bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
787 Burn Resuscitation Critical Reflective Practice
Authors: Schoonard Jennifer , Lee Jeanne , Strait Eli , Cabrera Jeremy , Garner Jen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The Burn Resuscitation Critical Reflective Practice (CRP) was started as collaborative meetings to review 1st 48 hours of admission for burn resuscitations (resus) October 2018- July 2019. All multi- disciplinary teams were invited.
The problem identified was on average burn resus patients (&gt;20% TBSA) were being over resuscitated in 1st 24 hours of admission.
The goals of the CRP were: 1) Decrease resus fluid in the 1st 24 hours; 2) Increase knowledge of the current fluid resus pathway; 3) Increase communication with interdisciplinary teams during the resus.

Methods
CRP initiated in October 2018. 6 CRPs were held October 2018- July 2019.The average ml/ KG/ TBSA prior to CRP from January 2017- September 2018 was 5.17ml/kg/TBSA (goal: &lt; 4ml).
Chart reviews were done to gather data from each resus (i.e. urine output, fluids, labs, events). Discussions held with staff involved in the 1st 24 hours of resus regarding any communication/process issues.Patient data was presented & staff members present would discuss questions/ issues that came up during the resus.
Multi-disciplinary teams surveyed prior to CRP to assess comfort/competence with current resus pathway and communication. 46 surveys received prior to initiating CRP. After initiating CRP October 2018- July 2019, staff members that had attended &gt;1 CRP were post-surveyed.

Results
January 2017- October 2018 average ml/ KG/ TBSA was 5.17ml/kg/TBSA. October 2018- July 2019 POST CRP implementation, the avg ml/ KG/ TBSA was 3.86 ml LR/ kg/ TBSA in 1st 24 hours of resus.
3 new practices were implemented 1) Decrease fluids by 200ml/hr (instead of 100) when UOP is &gt;100/hr at least 2 hours into resus; 2) Double sign by 2 RNs required when calculating Parkland Formula; 3) Guideline created to guide communication between Burn RNs & trauma bay when burn resus arrives.
Post- survey data showed increase in comfort communicating with physicians regarding resus & increase in comfort/confidence in calculating Parkland Formula. 2 additional subjective questions were added onto the post- CRP survey.

Conclusions
Fluids given in the 1st 24 hours decreased from 5.17 to 3.86 average ml/ kg/ TBSA post- CRP. 3 new practices were implemented as discussed in results. Staff felt more comfortable communicating with team & calculating Parkland formula. Staff had positive responses on the post- survey.

Applicability of Research to Practice
The monthly CRPs are to be continued to discuss all burn resus patients received during the prior month. Allows team members to continue to modify practice as needed by what’s learned through each CRP to help better our patient outcomes and decrease overall resus fluids.
796 Use of a Synthetic Matrix Instead of Allograft for Temporizing a Major Burn
Authors: Burton Timothy , Wenta Samantha , Savetamal Alisa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Cryopreserved cadaveric skin allograft is often used in our burn center as a temporary covering after burn excision. While allograft affords many benefits for the burn wound, it also often fails to engraft, particularly in large burns, thus requiring a return to the operating room for exchange. We report here our experience with using a synthetic dermal matrix in two patients with large burns. Using a synthetic dermal matrix has allowed the safe management of a large burn with decreased need to return to the operating room for allograft exchange.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was undertaken of two patients, who presented sequentially to the burn unit. Both patients were male, in their 30s, and otherwise healthy. Each had sustained 55% TBSA burns; the lower extremities of both were deeply injured (deep partial- and full-thickness). In each patient, the left leg was treated with the institution’s standard of excision, allografting, allograft exchange, and then split-thickness skin grafting. The right leg after excision was placed at least partially in a synthetic dermal matrix with a smaller area of allografting as needed. The time from application of the dermal matrix to delamination and split-thickness skin grafting of the right leg was noted.

