bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The distribution and density of monocarboxylate transporter 2 in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of wild‐type mice
Authors: Pang Ruiqi , Wang Xiaofan , Du Zhiqiang , Pei Feifei , Li Zhiyue , Sun Libing , Wang Shuying , Peng Yingnan , Lu Xupeng , Gao Xiaoqun , Chang Cheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMonocarboxylates cannot cross the blood‐brain barrier freely to participate in brain energy metabolism. Specific monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are needed to cross cellular membranes. Monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) is a major monocarboxylate transporter encoded by the SLC16A7 gene. Recent studies reported that neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), were related to energy metabolic impairment. MCT2 also plays an important role in energy metabolism in the CNS. To provide experimental evidence for future research on the role of MCT2 in the pathological process of CNS degenerative diseases, the distribution and density of MCT2 in different subregions of wild‐type mouse brain was examined using immunohistochemistry, western blot and immunogold post‐embedding electron microscopic techniques. The amount of MCT2 was higher in cerebellum than in cortex and hippocampus on western blots, and there was no statistical difference between cortex and hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry assay revealed the highest density of MCT2 in the CA3 of the hippocampus. The granular cell layer of the cerebellum contained more MCT2 than the molecular layer. The MCT2 density on the end feet of astrocytes of molecular layer was lower than in hippocampus, but the postsynaptic densities (PSDs) of asymmetric synapses in the molecular layer exhibited a high density using immunogold post‐embedding electron microscopic techniques.
The psychological processes voiced by nursing students when caring for suicidal patients during their psychiatric clinical practicum: A qualitative study
Authors: Sun Fan‐Ko , Long Ann , Chiang Chun‐Ying , Wu Ming‐Kung , Yao YuChun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study was designed to explore the psychological processes experienced by nursing students caring for suicidal patients during their first psychiatric clinical practicum.BackgroundNursing students expressed fear when caring for patients who presented with suicidal behaviours. Yet, there is a lack of research exploring nursing students' feelings and thoughts when caring for suicidal patients.DesignA grounded theory study.MethodsA theoretical sample of 22 undergraduate nursing students who had cared for suicidal patients for at least 5 days during their psychiatric clinical practicum. Data were collected from 2016–2017, in three universities in Taiwan, using a semi‐structured interview and constant comparative analysis. COREQ reporting guidelines were utilised.ResultsFour categories emerged depicting the psychological processes and revealing that the student nurses navigated four phases when caring for patients exhibiting suicidal behaviours. The phases were as follows: (a) apprehension and fear: involving students being frightened about patients attempting suicide; (b) frustration and powerlessness: concerning students finding it challenging to focus on changing patients' suicidal ideations; (c) support and catharsis: covering the students having to ask for psychological support from other people and explore their painful emotions; (d) confidence and empathy: meaning that the students incorporated enhanced confidence and cultivated advanced empathy, leading to the integration of competent care competencies towards suicidal patients.ConclusionsFindings could help nursing teachers to understand students' psychological processes when caring for suicidal patients. Teachers could provide appropriate support to help reduce students' negative thoughts and feelings and increase their care competencies when nursing suicidal patients during their psychiatric clinical practicum.Relevance to clinical practiceClinical nurse teachers could support and facilitate students to develop their competencies and confidence as they negotiate the four phases and, actually, complete their internship goals on their clinical practicums.
A case study of frontline nurse leadership informed by complex responsive processes of relating
Authors: Phillips Natasha , Norman Karen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo understand the social construction of frontline nurse leadership and how power operates at this level.BackgroundIt is argued that frontline nurse leaders are central to the negotiation of care. Evidence suggests they feel ill‐equipped to lead and lack confidence in their ability to do so. Disempowerment has been proposed as a barrier to effective ward leadership. There is a lack of studies about daily frontline leadership practice.DesignSingle instrumental case study with embedded cases.MethodsA purposive sample of one acute National Health Service Trust, with a convenience sample of embedded cases, was selected. Multiple methods of data collection were used including semi‐structured interviews, nonparticipant observations, field notes and documentary evidence. Thematic analysis using constant comparison and categorisation of data within, between and across cases was used to generate a theory of ward leadership in its organisational context. COREQ Checklist compliant.ResultsThese findings suggest the frontline nurse leaders' power is a dynamic and situation‐dependent phenomenon that shapes and is shaped by ongoing interactions between stakeholders in the NHS. In these interactions, power ebbs and flows. These leaders, like all actors involved, were paradoxically both powerful and powerless at the same time.ConclusionThis study offers a new contribution to the discussion about the power of ward leaders and problematises the theoretical assumptions that perpetuate calls for increased power.Relevance to practiceIn their efforts to resolve the spontaneous dilemmas that arise in practice, frontline nurse leaders would benefit from regularly participating in communities of reflexive practice.
