bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MeerKAT HI commissioning observations of MHONGOOSE galaxy ESO 302-G014
Authors: de Blok W. J. G. , Athanassoula E. , Bosma A. , Combes F. , English J. , Heald G. H. , Kamphuis P. , Koribalski B. S. , Meurer G. R. , Román J. , Sardone A. , Verdes-Montenegro L. , Bigiel F. , Brinks E. , Chemin L. , Fraternali F. , Jarrett T. , Kleiner D. , Maccagni F. M. , Pisano D. J. , Serra P. , Spekkens K. , Amram P. , Carignan C. , Dettmar R.-J. , Gibson B. K. , Holwerda B. W. , Józsa G. I. G. , Lucero D. M. , Oosterloo T. A. , Ramaila A. J. T. , Ramatsoku M. , Sheth K. , Walter F. , Wong O. I. , Zijlstra A. A. , Bloemen S. , Groot P. J. , Le Poole R. , Klein-Wolt M. , Körding E. G. , McBride V. A. , Paterson K. , Pieterse D. L. A. , Vreeswijk P. , Woudt P. A. 
Published: September 2020

Aims. We present the results of three commissioning H I observations obtained with the MeerKAT radio telescope. These observations make up part of the preparation for the forthcoming MHONGOOSE nearby galaxy survey, which is a MeerKAT large survey project that will study the accretion of gas in galaxies and the link between gas and star formation.
Methods. We used the available H I data sets, along with ancillary data at other wavelengths, to study the morphology of the MHONGOOSE sample galaxy, ESO 302-G014, which is a nearby gas-rich dwarf galaxy.
Results. We find that ESO 302-G014 has a lopsided, asymmetric outer disc with a low column density. In addition, we find a tail or filament of H I clouds extending away from the galaxy, as well as an isolated H I cloud some 20 kpc to the south of the galaxy. We suggest that these features indicate a minor interaction with a low-mass galaxy. Optical imaging shows a possible dwarf galaxy near the tail, but based on the current data, we cannot confirm any association with ESO 302-G014. Nonetheless, an interaction scenario with some kind of low-mass companion is still supported by the presence of a significant amount of molecular gas, which is almost equal to the stellar mass, and a number of prominent stellar clusters, which suggest recently triggered star formation.
Conclusions. These data show that MeerKAT produces exquisite imaging data. The forthcoming full-depth survey observations of ESO 302-G014 and other sample galaxies will, therefore, offer insights into the fate of neutral gas as it moves from the intergalactic medium onto galaxies.
Monteggia-Frakturen und Monteggia-like Lesions
Authors: Mütze Maria , Hepp Pierre , Josten Christoph 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungMonteggia-Verletzungen umfassen osteoligamentäre Kombinationsverletzungen des proximalen Unterarms, die zu dauerhaft einschränkenden Folgezuständen führen können. Das Verständnis des Verletzungsbildes sowie die schrittweise Rekonstruktion, unter besonderer Beachtung von Anatomie und Biomechanik, stellt ein Grundpfeiler der erfolgreichen Versorgung dar. Dieser Beitrag soll besonders über die in der Literatur nicht eindeutig verwendeten Begrifflichkeiten aufklären und Behandlungsstrategien und erwartbare Prognosen aufzeigen.
Die „Standard“-Schilddrüsenszintigrafie – ist sie noch zeitgemäß?
Authors: Görges Rainer , Bockisch Andreas , Seifert Philipp 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungAus fachfremder Sicht wird der Stellenwert der „konventionellen“ Schilddrüsenszintigrafie zur Klärung diverser thyreologischer Fragestellungen international mittlerweile weit niedriger eingeschätzt, als dies dem hierzulande tätigen Nuklearmediziner bewusst ist. Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über häufig geäußerte Kritikpunkte an der Schilddrüsenszintigrafie und möchte einiges hierzu klarstellen sowie in berechtigten Fällen fundierte Gegenargumente liefern. In diesem Rahmen wird ein Überblick über die weiterhin bestehenden Indikationen gegeben, es werden aber auch Aspekte angeschnitten, bei denen Verbesserungsbedarf besteht. Abschließend erfolgt eine Aussicht auf zukünftige Perspektiven und Weiterentwicklungen der funktionellen Charakterisierung von thyreoidalem Gewebe.
