bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P1824RETROSPECTIVE STUDY FOR THE ANALYSIS AND EVOLUTION OF RENAL FUNCTION IN A COHORT OF PATIENTS AFFECTED BY THE NEPHRONOPHTHISIS COMPLEX
Authors: Arango Sancho Pedro , López Baez Víctor , Codina Sampera Elena , Calzada Baños Yolanda , Vinuesa Jaca Ana , Hernández Zúñiga Lina , Madrid Aris Álvaro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Determine evolution of renal function in nephronophthisis patient cohort, prognosis and variability of clinical presentation.

Method
Retrospective observational study to determine evolution of renal function in our cohort(n=13) between 4.5-20 years affected by different syndromes associated with nephronophthisis complex in last 20 years. We compared clinical-analytical parameters to diagnosis with current ones, including needs for kidney transplantation and results of genetics.

Results
Chronic-Kidney-Disease (CKD) prevalence at diagnosis was between 0.9-8.5 years (mean 5.3 years), staging of CKD was: 30.7% stage 2, 15.38% stage 3a and 1 patient stage 3b. 23.07% in stages 4 and 5. 69.23% needs first kidney transplantation and even a second one 15.38%. The average age at first transplantation was 6.04 years(2-11.67 years). The mean age to enter in renal replacement therapy program was 1.3 years(0.1-3.67 years). Among non-transplant, from diagnosis to present its being 0.5-7.25 years(median, 4.24 years). Most frequent symptom at the onset of the disease was delay in weight gain and height(84.61%) and also in cognitive development(53.84%), followed by polyuria-polydipsia(46.15%) and other signs/symptoms such as ataxia, pigmentary retinitis, hepatic insufficiency or skeletal alterations. In fact, in up to 54% of cases, renal involvement was a casual finding. Even with this, the most frequent form of presentation was purely renal(38.46%), followed by Joubert's Syndrome(30.77%), RHYNS(15.38%), Senior-Loken(7.7%) and Maizner-Saldino(7.7%). Currently, calculated glomerular filtration rate ranges between30.2-90.21 ml/min/1.73 m2 among recipient, with majority in the CKD stages: 3a(56%) and in between 30-128 ml/min/1.73 m2 among non-transplant patients, with predominance CKD 2 (50%).

Conclusion
The prognosis of renal function in the short-medium term in nephronophthisis is unfortunate. The possible initial symptomatic renal silence, the need (&gt;50%) of multidisciplinary management and the frequency of CKD advanced to the diagnosis make necessary the knowledge of the disease and its possible associations, as well as its active search.
P1826ASSESSMENT OF GROWTH PARAMETERS OF CHILDREN IN LONG TERM FOLLOW UP WITH DIFFERENT RELAPSING COURSE OF NEPHROTIC SYNDROME
Authors: Sharma Sonia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Childhood Nephrotic syndrome has its peak onset in the age group 2-4 years, and that is also a period of significant height growth. Corticosteroids and chronic diseases are known to have long term effects on growth parameters of these children. Hence we assessed and compared the growth of children with Infrequent relapsing (IFRNS) and remission (R) as group 1, Frequent -relapsing (FR), and steroid - dependent (SD) as group 2 and steroid -resistant (SR) as group 3.

Method
This retrospective single center study collected data from medical records of children presented in a pediatric nephrology clinic in a tertiary care center in New Delhi. Nephrotic children, aged 1-18 years with regular follow up in the period of 2014 to 2019 were included. Basic demographic details including age at onset and age at last follow up in clinic, sex, anthropometry details at last follow up were recorded. We traced initial height at nephrotic syndrome onset to assess growth velocity but were unavailable at the moment so excluded from analysis. Also, children completed less than 1 year follow up, and compliance issues were excluded. Z scores (standard deviation score) for weight, height and BMI were calculated. Initial comparison of three groups as FR/SDNS, IFRNS/R and SRNS was done. But in the second comparison, we combined FR/SD and SR children in one group as Difficult nephrotic syndrome (DNS) group. Anova Kruskal-Wallis test was used to find significance in three groups in table 1. Subsequent analysis was done by the non-parametric statistic method Mann-Whitney Test to assess significance in subgroups of boys and girls.

