bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent progress on applications of 2D material-decorated microfiber photonic devices in pulse shaping and all-optical signal processing
Authors: Liu Meng , Wei Zhi-Wei , Luo Ai-Ping , Xu Wen-Cheng , Luo Zhi-Chao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Due to the exotic electronic and optical properties, two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, graphitic carbon nitride, metal-organic frameworks, and so on, have attracted enormous interest in the scientific communities dealing with electronics and photonics. Combing the 2D materials with the microfiber, the 2D material-decorated microfiber photonic devices could be assembled. They offer the advantages of a high nonlinear effect, all fiber structure, high damage threshold, and so on, which play important roles in fields of pulse shaping and all-optical signal processing. In this review, first, we introduce the fabrication methods of 2D material-decorated microfiber photonic devices. Then the pulse generation and the nonlinear soliton dynamics based on pulse shaping method in fiber lasers and all-optical signal processing based on 2D material-decorated microfiber photonic devices, such as optical modulator and wavelength converter, are summarized, respectively. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in the future development of 2D material-decorated microfiber photonic devices are given. It is believed that 2D material-decorated microfiber photonic devices will develop rapidly and open new opportunities in the related fields.
Towards a Political Economy of Communication in Development?
Authors: Enghel Florencia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn thedevelopment communicationequation, whether more theoretical, empirical and analytical attention is given to ‘development’ or to ‘communication’ makes a difference: where the emphasis is on development, it is at the expense of communication. Since communication and media arguably play an increasingly pervasive role in the everyday life of citizens and in the politics, economies and governance of most societies, the characteristics and role of specific forms of applied communication strategies in the context of the neoliberal project merit critical scrutiny. Given a complex global scenario, what can a political economy approach bring into an agenda for the future of development communication as a field of study, a practice and an institutional project? This article outlines ways in which a focus on political economy dimensions may contribute to understanding the obstacles and limits to a transformative practice of international development communication.
Joint use of eddy current imaging and fuzzy similarities to assess the integrity of steel plates
Authors: Versaci Mario , Angiulli Giovanni , di Barba Paolo , Morabito Francesco Carlo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSteel plates bi-axially loaded are characterized by mechanical deformations whose 2D image representations are very difficult to achieve. In this work, the authors propose an innovative approach based on eddy current techniques for obtaining 2D electrical maps to assess the mechanical integrity of a steel plate. The procedure, also exploiting fuzzy similarity computations, translates the problem of the assessment of the mechanical integrity of a steel plate into a suitable classification problem. The results obtained by this proposed procedure show performances comparable to those provided by well-established soft computing approaches with a higher computational complexity.
Saikosaponin A attenuates neural injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Wang Xinying , Yang Guofeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Inflammation is involved in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced neurological damage. Saikosaponin A (SSa), extracted from Radix bupleuri, has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects. This article aimed to investigate whether SSa could ameliorate neuroinflammation mediated by ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanism.

Methods
Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was employed in this study, and the cognitive and motor functions were detected by behavioral tests. Inflammatory cytokines in the serum were detected by ELISA kits. The expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the brain tissues were assayed with Western blot.

Results
Our results showed that SSa pretreatment could significantly reduce brain damage, improve neurological function recovery, and decrease the water content of brain tissues when compared with the model group. SSa pretreatment significantly reduced the serum HMGB1 level and downregulated the contents of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6. Furthermore, SSa pretreatment could attenuate the decreased TLR4 and nucleus NF-κB in the brain of MCAO rats. The protein level of HMGB1 in the nucleus was significantly upregulated in the SSa pretreatment group.

