bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participatory Budget as a Tool Supporting the Development of Civil Society in Poland
Authors: Kempa Jarosław , Kozłowski Artur Roland 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Although three decades have passed since the fall of communism in Poland, the observed level of social activity in the country is relatively low. Participatory budget emerged as an idea to increase the involvement of citizens in decision-making processes concerning their immediate surroundings. In addition to their inclusion in the activity of local government, this form of citizen participation is expected to have a positive impact on residents’ involvement in activities for the benefit of the local community. The aim of this article is to indicate the conditions that influenced the implementation of the idea of the first participatory budget in Poland and emphasizing the importance of the civic budget in managing public administration through partial decentralization involving local communities in social dialogue for local investment initiatives, especially in large provincial cities in Poland. The following research question was adopted in the paper: has the introduction of a participatory budget in Poland increased social activity and has it been conducive to the development of civil society. In Poland, the initiative to create a civic budget met good political conditions in the relatively small city of Sopot, which had the resources to implement the project. After successful implementation, this initiative was relatively quickly adopted by other Polish local governments, which then on their own introduced social consultations called the civic budget. Not all poviats introduced the civic budget of their own volition. The government, seeing the possibility of political discounting of this new solution, decided to introduce a mandatory participatory budget in town counties and ordered the allocation of funds from their budgets, no less than 1 % of budget expenditure. The article relies on the case-study method, comparative analysis and trend analysis, qualitative and quantitative methods of description, document analysis and statistical data. The analysis focuses on the town of Sopot and provincial capitals. Local conditions are important for understanding the processes of shaping active civic attitudes in Poland, because cities are the poles of development of civil society and give impetus to innovative changes in the entire socio-economic system. The materials used in the article include reports, documents and legal acts regarding the functioning of the town of Sopot.
The study showed that the participatory budget indeed activates the local community around various projects. At the same time, the question of directly translating this activity into an increase in the number of organizations, associations and foundations remains debatable. The introduction of the participatory budget to administrative management practice in local-government units in Poland should be considered in terms of the soft power impact of administration on the shaping and development of civil society, which is still in the development stage in Poland.
Regulatory Cybernetics: Adaptability and Probability in the Public Administration’s Regulations
Authors: Pečarič Mirko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Dynamic perspectives from systems theory and cybernetics are used in this paper to introduce the self-adaptable legal regulation or individual decision-making based on Bayes networks. The latter, by using similar elements as systems theory or cybernetics can help decision-makers not only to quantify the evidential strengths of hypotheses but also to take the most probable decision. Nowadays legal science and the public administration with it that prepares the majority of draft legal rules, do not sufficiently address legal forms from which rules’ content derives. The increasing speed of change and the consequent shortness of operative rules should force decision-makers to consider the new forms of legal norms and decisions that would still respect the objectivity and impartiality of decision-making.
The Transparency of Czech Foundations
Authors: Pejcal Jakub 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Non-governmental non-profit organizations can strive to gain the confidence of the general public in various ways, one of which is the meeting of basic legal requirements for transparency – the disclosure of financial statements. Based on a set of 528 Czech foundations, the article illustrates how the organizations approach their legal obligations and look for features that contribute to the long-term fulfillment of this obligation. On average, 51.32 % of entities do not fulfill their obligations across the years. The organizations with a website (35.58 % of entities do not fulfill their legal obligations to disclose financial statements) and organizations that received public support in the form of a contribution from the Foundation Investment Fund (25.62 % of subjects do not fulfill) are better off. Statistical testing has revealed that younger organizations (14 years or less) are more responsible (continuous performance). They usually have a functioning website, are headquartered in the capital, and have a single founder (natural or legal). With the help of an expert panel composed of both academics and representatives of the non-governmental non-profit sector, the conclusions are set in an overall context. In its approach and results, the article builds on previous Czech (the description of the conditions of fulfillment of duties) and foreign (the search for signs contributing to the fulfillment of duties) findings and complements them appropriately.
Modern Trends of Customs Administrations Formation: Best European Practices and a Unified Structure
Authors: Shpak Nestor , Melnyk Olga , Adamiv Marta , Sroka Włodzimierz 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The ambiguous trends in international trade in 2019 and the forecast for 2020 enhance the functional role of the customs bodies in every country. That is because the customs system largely determines the ease of conducting international trade, the security of international supply chains and economic development of the countries. Though many developed countries have been able to form progressive customs systems, there are still countries that are in the process of reforming customs administrations and require a unified conceptual approach to build their customs systems. Given this fact the goal of our study is to analyze current trends in the development of the international customs systems and on the basis of it to identify the main and support functions of customs administration. Based on the principle of the best practices, the countries with the best customs administrations according to WTO data, i.e. France, Germany, the Netherlands, Lithuania and Poland were selected for analysis. We analyzed the positions of these countries in the leading international rankings, the key quantitative indicators of their customs activity and the peculiarities of the organizational construction of the customs authorities by functional principle. As the result, based on the use of systematic, dynamic and topologically substantive approaches and results of research, we developed a unified conceptual structure of the customs administration. In particular, the main functions (i.e. control, security and fiscal) and support functions (i.e. regulatory, administration, communication, service, information and statistical subsystems, resource support subsystem and international cooperation) were proposed. The proposed structure is intended to be used by representatives of the customs authorities in different countries throughout the world.
How to Attract and Retain Creative Class
Authors: Vitálišová Katarína , Vaňová Anna , Šúrová Janka 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, relatively high attention of public policies, also from the EU point of view, is paid to creative territories and the promotion of the creative class. However, very few published studies have been conducted about the mobility and behaviour of the creative class in the spatial-development context. To contribute to the deeper research of this issue the paper analyses the results of published empirical studies on the behaviour and mobility of the creative class in various types of territories and compares them with the behaviour and location of the creative class in the Slovak Republic. Subsequently, reflecting the key findings it proposes the public policy recommendations that should contribute to attracting and retaining the creative class as an integral driving force of regional or local development.
In the empirical studies, the compared elements were the main research questions / hypotheses and results, the definition of the creative class, used methods, the factors of creative-class migration, and the policy recommendations, if they were proposed. Special attention was devoted to the issues of creative-class behaviour and localisation factors in the Slovak Republic based on the previous research findings as well as our own research results.
All studies confirm that the mobility of the creative class is only a little bit higher than that of non-creatives. Among the key factors playing a dominant role in the selection of the actual place of residence are personal trajectories, followed by good employment opportunities. That is why the strategies of public policy should aim at retaining the creative class, fostering the creative and diverse climate by developing new higher-education institutions, new creative-subject incubators, supporting networks and partnerships; then the economic and social benefits of the creative class for the territories may be expected.
Anthropometric features in predicting insulin resistance among non-menopausal Indonesian adult females
Authors: Kurniawan Liong Boy , Syamsir Bachtiar , Rahman Ilham Akbar , Adnan Endy , Esa Tenri , Widaningsih Yuyun , Bahrun Uleng , Arif Mansyur 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction. The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide in high, low, and middle-income countries such as Indonesia. Obesity rate is higher in females in Indonesia. Obesity has important contribution in the occurrence of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Several anthropometric measurements such as waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), body mass (BM), total body fat percentage (Fat%) and visceral fat (VF) are related to IR. This study aimed to investigate which of those measurements could be used as a better predictor of IR in non-menopausal Indonesian adult females.

Methods. Total of 80 non-menopausal Indonesian adult females ranging from 21 to 40 years were recruited in this study. Insulin resistance was measured by using Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) equation. Subjects with HOMA-IR index >75th percentile with cut-off 2.74 were defined as IR. Waist circumference, BMI and BM were measured, while TF and VF were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Results. HOMA-IR had significant correlation with WC (r = 0.563, p < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.537, p < 0.001), BM (r = 0.515, p < 0.001), VF (r = 0.515, p < 0.001), Fat% (r = 0.490, p < 0.001). The area under curve of VF (0.809), BMI (0.807), WC (0.805), and BM (0.799) are slightly larger than and Fat% (0.766).

Conclusion. Insulin resistance had strong correlation with all anthropometric measurements, but the correlation was less significant with Fat%.
Removal of Na2SO4 from a Filter Ash
Authors: Janc Blaž , Hann Damjan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, research on the possibilities of sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) separation from other substances in the filter ash sample is presented. The research material contains six components that differ in chemical composition and density. The possibilities of Na2SO4 separation using dry and wet methods were studied. The dry method was based on separation with a centrifugal air classifier at four cut size limits. The wet method was based on the dissolution of water-soluble components, filtration of insoluble components, and drying the products. The sulphur content of the individual products was determined using both methods. The aim of the research was to determine which method is more suitable for separation of the material in a way that most of the material would contain as little sulphur as possible and the rest of the material would contain concentrated sulphur. The wet method proved to be more successful. The product with mass fraction 33.1% of the total mass, obtained from the aqueous solution, contained 8.39% sulphur after filtration and drying. The water-insoluble component, with mass fraction 66.9% of the total mass, contained 0.56% sulphur. The dry method with the centrifugal air classifier proved to be less successful in comparison with the wet method. The particles containing Na2SO4 are very similar in size and density to the other components of the material, so the separation to the desired extent was not achieved.
Supratentorial intraventricular rosette-forming glioneuronal tumors – Case report and review of treatment paradigms
Authors: Mahavadi Anil K. , Temmins Caroline , Patel Mahesh R. , Singh Harminder 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumors (RGNT) are slow-growing WHO Grade I tumors that are characterized by mixed histology and rosette formation. Although typically located in the posterior fossa, these tumors can rarely originate elsewhere. Here, we describe the fourth case in literature where an RGNT was localized to the lateral ventricles and detail the treatment approach.

