bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EUROPEAN UNION, CHINA AND SOLAR PANEL
Authors: Innocenthia Adieuva , Margaretha Yosinta , One Febri , Christine Junita , Magdalena Agnes 
Published: December 2020

The European Union and China are the two countries that have advantages in each of them. The European Union and China have a dispute regarding renewable energies, namely the problem with solar panels. China's policy of making solar panels prices have low bargaining power makes the European Union unable to accept the policy because it can cause a long trade conflict. The case study in this paper also illustrates that the EU is actively approaching it to overcome environmental challenges in China by involving the European Union in dialogue and negotiation on various issues and providing capacity-building support. China also introduced trade reforms and carbon emissions to environmental decision-making bodies in the European Union, and it was supported by the European Union, including through meetings to determine sustainable policies and development projects on energy and the environment.

Keywords: EU – China dispute, Environmental Challenges, anti-dumping, China’s policy, World Trade Organization.
INDONESIA SOFT POWER: TOBA CALDERA AS UNESCO GLOBAL GEOPARK 2020
Authors: Manurung Hendra , Sinabariba Elvinro 
Published: December 2020

This research aims to describe analytically Toba Caldera's ability to become one of the UNESCO Global Geopark in 2020. The research used a qualitative research method and is done through literature studies, government documents, and internet sources. Researchers founded, there are inter-linkages amongst Indonesia's central and local government together with stakeholders' continuous contribution who concern with Toba Caldera's sustainable tourism development. Those concerning parties fought for Toba Caldera's recognition status as the UNESCO Global Geopark. From 2011 to 2020, for nine years, the Toba Caldera was finally named a UNESCO Global Geopark during the UN Cultural Body's 209th Plenary Session held in Paris on July 7, 2020. Toba Caldera Geopark was a worldwide tourist magnet as it was home to 13 sites with breathtaking views, namely: Tongging Sipiso-Piso, Silalahi Sabungan, Haranggaol, Sibaganding Parapat, Eden Park, Balige Liong Spige Meat, Situmurun Blok Uluan, Hutaginjang, Muara Sibandang, Sipinsur Bakti Raja, Bakara Tipang, Tele Pangururan, and Pusuk Buhit. A ceremony where the UNESCO Global Geopark placard will be formally given to the Toba caldera is slated to be held in Jeju, South Korea, by September 2020. According to a statement from the Indonesian Embassy in Paris, Toba Caldera is among the 16 new UNESCO Global Geoparks announced by the organization's executive board. North Sumatra provincial administration is hopeful that the recognition will help boost foreign tourist arrivals to the destination.
Keywords: Toba caldera, UNESCO, Indonesia soft power, sustainable tourism development, tourist destination
Ungas psykiska ohälsa i medicinsk media 1970-2017
Authors: Larsson Anna-Karin 
Published: December 2020

