bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical modulation in Ge-rich SiGe waveguides in the mid-infrared wavelength range up to 11 µm
Authors: Montesinos-Ballester Miguel , Vakarin Vladyslav , Ramirez Joan Manel , Liu Qiankun , Alonso-Ramos Carlos , Le Roux Xavier , Frigerio Jacopo , Ballabio Andrea , Barzaghi Andrea , Deniel Lucas , Bouville David , Vivien Laurent , Isella Giovanni , Marris-Morini Delphine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWaveguide integrated optical modulators in the mid-infrared wavelength range are of significant interest for molecular spectroscopy. This is because on-chip synchronous detection can improve the performance of detection systems and can also be used for free-space communications where optical modulators working in atmospheric transparency windows are needed. Here we report optical modulation in a mid-infrared photonic circuit, reaching wavelengths larger than 8 µm. Optical modulation in the wavelength range from 5.5 to 11 µm is shown, relying on a broadband Ge-rich graded-SiGe platform. This demonstration experimentally confirms the free-carrier absorption effect modeling. These results pave the way towards efficient high-performance electrically-driven integrated optical modulators in the mid-infrared wavelength range.
Identifying superionic conductors by materials informatics and high-throughput synthesis
Authors: Matsubara Masato , Suzumura Akitoshi , Ohba Nobuko , Asahi Ryoji 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCombinatorial chemistry has been proven effective in the search for novel functional materials, especially in the field of organic chemistry, and is being used to identify functional inorganic compounds. However, there is a growing need for approaches that predict and experimentally realize new materials, beyond composition optimization of known systems. Application of combinatorial chemistry to materials discovery is typically hindered by a limited ability to search a wide chemical composition space, and by our ability to experimentally screen promising compounds. Here, a combinatorial scheme is proposed that combines a materials informatics technique to define a chemical search space with high-throughput synthesis and evaluation. We identify high-performance superionic conductors in the Ca-(Nb,Ta)-Bi-O system, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach for accelerated materials discovery.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs
Authors: Trifonov T. , Lee M. H. , Kürster M. , Henning Th. , Grishin E. , Stock S. , Tjoa J. , Caballero J. A. , Wong K. H. , Bauer F. F. , Quirrenbach A. , Zechmeister M. , Ribas I. , Reffert S. , Reiners A. , Amado P. J. , Kossakowski D. , Azzaro M. , Béjar V. J. S. , Cortés-Contreras M. , Dreizler S. , Hatzes A. P. , Jeffers S. V. , Kaminski A. , Lafarga M. , Montes D. , Morales J. C. , Pavlov A. , Rodríguez-López C. , Schmitt J. H. M. M. , Solano E. , Barnes R. 
Published: February 2020

Context. GJ 1148 is an M-dwarf star hosting a planetary system composed of two Saturn-mass planets in eccentric orbits with periods of 41.38 and 532.02 days.
Aims. We reanalyze the orbital configuration and dynamics of the GJ 1148 multi-planetary system based on new precise radial velocity measurements taken with CARMENES.
Methods. We combined new and archival precise Doppler measurements from CARMENES with those available from HIRES for GJ 1148 and modeled these data with a self-consistent dynamical model. We studied the orbital dynamics of the system using the secular theory and direct N-body integrations. The prospects of potentially habitable moons around GJ 1148 b were examined.
Results. The refined dynamical analyses show that the GJ 1148 system is long-term stable in a large phase-space of orbital parameters with an orbital configuration suggesting apsidal alignment, but not in any particular high-order mean-motion resonant commensurability. GJ 1148 b orbits inside the optimistic habitable zone (HZ). We find only a narrow stability region around the planet where exomoons can exist. However, in this stable region exomoons exhibit quick orbital decay due to tidal interaction with the planet.
Conclusions. The GJ 1148 planetary system is a very rare M-dwarf planetary system consisting of a pair of gas giants, the inner of which resides in the HZ. We conclude that habitable exomoons around GJ 1148 b are very unlikely to exist.
