bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-genome sequencing of Chinese centenarians reveals important genetic variants in aging WGS of centenarian for genetic analysis of aging
Authors: Shen Shuhua , Li Chao , Xiao Luwei , Wang Xiaoming , Lv Hang , Shi Yuan , Li Yixue , Huang Qi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Genetic research on longevity has provided important insights into the mechanism of aging and aging-related diseases. Pinpointing import genetic variants associated with aging could provide insights for aging research.

Methods
We performed a whole-genome sequencing in 19 centenarians to establish the genetic basis of human longevity.

Results
Using SKAT analysis, we found 41 significantly correlated genes in centenarians as compared to control genomes. Pathway enrichment analysis of these genes showed that immune-related pathways were enriched, suggesting that immune pathways might be critically involved in aging. HLA typing was next performed based on the whole-genome sequencing data obtained. We discovered that several HLA subtypes were significantly overrepresented.

Conclusions
Our study indicated a new mechanism of longevity, suggesting potential genetic variants for further study.
The precision and agreement of corneal thickness and keratometry measurements with SS-OCT versus Scheimpflug imaging
Authors: Zhao Yune , Chen Ding , Savini Giacomo , Wang Qing , Zhang Hongfang , Jin Yili , Song Benhao , Ning Rui , Huang Jinhai , Mei Chenyang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and Scheimpflug system and evaluate the agreement between the two systems in measuring multiple corneal regions in children.

Methods
Pachymetric and keratometric maps for both systems were evaluated. Central, midperipheral and peripheral corneal thickness (CT), keratometry and astigmatism power vectors were recorded. The three outcomes yielded by the same observer were used to assess intraobserver repeatability. The differences in the mean values provided by each observer were used to evaluate interobserver reproducibility. Within-subject standard deviation, test-retest repeatability (TRT) and coefficient of variation (CoV) were used to analyze the intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility. Paired T-test and Bland-Altman were used to appraise interdevice agreement.

Results
Seventy-eight eyes of 78 children were included. The CoV was ≤2.12 and 1.10%, respectively, for repeatability and reproducibility. TRT and CoV were lower for central and paracentral CT measurements than for peripheral measurements. The SS-OCT device generated higher precision when acquiring CT data, whereas Scheimpflug system showed higher reliability when measuring corneal keratometry. Although the CT readings measured using SS-OCT were significantly thinner than Scheimpflug device (P <  0.001), the central and thinnest CT values were still of high agreement. The interdevice agreement of keratometry measurement was high for the central corneal region and moderate for the paracentral and peripheral areas.

Conclusions
The precision of CT measurements by SS-OCT was higher, while the reliability of keratometry measurements by the Scheimpflug system was higher in children. Apart from the measured values in the central corneal region, the thickness and keratometry readings should not be considered interchangeable between the two systems.
Who is at risk? Gendered psychological correlates in Italian students’ sexual risk profiles
Authors: Pirani Elena , Matera Camilla 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecent research has shown that sexual risk behaviours are rising substantially among Italian youth, but this evidence is still undervalued in public discussion. Adopting a multidimensional perspective for sexual risk and addressing gender differences, the present study investigates if and how some individuals’ psychological characteristics—namely body satisfaction, self-esteem and body sensation-seeking—are associated with unsafe and risky sexual behaviours of Italian emerging adults. We exploited the survey SELFY—Sexual and Emotional LiFe of Youths—conducted in 2017 in Italy. Several key points may be highlighted from our study. First, we identify two clusters characterized by high sexual risk-taking behaviours, which include one third of our sample, a non-negligible proportion. Second, we prove that women are generally less inclined to adopt risk-taking behaviours in sexual life. Third, our findings show that body satisfaction, self-esteem and sensation seeking are differently linked to sexual risk taking among women and men. Body satisfaction is associated with a higher probability of adopting risky and promiscuous sexual behaviours among men, while the relationship is not significant among women. Sensation seeking shows a certain relevance in defining sexual risk profiles, especially for men. Overall, our research suggests that body image and self-worth could be relevant areas of intervention for sexual health programs targeting emerging Italian adults. Notably, communication and education strategies on these issues should be differentiated for women and men.
The importance of recognizing multiples in legacy data: A case study from the Brazilian equatorial margin
Authors: Leopoldino Oliveira Karen M. , Bedle Heather , Araujo Gabriel de A. , Castelo Branco Mariano 
Published: June 2020

