bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massive pneumoperitoneum with abdominal pain and fever mimicking delayed perforation following endoscopic resection: A case report
Authors: Yeh Jen‐Hao , Chen Jen‐Chieh , Hsu Chia‐Chang , Wang Wen‐Lun , Lin Chih‐Wen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPneumoperitoneum has been reported as an intraprocedural or acute postprocedural adverse event resulting from advanced endoscopic intervention. Here, we report a case of a massive pneumoperitoneum‐mimicking delayed perforation after colonic endoscopic submucosal dissection. A 60‐year‐old man received endoscopic submucosal dissection for a large colon polyp. Room air was inadvertently used in the first half of the procedure. After 12 hours, the patient developed fever, abdominal pain, and bilateral shoulder pain, and massive pneumoperitoneum was detected through plain film and computed tomography. After urgent diagnostic paracentesis, the patient's symptoms dramatically improved, and laparotomy was avoided. Massive pneumoperitoneum rarely occurs in patients receiving complex and long‐standing endoscopic procedures, and it may manifest similarly to delayed perforation. Prompt diagnostic paracentesis is valuable when the diagnosis is uncertain.
Outcomes of pregnancy in Child A liver cirrhotic patients: A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Salman Ahmed Abdallah , Kasem Mohamed Fikry , Kholaif Khaled M. , Ramadan Mohamed , Yousef Mohamed , Shaaban Hossam El‐Din , Atallah Mohamed , El Sherbiny Mohammad , Ashoush Omar , Seif El Nasr Sayed M 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOnly few studies reported the impact of Child A cirrhosis on pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to assess the outcomes of pregnancy in Child A cirrhotic patients compared to noncirrhotic pregnant females in terms of maternal and neonatal outcomes. The present retrospective study was conducted from January 2013 till January 2018. Pregnant females with Child A cirrhosis and age and gestational age‐matched, noncirrhotic pregnant women were included. The main aim of this work was the differences in the pregnancy‐related outcomes between both studied groups. The present study included 100 pregnant cirrhotic women and 100 pregnant noncirrhotic women as a control group. In terms of the association between the presence of cirrhosis and maternal outcomes. The incidence of preeclampsia in the cirrhotic group was 6% in comparison to 2% in the noncirrhotic group (P = .27). On the other hand, 35% of women in the cirrhosis group underwent cesarean section (CS) delivery compared to 20% only in the noncirrhotic group (P = .018). Regarding neonatal outcomes, the incidence of preterm delivery and low birth weight were notably higher in the cirrhotic group than the noncirrhotic group (25% vs 7%, 15% vs 6% and P = .001, and 0.038). In contrary, there were no statistically significant variations between both groups in terms of stillbirth (P = .72), small for gestational age (P = .33), malformation (P = .99), and neonatal death (P = .99). Child A cirrhosis appears to increase the risks of prematurity, low birth weight and CS delivery; while it has no impact on maternal or neonatal mortality.
Oleogel Fabrication Based on Sodium Caseinate, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, and Beeswax: Effect of Concentration, Oleogelation Method, and Their Optimization
Authors: Alizadeh Leyla , Abdolmaleki Khadije , Nayebzadeh Kooshan , Hosseini Seyede Marzieh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present study, the oleogel preparation with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (0–2 g/100 g), sodium caseinate (CN) (0–4 g/100 g), beeswax (0–5 g/100 g), and oleogelation method (foam and emulsion template) was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to attain the desirable oil retaining ability, rheological, and textural characteristics. For all the chosen responses, the quadratic model was the best‐fitting model with a determination coefficient of R2 > 0.91. Results exhibited that the HPMC and CN concentrations were the most influential tested factors on the oil binding capacity, textural, and rheological characteristics of the oleogels due to the formation of more complex and strong network. There was a significant improvement in oil binding capacity and structure recovery of samples by beeswax addition. To produce oleogel similar to industrial shortening, the optimization method was done based on maximum oil binding capacity and thixotropic recovery and other responses were chosen equal to those of shortening values (ɳa = 330 Pa.s, G′ = 276,543 Pa, A value = 164,308 Pa s rad−1, and firmness = 44.99 g). As regards the optimized level of structuring agents and responses (ɳa = 317 and 329 Pa.s, G′ = 249,782 and 260,997 Pa, A value = 180,022 and 180,373 Pa s rad−1, and firmness = 44.37 and 36.98 g corresponding to Optimization 1 and Optimization 2, respectively), fabrication of oleogels with at least 90 g/100 g trans‐free and low saturated oil and attributes close to industrial shortening is possible.
