bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reference Genome Assembly for AustralianAscochyta rabieiIsolate ArME14
Authors: Shah Ramisah Mohd , Williams Angela H , Hane James K , Lawrence Julie A , Farfan-Caceres Lina M , Debler Johannes W , Oliver Richard P , Lee Robert C 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAscochyta rabiei is the causal organism of ascochyta blight of chickpea and is present in chickpea crops worldwide. Here we report the release of a high-quality PacBio genome assembly for the Australian A. rabiei isolate ArME14. We compare the ArME14 genome assembly with an Illumina assembly for Indian A. rabiei isolate, ArD2. The ArME14 assembly has gapless sequences for nine chromosomes with telomere sequences at both ends and 13 large contig sequences that extend to one telomere. The total length of the ArME14 assembly was 40,927,385 bp, which was 6.26 Mb longer than the ArD2 assembly. Division of the genome by OcculterCut into GC-balanced and AT-dominant segments reveals 21% of the genome contains gene-sparse, AT-rich isochores. Transposable elements and repetitive DNA sequences in the ArME14 assembly made up 15% of the genome. A total of 11,257 protein-coding genes were predicted compared with 10,596 for ArD2. Many of the predicted genes missing from the ArD2 assembly were in genomic regions adjacent to AT-rich sequence. We compared the complement of predicted transcription factors and secreted proteins for the two A. rabiei genome assemblies and found that the isolates contain almost the same set of proteins. The small number of differences could represent real differences in the gene complement between isolates or possibly result from the different sequencing methods used. Prediction pipelines were applied for carbohydrate-active enzymes, secondary metabolite clusters and putative protein effectors. We predict that ArME14 contains between 450 and 650 CAZymes, 39 putative protein effectors and 26 secondary metabolite clusters.
Digitalisation of Professional Education: Prospects and Invisible Barriers
Authors: Andryukhina L. M. , Sadovnikova N. O. , Utkina S. N. , Mirzaahmedov A. M. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Nowadays, digital education is one of the priorities of state policy in modern Russia. The Federal Institute for the Development of Education has developed a draft didactic concept of digital education to maximise the potential of digital technology (DT) in vocational training. Nevertheless, while policymakers and education managers are aware of the need to move to a new level of digital technology implementation, there are challenges to this process. The technological resources of educational environment have been increasing intensively in the past decade, and their intensive scientific and pedagogical development is observed. However, little attention is given to the willingness of teachers to work with continuously evolving technological tools.The aimof the research is to identify the barriers, which hinder the professional development of teachers in mastering information and communications technologies (ICT) and digital technologies, as well as some mental attitudes circulating in the society and slowing down the process of digitalisation of vocational education.Methodology and research methods. The present research is based on personal-context and personal-development approaches. In the course of experimental research and two pilot studies, teachers and specialists of professional educational organisations were interviewed (n = 187 people). The methods of questionnaire-based survey, sociological analysis, statistical data-processing tools and Google Forms tools were used.Results and scientific novelty. On the basis of the outcomes of the conducted surveys, the following aspects were analysed: the degree of teachers’ skills formation declared in the professional standard; willingness to implement e-learning, expand the range of ICT and GT included in teaching practice; respondents’ attitudes towards the digitalisation of education and their self-recognition in this process. Clear and invisible obstacles to the process under discussion are identified and sistematised. The found barriers are classified into risk, image and didactic barriers. The recommendations to overcome the barriers are proposed. According to the authors of the present article, it is advisable to introduce a new specialty “digital engineer-teacher” due to the obvious integration of pedagogical and engineering functions into the activities of teachers. Working in one team consisted of a specialist, who designs an effective teaching environment, and a teacher-didactist, will reduce a part of unjustified functional workload of the latter.Practical significance. The materials of the undertaken research have significant implications for further development of perceptions of the essence and content of digital didactics; justification and formation of optimal conditions for digitalisation of vocational education, including psychological and pedagogical adjustment of the system of training and retraining of pedagogical and managerial personnel for the digital economy.
