bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of multiple doses of NEPA without dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting induced by multiple-day and high-dose chemotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a phase IIa, multicenter study
Authors: Di Renzo Nicola , Musso Maurizio , Scimè Rosanna , Cupri Alessandra , Perrone Tommasina , De Risi Clara , Pastore Domenico , Guarini Attilio , Mengarelli Andrea , Benedetti Fabio , Mazza Patrizio , Capria Vera , Chiusolo Patrizia , Cupelli Luca , Federico Vincenzo , Bozzoli Valentina , Messa Anna Rita , Codega Paolo , Bonizzoni Erminio , Specchia Giorgina 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite the availability of several antiemetics, clinical findings show that control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) continues to be a serious concern for hematological patients, mainly for those receiving multiple-day (MD) and high-dose (HD) chemotherapy (CT). For CINV prophylaxis, 5-hydroxytryptamine type-3 receptor antagonists (5HT3-RAs) and neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists (NK1-RAs) are usually administered together with dexamethasone, which may increase the risk of serious infections in patients undergoing myeloablative treatment. The rationale of this multicenter, open-label and phase IIa study was to explore the efficacy of multiple doses of NEPA (netupitant/palonosetron) given as an every-other-day regimen without dexamethasone in preventing CINV in patients with relapsed-refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (R/R-NHL), eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and treated with MD-HD-CT. Seventy patients participated to the study. According to the adopted Fleming one-stage design, the primary endpoint of this study was achieved. The CR values were 87.1% (primary endpoint, overall phase: days 1–8), 88.6% (acute phase: days 1–6), and 98.6% (delayed phase: days 7–8), while complete control (CR with no more than mild nausea) was 85.7% (overall phase), 88.6% (acute phase), and 95.7% (delayed phase). Moderate and severe episodes of nausea were reported by less than 10% of patients in the overall phase and less than 5% in both the acute and delayed phases. Regarding safety, NEPA was well tolerated with only one adverse event (constipation) evaluated as possibly related to NEPA administration. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that multiple alternate dosing of NEPA without the addition of dexamethasone is highly effective for preventing nausea and vomiting in this difficult setting, with a good tolerability profile.
A HaloTag-TEV genetic cassette for mechanical phenotyping of proteins from tissues
Authors: Rivas-Pardo Jaime Andrés , Li Yong , Mártonfalvi Zsolt , Tapia-Rojo Rafael , Unger Andreas , Fernández-Trasancos Ángel , Herrero-Galán Elías , Velázquez-Carreras Diana , Fernández Julio M. , Linke Wolfgang A. , Alegre-Cebollada Jorge 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSingle-molecule methods using recombinant proteins have generated transformative hypotheses on how mechanical forces are generated and sensed in biological tissues. However, testing these mechanical hypotheses on proteins in their natural environment remains inaccesible to conventional tools. To address this limitation, here we demonstrate a mouse model carrying a HaloTag-TEV insertion in the protein titin, the main determinant of myocyte stiffness. Using our system, we specifically sever titin by digestion with TEV protease, and find that the response of muscle fibers to length changes requires mechanical transduction through titin’s intact polypeptide chain. In addition, HaloTag-based covalent tethering enables examination of titin dynamics under force using magnetic tweezers. At pulling forces < 10 pN, titin domains are recruited to the unfolded state, and produce 41.5 zJ mechanical work during refolding. Insertion of the HaloTag-TEV cassette in mechanical proteins opens opportunities to explore the molecular basis of cellular force generation, mechanosensing and mechanotransduction.
