bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It Started with the Arts and Now It Concerns All Sectors: The Case of Smart, a Cooperative of ‘Salaried Autonomous Workers’
Authors: Murgia Annalisa , de Heusch Sarah 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis chapter aims to analyse how new forms of collective organisation can be developed to counteract the ongoing process of precarisation and individualisation of labour. In particular, attention is paid to the Smart cooperative, an interesting laboratory exploring new forms of solidarity within a general trend characterised by the lack of trade unionisation and labour organisation. Smart is a cooperative of ‘salaried autonomous workers’ created in Belgium in the late 1990s to support freelance artists in a way that allows them to work autonomously while also accessing a salaried status, which provides the best social protection. Over the years, Smart realised that it was offering opportunities to support the careers not only of creative workers but more generally of freelancers, who work in a wide range of economic sectors and experience very different working and income conditions. In this chapter, we investigate, through the example of Smart, how a cooperative model can develop new forms of collective organisation and autonomy among artists and creative workers, and how this model can also address the lack of bridging solidarity and enact a compositional project able to support a broader range of workers in different employment sectors.
Understanding the Development of Technical Universities in Poland
Authors: Antonowicz Dominik 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe chapter examines the past, discusses the present and speculates about the future outlook of technical universities, which perform an important though often undervalued role in Polish higher education. The study offers an interesting analysis of – undoubtedly under-researched type of higher education institutions – that have a strong organisational identity, which has been seriously challenged by turmoil arising from political and economic transformations. By doing so, it explores the historical foundation of Polish technical universities while seeking in the past answers to questions about their organisational attributes and behavior as strategic actors. The analysis shows that over the years, technical universities have proved their stability and acknowledged their loyalty to traditional modes of professional education, which remains a pivotal part of their organisational identity. However, despite historically entrenched distinctness, the demarcation line between technical universities and other higher education institutions becomes disputable. It is partly due to HE expansion, partly due to marketization of higher education and perhaps most profoundly as an unintended outcome of uniform policy measures deployed by the government. This chapter claims that paradoxically, while the traditional institutional identity of technical universities remains distinctively strong, the profile of HEIs is getting fuzzy as well as the organisational characteristics of different types of HEIs.
Abflussverzögerung – wie Abfluss gebremst werden kann
Authors: Seibert Simon P. , Auerswald Karl 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungAnsatzpunkte zur Reduktion der Fließgeschwindigkeit sind vielseitig und erstrecken sich über den kompletten Fließpfad, wodurch zahlreiche Akteure einen Beitrag leisten können. Flächige, flurstücksinterne Maßnahmen erhöhen die Oberflächenrauheit, längs durchflossene begrünte Abflussmulden, Kleinstrückhaltebecken in der landwirtschaftlichen Flur, Flurgliederung und Flächenarrangement, Gestaltung von Gräben und Rohren, Wege- und Wasserführung beeinflussen die Fließgeschwindigkeit jenseits der Flurstücke in unterschiedlichem, quantifizierbarem Maß. Je nach Schutzbedarf ist das Zusammenwirken mehrerer Maßnahmen notwendig, um den Abflussscheitel ausreichend zu mindern.
Anwendungsbeispiel zur quantitativen Abschätzung von Abflusssituation und Abflussminderung
Authors: Seibert Simon P. , Auerswald Karl 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungZu Illustration der vorgestellten Methoden wird die Verringerung von Oberflächenabfluss und Abflussscheitel für ein Planungsgebiet vorgestellt, das in der Vergangenheit häufiger von kleinen Überschwemmungen betroffen war. Dazu werden zunächst Abflussentstehung und Konzentrationszeit bestimmt und daraus die Scheitelabflussrate bei Starkregen berechnet. Anschließend werden die Einflüsse der Grabengestaltung auf Wellenablauf und Scheitelabflussrate und die Wirkungen einer flächendeckenden Mulchdirektsaat (Bodenbedeckung ≥ 30 %) berechnet. Durch die Kombination der Maßnahmen wäre eine Reduktion des Abflussscheitels um bis zu 80 % möglich.
