bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Coal Mine environment Spherical Simulator
Authors: Fang Yiming , Li Qing , Chen Zhemin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A spherical coal mine environment simulator is developed. The spherical simulator is used to study the coal mine environment interference factors on the light scattering dust detector. The device can control the dust particle size, concentration, distribution and the environmental humidity as required. The best mixing plan of particles through simulation is established. Wireless transmission is realized between the sensor and the host computer.
Discussion and Research on informatization of Power Grid Infrastructure Project management
Authors: Ren Yu , Chai Linjie , Wang Lihuan , Ren Yaning , Shen Xiangliang , Gong Shijie , Gao Fan , Chu LI 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of China’s economy, the electric energy demand is increasing, and in recent years, it has been in the stage of rapid construction of power grid projects. Xiongan New Area begins to build substantively, and its tremendous leading and demonstration effect will gradually play a role. In the future, power grid construction will surely develop towards higher quality and efficiency. It is an inevitable trend to adopt advanced information technology to carry out project management. This paper will elaborate the related contents of power grid infrastructure project management and information management, make a thorough analysis of the current situation of power grid infrastructure project management informatization, discuss several factors that restrict the development of information technology, and put forward substantive suggestions for improving information management. Finally, this paper presents a management information system for power grid infrastructure projects.
Sulfur-doped porous carbon derived from waste polyphenylene sulfide for efficient adsorption removal of Cd2+ from simulated wastewater
Authors: Su Wentao , Tang Wenxiao , Zhu Zeping , Liu Yachun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sulfur-doped porous carbon materials were prepared from waste polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide as activator. The elemental composition (sulfur content) and the number of acid oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the samples were determined by elemental analysis and Boehm method, respectively. The effects of preparation temperature and adsorption conditions on the removal of Cd2+ from simulated wastewater were studied according to the amount of cadmium removal. The results showed that the sulfur-doped porous carbon materials prepared under the optimal preparation conditions had better adsorption properties as compared to HNO3 modified bamboo-derived biochar. This result is mainly due to the Lewis acid-base interaction between sulfur and Cd2+ in addition to the coordination of Cd2+ and oxygen-containing groups on the surface. Under the optimal adsorption conditions, the removal of cadmium in simulated wastewater can reach 98.74%. In conclusion, this cheap porous carbon material may be a useful adsorbent for cadmium.
New Type of Quenching Medium—Aerosol Quenching Research Summary
Authors: Wei Liuchuang , Wei Ping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Heat treatment has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of steel. In the heat treatment process of steel, the quenching process is particularly important. The quenching process largely determines the final quality and performance of the material. Compared with the traditional quenching process, the aerosol quenching process has many advantages. Adjusting the pressure of air and water, the cooling rate of the gas mist is between static air cooling and flowing water cooling, and the cooling rate is controllable, which can realize the ideal quenching cooling process. The components of the aerosol are water and gas in the air, with low energy consumption and no pollution. This article summarizes the research status of aerosol quenching based on traditional quenching process and new quenching process.
Comment on ‘On the relationship between Atlantic meridional overturning circulation slowdown and global surface warming’
Authors: Chen Xianyao , Tung Ka-Kit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The recent Environmental Research Letters article by Caesar, Rahmstorf and Feulner (hereafter CRF) is essentially a Comment on our Nature paper (Chen and Tung 2018 Nature
559 387–91), but without an accompanying rebuttal from us. In this unusual format for the exchange outside Nature, our rebuttal then becomes a Comment here at Environmental Research Letters. Our original proposal that the rate of global warming is enhanced by a weak Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) remains valid and is strengthened with this exchange. CRF used “established evidence” to argue against our finding, but such evidence is either misapplied (i.e. applying model results from preindustrial control runs with constant greenhouse gasses to the industrial era with increasing greenhouse gasses), or misinterpreted (i.e. climate model results for the industrial era specifically for the trends interpreted as for the AMOC cycles). While we used the observed energy budget to show that a strong (weak) AMOC transports more (less) heat to below 200 m, CRF replaces the actual budget with a simple energy-balance equation. They used an inappropriate equilibrium approximation to their simple equation to argue that global mean surface temperature (GMST) and AMOC should be in phase. We show here that the exact solution to that same equation actually supports our claim on the relationship between the rate of change of GMST and the AMOC state, which they misunderstood as we claiming a negative correlation between GMST and AMOC themselves. They claimed, incorrectly, that a positive correlation coefficient, no matter how small and even though none of them is statistically significant, is strong evidence that the two time series are in phase. The correlation coefficients that they found using observational data (0.01, 0.28 and 0.45), though positive, correspond to

