bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Concept Mapping Bervisi SETS Untuk Memberdayakan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Khasanah Ismiyatun , Fatkhurrohman M. Aji , Kusuma Mobinta 
Published: October 2019

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bahwa metode concept mapping bervisi SETS dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest and postest group design. Peta konsep yang digunakan dalam bentuk fill in mapp sehingga peserta didik diminta untuk melengkapi peta konsep yang telah disediakan. Penelitian ini di analisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis data pretest dan postest menggunakan uji t bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara hasil pretest dan postest dengan nilai signifikansi 0,00 &lt; 0,05. Sehingga hipotesis pada penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa ditolak dan diterima. ditolak karena hasil uji t menyatakan bahwa ada perbedaan hasil pada pretest dan postest dengan nilai postest lebih tinggi dari pada nilai pretest sehingga hipotesis yang dapat diterima yaitu ada peningkatan hasil belajar dan berpikir kritis peserta didik melalui metode concept mapping bervisi SETS.</p><p> </p><p>This study aims to determine that the SETS vision concept mapping method can improve students' critical thinking skills. This study uses a quantitative approach and this type of research is experimental research. The research design used was the pretest and post-test group design. The concept map used in the fill-in app form so that students are asked to complete the concept map that has been provided. This study was analyzed using t-test. The results obtained from the pretest and post-test data analysis used the t-test that there were differences between the results of the pretest and post-test with a significance value of 0.00 &lt;0.05. So that the hypothesis in the study can be seen that rejected and accepted. rejected because the results of the t-test state that there are differences in the results at the pretest and post-test with the post-test value higher than the pretest value so that the accepted hypothesis is that there is an increase in students' learning and critical thinking through SETS vision concept mapping method.</p>
Formulasi Ekastrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Sebagai Pewarna Alami Dalam Sediaan Lipstik
Authors: Yulyuswarni Yulyuswarni 
Published: October 2019

Hasil pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh BPOM selama bulan Januari-Juni tahun 2016 menemukan 43 <em>item</em> kosmetika mengandung bahan berbahayaantara lain merkuri, hidrokuinon, asam retinoat, deksametason, klindamisin, serta bahan pewarna merah K3 dan merah K10. Kosmetika yang mengandung bahan pewarna berbahaya beberapa diantaranya adalah lipstik. Penggunaan zat warna berbahaya dalam sediaan lipstik sendiri dapat menjadi pemicu masalah kesehatan khususnya pada kulit. Salah satu alternatif yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan pearna alami dalam sediaan lipstik. Kulit buah naga merah <em>(Hylocereus polyrhizus) </em>merupakan tanaman yang mengandung pigmen warna betalain yang bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna alami dalam formulasi sediaan lipstik). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sediaan lipstik menggunakan ekstrak kulit buah naga merah <em>(Hylocereus polyrhizus) </em>sebagai pewarna alami dengan konsentrasi 17.5 %, 20%, 22,5% dan 25%, dan mengetahui mutu sediaan lipstik berupa organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, titik lebur, daya lekat, iritasi serta kesukaan panelis. Penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat eksperimental kualitatif dengan menganalisis hasil evaluasi sediaan lipstik dengan cara membandingkan data yang diperoleh dengan persyaratan sediaan lipstik dan ANAVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sediaan lipstik ekstrak kulit buah naga merah <em>(Hylocereus polyrhizus) </em>dengan variasi konsentrasi memiliki peningkatan warna yaitu dari cokelat muda menjadi cokelat tua, berbau khas, dan memiliki konsistensi setengah padat cenderung keras. Seluruh formula tidak homogen, memiliki pH antara 5.3-6,1. Titik lebur 53<sup>0</sup>C-55.3<sup>0</sup>C, perbedaan titik lebur berbeda secara bermakna antara F0 dengan F3 dan F4, kemudian F1 dengan F2, F3, dan F4. Seluruh formula memiliki daya lekat yang kurang baik dan tidak menyebabkan iritasi. Uji kesukaan tidak dilakukan karena tidak ada formula yang memenuhi semua syarat mutu sediaan lipstik
Efektivitas Ekstrak Batang Pisang Kepok (Musa x paradisiaca Linn.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus pyogenes.
Authors: MARHAMAH MARHAMAH , Putri Indah Wahyuni 
Published: October 2019

