bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MON-320 Inter-Rater Reliability of T2 MRI Intensity of Somatotroph Adenomas; Endocrinologists vs. Neuroradiologist Pilot Study
Authors: Varlamov Elena V , Hinojosa-Amaya José Miguel , Ting Dawn Lim Shao , Fleseriu Maria , Prola Joao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background MRI T2 hypointensity of growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary adenomas (PA) has been associated with better biochemical response to somatostatin receptor ligands and has been suggested to be useful in selecting patients with expected favorable response for pre- and post-surgery medical therapy. However, in most imaging centers, T2 intensity measurement is not part of standard neuroradiologist (NR) reporting. Objective To assess whether endocrinologists (Es) can reliably measure PA T2 signal intensity by calculating inter-rater reliability between Es and NR. Methods Retrospective review of MRI in 20 patients with pituitary somatotroph macroadenoma randomly selected from an IRB-approved PA database who had preoperative MRI available. T2 MRI intensity of the solid portion of the PA was compared to the temporal gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM): hypo- (PA&lt; WM), hyper- (PA&gt; GM), and isointense (WM &lt;PA &lt;GM). Measurements were performed separately by a NR and by two Es trained to take measurements by the same NR. Statistics: SPSS 25; Cohen kappa (κ). Results Patient mean age was 47 ± 20 years, with 12 females; mean largest PA diameter was 22.6 mm (range 11-45 mm). NR measured 12 hyper-, 7 iso- and 1 hypo-intense PA. Agreement was moderate between NR and E#1 (κ 0.72, 95%CI 0.751-1.0, p&lt;0.001) and NR and E#2 (κ 0.638, 95%CI 0.351-0976, p&lt;0.001) and strong between E#1 and E#2 (κ=0.90, 95%CI 0.309-0.903, p=0.001). Hypointense PA (by NR) was read by both Es as isointense. One hyperintense PA (by NR) was read by both Es as isointense. One isointense PA was read by E#2 as hypointense. Overall adenomas were; 9 densely granulated GH, 5 sparsely granulated GH, 3 mixed GH and prolactin, 1 plurihormonal, 1 not classified, and 1 no surgical intervention. Discussion Inter-rater reliability between the 2 Es was strong, however, it was moderate between each E and the NR. Factors that likely contributed to difference in measurement are heterogeneity of the PA, MRI quality, selection bias in choosing “most appropriate” site to measure intensity of adenoma, gray and white matter. Es could be trained to interpret the T2 intensity, although reliability with NR is only moderate. Interestingly, in this sample majority of T2 PA were hyperintense, but densely granulated, suggesting that preoperative identification of densely granulated tumors, which are also predictive of favorable SRL response, might be limited. More studies are needed to assess T2 correlation with pathology. Conclusion As T2 intensity (hyper-, hypo- or iso-) on MRI might be predictive of biochemical response to medical therapy in some patients with PA, we recommend T2 intensity to be part of neuroradiology reporting protocol. Our pilot study showed that endocrinologists could read MRIs after adequate training, but there is only moderate correlation with neuroradiologists.
OR26-06 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Trial for the Improvement of Metabolism (FMT-TRIM): A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Yu Elaine Wei-Yin , Liu Gao , Stastka Petr , Cheney Michael Chadwick , Mahabamunuge Jasmin , Soto Mariam Torres , Ford Christopher B , Bryant Jessica A , Henn Matthew R , Hohmann Elizabeth L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: There is intense interest about the therapeutic potential of altering gut microbiota to improve metabolism, based primarily on intriguing animal studies. One prior trial of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in obese men found that improved metabolic response after FMT was predicted by low baseline microbiome diversity. In the current trial, we investigated the safety and efficacy of weekly oral FMT capsules to improve glycemic outcomes in obese adults, and also explored determinants of successful microbiome engraftment and metabolic improvement after FMT.
