bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of laparoscopic anterior resection for rectal cancer with duplication of the inferior vena cava using preoperative 3D computed tomography angiography
Authors: Furutani Akinobu , Yoshida Sachiko , Yoshida Toshihiko , Nishi Masayasu , Yamagishi Takashi , Goto Hironobu , Otsubo Dai , Yamane Hisoka , Matsumoto Taku , Fujino Yasuhiro , Tominaga Masahiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We report the case of a patient with duplication of the inferior vena cava (DIVC) who underwent anterior laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer. A 66-year-old woman presented with abnormal lung shadows on a chest x-ray during a routine health checkup. She was diagnosed with rectal cancer and lung metastasis using colonoscopy and thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT). In addition, a 3D CT angiography revealed double inferior vena cava, one on either side of the aorta. The preoperative diagnosis was rectal cancer cT3N0M1a(Lung) cStage IVA with DIVC, and a two-stage surgery was planned. The first stage was high anterior laparoscopic resection. This was safely performed because the pre-hypogastric nerve fascia was preserved and the left inferior vena cava was not visualized during the surgery. During the second stage of the surgery, video-assisted thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy was performed and no recurrence was observed for &gt;6 months after the second surgery.
Gastric heterotopia with perforation mimicking neoplastic process in ileum
Authors: Carlson Quinlan , Golconda Umamaheshwari , Sun Belinda 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Gastric heterotopia (GH) is rare in ileum except in Meckel’s diverticulum and rarely causes severe symptoms in adults. Here, we report a 31-year-old male patient with GH in ileum presented with bowel perforation and mass formation in the mesentery mimicking perforated small bowel tumor. Microscopic examination of the lesion showed completely differentiated gastric body-type mucosa with mucosal ulceration, fistula formation and bowel perforation. This case raises the awareness that GH may cause severe complications and should be included in the differential diagnosis for acute abdominal pain especially in patients with a mass lesion at an unusual location.
Utility of serological tumor biomarkers for surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients undergoing dialysis
Authors: Toyoda Hidenori , Kikuchi Kan , Tsuruta Yuki , Hiraoka Atsushi , Tsuji Kunihiko , Tanaka Junko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Patients undergoing dialysis are at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and preferably should undergo HCC surveillance. We investigated the utility of HCC tumor markers for HCC surveillance in patients undergoing dialysis.

Methods
Three serum markers specific for HCC, namely alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin A-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), were measured in dialysis patients with and without a diagnosis of HCC (n = 60 and 507, respectively). The predictive value of each marker and that of a diagnostic score (GALAD score) based on patient age and gender as well as the same three markers were evaluated by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, as well as sensitivity and specificity.

Results
AFP, DCP and the GALAD scores showed high predictive values for HCC, with areas under the ROC curve of &gt;0.85. This effectiveness remained when focusing on small HCC (≤3 cm or ≤2 cm) or early-stage HCC (Stage I), as well as after propensity score matching of background characteristics of HCC and non-HCC patients. In particular, DCP and GALAD score had excellent predictive abilities for HCC.

Conclusions
Measuring serum tumor markers for HCC can serve as a complement to imaging studies in the surveillance of HCC in patients undergoing dialysis, and reduce the likelihood of advanced HCC at detection and diagnosis.
Phase I study of vinblastine in combination with nilotinib in children, adolescents, and young adults with refractory or recurrent low-grade glioma
Authors: Vairy Stephanie , Le Teuff Gwénaël , Bautista Francisco , De Carli Emilie , Bertozzi Anne-Isabelle , Pagnier Anne , Fouyssac Fanny , Nysom Karsten , Aerts Isabelle , Leblond Pierre , Millot Frederic , Berger Claire , Canale Sandra , Paci Angelo , Poinsignon Vianney , Chevance Aurelie , Ezzalfani Monia , Vidaud Dominique , Di Giannatale Angela , Hladun-Alvaro Raquel , Petit Francois M , Vassal Gilles , Geoerger Birgit , Le Deley Marie-Cécile , Grill Jacques 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
New rescue regimens are needed for pediatric refractory/recurrent low-grade glioma. Nilotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has potential synergistic effects with vinblastine on angiogenesis, tumor cell growth, and immunomodulation.

