bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfil sociodemográfico e padrão de uso do ecstasy por usuários residentes na cidade de Goiânia-GO
Authors: Freitas Livia Mendes de , Salazar Vania Cristina Rodríguez 
Published: December 2020

O 3-4 metilenodioximetanfetamina (MDMA) também conhecido popularmente como ecstasy é uma droga sintética comumente usada por frequentadores das chamadas raves. Não se tem muitos dados epidemiológicos sobre o uso de ecstasy no Brasil, porém o crescimento do número de apreensões da droga no país demonstra que há um aumento no número de usuários. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de descrever o perfil sociodemográfico, econômico e padrão de uso de usuários de ecstasy que moram na cidade de Goiânia-GO. Para realizar essa pesquisa foi realizada uma coleta de dados por meio da plataforma Google Forms de 60 participantes que se autodeclaram usuários de ecstasy e moram na cidade de Goiânia-GO. Em relação aos resultados obtidos nesse estudo o perfil dos usuários participantes em sua maioria são jovens, que tem entre 20 e 22 anos (77%) sendo a maioria do gênero feminino (55%). A maior parte está cursando ensino superior (67%) e a maioria se classifica como tendo renda de mais de R$2.862 a R$5.724 (27%). Quanto ao tempo de uso da droga 45% dos participantes da pesquisa afirmaram que consomem o ecstasy entre 2 e 3 anos. Neste estudo 98% dos participantes afirmaram que utilizam o ecstasy em finais de semana e feriados. Dos participantes desta pesquisa, 97% afirmaram que fazem uso da droga em festas de música eletrônica. Sobre o preço pago pelo comprimido 57% pagam entre 20 e 30 reais. A droga mais utilizada em associação com o ecstasy foi o álcool seguido pela maconha. A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se se concluir que é necessário retomar políticas de redução de danos bem como tornar mais efetivas as ações de punição dos produtores e fornecedores da droga e uma fiscalização mais rigorosa da entrada e comercialização da droga em festas.
Cancelamentos e Ecologia
Authors: Reolon de Oliveira Guilherme 
Published: December 2020

Os “cancelamentos” nas redes sociais. São fortes os embates entre os que defendem a liberdade de expressão como direito fundamental e os que elevam o “lugar de fala” à categoria de superioridade, principalmente quando o assunto é relativo a questões identitárias e minoritárias. A polarização das redes deu contornos extremados a esse embate. A solução talvez passe pelo equilíbrio, pela temperança. Aristóteles, e mediedade, a virtude moral. Sartre, a liberdade com responsabilidade. O fundamento da sustentabilidade, cujo objetivo é a agregação, jamais qualquer tipo de exclusão. Já foi dito que as redes sociais tribalizam a cultura partilhada. Formam-se “bolhas”. O “cancelamento”, ainda que motivado por questões ético-políticas, destrói mais sujeitos que ideias e é oposto à democracia. No lugar do “cancelamento”, o acolhimento, a responsabilidade pelo Outro (e o respeito à sua singularidade), que não passa pela dimensão do dever, mas do reconhecimento do Rosto: ecosofia.
Studi Pengaruh Pemberian Tumis Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Produksi Asi dan Peningkatan Berat Badan Bayi
Authors: Putri Rizki Novi Arnely , Kurniati Dewi , Novelia Shinta 
Published: December 2020

Pemberian ASI yang tidak optimal menyebabkan terhambatnya tumbuh kembang bayi dan salah satu faktor yang memicu terjadinya stres pada ibu menyusui. Salah satu solusi untuk menangani hal tersebut yaitu dengan mengonsumsi daun papaya yang mengandung laktagogum sehingga bermanfaat untuk membantu kelancaran pengeluaran ASI. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tumis daun pepaya terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu quasi-eksperiment dua kelompok (sebelum dan setelah perlakuan). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Klinik Permata Hati melibatkan tigapuluh ibu menyusui yang dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Pengujian yang dilakukan yaitu uji normalitas (Saphiro-wilk), analisis deskriptif nonparametric (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test) dan uji distribusi frekuensi terhadap data yang diperoleh. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,000) terhadap perlakuan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan tumis daun papaya terhadap produksi ASI yang dihasilkan oleh ibu menyusui, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian tumis daun pepaya dapat meningkatkan produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar usulan agar para bidan dapat memberikan edukasi bagi ibu menyusui mengenai manfaat tumis daun pepaya dan cara pengolahannya untuk meningkatkan kelancaran produksi ASI. Catatan PenerbitPoltekkes Kemenkes Kendari menyatakan tetap netral sehubungan dengan klaim dari perspektif atau buah pikiran yang diterbitkan dan dari afiliasi institusional manapun. PendanaanPeneliti tidak menerima bantuan dana dari lembaga/institusi. Berbagi DataData hasil kajian ini disimpan pada repository Zenodo http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4049430. Kontribusi Penulis Para penulis tidak mendeklarasikan kontribusinya.
The Effects of Banana Blossom (Musa Acuminate Colla) Consumption on Increased Breast Milk Production in the Work Area of Talaga Jaya
Authors: Aisya Masmuni Wahda , Zakaria Fatmah , Daud Wirna 
Published: December 2020

