bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and optimisation of a defined high cell density yeast medium
Authors: Roberts Tania Michelle , Kaltenbach Hans‐Michael , Rudolf Fabian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSaccharomyces cerevisiae cells grown in a small volume of chemically defined media neither reach the desired cell density nor grow at a fast enough rate to scale down the volume and increase the sample number of classical biochemical assays, as the detection limit of the readout often requires a high number of cells as an input. To ameliorate this problem, we developed and optimised a new high cell density (HCD) medium for S. cerevisiae. Starting from a widely used synthetic medium composition, we systematically varied the concentrations of all components without the addition of other compounds. We used response surface methodology to develop and optimise the five components of the medium: glucose, yeast nitrogen base, amino acids, monosodium glutamate, and inositol. We monitored growth, cell number, and cell size to ensure that the optimisation was towards a greater density of cells rather than just towards an increase in biomass (i.e., larger cells). Cells grown in the final medium, HCD, exhibit growth more similar to the complex medium yeast extract peptone dextrose (YPD) than to the synthetic defined (SD) medium. Whereas the final cell density of HCD prior to the diauxic shift is increased compared with YPD and SD about threefold and tenfold, respectively. We found normal cell‐cycle behaviour throughout the growth phases by monitoring DNA content and protein expression using fluorescent reporters. We also ensured that HCD media could be used with a variety of strains and that they allow selection for all common yeast auxotrophic markers.
Sandwich results for periodicity and conjugacy
Authors: Matkowski Janusz , Wójcik Paweł 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLet P be a nonconstant selfmap of a set $$\mathcal {M}$$M. A sandwich-type theorem for generalized sub-P-periodic functions defined on $$\mathcal {M}$$M with values in a reflexive Banach space is proved. In particular, given functions $$f,g:\mathcal {M}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$f,g:M→R, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a generalized P-periodic function $$F:\mathcal {M}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$F:M→R such that $$f\le F\le g$$f≤F≤g. The formula for F is given and its Lipschitz constant is discussed. Moreover the solvability of the functional equation $$f\circ p= r\circ f$$f∘p=r∘f with the help of a new sandwich method, is considered.
Solution sets of systems of equations over finite lattices and semilattices
Authors: Tóth Endre , Waldhauser Tamás 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSolution sets of systems of homogeneous linear equations over fields are characterized as being subspaces, i.e., sets that are closed under linear combinations. Our goal is to characterize solution sets of systems of equations over arbitrary finite algebras by a similar closure condition. We show that solution sets are always closed under the centralizer of the clone of term operations of the given algebra; moreover, the centralizer is the only clone that could characterize solution sets. If every centralizer-closed set is the set of all solutions of a system of equations over a finite algebra, then we say that the algebra has Property $${{\,\mathrm{(SDC)}\,}}$$(SDC). Our main result is the description of finite lattices and semilattices with Property $${{\,\mathrm{(SDC)}\,}}$$(SDC): we prove that a finite lattice has Property $${{\,\mathrm{(SDC)}\,}}$$(SDC) if and only if it is a Boolean lattice, and a finite semilattice has Property $${{\,\mathrm{(SDC)}\,}}$$(SDC) if and only if it is distributive.
Two-millimetre diameter operative arthroscopy of the ankle is safe and effective
Authors: Stornebrink Tobias , Altink J. Nienke , Appelt Daniel , Wijdicks Coen A. , Stufkens Sjoerd A. S. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Technical innovation now offers the possibility of 2-mm diameter operative arthroscopy: an alternative to conventional arthroscopy that no longer uses inner rod-lenses. The purpose of this study was to assess whether all significant structures in the ankle could be visualized and surgically reached during 2-mm diameter operative arthroscopy, without inflicting iatrogenic damage.

Methods
A novel, 2-mm diameter arthroscopic system was used to perform a protocolled arthroscopic procedure in 10 fresh-frozen, human donor ankles. Standard anteromedial and anterolateral portals were utilized. Visualization and reach with tailored arthroscopic instruments of a protocolled list of articular structures were recorded and documented. A line was etched on the most posterior border of the talar and tibial cartilage that was safely reachable. The specimens were dissected and distances between portal tracts and neurovascular structures were measured. The articular surfaces of talus and tibia were photographed and inspected for iatrogenic damage. The reachable area on the articular surface was calculated and analysed.

