bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalencia de complicaciones en pacientes sometidos a catéter, que ingresaron a una unidad de hemodiálisis en un centro hospitalario de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, durante el período marzo-octubre 2019
Authors: Del Orbe Alfredo Polanco , Bisonó Daniel , Hernández Paola , Matos Bianna , Rojas Jhonatan , Mateo Faxas Nirys L. , Pérez Soto Lorent , Rosario Zorrilla Erika P. , Zorrilla Rosario , Valdez Polanco Leslie C. 
Published: June 2020

Introducción: la insuficiencia renal crónica se define como la pérdida progresiva, generalmente irreversible, de la tasa de filtración glomerular, se traduce en un conjunto de síntomas y signos a los cuales se les denomina síndrome urémico y que en su estado terminal es incompatible con la vida.
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de complicaciones en pacientes sometidos a catéter que ingresaron a una unidad de hemodiálisis en un centro hospitalario de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana durante el periodo marzo-octubre 2019.
Metodología: estudio retro-prospectivo, descriptivo, de corte transversal y observacional en el que se analizaron las encuestas realizadas a 59 pacientes mediante un formulario en un centro hospitalario de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.
Resultados: el 61 % de los pacientes tuvo alguna complicación, donde predominaron las infecciones en un 56 % de los casos, las mismas se observaron principalmente en aquellos pacientes a los que se les colocó de 5 a 6 catéteres.
Conclusiones: los pacientes de la unidad con catéter presentan un gran número de complicaciones, las cuales son proporcionales al número de catéteres colocados a los pacientes.
Recomendaciones: se debe promover la asistencia a consultas nefrológicas previa al inicio de hemodiálisis, para que de esta forma los pacientes ingresen a diálisis con fístula arteriovenosa funcional y obtener mejores resultados.
The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Insulin Sensitivity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Pramono Adriyan , Jocken Johan W.E. , Blaak Ellen E. , van Baak Marleen A. 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUNDVitamin D has been suggested to affect peripheral insulin sensitivity. Evidence regarding the effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin sensitivity is still conflicting.PURPOSEThis meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin sensitivity in humans with or at risk for insulin resistance.DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTIONPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 1980 until 31 December 2018 reporting treatment effects of vitamin D supplementation on insulin sensitivity.DATA EXTRACTIONThe main outcome of interest was the change in insulin sensitivity, derived from the gold standard hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp or the Matsuda index derived from the oral glucose tolerance test and insulin sensitivity index from intravenous glucose tolerance test. We extracted data on the standardized mean difference between the vitamin D treatment and placebo groups in change from baseline insulin sensitivity.DATA SYNTHESISEighteen RCTs were included in this meta-analysis comparing vitamin D supplementation (n = 612) with placebo (n = 608). Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on insulin sensitivity (standardized mean difference −0.01, 95% CI −0.12, 0.10; P = 0.87, I2 = 0%). Visual inspection of funnel plot symmetry did not suggest potential publication bias.LIMITATIONSThe number of individuals who participated in the included studies was relatively small, possibly due to the invasive character of the measurement (e.g., clamp).CONCLUSIONSThis meta-analysis provides no evidence that vitamin D supplementation has a beneficial effect on peripheral insulin sensitivity in people with or at risk for insulin resistance.
Cost-effectiveness of Diabetes Prevention Interventions Targeting High-risk Individuals and Whole Populations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhou Xilin , Siegel Karen R. , Ng Boon Peng , Jawanda Shawn , Proia Krista K. , Zhang Xuanping , Albright Ann L. , Zhang Ping 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE
We conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating the cost-effectiveness (CE) of interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) among high-risk individuals and whole populations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Interventions targeting high-risk individuals are those that identify people at high risk of developing T2D and then treat them with either lifestyle or metformin interventions. Population-based prevention strategies are those that focus on the whole population regardless of the level of risk, creating public health impact through policy implementation, campaigns, and other environmental strategies. We systematically searched seven electronic databases for studies published in English between 2008 and 2017. We grouped lifestyle interventions targeting high-risk individuals by delivery method and personnel type. We used the median incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), measured in cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) or cost saved to measure the CE of interventions. We used the $50,000/QALY threshold to determine whether an intervention was cost-effective or not. ICERs are reported in 2017 U.S. dollars.

