bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marked Disparity in Regional and Transmural Cardiac Mechanics in the Athlete’s Heart
Authors: STEWART GLENN M. , CHAN JONATHAN , KANE GARVAN C. , JOHNSON BRUCE D. , BALMAIN BRYCE N. , YAMADA AKIRA , SHIINO KENJI , HASELER LUKE J. , SABAPATHY SURENDRAN 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Regional heterogeneity of the human heart plays an important role in left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function and may contribute to enhanced myocardial efficiency in the athlete’s heart.

Purpose
This study comprehensively characterized regional and transmural myocardial tissue deformation (strain) in recreationally active (RA) and endurance-trained (ET) men to determine if regional nonuniformity evolves alongside morphological adaptations associated with endurance training.

Methods
Echocardiography was used to measure LV and RV global, regional (apical, mid, basal) and transmural (endocardial, epicardial) longitudinal strain in 30 endurance-trained (ET) (age, 31 ± 2 yr; body mass index, 23.1 ± 0.5 kg·m−2; V˙O2peak, 60.2 ± 6.5 mL·kg−1·min−1) and 30 RA (age: 29 ± 2 yr; body mass index, 23.4 ± 0.4 kg·m−2; V˙O2peak: 42.6 ± 4.6 mL·kg−1·min−1). Nonuniformity was characterized using apex-to-base and transmural (endocardial-to-epicardial) strain gradients.

Results
Global longitudinal strain was similar in ET and RA in the left (−17.4% ± 0.4% vs −17.8% ± 0.5%, P = 0.662) and right ventricle (−25.8% ± 0.8% vs 26.4% ± 1.0%, P = 0.717). The apex-to-base strain gradient was greater in ET than RA in the left (−6.5% ± 0.7% vs −2.7% ± 0.8%, P = 0.001) and right ventricle (−9.6% ± 1.8% vs −3.0% ± 1.6%, P = 0.010). The LV transmural strain gradient was greater than RV in both groups, but similar in ET and RA (−4.7% ± 0.2% vs −4.7% ± 0.2%, P = 0.850), whereas RV transmural strain gradient was greater in ET than RA (−3.4% ± 0.3% vs −1.6% ± 0.4%, P = 0.003). RV apex-to-base and transmural strain gradients correlated with RV end-diastolic area (R = 0.536 & 0.555, respectively, P < 0.01) and V˙O2peak (R = 0.415 & 0.677, respectively, P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Transmural nonuniformity is more pronounced in the left ventricle than the RV free wall; however, RV functional nonuniformity develops markedly after endurance training. Differences in myocardial architecture and exercise-induced wall stress in the left and right ventricles are possible explanations for the marked functional nonuniformity throughout the myocardium and in response to endurance exercise training.
Automated High-Frequency Observations of Physical Activity Using Computer Vision
Authors: CARLSON JORDAN A. , LIU BO , SALLIS JAMES F. , HIPP J. AARON , STAGGS VINCENT S. , KERR JACQUELINE , PAPA AMY , DEAN KELSEY , VASCONCELOS NUNO M. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To test the validity of the Ecological Video Identification of Physical Activity (EVIP) computer vision algorithms for automated video-based ecological assessment of physical activity in settings such as parks and schoolyards.

Methods
Twenty-seven hours of video were collected from stationary overhead video cameras across 22 visits in nine sites capturing organized activities. Each person in the setting wore an accelerometer, and each second was classified as moderate-to-vigorous physical activity or sedentary/light activity. Data with 57,987 s were used to train and test computer vision algorithms for estimating the total number of people in the video and number of people active (in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) each second. In the testing data set (38,658 s), video-based System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) observations were conducted every 5 min (130 observations). Concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and mean absolute errors (MAE) assessed agreement between (1) EVIP and ground truth (people counts+accelerometry) and (2) SOPARC observation and ground truth. Site and scene-level correlates of error were investigated.

