bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objective Assessment of Impulse Control Disorder in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease Using a Low-Cost LEGO-Like EEG Headset
Authors: Lin Yuan-Pin , Liang Hsing-Yi , Chen Yueh-Sheng , Lu Cheng-Hsien , Wu Yih-Ru , Chang Yung-Yee , Lin Wei-Che 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPatients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) can develop the cognitive adverse effect of impulse control disorders (ICDs) while undergoing a pharmacological treatment for motor control dysfunctions with a dopamine agonist (DA). Conventional clinical interviews or questionnaires can be biased and may not provide an accurate diagnosis in the early stage. A wearable electroencephalogram (EEG)-sensing headset paired with an examination procedure can be a potential user-friendly method to explore ICD-related biomarkers that can reflect brain activity abnormalities and detect its early signs and progression.MethodsA stereotypical Go/NoGo test that targets impulse inhibition was performed with 59 individuals, including heathy controls, patients with PD, and patients with PD diagnosed with ICD. A low-cost LEGO-like EEG headset was used to record concurrent EEG signals. The event-related potential (ERP) analytical framework was then used to explore ICD-related EEG abnormalities after DA treatment.ResultsOnly PD patients with ICD exhibited a tendency for N2 and P3 amplitude deterioration at the fronto-central regions (i.e., Fz, FCz, and Cz); in particular, the P3 counterpart reached statistical significance (p<0.05). Neither PD patients nor healthy controls (without DA) replicated such findings. Furthermore, N2 amplitude deterioration was found to be related to ICD severity at Fz (r=-0.28, p=0.04).ConclusionsA low-cost LEGO-like EEG headset successfully captured ERP neuromarkers for the objective assessment of ICD in PD patients undergoing DA treatment. The present objective neuro-evidence could provide complementary information to conventional clinical scales used to diagnose the ICD adverse effect.
Lahar Risk Assessment: the Case Study of Vulcano Island, Italy
Authors: Gattuso Alessandro , Bonadonna Costanza , Frischknecht Corine , Cuomo Sabatino , Baumann Valerie , Pistolesi Marco , Biass Sebastian , Arrowsmith Ramon , Moscariello Mariagiovanna , Rosi Mauro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lahars are rapid flows composed of water and volcaniclastic sediments, which have the potential to impact residential buildings and critical infrastructure as well as to disrupt critical services, especially in absence of a hazard-based land-use planning. Their destructive power is mostly associated with their velocity (related to flow rheology and surrounding topography) and to their ability to bury buildings and structures (related to the deposit thickness). The distance reached by lahars depends on their volume, on sediments/water ratio, as well as on the overall characteristics of the path where they propagate. Here we present a novel strategy for the assessment of risk associated with lahar inundation related both to flow velocity and deposit thickness using Vulcano island (Italy) as a case study. First, a range of hazard scenarios has been identified that are related to the mobilization by intense rain events of tephra fallout deposited on the slopes of the La Fossa cone by a future Vulcanian eruption. Second, a numerical model has been used to identify the potential lahar impact areas on the northern sector of Vulcano, where both residential and touristic facilities are present. In this specific case we have used the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) model that provides information on both flow velocity and deposit thickness. Finally, exposure and vulnerability surveys were carried out in order to compile risk maps for both lahar-flow velocity and final lahar-deposit thickness. Our analyses show the importance of carrying out accurate and detailed risk assessments exploring a variety of initial conditions in order to best quantify the potential damage and identify suitable mitigation strategies.