Results
All significant structures were successfully visualized and reached in all specimens. The anteromedial portal was not in contact with neurovascular structures in any specimen. The anterolateral portal collided with a branch of the superficial peroneal nerve in one case but did not cause macroscopically apparent harm. On average, 96% and 85% of the talar and tibial surfaces was reachable respectively, without causing iatrogenic damage.

Conclusion
2-mm diameter operative arthroscopy provides safe and effective visualization and surgical reach of the anterior ankle joint. It may hold the potential to make ankle arthroscopy less invasive and more accessible.
The use of adverse outcome pathways in the safety evaluation of food additives
Authors: Vinken Mathieu , Kramer Nynke , Allen Timothy E. H. , Hoffmans Yvette , Thatcher Natalie , Levorato Sara , Traussnig Heinz , Schulte Stefan , Boobis Alan , Thiel Anette , Rietjens Ivonne M. C. M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the last decade, adverse outcome pathways have been introduced in the fields of toxicology and risk assessment of chemicals as pragmatic tools with broad application potential. While their use in the pharmaceutical and cosmetics sectors has been well documented, their application in the food area remains largely unexplored. In this respect, an expert group of the International Life Sciences Institute Europe has recently explored the use of adverse outcome pathways in the safety evaluation of food additives. A key activity was the organization of a workshop, gathering delegates from the regulatory, industrial and academic areas, to discuss the potentials and challenges related to the application of adverse outcome pathways in the safety assessment of food additives. The present paper describes the outcome of this workshop followed by a number of critical considerations and perspectives defined by the International Life Sciences Institute Europe expert group.
Wheat PP2C-a10 regulates seed germination and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis
Authors: Yu Xiaofen , Han Jiapeng , Li Li , Zhang Qian , Yang Guangxiao , He Guangyuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractKey messageA wheat protein phosphatase PP2C-a10, which interacted with TaDOG1L1 and TaDOG1L4, promoted seed germination and decreased drought tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis.AbstractSeed dormancy and germination are critical to plant fitness.DELAY OF GERMINATION 1(DOG1) is a quantitative trait locus for dormancy inArabidopsis thaliana. Some interactions between DOG1 and the type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) have been reported in Arabidopsis. However, the research on molecular functions and regulations of DOG1Ls and group A PP2Cs in wheat (Triticum aestivum. L), an important crop plant, is rare. In this study, the wholeTaDOG1Lfamily was identified. Expression analysis revealed thatTaDOG1L2,TaDOG1L4andTaDOG1L-N2specially expressed in wheat grains, while others displayed distinct expression patterns. Yeast two-hybrid analysis of TaDOG1Ls and group A TaPP2Cs revealed interaction patterns differed from those in Arabidopsis, and TaDOG1L1 and TaDOG1L4 interacted with TaPP2C-a10. The qRT-PCR analysis showed thatTaPP2C-a10exhibited the highest transcript level in wheat grains. Further investigation showed that ectopic expression ofTaPP2C-a10in Arabidopsis promoted seed germination and decreased sensitivity to ABA during germination stage. Additionally,TaPP2C-a10transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited decreased tolerance to drought stress. Finally, the phylogenetic analysis indicated thatTaPP2C-a10gene was conserved in angiosperm during evolutionary process. Overall, our results reveal the role ofTaPP2C-a10in seed germination and abiotic stress response, as well as the functional diversity ofTaDOG1Lfamily.
Synbiotic supplementation with prebiotic green banana resistant starch and probiotic Bacillus coagulans spores ameliorates gut inflammation in mouse model of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Shinde Tanvi , Perera Agampodi Promoda , Vemuri Ravichandra , Gondalia Shakuntla V. , Beale David J. , Karpe Avinash V. , Shastri Sonia , Basheer Waheedha , Southam Benjamin , Eri Rajaraman , Stanley Roger 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The research goal is to develop dietary strategies to help address the growing incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study has investigated the effectiveness of green banana resistant starch (GBRS) and probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC5856 spores for the amelioration of dextran-sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice.

