bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of employee affective and cognitive trust in leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour and organisational commitment: Meta-analytic findings and implications for trust research
Authors: Fischer Sarah , Hyder Shannon , Walker Arlene 
Published: February 2020

Trust is a contemporary topic, as society is losing trust in prominent institutions. Understanding trust in the workplace is critical, yet, a consensus around trust as unidimensional or multidimensional has not emerged in the literature. Some measure trust globally, while others measure its dimensions. This article builds on organisational trust research by exploring the relationships between a model of trust multidimensionality and organisational citizenship behaviour, organisational commitment and its facets. Findings from this meta-analysis of 11 studies indicated that trust dimensions have different strengths of relationship with organisational citizenship behaviour and commitment. Although the number of studies included is small, similar meta-analyses are considered valuable and worth exploring for the purpose of theory development. In the context of inconsistent trust definition and measurement, these findings support confirmation that trust is a multidimensional construct. JEL Classification: L2
Screw and Sheath Tibial Fixation Associated With a Higher Likelihood of Deep Infection After Hamstring Graft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Hurvitz Andrew P. , Prentice Heather A. , Funahashi Tadashi T. , Maletis Gregory B. 
Published: February 2020

Background: Hamstring autograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions (ACLRs) have exhibited higher infection rates compared with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) autograft. The reason for this observed difference is unclear, warranting investigation. Purpose: To evaluate the association between tibial fixation, either with or without a sheath and screw construct, and the risk of deep infection after hamstring autograft ACLR, using BPTB autograft as a reference group for comparison. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Using the Kaiser Permanente ACLR Registry, we identified all primary isolated, unilateral, single-bundle ACLRs with a BPTB or hamstring autograft (January 1, 2008, to September 30, 2016). The exposure groups included the following: (1) BPTB ACLR, (2) hamstring ACLR using a screw and sheath construct for tibial fixation (HS with screw and sheath), and (3) hamstring ACLR using a method other than a screw and sheath construct for tibial fixation (HS without screw and sheath). We used logistic regression to evaluate the likelihood of 90-day postoperative deep infection using BPTB autograft as the reference group and adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index. The number needed to be exposed (NNE) was calculated. Results: Of 15,671 ACLRs, 6745 (43.0%) used a BPTB graft, 2852 (18.2%) used HS with screw and sheath tibial fixation, and 6074 (38.8%) used HS without screw and sheath tibial fixation. There were 38 (0.2%) 90-day deep infections: 11 (0.2%) for BPTB, 14 (0.5%) for HS with screw and sheath, and 13 (0.2%) for HS without screw and sheath. Staphylococcus aureus for the BPTB group and Staphylococcus epidermidis in both hamstring groups were the most common infecting organisms. HS with screw and sheath had a higher likelihood of 90-day deep infection compared with BPTB ACLR (odds ratio [OR], 2.87; 95% CI, 1.29-6.38). We failed to observe a difference for HS without screw and sheath compared with BPTB ACLR (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.54-2.77). The NNE was 330 and 2701 for HS with and HS without screw and sheath, respectively. Conclusion: Although the overall infection rate after ACLR is low, the higher likelihood of infections when sheath and screw combined are used for tibial fixation of a hamstring autograft ACLR should be a consideration when this procedure is performed.
Impact of Completing CLEFT-Q Scales That Ask About Appearance on Children and Young Adults: An International Study
Authors: Klassen Anne F. , Dalton Louise , Goodacre Timothy E. E. , Harman Karen E. , Slator Rona , Tsangaris Elena , Courtemanche Douglas J. , Goldstein Jesse , Allen Gregory C. , Mahony Aisling O. , Riff Karen W. Y. Wong 
Published: February 2020

