bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efectos de un programa educativo para el desarrollo del talento en niñas de zonas vulnerables del Perú
Authors: Coronel Capacyachi Elizabeth Jesús , Rodríguez Isidro Félix Teófilo , Tenorio Romero Juan Tito , Sotelo Narváez Verónica Noemí 
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer si el programa TALENTVEFT tiene algún efecto en el desarrollo de las inteligencias múltiples en niños. El estudio corresponde al método experimental, nivel explicativo y a un diseño cuasiexperimental de corte longitudinal. Se contó con la participación de 182 estudiantes, divididos en dos grupos: el grupo experimental y el grupo control. El grupo experimental participó en 4 sesiones de una hora durante 4 semanas (de una sesión por semana). El grupo control no participó en ningún taller realizado. Ambos grupos fueron evaluados antes y después (pretest y postest) de la intervención con el inventario de inteligencias múltiples del profesor de Armstrong, adaptado por Prieto y Ballester (Álvarez, 2014). Los resultados arrojaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos momentos de medición a nivel de inteligencia interpersonal (t = 7,752 / p = ,000) e intrapersonal (t = 7,416 / p = ,000). Esto nos permite sugerir la efectividad del programa y dejar abierta la posibilidad de su replicación, considerando además la fiabilidad y validez de sus instrumentos de evaluación.
Cultura organizacional y desempeño docente en la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú
Authors: Llancari Morales Rosario Ana , Alania Contreras Rubén Darío 
Published: January 2020

La investigación tuvo el propósito de determinar la relación entre la cultura organizacional y el desempeño docente en la percepción de los docentes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú (UNCP); el estudio de nivel descriptivo y diseño descriptivo correlacional, tuvo una muestra probabilística estratificada constituida por 88 docentes, a quienes se aplicó el Cuestionario de Cultura Organizacional de Denison (Denison y Neale 2000), cuya confiabilidad calculada mediante el alfa de Cronbach fue de 0.949, y el Cuestionario de Desempeño Docente adaptado de Valdés (2006), cuya confiabilidad fue de 0.969. Como resultado se halló que existe relación con un nivel de significancia de 0.05, que existe una relación ( = 0.722) directa y significativa (Z = 1.96) entre la cultura organizacional y el desempeño docente; asimismo el 78.41 % de docentes, percibe una cultura organizacional regular; a la vez que el 77.27 % considera que el desempeño docente es bueno. Se concluyó que existe una relación directa y significativa entre cultura organizacional y desempeño docente en la percepción de los docentes de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, por tanto, a mejor cultura organizacional, mejor desempeño docente, y viceversa.
Evaluation of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System in Jakarta: A Literatur Review
Authors: Gunawan Michelle , Asyahira Riri , M Sidjabat Filson 
Published: January 2020

<p>As the first step to air pollution control and public health protection, Air quality monitoring systems provides information that indicate the extend of pollution in an area, the source of pollution and the types of pollutants. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate Jakarta’s air quality monitoring system by comparing it to the US, which participates in Indonesia’s air quality monitoring system by using their own system. In specific, parameters such as air quality index, monitoring stations, regulation and data availability are to be compared through reviewing various literatures in detail. The result obtained shows that the monitoring station amount is already ideal and complies to the U.S regulation. Indonesia’s ambient air quality standard need to be stricter and Air Pollutant Standard Index should include PM<sub>2.5</sub> as a parameter obtains significantly better results. Air quality data is available and accessible, although it needs to be integrated and provide real time information in a simple and effective way.</p>
Penggunaan Algoritma Nearest Neighbor Pada Sistem Penalaran Berbasis Kasus Untuk Diagnosis Penyakit ISPA
Authors: Papuangan Miswar , Salmin Munazat 
Published: January 2020

