bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on outcome of N-acetylcysteine in rodenticide poisoning cases in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Padmavathi K. , Rajalakshmi R. , Dhivya G. , Kamalavarshini P. , Umarani R. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Rodenticide is one of the pesticides and heterogeneous substances used to kill rats. Rodenticide poisoning is the major health problem in Asian countries, particularly mode of self-poisoning, prevalent in India. It causes hepatotoxicity and no antidote has been found. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a powerful antioxidant and used in the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. The aim of the study is to find the outcome of use of NAC in rodenticide poisoning. The main objectives of this study were to determine the role of NAC in liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients. Methods: A record based observational study was conducted for the period of 3 months from August 2019 to October 2019 at Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu. Data were collected according to the proforma designed and results were analyzed using standard methods.Results: Out of 50 patients, 21 (42%) were males and 29 (58%) were females. Age group between 21-30 years contributes the highest 20 (40%). Majority of type of rodenticide compound consumed by patients were paste 29 (58%) and less than four hours 34 (68%) patients were admitted. Patients with abnormal liver functions were tested, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/ aspartate aminotransferase -12 patients, 7 treated with NAC. serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase/ alanine aminotransferase - 9 patients, 2 treated with NAC. 37 (74%) were recovered out of 50 (100%), among them 28 (56%) treated with NAC.Conclusions: In liver impairment rodenticide poisoning patients, early use of NAC shows a significant result and the rate of recovery is also high.
A comparative study of tapentadol versus tramadol in the treatment of low back pain
Authors: Verma Laxman , Chaudhary Pankaj Kumar , Gupta Chandresh , Saroj Umesh 
Published: June 2020

Background: Nontraumatic musculoskeletal disorders are the main reason for presentation to the emergency department with Rachialgia being the most common reason to request medical assessment among them. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, parallel group open labelled study conducted in a district level tertiary care hospital attached to a medical teaching institute. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group I (63 patients) received tablet tramadol 50 mg twice daily orally and group II (63 patients) received tablet tapentadol 50 mg twice daily orally.Results: The mean age of the patients of group I was 40.6±9.6 years and in the group II was 42.7±10.6 years. A total of 61 males participated in the study of which 31 males were enrolled in group I and 30 in group II while 65 females participated in the study of which 32 females were enrolled in group I and 33 in group II. The mean reduction of pain intensity VAS score at the end of 4 weeks from baseline in group I and group II were 34.57 and 37.55 respectively. The difference in the mean reduction of pain intensity VAS between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions: We conclude that both the drugs show significant reduction in the pain intensity in moderate to severe CLBP patients. Tapentadol is as efficacious as tramadol in moderate to severe CLBP. However, tapentadol is better tolerated than tramadol.
Assessment of knowledge on pharmacotherapeutics among undergraduate medical students in a South Indian medical college
Authors: Palacherla Surekha , Mattam Bheemesh Naidu , Burli Kodanda Ramu , Moorthy Sachidananda 
Published: June 2020