89
∘

,

74
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,

63
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out of phase, far from being in-phase. Visually they were made to look somewhat in-phase with decadal smoothing and short-period detrending. Both model and observational evidence supports the conclusion of our original paper that the period of AMOC minimum is a period of rapid rate of surface warming.
Evaluation of CMIP5 and CMIP6 simulations of historical surface air temperature extremes using proper evaluation methods
Authors: Thorarinsdottir Thordis L , Sillmann Jana , Haugen Marion , Gissibl Nadine , Sandstad Marit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Reliable projections of extremes by climate models are becoming increasingly important in the context of climate change and associated societal impacts. Extremes are by definition rare events, characterized by a small sample associated with large uncertainties. The evaluation of extreme events in model simulations thus requires performance measures that compare full distributions rather than simple summaries. This paper proposes the use of the integrated quadratic distance (IQD) for this purpose. The IQD is applied to evaluate CMIP5 and CMIP6 simulations of monthly maximum and minimum near-surface air temperature over Europe and North America against both observation-based data and reanalyses. Several climate models perform well to the extent that these models’ performance is competitive with the performance of another data product in simulating the evaluation set. While the model rankings vary with region, season and index, the model evaluation is robust against changes in the grid resolution considered in the analysis. When the model simulations are ranked based on their similarity with the ERA5 reanalysis, more CMIP6 than CMIP5 models appear at the top of the ranking. When evaluated against the HadEX2 data product, the overall performance of the two model ensembles is similar.
Evaluation of the biochar effect on co-contaminated soils by the fitotesting method
Authors: Barakhov Anatoly , Minkina Tatiana , Sushkova Svetlana , Dudnikova Tamara , Barbashev Andrey , Lobzenko Ilia , Chernikova Natalia , Kalinitchenko Valery 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the conditions of the adjacent location of agricultural land with industrial land, there is a continuous soil contamination of the territories adjacent to the emission sources. There is a threat of hazardous ecotoxicants migration, including heavy metals and benzo[a]pyrene, one of the main persistent compound, the marker of soil PAHs pollution, along trophic chains, which can be dangerous for a public health. In this study, the technology of biochar manufacturing from sunflower husks tested for improving the territories adjacent to technogenic emissions sources of heavy metals and PAHs. Using scanning electron microscopy showed that the resulting sorbent has a high specific surface area. With the help of phyto-testing, the optimal dose of the sorbent introduction into the combined contaminated soil was determined in the level of the 1% and 2%. The use of a sorbent in an amount of 1% significantly increased the root length of the test culture by 3.5 times as compared to the variant without adding the sorbent. The biochar applying into the contaminated soil contributed to an increase in the length of the barley root that confirms the effectively of the developed sorbent remediation of the co-contaminated soils.
A framework to assess success criteria performance of public private partnership (PPP) toll road projects in Indonesia
Authors: Kristiawan F , Rohman M A , Machsus  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Public Private Partnership (PPP) is widely used to bridge infrastructure projects in the world. PPP arises as a result of the ongoing budget constraints faced by various governments and part of the limited private sector opportunities in infrastructure development. In Indonesia, the implementation of PPP has not been successfully implemented. In 2017, 22 PPP projects were offered, but only 5 projects were signed. According to previous studies, there are some problems related to PPP implementation in Indonesia. Referring to this, PPP project success criteria are very important to be defined to assess the success of this type of project. Data collection procedure consists of preliminary survey involving experts in the field to verify the research attributes, followed by main survey to collect respondents’ perception regarding the attributes using Likert Scale. Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) is proposed to measure the performance of each success criterion in each respondent sector and followed by gap analysis to investigate critical gaps between them. The results of this paper are a methodological framework model that presents a gap implementation and a performance of the successful PPP criteria for toll road projects in Indonesia. These results can be used to assess the performance of PPPs in Indonesia.
Evaluation of the maturity level and critical success factors of the knowledge management implemented in state-owned construction company in Indonesia
Authors: Septari A W , Latief Y 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The implementation of Knowledge Management (KM) is considered a sustainable approach to overcome the challenges in the increasingly competitive construction field. This means there is a need to recognize the importance of this concept as a strategic asset to improve organizational performance in the industry. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of KM implementation in State-Owned Construction Company (SOCC) in Indonesia. The research was conducted in three stages with the first focusing on the KM maturity level (KMML) while the second was on KM critical success factor (KM CSF). Both stages made use of literature review, expert validation, and questionnaires but KMML was developed using a spreadsheet to identify strengths and future development of KM factors while KM CSF was formulated with the use of descriptive analysis and Relative Importance Index to rank KM factors. Furthermore, the third stage involved recommended strategies to improve KM using literature review, gap analysis, and expert validation. The results showed the KMML of SOCC is at level 3 of 5, 7 CSFs ranking based on the level of importance and the KM culture factor was recommended to be prioritized to improve KM implementation in SOCC in Indonesia.