RESULTS
Our review included 39 studies: 28 on interventions targeting high-risk individuals and 11 targeting whole populations. Both lifestyle and metformin interventions in high-risk individuals were cost-effective from a health care system or a societal perspective, with median ICERs of $12,510/QALY and $17,089/QALY, respectively, compared with no intervention. Among lifestyle interventions, those that followed a Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) curriculum had a median ICER of $6,212/QALY, while those that did not follow a DPP curriculum had a median ICER of $13,228/QALY. Compared with lifestyle interventions delivered one-on-one or by a health professional, those offered in a group setting or provided by a combination of health professionals and lay health workers had lower ICERs. Among population-based interventions, taxing sugar-sweetened beverages was cost-saving from both the health care system and governmental perspectives. Evaluations of other population-based interventions—including fruit and vegetable subsidies, community-based education programs, and modifications to the built environment—showed inconsistent results.

CONCLUSIONS
Most of the T2D prevention interventions included in our review were found to be either cost-effective or cost-saving. Our findings may help decision makers set priorities and allocate resources for T2D prevention in real-world settings.
Pedagogisen Haltijan kuiskaus -materiaalin soveltaminen varhaiskasvatuksessa J. A. Hollon sivistyskasvatusajattelun luentana
Authors: Sintonen Sara , Nordström Alexandra , Sairanen Heidi , Kumpulainen Kristiina 
Published: June 2020

Artikkeli liittyy kulttuurikasvatuksen toteuttamiseen varhaiskasvatuksessa. Tarkastelemme, kuinka sivistyskasvatus heijastuu varhaiskasvatuksen opettajien erilaisissa tavoissa soveltaa erästä suomalaisiin luontouskomuksiin ja myytteihin liittyvää pedagogista materiaalia. Sivistyskasvatuksella viittaamme J. A. Hollon (1895–1967) ajatuksiin kasvatuksesta. Hollon sivistyskasvatusajattelun ytimessä ovat muun muassa luovuus, mielikuvittelu ja ilo, jotka kiteytyvät älyllisen, eettisen, esteettisen ja toiminnallisen kasvatuksen toteuttamisessa. Kulttuuri, sivistys ja taiteet olivat Hollolle tärkeitä kasvatusta ohjaavia seikkoja; myös tarinoiden merkitys ja voima korostuvat Hollon ajattelussa. Nämä näyttäytyvät tutkimuksessamme tärkeinä varhaiskasvatukseen liittyvän kulttuurikasvatuksen ja pedagogisen kehittämisen taustoittajina.

The adaptation of pedagogical material Whisper of the Spirit in early childhood education as a reading of J. A. Hollo's educational thinking
Abstract
This article is related to implementing cultural education in early childhood education. We consider how early childhood education teachers' various ways of adapting a pedagogical material about Finnish nature beliefs and myths are reflecting the idea of Bildung. We are especially focusing on Juho August Hollo's (1895–1967) educational thinking. Hollo emphasized creativity, imagination and joy, together with intellectual, ethical, aesthetic and experiential education. In his educational thinking, culture, education and arts were influential, as well as the meaning and power of stories. In our research, these are important bases of cultural education and pedagogical development in early childhood education.
Keywords: Juho August Hollo, culture education, nature beliefs, Bildung, early childhood education
Entrega del bastón de mando: simbología indígena y política en dos ceremonias
Authors: Alonso Gutiérrez Milvet Rebeca 
Published: June 2020

