bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flood hazard analysis in small catchments: Comparison of hydrological and hydrodynamic approaches by the use of direct rainfall
Authors: David Amrei , Schmalz Britta 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe classical ‘decoupled’ approach for fluvial flooding makes use of hydrographs as input boundary conditions. The catchment hydrology is determined by empirical semi‐distributed rainfall–runoff models, the flood processes by the use of hydrodynamic models. However, for urban floods, the distributed rainfall is set directly as input (‘direct rainfall modelling’ – DRM) to the elements of the 2D model. This ‘integrated approach’ aims to include hydrological and hydraulic processes in one single model. In this study, both modelling approaches are applied and evaluated for their suitability to determine flood hazards in small, rural catchments. The resulting flood maps and flow hydrographs are compared for selected rainfall–runoff events in a catchment located in Central Germany. In the first approach, the hydrological model (HEC‐HMS) from the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) is used to generate the inflow boundary hydrographs for the 2D model (HEC‐RAS), which is then used to simulate the flow variables for the river network and its floodplains. For the second approach, the DRM is applied over the whole catchment by the use of HEC‐RAS. Special focus is given for the integrated approach to the difficulties occurring during the model optimisation and calibration. The comparison of the results and modelling processes of both approaches give insights into the advantages, disadvantages and difficulties or limitations of each presented approach.
Early chronotype with advanced activity rhythms and dim light melatonin onset in a rural population
Authors: Ruiz Francieli S. , Beijamini Felipe , Beale Andrew D. , Gonçalves Bruno da Silva B. , Vartanian Daniel , Taporoski Tâmara P. , Middleton Benita , Krieger José E. , Vallada Homero , Arendt Josephine , Pereira Alexandre C. , Knutson Kristen L. , Pedrazzoli Mario , von Schantz Malcolm 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStudying communities at different stages of urbanisation and industrialisation can teach us how timing and intensity of light affect the circadian clock under real‐life conditions. We have previously described a strong tendency towards morningness in the Baependi Heart Study, located in a small rural town in Brazil. Here, we tested the hypothesis that this morningness tendency is associated with early circadian phase based on objective measurements (as determined by dim light melatonin onset, DLMO, and activity) and light exposure. We also analysed how well the previously collected chronotype questionnaire data were able to predict these DLMO values. The average DLMO observed in 73 participants (40 female) was 20:03 ± 01:21, SD, with an earlier average onset in men (19:38 ± 01:16) than in women (20:24 ± 01:21; P ≤ .01). However, men presented larger phase angle between DLMO and sleep onset time as measured by actigraphy (4.11 hours vs 3.16 hours; P ≤ .01). Correlational analysis indicated associations between light exposure, activity rhythms and DLMO, such that early DLMO was observed in participants with higher exposure to light, higher activity and earlier light exposure. The strongest significant predictor of DLMO was morningness‐eveningness questionnaire (MEQ) (beta=−0.35, P ≤ .05), followed by age (beta = −0.47, P ≤ .01). Sex, light exposure and variables derived from the Munich chronotype questionnaire were not significant predictors. Our observations demonstrate that both early sleep patterns and earlier circadian phase have been retained in this small rural town in spite of availability of electrification, in contrast to metropolitan postindustrial areas.
A sibling's narrative of recovery from addiction trauma and loss in the family
Authors:   Wounded Healer,   Mythology Reader
Published: June 2020

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

Addiction has a devastating impact in the lives of millions of people worldwide. Siblings constitute a hidden population.

Siblings' attitudes to addiction in the family vary widely from overinvolvement to disengagement among different individuals and across time‐line points during the long history of addiction. Female siblings report more negative feelings and attitudes towards drugs and alcohol.

Previous research has described the process of a sibling's substance abuse through the eyes of a co‐sibling but did not focus on how co‐siblings are affected personally.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

Addiction can have a damaging traumatic impact on female siblings which is enhanced by social and self‐stigmatizing processes related to the “code of silence.” The anxiety provoking secret may devour the ability to communicate and connect with other members of their family and community if selective revelation proves to be unsuccessful.

Ambiguous loss can occur when one's sibling abuses substances, as the sibling may be physically present yet be psychologically absent in terms of the co‐sibling (and the family). Ambiguous loss is connected to the lack of understanding of the real impact of addiction on a sibling's personal development.

Addiction constitutes a family trauma which may severely shake the siblings' beliefs and values and undermine their self‐esteem, security and trust in life and the future. Lack of focus on a sibling's feelings during addiction may severely impact on his/her psychological health and identity development.

