bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of short‐term treatment of microcystin‐LR on the insulin pathway in both the HL7702 cell line and livers of mice
Authors: Huang Pu , Chen Kele , Ma Tianfeng , Cao Naifang , Weng Dengpo , Xu Chun , Xu Lihong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOur previous work indicated exposure of Human liver cell 7702 (HL7702) cells to Microcystin‐leucine‐arginine (MC‐LR) for 24 hours can disrupt insulin (INS) signaling by the hyperphosphorylation of specific proteins. For further exploring the time‐dependent effect posed by MC‐LR on this pathway, in the current study, HL7702 cells together with mice were exposed to the MC‐LR with different concentrations under short‐term treatment, and then, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity and expression of proteins related to INS signaling, as well as the characteristics of their action in the liver, were investigated. The results indicated, in HL7702 cells with 0.5, 1, and 6 hours of treatment by MC‐LR, PP2A activity showed an obvious decrease in a time and concentration‐dependent manner. While the total protein level of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK‐3), and glycogen synthase remained unchanged, GSK‐3 and Akt phosphorylation increased significantly. In livers of mice with 1 hour of intraperitoneal injection with MC‐LR, a similar change in these proteins was observed. In addition, the levels of total IRS1 and p‐IRS1 at serine sites showed decreasing and increasing trends,respectively, and the hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that liver tissues of mice in the maximum‐dose group exhibited obvious hepatocyte degeneration and hemorrhage. Our results further proved that short‐term treatment with MC‐LR can inhibit PP2A activity and disrupt INS signaling proteins' phosphorylation level, thereby interfering with the INS pathway. Our findings provide a helpful understanding of the toxic effects posed by MC‐LR on the glucose metabolism of liver via interference with the INS signaling pathway.
The local loop lemma
Authors: Olšák Miroslav 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe prove that an idempotent operation generates a loop from a strongly connected digraph containing directed closed walks of all lengths under very mild (local) algebraic assumptions. Using the result, we reprove the existence of weakest non-trivial idempotent equations, and that a finite strongly connected digraph of algebraic length 1 compatible with a Taylor operation has a loop.
An Acoustic Characterization of Prosodic Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder and First-Degree Relatives
Authors: Patel Shivani P. , Nayar Kritika , Martin Gary E. , Franich Kathryn , Crawford Stephanie , Diehl Joshua J. , Losh Molly 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study examined prosody through characterization of acoustic properties of the speech of individuals with ASD and their parents, during narration. A subset of utterances were low-pass filtered and rated for differences in intonation, speech rate, and rhythm. Listener ratings were minimally related to acoustic measures, underscoring the complexity of atypical prosody in ASD. Acoustic analyses revealed greater utterance-final fundamental frequency excursion size and slower speech rate in the ASD group. Slower speech rate was also evident in the ASD parent group, particularly parents with the broad autism phenotype. Overlapping prosodic differences in ASD and ASD Parent groups suggest that prosodic differences may constitute an important phenotype contributing to ASD features and index genetic liability to ASD among first-degree relatives.
The Molecular Genetics of Life Satisfaction: Extending Findings from a Recent Genome-Wide Association Study and Examining the Role of the Serotonin Transporter
Authors: Lachmann Bernd , Doebler Anna , Sindermann Cornelia , Sariyska Rayna , Cooper Andrew , Haas Heidrun , Montag Christian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS), three polymorphisms (rs3756290, RAPGEF6; rs2075677, CSE1L; rs4958581, NMUR2) were suggested as potentially being related to subjective-well-being and life satisfaction. Additionally, associations between the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (serotonin transporter) and subjective well-being have been reported in other previous studies. In the current study, we therefore sought to further investigate the findings of the GWAS and examine the association between 5-HTTLPR and subjective well-being. A total of 1174 participants (821 females) were recruited and asked to provide information on their demographics, life satisfaction, and positive affect. All participants provided a genetic sample. We found associations between one SNP derived from the GWAS (rs4958581, NMUR2) and life satisfaction. We also replicated findings involving 5-HTTLPR and life satisfaction, but only for the housing, leisure and family life satisfaction variables, and not for overall life satisfaction or positive affect. Our study underlines that research investigating complex traits in the field of behavioral genetics is challenging due to their (a) pleiotropic and (b) polygenic effects, resulting in tiny effect sizes of each marker investigated. The current study also highlights the importance of investigating genetic markers of distinct areas of life satisfaction.