Nurse management of vasoactive medications in intensive care: A systematic review
Authors: Hunter Stephanie , Considine Julie , Manias Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAim and objectiveTo investigate how intensive care nurses prepare, initiate, administer, titrate, and wean vasoactive medications.BackgroundThe management of vasoactive medications is core business for intensive care nurses, but little is known on how nurses manage these ubiquitous and potentially harmful medications.DesignA systematic review of the literature with narrative synthesis of data.MethodsThe databases CINAHL Complete, Medline Complete and EMBASE were searched from 1965 to January 2019 with keywords under five concept headings and in a variety of configurations. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were assessed for quality and bias, and a modified narrative synthesis was used to analyse data, investigate findings and explore relationships within and between studies.ResultsThe review identified 13 studies: two observational studies, two pre and post intervention studies, four survey studies, two quasi‐experimental studies, one longitudinal time series, one prospective controlled trial, and one interview incorporating content analysis. Four studies on preparing and initiating vasoactive medications described a lack of standardisation in infusion preparation and inconsistencies in dosing units and patient weights. Five of six studies on vasoactive medication administration examined nurses’ use of syringe changeovers to reduce patient haemodynamic compromise and there were three studies on titration and weaning.ConclusionFurther research on nurse management of vasoactive medications is needed to develop an evidence base for specialist education and standardised practices aimed at reducing risk for patient harm.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses working in intensive care units in many parts of the world are responsible for the management of vasoactive medications. There is great variation in practices that include preparation, initiation, administration, titration and weaning of vasoactive medications, which increases the risk for medication errors and adverse events in a vulnerable population of critically ill patients.
Education, income and occupation and their influence on the uptake of cervical cancer prevention strategies: A systematic review
Authors: Murfin Jessica , Irvine Fiona , Meechan‐Rogers Ronnie , Swift Amelia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsTo report a systematic review of the literature exploring how education, income and occupation influence the uptake of cervical screening and HPV vaccination among eligible women in developed countries, including the United Kingdom, United States, Spain, Germany and Norway.BackgroundCervical cancer remains a highly prevalent disease despite it being largely preventable through cervical screening and HPV vaccination. Incidence and mortality of cervical cancer are unequally distributed among socioeconomic groups, warranting research into how individual socioeconomic factors contribute to this unbalanced uptake of prevention strategies.DesignSystematic review and narrative synthesis.MethodsThe PRISMA guidelines (PLoS Medicine, 6, 2009, e1000097) guided the selection of papers. MEDLINE, CINHAL, PsychINFO, Science Citation Index and HMIC were searched. Ten articles were suitable. Key findings were then extracted, and a narrative synthesis was completed, using suitable guidance and the AXIS tool.ResultsObtaining high school or college education is associated with uptake of both cervical screening and HPV vaccination. Total household income and income in respect of the countries' poverty line was measured less frequently than education, but associated with screening and vaccination in some studies. Occupation was infrequently measured in comparison to education and income, limiting conclusions of its association to uptake.ConclusionEducation and income have an association with uptake of cervical screening and HPV vaccination among women. However, evidence is insufficient to affirm a relationship between occupation and uptake of screening and vaccination. Further research would be advised to strengthen these findings.Relevance to clinical practiceInterventions to promote cervical cancer prevention strategies should be targeted at women and girls with lower education levels and lower income. However, differences are displayed in the relationships between the individual socioeconomic factors and uptake of preventative strategies between countries and populations and so they should be considered separately. Nurses play a considerable role in people's perceptions and experiences of cervical screening and HPV vaccination. The review findings offer new insight that can inform future policy and nursing practice on targeting interventions to promote uptake among women who are underusing cervical cancer prevention programmes.
Ultrasound Criteria for Assessment of Vertebral Artery Origins
Authors: Rice Cory J. , Cho Sung‐Min , Strohm Tamara , Raber Larry , Katzan Irene L. , Hussain M. Shazam , Uchino Ken 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEWe sought to validate ultrasound as a reliable means of assessing vessel stenosis of vertebral artery origins.METHODSWe reviewed 1,135 patient charts with ultrasound of the posterior circulation performed in 2008‐2015 in a single hospital. Inclusion criteria for native vessels consisted of ultrasound and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) performed within 3 months. Patients with indwelling stents were analyzed separately from native vessels. Using DSA as the gold standard, we determined sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in detecting occlusion at vertebral artery origin. All patients with nonoccluded native vertebral artery origins were evaluated for degree of stenosis on DSA, and compared to mean flow velocity (MFV), peak systolic velocity (PSV), and end‐diastolic velocity (EDV) on ultrasound.RESULTSAmong 218 vertebral artery origins in 139 patients evaluated, ultrasound showed sensitivity of 85.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 69.7‐95.2%) for occlusion and specificity of 99.5% (95%CI: 96.9‐99.9%). Among 126 arteries without occlusion, <50% stenosis had average MFV (39 ± 19 cm/s), 50‐69% stenosis had average MFV (68 ± 35 cm/s), and severe (70‐99%) stenosis had average MFV (120 ± 93 cm/s) (P < .001). MFV cutoff value of 44 cm/s corresponded to 77% sensitivity and 70% specificity to detect vertebral artery origin stenosis >50% (C‐statistic: .81). PSV value of 97 cm/s corresponded with 72% sensitivity and 70% specificity to detect >50% stenosis (C‐statistic: .77). MFV cutoff value of 60 cm/s corresponded with 70% sensitivity and 82% specificity to predict 70‐99% stenosis (C‐statistic: .83). PSV cutoff value of 110 cm/s corresponded with 80% sensitivity and 72% specificity to predict 70‐99% stenosis (C‐statistic: .84).CONCLUSIONUltrasound has good sensitivity and excellent specificity for detecting vertebral origin occlusion. Flow velocity can be used to screen for severe stenosis of vertebral artery at origin.
