bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatilomics of Capsicum pubescens Plants Infested by Solenopsis geminata: Unraveling the Role of Oleic and Palmitic Acids in Plant‐Fire Ant Interaction
Authors: Coyotl‐Pérez Wendy Abril , Ángeles‐López Yesenia Ithaí , Luna‐Suárez Silvia , Rosas‐Cárdenas Flor de Fátima , Villa‐Ruano Nemesio 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSolenopsis geminata is an aggressive pest of manzano pepper (Capsicum pubescens) crops. Herein, we report on the volatilomics profiling of manzano pepper plants obtained during S. geminata infestation by solid‐phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. As a result, 68 volatile organic compounds were identified from ants, non‐infested plants, and infested plants, including terpenes, esters, steroids, aldehydes, phenylpropanoids, and fatty acids. As a remarkable finding, oleic and palmitic acids were the main compounds released during ant infestation. These fatty acids were evaluated as biocidal or repellent agents under in vitro and in situ conditions. From these experiments, the biocidal effect of palmitic acid was more potent (median lethal dose [LC50], 0.97 mg/cm2) than that of oleic acid (LC50, 5.03 mg/cm2) on S. geminata workers. Nevertheless, only oleic acid had a repellent effect under in situ conditions (p < 0.01). Our results represent new insights into the role of both fatty acids in manzano pepper defense mechanisms.
Discovery of Novel Low Bee‐Toxicity Aphicidal α‐Butenolide: Design and Optimization Based on a Progressive Strategy of Acetylcholine Binding Protein and Calculated Oil–Water Partition Coefficient
Authors: Zou Renxuan , Li Xiang , Wang Na , Zhou Jinyang , Wu Cong , Li Mingjun , Lu Xingxing , Han Qing , Huang Jiaxing , Duan Hongxia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe development of novel insecticides with low bee toxicity has become increasingly urgent as many high bee‐toxicity neonicotinoids have been progressively restricted. In this study, novel halogenated phenyl‐substituted α‐butenolide compounds were designed, optimized and synthesized through a progressive strategy based on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the calculated oil–water partition coefficient (ClogP) of compounds. Among these, the difluorophenyl‐substituted compound 3cj (lethal medium concentration [LC50] = 40.96 µg/mL) exhibited the highest insecticidal activity against Myzus persicae and a relatively low ClogP of 4.25. The molecular docking study revealed that compound 3cj mainly interacted with two key residues TRP147 and TYR188 of Aplysia californica‐acetylcholine‐binding protein. The bee‐toxicity bioassay and molecular mechanism study indicated that compound 3cj exhibited low acute contact toxicity against Apis mellifera, probably due to its reduced binding energy with the honeybee chimeric receptor AmeIα8/ratβ2. This study provides rational guidance for novel α‐butenolide compounds as low bee‐toxicity insecticidal candidates based on their target receptors and molecular physicochemical properties.
A Recent Update on the Role of Estrogen and Progesterone in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Suganya S. , Ashok Ben Sundra , Ajith Thekkuttuparambil Ananthanarayanan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease responsible for 60%–80% dementia cases globally. The disease is more prevalent among elder females. Female reproductive hormones are found to be essential for cellular activities in brain. The physiological role of neurotrophins and sex hormones in hippocampal region during neurogenesis and neuron differentiation was studied as well. In addition to triggering cellular pathways, estrogen and progesterone carry out a number of biological processes that lead to neuroprotection. They might have an impact on learning and memory. One of estrogen's modest antioxidant properties is its direct scavenging of free radicals. The neurotrophic effect of estrogen and progesterone can be explained by their ability to rise the expression of the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA. Additionally, they have the ability to degrade beta‐amyloid and stop inflammation, apoptotic neuronal cell death, and tau protein phosphorylation. To enhance their neuroprotective action, various cross‐talking pathways in cells that are mediated by estrogen, progesterone, and BDNF receptors. This include signaling by mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular regulated kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B, and phospholipase/protein kinase C. Clinical research to establish the significance of these substances are fragmented, despite publications claiming a lower prevalence of AD when medication is started before menopause. This review article emphasizes an update on the role of estrogen, and progesterone in AD.