Sekundäre Ursachen der Fettleber – Neues zur Pathogenese, rationalen Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Keitel Verena , vom Dahl Stephan , Häussinger Dieter 
Published: February 2020

Was ist neu?
Sekundäre Ursachen der Fettleber sollten erkannt werden, da für diese oftmals Therapieoptionen bestehen. Sekundäre Ursachen einer Fettleber umfassen eine Hepatitis-C-Virusinfektion (HCV-Infektion), endokrinologische Erkrankungen, ernährungs- und darmassoziierte Erkrankungen sowie genetische Leber- und Stoffwechselerkrankungen. Medikamente können ebenfalls eine Fettleber hervorrufen. Die primäre Fettleber ist durch das Auftreten einer Steatosis hepatis ohne relevanten Alkoholkonsum oder andere Ursachen einer sekundären Fettleber definiert. Sie tritt gehäuft bei Patienten mit metabolischem Syndrom auf (hepatische Manifestation des metabolischen Syndroms).
Basisdiagnostik umfasst die Abklärung eines metabolischen Syndroms sowie den Ausschluss eines relevanten Alkoholkonsums.
Weiterführende Diagnostik erfolgt als Stufendiagnostik, bei der zunächst eine HCV-Infektion und Hypothyreose abgeklärt und Steatose-induzierende Medikamente abgefragt werden. Im nächsten Schritt sollten diagnostische Tests für Morbus Wilson, Hämochromatose, Zöliakie sowie Fettstoffwechselstörungen erfolgen. Eine erweiterte endokrinologische Abklärung sollte erwogen und bei weiterhin unklarer Ursache eine Leberbiopsie angestrebt werden.
Häufige genetische Polymorphismen bei Fettlebererkrankung wurden in verschiedenen Genen wie PNPLA3, TM6SF2 und MBOAT7 identifiziert und begünstigen die Entwicklung und Progression einer Fettlebererkrankung bei unterschiedlichen Ätiologien wie metabolischem Syndrom, alkoholischer Lebererkrankung und HCV-Infektion. Dabei wirken diese Varianten additiv.
Therapie bei sekundären Fettlebererkrankungen kann ein Fortschreiten der Fettlebererkrankung verhindern. Für eine Reihe sekundärer Ursachen existieren zielgerichtete Therapien.
Update wichtige ZNS-Infektionen
Authors: Klein Matthias , Koedel Uwe , Pfister Hans-Walter 
Published: February 2020

Was ist neu?
Herpes-simplex-Virus (HSV)-Enzephalitis Bei Verdacht auf eine HSV-Enzephalitis sollte unabhängig von der Zellzahl im Liquor eine PCR zum Nachweis von Viruskopien durchgeführt werden. Im Fall einer autoimmunvermittelten sekundären Verschlechterung innerhalb der ersten 2 Monate nach Aciclovir-Behandlung einer HSV-Enzephalitis sollte eine unverzügliche Therapie mit Immunsuppression und/oder Plasmapherese eingeleitet werden.
Bakterielle Meningitis Zur Erregerdiagnostik kann seit einigen Jahren neben Gramfärbung, Liquorkultur und PCR ein Multiplex-PCR-Verfahren zur simultanen Testung der häufigsten Meningitis- und Enzephalitiserreger eingesetzt werden. Bei positivem Nachweis von HHV6 ist die klinische Relevanz jedoch infrage zu stellen. Bei unveränderter Resistenzlage in Deutschland wird nach wie vor als Initialtherapie Ceftriaxon i. v. und Ampicillin i. v. empfohlen, bei ambulant erworbener Meningitis mit Verdacht auf Pneumokokkeninfektion zusätzlich adjuvant Dexamethason i. v.
Frühsommer-Meningo-Enzephalitis (FSME) 2019 wurden in Deutschland 5 zusätzliche Risikogebiete definiert. Einen zuverlässigen Schutz bietet die Impfung, die allerdings auch in den Risikogebieten nicht konsequent durchgeführt wird. Hier besteht noch großer Aufklärungsbedarf.
