bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Interaction Pattern and Quality Of Life of Caregivers Having Violent Patients with Bipolar Affective Disorder (Current Episode Mania)
Authors: Ashok. S  , Dr. Amool R Singh  
Published: September 2020

Background: Bipolar affective disorder (BAD) is a multi-factorial disorder with various clinical presentations. ‘The manic episodes are manifestated by decreased sleep, irritability, aggression, dramatic fluctuation in mood or emotions caused to violent acts’. The clinical importance of hostility is in its close association with violence and non-adherence to treatment. BAD symptoms can result in damaged relationships, poor job or school performance that can seriously affect the lives of patients and their families. All caregivers share a similar fate; and they take responsibility for their mentally ill family members. Aim and Objectives: Aim was to examine the family interaction pattern and quality of life of caregivers having violent patients with bipolar affective disorder (current episode mania). Methodology: The Present study was a cross sectional hospital based and approved by ethical committee. Total 858 family members/caregiver interviewed for history of violence with diagnosed patient with BAD current episode mania (age 21 – 45 years) fulfilling ICD-10 criteria selected using probability sampling, when they brought patient in OPD. Total thirty (n=30) adult persons with BAD patient’s caregivers sample were recruited as per inclusion, exclusion-criteria for data collection tools such as Semi-structured socio-demographic data sheet, Family Violence Scale (Bhatti et al., 1985), Family interaction pattern scale (Bhatti et al., 1986) and WHO-Quality of Life Scale (WHO-QoL-BREF, 1998). Results: There was no significant difference found in all domains of the Family Violence Scale. In correlation Physical violence domain positively correlated with Family Interaction Pattern’s domain of Leadership pattern at 0.05 level and Emotional violence positively correlated with Communication at 0.05 level and with Leadership pattern at 0.01 level. As well as Social violence positively correlated with the domain Leadership at 0.05 level. Also total score of family violence positively correlated with Leadership pattern at 0.01 level of the Family Interaction Pattern Scale. With QoL family violence domain emotional violence negatively correlated with the Psychological health, Social relationship and Environmental/Financial at 0.05 level and with Total score of QoL at 0.01 level. As well as total score of the family violence negatively correlated with the domain Social relationship at 0.05 level of the WHO – Quality of life Scale. Conclusion: It is very important for the mental health professionals to identify the needs of the family caregivers. Finding out areas need attention and strategies to restore the wellbeing of an individual and caregiver requires knowledge and skill based comprehensive assessment. Mental health issues need multidimensional approaches to bring fruitful outcomes. Engagement and implementation strategies, as well as the interventions themselves, must be tailored to local and cultural characteristics.
Cranial angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Sion Amanda E. , Tahir Rizwan A. , Mukherjee Abir , Rock Jack P. 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare low-grade soft-tissue tumor that typically arises from the deep dermal and subcutaneous tissue of the extremities in children and young adults. Intracranial AFH is exceedingly rare, and only four cases of primary AFH tumors have been reported to date.

Case Description:
A 43-year-old male presented to our hospital with headaches, vision changes, and a known brain tumor suspected to be an atypical meningioma. After undergoing craniotomy for resection of the mass, the immunomorphologic features of the resected tumor showed typical features of AFH with ESWR1 (exon7) – ATF1 (exon 5) fusion.

Conclusion:
AFH is a difficult tumor to diagnose with imaging and histologic studies. Thus, further knowledge is necessary – particularly of intracranial cases – to aid clinicians in its diagnosis and management.
