bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A scale-adaptive object-tracking algorithm with occlusion detection
Authors: Yuan Yue , Chu Jun , Leng Lu , Miao Jun , Kim Byung-Gyu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe methods combining correlation filters (CFs) with the features of convolutional neural network (CNN) are good at object tracking. However, the high-level features of a typical CNN without residual structure suffer from the shortage of fine-grained information, it is easily affected by similar objects or background noise. Meanwhile, CF-based methods usually update filters at every frame even when occlusion occurs, which degrades the capability of discriminating the target from background. A novel scale-adaptive object-tracking method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the features are extracted from different layers of ResNet to produce response maps, and then, in order to locate the target more accurately, these response maps are fused based on AdaBoost algorithm. Secondly, to prevent the filters from updating when occlusion occurs, an update strategy with occlusion detection is proposed. Finally, a scale filter is used to estimate the target scale. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably compared with several mainstream methods especially in the case of occlusion and scale change.
A study of coupled systems of mixed order fractional differential equations and inclusions with coupled integral fractional boundary conditions
Authors: Ntouyas Sotiris K. , Al-Sulami Hamed H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work we investigate existence and uniqueness of solutions for new coupled systems of mixed order fractional differential equations and inclusions supplemented with coupled nonlocal fractional boundary conditions. We apply the Leray–Schauder alternative and the Banach contraction mapping principle to obtain the existence and uniqueness results, while in the multi-valued case we use the nonlinear alternative for Kakutani maps and Covitz and Nadler’s fixed point theorem.
Iterative algorithms for solutions of Hammerstein equations in real Banach spaces
Authors: Chidume Charles E. , Adamu Abubakar , Okereke Lois C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLetBbe a uniformly convex and uniformly smooth real Banach space with dual space$B^{*}$B∗. Let$F:B\to B^{*}$F:B→B∗,$K:B^{*} \to B$K:B∗→Bbe maximal monotone mappings. An iterative algorithm is constructed and the sequence of the algorithm is proved to converge strongly to a solution of the Hammerstein equation$u+KFu=0$u+KFu=0. This theorem is a significant improvement of some important recent results which were proved in real Hilbert spaces under the assumption thatFandKare maximal monotonecontinuousandbounded. The continuity and boundedness restrictions onKandFhave been dispensed with, using our new method, even in the more general setting considered in our theorems. Finally, numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the convergence of the sequence of our algorithm.
Flies from a tertiary hospital in Rwanda carry multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli sequence type 131
Authors: Heiden Stefan E. , Kurz Mathis S. E. , Bohnert Jürgen , Bayingana Claude , Ndoli Jules M. , Sendegeya Augustin , Gahutu Jean Bosco , Eger Elias , Mockenhaupt Frank P. , Schaufler Katharina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultidrug-resistant gram-negative (MRGN) bacteria are a serious threat to global health. We used genomics to study MRGN obtained from houseflies in a tertiary Rwandan hospital. Our analysis revealed a high abundance of different MRGN including E. coli pathogenic lineage ST131 suggesting the important role of flies in disseminating highly virulent pathogens in clinical settings and beyond.
A socio-psychological model of laser levelling impacts assessment
Authors: Tohidyan Far Somayeh , Rezaei-Moghaddam Kurosh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractApplication of technologies has an important role in agricultural development. Identifying and assessing the impacts of agricultural technologies is necessary. This study aimed at assessing the impacts of laser levelling economically, socially, environmentally, and technically in the viewpoint of the agricultural experts and identifying factors determining their perception of the impacts. The study samples (151 experts) were selected using multi-stage random sampling in Fars Province, Iran. The results revealed that experts considered uniform distribution of water, using conservation tillage, facilitating agricultural activities, decreased water consumption and decrease of water wasting as the most important technical impacts of laser levelling technology. The most environmentally important impacts were the decrease of soil erosion and retention of crop residues. Experts stated the most significant social impacts as improvement in villages living conditions and sense of belonging to rural areas. Besides, an increase of income and reduction of inputs costs were among the economic impacts of laser levelling technology. According to the results, attitude towards water and soil resources conservation and environmental beliefs had the highest direct effect on individual perception toward impacts. Practical recommendations have been presented based on the results of the study.
TEPA impregnation of electrospun carbon nanofibers for enhanced low-level CO2 adsorption
