bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moisture and Temperature Covariability over the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau during the Past Nine Centuries
Authors: Wang Jianglin , Yang Bao , Ljungqvist Fredrik Charpentier 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAccurate projections of moisture variability across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are crucial for managing regional water resources, ecosystems, and agriculture in densely populated downstream regions. Our understanding of how moisture conditions respond to increasing temperatures over the TP is still limited, due to the short length of instrumental data and the limited spatial coverage of high-resolution paleoclimate proxy records in this region. This study presents a new, early-summer (May–June) self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index (scPDSI) reconstruction for the southeastern TP (SETP) covering 1135–2010 CE using 14 tree-ring records based on 1669 individual width sample series. The new reconstruction reveals that the SETP experienced the longest period of pluvial conditions in 1154–75 CE, and the longest droughts during the periods 1262–80 and 1958–76 CE. The scPDSI reconstruction shows stable and significant in-phase relationships with temperature at both high and low frequencies throughout the past 900 years. This supports the hypothesis that climatic warming may increase moisture by enhancing moisture recycling and convective precipitation over the SETP; it is also consistent with climate model projections of wetter conditions by the late twenty-first century in response to global warming.
Attenuation of Central Pacific El Niño Amplitude by North Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies
Authors: Xu Kang , Tam Chi-Yung , Liu Boqi , Chen Sheng , Yang Xiaoyi , He Zhuoqi , Xie Qiang , Wang Weiqiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere exists a pronounced asymmetry between the amplitudes of central Pacific (CP) and eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA). The present study examines such an asymmetry and its relationship with the North Pacific SSTA. Results indicate that the weaker CP El Niño amplitude can be attributed to the weaker anomalous zonal wind response to the east–west equatorial SSTA gradient during its growing phase compared with EP El Niño. Furthermore, the occurrence of CP El Niño is closely associated with southwesterly surface wind anomalies in the subtropical North Pacific, as well as ocean warming reminiscent of the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) pattern in its vicinity. Both the observations as well as the pacemaker experiments with a coupled global climate model suggest that the anomalous low-level southwesterlies, induced by the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO)-like atmospheric variability, can enhance anomalously positive SST signals and extend them southwestward to the central equatorial Pacific via the wind–evaporation–SST feedback. This will further attenuate the atmospheric response to zonal SSTA gradient, and hence weaken the amplitude of CP El Niño. Therefore, anomalous low-level southwesterlies over the subtropical North Pacific can effectively act as a conduit for tropical–subtropical air–sea interaction in that region, and can play an important role in limiting the intensity of CP El Niño.
Multiple Hydrometeors All-Sky Microwave Radiance Assimilation in FV3GFS
Authors: Tong Mingjing , Zhu Yanqiu , Zhou Linjiong , Liu Emily , Chen Ming , Liu Quanhua , Lin Shian-Jiann 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Motivated by the use of the GFDL microphysics scheme in the Finite-Volume Cubed-Sphere Dynamical Core Global Forecast System (FV3GFS), the all-sky radiance assimilation framework has been expanded to include precipitating hydrometeors. Adding precipitating hydrometeors allows the assimilation of precipitation-affected radiance in addition to cloudy radiance. In this upgraded all-sky framework, the five hydrometeors, including cloud liquid water, cloud ice, rain, snow, and graupel, are the new control variables, replacing the original cloud water control variable. The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) was interfaced with the newly added precipitating hydrometeors. Subgrid cloud variability was considered by using the average cloud overlap scheme. Multiple scattering radiative transfer was activated in the upgraded framework. Radiance observations from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) over ocean were assimilated in all-sky approach. This new constructed all-sky framework shows neutral to positive impact on overall forecast skill. Improvement was found in 500-hPa geopotential height forecast in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Temperature forecast was also improved at 850 hPa in the Southern Hemisphere and the tropics.
Development and Validation of a Descriptive Cognitive Model for Predicting Usability Issues in a Low-Code Development Platform
Authors: Silva Carlos , Vieira Joana , Campos José C. , Couto Rui , Ribeiro António N. 
Published: May 2020

