bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical study of the performance of the IMERG over the Indian landmass
Authors: Thakur Manoj Kumar , Kumar T. V. Lakshmi , Narayanan M. S. , Kundeti Koteswara Rao , Barbosa Humberto 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe paper compares the final run of Integrated Multi‐Satellite Retrieval of Global Precipitation Mission (IMERG) products with India Meteorological Department (IMD) gridded data over the Indian land mass during the southwest monsoon period (June–September) in the period 2014–2017. Spatiotemporal variations of the IMERG are evaluated with IMD rainfall by employing different statistical techniques, and the capability of the IMERG is examined using the categorical skill metrics. A region in central India is the focus in order to study the southwest monsoon's static and dynamic characteristics, such as rainfall distribution and monsoon activity, using the IMERG in conjunction with IMD rainfall data sets. The integrated condensation rate (ICR) was estimated using the specific humidity profiles, and it correlated with the IMERG and IMD rainfall. The IMERG is found to be a potential source for adequately reflecting the ground gauge‐gridded data of categorical rainfall amounts, from very light rain (trace–2.4 mm) to very heavy rain (about 115.6–204.4 mm). However, the IMERG does not reflect satisfactorily the extreme heavy rain events (≥ 204.5 mm·day–1) during the study period. The significant correlation between IMERG/IMD rainfall and the ICR suggests that improved adjustments methods are required for better results when depicting accurate extreme heavy rainfall events by the IMERG.
A novel dominant mutation in CRYAB gene leading to a severe phenotype with childhood onset
Authors: Marcos Ana T. , Amorós Diego , Muñoz-Cabello Beatriz , Galán Francisco , Rivas Infante Eloy , Alcaraz‐Mas Luis , Navarro‐Pando José M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundαB‐crystallin is a promiscuous protein involved in numerous cell functions. Mutations in CRYAB have been found in patients with different pathological phenotypes that are not properly understood. Patients can present different diseases like cataracts, muscle weakness, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, respiratory insufficiency or dysphagia, but also a variable combination of these pathologies has been found. These mutations can show either autosomal dominant or recessive mode of inheritance and variable penetrance and expressivity. This is the first report of congenital cataracts and myopathy described in childhood due to a CRYAB mutation with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.MethodsThe whole exome sequence was subjected to phenotype‐driven analysis and a novel variant in CRYAB was detected: c.514delG, p.(Ala172ProfsTer14). The mutation was located in the C‐terminal domain of the protein, which is essential for chaperone activity. The deduced protein was analyzed searching for alterations of the relevant physico‐chemical properties described for this domain. A muscle biopsy was also tested for CRYAB with immunohistochemical and histoenzymatic techniques.ResultsCRYAB displayed a mild immunoreactivity in the subsarcolemmal compartment with no pathological sarcoplasmic accumulation. It agrees with an alteration of the physico‐chemical properties predicted for the C‐terminal domain: hydrophobicity, stiffness, and isomerization.ConclusionsThe described mutation leads to elongation of the protein at the carboxi‐terminal domain (CTD) with altered properties, which are essential for solubility and activity. It suggests that can be the cause of the severe conditions observed in this patient.
A compact circularly polarized isosceles triangular microstrip patch antenna with parasitic elements for multiband application
Authors: Shaw Murari , Mandal Niranjan , Gangopadhyay Malay 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this research paper, a isosceles triangular radiating patch with two triangular coplanar parasitic elements has been used to design a compact circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna that can be used for (2.320‐2.345 GHz) satellite digital audio radio systems (SDARS), (2.30‐2.39 GHz) wireless broadband (WiBro), LTE 2300 (2.3‐2.4 GHz), and WIMAX (2.50‐2.69 GHz) application band. Corners of the two parasitic element along with a portion of driver patch has been cut and optimize to obtain CP characteristics of the antenna with broadside radiation pattern. A slot is also introduced and optimized on the radiating patch to improve the impedance matching. Frequency band generated by the antenna is (2.09‐2.64 GHz) having impedance bandwidth of (S11 ≤ −10 dB) 550 MHz 23.25% and two 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 5.1% (2.29‐2.41GHz) and 1.54% (2.58‐2.62 GHz). The size of proposed antenna is 56 × 52 × 3.2 mm3 in which, FR4 material has been used as dielectric substrate and thin copper plate as radiating patch and ground. Before physical fabrication, HFSS ver13 software has been used to design and analyzed the proposed antenna. It has been found that the measured results of fabricated antenna and simulated results are closely matching.
