bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventional Radiology Management of Renal Pseudoaneurysms: Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Gorsi Ujjwal , Soundararajan Raghuraman , Jugpal Tejeshwar Singh , Lal Anupam , Shetty Sreedhara B , Kalra Naveen , Kang Mandeep , Sandhu Manavjit Singh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectives Renal pseudoaneurysms are multifactorial in origin, and angioembolization remains the mainstay of treatment. Few case reports have also described percutaneous embolization using glue or thrombin. Our study aimed to evaluate the predictors of active bleed by analyzing their etiology, morphology, imaging features, and treatment adopted. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest such study done in India.Methods This was a retrospective study of patients treated for renal pseudoaneurysms between 2014 and 2019. We reviewed their clinical data, treatment modalities used, and clinical outcomes. We also assessed computed tomography angiography (CTA) and conventional angiography images.Results A total of 79 patients (54 males and 25 females) were included in the study. The mean age was 39.5 years (range 15–83 years). The most common cause was renal biopsy, followed by surgery. Of these, three patients (3.9%) had more than one lesion and 57% of pseudoaneurysms were seen in lower polar arteries. Active contrast extravasation was seen in 15.2% (n = 12) of the patients and 21.5% (n = 17) showed lobulations in CT and digital substraction angiography. The mean size of the pseudoaneurysms was 1.17 cm (SD 0.7); 22.8% of pseudoaneurysms were wide necked. The embolization was approached by endovascular (89.9%), percutaneous (10.1%), or both (1.3%) routes. Embolization was performed using microcoils (78.5%), gel foam (12.7%), N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue (8.9%), polyvinyl alcohol (8.9%), and thrombin (5.1%) either as a single agent or in combination. The technical success was achieved in all cases after the first procedure. Pseudoaneurysms with a wide neck (p = 0.03) and lobulations (p = 0.002) were associated with active contrast extravasation. Episodes of rebleeding were seen at a younger age (p-value = 0.02).Conclusion Minimally invasive methods remain the cornerstone in the management of renal pseudoaneurysms with high success rates. The morphology of pseudoaneurysms can help predict the risk of active bleeding and decide the type of intervention. Direct percutaneous injection into the aneurysm sac is an alternate technique and should be considered when an endovascular approach is challenging.
Practical Ethical Approaches for Common Issues in Pediatric Epilepsy
Authors: Lancaster Cheryl 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this commentary is to provide clinicians with the tools needed (or, at least, knowledge of where to find them) to navigate the often-turbulent seas of medical ethics. The cases described and questions asked in this issue are not only relevant to pediatric epilepsy but also typical of quandaries faced frequently by health care professionals (HCPs). By examining these cases and extrapolating the ethical questions raised, the clinician will find that there are several ethical approaches that can be taken and may lead to a variety of ways forward. However, by employing the ideas highlighted in this commentary, it is my hope that HCPs will be able to identify these various points of view, evaluate their options, and act in ways that are ethically justifiable.
“You can’t say that”
Authors: Otsri Magi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Why does our moral intuition tend to differ when a person uses deprecating speech towards her own affiliation group as
opposed to an outer affiliation group? This paper offers a descriptive mapping of moral intuitions behind group self-deprecation (GSD) as
stemming from two theoretical fields: pragmatics and standing. The first possible explanation to our moral intuition focuses on the moral
flaw in the utterance of condemned (i.e., the person using GSD). Here, I argue our moral intuition suggests the group
affiliation of the condemned affects the utterance’s pragmatic interpretation, thus affecting its offensiveness. An alternative explanation
focuses on the critic. Here, I argue practices of standing lay behind the offhand rejection of critiques from outer-group
members, regardless of their validity.
Maji ssu ka? Isn’t that honorific?
Authors: Akagi Nobuaki , Bryce Mio , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Japanese honorifics used by younger generations are dynamic sites of tensions and discrepancies due to disagreeable conceptions and interpretations among different generations and social groups. It has become a social issue in modern Japanese society often described as keigo no midare ‘disorder in honorific’. This article examines the increased use of ssu by young Japanese speakers as a substitution of the polite form copular desu. This honorific expression plays a role as a relatively new polite form to convey ambivalent emotions to express respect and concurrently their desire to seek affinity and engagement. By analysing Japanese fictions, popular cultures and online-blog comments on the use of ssu, we demonstrate diversity in the social perception of this new honorific.
