bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omphalocele: a review of common genetic etiologies
Authors: Poaty Henriette , Pelluard Fanny , Diallo Mama Sy , Ondima Irène Patricia Lucienne , André Gwenaelle , Silou-Massamba Jacques François 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOmphalocele is one of the most common congenital defects in the anterior abdominal wall. The malformation is associated with various pathologies especially with chromosomal disorders. The developmental defect is observed in Congolese hospitals, but risk factors are not well precised on the published case reports, which are more often focused on management. We aim in this paper to make a review on the condition, insisting on the risk factors of omphaloceles mainly of those of genetic origins.
Randomized Phase III Study of Continuation Maintenance Bevacizumab With or Without Pemetrexed in Advanced Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: COMPASS (WJOG5610L)
Authors: Seto Takashi , Azuma Koichi , Yamanaka Takeharu , Sugawara Shunichi , Yoshioka Hiroshige , Wakuda Kazushige , Atagi Shinji , Iwamoto Yasuo , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Okamoto Isamu , Saka Hideo , Mitsuoka Shigeki , Fujimoto Daichi , Nishino Kazumi , Horiike Atsushi , Daga Haruko , Sone Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Nakanishi Yoichi 
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE Patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been shown to benefit from maintenance therapy. COMPASS evaluated the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab with or without pemetrexed as continuation maintenance therapy after carboplatin, pemetrexed, and bevacizumab induction therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with untreated advanced nonsquamous NSCLC without confirmed EGFR 19 deletion or L858R mutation received first-line therapy with carboplatin area under the curve 6, pemetrexed 500 mg/m2, and bevacizumab 15 mg/kg once every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. Patients without disease progression during the induction therapy were randomly assigned 1:1 for maintenance therapy with pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 plus bevacizumab 15 mg/kg or bevacizumab 15 mg/kg once every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) after random assignment. RESULTS Between September 2010 and September 2015, 907 patients received induction therapy. Of those, 599 were randomly assigned: 298 received pemetrexed plus bevacizumab, and 301 received bevacizumab. The median OS was 23.3 v 19.6 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.87; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.05; 1-sided stratified log-rank P = .069). In the wild-type EGFR subset, the OS HR was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.99; 1-sided unstratified log-rank P = .020). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.7 v 4.0 months (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.79; 2-sided log-rank P < .001). The safety data were consistent with previous reports of treatment regimens. CONCLUSION In terms of the primary end point of OS, no statistically significant benefit was observed; however, PFS in the total patient population and OS in patients with wild-type EGFR was prolonged with the addition of pemetrexed to bevacizumab maintenance therapy.
Introduction of a Novel System for Quantitating Blood Loss After Vaginal Delivery: A Retrospective Interrupted Time Series Analysis With Concurrent Control Group
Authors: Lumbreras-Marquez Mario I. , Reale Sharon C. , Carusi Daniela A. , Robinson Julian N. , Scharf Nora , Fields Kara G. , Farber Michaela K. 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. While volumetric and gravimetric blood loss measurement techniques have been shown to increase PPH detection compared to visual estimation of blood loss (vBL), a combination of these methods has not been evaluated. The primary aim of this study was to compare the change in odds of PPH detection after vaginal delivery (VD; the intervention series) versus cesarean delivery (CD; the control series) before versus after implementation of a device (Triton L&D, Gauss Surgical, Inc, Los Altos, CA) that combines gravimetric and volumetric estimation of blood loss (tBL).

METHODS:
After institutional review board (IRB) approval, patients were identified who had a VD or CD at our institution 3 months before and 3 months after the implementation of a tBL device for VD. The levels and trends in odds of PPH detection (the primary outcome, defined as blood loss ≥500 mL for VD and ≥1000 mL for CD) were compared within and between delivery methods before and after implementation of the device. Secondary outcomes were blood loss ≥1000 mL, total blood loss, secondary uterotonic use, and a composite outcome related to PPH management (transfusion, vasopressor administration, and/or surgical procedures). A post hoc subgroup analysis compared nadir hematocrit, hematocrit reduction ≥10%, and difference between vBL or tBL and calculated blood loss (cBL) between VDs before and after introduction of the device. All outcome comparisons were performed using segmented regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting.