Influencia de la Educación Nutricional sobre la Adopción de Preferencias Alimentarias en Estudiantes de Gastronomía
Authors: Anaya García Sugey Elena 
Published: April 2020

Los universitarios requieren un acompañamiento en educación nutricional, que les permita mantener buenos hábitos alimenticios. Esta investigación, evalúa la influencia que ejerce la educación nutricional sobre las preferencias alimentarias de los estudiantes de gastronomía, comparados con los estudiantes que no cuentan con este tipo de formación. Para ello, se emplea una muestra de 72 estudiantes de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Medellín, Colombia a los cuales se les aplica un instrumento con datos acerca de: la frecuencia de consumo de alimentos, número de comidas ingeridas a diario, horarios de alimentación, lugares de consumo alimentario diferentes al hogar, entre otros. Se encuentra que los estudiantes incluyen más en su alimentación carnes, huevos y leguminosas secas. De manera contraria, frutas y verduras no ocupan un lugar importante en sus prácticas alimentarias. Además, no se encuentran diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos de estudiantes comparados. Se concluye que el nivel de conocimiento en educación nutricional que tenga un individuo, no es sinónimo de prácticas alimentarias saludables
Pengaruh Hemodialisis terhadap Fungsi Diastolik Ventrikel Kiri pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Stadium V
Authors: Rahadian Rifqi , Hermansyah Yuli , Sudarmanto Yohanes , Suryono Suryono 
Published: April 2020

Stage V chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients need renal replacement therapy. Hemodialysis is main choice for renal replacement therapy and correlates with changes of left ventricular function. Left ventricular diastolic function is one parameter of left ventricular function. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of hemodialysis towards left ventricular diastolic function in stage V CKD patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This study included 30 patients (17 female, age 48,20±8,02 years) and underwent echocardiography 30 min before and after a hemodialysis session. Sample characteristics were divided into sex, age, duration of hemodialysis, blood pressure before and after hemodialysis. Diastolic function was measured with E/E’ ratio. Diastolic function criteria of 16 samples (53,5%) were normal (E/E’ ratio <10) after doing a hemodialysis session. Mean ratio E/E’ was significantly reduced (13,09±4,55 vs 11,6±5,04, p<0,05). In conclusion, hemodialysis could increase left ventricular diastolic function in stage V CKD patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember.
LAJU INFILTRASI PADA DANAU BEKAS TAMBANG ALLUVIAL YANG DIPENGARUHI KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT FISIK TANAH
Authors: Norfadilah Isnaini , Dwiatmoko Marselinus Untung , Novianti Yuniar Siska 
Published: April 2020

Studi mengenai area danau bekas tambang alluvial dalam hubungannya dengan karakteristik sifat fisik tanah terhadap laju infiltrasi merupakan hal yang penting. Hal ini disebabkan karena area danau bekas tambang alluvial adalah area yang komposisi tanahnya merupakan tumpukan tanah bekas penambangan sebelumnya dan hal ini tidak menguntungkan jika lokasi bekas tambang alluvial untuk kontruksi bangunan, sehingga sering dihindari untuk membangun sesuatu kontruksi di atas danau bekas tambang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sifat fisik karakteristik dan laju infiltrasi tanah yang ada di area bekas tambang alluvial.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian lapangan dan metode pengujian di laboratorium. Pengukuran laju infiltrasi di lapangan menggunakan double ring infiltrometer dengan perhitungan laju infilltrasi menggunakan metode Horton sedangkan Karakteristik sifat fisik tanah yang diuji di laboratorium adalah kadar air tanah, berat jenis tanah, berat volume tanah, ukuran butir tanah dan permebalitas tanah.Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa laju infiltrasi dan karakteristik sifat fisik tanah yang dihasilkan pada setiap lokasi memberikan angka yang berbeda. Dimana semakin halus tekstur tanah nya maka nilai laju infiltrasi akan semakin kecil begitupun sebaliknya semakin kasar tekstur tanahnya maka nilai laju infiltrasi akan semakin besar. Danau bekas tambang alluvial di lokasi Danau Seran memiliki laju infiltrasi sebesar 158,178 cmh-1 dengan kelas tekstur tanah pasir sedangkan di Danau Galuh Cempaka memiliki laju infiltrasi sebesar 110,27 cmh-1dengan kelas tekstur tanah pasir lempung. Laju infiltrasi di kedua lokasi menunjukkan korelasi yang positif yaitu Danau Seran memiliki laju infiltrasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Danau Galuh Cempaka hal ini disebabkan oleh tekstur tanah dilokasi Danau Seran yang berbutir kasar dan memiliki porositas yang lebih tinggi sehingga kemampuan tanah untuk meloloskan air aatu menyerap air akan semakin besar dibandingkan dengan di lokasi yang tekstur tanahnya lempung yang memiliki porositas kecil sehingga lambat untuk meloloskan air atau menyerap air. Hal inilah yang menyebabkan laju infiltasi di Danau Seran lebih tinggi dibandingkan Danau Galuh Cempaka. Kata-kata kunci: Laju Infiltrasi, Karakteristik Sifat Fisik Tanah, Danau Bekas Tambang Alluvial.
