bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decentralized event‐triggered control of large‐scale nonlinear systems
Authors: Liu Tengfei , Jiang Zhong‐Ping , Zhang Pengpeng 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis paper studies the decentralized event‐triggered control of large‐scale nonlinear systems. We consider a class of decentralized control systems that are transformable into an interconnection of input‐to‐state stable subsystems with the sampling errors as the inputs. The sampling events for each subsystem are triggered by a threshold signal, and the threshold signals for the subsystems are independent with each other for the decentralized implementation. By appropriately designing the event‐triggering mechanisms, it is shown that infinitely fast sampling can be avoided for each subsystem and asymptotic regulation is achievable for the large‐scale system. The proposed design is based on the ISS small‐gain arguments, and is validated by a benchmark example of controlling two coupled inverted pendulums.
Effects of Hydrothermal Time on the Properties, Morphology and Photocatalytic Activity of Rose‐Like Microspheres ZnIn2S4
Authors: Fan Yingying , Tian Fei , Yang Ruijie , Zhong Jian , Tan Kai , Zhang Lingling , Fu Guohui , Zhu Rongshu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is widely recognized that hydrothermal time has an important influence on the structure, optical properties and photocatalytic activity of the photocatalysts. However, there are few reports concerning the effects of hydrothermal time on ZnIn2S4 photocatalyst. In this work, a series of ZnIn2S4 photocatalysts were prepared at different hydrothermal time (0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h). The effects of hydrothermal time on the crystallinity, absorbing property, specific surface area, total pore volume, grain size, morphology and photocatalytic activity of ZnIn2S4 were studied.
Enhanced Extraction of Bioactive Components of 3,29–Dibenzoylkarounidiol and Polysaccharides from Semen richonsanthis Using Subcritical Water Technology
Authors: Cheng Yan , Liu Wei , Gao Qianshan , Yu Shuai , Xue Fumin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe efficient and green extraction of oil– and water–soluble essences from natural products is a key step in producing bioactive compounds and value–added chemicals. Herein, two components with different polarities from Semen richonsanthis were extracted using static subcritical water extraction technology at different temperatures (80–160°C), extraction times (5.0–30.0 min), and water loadings (2.0–6.0 mL). The oil–soluble and water–soluble components were measured by HPLC and phenol–sulfuric acid method, respectively. The optimum conditions of 3,29–dibenzoylkarounidiol (0.102±0.004%) and polysaccharides (0.462 ±0.021%) were obtained at 130°C, 10 min and 4.0 mL water loading. Compared with ultrasonic and heating reflux extraction, the three extracts were assessed by antioxidant activity against 2,2–diphenyl–1–picrylhydrazyl and the cytotoxicity towards HeLa cells. Overall results showed that the activities of subcritical water extracts are more promising than the other extracts and can be safely applied to pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. Lastly, the morphological changes were evaluated by SEM which indicated subcritical water have a destructive effect on the cell wall.
Synthesis of Alkynyl Sulfones
Authors: Guerrero‐Robles Marco A. , Vilchis‐Reyes Miguel A. , Ramos‐Rivera Erika M. , Alvarado Cuauhtémoc 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlkynyl sulfones are organic structures of high synthetic interest, since they can react with nucleophiles by conjugated addition (Michael addition) or through anti‐Michael addition. Such interesting reactive properties make these compounds important intermediates in the synthesis of more complex organic molecules or naturally occurring products. Despite the use of alkynyl sulfones as starting materials (or intermediates), there was not a real interest in developing specific methodologies for their synthesis. Therefore, the synthesis of alkynyl sulfones remained unchanged for a long time. It was not until the 1970s that studies focused on the development of new synthetic routes began to emerge. This Mini Review presents the advances and the state of the art of the synthesis of alkynyl sulfones. Methodologies described in the manuscript are classified according to the starting materials and reagents used. Moreover, every class is arranged in chronological order.
Controlling Nanoscale Thermal Expansion of Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides by Alloy Engineering
Authors: Hu Xuan , Hemmat Zahra , Majidi Leily , Cavin John , Mishra Rohan , Salehi‐Khojin Amin , Ogut Serdar , Klie Robert F. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract2D materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), graphene, and boron nitride, are seen as promising materials for future high power/high frequency electronics. However, the large difference in the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) between many of these 2D materials could impose a serious challenge for the design of monolayer‐material‐based nanodevices. To address this challenge, alloy engineering of TMDs is used to tailor their TECs. Here, in situ heating experiments in a scanning transmission electron microscope are combined with electron energy‐loss spectroscopy and first‐principles modeling of monolayer Mo1−xWxS2 with different alloying concentrations to determine the TEC. Significant changes in the TEC are seen as a function of chemical composition in Mo1−xWxS2, with the smallest TEC being reported for a configuration with the highest entropy. This study provides key insights into understanding the nanoscale phenomena that control TEC values of 2D materials.
