bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of obesity, impaired carbohydrate metabolism and bariatric surgery on adiponectin and leptin mRNA levels in different adipose tissue depots
Authors: Vasileva L. B. , Artemyeva M. S. , Ma Yi. , Kondratov K. A. , Anopova A. D. , Neymark A. E. , Babenko A. Yu. , Fedorov A. V. 
Published: February 2020

Objective. To determine the effect of morbid obesity, impaired carbohydrate metabolism and bariatric surgery on adiponectin and leptin mRNA levels in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue.Design and methods. The study included 30 obese female patients. Eleven patients had co-existent impaired carbohydrate metabolism. The control group consisted of 10 healthy non-obese women. In all obese patients, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue samples were taken during bariatric surgery. In obese patients 1 year after the intervention and in control individuals subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were collected. The circulating levels of adiponectin and leptin were determined by the enzyme immunoassay. The amount of adiponectin and leptin mRNA in adipose tissue were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results.During the first postoperative year, all patients showed a monotonous decrease in body mass index. After the surgery, the circulating levels of adiponectin and leptin returned to reference values (for healthy population). Compared with the control group, obese patients showed 1,4-times lower adiponectin mRNA level (p < 0,01) in subcutaneous adipose tissue, while leptin mRNA level did not change. In obese patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism, the adiponectin mRNA level was twice lower in visceral adipose tissue (p < 0,01), compared to patients without impaired carbohydrate metabolism. In obese patients with and without impaired carbohydrate metabolism, mRNA levels of adipokines were more than 2-times lower in visceral adipose tissue compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0,05). In subcutaneous adipose tissue, 1 year after bariatric intervention, adiponectin mRNA level decreases by 4,5 times (p < 0,01) in obese patients, and leptin mRNA level decreases by 3,1 times (p < 0,01) in patients with obesity and by 1,5 times (p < 0,05) in patients with obesity and impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Neither adiponectin nor leptin mRNA levels from adipose tissue of different localization showed statistically significant correlation. No correlation was found between the levels of circulating adipokines and their mRNA amount in adipose tissue.Conclusions.Our results indicate that adiponectin and leptin mRNA levels in adipose tissue cells depend on their localization in the body, as well as the presence of obesity and impaired carbohydrate metabolism. We also showed that adiponectin and leptin mRNA levels in adipose tissue change in response to bariatric surgery.
Analisis Unifikasi pada Gerak Dasar Running ABC Mahasiswa FIO 2018 Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Authors: Susiono Ricky , Hernawan  
Published: February 2020

Mahasiswa olahraga yang baru masuk universitas pada umumnya belum menguasai pengetahuan gerak dasar Running ABC. Begitu juga mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Olahraga (FIO) 2018 Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Ini bisa dilihat dari hasil tes fisik dan keterampilan mahasiswa baru FIO UNJ. Rata-rata mahasiswa baru gagal dalam tes kemampuan gerak dasar. Mereka banyak gagal dalam kemampuan dasar seperti kemampuan berlari, melompat, melempar. Mahasiswa saat sekolah hanya mendapatkan pelatihan konvensional mengenai gerak dasar Running ABC. Kegagalan dalam tes kemampuan dasar Running ABC ini seharusnya dapat dihindari jika mereka mendapatkan metode dan pelatihan yang tepat. Oleh karena itu analisis menggunakan metode Unifikasi mengenai kemampuan gerak dasar perlu dilakukan. Metode unifikasi adalah salah satu metode dan pelatihan memperkenalkan para mahasiswa baru memahami gerak dasar Running ABC yang baik, efisien, harmonis. Dengan analisis unifikasi dapat mendeskripsikan kesalahan-kesalahan gerak dasar yang sering dilakukan mahasiswa saat latihan.
Group Counseling of Trait and Factor Model Improves Career Decision Stability of Students of BPI IAIN Pekalongan
Authors: Ani Ani 
Published: February 2020

