bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obowiązek notyfikacji zamiaru utworzenia wspólnego przedsiębiorcy
Authors: Kostecka-Jurczyk Daria 
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: Obowiązek notyfikacji zamiaru utworzenia wspólnego przedsiębiorcy Preze­sowi UOKiK w świetle przepisów ustawy o ochronie konkurencji i konsumentów budzi liczne wątpliwości interpretacyjne, których nie można rozwiązać poprzez analogię do zasady przyjętej w rozporządzeniu Rady (WE) nr 139/2004. Oba rozwiązania istotnie się różnią zarówno w zakresie przedmiotowym, jak i podmiotowym.
Cel badawczy: Celem opracowania jest zbadanie konstrukcji prawnej i przesłanek obowiązku notyfikacji zamiaru utworzenia wspólnego przedsiębiorcy funkcjonującego w obu reżimach praw­nych i ocena zasadności rozwiązań przyjętych w prawie polskim. W artykule przyjęto hipotezę, że obowiązek zgłoszeniowy w świetle przepisów ustawy o ochronie konkurencji i konsumentów (uokk) został sformułowany zbyt szeroko. Art. 13 ust. 2 pkt 3 uokk wymusza bowiem konieczność zgłoszenia wspólnych przedsiębiorców niestanowiących formy koncentracji i jest oderwany od obowiązującej w prawie unijnym zasady wspólnej kontroli wspólnego przedsiębiorcy, którego utworzenie stanowi stan faktyczny koncentracji.
Metoda badawcza: W celu weryfikacji przyjętej hipotezy badawczej zastosowano metodę analizy aktów prawnych oraz decyzji Komisji Europejskiej i Prezesa UOKiK. Do analizy rozporządzenia Rady (WE) nr 139/2004 oraz przepisów uokk wykorzystano także metodę formalno-dogmatyczną, a także metodę prawno-porównawczą.
Wyniki: W artykule wykazano, że funkcjonujący w prawie polskim obowiązek zgłoszeniowy jest sformułowany zbyt szeroko, gdyż obejmuje wspólnych przedsiębiorców, których utworzenie de facto nie spełnia przesłanek koncentracji.
Ekonomia społeczna w Polsce a rozwój gospodarczy
Authors: Chojnacka Katarzyna J. 
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: W artykule zaprezentowano wybrane rozważania nt. ekonomii społecznej w Polsce, łącząc je z determinantami i wskaźnikami rozwoju gospodarczego. Samą ekonomię społeczną potraktowano przy tym jako część narodowej gospodarki globalnej. Ze względu na charakter rozważań, wnioski płynące z analizy dostępnych danych jakościowych i ilościowych – ujęte w treści – poprzedzono zwięzłą prezentacją założeń obu obszarów wykazanych w tytule. Artykuł koresponduje z innym tekstem autorki nt. Ekonomii Społecznej (Social Economy), opu­blikowanym w 2019 r. Aby uniknąć powtórzeń, w bieżącym tekście zawężono analizę jedynie do kilku aspektów definicyjnych i badawczych.
Cel badawczy: Bezpośrednim celem autorki była diagnoza bieżącego stanu rozwoju ekonomii społecznej w Polsce w kontekście rozwoju gospodarczego, z uwzględnieniem jego mierników i determinantów. Ponieważ przedłożony do druku tekst ma stanowić wprowadzenie w zagadnienie polskiej gospodarki społecznej, przeważająca jego część ma charakter teoretyczny. Celem pośrednim była analiza dostępnego stanu wiedzy (również w zakresie danych jakościowych i ilościowych) poprzedzona próbą znalezienia aktualnych makrowielkości opisujących wskazany stan. Przyjęto przy tym, iż hipoteza badawcza brzmi: istnieje związek pomiędzy stanem rozwoju ekonomii spo­łecznej w Polsce a rozwojem gospodarczym kraju.
Metoda badawcza: Artykuł powstał w oparciu o zestawienie stanu aktualnej literatury przedmiotu (również obcojęzycznej), raportów oraz dostępnych danych makroekonomicznych. Ma, wobec powyższego, charakter syntezujący aspekty społeczno-ekonomiczne.
Wyniki: W efekcie artykuł stanowi kompilację kilku istotnych dla rozwoju gospodarczego Pol­ski wątków. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że istnieje potrzeba pogłębienia analizy stanu ekonomii społecznej w Polsce, której poniższy tekst jest częścią. W oparciu o aktualne dane i ba­dania literaturowe stwierdzono, że bardziej precyzyjna ocena stanu rozwoju będzie możliwa do przeprowadzenia najwcześniej w pierwszej połowie 2020 r., czyli niezwłocznie po opublikowaniu danych ilościowych przez GUS.
Torsional Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Externally-Bonded Fibre Reinforced Polymer: An Energy Absorption Evaluation
Authors: Hason Mahir M. , Hanoon Ammar N. , Al Zand Ahmed W. , Abdulhameed Ali A. , Al-Sulttani Ali O. 
Published: December 2020

