bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The combination therapy with esomeprazole and flupenthixol/melitracen in symptom improvement of erosive gastritis complicated with negative feelings compared with Esomeprazole alone
Authors: Hu Lidan , Shen Liandong , Li Dechuan , Huang Min , Xiao Xingpeng , Chen Shengquan 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the co-prescription efficacy of esomeprazole and flupenthixol/melitracen relative to that of solitary esomeprazole on erosive gastritis complicated with negative feelings. 140 erosive gastritis patients complicated with negative feelings enrolled in the present study. Seventy cases in the control group took esomeprazole, and 70 cases in the observation group received esomeprazole plus flupenthixol/Melitracen, both for 4 weeks. We gastroscopically checked the clinical symptoms, mucosal erosion, PGE2 and MDA levels in gastric mucosa, anxiety, depression, and recurrence before and after treatment in the groups. After treatment, the observation group had lower scores of clinical symptoms, mucosal erosions, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMA) than the control group (p<0.05); as well, the observation group showed higher PGE2 and lower MDA levels than the control group (p<0.05); during six months of follow-up (100% follow-up rate), 16 and 34 recurrent cases occurred, respectively, in the observation and control groups (p<0.05). Co-prescription of esomeprazole and flupenthixol/melitracen improved the clinical symptoms and mucosal erosions, relieved negative feelings and reduced the recurrence rate. The efficacy of the co-prescription is higher than that of the solitary prescription.
Abdominal Aort Anevrizmalarında Endovasküler Stent Greft (EVAR) Deneyimlerimiz – Tek Merkez Verisi
Authors: REYHANOĞLU Hasan , ÖZCAN Kaan 
Published: October 2020

ÖZET
AMAÇ
Bu çalışmada abdominal aort anevrizması tanısı ile endovasküler aort anevrizması tamiri (EVAR) uyguladığınız 32 hastanın erken ve orta dönem sonuçları değerlendirildi.
GEREÇ VE YÖNTEMLER
Ocak 2011-Eylül 2019 tarihleri arasında endovasküler aort anevrizması onarım prosedürü uygulanan toplam 32 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, perioperatif ve postoperatif sonuçları araştırıldı.
BULGULAR:
Hastalarda ortalama yaş 71.4±8.4; 28’i hasta erkek, 4 hasta kadın idi. 8 hastada (%25) postoperatif erken dönemde komplikasyon gelişti. İki hastada Tip I endoleak, 1 hastada greft trombozu gelişti. Bir hastada femoral arter trombozu gelişti ve femoral embolektomi yapıldı. İki hastada nedeni bilinmeyen ateş gelişti. Bir hasta erken dönemde solunum sıkıntısı nedeni ile entübe edildi ve iki gün yoğun bakımda izlendi. Bir hastada işlemden 4 gün sonra gastrointestinal kanama gelişti. Bir hastada işlemden 49 ay sonra akut rüptür gelişti ve açık greft interpozisyonu yapıldı. Takip süresi boyunca mortalite gözlenmedi.
