bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prévision de l’energie digestible des aliments pour le porc : intérêt du dosage des parois végétales par voie enzymatique
Authors: PEREZ J.M. 
Published: August 2020

Dans le cadre d’un programme général de recherches sur la prévision de la valeur énergétique des aliments composés destinés au Porc, cette étude avait pour objet d’évaluer l’intérêt d’une nouvelle méthode rapide de dosage des parois végétales par voie enzymatique mise au point par l’INRA (PAR : Parois insolubles dans l’eau). L’expérimentation portait sur un ensemble de 43 régimes complexes, dont on a cherché en particulier à diversifier la nature des sources de fibres alimentaires. Les mesures de valeur énergétique (ED) ont été réalisées sur des porcs mâles castrés appartenant à la même gamme de poids (40 kg environ), à raison de quatre animaux par régime (172 bilans digestifs au total). Pour accroître la précision des résultats analytiques et la portée des équations de prédiction, les aliments expérimentaux ont fait l’objet de dosages répétés dans plusieurs laboratoires. Sur la base des critères classiques de sélection des équations (écart-type résiduel, R2), les modèles de prédiction mettant en jeu la variable PAR apparaissent dans l’ensemble les plus précis. Cependant, ils ne présentent pas d’avantage décisif par rapport aux modèles de prévision incluant la cellulose brute ou les résidus pariétaux selon Van Soest. Si on combine les erreurs liées aux modèles (ETR) et les erreurs associées aux analyses (SLAB), les équations avec PAR s’avèrent toujours préférables à celles utilisant les autres indicateurs de parois. Les meilleurs modèles faisant intervenir PAR aboutissent à des équations de prévision de l’énergie digestible dont l’incertitude totale (équation + analyses) n’excède pas 75 kcal par kg de matière sèche. L’équation 25 (Lipides, PAR, Cendres, MAT) s’avère la plus intéressante.
Remplacement partiel des protéines du lait par celles du blé ou du maïs dans les aliments d’allaitement : influence sur l’utilisation digestive chez le veau de boucherie
Authors: TOULLEC R. , GRONGNET J.F. , FLAGEUL H. , LAREYNIE J. , LUCAS P.M. 
Published: August 2020

Le but de cet essai était d’étudier l’influence du remplacement d’une partie des protéines du lait par celles du blé ou du maïs, sur la digestibilité de l’aliment et la rétention azotée, chez le veau de boucherie. Pour cela, 4 laits de remplacement (T, BV, BD et M) ont été distribués à des lots de 6 veaux entre les âges d’environ 4 et 19 semaines. Dans l’aliment T, les protéines étaient apportées en totalité par de la poudre de lait écrémé. Dans les autres aliments, 19 % des protéines étaient fournies soit par du gluten de blé vital (BV) ou dévitalisé (BD), soit par un concentrat protéique de maïs (M). La digestibilité apparente et la rétention azotée, mesurées au cours des 8e et 14e semaines d’âge, n’ont pas été significativement affectées par la nature des protéines de l’aliment : en moyenne, la digestibilité de l’azote a été de 0,95, 0,95, 0,95 et 0,93 pour les aliments T, BV, BD et M, respectivement. Les valeurs calculées ont été de 0,94, 0,93 et 0,86 pour la digestibilité de l’azote des produits BV, BD et M. Les veaux des lots BV, BD et M ont développé des anticorps systémiques contre les protéines étudiées. Cependant, aucune de ces dernières ne semble avoir entraîné de réactions allergiques. La dévitalisation n’a pas eu d’influence notable sur l’utilisation du gluten de blé par les animaux, mais elle a permis d’améliorer son maintien en suspension.
Pengembangan Media Paspop pada Materi SBdP di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Jabung
Authors: Rahayunita Cicilia Ika , Werdiningtyas Ratih Kartika 
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Teachers have difficulty in linking concepts between subjects to a theme, due to the lack of thematic learning media that can help teachers in linking concepts between subjects in SDN Sidorejo 2. Teachers need paspop learning media that can support students in learning to use thematic approaches (Language Indonesia, Natural Sciences and SBdP). The purpose of this study was to develop and analyze the influence of paspop media on SBdP material in class V. The research development of the media uses the four D method (define, design, develop and disseminate). The results of the validation of media experts and material experts were 87.50% and 88% with very decent criteria. Data attractiveness of the media for students scored with a percentage of 91% categorized very well. Student learning outcomes using the media Bapang mask postpop stated that students who completed totaled 28 with a percentage of 87.5%.
