bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability in nomadism: environmental gradients modulate the movement behaviors of dryland ungulates
Authors: Nandintsetseg Dejid , Bracis Chloe , Leimgruber Peter , Kaczensky Petra , Buuveibaatar Bayarbaatar , Lkhagvasuren Badamjav , Chimeddorj Buyanaa , Enkhtuvshin Shiilegdamba , Horning Ned , Ito Takehiko Y. , Olson Kirk , Payne John , Walzer Chris , Shinoda Masato , Stabach Jared , Songer Melissa , Mueller Thomas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStudying nomadic animal movement across species and ecosystems is essential for better understanding variability in nomadism. In arid environments, unpredictable changes in water and forage resources are known drivers of nomadic movements. Water resources vary temporally but are often spatially stationary, whereas foraging resources are often both temporally and spatially variable. These differences may lead to different types of nomadic movements: forage‐ vs. water‐driven nomadism. Our study investigates these two different types of nomadism in relation to resource gradients from mesic steppe to xeric desert environments in Mongolia's Gobi‐Steppe Ecosystem. We hypothesized that in the desert, where water is a key resource, animals are more water‐dependent and may show water‐driven nomadism with frequent revisits to spatially fixed resources, while in the steppe, animals are less water‐dependent and may show forage‐driven nomadism, tracking high‐quality foraging patches with infrequent revisits to previously used resources. We utilized GPS movement data from 40 individuals of four ungulate species (Mongolian gazelle, goitered gazelle, saiga antelope, and Asiatic wild ass) in the Gobi‐Steppe Ecosystem. We calculated displacement distances and recursion metrics and subsequently performed a principal component analysis to quantify the variation in movement patterns. The satellite‐derived vegetation greenness served as a proxy for the resource gradient and was associated with variation in movement behaviors described by the first principal component, demonstrating that the variability in movements was closely related to the resource gradient from mesic to xeric habitats. We showed that ungulates in the resource‐rich steppe tended to move long distances with few revisits (forage‐driven nomadism), while ungulates in the resource‐poor desert tended to move shorter distances with more revisits (water‐driven nomadism). Our results suggest that xeric and mesic habitats promote different types of nomadic strategies. These results have important implications for conservation strategies: Forage‐driven nomads primarily require a high degree of landscape‐level permeability, and water‐driven nomads additionally require the protection of ephemeral water bodies and actions to maintain the functional connectivity between them.
The demographic pattern of infection with chronic wasting disease in reindeer at an early epidemic stage
Authors: Mysterud Atle , Madslien Knut , Viljugrein Hildegunn , Vikøren Turid , Andersen Roy , Güere Mariella Evelyn , Benestad Sylvie L. , Hopp Petter , Strand Olav , Ytrehus Bjørnar , Røed Knut H. , Rolandsen Christer M. , Våge Jørn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInfection patterns linked to age and sex are crucial to predict the population dynamic effects of diseases in long‐lived species. How such demographic patterns of infection arise is often multifactorial, although the cause is commonly seen as a combination of immune status as well as variation in pathogen exposure. Prion diseases are particularly interesting, as they do not trigger an adaptive immune response; hence, differences in pathogen exposure linked to behavior could be the prime determinant of the pattern of infection. In cervids, the fatal prion disease, chronic wasting disease (CWD), is spreading geographically, with economic and cultural consequences in affected areas in North America, and all infected individuals eventually die from disease‐associated sequelae if they live long enough. Understanding the causes of the demographic pattern of infection with CWD is therefore urgent but is limited by the fact that reported data primarily come from related deer species in North America. The recent (detected 2016) emergence of CWD among wild alpine reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Norway with a different social organization, that is, no home range behavior and no matrilineal female groups, offers an opportunity to advance our understanding of how behavior influences the infection patterns. Testing of 1081 males and 1278 females detected 19 animals positive for abnormal prion protein in brain and/or lymphatic tissues. No calves and only one male yearling were infected, with the remaining positives being adults (representing 1.5% of adult males and 0.5% of adult females). We found a strong sex‐biased infection pattern in reindeer (with infection 2.7 times more likely in adult males), which is similar to the results reported in mule deer and white‐tailed deer. The hazard of being detected as positive increased with age in males. There was no close genetic relatedness among positive animals. The results were consistent with the within‐group contact of males being a possible major route of transmission. We discuss the demographic pattern of infection with CWD in view of the lack of stable home range behavior and other key behavioral traits of reindeer relevant to understanding pathogen exposure in general.