Summary The Ceará Basin is a deepwater exploration frontier basin that comprises part of the Brazilian equatorial margin. This basin has been receiving renewed attention from the petroleum industry since the discovery of important deepwater oil fields in its African counterpart. However, detailed seismic stratigraphic, depositional, and structural frameworks for the Ceará Basin are still lacking in the literature. We have analyzed a series of 2D seismic data sets and stumbled into the pitfalls of migration artifacts (i.e., multiples) ultimately realizing that reprocessing was the best option to avoid the mistake of interpreting these artifacts as geologic features. Multiples can be difficult to identify in seismic data in which they mimic the true geology of the region, and they often present a pitfall for less experienced interpreters. Indeed, the identification and removal of multiples is crucial because they do not reflect the true geology in the subsurface and may otherwise lead to incorrect business decisions. Geological feature: Stratigraphy of the Ceará Basin, offshore Brazil Seismic appearance: Strong seismic horizons mimicking geological layering Alternative interpretations: Multiples arising from poor seismic migration processing Features with similar appearance: Strong seismic horizons reflecting basement and carbonates Formation: Rift sequence of the Ceará Basin Age: Cretaceous Location: Ceará Basin, offshore Brazil Seismic data: Obtained by the Brazilian National Petroleum Agency and reprocessed by the authors Analysis tool: Reprocessing
Hospital Characteristics and Breast Cancer Survival in the California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium
Authors: Shariff-Marco Salma , Ellis Libby , Yang Juan , Koo Jocelyn , John Esther M. , Keegan Theresa H.M. , Cheng Iona , Monroe Kristine R. , Vigen Cheryl , Kwan Marilyn L. , Lu Yani , Bernstein Leslie , Wu Anna H. , Gomez Scarlett Lin , Kurian Allison W. 
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION: Racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer survival are well documented, but the influence of health care institutions is unclear. We therefore examined the effect of hospital characteristics on survival. METHODS: Harmonized data pooled from 5 case-control and prospective cohort studies within the California Breast Cancer Survivorship Consortium were linked to the California Cancer Registry and the California Neighborhoods Data System. The study included 9,701 patients with breast cancer who were diagnosed between 1993 and 2007. First reporting hospitals were classified by hospital type—National Cancer Institute (NCI) –designated cancer center, American College of Surgeons (ACS) Cancer Program, other—and hospital composition of the neighborhood socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity of patients with cancer. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for clinical and patient-level prognostic factors were used to examine the influence of hospital characteristics on survival. RESULTS: Fewer than one half of women received their initial care at an NCI-designated cancer center (5%) or ACS program (38%) hospital. Receipt of initial care in ACS program hospitals varied by race/ethnicity—highest among non-Latina White patients (45%), and lowest among African Americans (21%). African-American women had superior breast cancer survival when receiving initial care in ACS hospitals versus other hospitals (non-ACS program and non–NCI-designated cancer center; hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.83). Other hospital characteristics were not associated with survival. CONCLUSION: African American women may benefit significantly from breast cancer care in ACS program hospitals; however, most did not receive initial care at such facilities. Future research should identify the aspects of ACS program hospitals that are associated with higher survival and evaluate strategies by which to enhance access to and use of high-quality hospitals, particularly among African American women.
Bone and Mineral Metabolism in Children with Nephropathic Cystinosis Compared with other CKD Entities
Authors: Ewert Annika , Leifheit-Nestler Maren , Hohenfellner Katharina , Büscher Anja , Kemper Markus J , Oh Jun , Billing Heiko , Thumfart Julia , Stangl Gabriele , Baur Anja C , Föller Michael , Feger Martina , Weber Lutz T , Acham-Roschitz Birgit , Arbeiter Klaus , Tönshoff Burkhard , Zivicnjak Miroslav , Haffner Dieter 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
Children with nephropathic cystinosis (NC) show persistent hypophosphatemia, due to Fanconi syndrome, as well as mineral and bone disorders related to chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, systematic analyses are lacking.

