bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison between independent living elders and residents in 25 German Nursing Homes following the Group-Living Principle. An empirical study focusing on the subjective perspective of quality of live
Authors: Simon Anke 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective. The purpose of this study was to analyse the subjective quality of life (QoL) perceived by older people in German nursing homes following the group-living principle.Methods. The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) as health-related QoL measuring instrument was employed in 25 nursing homes (n=404 participants). A comparison with the national German representative sub-sample of independent living elders (age-group over 75) was conducted. Psychometric properties and appropriateness were analysed.Results. Our findings indicate an acceptable perception of residents’ QoL. The mean NHP scale scores show, that the perceived QoL of residents in group-living nursing home reached nearly the same level as independently living elders (national German reference values, age group over 75 years, except for the NHP sub-scale physical mobility). QoL related results on life satisfaction and feeling of happiness confirm the NHP findings. The preliminary pilot study protocol could be replicated, according to good scientific practice.Conclusions and implications. The report presents the first major investigation in the research field of subjective quality of life in group-living nursing homes. The study focused on people over 75 years of age with age-specific reduced physical and mental abilities. The NHP should also be considered as a reliable, valid and for older people appropriate instrument. Due to the lack of research on residents’ perspectives, further studies should follow to establish age-specific and care setting-specific reference data for nursing home residents. In particular, more research is needed to answer the question, which care setting best meets people’s essential needs in older age.
Previous use of quinolones was not significantly correlated with antibiotic-induced carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in China: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Jing , Xiang Qian , Wu Jia-yu , Cai Min-hong , Wang Chen , Wei Dao-qiong , Wang Hui , Lv Yu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Increasing resistance to carbapenem, particularly common in Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), has become a growing public health concern around the world. The objective of this study was to investigate risk factors associated with antibiotic-induced carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) among inpatients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in one of the largest tertiary A-level hospitals including patients with GNB cultured from any of the clinical specimens who had been admitted for more than 2 calendar days from January 2017 to June 2019. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard model were used to estimate the hazard of CR-GNB induction by antibiotics.Results: 2490 patients including 7 cohorts were included. After cox proportional risk model analysis, carbapenem, β-lactamase inhibitor, and cephalosporin had significantly higher hazards than other types of antimicrobial (P<0.001). But even without using any antimicrobials, the hazard would increase with the length of hospital stay. On multivariate analysis, carbapenem was the most principal hazard factor for antibiotic-induced CR-GNB (hazard ratio [HR], 2.968; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.706～5.162), followed by ICU admission (HR, 1.815; 95% CI, 1.507～2.186), cephalosporin (HR, 1.605; 95% CI, 1.288～1.999), tracheotomy (HR, 1.563; 95% CI, 1.251～1.952) and β-lactamase inhibitor (HR, 1.542; 95% CI, 1.237～1.921). However, quinolone effects on antibiotic-induced CR-GNB were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Prior carbapenem was a strongly risk factor for antibiotic-induced CR-GNB, but quinolone was not associated with that. Rational use of carbapenems should be implemented and antimicrobial stewardship policies should be adjusted according to the characteristics of each hospital.
Preparation of three-dimensional fiber-network chitosan films for the efficient treatment of uranium-contaminated effluents
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Yanxiang , Li Lei , Kong Fangong , Lin Song , Wang Zaiqian , Li Wangliang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A fiber-network chitosan film with three-dimensional interconnected structure was prepared in an alkali/urea solution and regenerated from an ethanol/water coagulation solution. The surface morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Batch adsorption for uranium U(VI) was conducted to investigate the effects of pH, contact time and initial uranium concentration on adsorption capacity. The adsorption of CS-80% was in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. The three-dimensional interconnected structure provided more active sites and favored the diffusion of uranium solute, and therefore enhanced the adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity at pH 5 was 196.735 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism was attributed to chelation and coordination of uranium with -NH2 and -OH groups on chitosan molecules.
Monoclonal Antibodies: A Prospective and Retrospective View
Authors: Sivaccumar Jwala , Sandomenico Annamaria , Vitagliano Luigi , Ruvo Menotti 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) represent one of the most important classes
of biotherapeutic agents. They are used to cure many diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases,
cardiovascular diseases, angiogenesis-related diseases and, more recently also haemophilia. They
can be highly varied in terms of format, source, and specificity to improve efficacy and to obtain
more targeted applications. This can be achieved by leaving substantially unchanged the basic structural
components for paratope clustering.

