bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorptive capacity in the adoption of innovations in health care: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Ashoor Huda M. , McSharry Jennifer , Radhakrishnan Amruta , Wilson Rosemary , Zitzelsberger Louise , Kaan Diana , Glandon Lisa , Sears Kimberley , Medves Jennifer , Kircher Colleen , Berta Whitney B. , Tricco Andrea C. , Godfrey Christina 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To explore how absorptive capacity has been conceptualized and measured in studies of innovation adoption in health care organizations.

Introduction:
Current literature highlights the need to incorporate knowledge translation processes at the organizational and system level to enhance the adoption of new knowledge into practice. Absorptive capacity is a set of routines and processes characterized by knowledge acquisition, assimilation, transformation, and application. Absorptive capacity, a key concept in organizational learning theory, is thought to be critical to the adoption of new knowledge and innovations in organizations.

Inclusion criteria:
This scoping review will include primary studies (ie, experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, and qualitative study designs) and gray literature that broadly focus on the adoption of innovations at the organizational level in health care, and frame innovation adoption as processes that rely on organizational learning and absorptive or learning capacity.

Methods:
Data sources will include comprehensive searches of electronic databases (eg, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus), gray literature, and reference scanning of relevant studies. Study abstracts and full texts will be screened for eligibility by two reviewers, independently. Data extraction of relevant studies will also be done independently by two reviewers. All discrepancies will be addressed through further discussion or adjudicated by a third reviewer. Synthesis of the extracted data will focus on descriptive frequencies, counts, and thematic analysis and the results will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR).
The Method of Rotated Solutions: A Highly Efficient Procedure for Code Verification
Authors: Horner Marc 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Code verification provides mathematical evidence that the source code of a scientific computing software platform is free of bugs and that the numerical algorithms are consistent. The most stringent form of code verification requires the user to demonstrate agreement between the formal and observed orders of accuracy. The observed order is based on a determination of the discretization error, and therefore requires the existence of an analytical solution. One drawback of analytical solutions based on traditional engineering problems is that most derivatives appearing in the related governing equations (or mathematical model) are identically zero, which limits their scope during code verification. The method of rotated solutions (MRS) is introduced herein as a methodology that utilizes coordinate transformations to generate additional nonzero derivatives in the governing equations and numerical solutions. These transformations extend the utility of even the simplest one-dimensional solutions to be able to perform more thorough evaluations. This paper outlines the rotated solutions methodology and provides an example that demonstrates and confirms the usefulness of this new technique.
Study of cluster structures in nuclei through the ratio method
Authors: Capel Pierre , Johnson Ronald C. , Nunes Filomena M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFor one-neutron halo nuclei, the cross sections for elastic scattering and breakup at intermediate energy exhibit similar angular dependences. The Recoil Excitation and Breakup (REB) model of reactions elegantly explains this feature. It also leads to the idea of a new reaction observable to study the structure of loosely-bound nuclear systems: the Ratio. This observable consists of the ratio of angular distributions for different reaction channels, viz. elastic scattering and breakup, which cancels most of the dependence on the reaction mechanism; in particular it is insensitive to the choice of optical potentials that simulate the projectile-target interaction. This new observable is very sensitive to the structure of the projectile. In this article, we review a series of previous papers, which have introduced the Ratio Method and its extension to low beam energies and proton-halo nuclei.
Hunting down the X17 boson at the CERN SPS
Authors:   NA64 Collaboration, Depero E. , Andreev Yu. M. , Banerjee D. , Bernhard J. , Burtsev V. E. , Charitonidis N. , Chumakov A. G. , Cooke D. , Crivelli P. , Dermenev A. V. , Donskov S. V. , Dusaev R. R. , Enik T. , Feshchenko A. , Frolov V. N. , Gardikiotis A. , Gerassimov S. G. , Girod S. , Gninenko S. N. , Hösgen M. , Kachanov V. A. , Karneyeu A. E. , Kekelidze G. , Ketzer B. , Kirpichnikov D. V. , Kirsanov M. M. , Kolosov V. N. , Konorov I. V. , Kovalenko S. G. , Kramarenko V. A. , Kravchuk L. V. , Krasnikov N. V. , Kuleshov S. V. , Lyubovitskij V. E. , Lysan V. , Matveev V. A. , Mikhailov Yu. V. , Bueno L. Molina , Peshekhonov D. V. , Polyakov V. A. , Radics B. , Rojas R. , Rubbia A. , Samoylenko V. D. , Shchukin D. , Sieber H. , Tikhomirov V. O. , Tlisova vI. , Tlisov D. A. , Toropin A. N. , Trifonov A. Yu. , Vasilishin B. I. , Arenas G. Vasquez , Volkov P. V. , Volkov V. Yu. , Ulloa P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecently, the ATOMKI experiment has reported new evidence for the excess of $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