Early detection of high disease activity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis by sequential monitoring of patients' health‐related quality of life scores
Authors: You Lu , Qiu Andrew , Huang Bin , Qiu Peihua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic disease. During its “high disease activity (HDA)” stage, JIA can cause severe pain, and thus could seriously affect patients' physical and psychological health. Early detection of the HDA stage of JIA can reduce the damage of the disease by treating it at an early stage and alleviating the painful experience of the patients. So far, no effective cure of JIA has been found, and one major goal of disease management is to improve patients' quality of life. To this end, patients' health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) scores are routinely collected over time from JIA patients. In this paper, we demonstrate that a new statistical methodology called dynamic screening system (DySS) is effective for early detection of the HDA stage of JIA. By this approach, a patient's HRQOL scores are monitored sequentially, and a signal is given by DySS once the longitudinal pattern of the scores is found to be significantly different from the pattern of patients with low disease activity. Dimension reduction of the observed HRQOL scores and the corresponding impact on the performance of DySS are also discussed.
Altered structure of the vestibular cortex in patients with vestibular migraine
Authors: Zhe Xia , Gao Jie , Chen Li , Zhang Dongsheng , Tang Min , Yan Xuejiao , Bai Fuxia , Zhang Xin , Zou Ze , Chen Weibo , Lei Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionPrevious voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) studies have revealed changes in brain structure in patients with vestibular migraine (VM); these findings have improved the present understanding of pathophysiology. Few other studies have assessed the association between structural changes and the severity of dizziness in VM. This study aimed to examine the structural changes and cortical morphometric features associated with migraine and vertigo attacks in patients with VM.MethodsTwenty patients with VM and 20 healthy normal volunteers were scanned on a 3‐tesla MRI scanner. The gray matter volume (GMV) was estimated using the automated Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12). The relationship between clinical parameters and morphometric abnormalities was also analyzed in VM.ResultsCompared with controls, VM patients have decreased GMV in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), posterior insula–operculum regions, inferior parietal gyrus, and supramarginal gyrus. Moreover, patient scores on the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) score showed a negative correlation with GMV in the posterior insula–operculum regions.ConclusionThese findings demonstrated abnormality in the central vestibular cortex and correlations between dizziness severity and GMV in core regions of the vestibular cortex of VM patients, suggesting a pathophysiological role of these core vestibular regions in VM patients.
Activation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the basal forebrain reverses acute sleep deprivation‐induced fear memory impairments
Authors: Ma Tao , Zhang Hao , Xu Zhi‐Peng , Lu Yan , Fu Qiang , Wang Wei , Li Guan‐Hua , Wang Ying‐Ying , Yang Yi‐Tian , Mi Wei‐Dong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe mechanisms underlying sleep deprivation‐induced memory impairments and relevant compensatory signaling pathways remain elusive. We tested the hypothesis that increased brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the basal forebrain following acute sleep deprivation was a compensatory mechanism to maintain fear memory performance.MethodsAdult male Wistar rats were deprived of 6‐hr total sleep from the beginning of the light cycle. The effects of sleep deprivation on BDNF protein expression and activation of downstream tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)/phospholipase C‐γ1 (PLCγ1) signaling in the basal forebrain and fear memory consolidation were examined. BDNF or selective downstream TrkB receptor antagonist ANA‐12 was further injected into the basal forebrain bilaterally to observe the changes in fear memory consolidation in response to modulation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling.ResultsSix hours of sleep deprivation‐induced both short‐ and long‐term fear memory impairments. Increased BDNF protein expression and TrkB and PLCγ1 phosphorylation in the basal forebrain were observed after sleep deprivation. Microinjection of BDNF into the basal forebrain partly reversed fear memory deficits caused by sleep deprivation, which were accompanied by increased BDNF protein levels and TrkB/PLCγ1 activation. After ANA‐12 microinjection, sleep deprivation‐induced activation of the BDNF/TrkB pathway was inhibited and impairments of fear memory consolidation were further aggravated.ConclusionsAcute sleep deprivation induces compensatory increase of BDNF expression in the basal forebrain. Microinjection of BDNF into the basal forebrain mitigates the fear memory impairments caused by sleep deprivation by activating TrkB/PLCγ1 signaling.