<p>Acute Respiratory Infection is defined as an acute respiratory disease caused by an infectious agent that is transmitted from human to human. Symptoms include shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, sore throat, fever, wheezing, runny nose, and cough. This research implements CBR to help diagnose ARI. The diagnosis process is done by entering a new problem that contains the symptoms and risk factors that will be diagnosed in the system. The normalized nearest neighbor method with expert confidence is used to calculate the similarity between new problems and cases stored on a case basis. The results of testing the system using 112 case data with 78 case stored in a case base and 34 data used as new cases data, the system has identified four types of ARI disease with a system performance measurement 97.06%.</p>
Old Prussian dāt ‘give’ in causative and hortative constructions
Authors: Pakerys Jurgis 
Published: January 2020

Extended uses of Old Prussian dāt ‘give’ are studied to demonstrate independent and German-influenced developments. The permissive function of this predicate is argued to be original and historically and areally shared by Baltic, Slavic and Finnic languages, while factitive and hortative constructions are regarded as copies of corresponding German lassen-constructions. The German influence is also seen in the coding of the causee when it is marked by the accusative instead of the original dative. In general, Old Prussian shows effects of interference with German lassen-constructions similar to the ones observed in West Slavic and western South Slavic languages (von Waldenfels 2015).
[review of:] Axel Holvoet & Nicole Nau, eds. 2015. Voice and Argument Structure in Baltic
Authors: Kittilä Seppo 
Published: January 2020

Axel Holvoet & Nicole Nau, eds. 2015. Voice and Argument Structure in Baltic. (Valency, Argument Realization and Grammatical Relations in Baltic, 2). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. ISBN: 9789027259103 (hardback), ISBN: 9789027267955 (e-book).
The present book deals with different aspects of voice in Baltic languages. The book presents the second volume in the (mini-)series "Valency, Argument Realization and Grammatical Relations in Baltic".
[review of:] Axel Holvoet & Nicole Nau, eds. 2014. Grammatical Relations and their Non-Canonical Encoding in Baltic
Authors: Malchukov Andrej L. 
Published: January 2020

Axel Holvoet & Nicole Nau (eds.). Grammatical Relations and their Non-Canonical Encoding in Baltic. (Valency, Argument Realization and Grammatical Relations in Baltic, vol. 1). Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. ISBN: 9789027259097 (hardback), ISBN: 9789027270399 (e-book).
The volume under review deals with variuos aspects of non-canonical argument marking, grammatical relations and argument alternations in Baltic languages. The volume is a gold mine both for typologists interested in grammatical relations as well as for the students of Baltic languages.
[review of:] Andra Kalnača. 2014. A Typological Perspective on Latvian Grammar
Authors: Arkadiev Peter 
Published: January 2020

Andra Kalnača. 2014. A Typological Perspective on Latvian Grammar. Warsaw, Berlin: De Gruyter Open. ISBN: 9783110411300 (hardback), ISBN: 9783110411317 (e-book).
The book under review is one of the so far very few attempts of a Latvian linguist to write about her own language specifically addressing an international audience, and as such would deserve not only attention but also sincere welcome, enhanced by the fact that the book is an open access publication.
[review of:] Nicole Nau & Norbert Ostrowski, eds. 2010. Particles and Connectives in Baltic
Authors: Cornillie Bert 
Published: January 2020

Nicole Nau & Norbert Ostrowski, eds. Particles and Connectives in Baltic. (Acta Salensia, 2.) Vilnius: Vilnius University & Asociacija “Academia Salensis”, 2010. ISBN: 978-609-95126-1-7.
Volume 2 of the Acta Salensia series contains six papers and an introduction and offers in-depth analyses of various particles and connectives in one or several Baltic languages. The contributions are written by experts in the field of Baltic linguistics, who have a sound knowledge of the literature and often cite older data which invite philological observations.
The volume is mainly descriptive in nature; that is, the research questions are most often not embedded in particular theoretical frameworks. Instead, the analyses build upon insights from several theories and are based on various kinds of empirical data. Thanks to the clear descriptions, non-Baltic linguists doing research on the particles and connectives of other languages will also benefit from this volume. Moreover, the chapters touch upon several phenomena dealt with in the general-linguistic literature such as clause combining, functional syntax, grammaticalization and semantic change, and can hence be a source of inspiration for refining the traditionally used categories.
[review of:] Daniel Petit. 2010. Untersuchungen zu den baltischen Sprachen
Authors: Derksen Rick 
Published: January 2020