Effect of Linker Length on the Function of Biotinylated OSW‐1 Probes
Authors: Khine Myat Nyein , Isogai Naho , Takeshita Tomoya , Sakurai Kaori 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe biotinylated probes based on anticancer saponin OSW‐1 with varied linker lengths were synthesized and their cell growth inhibitory activity and affinity pulldown efficiency were evaluated. All probes demonstrated comparable cytotoxicity to the parent natural product, highlighting that the linker moiety had a minimal impact on cell uptake or target engagement. In contrast, when evaluated against the known target proteins, OSBP and ORP4, the biotinylated probe 3 with PEG5 linker enabled most effective enrichment of target proteins in the affinity pulldown assay, suggesting that the cytotoxicity and pulldown efficiency did not correlate among the probes studied. Our data provided the first evidence that OSW‐1 specifically binds to endogenously expressed OSBP and ORP4. The selectivity of affinity pulldown using probe 3 was also validated by facile identification of the enriched protein by silver staining and LC/MS analysis. Therefore, probe 3 with PEG5 linker comprising of 25 atoms (28 Å) was found as an optimal biotinylated probe for isolating OSW‐1 binding proteins from cell lysate.
Dinuclear Ru(II) Complexes Containing Tetrapyrido[3,2‐a : 2,3‐c : 3,2‐h : 2′′′,3′′′‐j]Phenazine Ligand for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Kushwaha Rajesh , Banerjee Samya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRuthenium complexes are among the most extensively studied and developed luminescent transition‐metal complexes for anticancer applications. Dinuclear Ru(II) complexes have caught significant interest for larger size, higher charge, and variable complex shapes. In this concept, we have explored past and recent works on the possible biological applications of versatile tetrapyrido[3,2‐a : 2,3‐c : 3,2‐h : 2′′′,3′′′‐j]phenazine (tppz)‐based dinuclear Ru(II) complexes with a focus on their use as quadruplex DNA probes, organelle imaging, and phototherapeutic agents. This concept also points out that a particular type of dinuclear Ru(II) complexes can act as multitargeting and multifunctional anticancer agents ‐making this an exciting research area in which an array of further applications will likely emerge.
Comprehensive Overview of Retrograde‐Antegrade Connection Techniques Without Externalization in Chronic Total Occlusion PCI: The Portal Techniques
Authors: Ungureanu Claudiu , Avran Alexandre , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Mashayekhi Kambis , Alaswad Khaldoon , Agostoni Pierfrancesco , Gasparini Gabriele , Colletti Giuseppe , Cocoi Mihai , Achim Alexandru , Wu Eugene B. , Novotný Vojtěch , Kovacic Mihajlo , Rathore Sudhir , La Manna Alessio , Noterdaeme Timothée , Gach Olivier , Bozinovic Nenad , Novelli Laura , Leibundgut Gregor 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdvancing the retrograde microcatheter (MC) into the antegrade guide catheter during retrograde chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be challenging or impossible, preventing guidewire externalization.ObjectivesTo detail and evaluate all the techniques focused on wiring to achieve intubation of the distal tip of a microcatheter, balloon, or stent with an antegrade or retrograde guidewire, aiming to reduce complications by minimizing tension on fragile collaterals during externalization and enabling rapid antegrade conversion in various clinical scenarios.MethodsWe describe the two main techniques, tip‐in and rendezvous, and their derivatives such a facilitated tip‐in, manual MC‐tip modification, tip‐in the balloon, tip‐in the stent, deep dive rendezvous, catch‐it and antegrade microcatheter probing. We provide case studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of these techniques in complex scenarios involving extreme vessel angulation, severe calcification, fragile collaterals, and challenging retrograde MC crossing without externalization.ConclusionThe development of advanced variants along with traditional techniques to establish retrograde guidewire connection and antegrade conversion has led to the establishment of a cohesive group of methods known as portal techniques. These approaches serve as strategic advantages in retrograde CTO‐PCI, providing a valuable and feasible alternative to conventional retrograde connection techniques, particularly when those techniques fail. Their ability to avoid the externalization process reduces potential damage to collateral channels and the ostium of the donor artery, potentially leading to a reduction in complication rates.