Background: Pharmacotherapeutics knowledge is important for rational drug therapy. Assessment of knowledge on emergency and non-emergency medical conditions in medical students will be helpful to develop a methodological approach in building knowledge on patient care and in improving quality of medical education.Methods: It was a questionnaire based cross- sectional study conducted among undergraduate medical students in MIMS college after taking Institutional ethical committee permission. The students of final MBBS part-I and final MBBS part-II and house surgeons were given semi-structured questionnaires. It constitutes questions on awareness of pharmacotherapeutics of non-emergency (20) and emergency (8) medical conditions.Results: Received a total of 284 responses, of them 43.32%, 39.43% and 17.25% are from final MBBS part-I, final MBBS part-II and house surgeons respectively. 48.1% students agreed that undergraduate training sufficient to confidently give a safe prescription to the patient. The overall knowledge of the students in pharmacotherapeutics relating to certain non-emergency conditions is found to be 64.89% and relating to emergency conditions, it is 62.98%.Conclusions: Knowledge on emergency and non-emergency PT is moderate. Appropriate training programs are needed to improve this situation. Regular evaluative measures also help to overcome the present situation.
Role of acoustic radiation force impulse elastography, aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and fibrotest for the assessment of significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in chronic liver disease
Authors: Rijhwani Anurag , Mohanani Laxmi , Chouhan Ankit Ranjitsinh , Khatri Nikunj M. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Accurate grading of hepatic fibrosis is important for the application of appropriate intervening strategy. Liver biopsy is the golden standard of fibrotic grading, however wide clinical application is hindered by its inherent drawbacks. Biomechanical-based ultrasonic elastography has received mass attention. However, several clinical studies found that the sole application of ultrasonic elastography may bring evident errors in diagnosing hepatic fibrosis. It is suggested that a combination of ultrasonic elastography and serum liver functions tests holds the potential to overcome those disadvantages. Aims and objectives was to study the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography elastography, APRI, fibrotest for significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver disease and established the correlation between ARFI elastography, APRI, Fibrotest in grading of liver fibrosisMethods: Sixty three patients with chronic liver disease were studied. Liver stiffness was evaluated with ARFI elastography. Histologic staging of liver fibrosis served as the reference standard except a very few cirrhotic patients who were graded as cirrhotic on the basis of clinical examination. The required APRI, Fibrotest parameters and relevant clinical history was recorded. Fibrosis stage was assessed according to the METAVIR classification.Results: ARFI, APRI, and Fibrotest demonstrated a significant correlation with the histological stage. According to ARFI and APRI for evaluating fibrotic stages more than F2, ARFI showed an enhanced diagnostic accuracy than APRI. The combined measurement of ARFI and APRI exhibited better accuracy than ARFI alone when evaluating ≥ F2 fibrotic stage that showed significant concordance i.e. 79.3% cases, out of which 69.8% of total cases were correctly diagnosed on comparison with the gold standard. Fibrotest and ARFI elastography show significant concordance in grading of fibrosis i.e. 82.5%. Cases out of which 68.3% of total cases were correctly diagnosed on comparison with the gold standard.Conclusions: APRI, ARFI, and fibrotest are novel tools among non-invasive modalities to rule out significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver disease. ARFI with APRI and ARFI with fibrotest showed enhanced diagnostic accuracy than ARFI or APRI or fibrotest alone for significant liver fibrosis.
Type B congenital pyloric atresia: a case report
Authors: Singh Dikshant , Kumar T. Seetam , Sen Jyotsna 
Published: June 2020

This is a case of congenital pyloric atresia type B not associated with any other anomaly rare condition, seen as an isolated anomaly with excellent prognosis) of two days female child presenting with vomiting since birth. X-ray abdomen showed only stomach air bubble, sonography showed distended stomach with echoes and on barium meal no passage of contrast was seen beyond pyloric antrum even after 24 hours. Patient underwent Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty and postoperative recovery was uneventful.
Evaluation of effectiveness of COVID-19 training of tertiary health care workers
Authors: Thakre Sushama S. , Thakre Subhash B. , Jadhao Ashok , Dass Ruhi , Dhoble Manjusha A. , Tiwari Priti N. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people or patients with co-morbidities have been observed to develop a serious illness. Figures from health resources and media reports show high proportion of infection rates and deaths amongst the health care workers (HCW). Thus, a training was conducted to assess the knowledge of the health care workers regarding coronavirus infection and their preparedness to fight against the ongoing pandemic.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur. This study was carried out from 26th March to 24th April 2020. Total 486 participants (health care workers) who were present at the time of pre-test and post-test during the training were included.Results: In the present study, all the 486 participants filled the pre-test and post -test forms. The mean pre-test and post test scores of all the participants were found to be 17.73 (±5.004 SD) and 20.93 (±5.033 SD) respectively. The difference between the means was observed to be significant.Conclusions: This study reflects that the training was quite effective which is evident from the pre-test and post-test assessment among the health care workers. But there is a need to create higher level of awareness amongst the younger group of doctors as they are the backbone of health care system.
Prevalence of stress among police worker: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Raju Somesh , Kumari Rina , Tiwari Sunita 
Published: June 2020

