bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximizing Breast Cancer Therapy with Awareness of Potential Treatment-Related Blood Disorders
Authors: Kaplan Henry G. , Calip Gregory S. , Malmgren Judith A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this review we summarize the impact of the various modalities of breast cancer therapy coupled with intrinsic patient factors on incidence of subsequent treatment-induced myelodysplasia and acute myelogenous leukemia (t-MDS/AML). It is clear that risk is increased for patients treated with radiation and chemotherapy at younger ages. Radiation is associated with modest risk, whereas chemotherapy, particularly the combination of an alkylating agent and an anthracycline, carries higher risk and radiation and chemotherapy combined increase the risk markedly. Recently, treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), but not pegylated G-CSF, has been identified as a factor associated with increased t-MDS/AML risk. Two newly identified associations may link homologous DNA repair gene deficiency and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor treatment to increased t-MDS/AML risk. When predisposing factors, such as young age, are combined with an increasing number of potentially leukemogenic treatments that may not confer large risk singly, the risk of t-MDS/AML appears to increase. Patient and treatment factors combine to form a biological cascade that can trigger a myelodysplastic event. Patients with breast cancer are often exposed to many of these risk factors in the course of their treatment, and triple-negative patients, who are often younger and/or BRCA positive, are often exposed to all of them. It is important going forward to identify effective therapies without these adverse associated effects and choose existing therapies that minimize the risk of t-MDS/AML without sacrificing therapeutic gain.Implications for PracticeBreast cancer is far more curable than in the past but requires multimodality treatment. Great care must be taken to use the least leukemogenic treatment programs that do not sacrifice efficacy. Elimination of radiation and anthracycline/alkylating agent regimens will be helpful where possible, particularly in younger patients and possibly those with homologous repair deficiency (HRD). Use of colony-stimulating factors should be limited to those who truly require them for safe chemotherapy administration. Further study of a possible leukemogenic association with HRD and the various forms of colony-stimulating factors is badly needed.
Challenging the Status Quo of Physician Attire in the Palliative Care Setting
Authors: Azhar Ahsan , Tanco Kimberson , Haider Ali , Park Minjeong , Liu Diane , Williams Janet L. , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background, Aim, and Hypothesis
This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the impact of a physician's attire on the perceptions of patients with cancer of compassion, professionalism, and physician preference. Our hypothesis was that patients would perceive the physician with formal attire as more compassionate than the physician wearing casual attire.

Materials and Methods
One hundred five adult follow-up patients with advanced cancer were randomized to watch two standardized, 3-minute video vignettes with the same script, depicting a routine physician-patient clinic encounter. Videos included a physician in formal attire with tie and buttoned-up white coat and casual attire without a tie or white coat. Actors, patients, and investigators were all blinded to the purpose and videos watched, respectively. After each video, patients completed validated questionnaires rating their perception of physician compassion, professionalism, and their overall preference for the physician.

Results
There were no significant differences between formal and casual attire for compassion (median [interquartile range], 25 [10–31] vs. 20 [8–27]; p = .31) and professionalism (17 [13–21] vs. 18 [14–22]; p = .42). Thirty percent of patients preferred formal attire, 31% preferred casual attire, and 38% had no preference. Subgroup analysis did not show statistically significant differences among different cohorts of age, sex, marital status, and education level.

Conclusion
Doctors’ attire did not affect the perceptions of patients with cancer of physician's level of compassion and professionalism, nor did it influence the patients’ preference for their doctor or their trust and confidence in the doctor's ability to provide care. There is a need for more studies in this area of communications skills. Clinical trial identification number. NCT03168763

