bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric Emptying of Carbohydrate Drinks in Term Parturients Before Elective Cesarean Delivery: An Observational Study
Authors: Popivanov P. , Irwin R. , Walsh M. , Leonard M. , Tan T. 
Published: November 2020

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020;41:29–34)
Most enhanced recovery after surgery programs now opt to use preoperative carbohydrate (CHO) drinks as a standard part of their protocol. Preoperative fasting guidelines set by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) state that moderate amounts of clear fluids up to 2 hours before anesthesia are allowed for uncomplicated patients undergoing elective surgery. Most research regarding clear liquid consumption before anesthesia has been performed in nonpregnant patients although recent data found gastric emptying of water was not delayed in nonlaboring parturients. The rate of gastric emptying of CHO drinks in a pregnant population has yet to be studied, however. The aim of this study was to investigate gastric emptying of 400 mL of a CHO drink up to 2 hours before elective cesarean delivery.
Association Between Early Amniotomy in Labor Induction and Severe Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity
Authors: Battarbee A. , Glover A. , Stamilio D. 
Published: November 2020

(Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2020;60:108–114)
Labor induction is a common obstetric procedure in the United States and is crucial in expediting delivery for women with fetal or maternal indications. However, the optimal method for induction of labor is highly debated and lacks consensus. Amniotomy is frequently a component of labor induction, but many providers have concerns that early amniotomy could increase a variety of delivery complications, such as umbilical cord prolapse, cesarean delivery, infection, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether early amniotomy [defined as artificial rupture of membranes (AROM) at <4 cm dilation] affected the duration of labor induction in both nulliparous and multiparous women, and whether it was associated with increases in cesarean delivery rate, severe maternal morbidity, or severe neonatal morbidity.
Oxycodone for Pain Management in the Latent Phase of Labour: A Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Kinnunen M. , Kokki H. , Hautajärvi H. , Tuovinen K. , Kokki M. 
Published: November 2020

(Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2020;64:685–690)
While systemic opioids are effective for labor analgesia, there are concerns for adverse fetal and maternal effects, particularly at higher doses. However, there are limited data on the use of oxycodone during labor and on the use of any opioid during the latent phase of labor. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, fetal exposure, and safety of subcutaneous (SC) oxycodone used for labor analgesia during the latent phase.
Adverse Side Effects and Route of Administration of Opioids in Combined Spinal-epidural Analgesia for Labour: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Grangier L. , Martinez de Tejada B. , Savoldelli G.L. , Irion O. , Haller G. 
Published: November 2020

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020;41:83–103)
Both epidural (EP) and combined spinal-epidural (CSE) techniques are used to establish effective labor analgesia. Over time, the latter has gained popularity due to faster onset of pain relief and superior sacral nerve coverage. The addition of opioids in neuraxial labor analgesia allows for lower concentrations of local anesthetic and a longer duration of the analgesic effect. However, opioids also impart risk for additional side effects including pruritus, sedation, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and fetal heart rate pattern disturbances. This study was designed to analyze how individual and combined routes of neuraxial opioid administration impact the incidence of maternal and fetal side effects.
Prevention of Hypotension After Spinal Anaesthesia for Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Fitzgerald J.P. , Fedoruk K.A. , Jadin S.M. , Carvalho B. , Halpern S.H. 
Published: November 2020

(Anaesthesia. 2020;75:109–121)
The potential for maternal hypotension is one key risk of spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean delivery (CD). A variety of methods to prevent postspinal hypotension during CD are recommended in the literature. While an international consensus statement published in 2018 recommended prophylactic vasopressors for all CDs it did not take into account the risks associated with these agents. Also, a recent meta-analysis comparing different methods to prevent hypotension was inadequate to determine treatment efficacy. The aim of this study was to determine the relative efficacy of interventions, including vasopressors, to prevent hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia during elective CD.
Risk Factors for Shivering During Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Wódarski B. , Chutkowski R. , Banasiewicz J. , Moorthi K. , Wójtowicz S. , Malec-Milewska M. , Iohom G. 
Published: November 2020

(Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2020;64:112–116)
Shivering during a cesarean section (CS) while under spinal anesthesia is a common problem, occurring in up to 50% of cases. However, the cause of shivering in this context is not completely understood. Evidence suggests that perioperative anxiety levels may impact the autonomic nervous system and potentially alter physiological behaviors. This study aimed to examine the relationship between potential risk factors and shivering during CS, specifically investigating preoperative anxiety levels.
Induction Opioids for Cesarean Section Under General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: White L.D. , Hodsdon A. , An G.H. , Thang C. , Melhuish T.M. , Vlok R. 
Published: November 2020

