bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The HOPE Project (Helping Older People Engage): Relevance to Upstream Suicide Prevention
Authors: Van Orden Kim , Conwell Yeates , Chapman Ben , Williams Geoff , Sörensen Siilvia , Rowe Jody 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The HOPE Project is an ongoing RCT testing whether Senior Corps volunteering for lonely older adults (age 60+) leads to reduced loneliness and improved quality of life—outcomes associated with suicide in later life. We have randomly assigned 130 participants to 12-months of volunteering or active control. We will describe the trial as well as baseline characteristics of participants that may predict non-compliance with volunteering/control. We found no difference between conditions nor demographic characteristics (age, gender) on non-compliance. Participants demonstrated wide variability in depression at baseline (PROMIS t-score range 38.9 to 71.4) and 18% reported suicide ideation; neither were associated with compliance (p&gt;.20). These preliminary findings indicate that those with more severe mental health symptoms were equally willing/able to engage in volunteering as those without depression and suicide ideation. Volunteering is a highly scalable intervention (given nationwide Senior Corps infrastructure) that may function as upstream suicide prevention.
Natural, Everyday Language Use Provides a Window into the Integrity of Older Adults’ Cognitive Functioning
Authors: Polsinelli Angelina , Moseley Suzanne , Grilli Matthew , Glisky Elizabeth , Mehl Matthias 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Language use during structured clinical tasks predicts pathological cognitive aging. However, structured tasks reflect only a narrow band of potential communication contexts, which limits the ability to capture cognitive processes manifested in language use under more natural conditions (i.e., minimal constraints). The Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) makes it possible to sample language from the full ecology of individuals’ interactions. As interactions are cognitively complex, language use in everyday life might be especially sensitive to the integrity of higher-order cognitive processes, including executive functions (EF). Using the EAR and a standard EF battery, we show that EF, particularly working memory, is reflected in analytic (e.g. articles and prepositions), complex (e.g. longer words), and specific (e.g. more numbers) language. The EAR provides first evidence that the words used in daily life reflect the integrity of EF and that reliance on less complex language could reflect WM variability among cognitively healthy adults.
Exploring Community Leaders’ Understanding and Attitudes Toward Depression Among Older Korean Americans
Authors: Kim Eunhye 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study explores community leaders’ understanding and attitudes toward depression among older Korean Americans. The community leaders who provide services for older adults play a significant role because these leaders typically engage with the target population by providing services. A qualitative method was applied for this study. A total of 12 community leaders were interviewed for 60 minutes using the semi-structured interview guide. The constant comparative approach was employed to analyze data using NVivo software. The findings indicated that the community leaders were aware of the severity of the issues, but lacked knowledge regarding depression and had stereotypes against depression. Those leaders identified negative personality issues of people with depression and desired to avoid discussing depression with older adults. The results suggest that interventions are essential to support community leaders and empower them to take actions to provide services to promote understanding of depression in older adults.
Veteran Status and Old Age Depression: A Life Course Epidemiology Study
Authors: Frochen Stephen , Sheehan Connor , Ailshire Jennifer 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Military service and exposure to war may influence the development of depression, leading to disparities in the condition among veterans and non-veterans. This study included 10,512 older men from the 1996 to 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We estimated Center for Epidemiology Depression (CESD) score trajectories among veterans and non-veterans and veterans of different war cohorts in growth curve models, controlling for early, mid, and late life characteristics. CESD score trajectories were lower among veterans and war veterans than non-veterans and non-war veterans, respectively. The highest levels of depression were among war veterans who served in more than one war. Veterans demonstrated lower levels of depression than non-veterans, calling into question the health advantage of veterans and selection mechanisms into the military and out of HRS. Multiple war veterans showed the highest levels of depression, representing the greatest mental health threat to veterans in the study. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Aging Veterans: Effects of Military Service across the Life Course Interest Group.
When the Day Goes Awry: Families Caring for Persons With Dementia
Authors: Roberto Karen , Savla Jyoti , Zarit Steven 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The daily lives of family caregivers of persons with dementia (PwD) often require that they manage multiple competing demands in a context of unpredictability. Memory and behavior changes associated with dementia can cause PwD to act in random and irrational ways that create stress and influence all aspects of caregivers’ everyday life. Supportive others, including informal helpers and formal service professionals, should provide relief to primary caregivers; however, help may not alleviate caregiver stress and can sometimes compound the burden of care. This symposium draws on daily diary surveys and face-to-face interviews to focus on four aspects of managing everyday care of PwD among family caregivers in rural areas. Brandy Renee McCann explores how caregivers’ vigilance on behalf of PwD care quality interacts with service use. Karen Roberto examines the ways in which caregivers manage PwD resistance to help, including their use of forceful care strategies. Rosemary Blieszner focuses on competing caregiver roles and demands that may contribute to or alleviate caregiver stress. Tina Savla addresses the unexpected, and often hidden, challenges involved in using formal services. Collectively, the four presentations provide in-depth insight into the complicated daily lives of families coping with dementia and the ways in which they meet the demands of full-time caregiving under often difficult and challenging circumstances. Discussant Steve Zarit considers the efficacy of these management strategies for various aspects of everyday care and offers suggestions for future research and person-centered programs and interventions to reduce health disparities among caregivers in rural areas.
