bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) between short and conventional stem hip replacements: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Babu Satish , Singh Prashant , Wiik Anatole , Shastri Oliver , Malik Khalid , Bailey James , Ghosh Koushik , Cobb Justin 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Short stem hip replacements may allow preservation of proximal bone stock and minimise soft tissue disruption, easing future revision surgery. However patient satisfaction with these implants must be determined before widespread use. We aimed to compare patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) between short and conventional stem hip replacements. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines for studies comparing short and conventional stem hip replacements with validated PROMs. Meta-analyses were performed for studies reporting Harris Hip and WOMAC scores. Study bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: 24 studies, incorporating 2593 total hip replacements were included for qualitative analysis. 17 studies were included in the meta-analyses. Of the 7 excluded, 1 study reported the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score and 2 others reported the Oxford Hip score. All three showed no difference between the stems. A meta-analysis of 17 studies reporting Harris hip scores showed no statistically significant difference between short and conventional stems (standard mean difference (SMD) −0.06, 95% CI −0.20—0.07, p = 0.35). 6 studies reported WOMAC scores with higher scores indicating worse outcome. No difference was seen between the two groups (SMD 0.21, 95%CI, −0.01—0.42, p = 0.06). 4 studies reported higher WOMAC scores as better. Once again, a meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference between the stems (SMD 0.28, 95% CI −0.07—0.63, p = 0.12). Conclusions: Our systematic review showed no difference in PROMs between short and conventional stem total hip replacements. This is in keeping with previous evidence but is a more comprehensive analysis. Short stems may have an important role in younger individuals as they allow preservation of proximal femoral bone, minimal access surgery and are amenable to abnormal anatomy. The current literature is hindered by non-uniform methodologies and outcome assessments across studies. Further, standardised, high quality evidence is required before widespread changes in practice.
Does multilingualism shape personality? An exploratory investigation
Authors: Dewaele Jean-Marc , Botes Elouise 
Published: November 2019

Aims and objectives: Personality psychologists argue that personality is the result of nature and nurture. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the latter. The present study considers the effect of multilingualism, a social factor, on personality. Methodology: A total of 651 multilinguals from around the world filled out an online questionnaire containing questions about participants’ language profile and a so-called “Big 5” questionnaire: the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (short form). Data and analysis: Correlation analyses were run between the level of multilingualism of participants and their scores on five personality traits. A parceled structural equation model was then used to examine the influence of multilingualism on three personality subscales. Findings: The model indicated significant positive path coefficients between the level of multilingualism and Flexibility, Social Initiative and Open-mindedness. Significance: Our findings confirm and expand earlier research that showed that multilingualism/multiculturalism can be considered to be enduring environmental factors that contribute to the shaping of personality profiles.
Endovascular Approach Versus Aortobifemoral Bypass Grafting: Outcomes in Extensive Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease
Authors: Rocha-Neves João , Ferreira André , Sousa Joel , Pereira-Neves António , Vidoedo José , Alves Hélio , Teixeira José , Azevedo Ana 
Published: November 2019

Objective: Compare technical, clinical, and economic outcomes between endovascular and open approaches in patients with type D aortoiliac occlusive disease according to the TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus. Methods: Patients undergoing revascularization for type D aortoiliac lesions, either endovascular or open surgery approach, from 2 Portuguese institutions between January 2011 and October 2017 were included. The surgical technique was left to the surgeon discretion. Patients with common femoral artery affection, both obstructive and aneurysmatic, were excluded. Results: Twenty-seven patients underwent aortobifemoral bypass and 32 patients were submitted to endovascular repair. The patients undergoing endovascular procedure were more likely to present with chronic heart failure ( P = .001) and chronic kidney disease ( P = .022) and less likely to have a history of smoking ( P = .05). The mean follow-up period was 67.84 (95% confidence interval = 61.85-73.83) months. The open surgery approach resulted in a higher technical success ( P = .001); however, limb salvage and patency rates were not different between groups. Endovascular approach was associated with a shorter length-of-stay, both inpatient (6 vs 9 days; P = .041) and patients admitted in the intensive care unit (0 vs 3.81 days; P = .001) as well as lower hospital expenses (US$9281 vs US$23 038; P = .001) with a similar procedure cost (US$2316 vs US$1173; P = .6). No differences were found in the postsurgical quality of life. Conclusion: Endovascular approach is, at least, clinically equivalent to open surgery approach and is more cost-efficient. The “endovascular-first” approach should be considered for type D occlusive aortoiliac lesions.
Characterization of Stem Cells From Pulp Tissue of Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth, Impacted Third Molars and Apical Papilla of Impacted Third Molars With Open Apices: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Raut Sumeet , Somalapur Pradeep , Bopardikar Sujit , Kulkarni Rohit , Bopardikar Abhijit , Deshpande Shobha , Kumar Raghwendra 
Published: November 2019

