bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infections or Sepsis Preceding Clinically Diagnosed α‐Synucleinopathies: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Hasan Shemonti , Mielke Michelle M. , Ahlskog J. Eric , Bower James , Turcano Pierpaolo , Savica Rodolfo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have proposed a role for infections to induce an inflammatory response triggering Parkinson's disease. This remains controversial and the influence of severe infections on other α‐synucleinopathies (Dementia with Lewy Bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia, and Multiple System Atrophy) has not been adequately investigated.ObjectivesTo assess the association between hospitalization‐required infections or sepsis and risk of clinically diagnosed α‐synucleinopathies.MethodsUsing the medical records‐linkage system (Rochester Epidemiology Project), we identified all α‐synucleinopathy cases of in Olmsted County (1991–2010). Cases were matched by symptom‐onset age and sex to controls. We reviewed complete medical records to detect hospital‐required infections or sepsis preceding clinical‐motor onset of α‐synucleinopathies. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio of all α‐synucleinopathies, adjusting for medications, coffee, and smoking.ResultsThere was no association between infection‐related hospitalization (odds ratio: 1.05; 95% confidence interval: 0.78–1.40; P = 0.76) or sepsis (odds ratio: 0.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.40–1.85; P = 0.70) and all α‐synucleinopathies in multivariable analyses. We did not identify any associations after stratifying for type of α‐synucleinopathy, sex, and age at clinical‐motor onset. We analyzed sepsis separately with similar results.ConclusionWe did not observe any associations between infections leading to hospitalization or sepsis and development of any α‐synucleinopathies. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Pregnancy management in a patient with stickler syndrome
Authors: Gomez Julie , Rice Stephanie M. , Makhamreh Mona M. , Al‐Kouatly Huda B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundStickler syndrome is a collagen disorder that can affect multiple organ systems. It is characterized by ocular abnormalities, hearing loss, midfacial hypoplasia, hypermobility, and joint abnormalities. The phenotypic expression of Stickler syndrome can vary among those affected. Since Stickler syndrome is a collagen disorder, it is possible to expect pregnancy complications similar to those reported in other collagen disorders. To our knowledge, there is only one case report in the literature on the management of pregnancy and delivery of a patient with Stickler syndrome.Methods/Case ReportA 37‐year‐old primigravid woman with a diagnosis of Stickler syndrome presented at 9 weeks gestation for prenatal genetic consultation. At 26, the patient had prophylactic laser therapy for lattice degeneration of the retina. At 32, she was found to be heterozygous for the c.1527 G>T variant in the COL2A1 gene, which is associated with ocular abnormalities and autosomal dominant form of Stickler syndrome. Subsequently, she desired to pursue prenatal diagnostic testing for the familial variant. The patient voiced that the results would impact pregnancy management. Amniocentesis was performed at 16 weeks gestation. Results were negative for the maternal COL2A1 variant. Karyotype was normal (46, XX).ResultsA multidisciplinary team using a patient‐centered approach including obstetrics, ophthalmology, maternal‐fetal medicine, and genetics determined that there were no contraindications for vaginal delivery. At 39 weeks, the patient underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery with no complications.ConclusionThere is a paucity of data available regarding the maternal outcomes of women affected with collagen disorders, especially Stickler Syndrome. This case highlights the importance of accurate genetic diagnosis in the prenatal period and provides information to physicians caring for patients with Stickler syndrome.
A low‐profile dual‐band shared‐aperture antenna based on artificial magnetic conductor with transparent elements
Authors: Volkov Alexander P. , Kakshin Vitalii V. , Ryzhov Igor Yu. , Kozlov Kirill V. , Kurochkin Alexander P. , Grinev Alexander Yu. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article presents a dual‐band shared‐aperture antenna. The lower‐band antenna consists of two printed dipoles operated in a 1.6‐2.4 GHz frequency band. An artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is used to reduce the lower‐band antenna profile. The higher‐band antenna consists of 4 × 2 aperture coupling patches operated in 5.3‐7.1 GHz frequency band and placed between the antenna ground plane and the AMC. The AMC elements act as a bandpass frequency‐selective surface for the higher‐band antenna. Simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has 40% and 29% impedance and 3‐dB gain bandwidths for the lower‐band and higher‐band antennas, respectively, and port isolation of less than −20 dB.
