bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Mitogenomes of the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) Reconstruct Its Phylogeography and Reveal the Origin of Migrant Birds?
Authors: Wang Erjia , Zhang Dezhi , Braun Markus Santhosh , Hotz-Wagenblatt Agnes , Pärt Tomas , Arlt Debora , Schmaljohann Heiko , Bairlein Franz , Lei Fumin , Wink Michael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe, including the nominate and the two subspecies O. o. leucorhoa and O. o. libanotica) and the Seebohm’s Wheatear (Oenanthe seebohmi) are today regarded as two distinct species. Before, all four taxa were regarded as four subspecies of the Northern Wheatear. Their classification has exclusively been based on ecological and morphological traits, while their molecular characterization is still missing. With this study, we used next-generation sequencing to assemble 117 complete mitochondrial genomes covering O. o. oenanthe, O. o. leucorhoa and O. seebohmi. We compared the resolution power of each individual mitochondrial marker and concatenated marker sets to reconstruct the phylogeny and estimate speciation times of three taxa. Moreover, we tried to identify the origin of migratory wheatears caught on Helgoland (Germany) and on Crete (Greece). Mitogenome analysis revealed two different ancient lineages that separated around 400,000 years ago. Both lineages consisted of a mix of subspecies and species. The phylogenetic trees, as well as haplotype networks are incongruent with the present morphology-based classification. Mitogenome could not distinguish these presumed species. The genetic panmixia among present populations and taxa might be the consequence of mitochondrial introgression between ancient wheatear populations.
MiR-195 enhances cardiomyogenic differentiation of the proepicardium/septum transversum by Smurf1 and Foxp1 modulation
Authors: Dueñas Angel , Expósito Almudena , Muñoz María del Mar , de Manuel María José , Cámara-Morales Andrea , Serrano-Osorio Fabio , García-Padilla Carlos , Hernández-Torres Francisco , Domínguez Jorge N. , Aránega Amelia , Franco Diego 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCardiovascular development is a complex developmental process in which multiple cell lineages are involved, namely the deployment of first and second heart fields. Beside the contribution of these cardiogenic fields, extracardiac inputs to the developing heart are provided by the migrating cardiac neural crest cells and the proepicardial derived cells. The proepicardium (PE) is a transitory cauliflower-like structure located between the cardiac and hepatic primordia. The PE is constituted by an internal mesenchymal component surrounded by an external epithelial lining. With development, cells derived from the proepicardium migrate to the neighboring embryonic heart and progressive cover the most external surface, leading to the formation of the embryonic epicardium. Experimental evidence in chicken have nicely demonstrated that epicardial derived cells can distinctly contribute to fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Surprisingly, isolation of the developing PE anlage and ex vivo culturing spontaneously lead to differentiation into beating cardiomyocytes, a process that is enhanced by Bmp but halted by Fgf administration. In this study we provide a comprehensive characterization of the developmental expression profile of multiple microRNAs during epicardial development in chicken. Subsequently, we identified that miR-125, miR-146, miR-195 and miR-223 selectively enhance cardiomyogenesis both in the PE/ST explants as well as in the embryonic epicardium, a Smurf1- and Foxp1-driven process. In addition we identified three novel long non-coding RNAs with enhanced expression in the PE/ST, that are complementary regulated by Bmp and Fgf administration and well as by microRNAs that selectively promote cardiomyogenesis, supporting a pivotal role of these long non coding RNAs in microRNA-mediated cardiomyogenesis of the PE/ST cells.
Filamentary Resistive Switching and Capacitance-Voltage Characteristics of the a-IGZO/TiO2 Memory
Authors: Heo Kwan-Jun , Kim Han-Sang , Lee Jae-Yun , Kim Sung-Jin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, molybdenum tungsten/amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO)/TiO2/n-type Si-based resistive random access memory (ReRAM) is manufactured. After deposition of the a-IGZO, annealing was performed at 200, 300, 400, and 500 °C for approximately 1 h in order to analyze the effect of temperature change on the ReRAM after post annealing in a furnace. As a result of measuring the current-voltage curve, the a-IGZO/TiO2-based ReRAM annealed at 400 °C reached compliance current in a low-resistance state, and showed the most complete hysteresis curve. In the a-IGZO layer annealed at 400 °C, the O1/Ototal value increased most significantly, to approximately 78.2%, and the O3/Ototal value decreased the most, to approximately 2.6%. As a result, the a-IGZO/TiO2-based ReRAM annealed at 400 °C reduced conductivity and prevented an increase in leakage current caused by oxygen vacancies with sufficient recovery of the metal-oxygen bond. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the a-IGZO surface showed hillocks at a high post annealing temperature of 500 °C, which greatly increased the surface roughness and caused the surface area performance to deteriorate. Finally, as a result of measuring the capacitance-voltage curve in the a-IGZO/TiO2-based ReRAM in the range of −2 V to 4 V, the accumulation capacitance value of the ReRAM annealed at 400 °C increased most in a nonvolatile behavior.