Comparability of Patient-reported Outcome Measures and Clinical Assessment Tools for Shoulder Function in Patients with Proximal Humeral Fracture
Authors: Maurer Elke , Bahrs Christian , Kühle Luise , Ziegler Patrick , Gonser Christoph , Stollhof Laura Emine 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are gaining increasing importance in the context of quality management. Different PROMs and scoring tools are available to assess shoulder function after proximal humeral fracture (PHFx). In Europe, these include the Constant-Murley Score (CS), Neer Score (NS), Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), University of California at Los Angeles Score (UCLA) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hands Score (DASH). In addition, the health-related quality of life can be assessed by the PROMs Short Form 36 (SF-36) and EuroQol (EQ-5D). Although all these test instruments assess shoulder function, the components to be answered objectively and subjectively vary and thus the possibility of independent assessment. The aim of the present study is to compare the correlation between the results of the different PROMs and the clinical screening tools in patients with PHFx.
Methods 76 patients who were treated with angular stable plate osteosynthesis for a proximal humeral fracture between 01/2001 and 12/2005 were included in this trial. The outcome was measured with PROMs or clinical scoring tools such as CS, NS, OSS, UCLA, DASH, SF-36 and EQ-5D and a correlation coefficient between those evaluation tools was calculated. In addition, a distinction was made between the two force measurement methods (wrist [HG] vs. deltoid muscle [DM]) for CS.
Results The correlation of the results of CS and NS (HG: r = 0.85; p < 0.001/DM: r = 0.93; p < 0.001), CS and UCLA (HG: r = 0.83; p < 0.001/DM: r = 0.86; p < 0.001), NS and UCLA (r = 0.91; p < 0.001) as well as DASH and OSS (r = 0.88; p < 0.001) was strongly expressed. A good comparability of the results was demonstrated between CS and OSS (HG: r = 0.63; p < 0.001/DM: r = 0.66; p < 0.001) and between CS and DASH (HG: r = 0.62; p < 0.001/DM: r = 0.61; p < 0.001). The correlation of CS (HG/DM) and UCLA with the EQ-5D index was also good. Assessment of the physical components of SF-36 with CS, NS, OSS, UCLA and DASH showed a moderate to good association, while the mental components of SF-36 showed a low correlation (p > 0.05).
Conclusion The assessment of shoulder function after proximal humerus fracture showed a very strong correlation within the clinical questionnaires (CS/NS/UCLA) and the PROMs (OSS/DASH). A strong correlation also exists between the clinical questionnaires and the PROMs. There was only a moderate correlation with the EQ-5D. The moderate to strong correlation between the physical components of SF-36, with almost no correlation between the mental components of SF-36, indicates that the quality of life restriction is based on a physical, but not on a mental impairment.
Diagnostic limitations of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging in early gastric cancer
Authors: Matsumoto Kohei , Ueyama Hiroya , Yao Takashi , Abe Daiki , Oki Shotaro , Suzuki Nobuyuki , Ikeda Atsushi , Yatagai Noboru , Akazawa Yoichi , Komori Hiroyuki , Takeda Tsutomu , Matsumoto Kenshi , Hojo Mariko , Nagahara Akihito 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (M-NBI) has made a huge contribution to endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC). However, we sometimes encountered false-negative cases with M-NBI diagnosis (i. e., M-NBI diagnostic limitation lesion: M-NBI-DLL). However, clinicopathological features of M-NBI-DLLs have not been well elucidated. We aimed to clarify the clinicopathological features and histological reasons of M-NBI-DLLs.
Patients and methods In this single-center retrospective study, M-NBI-DLLs were extracted from 456 EGCs resected endoscopically at our hospital. We defined histological types of M-NBI-DLLs and analyzed clinicopathologically to clarify histological reasons of M-NBI-DLLs.
Results Of 456 EGCs, 48 lesions (10.5 %) of M-NBI-DLLs were enrolled. M-NBI-DLLs was classified into four histological types as follows: gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic-gland type (GA-FG, n = 25), gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic-gland mucosal type (GA-FGM, n = 1), differentiated adenocarcinoma (n = 14), and undifferentiated adenocarcinoma (n = 8). Thirty-nine lesions of M-NBI-DLLs were H. pylori-negative gastric cancers (39/47, 82.9 %). Histological reasons for M-NBI-DLLs were as follows: 1) completely covered with non-neoplastic mucosa (25/25 GA-FG, 8/8 undifferentiated adenocarcinoma); 2) well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with low-grade atypia (1/1 GA-FGM, 14/14 differentiated adenocarcinoma); 3) similarity of surface structure (10/14 differentiated adenocarcinoma); and 4) partially covered and/or mixed with a non-neoplastic mucosa (1/1 GA-FGM, 6/14 differentiated adenocarcinoma).