Longterm renal outcome of biopsy-proven acute tubular necrosis and acute interstitial nephritis
Authors: Kim Hyunseo , Kyung Sang , Ahn Shin Young , Kwon Young Joo , Lee Hajeong , Oh Jieun , Chin Ho Jun , Lim Ki Joon , Lee Jun Yong , Yang Ji Hyun , Kim Myung-Gyu , Cho Won Yong , Oh Sewon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Proteome Profile Changes During Poly-hydroxybutyrate Intracellular Mobilization in Gram Positive Bacillus cereus tsu1
Authors: LI HUI , O’Hair Joshua , Thapa Santosh , Bhatti Sarabjit , Zhou Suping , Yang Yong , Fish Tara , Thannhauser Theodore W. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Bacillus cereus is a bacterial species which grows efficiently on a wide range of carbon sources and accumulates biopolymer poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) up to 80% cell dry weight. PHB is an aliphatic polymer produced and stored intracellularly as a reservoir of carbon and energy, its mobilization is a key biological process for sporulation in Bacillus spp. Previously, a B. cereus tsu1 was isolated and cultured on rapeseed cake substrate (RCS), with maximum of PHB accumulation reached within 12 h, and depleted after 48 h. Fore-spore and spore structure were observed after 24 h culture. Results Quantitative proteomic analysis of B. cereus tsu1 identified 2,952 quantifiable proteins, and 244 significantly changed proteins (SCPs) in the 24h-12h pair of samples, and 325 SCPs in the 48h-12h pair of samples. Based on gene ontology classification analysis, biological processes enriched only in the 24h:12h SCPs include purine nucleotide metabolism, protein folding, metal ion homeostasis, response to stress, carboxylic acid catabolism, and cellular amino acid catabolism. The 48h:12h SCPs were enriched into processes including carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and formation of translation ternary structure. A key enzyme for PHB metabolism, poly(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid synthase (PhaC, KGT44865) accumulated significantly higher in 12h-culture. Sporulation related proteins SigF and SpoEII were significantly higher in 24h-samples. Enzymes for nitrate respiration and fermentation had more accumulation in 48h-culture. Conclusions Changes in proteome of B. cereus tsu1 during PHB intracellular mobilization were characterized in this study. The key enzyme PhaC for PHB synthesis increased significantly after 12h-culture which supports the highest PHB accumulation at this time point. The protein abundance level of SpoIIE and SigF also increased, correlating with sporulation in 24h-culture. Enzymes for nitrate respiration and fermentation were significantly induced in 48h-culture which indicates the depletion of oxygen at this stage and carbon flow towards fermentative growth. Results from this study provide insights into proteome profile changes during PHB accumulation and reuse, which can be applied to achieve a higher PHB yield and to improve bacterial growth performance and stress resistance.
