bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mannuronic Acid in Low‐Risk and Intermediate‐1‐Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Ghaderi Afshin , Nodehi Sayyed Reza Safaee , Bakhtiari Tahereh , Aslani Mona , Aghazadeh Zahra , Matsuo Hidenori , Rehm Bernd H. A. , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Mirshafiey Abbas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe discovery of hematologic improvement and bone marrow modification by the drug β‐D mannuronic acid (M2000) during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in phase 1/2/3 clinical trials prompted us to design a new trial to target hematologic deficits in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In this open‐label, randomized phase 2 clinical trial, the potential effect and tolerability of drug M2000 was assessed in patients with low‐ and intermediate‐1‐risk MDS. The primary efficacy end point was hematologic improvement after 12 weeks of β‐D‐mannuronic acid therapy. Among 34 enrolled patients, half received their conventional therapy plus β‐D‐mannuronic acid, and the other half received only conventional drugs. In the conventional + β‐D mannuronic acid treatment group, hematologic improvement and development of transfusion independence and/or reduction in transfusion requirements were seen in 12 patients (92.3%) and 1 patient (7.7%), respectively. Moreover, 5 patients (38.5%), 2 patients (15.4%), and 1 patient (7.7%) in the β‐D‐mannuronic acid‐treated group showed hematologic improvement of the major parameters of erythroid, neutrophil, and platelet responses, respectively, based on the International Working Group criteria), whereas in the conventional treatment group as control, no hematologic improvements including erythroid, neutrophil, and platelet response was seen. In this trial, the addition of β‐D mannuronic acid to conventional treatment showed promising results in MDS patients with low and intermediate‐1 risk with effects on hematologic improvements without significant adverse effect.
Random walk hitting times and effective resistance in sparsely connected Erdős‐Rényi random graphs
Authors: Sylvester John 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe prove a bound on the effective resistance between two vertices of a connected graph which contains a suitably well‐connected subgraph. We apply this bound to the Erdős‐Rényi random graph with , proving that concentrates around , that is, the sum of reciprocal degrees. We also prove expectation and concentration results for the random walk hitting times, Kirchoff index, cover cost, and the random target time (Kemeny's constant) on in the sparsely connected regime .
Long‐range reservoir inflow forecasts using large‐scale climate predictors
Authors: Moradi Amir M. , Dariane Alireza B. , Yang Guang , Block Paul 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIdentifying significant large‐scale climate indicators has the potential to improve long‐range streamflow forecasts. In this research, we develop streamflow forecasts for Lake Urmia basin, Iran, specifically for inflow into the Boukan and Mahabad reservoirs. In doing so, two types of inflow forecast models are considered: a single site univariate model ignoring the cross correlation between streamflow at different stations, and a multi‐site multivariate forecast model which takes into consideration the cross correlations among stations. Predictor selection is performed through a principal component analysis and an adaptive‐network‐based fuzzy inference system is used to forecast streamflow. Forecast performance is investigated by employing different combinations of large‐scale climatic information and hydrologic data. We found that gridded ocean‐atmospheric circulation variables, including surface precipitation rate and omega (pressure vertical velocity), have the highest correlations (about 0.7) with annual streamflow. In general, multivariate models are able to better preserve the annual cross‐correlations between streamflow at different stations, as expected, without sacrificing forecast skill as compared to the univariate forecast model approach. Additionally, as compared with the baseline feed‐forward artificial neural network‐ and traditional multiple linear regression‐forecast models, the results were approximately the same. This similarity in the forecast performance between the linear and nonlinear models is likely due to the short of data (44‐sample record).
Environmental and Psychological Factors that Influence the Creative Excellence of Brazilian and Portuguese Women
Authors: Mundim Maria Célia Bruno , Wechsler Solange Muglia , Morais Maria de Fátima 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere is increasing recognition of the importance of creativity for social development. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were differences among Brazilian and Portuguese women recognized for their creative excellence in relation to the psychological and environmental factors that might impact their achievements. The sample was composed of 33 women; 18 who were socially recognized for excellence in creativity in different areas (nine Brazilian, nine Portuguese) were compared to 15 who were not recognized (nine Brazilian, six Portuguese). The instruments used were the Biographical Questionnaire of Creative Women, a semi‐structured interview guide, and the Creative Production Analysis Guide. Non‐parametric tests indicated significant differences in environmental factors and personal cognitive characteristics between the creative and non‐creative women when compared within each country. However, no significant differences among Brazilian and Portuguese creative women were found, thus indicating that they present similar psychological profiles.
