bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscope presence during endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) influences FLIP metrics in the evaluation of esophageal dysmotility
Authors: Bianca Amanda , Schindler Valeria , Schnurre Larissa , Murray Fritz , Runggaldier Daniel , Gyawali Chandra Prakash , Pohl Daniel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) system is an FDA‐approved tool for dynamic evaluation of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ). Even though commercially available since 2009, FLIP utilization remains low, partly due to lack of consensus in methodology and interpretation. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the influence of concurrent endoscopy on FLIP measurements.MethodsIn this single‐center study, we reviewed data from 93 patients undergoing FLIP for symptomatic esophageal motility disorders between 2016 and 2018. During sedated endoscopy, we measured luminal values (distensibility, cross‐sectional area (CSA), and balloon pressure) at the EGJ and distal esophagus using 30, 40, and 50 mL distension volumes, with and without concurrent endoscope presence. All recorded values were compared at the various distension volumes between the two measurements using a Wilcoxon rank sum test.Key ResultsThere was a significant difference in distensibility and CSA with index distension volume (40 mL) at the EGJ comparing the two measurements: Lower median distensibility was 2.1 mm2 mm Hg−1 in the group with concurrent inserted endoscope, respectively, 3.4 mm2 mm Hg−1 without endoscope (P < .001), and median CSA was 86.0 resp. 110.0 mm2 (P < .001). No significant difference could be found in the measurements of the distal esophagus.Conclusions & InferencesOur results show a significant difference in FLIP measurements with and without endoscope presence. This underlines the importance of establishing a consensus of a standardized FLIP protocol to define normal luminal values and guiding future FLIP diagnostic studies.
Fair reliability of eckardt scores in achalasia and non‐achalasia patients: Psychometric properties of the eckardt spanish version in a multicentric study
Authors: Cisternas Daniel , Monrroy Hugo , Riquelme Arnoldo , Padilla Oslando , Fuentes‐López Eduardo , Valle Arturo , Mejia Ricardo , Hani Albis , Ardila‐Hani Andres F. , Leguizamo Ana Maria , Bilder Claudio , Ditaranto Andres , Remes‐Troche Jose Maria , Ruiz de León Antonio , Pérez de la Serna Julio , Marin Ingrid , Serra Jordi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundEckardt symptom score (ESS) is the most used tool for the evaluation of esophageal symptoms. Recent data suggest that it might have suboptimal reliability and validity. The aims of this study were as follows: (a) Develop and validate an international Spanish ESS version. (b) Perform psychometric ESS evaluation in patients with achalasia and non‐achalasia patients.MethodsEckardt symptom score translation was performed by Delphi process. ESS psychometric evaluation was done in two different samples of patients referred for manometry. First sample: 430 dysphagia non‐achalasia patients. Second sample: 161 achalasia patients. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's α and Guttman coefficient (<0.5 = unacceptable. 0.5‐0.7 = fair. >0.7 = acceptable).Key ResultsOur data show that in patients without and with achalasia, ESS behaves similarly. Both show a fair reliability with Cronbach's α of 0.57 and 0.65, respectively. Based on our results, we recommend interpretation of the Spanish ESS be done with caution. The psychometric quality of the ESS could not be improved by removal of any items based on the single‐factor structure of the scale and no items meeting criteria for elimination.Conclusions and InferencesEckardt symptom score Spanish translation was developed. ESS showed a fair reliability for the evaluation of patients with any causes of dysphagia. Our results highlight the need for development and psychometric validation of new dysphagia scoring tools.
Frey syndrome‐like developmental dysautonomia in a child with PHACE syndrome
Authors: Kurian Shannon R. , Siegfried Elaine C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPHACE syndrome classically presents with a large, segmental facial infantile hemangioma (IH) associated with structural and vascular abnormalities involving the head and neck, heart, and eyes. We evaluated an infant who presented with ptosis caused by a clinically subtle, deep right‐sided periorbital IH identified on MRI that also incidentally revealed hypoplasia of the right common carotid and right internal carotid arteries, supporting a diagnosis of PHACE syndrome. She subsequently developed acute‐onset, transient right‐sided facial erythema without anisocoria, triggered by feeding and emotional stress. We believe this represents a Frey syndrome‐like developmental dysautonomia, previously unreported in association with PHACE syndrome, suggesting an associated defect in neurovascular embryogenesis.
