bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics Of The Priest Symbol At Hindu Community In Mataram City
Authors: Mawartini Ni Gusti Ayu Made , Vista Dewi Ida Ayu , Ditya Riskika Dewi Ni Nengah , Putriani Ni Gusti Ayu Nyoman 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian terhadap dinamika dalam simbol kependetaan pada masyarakat Hindu di Kota Mataram. Penelitian ini memokuskan permasalahan berkaitan dengan bagaimana deskripsi, apa fungsi, bagaimana dampak, dan apa makna dinamika sistem simbol kependetaan pada masyarakat Hindu di Kota Mataram? Penelitian ini dirancang dalam penelitian deskriptif interpretatif dengan menggunakan model studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan teknik reduksi data, display data, dan verifikasi data. Keabsahan data dicek dengan teknik pengujian kredibilitas, transferabilitas dan konfirmabilitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa dinamika simbol kependetaan di Kota Mataram mengalami perubahan yang awalnya menggunakan simbol masiwa-budha belakangan ini ada kecenderungan penggunaan simbol pendeta sarwa Sadhaka.. Fungsi dinamika simbol kependetaan di Kota Mataram, yaitu untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan pengembangan terhadap tugas dan wewenang seorang pendeta. Dampak dari dinamika sistem simbol kependetaan di Kota Mataram bertendensi menimbulkan dua fenomena, yaitu segregasi sosial dan polarisasi sosial. Makna dari dinamika simbol kependetaan terdiri dari makna religius, teologis, etis, mistis, solidaritas sosial, kultural dan ekonomis.
Effects of magnesite fertilization on soil properties and nutrition state of weakened Norway Spruce stands in the Śnieżnik Massif of Polish Eastern Sudety Mountains
Authors: Januszek Kazimierz , Wanic Tomasz , Małek Stanisław , Błońska Ewa , Jach Paweł , Kubala Dominik 
Published: May 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of fertilization with magnesite, 6 years after its application. The magnesite fertilizer was applied in amount of 2,000 kg·ha-1 in 2006. Fertilization covers the surface of 43 ha. Soil exploration in fertilized and unfertilized areas was carried out in August 2012. Needles and soil samples were collected for basic laboratory analysis. The effect of magnesite fertilization in soil was detected down to the B horizon. The principal excess of exchangeable magnesium (88%) was found in the surface organic horizon, while a substantial excess of total magnesium (57%) was detected in the top mineral horizon. The fertilization with magnesite caused the decreasing: acidity, ratio of calcium to magnesium in the absorption complex, supply of calcium in soil. Additionally, an increased magnesium supply in soil and its effect in the needles of the investigated spruce stands were noted. Research study confirm the usefulness of ground magnesite in elimination the deficit of magnesium in soils and needles of spruce stands in the Śnieżnik Massif for an extended period of time. Fertilization with magnesite at low doses may bring beneficial and quick effects to the health condition and productivity of spruce stands growing on soils well supplied with nitrogen.
Keywords: spruce stands decline; soil properties; fertilization with magnesite, spruce nutrition status.
Honeydew producing insects in some forests of Turkey and their potential to produce of honeydew honey
Authors: Ülgentürk Selma , Cosic Benjamin , Özdemir Işıl , İpek Ahmet , Sorkun Kadriye 
Published: May 2020

The commercial interest in honeydew honey is increasing because of its higher therapeutic properties than most flower-based honeys. Marchalina hellenica Gennadius (Hemiptera: Marchalinidae) is one of the important scale insects to produce of honeydew honey and its honeydew in large quantities is collected by honeybees and used in pine honey in Turkey. The aim of this study was to survey and identify honeydew producing insects’ habitats that source of honeydew honey in pure fir forest in Bolu, spruce forests in Giresun (Black Sea region), oaks forest in Kırklareli (Thracian region) and cedar forest in Antalya (Mediterranean region). In accordance with these results, we found 20 honeydew producers and among of them are Cinara cedri Mimeur on Cedrus libani, Marchalina caucasica Hadzibejli on Abies nordmanniana subsp nordmanniana, and Picea orientalis; Nemolecanium abietis Borchsenius, Physokermes hellenicus Kozẚr & Gounari and Schizolachnus pineti on Abies bornmuelleriana; Lachnus roboris Linnaeus and Parthenolecanium rufulum (Cockerell) on Quercus spp. and Castanea sativa; Metcalfa pruinosa Say (Hemiptera: Flatidae) and Ricania simulans (Walker) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae) on different host plants. All these insects produce large amount of honeydew depending on their population size. The article discusses the potential for these insects to produce honeydew honey.
