bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educational Interventions to Improve Dental Anatomy Carving Ability of Dental Students: A Systematic Review
Authors: Conte Daniele B. , Zancanaro Milena , Guollo André , Schneider Luana R. , Lund Rafael G. , Rodrigues‐Junior Sinval A. 
Published: July 2020

This systematic review aimed to identify the level of impact of educational strategies for teaching tooth carving on the carving ability of undergraduate dental students. The PubMed‐NCBI, Cochrane‐CENTRAL, LILACS, Ibecs, BBO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in May 2019, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two‐arm non‐randomized studies of interventions (NRSI) addressing educational interventions toward the dental carving of undergraduate students. Studies from the year 2000 until the search date, written in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were included. Study screening and data extraction were performed in duplicate and blinded. The data were presented narratively, considering the dental carving ability of students the primary outcome. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB tool 2.0 and ROBINS‐I, and the level of evidence was determined with GRADE. Of 3,574 studies, 6 were included, with 3 RCTs and 3 NRSIs. Very low level of evidence was provided from the NRSIs that flipped classroom (1 study; n = 140) and a student‐driven revised module (1 study; n = 264) improved the carving ability of students. Additionally, there was moderate evidence of online complementary material (1 RCT; n = 30) and reinforcement class improving the carving ability of students (1 RCT; n = 29). The replacement of traditional classes by an instructional DVD (1 RCT; n = 73) and assessment of carving projects through digital systems (1 NRSI; n = 79) did not enhance the carving ability of students. Study design, risk of bias, and imprecision downgraded the level of evidence. There was a very low to moderate evidence on the effectiveness of student‐driven educational approaches and complementary classes of dental anatomy in improving the dental carving ability of students.
Enzymatic transesterification of coconut oil by using immobilized lipase on biochar: An experimental and molecular docking study
Authors: Almeida Lays C. , Barbosa Milson S. , de Jesus Felipe A. , Santos Roberta M. , Fricks Alini T. , Freitas Lisiane S. , Pereira Matheus M. , Lima Álvaro S. , Soares Cleide M. F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGuava seed biochar appears as a new alternative of the effective support to the immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) by physical adsorption. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of this immobilized biocatalyst in the transesterification reaction of crude coconut oil and ethanol and to understand the mechanism of the reaction through the study of molecular docking. The best loading of BCL was determined to be 0.15 genzyme/gsupport having a hydrolytic activity of 260 U/g and 54% immobilization yield. The products of transesterification reaction produced a maximum yield at 40 °C under different reaction conditions. The monoacylglycerols (MAGs) conversion of 59% was using substrate molar ratio oil:ethanol of 1:7 with the reaction time of 24 H. In addition, the highest ethyl esters yield (48%) had the molar ratio of 1:7 with the reaction time of 96 H and maximum conversion of diacylglycerols (DAGs) was 30% with the molar ratio of 1:6 with the reaction time of 24 H. Molecular Docking was applied to clarify the mechanisms of transesterification reaction at the molecular level. MAGs and DAGs are compounds with excellent emulsifying properties used in industrial production of several bioproducts such as cosmetic, pharmaceuticals, foods, and lubricants.
Frischbetonverbundsysteme – Neue Erkenntnisse aus Forschung und Praxis
Authors: Heinlein Ulli , Freimann Thomas , Bilgin Serdar , Filusch Sebastian , Meyer Lars , Herrmann Knut 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFrischbetonverbundsysteme (FBVS) werden in Deutschland seit einigen Jahren als zusätzliche wasserseitige Abdichtungsebene auf wasserundurchlässigen Betonkonstruktionen eingesetzt. Sie sollen das Zuverlässigkeitsniveau der Bauwerksabdichtung erhöhen oder werden planmäßig als Abdichtung für Trennrisse eingesetzt. Dabei ist die Planung und Anwendung bisher weitgehend ungeregelt. FBVS werden weder als eigenständige hautförmige Abdichtung nach DIN 18533 [1] angesehen, noch werden sie in der DAfStb‐Richtlinie „Wasserundurchlässige Bauwerke aus Beton (WU‐Richtlinie)“ [2] erwähnt. Auch unterliegt die Prüfung der Produkte bisher keinen einheitlichen Grundsätzen. Im Rahmen des folgenden Beitrags werden die Eigenschaften von zehn FBVS‐Produkten beschrieben, die in einem Forschungsvorhaben bestimmt wurden. Die Bandbreite wesentlicher Produkt‐ und Verbundeigenschaften, wie der Schutz gegen Hinterläufigkeit, der Haftverbund oder die Dichtigkeit der Fügenähte, wurde dabei untersucht. Weiterhin werden bisherige Praxiserfahrungen mit FBVS und die Einordnung in die bestehenden Regelwerksstrukturen vorgestellt. Auch der Einfluss von FBVS auf das WU‐Feuchtetransportmodell und die Festbetoneigenschaften werden betrachtet. Abschließend werden Empfehlungen für die Praxis und Maßnahmen zur Qualitätssicherung formuliert.
