bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prompt gamma imaging in proton therapy - status, challenges and developments
Authors: Wrońska Aleksandra 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper is an overview of the field of proton therapy monitoring in real time using prompt gamma radiation. Different approaches providing either integrated or differential information are described, and their maturity, limitations and clinical usefulness are discussed. In the second part, the SiFi-CC project is briefly introduced, which aims at the development of a Compton camera for prompt gamma imaging, entirely based on fibres made of a heavy, inorganic scintillator read out by silicon photomultipliers. This compact solution offers very good timing properties, high granularity and a modern data acquisition system, addressing previously identified issues.
Autonomous, connected ultrasonic microsystem dedicated to monitoring the pathophysiology of the phonic and respiratory apparatus
Authors: Sawan M , Reda H , Saad N , Bin S , Nassar G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This work tackles a combination of two technological fields: “integrated ultrasonic biosensors” and “connected modules” coupled with “Artificial Intelligence” algorithms to provide healthcare professionals with additional indices offering multidimensional information and a “Decision Support” tool. This device comprises a connected telemedical platform (PC or Smartphone) dedicated to the objective and remote assessment of pathophysiological states resulting from dysphonia of laryngeal origin or respiratory failure of inflammatory origin..
Alternative heavy tailed models in seismology
Authors: Felgueiras Miguel , Martins João , Santos Rui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Great earthquakes are commonly considered as the ones with moment magnitude (Mw
) above or equal to 8.0. Since these earthquakes can destroy entire communities located near the epicentre, the search of physical laws that explain the energy released by them is an important issue. There is a connection between the radiated energy of an earthquake, its magnitude and its seismic moment (M
0). Thence, when fitting a heavy or an extremely heavy tailed distribution to a seismic moment dataset, we are in fact adjusting a mathematical model which explains the amount of energy released by these great seisms. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to study the more appropriated Pareto based models (the most used family in this field) when explaining the seismic moment of the great earthquakes. With this purpose in mind, we selected two different catalogs that accommodate recent events and are considered more accurate than other catalogs used in previous works. We conclude that the traditional Pareto distribution remains a good choice to deal with this kind of data, but Log-Pareto lead to higher p-values and Location-scale Pareto is better fitted to the biggest events.
Wavelet Transform and Deep Learning approach to predict physico chemical parameters of water
Authors: Silva Hieda Adriana Nascimento , Vinueza Naranjo Paola G. , Lena Patricia Souza Rodrigues , de Araujo Diovanni Moraes , Yomara Pinheiro Pires 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Alton water reservoir located within the stunning countryside of Suffolk in UK has a history of cyanobacterial bloom, that are single-celled organisms that live in fresh, brackish, and marine water. The traditional approaches to monitoring water reservoirs are often limited by the need for data collection which often is time-consuming and expensive. In addition, Chlorophyll-a, algae and turbidity are important variable for the analysis of water quality, that are significant not only for human populations but also essential for plant and animal diversity. The main objective of this study is to predict these chemico physical parameters from 2014 to 2019 using time series analysis, satellite imagery, wavelet transform and deep learning. The satellites images were used to predict these parameters in Alton reservoir, manually selected samples were employed to validate estimated parameters using Wavelet Neural Networks. The results predicted by the neural network show good results, and good approximation to laboratory results, suggesting that the proposed model is suitable for environmental monitoring, contributing to monitor water quality parameters.
Feedforward and repetitive control of a servo piezo-mechanical hydraulic actuator
Authors: Mercorelli Paolo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper a hybrid actuator is proposed. The hybrid actuator consists of a piezo-mechanical structure and a hydraulic ratio displacement. Particular attention is paid to a liquid spring model of the displacement ratio which represents the hydraulic part of the mechanism to control an intake and exhaust valve of a combustion engine. The whole mechanism is controlled using a cascade repetitive control to track a periodic signal combined with a proportional derivative (PD) regulator and a feedforward action. Measured results are shown.
A rigorous derivation of the extended KdV equation
Authors: Berjawi M , ElArwadi T , Israwi S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The interesting background and historical development of KdV equations were discussed widely. These equations describe the propagation of water waves in weakly non linear and weakly dispersive medium. Referring to physical derivation of KdV equations, scientists used to impose shallow water equations, thus the formal or physical derivation of KdV equations. However, these equations have rarely been derived rigorously. The aim of this paper is to giving insight into their rigorous mathematical derivation, instead of only referring to. Thereby, a rigorous derivation of two extended KdV equations: one on the velocity, other on the surface elevation. With this aim in mind, the primary research method for this paper will depend on the definition of consistency. Hence, a rigorous justification of new extended KdV equations will be provided thanks to this definition. This result provides a precise mathematical answer to a question raised by several authors in the last years, that is the verification of the extended KdV equations, derived previously, using formal methods.
