bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of anxiety and distress following receipt of positive screening tests in Australia’s HPV-based cervical screening programme: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Dodd Rachael Helen , Mac Olivia , Brotherton Julia M L , Cvejic Erin , McCaffery Kirsten J 
Published: January 2020

Objective
From December 2017, the Australian National Cervical Screening Program commenced 5 yearly primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening; one of the first high-income countries to implement primary HPV screening. This study aimed to examine the psychosocial impact of self-reporting testing HPV positive in a sample of women screened since the renewal of the programme.

Methods
Women in Australia aged 25–74 years who reported participating in cervical screening since December 2017 were recruited through an online market research company to complete a cross-sectional survey. The primary outcomes were anxiety and general distress.

Results
1004 women completed the online survey; 80.9% reported testing HPV negative (HPV−), 6.5% reported testing HPV positive (HPV+) and 12.9% did not know/remember their test result. Women who reported testing HPV+ had significantly poorer psychological outcomes on a range of measures. Those who reported testing HPV+ had higher anxiety scores (53.03 vs 43.58 out of 80, p<0.001), showed more general distress (3.94 vs 2.52 out of 12, p=0.004), concern about their test result (5.02 vs 2.37, p<0.001), expressed greater distress about their test result (7.06 vs 4.74, p<0.001) and cancer worry (quite or very worried 35.4% vs 11.6%, p<0.001) than women who reported testing HPV−. Concern regarding test results was also significantly higher in women who did not know/remember their test result (3.20 vs 2.37, p<0.001) compared with women who reported testing HPV−. Women who reported testing HPV+ had greater knowledge of HPV (9.25 vs 6.62, p<0.001) and HPV testing (2.44 vs 1.30, p<0.001) than women who reported testing HPV−.

Conclusions
Receipt of an HPV+ test result was associated with high levels of anxiety and distress, which reached clinical significance. Further work is needed to understand whether distress and concern could be reduced by ensuring all women receive high-quality standardised information with their results or by other interventions.
On trilinear terms in the scalar potential of 3-3-1 gauge models
Authors: Palcu Adrian 
Published: January 2020

The trilinear terms of the form [Formula: see text] in the scalar potential of a 3-3-1 gauge model are considered. When looking for the eigenbasis of the massive physical Higgs bosons that survive the spontaneous symmetry breakdown of the model — in light of the observed SM-like Higgs boson with mass [Formula: see text] GeV reported in 2012 at the LHC — one gets a strong constraint to the cubic term. It has to be [Formula: see text], in flagrant contradiction with the large one [Formula: see text] which is propagated in the literature to date.
BENIGN APPROACH OFCANTHIUM PARVIFLORUMAS A BIOINHIBITOR FOR MILD STEEL CORROSION IN 0.5 M H2SO4MEDIUM
Authors: KARTHICK K. A. , BHUVANESHWARI D. S. , UMAPATHI D. , RAJA PANDIAN BOTHI 
Published: January 2020

Canthium parviflorum leaf extract (CPLE) was utilized for corrosion prevention against mild steel (MS) in 0.5[Formula: see text]mol[Formula: see text]L[Formula: see text] H2SO4test medium. Standard corrosion measurement techniques (gravimetric and electrochemical) were employed for this purpose. Gravimetric tests clearly confirmed that the prepared CPLE efficiently performs as corrosion inhibitor. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements (PPM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements were performed in order to analyze the charge transfer process of CPLE. Polarization curves indicate that CPLE acts through mixed mode inhibition. Impedance study reveals that the CPLE additives enhances the charge transfer resistance values and conversely decreases values of double layer capacitance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy analysis and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were done to confirm the Fe-CPLE complex formation on MS. The effect of temperature reveals that the inhibition efficiency increases with decrease in temperature and increase in concentration of CPLE (maximum of 4[Formula: see text]mg[Formula: see text]L[Formula: see text]). The adsorption of CPLE shows that it obeys Langmuir’s isotherm model with free energy of adsorption, [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]kJ mol[Formula: see text]. A suitable adsorption model is also proposed.
Trends in Proximal Interphalangeal and Metacarpophalangeal Joint Arthroplasty Utilization Using Statewide Databases
Authors: Vranis Neil M. , Marascalchi Bryan , Melamed Eitan 
Published: January 2020