Background and Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from many different dental tissues have enormous potential in tissue regeneration and immunotherapy. MSCs isolated and cultured in many different ways are known for their heterogenecity expressed through multiple phenotypes which in turn may reflect their distinct functional properties; it is important to analyze and compare the characteristics of each cell lines cultured. The objective of this study is to isolate MSCs from 3 different sources and analyze and compare their morphological and phenotypic characteristics. Materials and Methods: The samples were collected and mononuclear cells were isolated using enzymatic digestion method and the adherent cell cultures were maintained till passage 3 and the harvested cells were analyzed for different phenotypic markers such as CD34, CD45, CD29, CD105, CD73, CD90, SOX2, OCT3/4, and neuroectodermal stem cell marker (NESTIN). The comparative statistical analysis of characterized cells was done by standard deviation methods using SPSS software (Canada). Results: Our study was successful in isolation, culture, and characterization of stem cells from all the mentioned 3 sources. All established cultures were more than 95% positive for mesenchymal markers and less than 5% positive for hematopoietic markers. The cells also expressed pluripotency markers and neural markers. Further, the comparison of mean positive expressions among the groups using analysis of variance showed the different significance levels of expression of different markers in groups. Conclusion: MSCs from different sources show promising expression of different markers; therefore, it can be concluded that cells isolated from dental sources can be used for treating various neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
Factors Associated With Knee Pain and Heel Pain in Youth Soccer Players Aged 8 to 12 Years
Authors: Iwame Toshiyuki , Matsuura Tetsuya , Suzue Naoto , Iwase Joji , Uemura Hirokazu , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: November 2019