<p>Batang pisang memiliki kandungan antibakteri yaitu tanin, flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan Marhamah (2014) tentang resistensi bakteri Gram positif salah satunya yaitu <em>Streptococcus. sp</em> didapatkan hasil 100% <em>Streptococcus sp</em> resisten terhadap antibiotik gentamisin, amoksilin, dan cefadroxile. <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> merupakan bakteri Gram positif penyebab utama faringitis, kasus faringitis di dunia sebesar 616 juta/ tahun, di Indonesia terjadi pada anak-anak sebesar 18%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak batang pisang kepok (<em>Musa x paradisiaca L</em>.) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Streptococcus pyogenes.</em> Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Variabel bebas yaitu ekstrak batang pisang kepok dengan konsentrasi 10%, 20%,30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100% dan variabel terikat yaitu pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em>. Metode dalam pemeriksaan adalah difusi Kirby-bauer<em>. </em>Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Bakteriologi Jurusan Analis Kesehatan Poltekkkes Tanjungkarang pada bulan Maret-Mei 2017. Analisa data adalah <em>One-way Anova</em> dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Hasil analisa data p=0.000 (p&lt; 0.05) artinya, ekstrak batang pisang kepok dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri<em> Streptococcus pyogene,</em> pada konsentrasi 50%-100% dengan diameter zona sebesar 6,71-9,45 mm.</p>
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BUNGA CENGKEH (Eugenia aromatica) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: HUDA MISBAHUL , Djayasinga Rodhiansyah , NINGSIH DEVI SULISTIA 
Published: October 2019

<p><em>Staphylococcus aureus </em> menyebakan infeksi kulit (bisul, impetigo, furunkel, infeksi luka), infeksi pernapasan (pneumonia, abses paru), Invasif (septikemia, abses dalam, sindrom syok toksik), traktus gastrointestinal, dan infeksi terkait alat. Salah satu tanaman tradisional yang sering digunakan sebagai obat tradisional adalah bunga cengkeh. Kandunga senyawa antibakteri di dalam bunga cengkeh yaitu flavonoid, tannin, alkoloid, dan euganol. <em> </em>Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah experimental dengan rancangan penelitian acak lengkap (RAL). Variabel bebasnya adalah ekstrak bunga cengkeh <em>(Eugenia aromatica) </em> dengan konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, dan 100% dan variabel terikatnya adalah uji daya hampat pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Tempat penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bakteriologi Jurusan Analis Kesehatan Poltekkes Tanjung karang pada bulan April – Juni. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak bunga cengkeh konsentrasi 10% sampai dengan 100% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Staphylococcus aureu. </em>Konsentrasi terendah dari ekstrak bunga <em>cengkeh (Eugenia aromatica)</em> yang dapat menghambat adalah konsentrasi 10% dengan rerata 15,87 mm.dan konnsentrasi tertinggi ekstrak bunga cengkeh <em>(Eugenia aromatica) </em>konsentrasi 100% didapatan rerata 21,40. Sedangkan ekstrak bunga cengkeh pada konsentrasi 70% dengan rerata 19,16 mm sudah efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri apabila dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif antibiotik amikasin dengan rerata 18,8 mm.</p>
O profundo e sua expressão: a relação entre filosofia e mística em Bergson/La profondeur et son expression: les relations entre philosophie et mystique chez Bergson
Authors: Ferreira Rildo Da Luz 
Published: October 2019