Methods
This phase I trial aimed to determine the recommended doses of this combination for phase II trials (RP2D) using the dual-agent Bayesian continual reassessment method. Nilotinib was given orally twice daily (BID) in combination with once-weekly vinblastine injections for a maximum of 12 cycles of 28 days (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01884922).

Results
Thirty-five pediatric patients were enrolled across 4 dose levels. The median age was 7 years and 10 had neurofibromatosis type 1. Patients had received a median of 3 prior treatment lines and 25% had received more than 4 previous treatment lines. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) during cycle 1 was hematologic, dermatologic, and cardiovascular. The RP2D was identified at 3 mg/m2 weekly for vinblastine with 230 mg/m2 BID for nilotinib (estimated probability of DLT = 18%; 95% credibility interval, 7–29%). Fifteen patients completed the 12 cycles; 2 stopped therapy prematurely due to toxicity and 18 due to disease progression. Three patients achieved a partial response leading to an objective response rate of 8.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9–23.7), and the disease control rate was 85.3% (95% CI, 68.9–95.1). The 12-month progression-free survival was 37.1% (95% CI, 23.2–53.67).

Conclusions
Vinblastine and nilotinib combination was mostly limited by myelosuppression and dermatologic toxicity. The efficacy of the combination at the RP2D is currently evaluated in a randomized phase II trial comparing this regimen to vinblastine alone.
Coulomb screening correction to the Q value of the triple-alpha process in thermal plasmas
Authors: Phyu Lai Hnin , Moriya H , Horiuchi W , Iida K , Noda K , Yamashita M T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The triple-alpha reaction is key to $^{12}$C production and is expected to occur in weakly coupled thermal plasmas as encountered in normal stars. We investigate how Coulomb screening affects the structure of a system of three alpha particles in such a plasma environment by precise three-body calculations within the Debye–Hückel approximation. A three-alpha model that has the Coulomb interaction modified in the Yukawa form is employed. Precise three-body wave functions are obtained by a superposition of correlated Gaussian basis with the aid of the stochastic variational method. The energy shifts of the Hoyle state due to the Coulomb screening are obtained as a function of the Debye screening length. The results, which automatically incorporate the finite-size effect of the Hoyle state, are consistent with the conventional result based on the Coulomb correction to the chemical potentials of ions that are regarded as point charges in a weakly coupled thermal plasma. We have given a theoretical basis to the conventional point-charge approach to the Coulomb screening problem relevant for nuclear reactions in normal stars by providing the first evaluation of the Coulomb corrections to the $Q$ value of the triple-alpha process that produces a finite-size Hoyle state.
Which Learning Activities Enhance Physical Therapist Practice? Part 1: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Quantitative Studies
Authors: Leahy Edmund , Chipchase Lucy , Calo Marlena , Blackstock Felicity C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
Following graduation from professional education, the development of clinical expertise requires career-long participation in learning activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate which learning activities enhanced physical therapist practice.

Methods
Eight databases were searched for studies published from inception through December 2018. Articles reporting quantitative data evaluating the effectiveness of learning activities completed by qualified physical therapists were included. Study characteristics and results were extracted from the 26 randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria. Clinician (knowledge, affective attributes, and behavior) and patient-related outcomes were extracted.

Results
There was limited evidence that professional development courses improved physical therapist knowledge. There was low-level evidence that peer assessment and feedback were more effective than case discussion at improving knowledge (standardized mean difference = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.09–0.62). Results were inconsistent for the effect of learning activities on affective attributes. Courses with active learning components appeared more effective at changing physical therapist behavior. The completion of courses by physical therapists did not improve patient outcomes; however, the addition of a mentored patient interaction appeared impactful.