Objectives:
The objective was to trace the most relevant findings that have deserved prestigious
awards over the years, to report the most important clinical applications and to emphasize their latest
emerging therapeutic trends.

Results:
We report the most relevant milestones and new technologies adopted for antibody development.
Recent efforts in generating new engineered antibody-based formats are briefly reviewed.
The most important antibody-based molecules that are (or are going to be) used for pharmacological
practice have been collected in useful tables.

Conclusions:
The topics here discussed prove the undisputed role of mAbs as innovative biopharmaceuticals
molecules and as vital components of targeted pharmacological therapies.
Association between Selected Food Purchase Practices, Physical Activity and Sociodemographic Factors among People Living in a Low Socioeconomic Peri-Urban and Rural Area of South Africa
Authors: Onagbiye Sunday O. , Lungiswa Tsolekile , Thandi Puoane 
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

This study examined the association between sociodemographic factors, Physical Activity (PA) engagement, and the selected Food Purchasing Practices (FPP) among people living in a low socioeconomic peri-urban and rural area of two provinces of South Africa.

Methodology:

Four hundred participants were randomly selected from two communities, a township in Cape Town and a rural community in the Eastern Cape where the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study was implemented. Data collected included socio-demographic characteristics, FPP and PA. Logistic regressions were performed to identify the associations between sociodemographic factors, PA involvement and selected FPP, and Odds Ratios (OR) were calculated with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were two-tailed at p<0.05.

Results:
A large percent, 76.3% were females and 23.8% were males. Compared to participants aged ≥55 years, those within the age range of 25-54 years were more likely to travel with motorised transport (OR= 4.7; 95% CI=2.6, 8.3; p < 0.001) compared to walking to grocery shop. None-to-low education and with monthly income of <R2000 were more likely to purchase groceries at the supermarkets (OR= 2.7; 95% CI=1.4, 5.0; p < 0.05) and (OR= 2.4; 95% CI=1.1, 5.1; p < 0.05) compared to spaza or small informal food shop, respectively, while those who engage in PA were less likely to purchase groceries at the supermarkets (OR= 0.36; 95% CI=0.2, 0.8; p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Some demographic factors and PA have an influence on FPP among people living in a low socioeconomic peri-urban and rural area of two provinces of South Africa. This might be an area to be focused on for public health interventions which could be directed at supporting adequate FPP among people, especially in low socio-economic areas.
Protecting Men Who Have Sex With Men From HIV Infection With an mHealth App for Partner Notification: Observational Study
Authors: Yan Xiangyu , Lu Zuhong , Zhang Bo , Li Yongjie , Tang Wenjun , Zhang Lingling , Jia Zhongwei 
Published: February 2020

Background
Traditional partner notification methods have been implemented for HIV-infected patients, as well as HIV treatment, in order to identify people at risk of HIV infection, especially men who have sex with men (MSM), since they are more likely to have casual sex partners. These traditional methods have some limitations.

Objective
Our study focused on developing an mHealth app to improve partner notification in practice for MSM; the study then focused on evaluating the effects of the app.

Methods
We developed an mHealth app with different modules using Java and HTML5 and tested it in an MSM community to prevent HIV transmission. The HIV incidence stratified by different follow-up periods were calculated. Poisson regression and social networks were used to estimate the risk ratios and to identify the connection among MSM, respectively.