5d SCFTs from decoupling and gluing
Authors: Apruzzi Fabio , Schäfer-Nameki Sakura , Wang Yi-Nan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We systematically analyse 5d superconformal field theories (SCFTs) obtained by dimensional reduction from 6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) SCFTs. Such theories have a realization as M-theory on a singular Calabi-Yau threefold, from which we determine the so-called combined fiber diagrams (CFD) introduced in [1–3]. The CFDs are graphs that encode the superconformal flavor symmetry, BPS states, low energy descriptions, as well as descendants upon flavor matter decoupling. To obtain a 5d SCFT from 6d, there are two approaches: the first is to consider a circle-reduction combined with mass deformations. The second is to circle-reduce and decouple an entire gauge sector from the theory. The former is applicable e.g. for very Higgsable theories, whereas the latter is required to obtain a 5d SCFT from a non-very Higgsable 6d theory. In the M-theory realization the latter case corresponds to decompactification of a set of compact surfaces in the Calabi-Yau threefold. To exemplify this we consider the 5d SCFTs that descend from non-Higgsable clusters and non-minimal conformal matter theories. Finally, inspired by the quiver structure of 6d theories, we propose a gluing construction for 5d SCFTs from building blocks and their CFDs.
Vacuum stability in inert higgs doublet model with right-handed neutrinos
Authors: Jangid Shilpa , Bandyopadhyay Priyotosh , Dev P.S. Bhupal , Kumar Arjun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We analyze the vacuum stability in the inert Higgs doublet extension of the Standard Model (SM), augmented by right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) to explain neutrino masses at tree level by the seesaw mechanism. We make a comparative study of the high- and low-scale seesaw scenarios and the effect of the Dirac neutrino Yukawa couplings on the stability of the Higgs potential. Bounds on the scalar quartic couplings and Dirac Yukawa couplings are obtained from vacuum stability and perturbativity considerations. These bounds are found to be relevant only for low-scale seesaw scenarios with relatively large Yukawa couplings. The regions corresponding to stability, metastability and instability of the electroweak vacuum are identified. These theoretical constraints give a very predictive parameter space for the couplings and masses of the new scalars and RHNs which can be tested at the LHC and future colliders. The lightest non-SM neutral CP-even/odd scalar can be a good dark matter candidate and the corresponding collider signatures are also predicted for the model.
Positive solutions for anisotropic singular $$\varvec{(p,q)}$$-equations
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Scapellato Andrea 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe consider a nonlinear elliptic Dirichlet problem driven by the anisotropic (p, q)-Laplacian and with a reaction which is nonparametric and has the combined effects of a singular and of a superlinear terms. Using variational tools together with truncation and comparison techniques, we show that the problem has at least two positive smooth solutions.
Impact on mental health care and on mental health service users of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods survey of UK mental health care staff
Authors: Johnson Sonia , Dalton-Locke Christian , Vera San Juan Norha , Foye Una , Oram Sian , Papamichail Alexandra , Landau Sabine , Rowan Olive Rachel , Jeynes Tamar , Shah Prisha , Sheridan Rains Luke , Lloyd-Evans Brynmor , Carr Sarah , Killaspy Helen , Gillard Steve , Simpson Alan ,   The COVID-19 Mental Health Policy Research Unit Group, Bell Andy , Bentivegna Francesca , Botham Joseph , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Goldsmith Lucy , Grünwald Lisa , Harju-Seppänen Jasmine , Hatch Stephani , Henderson Claire , Howard Louise , Lane Rebecca , Ledden Sarah , Leverton Monica , Lomani Jo , Lyons Natasha , McCrone Paul , Ntephe Chukwuma U. , Ocloo Josephine Enyonam , Osborn David , Pilling Steve , Poursanidou Konstantina , Scott Hannah Rachel , Steare Thomas , Stuart Ruth , Tomlin André , Turner Kati , Tzouvara Vasiliki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has potential to disrupt and burden the mental health care system, and to magnify inequalities experienced by mental health service users.