Results:
27 IFR/R nephrotic children, 36 FR/SD, and 15 SRNS were compared as in Table1. D-NS and IFRNS-R for boys and girls ratio (11; 16) & (18; 32) followed for a median period of 18 (max 46; 12), 24.6 (57.6; 12), and 32 (50;12) months respectively.

Conclusion
Linear growth (height) is the most affected parameters in children in SRNS and FR/SD nephrotic syndrome. Effect is more significant in girls then in boys as they showed improvement in . No difference in weight and BMI is seen on applied statistics in two groups.
P1827SIMPLE METHOD OF RENAL BIOPSY WITHOUT ADMISSIN IN CHILDREN
Authors: Cho Byoung-Soo , Yun Hyaejin , Jung Sungmin , Lee Hyun-soon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Renal biopsy is an essential procedure for diagnosis and prognosis of the glomerular diseases, however needs a lot of skill and experience to do and usually requires admission for a couple of days, unless sometimes needs an embolization, transfusion, nephrectomy etc. We have an experience of more than 3,000 cases of renal biopsy without major complications such as bleeding, embolization, nephrectomy etc.. Recently we performed 309 cases of renal biopsies, whose age is under 20 year old, at the OPD level without admission.

Method
Before renal biopsy we checked bleeding tendencies and blood thinning agents were hold for more than 1 week. Kidney biopsy was done under local lidocain anesthetic at biopsy site and IV ketamine in uncooperative children. Biopsy needle was inserted under the ultrasound guide(GE LogiQ E9) at the lower pole of the kidney. We checked renal hematoma, AV-fistula formation etc. by ultrasound 3 times every one hour until go home. Biopsy materials were sent to H.S.Lee’s pathology lab. All patients went home in 6 hours after procedure. As far as we know, our clinic is the world’s first time try doing kidney biopsy at OPD plus pathology together, although some kidney pathology reading centers are available in some place.
IF results were reported by on-line on the day of kidney biopsy after 5 hours and LM and EM were reported by on-line within two days. All cases went home after 6 hours of procedure.

Results
We performed 309 cases of renal biopsy at OPD level without any major complications, of which 43 cases were follow up renal biopsies. No major complications were noted such as bleeding, AV fistular, embolization, nephrectomy etc.. Male to female ratio was 1.24. Age distribution was from 2 to 20 year-old.
Biopsy results were as follows; mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis 82 cases(26.51%), IgA nephropathy 81 cases(26.2%), mild focal nonspecific glomerulonephritis 45 cases(14.6%), HSP 23 cases(7.4%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 17 cases(5.5%), podocyte disease 13 cases (4.2%), Alport’s syndrome 10 cases(3.2%), minor glomerular change 10 cases (3.2%), MPGN 8 cases (2.6%), membranous nephropathy 6 cases(1.9%), and Lupus nephritis, C1q nephropathy, C3 nephropathy, obesity related nephropathy were 11 cases respectively and others include acute PSGN, chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis.

Conclusion
OPD level percutaneous renal biopsy in children is no more a dangerous procedure if performed exactly at lower pole of the kidney, with close follow up for 6 hours by ultrasound examination.
P1830HEMODIALYSIS IN CHILDREN:NINE YEARS OF EXPERIENCE OF ALBANIAN CHILDREN HEMODIALYSIS CENTER
Authors: Xhango Ornela , Xhepa Rezar , Shtiza Diamant 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Hemodialysis is one of the modalities of renal replacement therapies, which is required for patients with serious acute or chronic renal dysfunction, in consequence, with uremic toxicity and derangement of electrolytes and acid-base balance.
We started provided an hemodyalisis treatment for children in Albania, for the first time about nine years ago. We want to show you our modest experience and some statistical data about the only centre of the hemodialysis for children in Albania.

Method
All patients who received hemodyalisis treatment between September 2010 and September 2019, were enrolled in the study.

Results
55 children with acute or chronic injury received hemodyalisis treatment over 9 years; 28 females and 27 males, aged from 6 months to 17 years old. 29 cases had acute kidney injury (14 of them due to HUS). 23 of AKI cases are completely recovered. 5 cases had fatal outcome, one left with renal sequelae. Of 26 children with chronic kidney disease, 13 of them underwent live-related renal transplantation, 3 children are left to continue their treatments abroad, one child actually is in CAPD, 2children died, the others continue the dialysis treatments. 14 children came from Kosovo.

