bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DanBERA: A tool for Danish buildings energy renovation design and assessment
Authors: Jradi Muhyiddine , Andersen Sandra , Hagenau Morten 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the development and implementation of DanBERA tool for Danish buildings energy renovation design and assessment. Unlike the static tools used in the current building renovation market, DanBERA is based on dynamic energy performance simulations of case study buildings considering various building characteristics and specifications and taking into account the dynamic impact of occupancy and weather conditions. The tool uses a systematic and comprehensive renovation assessment methodology considering technical, economic and environmental impacts. A list of standard energy renovation measures is considered, targeting the building physical envelope upgrade in addition to energy systems performance improvement and installation of renewable energy systems. In addition, DanBERA provides a comprehensive assessment of various renovation measures and packages, yet using limited number of inputs including building type, indoor floor area, construction or last renovated year and location. The possibility of having a building ventilation system is also available. Four major building categories are included in the current version, single-story and two-story residential houses, residential apartments and office buildings. The tool implementation is demonstrated in the paper by considering 3 Danish case studies and reporting the renovation design and assessment results regarding energy consumption and indoor air quality.
Impact of electrical vehicle (EV) penetration on the cost-optimal building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) at a small residential district in Sweden
Authors: Lovati Marco , Zhang Xingxing 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Buildings are transforming into prosumers because of the intensive growth in photovoltaics (PV), electric vehicles (EV) and home batteries. To adapt such transformation trend, this paper optimizes the cost-optimal capacity and positions of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) in a small residential district in Sweden, by considering thermal-electricity loads, power sharing among neighbour buildings, and electrical storage. This study focuses on two optimization scenarios with two different objectives: (1) maximizing net present value (NPV) of the BIPV system, and (2) achieving 27% renewable energy sources (RES) (as set by EU Framework for climate and energy).The optimization is performed with varying penetration of EV demand. The results show that: in scenario (1) the increase in EVs enables larger BIPV capacity with slightly improved self-consumption and thus with a little more profit. In scenario (2) however the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of the self-consumed electricity sensibly increases with growing presence of EVs, leading to the decreased profit. In conclusion, three main factors were found that are negatively affecting the performance of BIPV in relation to the EVs in the Swedish residential sector: A low electricity price in summer, a prevalence of the EV load at night, and the absence of PV over-production in winter.
An evaluation of energy conservation measures for deteriorated single-family houses
Authors: An Sang Min , Kim Joo Han , Kim Sung Wan , Lee Kyung Hoi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The study analyzes the heating energy performance and water use reduction of the deteriorated single-family house with energy conservation measures (ECMs) such as double-glazing window, internal insulation, high-efficiency boiler, LED lightings, and water-saving closet. The building energy consumption and savings of each energy conservation measure are analyzed using the DesignBuilder program. The payback period and life cycle cost are analyzed to verify the indices of the cost effectiveness. As a result, the refurbishment of the internal insulation system is identified to be the most effective measure to save energy and cost. The simultaneous consideration of thermal insulation and high-efficient boiler helps the low-income bracket among the single-family houses of the old downtown area to increase their residential improvement.
Bermuda’s Persistent Futures
Authors: Fosbury Timothy L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract“Bermuda’s Persistent Futures” recovers Bermuda’s significance to the development of the settler colonial imaginations of early America. Following the 1609 wreck of the Sea Venture that began its settlement, English settlers insisted that Bermuda’s apparent lack of any previous Indigenous population, Spanish failures to account for its potential, and its proximity to England, North America, and the West Indies all made the 20-square-mile archipelago an anomalous and exceptional plantation in an emerging colonial system. Writers and officials seized upon Bermuda’s perceived uniqueness to position it as an isolated, vacant laboratory perfectly suited for uncovering what they believed had been waiting to be discovered—an America that was natural to England. Bermuda, in this sense, inspired a corpus of colonial fantasies about the hemisphere’s futures under a permanent English presence that was previously unimaginable to colonial writers. This essay focuses on Richard Norwood’s The Description of the Sommer Ilands, Once Called the Bermudas (1622–23) and J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur’s Lettres d’un cultivateur amèricain (1784) to reconstruct a Bermuda that persistently appeared to lead the way for the futures of American settlement.
Limited long-distance dispersal success in a Western European fairy shrimp evidenced by nuclear and mitochondrial lineage structuring
Authors: Rodríguez-Flores Paula C , Recuero Ernesto , Jiménez-Ruiz Yolanda , García-París Mario 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Anostraca are known by their ability for long-distance dispersal, but the existence in several species of deep, geographically structured mtDNA lineages suggests their populations are subjected to allopatric differentiation, isolation, and prevalence of local scale dispersion. Tanymastix stagnalis is one of the most widespread species of Anostraca and previous studies revealed an unclear geographical pattern of mtDNA genetic diversity. Here, we analyze populations from the Iberian and Italian Peninsulas, Central Europe, and Scandinavia, with the aim to characterize the patterns of genetic diversity in a spatio-temporal framework using mtDNA and nuclear markers to test gene flow among close populations. For these aims we built a time-calibrated phylogeny and carried out Bayesian phylogeographic analyses using a continuous diffusion model. Our results indicated that T. stagnalis presents a deeply structured genetic diversity, including 7 ancient lineages, some of them even predating the Pleistocene. The Iberian Peninsula harbors high diversity of lineages, with strong isolation and recent absence of gene flow between populations. Dispersal at local scale seems to be the prevailing dispersal mode of T. stagnalis, which exhibits a pattern of isolation-by-distance in the Iberian Peninsula. We remark the vulnerability of most of these lineages, given the limited known geographic distribution of some of them, and the high risk of losing important evolutionary potential for the species.