Nosso estudo não consistirá unicamente no exame do pensamento religioso de Bergson. E também não será uma reflexão específica sobre sua filosofia da natureza ou ainda sobre sua filosofia da ciência. Nosso objetivo se situa na junção das ideias bergsonianas sobre o natural e o sobrenatural, sobre o filosófico e o religioso, sobre a ciência e a metafísica. Mas tal empreitada corre um grande risco: o de justapor, em um primeiro momento, estes diferentes campos de reflexão para, em um segundo momento, tentar reuni-los. O élan vital nos parece o caminho mais seguro para nos proteger deste risco. Uma vez que ele está na intersecção de diferentes ordens do pensamento de Bergson, ele não favorece apenas sua articulação, ele o demanda. Consequentemente, é do ponto de vista interno à filosofia da natureza que aparece a questão religiosa em Bergson. Tal é a hipótese que formulamos.Resumé: Notre étude ne consistera pas uniquement en l’examen de la pensée religieuse chez Bergson. Elle ne será pas non plus une réflexion spécifique sur sa philosophie de la nature ou encore sur sa philosophie des sciences. L’objet de notre recherche se situe à la jonction des idées bergsoniennes sur le religieux, sur la science et la métaphysique. Mais une telle enterprise court un risque majeur, celui de juxtaposer, dans un premier temps, ces différentes champs réflexifs pour, dans un deuxième moment, tenter de les reunir. L’élan vital nous apparaît le moyen le plus certain de prevenir ce risque. Parce qu’il est à l’intersection des différents ordres de la pensée de Bergson, il ne favorise pas seulement leur articulation, il l’exige. Par conséquent, c’est d’um point de vue interne à la philosophie de la nature elle-même que se pose la question religieuse chez Bergson. Telle est l’hypothèse que nous formulons. Mots-clés: durée, intuition, élan vital, mystique
Dimensions of perceived risk of mobile banking apps: An empirical investigation of South African retail banking customers.
Authors: Thusi Philile , Maduku Daniel K. 
Published: October 2019

Banking transactions carried out in the uncertain conditions of mobile commerce involve highlevels of perceived risk and require substantial levels of trust. Therefore, gaining customer trust and reducing the influence of risk is imperative to developing and nurturing long-lasting and strong relationship between customers and retail banks. However, limited research is currently investigating the effects of overall perceived risk and trust on retail banking customers use of mobile commerce, particularly from the perspective of emerging African economies. This study investigates the effects of perceived risk and institution-based trust on the use of mobile banking apps among South African retail bank customers. The model was tested using responses obtained from 352 users of the mobile banking services of the five major retail banks (ABSA, Capitec, FNB, Nedbank, and Standard Bank) in South Africa. The findings of this study suggest that institution- based trust has a significant positive influence on use behaviour of mobile banking apps. Furthermore, perceived risk has a significant negative influence on use behaviour; and, lastly, institution-based trust is found to have a significant negative influence on perceived risk.
Mr. The Task and Ministry of Peacemaking in Mindanao: Understanding a Peacemaker’s Recipe for Peace
Authors: Asiones Noel G. 
Published: October 2019

At a time when the role of religion in reducing global conflicts and the authority of its leaders are being questioned, studies that would link religion and conflict may fill in a gap in knowledge. To address this gap, this study seeks to gain an understanding of Orlando Cardinal Quevedo’s task and ministry of peacemaking in the long-running conflict in the Southern Mindanao region. Given the recent signing of the Bangsa Moro Organic Law as the highly expected solid basis for a peaceful and prosperous Mindanao, it is timely to look back and pay closer attention to the key role that he played as a peace advocate. To achieve this end, it organized and conducted a content analysis of his writings and interviews about peace and its imperatives. Findings show that his words, firmly rooted in the conflict’s historical past and yet open to the realities of the present, encompassed and helped disclose his practical wisdom, consensus-driven approach, and Catholic perspectives of its underlying issues and challenges. The lessons and insights that are uncovered from his writings may serve as a grounded recipe for those who would follow in his footsteps to learn and re-appropriated in a hopefully not an unending task and ministry of peacemaking in today’s world.
Progressive Muscle Relaxation in Improving Sleep Quality
Authors: Amanda Steffy Putri 
Published: October 2019