Objective The aim of the study was the development and evaluation of a Descriptive Cognitive Model (DCM) for the identification of three types of usability issues in a low-code development platform (LCDP). Background LCDPs raise the level of abstraction of software development by freeing end-users from implementation details. An effective LCDP requires an understanding of how its users conceptualize programming. It is necessary to identify the gap between the LCDP end-users’ conceptualization of programming and the actions required by the platform. It is also relevant to evaluate how the conceptualization of the programming tasks varies according to the end-users’ skills. Method DCMs are widely used in the description and analysis of the interaction between users and systems. We propose a DCM which we called PRECOG that combines task decomposition methods with knowledge-based descriptions and criticality analysis. This DCM was validated using empirical techniques to provide the best insight regarding the users’ interaction performance. Twenty programmers (10 experts, 10 novices) were observed using an LCDP and their interactions were analyzed according to our DCM. Results The DCM correctly identified several problems felt by first-time platform users. The patterns of issues observed were qualitatively different between groups. Experts mainly faced interaction-related problems, while novices faced problems attributable to a lack of programming skills. Conclusion By applying the proposed DCM we were able to predict three types of interaction problems felt by first-time users of the LCDP. Application The method is applicable when it is relevant to identify possible interaction problems, resulting from the users’ background knowledge being insufficient to guarantee a successful completion of the task at hand.
Overreporting of the disc herniation in lumbar spine MRI scans performed for patients with spondylolisthesis
Authors: Semaan Hassan , Curnutte Bryan , Cooper Maxwell , Obri Joud , Elsamaloty Mazzin , Obri Tawfik , Elgafy Hossein 
Published: May 2020

Background Spondylolisthesis is often misdiagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the slip may reduce to a normal alignment when the patient lies supine. Often, disc herniation is reported at the level of spondylolisthesis. Purpose To determine the incidence rates of disc herniation at the level of spondylolisthesis. Material and Methods This is a retrospective study included 258 consecutive patients with spondylolisthesis who had lumbar spine MRI. The archived reports were collectively put in Group 1. A musculoskeletal radiologist and a spine surgeon reviewed the imaging studies together. Their readings were referred to as Group 2. The findings of both groups were compared to evaluate whether disc herniation was overreported. Results Group 1 reported findings of true disc herniation in 112 (41.6%) cases and pseudo disc herniation or no findings of disc herniation at the level of spondylolisthesis in 157 (58.4%) cases. Group 2 reported findings of a true disc herniation in 25 (9.3%) cases and pseudo disc herniation or no findings of disc herniation in the remaining 244 (90.7%) cases. There was a statistically significant difference in the reporting rates between these two groups ( P < 0.02). The most overreported finding was the disc bulging ( P < 0.01). Conclusion The current study showed overreporting of disc herniation in lumbar spine MRI scans performed for patients with established spondylolisthesis. The majority of disc pathology at the level of spondylolisthesis are pseudo disc rather than a true disc herniation. An accurate diagnosis is vital in planning surgical intervention.
Finalization of autologous stem cell transplant in complex and multirelapsed follicular lymphoma
Authors: Carella Matteo , Stefoni Vittorio , Pellegrini Cinzia , Argnani Lisa , Cavo Michele , Zinzani Pier Luigi 
Published: May 2020

Background: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is characterized by frequent relapses and need for multitude lines of therapy, which includes different immunochemotherapy regimens, novel monoclonal antibodies, novel drugs, and autologous or allogenic stem cell transplant. Early use of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) improves prognosis in patients with FL who may be candidates for an aggressive approach. Case presentation: We report the case of a 49-year-old woman with thrombophilia with relapsed/refractory grade 3A FL, heavily pretreated, who achieved third complete remission after high-dose chemotherapy and ASCT, despite experiencing life-threatening adverse events during her treatment history. Conclusions: Stem cell transplantation has emerged as the standard of care for young patients with FL but may be effective also in complex and multirelapsed clinical cases.
Older workers: Past, present and future
Authors: Caines Valerie Dawn , Crane Monique F , Noone Jack , Griffin Barbara , Datta Shiksha , Earl Joanne Kaa 
Published: May 2020

In this article, we focus on the ever-growing numbers of older workers and considerations for workplace practices and policies that make the most from the qualities older workers bring. To begin, we explore the socio-political context examining employment trends for older workers and highlight policies and trends that inform workforce planning. We then extend the discussion of older workers from the perspective of person–environment (P-E) fit, entrepreneurship, resilience and cognitive functioning. Each of these perspectives have received increased research and practitioner attention over the past two decades. They present opportunities to increase our understanding of older people in a workplace context and how to support older workers in a socio-political environment focused on career longevity. We argue that a new national strategy is needed to guide future initiatives and policy development. We propose future research directions and practitioner intervention prospects. JEL Classification: M54
Music-based discharge, healthy music use, and unhealthy music use explain adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies in adults hospitalized with cancer: A cross-sectional investigation
Authors: Silverman Michael J 
Published: May 2020

