bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Por uma nova inserção regional: o legado de Mandela na política externa da África do Sul/For a new regional integration: the legacy of Mandela in South Africa’s Foreign Policy
Authors: Otavio Anselmo 
Published: June 2020

O artigo em referência tem como objetivo compreender a interação entre a África do Sul e o continente africano durante a administração Mandela (1994-1999). Através de revisão bibliográfica de caráter variado, como discursos presidenciais, documentos, livros e artigos encontrados em Centros de Estudos Africanos e em Revistas acadêmicas especializadas na área, e por meio da análise da atuação de Pretória em determinados eventos ocorridos no continente africano, busca-se concluir que embora pautada em uma política externa diametralmente oposta a realizada durante o regime do apartheid, a África do Sul foi incapaz de romper com as desconfianças por parte dos países africanos acerca de seus interesses, fator este que afetou na intensificação do processo de integração sul-africana no continente.Palavras-chave: África do Sul. Apartheid. Mandela. Política Externa. Integração Regional. Abstract: The paper in reference aims to understand the interaction between South Africa and the African continent during the Mandela administration (1994-1999). From the action of Pretoria in certain events on the African continent, this paper seeks to demonstrate that even based on other principles, the Mandela administration didn’t realize the desired transformations, because the country was not able to break the distrust by African countries, a factor that affected the intensification of the south African process of integration into the African continent. The methodology was worked through a revision of a variety of bibliography, such as reports, official documents from South African government, books and articles from Center of Africa Studies and specialized publishers in this mentioned topic.Keywords: Apartheid. Foreign Policy. Mandela. South Africa. Regional Integration. DOI: 10.20424/2237-7743/bjir.v4n3p645-669
Vinte anos de Organização do Tratado de Cooperação Amazônica: uma análise da conjuntura atual
Authors: Machado Eunice Rafaele da Silva 
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a estrutura e o funcionamento da Organização do Tratado de Cooperação Amazônica a partir dos fundamentos instituídos no Direito Internacional que estabelecem as definições e classificações das Organizações Internacionais e, no âmbito das Relações Internacionais, explanar sobre a configuração do sistema internacional contemporâneo com base na Teoria da Interdependência Complexa, que identifica e permite a atuação destes atores delineando os contornos de sua influência e autonomia nesta estrutura. A pesquisa é de caráter dedutivo e natureza bibliográfica, partindo do geral para o específico, expondo aspectos descritivos, comparativos e qualitativos advindos do levantamento documental e de dados que fundamentam teoricamente as informações aqui presentes. A síntese da análise dos resultados indica que a nova conjuntura do sistema internacional tem firmado parte de seus alicerces na cooperação, diretamente ligada à interdependência cada vez mais profunda entre os Estados. No que tange à OTCA, fica elucidada como uma Organização Regional de finalidade específica que, embora com dificuldades para se estabelecer no cenário regional e mundial como referência nas questões amazônicas e de desenvolvimento sustentável, tem obtido sucesso no crescimento de sua autonomia financeira, nos resultados finais de seus projetos e atuando como um fórum mediador entre seus membros nas questões a que se debruça.

Abstract: The present study aims to analyze the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization’s structure and operation from the established basis in International Law that deal with the definitions and classifications of International Organizations. In the context of International Relations, it explains about the configuration of the contemporary international system based on the Complex Interdependence Theory that identifies and allows the performance of these actors, outlining the contours of their influence and autonomy in this structure. The research has a deductive character and bibliographic nature, starting from the general to the specific exposing descriptive, comparative and qualitative aspects arising from the documentary and data survey that theoretically based the information present here. The synthesis of the results’ analysis indicates that the new conjuncture of the international system has laid part of its foundations on cooperation, directly linked to the ever deeper interdependence between states. Regarding the ACTO, it is elucidated as a Regional Organization of specific purpose that, although facing difficulties to establish itself in the regional and global scenario as a reference in the Amazonian and sustainable development issues, has been successful by increasing its financial autonomy, by the final results achieved on its projects and acting as a mediating forum among its members on the issues it addresses.
Keywords: International Organizations. Complex Interdependence. ACTO.