Results
Agreement between EVIP and ground truth was high for number of people in the scene (CCC = 0.88; MAE = 2.70) and moderate for number of people active (CCC = 0.55; MAE = 2.57). The EVIP error was uncorrelated with camera placement, presence of obstructions or shadows, and setting type. For both number in scene and number active, EVIP outperformed SOPARC observations in estimating ground truth values (CCC were larger by 0.11–0.12 and MAE smaller by 41%–48%).

Conclusions
Computer vision algorithms are promising for automated assessment of setting-based physical activity. Such tools would require less manpower than human observation, produce more and potentially more accurate data, and allow for ongoing monitoring and feedback to inform interventions.
Isolation and initial propagation of guinea pig adenovirus (GPAdV) in Cavia porcellus cell lines
Authors: Kajon Adriana E. , Li Xiaoxin , Gonzalez Gabriel , Core Susan , Hofmann-Sieber Helga , Leng Shuguang 
Published: March 2020

Background: The lack of adequate in vitro systems to isolate and propagate guinea pig adenovirus (GPAdV), a prevalent cause of respiratory illness of varaible severity in laboratory guinea pig colonies worldwide, has precluded its formal characterization to allow for the development of comprehensive diagnostic assays, and for the execution of complex pathogenesis and basic virology studies. Methods: Two strains of GPAdV were isolated in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) cell cultures from frozen archival infected animal tissue originated from colony outbreaks of pneumonia in Australia and the Czech Republic in 1996. Results: Commercially available guinea pig cell lines from colorectal carcinoma (GPC-16), fetal fibroblast (104-C1) and lung fibroblast (JH4 C1), and the tracheal epithelial cell line GPTEC-T developed in this study were able to support viral infection and early propagation. Sufficient viral DNA was recovered from cell cultures to PCR-amplify and obtain sequence data for the complete hexon gene and partial DNA polymerase and penton base genes. Phylogenetic analysis for the three regions of the genome provided strong evidence confirming GPAdV as a unique species in the genus Mastadenovirus. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the feasibility of propagating GPAdV in cultures of immortalized lines of GP cells of a variety of types, thus establishing a critical foundation for the development of a robust culture platform for virus stock production and titration. The generation and analysis of whole GPAdV genome sequences will provide additional data for a comprehensive description of the genetic organization of the viral genome and for a better assessment of genetic diversity between the two isolated strains.
Identification Sus scrofa and Mus musculus as potential hosts of SARS-CoV-2 via phylogenetic and homologous recombination analysis
Authors: Hu Xiaopeng , Li Weixin , He Zhendan , Zhang Fengxue 
Published: March 2020

Background: Wuhan Huanan seafood wholesale market is highly suspected as the original place for the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 previously. Most studies focus on the livestock being sold in the market, neglecting that the livestock living around the city of Wuhan could also be the original hosts. Methods: First, relative synonymous codon usage was utilized to analyze the potential hosts of SARS-CoV-2; Then cluster SARS-CoV-2 and related coronavirus through the phylogenetic tree. Next, we used Recombination Detection Program to identify the possible recombination region, as well as verifying via Simplot. Results: Related coronavirus from porcine or murine sources may faciliatate the evolution and reorganization of SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions: Overall, to our knowledge, this is the first paper to illustrate that swine and mice could be probable reservoirs for the SARS-CoV-2.
Pollution and Performance: Do Investors Make Worse Trades on Hazy Days?
Authors: Huang Jiekun , Xu Nianhang , Yu Honghai 
Published: March 2020

This paper examines the relation between air pollution and individual investors’ trading behavior and performance. Using unique data on stock trades by 87,504 individuals from 34 cities in China, we find a negative relation between air pollution and trade performance. This result is obtained after controlling for investor-year fixed effects and date fixed effects, as well as local weather conditions. More strikingly, abnormal trade performance decreases monotonically with the levels indicating the severity of air pollution. Furthermore, we find evidence suggesting that air pollution makes investors more susceptible to the disposition effect and attention-driven buying behavior. Overall, the results highlight a hitherto-unexplored cost that ambient air pollution imposes on stock market investors. This paper was accepted by Tylor Shumway, finance.
Social support and satisfaction with antenatal care services among pregnant women in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Ademuyiwa Iyabo Yewande , Farotimi Adekunbi Abosede , Ojo Eunice Abimbola 
Published: March 2020