Implications for practice

Understanding the experience of siblings may help health and social care professionals to develop compassion, patience and empathy towards family members of persons with addictions. Mental health nurses need to be aware of the devastating impact of addiction on all family members in order to validate their experiences and support them in recovering from trauma and loss in the family.

Due to the current context of addiction services i.e. individualized approaches and limited resources, organizations should consider the need to provide effective clinical supervision to young mental health professionals at an individual, group or multidisciplinary level.
Pathways to enhanced lake integrity: A Framework to assess the effectiveness of local lake associations
Authors: Fitchett Leah L. , Sorice Michael G. , Cobourn Kelly M. , Boyle Kevin J. , Klug Jennifer L. , Weathers Kathleen C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe promise of collaborative governance is to implement policies that address uncertain and multi‐scale environmental problems while also allowing local social systems to successfully adapt. The success of such efforts is contingent on the capacity of community‐based institutions such as lake associations to effect change. These organizations encapsulate the values communities hold for lakes and their catchments and can play a central role in managing the integrity of lakes’ freshwater resources. To this end, we develop a framework to delineate the pathways lake associations can take to contribute to the management of lakes and their catchments. We suggest the cornerstones of effective engagement in collaborative governance are the goals the organization sets for itself (mission), the capital that can be mobilized by the organization (capacity) and the activities the organization undertakes (actions). We propose measurable indicators for each component and suggest how the framework can be used to assess contributions of lake associations to multi‐scale governance. Finally, we suggest how this framework can be integrated with ecological monitoring frameworks as part of a long term social‐ecological research and monitoring program.
Patristic and Early Christian Biblical Exegesis: A New Tool for Historians, Theologians, and Philosophers
Authors: Pomeroy Samuel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Oxford Handbook of Early Christian Biblical Interpretation (2019) should be viewed as a definitive new tool for understanding the contextual concerns, literary genres, and shifting ideological principles that generated Early Christian biblical exegesis. This review essay explains why the new Handbook is distinct among tools of its kind, and highlights some of its major benefits for encountering and engaging the ancient resources of Christian theologies on their own terms. This collection of essays may be fruitfully used to nuance and expand contemporary trends in hermeneutical and analytic theology (This research is made possible by Research Foundation – Flanders [F.W.O.]).
Promoting dietary awareness: Home‐dwelling older adults’ perspectives on using a nutrition application
Authors: Aure Caroline Farsjø , Kluge Anders , Moen Anne 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study investigated older adults’ experiences of using the Appetitus app with support from healthcare professionals.BackgroundGood nutrition status is important for good health when ageing. However, as undernutrition remains a prevalent and persistent problem among older adults, the study explored whether technology affords innovative support for nutritional self‐care among older adults.DesignThe study was explorative and qualitative in approach.MethodsAppetitus was developed as a tablet‐based application to prevent and alleviate undernutrition among older adults. Eighteen home‐dwelling older adults used the app for 8 weeks. Older adults received home care, and local healthcare professionals introduced the app and gave support during the study.ResultsAppetitus served as a source of inspiration and a reminder of available, relevant food options. Appetitus encouraged some participants to eat or drink more by the end of the day while others became more aware of selecting food options to ensure sufficient protein, energy and fluids. However, some participants made no active effort to change their diet despite feedback from the app that suggested they did not eat or drink enough. Technical support from healthcare professionals facilitated participants’ use of the app and tablet. Some participants also received more specific nutritional follow‐up that helped to make their experience of using the app more meaningful.ConclusionOlder adults’ awareness about the importance of keeping a diet that helps prevent undernutrition was reinforced through the use of Appetitus and discussing nutrition with healthcare professionals.Implication for practiceThe findings affirm feasibility of using technology in nutritional interventions enhancing self‐care among older adults.
Expanding the phenotypes of congenital hemangiomas
Authors: Boix‐Vilanova Julian , Baselga Eulalia , Vera Angel , Gonzalez‐Hermosa Maria del Rosario , Azaña Jose Manuel , Martin‐Santiago Ana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCongenital hemangiomas (CH) are benign vascular tumors that are present at birth and do not stain for the marker Glut‐1. Herein, we describe five cases of CH with atypical presentations: 3 with late growth, 1 with slow involution, and 1 that partially involuted rapidly then manifested late growth.
Low genetic diversity and strong geographic structure in introduced populations of the Eucalyptus foliar pathogen Teratosphaeria destructans