Recebido em: setembro/2019
Aprovado em: fevereiro/2020
Study Abroad and the City: Bringing the Lessons Back Home
Authors: Brewer Elizabeth 
Published: June 2020

In 2005, Beloit College launched its Cities in Transition project, intended to strengthen learning outcomes for students studying abroad at several of its exchange partner universities. The College greatly valued its exchange partner relationships. However, a variety of factors, including living in foreign student dormitories and taking classes for foreigners, made it difficult for students to achieve hoped-for language gains and increased country knowledge. This article discusses the obstacles to learning that students face when studying abroad and how faculty development initiatives have helped Beloit College develop curricular interventions to improve study abroad learning outcomes. Furthermore, these interventions, which have involved experiential learning in the cities in which the students study, have led to curricular innovations in Beloit that have the potential to positively impact both students who study abroad and those who remain in Beloit throughout their undergraduate studies.
Епидемиология на пигментен ретинит и вродена слепота на Лебер
Authors: Митова Елена , Стефанов Георги , Попова-Ташкова Анна , Атанасов Марин , Стефанов Румен 
Published: June 2020

Пигментните ретинити и вродената слепота на Лебер са редки наследствени дистрофии на ретината, които водят до необратима двуочна слепота. Забележителната генетична хетерогенност на тези заболявания се дължи не само на големия брой засегнати гени, но и на факта, че мутациите в определен ген могат да причинят различни фенотипни варианти, различаващи се по тежест, прогресия на болестта и начин на унаследяване. Логично, към момента липсва единна класификация, която да обедини всички клинични и генетични форми на пигментните дистрофии на ретината.
В този контекст, епидемиологичните проучвания в клиничната практика обхващат изучаваните контингенти според различни клинико-генетични и възрастови критерии. Това затруднява значително изучаването и оценяването на епидемиологията на различните форми наследствени дистрофии на ретината. Въпреки наличието на клиничен опит и задълбочено познаване на тези заболявания у нас, все още няма публикувани епидемиологични данни за българската популация.
Настоящата публикация има за цел да анализира епидемиологични данни за пигментния ретинит и вродената слепота на Лебер и да предостави епидемиологична оценка за разпространението на тези заболявания в България.
EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN PENGASUHAN UNTUK MENURUNKAN STRES PENGASUHAN PADA IBU YANG MEMILIKI ANAK RETARDASI MENTAL
Authors: Khoiriyyah Amilatul 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK: Ibu yang terus menerus mengalami stres akan memperparah keadaaan anak yang mengalami retardasi mental. Hal ini akan berakibat buruk dalam pengasuhan karena stres yang dialami seringkali membuat ibu berperilaku tidak sehat dan tidak positif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan dapat menurunkan stres pengasuhan. Metode penelitian ini jenis quasi eksperimen dengan desain single subject. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Parenting Stress Index-Short Form untuk mengukur stres pengasuhan. Hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test diketahui nilai z = 2,668 dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,008 < 0,05 maka disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang sangat signifikan stres pengasuhan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan.

Kata Kunci: Pelatihan Keterampilan Pengasuhan, stres pengasuhan, ibu yang memiliki anak retardasi mental

ABSTRACT: Mothers who are constantly experiencing stress will exacerbate the state of children who have mental retardation. This will have a bad effect in care because the stress experienced often makes mothers behave unhealthy. The purpose of this study is to find out whether Parenting Skills Training can reduce parenting stress. This research method is a quasi-experimental type with a single subject design. The measuring instrument used is the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form to measure parental stress. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test results known value of z = 2.668 with a significance of 0.008 <0.05, it is concluded that there is a very significant difference in parenting stress before and after the Parenting Skill Training.