Background: Globally, police work is considered to be one of the stressful occupations. They deal on a regular basis with an assortment of unique situations and stressors. Long working hours, irregular eating habits, shift duties and disturbed personal life produces stress in the police officer’s life. Aims: To assess the prevalence of stress in police worker and to see the association of stress with different variable.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study conducted on 245 police personal working at provincial armed constabulary (PAC), Sitapur. After informed consent, demographic data of individual such as age, duration of service, nature of duties, types of foods were recorded. Anthropometric parameters were measured using standardized techniques. Stresses of subjects were recorded through pre structured questionnaire. Available data analyze by using chi-square test to see significance of association with different variables.Results: In this study mean age of individual was 40.34±8.23 and mean duration of service was 23.29±8.49. Majority (95.92%) of police worker were involved in shift duty and only 4.08 percent of individual involved in office work. 31.84% of subjects were having mild stress, 16.73% were having moderate and only 0.41% were having severe stress. Association of stress with duration of service or nature of job was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Stress level is high among police personnel. Different associated factor related to stress like faulty food habits and shift work need implementation of regular counselling and stress management program can help to reduce their stress.
Preference of tertiary care centres over peripheral health centres for routine NCD care: a cross-sectional study in hypertensive and diabetic individuals
Authors: Majgi Sumanth Maliikarjuna , S. Swathi Kamal 
Published: June 2020

Background: Although there is a program for non-communicable diseases (NCD) control and facilities for their management at the peripheral health centres (PHCs), many patients visit tertiary health care centres (THCs), spending 25 -35% of their income for health care on a long term basis for routine NCD care. Objective of the study was to identify the reasons for these patients not visiting the nearest PHC facility and to estimate the money and the time spent by the patients visiting the THC for such unwarranted visits.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 207 patients with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension at Medicine OPD at K. R. Hospital, Mysuru, THC and the patients were interviewed with the help of a questionnaire.Results: All 207 (100%) were routine NCD care. 44% of the participants stated that they felt satisfied with services at THC while 5.8% had no specific reason to state for choosing to seek NCD care at THCs. Also, many patients are not aware of the facilities available at the PHC and hence visit THCs, even for routine NCD care. The average overall expense incurred per person per visit to the THC was approximately Rs. 640. The costs incurred on transportation and on drugs were statistically significant. The major contributing component for the total expense incurred was found to be the money spent on the drugs.Conclusions: Strengthening health systems are recommended by improvement in availability and prescription of essential NCD drugs along with creating awareness about various government schemes that offer good financial coverage for the poor households.
Awareness and practices of biomedical waste management in government health care facilities in Kamrup District, Assam
Authors: Ojah Jutika , Sharma Rakesh 
Published: June 2020

