bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors impacting revision surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis
Authors: Loftus Catherine A. , Soler Zachary M. , Desiato Vincent M. , Koochakzadeh Sina , Yoo Frederick , Storck Kristina A. , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundSurgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) has evolved over the last decade as rhinologists have increasingly used topical steroid therapies and altered surgical techniques. It is important to understand the changes in success rates of surgery and frequency of revision endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in CRSwNP. The aim of this study was to retrospectively review the revision surgical rate of CRSwNP patients by evaluating outcomes in a cohort from the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC).MethodsRetrospective review of CRSwNP patients operated upon at the MUSC between 2002 and 2019 by a single surgeon was performed. Assessed factors included demographics, comorbidities, CRSwNP subtype, extent of surgery, and steroid rinse compliance. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with revision surgery.ResultsAmong 338 patients with at least 6 months of follow‐up, 24.9% had revision surgery, with a mean follow‐up of 52.6 months. In patients with any person‐time measure, the revision rate was 5.58 per 100 person‐years. Independent risk factors associated with increased odds ratio (OR) for revision surgery were: younger age (OR, 1.1); prior surgery (OR, 3.3); longer follow‐up (OR, 1.1); and surgery before 2009 (OR, 2.4) (p < 0.05 for all).ConclusionThe revision surgery rate for CRSwNP was 24.9% among those with at least 6 months of follow‐up. Risk factors for higher revision rates included younger age, previous surgery, longer follow‐up, and surgery at the MUSC prior to 2009. As we enter an era of personalized medicine, it is important to consider patient‐ and surgeon‐specific factors, which impact revision surgery rates.
Proton Insertion Chemistry of a Zinc–Organic Battery
Authors: Tie Zhiwei , Liu Luojia , Deng Shenzhen , Zhao Dongbing , Niu Zhiqiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProton storage in rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) is attracting extensive attention owing to the fast kinetics of H+ insertion/extraction. However, it has not been achieved in organic materials‐based ZIBs with a mild electrolyte. Now, aqueous ZIBs based on diquinoxalino [2,3‐a:2′,3′‐c] phenazine (HATN) in a mild electrolyte are developed. Electrochemical and structural analysis confirm for the first time that such Zn–HATN batteries experience a H+ uptake/removal behavior with highly reversible structural evolution of HATN. The H+ uptake/removal endows the Zn–HATN batteries with enhanced electrochemical performance. Proton insertion chemistry will broaden the horizons of aqueous Zn–organic batteries and open up new opportunities to construct high‐performance ZIBs.
Optical Waveguiding Organic Single Crystals Exhibiting Physical and Chemical Bending Features
Authors: Lu Zhuoqun , Zhang Yuping , Liu Hao , Ye Kaiqi , Liu Wentao , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBendable (elastic and plastic) organic single crystals have been widely studied as emerging flexible materials with highly ordered packing structures. However, even though manifold bendable organic crystals have been recently reported, most of them bend in response to only one stimulus. Herein, we report an organic single crystal of (Z)‐4‐(1‐cyano‐2‐(4‐(dimethylamino)phenyl)vinyl)benzonitrile, which bends under external stress (physical process) and also hydrochloric acid atmosphere (chemical process). This observation indicates that a single organic crystal, whose structure has been optimized simultaneously at both the molecular and supramolecular levels, may display multiple crystal‐bending modes. Furthermore, the crystals exhibit bright orange‐yellow emission and can serve as an active low‐loss optical waveguide in both the straight and the bent state, which indicates a potential optical application.
