bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Populasi Mikroba pada Re-fermentasi terhadap Kualitas Biji Kakao Tanpa Fermentasi
Authors: Apriyanto Mulono , Riono Yoyon , Rujiah Rujiah 
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of microbial populations on the quality of the cocoa beans produced. This research used unfermented cocoa beans and was then referenced by adding inoculum. Three fermentation techniques were applied in this research. First, control (A0), without the addition of inoculum. Second, S. cerevisiae inoculum (FNCC 3056), L. lactis (FNC 0086), and A. aceti (FNCC 0016), each around 108 cfu / g is given simultaneously at the beginning of fermentation (A1). Third, the gradual administration of S. cerevisiae inoculum (FNCC 3056) at the beginning of fermentation, L. lactis (FNC 0086) at 24 hours, and A. aceti (FNCC 0016) at 48 hours with the same microbial population as the second treatment (A3). Fermentation was carried out for five days. The results showed that after being rehydrated as much as 50% weight of the produced dried material, the cocoa beans' composition could be used as a fermentation substrate. The highest population of S. cerevisiae, L. lactis, and A. aceti from three treatments was observed at 24, 48, and 72 hours of fermentation.
Keywords: cocoa beans quality, inoculum, re-fermentation, unfermented

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh populasi mikroba terhadap kualitas biji kakao yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan biji kakao yang tidak difermentasi dan kemudian direferensikan dengan penambahan inokulum. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan adalah sebagai berikut fermentasi biji kakao dengan 3 variasi teknik fermentasi yaitu perlakuan pertama (A0) tanpa penambahan inokulum (kontrol), kedua (A1) menggunakan inokulum S. cerevisiae (FNCC 3056), L. lactis (FNC 0086) dan A. aceti (FNCC 0016), masing-masing sekitar 108 cfu/g diberikan secara bersamaan pada awal fermentasi, ketiga (A2) pemberian bertahap inokulum S. cerevisiae (FNCC 3056) pada awal fermentasi, L. lactis (FNC 0086) pada 24 jam dan A. aceti (FNCC 0016) pada 48 jam dengan populasi mikroba sama dengan perlakuan kedua. Fermentasi dilakukan selama 5 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah direhidrasi sebanyak 50% dari berat bahan yang dihasilkan komposisi biji kakao dapat digunakan sebagai substrat fermentasi. Populasi S. cerevisiae, L. lactis dan A. aceti tertinggi dari tiga perlakuan pada 24, 48 dan 72 jam fermentasi.
Kata kunci: inokulum, kualitas, re-fermentasi, tanpa fermentasi
Identifikasi komponen dan Uji Potensi Anti Jamur Minyak Atsiri Serai Dapur (Cympobogon citratus) Terhadap Jamur Penghasil Aflatoksin
Authors: Yanti Rini , Nurdiawati Hermina , Cahyanto Muhammad N , Pranoto Yudi 
Published: October 2020

Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus are food spoilage fungi and produce aflatoxin that causes serious food safety problems. The antifungal agent is needed to control these fungi. This study aimed to determine the component of lemongrass essential oil and to test the oil’s ability to inhibit the growth of A. flavus and A. parasiticus. Five variations in the concentration of lemongrass oil were tested separately on A. flavus and A. parasiticus and, fungal growth was observed for 7 days. The results of the identification of the essential oil components using GC-MS showed that lemongrass essential oil has the main components of citral (53.77%) and z-citral (34.05%). Lemongrass essential oil with various concentrations (0.01%; 0.02%; 0.04% and 0.08%) showed the ability to inhibit the growth of A. flavus and A. parasiticus and the concentration of 0.08% indicated that lemongrass oil could inhibit the growth of both fungi for 100% during 7 days of observation.
Keywords: antifungal, aflatoxin, citral, essential oil, lemongrass oil

