bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Australia story: Current status and future challenges for the clinical applications of psychedelics
Authors: Nutt David J , Hunt Peter , Schlag Anne Katrin , Fitzgerald Paul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe past decade has seen a huge increase in clinical research with psychedelic drugs and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), which have revealed great potential for treating mental health conditions. Given this progress in research, as well as the current unmet clinical need of millions of patients, in 2023, the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) approved the use of psilocybin for treatment‐resistant depression and MDMA for PTSD to take effect from 1 July 2023. The campaign for TGA approval was led by a coalition comprising the Australian charity Mind Medicine Australia with support from Professor David Nutt, Drug Science, Professor Arthur Christopolous, Professor Chris Langmead (both from Monash University) and from large numbers of clinical, academic and patient groups. Under the rescheduling, current prescribing rights are limited to psychiatrists who have become authorised prescribers under the TGA's Authorised Prescriber Scheme, and psilocybin can only be used for treatment resistant depression and MDMA can only be used for PTSD. This paper reviews the background for this decision, its implications for approvals in other jurisdictions, as well as for the development pathways for other psychedelic drugs.
Editorial: The usual suspects and beyond – decontextualization as explanation for the suboptimal uptake of parenting interventions
Authors: Dekkers Tycho J. , Chacko Anil , Lebowitz Matthew S. 
Published: December 2024

Although parenting interventions are recommended by major clinical guidelines for managing children's behavioral challenges, including ADHD, their uptake in clinical practice remains limited. Building on the contributions of Hodson et al. and Nijboer et al. in the current issue of this journal, we here explore solutions to enhance this uptake. We first summarize the usual suspects: solutions that could be implemented in our current mental healthcare systems. Digital and brief interventions could remove obstacles that are often experienced with traditional parenting interventions, and nudges inspired by behavioral economic theories can help remove dynamic, time‐varying barriers experienced by parents that may arise during the course of the intervention. We then zoom out and present a paradigmatic challenge. The current narrative surrounding behavioral problems like ADHD is predominantly biomedical, which tends to elevate expectations for treatments such as medication while simultaneously diminishing confidence in parenting interventions. From this perspective, it is unsurprising that engagement issues arise when a context‐focused intervention such as parent training is proposed as a solution to a decontextualized problem like ADHD. Adopting a truly balanced biopsychosocial‐societal perspective on behavioral problems like ADHD would better reflect their complex and heterogeneous etiology, and would broaden the scope for interventions, such as parenting programs, that focus on optimizing children's contextual environments.
Prayer and Perceptual (and Other) Experiences
Authors: Schille‐Hudson Eleanor , Weisman Kara , Luhrmann Tanya M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPrayer, a repeated practice of paying attention to one's inner mental world, is a core behavior across many faiths and traditions, understudied by cognitive scientists. Previous research suggests that humans pray because prayer changes the way they feel or how they think. This paper makes a novel argument: that prayer changes what they feel that they perceive. Those who pray, we find, are more likely to report sensory and perceptual experiences which they take to be evidence of a god or spirit. Across three studies encompassing data from thousands of participants across five different cultures, we find that the amount of time spent daily in prayer is associated with the frequency of such events—and that prayer is associated with some of these experiences more strongly than others. Time in prayer has the strongest relationship with the frequency of everyday events (like dreams or strong emotion) that are experienced as not generated by the self but by a god or spirit. Prayer is also associated with more anomalous experiences like voices and a sense of presence, but prayer has no association with more dramatic events such as possession, out‐of‐body experiences, and sleep paralysis. Our results not only suggest interesting relationships between practice and experience in a religious domain, but hint at the power of practice to shape experience more broadly.
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and immunogenicity of HLX14 versus reference denosumab in healthy males: A randomized phase I study
Authors: Li Nanyang , Chu Nannan , Zhu Leilei , Wu Xiaojie , Wei Qiong , Wang Jiahui , Hu Xuhui , Yu Haoyu , Wang Qingyu , Yuan Wei'an , Huang Kai , Zhang Jing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDenosumab is a human IgG2 monoclonal antibody against receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL) for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone loss. HLX14 is a proposed biosimilar of denosumab. This randomized, parallel‐group, two‐part, phase I study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and immunogenicity of HLX14 with reference denosumab in Chinese healthy adult male participants. In Part 1, participants were randomized 1:1 and given HLX14 or reference denosumab sourced from the European Union (EU). In double‐blind Part 2, participants were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive HLX14 or denosumab sourced from the United States, EU, or China. All study drugs were administered via subcutaneous injection at a single dose of 60 mg. The primary endpoints were area under the serum drug concentration–time curve from time 0 to the last concentration‐quantifiable time t (AUC0–t), maximum serum drug concentration (Cmax), and area under the serum drug concentration–time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC0–inf). Twenty‐four participants were randomized in Part 1 and 228 in Part 2. The 90% confidence intervals of geometric mean ratio of AUC0–t, Cmax, and AUC0–inf between HLX14 and denosumab from different sources fell within the pre‐specified similarity margins of 0.80–1.25 (AUC0–t, 0.91–1.13; Cmax, 0.91–1.13; AUC0–inf, 0.91–1.12), demonstrating pharmacokinetic similarity. No notable difference was observed among treatment groups in pharmacodynamics, safety, or immunogenicity. HLX14 demonstrated highly similar pharmacokinetic characteristics with comparable pharmacodynamics, safety, and immunogenicity to denosumab, supporting its further investigation as a potential denosumab biosimilar.
