bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quark mass function at finite density in real-time formalism
Authors: Tanaka Hidekazu , Sasagawa Shuji 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Chiral symmetry restoration of quarks is investigated at finite density in quantum chromodynamics. The critical chemical potentials at zero temperature, in which the chiral symmetry is restored, are calculated with the Schwinger-Dyson equation in the real-time formalism without the instantaneous exchange approximation. We present some properties of the quark mass functions and the quark propagators.
How Important Are Inflation Expectations for the Nominal Yield Curve?
Authors: Gomez-Cram Roberto , Yaron Amir 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMacrofinance term structure models rely too heavily on the volatility of expected inflation news as a source for variations in nominal bond yield shocks. We develop and estimate a model featuring inflation nonneutrality and preference shocks. The stochastic volatility of inflation and consumption govern bond risk premiums movements, whereas preference shocks generate fluctuations in real rates. The model accounts for key bond market features without resorting to an overly dominating expected inflation channel. The estimation shows that preference shocks are strongly negatively correlated with market distress factors and that real rate news is the dominant driver of nominal yield shocks.
Quality metrics of screening colonoscopies performed by PAs
Authors: Fejleh M. Phillip , Shen Ching-Chieh , Chen Jacqueline , Bushong Joseph A. , Dieckgraefe Brian K. , Sayuk Gregory S. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Many communities face a shortage of qualified endoscopists. Training physician assistants (PAs) to perform colonoscopies can expand the availability of colorectal cancer screening. This study examined screening colonoscopy metrics and quality indicators among gastroenterologists, supervised PAs, and gastroenterology fellows.

Methods:
Consecutive patients undergoing average-risk screening colonoscopy were stratified into one of three groups by endoscopist type. Procedure and pathology reports were reviewed for the technical performance and quality metrics of the providers.

Results:
PAs performed comparably to gastroenterologists in technical performance and quality metrics, and demonstrated higher cecal intubation rates than their gastroenterologist colleagues. Comparisons of attending physicians and PAs grouped by years of experience also did not show notable differences in performance.

Conclusions:
In a supervised practice, PAs performed on par with their gastroenterology colleagues on established colonoscopy quality indicators. Following proper training, PAs can be employed in the provision of screening colonoscopy.
CE: Acute Care for Patients with Dementia
Authors: Zonsius Mary C. , Cothran Fawn A. , Miller Joanne M. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT:
Among adults ages 65 and older, dementia doubles the risk of hospitalization. Roughly one in four hospitalized patients has dementia, and the prevalence of dementia in the United States is rising rapidly. Patients with dementia have significantly higher rates of hospital-acquired complications, including urinary tract infections, pressure injuries, pneumonia, and delirium, which when unrecognized and untreated can accelerate physical and cognitive decline, precipitating nursing home placement and death. The authors discuss the unique needs of patients with dementia who require acute care, highlighting evidence-based strategies for nurses to incorporate into practice.
Social Mission Metrics: Developing a Survey to Guide Health Professions Schools
Authors: Batra Sonal , Orban Julie , Guterbock Thomas M. , Butler Leigh Anne , Mullan Fitzhugh 
Published: March 2020

The social mission, which is focused on advancing social justice and health equity, has gained recognition as an important aspect of health professions education. However, there is currently no established method to measure a school’s commitment to these activities. In this Perspective, the authors describe the development of a new tool to measure the social mission at dental, medical, and nursing schools across the United States, and they reflect on the implications of using this tool to deepen discussions around the social mission and strengthen progress toward health equity.
From 2016 to 2019, the authors created and field tested the online social mission metrics survey for health professions schools to identify their level of engagement in social mission activities, track that level over time, and compare their progress with that of other schools. The survey measures a school’s social mission values, programs, and activities across 6 domains and 18 activity areas. The authors also developed a scoring system based on stakeholder priorities, which they used to provide customized, confidential feedback to the schools that participated in the field tests.
Going forward, the authors recommend that schools complete the survey every 3 to 5 years to track their social mission over time, and they plan to expand the survey process to additional dental, medical, and nursing schools as well as to schools in other health professions. The social mission metrics survey is meant to be a useful tool for improving the level and quality of social mission engagement at health professions schools, with the goal of improving the awareness, skills, and commitment of health professionals to health equity.
A Novel Arthroscopic-assisted Repair of Palmer 1B Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Tears: Early Results
Authors: Kelsheimer Alexander J. , Timmermann Anne P. , Howard Richard F. 
Published: March 2020