Objective
To compare biochemical parameters of bone and mineral metabolism between children with NC and controls across all stages of CKD.

Design
Cross-sectional multicenter study.

Setting
Hospital clinics.

Patients
Forty-nine children with NC, 80 CKD controls of the same age and CKD stage.

Main outcome measures
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), soluble Klotho, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b), sclerostin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), biochemical parameters related to mineral metabolism, and skeletal comorbidity.

Results
Despite Fanconi syndrome medication, NC patients showed an 11-fold increased risk of short stature, bone deformities, and/or requirement for skeletal surgery compared with CKD controls. This was associated with a higher frequency of risk factors such as hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia, low parathyroid hormone (PTH), metabolic acidosis, and a specific CKD stage-dependent pattern of bone marker alterations. Pretransplant NC patients in mild to moderate CKD showed a delayed increase or lacked an increase in FGF23 and sclerostin, and increased BAP, TRAP5b, and OPG concentrations compared with CKD controls. Post-transplant, BAP and OPG returned to normal, TRAP5b further increased, whereas FGF23 and PTH were less elevated compared with CKD controls and associated with higher serum phosphate.

Conclusions
Patients with NC show more severe skeletal comorbidity associated with distinct CKD stage-dependent alterations of bone metabolism than CKD controls, suggesting impaired mineralization and increased bone resorption, which is only partially normalized after renal transplantation.
Coaxial Electrospun Fibermat of Poly(AM/DAAM)/ADH and PCL: Versatile Platform for Functioning Active Enzymes
Authors: Tanikawa Yuji , Ido Yuya , Ando Ren , Obata Akiko , Nagata Kenji , Kasuga Toshihiro , Mizuno Toshihisa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, we prepared and characterized enzyme (α-chymotrypsin or lactase)-encapsulating core-shell fibermats by electrospinning. The hydrophilic copolymer of acrylamide (AM) and diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), poly(AM/DAAM), was used as the base material to obtain the core unit of nanofibers. During electrospinning, poly(AM/DAAM) was crosslinked with the bifunctional crosslinker adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) in the presence of enzyme molecules. The cores were wrapped with hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) layers as shell unit. Different from the fibermats of only poly(AM/DAAM)/ADH, the core-shell fibermat of poly(AM/DAAM)/ADH and PCL exhibited sufficient mechanical strength and stability of the stacked nanofibrous structure in a neutral-pH buffer. Furthermore, when the PCL-shell thickness was controlled to be less than 150 nm, the encapsulated enzymes exhibited an apparent activity of &gt;70–80% for low-molecular weight substrates in an immersion buffer. These results indicate that the core-shell fibermats of poly(AM/DAAM)/ADH and PCL (or other hydrophobic polymer) could be used as effective enzyme-immobilizing platforms.
Aerobic Exercise for Sport-related Concussion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: LANGEVIN PIERRE , FRÉMONT PIERRE , FAIT PHILIPPE , DUBÉ MARC-OLIVIER , BERTRAND-CHARETTE MICHAËL , Roy Jean-Sébastien 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionApproximately 25% of people with sport-related concussion (SRC) experiences persistent symptoms. The 2016 Berlin consensus on SRC recommends symptom-limited aerobic exercise as a rehabilitation option for persistent symptoms after concussion. However, this recommendation is based on a limited body of knowledge because there is uncertainty about the effectiveness of such interventions. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effects of symptom-limited aerobic exercise programs compared with control interventions on symptom intensity in individuals with SRC.MethodsA structured search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL, and EBM reviews. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) including aerobic exercise programs as an intervention for SRC were included. After selection, the risk of bias and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation recommendations were applied to pooled studies for quantitative analysis. Standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. A descriptive analysis was also performed.ResultsSeven RCT (326 participants) in adolescent populations were included. Three of seven RCT had a high risk of bias. Symptom-limited aerobic exercise programs have a significant beneficial effect on the perception of symptoms (6 studies, 277 participants, low-quality evidence; pooled SMD, −0.44; 95% CI, −0.68 to −0.19). When introduced in the acute phase, symptom-limited aerobic exercise programs have a significant beneficial effect on symptomatic recovery compared with control interventions (3 studies, 206 participants, moderate quality evidence, pooled SMD, −0.43; 95% CI, −0.71 to −0.15).ConclusionsSymptom-limited aerobic exercise programs are beneficial in improving symptoms of adolescents after an SRC. Good-quality studies are needed to determine effects on adults and on other outcomes.
Survival prediction for oral tongue cancer patients via probabilistic genetic algorithm optimized neural network models
Authors: Pan Xiaoying , Zhang Ting , Yang QingPing , Yang Di , Rwigema Jean-Claude , Qi X. Sharon 
Published: June 2020

