bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of task-shifting for the detection of diabetic retinopathy in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review protocol.
Authors: Bascaran Covadonga , Mwangi Nyawira , D’Esposito Fabrizio , Gordon Iris , Ulloa Juan Alberto Lopez , Md Shaffi , Ramke Jacqueline , Evans Jennifer R , Burton Matthew 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy is the most common ocular complication of diabetes and a cause of vision loss in adults. Diabetic retinopathy screening leading to early identification of the disease, followed by timely treatment, can prevent vision loss in people living with diabetes. A key barrier to the implementation of screening services in low- and middle-income countries is the low number of ophthalmologists per million population. Interventions that shift screening to non-ophthalmology cadres have been implemented in programmes in low- and middle-income countries and are routinely used in high-income countries. Methods We will search MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health and Cochrane Register of Studies for studies reporting task-shifting interventions for diabetic retinopathy detection. The review will include studies published in the last 10 years in the English language. We will include any interventional or observational comparative study measuring outcomes in terms of participation or access to diabetic retinopathy detection services (uptake) and quality of diabetic retinopathy detection services (detection, severity, diagnostic accuracy). For included studies cost-effectiveness of the task-shifting intervention will also be presented. Two reviewers will screen search results independently. The risk of bias assessment and data extraction will be carried out by one reviewer with verification of 10% of the papers by a second reviewer. The results will be synthesised narratively. Discussion The aim of this rapid review is to summarise the published literature reporting the effectiveness of task-shifting interventions for the detection of diabetic retinopathy by non-ophthalmologists low- and middle-income countries. The results will be of interest to policy makers and programme managers tasked with designing and implementing services to prevent and manage diabetes and its complications in similar settings. Rapid review registration OSF: osf.io/h5wgr
A Robust Optimization Method on the Transmission System of the Cutting Unit of Shearer
Authors: Gao Hongbin , Chen Junjun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The transmission system of the cutting unit of shearer is divided into three basic components: planetary reduction form, one gear on one shaft form and a double gears on one shaft. The dynamic differential equations of three basic components are established respectively, and the volume functions of each structure are obtained. The characteristics of the internal excitation of the transmission system are analyzed, and the solution methods of the motion parameters of each component are obtained based on the harmonic balance method. Taking the parameters such as tooth number, modulus and tooth width as optimized variables, and a robust optimization method with the minimum value of multi-parameter evaluation function weighted linearly by dimensionless volume and vibration for the transmission system of the cutting unit of shearer is presented. Taking a certain type of shearer as an example, the transmission system of the cutting unit is optimized by using the presented method. After the design, the size is reduced by 5.4%, the maximum torsional acceleration of the drum is reduced by 17.8%, and the maximum torsional acceleration of the first gear is reduced by 9.6%. The results show that the design method can reduce the manufacturing cost of shearer and reduce the failure rate of the cutting unit.
Mucin degrader Akkermansia muciniphila accelerates intestinal epithelial regeneration and repairs damaged intestinal mucosa
Authors: Kweon Mi-Na , Kim Seungil , Kim Tae-Young , Kim Yeji , Lee Yong-Soo , Lee Su-Hyun , Kim Mi-Na 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Mucin-degrading bacteria are densely populated in the intestinal epithelium; however, their interaction with intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and their progeny has not been elucidated. To determine whether mucin-degrading bacteria play a role in gut homeostasis, mice were treated with Akkermansia muciniphila, a specialized species that degrades mucin. A total of 32 fecal samples were obtained from healthy volunteers and A. muciniphila was isolated from 11 samples. Mechanism of A. muciniphila was observed in vivo and in vitro, and studied using organoids, histology, metagenomics, and whole genome sequencing.Results: We found that administration of A. muciniphila for 4 weeks accelerated theproliferation of Lgr5+ ISCs and promoted the differentiation of Paneth cells and goblet cells in the small intestine (SI). The levels of acetic and propionic acids were higher in the cecal contents of A. muciniphila-treated mice than in PBS-treated mice. SI organoids treated with cecal content supernatant obtained from A. muciniphila-treated mice were larger and could be diminished by treatment with G protein-coupled receptor (Gpr)41/43 antagonists. Pre- treatment of mice with A. muciniphila reduced gut damage caused by radiation and methotrexate. A novel isotype of A. muciniphila strain was isolated from heathy human feces that possessed improved functions for intestinal epithelial regeneration.Conclusions: These findings suggest that mucin-degrading bacteria (such as A. muciniphila)may play a crucial role in promoting ISC-mediated epithelial development and contribute to intestinal homeostasis maintenance.