Introduction:
Ulnar-sided wrist pain is a common and complex complaint. One common diagnosis is an injury to the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC). An essential and stabilizing component of the TFCC is the foveal insertion. Multiple open, arthroscopic, and combination techniques have been described with successful outcomes. Our novel technique refines previously described techniques and takes advantage of modern technology.

Materials and Methods:
All patients underwent the novel technique, which was performed by a fellowship-trained hand surgeon. A retrospective chart review was performed and 13 patients met the inclusion criteria. Information on patient age, sex, surgery side and preoperative and postoperative Quick-Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores were collected.

Results:
Patients averaged 39.69±13.95 years and were followed for a mean of 15.38 weeks. The mean preoperative Quick-DASH scores were 20.38±8.23 and postoperatively were 16.85±10.33. There was no significant improvement in Quick-DASH scores postoperatively.

Discussion:
Our arthroscopic-assisted ulnar tunnel repair offers a novel technique for foveal TFCC repairs that avoids some of the traditional complications of an open repair or knotted suture repair, is reproducible and offers the added strength of modern suture anchors with ligament to bone healing. The lack of significant improvement in postoperative outcomes was limited by the small population and short postoperative follow-up.
Outcomes and the Role of Primary Histology Following LINAC-based Stereotactic Radiation for Sarcoma Brain Metastases
Authors: Sim Austin J. , Ahmed Kamran A. , Keller Andrew , Figura Nicholas B. , Oliver Daniel E. , Sarangkasiri Siriporn , Robinson Timothy J. , Johnstone Peter A.S. , Yu Hsiang-Hsuan Michael , Naghavi Arash O. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives:
The brain is a rare site for sarcoma metastases. Sarcoma’s radioresistance also makes standard whole-brain radiotherapy less appealing. We hypothesize that stereotactic radiation techniques (stereotactic radiosurgery [SRS]/stereotactic fractionated radiotherapy [FSRT]) may provide effective local control.

Materials and Methods:
This single-institution retrospective analysis evaluated our experience with linear acceleator-based SRS/FSRT for sarcoma brain metastases. Time to event analysis was estimated via Kaplan-Meier. Univariable/multivariable Cox regression analyses followed to assess the impact of patient and disease characteristics on outcomes.

Results:
Between 2003 and 2018, 24 patients were treated with 34 courses of SRS/FSRT to 58 discrete lesions. The median age at first treatment was 57 years (range: 25 to 87 y). Majority of patients had concurrent lung metastases (n=21; 88%), diagnosed spindle cell sarcoma (n=15; 25%) or leiomyosarcoma (n=12; 21%) histology, and were treated with either SRS (n=43; median dose=19 Gy, range: 15 to 24 Gy) or FSRT (n=17; 3/5 fractions, median dose=25 Gy, range: 25 to 35 Gy). With a median follow-up after brain metastasis of 7.3 months, the 6 month/12 month local control, distant brain control, and overall survival of 89%/89%, 59%/34%, and 50%/38%, respectively. All local failures were of primary spindle cell histology (P<0.001), which was associated with poorer distant control (hazard ratio=25.8, 95% confidence interval: 3.1-536.4; P=0.003) on univariable analysis, and OS (hazard ratio=7.1, 95% confidence interval: 2.0-26.1; P=0.003) on multivariable analysis.

Conclusions:
This is the largest patient cohort with sarcoma brain metastases treated with SRS/FSRT, it provides durable local control, despite a reputation for radioresistance. Further prospective evidence is required to determine the impact of primary histology on control and survival following brain metastasis diagnosis.
The accuracy of ascites cytology in diagnosis of advanced ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Baransi Saher , Michaan Nadav , Gortzak-Uzan Limor , Aizic Asaf , Laskov Ido , Gamzu Ronni , Grisaru Dan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the accuracy of ascites cytology in the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer among postmenopausal women.Methods:Ascites samples of women older than 51 years sent for cytology evaluation at our institution between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively compared to final histology. The sensitivity, specificity, negative, and positive predictive values were calculated. Immunohistochemistry stain results were collected to determine diagnostic profiles.Results:A total of 551 patients, 51 years and over had both cytology and diagnostic histology samples. Of those, 161 patients had pathology confirmed ovarian tumors, 155 of which were malignant. Of the 155 cases of ovarian cancer, 125 patients had malignant cells on cytology examination (true positive); in 30 cases, ascites was negative for malignancy (false negative). In six cases both ascites and final pathology were negative for malignancy (true negative). There were no cases of positive cytology and negative final pathology (ie, no false-positive cases). The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value for cytology diagnosis of ovarian cancer were 80.6%, 100%, 100%, and 16.7%, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was done on cell blocks in 79 cases of ovarian cancer, 75 (94.9%) had profiles diagnostic for ovarian origin.Conclusions:Ascites cytology for postmenopausal women older than 51 years with immunohistochemistry is highly accurate in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be safely prescribed based on paracentesis evaluations.Video Summary:http://links.lww.com/MENO/A570.
Depression, hormone therapy, and the menopausal transition among women aged 45 to 64 years using Canadian Longitudinal Study on aging baseline data
Authors: Shea Alison K. , Sohel Nazmul , Gilsing Anne , Mayhew Alexandra J. , Griffith Lauren E. , Raina Parminder 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective:
To investigate the association between menopausal status, hormone therapy (HT) use and the presence of depressive symptoms among middle-aged women in Canada.

Methods:
Cross-sectional baseline data from 13,216 women aged 45 to 64 years from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) was used. The association between menopausal status (pre- vs postmenopausal) and self-reported symptoms of depression based on a score of 10 or more on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale-10 was assessed using logistic regression. Use and duration of use of HT, time since menopause, age at onset of menopause, and socioeconomic status and other contextual variables were explored for the association with depression.

Results:
Overall, 18.4% of middle-aged women in the CLSA data were identified as depressed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale-10. Based on the logistic regression models, women reporting premature menopause (before the age of 40 years) and postmenopausal women currently using HT had 1.45 (1.07-1.97) and 1.21 (1.02-1.44) greater odds of having depression. Chi-square analyses showed that women with depressive symptoms were more likely to have low education, low household incomes, live alone, be nulliparous, and have low social support.

Conclusions:
Our findings highlight the association between depression and premature menopause among midlife women. Current HT use may be a proxy for more severe menopausal vasomotor symptoms, a known risk factor for depressive symptoms. Identification of risk factors, including social determinants of health, age at menopause, and menopausal symptoms can help guide clinicians when assessing mental health.

Video Summary:
http://links.lww.com/MENO/A576.
Intra-abdominal Lymph Nodes: A Privileged Donor Site for Vascularized Lymph Node Transfer
Authors: Chu Carrie K. , Schaverien Mark V. , Chang Edward I. , Hanson Summer E. , Hanasono Matthew M. , Selber Jesse C. 
Published: March 2020