Automated frequency and quality‐factor matching method for frequency modulated / rate integrating gyroscope
Authors: Tsukamoto Takashiro , Tanaka Shuji 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper reports an automated tuning method for a frequency modulated / rate integrating gyroscope (FM/RIG). The frequency and quality factor mismatches in a MEMS resonator cause the mode‐coupling, thus degrade the accuracy of the gyroscope. The X‐Y phase difference and amplitude ratio of driving signals are used as the tuning parameters for the mismatch compensation. An automated tuning method based on the relationship between those tuning parameters and mode‐coupling terms were developed. Using the proposed method, the mode‐coupling effect, which comes from the frequency and quality factor mismatch, could be 3 orders of magnitude smaller than the noncompensated one.
Ion pair assisted micro matrix solid phase dispersion extraction of alkaloids from medical plant
Authors: Dong Xin , Yang Juan , Zheng Xiao‐Ting , Chen Yan , Ye Li‐Hong , Wang Bin , Zheng Hui , Cao Jun , Wang Qiu‐Yan , Hu Yu‐Han 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA novel micro matrix solid phase dispersion method was successfully used for the extraction of quaternary alkaloids in Phellodendri chinensis cortex. The elution of target compounds was accomplished with sodium hexanesulfonate as the eluent solvent. A neutral ion pair was formed between ion‐pairing reagent and positively charged alkaloids in this process, which was beneficial for selectively extraction of polar alkaloids. Several parameters were optimized and the optimal conditions were listed as follows: silica gel as the sorbent, silica to sample mass ratio of 1:1, the grinding time of 1 min. The exhaustive elution of targets was achieved by 200 µL methanol/water (9:1) containing 150 mM sodium hexane sulfonate at pH 4.5. The method validation covered linearity, recovery, precision of intraday and interday, limits of detection, limits of quantitation, and repeatability. This established method was rapid, simple, environmentally friendly, and highly sensitive.
American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program assessment of risk factors for 30‐day unplanned readmission in patients undergoing head and neck surgery requiring free tissue reconstruction
Authors: Coblens Orly M. , Brant Jason A. , Thomas William W. , Fischer John P. , Newman Jason G. , Cannady Steven B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundUnplanned readmissions have become a metric for measuring quality of care. We analyzed the factors associated with 30‐day unplanned readmission (30dUR) following head and neck cancer resections that included free tissue reconstruction (FTR).MethodsThe 2012‐2014 ACS‐National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) data set was queried. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsOut of 1114 cases, 121 had a 30dUR. The most common reasons were wound complications, including incisional infections, hematoma, and hemorrhage. A significant independent risk factor for 30dUR included a clean/contaminated wound class (odds ratio [OR], 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20‐4.76). Patients receiving an osseous FTR had lower readmission rates (OR, 0.51; CI, 0.27‐0.91). Discharge destination had no statistical significance.ConclusionsBased on the NSQIP data set, 10.9% of patients receiving an FTR for head and neck malignancy had a 30dUR. Although large, population‐based data sets have limitations, these results elucidate that these patients are at an increased risk for unplanned readmissions, which can guide patient expectations and discharge planning.
Effect of Metabolic Traits on the Risk of Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Cancer in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Kanwal Fasiha , Kramer Jennifer R. , Li Liang , Dai Jianliang , Natarajan Yamini , Yu Xian , Asch Steven M. , El‐Serag Hashem B. 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common liver condition. Predicting its progression could help clinicians manage and potentially prevent complications. We evaluated the independent and joint effects of metabolic traits on the risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with NAFLD.

