bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel way to quantify schizophrenia symptoms in clinical trials
Authors: Medvedev Oleg N. , Berk Michael , Dean Olivia M. , Brown Ellie , Sandham Margaret H. , Dipnall Joanna F. , McNamara Robert K. , Sumich Alexander , Krägeloh Christian U. , Narayanan Ajit , Siegert Richard J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundA major problem in quantifying symptoms of schizophrenia is establishing a reliable distinction between enduring and dynamic aspects of psychopathology. This is critical for accurate diagnosis, monitoring and evaluating treatment effects in both clinical practice and trials.Materials and methodsWe applied Generalizability Theory, a robust novel method to distinguish between dynamic and stable aspects of schizophrenia symptoms in the widely used Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) using a longitudinal measurement design. The sample included 107 patients with chronic schizophrenia assessed using the PANSS at five time points over a 24‐week period during a multi‐site clinical trial of N‐Acetylcysteine as an add‐on to maintenance medication for the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.ResultsThe original PANSS and its three subscales demonstrated good reliability and generalizability of scores (G = 0.77‐0.93) across sample population and occasions making them suitable for assessment of psychosis risks and long‐lasting change following a treatment, while subscales of the five‐factor models appeared less reliable. The most enduring symptoms represented by the PANSS were poor attention, delusions, blunted affect and poor rapport. More dynamic symptoms with 40%‐50% of variance explained by patient transient state including grandiosity, preoccupation, somatic concerns, guilt feeling and hallucinatory behaviour.ConclusionsIdentified dynamic symptoms are more amendable to change and should be the primary target of interventions aiming at effectively treating schizophrenia. Separating out the dynamic symptoms would increase assay sensitivity in trials, reduce the signal to noise ratio and increase the potential to detect the effects of novel therapies in clinical trials.
Minimum tick size and analyst coverage: Evidence from the Tick Size Pilot Program
Authors: Chen Zhenhua , Huffman Adrienna , Narayanamoorthy Gans , Zhang Ruizhong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe examine whether an exogenous increase in the minimum tick size created by the natural experiment, the Tick Size Pilot Program, impacts analyst coverage. Proponents of the Tick Size Pilot Program argue that increasing the minimum tick size would increase analysts’ incentives to cover these firms (the promotion effect). In contrast, indirect evidence from prior research suggests that increasing the tick size might lead to decreased analyst coverage due to lower trading volume (the liquidity effect). Surprisingly, evidence on whether changes in tick size impact analyst coverage is absent from the literature. Using a difference‐in‐differences research design, we find that analyst coverage declined for tick‐constrained NYSE/AMEX stocks that experienced the strictest increase in minimum tick size trading rules. We find no change in analyst coverage for NASDAQ stocks, relative to the control sample. This finding is robust to several cross‐sectional tests and even within samples where we expect the promotion effect is strong. Overall, our results indicate that the regulatory activism surrounding the increase in the minimum tick size is likely misplaced, as we find no evidence to support the claims that increasing the minimum tick size increases analyst coverage for small cap stocks.
YAP is essential for TGF‐β‐induced retinal fibrosis in diabetic rats via promoting the fibrogenic activity of Müller cells
Authors: Zhang Wei , Kong Yichun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether Yes‐associated protein (YAP) activation and proliferation of retinal Müller cells play a role in the development of TGF‐β‐induced retinal fibrosis. We studied the effects of YAP activation on retinal fibrosis in diabetic rats and human retinal Müller cells (hMCs) in vitro. The retinal expression of YAP and fibrogenic molecules in rats was detected using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. After treatment with transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), the levels of fibrogenic molecules, and the activation of YAP and PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in hMCs were detected with Western blotting. The effect of YAP on retinal fibrotic changes was evaluated using YAP knockdown experiments and YAP inhibitors. Results showed that YAP expression was increased in the retina of diabetic rats along with increased retinal fibrosis. In cultured hMCs, YAP inhibition suppressed TGF‐β1‐stimulated hMC differentiation to myofibroblasts and extracellular matrix (ECM) production, while YAP activation promoted hMC differentiation and ECM production independent of TGF‐β1. Furthermore, hMCs cultured on a gel with greater stiffness differentiated into myofibroblasts in a YAP‐dependent manner. In diabetic rats, treatment with the YAP inhibitor verteporfin suppressed retinal fibrogenesis. In addition, the TGF‐β1‐induced PI3K/Akt signalling pathway mediated YAP activation as well as expression of fibrogenic molecules. The interaction between ECM stiffness and YAP forms a feed‐forward process leading to retinal fibrosis. Our work highlights YAP as an essential regulator of pro‐fibrotic responses in TGF‐β‐induced retinal fibrosis.
Large inflamed facial cysts in teenagers
Authors: Meister Harry , Shihab Nahla , Lebwohl Mark , Silverberg Nanette B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundFacial cysts can become large (1‐5 cm) or giant (>5 cm) on the face.ObjectiveTo describe the medical course of large and giant facial cysts in adolescents.MethodsA case series of 11 patients with large or giant facial cysts seen in an outpatient pediatric dermatology practice.ResultsSeven patients underwent incision and drainage with culture of cyst contents growing Cutibacterium acnes in six, while the seventh grew Cutibacterium acnes from a frequently worn hat. All patients were treated with traditional therapeutics for cystic acne including intralesional triamcinolone (n = 9), oral antibiotics (n = 10), and isotretinoin (n = 1). Three patients who did not undergo cyst drainage had persistent symptomatology requiring cyst excision, whereas the seven patients whose cysts were drained (3 on initial management and 4 after recurrence) eventually had complete healing without need for surgery.ConclusionIncision and drainage (I & D) and culture of cyst contents can identify cases of cysts related to Cutibacterium acnes. For some cases of large facial cysts related to Cutibacterium acne, I&D combined with conservative acne management (using standard acne guidelines) can prevent the need for surgical excision in some patients. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether this combination of therapy leads to best outcomes clinically and cosmetically.
In silico evaluation of some 4-(quinolin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives as potent V600E-BRAF inhibitors with pharmacokinetics ADMET and drug-likeness predictions
Authors: Umar Abdullahi Bello , Uzairu Adamu , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Uba Sani 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The resistance of V600E-BRAF to the vemurafenib and the side effects of the identified inhibitors trigger the research for a novel and more potent anti-melanoma agents. In this study, virtual docking screening along with pharmacokinetics ADMET and drug-likeness predictions were combined to evaluate some 4-(quinolin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives as potent V600E-BRAF inhibitors.

