bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undiagnosed Depression among Hypertensive Individuals in Gaza: A Cross-sectional Survey from Palestine
Authors: Khadoura Khalid Jamal , Shakibazadeh Elham , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Aljeesh Yousef , Fotouhi Akbar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to determine the associated factors of undiagnosed depression amongst hypertensive patients (HTNP) at primary health care centers (PHCC) in Gaza.
Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted including 538 HTNP as a recruitment phase of a clustered randomized controlled trial. Data were collected through a face to face structured interview and depression status was assessed by Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Data were analyzed by STATA version 14 using standard complex survey analyses, accounted for unresponsiveness and clustering approach. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess associations.
Results

The prevalence of undiagnosed clinical depression was 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.1, 16.3). Moreover, prevalence of 15.4% (95% CI: 10.8, 21.6) was found for mild depression symptoms. We found that non-adherent to antihypertensive medications (AHTNM) (β = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.17, 1.7), having more health-care system support (β = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.6, 3.9) and number of AHTNM (β = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.6, 2.5) remain significantly positive associated with BDI-II score. While, older age (β = -0.1, 95% CI: -0.2, -0.02), having better social support (β = -6.8, 95% CI: -8.9, -4.7) and having stronger patient-doctor relationship (β = -4.1, 95% CI: -6.9, -1.2) kept significantly negative association.
Conclusion

The prevalence of undiagnosed depression was about one-quarter of all cases; half of them were moderate to severe. Routine screening of depression status should be a part of care of HTNP in PHCC.
Development and Validation of the Psychometric Properties of the Perceived Barriers of Mammography Scale
Authors: Shirzadi Shayesteh , Asghari-jafarabadi Mohammad , Harison Mahnaz M , Allahverdipour Hamid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background To improve women’s participation in early detection of breast cancer we need to understand women’s perceived barriers to Mammography. Due to lack of women participation in referrals to mammography centers, this study aims to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Perceived Barriers of Mammography Scale (PBMS-23) for Iranian women.Methods A mixed method design was performed to develop the PBMS-23 during 2016–2017. The item pool was mainly generated through qualitative data and literature review. Next, the developed questionnaire was answered by 500 women ages 40 to 69 years. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content and face validity and construct validity (both exploratory and confirmatory) were assessed.Results Twenty eight items were initially extracted and next, based on content validity assessment, twenty three items (PBMS-23) were remained. The exploratory factor analysis revealed eight factors of believe in fate and destiny, breast conflict, defense avoidance, inconveniences/difficulties of mammography screening, contrasting/competing priorities, fear, distrust of mammography, and lack of knowledge in the PBMS-23 that accounted for 59.20 of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis also showed a model with appropriate fitness for the data. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the intra-class correlation coefficient were 0.68, 0.90 respectively.Conclusion The findings showed that the developed PBMS-23 instrument was a valid and reliable instrument for assessing perceived barriers of mammography screening that can be used both in practice and in future studies especially in the Middle East.
Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Shouliang , Li Lu , Zhu Xin , Fu Yijie , Li Hui , Zhu Tianmin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: In east Asian countries, the traditional treatment is to treat chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS) with some herbal formulas. However, there is a lack of clinical evidence to support the effect of the drug. Here, we describe a randomized controlled trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of herbal formulations for the treatment of CRS.Methods: We will search electronic databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Embase, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang database using keywords related to CRS and Chinese herbal medicine. Extensive database search was carried out for CRS related randomized controlled trials.Two reviewers(SH and LL) will independently filter the search results to determine eligible articles, complete data collection.The quality of individual trials will be assessed by(XZ and YF) using the Cochrane collaborative bias risk assessment tool. We will calculate the relative risk and 95% confidence interval(CI) of the dichotomy results and the weighted average difference, as well as the corresponding 95% confidence interval of the continuous results. Statistical methods such as subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis will be used to investigate the sources of heterogeneity.Discussion: The systematic review and meta-analysis will provide evidence for the quality of life and the safety of traditional Chinese medicine in CRS patients.This study will provide a high quality research method for the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal medicine on CRS, and will also help broaden research horizons for the complementary and alternative therapy of CRS.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO registration number: CRD42019123047(https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019123047).
