bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Almajid Limited: the tumultuous journey of a multigenerational enterprise in Saudi Arabia. Case study: Parts A, B, C and D
Authors: Bodolica Virginia , Spraggon Martin 
Published: January 2020

Learning outcomes
Reflect on the influence of different lifecycle stages on the strategy of a family business; evaluate the impact of family, industry and company dynamics on the evolution of a family firm; assess the impact of ownership, governance and succession considerations on the sustainability of a family firm; and develop decision-making skills to overcome specific dilemmas and secure the family business longevity.

Case overview/synopsis
Five industries, three generations and one family business. What started off as an entrepreneur’s ambition, Almajid Limited has proven itself to a sustainable source of revenue and a diverse portfolio of businesses for multiple generations of a Saudi Arabian family. This case study offers an exclusive opportunity to follow the tumultuous journey of a Saudi family business and analyze the different phases of its evolution over seven decades and three generations. In particular, the case aims to highlight the complexities surrounding the management of a family firm and illustrate how various lifecycle stages stemming from a number of areas (e.g. family, company, industry, ownership and governance) simultaneously influence the family business strategy. Being deeply embedded in the context of Saudi Arabia, the case unveils the unique challenges of managing a family business in a conservative cultural setting. The case study is divided into four parts, with each of them putting the emphasis on a different lifecycle area of significance for the evolution of the family business. Each part culminates with the identification of an area-relevant dilemma that needs to be addressed for the family firm to be able to move into the next stage of its development. Part A focuses on the family area or axis, the Part B on the industry axis, Part C on the company axis, while Part D is based on the sustainability axis, which embraces as many as three dilemmas in relation to the ownership, governance and succession in the family firm. Moreover, each part incorporates a timeline of critical events that contributed to the emergence of a specific dilemma and a culturally-rooted anime that helps the readers visualize the story, picture somebody else’s reality, and empathize with the key protagonists of the case to achieve optimal decision-making.

Complexity academic level
Graduate audience: Master of Business Administration or Master of Global Entrepreneurial Management.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Misakyan technical solutions: between two mindsets and the emergence of the new generation
Authors: Marachly George , Bodolica Virginia , Spraggon Martin 
Published: January 2020

Learning outcomes
Learning outcomes of this study are as follows: conduct a comprehensive organizational diagnosis to uncover the peculiarities of managing a family business; evaluate the spirit of innovation of the new generation to drive rejuvenation initiatives in the family firm; reflect on the concept of stealth innovation and its manifestation in the context of transgenerational entrepreneurship; and assess the effectiveness of managerial decision-making and provide recommendations for securing the sustainability of a family firm.

Case overview/synopsis
This case starts with the entrepreneurial beginnings of Jack Misakyan, who transformed the small blacksmith venture of his father into a large and profitable family enterprise with operations across different countries and industrial sectors. Since the establishment of Misakyan Technical Solutions (MTS), Jack relied on the help of his brothers, Ara and Hovik, who have joined the ranks of owners and managers to drive the expansion efforts of the family firm. Over the years, the brothers were successful in pursuing a strategy of continuous growth and diversification by taking advantage of opportunities in several industries and regions of the world. They opened branches in Kuwait, Syria, the United Arab Emirates and Armenia, and operated in industries of heavy-truck maintenance, pharmaceuticals, marine shipping, construction materials, quarry and restauration. Yet, four decades after its launch, the company was entering in a phase of stagnation and was in need for entrepreneurial rejuvenation. The members of the third generation, who have recently joined the family firm, believed that it was their obligation to restructure the operations and revive the entrepreneurial spirit in their fathers’ organization. Moreover, after several months of market analysis and investigation, two of the cousins came up with a new business idea that was pursued entirely in a stealth mode. By describing the strategic events and family dynamics that shaped the evolution of MTS over time, the case offers an opportunity to assess the effectiveness of managerial decision-making and provide recommendations for ensuring the longevity of the family enterprise.