events with a mass $$\sim $$
∼
17 MeV in the nuclear transitions of $$^4$$

4

He, that they previously observed in measurements with $$^8$$

8

Be. These observations could be explained by the existence of a new vector $$X17$$

X
17

boson. So far, the search for the decay $$X17 \rightarrow e^+ e^-$$

X
17
→

e
+

e
-

with the NA64 experiment at the CERN SPS gave negative results. Here, we present a new technique that could be implemented in NA64 aiming to improve the sensitivity and to cover the remaining $$X17$$

X
17

parameter space. If a signal-like event is detected, an unambiguous observation is achieved by reconstructing the invariant mass of the $$X17$$

X
17

decay with the proposed method. To reach this goal an optimization of the $$X17$$

X
17

production target, as well as an efficient and accurate reconstruction of two close decay tracks, is required. A dedicated analysis of the available experimental data making use of the trackers information is presented. This method provides independent confirmation of the NA64 published results [1], validating the tracking procedure. The detailed Monte Carlo study of the proposed setup and the background estimate show that the goal of the proposed search is feasible.
Gender-Based Differences in Outcomes Among Resuscitated Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Mody Purav , Pandey Ambarish , Slutsky Arthur S. , Segar Matthew W. , Kiss Alex , Dorian Paul , Parsons Janet , Scales Damon C. , Rac Valeria E. , Cheskes Sheldon , Bierman Arlene S. , Abramson Beth L. , Gray Sara , Fowler Rob A. , Dainty Katie N. , Idris Ahamed H. , Morrison Laurie 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Studies examining gender-based differences in outcomes of patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have demonstrated that, despite a higher likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation, women do not have higher survival.

Methods:
Patients successfully resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest enrolled in the CCC trial (Trial of Continuous or Interrupted Chest Compressions during CPR) were included. Hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the association between gender and survival after adjustment for age, gender, cardiac arrest rhythm, witnessed status, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, episode location, epinephrine dose, emergency medical services response time, and duration of resuscitation. Do not resuscitate (DNR) and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) order status were used to assess whether differences in postresuscitation outcomes were modified by baseline prognosis. The analysis was replicated among ALPS trial (Amiodarone, Lidocaine, or Placebo in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest) participants.

Results:

Among 4875 successfully resuscitated patients, 1825 (37.4%) were women and 3050 (62.6%) were men. Women were older (67.5 versus 65.3 years), received less bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (49.1% versus 54.9%), and had a lower proportion of cardiac arrests that were witnessed (55.1% versus 64.5%) or had shockable rhythm (24.3% versus 44.6%,
P
<0.001 for all). A significantly higher proportion of women received DNR orders (35.7% versus 32.1%,
P
=0.009) and had WLST (32.8% versus 29.8%,
P
=0.03). Discharge survival was significantly lower in women (22.5% versus 36.3%,
P
<0.001; adjusted odds ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.66–0.93];
P
=0.005). The association between gender and survival to discharge was modified by DNR and WLST order status such that women had significantly reduced survival to discharge among patients who were not designated DNR (31.3% versus 49.9%,
P
=0.005; adjusted odds ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.60–0.91]) or did not have WLST (32.3% versus 50.7%,
P
=0.002; adjusted odds ratio, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.60–0.89]). In contrast, no gender difference in survival was noted among patients receiving a DNR order (6.7% versus 7.4%,
P
=0.90) or had WLST (2.8% versus 2.4%,
P
=0.93). Consistent patterns of association between gender and postresuscitation outcomes were observed in the secondary cohort.