The gut bacterial diversity of sheep associated with different breeds in Qinghai province
Authors: Chang Jianjun , Yao Xiaoting , Zuo Chenxiang , Qi Yuxu , Chen Dekun , Ma Wen-Tao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Gut microbiota play important roles in their co-evolution with mammals. However, little is understood about gut bacterial community of Tibetan sheep compared with other sheep breeds. In this study, we investigated the gut bacterial community in 4 different sheep breeds living in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) of China using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technique. Results: The results suggested that bacterial community abundance and breeds diversity of Tibetan sheep (TS) were significantly lower than that of the other three breeds of sheep [Dorset sheep (DrS), Dorper sheep (DrS) and Small Tail Han sheep (STHS)] (p < 0.05). Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis indicated that microbiome composition of TS was significantly different from that of other three sheep breeds (p < 0.01). Firmicutes was the most predominant microbial phylum in the gut, followed by Bacteroidetes. The gut bacterial community of TS showed higher proportions of phylum Spirochaetes, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, compared to the other three sheep breeds, but the Deferribacteres was lacked in TS. At the genus level, Treponema, Succinivibrio, 5-7N15 and Prevotella showed significantly higher abundance in TS than in the other three sheep breeds (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In this study, we first employed HTS to fully understand the gut microbiomes among different sheep breeds in QTP of China.
A National Survey of Private-Sector Outpatient Care of Sick Infants and Young Children in Nepal
Authors: Ban Bharat , Hodgins Steve , Thapa Pranita , Thapa Surakschha , Joshi Deepak , Dhungana Adhish , KC Anjana , Guenther Tanya , Adhikari Shilu , Scudder Elaine , Ram Pavani 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous research has documented that across South Asia, as well as in some countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, the private sector is the primary source of outpatient care for sick infants and children and, in many settings, informal providers play a bigger role than credentialed health professionals (particularly for the poorer segments of the population). This is the case in Nepal. This study sought to characterize medicine shop-based service providers in rural areas and small urban centers in Nepal, their role in the care and treatment of sick infants and children (with a particular focus on infants aged <2 months), and the quality of the care provided. A secondary objective was to characterize availability and quality of such care provided by physicians in these settings.Methods: A nationally representative sample of medicine shops was drawn, in rural settings and small urban centers in Nepal, from 25 of the 75 districts in Nepal, using multi-stage cluster methodology, with a final sample of 501 shops and 82 physician-run clinics. Face-to-face interviews were conducted.Results: Most medicine shops outside urban areas were not registered with the Department of Drug Administration (DDA). Most functioned as de facto clinics, with credentialed paramedical workers (having 2-3 years of training) diagnosing patients and making treatment decisions. Such a role falls outside their formally sanctioned scope of practice. Quality of care problems were identified among medicine shop-based providers and physicians, including over-use of antibiotics for treating diarrhea, inaccurate weighing technique to determine antibiotic dose, and inappropriate use of injectable steroids for treating potentially severe infections in young infants.Conclusions: Medicine shop-based practitioners in Nepal represent a particular type of informal provider; although most have recognized paramedical credentials, they offer services falling outside their formal scope of practice. Nevertheless, given the large proportion of the population served by these practitioners, engagement to strengthen quality of care by these providers and referral to the formal health sector is warranted.
Factors associated with seeking post-abortion care among women in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Wang Hui , Liu Yan , Xiong Ribo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: In China, the vast majority of induced abortions are performed in public hospitals. However, post-abortion care (PAC) services are provided through the national network of family planning clinics, which are independent of the health care system. The integration of PAC services into abortion clinics in public hospitals is a new concept. This study aimed to assess PAC utilization among abortion patients, and identify the possible factors associated with PAC uptake in Guangzhou, China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 431 women aged 15-43 years in Tianhe district of Guangzhou, China from June to September 2018. We estimated multivariate logistic regression model to examine the factors associated with utilization of PAC services. Results: Less than half (42%) of the participants used PAC services. Married women were 2.7 times significantly more likely to use PAC services than their unmarried counterparts. Immigrants were 52% significantly less likely to use PAC services than non-immigrants. Women who perceived that their fertility could return later and those who did not know were 45% and 61% significantly less likely to use PAC compared to those who knew that their fertility could return soon after an abortion. Women with limited decision-making autonomy regarding contraceptive use were 54% significantly less likely to use PAC services than those who made such decisions themselves.Conclusions: The findings suggest the need for policies and programs to not only strengthen the provision of PAC services but also promote uptake among disadvantaged sub-groups of women in the study setting.
