bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An SDG-based framework for assessing urban stormwater management systems
Authors: Sørup Hjalte Jomo Danielsen , Fryd Ole , Liu Li , Arnbjerg-Nielsen Karsten , Jensen Marina Bergen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nature-Based Solutions for stormwater management on top of handling water should, ideally, deliver a multitude of other services to society; they are often seen as a lever for transforming cities in a more livable, green, resilient and sustainable direction, and these measures should be acknowledged as part of the services delivered. In this study we assess the services that Nature-Based Solutions for stormwater management deliver with reference to targets and indicators from the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals; we also develop local, project level indicators that inform and are informed by the more broad Sustainable Development Goals indicators. We demonstrate through Danish cases ranging from lot to city scale that the proposed framework can help inform decision-makers about the sustainability of Nature-Based Solutions for stormwater management. Despite difficulties in matching local indicators to SDG indicators, this first attempt at an assessment framework provides insight on which services of a project help to work towards the Sustainable Development Goals and, if used in the planning phase, could facilitate the design of projects that work focused and informed towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.
Analysis and prediction of eutrophication for advanced warning of the water quality concerns in Gaoyou Lake
Authors: Zhang Lei , Cheng Yu , Niu Yulong , Jiang Jiahu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper used the trophic level index (TLI) method combined with the relevant data from 2014 to 2017 to evaluate the water quality of Gaoyou Lake. Meanwhile, based on principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) models on chlorophyll a (Chla), this research developed predictions and an early warning scheme for eutrophication in Gaoyou Lake. The results showed the following: 1. The TLI of Gaoyou Lake showed a significant increasing trend, and the lake was in the state of light to moderate eutrophy. 2. According to the PCA eigenvalues that were greater than 1, principal components (PCs) with a cumulative contribution rate of 76.04% were obtained, and a linear model was further obtained: CChla = 6.146 + 1.209 (Score 1) + 0.583 (Score 2) + 1.095 (Score 3). 3. The credibility of the early warning system reached 75%, which met the requirements of this study. This study provides a scientific basis for the control of eutrophication and improvement of water quality.
Structure-Bioactivity Relationship Study of Xanthene Derivatives: A Brief Review
Authors: Ghahsare Aref G. , Nazifi Zahra S. , Nazifi Seyed M.R. 
Published: October 2019

:
Over the last decades, several heterocyclic derivatives compounds have been synthesized or
extracted from natural resources and have been tested for their pharmaceutical activities. Xanthene is one of
these heterocyclic derivatives. These compounds consist of an oxygen-containing central heterocyclic structure
with two more cyclic structures fused to the central cyclic compound. It has been shown that xanthane
derivatives are bioactive compounds with diverse activities such as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-cancer, and
anti-inflammatory as well as therapeutic effects on diabetes and Alzheimer. The anti-cancer activity of such
compounds has been one of the main research fields in pharmaceutical chemistry. Due to this diverse
biological activity, xanthene core derivatives are still an attractive research field for both academia and
industry. This review addresses the current finding on the biological activities of xanthene derivatives and
discussed in detail some aspects of their structure-activity relationship (SAR).
Resonant BLDC Motor Drive System for Medical Applications
Authors: Vidhya C. , Ravikumar V. , Muralidharan S. 
Published: October 2019

Aim:
The work aims to implement a soft switched high frequency ac link universal
power converter controlled BLDC motor for medical applications. The universal power converter
is an ac link converter, with the parallel combination of an inductor and a capacitor which offers
improved power factor, low power consumption and more efficiency.

Materials and Methods:
SVPWM technique is utilized as a control technique for the proposed
converter. AC link converter controlled with PDM technique requires an additional control procedure
or an algorithm for regulating the output power of the PDM converters. SVPWM technique
was adopted to turn ON and OFF the input and output switches in sequence to get the regulated
power at the output.