Pure rotational coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy of nitric oxide: Determination of Raman tensor invariants
Authors: Satija Aman , Chai Ning , Arendt Michael T. , Lucht Robert P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCoherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) measurements of the pure rotational Raman spectrum of nitric oxide were performed. Measurements were performed in a room‐temperature gas cell using a dual‐broadband pure rotational CARS configuration. In this configuration, a broadband dye laser was used to generate the pump and Stokes beams, and the 355‐nm third‐harmonic beam from a Nd:YAG laser was used as the probe beam. The Raman spectrum of NO is of significant theoretical interest because of the spin splitting in the ground electronic level of NO. A detailed model of the pure rotational Raman spectrum of NO was developed based on an irreducible tensor analysis using Hund's case (a) wave functions as basis states for the analysis. The pure rotational Raman polarizability tensor element
in the molecular frame was determined for NO based on fitting pure rotational CARS spectra of mixtures of NO and nitrogen (N2). In addition to the pure rotational CARS spectrum featuring 2Π1/2→2Π1/2 and 2Π3/2→2Π3/2 transitions, there is an electronic Raman transition at 121 cm−1 between the spin split 2Π1/2 and 2Π3/2 ground electronic levels that has been the subject of previous theoretical interest, but the value of the tensor invariant
that contributes to the intensity of the electronic Raman transitions has not been quantitatively determined. Analysis of our pure rotational CARS spectra indicates that the magnitude of this term is much smaller than indicated in previous work, but the analysis is complicated by the weakness of the electronic Raman transitions compared with pure rotational transitions in the same spectral region. Future experiments to more definitively determine the magnitude and sign of the
polarizability tensor element are proposed.
Comparing machine and human reviewers to evaluate the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials
Authors: Armijo‐Olivo Susan , Craig Rodger , Campbell Sandy 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundEvidence from new health technologies is growing, along with demands for evidence to inform policy decisions, creating challenges in completing health technology assessments (HTAs)/systematic reviews (SRs) in a timely manner. Software can decrease the time and burden by automating the process, but evidence validating such software is limited. We tested the accuracy of RobotReviewer, a semi‐autonomous risk of bias (RoB) assessment tool, and its agreement with human reviewers.MethodsTwo reviewers independently conducted RoB assessments on a sample of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and their consensus ratings were compared with those generated by RobotReviewer. Agreement with the human reviewers was assessed using percent agreement and weighted kappa (κ). The accuracy of RobotReviewer was also assessed by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve in comparison to the consensus agreement of the human reviewers.ResultsThe study included 372 RCTs. Inter‐rater reliability ranged from κ = −0.06 (no agreement) for blinding of participants and personnel to κ = 0.62 (good agreement) for random sequence generation (excluding overall RoB). RobotReviewer was found to use a high percentage of “irrelevant supporting quotations” to complement RoB assessments for blinding of participants and personnel (72.6%), blinding of outcome assessment (70.4%), and allocation concealment (54.3%).ConclusionRobotReviewer can help with risk of bias assessment of RCTs but cannot replace human evaluations. Thus, reviewers should check and validate RoB assessments from RobotReviewer by consulting the original article when not relevant supporting quotations are provided by RobotReviewer. This consultation is in line with the recommendation provided by the developers.
Use of mineral multi‐elemental analysis to authenticate geographical origin of different cultivars of tea in Guizhou, China
Authors: Zhang Jian , Yang Ruidong , Li Yuncong C , Wen Xuefeng , Peng Yishu , Ni Xinran 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe geographical origin of tea (Camellia sinensis) can be traced using mineral elements in its leaves as fingerprints. However, the role that could be played by soil mineral elements in the geographical authentication of tea leaves has been unclear. In this study, 22 mineral elements in 73 pairs of tea leaves and soils from three regions (Pu'an, Duyun, and Liping) in Guizhou, China, were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES). The mineral element concentrations were processed by multivariate statistical analysis, including one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and stepwise linear discriminant analysis (S‐LDA).RESULTSBased on a one‐way ANOVA, tea leaves and soils with different origins possessed unique mineral element fingerprints. Sixteen mineral element concentrations in tea leaves were significantly correlated with those in soils (P < 0.05). The geographical origins of tea leaves were effectively differentiated using the 16 correlated mineral elements combined with PCA. The S‐LDA model offered a 100% differentiation rate, and six indicative elements (phosphorus, Sr, U, Pb, Cd, and Cr) were selected as important fingerprinting markers for the geographic traceability of tea leaves. The accurate discrimination rate of geographical origin was unaffected by the cultivars of tea in the S‐LDA model.CONCLUSIONSMineral elements in soils played an important role in the geographical authentication of tea leaves. Mineral elemental concentrations with significant correlations between tea leaves and soils could be robust, and could be used to trace the geographical origins of tea leaves. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