Conclusion
Despite the limited experience, our hemodialysis center has successfully handled cases not only from Albania, but also from Kosovo.
P1833HOW DO WE DEFINE HYPERCALCIURIA IN 24 HR URINE?
Authors: Choi Hyowon , Namgoong Mee Kyung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Hypercalciuria can clinically present itself as gross hematuria, microscopic hematuria, dysuria or abdominal pain without urinary lithiasis. It is also one of main metabolic causes of urinary lithiasis in children. In Nelson pediatrics, hypercalciuria is defined by a 24 -hour urine for calcium excretion&gt;4mg/kg/day. A spot urine calcium creatinine ratio of &gt;0.2, is considered abnormal in older children and adolescents. Both of them are not a standardized detect in children. Fasting and postprandial spot urinary calcium creatinine ratios may not detect hypercalciuria so accurately, that a 24-hour urine is preferred. In addition, 24hr urine collection is frequently under- or over-collected, which leads to an inadequate sampling hard to pick up which one the more accurate calculating methodology for the hypercalciuria detection with 24hr urine is. In this study, we evaluated the comparisons of 24 hr urine calcium creatinine ratio(Ca/Cr), 24hr urine calcium excretion(mg/kg)(Ca/Kg) and CCCR in school aged children.
24-hour urine for calcium excretion&gt;4mg/kg/day
24-hour urine calcium creatinine ratio of &gt;0.2
Calcium creatinine clearance ratio(CCCR); (24-hour U-calcium/P-total calcium) / (24-hour U-creatinine/P-creatinine), as known as fractional excretion of calcium(FeCa)

Method
We enrolled 250 normal kidney function patients who’s age is 7 to 18 year, was able to collect 24 hr urine in a single hospital unit. We conducted 24 hr urine collection, serum calcium creatinine levels on the same day from January 2007 to December 2019. We analyze of each values. We used SPSS. 25.0

Results
P1843NEPHROLOGICAL THEMATOLOGY IN PUBLICATIONS DIACHRONICALLY APPEARING IN THE PUBMED BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DATABASE
Authors: Stefanidis Ioannis , Diamandopoulos Athanasios 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Nephrology is a medical specialty, which in the last 50 years experienced very important scientific developments, which formally revolutionized clinical practice, namely renal biopsy, renal replacement therapy and transplantation. In addition understanding pathogenesis and clinic of renal disease also improves steadily, resulting in renewal of definitions, classifications and therapeutics in nephrology. In this context publications with nephrological content are also expanding. The aim of this bibliography-study was to analyze the publications, related to nephrology specific keywords, as they appear in the PubMed database.

Method
Certain nephrology related keywords were applied: “nephrology”, “acute renal failure”, “renal biopsy”, “hemodialysis”, “peritoneal dialysis” and “renal transplantation” were applied as terms in PubMed. Instead of renal kidney was used as an alternative term.

Results
Nephrology as a term appears 141573 times in the database and beginning from 1946 its appearance is expanding in the last three decades. The term “acute renal failure” is found for the time in 1932 in one publication and in a total number 92278 of publications. Renal biopsy appears from 1943 in a total number of 15506 publications. Hemodialysis appears in 182730 citations for the first time in 1915 in human application. Peritoneal dialysis appears in 32266 citations for the first time in 1901 and 1946 in human application. One publication on renal transplantation appears in 1946 and the total number of publications related to renal transplantation is 106075.