Conclusions:
Among patients resuscitated after experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, discharge survival was significantly lower in women than in men, especially among patients considered to have a favorable prognosis.
Active sharing of a novel, arbitrary innovation in captive cotton-top tamarins?
Authors: Gokcekus Samin , Brügger Rahel K. , Burkart Judith M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Most cultural behaviours in primates stem from innovations that are beneficial since they provide access to food or comfort. Innovations that are seemingly purposeless and arbitrary, and nevertheless spread through a social group, are rarer but particularly relevant to understanding the evolutionary origin of culture. Here, we provide an anecdotal report of a series of non-instrumental woodchip manipulation and modification events in captive cotton-top tamarins. Intriguingly, woodchips were preferentially manipulated in a position that was readily visible to a partner in a different enclosure, and the innovation apparently spread to other individuals. Together, this suggests that the arbitrary innovation was actively shared with a conspecific, which is consistent with the pattern of transmission of another arbitrary innovation in cotton-top tamarins, namely stick-weaving.
Ecological Civilization and Legal Norms for Resilient Environmental Governance
Authors: Robinson Nicholas A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to examine how the principles of ecological civilization can help shape a consensus about restating environmental legal principles generally. This restatement is essential given the fact that many human laws have proven to be manifestly at variance with the natural systems of Earth’s biosphere. Disruptions caused by climate change increase and the sixth great extinction of species has ushered in crises in biodiversity. It is argued that with environmental degradation becoming worse world-wide, more is required of governments than just again endorsing steps to advance sustainable development. Rather, there is a need for more effective and resilient governmental management. States must agree upon the progressive development of the law necessary to deal with Earth’s changing, new, and real conditions. New environmental principles, such as the principle of resilience, will need to be added to the existing ones. Potentially, China can contribute greatly to the global debate about Earth’s ecological law principles by sharing its knowledge and understanding of ecological civilization.
Integrating Psychology, Religion, and Culture
Authors: Pak Jenny H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although science was originally broadly conceptualized as a systematic, rigorous activity to produce trustworthy knowledge, psychologists, those following the mainstream, adopted a single philosophy of science and strictly enforced natural science as the only proper “scientific” psychology. Qualitative research has been part of modern psychology from the beginning, but it was obscured for nearly a century as positivist epistemology came to dominate the field. Building culturally robust and intelligible theories capable of responding more effectively to complex problems faced by a rapidly changing world calls for openness in methodological diversity. Deeply rooted in a hermeneutic tradition, cultural psychology has challenged the appropriateness of seeking reductive knowledge because higher mental processes such as religious beliefs, values, and choices are bound by historical and cultural context. As greater interdisciplinary integration and methodological innovations are necessary to keep psychology of religion relevant, narrative inquiry has emerged as a promising integrative paradigm.
Changes in Future Precipitation Mean and Variability across Scales
Authors: Schwarzwald Kevin , Poppick Andrew , Rugenstein Maria , Bloch-Johnson Jonah , Wang Jiali , McInerney David , Moyer Elisabeth J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChanges in precipitation variability can have large societal consequences, whether at the short time scales of flash floods or the longer time scales of multiyear droughts. Recent studies have suggested that in future climate projections, precipitation variability rises more steeply than does its mean, leading to concerns about societal impacts. This work evaluates changes in mean precipitation over a broad range of spatial and temporal scales using a range of models from high-resolution regional simulations to millennial-scale global simulations. Results show that changes depend on the scale of aggregation and involve strong regional differences. On local scales that resolve individual rainfall events (hours and tens of kilometers), changes in precipitation distributions are complex and variances rise substantially more than means, as is required given the well-known disproportionate rise in precipitation intensity. On scales that aggregate across many events, distributional changes become simpler and variability changes smaller. At regional scale, future precipitation distributions can be largely reproduced by a simple transformation of present-day precipitation involving a multiplicative shift and a small additive term. The “extra” broadening is negatively correlated with changes in mean precipitation: in strongly “wetting” areas, distributions broaden less than expected from a simple multiplicative mean change; in “drying” areas, distributions narrow less. Precipitation variability changes are therefore of especial concern in the subtropics, which tend to dry under climate change. Outside the tropics, variability changes are similar on time scales from days to decades (i.e., show little frequency dependence). This behavior is highly robust across models, suggesting it may stem from some fundamental constraint.
Whose Ground Truth Is It? Harvesting Lessons from Missouri’s 2018 Bumper Crop of Drought Observations
Authors: Smith Kelly Helm , Burbach Mark E. , Hayes Michael J. , Guinan Patrick E. , Tyre Andrew J. , Fuchs Brian , Haigh Tonya , Svoboda Mark D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDrought-related decision-making and policy should go beyond numeric hydrometeorological data to incorporate information on how drought affects people, livelihoods, and ecosystems. The effects of drought are nested within environmental and human systems, and relevant data may not exist in readily accessible form. For example, drought may reduce forage growth, compounded by both late-season freezes and management decisions. An effort to gather crowdsourced drought observations in Missouri in 2018 yielded a much higher number of observations than did previous related efforts. Here we examine 1) the interests, circumstances, history, and recruitment messaging that coincided to produce a high number of reports in a short time; 2) whether and how information from volunteer observers was useful to state decision-makers and to U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) authors; and 3) potential for complementary use of stakeholder and citizen science reports in assessing trustworthiness of volunteer-provided information. State officials and the Cattlemen’s Association made requests for reports, clearly linked to improving the accuracy of the USDM and the related financial benefit. Well-timed requests provided a focus for people’s energy and a reason to invest their time. State officials made use of the dense spatial coverage that observers provided. USDM authors were very cautious about a surge of reports coinciding closely with financial incentives linked to the Livestock Forage Disaster program. An after-the-fact comparison between stakeholder reports and parallel citizen science reports suggests that the two could be complementary, with potential for developing protocols to facilitate real-time use.
Pathologic Fibrinolysis is More Common in a Rural Trauma Setting
Authors: Bardes James M. , Grabo Daniel J. , Wen Sijin , Wilson Alison 
Published: December 2020