Results
In patient #1, the time from matrix application to delamination and STSG was 31 days. In patient #2, it was 26 days (see Table 1). Patient #1 had 4446cm2 of matrix applied, while 2268cm2 were used in patient #2. For both of these patients, the right leg was largely left undisturbed during this time, while the left leg underwent allograft exchange and split-thickness skin grafting. Had these patients’ right legs required allograft exchange once weekly, the use of allograft (which is provided in 232cm2 packages) would have been much higher. Patient #1 would have required roughly 20 units of allograft every week for 5 weeks (100 units total). Patient #2, with half the area and a slightly quicker time to grafting, would have required 40 units in total. A substantial cost savings in allograft was realized by use of this matrix and does not include the operating room costs saved.

Conclusions
Application of a synthetic dermal matrix to a well-excised burn wound can allow for decreased use of allograft in large burns, where allograft is traditionally applied and exchanged as a temporizing measure. This can result in a significant decrease in product use, the operative time spent exchanging these allografts, and the patient blood loss that inevitably accompanies allograft exchange.

Applicability of Research to Practice
Synthetic dermal matrix can be safely and effectively used for coverage of large burns, with significant cost savings compared to use of cadaveric skin.
838 An Economical Alternative to Static Progressive Splinting of the Elbow
Authors: Siwy Katherine G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction
A common musculoskeletal complication of burn trauma are elbow extension contractures which can have disabling effects on both daily living skills and leisure activities. One intervention which is used by Therapists to maximize active range of motion in these cases are static progressive splints. The benefit of static progressive is providing a continued gentle stretch, which is adjustable, to maximize length of connective tissues and improve joint pliability. These types of splint can be custom made or purchased commercially to the cost of the patient. Commercially provided static progressive splint are costly for the patient and are not efficient in capturing end range extension. Traditional static progressive splint patterns do not allow for the patient to provide the adjustable force rather, the therapist remodels the splint as range of motion gains are achieved. The “I” splint was created to allow for the patient to provide a static progressive low load adjustable force and range of motion while using the splint over the course of thirty minutes.

Methods
The splint is fabricated from therma plastic material. The standard anterior elbow extension splint pattern is made thought with a midline window. (Photo 1). When modeling the splint, the therapist positions the boarders of the splint higher than the upper extremity as this will act as the level arm for the adjustable force. Three straps are attached (photo 2). Distal at the wrist, proximal at the elbow and midline at the elbow. The elbow strap attached to the medial board, cups the posterior elbow and is fed inside the lateral board, then pulled up and over th boarder. This positioning transmits the upward force to gain extension. As the stretch decreases, the strap is pulled more tightly, allowing for increased elbow extension. The elbow comes up and through the window. Goal is for the patient to use 3 times per day for 30 minutes each session followed by exercise or functional activities which engage improved connective tissue length.

Results
There are many benefits from the use of the “I” splint pattern. The splint is able to be fabricated during 1 therapy session and be used immediately. The therapist only bills one orthotic charge and splint charge vs a costly rental and purchase price for the patient. The window design allows for greater adjustability of force able to capture fluctuations with stiffness and pain without fabricating another splint. The splint is lighter weight and easily portable.

Conclusions
The “I” splint design is a effective, efficient and economic intervention to treat elbow extension contractures.

Applicability of Research to Practice
Further research needs to be done to investigate range of motion gains and time to makes gains, effects on functional outcomes, cost benefits analysis with the “I” splint design for the patient and Health Care Systems.
843 A Study on Changes of Pancreatic Structure and Function After Severe Burns and Its Mechanism
Authors: Shen Chuanan , Li Dawei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction
This research was to explore the changes of pancreatic structure and function after severe burns and its mechanism.

Methods
A scald model of rats with a 50% total body surface area was established. Rats were injected with bpv (hopic, 0.6 mg/kg) subcutaneously once daily post scald creation. Rats’ fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum insulin concentration were measured to calculate the insulin resistance index at 72 h post injury. Western blot assay was used to measure the content of p-Akt and t-Akt in pancreatic tissue and observe Akt phosphorylation levels. Paraffin sections and electron microscopic sections of pancreatic tissue were prepared for observation under light and transmission electron microscopy. The number of insulin particles and insulin vacuoles attached to per 10 μm of the cell membrane in β cells were calculated.