Breast Milk (ASI) is the best food for babies, in increasing milk production, breastfeeding mothers are advised to consume banana bud because it contains lactagogum compounds that can increase milk production, especially in mothers who experience milk production problems. This research aims to determine the effect of Banana Blossom consumption on increasing milk production in the work area of ​​Talaga Jaya Health Center. The design was Quasi Experimental with Pre-post Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study were all breastfeeding mothers in the working area of ​​Talaga Jaya Health Center totaling 122 people. The sample in this research used purposive non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique with an observation sheet as data collection technique. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test to see differences in the frequency of breast milk production before and after consumption of the Banana Blossom while the Chi Square test is there to see the effect of Banana Blossom consumption on breast milk production with a P value <0.05. The results showed there was a significant effect on increasing milk production in nursing mothers with a p-value of 0.002 <0.05.
Supporting Stranded Migrant Doctors in the UK during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bamrah JS 
Published: December 2020

The British Association of Physicians of Indian Origin (BAPIO) undertook a humanitarian project to come to the aid of several migrant doctors who were in the UK to take the Professional & Linguistic Assessment Board’s (PLAB) part 2 clinical examination, and had become stranded due to the lockdown during the first surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. The BAPIO PLAB stranded doctors’ project started as a serendipitous exercise in the third week of March 2020 with first a handful of migrant doctors, until it reached a peak of 267 doctors from 19 countries, and involved collaboration with multiple voluntary organisations, stakeholders, regulatory agencies and governments.
There was no denying the complexity and intricacy of the demands on the stranded doctors, but it was even more pleasing to witness how the project team were more than ready to meet the challenges. Under the umbrella of BAPIO, the project team doctors, who previously had barely known each other, took on all the challenges - teaching, pastoral support, career advice, writing curriculum vitae, finding food, accommodation and funds for those in need; organising professional support, links with the General Medical Council, the High Commission of India and the U.K. Home Office. The project was concluded on 19 September, with all the doctors either returning home or making a decision to work in the NHS when conditions allowed them to.
It is not possible to know how many passed their PLAB part 2 exams, but we estimated that over 50% did. The weekly virtual meetings, the camaraderie, the scale of the project, and most importantly bringing it to a closure without any major crisis, was only possible through sheer determination, understanding the needs, professionalism, leadership and excellent communication. The lessons from this project are important to illustrate the role of voluntary organisations (such as BAPIO) and the effectiveness of having established collaborative networks with official bodies and government agencies, for the future benefit migrant professionals.
Safety and Efficacy of One Week Oral Steroid Therapy in the Treatment of Common Eczemas
Authors: Saoji Vikrant Abhay , Bhat Arun L. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Oral steroids are not commonly used because of fear of side effects. A study was conducted to find out if a short course of 1 week of oral steroid without tapering is effective and safe for the treatment of common eczemas.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with common eczemas were included in the study. There were five groups. One group each received tablet prednisolone 15 mg morning and 10 mg after dinner for 7 days, tablet methylprednisolone 16 mg morning and 8 mg night for 7 days, and tablet betamethasone 2 mg morning and 1 mg night for 7 days. One group received tablet betamethasone 3 mg once a day as a single morning dose for 7 days and the last group received tablet deflazacort 18 mg morning and 12 mg night for 7 days only. All the patients also received topical clobetasol propionate cream for 1 month. However, the maximum permissible amount of topical clobetasol propionate was 30 g in a month. Basal serum cortisol at 8 am along with ACTH stimulation test was carried out in all the patients on day 10th. The tests were repeated on 30th day if negative on day 10th.

