bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Power of Shared Embodiment: Renegotiating Non/belonging and In/exclusion in an Ephemeral Community of Care
Authors: von Poser Anita , Willamowski Edda 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this article, we explore the power of shared embodiment for the constitution of an affective community. More specifically, we examine how people afflicted by long-term, arduous experiences of war, migration, and discrimination sensually articulate and, at least temporarily, renegotiate feelings of non/belonging, care, and in/exclusion. Methodologically, we draw on emplaced ethnography and systematic phenomenological go-alongs with a group of elderly migrants, born and raised in different parts of Vietnam, who had arrived in Germany within different legal–political frameworks and who, during the time of our psychological–anthropological research, frequented the same psychotherapeutic clinic. We apply the notion of “affective communities” (Zink in Affective Societies: Key Concepts. Routledge, New York, 2019) to grasp how the group experienced a sensual place of mutual belonging outside the clinic when moving through different public spaces in Berlin as part of their therapy. Particular attention is paid to the participants’ embodied and emplaced memories that were reactivated during these excursions. Shared sensations and spatiality, we argue, made them feel they belonged to an ephemeral community of care that was otherwise hardly imaginable due to their distinct individual biographies, contrasting political attitudes, and ties to different social collectives. In analyzing this affective community, we highlight how significant spatio-sensorial modes of temporal solidification can be in eliciting embodied knowledge that positively contributes to therapeutic processes.
Journal research data sharing policies: a study of highly-cited journals in neuroscience, physics, and operations research
Authors: Rousi Antti M. , Laakso Mikael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe practices for if and how scholarly journals instruct research data for published research to be shared is an area where a lot of changes have been happening as science policy moves towards facilitating open science, and subject-specific repositories and practices are established. This study provides an analysis of the research data sharing policies of highly-cited journals in the fields of neuroscience, physics, and operations research as of May 2019. For these 120 journals, 40 journals per subject category, a unified policy coding framework was developed to capture the most central elements of each policy, i.e. what, when, and where research data is instructed to be shared. The results affirm that considerable differences between research fields remain when it comes to policy existence, strength, and specificity. The findings revealed that one of the most important factors influencing the dimensions of what, where and when of research data policies was whether the journal’s scope included specific data types related to life sciences which have established methods of sharing through community-endorsed public repositories. The findings surface the future research potential of approaching policy analysis on the publisher-level as well as on the journal-level. The collected data and coding framework is provided as open data to facilitate future research and journal policy monitoring.
Cross-disciplinary collaboration versus coexistence in LIS serials: analysis of authorship affiliations in four European countries
Authors: Urbano Cristóbal , Ardanuy Jordi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe interdisciplinary nature of library and information science (LIS) research has been highlighted for some time now. The term “interdisciplinary” is used primarily in the LIS literature as a general concept with different meanings that refer either to the coexistence of researchers from different scientific fields or to cross-disciplinary collaboration expressed in the form of coauthorship. This study analyses the disciplinary profile of LIS researchers with a view to ascertaining the actual level of cross-disciplinary collaboration and identifying all fields involved. Because of the complexity of identifying accurate affiliations at knowledge area level, the study was limited to authors from France, Germany, Spain and the UK. This analysis of authorship affiliation was performed based on research published in LIS serial titles indexed in Scopus during the 2010–2017 period. A rigorous and laborious process of identifying author affiliations was carried out. This involved checking the authorship of each paper and complementing this with information from websites, scientific social networks and other research endeavours whenever ambiguous situations arose. We observed that LIS departments produce barely a third of the research published in serial titles in the LIS subject category. Cross-disciplinary collaboration among all of the scientific fields involved is low, and even lower in LIS than in other fields. The low level of cross-disciplinary collaboration in LIS contradicts the interdisciplinary nature of LIS highlighted in the literature.
Organizational agility: ill-defined and somewhat confusing? A systematic literature review and conceptualization
Authors: Walter Anna-Theresa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSuperior business performance is a central objective of any firm in an unpredictable environment. Organizational agility (OA) constitutes one option for prospering in this environment. Although research confirms a positive effect of OA on business performance, studies show conceptual imprecision. I systematically review and compile previous findings and provide a coherent view of OA. A search in three databases yielded a final sample of 75 articles. From a qualitative analysis, I identify four agility categories: agility drivers, agility enablers, agility capabilities, and agility dimensions. Based on findings from each category, I develop a conceptual map of OA that (i) connects the agility categories and clarifies how they work, and (ii) proposes a framework for the tasks and responsibilities of management within an agile organization. As part of the conceptualization, I also consider the business environment and the impact of an increased OA level. Viewed from a dynamic capability perspective, changing internal and external agility drivers necessitate the development of agility capabilities. These are realized by a specific set of interdependent enablers. Within this concept of an agile organization, management assumes various responsibilities, in particular, engaging in monitoring and decision-making functions. Conceptual clarity of OA at the organizational level facilitates a systematic development of agility research and provides guidance for practitioners. This article contributes to agility research by integrating insights from various research streams on OA. By highlighting the close ties to strategic management and the derivation of a model to agile management, this research also contributes to strategic management research.