APPROACH AND RESULTS
We assembled a retrospective cohort of patients with NAFLD diagnosed at 130 facilities in the Veterans Administration between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2008, with follow‐up through December 31, 2015. We performed competing risk‐adjusted cause‐specific Cox models to evaluate the effects of metabolic traits (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity) as additive or combined indicators on time to develop cirrhosis or HCC or a composite endpoint of both. Of the 271,906 patients, 22,794 developed cirrhosis, and 253 developed HCC during a mean of 9 years follow‐up. At baseline, the mean body mass index was 31.6 (SD, 5.6), 28.7% had diabetes, 70.3% had hypertension, and 62.3% had dyslipidemia with substantial overlap among these traits. The risk of progression was the lowest in patients with only one or no metabolic trait. There was a stepwise increase in risk with each additional metabolic trait. Compared with patients with no metabolic trait, patients with both hypertension and dyslipidemia had 1.8‐fold higher risk of progression to cirrhosis/HCC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.59‐2.06); the risk was 2.6‐fold higher in patients with diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension (HR = 2.6, 95% CI = 2.3‐2.9). These associations were stronger for HCC. Diabetes had the strongest association with HCC in this cohort.

CONCLUSIONS
Each additional metabolic trait increased the risk of cirrhosis and HCC in patients with NAFLD. Diabetes conferred the highest risk of progression to HCC. Patients with diabetes and coexisting hypertension and obesity may be important targets for secondary prevention.
Hippocampal spike‐time correlations and place field overlaps during open field foraging
Authors: Monsalve‐Mercado Mauro M. , Roudi Yasser 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhase precessing place cells encode spatial information on fine timescales via the timing of their spikes. This phase code has been extensively studied on linear tracks and for short runs in the open field. However, less is known about the phase code on unconstrained trajectories lasting tens of minutes, typical of open field foraging. In previous work (Monsalve‐Mercado and Leibold, Physical Review Letters, 119, 38101 (2017)), an analytic expression was derived for the spike‐time cross‐correlation between phase precessing place cells during natural foraging in the open field. This expression makes two predictions on how this phase code differs from the linear track case: cross‐correlations are symmetric with respect to time, and they represent the distance between pairs of place fields in that the theta‐filtered cross‐correlations around zero time lag are positive for cells with nearby fields while they are negative for those with fields further apart. Here we analyze several available open field recordings and show that these predictions hold for pairs of CA1 place cells. We also show that the relationship remains during remapping in CA1, and it is also present in place cells in area CA3. For CA1 place cells of Fmr1‐null mice, which exhibit normal place fields but somewhat weaker temporal coordination with respect to theta compared to wild type, the cross‐correlations still remain symmetric but the relationship to place field overlap is largely lost. The relationship discussed here describes how spatial information is communicated by place cells to downstream areas in a finer theta‐timescale, relevant for learning and memory formation in behavioral tasks lasting tens of minutes in the open field.
Disease characteristics of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma predicting relapse and survival after autologous stem cell transplantation: A single institution experience
Authors: Gaut Daria , Romero Tahmineh , Oveisi David , Howell Grant , Schiller Gary 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhile various tools such as the International Prognostic Index (IPI) and its derivatives exist for risk‐stratification of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) at diagnosis, patient and disease characteristics capable of predicting outcome after high‐dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC/ASCT) are not clearly defined. We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 111 DLBCL patients (78 relapsed and 33 refractory) who underwent HDC/ASCT at our institution from 2010‐2015. After a median follow‐up time of 4.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 2.2‐8.1), the likelihood of 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) was 62.2% (95% CI, 53.4%‐72.4%) and the likelihood of 5‐year overall survival (OS) was 68.9% (95% CI, 60.7%‐78.2%). More than three chemotherapy regimens prior to ASCT was the only variable associated with lower likelihood of PFS (P = .004) and OS (P = 0.026). Male gender and high IPI score at time of ASCT were also associated with lower likelihood of PFS (P = .043; P = .013). NCCN IPI and age‐adjusted IPI at time of ASCT were not predictive of outcome following ASCT. Patients with refractory and relapsed disease had similar outcomes post‐ASCT (P = .207 for PFS, P = .073 for OS).