Background: Soccer is played by many children younger than 12 years. Despite its health benefits, soccer has also been linked to a high number of sport-related injuries. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between clinical factors and knee or heel pain in youth soccer players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Study participants included 602 soccer players aged 8 to 12 years who were asked whether they had experienced episodes of knee or heel pain. Data were collected on age, body mass index, years of playing soccer, playing position, and training hours per week. Associations of clinical factors with the prevalence of knee or heel pain were examined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Episodes of knee and heel pain were reported by 29.4% and 31.1% of players, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that older age and more years of playing soccer were significantly and positively associated with the prevalence of knee pain ( P = .037 and P = .015 for trend, respectively) but did not identify any significant associations for heel pain. Conclusion: In this study of youth soccer players, knee pain was associated with older age and more years of play, but heel pain was not significantly associated with any factor.
Distinct molecular profile of IRF4-rearranged large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Ramis-Zaldivar Joan Enric , Gonzalez-Farré Blanca , Balagué Olga , Celis Verónica , Nadeu Ferran , Salmerón-Villalobos Julia , Andrés Mara , Martin-Guerrero Idoia , Garrido-Pontnou Marta , Gaafar Ayman , Suñol Mariona , Bárcena Carmen , Garcia-Bragado Federico , Andión Maitane , Azorín Daniel , Astigarraga Itziar , Sagaseta de Ilurdoz Maria , Sábado Constantino , Gallego Soledad , Verdú-Amorós Jaime , Fernandez-Delgado Rafael , Perez Vanesa , Tapia Gustavo , Mozos Anna , Torrent Montserrat , Solano-Páez Palma , Rivas-Delgado Alfredo , Dlouhy Ivan , Clot Guillem , Enjuanes Anna , López-Guillermo Armando , Galera Pallavi , Oberley Matthew J. , Maguire Alanna , Ramsower Colleen , Rimsza Lisa M. , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Jaffe Elaine S. , Campo Elías , Salaverria Itziar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pediatric large B-cell lymphomas (LBCLs) share morphological and phenotypic features with adult types but have better prognosis. The higher frequency of some subtypes such as LBCL with IRF4 rearrangement (LBCL-IRF4) in children suggests that some age-related biological differences may exist. To characterize the genetic and molecular heterogeneity of these tumors, we studied 31 diffuse LBCLs (DLBCLs), not otherwise specified (NOS); 20 LBCL-IRF4 cases; and 12 cases of high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL), NOS in patients ≤25 years using an integrated approach, including targeted gene sequencing, copy-number arrays, and gene expression profiling. Each subgroup displayed different molecular profiles. LBCL-IRF4 had frequent mutations in IRF4 and NF-κB pathway genes (CARD11, CD79B, and MYD88), losses of 17p13 and gains of chromosome 7, 11q12.3-q25, whereas DLBCL, NOS was predominantly of germinal center B-cell (GCB) subtype and carried gene mutations similar to the adult counterpart (eg, SOCS1 and KMT2D), gains of 2p16/REL, and losses of 19p13/CD70. A subset of HGBCL, NOS displayed recurrent alterations of Burkitt lymphoma–related genes such as MYC, ID3, and DDX3X and homozygous deletions of 9p21/CDKN2A, whereas other cases were genetically closer to GCB DLBCL. Factors related to unfavorable outcome were age &gt;18 years; activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL profile, HGBCL, NOS, high genetic complexity, 1q21-q44 gains, 2p16/REL gains/amplifications, 19p13/CD70 homozygous deletions, and TP53 and MYC mutations. In conclusion, these findings further unravel the molecular heterogeneity of pediatric and young adult LBCL, improve the classification of this group of tumors, and provide new parameters for risk stratification.
Neutrophil and monocyte adherence to and migration across monolayers of cytokine-activated endothelial cells: the contribution of CD18, ELAM-1, and VLA-4
Authors: Hakkert BC , Kuijpers TW , Leeuwenberg JF , van Mourik JA , Roos D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pretreatment of endothelial cells with cytokines enhances the adherence of leukocytes, a process that is mediated by surface proteins expressed on both cell types. A three-dimensional model system for the simultaneous determination of leukocyte adherence and migration was used to study the contribution of CD11/CD18, endothelial leukocyte- adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) and VLA-4 in neutrophil and monocyte adherence to and migration through cytokine-activated endothelial cells. Pretreatment of endothelial cells for 4 hours with recombinant interleukin-1 beta (rIL-1 beta) was found to enhance neutrophil adherence and migration to a much greater extent than monocyte adherence and migration. Neutrophil adherence was almost completely prevented by the combined use of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against ELAM-1 and CD18. Although ELAM-1 has been designated an endothelial cell-specific cytokine-inducible receptor for neutrophils, we observed that ENA2, an anti-ELAM-1 MoAb, significantly reduced monocyte adherence about 30%. MoAbs against VLA-4, the ligand of the cytokine- inducible receptor VCAM-1, did not affect monocyte adherence. However, the combined use of the MoAbs against CD18, ELAM-1, and VLA-4 had a very strong and additive inhibitory effect on rIL-1 beta-induced monocyte adherence. The anti-CD18 MoAb reduced both rIL-1 beta-induced neutrophil and monocyte migration far below the level of the unstimulated controls, whereas neither the anti-ELAM-1 nor the anti-VLA- 4 MoAb significantly affected the process of migration. Our results indicate that neutrophils and monocytes initially adhere to cytokine- activated endothelial cells by CD18-independent and (to a lesser extent) by CD18-dependent mechanisms and subsequently change gears to a completely CD18-dependent migratory mechanism.
Activated neutrophils exert myeloid-derived suppressor cell activity damaging T cells beyond repair
Authors: Aarts Cathelijn E. M. , Hiemstra Ida H. , Béguin Eelke P. , Hoogendijk Arjan J. , Bouchmal Souhailla , van Houdt Michel , Tool Anton T. J. , Mul Erik , Jansen Machiel H. , Janssen Hans , van Alphen Floris P. J. , de Boer Jan-Paul , Zuur Charlotte L. , Meijer Alexander B. , van den Berg Timo K. , Kuijpers Taco W. 
Published: November 2019