Association Between Dietary Theobromine and Cognitive Function in a Representative Elderly American Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gao Lijie , Cui Chaohua , Yuan Zhengzhou , Ge Wenjing , Liu Qian , Li Jie , Liu Na , Lei Chunyan , Liu Jie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite reports on neuroprotective effects of dietary theobromine intake, whether dietary theobromine can exert beneficial effects on cognitive function is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between dietary theobromine and cognitive function in old American population.Methods: We collected data from the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey. Daily dietary theobromine was treated as a continuous variable and a log transform. Cognitive function was measured by four tests: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) Word Learning tests, CERAD delayed recall test, animal fluency test, and digit symbol substitution test (DSST). We conducted linear regression analyses and subgroup analyses to study the association between theobromine intake and cognitive performance. Basic characteristics, lifestyle factors, disease history, and nutritional intake were adjusted in these models.Results: A total of 2,845 participants were included in this study. Daily theobromine intake was not significantly different between the 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 cycles. The CERAD-immediate and delayed recall scores were significantly different between these two cycles, but not the animal fluency score or digital symbol score. The daily dietary theobromine intake in log form was positively associated with immediate recall score (β, 95% CI, P: 0.661, 0.222-1.101, <0.01), delayed recall score (β, 95% CI, P: 0.232, 0.016-0.449, 0.04), and DSST score (β, 95% CI, P: 1.395, 0.140-2.649, 0.03) in the fully adjusted model, but not with the animal fluency score (β, 95% CI: 0.001, -0.122-0.907, 0.13). Sensitive analyses showed that L-theobromine intake was linearly associated with cognitive performance.Conclusions: Daily theobromine intake was associated with cognitive performance in a large national representative population. However, further research is needed in order to corroborate our findings.
Urine Output Calculated Using Actual Body Weight may Result in Overestimation of Acute Kidney Injury for Obese Patients
Authors: Jiang Jun , Zhang Jing , Liu Ye , Xu Dongxue , Peng Zhi-Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background: The derived hourly urine output (UO) indexed by body weight is one of the major criteria for diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, it is unknown whether actual body weight (ABW) or ideal body weight (IBW) should be used. This study aims to explore whether UO calculation based on ABW might lead to overestimation of AKI.Methods: AKI patients identified in the MIMIC database by different components of the KDIGO guidelines and different definitions of body weight were retrospectively studied. We compared hospital and 90-day mortality to decide whether AKI patients diagnosed by ABW- or IBW-normalized UO had the same outcome.Results: In the cohort of 14,725 patients, AKI was identified in 4,298 (29.19%) and 3,060 (20.78%) patients respectively when ABW or IBW was used to calculate hourly UO (p < 0.001). AKI stages differed between these patients (p < 0.001) with a kappa of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.86 ~ 0.88) and an agreement percentage of 90.40%. Multivariate logistic regression revealed AKI patients identified by UO calculated from ABW had similar hospital and 90-day mortality to that of patients with no evidence of AKI. Whereas AKI patients identified by SCr or by both ABW and IBW had over twice higher the risks of hospital death, 1.7 and 1.4 times higher the risks of 90-day death respectively compared with patients with no evidence of AKI. Results were confirmed in sensitivity analysis where patients whose admission creatinine levels were within the normal reference ranges and sepsis patients were studied.Conclusions: Calculating hourly body weight normalized UO using ABW may lead to underestimation of UO and overestimation of AKI.
Comparison of Cinical Outcomes Between Nurse Practitioner and Registrar led Medical Emergency Teams – A Propensity Matched Analysis.
Authors: Gupta Sachin , Balachandran Mayurathan , Bolton Gaby , Pratt Naomi , Molloy Jo , Paul Eldho , Tiruvoipati Ravindranath 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: Medical emergency teams (MET) are mostly led by physicians. Some hospitals are currently using nurse practitioners (NP) to lead MET calls. These are no studies comparing clinical outcomes between these two care models. To determine if NP led MET calls are associated with lower risk of acute patient deterioration, when compared to intensive care (ICU) registrar (ICUR) led MET calls.Methods: The composite primary outcome included recurrence of MET call, occurrence of Code blue or ICU admission within 24 hours. Secondary outcomes were mortality within 24 hours of MET call, length of hospital stay, hospital mortality and proportion of patients discharged home. Propensity score matching was used to reduce selection bias from confounding factors between the ICUR and NP group.Results: A total of 1343 MET calls were included (1070 NP, 273 ICUR led). On Univariable analysis, the incidence of the primary outcome was higher in ICUR led MET calls (26.7% vs 20.6%, p = 0.03). Of the secondary outcome measures, mortality within 24 hours (3.4% vs 7.7%, p = 0.002) and hospital mortality (12.7% vs 20.5%, p = 0.001) was higher in ICUR led MET calls. Propensity score matched analysis of 263 pairs revealed the composite primary outcome was comparable between both groups but NP led group was associated with reduced risk of hospital mortality (OR 0.57, 95%CI 0.35-0.91, p = 0.02) and higher likelihood of discharge home (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.09-2.2, p=0.015). Conclusion: Acute patient deterioration was comparable between ICUR and NP led MET Calls. NP led MET calls were associated with lower hospital mortality and higher likelihood of discharge home.