Hesperidin Loaded on Gold Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System for a Successful Biocompatible, Anti-Cancer, Anti-Inflammatory and Phagocytosis Inducer Model
Authors: Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Waheeb Hanaa M. , Jabir Majid S. , Khazaal Shaymaa H. , Dewir Yaser Hassan , Naidoo Yougasphree 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHesperidin is a flavonoid glycoside with proven therapeutic activities for various diseases, including cancer. However, its poor solubility and bioavailability render it only slightly absorbed, requiring a delivery system to reach its therapeutic target. Hesperidin loaded on gold nanoparticles (Hsp-AuNPs) was prepared by a chemical synthesis method. Various characterization techniques such as UV-VIS spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM and EDX, Zeta potential analysis, particle size analysis, were used to confirm the synthesis of Hsp-AuNPs. The cytotoxic effect of Hsp-AuNPs on human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) was assessed using MTT and crystal violet assays. The results revealed significant decrease in proliferation and inhibition of growth of the treated cells when compared with human normal breast epithelial cell line (HBL-100). Determination of apoptosis by fluorescence microscope was also performed using acridine orange-propidium iodide dual staining assay. The in vivo study was designed to evaluate the toxicity of Hsp-AuNPs in mice. The levels of hepatic and kidney functionality markers were assessed. No significant statistical differences were found for the tested indicators. Histological images of liver, spleen, lung and kidney showed no apparent damages and histopathological abnormalities after treatment with Hsp-AuNPs. Hsp-AuNPs ameliorated the functional activity of macrophages against Ehrlich ascites tumor cells-bearing mice. The production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines was also assessed in bone marrow–derived macrophage cells treated with Hsp-AuNPs. The results obviously demonstrated that Hsp-AuNPs treatment significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF.
EXOSC9 depletion attenuates P-body formation, stress resistance, and tumorigenicity of cancer cells
Authors: Yoshino Seiko , Matsui Yusuke , Fukui Yuya , Seki Masahide , Yamaguchi Kiyoshi , Kanamori Akane , Saitoh Yurika , Shimamura Teppei , Suzuki Yutaka , Furukawa Yoichi , Kaneko Shuichi , Seiki Motoharu , Murakami Yoshinori , Inoue Jun-ichiro , Sakamoto Takeharu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCancer cells adapt to various stress conditions by optimizing gene expression profiles via transcriptional and translational regulation. However, whether and how EXOSC9, a component of the RNA exosome complex, regulates adaptation to stress conditions and tumorigenicity in cancer cells remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects of EXOSC9 depletion on cancer cell growth under various stress conditions. EXOSC9 depletion attenuated growth and survival under various stress conditions in cancer cells. Interestingly, this also decreased the number of P-bodies, which are messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) required for stress adaptation. Meanwhile, EXOSC2/EXOSC4 depletion also attenuated P-body formation and stress resistance with decreased EXOSC9 protein. EXOSC9-mediated stress resistance and P-body formation were found to depend on the intact RNA-binding motif of this protein. Further, RNA-seq analyses identified 343 EXOSC9-target genes, among which, APOBEC3G contributed to defects in stress resistance and P-body formation in MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, EXOSC9 also promoted xenografted tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in an intact RNA-binding motif-dependent manner. Database analyses further showed that higher EXOSC9 activity, estimated based on the expression of 343 target genes, was correlated with poorer prognosis in some cancer patients. Thus, drugs targeting activity of the RNA exosome complex or EXOSC9 might be useful for cancer treatment.