RESULTS:
The weighted odds ratio (wOR) of PPH detection post- versus preimplementation of the device was 2.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–5.41; P = .004) for VDs versus 1.43 (95% CI, 0.72–2.85; P = .304) for CDs (P for interaction .190). No difference was detected in the secondary outcomes for VDs between time periods. In the subgroup of VD patients who had postdelivery hematocrits measured, the mean difference between vBL or tBL and cBL was smaller in the tBL (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: −237 ± 522 mL) versus vBL group (−600 ± 596 mL; weighted difference in means [95% CI]: 349 mL [13–684]; P = .042).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this interrupted time series analysis, the odds of PPH detection after VD increased after implementation of the tBL device. However, a statistical difference was not detected between the increase in PPH detection post- versus preimplementation of the device in VDs versus CDs.
Ultrasound-Assisted Versus Landmark-Guided Spinal Anesthesia in Patients With Abnormal Spinal Anatomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Park Sun-Kyung , Bae Jinyoung , Yoo Seokha , Kim Won Ho , Lim Young-Jin , Bahk Jae-Hyon , Kim Jin-Tae 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:
Spinal anesthesia using a surface landmark–guided technique can be challenging in patients with anatomical alterations of the lumbar spine; however, it is unclear whether using ultrasonography can decrease the technical difficulties in these populations. We assessed whether an ultrasound-assisted technique could reduce the number of needle passes required for block success compared with the landmark-guided technique in patients with abnormal spinal anatomy.

METHODS:
Forty-four patients with abnormal spinal anatomy including documented lumbar scoliosis and previous spinal surgery were randomized to receive either surface landmark–guided or preprocedural ultrasound–assisted spinal anesthesia. All spinal procedures were performed by 1 of 3 experienced anesthesiologists. The primary outcome was the number of needle passes required for successful dural puncture. Secondary outcomes included the success rate on the first pass, total procedure time, periprocedural pain scores, and the incidences of radicular pain, paresthesia, and bloody tap during the neuraxial procedure. Intergroup difference in the primary outcome was assessed for significance using Mann-Whitney U test.

RESULTS:
The median (interquartile range [IQR; range]) number of needle passes was significantly lower in the ultrasound group than in the landmark group (ultrasound 1.5 [1–3 {1–5}]; landmark 6 [2–9.3 {1–15}]; P < .001). First-pass success was achieved in 11 (50.0%) and 2 (9.1%) patients in the ultrasound and landmark groups, respectively (P = .007). The total procedure time, defined as the sum of the time for identifying landmarks and performing spinal anesthesia, did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (ultrasound 141 seconds [115–181 seconds {101–336 seconds}]; landmark 146 seconds [90–295 seconds {53–404 seconds}]; P = .888). The ultrasound group showed lower periprocedural pain scores compared with the landmark group (ultrasound 3.5 [1–5 {0–7}]; landmark 5.5 [3–8 {0–9}]; P = .012). The incidences of complications during the procedure showed no significant differences between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
For anesthesiologists with experience in neuraxial ultrasonography, the use of ultrasound significantly reduces the technical difficulties of spinal anesthesia in patients with abnormal spinal anatomy compared with the landmark-guided technique. Our results can lead to practical suggestions that encourage the use of neuraxial ultrasonography for spinal anesthesia in such patients.
Ratios of Plasma and Platelets to Red Blood Cells in Surgical Patients With Acute Intraoperative Hemorrhage
Authors: Warner Matthew A. , Frank Ryan D. , Weister Timothy J. , Madde Nageswar R. , Gajic Ognjen , Kor Daryl J. 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:
The relationships between the ratios of transfused allogeneic blood products and clinical outcomes in patients with acute intraoperative hemorrhage are poorly defined.

METHODS:
To better define these ratios, we undertook a single-center, observational cohort study of all surgical patients (≥18 years) who received rapid transfusion defined by a critical administration threshold of 3 or more units of red blood cells (RBCs) intraoperatively within 1 hour between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2015. Multivariable regression analyses were used to assess relationships between ratios of plasma to RBCs and platelets to RBCs at 3, 12, and 24 hours and clinical outcomes. The primary outcome was hospital mortality, with secondary outcomes of intensive care unit and hospital-free days.