Comparison of woman‐picked, expert‐picked, and computer‐picked Peak Day of cervical mucus with blinded urine luteinising hormone surge for concurrent identification of ovulation
Authors: Stanford Joseph B. , Schliep Karen C. , Chang Chun‐Pin , O'Sullivan John‐Paul , Porucznik Christina A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated that women instructed in fertility awareness methods can identify the Peak Day of cervical mucus discharge for each menstrual cycle, and the Peak Day has high agreement with other indicators of the day of ovulation. However, previous studies enrolled experienced users of fertility awareness methods or were not fully blinded.ObjectiveTo assess the agreement between cervical mucus Peak Day identified by fertile women without prior experience on assessing cervical mucus discharge with the estimated day of ovulation (1 day after urine luteinising hormone surge).MethodsThis study is a secondary analysis of data from a randomised trial of the Creighton Model FertilityCareTM System (CrM), conducted 2003‐2006, for women trying to conceive. Women who had no prior experience tracking cervical mucus recorded vulvar observations daily using a standardised assessment of mucus characteristics for up to seven menstrual cycles. Four approaches were used to identify the Peak Day. The referent day was defined as one day after the first identified day of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in the urine, assessed blindly. The percentage of agreement between the Peak Day and the referent day of ovulation was calculated.ResultsFifty‐seven women with 187 complete cycles were included. A Peak Day was identified in 117 (63%) cycles by women, 185 (99%) cycles by experts, and 187 (100%) by computer algorithm. The woman‐picked Peak Day was the same as the referent day in 25% of 117 cycles, within ±1 day in 58% of cycles, ±2 days in 84%, ±3 days in 87%, and ±4 days in 92%. The ±1 day and ± 4 days' agreement was 50% and 90% for the expert‐picked and 47% and 87% for the computer‐picked Peak Day, respectively.ConclusionsWomen's daily tracking of cervical mucus is a low‐cost alternative for identifying the estimated day of ovulation.
Time of day differences in neural reward responsiveness in children
Authors: Tsypes Aliona , Gibb Brandon E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Reward Positivity (∆RewP) event‐related potential (ERP), generally quantified as the difference between neural responsiveness to monetary gains (RewP‐Gain) and losses (RewP‐Loss) is commonly used as an index of neural reward responsiveness. Despite the popularity of this ERP component in studies of reward processing, knowledge about the role of state‐related influences on the ∆RewP is limited. The present study examined whether ∆RewP amplitudes may differ based on when during the day they are assessed and whether age or sex would moderate this link. Participants were 188 children between the ages of 7 and 11 (47.3% female) without a lifetime history of a major depressive disorder or any anxiety disorder recruited from the community. Children completed the Doors task during which continuous electroencephalography was recorded to isolate the ∆RewP. To better isolate this ERP component from other temporally or spatially overlapping ERPs, we used temporospatial principal component analysis. We found that time of day (ToD) differences in the ∆RewP amplitude varied based on children's age. Specifically, older, compared to younger, children exhibited stronger responses to gains versus losses between 11:15 a.m. and 12:30 p.m. and after around 5:15 p.m. Further, these age‐related differences appeared to be driven specifically by older children's reduced neural responsiveness to losses. The findings have methodological implications by highlighting the importance of accounting for the ToD at which ∆RewP‐focused study sessions are conducted as well as for demographic characteristics of the participants, such as their age.