Conclusion
Our results suggested that the pretreatment with SSa provided significant protection against cerebral I/R injury in rats via its anti-inflammation property by inhibiting the nucleus HMGB1 release.
Anreize, Kognition, Kultur und die symbolische Choreographie der Gesellschaft
Authors: Esser Hartmut 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag befasst sich mit verschiedenen Versuchen der Soziologisierung der ökonomischen Theorie bzw. der Rational-Choice-Theorie angesichts der zahlreichen Hinweise auf eine deutlich „begrenzte Rationalität“ und der damit verbundenen Anomalien, besonders aus Experimenten der sogenannten Verhaltensökonomie. Der konkrete Bezug ist der Vorstoß, den Herbert Gintis 2017 in seinem Buch „Individuality and Entanglement“ macht, wo er das Konzept eines „korrelierten Gleichgewichts“ über eine, wie er es nennt, symbolische „Choreographie“ durch sozial geteilte kulturelle Schemata und Skripte als Kern einer weiteren Erweiterung der Rational-Choice-Theorie platziert und der Soziologie anempfiehlt, dem unter Beibehaltung der anderen inhaltlichen Annahmen und methodischen Instrumentarien von Ökonomie und Rational-Choice-Theorie zu folgen. Der Artikel systematisiert und bewertet den Vorschlag vor dem Hintergrund früherer und neuerer Beiträge der Kognitionswissenschaften, der (Kultur-)Soziologie und von Teilen der Rational-Choice-Theorie, die diese Fragen selbst seit einiger Zeit aufgeworfen und in Richtung einer übergreifenden Handlungstheorie und Mikrofundierung der Sozialwissenschaften als Ganzes auszuarbeiten begonnen haben.
Sichtbarkeit und Bewertung
Authors: Krüger Anne K. , Hesselmann Felicitas 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der Soziologie des Wertens und Bewertens wird Sichtbarkeit, d. h. wer wen wann auf welche Weise sehen kann, als wesentlicher Aspekt von Bewertungsverfahren diskutiert. Indem theoretische Perspektiven auf Sichtbarkeit mit aktueller Forschung zu Bewertungsverfahren zusammengebracht werden, nimmt der Artikel die Kalibrierung von Sichtbarkeit in und durch Bewertungsverfahren in den Blick. Er zeigt unterschiedliche Sichtbarkeitskonstellationen auf, die spezifische Wirkungsweisen – Anerkennung, Kontrolle, Singularisierung – entfalten können, und verdeutlicht, wie die gezielte Herstellung von (Un-)Sichtbarkeit erstens darüber entscheidet, was oder wer wie bewertet wird, und zweitens dabei selbst zu einem wesentlichen Ergebnis von Bewertungsverfahren wird.
Ternary plumbides ATPb2 (A = Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu; T = Rh, Pd, Pt) with distorted, lonsdaleite-related substructures of tetrahedrally connected lead atoms
Authors: Klenner Steffen , Bönnighausen Judith , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The plumbides CaTPb2 (T = Rh, Pd), EuTPb2 (T = Rh, Pd, Pt), SrTPb2 (T = Rh, Pd, Pt) and BaTPb2 (T = Pd, Pt) were obtained by direct reactions of the elements in sealed tantalum tubes in an induction furnace. The moisture sensitive polycrystalline samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction. They crystallize with the orthorhombic MgCuAl2-type structure, space group Cmcm. The structures of CaRhPb2 (a = 433.78(3), b = 1102.06(8), c = 798.43(6) pm, wR = 0.0285, 432 F2 values and 16 variables) and EuPdPb2 (a = 457.24(5), b = 1158.27(13), c = 775.73(8), wR = 0.0464, 464 F2 values and 16 variables) were refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data. The characteristic structural motif is the distorted tetrahedral substructure built up by the lead atoms with Pb–Pb distances of 326–327 pm in CaRhPb2 and of 315–345 pm in EuPdPb2. With increasing size of the alkaline earth (Eu) cation, the lead substructure becomes more anisotropic with a shift of the [TPb2] polyanions from three- to two-dimensional, leading to significantly increased moisture sensitivity. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility studies reveal Pauli paramagnetism for SrRhPb2, SrPtPb2, BaPdPb2 and BaPtPb2. EuRhPb2 and EuPdPb2 are Curie–Weiss paramagnets with stable divalent europium as is also evident from 151Eu Mössbauer spectra. EuRhPb2 is a ferromagnet with T
C = 17.7(2) K, while EuPdPb2 orders antiferromagnetically at T
N = 15.9 K. This is in agreement with the full magnetic hyperfine field splitting of the 151Eu Mössbauer spectra at T = 6 K.
Modulation of antibiotic resistance by the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. in association with light-emitting diodes (LED) lights