Results and Conclusion:
These types of inverters could be used in medical field as an alternate to
conventional inverters during power shut downs. The inverter proposed in this work has both the
capability to step up and step down the input voltage based on the load requirements. The soft
switched AC link inverter may be incorporated in a variety of applications including medial applications,
industrial needs, renewable energy resources, variable frequency drives and electric and
hybrid vehicles.
Clinical Value of PET/CT in Staging Melanoma and Potential New Radiotracers
Authors: Annunziata Salvatore , Laudicella Riccardo , Caobelli Federico , Pizzuto Daniele A. , Aimn Working Group Young 
Published: October 2019

Background:18F-FDG PET/CT has been suggested as an effective tool to stage patients affected by melanoma. In the latest years, new radiopharmaceuticals have been proposed and the use of hybrid PET/ceCT has emerged.Objective:To review recent evidence on the role of PET/CT in melanoma staging as well as its potential for future developments.Methods:A comprehensive computer literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE was carried out to find relevant published articles concerning the feasibility of PET/CT in patients with malignant melanoma.Results:Some recent studies about potentials and limitations of 18F-FDG PET/CT in staging melanoma, new PET radiotracers beyond 18F-FDG and application of hybrid PET/ceCT have been reviewed and discussed.Conclusion:PET/CT plays an important role in the staging workup of patients affected by melanoma. New radiopharmaceuticals and hybrid PET/ceCT could improve the potential of this diagnostic tool in this field.
Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma: Updates in PET Imaging
Authors: Laudicella Riccardo , Baratto Lucia , Minutoli Fabio , Baldari Sergio , Iagaru Andrei 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Cutaneous malignant melanoma is a neoplasm whose incidence and mortality
are dramatically increasing. 18F-FDG PET/CT gained clinical acceptance over the past 2 decades in the
evaluation of several glucose-avid neoplasms, including malignant melanoma, particularly for the assessment
for distant metastases, recurrence and response to therapy.

Objective:
To describe the advancements of nuclear medicine for imaging melanoma with particular
attention to 18F-FDG-PET and its current state-of-the-art technical innovations.

Methods:
A comprehensive search strategy was used based on SCOPUS and PubMed databases. From
all studies published in English, we selected the articles that evaluated the technological insights of 18FFDG-
PET in the assessment of melanoma.

Results:
State-of-the-art silicon photomultipliers based detectors (“digital”) PET/CT scanners are
nowadays more common, showing technical innovations that may have beneficial implications for
patients with melanoma. Steady improvements in detectors design and architecture, as well as the implementation
of both software and hardware technology (i.e., TOF, point spread function, etc.), resulted
in significant improvements in PET image quality while reducing radiotracer dose and scanning time.

Conclusion:
Recently introduced digital PET detector technology in PET/CT and PET/MRI yields
higher intrinsic system sensitivity compared with the latest generation analog technology, enabling the
detection of very small lesions with potential impact on disease outcome.
In VitroEvaluation of Antifungal Activities by Permeation of Ru(III) Complexes Derived from Chitosan-Schiff Base Ligand
Authors: Vadivel T. , Dhamodaran M. , Kulathooran S. , Kavitha M. , Amirthaganesan K. 
Published: October 2019

