bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piloter dans une société en changement
Authors: Gather Thurler Monica 
Published: October 2020

Dans la plupart des systèmes scolaires, le pilotage revient aux cadres scolaires (collaborateurs des directions générales, chefs d’établissements, directeurs des institutions de formation des enseignants), qui sont censés exercer un leadership déterminant dans le développement de ces systèmes. En même temps, le raisonnement sur leur rôle et fonction reste encore trop souvent limité à quelques principes généraux, reliés à leur position dans une structure hiérarchique et à leur travail prescrit dans les cahiers de charge (lorsque ceux-ci existent), n’est que rarement fondé sur une analyse approfondie de leur travail réel. Or, d’un pays à l’autre, voire d’une région à l’autre dans les pays fédéralistes, celui-ci diffère selon les législations et les orientations politiques, mais également selon la culture professionnelle prépondérante. De fait, leur manière d’exercer un leadership revêtira des fonctionnements et des formes très divers: ils se trouveront tantôt dans la position d’un décideur solitaire, dans celle d’un membre d’une équipe de direction ou encore dans celle d’un primus inter pares au sein d’une équipe pédagogique. A ces variations s’ajoutent un certain nombre d’aspects dont on ne mesure pas toujours les conséquences: la plupart des cadres scolaires ont au préalable été enseignants eux-mêmes, ce qui implique une certaine «complicité» avec celles et ceux qu’ils sont désormais censés diriger. Ils succèdent toujours à quelqu’un et, à un certain moment, cèdent leur place à quelqu’un d’autre; ils seront donc dans l’obligation d’assurer une certaine continuité tout en démontrant leur capacité de laisser leur «empreinte» pendant leur passage. Enfin, ils représentent l’autorité, qui leur délègue du pouvoir; ils doivent donc «montrer patte blanche », se soumettre à une culture institutionnelle, à une conception du rôle du ministère, des autorités politiques locales ou régionales, dont le rôle et l’influence varient d’un pays et d’un système scolaire à l’autre.Pour lancer le débat sur la problématique du leadership qui se trouve au centre de ce congrès de la SSRE, je prendrai le parti de lier la fonction des cadres scolaires soit au fonctionnement ordonné du système éducatif, soit à sa modernisation continue. Et tenterai de montrer qu’en vertu de l’écart de moins en moins acceptable entre les objectifs déclarés de l’école et ses résultats, la composante de l’innovation semble ici prioritaire. Dans cette perspective, diriger dans une société en changement, c’est piloter des transformations incessantes, qu’elles soient impulsées par l’évolution de la demande sociale, les inflexions des politiques de l’éducation, le renouvellement des savoirs, voire les exigences des nouveaux publics scolaires, culturelles et économiques.
Physik und Physis – Fachdidaktische Wechselwirkungen
Authors: Müller Andreas 
Published: October 2020

Eine auf der konzeptuellen und epistemologischen Ebene begründete doppelte Spannung zwischen Physik und Physis führt auf genuin didaktische Fragen: Zum einen die Spannung kognitiver Art, die durch die «Entkörperlichung», die starke Abstraktion in der Physik entsteht. Zum anderen die Entsinnlichung, die mit der Preisgabe des physischen Körpers einhergeht, woraus grosse Schwierigkeiten auf der motivationalen Ebene resultieren. Diese Fragen werden unter Bezug auf mehrere fachdidaktische und pädagogisch-psychologische Forschungslinien unter dem Leitgedanken «Der Körper als Lernkontext der Physik: Selbst- und Lebensweltbezug» für die motivationalen Aspekte, und unter dem Leitgedanken «Der Körper als Lernmedium der Physik: «Schème Moteur», operationale Intelligenz, kinästhetisches Feedback» für die kognitiven Aspekte diskutiert, und daraus Perspektiven für Forschung und Unterricht entwickelt.
La perméabilité des sphères éducatives et de socialisation: l’exemple du bénévolat des jeunes
Authors: Weber Guisan Saskia , Cortessis Sandrine 
Published: October 2020

