bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Biological Characteristics of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée which Destroyed Young Shoot and Fruit of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.): A case in Trang Bom district, Dong Nai province, Vietnam
Authors: Hung Vu Van , Viet Hung Dang , Thi Lan Anh Dang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Leucinodes orbonalis Guenée adult had white insect into dark brown colour. Wings were marked by three small triangular with a pinkish to bluish colour mixed pinkish orangish or dark brown. L. orbonalis female dimension were about 9.6 – 12.3mm, the dimension of L.orbonalis male were 8.1 – 9.5mm. Eggs were 1.0 – 1.2mm in length and oval or elliptical shape. The incubation time was around 5.0 – 6.0 days. Larvae are developed by six stages of age, larvae development period lasts 10 – 12 days. Pupae were pink to dark pink in colour and shiny with the length, width were 11.47 – 15.33 mm, 4.40 – 6.45mm respectively. Pupae developed about 8 – 9 days. The life cycle of L. orbonalis lasted 25.30 ± 0.92 days. L. orbonalis feeding in laboratory had high hatching rate, just 9.36% were not hatched. The early stage of larvae had high death-rate (27.98%) mainly due to dispersion. The older larvae had lower death-rate (10.12%). Pupae had high developed rate, only 4.10% were not development. There were equal rate between male and female adult of L. orbonalis. Laying eggs period of female adult lasted 3 days, in there the first day was the highest laying rate (113 eggs/female/day). L. orbonalis densities were highest on the young shoot and fruit of eggplant at the stage after planting 95 – 150 days and was reduced in a after growing.
The Technology of Dehydrated Soup Base from Poultry Meat and Bone Residue
Authors: Polyanskikh S V , Danyliv M M , Dubrovina U R , Ozherelyeva O N , Vasilenko O A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This research paper describes the technology for obtaining dehydrated soup base from the meat and bone residue obtained during the primary processing of poultry. The authors proposed a rational cutting of poultry and assessed the chemical composition of the meat and bone residue; during experimental studies it was found that a significant amount of fat predominates in the bone residue, where skin from the neck was used and makes up 21.3%, the protein remained at the level of 22.7 % Water-soluble proteins predominate in the meat and bone residue and make up 52.3 and 63.1% for the residue from the carcass and the residue from the carcass and skin, respectively, the mass fraction of alkali-soluble proteins is 23.5 and 17.6%, respectively. The total mass fraction of essential amino acids is lower than in minced meat, the limiting amino acids are lysine (71%), leucine (69%), and threonine (68%). To organize the convection drying, we used a dryer with a liquid vibro-boiling bed.
Influence of inclination angle of piezoelectric receiver of ultrasonic sensor on the error in measurement of the average fiber diameter
Authors: Bagaev A A , Kulikova L V , Kunitsyn R A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

During experimental studies, an ultrasonic device was used which in terms of design ensured maximum acoustic pressure on the receiving element, minimized the effect of external disturbances (environmental condition parameters) on the measurement result; decreased spatial variations of the source and receiver of ultrasonic waves during measurement, optimized the design and spatial positioning of ultrasonic vibration receiver.

The measuring channel settings accepted during experimental studies are as following: ak -design constant of measuring channel; ak = 14, where a is half-width of the channel, a = 5 mm; k - wave number, k = 2.8. Experimental evaluation had confirmed theoretically substantiated effect of inclination angle of the receiving element of the ultrasonic sensor on the error in measurement of wool fineness in a disarrayed sample. At the inclination angle of the ultrasonic sensor receiver of fi = 48° relative to the longitudinal axis of the measuring channel, the error does not exceed ±1.5%, and at the angle offi = 0° it does not exceed ±5%.

The reason for more accurate measurement of wool fineness at fi = 48° in accordance with the developed theoretical provisions is that the inclination of the receiving piezoelectric element of the sensor relative to the longitudinal axis of the measuring channel eliminates the need for receiver installation at the angle of fi = 0° strictly in so-called ultrasonic wave antinode, which poses a significant technical problem at ultrasonic wave frequency of 150 kHz. Besides, the receiver arrangement at inclination relative to the longitudinal axis of the measuring channel allows increasing the spots of contact of ultrasonic wave with the surface of the receiving element irrespective of wave phase, and increases the average acoustic pressure and decreases the measurement error.