Effectiveness of slow deep breathing exercise on decreasing stress levels for patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Warsono Warsono , Yanto Arief 
Published: September 2020

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus patients increases in Semarang province every year. Whereas, it reached 120 numbers of patients in Kedungmundu public health center by 2020. One of the psychological problems encountered by patients with diabetes is a high risk of stress levels. The condition of stress, anxiety, and fear influence the production of adrenaline hormones which aggravate the capability of patients to perform daily living activities. Slow deep breathing exercise is a nonpharmacologic method to reduce stress levels on diabetes mellitus patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of slow deep breathing exercises on decreasing stress levels for patients with diabetes mellitus. This study used a quasi-experiment pretest-posttest with a control group design was conducted at Kedungmundu public health center, Semarang. All of 32 samples were recruited in this study. Wilcoxon test analysis calculated a value of p=0.000 < ɑ 0,005. The statistical analysis found significantly different results between the pretest and posttest in the experimental group. Slow deep breathing exercise is effective to decrease the stress levels for patients with diabetes mellitus. Slow deep breathing exercise is strongly suggested for patients with diabetes mellitus as self-intervention to reduce stress levels.
FREE DISPOSAL HULL (FDH), ODER-M AND ODER-ALPHA (α) EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS FOR RUBBER SMALLHOLDERS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Aliyu A. 
Published: September 2020

The study examines the technical efficiency of rubber smallholders in Negeri Sembilan under 3 age categories using different method of efficiency analysis which include the Free Disposal Hull (FDH), Expected Oder-m (EOM) and Oder-Alpha (α) (O-α). The analysis was done in such a way that the rubber age was categorized in to All-age, matured-age and Old-age categories. Multistage sampling procedure was used and 307 smallholders were used comprising 307,206 and 101 for all-age, matured-age and old-age categories respectively. The result of the analysis revealed that the mean technical efficiency of all-age, matured-age and old-age crops under FDH were 1.00, 1.00 and 1.00 while that of Order-Alpha and Expected Oder-m were 0.89, 0.89, 0.90 and 0.96, 0.97 0.98 respectively for the all-age, matured-age and old-age crops categories. The percentages of rubber crop farms that are on the FDH production frontier were 100%, 100%, and 100% while under Order Alpha (α) were 13%,10 and 20%. The ones under expected order-m frontier were 29%, 39% and 52% respectively for all-age, matured-age and old-age categories. The mean TE of FDH and mean TE of Order-Alpha were subjected under paired t-test and found to be statistically different from each other. It was revealed that mean TE of FDH was statistically greater than that of Order-M efficiency. Order- M and Order-alpha efficiencies were also subjected under paired mean t-test, and the results indicated that the two means were statistically different from each other. Expected Order-M was found to be statistically higher in magnitude than its counterpart Order Alpha. The study finally concludes that FDH has higher efficiency scores than the other two partial production frontiers. Also deduced from the study was that the old-age category has higher efficiency scores than both the matured-age and all-age categories under both the EOM and Oder Alpha production frontier techniques.. So conclusively the old-age is higher than the matured-age which in turn higher than the all-age category in both the Expected Oder-m and Oder-Alpha production frontiers. Most importantly, policy planners should be very cautious on specific techniques. They should as well be knowledgeable and comparatively minded on the results obtained from both the Expected Oder-m and Oder-Alpha production frontiers with regards to the policy selections on the rubber crop.
EVALUATION OF LIGHT POLLUTION IN THE STREETS AND THE ROADS OF AL-NAJAF CITY, IRAQ
Authors: Admawi Hayder 
Published: September 2020

The use of night-time lighting is an irreplaceable technique in modern urban societies. On the other hand, its excessive use is accompanied by undesirable effects on humans and nature, as well as on all living beings. This has been declared in the last two decades. Nowadays, light pollution is getting increasing attention all over the world, particularly in developed countries, as most of the global researches have proven that there is a direct link between serious health problems and the increase in the levels of light intensity that people are exposed to. However, to minimize the use of exceeding lighting, some countries such as South Korea and many international organizations concerned with light pollution such as CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage) have developed specifications and determinants to minimize light pollution. Furthermore, these countries have enacted laws and legislations that regulate and limit artificial lighting use. Whereas in other countries, such as Iraq, the issue of light pollution has not given enough attention from researchers or officials and there have been no specifications that limit this widespread phenomenon. In this study, a field survey was performed that included many famous commercial and main streets as well as some external roads that link Al-Najaf city with other cities in Iraq. Moreover, this investigation included measuring the intensity of lighting in many significant squares in Al-Najaf city. This study concluded out there is clear and tangible light pollution and exceeds determinants many times in most streets and roads. In Al-Sadiq Street, for example (the main street in the old city), light pollution was 16.78 times greater than the allowable limit. This is the highest value that exceeds the standard limits for a survey of the selected streets in Al-Najaf city. As for the city squares, they were all higher than the permitted limit, whether during pre-curfew or postcurfew times. In this respect, the light pollution in “Thworat al-Ishreen Square” exceeded by 48.96 times and 233.8 times the official standard of (CIE) recommendations during the period of pre-curfew and post-curfew respectively. This indicates a lack of environmental awareness in reducing unnecessary lighting as well as the absence of legislation and laws that limit the use of lighting, mainly after midnight, and that is entirely different the way the developed countries have handled the adverse effects of light pollution.
