bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General scientific and regional conceptual approaches to compilation of Red Data Books of Soils
Authors: Prokashev A M , Tyul’kin A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The authors explain the need to compile the Red Data Book of soils similar to the existing Red Data Books of plants and animals. The paper reveals some theoretical and methodological approaches from general scientific and regional points of view relevant for the compilation of such works. The main soil objects in the pedosphere of the Kirov region that meet the zonal standards are identified, i.e. rare, unique and endangered soils. These soils are to be included in the environmental documents mentioned above. The results can be used to develop a local network of specially protected natural territories due to a new – pedogenic – category of objects of conservation of natural heritage as part of reserves, micro-reserves, soil monuments of nature. These materials are of interest to the scientific community and environmental services of the Kirov region and other constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Green building technology resources on the technological platform of a complex facility for environmental reconstruction of the territory
Authors: Svetlakov V I , Stroykov A V , Mokhov A I , Sevostiyanov A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Territory reorganization modeling is one of the leading areas in the analysis of integrated development. The subsystem “technological platform” is part of a complex object of ecological reorganization of the territory, its functions and role in ensuring sustainability of territorial development. Reconstruction of this layer of the complex model requires changes in the equipment used in buildings and facilities, affects the construction of engineering and transport networks and communication systems and determines the possibility of obtaining innovative products. Organizational reconstruction of enterprises as innovative changes based on green technologies requires the economic mechanism of innovative development of enterprises. Areas of restructuring the technological platform of the territory by improving the level of capitalization of the territory due to its resource development were identified.
Environmental analysis of Upper Alpine rock-and-talus flora of central and eastern parts of the Russia’s Caucasus Region
Authors: Astamirova M A-M , Taisumov M A , Omarkhadzieva F S , Israilova S A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a detailed environmental analysis of the Upper Alpine rock-and-talus flora of the central and eastern parts of the Russia’s Caucasus Region. The classification of petrophytes (obligate, facultative and contingent) with respect to the acidity of the substrate (oxylophiles, xylo-calciphiles, calciphiles) and with regard to the substrate type (rupestrophytes, lapidophytes, schistophytes, lapishistophytes, morenophytes, glareophytes) is given. The species, quantity and percentage of each environmental group are indicated. The dominance in the studied flora with respect to acidity of the substrate of oxylophytes is noted, along with the physical state – lapishistophytes. In terms of the physical properties of the substrate, the flora species represent quite complex aggregate formed by stenotopic and environmentally plastic species settling on two to three, less often on four types of the substrate.
Productivity of pastoral ecosystems on the sand lands of the south of the European part of Russia
Authors: Vlasenko M V , Tyutyuma N A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
On the sandy tracts in the South of European territory of Russia there are 842 species of psammophytes, 25 % (209 species) are obligate forms. Many of them are endemics. Species composition, structure and productivity of plant communities depends on the degree of overgrowing of the Sands (open sands, medium-overgrown sands, overgrown sands). Their abundance varies depending on the exposure and the part of the slope. The existence of species occurs as a result of continuous and close interaction with each other and as a response to irritation of various environmental factors. The development of vegetation in this area is limited by the lack of precipitation, strong desiccation of the upper soil horizons due to high summer temperatures, low snow cover, low temperatures of air and soil in winter, the poverty of the sands with nutrients, their mobility, and occasionally strong salinity. The process of natural overgrowing of sand can last more than 50 years. Unorganized unsystematic use of pastures significantly increases these periods. Active use of pastures with low productivity destroys natural ecosystems and causes desertification. As a result, the area of full forage land is reduced, and environmental and socio-economic tensions are increasing. One of the methods for restoration and improvement of sandy areas is the regulated grazing of farm animals in accordance with the productivity of pastures.
The ecological situation in the Chechen Republic as perceived by its inhabitants
Authors: Sedieva M B , Abubakarova M M , Zaburaeva Kh Sh , Islamov D A 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHuman awareness of the danger of environmental problems is associated with serious difficulties. One of them is non-obviousness of human natural basis, psychological alienation from nature, a dismissive attitude towards environmentally-friendly activities. The purpose of this article is to study the attitude of people, in particular residents of the Chechen Republic, to the environmental situation in their region. The research objectives are as follows: to assess the state and dynamics of the ecological situation; to assess the importance of information on the environment for Russian citizens, to assess the sufficiency of measures taken and ways to improve the environmental situation; to study the attitude of citizens of the Chechen Republic to "ecological" behavior.
