bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomass Production with Conservation Practices for Two Iowa Watersheds
Authors: Ha Miae , Wu May , Tomer Mark D. , Gassman Philip W. , Isenhart Thomas M. , Arnold Jeffrey G. , White Michael J. , Parish Esther S. , Comer Kevin S. , Belden Bill 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHydrologic modeling was used to estimate potential changes in nutrients, suspended sediment, and streamflow in various biomass production scenarios with conservation practices under different landscape designs. Two major corn and soybean croplands were selected for study: the South Fork of the Iowa River watershed and the headwater of the Raccoon River watershed. A physically based model, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool, was used to simulate hydrology and water quality under different scenarios with conservation practices and biomass production. Scenarios are based on conservation practices and biomass production; riparian buffer (RB), saturated buffer, and grassed waterways; various stover harvest rates of 30%, 45%, and 70% with and without winter cover crops; and conversion of marginal land to switchgrass. Conservation practices and landscape design with different biomass feedstocks were shown to significantly improve water quality while supporting sustainable biomass production. Model results for nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediments were analyzed temporally at spatial scales that varied from hydrologic response units to the entire watershed. With conservation practices, water quality could potentially improve by reducing nitrogen loads by up to 20%–30% (stover harvest with cover crop), phosphorus loads by 20%–40% (RB), and sediment loads by 30%–70% (stover harvest with cover crop and RB).
Chromosome‐level genome assembly for the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides provides insights into adaptation to fresh and brackish water
Authors: Sun Chengfei , Li Jia , Dong Junjian , Niu Yongchao , Hu Jie , Lian Jinmin , Li Wuhui , Li Jiang , Tian Yuanyuan , Shi Qiong , Ye Xing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLargemouth bass (LMB; Micropterus salmoides) has been an economically important fish in North America, Europe, and China. This study obtained a chromosome‐level genome assembly of LMB using PacBio and Hi‐C sequencing. The final assembled genome is 964 Mb, with contig N50 and scaffold N50 values of 1.23 Mb and 36.48 Mb, respectively. Combining with RNA sequencing data, we annotated a total of 23,701 genes. Chromosomal assembly and syntenic analysis proved that, unlike most Perciformes with the popular haploid chromosome number of 24, LMB has only 23 chromosomes (Chr), among which the Chr1 seems to be resulted from a chromosomal fusion event. LMB is phylogenetically closely related to European seabass and spotted seabass, diverging 64.1 million years ago (mya) from the two seabass species. Eight gene families comprising 294 genes associated with ionic regulation were identified through positive selection, transcriptome and genome comparisons. These genes involved in iron facilitated diffusion (such as claudin, aquaporins, sodium channel protein and so on) and others related to ion active transport (such as sodium/potassium‐transporting ATPase and sodium/calcium exchanger). The claudin gene family, which is critical for regulating cell tight junctions and osmotic homeostasis, showed a significant expansion in LMB with 27 family members and 68 copies for salinity adaptation. In summary, we reported the first high‐quality LMB genome, and provided insights into the molecular mechanisms of LMB adaptation to fresh and brackish water. The chromosome‐level LMB genome will also be a valuable genomic resource for in‐depth biological and evolutionary studies, germplasm conservation and genetic breeding of LMB.