Computational study of SERS effects in some aliphatic and cyclic carboxylic acids with silver nanomaterials
Authors: Al-Saadi Abdulaziz A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations have been shown to provide convenient means in estimating surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectral shifts and the adsorption possibilities associated with such shifts. In a recent work, the computed Raman spectra provided very good agreement with the experimental results for valeric acid. To attain a conclusive picture of the Raman shifts in related molecules, namely, butyric acid, caproic acid, γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone and γ-caprolactone, full optimizations and frequency calculations have been carried out. The vibrational frequency shifts caused by the interaction of these molecules with the Ag4 cluster simulate the experimental shifts with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The most prominent shift noticed is in the case of γ-caprolactone through its ether C-O-C group interacting with the silver cluster. Such a shift may be due to the +I effect of the alkyl side chains and corresponds to a theoretical interaction energy and distance of -12.92 kcal/mol and 2.45Å, respectively.
Mathematical modelling of the influence of yield shear stress on blood friction in a turbulent flow
Authors: Bartosik A , Mitura S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Measurements of blood rheology indicate that human blood has a yield shear stress. Transport of oxygen in the aorta or a vein depends on blood flow rate. Therefore, it is interesting to find out how blood yield shear stress affects blood transportation if flow is turbulent. The majority of mathematical approaches deal with laminar flow of human blood, which is rather simple compared to turbulent flow modelling. This paper presents a mathematical model of fully developed turbulent flow of human blood in the aorta. The physical model assumes that blood is a non-Newtonian liquid that demonstrates yield shear tress. The main objective of the research is to examine the influence of human blood yield shear stress on turbulent properties, like friction factor, in the aorta. Available blood rheology experimental data for various concentrations of haematocrit were used in order to fit the rheological model. The rheological model together with the momentum equation and the two-equation turbulence model constitute a mathematical model of turbulent flow of human blood. Results of simulations are discussed and presented as figures and conclusions.
Highly stable multivalue collocation methods
Authors: Conte Dajana , D’Ambrosio Raffaele , D’Arienzo Maria Pia , Paternoster Beatrice 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The paper is focused on the development of A-stable collocation based multivalue methods for stiff problems. This methods are dense output extensions of discrete multivalue methods, since the solution is approximated by a piecewise collocation polynomial with high global regularity. The underlying multivalue method is assumed to be diagonally implicit and with uniform order of convergence, thus it does not suffer from order reduction, as it happens for classical one-step collocation methods. The effectiveness of the approach is also confirmed by the numerical evidence.
On the remainder in the weighted length spectrum for strictly hyperbolic Fuchsian groups
Authors: Gušić Dž 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the remainder in a weighted form of the length spectrum for compact Riemann surfaces of genus greater than or equal to two. Earlier, we conducted a similar research where we applied the Cauchy residue theorem over two different square boundaries, one of which intersected the corresponding critical line, and some, quite complex estimates for the logarithmic derivative of the associated zeta functions of Selberg and Ruelle. The main goal of this paper is to achieve the same length spectrum with the same remainder as in our previous study, but in a much simpler way.
On some comparison of multistep second derivative methods with the multistep hybrid methods and their application to solve integro-differiential equations
Authors: Mehdiyeva G Yu , Ibrahimov V R , Imanova M N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
As is known the necessity to solve the initial-value problem for the Volterra integro-differential equations arises in investigation of the residual knowledge of some objects. Volterra by using the integro-differential equations has studied the memory of land and many other important problems which have been arisen in the study of some phenomena from the different industries of natural sciences. By using a similar form of the initial-value problem for both Volterra integro-differential equation and ODEs have established some relation. Here, by continuing this investigation receives the direct relation between ODE and Volterra integro-differential equation. By using this relation to solve Volterra integro-differential equation have applied the methods which are used in solving of the initial-value problem for ODEs. For this aim have proposed to use the general form of the multistep second derivative hybrid methods. Demonstrated the advantages of this method and constructed one-step methods with order of exactness p ≤ 10. The constructed here methods have compared with the known methods. And also by using the model problem have been illustrated the advantages of the received here results.