Once‐a‐week or every‐other‐day urethra‐sparing prostate cancer stereotactic body radiotherapy, a randomized phase II trial: 18 months follow‐up results
Authors: Zilli Thomas , Jorcano Sandra , Bral Samuel , Rubio Carmen , Bruynzeel Anna M.E. , Oliveira Angelo , Abacioglu Ufuk , Minn Heikki , Symon Zvi , Miralbell Raymond 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo present the 18 months results from a prospective multicenter phase II randomized trial of short vs protracted urethra‐sparing stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for localized prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsBetween 2012 and 2015, a total of 170 PCa patients were randomized to 36.25 Gy in 5 fractions (6.5 Gy × 5 to the urethra) delivered either every other day (EOD, arm A, n = 84) or once a week (QW, arm B, n = 86). Genitourinary (GU) and gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity (CTCAE v4.0 scale), IPSS, and QoL scores were assessed at baseline, at the 5th fraction (5fx), 12th weeks (12W), and every 6 months after SBRT. The primary endpoint was biochemical control at 18 months and grade ≥ 3 toxicity (including grade ≥ 2 for urinary obstruction/retention) during the first 3 months.ResultsAmong the 165 patients analyzed, the toxicity stopping rule was never activated during the acute phase. Maximum acute grade 2 GU toxicity rates at 5fx were 17% and 19% for arms A and B, respectively, with only 2 cases of grade 2 GI toxicity at 5fx in arm A. At month 18, grade ≥ 2 GU and GI toxicity decreased below 5% and 2% for both arms. No changes in EORTC QLQ‐PR25 scores for GU, GI, and sexual domains were observed in both arms between baseline and month 18. Four biochemical failures were observed, 2 in each arm, rejecting the null hypothesis of an unfavorable response rate ≤ 85% in favor of an acceptable ≥ 95% rate.ConclusionsAt 18 months, urethra‐sparing SBRT showed a low toxicity profile, with minimal impact on QoL and favorable biochemical control rates, regardless of overall treatment time (EOD vs QW).
Inferior prognosis of gastric involvement in patients with gastrointestinal Burkitt Lymphoma
Authors: Xie Yi , Jia Mengyu , Shi Jumei , Tao Yi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDue to limited information reported on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) patients with gastrointestinal (GI) involvement, here we used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to perform our study in a population‐based scale. Extranodal GI involvement was categorized into gastric and intestinal primary sites. A total of 477 BL patients with GI involvement extracted from the SEER database between 2004 and 2015 were included in this study, 112 (23.5%) with the stomach and 365 (76.5%) with the intestine. Our study demonstrated that gastric involvement, older age, male gender, black race, advanced‐stage III/IV, no‐chemotherapy, and earlier years of diagnosis were associated with a significantly worse overall survival (OS) in GI BL patients after adjustment in multivariate analysis, whereas marital status did not significantly influence OS. Notably, BL Patients with gastric involvement had a significantly inferior 5‐year OS in both univariate and multivariate analysis, as compared to those with intestinal involvement (37.8% vs. 70.2%; Univariate: HR = 2.637, P < .001; Multivariate: HR = 1.489, P = .016). In subgroup analysis, we demonstrated that gastric BL patients had a consistently worse OS than intestinal patients regardless of gender, clinical stage and year of diagnosis. Hopefully, with the advances in modern therapy, improved survival has been found in BL patients with GI involvement as a whole, specifically those with gastric involvement (HR = 0.529, P = .011) in recent years of diagnosis. In conclusion, despite the improved survival achieved in recent years, the prognosis of BL patients with gastric involvement is still poor. Novel personalized therapies and better access to intensive care remain to be needed.