High quality genome of Erigeron breviscapus provides a reference for herbal plants in Asteraceae
Authors: He Simei , Dong Xiao , Zhang Guanghui , Fan Wei , Duan Shengchang , Shi Hong , Li Dawei , Li Rui , Chen Geng , Long Guangqiang , Zhao Yan , Chen Mo , Yan Mi , Yang Jianli , Lu Yingchun , Zhou Yanli , Chen Wei , Dong Yang , Yang Shengchao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractErigeron breviscapus is an important medicinal plant in Compositae and the first species to realize the whole process from the decoding of the draft genome sequence to scutellarin biosynthesis in yeast. However, the previous low‐quality genome assembly has hindered the optimization of candidate genes involved in scutellarin synthesis and the development of molecular‐assisted breeding based on the genome. Here, the E. breviscapus genome was updated using PacBio RSII sequencing data and Hi‐C data, and increased in size from 1.2 Gb to 1.43 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 156.82 Mb and contig N50 of 140.95 kb, and a total of 43,514 protein‐coding genes were obtained and oriented onto nine pseudo‐chromosomes, thus becoming the third plant species assembled to chromosome level after sunflower and lettuce in Compositae. Fourteen genes with evidence for positive selection were identified and found to be related to leaf morphology, flowering and secondary metabolism. The number of genes in some gene families involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in E. breviscapus have been significantly expanded. In particular, additional candidate genes involved in scutellarin biosynthesis, such as flavonoid‐7‐O‐glucuronosyltransferase genes (F7GATs) were identified using updated genome. In addition, three candidate genes encoding indole‐3‐pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA2 (YUC2), serine carboxypeptidase‐like 18 (SCPL18), and F‐box protein (FBP), respectively, were identified to be probably related to leaf development and flowering by resequencing 99 individuals. These results provided a substantial genetic basis for improving agronomic and quality traits of E. breviscapus, and provided a platform for improving other draft genome assemblies to chromosome‐level.
Adverse Selection, Diversion of Resources, and Conservatism*
Authors: Liao Pei‐Cheng , Ma Guang , Radhakrishnan Suresh 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTWe consider an investor's choice of conservative reporting, bonus payments, and investment decisions in the presence of the hidden‐information agency problem of a manager's productivity and the hidden‐action agency problem of a manager's diversion of resources. It is important to consider the hidden‐action and hidden‐information agency problems in isolation and their interaction to gain insights into the drivers of demand for conservatism. We show that the conservative (nonconservative) regime is optimal for the high‐productivity (low‐productivity) manager when both agency problems exist, even though the nonconservative regime is optimal for both the high‐ and low‐productivity managers when only the hidden‐action or the hidden‐information problem exists. Essentially, the low‐productivity manager can misrepresent as the high‐productivity manager to obtain high investment levels and divert resources only in the presence of both agency problems. This added layer of agency problem creates the demand for conservatism and highlights the importance of the interaction between the hidden‐action and hidden‐information agency problems. Furthermore, we show that as the conservatism level increases (i) the optimal investment level conditional on a good report for the high‐productivity manager increases and approaches the first‐best level (i.e., ex‐post investment efficiency increases); (ii) the expected optimal investment level for the high‐productivity manager decreases and diverges from the expected first‐best level (i.e., ex‐ante investment efficiency decreases); and (iii) the expected bonus payment to the high‐ and low‐productivity managers decreases. These findings provide insights into how the demand for conservatism arises in the presence of both hidden‐information and hidden‐action agency problems and provide empirical guidance relating conservatism to investment efficiency.
The Importance of Director External Social Networks to Stock Price Crash Risk*
Authors: Fang Xiaohua , Pittman Jeffrey , Zhao Yuping 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTPrior research documents that information transmitted via director networks affects firms' policies and real economic activities. Given a manager's potential monopoly over firm information, it is important to analyze whether information transmission through director social networks undermines the manager's control. Specifically, we explore whether information flow through director networks influences managers' ability to hoard bad news. We predict and find that the extent of external connections of the board of directors is negatively associated with future stock price crash risk. Additional analysis implies that this evidence is driven by firms with more powerful executives, with weaker auditor monitoring, or subject to strong investor protection, and by directors with greater monitoring incentives or responsibilities and directors with less firm‐specific knowledge. Collectively, our research lends empirical support for the monitoring view under which better‐informed directors narrow the scope for bad news hoarding evident in stock price crash risk. In another series of tests, we fail to find evidence consistent with the information leakage view under which directors pass sensitive firm‐specific information to connections that trade on the information before its public release. Other analysis helps dispel the concern that the endogenous match between directors and companies is spuriously responsible for our core results. Our empirical findings have important implications on how social networks affect the proper functioning of capital markets.
