bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hematological and biochemical studies on hemodylitic patients at the Government General Hospital, Wadi Al-Dawaser
Authors: Nassar Somia A. , Yehia Zeinb A. , Alnami Alaa A. , Aldosari Alanood N. , Abdullah Sara M. , Aldosari Haya N. 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Renal failure is a slowly progressive disease of kidney, characterized by low glomerular filtration. One of the most important replacement therapy of renal failure is hemodialysis which helping in the removal of toxic fluids and metabolic end products from the body.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was carried out on 43 patients with renal failure in the dialysis unit of Wadi Al-Dawaser General Hospital. Patients were 25 males and 18 females, randomly selected for the study between September and November 2018. Blood samples were obtained from all patients pre and post dialysis for serum biochemical analysis including kidney function test, liver function, lipid profile, glucose, electrolytes, while blood sample with anticoagulants collected pre dialysis for complete blood picture. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The hemogram parameters recorded significant decrease while leuckogram insignificantly increase specially eosinophils, in pre-dialysis patients. Serum biochemical parameters were significantly high pre-dialysis recorded 83.7%, 97.7%, 21% for urea, creatinine and uric acid respectively, while significantly decrease post dialysis. In contrast serum glucose and magnesium levels were significantly high pre and post dialysis. As result of decrease of the erythropoietin production in chronic renal failure patients lower hematological indices, increase the risk of anemia are main results.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Dialysis improve the biochemical parameters of serum especially creatinine and urea while glucose and magnesium not improved.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
A study on the effect of grommet as partial ossicular replacement prosthesis in type III tympanoplasty in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Prakash M. D. , Joy Lyra , Jose Priya 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media (COM) with or without cholesteatoma causes ossicular erosion/ destruction which leads to conductive hearing loss. Ossiculoplasty is to reconstruct the hearing mechanism in ear after eliminating the disease from the middle ear. In our study we used ventilation tubes or grommet as partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) for the reconstruction of the ossicular chain especially when the stapes is mobile. The objective of the study is to assess the degree of hearing improvement by using grommet as PORP in type III tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was an observational study from July 2018 to July 2019. 20 patients with COM undergoing canal wall up or canal wall down mastoidectomy with intraoperative ossicular chain erosion with intact stapes suprastructure were included in this study. Post-operative hearing gain and graft uptake was assessed at 3<sup>rd</sup> month. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among these 20 patients 15 underwent canal wall up mastoidectomy with type III tympanoplasty and 5 underwent canal wall down procedure with type III tympanoplasty. Incus was eroded in 17 cases, malleus in 2 cases and malleus with incus eroded in 1 case. The pre op average airborne gap was 38 dB and mean improvement of 12 dB was observed at third month.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Grommet tube used as PORP is an effective alternative in the reconstruction of ossicular chain with good hearing improvement.</p>
The Role of Parents' Socio-Economic Conditions Against Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Students
Authors: Nugraheni Anna Fista , Hidayana Avita Febri 
Published: January 2020

One of the factors that influence children's development is the parents' socioeconomic status. Some students are revealed to have mathematics learning outcomes that have not yet reached the Minimum Mastery Criteria (Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal or KKM). It might occur due to the economic conditions of parents. Therefore, the researchers desired to determine the effect of parents' socioeconomic status on the learning outcomes of students in the fifth-grade of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (Islamic Elementary School or MI) Islamiyah Karangpakel. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of parents' socioeconomic status on student mathematics learning outcomes at Islamiyah Karangpakel. Questionnaires and documentation were used as data collection techniques. The study was conducted by quantitative methods with the type of expost de facto. The study population consisted of students in the fifth grade of MI Islamiyah Karangpakel, with a total of 20 students. The data analysis technique used Simple Linear Regression and was assisted by SPSS 16.0. Based on the calculation of the significance level of 5%, it indicates that the influence of parents' socioeconomic status on student mathematics learning outcomes was in precentage 41,4%, or has sufficient influence while other variables or factors influence the rest. Thus, it can be concluded that the influence of parents' social economic status influences students’ mathematics learning outcomes.