Objectives:
High throughput pre-treatment imaging features may predict radiation treatment outcome and guide individualized treatment in radiotherapy (RT). Given relatively small patient sample (as compared with high dimensional imaging features), identifying potential prognostic imaging biomarkers is typically challenging. We aimed to develop robust machine learning methods for patient survival prediction using pre-treatment quantitative CT image features for a subgroup of head-and-neck cancer patients.

Methods:
Three neural network models, including back propagation (BP), Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation (GA-BP), and Probabilistic Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation (PGA-BP) neural networks were trained to simulate association between patient survival and radiomics data in radiotherapy. To evaluate the models, a subgroup of 59 head-and-neck patients with primary cancers in oral tongue area were utilized. Quantitative image features were extracted from planning CT images, a novel t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) method was used to remove irrelevant and redundant image features before fed into the network models. 80% patients were used to train the models, and remaining 20% were used for evaluation.

Results:
Of the three supervised machine-learning methods studied, PGA-BP yielded the best predictive performance. The reported actual patient survival interval of 30.5 ± 21.3 months, the predicted survival times were 47.3 ± 38.8, 38.5 ± 13.5 and 29.9 ± 15.3 months using the traditional PCA. Combining with the novel t-SNE dimensionality reduction algorithm, the predicted survival intervals are 35.8 ± 15.2, 32.3 ± 13.1 and 31.6 ± 15.8 months for the BP, GA-BP and PGA-BP neural network models, respectively.

Conclusion:
The work demonstrated that the proposed probabilistic genetic algorithm optimized neural network models, integrating with the t-SNE dimensionality reduction algorithm, achieved accurate prediction of patient survival.

Advances in knowledge:
The proposed PGA-BP neural network, integrating with an advanced dimensionality reduction algorithm (t-SNE), improved patient survival prediction accuracy using pre-treatment quantitative CT image features of head-and-neck cancer patients.
Mitsos Bilalis, Το παρελθόν στο δίκτυο: Εικόνα, τεχνολογία και ιστορική κουλτούρα στη σύγχρονη Ελλάδα (1994–2005) [Online pasts: image, technology and historical culture in contemporary Greece, 1994–2005]
Authors: Sichani Anna-Maria 
Published: June 2020

Review of Mitsos Bilalis, Το παρελθόν στο δίκτυο: Εικόνα, τεχνολογία και ιστορική κουλτούρα στη σύγχρονη Ελλάδα (1994–2005) [Online pasts: image, technology and historical culture in contemporary Greece, 1994–2005].Athens: Historein; National Documentation Centre, 2015. 182 pp.
Development of an Intervention Setting Ontology for behaviour change: Specifying where interventions take place
Authors: Norris Emma , Marques Marta M. , Finnerty Ailbhe N. , Wright Alison J. , West Robert , Hastings Janna , Williams Poppy , Carey Rachel N. , Kelly Michael P. , Johnston Marie , Michie Susan 
Published: June 2020

