bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5‐FU inhibits migration and invasion of CRC cells through PI3K/AKT pathway regulated by MARCH1
Authors: Wang Nuan , Yang Lijuan , Dai Juanjuan , Wu Yan , Zhang Ranran , Jia Xingfang , Liu Chengxia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer is a major health problem with a significant impact on the patients' quality of life. 5‐Fluorouracil is the most common chemotherapy drug used for this type of cancer. While its molecular mechanism is the inhibition of DNA synthesis via the inhibition of thymine nucleotide synthetase, its complete anticancer mechanism is not clear. Membrane‐associated RING‐CH‐1 (MARCH1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays an important role in antigen presentation. However, MARCH1 has not been studied in the context of colorectal cancer. In this study, we demonstrated that MARCH1 is highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, migration and invasion of colorectal tumor cells were inhibited via transfection with small interfering RNAs to suppress the expression of MARCH1. The western blot analysis showed that MARCH1 regulates epithelial–mesenchymal transition and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, 5‐fluorouracil inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells, via the targeting of MARCH1 and the consequent downregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, impacting the progression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, our study shows that MARCH1 may play a role as an oncogene in colorectal cancer and may represent a new target molecule of 5‐fluorouracil.
Removing the plaque and implanting a drug‐eluting stent: The way to success
Authors: Colombo Antonio , Laricchia Alessandra 
Published: October 2020

Key Points
Effective lesion debulking with directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) improves performance of drug‐eluting stents (DES).
The use of DCA in bifurcation lesions prevents complex stenting in favor of single stent strategy, as it preserves side branches from either plaque or carina shift.
A randomized trial without selection bias and including more true bifurcation lesions as well as more complex calcific lesions is required to thoroughly explore DCA benefits in the era of second‐generation DES and drug‐coated balloons.
Clinical impact of intravascular ultrasound‐guided balloon angioplasty in patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia for isolated infrapopliteal lesion
Authors: Soga Yoshimitsu , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Ito Nobuhiro , Katsuki Tomonori , Imada Kazuaki , Hiramori Seiichi , Tomoi Yusuke , Ando Kenji 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo estimate the impact of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in patients with chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) who underwent balloon angioplasty for isolated infrapopliteal lesion.MethodsThe study was performed as a single‐center, prospective maintained database, retrospective analysis. Between January 2013 and December 2018, consecutive 155 CLTI patients (155 limbs) who primarily underwent balloon angioplasty for de novo isolated infrapopliteal atherosclerotic lesions with Rutherford category class 4 or 5 were identified (IVUS‐guided: 92 patients, angio‐guided: 63 patients) and included in the analysis. We compared clinical outcomes in IVUS‐guided group with that in angio‐guided group. The primary endpoint was limb salvage without any reintervention. The main secondary endpoints were wound healing rate and time to wound healing in the tissue loss group.ResultPatient and limb characteristics were similar between the two groups. The IVUS‐guided group was treated with a larger balloon size for all types of below‐the‐knee vessel (p < .001), although lesion characteristics, including the QVA‐measured vessel diameter, were similar between the two groups. The IVUS‐guided group had a higher rate of limb salvage without any reintervention than the angio‐guided group (p = 0028). Whereas limb salvage and overall survival was not significantly different. Wound healing was significantly earlier and the time to wound healing was significantly shorter (84 ± 55 days vs. 135 ± 118 days, p = .007) in the IVUS‐guided group.ConclusionLimb salvage rate without any reintervention in IIVUS‐guided balloon angioplasty group was significantly higher than that in angio‐guided balloon angioplasty group in patients with CLTI due to isolated infrapopliteal disease.