Results
Some of the selected compounds exhibited better binding scores and favorable interaction with the V600E-BRAF enzyme. Out of the screened compounds, two most potent (5 and 9) having good Rerank scores (− 128.011 and − 126.258) emerged as effective and potent V600E-BRAF inhibitors that outperformed the FDA-approved V600E-BRAF inhibitor (vemurafenib, − 118.607). Thus, the molecular docking studies revealed that the studied compounds showed competing for inhibition of V600E-BRAF with vemurafenib at the binding site and possessed better pharmacological parameters based on the drug-likeness rules filters for the oral bioavailability, and ADMET risk parameters.

Conclusion
The docking analysis, drug-likeness rules filters, and ADMET study identified compounds (5 and 9) as the best hits against V600E-BRAF kinase with enhanced pharmacological properties. This recommends that these compounds may be developed as potent anti-melanoma agents.
Concept of process capability indices as a tool for process performance measures and its pharmaceutical application
Authors: Mahapatra Abikesh Prasada Kumar , Song Jianwu , Shao Zhibo , Dong Tang , Gong Zihong , Paul Basudev , Padhy Indira 
Published: September 2020

The main objective of the present study is to present the concept of process capability and to focus its significance in pharmaceutical industries. From a practical view point, the control charts (such as X and R hart) sometimes are not convenient summary statistics when hundreds of characteristics in a plant or supply base are considered. In many situations, capability indices can be used to relate the process parameters. The resulting indices are unit less and provide a common, easily understood language for quantifying the performance of a process. Process capability indices (PCIs) are powerful means of studying the process ability for manufacturing a product that meets specifications. Several capability indices including Cp, Cpu, Cpl and Cpk have been widely used in manufacturing industry to provide common quantitative measures on process potential and performance. The formulas for these indices are easily understood and can be directly implemented. A process capability analysis compares the distribution of output from an in-control process to its speciﬁcations limits to determine the consistency with which the specifications can be met. The process capability is also having a significant role in pharmaceutical industry. Process capability indices can be a powerful tool by which to ensure drug product quality and process robustness. Determining process capability provides far more insight into any pharmaceutical process performance than simply computing the percentage of batches that pass or fail each year.
Keywords: Process capability; Cp/Cpk; Pp/Ppk; Pharmaceutical quality, process robustness, specification
ANALISIS DIMENSI BALANCE SCORECARD DARI PERSPEKTIF KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PT GUDANG GARAM, TBK DAN PT BENTOEL INTERNATIONAL INVESTAMA, TBK )
Authors: Sitanggang Friska Artaria , Putri Dini Elida , Melina Erny 
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk untuk mengetahui gambaran PT Gudang Garam, Tbk dan PT Bentoel International Investama, Tbk. Jika ditinjau dari konsep Balanced Scorecard dalam perspektif keuangan, yakni dimensi pelanggan, dimensi proses bisnis internal, dimensi sumber daya manusia, dan dimensi keuangan.Setelah melakukan penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa historikal penjualan yang mewakili dimensi pelanggan menggambar tren meningkat selama periode tahun penelitian 2013-2018, artinya perusahaan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan dan selera pelanggan sehingga penjualan dapat terus meningkat selama periode tahun penelitian. Rata-rata angka ratio perputaran aktiva serta current ratio yang mewakili dimensi proses bisnis internal pada objek penelitian masing-masing yakni pada PT Gudang Garam, Tbk masing-masing 1,2 kali dan 184,1% sedangkan PT Bentoel International Investama, Tbk masing-masing 