Do different doses of acupuncture matter on autonomic nervous activity and symptom management in dysmenorrhea? A randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Chien Tsai-Ju , Huang Yi-Shuo , Kuo Chun-Yu , Cho Yu-Ching , Chen Hsin-Yu , Chu Chi-Chang , Cheng Ting-Yu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The study examined whether the acupuncture dose (number of acupoints stimulated) impacted the efficacy of acupuncture on dysmenorrhea and the relationship with autonomic nervous system regulation.Methods This three-arm randomized controlled study included a high-dose acupuncture (12 acupoints, N = 23), low-dose acupuncture (6 acupoints, N = 30) and control (N = 30) arm. The treatment course was three months. We set heart rate variation (HRV) and analgesics dependence as the primary outcome measurements; Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, Verbal Multidimensional Scoring System (VMSS) and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) quality of life questionnaires were set as secondary outcomes. SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis.Results Low-dose acupuncture was superior to high-dose in analgesics dependence (p value: low/high/control: p = 0.043/p = 0.056/p = 0.376); symptom relief (VMSS: low/high/control: p < 0.001/p = 0.007/p = 0.109); and physical quality of life (low/high/control: p < 0.001/p = 0.01/p = 0.007). The groups did not differ in HRV parameters (p > 0.05). In intergroup analysis, more significant changes were noted in the high-dose than in the low-dose group. The scattered nature of the significant changes implies that acupuncture may have a short-term effect on HRV parameters which does not correlate with the acupuncture dose.Conclusions Acupuncture can effectively treat dysmenorrheal pain, improve symptoms and reduce analgesic dependence, but the effect does not correlate with the number of acupoints stimulated. The acupuncture has short-term effect on HRV; yet whether its efficacy on dysmenorrhea is directly related to adjusting the autonomic nervous system may need more large-scale study. It is a safe and effective alternative therapy for dysmenorrhea.Trial: The Efficacy of Different Doses of Acupuncture in Dysmenorrhea, NCT03881319 at ClinicalTrials.gov,
Dynamics of structural and functional changes in gut microbiota during treatment with a microalgal β- glucan, paramylon and the impact on gut inflammation
Authors: Taylor Harrison , Gudi Radhika , Brown Robert , Vasu Chenthamarakshan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Previously, we have shown that oral administration of yeast derived β-1,3/1,6-D-glucan, a complex dietary polysaccharide, enhances immune regulation, reduces gut inflammation and alters the composition of the gut microbiota. However, it is not known if other structurally distinct β-glucans have similar properties. The aim of this study was, using B6 mice, to investigate the ability of a microalgae derived β-1,3-D-glucan, paramylon (PM), a widely used dietary supplement, in shaping the gut microbiota and modulating the susceptibility to gut inflammation.
Results
The community structure within the gut microbiota, based on 16S rRNA sequencing data, showed progressive changes including selective enrichment of specific communities and lowered community richness and diversity during prolonged oral treatment with PM. Compared to control mice, the gut microbiota of PM treated mice had significantly higher abundance of Verrucomicrobia (+ 16.46%; p = 0.002) and lower abundance of Firmicutes (-7.53%; p = 0.0147). Specific taxa that were significantly more abundant in PM treated mice include Akkermansia muciniphila (p = 0.037) and several Bacteroides members. Predictive functional analysis revealed overrepresentation of carbohydrate metabolism function in general (p = 0.0058) and glycosaminoglycan degradation (p = 0.015), fatty acid biosynthesis (p = 0.0082), and sugar (fructose, mannose) metabolism (p = 0.0065) in particular in the fecal microbiota of PM recipients compared to controls, and many of these functions were linked to Bacteroides spp. Pretreatment with PM not only diminished susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induced colitis severity (colon inflammation score; p = 0.029), but also caused enhanced immune regulation through increasing Foxp3 + T-cells (p = 0.0108) and IL10- producing cells (p = 0.0159), and decreasing IFNγ producing cells (p = 0.0224).
Conclusions
The use of PM as an oral dietary supplement effectively alters the composition of gut microbiota by enriching certain microbial communities such as Bacteroides spp. and carbohydrate metabolism function. These changes promote an anti-inflammatory/regulatory immune response which suppresses susceptibility to gut inflammation. Overall, this study demonstrates the prebiotic properties of PM and the potential benefits of its prolonged oral consumption to gut health.
Changes to Chiropractic Practice in Response to COVID-19: a survey of all 50 United States
Authors: Neff Shawn M , Roecker Christopher B , Okamoto Casey S , Holguin Samuel L , Napuli Jason G , Mattox Ross , Hinkeldey Nathan A , Paris David J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction:
The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented changes, as many individual state and local governments enacted stay-at-home orders and nonessential businesses were closed. State chiropractic licensing boards play an important role in protecting the public via regulation of licensure and provision of guidance regarding standards of practice, especially during times of change or uncertainty.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to summarize the guidance provided in each of the 50 United States, related to chiropractic practice during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A review of the public facing websites of Governors and state chiropractic licensing boards was conducted for each of the United States. Data was collected regarding the official guidance provided by each state’s chiropractic licensing board as well as the issuance of stay at home orders and designations of essential personnel by state Governors. Descriptive statistics were used to report the findings from this project.