The Hydrodeoxygenation of Glycerol over NiMoSx: Catalyst Stability and Activity at Hydropyrolysis Conditions
Authors: Anderson Anthony D. , Lanci Michael P. , Buchanan J. Scott , Dumesic James A. , Huber George W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCatalytic activity tests were run to elucidate the chemistry and catalyst stability for the hydrodeoxygenation of glycerol and other aliphatic oxygenates over a NiMoSx/Al2O3 catalyst at different pretreatments at hydropyrolysis conditions in a continuous flow reactor. Reactivity metrics were developed to quantify and compare the reactivity of NiMo for deoxygenation, hydrogenation, and C−C cleavage. Activity experiments showed sulfided NiMo and reduced NiMo catalysts had similar deoxygenation and hydrogenation activity for glycerol HDO at 400 °C and 270 psig H2 with the NiMoSx catalyst showing higher C−C cleavage activity. Without a sulfur co‐feed, both the NiMoSx and NiMoOx catalysts lost >40 % deoxygenation activity over 30 h time on stream. With a 2100 ppm H2S co‐feed the NiMoSx catalyst showed a 12 times decrease in the deactivation rate for deoxygenation and 6 time decrease in the deactivation rate for hydrogenation. The main products at high conversion were propylene, propane, ethylene, methane, CO, methanol, ethanol, and 1‐propanol. At low conversion, the major products were unsaturated allyl alcohol, acrolein, hydroxyacetone, and acetaldehyde. With no H2S co‐feed at short contact times, there was a significant amount of carbon loss possibly due to condensation reactions, while at 2100 ppm H2S in the feed, the carbon balance was 102.4 %. Temperature programmed oxidation of the spent NiMoSx catalysts after 30 h of glycerol HDO without an H2S co‐feed showed that one of the causes of deactivation was coking.
New Understanding of Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Ethylbenzene Catalyzed by Nitrogen‐doped Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Su Yongzhao , Li Yuhang , Chen Zhicheng , Huang Jiangnan , Wang Hongjuan , Yu Hao , Cao Yonghai , Peng Feng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSelective aerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons undergoes a free‐radical chain reaction to yield corresponding value‐added products is the significant process in the chemical industry. Nanocarbons with heteroatoms doping as free‐metal catalysts have been proved to be excellent alternatives in various fields of reactions. In this work, nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) were applied for the aerobic oxidation of ethylbenzene (EB) in the liquid‐phase. The catalytic performance was unexpectedly suppressed, even lower than the control experiment, which is totally different from earlier publications. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that N doping would inhibit the abstraction of α‐H from EB molecule and end the radical propagation, thus suppressing the overall activity. Addition of TBHP would be helpful for the α‐H abstraction and forming alkyl radicals, which start the Franck‐Rabinowitch cage reaction and promote radical propagation in the presence of carbon catalysts. Herein, a higher catalytic efficiency with 46 % EB conversion and 72 % AcPO selectivity were obtained over NCNTs with O2and TBHP as dual‐oxidants.
Twofold C−H Activation Enables Synthesis of a Diazacoronene‐Type Fluorophore with Near Infrared Emission Through Isosteric Replacement
Authors: Greßies Steffen , Ito Masato , Sakai Mika , Osaki Hiroshi , Kim Ju Hyun , Gensch Tobias , Daniliuc Constantin , Ando Naoki , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Glorius Frank 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe synthesis and photophysical properties of a soluble amide‐embedded coronene is reported. The key step in this synthesis is the twofold C−H activation of diazaperylene by a rhodium(III)Cp* catalyst. This unprecedented structural motif shows intense fluorescence in the near infrared region with a small Stokes shift and a distinct vibronic structure, which exhibits a slight extent of negative solvatochromism. Comparison of this compound with some relevant compounds revealed the importance of the amide incorporation in the peripheral concave region including an angular position to retain high aromaticity reflecting that of parent coronene. Treatment of this compound with Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 formed a bis‐adduct, which exhibited enhanced aromaticity as a consequence of the increased double bond character of the amide C−N bonds.