El bastón de mando es un elemento importante en varias culturas indígenas de México como la de los chichimecas-otomíes representados por los danzantes Concheros del estado de Querétaro. En este trabajo analizo el performance hecho políticamente (Linchentfel y Rouse) en la entrega de este elemento simbólico a dos figuras políticas (presidente municipal y gobernador) dentro del marco de dos ceremonias conmemorativas, una de carácter político y otra cultural y espiritual. Asimismo, indago cómo por una parte la identidad indígena se opone al estado (Friedman) pero es también un aliado que puede proteger derechos civiles y tal vez proporcionar nuevas oportunidades (Haley).
Gender and University: Factors that Influence Peruvian Midwives’ Employment and Wages
Authors: Pacovilca-Alejo Olga Vicentina , Zea-Montesinos Cesar Cipriano , Reginaldo-Huamaní Rafael , Pacovilca-Alejo Gelber Sebasti , Villa-Jurado Michael Cristian , Quispe-Ilanzo Melisa Pamela , Oyola-García Alfredo Enrique 
Published: June 2020

Although a reduction in economic inequality has been reported in Peru, there are wage differences for professionals in the labour market mediated by structural determinants. Gender and university could be related to this problem. A secondary analysis of the “National Survey of University Graduates and Universities, 2014” was performed to analyse the influence of gender and university on employment and wages in the Peruvian midwifery labour market through a multivariate analysis. The chi square, p-value, odds ratio – crude and adjusted – and a 95 per cent confidence interval were calculated. The results allow concluding that gender and university determine unemployment and low wages in the Peruvian midwifery labour market. Female health workers experience a higher risk of unemployment, working in jobs that are not related to their professional training, and low payment. Midwives from public or upcountry universities experience a higher risk of unemployment and low wages. Working in jobs that are not related to the professional training was determined by coming from private and upcountry universities; it was a factor associated with low wages and the probability for having to do two jobs. It is necessary to improve governmental interventions to eliminate these barriers, of which the issue of remuneration is the most important.
Uptake of Premarital Genetic Counselling: Awareness and Demand
Authors: Foluke Nike Bolu-Steve 
Published: June 2020

The prevalence of genetic disorders in Nigeria has become a concern to medical practitioners. Premarital genetic counselling is crucial in the prevention of hereditary disorders, congenital abnormalities and different health problems. This study therefore investigated the correlation between awareness and the need for the uptake of genetic counselling among the students of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. A quantitative correlational research design was adopted for this study using the questionnaire, Awareness and Need for the Uptake of Genetic Counselling Scale (ANUGCS), as a data collection tool. The instrument had 3 sections; Section A contained information on the demographic characteristics of the respondents, Section B had 5 items on students’ awareness, and Section C had 15 items on the need for the uptake of genetic counselling. The purposive sampling technique was adopted in choosing 4 faculties while proportionate sampling was used in selecting 249 respondents across the university. The data obtained were analysed using percentages and mean scores. The Pearson product moment correlation and a regression analysis were used to test the null hypotheses and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. This study would be of significance to students, intending couples, medical personnel and parents. The results of this study show that (1) the respondents were fully aware of genetic counselling; (2) the need for the uptake of premarital genetic counselling by the respondents was high; and (3) gender significantly influenced the need for the uptake of premarital genetic counselling while age did not. It was therefore recommended that school clinics employ the services of trained genetic counsellors. These counsellors can assist medical practitioners whose clients need counselling about their genetic status.
Nursing Students’ Self-Efficacy in Cardiac Critical Care: A Novel Pre-Internship Educational Package
Authors: Ataee Shima , Aazami Sanaz , Direkvand-Moghadam Ashraf , Norozi Siros , Mozafari Mosayeb 
Published: June 2020