Keywords: Parenting skills training, parenting stress, mothers with mentally retarded children
CONDITION OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC DISEASES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE WITH ACTIVATED CHRONIC SIMPLE HERPETIC INFECTION
Authors: Gaiduchok Igor , Fedorov Yuriy , Lishchuk-Yakymovych Khrystyna , Pukalyak Roman 
Published: June 2020

The aim - to study and to analyze the indicators of the humoral link of the immune system in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic activated HSV 1/2 infection and to assess the effect of the revealed disorders on the development of autoimmune pathology.
Materials and methods. We examined 380 patients with systemic diseases of the connective tissue (systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis) with chronic HSV 1/2 infection at the age of 21-67 years. In 45 of them, using the modern molecular genetic diagnosis of herpes simplex, the active phase of chronic HSV 1/2 infection was verified based on the results of the polymerase chain reaction, and in the other 335, the latent phase was verified. The control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals of the appropriate age and gender. In patients with systemic connective tissue diseases with chronic HSV 1/2 infection, the humoral immunity indices were studied: levels of complement component C3 and IFN-a in saliva and blood and acquired: concentration of common major immunoglobulinins: IgG, IgM IgA, IgE; specific IgM and IgG to HSV 1/2; levels of cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogen, CІC in serum. Statistical processing of the results of the study was carried out using generally accepted methods of variation statistics.
Results. In patients with systemic diseases of connective tissue with chronic HSV 1/2 infection, activation of the humoral immunity was detected, it was especially evident in the active phase of the infection and was characterized by an increase in the antibody production of specific IgM HSV 1/2 and IgG HSV 1/2, аn increase in the levels of CIC, IgM, IgA and IgE, cryoprecipitation proteins, IFN-a in the blood. In the latent phase of HSV 1/2 infection the levels of IgG production of HSV 1/2, IgE, CEC, cryofibrinogen and cryoglobulins in the blood serum of these patients increased.
Conclusions. The presence of chronic activated HSV 1/2 infection in patients with systemic diseases of the connective tissue causes activation of the humoral immunity, creates the conditions for the development of autoimmune processes.
EXPERIMENTAL CHECK OF OPERATION OF A SINGLE-PHASE TWO-SEMI-PERIOD RECTIFIER
Authors: Черемухин Дмитрий Андреевич 
Published: June 2020

В данной статье будут проанализированы процессы в однофазной мостовой выпрямительной цепи с активной нагрузкой; определено среднее значение выпрямленного напряжения (тока) в цепи. Также будет рассчитана частота пульсации выпрямленного напряжения, коэффициент пульсации. Электрическая схема выпрямителя будет смоделирована в программном комплексе Multisim, который позволяет производить необходимые измерения.
This article will analyze processes in a single-phase bridge rectifier circuit with an active load; the average value of the rectified voltage (current) in the circuit is determined. It will also determine the frequency of the ripple of the rectified voltage, the ripple coefficient. The electric circuit of the rectifier will be modeled in the Multisim software package, which allows monitoring the necessary measurements.
TRENDS AND PROBLEMS OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Таштамиров Магомед Русланович 
Published: June 2020

Исследование вопросов обеспечения инвестиционной привлекательности национальной экономики выступает актуальной задачей в условиях ухудшения экономической конъюнктуры и нарастания международной напряженности. Цель статьи - определить основные особенности инвестиционной привлекательности национальной экономики России для внешнего инвестора. Представлены показатели, характеризующие инвестиционную активность российской экономики; рассмотрены динамические данные, отражающие негативные тенденции в развитии инвестиционной привлекательности России; выявлены основные проблемы и факторы, оказывающие негативное влияние на инвестиционную позицию России на современном этапе.
The study of issues of ensuring investment attractiveness of the national economy is a pressing task in the context of deteriorating economic conditions and increasing international tensions. The purpose of the article is to determine the main peculiarities of investment attractiveness of the national economy of Russia for an external investor. Indicators characterizing investment activity of the Russian economy are presented; Consideration of dynamic data reflecting negative trends in the development of investment attractiveness of Russia; Main problems and factors that have a negative impact on Russia 's investment position at the current stage have been identified.
TRADE FLOWS BETWEEN CIS COUNTRIES: DOES THE GRAVITY MODEL WORK NOW?
Authors: Чудинова Ольга Сергеевна , Корнейченко Екатерина Николаевна , Чаганова Ольга Борисовна , Ротова Анастасия Михайловна 
Published: June 2020

