bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification of Mental Health among Korean Vietnam War Veterans: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Lee Hyunyup , Aldwin Carolyn , Kang Sungrok , Ku Xyle 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We investigated the dimensional structure of mental health among aging Korean Veterans using latent profile analysis (LPA) on posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD), late onset stress symptomology (LOSS), and psychosocial well-being (PWB). The Korean Vietnam War Veterans Study consists of 367 men (Mage=72, SD=2.66). LPA identified five classes of mental health as best fitting the data. Most men were in the normal (38%) and moderate distress (31%) groups, while smaller proportions were in the low affect (13%) and severe distress (7%) groups. The resilient group (12%) had low PTSD, medium LOSS, and high PWB, and were highest on optimism, positive appraisals of military service, and social support. Negative and positive aspects of mental health outcomes were on separate dimensions rather than on a single bipolar dimension. Service providers should attempt to both reduce Veterans’ negative psychological symptoms and increase psychosocial well-being. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Aging Veterans: Effects of Military Service across the Life Course Interest Group.
Inequalities in Trends in Healthy and Disability-Free Life Expectancies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Spiers Gemma , Beyer Fiona , Craig Dawn , Hanratty Barbara , Jagger Carol 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To update previous reviews, we searched Medline, Embase, Scopus and the Office for National Statistics (ONS) website for studies and reports published after 2016 that describe trends in healthy life expectancy, active life expectancy or disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) in the UK and other OECD high-income countries. We focus here on studies reporting inequalities by socioeconomic position (SEP) in these trends. There was mixed evidence of educational and area-level deprivation inequalities in trends in DFLE, with four studies indicating that educational inequalities were widening in European countries. No studies were identified that examined inequalities in disability-free life expectancy trends in the UK. All studies were based on cross-sectional data from multiple time points or longitudinal panel studies. We discuss the size of inequalities in DFLE between SEP groups and the limitations of previous studies.
Identifying Gaps in Knowledge and Barriers to Utilization of Hospice and End-of-Life Care Services
Authors: Kaye Lenard , Silver Nicholas , Hutchison Carli , Wihry David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hospice and end-of-life (HEOL) services have traditionally been underutilized, especially in rural areas. A community assessment, performed in eastern Maine, sheds light on the extent to which public and health care professional attitudes and knowledge explain HEOL service access and utilization levels. Structured surveys were distributed in the fall of 2019 targeting community residents (18 years and older) and hospice/health care professionals. Residents (n=213) displayed significant levels of ignorance concerning the purpose and availability of HEOL services. Although a range of HEOL services were rated as highly important, residents were unable to confirm their actual availability. Overall, one in every two residents did not know if particular HEOL services existed locally (ranging from a low of 27% that were unsure whether grief support services were available to 67% unaware of the presence of a community hospice house). Hospice/health professionals (n=22) were aligned in their belief that the public did not have a clear understanding of the intent of HEOL services. Interestingly, community residents lacked equivalent measures of confidence in the HEOL knowledge levels of health care professionals. Significant barriers to the timely utilization of HEOL services included: stigma/fear, lack of education as to the purpose of these services, financial barriers to access, and scarcity of selected HEOL services. For both respondent groups, the top ranking suggestions for increasing HEOL services utilization were earlier discussions between providers and patients concerning the need for such services and increased public and professional education around death and dying.
Creative Aging Collaborations: New Directions in Solving Critical Societal Aging and Health Problems
Authors: Dunlap Jamie , Horner Steven , Richmond-Cullen Catherine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
From the grassroots development of creative aging research to broad base community collaborations that address the issues of today and tomorrow, this presentation will illustrate how state departments of aging and state arts agencies can combine to partnership with research universities to demonstrate the efficacy of the arts to mediate problems of loneliness, isolation and caregiver stress. This case study will show how resources can be expanded and effective practices established through community based research to find ways to build healthy and engaging communities that serve to break down the barriers of isolation and promote social networks.
Underrepresentation of Adults and Older Adults With Disabilities in Behavioral Clinical Trials: A Scoping Review
Authors: Stark Susan , Keglovits Marian , Tello Sandra Espín 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A lack of evidence-based interventions for people aging with long-term physical disabilities exists. To examine the exclusion of people with disabilities in behavioral clinical trials, a scoping review was conducted. ClinicalTrials.gov was searched for interventional behavioral studies from the United States completed from 2008–2018, with results focused on adults (18–64) and older adults (65+). In total, 158 clinical trials were included. In 129 articles, health conditions were excluded 697 times. Seventy-one clinical trials excluded at least one health condition with strong justification, 11 with poor justification, and 115 without justification. There is strong evidence that people with disabilities are excluded from behavioral clinical trials, often without justification. To help close this gap, our presentation will discuss how translational research strategies, focused on adapting existing EB behavioral trials, can be used to increase the availability of interventions that address the needs of individuals aging with and into long-term disabilities. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Lifelong Disabilities Interest Group.
