bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-production as a co-creation or co-destruction process? An internal evaluation of&nbsp;a co- production exercise with family caregivers living in a rural and remote area &nbsp;
Authors: Gheduzzi Eleonora , Masella Cristina , Morelli Niccolò , Graffigna Guendalina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Co-production has been widely recognized as a plausible means to reduce the dissatisfaction of service users, the inefficacy of service providers, and conflicts in relations between the former and the latter. However, this enhancement of co-production has started to be questioned: co-production is not always a panacea, and its effects may not always be fruitful. To understand and prevent unsuccessful user and provider collaboration, the recent literature has begun to focus on the causes of co-destruction. This paper investigates how the possible limiting factors that arose during the co-production of a new social service with family caregivers of older patients living in a rural and remote area might influence the process of co-creation and/or co-destruction. Methods: To investigate this topic, we performed a single case study by considering a longitudinal project (Place4Carers) intended to co-produce a new social care service with and for the family caregivers of elderly patients living in a rural and remote area. We organised collaborative co-assessment workshops and semi-structured interviews to collect the views of family caregivers and service providers on the co-production process. As part of the research team that participated in the co-production process, we contributed to the analysis with a reflexive approach. Results: The results confirmed that the project experienced both the processes of co-creation and co-destruction. Some dimensions are crucial in such processes. In particular, the dimension related to trust in the promoter of a project and the other partners can determine its success or failure. Moreover, the level and effectiveness of engagement and creating a cohesive partnership among partners are key aspects for a co-creative project. Conclusions: Our article confirms that the co-creation and co-destruction processes coexist. The role of researchers and service providers is to prevent or remedy co-destruction effects. To this end, we suggest that in co-creative projects more time should be spent on creating mutual trust through conviviality among participants, and institutions should foster collaborative research in order to help organizations that are not used to working together. Hence, particular attention should be paid to internal evaluative procedures.
Network analysis of firearm movement among US states
Authors: Takada Sae , Choi Kristen , Natsui Shaw , Saadi Altaf , Buchbinder Liza , Easterlin Molly , Zimmerman Frederick 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The movement of firearm across state lines may decrease the effectiveness of state-level firearm laws. Yet how state-level firearm policies affect cross-state movement have not yet been widely explored. This study aims to characterize the interstate movement of firearms and its relationship with state-level firearm policies. Methods : Cross-sectional time series network analysis of interstate firearm movement using Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives firearm trace data (2010 -2017). We constructed the network of firearm movement between 50 states. We used zero-inflated negative binomial regression to estimate the relationship between the number of a state’s firearm laws and number of states for which it was the source of 100 or more firearms, adjusting for state characteristics. We used a similar model to examine the relationship between firearm laws and the number of states for which a given state was the destination of 100 or more firearms. Results : Over the 8-year period, states had an average of 26 (SD 25.2) firearm laws. On average, a state was the source of 100 or more crime-related firearms for 2.2 (SD 2.7) states and was the destination of 100 or more crime-related firearms for 2.2 (SD 3.4) states. Greater number of firearm laws was associated with states being the source of 100 or more firearms to fewer states (IRR0.67 per SD, p<0.001), higher odds of not being a source to any states (aOR1.56 per SD, p<0.001), and states being the destination of 100 or more firearms from more states (IRR1.83 per SD, p<0.001). Conclusions: Restrictive firearm policies are associated with less movement of firearms to other states, but with more movement of firearms from outside states. The effectiveness of state-level firearm-restricting laws is complicated by a network of interstate firearm movement.
Life Satisfaction among a Clinical Eating Disorder Population
Authors: Claydon Elizabeth , DeFazio Caterina , Lilly Christa L. , Zullig Keith J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:The primary objective was to understand life satisfaction (LS) of patients with eating disorders (EDs) in relation to eating pathology severity, personal/familial ED history, and key demographic and anthropometric variables.Methods:Participants (N=60) completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Eating Pathology Severity Index (EPSI), and demographic questionnaires. Bivariate associations via correlations and multiple linear regression models were used to explore these relationships.Results:The SWLS mean score was 3.7 out of 7, suggesting it is below the population-based norm. LS was positively statistically significantly associated with private insurance, past ED, EPSI muscle building, EPSI restricted eating, and EPSI negative attitudes. When included in multiple linear regression, the model explained 33% of the variability of LS [F (7, 56) = 3.4, p = 0.0054, R 2 = 0.33]. EPSI muscle building remained the strongest predictor (β = 0.13, p = 0.04).Conclusions:Based on the data, individuals who have/have had EDs scored lower on the SWLS than the general population. Individuals scoring within this range typically experience significant issues in several areas of life or a substantial issue in one area.