Hippo‐Yap/Taz signaling: Complex network interactions and impact in epithelial cell behavior
Authors: van Soldt Benjamin J. , Cardoso Wellington V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Hippo pathway has emerged as a crucial integrator of signals in biological events from development to adulthood and in diseases. Although extensively studied in Drosophila and in cell cultures, major gaps of knowledge still remain on how this pathway functions in mammalian systems. The pathway consists of a growing number of components, including core kinases and adaptor proteins, which control the subcellular localization of the transcriptional co‐activators Yap and Taz through phosphorylation of serines at key sites. When localized to the nucleus, Yap/Taz interact with TEAD transcription factors to induce transcriptional programs of proliferation, stemness, and growth. In the cytoplasm, Yap/Taz interact with multiple pathways to regulate a variety of cellular functions or are targeted for degradation. The Hippo pathway receives cues from diverse intracellular and extracellular inputs, including growth factor and integrin signaling, polarity complexes, and cell–cell junctions. This review highlights the mechanisms of regulation of Yap/Taz nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and their implications for epithelial cell behavior using the lung as an intriguing example of this paradigm.This article is categorized under:
Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms
Signaling Pathways > Cell Fate Signaling
Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Cytoplasmic Localization
Semi‐infinite moving crack in an orthotropic strip sandwiched between two identical half planes
Authors: Singh A. , Das S. , Altenbach H. , Craciun E.‐M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe problem of semi‐infinite moving crack situated in a strip of a linear elastic orthotropic material sandwiched between two identical half planes has been considered. The assumed boundary value problem has been solved to convert it into the standard Wiener‐Hopf equation by using Fourier transform technique. Further the Wiener‐Hopf equation has been solved to obtain analytical expression for stress intensity factor and crack opening displacement at the tip of the crack for plane stress and plane strain cases. The effects of elastic material constants and propagation of the crack tip on stress intensity factor and crack opening displacement at the tip of crack have been displayed graphically for various particular cases for a combination of orthotropic materials.
Comparison of Medial‐to‐lateral versus Traditional Lateral‐to‐medial Laparoscopic Dissection Sequences for Resection of Rectosigmoid Cancers: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Liang Jin‐Tung , Lai Hong‐Shiee , Huang Kuo‐Chin , Chang King‐Jen , Shieh Ming‐Jium , Jeng Yung‐Ming , Wang Shih‐Ming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to compare medial‐to‐lateral versus lateral‐to‐medial laparoscopic dissection sequences for resecting rectosigmoid cancers. We hypothesized that the medial‐to‐lateral approach was a more efficient procedure and with potentially better oncologic results. Between January 1997 and June 1999, a total of 67 patients of rectosigmoid cancer treated by one surgeon using the laparoscopic approach were recruited for this prospective, randomized, double‐blind clinical trial. Using the blocked randomization method, 36 patients were allocated to a medial‐to‐lateral (M) group and the other 31 to a lateral‐to‐medial (L) group; the groups were well matched in age, gender, symptoms, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class, tumor location, tumor distance above the anal verge, tumor gross morphology, TNM stage of the tumor, and accuracy of preoperative TNM staging (p > 0.05). All patients were followed up until June 2001. We found that the M group had a significantly shorter operating time and lower overall costs than the L group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between these two groups in terms of intraoperative complications, conversion rate, postoperative ileus, hospitalization, postoperative pain, postoperative complications, wound length, or disability (p > 0.05). The postoperative proinflammatory response, evaluated by the C‐reactive protein level and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, was significantly lower in the M group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between these two groups regarding postoperative immunosuppression, as evaluated by the alterations of total lymphocyte counts and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio (p > 0.05). The extent of dissection of these two dissection approaches was similar, as the harvested lymph nodes were equivalent (p > 0.05). During the whole follow‐up period (median 32 months, range 24–54 months), the tumor recurrence rate was similar for these two groups of patients (5.6% in the M group vs. 6.5% in the L group; p > 0.05). These findings indicated that the medial‐to‐lateral approach was quicker, less expensive and possibly less invasive; moreover, it gave oncologic results similar to those achieved with the traditional lateral‐to‐medial dissection sequence. We thus concluded that the medial‐to‐lateral dissection sequence may currently be the most appropriate procedure for laparoscopic resection of rectosigmoid cancers.