Results
In addition to the partner notification module, which is the kernel of the app, we developed a test result self-query module to enable MSM to get their approved test results in a timely manner, a prompt and warning module to alert users to protect themselves from high-risk conditions, and a health education module to teach users more skills regarding HIV/AIDS prevention. Over a 1-year duration, a total of 3186 MSM used the app, of which 678 had at least two HIV test results since becoming app users; they were included in the final analysis. Among 678 users, a total of 6473 self-queries and 623 partner notifications were recorded, which identified 180 social networks of MSM app users. Those who used the partner notification function were more likely to have self-queries (P<.001). The 678 MSM app users covered 296.47 person-years and contributed to 20 HIV seroconversions; the cumulative HIV infection incidence was estimated as 6.75 per 100 person-years (95% CI 4.38-10.01). We found that the longer the app was used, the lower the HIV incidence (>5 months vs ≤5 months: 2.22 per 100 person-years vs 6.99 per 100 person-years; risk ratio 0.32, 95% CI 0.12- 0.87).

Conclusions
The app developed in this study is consistent with the World Health Organization’s sensitivity and confidentiality recommendations; it has the potential to reduce the risk of HIV infection among MSM.
Translating Clinical Questions by Physicians Into Searchable Queries: Analytical Survey Study
Authors: Seguin Aurélie , Haynes Robert Brian , Carballo Sebastian , Iorio Alfonso , Perrier Arnaud , Agoritsas Thomas 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundStaying up to date and answering clinical questions with current best evidence from health research is challenging. Evidence-based clinical texts, databases, and tools can help, but clinicians first need to translate their clinical questions into searchable queries. MacPLUS FS (McMaster Premium LiteratUre Service Federated Search) is an online search engine that allows clinicians to explore multiple resources simultaneously and retrieves one single output that includes the following: (1) evidence from summaries (eg, UpToDate and DynaMed), (2) preappraised research (eg, EvidenceAlerts), and (3) non-preappraised research (eg, PubMed), with and without validated bibliographic search filters. MacPLUS FS can also be used as a laboratory to explore clinical questions and evidence retrieval.ObjectiveOur primary objective was to examine how clinicians formulate their queries on a federated search engine, according to the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) framework. Our secondary objective was to assess which resources were accessed by clinicians to answer their questions.MethodsWe performed an analytical survey among 908 clinicians who used MacPLUS FS in the context of a randomized controlled trial on search retrieval. Recording account log-ins and usage, we extracted all 1085 queries performed during a 6-month period and classified each search term according to the PICO framework. We further categorized queries into background (eg, “What is porphyria?”) and foreground questions (eg, “Does treatment A work better than B?”). We then analyzed the type of resources that clinicians accessed.ResultsThere were 695 structured queries, after exclusion of meaningless queries and iterations of similar searches. We classified 56.5% (393/695) of these queries as background questions and 43.5% (302/695) as foreground questions, the majority of which were related to questions about therapy (213/695, 30.6%), followed by diagnosis (48/695, 6.9%), etiology (24/695, 3.5%), and prognosis (17/695, 2.5%). This distribution did not significantly differ between postgraduate residents and medical faculty physicians (P=.51). Queries included a median of 3 search terms (IQR 2-4), most often related to the population and intervention or test, rarely related to the outcome, and never related to the comparator. About half of the resources accessed (314/610, 51.5%) were summaries, 24.4% (149/610) were preappraised research, and 24.1% were (147/610) non-preappraised research.ConclusionsOur results, from a large sample of real-life queries, could guide the development of educational interventions to improve clinicians’ retrieval skills, as well as inform the design of more useful evidence-based resources for clinical practice.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02038439; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02038439
Políticas públicas de informação e Bibliotecas Escolares: panorama brasileiro
Authors: Neves Barbara Coelho , Aguiar Niliane Cunha 
Published: February 2020