Comment on 26 cm Fall Caught on Video Causing Subdural Hemorrhages and Extensive Retinal Hemorrhages in an 8‐Month‐Old Infant
Authors: Shouldice Michelle , Smith Jennifer N. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis Letter to the Editor comments on and aims to clarify details regarding the case, 26 cm fall caught on video causing subdural hemorrhages and extensive retinal hemorrhages in an 8‐month‐old infant. The findings in this case are rarely reported in accidental injury events and are, therefore, important to understand.
Modified Method of Scalp Fixation Promotes Survival of Complete Scalp Avulsion Replantation
Authors: Xu Lei , Zhou Guangliang , Ju Wen , Zhang Yujun , Jin Qianheng , Li Lei , Hou Ruixing , Ju Jihui 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA complete scalp avulsion injury is rare but extremely challenging to treat. Because of the dense blood vessel bundles in the scalp, replantation failure may occur if there is a subcutaneous hematoma. The method of scalp fixation is crucial for replantation to be successful. We successfully treated a total scalp avulsion injury using a modified scalp fixation method, coupled with microsurgical anastomosis, to avoid subcutaneous hematoma effectively and achieved a satisfactory outcome with a follow‐up of 9 years postoperatively.
Tailoring Bimetallic Pt/Pd Cryogels for Efficient Ethanol Electro‐Oxidation
Authors: Borg Hadir , Zámbó Dániel , Bessel Patrick , Kranz Daniel , Rosebrock Marina , Lübkemann‐Warwas Franziska , Bigall Nadja C. , Dorfs Dirk 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCryogels made of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) are a unique material class with a high specific surface area and tunable microstructure. Flash freezing of the nanoparticle building blocks and subsequent freeze‐drying of the gels, the so‐called cryoaerogelation, allows significant control over morphology, stability and improved electrocatalytic performance. In the present work, the first bimetallic Pt/Pd cryogel films of mixed Pt and Pd NPs are prepared in different molar ratios. High‐resolution microscopic and spectroscopic characterization techniques are applied to confirm the final Pt : Pd ratio besides the distribution of nanoparticles throughout the cryogel structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the different prepared cryogel films show a cellular to dendritic superstructure regardless of the Pt and/or Pd composition in a highly reproducible manner. Elemental analysis shows homogenous distribution of Pt and Pd NPs at the microscale for all samples. Since the prepared materials are of utmost importance for catalytic applications, their electrocatalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) is investigated. Fine‐tuning the concentration of the building blocks, the structure, thickness, and composition of the porous coatings enables high electrocatalytic activity to be achieved. Cryogel thin films with an atomic ratio of 1 : 4 Pt : Pd have the highest electrocatalytic activity for EOR.
Comparison of Human and Porcine Natural Tooth Fluorescence—A Scoping Study to Inform Research on Dental Materials and Forensic Dentistry
Authors: Corfield Thomas , Higgins Denice 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesUnderstanding human tooth structure fluorescence aids clinical and forensic dentistry, enabling tissue/material differentiation and the creation of esthetic restorative materials. Material manufacturers seek to replicate natural tooth fluorescence, necessitating the development of novel techniques to detect them. Procuring human teeth for research is challenging due to ethical and infection control standards, prompting a search for alternative models.Material and MethodsThis study compares visible light‐induced fluorescence of porcine and human teeth to assess the value of porcine teeth as human analogs. Using a pulsed laser, an optimal fluorescence‐inducing wavelength was determined, followed by comparing fluorescence spectra between species.ResultsLuminescence sensitivity and lifetimes were comparable between species, but spectral geometry differed.ConclusionPorcine teeth, commonly used for dental material investigations, may not be suitable for dental fluorescence studies due to spectral differences. Accurately mimicking human tooth fluorescence remains complex. Further research is needed to develop reliable alternatives for dental fluorescence investigations that will advance clinical and forensic dentistry.