SONUÇ:
Abdominal aort anevrizmalarında endovasküler aort anevrizması tamiri açık cerrahiye kıyasla düşük bir risk profiline sahip olması nedeni ile tercih edilmesi gereken bir tedavi yöntemidir. Bu hastalarda, ameliyat sonrası komplikasyonları tespit etmek ve sekonder müdahale gereksinimini belirlemek için sıkı radyolojik takip önemlidir.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Film Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS Siswa SMP Materi Potensi dan Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam
Authors: Siti Nahdiroh , Arisona Risma Dwi 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRAKMedia merupakan alat bantu yang membantu dalam proses pembelajaran. Alat bantu yang mampu mewakili sesuatu yang tidak dapat disampaikan pendidik atau guru melalui kata-kata atau kalimat. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kauntitatif dengan metode quasi experiment, desain yang digunakan nonequeivalent control group design.. Artinya penelitian yang menguji hubungan antara variabel penggunaan media berbasis film (variabel X ) dan hasil belajar ips dalam materi potensi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam (variabel Y). Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas VII SMPN 5 Ponorogo, sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini hanya kelas VII A sebagai kelas kontrol dan VII B sebagai kelas eksperimen. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan tes dan dokumentasi, Instrumen tes berupa soal yang berjumlah 30 soal. Jenis tes yang digunakan adalah tes pre- tes dan post-test. Untuk uji hipotesis data, digunakan hasil perhitungan pada kolom t-test. Berdasarkan tabel t-test, diketahui nilai Sig. (2-tailed) yaitu 0,020. Dengan menggunakan taraf kepercayaan 95%, maka nilai Sig. 0,020 kurang dari 0,05 (0,020 < 0,05). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis filem terhadap hasil belajar IPS materi potensi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam. ABSTRACT Media is a tool that helps in the learning process. Assistive devices that areable to represent something that an educator or teacher cannot convey through words or sentences. Researchers used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method, the design used was nonequeivalent control group design. This means that research that examines the relationship between the variable use of film-based media (variable X) and ips learning outcomes in material potential and utilization of natural resources (variable Y). The population of this research was all class VII SMPN 5 Ponorogo, the sample used in this study was only class VII A as the control class and VII B as the experimental class. Data collection using tests and documentation, test instruments in the form of questions totaling 30 questions. The types of tests used are pre-test and post-test. To test the data hypothesis, the calculation results are used in the t-test column. Based on the t-test table, it is known that the Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.020. By using a 95% confidence level, the Sig. 0.020 is less than 0.05 (0.020 <0.05). So it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of using film-based learning media on social studies learning outcomes on the potential and utilization of natural resources.
Disparities in survival among elders with disabilities: possible implications for long-term care insurance
Authors: Chen Cynthia , Lim Jue Tao , Chia Ngee Choon , Wang Lijia , Chong Ming Zhe , Cheong Angela , Fong Ngan Phoon , Tan Boon Yeow , Menon Edward , Ee Chye Hua , Lee Kok Keng , Chan Kin Ming , Ma Stefan , Tan Kelvin Bryan , Koh Gerald CH 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Singapore is ageing rapidly and has one of the longest life expectancies in the world. Long-term care also represents one of the largest financial risks of the elderly, as the risk of disability increases with age. ElderShield, a long-term care insurance scheme provides payouts up to six years for elders with severe disability - having three or more ADL disabilities. The six years of coverage might be insufficient due to increases in the duration of the disability.Methods In this paper, we studied all elders admitted to community hospitals in Singapore from 1996 to 2005, linked with national death records until December 2011. We modelled their survival risk after discharge from community hospitals using Cox proportional hazards regression, taking into account ADL disability, health status and other sociodemographic covariates. Results Individuals with higher ADL disability counts have a higher hazard ratio (HR: 1.28,1.76,2.09 for mild, moderate and severe disability respectively compared to those with no disability), being in a higher subsidy ward class (HR: 1.13 and 1.41 for moderate and high subsidy respectively compared to no/low subsidy) and had greater comorbidity burden (HR: 1.33, 1.74, 2.74 for mild, moderate and severe comorbidity burden respectively compared to those with no comorbidity burden). We also found that survival probabilities for individuals with two disabilities were not statistically different from those with 3+ ADL disabilities. In addition, more elders with severe disability were living for longer than six years.Conclusions Our results indicated that individuals with ADL disability might be living longer. This has possible implications on long-term care policies in the context of ElderShield insurance as it uses severe ADL disabilities as the criteria for payout, capped at six years. In 2020, Singapore expanded to CareShield Life with lifetime cash payout if severely disabled. Ensuring fiscal sustainability and affordable premium is challenging for any government, especially with Singapore's rapidly ageing demography. We conclude that the expansion of coverage from six years to lifetime coverage is timely as Singaporeans are living longer and disability risk increases with age. These payouts will be helpful for the disabled elders and their family, protecting them against some financial risk.