Analyzing interdiscursivity in legal genres
Authors: Ren Wei , Bhatia Vijay K. , Han Zhengrui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The traditional simplistic understanding of legal genre as homogeneous texts of legalese is recently confronted by
researches focusing on the contextual aspects of legal communication, i.e. the production, circulation, and consumption of legal genres in
diverse institutional contexts (Candlin and Maley 1997; D’hondt and Van Der Houwen 2014). It is, according to these researches, more reasonable to think of legal genres as a hybrid
combining the operation of different heterogeneous discourses. This article takes the broad contextual perspective, draws on the theory of
critical genre analysis (Bhatia 2016) and attempts to explore the discursive heterogeneity in one of the Chinese legal genres – the lawyers’
defense opinions. Both textual and interpretative analysis are conducted in order to identify specific discourses that underline Chinese
lawyers’ preparation of defense opinions, and to look at how Chinese lawyers linguistically construct the different discourses to fulfill
the ultimate purpose of justifying the defendant’s actions.
Enhanced understanding of poleward migration of tropical cyclone genesis
Authors: Shan Kaiyue , Yu Xiping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The known trends of poleward migration for the tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in both hemispheres are discussed from different perspectives. It is shown that the poleward migration rate of the annually averaged latitude of TC genesis in the Northern Hemisphere is significantly affected by the regional variations of TC number in recent decades, especially an increase in the North Atlantic Ocean and a decrease in the western North Pacific Ocean. The poleward migration rates of TC genesis in the two hemispheres get closer when the effect of the regional TC number variation is excluded. The poleward migration of TC genesis without the effect of regional TC number variation is found to have a good correlation with the poleward shift of the edges of the tropics in both hemispheres. A decreasing trend of the cyclonic vorticity in the lower-troposphere over the tropical ocean regions is also identified in both hemispheres, which leads to a poleward shift of the equatorward boundary for TC genesis. The poleward migration of TC genesis after the effect of regional TC number variation is excluded and can thus be considered as a result of the tropical expansion. It is shown that the genesis of TCs with a different intensity has a different migration rate. When excluding the effect of the regional TC number variation, the poleward migration of TCs with a different intensity has a similar trend in both hemispheres. The tropical storms and intense typhoons have significant poleward migration trends, while the weak typhoons behave differently.
Fabrication and in-vitro experimental study on an implantable controlled drug delivery system with micro-hole for zero-order release
Authors: Gao Yang , Chen Lei , Huo Yaguang , Xu Chao , Li Suli , Yang Laixia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Drug delivery is essential for effective therapy. Implantable controlled drug delivery systems (ICDDS) have become a research focus due to the associated advantages of continuous, long-duration, sustained delivery and the reduced side effects associated with this form of drug release. ICDDS can be designed to release drugs in accordance with different demands. Zero-order drug release, which involves a theoretically linear relationship between the cumulative amount of released drug and the amount of time taken for the release, is an important drug release rule for the control of chronic diseases. However, the release process is influenced by various parameters and zero-order drug release is therefore difficult to achieve. In this study, to achieve zero-order drug release, an implantable controlled drug delivery system with micro-hole (ICDDSM) was designed and fabricated with degradable polymer. Based on micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, ICDDSM matrixes with circular and honeycomb structures were fabricated using the hot-press shaping method at a temperature of 75 °C, 30 N of force which were maintained for 150 s. A micro-hole with a diameter 100 μm was formed using a femto-second laser. 5-fluorouracil was loaded into the ICDDSM and in-vitro experiments were conducted in 37 °C normal saline solution. The experimental results showed that the 20 mg of loaded 5-fluorouracil was released in 720 h with the relationship between the cumulative amount of released drug and the drug release time tending predominantly toward linearity. Zero-order drug release was thus achieved. This study proposed a new degradable ICDDS structure to achieve zero-order drug release, and the hot-press shaping process proved feasible for the efficient fabrication of the lower-cost polymer structure.
Optimization, characterization and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles against plant bacterial pathogens phyto-synthesized by Mentha longifolia
Authors: Javed Bilal , Nadhman Akhtar , Mashwani Zia-ur-Rehman 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The present study involves the Phyto-synthesis of the colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their applications to biologically control plant bacterial pathogens. The synthesis of AgNPs was monitored by measuring the absorbance and a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band was observed at 450 nm. The different reaction conditions such as the temperature, incubation period, the concentration of the silver salt and the pH were optimized using the factorial design of the experiment for the better yield and the synthesis of AgNPs. The microscopic results showed that the AgNPs are anisotropic and nearly spherical and exist in the size range of ∼20–100 nm while the EDX analysis confirmed the presence of the elemental Ag. The x-ray diffraction pattern confirmed that the AgNPs are crystalline. The hydrodynamic diameter of AgNPs has measured in the range of ∼13–35 nm and the average size of a single particle was 15.55 nm. The ability of the AgNPs to biologically control the plant bacterial pathogens was measured in terms of antibacterial activity against gram-negative pathogenic bacterial strains; Pectobacterium carotovorum, Xanthomonas oryzae, Xanthomonas vesicatoria and Ralstonia solanacearum and potential antimicrobial activity were observed between 2–12 μg ml−1. The biocompatibility studies revealed that the AgNPs are highly biocompatible (LD100 208 μg ml−1) against RBCs. These findings endorse the applications of AgNPs to biological control the plant bacterial pathogens and the consumption of the plants treated with NPs is biocompatible for the humans.