Phylogeny and cultivation of the holocarpic oomycete Diatomophthora perforans comb. nov., an endoparasitoid of marine diatoms
Authors: Buaya Anthony T. , Ploch Sebastian , Kraberg Alexandra , Thines Marco 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOomycetes infecting diatoms are biotrophic parasitoids and live in both marine and freshwater environments. They are ubiquitous, but the taxonomic affinity of many species remains unclear and the majority of them have not been studied for their molecular phylogeny. Only recently, the phylogenetic and taxonomic placement of some diatom-infecting, early-diverging oomycetes was resolved, including the genera Ectrogella, Miracula, Olpidiopsis, and Pontisma. A group of holocarpic diatom parasitoids with zoospores swarming within the sporangium before release were found to be unrelated to the known genera with diatom-infecting species, and were re-classified to a new genus, Diatomophthora. However, about a dozen species of holocarpic diatom parasitoids with unclear affinity remained unsequenced, which includes a commonly occurring species so far identified as Ectrogella perforans. However, this assignment to Ectrogella is doubtful, as the species was not reported to feature a clear-cut diplanetism, a hallmark of Ectrogella s. str. and the whole class Saprolegniomycetes. It was the aim of the current study to clarify the phylogenetic affinities of the species and if the rather broad host range reported is correct or a reflection of cryptic species. By targeted screening, the parasitoid was rediscovered from Helgoland Roads, North Sea and Oslo Fjord, Southern Norway and investigated for its phylogenetic placement using small ribosomal subunit (18S) sequences. Stages of its life cycle on different marine diatoms were described and its phylogenetic placement in the genus Diatomophthora revealed. A stable host-parasite axenic culture from single spore strains of the parasitoid were established on several strains of Pleurosigma intermedium and Coscinodiscus concinnus. These have been continuously cultivated along with their hosts for more than 2 years, and cultural characteristics are reported. Cross-infection trials revealed the transferability of the strains between hosts under laboratory conditions, despite some genetic distance between the pathogen strains. Thus, we hypothesise that D. perforans might be in the process of active radiation to new host species.
Analysis of the species spectrum of the Diaporthe/Phomopsis complex in European soybean seeds
Authors: Hosseini Behnoush , El-Hasan Abbas , Link Tobias , Voegele Ralf Thomas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPhytopathogenic fungal species of theDiaporthe/Phomopsiscomplex (DPC) are associated with three highly destructive diseases on soybean: seed decay, pod and stem blight, and stem canker. They are responsible for poor seed quality and significant yield reduction in most soybean-producing areas. Precise identification and classification of DPC species are important in understanding the epidemiology of disease and to develop effective control measures. Although cultural and morphological characteristics of DPC-associated pathogens have been described, establishing a more accurate taxonomic framework seems necessary for a revaluation of the taxonomy and phylogeny of DPC species. In this study, we focused on morphological and molecular analyses of species from DPC-damaged European soybean seeds obtained from several locations throughout Europe. Colony characteristics, conidia dimensions, existence of α- and β-conidia, and formation of perithecia were evaluated in order to assign the isolates to a species morphologically. Phylogenetic relationships were determined based on sequences from beta-tubulin (TUB), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), and nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS). All isolates were tested for pathogenicity on soybean with positive results. In this study, we present updated taxonomic data by combining morphological observations and molecular tools which placed 32Diaportheisolates into four DPC species:D. longicolla,D. caulivora,D. eres, andD. novem, which are well-known soybean pathogens.
Weight loss since early adulthood, later life risk of fracture hospitalizations, and bone mineral density: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults
Authors:   on behalf of the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group, Shen Zewei , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Bian Zheng , Wei Yuxia , Du Huaidong , Yang Ling , Chen Yiping , Gao Yulian , Zhang Xukui , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Lv Jun , Li Liming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Summary

In a Chinese population from both urban and rural areas, weight loss of ≥ 5 kg from early adulthood to midlife was associated with a higher risk of hip fracture and lower BMD in later life.

Introduction
This study investigates the association of the long-term weight loss from young adulthood through the middle ages with the subsequent 10-year risk of hospitalized fracture and calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods
China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) was established during 2004–2008 in ten areas across China. Weight at age 25 years was self-reported at baseline, and weight at baseline and resurvey was measured by the calibrated equipment. Outcomes were hospitalized fracture during follow-up and calcaneus BMD measured at resurvey. Analysis for fracture risk included 411,812 participants who were free of fracture in the last 5 years before baseline, cancer, or stroke at any time before baseline. Analysis for BMD included 21,453 participants who participated in the resurvey of 2013–2014 with the same exclusion criteria as above.