RESULTS:
The study included 2385 patients, of whom 14.9% had a plasma-to-RBC ratio of 1.0+, and 47.6% had a platelet-to-RBC ratio of 1.0+. Higher plasma-to-RBC and platelet-to-RBC ratios were observed for patients who underwent cardiac, transplant, and vascular surgery and in patients with greater derangements in hemostatic laboratory values. Ratios did not differ by patient age or severity of illness. Higher ratios were not associated with improved clinical outcomes. Mortality differed by platelet-to-RBC but not plasma-to-RBC ratio, with the highest mortality observed with a platelet-to-RBC ratio of 0.1–0.9 at 24 hours (odds ratio, 3.34 [1.62–6.88]) versus no platelets (P= .001). Higher plasma-to-RBC ratios were associated with decreased hospital-free days, although differences in clinical outcomes were not significant after exclusion of patients receiving only RBCs without component therapies.

CONCLUSIONS:
Transfusion ratios in surgical patients with critical intraoperative hemorrhage were largely related to surgical and hemostatic features rather than baseline patient characteristics. Higher ratios were not associated with improved outcomes.
Visual acuity demands of different language mediums in modern primary school classrooms in Malaysia
Authors: Azizan Izzah Azreena , Qi Eg Yue , Kaur Sharanjeet , Narayanasamy Sumithira 
Published: December 2019

Background:Good visual acuity is important for children’s learning but the actual visual acuity (VA) demands of classrooms are not well defined.Methods:In total, 61 classrooms from eight primary schools were included in this study. Classrooms were divided into lower and upper primary which reflect different stages of learning. Three types of national schools were included in the study, which were National, National Types Chinese (C) and Tamil (T). Each type of school utilizes different language as the medium of teaching. The measurements conducted in each classroom were: dimensions, maximum distance a student is seated and vertical height of the distance and near target. Near working distance of 28cm was assumed. Distance and near visual acuity demands (VA) were then calculated.Results:The distance and near VA demands were 0.11 ± 0.26 logMAR and 0.24 ± 0.10 logMAR for lower primary, and 0.09 ± 0.20 logMAR and 0.24 ± 0.09 logMAR for upper primary classrooms respectively. Distance and near VA demands between both stages were not significantly different (p>0.05). The distance and near VA demands for National schools were 0.24 ± 0.17 logMAR and 0.31 ± 0.04 logMAR, National Type (C) were 0.16 ± 0.11 logMAR and 0.13 ± 0.03 logMAR, National Type (T) were 0.09 ± 0.10 logMAR and 0.12 ± 0.03 logMAR respectively. There were significant differences for both distance and near VA demands between types of schools, F(2, 58) 42.19, p = 0.00; F (2, 58) 208.35, p = 0.00 respectively.Conclusions:High levels of visual acuity for distance and near are required to meet the demands of modern classroom environments. Both National Types schools require higher VA demand compared to National schools. These findings suggest current vision screening protocols and cut off points for schools might require revision.
The inter-rater reliability of the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment tool after brain surgery
Authors: Galloway Adam Marco , Killan Edward C , McHugh Gretl A 
Published: December 2019

Background/Aims Falls are a significant cause of hospital admissions in the UK and require clinically reasoned intervention from the multidisciplinary team to ensure the patient receives an effective and efficient treatment, including physiotherapy. This study aimed to assess the inter-rater reliability of the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment in patients who had recently undergone brain surgery. Methods A prospective inter-rater reliability study involving 18 male and 12 female patients aged between 27 and 87 years who had recently undergone brain surgery was conducted. Three raters of varying clinical physiotherapy experience assessed participants using the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment on an acute neurosurgical ward. Inter-rater reliability was measured using Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients. Results Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficient values demonstrated excellent inter-rater reliability, regardless of the age and sex of the patients or the clinical experience of the rater. Conclusions Results suggest that the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment is a potentially useful tool for assessing patients, particularly for the risk of falls, following brain surgery. Future research is needed to determine other clinimetric properties of this outcome measure before wider implementation.
La Educación del Futuro: creencias del alumnado
Authors: Conde Vélez Sara , Boza Carreño Ángel 
Published: December 2019