Stapled and Open Hemorrhoidectomy: Randomized Controlled Trial of Early Results
Authors: Palimento Domenico , Picchio Marcello , Attanasio Ugo , Lombardi Assunta , Bambini Chiara , Renda Andrea 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare the early results in 52 patients randomly allocated to undergo either stapled or open hemorrhoidectomy. Seventy‐four patients with grade III and IV hemorrhoids were randomly allocated to undergo either stapled (37 patients) or open (37 patients) hemorrhoidectomy. Stapled hemorrhoidectomy was performed with the use of a circular stapling device. Open hemorrhoidectomy was accomplished according to the Milligan‐Morgan technique. Postoperative pain was assessed by means of a visual analogue scale (V.A.S.). Recovery evaluation included return to pain‐free defecation and normal activities. A 6‐month clinical follow‐up and a 17.5 (10 to 27)‐month median telephone follow‐up was obtained in all patients. Operation time for stapled hemorrhoidectomy was shorter (median 25 [range 15 to 49] minutes versus 30 [range 20 to 44] minutes, p = 0.041). Median (range) V.A.S. scores in the stapled group were significantly lower (V.A.S. score after 4 hours: 4 [2 to 6] versus 5 [2 to 8], p = 0.001; V.A.S. score after 24 hours: 3 [1 to 6] versus 5 [3 to 7], p = 0.000; V.A.S. score after first defecation: 5 [3 to 8] versus 7 [3 to 9], p = 0.000). Resumption of pain‐free defecation was significantly faster in the stapled group (10 [6 to 14] days vs 12 [9 to 19] days, p = 0.001). At follow‐up 4 weeks and 6 months postoperatively the median (range) symptom severity score was similar in both groups (1 [0 to 2] versus 0 [0 to 3], p = 0.150 and 0 [0 to 2] versus 0 [0 to 2], p = 0.731). At long‐term follow‐up occasional pain was present in 6/37 (16.2) patients in the stapled group and 7/37 (18.9%) in the Milligan‐Morgan group (p = 1.000); episodes of bleeding were reported by 8/37 (21.6%) patients in the stapled group and 5/37 (13.5%) patients in the Milligan‐Morgan group (p = 0.542). No problems related to continence and defecation were reported in either group. Patients were satisfied with the operation in 33/37 (89.2%) cases in the stapled group and 31/37 (83.8%) cases in the Milligan‐Morgan group (p = 0.735). Hemorrhoidectomy with a circular staple device is easy to perform and achieves better results than the Milligan‐Morgan technique in terms of postoperative pain and recovery. Comparable results are obtained at long‐term follow‐up.
Mind-wandering content differentially translates from lab to daily life and relates to subjective stress experience
Authors: Linz Roman , Pauly Reena , Smallwood Jonathan , Engert Veronika 
Published: December 2019

AbstractExperience and thoughts that are unrelated to the external surroundings are pervasive features of human cognition. Research under the rubric of mind-wandering suggests that such internal experience is context-dependent, and that the content of ongoing thought differentially influences a range of associated outcomes. However, evidence on how the extent of mind-wandering and its content translate from the laboratory to daily life settings is scarce. Furthermore, the relationship between such patterns of thought with markers of stress in daily life remains underexplored. In the current study, we examined multiple aspects of mind-wandering of ninety-three healthy participants (47 women, 25.4 ± 3.9 years) in both the laboratory and daily life and explored two questions: (a) how are mind-wandering extent and content correlated across both settings, and (b) what are their relationships with subjective stress and salivary cortisol levels in daily life? Our results suggest that the extent of off-task thinking is not correlated across contexts, while features of content—i.e., social, future-directed and negative thought content—robustly translate. We also found that daily life subjective stress was linked to more on-task, negative, and future-directed thinking, suggesting stress was linked with the need to act on personally relevant goals. Based on these results we speculate that differences in the links between stress and ongoing thought in daily life may be one reason why patterns of thinking vary from lab to everyday life. More generally, these findings underline the need to consider both context and content in investigating mind-wandering and associated features of subjective experience, and call for caution in generalizing laboratory findings to participants’ daily lives.
Patronage, social proximity, and instrumentality in the mining industry in the Democratic Republic of Congo: the union elections explored
Authors: Geenen Kristien 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article examines which factors influenced the votes of the workers during union elections in the mining companies in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 2018. Although incumbent and challenging candidates recurred to lavish spending during the electoral campaign, this behavior had turned out hardly decisive on election day. Rather, workers voted for those candidates who had managed to become perceived as a patron. Patronage was acquired above all by improving the labor conditions and securing jobs. As such, workers voted following an evaluative rationale, although social proximity turned out an important factor as well. Regardless of these free elections and the secret ballot, however, the grip of the management upon the chosen union delegation remains very tight, both during and after the elections.
