bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in gynecological outpatients, Taizhou, China
Authors: Cai Shasha , Pan Jie , Duan Darong , Yu Changfa , Yang Zaixing , Zou Jinyan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesUreaplasma urealyticum (UU), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are highly prevalent worldwide and may lead to some genital diseases. The objective of this large‐scale study was to estimate the prevalence characteristics of UU, CT, and NG among women in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.MethodsA total of 13 303 women who visited the gynecologic outpatient service of Taizhou First People's Hospital in Taizhou from 2013 to 2018 were analyzed. The testing of UU, CT, and NG was performed on the collected vaginal swabs using real‐time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method.ResultsThe overall infection rates of UU, CT, and NG were 62.04%, 10.20%, and 4.09% in the Taizhou‐based population, respectively. The age‐specific prevalence showed that younger women (age <25 years) were the preferred period for the positive detection of UU or CT, while elder women (age ≥40 years) had the highest prevalence of NG. In addition, the UU‐CT co‐infection pattern (7.32%) predominated in the study population, and CT was significantly associated with UU and NG.ConclusionsOur novel data demonstrated that UU, CT, and NG infection are prevalent among women in Taizhou, and comprehensive UU, CT, and NG screening guidelines and treatment policies for this population are warranted.
PEG‐PLA nanoparticles decorated with small‐molecule PSMA ligand for targeted delivery of galbanic acid and docetaxel to prostate cancer cells
Authors: Afsharzadeh Maryam , Hashemi Maryam , Babaei Maryam , Abnous Khalil , Ramezani Mohammad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent non‐drug delivery system cutaneous malignancies. Undoubtedly, introducing novel treatment options to achieve higher therapeutic index will be worthwhile. In this study, we report for the first time, a novel targeted self‐assembled based on PEG‐PLA nanoparticles (PEG‐PLA NPs) containing galbanic acid (GBA) and docetaxel, which was targeted using ((S)‐2‐(3‐((S)‐5‐amino‐1‐carboxypentyl) ureido) pentanedioic acid (ACUPA), a small molecule inhibitor targeting prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA), in prostate cancer cell line. The prepared NPs were characterized by different analytical methods. The MTT assay was used to compare the anti‐proliferation of drugs‐loaded PEG‐PLA NPs and ACUPA‐PEG‐PLA against LNCaP (PSMA+) and PC3 (PSMA−) cells. PEG‐PLA NPs with an average size of 130–140 nm had an enhanced release of GBA and docetaxel at pH 5.5 compared with pH 7.5. Spectrofluorometric analysis suggested that ACUPA‐modified PEG‐PLA could effectively enhance the drug uptake in PSMA+ prostate cancer cells. Cytotoxicity studies showed that the targeted NPs loaded with different concentrations of GBA and fixed concentration of docetaxel (4 nM) have shown higher toxicity (IC50 30 ± 3 µM) than both free GBA (80 ± 4.5 µM) and nontargeted NPs (IC50 40 ± 4.6 µM) in LNCaP cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that ACUPA‐conjugated PEG‐PLA nanosystem containing GBA and docetaxel is a viable delivery carrier for various cancer‐targeting PSMA that suffer from short circulation half‐life and limited therapeutic efficacy.