Comparative Investigation of Different Telemetric Methods for Measuring Intracranial Pressure: A Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Rot Sergej , Dweek Mamon , Gutowski Pawel , Goelz Leonie , Meier Ullrich , Lemcke Johannes 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) plays an important role in long-term monitoring and neuro-intensive treatment of patients with a cerebral shunt. Currently, only two complete telemetric implants with different technical features are available worldwide. This prospective pilot study aims to examine patients who had both probes implanted at overlapping times for clinical reasons and represents the first in vivo comparison of both measurement methods. Materials and methods: Patients with a primary subarachnoid hemorrhage or a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular hemorrhage who had received a telemetric ICP probe (Raumedic® NEUROVENT®-P-tel) were included in the study. Conventional external ventricular drainages (EVD) and ventriculoperitoneal shunts with a telemetric ICP probe (Miethke Sensor Reservoir) were implanted in patients with hydrocephalus who required CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) drainage. ICP values from all systems were obtained. Due to the overlapping implantation time, parallel ICP measurements were performed via two devices simultaneously. ICP measurements via the sensor reservoir were repeated after three, six and twelve months. Differences between the ICP values measured via the NEUROVENT®-P-tel probe, the Miethke sensor reservoir®, and the EVD were analyzed. Results: Sixteen patients were included in the present study between 2016 and 2018. 63% of all patients were male. In 11 patients the ICP measurements were followed up with both devices for 3 months. ICP measurements of the sensor reservoirs showed corresponding trends in 9 cases compared to ICP measurement via the telemetry probe or EVD. Difference in ICP values ranged between 14.5 mmHg and 0.0 mmHg. The average difference of the ICP values in 8 cases was ≤ 3.5 mmHg. Conclusion: ICP measurements with both systems continuously showed synchronous ICP values, however absolute values of ICP measurement with the different systems did not match.
The prognostic value of CA19-9, D-dimer and expression of TNFAIP3(A20) protein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Xu Peng , Wang Dong Xiao , Li Nan Zheng , Qian Jun Jian , Yao Jie , Xu Ama 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore significance of CA19-9, D-dimer with TNFAIP3 (A20) protein and evaluate its prognostic signiﬁcance in patients suffering from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: 148 patients suffering from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital affiliated to Yangzhou University between January 2012 to December 2016 were studied. Cutoff values of prognostic factors were predicted by Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve). Kaplan-Meier method was used to describe survival curve of patients. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to analyze prognostic factors of patients. Results: The recommended cutoff values of the neutrophil-lymphocyte rate (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte rate (PLR), CA19-9 and D-dimer were 2.04 (sensitivity, 0.59; specificity, 0.9; area under the ROC curve (AUC), 0.749; P<0.001), 52.94 (sensitivity, 0.73; specificity, 0.95; AUC, 0.829; P<0.001), 176.66U/ml (sensitivity, 0.7; specificity, 0.9; AUC, 0.794; P<0.001) and 1.18mg/L (sensitivity, 0.82; specificity, 0.9; AUC, 0.845; P<0.001) respectively. The expression of CA19-9 in serum was related with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.010), tumor lymph node metastasis (TNM) stage (P <0.001) and survival ratio (P <0.001). The D-dimer was positively related with differentiation grade (P=0.014), tumor size (P=0.045), TNM stage (P=0.006) and survival ratio (P<0.001). A20 was positively related with differentiation grade (P<0.001), BMI (P<0.001), TNM stage (P=0.024) and survival ratio (P<0.001). The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma had a significant difference in the expression of CA19-9 group, expression of D-dimer group and expression of A20 (P<0.05). CA19-9, D-dimer, TNM stage, differentiation grade and A20 were independent prognostic markers for patients sufferingfrom pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by univariate and COX multivariate analyses. Conclusions: CA19-9, D-dimer and A20 were independent prognostic markers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and The Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis&nbsp;
Authors: Tleyjeh Imad M. , Abdulhak Aref A. Bin , Tlayjeh Haytham , Al-Mallah Mouaz H. , Sohail M. Rizwan , Kashour Tarek 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Importance:SARS-CoV-2 virus gains access and infects target cells via angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Because angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) could increase the expression of ACE2, there are growing concerns that their use could increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cardiac societies have called for epidemiological research about this emerging controversy. Objective:We sought to systematically review the literature and perform a meta-analysis about prior use of ACEI/ARBs and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Data source:We searched multiple data sources including PubMed , ClinicalTrial.org , and medrxiv.org from November 2019 through May 16, 2020. Study selection:Any study that reported on the adjusted association of prior use of ACEIs / ARBs and risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection was eligible. Two authors independently reviewed eligible studies and extracted data into a prespecified data collection form. Data synthesis:An inverse variance meta-analytic approach was used to pool adjusted odds ratios using a random effect model meta-analysis. I2 test was used to assess in-between studies heterogeneity. The Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of included studies. Main outcome and Measures:The association between the prior use of ACEIs or ARBs and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was assessed using pooled OR and 95% confidence interval. Results:Six case control studies that enrolled a total of 5657 patients (2536 patients in ACEIs arm and 3121 patients in ARBs arm ) and 721,859 controls were included in our meta-analysis. Two of the included studies were from the USA, one from Italy, one from China, one from Spain, and one from South Korea. All included studies scored high based on NOS scale. Prior use of ACEIs was not significantly associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, OR 0.93, CI (0.85,1.02), I2=20%. Similarly, prior use of ARBs was not significantly associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, OR 0.86, CI (0.67,1.10), I2=93%. Sensitivity analysis was performed by removing a study that could have been affected by residual confounding; OR for ARB 1.04, CI (0.96,1.12), I2=32%.Conclusion:Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that prior use of ACEIs or ARBs is not associated with a higher risk of COVID-19. Our results are in support of the recent recommendations of cardiac societies and provide a reassurance to the public not to discontinue prescribed ACEIs/ARBs due to fear of COVID-19.