Daniel Petit, Untersuchungen zu den baltischen Sprachen. (Brill’s Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics, 4.) Leiden–Boston: Brill 2010. ISBN: 978-90-04-17836-6.
This collection of studies by Daniel Petit originates from a series of lectures presented at the Indo-European summer school in Berlin in 2006. It consists of five chapters, which deal with dialectology (49 pp.), accentology (88 pp.), the neuter gender (65 pp.), the semi-thematic flexion (56 pp.), and the syntax of clitics (48 pp.), respectively. The introductory character of the first two chapters (the first chapter is actually called “Einführung in die Baltische Dialektologie”) is without doubt connected with the background of the book. On the whole, it is not an introduction to Baltology, however, nor is it intended to be, as the author explains in the preface.
Kırsal Turizmin Gelişimine Yönelik Yerel Halkın Yaklaşımı: Avanos Göynük Köyü Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÖZGÜL KATLAV Eda , KÜÇÜKALTAN Derman 
Published: January 2020

Ön çalışma olarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada, Nevşehir İlinin temel ekonomik unsurlarından olan turizm ve tarım faaliyetlerinin bir arada değerlendirilmesi ile kırsal turizmi potansiyelinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Turizmin bir bölgede gelişiminden en fazla etkilenecek kesim olan yerel halk ve orada yaşayan bağcıların görüşlerinin alınması önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda Nevşehir’in Avanos ilçesine bağlı olan Göynük Köyü’ndeki bağcılık faaliyetlerinin kırsal turizm açısından değerlendirilmesine yerel halkın kırsal turizme bakış açıları incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış ve mülakat tekniği ile veri elde edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında köyde yaşayan ve çiftçilik yapan 13 kişi ile yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yerel halkın Göynük Köyü’nde kırsal turizm gelişimine olumlu baktıkları ve bu doğrultuda çaba göstermeye hazır oldukları görülmektedir. Yerel halk turistlerin ve turistik işletmelerin köye katkı sağlayacağını düşünmektedir. Ayrıca köy halkının köyde kırsal turizmin uygulanabilmesi için valilik, belediyeler, üniversite, sivil toplum kuruluşları ve turizm acentelerinden destek bekledikleri tespit edilmiştir.
Kahramanmaraş Ilıca Kaplıcaları’nın Termal Turizm Potansiyeli Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: EBAN Fatma , SAMIRKAŞ KOMŞU Meryem 
Published: January 2020

Son yıllarda kitlesel turizm hareketlerinin çevre üzerinde yarattığı olumsuz etkiler alternatif turizm türlerine olan ilgiyi artırmaktadır. Ülkemizde alternatif turizm açısından geliştirilmesi gereken önemli türlerden biri de termal turizmdir. Kahramanmaraş Akdeniz bölgesinde yer alan sıcak ve soğuk şifalı su kaynakları bakımından zengin bir ilimizdir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın amacı, Kahramanmaraş Onikişubat ilçesinde yer alan Ilıca kaplıcalarının termal turizm potansiyelini ortaya koymak ve ziyaret edenlerin termal turizm algısı ile termal turizmden beklentilerini betimlemektir. Çalışma nitel araştırma deseninde kurgulanmış olup, ikincil verilerden de yararlanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Ilıca kaplıcalarını ziyaret eden 20 kişi ile derinlemesine mülakat yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular, Ilıca kaplıcalarının sağlık sorunları nedeniyle tercih edildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca tanıtım ve reklam kampanyalarının eksik olduğu ve bölgeye ulaşımın yetersiz olduğu da elde edilen önemli bulgular arasındadır.
Hatay İli Hristiyanlarının Dini Bayramlarında Gastronomi Geleneklerinin İnanç Turizmi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: POLAT Aylin Sinem , ÇETİNSÖZ Burçin Cevdet 
Published: January 2020

