bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes towards risk and decision-making within local government
Authors: Grimley Mairead , Burnard Kevin John 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis case study aims to explore the perceptions and attitudes towards risk within a UK local authority and the subsequent effects on decision-making. Through a qualitative analysis of both primary and secondary data, this study advances current understanding of the complex relationships between risk and decision-making. The study concludes by suggesting how local governments may better provide value to constituents.Design/methodology/approachThis research follows a single case study approach. Data were collected through both a focused online survey and semi-structured interviews. Respondents were selected through purposive sampling in order to capture direct insights and understanding of the concepts under consideration. The study focuses on a single local authority within the UK.FindingsBuilding on extant literature, this case study highlights both the individual and organisational considerations towards risk perception. Following the analysis of collected data, the study highlights the influence of risk aversion and public involvement within decision-making.Originality/valueBy aiming to improve and advance understanding of risk and decision-making in a local authority setting, the relevance of this research may be wider than internal organisational structures. The study provides recommendations for further research towards facilitating the inclusion of the citizen within decision-making processes.
Nitrous oxide use among young people – new trends, policy challenges, and knowledge gaps
Authors: Asmussen Frank Vibeke , MacLean Sarah , Herold Maria Dich 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
Nitrous oxide (N2O) use for recreational purposes appears to have increased among young people in several countries, including Denmark, Australia, The Netherlands and the UK. This increase has prompted concern among health authorities and politicians. The purpose of this paper is to map out findings in the available literature about N2O use among young people to better understand current trends and contextualize the public concerns and the new policy responses to it.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors draw here on a range of sources, including research literature, reports and policy documents in English and Danish. Given the broad aim, the authors used a scoping study approach (Arksey and O’Malley, 2005).

Findings
The authors found literature on prevalence of use, health effects and policy regulations. The literature suggests that health harms associated with N2O use are generally associated with intensive and long-term use, and death is more likely where the means of administration entails a risk of suffocation. Overall, however, the analysis shows that substantial gaps exist in the available literature. The authors lack detailed knowledge on several issues, including comparable prevalence data of N2O use; the extent to which N2O is used with other drugs; how one can distinguish between harmful and non-harmful use in terms of both quantity inhaled and mode of administration; and on intended and unintended consequences of policy responses to this use.

Originality/value
The current increase and trend in inhaling N2O for intoxication among young people is under researched. This general review maps out what kind of knowledge would be valuable to have for prevention, harm reduction and policy interventions.
Resource transformation in the reconstitution of broken interorganizational relationships
Authors: Poblete León 
Published: November 2020

PurposeAdopting aspects of the resource-based perspective and interorganizational relational dynamics, this paper examines the notion of resource transformation in the reconstitution of broken interorganizational relationships.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a qualitative approach, the research involved four in-depth case studies of buyer–supplier relationships among 12 Scandinavian manufacturing firms.FindingsThe results suggest that reconstituting broken interorganizational relationships, whether overlooked or underutilized, can pose important consequences for resource transformations. To adapt in dynamic environments, firms use resources in new combinations, and various relationship-specific resources may be difficult, if not impossible, to transform independent of the reconstitution process. Such resource transformations can occur when competencies in reconstituting interorganizational relationships are combined to synthesize novel resources or recombined with other resources. Four identified types of resource transformations in reconstitution processes – in production facilities, products, human know-how and coordination of interorganizational collaboration – can occur in each firm and/or in the interorganizational relationship.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the explorative multiple-case study approach afforded novel insights, the findings have no representative or generalizable implications in any positivist sense and thus warrant careful interpretation. Nevertheless, they make important contributions to the literature and illuminate promising avenues for future research, which should involve additional data collection and quantitative studies.Practical implicationsAs firms reconstitute broken interorganizational relationships, the transformation of their resources can provide new, expected resources capable of generating substantial benefits.Originality/valueThis paper fills an identified gap in research regarding how reconstituting broken interorganizational relationships influence the transformation of resources. The paper provides new conceptual and empirical insights as well as makes several contributions to the literature on the topic.
HR’s ever-emerging contribution
Authors: Ulrich Dave 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the future contribution of human resources (HR) in three areas: first, the evolution of four waves of HR value creation leading to an outside-in focus. Second, HR insights about individual competence (talent), leadership and organization capabilities (culture). Third, creating more effective HR departments and upgrading HR professionals.Design/methodology/approachThe author, Dave Ulrich, has worked extensively on HR theory, research and practice. This paper synthesizes and extends his (and others’) thinking about HR’s evolving contributions.FindingsHR is not about HR, but about helping an organization succeed in the marketplace through talent, leadership and organization. HR departments can be assessed and improved based on nine dimensions and HR professionals can recognize and master competencies that help them deliver value.Originality/valueReading should come away recognize where HR can continue to contribute to individual and organizational success through thinking outside in, delivering HR agenda (talent, leadership and organization), and improving the HR department and upgrading HR professionals.