1,4 kali dan 172%. Dari dimensi sumber daya manusia, diproksikan dengan angka rasio rata-rata Return on Equity (ROE) PT Gudang Garam, Tbk dan PT Bentoel International Investama, Tbk masing-masing 16.8% dan -60,7%. Sementara dari dimensi keuangan, diwakili oleh rasio solvablitas yakni Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) rata-rata dari PT Gudang Garam, Tbk dan PT Bentoel International Investama, Tbk masing-masing 39,0% dan 72,8%. Dari kedua objek penelitian, PT Gudang Garam, Tbk memiliki struktur modal optimal, dikarenakan dengan komposisi struktur modal yang dimiliki, perusahaan ini memiliki kemampulabaan positif yang ditunjukkan oleh perolehan angka rasio ROE yakni selama periode tahun penelitian 2013-2018.
BOOK REVIEW OF THEORIES OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR By John B. Miner (Research Professor of Management and Coordinator of Doctoral Programs for the College of Business Administration Georgia State University) Hinsdale, Illinois: The Dryden Press. 1980.
Authors: Nur Hasanah NurHasanah 
Published: September 2020

Buku Miner (1980) yang berjudul ‘Theories of Organizational Behavior’ ini memberikan beberapa kontribusi.Pertama, buku ini berkontribusi bagi perkembangan teori organisasi. Meskipun fokus buku ini hanya membahas sebagian saja dari keseluruhan bidang studi organisasional, yaitu bagian yang disebut perilaku organisasional, atau analisis level mikro (level konsiderasi individual dan kelompok kecil), namun juga memberikan kontribusi pada perkembangan teori organisasi yang berfokus pada level makro. Seperti yang dikatakan Robbins (1990) bahwa perbedaan mikro-makro ini menciptakan beberapa tumpang tindih sehingga orang yang mempelajari OB harus mempertimbangkan hubungan struktur-perilaku.Terkadang beberapa topik mikro relevan dengan studi OT.
Kedua, buku ini berkontribusi dalam memberikan masukan bagi para akademisi dan peneliti serta praktisi (dalam hal ini manajer) karena menjelaskan manfaat teoritis dan manajerial dari teori-teori yang dibahas yang sudah terbukti kontribusinya di lapangan terhadap pemahaman mengenai organisasi dan praktek-praktek manajemen. Bagi para peneliti diberikan saran untukriset mendatang dan apa saja yang harus diperhatikan dalam melaksanakan risetnya, dan bagi para manajer diberikan saran dalam membuat kebijakan-kebijakan dalam organisasi.
Ketiga, buku ini menjadi pondasi dan inspirasi berkelanjutan bagi Miner sendiri dalam mengembangkan buku-buku teori organisasi –yang hal ini sangat bermanfaat bagi banyak orang.Buku ini adalah buku pertama Miner yang membahas bidang studi organisasional, yang berfokus pada analisis level mikro. Buku Miner selanjutnya dalam serial buku terkait teori-teori perilaku organisasional pada analisis level mikro ini berjudul ‘Organizational Behavior: Foundations, Theories, and Analysis’ (2002) dan buku ‘Organizational Behavior 1: Essential Theories of Motivation and Leadership (2005). Setelah itu, Miner mulai membahas teori-teori studi organisasional pada analisis level makro dengan menulis sebuah buku yang berjudul ‘Organizational Behavior 2: Essential Theories of Process and Structure (2006). Teori-teori analisis level makro inilah yang disebut dengan Teori Organisasi (OT).
Selanjutnya, Miner menulis lagi buku-buku selanjutnya yang berjudul ‘Organizational Behavior 3: Historical Origins, Theoretical Foundations, and The Future’ (2006), ‘Organizational Behavior 4: From Theory to Practice’ (2007), ‘Organizational Behavior 5: From Unconscious Motivation to Role-Motivated Leadership’ (2008), dan terakhir ‘Organizational Behavior 6: Integrated Theory Development and The Role of The Unconscious’ (2011). Academy of Management Review selalu menyebut keenam rangkaian buku Miner ini (Organizational Behavior 1 – 6) sebagai state of the art of organizational behaviour theories (state of the art dari teori-teori perilakuorganisasional).
Hybrid Switch with Tungsten-clad Copper Contacts for Arc-free On/Off Switching up to DC 400 A
Authors: K. Yasuoka  , Y. Yamada  
Published: September 2020