Den här artikeln handlar om synen på barns och ungas psykiska hälsa och bygger på en studie av diskussioner, information och kunskap om ungas psykiska hälsa i Läkartidningen under 1970-, 1990- och 2010-talen. Syftet med studien har varit att undersöka hur den psykiska ohälsan och psykosociala problem har förklarats, om frågor, problem och förklaringar har förändrats över tid samt hur flickors och pojkars ohälsa framställts. Ambitionen med studien har varit att nå en fördjupad kunskap om hur den medicinska kunskapen relaterat till den historiska kontexten och interagerat med andra politiska och samhälleliga diskurser.
Bilden som framträder präglas av både kontinuitet och förändring. Det finns under perioden en genomgående och stabil uppfattning om dels en pågående ökning av psykiska besvär och psykosociala problem, dels en större utsatthet hos flickor. Det som förändras i den medicinska diskursen är framförallt vilka ohälsoproblem som tas upp samt förklaringarna till dem. Under 1970-talet finns en föreställning om att flickor är mer labila än pojkar och biologiska förklaringar till ohälsan förekommer. Gruppen barn och unga är förhållandevis homogen i texterna under 1970-talet. Ungdomar blir längre fram under undersökningsperioden en alltmer heterogen grupp med skilda ohälsouttryck, behov och utsikter. Medan man i de tidiga texterna beskriver hur ungas psykiska ohälsa ökar, oroas man i de senare decenniernas texter över att flickors psykiska ohälsa ökar. Ytterligare en förändring över tid är ohälsans uttryck i nya diagnoser, beteenden och symtom. Medan ohälsan under 1970-talet beskrivs i form av depressioner, huvudvärk och självdestruktivt beteende som kriminalitet och narkotika- eller alkoholmissbruk, observeras och beskrivs i högre utsträckning stressrelaterade problem med psykosomatiska uttryck från 1990-talet och framåt. En tydlig förändring är den nya uppmärksamheten kring levnadsvanornas betydelse för den psykosociala ohälsan. Nya och oroande levnadsvanor som stillasittande, skräpmat och tv/dataspelstid avslöjar också en utveckling och förändring av ungdomars fritidsvanor.
Sysselsättning för unga med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning
Authors: Arvidsson Jessica , Staland-Nyman Carin , Wildén Stephen , Tideman Magnus 
Published: December 2020

Studien analyserar sambanden mellan sysselsättning för unga vuxna med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning som gått i gymnasiesärskolan och deras sociala bakgrund, mätt som föräldrarnas utbildningsnivå och geografiska härkomst.
Den här registerstudien baseras på Halmstad university register on pupils with intellectual disabilities (HURPID), Longitudinell integrationsdatabas för arbetsmarknads- och sjukförsäkringsstudier (LISA) samt LSS-registret. Studien omfattar 12 269 unga med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning som gick ut gymnasiesärskolan mellan 2001 och 2011. De samband som studeras analyseras genom multipla logistiska regressioner.
Resultaten visar att föräldrars utbildningsnivå har viss betydelse för före detta gymnasiesärskoleelevers sysselsättning. Barn till högutbildade föräldrar har med större sannolikhet en sysselsättning inom daglig verksamhet och barn till lågutbildade föräldrar har med större sannolikhet ett förvärvsarbete. Sannolikheten för att ha någon av sysselsättningskategorierna daglig verksamhet eller förvärvsarbete är lägst bland barn till föräldrar som är födda i länder utanför Norden. Högutbildade föräldrar antas ha en högre grad av den ”välfärdskompetens” som krävs för att hantera dagens välfärdssystem och härigenom kunna påverka de ungas möjligheter att få insatser likt daglig verksamhet. Lågutbildade föräldrar antas ha egna erfarenheter av, och kontakter med, arbetsplatser där det finns arbetsuppgifter utan (eller med låga) formella kompetenskrav.
Samhällets kunskaper och medvetenhet om den sociala bakgrundens betydelse för efter(sär)gymnasial sysselsättning bland unga med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning behöver öka. Detta i syfte att bättre möta varierande individuella förutsättningar och främja etablering i arbetslivet för fler unga vuxna med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning vid övergången från skoltid till arbetsliv.
Development and Validation of a Combined Ferroptosis and Immune Prognostic Classifier for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Xi , Zhang Junjun , Tan Juan , Li Jie , Song Zewen 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundImmunotherapy and sorafenib exert anti-tumor effects via ferroptosis, but reliable biomarkers for the individual treatment and prognosis prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the ferroptosis and immune status remain lacking.MethodsFerroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were identified by downloading data from FerrDb and by searching and reading original articles from PubMed. Immune-related genes (IRGs) were downloaded from ImmPort. Prognostic FRGs and IRGs in the GSE14520 (n = 220) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 365) datasets were identified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression were used for model construction. Ferroptosis expression profiles, the infiltration of immune cells, and the somatic mutation status were analyzed and compared.ResultsTwenty-seven prognostic ferroptosis- and immune-related signatures were included to construct a comprehensive index of ferroptosis and immune status (CIFI). A subgroup of patients was identified as having a high CIFI value, which was associated with a worse prognosis. This subgroup of patients had significantly up-regulated expressions of many suppressors of ferroptosis and higher fractions of immunosuppressive cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Notably, somatic mutation analysis indicated that high-CIFI patients had higher levels of tumor heterogeneity and higher mutation frequencies of genes like TP53.ConclusionIn this work, a novel prognostic classifier was developed based on ferroptosis- and IRGs in HCC, and this classifier could be used for prognostic prediction and the selection of patients for immunotherapies and targeted therapies.
Intracellular Porphyromonas gingivalis Promotes the Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells via the MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Mu Wenxin , Jia Yiqun , Chen Xiaobing , Li Haoyu , Wang Zhi , Cheng Bin 
Published: December 2020

