bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic therapy with human amniotic fluid stem cells improved survival in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced neonatal sepsis through immunomodulation via aggregates with peritoneal macrophages
Authors: Sato Yu , Ochiai Daigo , Abe Yushi , Masuda Hirotaka , Fukutake Marie , Ikenoue Satoru , Kasuga Yoshifumi , Shimoda Masayuki , Kanai Yae , Tanaka Mamoru 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Despite recent advances in neonatal care, sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in neonates. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from various tissues, such as bone marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, have beneficial effects on adult sepsis. Although human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) have mesenchymal stem cell properties, the efficacy of hAFSCs on neonatal sepsis is yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of hAFSCs on neonatal sepsis using a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis.

Methods
hAFSCs were isolated as CD117-positive cells from human amniotic fluid. Three-day-old rat pups were intraperitoneally treated with LPS to mimic neonatal sepsis. hAFSCs were administered either 3 h before or at 0, 3, or 24 h after LPS exposure. Serum inflammatory cytokine levels, gene expression profiles from spleens, and multiple organ damage were analyzed. hAFSC localization was determined in vivo. In vitro LPS stimulation tests were performed using neonatal rat peritoneal macrophages co-cultured with hAFSCs in a cell-cell contact-dependent/independent manner. Immunoregulation in the spleen was determined using a DNA microarray analysis.

Results
Prophylactic therapy with hAFSCs improved survival in the LPS-treated rats while the hAFSCs transplantation after LPS exposure did not elicit a therapeutic response. Therefore, hAFSC pretreatment was used for all subsequent studies. Inflammatory cytokine levels were elevated after LPS injection, which was attenuated by hAFSC pretreatment. Subsequently, inflammation-induced damages in the brain, lungs, and liver were ameliorated. hAFSCs aggregated with peritoneal macrophages and/or transiently accumulated in the liver, mesentery, and peritoneum. Paracrine factors released by hAFSCs induced M1-M2 macrophage polarization in a cell-cell contact-independent manner. Direct contact between hAFSCs and peritoneal macrophages further enhanced the polarization. Microarray analysis of the spleen showed that hAFSC pretreatment reduced the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and inflammation and subsequently suppressed toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathways.

