bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Portable gluten sensors: qualitative assessments by adults and adolescents with coeliac disease
Authors: Wolf R. L. , Vipperman‐Cohen A. , Green P. H. R. , Lee A. R. , Reilly N. R. , Zybert P. , Lebwohl B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPortable gluten sensors are now commercially available to the public, although there is genuine uncertainty within the medical community over whether they should be used for coeliac disease management. The present study described qualitatively the experience of using a portable gluten sensor for 15 adults and 15 adolescents with coeliac disease participating in a 3‐month pilot clinical trial.MethodsParticipants were 30 individuals, aged 13–70 years, with biopsy‐confirmed coeliac disease on a gluten‐free diet. All received a portable gluten sensor and were randomised to low, medium, and high numbers of single‐use capsules. Open‐ended questions addressed likes and dislikes using the portable gluten sensor after 3 months. Major themes were identified and described.ResultsParticipants liked that the portable gluten sensor provided extra assurance to check foods presented as gluten‐free, the convenient size and portability, the added sense of control, and overall peace‐of‐mind. Participants disliked having attention drawn to them when using the sensor and feeling as if they were deterring others from eating. Participants also disliked the physical difficulty associated with using the capsules, questionable accuracy and the inability to test fermented foods. Adults were more enthusiastic about the sensor than adolescents.ConclusionsPositive and negative experiences may be expected when using commercially available portable gluten sensors to help manage coeliac disease. As future versions of this and other gluten sensors become available, it will be important to investigate the relationship between users’ experience with the sensors and long‐term outcomes such as mucosal healing and quality of life.
Respiratory nursing care with Angong Niuhuang pill for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease following cardiac surgery
Authors: Lv Linhua , Zheng Jinping , Zhang Ying , Chen Bijiao , Yan Fengjiao , Qin Xiaomin , Zheng Cuiyu , Wu Zhongkai , Feng Kangni 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimAngong Niuhuang pill (ANP) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) drug widely used for treating stroke. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ANP on respiratory nursing outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients following cardiac surgery.MethodsA total of 80 COPD patients following cardiac surgery were enrolled and randomized into the control group receiving routine postoperative nursing and ANP group additionally receiving ANP treatment for 3 days (n = 40 for both group). The frequency of back percussion, time of back percussion, amount of expectoration, arterial blood gas levels were compared between groups.ResultsCompared to the control group, the ANP group had a significantly shorter daily mean time of back percussion at day 3 (p = .036) and day 7 (p = .014). The daily mean amount of expectoration was higher at day3 (p = .018) but lower at day 7 (p = .043) in the ANP group than in the control group. In addition, the ANP group had significantly higher hemoglobin saturation (SpO2) and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) but lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) at both day 3 and day 7 than the control group (all p < .05). Furthermore, the time of postoperative aerosol inhalations (p = .041), pulmonary infection rate (p = .025) and postoperative hospital stay (p = .036) were significantly reduced in the ANP group. The ANP group had significantly lower TCM symptom scores at day 3 and day 7 after surgery.ConclusionThese results suggested that ANP treatment can effectively promote the postoperative recovery and respiratory nursing outcomes in COPD patients following cardiac surgery.
