bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Prenylated Constituents in Commercial Hops Samples Using Ultrahigh-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
Authors: Schretter Carmen , Langeder Julia , Freisinger Victoria , Rollinger Judith M. , Grienke Ulrike 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe importance of hops (the flowers of Humulus lupulus) as food and an herbal remedy is reflected by a large number of analytical methods published. However, supercritical fluid chromatography, a highly efficient, rapid, and “green” separation technique, has not been considered for hops samples so far. This prompted us to establish the first supercritical fluid chromatography-based protocol for the separation, identification, and quantitation of five prenylated constituents of hops. Hulupinic acid (1), a prominent oxidation product of hop acids, three flavanones, i.e., 8-prenylnaringenin (2), 6-prenylnaringenin (3), and isoxanthohumol (4), as well as the chalcone xanthohumol (5) could be baseline separated in less than 5 minutes using a Viridis BEH 2-EP column (3.0 × 100 mm; 1.7 µm particle size) and a mobile phase consisting of CO2 and isopropanol. Good results regarding selectivity, accuracy (recovery rates: 85.0 – 113.1%), precision (intra-day ≤ 2.1%, inter-day ≤ 3.5%), and linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99) were obtained for both photodiode array and mass detection. The lowest detection limit at 220 nm was at 0.1 µg/mL (1, 3, and4), with mass detection even at 0.001 µg/mL (4). As an application example of the validated method, the five hops constituents were quantified in three dietary supplements, one herbal medicinal product, and two batches of hop flowers (Lupuli flos). In most samples analyzed, the major component was5 (0.01 – 1.02%), whereas the major component in Lupuli flos samples was compound1 (0.12 – 0.21%). This protocol offers a fast and environmentally friendly alternative to liquid chromatography for the quality control of hops.
Multiple Ligament Knee Injuries: Does the Knee Dislocation Classification Predict the Type of Surgical Management?
Authors: Maxwell Garrett T. , Warth Ryan J. , Amin Adeet , Darlow Matthew A. , Bailey Lane , Lowe Walter R. , Harner Christopher D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate relationships among multiple ligament knee injury (MLKI) patterns as classified according to the knee dislocation (KD) classification and the types of surgical management pursued. We hypothesized that the KD classification would not be predictive of the types of surgical management, and that categorizing injuries according to additional injury features such as structure, chronicity, grade, and topographic location would be predictive of the types of surgical management. This is a Retrospective cohort study. This study was conducted at a level I trauma center with a 150-mile coverage radius. Query of our billing database was performed using combinations of 43 billing codes (International Classification of Diseases [ICD] 9, ICD-10, and Current Procedural Terminology) to identify patients from 2011 to 2015 who underwent operative management for MLKIs. There were operative or nonoperative treatment for individual ligamentous injuries, repair, or reconstruction of individual ligamentous injuries, and staging or nonstaging or nonstaging of each surgical procedure. The main outcome was the nature and timing of clinical management for specific ligamentous injury patterns. In total, 287 patients were included in this study; there were 199 males (69.3%), the mean age was 30.2 years (SD: 14.0), and the mean BMI was 28.8 kg/m2 (SD: 7.4). There were 212 injuries (73.9%) categorized as either KD-I or KD-V. The KD classification alone was not predictive of surgery timing, staging, or any type of intervention for any injured ligament (p > 0.05). Recategorization of injury patterns according to structure, chronicity, grade, and location revealed the following: partial non-ACL injuries were more frequently repaired primarily (p < 0.001), distal medial-sided injuries were more frequently treated operatively than proximal medial-sided injuries (odds ratio [OR] = 24.7; p <0.0001), and staging was more frequent for combined PCL-lateral injuries (OR = 1.3; p = 0.003) and nonavulsive fractures (OR = 1.2; p = 0.0009). The KD classification in isolation was not predictive of any surgical management strategy. Surgical management was predictable when specifying the grade and topographic location of each ligamentous injury. This is a Level IV, retrospective cohort study.
Effect of Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine on the Anesthetic and Recovery Profile of Sevoflurane-Based Anesthesia in Patients Presenting for Supratentorial Neurosurgeries: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Prathapadas Unnikrishnan , Hrishi Ajay Prasad , Appavoo Arulvelan , Vimala Smita , Sethuraman Manikandan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background Dexmedetomidine could be a suitable adjuvant in neuroanesthesia due to its analgesic and anesthetic-sparing properties with the added advantage of facilitating intraoperative neuromonitoring. However, its recovery profile is still debated upon, as in neuroanesthesia, a prompt recovery is essential for postoperative neurologic assessment. We designed this study to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the anesthetic and recovery profile of patients presenting for supratentorial neurosurgeries.

