bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple and fast Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for passion fruit KPF4 (Passiflora edulis f. edulis × Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa)
Authors: Asande Lydia K. , Omwoyo Richard O. , Oduor Richard O. , Nyaboga Evans N. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) is an important horticultural crop in the tropics and subtropics, where it has great commercial potential due to high demand for fresh edible fruits and processed juice as well as source of raw materials in cosmetic industries. Genetic engineering shows great potential in passion fruit improvement and can compensate for the limitations of conventional breeding. Despite the success achieved in genetic modification of few passion fruit varieties, transgenic passion fruit production is still difficult for farmer-preferred cultivars. Therefore, it is important to establish a simple and fast Agrobacterium-mediated cell transformation of commercial hybrid passion fruit KPF4 (Passiflora edulis f. edulis × Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa).

Results
In the present study, we have developed a simple and fast Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for hybrid passion fruit KPF4 using leaf disc explants. Factors affecting the rate of transient beta (β)-glucuronidase (gusA) expression and consequently transformation efficiency were optimized as follows: Agrobacterium cell density with an OD600 of 0.5, 30 min infection time, 3 days of co-cultivation duration and the incorporation of 200 µM acetosyringone into Agrobacterium infection suspension medium. Using the optimized conditions, transgenic plants of KPF4 were produced within 2 months with an average transformation efficiency of 0.67%. The β-glucuronidase (GUS) histochemical staining confirmed the expression and integration of an intron-containing gusA gene into transformed leaf discs and transgenic plant lines of KPF4. The presence of gusA gene in the transgenic plants was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results confirmed that the gusA gene was efficiently integrated into the passion fruit genome.

Conclusions
The developed transformation protocol is simple and rapid and could be useful for functional genomic studies and transferring agronomically important traits into passion fruit hybrid KPF4. This study developed a method that can be used to transfer traits such as resistance to viral diseases, low fruit quality and short storage life. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on genetic transformation system for commercial passion fruit hybrid KPF4.
Strict bladder filling and rectal emptying during prostate SBRT: Does it make a dosimetric or clinical difference?
Authors: Byun David J. , Gorovets Daniel J. , Jacobs Lauren M. , Happersett Laura , Zhang Pengpeng , Pei Xin , Burleson Sarah , Zhang Zhigang , Hunt Margie , McBride Sean , Kollmeier Marisa A. , Zelefsky Michael J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate inter-fractional variations in bladder and rectum during prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and determine dosimetric and clinical consequences.

Methods
Eighty-five patients with 510 computed tomography (CT) images were analyzed. Median prescription dose was 40 Gy in 5 fractions. Patients were instructed to maintain a full bladder and empty rectum prior to simulation and each treatment. A single reviewer delineated organs at risk (OARs) on the simulation (Sim-CT) and Cone Beam CTs (CBCT) for analyses.

Results
Bladder and rectum volume reductions were observed throughout the course of SBRT, with largest mean reductions of 86.9 mL (19.0%) for bladder and 6.4 mL (8.7%) for rectum noted at fraction #5 compared to Sim-CT (P < 0.01). Higher initial Sim-CT bladder volumes were predictive for greater reduction in absolute bladder volume during treatment (ρ = − 0.69; P < 0.01). Over the course of SBRT, there was a small but significant increase in bladder mean dose (+ 4.5 ± 12.8%; P < 0.01) but no significant change in the D2cc (+ 0.8 ± 4.0%; P = 0.28). The mean bladder trigone displacement was in the anterior direction (+ 4.02 ± 6.59 mm) with a corresponding decrease in mean trigone dose (− 3.6 ± 9.6%; P < 0.01) and D2cc (− 6.2 ± 15.6%; P < 0.01). There was a small but significant increase in mean rectal dose (+ 7.0 ± 12.9%, P < 0.01) but a decrease in rectal D2cc (− 2.2 ± 10.1%; P = 0.04). No significant correlations were found between relative bladder volume changes, bladder trigone displacements, or rectum volume changes with rates of genitourinary or rectal toxicities.