Porphyromonas gingivalis(P. gingivalis) is a keystone pathogen in periodontitis. However, several clinical studies have revealed an enrichment ofP. gingivalisin the stool samples and colorectal mucosa of colorectal cancer patients. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine whetherP. gingivaliscan promote colorectal cancer progressionin vitro. We established an acute infection model (24 h, multiplicity of infection =100) ofP. gingivalisinvasion of colorectal cancer cells to study the alterations induced byP. gingivalisin the proliferation and cell cycle of colorectal cancer cells. We observed thatP. gingivaliscan adhere and invade host cells a few hours after infection. Once invaded,P. gingivalissignificantly promoted colorectal cancer cell proliferation, and the percentage of S phase cells was increased in the cell cycle assay. However, KDP136, a gingipain-deficient mutant ofP. gingivalis33277, showed a decreased ability to promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation, indicating that gingipain is associated with colorectal cancer cell proliferation. Furthermore, we extracted RNA from colorectal cancer cells for high-throughput sequencing analysis and reconfirmed the results by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. The results suggested that the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway is significantly activated byP. gingivalis, while these changes were not observed for KDP136. In conclusion,P. gingivaliscan invade cells and promote the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Gingipain is an essential virulence factor in this interaction.
Morphologic Features of Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization in Pathologic Myopia on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Xie Jiamin , Chen Qiuying , Yu Jiayi , Zhou Hao , He Jiangnan , Wang Weijun , Fan Ying , Xu Xun 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To investigate the morphologic features and identify the risk factors of myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Methods: Eighty-eight eyes of 69 consecutive patients with myopic CNV were included in this study. About 109 eyes of 78 pathologic myopia patients without myopic CNV were randomly selected as the control group. Morphologic features and parameters including scleral thickness (ST), choroidal thickness (CT), posterior staphyloma height and the presence of scleral perforating vessels were obtained and measured by swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for myopic CNV.Results: Patients with myopic CNV had relatively shorter axial length (P &lt; 0.001) and thicker sclera (P &lt; 0.001) compared to those without. After adjusting age, gender and axial length, thick sclera (OR = 1.333, P &lt; 0.001 per 10-μm increase) and thin choroid (OR = 0.509, P &lt; 0.001 per 10-μm increase) were associated with the presence of myopic CNV. Scleral perforating vessels were detected in the area of myopic CNV in 78.67% of the subjects.Conclusions: A relatively thicker sclera and a thinner choroid are the biological indicators for myopic CNV on SS-OCT. Scleral perforating vessels may also play a pivotal role in the formation of myopic CNV.
Comparison of Three Motor Subtype Classifications in de novo Parkinson's Disease Patients
Authors: Ren Jingru , Hua Ping , Li Yuqian , Pan Chenxi , Yan Lei , Yu Cuiyu , Zhang Li , Xu Pingyi , Zhang Minming , Liu Weiguo 
Published: December 2020