Group B Streptococcus colonization rate and serotype distribution among pregnant women and their newborns at Adama Hospital Medical College, Ethiopia
Authors: Ali Musa Mohammed , Asrat Daniel , Fenta Demissie Assegu , Chaka Tolossa Eticha , Woldeamanuel Yimtubezinash 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRectovaginal area of pregnant women can be colonized transiently with group B Streptococcus (GBS) without causing disease. The bacteria can be transmitted to the newborn before and during birth and cause early-onset neonatal disease. In this study, we aimed to determine the GBS colonization rate among pregnant women before delivery and their newborns and serotypes distribution of GBS. Two hundred-eighty pregnant women along with their newborns were screened for GBS colonization from June 2014 to October 2014 at Adama Hospital Medical College. Rectovaginal swabs from pregnant women before delivery and specimen from nasal area, external ear, umbilical cord and throat of newborns were collected and cultured. The serotyping of GBS was performed by using serotype-specific antisera. To collect sociodemographic and clinical data we employed a structured questionnaire. GBS colonization among pregnant women and their newborns were 13.2% 95% CI (8.9–17.5) and 7.4% 95% CI (4.6–10.6). Out of 37 GBS strains recovered from pregnant women, the prevalent serotypes were Ia 6(16.2%), Ib 8(21.6%), II 10(27%), III 3(8.1%), and V 8(21.6%). Out of 21 GBS strains recovered from newborns, prevalent serotypes were Ia 3(14.3%), Ib 6(28.6%), II 6(28.6%), III 4(19%), and V 1(4.8%). This study indicated the existence of primary risk factors for neonatal disease in Adama area. Serotype II was the common serotype detected in this study which is followed by serotype Ib, Ia, and V. As colonizing GBS serotypes could cause invasive disease among newborns, vaccine formulation which includes serotype II, Ia, V, Ib, and III can prevent of invasive disease caused by GBS in the study area.
convertibleCARs: A chimeric antigen receptor system for flexible control of activity and antigen targeting
Authors: Landgraf Kyle E. , Williams Steven R. , Steiger Daniel , Gebhart Dana , Lok Stephen , Martin David W. , Roybal Kole T. , Kim Kaman Chan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe have developed a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) platform that functions as a modular system to address limitations of traditional CAR therapies. An inert form of the human NKG2D extracellular domain (iNKG2D) was engineered as the ectodomain of the CAR to generate convertibleCARTM-T cells. These cells were specifically directed to kill antigen-expressing target cells only in the presence of an activating bispecific adapter comprised of an iNKG2D-exclusive ULBP2-based ligand fused to an antigen-targeting antibody (MicAbodyTM). Efficacy against Raji tumors in NSG mice was dependent upon doses of both a rituximab-based MicAbody and convertibleCAR-T cells. We have also demonstrated that the exclusive ligand-receptor partnering enabled the targeted delivery of a mutant form of IL-2 to selectively promote the expansion of convertibleCAR-T cells in vitro and in vivo. By altering the Fv domains of the MicAbody or the payload fused to the orthogonal ligand, convertibleCAR-T cells can be readily targeted or regulated.
3D electromagnetic behaviours and discharge characteristics of superconducting flywheel energy storage system with radial‐type high‐temperature bearing
Authors: Yu Zhiqiang , Feng Wenjie , Sun Xiaoyun , Gu Zhifeng , Wen Cheng 
Published: June 2020

The authors have built a 2 kW/28.5 kJ superconducting flywheel energy storage system (SFESS) with a radial‐type high‐temperature superconducting bearing (HTSB). Its 3D dynamic electromagnetic behaviours were investigated based on the H ‐method, showing the non‐uniform electromagnetic force due to unevenly distributed induced current may cause the superconducting magnet stator of the HTSB cracks. As the SFESS discharges, the amplitude and frequency of the discharge voltage decrease with speed, dropping by 55 and 58%, respectively, from the beginning phase (BP) to the middle phase (MP), by 41 and 37% from the MP to end phase. The decay rates of the discharge voltage and its fluctuation are both increased compared with the no‐load operation. During the BP to MP, the output power is higher, the power quality is better and the harmonics are less. The amplitude and frequency of radial vibration are proportional to speed, larger than that during the no‐load operation in the same case, and in the BP about 1.8 and 8.8% amplitude in the x and y directions, respectively. Its two norm is increasing by 2.6%, probably leading to the friction between the shaft and protective bearings, gradually becoming greater with speed.
