bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile Traffic Warning Signs, Can It Be Applied?
Authors: Sodikin  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The mobile warning signs is the concept of placement of traffic signs board. The application of mobile warning signs is tested using two standards that consist of legibility distance and glance legibility. The procedure is begun by attaching a camera at the car observer to record the tested car installed with the mobile traffic warning sign. The result of observation will produce a documentation in a video file format. The video then comes into an editing process to trim the parts that point to the legibility distance and glance legibility. The trims of video are given to the respondents. This research uses a mobile phone equipped with Google Maps, iOnRoad Professional, Lollipop Screen Recording and VSDC Video Editor. The result confirms that the respondents’ standard of legibility is fulfilled by the requirement of mobile traffic warning signs which is designed (46x69) cm in board size, 5 cm in letter size and clearview font. This distance affirms the maximum legibility distance of 50 meters within 7 second and minimum legibility distance of 20 meters within any range of time interval. The glance legibility eventually will not affect significantly when the following car moves as the warning sign attached-car does.
Analysis of One-Way System Implementation with Contra-Flow Bus Lane in Supporting Sustainable Transportation Program
Authors: Yulianto B , Setiono  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Traffic development in the central business district area along the Brigjend Slamet Riyadi road, Surakarta City, Indonesia, is relatively dense and not in accordance with the development and changes in the environmental situation. This phenomenon creates congestion on several roads and intersections. Transport planning related to traffic management and engineering, and infrastructure needs to be carried out to solve urban transportation problems. Based on the Surakarta City Government’s vision related to sustainable transportation, the one-way system with contra-flow bus lane will be implemented along the Brigjend Slamet Riyadi road. With the existence of this system, it is hoped that public transport Batik Solo Trans as one solution of urban transportation problem can be more integrated, fast, safe, comfortable, reliable and efficient. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the implementation of one-way system with contra-flow bus lane to the traffic performance in the study area. The research methodology involves modelling and analysing the traffic performance, parking and potential public transport demand in the study area. The existence of one-way system with contra-flow bus lane has the potential to increase the use of public transportation and improve the performance of public transportation. In general, traffic performance decreases, therefore it is necessary to perform transportation demand management such as management parking.
The effects of fineness level of fly ash and accelerator on the setting time and the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar
Authors: Firdaus  , Rosidawani  , Yunus I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This experimental study is part of fly ash based geopolymer research development. The type F fly ash which is the quite abundant by-product materials from power plant burning coal in Tanjung Enim, South Sumatera was the background of this research. However, this kind of fly ash was being treated before it would be used. As known that the mechanical properties of the harden of cementitious material is affected by its fineness of the binder material. The beginning researches about this fly ash based geopolymer concluded that early harden process was being difficult. By this problem, in this research some of accelerator/fly ash ratios are used as the one of the variables. This study aimed to determine the contribution of the fineness level of the fly ash as well as the accelerator/flyash ratio to the setting time and its compressive strength of the geopolymer mortar. The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) as the activator and the accelerator with the 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% as the accelerator/fly ash ratios are used in this study. The 3 zones of the fineness level of flyash are being the other variable of the research. The results showed that the fineness level based on fall zone and the accelerator/flyash ratio affect the setting time and compressive strength significantly. The fineness level based on the fall zone increased the compressive strength and tended to produce the shorter setting time. While the higher accelerator/flyash ratio gives the higher compressive strength of geopolymer mortar. The initial setting time and final setting time ranged from 90 minutes to 225 minutes.
Study of determining the toll fare for the Yogyakarta-Solo corridor
Authors: Anas R , Sembiring I S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As part of the government policy related with the development of road infrastructure, the acceleration of the toll road investment is expected to be able to push the road network performance and the regional economy. One of the plans is the development of Yogyakarta-Solo toll road with the length of segment is ± 40,5 Km. The basic toll rate is set in the beginning during the concession time as one of the parameters of a toll road investment. Based on the design of particular toll road, this research is then done to determine the particular basic toll rate. The methods that may be used as approaching the determination of the particular rate, such as: Saving of Vehicle Operating Cost Method (saving of VOC), Willingness to Pay (WTP), and Ability to Pay (ATP). From the toll rate calculation results based on the saving VOC and ATP/WTP analysis result, with the assumptions for the toll road to begin operating in the year 2018, hence the proposed value of the Yogyakarta-Solo toll rate is Rp. 26.000 (+ Rp. 675/km).