Background: Arthritis can have profound debilitating effects on the hand secondary to finger deformities and pain. Arthroplasty of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) can be performed to reduce pain while maintaining joint range of motion. Methods: We used outpatient surgery registries from the states of California and Florida to assess the trends of arthroplasty across several recent years and to determine if the outcomes differ based on disease etiology. Results: We found that there has been a steady decline in number of MCP arthroplasty procedures performed annually between 2005 and 2011 while PIP arthroplasty procedures peaked in 2007 and have since also declined. There was an overall complication rate of 2.4% and no difference in cardiac, respiratory, deep venous thrombosis and infection between patients with osteoarthritis and other arthritic etiologies. However, the risk of device failure in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is found to be significantly higher than for patients with osteoarthritis (p < 0.01). Conclusions: PIP and MCP arthroplasty are safe procedures with an overall low complication rate. The increased risk of device related complications observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis can be used to appropriately counsel this patient population regarding post-operative expectations and prognosis.
Cardiorespiratory fitness estimation from heart rate and body movement in daily life
Authors: Bonomi Alberto G. , ten Hoor Gill A. , de Morree Helma M. , Plasqui Guy , Sartor Francesco 
Published: January 2020

Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) increases risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events. Periodic CRF assessment can have an important preventive function. The objective of this study was to develop a protocol-free method to estimate CRF in daily life based on heart rate (HR) and body acceleration measurements. Acceleration and HR data were collected from 37 subjects (men = 49%) while they performed a standardized laboratory activity protocol (sitting, walking, running, cycling) and during a 5-day free-living monitoring period. CRF was determined by oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) during maximal exercise testing. A doubly labeled water-validated equation was used to predict total energy expenditure (TEE) from acceleration data. A fitness index was defined as the ratio between TEE and HR (TEE-pulse). Activity recognition techniques were used to process acceleration features and classify sedentary, ambulatory, and other activity types. Regression equations based on TEE-pulse data from each activity type were developed to predict V̇o2max. TEE-pulse measured within each activity type of the laboratory protocol was highly correlated with V̇o2max ( r from 0.74–0.91). Averaging the outcome of each activity-type specific equation based on TEE-pulse from the laboratory data led to accurate estimates of V̇o2max [root mean square error (RMSE): 300 mL O2/min, or 10%]. The difference between laboratory and free-living determined TEE-pulse was 3.7 ± 11% ( r = 0.85). The prediction method preserved the prediction accuracy when applied to free-living data (RMSE: 367 mL O2/min, or 12%). Measurements of body acceleration and HR can be used to predict V̇o2max in daily life. Activity-specific prediction equations are needed to achieve highly accurate estimates of CRF. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is among the very few studies validating, in free-living conditions, a method to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness using heart rate and body acceleration data. A novel parameter called TEE-pulse, which was defined as the ratio between accelerometer-determined energy expenditure and heart rate, was highly correlated with maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max). Activity classification and the use of activity-selective prediction equations outperformed previously published methods for estimating V̇o2max from heart rate and acceleration data.
FDA Approval Summary: Atezolizumab Plus Paclitaxel Protein-bound for the Treatment of Patients with Advanced or Metastatic TNBC Whose Tumors Express PD-L1
Authors: Narayan Preeti , Wahby Sakar , Gao Jennifer J. , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Ibrahim Amna , Bloomquist Erik , Tang Shenghui , Xu Yuan , Liu Jiang , Fu Wentao , Song Pengfei , King-Kallimanis Bellinda L. , Hou Sherry , Gong Yutao , Kalavar Shyam , Ghosh Soma , Philip Reena , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Theoret Marc R. , Blumenthal Gideon M. , Kluetz Paul G. , Sridhara Rajeshwari , Pazdur Richard , Beaver Julia A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
On March 8, 2019, the FDA granted accelerated approval to atezolizumab in combination with paclitaxel protein-bound for the treatment of adult patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) whose tumors express PD-L1 [PD-L1 stained tumor-infiltrating immune cells (IC) of any intensity covering ≥1% of the tumor area], as determined by an FDA-approved test. Approval was based on data from IMpassion130, which randomized patients to receive atezolizumab or placebo in combination with paclitaxel protein-bound. Investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) and PD-L1–positive populations were coprimary endpoints. After 13-month median follow-up, the estimated median PFS in the PD-L1–positive population was 7.4 months in the atezolizumab arm and 4.8 months in the placebo arm [HR = 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.48–0.77]. Overall survival (OS) results were immature with 43% deaths in the ITT population, representing 59% of the OS events required to perform the final OS analysis. Adverse reactions occurring in ≥20% of patients receiving atezolizumab with paclitaxel protein-bound were alopecia, peripheral neuropathies, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, anemia, constipation, cough, headache, neutropenia, vomiting, and decreased appetite. Accelerated approval was appropriate taking into account the unmet medical need along with the immaturity of the OS results and potential for PFS in the PD-L1–expressing population to predict clinical benefit.
Wnt Pathway Gene Expression Is Associated With Arterial Stiffness
Authors: Kuipers Allison L. , Miljkovic Iva , Barinas‐Mitchell Emma , Nestlerode Cara S. , Cvejkus Ryan K. , Wheeler Victor W. , Zhang Yingze , Zmuda Joseph M. 
Published: January 2020