В статье представлены результаты проверки адекватности гравита-ционной модели в условиях глобализации мировой торговли. По статистическим данным для стран СНГ за 2011-2018 годы на основе гравитационной модели исследовано влияние масштаба экономики торговых партнеров и расстояния между странами на объем импорта.
The article presents the results of assessing the adequacy of the gravity model in the context of world trade globalization. According to statistics for the CIS countries for 2011-2018 the effect of size of economies and distance between the countries on import volumes is studied on the basis of gravity model.
MEANINGS OF NAMES IN THE WORKS OF BRITISH WRITERS: NAMES IN J. R. R. TOLKIEN’S FICTION
Authors: Манцаева Айна Новрдиевна , Ибрагимова Фарида Абдулхаевна 
Published: June 2020

В данной статье рассматриваются основные тенденции в изучении лингвистических ономастических процессов толкования имен, семантическое положение имен собственных и вероятные последствия, которые имена оказывают на читателей. Цель данной статьи - подчеркнуть актуальность и потенциал литературной ономастики, использование и роль имен в литературных произведениях, а также аспекты именования, которые играют важную роль в сложности и привлекательности художественной литературы. В качестве примера рассматривается новое исследование в области имен из журнала ономастики о том, что делают имена собственные в Средиземье Толкина такими подходящими.
This article discusses the major trends in scholarship about linguistic onomastic processes of construing names, the semantic standing of proper names, and the probable consequences names have on readers. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the relevance and potential of literary onomastics, the employment and role of names in literary works, and naming aspects that are instrumental in the complexity and appeal of the fiction. As examples, we examine a new research in Names from the Journal of Onomastics about what makes the proper names of Tolkien’s Middle-Earth so fitting.
SPEECH PLAY AS A MEANS OF FORMING GRAMMAR SKILLS IN STUDENTS OF LOWER AND MIDDLE CLASSES OF comprehensive school
Authors: Мурашова Евгения Анатольевна 
Published: June 2020

В статье рассматривается значение речевой игры для освоения грамматики немецкого языка как важного компонента формирования коммуникативной компетенции учащихся младших и средних классов СОШ. Описываются алгоритм, формы и классификация речевых игр, направленных на формирование грамматических навыков и стимулирование речевой деятельности учащихся.The article examines the importance of speech play for the mastery of German grammar as an important component of the formation of communicative competence of students of junior and secondary classes of high comprehensive school. Algorithm, forms and classification of speech games aimed at formation of grammar skills and stimulation of speech activity of students are described.
INTERRELATION OF FEATURES OF FORMATION OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF TEENAGERS AND TYPE OF PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Колчанова Юлия Сергеевна , Ротманова Наталья Валерьевна 
Published: June 2020

Исследование посвящено различию показателей эмоционального интеллекта старших подростков в семьях с различными типами воспитания. Проведен теоретический анализ концепций структуры эмоционального интеллекта и методик оценки его уровня. Эмпирическая часть выполнена с помощью методик ЭмИн Д.В. Люсина, методики ТЭИ Е.А. Сергеевой и «Поведение родителей и отношение подростков к ним» Е. Шафера.
The aim of our work is to study the differences in the indicators of emotional intelligence of older adolescents in families with different predominant types of education. A theoretical analysis of existing concepts of the structure of emotional intelligence and methods for assessing its level is carried out. Emotional intelligence was assessed with the EmIn Questionnaire by Dmitriy Lyusin and the Emotional intelligence test by E. A. Sergeeva. The types of the parents-children relationships were analysed with the method ADOR E. Schaefer.
THE RESULTS OF LABORATORY AND ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF RIVER WATERS OF THE KREMICHENKA VALLEY
Authors: Буркин Евгений Игоревич 
Published: June 2020