PENGARUH BUDAYA KAIZEN DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PT SURYA TOTO INDONESIA
Authors: Nilawati Sri 
Published: September 2020

Persaingan yang ketat merupkan salah satu tantangan yang harus dihadapi suatu perusahaan. Banyaknya kompetitor-kompetitor baru yang bermunculan menuntut perusahaan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan sumber daya manusia yang ada di dalamnya meningkatkan pertumbuhan bisnis perusahaan. PT. Toto Indonesia melakukan peningkatan kualitas kerjanya untuk dapat bersaing dengan kompotitor-kompotitor baru, agar dapat melakukan hal tersebut maka kinerja karyawan perlu ditingkatkan dengan memperhatikan budaya kaizen dan disiplin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh budaya kaizen dan disiplin kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskritif kuantitatif, yaitu menjelaskan hubungan antara variable dengan menganalisis data numerik (angka) menggunakan metode statistic melalui pengujian hipotesa. Variable yang diteliti adalah pengaruh budaya kaizen (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) sebagai variable bebas, sedangkan variable terikat adalah produktivitas kinerja (Y). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linier, uji t (t-test) untuk uji secara parsial dan uji F (F-test) untuk analisis secara simultan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 21,260 + 0,200X1 + 0,269X2 artinya ada pengaruh yang positif dan searah antara X1 dan X2 terhadap Y. Pengujian t-test dari hasil regresi di peroleh besarnya thitung X1 sebesar 2,083 dan X2 sebesar 3,166 yang lebih besar dari ttabel 1,664. dengan nilai siginifikan 0,000 untuk variable X1 dan X2, yang berarti variable X1 DAN X2 berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap variable terikat Y secara partial. Pengujian F-test untuk regresi linier berganda diperoleh Fhitung 8,583 yang lebih bsar dari Ftabel 3,12 dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 yang berarti adanya pengaruh nyata (signifikan) antara variable bebas X1 dan X2 dengan variable terikat Y secara simulant.Kata kunci : Pengaruh Budaya Kaizen dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Surya Toto Indonesia
Energy saving in the extractive distillation of isobutyl alcohol–isobutyl acetate with n-butyl propionate
Authors: Klauzner P. S. , Rudakov D. G. , Anokhina E. A. , Timoshenko A. V. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives. Determination of the effectiveness of using various types of heat pumps in the extractive distillation of an isobutyl alcohol–isobutyl acetate mixture with n-butyl propionate as the entrainer.Methods. As the main research method, mathematical modeling was performed using the Aspen Plus V. 9 software package. As a model for describing the vapor–liquid equilibrium, the local composition equation-based UNIQUAC model was employed, and the Redlich–Kwong model was adopted to examine the non-ideal vapor phase. When modeling the conventional scheme of extractive distillation, parametric optimization was carried out according to the criterion of total energy costs in the reboilers of the columns. For economical evaluation, Aspen Process Economic Analyzer V10.1 tools were employed. Results. In comparison with the conventional extractive distillation scheme, three variants of schemes with vapor-recompression heat pumps were considered: with a heat pump placed on an extractive distillation column, on an extractive agent regeneration column, and with two heat pumps placed on both columns of the scheme. A scheme with an internal heat pump was also proposed, in which the heat pump compressor is located between sections of extractive columns that operate at different pressures: 506.6 kPa in the top sections and 101.3 in the bottom section. An economic analysis was conducted for all the considered schemes to calculate the total annual costs. It was shown that schemes with vapor-recompression heat pumps can significantly reduce the energy costs of extractive distillation by up to 39.6%; however, a significant reduction in the total annual costs is achieved only with sufficiently long operation periods of the plants. The reduction in the energy costs in the scheme with an internal heat pump was 44%, and the total annual costs were in the range of 20.2–30.1%, depending on the operating time of the plant. Conclusions. It was shown that using heat pumps in the extractive distillation of the mixture of isobutyl alcohol–isobutyl acetate with n-butyl propionate as the entrainer can significantly reduce energy costs. The scheme with an internal heat pump is the most economical of all the considered schemes.
