3D mode (De)MUX is with a compact coupling length of only 5.65 µm, a broad 3 dB bandwidth of 231.5 nm, a low insertion loss of 0.3 dB, and a mode cross talk of

−

27.54

d
B

. The fabrication tolerance is also studied with a width error of

±

20

n
m

for both the upper and lower layers.
Tunable optical single-sideband generation for OOK and PAM4 data channels using an optical frequency comb and nonlinear wave-mixing
Authors: Cao Yinwen , Fallahpour Ahmad , Zou Kaiheng , Zhou Huibin , Almaiman Ahmed , Liao Peicheng , Alishahi Fatemeh , Manukyan Karapet , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E. 
Published: October 2020

We experimentally demonstrate tunable optical single-sideband (SSB) generation using a tapped-delay-line (TDL) optical filter for 10 and 20 Gbit/s on/off-keying (OOK) signals and a 20 Gbit/s four-level pulse-amplitude-modulated (PAM4) signal. The optical SSB filter is realized by using an optical frequency comb, wavelength-dependent delay, and nonlinear wave-mixing to achieve the TDL function. Moreover, SSB tunability is achieved by adjusting the amplitude, phase, frequency spacing, and number of selected optical frequency comb lines. We show that the one-sideband suppression of a double-sideband (DSB) channel can be enhanced as the number of taps is increased; however, we do measure a

∼

1.5

%

error-vector-magnitude penalty. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the chromatic-dispersion-induced penalty after 80 km standard-single-mode-fiber transmission of a 10 Gbit/s SSB OOK signal without chromatic dispersion compensation has been reduced by

