bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of High-fat Diet and Exercise on KISS-1/GPR54 Expression in Testis of Growing Rats
Authors: Feng Junpeng , Xu Rui , Li Yafei , Zhou Qishu , Song Ge , Deng Yimin , Yan Yi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To find the expression of KISS-1 and G protein-coupled receptor 54 in rats testis from PND 21st to 56th. Method: 128 three-week-old weaned rats underwent high-fat diet and exercise (60%–70% VO2max, 1 h/day, 5 days/week) intervention and were randomly divided into group C, CE, HC, or HE. Sample time points were set on the PND 21st, 35th, 43rd, and 56th. The testicular testosterone and the mRNA content, and protein content of KISS-1 and GPR54 in testis tissue were detected by ELISA, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting. Result: (1) The protein of KISS-1 and GPR54 increased gradually during the growing period. KISS-1 mRNA peaked at 35D and GPR54 peaked at 43D. (2) High-fat diet affected the expression of the KISS-1/GPR54 system in rat testis and reduced the expression level of KISS-1 protein. (3) 60%–70% VO2max exercise decreased the KISS-1/GPR54 expression level. Exercise intervention improved testicular development in rats with a high-fat diet.Conclusion: The expression of KISS-1/GPR54 increased during the growing period. High-fat diet can downregulate the protein and gene expression of KISS-1/GPR54 and change the expression trend. 60%–70% VO2max exercise decreased the expression of KISS-1/GPR54, which may be involved in the effects of exercise on high-fat dietary sex hormone disorders.
Utilization of irrigation, drainage, and electrical conductivity data for efficient use of nitrate in a soilless culture system
Authors: Ahn Tae In , Park Soo Hyun , Yang Jung-Seok , Lee Ju Young 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nitrate management in agricultural systems has mainly been established based on nitrate supply and the yield response curve. In the case of intensive fertilization systems such as soilless culture, the nitrate amount usually remains above the curve's optimal point. A surplus nutrient supply under these conditions could result in the excessive emission of chemical fertilizers. However, very few studies have developed a decision-making process for the efficient use of nitrate under the soilless culture system online. This study was conducted to develop an indicator related to the absorption of nitrate that can be applied in online systems utilizing the monitored irrigation and drainage amount data, electrical conductivity (EC), and the nitrate analysis data of irrigation and drainage. In the simulation, a stochastic change was generated for the nutrient absorption rate. The cultivation experiment verified the theoretical prediction, and a higher correlation of tomato yield with the nitrate absorption indicator was confirmed than with the nitrate supply amount. Also, the normalization of indicator and tomato yield showed dynamic time-series responses. The simulation and cultivation experiments showed that the indicator related to nitrate absorption estimated by online EC, irrigation, and drainage monitoring provides useful theoretical and experimental frameworks regarding efficient resource management decisions.
Accelerated fetal growth in early pregnancy and risk of preterm birth: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Elenis Evangelia , Wikström Anna-Karin , Simic Marija 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Preterm birth (occurring before 37 completed weeks of gestation) affects 15 million infants annually, 7.5% of which die due to related complications. The detection and early diagnosis are therefore paramount in order to prevent the development of prematurity and its consequences. So far, focus has been laid on the association between reduced intrauterine fetal growth during late gestation and prematurity. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between accelerated fetal growth in early pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth.Methods: This prospective cohort study included 69 617 singleton pregnancies without congenital malformations and with available biometric measurements during the first and second trimester. Estimation of fetal growth was based on measurements of biparietal diameter (BPD) at first and second trimester scan. We investigated the association between accelerated fetal growth and preterm birth prior to 37 weeks of gestation. The outcome was further stratified into very preterm birth (before 32 weeks of gestation) or moderate preterm birth (between 32 and 37 weeks of gestation) and medically induced or spontaneous preterm birth and was further explored.Results: The odds of prematurity were increased among fetuses with accelerated BPD growth (> 90th centile) estimated between first and second ultrasound scan, even after adjustment for possible confounders (aOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.20-1.54). The findings remained significant what regards moderate preterm births but not very preterm births. Regarding medically induced preterm birth, the odds were found to be elevated in the group of fetuses with accelerated growth in early pregnancy (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.11-1.63). On the contrary, fetuses with delayed fetal growth exhibited lower odds for both overall and spontaneous preterm birth.Conclusions: Fetuses with accelerated BPD growth in early pregnancy, detected by ultrasound examination during the second trimester, exhibited increased odds of being born preterm. The findings of the current study suggest that fetal growth in early pregnancy should be taken into account when assessing the likelihood for preterm birth.
