bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maintained Hand Perfusion in the Setting of Radial and Ulnar Artery Transections
Authors: Hinchcliff Katharine M. , Ho Catherine Ng , Meamar Padideh , Irwin Chetan S. 
Published: July 2020

Case:
Two otherwise healthy male patients presented with lacerations to the volar distal forearm. Both patients had capillary refill at the fingertips and intact Doppler signals of the palmar arch. Computed tomography angiography revealed cessation of flow in the major forearm arteries at the level of the lacerations, with distal reconstitution from the anterior interosseous artery in both cases and from a branch off the ulnar artery in 1 case. The patients underwent operative exploration, where complete transections of the radial and ulnar arteries were found and repaired.

Conclusions:
In patients without arterial disease, contributions from minor forearm arteries can be sufficient for hand perfusion in the setting of radial and ulnar artery transection.
Failure of Osseointegration of a Semiconstrained Finger Prosthesis in a Post-traumatic Metacarpophalangeal Joint Defect
Authors: Honigmann Philipp , Schwager Juan , Genewein Urs , Müller-Gerbl Magdalena , Schaefer Dirk Johannes , Haefeli Mathias 
Published: July 2020

Case:
Post-traumatic defects of the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPj) remain challenging for hand surgeons. Restoration of stability and motion are difficult to achieve because of the complex anatomy and kinematics. The Robert Mathys (RM) semiconstrained prosthesis offers good intrinsic stability and mobility and therefore seems suitable. We report on a patient where the RM prosthesis was used for a traumatic destroyed ring finger MCPj reconstruction but failed because of aseptic loosening. We discuss possible reasons in light of the current literature on post-traumatic MCPj arthroplasties and the RM prosthesis in particular.

Conclusion:
The RM proximal interphalangeal prosthesis does not seem suitable for post-traumatic replacement of the MCPj.
High-Grade Sarcoma Arising in Association With an Intraosseous Lipoma
Authors: Kreulen R. Timothy , Mawn J. Gregory , Fayad Laura M. , McCarthy Edward F. , Morris Carol D. 
Published: July 2020

Case:
A 78-year-old man was followed for an incidentally found, asymptomatic lesion in his right proximal femur that was unchanged radiographically for 11 years. He developed pain and was believed to have experienced a stress fracture through the lesion. The lesion was biopsied, showing a high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma with an underlying senescent intraosseous lipoma. He was ultimately treated with wide excision and reconstruction of the proximal femur.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the importance of obtaining a tissue diagnosis for lesions that become symptomatic.
A cross-sectional survey on distribution of healthcare resources and service status of infertility in China
Authors: DING Xuesong , DENG Yan , WANG Yanfang , Ma Ruilin , ZHU Shiyang , MA Xiao , XUE Wei , Sun Aijun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background There are growing demand of infertility health services in China, while the relevant facilities are unlikely to meet the demands currently. This study is aimed at assessing the capacity of obstetrics and gynecology departments and other related departments in coping with the management of infertility couples in health care system. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the capacity of healthcare resources and service status of infertility in China. 689 staff working on infertility related field, including 70 reproductive endocrinologists, 468 gynecologists, 70 obstetricians, and 81 practitioners of other fertility related occupation, covering 3 different types of hospitals providing women’s health care. Results: We found the capacity of hospitals in providing infertility healthcare varied based on the further analysis of different tiers. The clinic set exclusive for infertility service were only available in 57.3% of interviewed hospitals, and 22.2% of hospitals was not able to provide male infertility counseling. In terms of perform the complete procedure of IUI and IVF-ET, the significant difference has been identified that general hospitals has lowest capacity comparing with the other two types. Conclusions: The background of interviewees in infertility service varied widely, and the capacity of hospitals in fertility were insufficient in meeting the demands both qualitatively and quantitively.