>

3

d
B

when compared to DSB.
Causal variational principles in the σ-locally compact setting: Existence of minimizers
Authors: Finster Felix , Langer Christoph 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We prove the existence of minimizers of causal variational principles on second countable, locally compact Hausdorff spaces. Moreover, the corresponding Euler–Lagrange equations are derived.
The method is to first prove the existence of minimizers of the causal variational principle
restricted to compact subsets for a lower semi-continuous Lagrangian.
Exhausting the underlying topological space by compact subsets and rescaling the corresponding minimizers,
we obtain a sequence which converges vaguely to a regular Borel measure of possibly infinite total volume.
It is shown that, for continuous Lagrangians of compact range,
this measure solves the Euler–Lagrange equations. Furthermore, we prove that the constructed measure
is a minimizer under variations of compact support. Under additional assumptions, it is proven that
this measure is a minimizer under variations of finite volume. We finally extend our results to continuous Lagrangians decaying in entropy.
Why Virtue Is not Quite Enough: Descartes on Attaining Happiness
Authors: Viljanen Valtteri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Descartes explicitly states that virtue is sufficient for attaining happiness. In this paper I argue that, within the framework he develops, this is not exactly true: more than virtuous action is needed to secure happiness. I begin by analyzing, in Section 2, the Cartesian notion of virtue in order to show the way in which it closely connects to what, for Descartes, forms the very essence of morality – the correct use of our free will. Section 3, in turn, discusses Descartes’s view of happiness and its relation to the highest good. Thereby is laid the foundation for Section 4, which offers a reconstruction of the argument that virtue leads to happiness. Section 5 concludes the discussion by suggesting how and why Descartes leaves a crucial premise – an intellectual insight that consists of three main elements – unmentioned when he claims that virtue is sufficient for happiness.
On the Microfoundation of Linear Oligopoly Demand
Authors: Bos Iwan , Vermeulen Dries 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We critically assess the representative consumer with quadratic aggregate utility function which forms the foundation of a well-known class of linear oligopoly demand structures. It is argued that this approach is problematic and redundant. Regarding the latter, we show how the same demand system can be derived directly from a population of heterogeneous buyers for any number of products. Welfare analyses based on aggregate demand is shown to be sensitive to the underlying microfoundation.
Conformality for a robust class of non-conformal attractors
Authors: Pozzetti Maria Beatrice , Sambarino Andrés , Wienhard Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper we investigate the Hausdorff dimension of limit sets of Anosov representations. In this context we revisit and extend the framework of hyperconvex representations and establish a convergence property for them, analogue to a differentiability property. As an application of this convergence, we prove that the Hausdorff dimension of the limit set of a hyperconvex representation is equal to a suitably chosen critical exponent.
Who were the Türkmen of Ottoman and Safavid lands? An overlooked early modern identity
Authors: Karamustafa Ali 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This essay examines the history of the term Türkmen in western Asia, and asks how its significance changed with the spread of Ottoman and Safavid power in the early modern era. Although it always maintained its core connotation of uncouth tribes, the meaning of the term became more complex (and at times conflicting) after the Mongol period, a dynamic which this paper highlights by comparing it to the Oghūz identity. Poets and court historians developed novel ways of deploying both terms to explain the political dominance of Turkish speakers in the region. When Türkmen gained new import as a political label during the Aq Quyūnlū period, it came to have two contradictory connotations: tribal rebellion and the state-building aspirations of the Anatolian Türkmen dynasties. Both were marginalized by the subsequent establishment of Ottoman and Safavid power in the 16th century. However, the term continued to be widely used to describe Turkish-speaking tribes in the region, and manuscripts from the Caucasus version of the Köroğlu epic tradition show how it came to represent an autonomous tribal alternative to the new imperial status quo of the 17th century.
The “National Amnesia” in the Traditional History of Iran
Authors: Schoeler Gregor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
It is well known that the pre-Islamic “national history” of Iran (i.&#x200A;e., the indigenous secular historical tradition, transmitted orally over many centuries) knows nothing at all, or as good as nothing, about the dynasties and empires of the Medes, Achaemenids, Seleucids, and Parthians (ca.&#x00A0;700 BCE–226 CE). It is first with the Sasanians (226‒651 CE) that Iran’s “national history” evinces more detailed knowledge. Instead of reports on the historical Medes and Achaemenid dynasties, accounts of mythical and legendary dynasties, the Pīšdādians and Kayānians, are found.
In this essay, an attempt will be made to explain this “gap” in the pre-Islamic historical tradition, this “strange historical (or national) amnesiaˮ (Ehsan Yarshater) in the cultural memory of the Iranians, with the help of a theory on the structure and modality of oral tradition, based on field research, by the Belgian historian and anthropologist Jan Vansina. The structure in question concerns a tripartite perception of the past: a wealth of information about antiquity (traditions of origin or creation and reports on culture heroes)&#x00A0;– plenty of information, too, on the recent and most recent times&#x00A0;– and lying between them, a “gap” in the accounts. Vansina described this phenomenon as the “hourglass effect.” This is exactly the narrative structure of Iranian national history; it is evident that the Achaemenids and the other pre-Christian dynasties fall into the “gap” described by Vansina.
