bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Composition and Technologies of Dental Film with
Ketorolac Trometamine
Authors: Bakhrushina Elena O. , Demina Natalia B. , Kashperko Alena S. , Vakina Marina G. , Anurova Maria N. , Zhilyakova Elena T. , Krasnyuk Ivan I. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe report presents the results of the development of dental films with
ketorolac trometamine based on the natural biodegradable polymers from the
groups of sodium alginates and xanthan gums in combination with lightly
crosslinked acrylic polymer carbopol. Physicochemical properties, such as
moisture, mucoadhesion, thickness, tensile strength, disintegration in
phosphate buffer were determined in obtained samples of this dosage form. A
comparison of physicochemical properties of experimental samples and
commercial model of dental film has allowed establishing the perspective
composition of complex matrix of films with ketorolac trometamine for use in
dentistry.
Design and applications of graphene-based flexible and wearable physical sensing devices
Authors: Li Xinming , Chai Yang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The rise of human–machine interaction and the internet of things technology requires the development of functionalized sensors that are mechanically flexible and fabulously wearable. Therefore, the emergence of new materials and devices is particularly important for technology design and development. Graphene has the atomically level thickness, mechanical flexibility, lightweights, and high conductivity and transparency. Especially, the large specific area of graphene enables the perception of external stimuli with high sensitivity, which is expected to be used in flexible sensor technology. In this review, we will introduce the research progress of graphene in flexible physical signal sensors, including the device structure design and the applications of these devices in wearable technology. We will overview the development of new directions of sensors, such as miniaturization, intelligence, and multi-modal. We will also focus on the latest technical progress of related sensing devices and point out the challenges and directions of future development of wearable sensors.
Chronic ischaemic heart disease and rivaroxaban: which patients derive the greatest benefit?
Authors: Bolognese Leonardo , Felici Massimo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Patients with established cardiovascular (CV) disease may suffer further CV events, despite receiving optimal medical treatment. Although platelet inhibition plays a central role in the prevention of new events, the use of anticoagulant therapies to reduce events in atheromatous disease has, until recently, been overlooked. The recent Rivaroxaban for the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Coronary or Peripheral Artery Disease (COMPASS) trial showed that rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily given with low-dose aspirin reduces the incidence of the composite endpoint of stroke, heart attack, and death in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Although there are some limitations to the study, COMPASS offers promising conclusions and may change secondary prevention in patients with stable CV disease. This article reviews the results of the COMPASS study and how these results may affect patient management in everyday clinical practice.
New interventional solutions in calcific coronary atherosclerosis: drill, laser, shock waves
Authors: Laricchia Alessandra , Colombo Antonio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the percutaneous treatment of coronary stenoses, it is essential to take into account the presence of calcifications as this influences the short- and long-term post-procedural outcomes. Today in the catheterization laboratory, there are several tools for the treatment of calcium; exploiting the different operating mechanisms, possibly even combining them together, is part of a modern approach to coronary angioplasty that aims to optimize results. To this end, each procedure must be properly planned and, in this perspective, intracoronary imaging (such as optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound) is an essential aid to guide the procedure and show results.
