bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-stage medial plateau elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies in advanced-stage Blount's disease: A new technique
Authors: Baraka Mostafa M. , Hefny Hany M. , Mahran Mahmoud A. , Fayyad Tamer A. , Abdelazim Haytham , Nabil Amr 
Published: December 2020

Purpose Surgical treatment in advanced-stage infantile Blount's disease with medial plateau (MP) depression is challenging. Several osteotomies and fixation methods have been described with no established benchmark. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new single-stage technique for acute medial condyle elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies with internal fixation. Methods A prospective case series of 19 consecutive patients (21 knees) with severe infantile Blount's disease underwent a single-stage MP elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies, with internal fixation. The mean age was 10.3 years (8.2 to 13.6) and the mean follow-up was 5.1 years (3.2 to 8.3). The outcome measures included clinical and radiological parameters and patient-reported pediatric outcomes data collection instrument (PODCI) score. Results The mean PODCI score improved significantly from 50% to 88%. The mean internal tibial torsion improved from -27° to 11°. All cases maintained full knee extension, no limitation in flexion range of movement and no signs of instability or lateral thrust gait. All the radiographic parameters improved significantly; the mean tibiofemoral angle improved from -29° to 7°, the metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle improved from 33.4° to 4.7° and the angle of depressed MP improved from 38.3° to 2.4° (p < 0.001). At the latest follow-up, no cases of deformity recurrence were identified, the final limb-length discrepancy was < 1 cm in all patients. Conclusion Single-stage MP elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies with internal fixation significantly improved the clinical and radiographic parameters and PODCI score in advanced infantile Blount's disease and precluded the use of external immobilization, with no evidence of deformity recurrence. Level of evidence IV
Time to recovery and its predictors among adults hospitalized with COVID-19: A prospective cohort study in Ethiopia
Authors: Abrahim Saro Abdella , Tessema Masresha , Defar Atkure , Hussen Alemayehu , Ejeta Eshetu , Demoz Getachew , Tereda Addisu Birhanu , Dillnessa Enatenesh , Feleke Altaye , Amare Misiker , Nigatu Frehiwot , Fufa Yaregal , Refera Hailu , Aklilu Ayalew , Kassa Munir , Kifle Tsigereda , Whiting Susan , Tollera Getachew , Abate Ebba 
Published: December 2020

Background
Various factors may determine the duration of viral shedding (the time from infection to viral RNA-negative conversion or recovery) in COVID-19 patients. Understanding the average duration of recovery and its predictors is crucial in formulating preventive measures and optimizing treatment options. Therefore, evidence showing the duration of recovery from COVID-19 in different contexts and settings is necessary for tailoring appropriate treatment and prevention measures. This study aimed to investigate the average duration and the predictors of recovery from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among COVID-19 patients.

Method
A hospital-based prospective cohort study was conducted at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, COVID-19 Isolation and Treatment Center from March 18 to June 27, 2020. The Center was the first hospital designated to manage COVID-19 cases in Ethiopia. The study participants were all COVID-19 adult patients who were admitted to the center during the study period. Follow up was done for the participants from the first date of diagnosis to the date of recovery (negative Real-time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCT) test of throat swab).

Result
A total of 306 COVID-19 cases were followed up to observe the duration of viral clearance by rRT-PCR. Participants’ mean age was 34 years (18–84 years) and 69% were male. The median duration of viral clearance from each participant’s body was 19 days, but the range was wide: 2 to 71 days. Cough followed by headache was the leading sign of illness among the 67 symptomatic COVID-19 patients; and nearly half of those with comorbidities were known cancer and HIV/AIDS patients on clinical follow up. The median duration of recovery from COVID-19 was different for those with and without previous medical conditions or comorbidities. The rate of recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection was 36% higher in males than in females (p = 0.043, CI: 1.01, 1.85). The rate of recovery was 93% higher in those with at least one comorbidity than in those without any comorbidity. The risk of delayed recovery was not influenced by blood type, BMI and presence of signs or symptoms. The findings showed that study participants without comorbidities recovered more quickly than those with at least one comorbidity. Therefore, isolation and treatment centers should be prepared to manage the delayed stay of patients having comorbidity.
Microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers in Kuwait
Authors: Alhubail Asma , Sewify May , Messenger Grace , Masoetsa Richard , Hussain Imtiaz , Nair Shinu , Tiss Ali 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and infection (DFI) are a major diabetes-related problem around the world due to the high prevalence of diabetes in the population. The aim of our study was to determine the microbiological profile of infected ulcers in patients attending Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI) clinics in Kuwait and to analyze the distribution of microbial isolates according to wound grade, sex, age and diabetes control.