The same phenomenon can also be detected on the level of Sasanian history. We find there a plethora of information on the founder of the dynasty, Ardašīr (reigned 226‒241 CE); meanwhile, very few details are known of the kings following Ardašīr, and it is only as of Kavād&#x00A0;I (reigned 488‒496 and 499‒531 CE) that we have outstanding historical information.
Comparative analysis of SISO and wavelength diversity-based FSO systems at different transmitter power levels
Authors: Srivastava Varun , Mandloi Abhilash , Patel Dhiraj Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Free space optical (FSO) communication refers to a line of sight technology, which comprises optical source and detector to create a link without the use of physical connections. Similar to other wireless communication links, these are severely affected by losses that emerged due to atmospheric turbulence and lead to deteriorated intensity of the optical signal at the receiver. This impairment can be compensated easily by enhancing the transmitter power. However, increasing the transmitter power has some limitations as per radiation regulations. The requirement of high transmit power can be reduced by employing diversity methods. This paper presents, a wavelength-based diversity method with equal gain combining receiver, an effective technique to provide matching performance to single input single output at a comparatively low transmit power.
Crystal structure of poly[aqua(μ3-2,4-diamino-benzenesulfonato-κ4
N:N
′,O:O′)silver(I)], C12H18O8N4S2Ag2
Authors: He Ze-Rong , Zhao Han-Lin , Jiang Jin-Ke , Cheng Hao-Feng , Cheng Jie , Dong Xian-Wu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
C12H18O8N4S2Ag2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.7841(10) Å, b = 8.0140(5) Å, c = 11.7220(11) Å, β = 117.278(11)°, V = 900.40(16) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0279, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0627, T = 293(2) K.
Development and validation of a new HPLC method for the analysis of a novel oral suspension formulation of 50 mg/ml ursodeoxycholic acid for newborns
Authors: Hausherr Anne , Roessle Clara , Pinet Emma , Vasseur Véronique , Abarou Tarik , Benakouche Samira , Bourdon Olivier , Storme Thomas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesDrugs are developed for adults, making it difficult to find suitable treatments for children. Hospital pharmacy has developed alternatives to respond to this medical need. The objective of this study is to present a new liquid formulation of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) at a concentration suitable for treatment of neonatal jaundice, and to introduce a novel high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay method.MethodsFour formulations have been developed using suspension vehicles due to the low solubility of the active ingredient, and different concentrations of excipient, xanthan gum, needed to facilitate resuspension. An HPLC method coupled to a diode array detector (DAD) has been developed. This method was used to analyze chemical and microbiologic stabilities, as well as physicochemical properties and palatability.ResultsAfter formulation was chosen, our new HPLC method assay was developed and validated for the quantification of chemical and microbiological stabilities of our product. Both parameters were stable over three months. Palatability has been improved thanks to the addition of universal suspension adjuvants. Odor, appearance and taste were judged pleasant despite a bitter aftertaste, with a persistence of the UDCA resuspension after one month.ConclusionsThree months after informing neonatal department about the availability of the drug, patients and caregivers are satisfied, and production campaigns are routinely planned.
The challenges of post-bariatric surgery hypocalcaemia in pre-existing hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Jones Annabel S , Warren Annabelle M , Bach Leon A , Sztal-Mazer Shoshana 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Conventional treatment of hypoparathyroidism relies on oral calcium and calcitriol. Challenges in managing post-parathyroid- and post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia in patients with a history of bariatric surgery and malabsorption have been described, but postoperative management of bariatric surgery in patients with established hypoparathyroidism has not. We report the case of a 46-year-old woman who underwent elective sleeve gastrectomy on a background of post-surgical hypoparathyroidism and hypothyroidism. Multiple gastric perforations necessitated an emergency Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. She was transferred to a tertiary ICU and remained nil orally for 4 days, whereupon her ionised calcium level was 0.78 mmol/L (1.11–1.28 mmol/L). Continuous intravenous calcium infusion was required. She remained nil orally for 6 months due to abdominal sepsis and the need for multiple debridements. Intravenous calcium gluconate 4.4 mmol 8 hourly was continued and intravenous calcitriol twice weekly was added. Euthyroidism was achieved with intravenous levothyroxine. Maintaining normocalcaemia was fraught with difficulties in a patient with pre-existing surgical hypoparathyroidism, where oral replacement was impossible. The challenges in managing hypoparathyroidism in the setting of impaired enteral absorption are discussed with analysis of the cost and availability of parenteral treatments.