Emergent tetratic order in crowded systems of rotationally asymmetric hard kite particles
Authors: Hou Zhanglin , Zong Yiwu , Sun Zhaoyan , Ye Fangfu , Mason Thomas G. , Zhao Kun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConsidering multi-body systems of monodisperse hard Brownian particles, it remains challenging to predict the forms of order that can emerge in their dense assembled structures. Surprisingly, here, using Monte Carlo simulations, we show that tetratic-ordered phases emerge in a dense two-dimensional system of hard kites that are rotationally asymmetric and have opposite 72° and α ≈ 90° internal angles. We observe a new tetragonal rectangular crystal (TRX) phase possessing (quasi-)long-range fourfold molecular-orientational order. We propose a method based on local polymorphic configurations of neighboring particle pairs (LPC-NPPs) to understand this emergent tetratic order and show that LPC-NPPs can be useful for predicting orientational order in such systems. To examine the dependence of the tetratic order on α, we apply LPC-NPP analysis to other hard kites for 54° ≤ α ≤ 144°. Our work provides insight into the creation of novel ordered materials by rationally designing particle shape based on anticipated LPC-NPPs.
Spatio-temporal-spectral imaging of non-repeatable dissipative soliton dynamics
Authors: Jing Joseph C. , Wei Xiaoming , Wang Lihong V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDissipative solitons (DSs) are multi-dimensionally localized waves that arise from complex dynamical balances in far-from-equilibrium nonlinear systems and widely exist in physics, chemistry and biology. Real-time observations of DS dynamics across many dimensions thus have a broad impact on unveiling various nonlinear complexities in different fields. However, these observations are challenging as DS transitions are stochastic, non-repeatable and often strongly coupled across spatio-temporal-spectral (STS) domains. Here we report multi-dimensional (space xy + discrete time t + wavelength λ) DS dynamics imaged by STS compressed ultrafast photography, enabling imaging at up to trillions of frames per second. Various transient and random phenomena of multimode DSs are revealed, highlighting the importance of real-time multi-dimensional observation without the need for event repetition in decomposing the complexities of DSs.
Comprehensive characterization of mainstream marijuana and tobacco smoke
Authors: Graves Brian M. , Johnson Tyler J. , Nishida Robert T. , Dias Ryan P. , Savareear Benjamin , Harynuk James J. , Kazemimanesh Mohsen , Olfert Jason S. , Boies Adam M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecent increases in marijuana use and legalization without adequate knowledge of the risks necessitate the characterization of the billions of nanoparticles contained in each puff of smoke. Tobacco smoke offers a benchmark given that it has been extensively studied. Tobacco and marijuana smoke particles are quantitatively similar in volatility, shape, density and number concentration, albeit with differences in size, total mass and chemical composition. Particles from marijuana smoke are on average 29% larger in mobility diameter than particles from tobacco smoke and contain 3.4× more total mass. New measurements of semi-volatile fractions determine over 97% of the mass and volume of the particles from either smoke source are comprised of semi-volatile compounds. For tobacco and marijuana smoke, respectively, 4350 and 2575 different compounds are detected, of which, 670 and 536 (231 in common) are tentatively identified, and of these, 173 and 110 different compounds (69 in common) are known to cause negative health effects through carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, or other toxic mechanisms. This study demonstrates striking similarities between marijuana and tobacco smoke in terms of their physical and chemical properties.
P-ODN: Prototype-based Open Deep Network for Open Set Recognition
Authors: Shu Yu , Shi Yemin , Wang Yaowei , Huang Tiejun , Tian Yonghong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMost of the existing recognition algorithms are proposed for closed set scenarios, where all categories are known beforehand. However, in practice, recognition is essentially an open set problem. There are categories we know called “knowns”, and there are more we do not know called “unknowns”. Enumerating all categories beforehand is never possible, consequently, it is infeasible to prepare sufficient training samples for those unknowns. Applying closed set recognition methods will naturally lead to unseen-category errors. To address this problem, we propose the prototype-based Open Deep Network (P-ODN) for open set recognition tasks. Specifically, we introduce prototype learning into open set recognition. Prototypes and prototype radiuses are trained jointly to guide a CNN network to derive more discriminative features. Then P-ODN detects the unknowns by applying a multi-class triplet thresholding method based on the distance metric between features and prototypes. Manual labeling the unknowns which are detected in the previous process as new categories. Predictors for new categories are added to the classification layer to “open” the deep neural networks to incorporate new categories dynamically. The weights of new predictors are initialized exquisitely by applying a distances based algorithm to transfer the learned knowledge. Consequently, this initialization method speeds up the fine-tuning process and reduce the samples needed to train new predictors. Extensive experiments show that P-ODN can effectively detect unknowns and needs only few samples with human intervention to recognize a new category. In the real world scenarios, our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on the UCF11, UCF50, UCF101 and HMDB51 datasets.