Background: Untreated sleep quality can bring changes that can affect both physically and psychologically so that it can reduce sleep quality in menopausal women, one of the non-pharmacological management in improving sleep quality is progressive muscle relaxation by reducing muscle tension, eliminating fatigue so as to improve quality sleep in menopausal women.
Objective: to determine the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation in improving sleep quality.
Method: A systematic review through review of maternity nursing articles to identify the effect of progressive muscle relaxation in improving sleep quality in menopausal women. The article inclusion criteria used were the effect of progressive muscle relaxation in improving sleep quality, while the exclusion criteria ie articles were not full text. Search articles are accessed from databases, namely: Sciencedirect, Pubmed, JKI, JKD. Articles that meet the inclusion criteria are collected and examined systematically. Search for literature published from 2015 to 2018. the article search process gets 4 articles that meet the requirements for inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: in this systematic review shows that progressive muscle relaxation can improve sleep quality.
Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation can improve sleep quality
دلالاتُ الأمرِ في الخطابِ القرآنيِّ
Authors: علي عزيز سليم , عبد مجيد طارش 
Published: October 2019

الحمد لله ربّ العالمين، وأفضل الصلاة وأتمّ التسليم على خير الخلق أجمعين محمدٍ وآله الطيّبين الطاهرين، والرحمة والرضوان على أصحابهم المنتجبين وأنصارهم المخلصين، واللعنة الدائمة على أعدائهم أجمعين.
كان للقرآن الكريم منذ نزوله أثرٌ واضحٌ في تحرّك الأفكار والالتفات إليه بما جاء به من بديعٍ في أساليب التعبير والبيان وبما جمع هذا الكتاب الجليل من كلامٍ عظيم، فكان له الأثر الذي لا يُنكَر في النفوس والعقول؛ فأخذ السامعون له يتتبّعون معانيه ويتناولون ما جاء فيه شرحاً وتحليلاً في محاولةٍ للوصول إلى الغاية التي نزل من أجلها، وقد وجّه المتتبّعون لمعاني القرآن ودلالاته عنايتهم نحو اللفظ ومعناه الذي يكتسبه في النظم القرآنيّ، وقد جذبتهم فنون التعبير في القرآن؛ فراح عددٌ منهم يُوظّف جلّ تفكيره في تفسير القرآن الكريم بيانيّاً للوقوف على ما فيه من أفانين جماليّةٍ وأسرارٍ بلاغيّةٍ؛ ليفهموا آياته من أسلوبه ليُبرهنوا على إعجازه بعلم البلاغة ومعرفة الفصاحة([1]).
وتُعرَف اللغة العربيّة بأنّها أكثر اللغات تفنّناً في إيراد الأساليب الكلاميّة، وأقدرها على التنوّع في التعبيرات، وقد اشتهر في العربيّة أسلوب الأمر، الذي اخترناه لدراسته في القرآن الكريم في بحثنا هنا لما فيه من التنوّعات في دلالاته على معانٍ متنوّعةٍ تستحقّ الدراسة والتحليل.
والأمر من أنواع الإنشاء، وهو (صيغةٌ تستدعي الفعل، أو قولٌ يُنبئ عن استدعاء الفعل من جهة الغير على جهة الاستعلاء)([2])، وهو أحد أنواع الكلام الذي لا يدخله الصدق ولا الكذب([3])، و(الأمر عند العرب ما إذا لم يفعله المأمور به سُمّي المأمور به عاصياً)([4]) ، وصيغته موضوعةٌ لطلب الفعل استعلاءً لتبادر الذهن عند سماعها إلى ذلك، وتوقّف ما سواه على القرينة، وقد تُستعمل صيغة الأمر في غير طلب الفعل بحسب مناسبة المقام([5])، فـ(الأمر هو طلب حصول الفعل من المخاطَب على وجه الاستعلاء ... وقد تخرج صيغ الأمر عن معناها الأصليّ إلى معانٍ أخرى تُستفاد من سياق الكلام وقرائن الأحوال)([6])، وتدلّ صيغة الأمر على معانٍ كثيرةٍ متنوعةٍ([7]).
والأمر للوجوب في الأصل إلّا أن يدلّ دليلٌ على خلاف الوجوب، فإنّ العرب تُخرج الكلام بلفظ الأمر ومعناه النهي أو التهديد أو الوعيد([8])، فصيغة الأمر حقيقةٌ في الوجوب وأنّ استعمالها لمعانٍ أخرى إنّما هو من المجاز، وترد مجازاً لمعانٍ أخرى منها الندب والإباحة([9]).
وسنُحاول هنا أن نبحث في الأمر محاولين الكشف عن هذه المعاني في الخطاب القرآنيّ للوصول إلى الغايات الدلاليّة من النصوص القرآنيّة التي وردت بأسلوب الأمر بقراءة هذه النصوص دلاليّاً عن طريق الربط بين آراء المفسّرين في دلالات الأمر التي يُشيرون إليها، وسنكتفي بنماذج من الآيات القرآنيّة المباركة للتمثيل والتدليل على الدلالات في أنواع الخطاب القرآنيّ.

