bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Last of the New (1985–1997)
Authors: Sewell Amanda 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the last period in which Carlos created new music. She began restricting the number and type of interviews she gave following Allan Kozinn’s negative review of her album ciDigital Moonscapes and an article in People magazine that focused disproportionately on her gender. In 1986, she released Beauty in the Beast. Although she called it her “most important album,” Beauty in the Beast barely registered critically or commercially. She also teamed up with “Weird Al” Yankovic, known for his parodies of pop songs and his accordion playing, to record Sergei Prokofiev’s Peter and the Wolf. Struggling financially, Carlos returned to the repertoire of Switched-On Bach and created Switched-On Bach 2000 using digital synthesis.
Reissuing the Past (1998–2005)
Authors: Sewell Amanda 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter follows Carlos as she remastered and reissued her entire catalogue on the label East Side Digital, began using her website to express her opinions, and created her final albums of original material. In the late 1990s, Carlos began fighting back against those whom she felt had injured her. She sued the pop musician Momus for his representation of her in a song, and she wrote an extensive “Short List of the Cruel” on her website to call out people and organizations by name that had hurt or misrepresented her. She also became increasingly selective about the interviews she gave and how she was represented in those interviews.
From the Ballot to the Barricade in the Paris Commune
Authors: Duong Kevin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter analyzes socialist aspirations for social regeneration as they evolved from the 1840s to the Commune. It contrasts the political culture of the 1840s with that of the Commune to bring into view a conceptual mutation: where socialists had once pursued social regeneration through pacific methods and universal manhood suffrage, by 1871, they linked social regeneration with republican militarism and the reincarnation of “the people in arms.” This mutation is excavated through writers such as Louise Michel, Prosper-Olivier Lissagaray, and Jules Vallès. Although this mutation was contingent, once realized, it bonded socialist dreams of regeneration to popular redemptive violence.
Conclusion
Authors: Duong Kevin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This conclusion reviews the importance of studying redemptive violence in nineteenth century France in light of the political history of the twentieth century. It argues that, despite the increased intensity of violence in the twentieth century, a study of redemptive violence in the nineteenth century is still important for us today. That is because it emphasizes that all democratic revolutions are social revolutions. All democratic revolutions pose the problem of reconstructing democratic social bonds. Redemptive violence’s history underscores that fraternité was always as important as liberty and equality in the French tradition. Critics of fraternité today ignore the importance of democratic solidarity at their peril.
Combat Social Work in Vietnam, 1968–1969
Authors: Scurfield Raymond Monsour 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter presents combat social work in the U.S. Vietnam war. The author discusses his military career, the special challenges and lessons from his year-long tour of duty and a combat social worker’s view of the realities on the ground. This chapter provides a case study of how behavioral health practitioners in-country were confronted with what the author refers to as the psychiatric paradox—Was a psychiatric casualty “too sane” to be medially evacuated or “too sick” to be returned to duty?—coupled with significant pressure to return psych casualties to duty. The author describes his personal experiences and how he came home changed and interested in helping fellow combat veterans. He describes the lessons learned from his further mental health services to hundreds of war veterans postwar and the pervasive impact of war on those exposed to war, directly or indirectly, and their long-term recovery.
War Stories of a Brigade Behavioral Health Officer
Authors: Stone Debra M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this chapter, the author focuses on combat social work practice in a combat area of operation as a brigade behavioral health officer (BHO) while active combat engagements are going on simultaneously. After offering a brief overview of her career background prior to her commission as an officer, she focuses on the highlights of her military career as a combat social worker. Much of her attention in the chapter is her experiences providing clinical social work practice as a brigade BHO with an infantry brigade combat team during her second deployment to Afghanistan. The author shares several models of combat social work practice that she employed during these operations, as well as describing her personal experiences and reactions.
Ted Studebaker
Authors: Thyer Bruce A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Already registered with the Selective Service as a conscientious objector due to his long-held religious convictions, Ted Studebaker volunteered to serve for 2 years in Vietnam, where he coordinated community organization projects in a small village of Di Linh. Toward the end of his 2-year tour of duty, in 1979 he was killed by Viet Cong troops who broke into his house. Although decidedly antiwar, Studebaker volunteered to fulfill his duties as a citizen of the United States, a country he loved. Studebaker made his choices based upon his religious beliefs. His efforts were a small counterbalance to the immense resources devoted to waging war. Studebaker’s life and death as a civilian social worker in a combat zone during active war illustrates an alternative path for social workers who brave dangerous conditions to serve others.