Self‐Assembled Two‐Dimensional NiO/CeO2 Heterostructure Rich in Oxygen Vacancies as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Yan , Ye Fei , Li Wei‐Dong Z. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of high‐efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline surroundings is essential and challenging for the large‐scale generation of clean hydrogen. Herein, a novel self‐assembled two‐dimensional (2 D) NiO/CeO2 heterostructure (HS) consisting of NiO and CeO2 nanocrystals is prepared through a facile two‐step approach, and utilized as an enhanced bifunctional electrocatalyst for the HER and OER under alkaline conditions. It is concluded that this 2 D NiO/CeO2 HS, rich in oxygen vacancies, demonstrates attractive electrocatalytic properties for both the HER and OER in 1 m KOH, including low onset overpotential (η1), η10 and Tafel slope, excellent durability, as well as large active surface area. Therefore, the self‐assembled 2 D NiO/CeO2 HS is believed to be an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst toward the HER and OER.
Multiobjective optimization of area‐to‐point heat conduction structure using binary quantum‐behaved PSO and Tchebycheff decomposition method
Authors: Cai Hongwei , Guo Kai , Liu Hui , Xiang Wenyu , Liu Chunjiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA multiobjective optimization of area‐to‐point heat conduction to minimize both mean temperature and temperature variance is conducted based on a decomposition‐based multiobjective binary quantum‐behaved particle swarm optimization (PSO) method (MOMBQPSO/D). The MOMBQPSO/D adopts the framework of the multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and modifies the binary quantum‐behaved PSO. In the first step of the MOMBQPSO/D, the multiobjective area‐to‐point problem is divided into a series of subproblems using Tchebycheff decomposition method. Next, all the subproblems are solved simultaneously using the modified binary quantum‐behaved PSO. Finally, a series of Pareto optimal solutions representing the conducting path structures are stepwise selected from the solutions to the subproblems. The features of the Pareto optimality‐based conducting paths and cooling performance are described. In addition, the effects of the conductive material quantity, optimization objective, heat sink location, and heat source distribution on the conducting path structure and cooling performance are discussed.
Kinetic study of carbonylation of ethanol using homogeneous Rh complex catalyst
Authors: Xu Lin , Zhang Kai , Nawaz Muhammad A. , Liu Dianhua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCarbonylation of ethanol using homogeneous rhodium complex catalysts is an essential route for the manufacture of propionic acid, as carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid is a large‐scale commercial process that could provide critical insights for the ethanol carbonylation process. The reaction mechanism of ethanol has not been well understood yet, and the high cost of downstream separation due to high water content is still worrying. Consequently, propionic acid was used as solvent to reduce water content in the kinetic experiments carried out in a semibatch autoclave reactor. Homogeneous rhodium was used as complex catalyst with HI as a promoter and propionic acid as solvent. The effects of ethanol, hydroiodic acid, rhodium, and the pressure of carbon monoxide on reaction rate and selectivity of propionic acid were investigated. The reaction mechanism was determined through these batches in the meantime. A kinetic model for ethanol carbonylation was deduced based upon the observations and reaction mechanism. The parameters of the model were regressed and verified with the experimental data. The activation energy was found to be 75.6 kJ·mol−1. Residual error distribution and a statistical test showed that the kinetic model is reasonable and acceptable.
The Stone Guest: How Does pH Affect Binding Properties of PD‐1/PD‐L1 Inhibitors?
Authors: Riccio Alessandra , Coletti Alice , Dolciami Daniela , Mammoli Andrea , Cerra Bruno , Moretti Sonia , Gioiello Antimo , Ferlin Simone , Puxeddu Efisio , Macchiarulo Antonio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe interaction between programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) and its ligand PD−L1 activates a coinhibitory signal that blocks T‐cell activation, promoting the immune escape process in the tumor microenvironment. Development of monoclonal antibodies targeting and inhibiting PD‐1/PD−L1 interaction as anticancer immunotherapies has proved successful in multiple clinical settings and for various types of cancer. Notwithstanding, limitations exist with the use of these biologics, including drug resistance and narrow therapeutic response rate in a majority of patients, that demand for the design of more efficacious small molecule‐based immunotherapies. Alteration of pH in the tumor microenvironment is a key factor that is involved in promoting drug resistance, tumor survival and progression. In this study, we have investigated the effect of pH shifts on binding properties of distinct classes of PD−L1 inhibitors, including macrocyclic peptide and small molecules. Results expand structure‐activity relationships of PD−L1 inhibitors, providing insights into structural features and physicochemical properties that are useful for the design of ligands that may escape a drug resistance mechanism associated to variable pH conditions of tumor microenvironment.
