bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanobiocatalysts: Cu/TiO2-SiO2 Nanoparticles as Tissue-Regeneration Treatment for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: In Vivo Studies
Authors: López-Goerne Tessy , Padilla-Godínez Francisco J. , Pérez-Dávalos Luis , Ramírez-Olivares Paola , Arellano Daniela 
Published: October 2020

Background:Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) exhibit 80% of prevalence in Mexico. Efficient tissue regeneration therapies are the key factors to avoid amputations.Objective:In this study, the healing properties of a Cu/TiO2-SiO2nanobiocatalyst applied in DFUs were analyzed. Furthermore, the morphology and crystalline structures were characterized.Methods:The nanobiocatalyst was synthesized by a sol-gel patented method proposed by López et al. The compound was characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopies and Xray diffraction. The nanoparticles were embedded in a polymeric gel matrix (nanogel), which was utilized as a conservative therapy for chronic non-healing DFU in 8 patients with several comorbidities and chronic complications of diabetes. Wound debridement was performed prior to the nanogel administration. The nanogel was applied over the ulcers on alternate days for different periods of time, depending on the case.Results:Significant improvement in terms of enhanced epithelialization was observed in the wound healing process after a few applications. Infection spread was limited, and tissue regeneration was enhanced, with significant healing of the ulcers observed in each case. Furthermore, the successful outcome allowed to avoid the amputations that were proposed to some of the patients.Conclusion:The study proved the efficiency of the nanobiocatalyst as a safe, conservative therapy for chronic non-healing DFUs. Further investigation must be carried out to fully elucidate the wound-healing mechanisms of the nanoparticles.
Design and Experiment of Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer Array for High-frequency Underwater Imaging
Authors: Yu Yuanyu , Wang Jiujiang , Liu Xin , Pun Sio H. , Qiu Weibao , Zhang Shuang , Cheng Ching H. , Lei Kin F. , Vai Mang I. , Mak Peng U. 
Published: October 2020

Background::
Ultrasound is widely used in the applications of underwater imaging. Capacitive
micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is a promising candidate for the traditional
piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer. In underwater ultrasound imaging, better resolutions can be
achieved with a higher frequency ultrasound. Therefore, a CMUT array for high-frequency ultrasound
imaging is proposed in this work.

Methods::
Analytical methods were used to calculate the center frequency in water and the pull-in
voltage for determining the operating point of CMUT. A finite element method model was developed
to finalize the design parameters. The CMUT array was fabricated with a five-mask sacrificial
release process.

Results::
The CMUT array owned an immersed center frequency of 2.6 MHz with a 6 dB fractional
bandwidth of 123 %. The pull-in voltage of the CMUT array was 85 V. An underwater imaging experiment
was carried out with the target of three steel wires.

Conclusion::
In this study, we have developed CMUT for high-frequency underwater imaging.
The experiment showed that the CMUT could detect the steel wires with a diameter of 100 μm
and the axial resolution was 0.582 mm, which was close to one wavelength of ultrasound in
2.6 MHz
Psychological Impact of Health Risk Communication and Social Media on College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Mengyao , Liu Li , Yang Yilong , Wang Yang , Yang Xiaoshi , Wu Hui 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe outbreak of COVID-19 began in 2019 and is expected to impact the psychological health of college students. Few studies have investigated the associations among health risk communication, social media, and psychological symptoms during a major pandemic.ObjectiveThe aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of psychological symptoms among college students and explore their associations with health risk communication and social media.MethodsA web-based survey was distributed through the Wenjuanxing platform among Chinese college students from March 3-15, 2020. In addition to demographics, information on health risk communication and social media was collected, and the Symptom Checklist 90 Phobia and Health Anxiety Inventory subscale was used to assess psychological symptoms among 1676 college students in China. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine these independent risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of panic and health anxiety was 17.2% (288/1676) and 24.3% (408/1676), respectively. Regarding risk communication, understanding the risk of COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 0.480, 95% CI 0.367-0.627) was a protective factor against panic. Knowledge of prognosis (OR 0.708, 95% CI 0.551-0.910), preventive measures (OR 0.380, 95% CI 0.195-0.742), and wearing face masks (OR 0.445, 95% CI 0.230-0.862) were shown to be protective factors in predicting health anxiety. Perceived lethality (OR 1.860, 95% CI 1.408-2.459), being affected by the global spread (OR 1.936, 95% CI 1.405-2.669), and impact on social contacts (OR 1.420, 95% CI 1.118-1.802) were identified as significant risk factors associated with health anxiety. In terms of social media, trust in mainstream media (OR 0.613, 95% CI 0.461-0.816) was considered to be a protective factor against health anxiety.ConclusionsThere was a high prevalence of psychological symptoms among college students. Health risk communication and social media use were important in predicting psychological symptoms, especially health anxiety. Scientific and evidence-based information should be reported by social media platforms. Web-based consultation and intervention measures should be the focus of future studies.
Communicative Blame in Online Communication of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Computational Approach of Stigmatizing Cues and Negative Sentiment Gauged With Automated Analytic Techniques
Authors: Chang Angela , Schulz Peter Johannes , Tu ShengTsung , Liu Matthew Tingchi 
Published: October 2020