Chlamydia trachomatis recruits protein kinase C during infection
Authors: Sah Prakash , Nelson Nicholas H , Shaw Jennifer H , Lutter Erika I 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Chlamydia trachomatis is a significant pathogen with global and economic impact. As an obligate intracellular pathogen, C. trachomatis resides inside the inclusion, a parasitophorous vacuole, and depends on the host cell for survival and transition through a biphasic development cycle. During infection, C. trachomatis is known to manipulate multiple signaling pathways and recruit an assortment of host proteins to the inclusion membrane, including host kinases. Here, we show recruitment of multiple isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) including active phosphorylated PKC isoforms to the chlamydial inclusion colocalizing with active Src family kinases. Pharmacological inhibition of PKC led to a modest reduction of infectious progeny production. PKC phosphorylated substrates were seen recruited to the entire periphery of the inclusion membrane. Infected whole cell lysates showed altered PKC phosphorylation of substrates during the course of infection. Assessment of different chlamydial species showed recruitment of PKC and PKC phosphorylated substrates were limited to C. trachomatis. Taken together, PKC and PKC substrate recruitment may provide significant insights into how C. trachomatis manipulates multiple host signaling cascades during infection.
New Bounds of Weyl Sums
Authors: Chen Changhao , Shparlinski Igor E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We augment the method of Wooley (2016) by some new ideas and in a series of results, improve his metric bounds on the Weyl sums and the discrepancy of fractional parts of real polynomials with partially prescribed coefficients. We also extend these results and ideas to principally new and very general settings of arbitrary orthogonal projections of the vectors of the coefficients $(u_1, \ldots , u_d)$ onto a lower-dimensional subspace. This new point of view has an additional advantage of yielding an upper bound on the Hausdorff dimension of sets of large Weyl sums. Among other technical innovations, we also introduce a “self-improving” approach, which leads to an infinite series of monotonically decreasing bounds, converging to our final result.
Factorizable Maps and Traces on the Universal Free Product of Matrix Algebras
Authors: Musat Magdalena , Rørdam Mikael 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We relate factorizable quantum channels on $M_n({\mathbb{C}})$, for $n \ge 2$, via their Choi matrix, to certain matrices of correlations, which, in turn, are shown to be parametrized by traces on the unital free product $M_n({\mathbb{C}}) \ast _{\mathbb{C}} M_n({\mathbb{C}})$. Factorizable maps with a finite dimensional ancilla are parametrized by finite dimensional traces on $M_n({\mathbb{C}}) \ast _{\mathbb{C}} M_n({\mathbb{C}})$, and factorizable maps that approximately factor through finite dimensional $C^\ast $-algebras are parametrized by traces in the closure of the finite dimensional ones. The latter set of traces is shown to be equal to the set of hyperlinear traces on $M_n({\mathbb{C}}) \ast _{\mathbb{C}} M_n({\mathbb{C}})$. We finally show that each metrizable Choquet simplex is a face of the simplex of tracial states on $M_n({\mathbb{C}}) \ast _{\mathbb{C}} M_n({\mathbb{C}})$.
Claridge's Hotel puts out registration of trade mark by candle maker Claridge Candles
Authors: Shaw John 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Claridge's Hotel Limited v (1) Claridge Candles Limited (2) Denise Shepherd [2019] EWHC 2003 (IPEC), Claim No: IP-2018-000160, 29 July 2019
Claridge's Hotel was successful in its claim to prevent the sale of CLARIDGE branded candles.
Refugees Hosting Other Refugees: Endurance and Maintenance of Care in Ouzaii (Lebanon)
Authors: Yassine Batoul , Al-Harithy Howayda , Boano Camillo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article examines the socio-spatial mechanisms that emerge when refugees host other refugees. It argues that there is an underlying social infrastructure of care that impacts the refugees’ choice of destinations and modes of survival. When refugees host other refugees from close networks of relatives and neighbours, they create their own spatial clusters. In the process, the social infrastructure of care offers one mode of security to vulnerable refugees. Care as a concept and an approach is related to ideas of endurance and maintenance. It facilitates multiple dimensions, from space, to affection and to the everyday. It is able to reconfigure a life possible, life-enduring and a life meaningful in an urban setting. We focus on Ouzaii in Beirut, Lebanon. Ouzaii has been a destination for multiple displaced groups over different periods of time. Ouzaii currently hosts an approximate 10,000 Syrian refugees. They chose Ouzaii as their destination after they were helped by existing refugees who offered shelter and access to jobs. The resultant socio-spatial practices, flourishing businesses and leisurely facilities are evidence of successful social networks that form an infrastructure of care. They also play a role in the reconstitution of Ouzaii itself.
We conclude with reflections on how urban informality may offer refugees an alternative right to the city while allowing them to escape the gaze of the humanitarian-aid apparatus that can signify their vulnerability by reducing them to only being aid recipients. Instead, they form protective socio-spatial networks that have proved to be powerful in sustaining their livelihoods, guarding them from possible social discrimination or political threats.
78. Oral Norovirus Vaccination in Humans Induces Plasmablast B-Cell Expansion and Follicular T-Cell Activation Comparable to Natural Infection
Authors: Mateo Roberto , Lin Karen , Kolhatkar Nikita , Taylor David , Garg Shaily , Tucker Sean 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Norovirus (NoV) is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis, but no vaccines are currently licensed. Vaxart is developing an oral tableted NoV vaccine that induces both systemic and mucosal immune responses.