Romidepsin treatment for relapsed or refractory peripheral and cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma: Real‐life data from a national multicenter observational study
Authors: Shimony Shai , Horowitz Netanel , Ribakovsky Elena , Rozovski Uri , Avigdor Abraham , Zloto Keren , Berger Tamar , Avivi Irit , Perry Chava , Abadi Uri , Raanani Pia , Gafter‐Gvili Anat , Gurion Ronit 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRomidepsin is a class I selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for relapsed/refractory (R/R) cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL), treated with at least one prior systemic therapy. Currently, there is paucity of real‐life data on the efficacy and safety of romidepsin in R/R T‐cell lymphoma. This national, multicenter study presents real‐life data on the efficacy and safety of romidepsin in R/R T‐cell lymphoma. Patients diagnosed and treated with romidepsin for R/R CTCL or PTCL between 2013 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), overall response rate (ORR), complete response (CR), and adverse events. Fifty‐three patients with R/R PTCL (n = 42) or CTCL (n = 11) were included. Among CTCL patients, median OS was not reached, ORR was 25%, and none achieved CR. Among PTCL patients, median OS was 7.1 months, EFS was 1.9 months, ORR rate was 33%, and 12.5% achieved CR. In a univariate analysis, predictors for longer EFS include any response to therapy, number of previous lines, and PTCL subclass (with better results for angioimmunobalstic T‐cell lymphoma). In a univariate and multivariate analysis for OS, treatment response was the only factor predicting OS (OR 4.48; CI 95%, 1.57‐12.79; P = .005). Most grade 3 and 4 adverse events were hematological (35%). Infections were reported in 34% of patients. This real‐life experience with romidepsin confirms the results of the pivotal phase II trials. PTCL subtype and the number of previous lines of therapy have an impact on EFS. In addition, patients who had good response to romidepsin benefited most in terms of both EFS and OS. Efforts should be done to identify those patients.
Quantitative and qualitative impairments in GATA2 and myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Shimizu Ritsuko , Yamamoto Masayuki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGATA2 is a key transcription factor critical for hematopoietic cell development. During the past decade, it became clear that heterozygous germline mutations in the GATA2 gene cause bone marrow failure and primary immunodeficiency syndrome, conditions that lead to a predisposition toward myeloid neoplasms, such as myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Somatic mutations of the GATA2 gene are also involved in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies. Cases with GATA2 gene mutations are divided into two groups, resulting in either a quantitative deficiency or a qualitative defect in the GATA2 protein depending on the mutation position and type. In the former case, GATA2 mRNA expression from the mutant allele is markedly reduced or completely abrogated, and reduced GATA2 protein expression is involved in the pathogenesis. In the latter case, almost equal amounts of structurally abnormal and wildtype GATA2 proteins are predicted to be present and contribute to the pathogenesis. The development of mouse models of these human GATA2‐related diseases has been undertaken, which naturally develop myeloid neoplasms.