Methods
We collected and analyzed clinical data and samples from 513 diabetic patients with foot ulcers referred to our podiatry clinic at DDI from Jan 2011 till Dec 2017.

Results
We show a higher prevalence of DFU in men than in women, and a greater percentage of DFU occurred in men at an earlier age (p<0.05). Only about half of the DFU were clinically infected (49.3%) but 92% of DFU showed bacterial growth in the microbiological lab analysis. In addition, we isolated more monomicrobial (57.3%) than polymicrobial (34.8%) DFI and representing an average of 1.30 pathogens per patient. The presence of Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains was comparable between men and women regardless their age or glucose levels. Interestingly, more Gram-positive strains are present in ulcers without ischemia while more Gram-negative strains are present in ulcers with ischemia (p<0.05). While Staphylococcus aureus was common in infected ulcers without ischemia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was predominant in ulcers with infection and ischemia, regardless of ulcer depth. Finally, a higher percentage of women has controlled HbA1c levels (19.41% versus 11.95% in men) and more women in this group displayed non-infected wounds (60.6% and 43.90% for women and men, respectively).

Conclusion
Our results provide an updated picture of the DFI patterns and antibiotics resistance in patients attending Dasman Diabetes Institute (DDI) clinics in Kuwait which might help in adopting the appropriate treatment of infected foot and improving clinical outcomes.
Improving the quality of childbirth services in Zambia through introduction of the Safe Childbirth Checklist and systems-focused mentorship
Authors: Mudhune Sandra , Phiri Sydney Chauwa , Prescott Marta R. , McCarthy Elizabeth A. , Banda Aaron , Haimbe Prudence , Mwansa Francis Dien , Mwiche Angel , Silumesii Andrew , Micheck Kabamba , Shakwelele Hilda , Prust Margaret L. 
Published: December 2020