Area-Level Disadvantage and Changes in Disability-Free Life Expectancy for Older Australians
Authors: Tawiah Richard , Anstey Kaarin , Jagger Carol , Kiely Kim 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We report the first analysis of inequalities in Disability-Free Life Expectancy (DFLE) trends for Australia, based on two cohorts of the nationally representative Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey. Each cohort was aged 45+ at baseline with 7-years of annual follow-up (Older cohort: 2001-2007, n=6363; Younger cohort: 2011-2017, n=8197). Disability was defined by a Global Activity Limitation Indicator, and socioeconomic position (SEP) by an area-level index of disadvantage. Compared to men in high advantage areas, men residing in low advantage areas experienced smaller gains in life expectancy (3.0 vs 4.6 years at age 65), DFLE (0.6 vs 1.8 years) and years with disability (2.4 vs 2.8 years). In contrast, for women in low advantage areas all years gained in life expectancy (2.6 years) were years with disability, whereas women in high advantage areas experienced gains in DFLE (1.7 years) and even more years with disability (2.7 years).
Socioeconomic Position Across the Life Course and Trends in Disability-Free Life Expectancy in Australia
Authors: Kiely Kim , Tawiah Richard , Jagger Carol , Anstey Kaarin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
There has been little investigation of how life-course social mobility is linked to Disability-Free Life Expectancy (DFLE). We report novel analysis of the HILDA survey examining how DFLE trends differs by three markers of socio-economic position (SEP): early-life (educational attainment), midlife (occupational level), and late-life (area-disadvantage). All women, irrespective of their educational level, gained years with disability (Age 65: Low education=1.5 and High education=2.5 years). Similar results were obtained by level of occupation, but women with low occupation showed small declines in LE (-0.8 years), all being losses in DFLE. Only women in the most advantaged areas gained DFLE. For men, higher levels of any marker of SEP were associated with DFLE gains that were larger than, or comparable to, gains in years lived with disability, although lower education was associated only with gains in years lived with disability. DFLE trends differ by SEP marker more in women than men.
Why Creativity Matters to Aging and Health
Authors: Hanna Gay , Saunders Pamela , Bernard Marie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As GSA turns 75, it is an appropriate time to review the history of the creative aging movement. This symposium explores the research, policy and practice of creative aging - past and present, starting in the 1970’s through the efforts of pioneering leaders in the aging, humanities and arts in conjunction with growing support from the newly established National Endowment for the Arts and related aging and health service systems. The foundational research by Gene Cohen, MD PHD and others at the turn of the 21st Century will be described in terms of its building the science to utilize the humanities and arts to scaffold policy and practices that promote the potential of aging through creative expression rather than the pervasive view of aging as a time of loss. Moving towards strength-based approaches to further the development of overall health including brain reserve, physical fitness and social networks, creative aging collaborations will be highlighted as the future of this initiative. Case studies of joint research projects between state departments of both aging and arts in partnership with Universities will demonstration contemporary practices to address major aging issues around isolation, loneliness and caring for the care giver.
Creativity’s Impact on Aging and Health, 1970–2010
Authors: Miller Wendy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the 1970, practitioners in the arts, aging, health, social work and allied therapeutic professions became pioneers in a newly formed movement of creative aging. Robert Butler’s “Why Survive? Growing Old in America” called for rethinking aging and the services needed to support the growing aging population. Barriers to restrictions and the lower expectations around how older people could live in their communities began to change. Opportunities for engagement in the humanities and the arts began to be tailored to support older people’s life style and to accommodate the sharing of their life experiences in new ways through partnerships with schools and senior centers. The rise of these practices promoted the first multi-year study of arts engagement impact on the health on older adults and a wave of publications and new research studies followed. These were the foundation for this strength-based initiative across the spectrum of aging.