Amacı: Hatay ilinde yaşayan Hristiyanların dini bayramlarında uyguladıkları gastronomi geleneklerini belirlemek ve sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için farkındalık yaratmaktır. Yöntem: Araştırmada nitel veri analizi yöntemlerinden betimleyici analiz ve amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden, kartopu örneklem tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Ayrıca veri toplama yöntemi olarak yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularında, genellikle iki büyük bayram (Noel ve Paskalya) kutlanıldığı ve her iki bayramda da geleneksel yemeklerin aynı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Hatay bölgesinde yüzyıllardır yaşamakta olan Hristiyan toplumunun kendi inanç ve geleneklerinden kaynaklanan farklı kültürel yapısı, hem inanç turizmi açısından hem de gastronomi turizmi açısından bölgede önemli bir kültürel zenginlik arz etmektedir. Bundan dolayı yöresel yemeklerin ve geleneklerin inanç turizmi ile birlikte bütünleştirilerek sunulması, bölgenin turizm cazibesini arttıracaktır. Sınırlılıkları: Araştırma Hatay ilinde yaşayan Hristiyan topluluğuna yönelik ve 25 yaş üstü katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Orijinalliği/Değeri: Hatay yöresinde yaşayan Hristiyan nüfusa ait geleneklerin somut olmayan kültürel miras ve inanç turizmi bağlamında değerlendirilmesi.
Turist Rehberi Adaylarında Yeni Yiyecek Deneme Korkusu (Neophobia)
Authors: SAHİLLİ BİRDİR Sevda , İFLAZOĞLU Nurhayat , BİRDİR Kemal 
Published: January 2020

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, Turizm Rehberliği bölümü öğrencilerinin yeni yiyecekleri
deneme korkularını ve yemeklere karşı tutumlarını ölçmektir. Bu çalışmada,
tanımlayıcı ve keşfedici araştırma modellerinin her ikisi de kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada
kolayda örnekleme yönteminden yararlanılmış ve veriler, 17-19 Aralık 2018
tarihinde anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Toplamda 129 kullanılabilir anket
elde edilmiştir. Toplanan veriler, istatistik değerlendirme ve analiz programı
aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların “kadın” ve “erkek” oranlarının
eşit olduğu, çoğunluğunun “bekar”, “20-24” yaş arasında, “birinci sınıf” ve “1001-1500TL”
arasında aylık gelire sahip öğrenciler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Rehber adaylarının %14,7’sinin “Hataylı”,
%14’ünün “Mersinli”, %9,3’ünün “Adanalı” ve “Azeri” oldukları tespit
edilmiştir. Turist
rehberi adaylarının yeni yiyecek deneme korkusuna sahip (neophobic) oldukları
tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan, “yeni yiyecek deneme korkusu” ile “cinsiyete”
göre yapılan t-testi sonucunda anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Rehber
adaylarının yemeklere karşı tutumlarına yönelik yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre,
rehber adaylarının etnik restoranlara açık olmadıkları belirlenmiştir. Çalışma,
Mersin Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Turizm Rehberliği bölümü öğrencilerinin
yeni yiyecekleri deneme korkularını ve yemeklere karşı tutumlarının belirlenmesi ile sınırlıdır. Alan
yazın incelendiğinde rehber adaylarına yönelik bu konuda bir çalışmaya
rastlanmamış olması çalışmanın orijinalliğini göstermektedir.
A Note on Marine and Estuary Fish Habitat, Prices and Supply in Different Markets of Dhaka City
Authors: Islam Md Kawsarul , Ghosh Arnob , Kamrujjaman Md 
Published: January 2020