Terrorism and the Problem of Moral Hazard
Authors: Bapat Navin A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Using the logic of a game theoretic model, this chapter argues that the project to cement American dominance over the global energy market failed because the U.S. security guarantee created a series of perverse incentives. Host leaders recognized that they would only receive American support if the threat of terrorism persisted, and that they would receive relatively more economic and military aid if the threat of terrorism became significant. Therefore, these host states had no incentive to disarm their terrorists. As a result, terrorism escalated throughout the energy market in the 2000s, leading to spiraling costs to the U.S. and a political backlash. Pressure mounted on American leaders to begin scaling back the war. To forestall this possibility, and protect the lucrative petrodollar system, the U.S. needed to quickly develop a strategy to force the host states to proactively address the terrorist threats in their territories.
Back-Pocket God
Authors: Denton Melinda Lundquist , Flory Richard , Smith Christian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
What do the religious and spiritual lives of American young people look like as they reach their mid to late 20s, enter the full-time job market, and start families? In Back Pocket God, the authors provide a look beyond conflicting stories that argue that emerging adults either are overwhelmingly leaving religion or are earnest spiritual seekers maintaining a significant place in their lives for religion. Denton and Flory show that while the dominant trend among young people is a move away from religious beliefs and institutions, there is also a parallel trend in which a small, religiously committed group of emerging adults claim faith as an important fixture in their lives. Yet, whether religiously committed or not, emerging adults are increasingly personalizing, customizing, and compartmentalizing religion in ways that suit their idiosyncratic desires. For emerging adults, God has become increasingly remote yet is highly personalized to meet their particular needs. In the process, they have transformed their conception of God from a powerful being or force that exists “out there” to their own personal “Pocket God”—a God that they can carry around with them but that exerts little power or influence in their daily lives. God functions, in a sense, like a smartphone app—readily accessible, easy to control, and useful but only for limited purposes. Back Pocket God shows the changing relationship between emerging adults and religion, providing a window into the future of religion and, more broadly, American culture.
Introduction
Authors: Denton Melinda Lundquist , Flory Richard 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This introductory chapter sets the context for the book, situating it in the larger National Study of Youth and Religion as the final overview book of the project, taking into account all four waves of data collection, from 2002 to 2013. The chapter lays out the basic “emerging adults” frame for understanding the stage in life of the young people in the study in Wave 4 and differentiates the book from the popular “generational” accounts such as “millennial” and other generational labels. Finally, the chapter provides a road map for each of the chapters to follow, giving a brief description of what each chapter includes and previewing the major findings of the book.
Where Are They Now?
Authors: Denton Melinda Lundquist , Flory Richard 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Building on the foundation laid in Chapter 2, this chapter focuses specifically on the religious lives of emerging adults. Survey responses from multiple waves of data collection are used to show changes over time. The chapter focuses on change and continuity in the religious lives of emerging adults, while also showing how different religious traditions have fared in terms of influencing the lives of emerging adults. Taken together, the survey data show an overarching story of decline; yet under the surface there is movement both toward and away from religion.
How Did They Get There?
Authors: Denton Melinda Lundquist , Flory Richard , Hill Jonathan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter uses growth mixture modeling to analyze the different trajectories of change in the religious lives of emerging adults. Using data from across the 10 years of the project, the authors identify six distinct religious trajectories among emerging adults and then examine the correlates of these trajectories. The chapter concludes by examining how various life outcomes relate to these trajectories. In addition to revealing the correlates and covariates of religious trajectories, the pathways examined in the chapter provide another lens through which to see the big picture of the religious lives of emerging adults. Consistent with the previous two chapters, the authors acknowledge that, taken together, there is aggregate religious decline among emerging adults in the study, as well as a smaller group of young people who are maintaining or increasing their religious commitment.
No More to Spend
Authors: Messac Luke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This book is a political history of medicine in colonial and postcolonial Malawi and, in a larger sense, an exploration of the social construction of scarcity. In much of the historical and public health literature on Africa, dismal public-sector health-care spending is considered a necessary consequence of a low GDP. But is it true that poor patients in poor countries are doomed to go without the fruits of modern medicine? The history of Malawi demonstrates how official neglect of health care required political, rhetorical, and even martial campaigns by colonial and postcolonial governments. Rising demand for medical care among African publics compelled governments either to increase spending or offer rationalizations for their inaction. Because many of these claims of scarcity persist in global health discourse, the ways in which they were deployed, defended, and (at certain moments) defeated have important implications for health outcomes today.