O estudo apresenta um levantamento das políticas públicas de informação no Brasil que ofereceram contribuições para a área da Biblioteconomia Escolar. Por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e observação sistemática, propõe reflexões sobre os aspectos teóricos que abrangem os conceitos relacionados às políticas públicas de informação e destaca o panorama das políticas públicas de informação brasileiras que se encontram em processo de desenvolvimento. Propõe o exame dos interessados pelas temáticas políticas públicas de informação e Biblioteconomia Escolar acerca da necessária mobilização destes, tanto para a promoção e desenvolvimento de tais políticas, quanto para a reinvindicação da plena execução em benefício da sociedade.
Normalização de Descrição Arquivística aplicada no Fundo Documental da Secretaria de Cultura do Município de Londrina
Authors: Costa Eliandro dos Santos , Madio Telma Campanha de Carvalho 
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta o resultado de um estudo de caso realizado junto à Secretaria de Cultura do Município de Londrina (SCML), órgão vinculado à Prefeitura Municipal (PML) e desenvolvido com a adoção do software ICA-AtoM como recurso para aplicação das normas de descrição arquivística. Para aplicação dessas normas, optou-se pela descrição da entidade produtora SCML (1ª), da função Registro do Patrimônio Arquitetônico e Histórico (RPAH) (2ª) e da série documental Registros Arquitetônicos (RA) (3ª). Para essas descrições arquivísticas foram utilizadas, respectivamente, as seguintes normas: 1ª) ISAAR-CPF e ODA; 2ª) ISDF; e 3ª)NOBRADE e ODA. Adotou-se ainda pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, exploratória e de natureza aplicada e qualitativa. As descrições obtidas foram registradas e difundidas no Portal Web ICA-AtoM PML, disponíveis ao acesso do usuário. Essa prática descritiva permitiu encontrar uma forma de contribuir para a área de arquivologia e para a SCML/PML, com indicações que podem fornecer, aos cidadãos locais e aos demais públicos interessados, um maior acesso ao registro arquivístico e à história da região, nesse caso específico, às informações sobre os prédios históricos da Cidade.
Favorecer una lectura del mundo
Authors: Balmaceda Neyra Osvaldo Nildo 
Published: February 2020

Resenha: TARGINO, M. das G.; SILVA, E. M. P. de A.; SANTOS, M. F. P. dos (Org.). Alfabetização e letramento: múltiplas perspectivas. Teresina: EDUFPI / UFPI / UAB / CEAD, 2017. 238 p. Disponível em:<http://educapes.capes.gov.br/handle/capes/ 174662>. Acesso em: 15 ago. 2017.
Muita fé, muitas crenças: os espíritos do Brasil são
Authors: Freitas Ricardo Oliveira de 
Published: February 2020

Resenha acerca do documentário expeirmental Híbridos: os espíritos do Brasil, fruto de projeto de pesquisa franco-brasileiro que, durante quase seis anos, investigou modos e formas de religiosidades e relações com as espiritualidades no Brasil contemporâneo. As manifestações retratadas contemplam a quase totalidade de expressões religiosas e menifestações de fé pelo Brasil afora: desde os rituais de cura de populações indígenas xinguanas ao santo daime acreano, passando pelo candomblé baiano, pelo xambá pernambucano, pelo terecô maranhense e um tanto de outras expressões.
Cultura e Arquivologia: possibilidades analíticas a partir da perspectiva da antropologia compreensiva
Authors: Sousa Vancarder Brito , Santos Eliete Correia dos 
Published: February 2020