The impacts of numerous important factors on the Energy Absorption (EA) of torsional Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams strengthened with external FRP is the main purpose and innovation of the current research. A total of 81 datasets were collected from previous studies, focused on the investigation of EA behaviour. The impact of nine different parameters on the Torsional EA of RC-beams was examined and evaluated, namely the concrete compressive strength (f’c), steel yield strength (fy), FRP thickness (tFRP), width-to-depth of the beam section (b/h), horizontal (ρh) and vertical (ρv) steel ratio, angle of twist (θu), ultimate torque (Tu), and FRP ultimate strength (fy-FRP). For the evaluation of the energy absorption capacity at different levels, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was implemented in this study. Also, to fit the measured results, Quadratic and Line models were created. The results show that the RSM technique is a highly significant tool that can be applied not only to energy absorption-related problems examined in this research, but also to other engineering problems. An agreement is observed between Pareto and standardized charts with the literature showing that the EA capacity of the torsional FRP-RC beams is mostly affected by the concrete compressive strength, followed by the vertical reinforcement ratio. The newly suggested model in this article exhibits a satisfactory correlation co-efficient (R), of about 80%, with an adequate level of accuracy. The obtained results also reveal that the EA acts as a safety index for the FRP-strengthened RC beams exposed to torsional loadings to avoid sudden structural damage. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-07 Full Text: PDF
ASSESSING BUSINESS PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING IN PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS THROUGH AN ANALYSIS OF ATM TRANSACTIONS
Authors: Swami Devendra , Chakraborty Shankar , Sinha Swami Meenakshi 
Published: December 2020

Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) technique implements organizational change based on the close coordination of a methodology for rapid change, employee empowerment and training and support through information technology. Alternate Delivery Channels are a part of BPR in public and private sector banks in India and includes ATMs, Automated Cheque Deposit Machines, Green Channel Counter Machines (GCCs), Cash Deposit Machines (CDMs) and Barcode Passbook Printers. ATM cash dispensing machines have revolutionised the very concept of money withdrawal. This research paper tries to compare the cost of routine manual banking transaction with the ATM transaction through cost-benefit analysis with the objective of finding out advantages of promoting ATM usage and migrating more and more customers to the ATM channel. ATM transactions have been on the rise easing the process of withdrawal and transfer of money for the common man. This has also been of help to the banking service providers, connected customers and efficient payment for the sellers of goods and services as ATM machines have come up close to markets.
FOOTWEAR SECTOR IN INDIA: A ROLE OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Gupta Varun 
Published: December 2020

Footwear sector is a very significant segment of Leather and NonLeather products in India. The size of Indian Domestic Footwear Industry is estimated to be worth 1919 million pairs where leather and non-leather Footwear per capita consumption is estimated to be approx. 1.61 pairs.
The major component of footwear sector is a design, product development, clicking, closing, component, lasting & finishing. Advanced technologies in the area of shoe design systems, automation, cost savings and productivity improvements as well as enabling new developments in footwear sector in India.
Although today footwear is produced using many similar methods to those employed all those years ago, obvious technological innovations in machinery, raw materials, production and testing techniques have changed what was to all intents and purposes a cottage industry into a multi-billion dollar sector. At the same time, recent years have seen a distinct shift in factory location away from the traditional industrial heartlands of Europe and North America to the new lands of opportunity, primarily in Asia.
The purpose of this paper is to review the areas where advanced technologies can significantly affect the way of footwear sector is practiced. Strategies for implementation of the necessary changes in practice are also discussed.
Real and Fake
Authors: Su Kai 
Published: December 2020