Dexmedetomidine use and Mortality in Mechanically-Ventilated Patients with Severe Burns: A Cohort Study Using a National Inpatient Database in Japan
Authors: Enomoto Yuki , Iwagami Masao , Tsuchiya Asuka , Morita Kojiro , Abe Toshikazu , Kido Takahiro , Uda Kazuaki , Inokuchi Ryota , Yasunaga Hideo , Inoue Yoshiaki , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Dexmedetomidine is an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist. Apart from its sedative effects, dexmedetomidine has the potential to reduce mortality through its anti-inflammatory effect. However, the impact of dexmedetomidine on in-hospital outcomes of patients with severe burns remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the association between dexmedetomidine and mortality in mechanically-ventilated patients with severe burns, using a Japanese nationwide database of in-hospital patients.Methods: We included adults with severe burns (burn index ≥ 10) who were registered in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination national inpatient database from 2010 to 2018, started mechanical ventilation within 3 days of admission, and received any sedative drug (dexmedetomidine, midazolam, or propofol). One-to-one propensity score matching was performed between patients who received dexmedetomidine on the day of mechanical ventilation initiation (dexmedetomidine group) and those who did not receive dexmedetomidine (control group). The primary outcome was all-cause 30-day in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay and duration of mechanical ventilation in all patients and survivors.Results: Eligible patients (n = 1,888) were classified into the dexmedetomidine group (n = 371) or the control group (n = 1,517). After one-to-one propensity score matching, we compared 329 patients from each of the two groups. No significant difference was observed in 30-day mortality between patients in the dexmedetomidine and control groups (22.8% vs. 22.5%, respectively; odds ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.71-1.46). Moreover, there were no significant differences between patients in the dexmedetomidine and control groups in terms of the length of hospital stay or the duration of mechanical ventilation.Conclusions: We found no significant association between dexmedetomidine use and in-hospital outcomes (mortality, length of hospital stay, and length of mechanical ventilation) in mechanically-ventilated patients with severe burns. Dexmedetomidine use may not improve the above-mentioned outcomes; therefore, its selection should be based on the patient’s general condition and the target level of sedation.