Conclusions
Prophylactic therapy with hAFSCs improved survival in a rat model of LPS-induced neonatal sepsis. These effects might be mediated by a phenotypic switch from M1 to M2 in peritoneal macrophages, triggered by hAFSCs in a cell-cell contact-dependent/independent manner and the subsequent immunomodulation of the spleen.
Optimization of Tris/EDTA/Sucrose (TES) periplasmic extraction for the recovery of functional scFv antibodies
Authors: Ghamghami Elham , Abri Aghdam Marjan , Tohidkia Mohammad Reza , Ahmadikhah Asadollah , Khanmohammadi Morteza , Mehdipour Tayebeh , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSingle-chain variable fragments (scFvs) have gained increased attention among researchers in both academic and industrial fields owing to simple production in E. coli. The E. coli periplasm has been the site of choice for the expression of scFv molecules due to its oxidizing milieu facilitating correctly formation of disulfide bonds. Hence, the recovery of high-yield and biologically active species from the periplasmic space is a critical step at beginning of downstream processing. TES (Tris/EDTA/Sucrose) as a simple and efficient extraction method has been frequently used but under varied extraction conditions, over literature. This study, for the first time, aimed to interrogate the effects of four independent variables (i.e., Tris–HCl concentration, buffer’s pH, EDTA concentration, and incubation time) and their potential interactions on the functional extraction yield of an scFv antibody from the periplasmic space of E. coli. The results indicated that the Tris–HCl concentration and pH are the most significant variables in the TES method and displayed a positive effect at their lower values on the functional extraction yield. Besides, the statistical analysis revealed 4 significant interactions between different variables. Here is the first report on the successful application of a design of experiment based on a central composite design to establish a generic and optimal TES extraction condition. Accordingly, an optimal condition for TES extraction of scFv molecules from the periplasm of HB2151 at the exponential phase was developed as follows: 50 mM Tris–HCl at pH 7.2, 0.53 mM EDTA, and an incubation time of 60 min.
Development of Finite Element Analysis for Intermediate Length Coupling Beams Considering Bond-Slip Interface
Authors: Nabilah Abu Bakar , Koh Chan Ghee , Izian Abd. Karim , Abd. Aziz Farah Nora Aznieta 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFinite element analysis is performed on four reinforced concrete coupling beams of intermediate length using 2-D plane stress elements, under monotonic load up to failure. The model is verified using the results from (Nabilah and Koh in KSCE J Civil Eng 21:2807–2813, 2017). The bond-slip interface for the longitudinal reinforcement is modeled in the finite element, as it is found that it better predicts the load-deformation behavior compared to perfect bond. The comparison between finite element analysis and the experiment found that the model is able to predict the overall behavior of the structure, especially the maximum load capacity. The maximum deformation and the shear deformation from the finite element analysis are found to be underestimated, due to the inability of the model to predict shear deformation accurately. Flexural deformation (due to flexure and slip) is found to be well predicted, as the bond-slip behavior is modeled in the analysis. Generally, the shear deformation and slip are found to be significant in the intermediate length coupling beam and should not be ignored in the analysis. Finally, the effective stiffness prediction using finite element analysis is found to be overestimated and should be determined instead using existing equations.
Low-cost, disposable colourimetric sensors for metal ions detection
Authors: Alberti Giancarla , Zanoni Camilla , Magnaghi Lisa Rita , Biesuz Raffaela 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, two colourimetric sensors for metal ions detection are presented. The devices are obtained by fixing two classical dyes, Eriochrome Black T (EBT) and 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN), on the commercial paper sheet “Colour Catcher®” (here named under the acronym CC) generally used in the washing machine to prevent colour run problems. The devices are optical sensors, since the indicator dye, fixed on the solid material, changes its spectral properties (colour and hence UV-vis spectrum) upon contact with the metal ion solution. We used the partial least squares (PLS) regression for obtaining the relationship between the metal ion content and the UV-vis spectrum change of each sensor.
Spatial gradients of geomagnetic temporal variations causing the instability of inter-station transfer functions
Authors: Sato Shinya , Goto Tada-nori , Koike Katsuaki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSpatial gradients in the primary geomagnetic fields directly contribute to both the amplitudes and phases of inter-station transfer functions (IS-TFs). This suggests that, for the analysis of subsurface resistivity structures, IS-TFs should be carefully treated by checking the establishment of the plane-wave assumption. Geomagnetic time-series data include various and complicated characteristics and accordingly, time–frequency domain analysis is suitable for the discussion of spatial gradients of time-varying geomagnetic fields. However, such evaluations are complicated by the huge amount of information contained in the spectrograms from several stations. Therefore, we propose a Multi-Channel Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (MC-NMF) method that can decompose raw spectrograms into several components, allowing the spatial gradient of each geomagnetic temporal variation to be identified. We confirm that such components actually affect the estimation of IS-TFs using data acquired at the Kakioka and Memambetsu magnetic observatories in Japan. We derive the year-to-year changes in IS-TFs from each set of paired stations among Kakioka, Kanoya, and Memambetsu observatories. Although the IS-TFs should exhibit opposite polarities (a negative correlation) when the input and output observatories are swapped; surprisingly, some of them have “identical” polarities. The application of MC-NMF shows that the analyzed geomagnetic data include several components that have various spatial gradients. Although IS-TFs sometimes fail to give the expected implication regarding the spatial gradients of geomagnetic temporal variations, MC-NMF can verify whether the IS-TFs exhibit any spatial gradients. Thus, the use of IS-TFs with MC-NMF can yield better implications regarding subsurface resistivity information.
Productivity of wormwood (Artemisia abrotanum) enhanced by trace elements
Authors: Khalid Khalid A. , El-Gohary Ahmed E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and objective
Artemisia abrotanum (A. abrotanum) used for against cancer, cough, fever, and tumors; also, it contains essential oil (EO) used in antimicrobial possesses. Trace elements (iron, Fe; magnesium, Mg; and manganese, Mn) play important roles in physiological processes and metabolisms of A. abrotanum plants. In this study, growth, yield, EO, and nutrient contents of A. abrotanum were evaluated under foliar spray of Fe, Mg, or Mn treatments.