Background:The transition metal complexes are derived from a natural biopolymer which is a very potent material in various research areas of study.Objective:This study aims to show the preparation of ruthenium(III) complexes from chitosan Schiff base ligand for effective application in antifungal studies.Methods:Chemical modification was carried out through a condensation reaction of chitosan with some aromatic aldehydes, which resulted in the formation of a bidentate Schiff base ligand. The Ru(III) complexes were prepared by complexation of ruthenium metal ion with bidentate ligands. The series of Ru(III) complexes were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope with Electron dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, Powder XRD. The biopolymer-based transition metal complexes have potential uses for their biological activities. The synthesized metal complexes were directed for antifungal study by the disc diffusion method.Results:The antifungal study results showed that the transition metal complexes have significant antifungal activities against some vital fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillim chryogenum and Trigoderma veride.Conclusion:A chitosan biopolymer offers some peculiar features such as biodegradability, biocompatibility etc., which are favorable for green synthesis of transition metal complexes through complexation with bidentate ligands. These metal complexes possess good antifungal property due to their chelation effect on micro-organisms.
Öğretmenlerin Motivasyonuna Etki Eden Faktörler ve Motivasyonlarını Artırmak İçin Uygulanan Stratejiler: Etiyopya Örneği
Authors: Berhanu Kelemu Zelalem , Sabancı Ali 
Published: October 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, Etiyopya'daki müdürlerin ve öğretmenlerin ilköğretim kurumu
öğretmenlerinin motivasyonunu etkileyen faktörler ve öğretmenlerinin
motivasyonunu artırmak için kararlaştırılan stratejileri incelemektir. Çalışma,
nitel araştırma yönteminde ve bütüncül çoklu durum çalışması olarak
desenlenmiştir. Çalışma grubu iki müdür ve altı öğretmenden oluşmuştur. Veri
toplamak amacıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu geliştirilmiştir.
Çalışmanın geçerliliğini sağlamak üzere iki akademisyenin soru formunu
incelemesi sağlanmış ve görüşleri doğrultusunda düzeltmeler yapıldıktan sonra
pilot çalışma yapılarak nihai form elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, öğretmenlerin
verdiği yanıtlara göre okulun, maaşın, yaşam koşullarının, teşvik edici
faktörün miktarı ve eşitliğinin ilköğretim kurum öğretmenlerinin motivasyonunu
etkileyen ana faktörler olarak belirtildiği görülmüştür. Öte yandan müdürler maaşla
ilgili faktörlerin öğretmenlerin motivasyonunu etkileyen ana unsur olduğunu
bildirmiştir. Öğretmenlere göre en
yaygın etkili stratejiler olarak okul müdürlerinin öğretmenleri motive etmek
için nakit ödüller, maddi olmayan kaynaklar ve diğer hediyeler ve fikirlerle
destek verdiklerini bildirmişleridir. Müdürler ayrıca açık iletişim oluşturma,
para ödülleri, kaynaklar ve diğer hediyeler verme, öğretmenleri güçlendirme,
fikirlerle destek verme, katılımcı karar kullanarak öğretmenleri motive etmek
için en yaygın etkili stratejiler olarak kullandıklarını bildirmiştir.
Assessment of Acetabulum Deformity During Preoperative Planning for Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Martynenko D. V. , Voloshin V. P. , Sherman L. A. , Shevyrev K. V. , Oshkukov S. A. , Stepanov E. V. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose of the study — to improve the two-dimensional planning of total hip joint arthroplasty to ensure precise positioning of the acetabular component in the deformed acetabulum. Materials and methods. Features of roentgenological anatomy of acetabulum and its coverage were studied on 1058 hip joint x-rays in the AP view in accordance with the procedure developed by the authors to define acetabular square — the site of standard positioning of a spherical femoral head in the acetabulum or of a hemispherical acetabular component. The method consisted of identifying the apex of “teardrop” figure; the most lateral points of the pelvic terminal line and roof of the acetabulum; superior part of the acetabular cavity; medial and inferior points of acetabular coverage, and building the sides of acetabular square — medial, inferior, lateral and superior boundary lines. Connection of “teardrop” apex and lateral point of the pelvic terminal line formed the medial side of acetabular square, and a perpendicular to that line drawn through the “teardrop” apex to its inferior side. The lateral side was drawn either through the intersection of the ascending diagonal line — bisector from the top of the “teardrop” figure with the contour of the acetabulum roof, or was a part of the projection of the most lateral point of the acetabular roof on the inferior side of the square. The superior side was a perpendicular connecting the intersection of the ascending diagonal and lateral bounding lines with the medial side of the acetabular square. The area of the deformed acetabular cavity located outside of the acetabular square was assessed as the acetabular defect. Results. Method of defining the acetabular square allowed to identify types of ratios between acetabular cavity and acetabular coverage in transverse (9 types) and longitudinal (7 types) direction. Combination of transverse ratio of acetabular cavity and coverage with longitudinal type allowed to define the options of acetabular deformities in two-dimensional view. The authors identified 25 types of acetabular deformities. Bone defects of acetabular walls were of the major importance among all anatomical features. Cranial defect of acetabulum was observed in 450 cases, medial wall defect — in 38 cases, defect including cranial and medial areas — in 7 cases. Conclusion. The method suggested by the authors to determine acetabular square and acetabular deformity variations allows to screen the anatomical features of the acetabulum during two-dimensional preoperative planning and to make an informed decision on the need to use other planning techniques. The type of acetabular deformity identified during preoperative planning allows to elaborate the indications for replacement of acetabular bone defects and/or resection of acetabular osteophytes.
Stimulation of Osteogenesis by Direct Electric Current (Review)
Authors: Ovchinnikov E. N. , Stogov M. V. 
Published: October 2019