Conclusion
According to the above findings there is a clear expansion of nephrological publications in the last decades. In addition, hemodialysis remains still the most frequent term used in nephrology related publications. Historical analysis the PubMed database is very useful as a tool to understand the research and publication trends in nephrology, as we approach to the new era of precision medicine.
P1844QUOTATIONS FROM AHRUN AL-QASS RELATED TO THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM DISEASES IN RHAZES'S LIBER CONTINENS
Authors: ACIDUMAN Ahmet , AŞKİT Çağatay 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Ahrun al-Qass “the priest”, one of the last Alexandrian physicians before the Islamic era and probably a contemporary of Paul of Aegina, composed an enormous Medical Pandect (Kunnāsh fī al-Tibb) containing 30 books. This work is considered to have been originally written in Greek and later to have translated into Syriac. It became one of the important sources of medicine throughout the Islamic world after having been translated from Syriac into Arabic by Māsarjawayh. Some fragments of this lost work have survived in Kitāb al-Hāwī/Liber Continens. The purpose of this study is to present the Ahrun’s fragments related to the genitourinary system diseases existing in Rhazes’s abovementioned work and to introduce them to the history of medicine in the English language.

Method
The quotations from Ahrun related to the genitourinary system diseases in the 10th book of Kitāb al-Hāwī, entitled as “fī amrāḍ al-kulā wa majārī al-bawl wa ghayrihā” are identified via the Arabic and Latin text. Consequently, they are compared to each other and translated into English.

Results
The quotations, in which Rhazes mentioned Ahrun’s name, are related to the genitourinary system diseases such as kidney ulcers, kidney and bladder stones and their treatment, urinary retention, diabetes, involuntarily flow of sperm and its treatment. Some of these quotations also have Rhazes’s comments.

Conclusion
In this study, fragments of Ahrun al-Qass related to the genitourinary system diseases and Rhazes’s comments on them in Liber Continens are discussed and registered to the literature in the field of history of medicine in the English language.
P1846HISTORY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ITS APPLICATION IN NEPHROLOGY
Authors: Tasic Danijela , Milovancevic Milos , Djordjevic Katarina , Galovic Slobodanka , Dimitrijevic Zorica , Mitic Branka , Glogovac Stevan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
The application of artificial intelligence and neural networks in medicine is used to help solve problems that cannot be handled by the classical approach. The common name “cybernetics” encompassed the fields of management, information technology and biomedicine, but these disciplines continued to evolve independently due to the explosion of new knowledge. Over time, the development of neural networks has been turbulent and is now widely used in various fields of medicine and even in nephrology.
The aim of the paper is to analyze the history of the development of artificial intelligence and its application in nephrology.

Method
Data were collected from books, magazines, encyclopedias and databases.

Results
Basic research on cybernetics and medicine was done by Golgi and Kelley doctors after Isaak Newton and Hermann von Helmholtz. The first theoretical mathematical models were derived in 1943 by Warren Mc Culloch and Walter Pitts. A few years later, a more contemporary contribution to the development of neural networks was given by Norbert Wiener and John von Neumann because they thought that research into biomedicine based on human brain function would be very interesting. In addition, in 1948 Norbert Wiener was the first to publish a work explaining the term cybernetics. At that time, the first experiments were made and new theories in the field of artificial intelligence were put forward by Marvin Misnki. The first training of neurons and the basis of all methods for training neurons was described by the Canadian Donald O Hebb. After the first successful neurocomputer in 1957, on which Rosenblatt worked, scientists have perfected various models of neural networks to this day. So far, mostly retrospective studies have been done in clinical nephrology, transplantation and dialysis with the help of algorithms used in neural networks.
Particularly complex nephrologic patient relationships as well as assistance with timely implementation of new good clinical practice guidelines, patient prediction in at least the next month, and patient selection for palliative care are just some segments in nephrology that require the introduction of such tools into daily clinical practice with the aim of sensitive patient populations have better treatment outcomes, with physicians having more comprehensive insight and control over the mass of data.

Conclusion
Today‘s application of artificial intelligence in nephrology is based on retrospective research. The dizzying rise in technological development so far will allow the use of cybernetics and available tools based on neural network algorithms to enable and improve the nephrologists’ dedication and effectiveness.
P1853FIVE YEARS PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL, INTERNATIONAL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF DECISION-MAKING TOOLS FOR CHOICE OF RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY MODALITY
Authors: Marrón Belén , Pearce Suzanne , Ostrowski Janusz , Munteanu Dan , Torok Marietta , Roesch Michael , Martín Claudia , Kochman Pawel , Orosz Attila , García Marrón Jaime , Macário Fernando 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Decision-Making Tools (DMTs) are still not widely used but are considered the Gold Standard to ensure patients are well informed to choose renal replacement therapy (RRT) modality.
To analyze the impact of a structured modality information program (via DMTs) on RRT modality choice and start.