Este texto faz um sumário da apresentação oral realizada no dia oito de março de 2019 por ocasião do IX Seminário Internacional de Saberes Arquivísticos - SESA, que ocorreu em Coimbra, Portugal. O mesmo teve como objetivo discutir as possiblidades teórico-metodológicas da abordagem antropológica da Arquivologia enquanto produto da cultura social. Nessa discussão a Arquivologia foi entendida como uma ciência interdisciplinar na qual sua base epistemológica está necessariamente vinculada à processos sociais e institucionais de produção de sentidos culturais e identitários. Como justificativa para a iniciativa da discussão foi defendido que sua necessidade se ampara na necessidade de ampliar o debate sobre o reconhecimento da Arquivologia como produto das articulações entre tempo e espaço social, como também, que sua produção expressa significados delineados por processos sociais, políticos e econômicos derivados da ação social, tanto na esfera da produção do conhecimento quanto das práticas arquivísticas. Essa pesquisa foi operacionalizada sob forma de uma levantamento bibliográfico e teórico no âmbito da abordagem interdisciplinar da constituição da Arquivologia como ciência, bem como, da instituição da antropologia cultural e sua utilização para a compreensão das culturas humanas. Sua abordagem foi qualitativa e a discussão dos resultados foi interpretativa. Como conclusão, apontou que a discussão contemporânea sobre a Arquivologia sinaliza para a ampliação do diálogo sobre si mesma, do seu objeto e práticas indo ao encontro da necessidade de construção de uma “gramática de sentidos” para organizar as respostas que a Arquivologia produz a respeito de sua auto-imagem.
Incremental, Critical Plane Analysis of Standing Wave Development, Self-Heating, and Fatigue during Regulatory High-Speed Tire Testing Protocols
Authors: Mars William V. , Paudel Govind , Suter Jesse D. , Robertson Christopher G. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Tire speed ratings derive from regulatory testing in which tire structural integrity is validated over a series of steps with successively increasing speed. For the FMVSS 139 high-speed standard, there are four half-hour duration speed steps at 80, 140, 150, and 160 kph. Speed ratings from Q through Y may be attained through the UN ECE R30 regulation high-speed testing. For either protocol, a tire must demonstrate the ability to operate without crack development at high speed for a specified period. After the test, “there shall be no evidence of tread, sidewall, ply, cord, inner liner, belt or bead separation, chunking, broken cords, cracking, or open splices.” A workflow for simulating regulatory high-speed durability performance has been developed based upon (1) recent improvements to the Abaqus steady-state transport formulation that now permit converged solutions to be obtained at high speed (including after the development of standing waves in the tire) and (2) Endurica DT self-heating and incremental fatigue simulations that account for thermal effects and for damage accumulation occurring due to a schedule of load cases. The self-heating calculation features the Kraus model and accurately captures viscoelastic loss modulus dependence on strain amplitude and temperature. For each step of the high-speed procedure, steady-state structural and thermal solutions are first computed. The deformation history in the presence of standing waves is shown to require rainflow counting due to the occurrence of multiple load cycles per tire revolution. Crack growth is finally integrated for each potential critical plane through each step of the test until failure is indicated. Standing waves at high speed induce significant self-heating and damage, rapidly limiting high-speed performance. The temperature dependence of self-heating and strength properties also plays a major role in limiting high-speed durability. The simulations were executed on both a flat surface and on the regulation specified 1.7 m diameter road wheel. As expected, durability testing on the road wheel is more severe, and the beneficial effect of a nylon overwrap is predicted.
Teff could contribute to the Sustainable Goals of United Nation’s Goals in low-income areas of Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Golmohamadi Amir , Yazdi Reyhaneh Akbar Nejad , Kita Kenna 
Published: February 2020

Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff. Several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nation are directly or indirectly related to nutrition, including SDG1 (no poverty) and SDG2 (zero hunger). Many parts of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region are experiencing poverty or suffering from micronutrient (Calcium, Iron, and Vitamin D) deficiencies, which has contributed to a high mortality rate among children and pregnant women. Teff, an old and well-known grain in MENA and a “Super Grain” in developed countries, has a strong potential to be utilized in food product development activities in MENA. These new products can be produced by local scientists and be sold domestically or internationally. The aim of this short communication is to review the limitations and opportunities that exist in the process of food product development with Teff.