bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital technologies for monitoring infected people, identifying contacts and tracking transmission chains in the corona virus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: de Souza Talita Araujo , de Almeida Medeiros Arthur , Barbosa Isabelle Ribeiro , de Vasconcelos Torres Gilson 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
In times of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to the urgent need to respond quickly to the challenges posed by the introduction of a new etiological agent and the peculiarity of the disease, which poses risks to people's lives and health, the use of digital technologies for monitoring and surveillance have been used as a means of fighting coronavirus. Thus, this study will identify the use of digital technologies to monitor, identify contacts and track transmission chains of COVID-19 worldwide.

Methods:
The systematic review of this protocol will follow the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes Protocols. We will include studies that present digital technologies used in the monitoring of infected people, contact identification and the transmission chain of COVID-19 developed worldwide. For the selection of articles, the following databases will be consulted: PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Livivo and CINAHL. In addition, we will conduct extensive research on selected sources of gray literature, including bibliographic databases, web-based search engines, practice-oriented magazines and government websites. Data extraction will take place in 2 stages (1- title and abstract screening and 2- full-text screening) and will be carried out independently by 2 reviewers, using the Mendeley software and the Rayyan QCRI application. The studies will be characterized as to the type and design of the study in relation to the ease in demonstrating the technologies used and the type of information produced. If it is necessary to synthesize quantitative data, the heterogeneity assessment will be performed using I2 statistics, and the meta-analysis will be processed using Review Manager 5.3.

Results:
The development of this research will allow the knowledge of how these technologies were applied according to each territory and their effectiveness in reducing cases of COVID-19.

Conclusion:
The results of this review can reveal the importance of modern technologies for reducing cases of COVID-19 and that these measures can be adopted by governments, organizations and for everyone

Record of systematic review:
CRD42020211744.
Effectiveness and safety of Xinyin tablet in treatment of chronic heart failure
Authors: Liu Qingqing , Huang Xi , Tian Mingyang , Dong Xiaoming , Kang Jinhua , Liao Huili , Liu Jianhong , Ling Yan , Long Wenjie , Yang Zhongqi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
Xinyin Tablet (XYT) has been widely used in the treatment of CHF, Which helping to improve the clinical symptoms, enhance exercise, and even may improve the long-term prognosis of patients. However, the exact effectiveness and safety of XYT for CHF has not be comprehensively researched, so we want to generalize the effectiveness and safety of XYT for CHF through the meta-analysis, which may benefit the design of future clinical trials and provide valuable references.

Methods:
This protocol complies with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. From the inception until September 2020, a systematic and comprehensive electronic search about Relevant randomized controlled trials will be conducted in 4 English literature databases and 4 Chinese literature databases. The registration number: INPLASY2020100015. 2 investigators will be arranged to deal with the study selection and data extraction independently. The New York Heart Function Classification, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores, the scores of quality of life, 6-min walk distance (6MWD), etc. will be systematically measured as outcomes. At last, the data will be handled by Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 15.0.

Results and conclusion:
This study is hoping to provide a high-level evidence to prove the therapeutic effect of XYT on CHF, which may enhance the application of Chinese medicine.
The effects of exercise therapy on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19
Authors: Qiu Guorong , Ji Yu , Tan Yajun , He Benxiang , Tan Chunfeng , Wang Zhuoling , Gao Hongpan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
Since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, more than 20 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with COVID-19, and all health care workers are looking for ways to improve the cure rate of the disease. As an important method of rehabilitation therapy, exercise therapy has been proved to improve the level of human function, promote the recovery of diseases, and improve the human immune ability. The main objective of this study was to provide reliable methods and credible evidence for exercise therapy to improve the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.

Methods and analysis:
The scheme was systematically reviewed in accordance with the preferred reporting items. We searched the following experimental databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), China Science and Wanfang Database. All trials using exercise therapy for rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients in the above database should be considered for inclusion. Relevant randomised controlled trials(RCTS), controlled before and after, interrupted time series and prospective analytic cohort studies regardless of publication date, language and geographic location, will be included. To summarize the therapeutic effect of exercise therapy on COVID-19 patients, high-quality literature was selected for data extraction and analysis. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles against inclusion criteria; perform data extraction and assess risk of bias in included studies. We will assess the certainty of the overall evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach and report findings accordingly.

Results:
In this study, we hope to summarize effective exercise therapy that can improve the prognosis of COVID-19 patients and find strong evidence for it.