<span>This research aimed to find out whether group counseling of trait and factor model can improve career decision stability of students of BPI IAIN Pekalongan. The type of research is quantitative with a quasi experiment design. The researcher employed one group pretest – posttest design with no control group. Data collection used the questionnaire of career decision stability developed from the theory of career of Donald Super. The t-test results retrieved the data of t score of 2.550 and the significance of 0.00. Based on the data, then the hypothesis test criteria are met i.e. t score is greater than t table i.e. 2.550 &gt; 1.833 and the extent of significance or p&lt;0.05 i.e. 0.000 &lt; 0.05. The results indicate that group counseling of trait and factor model can improve students’ career decision stability.</span>
Sarcopenic obesity and associations with mortality in older women and men – a prospective observational study
Authors: von Berens Åsa , Obling Sine R , Nydahl Margaretha , Koochek Afsaneh , Lissner Lauren , Skoog Ingmar , Frändin Kerstin , Skoglund Elisabeth , Rothenberg Elisabet , Cederholm Tommy 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The combined effect of sarcopenia and obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity, has been associated with disability and worse outcomes in older adults, but results are conflicting. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in older adults, and to examine how the risk of mortality is associated with SO and its components.
Methods: Data were obtained from two Swedish population studies, the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies of 521 women and men at the age of 75, and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), which included 288 men aged 88 years. Sarcopenia was defined using the EWGSOP2 definition. Obesity was defined by any of three established definitions: body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2 , fat mass >30%/ >42% or waist circumference ≥88 cm/≥102 cm for women and men, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for 10-year and 4-year survival analyses in the H70 and ULSAM cohorts, respectively.
Results: SO was observed in 4% of the women and 11% of the men in the H70 cohort, and in 10% of the ULSAM male cohort. The 75-year-old women with SO had a higher risk (HR 3.25, 95% confidence interval (1.2-8.9)) of dying within ten years compared to those with a “normal” phenotype. A potential similar association with mortality among the 75-year-old men was not statistically significant. In the older men aged 88 years, obesity was associated with increased survival.
Conclusions: SO was observed in 4-11% of community-dwelling older adults. In 75-year-old women SO appeared to associate with an increased risk of dying within ten years. In 88-year-old men, the results indicated that obesity without sarcopenia was related to a survival benefit over a four-year period.
Late Diagnosis among patients with Prostate Cancer at the Uganda Cancer Institute: A retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Bunani Nelson , Kisakye Angela Nakanwagi , Ssennyonjo Aloysius , Nuwaha Fred 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Late diagnosis of prostate cancer is common in Uganda and elsewhere. Diagnosis in advanced stages is associated with high mortality, morbidity and low quality of life. We estimated time taken from perception of symptoms attributable to prostate cancer to biopsy among patients with prostate cancer at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) and the associated factors. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of records of 280 patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of prostate cancer at UCI from January 2016 to December 2017. Time to diagnosis was obtained from the difference between approximate date of onset of initial symptoms and date when a biopsy was taken. Late diagnosis was that when an individual was diagnosed with prostate cancer stage III or IV whereas stages I and II were classified as early. We used modified Poisson regression to assess factors associated with timing of diagnosis among the patients. Results The median time from first perceived symptoms to biopsy for prostate cancer patients was 12 (IQR 5-24) months and 76% were diagnosed after 4 months of symptoms. Median age at time of diagnosis of patients was 70 (IQR66-74.5) years and at least 50% were aged between 65-74 years. About 81.8% of patients were diagnosed late; of which 35.7% were in stage III and 46.1% were in stage IV. Nearly all patients presented with raised prostate specific antigen with a median prostate specific antigen of 100.2 (IQR 36.02-350) ng/ml of blood at the time of admission. In adjusted analysis, patients whose biopsies were taken before 5 months of recognising symptoms were two times as likely to have cancer stage I and II compared to those patients in whom the biopsies were taken after 4 months. Conclusion More than three in four patients were diagnosed late. Taking a biopsy after 4 months of initiation of symptoms was partially responsible for the delay. To improve time to diagnosis, communities should be educated about symptoms of prostate cancer and advised to seek health care early. Health care workers should be sensitised to suspect prostate cancer among patients to allow timely referral for specialised assessment and management.
Reducing sitting at work: process evaluation of the SMArT Work (Stand More AT Work) cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Biddle Stuart JH , O'Connell Sophie E , Davies Melanie , Dunstan David , Edwardson Charlotte , Esliger Dale W , Gray Laura J , Yates Thomas , Munir Fehmidah 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Office based workers accumulate high amounts of sitting time. SMArT (Stand More AT) Work aimed to reduce occupational sitting time and a cluster randomised controlled trial demonstrated it was successful in achieving this aim. The purpose of this paper is to present the process evaluation of the SMArT Work intervention.
Methods: Questionnaire data were collected from intervention participants at 6 (n=58) and 12 months (n=55). Questionnaires sought feedback on the different components of the intervention (education, height-adjustable desk, Darma cushion, behaviour feedback, progress chats (coaching) with research team, action planning/goal setting diary) and experiences of evaluation measures. Control participants (n=37) were asked via questionnaire about the impact of the study on their behaviour and any lifestyle changes made during the study. Participants from both arms were invited to focus groups to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences upon completion of 12 month follow up.
Results: Focus group and questionnaire data showed a positive attitude towards the height-adjustable workstation with a high proportion of participants using it every day (62%). Most participants (92%) felt the education seminar increased their awareness of the health consequences of too much sitting and motivated them to change their behaviour. Receiving feedback on their sitting time and support from the research team also encouraged behaviour change. The Darma cushion and action planning/goal setting diary were seen to be less helpful for behaviour change. Benefits experienced included fewer aches and pains, improved cognitive functioning, increased productivity, more energy, and positive feelings about general health.
Conclusions: Key elements of the programme identified as facilitating behaviour change were: the educational seminar, the height-adjustable workstation, behavioural feedback and regular contact with research staff through regular progress chats.
Antibiotic use among twelve Canadian First Nations communities: A retrospective chart review of skin and soft tissue infections
Authors: Jeong Dahn , Nguyen Ha Nhan Thi , Tyndall Mark , Schreiber Yoko S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