Conclusions
Despite smaller than expected bladder and rectal volumes at the time of treatment compared to the planning scans, dosimetric impact was minimal and not predictive of detrimental clinical outcomes. These results cast doubt on the need for excessively strict bladder filling and rectal emptying protocols in the context of image guided prostate SBRT and prospective studies are needed to determine its necessity.
Stimulation-induced differential redistributions of clathrin and clathrin-coated vesicles in axons compared to soma/dendrites
Authors: Tao-Cheng Jung-Hwa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClathrin-mediated endocytosis plays an important role in the recycling of synaptic vesicle in presynaptic terminals, and in the recycling of transmitter receptors in neuronal soma/dendrites. The present study uses electron microscopy (EM) and immunogold EM to document the different categories of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV) and pits (CCP) in axons compared to soma/dendrites, and the depolarization-induced redistribution of clathrin in these two polarized compartments of the neuron. The size of CCVs in presynaptic terminals (~ 40 nm; similar to the size of synaptic vesicles) is considerably smaller than the size of CCVs in soma/dendrites (~ 90 nm). Furthermore, neuronal stimulation induces an increase in the number of CCV/CCP in presynaptic terminals, but a decrease in soma/dendrites. Immunogold labeling of clathrin revealed that in presynaptic terminals under resting conditions, the majority of clathrin molecules are unassembled and concentrated outside of synaptic vesicle clusters. Upon depolarization with high K+, label for clathrin became scattered among de-clustered synaptic vesicles and moved closer to the presynaptic active zone. In contrast to axons, clathrin-labeled CCVs and CCPs were prominent in soma/dendrites under resting conditions, and became inconspicuous upon depolarization with high K+. Thus, EM examination suggests that the regulation and mechanism of clathrin-mediated endocytosis differ between axon and dendrite, and that clathrin redistributes differently in these two neuronal compartments upon depolarization.
How pediatric resident’s life has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Votto Martina , De Filippo Maria ,   On behalf of the Pediatric Residents of the University of Pavia, Italy, Rossella Amariti , Beatrice Andrenacci , Antonia Apicella , Francesco Bassanese , Emanuela Bellanca , Giacomo Bonitatibus , Giovanni Bottino , Giulia Casari , Paola Castelli , Anna Cervone , Clemente Andrea Martina , Carmela Crapanzano , Francesco Delle Cave , Giulia Di Vincenzo , Giulia Dobbiani , Myriam Donesana , Francesco Fasolino , Ferrara Ursula Pia , Ivan Fiorito , Claudia Garassino , Chiara Gertosio , Francesca Giffoni , Marco Gregnanin , Carmen Guarracino , Irene Ioimo , Lucia Iozzi , Rosario Ippolito , Enrico Landi , Anna Larocca , Buono Laura , Claudio Lavarello , Leon Joya Anita , Francesca Loiacono , Alessandra Maggio , Magistrali Mariasol , Erika Maglie , Manganelli Nunzia Pia , Alexandre Michev , Alice Moiraghi , Paola Musso , Matteo Naso , Cecilia Novara , Francesca Olivero , Valeria Paganelli , Paola Pagliara , Giulia Raffa , Chiara Raviola , Corrado Regalbuto , Francesca Rivano , Giulia Roberto , Alessandra Rossi , Federico Rossi , Viola Santi , Simona Semeria Mantelli , Cecilia Silvi , Giulia Siri , Eugenia Spreafico , Enrico Tondina , Chiara Trabatti , Daniele Veraldi , Antonio Vergori , Federica Vinci , Eleonora Vitrani , Viola Vittoni , Andreana Zecchini 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince the World Health Organization declared Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global pandemic, a few articles were published on the working experience of pediatric residents, especially from the most exposed countries worldwide. Pediatric residents continue to be essential pillars in managing and treating pediatric diseases and are currently fundamental health care providers for every ill patient, including children and adolescents with COVID-19. Although severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is changing everyone’s life, this previously unknown disease can represent a training tool and a hard challenge for pediatric residents to improve their skills and take part in an ongoing process of knowledge.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms in at-risk groups for AD dementia and their association with worry and AD biomarkers—results from the DELCODE study
Authors: Sannemann Lena , Schild Ann-Katrin , Altenstein Slawek , Bartels Claudia , Brosseron Frederic , Buerger Katharina , Cosma Nicoleta Carmen , Fliessbach Klaus , Freiesleben Silka Dawn , Glanz Wenzel , Heneka Michael T. , Janowitz Daniel , Kilimann Ingo , Kobeleva Xenia , Laske Christoph , Metzger Coraline D. , Munk Matthias H. J. , Perneczky Robert , Peters Oliver , Polcher Alexandra , Priller Josef , Rauchmann Boris , Rösch Christina , Rudolph Janna , Schneider Anja , Spottke Annika , Spruth Eike Jakob , Teipel Stefan , Vukovich Ruth , Wagner Michael , Wiltfang Jens , Wolfsgruber Steffen , Duezel Emrah , Jessen Frank ,   for the DELCODE Study Group
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Early identification of individuals at risk of dementia is mandatory to implement prevention strategies and design clinical trials that target early disease stages. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) have been proposed as potential markers for early manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to investigate the frequency of NPS in SCD, in other at-risk groups, in healthy controls (CO), and in AD patients, and to test the association of NPS with AD biomarkers, with a particular focus on cognitively unimpaired participants with or without SCD-related worries.