The Relationship Between Cisplatin‐related and Age‐related Hearing Loss During an Extended Follow‐up
Authors: Skalleberg Jakob , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Oldenburg Jan , Osnes Terje , Fosså Sophie D. , Bunne Marie 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesCisplatin‐related hearing loss (HL) is claimed to progress after treatment. This controlled longitudinal study with extended follow‐up investigates HL in testicular cancer survivors (TCSs) after cisplatin‐based chemotherapy (CBCT).Study DesignControlled longitudinal study.MethodsEighty‐two TCSs treated with CBCT between 1980 and 1994 in Norway participated in two surveys (S1/S3), including pure‐tone audiograms (0.125–8 kHz) and self‐reported HL, 12 and 31 years after treatment, respectively. Hearing thresholds were age‐adjusted based on age‐matched hearing thresholds from the general population (controls). Hearing loss was defined as thresholds >20 dB at any frequency.ResultsBetween the two surveys, the prevalence of high‐frequency HL (4, 6, and 8 kHz) increased from 73% to 94% but approached those of the aging general population after age adjustment. In TCSs aged >40 years at first survey, HL at the subsequent survey equaled that of controls. Self‐reported HL increased from seven (9%) at S1 to 20 (26%) at S3. At S1, age‐adjusted HL was identified in all (seven) TCSs reporting decreased hearing whereas at S3, hearing thresholds did not differ from controls in seven out of 20 patients reporting HL.ConclusionCBCT‐related ototoxicity causes high‐frequency HL, but in contrast to reports from follow‐up studies from the first post‐treatment decade, no major progression was found beyond the first post‐treatment decade for frequencies 0.125–8 kHz. Importantly, with extended follow‐up, hearing thresholds of patients approach those of the general population, possibly due to a less‐than‐additive effect with age‐related hearing loss (ARHL) in CBCT‐treated patients. Age‐and sex‐matching is strongly advised in long‐term follow‐up of CBCT‐related ototoxicity. Specificity for detecting ototoxicity with self‐reported questionnaires decreases with extended follow‐up.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 130:E515–E523, 2020
Trust as a Predictor of Patient Perceptions Regarding Overlapping Surgery and Trainee Independence
Authors: Langerman Alexander , Brelsford Kathleen M. , Diehl Carolyn J. , Harris Coleman R. , Stewart Thomas G. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesTo examine opinions on trainee independence and attending presence among a cross‐section of the general population and explore how perceptions of trust, past experiences, and demographics interacted with comfort consenting to these surgical scenarios.Study DesignMixed‐methodsMethodsBased on prior qualitative analysis, we designed a survey of patient preferences and values that focused on trust in healthcare practitioners and processes, which also included comfort ratings of three surgical scenarios (including overlapping surgery). The survey was administered to a sample from the general public using Mechanical Turk. We identified discreet domains of trust and examined the association of responses to these domains with comfort ratings, prior healthcare experiences, and demographics.ResultsWe analyzed 225 surveys and identified four patient subgroups based on responses to the surgical scenarios. Subjects that were more comfortable with overlapping surgery were more trusting of trainees and delegation by the attending. Past experiences in healthcare (positive and negative) were associated with multiple domains of trust (in trainees, surgeons, and the healthcare system). Demographics were not predictive of trust responses or comfort ratings.ConclusionPatients express varying degrees of comfort with overlapping surgery, and this is not associated with demographics. Past negative experiences have an impact on trust in the healthcare system overall, and trust in trainees specifically predicts comfort with attending absence from the operating room. Efforts to increase patient comfort with overlapping surgery and surgical training should include strategies to address past negative experiences and foster trust in trainees and the delegation process.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 130:2728–2735, 2020
Cochlear Implantation in Children with Single‐Sided Deafness
Authors: Deep Nicholas L. , Gordon Steven A. , Shapiro William H. , Waltzman Susan B. , Roland J. Thomas , Friedmann David R. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo describe our experience with children undergoing unilateral cochlear implantation (CI) for treatment of single‐sided deafness (SSD).Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsA retrospective case review from a tertiary referral center involving 14 pediatric patients (<18 years) with SSD who underwent unilateral CI. Speech perception testing in quiet and noise in the CI‐only and bimodal conditions with at least 1 year of device use and device usage from data logs represent the main outcome measures.ResultsThe mean age at CI was 5.0 years (median 4.4, range 1.0–11.8 years). The mean duration of deafness was 3.0 years (median 2.4, range 0.6–7.0 years). Mean follow‐up was 3.4 years. Speech perception testing with a minimum of 1 year post‐CI was available in eight patients. The mean word recognition scores (WRS) in the CI‐only condition was 56%; a significant improvement from baseline. Testing in background noise with spatially separated speech and noise revealed that patients scored as well or better with the CI‐on versus CI‐off in all conditions and in no cases was interference from the CI noted. Data logs were reviewed for device usage which revealed an average use of 6.5 hr/d.ConclusionCochlear implantation is a viable treatment option for pediatric SSD in this self‐selected cohort. Open‐set speech and improvement in background noise can be achieved. Careful patient selection and thorough counseling on expectations is paramount to achieving successful outcomes.Level of EvidenceIV Laryngoscope, 131:E271–E277, 2021