[1] ينظر: الصناعتين في الكتابة والشعر/ العسكريّ: 2.
[2] الطراز: 3/281.
[3] ينظر: أدب الكاتب: 4.
[4] الصاحبيّ: 298.
[5] ينظر: الإيضاح في علوم البلاغة / القزوينيّ: 137.
[6] جواهر البلاغة / أحمد الهاشميّ: 51.
[7] ينظر: الصاحبيّ: 302، والإيضاح في علوم البلاغة:137-139، وجواهر البلاغة: 51-52، و أساليب الطلب عند النحويّين والبلاغيّين/ د. قيس إسماعيل الأوسيّ: 98.
[8] ينظر: جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن: 4/238.
[9] ينظر: الإتقان في علوم القرآن: 2/81.
المخدرات. أنواعها – مراحلها – العوامل المسببة لها – أضرارها (بحث تحليلي)
Authors: محمد وصال علي 
Published: October 2019

المخدرات كما يصفها بعض الباحثين أنها سلعة الموت، فهي مادة قاتلة ومخربة لعقول البشرية ومهدمة ومفككة لأركان المجتمع، لأنها تسبب العديد من المشكلات الصحية والنفسية والاجتماعية والاقتصادية وحتى السياسية. هذه المشكلة من المشكلات الجديدة التي ظهرت بعد غزو العراق عام 2003 على يد القوات الأمريكية المحتلة.
على الرغم من إرادة المجتمعات ورغباتهم بالتخلص من هذه المشكلة بفرض أقصى العقوبات على المدمنين فضلا عن وصمهم اجتماعيا ونبذهم الا ان هذه المشكلة بدأت تزداد يوما بعد يوم بعد التغيرات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية التي شهدها المجتمع الإنساني بشكل عام والمجتمع العراقي بشكل خاص لاسيما فئة الشباب,بحيث ينتظم فيها الشباب في تنظيمات خاصة بهم ولها كيانها المتميز من حيث التداول والبيع والاستخدام.
لذا سنتناول في هذا البحث المشكلة ومدى أهميتها وتحديد الهدف الذي يربوا البحث إلى تحقيقه كذلك عرض المفاهيم والمصطلحات الخاص به فضلا عن انواع المخدرات ومراحل الإدمان والعوامل والأضرار الصحية والنفسية ألعامه والخاصة لتعاطي المخدرات عند الشباب. وسنبين النتائج التحليلية للبحث والتوصيات والمعالجات والمقترحات.
The Impact of Using Indicative Concept Map Technique of Teaching on Students’ Reading Comprehension in the Region of Kurdistan A Co- Research Paper Submitted
Authors: Abbas Nada Jabbar , Ghazal Kusai Tawfiq 
Published: October 2019