New approaches for the standardization of the Monarda fistulosa herb
Authors: Kurkin V. A. , Tsibina A. S. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives. The Monarda fistulosa herb of the Lamiaceae family is particularly interesting among essential oils from medicinal plants that have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. However, information regarding some of its flavonoids, which are found in the essential oil, is controversial. Inaccuracies in identification of the chemical composition of the herb have led to several different standardization approaches, which are cumbersome. To establish a uniform classification, here, we present confirmation for new approaches for the standardization of the Monarda fistulosa herb. Methods. Silica gel column chromatography was used to extract the flavonoids. Identification was based on ultraviolet spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and acidic hydrolysis. The quality of the proposed quantitation methodology for total flavonoids was assessed by differential spectrophotometry at 394 nm, in isorhoifolin equivalent.Results. We have verified new approaches for the standardization of the Monarda fistulosa herb. The approaches can determine the authenticity of the herb by detecting monoterpene phenols and flavonoids that have diagnostic value. We also developed a technique for quantitation of the total flavonoids. Conclusions. We investigated the possibility of establishing the authenticity of the Monarda fistulosa herb based on the diagnostically significant flavonoids, isorhoifolin and linarin.
Optimization of total flavonoid content of ethanolic extract of Persicaria pulchra (Bl.) Soják for the inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme
Authors: Do N. H.N. , Le T. M. , Nguyen C. D.P. , Ha A. C. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives. There has been a rapid increase in the number of diabetic patients since the past few decades in developed and developing countries. This rapid increase is accompanied by alarming costs of treatment. α-Glucosidase inhibitors are one of the most effective drugs employed for the reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia to manage Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, flavonoids, a group of natural substances, which are widely distributed in plants and possess variable phenolic structures, exhibit outstanding hypoglycemic activity and are considered as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. In Vietnam, Persicaria pulchra (Bl.) Soják (P. pulchra) is employed in traditional medications. It possesses high flavonoid contents and its anti-diabetes ability has been hypothesized, although it has attracted less attention for investigation. Hence, the aim of this study is to optimize the condition of the P. pulchra extract to obtain the highest total flavonoid content and measure the bioactivities of P. pulchra, such as the anti-α-glucosidase and antioxidant activities.Methods. The effects of the extracting conditions, including the temperature, extraction time, liquid-to-solid ratio (LSR), and ethanol (C2H5OH) concentration, on the total flavonoid content are investigated via experiments and analyzed by the response surface methodology (RSM). Concurrently, the optimal extraction also determines the anti-α-glucosidase and antioxidant activities.Results. The optimal extraction condition for the highest flavonoid content (530 mg quercetin/g) is determined in 60 min, at 53°C, with LSR of 9.46 g/g and C2H5OH concentration of 62%. Moreover, the optimal plant extract exhibits good α-glucosidase inhibition with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 22.67 mg/mL, compared to the positive control (acarbose −7.77 g/mL). Additionally, P. pulchra is proposed to be a potential antioxidant with an IC50 of ~12.68 µg/mL.Conclusions. The study confirmed the optimal extraction condition of P. pulchra that will obtain the highest total flavonoid content and revealed the potentials of P. pulchra in α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidation.
