bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Iron Treatment in the Prevention of Iron Deficiency and Anaemia After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Sandvik Jorunn , Hole Torstein , Klöckner Christian A. , Kulseng Bård Eirik , Wibe Arne 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Iron absorption is disturbed after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and iron deficiency with or without anaemia affects almost half of all patients. Intravenous iron is an option when per oral iron is insufficient or not tolerated. This study explores whether routinely offering intravenous iron treatment when iron stores are empty can prevent anaemia and iron deficiency after RYGB.

Methods
This is a study of prospectively registered data on clinical information, haematological tests and intravenous iron treatment from 644 RYGB patients who underwent surgery between 2004 and 2013, postoperatively followed more than 5 years. Intravenous iron treatment was offered to patients with ferritin ≤ 15 μg/L.

Results
Clinical information was available for all patients at baseline and for 553/644 patients at 5 years; laboratory results were available for 540/644 patients at baseline and 411/644 patients after 5 years. The mean age was 39.8 (± 9.7) years. Overall, 187/483 (38.7%) women and 9/161 (5.6%) men were given intravenous iron treatment in the observation period. From baseline to 5 years, mean haemoglobin decreased by 0.3 g/dL in both men and women. Anaemia occurred in 18/311 (5.8%) women and 9/100 (9%) men at 5 years. Depleted iron stores (ferritin ≤ 15 μg/L) were seen among 44/323(13.6%) women and 3/102 (2.9%) men, and low iron stores (ferritin 16–50 μg/L) occurred in 144/326 (44.6%) women and 38/102 (37.3%) men 5 years after RYGB.