Performance Evaluation and Drying Kinetics for Solar Drying of Hygroscopic Crops in Vacuum Tube Assisted Hybrid Dryer
Authors: Saxena Gaurav , Gaur M.K. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The present experimentation work discloses drying of hygroscopic crops under the new concept of solar-assisted greenhouse type dryer integrated with evacuated tube water heating system to control and maintain the temperature of the greenhouse environment according to the regulated flowrate of heated water in the drying trays. The dryer consists of an evacuated tube solar collector, flow regulating device and drying bed with provision for the flow of heated water. The power supply for forced circulation of solar-heated water inside the copper tube as well as the greenhouse environment air is maintained by solar photovoltaic (PV) modules. The dryer is tested for drying two hygroscopic crops namely coriander and fenugreek. The drying performance of the hybrid system is evaluated in terms of mass reduction and its derived influence on moisture content and drying rate. The derived parameters are compared with the corresponding evaluations under open sun drying. The rise in the greenhouse environment temperature and the crop surface temperature at hourly intervals as compared to the ambient condition were used as parameters for the thermal performance of the dryer. The drying curve for change in mass shows complete drying time for coriander and fenugreek reduced by 3.5 and 2.5 h, respectively, for present sample sizes. The most suitable mathematical model was also regressed using matlab followed by the development of a neural network for more precise prediction of moisture ratio (MR) for present hybrid drying.
Twenty miles per hour speed zones reduce the danger to pedestrians and cyclists
Authors: Cook Rob , Davidson Peter , Martin Rosie 
Published: February 2020

The studyCleland LC, McComb L, Kee F, et al. Effects of 20 mph interventions on a range of public health outcomes: a meta-narrative evidence synthesis. J Transp Health 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jth.2019.100633.This project was funded by the NIHR Policy Research Programme (project number 17/149/19).To read the full NIHR Signal, go to: https://discover.dc.nihr.ac.uk/content/signal-000853/twenty-mph-speed-zones-reduce-the-danger-to-pedestrians-and-cyclists
Use of the pCONus HPC as an adjunct to coil occlusion of acutely ruptured aneurysms: early clinical experience using single antiplatelet therapy
Authors: Aguilar Perez Marta , AlMatter Muhammad , Hellstern Victoria , Wendl Christina , Ganslandt Oliver , Bäzner Hansjörg , Henkes Hans 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundCoil occlusion has become the standard treatment for many ruptured aneurysms. However, specific aneurysm structures pose technical difficulties and may require the use of adjunctive neck-bridging devices, which necessitate the use of dual antiplatelet therapy. The hydrophilic polymer coating (pHPC, phenox) is a surface modification that inhibits platelet adhesion.ObjectiveTo present initial experience with the pCONUS HPC device as an adjunct to coil embolization for ruptured aneurysms using single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT).MethodsAll patients who were treated with the pCONUS HPC for ruptured aneurysms using SAPT were retrospectively identified. The occurrence of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications was recorded together with the angiographic and clinical follow-up details.ResultsFifteen patients were identified (nine female) with a median age of 54 years (range 27–81). Six aneurysms were located at the anterior communicating artery, five at the middle cerebral artery bifurcation, two at the basilar artery bifurcation, one at the posterior communicating artery, and one involving the intradural internal carotid artery. Ten patients (66.6%) achieved modified Raymond–Roy classification I or II at post-treatment angiography, with 45.5% of patients having adequate occlusion (defined as complete occlusion or neck remnant) at follow-up. All patients received acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as SAPT before and after the procedure. Intraprocedural thrombus formation was seen in three patients (20%), resolving in two patients after a bolus dose of eptifibatide, and one treated with mechanical aspiration. No clinical or radiological consequences were seen. There were no recurrent aneurysm ruptures. One patient died owing to cerebral vasospasm.ConclusionThis initial clinical experience highlights the possibility and limitations of using the pCONUS HPC device in the treatment of complex ruptured aneurysm with ASA as SAPT. Randomized trials with longer follow-up in larger cohorts are underway.
