bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of bariatric endoscopic procedures in the treatment of morbid obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Jung Sung Hoon , Yoon Jai Hoon , Choi Hyuk Soon , Nam Seung-Joo , Kim Kyoung Oh , Kim Do Hoon , Kim Jung-Wook , Sohn Won , Hyun Yil Sik , Park Chan Hyuk , Lee Hang Lak ,   for the Korean Research Group for Endoscopic Management of Metabolic Disorder and Obesity
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground The comparative efficacy of bariatric endoscopic procedures has not been completely elucidated. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of bariatric endoscopic procedures.Methods We searched for randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of bariatric endoscopic procedures, including the use of an intragastric balloon, duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL), aspiration therapy, primary obesity surgery endoluminal (POSE) procedure, and botulinum toxin injection to the stomach. Network meta-analyses were performed to determine the percentage of weight loss (%weight loss) and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL).Results 22 studies with 2141 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Most endoscopic procedures showed superior efficacy in terms of %weight loss compared with the control (mean difference [MD] [95 % confidence interval (CI)]: aspiration therapy 10.4 % [7.0 % to 13.7 %]; fluid-filled balloon 5.3 % [3.4 % to 7.2 %]; POSE 4.9 % [1.7 % to 8.2 %]; and DJBL 4.5 % [1.4 % to 7.7 %]). In terms of %EWL, aspiration therapy, fluid-filled balloon, POSE, and DJBL were superior to the control (MD [95 %CI]: 27.3 % [15.3 % to 39.3 %]; 22.4 % [15.4 % to 29.4 %]; 15.3 % [2.5 % to 28.0 %]; and 13.0 % [4.9 % to 21.2], respectively). The gas-filled balloon and botulinum toxin injection did not show a significant difference in %weight loss or %EWL compared with the control. For the fluid-filled balloon, the %EWL and %weight loss tended to decrease after balloon removal at 6 months after the procedure.Conclusion All bariatric endoscopic procedures, except for gas-filled balloon and botulinum toxin injection to the stomach, showed superior short-term efficacy in terms of %weight loss or %EWL compared with lifestyle modification.
Effektivität und Verbesserungspotenziale von „Reha vor Pflege“: Ergebnisse einer Befragung
Authors: Haering Alexander , Heger Dörte , Korfhage Thorben 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungAls zentraler präventiver Mechanismus im Umgang mit Pflegebedürftigkeit ist im deutschen Sozialgesetzbuch der Grundsatz „Reha vor Pflege“ festgelegt (§ 31 SGB XI). Ziel dieses Grundsatzes ist die Überwindung, Minderung oder das Entgegenwirken einer Verschlimmerung von Pflegebedürftigkeit.
Zielsetzung Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, die Wirksamkeit von geriatrischer Rehabilitation zur Reduzierung von Pflegebedarfen zu untersuchen und Verbesserungspotenziale bei der Gestaltung von geriatrischen Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen aufzuzeigen.
Methodik Grundlage der Analyse ist eine Befragung von Experten für geriatrische Rehabilitation aus Praxis und Wissenschaft.
Ergebnisse Unsere Auswertung legt nahe, dass das hohe Potenzial von geriatrischer Rehabilitation bisher nicht voll ausgeschöpft wird. Häufig werden die Maßnahmen zu spät eingeleitet und sind zu wenig auf die Bedürfnisse älterer Menschen zugeschnitten.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse legen nahen, dass der Eintritt in die Pflegbedürftigkeit durch ein besseres System zur Früherkennung von Pflegebedarfen und der Ausweitung des Angebots mobiler geriatrischer Rehabilitation in vielen Fällen verhindert, verschoben oder abgeschwächt werden könnte.
Avaliação pós-operatória de pacientes submetidos a reparo artroscópico de instabilidade anterior do ombro
Authors: Storti Thiago Medeiros , Lima Renato de Almeida , Costa Eloíse de Barros e Silva , Simionatto João Eduardo , Simionatto Carolina , Paniago Alexandre Firmino 
Published: April 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar clinicamente os resultados de pacientes submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico artroscópico de instabilidade anterior do ombro.
