bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on fabricated shear wall structure with energy‐dissipating vertical joint
Authors: Wang Yuliang , Zhang Yumin , Cui Hongjun , Cai Zhanjun , Xu Lixian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBased on the design concept of 'strong horizontal joint and weak vertical joint', an energy‐dissipating fabricated shear wall structure system with a steel damper is proposed. The wall limbs were connected using the damper to realize the rapid assembly and improve the seismic performance of the fabricated shear wall structure. Four fabricated shear wall specimens and one cast‐in‐place comparison specimen were prepared, and a low‐cycle repeated load test was carried out under an axial compression ratio of 0.1. Results show that the fabricated shear wall structure features slightly reduced bearing capacity but obviously improved ductility, and the energy dissipation of the damper improves the seismic performance of the structure. The damper can dissipate energy rapidly, reduce the damage degree of the wall limbs and work stably, suggesting its good performance as a connector.
D‐galactose‐induced toxicity associated senescence mitigated by alpinate oxyphyllae fructus fortified adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Lin Hung‐Jen , Ramesh Samiraj , Chang Yung‐Ming , Tsai Chuan‐Te , Tsai Chin‐Chuan , Shibu Marthandam Asokan , Tamilselvi Shanmugam , Mahalakshmi B. , Kuo Wei‐Wen , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study addresses the effect of D‐galactose‐induced toxicity associated senescence mitigated by alpinate oxyphyllae fructus (AOF; Alpinia oxyphylla Miq) extracts fortified with adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in rats. Male 18 week‐old Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used in this study. We analyzed cardiac fibrosis by Masson's trichrome staining. The tissue sections were dyed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Tissue sections were stained for the restoration of Nrf2 expression in treatment groups by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis showed that AOF with ADMSCs could significantly reduce aging‐induced oxidative stress in D‐galactose‐induced aging rat hearts by inducing Nrf2 pathway. Reduction in ROS resulted in the suppression of inflammatory signals (p‐NF‐κB and IL‐6). Histopathological studies were showed an increased interstitium and collagen accumulation in aging‐induced heart sections. However, AOF and ADMSCs treated hearts were recovered from cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, hypertrophy and fibrosis associated markers were also significantly reduced (P < .05) in treatment groups. We speculate that ADMSCs might activate certain paracrine factors, which could target the upstream activator of aging associated cardiac complications and AOF might provide homing for these stem cells.
Incorporating Multimodal Literacies Into Classroom‐Based Reading Assessment
Authors: Serafini Frank , Moses Lindsey , Kachorsky Dani , Rylak Danielle 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAs literacy researchers continue to investigate how young students make sense of texts, specifically picture books, attention has expanded beyond the role that written language plays in reading comprehension to the various ways that visual images, typography, design elements, and digital devices support and challenge young readers during the act of reading. This article is a description of classroom‐based research that led to the development of an assessment instrument for classroom teachers designed to help teachers observe readers using a variety of semiotic resources to make sense of contemporary picture books. As the texts that young readers encounter continue to evolve from language‐dominant texts to more complex multimodal ensembles, classroom‐based assessments must evolve as well to account for the semiotic resources that young readers use in navigating and comprehending multimodal texts.
Investigation of reduction in risk from antibiotic resistance genes in laboratory wastewater by using O3, ultrasound, and autoclaving
Authors: Lan Lihua , Xie Yinglong , Kong Xianwang , Li Changwei , Liu Dezhao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBiological laboratory wastewater containing both antibiotic‐resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotics is a potential source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Thus, we determined the efficacy of autoclaving, a common disinfection method, in eliminating 5 ARGs (sul1, sul2, tetW, tetM, amp) and the integrase‐encoding gene intI1 from laboratory wastewater. Autoclaving (15 min, 121°C) inactivated all bacteria including ARB, whereas ARGs persisted in the wastewater with limited reduction even after 60 min of treatment. Ozonation (O3), ultrasound (US), O3/US, and autoclaving followed by O3 were investigated for their ability to reduce ARGs in laboratory wastewater. With O3 and O3/US, the reduction rate ranged from 5.44 to 7.13 log for all ARGs investigated. Wastewater treatment with US alone did not reduce ARGs under the present experimental conditions (150 W, 53 kHz). Among the four treatments, autoclaving followed by O3 treatment showed the highest reduction rates in the shortest time; however, further optimization and investigation are needed for the advanced treatment of bio‐laboratory wastewater. Overall, this study provides novel insights into ARG sources and demonstrates that advanced oxidation methods can be useful to optimize laboratory wastewater treatment for ARG inactivation.Practitioner points

Bio‐laboratory wastewater is potential reservoir of ARGs.