Background
Information about a new coronavirus emerged in 2019 and rapidly spread around the world, gaining significant public attention and attracting negative bias. The use of stigmatizing language for the purpose of blaming sparked a debate.

Objective
This study aims to identify social stigma and negative sentiment toward the blameworthy agents in social communities.

Methods
We enabled a tailored text-mining platform to identify data in their natural settings by retrieving and filtering online sources, and constructed vocabularies and learning word representations from natural language processing for deductive analysis along with the research theme. The data sources comprised of ten news websites, eleven discussion forums, one social network, and two principal media sharing networks in Taiwan. A synthesis of news and social networking analytics was present from December 30, 2019, to March 31, 2020.

Results
We collated over 1.07 million Chinese texts. Almost two-thirds of the texts on COVID-19 came from news services (n=683,887, 63.68%), followed by Facebook (n=297,823, 27.73%), discussion forums (n=62,119, 5.78%), and Instagram and YouTube (n=30,154, 2.81%). Our data showed that online news served as a hotbed for negativity and for driving emotional social posts. Online information regarding COVID-19 associated it with China—and a specific city within China through references to the “Wuhan pneumonia”—potentially encouraging xenophobia. The adoption of this problematic moniker had a high frequency, despite the World Health Organization guideline to avoid biased perceptions and ethnic discrimination. Social stigma is disclosed through negatively valenced responses, which are associated with the most blamed targets.

Conclusions
Our sample is sufficiently representative of a community because it contains a broad range of mainstream online media. Stigmatizing language linked to the COVID-19 pandemic shows a lack of civic responsibility that encourages bias, hostility, and discrimination. Frequently used stigmatizing terms were deemed offensive, and they might have contributed to recent backlashes against China by directing blame and encouraging xenophobia. The implications ranging from health risk communication to stigma mitigation and xenophobia concerns amid the COVID-19 outbreak are emphasized. Understanding the nomenclature and biased terms employed in relation to the COVID-19 outbreak is paramount. We propose solidarity with communication professionals in combating the COVID-19 outbreak and the infodemic. Finding solutions to curb the spread of virus bias, stigma, and discrimination is imperative.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring With Low-Carbohydrate Diet Coaching in Adults With Prediabetes: Mixed Methods Pilot Study
Authors: Yost Olivia , DeJonckheere Melissa , Stonebraker Spring , Ling Grace , Buis Lorraine , Pop-Busui Rodica , Kim Noa , Mizokami-Stout Kara , Richardson Caroline 
Published: October 2020

Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is preventable; however, few patients with prediabetes participate in prevention programs. The use of user-friendly continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) with low-carbohydrate diet coaching is a novel strategy to prevent T2DM.

Objective
This study aims to determine the patient satisfaction and feasibility of an intervention combining CGM use and low-carbohydrate diet coaching in patients with prediabetes to drive dietary behavior change.

Methods
We conducted a mixed methods, single-arm pilot and feasibility study at a suburban family medicine clinic. A total of 15 adults with prediabetes with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 5.7% and 6.4% and a BMI >30 kg/m2 were recruited to participate. The intervention and assessments took place during 3 in-person study visits and 2 qualitative phone interviews (3 weeks and 6 months after the intervention). During visit 1, participants were asked to wear a CGM and complete a food intake and craving log for 10 days. During visit 2, the food intake and craving log along with the CGM results of the participants were reviewed and the participants received low-carbohydrate diet coaching, including learning about carbohydrates and personalized feedback. A second CGM sensor, with the ability to scan and record glucose trends, was placed, and the participants logged their food intake and cravings as they attempted to reduce their total carbohydrate intake (<100 g/day). During visit 3, the participants reviewed their CGM and log data. The primary outcome was satisfaction with the use of CGM and low-carbohydrate diet. The secondary outcomes included feasibility, weight, and HbA1c change, and percentage of time spent in hyperglycemia. Changes in attitudes and risk perception of developing diabetes were also assessed.