Methods
We investigated staff reports regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in its early weeks on mental health care and mental health service users in the UK using a mixed methods online survey. Recruitment channels included professional associations and networks, charities, and social media. Quantitative findings were reported with descriptive statistics, and content analysis conducted for qualitative data.

Results
2,180 staff from a range of sectors, professions, and specialties participated. Immediate infection control concerns were highly salient for inpatient staff, new ways of working for community staff. Multiple rapid adaptations and innovations in response to the crisis were described, especially remote working. This was cautiously welcomed but found successful in only some clinical situations. Staff had specific concerns about many groups of service users, including people whose conditions are exacerbated by pandemic anxieties and social disruptions; people experiencing loneliness, domestic abuse and family conflict; those unable to understand and follow social distancing requirements; and those who cannot engage with remote care.

Conclusion
This overview of staff concerns and experiences in the early COVID-19 pandemic suggests directions for further research and service development: we suggest that how to combine infection control and a therapeutic environment in hospital, and how to achieve effective and targeted tele-health implementation in the community, should be priorities. The limitations of our convenience sample must be noted.
Sharing the neighbourhood: assessing the impact of kelp harvest on foraging behaviour of the European shag
Authors: Christensen-Dalsgaard Signe , Mattisson Jenny , Norderhaug Kjell Magnus , Lorentsen Svein-Håkon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCoastal kelp forest ecosystems create dynamic and productive habitats, supporting a wide range of epiphytic flora, invertebrates, fish and seabirds. Worldwide, kelp is harvested commercially, affecting kelp-associated animal communities. There is, however, limited knowledge of how fish and seabird respond to kelp harvest, highlighting the need to evaluate the ecological impact of harvest on all ecosystem levels. Using 6 years of GPS-tracking data, we examined the effects of kelp harvest on foraging behaviour of breeding European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) from a colony in central Norway. We determined the spatial overlap between kelp harvest and foraging areas of shags and assessed the immediate, short- and long-term impacts of harvest on shag foraging behaviour. Our results demonstrated large spatial and temporal overlap in areas used by foraging shags and kelp harvest. We could not detect any clear alterations in the diving activity of shags due to kelp harvest. However, the broad temporal and spatial scale of our study constrained the detection of fine scale changes in shag behaviour in response to kelp harvest. Our study, nonetheless, identifies several issues that should be addressed before concluding on the effects of kelp harvest on seabird populations. This includes the need for experimental studies using directed and controlled harvest to investigate the effects of kelp harvest through the different trophic levels, including top predators. This is essential for ecosystem-based management of coastal resources, considering the many species composed in the coastal ecosystem.
Ecological performance differs between range centre and trailing edge populations of a cold-water kelp: implications for estimating net primary productivity
Authors: King Nathan G. , Moore Pippa J. , Pessarrodona Albert , Burrows Michael T. , Porter Joanne , Bue Mathilde , Smale Dan A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractKelp forests are extensive, widely distributed and highly productive. However, despite their importance, reliable estimates of net primary productivity (NPP) are currently unknown for most species and regions. In particular, how performance and subsequent NPP change throughout a species range is lacking. Here, we attempted to resolve this by examining growth and performance of the boreal kelp,Laminariadigitata, from range centre and trailing edge regions in the United Kingdom. During the peak growth season (March/April), range-centre individuals were up to three times heavier and accumulated biomass twice as fast as their trailing-edge counterparts. This was not apparent during the reduced growth season (August/September), when populations within both regions had similar biomass profiles. In total, annual NPP estimates were considerably lower for trailing-edge (181 ± 34 g C m−2year−1) compared to range-centre (344 ± 33 g C m−2year−1) populations. Our first-order UK estimates of total standing stock and NPP forL. digitatasuggest this species makes a significant contribution to coastal carbon cycling. Further work determining the ultimate fate of this organic matter is needed to understand the overall contribution of kelp populations to regional and global carbon cycles. Nevertheless, we highlight the need for large-scale sampling across multiple populations and latitudes to accurately evaluate kelp species’ contributions to coastal carbon cycling.
Dual-Plane Retro-pectoral Versus Pre-pectoral DTI Breast Reconstruction: An Italian Multicenter Experience
Authors: Ribuffo Diego , Berna Giorgio , De Vita Roy , Di Benedetto Giovanni , Cigna Emanuele , Greco Manfredi , Valdatta Luigi , Onesti Maria Giuseppina , Lo Torto Federico , Marcasciano Marco , Redi Ugo , Quercia Vittorio , Kaciulyte Juste , Cherubino Mario , Losco Luigi , Mori Francesco Luca Rocco , Scalise Alessandro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The use of conservative mastectomies has risen significantly during the last few years. The reconstructive choice of direct-to-implant reconstruction has become more practicable with modern mastectomy techniques. The initial trend in Italian centers was to use dual-plane hybrid reconstruction. However, a high level of complications has been registered. From 2015 onward, in our centers, a pre-pectoral approach has been adopted. The authors sought to describe the Italian trend to gradually discard the sub-pectoral technique with lower lateral pole coverage of the prosthesis using ADMs comparing it with the pre-pectoral approach with ADMs, without any muscle dissection, in terms of complication rates.

