bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismogenic fault and tectonic significance of 1996 Karakoram Pass earthquake (Ms 7.1) based on InSAR
Authors: Qiu Jiangtao , Ji Lingyun , Liu Lei , Liu Chuanjin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDue to hard observation condition of the western Tibet region, the slip behaviors of the Ms7.1 Karakoram Pass earthquake occurred in Hetian, Xinjiang on November 19, 1996 remains unclear. Using ERS 1/2 SAR data and InSAR technique, we obtain the co-seismic deformation of the earthquake. The north and south deformation areas show asymmetric pattern, with the maximum LOS displacement of the southern part approximately 24.6 cm, and the maximum LOS displacement in the northern part approximately − 18.5 cm. Nonlinear and linear inversion algorithms are used to determine the geometric parameters and slip distribution of the earthquake fault. Our results show that the co-seismic displacement is dominated by deformation fields are clearly visible sinistral strike-slip accompanied by a small amount of normal slip component. The co-seismic slip occurred between 0 and 18 km at depth. The maximum slip is ~ 81 cm, occurring at a depth of 8.5 ± 0.5 km at (35.36°N 78.03°E), indicating a shallow event with a moment magnitude of Mw 6.5. The seismogenic fault is a secondary fault in the Karakoram fault zone with strike 96°, dip 84°, and rake – 24°. This earthquake shows that the Karakoram fault zone undergoes a complex tectonic deformation process, with central part of the fault zone showing minor tensional deformation behaviors.
Production of biodiesel by enzymatic transesterification of non-edible Salvadora persica (Pilu) oil and crude coconut oil in a solvent-free system
Authors: Budhwani Azeem Abdul Aziz , Maqbool Ayesha , Hussain Tanveer , Syed Muhammad Noman 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
It is becoming imperative to develop renewable fuels such as biodiesel which are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Exploiting non-edible oils is more necessary to reduce dependency of edible oils for biodiesel production. The current study investigated biodiesel production from non-edible Salvadora persica seed oil (SPSO) and crude coconut oil (CCO) by Burkholderia cepacia lipase acting as a biocatalyst in a solvent-free system. The biodiesel yield produced from these feedstocks was compared and the effect of ethanol (acyl acceptor) vs. SPSO and CCO in various ratios on biodiesel production was determined.

Results
The presence of medium-chain fatty acids in majority was confirmed for SPSO and CCO while the average molecular weight was calculated as 749.53 g/mol and 664.57 g/mol, respectively. Thin Layer Chromatography indicated ethyl esters in the produced Salvadora and coconut biodiesel samples. Maximum biodiesel yield (around 70%) was obtained at 1:4 oil-to-ethanol molar ratio from both oils followed by a decline at higher ratios. The gas chromatographic analysis of Salvadora biodiesel at 1:4 molar ratio showed that the yield of individual esters was mostly of medium- and long-chain fatty acids. The analysis of coconut biodiesel at 1:4 molar ratio revealed that it consists mainly of the esters of medium-chain fatty acids. A comparison of estimated properties of biodiesel from both the parent oils with the international standard showed that it meets most of the requirements.

Conclusion
The study paves the way for a green route for biodiesel production and would promote the use of non-edible vegetable oils over edible ones to produce biodiesel. Further, it is a right step to use lipases in biodiesel production as compared to chemical catalysts. Ethanol, which can also be produced from biomass fermentation, can be used as acyl acceptor to produce biodiesel and this makes the process eco-friendly. Moreover, Burkholderia cepacia lipase is a good choice among lipases to get high biodiesel yields successfully from SPSO and CCO at low oil-to-ethanol molar ratios.
A pilot study of the S-MAP (Solutions for Medications Adherence Problems) intervention for older adults prescribed polypharmacy in primary care: study protocol
Authors: Patton D. E. , Francis J. J. , Clark E. , Smith F. , Cadogan C. A. , Ryan C. , Hughes C. M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Adhering to multiple medications as prescribed is challenging for older patients (aged ≥ 65 years) and a difficult behaviour to improve. Previous interventions designed to address this have been largely complex in nature but have shown limited effectiveness and have rarely used theory in their design. It has been recognised that theory (‘a systematic way of understanding events or situations’) can guide intervention development and help researchers better understand how complex adherence interventions work. This pilot study aims to test a novel community pharmacy-based intervention that has been systematically developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework (12-domain version) of behaviour change.