Key Points
Activated neutrophils can suppress T-cell proliferation in a CD11b-dependent multistep process involving ROS production and degranulation. MDSC activity results in nonapoptotic T-cell damage.
Genetic parameters and genomic breeding values for digital dermatitis in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle: host susceptibility, infectivity and the basic reproduction ratio
Authors: Biemans Floor , de Jong Mart C. M. , Bijma Piter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundFor infectious diseases, the probability that an animal gets infected depends on its own susceptibility, and on the number of infectious herd mates and their infectivity. Together with the duration of the infectious period, susceptibility and infectivity determine the basic reproduction ratio of the disease ($$ R_{0} $$R0).$$ R_{0} $$R0is the average number of secondary cases caused by a typical infectious individual in an otherwise uninfected population. An infectious disease dies out when$$ R_{0} $$R0is lower than 1. Thus, breeding strategies that aim at reducing disease prevalence should focus on reducing$$ R_{0} $$R0, preferably to a value lower than 1. In animal breeding, however,$$ R_{0} $$R0has received little attention. Here, we estimate the additive genetic variance in host susceptibility, host infectivity, and$$ R_{0} $$R0for the endemic claw disease digital dermatitis (DD) in Holstein Friesian dairy cattle, and estimate genomic breeding values (GEBV) for these traits. We recorded DD disease status of both hind claws of 1513 cows from 12 Dutch dairy farms, every 2 weeks, 11 times. The genotype data consisted of 75,904 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 1401 of the cows. We modelled the probability that a cow got infected between recordings, and compared four generalized linear mixed models. All models included a genetic effect for susceptibility; Models 2 and 4 also included a genetic effect for infectivity, while Models 1 and 2 included a farm*period interaction. We corrected for variation in exposure to infectious herd mates via an offset.ResultsGEBV for$$ R_{0} $$R0from the model that included genetic effects for susceptibility only had an accuracy of ~ 0.39 based on cross-validation between farms, which is very high given the limited amount of data and the complexity of the trait. Models with a genetic effect for infectivity showed a larger bias, but also a slightly higher accuracy of GEBV. Additive genetic standard deviation for$$ R_{0} $$R0was large, i.e. ~ 1.17, while the mean$$ R_{0} $$R0was 2.36.ConclusionsGEBV for$$ R_{0} $$R0showed substantial variation. The mean$$ R_{0} $$R0was only about one genetic standard deviation greater than 1. These results suggest that lowering DD prevalence by selective breeding is promising.
A single factor dominates the behavior of rhythmic genes in mouse organs
Authors: Cheng Yang , Chi Yuhao , Zhang Luoying , Wang Guang-Zhong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Circadian rhythm, regulated by both internal and external environment of the body, is a multi-scale biological oscillator of great complexity. On the molecular level, thousands of genes exhibit rhythmic transcription, which is both organ- and species-specific, but it remains a mystery whether some common factors could potentially explain their rhythmicity in different organs. In this study we address this question by analyzing the transcriptome data in 12 mouse organs to determine such major impacting factors.

Results
We found a strong positive correlation between the transcriptional level and rhythmic amplitude of circadian rhythmic genes in mouse organs. Further, transcriptional level could explain over 70% of the variation in amplitude. In addition, the functionality and tissue specificity were not strong predictors of amplitude, and the expression level of rhythmic genes was linked to the energy consumption associated with transcription.

