bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical evaluation of the Triage analytic device for drugs-of-abuse testing
Authors: de la Torre R , Domingo-Salvany A , Badia R , Gonzàlez G , McFarlane D , San L , Torrens M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the present clinical evaluation of Triage immunoassay for detection of drugs of abuse, we examined a possible connection between the laboratory skills of the personnel using it and the quality of analytical results; we also evaluated the degree of concordance between the Triage results and those obtained by an instrumented fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). Three groups of evaluators with different laboratory skills and two sets of urine samples from subjects with different rates of drug consumption prevalence were included in the study. Urines were analyzed by the Triage analytical device at the collection site. A second analysis was performed in a toxicology laboratory, and the results were compared with those obtained by FPIA. Nonconcordant results were confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and HPLC. Results were independent of the laboratory skills of the evaluators. The agreement for each drug calculated for two populations with differences in prevalence of drug consumption was almost the same, except for benzodiazepines. No differences between Triage and FPIA results were observed for samples clearly over or under cutoff concentrations. Globally, the Triage device, in a clinical situation, demonstrated performance comparable with that of an instrument-based immunoassay and, in some cases (e.g., for benzodiazepines), the Triage performance was even better.
Monoclonal antibody-based dual-label time-resolved fluorometric assays in a simplified one-step format
Authors: Meriö L , Pettersson K , Lövgren T 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We have performed a one-step all-in-one dual-label dry reagent time-resolved fluorometric assay measuring free and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA). All assay-specific components were predried in an ordinary microtitration well, including the Eu and Tb chelate-labeled monoclonal antibodies for the recognition of free and total PSA, respectively. Only the sample and assay buffer needed to be added. Optimally, equilibrium was reached in &lt;15 min. New intrinsically fluorescent Eu and Tb chelates were used, which made it possible to read the fluorescence directly from the solid phase. The developed dual-label assay with the simple protocol is ideal for easy automation, as the reaction wells can be of alternative design. The performance characteristics are equivalent to those of the present state-of-the-art single-label assays. The detection limits for free and total PSA were 0.03 and 0.02 microg/L, respectively, and the assays were linear over the range tested (up to 300 microg/L).
Impact of L4 lymph node dissection on long-term survival in left-side operable non-small-cell lung cancer: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Yang Mu-Zi , Hou Xue , Li Ji-Bin , Cai Jing-Sheng , Yang Jie , Li Shuo , Long Hao , Fu Jian-Hua , Zhang Lan-Jun , Lin Peng , Rong Tie-Hua , Yang Hao-Xian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We investigated the impact of level 4 (L4) lymph node dissection (LND) on overall survival (OS) in left-side resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with the aim of guiding lymphadenectomy.

METHODS
A total of 1929 patients with left-side NSCLC who underwent R0 resection between 2001 and 2014 were included in the study. The patients were divided into a group with L4 LND (L4 LND+) and a group without L4 LND (L4 LND−). Propensity score matching was applied to minimize selection bias. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess the impact of L4 LND on OS.

RESULTS
A total of 317 pairs were matched. Of the cohort of patients, 20.3% (391/1929) had L4 LND. Of these patients, 11.8% (46/391) presented with L4 lymph node metastasis. L4 lymph node metastasis was not associated with the primary tumour lobes (P = 0.61). Before propensity score matching, the 5-year OS was comparable between the L4 LND+ and L4 LND− groups (69.0% vs 65.2%, P = 0.091). However, after propensity score matching, the 5-year OS of the L4 LND+ group was much improved compared to that of the L4 LND− group (72.9% vs 62.3%, P = 0.002) and L4 LND was an independent factor favouring OS (hazard ratio 0.678, 95% confidence interval 0.513–0.897; P = 0.006). Subgroup analysis suggested that L4 LND was an independent factor favouring OS in left upper lobe tumours.

