bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Características clínicas de usuários abusivos de substâncias psicoativas internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Pereira Gabriela Botelho , Silveira Karine Langmantel , Borges Carla Luciane dos Santos , Oliveira Michele Mandagará de 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: descrever as causas de internação e comorbidades de pacientes com diagnóstico de abuso/dependência de substâncias psicoativas internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Método: estudo retrospectivo, descritivoexploratório, transversal e quantitativo. Resultados: pesquisaram-se 865 prontuários entre 2012 e 2015, e a prevalência de uso de substâncias foi de 51,9%. Destes, 22% são usuários de álcool e 48,7%, de tabaco. Entre os usuários com dependência diagnosticada, as principais causas de internação encontradas foram doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (100%) e hemorragia digestiva (84%), e a maioria dos pacientes apresentou mais do que uma comorbidade simultaneamente. Conclusão: os resultados apontaram inúmeras causas de internação e comorbidades que demonstraram o comprometimento físico e psíquicoque pode estar relacionado ao consumo excessivo de substâncias psicoativas.
Estudo das propriedades psicométricas do Addiction Severity Index (ASI): revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Fernandes Lídia Reis , Sartes Laisa Marcorela Andreoli , Ferreira Maira Leon 
Published: September 2020

Introdução: O Addiction Severity Index (ASI) é um instrumento que permite avaliar informações sobre vários aspectos da vida de pessoas com problemas associados ao uso de álcool e outras drogas. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura das propriedades psicométricas do ASI. Método: Foram incluídos estudos indexados nas bases de dados Pubmed, PsycInfo, Scielo e Lilacs, que abordavam estudos de avaliação psicométrica da quitna e sexta versão do ASI. Resultados: Descritos em categorias classificadas quanto ao número de métodos de análises, mostram manuscritos de diversos países que utilizaram métodos clássicos para as análises de validação e confiabilidade da quinta e da sexta versão do ASI. Ambas as versões apresentaram boas propriedades psicométricas, embora algumas áreas, apresentaram algumas limitações quanto à confiabilidade e a consistência interna. A maioria dos estudos mostra uma correlação moderada entre os escores sumários do ASI e outros instrumentos. As análises apoiaram a multidimensionalidade do ASI, porém, tiveram algumas exceções. Conclusão: Apesar das limitações, o ASI é utilizado amplamente em todo o mundo, por profissionais de diferentes áreas, psicólogos, enfermeiros, assistentes sociais e psiquiatras. Tem auxiliado clínicos e pesquisadores, contribuindo para a elaboração de um plano terapêutico, determinando as prioridades clínicas, bem como o manejo dessas.
Simulation model for bull:cow ratio in beef cattle
Authors: Filipini Valdir Trindade , Isola José Victor Vieira , Neves Adriana Pires , Barbosa Marlon Risso , Wienke Barbara Cristina dos Santos , Scherer Natálie Pontes , Fontoura Júnior José Acélio Silveira da 
Published: September 2020

The most used reproduction method in beef cattle in Brazil is natural breeding, which corresponds to 84% of calves born. Breeders adopt the bull:cow ratio of 1:25, which results in a sub utilization of bulls, making natural breeding antieconomic and underestimating the reproductive ability of competent bulls. The bull:cow ratio is determined by several factors, such as climate and nutrition, but the most determining factor is the fertility of the bull, estimated with more precision through breeding soundness examination of bulls. The aim of this study was to develop a simulation model as an aid to choose the best bull:cow ratio according to the combination of the many factors that determine this ratio. It is a conceptual, empiric, static, and determinist model which, through the processing of the input data, simulates the best BCR. Developed on the Vensim PLE 6.1 software, the model describes variables related to bulls and cows. Two equations were generated to predict the mating potential of males. In the same way, according to the reproductive status of females, equations were generated to predict the cyclicity rate of the cows. The sum of these equations originated the one that determines BCR according to the reproductive status of females. This model might serve as a tool to support decisions as to the best BCR and could be used with several combinations of models´ characteristics.
Adults With Mild‐to‐Moderate Congenital Heart Disease Demonstrate Measurable Neurocognitive Deficits
Authors: Perrotta Melissa L. , Saha Priyanka , Zawadzki Roy , Beidelman Mark , Ingelsson Erik , Lui George K. , Priest James R. 
Published: September 2020

Background
Neurocognitive impairment is a common complication of congenital heart disease (CHD) as well as acquired cardiovascular disease. Data are limited on neurocognitive function in adults with CHD (ACHD).

