bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution of chemical dynamic optimization systems using novel differential gradient evolution algorithm
Authors: Tabassum Muhammad Farhan , Saeed Muhammad , Akgül Ali , Farman Muhammad , Akram Sana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Optimization for all disciplines is essential and relevant. Optimization has played a vital role in industrial reactors’ design and operation, separation processes, heat exchangers, and complete plants in Chemical Engineering. In this paper, a novel hybrid meta-heuristic optimization algorithm which is based on Differential Evolution

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Gradient Evolution

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and Jumping Technique (+) named Differential Gradient Evolution Plus (DGE+) is presented. The main concept of this hybrid algorithm is to enhance its exploration and exploitation ability. The proposed algorithm hybridizes the above-mentioned algorithms with the help of an improvised dynamic probability distribution, additionally provides a new shake off method to avoid premature convergence towards local minima. The performance of

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is investigated in thirteen benchmark unconstraint functions, and the results are compared to the other state-of-the-art meta-heuristics. The comparison shows that the proposed algorithm can outperform the other state-of-the-art meta-heuristics in almost all benchmark functions. To evaluate the precision and robustness of the

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it has also been applied to complex chemical dynamic optimization systems such as optimization of a multimodal continuous stirred tank reactor, Lee-Ramirez bioreactor, Six-plate gas absorption tower, and optimal operation of alkylation unit, the results of comparison revealed that the proposed algorithm can provide very compact, competitive and promising performance overall complex non-linear chemical design problems.
Influence of coherent adiabatic excitation on femtosecond transient signals
Authors: Conde A Peralta , Montero R , Longarte A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Femtosecond laser pulses are the tools of choice for inducing and tracking the temporal evolution of electronic excitation in molecular systems. To obtain this information, a proper theoretical modeling of the observables monitored in these experiments is essential. Herein, we present a coherent approach to simulate the time-dependent signals that result from femtosecond pump-probe experiments with ionization detection. Thus, the transient signals derived from femtosecond pump-probe experiments are analyzed in terms of the coherent evolution of the energy levels perturbed by the excitation pulse. The model system is treated as the sum of independent two-level subsystems that evolve adiabatically or are permanently excited, depending on the detuning from the central wavelength of the excitation laser. This approach will allow us to explain numerically and analytically the convergence between the coherent and incoherent (rate equations) treatments for complex multi-level systems. It will be also shown that the parameter that determines the validity of the incoherent treatment is the distribution of states outside and inside the laser bandwidth, rather than the density of states as it is commonly accepted.
Sufficient sampling for kriging prediction of cortical potential in rat, monkey, and human µECoG
Authors: Trumpis Michael , Chiang Chia-Han , Orsborn Amy L , Bent Brinnae , Li Jinghua , Rogers John A , Pesaran Bijan , Cogan Gregory , Viventi Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective. Large channel count surface-based electrophysiology arrays (e.g. µECoG) are high-throughput neural interfaces with good chronic stability. Electrode spacing remains ad hoc due to redundancy and nonstationarity of field dynamics. Here, we establish a criterion for electrode spacing based on the expected accuracy of predicting unsampled field potential from sampled sites. Approach. We applied spatial covariance modeling and field prediction techniques based on geospatial kriging to quantify sufficient sampling for thousands of 500 ms µECoG snapshots in human, monkey, and rat. We calculated a probably approximately correct (PAC) spacing based on kriging that would be required to predict µECoG fields at

