bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1270The epidemiological and phenotypic characteristics of SCD victims with ARVC in Sweden between 2000-2010: a Nationwide study
Authors: Kommata V , Delgado-Vega A , Wisten A , Hagstrom E , Stattin E L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is autosomal dominant inherited, and associated with a significant risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to a progressive fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium predisposing for ventricular arrhythmias. It is a main cause of SCD in individuals younger than 40 years of age. The prevalence of ARVC in young individuals with SCD in Sweden has recently been approximated to 4 %, but the characteristics of these patients have not been described before.

Purpose
To study the patient characteristics, physical activity level, medical history, family history and symptoms prior death in subjects who died due to ARVC.

Methods
A retrospective study of all subjects aged 1-35 years who died a SCD due to ARVC in Sweden between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2010. The diagnosis ARVC was based on data from a forensic or clinical autopsy and a histological examination. We also collected data from the police report, medical records, as well as through interviews with family members.

Results
A total of 552 individuals died from SCD during the study period. The study population consists of 22 cases with autopsy verified ARVC. In our cohort there were included 14 males and 8 females. The mean age was 23.7 years old (min age: 13, max age: 35).
Two subjects were diagnosed with ARVC prior to the SCD. In addition, one subject had survived a cardiac arrest a few years before, and got diagnosed with Long QT Syndrome. Another subject was diagnosed with myocarditis just a few months before death. Further, four subjects had a history of ventricular tachycardia, and three subjects had a history of seizures.

Fifteen of the subjects had experienced cardiac symptoms before SCD
nine had a history of syncope, presyncope or both; six subjects had experienced chest discomfort; nine subjects had a history of palpitations. In total, eight of fifteen subjects had sought medical care prior to SCD because of cardiac symptoms.
The majority of the cases were physically active, five participated in competitive sports and 12 in recreational activities. Regarding the type of physical activity, 15/22 participated in a high dynamic physical activity.
Twelve subjects had a positive family history of SCD. In 10 cases, there was a family history of SCD, but only in two in a first degree relative. Three family members had ICD. In four cases there was a family history of cardiomyopathy (one case with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, one with myocarditis, and two with ARVC). CPVT was also diagnosed in one family prior to SCD.

Conclusions
In this nationwide study of SCD in the young, only two of the 22 subjects had a clinical diagnosis of ARVC prior to death, despite that, most of the individuals had either a history of ventricular arrhythmias or had experienced cardiac symptoms.
P1480French experience of SICD implantation
Authors: Proukhnitzky J , Badenco N , Gandjbakhch E , Maupain C , Waintraub X , Duthoit G , Hidden-Lucet F , Marijon E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

OnBehalf
GPUR

Introduction
The subcutaneous ICD prevents complications of transvenous leads. Its implantation needs a defibrillation test. Performing this test increases the time of procedures..

Purpose
The aim of our study is to describe the experience of subcutaneous ICD of Assitance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP).

Materials and Methods
In a retrospective cohort we included patients who were involved in subcutaneous ICD treatment at the 5 hospitals of AP-HP from December 2012 to April 2018.Analysis used the Kaplan-Meier method and the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results
162 patients were implanted. 76% of implantations were for secondary prevention before 2017, but only 49% after 2017. 126 (77%) tests were successful at first shock, 14 (8.6%) needed a second shock or more, 9 (5.5%) did not have a test. The shock impedance was significantly higher when the shock was not effective at the first test, 82 ohms CI 95% [68; 112] versus 66 ohms CI 95% [64; 70], p &lt;0.05. 6 patients died (3.7%). Late follow up showed 23 (10%) appropriate shocks and 24 inappropriate shocks (11%) mainly due to T wave oversensing (37.5%).