Métodos Estudo retrospectivo de 94 pacientes. Com seguimento mínimo de 24 meses, buscamos correlacionar as características dos pacientes e da cirurgia, como idade, gênero, tipo de lesão (traumática ou atraumática) e posição do paciente na cirurgia (decúbito lateral e cadeira de praia) com os resultados obtidos, avaliando o índice de recidivas de luxação, a perda de rotação lateral, a dor residual, e os escores funcionais de Carter-Rowe, da University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) e de Constant-Murley.
Resultados Observamos uma taxa de recidiva de luxação de 11,7%, perda de rotação lateral em 37,23% dos pacientes, e algum grau de dor residual em 51,6%. Obtivemos uma pontuação média no escore de Carter Rowe de 85,37, representando 86% de resultados bons/excelentes. No escore da UCLA, obtivemos 88% de resultados bons/excelentes, índice semelhante aos encontrados no escore de Constant-Murley (86%).
Conclusão O tratamento artroscópico da instabilidade anterior do ombro apresenta resultados satisfatórios e baixo índice de complicações importantes, podendo ser o método de escolha para a maioria dos pacientes.
Avaliação radiográfica dos pacientes submetidos a fixação percutânea com parafuso maciço para tratamento de fraturas da extremidade distal do radio
Authors: Gaibor Gonzalo Guamán , Thomaz Leonardo Dalla Giacomassa Rocha , Borges Cristian Stein , Ruschel Paulo Henrique , Pignataro Milton Bernardes 
Published: April 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Apresentar o resultado das avaliações radiográficas dos pacientes com fraturas extra-articulares do rádio distal submetidos a fixação percutânea com parafuso maciço de 3.5mm.
Métodos Série de casos, analítica, descritiva e retrospectiva de 16 pacientes com avaliação dos parâmetros radiográficos da técnica utilizada.
Resultados A média de idade da população estudada foi de 46,5 anos (25–60 anos), sendo 81,25% do sexo feminino. O tempo de espera até a cirurgia foi de 8,8 dias (4–14 dias). O tilt volar médio pré-procedimento foi - 7,41° (−23,48°–5,29°, desvio padrão [DP] ± 6,59°). O tilt volar imediatamente após o procedimento cirúrgico foi de 5,93° (DP ± 6,23°, p < 0,001). Sem diferença estatística nos valores de tilt volar ao final de 6 meses de evolução. A altura radial pré-procedimento foi de 4,13 mm (−7,8°–9,5°, DP ± 5,06°). Aumento estatisticamente significativo no pós-operatório imediato para 10,04 mm (p = 0,002). Redução significativa ao final de 6 meses para 9,55 mm (p = 0,012). Atingimos 100% de consolidação com a técnica utilizada, com índice mínimo de complicações. Nenhum paciente apresentou infecção ou precisou ser reoperado.
Conclusão A técnica mostrou-se eficaz para o tratamento de fraturas extra-articulares da extremidade distal do rádio ao final de 6 meses, com baixo índice de complicações e parâmetros radiográficos aceitáveis e próximos dos valores anatômicos.
Urothelial Papilloma of the Urinary Bladder in Children: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Davidovics Kata , Davidovics Sandor , Farkas Andras , Benedek Noemi , Tornoczki Tamas , Kardos Daniel , Davidovics Anna , Vajda Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUrothelial neoplasms of the bladder (UNB) are considerably rare throughout the pediatric population. UNB develops from the urothelial tissue in the form of a benign disease, generally favoring a successful prognosis in the majority of cases. The authors present the diagnosis and treatment regarding two medical case reports in which urothelial papilloma was diagnosed and effectively treated. Case 1: A 15-year-old male patient was presented to our clinic complaining of a painless yet distinctive, macroscopic form of hematuria. Following a routine examination, which included ultrasound (US) and intravenous pyelography, the urethrocystoscopy revealed an intravesical solitary lesion positioned in the vicinity of the left ureteral orifice. Additionally, histology confirmed urothelial papilloma. During the follow-up, laboratory, urinary control tests, and US results all proved negative. Case 2: A 13-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic and examined, in regard to complaints associated with recurrent abdominal pain. The pathology was discovered incidentally on abdominal US. Preoperative US and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies ensued, resulting in a scheduled MRI, followed by urethrocystoscopy, which confirmed an intravesical solitary lesion positioned near the right ureteral orifice. Histology revealed urothelial papilloma. During the follow-up control cystoscopy, one resection was repeated due to the presence of a residual tumor. Today, 10 years since the presence of uroepithelial papilloma, both patients are asymptomatic and tumor-free. If there is likely suspicion of recurrence, cystoscopy is recommended.