Methods
As part of a non-randomised pilot study, pharmacists in 12 community pharmacies across Northern Ireland (n = 6) and London, England (n = 6), will be trained to deliver the intervention to older patients who are prescribed ≥ 4 regular medicines and are non-adherent (self-reported). Ten patients will be recruited per pharmacy (n = 120) and offered up to four tailored one-to-one sessions, in the pharmacy or via telephone depending on their adherence, over a 3–4-month period. Guided by an electronic application (app) on iPads, the intervention content will be tailored to each patient’s underlying reasons for non-adherence and mapped to the most appropriate solutions using established behaviour change techniques. This study will assess the feasibility of collecting data on the primary outcome of medication adherence (self-report and dispensing data) and secondary outcomes (health-related quality of life and unplanned hospitalisations). An embedded process evaluation will assess training fidelity for pharmacy staff, intervention fidelity, acceptability to patients and pharmacists and the intervention’s mechanism of action. Process evaluation data will include audio-recordings of training workshops, intervention sessions, feedback interviews and patient surveys. Analysis will be largely descriptive.

Discussion
Using pre-defined progression criteria, the findings from this pilot study will guide the decision whether to proceed to a cluster randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of the S-MAP intervention in comparison to usual care in community pharmacies. The study will also explore how the intervention components may work to bring about change in older patients’ adherence behaviour and guide further refinement of the intervention and study procedures.

Trial registration
This study is registered at ISRCTN: 10.1186/ISRCTN73831533
New frontiers in proton therapy: applications in cancers
Authors: Yuan Tai‐Ze , Zhan Ze‐Jiang , Qian Chao‐Nan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProton therapy offers dominant advantages over photon therapy due to the unique depth‐dose characteristics of proton, which can cause a dramatic reduction in normal tissue doses both distal and proximal to the tumor target volume. In turn, this feature may allow dose escalation to the tumor target volume while sparing the tumor‐neighboring susceptible organs at risk, which has the potential to reduce treatment toxicity and improve local control rate, quality of life and survival. Some dosimetric studies in various cancers have demonstrated the advantages over photon therapy in dose distributions. Further, it has been observed that proton therapy confers to substantial clinical advantage over photon therapy in head and neck, breast, hepatocellular, and non‐small cell lung cancers. As such, proton therapy is regarded as the standard modality of radiotherapy in many pediatric cancers from the technical point of view. However, due to the limited clinical evidence, there have been concerns about the high cost of proton therapy from an economic point of view. Considering the treatment expenses for late radiation‐induced toxicities, cost‐effective analysis in many studies have shown that proton therapy is the most cost‐effective option for brain, head and neck and selected breast cancers. Additional studies are warranted to better unveil the cost‐effective values of proton therapy and to develop newer ways for better protection of normal tissues. This review aims at reviewing the recent studies on proton therapy to explore its benefits and cost‐effectiveness in cancers. We strongly believe that proton therapy will be a common radiotherapy modality for most types of solid cancers in the future.
Effect of arthrocentesis on the clinical outcome of various treatment methods for temporomandibular joint disorders
Authors: Kim Chang-Woo , Lee Sung-Jae , Kim Euy-Hyun , Lee Dong-Keon , Kang Mong-Hun , Song In-Seok , Jun Sang-Ho 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
We evaluated the improvement of pain and the increase in mouth opening after temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis and the possible association with various factors such as previous splint treatment, medication, and diagnosis.