Therapeutic activity of sarpogrelate, and dopamine D2 receptor agonists on cardiovascular and renal systems in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Fouad Mohamed , Latif Hekma A. Abd El , Galal May , Yamani Mohammed El , Hassaneen Sherifa , Masoaad Raneem 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The investigation aims to represent the activity of sarpogrelate, a particular 5-HT (2A) receptor blocker, in reducing myocardial injury prompted by extended haul utilization of D2 agonist drugs in diabetic rats. Dopamine D2 agonists are notable medications in the treatment of Parkinsonism, hyperprolactinemia, and hyperglycemia. An affiliation showed between the enlistment of myocardial injury ailment and long term treatment with dopamine D2 agonist drugs identified with the partial initiation of 5-HT 2a receptors. Methods: Both bromocriptine and cabergoline were managed independently and combined with sarpogelate for about a month to diabetic nephropathy rats. Both tail-cuff blood pressure and BGL were recorded weekly. For all animals, kidney hypertrophy index, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels were measured after one month of treatment. The severity of the cardiac injury was assessed by the estimation of LDH-1, cardiac troponin I, and TNFα. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining method used to determine experimental myocardial infarction (MI) size. Results: Bromocriptine and cabergoline created a significant reduction in BGL, BP, and kidney hypertrophy index in diabetic nephropathy rats. Administration of bromocriptine, cabergoline, alone, or in combination with sarbogrelate fundamentally diminished blood concentrations of ALP, AST, urea, and creatinine. Bromocriptine and cabergoline alone showed noteworthy ascending of LDH-1, Troponin I, and TNFα1 levels in the serum (p<0.05). Paradoxically, utilizing bromocriptine and cabergoline with sarpogrelate treatment altogether diminished the degree of the myocardial biomarkers in the serum. A mix of bromocriptine or cabergoline with sarpogrelate diminished the level of the myocardial infarct size in the heart assessed utilizing the TTC staining method. Conclusions: The examination exhibited that both bromocriptine and cabergoline could be utilized safely in blend with sarpogrelate for a long duration of treatment for diseases like hypertension and diabetes.
Swi6/HP1 binding to RNA-DNA hybrids initiates heterochromatin assembly
Authors: Singh Jagmohan , Kumar Jyotsna , Haldar Swati , Gupta Neelima , Kumar Viney , Thakur Manisha , Chandradoss Keerthivasan , Ghose Debarghya , Dutta Dipak , Sandhu Kuljeet 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Heterochromatin formation in fission yeast and metazoans involves di/trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 position (me2/me3-K9-H3) by the histone methyltransferase (HMT) Suv39/Clr4, followed by binding of Swi6/HP1 to me2/me3-K9-H3 via its chromodomain1. Subsequent self-association of Swi6/HP1 on adjacent nucleosomes leads to folded heterochromatin structure1-3. An alternate model suggests a concerted participation of Clr4 and Swi6/HP12,3. HP1 binding to RNA has been invoked for heterochromatin silencing in metazoans4,5. Swi6/HP1 also binds and channels RNA to exosome pathway in fission yeast6. Recruitment of Swi6/HP1 to centromere is also dependent on the RNAi pathway7. Here we show that Swi6/HP1 exhibits binding to RNAs, ranging from promiscuous, low-affinity binding to mRNAs, to moderate-affinity binding to the RNAi-generated siRNAs corresponding to the repeats present in heterochromatin regions7, to high affinity binding to the RNA-DNA hybrids cognate to the repeats. Together with sensitivity of Swi6 localization and silencing to RNaseH, our results suggest a dynamic distribution of Swi6/HP1 among the heterochromatin and euchromatic transcripts and binding to RNA-DNA hybrid as an RNAi-dependent and Me2/me3-K9-H3-independent mechanism of recruitment, leading to heterochromatin formation and silencing.