Methods
Eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed standard rodent chow diet supplemented with either B. coagulans, GBRS or its synbiotic combination. After 7 days supplementation, colitis was induced by adding 2% DSS in drinking water for 7 days while continuing the supplemented diets. Animal health was monitored and after 14 days all animals were sacrificed to measure the biochemical and histochemical changes associated with each supplement type.

Results
The disease activity index and histological damage score for DSS-control mice (6.1, 17.1, respectively) were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than the healthy mice. Synbiotic supplementation alleviated these markers (− 67%, − 94% respectively) more adequately than B. coagulans (− 52%, − 58% respectively) or GBRS (− 57%, − 26%, respectively) alone. Compared to DSS-control synbiotic supplementation significantly (p < 0.0001) maintained expressions of tight junction proteins. Moreover, synbiotic effects accounted for ~ 40% suppression of IL-1β and ~ 29% increase in IL-10 levels in serum while also reducing C-reactive protein (− 37%) compared to that of the DSS-control. While, B. coagulans alone could not induce additional levels of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production beyond the caecum, the synbiotic combination with GBRS resulted in substantial increased SCFA levels across the whole length of the colon.

Conclusion
The synbiotic supplementation with B. coagulans and GBRS ameliorated the overall inflammatory status of the experimental IBD model via synergistic functioning. This supports researching its application in mitigating inflammation in human IBD.
Synaptotagmin 13 is neuroprotective across motor neuron diseases
Authors: Nizzardo M. , Taiana M. , Rizzo F. , Aguila Benitez J. , Nijssen J. , Allodi I. , Melzi V. , Bresolin N. , Comi G. P. , Hedlund E. , Corti S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), spinal and lower brainstem motor neurons degenerate, but some motor neuron subtypes are spared, including oculomotor neurons (OMNs). The mechanisms responsible for this selective degeneration are largely unknown, but the molecular signatures of resistant and vulnerable motor neurons are distinct and offer clues to neuronal resilience and susceptibility. Here, we demonstrate that healthy OMNs preferentially express Synaptotagmin 13 (SYT13) compared to spinal motor neurons. In end-stage ALS patients, SYT13 is enriched in both OMNs and the remaining relatively resilient spinal motor neurons compared to controls. Overexpression of SYT13 in ALS and SMA patient motor neurons in vitro improves their survival and increases axon lengths. Gene therapy with Syt13 prolongs the lifespan of ALS mice by 14% and SMA mice by 50% by preserving motor neurons and delaying muscle denervation. SYT13 decreases endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis of motor neurons, both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, SYT13 is a resilience factor that can protect motor neurons and a candidate therapeutic target across motor neuron diseases.
Pallidal lead placement in dystonia: leads of non-responders are contained within an anatomical range defined by responders
Authors: Zittel Simone , Hidding Ute , Trumpfheller Maria , Baltzer Vanessa Lupici , Gulberti Alessandro , Schaper Miriam , Biermann Maxine , Buhmann Carsten , Engel Andreas K. , Gerloff Christian , Westphal Manfred , Stadler Jana , Köppen Johannes A. , Pötter-Nerger Monika , Moll Christian K. E. , Hamel Wolfgang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) within the pallidum represents an effective and well-established treatment for isolated dystonia. However, clinical outcome after surgery may be variable with limited response in 10–25% of patients. The effect of lead location on clinical improvement is still under debate.

Objective
To identify stimulated brain regions associated with the most beneficial clinical outcome in dystonia patients.

Methods
18 patients with cervical and generalized dystonia with chronic DBS of the internal pallidum were investigated. Patients were grouped according to their clinical improvement into responders, intermediate responders and non-responders. Magnetic resonance and computed tomography images were co-registered, and the volume of tissue activated (VTA) with respect to the pallidum of individual patients was analysed.