From Fringe to Centre-Stage: experiences of mainstreaming health equity in a health research collaboration
Authors: Porroche-Escudero Ana , Popay Jennie , Ward Fiona , Ahmed Saiqa , Akeju Dorkas , Cloke Jane , Gabbay Mark , Hassan Shaima , Khan Koser , Kkhedmati-Morasae Esmaeil 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Action to address the structural determinants of health inequalities is prioritised in high level initiatives such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and many national health strategies. Yet, the focus of much local policy and practice is on behaviour change. Research shows that whilst lifestyle approaches can improve population health, at best they fail to reduce health inequalities because they fail to address upstream structural determinants of behaviour and health outcomes. In health research most efforts have been directed at three streams of work: understanding causal pathways; evaluating the equity impact of national policy; and developing and evaluating lifestyle/behavioural approaches to health improvement. As a result, there is a dearth of research on effective interventions to reduce health inequalities that can be developed and implemented at a local level. Objective: To describe an initiative that aimed to mainstream a focus on health equity in a large scale research collaboration in the UK and to assess the impact on organisational culture, research processes and individual research practice. Methods: The study used multiple qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews, focus groups and workshops (n=131 respondents including Public Advisers, university, NHS and local and document review.. Results: Utilising Extended Normalisation Process Theory (ENPT) and Gender Mainstreaming theory the evaluation illuminated: (i) the processes developed by CLAHRC NWC to integrate ways of thinking and acting to tackle the upstream social determinants of health inequities (i.e. to mainstream a health equity focus) and, (ii) the factors that promoted or frustrated these efforts. Conclusions: Findings highlight the role of contextual factors and processes aimed at developing and implementing a robust strategy for mainstreaming health equity as building blocks for transformative change in applied health research.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Long Intergenic Noncoding RNAs Contributed to Skeletal Muscle Differences between Yorkshire and Tibetan Pig
Authors: Huang Ziying , Li Qianqian , Li Mengxun , Li Changchun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The difference between the skeletal muscle growth rates of Western and domestic breeds is remarkable, but the potential regulatory mechanism involved is still unclear. Numerous studies have pointed out that long intergenic noncoding RNA (lincRNA) plays a key role in skeletal muscle development. This study used published Yorkshire (LW) and Tibetan pig (TP) transcriptome data to explore the possible role of lincRNA in the difference in skeletal muscle development between the two breeds. Results: Through differential expression analysis, 138 differentially expressed lincRNAs (DELs) were obtained between the two breeds, and their potential target genes (PTGs) were predicted. The results of Gene Ontology and pathway analysis revealed that PTGs are involved in multiple biological processes and pathways related to muscle development. The quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of DELs were predicted, and the results showed that most QTLs are related to muscle development. Finally, we constructed a co-expression network between muscle development related PTGs (MDRPTGs) and their corresponding DELs on the basis of their expression levels. The expression of DELs was significantly correlated with the corresponding MDRPTGs. Also, multiple MDRPTGs are involved in the key regulatory pathway of muscle fiber hypertrophy, which is the IGF-1-AKT-mTOR pathway. Conclusions: In summary, multiple lincRNAs that may cause differences in skeletal muscle development between the two breeds were identified, and their possible regulatory roles were explored. The findings of this study may provide a valuable reference for further research on the role of lincRNA in skeletal muscle development.