Cet article repose sur les résultats d’une recherche portant sur le développement de compétences chez les bénévoles de 16 à 25 ans. Le corpus de cette recherche qualitative comprend les transcriptions de 41 entretiens semi-directifs. Cette contribution propose de mobiliser les notions d’alternance, d’altérité, d’étonnement et de boundary crossing pour comprendre la place et le rôle que prend l’activité bénévole des jeunes parmi les autres sphères de leur existence. Nous analysons ici neuf témoignages tirés de ce corpus pour rendre compte de la manière dont ces jeunes négocient des passages, des ouvertures, ou au contraire érigent des frontières entre leur sphère de bénévolat, leur sphère de formation et leur sphère professionnelle. Les résultats montrent que sous certaines conditions, le bénévolat peut être considéré comme un lieu d’apprentissage informel offrant des ressources en termes de développement de compétences, de construction identitaire et de projection de soi.
Effect of phosphorus and potassium on the growth and yield of French bean
Authors: Karim Saedy , Uddin F. M. Jamil , Rashid Harun Or , Hadiuzzaman Mohammad 
Published: October 2020

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the yield response of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by phosphorus and potassium management. The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A: Phosphorus fertilizer (4 levels) viz. P1=15Kg P ha-1, P2=20 Kg P ha-1 and P3=25 Kg P ha-1 , P4=35 Kg P ha-1 and factor B: Potassium fertilizer (4 levels) viz. K1=0 Kg K ha-1, K2=20 Kg K ha-1, K3=30 Kg K ha-1 and K4=40 Kg K ha-1. The variety BARI Jharsheem-3 was used in this experiment as the test crop. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. In case of phosphorus @ 25 kg ha-1 the highest number of pods plant-1 (4.96), pod length (13.34 cm), number of seeds pod-1 (4.54), weight of 1000-seed (431.21 g), seed yield (1.33 t ha-1), stover yield (1.53 t ha-1), biological yield (2.86 t ha-1) and harvest index 46.50% were found. In case of potassium @ 40 kg ha-1, he highest number of pods plant-1 (5.80), pod length (14.89 cm), number of seeds pod-1 (4.24), weight of 1000-seed (430.37 g), seed yield (1.53 t ha-1 ), stover yield (1.46 t ha-1 ), biological yield (2.99 t ha-1) and harvest index 51.17% were found. Interaction effect of phosphorus and potassium the highest number of pods plant-1 (5.18), pod length (13.40 cm), number of seeds pod-1 (4.30), weight of 1000-seed (430.53 g), seed yield (1.40 t ha-1 ), stover yield (1.60 t ha-1 ), biological yield (3.00 t ha-1 ) and harvest index 46.66% were recorded from P @ 25 kg ha-1 and K @ 40 kg ha-1. However, from the study it can be concluded that application of P @ 25 kg ha-1 and K @ 40 kg ha-1 was the most suitable combination for better yield of French bean.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE INDEX CARD MATCH TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KONSEP KOMPONEN EKOSISTEM
Authors: Rahmawati Susi , Dadi Dadi 
Published: October 2020

This study aim to determine the effect of the implementation of Cooperative Learning Model of Index Card Match Type on Student Activity and Learning Outcomes in the Sub Material of Ecosystem Components. This research method is a quasi experiment with two groups pretest posttest design. The technique of determining the sample using purposive sampling. The samples used are class X-10 and class X-3. The research instrument used observation sheets in the form of rubrics for learning activities and multiple choice questions for student learning outcomes tests. Analysis of the data used is the t test and Wilcoxon test for student learning activities. The results of the study concluded that there was an effect of the application of Cooperative Learning Model of Index Card Match Type to the activities and student learning outcomes in the Sub Material of Ecosystem Components. Keywords: cooperative learning model of index card match type, learning activities, learning outcomes.
KESULITAN SISWA SMP KELAS VIII DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL SISTEM PERSAMAAN LINIER DUA VARIABEL (SPLDV)
Authors: Paujiah Siti Rohmah , Zanthy Luvy Sylviana 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesulitan siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan soal Sistem Persamaan Linier Dua Variabel (SPLDV). Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah 13 orang siswa kelas VIII salah satu SMP swasta di Kabupaten Cianjur. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes uraian yang terdiri dari 5 butir soal. Pengumpulan data juga dilengkapi dengan wawancara terhadap subjek untuk melacak kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan tes yang diberikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal materi SPLDV adalah kesulitan dalam menggunakan sifat-sifat pertambahan dan perkalian pada persamaan, kesulitan menentukan lambang-lambang yang membentuk SPLDV, kesulitan menentukan hasil akhir, dan kesulitan dalam melakukan operasi pada bilangan. Faktor yang menyebabkan kesulitan-kesulitan tersebut adalah terburu-buru dalam menjawab soal, kurang teliti, lupa rumus, tidak memahami soal, dan salah mengoperasikan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, nilai rata-rata persentase dari keseluruhan soal yang diberikan kepada siswa kelas VIII tergolong rendah.
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA SISWA SMP DI KOTA CIREBON BERDASARKAN STANDAR TIMSS
Authors: Munaji Munaji , Setiawahyu Mochammad Iman 
Published: October 2020