Clinical teaching is the core of nursing education and together with the decrease in clinical learning opportunities should be top priority for research attention. This study aimed to determine the effects of an educational pre-internship package on nursing students’ self-efficacy to deliver critical care. This controlled experimental study was conducted among 37 nursing students selected by using the census sampling method. The educational intervention was performed for three days in a case group, before beginning the internship. The data were collected using a demographic information questionnaire, the self-efficacy-in-clinical-performance questionnaire, and 10 clinical scenarios. The self-efficacy of the test group was examined at baseline and after the intervention, and then compared with the control group. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24, through an independent t-test and paired t-test. The results showed that the intervention resulted in a significant difference (p < 0.001) in the total score of self-efficacy between the case (161.26 ± 6.07) and control (119.72 ± 10.13) groups .In addition, the correlation between self-efficacy and score of the students’ performance was significantly positive (89%, p < 0.001). Also, there was a series of significant differences (p < 0.001) in the mean scores of examining the patient, the nursing diagnosis, care planning, implementing the care plan, and assessing the care plan between cases and controls. The results of this study indicated that the educational pre-internship package for cardiac critical care has a positive effect on promoting nursing students’ self-efficacy. These findings can be used as a strategy to enhance students’ competency before entering the internship and graduation.
The Africanisation Of South African Civil Procedure: The Way Forward
Authors: Cassim Fawzia , Mabeka Nomulelo Queen 
Published: June 2020

Civil procedure enforces the rules and provisions of civil law. The law of civil procedure involves the issuing, service and filing of documents to initiate court proceedings in the superior courts and lower courts. Indeed, notice of legal proceedings is given to every person to ensure compliance with the audi alteram partem maxim (“hear the other side”). There are various rules and legislation that regulate these court proceedings such as inter alia, the Superior Courts Act, 2013, Uniform Rules of Court, Constitution Seventeenth Amendment Act, 2012 and the Magistrates’ Courts Act of 1944. The rules of court are binding on a court by virtue of their nature. The purpose of these rules is to facilitate inexpensive and efficient legislation. However, civil procedure does not only depend on statutory provisions and the rules of court. Common law also plays a role. Superior Courts are said to exercise inherent jurisdiction in that its jurisdiction is derived from common law. It is noteworthy that whilst our rules of court and statutes are largely based on the English law, Roman-Dutch law also has an impact on our procedural law. The question thus arises, how can our law of civil procedure transform to accommodate elements of Africanisation as we are part and parcel of the African continent/diaspora? In this regard, the article examines the origins of Western-based civil procedure, our formal court systems, the impact of the Constitution on traditional civil procedure, the use of dispute resolution mechanisms in Western legal systems and African culture, an overview of the Traditional Courts Bill of 2012 and the advent of the Traditional Courts Bill of 2017. The article also examines how the contentious Traditional Courts Bills of 2012 and 2017 will transform or complement the law of civil procedure and apply in practice once it is passed into law.
Management of a large intraorbital wooden foreign body: Case report
Authors: Jabang John Nute , Dampha Lamin , Sanyang Binta , Roberts Charles Adeyemi , Ceesay Bakary 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Intraorbital foreign bodies are a global injury and occur with a frequency of one in six orbital injuries; however, intraorbital wooden foreign bodies are uncommon. Intraorbital wooden foreign bodies predominantly affect the male population with a mean age ranging from 21 to 22 years. The diagnosis of intraorbital wooden foreign bodies depending on their size can be challenging on imaging and if not removed early the risk of infection is high.

Case Description:
A 23-year-old motorcyclist presented to the ER following a collision with a donkey cart carrying wood 3 h before presentation. Examination revealed an acutely ill-looking man in painful distress with a right supraorbital laceration associated with ipsilateral ptosis and periorbital edema. There was a retained intraorbital wooden foreign body. Computed tomography scan showed evidence of both an intraorbital bone fragment and a wooden foreign body. Surgery was done 3rd day of admission before which vision has declined with only perception to light. Only the wooden foreign body was removed. Evolution was favorable with recovery of vision and improvement of the ptosis.

Conclusion:
The management of intraorbital wooden foreign bodies demands a multidisciplinary approach after a thorough history, examination, and imaging. Treatment of choice is timely and meticulous removal of the foreign body to avoid infection and other associated complications.
Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cervical Epidural Abscess and/or Cervical Vertebral Osteomyelitis with or without Retropharyngeal Abscess; A Review
Authors: Epstein Nancy 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Every year approximately 19.6 patients/100,000 per year are admitted to hospitals with spinal epidural abscesses (CSEA), 7.4/100,000 have vertebral osteomyelitis (VO)/100,000/year, while 4.1/100.000 children/year have cervical retropharyngeal abscesses (RPA) (i.e., data insufficient for adults).