Modeling and forecasting of epidemic spreading of the SARS-CoV-2 based in the nonlinear stochastic dynamics
Authors: Lima Leonardo S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a stochastic model based on Itô diffusion as mathematical model for time evolution of new cases N(t) of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in each day t. We propose a correspondent stochastic differential equation (SDE) analogs to classical differential equations for epidemic growing for some diseases as smallpox and typhoid fever. Furthermore, we made an analysis using the Fokker-Planck equation giving an estimating of the new cases in each day t as the mean half-width of the distribution P(N,t) of new cases. Our results display that the model based on Itô diffusion fit well to the results supported by healthy Brazilian agencies due to large uncertain in the official results and to the low number of tests realized generating so a strong randomness in the official data.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Diagnosing Urolithiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liang Shichu , Chang Lingyu , Wang Cui , Lu Shengli , Zhang Shihan , Sun Chenyu , Zhao Ren , Li Xiaohu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Urolithiasis is a prevalent health issue all over the world,To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of low-lose computed tomography(LDCT) for detecting urolithiasis. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed. PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library were searched for original diagnostic studies to identify all relevant studies published prior to May 2020. The index test was LDCT, and the reference standards were comprehensive diagnosis or standard-dose CT (SDCT). Results: 17 studies with 1,761 patients and 2,053 stones were included for the quantitative analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.93-0.97) in patient-based studies and 0.86 (95%CI: 0.76-0.93) in urolithiasis-based studies. The pooled specificity of LDCT were 0.97 (95%CI: 0.95-0.99) in patient-based studies and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.63-1.00) in urolithiasis-based studies. The Fagan nomogram of LDCT for diagnosis of urolithiasis showed that the probability of urolithiasis is 98% if the LDCT scan is positive and 6% if the LDCT scan is negative. The likelihood ratio plot showed that the summary positive pooled likelihood ratio (LRP) and negative likelihood ratio (LRN) for LDCT was in the left upper quadrant(LUQ) area. Conclusions: LDCT has excellent diagnostic value in urolithiasis. LDCT can detect the urolithiasis specifically, but is limited to differentiate the contents of the stones.
The Effects of Thylakoid-Rich Spinach Extract Combined with the Calorie-Restricted Diet on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Tabrizi Fatemeh Pourteymour Fard , Farhangi Mahdieh Abbasalizad , Vaezi Maryam , Hemmati Salar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, related to metabolic dysfunction, due to its peculiar hormonal pattern, dyslipidemia, and inflammatory state. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of thylakoid-rich spinach extract supplementation combined with a hypocaloric diet on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese women with PCOS. Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, forty-eight participants (age 20–45 years) consumed in random order either a thylakoid-rich spinach extract powder (5g) or a matched placebo (5g starch), given daily combined with the hypocaloric diet for 12 weeks. The samples were collected at baseline and after the end of the supplementation. The primary outcome was the measure of anthropometric changes, glycemic indices, and lipid profile. The secondary outcomes included inflammatory status and blood pressure. Results: Thylakoid-rich spinach extract supplementation combined with the restricted-calorie diet was associated with significant reductions in abdominal obesity indicators, insulin resistance, lipid accumulation product (LAP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P< 0.05). Significant decreases were also seen in serum triglycerides (TG), insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and total testosterone compared with the placebo group (P< 0.05). However, no significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and in serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and fasting blood glucose were evident between groups at the end of study ( P>0.05). Conclusions: Thylakoid-rich spinach extract supplementation combined with the calorie restriction for 12 weeks may improve the cardiometabolic risk factors in obese women with PCOS.Trial registration: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Research Vice-chancellor of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, and was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20140907019082N9).