Caregiver‐reported dementia as a predictor of oral health among patients receiving home‐visit dental treatment: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yamaguchi Satoshi , Horigome Yukari , Endo Kosei , Komagata Moritoshi , Komai Shinya , Komaki Kenichiro , Miyata Hideki , Sugano Kazuhiko , Ito Setsuko , Itabashi Shiho , Sato Harumi , Okahashi Minako , Kishi Sayaka , Abe Rika , Hattori Yoshinori 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess caregiver‐reported dementia as a risk factor for retained roots, an indicator of poor oral hygiene, among patients receiving home‐visit dental treatment in Japan.MethodsThe medical records of 231 dentate patients who received home‐visit dental treatment (covered by public medical insurance) for more than 2 years were retrospectively analyzed. The number of teeth and retained roots at the initial and final examinations were obtained from the dental charts, and the “change in the number of retained roots from initial to final examination” was determined. The presence or absence of caregiver‐reported dementia, diabetes, and osteoporosis, as well as the level of long‐term care needed, were used as indicators of general health condition at the initial interview. Multiple regression analyses were conducted in five models that tested the association of independent variables (age, gender, observation period, general health, presence or absence of caregiver‐reported dementia at the initial interview) with changes in the number of retained roots.ResultsIn all models, the presence of caregiver‐reported dementia at the initial interview was significantly associated with the change in the number of retained roots (p < .05). The adjusted coefficient of determination (R2) of model 5, which included all the predetermined independent factors, was .168.ConclusionsCaregiver‐reported dementia may be a risk factor for an increase in the number of retained roots among patients who receive home‐visit dental treatment and may serve as an indicator of the need for regular and proactive oral hygiene management.
Floret site utilization and reproductive tiller number are primary components of grain yield in intermediate wheatgrass spaced plants
Authors: Altendorf Kayla R. , DeHaan Lee R. , Heineck Garett C. , Zhang Xiaofei , Anderson James A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPerennial plants provide extensive environmental services and increasing their prevalence on the agricultural landscape is one way to improve sustainability. Direct domestication of intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey] as a perennial grain crop is underway, and selection has focused primarily on improving seed size and grain yield. Breeders lack understanding of grain yield and its relationship with component traits in this species. We characterized a large (n = 1,168) spaced plant nursery in St. Paul, MN, and Salina, KS, in 2017 and 2018 for a series of 13 yield component traits. In Year 2 in St. Paul, yield per plant and reproductive tiller number nearly doubled, whereas other yield components, including yield per spike, spikelets per spike, florets per spikelet, and thousand‐grain weight, significantly decreased. Correlation analyses between traits highlighted positive associations of seven traits with grain yield. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that when yield was measured on a yield per spike basis, floret site utilization was the primary contributor to yield, and when measured on a per‐plant basis, reproductive tiller number was the primary contributor. The indirect effects of biomass and maturity traits on both measures of yield were limited. Future work should investigate the predictive ability of reproductive tiller counts in spaced plant and sward environments to inform how breeders assess and select for yield.
Immobilization of CoII‐(N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐2‐aminobenzylamine) on Poly(pyrrole‐co‐o‐anisidine)/Chitosan Composite Films: Application to Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Catechol
Authors: Yalçınkaya Süleyman , Çakmak Didem 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, poly (pyrrole‐co‐o‐anisidine)/chitosan composite (Cs) films were prepared by cyclic voltammetry technique on platinum electrode using different pyrrole and o‐anisidine mole ratios. Immobilization process was accomplished in CoII‐(N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐2‐aminobenzylamine)(CoL) dissolved 0.15 M acetonitrile‐LiClO4 solution by cyclic voltammetry technique at 0.2–2.0 V potential range. Three electrode methods were applied in all electrochemical studies. After immobilization process, the characterizations of the electro catalytic surfaces (Cs−CoL−Pt) were carried out by cyclic voltammetry and SEM images. The SEM images clearly indicated that the [CoL] complex is immobilized onto composite films. The electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrodes on the catechol was investigated using buffer solutions of different pH values. The results of catalytic studies revealed that, pH=10 buffer solution was the optimal solution and 1 : 1 Cs−CoL−Pt electrode was the best electrode for catechol oxidation. In square wave voltammetry measurements using this electrode, two linear working ranges were determined. The linear response ranges for catechol determination were found as 3.0 μM–6.0 μM and 16 μM–80 μM for the first and the second linear working ranges, respectively, with 1.1 μM detection limit.