Results:
In all groups, rapid improvement was seen at visit 2, which further continued at visit 3. No suppressive effect on hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis was seen.

Conclusion:
A short course of oral steroid of 25 mg of prednisolone equivalent for a period of 7 days was found to be effective and safe, and 7 days of oral steroids do not need tapering.
Ketamine for Sickle Cell Vaso-Occlusive Crises
Authors: Alshahrani Mohammed S. , Alghamdi Mohannad A. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) is one of the main causes of hospital admission in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Ketamine is often used as an adjuvant to opioids to control sickle cell crisis; however, there is a lack of evidence about its safety and efficacy for VOC in SCD patients.

Objective:
To synthesize evidence from published reports about the efficacy and safety of ketamine in the management of acute painful VOC in both pediatric and adult SCD patients.

Methods:
A systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO and Cochrane Library was conducted, up to March 2019. Studies reporting the analgesic effects and side effects of ketamine in the management of acute painful VOC in pediatric and adult SCD patients were included. The primary outcome measure was improvement in pain scale, and the secondary outcomes were reduction in opioid utilization and side effects. Studies were narratively summarized in this review.

Results:
Fourteen studies (with a total of 604 patients) were included in the final analysis. Several case reports and case series showed that ketamine significantly reduced pain scales and opioid utilization in both populations. The only randomized controlled trial available showed that ketamine was noninferior to morphine in reducing pain scores, but had a higher incidence of nonlife-threatening, reversible adverse effects. However, a retrospective study of 33 patients showed a higher pain score in the ketamine group with an acceptable short-term adverse effect.

Conclusion:
Ketamine has a potentially comparable efficacy with other opioids in reducing the pain during VOC in SCD patients. However, it also likely has a higher rate of transient adverse events. Owing to the lack of published randomized controlled trials, current evidence is not sufficient to confirm the safety and efficacy of ketamine. Future well-designed randomized controlled trials are strongly recommended.
Social Media Use for Health Purposes by Chronic Disease Patients in the United States
Authors: Alhusseini Noara , Banta Jim E. , Oh Jisoo , Montgomery Susanne B. 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Social media can be a cost-effective instant tool for exchanging health information among those with chronic diseases. However, few studies have analyzed the nexus between chronic disease and patients' use of the internet for health-related purposes.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to determine if chronic disease patients in the United States use social media platforms to share health information and/or join groups of similar condition.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study conducted a secondary analysis of the Health Information Trends Survey dataset 5 (cycle 1 of 2017 and cycle 2 of 2018) (N = 6650), which is nationally representative of American adults. A series of chi-square tests was carried to examine the association between using social media by chronic disease patients and (a) sharing health information and (b) participating in relevant health groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine significant findings.

Results:
In terms of sharing health information on social media sites, those who were aged 18–49 years (P < 0.0001) and underweight (P = 0.04) were more likely to share health information on social media, while males were less likely to do so (P < 0.0001). In terms of joining relevant health groups on social media, predictors were being aged 35–49 years (P = 0.008), having a Bachelor's or postbaccalaureate degree (P < 0.02) and having depression or anxiety disorder (P = 0.004); males were less likely to join such groups (P = 0.0004).

Conclusion:
Individuals with chronic conditions, except depression or anxiety disorder, were not likely to participate in social media support groups. Future studies should explore how social media can be used to effectively engage those with chronic diseases, which may assist in disease management.
Nontransported Cases after Emergency Medical Service Callout in the Rural and Urban Areas of the Riyadh Region
Authors: Alanazy Ahmed Ramdan M. , Wark Stuart , Fraser John , Nagle Amanda 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Callouts resulting in patient nontransportation can impact the overall quality of prehospital Emergency Medical Service (EMS), as resources in health care are finite. While some studies have investigated the causes of nontransportation, few have examined whether there are differences between urban and rural patients. Similarly, there has been limited research focused on rural EMS in locations such as the Middle East.

Objectives:
This study investigated EMS cases that resulted in nontransportation in the urban and rural areas of the Riyadh region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study of 800 (400 rural and 400 urban) patient records was undertaken, using 12 months (January 1 to December 31, 2017) of data from the Saudi Red Crescent EMS. A random sampling method was used to select ambulance records from the 78 urban and rural EMS stations in the Riyadh region, with demographic data and reasons for patient nontransport analyzed comparatively.