Conclusion
Expression level is a single major factor impacts the behavior of rhythmic genes in mouse organs. This single determinant implicates the importance of rhythmic expression itself on the design of the transcriptional system. So, rhythmic regulation of highly expressed genes can effectively reduce the energetic cost of transcription, facilitating the long-term adaptive evolution of the entire genetic system.
Decadal epidemiology of malaria in KwaZulu-Natal, a province in South Africa targeting elimination
Authors: Maharaj Rajendra , Seocharan Ishen , Qwabe Bheki , Mkhabela Moses , Kissoon Sunitha , Lakan Vishan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Although malaria remains a noteworthy disease in South Africa, the provinces are at differing stages of the malaria elimination continuum. KwaZulu-Natal has consistently reported the lowest number of cases over the past 5 years and it is expected that the goal of elimination will be achieved in this province over the next few years. The study reports on few key indicators that realistically represents the provinces progress over the past decade. Local and imported morbidity and mortality is seen as the key indicator as is malaria in children under the age of five and pregnant women. The only vector control intervention in the province is indoor residual spraying (IRS) and this gives an estimate of the population protected by this intervention.

Methods
Trend analysis was used to examine the changing epidemiology in KwaZulu-Natal over the past decade from 2008 to 2018. The data used in this decadal analysis was obtained from the provincial Department of Health. Since malaria is a medically notifiable disease, all malaria cases diagnosed in the province are reported from health facilities and are captured in the malaria information system in the province.

Results
The results have shown that imported cases are on the increase whilst local cases are decreasing, in keeping with an elimination objective. Preventing secondary cases is the key to reaching elimination. Only 10% of the cases reported occur in children under 5 years whereas the cases in pregnant women account for about 1% of the reported cases. Over 85% of the houses receive IRS and this is also the same proportion of the population protected by the intervention.

Conclusion
Several challenges to elimination have been identified but these are not insurmountable. Although there are major impediments to achieving elimination, the changing epidemiology suggests that major strides have been made in the past 10 years and KwaZulu-Natal is on track to achieving this milestone in the next few years.
Time trends (1995–2008) in dietary habits among adolescents in relation to the Norwegian school fruit scheme: the HUNT study
Authors: Hovdenak Ingrid Marie , Bere Elling , Stea Tonje Holte 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction
The importance of healthy eating in adolescence is well established. The present study examined possible effects of the free Norwegian School Fruit Scheme (NSFS), changes in dietary habits between 1995 and 2008, and whether secular changes in dietary habits differed among schools who implemented the NSFS during September 2007.

Method
We used data from the Young-HUNT1 survey conducted from 1995 to 1997 and the Young-HUNT3 survey conducted from 2006 to 2008, which are part of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), a longitudinal population health study. To evaluate the NSFS, the date Young-HUNT3 participants answered the questionnaire was used to identify affiliation to the intervention group (post-September 2007, n = 1892) or control group (pre-September 2007, n = 2855). To explore dietary habits over time, adolescents attending the same schools in Young-HUNT1 (n = 4137) and Young-HUNT3 (n = 4113) were included. Further, we investigated secular changes in dietary habits according to school type (intervention schools vs control schools). In all analysis, we explored possible differential effects according to socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. A questionnaire measured adolescents’ consumption of fruit, vegetables, candy, potato chips, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB). Educational intention was used as a proxy for SES. Multilevel logistic regression was used.

Results
Within Young-HUNT3, the intervention group showed increased odds of daily consumption of fruit (aOR 1.7, 95% CI = 1.3–2.4) compared to the control group. Over time, adolescents were more likely to consume fruit (aOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.28–1.71), vegetables (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.28–1.53), potato chips (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.26–2.04) and SSB (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.66–2.45). Secular changes for fruit differed by school type: adolescents in intervention schools had higher odds of daily consumption (aOR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.38–2.38) than those in control schools (aOR 1.26, 95% CI = 1.07–1.47).

Conclusion
The results indicated that the NSFS increased adolescents’ fruit consumption. In the period assessed, the study identified positive and negative changes in adolescents’ dietary habits.