Assessment of the susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations to pyriproxyfen and malathion in a nation-wide monitoring of insecticide resistance performed in Brazil from 2017 to 2018
Authors: Campos Kauara Brito , Martins Ademir Jesus , Rodovalho Cynara de Melo , Bellinato Diogo Fernandes , Dias Luciana dos Santos , Macoris Maria de Lourdes da Graça , Andrighetti Maria Teresa Macoris , Lima José Bento Pereira , Obara Marcos Takashi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Chemical mosquito control using malathion has been applied in Brazil since 1985. To obtain chemical control effectiveness, vector susceptibility insecticide monitoring is required. This study aimed to describe bioassay standardizations and determine the susceptibility profile of Ae. aegypti populations to malathion and pyriproxyfen, used on a national scale in Brazil between 2017 and 2018, and discuss the observed impacts in arbovirus control.Methods: The diagnostic-doses (DD) of pyriproxyfen and malathion were determined as the double of adult emergence inhibition (EI) and lethal doses for 99% of the Rockefeller reference strain, respectively. To monitor natural populations, sampling was performed in 132 Brazilian cities, using egg traps. Colonies were raised in the laboratory for one or two generations (F1 or F2) and submitted to susceptibility tests, where larvae were exposed to the pyriproxyfen DD (0.03 µg/l) and adults, to the malathion DD determined in the present study (20 µg), in addition to the one established by the World Health Organization (WHO) DD (50 µg) in a bottle assay. Dose-response (DR) bioassays with pyriproxyfen were performed on populations that did not achieve 98% EI in the DD assays. Results: Susceptibility alterations to pyriproxyfen were recorded in six (4.5%) Ae. aegypti populations from the states of Bahia and Ceará, with Resistance Ratios (RR95) ranging from 1.51 to 3.58. Concerning malathion, 73 (55.3%) populations distributed throughout the country were resistant when exposed to the local DD 20 µg/bottle. On the other hand, no population was resistant, and only 10 (7.6%) populations in eight states were considered as exhibiting decreased susceptibility (mortality ratios between 90 and 98%) when exposed to the WHO DD (50 µg/bottle). Conclusions: The feasibility of conducting an insecticide resistance monitoring action on a nation-wide scale was confirmed herein, employing standardized and strongly coordinated sampling methods and laboratory bioassays. Brazilian Ae. aegypti populations exhibiting decreased susceptibility to pyriproxyfen were identified. The local DD for malathion was more sensitive than the WHO DD for early decreased susceptibility detection.