Type I interferons and related pathways in cell senescence
Authors: Frisch Steven M. , MacFawn Ian P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis review article addresses the largely unanticipated convergence of two landmark discoveries. The first is the discovery of interferons, critical signaling molecules for all aspects of both innate and adaptive immunity, discovered originally by Isaacs and Lindenmann at the National Institute for Medical Research, London, in 1957 (Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 1957, 147, 258). The second, formerly unrelated discovery, by Leonard Hayflick and Paul Moorhead (Wistar Institute, Philadelphia) is that cultured cells undergo an irreversible but viable growth arrest, termed senescence, after a finite and predictable number of cell divisions (Experimental Cell Research, 1961, 25, 585). This phenomenon was suspected to relate to organismal aging, which was confirmed subsequently (Nature, 2011, 479, 232). Cell senescence has broad‐ranging implications for normal homeostasis, including immunity, and for diverse disease states, including cancer progression and response to therapy (Nature Medicine, 2015, 21, 1424; Cell, 2019, 179, 813; Cell, 2017, 169, 1000; Trends in Cell Biology, 2018, 28, 436; Journal of Cell Biology, 2018, 217, 65). Here, we critically address the bidirectional interplay between interferons (focusing on type I) and cell senescence, with important implications for health and healthspan.
Long‐term mid‐onset dietary restriction rejuvenates hematopoietic stem cells and improves regeneration capacity of total bone marrow from aged mice
Authors: Tao Si , Wang Yiting , Wu Jianying , Zeng Ting , Cui Hui , Tao Zhendong , Lei Lang , Yu Li , Liu Anwen , Wang Hua , Zhang Liu , Tang Duozhuang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCurrently, the world's aging population is expanding rapidly, leading to a rise in aged hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients and aged donors. However, the age of donors is negatively related to the prognosis after transplantation due to functional decline in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during aging. Previously, we showed that an early‐onset dietary restriction (DR) significantly retards early aging of HSCs. However, the effects of a mid‐onset DR on HSCs remain unknown. In the current study, we performed 30% DR in 15‐ to 18‐month‐old mice (equivalent to 50–60 human years) for short‐term (4 months) and long‐term (9 months). We show that DR reduces and rectifies the imbalance of the HSC pool in aged mice. Short‐term DR improves hematopoietic reconstitution in purified HSC transplantations, but not in bone marrow transplantations. Intriguingly, long‐term mid‐onset DR improves the hematopoietic regeneration of aging HSCs with a particular enhancement of lymphoid outputs even in total bone marrow transplantation settings. Mechanistically, long‐term DR rejuvenates the aberrantly regulated mitochondrial pathways in aging HSCs and is accompanied by increased quiescence and reduced DNA damage signaling in HSCs. Short‐term DR showed a similar trend of rescuing these aging hallmarks but to a much lesser extent. Together, the current study suggests that mid‐onset DR ameliorates the function of aging HSCs and long‐term DR even improved hematopoietic reconstitution in bone marrow transplantation, which could potentially have considerable implications in HCT of humans when only old donors are available.
Liquidity and information asymmetry around unscheduled mining announcements
Authors: Katselas Dean , Sidhu Baljit K. , Yu Chuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper examines liquidity and information asymmetry around unanticipated disclosure events of Australian mining companies. We do so via bid‐ask spread decomposition in order to isolate the spread’s adverse selection component, around ‘progress report’ disclosures pertaining to mining activities. We find that abnormal bid‐ask spreads rise significantly leading up to progress report announcements, before rapidly dropping following the event. This effect is most pronounced in small firms, and announcements not preceded by another within the prior month. Upon controlling for the spread’s liquidity‐related component, we find that the abnormal spread significantly increases before initial announcements, with the effect continuing post‐announcement for positive surprise events.