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2019;40:4–13)
Inducing general anesthesia (GA) for cesarean section (CS) can cause a significant sympathetic response that may then lead to serious adverse events, such as intracranial hemorrhage. Thus, administration of sympatholytic medications as part of the induction of GA would be desirable. While opioids are effective sympatholytic agents, older opioids may have adverse effects on the neonate. As a result their use has not been recommended during induction of GA for CS. Newer opioids are shorter-acting and it has been suggested they may have less adverse neonatal effects when used for GA induction for CS. However, more information is needed on their efficacy and potential adverse effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effects of shorter-acting induction opioids on Apgar scores, as well as other neonatal outcomes and their maternal sympatholytic efficacy.
Quadratus Lumborum Block for Analgesia After Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Irwin R. , Stanescu S. , Buzaianu C. , Rademan M. , Roddy J. , Gormey C. , Tan T. 
Published: November 2020

(Anaesthesia. 2020;75:89–95)
Effective pain management after cesarean delivery is crucial both for maternal satisfaction with their delivery experience and their ability to devote their care and attention to their newborns. Neuraxial opioids have been a mainstay of postcesarean pain management, but there are significant drawbacks with these medications, including the potential for misuse. Another analgesic option for postcesarean analgesia is the quadratus lumborum block (QLB). The literature has indicated that QLB is safe and easy to perform after cesarean delivery and has shown superiority over transversus abdominis plane block. Yet, adding QLB to a standard multimodal analgesic regimen that includes intrathecal morphine has not yet been evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of QLB when added to a standard protocol that includes intrathecal morphine for the management of postcesarean pain after cesarean delivery.
A Triple-blinded Randomized Trial Comparing Spinal Morphine With Posterior Quadratus Lumborum Block After Cesarean Section
Authors: Tamura T. , Yokota S. , Ando M. , Kubo Y. , Nishiwakia K. 
Published: November 2020

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2019;40:32–38)
Postoperative pain control is a crucial component in the management of women following cesarean section (CS). Spinal anesthesia is commonly used to provide surgical anesthesia during CS, and spinal opioids are a popular method for providing postcesarean analgesia. Intrathecal opioids, however, are associated with bothersome adverse effects such as nausea and pruritus. Posterior quadratus lumborum block (pQLB) is being used increasingly for postoperative analgesia after lower abdominal surgery and might be an appropriate pain management method following CS. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided pQLB plus spinal morphine after CS with spinal morphine alone. The investigators hypothesized that intrathecal morphine with pQLB would be more effective than spinal morphine alone.
Sebaceous Tumors of the Skin: A Study of 145 Lesions From 136 Patients Correlating Pathologic Features and DNA Mismatch Repair Staining Pattern
Authors: Konstantinova Anastasia M. , Kastnerova Liubov , Michal Michal , Kolm Isabel , Kazakov Dmitry V. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract:
Sebaceous neoplasms occur sporadically or in the setting of Muir–Torre syndrome. The data regarding the correlation of pathologic features and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) staining pattern in sebaceous tumors of the skin are very scanty and based on relatively small series of patients. The goal of this study was to correlate MMR staining pattern with selected morphological features in a series of 145 sebaceous neoplasms (sebaceous adenoma, sebaceoma, and extraocular sebaceous carcinoma) from 136 patients. Cystic change, intratumoral mucin deposits, squamous metaplasia in the absence of keratoacanthoma-like changes, ulceration, intratumoral and peritumoral lymphocytes (in cases without epidermal ulceration), and intertumoral heterogeneity proved to be significantly associated with MMR deficiency. Identification of any of these changes, alone or in combination, should prompt further investigation of the patient to exclude Muir–Torre Syndrome. Our study also confirms the previously published observation that the diagnosis and tumor location are significantly associated with MMR deficiency.
A comparison of the efficacy and safety of combined aclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Lu Hong , Huang Yi-Tong , Chen He-Jiang , Chen Pei-Feng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background:
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined aclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods:
Electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library Central Register of Controlled Trials, WanFang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database were searched for studies on the use of combined aclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate in the treatment of COPD. Two independent researchers performed literature screening, data extraction, and assessment of quality of studies. The strength of the association of the efficacy and safety of combined aclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate in the treatment of COPD was evaluated according to the odds ratio (OR), mean differences (MDs), and 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical analysis was carried out via using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
The results of the present study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of the present study will provide evidence to judge whether combined aclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate is an effective and safety intervention in the treatment of COPD.