Conclusions
This is the first french experience of SICD implantation. Success of defibrillation test was lower than expected.
Caracteristics of implantation General anesthesia (%) 162 (100) Procedure time (min) Mean ± SD (median)Range 73± 24 (60)20-165 Cameron Health (%) Generator SQ-RX ® 1010 12 (7.4) Boston Scientific (%) Generator EMBLEM ® A209 100 (61.7) Generator EMBLEM ® A219 44 (27.2) VF time (sec) Mean ± SD (median)Range 16.5± 3.4(15)10-37 Shock Impedance (ohm) Mean ± SD (median) Range 72 ± 12.7 (68) 42-130 Success at 1st shock (%) 126 (77.7) Success at 2nd shock or more (%) 14 (8.6) No test performed (%) 12 (7.4) Implantation caracteristics and defibrillation testing. Impedance was significantly higher in patients without success at first shock : 82 ohms CI 95% [68 ;112] vs 66 ohms CI 95% [64 ;70], p &lt; 0.05.
Abstract Figure. Survival without inappropriate shock
A real-time policy dashboard can aid global transparency in the response to coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Head Michael G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
There has been great provision of open data across the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic response, with, for example, dashboards presenting real-time descriptions of new daily cases and risk factors. Transparency has been an important discussion point and there have been concerns and criticisms of governments for not publishing the evidence base that is informing their decision-making. A ‘policy dashboard’ could act as a hub to show the localised reasoning behind COVID-19 policy decisions and allow the global health community to provide further support to governments and international stakeholders.
Why real-world health information technology performance transparency is challenging, even when everyone (claims to) want it
Authors: Adler-Milstein Julia , Thao Crishyashi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Crowdsourced ratings have driven increased performance transparency between consumers and suppliers. While many industries have benefitted from such transparency, crowdsourced ratings have struggled to scale in the healthcare domain. In theory, interoperability services offer an ideal setting for crowdsourced ratings: costs are high, performance is variable, and information asymmetries between provider organizations (customers) and vendors offering interoperability solutions exist. Via a Cooperative Agreement between the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology and University of California, San Francisco, we developed InteropSelect, a public website that allows crowdsourced ratings of interoperability service purchases. While we garnered broad engagement during the development process, the site failed to attract sufficient reviewers, which is fundamental to the success of crowdsourcing. Additional challenges included the lack of service commoditization that resulted in a complex rating form and lack of market dynamics that facilitated vendor engagement. Our lessons cast doubt on whether crowdsourcing and similar performance transparency efforts under the 21st Century Cures Act will succeed.
The Epidemiology of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in a Pediatric Healthcare Network in the United States
Authors: Otto William R , Geoghegan Sarah , Posch Leila C , Bell Louis M , Coffin Susan E , Sammons Julia S , Harris Rebecca M , Odom John Audrey R , Luan Xianqun , Gerber Jeffrey S 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the prevalence and clinical presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 in pediatric patients can help healthcare providers and systems prepare and respond to this emerging pandemic.MethodsThis was a retrospective case series of patients tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) across a pediatric healthcare network, including clinical features and outcomes of those with positive test results.ResultsOf 7256 unique children tested for SARS-CoV-2, 424 (5.8%) tested positive. Patients aged 18–21 years had the highest test positive rate (11.2%), while those aged 1–5 years had the lowest (3.9%). By race, 10.6% (226/2132) of black children tested positive vs 3.3% (117/3592) of white children. By indication for testing, 21.1% (371/1756) of patients with reported exposures or clinical symptoms tested positive vs 3.8% (53/1410) of those undergoing preprocedural or preadmission testing. Of 424 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 182 (42.9%) had no comorbidities, 87 (20.5%) had asthma, and 55 (13.0%) were obese. Overall, 52.1% had cough, 51.2% fever, and 14.6% shortness of breath. Seventy-seven (18.2%) SARS-CoV-2–positive patients were hospitalized, of whom 24 (31.2%) required respiratory support. SARS-CoV-2-targeted antiviral therapy was given to 9 patients, and immunomodulatory therapy to 18 patients. Twelve (2.8%) SARS-CoV-2-positive patients required mechanical ventilation, and 2 patients required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Two patients died.ConclusionsIn this large cohort of pediatric patients tested for SARS-CoV-2, the rate of infection was low but varied by testing indication. The majority of cases were mild and few children had critical illness.
Keynote: Digital experimentation, courageous citizenship, and Caribbean futurism
Authors: Esprit Schuyler 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The violence and trauma of climate change have arrived. The Caribbean region is the unfortunate recipient of the impacts of climate change and, much like its inheritance of plantation slavery and colonialism, it is left with the infrastructural, social, and cultural pillage of imperial and neocolonial imposition. This article considers whether and how the humanities and digital humanities, in particular, can produce the ideal intersection between planetary responsibility, community accountability, and sustainable living. In this article, I discuss Create Caribbean Research Institute’s digital humanities praxis through the example of the environmental sustainability project, Carisealand. Through the exploration and discussion of theories, tools, methodologies, and praxis of digital humanities applied to the project, I position Caribbean Afrofuturism in the context of contemporary Caribbean digital environments and the lived experience of Caribbean people in the aftermath of climate change. I apply discourses of Afrofuturism to imagine an alternate Caribbean future represented in the redesign, digital imagination, and representation of selected Caribbean communities. By offering models for rethinking, visualizing, and rebuilding physical spaces, I hope to raise questions and offer insights about the power of digital humanities for social and environmental justice in the contemporary and future Caribbean. The goal is to also offer the model as a template for developing other mapping projects that can propose an alternate future for the Global South.
Impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on 1-year survival in glioblastoma patients
Authors: Moghavem Nuriel , Oh Debora L , Santiago-Rodríguez Eduardo J , Tate William J , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Thomas Reena 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment requires access to complex medical services, and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) sought to expand access to health care, including complex oncologic care. Whether the implementation of the ACA was subsequently associated with changes in 1-year survival in GBM is not known.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We identified patients with the primary diagnosis of GBM between 2008 and 2016. A multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model was developed using patient and clinical characteristics to determine the main outcome: the 1-year cumulative probability of death by state expansion status.