Leveraging Opportunities to Advance the Potential of Technology to Support Independence and Aging in Place
Authors: Mitzner Tracy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Technology holds great potential to support those aging with and into disability. Research and development efforts in the aging space (aging into disability) have traditionally focused on improving health conditions, whereas those in the disability space (aging with disability) have primarily focused on supporting activity and participation. Bridging these perspectives and approaches adds rich context to guide the development and evaluation of technology interventions. Examples of technology interventions that support activity and participation and thereby improve health outcomes for adults aging with mobility disabilities show the need for bridging. The Telewellness research study used videoconferencing to deliver an evidence-based tai chi intervention to small groups. The Digital Assistant study explored the potential of the Amazon Echo to support controlling the home environment, engaging in physical activity, interacting with others, and managing health. Both projects offer credence to the value of supporting adults aging-in-place with wide range of capabilities and limitations. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Lifelong Disabilities Interest Group.
Laughter and Short-Term Blood Pressure Reactivity in Spousal Support Interactions
Authors: Monin Joan , Tomlinson Jennifer , Feeney Brooke 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Individual effects of laughter in reducing stress are well-documented. However, no research has examined dyadic associations between laughter and blood pressure in spousal support interactions. This study examined the hypotheses that individual and shared laughter would be associated with lower blood pressure and distress during a support interaction for both the “support-seeker” and the “support-provider”. Two hundred and seventy-one older adult couples were video-recorded and their blood pressure was monitored during a baseline, a discussion about the support-seeker’s greatest fear related to aging, and while playing a game in the laboratory. Both spouses reported their distress after the support interaction. Laughter was coded by trained observers. According to the Actor Partner Interdependence Models, the more the support-seeker laughed, the lower the support-provider’s systolic blood pressure was during the support interaction (partner effect). Also, laughter was associated with less distress for both spouses during the support interaction (actor effects). Part of a symposium sponsored by Dyadic Research on Health and Illness Across the Adult Lifespan Interest Group.
Cancer Survivor Perspectives on Text Messages in a Technology-Based Physical Activity Intervention
Authors: Gell Nancy , Vatovec Christine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Messaging through mobile apps and texts are a common feature of technology-based physical activity interventions. We aimed to examine perspectives of mid-life and older cancer survivors on message content, timing, and two-way communication. We conducted qualitative interviews with 14 participants (Mean 59.9 years, Range 52-79) who completed a remotely delivered intervention that included text messages to support physical activity. After transcription, the interviews were coded and analyzed thematically using inductive, directed content analysis. Themes related to content preferences included personalization, accountability, perspective on the ‘bigger picture,’ and acknowledgement of PA-related achievements. Random timing for receipt was considered acceptable whereas interest in responding to messages was highly variable. Older cancer survivors’ preferences for highly personalized messages are an important consideration in designing technology-based physical activity interventions. A combination of accountability, relation to personal factors, and acknowledgement of goal attainment need to be considered in efforts to scale interventions. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Cancer and Aging Interest Group.
An Introduction to the Adherence Promotion With Person-Centered Technology Project
Authors: Dieciuc Michael , Carr Dawn , He Zhe , Chakraborty Shayok , Charness Neil , Lustria Mia , Singh Ankita , Boot Walter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The massive potential of cognitive training and longitudinal cognitive assessment to detect and prevent age-related cognitive decline and dementia will not be realized unless individuals are willing and able to engage with these protocols for an extended period of time. Unfortunately, similar to other health behaviors, adherence to home-based assessment and training is frequently poor. Addressing the gap between potential and realized benefits is an urgent goal as the population ages. APPT investigates these and related issues within samples of older adults with and without cognitive impairment. Ultimately, two randomized controlled trials will test whether an adaptive, tailored, and integrated technology-based adherence support system can boost adherence, with the ultimate goal being the early detection and treatment of age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Initial algorithm development and application to existing datasets will be presented that will inform the design of a smart reminder system that will later be assessed.
