bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration, Conservation, and Cultivation of Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers
Authors: Shankar Rama , Neyaz Shazia , Anku Gyati , Rungsung Wngsu 
Published: September 2020

Aims and objectives:

Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers belonging to family Menispermaceae and is a highly demanded medicinal plant used in the name of Rajpatha for treatment of fever, malaria, jaundice, and various stomach disorders by the local traditional healers and pharmaceuticals for the preparation of medicines for related diseases. It is widely distributed in Northeastern India, i.e., Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura. Because of acute pressure on wild sources due to rapid exploitation and changing forest areas into agriculture land and various other developmental activities in a very short time, there will be the shortage of drug in the wild and needs to be cultivated this plants along with several others. Accordingly, a study has been carried out with the aim to develop easily accessible agrotechnique for undertaking cultivation by the farmers in an easily accessible manner.

Outcome of the study:
This plant is a highly demanded medicinal plant distributed in North East India. Its cultivation is through tuberous root. Seeds also act as a tool for giving rise to new plants initiating from the mature viable seeds fallen on the ground. Seed germination is more accessible for this plant. The authors has developed various cultivation parameters in Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh) through seed germination and roots.

Conclusion:
Seeking out the practices of traditional use of tuberous root of S. japonica (Thunb.) Miers, there is an urgent need of cultivation. Accordingly, easily acceptable techniques for its cultivation is described in the present communication and cultivation can be made by establishing plant nurseries.
Medico-ethnobotanical Claims from Sunaikuchi and Khulahat Reserve Forests in Morigaon District of Assam
Authors: Bora Devanjal , Ekta  , Venkateshwarlu Bandi , Rath Chinmay , Mangal Anupam Kumar 
Published: September 2020

Aim and objective:
The present communication deals with report of medico-ethnobotanical claims and folklore medicinal plants documented during survey made to areas in and around Sunaikuchi and Khulahat Reserve Forests in Morigaon district of Assam.

Materials and methods:
Field surveys were conducted in the study area where folk healers were interviewed for documentation of medicoethnobotanical information. The reported folklore plant specimens were collected, identified, and preserved.

Results:
The reported folk claims involve 10 medico-ethnobotanical claims for 9 disease conditions involving 12 medicinal plants under 12 genera represented by 11 families. Indications of respective species in traditional system of medicine have been reviewed against documented folklore medicinal plants for further validation of folk claims.

Conclusion:
Folklore plants are suggested for further validation and experimental screening.

Significance:
Corroboration with indications of traditional system of medicine will validate the use of the folklore plant.
Basis for the Use of Substitutes for Medicinal Flora and Harmonization of Rational Use
Authors: Srikanth Narayanam , Mahajon Bidhan , Chincholikar Mukesh , Narayanan Rakesh , Venigalla Sridevi , Sharma Bhagwan S , Khanduri Shruti , Ahmad Ashfaque 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Non-availability, indefinite identity, and adulteration of medicinal plants are key worrying areas in herbal or natural product-based industry/market. In this regard, the approach of ancient physicians does not seem to be hypothetical or haphazard. They had applied their mind and laid down certain principles and also evolved a methodology to identify and adopt substitutes. Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi (Rhazes) (865–925 AD), a leading physician of Unani System of Medicine and Persian scholar of the early Islamic world compiled an exclusive monograph entitled as “Maqala Fi Abdal al-Adwiya al-Mustamala Fi al-Tibb wa al-Ilaj” popularly known as “Kitab al-Abdal” which is the first and foremost unique book on substitutes of Drugs in Unani Medicine.

Aims and objective:
This review aims to explore the rationality for substitution of the drugs mentioned by Rhazes in view of fundamental principles of Ayurveda.

Materials and methods:
All the 223 substitutes of 122 original drugs mentioned in the transcript of “Kitab al-Abdal” have been thoroughly scrutinized and categorized accordingly as per the adopted fixed criteria (i.e., Category I: Single substitutes for an original drug, Category II: Double substitutes for an original drug, Category III: Triple substitutes for an original drug, Category IV: Tetrad/four substitutes for an original drug). Any drugs or substitutes, which are not available in Ayurveda texts, were excluded from the analysis.