Are Clinical Practice Guidelines of Low Back Pain interventions of high quality and updated? A systematic review using the AGREE II instrument
Authors: Castellini Greta , Iannicelli Valerio , Briguglio Matteo , Corbetta Davide , Sconfienza Luca Maria , Banfi Giuseppe , Gianola Silvia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) provide recommendations for practice, but the proliferation of CPGs issued by multiple organisations in recent years has raised concern about their quality. The aim of this study was to systematically appraise CPGs quality for low back pain (LBP) interventions and to explore inter-rater reliability (IRR) between quality appraisers. The time between systematic review search and publication of CPGs was recorded. METHODS: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PEDro, TRIP), guideline organisation databases, websites, and grey literature were searched from January 2016 to January 2020 to identify GPCs on rehabilitative, pharmacological or surgical intervention for LBP management. Four independent reviewers used the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool to evaluate CPGs quality and record the year the CPGs were published and the year the search strategies were conducted. RESULTS: A total of 21 CPGs met the inclusion criteria and were appraised. Seven (33%) were broad in scope and involved surgery, rehabilitation or pharmacological intervention. The score for each AGREE II item was: Editorial Independence (median 67%, interquartile range [IQR] 31 – 84%), Scope and Purpose (median 64%, IQR 22 – 83%), Rigour of Development (median 50%, IQR 21 – 72%), Clarity and Presentation (median 50%, IQR 28 – 79%), Stakeholder Involvement (median 36%, IQR 10 – 74%), and Applicability (median 11%, IQR 0 – 46%). The IRR between the assessors was nearly perfect (interclass correlation 0.90; 95% confidence interval 0.88 – 0.91). The median time span was 2 years (range, 1-4), however, 38% of the CPGs did not report the coverage dates for systematic searches. CONCLUSIONS: We found methodological limitations that affect CPGs quality. In our opinion, a universal database is needed in which guidelines can be registered and recommendations dynamically developed through a living systematic reviews approach to ensure that guidelines are based on updated evidence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1 REGISTRATION PROSPERO DETAILS: CRD42019127619.
Adjunctive air-polishing with erythritol in nonsurgical periodontal therapy – a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jentsch Holger F.R. , Flechsig Christian , Kette Benjamin , Eick Sigrun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: This study was aimed to investigate if the adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during subgingival instrumentation (SI) has an effect on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. Methods:Forty-two individuals with periodontitis received nonsurgical periodontal therapy by SI without (controls, n=21) and with adjunctive air-polishing using nozzle + erythritol powder (test, n=21). They were analyzed for the clinical variables BOP (primary outcome at six month), probing depth (PD), attachment level (AL), four selected microorganisms and two biomarkers at baseline, before SI as well as three and six months after SI. Statistical analysis included nonparametric tests for intra- and intergroup comparisons. Results: In both groups, the clinical variables probing depth (PD), attachment level and BOP significantly improved three and six months after SI. The number of sites with PD ≥ 5mm was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group after six months. At six months vs. baseline, there were significant reductions of Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola counts as well as lower levels of MMP-8 in the test group. Conclusions:Subgingival instrumentation with adjunctive erythritol air-polishing powder does not reduce BOP. But it may add beneficial effects like reducing the probing depth measured as number of residual periodontal pocket with PD ≥ 5mm when compared with subgingival instrumentation only. Clinical relevanceThe adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during SI may improve the clinical outcome of SI and may reduce the need for periodontal surgery.
Process data of allogeneic ex vivo-expanded ABCB5+ mesenchymal stromal cells for human use: Off-the-shelf GMP-manufactured donor-independent ATMP
Authors: Ballikaya Seda , Sadeghi Samar , Niebergall-Roth Elke , Nimtz Laura , Frindert Jens , Norrick Alexandra , Stemler Nicole , Bauer Nicole , Rosche Yvonne , Kratzenberg Vanessa , Pieper Julia , Ficek Tina , Frank Markus H , Ganss Christoph , Esterlechner Jasmina , Kluth Mark Andreas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Human dermal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) expressing the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporter ABCB5 represent an easily accessible MSC population that, based on preclinical and first-in-human data, holds significant promise to treat a broad spectrum of conditions associated not only with skin-related but also systemic inflammatory and/or degenerative processes.Methods: We have developed a validated Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant expansion and manufacturing process by which ABCB5+ MSCs derived from surgical discard skin tissues are processed to an advanced-therapy medicinal product (ATMP) for clinical use. Enrichment for ABCB5+ MSCs is achieved in a three-step process involving plastic adherence selection, expansion in a highly efficient MSC-selecting medium and immunomagnetic isolation of the ABCB5+ cells from the mixed culture.Results: Product Quality Review data covering 324 cell expansions, 728 ABCB5+ MSC isolations, 66 ABCB5+ MSC batches and 85 final drug products reveal high process robustness and reproducible, reliable quality of the manufactured cell therapy product.Conclusion: We have successfully established an expansion and manufacturing process that enables the generation of homogenous ABCB5+ MSC populations of proven biological activity manufactured as a standardized, donor-independent, highly pure and highly functional off-the-shelf available ATMP, which is currently tested in multiple clinical trials.