Gerontology at the Intersection of Religion and Families: Honoring the Legacy of Vern Bengtson
Authors: Bishop Alex , Silverstein Merril , Ardelt Monika 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The topic of religion and spirituality in later life has received intermittent but regular attention in the field of social and behavioral gerontology over the past few decades. To the extent that religion and spirituality have been linked to better health, improved well-being, and harmonious family functioning has renewed interest in this area of scholarly inquiry. Along with these positive outcomes, religion has also been examined as the basis for family conflict, as well in terms of its inverse in the transmission of secularity across generations. This symposium will communicate empirical results, theoretical insights, and conceptual developments inspired by the career contributions of Dr. Vern Bengtson, whose landmark studies have enriched the field of gerontology in the areas of intergenerational solidarity, spirituality in later life, the transmission of religion across generations, and life-course approaches to the study of family relationships. Five eminent scholars whose work touches on these areas will be represented in this symposium. The paper by Linda George compares intergenerational religious socialization and moral development. The paper by Robert Taylor and Linda Chatters examines the role of supportive church and family networks among older African-Americans. The paper by Ellen Idler addresses aging and religious in a context of secularization. The paper by Andy Achenbaum considers spiritual dimensions of friendship and meanings of aging. The paper by Merril Silverstein integrates intergenerational and temporal continuity in religious practice and identity. The discussant Monika Ardelt has contributed important scholarly work in the areas of religion, spirituality, and wisdom in later life. Religion, Spirituality and Aging Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
Individual Differences in Caregiving: Application of a Stress Process Model
Authors: Haley William , Elayoubi Joanne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Stress process models propose individual differences in caregiver outcomes depending on background characteristics and primary caregiving stressors, and resilience factors including stress appraisals, and internal and external resources. This paper will examine individual differences in the effects of the transition to caregiving on indicators of well-being and biomarkers of inflammation. Completed analyses show that, contrary to previous findings from cross-sectional studies, changes in well-being after caregiving generally do not differ by caregiver race, gender, age, or relationship category (spouse, adult child, others). Additional analyses examine the relationship of primary caregiving stressors (e.g. ADL and behavioral problems), stress appraisals (e.g., perceived stressfulness of ADL and IADL problems, perceived benefits of caregiving), and personality with changes in well-being and inflammation after the transition to caregiving. The lack of differences on most biomarker measures suggests that caregivers show substantial resilience in the face of significant, chronic caregiving stress.
Using Video Telehealth to Support Family Caregivers of People With Dementia
Authors: Sussman Joleen , Moo Lauren , Karel Michele 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In 2030, predictions indicate that dementia will affect 75 million people worldwide and increase to 132 million by 2050. Persons’ with dementia (PWD) associated behavioral changes are highly correlated with caregiver burden. Caregivers of PWD commonly report concerns regarding personal and home safety, meaningful activities, advance care planning, and evaluation and diagnosis of dementia of the PWD. Further, caregivers’ emotional response to PWD challenging behavior has greater influence than the actual behavior on decisions to place PWD in a nursing home. Caregiver intervention reduces behavioral and psychological symptoms in the PWD, the caregiver’s emotional distress from these symptoms, and cost to healthcare systems. Yet, one in four dementia caregivers are not receiving dementia support services. Difficulty attending in person clinic-based appointments may be one barrier to caregivers engaging in treatment. This symposium highlights telehealth approaches, by various disciplines (Geriatrician, Neurologist, Geriatric Psychiatric, Geropsychologist, and Occupational Therapist), across urban and rural settings to address caregiver needs and improved access to care. The first presentation will focus on education of rural caregivers of PWD and increased connection to services (Sussman et al). The second presentation will focus on Video to home dementia visits for caregivers (Gately & Moo). The third study will focus on rural tele dementia caregiver support groups and effects on caregiver burden (Rossi et al). The final study will describe co-occurring caregiver and PWD telehealth groups (Thielke & Fredrickson).
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Risk and Protective Factors of Dementia and CIND in the United States
Authors: Ferdows Nasim , Aranda Maria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent population-based studies have shown declines in dementia prevalence in high-income countries, suggesting that improved population cardiovascular health and rising levels of education in the past 25 year were associated with reduction of dementia risks. However, in the US, there are variations in educational attainment, prevalence and management of chronic diseases, and behaviors associated with poor cardiovascular health among racial and ethnic groups. We performed a retrospective analysis of 3,495 older individuals (65+) in 2016 who participated in Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) subsample of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), to examine racial/ethnic differences in risk and protective factors associated with dementia and cognitive impairment. Linking HCAP to HRS, we traced individuals back to 2000 and created a longitudinal data of HCAP population (2000-2016). We found that racial/ethnic differences in risk and in protective factors throughout the life-course were associated with racial and ethnic disparities in dementia prevalence.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in High-Quality Home Health Use Among Persons With Dementia
Authors: Fashaw Shekinah , Thomas Kali 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Prior research suggests minorities and racially-diverse neighborhoods have decreased access to high-quality hospitals, physicians, and nursing homes. It is not clear how this varies for persons with dementia (PWD) and home health agencies (HHAs). With the Medicare enrollment file, linked to the home health OASIS, the American Community Survey, and Home Health Compare, we examine the influence of individual’s race/ethnicity, as well as the racial/ethnic composition of neighborhoods, on the likelihood of high quality HHA use among PWD in 2016. Minority PWD receiving home health are significantly less likely to use high-quality HHAs than their white counterparts (33% vs 39%, respectively). PWD using HHA in predominantly minority neighborhoods are less likely to use high-quality HHAs compared to PWD in predominantly white neighborhoods (31% vs 40%, respectively). This study is the first to examine racial disparities in the use of HH for PWD. Policy and practice implications will be discussed.