Results
A total of 25 784 patients and 14 355 deaths at 1 year were identified and included in the analysis, 49.7% were older than 65 at diagnosis. Overall 1-year cumulative probability of death for GBM patients in non-expansion versus expansion states did not significantly worsen over the 2 time periods (2008–2010: hazard ratio [HR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.19; 2014–2016: HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.09–1.27). In GBM patients younger than age 65 at diagnosis, there was a nonsignificant trend toward the poorer 1-year cumulative probability of death in non-expansion versus expansion states (2008–2010: HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.97–1.22; 2014–2016: HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09–1.40).

Conclusions
No differences were found over time in survival for GBM patients in expansion versus non-expansion states. Further study may reveal whether GBM patients diagnosed younger than age 65 in expansion states experienced improvements in 1-year survival.
The Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in Adults With Bronchiectasis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Chun-Lan , Huang Yan , Martinez-Garcia Miguel Angel , Yuan Jing-Jing , Li Hui-Min , de la Rosa-Carrillo David , Han Xiao-Rong , Chen Rong-Chang , Guan Wei-Jie , Zhong Nan-Shan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is implicated in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We aimed to determine whether EBV correlates with bronchiectasis severity, exacerbations, and progression.

Methods
We collected induced sputum in healthy controls and spontaneous sputum at 3–6-month intervals and onset of exacerbations in bronchiectasis patients between March 2017 and October 2018. EBV DNA was detected with quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results
We collected 442 sputum samples from 108 bronchiectasis patients and 50 induced sputum samples from 50 healthy controls. When stable, bronchiectasis patients yielded higher detection rates of EBV DNA (48.1% vs 20.0%; P = .001), but not viral loads (mean log10 load, 4.45 vs 4.76; P = .266), compared with controls; 64.9% of patients yielded consistent detection status between 2 consecutive stable visits. Neither detection rate (40.8% vs 48.1%; P = .393) nor load (mean log10 load, 4.34 vs 4.45; P = .580) differed between the onset of exacerbations and stable visits, nor between exacerbations and convalescence. Neither detection status nor viral loads correlated with bronchiectasis severity. EBV loads correlated negatively with sputum interleukin-1β (P = .002), CXC motif chemokine-8 (P = .008), and tumor necrosis factor–α levels (P = .005). Patients initially detected with, or repeatedly detected with, EBV DNA had significantly faster lung function decline and shorter time to next exacerbations (both P &lt; .05) than those without. Detection of EBV DNA was unrelated to influenza virus and opportunistic bacteria (all P &gt; .05). The EBV strains detected in bronchiectasis patients were phylogenetically homologous.