Conclusions Diagnostic limitations of M-NBI depend on four distinct histological characteristics. For accurate diagnosis of M-NBI-DLLs, it may be necessary to fully understand endoscopic features of these lesions using white light imaging and M-NBI based on these histological characteristics and to take a precise biopsy.
Die Geschichte des ‚Freezing-of-gait‘ beim Parkinson-Syndrom – vom Phänomen zum Symptom
Authors: Klucken Jochen , Winkler Juergen , Krüger Rejko , Jost Wolfgang 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der Übersichtsarbeit wird der Hintergrund des Phänomens Freezing-of-Gait (FOG) beim Parkinson-Syndrom beleuchtet. Die Charakterisierung des Phänomens als Symptom und die unterschiedlich definierten Subtypen werden diskutiert. Dabei stellen die unterschiedlichen Ausprägungsformen eine erhebliche Herausforderung an die alltägliche Behandlung und auch an die einheitliche Diagnostik bei klinischen Studien dar. Die bisherigen, standardisierten Erfassungsmethoden mittels Fragebögen und semistandardisierten klinischen Untersuchungen werden in Relevanz zur patientenspezifischen Versorgung dargestellt. Bei den derzeitigen Therapieformen spielen neben der Optimierung der dopaminergen Medikation gezielte medikamentöse Optionen bislang keine wesentliche Rolle, was aber auch an der Trennschärfe der standardisierten Diagnostik liegen kann. Dadurch ist beim variantenreichen Phänomen FOG auch die Evidenzlage der Tiefen Hirnstimulation eingeschränkt. Im Alltag können hingegen Physiotherapie und Cueing-Strategien sehr gute Erfolge erzielen, auch wenn die Studienlage bzgl. höchster Evidenzklasse eher gering ist. Die Entwicklungen der Technologie scheinen sowohl die diagnostische Trennschärfe als auch das individualisierte „Cueing“-Angebot zu revolutionieren. Aber auch hier fehlen noch ausreichend große Studien, die diese Diagnostik- und Therapieformen hinterlegen. Trotzdem ist davon auszugehen, dass vielen Patienten diese „neuen Tools“ gerne nutzen werden und der Behandlungsalltag für Arzt und Physiotherapeuten entsprechend belebt wird.
HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis Overlapping Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum
Authors: Gago Guilherme , Giacomini Luidia Varrone , Gibbon Frederico de Lima , Neto Euripedes Gomes de Carvalho , Kowacs Fernando , Ferreira Nelson Pires 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is an important cause of nontraumatic and noncompressive chronic myelopathy which generally has no improvement regardless of treatment. On the other hand, ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is also a cause of myelopathy; however, it can improve in some cases when surgical treatment is well applied. In this case report, we presented a case of a patient with HAM/TSP overlapping OLF which showed some improvement with surgical treatment.
Vertebral Artery Loops and Cervicobrachial Pain
Authors: Sravani Nichanametla , Nagarajan Krishnan , Venkatesh Manchikanti , Negi Veer S. , Ramesh Andi S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVertebral artery loop formation is an uncommon anatomical variation which may be asymptomatic or can cause cervicobrachial pain, radiculopathy, or even bone erosions and enlargement of neural foramina. As this entity is one of the uncommon causes of cervical radiculopathy, this report aims to create awareness among radiologists and clinicians, as vertebral artery loops may be seen incidentally in routine neuroimaging. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with magnetic resonance (MR) angiography or multislice computerized tomography (CT) angiography plays an important role in diagnosing as well as creating a roadmap for the surgery.Vertebral artery loop formation as a cause of radiculopathy is an uncommon condition. An abnormal course of vessel can lead to vascular injury during surgery, hence preoperative evaluation with CT or MRI is essential.1
2 Anomalous looping of vertebral artery can cause neurovascular compression apart from bony erosion, widening of vertebral foramen, and even vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Clinical features of vertebral artery loop formation can be radiculopathy, compression over cervical cord leading to sensory and motor deficit, and vertigo when associated with vertebra–basilar insufficiency, which is known as vascular vertigo. It has also been postulated that loop formation of vertebral artery can also lead to posterior circulation infarcts. Left vertebral artery is more prone for loop formation than the right vertebral artery, probably due to increased caliber in greater proportion of individuals. Multilevel and bilateral tortuosity can occur in younger patients rarely where imaging plays an important role.