Drainage of subduction interface fluids into the forearc mantle evidenced by a pristine jadeitite network (Polar Urals)
Authors: Angiboust Samuel , Glodny Johannes , Cambeses Aitor , Raimondo Tom , Monié Patrick , Popov Michael , Garcia‐Casco Antonio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe physical and mechanical processes rooted in the hydrated, serpentinized mantle above subduction zones remain insufficiently explored despite fundamental implications for our understanding of rheology and fluid recycling along subduction interfaces. Through a field‐based investigation, serpentinized peridotites and jadeitite samples from a fossil forearc mantle in the Polar Urals (Russia) are studied here to document fluid–rock interaction processes in the high‐P field, as well as the long‐term evolution of the base of the mantle wedge. Petrographic, geochemical and microstructural observations reveal a complex, protracted evolution of the jadeitite‐forming fluid pathway throughout the gradual cooling of the forearc mantle and increasing serpentinization of the host. It is shown that the jadeitite lenses in the studied locality (a) derive for a large part from a trondhjemitic dyke earlier emplaced in a warm subduction environment, and (b) record the cooling of the subduction hangingwall under high‐P conditions associated with increasing host serpentinization. In the studied locality, the majority of the jadeitites formed at relatively high temperatures (>600°C) by the influx of Na–Al‐rich, slab‐derived metamorphic fluids that were drained along the base of the mantle wedge, parallel to the subduction interface. Changes in bulk‐rock geochemical signatures and in paragenetic sequences also constrain the compositional evolution of the fluid channelized along this drainage, with an increasing sedimentary component. The phlogopite‐bearing walls of the dyke exhibit Rb–Sr and Ar–Ar ages ranging between c. 405 and c. 390 Ma, a range partly overlapping within uncertainty with the previously dated zircons from the jadeitite core (410–⁠400 Ma; U–Pb). This study opens a unique window on the pristine structures formed above the plate interface by melting and fluid–rock interaction in the early subduction stages, as well as their evolution during secular cooling of the base of the mantle wedge.
A nuclear fluorescent dye identifies pericytes at the neurovascular unit
Authors: Mai‐Morente Sandra P. , Marset Virginia M. , Blanco Fabiana , Isasi Eugenia E. , Abudara Verónica 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPerivascular pericytes are key regulators of the blood–brain barrier, vascular development, and cerebral blood flow. Deciphering pericyte roles in health and disease requires cellular tracking; yet, pericyte identification remains challenging. A previous study reported that the far‐red fluorophore TO‐PRO‐3 (642/661), usually employed as a nuclear dye in fixed tissue, was selectively captured by live pericytes from the subventricular zone. Herein, we validated TO‐PRO‐3 as a specific pericyte tracer in the nervous system (NS). Living pericytes from ex vivo murine hippocampus, cortex, spinal cord, and retina robustly incorporated TO‐PRO‐3. Classical pericyte immunomarkers such as chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan neuron‐glial antigen 2 (NG2) and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor beta antigen (PDGFrβ) and the new pericyte dye NeuroTrace 500/525 confirmed cellular specificity of dye uptake. The TO‐PRO‐3 signal enabled quantification of pericytes density and morphometry; likewise, TO‐PRO‐3 labeling allowed visualization of pericytes associated with other components of the neurovascular unit. A subset of TO‐PRO‐3 stained cells expressed the contractile protein α–SMA, indicative of their ability to control the capillary diameter. Uptake of TO‐PRO‐3 was independent of connexin/pannexin channels but was highly sensitive to temperature and showed saturation, suggesting that a yet unidentified protein‐mediated active transport sustained dye incorporation. We conclude that TO‐PRO‐3 labeling provides a reliable and simple tool for the bioimaging of pericytes in the murine NS microvasculature.
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Method to evaluate intravenous maintenance tocolysis for preterm labor
Authors: Yoneda Satoshi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimDespite the lack of evidence‐based medicine, continuous intravenous maintenance tocolysis is the main treatment for preterm labor (PTL) in Japan because it is considered to prolong the gestational period. This treatment needs to be evaluated in more detail, and we herein propose one method to assess maintenance tocolysis using the timing of delivery by PTL patients.MethodsPTL patients (n = 307) were divided into three groups according to delivery weeks of gestation. Group A (severe PTL) delivered at <34 weeks, group B (mild PTL) at 34–37 weeks and group C (cases suspected overtreatment) at ≥38 weeks. The percentages of patients in each group was calculated and clinical characteristics were compared between groups.ResultsThe percentages of patients (%) in groups A, B and C were 33.9, 43.6 and 22.5, respectively. Gestational weeks on admission, maternal white blood cell count and C‐reactive protein, PTL index, fetal fibronectin levels in vaginal secretions, amniotic fluid interleukin‐8 levels, staying at neonatal intensive care unit were significantly different between these three groups by analysis of variance. Furthermore, amniotic fluid interleukin‐8 levels were significantly higher in group B (3.5 [0.1–46.5] ng/mL) than in group C (1.7 [0.1–16.1], P < 0.05).ConclusionsPTL patients were classified according to the prognosis. The ratio of patients in each group represented the severity of PTL and the risk of overtreatment. When this ratio is investigated on a nationwide scale, the use of intravenous maintenance tocolysis or definition of PTL may need to be reconsidered.