Materials and methods
Plants subjected to different rates of Fe (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 g/L), Mg (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 g/L), or Mn (0, 50, 100, 200, and 300 mg/L) as individual experiments. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA-1.

Results
Obtained results showed that Fe (3 g/L), Mg (8 g/L), or Mn (300 mg/L) resulted in the greatest values of growth characters (plant height, fresh and dry weights of aerial parts), EO content (% and mL/100 plants), major constituents of EO (2-hydroxy-1, 8-cineole, β-eudesmol, and camphor), nutrient contents, and their uptakes. Different changes were found in various chemical classes of EO (mono and sesquiterpenes).

Conclusion
Significant variations were detected in growth, yield, EO, and nutrient contents due to foliar applications of various trace elements such as Fe, Mg, and Mn.
Delirium in the acute hospital setting: the role of psychiatry
Authors: FitzGerald James M. , Price Annabel 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYIn this overview we discuss the role of psychiatry in managing delirium in acute hospital admissions. We briefly discuss the role psychiatry can offer in four main domains: (a) assessment; (b) management; (c) recovery; and (d) paradigm, education and research. In the assessment section we discuss accurately detecting delirium in the context of comorbid mixed neuropsychiatric syndromes, including depression and dementia, and the clinical importance of delirium subtyping. The management section briefly outlines pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to delirium and their evidence-based rationale. The recovery section focuses on the effect delirium can have on cognitive decline, mental health and long-term health, including functional outcome and need for institutional care after hospital discharge. Finally, we outline the role of psychiatry in delirium research and education. We hope that this article will encourage clinicians to reflect on their current practice and consider holistic and evidence-based care for this vulnerable population in the acute hospital setting.
Saliva Iodine Concentration in Children and Its Association with Iodine Status and Thyroid Function
Authors: Guo Wenxing , Pan Ziyun , Zhang Ying , Jin Ya , Dong Shuyao , Wu Wen , Chen Wen , Zhang Wanqi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Context
The effectiveness of saliva iodine concentration (SIC) in evaluating iodine status in children is not clear.

Objective
We aimed to explore associations between SIC and assessed indicators of iodine status and thyroid function.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Primary schools in Shandong, China.

Participants
Local children aged 8 to 13 years with no known thyroid disease were recruited to this study.

Main outcome measures
Blood, saliva, and urine samples were collected to evaluate thyroid function and iodine status.

Results
SIC positively correlated with spot urinary iodine concentration (r = 0.29, P &lt; 0.0001), 24-hour urinary iodine concentration (r = 0.35, P &lt; 0.0001), and 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (r = 0.40, P &lt; 0.0001). The prevalence of thyroid nodules (TN) and goiter showed an upward trend with SIC quantiles (P for trend &lt; 0.05). Children with SIC &lt;105 μg/L had a higher risk of insufficient iodine status (OR = 4.18; 95% CI, 2.67-6.56) compared with those with higher SIC. Those having SIC &gt;273 μg/L were associated with greater risks of TN (OR = 2.70; 95% CI, 1.38-5.26) and excessive iodine status (OR = 18.56; 95% CI, 5.66-60.91) than those with lower SIC values.

Conclusions
There is a good correlation between SIC and urinary iodine concentrations. It is of significant reference value for the diagnosis of iodine deficiency with SIC of less than 105 μg/L and for the diagnosis of iodine excess and TN with SIC of more than 273 μg/L. Given the sanitary nature and convenience of saliva iodine collection, SIC is highly recommended as a good biomarker of recent iodine status in school-aged children.
Statin Use is Associated With Insulin Resistance in Participants of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study
Authors: Rees-Milton Karen J , Norman Patrick , Babiolakis Corinne , Hulbert Maggie , Turner Mandy E , Berger Claudie , Anastassiades Tassos P , Hopman Wilma M , Adams Michael A , Powley Wendy L , Holden Rachel M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Context
Statins have been linked to the development of diabetes and atherosclerotic plaque calcification in patients with cardiac disease.

Objective
To determine the association between statin use and statin characteristics and insulin resistance and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in participants of the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos).