Methods
We analyzed data of n = 687 participants from the German DZNE Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (DELCODE) study, including the diagnostic groups SCD (n = 242), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 115), AD (n = 77), CO (n = 209), and first-degree relatives of AD patients (REL, n = 44). The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI-SF) were used to assess NPS. We examined differences of NPS frequency between diagnostic groups. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to further investigate the relationship between NPS and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers, focusing on a subsample of cognitively unimpaired participants (SCD, REL, and CO), who were further differentiated based on reported worries.

Results
The numbers of reported NPS, depression scores, and anxiety scores were significantly higher in subjects with SCD compared to CO. The quantity of reported NPS in subjects with SCD was lower compared to the MCI and AD group. In cognitively unimpaired subjects with worries, low Aß42 was associated with higher rates of reporting two or more NPS (OR 0.998, 95% CI 0.996–1.000, p < .05).

Conclusion
These findings give insight into the prevalence of NPS in different diagnostic groups, including SCD and healthy controls. NPS based on informant report seem to be associated with underlying AD pathology in cognitively unimpaired participants who worry about cognitive decline.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00007966. Registered 4 May 2015.
Application of autologous endometrial mesenchymal stromal/stem cells increases thin endometrium receptivity: a case report
Authors: Sapozhak I. M. , Gubar О. S. , Rodnichenko A. E. , Zlatska A. V. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy in cycles with the use of assisted reproductive technologies is possible only with the availability of good-quality embryos and a healthy receptive endometrium. The problem of lack of sensitivity of the endometrium is related to the syndrome of thin endometrium, which is caused by a number of factors. However, there is no single protocol for the treatment of this syndrome, the return/improvement of normal functionality of endometrial tissue, and obtaining the desired pregnancy.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 38-year-old Ukrainian woman with a number of unsuccessful tries at pregnancy in cycles with the use of assisted reproductive technologies. We describe a clinical case of the use of mesenchymal stem cells of the human endometrium for a woman with thin endometrial syndrome to increase its receptivity for pregnancy. The basic steps of patient management, protocol of sampling material for obtaining a cell product based on endometrial stem cells, their basic morphofunctional characteristics, and post-treatment procedures to obtain the desired pregnancy are described.