Introduction Fibrinolysis (lysis) has been extensively studied in trauma patients. Many studies on the distribution of lysis phenotype have been conducted in setting with short prehospital time. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of lysis phenotypes in a population with prolonged prehospital times in a rural environment. Methods A retrospective study was performed at an American College of Surgeons-verified level 1 trauma center, serving a large rural population. Full trauma team activations from January 1, 2017 to August 31, 2018 were evaluated, and all patients with an ISS>15 analyzed. Thromboelastography was routinely performed on all participants on arrival. Lysis phenotypes were classified based on LY30 results: shutdown (≤.8%), physiologic (.9-2.9%), and hyper (>2.9%). Results 259 patients were evaluated, 134 (52%) presented direct from the scene. For scene patients, lysis distribution was 24% physiologic, 49% shutdown, and 27% hyper. Transferred patients demonstrated a reduction in physiologic lysis to 14% ( P = .03), shutdown present in 66%, and hyper in 20%. Empiric prehospital tranexamic acid was given to 18 patients, physiologic lysis was present in 6%, shutdown 72%, and hyper 22%; this increase was not statistically significant ( P = .5). Conclusion Fibrinolysis phenotypes are not consistent across all trauma populations. This study showed rural trauma patients had a significantly increased rate of pathologic lysis. This was consistent for scene and transfer patients who received care at another facility prior to arrival for definitive care. Future studies to evaluate the factors influencing these differences are warranted.
What Works in Implementing Patient Decision Aids in Routine Clinical Settings? A Rapid Realist Review and Update from the International Patient Decision Aid Standards Collaboration
Authors: Joseph-Williams Natalie , Abhyankar Purva , Boland Laura , Bravo Paulina , Brenner Alison T. , Brodney Suzanne , Coulter Angela , Giguère Anik , Hoffman Aubri , Körner Mirjam , Langford Aisha , Légaré France , Matlock Daniel , Moumjid Nora , Munro Sarah , Dahl Steffensen Karina , Stirling Christine , van der Weijden Trudy 
Published: December 2020