ABSTRAK
Aspergillus flavus dan A. parasiticus merupakan jamur yang banyak ditemukan mengkontaminasi pangan. Kedua jamur tersebut menghasilkan aflatoksin, yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia, sehingga diperlukan anti-jamur untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komponen minyak atsri serai (Cymbopogon citratus) dan menguji kemampuan minyak tersebut sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan A. flavus dan A. parasiticus. Lima variasi konsentrasi minyak serai diujikan secara terpisah pada A. flavus dan A. parasiticus dan dilakukan pengamatan pertumbuhan jamur selama 7 hari. Hasil identifikasi komponen minyak atsiri menggunakan GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsri serai memiliki komponen utama citral (53,77%) dan z-citral (34,05%). Minyak atsiri serai dengan berbagai konsentrasi (0,01%; 0,02%; 0,04% dan 0,08%) menunjukkan kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan A. flavus dan A. parasiticus dan konsentrasi 0,08 % menunjukkan bahwa minyak serai mampu menghambat pertumbuhan kedua jamur sebesar 100 % selama 7 hari pengamatan
Kata kunci: antijamur, aflatoksin, minyak atsiri, minyak serai, sitral
Pengaruh Penambahan Sodium Tripoly-Phospahate Terhadap Karakteristik Tepung Buru Hotong (Setaria italica L Beauv.) Fosfat
Authors: Breemer Rachel , Sigmarlatu Trisonda , Polnaya Febby J 
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to characterize phosphate-modified buru hotong flour modified used sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Buru hotong flour was phosphorylated at 45°C with STPP concentration of 10, 15.20, and 25% for 30 minutes. Observations were conducted on the physicochemical properties of native buru hotong flour and its derivatives, including phosphorus levels, degree of substitution (DS), moisture content, ash content, swelling power, solubility, and amylose content. The results showed that the phosphorus content of buru hotong phosphate flour increased (0.023-0.077%) with the DS ranged between 0.001-0.004. Phosphorus and DS levels indicated the substitution of phosphate groups. Substituted phosphate groups increased the moisture content (6.92-10.23%), ash content (0.37-0.84%), swelling power (10.16-15.63%), solubility (29.22-46.2%), and amylose content (26.29-29.37%) of buru hotong phosphate flour compared with native flour. The characteristics of phosphate hotong flour were different from their native. The higher the concentration of STPP, all of the variables were increases.
Keywords: sodium tripolyphosphate, buru hotong phosphate flour, physicochemical properties

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi tepung buru hotong fosfat yang dimodifikasi dengan menggunakan sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Tepung buru hotong difosforilasi pada suhu 45oC dengan konsentrasi STPP 10, 15, 20 dan 25% selama 30 menit. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap sifat fisiko-kimia tepung buru hotong alami dan derivatnya, meliputi kadar fosfor, derajat substitusi (DS), kadar air, kadar abu, daya gelembung, daya larut, dan kadar amilosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar fosfor tepung buru hotong fosfat meningkat (0,023-0,077%) dengan kisaran DS antara 0,001-0,004. Kadar fosfor dan DS menunjukkan terjadinya substitusi gugus fosfat. Tersubstitusinya gugus fosfat menyebabkan meningkatnya kadar air (6,92-10,23%), kadar abu (0,37-0,84%), daya gelembung (10,16-15,63%), daya larut (29,22-46,2%) dan kadar amilosa (26,29-29,37%) tepung buru hotong fosfat dibandingkan dengan tepung buru hotong alami. Karakteristik tepung buru hotong fosfat berbeda dengan tepung alaminya. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi STPP maka setiap peubah yang dialami mengalami peningkatan.
Kata kunci: Sodium tripolyphosphate, tepung buru hotong fosfat, sifat-sifat fisiko-kimia
DAMPAK RELOKASI PASAR TERHADAP EKONOMI PEDAGANG IKAN (STUDI KASUS: PASAR IKAN MODERN MUARA BARU, DKI JAKARTA)
Authors: Yasmin Muthia Virna , Sapanli Kastana 
Published: October 2020