Methods
Two separate clinical studies were conducted to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an oral NoV vaccine and NoV infection. The first study investigated an oral tablet vaccine based on a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing NoV VP1 (rAd-VP1). In the second study, a controlled NoV infection (Norwalk virus) was performed using a strain isolated and purified from an infected subject. Serum and PBMCs were collected pre- and post-immunization/infection. Serum immune responses were assessed using IgG/IgA ELISAs and blocking titer (BT50) assays. Cellular immune responses were evaluated using antibody-secreting cell (ASC) assays to quantitate norovirus-specific B cells. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the phenotype of circulating B and T cells.

Results
The rAd-VP1 vaccine was well tolerated whereas most subjects (56%) in the controlled infection study had significant gastroenteritis 2–4 days post-inoculation. Subjects in cohorts vaccinated 28 days apart with 1 × 1010 or 1 × 1011 IUs showed the highest rises in serum IgG and IgA titers compared with those immunized 2 or 7 days apart with a 1 × 1010 IU vaccine dose. Subjects in the 1 × 1011 IU vaccine dose cohort had a 6-fold rise in serum IgA and 4-fold rise in BT50 titers, with mean IgA and IgG ASC values of 698 and 389 counts, respectively. In comparison, NoV-challenged subjects showed an average of 2,072 IgA and 886 IgG ASC counts. Remarkably, flow cytometry analysis revealed that activated B- and T-cell responses were similar post-vaccination and post-infection, with significant expansion of T follicular cells, plasmablasts, mucosal homing B cells, and preferential activation of IgA B cells.