≤

10% error for most cases (95% of observations). Main results. Kriging theory accurately explained the competing effects of electrode density and noise on predicting field potential. Across five frequency bands from 4–7 to 75–300 Hz, PAC spacing was sub-millimeter for auditory cortex in anesthetized and awake rats, and posterior superior temporal gyrus in anesthetized human. At 75–300 Hz, sub-millimeter PAC spacing was required in all species and cortical areas. Significance. PAC spacing accounted for the effect of signal-to-noise on prediction quality and was sensitive to the full distribution of non-stationary covariance states. Our results show that µECoG arrays should sample at sub-millimeter resolution for applications in diverse cortical areas and for noise resilience.
Effect of geometric and magnetic boundary conditions on magnetic islands in 3D force-free ideal MHD equilibria
Authors: Benedett T.E. , Hansen C.J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Three-dimensional boundary features and magnetic perturbations affect the magnetic topology of the force-free ideal MHD equilibria formed within a given volume. The use of the PSI-Tet 3D finite-element equilibrium code reveals the existence of magnetic islands inside such equilibria within boundaries with three-dimensional features in configurations that directly depend on the natures of those features. The nature and limits of the influence of such features are explored, as is the influence of flux boundary conditions to qualitatively identify the structure of magnetic islands in Taylor state equilibria with three-dimensional boundary conditions.
Mesoporous silica prepared via a green route: a comparative study for the removal of crystal violet from wastewater
Authors: Naseem Taiba , Baig Mirza Mahmood , Warsi Muhammad Farooq , Hussain Rafaqat , Agboola Philips O , Waseem Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this present study, a wet chemical method with environmentally friendly and cost-effective bagasse ash is used to prepare the mesoporous silica structures. Significant amounts of silica (SiO2) (∼75 percent) were measured in the bagasse ash as confirmed by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). The porous silica particles with uniform morphology showed a weight loss of ∼150 to ∼45%. The removal of crystal violet was performed with silica extracted from bagasse ash along with two other silica samples prepared from commercially available sodium silicate and TEOS for comparison purposes. The equilibrium adsorption data followed the Langmuir model for both linear and non-linear adsorption isotherm. The maximum monolayer capacity was found to be 26.53 mg/g. From the Langmuir isotherm, the value of ∆H is (SiO2 (SS) = 0.83, SiO2 (BA) = 5.19, and SiO2 (TEOS) = 3.05), which indicates that the uptake of CV dye on mesoporous silica particles could be attributed to physical adsorption. The positive value of ∆H confirms that the adsorption is endothermic, and the positive value of ∆S indicates a certain structural modification and randomness increases in solid/liquid interface. The respective activation energy values for CV dye adsorption on mesoporous SiO2 (SS), SiO2 (BA), and SiO2 (TEOS) are 0.83, 5.19, and 3.05 kJ mol−1. All values are less than 8, showing that it is corresponding to physical adsorption. The findings further show that silica obtained from the bagasse ash is a cost-effective and equally effective adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet from an aqueous solution.
Hsa_circRNA_002144 promotes growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer through regulating miR-615-5p/LARP1/mTOR pathway
Authors: Wu Mengqiong , Kong Cancan , Cai Manni , Huang Weiwei , Chen Yiming , Wang Baochun , Liu Xin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCircRNAs (circular RNAs), recently identified as a critical regulator in tumorigenesis, participate in CRC (colorectal cancer) growth. However, the role of hsa_circRNA_002144 in CRC was poorly understood. Firstly, hsa_circRNA_002144 showed significantly elevation in both of CRC tissues and cell lines, and suggested closely associated with poor prognosis in patients. Secondly, data from functional assays revealed that silence of hsa_circRNA_002144 inhibited CRC progression with reduced cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, while enhanced cell apoptosis. In addition, in vivo CRC growth and metastasis were also suppressed by knockdown of hsa_circRNA_002144. However, CRC progression was promoted with over-expression of hsa_circRNA_002144. Thirdly, hsa_circRNA_002144 colocalized with miR-615-5p in the cytoplasm of CRC cells, and decreased miR-615-5p expression. Moreover, miR-615-5p could target LARP1 (La ribonucleoprotein 1, translational regulator). Lastly, the suppressive effects of hsa_circRNA_002144 knockdown on CRC progression were reversed by LARP1 over-expression. In conclusion, hsa_circRNA_002144 could sponge miR-615-5p to promote CRC progression through the regulation of LARP1, providing a therapeutic target for cancer intervention.
Effect of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation With or Without Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease on the Risk of Nonrelapse Mortality
Authors: Akahoshi Yu , Kimura Shun-Ichi , Inamoto Yoshihiro , Seo Sachiko , Muranushi Hiroyuki , Shimizu Hiroaki , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Tanaka Masatsugu , Uchida Naoyuki , Kanda Yoshinobu , Katayama Yuta , Shiratori Souichi , Ota Shuichi , Matsuoka Ken-ichi , Onizuka Makoto , Fukuda Takahiro , Atsuta Yoshiko , Murata Makoto , Terakura Seitaro , Nakasone Hideki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite a strong association between acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and cytomegalovirus reactivation (CMVR), the joint effect of acute GVHD and CMVR on nonrelapse mortality (NRM) has not been well studied.