This paper is an example of an assignment that called for a rewrite of a traditional fairy tale for a different audience. In no more than 500 words, students had to re-imagine a fairy tale of their choice and make grammatical and rhetorical choices that would speak to their chosen audience. Next, students had to describe their writing process and indicate what they learned about their language and genre knowledge as a result of their rewrite.
“Real and Fake” is a rewrite of “The Little Red Riding Hood.” The student, Kai Su, decided to turn it into a horror story.
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz e Kate Chopin: literatura de resistência em sociedades moralistas e repressoras
Authors: Piaia Miquela 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo traz uma breve biografia sobre duas escritoras que abordaram nas linhas de suas obras importantes questionamentos sobre o papel da mulher dentro de sociedades nas quais as vozes femininas não costumavam ser ouvidas. A poeta barroca mexicana Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1651 – 1695) e a escritora norte-americana Kate Chopin (1851-1904) foram duas precursoras da literatura de conscientização feminina. Procuramos mostrar como as autoras transgridem várias regras sociais e históricas em termos de questões de gênero no contexto de sociedades conservadoras – nas quais viviam. Como exemplo das suas escritas traremos o romance O Despertar (1899), no qual Chopin traça o desenvolvimento psicológico e sexual de uma jovem norte-americana em meio à comunidade creole de Nova Orleans. E Hombres Necios, poema de Juana Inés que faz uma crítica às sátiras que ridicularizavam as mulheres e eram muito comuns naquela época. Este trabalho aborda a contextualização literária, social, histórica e cultural das autoras, trazendo informações sobre as suas relações com o feminismo e, por fi m, uma breve análise de suas obras sob a ótica feminista. É possível concluir que Juana Inés de la Cruz e Kate Chopin representam a vanguarda na luta pela eliminação das discriminações de gênero.
A Corpus-Based Investigation of Manner/State Complement Constructions in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Jin Hong Gang , Tao Hongyin , Zhang Jie 
Published: December 2020

This study is an investigation of the complement constructions of manner and state (CM/S, e.g. ta de zi xie de hao‘s/he writes character well’) based on a corpus of written Chinese. We find that CM/S have preferred forms and functions. Formally speaking, a monosyllabic verb, preferably bian ‘change, become’, basic action verbs, or psychological state verbs tend to co-occur with complements of adjectival, clausal, or idiomatic expressions. CM/S are argued to be an assessment device indexing speaker evaluative stances. The loaded affective meanings, we contend, account for the larger and more complex forms than their standard assessment counterparts. The implications of these findings on Chinese syntactic research and on L2 learning are explored.
Chinese Sentence-Initial Indefinites: What Corpora Reveal
Authors: Morbiato Anna 
Published: December 2020

The sentence-initial position in Chinese* is generally associated with givenness and definiteness (Li and Thompson 1976, 1981 and subsequent literature). However, observations have been raised against this association, e.g., with informationally new sentence-initial referents (Paul, 2015) or even indefinite ones (Bisang, 2016; B. Lu, Zhang, & Bisang, 2015). Furthermore, literature has emerged that offers contradictory findings, including Fan (1985) and subsequent studies on so-called ‘indefinite subject sentences’ (无定主语句). However, little is known of the statistical relevance of the phenomenon of sentence-initial indefinites (SIIs), as well as its interaction with features connected to linear order (e.g., animacy). Crucially, corpus-based studies on the topic remain the minority and are usually conducted on relatively small, genre-specific corpora. This paper adopts corpus methodologies and tools to investigate the phenomenon of SIIs, with a particular focus on determining (i) the statistical relevance of SIIs of the type of ‘一CLF N’ in big-size corpora, and (ii) whether there is an interaction with the semantic feature of animacy. To this end, it proposes the results of quantitative and qualitative analyses conducted on three major big-size, generalised corpora, namely the PKU CCL corpus (Peking University, 470 million characters), the BCC corpus (Beijing Language and Culture University, 15 billion characters), and the ZHTenTen (Stanford Tagger) corpus mounted at Sketch Engine (13,5 billion characters). The analysis highlights that SIIs are not only possible, but also statistically relevant. Furthermore, it shows that the semantic trait of animacy plays an important role, as animate indefinites are significantly more likely to occur sentence-initially. Finally, it singles out and discusses a new pattern featuring a proper noun introduced by ‘一CLF’.
4E’s Are Too Many
Why Enactive World-Making Does Not Need The Extended Mind Thesis
Authors: Scarinzi Alfonsina 
Published: December 2020