ENSINO MÉDIO BRASILEIRO: dualidade, diferenciação e desigualdade social
Authors: Araújo Ronaldo Marcos de Lima 
Published: January 2020

O texto analisa a reforma em curso do ensino médio brasileiro. Problematiza a produção da área de trabalho e educação que, no Brasil, tem enfatizado o uso do conceito de dualidade para explicar o Ensino Médio; identifica a introdução desse conceito na literatura brasileira e suas influências teóricas; a partir do que defende a sua validade, porém também a sua insuficiência. Tomando o conceito de desigualdade como referência adicional conclui que a reforma tende a promover maior diferenciação escolar, hierarquizando as escolas e precarizando ainda mais a formação oferecida pelas escolas públicas de Ensino Médio das redes estaduais, aprofundando as desigualdades educacionais e embargando o futuro dos jovens pobres.Palavras-chave: Ensino Médio. Reforma do Ensino Médio. Dualidade educacional. Desigualdade. Diferenciação escolar.BRAZILIAN SECONDARY SCHOOL: dualism, difference and social inequalitiesAbstractAnalyses the ongoing reform of Brazilian high school considering the increase in school differentiation that it tends to produce. Problematizes the production of the area of work and education, has emphasized the use of the concept of duality to explain the Secondary School; identifies the introduction of this concept in Brazilian literature and its theoretical influences; from what it defends its validity, but also its insufficiency. Also taking the concept of inequality as an additional reference concludes that the reform tends to deepen the educational inequalities, hierarchizing the schools and precarious even more the training offered by public high schools of the state networks, making it difficult to the future of poor young people.Keywords: Secondary School. High School Reform. Educational Duality. Inequality. School Differentiation.ESCUELA SECUNDARIA BRASILEÑA: dualidad, diferenciación y desigualdad socialResumenEl texto analiza la reforma en curso de la escuela secundaria brasileña. Problematiza la producción del área de trabajo y la educación que, en Brasil, ha enfatizado el uso del concepto de dualidad para explicar la escuela secundaria; identifica la introducción de este concepto en la literatura brasileña y sus influencias teóricas; de lo que defiende su validez, pero también su insuficiencia. Tomando el concepto de desigualdad como referencia adicional, se concluye que la reforma tiende a promover una mayor diferenciación escolar, jerarquizar las escuelas y una mayor precariedad de la capacitación ofrecida por las escuelas públicas públicas, profundizar las desigualdades educativas y embargar el futuro de los jóvenes pobres. Palabras clave: Bachillerato. Reforma de la escuela secundaria. Dualidad educativa. Desigualdad Diferenciación escolar.
Introducing Nurse Practitioners Into Norwegian Primary Healthcare—Experiences and Learning
Authors: Holm Hansen Elisabeth , Boman Erika , Bing-Jonsson Pia , Fagerstrom Lisbeth M. 
Published: January 2020

Background and PurposeNurse practitioners (NPs) are well established internationally, and Norway is now in the first phase of implementing their role. The aim of this study was to describe the reflections of nurse leaders and general practitioners (GPs) on the establishment of the new NP role in primary healthcare.MethodsThis study was qualitative and longitudinal. Written reports and audio recordings from 11 meetings with nurse leaders and GPs during 3 years in 3 municipalities were analyzed by a thematic analysis.ResultsFour themes were identified: the need for enhanced clinical competence among registered nurses, the need for reorganization of advanced practice, the need for negotiating professional barriers, and demanding economic situations. Nurse leaders and GPs were generally positive toward NPs, but they had difficulty in clarifying their roles and how to organize them in the existing work models. This was due to economic pressures, different needs in departments, and shift work. Nurse leaders and GPs agreed that NPs should not replace physicians but perform the tasks of advanced practice nursing in a more expert way. Nurse leaders also wanted NPs to be a resource for registered nurses. It was important to gain trust in the new role not only of GPs but also of registered nurses.Implications for PracticeIt is extremely important that an implementation group is proactive in finding a suitable model for the implementation process. Clarification of the roles, tasks, and responsibilities of NPs at an early implementation stage could make the process easier.