Safety and efficacy of a novel cephalomedullary nail in femoral shaft fractures: a retrospective observational cohort in 33 patients
Authors: De Leon Jorge Clint , Dang Khang H , Tye Cooper Benjamin , Breinholt Connor Scott , Karia Ravi A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: There is limited data on the efficacy and failure rate ofspecific implants for femoral fracture fixation. A novel cephalomedullary nail that provides various options for proximal and distal fixation is available on the market. However, limited information is available on the safety and efficacy of the specific implant. The aim of this study is to evaluate the postoperative complication rates related to the use of the novel cephalomedullary nail for femoral fracture fixation.Methods: Patients over 18 years of age, with traumatic femur shaft fractures, treated with this novel cephalomedullary nail and available for a minimum of 3-month follow-up were included for analysis. Retrospective chart review for this retrospective observational cohort study was performed. Demographic data, injury details, AO/OTA fracture classification, and implant details were recorded for each patient. Primary outcome measured was implant failures (screw or nail breakage). Secondary outcomes measured included malunion, nonunion, deep infection, post-operative complications, and need for reoperation. We hypothesize that the union and failure rate will be similar to that reported in the literature for femur shaft fractures.Results: Of the 33 patients included for analysis, 1 patient went on to non-union. There were no cases of implant failure. The single nonunion was a high-energy mechanism, open fracture, and higher level AO/OTA classification. The remaining 32 reached radiographic union at 3 months. Conclusion: The nonunion rate of this novel cephalomedullary nail is comparable to what is reported in the literature. This nail is a safe and effective implant to treat femoral shaft fractures with a variety of ipsilateral femoral shaft injuries and reliably leads fracture union. Further studies are needed analyzing implant failure and comparing specific implants.
Expression patterns of ciliopathy genes ARL3 and CEP120 reveal roles in multisystem development
Authors: Powell L , Barroso-Gil M , Clowry Gavin J , Devlin Laura A , Molinari Elisa , Ramsbottom Simon A , Miles Colin G , Sayer John 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Joubert syndrome and related disorders (JSRD) and Jeune syndrome are multisystem ciliopathy disorders with overlapping phenotypes. There are a growing number of genetic causes for these rare syndromes, including the recently described genes ARL3 and CEP120.Methods: We sought to explore the developmental expression patterns of ARL3 and CEP120 in humans to gain additional understanding of these genetic conditions. We used an RNA in situ detection technique called RNAscope to characterise ARL3 and CEP120 expression patterns in human embryos and foetuses in collaboration with the MRC-Wellcome Trust Human Developmental Biology Resource.Results: Both ARL3 and CEP120 are expressed in early human brain development, including the cerebellum and in the developing retina and kidney, consistent with the clinical phenotypes seen with pathogenic variants in these genes.Conclusions: This study provides insights into the potential pathogenesis of JSRD by uncovering the spatial expression of two JSRD-causative genes during normal human development.
Predicting in-silico electron ionization mass spectra using quantum chemistry
Authors: Wang Shunyang , Kind Tobias , Tantillo Dean J. , Fiehn Oliver 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Compound identification by mass spectrometry needs reference mass spectra. While there are over 102 million compounds in PubChem, less than 300,000 curated electron ionization (EI) mass spectra are available from NIST or MoNA mass spectral databases. Here, we test quantum chemistry methods (QCEIMS) to generate in-silico EI mass spectra (MS) by combining molecular dynamics (MD) with statistical methods. To test the accuracy of predictions, in-silico mass spectra of 451 small molecules were generated and compared to experimental spectra from the NIST 17 mass spectral library. The compounds covered 43 chemical classes, ranging up to 358 Da. Organic oxygen compounds had a lower matching accuracy, while computation time exponentially increased with molecular size. The parameter space was probed to increase prediction accuracy including initial temperatures, the number of MD trajectories and impact excess energy (IEE). Conformational flexibility was not correlated to the accuracy of predictions. Overall, QCEIMS can predict 70 eV electron ionization spectra of chemicals from first principles. Improved methods to calculate potential energy surfaces (PES) are still needed before QCEIMS mass spectra of novel molecules can be generated at large scale.