Summary:
A variety of donor options for vascularized lymph node transfer for the surgical treatment of lymphedema have been described. Intra-abdominal harvest sites including the gastroepiploic nodes within the omental flap and the mesenteric node flap are distinguished from their extra-abdominal counterparts by the absent risk of iatrogenic donor site lymphedema and discrete scar location, as well as the ability to harvest up to 3 vascularized nodal packets from 1 donor site. However, there are also potential morbidities including hernia and intra-abdominal visceral injuries. Patient selection and flap harvest techniques are reviewed.
Craniosynostosis in an Indian Scenario: A Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Sharma Ramesh Kumar 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Craniofacial surgery as a subspecialty has finally taken off in India. Young plastic surgeons in the early 1990s became fascinated by its enormous scope. The author was also among the lucky ones to be trained in this field with Dr. Ian Jackson at the Craniofacial Center at Southfield, Michigan, from 1993-1994. This facility for craniofacial surgery was established in the North Indian tertiary care hospital at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, in 1995.

Methods:
We have reviewed the outcomes of management of craniosynostosis patients and evaluated changes in these outcomes as the experience was gained. The study is a retrospective chart review of the 169 patients operated on for various craniosyntoses in the hospital, for the last 25 years from January 1995 to July 2019.

Results:
The whole spectrum of craniosynostoses patients have been operated on and followed up for up to 20 years. All the patients underwent open surgery involving fronto-orbital advancement and remodelling of the deformed calvarium. It was noted that all the syndromic patients required more than one operation, whereas the non-syndromic patients had a stable result after a single surgery. Craniofacial surgery has now truly arrived in India. Our experience with management of craniosynostosis at PGIMER, Chandigarh, has shown an acceptable morbidity and mortality which is at par with the global standards.
A Bilobed Pedicled Groin Flap for Reconstruction of Forearm Skin Defects following Replantation
Authors: Hayashi Kota , Hattori Yasunori , Sem Sei Haw , Sakamoto Sotetsu , Doi Kazuteru 
Published: March 2020

Summary:
The versatility of a pedicled groin flap can be further increased by raising it in a bilobed fashion. This allows the flap to cover both the volar and dorsal surfaces of a hand or forearm defect. A 48-year-old man sustained an avulsion amputation of his right forearm by a rolling machine in a workplace accident. Replantation of the right forearm was performed, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Unfortunately, the wound healing was complicated by circumferential marginal skin necrosis, which was confined to the distal forearm. A bilobed pedicled groin flap was performed for the wound coverage because reconstruction with a free flap would be very risky as the vessels were avulsed from the proximal part of the forearm. A good functional recovery of the hand and fingers was noted at 12 months’ follow-up. The advantages of a bilobed pedicle groin flap are that it allows coverage of both the volar and dorsal surfaces at one setting and primary closure of the donor site is possible. Furthermore, a long tube-shaped pedicle in this flap can reduce the patient discomfort and prevent finger stiffness by allowing a range of motion exercise. In conclusion, the bilobed pedicled groin flap is a useful option to cover soft tissue defects involving both the volar and dorsal surfaces over the mid- to distal forearm, especially when the free flap is contraindicated.
High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment in Moderate Glaucoma Patients: Results of a 2-Year Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Leshno Ari , Rubinstein Yair , Singer Reut , Sher Ifat , Rotenstreich Ygal , Melamed Shlomo , Skaat Alon 
Published: March 2020

Precis:
Ultrasound Cyclo Plasty (UCP) treatment using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an effective and safe therapy to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in moderate glaucoma patients as was measured during a 2-year follow-up period.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of the UCP procedure using HIFU in moderate glaucoma patients.

Patients and Methods:
A prospective interventional noncomparative study was carried out. Fifteen patients (15 eyes) with moderate open-angle glaucoma were enrolled. All eyes were treated with UCP-HIFU. A thorough ophthalmic examination and IOP measurements were performed before the UCP-HIFU procedure and at 1 day, 1 week, 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after the procedure. The primary outcome was defined as a surgical success (IOP reduction of 20% or ≥5 mm Hg) at the last follow-up visit. The secondary outcomes were the mean IOP at each follow-up visit, number of medications used, complications profile, and reinterventions.