A Meta-Analysis of Autologous Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction and Timing of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy
Authors: Heiman Adee J. , Gabbireddy Sairisheel R. , Kotamarti Vasanth S. , Ricci Joseph A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground Postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) decreases loco-regional recurrence and improves survival in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Autologous free flap reconstruction, while more durable in the setting of radiation than alloplastic reconstruction, is still susceptible to radiation-induced fibrosis, contracture, fat necrosis, volume loss, and distortion of breast shape. Options for reconstruction timing (immediate vs. delayed) have been discussed to mitigate these effects, but a clear optimum is not known.Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using search terms “breast reconstruction AND (radiation OR irradiation OR radiotherapy)” were used. Inclusion criteria consisted of studies reporting complications for free flap breast reconstruction in the setting of PMRT. Patients who underwent PMRT were pooled into two groups: those who underwent immediate free flap reconstruction prior to PMRT and those who underwent delayed reconstruction after PMRT.Results Out of the 23 studies, 12 focused on immediate reconstruction, seven focused on delayed reconstruction, and four studies included both groups. Overall, 729 patients underwent immediate reconstruction, while 868 underwent delayed reconstruction. Complete and partial flap loss rates were significantly higher in patients undergoing delayed reconstruction, while infection and wound-healing complication rates were higher in those undergoing immediate reconstructions. Rates of unplanned reoperations, vascular complications, hematoma/seroma, and fat necrosis did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, rates of planned revision surgeries were higher in the delayed reconstruction group.Conclusion Immediate free flap breast reconstruction is associated with superior flap survival compared with delayed reconstruction. Rates of complications are largely comparable, and rates of revision surgeries are equivalent. The differences in long-term aesthetic outcomes are not, however, clearly assessed by the available literature. Even in the face of PMRT, immediate free flap breast reconstruction is an effective approach.
Spanish mid vowels as sociolinguistic variables in Galicia
Authors: de la Fuente Iglesias Mónica , Pérez Castillejo Susana 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper analyzes the acoustic properties of Spanish stressed mid vowels from a corpus of over 2,800 tokens produced by
Galician-dominant bilinguals and Spanish monolinguals. Following principles of bilingual speech production theory, we explore whether these
vowels present lexically conditioned open variants [ɛ] and [ɔ] not present in monolingual Spanish. In combination with linguistic factors,
we also examine whether bilingual mid-vowel production in our corpus is related to social variables. Assuming a linguistic repertoires
perspective that links variation to identity performance, we argue that Spanish /e/ and /o/ are sociolinguistic variables in Galicia and
that the distribution of their variants can be exploited to perform social meaning.
Percepción comunitaria de la distinción fonemática de la /s/ y la /θ/ en hablantes andaluces
Authors: Molina-García Álvaro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
En el presente trabajo se demuestra si la distancia acústica calculada anteriormente (Molina-García 2019) entre [θ] y [s] en función de sus grafías –〈s〉 y 〈z, ce, ci〉– de hablantes de Andalucía es
percibida por la comunidad de habla. A continuación, se comprueba si es posible predecir cuándo las realizaciones de [θ] proceden de series
léxicas con 〈s〉 (casa) y cuándo de series con 〈z, ce, ci〉 (caza). Finalmente, se describe la
percepción social de este proceso. Para ello, se grabaron las realizaciones de un informante de 23 años con estudios universitarios y de un
informante de 56 años con estudios básicos a partir de la lectura de 30 pares mínimos [s]-[θ]. 54 jueces debían predecir qué palabra habían
leído. Los resultados muestran que la distancia acústica es percibida, que no diferencian las realizaciones del informante con el patrón
vernacular (ceceo) y que la distancia acústica goza de prestigio social.