Conclusion
Application of autologous endometrial mesenchymal stem cells increases endometrial receptivity and the chance for pregnancy with use of assisted reproductive technologies.
Existence of positive periodic solutions for super-linear neutral Liénard equation with a singularity of attractive type
Authors: Zhu Yu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the existence of positive periodic solutions is studied for super-linear neutral Liénard equation with a singularity of attractive type$$ \bigl(x(t)-cx(t-\sigma)\bigr)''+f\bigl(x(t) \bigr)x'(t)-\varphi(t)x^{\mu}(t)+ \frac{\alpha(t)}{x^{\gamma}(t)}=e(t), $$(x(t)−cx(t−σ))″+f(x(t))x′(t)−φ(t)xμ(t)+α(t)xγ(t)=e(t),where$f:(0,+\infty)\rightarrow R$f:(0,+∞)→R,$\varphi(t)>0$φ(t)>0and$\alpha(t)>0$α(t)>0are continuous functions withT-periodicity in thetvariable,c,γare constants with$|c|<1$|c|<1,$\gamma\geq1$γ≥1. Many authors obtained the existence of periodic solutions under the condition$0<\mu\leq1$0<μ≤1, and we extend the result to$\mu>1$μ>1by using Mawhin’s continuation theorem as well as the techniques of a priori estimates. At last, an example is given to show applications of the theorem.
Fractional Fourier transform and stability of fractional differential equation on Lizorkin space
Authors: Unyong Bundit , Mohanapriya Arusamy , Ganesh Anumanthappa , Rajchakit Grienggrai , Govindan Vediyappan , Vadivel R. , Gunasekaran Nallappan , Lim Chee Peng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the current study, we conduct an investigation into the Hyers–Ulam stability of linear fractional differential equation using the Riemann–Liouville derivatives based on fractional Fourier transform. In addition, some new results on stability conditions with respect to delay differential equation of fractional order are obtained. We establish the Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability results as well as examine their existence and uniqueness of solutions pertaining to nonlinear problems. We provide examples that indicate the usefulness of the results presented.
Relationship between large-scale ionospheric field-aligned currents and electron/ion precipitations: DMSP observations
Authors: Xiong Chao , Stolle Claudia , Alken Patrick , Rauberg Jan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, we have derived field-aligned currents (FACs) from magnetometers onboard the Defense Meteorological Satellite Project (DMSP) satellites. The magnetic latitude versus local time distribution of FACs from DMSP shows comparable dependences with previous findings on the intensity and orientation of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) By and Bz components, which confirms the reliability of DMSP FAC data set. With simultaneous measurements of precipitating particles from DMSP, we further investigate the relation between large-scale FACs and precipitating particles. Our result shows that precipitation electron and ion fluxes both increase in magnitude and extend to lower latitude for enhanced southward IMF Bz, which is similar to the behavior of FACs. Under weak northward and southward Bz conditions, the locations of the R2 current maxima, at both dusk and dawn sides and in both hemispheres, are found to be close to the maxima of the particle energy fluxes; while for the same IMF conditions, R1 currents are displaced further to the respective particle flux peaks. Largest displacement (about 3.5°) is found between the downward R1 current and ion flux peak at the dawn side. Our results suggest that there exists systematic differences in locations of electron/ion precipitation and large-scale upward/downward FACs. As outlined by the statistical mean of these two parameters, the FAC peaks enclose the particle energy flux peaks in an auroral band at both dusk and dawn sides. Our comparisons also found that particle precipitation at dawn and dusk and in both hemispheres maximizes near the mean R2 current peaks. The particle precipitation flux maxima closer to the R1 current peaks are lower in magnitude. This is opposite to the known feature that R1 currents are on average stronger than R2 currents.
Evaluating the clinical significance of SHMT2 and its co-expressed gene in human kidney cancer
Authors: Wang Huan , Chong Tie , Li Bo-Yong , Chen Xiao-San , Zhen Wen-Bo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Kidney cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. It is necessary to clarify its underlying mechanism and find its prognostic biomarkers. Current studies showed that SHMT2 may be participated in several kinds of cancer.

