bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychotic Experiences and Schizotypy in Early Adolescence Predict Subsequent Suicidal Ideation Trajectories and Suicide Attempt Outcomes From Age 18 to 38 Years
Authors: O′Hare Kirstie J M , Poulton Richie , Linscott Richard J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Subclinical risk markers for schizophrenia predict suicidality, but little is known about the nature of the relationship. Suicidal ideation is often considered homogenous, but distinguishing passive from active ideation (ie, thoughts of death vs thoughts of killing oneself) and different temporal patterns may further the understanding of risk factors. We tested whether schizotypy and psychotic experiences (PEs) in early adolescence predict subsequent growth trajectories of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt outcomes. Participants were 1037 members of the population-representative Dunedin Study cohort. PE was measured at 11 years and schizotypy at 13 and 15 years. Outcomes were passive and active suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt, measured at 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38 years. Passive ideation was best represented by 2 trajectories, including persistent and transient ideation classes. Schizotypy predicted membership in the smaller persistent class (odds ratio [OR] = 1.21, P = .041), whereas PE was not associated with class membership. The probability of suicide attempts was 13.8% in the persistent ideation class, compared with 1.8% in the transient class. Active ideation was best represented by a 1-class model, the intercept of which was predicted by schizotypy (OR = 1.23, P = .015). Suicide attempts were predicted by schizotypy (OR = 1.53, P = .040) and PE (OR = 3.42, P = .046), and this was partially mediated by indirect effects via the active ideation trajectory. Findings indicate that adolescent schizotypy and PE are related to subsequent suicidal ideation and attempts. Suicidal ideation is heterogeneous, and schizotypy is specifically related to a persistent passive ideation subgroup.
Gender identity and wives’ labor market outcomes in West and East Germany between 1983 and 2016
Authors: Sprengholz Maximilian , Wieber Anna , Holst Elke 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We exploit the natural experiment of German reunification in 1990 to investigate if the institutional regimes of the formerly socialist (rather gender-equal) East Germany and the capitalist (rather gender-traditional) West Germany resulted in differing gender norms regarding who should be the family breadwinner. We use data for three periods between 1983 and 2016 from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Density discontinuity tests and fixed-effects regressions suggest that married couples in West (but not East) Germany diminished the wife’s labor market outcomes in order to avoid situations where she would earn more than him. However, the significance of the male breadwinner norm seems to decline in West Germany since reunification, converging to the more gender egalitarian East Germany. Our work provides evidence that political and institutional frameworks can shape fairly persistent gender identity norms that influence household economic decisions for some time, even when these frameworks change.
Calling Social Work to the Movement for Educational Justice
Authors: Ball Annahita 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe persistent and systemic inequities within the U.S. public education system have grave implications for children’s and youth’s outcomes, yet these inequities go far beyond academics. Marginalized and vulnerable students experience injustices across the educational system, including disproportionality in school discipline, unequal access to advanced courses, and poor conditions for learning. Social work has a solid history of addressing issues that intersect across families, schools, and communities, but the profession has had little engagement in the recent educational justice movement. As educational scholars advance a movement to address educational inequities, it will be increasingly important for social work researchers to provide valuable insight into the multiple components that make up youth development and support positive well-being for all individuals within a democratic society. This article encourages social work researchers to extend lines of inquiry that investigate educational justice issues by situating social work practice and research within educational justice and suggesting an agenda for future social work research that will advance equity for all students.