Methods and Results

A total of 1020 individuals with mild‐to‐moderate ACHD and 497 987 individuals without ACHD from the volunteer‐based UK Biobank study underwent neurocognitive tests for fluid intelligence, reaction time, numeric memory, symbol‐digit substitution, and trail making at enrollment and follow‐up. Performance scores were compared before and after exclusion of preexisting stroke or coronary artery disease as measures of cerebro‐ and cardiovascular disease. Individuals with ACHD had significantly poorer performance on alpha‐numeric trail making, a measure of visual attention and cognitive flexibility, spending 6.4 seconds longer on alpha‐numeric trail making (95% CI, 3.0–9.9 seconds,
P
=0.002) and 2.5 seconds longer on numeric trail making (95% CI, 0.5–4.6 seconds,
P
=0.034), a measure of visual attention and processing speed. The ACHD cohort had modestly lower performance on symbol‐digit substitution, a measure of processing speed, with 0.9 fewer correct substitutions (95% CI, − 1.5 to − 0.2 substitutions,
P
=0.021). After excluding preexisting stroke or coronary artery disease, individuals with ACHD continued to show poorer performance in all 6 domains (
P
=NS).

Conclusions
Individuals with mild‐to‐moderate ACHD had poorer neurocognitive performance, most significantly in tests of cognitive flexibility, analogous to deficits in children with CHD. These differences appear to be driven by increased burden of cerebro‐ and cardiovascular disease among individuals with ACHD.
Association of Changes in Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Risk of Subsequent Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality
Authors: Gaye Bamba , Tajeu Gabriel S. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Lassale Camille , Allen Norrina B. , Singh‐Manoux Archana , Jouven Xavier 
Published: September 2020

Background
The extent to which change in cardiovascular health (CVH) in midlife reduces risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease and mortality is unclear.

Methods and Results
CVH was computed at 2 ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study visits in 1987 to 1989 and 1993 to 1995, using 7 metrics (smoking, body mass index, total cholesterol, blood glucose, blood pressure, physical activity, and diet), each classified as poor, intermediate, and ideal. Overall CVH was classified as poor, intermediate, and ideal to correspond to 0 to 2, 3 to 4, and 5 to 7 metrics at ideal levels. There 10 038 participants, aged 44 to 66 years that were eligible. From the first to the second study visit, there was an improvement in overall CVH for 17% of participants and a decrease in CVH for 21% of participants. At both study visits, 28%, 27%, and 6% had poor, intermediate, and ideal overall CVH, respectively. Compared with those with poor CVH at both visits, the risk of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio [HR], 0.26; 95% CI, 0.20–0.34) and mortality (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.29–0.44) was lowest in those with ideal CVH at both measures. Improvement from poor to intermediate/ideal CVH was also associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.59–0.75) and mortality (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.72–0.89).

Conclusions
Improvement in CVH or stable ideal CVH, compared with those with poor CVH over time, is associated with a lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease and all‐cause mortality. The change in smoking status and cholesterol may have accounted for a large part of the observed association.
Look at me while having sex! Eye-to-eye contact affects homosexual behaviour in bonobo females
Authors: Annicchiarico G. , Bertini M. , Cordoni G. , Palagi E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In humans, eye-to-eye contact (EEC) or mutual gazing is a reflexive predisposition occurring in intimate contexts. We investigated the role of EEC during bonobo socio-sexual contacts. Females engage in homosexual ventro-ventral, genito-genital rubbing (VVGGR) during which they embrace each other while rubbing part of their vulvae and, sometimes, clitoris. VVGGR facilitates conflict resolution, anxiety reduction and social bonding. We found that EEC was negatively affected by female bonding: the more the eye contact, the weaker the social relationship. This suggests that EEC promotes an intimate contact between the more unfamiliar subjects. Moreover, VVGGRs were successfully prolonged in presence of at least one event of EEC compared to VVGGRs during which none of the partners looked towards the other or only one looked at the other’s face. EEC has been probably favoured by natural selection to enhance the cohesion between bonobo females, who can gain social power through socio-sexual contacts.
Is Weather Chaotic?: Coexistence of Chaos and Order within a Generalized Lorenz Model
Authors: Shen Bo-Wen , Pielke Roger A. , Zeng Xubin , Baik Jong-Jin , Faghih-Naini Sara , Cui Jialin , Atlas Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver 50 years since Lorenz’s 1963 study and a follow-up presentation in 1972, the statement “weather is chaotic” has been well accepted. Such a view turns our attention from regularity associated with Laplace’s view of determinism to irregularity associated with chaos. In contrast to single-type chaotic solutions, recent studies using a generalized Lorenz model (GLM) have focused on the coexistence of chaotic and regular solutions that appear within the same model using the same modeling configurations but different initial conditions. The results, with attractor coexistence, suggest that the entirety of weather possesses a dual nature of chaos and order with distinct predictability. In this study, based on the GLM, we illustrate the following two mechanisms that may enable or modulate two kinds of attractor coexistence and, thus, contribute to distinct predictability: 1) the aggregated negative feedback of small-scale convective processes that can produce stable nontrivial equilibrium points and, thus, enable the appearance of stable steady-state solutions and their coexistence with chaotic or nonlinear oscillatory solutions, referred to as the first and second kinds of attractor coexistence; and 2) the modulation of large-scale time-varying forcing (heating) that can determine (or modulate) the alternative appearance of two kinds of attractor coexistence. Based on our results, we then discuss new opportunities and challenges in predictability research with the aim of improving predictions at extended-range time scales, as well as subseasonal to seasonal time scales.
Simulated Changes in Storm Morphology Associated with a Sea-Breeze Air Mass
Authors: Hartigan Joshua , Warren Robert A. , Soderholm Joshua S. , Richter Harald 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe central east coast of Australia is frequently impacted by large hail and damaging winds associated with severe convective storms, with individual events recording damages exceeding AUD 1 billion. These storms present a significant challenge for forecasting because of their development in seemingly marginal environments. They often have been observed to intensify upon approaching the coast, with case studies and climatological analyses indicating that interactions with the sea breeze are key to this process. The relative importance of the additional lifting and vorticity along the sea-breeze front in comparison with the change to a cooler, moister air mass with stronger low-level shear behind the front has yet to be investigated. Here, the role of the sea-breeze air mass is isolated using idealized numerical simulations of storms developing in a horizontally homogeneous environment. The base-state substitution (BSS) modeling technique is utilized to introduce the sea-breeze air mass following initial storm development. Relative to a simulation without BSS, the storm is longer lived and more intense, ultimately developing supercell characteristics including increased updraft rotation, deviant motion to the left of the mean wind vector, and a strong reflectivity gradient on the inflow edge. Separately simulating the changes in the thermodynamic and wind fields reveals that the enhanced storm longevity and intensity are primarily due to the latter. The change in the low-level environmental winds slows gust-front propagation, allowing the storm to continue to ingest warm, potentially buoyant environmental air. At the same time, increased low-level shear promotes the development of persistent updraft rotation that causes the storm to make a transition from a multicell to a supercell.
Multisite Effectiveness Study of the Marquette Method of Natural Family Planning Program
Authors: Mu Qiyan , Fehring Richard J. , Bouchard Thomas 
Published: September 2020

