bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiebre amarilla selvática con serología positiva para leptospira en un varon joven peruano
Authors: Meregildo-Rodriguez Edinson Dante , Villegas-Chiroque Miguel 
Published: December 2019

Fiebre amarilla (FA) y leptospirosis son zoonosis endémicas subdiagnosticadas de las regiones tropicales de África y Sudamérica. Ambas, pueden ser clínicamente indistinguibles y presentarse como síndrome febril icterohemorrágico agudo. Reportamos el caso de un varón de 20 años, procedente del departamento de Amazonas que se presentó con nueve días de enfermedad caracterizada por falla multiorgánica (compromiso neurológico, renal, hepático, respiratorio, y hematológico). Recibió tratamiento antibiótico, soporte transfusional, dialítico, hemodinámico, y ventilatorio; y a pesar de la gravedad del cuadro clínico, evolucionó favorablemente. Se confirmó FA por Rt-PCR y se obtuvo serología positiva para leptospira por ELISA y microaglutinación. Sin embargo, no se pudo demostrar, desde el punto de vista laboratorial, coinfección real por FA y leptospira. Este caso de FA severa con desenlace no fatal enfatiza la importancia del diagnóstico sindrómico adecuado, y un tratamiento de soporte precoz y agresivo que puede salvar la vida del paciente.
Mutaciones que confieren resistencia a fármacos antituberculosis de primera línea en Perú: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Vigo Aiko , Solari Lely , Santos David , Puyén Zully M. 
Published: December 2019

Objetivos. Sistematizar la información disponible referente a las mutaciones que confieren resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosis de primera línea. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica para identificar artículos que reportaron mutaciones que confieren resistencia a fármacos antituberculosis de primera línea. Esta búsqueda hizo énfasis en la resistencia a los fármacos de isoniazida y rifampicina en cepas de M. tuberculosis de pacientes peruanos. La búsqueda fue realizada en PubMed y LILACS (Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud). Resultados. Se incluyeron 14 artículos de los cuales tres reportaron mutaciones asociadas con resistencia a isoniazida, seis a rifampicina, ocho a pirazinamida y uno a etambutol. Todas las mutaciones a isoniazida o rifampicina fueron identificadas directa o indirectamente mediante la prueba de diagnóstico molecular GenoType MTBDRplus® v2.0. La mayor variabilidad de mutaciones fue determinada en la resistencia a pirazinamida. Conclusiones. Existe una gran variabilidad de mutaciones asociadas con resistencia a fármacos antituberculosis que han sido reportadas en Perú, y se sistematizan en el presente reporte. Estas mutaciones deben de ser tomadas en cuenta para el desarrollo de dispositivos diagnósticos o selección de pruebas diagnósticas a ser aplicadas en nuestro país.
A New Therapeutic Approach to Foods: microRNA
Authors: BARAN Alper , ERDOĞAN Ahmet , ADGIÜZEL Mehmet Cemal , TURGUT Tamer 
Published: December 2019