Previous publications indicated an emerging issue with community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), particularly skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), in Indigenous communities in Canada. The objectives of this analysis were to explore the prevalence of SSTIs due to CA-MRSA and patterns of antimicrobial use in the community setting.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was conducted as part of an environmental scan to assess antibiotic prescriptions in 12 First Nations communities across five provinces in Canada including Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, and Québec. Charts were randomly selected from nursing stations and patients who had accessed care in the previous 12 months and were ≥18 years were included in the review. Data was collected from September to December, 2013 on antibiotic prescriptions, including SSTIs, clinical symptoms, diagnostic information including presence of CA-MRSA infection, and treatment.

Results

A total of 372 charts were reviewed, 60 from Alberta, 70 from Saskatchewan, 120 from Manitoba, 100 from Ontario, and 22 from Québec. Among 372 patients, 224 (60.2%) patients had at least one antibiotic prescription in the previous 12 months and 569 prescriptions were written in total. The prevalence of SSTIs was estimated at 36.8% (137 cases of SSTIs in 372 charts reviewed). In 137 cases of SSTIs, 34 (24.8%) were purulent infections, and 55 (40.2%) were due to CA-MRSA.

Conclusions

This study has identified a high prevalence of antibiotic use and SSTIs due to CA-MRSA in remote and isolated Indigenous communities across Canada. This population is currently hard to reach and under-represented in standard surveillance system and randomized retrospective chart reviews can offer complimentary methodology for monitoring disease burden, treatment and prevention.
Evolutionary history of two cryptic species of Northern African jerboas
Authors: Moutinho Ana Filipa , Serén Nina , Paupério Joana , Silva Teresa Luísa , Martínez-Freiría Fernando , Sotelo Graciela , Faria Rui , Mappes Tapio , Alves Paulo Célio , Brito José Carlos , Boratyński Zbyszek 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Climatic variation and geologic change both play significant roles in shaping species distributions, thus affecting their evolutionary history. In Sahara-Sahel, climatic oscillations shifted the desert extent during the Pliocene-Pleistocene interval, triggering the diversification of several species. Here, we investigated how these biogeographical and ecological events have shaped patterns of genetic diversity and divergence in African Jerboas, desert specialist rodents. We focused on two sister and cryptic species, Jaculus jaculus and J. hirtipes , where we (1) evaluated their genetic differentiation, (2) reconstructed their evolutionary and demographic history; (3) tested the level of gene flow between them, and (4) assessed their ecological niche divergence.
Results
The analyses based on 231 individuals sampled throughout North Africa, 8 sequence fragments (one mitochondrial and seven single copy nuclear DNA, including two candidate genes for fur coloration: MC1R and Agouti ), 6 microsatellite markers and ecological modelling revealed: (1) two distinct genetic lineages with overlapping distributions, in agreement with their classification as different species, J. jaculus and J. hirtipes , with (2) low levels of gene flow and strong species divergence, (3) high haplotypic diversity without evident geographic structure within species, and (4) a low level of large-scale ecological divergence between the two taxa, suggesting species micro-habitat specialization.
Conclusions
Overall, our results suggest a speciation event that occurred during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition. The contemporary distribution of genetic variation suggests ongoing population expansions. Despite the largely overlapping distributions at a macrogeographic scale, our genetic results suggest that the two species remain reproductively isolated, as only negligible levels of gene flow were observed. The overlapping ecological preferences at a macro-geographic scale and the ecological divergence at the micro-habitat scale suggest that local adaptation may have played a crucial role in the speciation process of these species.
The effect of milrinone on mortality in adult patients who underwent CABG surgery: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials with a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Ren Yu-shan , Li Lan-fang , Peng Tao , Tan Yu-jun , Sun Ying , Cheng Guo-liang , Zhang Gui-min , Li Jie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: As an inodilator, milrinone is commonly used for patients who undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery because of its effectiveness in decreasing the cardiac index and mitral regurgitation. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic meta-analysis of existing studies from the past 20 years to evaluate the impact of milrinone on mortality in patients who undergo CABG surgery.Methods: We performed a systematic literature search on the application of milrinone in patients who underwent CABG surgery in studies published between 1997 and 2017 in BioMed Central, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register. The included studies evaluated milrinone groups compared to groups receiving either placebo or standard treatment and further compared the systemic administration.Results: The network meta-analysis included 723 patients from 16 randomized clinical trials. Overall, there was no significant difference in mortality between the milrinone group and the placebo/standard care group when patients underwent CABG surgery. In addition, 9 trials (with 440 randomized patients), 