Implications for Practice
The significance of physician attire as a means of nonverbal communication has not been well characterized. It is an important element to consider, as patient preferences vary geographically, are influenced by cultural beliefs, and may vary based on particular care settings. Previous studies consisted of nonblinded surveys and found increasing confidence in physicians wearing a professional white coat. Unfortunately, there are no randomized controlled trials, to the authors’ knowledge, to confirm the survey findings. In this randomized, blinded clinical trial the researchers found that physician's attire did not affect patients’ perception of the physician's level of compassion and professionalism. Attire also did not influence the patients’ preferences for their doctor or their trust and confidence in the doctor's ability to provide care.
O avanço da sojicultura no nordeste brasileiro: reflexões iniciais sobre a região da SEALBA
Authors: Santos Flávio dos , Campos Christiane Senhorinha Soares 
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: O artigo tem como propósito realizar uma reflexão sobre o projeto de implantação da sojicultura em uma área de terras contíguas localizada nos estados de Sergipe, Alagoas e Bahia, que recebeu o nome de SEALBA, acrônimo das siglas destes três estados, respectivamente. Este recorte territorial vem sendo apontado como possuidor de um grande potencial agrícola para o cultivo da soja. Alicerçados na análise dos dados da EMBRAPA Soja, EMBRAPA Tabuleiros Costeiros e do Censo Agropecuário IBGE (2017), bem como ancorados em uma reflexão teórica pautada no debate dos processos de mundialização do capital e modernização da agricultura, busca-se analisar os objetivos do agronegócio no que tange à implantação do cultivo da soja na região da SEALBA, com ênfase no contexto alagoano, a fim de desvelar os nocivos impactos socioambientais que podem engendrar.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Soja, Agronegócio, Alagoas.
Educação especial e ser deficiente: reflexões em torno de uma inclusão excludente
Authors: Sandres Carolina Sena do Vale , Silva Cristiano Cezar Gomes da , Almeida Maiara Cristine Oliveira de 
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: Este trabalho busca discutir aspectos da educação especial a partir da discussão acerca da inclusão e do estereótipo do sujeito com deficiência, visando refletir como isso implica na construção de sujeitos na contemporaneidade e a inserção do diferente na sociedade. Ao problematizar conceitos relacionadas com a construção de identidades e diferenças na deficiência podemos compreender como as práticas escolares de inclusão estão sendo construídas. Para isso, utilizaremos autores como Bhabha (1998), Benedict (2000), Freud (1921), Hall(2000), Mrech (1999), Vasques (2007) e Veiga-Neto e Lopes (2007) como teóricos que fundamentaram as propostas e reflexões apresentadas neste trabalho. A construção do mesmo se deu a partir de uma pesquisa de cunho teórico, onde a perspectiva dos estudos culturais foi utilizada como subsídio que sustentam a discussão proposta neste trabalho. Discutir os processos inclusivos pensando nessa perspectiva permite que a sociedade possa compreender como identidade na pessoa com deficiência pode ser pensado como uma construção cultural, a partir das diferenças, sendo construída por vários, produzidas nos entrelugares, saindo de um contexto de estereótipos que reforçam e apagam as diferenças nos processos inclusivos.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação especial. Inclusão. Identidade. Diferença. Estereótipo.
Pengaruh Durasi Iskemia terhadap Ekspresi Protein P53 Otak Tikus Pasca Transient Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (TBCCAO)
Authors: Handayani Ety Sari , Kuswati Kuswati , Sabta Nugaha Zainuri , Hidayah Nurul , Herennadia Nesti , Sonia Amanda Gea , Ajeng Salsabila 
Published: February 2020

Tumor suppressor gene p53 is one of the specific parameters of the occurrence of brain neuron death in animal models of brain ischemia. Several studies show that the duration of reperfusion of tBCCAO has an effect on the expression of p53 protein. The duration of ischemia for 5 minutes followed by reperfusion of 1 hour, 4 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours, and 7 days increased the expression of p53 protein. 30-minute ischemia induction followed by 4-hour reperfusion showed increased p53 protein expression in rat serum. It is not yet known how the influence of tBCCAO ischemia duration on p53 expression in rat brain. This study used Wistar, male rats, aged 3-4 months, weighing 175-250 gr, and healthy. Group A was a group of tBCCAO rats with a duration of 5 minutes ischemia, 24-hour reperfusion duration (five). Group B was a group of tBCCAO mice with a duration of 10 minutes ischemia, 24-hour reperfusion (five). Group C is a group of sham operated mice (five). The expression of p53 protein is semi quantification of p53 expressed on pyramidal neuron of the frontal brain (Cortex Prefrontalis, striatum) and CA1 hippocampus, with IHC staining using anti-p53 antibodies. P53 expression will be seen in the cytoplasm of pyramidal neuron CA1 hippocampus. Cytoplasm of neurons will be brownish in color. The semi-quantification method of p53 expression uses the ALLRED score. Data analysis using one way ANOVA test. The analysis found differences in frontal brain p53 expression (cortex prefrontalis and striatum) (p = 0.00) and there were differences in p53 expression in pyramidal neuron CA1 hippocampal (p = 0.013). There was an effect of the duration of tBCCAO on expression of p53 protein in rat brain after 24-hour reperfusion. Keywords: tBCCAO’s duration, p53, rat’s brain
Impending Atypical Femur Fracture Presenting as Painful Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Andrews Kyle A. , Wynkoop Emily I. , Stokey Phillip J. , Georgiadis Gregory M. 
Published: February 2020

Case:
We report on 2 patients with atypical femur fractures that initially presented as painful total knee arthroplasties. There was a history of long-term bisphosphonate use in each case. Knee radiographs and laboratory studies were normal, and the patients were managed conservatively. Both subsequently sustained atypical femur fractures and underwent surgical stabilization.