Results:
A total of 310 cases were nontransported (39%) (rural: 146; urban = 164). The highest rates of nontransportation cases were of medical and trauma callouts (44.6% and 39.6%, respectively), which was consistent in both areas. The most common reason for nontransportation in both urban and rural areas was refusal of treatment and transportation (66.5% and 59.9%, respectively). Further, 10 patients were treated on-scene and released by rural EMS, while no urban patients were treated and released. Overall, the case presentations of nontransported patients did not differ significantly between both areas, and it was found that gender, age, and geographic location were not predictors for nontransportation.

Conclusions:
The high rate of nontransportation, particularly in medical and trauma callouts, indicates that a review of current EMS protocols may be required, along with consideration of relevant community education programs.
Safety and Efficacy of Convalescent Plasma for Severe COVID-19
Authors: AlShehry Nawal , Zaidi Syed Ziauddin A , AlAskar Ahmed , Al Odayani Abdurahman , Alotaibi Jawaher Mubarak , AlSagheir Ahmed , Al-Eyadhy Ayman , Balelah Saud , Salam Abdul , Zaidi Abdul Rehman Zia , Alawami Diea , Alshahrani Mohammed S. , AlMozain Nour , Abulhamayel Yem M , Al Qunfoidi Reem , Alfaraj Mona , Qushmaq Nahid , Alansari Rehab , Dayel Afra , Elgohary Ghada , Al Bahrani Ahmed , Nabhan Abdelhameed Arwa A. , AlZahrani Hazza Abdullah , Alturkistani Hanan , AlShehry Nada , Albalawi Mohammed Abdulhameed , Elalfy Ibrahim , Alhumaidan Hind , Al-Hashmi Hani 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To present the interim findings from a national study investigating the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma (CP) containing detectable IgG antibodies as a treatment strategy for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Trial Design and Participants:
An open label, two-arm, phase-II clinical trial conducted across 22 hospitals from Saudi Arabia. The intervention group included 40 adults (aged ≥18 years) with confirmed severe COVID-19 and the control group included 124 patients matched using propensity score for age, gender, intubation status, and history of diabetes and/or hypertension. Intervention group included those (a) with severe symptoms (dyspnea; respiratory rate, ≥30/min; SpO2, ≤93%, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, <300; and/or lung infiltrates >50% within 24–48 h), (b) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) care or (c) experiencing life-threatening conditions. The control group included confirmed severe COVID-19 patients of similar characteristics who did not consent for CP infusion or were not able to receive CP due to its nonavailability.

Interventions:
The intervention group participants were infused 300 ml (200–400 ml/treatment dose) CP at least once, and if required, daily for up to 5 sessions, along with receiving the best standard of care. The control group only received the best standard of care.

Outcomes:
The primary endpoints were safety and ICU length of stay (LOS). The secondary endpoints included 30-day mortality, days on mechanical ventilation and days to clinical recovery.

Results:
CP transfusion did not result in any adverse effects. There was no difference in the ICU LOS (median 8 days in both groups). The mortality risk was lower in the CP group: 13% absolute risk reduction (P = 0.147), hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.554 (0.299–1.027; P = 0.061) by log-rank test. There was no significant difference in the days on mechanical ventilation and days to clinical recovery.

Conclusion:
CP containing detectable antibodies is a safe strategy and may result in a decrease in mortality in patients with severe COVID-19. The results of the completed trial with a larger study sample would provide more clarity if this difference in mortality is significant.

Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04347681; Saudi Clinical Trials Registry No.: 20041102.
NGHIÊN CỨU QUY TRÌNH SẢN XUẤT BỘT RONG NHO (Caulerpa lentilliera) HOÀ TAN
Authors: HƯƠNG THỦY LÊ 
Published: December 2020