Results
Each of the 50 state Governor’s websites and individual state chiropractic licensing board’s websites were surveyed. Stay-at-home or shelter-in-place orders were issued in 86% of all states. Chiropractors were classified as essential providers in 54% of states, non-essential in one state (2%), and no guidance was provided in the remaining 44% of all states. Fourteen states (28%) recommended restricting visits to only urgent cases and the remaining states (72%) provided no guidance. Twenty-seven states (54%) provided information regarding protecting against infectious disease and the remaining states (46%) provided no guidance. Twenty-two states (44%) provided recommendations regarding chiropractic telehealth and the remaining states (56%) provided no guidance. Seventeen states (34%) altered license renewal requirements and eight states (16%) issued warnings against advertising misleading or false information regarding spinal manipulation and protection from COVID-19.
Conclusion
Individual state guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic was heterogenous, widely variability in accessibility, and often no guidance was provided by state chiropractic licensing boards. Some state chiropractic licensing boards chose to assemble guidance for licensees into a single location, which we identified as a best practice for future situations where changes in chiropractic practice must be quickly communicated.
Lactate oxidative phosphorylation by annulus fibrosus cells: Evidence for lactate-dependent metabolic symbiosis in intervertebral discs
Authors: Wang Dong , Hartman Robert , Han Chao , Zhou Chaoming , Couch Brandon , Malkamaki Matias , Roginskava Vera , Houten Bennett Van , Mullet Steven , Wendell Stacy , Jurczak Michael , Kang James , Lee Joon , Sowa Gwendolyn , Vo Nam 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration contributes to low back pain. The avascular intervertebral disc consists of a central hypoxic nucleus pulpous (NP) surrounded by the more oxygenated annulus fibrosus (AF). Lactate, an abundant end-product of NP glycolysis, has long been viewed as a harmful waste that acidifies disc tissue and decreases cell viability and function. The objective of this study was to determine whether lactate could be used by AF cells as a carbon source rather than being removed from disc tissue as a waste byproduct.Methods.Import and conversion of lactate to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates and amino acids in rabbit AF cells were measured by heavy-isotope (13C-lactate) tracing experiments using mass spectrometry. Levels of protein expression of lactate converting enzymes, lactate importer and exporter in NP and AF tissues were quantified by Western blots. Effects of lactate on proteoglycan (35S-sulfate) and collagen (3H-proline) matrix protein synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation (Seahorse XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer) in AF cells were assessed.Results.Heavy-isotope tracing experiments revealed that AF cells imported and converted lactate into TCA cycle intermediates and amino acids using in vitro cell culture and in vivo models. Addition of exogenous lactate (4 mM) in culture media induced expression of the lactate importer MCT1, and increased oxygen consumption rate by 50%, mitochondrial ATP-linked respiration by 30%, and collagen synthesis by 50% in AF cell cultures grown under physiologic oxygen (5% O2) and glucose concentration (1 mM). AF tissue highly expresses MCT1, LDH-H, an enzyme that preferentially converts lactate to pyruvate, and PDH, an enzyme that converts pyruvate to acetyl-coA. In contrast, NP tissue highly expresses MCT4, a lactate exporter, and LDH-M, an enzyme that preferentially converts pyruvate to lactate.Conclusions.These findings support disc lactate-dependent metabolic symbiosis in which lactate produced by the hypoxic, glycolytic NP cells is utilized by the more oxygenated AF cells via oxidative phosphorylation for energy and matrix production, thus shifting the current research paradigm of viewing disc lactate as a waste product to considering it as an important biofuel. These scientifically impactful results suggest novel therapeutic targets in disc metabolism and degeneration.
Preparation and Performance Analysis of a Spray Dust Suppressant for Coking Coal Dust
Authors: Jiang Jiuhong , Wang Pengfei , Pei Ye , Liu Ronghua , Liu Liming , He Yunchu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Coking coal dust has strong hydrophobicity, and it is difficult to combine with droplets in the air and settle. In order to improve the ability of droplets to collect coking coal dusts, a spray dust suppressant for coking coal dusts was studied. Based on monomer optimization and compounding experiments, two types of surfactant monomers, fatty alcohol ether sodium sulfate (AES) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), were selected as the surfactant components for the dust suppressant. Meanwhile, the surfactant monomers were combined with four inorganic salts and the reverse osmosis moisture absorption of each solution was measured. By combining the results of both reverse osmosis moisture absorption and the water retention experiments, CaCl 2 was selected as the inorganic salt auxiliary component for the dust suppressant. Finally, the best concentration combination of the three components were obtained using orthogonal experiments, i.e., AES (0.05%), SDBS (0.03%), and CaCl 2 (0.6%). The dust suppressant solution constituted by this scheme had a high moisture absorption and great performance.
