bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of mandibular advancement device on the stomatognathic system in patients with mild‐to‐moderate obstructive sleep apnoea‐hypopnoea syndrome
Authors: Zhou Jing , Li De‐Hong , Zhu Peng‐Fei , Yi Chun‐Yan , Chang Lin , Zhang Yanan , Yang Xiang‐Hong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate the changes of temporomandibular joints (TMJs) through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning and the electrical changes in mandibular movement and masticatory muscle surface of mild‐to‐moderate obstructive sleep apnoea‐hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) patients before and after treatment with mandibular advancement device (MAD).MethodsThis was a single‐centre, prospective study recruiting OSAHS patients undergoing treatment with MAD in Department of Stomatology, Yannan Hospital, Kunming, China. Patients were recruited from February 2015 to October 2015, and TMJ changes were observed in MRI scanning before and after 18 months of treatment with MAD in cohort 1. The second cohort of the patients were recruited from January 2014 to September 2015 and electrical changes in mandibular movement and masticatory muscle surface of patients before and after 6 months of treatment with MAD.ResultsIn the cohort 1, TMJ changes analysed through MRI scanning, before and after 18‐month treatment with MAD, there was no significant deviation in the angle of joint disc position. A minor change in the position relationship between condylar process, articular disc and articular fossa but not significant was observed. There was no significant difference in the shape and magnitude of mandibular incision edge movement, percussion movement, masticatory movement and condylar central trajectory among the recruited OSAHS patients, before and after 6 months of MAD treatment as analysed through electromyography.ConclusionIn this study, from the results it was evident that the effect of MAD on the stomatognathic system of OSAHS patients is minimal.
Medium‐chain fatty acid esters—Optimising their efficacy as anti‐Malassezia agents
Authors: Koch Christin , Pesaro Manuel , Schmaus Gerhard , Mayser Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols, cleavage by exo‐enzymes of Malassezia (M.) spp. and release of fatty acids with antimicrobial activity have been shown recently. On skin surface, this selective activation of antimicrobial activity might result in a ‘self‐kill’ targeted locally at the site with the highest M. density.ObjectivesAs for the disadvantage of strong odour, use of these esters for topical therapy is limited to low concentrations. Therefore, cleavage was also tested for monoesters of octanoic and undec‐10‐enoic acid with the bihydric alcohol propane‐1,3‐diol or the trihydric glycerol.MethodsIn an agar dilution test, the minimal inhibitory concentrations of these compounds were determined for M. furfur, M. globosa, M. sympodialis and M. restricta, respectively. GC analysis of parent compounds and liberated fatty acids was used to reveal ester cleavage.ResultsEster cleavage started immediately. MICs for the test compounds ranged between ~1000‐8000 ppm after 14 days of incubation. 1,3‐propanediol esters, especially 3‐hydroxypropyl octanoate and 3‐hydroxypropyl undecylenate were most effective, binary combinations exerted synergistic effects.ConclusionsThe new substances are advantageous in terms of odour and substantivity and have also beneficial skin caring properties if not hydrolysed by M. spp. As a different panel of hydrolases of each single M. species is responsible for variation in efficacy among the test substances, tailored products to treat preferentially single species or blends with a broader effectivity can be designed. In vivo verification will be the next step for the successful development of this new therapeutical concept for M.associated diseases.
Lumbar Radiofrequency Ablation Interfering With S1 Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation Systems: Experience From Two Cases
Authors: Chapman Kenneth B. , Schirripa Frank , Yousef Tariq , Deygoo Jeffrey , van Helmond Noud 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundDorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRG‐S) has emerged as a treatment for complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) of the lower extremities, and recent small studies are demonstrating its potential efficacy in pain syndromes that are traditionally considered nociceptive in nature, such as axial low back pain. While improvements in neuromodulation technology have been substantial over the past decade, with DRG‐S systems patients occasionally require additional interventional pain treatments for treatment of pain from other sources. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of medial branch nerves innervating the facet joints is an accepted therapy for pain arising from the facet joints.MethodsWe describe 2 cases from the same practice where we observed similar phenomena while performing a 2‐needle monopolar lumbar RFA in patients with a DRG‐S system implanted with leads positioned bilaterally at the S1 DRGs.ResultsInitiation of RFA resulted in motor activation and discomfort in an S1 distribution in the legs in both individual cases.ConclusionsRFA can interfere with implanted DRG‐S systems, resulting in overstimulation with motor recruitment. Specific anatomical considerations and device settings that may prevent interference are discussed.
A deeper meaning for shallow‐level phylogenomic studies: nested anchored hybrid enrichment offers great promise for resolving the tiger moth tree of life (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)
Authors: Dowdy Nicolas J. , Keating Shannon , Lemmon Alan R. , Lemmon Emily M. , Conner William E. , Scott Chialvo Clare H. , Weller Susan J. , Simmons Rebecca B. , Sisson Melissa S. , Zaspel Jennifer M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAnchored hybrid enrichment (AHE) has emerged as a powerful tool for uncovering the evolutionary relationships within many taxonomic groups. AHE probe sets have been developed for a variety of insect groups, though none have yet been shown to be capable of simultaneously resolving deep and very shallow (e.g., intraspecific) divergences. In this study, we present NOC1, a new AHE probe set (730 loci) for Lepidoptera specialized for tiger moths and assess its ability to deliver phylogenetic utility at all taxonomic levels. We test the NOC1 probe set with 142 individuals from 116 species sampled from all the major lineages of Arctiinae (Erebidae), one of the most diverse groups of noctuoids (>11 000 species) for which no well‐resolved, strongly supported phylogenetic hypothesis exists. Compared to previous methods, we generally recover much higher branch support (BS), resulting in the most well‐supported, well‐resolved phylogeny of Arctiinae to date. At the most shallow‐levels, NOC1 confidently resolves species‐level and intraspecific relationships and potentially uncovers cryptic species diversity within the genus Hypoprepia. We also implement a ‘sensitivity analysis’ to explore different loci combinations and site sampling strategies to determine whether a reduced probe set can yield results similar to those of the full probe set. At both deep and shallow levels, only 50–175 of the 730 loci included in the complete NOC1 probe set were necessary to resolve most relationships with high confidence, though only when the more rapidly evolving sites within each locus are included. This demonstrates that AHE probe sets can be tailored to target fewer loci without a significant reduction in BS, allowing future studies to incorporate more taxa at a lower per‐sample sequencing cost. NOC1 shows great promise for resolving long‐standing taxonomic issues and evolutionary questions within arctiine lineages, one of the most speciose clades within Lepidoptera.
Response and outcome following radiation therapy of macroscopic canine plasma cell tumours
Authors: Elliott James , Looper Jayme , Keyerleber Michele , Turek Michelle , Blackwood Laura , Henry Joshua , Gieger Tracy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThirty dogs with macroscopic plasma cell tumours (PCTs) were treated with radiation therapy (RT). Twelve patients were treated with palliative‐intent prescriptions (range, 4‐10 Gy/fraction (median, 7 Gy/fraction) for a total dose of 20 to 35 Gy (median total dose 30 Gy). Eighteen patients received definitive‐intent prescriptions (range, 3.0‐4.2 Gy/fraction (median, 3 Gy/fraction) for a total dose of 42 to 54 Gy (median total dose 48 Gy). Involved sites included the oral cavity, skin, multiple myeloma (MM)‐associated lytic bone lesions, bone (solitary osseous plasmacytoma; SOP), nasal cavity, larynx, retrobulbar space, lymph node and rectum. Ninety‐five percent of evaluable dogs had a complete (CR; 16/22) or partial response (PR; 5/22). Patients with MM experienced significant analgesia. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 611 days (range: 36‐2001 days). Events in the non‐MM cases included in‐field progression (5/26, 19%) and disseminated disease (5/26, 19%). The median survival time (MST) for all dogs was 697 days (range: 71‐2075 days), and when only non‐MM cases were considered, MST was 771 days (range: 71‐2075 days). Fourteen patients were alive without disease progression or had died of unrelated causes. Achievement of a PR was associated with an inferior PFS and MST as compared with CR. Palliative‐intent RT was associated with inferior MST as compared with definitive‐intent RT. RT is a useful therapeutic modality for PCTs and tumour responses are often complete and durable, with protracted survivals. The optimal radiation dose and schedule are yet to be defined.