Case Description:
A 41-year-old male presented with a 10 day history of gradually worsening headaches and mild gait difficulty. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a heterogeneously enhancing 6.0 cm left lateral ventricular cystic mass with hydrocephalus. An interhemispheric transcallosal approach was performed for tumor debulking. The mass was emanating from the roof of the left lateral ventricle. Sub-total resection (STR) was achieved. Pathology showed a glioneuronal neoplasm with vague neurocytic rosettes and loose perivascular pseudorosettes. Tumor vessels were thickly hyalinized and contained eosinophilic granular bodies and Rosenthal fibers. Tumor stained positive for GFAP, S-100, OLIG2, and SOX10, and patchy positive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), D2-40, CD99, and p16. Neurocytic rosettes and perivascular structures stained positive for synaptophysin. The patient was discharged home uneventfully and remained intact at his 6-month follow-up visit. Long-term care included MRI surveillance with repeat surgery being considered in case of progression.

Conclusion:
In this report, we describe the fourth case of an RGNT being isolated to the lateral ventricles and the first where it stained positive for EMA and D2-40. Our patient’s uneventful recovery after STR indicates that surgery alone continues to be a viable initial treatment option.
Supratentorial convexity schwannoma unrelated to cranial nerves: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wajima Daisuke , Aketa Shuta , Yonezawa Taiji 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Intracranial schwannoma not related to cranial nerves is rare entity, and difficult to be diagnosed preoperatively. Here, we experienced a case of convexity schwannoma mimicking convexity meningioma, and discuss about the characteristics of such cases based on the past published reports.

Case Description:
A 48-year-old man presented with a sudden onset of seizures. Brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed a small mass lesion in the peripheral aspect of the right parieto-frontal lobe. The mass was isointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted MRI, with homogenous enhancement after contrast medium administration. After the feeder embolization on the previous day, removal of the tumor was performed. The tumor revealed a well-demarcated, firm, spherical tumor beyond, and beneath the dura and was relatively easy to be separated from the brain. Histologically, the tumor was observed to be in subarachnoid space extending to outer space of dura-mater, intimately attached to the pia mater. The histological diagnosis was schwannoma.

Conclusion:
In our case, MRI findings are similar to convexity meningioma; however, the pathological diagnosis was schwannoma. Cerebral convexity is an extremely rare location for schwannoma. We emphasize that schwannoma, not related to cranial nerves, may arise in the subdural convexity space.
Parvimonas micra: A potential causative pathogen to consider when diagnosing odontogenic brain abscesses
Authors: Prieto Ruth , Callejas-Díaz Alejandro , Hassan Rasha , de Vargas Alberto Pérez , López-Pájaro Luis Fernando 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Brain abscess is a life-threatening entity which requires prompt and long-term antibiotic therapy, generally associated with surgical drainage, and eradicating the primary source of infection. Parvimonas micra (Pm) has only been reported once before as the lone infecting organism of an orally originated, solitary brain abscess. Diagnosing brain abscesses caused by this Gram-positive anaerobic coccus, constituent of the oral cavity flora, is challenging, and an optimal treatment regimen has not been well established. We report the diagnosis and successful treatment of a Pm caused odontogenic brain abscess.

Case Description:
A 62-year-old immunocompetent male with a right-parietal brain abscess presented with headache and seizures. He was started on empirical antibiotic therapy and subsequently underwent surgical drainage. The only source of infection found was severe periodontitis with infected mandibular cysts. Thus, tooth extraction and cyst curettage were performed 1 week after brain surgery. Cultures of brain abscess fluid were negative, but amplification of bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) with polymerase chain reaction demonstrated Pm. After 3 weeks of intravenous ceftriaxone and metronidazole, the patient was switched to oral metronidazole and moxifloxacin for 6 weeks.