Results
We studied 57 temporomandibular joint disorder patients who underwent arthrocentesis at Korea University Anam Hospital. These patients (24 males and 33 females, aged between 15 and 76 years) underwent arthrocentesis that was performed by one surgeon. The degree of mouth opening (assessed using the maximum mouth opening: MMO) and pain (assessed using the visual analog scale: VAS) were assessed pre- and post-arthrocentesis. The study also investigated whether treatment modalities other than arthrocentesis (medication and appliance therapy) were performed. Statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant difference in mouth opening and pain after temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis. Preoperative appliance therapy affected the results of arthrocentesis, but it was not statistically significant. With regard to pain relief, preoperative diagnosis did not show a significant difference. However, with regard to maximum mouth opening, patients with disc displacement without reduction with limited mouth opening (closed lock) showed the highest recovery (11.13 mm).

Conclusion
The average of MMO increase after arthrocentesis was 9.10 mm, and patients with disc displacement without reduction with locking (closed lock) showed most recovery in maximum mouth opening and it was statistically significant. The average pain relief of patients after arthrocentesis was 3.03 in the VAS scale, and patients using anterior repositioning splint (ARS) preoperatively showed the most pain relief.
The landscape of cardiovascular care in pediatric cancer patients and survivors: a survey by the ACC Pediatric Cardio-Oncology Work Group
Authors: Ryan Thomas D. , Border William L. , Baker-Smith Carissa , Barac Ana , Bock Matthew J. , Canobbio Mary M. , Choueiter Nadine F. , Chowdhury Devyani , Gambetta Katheryn E. , Glickstein Julie S. , Kondapalli Lavanya , Mital Seema , Peiris Vasum , Schiff Russell J. , Spicer Robert L. , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Chen Ming Hui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo enhance the understanding of cardiovascular care delivery in childhood cancer patients and survivors.Study designA 20-question survey was created by the Pediatric Cardio-oncology Work Group of the American College of Cardiology (ACC) Cardio-oncology Section to assess the care, management, and surveillance tools utilized to manage pediatric/young adult cardio-oncology patients. The survey distribution was a collaborative effort between Cardio-oncology Section and membership of the Adult Congenital and Pediatric Cardiology Section (ACPC) of the ACC.ResultsSixty-five individuals, all self-identified as physicians, responded to the survey. Most respondents (n = 58,89%) indicated childhood cancer patients are regularly screened prior to and during cancer therapy at their centers, predominantly by electrocardiogram (75%), standard echocardiogram (58%) and advanced echocardiogram (50%) (i.e. strain, stress echo). Evaluation by a cardiologist prior to/during therapy was reported by only 8(12%) respondents, as compared to post-therapy which was reported by 28 (43%,p < 0.01). The most common indications for referral to cardiology at pediatric centers were abnormal test results (n = 31,48%) and history of chemotherapy exposure (n = 27,42%). Of note, during post-treatment counseling, common cardiovascular risk-factors like blood pressure (31,48%), lipid control (22,34%), obesity & smoking (30,46%) and diet/exercise/weight loss (30,46%) were addressed by fewer respondents than was LV function (72%).ConclusionsThe survey data demonstrates that pediatric cancer patients are being screened by EKG and/or imaging prior to/during therapy at most centers. Our data, however, highlight the potential for greater involvement of a cardiovascular specialist for pre-treatment evaluation process, and for more systematic cardiac risk factor counseling in posttreatment cancer survivors.
Stable Immobilization of Enzyme on Pendant Glycidyl Group-Modified Mesoporous Carbon by Graft Polymerization of Poly(glycidyl methacrylate)
Authors: Shitanda Isao , Kato Takanao , Suzuki Ryo , Aikawa Tatsuo , Hoshi Yoshinao , Itagaki Masayuki , Tsujimura Seiya 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (poly(GMA)) bearing pendant glycidyl groups, grafted on the surface of MgO-templated carbon (MgOC), is useful for forming strong multipoint covalent bonds with amino functional groups on the surface of flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) molecules. The immobilized FAD-GDH can generate glucose-oxidation catalytic current using 1,2-naphthoquinone (12NQ) as the redox mediator, which is also captured on the electrode surface. The catalytic current is more stable than that obtained using the FAD-GDH-MgOC electrode without poly(GMA) because the leaching of FAD-GDH and 12NQ is suppressed by the enzyme capping effect.
Malaria management in children with fever in rural Sierra Leone. Has anything changed after the Ebola outbreak?
Authors: Sesay Joseph Bangalie , Denisiuk Olga , Hann Katrina , Zachariah Rony , Moses Francis Lionel , Dumbuya Umaru 
Published: October 2019