Objective: To describe the impact of completing the CLEFT-Q appearance scales on patients with cleft lip and/or palate and to identify demographic and clinical characteristics and CLEFT-Q scores associated with reporting a negative impact. Design: International cross-sectional survey. Setting: Recruitment took place between October 2014 and November 2016 at 30 craniofacial clinics located in 12 countries. Patients: Aged 8 to 29 years with cleft lip and/or palate. Main Outcome Measure(s): Participants were asked 4 questions to evaluate the impact of completing the field test version of a patient-reported outcome measure (the CLEFT-Q) that included 154 items, of which 79 (51%) asked about appearance (of the face, nose, nostrils, teeth, lips, jaws, and cleft lip scar). Results: The sample included 2056 participants. Most participants liked answering the CLEFT-Q (88%) and the appearance questions (82%). After completing the appearance scales, most participants (77%) did not feel upset or unhappy about how they look, and they felt the same (67%) or better (23%) about their appearance after completing the questionnaire. Demographic and clinical variables associated with feeling unhappy/upset or worse about how they look included country of residence, female gender, more severe cleft, anticipating future cleft-specific surgeries, and reporting lower (ie, worse) scores on CLEFT-Q appearance and health-related quality-of-life scales. Conclusion: Most participants liked completing the CLEFT-Q, but a small minority reported a negative impact. When used in clinical practice, CLEFT-Q scale scores should be examined as soon as possible after completion in order that the clinical team might identify patients who might require additional support.
Centralization impact and cost-saving study in a Moroccan hospital’s centralized unit of chemotherapy preparation
Authors: Adade Casimir A , Benabbes Majda , Belahcen Mohammed J , Rahali Younes 
Published: February 2020

Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the cost saved and the amount of drug wasted when compounding anticancer drugs in the centralized unit for chemotherapy preparation. A secondary objective was to estimate the centralization impact of activities related to the preparation of chemotherapies. Methods This was a two-month, single-centre, prospective study conducted at the National Oncology Institute in Rabat. The cost saved and the amount of drug wasted were calculated using a standardized data collection sheet (the prescribed dose, the amount of drug deployed, the amount remaining after compounding, the amount of drug saved and the drug wastage). The centralization impact was calculated using the amount of drug wasted in the centralized unit for chemotherapy preparation and a theoretical amount of drug wasted without centralization of preparation. Results During the study period, the total amount of drug saved was 249,959.5 mg (7.2% of drug used), which represented 96,657 USD. The amount of drug wasted was 89,290.5 mg or 42275.5 USD. The drug waste per dilution and per drug was 6.4 mg [1.6-16.1]. While the potential savings over one year (580,000 USD) reached 13.9% of the cytostatic drugs budget for 2018, the potential drug waste cost reached 6.1%. The centralization impact is estimated at an average of 79.5% ± 13.7% waste reduction. Conclusion The outcome of our study showed that the grouping of prescriptions in centralized unit for chemotherapy preparation could result in significant savings on the amount of drugs deployed. The centralization of cytostatic preparations is of economic interest.
Prospective evaluation of drug–drug interactions in ambulatory cancer patients initiated on prophylactic anticoagulation
Authors: Ng Hank K , Rogala Britny G , Ades Steven , Schwartz Joanna R , Ashikaga Takamaru , Vacek Pamela , Holmes Chris E 
Published: February 2020