The determinants of university strategic positioning: a reappraisal of the organisation
Authors: Fumasoli Tatiana , Barbato Giovanni , Turri Matteo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper makes a contribution to the debate on university organisational actorhood by theorising the determinants of institutional strategic positioning. It argues that besides environmental forces and managerial rationality, the organisational dimension needs to be accounted for. Addressing the mixed empirical evidence in the relevant literature, we conceptualise the organisational dimension as a meso-level intervening variable mediating both external influences (outside-inside) and organisational action (inside-outside). We operationalise the organisational dimension along three components: organisational structure, identity and centrality, which are further elaborated in sub-components and indicators. A set of hypotheses to be tested in empirical research is provided. The paper offers new perspectives on the dynamics of change in higher education and on strategic agency of organisational actors.
The Impact of Iron Oxide Concentration on the Performance of Molten Oxide Electrolytes for the Production of Liquid Iron Metal
Authors: Wiencke Jan , Lavelaine Hervé , Panteix Pierre-Jean , Petitjean Carine , Rapin Christophe 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The effect of iron oxide concentration on the conductive behavior of a molten oxide electrolyte has been investigated at 1823 K using stepped linear scan voltammetry. To maximize the current flow through the electrolyte the ohmic drop in the cell was minimized by shortening the electrode distance. The acquired current was then interpreted by means of an ohmic drop correction, taking into account the conductivity of the alumina-silicate electrolyte and the geometrical form factor of the cell. Via this methodology, a mass transfer limitation in dependence of the iron oxide concentration was identified. This mass transfer limitation vanishes above 7 wt pct of iron oxide where charge transfer starts to be limited solely by electrochemical reaction kinetics. In the analyzed range of concentration, an impact of iron oxide on electronic conduction was not measurable. In addition to these findings, the faradaic yield of the anode half-reaction was determined by the life-measure of O2-production. Hereby, a domain of an anodic yield close to 100 pct for various iron oxide concentrations was identified. Based on these findings, suitable conditions for the electrochemical production of liquid iron were determined.
Metabolic Impact of Body Fat Percentage Independent of Body Mass Index in Women with Obesity Remission After Gastric Bypass
Authors: Eriksson Hogling Daniel , Bäckdahl Jesper , Thorell Anders , Rydén Mikael , Andersson Daniel P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveBody mass index (BMI) is central when evaluating treatment effect after gastric bypass. The metabolic impact of BMI-independent differences in body fat percentage (BF%) after gastric bypass is not fully understood. We compared metabolic and adipose tissue characteristics in women with high versus low BF% independent of BMI after obesity remission following gastric bypass.Subjects/MethodsA cohort of 215 women was included at baseline. A total of 166 women were re-examined 2 years after gastric bypass, whereof 130 had obesity remission (BMI < 30 kg/m2). Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and lipids were measured. Total and regional body fat mass was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (Mvalue). Adipocyte size and number were determined.ResultsOf the 130 women with obesity remission, 64 had BF% ≥ 35 and 65 < 35. Independent of BMI, high BF% were associated with higher HOMA-IR (P = 0.021), lowerMvalue (P = 0.0046), higher triglycerides (P = 0.013), higher visceral/total and android/gynoid fat mass ratios (P = 0.0032 and 0.0003 respectively), and larger subcutaneous fat cell volume (P < 0.0001) 2 years after gastric bypass. No differences in anthropometric measures, glucose, blood pressure, or fat cell number were observed.ConclusionsIndependent of BMI, patients with higher BF% displayed lower insulin sensitivity, higher triglyceride levels, central fat distribution, and larger subcutaneous adipocytes 2 years after gastric bypass. Thus, determination of BF% provides additional information of metabolic characteristics at follow-up of non-obese patients after gastric bypass.
Data centres in future European energy systems—energy efficiency, integration and policy
Authors: Koronen Carolina , Åhman Max , Nilsson Lars J 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEnd-use efficiency, demand response and coupling of different energy vectors are important aspects of future renewable energy systems. Growth in the number of data centres is leading to an increase in electricity demand and the emergence of a new electricity-intensive industry. Studies on data centres and energy use have so far focused mainly on energy efficiency. This paper contributes with an assessment of the potential for energy system integration of data centres via demand response and waste heat utilization, and with a review of EU policies relevant to this. Waste heat utilization is mainly an option for data centres that are close to district heating systems. Flexible electricity demand can be achieved through temporal and spatial scheduling of data centre operations. This could provide more than 10 GW of demand response in the European electricity system in 2030. Most data centres also have auxiliary power systems employing batteries and stand-by diesel generators, which could potentially be used in power system balancing. These potentials have received little attention so far and have not yet been considered in policies concerning energy or data centres. Policies are needed to capture the potential societal benefits of energy system integration of data centres. In the EU, such policies are in their nascent phase and mainly focused on energy efficiency through the voluntary Code of Conduct and criteria under the EU Ecodesign Directive. Some research and development in the field of energy efficiency and integration is also supported through the EU Horizon 2020 programme. Our analysis shows that there is considerable potential for demand response and energy system integration. This motivates greater efforts in developing future policies, policy coordination, and changes in regulation, taxation and electricity market design.