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with left-side operable NSCLC, L4 lymph node metastasis was not rare and L4 LND should be routinely performed.
Human iPSC-derived Down syndrome astrocytes display genome-wide perturbations in gene expression, an altered adhesion profile, and increased cellular dynamics
Authors: Ponroy Bally Blandine , Farmer W Todd , Jones Emma V , Jessa Selin , Kacerovsky J Benjamin , Mayran Alexandre , Peng Huashan , Lefebvre Julie L , Drouin Jacques , Hayer Arnold , Ernst Carl , Murai Keith K 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDown syndrome (DS), caused by the triplication of human chromosome 21, leads to significant alterations in brain development and is a major genetic cause of intellectual disability. While much is known about changes to neurons in DS, the effects of trisomy 21 on non-neuronal cells such as astrocytes are poorly understood. Astrocytes are critical for brain development and function, and their alteration may contribute to DS pathophysiology. To better understand the impact of trisomy 21 on astrocytes, we performed RNA-sequencing on astrocytes from newly produced DS human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). While chromosome 21 genes were upregulated in DS astrocytes, we found consistent up- and down-regulation of genes across the genome with a strong dysregulation of neurodevelopmental, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix molecules. ATAC (assay for transposase-accessible chromatin)-seq also revealed a global alteration in chromatin state in DS astrocytes, showing modified chromatin accessibility at promoters of cell adhesion and extracellular matrix genes. Along with these transcriptomic and epigenomic changes, DS astrocytes displayed perturbations in cell size and cell spreading as well as modifications to cell-cell and cell-substrate recognition/adhesion, and increases in cellular motility and dynamics. Thus, triplication of chromosome 21 is associated with genome-wide transcriptional, epigenomic and functional alterations in astrocytes that may contribute to altered brain development and function in DS.
Disruption of a RAC1-centred network is associated with Alzheimer’s disease pathology and causes age-dependent neurodegeneration
Authors: Kikuchi Masataka , Sekiya Michiko , Hara Norikazu , Miyashita Akinori , Kuwano Ryozo , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Iijima Koichi M , Nakaya Akihiro 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe molecular biological mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involve disease-associated crosstalk through many genes and include a loss of normal as well as a gain of abnormal interactions among genes. A protein domain network (PDN) is a collection of physical bindings that occur between protein domains, and the states of the PDNs in patients with AD are likely to be perturbed compared to those in normal healthy individuals. To identify PDN changes that cause neurodegeneration, we analysed the PDNs that occur among genes co-expressed in each of three brain regions at each stage of AD. Our analysis revealed that the PDNs collapsed with the progression of AD stage and identified five hub genes, including Rac1, as key players in PDN collapse. Using publicly available as well as our own gene expression data, we confirmed that the mRNA expression level of the RAC1 gene was downregulated in the entorhinal cortex (EC) of AD brains. To test the causality of these changes in neurodegeneration, we utilized Drosophila as a genetic model and found that modest knockdown of Rac1 in neurons was sufficient to cause age-dependent behavioural deficits and neurodegeneration. Finally, we identified a microRNA, hsa-miR-101-3p, as a potential regulator of RAC1 in AD brains. As the Braak neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) stage progressed, the expression levels of hsa-miR-101-3p were increased specifically in the EC. Furthermore, overexpression of hsa-miR-101-3p in the human neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y caused RAC1 downregulation. These results highlight the utility of our integrated network approach for identifying causal changes leading to neurodegeneration in AD.