Methods
We evaluated the impact of CMVR on NRM stratified according to the development of acute GVHD using a landmark method. This study included 6078 patients who received their first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with a preemptive strategy for CMVR between 2008 and 2017.

Results
The cumulative incidences of grade 2-4 acute GVHD (G24GVHD), CMVR by day 100, and CMV disease by day 365 were 37.3%, 52.1%, and 2.9%, respectively. Patients with G24GVHD were associated with the subsequent development of CMVR, and the presence of CMVR also increased the risk of G24GVHD. In a landmark analysis at day 65, the cumulative incidence of NRM at 1 year was 5.4%, 10.0%, 13.9%, and 19.7% in patients with G24GVHD–/CMVR–, G24GVHD–/CMVR+, G24GVHD+/CMVR–, and G24GVHD+/CMVR+, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, CMVR was respectively associated with an increased risk of NRM by day 365 in patients without G24GVHD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24–2.05; P &lt; .001) and with G24GVHD (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.06–1.70; P = .014), but the interaction between G24GVHD and CMVR was not significant (P = .326). Subgroup analyses suggested that the joint effect of acute GVHD and CMVR might vary according to the baseline characteristics.

Conclusions
These data regarding the close relationship between acute GVHD and CMVR should provide important implications for the treatment strategy after HCT.
Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of wheat fermented with Agaricus brasiliensis and Agaricus bisporus
Authors: Zhai Fei-Hong , Chen Yan-Fei , Zhang Yong , Zhao Wen-Jing , Han Jian-Rong 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Solid-state fermentation with Agaricus brasiliensis and Agaricus bisporus on whole grain wheat was carried out. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of fermented wheat were determined. The results showed that the maximum values of polyphenols contents in wheat fermented with A. brasiliensis and A. bisporus reached, respectively (3.16 ± 0.21) and (3.93 ± 0.23) mg GAE/g, which were 2.90 and 3.61 times of unfermented control. By employing ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), 18 kinds of phenolic compounds were identified from fermented wheat. Compared with control, only 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde was the same compound. It indicated that fermentation with the two fungi changed polyphenols contents and phenolic compounds composition in wheat to a great extent. Among these phenolic compounds, except for 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde, 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid and β-N-(γ-glutamyl)-4-formylphenylhydrazine, other 15 kinds of phenolic compounds were first identified from mushroom samples (including fruit bodies, mycelia and fermentation products). DPPH radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, ferrous ion chelating ability and inhibition of lipid peroxidation of fermented wheat were significantly stronger than control (P &lt; 0.05).
Betacyanin-inhibited biofilm formation of co-culture of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on different polymer surfaces
Authors: Yong Yi Yi , Ong Michelle Wei Kim , Dykes Gary , Choo Wee Sim 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are bacteria that cause biofilm-associated infections. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of combined betacyanin fractions from Amaranthus dubius (red spinach) and Hylocereus polyrhizus (red pitahaya) against biofilms formed by co-culture of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa on different polymer surfaces. Various formulations containing different concentrations of the betacyanin fractions were investigated for biofilm-inhibiting activity on polystyrene surfaces using crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy. A combination of each betacyanin fraction (0.625 mg mL−1) reduced biofilm formation of five S. aureus strains and four P. aeruginosa strains from optical density values of 1.24–3.84 and 1.25–3.52 to 0.81–2.63 and 0.80–1.71, respectively. These combined fractions also significantly inhibited dual-species biofilms by 2.30 and reduced 1.0–1.3 log CFU cm−2 bacterial attachment on polymer surfaces such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene and silicone rubber. This study demonstrated an increase in biofilm-inhibiting activity against biofilms formed by two species using combined fractions than that by using single fractions. Betacyanins found in different plants could collectively be used to potentially decrease the risk of biofilm-associated infections caused by these bacteria on hydrophobic polymers.