Influencia del videojuego en la conducta y habilidades que desarrollan los videojugadores
Authors: Pérez Martín Joaquín , Ignacio Ruiz Julio 
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo pretende efectuar un análisis de la realidad del videojuego en nuestra sociedad a través de las conclusiones del estudio “Influencia del Videojuego en la Conducta de los Usuarios y Habilidades que Desarrolla en los mismos” llevado a cabo desde el Observatorio del Videojuego y de la Animación y la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Respecto a la conducta, se presenta un análisis sobre los hábitos de ocio, el videojuego de padres y menores, y la sociabilidad que generan. Sobre las habilidades, se consideran la capacidad de superación, el trabajo en equipo y la destreza visual. El trabajo finaliza con un estudio comparativo de visualización de contenidos de violencia no aptos para las edades recomendadas.AbstractThis work tries to make an analysis of the videogames’ reality in our society through the conclusions of the study "Influence of the Videogame in the Behaviour of the Users and the Abilities developed in them" carried out by the Observatory of the Videogame and Animation and the Communication Faculty of the Universidad Europea de Madrid. With regard to the behaviour, we present an analysis of leisure habits, videogame of parents and minors, and the sociability they generate. Regarding abilities, we have considered the personal improvement capabilities, teamwork display, and visual skills. The work concludes with a comparative study of non-apt for the recommended ages contents of violence visualization.
Experiencia con un módulo del entorno virtual de la asignatura informática básica
Authors: Mariño Sonia I. , Litwak Noelia D. , Caulin Carolina 
Published: May 2020

Se describe una experiencia desarrollada con el empleo del entorno virtual de enseñanza-aprendizaje, diseñado ad-hoc para la asignatura “Informática Básica” de la carrera Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Información de la Facultad de Humanidades (UNNE). Se resumen las opciones disponibles en el entorno virtual y los resultados obtenidos al aplicar un módulo en las cohortes 2005 y 2006.AbstractThis article describes an experience developed at “Informatica Básica” subject of Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Información at Facultad de Humanidades (UNNE). The paper summarizes the options available in the virtual environment and the results obtained by applying a module on the 2005 and 2006 cohorts.
Estudio cuantitativo sobre el uso docente de herramientas teleformativas en el ámbito de la programación y bases de datos
Authors: Muñoz Carril Pablo César , González Sanmamed Mercedes 
Published: May 2020

El artículo que presentamos muestra los resultados más significativos obtenidos en un estudio cuantitativo tipo "survey", desarrollado con docentes de la Universidad de A Coruña que utilizaban sistemas teleformativos como suplemento a sus clases presenciales. Uno de los objetivos clave de dicha investigación se centraba en conocer cuál era el nivel de aplicación y uso que el profesorado universitario realizaba respecto a herramientas tele-educativas pertenecientes al área de programación y bases de datos. Los análisis inferenciales realizados determinaron que existían variables de tipo profesional (como la "experiencia docente utilizando entornos virtuales" y la "categoría administrativa") que influían de forma significativa en el nivel de aplicación y uso que mostraba el profesorado en el área de programación y bases de datos bajo contextos teleformativos. AbstractThis article shows most relevant results obtained in a survey developed with professors from the University of A who use e-learning systems to complement their lecture classes. The main objective of the research was to identify how much the professors used telematic applications and tools in the programming area and databases at the e-learning environments. The inferential analysis performed showed that there are certain variables (such as "teaching experience using virtual environments" and "administrative category"), which significantly influenced the level of application and use that showed teachers in the programming area and databases at the e-learning environments.
Propuesta de proceso de vigilancia tecnológica para el Observatorio de Tecnología Educativa en el Centro de Tecnologías para la Formación
Authors: Vigoa Machin Lilian , Aparicio Reytor Maikel , Bello Leyva Linnet Ivet 
Published: May 2020

El presente artículo consiste en la descripción de un proceso de Vigilancia Tecnológica que permita el desarrollo de la innovación científica y pedagógica, así como conocer los adelantos científicos y tecnológicos emergentes en torno a la Tecnología Educativa, además de ayudar a la toma de decisiones de carácter estratégico en el Centro Tecnologías para la Formación perteneciente a la Facultad 8, de la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas. Proposal process technology watch Centre for Educational Technology Center Training Technologies Abstract This article is the description of a Technology Watch process that allows the development of scientific and educational innovation so we can understand the emerging scientific and technological advances about Educational Technology, in addition to helping decision-making in nature Strategic Technologies Center for Education within the Faculty 8 of the University of Information Sciences.