Conclusions:
Referred pain from a bisphosphonate-related femoral stress fracture can masquerade as pain about a total knee arthroplasty. This should be included in the differential diagnosis in at-risk patients because it can result in an atypical femoral shaft fracture above the prosthesis if not properly treated.
Laboratory Study of Effect of Overburden, Formation and Mud Column Pressures on Drilling Rate of Permeable Formations
Authors: Cunningham R.A. , Eenink J.G. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 217, 1959, pages 9–17.

Abstract
One phase has been completed of a laboratory investigation of formations with relatively high permeability under conditions of overburden, formation and mud column pressures. The following statements are based on these tests within the limitations described.
Drilling rate decreased when mud column pressure was greater than formation pressure. The decrease was primarily due to a layer of cuttings and mud particles held to the hole bottom by the difference in pressure. Much of the force of the bit was wasted in this layer and was unavailable for penetrating virgin formation.
Adequate jet velocities helped clean the filter cake and chips away and resulted in increased drilling rate the higher the jet velocity the faster the drilling rate.
Drilling rate increased slightly when formation pressure was greater than mud column pressure. The increase resulted from cleaning the hole bottom as formation fluid flowed into the borehole.
Overburden pressure had practically no effect on drilling rate.

Introduction
Some formations are difficult to drill in a wellbore hole but are easily drilled under atmospheric conditions in the laboratory. The reasons for this apparent difference in drill ability are not fully understood.
An increase in formation compressive strength causes a reduction in drilling rate. It has been shown by Griggs, Handin, and others that formation strength increases under conditions of high hydrostatic stress. Based on these results, a decrease in drilling rate would be expected with increased drilling fluid pressure in formations of low permeability having low formation fluid pressure. Such a decrease has been shown by Murray, et al and Eckel. This effect holds even when using nitrogen under high pressure as the drilling fluid (unreported tests from the Hughes laboratory).
Poor bottom-hole cleaning may account for decreased drilling rates. Even though it may not be easily explained, evidence of poor cleaning can easily be seen.
Thermal Effect on Fracture Width for Wellbore Strengthening Applications
Authors: Yao Ziheng , Alberty Mark 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Most wellbore strengthening (WBS) techniques require an understanding of the width on an induced fracture to design the size and concentration of appropriate mud additives to mitigate the fracture growth. Current methods to estimate fracture width primarily consider stress and rock properties but neglect the effect of the thermal contrast between the drilling fluid and the formation. This paper reports the results of the modeling of the thermal effect on fracture width and proposes a practical method to integrate the thermal effect into current WBS design workflows.
The proposed process uses both analytical and numerical methods to investigate the thermal effect. A finite element analysis (FEA) model simulates the coupled stress and temperature field around the borehole, which allows the width of the fracture to be derived at any point along the length. The Abaqus FEA model uses 2-D plane strain elements to allow either steady-state or transient thermal-mechanical analysis. The results of FEA modeling are compared to the semi-analytical solution which only addresses the mechanical effect. Both models use field data to verify and validate results.
An equivalent tensile stress is used to derive an analytical solution for fracture width for the case of ‘long-term’ cooling. The results provide a good match to the steady-state thermal elastic FEA results. In the case of transient heat transfer, an approximate analytical solution is derived to describe temperature distribution around the borehole as function of time. Then the analytical solution for thermal stresses is derived based on intact circular borehole. The analytical results are compared and verified with the FEA. Currently, the fracture width in response to a transient thermal event can only be calculated using the FEA model. The change in fracture width due to the temperature disturbance can be superimposed over the elastic fracture width to provide a more accurate estimate of width due to both mechanical and thermal influences for planning WBS formulations. The model demonstrates that the cooling of the borehole with drilling mud results in a wider fracture than that which is predicted by the purely elastic models. If drilling mud temperature is not considered or managed effectively, the failure of the WBS application could result, leading to a lost circulation event. A field case where wellbore cooling occurs and leads to lost circulation is presented.
World's First Hybrid Drilling Rig
Authors: Bilgin Memet , Donen Joel , Scaini Vince , Snijder Marcel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The world's first hybrid drilling rig began commercial operations on July 1st, 2018. Significant fuel savings and emissions reductions were achieved by implementing a hybrid Energy Management System (hEMS).
The hEMS uses battery energy storage and engine automation to reduce the number of gensets operating and increase the average efficiency of each genset. The key to achieving fuel savings was to integrate the controls of the hEMS with the drilling rig's controls system. By doing so, gensets are automatically turned on or off depending on the power demand of the rig and the state of charge of the battery.
In addition to fuel savings, downtime due to issues with generators was avoided. The battery energy storage provided power when a genset faulted or needed immediate servicing. Furthermore, monitoring genset performance, diesel fuel flow, field gas fuel flow when available, and overall rig electrical bus activity enabled prediction of potential blackouts and helped technicians target preventative maintenance.