Results
The mean age was 50.8 at baseline and 58.4 at resurvey. Median weight change from age 25 to baseline was 4.4 kg, with 20.7% losing weight and 58.5% gaining weight. During a median follow-up of 10.1 years, we documented 13,065 cases of first diagnosed fracture hospitalizations, including 1222 hip fracture. Compared with participants whose weight was stable (± 2.4 kg), the adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for those with weight loss of ≥ 5.0 kg from age 25 to baseline was 1.39 (1.17 to 1.66) for hip fracture. Weight loss was not associated with fracture risk at other sites. Those with weight loss from age 25 to resurvey had the lowest BMD measures, with β (95% CIs) of − 4.52 (− 5.08 to − 3.96) for broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), − 4.83 (− 6.98, − 2.67) for speed of sound (SOS), and − 4.36 (− 5.22, − 3.49) for stiffness index (SI).

Conclusions
Weight loss from early adulthood to midlife was associated with a higher risk of hip fracture and lower BMD in later life.
Investigation of Surface Segregation in Fe-Cr-Si Alloys by XPS
Authors: Idczak K. , Idczak R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The surface segregation of Fe-Cr-Si alloys was studied using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experiment was performed in two stages, for the as-prepared samples and after oxidation process. Analysis of measured XPS spectra allowed one to characterize the changes in the surface chemical composition during the oxidation and thermal treatment procedures. According to the obtained results, it could be stated that the enhanced anti-corrosion properties of the Fe-Cr-Si alloys which contain more than 10 at. pct of Cr and 5 at. pct of Si in the bulk are mainly connected with the strong surface segregation process of both solutes. In the case of alloys which contain less solutes (Fe0.94Cr0.03Si0.03, Fe0.90Cr0.05Si0.05), the behavior of Cr atoms is different during the oxidation process. Chromium does not segregate to the surface, instead it diffuses into deeper parts of the material leaving the surface covered only by silicon and iron oxides. This effect is responsible for much worse corrosion resistance of the Fe0.94Cr0.03Si0.03 and Fe0.90Cr0.05Si0.05 alloys.
I care what you think: social image concerns and the strategic revelation of past pro-social behavior
Authors: von Siemens Ferdinand A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article studies whether people want to control what information on their own past pro-social behavior is revealed to others. Participants are assigned a color that depends on their past pro-social behavior. They can spend money to manipulate the probability with which their color is revealed to another participant. The data show that participants are more likely to reveal colors with more favorable informational content. This pattern is not found in a control treatment in which colors are randomly assigned, thus revealing nothing about past pro-social behavior. Regression analysis confirms these findings, also when controlling for past pro-social behavior. These results complement the existing empirical evidence, confirming that people strategically and, therefore, consciously manipulate their social image.
Ultimate shear response of ultra-high-performance steel fibre-reinforced concrete elements
Authors: Ţibea C. , Bompa Dan V. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper examines the experimental performance of ultra-high-performance steel fibre-reinforced concrete (UHPSFRC) beams subjected to loads at relatively low shear span-to-depth ratios. The results and observations from six tests provide a detailed insight into the ultimate response including shear strength and failure mode of structural elements incorporating various fibre contents. The test results showed that a higher fibre content results in an increase in ultimate capacity and some enhancement in terms of ductility. Detailed nonlinear numerical validations and sensitivity studies were also undertaken in order to obtain further insights into the response of UHPSFRC beams, with particular focus on the influence of the shear span-to-depth ratio, fibre content and flexural reinforcement ratio. The parametric investigations showed that a reduction in shear span-to-depth ratio results in an increase in the member capacity, whilst a reduction in the flexural reinforcement ratio produces a lower ultimate capacity and a relatively more flexible response. The test results combined with those from numerical simulations enabled the development of a series of design expressions to estimate the shear strength of such members. Validations were performed against the results in this paper, as well as against a collated database from previous experimental studies.