With the development of
sequencing technology, microRNAs (miRNA) have between 19-24 bases in length
which play a role in cell communication was discovered. These miRNAs have
important tasks in the development and differentiation of cells, as well as in
metabolism. The miRNAs carried in the microvesicle are prevented from
degradation depending on the conditions such as extreme pH and temperature. In
the current studies, it has been determined that the foods have regulate the
activities at cellular level in metabolism by miRNA expression. ’This was first
demonstrated by detecting rice miR-168a which absorbed by digestive system. On the other hand, these
miRNAs were found to inhibit the mRNA expression of LDL RAP1 involved in
cholesterol transport. In studies where miRNAs have been absorbed by the
digestive system, it has been suggested that miRNAs, in particular animal origin,
pass into serum and plasma. With the miRNAs have this potential, it can be used
as biological markers for the prevention of the health problems associated with
diet. It’s known that foods contain the components such as fat, sugar, protein,
vitamin affect to metabolism not only, but also miRNAs affect it directly or
indirectly. A recent dietary miRNA
database was created with the increasing importance of foodborne miRNAs and
there are miRNA profiles associated with foods such as apples, Atlantic salmon,
bananas, chicken meat and egg, corn, beef fat and milk, breast milk, grapes,
oranges, pork, rice, tomato, soybeans and wheat in this database. In this
study, biosynthesis, the mechanism of action and presence in food and effects
on metabolism of miRNAs were discussed.
Gümüşhane İli İçin Bisiklet Ulaşımı Planlaması
Authors: ÇORUH Emine 
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bisikletin bir ulaşım aracı
olarak kullanılabilmesi için Gümüşhane kent merkezinde 10.500 metrelik bir
bisiklet yolu tasarlamaktır. Kentin özellikleri ve mevcut ulaşım ağ yapısı
göz önünde bulundurularak bir güzergâh belirlenmiştir. Seçilen güzergâh
boyunca; bisiklet yollarının tasarımı yapılarak uygulama projeleri ve
yaklaşık maliyetleri hazırlanmıştır. Ayrıca, şehir merkezi ve üniversite
kampüsünü kapsayan yüz yüze bir anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Anket
kapsamında, halkın bisiklet kullanma alışkanlığı, bisiklet sürmenin yararları hakkındaki
görüşleri ve önündeki engeller öğrenilmeye çalışılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarının
Ki-Kare ve Phi-Cramer V testleri ile değerlendirilmesi sonucunda,
katılımcıların cinsiyeti ile bisiklet kullanımı, eğitim düzeyi ile bisiklet
kullanımı ve bisikleti tanımlaması arasında önemli ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Tasarlanan
bisiklet yolu inşaat imalatlarının maliyeti 2.740.900 Türk Lirası (TL) olup
tek şeritli bir karayolu maliyeti ile kıyaslandığında yaklaşık üç kat daha az
bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, bisiklet kullanımının sağlıklı, güvenli, ekonomik,
çevre dostu ve kolay erişilebilir olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu özelliklerinden
dolayı bisiklet kullanımının sürdürülebilir ulaşım için kentsel ulaşım
sorunlarına en önemli çözümlerden biri olduğu görülmüştür.
Karabuğday Bitkisinin (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Bazı Ekofizyolojik Özellikleri Üzerine Kadmiyum ve Nikel’in Etkisi
Authors: LEBLEBİCİ Sema 
Published: December 2019

Karabuğday bitkisi (Fagopyrum esculentum
Moench.) Polygonaceae (Kuzukulağıgiller) familyasından Fagopyrum cinsine
ait tek yıllık otsu bir bitki türüdür.
Karabuğday tuzluluk, sıcaklık değişimi gibi abiyotik faktörde meydana
gelen değişimlere dayanıklı bir türdür. Abiyotik faktörlerden en önemlilerinden
biri ise ortamda ağır metallerin varlığıdır. Bu çalışmada Cd ve Ni metallerinin
karabuğday bitkisinin tohum çimlenme oranı, kök uzunluğu, kök ve gövde
taze-kuru ağırlığı, kök ve gövde biyokütlesi ve Cd ve Ni tolerans indeksine
etkisi araştırılmıştır. Farklı konsantrasyonlarda uygulanan Cd ve Ni kontrol
grubu ile karşılaştırılarak elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Elde
edilen sonuçlara göre çimlenme oranı azalmış ancak önemli bir azalma
görülmemiştir. Cd ve Ni uygulanan örneklerde konsantrasyon artışına bağlı
olarak kök uzunluğu, kök ve gövde taze-kuru ağırlığı ve biyokütle miktarında
azalma olduğu tespit edildi. Karabuğday bitkisinin incelenen ekofizyolojik
parametrelerinde Cd’un Ni metaline göre daha etkili olduğu belirlendi.
Antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of Heliotropium dolosum, H. lasiocarpum and H. hirsutissimum growing in Turkey
Authors: KARAKAYA Songül , KOCA Mehmet , KILIÇ Ceyda Sibel 
Published: December 2019