Conventional autoclaving was not able to reduce ARGs to a low level.

Autoclaving‐O3 completely eliminate all the bacteria.

Autoclaving‐O3 reduced ARGs efficiently (6.12–7.86 logs removal in 60 min).
Effect of Lure on Detecting Mammals with Camera Traps
Authors: Fidino Mason , Barnas Gabriella R. , Lehrer Elizabeth W. , Murray Maureen H. , Magle Seth B. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTMotion‐triggered camera traps are subject to imperfect detection and thus camera‐trapping surveys often try to increase species detectability as part of the study design. One possible way to increase detectability is to use lures, which may encourage a species to investigate a given area. Yet the effectiveness of lures is primarily grounded in anecdotal support. We quantified the effect of a common olfactory carnivore lure on the detectability of mammals near Chicago, Illinois, USA, during 27 August 2018–25 September 2018. We deployed 2 camera traps per site, spaced apart by 100 m, to assess whether lure can modify detectability both within and between sites. At each camera location, we changed lure treatments every 7 days and placed either a lure or a non‐lure control in view of each camera following a fully crossed design. For analysis, we developed single‐season occupancy models with 3 distinct observational models to quantify whether lure increased the number of days a species was detected, decreased the amount of time to first detection, and increased the number of images collected. Lure induced a subtle change in detectability. Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) responded most to the presence of lure; their daily detection probability rose by roughly 5% and the number of opossum images nearly doubled. However, the effect of lure was often negative for prey species. When lure was present, eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus) daily detection probability decreased by 5% and they were photographed 63% less often. Likewise, eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) arrived 70% later to a camera trap if lure was present and were photographed 14% less. By using multiple criteria, we were able to better understand how wildlife respond to lure while camera‐trapping more thoroughly than would be possible with a single metric. Our results show that lure may not be as effective as expected in terms of increasing detectability, but the choice to use lure should depend on several factors, including the density of the study species, species life history, and the dynamics between the species studied. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Fermentation profiles of the yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis in d‐xylose and l‐arabinose aiming its application as a second‐generation ethanol producer
Authors: da Silva Jackeline Maria , Ribeiro Karol Cristianne , Teles Gilberto Henrique , Ribeiro Ester , de Morais Junior Marcos Antonio , de Barros Pita Will 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis is able to ferment the main sugars used in first‐generation ethanol production. However, its employment in this industry is prohibitive because the ethanol productivity reached is significantly lower than the observed for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. On the other hand, a possible application of B. bruxellensis in the second‐generation ethanol production has been suggested because this yeast is also able to use d‐xylose and l‐arabinose, the major pentoses released from lignocellulosic material. Although the latter application seems to be reasonable, it has been poorly explored. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether or not different industrial strains of B. bruxellensis are able to ferment d‐xylose and l‐arabinose, both in aerobiosis and oxygen‐limited conditions. Three out of nine tested strains were able to assimilate those sugars. When in aerobiosis, B. bruxellensis cells exclusively used them to support biomass formation, and no ethanol was produced. Moreover, whereas l‐arabinose was not consumed under oxygen limitation, d‐xylose was only slightly used, which resulted in low ethanol yield and productivity. In conclusion, our results showed that d‐xylose and l‐arabinose are not efficiently converted to ethanol by B. bruxellensis, most likely due to a redox imbalance in the assimilatory pathways of these sugars. Therefore, despite presenting other industrially relevant traits, the employment of B. bruxellensis in second‐generation ethanol production depends on the development of genetic engineering strategies to overcome this metabolic bottleneck.