NFKB2 gene expression in patients with peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancer
Authors: Marta Żebrowska-Nawrocka , Agnieszka Wosiak , Jacek Pietrzak , Jeleń Agnieszka , Adrian Krygier , Dagmara Szmajda-Krygier , Sałagacka-Kubiak Aleksandra , Balcerczak Ewa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGastric cancer is one of the most common worldwide types of cancer. It is a multifactorial disease and both environmental and genetic factors play an important role in its etiology. Evaluation of the relative expression level of NFKB2 gene in two groups of patients: peptic ulcer and gastric cancer and its role in the pathomechanism of these diseases was the aim of this study. RNA was isolated from: 79 samples of peptic ulcer, 22 gastric cancer and 11 control tissue. The real-time PCR technique was used to study the expression of NFKB2 gene. The relative expression level of NFKB2 gene was a variable in all three studied groups. The relative NFKB2 gene expression depends on the type of a disease. Peptic ulcer cases showed the increased relative NFKB2 gene expression to control group (p = 0.0000). Cancer cases presented decreased relative NFKB2 gene expression to normal stomach tissue (p = 0.0183). There are statistically important differences in the investigated gene expression between peptic ulcer, where the expression level is higher comparing to gastric cancer and control tissue which confirmed that such an activation is connected with an inflammatory process. The relative expression level of NFKB2 is decreased in cancer cases as opposed to control tissue and peptic ulcer cases which could suggest that during carcinogenesis of gastric cancer inhibition of NF-kB pathway takes place which could be a promising factor for patients.
Eight Priorities for Improving Primary Care Access Management in Healthcare Organizations: Results of a Modified Delphi Stakeholder Panel
Authors: Rubenstein Lisa , Hempel Susanne , Danz Margie , Rose Danielle , Stockdale Susan , Curtis Idamay , Kirsh Susan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective
To identify priorities for improving healthcare organization management of patient access to primary care based on prior evidence and a stakeholder panel.

Background
Studies on healthcare access show its importance for ensuring population health. Few studies show how healthcare organizations can improve access.

Methods
We conducted a modified Delphi stakeholder panel anchored by a systematic review. Panelists (N = 20) represented diverse stakeholder groups including patients, providers, policy makers, purchasers, and payers of healthcare services, predominantly from the Veterans Health Administration. A pre-panel survey addressed over 80 aspects of healthcare organization management of access, including defining access management. Panelists discussed survey-based ratings during a 2-day in-person meeting and re-voted afterward. A second panel process focused on each final priority and developed recommendations and suggestions for implementation.

Results
The panel achieved consensus on definitions of optimal access and access management on eight urgent and important priorities for guiding access management improvement, and on 1–3 recommendations per priority. Each recommendation is supported by referenced, panel-approved suggestions for implementation. Priorities address two organizational structure targets (interdisciplinary primary care site leadership; clearly identified group practice management structure); four process improvements (patient telephone access management; contingency staffing; nurse management of demand through care coordination; proactive demand management by optimizing provider visit schedules), and two outcomes (quality of patients’ experiences of access; provider and staff morale). Recommendations and suggestions for implementation, including literature references, are summarized in a panelist-approved, ready-to-use tool.

Conclusions
A stakeholder panel informed by a pre-panel systematic review identified eight action-oriented priorities for improving access and recommendations for implementing each priority. The resulting tool is suitable for guiding the VA and other integrated healthcare delivery organizations in assessing and initiating improvements in access management, and for supporting continued research.
Prediction of CBR Value of Fine Grained Soils of Bengal Basin by Genetic Expression Programming, Artificial Neural Network and Krigging Method
Authors: Alam Sk Kamrul , Mondal Abhijit , Shiuly Amit 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
For designing of pavements, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value is an important parameter which is used to determine the strength of the subgrade soils. However, it is to be mentioned that, CBR test is tedious and laborious. Thus, in the present paper an attempt has been made to develop relationships between CBR and various soil index properties such as specific gravity (G), coefficient of uniformity (Cu), coefficient of curvature (Cc), liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index (PI), optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) for alluvial soil in West Bengal, India. Empirical relationships have been proposed for both soaked and un-soaked CBR values as a function of these soil index properties by Genetic Expression Programing (GEP). Further, the same index properties have been used to predict CBR values by artificial neural network (ANN) and krigging method. The results clearly reveals that the GEP and ANN and krigging methods can be successfully used for predicting both the soaked and un-soaked CBR values by using the index properties of soil. Moreover, the developed relationships have been compared with the past available relationships. Furthermore, a multi objective optimization has been carried out for getting maximum CBR values.