Does the Combination Matter? Examining the Influence of Alcohol and Cannabis Product Combinations on Simultaneous Use and Consequences in Daily Life
Authors: Stevens Angela K. , Aston Elizabeth R. , Gunn Rachel L. , Sokolovsky Alexander W. , Treloar Padovano Hayley , White Helene R. , Jackson Kristina M. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundAlcohol and marijuana/cannabis are frequently used simultaneously (i.e., SAM use). SAM use is complex, and the ways in which alcohol and cannabis are simultaneously used may reveal differential effects. The purpose of this study was to examine day‐level effects of distinct alcohol and cannabis product combinations on simultaneous use and consequences on that day.MethodsCollege student SAM users (N = 274; 50% women; Mage = 19.82 years) were recruited to complete 54 days of data collection, including 5 repeated daily surveys each day. We identified 12 distinct product combinations reported during SAM‐use days. We tested 4 reference groups, with one reflecting the most common use pattern and 3 potentially risky use patterns. We considered 3 outcomes (negative consequences, number of drinks, and number of cannabis uses) and used generalized linear mixed‐effects models disentangling within‐ from between‐person effects in all analyses.ResultsUsing multiple products (≥2) of alcohol was consistently linked to higher odds of experiencing a negative consequence. Combining beer with only one cannabis product (leaf or concentrate) was consistently associated with lower odds of a consequence. Combining cannabis with multiple alcohol products was associated with heavier alcohol consumption. Using dual cannabis products also was associated with heavier cannabis consumption, but this pattern was not significantly different than using concentrate only on a given day.ConclusionThis is the first study to examine day‐level influences of distinct alcohol and cannabis product combinations on consumption and consequences among young adult SAM users. Findings suggest that mixing alcohol products confers greater risk for negative consequences and heavier consumption, whereas there is little difference in cannabis consumption when using concentrate only vs. 2 cannabis products on a given day, except for concentrate + beer. Our findings support existing protective strategies of not mixing alcohol products and avoiding use of cannabis concentrate for SAM use as well.
“Dancing on the Brink of the World”: Seeing Indigenous Dance and Resilience in the Archaeology of Colonial California
Authors: Schneider Tsim D. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTIn California, Indigenous hinterlands served as places of opportunity and safe harbor for Native people responding to colonization during the Mission Period (1769–1830s) and afterward. Even as Native communities visited Spanish missions in the San Francisco Bay Area, their long‐standing traditions of mobility supported novel opportunities to depart missions and seek out seasonally available foods. Hinterlands also provided contexts for Native people to conduct other social practices threatened by missionary colonialism. These were places to meet, mourn, dine, and dance. Expanding the Indigenous hinterlands concept, this article addresses the persistence of Indigenous dances. After reviewing the historical record of Native dances in California—simultaneously permitted/documented and forbidden/ignored within mission settings—I examine the archaeology of dances. Evidentiary priorities in archaeology and limited exploration of hinterland settings have impaired the study of where and how colonized people practiced their cultures. By paying closer attention to dance practice and the epistemological gaps in archaeology, Indigenous communities and archaeologists might further enhance studies of postcontact resilience and change and move closer to a decolonized archaeology. [dance, archaeology, colonialism, Indigenous peoples, California]
Higher content of microcystin‐leucine‐arginine promotes the survival of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells via regulating SET resulting in the poorer prognosis of patients
Authors: Gu Shen , He Wei , Yan Minghao , He Jian , Zhou Qun , Yan Xiaopeng , Fu Xiao , Chen Jun , Han Xiaodong , Qiu Yudong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has over the last 10 years become the focus of increasing concern largely due to its rising incidence and high mortality rates worldwide. Microcystin‐leucine‐arginine (MC‐LR) has been reported to be carcinogenic, but there are no data on the linkage between MC‐LR and ICC. This study aimed to explore whether the content levels of MC‐LR in the tumour tissues of ICC patients be associated with the prognosis and if so, to characterize the mechanism in ICC cells.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the prognostic value of MC‐LR in ICC after resection. All patients were divided into two groups according to the content of MC‐LR in tumour via immunohistochemistry: low‐MC‐LR group (n = 28) and high‐MC‐LR group (n = 30).ResultsMultivariate analysis showed high‐MC‐LR level was the prognostic factor for OS and RFS after hepatectomy (P = .011 and .044). We demonstrated that MC‐LR could promote the survival of human ICC cell lines and SET was identified as an important mRNA in the progression via RNA array.ConclusionsWe provide evidence that MC‐LR was an independent prognostic factor for ICC in humans by modulating the expression of SET in human ICC cells.