Result and discussion:
Analyzed data highlight that about 76% substitutions are having similarity with fundamentals of Ayurveda (Rasapañcaka) and Unani Medicine (Yaksaniyat-e-mizaj). Although the maximum substitutes mentioned in “Kitab al-Abdal” are not practiced or directly mentioned in the texts of Ayurveda as a source of substitute/alternative source of the particular original drug, but the rationales behind the substitution are often similar with the fundamental concept of Ayurveda (Rasapañcaka). The review may serve as ready references for the researcher, physicians, as well as industry of both Ayurveda and Unani system of medicine in order to find the appropriate substitution of a rare raw drug. This may also confess the scope of multidimensional research for harmonization of unique substitution and their inclusion in the National Pharmacopeia.
Ethnomedicinal Claims on Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg.
Authors: Buha Mital M , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: September 2020

Aim and objective:

Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell. Arg., family Euphorbiaceae, one of the medicinal plants highlighted for its uses in almost all classical texts of Ayurveda, is also traditionally used by local traditional healers for various disease conditions. The present review aims to collect all available ethnomedicinal information and research updates on M. philippensis.

Material and methods:
Reported ethnomedicinal uses of M. philippensis from available 20 books related to medicinal plants and 77 research articles on ethnomedicine, published till February 2020, were reviewed. Name and place of the reporting tribe, vernacular names, parts used along with their therapeutic indications, with specific method of administration, if any, through either external (E) or internal (I), as well as economic use were also noted.

Results and discussion:

Mallotus philippensis has been reported for its therapeutic uses in 18 states of India and other 3 countries. Its fruit, seed, plant part unspecified, leaf, stem bark root, flower, branches, whole plant, and young shoot are used in 67 different disease conditions, either through internal administration or external applications. Among these, maximum are indicated in the treatment of worms, skin disease, wounds, burn, etc. Its fruits have maximum applications in 48 disease conditions, followed by seed in 27, plant part unspecified in 27, leaf in 20, stem bark in 17, root in 11, flower in 9, branches in 1, whole plant in 1 and young shoot in 1 disease conditions. Its different parts are also used in economically as a dye, pesticide, religious rites, etc. Pharmacological studies report its anthelmintic, antibacterial, anticancer, purgative, and wound healing activities.

Conclusion:
Mallotus philippensis is having multifaceted ethnomedicinal uses. Much of the information are not noted in the classical texts of Ayurveda. Its use in worms, skin disease, constipation, rheumatism and wounds should be evaluated through pharmacological and clinical studies to establish the ethnic claims.
Management of Vicharchika (Eczema) with Rakta Karavira Taila
Authors: Patel Vivek K , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Many drugs are available for the management of eczema but a quick and effective management is still the need of the time. Root bark of Karavira (Nerium oleander L.), a semi-poisonous drug of Ayurveda has been reported for its efficacy in skin disorder. Ayurveda considers Vicharchika (eczema) disease condition, under Kshudrakustha (group of minor skin diseases).

Aim:
To study and evaluate the efficacy of Rakta Karavira Taila in the treatment of Vicharchika (eczema) through an open-label clinical trial.

Materials and methods:
An open-label clinical trial was performed to assess the effect of Rakta Karavira Taila in Vicharchika. The trial drug was prepared by mixing root bark of red variety of Nerium oleander L. and Sarshapa Taila (mustard oil) following the recommended method of oil preparation in Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI). Total 30 patients, diagnosed as Vicharchika, were treated by applying required amount of Rakta Karavira Taila externally twice a day for 28 consecutive days. Response to the treatment in the recruited patients was recorded on a weekly basis and therapeutic effect was evaluated through symptomatic relief.