Abstrak: Guru kesulitan dalam mengaitkan konsep antar mata pelajaran pada suatu tema, karena kurang tersedianya media pembelajaran tematik yang dapat membantu guru dalam mengaitkan suatu konsep antar mata pelajaran di SDN Sidorejo 2. Guru membutuhkan media pembelajaran paspop yang dapat mendukung siswa dalam belajar menggunakan pendekatan tematik (Bahasa Indonesia, IPA dan SBdP). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan dan menganalisis pengaruh media paspop pada materi SBdP di kelas V. Penelitian pengembangan media tersebut menggunakan metode four D (define, design, develop dan disseminate). Hasil validasi ahli media dan ahli materi sebesar 87,50% dan 88% dengan kriteria sangat layak. Data kemenarikan media bagi siswa memperoleh nilai dengan persentase 91% berkategori sangat baik. Hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan media paspop topeng Bapang menyatakan bahwa siswa yang tuntas berjumlah 28 dengan persentase 87,5%.
Penerapan Teori Belajar Van Hiele Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pokok Bahasan Luas Persegi, Persegi Panjang, Dan Segitiga
Authors: Pratiwi Farisia , Sugiarti Titik , Hutama Fajar Surya 
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Kepatihan 05 Jember melalui penerapan teori belajar van Hiele. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan sebanyak dua siklus. Setiap tindakan meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, tes hasil belajar, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IVA SDN Kepatihan 05 Jember yang berjumlah 28 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase aktivitas belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I menunjukkan hasil sebesar 56,29 persen dengan kriteria cukup, sedangkan pada siklus II sebesar 76,66 persen dengan kriteria baik. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa juga mengalami peningkatan. Pada siklus I menunjukkan hasil sebesar 55,74 dengan kriteria cukup, sedangkan pada siklus II sebesar 75,71 dengan kriteria baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan teori belajar van Hiele dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IVA SDN Kepatihan 05 Jember.
Slow Release of Surfactant Using Silica Nanosized Capsules
Authors: Alsmaeil Ahmed W. , Enotiadis Apostolos , Hammami Mohammed A. , Giannelis Emmanuel P. 
Published: August 2020

Summary
Engineering and scaling-up nanocarriers for the controlled release of surfactant are imperative for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Herein, using silica-based nanosized porous capsules to slowly release surfactant in saline water is reported. The results indicate that the silica shell ensures the stability of the protected surfactants in the cores under harsh conditions. Almost negligible release was noticed in salt-free brine [deionized (DI) water]. In saline brine, the particles slowly released surfactant molecules. Forty-six percent of the total surfactant encapsulated was released after 12 days as quantified by the remaining organic content after mixing with brine. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirms the stability of the surfactant incorporated particles in saline water that contains 56 000 mg/L salts.
Fractional Flow Behaviour and Transport Mechanisms During Low salinity and Protein Enzyme Bio-surfactant EOR Flooding
Authors: Morgan Anthony , Akanji Lateef , Udoh Tinuola , Mohammed Shaibu , Anumah Prosper , Kyeremeh Sarkodie Justice 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The focal point of this project is to investigate and assess the potentiality of an enhanced waterflooding process by a naturally generated surfactant (Protein-Enzyme bio-surfactant). The effect of low salinity (LSW), and LSW combined with a bio-surfactant (Protein-Enzyme) in a tertiary mode flooding comparatively. A high salinity water (HS) (0.75 M) was used to flood in the secondary mode after aging the crude saturated core with an initial water saturation of 19%, a recovery of 68.15% oil initially in place (OIIP) was recovered until no further recovery. Upon flooding with a LSW (90% dilution of HS), a further incremental recovery of 11.1% OIIP was produced. Enhancing the LSW with bio-surfactant in a third flooding sequence, an additional 3.75% OIIP was recovered. Analysing the mechanism of LSW bio-surfactant with fractional flow, a high recovery of 0.583 PV (pore volumes) at breakthrough was estimated. Thus, an alteration in ionic strength (salinity) by a 90% dilution and combination of bio-surfactant, saw an incremental recovery, which indicates the potential of LSW bio-surfactant on recovery of residual oil saturation.