Background
Animal and in vitro experiments implicate the Wnt pathway in cardiac development, fibrosis, vascular calcification, and atherosclerosis, but research in humans is lacking. We examined peripheral blood Wnt pathway gene expression and arterial stiffness in 369 healthy African ancestry men (mean age, 64 years).

Methods and Results

Gene expression was assessed using a custom Nanostring
nC
ounter gene expression panel (N=43 genes) and normalized to housekeeping genes and background signal. Arterial stiffness was assessed via brachial‐ankle pulse‐wave velocity. Fourteen Wnt genes showed detectable expression and were tested individually as predictors of pulse‐wave velocity using linear regression, adjusting for age, height, weight, blood pressure, medication use, resting heart rate, current smoking, alcohol intake, and sedentary lifestyle. Adenomatous polyposis coli regulator of Wnt signaling pathway (

APC

), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (

GSK
3B

), and transcription factor 4 (

TCF
4

) were significantly associated with arterial stiffness (
P
<0.05 for all). When entered into a single model,

APC

and

TCF
4

expression remained independently associated with arterial stiffness (
P
=0.04 and 0.003, respectively), and each explained ≈3% of the variance in pulse‐wave velocity.

Conclusions

The current study establishes a novel association between in vivo expression of the Wnt pathway genes,

APC

and

TCF
4

, with arterial stiffness in African ancestry men, a population at high risk of hypertensive vascular disease.
Shrinking biodiversity, dwindling taxonomy and building a broader science
Authors: BORKENT ART 
Published: January 2020