Skid resistance of gap graded hot-mix asphalt with added crumb rubber
Authors: Ariyapijati R H , Hadiwardoyo S P , Sumabrata R J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Road surface condition is a critical factor that determines road safety. The paved surface of the road should have sufficient skid resistance to enable a vehicle passing over it to accelerate and stop/brake safely and comfortably. Gap graded hot-mix asphalt is generally used as a non-structural and an impermeable layer to protect the structural layers. The hot rolled sheet (HRS) asphalt mixture has larger cavities that require more asphalt compared to other asphalt pavement types. The addition of crumb rubber (CR) to the asphalt mixture was carried out using the dry mixture method, and the resulting mixture was added to the aggregate. This study utilizes gap graded asphalt pavements containing natural asphalt from a processed product called Asbuton Retona blend 55. CR was added to the asphalt mixture in proportions of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. This added material improves the performance of the asphalt mixture. The skid resistance of the paved surface layer studied herein used the British pendulum tester for pavement surface temperature variations of 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C, 40 °C, 45 °C, and 50 °C. Utilization of CR derived from used tire rubber powder provides the benefit of reusing waste materials that can help preserve the environment. The gap graded hot-mix asphalt with added CR and asphalt modified Asbuton Retona blend 55 has shown an improvement in the skid number. These results show that the hot-mix asphalt pavement with modified asphalt is more impermeable and provides better slip resistance.
Testing of Early Stage of BPPT-3MW Condensing Type Small Scale Geothermal Power Plant – Kamojang - Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Bambang Teguh , Suyanto  , Oktaufik MAM , Sutriyanto Himawan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Geothermal power plant (GPP) technology is one of the prospective renewable energy technologies and a priority in the development of national electricity today. The Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2018-2027 shows the plan to increase GPP capacity in the period of 4.583 GW, or 8% of all national power plants development, and 30% of all new & renewable energy-based power generation. Until 1st quarter 2018, the installed GPP capacity of 1.924 GW and all of them are imported technology. So efforts to develop national GPP technology are very strategic to support national energy independence in the future. AgencyfortheAssessmentandApplicationof Technology(BPPT) has developed and operated a 3 MW GPP of condensing type technology in Kamojang - Indonesia, which is the first prototype GPP manufactured by national company. The GPP design is based on KMJ-68 well data characteristics, owned by Pertamina Geothermal Energy, and steam turbine specifications designed in reverse engineering. The manufacturing process of the main components of the plant such as turbines, generators, condensers, etc. carried out by the national industry. In this paper it is discussed about the process of test operation in the early stage, starting from the preparation of SOP, conducting free load generator test, dummy load testing, and load testing. Until early 2018, the BPPT’s GPP has generated 15,572 kWh of electricity, with the highest load of 1.3 MW. During testing all process parameters, particularly vibrations, bearing temperatures and lubricants, all within safe limit. The thermal efficiency of the turbine-generator system reaches 13% for loads of about 1 MW.
An Application of Microcontroller for Flood Hazard Early Warning System to Create Friendly City
Authors: Bahri S , W Purwantiasning A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper is aimed to discuss the microcontroller that applied for flood hazard early warning system to create friendly city, particularly in Jakarta city, Indonesia. By using this system, the danger of flood hazard could be anticipated early. The tools and material of prototype system that have been used in this research are microcontroller Arduino-Uno, Probe Sensor, Atwin Quad-Band GSM/GPRS and mobile phone. The method of this research is design, installment and testing the tools. The probe sensor read the level of water at the surface of water tank and sent it to microcontroller. This information processed by microcontroller and divided it into three categories: Level-3 (the lower sensor refered to the normal condition we called as SIAGA 3), Level-2 (the middle sensor refered to the warning condition we called as SIAGA 2) and Level-1 (the upper sensor refered to danger/critical condition we called as SIAGA 1. This condition will be sent to mobile phone receiver via Atwin quad Band GSM/GPRS module. Based on the test, information of these three conditions received by the receiver with time delay 4-6 second. This time delay varying depended on the strange of GSM provider signal to send the information to a receiver.
