bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are demographics associated with mucoepidermoid or acinic cell carcinoma parotid malignancies in children?
Authors: Janz Tyler A. , Lentsch Eric J. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Clemmens Clarice S. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo identify possible associations between patient demographics and parotid cancer histological type in pediatric patients.MethodsPediatric patients (ages: birth‐18.0 years) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included from 1973 to 2014 based on a diagnosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma or acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland using the ICD O‐3 codes of C07.9 and 8430 or 8550. Patients were classified into the following cohorts: <14 and 14–18 years of age based on the mean age at diagnosis.ResultsThree hundred and three pediatric patients were diagnosed with mucoepidermoid carcinoma or acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland within the SEER 18 registries. Female pediatric patients 14–18 years of age were 7.68 times more likely to have an acinic cell carcinoma (adjusted OR: 7.68 [95% CI: 2.01–29.44]). When stratified by histological type, 58.9% of female pediatric patients ≥14 years of age had an acinic cell carcinoma as compared to 37.3% of male pediatric patients ≥14 years of age, 36.5% of female pediatric patients <14 years of age, and 34.0% of male pediatric patients <14 years of age (P = 0.01).ConclusionsBased on this study, pediatric female patients between the ages of 14 and 18 years are the most likely cohort to have acinic cell carcinoma. The results of this study may assist providers during the work up of a pediatric patient with a suspected parotid malignancy.
Securing the European Project: From Self-Referentiality to Heterarchy
Authors: FICHERA Massimo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSecurity is the meta-constitutional rationale of the European liberal project and is expressed by two tendentially self-justificatory discourses of power, which are two sides of the same coin: security and rights. The political, inherently conflictual nature of EU constitutional claims has been variously disguised through such discourses. Yet, as the process of constitutionalisation reaches a more advanced stage, in which the probability of high-intensity legal-political conflict as regards key issues of EU integration is growing, the moment has come to address conflict directly, rather than conceal it behind a veil of neutrality. Being ready for actual confrontation means dismissing the straitjacket imposed by the European liberal project. A move from self-referential to heterarchical security is thus advocated. As a result, the constellation of nation states should not be sidelined too easily and the needs and claims of the local level should be considered more carefully. In other words, the principles of primacy, autonomy, uniformity, and effectiveness of EU law ought to be conceived in relative, rather than in absolute terms. One possible way of addressing conflict is to simultaneously permit the CJEU (as well as other EU institutions) to engage more proactively with national courtsandidentify a common epistemic core, which ought to be upheld whenever the liberal-democratic premises of the European project are threatened.
Interpersonal Relationship Aspects as Perceived Risk and Social Support Factors in a Clinical Sample of Adolescents With Depression
Authors: Elsina Inese , Martinsone Baiba 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The goal of this qualitative study was to explore how adolescents with diagnosed depression describe their social relationships with peers, parents and teachers. Several previous findings have revealed the dual role of interpersonal relationships — as a stressor and contributor to different mental disorders, and also as a source of social support for mental health. Previous studies confirmed the value of a qualitative approach in exploring the self-perceived experiences of adolescents. The research group consisted of 28 adolescents, aged 13–17, with a diagnosis of depression. Individual semistructured interviews (Children's Depression Rating Scale Revised; CDRS-R) were applied in this study, which were analysed using thematic analysis. The results have both scientific and practical value, as well as relevance for the development of preventive interventions targeted at well-being and mental health of adolescents.
Rivals within: political factions, loyalty, and elite competition under authoritarianism
Authors: Chen Ting , Hong Ji Yeon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLoyalty is a permanent concern to dictators. It is unclear, however, whether loyalty to a dictator assures the ruling group's cohesiveness. This study shows that authoritarian political elites under promotion pressure, while remaining loyal to their superior, also compete within factions to outrival their peers. Exploiting data on Chinese provincial leaders and local media reports on corruption investigations and industrial accidents (2000–2014), we find that Chinese elites promote negative news related to their co-faction peers as frequently as - or, depending on the measure, even more often than - they promote similar news regarding members of other factions. We also find that negative reports indeed reduce the promotion probability of reported cadres, while increasing that of reporting ones.