EngAGE via Alexa for Older Adults and Caregivers: Design, Utilization, and Impact of Socially Motivated Exercise
Authors: Huisingh-Scheetz Megan , Nicholson Roscoe , Smith Chelsea , Shervani Saira , Montoya Yadira , Hawkley Louise 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
EngAGE is a technology-based program leveraging Alexa that encourages older adult (OA) activity and socialization from home while empowering caregivers to support them. EngAGE delivers daily, in-home, NIA Go4Life exercise routines with instructions, pictures and music via Alexa Echo Shows or Fire Tablets to OAs. Caregivers use EngAGE to view scheduled exercises, follow progress, and send encouraging messages that are read aloud to OAs by Alexa. We will discuss the strategic co-design of EngAGE with OAs and caregivers and the utilization and functional impact of EngAGE over a 12-week feasibility and usability study (n=10 OA + caregiver pairs). Preliminary analyses revealed improvement in upper (mean grip strength change = +1.3 kg, paired t-test p=0.34) and lower (5-repeated chair stand time change = -2.3 seconds, paired t-test p=0.02) body strength. Discussion of focus group data will cover themes of perceived benefits, user experience, drivers/barriers to usage and desired features for EngAGE.
Enhancing Health for the Growing Number of Older Cancer Survivors: Designing Innovative Behavioral Interventions
Authors: Derry Heather , Conley Claire , Trevino Kelly 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
By 2040, there will be an estimated 26.1 million cancer survivors in the United States, with 73% over age 65. Compared to younger survivors and those without cancer, older adult cancer survivors have an elevated comorbidity burden. Lifestyle interventions can play a key role in preventing and managing chronic health conditions and promoting quality of life during and after cancer treatment. Yet, behavioral interventions for maximizing health are under-utilized in older adults with cancer. At times, older adults may have unique needs that require tailoring to increase accessibility, optimization, and uptake of behavioral interventions.
This symposium will showcase innovative approaches for enhancing health among older adult cancer survivors during and after cancer treatment. Dr. Bluethmann will discuss design considerations for using geriatric assessment in an ongoing exercise trial to manage side effects of aromatase inhibitors. Dr. Gell will present data on older survivors’ preferences regarding text messaging to support physical activity maintenance from an intervention study. Dr. Leach will discuss the use of technology to facilitate lifestyle change in older cancer survivors, presenting data on older adults’ user preferences and benefits from an eHealth tool. The discussant, Dr. Trevino, will summarize how these interventions can be leveraged to promote engagement in managing older survivors’ health and to inform next steps in intervention development. Collectively, this multidisciplinary group of speakers will provide practical information and “lessons learned” from designing behavioral and technology-based interventions, and highlight the promise that these approaches hold for improving quality of life in aging cancer survivors. Cancer and Aging Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
Where We Live Matters: Residential Influences on Health and Well-Being
Authors: Ng Yee To , Munoz Elizabeth , Schafer Markus 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that residential contexts are implicated in the health and well-being of older adults. Operationalization of these contexts varies and includes psychosocial, physical and socioeconomic neighborhoods, and more proximal contexts (e.g., home environment). We aim to bring together a diverse set of papers focused on the living environment to understand how contextual factors are associated with individual outcomes. Muñoz and colleagues applied a lifespan perspective by evaluating associations between current and childhood neighborhood perceptions on cognitive health. Their results indicated that the association between perceived neighborhoods and cognition in adulthood was moderated by childhood neighborhoods. García and Ailshire contextualized the types of neighborhoods in which older Latinos live and how these influenced diabetes risk. They identified neighborhood clusters characterized by racial/ethnic and socioeconomic compositions and found that predominantly Latino neighborhoods with low SES were more likely to have diabetes compared to other neighborhood clusters. This symposium will also focus on the more proximal environment. Lee and Ailshire examined the neighborhood and home environment and found that the home’s proximity to green space and level of clutter within the home was associated with increased fall risks in older adults. Fingerman and colleagues coded older adults’ living spaces and found that personality type was associated with room conditions. Altogether, the presentations highlight the relevance of context measured across multiple levels of analyses and dimensions of well-being outcomes in aging individuals. Dr. Markus Schafer will provide a discussion of these findings and address the challenges and opportunities for future research.