This paper analyses the available marine fish of Bay of Bengal and other coastal areas of Bangladesh and its supply in Dhaka city. The data is collected from fish wholesalers of three big markets of the city: Jatrabari, Gabtoli and Kawran Bazar. The collected data was analyzed using MATHEMATICA to determine the numbers of ocean species, their size, price and source of the coastal areas in Bangladesh. The results are presented both graphically and in tabular form.
The Agriculturists 2019; 17(1-2) 112-120
Effect of medicinal plant extracts on seed germination and seed associated mycoflora of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Mahal MF , Akter MS 
Published: January 2020

The experiment was carried to evaluate the efficacy of five different plant extracts i.e. Adhatida vasica, Tagetes patula, Vinca rosea, Lowsonia alba and Andrographis paniculuta on seed germination, vigor index and seed borne and seed associated mycoflora of wheat varieties viz. Sourav and Prodip in in vitro condition. Seed health test of the collected wheat seed revealed that the seed was associated with six different fungi viz. Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium sp., Aspergillus spp., Trichoderma viride, Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus sp. Wheat seeds were treated by dipping separately into different plant extracts of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 dilutions. Among the plant extracts, Lowsonia alba leaf extract was observed most effective followed by A. vasica, T. patula, V. rosea and A. paniculuta in reducing seed borne and seed associated mycoflora and also increased the germination rate and vigor index.
J. bio-sci. 27: 23-30, 2019
Microbiological quality assessment of locally vended and commercially packed fruit juices in Chittagong city of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana F , Marzan LW , Mina SA 
Published: January 2020

Microbiological investigation has been undertaken for freshly prepared and commercially packed fruit juices of Chittagong city, Bangladesh. Physicochemical analysis as pH, sugar content, total soluble solid (TSS), total dissolved solid (TDS), acidity, moisture content and microbiological parameters i.e. total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC), fecal coliform count (FCC), total staphylococcal count (TSC), Vibrio spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. were examined for all samples. No microorganisms were found positive in packed fruit juice samples, whereas the range of TVC, TCC, and TSC were found to be 2.0 × 103 - 1.0 × 105, 0.15 × 102 - 11 × 102 and 1.0 × 102 - 2.0 × 104 cfu/ml respectively, though there was no detectable FCC and Salmonella, Shigella for vended samples. Human pathogenic Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were identified by biochemical tests and further confirmed by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Antibiotic sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were found against ciprofloxacin, imipenem, gentamicin, levofloxacin except amoxicillin; whereas Vibrio cholerae showed resistant to all above antibiotics. Hence, proper awareness and regular monitoring are required during vended fruit juice handling as antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria can easily spread through the contaminated fruit juices to the consumers.
J. bio-sci. 27: 43-58, 2019
An efficient regeneration system through in vitro somatic embryogenesis of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Authors: Haque M , Islam SMS 
Published: January 2020

This study was carried out to improve an efficient protocol for in vitro callus induction and plant regeneration using Bangladeshi barley genotypes collected from BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh. After sterilization embryos were separated carefully from mature seeds of six barley genotypes (BB-1, BB-2, BB-3, BB-4, BB-5 and BB-6) and cultured them in MS medium supplemented with various concentration and combination of PGRs for callus induction and regeneration. Out of six genotypes BB-6 showed highest (38.17%) callus induction in MS + 4.0 mg/l 2,4-D + 200 mg/l L-proline + 300 mg/l casein hydrolysate; whereas, BB-4 and BB-5 showed no callus induction in the same medium. For plant regeneration from embryogenic calli the same genotype (BB-6) also performed the best results (19.25%) in MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP + 30 g/l sucrose. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed highly significant differences among the media and the genotypes.
J. bio-sci. 27: 89-99, 2019
Interphase nuclear phenotype and chromosomal variation in Cynodon dactylon (L.) pers
Authors: Nitu SK , Islam SMS , Tarique H 
Published: January 2020