Conclusions:
This case highlights the potential risk of untreated dental infections causing brain abscesses. Pm should be considered as a possible pathogen of odontogenic brain abscesses despite its presence usually not being detected by standard bacterial cultures. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis is strongly recommended for bacterial identification before defining brain abscesses as cryptogenic.
PEMBERDAYAAN KOMUNITAS TAMAN BACA MASYARAKAT DALAM PENINGKATAN LITERASI INFORMASI DI NAGARI TABEK
Authors: AFRINA CUT , ADRIPEN ADRIPEN , ELIWATIS ELIWATIS , RIKARNO RIKI , HANAFI BENI PUTRA 
Published: June 2020

Pengembangan literasi informasi bagi masyarakat nagari merupakan salah satu peluang yang harus bisa dimaksimalisasikan oleh pemerintahan nagari. Berdasarkan hasil curah pendapat (brainstorming) yang dilakukan oleh tim pemberdayaan Fakultas Ushuludin, adab dan dakwah dengan pemerintahan nagari Tabek yang melibatkan berbagai lembaga unsur yang ada di nagari Tabek. Ditemukan berbagai persoalan-persoalan yang dihadapi oleh pemerintahan nagari Tabek diantaranya adalah kesulitan dalam merumuskan program pembangunan perpustakaan nagari, rendahnya partisipasi lembaga unsur dan masyarakat dalam pembagunan perpustakaan nagari, belum tersedianya bangunan khusus untuk perpustakaan nagari, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan masyarakat tentang pentingnya perpustakaan nagari dan belum adanya inisiatif masyarakat untuk meningkatkan literasi informasi melalui pengembangan perpustakaan. Kegiatan ini terbentukanya komunitas Taman Baca Masyarakat (TBM) dan struktur organisasi dari komunitas TBM di Nagari Tabek, serta pembuatan program-program berdasarkan jangka pendek, jangka menengah, dan jangka panjang yang telah mampu memenuhi kegiatan bidang pengabdian masyarakat. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan agar aspek literasi informasi khususnya pengelolaan taman baca dapat berjalan dengan baik dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kemakmuran masyarakat.
Pendampingan Mitigasi Bencana Gempa Bumi dan Tsunami Berbasis Pengetahuan Lokal pada Masyarakat Rentan Bencana di Kabupaten Mukomuko Bengkulu
Authors: Dian Agustina  , Sunandi Etis , Nugroho Sigit 
Published: June 2020

The first objective of this activity is to increase knowledge and understanding of the rescue procedures, evacuation routes, and emergency response plans when a large earthquake occurs. The second objective is to increase the knowledge and ability to mobilize available resources. With this knowledge and capability, the community can choose and sort out the resources that must be prioritized, so that losses can be reduced as little as possible. Referring to the results of the study, reducing the impact of earthquake and tsunami disaster risk is greatly influenced by emergency response plan factors, disaster warning system factors, knowledge factors, policy and guidance factors, and the ability of team mobilization. The conclusion obtained from the results of this activity is that the Air Rami Sub-district community gained increased knowledge and understanding of earthquake and tsunami mitigation. This can be seen from the enthusiasm of stakeholders and the public in participating in socialization activities. It is also supported by the Wilcoxon statistical test, the result showed that socialization increases public knowledge in understanding disaster mitigation, especially earthquakes and tsunamis.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND SUBACUTE TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF DECOCTION OF LIANA BARK OF LANDOLPHIA OWARIENSIS P. BEAUV. (APOCYNACEAE) IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Yaya Fofana , Ismael Dally Laba , Kablan Ahmont Landry Claude , José Lia Arthur 
Published: June 2020

The objective of this study is to search families of chemical compounds and to evaluate subacute toxicity of decoction of Landolphia owariensis liana bark on wistar rat.
To identify the family compound chemical staining reactions and / or precipitation was used. Subacute toxicity study was conducted using OECD method 404. 15 rats of both sexes were divided into five groups. They were received for each lot, distilled water (control), 50, 300, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight of decoction every 24 hours orally for 28 days (OECD 404). Body weights, hematological, biochemical and histological parameters of the liver and kidneys were analyzed.
The results of phytochemical screening showed that the decoction of L. owariensis contains sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols and flavonoids. It is rich in chemical substances with antioxidant properties (polyphenols and flavonoids). For toxicity assessment, no significant changes in body weight between control and treated groups and no physiological disturbances were observed after 28 days of treatment. Analyzes of hematological and biochemical parameters revealed no toxicity of the decoction. No mortality was also recorded for the methods used. It is nontoxic to rats, even at high doses (5000 mg/kg body weight).
As a result, liana bark of this plant could be used for effective therapeutic purposes.