Clinical Performance of Posterior Inlay‐Retained and Wing‐Retained Monolithic Zirconia Resin‐Bonded Fixed Partial Dentures: Stage One Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bömicke Wolfgang , Rathmann Friederike , Pilz Maximilian , Bermejo Justo Lorenzo , Waldecker Moritz , Ohlmann Brigitte , Rammelsberg Peter , Zenthöfer Andreas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeTo prospectively compare the clinical performance of posterior inlay‐retained and wing‐retained monolithic zirconia fixed partial dentures (FPDs).Materials and methodsAfter simple randomization, 30 participants received either one inlay‐retained (n = 15; mean age: 56.38 ± 12.70 years; 10 men [66.7%]) or one wing‐retained (n = 15; mean age: 45.90 ±13.24 years; 7 men [46.7%]) FPD. The restorations, which predominantly replaced first molars, were fabricated from translucent, 3 mol% yttria‐stabilized zirconia and attached with self‐etching resin cement. Restorations and abutment teeth were clinically followed up for complications one week and 3, 6, and 12 months after cementation. Plaque and gingival scores, probing pocket depths, and attachment levels were recorded for the abutment and contralateral reference teeth both before treatment and during follow‐up examinations. The restorations were also assessed in accordance with FDI World Dental Federation criteria. Statistical analyses were conducted with R (α = 0.05). An adaptive, 2‐stage study design based on the incidence of failure‐free survival in the groups after 12 months (stage 1) was implemented. Predefined decision rules were used to determine whether further recruitment (stage 2) would enable the detection of a statistically significant difference between the restoration designs with sufficient power.ResultsDuring 12 months, only one wing retainer debonded which required removal of the FPD. Failure‐free survival was thus 93.3% for wing‐retained and 100% for inlay‐retained FPDs (log‐rank test, p = 0.317). Moderate aftercare resulted in intervention‐free rates of 78.8% and 86.7% for inlay‐retained and wing‐retained restorations, respectively (log‐rank test, p = 0.605). Based on FDI World Dental Federation criteria, all restorations were acceptable at the 12‐month follow‐up (Fisher‐Boschloo test, p = 0.161). Plaque, gingival, and periodontal scores remained practically unchanged from before treatment to the 12‐month follow‐up. Recruitment was stopped after stage 1 because, based on the small difference in the incidence of failure‐free survival in the groups, it was accepted that it would not be possible to recruit the necessary number of participants to show a statistically significant difference between the retainer designs.ConclusionsBoth inlay‐retained and wing‐retained monolithic zirconia resin‐bonded FPDs performed well for the 12‐month, short‐term follow‐up period.
Codevelopment of Delinquency, Alcohol Use, and Aggression Toward Peers and Dates: Multitrajectory Patterns and Predictors
Authors: McNaughton Reyes Heathe Luz , Foshee Vangie Ann , Gottfredson Nisha C. , Ennett Susan T. , Chen May S. 