Seeds of change
Authors: García Christina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Intervocalic /s/ voicing is of much interest recently in Hispanic Linguistics for two principal reasons: this
feature has been attested in diverse dialects of Spanish, and it has been shown to correlate in production and perception with
social factors (Davidson 2014; Chappell
2016; García 2019; among others). One finding that often surfaces is that male
speakers voice more than female speakers, and recent studies consider whether this may be due to physiological differences (File-Muriel, Brown, and Gradoville 2015; Chappell and
García 2017). The present study examines the interaction of gender, age, and interspeaker variation in the voicing of
intervocalic /s/ in the speech of 31 natives of Loja, Ecuador. While variationist studies overwhelmingly show women leading change
in progress, I argue that young men are leading voicing in Lojano Spanish and that this study of a smaller, non-English speaking
community further elucidates the intricacies of gender and linguistic change.
Pantheon update on a model-independent analysis of cosmological supernova data
Authors: Çamlıbel A Kazım , Semiz İbrahim , Feyizoǧlu M Akif 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present an update of our previous work, necessitated by availability of a significantly improved dataset. The work is a model-independent analysis of the cosmological supernova (type Ia) data, where function families are fit to the data in form of luminosity distance as function of redshift, that is, d
L(z); and subsequently time-derivatives of the scale function a(t) are analytically derived, but as functions of z, without making assumptions about the theory of gravity or the contents of the Universe. This gives, e.g. the redshift value at which the Universe goes over from deceleration to acceleration, as z

t
= 0.54 ± 0.04 for a flat Universe. In the update, we switch to a more modern fit criterion and also take into account the uncertainty in the calibration of the SNIa luminosities. If a theory of gravity is assumed, our results allow determination of the density of the Universe as function of z, from which conclusions about the contents of the Universe can be drawn. We update the previous work’s result where this was done for Einstein gravity, finding a lower-limit on the dark energy (DE) fraction, ΩDE > 0.46; and here we do this also for Starobinsky gravity, where we can find a Starobinsky parameter that can eliminate the need for DE.
Widely tunable direct bandgap of two-dimensional GeSe
Authors: Zhang Yu , Wang Xin-Xin , Shi Li-Jie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Bulk GeSe is an indirect bandgap semiconductor. However, direct bandgap semiconductor of two-dimensional GeSe can be obtained by applying strain along armchair direction, and the direct bandgap can be tuned in a wide energy range from 0.86 eV to 0.00 eV by electric field. The bandgap modulation mechanism is studied in detail by first-principle calculations. The calculations of phonon spectra show that the crystal structure is relatively stable under the strain and electric field. Therefore, 2D GeSe is a promising material in frequency adjustable electronic and optical devices.
Morphological aspect of crystal nucleation in wall-confined supercooled metallic film
Authors: Kirova E M , Pisarev V V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we simulate the nucleation and growth of crystalline nuclei in a molybdenum film cooled at different rates confined between two amorphous walls. We also compare the results for the wall-confined and wall-free systems. We apply the same methodology as in the work (Kirova and Pisarev 2019 J. Cryst. Growth
528 125266) which is based on reconstructing the probability density function for the largest crystalline nucleus in the system. The size of the nucleus and the asphericity parameter are considered as the reaction coordinates. We demonstrate that in both the free and confined systems there are two mechanisms of crystal growth: the attachment of atoms to the biggest crystal from the amorphous phase and the merging of the biggest crystal cluster with small ones (coalescence). We show that the attachment mechanism is dominant in the melt cooled down at a slower rate, and the mechanism gradually shifts to coalescence as cooling rate increases. We also observe the formation of long-lived crystal clusters and demonstrate that amorphous walls do not affect their geometric characteristics. However, system confined between walls demonstrates higher glass-forming ability.
Novel concepts and nanostructured materials for thermionic-based solar and thermal energy converters
Authors: Bellucci A , Girolami M , Mastellone M , Orlando S , Polini R , Santagata A , Serpente V , Valentini V , Trucchi D M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Thermal and concentrated solar solid-state converters are devices with no moving parts, corresponding to long lifetimes, limited necessity of maintenance, and scalability. Among the solid-state converters, the thermionic-based devices are attracting an increasing interest in the specific growing sector of energy conversion performed at high-temperature.
During the last 10 years, hybrid thermionic-based concepts, conceived to cover operating temperatures up to 2000 °C, have been intensively developed. In this review, the thermionic-thermoelectric, photon-enhanced thermionic emission, thermionic-photovoltaic energy converters are extensively discussed. The design and development processes as well as the tailoring of the properties of nanostructured materials performed by the authors are comprehensively described and compared with the advances achieved by the international scientific community.