Recurrent and Concurrent Patterns of Regional BOLD Dynamics and Functional Connectivity Dynamics in Cognitive Decline
Authors: Liang Lingyan , Yuan Yueming , Wei Yichen , Yu Bihan , Mai Wei , Duan Gaoxiong , Nong Xiucheng , Li Chong , Su Jiahui , Zhao Lihua , Zhang Zhiguo , Deng Demao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background : The brain’s dynamic spontaneous neural activity and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) are both important in supporting cognition, but how these two types of brain dynamics evolve and co-evolve in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate recurrent and concurrent patterns of two types of dynamic brain states correlated with cognitive decline.Methods : The present study analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 62 SCD patients, 75 MCI patients, and 70 healthy controls (HCs). We used the sliding-window and clustering method to identify two types of recurrent brain states from both dFC and dynamic regional spontaneous activity, as measured by dynamic fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dfALFF). Then, the occurrence frequency of a dFC or dfALFF state and the co-occurrence frequency of a pair of dFC and dfALFF states among all time points are extracted for each participant to describe their dynamics brain patterns.Results : We identified a few recurrent states of dfALFF and dFC, and further ascertained the co-occurrent patterns of these two types of dynamic brain states (i.e., dfALFF and dFC states). Importantly, the occurrence frequency of a default-mode network (DMN)-dominated dFC state was significantly different between HCs and SCD patients, and the co-occurrence frequencies of a DMN-dominated dFC state and a DMN-dominated dfALFF state were also significantly different between SCD and MCI patients. These two dynamic features were both significantly positively correlated with Mini Mental State Examination scores.Conclusion : Our findings revealed novel fMRI-based neural signatures of cognitive decline from recurrent and concurrent patterns of dfALFF and dFC, providing strong evidence supporting SCD as the transition phase between normal aging and MCI. This finding holds potential to differentiate SCD patients from HCs via both dFC and dfALFF as objective neuroimaging biomarkers, which may aid in the early diagnosis and intervention of Alzheimer’s disease.
Ketogenic diet-mediated steroid metabolism reprogramming improves the immune microenvironment and myelin growth of spinal cord injury rats through gene analysis and co-expression network analysis
Authors: Zeng Hong , Lu Yao , Huang Meng jie , Yang Yan yan , Xing Hua yi , Liu Xiao xie , Zhou Mouwang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The ketogenic diet has been widely used in the treatment of various nervous system and metabolic-related diseases. Our previous research found that a ketogenic diet exerts a protective effect and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury. However, the mechanism of treatment is still unclear. In this study, different dietary feeding methods were used to detect myelin expression and gene level changes between different groups.Result We established 15 RNA-Seq cDNA libraries and divided them into 4 groups (SCI_KD, SCI_SD, Sham_KD and Sham_SD), and a total of 32,883 genes were detected by RNA-seq. First, KEGG pathway enrichment of upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the SCI_KD and SCI_SD groups and GSEA analysis of the two groups found that a ketogenic diet significantly improved the steroid anabolic pathway in rats with spinal cord injury. Through cluster analysis, PPI analysis and visualization of iPath metabolic pathways, Sqle, Sc5d, Cyp51, Dhcr24, Msmo1, Hsd17b7, and Fdft1 changed significantly in the pathway. Second, through WGCNA analysis, all samples are placed in a gene network to analyse the correlation between gene modules and phenotypes. After module analysis, GO function and KEGG analysis showed that rats fed a ketogenic diet showed significantly reduced immune-related pathways, including those associated with immune and infectious diseases.Conclusion A ketogenic diet may improve the immune microenvironment and myelin growth in rats with spinal cord injury through reprogramming of steroid metabolism.