Introduction Drug options for VTE prophylaxis are increasing for ambulatory cancer patients and data regarding anticoagulant-drug interactions and their relationship to VTE and bleeding are needed to improve care. Methods Over one year, 108 cancer patients with high VTE risk were prospectively identified. Potential anticoagulant-drug interactions were ascertained by chart review and graded on need for intervention. Providers selected anticoagulant prophylaxis based on potential drug interactions and patient-provider discussion. A cross-sectional analysis was performed thereafter to evaluate VTE and bleeding endpoints within one year of anticoagulant initiation. Results The average number of potential drug interactions per patient was higher for warfarin than others (3.04 vs. 1.28 (apixaban), 1.02 (rivaroxaban), and 0.98 (LMWH)). The severity of the interactions based on grade was, for apixaban: 1.6% grade X, 50.8% grade D, and 47.5% grade C; for rivaroxaban: 2.1% grade X, 64.9% grade D, 33.0% grade C; for LMWH, 0% grade X, 66.7% grade D, 33.3% grade C; and for warfarin, 0% grade X, 29.4% grade D, 70.6% grade C. At the end of the investigational period, 11 bleeds and 7 VTEs were reported. Drug combinations significantly associated with an increased bleeding risk were crizotinib with apixaban or rivaroxaban and PPIs with warfarin. The use of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim with warfarin was associated with an increased VTE risk. Conclusions DOACs had fewer DDIs than warfarin, although interaction severity differed between anticoagulants. Some anticoagulant-drug interactions were associated with bleeding or VTE. Although not powered for analysis, DDI severity did not affect bleeding rates and inversely correlated with VTE risk.
Experience With Ceftolozane-Tazobactam for the Treatment of Serious Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in Saudi Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Bosaeed M , Ahmad A , Alali A , Mahmoud E , Alswidan L , Alsaedy A , Aljuhani S , Alalwan B , Alshamrani M , Alothman A 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates have multiple resistance mechanisms, and there are insufficient therapeutic options to target them. Ceftolozane-tazobactam is a novel antipseudomonal agent that contains a combination of an oxyimino-aminothiazolyl cephalosporin (ceftolozane) and a β-lactamase inhibitor (tazobactam). Methods: A single-center retrospective observational study between January 2017 and December 2018 for patients who had been diagnosed with carbapenem-resistant P aeruginosa infections and treated with ceftolozane-tazobactam for more than 72 hours. We assessed clinical success based on microbiological clearance as well as the clinical resolution of signs and symptoms of infection. Results: A total of 19 patients fit the inclusion criteria, with a median age was 57 years, and 53% were female. The types of infections were nosocomial pneumonia, acute bacterial skin, and skin structure infections; complicated intra-abdominal infections; and central line–associated bloodstream infections. All of the isolates were resistant to both meropenem and imipenem. The duration of therapy was variable (average of 14 days). At day 14 of starting ceftolozane-tazobactam, 18 of 19 patients had a resolution of signs and symptoms of the infection. Only 14 of 19 patients (74%) had proven microbiological eradication observed at the end of therapy. During therapy, there was no adverse event secondary to ceftolozane-tazobactam, and no Clostridium difficile infection was identified. The 30-day mortality rate was 21% (4/19). Conclusions: Multidrug-resistant P aeruginosa infection is associated with high mortality, which would potentially be improved using a new antibiotic such as ceftolozane-tazobactam. Studies are required to explain the role of combination therapy, define adequate dosing, and identify the proper duration of treatment.
Effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on the nociceptive responses of substantia gelatinosa neurons in the rat spinal cord dorsal horn: An in vivo patch-clamp analysis
Authors: Inada Yosuke , Funai Yusuke , Yamasaki Hiroyuki , Mori Takashi , Nishikawa Kiyonobu 
Published: February 2020

Background Volatile anesthetics suppress noxiously evoked activity in the spinal dorsal horn, which could contribute in part to analgesia, immobility. Modulation of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in substantia gelatinosa neurons could lead to the suppression of dorsal horn activity; however, this phenomenon has not yet been investigated fully. Methods In urethane-anesthetized rats, extracellular activity of dorsal horn neurons (action potentials) and excitatory/inhibitory postsynaptic currents in substantia gelatinosa neurons were recorded using extracellular and in vivo patch-clamp techniques, respectively, to assess the spontaneous and the noxious-evoked activity. Sevoflurane or desflurane at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2 minimum alveolar concentration was administered by inhalation. Hot- and cold-plate tests were performed to assess nociceptive responses during the inhalation of volatile anesthetics at lower anesthetic doses (0.1–0.5 minimum alveolar concentration). Results At anesthetic doses (1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentration), both sevoflurane and desflurane decreased the frequency of action potentials in the dorsal horn and the activities of excitatory postsynaptic currents in substantia gelatinosa neurons during pinch stimulation and decreased the activities of spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. Inhibition of the frequencies was more prominent than that of amplitudes in spontaneous and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents at these anesthetic doses. However, at subanesthetic doses (0.1 and 0.2 minimum alveolar concentration), desflurane facilitated action potentials and excitatory postsynaptic currents. Inhibitory postsynaptic currents were inhibited by both anesthetics at anesthetic doses (1 and 2 minimum alveolar concentration). Hot- or cold-plate tests showed hyperalgesic effects of desflurane at subanesthetic doses (0.1 and 0.2 minimum alveolar concentration) and a dose-dependent analgesic effect of sevoflurane. Conclusions Sevoflurane and desflurane at anesthetic doses suppressed dorsal horn activity mainly via inhibition of excitatory postsynaptic currents in substantia gelatinosa neurons, which would contribute to their analgesic properties. Presynaptic mechanisms were likely in excitatory postsynaptic currents inhibition. Desflurane but not sevoflurane may have a hyperalgesic effect at subanesthetic doses.
Impact of a Concha Bullosa on Nasal Airflow Characteristics in the Setting of Nasal Septal Deviation: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis
Authors: Li Lifeng , Zang Hongrui , Han Demin , Ramanathan Murugappan , Carrau Ricardo L. , London Nyall R. 
Published: February 2020