Background: Sierra Leone is one of the highest malaria burden countries in the world and was severely affected by the 2014-15 Ebola outbreak. As fever is a common symptom of both malaria and Ebola, it might have affected the management of fever in children. Among under-fives in Koinadugu district, Sierra Leone, we determined fever cases that had malaria diagnostic testing and treated with Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) during pre-Ebola, intra-Ebola and post-Ebola periods. Methods: The study population included all children under five with fever who presented to 68 primary healthcare facilities in Koinadugu district. Malaria management was in line with national guidelines. All individuals presenting with fever should be subjected to a malaria diagnostic test, which may involve a Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) or microscopy. Only confirmed malaria cases should receive ACTs. The study spanned pre-Ebola (June 1, 2013 – April 30, 2014), intra-Ebola (June 1, 2014 – April 30, 2015) and post-Ebola (June 1, 2016 – April 30 ,2017) periods. Data were sourced directly from routine morbidity registers available at each health facility. Results: In the 68 health facilities, fever cases increased from 43,245 pre-Ebola to 74,367 post-Ebola (1.7-fold increase). Diagnosed malaria ranged between 66% and 75%. Only 47% of malaria cases were treated during Ebola. ACT use was 95% pre-Ebola, 99% intra-Ebola and dropped to 71% post-Ebola. Post-Ebola, an average of 40 (59%) facilities had monthly stock-outs of ACT (range 28-45). Conclusion: What has changed since the Ebola outbreak is the increased utilisation of services for malaria. However, ACT stockouts are of concern, and this requires attention in order to ensure compliance with national malaria treatment guidelines.
Platforms and the Exploration of New Products
Authors: Hagiu Andrei , Wright Julian 
Published: October 2019

A key strategic decision for platforms is the extent to which they should facilitate the entry of untested new products and sellers alongside established products and sellers. Exploration by current buyers helps future buyers better value these products and sellers. This externality across buyers raises the possibility that there may be too little exploration from the platform’s perspective. On the other hand, when sellers have market power and so price strategically, and platforms extract a share of seller revenue (i.e., charge commissions), the direction of any such bias is not obvious. We provide a theory that predicts when the platform will prefer more, less, or the same level of exploration as that induced by sellers in equilibrium. Our theory can explain why platforms will sometimes have no incentive to steer buyers one way or another, or may actually want to steer buyers toward established products and sellers. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
The Friday Effect: Firm Lobbying, the Timing of Drug Safety Alerts, and Drug Side Effects
Authors: Diestre Luis , Barber Benjamin , Santaló Juan 
Published: October 2019