A review of the literature on staff training strategies that minimize trainer involvement
Authors: Marano Kathleen E. , Vladescu Jason C. , Reeve Kenneth F. , Sidener Tina M. , Cox David J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAsynchronous training procedures, which do not require the simultaneous presence of a trainer and trainee, may offer benefits over synchronous training because they may be more efficient, cost‐effective, and easier to disseminate. Additionally, asynchronous training may address low trainer to staff ratios. The purpose of this literature review was to identify studies that used asynchronous training procedures to teach any skill related to job performance. A total of 54 articles (containing 58 experiments) were identified for inclusion. The asynchronous staff training techniques identified included video models, computer‐based instruction, non‐computer based self‐instruction, and self‐instructional packages. The articles were coded according to participant characteristics, settings, training methodology, and outcomes. Results demonstrated that asynchronous training techniques resulted in mastery‐level performance for a variety of skills, although non‐computer‐based self‐instruction had the least consistent outcomes. Future researchers should directly compare asynchronous training strategies, evaluate individual training components, and assess asynchronous training techniques with a wider range of skills.
Multiple‐stimulus‐without‐replacement preference assessment tool
Authors: Curiel Hugo , Curiel Emily S. L. , Adame Antonio , Li Anita 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the present article is to disseminate a free, interactive web‐based multiple‐stimulus‐without‐replacement preference assessment (MSWO) program. The MSWO Preference Assessment Tool allows practitioners and researchers to assess video preferences using thumbnails and their corresponding videos. The program allows users to upload videos, select assessment parameters, conduct assessments, and download results. The program's functions and user instructions are described.
Effect of dilution on sedimentational separation of bacteria from blood
Authors: Anderson Clifton M. , Pitt William G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBacteria must be separated from septic whole blood in preparation for rapid antibiotic susceptibility tests. This work improves upon past work isolating bacteria from whole blood by exploring an important experimental factor: Whole blood dilution. Herein, we use the continuity equation to model red blood cell sedimentation and show that overall spinning time decreases as the blood is diluted. We found that the bacteria can also be captured more efficiently from diluted blood, up to approximately 68 ± 8% recovery (95% confidence interval). However, diluting blood both requires and creates extra fluid that end users must handle; an optimal dilution, which maximizes bacteria recovery and minimizes waste, was found to scale with the square root of the whole blood hematocrit. This work also explores a hypothesis that plasma backflow, which occurs as red cells move radially outward, causes bacterial enrichment in the supernatant plasma with an impact proportional to the plasma backflow velocity. Bacteria experiments carried out with diluted blood demonstrate such bacterial enrichment, but not in the hypothesized manner as enrichment occurred only in undiluted blood samples at physiological hematocrit.
Interleukin‐38 inhibits adipogenesis and inflammatory cytokine production in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes
Authors: Li Yan , Chen Sisi , Sun Jun , Yu Yang , Li Mingcai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInterleukin‐38 (IL‐38) is a novel member of the IL‐1 cytokine family with anti‐inflammatory activity. However, its effect on adipogenesis and inflammatory cytokines secretion of adipocytes in vitro has not been reported. To address whether IL‐38 inhibits adipogenesis and inflammation in vitro, adipose precursor 3T3‐L1 cells were cultured with or without IL‐38. The morphology and size of lipid droplets in 3T3‐L1 cells were measured by Oil red O staining. The mRNA expression levels of GATA‐binding protein‐3 (GATA‐3), glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), peroxisome proliferator‐associated receptor γ2, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) in 3T3‐L1 cells were detected by real‐time PCR, The contents of IL‐6, IL‐1β, and MCP‐1 in 3T3‐L1 cell medium supernatants were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. IL‐38 significantly decreased the number of lipid droplets in 3T3‐L1 cells. IL‐38 also increased GATA‐3 and GLUT4 mRNA expression and inhibited IL‐1β, IL‐6, and MCP‐1 secretion by 3T3‐L1 cells. It is concluded that IL‐38 can inhibit the differentiation of human adipocytes and inflammatory cytokine production by 3T3‐L1 cells.