Distribution of heparan sulfate correlated with the expression of heparanase‐1 and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 in an ovariectomized rats skin
Authors: Veridiano Juliana M. , Theodoro Thérèse R. , Negrete Bárbara R. , Petri Giuliana , da Silva Pinhal Maria A. , de Toledo Olga Maria S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere are few studies on heparan sulfate (HS) in the skin, during aging, when estrogen is suppressed. The enzyme heparanase‐1 (HPSE‐1), has its 17β‐estrogen‐regulated expression in pathological conditions such as cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. HPSE‐1 is correlated with the matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), an endopeptidase that also undergoes estrogen action. We investigated the distribution of HS, expression HPSE‐1 and MMP‐9 in the skin of adult rats at different ages and in the age‐matched ovariectomized rats to evaluate the influence of low estrogen on the distribution of HS. Thirty female Wistar rats were used. Rats underwent to a sham surgery (ctr, n = 15) or to a bilateral ovariectomy (ovx, n = 15) and were euthanized after 45, 75, and 90 days after ovariectomy. Morphological, morphometric, biochemical, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) methodologies were used. A significant decrease (P < 0.001) in total skin thickness was observed in the ctr and ovx animals, being higher in the older animals. The thickness of the epidermis and dermis decreased; however, the proportion in the total skin remained similar comparing ctr and ovx. An increase of HS with increasing age and ovariectomy was observed. The expression of the HPSE‐1 and MMP‐9 enzymes decreased, being higher in old animals. A correlation between the increase of HS and the decrease of the HPSE‐1 was demonstrated in both groups. Overall, these data suggested that estrogen acts in the regulation of the expression of the HPSE‐1, not only in pathological states, as already established, but also in aging.
The enduring legacy of Koji Nakanishi's research on bioorganic chemistry and natural products. Part 1: Isolation, structure determination and mode of action
Authors: Ellestad George , Zask Arie , Berova Nina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this brief review on Koji Nakanishi's remarkable career in natural products chemistry, we have highlighted a number of his accomplishments that illustrate the broad diversity of his interests. These include the isolation, structure determination, and biological mechanism of action of many natural products including the triterpenoid pristimerin; the diterpenoid ginkgolides; insect and crustacean molting hormones; phytoalexins; the toxic red tide principle brevetoxin; the vanadium tunicate pigments; philanthotoxin from killer wasps; antisickling agents; mitomycin DNA adducts; insect antifeedants; a mitotic hormone, the small molecule fish attractants from the sea anemone; new isolation and purification technologies; molecular chemistry of vision; age‐related macular degeneration; and the development of the exciton circular dichroism (CD) chirality method for microscale determination of absolute configuration of natural products and chirality of other chiral molecules and supramolecular assembly.
Synthesis of Meta Symmetric 1T’‐WTe2 Using an Edge‐Induced Mechanism
Authors: Xiao Yao , Zhou Mengyue , Liu Jinglu , Wei Bin , Yue Shuanglin , Zhou Yuan , Yang Kena , Zhang Tao , Zeng Mengqi , Wang Zhongchang , Fu Lei 
Published: March 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionLattice symmetry is vital to the properties of two‐dimensional (2D) materials, yet their fixed symmetry cannot meet the increasing requirements in highly efficient and programmable electrical transport. If the structural diversity of 2D materials, as demonstrated by 1T’‐WTe2, is improved without any phase transition or structural reconstruction, excellent metallic 1T’‐WTe2 would be possibly used for integrated devices. Here, we realized meta symmetry of 1T’‐WTe2 by using an edge‐induced mechanism, which is recognized as the combination of the intrinsic C2v symmetry and sixfold axes. On account of the dynamically controlled growth, the meta symmetric 1T’‐WTe2 with ~94.9% purity is obtained for the first time. Meta symmetry will also keep the intrinsic electrical properties of 1T’‐WTe2 over the node. Such meta symmetry could not only enrich the structural diversity of 1T’‐WTe2, but also be extended to other low‐symmetry 2D materials, which would be promising for customized circuits and devices.