The Utility of a Multi-orifice Epidural Catheter when Using the “Spray-as-You-Go” Technique for Topical Airway Anesthesia during Flexible Bronchoscop, a randomised trial
Authors: Cai Yaoyao , Dong Dongmei , Ye Min , Jin Xiuling , Liu Fuli , Chen Limei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLidocaine administered through the working channel of a flexible bronchoscope can provide effective local anesthesia but cannot achieve good distribution in the airway. This study was undertaken to determine whether lidocaine delivered via a multi-orifice epidural catheter (three orifices/openings) is superior to conventional method and if a better distribution and decreased the cough reflex can be achieved.MethodsThe patients (N=100; 50 in each group) were randomized to receive either topical airway anesthesia by the “spray-as-you-go” technique via conventional application (group C) through the working channel of the bronchoscope or via a triple-orifice epidural catheter (group E). The primary outcome measurement was the cough severity, which was documented using a 4-point scale. Bronchoscopists and nurses assessed the coughing.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the median cough severity scores between the two groups (group C: 3 vs group E: 2, P =0.004). The median visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for the cough, were significantly higher in group C than those in group E (bronchoscopist: 3 vs 2 P =0.002; nurse: 3 vs 2, P <0.001). The incidence of cough was significantly higher in group C in the trachea, left and right bronchi. The highest respiratory rate was higher in group C than in group E ( P <0.01). Eight patients in group C and two patients in group E had an oxygen saturation below 90% during flexible bronchoscopy(FB) ( P =0.046). More patients in group C required extra topical anesthesia than in group E ( P <0.001). The total lidocaine consumption was also higher in group C than that in group E ( P <0.001).ConclusionsEndotracheal topical anesthesia via the multi-orifice epidural catheter (three holes/openings) during flexible bronchoscopy using the “spray-as-you-go” technique was appeared to be superior to the conventional method.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Register(Registration number #ChiCTR1800014690;Date of Registration on January 29th,2018)http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=24835
Olfactory Disorder is The Specific Symptom to Distinguish Eosinophilic From Non-Eosinophilic Nasal Polyps
Authors: Pan Xiaodan , Zhang Yuan , Wang Chengshuo , Zhang Luo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (eCRSwNP) have poorer outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery and a higher recurrence rate. This study aimed to investigate the profile of clinical symptoms of eCRSwNP and the related risk factors.Methods: We prospectively enrolled 298 CRSwNP inpatients from February 2019 to December 2019. Patients were divided into eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups based on the percentage of blood eosinophils. Clinical data on questionnaires, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, and laboratory tests were collected. The differences in clinical symptoms, including nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, olfactory disorders, and head/facial pain, between the two groups were analyzed to identify the influential factors. Logistic analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the diagnostic benefit for the specific symptom in eCRSwNP patients.Results: Of the four major clinical symptoms, nasal congestion and olfactory disorders were significantly different between eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups. Patients with eCRSwNP more frequently complained about olfactory disorders (P = 0.002), while patients with non-eCRSwNP mostly had nasal congestion (P = 0.001). The logistic analysis showed that the primary risk factors for olfactory disorders of eCRSwNP were disease duration (P = 0.014) and alcohol intake (P = 0.012). Olfactory disorders were not associated with the disease course of eCRSwNP but were correlated with the disease duration of non-eCRSwNP (P = 0.008). When the clinical duration was less than 10 years, there was a significant difference in olfactory disorders between eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP groups (P < 0.01). However, when the clinical duration was over 10 years, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.264). The VAS score of olfactory disorders of over 5.75 could be used to predict the diagnosis of eCRSwNP (area under the curve ＝0.674, 95% confidence intervals: 0.559–0.689, P = 0.000). Conclusions: Olfactory disorder was the major nasal symptom that could be used to distinguish eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP. ECRSwNP patients were more prone to have olfactory dysfunction. Our findings suggest that evaluation of nasal symptoms will help diagnose eCRSwNP and determine subsequent clinical treatment strategies.
Long-term Outcome of a Patient With Transcobalamin Deficiency Caused by Tcn2 Mutation: A Case Report
Authors: Martino Francesco , Magenta Alessandra , Troccoli Maria Letizia , Martino Eliana , Torromeo Concetta , Versacci Paolo , Barillà Francesco 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:Transcobalamin deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of cobalamin transport (prevalence: <1/1000000)whichclinically manifests in early infancy. Case presentation:We describe the case of a 30 year old woman who at the age of 30 days presented with the classical clinical and laboratory signs of an inborn error of vitamin B12 metabolism. Family history revealed a sister who died at the age of 3 months with a similar clinical syndrome and with pancytopenia.Shewas started on empirical intramuscular (IM) cobalamin supplements (injections of hydroxocobalamin 1 mg/day for 1 week and then 1 mg twice a week) and several transfusions of washed and concentrated red blood cells.With thesetreatments a clear improvement in symptoms was observed, with the disappearance of vomiting, diarrhea and normalization of the full blood count.At 8 years of age injections were stopped for 3 monthscausing the reappearance of megaloblastic anemia.IM hydroxocobalamin was then restartedsine die.The definitive diagnosis could only be established at 29 years of age when a genetic evaluation revealed homozygous nonsense variation in exon 8 of the TCN2 gene.Currently she is a 30-year old healthy lady taking 1 mg of IM hydroxocobalamin once a week.Conclusions: Our case report highlights that early detection of TC deficiency and early initiation of aggressive IM treatment is likely associated with disease control and an overall favorable outcome.
