bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration-based near real-time detection and location of microearthquakes with parallel computing
Authors: Guidarelli Mariangela , Klin Peter , Priolo Enrico 
Published: March 2020

SUMMARYPrompt detection and accurate location of microseismic events are of great importance in seismic monitoring at local scale and become essential steps in monitoring underground activities, such as oil and gas production, geothermal exploitation and underground gas storage, for implementing effective control procedures to limit the induced seismicity hazard. In this study, we describe an automatic and robust earthquake detection and location procedure that exploits high-performance computing and allows the analysis of microseismic events in near real-time using the full waveforms recorded by a local seismic network. The implemented technique, called MigraLoc, is based on the space–time migration of continuous waveform data and consists of the following steps: (1) enhancement of P and S arrivals in noisy signals through a characteristic function, by means of the time–frequency analysis of the seismic records; (2) blind event location based on delay-and-sum approach systematically scanning the volume of potential hypocentres; (3) detection notification according to the information content of the hypocentre probability distribution obtained in the previous step. The technique implies that theoretical arrival times are pre-calculated for each station and all potential hypocentres as a solution of the seismic-ray equation in a given 3-D medium. As a test case, we apply MigraLoc to two, low-magnitude, earthquake swarms recorded by the Collalto Seismic Network in the area of the Veneto Alpine foothills (Italy) in 2014 and 2017, respectively. Thanks to MigraLoc, we can increase the number of events reported in the network catalogue by more than 25 per cent. The automatically determined locations prove to be consistent with, and overall more accurate than, those obtained by classical methods using manual time-arrival picks. The proposed method works preferably with dense networks that provide signals with some degree of coherency. It shows the following advantages compared to other classical location methods: it works on the continuous stream of data as well as on selected intervals of waveforms; it detects more microevents owing to the increased signal-to-noise ratio of the stacked signal that feeds the characteristic function; it works with any complex 3-D model with no additional effort; it is completely automatic, once calibrated, and it does not need any manual picking.
Skeletal muscle quality affects patient outcomes in acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Gomibuchi Toshihito , Seto Tatsuichiro , Chino Shuji , Mikoshiba Toru , Komatsu Masaki , Tanaka Haruki , Ichimura Hajime , Yamamoto Takateru , Ohashi Noburo , Fuke Megumi , Wada Yuko , Okada Kenji 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Although skeletal muscle quantity is linked to surgical outcomes, quality remains unexamined. In this study, we evaluated whether skeletal muscle quality and quantity could predict surgical outcomes in acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).

METHODS
Skeletal muscle quality and quantity were evaluated using computed tomography (CT) values and the psoas muscle mass index, respectively. From May 2004 to December 2017, 324 ATAAD patients underwent aortic replacement after CT scans and psoas muscle mass index measurements. Patients were grouped into intramuscular fat (IMF; n = 55) and non-IMF (n = 269) deposition groups.

RESULTS
The mean ages of the patients were 72.3 ± 9.7 and 66.8 ± 12.1 years (P = 0.002), and hospital mortality rates were 3.6% (2/55) and 7.4% (20/269; P = 0.393) for IMF and non-IMF deposition groups, respectively. IMF deposition was a risk factor for a deterioration in activities of daily living at discharge by multivariable analysis [odds ratio 0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16–0.69; P = 0.003]. The mean follow-up was 43.9 ± 36.8 months. The 5-year survival was significantly worse for the IMF deposition group (IMF 73.8% vs non-IMF 88.2%; P = 0.010). The multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that IMF deposition significantly predicted poor survival (hazard ratio 3.26, 95% CI 1.47–7.24; P = 0.004), unlike psoas muscle mass index and age.