Published: September 2020

We aimed to characterize developmental patterns of involvement in alcohol use, delinquency, and interpersonal aggression in a normative sample of adolescents by applying multitrajectory group‐based modeling. Using seven waves of data from a cohort sequential study spanning the 6th to 12th grades (n = 2,825; 50% girls), we identified four distinct trajectory groups: low risk (33%), declining peer aggressors (44%), peer and dating aggressors (13%), and multidomain high risk (10%). Across all comparisons, girls were more likely than boys to be members of the peer and dating aggressor group and less likely to be members of the multidomain high‐risk group. Moreover, individual (self‐control, negative emotionality), family (family violence, parental monitoring), and peer (substance use norms) distinguished class membership.
Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Moderate and Acute Suicidal Ideation among a National Sample of Tribal College and University Students 2015‐2016
Authors: Parker Myra , Duran Bonnie , Rhew Isaac , Magarati Maya , Larimer Mary , Donovan Dennis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe examined the relationship between suicide risk and disability status, as well as risk and protective factors, adjusting for demographic characteristics, among students attending 22 Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCU; 20 rural and 2 urban) across the United States in fall 2015 and 2016.MethodsTribal college students (N = 3,239) participated in a cross‐sectional online or paper survey assessing alcohol use patterns and mental health outcomes, yielding a response rate of 31.3%.ResultsOf the students surveyed, 8.8% indicated moderate or high suicide risk. Hearing impairment was significantly associated with moderate/high suicide risk (OR = 2.11; 1.24‐3.61, P = .006), as was vision impairment (OR = 3.03; 1.92‐4.77, P < .001), having a physical/mental/or emotional condition (OR = 2.12; 1.75‐2.57, P < .001), experiencing critical appraisal (OR = 1.30; 1.24‐1.36, P < .001), and experiencing critical isolation (OR = 1.83; 1.66‐2.01, P < .001). Scoring high on resilience (OR = 0.93; 0.92‐0.95, P < .001), reporting higher emotional social support (OR = 0.75; 0.70‐0.79, P < .001), and reporting higher levels of instrumental social support (OR = 0.69, 0.62‐0.76, P < .001) were significantly associated with lower suicide risk.ConclusionsStudents attending tribal colleges who experience hearing impairment, sight impairment, or a physical/emotional/mental condition have a greater risk of suicidality. Students experiencing critical appraisal and critical isolation may benefit from behavioral health interventions to reframe these experiences and develop resiliency skills. Developing avenues of emotional and instrumental social support within TCU settings offers key protective factors to buffer the risk of suicidality. Examining additional ways to build resiliency may also offer protection from suicide risk in this population.
Survival and complications in cats treated with subcutaneous ureteral bypass
Authors: Kulendra N. J. , Borgeat K. , Syme H. , Dirrig H. , Halfacree Z. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo report the complications and factors affecting outcome for cats following placement of a subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB™).Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective study, complications, the presence of a urinary tract infection and survival time were recorded following subctutaneous ureteral bypass placement. Factors affecting survival time were assessed using a Kaplan Meier curve and log rank test.ResultsNinety‐five cats had 130 subcutaneous ureteral bypasses placed. Ten cats did not survive to discharge. Forty cats died or were euthanised after discharge (42%); the median survival time of these cats was 530 days (range 7 to 1915). Minor complications occurred in 18 cats (19%) and major complications occurred in 46 cats (48%), the majority of which were after hospital discharge. Twenty‐seven cats were diagnosed with a urinary tract infection (UTI) post‐operatively. A significant association between long‐term survival and creatinine at presentation was identified. The median survival time for cats presenting with creatinine concentration ≥440 μmol/L (International Renal Interest Society stage acute kidney injury (AKI) 4 and 5) was 530 days (95% CI 273–787 days), compared to a median survival time of 949 days (95% CI 655–1243 days; Log Rank P=0.024) for those cats presenting with creatinine <440 μmol/L (International Renal Interest Society stage AKI 1–3).Clinical SignificanceIn this population of cats, subcutaneous ureteral bypass placement was associated with an approximately 10% in‐hospital mortality and a high complication rate. Most complications were manageable, resulting in an overall median survival time of over 2 years.