Complexity academic level
Upper undergraduate classes.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
The impact of customer resources on customer value in co-creation: the multiple mediating effects
Authors: Xiao Meng , Ma Qinhai , Li Man 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Co-creating value with customers is important for companies in order to gain a competitive advantage. Based on resource theory and social interaction theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore the customer participation mechanism in co-creating value and test the effects of different types of customer resources and multi-level customer–firm interaction on customer value.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from tourism industry. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results indicate that both the customer’s human resource and relationship resource have a significantly positive effect on customers’ utilitarian value and hedonic value through reactive and proactive interactions. Reactive interaction has a full mediating effect on the relationship between relationship resource and proactive interaction, whereas proactive interaction has a full mediating effect on the relationship between reactive interaction and hedonic value.

Originality/value
This study explores the mediating effects of customer–firm interaction between customer resources and customer value. This paper contributes to the understanding of customers’ motivations for, and the processes of, participating in value co-creation.
Factors that influence financial self-efficacy among accounting students in Bali
Authors: Herawati Nyoman Trisna , Candiasa I. Made , Yadnyana I. Ketut , Suharsono Naswan 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the effect of financial learning quality (FLQ) and parental socioeconomic status (SES) on the financial self-efficacy (FSE) of undergraduate Accounting students in Bali with students’ financial literacy (FL) serving a mediator.Design/methodology/approachThis research used a quantitative design with ex post facto approach and path analysis technique. Research data were collected by administering a financial literacy test on, and questionnaires distributed to, the sample selected using a purposive random sampling technique. The research sample consisted of undergraduate Accounting students in Bali who were in their fourth or sixth semesters, numbering 518.FindingsThe research results show that financial learning quality and parental socioeconomic status directly influenced financial literacy. Financial learning quality and socioeconomic status did not have any direct influence on financial self-efficacy, but financial literacy directly affected financial self-efficacy. Additionally, the results also show that financial literacy was able to mediate learning quality’s and socioeconomic status’ relationships with financial self-efficacy.Practical implicationsThe research results indicate that financial learning quality had a significant effect on financial literacy but lacked any direct influence on financial self-efficacy. This suggests that it is important to improve financial learning quality in not only cognitive aspect (knowledge) but also practical aspect, which will contribute to the improvement in students’ financial self-efficacy. In the future, research can be continued by finding other variables that are more dominant in influencing financial self efficacy. In addition, research and development approach can be done to find a learning model that can improve financial self-efficacy among accounting students.Originality/valuePrevious studies predominantly investigated the factors that affect financial literacy in students. There has been a small body of research that addresses financial self-efficacy, especially in Accounting students. Therefore, this research makes a contribution to the knowledge on factors that influence, either directly or indirectly, FSE in students with financial literacy serving as a mediator.
Supply chain risks: findings from Brazilian slaughterhouses
Authors: Rosales Fabricio Pini , Oprime Pedro Carlos , Royer Annie , Batalha Mario Otávio 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the risks to which agrifood supply chains are exposed and to analyze how these risks impact the degree of coordination of the chain.Design/methodology/approachThe present investigation was executed in two steps. Initially, a literature review and interviews with slaughterhouse managers were carried out to identify the main risks to which agrifood supply chains are exposed. The second step consisted of a survey involving 66 Brazilian slaughterhouses to identify how the perception of risks influences the degree of coordination in the examined chains.FindingsThe study revealed that risks, transaction costs and creation of collaborative advantages are determining factors in defining the degree of coordination in the analyzed agrifood supply chains.Practical implicationsThe results allow slaughterhouse managers to more easily recognize the risks to which the supply chains are exposed and evaluate in more detail strategies for relationships with their suppliers. These strategies may be able to avoid conflict and create value for the supplier by stimulating longer relationships and facilitating animal purchase transactions for slaughter. This can lead to quality improvements, lower costs and reduced risk.Originality/valueStudies of risks in agrifood supply chains are rare in comparison with those developed in other sectors. The present investigation is innovative in identifying the main risks specific to agrifood supply chains and associating those risks with a degree of coordination that minimizes them.