В статье приведены сведения о физико-химических свойствах речных вод малой реки юга Московской области, оценена степень антропогенного воздействия, предложены меры по охране вод и предупреждению загрязнений.
The article provides information on the physicochemical properties of river waters of a small river in the south of the Moscow Region, assesses the degree of anthropogenic impact, suggests measures to protect water and prevent pollution.
PENGARUH TEKNOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN KULIAH ONLINE DI ERA COVID-19 DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP MENTAL MAHASISWA
Authors: Watnaya Agus kusnayat , Muiz Mohammad hifzul , Nani Sumarni  , Mansyur Agus salim , Zaqiah Qiqi yulianti 
Published: June 2020

Awal virus corona ditemukan ketika ada penduduk kota Wuhan Cina terjangkit.Penyakit disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2, sebelumnya orang beranggapan gejala yang dialami sebagai flu biasa, sampai WHO mendeklarasikan pandemi COVID-19. Sampai tanggal 26 Mei 2020, ada 5.406.282 kasus, termasuk 343.562 kematian. Penelitian menggunakan metode mixed methods, dengan melakukan analisa statistik parametris dan non parametris dilanjutkan deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian di kampus Telkom University dan UIN SGD Bandung menunjukkan sekitar 60.5 % mahasiswa siap beradaptasi dengan penggunaan teknologi pembelajaran perkuliahan online tetapi sekitar 59.5 % keberatan atas tugas yang diberikan dosen yang berakibat tingkat stress mahasiswa sekitar 60 %. Kalau hal ini dibiarkan terus akan berakibat fatal dalam perkembangan kejiwaan mahasiswa, dan sebanyak 92 % mahasiswa memilih dan lebih suka perkuliahan tatap muka di kelas di banding perkuliahan online. Sehingga penelitian ini ada hubungan yang erat antara perkuliahan online dengan sikap mental mahasiswa.

Kata kunci: Teknologi pembelajaran, kuliah online, COVD-19, stres, kejiwaan
Factors Associated with the Quality of Life of People Living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Andrade Maria Sandra , Pinho Clarissa Mourão , Soares Aline Ferreira Targino , Gomes Eduardo Tavares , Dourado Cynthia Angélica Ramos de Oliveira , Silva Mônica Alice Santos , Quirino Evelyn Maria Braga , Lima Morgana Cristina Leôncio , Lima César Andrade , Oliveira Regina Celia 
Published: June 2020

Purposes: Evaluate the quality of life and the associated factors in people living with HIV.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and random sample selection, carried out in two Specialized Assistance Services, with 356 people living with HIV. The comparison between the domain scores was performed using the student t test, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the contribution of variables to the outcome quality of life using the stepwise method.
Results: The domains that showed the best results in averages were Psychological (17.0), Social Relations (14.9) and Level of Independence (14.0). The domain that had the greatest determination was the Psychological (R² = 0.49), followed by Social Relations (R² = 0.434), the lowest determination was the Spirituality domain (R² = 0.270). No domain had a score considered high.
Conclusion: The quality of life presented unsatisfactory results, especially in the Physical, Environment and Spirituality domains. The need to formulate strategies aimed at coping with HIV and increasing the quality of life of people living with HIV is evident.
The PHOENIX Exoplanet Retrieval Algorithm and Using H− Opacity as a Probe in Ultrahot Jupiters
Authors: Lothringer Joshua D. , Barman Travis S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Atmospheric retrievals are now a standard tool to analyze observations of exoplanet atmospheres. This data-driven approach quantitatively compares atmospheric models to observations in order to estimate atmospheric properties and their uncertainties. In this paper, we introduce a new retrieval package, the PHOENIX Exoplanet Retrieval Algorithm (PETRA). PETRA places the PHOENIX atmosphere model in a retrieval framework, allowing us to combine the strengths of a well-tested and widely-used atmosphere model with the advantages of retrieval algorithms. We validate PETRA by retrieving on simulated data for which the true atmospheric state is known. We also show that PETRA can successfully reproduce results from previously published retrievals of WASP-43b and HD 209458b. For the WASP-43b results, we show the effect that different line lists and line profile treatments have on the retrieved atmospheric properties. Lastly, we describe a novel technique for retrieving the temperature structure and e
− density in ultrahot Jupiters using H− opacity, allowing us to probe atmospheres devoid of most molecular features with the James Webb Space Telescope.