Background/AimsMaternal and infant mortality remains a major public health challenge in Nigeria. Provision of cognitive support through effective communication with women about their condition or the care required is a critical determinant of satisfaction with maternal care. Effective antenatal care is important in reducing the maternal mortality rate. This study aimed to assess social support and satisfaction with antenatal care services among pregnant women, to improve antenatal care services and birth outcomes.MethodsThis study used a survey research design where 1316 questionnaires were completed by pregnant women across six general hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria. Participants rated their social support when deciding to use antenatal care services and their satisfaction with these services. Regression analysis was used to determine the association between social support and satisfaction with antenatal care services.ResultsThe degree of social support received by pregnant women was very high (average score of 3.51 on a 4-point scale). The level of satisfaction with antenatal care services was also very high (average score of 4.32 on a 5-point scale). Linear regression showed that social support has a significant influence on pregnant women's satisfaction with antenatal care services in Lagos State (r=0.307, P<0.000).ConclusionThe degree of social support was a significant determinant of satisfaction with antenatal care services. It is therefore recommended that social support for women to attend these services is encouraged.
Temporally interleaved optical time-stretch imaging
Authors: Weng Yueyun , Wu Gai , Mei Liye , Wang Qijun , Goda Keisuke , Liu Sheng , Lei Cheng 
Published: March 2020

Optical time-stretch imaging has shown potential in diverse fields for its capability of acquiring images at high speed and high resolution. However, its wide application is hindered by the stringent requirement on the instrumentation hardware caused by the high-speed serial data stream. Here we demonstrate temporally interleaved optical time-stretch imaging that lowers the requirement without sacrificing the frame rate or spatial resolution by interleaving the high-speed data stream into multiple channels in the time domain. Its performance is validated with both a United States Air Force (USAF)-1951 resolution chart and a single-crystal diamond film. We achieve a 101 Mfps 1D scanning rate and 3 µm spatial resolution with only a 2.5 GS/s sampling rate by using a two-channel-interleaved system.
Performance and Clinimetric Properties of the Timed Up From Floor Test Completed by Apparently Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Women
Authors: Moffett Marilyn A. , Avers Dale , Bohannon Richard W. , Shaw Keiba L. , Merlo Angela R. 
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose:
Standing up from the floor is a demanding mobility activity with important implications. The purpose of this study was to describe performance and the clinimetric properties of the Timed Up From Floor (TUFF) test completed by apparently healthy community-dwelling older women.

Methods:
In this observational and methodological quality study, 52 community-dwelling women, 55 years and older, were examined. Convergent and discriminant validities were examined by analyzing the correlations of TUFF test times with other mobility variables and emotional status, respectively. Validity was further examined by comparing TUFF times between age groups and fall risk groups. Interrater reliability of the TUFF test was established by comparing the times obtained by 3 raters observing the same videotaped performances. Test-retest reliability was determined by having the same 3 raters observe videos of the same participants performing the TUFF test during a second session 1 week later.

Results:
The grand mean (SD) TUFF time measured by all testers on the first day was 5.8 (2.9) seconds. Convergent validity was demonstrated by significant negative (P < .001) Spearman correlations between the TUFF test and the Physical Functioning Scale of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) (−0.69), usual gait speed (−0.48), fast gait speed (−0.74), and the 30-second sit-to-stand test (−0.46). Discriminant validity was indicated by a low and nonsignificant correlation (0.17) between the TUFF test and the SF-36 Emotional Well-being Scale. Known-groups validity was supported by a significant difference in the TUFF test times of 2 age groups (P = .02) and 2 fall risk groups (P < .001). The TUFF test was determined to have excellent relative interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] of 0.99) and absolute reliability (minimal detectable change [MDC95%] of 0.8 seconds). Relative test-retest reliability was excellent with ICCs of 0.88 to 0.92. Corresponding MDC95% values were large (2.4-2.8 seconds and 40.7%-45.9%).