Development of a PHMB hydrogel‐modified wound scaffold dressing with antibacterial activity
Authors: Jin Jian , Chen Zheng‐Li , Xiang Yang , Tang Tao , Zhou Hao , Hong Xu‐Dong , Fan Hao , Zhang Xu‐Dong , Luo Peng‐Fei , Ma Bing , Wang Guang‐yi , Xia Zhao‐Fan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCurrent wound scaffold dressing constructs can facilitate wound healing but do not exhibit antibacterial activity, resulting in high infection rates. We aimed to endow wound scaffold dressing with anti‐infective ability by polyhexamethylenebiguanide (PHMB). We prepared PHMB hydrogel at varying concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%) and assessed release and cytotoxicity. PHMB hydrogel was added to the wound scaffold dressing to generate a PHMB hydrogel‐modified wound scaffold dressing. Wound healing and infection prevention were evaluated using a full‐thickness skin defect model in rats. In vitro, the hydrogel PHMB release time positively correlated with PHMB concentration, with 1% allowing sufficiently long release time to encompass the high‐incidence period (3‐5 days) of infection following wound scaffold dressing implantation. Implantation of 1% PHMB hydrogel into the skin did not cause adverse responses. in vitro cytotoxicity assays showed the PHMB hydrogel‐modified wound scaffold dressing did not significantly affect proliferation of fibroblasts or vascular endothelial cells, 99.90% vs 99.84% for fibroblasts and 100.21% vs 99.28% for vascular endothelial cells at 21 days. Transplantation of PHMB hydrogel‐modified wound scaffold dressing/unmodified wound scaffold dressing on the non‐infected wounds of rats yielded no significant difference in relative vascularization rate, 47.40 vs 50.87 per view at 21 days, whereas bacterial content of the wound tissue in the PHMB hydrogel‐modified wound scaffold dressing group was significantly lower than the unmodified wound scaffold dressing group, (1.80 ± 0.35) × 103 vs (9.34 ± 0.45) × 103 at 14 days. Prevalence of persistent wound infection in the rats receiving PHMB hydrogel‐modified wound scaffold dressing transplantation onto infected wounds was significantly lower than the unmodified wound scaffold dressing group, 30% vs 100%. PHMB hydrogel‐modified wound scaffold dressing exhibited suitable antibacterial ability, and its biological activity did not significantly differ from that of the unmodified wound scaffold dressing, thereby allowing it to effectively prevent infection following wound scaffold dressing implantation.
Demand Side Management: Optimal Demand Response in Distribution Networks With Several Energy Retail Companies
Authors: de Oca Sebastián Montes , Monzón Pablo , Belzarena Pablo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, a social welfare maximization problem is solved to determine the optimal scheduling of end-user controllable loads, smart appliances, and energy storage. The framework considers multiple retail energy suppliers as well as the AC power flow constraints of the distribution system. The demand side management program is focus on residential and commercial end-users. We have formulated a day-ahead residential bidding/buyback scheme modeled as an optimal power flow problem. This demand side program schedules end-user’s controllable loads or smart appliances and takes advantage of the flexibility of an energy storage system. The demand side management scheme minimizes retail company’s operating costs in the wholesale market, and it also considers distribution network constraints, assuring the appropriate quality of service. We have used a dual decomposition method to decouple some constraints while maximizing social welfare. We have also introduced a demand response call event with the main objective to take into consideration the system operational constraints. Through the coordination via local marginal prices, we have obtained a decentralized and distributed bidding/buyback scheme proposing a demand side management program that preserves the integrity of the private information of the different participants.
Industry Review of Distributed Production in Discrete Manufacturing
Authors: Helu Moneer , Sobel William , Nelaturi Saigopal , Waddell Russell , Hibbard Scott 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Distributed production paradigms have grown in discrete manufacturing as discrete products are increasingly made by global, distributed networks. Challenges faced by discrete manufacturing, such as increased globalization, market volatility, workforce shortages, and mass personalization have necessitated scalable solutions that improve the agility of production systems. These challenges have driven the need for better collaboration and coordination in production via improved integration of production systems across the product life cycle. This paper describes key industry use cases to motivate the research and development needed for distributed production in discrete manufacturing. The technological challenges that have hindered distributed production in discrete manufacturing are presented as a state-of-the-art review of the standards and technologies that have been developed to overcome these challenges. Based on this review, future research directions are described to address the needs of industry and achieve the goals of distributed production in discrete manufacturing.
Pressure drop: Securitising and de-securitising safeguarding
Authors: McKendrick David , Finch Jo 
Published: April 2020

INTRODUCTION: This article explores how securitisation theory is mobilised in contemporary social work discourse, policy and practice. We draw on recent child protection research to support our claim that a new practice issue, described previously as securitised safeguarding, has emerged.APPROACH: We demonstrate its emergence using securitisation theory as a conceptual mode of analysis to describe how a securitised safeguarding response depicts particular families as an existential threat which, in turn, prompts a response characterised by forms of muscular liberalism.CONCLUSIONS: We argue that this emerging practice issue requires critical consideration and suggest it will have a significant impact on social work – one that is unlikely to be beneficial for the profession and, more importantly, families being worked with. By describing a process of de-securitisation, we offer an alternative and more nuanced approach that perceives families holistically, and mobilises a welfare safeguarding model. This more closely resembles traditional social work values of emancipation, liberation and empowerment within social work practice.
Contemporary Insights Into the Genetics of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Toward a New Era in Clinical Testing?