Optimization on heat-transfer coefficient of plate heat exchanger using MWCNT-TiO2 nanofluid by response surface methodology
Authors: Alqahtani Abdullah Saleh , Alenazy Wael Mohammad , Pandiaraj Saravanan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this present study, MWCNT-TiO2 hybrid nanocomposite synthesized by solvothermal synthesis method with TiCl4 as a precursor. Then the hybrid nanocomposite based nanofluid produced using base fluid water/Ethylene-glycol (50:50). The microscopic techniques like SEM, TEM and XRD were used to characterize the morphological studies of synthesized MWCNT-TiO2. The heat-transfer coefficient of synthesized nanofluid inside the Plate Heat Exchanger (PHE) has experimented at selected levels of particle concentrations, inlet temperature and volume flow rate by RSM based Box-Behnken method. The findings revealed a more substantial linear effect at the heat-transfer coefficient of MWCNT-TiO2 hybrid nanofluid by chosen process parameters. ANOVA results showed that the heat-transfer coefficient of hybrid nanofluid considerably enhanced at a selected higher level of particle concentration and volume flow rate of the MWNCT-TiO2 hybrid nanofluid. At the same time, the heat-transfer coefficient decreased at a higher level of inlet temperature of MWNCT-TiO2 hybrid nanofluid. The optimization result compared with the confirmatory experiments, and it yielded less than 1% error which ensures a better agreement with the predicted results.
Assessment of high-k gate stacked In2O5Sn gate recessed channel MOSFET for x-ray radiation reliability
Authors: Kumar Ajay 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This work reports the effect of x-ray radiation on In2O5Sn based Transparent Gate Recessed Channel (TGRC) MOSFET with the high-k dielectric at the sub-20 nm regime. Reliability of TGRC-MOSFET with a high-k dielectric in harsh radiation environment (x-ray radiation in the 1k to 10k rad dose range after irradiation) is the main aim of this analysis using TCAD simulation. Results reveal that HfO2 as a gate stack on SiO2 improves the device reliability and enhances the drain current, hole trap density, threshold voltage shift, and radiation sensitivity as compared to Al2O3 and ZrO2 gate stack with 1k rad to 10 k rad radiation doses. Trap/de-trap model has been used for interface charging as well as insulator along with the electron-hole pair generation and recombination. Further, the thermal effect on threshold voltage and sensitivity has also been evaluated. Results suggest that the proposed device with a high-k dielectric is more reliable in the x-ray radiation environment at the sub 20 nm scale. This device finds enormous applications in the clinical and space environment along with signal amplification and a processing circuit.
Quantum computing model of an artificial neuron with continuously valued input data
Authors: Mangini Stefano , Tacchino Francesco , Gerace Dario , Macchiavello Chiara , Bajoni Daniele 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Artificial neural networks have been proposed as potential algorithms that could benefit from being implemented and run on quantum computers. In particular, they hold promise to greatly enhance Artificial Intelligence tasks, such as image elaboration or pattern recognition. The elementary building block of a neural network is an artificial neuron, i.e. a computational unit performing simple mathematical operations on a set of data in the form of an input vector. Here we show how the design for the implementation of a previously introduced quantum artificial neuron [npj Quant. Inf.
5, 26], which fully exploits the use of superposition states to encode binary valued input data, can be further generalized to accept continuous- instead of discrete-valued input vectors, without increasing the number of qubits. This further step is crucial to allow for a direct application of gradient descent based learning procedures, which would not be compatible with binary-valued data encoding.
Normalization of absorbed energy and pressure in laser-induced breakdown in mono-atomic and molecular gases according to incident laser energy and initial pressure
Authors: Rudz Steve , Flaugere Robin , Wartel Maxime , Pellerin Stéphane , Hanus Jean-Luc 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In laser-induced breakdown experiments, the absorbed energy is one of the first measured parameters. For a given optical configuration and incident energy, the measured absorbed energy depending on pressure always exhibits a similar curve for the tested gases: argon, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and air. This work presents an empirical modelling to predict the pressure dependence of the absorbed energy in mono-atomic and molecular gas efficiently. The first series of experiments, involving Ar, N2 and CO2, presents its efficiency over pressure from 50 to 2400 mbar and incident laser energies from ∼15 to ∼135 mJ. The second series presents the effectiveness of this modelling on air. All experiments are conducted with a Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm and a focal radius of 4.23 μm.