Atrial fibrillation and ischaemic heart disease: should we use acetylsalicylic acid beside anticoagulants?
Authors: Volpe Massimo , Gallo Giovanna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Coexistence of atrial fibrillation and ischaemic heart disease is very common and patients affected by these conditions are exposed to both a high ischaemic and haemorrhagic risk. The choice of an appropriate combination of anticoagulant therapy with single or dual antiplatelet treatment is indeed one of the most relevant and contemporary challenges in clinical practice. Several studies and meta-analyses pointed out that 1 year after an acute coronary syndrome or percutaneous revascularization, the use of the sole anticoagulant therapy is not associated with increased risk of major cardiovascular events, whereas there is a substantial reduction of clinical significant bleeding events, as compared to patients treated also with antiplatelet medications. However, there are no clear-cut data regarding the possibility to implement this strategy in each patient, regardless the cardiovascular risk class. Furthermore, for patients requiring a combined anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatment, the available data seem to favour an association of direct anticoagulant and inhibitors of P2Y12, rather than regimens including aspirin. These data are derived mainly from observational studies, with all their limitations. The use of aspirin could be beneficial in patients with significant comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, or with severe peripheral atherosclerotic disease, involving the carotids and other large arteries.
Vascular dysfunction promotes regional hypoxia after bevacizumab therapy in recurrent glioblastoma patients
Authors: Gerstner Elizabeth R , Emblem Kyrre E , Yen Yi-Fen , Dietrich Jorg , Jordan Justin T , Catana Ciprian , Wenchin Kevin Lou , Hooker Jacob M , Duda Dan G , Rosen Bruce R , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Jain Rakesh K , Batchelor Tracy T 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundHypoxia is a driver of treatment resistance in glioblastoma. Antiangiogenic agents may transiently normalize blood vessels and decrease hypoxia before excessive pruning of vessels increases hypoxia. The time window of normalization is dose and time dependent. We sought to determine how VEGF blockade with bevacizumab modulates tumor vasculature and the impact that those vascular changes have on hypoxia in recurrent glioblastoma patients.MethodsWe measured tumor volume, vascular permeability (Ktrans), perfusion parameters (cerebral blood flow/volume, vessel caliber, and mean transit time), and regions of hypoxia in patients with recurrent glioblastoma before and after treatment with bevacizumab alone or with lomustine using [18F]FMISO PET-MRI. We also examined serial changes in plasma biomarkers of angiogenesis and inflammation.ResultsEleven patients were studied. The magnitude of global tumor hypoxia was variable across these 11 patients prior to treatment and it did not significantly change after bevacizumab. The hypoxic regions had an inefficient vasculature characterized by elevated cerebral blood flow/volume and increased vessel caliber. In a subset of patients, there were tumor subregions with decreased mean transit times and a decrease in hypoxia, suggesting heterogeneous improvement in vascular efficiency. Bevacizumab significantly changed known pharmacodynamic biomarkers such as plasma VEGF and PlGF.ConclusionsThe vascular signature in hypoxic tumor regions indicates a disorganized vasculature which, in most tumors, does not significantly change after bevacizumab treatment. While some tumor regions showed improved vascular efficiency following treatment, bevacizumab did not globally alter hypoxia or normalize tumor vasculature in glioblastoma.
The Process of Creating and Disseminating Exercise Programs by Physical Therapists for Older Adults With Chronic Back Pain
Authors: Hay Melissa E , Connelly Denise M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to enhance the understanding of the process that physical therapists undertake when creating and disseminating exercise programs for older adults with chronic backpain.