Conclusions:
The conclusions of this study will provide reliable evidence to determine whether exercise and exercise therapy can improve the prognosis of COVID-19 patients and guide future studies.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42020209025.
Novel therapeutic compounds for prostate adenocarcinoma treatment
Authors: Li Kai , Fan Jingyuan , Qin Xinyi , Wei Qingjun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy, particularly for people >70 years old. The main challenge in the treatment of advanced neoplasm is bone metastasis and therapeutic resistance for known oncology drugs. Novel treatment methods to prolong the survival time and improve the life quality of these specific patients are required. The present study attempted to screen potential therapeutic compounds for the tumor through bioinformatics approaches, in order to provide conceptual treatment for this malignant disease.

Methods:
Differentially expressed genes were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and submitted into the Connectivity Map database for the detection of potentially associated compounds. Target genes were extracted from the search results. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment were performed for the confirmation. Survival analysis was used to measure potential therapeutic effects.

Results:
It was revealed that 3 compounds (vanoxerine, tolnaftate, and gabexate) may help to prolong the disease-free survival time from tumor metastasis of patients with the tumor. A total of 6 genes [also-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), collagen type III α 1 chain (COL3A1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), glucuronidase, β pseudogene 11 (GUSBP11), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and collagen type I α 1 chain (COL1A1)] were identified to be the potential therapeutic targets for the aforementioned compounds.

Conclusion:
In the present study, it was speculated that 3 compounds may function as the potential therapeutic drugs of bone metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma; however, further studies verifying vitro and in vivo are necessary.
Metabolic and immunological evaluation of patients with indeterminate and cardiac forms of Chagas disease
Authors: Rocha Ivonete Helena , Ferreira Marques Ana Luisa , Moraes Giselle Vanessa , Alves da Silva Djalma Alexandre , Silva Marcos Vinicius da , Rodrigues Virmondes , Cunha Daniel Ferreira da , Correia Dalmo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chagas disease affects approximately 7 million people, causing disability and mortality in the most productive life stages of infected individuals. Considering the lifestyle of the world population, metabolic syndrome is a synergistic factor for an increased cardiovascular risk of patients with Chagas disease.
This study transversally evaluated the metabolic and immunological profiles of patients with indeterminate (IF) and cardiac (CF) forms of Chagas disease and their correlations with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD).
Clinical and electrical bioimpedance analysis, levels of cytokines (interferon [IFN]-γ, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-17, IL-10, and IL-33) and adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin, and resistin), metabolic syndrome components, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were assessed in 57 patients (13 IF and 44 CF) with a mean age of 61.63 ± 12.1 years. Chest x-ray, electrocardiogram, and echocardiogram were performed to classify the clinical forms.
The CF group had a higher number of individuals with metabolic syndrome components blood pressure altered, while more participants in the CF group with LVD had low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. The IF group had more participants with a higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). No significant difference was observed between metabolic syndrome, cytokine and adipocytokine level, and clinical forms of the disease or in relation to LVD.
Individuals with the IF showed metabolic and immunological profiles compatible with increased disease control, whereas those with CF showed marked inflammatory immune response.
Tumor-associated macrophages based signaling pathway analysis and hub genes identification in glioma
Authors: Wang Xiang , Ning Weihai , Qiu Zhiqiang , Li Shenglun , Zhang Hongwei , Yu Chunjiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the immune response to many malignancies, but the signaling pathways by which the glioma microenvironment cross-talk with TAMs are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to uncover the potential signaling pathways of the regulation of TAMs and identify candidate targets for therapeutic intervention of glioma through bioinformatics analysis.
Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets were used to download RNA-Seq data and microarray data of human glioma specimen. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CD68-high samples and CD68-low samples were sorted. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs was conducted. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were formed to identify the hub genes.
The prognostic value of TAMs in glioma patients was confirmed. A total of 477 specific DEGs were sorted. The signaling pathway was identified in pathway enrichment and the DEGs showed prominent representations of immune response networks in glioma. The hub genes including C3, IL6, ITGB2, PTAFR, TIMP1 and VAMP8 were identified form the PPI network and they were all correlated positively with the expression of CD68 and showed the excellent prognostic value in glioma patients.
TAMs can be used as a good prognostic indicator in glioma patients. By analyzing comprehensive bioinformatics data, we uncovered the underlying signaling pathway of the DEGs between glioma patients with high and low expression level of CD68. Furthermore, the 6 hub genes identified were closely associated with TAMs in glioma microenvironment and need further investigation.
Avoidable Serum Potassium Testing in the Cardiac ICU: Development and Testing of a Machine-Learning Model
Authors: Patel Bhaven B. , Sperotto Francesca , Molina Mathieu , Kimura Satoshi , Delgado Marlon I. , Santillana Mauricio , Kheir John N. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
To create a machine-learning model identifying potentially avoidable blood draws for serum potassium among pediatric patients following cardiac surgery.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary-care center.