Design
Observational study.

Setting
General community.

Participants
Nondiabetic participants of the Kingston CaMos site

Intervention
Insulin resistance and AAC in statin users and nonstatin users were compared with and without the inclusion of a propensity score (PS) to be on a statin. The covariates of hypertension, sex, body mass index, smoking, kidney stones, and age that were included in the PS were selected based on clinical judgment confirmed by the statistical analysis of a difference between statin users and nonstatin users.

Main Outcome Measures
Insulin resistance measured by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and AAC assessed on lateral spine radiographs using the Framingham methodology.

Results
Using a general linear model, statin use was associated with higher levels of HOMA-IR after stratified PS adjustment (β = 1.52, [1.18–1.95], P &lt; 0.01). Hydrophilic statin users (n = 9) and lipophilic statins users (n = 30) had higher HOMA-IR compared to nonstatin users (n = 125) ([β = 2.29, (1.43–3.68), P &lt; 0.001] and [β = 1.36, (1.04–1.78), P &lt; 0.05]), respectively, in general linear models after stratified PS adjustment. Statin use was associated with AAC without stratifying by PS in the Wilcoxon test, but was no longer significant when stratified by PS.

Conclusions
Statins, widely prescribed drugs to lower cholesterol, may have unintended consequences related to glucose homeostasis that could be relevant in healthy aging.
Feminist Historical Writing in Postrevolutionary Iran
Authors: Ghandehari Alborz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article argues that Mahmoud Dowlatabadi’s Missing Soluch and Parinoush Saniee’s My Share are landmark works of feminist historical writing in Iran that disrupt official narratives in the country regarding the revolutionary project. Despite the different positions Dowlatabadi and Saniee occupy in the Persian literary field, both Missing Soluch and My Share reflect the ethos of the 1979 Revolution in some way, one its euphoric beginning and the other its complicated aftermath. The article argues that both novelists pursue an innovative genre of historical writing by contesting official historical-masculinist narratives of their time. Missing Soluch offers readers a working-class feminist politics on the eve of revolutionary upheaval. My Share constructs a feminist politics critical of the postrevolutionary nation’s betrayal of Iranian women’s liberation despite women’s critical participation in the 1979 Revolution. Dowlatabadi anticipates the tensions between gender politics and the postrevolutionary nation, while Saniee makes that tension explicit as part of a feminist critique of historical erasure.
Simin Daneshvar and Shahrnush Parsipur in Translation
Authors: Beigi Leila Sadegh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractContemporary Iranian women writers contribute to the Iranian literary tradition by writing about women’s roles during the political upheavals leading up to and after the 1979 Revolution. In Simin Daneshvar’s Savushun and Shahrnush Parsipur’s Women without Men, the authors meticulously employ colloquial sexist diction to expose the connection between sexism and violence against women. The portrayal of such violence relies on language that illustrates the authors’ concerns and their commentary on the status of women. In this situation, literary criticism of the novels demands an approach that discusses feminism, language, and translation as interrelated. This article analyzes issues introduced in the translation of Savushun and Women without Men where translation choices have an impact on important elements of the original novels. By revealing how translation can minimize important culturally bound elements of Daneshvar’s and Parsipur’s feminist awareness and agency, it provides an example with relevance for critical translation studies.
Quantum erasing of laser emission in N2+
Authors: Danylo Rostyslav , Lambert Guillaume , Liu Yi , Tikhonchuk Vladimir , Houard Aurélien , Mysyrowicz André 
Published: July 2020

Cavity-free lasing of

N

2
+

induced by a femtosecond laser pulse at 800 nm is nearly totally suppressed by a delayed twin control pulse. We explain this surprising effect within the V-scheme of lasing without population inversion. A fast transfer of population between nitrogen ionic states

X

2

Σ
g
+

and

A

2

Π
u

, induced by the second pulse, terminates the conditions for amplification in the system. The appearance of short lasing bursts at delays corresponding to revivals of rotational wave packets is explained along the same lines.
Label-free lipid contrast imaging using non-contact near-infrared photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy
Authors: Kedarisetti Pradyumna , Haven Nathaniel J. M. , Restall Brendon S. , Martell Matthew T. , Zemp Roger J. 
Published: July 2020