Social Determinants of Health for People With Serious Mental Illness After Transitioning to the Community
Authors: Kellett Kathy , Ligus Kaleigh , Baker Kristin , Robison Julie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Approximately 10 million, or 6 percent, of the U.S. population experience serious mental illness (SMI) (NAMI, 2019). Social determinants of health (SDOH) associated with this population can provide important information for targeted innovations with the potential to reduce disease burden and improve quality of life. Using secondary data from Connecticut’s Money Follows the Person Rebalancing Demonstration, this research compares people age 50+ who transitioned out of an institution onto the Medicaid HCBS Mental Health Waiver (MHW) (n= 271) to those receiving Mental Health services through the Medicaid State Plan (MHSP) (n=278). Analyses examine SDOH in both groups and are organized around five broad domains: Finances; education; social/community context, health/health care, and neighborhood/built environment. MHSP participants were significantly more likely to report not having enough money at the end of the month at 6 (42% vs. 21%), 12 (37% vs. 20%), and 24 (37% vs. 17%) months. Significantly more MHSP than MHW participants did not like where they lived at 6 (12% vs. 1%) and 24 (24% vs. 5%) months. Significantly more MHSP than MHW participants were unhappy with the help they received in the community at 6 (22% vs. 8%), 12 (23% vs. 7%), and 24 (19% vs. 5%) months. Groups did not differ by education, social/community context, health/health care, feelings of safety where they live, or on post-transition hospitalizations, ED use or reinstitutionalization. To improve quality of life in the community, MHSP participants could benefit from greater assistance with finances, housing, and community services.
Rehabilitation Therapy Staffing Composition and Post-Acute Care Quality in Skilled Nursing Facilities
Authors: Wang Xiao (Joyce) , Hefele Jennifer , Driscol Laura , Wang Joyce 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Rehabilitation therapy staffing is crucial in achieving high quality of post-acute care (PAC) in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), but few studies have explored therapy staffing composition and how it relates to SNFs’ PAC quality. This study describes SNFs’ therapy staffing composition and its association with facility-level PAC fall rates. Our study was a cross-sectional study using facility-level data (Q3 2017-Q2 2018). Data sources include Nursing Home Compare, Payroll-Based Journal data, Area Health Resource File and LTCFocUS.org. The first independent variable was the share of total therapy staff in the direct care team, a ratio between total therapy staffing hours and total direct care hours (includes nursing).To further understand the composition of therapy staff with different qualifications within the therapy team, two variables were generated: 1) proportion of higher skilled therapy staff (i.e. assistant, therapist) hours of total therapy hours; and 2) assistant to therapist ratio. Multivariate linear regression modeling was used, controlling for other characteristics and state fixed effects. Our results show SNF therapy staffing compositions varied significantly by profit status, chain affiliation, and urban/rural location. Further, SNFs with higher shares of therapy staff and higher skilled staff had significantly lower fall rates. However, SNFs with higher assistant-to-therapist ratios had higher fall rates. Our results demonstrated the value of having a multidisciplinary team with higher skilled staff. The results also supported researchers’ concerns that recent Medicare payment change (i.e. the Patient Driven Payment Model) may negatively impact quality by reinforcing providers’ incentives of reducing rehabilitation staffing and/or using lower-skilled staff.
The Role of Age, Political Affiliation, and Framing in Attitudes Toward Hispanic and Latinx Immigrants