Results
The overall satisfaction rate of our intervention was 93%. The intervention induced a weight reduction of 1.4 lb (P=.02) and a reduction of HbA1c levels by 0.71% (P<.001) since enrollment. Although not significantly, the percentage of time above glucose goal and average daily glucose levels decreased slightly during the study period. Qualitative interview themes indicated no major barriers to CGM use; the acceptance of a low-carbohydrate diet; and that CGMs helped to visualize the impact of carbohydrates on the body, driving dietary changes.

Conclusions
The use of CGMs and low-carbohydrate diet coaching to drive dietary changes in patients with prediabetes is feasible and acceptable to patients. This novel method merits further exploration, as the preliminary data indicate that combining CGM use with low-carbohydrate diet coaching drives dietary changes, which may ultimately prevent T2DM.
The Role of Enjoyment in a Serious Game for Binge Drinking Prevention: Pretest-Posttest Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Hong Traci , Cabrera Joshua , Beaudoin Christopher E 
Published: October 2020

Background
Although binge drinking peaks at age 21 to 25 years, there is limited research on the effects of serious games in this population, as well as on the process by which playing serious games impacts alcohol-related outcomes. Designed with both health behavioral theory and game theory, One Shot is an online serious game that aims to prevent binge drinking.

Objective
This study utilized a conceptual model for serious video game processes. Using One Shot, the model assessed the following process stages: (1) Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C); (2) in-game factors of game time and risky alcohol decisions; (3) game enjoyment; and (4) postgame outcomes of intention to drink less and drinking refusal self-efficacy.

Methods
In a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, a sample (N=550) of young adults (age 21-25 years) who reported recent binge drinking played the One Shot game. Intention to drink less and drinking refusal self-efficacy were measured at pregame and postgame, with their effects lagged in statistical analysis. Participants were presented with various scenarios in the game that pertained to risky alcohol decisions, which, along with game time, were unobtrusively recorded by the server. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the conceptual model, with assessments made to determine if enjoyment mediated the effects of game time and risky alcohol decisions on the 2 postgame alcohol-related outcomes.

Results
A well-fitting SEM demonstrated support for the multistep model, with AUDIT-C predicting risky alcohol decisions (β=.30). Risky alcohol decisions (β=−.22) and game time (β=.18) predicted enjoyment, which, in turn, predicted intention to drink less (β=.21) and drinking refusal self-efficacy (β=.16). Enjoyment significantly (P<.001) mediated the effects of game time and risky alcohol decision on intention to drink less and drinking refusal self-efficacy.

Conclusions
The results support a conceptual model in which staggered individual and in-game factors influence alcohol-related outcomes. Enjoyment is important for participants’ intentions to drink less and beliefs that they can refuse alcohol.
Integrating a Machine Learning System Into Clinical Workflows: Qualitative Study
Authors: Sandhu Sahil , Lin Anthony L , Brajer Nathan , Sperling Jessica , Ratliff William , Bedoya Armando D , Balu Suresh , O'Brien Cara , Sendak Mark P 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundMachine learning models have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and management of acute conditions. Despite growing efforts to evaluate and validate such models, little is known about how to best translate and implement these products as part of routine clinical care.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the factors influencing the integration of a machine learning sepsis early warning system (Sepsis Watch) into clinical workflows.MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with 15 frontline emergency department physicians and rapid response team nurses who participated in the Sepsis Watch quality improvement initiative. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. We used a modified grounded theory approach to identify key themes and analyze qualitative data.ResultsA total of 3 dominant themes emerged: perceived utility and trust, implementation of Sepsis Watch processes, and workforce considerations. Participants described their unfamiliarity with machine learning models. As a result, clinician trust was influenced by the perceived accuracy and utility of the model from personal program experience. Implementation of Sepsis Watch was facilitated by the easy-to-use tablet application and communication strategies that were developed by nurses to share model outputs with physicians. Barriers included the flow of information among clinicians and gaps in knowledge about the model itself and broader workflow processes.ConclusionsThis study generated insights into how frontline clinicians perceived machine learning models and the barriers to integrating them into clinical workflows. These findings can inform future efforts to implement machine learning interventions in real-world settings and maximize the adoption of these interventions.
A Self-Administered Multicomponent Web-Based Mental Health Intervention for the Mexican Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dominguez-Rodriguez Alejandro , De La Rosa-Gómez Anabel , Hernández Jiménez M Jesús , Arenas-Landgrave Paulina , Martínez-Luna Sofía Cristina , Alvarez Silva Joabian , García Hernández José Ernesto , Arzola-Sánchez Carlos , Acosta Guzmán Victoria 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has become a public health emergency of international concern; it has not only threatened people's physical health but has also affected their mental health and psychological well-being. It is necessary to develop and offer strategies to reduce the psychological impact of the outbreak and promote adaptive coping.ObjectiveThis study protocol aims to describe a self-administered web-based intervention (Mental Health COVID-19) based on the principles of positive psychology supported by elements of cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral activation therapy to reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression and increase positive emotions and sleep quality during and after the COVID-19 outbreak through a telepsychology system.MethodsA randomized controlled clinical superiority trial with two independent groups will be performed, with intrasubject measures at four evaluation periods: pretest, posttest, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: self-administered intervention with assistance via chat or self-administered intervention without assistance via chat. The total required sample size will be 166 participants (83 per group).ResultsThe clinical trial is ongoing. This protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Board of the Free School of Psychology-University of Behavioral Sciences (Escuela libre de Psicología-Universidad de Ciencias del Comportamiento). The aim is to publish the preliminary results in December 2020. A conservative approach will be adopted, and the size effect will be estimated using the Cohen d index with a significance level (α) of .05 (95% reliability) and a conventional 80% power statistic.ConclusionsThe central mechanism of action will be to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention based on positive psychology through a web platform that can be delivered through computers and tablets, with content that has been rigorously contextualized to the Mexican culture to provide functional strategies to help the target users cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04468893; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04468893International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/23117
The Hidden Pandemic of Family Violence During COVID-19: Unsupervised Learning of Tweets
Authors: Xue Jia , Chen Junxiang , Chen Chen , Hu Ran , Zhu Tingshao 
Published: October 2020