Solvent extraction of europium(III) from technogenic solutions with the use of surfactants
Authors: Dzhevaga N. V. , Lobacheva O. L. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives. The extraction and separation of rare-earth metals is a complicated process that requires a multidisciplinary and detailed investigation. Liquid-liquid extraction with the use of surfactant, along with the thermodynamic analysis of the parameters is considered a promising approach. The extraction and separation of rare-earth metals from low-concentration solutions represents an attractive research opportunity. The extraction of europium(III) from nitric acid solutions in the form of dodecyl sulfates has been experimentally studied. This work focuses on the study of fundamental and alternative sources of rare-earth metals and their extraction and separation.Methods. The extraction was performed on a top drive ES-8300 D equipment for 30 min at about 700 rpm. Infrared spectroscopy (Nicolet 6700 spectrometer) was used to determine the type of salts extracted into the organic phase. Extraction was studied in solutions with single cations and with a combination of the target element and interfering cations. For the latter, the concentrations of extracted elements in the aqueous phase were determined by optical emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma on an ICPE-9000 (Shimadzu) spectrometer. The spectrometer was calibrated using standard samples for ICP CertiPUR (Merck).Results. The dependence of the distribution and separation coefficients of rare-earth metals during extraction on the pH value of the aqueous phase at equilibrium was investigated. Moreover, the form in which the elements are extracted was analyzed based on thermodynamic parameters. The minimum concentration of the target component in the aqueous phase was observed at pH 4.0. In general, the dependence of the distribution coefficient on the pH value of the medium is poorly expressed over the entire range of the pH range of the water phase. Based on the spectra of spent and pure isooctyl alcohol, it was concluded that europium dodecyl sulfates are extracted into the organic phase as Eu(C12H25OSO3) 3 solvates.Conclusions. The extraction of europium(III) from nitric acid solutions in the form of dodecyl sulfates was demonstrated. The advantages of the proposed method are the possibility of selective extraction of the target component from dilute solutions and the use of an easily available surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate). The efficiency of extraction of europium dodecyl sulfates was maximal in the pH range from 2.0 to 7.5, which reflects a weak dependence on the acidity of the aqueous phase. In addition, in the highly alkaline pH region, the extraction efficiency is reduced.
Shifts in the pKa value of acid–base indicators caused by immobilization on solid substrates via water-soluble polycationic polymers: a case study of Congo Red
Authors: Naumova A. O. , Melnikov P. V. , Dolganova E. V. , Yashtulov N. A. , Zaitsev N. K. 
Published: September 2020

Objectives. Herein, the effects of cationic polyelectrolytes on the properties of solid substrate immobilized acid–base indicators are investigated to predict shifts in their spectral patterns and characteristics. Methods. The properties of the silica gel immobilized indicator dye in a solution of the cationic polyelectrolyte were studied using automatic photometric titration in the visible region and spectrophotometry using a specialized computerized setup. Results. The measured pKa value of the immobilized dye, which had shifted by three units to the acidic region, was very similar to the pKa value observed for the indicator in the modifying polymer solution. The observed change in pKa of the immobilized dye and the influence of the solution’s ionic strength were attributed to the local electric potential of the polymer globule. In contrast to the processes associated with covalent immobilization, the effect exerted by the solution’s ionic strength on the indicator reaction diminishes, which, in turn, affects the measured values obtained.Conclusions. The creation of a sensor for continuous visualization of pH levels based on Congo Red immobilized on silica gel was described. Here, a color transition was noted between pH 1 and 4. These materials can be used to monitor metal extraction processes from industrial effluents or to optimize the extraction of valuable actinides. The approach demonstrated in this work can be applied to immobilize other indicators for pH level monitoring purposes or the production of sensors for other analytes.