Patients:
All patients admitted to the cardiac ICU at Boston Children’s Hospital between January 2010 and December 2018 with a length of stay greater than or equal to 4 days and greater than or equal to two recorded serum potassium measurements.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
We collected variables related to potassium homeostasis, including serum chemistry, hourly potassium intake, diuretics, and urine output. Using established machine-learning techniques, including random forest classifiers, and hyperparameter tuning, we created models predicting whether a patient’s potassium would be normal or abnormal based on the most recent potassium level, medications administered, urine output, and markers of renal function. We developed multiple models based on different age-categories and temporal proximity of the most recent potassium measurement. We assessed the predictive performance of the models using an independent test set. Of the 7,269 admissions (6,196 patients) included, serum potassium was measured on average of 1 (interquartile range, 0–1) time per day. Approximately 96% of patients received at least one dose of IV diuretic and 83% received a form of potassium supplementation. Our models predicted a normal potassium value with a median positive predictive value of 0.900. A median percentage of 2.1% measurements (mean 2.5%; interquartile range, 1.3–3.7%) was incorrectly predicted as normal when they were abnormal. A median percentage of 0.0% (interquartile range, 0.0–0.4%) critically low or high measurements was incorrectly predicted as normal. A median of 27.2% (interquartile range, 7.8–32.4%) of samples was correctly predicted to be normal and could have been potentially avoided.

Conclusions:
Machine-learning methods can be used to predict avoidable blood tests accurately for serum potassium in critically ill pediatric patients. A median of 27.2% of samples could have been saved, with decreased costs and risk of infection or anemia.
Nonlabens ponticola sp. nov., isolated from seawater and reclassification of Nonlabens sediminis as a later heterotypic synonym of Nonlabens tegetincola
Authors: Seo Ye Lin , Jung Jaejoon , Song Chi-une , Kwon Yong Min , Jung Hye Su , Eyun Seong-il , Jeon Che Ok 
Published: December 2020

A Gram-stain-negative, orange-pigmented and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain MJ115T, was isolated from seawater in Pohang, South Korea. Cells were non-motile rods and showed positive reactions for catalase and oxidase tests. Growth of strain MJ115T was observed at 4–35 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6.0–7.0 (optimum, pH 6.5) and in the presence of 0–8.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2.0%). Strain MJ115T contained iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 1
ω9c, C17 : 0 2-OH, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω7c and/or C16 : 1
ω6c) as major cellular fatty acids and menaquinone-6 as the major respiratory quinone. Phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and four unidentified lipids were detected as major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 40.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MJ115T formed a phyletic lineage with

Nonlabens marinus

S1-08T,

Nonlabens agnitus

JC2678T and

Nonlabens antarcticus

AKS 622T within the genus

Nonlabens

. Strain MJ115T was also most closely related to

N. marinus

S1-08T,

N. agnitus

JC2678T and

N. antarcticus

AKS 622T with 96.5, 96.4 and 96.0 % 16S rRNA sequence similarities, respectively. Here it is proposed that strain MJ115T represents a new species of the genus

Nonlabens

, for which the name Nonlabens ponticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MJ115T (=KCTC 72237T=NBRC 113963T). In addition, the comparison of the whole genome sequences and phenotypic features suggested that