Conceptual design approach of wideband fractal dielectric resonator antenna
Authors: Gangwar Kapil , Sharma Anand , Gangwar Ravi Kumar 
Published: June 2020

This study explains a novel wideband curvilinear Sierpinski fractal geometry (CSFG) based cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna. CSFG provides wider bandwidth by the combination of two important concepts: (i) reduction in volume to the surface area of the complete radiating structure, which in turn reduces the Q‐factor; (ii) generation of two radiating modes inside the radiating structure HEM11δ and TM01δ. The prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated for verifying the simulated results. Measured reflection coefficient (|S11|) shows that the proposed antenna structure operates over the frequency range 2.2–3.5 GHz with the fractional bandwidth of 45.61%. Diversified radiation pattern, i.e. monopole (due to TM01δ mode) and broadside (due to HEM11δ mode) is also an important feature of the proposed antenna structure. The antenna design is relevant for WLAN (2.5 GHz) and WiMAX (3.3 GHz) applications.
Circularly polarised microstrip line leaky‐wave antenna terminated with patch
Authors: Pan Yongsheng , Dong Yuandan 
Published: June 2020

A novel gain/bandwidth enhanced leaky‐wave microstrip line antenna with circular polarisation (CP) is proposed. Different from common leaky‐wave antennas with an open, short or resistive termination, this antenna consists of a leaky‐wave rampart‐line antenna terminated with a CP patch radiator. The energy from the feeding point is first radiated by the rampart‐line antenna, while the remaining part is radiated through the CP patch element. As a result, the size of the leaky‐wave part can be reduced. The resulting size of this antenna is only 1.6 × 1.6 λ2.4G (λ2.4G is free space wavelength at 2.4 GHz). Energy loss caused by the resistive termination is avoided, so that high efficiency is achieved – higher than 85% within the whole band. By introducing slight CP centre frequency difference between the patch and rampart antenna, two CP resonances were generated and the 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is substantially broadened. Measured AR bandwidth is 9.9% (2.30–2.54 GHz). Its − 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 2.25 GHz to higher than 3 GHz, and peak gain is 13.2 dBic. The proposed antenna has a fully used radiation aperture, achieving a favourable performance, such as wide bandwidth, high gain, and a relatively stable (less tilted) boresight radiation.
Design of a wideband substrate integrated waveguide antenna with high‐gain employing two bow‐tie‐shaped slots
Authors: Yang Ming , Zhou Jinzhi 
Published: June 2020

In this work, a compact antenna employing the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is investigated to achieve the characteristics of wideband and high gain. A pair of novel elliptical patches, which operate as an electric dipole, are loaded on the upper surface of the antenna. Two bow‐tie‐shaped slots are etched in parallel on the upper surface of SIW to obtain the features of magneto dipole and wideband. Combined with the low profile character of the SIW, the low cost of printed circuit board technology and the broadband characteristic of magneto‐electric (ME) dipole, a 1 × 8 SIW ME‐dipole antenna array is proposed and fabricated. The experimental result of the proposed prototype shows that the 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 42.3% from 19.4 to 29.8 GHz, which is basically consistent with the simulated result. Moreover, the antenna gain up to 14.6 dBi and the radiation efficiency higher than 82.6% are also obtained during the experiment. In the whole resonance band, excellent directional radiation, cross‐polarisation level <−25 dB and gain fluctuation <2.7 dB all suggest that the array can be applied to a fifth‐generation wireless network.
Myocardial Mapping in Systemic Sarcoidosis: A Comparison of Two Measurement Approaches
Authors: Dabir Darius , Luetkens Julian , Kuetting Daniel , Nadal Jennifer , Schild Hans Heinz , Thomas Daniel 
Published: June 2020

Purpose To investigate if T1 and T2 mapping is able to differentiate between diseased and healthy myocardium in patients with systemic sarcoidosis, and to compare the standard mapping measurement (measurement within the whole myocardium of the midventricular short axis slice, SAX) to a more standardized method measuring relaxation times within the midventricular septum (ConSept).
Materials and Methods 24 patients with biopsy-proven extracardiac sarcoidosis and 17 healthy control subjects were prospectively enrolled in this study and underwent CMR imaging at 1.5 T including native T1 and T2 mapping. Patients were divided into patients with (LGE+) and without (LGE–) cardiac sarcoidosis. T1 and T2 relaxation times were compared between patients and controls. Furthermore, the SAX and the ConSept approach were compared regarding differentiation between healthy and diseased myocardium.
Results T1 and T2 relaxation times were significantly longer in all patients compared with controls using both the SAX and the ConSept approach (p < 0.05). However, LGE+ and LGE– patients showed no significant differences in T1 and T2 relaxation times regardless of the measurement approach used (ConSept/SAX) (p > 0.05). Direct comparison of ConSept and SAX T1 mapping showed high conformity in the discrimination between healthy and diseased myocardium (Kappa = 0.844).