Methods:
Here we evaluated 11 individual case studies, 6 multiple patient series, and looked at 9 general review articles focusing on CSEA, and/or VO, with/without RPA.

Results:
Of the 11 case studies involving 15 patients, 14 had cervical spinal epidural abscesses (CSEA: 10 CSEA/ VO/RPA, 2 CSEA/VO, 1 CSEA/TSEA, 1 CSEA/ TSEA/LSEA), 13 had cervical osteomyelitis (VO: 11 VO/CSEA, 2 VO/RPA), and 12 had cervical retropharyngeal abscesses (RPA: 10 RPA/CSEA/VO, 2 RPA/VO alone). When patients were treated surgically, they required 12 anterior, and 2 posterior approaches; 1 patient required no surgery. In the 6 larger cervical series involving 355 patients, 4 series involved CSEA (3 CSEA, 1 CSEA/VO), and 2 seires had cervical VO. Primary surgery was performed in 298 patients, while 57 were initially managed medically; 24 of these latter patients failed non-surgical therapy, and required delayed cervical surgery. Notably, all 17 clinical studies advocated early surgery where clinically appropriate for varying combinations of CSEA and/or VO with or without RPA. The 8 final articles reviewed all-levels of SEA and or VO, while also providing additional unique information regarding RPA.

Conclusion:
We analyzed 11 case studies and 6 multiple case series regarding the diagnosis and treatment of combinations of cervical CSEA, and/or VO with or without RPA. We also reviewed 8 articles on the evaluation/ management of all-level SEAs and/or VOs, along with the unique features of RPAs.
Atypical sellar cyst: A rare case
Authors: Ali Nimrah , Shakeel Areesha , Shaikh Yousuf , Sharif Salman , Hashmi Atif 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Sellar cysts are common in neurosurgery. Around 90% of these are diagnosed as pituitary adenomas. The other 10% are nonadenomatous, inflammatory, infective, metastatic, or cystic in nature. Some rare cysts include dermoid, epidermoid, colloid, and arachnoid. They all have different histological features. The case we present demonstrates a unique cyst with features that are not previously documented.

Case Description:
A 60-year-old female presented to the neurosurgical department complaining of blurring of vision and severe headache for more than ½ year. Imaging was done which revealed a bony erosive lesion in the region of sella. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast showed high signals with no contrast enhancement. A clear diagnosis could not be made based on radiology. Surgery was done and sample was sent for histopathology. Based on histopathological report findings, a diagnosis of benign atypical sellar cyst was made. Post procedure, the patient recovered and was discharged.

Conclusion:
Sellar cysts present similarly. They are differentiated based on their histological features. The sellar cyst we encountered had features different from the ones already described in the literature.
Surveying support for child and youth political participation in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Phillips LG , Ritchie Jenny , Perales F 
Published: June 2020

© 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Recent decades have witnessed increased empirical and policy interest in children’s citizenship, particularly since the ratification of the United Nations Declaration of Children’s Rights. However, support for children’s active citizenship is often hindered by the pervasiveness of discourses that characterise children as innocent, developing, and free from responsibility. Public and governmental decision-making largely excludes children’s consultation and contributions, often determined by age alone. To quantifiably assess the amount of public support for children’s political participation, we commissioned a Likert scale survey question on degrees of support for children and youth (across four age groups between 3 and 18 year olds) having the opportunity to influence government decisions, in the Australian and New Zealand 2016 versions of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP). Analysis of responses to this question in relation to demographic survey data indicate variation in preferences for different age groups, and that age, gender, and political party preference of respondents were variables of significance for both nations. These variables point to potential predictors of attitudes toward political participation of children and youth which have relevance for policymakers and educators in relation to provision of programmes that will increase the engagement of children and youth in government decision-making.