Materials and Methods Forty adult patients undergoing supratentorial surgeries were recruited in this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study and were divided into two groups: group S and group SD. Both groups received sevoflurane and fentanyl for maintenance, whereas group SD alone received a low dose of dexmedetomidine infusion. Recovery parameters, opioid consumption, Richmond Agitation–Sedation Scale (RASS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, incidence of nausea and vomiting, and intraoperative hemodynamics were analyzed.

Results  There were no statistically significant differences between the groups S and SD in case of recovery parameters—time taken (in minutes, presented as median with interquartile range [IQR]) for (1) eye-opening to command: 9.5 (8–18) versus 22.5 (5–47.5) (p = 0.414); 2) following verbal command: 10.5 (8.25–29.5) versus 25 (10–28.75) (p = 0.512); (3) extubation: 11 (9.25–22) versus 25 (10–30) (p = 0.277); and (4) getting oriented to place, time, and date: 23 (20–52.75) versus 27.5 (25–36.5) (p = 0.121). Fentanyl consumption was significantly less in group SD (451 ± 39.3) versus group S (524.3 ± 144.1) (p = 0.034). The median RASS score with IQR and the median VAS scores with IQR were comparable between the groups at all time points. Of the 20 patients in group S, 5 had complaints of nausea and vomiting compared with none in the group SD, although it was not statistically significant. The hemodynamic parameters did not show a significant difference between the groups except for a surge in mean arterial pressure at 30 minutes in group S.

Conclusion Low-dose dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to sevoflurane- and fentanyl-based anesthesia could provide stable hemodynamics and lesser anesthetics and opioid consumption, without adversely affecting the recovery profile in patients undergoing supratentorial neurosurgical procedures.
Metabolic Disorders Presenting with Seizures in the Neonatal Period
Authors: Brimble Elise , Ruzhnikov Maura R.Z. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetabolic disorders represent rare but often treatable causes of seizures and epilepsy of neonatal onset. As seizures are relatively common in the neonatal period, systemic clues to a specific diagnosis may be lacking or shrouded by acute illness. An important role of the consulting pediatric neurologist is to identify neonates with a possible metabolic or otherwise genetic diagnosis. In this review, the authors describe presenting signs and symptoms, a diagnostic framework, and disorder-specific treatment options for inborn errors of metabolism that may present in the neonatal period. Specific attention is given to the neurologic aspects of each condition, including the electroclinical phenotype and findings on brain imaging. As expedited diagnosis and prompt initiation of available therapies have been demonstrated to result in improved epilepsy and developmental outcomes, this work acts as a framework to guide evaluation when an inherited metabolic disorder is suspected. In addition to informing treatment, a definitive diagnosis allows for appropriate counseling regarding prognosis, any associated screening or preventive measures, and family planning.
Detection of high codimensional bifurcations in variational PDEs
Authors: Kreusser L M , McLachlan R I , Offen C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We derive bifurcation test equations for A-series singularities of nonlinear functionals and, based on these equations, we propose a numerical method for detecting high codimensional bifurcations in parameter-dependent PDEs such as parameter-dependent semilinear Poisson equations. As an example, we consider a Bratu-type problem and show how high codimensional bifurcations such as the swallowtail bifurcation can be found numerically. In particular, our original contributions are (1) the use of the Infinite-Dimensional Splitting Lemma, (2) the unified and simplified treatment of all A-series bifurcations, (3) the presentation in Banach spaces, i.e. our results apply both to the PDE and its (variational) discretization, (4) further simplifications for parameter-dependent semilinear Poisson equations (both continuous and discrete), and (5) the unified treatment of the continuous problem and its discretisation.
Online Learning Design At Higher Education: An Example From Mathematics Classroom
Authors: Lubis A , Ritonga A , Hia Y , Nasution A A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The rapid increase of technological consumption in many aspects has left educational institutions a great demand to apply it, including higher education. At higher education, the lecturers generally undertake the teaching and learning process out of class. In this case, one possible approach to facilitate this distant learning is through virtual classroom (online learning). The potential use of online learning rises the needs towards how it should be designed. Thus, this paper attempts to discuss about designing online learning that can help enhance student learning and make them engage with the content. An example of classroom implementation was depicted from Mathematics course. The data were collected through an analysis of developmental study conducted at two Indonesian universities. The results of this study indicate that there are four main concerns in designing constructive online learning (1) course arrangement; (2) content appearance; (3) collaborative and interactive; and (4) well-timed response.