“Territories of Vast Potentiality,” 1919–1930
Authors: Messac Luke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chapter 2 details both the political economy of interwar colonial neglect of social services and the crucial role of moral commitments on the part of a few MPs in puncturing this neglect. The imposition of a burdensome loan for the uneconomical Trans-Zambesi Railway gave colonial officials an excuse to resist increased funding for health care. However, MPs with a commitment to colonial health care successfully argued for debt relief and increased funding for Nyasaland during the debate over the 1929 Colonial Development Act. As a result, the colonial physician John Owen Shircore authored a plan that, though never entirely realized, resulted in the establishment of dozens of new government medical facilities in Nyasaland during in the early 1930s. Still, these facilities were ill equipped and inadequately staffed.
“We Have to Wait for Riots and Disturbances,” 1931–1941
Authors: Messac Luke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter demonstrates the recrudescence of neglect during and after the Great Depression. Waves of civil and labor unrest compelled the Colonial Office and Treasury to raise levels of health-care spending in many imperial holdings. But Nyasaland, viewed as a relatively insignificant and peaceful backwater, received little of this funding. A reformist colonial physician, H.S. de Boer, advocated for expanded government health services for subject Africans, but London officials largely dismissed these proposals as inappropriate applications of metropolitan living standards to colonial settings. Even new rhetoric and legislation in support of colonial welfare at the start of the Second World War did not bring meaningful improvements in health care for Nyasaland’s subject Africans.
“The Partnership Between a Rider and His Horse,” 1953–1963
Authors: Messac Luke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 demonstrates how the newfound potency of postwar medical technologies made it ever more difficult for colonial officials to deny them to colonized publics. With the arrival of novel and effective antibiotics, attendance at government health facilities rose precipitously. At the same time, a widely detested new Federation Government, based in Southern Rhodesia and dominated by white settlers, faced militant opposition from Nyasaland’s African population. The concomitant rise in popularity in government health-care facilities and a crescendo in civil unrest and repression impelled the Federation government to increase spending on health care in Nyasaland. When the United Kingdom dissolved the Federation and announced plans to grant Nyasaland its independence, Federation officials made drastic cuts to health care spending.
Orders of Exclusion
Authors: Lascurettes Kyle M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
When and why do powerful countries seek to enact major changes to international order, the broad set of rules that guide behavior in world politics? This question is particularly important today given the Trump administration’s clear disregard for the reigning liberal international order in the United States. Across the globe, there is also uncertainty over what China might seek to replace that order with as it continues to amass power and influence. Together, these developments mean that what motivates great powers to shape and change order will remain at the forefront of debates over the future of world politics. Prior studies have focused on how the origins of international orders have been consensus-driven and inclusive. By contrast, this book argues that the propelling motivation for great power order building at important historical junctures has typically been exclusionary, centered around combatting other actors rather than cooperatively engaging with them. Dominant powers pursue fundamental changes to order when they perceive a major new threat on the horizon. Moreover, they do so for the purpose of targeting this perceived threat, be it another powerful state or a foreboding ideological movement. The goal of foundational rule writing in international relations, then, is blocking that threatening entity from amassing further influence, a motive Lascurettes illustrates at work across more than three hundred years of history. Far from falling outside of the bounds of traditional statecraft, order building is the continuation of power politics by other means.
Order in the European Concert Era
Authors: Lascurettes Kyle M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 (“Order in the European Concert Era”) examines three moments of order change opportunity in the nineteenth century centered around the Concert of Europe. The first section assesses the scholarly debate over what the Concert actually was, making the case that it constituted a decisive departure from the brand of balance-of-power politics that had previously dominated Europe. And yet accepting what the Concert was says nothing about how it came to be, an argument developed in the second section that examines the strategic and exclusionary impulses behind its origins after the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. The third section assesses two more cases of opportunity where the dominant actors elected not to seek major changes to the Concert order: the aftermath of the liberal revolutionary wave of 1848 and the negotiations that ended the Crimean War in 1856.