Authors: Havenga Minette , Wingfield Brenda D. , Wingfield Michael J. , Dreyer Léanne L. , Roets Francois , Chen ShuaiFei , Aylward Janneke 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aggressive Eucalyptus leaf pathogen, Teratosphaeria destructans, causes widespread damage in tropical and subtropical Eucalyptus‐growing regions of Indonesia, China, Thailand, East Timor, Vietnam, Lao, and South Africa. Little is known regarding the origin, pathways of dispersal, or reproductive biology of this pathogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic structure of a global collection of T. destructans isolates. This was achieved by developing and using polymorphic microsatellite markers. Low genotypic diversity and a limited number of private alleles were found in all investigated populations, with the highest maximum diversity of 10.7% in isolates from South Sumatra. This supports the hypothesis that T. destructans was introduced to these regions. High levels of clonality were common in all populations, especially in isolates sampled from the recent disease outbreak in South Africa, which were all identical. The global collection of isolates grouped into three distinct clusters, corresponding largely to their sampled regions. Low levels of genotypic diversity, high levels of clonality, and strong geographic structure suggest independent introductions into all the sampled areas from an unknown source. The results imply that strict biosecurity measures are needed to avoid introductions of additional genotypes in these areas.
State anxiety reduces working memory capacity but does not impact filtering cost for neutral distracters
Authors: Ward Richard T. , Lotfi Salahadin , Sallmann Hannah , Lee Han‐Joo , Larson Christine L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCurrent theories propose that anxiety adversely impacts working memory (WM) by restricting WM capacity and interfering with efficient filtering of task‐irrelevant information. The current study investigated the effect of shock‐induced state anxiety on WM capacity and the ability to filter task‐irrelevant neutral stimuli. We measured the contralateral delay activity (CDA), an event‐related potential that indexes the number of items maintained in WM, while participants completed a lateralized change detection task. The task included low and high WM loads, as well as a low load plus distracter condition. This design was used to assess WM capacity for low and high loads and investigate an individual's ability to filter neutral task‐irrelevant stimuli. Participants completed the task under two conditions, threat of shock and safe. We observed a reduced CDA in the threat compared to the safe condition that was specific for high memory load. However, we did not find any differences in CDA filtering cost between threat and safe conditions. In addition, we did not find any differences in behavioral performance between the threat and safe conditions. These findings suggest that being in an anxious state reduces the neural representation for large amounts of information in WM, but have little effect on the filtering of neutral distracters.
Sovereign Spaces: Mise‐en‐page and the Politics of English Royal Correspondence in the Sixteenth Century*
Authors: Sowerby Tracey A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe layout of inter‐princely correspondence is an important, but overlooked, aspect of how early modern princes communicated and contested their relative status. While recent scholarship on material letters has illuminated social relations within European polities, the ways in which the mise‐en‐page of royal letters can be used to explore the relationships between rulers has been neglected. Focusing primarily on letters written to or by English monarchs of the sixteenth century, this article analyses the space on the page in order to demonstrate the way in which epistolary etiquette expressed hierarchies and could be used to claim status.
Depression and cognitive sequelae registered within the first year among young Danish TBI survivors
Authors: Ryttersgaard Trine Okkerstrøm , Riis Jens Østergaard , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Mogensen Poul Henning , Bjarkam Carsten Reidies 
Published: June 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the proportion of depression and cognitive sequelae among young (15‐30 years) Danish TBI survivors referred to interdisciplinary evaluation through a nationwide government‐initiated health initiative. The cross‐sectional study is based on data from the “Danish register for young adults with acquired brain injury” on TBI survivors included from October 2013 to December 2016. The main measures were Major depression inventory, Trail making test A and B, Fluency, Word learning with selective reminding, Matrix reasoning, Coding and Glasgow outcome scale ‐ extended (GOS‐E). During the study period, 131 young TBI survivors were referred to one of five national outpatient clinics. Ninety‐six had complete data and of these 14.6% fulfilled the ICD‐10 diagnostic criteria for depression and 34.4% had cognitive sequelae. An association was found between depression and cognitive sequelae (p = 0.004). Patients with both depression and cognitive sequelae (n = 10) had a significantly lower mean score on GOS‐E (p = 0.0001). Depression and cognitive sequelae were frequent and associated with a poorer global functional outcome among young TBI survivors referred within a year after trauma. This finding and the notion that only 20% of the expected TBI population was referred to this nationwide health initiative indicate an unacknowledged need for interdisciplinary follow‐up.
Muscle contractile properties of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: Assessment of feasibility and exercise effects