Background A concha bullosa (CB) of the middle turbinate is frequently observed on the nondeviated side of patients with a nasal septal deviation (NSD). However, the impact of the CB on nasal airflow characteristics in patients with NSD has been incompletely defined. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a CB in patients with NSD on nasal airflow characteristics using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Methods Twenty patients with NSD and a unilateral CB of the middle turbinate on the nondeviated side (study group) were recruited. Another 20 patients with NSD without the formation of a CB (control group) were also enrolled. Using CFD, the maximal airflow velocity, nasal resistance, maximal wall shear stress, and minimal temperature in the bilateral nostrils of each group were assessed. Moreover, the volume of the nasal tract, surface area-to-volume ratio, and the total nasal resistance were compared between the study and control groups. Results In the study group, no significant differences of airflow dynamics between the bilateral nasal cavities were observed. In the control group, however, there were statistically significant differences for maximal airflow velocity, nasal resistance, maximal wall shear stress, and minimal airflow temperature between the bilateral nostrils. The surface area-to-volume ratio and total nasal resistance in the study group was significantly higher and the nasal volume was significantly decreased than that in the control group. Conclusion CB of the middle turbinate on the nondeviated side of patients with NSD rendered airflow characteristics more evenly distributed between the bilateral nostrils as assessed by CFD. From an aerodynamics perspective, a CB may represent a compensatory action to normalize airflow dynamics. However, a CB may also result in constriction of the ipsilateral nasal cavity.
Exercise intolerance and fatigue in chronic heart failure: is there a role for group III/IV afferent feedback?
Authors: Angius Luca , Crisafulli Antonio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Exercise intolerance and early fatiguability are hallmark symptoms of chronic heart failure. While the malfunction of the heart is certainly the leading cause of chronic heart failure, the patho-physiological mechanisms of exercise intolerance in these patients are more complex, multifactorial and only partially understood. Some evidence points towards a potential role of an exaggerated afferent feedback from group III/IV muscle afferents in the genesis of these symptoms. Overactivity of feedback from these muscle afferents may cause exercise intolerance with a double action: by inducing cardiovascular dysregulation, by reducing motor output and by facilitating the development of central and peripheral fatigue during exercise. Importantly, physical inactivity appears to affect the progression of the syndrome negatively, while physical training can partially counteract this condition. In the present review, the role played by group III/IV afferent feedback in cardiovascular regulation during exercise and exercise-induced muscle fatigue of healthy people and their potential role in inducing exercise intolerance in chronic heart failure patients will be summarised.
Immune profile differences between chronic GVHD and late acute GVHD: results of the ABLE/PBMTC 1202 studies
Authors: Schultz Kirk R. , Kariminia Amina , Ng Bernard , Abdossamadi Sayeh , Lauener Madeline , Nemecek Eneida R. , Wahlstrom Justin T. , Kitko Carrie L. , Lewis Victor A. , Schechter Tal , Jacobsohn David A. , Harris Andrew C. , Pulsipher Michael A. , Bittencourt Henrique , Choi Sung Won , Caywood Emi H. , Kasow Kimberly A. , Bhatia Monica , Oshrine Benjamin R. , Flower Allyson , Chaudhury Sonali , Coulter Donald , Chewning Joseph H. , Joyce Michael , Savasan Sureyya , Pawlowska Anna B. , Megason Gail C. , Mitchell David , Cheerva Alexandra C. , Lawitschka Anita , Azadpour Shima , Ostroumov Elena , Subrt Peter , Halevy Anat , Mostafavi Sara , Cuvelier Geoffrey D. E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Human graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) biology beyond 3 months after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is complex. The Applied Biomarker in Late Effects of Childhood Cancer study (ABLE/PBMTC1202, NCT02067832) evaluated the immune profiles in chronic GVHD (cGVHD) and late acute GVHD (L-aGVHD). Peripheral blood immune cell and plasma markers were analyzed at day 100 post-HSCT and correlated with GVHD diagnosed according to the National Institutes of Health consensus criteria (NIH-CC) for cGVHD. Of 302 children enrolled, 241 were evaluable as L-aGVHD, cGVHD, active L-aGVHD or cGVHD, and no cGVHD/L-aGVHD. Significant marker differences, adjusted for major clinical factors, were defined as meeting all 3 criteria: receiver-operating characteristic area under the curve ≥0.60, P ≤ .05, and effect ratio ≥1.3 or ≤0.75. Patients with only distinctive features but determined as cGVHD by the adjudication committee (non-NIH-CC) had immune profiles similar to NIH-CC. Both cGVHD and L-aGVHD had decreased transitional B cells and increased cytolytic natural killer (NK) cells. cGVHD had additional abnormalities, with increased activated T cells, naive helper T (Th) and cytotoxic T cells, loss of CD56bright regulatory NK cells, and increased ST2 and soluble CD13. Active L-aGVHD before day 114 had additional abnormalities in naive Th, naive regulatory T (Treg) cell populations, and cytokines, and active cGVHD had an increase in PD-1− and a decrease in PD-1+ memory Treg cells. Unsupervised analysis appeared to show a progression of immune abnormalities from no cGVHD/L-aGVHD to L-aGVHD, with the most complex pattern in cGVHD. Comprehensive immune profiling will allow us to better understand how to minimize L-aGVHD and cGVHD. Further confirmation in adult and pediatric cohorts is needed.
Digital imaging-assisted quantification of H3K27me3 immunoexpression in luminal A/B-like, HER2-negative, invasive breast cancer predicts patient survival and risk of recurrence
Authors: Fontes-Sousa Mário , Lobo João , Lobo Silvana , Salta Sofia , Amorim Maria , Lopes Paula , Antunes Luís , de Sousa Susana Palma , Henrique Rui , Jerónimo Carmen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BC) is a major health concern and better understanding of its biology might improve treatment decisions and patient outcomes. Histone3 Lysine27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) is a post-translational histone modification frequently associated with altered gene expression. In BC patients, lower H3K27me3 expression has been associated with worse prognosis. We assessed H3K27me3 immunoexpression with digital imaging software assistance, in a cohort of luminal-like BC patients with long-term follow-up time and evaluated its association with clinically relevant endpoints and its clinical usefulness.

Methods
H3K27me3 immunoexpression was assessed, by means of digital-imaging system, in archival tissue samples of 160 luminal A/B-like HER2-negative invasive BC, stages I-III. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression. Cases were categorized as ‘low’ or ‘high’ expression based on cut-off defined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results
The patient cohort showed a median age of 61-years, with a median follow-up time of 11.7 years. Low H3K27me3 expression (below 85% cut-off) was significantly associated with recurrence, both in univariable (HR = 1.99, 95%CI 1.066–3.724) and multivariable analysis when adjusting for grade and age (HR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.004–3.559). A trend for higher risk of death in low H3K27me3 expression BC was observed (p = 0.069), reaching statistical significance in younger patients (p = 0.021).

Conclusions
H3K27me3 immunoexpression assessed by digital imaging scoring software is an independent prognosis biomarker in luminal-like BC patients and may assist in more individualized adjuvant treatment decisions, thus potentially reducing recurrences after curative-intent treatment, while sparing unnecessary toxicity.