Results:

Rakta Karavira Taila, is an oil preparation, which is effective against all the major clinical symptoms of Vicharchika like Kandu (itching), Pidika (papular eruptions), Vaivarnyata (discoloration), Daha (burning sensation), Vedana (pain), and Rukshata (dryness). The study yields statistically significant results in symptoms like Kandu (itching) (p < 0.001), Vaivarnyata (discoloration) (p < 0.001), and Rukshata (dryness) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Rakta Karavira Taila has proven to be effective in reducing the symptoms of Vicharchika, when applied for a period of 28 days.
Efficacy and Safety of Ayurveda Interventions as Stand-alone or Adjuvant Therapy in Management of COVID-19
Authors: Ahmad Azeem , Rai Amit K , Negandhi Himanshu , Gundeti Manohar S , Rao BCS , Srikanth Narayanam 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. World Health Organization (WHO) labeled it as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Currently, there is no approved vaccine or treatment for the prevention and management of COVID- 19, although multiple pharmacological/nonpharmacological options are being explored. Several clinical trials are going on in conventional as well as traditional medicines to find out an effective and safe treatment regimen.

Aim:
To study and identify Ayurveda interventions for the management of patients with COVID-19 as a stand-alone or an adjuvant therapy in clinical practice.

Materials and methods:
A systematic review protocol was developed based on the PRISMA-P statement. Articles for review will be selected from AYUSH Research Portal's “National Repository on AYUSH COVID-19 Clinical and Other R&D Initiatives” and other electronic databases, i.e., PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, DHARA, IndMED, Google Scholar, etc. Readily accessible peer-reviewed full articles published in English or Hindi will be included. There will be no restrictions on the type of study or study setting or date of publication. Data from the included studies will be extracted independently by two review authors on study characteristics (i.e., authorship, publication-related information, methodology, participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and results) in a prestructured format for assessment of study quality and data analysis. The risk of bias in included studies will be assessed through suitable existing tools. We will conduct meta-analysis only when the included studies will be sufficiently homogeneous in terms of design, study population characteristics, interventions, and outcome measures. If it is not possible to conduct a meta-analysis, we will summarize the results of included studies as systematic qualitative synthesis.

Conclusion:
The results generated from this review will be helpful in identifying the status of evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of Ayurvedic interventions for the management of COVID-19. It will also provide ideas for future research to generate good-quality evidence regarding the efficacy of Ayurvedic interventions in COVID-19.

Study registration:
Registered with PROSPERO - [CRD42020206588].
Translation as Defamiliarization: Translating Tawada Yōko’s Wordplay
Authors: Tobias Shani 
Published: September 2020

Keijirō Suga coins the term “translational poetics” to describe the essential similarities between literary translation and creative writing, since both perform a linguistic revolution or transformation. Japanese-German writer, Yoko Tawada, exhibits a literary style that exemplifies this transformative and interactive potential of language, deriving from her self-described existence in the “poetic ravine” or border zone between languages and identities. Many of the characters in her works are also travelers and lack a sense of national identity or most-comfortable language. Tawada forces her readers to question their belief in the naturalness of their native language through a defamiliarizing style that often involves wordplay, such as humorously drawing attention to the literal meaning behind commonly-used idioms and proverbs. This paper focusses on an excerpt from Yoko Tawada’s 2002 work Yōgisha no yakōressha, “To Zagreb”, and its English translation by Margaret Mitsutani, considering how the defamiliarizing effects of Tawada’s wordplay can be conveyed to an English audience. While double meanings and puns are inevitably achieved differently in the two languages, various translation strategies may create similar effects, such as making Japanese and English creatively interact, or exploiting the inherent possibilities of wordplay in English.
The Shape of Love and Loss: Izumi Shikibu’s “Gojusshu waka” (五十首和歌, Fifty-Poem Sequence)
Authors: Bundy Roselee 
Published: September 2020