Coherence algorithm with a high‐resolution time–time transform and feature matrix for seismic data
Authors: Sun Fengyuan , Gao Jinghuai , Zhang Bing , Liu Naihao 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTTraditional coherence algorithms are often based on the assumption that seismic traces are stationary and Gaussian. However, seismic traces are actually non‐stationary and non‐Gaussian. A constant time window and the canonical correlation analysis in traditional coherence algorithms are not optimal for non‐stationary seismic traces and cannot describe the similarity between adjacent seismic traces in detail. To overcome this problem, a new coherence algorithm using the high‐resolution time–time transform and the feature matrix is designed. The high‐resolution time–time transform used to replace the constant time window can produce a frequency‐dependent time local series to analyse non‐stationary seismic traces. The feature matrix, constructed by the frequency‐dependent time local series and the related local gradients, defines a new correlation metric that enhances more details of the geological discontinuities in seismic images than does the canonical correlation analysis. Additionally, the Riemannian metric is introduced for related calculations because the feature matrices are not defined in a Euclidean space but rather in a manifold space. Application to field data illustrates that the proposed method reveals more details of structural and stratigraphic features.
A High Barrier and Sustained Release Oxygen‐Absorbing Ionic Polymer for Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Zhao Jiang , Qu Zhi , Li Ang , Chen Xiaohan , Zhang Yake , Chen Xian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDevelopment and utilization of oxygen absorbing materials for food and beverage packaging are important to protect the oxygen‐sensitive foods. In this study, we developed a kind of ionic polymer with excellent oxygen absorbing ability based on reacting ethylene‐acrylic acid copolymer (EAA) and sodium sulfite (Na2SO3). By virtue of the hydrophilicity of the ionic polymer, the sulfite in Na2SO3 is easily hydrolyzed and ionized. The oxygen inhalation reaction was gradually initiated and started, whereas achieved a slow and controllable oxygen absorption process. The oxygen absorbing agent can be directly added in the form of an auxiliary agent, which greatly simplifies the preparation process of the oxygen absorbing material. Furthermore, the ionic structure of the EAA/Na2SO3 composites were destroyed and mechanical properties of the material did not decrease after oxygen absorption. More importantly, it can effectively prevent the entry of external oxygen because the ionic polymer itself has better barrier properties.Practical ApplicationTypical oxygen‐sensitive objects include: beer, coffee, canned food, meat products, dairy products, and so on. The presence of oxygen in the package can cause microbial growth, odor generation, color change and nutrient loss, resulting in a significant reduction in food shelf life. Therefore, controlling the oxygen content of the food package is important to limit the rate of these spoilage and spoilage reactions in the food. Materials with active oxygen scavenging and good barrier properties and packaging performance are highly economically viable in terms of improving product quality and reducing packaging costs.
Clinical significance of reduced expression of lncRNA TUG1 in the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Cao Hai‐Yu , Li Dong , Wang Yun‐Peng , Lu Hui‐Xiu , Sun Jing , Li Hai‐Bin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of long non‐coding RNA taurine up‐regulated gene 1 (lncRNA TUG1) in the peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.MethodsWith the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs: T‐cells, B‐cells and monocytes) collected from SLE patients and healthy controls, TUG1 expression was determined to identify the correlation with the clinicopathological features of SLE patients. Thereby, the diagnostic value of TUG1 expression in diagnosis of SLE was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsAs compared to healthy controls, SLE patients manifested a lower expression of TUG1 in PBMCs, which was further decreased in SLE patients with lupus nephritis (P < .05). The lowest level of TUG1 was found in monocytes, rather than T‐cells or B‐cells (P < .05). Negative correlations were identified between TUG1 levels and SLE Disease Activity Index score (r = −.904, P < .001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = −.779, P < .001), disease duration (r = −.503, P < .001) and 24‐hour urinary protein (r = −.807, P < .001). Complement C3 levels were positively associated with TUG1 expression (r = .817, P < .001). In addition, the area under the ROC curve of diagnostic efficiency for SLE based on TUG1 was 0.982, and 0.930 for SLE with lupus nephritis.ConclusionsThe levels of lncRNA TUG1 was markedly lower in the SLE patients, which was more obvious in SLE patients with lupus nephritis, and thus, it could be a promising clinical diagnostic tool for SLE patients or SLE patients with lupus nephritis.