Results
Scalds increased FBG and impaired glucose tolerance significantly in the rats. Bpv could reduce blood glucose and improve glucose tolerance remarkably. Western blot assay revealed that the activity of PI3k/Akt pathway in rats’ pancreas decreased after scalding, and bpv could up-regulate its activity. The number of insulin particles attached to to per 10 μm of the cell membrane in β cells was reduced, and the proportion of insulin vacuoles was increased, indicating that rats’ insulin secretion function was impaired. After treatment with bpv, rats’ insulin secretion function was improved.

Conclusions
The activity of PI3k/Akt pathway in scalded rats’ pancreas is reduced and the insulin secretion function is decreased. Improving the activity of PI3k/Akt pathway in rats’ pancreas may improve the insulin secretion function and restore physiological blood glucose levels during the early stage after scalding.

Applicability of Research to Practice
This research may be applicable in practice in the future to regulate the metabolism of burn patients.
Preoperative radiotherapy improves overall survival of pT4 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients after surgical resection
Authors: Xu Yaolin , Zhang Yueming , Wu Zizhen , Wang Dansong , Wu Wenchuan , Kuang Tiantao , Lou Wenhui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective
The aim of delivering radiotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients was to sterilize vessel margin, increase R0 resection rate and delay local progression. Whether preoperative radiotherapy could prolong overall survival of surgical candidates remained unknown.

Methods
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients receiving radical resection from surveillance, epidemiology and end result database were enrolled. Propensity score matching was conducted to balance difference in baseline characteristics, and survival analyses were performed to compare overall survival between preoperative radiotherapy and upfront resection groups. Cox proportional hazard regression model and subgroup analyses were utilized to identify prognostic factors.

Results
A total of 11 665 and 597 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients receiving upfront resection and preoperative radiotherapy followed by resection from 2004 to 2016 were identified, respectively, while baseline characteristics were distinct between groups. After propensity score matching, preoperative radiotherapy was not associated with better overall survival (upfront resection vs preoperative radiotherapy, 26 vs 27 months). Subgroup analyses showed that preoperative radiotherapy was a protective factor in pT4 (hazard ratio = 0.64, 95% confidence interval: 0.47–0.88) but a negative predictor in pT1 (hazard ratio = 1.79, 95% confidence interval: 1.08–2.97) patient populations. Survival analyses showed that preoperative radiotherapy improved overall survival of patients with pT4 stage (upfront resection vs preoperative radiotherapy, 19 vs 25 months) and involvement of celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery and aorta (upfront resection vs preoperative radiotherapy, 20 vs 27 months), while preoperative radiotherapy was associated with worse overall survival in patients with pT1 tumor (upfront resection vs preoperative radiotherapy, 39 vs 24 months).