This paper will examine the lesser known poetry of Izumi Shikibu (b. 976?). As a poet, she had an interest in composing (or at times assembling) sets of poems in novel formats, and through a number of them, summoning up an image of herself as a solitary woman, bereft of the care of family or a lover. This paper proposes to examine two of these sequences of novel format: “Jūdai jusshu” (Ten Poems on Ten Topics) and “Gojusshu waka ” (Fifty-Poem Sequence).“Jūdai jusshu,” a less ambitious forerunner of “Gojusshu waka,” presents in ten poems on ten self-assigned topics the feelings of a woman dwelling alone without a lover, who fashions an image of herself within the poetic narrative of love, in particular that of the “waiting woman.” I will argue that these two sequences show the integration of two forms of poetic production: the composition of novel formats of poems that became popular from the mid-tenth into the eleventh century and women’s tenarai, the solitary composition or copying of verses to express or explore their feelings, especially in times of emotional distress.
Transferencia de autoridad en cibermedios mediante hiperenlaces: el efecto de la endogamia en internet de los grupos mediáticos españoles
Authors: Lopezosa Carlos , Pérez-Montoro Mario , Gonzalo-Penela Carlos , Rovira Cristòfol 
Published: September 2020

Existe una gran competencia entre los grupos mediáticos para la captación de audiencias en internet. Esto está motivando la aplicación de estrategias de posicionamiento en buscadores como un intento de ventaja competitiva. Además, los grupos mediáticos cuentan, por lo general, con una gran cantidad de sitios web cada uno de ellos con miles de páginas, con los que puede tener un control absoluto sobre el SEO Off Page, mediante el autoenlazado entre sus diferentes cabeceras, desvirtuando así el análisis de enlaces, que deja de ser una fuente de autoridad fiable en el ámbito del periodismo. Este trabajo caracteriza el autoenlazado de las webs de los grupos mediáticos e identifica su uso en los principales grupos mediáticos españoles. Gracias a este análisis transversal se ha podido definir esta práctica como enlazado endogámico, se ha elaborado un ranking con el porcentaje de endogamia de cada uno de los grupos analizados y se ha podido demostrar que la determinación de la autoridad web mediante el análisis de hiperenlaces no es fiable en el ámbito de la información de prensa gracias a que se ha analizado la evaluación de esta práctica durante un año
Milton's Genderqueer Christianity
Authors: Sanchez Melissa E. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Queer theory has never been an explicit strand of Milton studies, nor has Milton been central to early modern queer studies, in part because he resists the secularization that has been assumed to be a necessary condition of queerness. I propose that Milton's value for early modern queer and trans theory in fact arises from his unique authority and canonical status as a radical Christian poet. We can trace in his writing the ambiguities and exclusions that inevitably permeate queer and trans scholarship as a contested and heterogeneous field. It is because of his Christian convictions, not in spite of them, that Milton allows us to understand religious thought as producing the unstable and promiscuous genders and desires that modern evangelical politics would prohibit.
Approaches to Reduce the Familial and Community Burdens of NMDs in Qatar
Authors: Dr. Mohamed Bin Hamad Al-Thani Sheikh 
Published: September 2020

Congenital muscular dystrophies and neuromuscular disorders are characterized by their heterogeneity
in clinical presentations. A growing list of underlying causative genes, and different patterns of
inheritance, mainly autosomal recessive, lead to the requirement of complex care, particularly in the
congenital group.Significant progress has been made in the diagnostic procedures, tools for prevention, guidelines of
health care as well as in therapeutic modalities curing congenital forms of muscular dystrophies.
This discussion is aimed at achieving better understanding of the community priorities with regard to
the so-called «rare genetic diseases». It further contributes towards forward steps in care and cure of
Neurogenetic disorders as part of Qatar National Vision plans for 2030.
Experimental Investigations of Solatube Daylighting System for Smart City Applications in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzaed Ali , Balabel Ashraf 
Published: September 2020