Conclusion
By routinely offering intravenous iron treatment to patients with depleted iron stores after RYGB, haemoglobin levels were preserved. Half of the patients experienced low or depleted iron stores at 5 years.
Performance analysis of machine learning classifiers for non-technical loss detection
Authors: Ghori Khawaja MoyeezUllah , Imran Muhammad , Nawaz Asad , Abbasi Rabeeh Ayaz , Ullah Ata , Szathmary Laszlo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPower companies are responsible for producing and transferring the required amount of electricity from grid stations to individual households. Many countries suffer huge losses in billions of dollars due to non-technical loss (NTL) in power supply companies. To deal with NTL, many machine learning classifiers have been employed in recent time. However, few has been studied about the performance evaluation metrics that are used in NTL detection to evaluate how good or bad the classifier is in predicting the non-technical loss. This paper first uses three classifiers: random forest,K-nearest neighbors and linear support vector machine to predict the occurrence of NTL in a real dataset of an electric supply company containing approximately 80,000 monthly consumption records. Then, it computes 14 performance evaluation metrics across the three classifiers and identify the key scientific relationships between them. These relationships provide insights into deciding which classifier can be more useful under given scenarios for NTL detection. This work can be proved to be a baseline not only for the NTL detection in power industry but also for the selection of appropriate performance evaluation metrics for NTL detection.
Kinetic and isotherm modeling for acid blue 113 dye adsorption onto low-cost nutraceutical industrial fenugreek seed spent
Authors: Dhaif-Allah Mohammed A. H. , Taqui Syed Noeman , Syed Usman Taqui , Syed Akheel Ahmed 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present study reports about the use of fenugreek seed spent as a new and efficient biosorbent for the removal of acid blue 113 dye from aqueous media and textile industrial effluent. The spent is a low-cost by-product of nutraceutical industry. The effects of various process parameters of adsorption, such as pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, adsorbent particle size, contact time and temperature onto nutraceutical industrial fenugreek seed spent (NIFGS) have been studied. Four numbers of two-parameter and six numbers of three-parameter isotherm models were used in the analysis of adsorption equilibrium data. Kinetic studies data conformed to pseudo-second-order model. Molecular diffusion studies were carried out using Weber–Morris, Dumwald–Wagner and film diffusion models. Change in enthalpy (ΔH°), entropy change (ΔS°) and Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) of adsorption system indicated that the process is physisorption. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and point of zero charge were used in characterizing the adsorbent. Fractional factorial experimental design and analysis of variance along with statistically developed model for adsorption helped to predict for a maximum adsorption of 661.5 mg g−1using NIFGS. Application of NIFGS to textile industrial effluent and scaling up of the experimental process by three orders gave encouraging results.
Transformation between polar and rectangular coordinates of stiffness and dampness parameters in hydrodynamic journal bearings
Authors: Tian Zhuxin , Huang Yu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe stiffness and dampness parameters of journal bearings are required in rectangular coordinates for analyzing the stability boundary and threshold speed of oil film bearings. On solving the Reynolds equation, the oil film force is always obtained in polar coordinates; thus, the stiffness and dampness parameters can be easily obtained in polar coordinates. Therefore, the transformation between the polar and rectangular coordinates of journal bearing stiffness and dampness parameters is discussed in this study.
Exploring patterns of corporate social responsibility using a complementary K-means clustering criterion
Authors: Taran Zina , Mirkin Boris 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCompanies’ objectives extend beyond mere profitability, to what is generally known as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Empirical research effort of CSR is typically concentrated on a limited number of aspects. We focus on the whole set of CSR activities to identify any structure to that set. In this analysis, we take data from 1850 of the largest international companies via the conventional MSCI database and focus on four major dimensions of CSR: Environment, Social/Stakeholder, Labor, and Governance. To identify any structure hidden in almost constant average values, we apply the popular technique of K-means clustering. When determining the number of clusters, which is especially difficult in the case at hand, we use an equivalent clustering criterion that is complementary to the square-error K-means criterion. Our use of this complementary criterion aims at obtaining clusters that are both large and farthest away from the center. We derive from this a method of extracting anomalous clusters one-by-one with a follow-up removal of small clusters. This method has allowed us to discover a rather impressive process of change from predominantly uniform patterns of CSR activities along the four dimensions in 2007 to predominantly single-focus patterns of CSR activities in 2012. This change may reflect the dynamics of increasingly interweaving and structuring CSR activities into business processes that are likely to be extended into the future.
Corruption risk in contracting markets: a network science perspective
Authors: Wachs Johannes , Fazekas Mihály , Kertész János 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe use methods from network science to analyze corruption risk in a large administrative dataset of over 4 million public procurement contracts from European Union member states covering the years 2008–2016. By mapping procurement markets as bipartite networks of issuers and winners of contracts, we can visualize and describe the distribution of corruption risk. We study the structure of these networks in each member state, identify their cores, and find that highly centralized markets tend to have higher corruption risk. In all EU countries we analyze, corruption risk is significantly clustered. However, these risks are sometimes more prevalent in the core and sometimes in the periphery of the market, depending on the country. This suggests that the same level of corruption risk may have entirely different distributions. Our framework is both diagnostic and prescriptive: It roots out where corruption is likely to be prevalent in different markets and suggests that different anti-corruption policies are needed in different countries.
BBF Deceleration Down‐Tail of X < −15 RE From MMS Observation
Authors: Zhang L. Q. , Baumjohann W. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Burch James L. , Webster J. , Wang J. Y. , Wang C. , Dai L. , Zhang C. Y. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe report the direct observation on bursty bulk flow (BBF) deceleration down‐tail of X < −15 RE by MMS satellite. Two typical events are presented in the paper. In the first event on 05 June 2018, MMS1 is located at X ~ −16.1 RE and records four individual bursty flows (BFs). Each burst flow has distinctly lower velocity than the preceding one. Accompanying with the decelerated BFs, the Bz/Bx continuously increases/decreases. Simultaneous Vx‐decrease and Bz‐increase are in coincidence with the scenario of the local BBF deceleration and formation of the magnetic pileup region. In the second event on 03 July 2017, MMS stays in the neutral sheet of X ~ −24.5 RE, and encounters similar BBF deceleration process. For both events, the decelerated BF series exhibit prominent medium‐energy ion component (2–10 KeV). Analyses show enhanced parallel current (J//) and Kinetic Alfvénic wave (KAW) emitting during the BF intervals. The strength of the emitted KAW has a clear tendency to decay with the BBF decreasing. Power spectra density analysis confirms the substantial Joule dissipation during the BBF deceleration, both J// and J⊥. Combined analyses support BBF dissipation via Joule heating as well as KAW emitting. Finally, we propose a possible mechanism on the BBF deceleration, i.e., “collision” with the tailward flow.
Non‐hydrostatic, Non‐linear Processes in the Surf Zone
Authors: Martins Kévin , Bonneton Philippe , Mouragues Arthur , Castelle Bruno 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the surf zone, non‐hydrostatic processes are either neglected or estimated using linear wave theory. The recent development of technologies capable of directly measuring the free surface elevation, such as 2‐D lidar scanners, allow for a thorough assessment of the validity of such hypotheses. In this study, we use subsurface pressure and lidar data to study the non‐linear and non‐hydrostatic character of surf zone waves. Non‐hydrostatic effects are found important everywhere in the surf zone (from the outer to the inner surf zones). Surface elevation variance, skewness, and asymmetry estimated from the hydrostatic reconstruction are found to significantly underestimate the values obtained from the lidar data. At the wave‐by‐wave scale, this is explained by the underestimation of the wave crest maximal elevations, even in the inner surf zone, where the wave profile around the broken wave face is smoothed. The classic transfer function based on linear wave theory brings only marginal improvements in this regard, compared to the hydrostatic reconstruction. A recently developed non‐linear weakly dispersive reconstruction is found to consistently outperform the hydrostatic or classic transfer function reconstructions over the entire surf zone, with relative errors on the surface elevation variance and skewness around 5% on average. In both the outer and inner surf zones, this method correctly reproduces the steep front of breaking and broken waves and their individual wave height to within 10%. The performance of this irrotational method supports the hypothesis that the flow under broken waves is dominated by irrotational motions.
Placement optimisation for station‐free bicycle‐sharing under 1D distribution assumption
Authors: Wang Shuofeng , Li Zhiheng , Gu Ruochen , Xie Na 
Published: January 2020