Effects of γ‐polyglutamic acid on the gelling properties and non‐covalent interactions of fish gelatin
Authors: Hu Zi‐Zi , Sha Xiao‐Mei , Ye Yun‐Hua , Xiao Wan‐Rong , Tu Zong‐Cai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effects of γ‐polyglutamic aid (γ‐PGA) on the gelling properties and non‐covalent interactions of fish gelatin were investigated. The gel strength and melting temperature of fish gelatin gradually increased, with increasing γ‐PGA concentration, although there was no significant change when the γ‐PGA concentration was greater than 0.04%. As the concentration of γ‐PGA increased, the electrostatic interaction of fish gelatin increased and the hydrophobic interaction between gelatin molecules decreased. The fish gelatin system was comprised of γ‐PGA concentrations of 0.04 and 0.06% showing a strong hydrogen bond. When the γ‐PGA concentration increased from 0 to 0.04%, more phenolic hydroxyl groups in the tyrosine residue tended to form hydrogen bonds with the protein. However, an additional increase in γ‐PGA concentration to 0.1% led to enhanced hydrogen bonding with water molecules. The results of this study showed that hydrogen bonds played an important role in improving the gelling properties of gelatin by γ‐PGA.
Dietary protein reduction for Nile tilapia fingerlings reared in biofloc technology
Authors: Hisano Hamilton , Parisi Jéssica , Cardoso Israel L. , Ferri Giovanni H. , Ferreira Pollyanna M. F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance of Nile tilapia fed diets with 28, 32, and 36% crude protein (CP) in biofloc technology (BFT) and to verify its influence on water quality and hematological parameters. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments (28, 32, and 36% CP) and six replicates. Nile tilapia (n = 270, 6.31 ± 0.40 g) were randomly distributed in 18 aquaria—200 L (15 fish/aquarium), over a period of 60 days. No differences (p > .05) were observed among the treatments for the growth performance and hematological parameters. The volumes of nitrite and sedimentable solids showed higher values with 36% CP, which differed (p < .05) in comparison to 28% CP. Different levels of dietary CP content (36, 32 and 28% CP) do not influence the growth performance and health of Nile tilapia (6–25 g) reared in BFT. Thus, an 8% reduction in dietary protein (28% CP) can generate savings in terms of the costs of production and can decrease the environmental impact of excess dietary protein.
Partial substitution of soybean meal with faba bean meal in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) diets, and the effects on muscle fatty acid composition, flesh quality, and expression of myogenic regulatory factors
Authors: Li Xiaoxia , Chen Shijun , Sun Jijia , Huang Xiande , Tang Huijuan , He Yuhui , Pan Qing , Gan Lian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFaba bean meal (FBM) was used to replace soybean meal (SBM) in different proportions, and its impacts on muscle fatty acid composition, flesh quality, and myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) expression in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were evaluated. Five isonitrogenous (33.7% crude protein) and isolipidic (4.1% crude lipid) diets containing different levels of FBM replacing dietary SBM (0, 9, 18, 27, and 36%) were formulated and were randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish (mean initial weight of 3.39 ± 0.01 g) for 8 weeks. No significant differences were observed between the 0% group and FBM‐supplemented groups (except for 36% group). FBM instead of SBM significantly influenced the fatty acid composition and expression of MRFs, and markedly enhanced shear force and some texture parameters in muscle. Strong correlation was observed between MRFs and flesh textural properties. The maximal proportion of dietary SBM replacement with FBM was estimated to be 28.97% based on weight gain using a quadratic broken‐line model. These results indicated that FBM supplementation might affect flesh quality by regulating expression of some MRFs. The substitution proportion of SBM with FBM in diets of grass carp was 28.97% based on the situation described in this study.