CONCLUSIONS
Skeletal muscle quality, defined by IMF deposition, was an independent predictor of overall survival and postoperative activities of daily living dependence risk in patients undergoing surgery for ATAAD. Thus, IMF deposition may be an additional risk factor for estimating late outcomes of ATAAD surgery.
An inverse optimal approach to ship course-keeping control
Authors: Wang Chuanrui , Yan Chuanxu , Liu Zhenchong , Cao Feng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with the ship course tracking control problem in a novel inverse optimal control approach. The inverse optimal stabilization problem and inverse optimal gain assignment problem are firstly extended to general systems affine in the control with unknown control gain. It is shown that a sufficient condition to solve the inverse optimal control problem is the existence of a stabilization control law in a special form for a corresponding auxiliary system. Then, by employing backstepping technique, control laws are designed which solve the inverse optimal stabilization, inverse optimal adaptive stabilization and inverse optimal adaptive gain assignment problem of ship course control system, respectively. Simulations are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithms.
Elliptic Curves with Long Arithmetic Progressions Have Large Rank
Authors: Garcia-Fritz Natalia , Pasten Hector 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
For any family of elliptic curves over the rational numbers with fixed $j$-invariant, we prove that the existence of a long sequence of rational points whose $x$-coordinates form a nontrivial arithmetic progression implies that the Mordell–Weil rank is large, and similarly for $y$-coordinates. We give applications related to uniform boundedness of ranks, conjectures by Bremner and Mohanty, and arithmetic statistics on elliptic curves. Our approach involves Nevanlinna theory as well as Rémond’s quantitative extension of results of Faltings.
Functions of Bounded Variation on Complete and Connected One-Dimensional Metric Spaces
Authors: Lahti Panu , Zhou Xiaodan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study functions of bounded variation on a complete and connected metric space with finite one-dimensional Hausdorff measure. The definition of BV functions on a compact interval based on pointwise variation is extended to this general setting. We show this definition of BV functions is equivalent to the BV functions introduced by Miranda [18]. Furthermore, we study the necessity of conditions on the underlying space in Federer’s characterization of sets of finite perimeter on metric measure spaces. In particular, our examples show that the doubling and Poincaré inequality conditions are essential in showing that a set has finite perimeter if the codimension one Hausdorff measure of the measure-theoretic boundary is finite.
Has Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Prevented Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes? Population-Level Analysis After 8 Years of a National HPV Vaccination Program in Australia
Authors: Yuill Susan , Egger Sam , Smith Megan , Velentzis Louiza , Wrede C David , Bateson Deborah , Canfell Karen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and its sequelae of precancerous cervical lesions and their subsequent treatment, have been linked with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Publicly funded HPV vaccination of female adolescents began in Australia in 2007 with initial catch-up to age 26 years.

Methods
Using data from the National Perinatal Data Collection we compared rates of preterm births and small-for-gestational-age infants born in Australia 2000–2015. We used generalized linear models, assuming a Poisson distribution and log link function, with single-year categories of infant birth year, maternal age, and age-specific HPV vaccination coverage as independent variables.

Results
In maternal cohorts with 60%–80% HPV vaccination coverage as achieved in Australia, there was a relative rate reduction of 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 1.1%–5.3%) in preterm births and 9.8% (8.2% to 11.4%) in small-for-gestational-age infants, after adjustment for infant’s birth year and maternal age.

Conclusion
This analysis provides provisional population-level evidence of a reduction in adverse pregnancy outcomes in cohorts of women offered HPV vaccination. Confounding by smoking or other variables and/or ecological analysis limitations, however, cannot be excluded. These findings indicate potential broader benefits of HPV vaccination than have been documented to date.
A systematic review of factors that enable psychological safety in healthcare teams
Authors: O’donovan Róisín , Mcauliffe Eilish 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The current systematic review will identify enablers of psychological safety within the literature in order to produce a comprehensive list of factors that enable psychological safety specific to healthcare teams.

Data sources
A keyword search strategy was developed and used to search the following electronic databases PsycINFO, ABI/INFORM, Academic search complete and PubMed and grey literature databases OpenGrey, OCLC WorldCAT and Espace.

Study selection
Peer-reviewed studies relevant to enablers of psychological safety in healthcare setting that were published between 1999 and 2019 were eligible for inclusion. Covidence, an online specialized systematic review website, was used to screen records. Data extraction, quality appraisal and narrative synthesis were conducted on identified papers.

Data extraction
Thirty-six relevant studies were identified for full review and data extraction. A data extraction template was developed and included sections for the study methodology and the specific enablers identified within each study.

Results of data synthesis
Identified studies were reviewed using a narrative synthesis. Within the 36 articles reviewed, 13 enablers from across organizational, team and individual levels were identified. These enablers were grouped according to five broader themes: priority for patient safety, improvement or learning orientation, support, familiarity with colleagues, status, hierarchy and inclusiveness and individual differences.

Conclusion
This systematic review of psychological safety literature identifies a list of enablers of psychological safety within healthcare teams. This list can be used as a first step in developing observational measures and interventions to improve psychological safety in healthcare teams.
Comparing outcome measures of persons with severe mental illness in vocational rehabilitation programs: a dual perspective of consumers and providers
Authors: Gal Gilad , Shadmi Efrat , Hoter-Ishay Gili , Gelkopf Marc , Roe David 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective
Vocational rehabilitation for people with severe mental illness (SMI) has many benefits. Among the existing models, supported employment has consistently shown to have better impact on vocational outcomes while the findings on non-vocational outcomes are inconsistent. One source of variation with regard to non-vocational outcomes could be related to differences between consumers’ self-reports and the providers’ point of view.