INTRODUCCIÓN. Actualmente, no concebimos sentarnos a trabajar sin encender el ordenador y conectarnos a internet. Acceso a la información y comunicación definen la sociedad y la educación de nuestros días. Ello ha supuesto un cambio profundo de la enseñanza y del aprendizaje de los últimos 30 años. Por ello pretendemos probar nuestras ideas sobre la educación del futuro próximo. Nuestro objetivo es establecer las creencias del alumnado sobre la educación del futuro examinando sus opiniones sobre contexto tecnológico, profesorado, metodología docente y alumnado. Además, exploramos qué relaciones entre estas dimensiones subyacen en sus creencias. MÉTODO. Realizamos una encuesta sobre una muestra de 431 alumnos de la Universidad de Huelva (España) mediante una escala elaborada ad hoc, denominada ʻLa educación del futuroʼ, que pretende evaluar las creencias del alumnado sobre la educación del futuro y compuesta por cuatro dimensiones: Contexto Tecnológico, Profesorado del Futuro, Metodología Docente Futura y Alumnado del Futuro. Validamos la escala mediante juicio de expertos, análisis de consistencia interna y análisis factorial exploratorio, que redefinen la escala inicial. RESULTADOS. El alumnado valora sobre todo la metodología de Proyectos Colaborativos, seguido del profesorado orientador-sociocrítico y del alumnado constructivo-social por encima del contexto tecnológico. También comprobamos que el modelo que subyace en las creencias del alumnado sitúa la metodología basada en proyectos como centro de la educación futura, determinando los modelos de profesorado y alumnado, y determinada en menor grado por el contexto tecnológico. DISCUSIÓN. Estos resultados señalan que los nuevos contextos transforman la metodología docente y que los cambios metodológicos exigen un nuevo tipo de alumnado y profesorado más centrados en el aprendizaje. Alumnado y profesorado también son influenciados por el contexto pero en menor grado que por la metodología docente.
Lotze’s Debt to Kant Against Naturalism and Czolbe’s Counterpoint. The Ambiguities of “Epistemological Kantianism” Around 1850
Authors: Morel Charlotte 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The decline of Naturphilosophie deeply polarized the philosophical and scientific debate. Naturalistic–materialistic positions gained powerful influence, but the latent role of the Kantian critical position also re-emerged in the context of an “ideal-realism”. I will first consider in detail two opposing treatments of Kant’s perspective. After Lotze had criticized his earlier materialistic position, advising him to read Kant, Czolbe finally addressed Kant, thereby progressing to a non-materialistic form of naturalism. However, whether to defend or to dismiss naturalism, neither philosopher addresses Kant as a transcendentalist thinker, and I go on to examine this common feature in their writings. This invites us to reconsider what exactly in Kant’s system conflicts with naturalism. Is transcendentalism too broad a requisite for that task? Within “ideal-realism”, the realist part actually implies a denial of transcendental idealism; still, it shows how a realism which refuses to be naturalism could well learn from Kant.
Effects of selected bleaching agents on the functional and structural properties of orange albedo starch-based bioplastics
Authors: Adeniyi Adewale G. , Saliu Oluwaseyi D. , Ighalo Joshua O. , Olosho Adebayo I. , Bankole Deborah T. , Amusat Sefiu O. , Kelani Eniola O. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecent research has proven that starch offers a wide range of industrial, commercial, and utility applications if they are optimally processed and refined. In this study, the effect of hydrogen peroxide (HP), sodium persulfite, peracetic acid (PAA), and sodium perborate (SPB) bleaching agents on the physiochemical, surface, mechanical, and flow properties were investigated. The various bleached starch bioplastics were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. Hydroxyl and carbonyl (C=O) stretching were seen for HP- and PAA-bleached starch bioplastics at 3285 and 1736 and 3265 and 1698 cm−1, respectively. The C=O band was absent for SPB-treated starch, whereas the C=S band was seen on sodium hyposulfite (SHS)-treated starch. The morphologies of starch were retained with little agglomerations, except for HP-treated starch bioplastics with a morphology change. HP-treated starch had the highest percentage crystallinity (66%) and the highest thermal stability (74% weight loss), whereas PAA-treated starch had the lowest percentage crystallinity (34%) and the lowest thermal stability (88% weight loss). HP- and SHS-bleached starch bioplastics had the best surface, mechanical, and expansion properties.