Bicycles become popular again in the transportation system because they could serve as useful tools for convenient, economical, and environmentally friendly short‐trips. In the traditional public bicycle system, customers need to reach a fixed public bicycle station before they can rent a public bicycle. However, the current station‐free bicycle‐sharing systems can allow customers to borrow or return shared bicycles, which would be distributed almost anywhere. Such new systems bring new optimisation problems for bicycle management. The authors study a placement optimisation problem that highlights the distribution characteristics of shared bicycles, aiming to minimise the total walking distance of customers. The proposed model is a 0–1 mix‐integer non‐linear programme. To solve the model, they propose a bi‐level solving framework. The upper‐level model optimises the locations of supply stations. The lower‐level model optimises the number of bikes assigned to each demand site. A test based on the campus of Tsinghua University is employed to validate the proposed model. The optimal location suggested by their model is significantly different from the location suggested by models that ignore the distributed feature. Their model performs better in terms of reducing the total walking distance.
Skymaps of observables of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic astrosphere models
Authors: Baalmann L. R. , Scherer K. , Fichtner H. , Kleimann J. , Bomans D. J. , Weis K. 
Published: January 2020

Context. Three-dimensional models of astrospheres have recently become of interest. However, comparisons between these models and observations are non-trivial because of the two-dimensional nature of observations.
Aims. By projecting selected physical values of three-dimensional models of astrospheres onto the surface of a sphere that is centred on a virtual all-sky observer, these models can be compared to observational data in different observables: the column density, bremsstrahlung flux, rotation measure, Hα flux, and synchrotron or cyclotron flux.
Methods. Projections were calculated by rotating and moving the astrosphere model to the desired position and orientation and by then computing the value of a given patch on the sphere by a modified line-of-sight integration. Contributions to the selected observable made by all model cells that are connected to the patch by the line of sight in question were taken into account.
Results. When the model produces a bow shock, a distinct parabolic structure produced by the outer astrosheath can be seen in every observable of the projection, the exact shape depending on the orientations of the line of sight and the stellar motion. Of all four examined astrosphere models, only that of λ Cephei shows fluxes that are higher than current observational thresholds. This is due to the strong stellar wind and interstellar inflow of the λ Cephei model.
A Simplified Approach for Fabrication of One-Piece Hollow Interim Obturator for the Prosthodontic Treatment of Hemimaxillectomy Patient—A Clinical Report
Authors: Kaur Jaswinder 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMost common problems faced by a patient with resected maxilla are reduced retention, support, and stability. A successful prosthesis should meet the physiological, psychological, and aesthetic needs of the patient. This article describes the procedure for the rehabilitation of hemimaxillectomy patient with one-piece hollow obturator using simple technique, reducing laboratory time.
Intraflagellar transport protein RABL5/IFT22 recruits the BBSome to the basal body through the GTPase ARL6/BBS3
Authors: Xue Bin , Liu Yan-Xia , Dong Bin , Wingfield Jenna L. , Wu Mingfu , Sun Jun , Lechtreck Karl F. , Fan Zhen-Chuan 
Published: January 2020