Safety alerts are announcements made by health regulators warning patients and doctors about new drug-related side effects. However, not all safety alerts are equally effective. We provide evidence that the day of the week on which the safety alerts are announced explains differences in safety alert impact. Specifically, we show that safety alerts announced on Fridays are less broadly diffused: they are shared 34% less on social media, mentioned in 23% to 66% fewer news articles, and are 12% to 51% less likely to receive any news coverage at all. As a consequence of this, we propose Friday alerts are less effective in reducing drug-related side effects. We find that moving a Friday alert to any other weekday would reduce all drug-related side effects by 9% to 12%, serious drug-related complications by 6% to 15%, and drug-related deaths by 22% to 36%. This problem is particularly important because Friday was the most frequent weekday for safety alert announcements from 1999 to 2016. We show that this greater prevalence of Friday alerts might not be random: firms that lobbied the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the past are 49% to 56% more likely to have safety alerts announced on Fridays. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management.
COOPERATION BETWEEN HUMAN AND AGENTS IN HOLONIC MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
Authors: Grznár Patrik , Krajčovič Martin , Mozol Štefan , Schickerle Marek , Gabajová Gabriela , Bučková Monika 
Published: October 2019

The current development in production is directed towards a system called socio-cyber-physical, where humans, machine facilities, materials, technologies and the environment work together. Processes in companies are enrolling in a platform called Industry 4.0. Production is more similar to a living organism where the planned dynamic in the field of logistic and production elements of the system are exchange by emergent dynamically moving fully adaptable autonomous agents. Agents are plant facilities that have software implemented with decisions rules and are not control by human. These autonomous agents communicate and interact with each other in a protocol. In the factories of the future, presence of humans is also predicted and therefore the humanization of communication and interaction between human and agents of system must be considered. The human becomes a living agent who will communicate with others and collaborate to achieve goals. In individual workplaces, agents will serve and support humans in service, production, inspection, supply etc. but also a human will do that for agents. Although production will behave Emergent it is necessary that the activity of agents support the activities of humans in the workplace and that is not possible without communication. In this point there is a need for mastering the communication between the human and the agent and this can be done through Chatbot systems. This paper is aimed at designing a potential coordination system between humans and agents in factories of the future by using Chatbot systems.
THE CURRENT STATE OF PROJECT RISK ASSESSMENT AND EDUCATION NEEDS IN PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT
Authors: Masár Matej , Hudáková Mária 
Published: October 2019

Current trends show that education in the field of project risk management is a very actual topic. Long - term projects, which was realized in 2018, was mainly focused on R&D across the world. Short - term projects, was focused on innovation and improve manufacturing processes. Many projects failed because project managers did not manage project risks. Project managers have less knowledge and skills on how to effectively manage project risks, especially risks in the planning phase of projects.
The main aim of this article is to analyze the current state of usage project risk assessment across the world, based on own empirical research, which was provided, by authors in 2018 and 2019 (mainly level of usage project risk management methods, experience and level of education). The research focused on analyzing the current state of project risk assessment among continents. The authors focused on the average level of use qualitative and quantitative project risk analysis by project managers, level of project risk management experience by project managers and complexity of learning in using of qualitative and quantitative project risk management methods and tools. Some recommendation were established to educate project managers in the field of project risk management.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE CREATIVE INDUSTRIES
Authors: Ruseva Margarita 
Published: October 2019

Access to finance for the creative industries can be difficult, mainly due to the intangible nature of their assets and collateral, the limited scale of the market, the uncertainty of demand and the lack of expertise on the part of financial intermediaries, taking into account the specificities of the creative industry. Every organization should know the "life cycle of the project". It represents a sequence of phases (stages) in the development of the project from its beginning to its end. Splitting the phase design allows for better and more efficient implementation and management.
The aim of this article is to analyze, through in-depth analysis, the difficulties associated with the development, implementation and management of projects by the creative industries. These gaps in the skills of art managers were found after a survey based on an in-depth interview in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. This article reflects the results of the empirical study. The survey was conducted among 105 organizations and their managers working in the field of creative and recreational industries and identified gaps in project management, resource management, people, and risk assessment. Risk management is an element of the financial management of any organization, including art organizations. Good risk management is a guarantee for success and the achievement of the goals of art organizations. The environment in which the art develops is dynamic, provocative, and it requires an up-to-date risk assessment, which in turn is a requirement for knowing the stages, methods and mechanisms of risk reduction to dimensions that will give reasonable assurance to the organization's art management that the goals will be achieved.