Reading skill has not been given enough care by the teachers of English language in the classrooms so students are no more good readers. As a result students should be aware of the strategies that they can follow when they start reading in order to make the reading process a fruitful process. One of the reading techniques that help students comprehend what they read is the concept mapping technique of teaching (CM). The researchers conducted a study to investigate the effect of using the indicative concept mapping technique on the students' reading comprehension achievement . Therefore, this study tries to answer the following question:
“Is there a statistically significant difference between the mean scores attained by the experimental group and those attained by the control group on reading comprehension on the post-test that can be attributed to the concept mapping technique”?
To answer this question, the researchers selected two groups of students randomly to form the experimental and the control groups with (20) students for each group. The two groups set for pre-test to assure that the two groups are equivalent. The experimental group was taught reading comprehension (RC) lessons through the use of indicative concept map technique. On the other hand, the controlling group was taught by the traditional technique of teaching reading comprehension.
The findings revealed that there are significant differences between the mean scores attained by the experimental group and those attained by the control group in favor of the experimental group due to the use of Concept mapping technique; therefore, the researchers rejected the null hypothesis and accepted the alternative one which indicates that there is a significant differences between the experimental and the control groups. The researchers recommended in light of the findings that the students should be encouraged to follow the concept mapping technique while reading and to engage students in such activities that allow them to transfer more and more lessons into different types of concept maps.
The effect of Using Inductive Concept Map Technique of Teaching on Students’ Interactional in Class spoken skills of Second Stage College. Students A Co- Research Paper Submitted
Authors: Abbas Nada Jabbar , Ghazal Kusai Tawfiq 
Published: October 2019

Interactive class is the class which consists of different mutual discussions, dialogues and exchanging ideas, it represents sometimes micro –image for the real life situations which began to form a real challenge. One thing is for certain about English learners is that; they will not become proficient speakers of a language unless they have frequent opportunities to use it. Teaching societies started to complain about the traditional methods of teaching which resulted many failures in teaching experiences for not providing the learners with such speaking skills. Such methods were nothing but a kind of wasted sessions of teaching without achieving the intended learning behavioral objectives which are stated for the sake of this process. Consequently, students started showing undesirable behaviors and indifference during the class period, like having negative personality and quit the spirit of initiation and class participation. Therefore, schools are blamed for this knowledge shortages and raising such negative unsuccessful learners and, theorists started thinking deeply in suggesting new techniques of learning and adapting new learning objectives which are more realistic and authentic to cope with the learners needs and improve their scientific and psychological health. Thus, new trends of teaching have been suggested to concentrate on creative and critical thinking. Among these trends was the focus on the excessive teacher-student class interaction and student-student class interaction as one of the new learner-centered method of teaching which keep the student focus inside the teaching in class. (Alison Mackey, 2007:p53)
Sentence Length and Complexity in Hemingway's Short story : A Clean, Well-Lighted Place : A Stylistic study
Authors: Mohammed Mazin Jasim , Hassan Mohammed , Shamkhi Khalid 
Published: October 2019

The term style is somehow difficult to define . The difficulty arises from the fact that it is acquiring several interpretations . Such interpretations might refer to abstract notions such as " style of deviations " ; or " style is choice " or a distinct personality (the style of Shakespeare ) ; or to periods ( the baroque style ) and the like ( Galperine , 1977:11).
Carter and Nashe (1990:36) argue that style can be recognized because it stands out in one way or another from a standard . This view simply means style can be seen as deviation . However , such a view cannot be taken for granted since norms are very difficult to standardize . Wales (1990 ) [quoted in Missikova ,2003] in her famous book A Dictionary of Stylistics listed the most common characteristics of style as follows :

Style refers to the manner of expression in writing and speaking .
Style can be seen as variation in language use , whether literary or non-literary . The term register is commonly used for such variations in linguistic features found in non-literary situations ,

such as legal language , advertising , etc.

Style is seen as distinctive of register , genre or period.
Style is defined in terms of choice of items , and their distribution and

patterning .
As deviation from a norm , style is a concept that is used traditionally in literary stylistics , since literary language is more deviant than non-literary language use .
To sum up , Warner (1961:1) ; Garvin (1964:112) go on to state that in spite of the different interpretations of the term style , the simplest interpretation is that is a manner of expressing one's thoughts and feelings in words .