bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternative therapies for sinusitis and rhinitis: a systematic review utilizing a modified Delphi method
Authors: Wu Arthur W. , Gettelfinger John D. , Ting Jonathan Y. , Mort Claudia , Higgins Thomas S. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundSinusitis and rhinitis are common diseases for which patients seek medical attention. Alternative therapies constitute a multibillion‐dollar industry despite poorly established efficacy and safety profiles. This study was designed to identify and grade the evidence for alternative therapies purported to treat sinusitis and rhinitis.MethodsA modified Delphi method was used to establish a consensus opinion among rhinology experts of the current evidence for efficacy, potential harm, and future research needs for alternative therapies in sinusitis and rhinitis. Following the initial Delphi round of discussion, a Google search query was performed to identify topics and review online reports of benefit. Subsequent rounds established search criteria and inclusion/exclusion criteria for a systematic literature review utilizing PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Centre for Evidence‐Based Medicine (CEBM) and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria were used to assess levels of evidence and recommendations. Final Delphi rounds were performed until consensus opinions could be reached.ResultsOver 60 potential alternative therapies for sinusitis and rhinitis were identified. The literature review included 2066 titles with 220 full‐text articles found to be relevant. Most of the therapies had little to no scientific evidence; however, acupuncture, capsaicin, bromelain, and butterbur extract currently have low to moderate‐high GRADE rating. Allergic rhinitis was the most common disease studied.ConclusionSome alternative therapies show promise as potential treatments for sinusitis and rhinitis, mostly compared to placebo. Comparisons to traditional therapies are lacking. For other alternative therapies, many websites included unsubstantiated claims of benefit and ignored potential side effects for which patients should be warned appropriately.
All‐trans retinoic acid regulates TGF‐β1‒induced extracellular matrix production via p38, JNK, and NF‐κB‒signaling pathways in nasal polyp‒derived fibroblasts
Authors: Kim Su‐Jong , Park Joo‐Hoo , Lee Seoung‐Ae , Lee Jong‐Geun , Shin Jae‐Min , Lee Heung‐Man 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundAll‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a derivative of vitamin A, is known to have anti‐fibrogenic effects and regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, these abilities of ATRA may influence tissue remodeling in the upper airway. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of ATRA on the myofibroblast differentiation, extracellular matrix (ECM) production, cell migration, and collagen gel contraction and to determine the molecular mechanisms of ATRA in TGF‐β1‐induced nasal polyp‒derived fibroblasts (NPDFs).MethodsNPDFs were isolated from nasal polyp. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide assay. TGF‐β1‒induced fibroblasts were pretreated with ATRA. The expression levels of alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), collagen type 1, fibronectin, phospho‐mitogen‒activated protein kinase, and p‐p50 (nuclear factor‐kappaB [NF‐κB]) were measured by Western blot analysis, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and/or immunofluorescence staining. Cell migration was analyzed with cell migration scratch assay and Transwell migration assay. Collagen contractile activity was measured using a collagen gel contraction assay.ResultsATRA had no significant cytotoxic effect in NPDFs. Expression levels of α‐SMA, collagen type 1, and fibronectin stimulated by TGF‐β1 were significantly downregulated in the ATRA‐pretreated fibroblasts. TGF‐β1‒induced cell migration and collagen gel contraction were significantly inhibited by ATRA pretreatment. ATRA also significantly inhibited phosphorylation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and p50 in TGF‐β1‒induced NPDFs, but did not inhibit phosphorylation of extracellular signal‒related kinase (ERK).ConclusionATRA downregulated myofibroblast differentiation, ECM production, cell migration, and collagen gel contraction via p38, JNK‐dependent NF‐κB‒signaling pathways in TGF‐β1‒induced NPDFs. The findings suggest that ATRA could serve as a novel therapeutic agent to ameliorate nasal polyp development.