Analytical and FE calculations for determining the nominal tooth root stress for external, cylindrical gears with symmetric and asymmetric profile
Authors: Debreczeni D , Bognár G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present work deals with the geometry dependence of the nominal tooth root stress of external toothed, cylindrical gears. The profile geometries required to perform the calculations are derived by our own program in MATLAB. Finite element simulations are executed in Abaqus. When designing the models, the geometric constraints of each tooth crown were optimized, keeping in mind the accuracy of the simulation. In addition to the analysis of the significant tooth stress value of symmetrical element pairs, special emphasis is placed on the development of the position of the critical cross-section. The numerical results obtained are also compared with the most significant standardized methods used in practice. The effect of the asymmetric design of the tooth profile on the nominal tooth root stress is reviewed in our investigations. The purpose of the numerical simulations carried out here is to determine the effect of the coast side angle on the dominant tooth root stress. In the evaluation of the results, the location of the critical cross-section, in addition to the magnitude of the stress, is also considered.
On generalized length spectrum in quotients of SL4
Authors: Gušić Dž 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper we consider a generalized length spectrum in the case of compact symmetric spaces generated as quotients of the special linear group of order four over real numbers. While the classical length spectrum is given as an estimate for a yes function counting prime geodesics of appropriate length, its generalized form is usually represented by a higher order counting function of Chebyshev type. Our goal is to prove that the error term that appears in the classical case in this setting can be significantly improved when derived via analogous, generalized apparatus.
Mathematical model of high tech enterprise manufacturing subdivisions production plan optimization
Authors: Batova Marina , Baranova Irina , Baranov Vyacheslav 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
For high tech enterprise manufacturing subdivisions challenge has been defined. Mathematical models have been developed. Implementation model algorithms have been researched. A step-by-step mechanism for algorithm implementation based on Johnson method is proposed. Developed models have been tested at the enterprises of the innovation-oriented cluster.
Comparative Analysis of Innovation Diffusion Models: Empirical Results and Predictive Performance on Russian Mobile Phone Propagation Data
Authors: Balash Vladimir , Balash Olga , Faizliev Alexey , Krylova Maria , Sidorov Sergei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article introduces a new model that describes the innovation diffusion and is an extension of the well-known logistic model to the case when a diffusion process has a more complex structure. Time series data of mobile phone subscribers for Russian Federation during 2000-2018 are examined to compare the performance of the proposed model with the well-known innovation diffusion models (the Gompertz, Logistic, Bass models) and the time-series autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model, one of the most popular forecasting models. Empirical results show that the extended logistic model outperforms the other models and the proposed model has the best characteristics on real data for the Russian mobile communications market.
Modeling the amount of cash in circulation in a country using linear multiple regression
Authors: Batova Marina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The problem of modeling and forecasting the amount of cash in circulation in the country based on the example of the Russian Federation was formulated. Based on the methods of mathematical statistics and econometrics the dominant factors having the most significant effect on the amount of cash in circulation found. The problem in the form of an econometric model represented as a linear multiple regression localized. The quality of the resulting model justified.
Population exposure to pre-emptive de-energization aimed at averting wildfires in Northern California
Authors: Abatzoglou John T , Smith Craig M , Swain Daniel L , Ptak Thomas , Kolden Crystal A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recent extreme fire seasons in California have prompted utilities such as Pacific Gas and Electric to pre-emptively de-energize portions of the electrical grid during periods of extreme fire weather to reduce the risk of powerline-related fire ignitions. The policy was deployed in 2019, resulting in 12 million person-days of power outages and widespread societal disruption. Retrospective weather and vegetation moisture data highlight hotspots of historical risk across northern California. We estimate an average of 1.6 million person-days of de-energization per year, based on recent historical climate conditions and assuming publicly stated utility de-energization thresholds. We further estimate an additional 70% increase in the population affected by de-energization when vegetation remains abnormally dry later into autumn—suggesting that climate change will likely increase population vulnerable to de-energization. Adaptation efforts to curtail fire risk can be beneficial, but efforts to prepare affected populations, modernize the grid, and refine decision-making surrounding such policies have high potential to reduce the magnitude of negative externalities experienced during the 2019 de-energization events.