Background: Although people self-administer music for affect enhancement and self-regulation, there is a dearth of empirical inquiry investigating whether music-based regulatory factors and healthy and unhealthy music use explain coping strategies in adults hospitalized with cancer. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether music-based affect regulation and healthy and unhealthy music use explain coping strategies in adults hospitalized with cancer. Method: Participants ( N = 139) were adults hospitalized on oncology units at a large teaching hospital. Participants completed the Brief Music in Mood Regulation scale, the Healthy-Unhealthy Music Scale, and the Brief COPE. Correlational and ensuing multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine whether music-based affect regulation factors and healthy and unhealthy music use explained coping strategies. Results: Regression results indicated that discharge explained humor and religion. Unhealthy music use explained self-distraction, denial, behavioral disengagement, venting, and self-blame. Healthy music use explained active coping, instrumental support, positive reframing, planning, and acceptance. Conclusions: Music use can explain both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies for adults with cancer. Education may enable people with cancer to make effective self-administered music listening choices that augment mood, quality of life, and recovery. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are provided.
The Effects of Situation Variability in a Simulation-Based Training for Implicit Innovation Knowledge
Authors: Van Lysebetten Saar , Anseel Frederik , Sanchez Diana R. 
Published: May 2020

Background. During the last decades, the use of simulations for training purposes has sparked wide interest. However, it is unclear how training format characteristics may affect learning, resulting in a lack of evidence-based guidelines for training developers and organizations. Aim. We explore to what extent variation in the situations presented during a simulation training may improve learning outcomes. We test this research question in the context of a simulation-based training for improving innovation knowledge. Methods. A sample of 131 business students was invited to participate in a study with a pretest and two posttests (within 48 hours after and 4 weeks later) and three conditions: a control group without training, an experimental training group with low situational variation, and an experimental training group with high situational variation. Results and Conclusion. Compared to the control group, high but not low situational variation improved innovation knowledge. Participants’ prior innovation knowledge did not moderate the results. Hence, our findings indicate that ideally a simulation training includes multiple situations that offer learners various opportunities to practice innovation challenges.
Prediction of building vibration induced by metro trains running in a curved tunnel
Authors: Ma Meng , Xu Lihui , Du Linlin , Wu Zongzhen , Tan Xinyu 
Published: May 2020

Curved metro lines currently account for a significant proportion of total route mileage. However, the existing prediction model of environmental vibration only considered the vibration induced by trains running in a straight tunnel. In the present study, a numerical model was proposed to predict the environmental vibration induced by trains running in a curved tunnel. The model was divided into two parts: a train–track coupled model and a tunnel–soil–building finite element model. In the first part, a novel three-dimensional train–curved track coupled model was established and solved in the frequency domain based on the periodic theory. Both vertical and horizontal train loads were calculated by this model. Then, an in situ measurement was performed in the curved tunnel of an operating metro line, and the tunnel vibration responses were obtained and used to calibrate the train–track model. Finally, a case study was selected from Beijing metro line 16, where it is needed to predict and evaluate the environmental impact of vibration from a curved metro line being planned for construction beneath an office building. A three-dimensional tunnel–soil–building finite element model was built, and the building vibrations in vertical and horizontal directions were predicted. The results show that the floor vibrations have peak values of approximately 5.29 and 27.8 Hz, which are exacerbated by the building local mode and the spacing of the rail supports. Below the third floor, the vertical vibration response exceeded the vibration control limit recommended by Chinese national standards. Track solutions for vibration control must be implemented to mitigate the environmental vibrations.
Receipt of Substance Use Counseling Among Ambulatory Patients Prescribed Opioids in the United States
Authors: Evoy Kirk E , Leonard Charles E , Covvey Jordan R , Ochs Leslie , Peckham Alyssa M , Soprano Samantha , Reveles Kelly R 
Published: May 2020