Spatial distribution of temperature and precipitation in the South Ural Region
Authors: Panina M V , Nazarenko N N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The study presents the features of the spatial distribution of temperatures and precipitation within the Southern Urals based on the analysis of daily observations within 2004–2018. The study suggests the reasons for zones of temperature and precipitation distribution. There is a nature of the formation of climatic zones by the regime of moistening determined. The azonal differences of the western and eastern slopes of the Southern Urals are differentiated. Local causes of latitudinal differences in temperature and meridional physiographic features are shown. Monitoring observations of the annual course of precipitation and multidimensional classification identified 5 humidification zones. The causes are described by discriminant functions. This complicates the analysis of altitudinal differentiation and enhances the role of azonal factors. A set of identified causes is formed, including during human activities.
Biological effects of iron nanoparticles entering the soil
Authors: Galaktionova L V , Terehova N A , Osipova E A , Gusev N F , Lebedev S V , Gavrish I A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The active development of nanotechnologies, accompanied by wide use of nanoparticles in various industries, necessitates to study its effect on higher plants. The studies were conducted in the summer of 2019 in a territory located near the village Vozdvizhenka of Ponomarevsky district (Orenburg region, Russia). The plot was divided into micro-plots and nanoparticles of Fe3O were introduced onto the surfaces at doses of 1000 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. During the experiment, test plants were sown, and then we determined a set of their vital and morphometric indicators. The results allow us to conclude that of the entire set of parameters, the most sensitive test object when setting the germination test is Raphanus sativus. According to certain morphometric indicators, the most informative is the use of Lepidium sativum in the experiment. In general, the nanooxide in small doses used in the study increased the productivity of plants, which indicates the need for further studies to assess the prospects of its use in crop production.
Changes in soil carbon content and reserves under long-term field experiments in the steppe zone of the Southern Urals
Authors: Galaktionova L V , Vasilieva T N , Mitrofanov D V , Skorokhodov V Y , Lebedev S V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The identification of factors determining the stability of soil organic carbon is an important step in managing the volumes of greenhouse gases and crops entering the atmosphere. The greatest influence on the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in the soils of agroecosystems is exerted by oxidation processes under intensive agrotechnical action, decomposition, mineralization and humification by soil microorganisms, and also transformation under the influence of enzymatic activity of soils. The studies were conducted on the sites of a long-term field hospital and virgin soil located in the zone of distribution of steppe chernozems of the Southern Urals. During field and laboratory studies, the intensity of soil emission of CO2 (adsorption method), the activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase (colorimetric method), and the soil organic matter content (dichromateoxidationtechnique) were determined. The indicators of the content and reserves of soil organic matter in different experimental variants showed a high dependence on the intensity of mineralization processes as a result of active mechanical treatment, aeration and increased activity of microorganisms, as well as the activity of soil enzymes involved in the carbon cycle (C).
Filtering precipitation through soil
Authors: Kulterbaev H P , Shogenova M M , Baragunova L A , Kalov H M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article studies the process of filtering precipitation through soil. Two mathematical models are obtained and used, specifically, deterministic and stochastic ones. The basis of these tasks is a diffusion parabolic partial differential equation supplemented by initial-boundary conditions. The findings are used in solving the stochastic problem. The mathematical analytical formulation of the problem using the finite difference method is reduced to an inhomogeneous linear algebraic system of equations, which is implemented in the environment of the Matlab computing complex. Consideration of the task operator linearity and the principle of superposition reduced the amount of computation significantly. A number of conclusions were drawn on the basis of solutions.
Issue of environmental factors in the implementation of public policy in the northern cities of Russia
Authors: Tsyplakova E G , Afanasiev K S , Sinko G I , Purina N M , Yankevich Yu G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article considers the problem of the development of public policy priorities in the northern territories through the example of the solution of transport problem. According to the studies, it is concluded that, when planning the development of the transport infrastructure, it is necessary to take into account specific environmental factors and restrictions that are typical of northern cities, which are caused by environmental conditions with low selfrestoration potential. This specificity makes it impossible to mechanically transfer the advanced foreign experience of countries with a warmer climate to solve this problem. The study conducted sociological surveys among vehicle owners in order to find out whether motorists are aware of the degree of environmental danger and whether they are ready to participate in the solution of environmental problems of the coexistence of vehicles and urban areas. The results of the surveys showed that the vast majority of motorists are aware of the environmental danger to the urban environment from increasing motorization. They express their readiness to obtain and put into practice the necessary knowledge to improve the environmental situation.