Integrated Geological and Geophysical Approach to Reservoir Modeling: Case Study of Jambi Sub-basin, Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Haris Abdul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Integrated geological and geophysical investigations were successfully performed for reservoir modeling in an oil field in the Jambi Province sub-basin, Sumatra, Indonesia. The objective of this study is to characterize the oil reservoir in terms of its petrophysical properties using a facies model that is based on an integrated geological and geophysical approach. The reservoir target of this study is located in the Air Benakat Formation, which is identified with a thickness of 3 to 20 m and is deposited in a depth range of 1300–1500 m. The reservoir modeling of Air Benakat Formation is carried out to open a new discovery for this field, since the comprehensive reservoir modeling has not been intensively performed. Structurally, the reservoir is segmented into three compartments by four main faults, and stratigraphic investigations revealed three prospect layers. In the present framework of the depositional environment, assessments of well log data included formation evaluations, well log data correlations and sequence stratigraphy, were performed to produce high-resolution features of vertical and lateral distributions. In addition, seismic data were interpreted to guide the structural model, and to effectively construct a three-dimensional (3D) geological framework of reservoir properties. The modeled reservoir shows that the reservoir is primarily considered a transition zone to a shallow marine deposit, which is specifically located in a submarine fan channel with a plain/moderately steep angle of its sedimentation base. Depositional environments are generally characterized by the potential paleocurrent direction within the channel axis from NE to SW, with respective agreement from larger scale porosity and net/gross models.
Uncertainties in GPS-based operational orbit determination: A case study of the Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellites
Authors: Kuchynka P. , Martin Serrano M.A. , Merz K. , Siminski J. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe European Space Operations Centre currently operates five Copernicus Sentinel satellites in the framework of Europe’s Copernicus Earth observation programme. The routine operations rely on a daily orbit determination, carried out on-ground, consisting in a least-squares fit of a dynamical model to GPS navigation solutions generated on-board. The purpose of this paper is the estimation of realistic uncertainties on this daily determined state vector. By comparison with the orbit derived by Precise Orbit Determination, we estimate the 1-sigma errors at approximately 0.5m and 0.5mm/s. Non-stationary errors in the navigation solution preclude their characterisation with a constant covariance matrix. Error whitening is achieved by decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio in the errors through the use of underestimated weights on the data. The approach keeps the errors on the derived state vector unchanged and allows the covariance on the state vector to become realistic.
Radiocarbon simulation fails to support the temporal synchroneity requirement of the Younger Dryas impact hypothesis
Authors: Jorgeson Ian A. , Breslawski Ryan P. , Fisher Abigail E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFine-scale temporal processes, such as the synchronous deposition of organic materials, can be challenging to identify using14C datasets. While some events, such as volcanic eruptions, leave clear evidence for synchronous deposition, synchroneity is more difficult to establish for other types of events. This has been a source of controversy regarding14C dates associated with a hypothesized extraterrestrial impact at the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB). To address this controversy, we first aggregate14C measurements from Northern Hemisphere YDB sites. We also aggregate14C measurements associated with a known synchronous event, the Laacher See volcanic eruption. We then use a Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the magnitude of variability expected in a14C dataset associated with a synchronous event. The simulation accounts for measurement error, calibration uncertainty, “old wood” effects, and laboratory measurement biases. The Laacher See14C dataset is consistent with expectations of synchroneity generated by the simulation. However, the YDB14C dataset is inconsistent with the simulated expectations for synchroneity. These results suggest that a central requirement of the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis, synchronous global deposition of a YDB layer, is extremely unlikely, calling into question the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis more generally.
Estimating the fiscal impact of three vaccination strategies in Italy
Authors: Ruggeri Matteo , Di Brino Eugenio , Cicchetti Americo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesWhen assessing the economic value of vaccines, decision makers should adopt a full societal perspective. One approach for estimation of the fiscal impact of a disease is to use the human capital method to determine productivity losses. The aim of this study was to test an analytical framework developed for the estimation of the fiscal impacts of vaccination programs for influenza (FLU), pneumococcus (PC), and herpes zoster (HZ), in Italy.MethodsWe tested the framework in a two-stage analysis. First, we estimated the fiscal impact of the disease, second we performed a cost–benefit analysis of the individual benefits of vaccination against the cost of the vaccine. To estimate the fiscal impact of the diseases, the human capital approach was used. Epidemiological data were extrapolated from the literature. A Monte Carlo simulation enabled exploration of the uncertainty in the model variables.ResultsFor FLU, assuming 2.1 million people infected, the total expected impact was EUR 999,371,520; the estimated fiscal impact was EUR 159,563,520. For PC, assuming 90,000 people infected, the total impact was EUR 148,055,040 and the estimated fiscal impact was EUR 23,639,040. For HZ, assuming 6,400 people infected, the total impact was EUR 4,777,200, with EUR 630,000 resulting from a decrease in fiscal taxation.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our work shows how traditional methods aimed at estimating the cost of illness from a social perspective can be improved by additionally considering the fiscal impact, which accounts for the decrease in fiscal revenues due to illness.
Zoonotic pathogens in urban animals: Enough research to protect the health of the urban population?