Authors: Yan Mengzhao , Gassoumis Zachary , Wilber Kathleen , Navarro Sheila Salinas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The United States is experiencing rapid aging and increasing racial and ethnic diversity. Nevertheless, political rhetoric about immigrants has stoked negative assumptions and beliefs adding to fear and cultural misperceptions. Among those most affected are people of Hispanic/LatinX ethnicity, who comprise approximately 18% of the population. To address negative stereotypes, we sought to test how framing affected attitudes about Hispanic/LatinX immigrants and how people in different generations across the political spectrum respond to framing. As part of the “Latinos and Economic Security (LES),” a national research project funded by the Ford Foundation, we launched the “Well Being 501 Latino Economic Security” survey through the American Life Panel of RAND Corporation in 2018. Before answering the survey questions, participants (n=739) were randomly assigned to three different conditions: a 100-word priming statement focused on Hispanic/LatinX work ethic/religiosity/patriotism (33.29%), a 100-word priming statement focused on justice/equity/fairness (32.75%), and a control group with no priming statement (33.96%). We used multiple linear regression to examine relationships among demographic variables, age, political affiliation, and priming statements and attitudes toward Hispanic/LatinX immigrants. Key findings include: 1) age, political affiliation, education level, race and ethnicity, and gender explained 47.5% of the variance in attitudes; 2) baby boomers and generation X were significantly less tolerant of Hispanic/LatinX; 3) priming statements played a salient mediating role in neutralizing negative attitudes. By employing a developmental perspective, we proposed six recommendations from the aspects of reframing policy narrative and developing educational programs targeted at improving attitudes toward Hispanic/LatinX immigrants.
4:10 Cycles of Very Low Calories Protect Against Tumor Xenografts, but Not Metastases in the Absence of Chemotherapy
Authors: Pomatto Laura Corrales-Diaz , Bosompra Oye , Wong Sarah , Bodogai Monica , Kato Jonathan , Carpenter Melissa , Biragyn Arya , de Cabo Rafael 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of mortality, with its incidence only expected to rise with an increasingly aging population. Dietary interventions, primarily caloric restriction (CR), lower cellular energy metabolism and have long been utilized to slow the aging process and protect against age-related diseases, including cancer. However, due to the stringency of CR, dietary alternatives that offer the same beneficial outcomes in cancer prevention and longevity have become increasingly attractive. Periodic cycles (4 days twice a month) of low caloric intake followed by a standard ad libitum (AL) diet was previously shown to promote health-span in mice and humans and protect against primary tumorigenesis and enhanced the effects of chemotherapy. The aim of our study was to compare the tumorigenic potential of 4T1 cells, a murine model of stage IV breast cancer, in young and aged female BALB/c mice fed either periodic cycles of low caloric diets versus chronic 20% CR. Compared to AL controls, we found a significant delay in primary tumor growth in mice regardless of diet composition by the 4:10 cycles of very low caloric intake. However, unlike in CR, CR-alternative diets were not protective against lung metastases in the absence of chemotherapy. Our study sheds light into the underlying differences of calorie-based interventions in the absence of chemotherapy.
A Metabolic Stress Response
Authors: Leiser Scott , Choi Christopher , Bhat Ajay , Evans Charles 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An organism’s ability to respond to stress is crucial for long-term survival. These stress responses are coordinated by distinct but overlapping pathways, many of which have been found to also regulate longevity in multiple organisms across species. Despite extensive effort, our understanding of these pathways and how they affect aging remains incomplete and thus is a key area of study in Geroscience. Our previous work identified flavin-containing monooxygenase-2 (fmo-2) as a key longevity-promoting gene downstream of at least three longevity promoting pathways, including the hypoxic response, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the dietary restriction pathway. Based on the commonalities of these pathways, we hypothesized that fmo-2, a classically annotated xenobiotic enzyme, might play a key endogenous role in responding to metabolic stress. Our resulting data, using metabolic profiling and further epistatic analysis, both support this hypothesis and link fmo-2’s mechanism to modifications to one-carbon metabolism (OCM), a key intermediate pathway between the nucleotide metabolism, methylation, and transsulfuration pathways. Using mathematical modeling and a novel metabolomics approach, we were able to further identify the likely mechanism of fmo-2-mediated metabolic effects, and connect them to both OCM and downstream components. We propose a model whereby nematode fmo-2 represents a class of enzymes that are able to modify large aspects of metabolism, similar to how transcription factors modify gene expression, and that fmo-2 is a key member of a conserved metabolic stress response.