Fine tuning of hormonal signaling is linked to dormancy status in sweet cherry flower buds
Authors: Vimont Noémie , Schwarzenberg Adrian , Domijan Mirela , Donkpegan Armel S L , Beauvieux Rémi , le Dantec Loïck , Arkoun Mustapha , Jamois Frank , Yvin Jean-Claude , Wigge Philip A , Dirlewanger Elisabeth , Cortijo Sandra , Wenden Bénédicte 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In temperate trees, optimal timing and quality of flowering directly depend on adequate winter dormancy progression, regulated by a combination of chilling and warm temperatures. Physiological, genetic and functional genomic studies have shown that hormones play a key role in bud dormancy establishment, maintenance and release. We combined physiological and transcriptional analyses, quantification of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs), and modeling to further investigate how these signaling pathways are associated with dormancy progression in the flower buds of two sweet cherry cultivars. Our results demonstrated that GA-associated pathways have distinct functions and may be differentially related with dormancy. In addition, ABA levels rise at the onset of dormancy, associated with enhanced expression of ABA biosynthesis PavNCED genes, and decreased prior to dormancy release. Following the observations that ABA levels are correlated with dormancy depth, we identified PavUG71B6, a sweet cherry UDP-GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE gene that up-regulates active catabolism of ABA to ABA glucosyl ester (ABA-GE) and may be associated with low ABA content in the early cultivar. Subsequently, we modeled ABA content and dormancy behavior in three cultivars based on the expression of a small set of genes regulating ABA levels. These results strongly suggest the central role of ABA pathway in the control of dormancy progression and open up new perspectives for the development of molecular-based phenological modeling.
Contrasting physiological traits of shade tolerance in Pinus and Podocarpaceae native to a tropical Vietnamese forest: insight from an aberrant flat-leaved pine
Authors: Schmiege Stephanie C , Buckley Brendan M , Stevenson Dennis , Cuong Truong Quang , Nam Le Canh , Griffin Kevin L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The absence of pines from tropical forests is a puzzling biogeographical oddity potentially explained by traits of shade intolerance. Pinus krempfii (Lecomte), a flat-leaved pine endemic to the Central Highlands of Vietnam, provides a notable exception as it seems to compete successfully with shade-tolerant tropical species. Here, we test the hypothesis that successful conifer performance at the juvenile stage depends on physiological traits of shade tolerance by comparing the physiological characteristics of P. krempfii to coexisting species from two taxa: the genus Pinus, and a relatively abundant and shade-tolerant conifer family found in pantropical forests, the Podocarpaceae. We examined leaf photosynthetic, respiratory and biochemical traits. Additionally, we compiled attainable maximum photosynthesis, maximum RuBP carboxylation (Vcmax) and maximum electron transport (Jmax) values for Pinus and Podocarpaceae species from the literature. In our literature compilation, P. krempfii was intermediate between Pinus and Podocarpaceae in its maximum photosynthesis and its Vcmax. Pinus exhibited a higher Vcmax than Podocarpaceae, resulting in a less steep slope in the linear relationship between Jmax and Vcmax. These results suggest that Pinus may be more shade intolerant than Podocarpaceae, with P. krempfii falling between the two taxa. However, in contrast, Vietnamese conifers’ leaf mass per areas and biochemical traits did not highlight the same intermediate nature of P. krempfii. Furthermore, regardless of leaf morphology or family assignation, all species demonstrated a common and extremely high carbon gain efficiency. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of shade-tolerant photosynthetic traits for conifer survival in tropical forests. However, they also demonstrate a diversity of shade tolerance strategies, all of which lead to the persistence of Vietnamese juvenile conifers in low-light tropical understories.
Increasing Resistance to Reserve Antibiotics: The Experience of a Tertiary Level Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Annamalai Anushya , Gupta Varsha , Jain Suksham , Datta Priya 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Blood stream infections are considered as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Recent trend shows increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