Characterisation of the inflammatory response triggered by topical ingenol mebutate 0.05% gel in basal cell carcinoma
Authors: García‐de‐la‐Fuente Mª Reyes , Santacana Maria , Verdaguer Joan , Vilardell Felip , Garí Eloi , Casanova Josep Manel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveIngenol mebutate gel is approved for actinic keratosis field therapy, but little has been published as a treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Our objective is to characterise the histopathological changes and the infiltrating cell populations to better understand its mechanism of action.MethodsSixteen patients with various BCC subtypes were prospectively evaluated and treated once daily for two consecutive days with ingenol mebutate gel 0.05% under occlusion. Patients were randomised to two arms: the first arm was biopsied between the third and the tenth day after treatment initiation (‘early immune response’), and the second arm was biopsied at day 30 after treatment initiation (‘late immune response’). The immunopathology was evaluated by immunohistochemistry: anti‐CD3, anti‐CD4, anti‐CD8, anti‐CD20, anti‐CD56, anti‐CD68, anti‐Bcl‐2, anti‐CASP3, anti‐FoxP3, anti‐GrzB and anti‐TIA‐1.ResultsTen BCCs were in complete remission after 2 years of follow‐up. The early immune response was characterised by a quick recruitment of T lymphocytes, macrophages and natural killer cells. At later time‐points, T‐regulatory cells and some pro‐apoptotic markers were detected. Treatment‐related adverse events were described.ConclusionIngenol mebutate gel produces a transient immuno‐inflammatory response and an important necrosis reaction in BCCs. Larger studies will be required to determine the maximum effective tolerated dose of ingenol mebutate gel for BCC.
Proteomic analysis of follicular fluid during human ovulation
Authors: Zakerkish Farnosh , Brännström Mats , Carlsohn Elisabet , Sihlbom Carina , van der Post Sjoerd , Thoroddsen Asgeir 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionHuman ovulation is a biologically complex process that involves several biochemical factors, promoting follicular rupture and release of a fertilizable oocyte. Proteins which are present in follicular fluid at high concentrations during ovulation are likely to be active participants in the biochemical pathways of ovulation. The aim of the study was to identify, by use of a modern proteomic technique, proteins of human follicular fluid which are differentially regulated during ovulation of the natural menstrual cycle.Material and methodsThis prospective experimental study over 3 years included women planned for laparoscopic sterilization. During surgery, retrieval of the dominant follicle was performed either at the preovulatory stage or during ovulation. Four women of preovulatory phase and four women of ovulatory phase met the predetermined criteria of hormone levels for respective phases, and samples of these were finally included out of the 15 women operated. Follicular fluid was aspirated from the excised follicle and subjected to mass spectrometry with the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology for isobaric tagging of peptides. This enables simultaneous identification and quantification of proteins. The protein profiles of the follicular fluid of the preovulatory phase and the ovulatory phase were analyzed, and proteins that were present were identified.ResultsA total of 502 proteins were identified, several of which previously have not been identified in human follicular fluid. Of the 115 proteins that were found in all samples, 20 proteins were at higher levels during ovulation. These were inflammatory‐related proteins, coagulation factors, proteins in lipid metabolism, complement factors and antioxidants. Five proteins were present in lower levels during ovulation, with three being enzymes and the other two proteins of lipid metabolism and iron transport.ConclusionsTwenty‐five follicular fluid proteins, with differential regulation during ovulation, were identified in human follicular fluid of the natural menstrual cycle. These proteins may have essential roles in the ovulatory cascade.