Anthropogenic transformation of landscapes in ancient times (on the example of the town of Artesian in Crimean Pryazovia)
Authors: Golyeva A A , Vinokurov N I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
On the basis of a comparative analysis of known historical and archaeological data the paper shows the formation of the anthropogenic landscape for the period of 800 years of the ancient town of Artesian (Crimean Pryazovia). It was found that the process of transformation of all components of biocenoses has not always been progressive. In certain periods (war, earthquake) there was a decrease in the anthropogenic load and the natural landscapes were restored on the periphery of the territory controlled by the town. However, these periods did not change the overall outcome – radical and irreversible change of all components of the landscape by man. The obtained data are well aligned with known literary findings about the significant human influence on landscapes in past eras and confirm their existence in the northeastern part of Crimea.
Economic and statistical analysis of environmental indicators in the Russian Federation
Authors: Lapteva E V , Ogorodnikova E P , Portnova L V , Lekareva Yu S , Alexandrova L A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The problem of environmental pollution is acute and relevant at the present time. The article presents an economic and statistical analysis of indicators of air pollution, water and land resources. The analysis was carried out for 2009-2018. The process of predicting the level of atmospheric pollution according to the trend equation (the forecast was obtained until 2022) was carried out according to the time series, the level of water pollution was predicted using the multiple regression equation (a realistic, optimistic and pessimistic forecasts were obtained) and the level of reforestation was predicted based on average dynamics (until 2022).
The green energy industry: current challenges and trends in the development of professional qualifications in agricultural specialists
Authors: Shirokorad I I , Fadeeva O M , Pafnutova E G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Human activities require energy. However, widely used non-renewable sources are becoming exhausted. Currently, Russia does not have an acute shortage of energy resources; therefore, the issue of renewable energy is rarely discussed. However, in Russia one of the urgent problems is urban and agricultural waste management. Agriculture, like other industries, produces products and waste (crop and livestock wastes). Straw, stalks of corn and sunflower, dung – dried manure were used to produce thermal energy. Today, there are technologies used to extract energy from agricultural illiquid assets. Producing energy from agricultural waste allows us to solve two problems – to get rid of some of waste and help the mining industry. The green energy industry is becoming a major employer. To provide it with personnel, qualitative changes in the training system are required
Using a heat pump at the complex of energy generation and compressed air production for mining companies
Authors: Osintsev K V , Perekopnaya Y A , Bolkov Y S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A further efficiency upgrading of thermal power plants and boiler units at mining companies is linked to increasing the initial parameters of steam. Modern power units can work with an efficiency of 55-58%. However, it is possible to make a review of additional possibilities of heat utilization at a thermal power station. It is quite possible to increase the efficiency by 2-3% more due to the heat regeneration both in this cycle and in the water treatment units. A technology has been developed that combines the ORC and the cycle of compressed air production in a single power engineering system using an improved thermal-transformer, specifically, a refrigeration-heating machine what works in thermal networks of a thermal power station. In addition, from a practical point of view, it is shown that the efficiency of thermal power plant can be improved in comparison with standard schemes. Use of heat pumps beyond heating systems of private houses is becoming increasingly common in centralized heating systems and with feed water of thermal power plants. It significantly reduces the cost of heat and electricity production. Besides, solar collectors can integrate very well into the technological scheme of heating network water at the thermal power plant.
Improvement to electricity generation systems by using a refrigeration machine and solar concentrator for air cooling
Authors: Osintsev K V , Perekopnaya Y A , Korabelnikova D P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A process scheme of using the absorption refrigeration machine in electricity generation systems in case of application of air cooling system of the steam turbine electric generators has been developed. The proposed scheme increases thermal power plant efficiency by 0.1-0.2% according to preliminary estimates, primarily by reducing power consumption on pumps and fans drive, as well as by reducing temperature of cooling heat carrier in the period with high ambient temperatures. A feature of the proposed technology is the combination of the most efficient air-cooling scheme and the absorption plant cycle in a single power technology complex. In this refrigeration machine, the working fluid is a binary mixture, one of the components of which is called a refrigerant, and the other one is an absorbent, where the liquid absorbent can absorb the refrigerant vapor. For the first time it is proposed to use an absorption refrigerating machine as the cooling system element of steam turbine electric generators. Currently, there are advanced air-cooling systems using multi-jet cooling for turbo-generators with a capacity of 3 to 180 MW. Finally, it can be used to increase the unit capacity of power units on the thermal power plants that use air-cooled power generators.