Method
All 2014-2017 predialysis patients (pts) with CKD G4-G5 and those starting unplanned dialysis without a prior information process underwent a DMTs process for RRT choice and were followed up to Dec.31st, 2018. DMTs included values evaluation, RRT information with different tools, staff deliberation support and patient modality choice. Results shown as percentage of pts who reached a certain stage over the total number of pts under evaluation.

Results
2012 pts (mean age 61 y.) from 48 clinics (cl.) in Poland (PL, 19 cl., 980 pts), Romania (RO, 12 cl., 351 pts), Hungary (HU, 10 cl., 341 pts), Germany (DE, 6 cl., 292 pts) and Argentina (AR, 1 cl., 48 pts) underwent DMTs. Staff considered PD contraindicated in 29% of pts, hence optimal candidates for HD/PD were 1408 pts. (mean age 60y. and 46% prone for a home therapy). Early referral (≥3 m. in clinic before DMT started): 51%. Aids used included written information (97% of pts), DVD in 27% and HD/PD utility visits in 49%. Relatives’ participation in the process was 82%. Most pts (91%) considered the program useful whilst 64% of staff felt that this program was better than the prior one. PD choice (35%) varied among countries: 15% (RO), 30% (PL), 36% (HU), 62% (DE) and 98% (AR). For pts who had started dialysis by study closure (n=948), PD as chronic RRT was 31% (9% after an unplanned HD start); 13% (RO), 27% (PL), 34% (HU), 54% (GE) and 83% (AR).

Conclusion
Use of DMTs at the time of RRT modality choice complies with patient empowerment and decision sharing (patients-relatives-staff). PD choice and take-on varied among countries. Most patients who chose PD were chronically ascribed to PD representing at least one third of the suitable patients for both dialysis modalities.
P1855ONLINE PATIENT/CAREGIVER EDUCATION ON HYPERKALEMIA CAN IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE AND COMPETENCE AS WELL AS PROMPT REAL LIFE CHANGES
Authors: Larkin Amy , Blatherwick Don 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Managing hyperkalemia with a strict diet is limiting and difficult for patients. We sought to measure the impact of online education for patients/caregivers on knowledge and confidence as well as prompting change in daily life.

Method
The patient/caregiver education was designed as 2 online, interactive activities. Both were comprised of text and integrated visuals; the second also included a patient commentary video. Demographic questions were asked prior to starting the education. A knowledge question was asked both before and after the activity to assess learning gains, as well as intent to change and confidence questions at the end. Absolute improvements were calculated for pre/post questions. The activities launched in April and May of 2019, and data collected through October 2019.

Results
To date, 98,462 learners have participated in the patient/caregiver activity.
Activity 1: High Potassium: Causes and reasons to Treat
Participants: 60,060
Completers of all questions (included in outcomes analysis): 7,262
Demographics: 59% female; 49% white, non-Hispanic; 66% over the age of 54; 16% have hyperkalemia, 75% were interested in learning more about the condition
Knowledge changes: 13% improvement in understanding what causes hyperkalemia (46% pre to 59% post)
Intent-to-act: 66% plan to talk to an HCP about next steps for treating hyperkalemia
Confidence changes: 82% reported increased confidence understanding why it’s important to treat hyperkalemia
Activity 2: It’s Complicated: How to Manage High Potassium and Heart Failure
Participants: 38,402
Completers of all questions (included in outcomes analysis): 3,816
Demographics: 60% female; 63% white, non-Hispanic; 69% over the age of 54; 58% were interested in learning more about the condition and 25% have this condition
Knowledge changes: 13% improvement in recognizing how potassium levels effect the heart (76% pre to 89% post)
Intent-to-act: 64% plan to talk to their healthcare provider about a plan to manage my hyperkalemia
Confidence changes: 82% reported increased confidence understanding how important is it to manage my heart failure and hyperkalemia

Conclusion
The metrics and outcomes gathered in this assessment are a strong indicator that these patient/caregiver-focused online educational activities improved knowledge and confidence, and prompted intent to act by patients/caregivers related to hyperkalemia.