bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential patterns of floristic phylogenetic diversity across a post‐glacial landscape
Authors: Mienna Ida M. , Speed James D. M. , Bendiksby Mika , Thornhill Andrew H. , Mishler Brent D. , Martin Michael D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimIn this study, we explored spatial patterns of phylogenetic diversity (PD) and endemism in the flora of Norway and tested hypothesized post‐glacial environmental drivers of PD, including temperature, precipitation, edaphic factors and time since glacial retreat.LocationNorway.TaxonVascular plants (Trachaeophyta).MethodsWe produced a multi‐locus maximum‐likelihood (ML) phylogeny using a combination of newly produced DNA sequences from herbarium specimens and sequences available from public repositories. We combined the phylogeny with species occurrence data to estimate PD and phylogenetic endemism across Norway, using a spatial randomization to judge statistical significance. We used multiple‐model inference to identify environmental variables that contributed the most to the patterns of PD. Finally, we estimated phylogenetic turnover and used this to identify Norwegian plant assemblages in terms of composition and evolutionary history.ResultsOur ML phylogeny contained 87% of all currently described native Norwegian vascular plants. Assemblages were phylogenetically overdispersed in warmer and wetter regions of Norway, as well as in regions with a longer post‐glacial history. In cold and dry regions, plant assemblages were phylogenetically clustered, and characterized by neo‐endemism, while the mild and wet regions were characterized by both paleo‐ and neo‐endemism. PD was positively correlated with summer temperature and habitat heterogeneity, and peaked in the southeast of Norway.Main conclusionsBoth contemporary ecological factors (climate and habitat heterogeneity), and post‐glacial history seem to have shaped the phylogenetic structure of the flora of Norway. The flora in the far north of Norway appear to be a result of recent diversification while the coastal regions are assemblages of deeper lineages. Our results suggest that there is an evolutionary signal in the distribution of the Norwegian vascular flora.
TM4SF1, a binding protein of DVL2 in hepatocellular carcinoma, positively regulates beta‐catenin/TCF signalling
Authors: Zhu ChuanrRong , Luo XiaoLing , Wu JinSheng , Liu YuTing , Liu Lei , Ma ShiJie , Xie Rui , Wang ShaoChuang , Ji Wu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe interaction between Axin and DVL2 is critical for the breaking down of the beta‐catenin destruction complex and the activation of the Wnt/beta‐catenin cascade. However, this biological process remains poorly understood. In the present study, TM4SF1 was identified as the interacting partner of DVL2 and positively regulated as Wnt/beta‐catenin signalling by strengthening the DVL2‐Axin interaction. The expression levels of TM4SF1 were elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and were induced by Kras signalling. The overexpression of TM4SF1 promoted the growth and motility of HCC cells, and up‐regulated the target genes (Axin2 and cyclin D1). The down‐regulation of TM4SF1 impaired the capability of HCC cells for growth, migration and metastasis. In addition, the down‐regulation of TM4SF1 promoted the ubiquitination of beta‐catenin. In summary, these results reveal the oncogenic functions of TM4SF1 in HCC progression and suggest that TM4SF1 might be a target for treatment.
Chondroprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects of amurensin H by regulating TLR4/Syk/NF‐κB signals
Authors: Ma Pei , Yue Lifeng , Yang Hui , Fan Yannan , Bai Jinye , Li Shuyi , Yuan Jiqiao , Zhang Ziqian , Yao Chunsuo , Lin Mingbao , Hou Qi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe low‐grade, chronic inflammation initiated by TLR4‐triggered innate immune responses has a central role on early osteoarthritis. Amurensin H is a resveratrol dimer with anti‐inflammatory and anti‐apoptotic effects, while its effects on TLR‐4 signals to inhibit osteoarthritis are still unclear. In the present study, treatment with amurensin H for 2 weeks in monosodium iodoacetate‐induced mice significantly slows down cartilage degeneration and inflammation using macroscopic evaluation, haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and micro‐magnetic resonance imaging. In IL‐1β‐stimulated rat chondrocytes, amurensin H suppresses the production of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide, IL‐6, IL‐17, PGE2 and TNF‐α using Greiss and ELISA assay. Amurensin H inhibits matrix degradation via decreasing levels of MMP‐9 and MMP‐13 using Western blot assay, promotes synthesis of type II collagen and glycosaminoglycan using immunostaining and safranin O staining, respectively. Amurensin H inhibits intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization using DCFH‐DA, MitoSOX Red and JC‐1 assay as well. IL‐1β stimulates TLR4 activation and Syk phosphorylation in chondrocytes, while amurensin H inhibits TLR4/Syk signals and downstream p65 phosphorylation and translocation in a time and dose‐dependent manner. Together, these results suggest that amurensin H exerts chondroprotective effects by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and matrix degradation via the TLR4/Syk/NF‐κB pathway.
Methyl benzoate fumigation for control of post‐harvest pests and its effects on apple quality
Authors: Yang Xiangbing , Liu Yong‐Biao , Feng Yan , Zhang Aijun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMethyl benzoate is a newly discovered natural insecticide. In this study, we evaluated methyl benzoate as a potential fumigant for controlling four pests including western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis, lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri, rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae, and bulb mites, Rhizoglyphus spp., at different temperatures and effects on post‐harvest quality of apples. Methyl benzoate fumigations were effective against all four pests. Complete control of WFT and lettuce aphid was both achieved in 8, 16 and 24 hr at 25, 13 and 2°C, respectively. For rice weevil, complete control was achieved in 16 and 72 hr with and without rice at 25°C, respectively. Complete control of bulb mites was achieved in 64 hr at 25°C on peanut. In addition, a 24 hr methyl benzoate fumigation at 2°C had complete control of WFT but had no negative impact on visual quality of apples of three varieties 4 weeks after fumigation. These results suggest that methyl benzoate fumigation has potential to be an alternative treatment to methyl bromide fumigation, which has been phased out, for post‐harvest pest control for stored products and may also have potential to control other pests on fresh products.
Concentration of citrus fruit juices in membrane pouches with solar energy Part 1: How solar drying setup and juice pretreatment determine the drying flux
Authors: Phinney Randi , Tivana Lucas D. , Sjöholm Ingegerd , Östbring Karolina , Jeje Imaculada , Guibundana Deize , Rayner Marilyn 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate how solar drying setup and choice of juice pretreatment determine the drying flux in a fruit juice concentration process called solar assisted pervaporation. With this process, hygienic membrane pouches and solar energy are used to concentrate and preserve fruit juices. In this study, the feasibility of concentrating citrus (tangerine) juice into marmalade under realistic conditions in rural Mozambique was assessed with three solar drying setups and four juice pretreatments. The main findings were (a) tangerine marmalade with a soluble solids content ≥65° Brix could be produced with all solar drying setups tested within 3–6 days, (b) sucrose addition as a juice pretreatment did not impact drying time and is recommended to increase yield, and (c) direct active and tilted passive solar drying reduced the drying time considerably; however, passive drying was more sensitive to poor weather conditions.Practical applicationsCitrus fruits have high spoilage rates on a global level due to their juicy nature and short ripening period. They are difficult to handle and transport to urban markets and are also difficult to preserve by traditional solar drying practices. An alternative approach is to preserve citrus fruits with membrane pouches that are filled with citrus juices and then placed in the sun to dry. Water passes through the membrane pouch as vapor, allowing for the juices to be concentrated into marmalade. The membrane pouch also protects the juice from microorganisms in the surrounding air during drying. The process is driven by solar energy and is suitable for small‐scale producers in rural areas of tropical countries. The aim of this study was to further investigate the process in rural Mozambique under realistic weather conditions. The main results are recommendations to small‐scale producers on how to optimize the process.