Authors: Wang Jie , Adelodun Adedeji Adebukola , Oh Jong Min , Jo Young Min 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe CO2 adsorption selectivity of plain activated carbon nanofibers (ANF) is generally low. For enhancement, nitrogen functionalities favorable for CO2 adsorption are usually tethered to the ANF. In the current study, we adopted chemical impregnation using 0.5 wt% tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) solution as an impregnant. To enhance the impregnation of TEPA further, preliminary oxidation of the nanofibers with 70% HNO3 was conducted. The effects of HNO3 and TEPA treatments on the modified ANFs were investigated for physical (using N2 monosorb, thermogravimetric analyzer, scanning electron microscopy) and chemical (X-ray photoelectron spectrometer) changes. From the results, we found that although TEPA impregnation reduced the specific surface area and pore volume of the ANFs (from 673.7 and 15.61 to 278.8 m2/g and 0.284 cm3/g, respectively), whereas the HNO3 pre-oxidation increased the number of carboxylic groups on the ANF. Upon TEPA loading, pyridinic nitrogen was tethered and further enhanced by pre-oxidation. The surface treatment cumulatively increased the amine content from 5.81% to 13.31%. Consequently, the final adsorption capacity for low (0.3%) and pure CO2 levels were enhanced from 0.20 and 1.89 to 0.33 and 2.96 mmol/g, respectively. Hence, the two-step pre-oxidation and TEPA treatments were efficient for improved CO2 affinity.
Review of the Phytoneering Research & Experience Summit (PRES) 2019 “building bridges between nature’s healing potential and evidence-based medicine - 20 years of phytoneering”
Authors: Naber Kurt G. , Apolikhin Oleg , Kozlov Vladimir , Kennedy David W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis brief communication summarizes the key highlights presented at the 2019 Phytoneering Research and Experience Summit held at the Palma Convention Centre and the educational finca Sa Canova (Majorca, Spain) from the 25th to the 27th of July 2019.More than 100 professionals from academia, industry and public services took part. The scientific programme included three dedicated symposium sessions and a moderated poster session. In total, 13 oral communications and 23 posters were presented.The invite-only conference, entitled: “Phytoneering Research & Experience Summit (PRES) 2019 - Building bridges between nature’s healing potential and evidence-based medicine - 20 years of phytoneering”, had participants from 20 different nations, reflecting the international character of the event. This participant group included researchers as well as clinicians with different fields of interest, e.g. gynaecology, urology, respiratory diseases and paediatrics. They all share an interest in evidence-based phytotherapy and phytoneering, which is the combination of ancient knowledge about medicinal plants and state-of-the-art technology to produce evidence-based herbal medicine. This approach offers solutions to reduce the growing number of unnecessarily prescribed antibiotics in the above-mentioned areas, with the aim of preventing further progression of antibiotic resistance. The conference was sponsored by Bionorica® SE.
Fighting African capital flight: trajectories, dynamics, and tendencies
Authors: Asongu Simplice A. , Uduji Joseph I. , Okolo-Obasi Elda N. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study provides a harmonization framework for common capital flight policies in Africa. It builds on evidence of persistent extreme poverty in the continent to assess how common measures can be adopted by sampled countries on one cause of extreme poverty: capital flight. The dataset is sub-divided into fundamental characteristics of African capital flight based on income levels, legal foundations, natural resources, political stability, regional proximity, and religious domination. The main finding shows that from a projection date of 2010, a feasible timeframe for harmonizing policies is between 2016 and 2023. This timeframe coincides with the beginning of the post-2015 agenda on sustainable development goals.
Another nexus? Exploring narratives on the linkage between EU external migration policies and the democratization of the southern Mediterranean neighbourhood
Authors: Faustini-Torres Luisa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSince the beginning of the twenty-first century and after two turning point events – 09-11 terrorist attacks and the ‘Arab spring’ – both migration control and democracy promotion became central issues within EU foreign policy, in particular to what concern its relations with the southern Mediterranean neighbourhood. However, although many authors allude to the relation between these two policy dimensions, little is known about their linkage. On the one hand, the debate about EU external migration policies narratives has revolved mainly around the migration-security and migration-development nexus. On the other, whereas the developmental paradigm has dominated theroot-causesapproach little attention has been given to its political dimension. This article aims to overcome these limitations through exploring these other nexus: the one between these policies and the democratization of southern Mediterranean countries. To investigate this nexus I follow a Narrative Policy Analysis approach - the most suitable for investigating issues of high complexity, uncertainty and polarization, which seems to be precisely the case of EU external migration policies. Hence, drawing on longitudinal and interpretative content analysis of EU official documents covering the period between 1995 and 2018, this study seeks to expose the main narratives casted by the EU on the issue and to identify if there has been consistence or change in the stories and arguments over time and in particular, before and after the ‘Arab spring’. Ultimately, the goal was to confirm the presence of this nexus by exposing its complexity and trying to understand its configuration. This is considered as an important step towards further disentangling the logics and impacts of the externalization of EU migration policies towards its Southern Mediterranean neighbourhood.
Development and validation of a scale for measuring cultural beliefs about psychotherapy patients in southern Chile
Authors: Salinas-Oñate Natalia , Baeza-Rivera María José , Ortiz Manuel , Betancourt Héctor 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Negative cultural beliefs about psychotherapy patients represent one of the barriers in the psychological help-seeking and treatment adherence. In Chile today, there is little research about specific beliefs towards this group, and therefore measuring them represents a challenge. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate an instrument to measure cultural beliefs about psychotherapy patients.