Women of reproductive age need reliable and effective family planning methods to manage their fertility. Natural family planning (NFP) methods or fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) have been increasingly used by women due to their health benefits. Nevertheless, effectiveness of these natural methods remains inconsistent, and these methods are difficult for healthcare providers to implement in their clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Marquette Model NFP system to avoid pregnancy for women at multiple teaching sites using twelve months of retrospectively collected teaching data. Survival analysis (Kaplan–Meier) was used to determine typical unintended pregnancy rates for a total of 1,221 women. There were forty-two unintended pregnancies which provided a typical use unintended pregnancy rate of 6.7 per 100 women over twelve months of use. Eleven of the forty-two unintended pregnancies were associated with correct use of the method. The total unintended pregnancy rate over twelve months of use was 2.8 per 100 for women with regular cycles, 8.0 per 100 women for the postpartum and breastfeeding women, and 4.3 per 100 for women with irregular menstrual cycles. The Marquette Model system of NFP was effective when provided by health professionals who completed the Marquette Model NFP teacher training program. Summary: This study involved determining whether healthcare professionals at ten sites across the United States and Canada trained to provide the Marquette Method NFP services can replicate the effectiveness demonstrated in previous studies of the method. We found a high level of effectiveness (i.e., very low pregnancy rates) in using the Marquette Method among women from various regions across North America with diverse reproductive backgrounds and in particular when using hormonal fertility marker. Healthcare providers who have been trained to teach NFP can successfully incorporate NFP services in their practice and assist their clients in choosing appropriate family planning methods.
Efficacy and safety of bivalirudin application during primary percutaneous coronary intervention in older patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Chen Hongwu , Yu Xiaofan , Kong Xiangyong , Li Longwei , Wu Jiawei , Ma Likun 
Published: September 2020

Objective ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the most serious type of acute coronary syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin application during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in older patients with acute STEMI. Methods A total of 672 older patients with STEMI (>75 years) who underwent PPCI were studied. The primary endpoints were 30-day net adverse clinical events (NACEs) post-emergency percutaneous coronary intervention, including major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium grades 2 to 5 (BARC 2–5) bleeding events. Results The incidence of NACEs and BARC 2–5 bleeding events in the bivalirudin group was significantly lower than that in the unfractionated heparin group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that bivalirudin significantly reduced 30-day NACEs (odds ratio: 0.700, 95% confidence interval: 0.492–0.995) and BARC 2–5 bleeding events (odds ratio: 0.561, 95% confidence interval: 0.343–0.918). At 1-year follow-up, these results were similar. Conclusions Bivalirudin can be safely and effectively used during PPCI in older patients with STEMI. Bivalirudin reduces the risks of NACEs and bleeding within 30 days after PPCI, without increasing the risks of MACCEs and stent thrombosis compared with heparin.
Suicidality Over the First 5 Years of Psychosis: Does Extending Early Intervention Have Benefits?
Authors: Iyer Srividya N. , Mustafa Sally S. , Moro Laura , Jarvis G. Eric , Joober Ridha , Abadi Sherezad , Casacalenda Nicola , Margolese Howard C. , Abdel-Baki Amal , Lepage Martin , Malla Ashok 
Published: September 2020