Background Decades of effectiveness research has established the benefits of using patient decision aids (PtDAs), yet broad clinical implementation has not yet occurred. Evidence to date is mainly derived from highly controlled settings; if clinicians and health care organizations are expected to embed PtDAs as a means to support person-centered care, we need to better understand what this might look like outside of a research setting. Aim This review was conducted in response to the IPDAS Collaboration’s evidence update process, which informs their published standards for PtDA quality and effectiveness. The aim was to develop context-specific program theories that explain why and how PtDAs are successfully implemented in routine healthcare settings. Methods Rapid realist review methodology was used to identify articles that could contribute to theory development. We engaged key experts and stakeholders to identify key sources; this was supplemented by electronic database (Medline and CINAHL), gray literature, and forward/backward search strategies. Initial theories were refined to develop realist context-mechanism-outcome configurations, and these were mapped to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results We developed 8 refined theories, using data from 23 implementation studies (29 articles), to describe the mechanisms by which PtDAs become successfully implemented into routine clinical settings. Recommended implementation strategies derived from the program theory include 1) co-production of PtDA content and processes (or local adaptation), 2) training the entire team, 3) preparing and prompting patients to engage, 4) senior-level buy-in, and 5) measuring to improve. Conclusions We recommend key strategies that organizations and individuals intending to embed PtDAs routinely can use as a practical guide. Further work is needed to understand the importance of context in the success of different implementation studies.
Macromarketing and the Systems Imperative
Authors: Wooliscroft Ben 
Published: December 2020

Macromarketing is definitionally concerned with systems — marketing, markets and society — and their interactions. This paper lays out a case for systems research in macromarketing, the use of methods designed to study systems. In doing so, it highlights the limitations of much micromarketing research. Macromarketing and the Journal of Macromarketing is the home of systems research in marketing. Macromarketing scholars need to increase our use of systems research methodologies. We also need to connect macromarketing to wider, particularly business, systems research. Following the calls by this Journal’s first editor George Fisk, systems research must not live in our discipline and journal alone, all social sciences need the insights of systems research and systems research needs the insights of macromarketing.
Efficacy of different interventions for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Wen Bei , Wang Yajie , Zhang Cong , Xu Weicheng , Fu Zhijian 
Published: December 2020

Objective We aimed to perform a network meta-analysis that combined both direct and indirect evidence to compare the relative efficacy of interventional therapies to treat patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and to determine the treatments’ superiority and validity. Method A conventional paired meta-analysis was performed. This was followed by a network meta-analysis using the Bayesian framework. Results Botulinum toxin type A and pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) were the two most effective individual interventions. For combination therapy, PRF + nerve block (NB) was the best choice, followed by subcutaneous injection or local infiltration (SC) + NB + ozone (O3). However, the combination of PRF + NB + SC showed reduced the efficacy compared with each treatment and was highly invasive for patients. After a long-term follow-up, PRF was shown to be the most effective therapy for treating patients with PHN. Conclusions Regular anti-neuropathic drug administration that was accompanied by interventional therapies at an early stage is the best choice to treat patients with PHN. Appropriate combinations of different interventions show improved pain relief. Clinicians should manage therapeutic regimens on the basis of the patients specific condition and existing measures and strive to achieve personalized treatment.