Background: Biomedical waste (BMW) is waste generated in the course of healthcare activities. It is a matter of serious concern to health and environment agencies. Objectives of the study was to assess awareness and practice of healthcare personnels regarding biomedical waste management (BMWM) in government healthcare facilities (HCF) in Kamrup district and to assess training given to healthcare workers involved in BMWM.Methods: The present study was undertaken in 109 HCF in Kamrup District, Assam. The study duration was for one year and the study population included were healthcare workers (HCW) with the help of a pretested interview schedule to elicit the knowledge of BMW management. An observatory checklist was also used to find out the practices.Results: About one-fourth of 218 respondents belonged to age group 26-30 years. Half of the respondents were nurses, 17.9% were doctors, 12.8% were pharmacists and 8.3% were waste handlers. Majority (78.4%) were aware of BMWM rules. Awareness on hazardness of healthcare waste, segregation of waste, maximum storage time of hospital waste, awareness about availability of training on healthcare waste management were found to be more among the doctors (84.6%, 79.4%, 56.4%, 82.1% respectively) and less among waste handlers (44.4%, 33.3%, 38.9%, 44.4% respectively). Only 40.8% were trained. The practice of disposing BMW in specified colour coded containers were done by 56.4% HCW. Out of 18 waste handlers, only 16.7% had the practice of wearing all the personal protective equipments (PPE) while handling BMW. All total 59.6% HCW had been vaccinated against Hepatitis B.Tetanus vaccination was taken by 77.5% HCW.Conclusions: Sensitization and training in accredited centres for HCW should be done regularly to develop awareness and motivation. Continuous monitoring and inspection of HCF need to be done.
Home quarantine: why the preference
Authors: Dkhar Sabira Aalia , Quansar Ruqia 
Published: June 2020

In the existing pandemic of COVID-19, we have been hearing a lot about quarantine. Quarantine is to isolate from normal relations and routine activities or communication and is recommended for apparently healthy people who may have been exposed to the virus (suspects) and may potentially transmit the same to others. These healthy individuals may fall sick due to possible exposure and are therefore advised to go on self-quarantine or may be ordered by state or local administration to stay at home or in facilities like hospitals (public or private), hotels, schools, worship places etc. to isolate them from normal relations in order to prevent transmission of virus to others. Quarantine can be unpleasant and lasts for 14 days which is the presumed incubation period for the virus.
Morphological study of middle cardiac vein in human hearts of north western UP and its application for interventional procedure
Authors: Agarwal Jolly , Agarwal Anurag , Sinha D N , Kumar Virendra 
Published: June 2020

The aim of present study was to study morphology of middle cardiac vein in human hearts. The study was conducted on middle cardiac vein of thirty human hearts with due clearance from ethical committee. The mean diameter of middle cardiac vein was 2.57 1.16 mm and the mean length was 74.69 ± 21.10 mm. There was also statistically significant relationship between length of middle cardiac vein and weight of cadaver. In some hearts middle cardiac vein and small cardiac vein together form common trunk and then drain into coronary sinus. Middle cardiac vein can be used for radio frequency ablation of a posteroseptal pathway. It can also be used for newer interventional technique such as selective catheterization. It may be one of the choices of implantation of pacing leads.
Assessment of cardiac autonomic activity by studying heart rate variability in adult psychiatric patients subjected to electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Singh Sagoo Harinder , Gulrez Amit , Pramod John 
Published: June 2020