The efficacy and safety of Vibegron in treating overactive bladder: A systematic review and pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Shi Hongbin , Chen Hongyan , Zhang Yong , Cui Yuanshan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveVibegron is a new kind of β3‐adrenergic receptor agonist. We performed a systematic review and pooled analysis to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Vibegron for treating overactive bladder (OAB).MethodsMEDLINE, the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register and EMBASE were used to pick out randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Vibegron in treating OAB. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were also studied. We used RevMan version 5.3.0. to analyze the data.ResultsThree high‐quality RCTs involving a total of 2120 OAB patients were adopted in the systematic review and pooled analysis. The mean number of micturitions episodes/d (mean difference [MD] = −0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.0 to −0.55; P < .00001); the mean number of urgency episodes/d (MD = −0.77; 95% CI = −1.03 to −0.52; P < .00001); mean number of urgency incontinence episodes/d (MD = −0.50; 95% CI = −0.64 to −0.35; P < .00001); mean number of incontinence episodes/d (MD = −0.45; 95% CI = −0.66 to −0.25; P < .0001); and mean volume voided/micturition (MD = 22.22; 95% CI = 17.36 to 27.07, P < .00001) showed that Vibegron was more efficacy in treating OAB than placebo. Dry mouth, drug‐related treatment‐emergent adverse event (TEAE), serious adverse event (SAE), and discontinuations due to adverse event (AE) suggested that Vibegron was well tolerated.ConclusionsOur systematic review and pooled analysis demonstrate that Vibegron 75 mg or 100 mg/d statistically significant improved OAB symptoms. The treatment was well‐tolerated, with a favorable safety profile.
Assessment of nonlinear exact geometry sampling surfaces solid‐shell elements and ANSYS solid elements for 3D stress analysis of piezoelectric shell structures
Authors: Kulikov G. M. , Plotnikova S. V. , Glebov A. O. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryIn this work, the finite rotation exact geometry four‐node solid‐shell element using the sampling surfaces (SaS) method is developed for the analysis of the second Piola‐Kirchhoff stresses in laminated piezoelectric shells. The SaS method is based on choosing inside the layers the arbitrary number of SaS parallel to the middle surface and located at Chebyshev polynomial nodes in order to introduce the displacements and electric potentials of these surfaces as fundamental shell unknowns. The outer surfaces and interfaces are also included into a set of SaS. To circumvent shear and membrane locking, the hybrid‐mixed solid‐shell element on the basis of the Hu‐Washizu variational principle is proposed. The tangent stiffness matrix is evaluated by 3D analytical integration throughout the finite element. This novelty provides a superior performance in the case of coarse meshes. A comparison with the SOLID226 element showed that the developed exact geometry SaS solid‐shell element allows the use of load increments, which are much larger than possible with existing displacement‐based finite elements. Thus, it can be recommended for the 3D stress analysis of doubly‐curved laminated piezoelectric shells because the SaS formulation gives the opportunity to obtain the 3D solutions of electroelasticity with a prescribed accuracy.
A hybrid radial basis functions collocation technique to numerically solve fractional advection–diffusion models
Authors: Hussain Manzoor , Haq Sirajul 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this work, we propose a hybrid radial basis functions (RBFs) collocation technique for the numerical solution of fractional advection–diffusion models. In the formulation of hybrid RBFs (HRBFs), there exist shape parameter (c*) and weight parameter (ϵ) that control numerical accuracy and stability. For these parameters, an adaptive algorithm is developed and validated. The proposed HRBFs method is tested for numerical solutions of some fractional Black–Sholes and diffusion models. Numerical simulations performed for several benchmark problems verified the proposed method accuracy and efficiency. The quantitative analysis is made in terms of L∞, L2, Lrms, and Lrel error norms as well as number of nodes N over space domain and time‐step δt. Numerical convergence in space and time is also studied for the proposed method. The unconditional stability of the proposed HRBFs scheme is obtained using the von Neumann methodology. It is observed that the HRBFs method circumvented the ill‐conditioning problem greatly, a major issue in the Kansa method.