Although strong evidence exists about the effectiveness of basic childbirth services in reducing maternal and newborn mortality, these services are not provided in every childbirth, even those at health facilities. The WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist (SCC) was developed as a job aide to remind health workers of evidenced-based practices to be provided at specific points in the childbirth process. The Zambian government requested context-specific evidence on the feasibility and outcomes associated with introducing the checklist and related mentorship. A study was conducted on use of the SCC in four facilities in Nchelenge District of Zambia. Observations of childbirth services were conducted just before and six months after the introduction of the intervention. Observers used a structured tool to record adherence to essential services indicated on the checklist. The primary outcome of interest was the change in the average proportion of essential childbirth practices completed. Feedback questionnaires were administered to health workers before and six months after the intervention. At baseline and endline, 108 and 148 pause points were observed, respectively. There was an increase from 57% to 76% of tasks performed (p = 0.04). Considering only these cases where necessary supplies were available, health workers completed 60% of associated tasks at baseline compared to 84% at endline (p<0.01). Some tasks, such as taking an infant’s temperature and hand washing, were never or rarely performed at baseline. Feedback from the health workers indicated that nearly all health workers agreed or strongly agreed with positive statements about the intervention. The performance of health workers in Zambia in completing essential practices in childbirth was low at baseline but improvements were observed with the introduction of the SCC and mentorship. Our results suggest that such interventions could improve quality of care for facility-based childbirth. However, national-level commitment to ensuring availability of trained staff and supplies is essential for success.
Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov (NCT03263182) Registered August 28, 2017
This study adheres to CONSORT guidelines.
Putting cumulative (dis)advantages in context: Comparing the role of educational inequality in later-life functional health trajectories in England and Germany
Authors: Wetzel Martin , Vanhoutte Bram 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe cumulative (dis)advantage (CAD) perspective more and more is examined in a comparative way, to highlight the role of context in generating inequality over the life course. This study adds to this field of research by examining trajectories of activities of daily living (ADL) in later life by educational level in a country comparison of England and Germany, emphasizing differing institutional conditions.MethodData used are the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA; 11,352 individuals) and the German subsample of the Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe (SHARE; 5,573 individuals). Using population averaged Poisson panel regression models, 12-year trajectories of six birth cohorts are investigated, covering the age range of 50 to 90 years.ResultsRespondents in England have a higher level of limitations at age 50, and more limited increases over age than in Germany. An educational gradient exists in both countries at age 50. Notably, the educational gradient increases for more recently born cohorts, but declines with increasing age in England, while in Germany educational differences increase for more recently born cohort only.DiscussionThe current study indicates that CAD processes between educational groups are context sensitive. While England showed convergence of disparities with increasing age, in Germany no differential development was found.
Coronary calcium scoring assessed on native screening chest CT imaging as predictor for outcome in COVID-19: An analysis of a hospitalized German cohort
Authors: Zimmermann Gregor S. , Fingerle Alexander A. , Müller-Leisse Christina , Gassert Felix , von Schacky Claudio E. , Ibrahim Tareq , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Geisler Fabian , Spinner Christoph , Haller Bernhard , Makowski Markus R. , Nadjiri Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

Background
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of risk factors for a poor outcome have been identified. Thereby, cardiovascular comorbidity has a major impact on mortality. We investigated whether coronary calcification as a marker for coronary artery disease (CAD) is appropriate for risk prediction in COVID-19.

Methods
Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (n = 109) were analyzed regarding clinical outcome after native computed tomography (CT) imaging for COVID-19 screening. CAC (coronary calcium score) and clinical outcome (need for intensive care treatment or death) data were calculated following a standardized protocol. We defined three endpoints: critical COVID-19 and transfer to ICU, fatal COVID-19 and death, composite endpoint critical and fatal COVID-19, a composite of ICU treatment and death. We evaluated the association of clinical outcome with the CAC. Patients were dichotomized by the median of CAC. Hazard ratios and odds ratios were calculated for the events death or ICU or a composite of death and ICU.

Results
We observed significantly more events for patients with CAC above the group’s median of 31 for critical outcome (HR: 1.97[1.09,3.57], p = 0.026), for fatal outcome (HR: 4.95[1.07,22.9], p = 0.041) and the composite endpoint (HR: 2.31[1.28,4.17], p = 0.0056. Also, odds ratio was significantly increased for critical outcome (OR: 3.01 [1.37, 6.61], p = 0.01) and for fatal outcome (OR: 5.3 [1.09, 25.8], p = 0.02).

Conclusion
The results indicate a significant association between CAC and clinical outcome in COVID-19. Our data therefore suggest that CAC might be useful in risk prediction in patients with COVID-19.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MAGNESIUM TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK, MIKROSTRUKTUR DAN ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY POLIMER PLA/ABS UNTUK MATERIAL IMPLAN BIOABSORBABEL
Authors: Erryani Aprilia 
Published: December 2020

Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan implan bioabsorbable dengan bahan polimer logam komposit (PLA/ABS/Mg) dengan menggunakan metode solvent casting dengan tiga komposisi yakni PLA:ABS 70:30, 60:40, 80:20 dengan komposisi Mg masing-masing 5%, 10% dan 15% kemudian dilarutkan dengan clorofoam sebanyak 17 mL sehingga mendapatkan sampel berbentuk film. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi optimal PLA/ABS terhadapat karakterisitik sifat mekanik, morfologi, impedansi dengan adanya penambahan Mg. Hasil karakterisasi sifat mekanik menggunakan uji tarik dengan komposisi PLA:ABS 80:20 pada variasi Mg 10% dan 15% menunjukkan hasil yang optimal, sehingga Mg terbukti meningkatkan sifat mekanik dari PLA. Semakin banyak penambahan variasi Mg menunjukkan peningkatan nilai kekerasan vikers dan impedansi pada polimer logam komposit. Hasil pengamatan dengan menggunakan SEM pada kompoisi PLA:ABS 70:30 menunjukan bahwa homogenitas Mg didalam polimer telah tercapai dengan baik.
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN HIDROTERMAL TERHADAP MORFOLOGI, SIFAT OPTIK DAN SIFAT LISTRIK LAPISAN TIPIS NANORODS ZNO
Authors: Suhaimi Lalu 
Published: December 2020

Zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) is a semiconductor material that has been widely applied in various fields. In this research, ZnO NRs were successfully grown on ITO substrates by chemichal bath deposition (CBD) method. The process begins with making a seed solution using an ecimolar mixture of Zn-Nitrate and hexamethylentetramine (HMTA) at 00C for one hour with 0.015 M concentration. Furthermore, making a layer of seeds using spin coating technique. ZnO NRs were grown using the CBD method at 900C for three hours then treated with variations which are hydrothermal method treatment and non-hydrothermal method treatment at 1500C for three hours. Samples were given characterization treatment using SEM, XRD, UV-Vis and four-point probe. SEM results showed that hydrothermal treatment was able to increase the coverage of nanorods on the substrate to be more prevelently and was able to increase the vertical structure of the nanorods. The results of XRD analysis showed that samples given hydrothermal treatment experienced an increase in the crystallite size. The amount of crystallite size in the sample treated with variation of non-hydrothermal treatment and hydrothermal treatment was 71, 198 and 165.696 nm. Hydrothermal treatment of nanorods samples decreased the sample diameter from 288,252 nm to 125,824 nm. The transmittance value of the samples decreased in the presence of hydrothermal treatment which is 56.53% to 38.67%. The hydrothermal treatment was able to reduce the energy bandgap (Eg) of the sample, while the sample of non-hydrothermal treatment showed value of the Eg was 3.22 eV. Meanwhile, the value of Eg after hydrothermal treatment was 3.17 eV. The resistivity value of ZnO NRs with hydrothermal treatment was 0.833 x 10-4 Ωcm, while the resistivity value of non-hydrothermal treatment was 1.126 x 10-4 Ωcm. Key words: zinc-oxide nanorods, chemical bath deposition, hydro-thermal
Língua fascista, discurso contraditório
Authors: Nascimento Lucas 
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho está filiado à Análise do Discurso e aos autores Pêcheux, Foucault, Courtine e Barthes. São enunciados das análises: “Quem quiser vir ao Brasil fazer sexo com mulher, fique à vontade” e “Não podemos ser país do mundo gay, temos família”, afirmações de Jair Messias Bolsonaro, durante café da manhã com jornalistas, em 25 de abril de 2019, em Brasília-DF. Argumentamos em relação à expressão fique à vontade que abre fissuras na imagem da mulher brasileira e a simboliza ao turismo sexual do país. Argumentamos também em relação à contradição do segundo enunciado, situação em que o locutor nega para afirmar. A negação é para a sexualidade do homem homossexual, tendo como funcionamento discursivo a exclusão sexista e a afirmação homofóbica. Portanto, o discurso de Bolsonaro corrobora com o seguinte imaginário sobre o turismo brasileiro: a exploração do corpo da mulher brasileira e a negação da homossexualidade – elementos de uma língua fascista.
Palavras-chave: Língua; Discurso; Fascismo; Misoginia; Homofobia.
Collaborative Teams for Self-Publishing: A model for creating locally-relevant educational books
Authors: McConnell Tom J. , Giorgio-Booher Barbara 
Published: December 2020