Alzheimer's
disease (AD) has encouraged science to find plants or biologic compounds which
can be utilized for prophylaxis of AD. Heliotropium
genus is presented by 16 taxa in Turkey and they contain pyrrolizidine
alkaloids, and certain are known to have antioxidant and anticholinesterase
activities. The paper displays the anticholinesterase and antioxidant
capacities of the aerial parts lyophilized aqueous extracts of H.
dolosum, H. lasiocarpum and H. hirsutissimum. Phenolic
contents and antioxidant activity of examples were determined by
Folin-Ciocalteu's, qualitative/quantitative DPPH and TBA. Anticholinesterase
activity was assessed by Ellman’s method. The total phenolic content of H. lasiocarpum extract was found the
highest (738.39 mg/g), however the total phenolic content of H. dolosum extract was found the lowest
(122.731 mg/g). Every example indicated that antioxidant activity with DPPH
test and H. lasiocarpum presented the
highest activities (69.99 μg/mL). Furthermore, the H. lasiocarpum extract indicated considerable inhibition towards
acetylcholinesterase (5.90%) and butyrylcholinesyterase (24.04%) enzymes. These
findings suggest that these Heliotropium species can be effective for
pharmaceutic products that achieve anticholinesterase and antioxidant
activities.
The Security Vulnerabilities on Internet-Enabled Embedded Systems
Authors: EFE Ahmet , SARIKAYA Melike , ALTINBAŞ Merve 
Published: December 2019

As technology is improved, mobile and small devices have been started
to be used more often in e-government and smart city applications. Although IoT
devices are exposed to attack, they do not have security standards and proper
built-in measures known by all. It is very difficult to define the security
breaches in the embedded systems, and it is a low possibility to detect the
vulnerabilities. Remote analysis of
embedded systems is very difficult. Embedded systems with the most security concerns
are networked embedded systems. This year, the ban on Huawei products by the US
and a number of western countries is due to the main concerns in cyber
security. IoT and embedded system security vulnerabilities in critical
infrastructures can now become an international problem involving the military
and governments. For this reason, a study carried out according to the general
structure of embedded systems to define and overcome these deficits. In this
work, security vulnerabilities in networked embedded systems and security
standards against these vulnerabilities are examined within the literature to
propose main characteristics of a secure IoT in both government and business
cyber environments.
Ardahan Üniversitesi Yenisey Kampüsü'nde Görev Yapan Personel ve Öğrenim Gören Öğrencilerin Su Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: DURSUN Nesrin 
Published: December 2019

Son
yıllarda, tatlı su talebinde artış olmuştur. Nüfus artışı, yaşam standartlarını
iyileştirme, tüketim modellerini değiştirme, sulanan tarımsal alanların
genişlemesi v.s. tatlı su talebi artışının nedenleri olarak sıralanabilir. Küresel ölçekte su kullanımı, çoğunlukla
tarımsal üretimle olup bununla birlikte endüstriyel ve evsel alanlarda
tüketilen ve kirlenen önemli derecede su miktarıyla gerçekleşmektedir. Arjen Y.
Hoekstra, tedarik zinciri boyunca su tüketimini göz önünde bulundurmuş ve
"su ayak izi" kavramının ortaya çıkmasını sağlamıştır. Su ayak izi,
bir tüketicinin veya üreticinin hem doğrudan hem de dolaylı su kullanımını
gözeten tatlı su tüketiminin bir göstergesidir. Su ayak izini değerlendirmede
genel amaç, insan faaliyetlerinin veya belirli ürünlerin su kıtlığı ve
kirliliği ile ilgili olduğunu, faaliyetlerin ve ürünlerin su perspektifinden
nasıl daha sürdürülebilir hale gelebileceğini analiz etmektir. Bu çalışma, Ardahan Üniversitesi Yenisey
Kampüsü'nde her birimde eşit sayıda personel ve öğrenci katılımı dikkate
alınarak uygulanmıştır. Kampüste görev yapan 160 personel ve öğrenim gören 160
öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 320 kişiye "Su Ayak İzi Ağı (Water Footprint Network-WFN)"ndaki sorular
yöneltilerek, kişisel tüketim davranışlarına bağlı olarak kampüsün su ayak
izinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Su ayak İzi Ağı'na göre personelin su ayak
izi ortalama 1420.4 m3/yıl,
öğrencilerin su ayak izi ortalama 1490.1 m3/yıl, toplam su ayak izi
ise ortalama 1455.2 m3/yıl olarak belirlenmiştir.
Awareness and attitude among parents of primary school students towards screen time in children
Authors: Shirley S. Alph , Kumar S. Santha 
Published: December 2019