Conclusion
Current evidence suggests active approaches, such as peer assessment and mentored patient interactions, should be used when designing learning activities for physical therapists. Further high-quality research focused on evaluating the impact of active learning interventions on physical therapist practice and patient outcomes is now needed.

Impact
This study is a first step in determining which learning activities enhance clinical expertise and practice would enable the physical therapy profession to make informed decisions about the allocation of professional development resources.
Which Learning Activities Enhance Physical Therapist Practice? Part 2: Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies and Thematic Synthesis
Authors: Leahy Edmund , Chipchase Lucy , Calo Marlena , Blackstock Felicity C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
Post-professional physical therapy expertise requires career-long participation in learning activities. Understanding physical therapists’ lived experience of learning activities provides novel insight into how best to enhance physical therapist practice from the perspective of the learner. The purpose of this study was to explore qualified physical therapists’ experiences, beliefs, and perspectives with regard to learning activities and professional development.

Methods
Eight databases were searched for studies published from inception through December 2018. Study selection included mixed-methods and qualitative studies exploring physical therapists’ experiences, perspectives, beliefs, and attitudes. Thematic synthesis was performed, and the GRADE-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research was used to assess the level of confidence in the findings. A total 41 studies with 719 participants were included.

Results
The key findings include physical therapists’ perceptions that worthwhile post-professional learning requires more than attendance at professional development courses. Physical therapists perceived that worthwhile learning requires connection with others and being “taken out of one’s comfort zone.” Sufficient time and accessible, trustworthy resources were also valued.

Conclusions
Moderate- to low-level evidence suggests that the choice of professional development activities and education design for qualified physical therapists should consider the inclusion of connected activities, activities that take participants out of comfort zones, time to practice, and trustworthy resources that are easily accessible. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of learning activities encompassing these factors, prioritizing those that minimize the barriers of time and distance.

Impact
This study adds to the profession’s understanding of physical therapists’ lived experience of learning activities, providing novel insight into how best to enhance physical therapist practice from the perspective of the learner.
Opiates and the ‘Therapeutic Revolution’ in Japan
Authors: Vitale Judith 
Published: June 2020