Syngas production by chemical-looping gasification of waste activated carbon with iron-based oxygen carrier
Authors: Li Xiao , Mei An , Wu Man , Li Jinshuai , Zhang Xiuli , Wu Jilai , Yuan Sijie , Guo Qingjie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Waste activated carbon (WAC), as a typical solid waste, can be utilized by chemical looping gasification (CLG) technology with an iron-based oxygen carrier to produce valuable synthesis gas. A series of experiments on WAC of the CLG process have been carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The operation parameters involving the OC/WAC mole ratio, steam flow rate and reaction temperature during CLG reactions have been investigated in detail. Further, the cyclic performance within 10 cycles has been also discussed. Fresh and cyclic reaction oxygen carrier samples have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In order to obtain high-quality syngas with high carbon conversion, the optimal of OC/WAC mole ratio, steam flow rate and reaction temperature are 0.15, 0.10 mL/min, and 950 °C, respectively. The iron-based oxygen carrier exhibits a stable cyclic performance during the multiple tests, following the reaction path of Fe2O3→Fe0.98O in the individual reduction process. Moreover, the iron-based oxygen carrier could be oxidized almost to its initial state after 10 redox tests. No obvious sintering and agglomeration phenomena are observed. The WAC of CLG presents a new approach for the comprehensive utilization and disposal of solid waste, especially with low volatile feedstock.
Pyrolysis kinetic modelling of abundant plastic waste (PET) and in-situ emissions monitoring
Authors: Osman Ahmed I. , Farrell Charlie , Al-Muhtaseb Ala'a H. , Al-Fatesh Ahmed S. , Harrison John , Rooney David W. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Recycling the ever-increasing plastic waste has become an urgent global concern. One of the most convenient methods for plastic recycling is pyrolysis, owing to its environmentally friendly nature and its intrinsic properties. Understanding the pyrolysis process and the degradation mechanism is crucial for scale-up and reactor design. Therefore, we studied kinetic modelling of the pyrolysis process for one of the most common plastics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The focus was to better understand and predict PET pyrolysis when transitioning to a low carbon economy and adhering to environmental and governmental legislation. This work aims at presenting for the first time, the kinetic triplet (activation energy, pre-exponential constant and reaction rate) for the PET pyrolysis using the differential iso-conversional method. This is coupled with the in-situ online tracking of the gaseous emissions using mass spectrometry. Results: The differential iso-conversional method showed activation energy (E a ) values of 165-195 kJ.mol -1 , R 2 = 0.99659. While the ASTM-E698 showed 165.6 kJ.mol -1 and integral methods such as Flynn-Wall and Ozawa (FWO) (166-180 kJ.mol -1 ). The in-situ MS results showed the pyrolysis gaseous emissions which are C 1 -hydrocarbon and H-O-C=O along with C 2 hydrocarbons, C 5 - C 6 hydrocarbons, acetaldehyde, the fragment of O-CH=CH 2 , hydrogen and water. Conclusions: The kinetic triplet along with the in-situ monitoring of the gaseous emissions of PET pyrolysis can benefit in the process modelling of this system to help better understand the process at scale. This ultimately aids in reactor optimization and design at scale, as it gives a better insight into the reaction mechanism. This can be used by plastic recyclers worldwide and the predictions made in this study can be used to determine how the rate of reaction changes based on temperature and heating rate beyond experimental results both isothermally, non-isothermally and in stepwise heating regimes.
MiR-185-5p targets RAB35 gene to regulate tumor cell-derived exosomes mediated proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Wang Dan , Yu Shufang , Yi Shasha , Liu Sichan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common malignant tumor, and its recurrence and metastasis are the main causes of death. Recently, there are evidences that tumor derived exosomes play an important role in the occurrence and development of non-small cell lung cancer.Material/Methods: First, miR-185-5p and RAB35 expression in tumor tissues, paracancerous healthy tissues, lung cancer cell lines and normal bronchial epithelial cell line were detected. Then, miR-185-5p and RAB35 were over-expressed/knocked down to study their effects on A549 cells and H2170 cells proliferation, migration and invasion . Next, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter gene analysis verified the targeting relationships of miR-185-5p and RAB35 , respectively. Finally, the exosomes secreted by tumor cells with RAB35 gene downregulated or miR-185-5p overexpression were co cultured with their parent cells to verify the regulatory effect of RAB35 on the secretion and function of exosomes.Results: The miR-185-5p expression was downregulated, while RAB35 expression was prominently upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, miR-185-5p overexpression or RAB35 downregulated suppressed cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, we clarified that RAB35 was a direct target of miR-185-5p. Additionally, exosomes derived from tumor cells could restore cells proliferation, migration and invasion, while exosomes secreted by tumor cells with RAB35 downregulated or mR-185-5p overexpression lose the ability to restore cells proliferation, migration and invasion.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that miR-185-5p targets RAB35 gene to regulate tumor cell-derived exosomes-mediated proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells.