bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TIMELESS is a Potential Molecular Marker in Glioma: A Study Based on Multiple Databases and Methods
Authors: Liu Zhendong , Ren Zhishuai , Han Zhibin , Cheng Xingbo , Zhang Wang , Liu Binfeng , Wang Jialin , Gao Yanzheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent years, some studies have shown that TIMELESS, as an oncogene, is involved in the malignant progression of cancers. However, its relationship with the prognosis of glioma patients is rarely reported. Our purpose is to explore the role of TIMELESS in glioma. Main body: Based on 1814 glioma samples from multiple databases such as TCGA, CGGA, GEO, we use a variety of bioinformatics methods to verify the mechanism of action of TIMELESS in glioma from mRNA to protein, from appearance to mechanism analysis, from clinical features to prognosis. Then, use the CMap tool to predict potential drugs that inhibit the expression of TIMELESS. First, we found TIMELESS is highly expressed in glioma from the mRNA level to the protein level. Second, TIMELESS is an independent risk factor for prognosis and has a suitable clinical diagnosis value in glioma. It was also positively correlated with WHO grade, age, histology, and negatively correlated with IDH1 mutation and 1p19q codeletion. Third, Base excision, cell cycle, and mismatch repair pathway were activated by TIMELESS in glioma. At last, we predict small molecules that potentially inhibit TIMELESS such as 8-azaguanine, gw8510, 6-thioguanosine, and ursodeoxycholic acid. Conclusion: This study is the first comprehensive analysis of TIMELESS, revealing the relationship between the novel oncogene and the clinical characteristics of patients with glioma, and the mechanism leading to poor prognosis. It also provides a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma. Our research hopes to reveal the pathological progress of glioma at the genetic level.
Analysis of Bayesian Optimization Algorithms for Big Data Classification Based on Map Reduce Framework
Authors: Banchhor Chitrakant , N Srinivasu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The process of big data handling refers the efficient management of storage and processing of very large volume of data. The data in a structured and an unstructured format require specific approach for overall handling.The classifiers analyzed in this paper are correlative naïve bayes classifier (CNB), Cuckoo Grey wolf CNB (CGCNB), Fuzzy CNB (FCNB), and Holoentropy CNB (HCNB). These classifiers are based on Bayesian principle and work accordingly. The CNB is developed by extending the standard naïve bayes classifier with applied correlation among the attributes so that it becomes a dependent hypothesis and it is named as a correlative naïve bayes classifier (CNB). The cuckoo search and grey wolf optimization algorithms are integrated with the CNB classifier and significant performance improvement is achieved. The resulting classifier is called as cuckoo grey wolf correlative naïve bayes classifier (CGCNB). The further performance improvements are achieved by incorporating fuzzy theory termed as fuzzy correlative naïve bayes classifier (FCNB) and holoentropy theory termed as Holoentropy correlative naïve bayes classifier (HCNB) respectively. FCNB and HCNB classifiers are comparatively analyzed with CNB and CGCNB and achieved noticeable performance by analyzing with accuracy, sensitivity and specificity analysis.
WITHDRAWN: Simultaneous Production of Bioemulsifier and Exopolysaccharides by Thermophilic Brevibacillus Borstelensis Using Response Surface Model, Genetic Algorithm and NSGA
Authors: Dhagat Swasti , Jujjavarapu Satya Eswari 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Bioemulsifier and exopolysaccharides are two of the important biomolecules produced as secondary metabolites by many microorganisms. Bioemulsifiers emulsify hydrophobic substrates allowing their consumption by microorganisms whereas exopolysaccharides provide structural scaffold for the microorganisms to attach to any surface for biofilm formation. Both of these biomolecules have various applications in pharmaceutical and biomedical sectors and hence their production with high yield becomes important. A thermophilic bacterium, Brevibacillus borstelensis, has shown to produce bioemulsifier and exopolysaccharides simultaneously with limited yields. Central composite design-response surface methodology was employed as experimental design strategy to maximize the yields of both of these products with concentrations of glucose, monosodium glutamate, yeast extract and magnesium sulphate in the medium as process variables. The concentration of bioemulsifiers, exopolysaccharides and biomass were chosen as responses of the study. A set of 30 experiments were performed as a part of optimization study with 24 runs as non-centre points and 6 runs as centre points. The model obtained from central composite design was further optimized by genetic algorithm and naïve sorted genetic algorithm. The best results obtained from the three modelling and optimization tools were compared and the models were validated.
Socioeconomic Differentials in Trends in the Prevalence of Hypertension and Pre-hypertension and Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control in Rural Southwestern China
Authors: Fan Luming , Wang Fang , Zhao Min , Cui Wen-Long , Cai Le 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: This study examines the socioeconomic differentials in trends in the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension and hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in rural Southwestern China.Methods: Two cross-sectional interviews and health examination surveys were administered in rural Yunnan Province, including 6,350 consenting participants in 2009 and 6,359 consenting participants in 2016 (aged ≥ 35 years). Participant demographics, socioeconomic status (SES), and ethnicity, along with information about hypertension awareness, treatment, and control, were collected using similar questionnaires in the two surveys. The participants’ blood pressure levels were also measured.Results: From 2009 to 2016, the prevalence of hypertension substantially increased from 28.4% to 39.5% (P < 0.01), and awareness and control rose from 42.2 and 25.8% to 53.1 (P < 0.01) and 30.6% (P < 0.05), respectively. Although people with a higher education level also had higher awareness and control rates than the lower education level ones, there were no conspicuous differences in the improvement of awareness and control between publics with different education levels over the 7 years studied. Increases were observed in both rates of awareness and control in people with a high level of income (P < 0.01). However, only the awareness rate increased in participants with a low level of income. Furthermore, the prevalence (P < 0.01) and treatment (P < 0.05) of hypertension were higher in the Han people than in ethnic minorities.Conclusions: Individual SES has clear associations with trends in the prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension. Future interventions to improve hypertension prevention and control should be tailored to address individual SES.
Src is Essential for the Endosomal Delivery of the FGFR4 Signaling Complex in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Shin Ji-Yon , Ahn Sung-Min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHepatocytes usually express fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), but not its ligand, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19). A subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) expresses FGF19, which activates the FGFR4 signaling pathway that induces cell proliferation. FGFR4 inhibitors that target this mechanism are under clinical development for the treatment of HCCs with FGF19 amplification or FGFR4 overexpression. Src plays an essential role in the FGFR1 and FGFR2 signaling pathways. However, it is yet to be understood whether Src has any role in the FGF19-FGFR4 pathway in HCCs. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of Src in the FGF19-FGFR4 axis in HCC.Methods3 HCC cell lines expressing both FGF19 and FGFR4 were selected. The expression of each protein was suppressed by siRNA treatment, and the activity-regulating relationship between FGFR4 and Src was investigated by westernblot. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed using the FGFR4 antibody to identify the endosomal complex formation and receptor endocytosis. The intracellular migration pathways of the endosomal complex were observed by immuno-fluorescence and nuclear co-immunoprecipitation. Dasatinib and BLU9931 were used for cytotoxicity comparison.ResultsFGFR4 modulates the activity of Src and Src modulates the expression of FGFR4, showing a mutual regulatory relationship. FGFR4 activated by FGF19 formed an endosomal complex with Src and STAT3 and moved to the nucleus. However, when Src was suppressed, the formation of the endosomal complex was not observed. FGFR4 was released from the complex transferred into the nucleus and the binding of Src and STAT3 was maintained. Dasatinib showed cytotoxic results comparable to BLU9931. The results of our study demonstrated that Src is essential for the nuclear transport of STAT3, as it induces the endosomal delivery of FGFR4 in FGF19-expressing HCC cell lines.ConclusionsWe found that Src is essential for the endosomal delivery of the FGFR4 signaling complex in HCC. Our findings provide a scientific rationale for repurposing Src inhibitors for the treatment of HCCs in which the FGFR4 pathway is activated.
Aortic Root Enlargement in patients with small aortic annulus undergoing double valve replacement. A retrospective Comparative cohort study
Authors: Mubarak Yasser Shaban , Abdeljawad Ahmed Abdel Rahman 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Small Aortic Annulus (AA) is big issue during Aortic Valve Replacement (AVR) necessitating replacement of inappropriate-sized prostheses especially during Double Valve Replacement (DVR). Despite that small aortic valve prostheses can lead to Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch (PPM), there remains reluctance to perform aortic root enlargement (ARE) procedures fearing from morbidity and mortality. We evaluate clinical and echocardiographic outcomes in patients with small AA undergoing DVR.
Methods
The study included 100 consecutive patients underwent DVR for combined rheumatic aortic and mitral valve diseases, between June 2016 and November 2020. Only (50) patients had ARE with DVR. ARE was performed using an autologous or bovine pericardium or Dacron patch by Nick′s or Manouguian procedures. The estimated post-operative end-points were mortality, effective orifice areas (EOA), mean aortic pressure gradient and valve-related complications. The least post-operative follow-up period was 6 months.
Results
The study included 30 male and 70 female patients with mean age of 45 ± 10 years, body surface area (BSA) of 1.6 ± 0.50 m2, aortic annulus diameter was 20 ± 0.4 mm, EOAi was 0.80 ± 0.50 cm2/m2, and aortic mean gradient (PG) 80 ± 40 mm Hg. During follow-up period, there was a mild paravalvular leak (1%) with, (1%) heart block, and residual mean PG on prosthetic aortic valve with all cases of DVR alone.
Conclusion
Enlargement of aortic root by Nick′s or Manouguian technique is safe and effective in patients with small aortic annulus undergoing double valve replacements.
Validation of the Arabic version of the EORTC Colorectal (CR29) module in Moroccan colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Alami Yacir El , Bachri Houda , Essangri Hajar , Benamer Said , Benkabbou Amine , Mohsine Raouf , Majbar Mohammed Anass , Souadka Amine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose

Quality of life outcomes are a focal endpoint of cancer treatment strategies which can be evaluated through patient-related outcome measures (PROMs). We aim to validate the Moroccan Arabic version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire for Colorectal cancer patients (EORTC QLQ CR-29).
Methods

Following translation to Moroccan Arabic, the QLQ CR-29 was administered to patients treated for colorectal cancer (CRC) in the national institute of oncology. Psychometric properties were tested by measuring Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for reliability and Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) to examine test-retest reproducibility. The multitrait-scaling analysis was performed to demonstrate the validity of the instrument and the ability to discriminate between different patient groups was tested using known-groups comparison.
Results

In total, 221 patients were included in our study and 34 patients completed the questionnaire twice. The urinary Frequency scale and Stool Frequency scale had good internal consistency with alpha Cronbach coefficients of 0,79 and 0,83 respectively, whereas the coefficient was moderately lower for the Blood and Mucus in Stool scale (0,61) and the Body Image scale (0,67). The ICCs ranged from 0,88 to 1 indicating good to excellent reproducibility. In multitrait scaling analyses, the criterion for item convergent and divergent validity was satisfactory. The known-group comparison showed statistically significant differences between patients according to age, gender, stoma status, tumor location, and radiotherapy.
Conclusion

The Moroccan Arabic version of the EORTC QLQ-CR29 is a valid and reliable tool and can be used for research and clinical purposes in Moroccan CRC patients.
EEG characteristics of mechanically ventilated critically ill patients at high risk of delirium
Authors: Eskioglou E. , Iaquaniello C. , Alvarez V. , Rüegg S. , Schindler K. , Rossetti A. O. , Oddo M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Neurophysiological exploration of ICU delirium is limited. Here, we examined EEG characteristics of medical-surgical critically ill patients with new onset altered consciousness state at high risk for ICU delirium.
Methods

Pre-planned analysis of non-neurological mechanically ventilated medical-surgical ICU subjects, who underwent a prospective multicenter randomized, controlled EEG study (NCT03129438, April 2017-November 2018). EEG characteristics, according to the 2012 ACNS nomenclature, included background activity, rhythmic periodic patterns/epileptic activity, amplitude, frequency, stimulus-induced discharges, triphasic waves, reactivity and NREM sleep. We explored EEG findings in delirious vs. non-delirious patients, specifically focusing on presence of burst-suppression and rhythmic periodic patterns (ictal-interictal continuum), and epileptiform activity (ictal EEG).
Results

We analyzed 91 patients (median age, 66 years) who underwent EEG because of new onset altered consciousness state at a median 5 days from admission; 42 patients developed delirium (46%). Burst-suppression (10 vs. 0%, p = 0.02), rhythmic/periodic patterns (43% vs. 22%, p = 0.03) and epileptiform activity (7 vs. 0%, p = 0.05) were more frequent in delirious vs. non-delirious patients. The presence of at least one of these abnormal EEG findings (32/91 patients; 35%) was associated with a significant increase in the likelihood of delirium (42 vs. 15%, p = 0.006). Cumulative dose of sedatives and analgesics, as well as all other EEG characteristics, did not differ significantly between the two groups.
Conclusion

In mechanically ventilated non-neurological critically ill patients with new onset alteration of consciousness, EEG showing burst-suppression and/or ictal-interictal continuum findings indicates a higher risk of ICU delirium, independently of sedation and analgesia.
Implications of Cardiac Markers in Risk-Stratification and Management for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Li Pengping , Wu Wei , Zhang Tingting , Wang Ziyu , Li Jie , Zhu Mengyan , Liang Yuan , You Wenhua , Li Kening , Ding Rong , Huang Bin , Wu Lingxiang , Duan Weiwei , Han Yi , Li Xuesong , Tang Xin , Wang Xin , Wang Qianghu , Xia Xinyi , Ji Yong , chen hongshan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

COVID-19 has resulted in high mortality worldwide. Information regarding cardiac markers for precise risk-stratification is limited. We aim to discover a sensitive and reliable early-warning biomarker for optimizing management and improving the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
Methods

A total of 2,954 consecutive COVID-19 patients who were receiving treatment from the Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital in China from February 4 to April 10 were included in this selected retrospectively cohort. Serum levels of cardiac markers were collected after admission. Coronary artery disease diagnosis and survival status were also recorded. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of cells was performed to analyze SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression.
Results

Among 2,954 COVID-19 patients in the final analysis, the median age was 60 years (50–68 years), 1,461 (49.5%) were female, and 1,515 (51.3%) were severe/critical. Compared to mild/moderate (1,439, 48.7%) patients, severe/critical patients showed significantly higher levels of cardiac markers within the first week after admission. In severe/critical COVID-19 patients, those with abnormal serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide (42 [24.6%] vs 7 [1.1%]), hs-TNI (38 [48.1%] vs 6 [1.0%]), α- HBDH (55 [10.4%] vs 2 [0.2%]), CK-MB (45 [36.3%] vs 12 [0.9%]), and LDH (56 [12.5%] vs 1 [0.1%]) had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to patients with normal levels. The same trend was observed in the ICU admission rate. Severe/critical COVID-19 patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease (165/1,155 [10.9%]) had more cases of abnormal brain natriuretic peptide (52 [46.5%] vs 119 [16.5%]), hs-TNI (24 [26.7%] vs 9.6 [%], α- HBDH (86 [55.5%] vs 443 [34.4%]), CK-MB (27 [17.4%] vs 97 [7.5%]), and LDH (65 [41.9%] vs 382 [29.7%]), when compared with those without coronary artery disease. There was enhanced SARS-CoV-2 receptor expression in coronary artery disease compared with healthy controls. From regression analysis, patients with elevated BNP levels were at a higher risk of death (hazards ratio, 1.001 [95% CI, 1.0003–1.002]).
Conclusions