Facing Fear Through Making Connections as We Age
Authors: Knight Becky , Noah Amanda , Bowland Sharon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Older residents often experience disruption in family relationships and social networks due to isolation once they move into public housing communities. While the need for social contact continues, the opportunity may diminish. Older African-American women living in one housing community attempted to cope with their personal safety fears through social isolation (Bowland, 2015). Women in the study (N = 25) were survivors of one or more forms of interpersonal trauma, including childhood abuse, sexual assault and domestic violence. In contrast, a few women in the same sample spontaneously formed social networks within the community. This qualitative investigation will examine how the women adapted to an isolating and unsafe environment by developing social connections. As a social determinant of health, developing healthy social networks inside a housing community can reduce fear and improve well-being and quality of life for low-income older residents who are aging-in-place.
Could Practices of Remembrance Reduce Social Isolation in Late Life? Ethnographic Evidence From Poland and Detroit
Authors: Robbins Jessica 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Because social isolation can have negative effects on older adults’ wellbeing, programs that reduce social isolation have potential to improve older adults’ wellbeing. One presumed aspect of these programs’ significance is the social connection occurring through the programs themselves. However, drawing on ethnographic data collected in Poland and Detroit, this presentation argues that practices of remembrance, in which older adults connect with deceased kin and loved ones, may offer possibilities for reducing social isolation. In Poland, older adults engage in practices of storytelling in which they remember deceased kin and lost homes and homelands. In Detroit, Michigan, older African Americans who garden remember their deceased kin and friends through the practice of gardening itself. This presentation presents a cross-cultural analysis of how older adults’ practices of remembrance may offer opportunities to reduce social isolation—even for older adults who live alone—by connecting to meaningful relations, times, and places.
Examining Meaningful Engagement Among Assisted Living Residents With Dementia
Authors: Kemp Candace , Bender Alexis , Burgess Elisabeth , Ciofi Joy , Epps Fayron , Morgan Jennifer , Perkins Molly 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Across care setting, lack of meaningful activity is identified by persons living with dementia and their care partners as a persistent and significant unmet care need. Here, we examine the opportunities for and experiences with meaningful engagement among assisted living residents with dementia using data from our 5-year NIA-funded qualitative study (R01AG062310). Guided by grounded theory method, the study involves in-depth interviews, participant observation, and resident record review collected over a one-year period in four diverse assisted living communities. Analysis of these data shows a range of engagement opportunities and experiences within and across care communities and point to the influence of resident (e.g. cognitive and physical function, interests, relationships), care partner (e.g., dementia knowledge, strategies, availability), and care community (e.g., size, location, resources) factors. We conclude by offering suggestions for policy and practice and for future research aimed at improving the quality of life of persons living with dementia.
Dementia Care Across Long-Term Settings: Similar but Not Equal
Authors: Zimmerman Sheryl , Kistler Christine , Scott Jessica , Ward Kimberly , Zeigler Robin , Sullivan Louise , Tomlinson Sarah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nursing homes and assisted living (AL) communities are similar but not equal, and addressing the needs of residents with dementia differs across settings. It is important to appreciate that both settings are complex adaptive systems; as such, care intended to have widespread impact must be mindful of stakeholders, understand existing practices, and be pragmatic. This session will present an evidence-based program developed in nursing homes – Mouth Care Without a Battle, which teaches staff to provide daily, personalized mouth care to persons with cognitive and physical impairment – and considerations relevant for implementation in AL. Using data from more than 2,000 AL trainees and also AL administrators, supervisors, residents, family members, and trainers, it will situate findings in the context of implementation science and the NIH Stage Model, thereby making them applicable to any dementia care practice regardless its focus and the setting in which it is to be used.