High‐Risk Cutaneous Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck: Risk Factors for Recurrence and Impact of Adjuvant Treatment
Authors: Trosman Samuel J. , Zhu Angela , Nicolli Elizabeth A. , Leibowitz Jason M. , Sargi Zoukaa B. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesThe behavior of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNcSCC) remains poorly understood, with highly variable risk factors and a paucity of data for adjuvant treatment. The objective of our study was to review the oncologic outcomes of patients with high‐risk HNcSCC treated with surgery and to identify risk factors for treatment failure.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsRetrospective review of patients treated for HNcSCC with definitive surgery involving at least parotidectomy and neck dissection at a tertiary care academic center from 2011 to 2017 was conducted. The primary outcome was disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsOne‐hundred four patients with a median age of 68 years (range = 42–91 years) were reviewed. Twenty‐one patients were treated with surgery alone, 45 patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), and 38 patients underwent adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). The 2‐year DFS for patients treated with surgery, surgery + RT, and surgery + CRT were 71%, 65%, and 58%, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups (P = .70). On multivariate analyses, tumor size (P = .006) and perineural invasion (PNI, P = .04) independently predicted recurrence. The addition of chemotherapy did not appear to improve DFS, neither for those patients with extranodal extension and/or positive margins (P = .93) nor for the entire cohort (P = .43).ConclusionsAdvanced HNcSCC has a high recurrence rate despite adjuvant treatment. Tumor size >2 cm was a strong independent risk factor for recurrence. Out of the traditional mucosal HNcSCC risk factors, PNI was most strongly associated with worse DFS. There was no observed survival benefit to the addition of chemotherapy.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 131:E136–E143, 2021
Pediatric Subperiosteal Abscess Secondary to Acute Sinusitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Adil Eelam A. , Muir Molly E. , Kawai Kosuke , Dombrowski Natasha D. , Cunningham Michael J. 
Published: February 2020

Objectives/HypothesisThe surgical versus medical management of subperiosteal abscess can be controversial. The purpose of this study was to summarize current literature and provide pooled analyses to help direct management decisions.Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsPatients <18 years old with subperiosteal abscess secondary to acute sinusitis were reviewed, and a meta‐analysis was conducted. Studies including five or more patients written in English were the primary search focus.ResultsThirty‐eight studies met inclusion criteria for the systematic review, and seven studies contained sufficient data for the meta‐analysis. A total of 1,167 patients between the ages of 10 days and 18 years were included. Eleven sign/symptom categories were identified, with restricted ocular motility (n = 289, 45.9%), proptosis (n = 277, 44%), and fever (n = 223, 35.4%) being most frequent. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen isolated from cultures. Patients with abscess volume greater than the threshold specified in each individual study were over three times more likely to require surgical intervention compared to those with smaller abscess volume (pooled risk ratio [RR] = 3.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.40‐5.44). Proptosis and gaze restriction also significantly predicted surgical intervention (pooled RR = 1.65: 95% CI: 1.29‐2.12 for proptosis/pooled RR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.20‐3.00 for gaze restriction).ConclusionsApproximately half of patients with a subperiosteal abscess undergo surgical drainage. Abscess volume appears to be the most significant predictive risk factor. Detailed data from future studies regarding radiologic and ophthalmologic parameters are needed to provide more definitive values predictive of which patients are likely to fail medical therapy.Level of Evidence2a Laryngoscope, 2020
Neurotoxin injection in benign submandibular gland hypertrophy: A first choice treatment
Authors: Karapantzou Chrisanthi , Jakob Mark , Canis Martin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundVarious benign clinical entities with a symptomatology of hypertrophic submandibular glands like sialadenitis, sialadenosis, sialolithiasis, or an ageing neck have been described. Botulinum toxin type A is an elegant tool in the management of these conditions.MethodsThis article is an original article, describing the Munich Concept of treating persistent submandibular swelling with Botulinum Toxin Type A from aesthetic and functional aspect. To shrink the affected tissue, 15 Units of Botox or Xeomin are applied in a single injection technique and under ultrasound guidance into the glands. Therefore, the 100 Units vial is being diluted with 3.5 of NaCl.ResultsIntraglandular injections, using a specific dilution and dosage of the neurotoxin preparations, are very effective in the management of these swellings, offering safe and long‐lasting results, with a high satisfaction rate. Our working group treated in the last 18 months 23 patients with benign, bilateral submandibular gland hypertrophies, which did not have any major complications.ConclusionAs there is not yet described an ideal therapeutic strategy for the management of this symptomatology, we suggest, based on our experience, a concept with very promising results from functional and cosmetic aspect.