Keywords: Picea orientalis, Abies nordmanniana, Ricania simulans, Eulecanium sericeum Metcalfa pruinosa, Marchalina caucasica
First report about occurance of Sphaeropsis visci on mistletoe (Viscum album L.) in Poland
Authors: Tkaczyk Miłosz , Sikora Katarzyna 
Published: May 2020

Mistletoe (Viscum album) is a semi-parasite of many forest trees. During water scarcity, its presence can be particularly dangerous for the host plant. In Poland, the subspecies V. album subsp. austriacum inhabits Scots pine massively. Therefore, an attempt was made to search for a natural barrier in limiting its development. For this purpose, in spring 2019 in the southwestern part of Poland, mistletoe shoots inhabiting Scots pine were collected. A fungus was isolated from the collected plant fragments, which was then identified by Koch's postulates and DNA analysis of the given sequences. The data presented here confirmed that the pathogen responsible for the disease was Sphaeropsis visci. This is the first report on the occurrence of this mistletoe pathogen in Poland.
Keywords: Sphaeropsis visci, Viscum album subsp. austriacum, New pathogen, Scots pine, Mistletoe
From Kerry to Chiconcuac: Marie Jones’s Stones in His Pockets and Sabina Berman’s eXtras
Authors: Bixler Jacqueline E. 
Published: May 2020

This article focuses on the Mexican play, eXtras, Sabina Berman's translation and adaptation of the Irish hit play Stones in His Pockets by Marie Jones. Linda Hutcheon, Thomas Leitch, and other contributors to adaptation studies shed light on the process used by Berman to tradapt and glocalize Stones in His Pockets for the Mexican stage, where the combined forces of Hollywood and globalization have likewise ravaged the local economy and where Jones' tragicomic story of exploitation and anonymization played every bit as well as it did in Ireland.
Science: Antiquity and its Legacy
Authors: Lang Philippa 
Published: May 2020

Modern science and its technology are the children of the seventeenth-century. Shedding fresh light on topics such as Euclid's geometry, Aristotelian physics and the proto-Darwinism of pre-Socratic thinkers like Empedocles, this work addresses the fascinating differences and similarities between ancient and modern conceptions of ‘science’.
Ancient science is a subject that commands extensive general interest. This is the first non-technical survey of the interface between ancient and modern science. It is aimed at crossover student sales in classics, the history of ideas and the history and philosophy of science. Modern science and its technology are the children of the seventeenth-century. But the bold investigative experimentation and scientific systems of thought that this era spawned were in turn thoroughly influenced by Greek and Roman authors and ideas. Xenophanes’ ideas about fossils informed the science of geology. Copernicus and his novel notion that the earth revolved around the sun, and not vice versa, were arguably influenced by the Samian philosopher and mathematician, Aristarchus. And the anatomists of Alexandria still – even today – have valuable insights to bring to current ethical discussions of vivisection and animal welfare. Shedding fresh light on topics such as Euclid’s geometry, Aristotelian physics and the proto-Darwinism of pre-Socratic thinkers like Empedocles, Philippa Lang addresses the fascinating differences and similarities between ancient and modern conceptions of ‘science’. She discusses the origins of the cosmos; natural laws in mathematics and physics; conceptions and philosophies of biology and disease; ideas about mechanistic science and technology as they have been used to control the societies of human beings; and the important nexus between science, morality and ethics.
Greek and Roman parallels illuminate and clarify the meaning of science itself.
Wallace’s Dialects
Authors: Shapiro Mary 
Published: May 2020

Mary Shapiro explores the use of regional and ethnic dialects in the works of David Foster Wallace, not just as a device used to add realism to dialogue, but as a vehicle for important social commentary about the role language plays in our daily lives, how we express personal identity, and how we navigate social relationships.
Wallace’s Dialectsstraddles the fields of linguistic criticism and folk linguistics, considering which linguistic variables of Jewish-American English, African-American English, Midwestern, Southern, and Boston regional dialects were salient enough for Wallace to represent, and how he showed the intersectionality of these with gender and social class. Wallace’s own use of language is examined with respect to how it encodes his identity as a white, male, economically privileged Midwesterner, while also foregrounding characteristic and distinctive idiolect features that allowed him to connect to readers across implied social boundaries.