Results
VTAs in responders (n = 11), intermediate responders (n = 3) and non-responders (n = 4) intersected with the posterior internal (GPi) and external (GPe) pallidum and the subpallidal area. VTA heat maps showed an almost complete overlap of VTAs of responders, intermediate and non-responders. VTA coverage of the GPi was not higher in responders. In contrast, VTAs of intermediate and non-responders covered the GPi to a significantly larger extent in the left hemisphere (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
DBS of ventral parts of the posterior GPi, GPe and the adjacent subpallidal area containing pallidothalamic output projections resulted in favourable clinical effects. Of note, non-responders were also stimulated within the same area. This suggests that factors other than mere lead location (e.g., clinical phenotype, genetic background) have determined clinical outcome in the present cohort.
JNJ-4178 (adafosbuvir, odalasvir, and simeprevir) in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 2 infection with or without compensated cirrhosis: the Phase IIa OMEGA-3 study
Authors: Takehara Tetsuo , Chayama Kazuaki , Kurosaki Masayuki , Yatsuhashi Hiroshi , Tanaka Yasuhito , Hiramatsu Naoki , Sakamoto Naoya , Asahina Yasuhiro , Nozaki Akito , Nakano Toshikazu , Hagiwara Yosuke , Shimizu Hiroko , Yoshida Hiroki , Huang Yuhan , Biermer Michael , Vijgen Leen , Hayashi Norio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of the combination of three direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents (adafosbuvir [also known as AL-335], odalasvir, and simeprevir) were investigated in DAA treatment-naïve Japanese patients with genotype (GT)1 or GT2 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with or without compensated cirrhosis.

Methods
In this Phase IIa, open-label, multicenter study—OMEGA-3 (NCT02993250)—patients received JNJ-4178 (adafosbuvir 800 mg once daily [QD], odalasvir 25 mg QD, and simeprevir 75 mg QD) for 8 (non-cirrhotic patients; Cohort 1) or 12 (cirrhotic patients; Cohort 2) weeks. Patients were followed-up to 24 weeks following the end of treatment (EOT). The primary endpoint was safety, including adverse events (AEs).

Results
Overall, 33 patients were enrolled into Cohort 1 (N = 22) or 2 (N = 11) and received combined treatment with JNJ-4178. During the treatment and follow-up phases, a higher percentage of patients in Cohort 2 (81.8%) experienced AEs compared with Cohort 1 (68.2%), but the incidence of treatment-related AEs was similar. Most AEs were mild-to-moderate in severity and no patients discontinued due to an AE. There was one serious AE (cataract) in a patient in Cohort 2, which was not considered related to treatment. All patients achieved sustained virologic response 12 weeks after EOT (SVR12). No incidences of viral relapse were observed during follow-up.

Conclusions
In HCV GT1- and GT2-infected Japanese patients, treatment with JNJ-4178 was well tolerated and resulted in 100% of patients achieving SVR12.
A typology of community flood resilience
Authors: Laurien Finn , Hochrainer-Stigler Stefan , Keating Adriana , Campbell Karen , Mechler Reinhard , Czajkowski Jeffrey 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFlood risk is increasing worldwide and there is a growing need to better understand the co-benefits of investments in disaster resilience. Utilizing a multinational community flood resilience dataset, this paper takes a systems approach to understanding community-level flood resilience. Using a cluster analysis and bivariate correlation methods, we develop a typology of community flood resilience capacity based on community characteristics and five capitals (human, financial, natural, physical, and social). Our results reinforce the importance of context-specific policymaking and give recommendations of four distinct clusters to investigate the relationship between flood resilience and prevailing development conditions. We especially find that communities with higher interactions between their capital capacities tend to have higher flood resilience levels. Additionally, there are indications that stronger interactions between community capacities can help to induce multiple co-benefits when investing in disaster resilience. Our results also have important policy implications on the individual community level. For example, based on our results, we suggest that communities with lower flood resilience capacities and interactions can best build resilience on leveraging their relatively higher human capital capacities to strengthen the financial and social capitals. Negative effects might happen for urban communities when co-benefits of natural and physical capital are not fully integrated. The highest flood resilience capacity is found in communities with a well-balanced household income distribution which is likely a contributing factor to the importance of financial capital for this cluster. Our results emphasize the importance of an integrative approach to management when implementing systematic flood disaster resilience metrics and development measures.
Predictors of postoperative cardiovascular complications up to 3 months after kidney transplantation
Authors: den Dekker W. K. , Slot M. C. , Kho M. M. L. , Galema T. W. , van de Wetering J. , Boersma E. , Roodnat J. I. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Renal transplant patients have a high peri-operative risk for cardiovascular events. Pre-operative screening for cardiac ischaemia might lower this risk, but there are no specific guidelines.