A Family of Riesz Distributions for Differential Forms on Euclidian Space
Authors: Fischmann Matthias , Ørsted Bent 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new family of operator-valued distributions on Euclidian space acting by convolution on differential forms. It provides a natural generalization of the important Riesz distributions acting on functions, where the corresponding operators are $(-\Delta )^{-\alpha /2}$, and we develop basic analogous properties with respect to meromorphic continuation, residues, Fourier transforms, and relations to conformal geometry and representations of the conformal group.
Results of the Italian infection-Carbapenem Resistance Evaluation Surveillance Trial (iCREST-IT): activity of ceftazidime/avibactam against Enterobacterales isolated from urine
Authors: Giani Tommaso , Antonelli Alberto , Sennati Samanta , Di Pilato Vincenzo , Chiarelli Adriana , Cannatelli Antonio , Gatsch Christopher , Luzzaro Francesco , Spanu Teresa , Stefani Stefania , Rossolini Gian Maria 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the in vitro antibacterial activity of ceftazidime/avibactam against a recent Italian collection of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) isolated from urine specimens.MethodsConsecutive Gram-negative isolates from urine specimens, collected from inpatients in five Italian hospitals during the period October 2016 to February 2017, were screened for CRE phenotype using chromogenic selective medium and identified using MALDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by reference broth microdilution (BMD) and, for ceftazidime/avibactam, also by Etest® CZA. Results were interpreted according to the EUCAST breakpoints. All confirmed CRE were subjected to real-time PCR targeting blaKPC-type, blaVIM-type, blaNDM-type and blaOXA-48-type carbapenemase genes. Non-MBL-producing isolates resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam were subjected to WGS and their resistome and clonality were analysed.ResultsOverall, 318 non-replicate presumptive CRE were collected following screening of 9405 isolates of Enterobacterales (3.4%) on chromogenic selective medium. Molecular analysis revealed that 216 isolates were positive for a carbapenemase gene (of which 92.1%, 2.8%, 1.4% and 1.4% were positive for blaKPC-type, blaOXA-48-type, blaNDM-type and blaVIM-type, respectively). Against the confirmed carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), ceftazidime/avibactam was the most active compound, followed by colistin (susceptibility rates 91.6% and 69.4%, respectively). Compared with BMD, Etest® for ceftazidime/avibactam yielded consistent results (100% category agreement). All class B β-lactamase producers were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam, while OXA-48 and KPC producers were susceptible, with the exception of seven KPC-producing isolates (4.2%). The latter exhibited an MIC of 16 to &gt;32 mg/L, belonged to ST512, produced KPC-3 and showed alterations in the OmpK35 and Ompk36 porins.ConclusionsCeftazidime/avibactam showed potent in vitro activity against a recent Italian collection of CPE from urine.
A Green HPLC Method for Determination of Nine Sulfonamides in Milk and Beef, and Its Greenness Assessment with Analytical Eco-Scale and Greenness Profile
Authors: Duan Xiaoyun , Liu Xiaofeng , Dong Yue , Yang Jing , Zhang Jing , He Shujuan , Yang Fatang , Wang Zhen , Dong Yuming 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Sulfonamides have been widely used in the prevention and clinical treatment of bacterial diseases in livestock and poultry. The use of sulfonamides increases the risk of veterinary drug residues in animal derived foods. The traditional reversed phase liquid chromatography methods for sulfonamides residues detection in animal derived foods have the problem of high consumption of organic solvents.