Mutation‐enhanced international prognostic systems for essential thrombocythaemia and polycythaemia vera
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Guglielmelli Paola , Lasho Terra L. , Coltro Giacomo , Finke Christy M. , Loscocco Giuseppe G. , Sordi Benedetta , Szuber Natasha , Rotunno Giada , Pacilli Annalisa , Hanson Curtis A. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Pardanani Animesh , Gangat Naseema , Vannucchi Alessandro M. 
Published: January 2020

SummarySurvival prediction in essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and polycythaemia vera (PV) is currently based on clinically‐derived variables; we examined the possibility of integrating genetic information for predicting survival. To this end, 906 molecularly‐annotated patients (416 Mayo Clinic; 490 University of Florence, Italy), including 502 ET and 404 PV, were recruited. Multivariable analysis identified spliceosome mutations to adversely affect overall (SF3B1, SRSF2 in ET and SRSF2 in PV) and myelofibrosis‐free (U2AF1, SF3B1 in ET) survival; TP53 mutations predicted leukaemic transformation in ET; “adverse” mutations occurred in 51 (10%) ET and 8 (2%) PV patients. We confirmed the independent survival effect of adverse mutations [hazard ratio (HR) 2·4, 95% CI 1·6–3·5], age >60 years (6·6, 4·6–9·7), male sex (1·8, 1·3–2·4) and leukocytosis ≥11 × 109/l (1·6, 1·1–2·2), in ET, and adverse mutations (7·8, 3·1–17·0), age >67 years (5·4, 3·6–8·1), leukocytosis ≥15 × 109/l (2·8, 1·8–4·2) and thrombosis history (2·0, 1·4–2·9), in PV. HR‐based risk point allocation allowed development of three‐tiered mutation‐enhanced international prognostic systems (MIPSS) which were validated in both cohorts and performance was shown to be superior to conventional scoring systems. Spliceosome mutations enhance survival prediction in ET and PV and identify patients at risk for fibrotic progression. TP53 mutations predict leukaemic transformation in ET.
Prognostic role of parafibromin staining and CDC73 mutation in patients with parathyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis based on individual patient data
Authors: Zhu Ruizhe , Wang Zixing , Hu Ya 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveParathyroid carcinoma (PC) is a rare malignant neoplasm with a relatively poor prognosis. The loss of parafibromin expression or the presence of CDC73 mutation has been found to be remarkably associated with malignancy in parathyroid tumours. However, the prognostic role of them in PC has not yet been shown due to sampling limitations. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis based on individual patient data to clarify the performance of parafibromin immunohistochemical staining and CDC73 gene sequencing in predicting outcomes for patients PC.MethodsPublished studies from PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane and Scopus Databases were searched using the terms ‘parafibromin’, ‘CDC73’, ‘HRPT2’ and ‘parathyroid’ to identify eligible studies. From the included studies, the survival data of patients with PC were extracted, and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess hazard ratio (HR) for disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 193 patients from 9 studies were included in this survival analysis. Negative immunohistochemical staining of parafibromin was shown to be a risk factor for recurrence/metastasis (HR 2.73, P = .002) and death (HR 2.54, P = .004). Patient age ≥ 50 years was significantly related to lower OS (HR 2.37, P = .004) but not to DFS. CDC73 mutation was not statistically related to DFS or OS.ConclusionsNegative parafibromin staining indicated a higher risk of recurrence/metastasis and mortality. The immunohistochemical staining of parafibromin seems to be more promising in predicting outcomes for patients with PC than the sequencing of CDC73.