Body mass index and weight change are associated with adult lung function trajectories: the prospective ECRHS study
Authors: Peralta Gabriela P , Marcon Alessandro , Carsin Anne-Elie , Abramson Michael J , Accordini Simone , Amaral André FS , Antó Josep M , Bowatte Gayan , Burney Peter , Corsico Angelo , Demoly Pascal , Dharmage Shyamali , Forsberg Bertil , Fuertes Elaine , Garcia-Larsen Vanessa , Gíslason Thorarinn , Gullón José-Antonio , Heinrich Joachim , Holm Mathias , Jarvis Deborah L , Janson Christer , Jogi Rain , Johannessen Ane , Leynaert Bénédicte , Rovira Jesús Martínez-Moratalla , Nowak Dennis , Probst-Hensch Nicole , Raherison Chantal , Sánchez-Ramos José-Luis , Sigsgaard Torben , Siroux Valérie , Squillacioti Giulia , Urrutia Isabel , Weyler Joost , Zock Jan-Paul , Garcia-Aymerich Judith 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported an association between weight increase and excess lung function decline in young adults followed for short periods. We aimed to estimate lung function trajectories during adulthood from 20-year weight change profiles using data from the population-based European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS).MethodsWe included 3673 participants recruited at age 20–44 years with repeated measurements of weight and lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)) in three study waves (1991–93, 1999–2003, 2010–14) until they were 39–67 years of age. We classified subjects into weight change profiles according to baseline body mass index (BMI) categories and weight change over 20 years. We estimated trajectories of lung function over time as a function of weight change profiles using population-averaged generalised estimating equations.ResultsIn individuals with normal BMI, overweight and obesity at baseline, moderate (0.25–1 kg/year) and high weight gain (>1 kg/year) during follow-up were associated with accelerated FVC and FEV1declines. Compared with participants with baseline normal BMI and stable weight (±0.25 kg/year), obese individuals with high weight gain during follow-up had −1011 mL (95% CI −1.259 to −763) lower estimated FVC at 65 years despite similar estimated FVC levels at 25 years. Obese individuals at baseline who lost weight (<−0.25 kg/year) exhibited an attenuation of FVC and FEV1declines. We found no association between weight change profiles and FEV1/FVC decline.ConclusionModerate and high weight gain over 20 years was associated with accelerated lung function decline, while weight loss was related to its attenuation. Control of weight gain is important for maintaining good lung function in adult life.
Regularity condition on the anisotropy induced by gravitational decoupling in the framework of MGD
Authors: Abellán G. , Torres-Sánchez V. A. , Fuenmayor E. , Contreras E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe use gravitational decoupling to establish a connection between the minimal geometric deformation approach and the standard method for obtaining anisotropic fluid solutions. Motivated by the relations that appear in the framework of minimal geometric deformation, we give an anisotropy factor that allows us to solve the quasi–Einstein equations associated to the decoupling sector. We illustrate this by building an anisotropic extension of the well known Tolman IV solution, providing in this way an exact and physically acceptable solution that represents the behavior of compact objects. We show that, in this way, it is not necessary to use the usual mimic constraint conditions. Our solution is free from physical and geometrical singularities, as expected. We have presented the main physical characteristics of our solution both analytically and graphically and verified the viability of the solution obtained by studying the usual criteria of physical acceptability.
Structural, optical and other spectral studies of transition metal Ti4+-doped Zn-Cd oxide nanomaterials
Authors: Saleem Mohd , Tiwari S. , Soni M. , Bajpai N. , Mishra Ashutosh 
Published: February 2020

Titanium ([Formula: see text])-doped nanoparticles of the type [Formula: see text] [[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]] are reported in this study. The samples were synthesized by citric acid assisted sol–gel auto combustion (SGAC) method. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) techniques for structural studies. Further, for optical properties, UV-Vis technique has been used. In addition, samples were studied for dielectric properties. Room-temperature XRD data study reveals the sample formation with wurtzite hexagonal structure exhibiting space group [Formula: see text]mc also confirmed from Rietveld refinement of XRD data. Raman spectra displays characteristic active phonon modes in pristine [Formula: see text] and doped [Formula: see text]. UV-Vis diffused reflectance spectroscopy analysis infer bandgap values of 3.14 and 3.12 eV for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The dielectric studies confirmed high dielectric constant for [Formula: see text] compared to pristine [Formula: see text]. A non-Debye character with spread of relaxation times was witnessed from impedance study.
Lecciones de la crisis de la deuda
Authors: García Carlos 
Published: February 2020

Hasta antes del crash financiero que comenzó en 2007 con las hipotecas subprime en los EE.UU. –que se profundizó en 2008 con la quiebra e intervención de varias instituciones financieras como Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers y AIG– la importancia que se le daba a los mercados financieros dentro del marco de análisis de la política económica era secundaria. Continuar leyendo...