Critical Thinking Skills of Mathematics Prospective Teachers: An Exploration Study at Medan State University
Authors: Firdaus M , Mukhtar  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aims to examine mathematics prospective teachers’ critical thinking skills at mathematics education program, Medan State University. This research is intended to contribute to the program to improve the professionalism of prospective mathematics teachers in critical thinking, one of the important skills in the 21st century. The results of this study will be the basis for further action in developing a learning models with reference to the current status of math prospective teachers’ critical thinking skills. In this study, data analysis was carried out through quantitative analysis. The Watson and Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal in the Indonesian version was administered for data collection. Data was collected from 165 prospective teachers during the first semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. The results showed that prospective teachers’ critical thinking grades are in average level. Therefore, further studies must be carried out to identify and overcome deficiencies, to enhance critical thinking in math prospective teacher students.
How Can We Support University of Mathematics Education Student to Learn about Design-Based Research?
Authors: Nasution A A , Mansyur A , Haris D , Suwanto F R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The industrial revolution 4.0 requires human resources who can design and make innovation in various fields including education. The design and innovation cannot be separated from the role of research. DBR as one of the research methodologies is a bridge between the innovations that are developed with the practice in formal education. Validation in a real context provides certainty that the research design can be used effectively to assess, inform, and improve activity at least in that context. However, many university student have not used DBR in educational research. The results of the questionnaire and interviews showed that many mathematics education students have no prior experience about DBR. In fact, as prospective educators, they should know DBR as a provision in designing innovative learning in for their future career. Therefore, this study aims to describe our step in course about how to support students to understand and be skilled in applying DBR. By emphasizing the student centred learning combined with context-based problems, we have succeeded in guiding students starting from strengthening DBR theory, designing learning that is appropriate to the student context, applying its design in the classroom, and finally, students can produce a valid and innovative learning design.
Bacterial Composition in Shrimp Paste of Northern Sumatra Related to Flavor and Chemical Properties
Authors: Jamilah I , Suryanto D , Priyani N , Khoiriah W N , Hartanto A , Ahmad F 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Various bacterial species may be involved in the process of shrimp paste or Terasi fermentation which affects the flavor and aroma of the product. This study investigated the culturable bacterial isolates from each terasi with favored and unfavored taste along with its chemical properties. Four shrimp pastes were collected as representative samples from Northern Sumatra namely Asahan, Tanjung Pura, Tanjung Balai, and Langsa. The method of sample selection was purposive random sampling.The hedonic test was performed by 30 panelists to differentiate the favored and unfavored shrimp pastes. Bacteria were isolated from Terasi with the highest score for taste and aroma using Nutrient Agar medium + 10% NaCl and several cultures were heated at 800C for 15 min for isolated Bacillus spp. The shrimp pastes were tested for their chemical characteristics in percentage (%) e.g water content, carbohydrate, total fat, protein and salt content (NaCl). The hedonic test results showed that the shrimp paste originated from Langsa (Aceh) produced the highest score for taste (80.6%), aroma (81.1%) and the aroma of fresh shrimp paste (71.4%).The chemical characteristics of Northen Sumatra shrimp paste were, water content ranging from 29-34%, carbohydrate 0.89-2.91%, total fat 1.97-2.39%, protein 25-38%, and salt content 9.83-24%. Seven bacterial isolates were obtained from Langsa shrimp paste coded as IW1, IW2, IW3 and IW4 and three suspected Bacillus coded as B1, B2, and B3.
Learning Management System (LMS) Based On Moodle To Improve Students Learning Activity
Authors: Simanullang N H S , Rajagukguk J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Learning Management System (LMS) is an application software that used to help in the online learning process. Moodle is one of the most popular LMS applications and is very appropriate for online learning study. Moodle has various features that are able to support student activities online. Some learning activities supported by moodle are (1) Videos; (2) Discussion forums; (3) Chat; (4) Materials; and (5) Quiz. This research is a quasi-experiment research that is research conducted to see the effect a treatment of the sample in this research is students. The aims of this research is to look at student learning activities that are learned in online using by LMS based Moodle applications.
Fast state tomography with optimal error bounds
Authors: Guţă M , Kahn J , Kueng R , Tropp J A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Projected least squares is an intuitive and numerically cheap technique for quantum state tomography: compute the least-squares estimator and project it onto the space of states. The main result of this paper equips this point estimator with rigorous, non-asymptotic convergence guarantees expressed in terms of the trace distance. The estimator’s sample complexity is comparable to the strongest convergence guarantees available in the literature and—in the case of the uniform POVM—saturates fundamental lower bounds. Numerical simulations support these competitive features.