A history of the concept of time of concentration
Authors: Beven Keith J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The concept of time of concentration in the analysis of catchment responses dates back over 150 years to the introduction of the rational method. Since then it has been used in a variety of ways in the formulation of both unit hydrograph and distributed catchment models. It is normally discussed in terms of the velocity of flow of a water particle from the furthest part of a catchment to the outlet. This is also the basis for the definition in the International Glossary of Hydrology. While conceptually simple, this definition is, however, wrong when applied to catchment responses where, in terms of how surface and subsurface flows produce hydrographs, it is more correct to discuss and teach the concept based on celerities and time to equilibrium. While this has been recognized since the 1960s, some recent papers and texts remain confused over the definition and use of the time of concentration concept. The paper sets out the history of its use and clarifies its relationship with time to equilibrium but suggests that both terms are not really useful in explaining hydrological responses. An Appendix is included that quantifies the differences between the definitions of response times for subsurface and surface flows under simple assumptions that might be useful in teaching.
El “problema de la mujer” y la reflexión en torno a la maternidad durante la República de Weimar y el nacionalsocialismo a través de la obra de Alice Rühle-Gerstel
Authors: Jacinto Montes Lizette 
Published: May 2020

Una de las consecuencias directas del nacionalsocialismo en Alemania fue la exclusión de ciertas autoras feministas que llevaban décadas reflexionando sobre “el segundo sexo”, la “cuestión femenina” o “el problema de la mujer” (Das Frauenproblem). Una de ellas es Alice Rühle Gerstel, nacida en Praga en 1894, radicada en Alemania durante la República de Weimar y quien finalmente se suicidó en 1943 en la Ciudad de México durante su exilio político iniciado en 1936. La importancia de esta autora radica en la posibilidad de rastrear a partir de su obra no solamente el ambiente intelectual y cultural ligado al feminismo en los países de lengua alemana durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, sino también los debates y discusiones en torno a los temas ‘mujer’ y ‘maternidad’. Sus aportes e incursión en el feminismo de principios de siglo XX serán abordados a partir de su reflexión interdisciplinaria y el uso del instrumental teórico del que tanto la psicología individual de Alfred Adler como el materialismo histórico de Karl Marx le proveyeron. Así, podemos concluir que la obra de Alice Rühle-Gerstel fue pionera en analizar y reflexionar en torno a la situación de la mujer en el espacio del habla alemana. No sobra decir que, además, este trabajo ofrece el contexto general en que se desarrolló el pensamiento de Rühle-Gerstel durante la época de la República de Weimar, así como la censura que sufrió su obra y finalmente el olvido de la que fue objeto a partir del ascenso del nacionalsocialismo.
Coconut Phospholipid Species: Isolation, Characterization and Application as Drug Delivery System
Authors: Hudiyanti Dwi , Kamila Nur , Kusuma Wardani Febriani , Anam Khairul 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study was to isolate the ethanolamine species of coconut phospholipid and to investigate their potency as drug delivery system by using it to encapsulate vitamin C. The study consisted of two stages: the first stage was isolation and characterization of coconut phosphatidylethanolamine species; and the second stage was utilization of coconut phosphatidylethanolamine liposomes to encapsulate vitamin C. A dark brown gel of coconut phosphatidylethanolamine species (CocoPEs) was isolated from dried coconut meat (9.3×10−3%, w/w). At least 15 species were found in coconut phosphatidylethanolamine. The fatty acyl chains of the species were capric, linoleic, oleic, stearic and arachidic acyl chains. At least four different phases were identified on CocoPEs i.e. planar-shape gel phase, rippling phase, liquid crystal phase and hexagonal phase. The temperature (Tp) was at 25.29°C for changing from planar-shaped gel to rippling phase, 32.62°C (Tm) for major transition from gel to liquid crystal, and 65.53°C (Th) from liquid crystal to hexagonal phase. All of CocoPEs liposomes encapsulation efficiency with cholesterol concentration up to 30% were above 80%. CocoPEs showed great potency as encapsulation material. It had high encapsulation efficiency and addition of cholesterol to the liposome membrane only slightly reduced the efficiency.