Methods: FMT-TRIM was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled pilot trial of weekly oral FMT vs placebo capsules for 6 weeks in 24 obese adults with mild-moderate insulin resistance. Each participant in the FMT arm received capsules derived from one of 4 metabolically healthy lean donors (BMI 18.5-23 kg/m2). The primary outcome was change in insulin sensitivity assessed by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp at 0 and 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included body weight, metabolic labs, and body composition assessed by DXA over 12 weeks. 16SV4 rRNA sequencing was performed to assess microbiome composition and engraftment. Post-hoc exploratory analyses investigated metabolic outcomes after stratification by baseline microbiome diversity.
Results: FMT and placebo groups were well balanced in terms of age (mean±SD 40±9 yrs), BMI (40±6 kg/m2), sex (72% female), and baseline metabolic measures. During the study, there were no statistically significant differences in insulin sensitivity between the FMT and placebo groups (+5 ± 12% FMT vs -3 ± 32% placebo, mean percent difference 9%, 95% CI -5% to 28%; p=0.16). There was a minor improvement in HbA1c at 12 weeks after FMT as compared to placebo (mean difference -0.1, 95% CI -0.3-0.01), but no significant differences in other metabolic labs, body weight, or body composition. Microbial engraftment varied by donor but was present in most FMT recipients, with persistence of engrafting strains throughout the 12-week study. Subgroup analyses of subjects with low microbiome diversity at baseline (FMT n=4, placebo n=7) showed a relative benefit of FMT over placebo at 12 weeks for HbA1c (mean difference -0.2, 95% CI -0.4 to -0.01), total cholesterol (-22 mg/dL, 95% CI -40 to -4 mg/dL), and fasting glucose (-10 mg/dL, 95% CI -19 to -1 mg/dL). There were no significant differences in adverse events between FMT and placebo groups.
Conclusion: Weekly administration of FMT capsules results in gut microbiota engraftment for at least 12 weeks but does not meaningfully alter human metabolism in an unselected population of obese adults. Future studies are needed to elucidate the role of baseline recipient microbial diversity and other factors on the impact of FMT.
Speculation
Authors: Bhattacharyya Debjani 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
From the beginning of the twentieth century, new urban housing forms, including social housing, land pooling, and building syndicates, began to emerge as products of housing rights and labor movements. Yet this emergence cannot simply be accounted for by a history of workers' rights and housing movements but must also take into consideration the political economy of land and housing created by new forms of real estate speculation. This article situates the history of urban speculation and the new fiduciary innovations pertaining to urban land and housing markets within the scholarship on the development of architectural and town-planning theories during the early decades of the twentieth century. Focusing on Calcutta and Bombay—two central cities of the British Empire—as case studies, I will trace the history of how the housing market became a tradeable object of speculation through colonial policies that disentangled housing from its singular history and abstracted it out of its nonmonetizable attachments. Indeed, it is by understanding how the land and housing market became a site for future investments and ultimately was structured through new social relations and values following World War I that we might get a fuller understanding of how we arrived at our contemporary “residential capitalism” and landscapes of accumulation and homelessness.
DECISÃO MULTICRITÉRIO DE SOFTWARE PARA ANÁLISE ECONOMÉTRICA
Authors: Serra Costa José Fabiano Da , Moreira Ana Paula Alves , Arruda Fernanda Helena Xavier de , Torquato Marina Christina De Melo 
Published: May 2020