Rencana pemerintah dalam mempercepat pembangunan industri perikanan nasional membuat pemerintah membangun pasar ikan modern di Muara Baru yang menyebabkan pedagang ikan PPI Muara Baru direlokasi ke pasar tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi fisik ekonomi pedagang ikan sebelum dan setelah direlokasi, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan pedagang ikan untuk direlokasi, menganalisis perbandingan kondisi ekonomi pedagang ikan sebelum dan sesudah relokasi serta menganalisis sistem kelembagaan di PIM Muara Baru. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deksriptif, analisis regresi logistik, analisis pendapatan, dan analisis kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa relokasi menyebabkan perubahan kondisi fisik ekonomi pada pedagang ikan seperti keanggotaan KUSUKA, kondisi lingkungan, keadaan pasar, jumlah tenaga kerja (anak buah), total berat ikan dan jumlah penyewaan bak. Faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi kesediaan pedagang ikan untuk direlokasi yaitu bantuan pemerintah, kondisi lingkungan, serta koordinasi antara pemerintah dan pedagang ikan dalam rencana relokasi Perubahan kondisi ekonomi yang terjadi kepada pedagang ikan yaitu berupa penurunan pendapatan sebesar Rp 86.707.566.000 per bulan dengan persentase sebesar 61%. Terdapat tiga aturan main dalam pengelolaan PIM Muara Baru antara lain, pengelolaan pasar ikan modern; penyewaan dan tarif lapak; dan pembangunan pasar ikan modern.
Glance into solid-state transformer technology: a mirror for possible research areas
Authors: Umar Bashir Musa , Jibril Yusuf , Jimoh Boyi , Kunya Abdullahi Bala , Maiwada Yusuf Abubakar , Aliyu Safiya , Mohammed Musa 
Published: October 2020

Solid-State Transformer (SST), a power electronics based transformer is an emerging technology in electric power system. The transformer is being investigated to completely replace existing Line/Low Frequency Transformer (LFT). SST is composed of either of the two topologies: AC-DC-AC, two steps approach; or AC-AC, single-step approach. The two steps approach consists of three stages: AC-DC; DC-DC; and DC-AC stages. The DC-DC stage is made up of a boost DC-DC converter, a DC-AC inverter and a High Frequency Transformer, HFT. Therefore, SST performs the tasks of LFT by means of power electronic converters and HFT. The main essence of SST is to provide solution to the problem of bulkiness and heaviness of the LFT in the power distribution network. This is with the view to providing reduction in construction cost, cost of maintenance and transportation. The power electronics transformer provides numerous advantages which are grouped into: The transformer has high power density; it functions in blackouts and brownouts; and it provides easy means of distributed renewable energy integration into associated grid. Therefore, this paper provides a glance into the technology of the SST for its better understating and promotion of research activities in the area.
Stress and stressors in female medical and dental students at Kathmandu Medical College
Authors: Kharel Sushil , Raut Bionod 
Published: October 2020

Background: Stress is a physical, mental or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension. Stress upsets an individual both mentally and physically. Study showed that medical students suf­fer from higher stress than other stream students. Among medical students also female students are more prone to stress due to varied reasons. This study aimed to determine the stress among female medical and dental undergraduates.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate and assess the levels of perceived stress and common stressors among female medical and dental students at a teaching institute of Kathmandu, Nepal. A cross-sectional study was done to the first- and second-year undergraduate female medical and dental students. Perceived stress was evaluated using universally accepted Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS-10).
Results: A total of 176 female medical and dental students were enrolled in the study. The mean COHEN PSS score was found to be 27.97 (SD 4.32) which showed high stress among study popula­tion. Fifty nine percent (59%) of the female medical and dental students had perceived stress.
Conclusions: Levels of perceived stress were very high in female students. The most common stressors were related to educational and economic concerns. The students were more focused to daily matters and problems related to their academic achievements.
Perancangan dan Pembuatan Alat Scanner 3D Menggunakan Sensor Kinect Xbox 360
Authors: Armansyah Arif , Hidayatulloh Syarif , Herliana Asti 
Published: October 2020

Abstrak
Scanner 3D adalah teknologi yang digunakan untuk memindai objek nyata untuk mendapatkan bentuk, ukuran dan fitur lainnya agar menghasilkan gambar yang sangat akurat. Dalam perancangan alat scanner 3D sebelumnya, yaitu scanner 3D menggunakan sensor ultrasonik, infra merah, dan line laser. Maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat beberapa kekurangan yaitu masih terbatasnya objek yang di scan serta hasil scan yang belum akurat karena hanya menghasilkan garis-garis yang membentuk objek. Pada penelitian ini, penulis membuat scanner 3D dengan hasil akurasi yang tinggi. Scanner 3D yang dibuat adalah menggunakan sensor Kinect xbox 360. Cara kerja dari kinect yaitu dengan menggabungkan antara beberapa kamera, Color Cimos (VNA38209015) kamera ini berfungsi membantu dalam pengenalan objek dan fitur deteksi lainnya, serta kamera IR CMOS (VCA379C7130), dan IR Projector (OG12) yaitu sebagai depth sensor atau sensor kedalaman yang merupakan sebuah proyektor infrared dan sebuah sensor monochrome CMOS yang bekerja secara bersama-sama untuk melihat ruangan atau area dalam bentuk 3D tanpa memperdulikan kondisi cahaya. Untuk mengolah serta menampilkan hasil dari objek yang sudah di scan menggunakan aplikasi KScan3D. Kemudian untuk koneksi antara PC dengan media penggerak menggunakan Bluetooth HC-06. Setelah dilakukan pengujian didapatkan model gambar 3D dengan dengan hasil akurasi yang cukup tinggi.