A population‐based analysis of attributable hospitalisation costs of invasive fungal diseases in haematological malignancy patients using data linkage of state‐wide registry and costing databases: 2009‐2015
Authors: Valentine Jake C. , Morrissey C. Orla , Tacey Mark A. , Liew Danny , Patil Sushrut , Ananda‐Rajah Michelle 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackgroundInvasive fungal diseases (IFD) are associated with significant treatment‐related costs in patients with haematological malignancies (HM).ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to characterise the gross and attributable hospitalisation costs of a variety of IFD in patients with HM by linking state‐wide hospital administrative and costing datasets.Patients/MethodsWe linked the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset, Victorian Cancer Registry and the Victorian Cost Data Collection from 1 July 2009 to 30 June 2015. IFD cases and uninfected controls were matched 1:1 based on age within ten years, same underlying HM and length of stay prior to IFD diagnosis. The cost difference between surviving cases and controls, indexed to 2019 Australian dollars (AUD) calculated twelve months from IFD diagnosis, was determined using Poisson and negative binomial regression (NBR).ResultsFrom 334 matched pairs, the gross hospitalisation cost of cases was AUD$67 277 compared to AUD$51 158 among uninfected controls, associated with an excess median hospitalisation cost of AUD$16 119 (P < .001) attributable to IFD, approximating to USD$11 362 and €10 154 at purchasing power parity. Median attributable costs were highest for patients with invasive aspergillosis (AUD$55 642; P < .001) and mucormycosis (AUD$51 272; P = .043) followed by invasive candidiasis AUD$24 572 (P < .001). No change in median excess attributable costs was observed over the study period (P = .90) Analyses by NBR revealed a 1.36‐fold increase (P < .001) in total hospitalisation costs among cases as compared to controls twelve months from IFD diagnosis.ConclusionInvasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis have high attributable hospitalisation costs but the overall excess IFD cost of AUD$16 119 is modest, potentially reflecting missed or miscoded fungal episodes arguing for better quality surveillance data at hospital level.
Breakfast consumption and obesity among preadolescents: An epidemiological study
Authors: Champilomati Georgia , Notara Venetia , Prapas Christos , Konstantinou Eleni , Kordoni Marialena , Velentza Anna , Mesimeri Magdalini , Antonogeorgos George , Rojas‐Gil Andrea Paola , Kornilaki Ekaterina N. , Lagiou Areti , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine the association between breakfast consumption and childhood weight status, in relation to various socioeconomic and lifestyle factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted including 1,728 children aged 10–12 years and their parents, during the school years 2014–2016. Primary schools from five Greek counties (including the Athens metropolitan area) were randomly selected. Parental and child data were collected through self‐administered, anonymous questionnaires. Children’s weight status was based on gender‐ and age‐specific tables derived from the International Obesity Task Force body mass index cutoffs. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between frequency and type of breakfast consumption and children’s weight status.ResultsThe frequency of breakfast consumption was not associated with childhood overweight or obesity, even when other factors were included in the analysis like sex, age, physical activity, meals / day, family annual income, parental weight status, parental physical activity level, parental educational level and parental employment status. From the nine foods that were included only the consumption of bread or rusks and chocolate milk were found to have a negative association with childhood overweight or obesity (odds ratio: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.79 and OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.87, respectively).ConclusionsThe result that frequency of breakfast consumption was not associated with children’s overweight / obesity may lead to a deeper investigation of the foods consumed during breakfast. Bread or rusks and chocolate milk seemed to have a protective effect; further nutritional analysis is needed to explore the potential mechanisms of this observation.
Predictors of neuropsychological functioning and medication adherence in pediatric heart transplant recipients referred for neuropsychological evaluation
Authors: Wolfe Kelly R. , Kelly Sarah L. , Steinberg Elizabeth , Pliego Jessica , Everitt Melanie D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChildren who undergo heart transplantation are at risk for long‐term neurodevelopmental sequelae secondary to heart disease and its treatment. Detailed neuropsychological profiles in clinical sample status post‐pediatric heart transplantation are sparse in the literature, and there is little information regarding predictors of neuropsychological functioning or how it relates to medication adherence in this population. The present study examined these questions in a retrospective analysis of 27 pediatric heart transplantation recipients referred for clinical neuropsychological evaluation. The sample demonstrated mild‐to‐moderate decrements across domains of neuropsychological functioning. Children with premorbid congenital heart disease performed more poorly in working memory, word reading, and parent‐rated conceptual adaptive skills compared to children with premorbid cardiomyopathy. Additionally, a higher number of rejection episodes were related to poorer verbal memory. Children with parent‐reported attention problems had better adherence to immunosuppressant medication, which may have represented greater caregiver involvement in medication management. Taken together, clinically referred children with history of heart transplantation showed broad‐based difficulties across neuropsychological domains according to formal testing and parent rating scales. This population requires routine neuropsychological monitoring and intervention.