Authors: Mazzarotto Francesco , Olivotto Iacopo , Boschi Beatrice , Girolami Francesca , Poggesi Corrado , Barton Paul J. R. , Walsh Roddy 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Genetic testing for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (
HCM
) is an established clinical technique, supported by 30 years of research into its genetic etiology. Although pathogenic variants are often detected in patients and used to identify at‐risk relatives, the effectiveness of genetic testing has been hampered by ambiguous genetic associations (yielding uncertain and potentially false‐positive results), difficulties in classifying variants, and uncertainty about genotype‐negative patients. Recent case‐control studies on rare variation, improved data sharing, and meta‐analysis of case cohorts contributed to new insights into the genetic basis of
HCM
. In particular, although research into new genes and mechanisms remains essential, reassessment of Mendelian genetic associations in
HCM
argues that current clinical genetic testing should be limited to a small number of validated disease genes that yield informative and interpretable results. Accurate and consistent variant interpretation has benefited from new standardized variant interpretation guidelines and innovative approaches to improve classification. Most cases lacking a pathogenic variant are now believed to indicate non‐Mendelian
HCM
, with more benign prognosis and minimal risk to relatives. Here, we discuss recent advances in the genetics of
HCM
and their application to clinical genetic testing together with practical issues regarding implementation. Although this review focuses on
HCM
, many of the issues discussed are also relevant to other inherited cardiac diseases.
Novel 2019 coronavirus: Genome structure, clinical trials, and outstanding questions
Authors: Jogalekar Manasi P , Veerabathini Anurag , Gangadaran Prakash 
Published: April 2020

Novel 2019 coronavirus has created havoc across the globe since its emergence in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and fast spreading potential. While we were able to identify the causative agent within a few days of the disease outbreak, several questions still remain unanswered. In this review, we discuss the extent of virus spread, current statistics, SARS-CoV-2 genome organization, comparison between the novel coronavirus and causative agents involved in previous outbreaks, ongoing clinical trials and myths associated with the virus. Lastly, we provide insights into the future perspectives which could prove useful for the scientific community as they work on finding the cure against the disease. Impact statement Early availability of the sequence, the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), has prompted efforts towards identifying a safe and effective vaccine in the current public health emergency. To that end, understanding the pathophysiology of disease is crucial for scientists around the world. Since conventional vaccine development and manufacturing may take several years, it is important to think about alternative strategies that we could use to mitigate imminent catastrophe. We hope that this article will open up new avenues and provide insights that could potentially save hundreds of lives affected by COVID-19.
Bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty: A systematic review of clinical outcomes
Authors: Smith John-Rudolph H , Houck Darby A , Hart Jessica A , Bravman Jonathan T , Frank Rachel M , Vidal Armando F , McCarty Eric C 
Published: April 2020

Background The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical outcomes following bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Methods A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases following PRISMA guidelines was performed. English-language literature published from 2010 to 2018 analyzing bilateral TSA (anatomic and/or reverse) with a minimum one-year follow-up was reviewed by two independent reviewers. Study quality was evaluated with the Modified Coleman Methodology Score and the methodological index for non-randomized studies score. Results Eleven studies (1 Level II, 3 Level III, 7 Level IV) with 292 patients were included. Two studies reported on bilateral anatomic TSA ( n = 54), six reported on bilateral reverse TSA (RTSA; n = 168), two reported on anatomic TSA with contralateral RTSA (TSA/RTSA; n = 31), and one compared bilateral anatomic TSA ( n = 26) and bilateral RTSA ( n = 13). Among studies, mean revision rate ranged from 0% to 10.53% and mean complication rate ranged from 4.9% to 31.3%. At final follow-up, patients experienced significant overall improvements in range of motion and patient-reported outcome score measurements. However, bilateral anatomic TSA resulted in greater improvements in external rotation compared to bilateral RTSA. Overall patient satisfaction was 91.0%. Conclusion The available data indicate that bilateral TSA allows for functional and pain improvements and result in high patient satisfaction. Level of evidence IV.
Glenoid bone grafting in primary anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Betty , Niroopan Gavinn , Gohal Chetan , Alolabi Bashar , Leroux Timothy , Khan Moin 
Published: April 2020

Background Primary anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty can be challenging in patients with complex glenoid wear patterns and bone loss. Severe retroversion (>15°) or significant bone loss may require bone grafting. This review summarizes the rate of revision and long-term outcomes of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with bone graft. Methods A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and CENTRAL databases was conducted from the date of inception to 23 October 2018. Two reviewers independently screened articles for eligibility and extracted data for analysis. The primary outcome was rate of revision. The secondary outcomes were rate of component loosening, functional outcome, and range of motion. Results Of the 1056 articles identified in the search, 26 underwent full-text screening and 7 articles were included in the analysis. All procedures were one-stage anatomic total shoulder arthroplasties. The rate of revision was 5.4% with component loosening and infection listed as indications over a weighted mean follow-up period of 6.3 years. Complications occurred in 12.6% of patients. Conclusion Glenoid bone grafting in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty results in comparable revision rates and improvement in pain compared to augmented glenoid components and reverse shoulder arthroplasty. Due to the low quality of evidence, further prospective studies should be conducted. Level of evidence IV