Water Injection in Complex Geology: A Case Study of a Field in the Niger Delta
Authors: Ihebuzor Valentine , Onyeneke Obinna , Obasi Ogbonnaya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Water injection is a secondary recovery mechanism often initiated when the primary drive of a reservoir / field is not enough to maintain pressure. Injected Water supports the pressure of the reservoir through voidage replacement, which in the process stimulates production by displacing oil from the reservoir towards the well. Apart from the objective of maintaining pressure and enhancing production, water injection can also be employed as a means of produced water disposal. However, most water injection projects fail on account of poor reservoir conceptualization in the modeling process, the skill of the evaluator, complex geology leading to poor sweep efficiency, water compatibility problems leading to scaling and failure of surface equipment. This paper showcases how a water injection project failed due to poor understanding of the reservoir / field geology, the lessons learnt and what was done differently to successfully conceptualize and execute another water injection project in the same field. To understand the reason why the water injection project failed, attributes were extracted, a conceptual static model was developed, and pressure plots were made, which allude to stratigraphic compartmentalization and poor positioning of the injector as the main culprit. Three (3) scenarios were tested, considering the geologic complexity of the reservoir. Scenario 3 shows a recovery factor of 48.1% and a recoverable volume of about 25.4MMSTB and was adjudged the best development scenario for the reservoir.
A Comparative Analysis of Upward and Downward Pressure Gradient Behaviour in Vertical Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Flows in a Large Diameter Pipe Facility
Authors: Almabrok Almabrok Abushanaf , Aliyu Aliyu M. , Baba Yahaya D. , Ribeiro Joseph X. , Archibong-Eso Archibong , Lao Liyun , Yeung Hoi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Pressure gradient (PG) is vital in the design/operation of process equipment e.g. in determining pumping requirements and has direct effect on capital and running costs. Here, we report a gas–liquid experimental study using a large diameter pipeline system. Pressure was measured at two locations of each section of the upward and downward flowing sections. PG was then determined for a wide range of superficial velocities: usg = 0–30 m/s and usl = 0.07–1.5 m/s. We found varying trends in pressure gradient behaviour between upward and downward flow under similar conditions: from bubbly to annular flow. We give a theoretical account due to the different physical mechanisms. PG values based on prevailing conditions and flow direction were compared. We show that the satisfactory prediction of PG is highly dependent on flow direction and limits of experimental conditions. These factors can have important implications for the design and operation of fluid pipelines in the process, nuclear and oil and gas industries.
Mineralogical Characterization of Ririwai Biotite and its Weighting Effect on Drilling Mud Rheology
Authors: Salahudeen Nurudeen , Mohammed Umar , Yahya Muftahu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of application of a locally mined drilling mud weighting agent from Ririwai in Doguwa Local Government Area of Kano State. Mineralogical characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The specific gravity of the material was determined using density bottle apparatus. Water-based drilling mud was prepared using commercial bentonite according to the API 13A Standard. Effect of gradual addition of Ririwai weighting agent; 0 – 100 wt%, on the mud density and rheological property were studied. XRD analysis showed that the material was biotite mineral. The specific gravity of the Ririwai biotite was determined as 2.40. The optimum composition of the drilling mud was 40 wt% Ririwai biotite as weighting agent. The optimum composition gave mud density and plastic viscosity of 9.0 lb/gal and 3 cp respectively. At the optimum composition, the weighting agent increased the mud density by 2.3% while the plastic viscosity decreased by 50%.