Significance
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare human ciliopathy associated with blindness, obesity, and kidney anomalies. It is caused by defects in the assembly or transport of the BBSome, a conserved octamer of BBS proteins, which assists intraflagellar transport (IFT) with the removal of signaling proteins from cilia. Here, we show that the GTPase component of IFT-B1, IFT22, autonomous of IFT-B1 association, binds and stabilizes BBS3 in the cell body. When both are in their GTP-bound state, IFT22 and BBS3 recruit the BBSome to the basal body for loading onto the IFT machinery for ciliary entry. IFT22 recruits the BBSome to the basal body through BBS3 in a nucleotide-dependent manner providing a regulatory mechanism for BBSome entry into the cilium.
What does and doesn’t affect L2 overt pronoun production
Authors: Nagano Marisa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study examined corpus data from learners of Japanese whose L1s are English, Korean, and Mandarin (as well as
native-speaker Japanese controls), in order to investigate the effect of two separate (but sometimes conflated) potential
influences on overt pronoun production in the L2: (i) whether or not the L1 is a topic-drop language (like Japanese), and (ii) the
properties of overt pronouns in the L1 compared to those of Japanese. In order to investigate (i), the rate of overt pronoun use
in topic/argument position for all three learner groups was tabulated and compared to that of native speakers. In order to
investigate (ii), total rate of overt pronoun use in all positions was tabulated, as well as the type of case-/discourse-marking
particles that accompanied overt pronouns in each learner group, compared to native speakers. Results show no influence of L1
topic-drop status, but some influence of L1 overt pronoun properties, in the form of (a) interactions between the morphosyntax of
pronouns and broader DP/NP structure in the L1 and L2, and (b) shared discourse properties of the overt pronoun in the L1 and
L2.
Non-pharmacological interventions for fatigue in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ho Lily Y W , Ng Shamay S M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Non-pharmacological interventions are widely used to treat fatigue in clients with specific diseases but the findings may not be applicable to older adults experiencing fatigue, which also relates to the physiological changes of ageing. Non-pharmacological interventions for fatigue alleviation in older adults have not been reviewed and meta-analysed.

Objective
To evaluate the immediate and long-term effects of non-pharmacological interventions on fatigue in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods
Randomised controlled trials published from 2008 to May 2018 were searched in CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed and Web of Science databases. The reference lists of the publications, forward citation and clinical trial registries were also reviewed. Relevant data were extracted and meta-analysis was conducted using Cochrane Review Manager 5.3.

Results
Eight studies, with a total of 1093 participants, were identified. Non-pharmacological interventions included mindfulness meditation, a behavioural lifestyle programme, muscle relaxation, pet insect-assisted therapy, yoga, Tai Chi and cognitive behavioural therapy. Non-pharmacological interventions elicited significant immediate positive effects on fatigue (SMD: −0.40, 95% CI −0.62 to −0.18), although there was no lasting effect. Both physical and cognitive/mental interventions effectively alleviated fatigue.

Conclusion
Non-pharmacological interventions appear to be effective in alleviating fatigue at immediate post-intervention in community-dwelling older adults. More studies with robust designs and adequate sample sizes are needed in the future.
Water Dependence of Birds in a Temperate Oak Woodland
Authors: Williams Pamela L. , Koenig Walter D. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Observations from June to September 1977 at a spring in central coastal California showed that 24 of 45 species of birds found within a 1.6-km diameter area used the spring as a source of free water. Color-banded individuals of several species drank more than once a day. A significant seasonal variation in the number of drinking visits per hour was found for all species combined. Only the Brown Towhee showed a conspicuous diurnal drinking pattern, however. Temperature on a particular day was not correlated with number of species visiting the spring, the total number of visits by all birds to the spring, or the number of visits by five of the six species considered to be water dependent.
Granivory was significantly, positively correlated with water dependence. Permanent residents were more regular drinkers than summer residents, but this was a secondary effect resulting from the high proportion of granivory among permanent residents. The habitat surrounding the water hole, species abundance, and human disturbance at the spring all showed possible influence on our measures of water dependence. These findings suggest that surface water may be an important determinant of species distribution and community organization in mesic as well as desert environments.
Male harassment leads to fitness costs for females by disrupting oviposition site preferences
Authors: Bacon Elisabeth , Barbosa Flavia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In many species, a difference in the optimal number of copulations for males and females leads to sexual conflict. This is well documented in the bean beetle Callosobruchus maculatus, where both sexes mate multiply and females incur fitness costs from injuries caused by the male genitalia. Here, we demonstrate that sexual conflict also decreases female fitness due to male harassment. We hypothesized that harassment costs would come as 1) decreased clutch size, egg size, or both and by 2) disruption of female preference for higher-quality oviposition substrate. Mated females were housed with two bean types—cowpeas, their preferred natal hosts, and toxic pinto beans. They were then submitted to either no, moderate, or high male harassment in the oviposition site. Females under harassment produced smaller clutch sizes but not smaller eggs, resulting in the absence of an egg-size/clutch-size trade-off. Additionally, females did not exhibit a preference for their natal cowpeas hosts over toxic pinto beans when males were present at the oviposition site, although they do so when harassing males are not present. Harassment disrupted female responses to variation in oviposition substrate quality, resulting in considerable fitness consequences in the form of lower offspring production and survival.