Impact of elastic ankle exoskeleton stiffness on neuromechanics and energetics of human walking across multiple speeds
Authors: Nuckols Richard W. , Sawicki Gregory S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Elastic ankle exoskeletons with intermediate stiffness springs in parallel with the human plantarflexors can reduce the metabolic cost of walking by ~7% at 1.25 m s -1 . In a move toward ‘real-world’ application, we examined whether the unpowered approach has metabolic benefit across a range of walking speeds, and if so, whether the optimal exoskeleton stiffness was speed dependent. We hypothesized that, for any walking speed, there would be an optimal ankle exoskeleton stiffness - not too compliant and not too stiff - that minimizes the user’s metabolic cost. In addition, we expected the optimal stiffness to increase with walking speed. Methods: Eleven participants walked on a level treadmill at 1.25, 1.50, and 1.75 m s -1 while we used a state-of-the-art exoskeleton emulator to apply bilateral ankle exoskeleton assistance at five controlled rotational stiffnesses (k exo = 0, 50, 100, 150, 250 Nm rad -1 ). We measured metabolic cost, lower limb joint mechanics, and EMG of muscles crossing the ankle, knee, and hip. Results: Metabolic cost was significantly reduced at the lowest exoskeleton stiffness (50 Nm rad -1 ) for assisted walking at both 1.25 (4.2%; p = 0.0162) and 1.75 m s -1 (4.7%; p = 0.0045). At these speeds, the metabolically optimal exoskeleton stiffness provided peak assistive torques of ~0.20 Nm kg -1 that resulted in reduced biological ankle moment of ~12% and reduced soleus muscle activity of ~10%. We found no stiffness that could reduce the metabolic cost of walking at 1.5 m s -1 . Across all speeds, the non-weighted sum of soleus and tibialis anterior activation rate explained the change in metabolic rate due to exoskeleton assistance ( p < .05; R 2 > 0.56). Conclusions: Elastic ankle exoskeletons with low rotational stiffness reduce users’ metabolic cost of walking at slow and fast but not intermediate walking speed. The relationship between the non-weighted sum of soleus and tibialis activation rate and metabolic cost (R 2 > 0.56) indicates that muscle activation may drive metabolic demand. Future work using simulations and ultrasound imaging will get ‘under the skin’ and examine the interaction between exoskeleton stiffness and plantarflexor muscle dynamics to better inform stiffness selection in human-machine systems.
Diagnostic Performance of APRI and FIB-4 for Confirming Cirrhosis in Indonesian HIV/HCV Co-infected Patients
Authors: Yunihastuti Evy , Wicaksana Bramantya , Wiraguna Andrian , Hidayah Ainum Jhariah , Amelia Fhadilla , Natali Veritea , Widhani Alvina , Sulaiman Andri Sanityoso , Kurniawan Juferdy 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background After successful of antiretroviral therapy, highly effective direct acting antiviral (DAA) make HCV elimination reasonable in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. However, in achieving this target, there are still barriers to start DAA treatment, particularly in the area of liver fibrosis assessment that determine the duration of therapy. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of APRI and FIB-4 for diagnosing cirrhosis in HIV/HCV co-infected patients using hepatic transient elastography (TE) as gold standard.Method This is a retrospective study on HIV/HCV co-infected patients who concomitantly performed hepatic TE measurement, APRI, and FIB-4 evaluation before HCV treatment initiation at a tertiary hospital in Jakarta from 2014 to 2019. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of indirect biomarkers for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 12.5 kPa was determined by receiver operator characteristics curves. Results 223 HIV/HCV co-infected patients on stable antiretroviral therapy were included, of whom 91.5% were male with mean age of 37 (SD 5) years. Only 28.7% of patients were classified as cirrhosis (F4). Using TE as gold standard (≥12.5 kPa), the low threshold of APRI (1) had specificity 95%, sensitivity 48.4%, correctly classified 81.6% of patients, with moderate performance, AUC at 0.72 (95% CI 0.63-0.80). The optimal cut-off of FIB-4 was 1.66 [specificity 92.5%, sensitivity 53.1%, AUC at 0.73 (95% CI 0.65-0.81)] and correctly classified 81.1% of the patients.Conclusion APRI score > 1 and FIB-4 score > 1.66 had moderate performance with high specificity in diagnosing cirrhosis. These biochemical markers could be used while TE is not available.