Assessing the forcing level of air cooled diesel engine considering parameter spread of boosting system
Authors: Lartsev A M , Salykin E A , Fedyanov E A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Spread of parameter values of piston internal combustion engine boosting parts is normally due to extreme deviations (spread, error margin) of original parts and quality of assembly. Spread of relation of boosting pressure to counter pressure at outlet of turbo compressors Pk/Pt of the same type affects not only the engine parameters, but also thermal expansion of cylinder-piston group parts and cylinder head. At stable relation value of Pk/Pt, boosting pressure and maximal air flow, turbo compressor allows us to reduce the thermal factor of combustion chamber and cylinder head due to higher values of air excess ratios. This is very important, first of all for air cooled engine as in case of dramatic surge of its thermal factor we face a risk of cracks occurring in inter valve and inter valve- nozzle connectors of cylinder head fire bottom, cracking of setting bevels at valves of gas distribution mechanism. We analyzed the impact of technological spread of boosting details parameter on the value of achieved forcing limit. Impact analysis of technological spread of turbo compressor parameters on diesel engine performance was done on the basis of test results of ten B-400 engines, fitted with randomly selected pairs of TKP8,5-C7 turbo compressors out of a lot of 20 pieces. For each turbo compressor we determined preliminarily characteristics and efficiency factors nK, of turbine nT and of a unit as a whole n™.
Application of the photoelasticity method for studying the stress-strain state of the tribomechanical system “ring-bearing housing”
Authors: Vakhrushev V V , Nemtsev A E , Ivanov N M , Shindelov AV 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the use of the polarization-optical method for assessing the stress-strain state of films of polymeric material in the restored tribomechanical system “bearing ring - housing” and the dependences for determining the magnitude of the principal stresses are proposed.
When studying the stress-strain state, compounds with a diameter of the contact surface of 40 mm from an optically sensitive material imitating an adhesive layer were used as models. The photoelasticity method showed that the maximum stresses occurred on the axis of symmetry of the model, and the contact arc was 180 degrees. A qualitative picture of the strips indicates the identity of the stress-strain state of the adhesive joint model both for the uniform gap model and for the eccentricity models.
A finite differences approach for fluid-structure interaction in a hydrostatic compliant thrust bearing
Authors: Marinescu A A , Cicone T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It is well known since the pioneering work of Dowson and Castelli that load capacity increases in compliant (elastic pad) hydrostatic bearings, compared to their rigid counterparts. In a recently published paper, a new design solution of a flexible pad hydrostatic bearing was proposed and analysed theoretically. A simplified analytical model was proposed for the fluid-structure interaction. The model was based on two important simplifications: linear pressure distribution on the bearing land, used to calculate the deformation of the pad, and parabolic variation of film thickness in the Reynolds equation. The analysis was made for isothermal conditions and constant pressure in the recess. This new approach relaxes the two simplifications by considering a linearly elastic model for the flexible pad and including its deformation in the Reynolds equation. A finite differences scheme is proposed for both the fluid flow and elastic deformation, considering the flexible plate simply supported. The consistency and convergence of the iterative solution are analysed, and comparisons with previous analytical solutions are shown. These results show the limits of the accuracy of the simplified analytical model and allow the selection of the design parameters of a test rig.
New concepts in friction reduction in preloaded assemblies of angular-contact ball bearings
Authors: Zamă A , Olaru D , Paleu V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Angular contact ball bearings are able to simultaneously accommodate both radial and axial loads. The application filed of ball bearings ranges from the automotive industry, machine tools, machines and equipment for electricity generation to household appliances. This paper presents the current state of the research undertaken in the field of ball bearings friction reduction and summarizes the conditions needed to achieve this by making use of preloading. In order to test the influence of preloading on ball bearings friction, the authors of this paper are also presenting a new device that was designed for the testing of angular contact ball bearings.
Morphological and tribological studies of thermal plasma jet deposited coatings used in cardan joints
Authors: Dascălu A , Istrate B , Munteanu C , Paleu Cîrlan C , Paleu V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
All wheels drive (AWD) and railway vehicles require a longitudinal transmission. Double cardan joint is one of the most employed transmission, as it allows misalignments between the shafts. This transmission must support the maximum motor torque and high dynamic loads. In such situation, from tribological viewpoint, cardan joints are subjected to abrasive wear. To increase wear resistance of cardan joints, its rolling elements can be coated with ceramic or metal-ceramic coatings. This paper presents an experimental research on microstructure and dry friction characteristics of two steel samples obtained from cardan crosses (40Cr10 and RUL2), coated by two types of metallic powders (METCO32 and METCO72). Microstructural studies of both surface and cross –section of samples were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dry tribological tests at constant speed and load were carried out on AMSLER machine. The micro-structural experiments revealed a structure with a relatively homogeneous character, partially melted particles and several microcracks being detected. Following the tribological tests, it was found that the METCO72 coating provides the lowest coefficient of friction, near values being obtained for both substrates of 40Cr10 and RUL2. The best combination is formed by 40Cr10 substrate and METCO72 coating.