Habitat Stability Modulates Temporal β‐Diversity Patterns of Seagrass‐Associated Amphipods Across a Temperate–Subtropical Transition Zone
Authors: Navarro‐Mayoral Sandra , Otero‐Ferrer Francisco , Fernandez‐Gonzalez Victoria , Bosch Néstor E. , Fernández‐Torquemada Yolanda , Tomás Fiona , Terrados Jorge , Ferrero Vicente Luis Miguel , del Pilar‐Ruso Yoana , Espino Fernando , Tuya Fernando 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIdentifying drivers that shape biodiversity across biogeographical regions is important to predict ecosystem responses to environmental changes. While β‐diversity has been widely used to describe biodiversity patterns across space, the dynamic assembly of species over time has been comparatively overlooked. Insights from terrestrial and marine studies on temporal β‐diversity has mostly considered environmental drivers, while the role of biotic mechanisms has been largely ignored. Here, we investigated patterns of temporal variation in β‐diversity of seagrass‐associated amphipods. We conducted a study in three biogeographical regions across a temperate to subtropical latitudinal gradient (approximately 2000 km, 13° of latitude in total). In each region, we randomly selected three Cymodocea nodosa meadows, totaling nine meadows sampled seasonally (i.e., four times per year) from 2016 to 2018. We partitioned temporal β‐diversity into its turnover (i.e., species replacement) and nestedness (i.e., differences in species composition caused by species losses) components and addressed the relative influence of both temporal variation in habitat structure (i.e., biotic driver) and environmental conditions on the observed β‐diversity patterns. Our study revealed high temporal β‐diversity of amphipod assemblages across the three biogeographical regions, denoting significant fluctuations in species composition over time. We identified species turnover as the primary driver of temporal β‐diversity, strongly linked to temporal variability in local habitat structure rather than to regional climatic drivers. Subtropical Atlantic meadows with high structural stability over time exhibited the largest turnover rates compared with temperate Mediterranean meadows, under lower structural stability, where nestedness was a more relevant component of temporal β‐diversity. Our results highlight the crucial role of habitat stability in modulating temporal β‐diversity patterns on animals associated with seagrasses, stressing the importance of monitoring variations in habitat structure over time for developing management plans and restoration actions in the context of diversity loss and fragmentation of ecosystems.
Management of acute decompensated valvular heart disease
Authors: Lüsebrink Enzo , Lanz Hugo , Kellnar Antonia , Karam Nicole , Kapadia Samir , Makkar Raj , Abraham William T. , Latib Azeem , Leon Martin , Sannino Anna , Shuvy Mony , Guerrero Mayra , Fam Neil , Butler Javed , Adamo Marianna , Rudolph Volker , Tang Gilbert H.L. , Stocker Thomas J. , Rommel Karl‐Philipp , Lurz Philipp , Thiele Holger , Massberg Steffen , Praz Fabien , Prendergast Bernard , Hausleiter Jörg 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWorldwide, valvular heart disease (VHD) is a common cause of hospitalization for acute heart failure. In acute heart failure caused by VHD, symptoms result from rapid haemodynamic changes and subsequent decline in cardiac function, and if left untreated, leads to acute decompensation and cardiogenic shock. Current evidence remains scarce and recommendations regarding the management of acute heart failure caused by VHD are lacking in most recent international guidelines. Herein, we review the management of acute heart failure caused by VHD with a focus on transcatheter therapies and describe currently available evidence based on a systematic literature search on the following valve pathologies: (i) aortic stenosis, (ii) aortic regurgitation, (iii) mitral regurgitation, and (iv) mitral stenosis. Articles reporting outcomes following urgent or emergent valve intervention in the setting of cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure were considered. After screening a total of 2234 articles, 76 published between 1994 and 2023 were included in subsequent analysis. Based on available evidence, proposed treatment algorithms to guide optimal management of acute heart failure caused by VHD were created. As the number of patients presenting with acute heart failure caused by VHD continues to rise and outcomes following transcatheter valve interventions continue to improve, it is inevitable that minimally invasive options will play an increasingly important role in the acute setting, especially given these patients are at an increased operative risk. This review aims to present an organized approach to the complex management and interventional treatment of patients with acute heart failure caused by VHD.