Concordance of self‐reported practice patterns of American Rhinologic Society members with the International Consensus Statement of Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Riley Charles A. , Zheng Zhong , Williams Nicholas , Smith Timothy L. , Orlandi Richard R. , Tabaee Abtin 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundThe 2016 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR:RS) is a collaborative distillation of available research and consensus recommendations for the management for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, implementation of the ICAR:RS recommendations in the reality of clinical practice is not clearly defined.MethodsAn anonymous, web‐based survey of the American Rhinologic Society membership was performed in October, 2018. Respondents were asked about the frequency that they recommended the various treatments reviewed in ICAR:RS in the context of medical management for CRS. A 7‐point Likert‐type scale assessed the frequency of treatment patterns.ResultsA total of 140 members completed the survey (response rate 11.9%). Seventy‐two (51.4%) were in practice for 0 to 15 years, 61 (43.6%) completed a rhinology fellowship, and 73 (52.1%) worked in private practice. Disparate treatment patterns were reported for each of the therapies assessed for CRS, including those that were “recommended” or “recommended against” in ICAR:RS. Members with <15 years of experience were more likely to use nasal saline irrigation. Fellowship‐trained respondents reported a greater likelihood of using nasal saline irrigation and aspirin desensitization (for patients with aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease). Practitioners in academic medicine were more likely to utilize aspirin desensitization than those in private practice. Surgeons performing >100 sinus surgeries per year were more likely to use topical antibiotics.ConclusionThe range of reported treatment patterns identified in this study despite the availability of the ICAR:RS recommendations may suggest the need for improved standardization of CRS management.
Modular Synthesis of Nona‐Decasaccharide Motif from Psidium guajava Polysaccharides: Orthogonal One‐Pot Glycosylation Strategy
Authors: Zhang Yunqin , Chen Zixi , Huang Yingying , He Shaojun , Yang Xingkuan , Wu Zhibing , Wang Xiufang , Xiao Guozhi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of long, branched, and complex carbohydrate sequences remains a challenging task in chemical synthesis. Reported here is an efficient and modular one‐pot synthesis of a nona‐decasaccharide and shorter sequences from Psidium guajava polysaccharides, which have the potent α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity. The synthetic strategy features: 1) several one‐pot glycosylation reactions on the basis of N‐phenyltrifluoroacetimidate (PTFAI) and Yu glycosylation to streamline the chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides, 2) the successful and efficient assembly sequences (first O3′, second O5′, final O2′) toward the challenging 2,3,5‐branched Araf motif, 3) the stereoselective 1,2‐cis‐glucosylation by reagent control, and 4) the convergent [6+6+7] one‐pot coupling reaction for the final assembly of the target nona‐decasaccharide. This orthogonal one‐pot glycosylation strategy can streamline the chemical synthesis of long, branched, and complicated carbohydrate chains.
Metal‐like Ductility in Organic Plastic Crystals: Role of Molecular Shape and Dihydrogen Bonding Interactions in Aminoboranes
Authors: Mondal Amit , Bhattacharya Biswajit , Das Susobhan , Bhunia Surojit , Chowdhury Rituparno , Dey Somnath , Reddy C. Malla 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDuctility is a common phenomenon in many metals but is difficult to achieve in molecular crystals. Organic crystals bend plastically on one or two face‐specific directions but fracture when stressed in any other arbitrary directions. An exceptional metal‐like ductility and malleability in the isomorphous crystals of two globular molecules, BH3NMe3 and BF3NMe3, is reported, with characteristic tensile stretching, compression, twisting, and thinning. The mechanically deformed samples, which transition to lower symmetry phases, retain good long‐range order amenable to structure determination by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Molecules in these high‐symmetry crystals interact through electrostatic forces (B−−N+) to form columnar structures with multiple slip planes and weak dispersive forces between columns. On the other hand, the limited number of facile slip planes and strong dihydrogen bonding in BH3NHMe2 negates ductility. Our study has implications for the design of soft ferroelectrics, solid electrolytes, barocalorics, and soft robotics.