Adaptive Ad Network Selection for Publisher‐Return Optimization in Mobile‐App Advertising
Authors: Adikari Shalinda , Dutta Kaushik 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTIn the era of online advertising, the new norm of mobile‐app advertising defines a novel revenue generation channel for publishers through user‐ and context‐targeted advertisements. Unlike online advertising, mobile‐app advertising has unique behaviors due to certain constraints and attributes. As a result, the existing solutions of return optimization for publishers do not always provide the expected outcome. This has created a new research gap. Finding a solution at the app instance level of the mobile advertising ecosystem has a high potential to bridge this gap. This study provides a full‐fledged mechanism to determine the ad network, which gains the highest return to the publisher at the app instance level based on the attributes of both the advertisement and the ad network. Using such attributes and the mobile‐app user's click behavior, we estimate the ad network effectiveness, the advertisement effectiveness, and the click‐through rate to determine the optimal ad network, which provides the highest return for the publisher. Through a simulation experiment based on data generated in real‐life scenarios, we demonstrate that the publisher‐return is higher in our proposed approach than that obtained from advertisements from a single ad network for all the mobile‐app users.
Extra‐nasal approach to access the dorsal and ventral conchal bullae in horses
Authors: Pouyet M. , Bonilla A.G. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryNasal conchal bulla empyema can be found in up to 20% of horses with paranasal sinus disease but remains difficult to diagnose and can result in persistent unilateral discharge before presentation. Our aim in this experimental ex vivo study was to describe two extra‐nasal approaches to access the nasal conchal bullae. Six cadaveric heads were used to determine the ideal landmarks to access the dorsal and ventral conchal bullae through two rhinocenteses performed with the aid of a 14G needle and a mallet through the maxillary bone, and to access both bullae simultaneously through a 13‐mm diameter trephination. Both techniques were performed bilaterally. To assess correct placement of the rhinocenteses and trephination, each bulla was injected with a coloured insulating foam before performing a maxillary bone flap to inspect the bullae. Both bullae were successfully entered with the 14G needle in all instances. The nasolacrimal duct was damaged while entering the ventral conchal bulla in 3/12 approaches. Trephination of the maxillary bone allowed access to both nasal conchal bullae in all cases but one, where the portal was placed too dorsally and did not allow access to the ventral conchal bulla. The opening created with the trephine could allow the use of a small instrument such as a rongeur which could have diagnostic and therapeutic benefits. The limitations are that this was an ex vivo study and nasolacrimal duct damage could have clinical repercussions if the duct becomes obstructed after accessing the ventral conchal bulla. It was concluded that the techniques described are simple, minimally invasive and provide access to the conchal bullae for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Additionally, they may reduce the need for CT or laser for the diagnosis and treatment of bulla empyema.
Century‐long records reveal shifting challenges to seagrass recovery
Authors: Krause‐Jensen Dorte , Duarte Carlos M. , Sand‐Jensen Kaj , Carstensen Jacob 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGlobal losses over the 20th century placed seagrass ecosystems among the most threatened ecosystems in the world, with eutrophication, and associated deterioration of the submarine light environment identified as the main driver. Growing appreciation of the ecological and societal benefits of healthy seagrass meadows has stimulated efforts to protect and restore them, largely focused on reducing nutrient input to coastal waters. Here we analyze a unique data set spanning 135 years on eelgrass (Zostera marina), the dominant seagrass of the northern hemisphere. We show that meadows in the Western Baltic Sea exhibited major declines relative to historic (1890–1910) reference due to the wasting disease in the 1930s followed by eutrophication peaking in the 1980s, but have only shown modest improvement despite major eutrophication mitigation, halving nitrogen input since the 1980s. Across the past century, we identified generally shallower colonization depths of eelgrass for a given submarine light penetration and, hence, increased apparent light requirements. This suggests that eelgrass recovery is limited by additional stressors. Our study indicates that bottom trawling and intense recent warming (0.5°C per decade, 1985–2018), which impact on deeper and shallower meadows, respectively, suppress eelgrass from fully recovering from eutrophication. Warming is most severe in shallow turbid waters, while clear‐water areas offer eelgrass refugia from warming in deeper, cooler waters; but trawling can prevent eelgrass from reaching these refugia. Efforts to reduce nutrient input and thereby improve water clarity have been instrumental in avoiding a catastrophic loss of eelgrass ecosystems. However, local‐scale future management must, in addition, reduce bottom trawling to facilitate eelgrass reaching deeper, cooler refugia, and increase resilience toward realized and further warming. Warming needs to be limited by meeting global climate change mitigation goals.