Mouth-Level Nicotine Intake Estimates from Discarded Filter Butts to Examine Compensatory Smoking in Low Nicotine Cigarettes
Authors: Smith Tracy T. , Koopmeiners Joseph S. , Hatsukami Dorothy K. , Tessier Katelyn M. , Benowitz Neal L. , Murphy Sharon E. , Strasser Andrew A. , Tidey Jennifer W. , Blount Benjamin C. , Valentin Liza , Bravo Cardenas Roberto , Watson Clifford , Pirkle James L. , Donny Eric C. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
A mandated reduction in the nicotine content of cigarettes could reduce smoking rate and prevalence. However, one concern is that smokers may compensate by increasing the intensity with which they smoke each cigarette to obtain more nicotine. This study assessed whether smokers engage in compensatory smoking by estimating the mouth-level nicotine intake of low nicotine cigarettes smoked during a clinical trial.

Methods:
Smokers were randomly assigned to receive cigarettes with one of five nicotine contents for 6 weeks. An additional group received a cigarette with the lowest nicotine content, but an increased tar yield. The obtained mouth-level nicotine intake from discarded cigarette butts for a subset of participants (51–70/group) was estimated using solanesol as described previously. A compensation index was calculated for each group to estimate the proportion of nicotine per cigarette recovered through changes in smoking intensity.

Results:
There was no significant increase in smoking intensity for any of the reduced nicotine cigarettes as measured by the compensation index (an estimated 0.4% of the nicotine lost was recovered in the lowest nicotine group; 95% confidence interval, −0.1 to 1.2). There was a significant decrease in smoking intensity for very low nicotine content cigarettes with increased tar yield.

Conclusions:
Reductions in nicotine content did not result in compensatory changes in how intensively participants smoked research cigarettes.

Impact:
Combined with data from clinical trials showing a reduction in cigarettes smoked per day, these data suggest that a reduction in nicotine content is unlikely to result in increased smoke exposure.
Do orientation and substrate influence apparent turning biases by the 7-spot ladybird, Coccinella septempunctata?
Authors: Humphreys Rosalind K. , Ruxton Graeme D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
How foraging predators explore their environment is a fundamental aspect of predator-prey interactions. Girling et al. (2007) tested Coccinella septempunctata in a Y-maze, finding that approximately 45% of individuals displayed significant turning biases. We extend the work of Girling et al. in three ways: (1) turning bias was tested on vertical as well as horizontal structures, (2) turning bias was tested on natural Y-shaped twigs as well as artificial twigs and (3) turning bias was recorded both as the pre-designated ‘left’ or ‘right’ physical branch selected and from the perspective of ladybirds. No significant patterns of ‘handedness’ were apparent with vertical orientation, on either substrate. With horizontal orientation, significant turning biases were exhibited on artificial but not natural twigs. Overall, although turning biases are theoretically efficient when searching branched structures, we propose that in natural environments ladybirds will base their foraging movements on environmental cues.
In vivo production of entomopathogenic nematodes suppressed by asymptomatic bacterial contaminants
Authors: Upadhyay Akanksha , Mohan Sharad 
Published: February 2020

Summary
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are excellent biological control agents possessing recycling ability as one of their major attributes. We report the presence of asymptomatic bacteria that can lead to disrupted or low progeny production in Heterorhabditis indica. In a one-to-one in vitro competitive bioassay with contaminants associated with H. indica cuticle, there was a significant suppression in the growth of Sphingomonas koreensis when stressed with the nematode symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens; however, P. luminescens was suppressed when sandwiched between Ochrobactrum anthropi. Bacillus bombysepticus associated with laboratory-reared Galleria when stressed by P. luminescens was significantly suppressed, but not so in the reverse assay. Both O. anthropi and B. bombysepticus were found to be insecticidal to Galleria larvae when fed orally. Tripartite interactive studies on the growth and multiplication of H. indica-P. luminescens symbionts in Galleria larvae, predisposed to S. koreensis, revealed no significant difference initially in the hermaphrodite formation, but subsequently there was a significant decline in the formation of amphimictic females and the final production of infective juveniles. In in vitro studies, none of the contaminants supported the growth and development of axenic H. indica. Adequate precautions should be taken to maintain proper hygiene to eliminate such contaminants while culturing the Galleria and EPN for use in the biological control of insects.