Comparison of impulsivity, aggression and suicidality between prisoners in Nigeria who have committed homicide and those who have not
Authors: Armiya'u Aishatu Yusha'u , Ogunwale Adegboyega , Bamidele Lubuola Issa , Adole Oloche , Umar Musa Usman 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMost studies of prisoners, the nature of their offending and any related characteristics have been conducted in rich Western countries. In Nigeria, prison conditions differ in many important respects, key among them that prisoners share large communal spaces much of the time—up to 50 men sleeping in the same space as well as spending the day together. Our aim was to compare levels of impulsivity, aggression and suicide‐related behaviours between prisoners in one prison in Nigeria who had committed a homicide and those who had not, allowing for socio‐demographic factors. A case–control study design was employed with 102 homicide and an equal number of non‐homicide offenders. Each participant was interviewed using the Abbreviated Barratt Impulsiveness Scale for impulsivity, the Modified Overt Aggression Scale for aggression, the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Module C) for suicide‐related behaviours, and a questionnaire for ascertaining socio‐demographic characteristics. On bivariate analysis, motor impulsivity was higher among homicide offenders (p = .014) while non‐planning was higher among non‐homicide offenders (p = .006), but this relationship was affected by demographic variables. Physical aggression levels did not distinguish the two groups, but homicide offenders were less likely to record property‐directed and auto‐aggressive behaviours (p < .05). By contrast, on average, scores for suicide‐related behaviours were lower among the homicide offenders (p = .001), with non‐homicide offenders showing a mean score in the high‐risk category (13.25; SD, 1.25). As motor impulsivity significantly differentiated the groups, this may be an important measure to add to any risk assessment battery when there are concerns about homicidal behaviours. In this sample, history of interpersonal aggression did not distinguish the groups. People with indications of self‐harm or suicide‐related behaviours may be at less risk of violence to others, but care should be taken in interpreting this finding as it is not entirely consistent with other findings.
Diagnostic accuracy of two‐dimensional coronary angiographic‐derived fractional flow reserve—Preliminary results
Authors: Babakhani Hamid , Sadeghipour Parham , Tashakori Beheshti Ahmad , Ghasemi Massoud , Moosavi Jamal , Sadeghian Mohamad , Salesi Mahmood , Zahedmehr Ali , Shafe Omid , Shakerian Farshad , Mohebbi Bahram , Alemzadeh‐Ansari Mohammad Javad , Firouzi Ata , Geraiely Babak , Abdi Seifollah 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimNoninvasive fractional flow reserve (NiFFR) is an emerging method for evaluating the functional significance of a coronary lesion during diagnostic coronary angiography (CAG). The method relies on the computational flow dynamics and the three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the vessel extracted from CAG. In the present study, we sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance and applicability of 2D‐based NiFFR.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we evaluated 2D‐based NiFFR in 279 candidates for invasive CAG and invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR). NiFFR was calculated via two methods: variable NiFFR, in which the contrast transport time was extracted from the angiographic view, and fixed NiFFR, in which a prespecified frame count was applied.ResultsThe final analysis was performed on 245 patients (250 lesions). Variable NiFFR had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 81.5%, an accuracy of 80.0%, a sensitivity of 82.2%, a specificity of 82.2%, a negative predictive value of 91.4%, and a positive predictive value of 63.6%. The mean difference between FFR and NiFFR was −0.0244 ±.0616 (p ≤.0001). A pressure wire‐free hybrid strategy was possible in 68.8% of our population with variable NiFFR.ConclusionsOur 2D‐based NiFFR yielded results comparable to those derived from 3D‐based software. Our findings should; however, be confirmed in larger trials.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Specific Iodine‐125‐Labeled TRPC5 Radioligand