Performance of the nasal photoplethysmographic index as an analgesic index during surgery under general anaesthesia
Authors: Park Chanki , Yang Min-Ho , Choi Bohyun , Jeon Bokyung , Lee Yong-Hun , Shin Hangsik , Lee Boreom , Choi Byung-Moon , Noh Gyu-Jeong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn a previous study, we developed a new analgesic index using nasal photoplethysmography (nasal photoplethysmographic index, NPI) and showed that the NPI was superior to the surgical pleth index (SPI) in distinguishing pain above numerical rating scale 3. Because the NPI was developed using data obtained from conscious patients with pain, we evaluated the performance of NPI in comparison with the SPI and the analgesia nociception index (ANI) in patients under general anaesthesia with target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil. The time of nociception occurrence was defined as when the signs of inadequate anaesthesia occurred. The median values of NPI, SPI, and ANI for 1 minute from the time of the sign of inadequate anaesthesia were determined as the value of each analgesic index that represents inadequate anaesthesia. The time of no nociception was determined as 2 minutes before the onset of skin incision, and the median value for 1 minute from that time was defined as the baseline value. In total, 81 patients were included in the analysis. NPI showed good performance in distinguishing inadequate anaesthesia during propofol-remifentanil based general anaesthesia. NPI had the highest value in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, albeit without statistical significance (NPI: 0.733, SPI: 0.722, ANI: 0.668). The coefficient of variations of baseline values of NPI, SPI, and ANI were 27.5, 47.2, and 26.1, respectively. Thus, the NPI was effective for detecting inadequate anaesthesia, showing similar performance with both indices and less baseline inter-individual variability than the SPI.
The emergence of Miocene reefs in South China Sea and its resilient adaptability under varying eustatic, climatic and oceanographic conditions
Authors: Mathew Manoj , Makhankova Adelya , Menier David , Sautter Benjamin , Betzler Christian , Pierson Bernard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDuring the Miocene, extensive carbonate deposition thrived over wide latitudinal ranges in Southeast Asia despite perturbations of the global climate and thermohaline circulation that affected the Asian continent. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of its emergence, adaptability in siliciclastic-dominated margins and demise, especially in southern South China Sea (SCS), are largely speculative and remains enigmatic along with a scarcity of constraints on paleoclimatic and palaeoceanographic conditions. Here we show, through newly acquired high-resolution geophysical data and accurate stratigraphic records based on strontium isotopic dating, the evolution of these platforms from ~15.5–9.5 Ma is initially tied to tectonics and eustasy, and ultimately, after ~9.5 Ma, to changes in the global climate patterns and consequent palaeoceanographic conditions. Our results demonstrate at least two paleodeltas that provided favourable substratum of elevated sand bars, which conditioning the emergence of the buildups that inadvertently mirrored the underlying strata. We show unprecedented evidences for ocean current fluctuations linked to the intensification of the Asian summer monsoon winds resulting in the formation of drifts and moats, which extirpated the platforms through sediment removal and starvation. This work highlights the imperative role of palaeoceanography in creating favourable niches for reefal development that can be applicable to carbonate platforms elsewhere.