Conclusions:
The TUFF test is an informative, reliable, and valid tool suitable for documenting mobility limitations in independent community-dwelling older women. More information regarding responsiveness is required.
Age Moderates Differences in Performance on the Instrumented Timed Up and Go Test Between People With Dementia and Their Informal Caregivers
Authors: Williams Jonathan M. , Nyman Samuel R. 
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose:
The instrumented Timed Up and Go test (iTUG) affords quantification of the subelements of the Timed Up and Go test to assess fall risk and physical performance. A miniature sensor applied to the back is able to capture accelerations and velocities from which the subelements of the iTUG can be quantified. This study is the first to compare iTUG performance between people with dementia (PWD) and their age-matched caregivers. The aims of this study were to explore how age moderates the differences in performance on the iTUG between PWD and their informal caregivers.

Methods:
Eight-three community-dwelling older PWD and their informal caregivers were recruited for this cross-sectional, observational study. Participants were grouped by age: younger than 70 years, 70 to 79 years, and 80 years and older. Participants wore an inertial sensor while performing the iTUG in their home. The performance of the subelements sit-to-stand, walking, and turning were captured through an algorithm converting accelerations and velocities into performance metrics such as duration and peak velocity. Performance for PWD was compared with caregivers for each age-matched group, and multiple regression models incorporating age, gender, and presence or absence of dementia were computed.

Results:
People with dementia took longer to turn in the younger than 70-year group, suggesting this may be an early indicator of functional decline in this age group. People with dementia took longer to complete the whole iTUG compared with caregivers in the 70- to 79-year-old group. In the 80+-year-old group, PWD took longer to complete both walking phases, sit-to-stand, and the full iTUG along with displaying slower turning velocity. Multiple regression models illustrated that gender failed to contribute significantly to the model, but age and presence of dementia explained around 30% of the variance of time to complete walking phases, total iTUG, and turning velocity.

Conclusions:
Differences were evident in performance of the iTUG between PWD and caregivers even after controlling for age. Age moderates the differences observed in performance.
Antibiotic Use and Outcomes in Children in the Emergency Department With Suspected Pneumonia
Authors: Lipshaw Matthew J. , Eckerle Michelle , Florin Todd A. , Crotty Eric J. , Lipscomb Jessi , Jacobs Judd , Rattan Mantosh S. , Ruddy Richard M. , Shah Samir S. , Ambroggio Lilliam 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Antibiotic therapy is often prescribed for suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children despite a lack of knowledge of causative pathogen. Our objective in this study was to investigate the association between antibiotic prescription and treatment failure in children with suspected CAP who are discharged from the hospital emergency department (ED).

METHODS:
We performed a prospective cohort study of children (ages 3 months–18 years) who were discharged from the ED with suspected CAP. The primary exposure was antibiotic receipt or prescription. The primary outcome was treatment failure (ie, hospitalization after being discharged from the ED, return visit with antibiotic initiation or change, or antibiotic change within 7–15 days from the ED visit). The secondary outcomes included parent-reported quality-of-life measures. Propensity score matching was used to limit potential bias attributable to treatment selection between children who did and did not receive an antibiotic prescription.

RESULTS:
Of 337 eligible children, 294 were matched on the basis of propensity score. There was no statistical difference in treatment failure between children who received antibiotics and those who did not (odds ratio 1.0; 95% confidence interval 0.45–2.2). There was no difference in the proportion of children with return visits with hospitalization (3.4% with antibiotics versus 3.4% without), initiation and/or change of antibiotics (4.8% vs 6.1%), or parent-reported quality-of-life measures.