Objective
The aim of this study was to establish a green high-performance liquid chromatography method for the detection of sulfonamides residues in different animal-origin foods.

Method
The sample extraction solutions were purified by the Agela Cleanert PEP-2 cartridge and analyzed by the high-performance liquid chromatography method using ethanol as the green alternative solvent.

Results
The proposed method was validated in terms of linear range (20–1000 μg/kg), limit of detection (3.0–12.3 μg/kg), limit of quantitation (10–43 μg/kg), accuracy (80.7–101.3%), and repeatability and reproducibility (RSD &lt;5.9% and RSD &lt;8.5% respectively).

Conclusions
The proposed method is an environmentally friendly, sensitive and reliable high-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of sulfonamide residues in animal-origin foods.

Highlights
In this work, we firstly developed a green high-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of the residues of nine sulfonamides in milk and beef with ethanol as the green alternative solvent.
Embryological development of the freshwater crab Esanthelphusa nani (Naiyanetr, 1984) (Brachyura: Gecarcinucidae) using confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Maneein Rachata , Martinand-Mari Camille , Claude Julien , Kitana Jirarach , Kitana Noppadon 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We investigated the embryological development of Esanthelphusa nani (Naiyanetr, 1984), a common rice-field crab in northern Thailand, using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The development of E. nani can be completed in eggs within 12 d resulting in a hatchling stage corresponding to the megalopa stage. Pre-organogenetic stages were characterized by a superficial cleavage, including egg cleavage, egg blastula, and egg gastrula. Organogenesis stages were identified by the appearances of appendages and was divided into egg nauplius, egg zoea, and egg megalopa. Crabs metamorphose to juveniles after hatching. By providing new comparative data, our study shed some new light on the relationship between environment, phylogeny, and development, opening a potential area of research from the perspective of ecological, evolutionary, and developmental biology.
Utilization of the Cancer Medications Enquiry Database (CanMED)-National Drug Codes (NDC): Assessment of Systemic Breast Cancer Treatment Patterns
Authors: Rivera Donna R , Grothen Andrew , Ohm Bradley , McNeel Timothy S , Brennan Sean , Lam Clara J K , Penberthy Lynne , Enewold Lindsey , Petkov Valentina I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Cancer Medications Enquiry Database (CanMED) is comprised of two interactive, nomenclature-specific databases within the Observational Research in Oncology Toolbox: CanMED-Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) and CanMED-National Drug Code (NDC), described through this study. CanMED includes medications with a) a US Food and Drug Administration-approved cancer treatment or treatment-related symptom management indication, b) inclusion in treatment guidelines, or c) an orphan drug designation. To demonstrate the joint utility of CanMED, medication codes associated with female breast cancer treatment were identified and utilization patterns were assessed within Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare (SEER) data. CanMED-NDC (11_2018 v.1.2.4) includes 6860 NDC codes: chemotherapy (1870), immunotherapy (164), hormone therapy (3074), and ancillary therapy (1752). Treatment patterns among stage I–IIIA (20 701) and stage IIIB–IV (2381) breast cancer patients were accordant with guideline-recommended treatment by stage and molecular subtype. CanMED facilitates identification of medications from observational data (eg, claims and electronic health records), promoting more standardized and efficient treatment-related cancer research.
Supplying Allies: Political Economy of Coalition Warfare
Authors: Cappella Zielinski Rosella , Poast Paul 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We outline a framework for understanding variation in cobelligerent resource coordination of money and material. An important feature of coalitional resource procurement is the role played by private firms and market forces. These shape the processes by which cobelligerents facilitate acquisition and distribution. At times, cobelligerents rely on themselves or the unilateral provision of resources from a major power supplier. At other times, cobelligerents pool their resources and create international institutions to coordinate the purchase of material. Our framework demonstrates that to understand the means by which coalitions supply themselves and, in turn, create wartime efficiencies in money and material, one must account for both classic determinants of alliance politics—namely the distribution of power between allies—as well as domestic and transnational market forces that can constrain or enable coalition members’ ability, individually and collectively, to procure war inputs.
Conditional Convergence and the Rise of China: A Political Economy Approach to Understanding Global Power Transitions
Authors: Beckley Michael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMany scholars predict that China will soon challenge the United States for global primacy. This prediction is largely based on power transition theory, which assumes that rising challengers inevitably “converge” economically and militarily with reigning hegemons. Economists, however, have shown that convergence is a conditional process: sometimes poor countries grow faster than rich countries, but sometimes they fall further behind. Determining whether a US-China power transition will occur in the years ahead, therefore, requires specifying the drivers of long-term economic growth and assessing each country's growth prospects in light of these factors. This article does exactly that. Drawing on recent research in economics, I show that there are three main growth drivers—geography, institutions, and demography—and that the United States scores highly across these factors whereas China suffers from critical weaknesses. These results suggest that a US-China power transition is unlikely.
Faculty Assessments in a Military Medical Field Practicum: Rater Experience and Gender Do Not Appear to Influence Scoring
Authors: Barry Erin S , Dong Ting , Durning Steven J , Schreiber-Gregory Deanna , Torre Dario , Grunberg Neil E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Any implicit and explicit biases that exist may alter our interpretation of people and events. Within the context of assessment, it is important to determine if biases exist and to decrease any existing biases, especially when rating student performance to provide meaningful, fair, and useful input. The purpose of this study was to determine if the experience and gender of faculty members contribute to their ratings of students in a military medical field practicum. This information is important for fair ratings of students. Three research questions were addressed: Were there differences between new versus experienced faculty raters? Were there differences in assessments provided by female and male faculty members? Did gender of faculty raters impact ratings of female and male students?.