Systematic review registration number:
INPLASY202070063.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α 308 G/A polymorphism and psoriasis risk
Authors: Shen Cuicui , Wang Haiyan , Song Qunxian , Zhang Bing , Liu Xuewei , Li Jianwei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
More and more researches have been carried out on the association between the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) 308 G/A polymorphism and psoriasis, however, controversial results have emerged in these studies. This meta-analysis was performed to quantitatively clarify the relationship between TNF-α 308 G/A polymorphism and the risk of psoriasis in different populations. Databases of PubMed, Springer Link, Ovid, Chinese Wanfang Data Bases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese Biology Medicine were investigated until June 2019. The association between the TNF-α 308 G/A polymorphism and psoriasis was evaluated by calculating the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 26 studies including 3657 patients and 3197 controls were screened out. In the overall population, the pooled results showed a reduced psoriasis risk with the TNF-α 308 G/A polymorphism (A vs G: OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.67-0.89; AA+GA vs GG: OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.61–0.86). In the subgroup analysis stratified by geographic locations, the TNF-α 308 G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with a reduced risk of psoriasis in Germany (A vs G: OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.57–0.78; AA+GA vs GG: OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.52–0.75), as well as in China (AA+GA vs GG: OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.52–0.98) and Poland (A vs G: OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38–0.97; AA+GA vs GG: OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.35–0.99). This study indicated a significantly reduced psoriasis risk associated with the TNF-α 308 G/A polymorphism in Germans, as well as in Chinese and Poles populations compared with other populations. Ethnicity and geographic locations probably play a pivotal role in the genetic association of psoriasis.
External beam radiation therapy in a centenarian with primary liver cancer
Authors: Meng Zhen , Gao Feifei , Liu Chang , Huang Shengcai , Hu Kai , Wang Rensheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Due to unprecedented global aging, the number of elderly and super-elderly patients with cancer is increasing. However, restricted by comorbidities or fragility, many elderly patients are considered ineligible to receive invasive therapies. A centenarian with primary liver cancer (PLC) was treated by external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). This rare case deserves our attention.

Patient concerns:
We present a rare case of a centenarian with PLC. The super-elderly male patient complained that 2 liver lesions were found by abdominal ultrasonography in June 2016.

Diagnoses:
The Segment 7 (S7) lesion and the Segment 5/8 (S5/8) lesion were clinically diagnosed as PLC successively.

Interventions:
The S7 lesion was considered PLC initially and treated by EBRT in October 2016. In the 1-year follow-up after EBRT, the S7 lesion was well controlled. Unfortunately, the S5/8 lesion had increased in size, was diagnosed as PLC and subsequently treated by CyberKnife in another hospital. However, local failure of the S5/8 lesion was suggested 15 months after CyberKnife. At the age of 102 years, the patient received re-irradiation for the S5/8 lesion.

Outcomes:
Three months after re-irradiation, des-γ-carboxy-prothrombin decreased to normal; no significant change in the S5/8 lesion was found in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. No severe acute or late toxicities were reported after each course of EBRT. Unfortunately, the patient died of respiratory failure caused by severe pneumonia in mid-March 2020.

Conclusion:
Advanced age is not a contraindication for elderly patients with cancer to receive radiotherapy and even re-irradiation.
Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm ventilation-dependent neonates
Authors: Shi Xiaoqing , Hua Yimin , Li Yifei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective:
Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has been considered the only way to rescue preterm neonates following nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs closure failure. However, PDA closure by catheter-based interventions has become another therapeutic choice. The aim of this report was to investigate the timing and treatment methods for hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) in preterm neonates.

Methods:
We retrospectively studied 4 ventilator-dependent preterm neonate cases with hsPDA who had an urgent need of PDA closure and who attended our hospital between October 2016 and March 2018. We assessed the efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure of the hsPDA, and evaluated the dependence of the infants on mechanical ventilation.

Results:
The 4 infants with hsPDA underwent successful transcatheter closures. Two infants were weaned from the ventilatory support within 24 hours after the closure. Those 2 preterm neonates demonstrated normal growth and development during the postoperative follow-up. However, the other 2 infants still needed ventilatory support beyond 48  hours post procedure. One of them presented a bronchial stenosis, underwent a bronchial stent placement by bronchoscopy 10 days after the PDA closure, and was only then finally withdrawn from the ventilatory support. The other infant had a severe bronchomalacia and was only weaned from the ventilator 36 days post PDA closure.

Conclusion:
Transcatheter closure could be an acceptable alternative to surgical ligation when medication treatment fails to close hsPDAs in ventilator-dependent preterm neonates. This intervention should be considered to minimize mechanical ventilation duration, reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and improve the prognoses of these infants.
Prognostic value of the miR-200 family in bladder cancer
Authors: Mei Yanhui , Zheng Jianbo , Xiang Ping , Liu Cheng , Fan Yidong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of high expression of the miR-200 family of microRNAs in bladder cancer.

Methods:
Studies on the correlation between the miR-200 family and prognosis in patients with bladder cancer were searched in databases. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated based on HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Cochranes Q test and the I
2 statistic were utilized to assess heterogeneity across the included studies. Potential publication bias was analyzed by Begg and Egger tests. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 and Stata SE12.0.