Effect of incorporating different polyaniline‐surface modified nanosilica content into polyurethane‐based quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte for dye‐sensitized solar cells
Authors: Liow Kai S. , Sipaut Coswald S. , Ung Mee C. , Dayou Jedol 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPolyaniline‐surface modified nanosilica (S‐PANi) was incorporated into polyurethane (PU) to form a polymer matrix able to entrap liquid electrolyte and to function as a quasi‐solid state electrolyte (QSE) in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Nanosilica was first synthesized via sol–gel technique and was post modified with aniline to form S‐PANi. The effects of introducing different S‐PANi content (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) on the nanoparticle distribution, surface morphology, surface porosity, thermal stability, and the structure of the PU matrix were analyzed using transmitted and reflected light microscopes, TGA and X‐ray powder diffraction. Additionally, polymer matrix absorptivity, conductivity, and ion diffusion of the formulated QSEs were investigated by using a digital analytical balance, the AC impedance method, and cyclic voltammetry. Lastly, all of the formulated quasi‐solid‐state electrolytes were applied for use in DSSCs wherein their charge recombination, photovoltaic performance, and lifespan were measured. The quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte based on 15 wt% S‐PANi (PU‐15%S‐PANi) exhibited the highest light‐to‐energy conversion efficiency, namely 3.17%, with an open circuit voltage of 708 mV, a short circuit current of 4.13 mA cm−2, and a fill factor of 0.65.
The effect of temperature on fatigue strength of poly(ether‐imide)/multiwalled carbon nanotube/carbon fibers composites for aeronautical application
Authors: Santos Luis F. P. , Ribeiro Bruno , Hein Luis R. O. , Alderliesten René , Zarouchas Dimitrios , Botelho Edson C. , Costa Michelle L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis work concerns the fatigue behavior at three different temperature conditions (−40, 20, and 80°C) and the addition of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) into a carbon‐fiber reinforced poly(ether‐imide) composite. The incorporation of MWCNT into the composite increased the tensile strength and Young's modulus by up 5 and 2%, respectively. At low temperature, the incorporation of the nanoparticles improved the fatigue strength of the laminates by 15%. The shear strength results obtained by interlaminar shear strength and compression shear test tests have shown an increase of about 16 and 58%, respectively, by the introduction of nanotubes into the laminates. Fractographic observations revealed that the surface of carbon nanotube laminate (PEI/MWCNT/CF) presented a ductile behavior, and differences in the fracture aspects of the material compared to the traditional PEI/CF laminate have been observed.
Ketone Hydrogenation by Using ZnO−Cu(OH)Cl/MCM‐41 with a Splash of Water: An Environmentally Benign Approach
Authors: Choudhary Neha , Ghosh Topi , Mobin Shaikh M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMCM‐41‐supported ZnO−Cu(OH)Cl nanoparticles were synthesized via an incipient wetness impregnation technique using zinc chloride and copper chloride salts as well as water at room temperature. The catalyst was characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and TGA, whereas surface and morphological studies were performed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The above studies revealed the incorporation of metal species into the pores of MCM‐41, leading to a decrease in surface area of the nanoparticles that was found to be 239.079 m2/g. The substituents attached to the ketone determine the rate of the reaction, and the utilization of the green solvent ‘water’ astonishingly completes the hydrogenation reaction in 45 minutes at 40 °C with 100% conversion and 100% selectivity as analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Hence, ZnO−Cu(OH)Cl/MCM‐41 nanoparticles with 2.46 wt% zinc and 6.39 wt% copper were demonstrated as an active catalyst for the reduction of ketones without using any gaseous hydrogen source making it highly efficient as well as environmentally and economically benign.
Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Denitrogenative [4+2] Annulation of Benzamides and 3‐Diazoindolin‐2‐imines: Expedient Access to Indolo[2,3‐c] isoquinolin‐5‐ones
Authors: Pal Kuntal , Adak Souvik , Dey Arnab , Volla Chandra M. R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn effective and pragmatic strategy for the synthesis of structurally diverse indolo[2,3‐c]isoquinolin‐5‐ones has been developed via a Rh(III)‐catalyzed C−H activation and [4+2] annulation reaction of N‐methoxybenzamides and 3‐diazoindolin‐2‐imines. The reaction involves the efficient formation of two new (one C−C and one C−N) bonds under operationally simple conditions and has the benefits of a broad substrate scope.