Conclusion
The phenotype of activated B and T cells induced post-immunization was similar to that induced post-infection, suggesting that an oral vaccine can induce comparable adaptive immune responses without the substantial adverse clinical events that occur from natural infection. Future work in dose ranging will aide in the development of a safe and efficacious oral NoV vaccine.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported Disclosures.
81. Azithromycin-Nonsusceptible Salmonella Newport Infections Associated with Mexican-style Soft Cheese and Beef—the United States, 2018–2019
Authors: Plumb Ian D , Tecle Selam , Schwensohn Colin , Schneider Zachary , Gieraltowski Laura , Freiman Jennifer , Cote Andrea , Noveroske Douglas , Dessai Uday , Jain Seema , Brandenburg Joshua , Chen Jessica , Tagg Kaitlin A , Bumpus-White Porscha , Shah Hazel , Francois Watkins Louise , Francois Watkins Louise , Wise Matthew E , Friedman Cindy R , Friedman Cindy R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Azithromycin is a recommended oral agent for treating nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS), when antibiotics are indicated. Azithromycin nonsusceptibility among NTS is <1% in the United States. CDC, FSIS, and state health departments investigated an outbreak of azithromycin-nonsusceptible Salmonella serotype Newport infections to determine sources.

Methods
We classified isolates as the outbreak strain if they were within 11 alleles by core genome multilocus sequence typing. We defined a case as infection with the outbreak strain during June 2018–February 2019. After stratifying by gender and ethnicity, we compared food exposures ≤7 days before illness onset with those reported by healthy persons in the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network population survey (2006–2007). We used broth microdilution to determine antimicrobial susceptibility.

Results
We identified 218 case patients from 31 states; 49 of 176 (28%) were hospitalized and 2 died. Overall, 65% (121/187) were Hispanic, and 41% (70/169) visited Mexico in the 7 days before illness onset. Among travelers to Mexico, 71% (23/32) reported eating Mexican-style soft cheese; 16/23 (70%) recalled obtaining the cheese in Mexico. Among nontravelers, the proportion who ate Mexican-style soft cheese (30%, 18/60) was similar to that reported by healthy persons, whereas the proportion who consumed beef (91%, 60/66) was higher than reported by healthy persons (P = 0.04). The outbreak strain was detected in a sample of soft cheese obtained in Mexico, and in a cecal sample from a steer and a beef sample that was collected at FSIS-regulated establishments in the United States. Isolates were resistant to ampicillin and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, nonsusceptible to azithromycin, and showed decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.

Conclusion
This is the first documented outbreak of azithromycin-nonsusceptible Salmonella infections in the United States. Two food vehicles—soft cheese obtained in Mexico, and beef obtained in the United States—were epidemiologically and genetically associated with this outbreak. Further investigation is warranted to determine the routes of entry, prevalence, and spread of azithromycin-nonsusceptible Salmonella in US and Mexican cattle.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported Disclosures.
90. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Metastatic Melanoma Patients Resistant to Anti-PD-1 Treatment
Authors: Youngster Ilan , Baruch Erez , Katz Lior , Lahat Adi , Brosh-Nissimov Tal , Schachter Jacob , Koren Omry , Markel Gal , Boursi Ben 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Most metastatic melanoma patients treated with Programed cell Death (PD)-1 blockers fail to achieve a durable response. The gut microbiota profoundly affects host immunity, and fecal microbiota transplantations (FMT) have been shown to enhance anti-PD-1 effectiveness in murine models. We report initial safety and efficacy results from the first patients treated in a Phase I study of FMT and re-induction anti-PD-1 therapy in anti-PD-1 refractory metastatic melanoma.