Results:
The mean preoperative IOP at baseline was 26.8±5.0 mm Hg. All patients had a positive response and a lower IOP after treatment, with a relatively stable 31% reduction in IOP during the follow-up period. A significant reduction in IOP was observed at all postprocedure examination points (P<0.01), with a mean 17.6±4.4 mm Hg at 2 years after the procedure (P=0.005). Surgical success was achieved in 87% of the patients at their last follow-up visit. There was a nonsignificant decrease in the mean number of glaucoma medications from 2.5±0.8 to 2.0±1.0 at 2 years (P=0.48). No major intraoperative or postoperative complications were noted.

Conclusion:
UCP-HIFU treatment is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated method to reduce IOP in patients with moderate glaucoma.
Seizure incidence of angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Jeon Jin Pyeong , Kim Sung-Eun , Chai Chung Liang , Hong Eun Pyo , Yang Jin Seo , Kang Suk Hyung , Choi Hyuk Jai , Cho Yong Jun 
Published: March 2020

Background:
To provide updated information on seizure events and patterns in patients with angiogram-negative subarachnoid hemorrhage based on the initial hemorrhage patterns: perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (PMH) vs non-PMH.

Methods:
A review of online database literature from January 1990 to November 2017 was systematically performed. In case of heterogeneity <50%, a fixed effect model was used. Publication bias was determined using Begg funnel plot and the trim-and-fill method.

Results:
A total of 9 studies with 645 patients were included for final analysis after excluding one study without any seizure within either cohort. PMH patients had lower seizure rates (odds ratio, 0.393; 95% CI, 0.158–0.978) compared with non-PMH patients. The funnel plot showed a relatively asymmetric pattern, suggesting possible publication bias. After correction of the forest plot, the adjusted odds ratio was 0.362 (95% CI, 0.148–0.886), indicating significant relationships between PMH and lower incidence of seizure.

Conclusion:
PMH is associated with lower seizure risk than non-PMH. However, possible publication bias could be a concern to the interpretation. Additional meta-analyses based on individual patient data from prospective large-scale studies are necessary.
The relationship between C-reactive protein, carbohydrate antigen 125, and hematological parameters to endometriotic nodule localization in pelvis
Authors: Topdagi Yilmaz Emsal Pinar , Topdagi Yunus Emre , Al Ragip Atakan , Kumtepe Yakup 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Endometriosis is a pelvic inflammatory process, and hormonal, environmental, and genetic factors play a role in its etiopathogenesis; especially, deep pelvic endometriosis exhibits an extensive anatomical distribution. In the present study, we evaluated the contribution of routinely measured hematological parameters to the diagnosis as the number of endometriotic nodule localization increases, when evaluated with C-reactive protein (CRP) and carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125.

Methods:
The present study included patients with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of endometriosis who underwent surgery at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2018. Their medical records were examined retrospectively.

Results:
In total, 205 patients were included in the study, of which 129 patients (62.9%) with ovarian endometrioma and 76 patients (37.1%) with deep infiltrative endometriosis were assigned to Group 1 and Group 2, respectively, and the two groups were compared. Endometriotic nodules were observed in several localizations in 71 patients (34.6%) of the 205 patients with endometriosis. Pelvic nodules were grouped as per their four different localizations: uterosacral, recto-vaginal, bladder, and ureteral. Because the anatomical localization of endometriotic nodules increased in the pelvis, the variability in the levels of CA 125 and CRP as well as hematological parameters was examined. There were significant differences in hemoglobin (p < 0.036), CA 125 (p < 0.000), and CRP (p < 0.007) levels between patients with nodules in ≤2 localizations and those with nodules in ≥3 localizations.

Conclusion:
Our study included a total of 205 patients. There was a significant difference in the CRP, CA 125, and hemoglobin levels between Group 1 and Group 2, but it was concluded that coexistence of the endometriotic nodule had no effect on the other hematological parameters. For this purpose, prospective studies with a larger number of patients are needed.