Transforming education often means finding new curricular materials that are culturally relevant to local schools. If no such books are available, new materials need to be created to meet specific needs. Producing new high-quality materials may seem out of reach to educators who lack experience in illustration and publishing or have little access to commercial publishers.
We share a model used to develop a series of books called Conservation Tales in collaboration with university faculty students, and scientists. The model is presented as a way for local educators to create books to make education more relevant and accessible for children. The model leverages skills of artists, writers, and content experts to provide a rich learning experience for readers and an affordable option for self-publishing.
The model allowed a science educator to develop books for grades 3-5 with illustrations and photographs. University students were selected to developed images, create page layouts, and co-author the stories to suit the target audience. Collaborators also included scientists who reviewed content for accuracy and education students who developed learning activities included in the books.
This article describes the collaborative model with examples, and shares the process for self-publishing of print and digital books via online on-demand print services. We discuss sites that allow authors to create books with almost no overhead budget. We also share tips about the quality of graphics, software for creating files, and distributing your books.
Keywords: Self-publishing, Culturally relevant books, collaborative writing
MARKA DENKLİĞİ İLE SATIN ALMA NİYETİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE MARKA TERCİHİNİN ÖNEMİ VE MOBİL TELEFON SEKTÖRÜ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GÜNER Elif , KARABIYIK YERDEN Nevin , ÖZTEK Mehmet Yaman 
Published: December 2020

Günümüzün hızla küreselleşen dünyasında teknolojik gelişmelerin de etkisiyle birlikte rekabet artmıştır. Tüketiciler mal ve hizmetlere daha kolay bir şekilde ulaşabilmekte ve daha bilinçli satın alma kararı verebilmektedirler. Bu durum ise güçlü bir marka oluşturmanın önemini daha da arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, tüketici temelli marka denkliği ile satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, tüketici temelli marka denkliği ve satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide marka tercihi ara değişken olarak incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, bu araştırmanın amacı, tüketicilerin cep telefonu satın alma niyetleri ile tüketici temelli marka denkliği arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak ve marka tercihinin bu ilişkideki önemini belirlemektir. Araştırma, üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, cep telefonu sektöründe lider marka konumunda olan, ayrıca 2017 yılı itibariyle en yüksek marka değerine sahip olan bir cep telefonu markası seçilmiş ve araştırma kapsamına dâhil edilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında anket yönteminden yararlanılmış ve bu doğrultuda 394 geçerli anket formu elde edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular ışığında, tüketici temelli marka denkliği ve bileşenleri ile marka tercihi; marka tercihi ile satın alma niyeti; tüketici temelli marka denkliği ve bileşenleri ile satın alma niyeti arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca marka tercihinin, tüketici temelli marka denkliği bileşenlerinin satın alma niyeti üzerindeki açıklayıcılığına etki ettiği de ortaya çıkmıştır.
Tembang Macapat: Kritik Sosial Sedulur Sikep terhadap Ekspansi Industri Semen di Pegunungan Kendeng
Authors: Iriyanto Ery 
Published: December 2020

Macapat song is an ancestral heritage that contains life guidance for the Javanese. Each lyric or cakepan of the Macapat song has a deep meaning. However, for Sedulur Sikep Sukolilo Pati, the macapat song was used as a social criticism of the plan to build a cement factory in the Kendeng Utara mountains. Cakepan macapat song is adapted to the social criticism that is to be conveyed through the song. This research uses literary criticism studies (expressive criticism) with a descriptive analysis approach. The research data is in the form of cakepan tembang macapat. Sources of research data, namely Sedulur Sikep figures and social media. Methods of data collection using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and data verification. The results showed that the social criticism used by Sedulur Sikep through the macapat song consisted of five Pangkur songs and one Dhandhanggula song. The social criticisms include, 1) farmers land planted with cement factories, 2) justice must be upheld, 3) casualties caused by miners, 4) the government torments farmers, 5) the earth begins to prosecute nature destroyers, 6) commemoration of earth day is useless.
Keywords: macapat song, social criticism, Sedulur Sikep, cement industry, Kendeng mountains.