Uplink Power Control Based on SINR for D2D Enabled in Cellular Communication Network
Authors: Susanto M , Abadi A , Herlinawati  , Trisanto A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a promising technology for achieving the vision of next generation of cellular communication network in which D2D communication is known as one of candidates for fifth generation (5G) cellular network technology. By enabling D2D communication, it allows any two user equipment (UE) to communicate directly without going through enhance Node B (eNB) in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) based cellular communication networks. However, with the presence of D2D-enabled UE (DUE) in the macrocell area of OFDMA based cellular network, the fundamental problem of interference arises due to radio resources sharing between conventional UE and DUE. This paper evaluates our two previous proposed power controls (namely, Power Control 1 (PC 1) and Power Control 2 (PC 2)) to reduce that interference effect in the uplink transmission of OFDMA based cellular network. The PC 1 and PC 2 methods were based on the estimated current Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) at the point of interest. Extensive simulation has been carried out to observe the effectiveness of the two power control methods compared to the system without power control. The collected performance parameters in the simulation is SINR and analyses its distribution. The simulation results show that both power control methods on the uplink transmissions outperform the system without power control.
The Use of Background Subtraction Method in Model Design of Traffic Light Timer Control System
Authors: Purwiyanti S , Farisi RP , Setyawan F A , Sulistyanti S R , Yuniati Y , Murdika U 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Traffic jam caused many problems, one of which, causing time wasting and increasing fuel consumption of user’s vehicle. One of the solutions offered to solve traffic jam is a control system named traffic light timer. It is a traffic management system in each spot of the road done by minimizing the waiting time of the rider during the jam. This research built traffic light timer controller model based on image processing by using Background Subtraction method. The object captured on the road will be processed using Background Subtraction method, the results then show the situation of the road as the parameters of quiet, medium, and heavy roads. The images are then forwarded to the traffic light timer control system to be processed using the hardware and software used in the research. The results show that the Traffic light timer control system is able to classify the heaviness of vehicles queue, to control the timer, and the lights of the traffic light automatically based on the queue of the vehicles with time processing around 2 seconds.
Dynamic Voltage Restorer for the Voltage Drop Compensation in Long Rural Distribution Feeder Application
Authors: Khairudin  , Hakim L , Saputra A A S , Alhasewi A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ideally, a distribution feeder should be able to assure the voltage level at the end of feeder not more or less than five percent of its nominal value as regulated in the Grid Code. However, in such circumstance where the feeder has to serve the load through a very long line with randomly load scattering characteristic, the level of voltage could be far below its allowable lower level. In some cases, the use of capacitor bank fails to solve this problem. In this paper a new breakthrough by utilizing an Intelligent Power Electronic Device to overcome voltage drop is proposed. A Voltage Restorer is introduced to install in a 20 kV distribution line of PLN Lampung to enhance its voltage profile. The simulations showed the range of voltage level is within the range of 95% – 105% of the nominal value.
Study of Battery Performance Analysis with Regenerative Braking Methods using SIMULINK
Authors: Garniwa I , Orlando G , Noorfatima N , Sudiarto B , Dipantara B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find the most eligible battery capacity for ultra-compact electric vehicle. Lithium-Ion batteries configuration is designed and examined for the research. Physical characteristics of the vehicle and motor assign battery capacity. The battery must be able to attain certain length of track and to utilize regenerative braking method. Designed battery will be examined by adjusting loading variations and regenerative braking method with specified track length. The performance of the battery is analyzed with and without controller used during certain experiments. The obtained results emphasize the designed battery performances throughout variations of loading and regenerative braking method applied. During performance test in the field, the battery shows that the average discharge current is inversed to the average voltage during constant and varied velocity tests. Moreover, the battery velocity rises when the regenerative braking method is applied. The throughout experiment will be compared and analyzed using SIMULINK.
Artificial Neural Network Applications Use Measurements of Electrical Quantities to Estimate Electric Power
Authors: Despa D , Setyawan F X A , Nama G F , Delano J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Prototype measurement of electrical quantities had been built and applied to the H building in faculty of engineering, University of Lampung. Electrical quantities Measurement of electrical quantities had been saved on TIK’s server. However, it had not been used for estimation. Electric power is the electricity that tends to change following the electric load. So, electric power can be predictable or estimation based on measurement data in the past. The method of backpropogation artificial neural networks is a method that have a good approach to nonlinearity. The results of testing the estimation of electric power consumption had been done in the distribution panel of Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering UNILA indicated that this method can be used to estimate electric power consumption for one month ahead with an accuracy of ±0,884%. Thus this research can be applied to real-time estimation processes that can be accessed and displayed by web in real-time.