Les principales composantes de la qualité des carcasses et des viandes dans les différentes espèces animales
Authors: LEBRET B. , PICARD B. 
Published: January 2020

La viande et la chair de poisson constituent une source essentielle de protéines, de vitamines et de micronutriments pour l’alimentation humaine. Les produits carnés représentent une activité économique importante au niveau mondial ; le niveau et l’évolution de leur consommation varient fortement selon les espèces et les zones géographiques. Le volume des productions doit répondre à l’accroissement de la population mondiale, tout en considérant les composantes environnementales, sociétales et économiques du développement durable. Cet article constitue une introduction générale au numéro spécial « Le muscle et la viande ». Il définit les principales composantes de qualité des carcasses, de la viande ou de la chair communes aux différentes espèces animales. Dans les articles suivants les principales filières (bovin, ovin, porc, poulet, poisson) sont présentées : production, consommation,problèmes de qualité spécifiques et attentes des acteurs, enjeux et questions de recherche prioritaires.
Les anomalies génétiques : définition, origine, transmission et évolution, mode d'action
Authors: BOICHARD Didier , GROHS C. , DANCHIN-BURGE C. , CAPITAN A. 
Published: January 2020

Cet article rappelle les notions et principes relatifs aux anomalies génétiques dont on observe régulièrement des émergences dans les populations animales d’élevage. Ces anomalies proviennent de mutations naturelles et certaines d’entre elles voient leur fréquence augmenter du fait principalement de la dérive génétique, parfois de la sélection. Lorsqu’elles sont dominantes, elles sont généralement rapidement contre-sélectionnées et tendent à disparaître. Mais lorsqu’elles sont récessives, les cas observables ne représentent qu’une toute petite fraction des individus porteurs. On définit généralement les anomalies génétiques comme des syndromes monogéniques. Toutefois, cette règle a beaucoup d’exceptions, soit parce que l’anomalie se révèle plus complexe qu’initialement supposé, soit parce que le syndrome présente une variabilité phénotypique due à des gènes modulateurs. Les anomalies récessives sont principalement dues à des mutations de type perte de fonction, tandis que les mutations dominantes résultent souvent d’interactions entre gènes ou entre protéines, ou de l’altération d’un gène répresseur. Les anomalies cytogénétiques conduisent à des phénotypes anormaux généralement différents entre types de caryotypes déséquilibrés. Enfin, les anomalies présentent parfois des déterminismes particuliers, par exemple dans le cas de gènes portés par les chromosomes sexuels ou soumis à empreinte parentale.
L’Observatoire National des Anomalies Bovines, son action et ses résultats pour une aide efficace à la gestion des anomalies génétiques
Authors: GROHS Cécile , DUCHESNE A. , FLORIOT S. , DELOCHE M.C. , BOICHARD D. , DUCOS A. , DANCHIN-BURGE C. 
Published: January 2020

Le facteur limitant de l’identification des anomalies génétiques dans les populations animales d’élevage est la phase de détection des émergences et de caractérisation clinique. En effet, ces évènements sont rares et mal répertoriés dans les bases nationales d’information génétique. Après différentes expériences passées montrant que des anomalies n’avaient pas été détectées, un Observatoire National des Anomalies Bovines a été mis en place en 2002, rassemblant l’INRA, les acteurs de la sélection animale et les acteurs du monde vétérinaire. L’objectif de cet observatoire est avant tout de collecter les déclarations de cas sur une base normalisée, ainsi que les échantillons biologiques associés, mais aussi d’assurer une veille et une information scientifique et une coordination des actions (www.onab.fr). Les déclarations sont loin d’être exhaustives avec quelques centaines de dossiers par an. Mais par la bonne couverture géographique, raciale et partenariale de l’ONAB, elles sont sans doute suffisantes pour détecter la plupart des nouvelles émergences. Cet article présente un bilan des activités, en mettant l’accent sur les différentes anomalies rencontrées ainsi que les succès en termes d’identification des mutations causales correspondantes, ouvrant la voie à leur gestion en sélection.