Materials and Methods
A multicenter retrospective clinical study was performed from January 2010 to June 2018. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups: Cases with an ADM-only coverage pre-pectoral reconstruction made up the first group (Group 1). Those with the retro-pectoral muscular position + ADM implant coverage comprised the second one (Group 2). Complications such as seroma, hematoma, wound dehiscence, surgical site infection, reconstruction failure, animation deformity and capsular contracture were recorded.

Results
We performed 716 direct-to-implant reconstructions: 509 were partially sub-pectoral and 207 were pre-pectoral. Minimum follow-up was 1 year. Incidence of complications was higher in dual-plane reconstructions. There were statistical significant differences in the rates of seroma and hematoma.

Conclusion
Using the pre-pectoral approach, the authors have experienced favorable aesthetics and superior clinical and functional outcomes. Retro-pectoral muscular ADM implant coverage has to be considered only in specific complicated second-stage surgeries.

Level of Evidence V
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic Versus Laparoscopic Transperitoneal Adrenalectomy: A Systematic Review by an Updated Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Gavriilidis Paschalis , Camenzuli Christian , Paspala Anna , Di Marco Aimee N. , Palazzo Fausto F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTwo main minimal access adrenalectomy techniques are available: laparoscopic transperitoneal (LTA) and posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA). This study aims to compare these approaches in an updated meta‐analysis of randomised controlled (RCT) and non‐randomised comparative (NRT) trials.MethodsA systematic search of comparative LTA and PRA studies was performed. Standard demographic and surgical data were recorded. Outcome measures compared included: operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), conversion to open, post‐operative pain, time to oral intake and ambulation, early morbidity, hospital length of stay (HLOS) and mortality. Quality of RCTs and NRTs was assessed using Cochrane and ROBINS‐I, respectively, and heterogeneity using the I2 test. Dichotomous and continuous variables were compared using odds ratios and mean/standard difference. Studies were then combined using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Meta‐analysis was performed by fixed‐ and random‐effect models.ResultsFollowing exclusions, 12 studies were included in the analysis: 3 RCTs and 9 NRTs. These reported a total of 775 patients: 341 (44%) PRA and 434 (56%) LTA. Demographics were similar except for tumour size which was smaller (by 0.78 cm) in PRA (p = 0.003). Significant differences in outcome were seen in EBL (18 mls less in PRA, p = 0.006), time to oral intake (3.4 h sooner in PRA p = 0.009) and HLOS (shorter in PRA by 0.84 day, p = 0.001).ConclusionsThis analysis demonstrates that while PRA tends to be performed for smaller tumours it allows for less EBL, earlier post‐operative oral intake and shorter hospital stays. In appropriately selected patients, it represents an invaluable tool in the endocrine surgeon's armamentarium.
An extension of LDEO5 model for ENSO ensemble predictions