COVID-19 patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease represented a higher abnormal percentage of cardiac markers, accompanied by high mortality and ICU admission rate. Brain natriuretic peptide is an effective biomarker for risk assessment in COVID-19 patients with or without pre-existing CAD.
Traditional Food Taboos and Practices during Pregnancy, Postpartum Recovery and Infant Care of Zulu Women in Northern KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Ramulondi Mmbulaheni , de Wet Helene , Ntuli Nontuthuko Rosemary 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Indigenous practices and beliefs influence and support the behavior of women during pregnancy and childbirth in different parts of the world. Not much research has been conducted to examine whether and how cultural traditions continue to shape maternity experiences of Zulu women. The aim of this study is to establish the extent at which women in certain rural communities still adhere to traditional food taboos and practices during pregnancy, postpartum recovery and infants feeding, rather than modern medical practices. Methods: A survey was conducted in rural northern KwaZulu-Natal between 2017 and 2020. A total of 140 women between the ages of 18 and 90 years were interviewed purposively based on their experiences in pregnancy, postpartum recovery, infant care and their willingness to share the knowledge. The interviews were conducted with school employees (teachers, cleaners and kitchen staff), workers in a cashew nut factory, and women in homesteads. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: Most (64%) of the participants said that they adhered to these cultural food taboos and practices. The most common foods avoided were certain fruits (mango, orange, naartjie paw-paw, peach), butternut, eggs, sweets (sugar, juice, sweet food, and honey), chili, ice and alcohol. The most highly recommended foods during pregnancy were leafy vegetables, fruits, liver and fish. For postpartum recovery, women mostly consumed soft porridge, all fruits and vegetables, beetroot and tea. Food not allowed for children younger than two years included meat, sugar and sweets, and chewable foods.Conclusion: There were insignificant differences on food taboos and practices between the literate and illiterate participants. Most of the food taboos they mentioned do not have scientific explanation. Restrictions from fruits (vitamins C and A) and protein consumption may result in malnutrition and deprive the unborn babies of sufficient nutrients, and the foods recommended during pregnancy and postpartum period would not provide all the essential nutrients required for successful pregnancy. However, some of the food taboos would protect women from unhealthy eating. Our findings provide a basis for developing culturally appropriate nutritional intervention programs for Zulu women with a view to provide effective nutritional counselling.
Wearing N95, Surgical and Cloth Face Masks Compromises the Communication of Emotion
Authors: Langbehn Andrew , Yermol Dasha , Zhao Fangyun , Thorstenson Christopher , Niedenthal Paula 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
According to the familiar axiom, the eyes are the window to the soul. However, wearing masks to prevent the spread of COVID-19 involves occluding a large portion of the face. Do the eyes carry all of the information we need to perceive each other’s emotions? We addressed this question in two studies. In the first, 162 Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) workers saw videos of human faces displaying expressions of happiness, disgust, anger, and surprise that were fully visible or covered by N95, surgical, or cloth masks and rated the extent to which the expressions conveyed each of the four emotions. Across mask conditions, participants perceived significantly lower levels of the expressed (target) emotion and this was particularly true for expressions composed of greater facial action in the lower part of the faces. Furthermore, higher levels of other (non-target) emotions were perceived in masked compared to visible faces. In the second study, 60 MTurk workers rated the extent to which three types of smiles (reward, affiliation, and dominance smiles), either visible or masked, conveyed positive feelings, reassurance, and superiority. They reported that masked smiles communicated less of the target signal than visible faces, but not more of other possible signals. Political attitudes were not systematically associated with disruptions in the processing of facial expression caused by masking the face.