Summary
This article argues that the widespread use of opiate-compounded medicines in late-nineteenth-century Japan was partly a result of Meiji period (1868–1912) public health policies. An overview of the status of opiates in Japan from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries is intended to explain possible reasons: pharmaceutical reforms in the 1870s and 1880s were based on Edo-period (1603–1868) protostructures of regulated drug manufacture; in contrast, the Meiji government failed to introduce Western clinical practice within a short span of time. As a result opiates, marketed as Western ‘modern’ medicines, were smoothly integrated into pre-existing beliefs, according to which drugs and diets maintained bodily health.
Dual UTR-A novel 5′ untranslated region design for synthetic biology applications
Authors: Balzer Le Simone , Onsager Ingerid , Lorentzen Jon Andreas , Lale Rahmi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Bacterial 5′ untranslated regions of mRNA (UTR) involve in a complex regulation of gene expression; however, the exact sequence features contributing to gene regulation are not yet fully understood. In this study, we report the design of a novel 5′ UTR, dual UTR, utilizing the transcriptional and translational characteristics of 5′ UTRs in a single expression cassette. The dual UTR consists of two 5′ UTRs, each separately leading to either increase in transcription or translation of the reporter, that are separated by a spacer region, enabling de novo translation initiation. We rationally create dual UTRs with a wide range of expression profiles and demonstrate the functionality of the novel design concept in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida using different promoter systems and coding sequences. Overall, we demonstrate the application potential of dual UTR design concept in various synthetic biology applications ranging from fine-tuning of gene expression to maximization of protein production.
Supplementation with calcium salts of cottonseed oil improves performance of Bos indicus animals consuming finishing diets1
Authors: Carvalho Marcos A A , Cappellozza Bruno I , Silva Bruna , Castro Thais S , Burim Marcos Renato , Cervieri Rafael C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Lipid ingredients are often used into feedlot cattle diets, primarily to increase energy density and improve efficiency parameters of the herd. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of including calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) and increasing levels of cottonseed byproducts into feedlot diets. On day 0 of the study, 96 Bos indicus bullocks were individually weighed twice and initial body weight (BW) was considered the average of both measurements (initial BW = 287 ± 22.4 kg). Bulls were ranked by initial BW, allocated into 1 of 12 feedlot pens (eight bulls per pen), and pens randomly assigned to one of three treatments: 1) inclusion of 15.0% [dry matter (DM) basis] of cottonseed byproducts into the finishing diet (CTS-15; n = 4), 2) inclusion of 22.0% (DM basis) of cottonseed byproducts into the finishing diet (CTS-22; n = 4), and 3) inclusion of 2.7% (DM basis) of CSFA of cottonseed oil into the finishing diet (CSFA; n = 4). The experimental period lasted 135 d and consisted of 5 d of preadaptation, 15 d of adaptation (ADP), 31 d of growing (GRO), and 84 d of finishing (FIN). Performance and carcass characteristics data were evaluated at the end of the experimental period. A treatment × period interaction was observed on total DM intake (DMI; P &lt; 0.0001), given that no treatment differences were observed during ADP (P &gt; 0.33), whereas CSFA-supplemented animals had a reduced DMI during GRO and FIN phases (P &lt; 0.05). When individual mean nutrient intake was evaluated, CSFA supplementation caused a reduction in crude protein and physically effective neutral detergent fiber intake (P ≤ 0.05), and tended to reduce metabolizable energy, net energy for maintenance and gain intake (P = 0.06). Additionally, CSFA inclusion or CTS increase into the diet did not affect final BW, BW change, average daily gain (ADG), hot carcass weight, carcass ADG, and yield gain (P ≥ 0.11). On the other hand, CSFA reduced DMI as percentage of BW and improved feed efficiency (FE; P &lt; 0.02) and also tended to improve biological conversion (BC; P = 0.07) versus CTS. Similarly, increasing CTS byproducts in the diet improved FE and BC (P = 0.02) but also tended to increase dressing percentage (DP; P = 0.08). In summary, including CSFA into feedlot diets reduced DMI but improved FE and BC of beef cattle, demonstrating the efficacy of this technology on feedlot beef cattle diets. Moreover, increasing cottonseed byproducts into the diets also benefited FE, BC, and DP of finishinw B. indicus cattle.
Evolving perspectives on stool testing for colorectal cancer: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Chin Yip Han , Ng Cheng Han , Seah Sherlyn Hui Yu , Jain Sneha Rajiv , Law Jia Hao , Devi M. Kamala , Chong Choon Seng 
Published: June 2020

Objectives
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths globally. A multitude of screening methods has been devised for early diagnosis, including the faecal immunochemical test (FIT). This qualitative review aims to discover the barriers and facilitators to the utility of the FIT from the general population’s perspective.

Methods
Authors searched five electronic bases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science) till December 2019. The search was conducted using key search terms and qualitative and mixed-method studies were included. Two independent reviewers screened articles and conducted quality appraisal. Data were synthesised thematically.

Results
A total of 11 articles that reported users’ views on FIT kits were included. Three themes were generated from the included articles: FIT kit factors, patients’ perception of colorectal cancer screening, and social health support system. The nature of the test and the supplementary information was found to affect the utilisation of the test. User’s awareness and perspectives towards cancer and screening were found to have impacted the adoption of the FIT kit. Social support and local healthcare systems were also found to have influenced the use of FIT.

Conclusion
This systematic review focuses on addressing and understanding the perception of FIT from first-hand accounts. Since its inception, FIT screening has increased colorectal cancer screening uptake due to its increased reliability and the simplicity of the test. However, there is a need to increase the uptake of FIT kits through increasing accessibility of the screening process and considering the holistic patient experience.
Anterior versus Posterior Scoring of Cartilage in Otoplasty: A Retrospective Patient-related Outcome Measurement Study
Authors: Smit Johannes A. , Coenen Dominique W. , van Amerongen Eline A. , Ruhé P. Quinten , Breugem Corstiaan C. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Various surgical techniques are applied to correct prominent ears. However, there are limited data on the effect of otoplasty on patient-related outcome measures, such as cold ears and cold intolerance. This retrospective cohort study describes the occurrence of cold intolerance in 98 patients, with a total of 196 ears in a single center during 6 years (2011–2017).

Methods:
In this study, 3 groups were identified: group I, anterior scoring of the cartilage (ie, Chong Chet); group II, posterior scoring of the cartilage and suture reposition of the cartilage; and group III, posterior approach without scoring (ie, Furnas and Mustardé). Parents of patients filled in a questionnaire with 40 questions to criticize the effect of surgery.

Results:
Symptoms of cold intolerance and pain were reported in 44.4% (n = 16) in the anterior scoring group, 48.1% (n = 26) in the posterior scoring group, and 62.5% (n = 5) in the posterior approach group without scoring of the cartilage (P = 0.68). The satisfaction rate was significantly lower in the posterior group without scoring (Likert scale of 17.44 ± 22.01 anterior scoring, 16.02 ± 18.13 posterior scoring, and 11.13 ± 25.87 posterior approach without scoring; P = 0.02).

Conclusions:
This study underscores the fact that a great part of patients after otoplasty report symptoms of cold intolerance; however, these most often resolve and did not differ between different groups. Patients should be informed about this sequela. Furthermore, overall satisfaction rate was significantly lower in the posterior group without scoring.
Effects of dapagliflozin and gliclazide on the cardiorenal axis in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: van Bommel Erik J.M. , Smits Mark M. , Ruiter Danique , Muskiet Marcel H.A. , Kramer Mark H.H. , Nieuwdorp Max , Touw Daan J. , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Joles Jaap A. , van Raalte Daniël H. 
Published: June 2020

Objectives:
There is a bidirectional relationship between cardiovascular and renal disease. The drug-class of SGLT2 inhibitors improves outcomes at both ends of this so called cardiorenal axis. We assessed the effects of SGLT2 inhibition and sulfonylurea treatment on systemic hemodynamic function and investigated whether SGLT2 inhibitor-induced changes in systemic hemodynamics correlate with changes in renal hemodynamics.

Methods:
Forty-four people with type 2 diabetes were randomized to 12 weeks of dapagliflozin 10 mg/day or gliclazide 30 mg/day treatment. Systemic hemodynamic function, autonomic nervous system activity, and vascular stiffness were measured noninvasively, whereas renal hemodynamics, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow, were assessed with gold-standard urinary clearances of inulin or iohexol and para-aminohippuric acid, respectively. Correlation analyses were performed to assess relationships between dapagliflozin-induced changes in cardiovascular and renal variables.

Results:
Dapagliflozin reduced stroke volume by 4%, cardiac output by 5%, vascular stiffness by 11%, and mean arterial pressure by 5% from baseline, without increasing heart rate or sympathetic activity, while simultaneously lowering glomerular filtration rate by 8%. Despite similar improvements in glycemic control by dapagliflozin and gliclazide (−0.5 ± 0.5 versus−0.7 ± 0.5%; P = 0.12), gliclazide did not affect any of these measurements. There was no clear association between the dapagliflozin-induced changes in cardiovascular and renal physiology.

Conclusion:
Dapagliflozin seemingly influences systemic and renal hemodynamics independently and beyond glucose lowering in people with type 2 diabetes.
This clinical trial was registered at https://clinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT02682563).