4E’s cognition – embodied, embedded, enacted, extended – replaces the cognitivist notion of world-mirroring with an active process of world-making: cognition needs no mental representation and is distributed over body, brain and environment. In recent years, the remark that extended cognition is not enactive and that the embodied approach to cognition fails to provide a definition of body raise the question of whether a postcognitivist approach to experience needs 4E’s. This contribution suggests that it does not. The enactive body as a moving sense-making-system informed by phenomenology and pragmatism and its role in the constitution of the distinctive quality of an experience are discussed.
Spaces of Modernity: Ethnic Shows in Poznań, 1879–1914
Authors: Demski Dagnosław 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The focus of this article is on the ethnic shows organized in Poznań, a middle-sized European city that was part of the network of German Völkerschauen between 1879 and 1914. The author places the ethnic shows in the context of modern urban experience, where the establishment of zoological garden space enabled direct interactions between actors, animals, and the audience, thus creating a distinct sensory world, a kind of enclave within an urban landscape. Based on the local press coverage, the article tracks the changes over time in how the shows evolved in form, theme, and message when covering the expanding numbers of touring groups that provided live lessons of exotic people as entertainment. A close reading of varying accounts of the Polish- and German-language press indicates that some of the described episodes were perceived differently. The article presents ethnic shows from the vantage of the rapidly transforming city at the turn of the 20th century in accordance with the economic and cultural trends operating there.
Conocimiento ecológico asociado a las prácticas silvopastoriles en la Región Chaqueña Semiárida (Santiago del Estero, Argentina)
Authors: Roger Enrique 
Published: December 2020

Introducción y objetivos: El Conocimiento Ecológico Tradicional forma parte del patrimonio cultural de los grupos humanos que habitan la región chaqueña semiárida. Hasta el presente no se lo había estudiado en el contexto silvopastoril, actividad socio-económica de importancia en la región. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar el conocimiento ecológico actual en el contexto mencionado, e identificar, caracterizar y valorar las especies vegetales involucradas.
M&M: El estudio se realizó en el noreste de la provincia de Santiago del Estero (Argentina). Allí, previo consentimiento informado, se hicieron entrevistas a 55 personas seleccionadas a través de la técnica “bola de nieve”. Además, se hicieron caminatas etnobotánicas en las que se registraron los aspectos etnográficos relacionados con las practicas silvopastoriles. A su vez, se caracterizaron los ambientes ecológicos, y se analizó el contexto social, cultural y productivo. Se construyó el índice de valoración silvopastoril para valorar jerárquicamente las especies mencionadas por los entrevistados.
Resultados: Se presenta información relacionada con las principales características del sistema social y productivo, las prácticas que el conocimiento ecológico orientó, las especies vegetales y animales involucradas en este contexto, estrategias de manejo, formas de provisión, aportes por unidades ambientales y valoración local de las especies. Se discute el valor de la flora local en los sistemas silvopastoriles tradicionales.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación dejan constancia de la importancia del conocimiento ecológico en la principal práctica socio-productiva local, que puede ser útil al momento de definir estrategias de manejo y conservación de la diversidad vegetal.
Analysis of viscoelastic fluid flow in different geometries abrupt contraction
Authors: Ibrahim Galeel Ameen , S. Mushatet Khudheyer , Ali Khalif Hussam 
Published: December 2020