Aims and objectives
The aim of this study is to find the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of various bacteria from blood samples in neonates and associated risk factors.

Methods
All consecutive cases of intramural neonatal sepsis were enrolled for &gt;12 months. Before starting or changing antibiotic, blood sample under all aseptic precautions was taken for culture. Clinical and demographic details were recorded to analyze risk factors for sepsis. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were done as per CLSI 2019 guidelines.

Results
Of the 898 participants, 107 showed culture positivity. Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.2%) and Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (23.3%). The blood culture positivity rate was 11.9%. Approximately 79% of isolates were multidrug-resistant: extended-spectrum beta-lactamase 90%, carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacteriaceae 27.7% and MRSA 43%. The risk factors found to be associated with sepsis were period of gestation ≤37 weeks, meconium-stained liquor, birth weight &lt;1500 g, mechanical ventilation, partial exchange transfusion, duration of antibiotics for &gt;10 days and duration of both NICU stay and hospital stay for &gt;10 days. The case fatality rate (CFR) was more due to K. pneumoniae (19.2%) and the relative risk of death was 2.53 in culture-positive cases with an attributable risk of 60% and the population attributable risk of 15.4%.

Conclusion
Increase in antibiotic resistance organisms can lead to an increase in the neonatal CFR, so regular surveillance is needed.
Implementation of a “Serenity Room”
Authors: Salmela Lynn , Woehrle Theo , Marleau Eastan , Kitch Laura 
Published: September 2020

Abstract:
Work-related stress is common within the nursing profession, especially in the ED. Studies have shown that interventions to improve hospital working environments positively impact retention and help prevent burnout. This nursing practice innovation project describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a restorative space (the “Serenity Room”) in a busy regional ED. The evaluation of this project focused on the effectiveness of the room at reducing stress and the value ED staff place on having access to a restorative space. Data were gathered through pre- and postimplementation surveys.
Endoscopic Bilateral Decompression for Cervical Stenosis Caused by Calcification of Ligamentum Flavum Through Unilateral Approach
Authors: Liu Xinchun , Zhu Yue 
Published: September 2020

Study Design:
Technical report.

Objective:
The aim was to present a full endoscopic technique for bilateral decompression of cervical stenosis caused by calcification of ligamentum flavum through a unilateral approach.

Summary of Background Data:
The minimally invasive surgical technique aims to preserve muscle and posterior structures to prevent iatrogenic instability and axial pain. Endoscopic resection of calcification of ligamentum flavum in the cervical spine has shown effectiveness. However, the removal of bilateral calcification lesions through a unilateral approach has been reported as an inadequate and technical demanding method.

Methods:
The illustrative case showed myelopathy caused by bilateral calcification of ligamentum flavum in the C5/C6 segment. A spinal multichannel endoscope with a rigid rod-lens was used to the operation under saline media. After a laminotomy was performed on the ipsilateral side, both the ipsilateral and the contralateral calcified lesions were resected through the same bone window.

Results:
The patient’s hand function and walk ability were found significantly improved the next day after surgery. Complete removal of calcified lesions was confirmed by postoperative imaging studies.

Conclusions:
Removal of bilateral calcification lesions in the cervical spine through a unilateral approach is possible with a spinal endoscope.
Efficacy and Safety of 2 Injection Techniques for Hand Biostimulatory Treatment With Diluted Calcium Hydroxylapatite
Authors: Figueredo Vinícius O. , Miot Hélio A. , Soares Dias Juliana , Nunes Gisele Jacobino de Barros , Barros de Souza Marta , Bagatin Ediléia 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND
Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) is effective for dorsal hand rejuvenation. Higher dilutions are used for biostimulation with fewer side effects.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 2 techniques of diluted CaHA injection for dorsal hand treatment.

METHODS
A prospective, evaluator-blinded study was performed to compare (side-to-side) techniques for treating the dorsum of the hands with diluted CaHA: deep fat lamina or subdermal injection. Fifteen women with aging grades between 1 and 3 on the MHGS (Merz hand grading scale) were enrolled and followed up for 24 weeks. The outcomes were a histological analysis of collagen, skin viscoelasticity, high-frequency ultrasound parameters, MHGS score, and the global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) score.