First Reports of Vespa mandarinia (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in North America Represent Two Separate Maternal Lineages in Washington State, United States, and British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Wilson Telissa M , Takahashi Junichi , Spichiger Sven-Erik , Kim Iksoo , van Westendorp Paul 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn September 2019, destruction of a Vespa mandarinia Smith 1852 nest was reported for the first time in North America in Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada. In December 2019, the Washington State Department of Agriculture also confirmed the first detection of an adult specimen of V. mandarinia in the United States, in Whatcom County, Washington. Vespa mandarinia is the largest hornet species and is a known predator of several insects, including the European honey bee (Apis mellifera) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) (Linnaeus, 1758). The establishment of V. mandarinia in North America poses a serious threat to apiculture, and this species is considered an actionable quarantine pest. Here we report details of the first detection of this species in the United States and use genetic sequence data obtained from five specimens across the globe to estimate differences in origin of the Canadian and U.S. detections. The full mitochondrial genomes of four V. mandarinia specimens representing different geographic locations were sequenced and compared with an existing reference genome. A maximum likelihood tree using 13 protein-coding regions from mitochondrial DNA suggests that the Canada and U.S. specimens are from two separate maternal lineages. A large-scale survey is currently underway to assess the level of Asian giant hornet establishment in both countries and to determine the future direction of eradication efforts.
Corneocyte Nanotexture as Biomarker for Individual Susceptibility to Skin Irritants
Authors: Rüther Lars , Kezic Sanja , Riethmüller Christoph 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Irritant contact dermatitis is a wide spread occupational skin condition. In addition to generalized protection and teaching schemes, a knowledge about individual risk might add to an improved awareness for hazards. Here, we report on a novel candidate biomarker, which might stage individual susceptibility to irritant skin damage. Subclinical sensitivity was proven in recent studies. As a nano-anatomical measure, it works non-invasively on corneocytes from tape strips. Here, we report on a 7-day course after exposure to sodium lauryl sulphate and compare the novel cell texture index with the classical markers water loss (transepidermal water loss) and natural moisturizing factor. All parameters show a high degree of correlation.
Attitudes, Concerns, and Expectations of Consumers of Aesthetic Medicine and Surgery During the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Online Survey
Authors: Melfa Fabrizio , Bovani Bruno , Cirillo Pierfrancesco , Tretti Clementoni Matteo , Gennai Alessandro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As a consequence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency, Italian physicians working in the field of aesthetic medicine and surgery considered appropriate to stop their activity in order to preserve patients’ safety. This drastic measure obviously had an important impact on the medical aesthetic market causing growing concerns. To catch the current attitudes of the Italian consumers toward the aesthetic medicine and surgery, a medical advisory board devised an online survey; 216 clinicians finally participated in this survey and sent the online link through e-mail. A total of 8080/8640 (93.5%) questionnaires were returned, while 70 were removed. Approximately 49.0% (n = 3944) did not feel influenced in their desire for aesthetic treatments in spite of the pandemic emergency. Being influenced was not correlated with the uneven situation experienced on the Italian territory (r = −0.30, P = 0.196); 45.4% (n = 3636) declared to be ready for rescheduling their visit, and 60.5% (n = 4844) declared that they want to allocate the same amount of resources as before. The most missed aesthetic treatment was the face (71.1% [n = 5696]). Approximately 47.0% (n = 3759) and 46.0% (n = 3679) will come back to their physician without any request or with the need for an explanation about the security protocols, respectively. Approximately 40% (n = 3314) declared that their physical appearance affects their mood fairly, 27.0% (n = 2168) strongly or very strongly, and 71.3% (n = 5708) declared physical and/or psychological decline. Looked at together, the results give us some optimistic predictions, and, therefore, the authors are confident that their patients will come back to their clinics without any particular issues. However, ensuring patient safety must be our paramount task.
Extraordinary sperm to egg ratios in seabirds
Authors: Hemmings Nicola , Birkhead Tim R 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Following copulation, females of many seabird species spend a prolonged period of time away from the colony, building up reserves for egg formation and incubation. Here, we report that the number of sperm associated with eggs of single-egg clutch seabirds was almost an order of magnitude greater than predicted from the relationship between ovum size and sperm numbers in multi-egg clutch non-seabirds. Sperm numbers were also several times greater than the estimated number necessary for maximal fertilization success. Our results are consistent with 3 unusual features of seabird reproduction: (1) single-egg clutches, (2) prolonged sperm storage, and (3) a lag period between the end of yolk formation and ovulation. We hypothesize that sperm release from storage is under precise temporal control in these species, with high sperm numbers acting as an insurance against infertility in single-egg clutches. If true, the lag period may have evolved to provide sufficient time for sperm to be released simultaneously from storage and accumulate at the site of fertilization prior to ovulation.