Direct current (DC) switches are one of the key components of DC power distribution systems. During the closing and opening periods of the switch, arc discharges are generated causing contact erosion and a reduction of dielectric strength between the contacts. A hybrid DC switch, consisting of mechanical contacts, semiconductor devices, and metal-oxide varistors, can shorten the arc duration; however, a short duration arc still causes contact erosion and induces a reignition of the arc. Arc-free DC switching up to 400 A for closing and opening periods is demonstrated using tungsten-clad copper contacts anda SiC-MOSFET module. The tungsten part of the contacts increases the boiling voltage of the latter, and the copper part decreases the maximum temperature at the contact spot. Both parts are crucial to achieving arc-free switching.
APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HUMAN LIFE
Authors: Kamble Rupali , Shah Deepali 
Published: September 2020

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized in information technology.AI is a subfield of computer science that includes the creation of intelligent machines and software that work and react like human beings. AI and its Applications gets used in various fields of life of humans as expert system solve the complex problems in various areas as science, engineering, business, medicine, video games and Advertising. But “Do any traffic lights use Artificial Intelligence??”, I thought a lot of this when waiting in a red light.
This paper gives an overview of Artificial Intelligence and its applications used in human life. This will explore the current use of Artificial Intelligence technologies in Network Intrusion for protecting computer and communication networks from intruders, in the medical area-medicine, to improve hospital inpatient care, for medical image classification, in the accounting databases to mitigate the problems of it, in the computer games, and in Advertising. Also, it will show artificial intelligence principle and how they were applying in traffic signal control, how they solve some traffic problem in actual. This paper gives an introduction to a self-learning system based on RBF neural network and how the system can simulate the traffic police’s experience. This paper is focusing on how to evaluate the effect of the control with the changing of the traffic and adjust the signal with the different techniques of Artificial Intelligence.
Pendidikan Anak dalam Keluarga Era Covid-19
Authors: Trisnawati Wahyu , Sugito Sugito 
Published: September 2020