Skor siswa Indonesia dalam Trend International in Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) berada pada posisi bawah. Namun demikian belum ada hasil penelitian pada posisi mana siswa di Kota Cirebon saat ini dalam skor TIMSS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil kemampuan matematika siswa SMP di Kota Cirebon berdasarkan standar TIMSS. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei model cross-sectional survey. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik simple random sampling, dengan subyeknya siswa kelas VIII SMP sebanyak 676 siswa dari sekolah negeri dan swasta. Pengumpulan data kemampuan matematika dilakukan dengan memberikan tes matematika model TIMSS yang telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata skor kemampuan matematika siswa SMP di Kota Cirebon mencapai 498, lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan rata-rata skor TIMSS secara nasional yang mencapai 386. Namun sedikit lebih rendah dari skor TIMSS internasional yang mencapai skor 500. Berdasarkan perbedaan gender, siswa perempuan di Kota Cirebon lebih baik dibandingkan siswa laiki-laki baik ditinjau dari level kemampuan matematika maupun ditinjau dari domain TIMSS. Kemampuan matematika siswa SMP di Kota Cirebon masih perlu ditingkatkan lagi terutama pada domain applying dan reasoning.
An Etiological and Clinicopathological Study of Breast Lump in Rajasthan, India, with Special Reference to Carcinoma Breast
Authors: Singh Ganpat , Kishore Lalit , Choudhary Amit , Yagnik Vipul D , Dawka Sushil 
Published: October 2020

Objectives:Carcinoma of the breast is the most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide; in Indian women, it is second only to cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to study the etiological and clinicopathological features of patients presenting with a breast lump in the desert city of Jodhpur, India, with special reference to breast cancer.Material and Methods:This was a retrospective study that involved 648 patients over a 5-year period from 2011 to 2015 in Jodhpur city, Rajasthan.Results:The most common type of lump encountered was fibroadenoma (53.6%) followed by malignancy (51.7%). Of breast cancers, 99.1% were in females with a preponderance in premenopausal women (56.1%). The most affected age group was the fifth decade. Only 11.9% of cases presented within 1 month and 3.75% had a history exceeding 4 years. Lump size was more than 15 cm in 3.07% and <1 cm in 2.7%, with most situated in the upper outer quadrant (54.2%). Most of the patients were in tumor-node-metastasis Stage II (45.4%); the reported mortality rate was 4.1% and recurrence rate was 2.97%. Infiltrating duct carcinoma constituted the majority (86.7%) of cases. Modified radical mastectomy was the most performed procedure (37.2%) and the most favored chemotherapy regimen was CMF. Gynecomastia constituted 2.6% of all breast lumps, while tuberculosis made up 0.46%.Conclusion:Our results show that the patterns of breast disease are in keeping with the demography of the region. However, clinical presentation appears to be strongly influenced by sociocultural factors such as ignorance, taboos and parity, as well as rural habitation and access to health care. We emphasize the need for proper documentation, especially a cancer registry.
A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF SELECTED TREATMENT MODALITY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VATA KANTAKA
Authors: MPN Pramodani , WJ Wickramarachchi 
Published: October 2020