Learning points:

Management of hypoparathyroidism is complicated when gastrointestinal absorption is impaired.

Careful consideration should be given before bariatric surgery in patients with pre-existing hypoparathyroidism, due to potential difficulty in managing hypocalcaemia, which is exacerbated when complications occur.

While oral treatment of hypoparathyroidism is cheap and relatively simple, available parenteral options can carry significant cost and necessitate a more complicated dosing schedule.

International guidelines for the management of hypoparathyroidism recommend the use of PTH analogues where large doses of calcium and calcitriol are required, including in gastrointestinal disorders with malabsorption.

Approval of subcutaneous recombinant PTH for hypoparathyroidism in Australia will alter future management.
Internet use disorders: What's new and what's not?. •
Authors: Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis commentary critiques the recent paper by Montag et al. (2019) and (i) argues that there are a number of issues that are presented as contemporary but have been discussed in the internet addiction literature for over 20 years, (ii) argues that generalized internet use disorder (IUD)/smartphone use disorder (SmUD) and specific IUD/SmUD may mean different things to different scholars, (iii) suggests that online activities that involve content creation often utilize nonmobile devices, and (iv) suggests that there are some potentially problematic online behaviors that are not included as major activities in the proposed in Montag et al.‘s taxonomy of internet-related problematic behaviors.
THE EFFECT OF DISTRIBUTION FUNDS OF ZAKAT INFAQ SHADAQAH, SOCIAL ASSISTANCE EXPENDITURE, AND SUBSIDY EXPENDITURE ON POVERTY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mulazid Ade Sofyan , Mufliha Nurul Mudhiatil 
Published: October 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of the distribution funds of Zakat Infaq Shadaqah (ZIS), social assistance expenditure and subsidy expenditure on poverty in Indonesia 2013-2017 period. The sample from this study consisted of ZIS data obtained at the National Alms Agency (known as BAZNAS). Then social assistance expenditure and subsidy expenditure and the latest poverty data obtained at the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). In this research, the method used multiple linear regression analysis by testing classical assumptions. The results of this study are according to the results of the F test that the three independent variables (ZIS, social assistance expenditure and subsidy expenditure) have a simultaneous effect on the dependent variable (poverty) by having a significance value of 0,000, which means less than 0.05.Furthermore, it is supported by the results of the T-test that the three independent variables partially have a significant effect on the dependent variable, with a significance value in the ZIS variable was 0,000. Then, social assistance expenditure was 0.025. The last, subsidy expenditure was 0,000. It means lower than 0.05
POTENSI MODAL SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DAERAH PASCA BENCANA DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO (INISIASI MODEL AGUNAN ALTERNATIF BERBASIS MODAL SOSIAL)
Authors: Ningrum Ririn Tr Puspita 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Natural disasters not only result in infrastructure losses, but also have an impact on education, social, cultural and economic. In the economic, special attention in efforts to revive the agricultural sector and UMKM of the affected communities was the focus of priority studies. This is because the two sectors have a significant role in the economy. This condition raised hopes for the banking and other financial institutions to make a positive contribution. However, in reality, the agriculture sector and UMKM have not been able to access some of the types of financing provided because there are several funds that require the availability of collateral that is material and difficult to fulfill. Therefore, it is necessary to have creative and innovative efforts based on the spirit of humanity related to alternative collateral models that are immaterial, that is based on social capital. Through a qualitative descriptive method and using a phenomenological approach, this research seeks to explore the potential power of the community (bottom-up process) in the economic development of areas affected by natural disasters. It is hoped that this research can produce data/ information that is useful for implementing a participatory development system based on local strengths.
Keywords: Alternative Collateral, Financing, Social Capital, Economic Awakening, Agriculture, UMKM, Post-Disaster Areas

Abstrak
Bencana alam selain berakibat pada kerugian infrastruktur, juga berdampak pada bidang pendidikan, sosial, budaya dan ekonomi. Di bidang ekonomi, perhatian khusus dalam upaya membangkitan kembali sektor pertanian dan UMKM masyarakat yang terdampak bencana menjadi fokus kajian prioritas. Hal ini dikarenakan dua sektor tersebut memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam perekonomian. Kondisi tersebut kemudian memunculkan harapan kepada dunia perbankan dan lembaga keuangan lainnya untuk memberikan kontribusi positif. Namun kenyataannya, sektor pertanian dan UMKM ternyata belum mampu mengakses beberapa jenis pembiyaan yang disediakan karena ada beberapa pembiayaan yang mengharuskan tersedianya jaminan/ agunan yang bersifat material dan sulit dipenuhi. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya usaha kreatif dan inovatif yang berlandaskan spirit kemanusiaan terkait model agunan alternatif bersifat immaterial, yakni berbasis pada modal sosial (capital social). Melalui metode deskriptif kualitatif dan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologis, penelitian ini berupaya menelusuri potensi kekuatan masyarakat (bottom-up proses) dalam pembangunan ekonomi wilayah terdampak bencana alam. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat menghasilkan data/ informasi yang berguna untuk mengimplementasikan sebuah sistem pembangunan yang partisipatif berbasis kekuatan lokal.
Kata Kunci: Agunan Alternatif, Pembiayaan, Modal Sosial, Kebangkitan Ekonomi, Pertanian, UMKM, Daerah Pasca Bencana