Das Rezept für schmalbandige Leuchtstoffe
Authors: Suta Markus , George Janine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLED‐Lichtquellen sollen farbecht sein. Ein einfaches und gleichzeitig zuverlässiges Strukturkonzept erlaubt es, sowohl die Farbe der Emission als auch die Breite der entsprechenden Bande bei Eu2+‐basierten Leuchtstoffen zu steuern.
Spezieller und interdisziplinärer
Authors: Bulmahn Maren 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDer Umsatz des Essener Unternehmens Evonik hat sich im Jahr 2019 im Vergleich zum Vorjahr kaum verändert. Der Konzern will seine Ausrichtung ändern. Dafür hat er das Acrylglasgeschäft verkauft.
Der Run auf die Virentests
Authors: Osterath Brigitte 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMöglichst viele Menschen auf eine Infektion mit Sars‐Cov‐2 zu testen, hat Vorteile. Nicht nur enthüllt das die wahre Durchseuchung der Bevölkerung, sondern: Wer weiß, dass er das Virus in sich trägt, bleibt auch bereitwilliger zu Hause. Aber so einfach zu beschaffen sind die Testreagenzien in der benötigten Menge nicht.
An adaptive high‐dimensional model representation method for reliability analysis of geotechnical engineering problems
Authors: Wang Qian , Fang Hongbing 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this study, a new reliability analysis method was developed based on the adaptive high‐dimensional model representation (HDMR) and applied to geotechnical engineering problems. For practical problems requiring finite element (FE) analysis or other numerical methods to evaluate system responses such as stresses and deformations, an efficient and accurate metamodeling technique is needed because it is not efficient or straightforward to directly adopt the conventional sampling‐based or gradient‐based reliability analysis approaches. In this work, an adaptive metamodeling approach was created and studied based on the HDMR framework and augmented radial basis functions (ARBFs). In this adaptive ARBF‐HDMR technique, a simple and inexpensive first‐order ARBF‐HDMR metamodel was first constructed to explicitly express a performance function, and an alternate first‐order reliability method (FORM) was applied to locate the design point and compute the reliability index. A local window was then defined such that additional sample points were generated and a higher‐order HDMR component function was created using ARBF and added to the existing ARBF‐HDMR metamodel. The accuracy of the ARBF‐HDMR metamodel was improved through this adaptive process, especially in the region surrounding the design point. One mathematical and four geotechnical engineering problems were studied and solved using the proposed adaptive ARBF‐HDMR approach. The proposed method was found to be capable of obtaining accurate reliability indices within a few iterations in all test problems.
Construction and Use of Body Weight Measures from Administrative Data in a Large National Health System: A Systematic Review
Authors: Annis Ann , Freitag Michelle B. , Evans Richard R. , Wiitala Wyndy L. , Burns Jennifer , Raffa Susan D. , Spohr Stephanie A. , Damschroder Laura J. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveAdministrative data are increasingly used in research and evaluation yet lack standardized guidelines for constructing measures using these data. Body weight measures from administrative data serve critical functions of monitoring patient health, evaluating interventions, and informing research. This study aimed to describe the algorithms used by researchers to construct and use weight measures.MethodsA structured, systematic literature review of studies that constructed body weight measures from the Veterans Health Administration was conducted. Key information regarding time frames and time windows of data collection, measure calculations, data cleaning, treatment of missing and outlier weight values, and validation processes was collected.ResultsWe identified 39 studies out of 492 nonduplicated records for inclusion. Studies parameterized weight outcomes as change in weight from baseline to follow‐up (62%), weight trajectory over time (21%), proportion of participants meeting weight threshold (46%), or multiple methods (28%). Most (90%) reported total time in follow‐up and number of time points. Fewer reported time windows (54%), outlier values (51%), missing values (34%), or validation strategies (15%).ConclusionsA high variability in the operationalization of weight measures was found. Improving methods to construct clinical measures will support transparency and replicability in approaches, guide interpretation of findings, and facilitate comparisons across studies.
Change in nutritional status among women of childbearing age in India (1998–2016)
Authors: Yaya Sanni , Ghose Bishwajit 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIntroductionIn absolute numbers, India has more undernourished people than all the countries in sub‐Saharan Africa combined. In parallel with the high rates of hunger and undernutrition, the country has been undergoing rapid demographic and dietary transition marked by an increased prevalence of overweight/obesity, particularly among women.ObjectiveTo measure the changing prevalence of overnutrition during last two decades, as well as to identify the associated sociodemographic correlates among pregnant and non‐pregnant women in India.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study based on data from the latest round of National Family Health Survey (2015–2016) conducted among urban and rural women. Participants were 687,876 women (655,850 non‐pregnant and 32,026 pregnant) aged between 15 and 49 years. Nutritional status was assessed in terms of body mass index (BMI) using the cut‐off for Asian population.ResultsSince 1998–1999, the prevalence of underweight has decreased by 9.2%, while that of overweight (BMI = 23–27.4 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2) has increased by 6.7% and 3.4%, respectively. Results of multivariable regression analysis revealed significant association between nutritional status and age, parity residency, educational level, religious affiliation, household wealth quintile, and TV watching behaviour. Of those, age and wealth status appeared to be the strongest predictors among both pregnant and non‐pregnant women.ConclusionSince 1998, there has been a considerable drop in the prevalence of underweight and rise in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Significant sociodemographic variations exist in nutritional status, notably age and financial situation, which should be highlighted in national nutrition policymaking and intervention programmes.
Single‐chain polymer nanoparticles via click crosslinking and effect of photoinduced radical combination on crosslink points
Authors: Keklik Merve , Akar Irem , Temel Binnur Aydogan , Balta Demet Karaca , Temel Gokhan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFolding of azide functionalized polymer chains was obtained via the copper‐catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) methodology using a light‐responsive crosslinker as the ‘click’ component. Subsequently, crosslinked junction points were combined with a photoinduced radical combination strategy to achieve more compact nanoparticles. The resultant folding particles possess smaller particle sizes and higher glass transition temperature values compared to their linear analogues. Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, SEC, DSC, dynamic light scattering, 1H NMR and TEM techniques were used for characterization. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Whether extended pelvic lymph node dissection should be performed in prostate cancer: The present evidence from a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zheng Yuxiao , Gao Yang , Cheng Yifei , Qi Feng , Zou Qing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeTo compare non‐extended pelvic lymph node dissection (nePLND) with extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) in outcomes and complications of patients with prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsA comprehensive search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science was performed. We extracted the first author, year of publication, basic characteristics of patients, method of radical prostatectomy (RP), extent of PLND, number of lymph node yields (LNY), and percentage of LN metastasis. Besides, information about inpatients outcomes and complications were also collected. The modified Newcastle‐Ottawa scale was compiled to assess the level of evidence of all controlled studies. Next, we used odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) to evaluate the difference between nePLND and ePLND in meta‐analysis, and a P value of <.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 11 studies including 7489 patients were included in our study. Compared with nePLND, more LNY and metastasized LNs (OR = 3.104, 95% CI: 2.407‐4.001, z = 8.74, P < .001) could be dissected by ePLND. Besides, more complications from ePLND group compared with nePLND group (ePLND vs nePLND: OR = 2.118, 95% CI: 1.107‐4.051, z = 2.27, P = .023). Furthermore, the results of subgroup analysis revealed that ePLND group led to more complications from all three RP approaches. In addition, our results showed that extender PLND led to more blood loss and longer operating room time in PCa patients with open radical prostatectomy (ORP). No statistics discrepancy in postoperative length of stay and operating room time was observed except one single study. Finally, there were no significant difference observed in transfusion and prostate weight.ConclusionsThe results of our study indicated that extender PLND led to more LNY and more metastasized LNs. More harm would be brought by ePLND in ORP, whereas not in LRP and RALP. In addition, ePLND may lead to more overall compilations than nePLND.
Screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in unselected triple‐negative breast cancer patients: A series from north of Morocco
Authors: Mansouri Mohammed , Derkaoui Touria , Bakkach Joaira , Loudiyi Ali , Ghailani Nourouti Naima , Barakat Amina , de Villarreal Jaime Martínez , Bringas Carlos Cortijo , Bennani Mechita Mohcine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is strongly associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline pathogenic variants. Revised NCCN guidelines recommend that TNBC patients ≤60 years of age should be referred for genetic counseling and consideration of BRCA1/2 testing. The aim of the present study is to characterize germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants in a series of TNBC patients from the north of Morocco.MethodsWe analyzed BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes by next generation sequencing in a cohort of 32 patients unselected for family history and age of diagnosis.ResultsAmong 32 patients with TNBC, 7 carried a pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variant (21.87%). Six patients carried a pathogenic BRCA1 variant and one carried a pathogenic BRCA2 variant. Overall, six different pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants were identified, including frameshift, nonsense, and missense variants. The BRCA1 missense c.5309G>T, a founder pathogenic variant in the Moroccan population, was identified in two unrelated patients. In addition, six variants of unknown clinical significance were identified.ConclusionsThe understanding of BRCA1 and BRCA2 status in TNBC patients plays an important role in optimizing the preventive and therapeutic management. Despite the small size of our cohort, we believe that this work would help broaden our knowledge of TNBC and BRCA1/2 variants in Morocco.
Climate‐based seasonal dynamics of the invasive red palm mite Raoiella indica
Authors: da Silva Ricardo Siqueira , Fidelis Elisângela Gomes , Amaro George , Ramos Rodrigo Soares , Junior Paulo Antônio Santana , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDRaoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is the most critical coconut and banana pest recently introduced in Brazil. Once the mite pests are introduced, it is essential to understand their dynamics in important crops under open‐field climatic conditions to implement strategies for their management and determine the periods when species populations may increase in the field. Modelling tools have been used to determine the potential distribution of species and implications for the management of invasive species. Thus, our aim in this study was to determine the seasonal variation in R. indica and the influence of the monthly climate using CLIMEX modelling. We adjusted the CLIMEX model for R. indica based on distribution data, additional biological characteristics, and fluctuations in the R. indica population in a commercial coconut plantation.RESULTSThe model for the current climate shows a good match between the ecoclimatic index and the global distribution of R. indica. The model results demonstrate that most states of Brazil and several regions worldwide include areas with highly suitable climatic conditions for R. indica. We observed variations in the density of R. indica in commercial coconut crops, with the highest incidence occurring during the first months of the year.CONCLUSIONOur results showed different alterations in seasonal suitability for R. indica that may provide information for the implementation of methods for time management, such as strategies for sampling and control during periods with a high degree of suitability for R. indica. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparison of two treatments in the presence of competing risks
Authors: Lyu Jingjing , Chen Jinbao , Hou Yawen , Chen Zheng 
Published: June 2020

SummaryCompeting risks data arise frequently in clinical trials, and a common problem encountered is the overall homogeneity between two groups. In competing risks analysis, when the proportional subdistribution hazard assumption is violated or two cumulative incidence function (CIF) curves cross; currently, the most commonly used testing methods, for example, the Gray test and the Pepe and Mori test, may lead to a significant loss of statistical testing power. In this article, we propose a testing method based on the area between the CIF curves (ABC). The ABC test captures the difference over the whole time interval for which survival information is available for both groups and is not based on any special assumptions regarding the underlying distributions. The ABC test was also extended to test short‐term and long‐term effects. We also consider a combined test and a two‐stage procedure based on this new method, and a bootstrap resampling procedure is suggested in practice to approximate the limiting distribution of the combined test and two‐stage test. An extensive series of Monte Carlo simulations is conducted to investigate the power and the type I error rate of the methods. In addition, based on our simulations, our proposed TS, Comb, and ABC tests have a relatively high power in most situations. In addition, the methods are illustrated using two different datasets with different CIF situations.