Interphase nuclear phenotype in different accessions (Acc.) of Cynodon dactylon studied in the present experiment showed chromocentric nuclear organization and the chromocenters were found to be visible clearly. The chromocenter numbers were not same and sometimes it was found to be significantly less and never more than total number of chromosomes. Percentages of heterochromatin values were expressed per nuclear area and the values range from 19.759% (Acc. 16) to 66.022% (Acc.18). Nuclear volume as well as interphase chromosome volume was found to vary 0.674 μm3 (Acc.6) to 41.921 μm3 (Acc.10) and from 0.028 μm3 (Acc. 6) to 1.905 μm3 (Acc. 10), respectively. The somatic chromosome number found to vary from 12 to 40. 2n = 18 chromosomes were found in eight accessions of C. dactylon. Only one accession was found to be tetraploid and rest of them aneuploid whose chromosome numbers were 12, 14, 16, 22, 24, 26, 32, 40 etc. The availability of aneuploid shows great aspects of forage breeding programme.
J. bio-sci. 27: 133-141, 2019
Optimization of the condition of phytosterol extraction conditions from microalgae nannochloropsis using ethanol of different purity levels
Authors: Fithriani D , Nurhayati - 
Published: January 2020

Phytosterols are plant sterols, included in secondary metabolite compounds and have broad benefits in the health field. This study aims to observe the effect of ethanol solvency purity, time of extraction on phytosterol content. The extraction was carried out by saponification using a 7.5% KOH solution in ethanol. The variations in extraction time are 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours. Ethanol used varies purity levels, i.e technical 70%, technical 96%, and pure analysis. The variations in maceration time are 1, 2 and 3 days. The results showed that all ethanol solvents with different purity levels resulted in the highest crude phytosterol under long duration of 1 hour extraction time. The ethanol purity rate had a significant effect on the yield of phytosterol produced, i.e., 70% technical, 96% technical, and pure analysis consume 0.4%, 1.63% and 4.19% crude phytosterol, respectively.
J. bio-sci. 27: 143-148, 2019
DNA and BSA Interaction, DNA Cleavage and <i>In Vitro</i> Cytotoxicity of Copper(II) Complexes: [Cu(bba)(phen)](ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> is Promising Chemotherapeutic Scaffold
Authors: Manivel J. , Sangeetha S. , Murali M. 
Published: January 2020

Three mononuclear copper(II) complexes of the type [Cu(bba)(bpy/phen/dpa)](ClO4)2 (1-3), where bba (N,N-bis(benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)amine) and bpy (2,2’-bipyridine, 1) or phen (1,10-phenanthroline, 2) or dpa (2,2’-dipyridylamine, 3), have been isolated. The coordination geometry of 1 around copper(II) is square pyramidal. The electronic absorption (639-667 nm) and EPR spectral parameters (g||, ~2.25; A||, 181-186 × 10-4 cm-1; g||/A||, 122−134 cm) reveal that 1-3 possesses a square pyramidal geometry with CuN5 chromophore. Different spectral and electrochemical measurements clearly demonstrate partial intercalative interaction of 1-3 to CT DNA. Complexes strongly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA through a static quenching procedure by forming BSA-(1/2/3) adducts, which are stabilized by hydrophobic interactions. The number of binding sites and binding constants were calculated. The energy transfer from BSA to Cu(II) complexes occurs with high probability. Notably, 1-3 exhibit more effective pUC 19 DNA cleavage in the presence of H2O2. Complexes 2 and 1 show remarkable cytotoxicity (IC50: 2, 2.17; 1, 8.33 mM) against human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) and more potent than cisplatin (IC50, 16.40 mM) while 3 exhibits less cytotoxicity (IC50, 20.82 mM). The DNA binding propensity, cleavage ability and cytotoxicity follow the order 2>1>3. Interestingly, they are non-toxic to healthy cells.