Shear force‐deformation relationship of concrete‐filled square steel tube beam‐columns under monotonic lateral loading
Authors: Fukumoto Toshiyuki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a simplified multi‐linear model of a shear force‐deformation relationship for concrete‐filled square steel tube short to slender beam‐columns. To evaluate the behavior of short to slender beam‐columns with a single model, the column member is divided into elasto‐plastic part and an elastic part. For the elasto‐plastic part, the deformation at each point is calculated based on the bending moment‐curvature relation model proposed by the author and by employing a newly proposed evaluation formula for curvature magnification. Predictions from the model are found to agree approximately with the experimental results up to large deformations.
Do details bug you? Effects of perceptual richness in learning about biological change
Authors: Menendez David , Rosengren Karl S. , Alibali Martha W. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryPeople often have difficulty in understanding processes of biological change, and they typically reject drastic life cycle changes such as metamorphosis, except for animals with which they are familiar. Even after a lesson about metamorphosis, people often do not generalize to animals not seen during the lesson. This might be partially due to the perceptual richness of the diagrams typically used during lessons on metamorphosis, which serves to emphasize the individual animal rather than a class of animals. In two studies, we examined whether the perceptual richness of a diagram influences adults' learning and transfer of knowledge about metamorphosis. One study was conducted in a laboratory setting, and the other was online. In both studies, adults who saw the bland diagram during the lesson accurately transferred more than adults who saw the rich diagram during the lesson.
SARS‐CoV‐2 Virulence: Interplay of Floating Virus‐Laden Particles, Climate, and Humans
Authors: Hosseini Vahid 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith the emergence of COVID‐19, it is important to address the possible scenarios of SARS‐CoV‐2 virulence. Although several researchers have addressed the possible mechanisms of enveloped virus transfection, for example, influenza, here, the relationship between exhaled virus laden‐particles, the climate, and transfection probability is discussed by interpreting the findings of prior studies. Importantly, the higher probability of viral transfection in cold and dry public spaces such as near cold shelves of groceries is illustrated. Thus, additional protective measures in such spaces are recommended.
Simple Method to Obtain Large‐Size Single‐Crystalline Oxide Sheets
Authors: Gu Ke , Katayama Tsukasa , Yasui Shintaro , Chikamatsu Akira , Yasuhara Sou , Itoh Mitsuru , Hasegawa Tetsuya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSynthetic techniques to prepare large‐size, flexible, and high‐quality single‐crystalline sheets of transition metal oxides are crucial to developing low‐energy consumption devices. One promising way is a lift‐off and transfer technique using a heterostructure of polymer supporting oxide and Sr3Al2O6 (SAO) layers grown on a single‐crystalline substrate. By removing the water‐soluble SAO and the supporting layers, the oxide sheet is obtained. Although some ferroelectric flexible sheets are prepared by this method, a simpler method for obtaining large‐size sheets is required. Herein, a lift‐off and transfer method is proposed without a supporting layer. With this simple method, single‐crystalline SrRuO3 and BaTiO3 flexible sheets with a lateral size of a few millimeters are successfully prepared. The SrRuO3 sheet exhibits high crystallinity and conductivity. Meanwhile, the ferroelectricity of the BaTiO3 sheet is successfully observed via polarization hysteresis loop measurements. In addition to the simplicity, this method has low costs and the substrate is reusable. Accordingly, the proposed method could enhance the development of various kinds of large‐size functional oxide sheets.
Complementary n‐Type and p‐Type Graphene Films for High Power Factor Thermoelectric Generators
Authors: Novak Travis G. , Kim Jin , Kim Jungmo , Tiwari Anand P. , Shin Hosun , Song Jae Yong , Jeon Seokwoo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSolution‐phase exfoliated graphene has always been an attractive material for flexible thermoelectric applications, but traditional oxidative routes suffer from poor flake quality and a lack of quality doping techniques to make complementary n‐type and p‐type films. Here, it is demonstrated that by changing the adsorbed surfactant during the intercalation‐exfoliation process (polyvinylpyrrolidone for n‐type, pyrenebutyric acid for p‐type), both extremely high electrical conductivity (3010 and 2330 S cm−1) and high Seebeck coefficients (53.1 and −45.5 µV K−1) can be achieved. The result is that both of these films show remarkable power factors, over 600 µW m−1 K−2 at room temperature, which is over an order of magnitude better than that in previous works demonstrating complementary n‐type and p‐type graphene thermoelectric films. Based on these films, a full all‐graphene thermoelectric device is constructed as a proof of concept, where a peak power of 5.0 nW is recorded at a temperature difference of 50 K.