Contact stress simulation problem in case of the Mg alloys
Authors: Lupescu S , Munteanu C , Tufescu A , Istrate B , Basescu N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper highlights the simulations of the contact stresses generated in the case of the load applied on biodegradable alloys based on Mg (Mg-0.5 Ca-xY), starting from previous studies done on these alloys and the homogeneity of the materials in different areas. Thus, it was tried to establish the parameters necessary for modeling, so that it would define as accurately the material studied. The main purpose of this paper was to identify the maximum values of the strain developed at the point of contact on the surface of the biodegradable alloys. This value was subsequently used to determine the limit values, for the practical use of these biodegradable alloys.
Mechanical properties determination for a hybrid sandwich bar reinforced with steel wire mesh
Authors: Rădoi A I , Miriţoiu C M , Bogdan M , Bolcu A , Geonea I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, some new original hybrid sandwich beams were built in this way: the core is made with polypropylene honeycomb and the reinforcement is made with steel wire mesh. The connection between the reinforcement and the core was made with epoxy resin. The aim of this study is to create a beam from classic materials but combined in a way to obtain a new and original structure. The static experimental conditions are characterized by bending loading of the beams and the determination of statically stiffness. The dynamic parameters were determined from the beams free vibrations. The next experimental montage was used: the beams were clamped at one end and were left free at the other end. At the free end, a Bruel&Kjaer accelerometer with 0.04 pC/ms−2 sensitivity was placed. A force was applied at the free end to bend the beams and after bending, the force was cancelled and the beams were left to freely vibrate. From the free vibrations recording, the next mechanical parameters were determined: the eigenfrequency of the first eigenmode, the damping factors per unit mass and per unit length, the loss factor, the dynamic stiffness and the dynamic Young modulus.
Ecological process for depositing thin layers with high tribology resistance for reconditioning the hydraulic turbines
Authors: Tugui C A , Vizureanu P , Danila N A , Perju M C. , Burduhos-Nergis D P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Plasma thin-film deposition can be used to refurbish hydraulic turbine assemblies and subassemblies. In the case of reconditioning by the plasma jet deposition method, one or more plasma jet passes may be carried-out over the worn surface until the gaps achieved by the effect of the hydro-abrasive wear are filled with the depositing material. This paper presents the results obtained at the hardness tests of the thin layers deposited by plasma jet with powders based on Nickel and Boron (Deloro 60). Also, the adhesion of the multiple layers to the base material as well as the adhesion between the layers and the defects that appear on its separation surface were studied. The samples were also analysed from the point of view of the chemical composition by EDX probe and structurally by optical and electron microscopy Vickers-type micro-hardness tests were performed to determine the micro-hardness of the base material and the deposited layer. The VEGA II LMH electron microscope (TESCAN) with TAX QX2 EDX module was used to determine the material structure. The samples were obtained by the method of spraying in mesh spray with Ni powder. By this type of deposition, an easy method of obtaining and rectifying the blades of the hydraulic turbines is obtained with aims to harden the turbine’s blades, in order to increase the wear resistance without affecting the corrosion resistance.
A state of the art of predictive maintenance techniques
Authors: Coandă P , Avram M , Constantin V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nowadays in industry there is a great and increasing demand in resource management, taking into consideration the ever-growing complexity of technical systems. The concept of maintenance is one the most important topics of product development today. As the factories and the industry evolves, the need of proper maintenance plays a major factor in cost and efficiency optimization. In this paper a state of the art of maintenance techniques is presented, predictive maintenance being one of the biggest topics going forward. Predictive maintenance techniques are discussed and presented in detail creating the necessary links with nowadays industry advances: Industry 4.0.
Appraisal of gear pitting severity by vibration signal analysis
Authors: Geröcs A , Korka Z I , Bloju A V , Sfetcu C R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Gears are mechanical components used to transfer power between two machines and to modify the operating speed. When they are operating at high loads and speeds the gear teeth surfaces are subjected to loads, which, even in proper lubrication conditions, are leading to failures like scuffing, scoring, spalling or pitting. As the vibration of a gearbox is carrying the signature of the gear faults, these deficiencies may be detected by measuring and analysing the vibration signal. In this research, experimental investigations were accomplished in order to evaluate the gear pitting severity by means of vibration signal measurement and analysis. Thus, four pinions with different pitting grades, created by artificial means, where incorporated in a single helical gearbox and tested on an open-energy test rig. The collected vibration measurements have provided the information regarding the pitting severity, supplying information for the assessment of the gears failure stage. For processing the signals a relative new technique was used, namely the Sideband Energy Ratio™ (SER).