In proposing what might be the three leading questions in taxonomy, I have thought primarily about what might be the biggest barriers to taxonomists accurately describing the species on our planet and interpreting their phylogenetic relationships within a historical context. I have generally used the vernacular and examples of issues which I know as a dipterist (fly taxonomist). I apologize to my colleagues working on other groups but hope to be pardoned in the recognition that the problems identified below do appear to apply to our broader taxonomic community. 1. What are the impacts of the rapid rate of present day extinctions? 2. What is the future for taxonomists themselves? 3. What are some of the impacts of technology?
Atmosphere–Ocean Interactions and Their Footprint on Heat Transport Variability in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Liu Yang , Attema Jisk , Hazeleger Wilco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInteractions between the atmosphere and ocean play a crucial role in redistributing energy, thereby maintaining the energy balance of the climate system. Here, we examine the compensation between the atmosphere and ocean’s heat transport variations. Motivated by previous studies with mostly numerical climate models, this so-called Bjerknes compensation is studied using reanalysis datasets. We find that atmospheric energy transport (AMET) and oceanic energy transport (OMET) variability generally agree well among the reanalysis datasets. With multiple reanalysis products, we show that Bjerknes compensation is present at almost all latitudes from 40° to 70°N in the Northern Hemisphere from interannual to decadal time scales. The compensation rates peak at different latitudes across different time scales, but they are always located in the subtropical and subpolar regions. Unlike some experiments with numerical climate models, which attribute the compensation to the variation of transient eddy transports in response to the changes of OMET at multidecadal time scales, we find that the response of mean flow to the OMET variability leads to the Bjerknes compensation, and thus the shift of the Ferrel cell at midlatitudes at decadal time scales in winter. This cell itself is driven by the eddy momentum flux. The oceanic response to AMET variations is primarily wind driven. In summer, there is hardly any compensation and the proposed mechanism is not applicable. Given the short historical records, we cannot determine whether the ocean drives the atmospheric variations or the reverse.
A Heuristic Approach for Precipitation Data Assimilation: Effect of Forecast Errors and Assimilation of NCEP Stage IV Precipitation Analyses
Authors: Pérez Hortal Andrés A. , Zawadzki Isztar , Yau M. K. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Recently, Pérez Hortal et al. introduced a simple data assimilation (DA) technique named localized ensemble mosaic assimilation (LEMA) for the assimilation of radar-derived precipitation observations. The method constructs an analysis by assigning to each model grid point the information from the ensemble member that is locally closest to the precipitation observations. This study explores the effects of the forecasts errors in the performance of the method using a series of observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) with different magnitudes of forecast errors employing a small ensemble of 20 members. The ideal experiments show that LEMA is able to produce forecasts with considerable and long-lived error reductions in the fields of precipitation, temperature, humidity, and wind. Nonetheless, the quality of the analysis deteriorates with increasing forecast errors beyond the spread of the ensemble. To overcome this limitation, we expand the spread of the ensemble used to construct the analysis mosaic by considering states at different times and states from forecasts initialized at different times (lagged forecasts). The ideal experiments show that the additional information in the expanded ensemble improves the performance of LEMA, producing larger and long-lived improvements in the state variables and in the precipitation forecast quality. Finally, the potential of LEMA is explored in real DA experiments using actual Stage IV precipitation observations. When LEMA uses only the background members, the quality of the precipitation forecast shows small or no improvements. However, the expanded ensemble improves the LEMA’s effectiveness, producing larger and more persistent improvements in precipitation forecasts.
Assessment of ECMWF SEAS5 Seasonal Forecast Performance over South America
Authors: Gubler S. , Sedlmeier K. , Bhend J. , Avalos G. , Coelho C. A. S. , Escajadillo Y. , Jacques-Coper M. , Martinez R. , Schwierz C. , de Skansi M. , Spirig Ch. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSeasonal predictions have a great socioeconomic potential if they are reliable and skillful. In this study, we assess the prediction performance of SEAS5, version 5 of the seasonal prediction system of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), over South America against homogenized station data. For temperature, we find the highest prediction performances in the tropics during austral summer, where the probability that the predictions correctly discriminate different observed outcomes is 70%. In regions lying to the east of the Andes, the predictions of maximum and minimum temperature still exhibit considerable performance, while farther to the south in Chile and Argentina the temperature prediction performance is low. Generally, the prediction performance of minimum temperature is slightly lower than for maximum temperature. The prediction performance of precipitation is generally lower and spatially and temporally more variable than for temperature. The highest prediction performance is observed at the coast and over the highlands of Colombia and Ecuador, over the northeastern part of Brazil, and over an isolated region to the north of Uruguay during DJF. In general, Niño-3.4 has a strong influence on both air temperature and precipitation in the regions where ECMWF SEAS5 shows high performance, in some regions through teleconnections (e.g., to the north of Uruguay). However, we show that SEAS5 outperforms a simple empirical prediction based on Niño-3.4 in most regions where the prediction performance of the dynamical model is high, thereby supporting the potential benefit of using a dynamical model instead of statistical relationships for predictions at the seasonal scale.
Management of Sharp-Pointed Esophageal Foreign-Body Impaction With Rigid Endoscopy: A Retrospective Study of 130 Adult Patients
Authors: Feng Shui , Peng Hong , Xie Hong , Bai Yunbo , Yin Jinshu 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To propose a management algorithm for adult patients with sharp-pointed esophageal foreign-body impaction (EFBI) who have rigid endoscopy (RE) indications and to conduct a retrospective analysis of their data. Methods: All adult patients who received RE at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Beijing Shijitan Hospital between January 2017 and May 2019 were enrolled. The demographics, clinical characteristics, and management data were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 130 patients were identified, 56.9% were female with median age 60 years. More than half (56.9%) of patients had foreign-body (FB) ingestion on holidays. The most frequent FBs were jujube pits (66.9%) and bones (23.8%). There is a significant female predominance in ingestion of jujube pits (65.5%, P = .005). The most common symptoms were odynophagia (49.2%) and sore throat (47.7%). The majority (96.8%) of FB founded were lodged at upper esophagus. In all, 74 patients were categorized as having mild complications and 54 having significant complications. Time interval from ingestion to presentation longer than 15 hours was an independent risk factor for significant complications, while esophagogram with barium as a protective factor. Conclusions: Long-time interval from ingestion to presentation will lead to high risk of significant complications. Computed tomography should be a prioritized imaging method for all patients suspected with EFBI, and multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended. Besides, mass education on eating habits is necessary.
Soft tissue necrosis in patients treated with transoral robotic surgery and postoperative radiotherapy: preliminary results
Authors: Alterio Daniela , Tagliabue Marta , Muto Matteo , Zorzi Stefano , Volpe Stefania , Gandini Sara , Sibio Daniela , Bayır Ömer , Marvaso Giulia , Ferrari Annamaria , Bruschini Roberto , Cossu Rocca Maria , Preda Lorenzo , Marangoni Roberta , Starzynska Anna , Vigorito Sabrina , Ansarin Mohssen , Jereczek-Fossa Barbara Alicja 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is indicated in almost two-thirds of patients treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for head and neck tumors. The aim of this study was to quantify the toxicity profile of patients treated with PORT after TORS in oropharyngeal and supraglottic laryngeal cancer focusing on soft tissue necrosis (STN). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 28 patients. Acute and late toxicity were examined. Incidence and severity of STN were recorded. Results: No patient experienced acute grade 3 skin or mucosal toxicity; 1 patient had grade 3 dysphagia. At 12 months, no evaluated patient required enteral nutrition and 2 patients had tracheostomy. STN occurred in 4 (14%) patients: 3 out of 4 (75%) patients with STN had diabetes, whereas 6 out of 13 (25%) patients without STN had diabetes ( p = 0.05). Conclusion: We found an acceptable toxicity profile of PORT performed after a TORS procedure. Diabetes mellitus might be a risk factor for STN.
In-vivo three-dimensional motion analysis of the wrist during dart-throwing motion after midcarpal fusion and radioscapholunate fusion
Authors: Reissner Lisa , Politikou Olga , Fischer Gabriella , Calcagni Maurizio 
Published: January 2020

We recorded the dart-throwing motion and basic motion tasks in patients following radioscapholunate fusion and midcarpal fusion with a three-dimensional motion capture system in vivo, using digital infrared cameras to track the movement of reflective skin markers on the hand and forearm. During the dart-throwing motion, 20 healthy volunteers showed a median range of motion of 107°. As expected, patients had significantly reduced wrist range of motion during basic motion tasks and dart-throwing motion compared with the healthy controls, except for ulnar flexion occurring in the dart-throwing motion in patients treated by midcarpal fusion and radial deviation after midcarpal fusion or radioscapholunate fusion. In addition, patients who had undergone radioscapholunate fusion had significantly reduced range of motion during dart-throwing motion compared with patients after midcarpal fusion.