Publication records of Australian accounting and finance faculty promoted to full professor, set within an international context
Authors: Goodacre Alan , Gaunt Clive , Henry Darren 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAustralian accounting and finance faculty promoted to full professor required a median 15 papers in ABDC‐listed journals, with 7 at the highest A*/A quality levels. Promotees were typically 44 years old, with 14 years' academic experience including 9 years post‐PhD. Neither gender nor whether promotion was internal/external seemed to affect promotion requirements. Finance professors typically had more publications than accounting professors, though not at the higher quality levels; however, accounting promotees had greater academic experience but a shorter period post‐PhD. Female promotees were typically older than males. Both the volume and quality of pre‐promotion publications have increased over time.
Computer‐delivered brief alcohol intervention for patients with liver disease: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cucciare Michael A. , Combs Ann S. , Joshi Gauri , Han Xiaotong , Humphreys Keith 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsReducing alcohol consumption by liver disease patients can reduce morbidity and mortality. This study compared a computer‐delivered brief alcohol intervention (cBAI) with standard care in a sample of US military veterans with liver disease.DesignMulti‐site, randomized controlled trial of a cBAI plus standard care (n = 67) versus standard care only (n = 71). Participants were assessed at baseline and 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up.SettingUS Veterans Health Administration liver clinics.ParticipantsParticipants were mostly male and diagnosed with hepatitis C.Interventions and comparatorsA cBAI tailored to veterans with liver disease and consisting of assessment and personalized feedback. Standard care was brief education and advice about alcohol and liver disease.MeasurementPrimary outcomes were self‐reported number of drinking days and unhealthy drinking days (defined as more than two drinks for men and more than one for women) in the past 30 days at 6‐month follow‐up. Secondary outcomes were these two variables at 3‐month follow‐up, and drinks consumed per drinking day, depression and overall health at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups. Missing data were imputed using multiple imputation.FindingsCompared with standard care, cBAI participants reported significantly fewer drinking days at 6‐month follow‐up and fewer unhealthy drinking days at both 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups. Least square means (LS‐means) for number of drinking days were 3.78 for the cBAI condition and 6.89 for the standard care condition at 6 months [LS‐mean ratio = 3.78/6.89 = 0.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.34, 0.89]. LS‐means for number of unhealthy drinking days were 1.04 for the cBAI condition and 2.57 for the standard care condition at 3‐month follow‐up (LS‐mean ratio = 1.04/2.57 = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.19, 0.85). At 6‐months follow‐up, LS‐means were 1.18 for the cBAI condition and 2.75 for the standard care condition (LS‐mean ratio = 1.18/2.75 = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.20, 0.91).ConclusionsA computer‐delivered brief alcohol intervention reduced drinking days and unhealthy drinking days at 6‐month follow up in military veterans with liver disease compared with brief education and advice to reduce consumption.
The use of enamel matrix derivative in the treatment of class II furcation defects: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Soares Diego Moura , de Melo Jéssica Gomes Alcoforado , Barboza Carlos Augusto Galvão , Alves Renato de Vasconcelos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in the regeneration of class II furcation defects, used alone or in conjunction with biomaterials.MethodsElectronic database searches and hand searches were carried out and double‐blind randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of EMD in class II furcation therapy were included, and a meta‐analysis comparing the effect of open flap debridement (OFD) + βTCP/HA with and without EMD was carried out.ResultsThe initial search resulted in a total of 298 articles, after removing the duplicates and exclusions after analysing the titles, abstracts and full text, five studies were included for the qualitative synthesis and two for the quantitative analysis. The meta‐analysis showed no statistical difference when comparing OFD + βTCP/ HA with or without EMD in the treatment of furcation defects in any of the evaluated parameters. According to GRADE, the certainty of the evidence for the variables evaluated was moderate.ConclusionThe therapeutic modalities studied improved the periodontal clinical parameters of class II furcations, but the use of EMD in the treatment of these defects did not contribute to a clinical improvement that justified its use associated with the therapies/biomaterials. It is important to emphasize the need for more studies with larger samples to increase the certainty of the evidence reported in this review.