Design, tuning and evaluation of a stand-alone nitinol based thermomechanical actuator driver with a closed-loop position control system
Authors: Popescu Nicolae 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nitinol based actuators can be used in many applications. Many of them are simple logic-type applications where intermediate positions or contractions are not required. For such applications, a simple current limiting circuit with enable function can be used. The biggest problem is when we want to use the actuator for positioning applications. In this case, by simply adjusting the current flowing through the nitinol wire is not going to solve the problem. On one hand, the range where we can adjust the current is very small. On the other hand, the hysteresis and thermal inertia are involved in the process. The last and the worst thing is the ambient temperature that will vary in a random way. As a conclusion, the author’s original research for a dedicated driver with position feedback did the job done, eliminating all the related problems. Finally, the driver was implemented, tuned for the mechanical test jig and evaluated under rough conditions in order to prove that the driver can reject the external disturbances. Furthermore, unlike a traditional on/off driver, the designed driver can prolong the lifetime of the actuator by keeping the actuator current at a safe level even in saturation conditions and, by limiting the maximum rate of change of the temperature, thermal shocks can be avoided.
Dismantling strategy for capacitors placed on printed circuits boards: challenges and preliminary results
Authors: Cazan S , Chirita D , Stamate C , Irimia D , Burlacu A , Doroftei I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present paper describes the challenges and preliminary results obtained during the design and implementation of a disassembly system for capacitors placed on printed circuits boards. This research is included in an attempt to reduce the impact of the electronic waste. The proposed architecture includes a six axis multipurpose industrial robot, dedicated sensors and a custom built tool. An originally designed rotary tool, with a specific type of drill bit, was used to dismantle each capacitor on the board. A sensor triggers the tool for the drill rotation when the perforation is accomplished accordingly, so that the friction force is big enough to initiate the dismantling procedure. Using the rotation movement of the drill, at a calculated number of rotations, the capacitors are successfully dismantled from the printed circuits board. An artificial vision system composed from a stereo camera and an image-processing algorithm, provides data with regard to the position of each capacitor on the printed circuit board. A vacuum cleaner was integrated in the scheme to recover the capacitors after dismantling. The scheme design was perpetually optimized using dedicated simulation software. Also, preliminary results obtained on the physical system underline the potential advantages of the proposed approach.
Modeling and analysis of some planar deployable mechanisms. Part 1: translational bar mechanisms
Authors: Doroftei I A , Bujoreanu C , Doroftei I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Deployable structures can change their shape and volume in order to dynamic answering to changing needs. Depending on how the transformation is doing, transformable structures can be deployable or demountable, as a kit-parts system. These structures can be classified in four main groups: structures based on spatial articulated bar mechanisms; foldable plate structures; tensegrity structures; and membrane structures. In this paper, some general geometric design aspects of deployable bar structures are discussed and some translational bar mechanisms for deployable structures are proposed. More results on the geometric design, dimensional synthesis and simulation of these scissor structural mechanisms will be presented in future work.
Aspects regarding the development of a gripper with variable geometry
Authors: Grosz E A , Lapusan C , Brisan C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In recent years robotics is constantly changing, adapting to the needs of the industry and therefore lately the design of gripping devices is also in a continuous process of development, adaptation, discovery of new ways to catch and manipulate an object and therefore different constructive models have been made. The main purpose of the paper is to present the design of a gripper with variable geometry intended to be used for the purpose of industrial handling.
Mathematical modelling of a search and rescue robot with TriSTAR locomotion units
Authors: Gyarmati M , Tătar M O 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper the authors present the mathematical model of a search and rescue robot with hybrid locomotion system. The robot uses a locomotion system with two TriSTAR units and two conventional wheels. Details are also presented regarding the design of the robot and the TriSTAR locomotion unit, the robot locomotion and the robot actuation and control.
Aspects regarding the traumatology of the foot in the body jumping
Authors: Merticaru E , Budescu E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to make the connection between the forces in the lateral ligaments of the ankle joint and in the Achilles tendon, with the forces of ground reaction, for the vertical jump with landing on one foot or both. The fall is experimental analyzed, on a platform of force, when the contact of the foot on the platform is on the whole sole of the foot or on an edge, outer or inner. The ligaments of the ankle joint for which the forces are determined are the deltoid ligament and the calcaneo-fibular ligament. These ligaments are subjected to high forces when the fall on one leg, from a jump, takes place on one edge of the sole of the foot. In this case there is the possibility of ligament rupture, so an analysis and a mathematical simulation can highlight situations that could cause trauma. The paper is a continuation of previous research by the authors in which the forces in the mentioned lateral ligaments and in the Achilles tendon were determined, based on a biomechanical model.