Synthesis and Biological Screening of New Lawson Derivatives as Selective Substrate‐Based Inhibitors of Cytochrome bo3 Ubiquinol Oxidase from Escherichia coli
Authors: Elamri Isam , Radloff Melanie , Hohmann Katharina F. , Nimbarte Vijaykumar D. , Nasiri Hamid R. , Bolte Michael , Safarian Schara , Michel Hartmut , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe respiratory chain of Escherichia coli contains two different types of terminal oxidase that are differentially regulated as a response to changing environmental conditions. These oxidoreductases catalyze the reduction of molecular oxygen to water and contribute to the proton motive force. The cytochrome bo3 oxidase (cyt bo3) acts as the primary terminal oxidase under atmospheric oxygen levels, whereas the bd‐type oxidase is most abundant under microaerobic conditions. In E. coli, both types of respiratory terminal oxidase (HCO and bd‐type) use ubiquinol‐8 as electron donor. Here, we assess the inhibitory potential of newly designed and synthesized 3‐alkylated Lawson derivatives through L‐proline‐catalyzed three‐component reductive alkylation (TCRA). The inhibitory effects of these Lawson derivatives on the terminal oxidases of E. coli (cyt bo3 and cyt bd‐I) were tested potentiometrically. Four compounds were able to reduce the oxidoreductase activity of cyt bo3 by more than 50 % without affecting the cyt bd‐I activity. Moreover, two inhibitors for both cyt bo3 and cyt bd‐I oxidase could be identified. Based on molecular‐docking simulations, we propose binding modes of the new Lawson inhibitors. The molecular fragment benzyl enhances the inhibitory potential and selectivity for cyt bo3, whereas heterocycles reduce this effect. This work extends the library of 3‐alkylated Lawson derivatives as selective inhibitors for respiratory oxidases and provides molecular probes for detailed investigations of the mechanisms of respiratory‐chain enzymes of E. coli.
Small‐Molecule Inhibitors of METTL3, the Major Human Epitranscriptomic Writer
Authors: Bedi Rajiv K. , Huang Danzhi , Eberle Stefanie A. , Wiedmer Lars , Śledź Pawel , Caflisch Amedeo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe RNA methylase METTL3 catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from the cofactor S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine (SAM) to the N6 atom of adenine. We have screened a library of 4000 analogues and derivatives of the adenosine moiety of SAM by high‐throughput docking into METTL3. Two series of adenine derivatives were identified in silico, and the binding mode of six of the predicted inhibitors was validated by protein crystallography. Two compounds, one for each series, show good ligand efficiency. We propose a route for their further development into potent and selective inhibitors of METTL3.
Use of immunotherapy and surgery for stage IV melanoma
Authors: Molina George , Kasumova Gyulnara G. , Qadan Motaz , Boland Genevieve M. 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundImmunotherapy for stage IV melanoma has dramatically changed the overall prognosis and treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether changes in systemic immunotherapy options have significantly altered surgical resection rates for patients with stage IV melanoma.MethodsThe National Cancer Database (2004‐2015) was used to perform a difference‐in‐difference analysis to evaluate whether the rate of surgical resection of metastatic disease for stage IV melanoma differed with the use of immunotherapy in the checkpoint inhibitor era in comparison with the use of immunotherapy in the pre–checkpoint inhibitor era. An adjusted difference‐in‐difference analysis stratified by facility type was performed. An adjusted Poisson regression analysis evaluated predictors of surgical resection in patients with stage IV melanoma who received immunotherapy.ResultsThere were 14,433 patients with stage IV melanoma (median age, 66 years [interquartile range, 56‐76 years]; female, 31.7%), and of all patients in the checkpoint inhibitor era (n = 7,524), 25% (n = 1,879) received immunotherapy. Patients with stage IV disease who received immunotherapy in the checkpoint inhibitor era were more likely to be younger, be healthier, have private insurance, come from upper income quartiles, and be treated at academic programs. A difference‐in‐difference analysis revealed similar rates of surgical resection of metastatic disease with the use of immunotherapy in the checkpoint inhibitor era and the pre–checkpoint inhibitor era, regardless of facility type.ConclusionsThe distribution of immunotherapy was unequal among patients with stage IV melanoma. Across all facilities, the rates of surgical resection of metastatic disease for stage IV melanoma did not differ with the use of immunotherapy between the checkpoint inhibitor era and the pre–checkpoint inhibitor era.