Walking in irregular or uneven ground, Structural deformity of foot, Excessive strain on heels etc lead to vitiation of Vata dosha. Aggravated Vata is lodged in ankle joint, especially in dependent parts like heel and hence the pain is caused due to reduced strength of muscles and joints. ‘Kantaka’ refers to thorn. The pricking pain felt due to vitiated Vata is termed as Vata kantaka. This condition is usually seen in the case with calcaneus spur. Symptoms are Pain in heel and surrounding region. Pain is more evident soon after waking up in the morning and if the patient stands up, After a long rest and Increase in heel pain on standing for long time, running and walking. According to previous researches Planter heel pain is the most prevalent complaint to presenting foot and ankle specialists and may be seen in upwards of 11 % to 15% of adults. So it is the need of hour to focus effective practices which yields good results. In the present study thirty patients were selected and treated with Pinda Thaila Abyanga, Rasnadi sweda followed by application of Hinguadi lepa mentioned in Traditional medicine in Sri Lanka, daily for one month. The assessment was carried out on the basis of relief found in the cardinal signs and symptoms of the disease adopting scoring, depending upon their severity. Significant reduction in pain was seen at the end of the study with P value of < 0.05. Also there was reduction in other symptoms such as cracks, pruritus, burning sensation and laxity of skin over the foot .There were no adverse effects reported during the study. Therefore it can be concluded that the selected treatment modality is beneficial in managing Vata kantaka.
RELEVANCE OF MID DAY MEAL PROGRAMME WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO LOCAL BODY SCHOOLS OF DURG AND BHILAI TOWN
Authors: Tiwari Rashmi 
Published: October 2020

In India illiteracy is one of the major problems of Indian society. There are many programmes/schemes/projects are run by the central and state governments which meant to increase in literacy. Therefore Mid-day meal programme was introduced in 1995 with one of the aim to increase in enrollment of children in primary schools. In many evaluative studies of MDMP by the government, it is claimed that enrollment of children has increased drastically and still it is one of reasons for increase in enrollment. To evaluate the programmme, that still after more than 20 years when socio-economic scenario of the Indian society has changed the, MDMP is still equally relevant and effective for increase in enrollment, the researcher is selected 10 -10 local body schools of Durg and Bhilai towns. In local body schools of Durg a women Self Help Group "Sakhi Saheli" has been supplying the cooked food while in Bhilai "Akshay Patra Foundation" has been supplying meal. 10 children from 5th to 8th standard have been selected from each school. The primary tool of data collection is an Interview schedule. Data analysis showed that most of the children are willing to come to school even if government would have discontinue MDMP i.e. it is no longer the reason for increase in enrollment and regular attendance in schools.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A CONVENTIONAL AIR HEATER
Authors: Shankar Gade Bhavani , Kishore P.S. 
Published: October 2020

Solar energy constitutes one of the main alternatives for facing the energy problems of the future. Solar air heaters are used for applications at low and moderate temperatures. Such as crop drying, timber seasoning, space heating, and drying agriculture products. Artificial geometry applied on the absorber plate is the very efficient method to improve thermal performance of solar air heaters. The thermal efficiency of solar air heaters is generally poor due to low heat transfer coefficient between the absorber plate and air flowing in the collector. Thermal performance of the conventional solar air heater was studied under varying solar and ambient conditions in different months. At day time the solar heating system stored the thermal solar energy as sensible and latent heat. A parametric study was done for 10 months for the climatic conditions of Visakhapatnam. The effect of change in the tilt angle, length and breadth of a collector and mass flow rate on the temperature of collector has been studied. The length of the collector is 2.1m and width of the collector is 1.1 m. the performance analysis of system shows potential of improving the thermal efficiency range is 31% to 47% .From the obtained results, graphs are drawn to assess the performance analysis of a conventional air heater.
FORECASTING ELECTIONS: DO PREDICTION MARKETS TELLS US ANYTHING MORE THAN THE POLLS?
Authors: Davis Brent 
Published: October 2020

Election forecasting is an expanding domain within political science, moving from the outer edges (as a novelty pursued by a few ‘quants’) toward the mainstream of the discipline. Amongst the most high profile of election forecasting techniques are prediction markets and vote-intention polls. While the weight of scholarly opinion appears to favour prediction markets over polls for election forecasting, there remain challengers and critics.
This article joins with the challengers and the critics, looking at whether this ‘horse race’ competition between election forecasting approaches is valid. Using data from the 2013 Australian federal election, we conclude such comparisons-of-forecasts are misplaced in the Australian context, as prediction markets and vote-intention polls appear to be independent of each other given information from one appears to have no impact on the other.
Granulometria e teores de carbono e nitrogênio em solo sob sistemas integrados de produção
Authors: Sampaio Augusto César Falcão , Silva Edgley Soares , Vale Júnior José Frutuoso , Silva Edmilson Evangelista , Santos Bruna Rufino , Oliveira Rafaela Figueiredo 
Published: October 2020