In this work, two-dimension incompressible laminar viscoelastic fluid flow in an expansion-contraction duct has been investigated numerically. The effect of expansion-contraction shape, Deborah number, Reynolds number, expansion ratio and contraction length on the flow field variables has been investigated. Four cases for the expansion-contraction duct configurations are tested, the first case is the expansion duct, the second case is the contraction-expansion duct, the third case is the triangular expansion-contraction duct and the fourth case is the two-side triangular expansion-contraction duct. The study investigated the effect of the parameters: Reynolds number (Re), Deborah number (De), contraction length and expansion ratio (ER) on the flow field variables (pressure, stresses and velocity).
The FENE-P (Finitely Extensible Nonlinear Elastic in the Peterlin approximation) viscoelastic fluid model is chosen for the modeling of viscoelastic fluid flow. The code is written in Simply Fortran 2 computer language. Numerically the momentum equations and the FENE-P model equation are solved by using the finite volume method passed on the collocated grid arrangement by using the Rhie-Chow interpolation. The power low scheme is used for the convective terms in the momentum equations, the up-wind scheme is used in the convective terms in the FENE-P model equation and the TDMA algorithm is used to solve the algebraic equations.
The results show that the expansion ratio when decreasing causes an increase in the stresses and the pressure for all the studied cases. Further, the contraction length increment playing a major effect on the increasing of the pressure. It is discovered that increasing contraction length by 50% causes an increase in the pressure by 50%. For Deborah number, the results show that Deborah number effects all variables in the flow field, where the stresses show increasing with the increasing of Deborah number at the expansion side of all the cases. Moreover, the pressure is also increased as Deborah number increase for all the cases. The expansion duct it shows that increasing Deborah number from 0 to 1 causes an increase of 1.2% of the pressure, while for the contraction-expansion duct this percentage is increased. It is shown that increasing Deborah from 0 to 0.5 causes an increasing by 5% of the pressure. Furthermore, the effect of Deborah number on the recirculation zones is to shrink their size for all the cases.
A comparison between the studied cases are presented and shows that the contraction-expansion duct has the maximum stresses and maximum required pressure, while the triangle contraction-expansion has the smallest required pressure. The limit of Deborah number gets to 1.2 in the expansion duct, while it is limited to 0.5 for the other cases.
Mitigasi Sebaran Narkoba Melalui Sistem Informasi Geografis di Kota Pekalongan dengan Integrasi Global Mapper dan Google Earth
Authors: Agus Tri Agus Setiawan , Wim Hapsoro Hermanus , Ilyas Agus 
Published: December 2020

Sebaran dan tindak kejahatan narkoba di Wilayah Polres Kota Pekalongan sudah memprihatinkan dan sudah merambah berbagai profesi dan lintas generasi. Adapun sistem monitoring untuk pemetaannya masih menggunakan peta statis. Adapun masalah dalam penelitian yaitu belum adanya sistem informasi geografis pemetaan daerah rawan dan sebaran kasus narkoba berbasis web. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Research and Development, untuk mitigasi area sebaran narkoba menggunakan tools Global Mapper adapun Google Earth untuk melakukan proses geospasial. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat menghasilkan Aplikasi SIG Sebaran Narkoba yang mampu menampilkan daerah rawan dan sebaran kasus narkoba berdasarkan wilayah dan tahun kejadian serta fasailitas edukasi sehingga dapat menjadi referensi dan bahan kajian baik Polres Pekalongan Kota maupun Pemerintah kota Pekalongan tentang Narkoba.
Abstract
The distribution and acts of drug crimes in the Pekalongan City Police Area have been a concern and have penetrated various professions and across generations. The monitoring system for mapping still uses a static map. The problem in this research is the absence of a geographic information system for mapping vulnerable areas and the distribution of web-based drug cases. The research was conducted using the Research and Development method, to mitigate the area of drug distribution using the Global Mapper tools, while Google Earth to carry out the geospatial process. From the results of the research carried out, it can produce a GIS Application for the Distribution of Drugs that is able to display the vulnerable areas and distribution of drug cases by region and year of occurrence as well as educational facilities so that they can be a reference and study material for both the Pekalongan City Police and the Pekalongan City Government on Drugs.
The Vibration of Tubular Beam Conveying Fluid with Variable Cross Section
Authors: Gaith Mohamed 
Published: December 2020

The dynamics and stability of flow induced vibration of flow conveying in pipes particularly in case of high velocity flow may lead to severe damage. Predicting the circular natural frequencies and critical fluid velocities is an important tool in design and prevent system failures. In this study transverse dynamic response of simply supported pipe with variable tubular cross sectional area carrying fluid with a constant flow rate is investigated. Euler Bernoulli's beam theory is used to model the pipe. Hamilton's principle will be used to produce the governing equation of motion for the system. The resulting partial differential equation is solved using Galerkin's technique. The impact of the flow velocity and non-uniform variable cross section on the natural frequencies of the system, critical flow velocity and system stability is presented.