Cuticular pheromones stimulate hygienic behavior in the honey bee (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Wagoner Kaira M. , Millar Jocelyn G. , Schal Coby , Rueppell Olav 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe health of western honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies is challenged by the parasitic mite Varroa destructor and the numerous harmful pathogens it vectors. Selective breeding for the naturally occurring social immune trait “hygienic behavior” has emerged as one sustainable approach to reducing the mites’ impact on honey bees. To expand our understanding of hygienic triggers and improve hygienic selection tools, we tested the hypothesis that the cuticular compounds (Z)-10-tritriacontene and (Z)-6-pentadecene, previously associated with unhealthy honey bee brood and/or brood targeted for hygiene, are triggers of honey bee hygienic behavior independent of brood health. In support of our hypothesis, application of synthetic (Z)-10-tritriacontene and (Z)-6-pentadecene onto brood and brood cell caps significantly increased hygienic behavior compared to application of similarly structured hydrocarbon controls (Z)-16-dotriacontene and (Z)-7-pentadecene. Furthermore, we demonstrate a significant positive correlation between colony-level hygienic responses to (Z)-10-tritriacontene and the traditional freeze-killed brood assay for selection of hygienic honey bee stocks. These results confirm biological activity of (Z)-6-pentadecene and reveal (Z)-10-tritriacontene as a novel hygiene trigger. They also support development of improved tools for honey bee colony monitoring and hygienic selection, and thus may accelerate development of honey bee stocks with greater resistance to Varroa and associated pathogens.
Artificial Neural Networks Solve Musical Problems With Fourier Phase Spaces
Authors: Dawson Michael R. W. , Perez Arturo , Sylvestre Sara 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHow does the brain represent musical properties? Even with our growing understanding of the cognitive neuroscience of music, the answer to this question remains unclear. One method for conceiving possible representations is to use artificial neural networks, which can provide biologically plausible models of cognition. One could train networks to solve musical problems, and then study how these networks encode musical properties. However, researchers rarely examine network structure in detail because networks are difficult to interpret, and because many assume that networks capture informal or subsymbolic properties. Here we report very high correlations between network connection weights and discrete Fourier phase spaces used to represent musical sets. This is remarkable because there is no clear mathematical relationship between network learning rules and discrete Fourier analysis. That networks discover Fourier phase spaces indicates that these spaces have an important role to play outside of formal music theory. Finding phase spaces in networks raises the strong possibility that Fourier components are possible codes for musical cognition.
Electrostatic superlattices on scaled graphene lattices
Authors: Chen Szu-Chao , Kraft Rainer , Danneau Romain , Richter Klaus , Liu Ming-Hao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractElectrostatic superlattices have been known to significantly modify the electronic structure of low-dimensional materials. Studies of graphene superlattices were triggered by the discovery of moiré patterns in van der Waals stacks of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) layers a few years ago. Very recently, gate-controllable superlattices using spatially modulated gate oxides have been achieved, allowing for Dirac band structure engineering of graphene. Despite these rapid experimental progresses, technical advances in quantum transport simulations for large-scale graphene superlattices have been relatively limited. Here, we show that transport experiments for both graphene/hBN moiré superlattices and gate-controllable superlattices can be well reproduced by transport simulations based on a scalable tight-binding model. Our finding paves the way to tuning-parameter-free quantum transport simulations for graphene superlattices, providing reliable guides for understanding and predicting novel electric properties of complex graphene superlattice devices.
ADSC-Exos containing MALAT1 promotes wound healing by targeting miR-124 through activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: He Lin , Zhu Chan , Jia Jing , Hao Xiao-Yan , Yu Xue-Yuan , Liu Xiang-Yu , Shu Mao-Guo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cutaneous wound is a soft tissue injury that is difficult to heal during aging. It has been demonstrated that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and its secreted exosomes exert crucial functions in cutaneous wound healing. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-Exos) containing MALAT1 in wound healing. ADSCs were isolated from human normal subcutaneous adipose tissues and identified by flow cytometry analysis. Exosomes were extracted from ADSC supernatants and MALAT1 expression was determined using qRT-PCR analysis. HaCaT and HDF cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for simulating the skin lesion model. Subsequently, CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing and transwell assays were employed to validate the role of ADSC-Exos containing MALAT1 in the skin lesion model. Besides, cells were transfected with sh-MALAT1 to verify the protective role of MALAT1 in wound healing. The binding relationship between MALAT1 and miR-124 were measured by dual-luciferase reporter assay. ADSC-Exos promoted cell proliferation, migration, and inhibited cell apoptosis of HaCaT and HDF cells impaired by H2O2. However, the depletion of MALAT1 in ADSC-Exos lose these protective effects on HaCaT and HDF cells. Moreover, miR-124 was identified to be a target of MALAT1. Furthermore, ADSC-Exos containing MALAT1 could mediate H2O2-induced wound healing by targeting miR-124 and activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ADSC-Exos containing MALAT1 play a positive role in cutaneous wound healing possibly via targeting miR-124 through activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which may provide novel insights into the therapeutic target for cutaneous wound healing.