Estimated costs for the delivery of safer conception strategies for HIV-discordant couples in Zimbabwe: A cost analysis
Authors: Hughes Carolyn Smith , Brown Joelle , Murombedzi Caroline , Chirenda Thandiwe , Chareka Gift , Mhlanga Felix , Mateveke Bismark , Gitome Serah , Makurumure Tinei , Matubu Allen , Mgodi Nyaradzo , Chirenje Zvavahera , Kahn James G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent years, safer conception strategies have been developed to help HIV-serodiscordant couples conceive a child without transmitting HIV to the seronegative partner. The SAFER clinical trial assessed implementation of these strategies in Zimbabwe. Methods: As a part of the SAFER study, we estimated the costs (in 2017 $US) associated with individual and combination strategies, in the trial setting and real-world practice, from a healthcare system perspective. Safer conception strategies included: 1) ART with frequent viral load testing until achieving undetectable viral load (ART-VL); 2) daily oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP); 3) semen-washing with intrauterine insemination; and 4) manual self-insemination at home. For costs in the trial, we used a micro-costing approach, including a time and motion study to quantify personnel effort, and estimated the cost per couple for individual and combination strategies for a mean of 6 months of safer services. For real-world practice, we modeled costs for three implementation scenarios, representing differences from the trial in input prices (paid by the Ministry of Health and Child Care [MOHCC]), intervention intensity, and increments to current HIV prevention and treatment practices and guidelines. We used one-way sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of uncertainty in input variables.Results: Individual strategy costs were $769-$1,615 per couple in the trial; $185-$563 if using MOHCC prices. Under the target intervention intensity and using MOHCC prices, individual strategy costs were $73-$360 per couple over and above the cost of current HIV clinical practices. The cost of delivering the most commonly selected combination, ART-VL plus PrEP, ranged from $166-$517 per couple under the three real-world scenarios. Highest costs were for personnel, lab tests, and strategy-specific consumables, in variable proportions by clinical strategy and analysis scenario. Total costs were most affected by uncertainty in the price of PrEP, number of semen-washing attempts, and scale-up of semen-washing capacity.Conclusions: Safer conception methods have costs that may be affordable in many low-resource settings. These cost data will help implementers and policymakers add safer conception services. Cost-effectiveness analysis is needed to assess value for money for safer conception services overall and for safer strategy combinations.Trial Registration:· Registry Name: Clinicaltrials.gov· Trial registration number: NCT03049176· Registration date: February 9, 2017· https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03049176
Potential research ethics violations against an indigenous tribe in Ecuador: a mixed methods approach
Authors: Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Simbana-Rivera Katherine , Gomez-Barreno Lenin , Tamariz Leonardo , Lister Alex , Baca Juan Carlos , Norris Alegria , Adana-Diaz Lila 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Biomedical and ethnographic studies among indigenous people are common practice in health and geographical research. Prior health research misconduct has been documented, particularly when obtaining genetic material. The objective of this study was to crossmatch previously published data with the perceptions of the Waorani peoples about the trading of their genetic material and other biological samples.Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study design using a tailored 15-item questionnaire in 72 participants and in-depth interviews in 55 participants belonging to 20 Waorani communities about their experiences and perceptions of participating in biomedical research projects. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review of the literature in order to crossmatch the published results of studies stating the approval of an ethics committee and individual consent within their work. Results: A total of 40 men (60%) and 32 women (40%), with a mean age of 57 ± 15 years agreed to be interviewed for inclusion. Five main categories around the violation of good clinical practices were identified, concerning the obtention of blood samples from a recently contacted Waorani native community within the Amazonian region of Ecuador. These themes are related to the lack of adequate communication between community members and researchers as well as the voluntariness to participate in health research. Additionally, over 40 years, a total of 38 manuscripts related to the use of biological samples in Waorani indigenous people were published. The majority of the studies (68%) did not state within their article obtaining research ethics board approval, and 71% did not report obtaining the informed consent of the participants prior to the execution of the project.Conclusion: Clinical Research on the Waorani community in the Ecuadorian Amazon basin has been performed on several occasions. Unfortunately, the majority of these projects did not follow the appropriate ethical and professional standards in either reporting the results or fulfilling them. The results of our investigation suggest that biological material, including genetic material, has been used by researchers globally, with some omitting the minimum information required to guarantee transparency and good clinical practices. We highlight the importance of stating ethics within research to avoid breaches in research transparency.