Nonlabens tegetincola

and

Nonlabens sediminis

belong to the same species. Therefore, it is proposed that

N. sediminis

is reclassified as a later heterotypic synonym of

N. tegetincola

.
The effect of osteotomy technique (flat-cut vs wedge-cut Weil) on pain relief and complication incidence following surgical treatment for patients presenting with metatarsalgia in a private metropolitan clinic: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fatima Manaal , Ektas Nalan , Scholes Corey , Symes Michael , Wines Andrew 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionWeil osteotomies are performed to surgically treat metatarsalgia, by shortening the metatarsal via either a single distal oblique cut (flat-cut) with translation of the metatarsal head, or through removal of a slice of bone (wedge-cut). The wedge-cut technique purportedly has functional and mechanical advantages over the flat-cut procedure, however in-vivo data and quality of evidence is currently lacking. This study aims to investigate whether wedge-cut Weil osteotomy compared to traditional flat-cut Weil is associated with increased pain relief and fewer complications up to 12 months postoperatively.Methods and analysisPatient, surgical and clinical data will be collected for 80 consecutive consenting patients electing to undergo surgical treatment of propulsive metatarsalgia in a randomised control trial, embedded within a clinical registry. The primary outcome is patient-reported pain as assessed by the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) - Pain subscale, and the secondary outcome is the incidence of procedure-specific complications at up to 12 months postoperatively. The groups will be randomised using a central computer-based simple randomisation system, with a 1:1 allocation without blocking and allocation concealment. A mixed-effects analysis of covariance will be used to assess the primary outcome, with confounders factored into the model. A binary logistic regression will be used to assess the secondary outcome in a multivariable model containing the same confounders.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12620001251910. Registered on 23 November 2020.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for this study was provided through the NSW/VIC branch of the Ramsay Health Care Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC approval number 2020-007). The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.Strengths and limitations of this studyTo the best of the authors knowledge, the trial will be the first to examine clinical efficacy of the wedge-cut Weil osteotomy compared to the flat-cut technique with a prospective, randomised control design.A sample size of N=80 participants will ensure adequate power to detect differences between the control and experimental groups, with an allowance for a dropout rate of 10%.A limitation in the methods is the routine performance of adjunct surgical procedures for lesser toe or soft tissue correction. The statistical plan aims to control for this by treating adjunct procedures as potential confounders of the effect of the intervention, along with prognostic factors identified from available literature on pain ratings in metatarsalgia. These confounders will be included in the models used to analyse the primary and secondary outcomes.
Analysis of PTRHD1 common and rare variants in European patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Sosero Yuri L. , Bandres-Ciga Sara , Gan-Or Ziv , Krohn Lynne 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThree family studies identified three different variants in the peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase domain containing 1 gene (PTRHD1) in patients affected by syndromic parkinsonism. In the current study, our objective was to investigate whether PTRHD1 variants are associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk and age at onset (AAO). To evaluate the association between PTRHD1 and PD risk, we analyzed whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of 1,647 PD cases and 1,050 healthy controls, as well as genome-wide imputed genotyping data on 14,671 PD cases and 17,667 controls, all of European ancestry. Furthermore, we examined the association of PTRHD1 with PD risk and AAO using summary statistics data from the most recent PD genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses. Our results show no association between PTRHD1 and PD risk or AAO. We conclude that PTRHD1 does not play a major role in PD in the European population. Further large-scale studies including subjects with different ancestry and family trios might further clarify the relationship of this gene with PD and atypical parkinsonism.
Deep Learning Fusion for COVID-19 Diagnosis
Authors: Kechagias-Stamatis Odysseas , Aouf Nabil , Koukos John A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease has spurred a tremendous research boost aiming at controlling it. Under this scope, deep learning techniques have received even more attention as an asset to automatically detect patients infected by COVID-19 and reduce the doctor’s burden to manually assess medical imagery. Thus, this work considers a deep learning architecture that fuses the layers of current-state-of-the-art deep networks to produce a new structure-fused deep network. The advantages of our deep network fusion scheme are multifold, and ultimately afford an appealing COVID-19 automatic diagnosis that outbalances current deep learning methods. Indeed, evaluation on Computer Tomography (CT) and X-ray imagery considering a two-class (COVID-19/ non-COVID-19) and a four-class (COVID-19/ non-COVID-19/ Pneumonia bacterial / Pneumonia virus) classification problem, highlights the classification capabilities of our method attaining 99.3% and 100%, respectively.
Modeling of aerosol transmission of airborne pathogens in ICU rooms of COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory failure
Authors: Crawford Cyril , Vanoli Emmanuel , Decorde Baptiste , Lancelot Maxime , Duprat Camille , Josserand Christophe , Jilesen Jonathan , Bouadma Lila , Timsit Jean-François 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has generated many concerns about cross-contamination risks, particularly in hospital settings and Intensive Care Units (ICU). Virus-laden aerosols produced by infected patients can propagate throughout ventilated rooms and put medical personnel entering them at risk. Experimental results found with a schlieren optical method have shown that the air flows generated by a cough and normal breathing were modified by the oxygenation technique used, especially when using High Flow Nasal Canulae, increasing the shedding of potentially infectious airborne particles. This study also uses a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics model based on a Lattice Boltzmann Method to simulate the air flows as well as the movement of numerous airborne particles produced by a patient’s cough within an ICU room under negative pressure. The effects of different mitigation scenarii on the amount of aerosols potentially containing SARS-CoV-2 that are extracted through the ventilation system are investigated. Numerical results indicate that adequate bed orientation and additional air treatment unit positioning can increase by 40% the number of particles extracted and decrease by 25% the amount of particles deposited on surfaces 45s after shedding. This approach could help lay the grounds for a more comprehensive way to tackle contamination risks in hospitals, as the model can be seen as a proof of concept and be adapted to any room configuration.