An X‐ray view of the hot circum‐galactic medium
Authors: Li Jiang‐Tao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe hot circum‐galactic medium (CGM) represents the hot gas distributed beyond the stellar content of the galaxies while typically within their dark matter halos. It serves as a depository of energy and metal‐enriched materials from galactic feedback and a reservoir from which the galaxy acquires fuels to form stars. It thus plays a critical role in the coevolution of galaxies and their environments. X‐rays are one of the best ways to trace the hot CGM. I will briefly review what we have learned about the hot CGM based on X‐ray observations over the past two decades, and what we still do not know. I will also briefly prospect what may be the foreseeable breakthrough in the next one or two decades with future X‐ray missions.
Spatial and temporal variability of radium in the Wisconsin Cambrian–Ordovician aquifer system
Authors: Dematatis Marie , Plechacek Amy , Mathews Madeleine , Wright Daniel B. , Udenby Florence , Gotkowitz Madeline B. , Ginder‐Vogel Matthew 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCompliance monitoring of contaminants in public drinking water supplies results in publicly available data sets that are maintained by state agencies and useful for investigating changes in water quality. In this study, spatial and temporal trends in naturally occurring radium (combined 226Ra + 228Ra) concentrations in groundwater from the Midwestern Cambrian–Ordovician aquifer system were evaluated with a Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources compliance data set. Average combined Ra from 2000 to 2018 in the Midwestern Cambrian–Ordovician aquifer system increased from 5.5 to 7.9 pCi/L in the confined region and from 4.8 to 6.6 pCi/L in the unconfined region. On a local scale, the data demonstrate increasing radium in the communities of Sussex (n = 98) and Brookfield (n = 35), and a decreasing trend in nearby Waukesha (n = 176). This study demonstrates the utility of compliance data sets for investigating water quality trends and the importance of geographic scale in examining such data.
Chemical analysis and antioxidant properties of orange‐tree (Citrus sinensis L.) biomass extracts obtained via different extraction techniques
Authors: Bruno Maria R. , Russo Daniela , Cetera Paola , Faraone Immacolata , Lo Giudice Valentina , Milella Luigi , Todaro Luigi , Sinisgalli Chiara , Fritsch Clemént , Dumarçay Stéphane , Gérardin Philippe 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOrange orchards are typical Mediterranean crops and a major feature of the heritage of the Mediterranean basin, where they play an important environmental and economic role. Their high availability, low price, and potential industrial application make the development of new and valuable uses of the orange's biomass of high interest. This research was focused: (i) on recognition and mapping of orange cultivation in the Basilicata region; (ii) on the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of extracts; (iii) on identification of extractives' traits. To achieve these objectives, the anti‐oxidative properties and chemical compounds of the extracts from orange orchard biomass were analyzed. Different extraction techniques were applied, including maceration, ultrasound‐assisted extraction, accelerated solvent extraction, and autoclaving. Results demonstrated the potential antioxidant activity of the bark and wood of orange‐tree biomass, which has not been investigated before. The relative antioxidant capacity index showed that bark extracts were more effective than wood ones, and accelerated solvent extraction was the most effective process for recovering antioxidants. Chemical characterization by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) showed the presence of different natural compounds, including caffeic acid, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The development of innovative applications that use biomass derivatives could lead to their possible use in the market as a commodity for the chemical or cosmetic industries, giving new added value to the current use of biomass from agricultural practices. Through multi‐criteria analysis it was possible to recognize the sustainability of these cropping models and their ecological function, using them for the preservation of environmental resources, environmental quality, and quality of life. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Association between maternal periconceptional alcohol consumption and neural tube defects: Findings from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2011
Authors: Louden Adia R. , Suhl Jonathan , Kancherla Vijaya , Caspers Conway Kristin M. , Makelarski Jennifer , Howley Meredith M. , Hoyt Adrienne T. , Olney Richard S. , Olshan Andrew F. , Romitti Paul A. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeural tube defects (NTD)s are common birth defects with a multifactorial etiology. Findings from human studies examining environmental (non‐inherited) exposures tend to be inconclusive. In particular, although animal studies of alcohol exposure and NTDs support its teratogenic potential, human studies are equivocal. Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), associations between maternal periconceptional (1 month before through 1 month after conception) alcohol consumption and NTDs in offspring were examined.MethodsNTD cases and unaffected live born singleton controls with expected dates of delivery from October 1997–December 2011 were enrolled in the NBDPS. Interview reports of alcohol consumption (quantity, frequency, variability, type) from 1,922 case and 11,251 control mothers were analyzed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR)s and 95% confidence intervals (CI)s for alcohol consumption and all NTDs combined and selected subtypes (spina bifida, anencephaly, encephalocele) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression analysis.ResultsAmong mothers in the NBDPS, 28% of NTD case and 35% of control mothers reported any periconceptional alcohol consumption. For each measure of alcohol consumption, inverse associations were observed for all NTDs combined (aORs = 0.6–1.0). Results for NTD subtypes tended to be similar, but CIs for spina bifida and encephalocele were more likely to include the null.ConclusionsThese findings suggest a lack of positive associations between maternal periconceptional alcohol consumption and NTDs. Future studies should continue to evaluate the association between maternal alcohol consumption and NTDs in offspring accounting for methodological limitations such as potential misclassification from self‐reported alcohol consumption.