Conclusion T1 and T2 mapping may not only enable noninvasive recognition of cardiac involvement in patients with systemic sarcoidosis but may also serve as a marker for early cardiac involvement of the disease allowing for timely treatment. ConSept T1 mapping represents an equivalent method for tissue characterization in this population compared to the SAX approach. Further studies including follow-up examinations are necessary to confirm these preliminary results.
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Citation Format
Avaliação do uso de aplicativo de celular para auxílio no processo de reabilitação da cirurgia do ombro
Authors: Giusti André Luis , Reginaldo Sandro da Silva , Caixeta Thiago Barbosa , Chaibe Eduardo Damaceno , Moraes Leonardo Vieira Santos , Oliveira Rodolpho Lemes de 
Published: June 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade de um aplicativo de celular desenvolvido para orientar pacientes em período pós-operatório de procedimentos cirúrgicos do ombro.
Métodos Desenvolveu-se um aplicativo gratuito e de fácil acesso para auxiliar os pacientes em domicílio. Os indivíduos foram monitorados quanto ao uso do aplicativo e adaptação à sua prática antes do início da fisioterapia. Ao final de 6 semanas, aplicou-se um questionário qualitativo para avaliar a usabilidade do aplicativo.
Resultados Um total de 97% dos respondentes afirmaram que foi fácil executar o download do aplicativo, que os exercícios sugeridos foram prontamente entendidos, e relataram que indicariam o aplicativo. Noventa e três por cento da amostra concorda que o aplicativo fez com que se sentissem mais participativos com relação ao tratamento de sua doença, enquanto 90% consideraram o aplicativo autoexplicativo.
Conclusão O uso de uma plataforma virtual é uma ferramenta de compreensão sobre o tratamento e auxilia na prescrição médica de exercícios pós-operatórios domiciliares.
A presença do pé torto congênito atrasa o início da marcha?
Authors: Bertinatto Ronan , Forlin Edilson , Wustro Leonardo , Tolotti Jacqueline Ojeda , de Souza Geovanna Andrade Labres 
Published: June 2020

Resumo
Objetivo O pé torto congênito (PTC) é uma das alterações ortopédicas congênitas que mais frequentemente necessita tratamento intensivo, e pouco se sabe o impacto desse tratamento no desenvolvimento motor. O presente estudo buscou avaliar se pacientes portadores de PTC tratados pelo método de Ponseti desenvolvem a marcha mais tardiamente comparado a um grupo controle e analisar possíveis fatores relacionados.
Métodos Incluídos pacientes nascidos a termo, com < 6 meses de idade, sem tratamento prévio e com seguimento mínimo de 24 meses. O grupo controle foi de pacientes sem alterações musculoesqueléticas, atendidos no mesmo período da realização do presente estudo.
Resultados Um total de 97 pacientes formaram o grupo de estudo e 100 o grupo controle. A média de idade no início da marcha no grupo de estudo foi de 14,7 ± 3,2 meses, e 12,6 ± 1,5 meses (p < 0,05) no grupo controle. Fatores relacionados à marcha tardia foram: idade de início do tratamento > 3 semanas, número de trocas gessadas > 7, recidiva e não realização da tenotomia de Aquiles. Idade de início do tratamento > 3 semanas esteve relacionada a maior número de trocas de gessos. Gênero e lateralidade não tiveram relação com a marcha tardia.
Conclusão Pacientes com PTC tratados com o método de Ponseti apresentam marcha independente aproximadamente 2 meses mais tarde do que o grupo controle. Início mais tardio do tratamento, maior número de trocas de gessos, recidiva e não realização da tenotomia de Aquiles foram relacionados com atraso da marcha.
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Shin David S. , Vo Hong , Johnson Guy , Pichler Raimund , Biggins Scott W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCirrhosis with complications of portal hypertension portends a poor prognosis. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) can successfully treat some of these complications in select patients. While the safety and efficacy of TIPS have improved significantly over the past decade, certain patients are categorized as high-risk based on various demographic, laboratory, and comorbid factors. Herein, we provide an in-depth review of TIPS in these settings, including high model for end-stage liver disease score, hepatic malignancy, advanced age, cardiac disease, renal dysfunction, and pregnancy, and discuss their impact on patient selection and procedural considerations.