Detection of Early Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction by Spraying an Enzyme-Activatable Fluorescent Probe Targeting Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV
Authors: Yamamoto Keiko , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Mizushima Takeshi , Kodaira Junichi , Ono Masayoshi , Hatanaka Yutaka , Hatanaka Kanako , Kuriki Yugo , Kamiya Mako , Ehira Nobuyuki , Shinada Keisuke , Takahashi Hiroaki , Shimizu Yuichi , Urano Yasuteru , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: It is still difficult to detect and diagnose early adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) using conventional endoscopy or image-enhanced endoscopy. A glutamylprolyl hydroxymethyl rhodamine green (EP-HMRG) fluorescent probe that can be enzymatically activated to become fluorescent after the cleavage of a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-IV-specific sequence has been developed and is reported to be useful for the detection of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and esophagus; however, there is a lack of studies that focuses on detecting EGJ adenocarcinoma by fluorescence molecular imaging. Therefore, we investigated the visualization of early EGJ adenocarcinoma by applying EP-HMRG and using clinical samples resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Methods: Fluorescence imaging with EP-HMRG was performed in 21 clinical samples resected by ESD, and the fluorescence intensity of the tumor and non-tumor regions of interest was prospectively measured. Immunohistochemistry was also performed to determine the expression of DPP-IV. Results: Fluorescence imaging of the clinical samples showed that the tumor lesions were visualized within a few minutes after the application of EP-HMRG, with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.7%, 85.7%, and 85.7%, respectively. However, tumors with a background of intestinal metaplasia did not have a sufficient contrast-to-background ratio since complete intestinal metaplasia also expresses DPP-IV. Immunohistochemistry measurements revealed that all fluorescent tumor lesions expressed DPP-IV. Conclusions: Fluorescence imaging with EP-HMRG could be useful for the detection of early EGJ adenocarcinoma lesions that do not have a background of intestinal metaplasia.
Volume of Tidal Gas Movement in the Nonventilated Lung during One-lung Ventilation and its Relevant Factors
Authors: Wei Jionglin , Gao Lei , Sun Fafa , Zhang Mengting , Gu Weidong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The passive ventilation of nonventilated lung results in tidal gas movement (TGM) and thus affects lung collapse. The present study aimed to measure the volume of TGM and to analyse the relevant factors of the TGM index (TGM/body surface area).Methods: One hundred eight patients scheduled for elective thoracoscopic surgeries were enrolled. Lung isolation was achieved with a double-lumen endobronchial tube (DLT). The paediatric spirometry sensor was connected to the double-lumen connector of the nonventilated lung to measure the volume of TGM during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in the lateral position. The TGM index was calculated. The multiple linear regression was analysed using the TGM index as the dependent variables. Independent variables were also recorded: 1) age, sex, body mass index (BMI); 2) forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, minute ventilation volume (MVV); 3) dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) and peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) during dual lung ventilation; 4) the side of OLV; and 5) whether lung puncture for localization of the pulmonary nodule was performed on the day of surgery. The oxygen concentration in the nonventilated lung was measured at 5 min after OLV, and its correlation with the TGM index was analysed.Results: The volume of TGM in the nonventilated lung during OLV was 78 [37] mL. The TGM index was 45 [20] mL/m2 and was negatively correlated with the oxygen concentration in the nonventilated lung at 5 min after OLV. The multiple linear regression model for the TGM index was deduced as follows: TGM index (mL/m2)=C+12.770×a-3.987×b-1.237×c-2.664×d, where C is a constant 95.621 mL/m2, a is 1 for males and 0 for females, b is 1 for right OLV and 0 for left OLV, c is BMI (kg/m2), and d is PIP (cmH2O).Conclusions: The TGM index is negatively correlated with the oxygen concentration of the nonventilated lung at 5 min after OLV. Sex, side of OLV, BMI and PIP are independently correlated with the TGM index.Trial registration: This study was registered at ChiCTR (www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900024220) on July 1, 2019.Key Words: tidal gas movement, TGM index, one-lung ventilation, lung collapse, double-lumen endobronchial tube, dynamic lung compliance, thoracoscopy
Factors Related to Health Civic Engagement: Results from the 2018 National Survey of Health Attitudes to Understand Progress towards a Culture of Health