Objective: The aims of this study were to compare the characteristics of three motor subtype classifications in patients with de novo Parkinson's disease (PD) and to find the most suitable motor subtype classification for identifying non-motor symptoms (NMSs).Methods: According to previous studies, a total of 256 patients with de novo PD were classified using the tremor-dominant/mixed/akinetic-rigid (TD/mixed/AR), TD/indeterminate/postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD), and predominantly TD/predominantly PIGD (p-TD/p-PIGD) classification systems.Results: Among the TD/mixed/AR subgroups, the patients with the AR subtype obtained more severe motor scores than the patients with the TD subtype. Among the TD/indeterminate/PIGD subgroups and between the p-TD and p-PIGD subgroups, the patients with the PIGD/p-PIGD subtype obtained more severe scores related to activities of daily living (ADL), motor and non-motor symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and sleep impairment, than the patients with the TD/p-TD subtype. Furthermore, symptoms in the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and miscellaneous domains of the Non-motor Questionnaire (NMSQuest) were more prevalent in the patients with the PIGD/p-PIGD subtypes than the patients with the TD/p-TD subtypes.Conclusions: The PIGD/p-PIGD subtypes had more severe ADL, motor and non-motor symptoms than the TD/p-TD subtypes. We disclosed for the first time that the TD/indeterminate/PIGD classification seems to be the most suitable classification among the three motor subtype classifications for identifying NMSs in PD.
Aberrant Metabolic Patterns Networks in Insular Epilepsy
Authors: Zhao Baotian , Seguin Caio , Ai Lin , Sun Tao , Hu Wenhan , Zhang Chao , Wang Xiu , Liu Chang , Wang Yao , Mo Jiajie , Zalesky Andrew , Zhang Kai , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Insular epilepsy is clinically challenging. This study aimed to map cerebral metabolic networks in insular epilepsy and investigate their graph-theoretic properties, with the goal of elucidating altered metabolic network architectures that underlie interictal hypometabolism.Aims: Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) imaging was performed in 17 individuals with a stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) confirmed diagnosis of insula epilepsy and 14 age- and sex-matched healthy comparison individuals. Metabolic covariance networks were mapped for each group and graph theoretical analyses of these networks were undertaken. For each pair of regions comprising a whole-brain parcellation, regionally-averaged FDG uptake values were correlated across individuals to estimate connection weights.Results: Correlation in regionally-averaged FDG uptake values in the insular epilepsy group was substantially increased for several pairs of regions compared to the healthy comparison group, particularly for the opercular cortex and subcortical structures. This effect was less prominent in brainstem structures. Metabolic covariance networks in the epilepsy group showed reduced small-worldness as well as altered nodal properties in the ipsilateral hemisphere, compared to the healthy comparison group.Conclusions: Cerebral glucose metabolism in insular epilepsy is marked by a lack of normal regional heterogeneity in metabolic patterns, resulting in metabolic covariance networks that are more tightly coupled between regions than healthy comparison individuals. Metabolic networks in insular epilepsy exhibit altered topological properties and evidence of potentially compensatory formation of aberrant local connections. Taken together, these results demonstrate that insular epilepsy is a systemic neurological disorder with widespread disruption to cerebral metabolic networks.
Breast Cancer During Pregnancy: A Marked Propensity to Triple-Negative Phenotype
Authors: Allouch Soumaya , Gupta Ishita , Malik Shaza , Al Farsi Halema F. , Vranic Semir , Al Moustafa Ala-Eddin 
Published: December 2020