Up-Regulation of Urinary Exosomal Hsa-microRNA-200b-3p and Hsa-microRNA-206 in Patients of Steroid-induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head
Authors: Chen Delong , Zhang Gangyu , Li Ying , Zhang Meng , He Qi , Yang Junzheng , Wen Longfei , Zou Xuting , Li Ziqi , Wang Haibin , Chen Peng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:Urine exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in the occurrence and development of various diseases. However, less is known about miRNAs in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). Here, we aimed to determine the value of miRNAs in urinary exosomes in the diagnosis of SONFH.Methods:RNA was extracted from urinary exosomes from 9 SONFH patients and 9 hip osteoarthritis (HOA) patients with age and gender matched and then miRNAs were analyzed by next generation sequencing. Next, the putative target genes of dysregulated miRNAs were predicted by miRNA databases. Furthermore, GO function, KEGG pathway, miRNAs-mRNAs network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were also constructed to analyze potentially pathological mechanisms. qRT-PCR and area under curve (AUC) analysis were performed to determine the diagnostic value of miRNAs. This study was approved by ethics review board in 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine.Results:Intriguingly, 15 miRNAs including hsa-miR-200b-3p and hsa-miR-206 were significantly upregulated in exosomes from SONFH patients. Furthermore, qRT-PCR and area under curve (AUC) analysis of an independent cohort of 30 SONFH patients, 10 HOA patients and 10 healthy donors confirmed that hsa-miR-200b-3p and hsa-miR-206 were upregulated in SONFH samples which AUC values were 0.938 (95 % CI: 0.828-1) and 0.926 (95 % CI: 0.806-1) respectively. The enriched functions and pathways included Hippo, PI3K-Akt, TGF-β and Wnt signaling pathways. The top five hub genes (MAPK1, EP300, RHOA, PIK3CA, and CBL) were selected from PPI network, which consisted of 180 nodes and 518 edges. Conclusions:Collectively, our results showed that hsa-miR-200b-3p and hsa-miR-206 in urinary exosomes which might serve as non-invasive biomarkers for SONFH.
The T helper (Th) T Cytotoxic (Tc) Ratio in Hemophilia Disease
Authors: Khazaei Hossein Ali , Naderi Majid , Aliabad Ghasem Miri , Tabatabaei Seyed Mohammad Nasiraldin , Alidadi Ali , Moulaei Nezar Ali , Safdari Mohammad , Nahvi Hedayatollah , Cohan Nader , dehghan javid , Mehraban Ahmad , Jalili Arman , Khazaei amin , Khazaei Ehsan , Khazaei Bahman , Khazaei Behnam , Rezaei Nima 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and Objectives:In this study, we investigated the T helper (Th) to T cytotoxic (Tc) ratio in children suffered from hemophilia disease. 80 diagnostic subjects referred to Ali Asghar hospital of Zahedan city, Zahedan-Iran, were selected and the ratio of these cells were analyzed by analytic descriptive methods.Method of study:Two mls of EDTA anti coagulated whole blood was collected. Immunophenotyping of lymphocytes count was carried out by FACS analysis using a double CD4 and CD8 kit. The mean ± SD of absolute numbers of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes/ml was calculated and the ratio of CD4/CD8 was evaluated by statistical method.Results:We found 100% of patients were type A hemophilia. Among of them 66 (82.5%) were male. The mean age was 15±3.51 years. 12 (15%) of them had mild disease intensity and 68 (85%) had sever disease intensity. The ratio of CD4 and CD8 was obtained between 0.45 and 1.44 with mean1.79 ±0.78 and correlation with the gender and disease intesivity was 0.095 and 0.019 respectively.Conclusions:The results showed that the ratio of T helper (Th) to T cytotoxic (Tc) has significant correlation with
Prognostic Value of an Immunohistochemical Signature in Patients with Bladder Cancer Undergoing Radical Cystectomy
Authors: Wu Jie , Wen Jun-Miao , Wang Yu-Chen , Luo Wen-Jie , Wang Qi-Feng , Lv Hong , Dai Bo , Ye Ding-Wei , Zhu Yi-Ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of a various of diagnostic immunohistochemical (IHC) markers and develop an IHC-based classifier to predict the disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with bladder cancer (BC) undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).METHODS: IHC was performed on tumor specimens from 366 patients with transitional cell BC. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model was used to develop a multi-marker classifier for predicting DFS of patients with BC. The Kaplan–Meier estimate was performed to assess DFS, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to identify independent risk factors to predict DFS of patients with BC.RESULTS: Based on the LASSO Cox regression model, nine prognostic markers were identified in the training cohort. Patients were stratified into low- and high-risk groups using the IHC-based classifier. In the training cohort, the 10-year DFS was significantly better in low-risk patients (70.7%) compared with high-risk patients (17.9%) (p＜0.001); in the validation cohort, the 10-year DFS was 85.7% for the low-risk group and 20.4% for the high-risk group (p＜0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analyses showed that the high-risk group based on the nine-IHC-based classifier was associated with poorer DFS adjusted by clinicopathological characteristics. Finally, a nomogram comprising the nine-IHC classifier and clinicopathological factors was developed for clinical application.CONCLUSION: The nine-IHC-based classifier is a reliable prognostic tool, which can eventually guide clinical decision making regarding treatment strategy and follow-up scheduling of BC.
Using Real-World Data to Estimate the Changing Trends in the Prevalence and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Xiamen of China, 2014-2019
Authors: He Weiwei , Xu Qiushi , Han Lili , Wu Ting , Shi Xiulin , Ye Lishan , Yao Guanhua , Li Xuejun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide. Our study aimed to estimate the changing trends in the prevalence and incidence of diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Xiamen residents and the floating population using real-world data.Methods: We used real-world data from the System of Xiamen Citizens Health Information from 2014 to 2019 to estimate the changing trends in prevalence and incidence of diagnosed T2DM. The systems included the diagnosis of diabetes and the prescription of hypoglycemic drugs. Prevalent cases of T2DM were individuals who diagnosed T2DM and/or using hypoglycemic drugs. Incident cases were individuals with diagnosed T2DM and/or using hypoglycemic drugs in 2014 who had not diagnosed and/or no used one in the past.Results: In 2014 and 2019, the prevalence of T2DM in Xiamen was 4.04% (95% CI 4.02-4.06) and 4.84% (95% CI 4.81-4.86), respectively. In 2014 and 2019, the incidence of T2DM in Xiamen was 1.41% (95% CI 1.39-1.42) and 1.50% (95% CI 1.48-1.51), respectively. There was an increase significant in the total of the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Xiamen from 2014 to 2019 (0.80% (95% CI 0.76%-0.83%, P <0.001; 0.09% (95% CI 0.07-0.11), P<0.001, respectively). The prevalence and incidence of T2DM in people aged 18-39 years increased significantly from 2014 to 2019, while the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in people aged 40-69 years reduced significantly from 2014 to 2019. Conclusion: We found that there was an increasingly significant in the total of the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Xiamen from 2014 to 2019. The prevalence and incidence of T2DM in people aged 18-39 years increased significantly, while that in people aged 40-69 years reduced significantly indicating that the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Xiamen were significantly increased and showed a trend of younger age.
The Role of GPR56 in Neurofibromatosis type 1 Secondary to Scoliosis
Authors: Cai Siyi , Yang Yuemei , Jia Binghan , Wu Zhihong , Zhang Jianguo , Shen Jianxiong , qiu guixing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Scoliosis is a common manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 1, causing significant morbidity. The etiology of dystrophic scoliosis in neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) is not fully understood and its therapies are lacking. This article focused on how GPR56 affected the development of NF1 cells and the related factors of osteoblast and osteoclast. Methods: Through RNA-sequencing, G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR56) was found highly differential expressed in the NF1 with scoliosis samples. We measured the GPR56 how affected the NF1 cells in vitro. Then we tested the influence of GPR56 in osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Results: We reported that knockdown GPR56 promoted the proliferation and cell cycle progression of NF1 cell. Furthermore, knockdown GPR56 can inhibited the osteoblastic differentiation and osteoclast formation, but had greater influence on osteoblastic differentiation, which indicated that knockdown GPR56 can promote the deterioration of NF1 tumors, meanwhile break the dynamic balance of bone formation and bone absorption, leading to increased bone resorption and eventually scoliosis. Conclusions: In conclusion, we found that GPR56 may inhibit the proliferation and cell cycle progression of NF1. Furthermore, GPR56 can promote osteoblastic differentiation and osteoclast formation, but had greater influence on osteoblastic differentiation, which indicated that knockdown GPR56 can promote the deterioration of NF1 tumors, meanwhile break the dynamic balance of bone formation and bone absorption, leading to increased bone resorption.