Token‐economy‐based contingency management increases daily steps in adults with developmental disabilities
Authors: Nastasi Jessica A. , Sheppard Rebecca D. , Raiff Bethany R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAdults with developmental disabilities are less likely to meet physical activity guidelines than typically developing counterparts. Contingency management (CM) interventions increase physical activity in sedentary adults. The current study systematically replicated previous research among sedentary adults diagnosed with developmental disabilities living in a residential group home, using a token economy in the context of a CM intervention. Using a changing criterion design, participants (N = 4) were given tokens contingent on meeting increasing step goals over 8 weeks, tracked via a Fitbit Flex™. CM increased the number of steps substantially for three of four participants. These findings extend previous research supporting the use of token‐based CM interventions for increasing daily steps among individuals with developmental disabilities. Because the current study was conducted in a residential group home setting, it may offer a long‐term sustainable approach to improving the health of some individuals living with developmental disabilities.
CircPRKCI relieves lipopolysaccharide‐induced HK2 cell injury by upregulating the expression of miR‐545 target gene ZEB2
Authors: Shi Xiaofeng , Ma Wei , Li Yongqi , Wang Han , Pan Shuang , Pan Yongquan , Xu Caiming , Li Lei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the possible influences of circPRKCI abnormal expression on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced HK2 cell injury and its mechanism. The circPRKCI level was identified in serum samples from patients with urosepsis and healthy subjects, as well as LPS‐treated HK2 cells by qRT‐PCR. Cell viability, apoptosis, expression of proteins associated with apoptosis, and expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in LPS‐treated HK2 cells were measured. Effects of circPRKCI abnormal expression on LPS‐induced HK2 cell injury were then evaluated. Afterward, the binding miRNA of circPRKCI and target gene of miRNA were identified, and the involvements of NF‐kB pathway signaling pathway with the effects of circPRKCI were finally studied. CircPRKCI was significantly down‐regulated in serum samples from patients with urosepsis and LPS‐treated HK2 cells. LPS‐induced decrease of cell viability, increase of cell apoptosis, as well as elevated productions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukins (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐8 in HK2 cells were attenuated by overexpressed circPRKCI. In addition, circPRKCI negatively regulated the expression of miR‐545, and miR‐545 up‐regulation reversed the inhibiting effects of circPRKCI overexpression on LPS‐induced HK2 cell injury. Moreover, zinc finger E‐box‐binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) was identified as a target gene of miR‐545, and ZEB2 overexpression partly reversed the effects of miR‐545 up‐regulation on LPS‐induced HK2 cell injury. Furthermore, NF‐kB pathway was revealed to be associated to the effects of circPRKCI on LPS‐induced HK2 cell injury. This research indicated that the highly expressed circPRKCI relieved inflammatory injury induced by LPS in HK2 cells by suppressing miR‐545/ZEBs and depressing the briskness of NF‐kB pathway.