RESULTS
Improvement in the MHGS and GAIS scores (p < .01) was observed, with no difference between techniques (p > .05). Skin viscoelasticity measures and ultrasonography for dermal parameters improved for both treatments (p < .01). The mean total collagen density increased from the baseline for both techniques (p < .01). Pain during the procedure as well as adverse effects within the follow-up did not differ between treatments (p > .4). The overall satisfaction was 12% greater for the subdermal technique (p < .05).

CONCLUSION
Diluted CaHA improves the skin quality of aging hands with a safe profile, without substantial differences between the techniques.
Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Cellulite: A Review
Authors: Bass Lawrence S. , Kaminer Michael S. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND
The etiology of cellulite is unclear. Treatment of cellulite has targeted adipose tissue, dermis, and fibrous septae with varying degrees of success and durability of response.

OBJECTIVE
Results from clinical trials that target different anatomical aspects of cellulite can provide insights into the underlying pathophysiology of cellulite.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A search of the PubMed database and ClinicalTrials.gov website was conducted to identify clinical trials that have investigated treatments for cellulite.

RESULTS
A lack of trial protocol standardization, objective means for quantification of improvement and reported cellulite severity, and short-term follow-up, as well as variation in assessment methods have made comparisons among efficacy studies challenging. However, the lack of durable efficacy and inconsistency seen in clinical results suggest that dermal or adipose tissue changes are not the primary etiologies of cellulite. Clinical studies targeting the collagen-rich fibrous septae in cellulite dimples through mechanical, surgical, or enzymatic approaches suggest that targeting fibrous septae is the strategy most likely to provide durable improvement of skin topography and the appearance of cellulite.

CONCLUSION
The etiology of cellulite has not been completely elucidated. However, there is compelling clinical evidence that fibrous septae play a central role in the pathophysiology of cellulite.
Laser Rejuvenation of Nonfacial Skin: A Review and a Personal Approach
Authors: Ross Edward Victor 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND
Laser skin rejuvenation historically has emphasized facial photodamage. In this review, we examine energy-based rejuvenation for nonfacial skin.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review is to summarize past and current energy-based rejuvenation off the face.

RESULTS
Many energy-based interventions can address pigment, tone, and texture irregularities of nonfacial skin.

CONCLUSION
With conservative settings, current devices can be applied safely for nonfacial skin rejuvenation.
RETINAL EMBOLIZATION AFTER CAROTID ECHO DOPPLER: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Marta Ana , Abreu Ana C. , Gonçalves Nadine , Miranda Vasco 
Published: September 2020

Purpose:
To report a case of symptomatic multiple retinal emboli during a carotid Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) procedure.

Methods:
Case report documented with clinical records, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography angiography of the retina, and computed tomography angiography of the supraaortic vessels.

Results:
A 60-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with sudden vision loss in the left eye and pain in the left upper eyelid noticed during a CDU procedure. On the left eye, the best-corrected visual acuity was 20/200, and fundus observation revealed retinal arteriolar attenuation, retinal whitening with cherry point, and multiple intraarterial emboli in all arcades of the central retinal artery. Computed tomography angiography of the supraaortic vessels revealed an absence of filling throughout the cervical, petrous, and cavernous segment of the left internal carotid artery, resuming only in the ophthalmic segment and an important stenosis of the left external carotid artery. He had no indication to be submitted to left carotid endarterectomy and began ocular massage and oral anticoagulant. Four months later, ptosis was no longer present, best-corrected visual acuity improved to 20/20 with a residual scotoma, and emboli disappeared on fundus photography.