Diagnostic Value of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐Enhanced MRI for the Expression of Ki67 and Microvascular Density in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Yidi , Qin Xiali , Long Liling , Zhang Ling , Huang Zhongkui , Jiang Zijian , Li Chenhui 
Published: November 2019

Contract grant sponsorNational Natural Science Foundation of China; Contract grant number: 81260214.BackgroundRecent studies have highlighted the diagnostic value of Gadolinium‐ethoxybenzyl‐diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA)‐enhanced MRI in small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ki67 and CD34 are histologic markers that reflect the proliferation of tumor cells and the microvascular density (MVD).PurposeTo explore the diagnostic value of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI for Ki67 expression and MVD in HCC.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsIn all, 180 patients with HCC.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T, Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced T1WI volumetric interpolated breath‐hold examination (VIBE) axial fat suppression plain, and enhanced scanning.AssessmentThe T1 relaxation time (T1rt) and signal intensity (SI) of the lesion were measured. The Ki67 expressions and MVD were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Statistical TestReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of T1rt for high Ki67 expression (≥50%) and high MVD (≥100).ResultsThe T1rt‐20min, rrT1rt‐20min, and SI‐hepatobiliary phase (SI‐HBP) were strongly correlated with Ki67, the r values were 0.846, –0.765, and –0.760 (P < 0.05), respectively. There were moderate correlations with CD34, with r values –0.444, 0.336, and –0.463 (P < 0.05), respectively. The T1rt‐Pre, T1rt‐20min, SI‐Pre, and SI‐HBP were significantly different both between the high and low ki67 expression groups (P < 0.05) and between the high MVD and low MVD groups (P < 0.05). In the two groups the T1rt‐20min and SI‐HBP was 800.06 ± 128.91 vs. 530.06 ± 139.29 (P < 0.05) and 122.29 ± 39.39 vs. 173.49 ± 46.15 (P < 0.05); T1rt‐20min was found to have high diagnostic efficiency for high ki67 expression (area under the curve [AUC], 0.937; P < 0.05) T1rt‐20min had moderate diagnostic value for high MVD (AUC, 0.716; P < 0.05).Data ConclusionThe T1rt and SI of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA‐enhanced MRI were correlated with Ki67 expression and MVD. T1rt‐20min has a high diagnostic value for high ki67 expression and high MVD in HCC tissues.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1755–1763.
MRI‐Based Radiomics: Associations With the Recurrence‐Free Survival of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated With Conventional Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization
Authors: Song Wenlong , Yu Xiangling , Guo Dajing , Liu Huan , Tang Zhuoyue , Liu Xinjie , Zhou Jun , Zhang Haiping , Liu Yangyang , Liu Xi 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundPreoperative estimation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (c‐TACE) is crucial for subsequent follow‐up and therapy decisions.PurposeTo evaluate the associations of radiomics models based on pretreatment contrast‐enhanced MRI, a clinical‐radiological model and a combined model with the recurrence‐free survival (RFS) of patients with HCC after c‐TACE, and to develop a radiomics nomogram for individual RFS estimations and risk stratification.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 184 consecutive HCC patients.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T or 3.0T, including T2WI, T1WI, and contrast‐enhanced T1WI.AssessmentAll HCC patients were randomly divided into the training (n = 110) and validation datasets (n = 74). Radiomics signatures capturing intratumoral and peritumoral expansion (1, 3, and 5 mm) were constructed, and the radiomics models were set up using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. Clinical‐radiological features were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. The clinical‐radiological model and the combined model fusing the radiomics signature with the clinical‐radiological risk factors were developed by a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. A radiomics nomogram derived from the combined model was established.Statistical TestsLASSO Cox regression, univariate and multivariate Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier analysis were performed. The discrimination performance of each model was quantified by the C‐index.ResultsAmong the different peritumoral expansion models, only the 3‐mm peritumoral expansion model (C‐index, 0.714) showed a comparable performance (P = 0.4087) to that of the portal venous phase intratumoral model (C‐index, 0.727). The combined model showed the best performance and the C‐index was 0.802. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the cutoff values of the combined model relative to a median value (1.7426) perfectly stratified these patients into high‐risk and low‐risk subgroups.Data ConclusionThe combined model is more valuable than the clinical‐radiological model or radiomics model alone for evaluating the RFS of HCC patients after c‐TACE, and the radiomics nomogram can be used to preoperatively and individually estimate RFS.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 4J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:461–473.
Poliovirus serotype 2 and coxsackievirus A promote the natural recombination of poliovirus
Authors: Qian Yongjiang , Pu Xufeng , Yu Yu , Yu Xintian , Kong Liang , Liu Lu , Wang Hua , Shen Hongxing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPoliovirus (PV) is a member of the species Enterovirus C (EV‐C), which may cause irreversible paralysis and death. So, for the purpose of analyzing the evolution of PV2 to help in eradicating PVs globally, a recombination analysis was performed to verify all viral genomes of EV‐C, and we found 13 putative recombination events that produced PV1, 14 recombination events that can give rise to PV2, and 9 events that can lead to PV3. By analyzing our findings, we found that PV2 was involved in 25 of 36 PV recombination events, whereas coxsackievirus A (CVA) strains were involved in 12 of 36 PV recombination events, indicating that PV2 and CVAs play major roles in the natural recombination of PV. In addition, we found 11 of 36 breakpoint positions located in 2A region, which is the most active region of the recombination events.