Long‐term weight loss and cardiorenal outcomes by baseline BMI in the VERTIS CV trial
Authors: Cosentino Francesco , Dagogo‐Jack Samuel , Frederich Robert , Cannon Christopher P. , Cherney David Z. I. , Mancuso James P. , Wynant Willy , Xing Aiwen , Gantz Ira , Cater Nilo B. , Pratley Richard E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimTo assess weight loss and cardiorenal outcomes by baseline body mass index (BMI) in VERTIS CV.MethodsPatients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease were randomized to ertugliflozin or placebo. These post hoc analyses evaluated cardiometabolic and cardiorenal outcomes (a composite of death from CV causes or hospitalization for heart failure [HHF], CV death, HHF and an exploratory composite kidney outcome including ≥40% estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] decrease) by baseline BMI, using conventional clinical categories and Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsIn total, 8246 adults were randomized (mean age 64.4 years, diabetes duration 13.0 years, BMI 32.0 kg/m2, 61% with BMI >30 kg/m2). Absolute body weight reduction was greater with ertugliflozin versus placebo at 3 and 5 years in the overall population (p < 0.001) and across BMI subgroups. Ertugliflozin increased the proportion of participants achieving ≥5% and ≥10% body weight reduction (ertugliflozin 34.9% and 13.6%, placebo 19.4% and 4.1%; odds ratio [95% confident interval, CI], 2.21 [1.76–2.77] and 3.65 [2.39–5.57], respectively) at 5 years. No significant difference was observed in the effect of ertugliflozin on HHF across BMI subgroups (Pinteraction = 0.61). Similarly, no significant difference was observed in the effect of ertugliflozin on the kidney composite outcome across BMI subgroups (Pinteraction = 0.39). Results were similar for other CV outcomes, and safety was consistent with the known ertugliflozin profile.ConclusionWeight loss was observed across baseline BMI and was sustained over 5 years of follow‐up. The effects of ertugliflozin on HHF and kidney composite were consistent across baseline BMI.
E‐Kalaiva AI Technology in the Education of Social Work Students: Meeting the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Yousif Nagwa , Youssef Enaam , Gad Salah 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe main purpose of this article is to investigate the prospects of using AI in the education of social workers and social work in general. The research methodology encompassed both pre‐test and post‐test assessments administered for closed examinations across five academic disciplines, all of which were instructed through the utilisation of the e‐Kalaiva AI platform. The findings of the current investigation revealed that a 6‐month implementation of the e‐Kalaiva AI program, rooted in artificial intelligence (AI), enriched with machine learning (ML), augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR) components, significantly enhanced the educational process within the domains of biology, computer science, sociology, social work, and psychology. It was ascertained that AI has the potential to aid educational institutions in achieving sustainable development objectives. AI could be a promising tool in social work in the UAE and globally.
Limited short‐term benefits of glacial rock flour for enhancing the physical quality of tropical arable soils
Authors: Obour Peter Bilson , Dietzen Christiana , Oppong Danso Eric , Arthur Emmanuel , Adu Michael Osei , Rosing Minik Thorleif 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere is increasing recognition that the application of fine‐grained silicate rock granulates can improve soil productivity by increasing its fertility and ameliorating its physical properties. Although the former has been extensively studied, empirical information on the latter is scarce. Pot and field experiments were conducted at the University of Ghana's Forest and Horticultural Crops Research Centre (FOHCREC), Kade, Ghana, from May 2020 to December 2021 to quantify the short‐term effect of the application of Greenlandic glacial rock flour (GRF) on the physical properties of three benchmark arable soils in Ghana, namely an Acrisol (sandy clay loam), a Haplic Ferralsol (sandy loam), and an Arenosol (sand). The pot experiment included three GRF treatments (0, 10, and 20 t ha−1) and the three soil types, while the field experiment was conducted on only the sandy clay loam soil where GRF rates of 10 and 50 t ha−1 were compared to the control. Intact 100 cm3 soil cores were sampled from the soil surface in the field and pot experiments to assess the soil bulk density. We also quantified soil water retention, air and gas transport, and pore morphological characteristics over a range of matric potentials. Both the pot and field experiments showed that adding GRF did not improve soil water retention. Still, the response of gas transport and pore characteristics to changing matric potential was significantly (p < 0.05) modified by GRF in some soil types. The results suggested that the effectiveness of the use of GRF to ameliorate soil physical conditions for plant growth may depend on soil type and the soil water matric potential. We concluded that the application of GRF cannot be relied upon as a short‐term strategy to significantly improve the structural quality of the tropical soils studied. Rather, GRF should be considered for application to the soils for its other beneficial effects. We recommend that the effects of repeated applications and further build‐up of the material in the soil should be investigated to determine the effect of higher relative GRF concentrations on soil hydro‐physical properties.