Authors: Silva Leandro Maria Karollyna do N. , Rocha Janaína E. , Bezerra Camila F. , Freitas Priscilla R. , Feitosa Jessica Horana F. , Bezerra Viviane B. , Barros Rizelle de O. , Leandro Livia Maria G. , Aguiar José Junior dos S. , Pereira Paulo S. , Christofoli Marcela , Ribeiro-Filho Jaime , Iriti Marcello , Coutinho Henrique Douglas M. , Matias Edinardo Fagner F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-enhancing effects of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum gratissimum L. (OEOg) alone or in association with light-emitting diodes (LED) lights. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and its chemical composition analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antibacterial and antibiotic-enhancing activities against multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were evaluated by the gaseous contact method. The analysis of the photoinductive effect on the antibacterial activity of the OEOg and antibiotics was assessed through exposure to different LED lights (red, blue and yellow). The phytochemical analysis identified five compounds, including eugenol, as the major constituent. The OEOg caused a significant inhibition of the halo, indicating a direct antibacterial effect. Exposure to the LED lights significantly enhanced the activity of the OEOg against E. coli. On the other hand, the action of the essential oil against S. aureus was enhanced by exposure to both blue and yellow lights. The effects of LED light exposure on the activity of conventional antibiotics varied significantly according to the drug and the bacterial strain. However, most combinations of LED lights and the OEOg presented synergistic effects against resistant bacterial strains, indicating enhanced antibacterial activity. Thus, these in vitro findings suggest that both OEOg and LED lights have promising antibacterial effects. Nevertheless, further research is required to evaluate in vivo the potential of these therapies for the treatment of infectious skin diseases.
Topiroxostat ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation in sepsis-induced lung injury
Authors: Fu Haiying , Zhang Junjie , Huang Mayu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Sepsis-induced lung injury was the most common cause of death in patients. Topiroxostat, a novel xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors, possessed obvious organ protectives effects. Xanthine oxidase played a vital role in acute lung injury. The study aimed to investigate the roles of Topiroxostat in sepsis-induced lung injury. The sepsis rats were established using cecum ligation and perforation. The lung damage induced by sepsis was evaluated by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining and lung tissue wet to dry ratio. The oxidative stress was detected by measurement of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The pro-inflammatory mediators, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1, were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The cell apoptosis in lung was detected by TUNNEL staining and western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins including pro-apoptosis proteins, Bax, cleaved caspase9, cleaved caspase3 and anti-apoptosis protein Bcl2. The results showed that Topiroxostat significantly reduced lung damage, along with decreased oxidative stress, inflammation response and apoptosis in sepsis rats. Topiroxostat exerted markedly protective effects in sepsis-induced lung injury and could be an antioxidant in treating sepsis-induced lung injury.
Beteiligung von Analysten und Erstellung von Research-Berichten im Rahmen von Börsengängen im Spannungsfeld von Regulierung und Markterwartungen
Authors: Meyer Andreas 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Seit dem IPO-Boom im Zuge der New-Economy-Euphorie in den späten 1990er und frühen 2000er Jahren war die Rolle von Analysten und den von ihnen erstellten sog. Research-Berichten bei Börsengängen (IPOs) immer wieder Gegenstand der öffentlichen Diskussion. Dabei werden eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Themen erörtert. Das Spektrum reicht vom Zugang der Anleger zu Research-Berichten über die Unabhängigkeit der Analysten bis hin zur Frage der Integration von Analysten in den Transaktionsprozess. Standen in den frühen 2000er Jahren Fehlentwicklungen in den USA und die Reaktion von Gesetzgeber und Aufsichtsbehörden im Vordergrund, wurden in den letzten Jahren die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen für Research in Europa wiederholt neu geregelt – zuletzt in der Marktmissbrauchsverordnung (MAR) und in der überarbeiteten Finanzmarktrichtlinie (MiFID II). Dabei spielten die Besonderheiten von Börsengängen indes keine entscheidende Rolle. Dazu hat jedoch die britische Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) besondere Regeln für den britischen Markt eingeführt. Die Rahmenbedingungen von IPO-Research sind also von einem zersplitterten Regelwerk geprägt, tradierte Usancen der internationalen Marktpraxis kommen hinzu. Der folgende Beitrag unternimmt den Versuch, einen Überblick über diese Vorgaben zu schaffen sowie Herausforderungen und Trends aufzuzeigen.
Background and Proposed Design for a Metformin Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Suppression Trial
Authors: Dalman Ronald L , Lu Ying , Mahaffey Kenneth W , Chase Amanda J , Stern Jordan R , Chang Robert W 
Published: July 2020