Authors: Buffart Laurien M. , Sweegers Maike G. , de Ruijter Cornelis J. , Konings Inge R. , Verheul Henk M.W. , van Zweeden Annette A. , Grootscholten Cecile , Chinapaw Mai J. , Altenburg Teatske M. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThis pilot trial explores the feasibility of measuring muscle contractile properties in patients with cancer, effects of exercise during chemotherapy on muscle contractile properties and the association between changes in contractile muscle properties and perceived fatigue.MethodPatients who received (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy for breast or colon cancer were randomized to a 9‐12 week exercise intervention or a waitlist‐control group. At baseline and follow‐up, we measured knee extensor strength using maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), contractile muscle properties of the quadriceps muscle using electrical stimulation, and perceived fatigue using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory. Feasibility was assessed by the proportion of patients who successfully completed measurements of contractile muscle properties. Exercise effects on muscle contractile properties were explored using linear regression analyses. Between‐group differences >10% were considered potentially relevant. Pearson correlation (rp) of changes in contractile muscle properties and changes in perceived fatigue was calculated.ResultsTwenty two of 30 patients completed baseline and follow‐up assessments. Measurements of contractile properties were feasible except for muscle fatigability. We found a potentially relevant between‐group difference in the rate of force development favoring the intervention group (1192 N/s, 95% CI = −335; 2739). Change in rate of force development was negatively correlated with change in perceived general (rp = −0.54, P = .04) and physical (rp = −0.59, P = .02) fatigue.ConclusionChemotherapy induces a decrease in the rate of force development, which may reflect a larger loss in type II muscle fibers. This may be attenuated with (resistance) exercise. The increase in the rate of force development was related to a decrease in perceived fatigue.
Treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in a 60‐year‐old kidney transplant recipient. The use of phage therapy
Authors: Rostkowska Olga Maria , Międzybrodzki Ryszard , Miszewska‐Szyszkowska Dorota , Górski Andrzej , Durlik Magdalena 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe would like to demonstrate the difficulty of treatment in a patient after kidney transplantation (KTX) who developed chronic urinary tract infection (UTI) with a multi‐drug resistant ESBL‐producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. The patient underwent several treatment interventions including supportive therapy with bacteriophages. This article presents a case of a 60‐year‐old patient after KTX repeatedly admitted to the hospital with recurrent UTIs caused by ESBL‐producing Klebsiella pneumoniae showing variable susceptibility to carbapenems and full susceptibility to colistin only. KTX was performed due to renal insufficiency caused by polycystic kidney disease. The patient experienced 12 severe episodes of UTI due to K pneumoniae within 15 months since transplantation. In an attempt to curb the ongoing infections, phage therapy (PT) was applied on the experimental basis, coordinated by the Phage Therapy Unit of the Hirszfeld Institute in Wroclaw, Poland. Eventually, the patient fully recovered following nephrectomy of his own left kidney where cysts were the suspected reservoir of bacteria. The patient completed 29 days of PT. PT caused no reported side effects in the described case of the KTX recipient, although its role in controlling chronic UTI caused by K pneumoniae is unclear. More studies are needed in the population of kidney transplant recipients.
Cataloguing the response by emergency veterinary hospitals during the COVID‐19 pandemic via weekly surveys
Authors: Wayne Annie S , Rozanski Elizabeth A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has presented veterinary emergency hospitals with unique challenges. Rapid online surveys represent an efficient way of collating responses to rapidly shifting circumstances.MethodsFifty, 24‐h small animal emergency veterinary hospital representatives were recruited to participate in weekly surveys in April 2020 to catalog changes due to COVID‐19 pandemic.Key findingsThe majority of emergency veterinary hospitals surveyed reported significant changes to day‐to‐day operations as a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic.SignificanceReporting of weekly survey results provides useful information on how emergency veterinary hospitals with similar challenges are responding to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Parametric Analysis and Optimization of Leaning Angle in Torque Converters
Authors: Liu Cheng , Guo Meng , Yan Qingdong , Wei Wei , Wood Houston G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Torque converters are durable fluid couplings that can provide output torque multiplication. Blade leaning angle represents the angular position of a blade chord with respect to its radial reference line, and it is an important blade variable regarding both hydrodynamic performance and manufacturability of a torque converter. In traditional design processes, blade leaning angles are often determined based on experiences of engineers; hence, this study proposed a design approach using the combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and optimization. Two CFD models were developed to design blade leaning angles. A steady-state periodic CFD model was employed for the parameter study and the optimization, and a transient full three-dimensional (3D) model was performed to study the flow mechanism and evaluate the performance with higher accuracy. Design of experiment (DOE) technique was employed to investigate the relationship between blade leaning angles and hydrodynamic performance, and a reduced cubic model was derived from the results. It was found that blade leaning angles had profound effects on torque converter performance; a large blade leaning angle intensified the flow blockage effect, thus resulting in a lower mass flowrate and torque capacity. Seven torque converters with different blade leaning angles were tested to validate the obtained numerical results, and the test data were found to be in good agreement with the CFD predictions. Finally, the hydrodynamic performance of the base model torque converter was optimized by a multi-objective genetic algorithm.