The system was developed over two years and tested at a rig construction facility before being placed into operation on a rig working in the Marcellus Shale. This paper describes the technology and presents the results achieved to date with regards to measuring fuel savings, lowering emissions, reducing genset runtime hours, and avoiding power-related downtime.
Accurate Determination of Annular Content Behind Casing and Prevention of Remedial Action During Well Construction
Authors: Govil Amit , Kalyanraman Ram Sunder , Constable Kevin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
As oil and gas fields mature, many wells are scheduled for permanent well abandonment or permanent abandonment of a section for subsequent slot recovery. We present a novel data interpretation workflow that integrates pulse-echo inversion to accurately predict borehole fluid properties and sonic attenuation with ultrasonic measurement to accurately define the annular material present behind the casing.
Per the NORSOK D-010 standard, the requirement to qualify a well section for further drilling is to evaluate any degradation of the main bore casing, along with evaluation of the well barrier element. In an example slot recovery well, pulse-echo measurement and a cement bond log were recorded in the main borehole. The data was interpreted using an industry-available cement evaluation workflow to indicate the presence of very low impedance material (gas column) between two casings up to surface. The presence of a gas column required remedial action to mitigate well integrity issues during well construction. Advanced cement interpretation was conducted using a newly developed workflow that integrates new pulse-echo inversion and sonic attenuation measurement. The novel pulse-echo inversion accurately determines azimuthal as well as depth variations in the acoustic impedance of the borehole mud. The inversion is validated using 3D models without prior knowledge of mud properties. With the help of in situ measurement of mud properties, we can now visualize features such as mud deposition and segregation in deviated pipes as well. This new processing enables easier and more accurate interpretation of the cement sheath together with providing essential information about the logging fluid. The obtained results clearly identified the presence of solids and liquids in the annular space, which helped the operator to make informed decisions for continued slot recovery and new well drilling operations, rather than spending rig time on gas column mitigation measures. Advanced cement evaluation measurement and interpretation techniques reduce risks and enable accurate and critical decision making for well construction, intervention, and plugging and abandonment in many conditions that were previously ambiguous.
Novel three-parameter inversion for pulse-echo measurements delivers unmatched accuracy for identifying the annulus material, as well as critical information on the logging mud, leading to a high level of confidence on cement placement. This aspect is especially critical in ensuring correct evaluation in complex new well designs including vertical, deviated, or horizontal pipes with a variety of mud types.
Validating Ultrasonic Log Response Against Reference Barrier Cells Simulating Downhole Well Conditions Encountered During Well Construction and Abandonment Operations
Authors: Govil Amit , Gardner Dave , Obando Guillermo , Beltrán-Jiménez Katherine , Skadsem Hans Joakim 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In the design of oil and gas well barriers, the quality of the cemented casing must be assessed to optimize the cost of the operation. Borehole cement evaluation logs are used to verify the quality of the cement bond to the casing and formation and identify any defects that could compromise the quality of the annular seal. This study used ultrasonic logging to evaluate reference barrier cells constructed with known defects. In this joint project between industry representatives and a research institute, reference barrier cells were created to simulate downhole oil well conditions, such as free/cemented pipe, sagged barite, gas environment, mud channel, microannulus, axial hole, and cemented control line. The cell concept was developed with an emphasis on low cost and ease of use. Different cell configurations could be quickly coupled to provide the required tool lengths and measurement points for logging experiments. The tubing and annulus pressures (maximum 150 bar) and fluids can be varied according to the test requirement.
Each reference cell was constructed to highlight a condition that is typically encountered in an oil well. Full-scale logging was carried out in which multiple reference cells were coupled vertically on a drilling rig. Data were acquired at multiple resolutions, while applying pressure (0, 100, and 150 bar) to the outer annulus, thereby varying microannulus size. Data from the pulse echo and flexural sensors provided a detailed image highlighting the condition of the bond behind the inner casing. Laboratory experiments were performed to characterize the reference cells, including measurements of strain and infrared thermography to visualize the leakage paths. The log response was found to be consistent with the physical observation and laboratory experiments.
During the cement evaluation of a tubular casing, interpretation is made based on log response under certain well conditions. Inferences are based on fundamental sensor physics, laboratory experiments, common knowledge, and contemporary understanding of the technology. Comparison of ultrasonic tool response against reference barrier cells validates the measurements, which are crucial in the decision-making process during well construction and abandonment. The paper describes the full-scale test performed at the research institute, including the laboratory experiments and log data acquired.