Neuroborreliose Als zusätzlicher diagnostischer Parameter bei früher Neuroborreliose wurde in den vergangenen Jahren das Chemokin CXCL13 identifiziert. CXCL13 aus Liquor kann ein hilfreicher Parameter für die Diagnosestellung einer Neuroborreliose sein, wenn in der Frühphase der Borrelien-spezifische Liquor-Serum-Antikörper-Index noch negativ ist.
Preoperative Hyponatremia is a Risk Factor for Adverse 30-Day Outcomes Following Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Tanenbaum Joseph E. , Bomberger Thomas T. , Knapik Derrick M. , Fitzgerald Steven J. , Shah Nihar S. , Wera Glenn D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe relationship between preoperative hyponatremia and 30-day outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is currently unknown. The present study used prospectively collected data to quantify the association between preoperative hyponatremia and odds of major morbidity (MM), longer length of stay, readmission, and reoperation within 30 days following THA. Patients who underwent THA between 2012 and 2014 were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database using validated Current Procedural Terminology codes. Patients were included if they were either normonatremic or hyponatremic preoperatively. The outcome measures in this study were 30-day MM, hospital length of stay, 30-day readmission, and 30-day reoperation. A unique multivariable logistic regression model was used for each outcome to identify statistically significant associations between hyponatremia and the outcome of interest after adjusting for covariates. From 2012 to 2014, 59,236 THA procedures were recorded in National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, of which 55,611 patients were normonatremic and 3,051 patients were hyponatremic. After adjusting for covariates, preoperative hyponatremia was significantly associated with increased odds of MM (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; 99% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.30), 30-day reoperation (OR = 1.18; 99% CI: 1.02–1.36), and longer hospital length of stay (OR = 1.20; 99% CI: 1.13–1.27). Hyponatremia was not significantly associated with greater odds of 30-day readmission (OR = 0.91; 99% CI: 0.82–1.01). Preoperative hyponatremia was significantly associated with adverse 30-day outcomes following THA. As the U.S. health care system continues to transition toward value-based reimbursement that emphasizes health care quality, the results of the present study can be used to improve patient selection and preoperative counseling.
Loaded objects: addressing gun violence through art in the gallery and beyond
Authors: Dell’Aria Annie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGun violence impacts our experience of public spaces, including how we represent and memorialize tragic events stemming from guns in public ways. Immediate memorials, complete with flowers and other ephemera, frequently appear at the sites of gun violence, at times to be followed by permanent memorials with contemplative spaces and names of victims etched in stone. While communicating loss and grief, both of these strategies usually evade any real political action or consideration of the complexities of gun violence or its causes. Mirroring the stalemate in our political dialogue around guns and their proliferation, our dominant strategies of memorialization similarly offer little more than “thoughts and prayers”. In what ways can contemporary art break through these evasions and even prompt dialogue or change around the complex array of issues that arise with the increased presence of guns in American society? How can art generate experiences for viewers that allow for a more complex consideration of gun-related violence than the cycle of grief seen in immediate and permanent memorials? In this paper, I survey works of art that produce possibilities for transformative conversation around the issue by considering guns as what Bruno Latour calls “actants”. I begin by examining guns in the gallery, first offering a new readings of Chris Burden’s Shoot (1971) and Marina Abramović’s Rhythm 0 (1974), both of which notoriously included real firearms, and then turning to sculptural projects that literally disarm guns, rendering them deliberately strange and prompting complex conversations about their material presence in American life. I then shift focus towards the public sphere to consider works by Krzysztof Wodiczko, Jenny Holzer, and Michael Rakowitz, artists who rewire established circuits of monumental commemoration, public space advertising, and vernacular immediate memorials to generate a sense of distance, and even a safe space for dialogue in the public realm.