Authors: Yu Yanbo , Liang Qianwa , Du Lixia , Jiang Hao , Gu Jiwei , Hu Hongzhen , Tu Zhude 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe nonselective Ca2+‐permeable transient receptor potential channel subfamily member 5 (TRPC5) belongs to the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) superfamily and is widely expressed in the brain. Compelling evidence reveals that TRPC5 plays crucial roles in depression and other psychiatric disorders. To develop a TRPC5 radioligand, following up on our previous effort, we synthesized the iodine compound TZ66127 and its iodine‐125‐labeled counterpart [125I]TZ66127. The synthesis of TZ66127 was achieved by replacing chloride with iodide in the structure of HC608, and the [125I]TZ66127 was radiosynthesized using its corresponding tributylstannylated precursor. We established a stable human TRPC5‐overexpressed HEK293‐hTRPC5 cell line and performed Ca2+ imaging and a cell‐binding assay study of TZ66127; these indicated that TZ66127 had good inhibition activity for TRPC5, and the inhibitory efficiency of TZ66127 toward TRPC5 presented in a dose‐dependent manner. An in vitro autoradiography and immunohistochemistry study of rat brain sections suggested that [125I]TZ66127 had binding specificity toward TRPC5. Altogether, [125I]TZ66127 has high potential to serve as a radioligand for screening the binding activity of other new compounds toward TRPC5. The availability of [125I]TZ66127 might facilitate the development of therapeutic drugs and PET imaging agents that target TRPC5.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrazoline and Pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione Hybrids as Potential Antitumor Agents
Authors: Tilekar Kalpana , Upadhyay Neha , Meyer‐Almes Franz‐Josef , Loiodice Fulvio , Anisimova Natalia Y. , Spirina Tatiana S. , Sokolova Darina V. , Smirnova Galina B. , Choe Jun‐yong , Pokrovsky Vadim S. , Lavecchia Antonio , S Ramaa C 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn search of novel and effective antitumor agents, pyrazoline‐substituted pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated in silico, in vitro and in vivo for anticancer efficacy. All the compounds exhibited remarkable cytotoxic effects in MCF7 and HT29 cells. The excellent antiproliferative activity toward MCF7 (IC50=0.78±0.01 μM), HT29 (IC50=0.92±0.15 μM) and K562 (IC50=47.25±1.24 μM) cell lines, prompted us to further investigate the antitumor effects of the best compound S2 (1‐(2‐(3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐5‐(p‐tolyl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐2‐oxoethyl)pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dione). In cell‐cycle analysis, S2 was found to disrupt the growth phases with increased cell population in G1/G0 phase and decreased cell population in G2/M phase. The excellent in vitro effects were also supported by inhibition of anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2. In vivo tumor regression studies of S2 in HT29 xenograft nude mice, exhibited equivalent and promising tumor regression with maximum TGI, 66 % (i. p. route) and 60 % (oral route) at 50 mg kg−1 dose by both the routes, indicating oral bioavailability and antitumor efficacy. These findings advocate that hybridization of pyrazoline and pyrrolidine‐2,5‐dioes holds promise for the development of more potent and less toxic anticancer agents.
Scouting around 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydrochromeno[3,2‐c]pyridin‐10‐ones for Single‐ and Multitarget Ligands Directed towards Relevant Alzheimer's Targets
Authors: Purgatorio Rosa , Kulikova Larisa N. , Pisani Leonardo , Catto Marco , de Candia Modesto , Carrieri Antonio , Cellamare Saverio , De Palma Annalisa , Beloglazkin Andrey A. , Reza Raesi Ghulam , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Altomare Cosimo D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA number of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrochromeno[3,2‐c]pyridin‐10‐one derivatives have been synthesized and screened against different targets involved in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as acetyl‐ and butyrylcholinesterase (AChE and BChE), monoamine oxidases A and B (MAO A and B), aggregation of β‐amyloid (Aβ) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Derivatives 1 c, 3 b, 4 and 5 a showed multifaceted profiles of promising anti‐AD features and returned well‐balanced multitargeting inhibitory activities. Moreover, compound 1 f, a potent and selective human MAO B inhibitor (IC50=0.89 μM), proved to be a safe neuroprotectant in a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH‐SY5Y) by improving viability impaired by Aβ1–42 and pro‐oxidant insult. Furthermore, structure–activity relationships (SARs) and docking models were derived in order to assist further hit‐to‐lead optimization stage.