Modular Hamiltonians in flat holography and (W)AdS/WCFT
Authors: Apolo Luis , Jiang Hongliang , Song Wei , Zhong Yuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study several aspects of holographic entanglement in two models known as flat3/BMSFT and (W)AdS3/WCFT. These are two examples of holography beyond AdS/CFT where the boundary field theories are not Lorentz invariant but still feature an infinite set of local symmetries. In the first example, BMS-invariant field theories (BMSFTs) are conjectured to provide a holographic description of quantum gravity in asymptotically flat three-dimensional spacetimes; while in the second example, warped conformal field theories (WCFTs) are proposed to describe quantum gravity in warped AdS3 or AdS3 backgrounds with Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions. In particular, we derive the modular Hamiltonian for single intervals in both BMSFTs and WCFTs and find the holographic duals in the bulk using the covariant formulation of gravitational charges. We also extend the first law of entanglement entropy to these models of non-AdS holography and discuss the bound on “modular chaos” introduced recently in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence.
Pure gravity and conical defects
Authors: Benjamin Nathan , Collier Scott , Maloney Alexander 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe revisit the spectrum of pure quantum gravity in AdS3. The computation of the torus partition function will — if computed using a gravitational path integral that includes only smooth saddle points — lead to a density of states which is not physically sensible, as it has a negative degeneracy of states for some energies and spins. We consider a minimal cure for this non-unitarity of the pure gravity partition function, which involves the inclusion of additional states below the black hole threshold. We propose a geometric interpretation for these extra states: they are conical defects with deficit angle 2π(1−1/N), whereNis a positive integer. That only integer values ofNshould be included can be seen from a modular bootstrap argument, and leads us to propose a modest extension of the set of saddle-point configurations that contribute to the gravitational path integral: one should sum over orbifolds in addition to smooth manifolds. These orbifold states are below the black hole threshold and are regarded as massive particles in AdS, but they are not perturbative states: they are too heavy to form multi-particle bound states. We compute the one-loop determinant for gravitons in these orbifold backgrounds, which confirms that the orbifold states are Virasoro primaries. We compute the gravitational partition function including the sum over these orbifolds and find a finite, modular invariant result; this finiteness involves a delicate cancellation between the infinite tower of orbifold states and an infinite number of instantons associated with PSL(2,ℤ) images.
Quantum geometry and θ-angle in five-dimensional super Yang-Mills
Authors: Haouzi Nathan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Five-dimensional Sp(N) supersymmetric Yang-Mills admits a ℤ2 version of a theta angle θ. In this note, we derive a double quantization of the Seiberg-Witten geometry of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 Sp(1) gauge theory at θ = π, on the manifold S1× ℝ4. Crucially, ℝ4 is placed on the Ω-background, which provides the two parameters to quantize the geometry. Physically, we are counting instantons in the presence of a 1/2-BPS fundamental Wilson loop, both of which are wrapping S1. Mathematically, this amounts to proving the regularity of a qq-character for the spin-1/2 representation of the quantum affine algebra $$ {U}_q\left(\hat{A_1}\right) $$