Niche dynamics in amphitropical desert disjunct plants: Seeking for ecological and species‐specific influences
Authors: Quiroga R. Emiliano , Premoli Andrea C. , Fernández Roberto J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimNumerous studies have assessed whether species niches are conserved in geographically separated regions. However, most of them were performed on invasive species, with the limitation that such species have likely not yet reached their potential distribution in the invaded region. Here we test the hypothesis of niche conservatism in the entire group of 25 amphitropical desert disjunct plant species, naturally distributed in North and South America but absent in the tropics. We also assessed the influence of ecological (intensity of biotic interactions) and species‐specific factors (dispersal ability and adaptation to stress) on species niche differentiation between the two continents.LocationNorth America and South America.Time periodRecent.Major taxa studiedPlants. Amphitropical desert disjunct species.MethodsSpecies’ presence coordinates and five biologically relevant climatic variables were used to quantify niche differentiation of species between continents by means of principal component analysis. Then, structural equation modelling was performed to assess the influence on niche differentiation of proxies for intensity of biotic interactions (habitat net primary productivity), species dispersibility (dispersal mode and plant traits), and adaptation to stress (leaf size).ResultsNiche shift was detected for 24 out of the 25 species, mostly towards cooler environments in South America (−2.5 °C average) with respect to North America. These niche shifts were best explained by the productivity of species’ habitats, in particular by the displacement of species’ niches away from the more productive and competitive environments of South America.Main conclusionsNiche shift seems to be the rule in amphitropical desert plants. Our findings highlight a previously undetected connection between amphitropical disjunct species and macroecological characteristics of the Americas. We show that prevalent environments differ between South and North America, and suggest that associated biotic contexts (mainly competition from widespread tropical and subtropical forests in South America) play a determinant role on species’ distribution and niches.
Met and unmet care needs of home‐living people with dementia in China: An observational study using the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly
Authors: Zhang Juxia , Xu Xiaoqing , Yang LiMei , Wang Jiancheng 
Published: November 2020

AimThe goal of the study was to investigate the patterns of needs in older individuals with mild‐to‐moderate dementia living at home using the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly questionnaire.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study. A total of 378 home‐living residents served as the sample. The Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly questionnaire was used to analyze the needs of those receiving adequate interventions (met needs) and those without appropriate supports (unmet needs). Thereafter, the factors that correlated with total needs were determined using demographic characteristics.ResultsPersons with dementia (PWD) had a mean care needs of 18.5 ± 5.4 (range 5–35). Unmet needs were most common in caring for someone (65.1%), looking after the home (63.5%), self‐care (58.7%) and intimate relationships (44.4%) domains. Higher needs were significantly related to living with others than a spouse, longer length of diagnosis, older age and higher cognitive function.ConclusionUnmet needs are common in home‐living PWD. Home‐based dementia care can identify and address PWD's unmet needs by focusing on care recipients and caregivers to enable PWD to remain safely at home and improve their quality of life. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 102–107.
Analyzing the distribution of researchers in China: An approach using multiscale geographically weighted regression
Authors: Gu Hengyu , Yu Hanchen , Sachdeva Mehak , Liu Ye 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe employ a Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) model to examine the spatial variation of researchers in China in 2015 and its determinants. It is found that the distribution of researchers is driven by the economy in urban centers, public services, natural areas of recreation, urban consumption, and work‐related facilities. Results from the MGWR model conclusively identify significant spatial non‐stationarity in the determinants measuring scientific researchers' distribution. Other factors such as per capita GDP, the number of hospital beds per 10,000 inhabitants, and public financial expenditures influence the distribution of researchers more in the Western cities, and their effect decreases steadily from West to East. Air pollutants affect researchers negatively in the eastern part of the country, while the percentage of available green land is a strong driver in the central and western parts. The factor measuring the effect of the number of universities is seen to affect researchers more strongly in the northwestern and northeastern cities. Other findings further suggest that the economy and public services in cities have a consistent effect on the distribution of researchers across the country whereas, natural areas of recreation, work‐related facilities, and urban consumption have a significantly varying effect across cities.