Improvements in filler dispersion and tensile properties of natural rubber vulcanizates applying lauryl alcohol
Authors: Surya I , Ginting M , Purwandari V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Lauryl alcohol as one type of fatty alcohols was used to raise degree of silica filler dispersion and also tensile properties of silica filled natural rubber (NR) applying a system of semi efficient vulcanization. The NR was reinforced by silica filler with a settled loading at thirty phr. The lauryl alcohol was incorporated into the silica filled NR at one, two, three and four phr. The results showed that lauryl alcohol expanded the time to scorch but reduced time to cure and minimum torque. Lauryl alcohol also reduced tensile modulus but expanded elongation at break. The other properties such as crosslink density, torque difference and tensile strength were expanded up to three phr of lauryl alcohol. The swelling properties confirmed that three phr of lauryl alcohol was an optimum concentration where silica filled NR vulcanizate with three phr of lauryl alcohol showed the highest tensile strength. As a plasticizing agent, lauryl alcohol expanded tensile strength by increasing the degree of silica dispersion.
Synthesis and Characterization of Activated Sludge/Zeolite Adsorbent for Lampung Textile Industry Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Darmansyah  , Ginting S B , Sanjaya A , Soraya F , Supriyadi D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The present study reports a green synthesis method for ordered adsorbent material for Lampung Ethnic Textile Industry (LETI) wastewater treatment from activated sludge rubber industry and clipnotilolite (natural zeolite). LETI wastewater is containing about 70 mg/L of Chromium; 63,600 mg/L of COD and 36, 500 mg/L of BOD. It has also high colour intensity and complex pollutants. Adsorbent can reduce Chromium heavy metal significantly. Activated sludge/zeolite adsorbent was calcined by furnace at 600°C for 15 min. It was activated by 10% wt/wt of NaOH and 1 molar of HCl. The material properties of calcined activated sludge/zeolite adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, BET and SEM. Results showed that structure interaction processes occured between activated sludge and zeolite clipnotilolite. The BET analysis results showed that surface area, pore volume and average pore size respectively are 932 m2/gram; 0.6 cc/gram; and 258.87 Å.
Production of single cell protein by a local Trichoderma reesei in solid state fermentation: effects of process variables
Authors: Said S D , Zaki M , Novita E , Asnawi T M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Single cell protein (SCP) has attracted a lot of attention as an alternative protein source to support the increasing demand and to reduce the dependence on fishmeal in the animal feed and poultry industries. The SCP can be produced using lignocellulosic materials which are abundantly generated continuously as agricultural residues by Trichoderma reesei in solid state fermentation system. In this work, we evaluated the effects of various carbon sources (rice straw, corncob, bagasse, and coffee husk) which were combined with various nitrogen sources (Urea, Ammonium Sulphate, NPK) on SCP production. The rice straw and coffee husk gave a higher SCP yield when combined with urea or NPK at C/N ratio of 20:1 and 30:1. The solid substrate which contained rice straw or coffee husk gave a higher SCP yield when combined with urea or NPK at C/N ratio of 20:1 and 30:1. The initial moisture content of the solid substrate gave a significant contribution to the SCP yield, the highest yield of SCP developed in the substrate with the initial water content of 75%. On the other hand, the ratio of inoculum size to the solid substrate of 1:1 (w/v) gave the maximum SCP yield.
Inconsistencies when applying novel metrics for emissions accounting to the Paris agreement
Authors: Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Nauels Alexander , Schaeffer Michiel , Hare William , Rogelj Joeri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Addressing emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases (GHGs) is an integral part of efficient climate change mitigation and therefore an essential part of climate policy. Metrics are used to aggregate and compare emissions of short- and long-lived GHGs and need to account for the difference in both magnitude and persistence of their climatic effects. Different metrics describe different approaches and perspectives, and hence yield different numerical estimates for aggregated GHG emissions. When interpreting GHG emission reduction targets, being mindful of the underlying metrical choices thus proves to be essential. Here we present the impact a recently proposed GHG metric related to the concept of CO2 forcing-equivalent emissions (called GWP*) would have on the internal consistency and environmental integrity of the Paris Agreement. We show that interpreting the Paris Agreement goals in a metric like GWP* that is significantly different from the standard metric used in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report can lead to profound inconsistencies in the mitigation architecture of the Agreement. It could even undermine the integrity of the Agreement’s mitigation target altogether by failing to deliver net-zero CO2 emissions and therewith failing to ensure warming is halted. Our results indicate that great care needs to be taken when applying new concepts that appear scientifically favourable to a pre-existing climate policy context.