Concept and role of environmental expert review during the construction of real estate
Authors: Baskakova E A , Bliznukova T V , Giliazitdinova E M , Konokotin N G , Vedmanova O O 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In Russia an investment construction project is considered a time-limited investment enterprise, which is aimed at the creation of a new, unique real estate property. The availability and use of such a property is necessary to achieve investment objectives. However, it is necessary to take into account all the necessary research at the stage of business planning. It is necessary to carry out environmental research during the construction of real estate in order to maintain safety and improve the comfort of people’s lives, as well as to use rationally natural resources of our planet. At the business planning stage, such aspects as pollution of the air basin, soil and water bodies, reduction of biological diversity, use and disposal of hazardous and toxic waste, salinization and bogging of lands and the impact of noise exposure from the sources of the facility on the state of the air environment are considered.
Some aspects of the provision of land in the implementation of housing in order to fulfill the agreement on integrated development of the territory
Authors: Borodina O B , Rasskazova A A , Kuznecova S G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article assesses some of the problems that arise in the practical application of the norms of civil, land and other Russian legislation when concluding and fulfilling an agreement on the integrated development of territories for housing construction. The authors pay special attention to the issue of the content ratio of such concepts as type of permitted use of a land plot and integrated development of the territory. There is a need to introduce such permitted type of land use as integrated development of territories for the period of construction. The authors draw attention to the totality of obligations under the agreement on the integrated development of the participants’ territory and note that their violation by state authorities and local authorities can lead to improper fulfillment of obligations by the developer, which will lead to termination of land lease agreement and additional costs for land lease. The authors propose developing a mechanism to protect the interests of the developer when concluding an agreement on leasing a land plot, in order to implement an agreement on the integrated development of the territory.
Ecological and geographical studies of agricultural nature management
Authors: Dontsov A V , Semochkin V N , Sorokina O A , Geraskin M M , Fedorinov A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article describes the concept of rational environmental management, existing approaches to identification of its main types, criteria for classifying natural resources in modern environmental science. The priority direction and means of preventing the environmentally crisis is recognized as a landscape-ecological approach. The role of an ecological-geographical analysis of agricultural nature management and environmental protection was described, the main goal of geographical research of its components was identified. An analysis of natural and social laws, and their interaction was carried out. The role of regional laws and features of interconnections in the development of nature, economy and population aimed at ensuring environment and resource-reproducing functions was described.
Introduction into the circulation of unused defense and security lands of the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Khlystun V N , Murasheva A A , Vdovenko A V , Lepekhin P P , Ivanova N A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article sets forth material that relates to the current state and prospects of introducing into circulation unused defense and security lands in the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. The article shows which factors are constraining and which are stimulating such development, as well as the degree of influence of each group of factors on the identification, assessment and formation of a land plot, as well as recommendations for their civilian use in the Russian Far East. In the process, a number of major problems were identified related to the management of land owned by the Russian Ministry of Defense, in particular in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District. The practical significance is that the results of the study can be useful when working with unused defense and security lands not only in the Far Eastern region, but throughout the Russian Federation.
Thirty years of land transformation in Russia
Authors: Khlystun V N , Stolyarov V M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The transformation of the Soviet planned economic model into a modern Russian market economy would not have been possible without large-scale privatization of the means of production, a large share of which is agricultural land. In contrast to the privatization of industry, which was carried out and completed in a relatively short time by historical standards, formation of private ownership of land continues to this day, having exceeded thirty years. In accordance with the goal of the land reform initiated in the early 1990s, over 115 million hectares of agricultural land were to be transferred to private ownership of more than 12 million people. The main tool for the implementation of land reform became the so-called “Land shares”. Nevertheless, a number of issues have not yet been resolved; a certain tension remains in land relations and the formation of a civilized land market. The content of the article presents the author’s position on the assessment of the causes, content and consequences of land transformations in Russia and proposals on the formation of a set of measures for their successful completion.