The third dimension in palaeopathology: How can three‐dimensional imaging by computed tomography bring an added value to retrospective diagnosis?
Authors: Coqueugniot Hélène , Dutailly Bruno , Dutour Olivier 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) imaging is now extensively used for studying ancient human and animal bones. This method has been consensually adopted by palaeoanthropologists, but its interest in palaeopathology has been challenged. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the contribution of 3D reconstructions to retrospective diagnosis in palaeopathology. We selected six palaeopathological cases among our research corpus representing three nosographic categories (trauma, infection and neoplasia) from various periods ranging from the Middle Palaeolithic to the beginning of the Modern Era. For each case, we compared the diagnostic value of plain X‐ray, computed tomography (CT) slices, and 3D reconstructions. The latter were performed using TIVMI program, a free software for research use developed by one of us. Reconstructions are obtained by surface extraction that follows a segmentation process. We showed that this 3D method allowed reconstructing/quantifying pathological processes on ancient bones, usefully supplementing conventional radiological analyses and clearly bringing an added value to retrospective diagnosis in palaeopathology.
Investigation on microscale hygrothermal behavior of carbon nanotube‐reinforced polymer composite
Authors: Huang Zheng‐Wei , Gui Qin‐Feng , Dai Hong‐Liang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this article, a simple and effective formulation of microscale deformation using to simplify the analysis of deformation and stress of carbon nanotube‐reinforced polymer composite (CNTRPC) material structures at the microscale is established. Using a numerical computation and a numerical simulation analysis, the effect of stress and deformation of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polymer matrix on different distribution mode of CNTs, temperature, or moisture is researched. The changing of the inside and outside surfaces' temperature of the material makes the deformation of polymer material unevenly. This work can provide some help to simplify the analysis of hygrothermal deformation and stress of CNTRPC material at both microscale and macroscale.
Polymerization kinetic pathways of epoxidized linseed oil with aliphatic bio‐based dicarboxylic acids
Authors: Menager Charlotte , Guigo Nathanaël , Vincent Luc , Sbirrazzuoli Nicolas 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTThe curing of epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) with three different bio‐based dicarboxylic acids (sebacic acid, suberic acid, and succinic acid) has been investigated. No accelerators or catalysts were used and the resulting thermosets are 100% bio‐based. Structural investigations of the three crosslinked ELO resins were made using FTIR spectroscopy and TMA, that is, tensile tests, TGA, and DMA. As evidenced by FTIR measurements ELO and dicarboxylic acids reacts but no major differences can be distinguished between the dicarboxylic acids. Non‐isothermal curing has been conducted by rheological and DSC measurements. Advanced isoconversional analysis applied to DSC data in association with the complex viscosity variations gives new insights into the polymerization mechanism. The length of dicarboxylic acid carbon chain modifies the reaction rate. Then, a correlation between reaction rate, activation energy, pre‐exponential factors, polymerization mechanism, and change in rate‐limiting step was shown. DMA and tensile tests highlight the relationship between the carbon chain length, reactivity, and thermomechanical properties. The use of succinic acid allows reaching a higher Tg and thermal stability.
Patient participation in multidisciplinary tumor conferences: Providers' perceptions of patients' need satisfaction and emotional experiences
Authors: Diekmann Annika , Heuser Christian , Schellenberger Barbara , Bohmeier Barbara , Holmberg Christine , Ansmann Lena , Ernstmann Nicole 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn some breast and gynecological cancer centers in Germany, patients participate in multidisciplinary tumor conferences (MTCs) during the discussion of their own case. The aim of this study was to explore providers' perceptions concerning patients' emotional experiences during participation in an MTC by comparing the perspectives of providers with and without experience with patient participation.MethodsIn this study, semi‐structured interviews with n = 30 providers in n = 6 breast and gynecological cancer centers in North Rhine‐Westphalia, Germany, were conducted. One half of the providers had no experience and the other half had experience with patient participation in MTCs. The interviews were audiotaped and transcribed, and content analysis was performed.ResultsThe results of this study show a mixed picture of met, unmet and disappointed needs of patients and their emotional reactions, which mainly overlap between both provider groups. Our results show that both provider groups report positive and negative experiences or expectations.ConclusionThe mixed results regarding expected and perceived patient experiences from the providers' perspective suggest that patient participation in MTCs may not be exclusively of benefit. Further research on advantages and disadvantages for patients and on feasibility from the providers' perspective is necessary and will be conducted within the PINTU project.