Fatty Acid Profile and Bioactive Compound Extraction in Purple Viper's Bugloss Seed Oil Extracted with Green Solvents
Authors: Rincón‐Cervera Miguel Ángel , Galleguillos‐Fernández Raúl , González‐Barriga Valeria , Valenzuela Rodrigo , Speisky Hernán , Fuentes Jocelyn , Valenzuela Alfonso 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOil extraction from seeds of purple viper's bugloss (Echium plantagineum) was carried out using different solvents (chloroform:methanol, n‐hexane, ethanol, 2‐propanol and ethyl acetate) at room temperature and also using Randall extraction. Extraction yields were calculated and oils were analyzed in terms of fatty acid profiles and distribution among lipid classes, total polyphenol content, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and phytosterol content. No considerable differences were found on fatty acid profiles and distribution in oils regardless of the solvent and temperature used for the extraction. However, ethanol combined with Randall extraction (85 °C for 1 hour) offered the best results in terms of total polyphenol content (20.9 mg GAE/100 g oil), ORAC (468.0 μmol TE/100 g oil), and phytosterol amount (437.2 mg identified phytosterols/100 g oil) among all assayed extraction methods. A higher extraction temperature led to significantly higher concentrations of bioactive compounds and ORAC values in the oil when ethanol or 2‐propanol were used as extracting solvent, but that was not the case using n‐hexane except for the concentrations of β‐sitosterol and stigmasterol, which were significantly higher using Randall extraction than room temperature extraction with n‐hexane. Ethanol is classified as a “green solvent,” and it could be considered a suitable option to produce oil from E. plantagineum seeds with a higher antioxidant capacity and bioactive compound concentration than the current commercial oil, which is usually extracted with n‐hexane.
Meteorological and flight altitude effects on deposition, penetration, and drift in pineapple aerial spraying
Authors: Wang Juan , Lan Yubin , Wen Sheng , Hewitt Andrew John , Yao Weixiang , Chen Pengchao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIt is difficult for the handheld/backpack or ground machinery to spray pineapple plant fields because the plant profile is relatively inaccessible. In this situation, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are a good choice for easy access and no physical damage to the crops. Aerial spray quality and optimum application parameter settings can be influenced by many factors such as UAV type, UAV operating parameters, meteorological conditions, crop growth period, and pest species. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different meteorological conditions and UAV operating height on the spray application in pineapple fields. There were five treatments involving three UAV operating heights. Mylar cards, water‐sensitive papers, and airborne concentrations of spray were sampled at various locations from −10 to 50 m downwind of the edge of the sprayed blocks. The results indicated that as the wind speed increased, the swath location was displaced 2 to 4 m, the percent area coverage uniformity changed along with the spray penetration capacity, and the 90% of total measured drift distance varied from 3.7 to 46.5 m. The test results again proved that droplet size and wind speed were significant factors in spray transport and impacted the UAV spray quality.
Low‐temperature assembling of naturally driven copper ferrite starch nanocomposites hydrogel with magnetic and antibacterial activities
Authors: Nematollahi Mohammad Reza , Montazer Majid 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTMost hydrogels are prepared with using synthetic polymers that are nonecofriendly materials. Also, hydrogel nanocomposites are mostly prepared in the multi‐step processing through costly techniques. Here, starch as a natural, biodegradable, hydrophilic, and inexpensive material was used for fabrication of a copper ferrite starch nanocomposites hydrogel. This was synthesized using alkali starch solution along with copper and iron salts through coprecipitation method at low‐temperature led to the one‐step gelatinization and retrogradation. The various characteristics of the nanocomposites hydrogel were examined including morphology and chemical structure besides magnetic, antimicrobial, and swelling behaviors. Further, the remaining ashes were considered as a simple method to estimate organic matter and inorganic nanoparticles content of hydrogel nanocomposite. The results indicated successful fabrication of a green hydrogel with magnetic and antibacterial features through a very simple method. The obtained ecofriendly hydrogel can be used in various applications such as controlled drug delivery, cancer hyperthermia, waste‐water treatment, and many others. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48961.
Transplantation and Tracking of the Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Labeled with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide in Deaf Pigs
Authors: Xu Liangwei , Yuan Shuolong , Chen Wei , Ma Yueying , Luo Yi , Guo Weiwei , Yang Shiming 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to establish a safe and effective approach to label the human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC‐MSCs) derived from the Wharton's Jelly with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles as a cell tracer. The cytotoxicity of the SPIO was screened in vitro by cytochemical experiments. The results showed the new infection protocol of SPIO‐Lip2000 mixture had high efficiency and the optimal labeling concentration was a 50 μg/ml SPIO suspension. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed the distribution of the intracellular SPIO. We transplanted the labeled UC‐MSCs into the sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) minipigs at 1 week after noise exposure. Auditory brainstem response results demonstrated the transplantation of UC‐MSCs was an efficient therapy for SNHL. The positive sediments in cochlear blood vessels, the bony wall of scala tympani, and spiral ganglion nerve fibers were found in the stem cell recipients' cochlea. We did not detect iron elements in the inner/outer hair cells' stereocilia, cuticular plate, or pillar cells from the basal to apex turns of the stem cell recipients' cochlea. In addition, TEM found SPIO in the medulla oblongata and the cerebrum in the SNHL minipigs after stem cell transplantation. In conclusion, we established a safe and effective approach to labeled human UC‐MSCs derived from Wharton's Jelly by using SPIO nanoparticles as a cell tracer in vitro and in vivo. This protocol showed a wide promising application in stem cell therapy and tracing in vivo for experiments with large mammals. Anat Rec, 303:494–505, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Serum soluble lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 as a biomarker of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Lin Qun , Ba Hua‐Jun , Dai Jun‐Xia , Sun Jun , Lu Chuan , Chen Mao‐Hua , Chen Xian‐Dong , Cai Jian‐Yong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveDelayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) greatly contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients. Expression of lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1 (LOX‐1) was substantially raised in the basilar arterial wall of SAH rabbits. We attempted to ascertain the relationship between serum soluble LOX‐1 (sLOX‐1) levels and the occurrence of DCI after aSAH.Materials and methodsWe enrolled 125 aSAH patients and 125 healthy controls. Serum sLOX‐1 levels were quantified using commercial enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit. The relationship between sLOX‐1 levels and DCI was analyzed utilizing the multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsSerum sLOX‐1 levels were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (median: 1,450.2 vs. 445.7 pg/ml, p < .001). Serum sLOX‐1 levels were highly correlated with World Federation of Neurological Surgeons (WFNS) scores, Hunt‐Hess scores, and modified Fisher scores (r = .574, .625, and .569, respectively). Forty‐two patients (33.6%) experienced DCI. Serum sLOX‐1 > 1,450.2 pg/ml, WFNS scores and modified Fisher scores were the independent predictors of DCI. Under receiver operating characteristic curve, serum sLOX‐1 levels exhibited a significant discriminatory capability (area under curve 0.825, 95% confidence interval 0.747–0.887). The predictive power of serum sLOX‐1 levels was similar to those of WFNS scores and modified Fisher grade (both p > .05). Moreover, serum sLOX‐1 levels significantly improved their predictive capability (both p < .05).ConclusionsSerum soluble LOX‐1, in positive association with hemorrhagic severity, appears to have the potential to become a promising predictor of DCI after aSAH.
Involvement of dopamine D3 receptor and dopamine transporter in methamphetamine‐induced behavioral sensitization in tree shrews
Authors: Huang Jian , Yang Genmeng , Li Zhen , Leung Chi‐Kwan , Wang Wenguang , Li Yuanyuan , Liu Liu , Shen Baoyu , He Cuihua , He Yongwang , Zeng Xiaofeng , Li Juan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to establish a methamphetamine (METH)‐induced behavioral sensitization model using tree shrews, as well as to measure the protein expression of the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) and dopamine transporter (DAT).MethodsForty tree shrews were equally and randomly divided into four experimental groups: those administered with 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg METH and a control group (treated with an equal amount of normal saline). Each experimental group was repeatedly exposed to METH for nine consecutive days to induce the development of behavioral sensitization, followed by four days of withdrawal (without the METH treatment) to induce the transfer of behavioral sensitization, then given 0.5 mg/kg of METH to undergo the expression of behavioral sensitization. Altered locomotor and stereotypic behaviors were measured daily via open‐field experiments during the development and expression stages, and weight changes were also recorded. Then, the Western blot method was used to detect the expression levels of D3R and DAT in three brain regions: the nucleus accumbens, prefrontal cortex, and dorsal striatum 24 hr after the last behavioral test.ResultsMETH administration augmented motor‐stimulant responses and stereotypic behaviors in all experimental groups, and stereotypic behaviors intensified more in the groups treated with 2 and 4 mg/kg METH. Motion distance, speed, and trajectory were significantly elevated in all experimental, however, METH at 4 mg/kg induced more stereotypic behaviors, decreasing these locomotor activities as compared with the 2 mg/kg METH group. 2 and 4 mg/kg METH significantly upregulated and downregulated D3R and DAT expression levels, respectively, in three brain regions, and these changes are more pronounced in 2 mg/kg METH.ConclusionsThese results indicated that this animal model may be used to study the neurobiological mechanisms that underly the development and expression of behavioral sensitization to METH. Deregulated D3R and DAT expression may be involved in the METH‐induced behavioral sensitization.