Evaluation of cloud base height in the North American Regional Reanalysis using ceilometer observations
Authors: An Ning , Pinker Rachel T. , Wang Kaicun , Rogers Eric , Zuo Zhiyan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFuture climate change predictions by global climate models or earth system models diverge significantly, most likely due to their different cloud responses to global warming. There is an uncertainty as to how the cloud frequency (or cloud fraction) and height will change, in turn, affecting the sign, and amount of cloud feedbacks. While satellite observations have been very useful in augmenting information on clouds, it is mostly related to cloud tops, and there is a lack of information on cloud base height (CBH). In this study, a unique record of CBH information was collected at 706 Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) ceilometer stations to evaluate the ability of the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) model to correctly simulate similar information. It was found that NARR can capture the geographical distribution and the seasonal variation of CBH and cloud base frequency (CBF). On average, the CBF values of NARR were 7% fewer and the CBH values of NARR were 631 m lower than those from observations that span the distance from the surface to 7,600 m. NARR simulates CBH better in arid area in the west of the contiguous United States (CONUS) than in humid areas, where NARR frequently predicted cloud bases too low compared with observations. In the west coast area of the CONUS, the discontinuity between high cloud bases over arid inland areas and low marine cloud layers from the Pacific Ocean over coastal areas produced especially large deviations between the NARR‐simulated and ASOS‐observed CBHs.
Qualitative study of pharmacists’ perceptions of motivators, institutional supports and challenges towards career planning and advancement in a public tertiary hospital in Malaysia
Authors: Chang Chee‐Tao , HSS Amar-Singh , Hassali Mohamed Azmi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCareer planning and career advancement is related to more successful careers. Previous studies among pharmacists focused on overall job satisfaction but did not specifically explore their views regarding career planning and career advancement.AimThis study explored hospital pharmacists’ views on career planning and advancement.MethodsThis was a qualitative study conducted using a descriptive phenomenology approach. A semistructured interview guide was used to conduct face‐to‐face interviews with 11 hospital‐based pharmacists. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The interviews took, on average, 20–30 min. A constant comparison method was used during data analysis to identify the saturation point, after which data collection was considered complete.ResultsFive themes were identified after the interviews: career planning, opinions regarding the subject matter expert advancement pathway, motivators for better career performance, barriers to career advancement and suggestions to overcome barriers. The findings revealed a lack of career planning among public pharmacists. Generally, the lack of a well‐established specialisation pathway for pharmacists in the public service was perceived as a major barrier to career advancement. A revamp of human resource management and the pharmacist advancement scheme in the public service was felt to be necessary.ConclusionThe study findings highlight the current scenario of a lack of career planning among hospital pharmacists. Most pharmacists were motivated by a positive working environment and the nature of their job. Most felt that the current pharmacist employment scheme and lack of management support were major barriers to career advancement. Several recommendations and suggestions were provided to improve pharmacist career advancement in Malaysia.
Determination of lipid mediators in breast cancer cells using lyophilization‒supercritical fluid extraction online coupled with supercritical fluid chromatography‒quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Ye Fengying , Zhong Qisheng , Liang Yanshan , Zhou Ting 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA lyophilization‒supercritical fluid extraction coupled with supercritical fluid chromatography‒quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry online method was developed for the determination of lipid mediators in breast cancer cells. Supercritical fluid extraction was applied to the cell samples for the first time due to the use of lyophilization. The conditions of supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical fluid chromatography‒quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry were investigated systematically. Under the optimized conditions, all the calibration curves for the lipid mediators showed good linearity (correlation coefficient > 0.99). The limits of detection and the limits of quantification were in the range of 0.190‒5.36 pg and 0.560‒16.2 pg, respectively. The recoveries were in the range of 70.3‒125%. The relative standard deviations of the precision ranged from 1.49‒18.7% and the accuracies were higher than 84%. Compared with liquid‒liquid extraction coupled with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry method, the present approach reduced the manual labor and obtained higher sensitivity as well as higher extraction recoveries for all 15 lipid mediators. Finally, the online method was applied to the quantification of lipid mediators in breast cancer cells and normal mammary epithelial cells. On the basis of the results, this lyophilization‒supercritical fluid extraction online coupled with supercritical fluid chromatography‒quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method showed great promise in the analysis of lipid mediators in complex biological samples.
Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Neuroinflammation: Health Promoting Effects of Dietary Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders
Authors: Hung Wei‐Lun , Ho Chi‐Tang , Pan Min‐Hsiung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNeurological disorders occur in the central and peripheral nervous system and include Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Activation of the innate immune system inevitably occurs in all forms of neurological disorders. The NOD‐, LRR‐ and pyrin domain‐containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multimolecular complex that can sense danger signals associated with neurological disorders. Assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome promotes caspase‐1‐mediated interleukin‐1β and interleukin‐18 maturation in microglia, where neuroinflammation contributes to neurological disease development and progression. Thus, this review attempts to elucidate the current knowledge regarding NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Recent scientific findings with respect to neuroprotective effects of dietary phytochemicals against NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated neurological disorders summarized in this review suggest that modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome assembly by plant‐derived phytochemicals could be a potential strategy for prevention or treatment of neurological disorders.
Interaction of Gut Microbiota and High‐Sodium, Low‐Potassium Diet in Altering Plasma Triglyceride Profiles Revealed by Lipidomics Analysis
Authors: Folz Jacob , Oh Young Taek , Blaženović Ivana , Richey Joyce , Fiehn Oliver , Youn Jang H. 
Published: November 2019

ScopeHigh sodium and low potassium (HNaLK) intake increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic syndrome. The authors investigate if the dietary minerals interact with the gut microbiota to alter circulating lipid profiles, implicated in CVD and metabolic syndrome.Methods and resultsPlasma samples from Wistar rats fed a control or HNaLK diet with or without antibiotic treatment (n = 7 each, a total of 28) are subjected to lipidomics analysis. Lipidomic data are then analyzed using statistical and bioinformatics tools, which detect numerous lipid species altered by the treatments, and consistently demonstrated interactions between the gut microbiota and the HNaLK diet in altering circulating lipids, mainly triglycerides (TGs). Two distinct TG groups differentially regulated by antibiotic treatment are identified. One group (cluster 1), representing the majority of TG species detected, is downregulated, whereas the other group (cluster 2) is upregulated by antibiotic treatment. Interestingly, cluster 2 TGs are also regulated by the diet. Cluster 2 TGs exhibit greater carbon‐chain length and double‐bond content and include TGs composed of very‐long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, associated with reduced diabetes risk.ConclusionThe HNaLK diet interacts with gut bacteria to alter plasma lipid profiles, which may be related to its health effects.
Simple ultra‐wider‐bandwidth MIMO antenna integrated by double decoupling branches and square‐ring ground structure
Authors: Tang Zhijun , Zhan Jie , Wu Xiaofeng , Xi Zaifang , Wu Shigang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA small and simple four‐port ultra‐wideband multiple input multiple output (UWB‐MIMO) antenna is designed in this letter. Each element of the designed antenna is composed of a circular patch, two smaller parasitic U‐shaped patches, a microstrip feed line, and a common square‐ring ground plane. To increase impedance bandwidth and reduce the size, this letter introduces the circular patch, two smaller parasitic U‐shaped patches, and the common square‐ring ground structure with multislits and the truncated corners. On the other hand, all the elements are identical and symmetrical, and neighboring elements are orthogonal to each other for improving the isolation. Furthermore, the double decoupling branches are added on diagonal position of the common square‐ring ground to further enhance the isolation and broaden the bandwidth. Therefore, the proposed UWB‐MIMO antenna is designed by using a novel and effective method of integrating the symmetric layout, orthogonal structure, four‐directional double branches decoupling, parasitic structure, truncated corners, and multislit techniques. Thus, the designed UWB‐MIMO antenna has the small physical size of 40 mm × 40 mm and obtains the ultra‐wider bandwidth of 3.0 to 18.0 GHz, higher isolation (>20 dB), smaller envelope correlation coefficient (
ρe < 0.03), and higher multiplex efficiency (
ηmux > −3.0 dB). Besides, the UWB‐MIMO antenna also achieves the acceptable peak realized gain, and stable radiating characteristics. Consequently, the designed antenna can be used for most UWB‐MIMO applications.