Pronator Quadratus to Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Nerve Transfer in C5–C7 or C5–C8 Brachial Plexus Injuries for Independent Wrist Extension
Authors: Bhatia Anil , Salama Mahmoud 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Patients with lesions affecting C7 and C8 roots (in addition to C56) demonstrate loss of independent wrist dorsiflexion in addition to loss of shoulder abduction and elbow flexion. Traditionally, this deficit has been addressed using tendon transfers after useful function at the shoulder and elbow has been restored by primary nerve surgery. Confidence with nerve transfer techniques has prompted attempts to replace this method by incorporating procedures for wrist dorsiflexion in the primary operation itself.
Aim The objective of this study was to report the results of pronator quadratus motor branch transfers to the extensor carpi radialis brevis motor branch to reconstruct wrist extension in C5–C8 root lesions of the brachial plexus.
Patients and Methods Twenty-three patients, average age 30 years, with C5–8 root injuries underwent operations an average of 4.7 months after their accident. Extrinsic extension of the fingers and thumb was weak or absent in two cases while the remaining 18 patients could open their hand actively. The patients lacked independent wrist extension when they were examined with the fingers flexed as the compensatory action of the extrinsic finger extensors was removed. The average follow-up was 21 months postoperative with the minimal follow-up period was at least 12 months.
Results Successful reinnervations of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) were demonstrated in all patients. In 17 patients, wrist extension scored M4, and in 3 patients it scored M3.
Conclusions The pronator quadratus (PQ) to ECRB nerve transfer in C5–C7 or C5–C8 brachial plexus injuries for independent wrist extension reconstruction gives consistently good results with minimal donor morbidity.
MRI Pattern of Various Cochlear Implant Electrodes In Vivo
Authors: Sudhoff Holger , Riemann Conrad , Gehl Hans Björn , Todt Ingo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction Recent developments regarding cochlear implant magnets (e.g., a bipolar diametral magnet) and refined surgical technique (e.g., implant positioning) have made a significant impact on the relation between a cochlear implant and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI scanning has changed from a contraindication to a diagnostic tool. For the first time, a pain-free in vivo evaluation of the cochlea’s fluid state, following the insertion of an electrode, has become possible via MRI scanning. The aim of this study was to evaluate various cochlear implant electrodes’ MRI-specific patterns.
Materials and Methods In a retrospective study, we evaluated the MRI pattern of casting iron (CI) electrodes in a 3T T2 turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence after a surgery with Medel Flex 28, Flex 24, AB HFMS, and MRI at 1.5 T T2 TSE with the Oticon EVO array.
Results A generally different axial MRI pattern between the “lateral wall” electrodes and the “modiolar” electrodes at the basal turn could be observed. A difference in terms of electrode length/insertion depth could not be found at the present scan resolution. Electrode contacts have an impact on the MRI signal-diminishing pattern.
Conclusion At T2 sequences, an electrode design-specific MRI pattern can be observed.
Simultaneous Bilateral Facial Nerve Paralysis in a 4-Year-Old Child: A Rare Occurrence
Authors: Mehta Madhuri , Gupta Vani Krishana , Pandurangi Aniketh , Mehta Navroz 
Published: April 2020

AbstractParalysis of the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) is a relatively uncommon entity in children. It not only results in weakness of the facial musculature affecting the facial expressions, eye closure, and oral competence, but also causes psychological and emotional trauma to the child and parents. Unilateral palsy is usually idiopathic, whereas bilateral palsy usually has an underlying cause. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl who presented to us with simultaneous facial nerve paralysis where the second side was involved within 7 days of the first, before its complete resolution. Evaluation of the patient and the possible etiologies of bilateral facial palsy have been discussed further.