The selection of the International Port Design Standards applicable for Indonesia
Authors: Dyah I W , Fuddoly  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
As of today, almost all the engineer, experts, and student in Indonesia face confusion and edginess concerning designing of Port Infrastructure, mainly due to the absence of a design Standards legally valid for domestic purpose. On the other hand, several standards or guide lines or codes are available and internationally recognized and applied in many places for many years solely without unaffiliated standards. 3 (three) International standards are selected for evaluation to be thoroughly adapted to the Design Standards of Indonesia are British Standards (BS 6349), the German Standards (EAU 2004), and the Standards Design Criteria for Port and Harbor in Japan (OCDI, 2009). The criteria applied during evaluation and selection process based on the observation output from about 300 selected projects within Indonesia. Finally, the British Standards proved to give the best matched for the condition of Indonesia.
Numerical rainfall-runoff model of Cimanuk Watershed before and after the operation of Jatigede Reservoir
Authors: Widayati R M , Lasminto U 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cimanuk watershed is one of the watersheds in West Java that has critical land. Critical land resulted in a Cimanuk watershed becomes a flood and drought. The management of Cimanuk Watershed water availability is done by regulating water supply from the Cimanuk River with the contruction of Jatigede Reservoir. The watershed hydrological process is the relationship between inputs in the form of rainfall, process, and output in the form of runoff. The process of converting rainfall into runoff is very complex, therefore, simplifying the rainfall-runoff model approach is needed. Hydrologic Engineering Center-hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) is one of the models for simulating rainfall into runoff. The purpose of the study is to simulate the availability of water surface at Cimanuk Hulu watershed using HEC-HMS hydrological modeling system based on before and after the operation of Jatigede reservoir. The results showed that the calibration of the model produced an NSE value of 0,640. On the other hand, the best validation results was in 2018 with NSE of 0,576 with the peak discharge value before the operation of the reservoir was of 456,8 m
3/s, and after modified with the presence of Jatigede Reservoir, peak discharge became 131,9 m
3/s.
Analysis of water surface profile and flood discharge of Cijangkelok river
Authors: Sjarief A W P , Lasminto U 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The downstream of Cisanggarung River Basin is often affected by floods with an increasing degree of intensity every year. For instance, the 2017 severe floods caused economic losses and fatalities, especially along the border of Cirebon and Brebes Regency. The flood was attributed to high rainfall intensity and the meeting point between Cisanggarung River and the Cijangkelok River. Therefore, a study on the flood in this area is highly vital to reduce the affected area in the future. This study aims to analyze the maximum flood discharge capacity in the Cijangkelok River and analyze cross-sectional river capacity using numerical model simulations. Based on the hydrological calculations and analysis, it is known that the planned flood discharge in the Cijangkelok River in the 5-year return period is 256,25 m3/s, the 10-year return period is 310,35 m3/s, the 25-year return period is 392,91 m3/s, and the 50-year return period is 465,93 m3/s. The analysis of the water surface profile of each flood discharge return period shows that overflow occurs in the cross-section 4090, 8254, 9166, 9753, and 11970. It is also revealed that the existing cross-section of the Cijangkelok River is unable to accommodate hydrological discharge. Field visit results show that the river has siltation or sedimentation, the river embankments are irregular, and land-use changes around the Cijangkelok River that affects the river.
Hall-Petch relationship of interstitial-free steel with a wide grain size range processed by asymmetric rolling and subsequent annealing
Authors: Fu Bin , Pei Chenghao , Pan Hongbo , Guo Yanhui , Fu Liming , Shan Aidang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Asymmetric rolling (ASR) is an efficient processing for fabricating ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials. In the present investigation, interstitial-free (IF) steels with the grain size ranged from 500 nm to 500 μm were obtained by asymmetric rolling and subsequent annealing. The evolution of microstructures and mechanical properties of IF steel were studied. Accordingly, the Hall-Petch relationship of IF steel with a wide grain size range was established. It was found that ultimate tensile strength (UTS) corresponds well to the Hall-Petch relationship over the whole grain size range. However, the yield strength (YS) and hardness deviated from the Hall-Petch relationship as the grain size is larger than 100 μm, which is mainly attributed to the slight effect of grain boundary as obstacle on the dislocation movement and/or pile-up under small deformation in coarse grain (CG).
A comparison of two national frailty scoring systems
Authors: Hollinghurst Joe , Housley Gemma , Watkins Alan , Clegg Andrew , Gilbert Thomas , Conroy Simon P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The electronic Frailty Index (eFI) has been developed in primary care settings. The Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) was derived using secondary care data.