Knowledge‐based automated planning with three‐dimensional generative adversarial networks
Authors: Babier Aaron , Mahmood Rafid , McNiven Andrea L. , Diamant Adam , Chan Timothy C.Y. 
Published: November 2019

PurposeTo develop a knowledge‐based automated planning pipeline that generates treatment plans without feature engineering, using deep neural network architectures for predicting three‐dimensional (3D) dose.MethodsOur knowledge‐based automated planning (KBAP) pipeline consisted of a knowledge‐based planning (KBP) method that predicts dose for a contoured computed tomography (CT) image followed by two optimization models that learn objective function weights and generate fluence‐based plans, respectively. We developed a novel generative adversarial network (GAN)‐based KBP approach, a 3D GAN model, which predicts dose for the full 3D CT image at once and accounts for correlations between adjacent CT slices. Baseline comparisons were made against two state‐of‐the‐art deep learning–based KBP methods from the literature. We also developed an additional benchmark, a two‐dimensional (2D) GAN model which predicts dose to each axial slice independently. For all models, we investigated the impact of multiplicatively scaling the predictions before optimization, such that the predicted dose distributions achieved all target clinical criteria. Each KBP model was trained on 130 previously delivered oropharyngeal treatment plans. Performance was tested on 87 out‐of‐sample previously delivered treatment plans. All KBAP plans were evaluated using clinical planning criteria and compared to their corresponding clinical plans. KBP prediction quality was assessed using dose‐volume histogram (DVH) differences from the corresponding clinical plans.ResultsThe best performing KBAP plans were generated using predictions from the 3D GAN model that were multiplicatively scaled. These plans satisfied 77% of all clinical criteria, compared to the clinical plans, which satisfied 67% of all criteria. In general, multiplicatively scaling predictions prior to optimization increased the fraction of clinical criteria satisfaction by 11% relative to the plans generated with nonscaled predictions. Additionally, these KBAP plans satisfied the same criteria as the clinical plans 84% and 8% more frequently as compared to the two benchmark methods, respectively.ConclusionsWe developed the first knowledge‐based automated planning framework using a 3D generative adversarial network for prediction. Our results, based on 217 oropharyngeal cancer treatment plans, demonstrated superior performance in satisfying clinical criteria and generated more realistic plans as compared to the previous state‐of‐the‐art approaches.
Consensus Recommendations for Optimizing Electronic Health Records for Nutrition Care
Authors: Kight Cassandra E. , Bouche Jean M. , Curry Angie , Frankenfield David , Good Katy , Guenter Peggi , Murphy Brian , Papoutsakis Constantina , Brown Richards Emily , Vanek Vincent W. , Wilk Deanne , Wootton Amy ,   Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,   American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition,   the Association of Clinical Documentation Improvement Specialists
Published: November 2019

AbstractProvision of nutrition care is vital to the health and well‐being of any patient who enters the health care system, whether in the ambulatory, inpatient, or long‐term care setting. Interdisciplinary professionals—nurses, physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, and dietitians—identify and treat nutrition problems or clinical conditions in each of these health care settings. The documentation of nutrition care in a structured format from screening and assessment to discharge allows communication of the nutrition treatment plans. The goal of this document is to provide recommendations to clinicians for working with an organization's Information Systems department to create tools for documentation of nutrition care in the electronic health record. These recommendations can also serve as guidance for health care organizations choosing and implementing health care software.