BMP‐Smad Signaling Regulates Postnatal Crown Dentinogenesis in Mouse Molar
Authors: Omi Maiko , Kulkarni Anshul K , Raichur Anagha , Fox Mason , Uptergrove Amber , Zhang Honghao , Mishina Yuji 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTDentinogenesis, a formation of dentin by odontoblasts, is an essential process during tooth development. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are one of the most crucial growth factors that contribute to dentin formation. However, it is still unclear how BMP signaling pathways regulate postnatal crown and root dentinogenesis. BMPs transduce signals through canonical Smad and non‐Smad signaling pathways including p38 and ERK signaling pathways. To investigate the roles of Smad and non‐Smad signaling pathways in dentinogenesis, we conditionally deleted Bmpr1a, which encodes the type 1A receptor for BMPs, to remove both Smad and non‐Smad pathways in Osterix‐expressing cells. We also expressed a constitutively activated form of Bmpr1a (caBmpr1a) to increase Smad1/5/9 signaling activity without altered non‐Smad activity in odontoblasts. To understand the function of BMP signaling during postnatal dentin formation, Cre activity was induced at the day of birth. Our results showed that loss of BmpR1A in odontoblasts resulted in impaired dentin formation and short molar roots at postnatal day 21. Bmpr1a cKO mice displayed a reduction of dentin matrix production compared to controls associated with increased cell proliferation and reduced Osx and Dspp expression. In contrast, caBmpr1a mutant mice that show increased Smad1/5/9 signaling activity resulted in no overt tooth phenotype. To further dissect the functions of each signaling activity, we generated Bmpr1a cKO mice also expressing caBmpr1a to restore only Smad1/5/9 signaling activity. Restoring Smad activity in the compound mutant mice rescued impaired crown dentin formation in the Bmpr1a cKO mice; however, impaired root dentin formation and short roots were not changed. These results suggest that BMP‐Smad signaling in odontoblasts is responsible for crown dentin formation, while non‐Smad signaling may play a major role in root dentin formation and elongation. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Retracted: Long noncoding RNA PCAT‐1 knockdown prevents the development of ovarian cancer cells via microRNA‐124‐3p
Authors: Min Fengying , Chu Guoyan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNA prostate cancer‐associated transcript 1 (PCAT‐1) is overexpressed in human malignancies and its silence abates the exaggeration of cancers. Whereas, the activity of PCAT‐1 silence in ovarian cancer (OC) remains elusive. Here, our study was designed to corroborate the function of PCAT‐1 silence in cellular activities and the molecular mechanisms. PCAT‐1 in human ovarian tumor tissue specimens and cell lines (A2780 and SKOV3) were quantified by real‐time quantitative reverse polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Reinforced silence of PCAT‐1 and microRNA (miR)‐124‐3p was established by transfection and identified by qRT‐PCR. The viability, apoptosis as well as migration and invasion were examined. Western blot was exploited for analysis of proteins involved in proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and signaling transduction. OC tissues showed the accumulation of PCAT‐1. Silencing PCAT‐1 caused the impediment of proliferation, migration, and invasion with the increase in apoptosis. PCAT‐1 knockdown repressed the expression of cyclin D1, CDK6, p53, Bax, cleaved caspase‐3, metallopeptidases, and vimentin with the restoration of miR‐124‐3p. However, the roles of PCAT‐1 silence were weakened in the absence of miR‐124‐3p. PCAT‐1 silence caused decrease in Wnt3a, β‐catenin, and phosphorylation of protein kinase B and mechanistic target of rapamycin was abolished by miR‐124‐3p inhibitor. The tumor‐suppressive role of PCAT‐1 silence was mediated by miR‐124‐3p.
Five genes as a novel signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer
Authors: Zhang Guihai , Fan Erxi , Yue Guojun , Zhong Qiuyue , Shuai Yu , Wu Mingna , Feng Guangyong , Chen Qiying , Gou Xiaoxia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, we purpose to investigate a novel five‐gene signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer. The laryngeal cancer datasets were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to screening for prognostic differential expressed genes (DEGs), and a novel gene signature was obtained. The performance of this Cox regression model was tested by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC). Further survival analysis for each of the five genes was carried out through the Kaplan‐Meier curve and Log‐rank test. Totally, 622 DEGs were screened from the TCGA datasets in this study. We construct a five‐gene signature through Cox survival analysis. Patients were divided into low‐ and high‐risk groups depending on the median risk score, and a significant difference of the 5‐year overall survival was found between these two groups (P < .05). ROC curves verified that this five‐gene signature had good performance to predict the prognosis of laryngeal cancer (AUC = 0.862, P < .05). In conclusion, the five‐gene signature consist of EMP1, HOXB9, DPY19L2P1, MMP1, and KLHDC7B might be applied as an independent prognosis predictor of laryngeal cancer.