Background: Contextual factors such as an intervention’s setting are key to understanding how interventions to change behaviour have their effects and patterns of generalisation across contexts. The intervention’s setting is not consistently reported in published reports of evaluations. Using ontologies to specify and classify intervention setting characteristics enables clear and reproducible reporting, thus aiding replication, implementation and evidence synthesis. This paper reports the development of a Setting Ontology for behaviour change interventions as part of a Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology, currently being developed in the Wellcome Trust funded Human Behaviour-Change Project. Methods: The Intervention Setting Ontology was developed following methods for ontology development used in the Human Behaviour-Change Project: 1) Defining the ontology’s scope, 2) Identifying key entities by reviewing existing classification systems (top-down) and 100 published behaviour change intervention reports (bottom-up), 3) Refining the preliminary ontology by literature annotation of 100 reports, 4) Stakeholder reviewing by 23 behavioural science and public health experts to refine the ontology, 5) Assessing inter-rater reliability of using the ontology by two annotators familiar with the ontology and two annotators unfamiliar with it, 6) Specifying ontological relationships between setting entities and 7) Making the Intervention Setting Ontology machine-readable using Web Ontology Language (OWL) and publishing online. Results: The Intervention Setting Ontology consists of 72 entities structured hierarchically with two upper-level classes: Physical setting including Geographic location, Attribute of location (including Area social and economic condition, Population and resource density sub-levels) and Intervention site (including Facility, Transportation and Outdoor environment sub-levels), as well as Social setting. Inter-rater reliability was found to be 0.73 (good) for those familiar with the ontology and 0.61 (acceptable) for those unfamiliar with it. Conclusion: The Intervention Setting Ontology can be used to code information from diverse sources, annotate the setting characteristics of existing intervention evaluation reports and guide future reporting.
Delivering Behaviour Change Interventions: Development of a Mode of Delivery Ontology
Authors: Marques Marta M. , Carey Rachel N. , Norris Emma , Evans Fiona , Finnerty Ailbhe N. , Hastings Janna , Jenkins Ella , Johnston Marie , West Robert , Michie Susan 
Published: June 2020

Background: Investigating and improving the effects of behaviour change interventions requires detailed and consistent specification of all aspects of interventions. An important feature of interventions is the way in which these are delivered, i.e. their mode of delivery. This paper describes an ontology for specifying the mode of delivery of interventions, which forms part of the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology, currently being developed in the Wellcome Trust funded Human Behaviour-Change Project. Methods: The Mode of Delivery Ontology was developed in an iterative process of annotating behaviour change interventions evaluation reports, and consulting with expert stakeholders. It consisted of seven steps: 1) annotation of 110 intervention reports to develop a preliminary classification of modes of delivery; 2) open review from international experts (n=25); 3) second round of annotations with 55 reports to test inter-rater reliability and identify limitations; 4) second round of expert review feedback (n=16); 5) final round of testing of the refined ontology by two annotators familiar and two annotators unfamiliar with the ontology; 6) specification of ontological relationships between entities; and 7) transformation into a machine-readable format using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) language and publishing online. Results: The resulting ontology is a four-level hierarchical structure comprising 65 unique modes of delivery, organised by 15 upper-level classes: Informational, Environmental change, Somatic, Somatic alteration, Individual-based/ Pair-based /Group-based, Uni-directional/Interactional, Synchronous/ Asynchronous, Push/ Pull, Gamification, Arts feature. Relationships between entities consist of is_a. Inter-rater reliability of the Mode of Delivery Ontology for annotating intervention evaluation reports was a=0.80 (very good) for those familiar with the ontology and a= 0.58 (acceptable) for those unfamiliar with it. Conclusion: The ontology can be used for both annotating and writing behaviour change intervention evaluation reports in a consistent and coherent manner, thereby improving evidence comparison, synthesis, replication, and implementation of effective interventions.