Superhydrophobic nanocarbon‐based membrane with antibacterial characteristics
Authors: Aljumaily Mustafa M. , Alsaadi Mohammed A. , Binti Hashim Nur Awanis , Mjalli Farouq S. , Alsalhy Qusay F. , Khan Abdul L. , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTo overcome the biofouling challenge which faces membrane water treatment processed, the novel superhydrophobic carbon nanomaterials impregnated on/powder activated carbon (CNMs/PAC) was utilized to successfully design prepare an antimicrobial membrane. The research was conducted following a systematic statistical design of experiments technique considering various parameters of composite membrane fabrication. The impact of these parameters of composite membrane on Staphylococcus aureus growth was investigated. The bacteria growth was analyzed through spectrophotometer and SEM. The effect of CNMs' hydrophobicity on the bacterial colonies revealed a decrease in the abundance of bacterial colonies and an alteration in structure with increasing the hydrophobicity. The results revealed that the optimum preparative conditions for carbon loading CNMs/PAC was 363.04 mg with a polymer concentration of 22.64 g/100 g, and a casting knife thickness of 133.91 μm. These conditions have resulted in decreasing the number of bacteria colonies to about 7.56 CFU. Our results provided a strong evidence on the antibacterial effect and consequently on the antibiofouling potential of CNMs/PAC in membrane.
Integrating Network Pharmacology and Component Analysis Study on Anti‐Atherosclerotic Mechanisms of Total Flavonoids of Engelhardia roxburghiana Leaves in Mice
Authors: Wei Jie , Zhang Ying , Li Dongmei , Xie Tanggui , Li Yanjing , Li Jia , Chen Xiaojun , Wei Guining 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEngelhardia roxburghiana Wall. leaves are widely used to develop herbal teas in southeast of China due to medicinal use for diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia. Studies have demonstrated that the total flavonoids of E. roxburghiana leaves (TFER) exhibited regulatory effects on blood glucose and lipids. To clarify the active ingredients of TFER and their targets in treating atherosclerosis, the present study integrated chemical analysis, network pharmacology analysis and animal experimental studies. Firstly, high performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) was utilized to identify components of TFER. Then, active ingredients were screened by oral bioavailability (OB) and drug‐likeness (DL) index. Thirdly, network was constructed to predict major targets of active ingredients against atherosclerosis. Finally, to verify parts of predicted signaling, Apoe−/− mice were used to develop atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic plaques in aorta were evaluated by echocardiography. Then, serum lipids, target genes expressions in thoracic aorta were determined by qRT‐PCR and ELISA methods. Chemical analysis revealed 10 components in TFER sample, 7 of which acted as active ingredients, including naringenin, kaempferol, quercetin, isoengeletin, engeletin, astilbin and quercitrin. KEGG pathway analysis highly enriched in some inflammatory signalings, including NF‐κB signaling, Toll‐like receptor signaling and TNF signaling. The animal studies indicated that TFER reduced atherosclerotic plaques size in aorta and significantly decreased the serum lipids, down‐regulated NF‐κB signaling by decreasing mRNA level of NF‐κB p65 subunit, TNF‐α and VCAM‐1, as well as IL‐1β expressions in thoracic aorta, eventually alleviating atherosclerosis progression, which was in consistent with our prediction.