Histopathology of lipid-rich tissues is often a difficult endeavor, owing to the limited tissue processing workflows that can appropriately preserve tissue while keeping fatty deposits intact. Here, we present the first usage of near-infrared (NIR) photoacoustic remote sensing (PARS) to achieve imaging contrast from lipids without the need for exogenous stains or labels. In our system, the facile production of 1225 nm excitation pulses is achieved by the stimulated Raman scattering of a 1064 nm source propagating through an optical fiber. PARS-based detection is achieved by monitoring the change in the scattering profile of a co-aligned 1550 nm continuous-wave interrogation beam in response to absorption of the 1225 nm light by lipids. Our non-contact, reflection-mode approach can achieve a FWHM resolution of up to 0.96 µm and signal-to-noise ratios as high as 45 dB from carbon fibers and 9.7 dB from a lipid phantom. NIR-PARS offers a promising approach to image lipid-rich samples with a simplified workflow.
Classroom-Based Mindfulness Training Reduces Anxiety in Adolescents: Acceptability and Effectiveness of a Cluster-Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Johnstone Jeanette M. , Ribbers Amanda , Jenkins David , Atchley Rachel , Gustafsson Hanna , Nigg Joel T. , Wahbeh Helané , Oken Barry 
Published: July 2020

Objective: Many high school students experience a high degree of anxiety and perceived stress. This study examined whether a classroom-based mindfulness program or a wellness program were acceptable and effective as anxiety and stress reduction interventions based on students’ self-reports.
Design, setting, and participants: Thirteen health education classes (n=285 students, aged 14–16 years) were randomized by classroom to one of three conditions: mindfulness, wellness, or usual health class only (passive control/waitlist), for 8 weeks.
Outcomes: Pre- and post-intervention scores compared self-reported measures of depression, anxiety and stress.
Results: Complete data were available from nine classes (n=202 students). Post-intervention anxiety scores were reduced in students who received the mindfulness intervention compared to those who received only their usual health class (β=−0.07, SE=0.03, P≤0.001; 95% CI=−0.12, −0.02). No significant between group differences were found for depression or stress (P>0.4). Students’ satisfaction with the mindfulness intervention they received withstood baseline credibility and expectancy effects: r=0.21, n=67, P=0.17 for credibility; r=−0.001, n=67, P=0.99 for expectancy. However, students’ satisfaction with the wellness intervention they received was positively correlated with their pre-intervention expectations, r=0.42, n=47, P<0.001. Fifty-two percent of the 68 students assigned to mindfulness (n=35) used the iPad app for mindfulness home practice at least once; of those, 10% used it 10 or more times.
Conclusion: Eight weeks of classroom-based mindfulness, with limited home practice, reduced self-reported anxiety compared to usual health class, and withstood baseline expectancy effects in this group of high school students, a majority who come from high income families.
Clinical implications: School- or community-based mindfulness may be an appropriate recommendation for adolescents who experience anxiety.
Tambores da Resistência
Authors: Figueiredo Lowande Walter Francisco , Bueno Camila Silva 
Published: July 2020

Argumentamos que a ideia de “patrimônio cultural” está diretamente atrelada à consolidação das sociedades modernas, funcionando como um dispositivo fundamental para a cisão ontológica entre humanidade e natureza que caracteriza a modernidade. Considerando que esta cosmovisão nos conduziu à catastrófica época geológica do Antropoceno, propomos a adoção de um dispositivo substituto, o “patrimônio cosmológico”, que nos permita aprender com visões de mundo e experiências do tempo extramodernas sobre como compor coletivos de humanos e não-humanos a fim de resistirmos ao caráter destrutivo da modernidade. Por fim, descrevemos algumas das práticas do grupo percussivo Maracatu Muiraquitã, da cidade de Alfenas, MG, com o objetivo de demonstrar como é possível construir aprendizados significativos, por meio da observação experimental de composições cosmopolíticas extramodernas, que nos permitam construir futuros alternativos à reprodução do sistema produtivo moderno/ocidental/capitalista.
Palavras-chave: Patrimônio cosmológico. Maracatu de Baque Virado. Antropoceno.