Background: Screen time behavior in young children is highly influenced by parental attitude towards screen time.The objective of this study is to assess the awareness and attitude among parents of primary school students in the state of Tamil Nadu, India towards screen time in children. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the state of Tamil Nadu, India among 134 parents of primary school children. Data collected using a predesigned questionnaire were analyzed using suitable statistical methods.Results: Of the 134 participants, 48.5% were fathers and 51.5% mothers. Majority (77.6%) were in the age group of 24 to 35 years. Only 3.7% of the participants were aware of the exact screen time guidelines in children. 93.3% of the participants felt that it was important to limit screen time in children. 84.3% of the participants believed that the content of screen time should be controlled in children. 82.1% of parents felt that they should co view media with their children. 65.7% of the participants believed that the ideal screen time in children per day is 1 to 2 hours. 82.1% of the participants believed that using screen time as a replacement for caretaker was an important reason for increasing screen time. The awareness of adverse effects of increased screen time was high among the participants. 91.8% of the participants believed that establishing limits for screen time in children was the most efficient way to limit screen time in children. 89.6 % believed that increasing awareness among children was important.Conclusions: In this study, we conclude that majority of the parents were aware of the adverse effects of increasing screen time and want to establish healthy screen time behaviours in children.
A study on role of LATCH scoring in duration of exclusive breastfeeding in a rural tertiary care hospital, Puducherry: a prospective study
Authors: S. Karthika , M. Mathivanan , K. Maheswari , B. Hiremath P. , Devi M. Jesintha 
Published: December 2019

Background: Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months is the optimal way of feeding infants. NFHS4 data shows 45.5% of children were exclusively breastfed at 6 months in Puducherry. The Global Nutrition Targets 2025 aims at increasing EBF rates in first 6 months up to at least 50%. The main objective is to find areas of needed intervention using LATCH scoring and to find factors responsible for fall in rates of EBF.Methods: A prospective study was conducted between November 2017 and April 2019 (1½years). Mothers were educated about breastfeeding. LATCH score assessed at 8 and 48 hours of life. At 48hours, score >8 indicates there is a high chance for EBF for next 6 months and score <8 indicates, mother is having difficulty in feeding and are intervened at this point. Data about EBF and reason for early weaning at 6 weeks and 6 months collected.Results: LATCH score at 8 hours was >8 in infants delivered via NVD: 50% as against 9.6% in babies delivered via LSCS. At 48 hours LATCH score improved in both groups: 60.8% in babies delivered via NVD, 38.3% in babies delivered via LSCS. Compared to Primi-mothers, infants born to multigravida mothers had higher scores at 48 hours: 62.2% as against 31.1%. 84% were EBF at 6 weeks. 51% were EBF at 6 months. When mothers with LATCH score <8 at 48 hours were intervened, EBF rate at 6 weeks improved. Most common reason for early weaning at 6 weeks was maternal problems: 6.6% and at 6 months- due to influence of relatives: 27%.Conclusions: LATCH score helps in predicting breastfeeding duration as early as 48 hours of life. Low scores indicate, it requires intervention and identifies the areas of needed intervention. Counselling regarding EBF must include not only mothers but also relatives.
Comparative study of seasonal variability in peak expiratory flow rate amongst school children in rural and urban areas
Authors: Bhushan Bharat , Chopra Leena , Singh Surinder P. , Bhalla Shivam , Bharti Heena 
Published: December 2019