Withdrawing gluten‐free food from prescriptions in England: a mixed‐methods study to examine the impact of policy changes on quality of life
Authors: Peters M. , Crocker H. , Jenkinson C. , Violato M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundSome local areas in England stopped have gluten‐free prescriptions for coeliac disease. An explanatory mixed‐methods study has investigated the impact of these changes.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey with 1697 participants was followed by 24 qualitative interviews. The survey included questions on the use of prescriptions and healthcare services, as well as the Coeliac Disease Assessment Questionnaire (CDAQ) to assess quality of life. The survey data were analysed by descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and regression analysis, and the interviews were analysed by thematic analysis. Findings from the interviews guided the survey analysis.ResultsDietary burden was significantly different between prescribing and nonprescribing areas, with little impact on other aspects of quality of life. Survey participants in nonprescribing areas who felt more impacted by the prescription changes reported a lower quality of life. Satisfaction with and use of services was lower in nonprescribing areas. Interviews indicated that, after initial frustrations, most people adapted to the changed prescription policy. However, there was a clear preference for gluten‐free prescriptions to be available, in particular for staple foods.ConclusionsThe main quality of life impact was on Dietary burden. It is encouraging that most participants in the present study maintained a good quality of life. However, issues of worse experiences of care, lower follow‐up opportunities and inequity arose, and these should be taken into consideration in decisions on gluten‐free food prescriptions. The new guidelines for the National Health Service in England have retained prescriptions for bread and flour mixes, which is more limited than the range of staple foods preferred in the present study.
Determining the effect of calcium on cell death rate and perforation formation during leaf development in the novel model system, the lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis)
Authors: FRASER MEREDITH S. , DAUPHINEE ADRIAN N. , GUNAWARDENA ARUNIKA H.L.A.N. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryProgrammed cell death (PCD) is the destruction of unwanted cells through an intracellularly mediated process. Perforation formation in the lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis) provides an excellent model for studying developmentally regulated PCD. Ca2+ fluxes have previously been identified as important signals for PCD in plants and mammals. The fundamental goal of this project was to determine the influence of Ca2+ on the rate of cell death and perforation formation during leaf development in the lace plant. This was investigated using the application of various known calcium modulators including lanthanum III chloride (LaCl3), ruthenium red and calcium ionophore A23187. Detached lace plant leaves at an early stage of development were treated with these modulators in both short‐ and long‐term exposure assays and analysed using live cell imaging. Results from this study indicate that calcium plays a vital role in developmentally regulated PCD in the lace plant as application of the modulators significantly altered the rate of cell death and perforation formation during leaf development. In conclusion, this study exemplifies the suitability of the lace plant for live cell imaging and detached leaf experiments to study cell death and provides insight into the importance of Ca2+ in developmentally regulated PCD in planta.
Humanisation in pregnancy and childbirth: A concept analysis
Authors: Curtin Mary , Savage Eileen , Leahy‐Warren Patricia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo undertake a concept analysis of humanisation in pregnancy and childbirth.BackgroundHumanisation in pregnancy and childbirth has historically been associated with women who do not require medical intervention. However, the increasing recognition of the importance of emotional and mental health and the physical outcome of pregnancy has meant that there is a need to identify clinical attributes and behaviours that contribute to a positive emotional outcome. Failure to support and protect the emotional health of the woman in pregnancy and childbirth can have effects on the long‐term mental health of the mother and the long‐term physical and mental health of the child.DesignConcept AnalysisMethodsEight‐step method of concept analysis proposed by Walker and Avant.ResultsDefining attributes include being a protagonist, human being interaction and benevolence. Antecedents identified were a recognition of women's rights, birth models, professional competence and the environment. Consequences were identified for women and healthcare professionals: for women, increased feelings of confidence, satisfaction of the experience and safety; and for healthcare professionals, increased satisfaction and confidence in their job and increased esteem in their profession.ConclusionsHumanisation of pregnancy and childbirth now encompasses all women regardless of care pathway. Humanisation does not obstruct the prioritisation of life‐saving procedures or the use of medical intervention where required.Relevance to clinical practiceWomen who are able to identify their rights when accessing maternity care will be better equipped to ensure their care planning is individualised. The identification of humanised care practices, attributes and behaviours can support healthcare professionals in the clinical area who wish to identify a pathway of humanised care in pregnancy and birth.