Expanding Role of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: Timely Diagnosis and Treatment Initiation in Partial Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency
Authors: Sen Kuntal , Castillo Pinto Carlos , Gropman Andrea L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report the case of a 3-year-old male patient who presented with a 3-day history of altered mental status, emesis, and abdominal pain in the setting of a viral illness. A rapid screening revealed a high ammonia level and after reviewing his proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) which showed the classic triad of high glutamate, low choline, and myoinositol, a diagnosis of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) was made within 6 hours of presentation. Therapy with sodium phenylbutyrate and sodium benzoate was initiated and patient was discharged after 3 days with no neurologic disability. Biochemical and molecular testing eventually confirmed the diagnosis. 1H MRS is a practical and fast neuroimaging modality that can aid in diagnosis of OTCD and enables faster initiation of treatment in acute settings.
A Case Report of Idiopathic Ketotic Hypoglycemia Masquerading as Epilepsy
Authors: Dudipala Sai Chandar , Battu Krishna Chaithanya , Mandapuram Prashanthi , Ch Laxman Kumar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIdiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia (IKH) is characterized by recurrent neurohypoglycemic symptoms with ketosis. Hypoglycemic episodes typically occur during early mornings, especially either with illness and/or prolonged fasting. We reported a case of IKH which presented with recurrent episodes of seizures during early morning with intercurrent illness and which was labeled as epilepsy and started on antiepileptic medication. The purpose of this case report is to alert clinicians about this condition, which is not an uncommon entity, but rarely thought of. Therefore, in view of keeping the IKH in mind, which can be prevented with proper diet advice during illness, unnecessary long-term antiepileptic therapy can be avoided.
Hemolysis due to Alpha-Hemolytic Enterococcus Urinary Infection: A Rare Cause of Early and Severe Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia in a Neonate
Authors: Karabulut Birol , Gafil Esin Alpagut 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe reason for reporting this case is to remind that some microorganisms may cause hemolysis leading to early and severe hyperbilirubinemia by secreting hemolysin in cases; where bilirubin levels cannot be successfully decreased despite effective phototherapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, and even exchange transfusion, or in cases of increased rebound bilirubin (although urinary tract infection is associated with increased conjugated bilirubin fraction and prolonged jaundice). The most common causes of hemolysis are ABO/Rh incompatibility and enzyme deficiencies such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), pyruvate kinase (PK), and galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT). Our patient was a male infant, weighing 3,160 g, at 38 + 4 gestational week; he was referred to our unit with total bilirubin level of 14.7 mg/dL recorded at the postnatal 20th hour and was initiated treatment with intensive phototherapy and prepared for exchange transfusion. The G6PD, PK, and GALT enzyme levels studied at the postnatal 96th hour and reducing substances in urine were detected to be normal/negative, whereas complete urinalysis revealed pyuria (7 leukocytes per each high power field). α-hemolysis-producing 105 colony-forming unit/mL Enterobacter cloacae grew on blood agar in the urine culture. As reported in our case, hemolysin-secreting α and β-hemolytic bacteria can lead to severe and early hemolysis and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, as in blood type incompatibility and enzyme deficiencies.
Set-up Errors and Determination of Planning Target Volume Margins Protocol for Different Anatomical Sites in a Newly Established Tertiary Radiotherapy Centre in India
Authors: Mandal Avik , Singh Pritanjali , Bera Soumen , Kumar Avajeet , Singh Dharmendra , Verma Manika , Rakesh Amrita , Sinha Arkaprava 
Published: April 2020

Objective Our study aimed to assess the set-up errors for image-guided radiotherapy at a newly established tertiary radiation center in India and to establish the departmental protocol of clinical target volume–planning target volume (CTV–PTV) margins for different anatomical sites.
Materials and Methods This study enrolled the first 200 patients who were treated with curative intent at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, from February 2019 to September 2019. Number of patients were 53, 26, 53, 11, 6, 47, and 4 for head and neck, brain, breast, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and craniospinal irradiation (CSI), respectively. The translational vectors for total 1,463 kV cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were collected from the treatment record.
Results For the systematic error, the largest value is found for the thoracic subset on the X and Y directions, and for breast patients on Z axis, whereas the smallest values were found for CSI. For random error, the largest value was found for pelvic in the X, Y direction, and for breast subset on Z axis, whereas the smallest values on X and Z axes were found in the brain and for head and neck on the Y axis. Largest value for systemic error is smaller than 5 mm in all directions and for all anatomical subsets. The highest random error value is 5.07 mm in Y axis for pelvic subset. The largest values for CTV–PTV margin are found for thoracic subset and the smallest for CSI followed by the brain. Significant reduction of set-up error observed for the last hundred patients as compared to the first half of the patient population.
