bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interrupting Sedentary Time in the Workplace Using Regular Short Activity Breaks
Authors: Hargreaves Elaine Anne , Hayr Kirsty Therese , Jenkins Matthew , Perry Tracy , Peddie Meredith 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
To understand the practicalities of undertaking 2 to 3 minutes of light to moderate intensity physical activity after every 30 minutes of prolonged sitting by examining barriers and facilitators.

Methods:
Around 27 (n = 22 women) employees working in higher education who sat for greater than 5 hours during a work day participated in a focus group discussion.

Results:
Through inductive thematic analysis, themes characterising workplace culture and having the knowledge (or not) of benefits were found to be a facilitator and a barrier. Additional barriers were a perceived reduction in work productivity and specific work tasks that precluded taking activity breaks. Extrinsic motivators and prompts were suggested to facilitate participation.

Conclusions:
Environmental and individual strategies are required to build capability, opportunity, and motivation for undertaking regular activity breaks and should inform the development of an ecologically valid workplace intervention.
Oncological outcomes of addition of anti-PD1/PD-L1 to chemotherapy in the therapy of patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer
Authors: Zheng Zheng , Guo Ying , Zou Chang-Peng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) that fail to respond to prior chemotherapy have poor clinical prognosis. Lately, many trials have paid much attention on the oncological outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). A new therapy based on programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors has recognized as promising prospects for advanced GC/GEJC. We assessed efficacy and safety of PD-L1 antibody versus chemotherapy alone in previously treated non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods:
Computerized literature search was done on the published trials in: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library updated on June 2019. Randomized controlled trials were selected investigating chemotherapy plus PD-1/PD-L1 versus chemotherapy alone.

Results:
Three randomized controlled trails were included. The pooled analysis of overall survival (OS) was longer with anti-PD1/PD-L1 than with chemotherapy alone in the OS (OR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.47–0.92, P = .02) and sub-group OS of GEJC (OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.58–0.93, P = .01). Whereas, there is no significant difference in progression-free survival (OR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.62–1.39, P = .72). The pooling adverse events (AE) data did not achieve advantage in the PD-1/PD-L1 targeted agents (OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.13–2.10, P = .36), the same as the treatment-related AE of grade 3 to 5 (OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.16–1.74, P = .30).

Conclusions:
Treatment of patients with advanced GC/GEJC with PD-1/PD-L1 targeted did result in an improvement in some but not all survival endpoints. Moreover, it had a comparable toxicity profile as compared with chemotherapy alone. More well designed studies are needed to develop a database of all anti-PD1/PD-L1 sub-groups and their individual impact on the differing anti-PD1/PD-L1 treatments.
The effectiveness of olopatadine hydrochloride eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis
Authors: Zi Yingxin , Deng Yu , Ji Meiqi , Qin Yali , Nong Luqi , Liu Ziqiang , Jin Ming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a multifactorial and common type of ocular surface disease that affects many people. The quality of life for AC patients can be significantly decreased caused by symptoms of ocular itching, swelling, redness, and tearing. Topical antihistaminics, mast cell stabilizers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and steroids have been widely used to treat AC. Many clinical trials have indicated that olopatadine hydrochloride eye drops can provide quick relief of symptoms and signs. The purpose of this review is to evaluate systematically the effectiveness of olopatadine hydrochloride eye drops for treating AC.

Methods:
A systematic review of all of the randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness and safety of olopatadine hydrochloride eye drops for AC will be conducted. We will search PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), EMBASE (OVID), the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal database (VIP), Wanfang Database, and CBM, from the database inception date to October 31, 2019. There are no language or publication status restrictions. Registers of clinical trials, potential gray literature, reference lists of studies, and conference abstracts will also be searched. Two reviewers will independently read the articles, extract the data information, and assess the quality of the studies. Data will be synthesized by a heterogeneity test. The primary outcomes include the main symptom and sign scores before and after treatment, the eye redness index, the presence of eosinophils in the conjunctival scraping. Quality of life, the total treatment efficacy, and safety will be evaluated as the secondary outcomes. RevMan V.5.3 software will be used for the meta-analysis.

Results:
The study will provide an objective and normative systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of olopatadine hydrochloride eye drops for the treatment of AC.

Conclusion:
Our review will provide useful information to judge whether olopatadine hydrochloride eye drops is an effective intervention for patients with AC.