CONCLUSIONS:
Among children with suspected CAP, the outcomes were not statistically different between those who did and did not receive an antibiotic prescription.
Influence of tax burden on economic development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine
Authors: Odintsov Oleg , Yevtukhova Tetiana , Vasylkonova Elina , Kunchenko-Kharchenko Valentyna 
Published: March 2020

The condition of the effective development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine is to increase the efficiency of using resource potential. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the main factors of the development, including the tax burden on the industry. Therefore, it is important to study the impact of the tax burden on the economic performance of the agricultural enterprises. The article deals with the improvement of the traditional two-factor production function of the Cobb-Douglas through the inclusion of the additional factors. The four-factorial production-institutional function of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine has been constructed allowing to calculate econometric parameters and to evaluate the functioning of the industry. The patterns of the interaction of tax burden and economic growth agricultural enterprises in Ukraine are revealed. The calculated econometric parameters of the functioning of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine made it possible to determine the tax loadings points Laffer's of the first and second orders, the productivity of each factor, and the phased replacement of one factor to another. It has been proved that optimizing the tax burden on agricultural enterprises makes it possible to direct the resource potential to increase the agricultural volumes production and increase tax revenues from the industry.
2019 WSGC Intercollegiate Rocket Engineering Competition
Authors: Tollison Chandler R , Guither Adrian , DeVries Christina , Dickler Jane , Taylor Ethan 
Published: March 2020

The Intercollegiate Rocket Engineering Competition is held by the Experimental Sounding Rocket Association every year at Spaceport America, New Mexico. The competition has many categories, and Pioneer Rocketry chose to compete in the 10k COTS category, flying Something Cheesy to an altitude of 10,000 feet on a commercial motor, with a 4 Kg payload. The payload studied the breakdown voltage of air with respect to altitude. Pioneer Rocketry is proud to report that Something Cheesy had a safe and successful flight and recovery. Unfortunately, due to a motor anomaly, Something Cheesy flew short of its 10,000-foot goal. The team is proud to have represented the state of Wisconsin at this international event, winning the “Cheesiest Rocket” award, as well as being runner up for the spirit award.
SILK PRODUCTS AND MARKETING STRATEGY OF A WEAVING INDUSTRY IN ASSAM
Authors: KHAKHLARI PARMITA 
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study: The present paper attempts to trace the development of the weaving industry in Sualkuchi in the Kamrup district of Assam and tries to understand the organizational structure of the Sualkuchi weaving Industry. The paper also tries to identify the avenues of silk products and their marketing.
Methodology: In the present research work, an exploratory research design has been adopted. For the primary data, the respondents were selected using purposive sampling and were administered with an interview schedule. Secondary data are collected from Government reports, books, journals and so on.
Main Findings: The products produced are mainly used for commercial purposes only. As the handloom industry of Sualkuchi is not thoroughly organized and marketing agencies are diverse, the majority of the weavers rely on middlemen to sell their finished products. A sense of professionalism among the weavers and artisans, creation of facilities for easy and quick marketing of hand-woven products is necessary. The unusual sudden price rise in yarn brings untold misery to the industry in the area as production is against advance orders at a predetermined price. There is a need to innovate designs to capture the global market.
Applications: This research work can be used by students, academicians, policymakers and also government agencies for the upliftment and development of small scale industries.
Novelty/Originality: The study provides new insight into the problem which might help in formulating policies and programs for the development of this industry, which is technically not always possible. Sociological insights must be made to the existing program for development.
THE EFFECT OF USING POSSE STRATEGY IN TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT COMPREHENSION READING SKILLS AMONGST SIXTH GRADERS
Authors: Mohamad Alyatim Tareq , Muin (Al-Haj sa'id) Ismail Wail , Azhar bin Zailani Muhammad , Muhammad Al Saadi Ala 
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study: This study aims to measure the effectiveness of using P.O.S.S.E strategy in the development of teaching to improve reading comprehension skills for sixth-grade students.
Methodology: The procedure used is an experimental method based on Stratified Sampling which consists of 43 students divided into two groups – a control group of 21 students and an experimental group of 22 students- and a lesson plan was designed as a tool.
Main Findings: The outcomes of the study indicated that the POSSE strategy has a positive effect on the development of reading comprehension skills over its five levels among the representative sample of sixth graders.
Applications of this study: It is an essential reference in the development of teaching and training teachers to adapt to the P.O.S.S.E strategy for teachers, student educators.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The result of this study is consistent with previous studies, which investigated the efficacy of POSSE strategy on the development of reading comprehension skills.