Design
A cross-sectional study of people with SMI consuming three different vocational services and their service providers.

Setting
Data were collected as part of the Israeli Psychiatric Rehabilitation Patient Reported Outcome Measurement project.

Participants
The current data is based on 3666 pairs of people with SMI consuming vocational services and their service providers.

Interventions
Vocational services included supported employment, sheltered workshops and vocational support centers.

Main Outcome Measures
The consumers-filled self-report questionnaires, which consisted of the following patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs): quality of life, functioning and illness management. Primary professional providers were given instruments that mirrored the ones designed for self-report.

Results
According to providers’ ratings, supported employment was associated with higher functioning (F = 78.6, P &lt; 0.001) and illness management (F = 33.0, P &lt; 0.001) compared to other vocational services. PROMs revealed that supported employment was associated with higher functioning only (F = 31.5, P &lt; 0.001). Consumers rated themselves higher compared to providers on all measures.

Conclusions
This study provides a deeper insight into non-vocational outcomes of people with SMI participating in vocational services and suggests differences in perspectives between consumers and providers with regard to outcome measures.
Aztreonam for Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Barbee Lindley A , Golden Matthew R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Ceftriaxone is the only consistently active antimicrobial agent recommended for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Although some new antimicrobials are in development, the necessity to expand treatment options in the near term may require using older drugs that have not been widely used to treat gonorrhoea.

Methods
We conducted a literature review of clinical trials and case series, published from 1983 to 2017, reporting treatment efficacy results following administration of 1 g aztreonam intramuscularly or IV for uncomplicated gonococcal infections. We summed trial data, stratified by anatomical site of infection, and calculated summary efficacy estimates and 95% CI for each site of infection.

Results
The 10 identified clinical trials enrolled 678, 38 and 16 individuals with urogenital, rectal and pharyngeal gonorrhoea, respectively. Aztreonam had an efficacy of 98.6% (95% CI: 97.5%–99.4%) for urogenital, 94.7% (95% CI: 82.3%–99.4%) for rectal and 81.3% (95% CI: 54.4%–96.0%) for pharyngeal gonococcal infections.

Conclusions
Although most clinical trials included in this meta-analysis were conducted &gt;30 years ago, aztreonam appears to have excellent efficacy for urogenital gonorrhoea; its efficacy at extragenital sites remains uncertain.
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression
Authors: Zhou Dan , Dai Sheng-Ming , Tong Qiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, has swept across 31 provinces in China and over 40 countries worldwide. The transition from first symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is highly likely to be due to uncontrolled cytokine release. There is an urgent need to identify safe and effective drugs for treatment. Chloroquine (CQ) exhibits a promising inhibitory effect. However, the clinical use of CQ can cause severe side effects. We propose that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which exhibits an antiviral effect highly similar to that of CQ, could serve as a better therapeutic approach. HCQ is likely to attenuate the severe progression of COVID-19, inhibiting the cytokine storm by suppressing T cell activation. It has a safer clinical profile and is suitable for those who are pregnant. It is cheaper and more readily available in China. We herein strongly urge that clinical trials are performed to assess the preventive effects of HCQ in both disease infection and progression.
Validation of the HAPPI Kids Continuous Age-Specific Pediatric Reference Intervals
Authors: Hoq Monsurul , Matthews Susan , Karlaftis Vicky , Burgess Janet , Donath Susan , Carlin John , Ignjatovic Vera , Monagle Paul 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Introduction
To facilitate best possible patient care, reference intervals (RIs) adopted by a laboratory must be appropriate for the population demographics and, where applicable, the analytical principle and/or the analytical instrument used. While guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) recommend a validation process for discrete RIs, there are no current recommendations for the validation process for continuous RIs. This study aimed to validate recently published, HAPPI Kids continuous RIs, in a routine laboratory.

Methods
Initially, the difference in test results between the primary study laboratory that contributed to previous RIs development and a routine laboratory was assessed using specimens from 77 children tested in both laboratories using the Siemens ADVIA 1800 or Centaur/XP/XPT. Later, validation of the HAPPI Kids RIs was undertaken using 279 pediatric samples tested on the same analyzer type in the routine laboratory. The previously published RIs were validated if more than 90% of results in the routine laboratory were within the RIs.

Results
There was minimal evidence of clinically significant differences in test results between the primary and routine laboratories. The continuous RIs were validated after initial analysis for 16 of the 18 biochemistry analytes tested, and after secondary analysis for the remaining 2 analytes.