Twenty‐First Century Drought Projections in the CMIP6 Forcing Scenarios
Authors: Cook B. I. , Mankin J. S. , Marvel K. , Williams A. P. , Smerdon J. E. , Anchukaitis K. J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThere is strong evidence that climate change will increase drought risk and severity, but these conclusions depend on the regions, seasons, and drought metrics being considered. We analyze changes in drought across the hydrologic cycle (precipitation, soil moisture, and runoff) in projections from Phase Six of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The multimodel ensemble shows robust drying in the mean state across many regions and metrics by the end of the 21st century, even following the more aggressive mitigation pathways (SSP1‐2.6 and SSP2‐4.5). Regional hotspots with strong drying include western North America, Central America, Europe and the Mediterranean, the Amazon, southern Africa, China, Southeast Asia, and Australia. Compared to SSP3‐7.0 and SSP5‐8.5, however, the severity of drying in the lower warming scenarios is substantially reduced and further precipitation declines in many regions are avoided. Along with drying in the mean state, the risk of the historically most extreme drought events also increases with warming, by 200–300% in some regions. Soil moisture and runoff drying in CMIP6 is more robust, spatially extensive, and severe than precipitation, indicating an important role for other temperature‐sensitive drought processes, including evapotranspiration and snow. Given the similarity in drought responses between CMIP5 and CMIP6, we speculate that both generations of models are subject to similar uncertainties, including vegetation processes, model representations of precipitation, and the degree to which model responses to warming are consistent with observations. These topics should be further explored to evaluate whether CMIP6 models offer reasons to have increased confidence in drought projections.
Manufacture and characterization of graphene membranes with suspended silicon proof masses for MEMS and NEMS applications
Authors: Fan Xuge , Smith Anderson D. , Forsberg Fredrik , Wagner Stefan , Schröder Stephan , Akbari Sayedeh Shirin Afyouni , Fischer Andreas C. , Villanueva Luis Guillermo , Östling Mikael , Lemme Max C. , Niklaus Frank 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGraphene’s unparalleled strength, chemical stability, ultimate surface-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic properties make it an ideal candidate as a material for membranes in micro- and nanoelectromechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS). However, the integration of graphene into MEMS or NEMS devices and suspended structures such as proof masses on graphene membranes raises several technological challenges, including collapse and rupture of the graphene. We have developed a robust route for realizing membranes made of double-layer CVD graphene and suspending large silicon proof masses on membranes with high yields. We have demonstrated the manufacture of square graphene membranes with side lengths from 7 µm to 110 µm, and suspended proof masses consisting of solid silicon cubes that are from 5 µm × 5 µm × 16.4 µm to 100 µm × 100 µm × 16.4 µm in size. Our approach is compatible with wafer-scale MEMS and semiconductor manufacturing technologies, and the manufacturing yields of the graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were >90%, with >70% of the graphene membranes having >90% graphene area without visible defects. The measured resonance frequencies of the realized structures ranged from tens to hundreds of kHz, with quality factors ranging from 63 to 148. The graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were extremely robust, and were able to withstand indentation forces from an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip of up to ~7000 nN. The proposed approach for the reliable and large-scale manufacture of graphene membranes with suspended proof masses will enable the development and study of innovative NEMS devices with new functionalities and improved performances.
Repolarization instability and arrhythmia by IKr block in single human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and 2D monolayers
Authors: Altrocchi Cristina , de Korte Tessa , Bernardi Joyce , Spätjens Roel L H M G , Braam Stefan R , Heijman Jordi , Zaza Antonio , Volders Paul G A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Aims
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have proven valuable for studies in drug discovery and safety, although limitations regarding their structural and electrophysiological characteristics persist. In this study, we investigated the electrophysiological properties of Pluricyte® CMs, a commercially available hiPSC-CMs line with a ventricular phenotype, and assessed arrhythmia incidence by IKr block at the single-cell and 2D monolayer level.

Methods and results
Action potentials were measured at different pacing frequencies, using dynamic clamp. Through voltage-clamp experiments, we determined the properties of INa, IKr, and ICaL. Intracellular Ca2+ measurements included Ca2+-transients at baseline and during caffeine perfusion. Effects of IKr block were assessed in single hiPSC-CMs and 2D monolayers (multi-electrode arrays). Action-potential duration (APD) and its rate dependence in Pluricyte® CMs were comparable to those reported for native human CMs. INa, IKr, and ICaL revealed amplitudes, kinetics, and voltage dependence of activation/inactivation similar to other hiPSC-CM lines and, to some extent, to native CMs. Near-physiological Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release, response to caffeine and excitation–contraction coupling gain characterized the cellular Ca2+-handling. Dofetilide prolonged the APD and field-potential duration, and induced early afterdepolarizations. Beat-to-beat variability of repolarization duration increased significantly before the first arrhythmic events in single Pluricyte® CMs and 2D monolayers, and predicted pending arrhythmias better than action-potential prolongation.

Conclusion
Taking their ion-current characteristics and Ca2+ handling into account, Pluricyte® CMs are suitable for in vitro studies on action potentials and field potentials. Beat-to-beat variability of repolarization duration proved useful to evaluate the dynamics of repolarization instability and demonstrated its significance as proarrhythmic marker in hiPSC-CMs during IKr block.