Evaluating acceleration impact asymmetries during sprinting: Analyzing leg and track lane disparities among national athletes
Authors: Paz‐Paz Elí Obed , Pérez‐Soriano Pedro , Encarnación‐Martínez Alberto 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSprinting on bends demands biomechanical adjustments compared with straight‐line sprinting that results in asymmetrical force production in the lower extremities. This study aimed to assess acceleration impacts in the lower extremity and impact transmission when sprinting on bend versus straight lanes. Eight experienced sprinters (age 16.3 ± 1.7 years, mass 58.5 ± 11.4 kg, and height 1.72 ± 0.10 m), specializing in the 100, 200, and 400 m events, ran two bouts of 60 m lane heats at maximum speed on the straight lane and bend lanes one and eight (with radii of 37 and 45.10 m, respectively) of a standard 400 m track. Accelerometers on the tibias and head recorded acceleration impacts. Results revealed higher impact magnitudes in the outside leg during bend sprints compared with the inside leg (p < 0.05). Additionally, bend lanes exhibited higher impact magnitudes compared with the straight lane (p < 0.05). Asymmetrical acceleration impacts were observed during bend sprints, with greater asymmetry compared to straight sprints. However, the distribution of impact forces between the legs did not appear to be influenced by lane radius. This suggests that the specific biomechanical demands of bend sprinting differ significantly from those of straight sprinting. These findings emphasize the need for coaches to account for increased asymmetry and distinct impact patterns when training athletes for bend sprints compared to straight‐line sprints.
Effect of cold‐water immersion treatment on recovery from exercise‐induced muscle damage in the hamstring
Authors: Huang Yuh‐Chuan , Chen Hung‐Ting 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of five consecutive days of cold‐water immersion (CWI) on recovery from exercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD) in the hamstrings following maximal eccentric contraction (EC) exercise. Eighteen healthy adult women were randomly assigned to a CWI group and a control group (CG) (n = 9/group). Participants performed 10 sets of 10 repetitions of isokinetic EC at 30°/second and underwent maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) assessment, straight leg raise (SLR) test, and plasma myoglobin (Mb) measurement. The CWI group received one 14‐min session of CWI treatment (14°C) at 1, 25, 49, 73, and 97 h after the EC test, whereas the CG rested in a seated position at the same five time points without receiving treatment. (1) All the dependent variables in the CWI group and CG exhibited significant changes after the EC test (p < 0.05). (2) The recovery effect in the CWI group was significantly greater than in the CG in terms of the MVC, DOMS, SLR, and plasma Mb concentration results. MVC increased by 89.3 ± 2.0% on the fourth day (p < 0.013), DOMS decreased by 15.4 ± 1.5 mm on the second day (p < 0.000), SLR increased by 86.3 ± 1.1% on the second day (p < 0.014), and plasma Mb decreased by 436.3 ± 60.8% on the third day (p < 0.014). The study indicates that five consecutive days of CWI at 14°C significantly enhance recovery from exercise‐induced muscle damage in the hamstrings.
Medical students' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding hepatitis B and C virus infections in Jordan: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Suilik Husam Abu , Alfaqeh Osama , Alshrouf Abdalqader , Abdallah Omnia M. , AlSamhori Jehad Feras , Lataifeh Lujain , Alsbou Mohammad , Abusuilik Mohammad , Khalil Nawar , Odeh Mohand , Serhan Hashem Abu , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Hani Anas Bani 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsWe aimed to assess the levels of hepatitis B and C knowledge, attitudes, and practices among medical students in Jordan. A survey included participation from medical students across all faculties in Jordan, from 2022 to 2023.MethodsThe data were analyzed with The R Statistical Software (v4.1.2; R Core Team 2022) using descriptive statistics, and multivariate regression analyses. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsIn this study of 2602 participants, the average age was 21.4, with 52.6% females. Most were fourth‐year medical students (19.1%), and 52.3% were in clinical years. The mean knowledge score was 14 (SD ± 2.5) out of 20, categorized as high at 58.84%, and low at 41.16%. The mean practice score was 4.89 (SD ± 1.1) out of 7, with good practice in 65%, and low in 35%. The mean attitude score was 1.6 (SD ± 3.1), categorized as low in 81.7%, and high in 18.3%,. High levels of KAP were associated with gender, year of study, and university. Male respondents had lower knowledge (OR: 0.73; p: 0.001; 95% CI: −0.50 to −0.13), and students in the first to fifth years scored lower than sixth‐year students. There were moderate positive associations between knowledge and attitude (r: 0.33, p < 0.001), and weak positive associations between knowledge and practice (r: 0.17, p < 0.001), and attitude and practice (r: 0.133, p < 0.001).ConclusionIn conclusion, the participants revealed high adherence to some practices and intermediate knowledge levels. Gender, academic year, and university affiliation emerged as significant factors, highlighting the necessity for tailored interventions.