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) receiving extended early intervention (EI) were less likely to experience suicidal ideation and behaviors than those transferred to regular care after 2 years of EI. Another objective was to examine the 5-year course of suicidality in FEP. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial where 220 patients were randomized after 2 years of EI to receive extended EI or regular care for the subsequent 3 years. Suicidality was rated using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Linear mixed model analysis was used to study time and group effects on suicidality. Results: Extended EI and regular care groups did not differ on suicidality. There was a small decrease in suicidality over time, F(7, 1038) = 1.84, P = 0.077, with an immediate sharp decline within a month of treatment, followed by stability over the remaining 5 years. Patients who endorsed suicidality at entry (46.6%) had higher baseline positive, negative, and depressive symptoms. The 5-year course fell in 3 groups: never endorsed suicidality (33.9%), endorsed suicidality at low-risk levels (43.1%), and endorsed high-risk levels (23.0%). The high-risk group had a higher proportion of affective versus nonaffective psychosis diagnosis; higher baseline positive and depressive symptoms; higher 5-year mean depression scores, and fewer weeks of positive symptom remission over the 5-year course. Conclusions: The first month of treatment is a critical period for suicide risk in FEP. Although early reductions in suicidality are often maintained, our findings make the case for sustained monitoring for suicide risk management.
Épidémiologie descriptive du risque suicidaire dans le système médical français de médecine générale
Authors: Ducher J.-L. , Llorca P.-M. , Callahan S. , de Chazeron I. 
Published: September 2020

Objective: Suicide prevention certainly includes a better knowledge of suicide risk in primary care. A number of international publications have shown interest in assessing this risk, but mostly through specific consultant populations: young patients, old patients, anhedonic, depressive, etc. Our study analyses suicide risk prevalence in patients consulting in general medicine for any somatic or psychiatric reason, their pathology or their age. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with adult patients (827 subjects included) who were consulting a French generalist doctor panel randomly selected. They filled a validated self-questionnaire (aRSD) assessing their suicide risk in the 15 preceding days and providing professional and personal data. Results: The totally operable 757 files (483 female; 274 male) show that close to a quarter of consultants (24.3%) presents with a positive suicide risk in the 15 days preceding their consultation and 6.3%, reveal a severe risk (aRSD ≥ 7) with ideas and impulses to commit the act. When the reason to consult is psychiatric, 64.6% of these consultants have aRSD positive. One time out of two, the risk is even severe. Conclusions: This data shows how important the suicide risk prevalence is in general medicine. It confirms the main role played by primary care patricians in acting to prevent suicide risk. This data also shows the contribution represented by a self-questionnaire that would rapidly assess the suicide intent while screening, it.
Early Identification of IgA Anti-SARSCoV-2 in Milk of Mother With COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Lebrão Cibele Wolf , Cruz Manuela Navarro , Silva Mariliza Henrique da , Dutra Letícia Veríssimo , Cristiani Camila , Affonso Fonseca Fernando Luiz , Suano-Souza Fabíola Isabel 
Published: September 2020

Introduction Human milk cannot currently be considered a major source of COVID-19 infection. On the other hand, it can contain specific antibodies that could modulate a possible newborn infection by SARS-CoV-2. Main issue A 32-year-old pregnant woman, gestational age 37 and 3/7 weeks, was admitted with a flu-like syndrome caused by COVID-19. The female newborn was appropriate for gestational age, with a birth weight of 2,890 g, length 48 cm, and head circumference 34 cm. Management The mother–infant dyad remained in the rooming-in unit during hospitalization, exclusively breastfeeding and following World Health Organization recommendations for contact and airway precautions. On the 3rd day after delivery, two mother’s milk samples (3 and 5 mL) were collected by hand expression. The samples were centrifuged for 10 min twice consecutively to separate fat, which was removed, and the remaining material was transferred to another tube to determine anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin A and Immunoglobulin G (ELISA, Kit EUROIMMUN AG, Luebeck, Germany). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin A was detected in the two samples evaluated, whose values were 2.5 and 1.9, respectively. No anti-SARSCoV-2 immunoglobulin G was detected. The exclusively-breastfed infant remained well through 45 days of age. Conclusion The presence of SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin A in the milk of mothers infected with COVID-19 may be related to protection against the transmission and severity of the disease in their infants.