Background
Family violence (including intimate partner violence/domestic violence, child abuse, and elder abuse) is a hidden pandemic happening alongside COVID-19. The rates of family violence are rising fast, and women and children are disproportionately affected and vulnerable during this time.

Objective
This study aims to provide a large-scale analysis of public discourse on family violence and the COVID-19 pandemic on Twitter.

Methods
We analyzed over 1 million tweets related to family violence and COVID-19 from April 12 to July 16, 2020. We used the machine learning approach Latent Dirichlet Allocation and identified salient themes, topics, and representative tweets.

Results
We extracted 9 themes from 1,015,874 tweets on family violence and the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) increased vulnerability: COVID-19 and family violence (eg, rising rates, increases in hotline calls, homicide); (2) types of family violence (eg, child abuse, domestic violence, sexual abuse); (3) forms of family violence (eg, physical aggression, coercive control); (4) risk factors linked to family violence (eg, alcohol abuse, financial constraints, guns, quarantine); (5) victims of family violence (eg, the LGBTQ [lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning] community, women, women of color, children); (6) social services for family violence (eg, hotlines, social workers, confidential services, shelters, funding); (7) law enforcement response (eg, 911 calls, police arrest, protective orders, abuse reports); (8) social movements and awareness (eg, support victims, raise awareness); and (9) domestic violence–related news (eg, Tara Reade, Melissa DeRosa).

Conclusions
This study overcomes limitations in the existing scholarship where data on the consequences of COVID-19 on family violence are lacking. We contribute to understanding family violence during the pandemic by providing surveillance via tweets. This is essential for identifying potentially useful policy programs that can offer targeted support for victims and survivors as we prepare for future outbreaks.
O reconhecimento pessoal e a psicologia judiciária: falibilidade do testemunho como reforço do etiquetamento e violação ao in dubio pro reo.
Authors: Magalhães Marina Trindade 
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho aborda o tema do reconhecimento pessoal no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos, bem como o estudo da psicologia judiciária relacionada ao testemunho. O objetivo desta pesquisa é entender qual é o tratamento dado à colheita da prova testemunhal no Brasil? E nos Estados Unidos? Quais são os fatores que influenciam na falibilidade do testemunho? Por fim, a inobservância dos requisitos do art. 226 do Código de Processo Penal representa reforço à Teoria do Etiquetamento e à seletividade penal? Como metodologia, adotou-se a revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema e a análise de alguns acórdãos exemplificativos sobre o assunto. O trabalho visou analisar a literatura, nacional e norte-americana, sobre o reconhecimento pessoal; examinar o entendimento jurisprudencial acerca do tema; abordar variados fatores que podem influenciar no ato do reconhecimento pessoal; e, por fim, debater sobre a seletividade penal, que pode ser reforçada pela inobservância dos critérios legais para o reconhecimento pessoal. Conclui-se que, embora careça de atualizações, o art. 226 do Código de Processo Penal deveria ser respeitado em sua integralidade, de modo a evitar a influência de fatores, como as falsas memórias e as problemáticas que envolvem o reconhecimento cross-racial, o weapon effect, dentre outros. Com respeito à legislação, aliado a técnicas adequadas de entrevista testemunhal, evita-se, assim, o fortalecimento da seletividade penal e da Teoria do Etiquetamento.