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a crucial role in normal functioning of the heart and is responsible for normal cardiac variability, which can be studied by recording (HRV) heart rate variability. HRV is an excellent, noninvasive tool used to show variation over time of period between consecutive heart beats and for assessment of cardiovascular regulation of ANS. Available literature is insufficient to document effect of Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on HRV in psychiatry patients. To explore the effect of ECT on HRV with a view to assess the safety of ECT in various age groups of patients requiring ECT. This Non-Randomized comparison study without a control was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Ludhiana Punjab in 100 cases of ECT over a period of 2 years. A detailed general physical examination as well as systemic examination was done and observations were documented. Each patient was screened for indication for the ECT by the Psychiatrist. HR prior to ECT and HRV in immediate post procedure period were noted. This study indicates that heart rate increased significantly after ECT but this variation remains within the homeostatic limits. Although the study shows safety of ECT in psychiatric patients, it would be advisable to monitor HRV in ECT given in pre-existing cardiac illness.
A cross sectional study of pulmonary function tests in street cleaners of Udaipur region
Authors: Sharma Meghshyam , Nepalia Raghav 
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study was to compare the respiratory symptoms and pulmonary functions of dust-exposed street sweepers with those of unexposed individuals. This Cross Sectional Study was done in the Department of Physiology, RNT Medical College, Udaipur. 84 individuals were selected via simple random sampling. These sweepers worked 8 h each day, 6 days a week, without using respiratory protective equipment. In addition to the exposure group, 80 employees with no occupational exposure to respiratory pollutants were randomly chosen from the office workers in the municipality as the control group. Participants underwent detailed direct interview, providing information of chronic respiratory symptoms, cigarette smoking, exercise history & occupational exposure along with complete physical examination. non-smoker Street cleaners and non-smoker Control subjects are similar in Anthropometric terms like Age, Height and Weight. While there is statistically significant decrease in PEFR, FEV1 and FEF 25%-75% with FVC not decreased significantly among these groups. It means that non-smoker Street cleaners who were working for more than five years had developed Obstructive pattern(FEV1/ FVC ratio &#60;80%) impairment of Lung functions. smoker Street cleaners and smoker Control subjects are similar in term of Age, Height and Weight. There is significant decrease in FEV1 and FEF 25%-75% while FVC is not changed significantly among these two groups. It means that smoker Street cleaners who were working for more than last five years had also developed Obstructive pattern (FEV1/ FVC ratio &#60;80%) impairment of Lung functions.In conclusion, it may be said that exposure to dust in sweepers has an immediate irritating effect on the respiratory tract, leading to some degree of lung function impairment.
Locating the perforators of the trapezius muscle with doppler ultrasound
Authors: Manyacka Ma Nyemb Philippe , Demondion Xavier , Fontaine Christian , Ndong Abdourahmane 
Published: June 2020

Surgery that incorporates perforator flaps has developed rapidly in recent years. However, this type of surgery is hindered by anatomical variations in the location of the perforating arteries. These anatomical variations require preoperative imaging to plan the surgery properly. Through a Doppler ultrasound study of living subjects, the authors aim to map the perforators of the trapezius muscle. Doppler color ultrasound was carried out in 22 healthy volunteers over the integuments covering the trapezius muscle. Using bone landmarks (spinous process line, inferior angle and spine of the scapula), all the identified perforators were inventoried based on their location, dimensions and direction.Fourteen women and eight men were included in the study. Their mean age was 25.8 years and their mean height was 1.74 meters. The average number of perforators found on each side of the spinous process line was 10.64. The mean diameter of these perforators was 0.82 millimeters.Preoperative Doppler ultrasound is useful for surgeons using trapezius perforator flaps, as it can accurately specify the location, diameter, trajectory of a perforator, and in a more general manner, its reliability.
A cadaveric study of the Arcade of Frohse
Authors: Vijaya Lakshmi Gaddam , Paul Laigy , Alex Lizamma 
Published: June 2020

Arcade of Frohse (AF) is the free aponeurotic proximal edge of the superficial part of supinator muscle. The posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) passes deep to it before entering supinator muscle. AF is the most frequent cause of PIN compression and radial tunnel syndrome. Knowledge of anatomy of AF is essential for surgeons while performing PIN decompression surgery. To study the morphology and morphometry of Arcade of Frohse. The descriptive study was carried out in the department of anatomy on the cadavers that were routinely used for undergraduate education. The AF was dissected out and studied in 60 upper limbs of adult human cadavers. Its shape and consistency were studied. The length, width and thickness of the arcade were measured using Vernier’s callipers. : All measurements were recorded in mm and analysed using range, mean and standard deviation. The shape of the arcade was semicircular in 13%, semi-oval in 17% and oblique elongated in 70%. The arcade was tendinous in 80% and membranous in 20%. The mean length, width and thickness of AF are respectively 13.1± 2.64 mm, 10.21± 2.57 mm and 0.43± 0.37 mm respectively. Three types of morphology of AF have been identified based on the shape of the arcade. Tendinous AF was four times commoner than the membranous. The arcade had an average length, width and thickness of 13 mm, 10 mm and 0.4 mm respectively.