Conclusion
Preoperative radiotherapy could improve survival of resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients with pT4 stage or with celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery and aorta invasion.
A fistulating incarcerated incisional hernia: a case report
Authors: Weledji Elroy P , Nana Theophile C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
An incisional hernia is usually a defect in the scar of an abdominal surgery. The natural history is intestinal obstruction with the risk of strangulation. We report a case of a long-term conservative management of an incisional hernia with an abdominal corset. This resulted in fistulation from pressure necrosis that required an en-bloc excision of the incarcerated fistulating bowel with the hernia sac. The defect was managed using the Jenkin’s ‘mass closure’ technique with no recurrence of the hernia.
Greek Manuscripts in Alexandria
Authors: Houghton H A G , Monier Mina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Important manuscripts of the Greek New Testament and other early Christian writings are held by institutions in Alexandria. This report provides an update on the current location and identification of these documents, including the ‘Akhmim Fragment’ of the Gospel of Peter. It also gives preliminary information about four witnesses to the Greek New Testament which have now been added to the official register. These comprise a tenth-century catena manuscript of the Gospels (GA 2937) and three gospel lectionaries (GA L2477, L2478, and L2479).
Biofilm formation, adherence, and hydrophobicity of M. sympodialis, M. globosa, and M. slooffiae from clinical isolates and normal skinVirulence factors of M. sympodialis, M. globosa and M. slooffiae
Authors: Angiolella Letizia , Rojas Florencia , Mussin Javier , Greco Rosa , Sosa María de los Angeles , Zalazar Laura , Giusiano Gustavo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The genus Malassezia comprises a heterogeneous group of species that cause similar pathologies. Malassezia yeasts were considered as the most abundant skin eukaryotes of the total skin mycobiome. The ability of this fungus to colonize or infect is determined by complex interactions between the fungal cell and its virulence factors. This study aims to evaluate in vitro the hydrophobicity levels, the adherence capacity on a polystyrene surface and the ability to form biofilm of 19 isolates, including M. sympodialis, M. globosa, and M. slooffiae, from healthy subjects and from dermatological disorders. Cellular surface hydrophobicity levels were determined by two-phase system. The biofilm formation was determined by tetrazolium salt (XTT) reduction assay and by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Strain dependence was observed in all virulence factors studied. All isolates of M. sympodialis, M. globosa, and M. slooffiae demonstrated their ability to form biofilm at variable capacities. SEM observations confirmed a variable extracellular matrix after 48 hours of biofilm formation. All isolates of M. globosa were highly adherent and/or hydrophobic as well as biofilm producers. In contrast, M. slooffiae was the least biofilm producer. No significant differences between virulence factors were demonstrated for M. sympodialis, either as clinical isolate or as inhabitant of human microbiota. Results of this work together with the previous M. furfur research confirm that the most frequently Malassezia species isolated from normal subject's skin and patients with dermatosis, form biofilm with different capacities. The study of these virulence factors is important to highlight differences between Malassezia species and to determine their involvement in pathological processes.
The GOGREEN survey: the environmental dependence of the star-forming galaxy main sequence at 1.0 &lt; z &lt; 1.5
Authors: Old Lyndsay J , Balogh Michael L , van der Burg Remco F J , Biviano Andrea , Yee Howard K C , Pintos-Castro Irene , Webb Kristi , Muzzin Adam , Rudnick Gregory , Vulcani Benedetta , Poggianti Bianca , Cooper Michael , Zaritsky Dennis , Cerulo Pierluigi , Wilson Gillian , Chan Jeffrey C C , Lidman Chris , McGee Sean , Demarco Ricardo , Forrest Ben , De Lucia Gabriella , Gilbank David , Kukstas Egidijus , McCarthy Ian G , Jablonka Pascale , Nantais Julie , Noble Allison , Reeves Andrew M M , Shipley Heath 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present results on the environmental dependence of the star-forming galaxy main sequence in 11 galaxy cluster fields at 1.0 &lt; z &lt; 1.5 from the Gemini Observations of Galaxies in Rich Early Environments Survey (GOGREEN) survey. We use a homogeneously selected sample of field and cluster galaxies whose membership is derived from dynamical analysis. Using [$\rm{O{\small II}}$]-derived star formation rates (SFRs), we find that cluster galaxies have suppressed SFRs at fixed stellar mass in comparison to their field counterparts by a factor of 1.4 ± 0.1 (∼3.3σ) across the stellar mass range: 9.0 &lt; log (M*/M⊙) &lt; 11.2. We also find that this modest suppression in the cluster galaxy star-forming main sequence is mass and redshift dependent: the difference between cluster and field increases towards lower stellar masses and lower redshift. When comparing the distribution of cluster and field galaxy SFRs to the star-forming main sequence, we find an overall shift towards lower SFRs in the cluster population, and note the absence of a tail of high SFR galaxies as seen in the field. Given this observed suppression in the cluster galaxy star-forming main sequence, we explore the implications for several scenarios such as formation time differences between cluster and field galaxies, and environmentally induced star formation quenching and associated time-scales.