U
q

A
1

̂

, with a certain twist due to the θ-angle. We motivate these results from two distinct string theory pictures. First, in a (p, q)-web setup in type IIB, where the loop is characterized by a D3 brane. Second, in a type I′ string setup, where the loop is characterized by a D4 brane subject to an orientifold projection. We comment on the generalizations to the higher rank case Sp(N) when N > 1, and the SU(N) theory at Chern-Simons level κ when N > 2.
Magnetophonons & type-B Goldstones from hydrodynamics to holography
Authors: Baggioli Matteo , Grieninger Sebastian , Li Li 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We perform a detailed analysis of a large class of effective holographic models with broken translations at finite charge density and magnetic field. We exhaustively discuss the dispersion relations of the hydrodynamic modes at zero magnetic field and successfully match them to the predictions from charged hydrodynamics. At finite magnetic field, we identify the presence of an expected type-B Goldstone boson Re[ω] ∼ k2, known as magnetophonon and its gapped partner — the magnetoplasmon. We discuss their properties in relation to the effective field theory and hydrodynamics expectations. Finally, we compute the optical conductivities and the quasinormal modes at finite magnetic field. We observe that the pinning frequency of the magneto-resonance peak increases with the magnetic field, in agreement with experimental data on certain 2D materials, revealing the quantum nature of the holographic pinning mechanism.
Two-loop HTL-resummed thermodynamics for $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Du Qianqian , Strickland Michael , Tantary Ubaid , Zhang Ben-Wei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe compute the two-loop hard-thermal-loop (HTL) resummed thermodynamic potential for$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM). Our final result is manifestly gauge-invariant and was renormalized using only simple vacuum energy, gluon mass, scalar mass, and quark mass counter terms. The HTL mass parametersmD,MD, andmqare then determined self-consistently using a variational prescription which results in a set of coupled gap equations. Based on this, we obtain the two-loop HTL-resummed thermodynamic functions of$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 SYM. We compare our final result with known results obtained in the weak- and strong-coupling limits. We also compare to previously obtained approximately self-consistent HTL resummations and Padé approximants. We find that the two-loop HTL resummed results for the scaled entropy density is a quantitatively reliable approximation to the scaled entropy density for 0 ≤ λ ≲ 2 and is in agreement with previous approximately self-consistent HTL resummation results for λ ≲ 6.
Interaction among bacterioplankton and macrophytes in shallow lakes with high macrophyte cover
Authors: Szabó-Tugyi Nóra , Tóth Viktor R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGrowth of submerged and emergent macrophytes was studied together with heterotrophic bacterioplankton abundance and production in two Hungarian shallow lakes with dominant macrophyte covers. It was expected that bacterioplankton numbers and activity would have an effect on macrophyte biomass accumulation. Bacterial production and abundance showed a strong seasonal pattern with maximum in the warmest months (July, August). It was found that macrophyte biomass increased with heterotrophic bacterial production and abundance up to 5.6 µg C l− 1 h− 1 and 5.30*106 cells, respectively, while over that value was negatively associated with macrophyte growth. It was also shown that the relationship between heterotrophic bacteria and macrophytes also varied seasonally, showing a multifaceted relationship. It was demonstrated that macrophytes are not only the most significant carbon and energy source for the bacteria in shallow, macrophyte-dominated lakes, but are also competing organisms that could be supressed by excessive bacterial activity. These findings could help better understand the interaction between macrophytes and bacterioplankton, and assist wetland managers in quantifying what may be a primary cause of reed die-back.
GNSS scale determination using calibrated receiver and Galileo satellite antenna patterns
Authors: Villiger Arturo , Dach Rolf , Schaer Stefan , Prange Lars , Zimmermann Florian , Kuhlmann Heiner , Wübbena Gerhard , Schmitz Martin , Beutler Gerhard , Jäggi Adrian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe reference frame of a global terrestrial network is defined by the origin, the orientation and the scale. The origin of the ITRF2014 is defined by the ILRS long-term solution, the orientation by no-net rotation conditions w.r.t. the previous reference frame (ITRF2008), and the scale by the mean values from global VLBI and SLR solution series (Altamimi et al. in J Geophys Res Solid Earth 121:6109–6131, 2016). With the release of the Galileo satellite antenna phase center offsets (PCO) w.r.t. the satellites center of mass (GSA in Galileo IOV and FOC satellite metadata, 2019) and the availability of new ground antenna calibrations for GNSS receivers, based on anechoic chamber measurements or on robot calibrations, GNSS global network solutions qualify to contribute to the scale determination of terrestrial networks, as well. Our analysis is based on global multi-GNSS solutions of the years 2017 and 2018 and may be seen as “proof of concept” for the contribution of GNSS data to the scale determination of the terrestrial reference frame. In a first step, the currently used Galileo PCO estimations (Steigenberger et al. in J Geod 90:773–785, 2016) are compared to the released PCO values, which show discrepancies on the decimeter-level. Eventually, the published Galileo PCOs are used in an experimental solution as known values. GNSS-specific PCOs are estimated, as well, for GPS and GLONASS, together with the “standard” parameters set up in global GNSS solutions. From the estimated network coordinates, a time series of daily scale parameters of the terrestrial network is extracted, which shows an offset of the order of 1 ppb (parts per billion, corresponding to a height difference of 6.4 mm on the Earth’s surface) w.r.t. to the ITRF2014 network and an annual variation with an amplitude of about 0.3 ppb.
Head-to-head comparison of DFO* and DFO chelators: selection of the best candidate for clinical 89Zr-immuno-PET
Authors: Chomet Marion , Schreurs Maxime , Bolijn Maria J. , Verlaan Mariska , Beaino Wissam , Brown Kari , Poot Alex J. , Windhorst Albert D. , Gill Herman , Marik Jan , Williams Simon , Cowell Joseph , Gasser Gilles , Mindt Thomas L. , van Dongen Guus A. M. S , Vugts Danielle J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Almost all radiolabellings of antibodies with 89Zr currently employ the hexadentate chelator desferrioxamine (DFO). However, DFO can lead to unwanted uptake of 89Zr in bones due to instability of the resulting metal complex. DFO*-NCS and the squaramide ester of DFO, DFOSq, are novel analogues that gave more stable 89Zr complexes than DFO in pilot experiments. Here, we directly compare these linker-chelator systems to identify optimal immuno-PET reagents.