Effect of Laser Processing Parameters on Cut Quality after Engraving
Authors: Lichovník Jiří , Malotová Šárka , Zelinka Jan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the quality evaluation of engraved surfaces of selected materials after application of CO2 E4060 laser. A machined steel was chosen steel ČSN 11 373, engraving was carried out on aluminium alloy EN AW 7075, plexiglass XT, plywood and cardboard. Engraving was performed under predetermined power conditions and laser feed rates. Marking of metallic materials was made after applying the marking paste LMM 6000. The evaluation was made on the basis of a visual inspection and then a suitable combination of parameters was chosen for individual materials.
A New Polygenic Model for Nonfamilial Colorectal Cancer Inheritance Based on the Genetic Architecture of the Azoxymethane-Induced Mouse Model
Authors: Bissahoyo Anika C , Xie Yuying , Yang Lynda , Pearsall R Scott , Lee Daekee , Elliott Rosemary W , Demant Peter , McMillan Leonard , Pardo-Manuel de Villena Fernando , Angel Joe M , Threadgill David W 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe azoxymethane carcinogen model of non-familial colorectal cancer has been used in mice to identify six new susceptibility loci and confirm 18 of 24 previous detected susceptibility loci. Using a population-based approach, the genetic architecture of colon cancer...The azoxymethane model of colorectal cancer (CRC) was used to gain insights into the genetic heterogeneity of nonfamilial CRC. We observed significant differences in susceptibility parameters across 40 mouse inbred strains, with 6 new and 18 of 24 previously identified mouse CRC modifier alleles detected using genome-wide association analysis. Tumor incidence varied in F1 as well as intercrosses and backcrosses between resistant and susceptible strains. Analysis of inheritance patterns indicates that resistance to CRC development is inherited as a dominant characteristic genome-wide, and that susceptibility appears to occur in individuals lacking a large-effect, or sufficient numbers of small-effect, polygenic resistance alleles. Our results suggest a new polygenic model for inheritance of nonfamilial CRC, and that genetic studies in humans aimed at identifying individuals with elevated susceptibility should be pursued through the lens of absence of dominant resistance alleles rather than for the presence of susceptibility alleles.
Coerência e veracidade na comunicação: indicialidade intracomunicacional e extracomunicacional
Authors: Elleström Lars 
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é construir um modelo para demonstrar como a comunicação humana, envolvendo todos os tipos de mídia, pode não apenas corresponder, mas também nos colocar em contato com a nossa percepção do mundo que nos rodeia. De que maneiras a verdade é realmente estabelecida pela comunicação? Para responder a isso, emprega-se a noção de índices: sinais baseados em contiguidade. No entanto, uma investigação dos índices na sua dimensão externa – criando a veracidade na comunicação – também requer uma compreensão da sua dimensão interna: criar a coerência. Para investigar essas duas funções, alguns conceitos e várias categorizações elementares são propostas: argumenta-se que existem vários tipos de contiguidade e muitas variedades de objetos indiciais, o que invalida a distinção grosseira entre ficção e não ficção.
ENSINO TÉCNICO PÚBLICO: as percepções dos provedores do ensino e dos alunos ingressantes
Authors: De Lacerda Cristiane Souza , Teixeira Arilda 
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar o gap de conhecimento entre o que os alunos entrantes esperam da Instituição de Ensino (IE) e o que os provedores desses serviços consideram que os alunos esperam. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa, com corte transversal. Os dados foram obtidos através da replicação do questionário utilizado por Margotto (2014). O questionário foi aplicado em 1485 candidatos aos cursos, e em 386 servidores da instituição de ensino. A amostra foi não probabilística por conveniência. Os resultados sugeriram que os inscritos no processo seletivo esperam muito mais do ensino do que os servidores consideram que eles esperem. Isso permite admitir que os servidores percebem apenas parte das expectativas do futuro aluno em relação ao curso e à IE; a necessidade de a IE ajustar sua gestão de maneira a ser capaz de atender às expectativas dos alunos e com isso estabelecer uma efetiva relação de atração e lealdade para com eles.