Observational estimate of the partial covering probability of quasar emission regions by distant H2 absorption clouds
Authors: Klimenko V V , Petitjean P , Ivanchik A V 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We have searched high spectral resolution spectra of quasars known to exhibit high redshift (z &gt; 1.7) intervening H2-bearing damped Lyman-α (DLA) systems for partial coverage of the quasar emission by intervening H2 clouds. Partial coverage manifests itself by the presence of non-zero residual flux in the core of saturated H2 absorption lines. The residual flux can be observed either only at the bottom of absorption lines redshifted on top of quasar emission lines, in which case part of the broad line region (BLR) is not covered, or in all absorption lines, in case some continuum source is not covered. Among 35 H2 absorption clouds in 14 quasar spectra obtained with the VLT-UVES or Keck-HIRES spectrographs, we detect partial coverage of the BLR for 13 clouds. This result suggests that the probability of partial coverage of the QSO BLR by a distant H2 absorption cloud is about 40 per cent. For four systems towards Q 0013−0029, Q 0405−4418, Q 0812+3208, and J 2100−0641, partial coverage is detected for the first time. We determine the theoretical probability of partial coverage of the BLR by a distant H2 cloud as a function of the ratio between the cloud and the BLR sizes. Using this model, we obtain an estimate of the characteristic BLR radius of $50^{+19}_{-23}\,\rm{light \,days}$. This is similar to the estimate of the BLR size obtained by reverberation-mapping analysis $({\sim}100\,\rm{light\, days})$.
The UTMOST pulsar timing programme – II. Timing noise across the pulsar population
Authors: Lower M E , Bailes M , Shannon R M , Johnston S , Flynn C , Osłowski S , Gupta V , Farah W , Bateman T , Green A J , Hunstead R , Jameson A , Jankowski F , Parthasarathy A , Price D C , Sutherland A , Temby D , Venkatraman Krishnan V 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
While pulsars possess exceptional rotational stability, large-scale timing studies have revealed at least two distinct types of irregularities in their rotation: red timing noise and glitches. Using modern Bayesian techniques, we investigated the timing noise properties of 300 bright southern-sky radio pulsars that have been observed over 1.0–4.8 yr by the upgraded Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST). We reanalysed the spin and spin-down changes associated with nine previously reported pulsar glitches, report the discovery of three new glitches and four unusual glitch-like events in the rotational evolution of PSR J1825−0935. We develop a refined Bayesian framework for determining how red noise strength scales with pulsar spin frequency (ν) and spin-down frequency ($\dot{\nu }$), which we apply to a sample of 280 non-recycled pulsars. With this new method and a simple power-law scaling relation, we show that red noise strength scales across the non-recycled pulsar population as $\nu ^{a} |\dot{\nu }|^{b}$, where $a = -0.84^{+0.47}_{-0.49}$ and $b = 0.97^{+0.16}_{-0.19}$. This method can be easily adapted to utilize more complex, astrophysically motivated red noise models. Lastly, we highlight our timing of the double neutron star PSR J0737−3039, and the rediscovery of a bright radio pulsar originally found during the first Molonglo pulsar surveys with an incorrectly catalogued position.
Limits on absorption from a 332-MHz survey for fast radio bursts
Authors: Rajwade K M , Mickaliger M B , Stappers B W , Bassa C G , Breton R P , Karastergiou A , Keane E F 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright, extragalactic radio pulses whose origins are still unknown. Until recently, most FRBs have been detected at frequencies greater than 1 GHz with a few exceptions at 800 MHz. The recent discoveries of FRBs at 400 MHz from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) telescope have opened up possibilities for new insights about the progenitors while many other low-frequency surveys in the past have failed to find any FRBs. Here, we present results from an FRB survey recently conducted at the Jodrell Bank Observatory at 332 MHz with the 76-m Lovell telescope for a total of 58 d. We did not detect any FRBs in the survey and report a 90${{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ upper limit of 5500 FRBs per day per sky for a Euclidean Universe above a fluence threshold of 46 Jy ms. We discuss the possibility of absorption as the main cause of non-detections in low-frequency (&lt;800 MHz) searches and invoke different absorption models to explain the same. We find that Induced Compton Scattering alone cannot account for absorption of radio emission and that our simulations favour a combination of Induced Compton Scattering and Free-Free Absorption to explain the non-detections. For a free–free absorption scenario, our constraints on the electron density are consistent with those expected in the post-shock region of the ionized ejecta in superluminous supernovae.