Background: As opioid-related overdose deaths climb in the U.S., risk reduction measures are increasingly important. One such measure recommended involves provision of proactive substance use counseling regarding the risks of opioid analgesics. This is particularly important in patients at increased risk of overdose, such as those with substance use disorders (SUD) or those receiving concomitant medications that further increase the overdose risk (eg, benzodiazepines, gabapentinoids, or Z-hypnotics). However, previous research regarding the likelihood that such counseling is provided during outpatient prescriber visits is lacking. Objectives: To determine the percentage of U.S. ambulatory care visits in which patients taking prescription opioids received substance use counseling, and whether counseling was more common in patients with concomitant GABAergic medication(s) (benzodiazepine, gabapentinoid or Z-hypnotic) or substance use disorder (SUD) diagnosis. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of all patients aged ⩾18 years identified as having a prescription opioid on their medication list within the 2014-2015 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data. Results: Among 162.7 million visits in which patients were taking opioid medication(s), substance use counseling was provided in 2.4%. During visits for patients receiving opioid(s) plus GABAergic(s), substance use counseling was marginally more common (3.1% versus 2.0%, P < .0001). Substance use counseling was also more common among visits for patients taking opioid(s) with SUD (18.9% versus 1.5%, P < .0001). Among visits in which a patient was diagnosed with SUD and taking opioid(s) plus GABAergic(s), counseling was more common (23.1% versus 1.4%, P < .0001) compared to patients taking opioid(s) plus GABAergic(s) without SUD. Conclusions: Among national ambulatory care visits in the United States, substance use counseling is provided infrequently for patients taking opioids, even when significant risk factors are present. Increasing patient education may help reduce opioid-related overdose mortality.
Evaluation of Indoor Tanning Facilities in American Fitness Centers
Authors: Huang Christina M. , Kirchhof Mark G. 
Published: May 2020

Background Indoor tanning (IT) in fitness facilities encourages a misleading positive relationship between tanning and health. While IT in Canadian fitness facilities has been studied, American literature regarding this topic is lacking. Objectives The objective of this study is to evaluate availability, cost, reported risks, and adherence to legislation of IT in American fitness clubs. Methods This was a cross-sectional study utilizing a telephone questionnaire to survey gyms across all 50 states. The key term “fitness club” was searched in the Yellow Pages and 20 facilities from each state were randomly included into the study. Data were described descriptively and Pearson χ2 tests were used to compare IT prevalence and rates of noncompliance between population groups. Regression analysis examined potential relationship between cost and prevalence of IT. Results Of the 1000 fitness clubs surveyed, 44.4% (444/1000) offered IT. The overall noncompliance rates for age, rest time, and eye protection were 13.8% (54/390), 26.0% (20/77), and 27.8% (85/225), respectively. The most common risk reported was skin cancer (61.6%), but many facilities were unsure of risks (27.0%) and some described no risk associated with IT (3.2%). The average cost for monthly unlimited tanning was 33 ± 13.96 USD. A state-to-state comparison showed a statistically significant inverse relationship between mean cost and prevalence of IT ( P = .013, [ r]= −0.35). Conclusion The prevalence and noncompliance rates of IT in fitness clubs contradict the healthy lifestyles they are working to promote. To limit harms, legislations should be standardized and more strictly enforced. Additionally, public education on IT risks and the use of higher costs may help minimize IT use.
Short-Term Evaluation of the Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Dupilumab for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Canadian Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jo Christine E. , Georgakopoulos Jorge R. , Ladda Matthew , Ighani Arvin , Mufti Asfandyar , Drucker Aaron M. , Piguet Vincent , Yeung Jensen 
Published: May 2020

Background Systemic therapy for atopic dermatitis (AD) has been challenging with limited safe and efficacious long-term treatment options. In 2017, dupilumab was approved in the United States, Europe, and Canada as the first targeted therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Despite promising efficacy and safety results in clinical trials, our understanding of dupilumab in clinical practice remains limited with few studies outside clinical trials in literature. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in clinical practice and discuss any differences in results between clinical trials and real-world results. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted of consecutive patients receiving dupilumab treatment at two tertiary hospitals in Toronto, Canada, between December 2017 and May 2019. The primary efficacy endpoint was measured by Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) score of 0/1 at 16 weeks and all adverse events (AEs) experienced by patients were recorded. Results Of the 93 patients included in the study, 51 (55%) reached IGA 0/1 and 38 (41%) experienced ≥1 AE. There were no severe AEs or discontinuation prior to 16 weeks due to an AE. Conclusions These findings suggest a higher IGA-based efficacy profile with no newly identified safety concerns in patients treated with dupilumab at two tertiary hospitals in Toronto, Canada, compared to those in randomized controlled trials.