Methods
A mixed method design conducted in four stages was implemented. First, 32 semi-structured interviews were carried out to identify beliefs about psychotherapy patients in southern Chile. Then, a scale of beliefs about psychotherapy patients (SBPP) was developed and piloted in an adult sample (n = 109). Subsequently, the factorial structure of the new scale was explored in patients of primary health centres in La Araucanía Region of Chile (n = 201). Finally, the validity of the construct was assessed in adults who were not undergoing psychotherapy (n = 361).

Results
The results showed the existence of negative cultural beliefs about psychotherapy patients which were included in the construction of the SBPP. The scale had a bifactorial structure (αtransitory situations = 0.81 and αstable characteristics = 0.79), consisting of 15 items with a Likert-type response format, and showed good indicators of validity and reliability on the samples in which were applied.

Conclusions
The present study shows the importance of using mixed methods for the examination of socially shared beliefs by the cultural group under study, in order to construct instruments that are psychometrically robust and culturally pertinent.
Biomarkers and neuromodulation techniques in substance use disorders
Authors: Habelt Bettina , Arvaneh Mahnaz , Bernhardt Nadine , Minev Ivan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAddictive disorders are a severe health concern. Conventional therapies have just moderate success and the probability of relapse after treatment remains high. Brain stimulation techniques, such as transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), have been shown to be effective in reducing subjectively rated substance craving. However, there are few objective and measurable parameters that reflect neural mechanisms of addictive disorders and relapse. Key electrophysiological features that characterize substance related changes in neural processing are Event-Related Potentials (ERP). These high temporal resolution measurements of brain activity are able to identify neurocognitive correlates of addictive behaviours. Moreover, ERP have shown utility as biomarkers to predict treatment outcome and relapse probability. A future direction for the treatment of addiction might include neural interfaces able to detect addiction-related neurophysiological parameters and deploy neuromodulation adapted to the identified pathological features in a closed-loop fashion. Such systems may go beyond electrical recording and stimulation to employ sensing and neuromodulation in the pharmacological domain as well as advanced signal analysis and machine learning algorithms. In this review, we describe the state-of-the-art in the treatment of addictive disorders with electrical brain stimulation and its effect on addiction-related neurophysiological markers. We discuss advanced signal processing approaches and multi-modal neural interfaces as building blocks in future bioelectronics systems for treatment of addictive disorders.
Analytic time-of-flight positron emission tomography reconstruction: three-dimensional case
Authors: Zeng Gengsheng L. , Li Ya , Huang Qiu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn a positron emission tomography (PET) scanner, the time-of-flight (TOF) information gives us rough event position along the line-of-response (LOR). Using the TOF information for PET image reconstruction is able to reduce image noise. The state-of-the-art TOF PET image reconstruction uses iterative algorithms. This study introduces an analytic TOF PET algorithm that focuses on three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. The proposed algorithm is in the form of backprojection filtering, in which the backprojection is performed first by using a time-resolution profile function, and then a 3D filter is applied to the backprojected image. For the list-mode data, the backprojection is carried out in the event-by-event fashion, and the timing resolution determined weighting function is used along the projection LOR. Computer simulations are carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithm.
Aerodynamics and dynamic stability of micro-air-vehicle with four flapping wings in hovering flight
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Wu Jianghao , Zhang Yanlai , Li Han , Zhou Chao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecently, a novel concept of flapping Micro-Air-Vehicles (FMAVs) with four wings has been proposed, which potentially utilizes the clap-and-fling effect for lift enhancement and agile maneuvers through an adjustment of wing kinematics. However, the application of the clap-and-fling effect in the four-winged FMAVs is underexplored and the dynamic stability is still unclear. In this paper, aerodynamics and flight dynamic stability of the four-winged FMAVs are studied experimentally and numerically. Results show that the clap-and-fling effect is observed when the flapping frequency is above 18 Hz. Due to the clap-and-fling effect, the lift generation and aerodynamic efficiency are both improved, which is mainly attributed to the fling phase. Further studies show that the clap-and-fling effect becomes weaker as the wing root spacing increases and is almost absent at a wing root spacing of 1.73 chord length. In addition, a wing with an aspect ratio of 3 can increase both lift generation and efficiency due to the clap-and-fling effect. Finally, according to the dynamic stability analysis of the four-winged FMAV, the divergence speed of the lateral oscillation mode is about 4 times faster than that of the longitudinal oscillation mode. Our results can provide guidance on the design and control of four-winged FMAVs.
Why care about integrated care? Part 2. Integrated care systems: an irresistible force changing mental health services
Authors: Tracy Derek K. , Holloway Frank , Hanson Kara , Kanani Nikita , Trainer Matthew , Dimond Iain , James Adrian , Kalidindi Sridevi , Shergill Sukhwinder S. 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARYPart 1 of this three-part series on integrated care discussed the drivers for change in healthcare delivery in England set out in the NHS Long Term Plan. This second part explores the evolution of mental health services within the wider National Health Service (NHS), and describes important relevant legislation and policy over the past decade, leading up to the 2019 Long Term Plan. We explain the implications of this, including the detail of emerging structures such as integrated care systems (ICSs) and primary care networks (PCNs), and conclude with challenges facing these novel systems. Part 3 will address the practical local implementation of integrated care.
Adjustment to short-term imprisonment under low prison staffing
Authors: O'Connor Sarah , Bezeczky Zoe , Moriarty Yvonne , Kalebic Natasha , Taylor Pamela J. 
Published: February 2020