Authors: Dubowitz Tamara , Nelson Christopher , Weilant Sarah , Sloan Jennifer C. , Bogart Andy , Miller Carolyn , Chandra Anita 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives Civic engagement, including voting, volunteering, and participating in civic organizations, is associated with better psychological, physical and behavioral health and well-being. In addition, civic engagement is increasingly viewed as a potentially important driver for raising awareness of and addressing unhealthy conditions in communities. As such, it is important to understand the factors that may promote civic engagement, with a particular focus on the less-understood, health civic engagement, or civic engagement in health-related and health-specific activities. Using data from a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States (U.S.), we examined whether the extent to which individuals feel they belong in their community (i.e., perceived sense of community) and the value they placed on investing in community health were associated with individuals’ health civic engagement. Methods Using data collected on 7187 nationally representative respondents from the 2018 National Survey of Health Attitudes, we examined associations between sense of community, valued investment in community health, and perceived barriers to taking action to invest in community health, with health civic engagement. We constructed continuous scales for each of these constructs and employed multiple linear regressions adjusting for multiple covariates including U.S. region and city size of residence, educational attainment, family income, race/ethnicity, household size, employment status, and years living in the community. Results Participants who endorsed all 16 sense of community scale items endorsed an average of 22.8% (95%CI: 19.8 - 25.7%) more of the health civic engagement scale items compared with respondents who did not endorse any of the sense of community items. Those who endorsed (responded that it was an important or top priority) all items capturing valued investment in community health endorsed 14.0% (95%CI: 11.2 – 16.8%) more of the health civic engagement items than those who did not endorse any valued investment in community health items. Conclusions Health civic engagement, including voting and volunteering to ultimately guide government decisions about health issues, may help improve conditions that influence well-being for all. Focusing on individuals’ sense of community and highlighting investments in community health may concurrently be associated with increased health civic engagement and improved community health.
Effect of a Pedometer-based Walking Intervention on Body Composition in Patients with ESRD: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sheshadri Anoop , Kittiskulnam Piyawan , Lai Jennifer C. , Johansen Kirsten L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: A randomized trial of a pedometer-based intervention with weekly activity goals led to a modest increase in step count among dialysis patients. In a secondary analysis, we investigated the effect of this intervention on body composition.Methods: 60 dialysis patients were randomized to standard care or a 6-month program consisting of 3 months of pedometers and weekly step count targets and 3 months of post-intervention follow-up. We obtained bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) data on 54 of these patients (28 control, 26 intervention) and used linear mixed-modeling (adjusted for sex and dialysis modality) to estimate differences in change in total-body muscle mass (TBMM) adjusted for height2, fat mass (kg), and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) between control and intervention groups.Results: The median age of participants was 57.5 years (53 – 66), and 76% were men. At baseline, there was no significant difference between groups in age, BMI, race, or body composition, but there were more men in the intervention group. After 3 months, patients in the intervention group increased their average daily steps by 2,414 (95% CI 1047, 3782) more than controls (p<0.001), but there were no significant differences in body composition. However, at 6 months, participants in the intervention had a significantly greater increase from baseline in TBMM of 0.7 kg/m2 (95% CI 0.3, 1.13), decrease in fat mass (‑4.3 kg [95% CI ‑7.1, ‑1.5]) and decrease in BMI (-1.0 kg/m2 [95% CI -1.8, -0.2]) relative to controls. In post-hoc analysis, each increase of 1,000 steps from 0 to 3 months was associated with a 0.3 kg decrease in fat mass (95% CI 0.05, 0.5) from 0 to 6 months, but there was no dose-response relationship with TBMM/ht2 or BMI.Conclusion: A pedometer-based intervention resulted in greater decreases in fat mass with relative preservation of muscle mass, leading to a greater decrease in BMI over time compared with patients not in the intervention. These differences were driven as much by worsening in the control group as by improvement in the intervention group. Step counts had a dose-response relationship with decrease in fat mass.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02623348). 02 December 2015. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02623348