CT findings in dogs with gastric malposition: 6 cases (2016‐2019)
Authors: White C. , Dirrig H. , Fitzgerald E. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo describe the computed tomographic (CT) findings of gastric malposition in a group of dogs with suspected chronic gastric instability.Materials and MethodsA multicentre retrospective study of CT studies of dogs with abnormal gastric position in the absence of clinical signs referable to gastric dilatation and volvulus.ResultsGastric malposition was identified in six dogs as either an incidental finding or in dogs with histories of chronic and intermittent gastroenteropathy. Gastric malposition was similar in all six cases; the pyloric canal was positioned in the left cranial abdomen in close proximity to the cardia and the pyloric antrum was found either to the left or ventral to the fundus.Clinical SignificanceRecognition of gastric malposition as an incidental or chronic finding may prevent unnecessary emergency intervention on patients presenting for unrelated conditions.
Concordance of disk diffusion, broth microdilution, and whole‐genome sequencing for determination of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica
Authors: Snyder Emily R. , Savitske Bridget J. , Credille Brent C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundExtensive drug resistance (XDR) is an emerging concern with Mannheimia haemolytica, and a variety of testing methods are available for characterizing in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility.ObjectivesTo compare the concordance among disk diffusion, broth microdilution, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) for susceptibility testing of M. haemolytica before and after mass treatment using tulathromycin.AnimalsForty‐eight M. haemolytica isolates collected from high‐risk beef stocker calves before and after mass treatment (metaphylaxis) using tulathromycin (Draxxin, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) given at the label dosage of 2.5 mg/kg body weight SC in the neck.MethodsIn vitro antimicrobial susceptibility was determined for all 48 isolates using disk diffusion, broth microdilution, and WGS. Concordance was calculated between pairs of susceptibility testing methods as follows: number of isolates classified identically by the 2 testing methods for each timepoint, divided by the number of isolates tested at that timepoint. Discordance was calculated as follows: number of isolates classified differently by the 2 testing methods for each timepoint, divided by the number of isolates tested at that timepoint.ResultsConcordance between testing methods ranged from 42.3% to 100%, depending on antimicrobial evaluated, timing of sample collection, and testing method used. Very major errors were identified in up to 7.7% of classifications whereas minor errors were seen in up to 50% of classifications depending on antimicrobial evaluated, timing of sample collection, and testing method used.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOur results show that discrepancies in the results of different susceptibility testing methods occur and suggest a need for greater harmonization of susceptibility testing methods.
Impact of a resistance gene against a fungal pathogen on the plant host residue microbiome: The case of the Leptosphaeria maculans–Brassica napus pathosystem
Authors: Kerdraon Lydie , Barret Matthieu , Balesdent Marie‐Hélène , Suffert Frédéric , Laval Valérie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOilseed rape residues are a crucial determinant of stem canker epidemiology as they support the sexual reproduction of the fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of a resistance gene against L. maculans infection on residue microbial communities and to identify microorganisms interacting with this pathogen during residue degradation. We used near‐isogenic lines to obtain healthy and infected host plants. The microbiome associated with the two types of plant residues was characterized by metabarcoding. A combination of linear discriminant analysis and ecological network analysis was used to compare the microbial communities and to identify microorganisms interacting with L. maculans. Fungal community structure differed between the two lines at harvest, but not subsequently, suggesting that the presence/absence of the resistance gene influences the microbiome at the base of the stem whilst the plant is alive, but that this does not necessarily lead to differential colonization of the residues by fungi. Direct interactions with other members of the community involved many fungal and bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). L. maculans appeared to play a minor role in networks, whereas one ASV affiliated to Plenodomus biglobosus (synonym Leptosphaeria biglobosa) from the Leptosphaeria species complex may be considered a keystone taxon in the networks at harvest. This approach could be used to identify and promote microorganisms with beneficial effects against residue‐borne pathogens and, more broadly, to decipher the complex interactions between multispecies pathosystems and other microbial components in crop residues.