Conclusion
This study validates the HAPPI Kids RIs in a routine laboratory, satisfying the laboratory accreditation requirements for evaluation, implementation, and sourcing of RIs. In addition, this study presents a modification of the current CLSI method for validation of continuous RIs that will benefit routine laboratories in general.
A systematic review of mobile health technologies to support self-management of concurrent diabetes and hypertension
Authors: Choi Wonchan , Wang Shengang , Lee Yura , Oh Hyunkyoung , Zheng Zhi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective
This article reports results from a systematic literature review of the current state of mobile health (mHealth) technologies that have the potential to support self-management for people with diabetes and hypertension. The review aims to (a) characterize mHealth technologies used or described in the mHealth literature and (b) summarize their effects on self-management for people with diabetes and hypertension from the clinical and technical standpoints.

Materials and Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Online databases were searched in September 2018 to identify eligible studies for review that had been published since 2007, the start of the smartphone era. Data were extracted from included studies based on the PICOS framework.

Results
Of the 11 studies included for in-depth review, 5 were clinical research examining patient health outcomes and 6 were technology-focused studies examining users’ experiences with mHealth technologies under development. The most frequently used mHealth technology features involved self-management support (n = 11) followed by decision support (n = 6) and shared decision-making (n = 6). Most clinical studies reported benefits associated with mHealth interventions. These included reported improvements in objectively measured patient health outcomes (n = 3) and perceptual or behavioral outcomes (n = 4).

Discussion
Although most studies reported promising results in terms of the effects of mHealth interventions on patient health outcomes and experience, the strength of evidence was limited by the study designs.

Conclusion
More randomized clinical trials are needed to examine the promise and limitations of mHealth technologies as assistive tools to facilitate the self-management of highly prevalent comorbidity of chronic conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension.
Efficient goal attainment and engagement in a care manager system using unstructured notes
Authors: Rosenthal Sara , Das Subhro , Hsueh Pei-Yun Sabrina , Barker Ken , Chen Ching-Hua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective
To improve efficient goal attainment of patients by analyzing the unstructured text in care manager (CM) notes (CMNs). Our task is to determine whether the goal assigned by the CM can be achieved in a timely manner.

Materials and Methods
Our data consists of CM structured and unstructured records from a private firm in Orlando, FL. The CM data is based on phone interactions between the CM and the patient. A portion of the data has been manually annotated to indicate engagement. We present 2 machine learning classifiers: an engagement model and a goal attainment model.

Results
We can successfully distinguish automatically between engagement and lack of engagement. Subsequently, incorporating engagement and features from textual information from the unstructured notes significantly improves goal attainment classification.

Discussion
Two key challenges in this task were the time-consuming annotation effort for engagement classification and the limited amount of data for the more difficult goal attainment class (specifically, for people who take a long time to achieve their goals). We successfully explore domain adaptation and transfer learning techniques to improve performance on the under-represented classes. We also explore the value of using features from unstructured notes to improve the model and interpretability.

Conclusions
Unstructured CMNs can be used to improve accuracy of our classification models for predicting patient self-management goal attainment. This work can be used to help identify patients who may require special attention from CMs to improve engagement in self-management.
Listening and question-asking behaviors in resident and nurse handoff conversations: a prospective observational study
Authors: Kannampallil Thomas , Abraham Joanna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize interactivity during resident and nurse handoffs by investigating listening and question-asking behaviors during conversations.Materials and MethodsResident (n = 149) and nurse (n = 126) handoffs in an inpatient medicine unit were audio-recorded. Handoffs were coded based on listening behaviors (active and passive), question types (patient status, coordination of care, clinical reasoning, and framing and alignment), and question responses. Comparisons between residents and nurses for listening and question-asking behaviors were performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. A Poisson regression model was used to investigate differences in the question-asking behaviors between residents and nurses, and the association between listening and question-asking behaviors.ResultsThere were no significant differences between residents and nurses in their active (18% resident vs 39% nurse handoffs) or passive (88% resident vs 81% nurse handoffs) listening behaviors. Question-asking was common in resident and nurse handoffs (87% vs 98%) and focused primarily on patient status, co-ordination, and framing and alignment. Nurses asked significantly more questions than residents (Mresident = 2.06 and Mnurse = 5.52) by a factor of 1.76 (P &lt; 0.001). Unit increase in listening behaviors was associated with an increase in the number of questions during resident and nurse handoffs by 7% and 12%, respectively.Discussion and ConclusionAs suggested by the Joint Commission, question-asking behaviors were common across resident and nurse handoffs, playing a critical role in supporting resilience in communication and collaborative cross-checks during conversations. The role of listening in initiating question-asking behaviors is discussed.