Methods
Our studies investigated the expression of SHMT2 in kidney cancer by Oncomine, Human Protein Atlas database and ULCAN database. Meanwhile, we found its co-expression gene by cBioPortal online tool and validated their relationship in A498 and ACHN cells by cell transfection, western blot and qRT-PCR. Besides these, we also explored their prognostic values via the Kaplan–Meier plotter database in different types of kidney cancer patients.

Results
SHMT2 was found to be increased in 7 kidney cancer datasets, compared to normal renal tissues. For the cancer stages, ages and races, there existed significant difference in the expression of SHMT2 among different groups by mining of the UALCAN database. High SHMT2 expression is associated with poor overall survival in patients with kidney cancer. Among all co-expressed genes, NDUFA4L2 and SHMT2 had a high co-expression efficient. SHMT2 overexpression led to the increased expression of NDUFA4L2 at both mRNA and protein levels. Like SHMT2, overexpressed NDUFA4L2 also was associated with worse overall survival in patients with kidney cancer.

Conclusion
Based on above results, overexpressed SHMT2 and its co-expressed gene NDUFA4L2 were all correlated with the prognosis in kidney cancer. The present study might be benefit for better understanding the clinical significance of SHMT2 and provided a potential therapeutic target for kidney cancer in future.
Islands and the world from an anthropological perspective
Authors: Ma Guoqing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIsland studies play an important role in the development of anthropology. It is of academic value and practical significance to understand the island world as the field where multiple modernization forces and globalization interwine. This paper explores the intricate and diverse connections between continental and marine culture from a perspective of “viewing the world through the island”. In terms of overall diversity and exoteric mobility, this paper reviews the various aspects of island studies, examines the internal and external transformation of islands within land-sea interaction, and analyzes the dynamic historical process of the island world’s involvement in the global network, which blends and integrates various cultural elements of the external world. In the context of globalization, the island world is undergoing dramatic changes and in coping with them generating its new features.
COVID-19 deaths in people with intellectual disability in the UK and Ireland: descriptive study
Authors: Perera Bhathika , Laugharne Richard , Henley William , Zabel Abigail , Lamb Kirsten , Branford David , Courtanay Ken , Alexander Regi , Purandare Kiran , Wijeratne Anusha , Radhakrishnan Vishwa , McNamara Eileen , Daureeawoo Youshan , Sawhney Indermeet , Scheepers Mark , Taylor Gordon , Shankar Rohit 
Published: October 2020

Background
Rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected people with intellectual disability disproportionately. Existing data does not provide enough information to understand factors associated with increased deaths in those with intellectual disability. Establishing who is at high risk is important in developing prevention strategies, given risk factors or comorbidities in people with intellectual disability may be different to those in the general population.

Aims
To identify comorbidities, demographic and clinical factors of those individuals with intellectual disability who have died from COVID-19.

Method
An observational descriptive case series looking at deaths because of COVID-19 in people with intellectual disability was conducted. Along with established risk factors observed in the general population, possible specific risk factors and comorbidities in people with intellectual disability for deaths related to COVID-19 were examined. Comparisons between mild and moderate-to-profound intellectual disability subcohorts were undertaken.

Results
Data on 66 deaths in individuals with intellectual disability were analysed. This group was younger (mean age 64 years) compared with the age of death in the general population because of COVID-19. High rates of moderate-to-profound intellectual disability (n = 43), epilepsy (n = 29), mental illness (n = 29), dysphagia (n = 23), Down syndrome (n = 20) and dementia (n = 15) were observed.

Conclusions
This is the first study exploring associations between possible risk factors and comorbidities found in COVID-19 deaths in people with intellectual disability. Our data provides insight into possible factors for deaths in people with intellectual disability. Some of the factors varied between the mild and moderate-to-profound intellectual disability groups. This highlights an urgent need for further systemic inquiry and study of the possible cumulative impact of these factors and comorbidities given the possibility of COVID-19 resurgence.