Reservoir Characterization, Machine Learning and Big Data – An Offshore California Case Study
Authors: Ojukwu Chima , Smith Kevin , Kadkhodayan Nadia , Leung Mark , Baldwin Kimberly 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In order to robustly characterize a reservoir and make reservoir management decisions, it is paramount that an integrated and comprehensive study use all available static and dynamic data including petrophysical, geological, geophysical, engineering, and production data sets. These large vintage data sets are often available but are typically underutilized because of poor data management practices and lack of forward-looking data strategies.
This paper presents the results of a supervised classification machine learning (ML) algorithm that accurately identifies reservoir quality associated with the most favorable production trends. The algorithm was trained and tested using log curves, seismic attributes, production, and sidewall core sample data sets.
Lessons learned show the importance of managing data in a way that is complementary to machine learning. In addition, a flexible and forward-looking data strategy provides for rapid and efficient evaluation of reservoir characteristics. These quantitative machine learning results can be factored into field development strategies and help optimize efficiency and capital allocation. Integrating this machine learning workflow supports resource conservation efforts by ensuring optimal production of offshore hydrocarbon resources while minimizing impacts to the environment.
The Impact of Corporate Governance on the Development of Marginal Oil Fields in Nigeria
Authors: Oruwari Humphrey Otombosoba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nigeria position in the international financial landscape, especially in terms of the good governance is affecting business negatively in the country. The study evaluates the impact of corporate governance on the development of marginal oil field in Nigeria. The qualitative method of data collection through literature review and case study were used in the study. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed that good governance is positively related to the development of marginal oil field. This is because good corporate governance increases investor’s confidence and transparency in the award of marginal oil field contract. Transparency has three-sided paradigm, openness, acceptability, and inclusion or participation. The practical significance of the study is that it will act as planning tool for decision makers. The study established several recommendations namely provision of enabling environment, adequate legal and regulating frame work and good governance.
Multivariate Analytics on Economic Impact of Oil and Gas Price Swing: Nigerian Outlook
Authors: Abdulkadir Usman , Abdullahi Mohammed , Abubakar Mahmud 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Oil prices have fallen dramatically to the average range of USD $30 to $60 per barrel and are expected to stay in this average range through 2015 and beyond. Historically, crude oil producing countries seemed to be more concerned on the risks and uncertainties associated with fluctuations in crude oil price economic wise globally. This was evident both in times of rising and falling price, imposing serious challenges to them. Moreover, Natural gas also contributes to Nigeria’s GDP resulting from global industrialization and more swing from crude oil price. The implications of these swings significantly influence the economy of the country in question (Nigeria), shaping the narrative around it.
Statistical methods are distinctive in their ability to provide insights into correlations where thresholds exist, building a predictive statistical data-driven model for analyzing the economic impact of swings in crude oil and gas prices with corresponding output has been of great interest in the oil and gas producing countries primarily because of its successful implementation in several industries. The analytics behind the predictive models are described through mathematical functions that rely on monthly and yearly averaged spot oil and gas prices and total oil and gas produced from 2015 to 2019 data range. This research work evaluates the extent to which these variations on crude oil and gas prices with respect to their production effects on Nigerian economy thereby impose a need for a well fitted analytical model for future forecasting based on statistics. The Statistical-analysis tool used to clean and examine the data sets were Multiple Linear Regression Analysis (MLRA) coupled with analysis of variance (ANOVA) where calculations took place in data analysis add-ins tool pack of Microsoft office Excel work sheets using the functions set out by the methodology. Thorough analysis of the results showed that some of the models build to be highly fitted and statistically significant, evident from R-squared values, adjusted R-Squared, standard errors, other hypothesis and statistical assumptions detailed in the results and analysis shows that the basic objective of this research work is achieved.
OML-42 Ramp Up: Reaping Low Hanging Fruits, Pitfalls and Gains
Authors: Awani Oludewa , Owarume Michael , Oton Enoto , Ezuka Ifeanyi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Production ramp-up from aging assets poses several challenges, substantial oil gains and attendant learnings.
The scenario for OML-42 was complicated by prolonged production shutdown, associated wells and facility vandalization occasioned by over nine (9) years shutdown by the former operator. Most wells were illegally operated and mis-managed by oil saboteurs during the nine years shutdown.