Authors: Gao Yanqiu , Liu Ting , Song Xunshu , Shen Zheqi , Tang Youmin , Chen Dake 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study provided an extension to the latest version of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observation (LDEO5) prediction system. First, an ensemble coupled data assimilation (CDA) system, based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter, was established. Both the Kaplan sea surface temperature (SST) data from January 1856 to December 2018 and the ECMWF twentieth century reanalysis (ERA-20C) wind data from January 1900 to February 2010 were assimilated for prediction initialization. Second, an ensemble prediction (EP) system was established using stochastic optimal perturbation that represented the uncertainty in the physical process. The assimilation experiments showed that assimilating multi-source data yielded better results than assimilating single-source data. The analyses of Niño3.4 SST anomalies and zonal wind stress (ZWS) anomalies were in good agreement with the observed counterparts, respectively. The root mean square errors of both Niño3.4 SST anomalies and ZWS anomalies were found to be significantly reduced, compared to the values obtained before assimilation. The modeled upper layer depth anomalies along the equator, and subsurface temperature anomalies in the Niño3.4 region were also found to be similar to the observed counterparts. A long-term ensemble hindcast was conducted using the EP system for the past 163 years, from January 1856 to December 2018. Results showed that the predictions initialized by assimilating multi-source data yielded best deterministic skill, reaching the international advanced level. A comparative analysis revealed that the EP system predicted the warm events well, followed by cold and neutral events.
Fertility and reproductive outcome after tubal ectopic pregnancy: comparison among methotrexate, surgery and expectant management
Authors: Baggio Silvia , Garzon Simone , Russo Anna , Ianniciello Cesare Quintino , Santi Lorenza , Laganà Antonio Simone , Raffaelli Ricciarda , Franchi Massimo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To compare fertility and reproductive outcome after surgical, medical, and expectant management for tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP).

Methods
133 of 228 patients, who were managed between January 2012 and December 2017 for a tubal EP, tried to conceive immediately after treatment: 86 out of 173 (49.7%) underwent surgical treatment; 38 (21.9%) were treated with methotrexate (MTX), and 49 (28.3%) had expectant management. Clinical data were retrieved by medical records, fertility outcomes were obtained by phone follow-up. The cumulative incidence (CI) of intrauterine clinical pregnancy (CP), miscarriage, live birth (LB), and recurrent EP, and the time between treatment and first intrauterine CP were compared between women treated with MTX, surgery and expectant management.

Results
The CI of intrauterine CP starting from 12 months after the EP was 65.3% for the expectant management, 55.3% for the MTX group, and 39.5% for surgery (p = 0.012). Post-hoc analysis showed expectant management having higher intrauterine CP and LB, and shorter time between treatment and first intrauterine CP compared to surgery (p < 0.05). The CI of recurrent EP was comparable between the 3 groups. The analysis stratified per βhCG cut-off of 1745 mUI/mL and EP mass cut-off of 25 mm reported consistent results.

Conclusions
Women successfully managed by expectation appear to have better reproductive outcomes compared to women who underwent surgery, with the shortest time to achieve a subsequent intrauterine CP. Therefore, if safely applicable the expectant management should be considered in the case of tubal EP. The fact that the chosen treatment was primarily guided by the βhCG value and EP mass diameter based on the protocol, which is intrinsically related to the characteristics of the EP, represents the main limitation of the present study. Indeed, we cannot completely exclude that the observed differences between treatments are related to the EP itself instead of the treatment.