Prognostic analysis for children with hepatoblastoma with lung metastasis: A single‐center analysis of 98 cases
Authors: Hu Huimin , Zhang Weiling , Wang Yizhuo , Zhang Yi , Yi You , Gao Yanan , Chen Liping , Huang Dongsheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of hepatoblastoma (HB) with lung metastasis in children.MethodsThe HB patients with lung metastases admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University were collected. The clinical data, overall results, and prognostic factors were analyzed. Multivariate analysis was done by the Cox proportional hazards model for patients’ prognosis.ResultsFinally, 98 HB patients (64 boys and 34 girls) with lung metastasis met the inclusion criteria, in which 64 patients had lung metastases at diagnosis (median age, 22.3 months) and 34 patients developed lung metastases while on treatment (median time, 6.5 months). The survival time and 5‐year survival rate of patients with standard treatment were significantly longer than that of without standard treatment (P < .001). The survival time and 3‐year survival rate had no difference between patients underwent lung metastasectomy and without lung metastasectomy (P = .099), between different diagnosis time of lung metastasis in HB patients (P = .37), between each histology type (P = .313), and different PRETEXT stage (P = .353). While the survival time and 3‐year survival rate of patients with lung metastasis alone were significantly longer than that of patients with extrapulmonary involvement (P = .007). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that the lung metastasis accompanied with extrapulmonary involvement was a risk factor affecting prognosis (HR = 0.460, 95% CI 0.239‐0.888).ConclusionsFor HB children with lung metastatic, extrapulmonary involvement might be a high‐risk factor of prognosis and standardized treatment with lung metastasectomy might prolong the survival time of them.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor‐associated myositis and myasthenia gravis overlap: Understanding the diversity in a case series
Authors: Wong Evelyn Yi Ting , Yong Ming Hui , Yong Kok Pin , Tan Eng Huat , Toh Chee Keong , Kanesvaran Ravindran , Takano Angela , Ng Quan Sing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have improved survival across tumor types however they cause immune‐related toxicities through removal of the inhibition of auto‐reactive T cells. In this case review, we present 4 patients with metastatic cancer who developed de‐novo neuromuscular side effects of myositis with overlapping seropositive myasthenia gravis after ICI treatment. Declaration: This study was performed in accordance to the ethical standards set by the SingHealth Institutional Review Board, with consent taken from living patients and waiver of consent from deceased patients (CIRB Ref 2019/2485). Supporting data were collected from our institution's digital medical records system.
Histopathological findings in COVID‐19‐induced cutaneous lesions. Clinicopathological correlation of SARS‐CoV‐19 dermatologic patterns: review of the literature
Authors: Nieto‐Benito Lula María , Hernández de la Torre‐Ruiz Elisa , Balaguer‐Franch Inmaculada , Rosell‐Díaz Ángel Manuel , Mateos‐Mayo Ana , Herrero‐Sanchez Alejandro , Lacasta‐Plasín Clara , García‐Piqueras Paloma , Barchino‐Ortiz Lucía , Bergón‐Sendín Marta , Pulido‐Pérez Ana , Baniandrés‐Rodríguez Ofelia , Rodriguez‐Lomba Enrique , Molina‐Lopez Irene , Suárez‐Fernandez Ricardo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn increasing number of publications have brought attention to COVID‐19‐associated cutaneous lesions. Histopathological descriptions and clinical correlation of the histopathological findings of COVID‐19 skin lesions are lacking. In this manuscript, we reviewed and described the histopathological characteristics of COVID‐19 infection cutaneous patterns reported in the literature.