Double Consciousness: Explaining Racial Paradox in Later Life Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Goler Timothy , Bhatta Tirth 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A substantial number of studies have documented paradoxical findings when examining race differences in later life psychological well-being. Despite experiencing significant structural disadvantages, Black older adults have been found to report significantly higher overall life satisfaction and lower depressive symptoms than White adults. This study relies on double consciousness framework which allows us to understand why satisfaction with material conditions (e.g., domain-specific life satisfaction) among Black older adults could differ from their evaluation of overall well-being (e.g., overall life satisfaction). Based on a survey of successful aging (n=409 aged 60 years or older) conducted by the Elderly Care Research Center (ECRC) in Cleveland, Ohio, we examined race differences in coping resources, and their role in shaping overall life satisfaction, domain-specific life satisfaction, and depressive symptoms. Findings show that Blacks on average have a higher likelihood of experiencing recent negative life events than their White counterparts. Despite adverse life circumstances, Blacks older adults expressed significantly higher overall life satisfaction than Whites. They, however, reported significantly lower domain-specific life satisfaction than their White counterparts. The differences in depressive symptoms between Black and White older adults was not statistically significant. The race differences in overall life satisfaction was explained by religiosity, religious coping, and social support. Education, income, and adverse life events were found to contribute to such differences in domain-specific life satisfaction. Our findings underscore the need to consider the unique role of racialized life course circumstances and coping resources in shaping disparities in later life psychological well-being.
Religious Socialization and Moral Development: How Similar? How Different?
Authors: George Linda 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Among Vern Bengtson’s contributions to research on aging, religion, and the family was the finding of strong patterns of intergenerational religious socialization within families. Professor Bengtson and colleagues published at least one book and a dozen journal articles documenting the strong evidence of intergenerational religious socialization, although they also documented specific variations of this general pattern. More recently, social scientists in the culture and cognition tradition have focused on moral development. Most of this research is based on studies of adolescents and emerging adults and concludes that families influence morality at these life stages, but that the effects of peers are even stronger. Some of this research explicitly links morality to religion; most does not. This paper compares research on religious socialization and morality, focusing on similarities and differences in findings, the potential of each tradition to inform and advance the other, and how that can be accomplished. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Religion, Spirituality and Aging Interest Group.
Self-Reported Health and Well-Being Across Heterogeneous Groups of Caregivers
Authors: Sheehan Orla , Huang Jin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Using the Caregiving Transitions Study (CTS) we compared the effects of caregiving on self-reported health and well-being in caregivers reporting providing dementia care, different levels of strain and amount of care provided. Caregivers (n-251) were 65% female, 36% African American and had a mean age of 71.8 years. A quarter of CGs reported being under a lot of strain and 47% provided care for persons with dementia. Dementia CGs (n=117) provided more hours of care per week (49.7 versus 37.7, p=0.001), more commonly reported high strain (36.8% versus 15.7%, p&lt;0.03) and were more than twice as likely as non-dementia caregivers to report that caregiving interfered with taking care of their own health (33.9% versus 15.4%, p=0.003). Additional results will be reported on how these factors of dementia caregiving, level of strain, and hours of care affect well-being including perceived stress, treatment burden, depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life.
Gender Inequality and Late-Life Cognition
Authors: Lee Jinkook , Angrisani Marco , Jain Urvashi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Indian women’s disadvantage in cognition has been documented in several studies, additionally noting geographic variations. The gender gap in late-life cognition could be a manifestation of gender discrimination. Using national data from LASI-DAD together with information drawn from administrative data, we construct a state-level composite index of gender inequality, following the UNDP definition. We investigate and find strong evidence that cross-state differences in gender inequality are significantly associated with the gender gap in cognition. Women in the most discriminating state (Bihar) perform significantly worse than men (-0.21 s.d.), after controlling for key risk factors such as age and education. The gender gap in the least discriminating state (Kerala) is much smaller (-0.10 s.d.). We also find that gender inequality is strongly associated with education, early marriage, labor force participation, and social activities. This has important implications for public health policy aimed at reducing the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
Design and Methodology of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India—Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia
Authors: Lee Jinkook , Khobragade Pranali , Banerjee Joyita , Chien Sandy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Longitudinal Aging Study in India is a nationally representative survey of the health, economic, and social wellbeing of the Indian population aged 45 and older. LASI-DAD is an in-depth study of late-life cognition and dementia, drawing a sub-sample of over 4,000 LASI respondents aged 60 or older. Respondents underwent a battery of cognitive tests, while their informants were interviewed about their cognitive and health conditions. A common set of cognitive tests was selected to enable international comparisons, and additional cognitive tests suitable for illiterate and innumerate populations were also selected. Rich data on risk factors of dementia were collected through health examinations, venous blood assays, and genotyping. The response rate was 82.9%, varying across sex, education, and urbanicity. LASI-DAD provides an opportunity to study late-life cognition and dementia and their risk factors in the older population in India and to gain further insights through cross-country analysis.