A Direct-Dated Ceramic AMS Sequence from the Gaspereau Lake Reservoir Site Complex, Maine–Maritimes Region, Northeastern North America
Authors: Woolsey Cora A 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe Gaspereau Lake Reservoir Site Complex in Nova Scotia, Canada, yielded a large ceramic assemblage that permitted the first fine-grained analysis of ceramic change in the region at the Middle–Late Woodland Transition from ca. 1550 BP to ca. 1150 BP. The aim of this study was to refine the standard regional chronology first proposed by researchers J B Petersen and D Sanger. To do this, ceramics were directly dated using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), and the assemblage was categorized and analyzed to identify clusters of attributes. Ten AMS dates were acquired on carbonized food residue on the interiors of pottery and yielded the largest continuous ceramic sequence in the Maritime Provinces of Canada. This sequence was used to infer a change in manufacturing practices between the Middle (2150–1300 BP) and Late (1300–500 BP) Woodland periods and to propose five new subperiods between 1650 BP and 950 BP. Increasing incidence of coil breaks and temper percentage from the Middle to the Late Woodland were found to be chronologically sensitive. The analysis showed that, at Gaspereau Lake, a gradual shift from finely decorated and manufactured pottery to expediently made pottery suggests that pottery was made in larger numbers to support large-scale gatherings.
Optimizing and normalizing the population through hormone therapies in Italian science,c.1926–1950
Authors: BECCALOSSI CHIARA 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis essay explores how hormone treatments were used to optimize and normalize individuals under Italian Fascism. It does so by taking the activities of the Biotypological Orthogenetic Institute − an Italian eugenics and endocrinological centre founded by Nicola Pende in 1926 − as the prime example of a version of eugenics, biotypology, which was based on hormone therapies. This essay first demonstrates that Italian Fascist biopolitics was not only concerned with increasing the size of the Italian population, but also with improving its quality. It suggests that under the Italian Fascist regime hormone therapies became eugenic tools of intervention to improve the Italian race. Second, while Pende's institute purportedly enhanced men and women, its activities show the extent to which the ‘techniques of normalization’ pursued by the Fascist regime were both systematic and invasive.
The influence of homeostatic mechanisms on neural regulation of food craving in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Stopyra Marion A. , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Mönning Esther , Lavandier Nora , Bendszus Martin , Herzog Wolfgang , Simon Joe J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundRestrictive food intake in anorexia nervosa (AN) has been related to an overactive cognitive control network inhibiting intuitive motivational responses to food stimuli. However, the influence of short-term homeostatic signaling on the neural regulation of cue-induced food craving in AN is still unclear.MethodsTwenty-five women with AN and 25 matched normal-weight women were examined on two occasions after receiving either glucose or water directly into their stomach using a nasogastric tube. Participants were blinded to the type of infusion. An event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm was used to investigate the effect of intestinal glucose load on neural processing during either simple viewing or distraction from food stimuli.ResultsNeural differences between patients with AN and normal-weight participants were found during the distraction from food stimuli, but not during the viewing condition. When compared to controls, patients with AN displayed increased activation during food distraction in the left parietal lobule/precuneus and fusiform gyrus after water infusion and decreased activation in ventromedial prefrontal and cingulate regions after intestinal glucose load.ConclusionsIndependent of the cephalic phase and the awareness of caloric intake, homeostatic influences trigger disorder-specific reactions in AN. Food distraction in patients with AN is associated with either excessive higher-order cognitive control during physiological hunger or decreased internally directed attention after intestinal glucose load. These findings suggest that food distraction plays an important role in the psychopathology of AN. This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov with identifier: NCT03075371.
Navigation of Semi-autonomous Service Robots Using Local Information and Anytime Motion Planners
Authors: Pereira Guilherme A. S. , Freitas Elias J. R. 