Background. Stimulation of osteogenesis in the treatment of certain orthopedic and trauma pathologies is a necessary element to ensure the best clinical outcome. The purpose of the present analytical review is to analyze the literature data in respect of evaluating the approaches and possibilities to stimulate osteogenesis using direct current. Methods. The search for literature data was performed in the open electronic databases of scientific literature PubMed and eLIBRARY under the following keywords and their combinations: “osteogenesis”, “reparative osteogenesis”, “direct electric current”, “orthopaedics”, “traumatology”, “electric current” (in Russian as well as in English language ). Results. According to some fundamental research, the stimulating effect of direct current lies is both in stimulating differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts, and in stimulating differentiation of stem cells, mainly mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow and adipose tissue, in the process of osteogenesis. The following stimulating technologies were developed and clinically tested to date: 1 — direct exposure of bone to the direct current; 2 — capacitive coupled stimulation; and 3 — inductive coupled (electromagnetic) stimulation. Analysis of clinical practice demonstrated that the first technology is most effective in terms of osteoreparation, but less safe than technology 2 and 3. It should be noted that there are no clear indications and modes of application for the abovementioned methods. Based on the data collected in the present analysis, technology 1 is considered by authors as the most promising. Safety of technology 1 can be enhanced by application of metal implants as electrodes in case those are planned to be used for medical reasons: wires, rods, staples, fixators, etc. Conclusion. Use of electric current to stimulate bone formation is a promising method which requires clarification in respect of indications and application modes.
Patient-Specific Templates for Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in Children with Dysplastic Hip Subluxation (Preliminary Results)
Authors: Bortulev P. I. , Vissarionov S. V. , Baskov V. E. , Barsukov D. B. , Pozdnikin I. Yu. , Poznovich M. S. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose of the study — to evaluate the degree of correction of acetabular spatial position after triple pelvic osteotomy using patient-specific templates in children with dysplastic hip subluxation. Materials and methods. Study included 30 patients (30 hips) with dysplastic hip subluxation aging from 14 to 18 years (mean age of 16.3±1.4). All children were divided into two groups — main group consisted of 15 children (15 hips) who underwent triple pelvic osteotomy using patient-specific templates produced by 3D modeling and prototyping technology; control group consisted of 15 children (15 hips) who underwent triple pelvic osteotomy based on standard preoperative planning. X-ray and CT of hip joints was made in all patients. Results. Parameters of acetabular spatial position as well as integral parameters which define the ratio between acetabulum and femoral components and hip stability were in the range of normal variation in patients of the main group. Similar average parameters in patients of control group were below the lower margin of the physiological norm (p0.05). Besides, the values of standard deviation of abovementioned X-ray parameters in some patients of control group demonstrated pronounced variability characterized by hyper- and hypo-correction values of spatial position of acetabular fragment. Conclusion. In contrast to standard preoperative planning the use of patient-specific templates during re-orienting triple pelvic osteotomy in children with dysplastic hip subluxation allows to level out possible errors in three-dimensional acetabulum positioning towards hyper- and hypo-correction (p0.05) of pelvic component. This creates conditions to ensure adequate hip stability which is confirmed by key x-ray indices with values within normal reference range.
Injuries Reported by Selected Health Facilities During the Arbaeenia Mass Gathering at Babel Governorate, Iraq, 2014: Retrospective Records Analysis
Authors: Chitheer Abdulaal , Lami Faris , Radhi Ahmed , Arbaji Ali 
Published: October 2019

Background
Arbaeenia is the largest religious mass gathering in Iraq. The conditions associated with mass gatherings result in high rates of injury. There have been no prior studies on injuries during the Arbaeenia mass gathering.