The Effectiveness of a Men-only Supportive Expressive Therapy Group Intervention for Psychosocial Health Outcomes in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients:&nbsp;A 6-month longitudinal study&nbsp;
Authors: Oberoi Devesh , Martopullo Celestina , Bultz Barry D. , Carlson Linda Ellen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: An increasing number of gastrointestinal cancer (GI) patients suffer from the side effects of cancer treatment that can affect their psychosocial health outcomes such as mood states and quality of life. Despite its demonstrated usefulness in female cancer patients, the Supportive Expressive Group Therapy (SEGT) has not been tested in male cancer patients. The current study sought to examine the longitudinal effects of a professionally-led, men-only supportive-expressive group therapy (SEGT) on mood states, coping, and quality of life (QoL) in male GI cancer patients. Methods: Male GI cancer patients (n=31), at different stages of cancer treatment, were recruited from an ongoing men-only biweekly GI cancer SEGT. Data were collected at baseline (before or near the beginning of group attendance) and at three months and six months follow-up. All outcomes were patient-reported and included demographic data as well as the validated questionnaires: Profile of Mood States (POMS) for mood states, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) for QoL, and Ways of Coping-cancer version (WOC) for coping. Linear mixed models were used to examine the change in the outcomes over time. Effect sizes were estimated using Cohen’s d. Results: The Anxiety (p=.04; d=0.70), Depression (p=.03; d=0.93) and Anger (p=.04; d=1.28) subscales of the POMS decreased between baseline and six months. Participants also reported improvements in coping through Distancing (distancing oneself from negative thoughts, being more accepting of the situation, and looking for positives) of the WOC (p=.04; d=0.4) between baseline and six months. There was no change in any of the FACT subscales (QoL) over time. Conclusions: This is the first study to investigate the effects of a SEGT intervention in male cancer patients. SEGT resulted in improved mood states and coping in male GI cancer patients; however, there was no change in measures of QoL. Given the direct effects of SEGT on anxiety, depression and anger, as well as a strong association between anger and depression in men as reported in past studies, SEGT could be impactful in improving psychosocial health outcomes in male GI cancer patients.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the aging transformation scale for elderly dementia patients
Authors: Li You Lai , Sun Ning , Yu Bo Li , Dong Xin Xiao , Ying Chen Yu , Lang Jun Han , Zhou Heng Li 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The key part of home care services is the assessment of the needs of the home environment for elderly patients with dementia. The present study was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of a newly adapted Chinese version of an instrument designed to measure aging transformation needs among elderly patients with dementia.Methods: A sample of 175 patients with elderly dementia was selected from ten communities in China. The 55-item aging transformation needs scale was answered by the participants. Content validity, Cronbach’s alpha, item-to-total correlation, and exploratory factor analysis were used to assess the reliability and validity of the instrument.Results: The aging transformation needs scale has a good surface validity, content validity, and structural validity. The content validity was 0.965; 55 items had large factor loads on their corresponding principal components (≥0.5). There was a significant correlation between the aging transformation needs scale and each component (r = 0.897-0.973, all P<0.01), and 9 components also had a high correlation (r = 765～0.977, all P<0.01); the total table Cronbach's α was 0.993, the Cronbach's α of each constituent factor was 0.944～0.990, and the correlation coefficient between factor and content was >0.40 (all P<0.01). Conclusions: Evidence was found to support the reliability and validity of the aging transformation needs scale that measures the quality of the aging transformation needs for patients with elderly dementia from an aging transformation needs perspective.
"The inflammation link between periodontal disease and coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes - case-control study".
Authors: Wojtkowska Agnieszka , Zapolski Tomasz , Wysokinska-Miszczuk Joanna , Wysokinski Andrzej P. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronary atherosclerosis and periodontal disease, due to their prevalence, are a serious epidemiological problem. Pathophysiological evidence points to their possible common inflammatory etiopathological background. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the presence and severity of periodontitis, systemic inflammation and selected parameters of myocardial injury and heart function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: The study group consisted of 71 patients 54.22(7.05) - year - old hospitalized due to acute myocardial infarction. The patients underwent a coronary angiographic examination and echocardiography. The following laboratory parameters were determined: blood morphology, hsCRP, ESR, fibrinogen, troponin I, CK-MB, BNP, lipidogram, glucose, creatinine, GFR, TSH, HbA1c. Dental assessment of the patients was performed and the following indicators were included: the number of teeth preserved, approximal plaque index (API), bleeding on probing (BoP), pocket depth (PD), the number of bleeding periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm in depth (NoPD≥4 mm), the percentage of bleeding periodontal pockets ≥ 4 mm in depth (%PD≥4 mm), clinical attachment loss (CAL). The control consisted of 40 patients 52 (± 8.43)- year-old without a history of coronary heart disease. These patients were subjected to a periodontal examination using the above parameters and classification methods. Results: The BI (bleeding index) significantly correlated with fibrynogen. All indices regarding the pocket depth (PD, NoPD≥4mm,% PD4≥mm) correlated significantly with the number of leukocytes. PD and NoPD≥4mm were also associated significantly with the level of hsCRP. The BI is correlated closely with the levels of BNP. The multifactorial analysis showed that significant predictors of myocardial infarction are API and BI. The analysis showed that API and BI are important predictors of troponin levels. Linear regression analysis showed that only CAL is a significant predictor of BNP.Conclusions: Patients with acute myocardial infarction have worse periodontal status compared to people without coronary heart disease. Greater severity of periodontitis, plaque accumulation and bleeding on probing are associated with acute myocardial infarction. Periodontitis is a risk factor for myocardial infarction and also affects the degree of post-infarction left ventricular damage, which means that there is an inflammatory link between these two diseases.