Orang tua merupakan pendidik pertama dan utama dalam proses perkembangan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran sentral orang tua dalam pendidikan anak usia dini mengenai pelaksanaan tugas yang diberikan oleh guru pada masa pandemic coronavirus disease atau dikenal dengan virus covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif guna memperoleh informasi berkaitan dengan pendidikan anak usia dini pada era covid-19, bagaimana pendidikan yang diterapkan oleh keluarga pada era covid-19. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang sudah terkumpul dianalisis dengan langkah reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang tua memberikan pendampingan kepada anak dengan cara membantu anak mengerjakan tugas, belajar dari lingkungan sekitar dan memberikan pengetahuan mengenai covid-19. Orang tua telah berhasil menciptakan suasana belajar yang nyaman yaitu dengan memberikan fasilitas belajar yang memadai, melakukan pendampingan dalam penyelesaian tugas, dan memberikan rewards.
The Regulatory Effects of Purα on PARP1 Gene Expression and its functions on DNA repair
Authors: He Wenxin He , Cui Jianqi , Li Yongling , Shi Xiaoguang , Chai Juan , Zhang Binying , Guo Shanshan , Yuan Chengmin , Li Ping , Sun Tao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The luciferase reporter construct, which contains a poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 gene promoter, was transfected into U87MG cells with the Purα eukaryotic expression vector, and the activities of PARP1 promoter were assessed by luciferase assay to evaluate the regulatory effects of Purα on PARP1 gene expression. The Purα eukaryotic expression vector was transfected into U87MG cells, and the cell total RNA and protein were extracted to determine the effects of Purα on PARP1 gene expression at transcriptional and translational levels by real-time PCR and Western blotting assay. The results demonstrated that Purα can positively regulate PARP1 promoter activity and promote PARP1 gene expression both at transcriptional and translational levels. The further study illustrated that Purα can collaborate with PARP1 in the repair of damaged DNA; the results of a pull-down assay suggested that there is a physical interaction between Purα and PARP1. The overexpression of Purα can increase endogenous PARP1 expression and alleviate the expression of the DNA damage signal protein γH2AX. Above all, we believe that Purα possesses a positive regulatory effect on PARP1 gene expression and collaborates with PARP1 to repair damaged DNA.
Keywords: Purα; poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1; regulation of gene expression, DNA damage, and repair.
Roman Cieślewicz affichiste de cinéma
Authors: Albera François 
Published: September 2020

Roman Cieślewicz (1930-1996), connu en France où il émigre en 1963 pour ses travaux graphiques – plusieurs catalogues d’exposition du Centre Pompidou et nombre de revues et magazines – a été formé à Cracovie dans le domaine des arts graphiques. À partir de 1955, il conçoit des affiches au sein du centre de diffusion du film, seul distributeur dans la Pologne d’après-guerre. Cet organisme joue en quelque sorte un rôle de mécène artistique en soutenant les aspirations de nombreux artistes à créer des œuvres personnelles loin de la production standard ayant cours dans les autres pays. Une totale liberté de création était octroyée aux graphistes et aucune pression commerciale ne s’exerçait sur eux. Cieślewicz y rejoint un groupe de dessinateurs qui compte Henryk Tomaszewski, Wojciech Zamecznik, Jan Lenica, Jan Mlodozeniec, Waldemar Swierzy, et réalise environ 70 affiches de cinéma. À Paris – tout en continuant à réaliser des affiches pour des films polonais (notamment de Wajda), il est engagé à son arrivée par Elle, travaille pour Opus international et gagne une réputation qui lui permet de devenir indépendant et de développer une œuvre artistique fondée notamment sur le collage. Proche de Roland Topor et, par son intermédiaire, d’Anatole Dauman, il réalise encore quelques affiches de cinéma en France par amitié pour des réalisateurs comme Arrabal, Pollet, Cassenti, Depardon. Celle de l’Attentat d’Yves Boisset remporte un prix spécial au festival de Cannes en 1973.
Introduction
Authors: Séginger Gisèle 
Published: September 2020

<p class="resume">Ce numéro – issu du programme de la Fondation Maison des Sciences de l’Homme de Paris « Littérature et savoirs du vivant – <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">xix</span><sup>e</sup>-<span style="font-variant:small-caps;">xx</span><sup>e</sup> siècle » – s’interroge sur la formation et la circulation interdisciplinaires des savoirs du vivant. Nous avons orienté nos investigations dans deux directions : d’une part le rapport entre les formes de vie et les formes esthétiques, tant dans les réflexions théoriques sur la morphogenèse des formes esthétiques, que dans la pratique et l’écriture scientifique ou dans l’expérience poétique ; d’autre part le rapport entre la logique du vivant et la logique du temps historique. Dans ce second cas, on voit comment certaines interrogations, par exemple sur le rythme du temps – évolution ou révolution ? – traversent des champs différents, comment la littérature peut prendre en charge ce débat grâce à ses potentialités critiques, ou comment certains rêves, certaines angoisses sur le sens du mouvement – palingénésie ou dégénérescence ? – sont à l’origine de spéculations poético-philosophiques, ou le cas échéant d’<em>idéologèmes</em> qui circulent de la médecine et des sciences sociales à la littérature.</p>