Os sistemas integrados de produção são alternativas de conservação dos recursos naturais e tem por essência incluir culturas anuais e espécies silviculturais juntamente com pastagens em mesma área, cujo uma das finalidades é de melhorar os atributos do solo. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a granulometria e teores de carbono e nitrogênio de solos sob sistemas integrados de produção em ecossistema amazônico. O estudo foi realizado no período de novembro de 2015 a agosto de 2016, no município de Iracema, estado de Roraima, Brasil. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4x2x2 com quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas quatro áreas: (integração Lavoura-Pecuária, integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta, floresta nativa e uma área de pastagem extensiva), duas profundidades do solo: (0-10 e 10-20 cm), em duas épocas: (seca e chuvosa). A granulometria revelou que são solos de textura média a argilosa, com a argila aumentando em profundidade. O solo estudado foi classificado em ARGISSOLO AMARELO Distrófico. No período chuvoso os teores de carbono e nitrogênio do solo nas diferentes áreas e profundidades não sofrem alteração. No perído seco os sistemas de integração Lavoura-Pecuária e Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta apresentam os maiores teores de carbono orgânico total. A floresta nativa apresenta maior aporte de nitrogênio lábil em período seco.
Controle de cupins (Nasutitermes sp.) com uso da tintura de hortelã (Plectranthus amboinicus L.)
Authors: Costa Paulo Marks de Araújo , Silva Matusael Douglas Andrade da , Dos Santos Mylene Bezerril 
Published: October 2020

Os cupins (Nasutitermes sp), em agroecossistemas desequilibrados, causam prejuízos econômicos, ecológicos e sociais aos agricultores, principalmente nas espécies de plantas arbóreas. Muitas vezes os agricultores sem alternativas para o controle, fazem uso do desmatamento de espécies de plantas arbóreas ou uso descontrolado de agrotóxicos, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de alternativas naturais e de baixo custo para o controle. Objetivou-se utilizar a tintura de hortelã (Plectranthus amboinicus (L.)) em diferentes concentrações para o controle de cupins. Os tratamentos foram: Tratamento 1 (10mL de água); Tratamento 2 (0,5mL de extrado + 9,5mL de água); Tratamento 3 (1mL de extrato + 9mL de água); Tratamento 4 (1,5mL de extrato + 8,5mL de água); Tratamento 5 (2mL de extrato + 8mL de água). Foram utilizados 15 cupins jovens por tratamento. As avaliações foram realizadas 24 horas; 72 horas e 120 horas após início do experimento. O tratamento 2 foi eficaz para o controle. O extrato de hortelã é eficaz para o controle de cupins.
Molecular Characterization and Expression Analysis of Toll-like Receptor 9 Gene in Turbot, Scophthalmus Maximus
Authors: Wang Guanjie , Li Xuepeng , Liu Qiuming , Dong Xianzhi , Hu Guobin 
Published: October 2020

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have emerged as key sensors of invading microbes by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activating innate immune responses. TLR9 functions as a pattern-recognition receptor that recognizes unmethylated CpG motifs in bacterial and viral DNA. In this study, the full cDNA and genomic sequences of tlr9 in Scophthalmus maximus (smtlr9) were identified and characterized. The full-length cDNA of smtlr9 was of 3754 bp encoding a polypeptide of 1066 amino acid residues. The genome sequence of smtlr9 was composed of 4083 nucleotides, including three exons and two introns. The putative Smtlr9 protein was characterized by a signal peptide sequence, a leucine-rich repeat domain (LRD) containing 15 leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), a transmembrane region, and a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. The putative protein shows the highest sequence identity (36.0~73.6%) to human and fish TLR9s. Phylogenetic analysis grouped Smtlr9 with other teleost Tlr9s. The smtlr9 mRNA was constitutively expressed in all tissues examined, with the highest level in the head kidney and kidney. The smtlr9 transcription level was up-regulated by ODN2395 in the muscle, head kidney, spleen, and gills.
The Teaching Reform Plan of Environmental Design Curriculum in Chinese Universities and Colleges
Authors: Zhou Yilin 
Published: October 2020

Environmental design is a highly applied specialty. Based on this application principle, teaching practice urgently needs to step out of the old teaching mode and teaching ideas, and lead students into the field of practice, so that students can truly become applied talents who have artistic accomplishment and can put what they have learned into practice. This article adopts methods such as investigation method, observation method, literature research method, and experiential summary method to purposefully collect the status quo of contemporary environmental design classrooms. Through the summary of teaching experience, it proposes new teaching practice methods and coping strategies.