Published: January 2020

SUMMARYThis paper deals with the problem of navigating semi-autonomous mobile robots without global localization systems in unknown environments. We propose a planning-based obstacle avoidance strategy that relies on local maps and a series of short-time coordinate frames. With this approach, simple odometry and range information are sufficient to make the robot to safely follow the user commands. Different from reactive obstacle avoidance strategies, the proposed approach chooses a good and smooth local path for the robot. The methodology is evaluated using a mobile service robot moving in an unknown corridor environment populated with obstacles and people.
A tuberculosis outbreak in a psychiatric hospital: Kanagawa, Japan, 2012
Authors: Tasaka M. , Koeda E. , Takahashi C. , Ota M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In January 2012, an inpatient in a ward of a psychiatric hospital with nearly 300 beds in Kanagawa, Japan, was diagnosed with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Here we characterise the TB outbreak cases and identify the population at risk. TB was diagnosed when a person tested bacteriologically positive for TB or was determined to have TB by a physician. A latent TB infection (LTBI) case was defined as a person tested positive by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). A total of 125 contacts were screened via IGRA and chest X-ray. In all, 15 TB and 15 LTBI cases were found by the end of October 2012, and thereafter no additional TB case was found. Of the 15 TB cases, eight were culture-positive and all the isolates had identical variable number tandem repeat patterns. Twenty-four of the 56 (42.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 29.7–56.8) inpatients in the ward had either TB or LTBI with a relative risk of 8.6 (95% CI 1.2–59.3), compared to the staff members who did not work full-time in the ward (one of 20 (5.0%, 95% CI 0.0–24.9)). We recommend that psychiatric hospitals conduct periodic screening of staff members and inpatients for TB to prevent nosocomial TB outbreaks.
Drivers of population change in common farmland birds in Germany
Authors: BUSCH MALTE , KATZENBERGER JAKOB , TRAUTMANN SVEN , GERLACH BETTINA , DRÖSCHMEISTER RAINER , SUDFELDT CHRISTOPH 
Published: January 2020

SummaryFarmland bird populations in Germany are declining at a higher speed than species inhabiting other habitats. We studied potential causes for bird population changes based on data from standardised German breeding bird monitoring schemes. We related population trends to covariates describing the changes in the agricultural landscape in Germany, weather conditions during the breeding season and for some migratory species, conditions at stopover and wintering sites. Linear mixed effect models were used to analyse effect strength at species level and conclusions are drawn for the overall group of farmland bird species. The area of grassland and fallow land was shown to have the strongest positive effects and the area of maize and rapeseed the strongest negative effects on farmland bird population trends. The results obtained also indicate that despite the consistent influence of weather conditions during the breeding season, land-use changes had a stronger impact on bird populations than weather. Conditions at Sahel wintering sites did not show a consistent effect on population trends. Based on these findings the study quantitatively underpins and ranks key factors shaping farmland bird populations in Germany.
Effects of different polyvinylpyrrolidone concentrations on intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: Ding Ding , Wang Qiushuang , Li Xinyuan , Chen Beili , Zou Weiwei , Ji Dongmei , Hao Yan , Xue Rufeng , Zou Huijuan , Wei Zhaolian , Zhou Ping , Cao Yunxia , Zhang Zhiguo 
Published: January 2020

SummaryTo explore whether different polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) concentrations affect the results of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a prospective study was conducted for 194 couples undergoing 210 ICSI therapy cycles. These cycles were divided into three groups (10, 7 and 5% groups) using the corresponding concentration of PVP for sperm immobilization. The main outcome measures were analyzed. Results indicated that, with a decrease in PVP concentrations, all of the main outcome measures increased. In particular, the high-quality cleavage embryo rate in the 7% group was significantly lower than in the 5% group (P < 0.01), and the cleavage, high-quality cleavage embryo, and high-quality blastocyst rates in the 5% group were significantly higher than those in the 10% group (all P < 0.001). For high-/intermediate-quality semen, all of the main outcome measures were significantly increased with 5% PVP. For the poor-quality semen, only the high-quality cleavage embryo and high-quality blastocyst rates were significantly higher in the 5% group. Therefore, lowering PVP concentrations greatly promoted the development of embryos in ICSI cycles, with an optimal concentration of 5% for ICSI.