Materials and Methods
This study examined trained faculty evaluators’ ratings of three cohorts of medical students during 2015–2017 during a medical field practicum. Female (n = 80) and male (n = 161) faculty and female (n = 158) and male (n = 311) students were included. Within this dataset, there were 469 students and 241 faculty resulting in 5,599 ratings for each of six outcome variables that relate to overall leader performance, leader competence, and leader communication. Descriptive statistics were computed for all variables for the first four observations of each student. Descriptive analyses were performed for evaluator experience status and gender differences by each of the six variables. A multivariate analyses of variance was performed to examine whether there were differences between gender of faculty and gender of students.

Results
Descriptive analyses of the experience status of faculty revealed no significant differences between means on any of the rating elements. Descriptive analyses of faculty gender revealed no significant differences between female and male faculty ratings of the students. The overall MANOVA analyses found no statistically significant difference between female and male students on the combined dependent variables of leader performance for any of the four observations.

Conclusions
The study revealed that there were no differences in ratings of student leader performance based on faculty experience. In addition, there were no differences in ratings of student leader performance based on faculty gender.
Ethical Decision-Making at Intersections of Spirituality and Music Therapy in End-of-Life Care
Authors: Potvin Noah , Flynn Cathleen , Storm Jillian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Music therapists in end-of-life care settings are commonly requested by patients to self-disclose their spiritual beliefs and to participate in explicit spiritual practices or rituals. Four potential courses of action available to music therapists will be framed using an integrative ethical decision-making model in context of the American Music Therapy Association Code of Ethics. Stakeholdership, moderating obligations, and ethical values are concepts integral to this examination, providing music therapists dynamic constructs to continuously utilize when determining effective, culturally responsive ethical decisions. Specific ethical principles and codes are provided for additional points of reference, and recommendations are provided to guide future explorations into the ethical dimensions of music therapy and spirituality.
Identification of Meningioma Patients at High Risk of Tumor Recurrence Using MicroRNA Profiling
Authors: Slavik Hanus , Balik Vladimir , Vrbkova Jana , Rehulkova Alona , Vaverka Miroslav , Hrabalek Lumir , Ehrmann Jiri , Vidlarova Monika , Gurska Sona , Hajduch Marian , Srovnal Josef 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Meningioma growth rates are highly variable, even within benign subgroups, with some remaining stable, whereas others grow rapidly.

OBJECTIVE
To identify molecular-genetic markers for more accurate prediction of meningioma recurrence and better-targeted therapy.

METHODS
Microarrays identified microRNA (miRNA) expression in primary and recurrent meningiomas of all World Health Organization (WHO) grades. Those found to be deregulated were further validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in a cohort of 172 patients. Statistical analysis of the resulting dataset revealed predictors of meningioma recurrence.

RESULTS
Adjusted and nonadjusted models of time to relapse identified the most significant prognosticators to be miR-15a-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-331-3p. The final validation phase proved the crucial significance of miR-146a-5p and miR-331-3p, and clinical factors such as type of resection (total or partial) and WHO grade in some selected models. Following stepwise selection in a multivariate model on an expanded cohort, the most predictive model was identified to be that which included lower miR-331-3p expression (hazard ratio [HR] 1.44; P < .001) and partial tumor resection (HR 3.90; P < .001). Moreover, in the subgroup of total resections, both miRNAs remained prognosticators in univariate models adjusted to the clinical factors.

CONCLUSION
The proposed models might enable more accurate prediction of time to meningioma recurrence and thus determine optimal postoperative management. Moreover, combining this model with current knowledge of molecular processes underpinning recurrence could permit the identification of distinct meningioma subtypes and enable better-targeted therapies.