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) may lead to rupture and death if left untreated. While endovascular or surgical repair is generally recommended for AAA greater than 5–5.5 cm, the vast majority of aneurysms detected by screening modalities are smaller than this threshold. Once discovered, there would be a significant potential benefit in suppressing the growth of these small aneurysms in order to obviate the need for repair and mitigate rupture risk. Patients with diabetes, in particular those taking the oral hypoglycaemic medication metformin, have been shown to have lower incidence, growth rate, and rupture risk of AAA. Metformin therefore represents a widely available, non-toxic, potential inhibitor of AAA growth, but thus far no prospective clinical studies have evaluated this. Here, we present the background, rationale, and design for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of metformin for growth suppression in patients with small AAA.
A conditional heteroscedastic VaR approach with alternative distributions
Authors: Serrano Bautista Ramona , Mata Mata Leovardo 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The purpose of this paper is to explored different distributions in conditional Value at Risk (VaR) modeling as an option in the Mexican market.
Methodology: We estimate a GARCH model under the Gaussian, Normal Inverse Gaussian, Skew Generalized t and the Stable distribution assumption, then we implement the model in predicting one-day ahead VaR and finally we examine the performance among the four VaR models during a period of high volatility.

Results: The backtesting result confirms that the stable-VaR approach outperforms the other models in the VaR’s prediction at 99% confidence level.
Limitations: Although the VaR is a widely used risk measure is not a coherent risk measure, for this reason, a natural extension of our work should be to estimate the expected shortfall and this may produce different insights.
Conclusions: Our findings reveal that models that consider some empirical characteristic of financial returns such as leptokurtic, volatility clustering and asymmetry improve the VaR predicting capacity. This finding is important in the search of more robust approaches for VaR estimates.

Recepción: 09/08/2018
Aceptación: 31/10/2019
The nature and kinetics of 2,4-dimethylphenol adsorption in aqueous solution on biochar derived from Sargassum boveanum macroalgae
Authors: Nazal Mazen K. , Rao Durga , Abuzaid Nabeel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany industries produce 2,4-dimethylphenol (DMP) compound in the wastewater which is persistent, toxic, and carcinogenic. Therefore, an adsorbent was prepared by carbonizing a dried Sargassum boveanum macroalgae. The prepared biosorbent was investigated for adsorptive removal of DMP from aqueous solution. After carbonization, the biochar derived from S. boveanum macroalgae (BCM) removed almost 100% of DMP adsorbate. Effects of contact time, solution pH, adsorbate concentration, adsorbent mass, and temperature have been studied. It has been found that, within the experimental conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity is 17 mg/g, rate of adsorption follows pseudo-second order kinetics and the adsorption isotherm experimental data fit the Freundlich model. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated and it has been found that the adsorption of DMP on BCM is endothermic and thermodynamically favorable, and in addition the surface of BCM adsorbent shows affinity to the DMP molecules. The BCM adsorbent has the capability to remove around 65% of DMP from high saline seawater contaminated with DMP. Moreover, the prepared BCM adsorbent was reusable for at least four times in seawater for removal of DMP contaminant.
AÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL COM GRUPOS EM VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Testoni Chaves Pereira Nadia Cristina , Hüther da Costa Kelly , Kaio Silva Nunes Ruan , Larissa Borges Patricia , Do Nascimento Albuquerque Ivana , Barth Almeida Elisabeth , Reiser Guedes Mariana , Henn Rosana 
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O aumento da incidência de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis evidencia a necessidade de ações educativas que promovam melhora na qualidade de vida, diminuição da insegurança alimentar e prevenção de agravos nutricionais. Objetivo: Estimular a adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis e transmitir demais informações relevantes para a autonomia alimentar. Metodologia: O projeto de extensão vinculado ao curso de Nutrição promoveu aplicação de oficinas no decorrer do ano de 2019, realizadas por acadêmicos supervisionados por professores. Os beneficiados foram frequentadores do Centro de Arte e Lazer e Centro de Referência de Assistência Social do município de Itajaí-SC, sendo estes idosos e indivíduos em vulnerabilidade social, respectivamente. Contaram com participação de acadêmicos bolsistas, voluntários e estagiários de Nutrição em Saúde Coletiva, proporcionando a interface ensino e extensão. Os temas abordados foram adaptados de acordo com as demandas de cada local e público específico. Resultados: As oficinas desenvolvidas neste projeto oportunizaram a vivência de educação alimentar e nutricional a acadêmicos de nutrição, proporcionando ampliação do conhecimento teórico e prático obtido na Universidade com troca de experiências com a comunidade. Conclusão: A oportunidade de atuação em uma extensão universitária proporciona experiências únicas que não são adquiridas dentro da sala de aula. Ela estreita os laços entre universitários e a comunidade, tornando os acadêmicos profissionais aptos a praticar a empatia e sensibilidade social, tão importante ao profissional da saúde. Ainda, favorece a autonomia do indivíduo em relação a alimentação saudável e melhora da qualidade de vida.
Palavras-Chave: Extensão Comunitária; Educação Alimentar e Nutricional; Vulnerabilidade Social.
Heterologous Expression and Characterization of Flavinadenine Dinucleotide Synthetase from Candida famata for Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide Production
Authors: Zhou Guoqiang , Pan Qiaoqiao , Hu Zeyu , Qiu Juanping , Yu Zhiliang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox-active coenzyme that regulates
several important enzymatic reactions during metabolism. FAD is used in the medicinal and
food industries and FAD supplements have been used to treat some inheritable diseases. FAD can
be biosynthesized from flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), catalyzed
by FAD synthetase (FADS).