Ethics and dissemination:
It is not necessary to obtain ethical approval as participants are not involved patients. The protocol and results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The systematic review will also be disseminated electronically and in print to help guide health care practice and policy.

Prospero registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019132232.
Management of severe complications following penile surgery for erectile dysfunction and Peyronie disease
Authors: Bettocchi Carlo , Santoro Valeria , Sebastiani Francesco , Lucarelli Giuseppe , Colombo Fulvio , Ralph David John , Habous Mohamad , Ditonno Pasquale , Battaglia Michele , Spilotros Marco 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Erectile dysfunction (ED) and Peyronie's disease (PD) are conditions commonly observed in andrology. Despite the surgical refinement and the technical improvement in this field, even in expert hands, detrimental consequences have been reported and it can be related to patient's comorbidities or misconduct in the postoperative period. In this article we report anecdotal cases of severe complications following penile surgery for ED and PD in high volume centers, describe the strategies adopted to treat it and discuss the options that would have helped preventing these events.

Patients’ concerns:
The first case describes a patient with history of ED and PD causing penile shortening and a slight dorsal deviation of penile shaft. In the second case it is described a corporeal necrosis and urethral fistula following inflatable penile prosthesis implant. In the last case it is described the migration of reservoir into the abdomen after inflatable penile prosthesis implantation post-radical prostatectomy.

Diagnosis:
All 3 patients were investigated with a penile doppler ultrasound with PGE1 intracorporeal injection for ED and PD diagnosis. An abdominal computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging were ordered for patient of case three.

Interventions:
The patients underwent different combined procedures depending on the case and including: glansectomy, penile prosthesis implantation associated with a penile elongation with double dorsal-ventral patch graft (“sliding technique”), penile urethroplasty with buccal mucosa graft, and laparotomy for reservoir removal.

Outcomes:
No further serious complications were reported after the procedures described.

Lessons:
Penile surgery in patients with concomitant PD and systemic comorbidities can be at high risk of complications. As shown in this series there are possible dramatic evolution of these complications that may cause irreversible consequences to the patient. For this reason, a dedicated surgical and nursing team is necessary to reduce the chances that it happens. When this event occurs, a team trained in their management can improve the patient outcome
Thiamine status and lactate concentration in sepsis
Authors: Heming Nicholas , Salah Amor , Meng Paris , Sivanandamoorthy Sivanthiny , Bounab Rania , Chevret Sylvie , Annane Djillali 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Thiamine is an essential co-factor for aerobic metabolism. Both thiamine deficiency and sepsis may be associated with hyperlactatemia and hypotension. We assessed the relationship between thiamine compounds, lactate concentrations and clinical outcomes in septic patients.
We undertook a prospective observational single-center study. Erythrocyte levels of total thiamine, free thiamine, thiamine mono, di and triphosphate (TMP, TDP, and TTP respectively), the erythrocyte transketolase activity (ETKA) and the effect of thiamine diphosphate on ETKA were measured in septic patients by high performance liquid chromatography and correlated with arterial lactate. Vital status at the end of intensive care unit stay was recorded.
Overall, 28 patients suffering from sepsis were included. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 60 [44–77.3] years, 15 (53.6%) patients were male, median [IQR] simplified acute physiology score II was 40 [27–50]. There was no correlation between total thiamine and lactate levels (P = .33). There was no correlation between free thiamine (P = .81), TMP (P = .71), TDP (P = .31), TTP (P = .86), and lactate levels in our population. There was no correlation between ETKA (P = .58) or the effect of TDP on ETKA (P = .40) and lactate concentration. Total thiamine and TDP concentration were significantly higher in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors than in nonsurvivors (P = .03 and P = .03). The effect of TDP on ETKA was significantly higher in nonsurvivors compared to survivors (P = .04).
We found no correlation between thiamine compounds and lactate concentration in sepsis. Thiamine deficiency in sepsis may be associated with ICU-mortality.
Brain functional changes in tibetan with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome
Authors: Kang Dongjie , Qin Zongyuan , Wang Wen , Zheng Yun , Hu Huiying , Bao Yuanyuan , Bao Haihua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Tibetan is a major ethnic group living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Due to their high-altitude hypoxia environment, sleeping disorder and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) are more prone to occur. In this study, we investigated the brain structural and functional differences between Tibetans OSAHS patients and Tibetans healthy controls using high resolution three-dimensional T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting state functional MRI. The analysis was based on voxel-based morphology, regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequence fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connection (FC) methods. A total of 14 OSAHS patients and 16 healthy control, all Tibetan male, matched closely in terms of age, education and living altitude, were recruited. The relationship between the ReHo and ALFF values at different brain areas and clinical features, including the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) in the OSAHS group, was analyzed using Pearson correlation. Compared with healthy control, OSAHS patients showed no significant gray matter volume or FC change. OSAHS group showed significantly increased ReHo values in the superior frontal gyrus dorsolateral, the left middle frontal gyrus, and the superior frontal gyrus medial. In contrast, OSAHS group showed decreased ReHo value in the left fusiform gyrus and cerebellum lobule 6. OSAHS group showed significantly increased ALFF values in the right inferior frontal gyrus orbital part, the right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri, the right Inferior frontal gyrus triangular part, the right insula and the left superior frontal gyrus dorsolateral. In the OSAHS group, the AHI showed a positive correlation with the ReHo value at the left cerebellum lobule 6 (r = 0.562, P = .037). Tibetan OSAHS patients had no significant change in brain structure and FC, which may be due to their adaption to the hypoxia environment. ReHo values and ALFF values changes in multiple brain areas in Tibetan OSAHS patients indicated brain functional impairment in multiple brain regions. The left cerebellum lobule 6 gradually compensates brain function as OSAHS progresses.
Chinese herbal preparations for chronic heart failure
Authors: Li Yong , Zhang Xiaohua , Chen Xiaoxiao , Chen Dezhu , Yu Qian , Yang Shenglan , Lang Mingjian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Chinese herbal preparations (CHPs) have been reported to be effective in the management of chronic heart failure (CHF); they are beneficial in improving cardiac function, reducing hospital stays and readmission. However, the credibility of their effectiveness evidence has not been evaluated. We aim to summarize and evaluate current effectiveness evidence of traditional Chinese medicine in the management of CHF.