Results:
Data from a total of 1150 patients from 8 studies were extracted. The meta-analysis revealed that high expression of the miR-200 family was correlated with better OS (pooled hazard ratio: 0.50, 95% confidence interval: 0.40–0.62), CSS (pooled hazard ratio: 0.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.22–0.59) and RFS (pooled hazard ratio: 0.48, 95% confidence interval: 0.36–0.65). Both Begg test and Egger test verified no publication bias within the included cohorts.

Conclusion:
The high expression of the miR-200 family is strongly associated with better prognosis in bladder cancer patients, which will improve bladder cancer management in clinical practice.
Comparison of surgical clipping and endovascular coiling in the treatment of oculomotor nerve palsy caused by posterior communicating artery aneurysm
Authors: Liu Jianwu , Peng Chengfu , Zhu Guofeng , Sheng Chunpeng , Song Shuxin , Cheng Zhihua , Zhu Jianming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP) caused by posterior communicating aneurysm (PcomAA) is mainly treated by surgical clipping or endovascular coiling. However, there are still some controversies about which treatment method could provide the more beneficial prognosis. This study aimed to compare ONP recovery rate between surgical clipping and endovascular coiling in patients diagnosed as PcomAA combined with ONP, and explore the potential risk factors of ONP recovery.
The clinical data of 152 patients with ONP caused by PcomAA were retrospectively analyzed. Diameter of aneurysm, different treatment methods (surgical clipping or endovascular coiling), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), degree of preoperative ONP, time from ONP onset to treatment, as well as degree of ONP symptom recovery were collected from medical records. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year.
One hundred twelve patients underwent surgical clipping and 40 patients received endovascular coiling. There were no significant differences in age, gender, aneurysm diameter, hypertension, dyslipidemia, time from ONP symptom onset to treatment, SAH, and preoperative ONP degree between the 2 groups (all P > .05). Time to complete or partial recovery was 86.7 ± 35.7 days for patients receiving surgical clipping and 132.6 ± 37.5 days for patients receiving endovascular coiling, respectively (Log rank test, P < .001). The recovery rate was 94.6% in the surgical clipping group and 65.0% in the endovascular coiling group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < .001). Postoperative ONP recovery in the surgical clipping group was significantly superior to that of patients in the endovascular coiling group (HR, 2.625; 95% CI: 1.423–4.841; P = .002). Time from ONP symptom onset to treatment exerted the obvious effect on the ONP prognosis (HR, 0.572; 95% CI: 0.384–0.852; P = .006). In addition, the ONP recovery in patients with SAH before surgery was also independently associated with ONP prognosis (HR, 1.276; 95% CI, 1.043–1.562; P = .018). There was no treatment-related death in either group, and postoperative complications were within the manageable range.
The recovery rate and recovery degree of ONP after surgical clipping was significantly better than that of endovascular coiling in PcomAA patients combined with ONP. The postoperative ONP recovery was associated with preoperative spontaneous SAH and time from ONP onset to treatment.
Morphological characteristics and clinical significance of the distal femur in patients with hemophilia-related knee arthritis
Authors: Gao Qiang , Yao Yunfeng , Jing Juehua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to define the morphological characteristics of the distal femur in patients with hemophilia-related knee arthritis (HA) and develop precise femoral component installation during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using a reference axis.
Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 75 patients [HA group: 34 patients, 48 knees; osteoarthritis (OA group): 41 patients, 48 knees] during 2017–2019. CT scans were constructed into three-dimensional models. We measured the medial (MPC) and lateral (LPC) posterior condyle widths, lateral anteroposterior (LAP) height, medial anteroposterior (MAP) height, mediolateral epicondyle (ML) width, and depths of the anterior patellar groove (X2) and the intercondylar notch (X4). Also, angles were measured between the posterior condylar line (PCL) and surgical transepicondylar axis (STEA) (PCA angle), anteroposterior axis (APA angle) and STEA (APSA angle), anterior condylar line (ACL) and STEA (ACA angle), and clinical transepicondylar axis (CTEA) and PCL (CTA angle). ML/MAP, ML/LAP, X4/LAP, X2/LAP, and LPC/ML ratios were calculated.
There were no significant differences in any angles between the HA and OA groups (P > .05). However, the HA group had a smaller MPC (P < .05) and larger X4 than the OA group (P < .05). ML, ML/LAP, X2, MAP, and LAP showed no significant differences between the 2 groups.
ML, ML/LAP, and PCA showed no significant differences between the 2 groups. During TKA in hemophilia-related knee arthritis patients, the femoral component can be installed with PCL as the reference axis, although individual differences should be considered.