Kata Kunci: Bluetooth HC-06, Infra Merah, Line Laser, Kinect, KScan3D, Scanner 3D, Ultrasonik

Abstract
Scanner 3D is the technology used to scan real objects to get the form, size and other features in order to produce pictures that are very accurate. In the design of the appliance scanner 3D previously, namely scanner 3D using the ultrasonic sensor, infrared and laser line. It can be concluded there are some disadvantages that is still limited objects in the scan and the scans are not accurate because only produces lines that formed the object. In this research, author make scanner 3D with high accuracy results. Scanner 3D is made using the XBOX 360 Kinect sensor. How to work from kinect namely with combining between some camera, Color Cimos (VNA38209015) this camera work help in the introduction of objects and other detection feature and IR camera CMOS (VCA379C7130), and IR Projector (OG12) as depth censorship or the depth sensor is a projector infrared and a monochrome sensor CMOS working together to see the room or area in the form of 3D without neglecting the light conditions. To process and display the results from the object that is already in the scan using KScan3D application Then to the connection between the PC with media drives using Bluetooth HC-06. After the test is done obtained the model picture 3D with the results of the accuracy high enough.

Key Word: Bluetooth HC-06, Infra Merah , Line Laser, Kinect, KScan3D, Scanner 3D, Ultrasonik
Evaluasi Penggunaan Sistem Informasi ERP Dengan Metode Pieces Framework
Authors: Agustina Nani 
Published: October 2020