Methods
We conducted a chart review for all renal transplants performed between January 2010 and December 2013. We collected data about patient characteristics, pre-operative cardiac evaluation before referral, diagnostic tests and interventions. Logistic regression analyses were then applied to relate these factors to the composite endpoint of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, coronary revascularisation or admission for heart failure within 3 months after transplantation.

Results
A total of 770 kidney transplants were performed in 751 patients. In 750 cases (97%) a referral to the cardiologist was made. Non-invasive ischaemia detection by myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, exercise stress test or dobutamine stress echocardiography was carried out in 631 cases (82%). Coronary angiography was performed in 85 cases, which revealed significant coronary artery disease in 19 cases. Prophylactic revascularisation was done in 7 cases. The incidence of the study endpoint was 8.6%. In multivariable regression analysis, age at transplantation, pre-transplant myocardial infarction or heart failure, post-operative decrease in haemoglobin and positive non-invasive ischaemia testing were significantly associated with the study endpoint. However, when analysed separately, none of the different non-invasive ischaemia detection modalities were related to the study endpoint.

Conclusion
Especially those renal transplant candidates with a cardiac history carry a high risk for a cardiovascular event post-transplantation. Uniformity in cardiac screening of renal transplant candidates and better pre-operative preparation might lower this post-operative risk. Besides, post-transplant anaemia should be prevented.
What we learn from extremophiles
Authors: Schröder Carola , Burkhardt Christin , Antranikian Garabed 
Published: February 2020

AbstractExtremophiles are microorganisms that love extreme conditions, such as high temperatures up to the boiling point of water or low temperatures down to below the freezing point. Moreover, some extreme microbes prefer to live in acidic or alkaline environments, under high pressure or high salinity. Three extremophilic species are presented in this article: Lacinutrix algicola, a psychrophilic bacterium that grows at temperatures between 0 and 25 °C, Anaerobranca gottschalkii, a thermophilic and alkaliphilic bacterium growing optimally at 50–55 °C under alkaline conditions, and Pyrococcus furiosus, a famous hyperthermophilic archaeon that prefers 100 °C for growth. These extraordinary microorganisms are examples of extremophiles that possess remarkable adaptation mechanisms and additionally produce unique enzymes called extremozymes. These robust biocatalysts can be applied in various biotechnologic processes to enable substrate conversions under extreme process conditions. Due to their unusual properties, extremophiles and extremozymes will play a pivotal role in the development of modern circular bioeconomy.
Translating batch electrochemistry to single-pass continuous flow conditions: an organic chemist’s guide
Authors: Maljuric Snjezana , Jud Wolfgang , Kappe C. Oliver , Cantillo David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe recent renaissance of electrochemical methods for organic synthesis has also attracted increased interest towards flow electrochemistry as the most suitable scale-up strategy. Many electrochemical methods using flow cells are based on recirculation of the electrolyte solution. However, single-pass processing is very attractive as it permits integration of the electrochemical reaction with other synthetic or purification steps in a continuous stream. Translation of batch electrochemical procedures to single-pass continuous flow cells can be challenging to beginners in the field. Using the electrochemical methoxylation of 4-methylanisole as model, this paper provides newcomers to the field with an overview of the factors that need to be considered to develop a flow electrochemical process, including advantages and disadvantages of operating in galvanostatic and potentiostatic mode in small scale reactions, and the effect of the interelectrode gap, supporting electrolyte concentration and pressure on the reaction performance. A comparison of the reaction efficiency in batch and flow is also presented.