Methods
FMT donors were two metastatic melanoma patients who achieved a durable complete response to treatment. FMT recipients were metastatic melanoma patients who failed at least one anti-PD-1 line of treatment. FMT was conducted by both colonoscopic and oral administration, followed by anti-PD-1 re-treatment. Each recipient underwent pre- and post-treatment stool sampling, tissue biopsy of both gut and tumor, and total body imaging.

Results
Five patients with treatment-resistant metastatic melanoma were recruited. No FMT-related or immunotherapy-related adverse events were observed. To assess engraftment of the new microbiota, recipients were paired with their respective donors and stool 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis was performed. Sequencing results demonstrated post-FMT compositional dissimilarity (Unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.04, FDR q = 0.22) between the two recipient–donor groups. Specific taxonomic dynamics included post-FMT increased abundance of Paraprevotellaceae, previously associated in descriptive studies with responsiveness to treatment, and significant reductions in abundance of β-proteobacteria, previously associated with reduced response to treatment. Immunohistochemical stains of biopsies demonstrated an increased post-FMT infiltration of antigen presenting cells (CD68+) in the gut (paired T-test, P = 0.008) and in the tumor (P = 0.0076). Post-treatment intra-tumoral CD8+ T-cell infiltration was also increased. Three patients had a partial or complete response to treatment post-FMT.

Conclusion
FMT in metastatic melanoma patients seems to be safe and may alter recipient gut microbiota to resemble that of a responder donor. This alteration may result in intra-tumoral T-cell activity, and conferred clinical and radiological benefit in several recipients previously unresponsive to treatment.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported Disclosures.
92. Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection among Hospitalized Adults, 2017–2019
Authors: Branche Angela , Saiman Lisa , Walsh Edward E , Falsey Ann R , Sieling William , Oberhardt Matthew , Zachariah Philip , Greendyke William G , Barrett Angela , Vargas Celibell , Alba Luis , Phillips Matthew R , Finelli Lyn 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been increasingly recognized as an important cause of acute respiratory illness (ARI) and a trigger for exacerbation of underlying cardiopulmonary disease in adults. Incidence of hospitalized RSV infection remains uncertain as adults have not been systematically screened. Previous incidence estimates, derived primarily from modeling studies, have ranged from 84 to 190/100K population in adults >65 years of age. Accurate burden data are critical to inform RSV vaccine development for adults. We used active surveillance among hospitalized adults to determine population-based incidence rates of RSV infection.

Methods
Hospitalized adults ≥ 18 years old residing in the surveillance area with >2 ARI symptoms or exacerbation of underlying cardiopulmonary disease were screened for eligibility during October 2017–April 2018 and October 2018 to April 2019 in 3 hospitals in Rochester, NY and New York City. Respiratory specimens were tested for RSV using PCR assays. RSV incidence per 100,000 persons (per 2010 US Census data) was adjusted by percent market share for study hospitals in their catchment area.

Results
In total, 8,217 hospitalized adults residing in the surveillance area that met the surveillance case definition were tested for RSV; 768 (9.4%) were positive. Adults were aged 18–49 (12%), 50–64 (30%), and ≥65 years old (58%); 55% were female. RSV infection incidence varied from year 1 to year 2 and was highest in patients aged ≥65 years old (table).

Conclusion
This is the largest prospective RSV incidence study to date. Preliminary results indicate that the incidence of RSV infection may be higher than previously reported, especially in urban-dwelling adults >65 years of age. Results confirm the need for vaccines to prevent RSV infections in older adults.

Disclosures
All Authors: No reported Disclosures.