Breast and cervical cancers comprise 50% of all cancers during pregnancy. In particular, gestational breast cancer is considered one of the most aggressive types of cancers, which is a rare but fatal disease. However, the incidence of this type of cancer is increasing over the years and its prevalence is expected to rise further as more women delay childbearing. Breast cancer occurring after pregnancy is generally triple negative with specific characterizations of a poorer prognosis and outcome. On the other hand, it has been pointed out that this cancer is associated with a specific group of genes which can be used as precise targets to manage this deadly disease. Indeed, combination therapies consisting of gene-based agents with other cancer therapeutics is presently under consideration. We herein review recent progress in understanding the development of breast cancer during pregnancy and their unique subtype of triple negative which is the hallmark of this type of breast cancer.
Effects of Combined Balance and Strength Training on Measures of Balance and Muscle Strength in Older Women With a History of Falls
Authors: Zouita Sghaier , Zouhal Hassane , Ferchichi Habiba , Paillard Thierry , Dziri Catherine , Hackney Anthony C. , Laher Ismail , Granacher Urs , Ben Moussa Zouita Amira 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveWe investigated the effects of combined balance and strength training on measures of balance and muscle strength in older women with a history of falls.MethodsTwenty-seven older women aged 70.4 ± 4.1 years (age range: 65 to 75 years) were randomly allocated to either an intervention (IG, n = 12) or an active control (CG, n = 15) group. The IG completed 8 weeks combined balance and strength training program with three sessions per week including visual biofeedback using force plates. The CG received physical therapy and gait training at a rehabilitation center. Training volumes were similar between the groups. Pre and post training, tests were applied for the assessment of muscle strength (weight-bearing squat [WBS] by measuring the percentage of body mass borne by each leg at different knee flexions [0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°], sit-to-stand test [STS]), and balance. Balance tests used the modified clinical test of sensory interaction (mCTSIB) with eyes closed (EC) and opened (EO), on stable (firm) and unstable (foam) surfaces as well as spatial parameters of gait such as step width and length (cm) and walking speed (cm/s).ResultsSignificant group × time interactions were found for different degrees of knee flexion during WBS (0.0001 &lt; p &lt; 0.013, 0.441 &lt; d &lt; 0.762). Post hoc tests revealed significant pre-to-post improvements for both legs and for all degrees of flexion (0.0001 &lt; p &lt; 0.002, 0.697 &lt; d &lt; 1.875) for IG compared to CG. Significant group × time interactions were found for firm EO, foam EO, firm EC, and foam EC (0.006 &lt; p &lt; 0.029; 0.302 &lt; d &lt; 0.518). Post hoc tests showed significant pre-to-post improvements for both legs and for all degrees of oscillations (0.0001 &lt; p &lt; 0.004, 0.753 &lt; d &lt; 2.097) for IG compared to CG. This study indicates that combined balance and strength training improved percentage distribution of body weight between legs at different conditions of knee flexion (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°) and also decreased the sway oscillation on a firm surface with eyes closed, and on foam surface (with eyes opened or closed) in the IG.ConclusionThe higher positive effects of training seen in standing balance tests, compared with dynamic tests, suggests that balance training exercises including lateral, forward, and backward exercises improved static balance to a greater extent in older women.
Towards Mindless Stress Regulation in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: A Systematic Review
Authors: Béquet Adolphe J. , Hidalgo-Muñoz Antonio R. , Jallais Christophe 
Published: December 2020

Background:Stress can frequently occur in the driving context. Its cognitive effects can be deleterious and lead to uncomfortable or risky situations. While stress detection in this context is well developed, regulation using dedicated advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) is still emergent.Objectives:This systematic review focuses on stress regulation strategies that can be qualified as “subtle” or “mindless”: the technology employed to perform regulation does not interfere with an ongoing task. The review goal is 2-fold: establishing the state of the art on such technological implementation in the driving context and identifying complementary technologies relying on subtle regulation that could be applied in driving.Methods:A systematic review was conducted using search operators previously identified through a concept analysis. The patents and scientific studies selected provide an overview of actual and potential mindless technology implementations. These are then analyzed from a scientific perspective. A classification of results was performed according to the different stages of emotion regulation proposed by the Gross model.Results:A total of 47 publications were retrieved, including 21 patents and 26 studies. Six of the studies investigated mindless stress regulation in the driving context. Patents implemented strategies mostly linked to attentional deployment, while studies tended to investigate response modulation strategies.Conclusions:This review allowed us to identify several ADAS relying on mindless computing technologies to reduce stress and better understand the underlying mechanisms allowing stress reduction. Further studies are necessary to better grasp the effect of mindless technologies on driving safety. However, we have established the feasibility of their implementation as ADAS and proposed directions for future research in this field.