The Use of Patient Reported Outcome Measures and Experiences in Patients With Anaemia Receiving Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose: A Cohort Study&nbsp;
Authors: Wyssusek Kerstin , Town Cienwen , Norton Rose , Avedissian Annie Der 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Fatigue due to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) has not been regularly evaluated in clinical studies. The aim of this study is to assess patient reported outcomes amongst individuals diagnosed with IDA before and after receiving intravenous ferric carboxymaltose. Fatigue and satisfaction will be measured using the validated Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Fatigue (FACIT-fatigue) scale and the validated Nordic Patient Experiences Questionnaire (NORPEQ), respectively.Methods: Thirty eligible patients receiving IV ferric carboxymaltose at the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital were enrolled to participate in interviews; two patients were lost to follow up. Mean change in FACIT-fatigue score from the baseline day of IV ferric carboxymaltose treatment to week 4 post treatment was measured. Patient satisfaction with the overall process of treatment was measured on the day of treatments. Approval for Ethics exemption was obtained by the RBWH ethics committee.Results: A one-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the patient questionnaire results at baseline on the day of receiving the IV ferric carboxymaltose and after a four week follow up via telephone interview. There was a significant effect of improvement of FACIT-fatigue scores on follow up at the p<.05 level [F(1,54), = 7.60, p = .008]. Patient satisfaction was assessed by analysing NORPEQ, an 8-item questionnaire. Patients had reported overall higher satisfaction scores at baseline and follow-up, averaging 91% and 94%, respectively and were not significant in treatment at the p<.05 level [F(1,52), = 1.37, p = .246].Conclusions: The use of validated patient reported outcome measures and experiences provides valuable insights into the patients’ perspective. Physiological and biochemical data outcomes are often used as the gold-standard of medical research. However, patient experience and self-perceived physiological improvement are imperative when measuring the success of a medical intervention and the benefits it provides to patients and consumers. Further research is needed to combine the subjective patient experience data with objective physical, biochemical, or physiological data. Combined, they can provide a thorough and comprehensive assessment of an intervention. Furthermore, a comparison of outcomes administering IV iron or oral iron therapy would provide valuable information about efficacy.Trial registration: Not registered
Observation of an Ultrafast Exciton Transport Regime at Early Times in Quantum Dot Solids
Authors: Zhang Zhilong , Sung Jooyoung , Toolan Daniel , Han Sanyang , Weir Michael , Xiao James , Dowland Simon , Liu Mengxia , Ryan Anthony , Jones Richard , Huang Shujuan , Rao Akshay 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Understanding and engineering exciton transport in quantum dot (QD) solids is both of fundamental interest and crucial to their broad applications in devices1-6. Till date, studies of exciton transport in QD solids on pico/nano-second timescales have led to the conclusion that closer packing of QDs enables faster exciton transport, while energetic/structural heterogeneity leads to reduction of exciton diffusivity over time7,8. Here we study PbS QD solids using transient absorption microscopy with 13 femtoseconds time resolution and 10 nm spatial precision. We find exciton diffusivities in the range of ~102 cm2 s-1 within the first few hundred femtoseconds after photoexcitation, followed by the transition to a slower transport regime with diffusivities in the range 10-1 to 1 cm2 s-1. Counterintuitively, the initial diffusivity is higher and the time before the transition to the slower transport phase is longer in QD solids with longer ligand lengths. This suggests a transition from early-time transport of delocalized excitons to later time hopping based transport of localized excitons, where QD packing density and heterogeneity accelerate the localization process. Our results reveal a new regime for exciton transport in QD solids and provide design rules to engineer desired transport properties in these systems on a range of timescales.