Micromorphological and ultrastructural description of spermatozoa from squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi Osgood, 1916)
Authors: Leão Danuza L. , Sampaio Wlaisa V. , Sousa Patrícia C. , Moura Arlindo A.A. , Oskam Irma C. , Santos Regiane R. , Domingues Sheyla F.S. 
Published: January 2020

SummarySaimiri collinsi is used as an animal model in biotechnology research for conservation of species from the genus Saimiri. However, the development of biotechnologies depends on a proper knowledge of the sperm morphology to understand the basic aspects of sperm physiology, as potential male fertility depends on different cellular sperm structures. With this purpose, this study characterized the micromorphological and ultrastructural characteristics of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi) sperm using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). SEM electromyography revealed that a normal Saimiri collinsi sperm measures 71.7 ± 0.7 μm with lateral tail insertion, a paddle-shaped flattened head and an acrosome occupying most of the head. TEM also showed that the middle piece is characterized by a central 9 + 2 microtubule axoneme surrounded by nine dense fibres, and that the mitochondria were juxtaposed, forming the mitochondrial sheath. Here we provide the first micromorphological and ultrastructure description of S. collinsi sperm.
Evaluation of a multimodal pain rehabilitation programme in primary care based on clinical register data: a feasibility study
Authors: Sennehed Charlotte Post , Stigmar Kjerstin , Grahn Birgitta , Fischer Marcelo Rivano , Forsbrand Malin , Nyberg Anja , Petersson Ingemar F. , Holmberg Sara 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Aim:
Investigate the feasibility of identifying a well-defined treatment group and a comparable reference group in clinical register data.

Background:
There is insufficient knowledge on how to avert neck/back pain from turning chronic or to impair work ability. The Swedish Government implemented a national multimodal rehabilitation (MMR) programme in primary care intending to promote work ability, reduce sick leave and increase return to work. Since randomised control trial data for effect is lacking, it is important to evaluate existing observational data from clinical settings.

Methods:
We identified all unique patients with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) diagnoses undergoing the MMR programme in primary care in the Skåne Health care Register (n = 2140) during 2010–2011. A reference cohort in primary care (n = 56 300) with similar MSP diagnoses, same ages and the same level of sick leave before baseline was identified for the same period. The reference cohort received ordinary care and treatment in primary care. The final study group consisted of 603 eligible MMR patients and 2874 eligible reference patients. Socio-economic and health-related baseline data including sick leave one year before up to two years after baseline were compared between groups.

Findings:
There were significant socio-economic and health differences at baseline between the MMR and the reference patients, with the MMR group having lower income, higher morbidity and more sick leave days. Sick leave days per year decreased significantly in the MMR group (118–102 days, P < 0.001) and in the reference group (50–42 days, P < 0.001) from one year before baseline to two years after.

Conclusions:
It was not feasible to identify a comparable reference group based on clinical register data. Despite an ambitious attempt to limit selection bias, significant baseline differences in socio-economic and health were present. In absence of randomised trials, effects of MMR cannot be sufficiently evaluated in primary care.