On sigma estimators for the case of M>1 subgroups and quality control S charts of varying sample sizes
Authors: Maghsoodloo Saeed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article discusses the (precision and accuracy) relative efficiencies of all estimators of a normal population standard deviation σ = σX for M > 1 subgroups of different sample sizes. We have examined the statistical properties of seven estimators of σX which are (1) the pooled estimator Sp, (2) the pooled unbiased estimator
, (3) the maximum likelihood estimator
, (4) Irving W. Burr's weighted ranges, (5 and 6) the last two Burr estimators, and the author's optimal estimator
. Unlike the case of M = 1 subgroup, our introduction section shows that the
for M > 1 subgroups is the least accurate of σ estimators and should be avoided in all applications only when M > 1. As a consequence of our findings, modifications of at least two choices to control limits of S chart are provided. Part 1 of this article (Sections 1–6) compares estimators assuming a process is under statistical control, and Part 2 (Sections 7–10) discusses all statistical aspects of the S chart of varying sample sizes.
Hepatitis C genotype 4: A report on resistance‐associated substitutions in NS3, NS5A, and NS5B genes
Authors: Fadl Nahla , Salem Tamer Z. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryAuthor ContributionFN performed the literature review and wrote the manuscript; STZ coauthored, edited, and reviewed the manuscript.AbstractTreatment response in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has generated varied effects in patients. Recently, nonresponsive and relapse patients related to host and genotype variabilities have been reported in clinical trials. However, these trials included minimal sample sizes of patients with genotype 4, the most prevalent genotype in Egypt and the Middle East, compared with genotypes 1 and 2. The genetic variabilities that have been detected within the HCV genes, especially the ones associated with genotype 4, and are linked to treatment response, will be the focus of this review with emphasis on direct acting antiviral agents. In addition, the major studies and clinical trials performed globally and their inclusivity of genotype 4 are reported. This review also delineates future study areas and missing data that need further investigation when it comes to genotype 4.
Discrete‐time invariant extended Kalman filter on matrix Lie groups
Authors: Phogat Karmvir Singh , Chang Dong Eui 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this article, we derive symmetry preserving discrete‐time invariant extended Kalman filters (IEKF) on matrix Lie groups. These Kalman filters offer an advantage over classical extended Kalman filters as the error dynamics for such filters are independent of the group configuration which, in turn, provides a uniform estimate of the region of convergence. In contrast to existing techniques in the literature, the discrete‐time IEKF is derived using minimal tools from differential geometry which simplifies the derivation and the representation of IEKF. In our technique, the linearized error dynamics is defined on the Lie algebra directly using variational approaches, unlike conventional approaches where the error dynamics is translated to an Euclidean space using the logarithm map before its linearization. Moreover, the Kalman gains and its associated difference Riccati equations are derived in operator spaces by setting a discrete‐time optimal control problem and solving it with discrete‐time Pontryagin's maximum principle. The proposed discrete‐time IEKF is implemented for the attitude dynamics of the rigid body, which is a benchmark problem in control. It is observed from the numerical studies that the IEKF is computationally less intensive and provides better performance than the classical extended Kalman filter.