Methods:
We will search PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Database of Systemic Review (CDSR), and Web of Science from inception to December 2019 for systematic reviews that assessing the effectiveness of CHPs for CHF. The search will be performed without language restriction. Experimental interventions will include any type of CHPs, and control interventions will include placebo, sham interventions, usual care, or no controls. The primary outcome will be the changes in heart function classification defined by the New York Heart Association. Secondary outcomes include left ventricular ejection fraction, Six Minute Walk Test, other efficacy outcomes, and adverse events. We will use I
2 statistics to assess the between-study heterogeneity in each meta-analysis, Eager test to detect publication bias, and the ratio of observed versus expected number of trials with positive findings. We will summarize the evidence and classify them into convincing, highly suggestive, suggestive, or weak.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Ethics and dissemination:
No ethical approval and patient consent are required since this study data is based on published literature. The results of the study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.

Protocol registration number:
PROSPERO CRD 42019139649 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#joinuppage)
Recovering autonomy is a key advantage of home-based immunoglobulin therapy in patients with myositis
Authors: Chérin Patrick , Pindi Sala Taylor , Clerson Pierre , Dokhan Annaïk , Fardini Yann , Duracinsky Martin , Crave Jean-Charles , Chassany Olivier 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Immunoglobulins are 2nd or 3rd-line treatments in dermatomyositis (DM) or polymyositis (PM) refractory to high-dose corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. Immunoglobulins (2 g/kg/mo) are usually administered intravenously (IVIg) once a month and the patients stay at hospital for a few days. Recently, subcutaneous injections (SCIg) were proposed 2 to 3 times per week, in some dysimmune diseases. SCIg are administered at home preferably by the patient or by a nurse. We investigated the needs and attitudes of DM and PM patients with experience of IVIg and SCIg.
Seven patients (6 PM and 1 DM) from a single center participated in a focus group (N = 6) or underwent in-depth interview (N = 1). Six had the experience of both IVIg at hospital and SCIg at home; 1 has received only IVIg at hospital. Verbatim was recorded and transcribed for further content analysis and computer-aided textual analysis.
Clinical profiles and stories were heterogeneous. At diagnosis, muscle weakness, severe pain, and fatigue were at the forefront of patients’ complaints impairing daily life. Patients reported considerable improvement with immunoglobulins. SCIg were described as easy, less disruptive for daily life, well tolerated, and less time-consuming. SCIg self-administration at home restored the feeling of autonomy and control.
Interviews of DM and PM patients revealed that recovering autonomy and control was a central advantage of home-based SCIg that were efficient, well tolerated, and perceived as a good compromise between treatment burden and efficacy.
Identification of hub genes, key pathways, and therapeutic agents in Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria syndrome using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wang Dengchuan , Liu Shengshuo , Xu Shi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground:Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare lethal premature and accelerated aging disease caused by mutations in the lamin A/C gene. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of cellular damage, senescence, and accelerated aging in HGPS are not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to screen potential key genes, pathways, and therapeutic agents of HGPS by using bioinformatics methods in this study.Methods:The gene expression profile of GSE113648 and GSE41751 were retrieved from the gene expression omnibus database and analyzed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HGPS and normal controls. Then, gene ontology and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis were carried out. To construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, we used STRING and Cytoscape to make module analysis of these DEGs. Besides, the connectivity map (cMAP) tool was used as well to predict potential drugs.Results:As a