Population Stratification in the Gut Microbiota of Bali is Associated with Transitional Lifestyle
Authors: Febinia Clarissa Asha , Malik Safarina G. , Djuwita Ratna , Weta I Wayan , Wihandani Desak Made , Maulida Rizka , Sudoyo Herawati , Holmes Andrew J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Human living conditions, such as food availability and the built environment, contribute to environmental forces that influence gut microbiota composition. Understanding the impact of the environment on microbiota assembly and its association with human health has multiple potential applications. Indonesia is a densely populated country that has been undergoing a dramatic societal change for the past two decades. It is distinctive in that it occupies an archipelago that imposes diverse geographic and cultural boundaries. The relationship between diet, microbiota, and health is poorly known in Indonesians and represents a natural study for the interaction between ethnogeographic factors and nutrition in microbiota assembly. Results: Here we show the first comprehensive report of the gut microbiota in adults from Bali, Indonesia (n=41). Their microbiotas clustered into two distinct community types: a Prevotella-rich (Type-P) and a Bacteroides-rich (Type-B) community. The Type-P individuals had lower alpha diversity (p <0.001, Shannon) and more incidence of obesity. The two community types are significantly different in their inter-genus co-abundance pattern (p <0.001, ANOSIM, Wilcoxon test). Further analyses with diet and obesity data showed that the presence of two distinct community types in Bali is a significant confounder for identifying health markers. In a multi-country dataset (n=257), the Bali microbiota indicates a transitional state from a subsistent (Prevotella-dominant) to industrial (Bacteroides-dominant) society. The two largest axes in a Principal Coordinate Analysis of weighted UniFrac distance explained the majority of variance between samples across countries (49.1%). Microbial dissimilarity across populations is significantly associated with Prevotella and Bacteriodes abundance (p <0.001, Generalized Additive Model). Conclusion: Our data showed that lifestyle transitions have a strong influence on the frequency of microbiota community types in a population. The Bali microbiota is undergoing a shift towards a Bacteroides-dominant community which reflects the ongoing transition of nutrition, socio-economy, and lifestyle the society. Although enterotypes obscured the detection of health markers, our findings collectively suggest that enterotypes may be useful in future studies for informing population-level stratification in large heterogenetic datasets.
Genomic Analysis of Sugar Transporter Gene Family in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea): Evolution, Expression Profiles and Gene Variation
Authors: Xu zhijun , Zhao Sheng , Hu Xiaowen , Wu Xiaoli , Liu Yang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSugar transporter (STP) gene family, belonging to the major facilitator superfamily, plays significant roles in monosaccharide distribution and many aspects of physiological processes. However, little information was available about the STP genes in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea), an important edible and oil crop. The recent release of the whole-genome sequence of cultivated peanut allowed us to perform a genome-wide investigation into the phylogeny and expression profiling of peanut STP genes.ResultsA total of thirty-six STP genes containing the Sugar_tr conserved motifs were identified from the A. hypogaea genome and all the genes were renamed on the basis of their respective chromosome distribution. According to their phylogenetic features, the STPs were classified into four groups. The structure of the STP genes and their encoded proteins were examined. Synteny analysis and phylogenetic comparison of the STP genes provided deep insight into the evolutionary characteristics of peanut STP genes. The segmental duplication events played a major role in the expansion of the peanut STP gene family and homeologous chromosomes rearrangement may lead to the exchange of STP genes between the A and B sub-genome. Expression profiles derived from transcriptome data exhibited distinct expression patterns of AhSTP genes in various tissues. Among them, four AhSTP genes, AhSTP3, AhSTP9, AhSTP19, AhSTP28, exhibited high expression in early stage of pod formulate in subsp. hypogaea, and in developing phase of seed in subsp. fastigiate, suggesting these genes may be involved in the development of pod and seed. Gene variation analysis of the four genes utilizing the subspecies genome sequences indicated multiple variations occurred in gene sequence or promoter region, and provided valuable clues for the different expression profiles of the four genes during seed development in subsp. hypogaea and subsp. fastigiate.ConclusionThirty-six STP genes were identified in cultivated peanut and their protein character,structure,evolution characteristics, expression patterns and gene variation were analyzed.This study provided a foundation for further functional characterization of STP genes with an aim of cultivated peanut crop improvement.