ImageBreed: Open‐access plant breeding web–database for image‐based phenotyping
Authors: Morales Nicolas , Kaczmar Nicholas S. , Santantonio Nicholas , Gore Michael A. , Mueller Lukas A. , Robbins Kelly R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHigh‐throughput image‐phenotyping promises to accelerate the rate of genetic improvement in plant breeding through varietal selections informed by longitudinal growth models. To facilitate routine analyses and to drive breeding decisions, data integration is critical for effective management of germplasm, field experiment design, phenotyping, tissue sampling, genotyping, aerial‐phenotyping campaigns, image files, and geo‐spatial information. To this end, ImageBreed provides a software solution for end‐to‐end image‐based phenotyping integrated into the Breedbase plant breeding system. ImageBreed provides open‐source orthophotomosaic construction for raw image captures from standard color cameras and from the MicaSense RedEdge multispectral camera. Additionally, previously assembled orthophotomosaic raster images can be uploaded. Orthophotomosaic images allow for streamlined extraction of plot‐polygon images; however, ImageBreed plot‐polygon images can also be extracted directly from raw aerial image captures. A web–database interface streamlines assignment of plot‐polygon images from the orthophotomosaic or raw aerial‐captures to the field experiment design. Image processes spanning Fourier‐transform filtering, thresholding, and vegetation index masking are applied to reduce noise in extracted phenotypes. Summary‐statistic phenotypic values are extracted for every observed plot‐polygon image using a structured ontology. Plot‐polygon images are queryable against genotypic, phenotypic, and experimental design information for training of machine learning models and for driving breeding decisions in varietal advancement. ImageBreed is publicly available at http://imagebreed.org and built on the open‐source Breedbase system (https://github.com/solgenomics/sgn); all image‐processing scripts are available at https://github.com/solgenomics/DroneImageScripts and via a Docker image. All data deposited in http://imagebreed.org are publicly available for longitudinal model training and for driving future breeding decisions.
Transportable system for on‐site calibration of permafrost temperature sensors
Authors: Merlone Andrea , Sanna Francesca , Coppa Graziano , Massano Laura , Musacchio Chiara 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEvaluating the degradation of permafrost is a major challenge in understanding global warming and its impact on the cryosphere. The Global Cryosphere Watch is promoting actions towards data quality and traceability, to achieve comparability of observations from different permafrost stations. In response to this, a transportable system for on‐site calibrations of permafrost temperature sensors was studied, developed and tested in the field, within the project MeteoMet. The system, here described, allows users to establish metrological traceability to permafrost temperature profiles, by performing the calibration on‐site, even in remote or high‐elevation areas, in realistic conditions. A field campaign at 3,000 m elevation to test the system's performance and practical use is also reported. Overall calibration uncertainty in the field accounted for <0.05 °C, with contribution from reference sensors within 2 mK over the whole range; besides reducing uncertainties in each measuring point of a chain, the procedure also allows users to establish comparability among all the sensors within 0.03 °C. The self‐heating effect of each sensor was also evaluated as 0.007 °C, and was thus considered a negligible component. The evolution of permafrost thawing can be more robustly evaluated, through documented data traceability together with improved comparability in space and time.