Degradation of terrestrial organic matter by aquatic microbial genomes in the Amazon River
Authors: Santos-Junior Celio Dias , Logares Ramiro , Henrique-Silva Flavio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Rivers connect the carbon cycle in land with that in aquatic ecosystems by transporting and transforming terrestrial organic matter (TeOM). The Amazon River receives huge loads of TeOM from the surrounding rainforest, promoting a substantial microbial heterotrophic activity and consequently, CO2 outgassing. In the Amazon River, microbes degrade up to 55% of the lignin present in the TeOM. Yet, the main microbial genomes involved in TeOM degradation were unknown. Here, we characterize 51 Population Genomes (PGs) representing some of the most abundant microbes in the Amazon River deriving from 106 metagenomes. The 51 reconstructed PGs are among the most abundant microbes in the Amazon River, and 53% of them are not able to degrade TeOM. Among the PGs capable of degrading TeOM, 20% were exclusively cellulolytic, while the others could also oxidize lignin. The transport and consumption of lignin oxidation by-products seemed to be decoupled from the oxidation process, being apparently performed by different groups of microorganisms. By connecting the genomic features of abundant microbes in the Amazon River with the degradation machinery of TeOM, we suggest that a microbial consortium following a priming effect model could explain the quick turnover of TeOM previously observed in this ecosystem.
Association between post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and bone fractures after the Great East Japan Earthquake in older adults: a prospective cohort study from the Fukushima Health Management Survey
Authors: Hayashi Fumikazu , Ohira Tetsuya , Nakano Hironori , Nagao Masanori , Okazaki Kanako , Harigane Mayumi , Yasumura Seiji , Maeda Masaharu , Takahashi Atsushi , Yabe Hirooki , Suzuki Yuriko , Kamiya Kenji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background It has been reported that psychological stress affects bone metabolism and increases the risk of fracture. However, the relationship between bone fractures and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of disaster-induced PTSD symptoms on fracture risk in older adults.Methods This study evaluated responses from 17,474 individuals aged ≥65 years without a history of fractures during the Great East Japan Earthquake who answered the Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey component of the Fukushima Health Management Survey conducted in 2011. The obtained data could determine the presence or absence of fractures until 2016. Age, sex, physical factors, social factors, psychological factors, and lifestyle factors were subsequently analyzed. Survival analysis was then performed to determine the relationship between the fractures and each factor. Thereafter, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to identify fracture risk factors.Results In total, 2,097 (12.0%) fractures were observed throughout the follow-up period. Accordingly, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models showed that PTSD symptoms (total PTSD checklists scoring ≥ 44) [hazard ratio (HR): 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–1.44; P = 0.001], history of cancer (HR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.24–1.79; P < 0.001), history of stroke (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.03–1.52; P = 0.023), history of heart disease (HR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.13–1.50; P < 0.001), history of diabetes (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.09–1.39; P < 0.001), current smoking (HR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.02–1.63; P = 0.036), and high dissatisfaction with sleep or no sleep at all (HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.02–1.74; P = 0.035) promoted a significant increase in fracture risk independent of age and sex.Conclusions The present study indicates that disaster-induced PTSD symptoms and insomnia contribute to increased fracture risk among older adults residing in evacuation areas within the Fukushima Prefecture.