Interventions to prevent and treat malnutrition in older adults to be carried out by nurses: A systematic review
Authors: ten Cate Debbie , Ettema Roelof G. A. , Huisman‐de Waal Getty , Bell Jack J. , Verbrugge Remco , Schoonhoven Lisette , Schuurmans Marieke J. ,   the Basic Care Revisited Group (BCR)
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify interventions to prevent and treat malnutrition in older adults, which can be integrated in nursing care, and to evaluate the effects of these interventions on outcomes related to malnutrition.BackgroundOlder adults are at great risk for malnutrition, which can lead to a number of serious health problems. Nurses have an essential role in nutritional care for older adults. Due to a lack of evidence for nursing interventions, adequate nursing nutritional care still lags behind.DesignSystematic review.MethodWe searched for and included randomised controlled trials on interventions, which can be integrated in nursing care for older adults, to prevent and treat malnutrition. We assessed the risk of bias with the Cochrane tool and evidence for outcomes with the GRADE. The PRISMA statement was followed for reporting.ResultsWe included 21 studies of which 14 studies had a high risk of bias. Identified interventions were oral nutritional supplements, food/fluid fortification or enrichment, dietary counselling and educational interventions. In evaluating the effects of these interventions on 11 outcomes related to malnutrition, significant and nonsignificant effects were found. We graded the certainty of evidence as very low to moderate.ConclusionAlthough slight effects were found in protein intake and body mass index, there is no convincing evidence about the effectiveness of the four identified interventions. There seems no harm in using these interventions, although it should be kept in mind that the evidence is sparse. Therefore, there is a need for high‐quality research in building evidence for interventions in nursing nutritional care.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses can safely provide oral nutritional supplements and food/fluid fortification or enrichment, and give dietary counselling and education to older adults, as they are well placed to lead the essential processes of nutritional care to older adults.
Sibling Warmth Moderates the Intergenerational Transmission of Romantic Relationship Hostility
Authors: Masarik April S. , Rogers Christina R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate sibling support as a buffer against the intergenerational transmission of romantic relationship hostility.BackgroundParental marital discord in adolescence negatively affects romantic relationships in adulthood. Given that sibling support is linked to positive outcomes in adolescence and adulthood, the current study investigated sibling support as a protective factor against romantic relationship hostility from adolescence to adulthood.MethodUsing prospective longitudinal data from a community sample, 351 participants completed home assessments during adolescence (7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th grades) and adulthood (Mage = 31 years old). Romantic relationship hostility was coded from videotaped observations of participant interparental relations in adolescence and participant behavior toward a romantic partner in adulthood. In addition, the participants reported on the support they received from a sibling in adolescence, which was modeled as a moderator between romantic hostility in adolescence and adulthood using structural equation modeling.ResultsAcross sibling dyads, sibling support did not moderate the intergenerational transmission of romantic relationship hostility; however, sex differences revealed that sibling support buffered this effect in sister pairs, whereas sibling support exacerbated this effect in brother pairs. Sibling support moderated this association above and beyond parental support, socioeconomic status, and sibling age spacing.ConclusionPerceived sibling support can potentially ameliorate or catalyze the intergenerational transmission of observed romantic relationship hostility depending on gender socialization in the family. Implications for sibling‐focused interventions are discussed.