AMPK activation suppresses mTOR/S6K1 phosphorylation and induces leucine resistance in rats with sepsis
Authors: Shi Mengyao , Hu Zunqi , Zhang Xin , You Qing , Wang Weimin , Yan Ronglin , Zhu Zhenxin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlthough it has been known that protein synthesis is suppressed in sepsis, which cannot be corrected by leucine supplement (also known as leucine resistance), the molecular signaling mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the AMP‐activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) pathway in sepsis‐induced leucine resistance and its upstream signals, and to seek a way to correct leucine resistance in sepsis. Sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in rat. Both septic rats and sham operation rat received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with or without leucine for 24 h, and then protein synthesis and AMPK/mTOR and protein kinase B (PKB) were tested. In vitro C2C12 cells were treated with or without leucine, and we tested the AMPK/mTOR pathway and protein synthesis. We blocked AMPK by compound C and stimulated it by 5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) individually. The results showed that AMPK was highly phosphorylated and suppressed mTOR/S6K1 activation in CLP rats. In vitro when AMPK was activated by AICAR, protein synthesis was suppressed and leucine resistance was observed. High phosphorylation of AMPK was accompanied by PKB inactivation in CLP rats. When PKB was blocked, both AMPK activation and leucine resistance were observed. In CLP rats, nutrition support with intensive insulin therapy reversed leucine resistance by activating PKB and suppressing AMPK phosphorylation. These findings suggest that high phosphorylation of AMPK induced by PKB inactivation in sepsis suppresses mTOR, S6K1 phosphorylation, and protein synthesis and leads to leucine resistance. Intensive insulin treatment can reverse leucine resistance by suppressing AMPK activation through activation of PKB.
Reshaping bicuspid aortic valve stenosis with an hourglass‐shaped balloon for transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A pilot study
Authors: Zhao Zhen‐Gang , Feng Yuan , Liao Yan‐Biao , Li Yi‐Jian , Xiong Tian‐Yuan , Ou Yuan‐Weixiang , Wang Zi‐Jie , Wei Jia‐Fu , Peng Yong , Wei Xin , Xu Yuan‐Ning , Pedersen Wesley R. , Chen Mao , Leon Martin B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe evaluated the safety and usefulness of preparatory anatomical reshaping with a geometric hourglass‐shaped balloon to optimize transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) outcomes in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) stenosis.BackgroundTAVR has been increasingly performed for BAV stenosis; however, technical challenges remain. Procedural results are suboptimal given unfavorable valvular anatomies.MethodsEligible patients with BAV stenosis were enrolled to undergo aortic valve predilatation with the hourglass‐shaped TAV8 balloon before TAVR using the self‐expandable Venus A‐Valve. Procedural details and outcomes were compared to a sequential group of patients with BAV who underwent TAVR with the same device following preparatory dilatation using a cylindrical balloon.ResultsA total of 22 patients were enrolled in the TAV8 group and 53 were included in the control group. Valve downsizing was less common in the TAV8 group (36.4 vs. 67.9%; p = .012). Stable valve release and optimal implant depth were consistently achieved in the TAV8 group with no requirement for a second valve (0 vs. 17.0%; p = .039) and with higher device success rates (100.0 vs 77.4%; p = .014). Residual aortic regurgitation graded as ≥mild was less common in the TAV8 group (13.6 vs 45.3%; p = .009). Mortality was similar (0 vs. 3.8%; p = 1); no major/disabling stroke or conversion to open‐heart surgery was seen in either group within 30 days.ConclusionsCompared with standard cylindrical balloon valvuloplasty, preparatory reshaping with the hourglass‐shaped balloon before self‐expandable TAVR in BAV was associated with significantly better procedural results and may encourage more promising outcomes.
Early calcific degeneration of the St. Jude Medical Epic aortic bioprosthesis
Authors: Izzat Mohammad Bashar , Sabbagh Nada , Aljasem Hazem 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis report highlights the need for close surveillance of bioprosthetic valves. Unaccountable degeneration of bioprosthetic valves can develop early after implantation and usually requires replacing the failed valve with a mechanical prosthesis.