Objective:
The aim of this study was to heterologously express the gene encoding FADS from the
flavinogenic yeast Candida famata (FADSCf) for biosynthesis of FAD.

Methods:
The sequence encoding FADSCf was retrieved and heterologously expressed in
Escherichia coli. The structure and enzymatic properties of recombinant FADSCf were characterized.

Results:
FADSCf (279 amino acids) was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3), with a theoretical
molecular weight of 32299.79 Da and an isoelectric point of 6.09. Secondary structural analysis
showed that the number of α-helices was 2-fold higher than the number of β-sheets, indicating
that the protein was highly hydrophilic. Under fixed ATP concentration, FADSCf had a Km of
0.04737±0.03158 mM and a Vmax of 3.271±0.79 μM/min/mg. Under fixed FMN concentration,
FADSCf had a Km of 0.1214±0.07464 mM and a Vmax of 2.6695±0.3715 μM/min/mg. Enzymatic reactions
in vitro showed that expressed FADSCf could form 80 mM of FAD per mg of enzyme after
21 hours under the following conditions: 0.5 mM FMN, 5 mM ATP and 10 mM Mg2+.

Conclusion:
Under optimized conditions (0.5 mM FMN, 5 mM ATP and 10 mM Mg2+), the production
of FAD reached 80 mM per mg of FADSCf after a 21-hour reaction. Our results indicate
that purified recombinant FADSCf can be used for the biosynthesis of FAD.
Developmental Strategies of Curcumin Solid Dispersions for Enhancing Bioavailability
Authors: Tran Phuong H.L. , Tran Thao T.D. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Although curcumin has been demonstrated to be beneficial in treating various diseases,
its low solubility, chemical stability and bioavailability limit its application, especially in cancer therapy.

Methods:
Solid dispersions have been utilized in the last few decades to improve the bioavailability and stability
of curcumin.

Results:
However, there is a lack of summaries and classifications of the methods for preparing curcumin with
this technology. The current review aims to overview the strategies used to develop solid dispersions containing
curcumin for improving drug delivery. The classification of techniques for creating solid dispersions for curcumin
was summarized, including systems for protecting curcumin degradation despite its chemical stability. The
applications of advanced nanotechnologies in recent studies of solid dispersions were also discussed to explain
the roles of nanoparticles in formulations.

Conclusion:
This overview of recent developments in formulating solid dispersions for improving curcumin
bioavailability will contribute to future studies of curcumin for clinical development.