On acquisition of OML-42, the new investor conducted sequential field Re-entry activities, facilities repair, wells revamp and aggressive production ramp-up campaigns in the fields within OML-42, to minimize Re-entry cost, optimize production and profit.
This paper focuses on production ramp-up initiatives deployed in OML-42 fields to grow production from a pre-reentry rate of50kbopd to 70kbopd, without any rig-based activity. It also elaborates unfamiliar difficulties and learnings derived from the ramp-up campaigns.
Formulation of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids for Methane Hydrate Dissociation
Authors: Sulaimon Aliyu Adebayo , Masri Asiah Nusaibah , Shahpin M. Hazri , Salleh Intan Khalida , Sulaimon Abdul-Azeez Oladimeji , Bello Kelani Olafinhan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Formation of gas hydrates in oil and gas production systems constitutes a major flow assurance challenge and the consequences to the smooth production operation could be catastrophic. Recently, there is a shift of focus from total hydrate prevention to risk management which is more economical with reduced storage and injection facilities. Therefore, we have formulated two novel imidazolium-based Ionic Liquids (IM-based ILs) for thermodynamic methane hydrate inhibition. Heating, insulation, and addition of thermodynamic or kinetic inhibitors are strategies to prevent hydrate formation. The COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Realistic Solvents (COSMO-RS) was used to screen and rank several potential IM-based ILs based on their hydrogen bonding energies. 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium glutamate (EMIM-GMT), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium glutamate (BMIM-GMT) and 1-(3-cyanopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium glutamate (CPMIM-GMT) with hydrogen bonding energies of −62.01 KJ/mol, −61.46 KJ/mol and −67.21KJ/mol respectively were selected and synthesised for performance evaluation. Methane gas of 99.995% purity was used with deionised water to conduct thermodynamic dissociation tests using the SETARAM micro-Differential calorimetry (μDSC 7 Evo-1A). The μDSC was calibrated by comparing the offset dissociation temperature data of deionised water with published data from the literature. Thereafter, the dissociation profiles were obtained at pressures 30, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 bars. Results show that for 0.1wt% of the three IM-based ILs, the dissociation temperature increases with pressure and a good thermodynamic inhibition with temperature shift in the range from 0.87 to 1.14°C was observed. The EMIM-GMT achieved the highest geometric average temperature shift of 1.14°C while the CPMIM-GMT and BMIM-GMT shifted the hydrate dissociation envelop by 0.91°C and 0.87°C respectively. Thus, the thermodynamic inhibition performance of EMIM-GMT is better than most of the current EMIM- and BMIM- Halide groups of IM-based ILs with the individual and combined average shift of less than 1.0°C. In this study, we have shown that the effectiveness of an IM-based IL as a thermodynamic methane hydrate inhibitor is largely a function of its hydrogen bonding energy between the water molecule and the IL ions. The relative order of performance of the three IM-based glutamate ILs is EMIM &gt; CPMIM &gt; BMIM.
Post-Drill Pore Pressure and Fracture Gradient Analyses of Y-Field in the Offshore Tano Basin of Ghana
Authors: Ahedor Moses Kofi-Nani , Anumah Prosper , Sarkodie-Kyeremeh Justice 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A post-drill pore pressure and fracture gradient analyses were conducted on a field in the Tano Basin of Ghana with the primary objective of predicting as accurately as possible the pore pressure, fracture pressure and the overburden pressure from the well logs data of two wells. The wells were drilled offshore in water depths of about 95.4 m and 124.4 m.
Eaton's method coupled with depth-dependent Normal Compaction Trendlines (NCT) and Mathews and Kelly method were used in determining the pore pressure and fracture gradient. The results indicate that average pore pressure gradient, fracture pressure gradient and overburden pressure gradient for the first well are 1.423 psi/m (8.34ppg), 3.514psi/m (20.6ppg) and 4.299psi/m (25.2ppg) respectively whiles values for the second well are 1.423psi/m (8.34ppg), 3.85psi/m (21ppg) and 4.299psi/m (25.2ppg) respectively. These values were predicted to be required to maintain the stability of the wells using accurate mud weight.