What's it like to be a state? An argument for state consciousness
Authors: Lerner Adam B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractQuestions of consciousness pervade the social sciences. Yet, despite persistent tendencies to anthropomorphize states, most International Relations scholarship implicitly adopts the position that humans are conscious and states are not. Recognizing that scholarly disagreement over fundamental issues prevents answering definitively whether states are truly conscious, I instead demonstrate how scholars of multiple dispositions can incorporate a pragmatic notion of state consciousness into their theorizing. Drawing on recent work from Eric Schwitzgebel and original supplementary arguments, I demonstrate that states are not only complex informationally integrated systems with emergent properties, but they also exhibit seemingly genuine responses to qualia that are irreducible to individuals within them. Though knowing whether states possess an emergent ‘stream’ of consciousness indiscernible to their inhabitants may not yet be possible, I argue that a pragmatic notion of state consciousness can contribute to a more complete understanding of state personhood, as well as a revised model of the international system useful to multiple important theoretical debates. In the article's final section, I apply this model to debate over the levels of analysis at which scholarship applies ontological security theory. I suggest the possibility of emergent state-level ontological insecurity that need not be understood via problematic reduction to individuals.
Design of ultra-wide tetra band phased array inverted T-shaped patch antennas using DGS with beam-steering capabilities for 5G applications
Authors: Anas Muhammad , Shahid Hifsa , Rauf Abdul , Shahid Abdullah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA novel 1 × 4 phased array elliptical inverted T-shaped slotted sectored patch antenna with defected ground structure (DGS), resonate at proposed ultra-wide tetra band at 28, 43, 51, and 64 GHz with high gain and beam-steering capabilities is presented. An inverted T-shaped slotted stub is used with the sectored patch to achieve ultra-wideband properties. In order to resonate the antenna at four different bands, DGS of round bracket slot is etched on the ground. The 1 × 4 phased arrays are used at the top edge and bottom edge of mobile PCB with high gain. The simulation results show that the antenna has four ultra-wide bands: 25.8–29.7, 40.6–44.6, 49.2–53.1, and 62.2–74 GHz with a maximum gain of 16.5 dBi at 51 GHz. The phased array antenna is capable to steer its main beam within ±30° at the 26, 28, and 43 GHz, using appropriate phase shifts of each antenna element. The proposed millimeter wave antenna is particularly suitable for cellular infrastructures and can be a candidate for emerging 5G mobile applications. The availability of an additional 11.8 GHz (62.2–74 GHz) of contiguous unlicensed spectrum will allow the launching of new exciting wireless services.
TwinsMX: Uncovering the Basis of Health and Disease in the Mexican Population
Authors: Leon-Apodaca Ana V. , Chiu-Han Enrique , Ortega-Mora Ivett , Román-López Talía V. , Caballero-Sánchez Ulises , Aldana-Assad Oscar , Campos Adrián I. , Cuellar-Partida Gabriel , Ruiz-Contreras Alejandra E. , Alcauter Sarael , Rentería Miguel E. , Medina-Rivera Alejandra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTwinsMX is a national twin registry in Mexico recently created with institutional support from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. It aims to serve as a platform to advance epidemiological and genetic research in the country and to disentangle the genetic and environmental contributions to health and disease in the admixed Mexican population. Here, we describe our recruitment and data collection strategies and discuss both the progress to date and future directions. More information about the registry is available on our website: https://twinsmxofficial.unam.mx/ (content in Spanish).
Nonlinear Impacts of Surface Exchange Coefficient Uncertainty on Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Air‐Sea Interactions
Authors: Nystrom Robert G. , Chen Xingchao , Zhang Fuqing , Davis Christopher A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTropical cyclone maximum intensity is believed to result from a balance between the surface friction, which removes energy, and a temperature/moisture (enthalpy) difference between the sea surface and the air above it, which adds energy. The competing processes near the air‐sea interface are controlled by both the near surface wind speed and the surface momentum (Cd) and enthalpy (Ck) exchange coefficients. Unfortunately, these coefficients are currently highly uncertain at high wind speeds. Tropical cyclone winds also apply a force on the ocean surface, which results in ocean surface cooling through vertical mixing. Using coupled atmosphere‐ocean and uncoupled (atmosphere only) ensemble simulations we explore the complex influence of uncertain surface exchange coefficients on storm‐induced ocean feedback and tropical cyclone intensity. We find that the magnitude of ocean cooling increases with storm intensity and Cd. Additionally, the simulated maximum wind speed uncertainty does not necessarily decrease when ocean feedback are considered.