Objective
Compare the two different tools for identifying frailty in older people admitted to hospital.

Design and Setting
Retrospective cohort study using the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank, comprising 126,600 people aged 65+ who were admitted as an emergency to hospital in Wales from January 2013 up until December 2017.

Methods
Pearson’s correlation coefficient and weighted kappa were used to assess the correlation between the tools. Cox and logistic regression were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs). The Concordance statistic and area under the receiver operating curves (AUROC) were estimated to determine discrimination.

Results
Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.26 and the weighted kappa was 0.23. Comparing the highest to the least frail categories in the two scores the HRs for 90-day mortality, 90-day emergency readmission and care home admissions within 1-year using the HFRS were 1.41, 1.69 and 4.15 for the eFI 1.16, 1.63 and 1.47. Similarly, the ORs for inpatient death, length of stay greater than 10 days and readmission within 30-days were 1.44, 2.07 and 1.52 for the HFRS, and 1.21, 1.21 and 1.44 for the eFI. AUROC was determined as having no clinically relevant difference between the tools.

Conclusions
The eFI and HFRS have a low correlation between their scores. The HRs and ORs were higher for the increasing frailty categories for both the HFRS and eFI.
Factors Associated With Persistence and Clearance of High-Risk Oral Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Among Participants in the HPV Infection in Men (HIM) Study
Authors: Bettampadi Deepti , Sirak Bradley A , Abrahamsen Martha E , Reich Richard R , Villa Luisa L , Ponce Eduardo Lazcano , Giuliano Anna R 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV)–attributable oropharyngeal cancer (HPV-OPC) incidence is increasing in many high-income countries among men. Factors associated with oral HPV persistence, the precursor of HPV-OPC, are unknown. Data from the HPV Infection in Men (HIM) Study, which followed participants &gt;7 years, were utilized to examine rates of persistence and associated factors.

Methods
Oral gargle samples from 3095 HIM study participants were HPV genotyped using the SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25 assay (DDL Diagnostic Laboratory). Oral HPV persistence for individual and grouped high-risk HPV types among 184 men positive for any high-risk HPV at their oral baseline visit was assessed at 6-month intervals. Factors associated with grouped high-risk HPV/HPV16 persistence were examined using logistic regression. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to examine median time to HPV clearance overall, and by selected risk factors.

Results
Among the 7 HPV vaccine types, HPV33 had the longest median duration (7.6 months) followed by HPV16 and HPV45 (6.4 months). 10–30% of oral high-risk HPV infections persisted ≥24 months. Six months’ persistence of oral high-risk HPV infections was positively associated with age and gingivitis and negatively with lifetime number of sexual partners, while 12 months’ persistence was only inversely associated with lifetime number of sexual partners. Oral HPV16 persistence was positively associated with baseline HPV16 L1 antibody status.

Conclusions
Eighteen percent of HPV16 infections persisted beyond 24 months, potentially conferring higher risk of HPV-OPC among these men. Older age appears to be an important factor associated with oral high-risk HPV persistence. More studies among healthy men are required to understand the progression of oral HPV infection to HPV-OPC.
High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin, Natriuretic Peptide, and Long-Term Risk of Acute Kidney Injury: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Ishigami Junichi , Kim Yuhree , Sang Yingying , Menez Steven P , Grams Morgan E , Skali Hicham , Shah Amil M , Hoogeveen Ron C , Selvin Elizabeth , Solomon Scott D , Ballantyne Christie M , Coresh Josef , Matsushita Kunihiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Cardiac markers such as high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro-B natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) are predictors of developing acute kidney injury (AKI) during hospitalization for surgery or revascularization. However, their associations with the long-term risk of AKI in the general population are uncharacterized.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study in 10 669 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (visit 4, 1996–1998, mean age, 63 years, 56% female, 22% black race) to examine the association of plasma concentrations of hs-cTnT and NTproBNP with the incident hospitalization with AKI. We used multivariable Cox regression analysis to estimate hazard ratios (HRs).

Results
During follow-up, 1907 participants had an incident hospitalization with AKI. Participants with higher concentrations of hs-cTnT had a higher risk of hospitalization with AKI in a graded fashion (adjusted HR, 1.88 [95%CI , 1.59–2.21] for ≥14 ng/L, 1.36 [1.18–1.57] for 9–13 ng/L, and 1.16 [1.03–1.30] for 5-8 ng/L compared to &lt;5 ng/L). The graded association was also observed for NTproBNP (HR, 2.27 [1.93–2.68] for ≥272.7 pg/mL, 1.67 [1.45–1.93] for 142.4–272.6 pg/mL, and 1.31 [1.17–1.47] for 64.0-142.3 pg/mL compared to &lt;64.0 pg/mL). The addition of hs-cTnT and NTproBNP to a model with established predictors significantly improved 10-year risk prediction for hospitalization with AKI (Δc-statistic, 0.015 [95%CI, 0.006–0.024]).

Conclusions
In middle-aged to older black and white adults in the community, higher concentrations of hs-cTnT and NTproBNP were robustly associated with an increased risk of hospitalization with AKI. These results suggest the usefulness of hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP to identify people at risk of AKI in the general population.