AbstrakPenggunaan sistem informasi pada saat ini sudah banyak digunakan oleh perusahaan-perusahaan, misalnya PT. HK Realtindo Jakarta. Penerapan sistem informasi digunakan oleh beberapa bagian salah satunya bagian akuntansi keuangan dan bagian sales marketing. Penelitian menggunakan metode Pieces Framework dengan mengukur enam variabel diantaranya performance, information/data, economic, control, efficiency, dan service. Metode ini digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat penerimaan aplikasi sistem informasi yang sudah diterapkan terhadap pengguna. Pengguanan sistem informasi ini sudah lama digunakan sehingga diperlukan adanya penelitian terhadap sistem tersebut, pada penelitian ini terdapat 30 kuestioner yang diolah dan terdiri 20 indikator pertanyaan. Dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan data semua variabel baik dengan total penilaian performance sebesar 3,81, Information data sebesar 4,11, Economic menghasilkan nilai 4,07, securty/control mendapatkan point nilai 4,13, Efficiency dengan data nilai 4,13, dan service mendapatkan nilai 4,06. Dari hasil penelitian ini sistem informasi ERP sudah berjalan dengan baik tetapi pihak perusahaan tetap perlu melakakukan perbaikan-perbaikan untuk memberikan kepuasan dalam penggunaan sistem inforamasi tersebut. Kata Kunci : Evaluasi kinerja, Sistem Informasi ERP, Metode Pieces Framework AbstractThe use of information systems at this time has been widely used by companies, one of them is PT, HK Realtindo Jakarta. Implementation of information systems used by some parts of one part of financial accounting and sales marketing. Research using Pieces Framework method by measuring six variables such as performance, Information / data, Economic, Control, Efficiency, and service. This method is used to measure the level of acceptance of information system applications that have been applied to the user. The use of this information system has long been used so that the necessary research on the system, in this study there are 30 questionnaires are processed and consists of 20 indicators of questions. In this research yield data of all good variable with total performance appraisal 3,81, Information / data equal to 4,11, Economic mengahsilkan value 4,07, securty/control get point value 4,13, Efficiency with data value 4,13, and service get value 4.06 From the results of this research ERP information system is running well but the company still need melakakukan improvements to provide satisfaction in the use of the system informationt Keywords: Performance Evaluation, ERP Information System, Method Pieces Framework
Sleep Quality and Metabolic Disturbance in Public School Teachers of a Brazilian Capital
Authors: Caroline Silva e Silva Anne , De Sá Ferreira Alice , Alberto Alves Dias Filho Carlos , Coelho Ferreira Andressa , Teixeira Mostarda Cristiano , Cristina Moutinho Monteiro Sally 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Due to high demand and different work schedules, teachers can develop metabolic and sleep disorders. Objective: The aim of this study, therefore, was to verify the quality of sleep and the metabolic changes of public school teachers during an academic semester. Methodology: Longitudinal study, data collection performed during an academic semester, in a public high school in a capital of northeastern Brazil ( lifestyle and disease history, sleep quality - Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements). Blood samples were collected to determine serum glucose and the lipid profile. All variables were collected at the beginning (Step 1) and at the end (Step 2) of the academic semester with the same teachers. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25.0. Results: The sample consisted of 27 teachers with an average age of 44,7 years. The concentration of fasting blood glucose (92,30 vs 108.85) and total cholesterol (161.00 vs 173.59), were significant (p<0.025 and p<0.001, respectively) when comparing the blood samples at the beginning and end of the school semester. The poor sleep quality and daytime dysfunction showed changes between the values found between the stages of the study, resulting in significant values (p<0.001). Sleep efficiency percentage showed an improvement in the second stage (p<0.004). Conclusion: Through an analysis of the results, it was found that the lipid profile, serum glucose and some sleep variables changed during the academic semester, thus showing the need for care with this category of workers.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity of Anthraquinone-Substituted Imidazolium Salts for the Treatment of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Stromyer Michael L. , Weader David J. , Satyal Uttam , Abbosh Philip H. , Youngs Wiley J. 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer is one of the most common types of cancer diagnosed each year, and more than half of patients have non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The standard of care for patients with high-grade NMIBC is Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Unfortunately, multiple BCG shortages have limited access to this treatment. Available alternatives using intravesical administration of chemotherapy have some efficacy, but lack prospective validation and long-term outcomes. Development of novel intravesical therapies may provide more active alternatives to BCG for patients with high-grade NMIBC. OBJECTIVE: To develop an optimal imidazolium salt for the intravesical treatment of NMIBC and determine preliminary in vitro activity of anthraquinone-substituted imidazolium salts. METHODS: The development of the anthraquinone-substituted imidazolium salts was undertaken in an attempt to increase the potency of this class of compounds by incorporating the quinone functional group observed in the chemotherapeutics doxorubicin, valrubicin, and mitomycin. All compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, these imidazolium salts were tested for in vitro cytotoxicity by the Developmental Therapeutics Program (DTP) on the NCI-60 human tumor cell line screening. Additional in vitro testing was performed against diverse bladder cancer cell lines (RT112, TCCSUP, J82, and UMUC13) using CellTiter-Glo® assays and colony-forming assays. RESULTS: The NCI-60 cell line screening indicated that compound 7 had the highest activity and was concluded to be the optimal compound for further study. Using CellTiter-Glo® assays on bladder cancer cell lines, 50% growth inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined to range from 32–50 μM after an exposure of 1 h, for compound 7. Further evaluation of the compound by colony-forming assays showed the complete inhibition of growth at 10 days post a 100 μM dose of compound 7 for 1 h. CONCLUSIONS: The most active lipophilic anthraquinone imidazolium salt, compound 7, could be a viable treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer as it exhibits a cell-killing effect at a 1 h time period and completely inhibits cancer regrowth in colony-forming assays.
La modernidad en Suárez y Descartes: articulaciones cambiantes del sujeto
Authors: Burlando Giannina 
Published: October 2020

Suárez es autor escolástico, su obra se sitúa inmersa en el contexto de la primera modernidad. Aborda las grandes cuestiones antropológicas, sociopolíticas y teológicas de su época. Desde ahí influye en el desarrollo de esas mismas aun cuando tal desarrollo e influencia se proyecta en autores y escuelas distintas.
De Descartes dice Russell, se lo considera el fundador de la filosofía moderna porque “es el primer hombre de alta capacidad filosófica cuya perspectiva se ve profundamente afectada por la nueva física y astronomía".