Bài báo này tập trung vào quy trình sản xuất bột rong nho hòa tan từ loài rong Caulerpa lentilliera sinh trưởng ở vùng biển Cam Ranh – Khánh Hòa. Công đoạn khử tanh bằng NaHCO3 ở các nồng độ (0,3% ÷ 0,7%) trong thời gian từ 10 đến 30 phút theo tỷ lệ nguyên liệu/dung dịch NaHCO3 là 1/4 (v/v), chiết dịch với sự hỗ trợ của pectinase ở các nồng độ (0,3 – 0,7%) trong thời gian 20 đến 60 phút ở nhiệt độ 40oC, và tối ưu hóa công đoạn sấy phun bằng phương pháp bề mặt đáp ứng Box-Behnken (maltodextrin (5- 15%), nhiệt độ sấy (155 – 175oC), và tốc độ dòng nhập liệu (20 - 30 ml/ph)) đã được nghiên cứu. Kết quả cho thấy, dung dịch NaHCO3 0,5%, tỉ lệ rong nho/dung dịch NaHCO3 là 1/4 (v/v) và thời gian 20 phút ngâm đã loại bỏ hoàn toàn mùi tanh của rong nho. Điều kiện chiết dịch có sự hỗ trợ của pectinase 0,5% trong 40 phút ở nhiệt độ 40oC, và pH tự nhiên của rong nho là tốt nhất. Bột rong nho hòa tan có chất lượng tốt nhất thu được ở điều kiện tối ưu là nhiệt độ sấy phun 164oC với tỷ lệ maltodextrin là 11% và tốc độ dòng nhập liệu 23 ml/ph.
KÉO DÀI HẠN SỬ DỤNG VÀ ỨC CHẾ TIẾN TRÌNH TẠO ĐỐM ĐEN Ở TÔM THẺ TRẮNG (Litopenaeus vannamei) BẰNG CÁC CHIẾT XUẤT TỰ NHIÊN
Authors: NHẤT TÂM LÊ 
Published: December 2020

Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là kéo dài hạn sử dụng và ức chế tiến trình tạo đốm đen ở tôm thẻ trắng (Litopenaeus vannamei) bằng các dung dịch polyphenol trích ly từ rong nho, rong sụn và vỏ bưởi. Các mẫu tôm được nhúng trong các dung dịch có hàm lượng polyphenol 2.0%, trong 10 phút, ở 4 oC và bảo quản ở 0 oC trong 15 ngày. Các chỉ số chất lượng gồm tổng lượng vi sinh vật hiếu khí, tổng base dễ bay hơi ở dạng nito, trimethylamine, giá trị K và mật độ đốm đen được đánh giá theo ngày bảo quản. Kết quả cho thấy, giá trị của các chỉ số chất lượng tăng theo thời gian bảo quản cùng sự giảm chất lượng tôm. Các mẫu tôm xử lý có hạn sử dụng cao so với mẫu đối chứng (8 ngày) và tiến trình tạo đốm đen chậm hơn. Đặc biệt, mẫu được xử lý với dịch rong nho có hạn sử dụng là 14 ngày, so với mẫu xử lý dịch rong sụn 13 ngày và với vỏ bưởi là 12 ngày. Kết quả nghiên cứu có thể ứng dụng trong bảo quản thủy sản sau thu hoạ
TERMS RELATED TO PRACTICE RULES AND REGULATIONS OF ORGANIC BEEKEEPING PRODUCTION IN TURKEY
Authors: Taş Lale 
Published: December 2020

Organic farming production; To the extent permitted by the regulation, it is a production in which chemical drugs are used that are friendly to human health and nature, and do not harm the environment and human health; It is a form of production that gives priority to the quality of the product rather than the amount of manufacture, and every stage is checked and certified by control and certification.
Organic Beekeeping, on the other hand, does not apply chemical drugs and artificial nutrition to bees at every stage from production to consumption, It is a production that is carried out on intact natural flora or organic farming areas and is controlled and certified by control certification companies.
Beekeeping; producers with low income, especially in rural areas, both in European countries and in our country and it is an important source of income for producers who do not have land. With this aspect, it adds added value at the micro-level in the rural areas and at the macro level in the country's economy.
The products obtained from bees are faced with the threat of risk factors that negatively affect food safety during the process of taking their place on the market shelves from production. For this reason, the importance of organic beekeeping increases as the aim is to increase the quality of organic beekeeping.
According to the Organic Agriculture Information System (OTBİS) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, in 2019, There are 249 enterprises engaged in organic beekeeping in Turkey. Organic beekeeping, the total number of organic hives is 50.100 and the total organic honey production is 576.76 tons.
Moreover according to the Organic Agriculture Information System of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, in 2019, 159 enterprises engaged in beekeeping in the transition process in Turkey present, it has a total of 21 484 hives in transition.
To increase this potential of our country and to ensure its sustainability, It can be achieved by producing reliable and better quality organic beekeeping products. For this, the production and consumption of organic beekeeping products should be expanded.