Methods
Cetuximab, trastuzumab and B12 (non-binding control antibody) were labelled with 89Zr via DFO*-NCS, DFOSq, DFO-NCS or DFO*Sq. Stability in vitro was compared at 37 °C in serum (7 days), in formulation solution (24 h ± chelator challenges) and in vivo with N87 and A431 tumour-bearing mice. Finally, to demonstrate the practical benefit of more stable complexation for the accurate detection of bone metastases, [89Zr]Zr-DFO*-NCS and [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS-labelled trastuzumab and B12 were evaluated in a bone metastasis mouse model where BT-474 breast cancer cells were injected intratibially.

Results
[89Zr]Zr-DFO*-NCS-trastuzumab and [89Zr]Zr-DFO*Sq-trastuzumab showed excellent stability in vitro, superior to their [89Zr]Zr-DFO counterparts under all conditions. While tumour uptake was similar for all conjugates, bone uptake was lower for DFO* conjugates. Lower bone uptake for DFO* conjugates was confirmed using a second xenograft model: A431 combined with cetuximab. Finally, in the intratibial BT-474 bone metastasis model, the DFO* conjugates provided superior detection of tumour-specific signal over the DFO conjugates.

Conclusion
DFO*-mAb conjugates provide lower bone uptake than their DFO analogues; thus, DFO* is a superior candidate for preclinical and clinical 89Zr-immuno-PET.
Accurate Risk Stratification of Patients with Node‐Positive Gastric Cancer by Lymph Node Ratio
Authors: Nakamura Shunsuke , Kanda Mitsuro , Ito Seiji , Mochizuki Yoshinari , Teramoto Hitoshi , Ishigure Kiyoshi , Murai Toshifumi , Asada Takahiro , Ishiyama Akiharu , Matsushita Hidenobu , Tanaka Chie , Kobayashi Daisuke , Fujiwara Michitaka , Murotani Kenta , Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to clarify the utility of lymph node ratio (LNR) for assessing the prognosis of patients with node‐positive gastric cancer after curative gastrectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data of 973 patients with node‐positive gastric cancer who had undergone curative gastrectomy at nine institutions from 2010 to 2014. Survival analysis was performed by comparing LNR low and high groups according to the optimal cutoff value of LNR, which was determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsLNR high was significantly associated with shorter disease‐free survival and was an independent predictor of recurrence in all patients. Moreover, we obtained the similar results from analysis of each N stage. The prevalence of lymph node and peritoneal recurrence appeared to be higher in the LNR high group. Correlation analysis showed that LNR was negatively correlated with the number of retrieved nodes within every N stage; however, disease‐free survival did not differ significantly between LNR low and high groups of each N stage with 16–30, 31–40, or >40 retrieved nodes.ConclusionsLNR is a strong prognostic factor and predictor of recurrence in patients with node‐positive gastric cancer who have undergone curative gastrectomy. The combination of LNR and N staging permits more accurate prognostic stratification of patients with gastric cancer and may contribute to developing novel prognostic models.