Conclusion Use of thermoplastic cast along with breast board and respiratory motion management should be recommended to reduce set-up error for breast and thoracic subset. Six degrees of freedom robotic couch system can also further rectify the set-up error in image-guided radiotherapy.
Single-cell O
2
exchange imaging shows that cytoplasmic diffusion is a dominant barrier to efficient gas transport in red blood cells
Authors: Richardson Sarah L. , Hulikova Alzbeta , Proven Melanie , Hipkiss Ria , Akanni Magbor , Roy Noémi B. A. , Swietach Pawel 
Published: April 2020

Significance
Blood is routinely tested for gas-carrying capacity (total hemoglobin), but this cannot determine the speed at which red blood cells (RBCs) exchange gases. Such information is critical for evaluating the physiological fitness of RBCs, which have very limited capillary transit times (<1 s) for turning over substantial volumes of gas. We developed a method to quantify gas exchange in individual RBCs and used it to show that restricted diffusion, imposed by hemoglobin crowding, is a major barrier to gas flows. Consequently, hematological disorders manifesting a change in cell shape or hemoglobin concentration have uncharted implications on gas exchange, which we illustrate using inherited anemias. With its single-cell resolution, the method can identify physiologically inferior subpopulations, providing a clinically useful appraisal of blood quality.
High-throughput antibody screening from complex matrices using intact protein electrospray mass spectrometry
Authors: Sawyer William S. , Srikumar Neha , Carver Joseph , Chu Phillip Y. , Shen Amy , Xu Ankai , Williams Ambrose J. , Spiess Christoph , Wu Cong , Liu Yichin , Tran John C. 
Published: April 2020

Significance
While electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) provides higher resolution for larger proteins, the conventional liquid chromatography (LC)-MS method suffers from low throughput. Our described RapidFire-MS workflow demonstrated unprecedented screening throughput as fast as 15 s/sample, a 10-fold improvement over conventional LC-MS approaches. The screening enabled selection of clones with the highest purity of bispecific antibody production with intact masses as accurate as 7 ppm with baseline resolution at the glycoform level in samples as complex as plasma sample. The utility of the method can be expanded to many other applications that can exploit the advantages of high-throughput intact protein MS analyses including but not limited to pharmacokinetic analyses, enzymatic screening, biotransformation characterization, and quality control screening.
Quasi-Fermi level splitting in nanoscale junctions from ab initio
Authors: Lee Juho , Yeo Hyeonwoo , Kim Yong-Hoon 
Published: April 2020

SignificanceA universal feature of semiconductor devices is that the functional channel region is driven out of equilibrium, or formally it cannot be characterized by one global Fermi level. Naturally, the concept of quasi-Fermi (imref) levels (QFLs) and their splitting was introduced, and it has now become a standard theoretical tool to describe finite-bias nonequilibrium operations of semiconductor devices. However, after 70 years from its inception by Shockley, the first-principles calculation of QFLs still remains to be achieved. Applying a recently developed ab initio approach, we herein calculate the QFLs in molecular junctions and particularly for a conducting single-molecule junction establish the correlations among the splitting of QFLs, nonlinear electrostatic potential drop, and asymmetric Landauer residual-resistivity dipole distribution.
On the oscillations and future asymptotics of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type III cosmologies with a massive scalar field*
Authors: Fajman David , Heißel Gernot , Maliborski Maciej 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We analyse spatially homogenous cosmological models of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type III with a massive scalar field as matter model. Our main result concerns the future asymptotics of these spacetimes and gives the dominant time behaviour of the metric and the scalar field for all solutions for late times. This metric is forever expanding in all directions, however, in one spatial direction only at a logarithmic rate, while at a power-law rate in the other two. Although the energy density goes to zero, it is matter dominated in the sense that the metric components differ qualitatively from the corresponding vacuum future asymptotics. Our results rely on a conjecture for which we give strong analytical and numerical support. For this we apply methods from the theory of averaging in nonlinear dynamical systems. This allows us to control the oscillations entering the system through the scalar field by the Klein–Gordon equation in a perturbative approach.