Conclusions
Patients with detection of EBV DNA have a shorter time to bronchiectasis exacerbations. EBV may contribute to bronchiectasis progression.
Effectiveness of Copper-Impregnated Solid Surfaces on Lowering Microbial Bio-Burden Levels in an Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Chatterjee Piyali , Williams Marjory D , Coppin John D , Allton Yonhui , Choi Hosoon , Martel Julie Ann D , Zeber John E , Nelson Richard E , Donskey Curtis J , Jinadatha Chetan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicrobial bio-burden on high-touch surfaces in patient rooms may lead to acquisition of health care–associated infections in acute care hospitals. This study examined the effect of a novel copper-impregnated solid material (16%–20% copper oxide in a polymer-based resin) on bacterial contamination on high-touch surfaces in patient rooms in an acute care hospital.MethodsFive high-touch surfaces were sampled for aerobic bacterial colonies (ABCs) 3 times per day over a 3-day period in 16 rooms with copper installed and 16 rooms with standard noncopper laminate installed on high-touch surfaces. A Bayesian multilevel negative binomial regression model was used to compare ABC plate counts from copper-impregnated surfaces with standard hospital laminate surfaces.ResultsThe mean and median (interquartile range [IQR]) ABC counts from copper-impregnated surfaces were 25.5 and 11 (4–27), and for standard hospital laminate surfaces they were 60.5 and 29 (10–74.3). The negative binomial regression model–estimated incidence rate for ABC counts on plates taken from copper-impregnated surfaces was 0.40 (0.21–0.70) times the incidence rate of ABC counts on plates taken from standard hospital laminate surfaces.ConclusionsCopper-impregnated solid surfaces may reduce the level of microbial contamination on high-touch surfaces in patient rooms in the acute care environment, as our study demonstrated a decline in microbial bio-burden on samples taken from copper-impregnated compared with standard hospital laminate high-touch surfaces.
Joseph Smith's Translation
Authors: Brown Samuel Morris 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Among many remarkable claims, Mormon founder Joseph Smith reported that he had translated ancient scriptures. He dictated the Book of Mormon, an American Bible from metal plates associated with Native antiquity; directly rewrote the King James Bible; and produced a scripture, derived from Egyptian funerary papyri, that he called the Book of Abraham. Smith and his followers used the term “translation” to describe the genesis of these English texts, which remain canonical for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Most commenters see these scriptures as merely linguistic objects; the central and controversial question has been whether Smith’s English texts are literal translations of extant source documents. On closer inspection, though, his translations are far more metaphysical than linguistic. These translations express a nonordinary power of language to connect people across barriers of space and time. Within these metaphysical scriptures, Smith expounded a theology of human deification that he also termed “translation.” This one word thus referred to a scripture capable of mediating between the living and the dead and to the transformation of humans into divine beings. Joseph Smith’s projects of metaphysical translation place Mormonism at a productive edge of tense transitions later associated with secular modernity, a modernity challenged by the very existence of the Latter-day Saints. Smith’s translations and the theology that supported them illuminate the power and vulnerability of his critique of American culture in transition as they set the stage for two more centuries of cultural change.
Introduction
Authors: Brown Samuel Morris 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Joseph Smith and his Latter-day Saints are caught out of time; they are much like living fossils. Their religious tradition is at once ancient and profoundly modern. While the movement arrived in the nineteenth century, it situated itself in the ancient past and the millennial future. Smith mediated between those times with scriptural translations best understood as targums—oral expansions, revisions, and interpretations that achieve the status of scripture—of the Bible, especially the first eleven chapters of Genesis and their primeval history. These targums reconfigure the Bible and create the possibility of a biblical world occupied by the Latter-day Saints. Smith’s targums and his metaphysics of translation were together concerned with escape routes from three modern prisons: mortal language, flattened time, and individualism.
The Nature of Time
Authors: Brown Samuel Morris 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The wild time of the Bible’s primeval history became progressively less accessible across the nineteenth century. Many philosophers and cultural agents intended time to be flat, linear, and homogeneous. Joseph Smith disagreed, strenuously. He encouraged his followers to live a different form of time, inhabiting the past and present simultaneously, even as he was coy about his relationship to traditional Christian understandings of eternity. Smith’s effort to bind time into a sacred simultaneity famously included attempts to live anciently biblical lives, which included polygamy and apparently never-realized plans for animal sacrifice. These efforts at sacred simultaneity were intended to create and strengthen relationships between the living and the dead and to free Latter-day Saints from the prison of flat time.
Rereading the Bible
Authors: Brown Samuel Morris 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the aftermath of the Book of Mormon, Smith and his disciples saw that the King James Bible itself needed to be more directly repaired, in a project they called the New Translation. The project encompassed three phases: (1) visionary work on the primeval history, (2) direct repair of the English text, and (3) marvelously literal exegeses that extended through Smith’s entire career. Contrary to prior treatments, this New Translation project also included large sections of the scripture called Doctrine and Covenants. This chapter on Smith’s Bible translation activities more clearly integrates them with his other scriptures and his ongoing work of targumizing the Bible.
Epilogue
Authors: Brown Samuel Morris 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Joseph Smith’s mode of thought expressed his avid interest in ideas, concepts, and possibilities that openly defied American norms and expectations. He was especially prone to reject dualisms (matter and spirit, immanent and transcendent, profane and sacred) in a way that merged complementary realms without using them up in the process. Early Latter-day Saint theology argued by its presence and its sensibilities that the cultural trade-offs and limitations that seem necessary to us on the other side of the twentieth century were not inevitable. There was no mandatory compromise between this-worldly flourishing and other-worldly happiness, between human agency and divine presence, between the mechanisms of human life and their eternal meanings.
Introduction
Authors: Compton John W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This introduction develops a theoretical framework capable of explaining both the rise of white Protestant social concern in the latter part of the nineteenth century and its sudden demise at the end of the twentieth. The theory proceeds from the premise that religious conviction, by itself, is rarely sufficient to motivate empathetic political behavior. When believers do act empathetically—for example, by championing reforms that transfer resources or political influence to less privileged groups within society—it is typically because strong religious institutions have compelled them to do so. For much of American history, the socioeconomic significance of church membership, coupled with a robust network of ecumenical institutions, endowed mainline Protestant leaders with considerable authority over the beliefs and actions of their congregations. Beginning in the late 1960s, however, the collapse of mainline Protestant authority fueled the rise of an evangelical movement whose leaders were incentivized to echo the increasingly conservative political convictions of the broader white electorate.