Aims and methodTo understand experience of early imprisonment in one prison under low staffing levels. A researcher, independent of the prison, interviewed each prisoner soon after reception and 3–4 weeks later. The first question of the second interview was: ‘I’d like to start by asking you about your experience of the last 3–4 weeks in prison'. Data are verbatim answers to this. Narratives were brief, so responses from all 130 participants were analysed, using grounded theory methods.ResultsThe core experience was of ‘routine’ – characterised by repetitive acts of daily living and basic work, and little reference to life outside prison – generally resolved passively, towards boredom and ‘entrapment’.Clinical implicationsThis ‘routine’ seems akin to the ‘institutionalism’ described in the end days of the 1960s’ mental hospitals. In an earlier study of similar men at a similar stage of imprisonment, under higher staff:prisoner ratios, experience was initially more distressing, but resolved actively and positively, suggesting that staff loss may have affected rehabilitative climate.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: A potential new peripheral biomarker of suicidal behavior
Authors: Velasco Ángela , Rodríguez-Revuelta Julia , Olié Emilie , Abad Iciar , Fernández-Peláez Abel , Cazals Aurélie , Guillaume Sébastien , de la Fuente-Tomás Lorena , Jiménez-Treviño Luis , Gutiérrez Laura , García-Portilla Paz , Bobes Julio , Courtet Philippe , Sáiz Pilar A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have emerged as important peripheral inflammatory biomarkers. Recent data suggest a possible role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior (SB). The aim of this study is to evaluate the association among NLR, MLR, and PLR and SB in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and to test its validity as a biomarker for suicidality.

Methods.
We evaluated 538 patients with MDD (mean age [standard deviation] = 43.87 [14.36] years; females: 68.8%). A logistic regression model was estimated to determine the independent factors associated with suicide risk in patients with and without a history of suicide attempt (SA).

Results.
Three hundred ninety-three patients (74.7%) had a personal history of SA. Patients with a previous SA were more frequently female (71.9% vs. 59.6%; p = 0.007), significantly younger (41.20 vs. 51.77 years; p < 0.001), had lower depression severity at enrolment (15.58 vs. 18.42; p < 0.000), and significantly higher mean NLR and PLR ratios (2.27 vs. 1.68, p = 0.001; 127.90 vs. 109.97, p = 0.007, respectively). In the final logistic regression model, after controlling for age, sex, and depression severity, NLR was significantly associated with SB (β = 0.489, p = 0.000; odds ratio [95% confidence intervals] = 1.631 [1.266–2.102]). We propose a cut-off value of NLR = 1.30 (sensitivity = 75% and specificity = 35%).

Conclusions.
Our data suggest that NLR may be a valuable, reproducible, easily accessible, and cost-effective strategy to determine suicide risk in MDD.
On growth and force: mechanical forces in development
Authors: Hallou Adrien , Brunet Thibaut 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe EMBO/EMBL Symposium ‘Mechanical Forces in Development’ was held in Heidelberg, Germany, on 3-6 July 2019. This interdisciplinary symposium brought together an impressive and diverse line-up of speakers seeking to address the origin and role of mechanical forces in development. Emphasising the importance of integrative approaches and theoretical simulations to obtain comprehensive mechanistic insights into complex morphogenetic processes, the meeting provided an ideal platform to discuss the concepts and methods of developmental mechanobiology in an era of fast technical and conceptual progress. Here, we summarise the concepts and findings discussed during the meeting, as well as the agenda it sets for the future of developmental mechanobiology.