DOI: 10.12957/cadest.2019.50420 Esse artigo apresenta uma utilização de metodologia multicritério, especificamente do método de análise hierárquica (AHP) para escolha do software mais adequado para uma empresa de porte médio que atua no mercado financeiro, para análise econométrica na área de pesquisa e estudo macroeconômico. São definidos alternativas, critérios e especialistas e, apresentados o modelo desenvolvido com os respectivos resultados e a análise de consistência, que apontaram o software matlab como o mais adequado.Palavras-chaves: AHP; Software Econométrico; Decisão Multicritério.
Ultra-fast all-optical 2-to-4 decoder based on a photonic crystal structure
Authors: Maleki M. J. , Soroosh M. , Mir A. 
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a photonic crystal structure based on nonlinear cavities has been proposed to improve the time response of a 2-to-4 decoder. The structure includes an array of chalcogenide rods with an air gap in which the spatial period of rods is 500 nm. The radius of the fundamental rods is assumed to be 125 nm, which results in a photonic bandgap of 1092–1724 nm at TM mode. Three cavities, including the nonlinear rods with a Kerr coefficient of

10

−
14

m

2

/

W

, drop the incoming waves concerning the amount of optical intensity. The finite-difference time-domain method was used to calculate the components of the electric and magnetic fields throughout the structure. The time analysis of the device shows the rise time is equal to 200 fs, which is less than one for the previous structures. The area of

110

µ

m

2

and the margins of 4% and 88% for logics 0 and 1 are other advantages of the proposed structure. Based on the obtained results, it was proven that the performance of the 2-to-4 photonic crystal-based decoder has been improved by this work.
Distributed sparse signal sensing based on compressive sensing OFDR
Authors: Qu Shuai , Qin Zengguang , Xu Yanping , Liu Zhaojun , Cong Zhenhua , Wang Heng , Li Zhao 
Published: May 2020

The maximum detectable vibration frequency of an optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) system is limited by the tunable rate of the laser source. Unlike uniform sampling with the time-resolved method, the sampling frequency is randomly modulated so that the vibration signal applied on the interrogation fiber is sampled by a multi-frequency sub-Nyquist sampling method and reconstructed by the compressive sensing technique. First, we give a full treatment to prove that the proposed method has the same performance as the conventional method. Second, in a further proof-of-concept experiment, the measurable frequency of a sparse signal is achieved up to 200 Hz with a sweeping rate of 40 nm/s. This method can recover the vibration signal with sampling rates less than that required by the Nyquist sampling theory, which is a significant step toward a high-performance OFDR system, especially for evaluating the intrinsic frequency of the object’s structural condition.
Understanding context specificity: the effect of contextual factors on clinical reasoning
Authors: Konopasky Abigail , Artino Anthony R. , Battista Alexis , Ohmer Megan , Hemmer Paul A. , Torre Dario , Ramani Divya , van Merrienboer Jeroen , Teunissen Pim W. , McBee Elexis , Ratcliffe Temple , Durning Steven J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Situated cognition theory argues that thinking is inextricably situated in a context. In clinical reasoning, this can lead to context specificity: a physician arriving at two different diagnoses for two patients with the same symptoms, findings, and diagnosis but different contextual factors (something beyond case content potentially influencing reasoning). This paper experimentally investigates the presence of and mechanisms behind context specificity by measuring differences in clinical reasoning performance in cases with and without contextual factors.

Methods
An experimental study was conducted in 2018–2019 with 39 resident and attending physicians in internal medicine. Participants viewed two outpatient clinic video cases (unstable angina and diabetes mellitus), one with distracting contextual factors and one without. After viewing each case, participants responded to six open-ended diagnostic items (e.g. problem list, leading diagnosis) and rated their cognitive load.

Results
Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) results revealed significant differences in angina case performance with and without contextual factors [Pillai’s trace = 0.72, F = 12.4, df =(6, 29), p < 0.001,

η
p
2

=
0.72

$\eta _{\rm p}^2 = 0.72$

], with follow-up univariate analyses indicating that participants performed statistically significantly worse in cases with contextual factors on five of six items. There were no significant differences in diabetes cases between conditions. There was no statistically significant difference in cognitive load between conditions.