Consolidating the Liberal International Order
Authors: Lascurettes Kyle M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
While the previous chapter chronicled the origins of the Cold War, chapter 8 (“Consolidating the Liberal International Order”) considers its ending. It focuses in particular on the principal security component of Western order during the Cold War’s endgame, NATO. In contrast to the extraordinary transformations after World War II, the pivotal changes in international power and influence that took place between the 1989 and 1991 did not correspond with matching changes in American order preferences or, more importantly, in order outcomes. Instead, US leaders ultimately chose to stick with existing principles, maintaining continuity of the Western order in the transition from the Cold War to a post–Cold War international system. We can account for this continuity, this chapter argues, by assessing American perceptions of the lack of new any new threatening entities or forces during this critical period.
The Future of Order
Authors: Lascurettes Kyle M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chapter 9 (“The Future of Order”) reviews the empirical findings of the book and discusses their implications for the study of international relations. It then leverages these findings to address the two most important questions for international order in the twenty-first century: In the near term, what changes to the existing liberal order will the United States advocate as it continues to decline in relative power? And in the long term, what is its projected hegemonic successor, China, likely to do with the existing order when it finds itself in a position to fundamentally recast its underlying principles?
The Contests for Communal Temples in the Early 1950s to the Mid-1970s
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
From collectivization to the Cultural Revolution, communal temples deprived of land routinely came under attack, from political campaigns and encroachments on their property and religious sites. By the early 1970s, the vast majority of communal temples in Rui’an were either shut down, occupied, or destroyed—a massive deterritorialization on a truly unprecedented scale in local history. Followers quickly learned to deal with the expropriation of traditional communal religious space through various tactics to carry on worship. The restoration of temples did not lack the support of Communist Party cadres, the new village leadership. However, since the political climate affected the stability of religious spaces, as well as the material foundations and leadership of communal religious activities, attempts to restore temples and temple practices could only persist at a minimal level. But this persistence had a crucial role in laying the groundwork for the post-Mao revival of communal temples.
Destruction and Renewal
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Before 1958, most Protestant churches were less heavily stigmatized, unlike the Catholic Church, which had been overshadowed by the politically charged “counterrevolutionary” stigma since 1949. Many village Protestant churches welcomed new converts and new church groups were founded. This ongoing growth had other consequences as well, creating friction with state programs, local cadres, and even non-Christian villagers. In Wenzhou, the local government used the occasion of the Great Leap Forward beginning in 1958 to launch a “great leap in religious work,” shutting down all churches and forcing Christians to renounce their faith. The campaign left Protestant communities deeply divided, mixing fresh wounds with old feuds. The hostile political climate led to clandestine house gatherings and new modus operandi for Christian communities. This shift would bring about a much more dramatic transformation during the Cultural Revolution.
Mixed Blessings
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The transition from underground family gathering to meetings in formal church buildings after the Cultural Revolution was a dramatic passage in the history of Christianity in Rui’an and Wenzhou. It generated both prosperity and chaos. Many Protestant leaders adopted a pragmatic stance toward the re-established Three-Self Church, allowing Protestant communities to take full advantage of their status as a “regulatory priority.” By contrast, Catholic communities could not do so because of their persistent refusal to collaborate with the government. Yet the loosening political and institutional environment was a mixed blessing for the Protestant Church. The government’s accommodating attitude toward formal church meetings considerably accelerated the construction, restitution, and legalization of churches, old and new. But the reappearance of the Three-Self Church tested the fragile unity that the churches had achieved during the Cultural Revolution. Protestant communities were torn apart by schisms at every level, from pan-denominational organizations to small village churches.
Déjà Vu?
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The 1980s saw a grassroots movement that capitalized on the disintegration of collective institutions and the weakening of the planned economy to reclaim religious sites in Rui’an and Wenzhou, a highly symbolic moment that reversed the trend of destruction and expropriation of traditional ritual space since 1898. Yet the movement was not just about religion. It occurred as a social response to a larger issue—the instability of property rights during decollectivization—and has dramatically revitalized traditional rural organizations. The co-option and repackaging of Elderly People Associations (EPAs) as a proxy for temple reclamation allowed local residents to reinvent communal religion, circumventing the problem of legality and securing a stable existence for territorial temples. However, local EPAs have grown beyond their early role as a cover for religious activities. As they grow socially and economically, drawing retired cadres and other village elites, they are moving toward the center of village politics.