Periglacial slopewash dominated by solute transfers and subsurface erosion on a High Arctic slope
Authors: Paquette Michel , Fortier Daniel , Lafrenière Melissa , Vincent Warwick F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractArctic slope hydrology studies suggest that water follows preferential subsurface flow paths known as water tracks. While subsurface flow is usually expected to transport only dissolved solids, periglacial studies have indicated some evidence of lessivage associated with flow through sorted patterned ground. We investigated the transport of dissolved and suspended sediments in water tracks on a polar desert slope, and linked this transport to slope and flow path geomorphology. Solute transfer was dominated by carbonate weathering products, and concentrations of other ions increased disproportionately when the active layer thawed. Suspended sediment transport occurred in water tracks, but fluxes were supply‐limited, indicating competent subsurface mechanical erosion. Solute mass fluxes were 5–10 times greater than sediment fluxes. In this dry landscape dominated by snowmelt, surface seepage leads to sediment deposition, while subsurface flow promotes lessivage. A conceptual model of nivation slopes is presented, taking into consideration the influence of flow path morphology and adaptation of the hydrological system to localized water sources from wind‐drifted snowbanks. Climate‐driven permafrost degradation and the increased frequency of rainfall events may result in new sediment sources and changes in flow pathways, modifying the physico‐chemical properties and ecology of downstream receiving waters.
THBS4 silencing regulates the cancer stem cell‐like properties in prostate cancer via blocking the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Hou Yi , Li Hai , Huo Wei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough thrombospondins 4 (THBS4) participates in controlling the biology of prostate cancer (PCa), the mechanism underlying this regulation remains unknown. Hence, this study aims to identify the regulatory effects of THBS4 on the PCa stem cell‐like properties and the potential mechanism associated with the phosphatidylinositol 3′‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway.MethodsPCa stem cells were sorted and identified using flow cytometry and THBS4 expression in the identified PCa stem cells was measured using Western blot assay. THBS4 was overexpressed or silenced in PCa stem cells, following which, self‐renewal, proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis of PCa stem cells were assessed as well as tumorigenicity in vivo was evaluated. PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor was applied to identify its involvement in the regulatory roles of THBS4 in PCa stem cells.ResultsTHBS4 was expressed at a higher level in PCa stem cells than in PCa cells. The overexpression of THBS4 promoted the self‐renewal and proliferation, curbed the apoptosis of PCa stem cells, and enhanced the in vivo tumorigenicity, which was achieved by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. On the contrary, short‐hairpin RNA‐mediated silencing of THBS4 exhibited suppressive effects on those cancer stem cell (CSC)‐like properties and promotive effects on their apoptosis.ConclusionTHBS4 silencing can impede the CSC‐like properties in PCa via blockade of the PI3K/Akt pathway, which provides patients with PCa a new therapeutic target.
Increasing heavy rainfall events in south India due to changing land use and land cover
Authors: Boyaj Alugula , Dasari Hari P. , Hoteit Ibrahim , Ashok Karumuri 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThrough an analysis of land use and land cover (LULC) data for the years 2005 and 2017 from the Advanced Wide Field Sensor onboard the Indian Remote Sensing satellite, we find considerable changes in the LULC in three major states of south India, namely, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Kerala. This change is mainly due to increasing urbanization, in addition to the change of prevalent mixed forest into deciduous needle/leaf forest in Kerala. Motivated by this finding, we study the impact of these LULC changes over a decade on the extremes of twelve heavy rainfall events in these states through several sensitivity experiments with a convection‐permitting Weather Research and Forecasting model, by changing the LULC boundary conditions. We particularly focus on three representative heavy rainfall events, specifically, over (a) Chennai (1 December 2015), (b) Telangana (24 September 2016), and (c) Kerala (15 August 2018). The simulated rainfall patterns of the three heavy rainfall events are found to be relatively better with the use of the 2017 LULC boundary conditions. The improvement is statistically significant in the case of the Chennai and Kerala events. On analysis of these simulations, and output from additional simulations we have conducted for nine other heavy rainfall events, we suggest that the recent LULC changes result in higher surface temperatures and sensible heat fluxes, and a deeper and moist boundary layer. This causes a relatively higher convective available potential energy and, consequently, heavier rainfall. We find the LULC changes in the three states, mainly dominated by the increasing urbanization in Telangana and Tamil Nadu, enhance the rainfall during the heavy rainfall events by 20–25%. This is the first extensive investigation of multiple and multi‐regional cases over the Indian region.