Conclusions
Using typical presentations of common diagnoses, and contextual factors typical for clinical practice, we provide ecologically valid evidence for the theoretically predicted negative effects of context specificity (i.e. for the angina case), with large effect sizes, offering insight into the persistence of diagnostic error.
Training With Weightlifting Derivatives: The Effects of Force and Velocity Overload Stimuli
Authors: Suchomel Timothy J. , McKeever Shana M. , Comfort Paul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Suchomel, TJ, McKeever, SM, and Comfort, P. Training with weightlifting derivatives: The effects of force and velocity overload stimuli. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1808–1818, 2020—The purposes of this study were to compare the training effects of weightlifting movements performed with (CATCH) or without (PULL) the catch phase of clean derivatives performed at the same relative loads or training without the catch phase using a force- and velocity-specific overload stimulus (OL) on isometric and dynamic performance tasks. Twenty-seven resistance-trained men completed 10 weeks of training as part of the CATCH, PULL, or OL group. The CATCH group trained using weightlifting catching derivatives, while the PULL and OL groups used biomechanically similar pulling derivatives. The CATCH and PULL groups were prescribed the same relative loads, while the OL group was prescribed force- and velocity-specific loading that was exercise and phase specific. Preintervention and postintervention isometric midthigh pull (IMTP), relative one repetition maximum power clean (1RM PC), 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprint, and 505 change of direction on the right (505R) and left (505L) leg were examined. Statistically significant differences in preintervention to postintervention percent change were present for relative IMTP peak force, 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprints, and 505L (all p < 0.03), but not for relative 1RM PC or 505R (p > 0.05). The OL group produced the greatest improvements in each of the examined characteristics compared with the CATCH and PULL groups with generally moderate to large practical effects being present. Using a force- and velocity-specific overload stimulus with weightlifting pulling derivatives may produce superior adaptations in relative strength, sprint speed, and change of direction compared with submaximally loaded weightlifting catching and pulling derivatives.
Religio-politics of Islamic Group in the Contestation of 2019 Indonesian Presidential Election
Authors: Winarni Leni , Agussalim Dafri , Bagir Zainal Abidin 
Published: May 2020

In spite of the fact that Islamic identity politics is not a new theme in Indonesia, this phenomenon is increasing in the public sphere after the 1998 reform. This is marked by the frequent use of religious issues in the political contestations such as the 2017 DKI Jakarta Gubernatorial election and the 2019 Presidential election. In the DKI election, certain Islamic groups demanded Basuki Tjahaya Purnama, who from the double minority group, as a subject due to blasphemy issue. However, in 2019 Presidential election which Joko Widodo and Prabowo Subianto rematched for the second candidacy, religious issues were also raising. Political contestation continued despite the fact that the two presidential candidates are Muslim. This interesting fact certainly raises the question of the phenomenon of national politics which leads not only to the strengthening of Islamic identity politics but also the identity politicsbetween Islamic groups in Indonesia. Based on field studies, literatures and interviews, this study will discuss the construction process of the identity politics of Islamic groups against social and political reality nowadays, moreover in the 2019 Presidential Election. In contrast to the other researches that still focuses on why identity politics arises, this research will examine the construction process, moreover in the 2019 Presidential election.
Handling Covid-19 Related to Regional Security According to ASEAN Political-Security Community
Authors: Calvin Calvin 
Published: May 2020

INDONESIAN

Hadirnya COVID-19 menyebabkan kerugian yang sangat besar dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Salah satu aspek yang dimaksud adalah aspek keamanan negara, terutama di ASEAN. Hingga kini, belum ditemukan vaksin yang dapat sepenuhnya menyembuhkan COVID-19. Sehingga, tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa saja upaya penanganan yang telah dilakukan oleh negara-negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara dalam aspek keamanan negara, dan untuk mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan menurut ASEAN Political-Security Community. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif yang meneliti peraturan perundang-undangan, sumber hukum internasional, doktrin, literatur, dan media lainnya. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, anggota ASEAN telah mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan dalam upaya penanganan COVID-19 seperti: travel ban, social distancing/ physical distancing, dan lockdown. Selain itu, upaya penanganan yang telah dilakukan oleh ASEAN Political-Security Community bersifat soft law. Maka, diperlukannya itikad baik dan pengedepanan prinsip penanganan bersama dari anggota ASEAN dalam menjalankan isi dari pertemuan tersebut.
ENGLISH
The presence of COVID-19, caused enourmous losses to the society and nation in various aspects of life. One aspect which is meant is state security especially in ASEAN. Speaking of the present, no antidote has been completely found to cure COVID-19. This paper is made to find out what effort has been done by South East Asia countries in the aspect of state security, and to find out what effort has been done by ASEAN Political-Security Community. The author uses juridical-normative research method, which the author did the research based on national and international instruments of law, doctrines, literature and other medias. Based on the research results, ASEAN members has issued various policies in purpose to deal with COVID-19 such as: travel ban, social distancing/ physical distancing, and lockdown. Furthermore, all efforts made by ASEAN Political-Security Community are categorized as soft law. Therefore, it requires good faith and prioritizing the principle of shared responsibility from the members in order to carrying out the contents of the meeting.
Correlación: fuerza de tronco y composición corporal de hombres Bogotá
Authors: Uscategui Ciendua Alix Johana , Rodríguez Peña Jaime Orlando , Gutiérrez Galvis Adriana Rocio 
Published: May 2020