A genome-wide screening for RNAi pathway proteins in Acari
Authors: Nganso Beatrice T , Sela Noa , Soroker Victoria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRNA interference (RNAi) is a highly conserved, sequence-specific gene silencing mechanism present in Eukaryotes. Three RNAi pathways are known, namely micro-RNA (miRNA), Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) and short interfering RNA (siRNA). However, little knowledge exists about the proteins involved in these pathways in Acari. Moreover, variable successes has been obtained in gene knockdown via siRNA pathway in their functional genomics and management. We hypothesized that the clue may be in the variability of the composition and the efficacy of siRNA machinery among Acari.ResultsBoth comparative genomic analyses and domain annotation suggest that all the analyzed species have homologs of putative core proteins that mediate cleaving of targeted genes via the three RNAi pathways. We identified putative homologs of Caenorhabditis elegans RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) protein in all species though no secondary Argonaute homologs that operate with this protein in siRNA amplification mechanism were found, suggesting that the siRNA amplification mechanism present in Acari may be distinct from that described in C. elegans. Moreover, the genomes of these species do not encode homologs of C. elegans systemic RNAi defective 1 (Sid-1) protein that mediate silencing of the mRNA target throughout the treated organisms suggesting that the phenomena of systemic RNAi that has been reported in some Acari species probably occur through a different mechanism. However, Homologs of putative RNAi spreading defective-3 (Rsd-3) protein and scavenger receptors namely Eater and SR-CI that mediate endocytosis cellular update of dsRNA in C. elegans and Drosophila melanogaster were found in Acari genomes. This result suggests that cellular dsRNA uptake in Acari is endocytosis-dependent. Detailed phylogenetic analyses of core RNAi pathway proteins in the studied species revealed that their evolution is compatible with the proposed monophyletic evolution of this group.ConclusionsOur analyses have revealed the potential activity of all three pathways in Acari. Still, much experimental work remains to be done to confirm the mechanisms behind these pathways in particular those that govern systemic/parental RNAi and siRNA amplification in Acari. Disclosure of these mechanisms will facilitate the development of new and specific management tools for the harmful species and enrichment of the beneficial species.
Pulmonary Benign Metastasizing Leiomyomas: a Case Series of 23 Patients at a Single Facility
Authors: Fan Rong , Feng Fengzhi , Yang Hua , Xu Kaifeng , Li Shanqing , You Yan , Wan Xirun , Zhu Lan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (PBML) is a rare disease characterized by leiomyoma of benign histopathology existing in the lungs. Because of its rarity, limited literature with a single case or small number of cases has been regarding to the clinical course, pathology or management of PBML. Methods: A retrospective study was performed of all PBML cases diagnosed and managed at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from 2001 to 2019. The clinical characteristics, pathology, treatment and outcomes of each case were studied. Results: There were 25 PBML patients identified in the 19-year period in PUMCH, and 23 patients’ data was analyzed. The median age at diagnosis was 46 years. There were 7 patients (30.4%) diagnosed with postmenopausal status. 2 patients (8.7%) had no uterine leiomyoma, and 3 patients (13.0%) had no gynecologic surgery history. Immunohistochemistry of most lesions demonstrated positive for desmin, SMA and Estrogen/Progesterone Receptors; and negative for S-100 were shown in 7 cases. After curative or diagnostic surgeries for the PBML, several treatments from observation to medical or surgical castration were performed. 9 premenopausal patients preserved their ovaries at first. At a median follow-up of 8 years, 3 patients finally had oophorectomy.Conclusions: PBML is a disease that not only be found in premenopausal women. Treatment should be individualized. Curative surgery for patients with limited lesions can achieve the complete response. For patients that are young and asymptomatic, close observation is recommended as the first choice. All patients should undergo long-term surveillance.