Community and authority in ROAR Magazine
Authors: Buts Jan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article responds to a common critique of corpus-based studies as decontextualized exercises in linguistic analysis by illustrating how, in the case of internet-based data, the concordance line can reveal rather than obscure aspects of a textual body’s cultural constitution. The data for the study consists of 100 articles of the online political journal ROAR (Reflections on a Revolution) Magazine, which has reported on global instances of public unrest and dissent since 2011. After sketching the relation between the financial crisis commencing in 2007 and the global protests that followed in its wake, the article investigates textual patterns within ROAR’s varied output. These patterns, ranging from the collocational profile of the keyword democracy to quotation practices, are shown to be constitutive of a virtual sense of community. This process of identity formation is then shown to have a mythopoetic effect, which ultimately impacts the emplotment of the various events covered and considered by the magazine. Additional attention is paid to ROAR as a cross-platform enterprise. In this respect, the fragmentary nature of the Internet is shown to both facilitate and frustrate the creation of a symbolic sense of community.
All-digital histopathology by infrared-optical hybrid microscopy
Authors: Schnell Martin , Mittal Shachi , Falahkheirkhah Kianoush , Mittal Anirudh , Yeh Kevin , Kenkel Seth , Kajdacsy-Balla Andre , Carney P. Scott , Bhargava Rohit 
Published: February 2020

Significance
This study reports the ability to provide label-free molecular information from infrared (IR) spectroscopy via the ubiquitous optical microscope. Modeling the thermal-mechanical coupling of samples, we design, build, and validate an IR-optical hybrid (IR-OH) microscope that uses optical interferometry to measure the dimensional change in materials arising from spectral absorption. We show that the seamless compatibility of IR-OH with routine optical microscopy and with emerging computational ubiquity enables all-digital pathology with applications across the spectrum of biomedical science. IR-OH microscopy provides a means to retain the ease of use and universal availability of optical microscopy, add a wide palette of IR molecular contrast, and utilize emerging computational capabilities to change how we routinely handle, image, and understand microscopic tissue structure.
The displacement field associated with the freezing of a melt and its role in determining crystal growth kinetics
Authors: Sun Gang , Hawken Alexander , Harrowell Peter 
Published: February 2020

Significance
We demonstrate that an accurate estimation of the displacements associated with the transformation of liquid into crystal is necessary to explain the striking variations in the temperature dependence of the addition rate of liquid atoms to the growing crystal interface during freezing. An assignment algorithm, adapted from operations theory, is shown to provide a good estimate of these atomic displacements. As the assignment algorithm requires only initial and target locations, it is applicable to all forms of structural transformations. In resolving a fundamental feature of the kinetics of freezing, a phenomenon of central importance to material fabrication, this paper also provides the tools to open lines of research into the kinetics of structural transformation.
Acoustically powered surface-slipping mobile microrobots
Authors: Aghakhani Amirreza , Yasa Oncay , Wrede Paul , Sitti Metin 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Untethered microrobots have significant applications in medical interventions such as targeted drug delivery. Here, we present an acoustically propelled microrobot that uses a fast and unidirectional surface-slipping locomotion strategy to navigate on both flat and curved surfaces. The three-dimensionally microprinted microrobot contains a trapped spherical air bubble to harness acoustic waves for propulsion at incredibly high speeds, up to 90 body lengths per second with body length of about 25 µm, and it can be steered by external magnetic fields. The proposed microrobot has a thrust force of about two to three orders of magnitude higher than that of microorganisms, such as algae and bacteria, which is sufficient for navigation inside vascular capillaries with blood flow.
Repair of a previously uncharacterized second host-range gene contributes to full replication of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) in human cells
Authors: Peng Chen , Moss Bernard 
Published: February 2020

Significance
The highly attenuated vaccine vector MVA is an approved smallpox vaccine and is undergoing clinical trials as a vaccine vector for other infectious diseases. Although an inability to replicate in human cells contributes to the safety of MVA, the basis for its host restriction is not understood. Here we identify a host-range gene C16L/B22R, which is present as two copies in most orthopoxviruses but is inactivated in MVA. Repair of this gene allows replication of MVA in several tested human cell lines and, in combination with a second missing host-range gene C12L, restores full replication. Furthermore, a human cell line expressing both proteins is permissive for MVA. This knowledge may contribute to further engineering of MVA vaccines.