The smart cities programme is at the core of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. The development of smart cities is based on adapting innovative technologies and solutions to meet local needs and possibilities in order to reduce both cost and energy resources consumption. In smart cities, more than 40% of electrical energy consumption should be saved. One of the most important electrical energy saving techniques is the application of the Solatube daylight system in sustainable buildings. In the present paper, an experimental investigation into the Solatube daylight system is performed according to the local climate conditions of Taif city, Saudi Arabia. A test chamber was designed with dimensions of 1 m3, made from medium density fibreboard. The model of Solatube used in the present research is Solatube 160 DS, 10” in diameter and with a length up to 30’. The HS1010-LCD digital light meter is used for measuring light intensity. A comparison of illumination obtained from the Solatube with that obtained from artificial bulbs of standard ratings was made at two different vertical distances inside the test chamber (z = 0.8 m, z = 1.0 m). The results showed that the Solatube, at both vertical distances, gave a better illuminance than standard artificial bulbs. Moreover, the results indicated that the Solatube daylight system converted about 60% of sunlight to passive light inside the test chamber. Generally, it is concluded that the Solatube daylight system can be efficiently used in residential, commercial, or industrial buildings in smart cities according to the available solar characteristics.
The Relationship of Adulthood Chronic Disease and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Implications Regarding Prevention and Promotion in International Health
Authors: Holter Jordan , Marchionni Christine , Bhatt Bankim 
Published: September 2020

Several studies, including the innovative 1998 ACE Study by CDC-Kaiser Permanente, have assessed the association among adulthood chronic disease and the prevalence of maladaptive, health-harming behaviors including: excessive alcohol use, tobacco use, physical inactivity, psychiatric illness including suicidal ideation or attempts, promiscuous sexual behavior (>50 sex partners), history of STI/STD and severe obesity (obesity (BMI > 35 kg/m2)), subsequent to an individual’s exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Individuals that have encountered numerous instances of ACEs are almost twice as likely to die before the age of 75, demonstrating a dose-dependent relationship between the instances of ACEs and an increased morbidity/mortality in regard to chronic disease. This excerpt examines the contribution of ACEs to chronic disease and the consequential maladaptive behavior to said adversity, the consequential physiologic and biomolecular changes explained by the Biological Embedding of Childhood Adversity Model in addition to the implications of recounted ACEs on international health security in regard to concepts like conflict, displacement and food insecurity. The apparent association among adulthood chronic disease and ACEs demand changes that promote preventative processes as a means to address the implications these interconnections have on international health.
Frequency of Brucellosis and Hepatitis B Virus Seropositivity in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: EKİNCİ Omer , EBİNC Senar , DOGAN Ali , DEMİR Cengiz 
Published: September 2020

Objective: Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) show defective cellular and humoral immune responses. Although such immune failure is known to be associated with an increase in the frequency of particularly gram–positive and –negative bacterial infections, data on the increase in the frequency of zoonoses such as brucellosis and viral infections such as the hepatitis B virus (HBV) are inconclusive. This study aims to investigate the frequency of brucellosis and HBV seropositivity in patients diagnosed with CLL.
Methods: Patients followed–up for CLL between 2005 and 2019 were evaluated. Results of patients who were tested for HBsAg and anti–HBs serology using the ELISA assay and for brucellosis using the serum agglutination (Wright) test were recorded. Demographic data and laboratory results of all patients included in the study were evaluated.
Results: This study included 188 patients diagnosed with CLL, of whom 56 (29.8%) were female and 132 (70.2%) were male. Median age was 62 (33–92) years. Complete blood count parameters at diagnosis were as follows: median leukocyte count, 54.4×109/L (5.1–312.3×109/L); median lymphocyte count, 42.3×109/L (2.8–296.8×109/L); median platelet count, 148×109/L (86.3–342.3×109/L); median hemoglobin level, 13.4 g/dL (8.5-16.9 g/dL). HBsAg and anti–HBs were tested in 142 patients. A total of 16 (11.27%) patients were HBsAg–positive; with 5 (3.52%) positive cases in females and 11 (7.75%) in males. A total of 105 (73.95%) patients were anti–HBs–positive; with 32 (22.54%) positive cases in females and 73 (51.41%) in males. Wright agglutination test was performed on 82 patients. A total of 4 (4.88%) patients reacted positively to the Wright test; with 3 (3.66%) positive cases in females and 1 (1.22%) in males.
Conclusion: Compared with the epidemiological studies conducted in the same region; the rate of positive reactions to the Wright agglutination test was consistent with the literature data; however, a higher rate of HBsAg positivity was determined. This may be linked to the increase in the risk of HBV transmission due to the immune defect caused by CLL or the immunosuppressive picture induced by the medication used in the treatment, or viral reactivation.