Ce0.8Sr0.2CoxFe1‐xO3‐δ (x=0.2, 0.5, 0.8) – A Perovskite‐type Nanocomposite for Application in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: Njoku C. B. , Doyle B. P. , Carleschi E. , Kriek R. J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThree perovskite‐type nanocomposites, i. e. Ce0.8Sr0.2CoxFe1‐xO3‐δ (x=0.2, CSCF1; 0.5, CSCF2; 0.8, CSCF3), were synthesized employing the sol‐gel technique, subsequent to which they were physically and electrochemically evaluated for their electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline medium (0.1 M KOH) at room temperature (25 °C). Electrochemical characterisation revealed Ce0.8Sr0.2Co0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ (CSCF3) to be the most active having the lowest overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 (440 mV), the lowest Tafel slope (40.7 mV dec−1), the highest mass activity (20.11 mA mg−1) and highest specific activity (2.22 mA cm−2).
Early intervention in child and adolescent eating disorders: The role of a parenting group
Authors: Rosello Rocio , Gledhill Julia , Yi Irene , Watkins Beth , Harvey Lucy , Hosking Alexandra , Viner Russell , Nicholls Dasha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveParental involvement is emphasised in treatment guidelines for Eating Disorders (ED). The primary aim of this phase II study was to estimate the impact of a parent group intervention delivered immediately post‐diagnosis on weight gain and ED psychopathology in a cohort of young people referred to a community ED service. A secondary aim was to identify predictor variables for early treatment response in children whose parents attended the programme.MethodParents of 64 new cases of Anorexia Nervosa (AN; n = 50) and Atypical Anorexia (AAN, n = 14) attended a 6 week parent group intervention in addition to treatment as usual in which patients were weighed and reviewed, but had no other contemporaneous psychological intervention. Age and gender adjusted BMI (%median [m] BMI) and ED psychopathology at baseline, 6‐week and 6‐month follow‐up were analysed to assess weight gain and identify predictors of outcome.ResultsThe intervention was associated with weight gain and improved ED psychopathology by the end of the programme; these gains were sustained at 6 months %mBMI at 6 weeks was the only predictor of outcome (%mBMI) at 6 months.ConclusionsThis preliminary work highlights the positive benefit of an ED focused parent group early intervention that could be further evaluated.
Multistage direction‐of‐arrival estimation approach for noncoherent and multigroup coherent signals
Authors: Shahimaeen Assieh , Dehghani Mohammad Javad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA new multistage direction estimation (MSDE) method using two parallel uniform linear arrays (ULAs) is proposed, which estimates two‐dimensional (2D) direction‐of‐arrivals (DOAs) of a mixture of noncoherent and multigroup of coherent signals, sequentially. At first, we estimate 2‐D DOAs of noncoherent signals, next, utilize an iterative procedure to make the estimation accuracy better, then omit the effect of noncoherent signals by the oblique projectors. Now, to estimate the 2D DOAs of each group separately, the group with the minimum coherent signals is decorrelated by the forward spatial smoothing, then an initial 2D DOA estimation is calculated and the estimation accuracy of this group is improved by using an iterative procedure. Afterward, the information of the signals whose DOAs are estimated, is omitted by oblique projectors. We repeat in the same way until the 2D DOAs of all coherent groups are estimated. It is shown in the simulation results section that the proposed method has good performance.