Lignin Fractionation in Segmented Continuous Flow
Authors: Majdar Reza Ebrahimi , Crestini Claudia , Lange Heiko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLignins were fractionated in a segmented continuous flow fractionation (SCFF) approach using isocratic or gradient elution profiles of different solvent systems at various flow rates and temperatures against adjustable pressure regimes. Superior control of parameters such as temperature and pressure in combination with the possibility of freely combinable solvent gradients allowed facile fractionation and generation of industrially interesting fractions differing in molecular weight properties and/or in physicochemical properties in a process that could be fully remotely controlled for automation and performance. Scale‐up of the process was possible in linear and parallel mode. Analyses of the realised fractions by standardised gel permeation chromatography and 31P NMR spectroscopy protocols showed that the SCFF of lignins delivered fractions that could be similar to conventional batch fractions, as well as novel/altered fractions available by applying overheated solvents in pressurised systems.
A novel 12‐pulse full‐wave rectifier with simple circuit configuration
Authors: Wang Jingfang , Yao Xuliang , Guan Qi , Yang Shiyan 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a novel full‐wave 12‐pulse rectifier with simple circuit configuration is proposed. The proposed full‐wave 12‐pulse rectifier consists of a conventional six‐pulse full‐wave rectifier and an auxiliary single‐phase full‐bridge rectifier (ASFR). The ASFR extracts a rectangular current from the DC side of the rectifier to increase the output states of two three‐phase half‐wave rectifiers, then the conventional six‐pulse full‐wave rectifier is upgraded to a 12‐pulse full‐wave rectifier in accordance with the current relationship between AC and DC sides and the relationship between DC‐side voltages. Since only a low‐capacity ASFR (6.3% Pd) is needed, the proposed 12‐pulse rectifier has the least number of components count, making it robust and simple to implement. The average output current of ASFR is only 6.7% of the load current, which makes it more suitable for low‐voltage and high‐current applications. A prototype with a power of 1 kW is built to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Shifting the sampled input signal in successive approximation register analog‐to‐digital converters to reduce the digital‐to‐analog converter switching energy and area
Authors: Momeni Mahdi , Yavari Mohammad 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a switching scheme is presented to reduce the capacitive digital‐to‐analog converter (DAC) switching energy, area, and the number of switches in successive approximation register (SAR) analog‐to‐digital converters (ADCs). In the proposed DAC switching method, after a few most significant bits (MSBs) decision, the sampled differential input signal is shifted into two special regions where the required DAC switching energy and area is less than the other regions. This technique can be utilized in most of the previously reported DAC switching schemes to further reduce the capacitive DAC switching energy and area. The conventional and two recently presented DAC switching techniques are utilized in the proposed SAR ADC to evaluate its usefulness.
Dynamic and location‐based power allocation mechanism for inter‐cell interference mitigation in 5G heterogeneous cellular network
Authors: Borah Janmoni , Bora Joyatri 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a dynamic and location‐based power allocation mechanism is proposed which could be adopted at both macrocell (MC) and overlaid fixed/mobile small cells (SCs) to mitigate inter‐cell interference (ICI) effects in heterogeneous cellular networks (HetCNs). The proposed Dynamic Power Allocation based on User Location (DPAUL) mechanism allows both MCs and deployed fixed/mobile SCs to dynamically allocate transmit power to its serving base stations (BSs) based on the location of a user in the cell. The paper illustrates the mitigation of dynamic downlink interferences occurring due to the mobility of SCs and users. The mobility of cell and its users is analyzed by introducing the Cell‐User mobility (CUM) model in the network. The proposed DPAUL mechanism is compared with the authors' other ICI mitigation techniques: Dynamic Fixed Region Cooperation (DFRC) and Dynamic Power Allocation Mechanism (DPAM). The network metrics Sumrate, User throughput, Energy‐efficiency, and Outage probability are investigated with allocation of sub 6 GHz and mmWave spectrums at MCs and fSCs/mSCs, respectively.