result, 180 upregulated DEGs and 345 downregulated DEGs were identified, which were significantly enriched in pathways in cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The top centrality hub genes fibroblast growth factor 2, decorin, matrix metallopeptidase2, and Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit were screened out as the critical genes among the DEGs from the PPI network. Dexibuprofen and parthenolide were predicted to be the possible agents for the treatment of HGPS by cMAP analysis.Conclusion:This study identified key genes, signal pathways and therapeutic agents, which might help us improve our understanding of the mechanisms of HGPS and identify some new therapeutic agents for HGPS.
Intradural disc herniation at L4/5 level causing Cauda equina syndrome
Authors: Luo Dawei , Ji Changbin , Xu Hui , Feng Hongyong , Zhang Honglei , Li Kunpeng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Intradural disc herniation has been documented rarely and the pathogenesis remains unclear. The region most frequently affected by intradural lumbar disc herniations is L4–5 level, and the average age of intradural disc herniations is between 50 and 60 years. Although magnetic resonance imaging is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of this disease, it is still difficult to make a definite diagnosis preoperatively.

Patient concerns:
In this report, we described a 58-year-old male patient who presented with intermittent pain of low back and radiating pain of the both lower extremities for 2 years as well as decreased muscle strength of the both legs and dysfunction of urinary and defecation for 1 month.

Diagnosis:
Lumbar disc herniation was diagnosed during the first clinical examination in the local hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass disc filling almost the entire spinal canal at the L4/5 level and a stalk connecting the mass to the intervertebral disc was detected in the sagittal T2-weighted image. The massive lesion caused cauda equina compression, resulting in dysfunction of urinary and defecation.

Interventions:
Considering the mass's volume, bilateral hemilaminectomy, and transforaminal lumbar interbody infusion were performed. During the surgery, we found a perforation in the ventral dura and major part of herniated disc was located in the intradural space through it. The disc was carefully dissected from the surrounding nerve roots and the ventral dura and then totally removed. The defect on the ventral dura was sutured to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

Outcomes:
The patient presented complete recovery of the radiculopathy and cauda equina syndrome and significant improvement of muscle strength of both legs at 12 months follow-up.

Lessons:
The diagnosis of intradural disc herniations is very difficult and mainly based on intraoperative and histopathological results. Surgical intervention is only effective method to manage this disease and to relieve symptoms and prevent severe neurological deficits.
Biomechanical analysis and optimization of screw fixation technique for the cortical bone channel of lower thorax
Authors: Yu Yang , Xie YiZhou , Jian Qiang , Shi Yin , Zhang Guilong , Fan Xiaohong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroduction: It is well known that the main segments of spinal fracture is thoracolumbar (T11-L11). Therefore, in addition to the lumbar, the lower thoracic vertebra (T9-T12) often has the clinical needs of implantation of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screws. However, the anatomic parameters of the lower thoracic vertebrae are quite different from those of the lumbar vertebrae, which means that if CBT screws are to be implanted in the lower thoracic vertebrae, the selection of the screw entry point, the length, diameter, angle and path of the screws in each segment need to be redefined. Methods In this part, 3-dimensional finite element model was established to analyze the stress and fixation efficiency of CBT screws in thoracic vertebrae after 5000 times of fatigue loading of normal model and osteoporosis model. Discussion If the outcomes indicate the trial is feasible and there is evidence to provide some basic anatomical parameters for CBT screw implantation in the lower thoracic spine, so that the ideal insertion point, length, diameter, and angle of CBT screw in different segments of the lower thoracic spine were determined.Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900026915.Registered on September 26, 2019.