Background: Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) is a value test for lung function and can be conveniently measured by using relatively inexpensive and portable Peak Flow Meter, identifying and assessing the degree of airflow limitation of individuals. While PEFR is obviously related to factors like age, weight, height, race, gender, it may also be additionally affected by seasons and climate. The purpose of study being to observe seasonal variation in PEFR amongst school going children and to observe peak expiratory flow rate in school going children in urban and rural areas.Methods: This prospective and comparative study was carried out on total 600 children; with 300 each from rural and urban schools, of age group 10-14 years, both sexes. Peak expiratory flow meter was used for the measurements in the seasons of summer (April to June) and winter (December to February) of the year. The results thus obtained were compiled and analysed.Results: The mean PEFR value (Litres/min) during summers in the rural children was 243.50(S.D.=16.050) while during winters was 253.63(S.D.=16.934), highly significant (p<0.001); mean PEFR summers in the urban children was 241.50(S.D.=20.530)and during winters was 249.93(S.D.=21.685), again highly significant (p<0.001).In both rural and urban groups PEFR values increased with increase in height and weight of the children which was found to be highly significant (p<0.001). Girls representation proportion in rural vs urban schools being 49% vs 45%; whereas boys being 51% vs 55% respectively.Conclusions: Peak expiratory flow rate decreased during summer season of the year in both rural and urban school attending children. In both the groups PEFR values had a direct correlation with height and weight of the children. Rural schools showed more girl student representation than their urban counterparts indicating more awareness for girl child education amongst rural population.
Role of anatomical variations in chronic rhinosinusitis on diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography scan of paranasal sinuses
Authors: Parmar Falguni J. , Patel Avani D. 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE) and computed tomography (CT) of para nasal sinuses play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The aim and objective of the study is to see the anatomical variations of the sinonasal region in CRS on DNE and CT paranasal sinuses (PNS).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A descriptive type retrospective study of 30 patients attending the ENT outpatient department of our tertiary care center clinically diagnosed as CRS with symptoms persisting for 12 weeks or more, along with previously failed medical management, including topical nasal steroids, systemic decongestant and extended courses of antibiotics and who were willing to undergo endoscopic sinus surgery are included. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of the patients had septal deviation either an anterior or posterior deviation but majority of the cases are asymptomatic for the deviation. Anatomical variations of uncinate process, middle turbinate, inferior turbinate, frontal recess, agger nasi cells, haller cells were studied as well.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Prolonged duration of rhinosinusitis symptoms (more than 8-12 weeks) is the primary reason to evaluate a patient for CRS and making the choice between CT PNS or DNE is patient and disease dependent. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each helps us realize that they are of synergistic in nature and not competitive.</p>
Endoscopic tympanoplasty in subtotal perforations: conventional versus circumferential subannular grafting technique
Authors: Varghese Bindu Sara , Narayanan Nivee 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure to reconstruct hearing mechanism impaired by chronic ear disease<strong>. </strong>Endoscopic technique has advantage of being minimally invasive, having better surgical view of the field, lesser postoperative pain and shorter duration of surgery. The aim of this study was to compare surgical outcomes of two techniques of endoscopic tympanoplasty in subtotal perforations.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective, comparative study was carried out between October 2016 to October 2018, in the Department of ENT, KMCT Medical College. 40 patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups of 20 each, to avoid selection bias and sample size calculated using the sample size formula. Group A underwent endoscopic tympanoplasty by conventional technique and Group B by circumferential subannular graft technique. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Post-operative evaluation of the patients for graft status showed 75% had successful graft uptake in Group A and 95% in Group B both groups had comparable, significant hearing improvement post operatively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study showed that, in all cases of subtotal perforations, the circumferential sub annular graft technique yielded a superior result with regards to the graft uptake compared to the conventional technique. The closure of the mean air-bone gap were significant, and similar among both the groups.</p>
Prospective observational study evaluating the outcome of a fixed angle plate (proximal humerus internal locking system) in proximal humerus fractures
Authors: Ramachandran Kiran , Mathew Jackson , Koraboina Praveen , John Ponnezhathu Sebastian 
Published: December 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Proximal humerus fractures are common among elderly. The present study assesses the functional outcomes of fixed angle plate (proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS)) in fractures of proximal humerus.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 30 participants aged ≥18 years with proximal humerus fracture (2, 3 and 4 part) who underwent PHILOS fixation were enrolled. Undisplaced, open, severely comminuted, metastatic, and pathological fractures and with associated head injury and neurovascular injuries wew excluded. Clinical and radiological evaluation were done pre and post-operatively. Intraarticular extent of fracture geometry was assessed using 3-dimensional computed tomography. Participants were managed preoperatively with analgesics and shoulder immobilizer followed by preanesthetic check-up and routine investigations and surgery was done once participants were stable. Sample size was calculated assuming excellent or satisfactory results in 80% participants 6 months after surgery, relative precision of 20%, α of 5% and 10% attrition rate. Institutional ethics committee approved the study and written informed consent was obtained from all study participants.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean age of study participants was 62.9 (14.9) years and were predominantly females (66.6%, n=20). No significant difference between type of fracture and duration of recovery was observed (p=0.4). 30% participants had post-operative complications, stiffness was the most common (13.3%, n=4) complication. 76.6% (n=23) participants had good functional outcomes. Significant correlation between type of fracture and NEER score was observed (p&lt;0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> PHILOS is a preferential implant in proximal humerus fractures due to angular stability, particularly in comminuted fractures in younger patients, and osteoporotic fractures in elderly, thus allowing early mobilization and satisfactory final functional outcome. </p>