Cannabidiol alleviates LPS‐inhibited odonto/osteogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells in vitro
Authors: Kornsuthisopon Chatvadee , Chansaenroj Ajjima , Suwittayarak Ravipha , Phothichailert Suphalak , Usarprom Khunakon , Srikacha Apicha , Vimolmangkang Sornkanok , Phrueksotsai Chaloemrit , Samaranayake Lakshman P. , Osathanon Thanaphum 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimCannabidiol (CBD), derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, exhibits benefits in potentially alleviating a number of oral and dental pathoses, including pulpitis and periodontal diseases. This study aimed to explore the impact of CBD on several traits of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC), such as their proliferation, apoptosis, migration and odonto/osteogenic differentiation.MethodologyhDPSCs were harvested from human dental pulp tissues. The cells were treated with CBD at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 25 and 50 μg/mL. Cell responses in terms of cell proliferation, colony‐forming unit, cell cycle progression, cell migration, apoptosis and odonto/osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs were assessed in the normal culture condition and P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ‘inflammatory’ milieus. RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis were performed to predict target pathways impacted by CBD.ResultsCBD minimally affects hDPSCs' behaviour under normal culture growth milieu in normal conditions. However, an optimal concentration of 1.25 μg/mL CBD significantly countered the harmful effects of LPS, indicated by the promoting cell proliferation and restoring the odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential of hDPSCs under LPS‐treated conditions. The proteomic analysis demonstrated that several proteins involved in cell proliferation and differentiation were upregulated following CBD exposure, including CCL8, CDC42 and KFL5. RNA sequencing data indicated that CBD upregulated the Notch signalling pathway. In an inhibitory experiment, DAPT, a Notch inhibitor, reduced the effect of CBD‐rescued LPS‐attenuated mineralization in hDPSCs, suggesting that CBD potentially mediates Notch activation to exert its impact on odonto/osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.ConclusionsCBD recovers the proliferation and survival of hDPSCs following exposure to LPS. Additionally, we report that CBD‐mediated Notch activation effectively restores the odonto/osteogenic differentiation ability of hDPSCs under inflamed conditions. These results underscore the potential role of CBD as a therapeutic option to enhance dentine regeneration.
Enhancing pharmaceutical cold supply chain: integrating medication synchronization and diverse delivery modes
Authors: Potters Elise , Mosalla Nezhad Behzad , Bernard Victor Johan , Hans Erwin , Asadi Amin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe significance of last‐mile logistics in the healthcare supply chain is growing steadily, especially in pharmacies where the growing prevalence of medication delivery to patients' homes is remarkable. This paper proposes a novel mathematical model for the last‐mile logistics of the pharmaceutical supply chain and optimizes a pharmacy's logistical financial outcome while considering medication synchronization, different delivery modes, and temperature requirements of medicines. We propose a mathematical formulation of the problem using mixed‐integer linear programming evolved from the actual problem of an outpatient pharmacy of a Dutch hospital. We create a case study by gathering, preparing, processing, and analyzing the associated data. We find the optimal solution, using Python MIP package and the Gurobi solver, which indicates the number of order batches, the composition of these batches, and the number of staff related to the preparation of the order batches. Our results show that our optimal solution increases the pharmacy's logistical financial outcome by 34%. Moreover, we propose other model variations and perform extensive scenario analysis to provide managerial insights applicable to other pharmacies and distributors in the last step of cold supply chains. Based on our scenario analysis, we conclude that improving medication synchronization can significantly enhance the pharmacy's logistical financial outcome.
Iterated local search with two strategies in the acceptance criterion for the tree t$t$‐spanner problem
Authors: Israni Manisha , Sundar Shyam 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe tree ‐spanner problem (‐SP), for a given edge‐weighted, undirected, and connected graph, is an ‐hard problem with practical applications that aims to find a spanning tree with minimum , called the stretch factor. Due to its computational intractability, metaheuristic techniques have attracted much attention in the literature for finding good solutions within an acceptable computational time. In this article, we make the first attempt to propose a single solution‐based iterated local search (ILS) for the ‐SP. To ensure high search efficiency and efficacy, the proposed ILS framework relies on the perturbation strategy, a problem‐specific local search, and the use of two strategies in the acceptance criterion of ILS. On a set of available 48 benchmark instances, experimental results indicate that the proposed ILS consistently outperforms the existing best‐so‐far approach, particularly with the increase in instance sizes. The results yield new improved values on 32 instances out of 48 instances. We investigate the effectiveness of using two strategies in the acceptance criterion of ILS. Moreover, a statistical analysis is conducted to demonstrate its significance.
Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health
Authors: Morneau‐Vaillancourt Geneviève , Palaiologou Elisavet , Polderman Tinca J.C. , Eley Thalia C. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMental health problems and traits capturing psychopathology are common and often begin during adolescence. Decades of twin studies indicate that genetic factors explain around 50% of individual differences in adolescent psychopathology. In recent years, significant advances, particularly in genomics, have moved this work towards more translational findings.MethodsThis review provides an overview of the past decade of genetically sensitive studies on adolescent development, covering both family and genomic studies in adolescents aged 10–24 years. We focus on five research themes: (1) co‐occurrence or comorbidity between psychopathologies, (2) stability and change over time, (3) intergenerational transmission, (4) gene–environment interplay, and (5) psychological treatment outcomes.ResultsFirst, research shows that much of the co‐occurrence of psychopathologies in adolescence is explained by genetic factors, with widespread pleiotropic influences on many traits. Second, stability in psychopathology across adolescence is largely explained by persistent genetic influences, whereas change is explained by emerging genetic and environmental influences. Third, contemporary twin‐family studies suggest that different co‐occurring genetic and environmental mechanisms may account for the intergenerational transmission of psychopathology, with some differences across psychopathologies. Fourth, genetic influences on adolescent psychopathology are correlated with a wide range of environmental exposures. However, the extent to which genetic factors interact with the environment remains unclear, as findings from both twin and genomic studies are inconsistent. Finally, a few studies suggest that genetic factors may play a role in psychological treatment response, but these findings have not yet been replicated.ConclusionsGenetically sensitive research on adolescent psychopathology has progressed significantly in the past decade, with family and twin findings starting to be replicated at the genomic level. However, important gaps remain in the literature, and we conclude by providing suggestions of research questions that still need to be addressed.
European S2k guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa part 2: Treatment
Authors: Zouboulis C. C. , Bechara F. G. , Benhadou F. , Bettoli V. , Bukvić Mokos Z. , Del Marmol V. , Dolenc‐Voljč M. , Giamarellos‐Bourboulis E. J. , Grimstad Ø. , Guillem P. , Horváth B. , Hunger R. E. , Ingram J. R. , Ioannidis D. , Just E. , Kemény L. , Kirby B. , Liakou A. I. , McGrath B. M. , Marzano A. V. , Matusiak Ł. , Molina‐Leyva A. , Nassif A. , Podda M. , Prens E. P. , Prignano F. , Raynal H. , Romanelli M. , Saunte D. M. L. , Szegedi A. , Szepietowski J. C. , Tzellos T. , Valiukevičienė S. , van der Zee H. H. , van Straalen K. R. , Villumsen B. , Jemec G. B. E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis second part of the S2k guidelines is an update of the 2015 S1 European guidelines.ObjectiveThese guidelines aim to provide an accepted decision aid for the selection, implementation and assessment of appropriate and sufficient therapy for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS).MethodsThe chapters have been selected after a Delphi procedure among the experts/authors. Certain passages have been adopted without changes from the previous version. Potential treatment complications are not included, being beyond the scope of these guidelines.ResultsSince the S1 guidelines publication, validation of new therapeutic approaches has almost completely overhauled the knowledge in the field of HS treatment. Inflammatory nodules/abscesses/draining tunnels are the primary lesions, which enable the classification of the disease severity by new validated tools. In relation to the degree of detectable inflammation, HS is classified into the inflammatory and the predominantly non‐inflammatory forms. While the intensity of the inflammatory form can be subdivided by the IHS4 classification in mild, moderate and severe HS and is treated by medication accordingly, the decision on surgical treatment of the predominantly non‐inflammatory form is based on the Hurley stage of the affected localization. The effectiveness of oral tetracyclines as an alternative to the oral combination of clindamycin/rifampicin should be noted. The duration of systemic antibiotic therapy can be shortened by a 5‐day intravenous clindamycin treatment. Adalimumab, secukinumab and bimekizumab subcutaneous administration has been approved by the EMA for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe HS. Various surgical procedures are available for the predominantly non‐inflammatory form of the disease. The combination of a medical therapy to reduce inflammation with a surgical procedure to remove irreversible tissue damage is currently considered a holistic therapeutic approach.ConclusionsSuitable therapeutic options while considering HS severity in the therapeutic algorithm according to standardized criteria are aimed at ensuring a proper therapy.