Doping Dependent In‐Plane and Cross‐Plane Thermoelectric Performance of Thin n‐Type Polymer P(NDI2OD‐T2) Films
Authors: Kluge Regina M. , Saxena Nitin , Chen Wei , Körstgens Volker , Schwartzkopf Matthias , Zhong Qi , Roth Stephan V. , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThermoelectric generators pose a promising approach in renewable energies as they can convert waste heat into electricity. In order to build high efficiency devices, suitable thermoelectric materials, both n‐ and p‐type, are needed. Here, the n‐type high‐mobility polymer poly[N,N′‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)naphthalene‐1,4,5,8‐bis(dicarboximide)‐2,6‐diyl]‐alt‐5,5′‐(2,2′‐bithiophene) (P(NDI2OD‐T2)) is focused upon. Via solution doping with 4‐(1,3‐dimethyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzoimidazol‐2‐yl)‐N,N‐diphenylaniline (N‐DPBI), a maximum power factor of (1.84 ± 0.13) µW K−2 m−1 is achieved in an in‐plane geometry for 5 wt% dopant concentration. Additionally, UV–vis spectroscopy and grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering are applied to elucidate the mechanisms of the doping process and to explain the discrepancy in thermoelectric performance depending on the charge carriers being either transported in‐plane or cross‐plane. Morphological changes are found such that the crystallites, built‐up by extended polymer chains interacting via lamellar and π–π stacking, re‐arrange from face‐ to edge‐on orientation upon doping. At high doping concentrations, dopant molecules disturb the crystallinity of the polymer, hindering charge transport and leading to a decreased power factor at high dopant concentrations. These observations explain why an intermediate doping concentration of N‐DPBI leads to an optimized thermoelectric performance of P(NDI2OD‐T2) in an in‐plane geometry as compared to the cross‐plane case.
Spectrally Selective and Highly Sensitive UV Photodetection with UV‐A,C Band Specific Polarity Switching in Silver Plasmonic Nanoparticle Enhanced Gallium Oxide Thin‐Film
Authors: Arora Kanika , Singh Dhruv P. , Fischer Peer , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTraditional photodetectors generally show a unipolar photocurrent response when illuminated with light of wavelength equal or shorter than the optical bandgap. Here, it is reported that a thin film of gallium oxide (GO) decorated with plasmonic nanoparticles, surprisingly, exhibits a change in the polarity of the photocurrent for different UV bands. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are vacuum‐deposited onto β‐Ga2O3 and the AgNP@GO thin films show a record responsivity of 250 A W−1, which significantly outperforms bare GO planar photodetectors. The photoresponsivity reverses sign from +157 µA W−1 in the UV‐C band under unbiased operation to −353 µA W−1 in the UV‐A band. The current reversal is rationalized by considering the charge dynamics stemming from hot electrons generated when the incident light excites a local surface plasmon resonance in the Ag nanoparticles. The Ag nanoparticles improve the external quantum efficiency and detectivity by nearly one order of magnitude with high values of 1.2 × 105 and 3.4 × 1014 Jones, respectively. This plasmon‐enhanced solar blind GO detector allows UV regions to be spectrally distinguished, which is useful for the development of sensitive dynamic imaging photodetectors.
Emission Direction‐Tunable Liquid Crystal Laser
Authors: Cho SeongYong , Yoshida Hiroyuki , Ozaki Masanori 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPhotonic crystal lasers possessing tailored lasing characteristics have attracted significant attention for various applications such as holography, optical communications, and LiDARs. Liquid‐crystal‐based photonic crystals are actively investigated to realize tunable lasers capable of controlling the emission wavelength, but it is a challenge to realize lasers with the capability to tune the emission direction. Here, a photonic band‐edge laser with tunable output direction is reported based on an engineered cholesteric liquid crystal with a slanted helical structure. In addition to the modulation of the director along the helical axis of the liquid crystal, a fine‐pitch modulation is introduced in the direction perpendicular to the helical axis, so that the photonic band‐edge is shifted away from the helical axis. By doping a dye in the liquid crystal, a microlaser that emits at an angle of ≈30° to the surface normal is realized. Further, control of the emission angle is achieved by modulating the periodicity of the photonic structure by an external stimulus. This work shows that organic microlasers with inexpensive fabrication methods can be engineered to possess advanced functionality such as beam‐scanning.