4 trials (with 212 randomized patients), and 10 trials (with 470 randomized patients) reported that the occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI), myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmia was lower in the milrinone group than in the placebo/standard care group. Between the milrinone treatment and placebo/standard care groups, the occurrence of myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmia was significantly different. However, the occurrence of stroke and renal failure, the duration of inotropic support (h), the need for an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), and mechanical ventilation (h) between these two groups showed no differences.Conclusions: Based on the current results, compared with placebo, milrinone might be unable to decrease mortality in adult CABG surgical patients but can significantly ameliorate the occurrence of MI, myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmia. These results provide evidence for the further clinical application of milrinone and of therapeutic strategies for CABG surgery. However, along with milrinone application in clinical use, sufficient data from randomized clinical trials need to be collected, and the potential benefits and adverse effects should be analyzed and reevaluated.
Psychometric Testing of the Support and Control in Birth Scale
Authors: Liu shuyu , Lu Yu-Ying , Gau Meei-ling , Liu Chieh-Yu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The Support and Control in Birth (SCIB) scale primarily measures the perceived support and control of expectant mothers during childbirth, thereby obtaining an understanding of their birth experiences. The advantages of this scale are its good reliability and validity and that it consolidates birth support and control. However, a Chinese version of the scale has yet to be developed. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the validity and reliability of a Chinese version of the Support and Control in Birth Scale (C-SCIB). Methods: A total of 228 postpartum women participated in this study. The C-SCIB scale was developed through a translation and back translation, followed by an evaluation of its content validity by a group of experts. Cronbach's α internal consistency and test-retest reliability were used to test the reliability of the scale. In addition, criterion-related validity (predictive validity and concurrent validity) and construct validity were used to test the validity of the scale.Results: The C-SCIB scale showed good results in terms of the item-level and scale-level content validity indices. The Cronbach's α internal consistency was 0.81, and its test-retest reliability was 0.96. The confirmatory factor analysis results showed the overall goodness-of-fit was parsimony fit indices. The predictive validity analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the C-SCIB scale and the Questionnaire Measuring Attitudes About Labor and Delivery (r =0.31, p<0.01). Furthermore, the concurrent validity analysis showed a significant and moderate correlation between the C-SCIB and the Bryanton Adaptation of the Nursing Support in Labor Questionnaire (r =0.49, p< 0.01) as well as the Labor Agentry Scale (r =0.51, p< 0.01).Conclusion: The C-SCIB scale was proven to have good reliability and validity, and thus can be used to measure the degree of support and the locus of control perceived by expectant women during labor.
Transcriptome analysis reveals differential immune related genes expression in Ruditapes philippinarum under hypoxia stress: Potential HIF and NF-κB crosstalk in immune responses in clam
Authors: Nie Hongtao , Wang Huamin , Jiang Kunyin , Yan Xiwu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Hypoxia is an important environmental stressor in aquatic ecosystems, with increasingly impacts on global biodiversity. Benthic communities are the most sensitive parts of the coastal ecosystem to eutrophication and resulting hypoxia. As a filter-feeding organism living in the seafloor sediment, Ruditapes philippinarum represents an excellent "sentinel" species to assess the quality of marine environment. In order to gain insight into the molecular response and acclimatization mechanisms to hypoxia stress in marine invertebrates, we examined hypoxia-induced changes in immune-related gene expression and gene pathways involved in hypoxia regulation of R. philippinarum.Results: We investigated the response of the Manila clam R. philippinarum to hypoxia under experimental conditions and focused on the analysis of the differential expression patterns of specific genes associated with hypoxia response by RNA-seq and time course qPCR analysis. A total of 75 genes were captured significantly differentially expressed, and were categorized into antioxidant/oxidative stress response, chaperones/heat shock proteins, immune alteration, and cell proliferation/apoptosis. Fourteen hypoxia responsive genes were validated significantly up/down regulated at different time 0, 2, 5, and 8 d in gills of R. philippinarum in hypoxia challenged group. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the HIF signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway play pivotal roles in hypoxia tolerance and resistance in R. philippinarum.Conclusion: The HIF signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway play a critical role in hypoxia tolerance and resistance in Manila clam. The immune and defense related genes and pathways obtained here gain a fundamental understanding of the hypoxia stress in marine bivalves and provide important insights into the physiological acclimation, immune response and defense activity under hypoxia challenge. The reduced metabolism is a consequence of counterbalancing investments in immune defense against other physiological processes.