An algebraic perspective on abstract and concrete domains
Authors: Khatin-Zadeh Omid , Eskandari Zahra , Bakhshizadeh-Gashti Yousef , Vahdat Sedigheh , Banaruee Hassan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Looking at isomorphic constructs from an algebraic perspective, this article suggests that every concrete
construct is understood by reference to an underlying abstract schema in the mind of comprehender. The complex form of every
abstract schema is created by the gradual development of its elementary form. Throughout the process of cognitive development, new
features are added to the elementary form of abstract schema, which leads to gradual formation of a fully-developed abstract
schema. Every developed abstract schema is the underlying source for understanding an infinite number of concrete isomorphic
constructs. It is suggested that the process of the mapping of base domain (base construct) unto target domain (target construct)
is conducted and mediated by an abstract domain. This abstract domain, which is free from concrete features of base and target, is
isomorphic to both base and target domains. To describe the mediatory role of this abstract domain, it might be argued that the
chain process of understanding a less familiar domain in terms of a relatively more familiar domain (salience imbalance model)
cannot continue infinitely. This chain must stop at some point. This point is the abstract domain, which is isomorphic to base and
target domains.
The role of talker variability in the perceptual learning of Mandarin tones by American English
listeners
Authors: Silpachai Alif 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Research on segmentals has suggested that a key component of High Variability Phonetic Training (HVPT) is high
talker variability. However, the extent to which high talker variability improves perception of tones is unclear. This study
examined the effects of high talker variability on the perception of Mandarin tones (Tones 1–4) by English-speaking listeners. A
training paradigm that used multiple talkers (multitalker group) was compared with a paradigm that used one talker (single-talker
group). The results showed that the multitalker group outperformed the single-talker group, and they retained their learning
better than the single-talker group did for 6 months. Neither group, however, improved their perception of Tone 1 or generalized
their learning of monosyllables to disyllables. The results suggest that although high talker variability can effectively improve
tone perception, it does not improve the perception of more tone categories or yield generalization of learning to more contexts
compared to low talker variability.
The literary genre effect
Authors: Gavaler Chris , Johnson Dan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We test the literariness of genre fiction with an empirical
study that directly manipulates both intrinsic text properties and extrinsic
reader expectations of literary merit for science-fiction and narrative-realism
stories. Participants were told they were going to read a story of either low or
high literary merit and then read one of two stories that were identical except
for one genre-determining word. There were no differences between the
science-fiction and narrative-realism versions of the story in literary merit
perception, text comprehension, or inference effort for theory of mind and plot.
Participants did, however, exert more theory-of-world effort (i.e.,
world-building) for the science-fiction version. The more inference effort
science-fiction readers dedicated to theory of world, the more cognitively and
emotionally engaged they were. These results contradict the assumption that
science fiction cannot achieve literariness and instead demonstrate a “literary
genre effect.”
Acoustic guided wave detection of grounding rod corrosion: equivalent circuit model and implementation
Authors: Durham Nicholas , Zhao Junhui , Bridges Gregory , Thomson Douglas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Acoustic pulse-echo systems, are effective for corrosion damage detection in buried individual ground rods without any need for excavation. In electric power distribution systems there are large numbers buried ground rods are used in substations to form a grounding networks that is critical for the protection of equipment and personnel working in the vicinity of the substation. Over time, these grounding rods will corrode and cease to provide adequate protection. In this work, we present an equivalent circuit model (ECM) for acoustic pulse-echo corrosion detection systems. The circuit model was used to develop a transducer configuration that effectively launches longitudinal acoustic waves that can accurately detect position and damage severity. We show that our model correctly predicts the temporal response from both undamaged rods and rods with machined simulated corrosion pits. The circuit model also accounts for loss, and the results show strong agreement with simulated soil-loss in laboratory experiments. Evidence of wave mode conversion is found in experimental data that is not captured by the model. Preliminary field measurements of copper-clad steel grounding rods are presented that show strong similarities to modeled results. This ECM is a promising basis for further development of pulse-echo systems for corrosion detection and may be useful for future tomographic analysis of field measurements.