Authors: Lindahl Johanna , Magnusson Ulf 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWith more than half of the global population living in cities, the urban areas are also teeming with animals, including peridomestic wildlife, pets, and livestock. Urban animals may carry zoonotic pathogens, and crowded conditions in cities can increase the risk for the human population. We used a systematic approach to screen two publication databases as well as gray literature, and quantified the studies conducted on zoonoses in urban animals with respect to the geographic distribution, the host animal and pathogens. Out of 876 references found, 93 were included into final data extraction. Few studies were from the rapidly expanding cities in low- and middle-income countries where urban livestock-keeping is far more prominent than in high-income countries. Most studies were performed in peridomestic wildlife and pets, less in livestock. The most common category of pathogens studied were gastrointestinal parasites followed by gastrointestinal bacteria, whereas studies on some other zoonoses internationally recognized as critical for public health were few or absent. In conclusion, to mitigate the risks of emergence of zoonoses from urban animals this review highlights the research gaps on zoonoses, particularly in livestock in rapidly growing tropical cities and a more comprehensive inclusion of pathogens prioritized by WHO and OIE.
Why don’t some cuisines travel? Charting palm oil’s journey from West African staple to Malayan chemical
Authors: Pakiam Geoffrey Kevin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study uses food as a lens to examine three historical phenomena: globalization’s limits, the rise of plantation-centric monocultures, and the resilience of social norms within migrant societies. The article scrutinizes the West African oil palm’s initial journey to, and reception within, the Malay Peninsula, one of the world’s largest exporters of palm oil by the end of the twentieth century. The article pays special attention to changes in the crop’s perceived food value during the interwar years, a facet overlooked by earlier scholarship. Five different migrant groups in Malaya – planter households, Asian cooks, colonial officials, government chemists, and estate labourers – played critical roles in transforming palm oil into a crop purely for industrial purposes, rather than subsistence. The peculiarities of Malaya’s social context are further sharpened by comparisons with Latin America and West Africa, where different clusters of migrants propagated the oil palm’s subsistence cultures, instead of shunning them.
Transnationalism and insurrection: independence committees, anti-colonial networks, and Germany’s global war
Authors: Jenkins Jennifer , Liebau Heike , Schmid Larissa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the Indian, Persian, and Algerian–Tunisian independence committees and their place in Germany’s ‘programme for revolution’, Berlin’s attempt to instigate insurrection across the British, French, and Russian empires during the First World War. The agency of Asian and North African activists in this programme remains largely unknown, and their wartime collaboration in Germany is an under-researched topic in the histories of anti-colonial activism. This article explores the collaboration between the three committees, highlighting their strategic relationships with German officials and with each other. Criticizing the Eurocentric framings still present in studies of wartime strategy, it contributes to a growing historiography on the war as a global conflict. It argues that the independence committees were central actors in Germany’s programme, that the transnationalism of the pre-1914 anti-colonial movements both imprinted Germany’s programme and was furthered by it, and that only a comparative perspective exploring the interactions of its anti-colonial activists fully grasps the global scope of this topic.
Decolonization, the Cold War, and Africans’ routes to higher education overseas, 1957–65
Authors: Burton Eric 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFrom the late 1950s, Africans seeking higher education went to a rapidly increasing number of destinations, both within Africa and overseas. Based on multi-sited archival research and memoirs, this article shows how Africans forged and used new routes to gain access to higher education denied to them in their territories of origin, and in this way also shaped scholarship policies across the globe. Focusing on British-ruled territories in East Africa, the article establishes the importance of African intermediaries and independent countries as hubs of mobility. The agency of students and intermediaries, as well as official responses, are examined in three interconnected cases: the clandestine ‘Nile route’ from East Africa to Egypt and eastern Europe; the ‘airlifts’ from East Africa to North America; and the ‘exodus’ of African students from the Eastern bloc to western Europe. Although all of these routes were short-lived, they transformed official scholarship provisions, and significantly shaped the postcolonial period in the countries of origin.
Assessing Multidomain Overlaps and Grand Ensemble Generation in CORDEX Regional Projections
Authors: Legasa M. N. , Manzanas R. , Fernández J. , Herrera S. , Iturbide M. , Moufouma‐Okia W. , Zhai P. , Driouech F. , Gutiérrez J. M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) initiative has made available an enormous amount of regional climate projections in different domains worldwide. This information is crucial for the development of adaptation strategies and policy‐making. A relevant open issue in this context is assessing the potential multidomain conflicts that may result in overlapping regions and developing appropriate ensemble methods trying to make the most of all available information. This work addresses this timely topic by focusing on precipitation over the Mediterranean region, a first illustrative case study that is encompassed by both the Euro‐ and Africa‐CORDEX domains. We focus on several mean, extreme, and temporal indices and use variance decomposition to assess the separate contribution of the domain and models to the climate change signal, concluding that the contribution of the domain alone is nearly negligible (below
in all cases). Nevertheless, for some cases, the combined model/domain effect triggers up to
of the total variance.