Conclusion:
Embolic occlusion of retinal arteries may be an extremely rare but serious complication associated with CDU, and patients and clinicians should be aware of it.
PARACENTRAL ACUTE MIDDLE MACULOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH BRANCH RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION DUE TO POLYCYTHEMIA IN A PATIENT WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT
Authors: Koçak Nurullah , Erduran Bilgehan , Subaşı Mustafa , Yeter Volkan 
Published: September 2020

Purpose:
To describe the occurrence of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) associated with branch retinal artery occlusion secondary to polycythemia in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 30-year-old man presented with acute vision loss and superior visual deficit in his left eye for two days. His medical record had a tetralogy of Fallot. Complete blood count showed an erythrocyte count of 9.88 million/µL (4.4–5.6), hemoglobin of 17.7 g/dL (13.5–16.9), and hematocrit of 65.4% (40–49). The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the left eye, and a diagnosis of left inferotemporal branch retinal artery occlusion was made. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography revealed a characteristic hyperreflective band-like lesion on the inner nuclear layer consistent with PAMM.

Conlusion:
Polycythemia may be a trigger for branch retinal artery occlusion–associated PAMM. We suggest a new precursor cause of PAMM that is previously undescribed.
Pain sensitivity and the primary sensorimotor cortices: a multimodal neuroimaging study
Authors: Niddam David M. , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Tsai Shang-Yueh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The primary somatosensory cortex (SI) is a critical part of the neural substrate underlying interindividual differences in pain sensitivity. Here, we investigated whether resting-state functional connectivity, gray matter density (GMD), and GABA and Glx (glutamate and glutamine) levels of the sensorimotor cortices were related to pain thresholds and whether such imaging measures could predict high and low pain sensitivity. Functional, structural, and spectroscopic magnetic resonance data were obtained from 48 healthy participants together with pain thresholds of the right index finger. Left and right sensorimotor networks (SMN) were extracted by means of independent component analysis, and GMD was measured within the combined SMN by means of voxel-based morphometry. Spectroscopic data were acquired from the bilateral sensorimotor cortices. Within the left SMN, functional connectivity to the right SI correlated positively with pain thresholds. In addition, GMD in the left SI and the GABA laterality index correlated positively with pain thresholds. A positive correlation was also found between the GABA laterality index and the left SMN connectivity to the right SI. Finally, the above mentioned functional connectivity and GMD measures could correctly predict high and low pain sensitivity in 83.7% of the study population. In summary, we showed that interindividual differences in pain sensitivity were related to the resting-state functional connectivity, interhemispheric GABA tone, and GMD of the sensorimotor cortices. Furthermore, high and low pain sensitivity could be predicted with high accuracy using imaging measures from the primary sensorimotor cortices.
Prolonged opioid use among opioid-naive individuals after prescription for nonspecific low back pain in the emergency department
Authors: Hayden Jill A. , Ellis Jenna , Asbridge Mark , Ogilvie Rachel , Merdad Roah , Grant D. A. Gus , Stewart Samuel A. , Campbell Samuel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Low back pain is a leading cause of disability globally. It is a common reason for presentation to the emergency department where opioids are commonly prescribed. This is a retrospective cohort study of opioid-naive adults with low back pain presenting to 1 of 4 emergency departments in Nova Scotia. We use routinely collected administrative clinical and drug-use data (July 2010-November 2017) to investigate the prevalence of prolonged opioid use and associated individual and prescription characteristics. In total, 23,559 eligible individuals presented with nonspecific low back pain, with 84.4% being opioid-naive. Our study population included 4023 opioid-naive individuals who filled a new opioid prescription within 7 days after their index emergency department visit (24.4%). The prevalence of prolonged opioid use after a new opioid prescription for low back pain (filling an opioid prescription 8-90 days after the emergency department visit and filling a subsequent prescription ±30 days of 6 months) was 4.6% (185 individuals). Older age and female sex were associated with clinically important increased odds of prolonged opioid use. First prescription average >90 morphine milligram equivalents/day (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.0-2.6) and greater than 7-day supply (1.9, 1.1-3.1) were associated with prolonged opioid use in adjusted models. We found evidence of declining opioid prescriptions over the study period, but that 24.3% of first opioid prescriptions in 2016 would not have aligned with current guideline recommendations. Our study provides evidence to support a cautious approach to prescribing in opioid-naive populations.