Effects of the Thickness Ratio of Zirconia–Lithium Disilicate Bilayered Ceramics on the Translucency and Flexural Strength
Authors: Kim Jong‐Hoi , Ko Kyung‐Ho , Huh Yoon‐Hyuk , Park Chan‐Jin , Cho Lee‐Ra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeTo determine the effects of the total thickness and core/veneer thickness ratio of bilayered ceramics on their three‐point flexural strength and translucency.Materials and methodsTwo groups of specimens were prepared with two different total thicknesses, 1.0 mm and 0.6 mm. These groups were divided into five and three subgroups with ten specimens each, respectively, having different core/veneer thickness ratios. Lithium disilicate was pressed on the zirconia surface using the “lost‐wax technique.” The translucency and three‐point flexural strength were measured, and a one‐way analysis of variance test (p < 0.05) was performed to determine whether the translucency and three‐point flexural strength were affected by the total thickness and core/veneer thickness ratio of the specimens.ResultsFor the same total thickness, translucency decreased with a increase in the zirconia core proportion (p < 0.001). For the same core/veneer ratio, the translucency decreased with an increase in the total thickness (p < 0.001). If the zirconia thickness was less than half of the total thickness, the bilayered ceramic specimens containing zirconia cores and monolithic lithium disilicate specimens exhibited a similar translucency. The three‐point flexural strength increased with the increasing proportion of zirconia; however, it did not change significantly with the total thickness. However, for the same total thickness, the flexural strengths of the bilayered ceramics were higher than those of the monolithic specimens.ConclusionsAt the same total thickness, increasing the zirconia core thickness decreased the translucency and increased the three‐point flexural strength. Bilayered ceramic specimens with low zirconia ratios exhibited translucency similar to that of monolithic lithium disilicate ceramic but a higher flexural strength.
Could Vegans and Lycra Cyclists be Bad for the Planet? Theorizing the Role of Moralized Minority Practice Identities in Processes of Societal‐Level Change
Authors: Kurz Tim , Prosser Annayah M.B. , Rabinovich Anna , O'Neill Saffron 
Published: December 2019

AbstractShifting society to more sustainable modes of consumption poses significant challenges to the way people live their lives. Many everyday practices commensurate with addressing sustainability goals are currently minority pursuits, especially in highly industrialized countries. Such minority practices often come to form the basis of social identities (e.g., as “vegans” or “cyclists”). These moralized minority practice identities (MMPIs) represent the focus of this theoretical article. We theorize the nature and genesis of MMPIs, discuss how their characteristics shape intergroup interactions, and consider implications for societal‐level change. We make the contentious suggestion that, contrary to what might be predicted on the basis of social identity approaches to social change, strong identification with “green practice” groups may hamper, rather than facilitate, societal‐level shifts toward sustainability. We discuss the need for policy approaches that enable people to experiment with new sustainable practices without the pressure to commit to a particular practice identity.
Beneficial effects of fish oil enriched in omega-3 fatty acids on the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain
Authors: Unda Santiago R , Villegas Emilce A , Toledo María Eugenia , Asis Onell Gabriela , Laino Carlos H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this work was to assess the preventive effect of an eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid-concentrate fish oil on neuropathic pain development and regenerative features of sciatic nerve in rats.

Methods
In the present study, rats with chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve and sham-operated ones received fish oil enriched in omega-3 fatty acids (0.36 or 0.72 g/kg per day, oral) or saline solution for 21 days, with thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia being assessed before and 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after injury.

Key findings
Fish oil enriched in omega-3 fatty acids (0.72 g/kg) reversed thermal hyperalgesia and significantly reduced mechanical allodynia. In addition, ω-3 treatment (0.72 g/kg) promoted the recovery of the Sciatic Functional Index as well as restored axonal density and morphology, without the formation of neuroma in the injured sciatic nerves after 21 days.

Conclusion
We conclude that the fish oil enriched in omega-3 fatty acids administration relieves thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia effectively and also enhances the recovery process in rats with CCI of the sciatic nerve. These findings might contribute to new therapeutic approaches including omega-3 fatty acids in neuropathic pain treatment.