Thermodynamically Favorable Reactions Shape the Archaeal Community Affecting Bacterial Community Assembly in Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Wu Xiao-Lei , Zhao Jie-Yu , Hu Bing , Li Yan , Tang Yue-Qin , Jiang Yiming , Chi Chang-Qiao , Nie Yong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Microbial communities exist everywhere on the earth, and play essential roles in biogeochemical cycling in all ecosystems. Understanding microbial community assembly mechanisms could improve our ability to manage microbial ecosystems for industrial, pharmaceutical, and agricultural applications. Previous studies have shown that microbial communities are shaped by deterministic or stochastic processes, but how these two processes influence the microbial community together is rarely investigated, especially in deep terrestrial ecology. Methods: Here, the microbial compositions in the production waters collected from water injection wells and oil production wells across eight oil reservoirs throughout northern China were determined using high-throughput 454 pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes, and analyzed by proportional distribution analysis and null model analysis. Results: In the study, a ‘core’ microbiota consisting of three bacterial genera and eight archaeal genera were found to be existent in all production water samples. Canonical correlation analysis reflected that these core archaea were significantly influenced by the abiotic factors of temperature and reservoir depth, while the core bacteria were affected by the combined impact of the core archaea and environmental factors. Considering that two of the core archaeal genera, acetoclastic methanogens and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, were enriched in low- and high-temperature oil reservoirs, respectively, it was proposed that the archaeal communities in oil reservoirs were characterized by thermodynamic constraints. Conclusions: Together, our study indicates that microbial community structures in wells of oil reservoirs are originally determined by the thermodynamic conditions, through which the core archaeal communities are shaped directly followed by the deterministic recruiting of core bacterial genera, and then the stochastically selection of some other microbial members from local environments.
Diversity Scaling of Human Digestive Tract (DT) Microbiomes: The Intra-DT and Inter-Individual Patterns
Authors: Chen Hongju , Yi Bin , xu Xia , Liu Qiang , Dai Lin , Ma ZS (Sam) 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The human gut microbiome has been extensively studied, but its diversity scaling (changes) along the DT (digestive tract) as well as their inter-individual heterogeneities have not been adequately addressed in our opinion. Here we fill the gap by applying the diversity-area relationship (DAR), a recent extension to the classic species-area relationship (SAR) in biogeography, by reanalyzing the dataset of over 2000 16s-rRNA microbiome samples obtained from 10 DT sites of over 200 individuals. We sketched out the biogeography “maps” for each of the 10 DT sites by cross-individual DAR analysis, and the intra-DT distribution pattern by cross-DT site DAR analysis. Regarding the inter-individual biogeography, it was found that all DT sites have the invariant scaling parameter—all sites possessing the same diversity change rate across individuals, but most sites have different potential diversities. In terms of the genus richness, an average individual hosts approximately 20% of the population-level genus richness (total bacterial genus of a human population). In contrast, in terms of community biodiversity, the percentages of individual vs. population may exceed 90%. This suggests that the differences between individuals in their DT microbiomes are predominantly in the composition of bacterial species, rather than how their abundances are distributed (i.e., biodiversity). Regarding the intra-DT patterns, the scaling parameter is larger—suggesting that the intra-DT biodiversity changes are more dramatic than inter-individual changes. On average, each site contains 21%-36% of genus diversity of the whole DT, and the percentages are even higher at the higher taxon levels.
The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis
Authors: Zhou Mingming , Sun Liying , Chen Xuejun , Fang Chao , Li Jianping , Hua Chunzhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To determine the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae vulvovaginitis in prepubertal girls and the antimicrobial resistance of H.influenzae strains isolated from vulval specimens.Methods: Isolates of H.influenzae from vulval swabs of prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis received at The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine during 2016-2019 were studied. Vulval specimens were inoculated on Haemophilus selective chocolate agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion method. A cefinase disk was used to detect β-lactamase. Results: A total of 4142 vulval specimens were received during the 4 years, 649 isolates of H. influenzae were isolated from 642 girls aged 6 months to 13 years, with a median of 5y. There were peaks of isolates from April to July seen in the vulval isolates. In total, the ampicillin resistance rate was 39.1% (250/640); 33.2% strains (211/636) were for β-lactamase-positive isolates, 6.6% strains (42/635) were β-lactamase-negative and ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) isolates. The resistance rates of H. influenzae isolates to amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, meropenem, levofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol were 26.4%, 21.8%, 24.8%, 1.7%, 1.0%, 0.2%, 0%, 47.7%, 10.2%, and 1.1%, respectively. MDR was present in 41 (6.4%) of the 642 H. influenzae isolates, with the most prevalent MDR phenotype of ampicillin-sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim-azithromycin resistance. Conclusions: H. influenzae is a common cause of vulvovaginitis in prepubertal girls. Laboratories should ensure that they include media appropriate for the isolation of H. influenzae. It’s worth noting of ampicillin resistance of H. influenzae in clinical management.