Objective
This study describes the injuries observed during the Arbaeenia mass gathering in Babel Governorate in Iraq between November 24 and December 14, 2014.

Methods
The study was conducted in Babel Governorate at the emergency departments of six public hospitals and two major temporary medical units that were located along the three roads connecting the Middle and Southern Iraqi governorates. We used the Iraq Injury Surveillance System modified form to collect information on injured patients treated in the selected facilities. Data on fatal injuries was obtained from the coroner’s office. The following data were collected from the patients: demographics, outcome of injury, place and time of occurrence, mode of evacuation and medical care before arriving at the hospital, duration of travel from place of occurrence to hospital, disposition of non-fatal injury, cause and mode of injury, and whether the injury occurred in connection with the Arbaeenia mass gathering.

Results
Information was collected on 1564 injury cases, of which 73 were fatal. About half of the reported nonfatal injuries, 687/1404 (48.9%), and a quarter of fatalities, 18/73 (25%) were related to the Arbaeenia mass gathering (P<.001). Most of the reported injuries were unintentional, 1341/1404 (95.51%), occurred on the street, 864/1323 (65.6%), occurred during the daytime 1103/1174 (93.95 %). Most of those injured were evacuated by means other than ambulance 1107/1206 (91.79%) and did not receive pre-hospital medical care 788/1163 (67.7%). Minor injuries 400/1546 (25.9%) and traffic accidents 394/1546 (25.5%) were the most common types of injuries, followed by falls 270/1546 (17.5%). Among fatal injuries, traffic accidents 38/73 (52%) and violence 18/73 (25%) were the leading causes of death. Mass gathering injuries were more likely to occur among individuals aged 21-40 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.5; 95% CI 2.7-4.5) and >41 years (OR 7.6; 95% CI 5.4-10.6) versus those <21 years; more likely to be unintentional than assault (OR 5.3; 95% CI 1.8-15.5); more likely to happen on the street versus at home (OR 37.7; 95% CI 22.4-63.6); less likely to happen at night than during the day (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.4); and less likely to result in hospital admission (OR 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.7).

Conclusions
The study shows that most injuries were minor, unintentional, and nonfatal, and most people with injuries had limited access to ambulance transportation and did not require hospitalization.
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Decline and Incident Frailty in Older Adults
Authors: Guerville Florent , de Souto Barreto Philipe , Taton Benjamin , Bourdel-Marchasson Isabelle , Rolland Yves , Vellas Bruno ,   for the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT)/Data Sharing Alzheimer (DSA) Group
Published: October 2019

Background and objectives
Low eGFR is known to be associated with frailty, but the association between the longitudinal decline of eGFR and incident frailty in older persons remains to be determined. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a fast decline on eGFR would be associated with incident frailty.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Community dwellers, aged ≥70, were included in this secondary analysis of the 5-year Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT). eGFR was calculated using CKD–Epidemiology Collaboration equation at baseline and at 6, 12, and 24 months. The lowest quartile of eGFR slope (−4.1 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per yr) defined a fast decline. The frailty phenotype (unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slow gait, low handgrip strength assessed with a 0–5 score, where higher is worse; a score ≥3 defines frailty) was assessed at baseline, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. Cox models were used to test the association between fast eGFR decline and incident frailty.

Results
A total of 833 participants were frail neither at baseline nor at 2 years and had appropriate follow-up data. Median (IQR) baseline eGFR was 73 (61–84) ml/min per 1.73 m2. Frailty occurred in 95 (11%) participants between 24 and 60 months. Among them, 31/207 (15%) had fast eGFR decline between baseline and 24 months, and 64/626 (10%) did not. In a Cox model adjusted for demographic variables, cardiovascular comorbidity, C-reactive protein, and baseline eGFR, a fast eGFR decline was associated with incident frailty (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.71). Sensitivity analyses provided consistent findings.

Conclusions
In community-dwelling older adults with relatively preserved baseline eGFR, a fast eGFR decline is associated with incident frailty.