La investigación estableció la correlación entre las variables de fuerza de tronco en flexión y la composición corporal en hombres de Bogotá, el estudio fue realizado en el laboratorio de investigación del Centro de Formación en Actividad Física y Cultura SENA, donde participaron voluntariamente 41 hombres con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 30 años (m= 23.44 + 5.81), con enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo, transversal de alcance correlacional. La evaluación de la composición corporal se aplico el método de análisis de impedancia bioélectrica (BIA), con la báscula TANITA Fit Scan BC-585F y la valoración de la fuerza abdominal se utilizó el equipo de laboratorio Torso Check (Moreau, Green, Johnson & Moreau, 2001); el análisis estadístico se utilizo el software SPSS® (versión 24.0 IBM para Windows), la prueba de distribución normal Kolmogorov Smirnov. Se empleó la prueba de correlación de Pearson para establecer las relaciones entre las variables del estudio. Se fijó el nivel de significancia de p < 0,05. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existe una correlación negativa moderada evidenciada entre el % de masa grasa y la fuerza de flexión del tronco, indicando que a mayor % graso menor fuerza abdominal en flexión. Se recomienda incluir en los programas de ejercicios enfocados en el fortalecimiento del Core.
Affine differential geometry of osculating hypersurfaces
Authors: Navickis Kazimieras 
Published: May 2020

Osculating surfaces of second order have been studied in classical affine differential geometry [1]. In this article we generalize this notion to osculating hypersurfaces of higher order of hypersurfaces in Euclidean n-space. Various geometric interpretations are given. This yields a affinely invariant consideration of the local properties of a given hypersurface which depend on the derivatives of higher order.
A new species of Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae) from the south-east of Ecuador
Authors: Baquero Luis E. , Fierro Minda Alison , Yeager Justin 
Published: May 2020

Porroglossum marcojimeneziorum, a new species of subtribe Pleurothallidinae, was discovered in Zamora Chinchipe province (South-East Ecuador) which is described here, including information about its phenology and ecology. Porroglossum marcojimeneziorum is compared with its most similar species, P. hirtzii, from which it differs by producing smaller flowers; the shortly-pubescent, triangular-ovate, obtuse lateral sepals and the blade of the lip obovate transversely expanded.
Key words: Porroglossum marcojimeneziorum, Porroglossum hirtzii, Zamora Chinchipe
Prediction of tensile strength of sawn timber: definitions and performance of indicating properties based on surface laser scanning and dynamic excitation
Authors: Briggert Andreas , Olsson Anders , Oscarsson Jan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe presence of wood irregularities such as knots are decisive for the mechanical properties of sawn timber, and efficient utilisation of timber requires methods by which grade determining properties can be predicted with high accuracy. In the glulam and sawmilling industries today, there is a potential and a need for more accurate prediction methods. This paper concerns the performance of a set of indicating properties calculated by means of data from surface laser scanning, dynamic excitation and X-ray scanning, the latter used to obtain boards’ average density. A total number of 967 boards of Norway spruce originating from Finland, Norway and Sweden were used to determine statistical relationships between the indicating properties and the grade determining properties used to grade sawn timber into T-classes. Results show that the indicating properties give coefficients of determination to tensile strength as high as 0.70. Furthermore, results also show that laser scanning of boards with sawn surface finish give basis for almost as accurate grading as what scanning of planed boards do. The results imply that more accurate grading of timber into T-classes is possible by application of a new set of indicating properties. This paper is part one of a series of two papers. In the second paper, two models to derive settings and calculate yield in different strength classes using the indicating properties presented herein are compared and discussed.