Dexmedetomidine with sufentanil in intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for relief from postoperative pain, inflammation and delirium after esophageal cancer surgery
Authors: Tang Chaoliang , Hu Yida , Zhang Zhetao , Wei Zeyuan , Wang Hongtao , Geng Qingtian , Shi Si , Wang Song , Wang Jiawu , Chai Xiaoqing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Postoperative pain can cause serious adverse reactions that severely affect postoperative outcome. The present study evaluated the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) added to sufentanil in intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) on the relief of pain and inflammatory responses during postoperative recovery of patients undergoing a combined thoracoscopic-laparoscopic esophagectomy (TLE). Methods: Sixty patients undergoing TLE were randomly allocated to receive 1 μg/ml of sufentanil alone (Group S) or 1 μg/ml of sufentanil plus 2.5 μg/ml of DEX (Group D) for postoperative intravenous (IV) PCA. Postoperative pain relief, cumulative PCA requirements, inflammatory marker levels, delirium and recovery were assessed. Results: A joint DEX and sufentanil regimen significantly reduced the area under the curve of numerical rating scores for pain at rest (NRSR) and coughing (NRSC) at 1–48 h postoperatively (P = 0.000) that were associated with lower PCA-delivered cumulative sufentanil consumption and less PCA frequency until 48 h postoperatively (P &lt; 0.05 and P &lt; 0.0001, respectively). The simultaneous administration of DEX and sufentanil significantly reduced plasma IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations and increased IL-10 level (P &lt; 0.0001, P = 0.0003 and P = 0.0345, respectively), accompanied by better postoperative delirium categories and health statuses of patients (P = 0.024 and P &lt; 0.05, respectively). There was no hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression or oversedation in Group D. Conclusion: Patients receiving DEX in addition to IV PCA sufentanil for TLE exhibited better postoperative analgesia, fewer inflammatory responses and lower postoperative delirium categories and better health statuses.
An Examination of Effect Sizes and Statistical Power in Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Authors: Gaeta Laura , Brydges Christopher R. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose was to examine and determine effect size distributions reported in published audiology and speech-language pathology research in order to provide researchers and clinicians with more relevant guidelines for the interpretation of potentially clinically meaningful findings.

Method

Cohen's
d,
Hedges'
g,
Pearson
r,
and sample sizes (
n
= 1,387) were extracted from 32 meta-analyses in journals in speech-language pathology and audiology. Percentile ranks (25th, 50th, 75th) were calculated to determine estimates for small, medium, and large effect sizes, respectively. The median sample size was also used to explore statistical power for small, medium, and large effect sizes.

Results

For individual differences research, effect sizes of Pearson
r
= .24, .41, and .64 were found. For group differences, Cohen's
d
/Hedges'
g
= 0.25, 0.55, and 0.93. These values can be interpreted as small, medium, and large effect sizes in speech-language pathology and audiology. The majority of published research was inadequately powered to detect a medium effect size.

Conclusions

Effect size interpretations from published research in audiology and speech-language pathology were found to be underestimated based on Cohen's (1988, 1992) guidelines. Researchers in the field should consider using Pearson
r
= .25, .40, and .65 and Cohen's
d
/Hedges'
g
= 0.25, 0.55, and 0.95 as small, medium, and large effect sizes, respectively, and collect larger sample sizes to ensure that both significant and nonsignificant findings are robust and replicable.