Kinetics of drug release profile from maleic anhydride-grafted-chitosan film
Authors: Timotius Daniel , Kusumastuti Yuni , Imani Nadya Alfa Cahaya , Rochmadi  , Putri Nur Rofiqoh Eviana , Rahayu Suprihastuti Sri , Wirawan Sang Kompiang , Ikawati Muthi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A modified functional group of chitosan film was successfully prepared. Maleic anhydride (MA) was used to introduce carboxylic functional groups into chitosan film to enhance the drug loading capacity of the film and also control the drug release. The experiment was carried out by adding various amounts of MA into a chitosan solution, followed by loading the drug into the mixed solution. The drug release study was conducted by immersing the chitosan film in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution (pH 7.4) as a body fluid model. This study was carried out in purpose to study the release kinetics of a drug from the modified chitosan film. Hence, the drug release data obtained were correlated with three mathematical models of drug release kinetics: Higuchi’s model, Peppas’ Model, and First-order model. Finally, the results revealed that the modified chitosan film exhibited a controlled release profile. Among the three mathematical models, the drug release profile from the modified chitosan film was best fitted with the First-order model.
The recent colonization history of the most widespread Podocarpus tree species in Afromontane forests
Authors: Migliore Jérémy , Lézine Anne-Marie , Hardy Olivier J 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsAfromontane forests host a unique biodiversity distributed in isolated high-elevation habitats within a matrix of rain forests or savannahs, yet they share a remarkable flora that raises questions about past connectivity between currently isolated forests. Here, we focused on the Podocarpus latifolius–P. milanjianus complex (Podocarpaceae), the most widely distributed conifers throughout sub-Saharan African highlands, to infer its demographic history from genetic data.MethodsWe sequenced the whole plastid genome, mitochondrial DNA regions and nuclear ribosomal DNA of 88 samples from Cameroon to Angola in western Central Africa and from Kenya to the Cape region in eastern and southern Africa to reconstruct time-calibrated phylogenies and perform demographic inferences.Key ResultsWe show that P. latifolius and P. milanjianus form a single species, whose lineages diverged during the Pleistocene, mostly between approx, 200 000 and 300 000 years BP, after which they underwent a wide range expansion leading to their current distributions. Confronting phylogenomic and palaeoecological data, we argue that the species originated in East Africa and reached the highlands of the Atlantic side of Africa through two probable latitudinal migration corridors: a northern one towards the Cameroon volcanic line, and a southern one towards Angola. Although the species is now rare in large parts of its range, no demographic decline was detected, probably because it occurred too recently to have left a genetic signature in our DNA sequences.ConclusionsDespite the ancient and highly fluctuating history of podocarps in Africa revealed by palaeobotanical records, the extended distribution of current P. latifolius/milanjianus lineages is shown to result from a more recent history, mostly during the mid-late Pleistocene, when Afromontane forests were once far more widespread and continuous.
CYD Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine Performance by Baseline Immune Profile (Monotypic/Multitypic) in Dengue-Seropositive Individuals
Authors: DiazGranados Carlos A , Langevin Edith , Bonaparte Matthew , Sridhar Saranya , Machabert Tifany , Dayan Gustavo , Forrat Rémi , Savarino Stephen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe immune profile of dengue-experienced individuals is a determinant of dengue reinfection severity risk. Individuals with a single prior dengue infection (monotypic) are at highest risk for severe disease, while individuals with ≥ 2 prior dengue infections (multitypic) are at lower risk. The tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) has shown efficacy in the prevention of dengue in individuals with prior dengue infection. We estimated efficacy in individuals with monotypic or multitypic immune profiles.MethodsParticipants enrolled in the immunogenicity subsets of 2 randomized placebo-controlled phase 3 studies (CYD14, NCT01373281; CYD15, NCT01374516) were classified as either monotypic or multitypic, based on measured baseline dengue plaque reduction neutralization test. Vaccine efficacy (VE) against symptomatic virologically confirmed dengue (VCD) was assessed over 25 months and against VCD hospitalization over 6 years.ResultsOf 3927 participants in the immunogenicity subsets, 496 and 257 in the CYD-TDV and placebo groups, respectively, were classified as monotypic immune, and 1227 and 612, respectively, as multitypic immune. VE against symptomatic VCD was 77.4% (95% CI, 56.4%–88.2%) for monotypic and 89.2% (95% CI, 71.5%–95.9%) for multitypic profiles, with corresponding absolute risk reductions (ARRs) of 4.48% (95% CI, 2.32%–6.65%) for monotypics and 1.67% (95% CI, .89%–2.46%) for multitypics. VE against hospitalized VCD was 75.3% (95% CI, 42.7%–90.2%) in monotypics and 81.2% (95% CI, 21.7%–96.8%) in multitypics, with ARRs of 0.95% (95% CI, .37%–1.53%) for monotypics and 0.18% (95% CI, .02%–.34%) for multitypics.ConclusionsCYD-TDV benefits individuals with monotypic and multitypic immune profiles. Larger public health benefit is expected to derive from the protection of individuals with a monotypic immune profile.