Estimation of heat dissipation on a levitating rotor over superconducting magnet bearing
Authors: Iida T , Sakurai Y. , Matsumura T , Sugai H , Imada H , Kataza H , Ohsaki H , Katayama N , Terao Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We report the estimation of the heat dissipation on a levitating rotor over superconducting magnetic bearing operating below 10 K. The continuously rotating mechanism is one of key devices to support the rotation of a sapphire half wave plate (HWP) in a polarization modulator of a LiteBIRD satellite. Due to the system requirement, the HWP must be kept at a cryogenic temperature while it is spinning. In order to minimize the frictional energy loss, we employ a superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) and AC synchronous motor, which enables a contactless rotational mechanism. While we can minimize the frictional heat loss, there exists an energy loss due to the magnetic friction. As a result, it is essential to build a thermal model an estimation of heat dissipation to this contactless rotor is important to predict how much the HWP temperature rises during its rotation. For an estimation of heat dissipation, we conduct an experiment in order to establish the thermal simulation model equivalent to the flight model in size. Each thermal contact conductance between the rotor and the cryogenic rotor holder is also estimated through the experiment data. From the data, we only can know the difference in the rotor temperature before and after the rotor rotation. We monitor the transient temperature profile of grippers after the rotor is gripped by them. The rotational time is related to the total heat dissipation on the rotor because the heat dissipation is attributed to two kinds of energy losses: a magnetic hysteresis and induced eddy currents on metal parts of the rotor. Finally, we make a comparison between the thermal model and the experimental result and estimate the allowable heat dissipation to keep the HWP temperature lower than 20K.
Design and test of cryogenic flex cables for the euclid near infrared spectrophotometer
Authors: Holmes W A , Boehmer E , Bertagne C , Cheung S , Cho B , Cho H , Delo G , Dillon R P , Farris M , Feizi A , Ferraro N , Fischer L , Foltz R , Hong K , Jhabvala M , Kan E , Kopp R , Maiten J , Markley D , Morgan A R , Ngyuen M , Pravdo S , Ruiz C , Runyan M , Skalare A , Waczynski A , Walters Y , Wong A , Zhong F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We describe the design and testing of the Cryogenic Flex Cable (CFC) delivered for the Near-Infrared Spectro-Photometer (NISP) instrument [1] for the ESA Euclid mission [2, 3]. The Euclid spacecraft is scheduled for launch in the summer of 2022. It will observe ∼ 1/3 of the total sky using a telescope with 1.2m SiC primary mirror, passively cooled to ∼ 125K, and containing Visible Imager (VIS) [4] and NISP focal plane instruments, from an orbit at the Earth-Sun L2 lagrange point. At the heart of the NISP instrument is a 4X4 mosaic focal plane of Teledyne H2RG infrared detector arrays held at 100K. The CFC described here are designed to link each detector array to a dedicated packaged cryogenic electronics assembly held at ∼ 137K with minimal heat leak to the 100K stage and to withstand handling and launch vibrations. Prototype CFCs were developed and tested by Teledyne. The final 7-layer CFC flexible printed circuit boards and Airborn nanoconnectors were provided by Teledyne and assembled for flight at the Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL). Flight qualification CFC were made and subjected to thermal conductance, thermal emissivity, thermal cycle, survivability to bend, vibration and normal mode testing at JPL. The flight CFC were subject to bake out and thermal cycle at JPL and then tested with the flight detectors and electronics at Goddard Space Flight Centers Detector Characterization Lab. The results of the qualification tests as well as the measured characteristics of the 41 manufactured CFC are summarized.
Analysis and optimization of the liquid nitrogen pre-cooling stage for the EAST helium refrigerator
Authors: Zhu Z G , Zhang Q Y , Zhu P , Hu L B , Zhou Z W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pre-cooling of helium with liquid nitrogen is a good alternative to large scale helium refrigerators for initial cool-down from room temperature to about 80 K due to high exergy efficiency, high cooling capacity, and low demand of heat exchanger area. However, during the initial cool-down, two problems have to be faced for an improper liquid nitrogen pre-cooling stage arrangement. The temperature difference between helium and nitrogen at the cold end of the first heat exchanger became very large, which leaded to high thermal stress and potential damage. The outlet temperature of the nitrogen stream of the heat exchanger is lower than room temperature, thus the efficiency decreases and more liquid nitrogen is consumed. In this paper, the performance of a liquid nitrogen pre-cooling stage for the EAST 2kW/4.5K helium refrigerator during cool-down phase will be analyzed. Then a new arrangement will be sought to avoid a larger temperature difference and underutilization of nitrogen cold energy. The current work may help to design, optimize and operate the liquid nitrogen pre-cooling stage for large scale helium refrigerators.
Implications and Methodology of Retrofits in Cryogenic Plants
Authors: Amstutz O. , Herrmann R. , Bischoff S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Developments over the past few years allow Linde Kryotechnik to economically replace the turbines of a cryogenic plant with state-of-the-art technology leading to several advantages. Stand out among others are higher efficiency of the turbines, easier operation of the plant, increased reliability and an update of the design point regarding current customer demands which improve the overall performance and efficiency of an upgraded cryogenic system. While each retrofit is unique based on the customer demands and situation, it is still possible to follow a certain methodology. Several successful retrofits with conclusions are presented.