Methods
Constructivist grounded theory methodology was used as an accessible mode of researching pragmatic clinical practices. Physical therapists from outpatient, ambulatory care clinic settings participated in in-depth, individual interviews (n = 9) and in-clinic observations (n = 5). Data collection and analysis were iterative processes. Codes were generated based on recurrent themes, and constant comparative analysis was used to compare data. Analysis and data collection were concluded when theoretical sufficiency was reached.

Results
Physical therapist participants described the process of creating and implementing exercise plans as involving listening to the patient’s story, determining function, physical therapy care, supported integration, and, ultimately, returning back to living and life with chronic back pain. Participants worked through the 5 phases at different rates, often recurrently, when treating older adults with chronic back pain. The phases are positioned within a shared alliance between physical therapy provider and patient, with a transfer of responsibility occurring throughout treatment and follow-up sessions, progressing toward patient independence. This transfer of responsibility served as the core category for the process herein.

Conclusions
This research highlights the importance of listening to patients’ stories when engaging in physical therapy care. Focusing on function, providing education and exercise as components of care, and supporting integration of exercise into everyday life are considerations for providing care for older adults with chronic back pain in physical therapist practice and, ultimately, for returning tolife.

Impact
With aging populations and with the increasing prevalence of chronic conditions, this research offers insight into a process for physical therapists to enact exercise engagement for improved health and quality of life for older adults with chronic backpain.
Variation Margins, Fire Sales, and Information-constrained Optimality
Authors: Biais Bruno , Heider Florian , Hoerova Marie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to share risk, protection buyers trade derivatives with protection sellers. Protection sellers’ actions affect the riskiness of their assets, which can create counterparty risk. Because these actions are unobservable, moral hazard limits risk sharing. To mitigate this problem, privately optimal derivative contracts involve variation margins. When margins are called, protection sellers must liquidate some assets, depressing asset prices. This tightens the incentive constraints of other protection sellers and reduces their ability to provide insurance. Despite this fire-sale externality, equilibrium is information-constrained efficient. Investors, who benefit from buying assets at fire-sale prices, optimally supply insurance against the risk of fire sales.
A 10-Year Retrospective Study of Postdural Puncture Headache in 32,655 Obstetric Patients
Authors: Costa A.C. , Satalich J.R. , Al-Bizri E. , Shodhan S. , Romeiser J.L. , Adsumelli R. , Abola R.E. , Steinberg E.S. , Bennett-Guerrero E. 
Published: November 2020

(Can J Anaesth. 2019;66:1464–1471)
The use of neuraxial analgesia for labor and cesarean delivery anesthesia has increased over the past 30 years. A common complication of neuraxial blockade is accidental dural puncture (ADP) and the development of a postdural puncture headache (PDPH). Women who develop a PDPH may have debilitating symptoms which can interfere with their ability to care for their neonates. Furthermore, ADP and PDPH may result in chronic headaches or even more severe morbidity such as a subdural hematoma. PDPH can result in delays in hospital discharge for patients. The most reliable treatment for PDPH remains the epidural blood patch (EBP). The primary aim of this study was to describe the incidence of ADP as well as the rates of PDPH and EBP in parturients who had a neuraxial block during their delivery over a 10-year period. Secondarily, the authors examined delays in hospital discharge related to PDPH.
The Impact of Occupational Activities During Pregnancy on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Cai C. , Vandermeer B. , Khurana R. , Nerenberg K. , Featherstone R. , Sebastianski M. , Davenport M.H. 
Published: November 2020

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;222:224–238)
Over the past several decades, there has been an increase in the proportion of women who work. Some evidence suggests that adverse pregnancy outcomes including miscarraige and preterm delivery may be associated with physically demanding work during pregnancy, but previous systematic reviews have not found conclusive evidence for or against this association. This review aimed to evaluate the impact of physically demanding work on pregnancy outcomes and to establish a dose-response relationship between volumes of physically demanding occupational activities and pregnancy outcomes.
Trends in Postpartum Hemorrhage in the United States From 2010 to 2014
Authors: Reale S.C. , Easter S.R. , Xu X. , Bateman B.T. , Farber M.K. 
Published: November 2020

(Anesth Analg. 2020;130:e119–e122)
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), an important source of maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States, increased 27.5% from 1995 to 2004 (with the main cause being rising rates of uterine atony). Improvement initiatives such as protocol dissemination, transfusion guideline creation, blood loss quantification, simulation development, and predelivery risk stratification all play a role in fighting against this largely preventable cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate PPH trends such as frequency, etiology, and associated maternal morbidity to further these improvement initiatives.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: Responding to a Rapidly Evolving Situation
Authors: Rasmussen S.A. , Jamieson D.J. 
Published: November 2020

(Obstet Gynecol. 2020;135:999–1002)
In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown etiology emerged in Wuhan, China. It was discovered in early January 2020 that the causative pathogen was a novel coronavirus, later named SARS-CoV-2. By March 11, 2020, the virus had spread globally and the World Health Organization declared a pandemic. As the situation with the novel coronavirus rapidly evolves, there are many key questions that remain to be answered about the disease and how it affects pregnant women and their neonates. This commentary aims to summarize key questions and available data, and makes relevant recommendations to obstetricians and their pregnant patients.
Perinatal Outcomes Following Bariatric Surgery Between a First and Second Pregnancy: A Population Data Linkage Study
Authors: Ibiebele I. , Gallimore F. , Schnitzler M. , Torvaldsen S. , Ford J.B. 
Published: November 2020

(BJOG. 2020;127:345–354)
Obesity in women of reproductive age and pregnant women is a risk factor for maternal and neonatal morbidities, including fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes, and childhood obesity. Bariatric surgery is a successful long-term solution to treat obesity and its comorbidities, and, as rates of both obesity and bariatric surgery rise, is an increasingly important consideration in reproductive health care. While other studies have assessed pregnancy outcomes after bariatric surgery, this study examined differences in perinatal outcomes for women who had bariatric surgery between their first and second pregnancies and those who did not. Further, the study assessed trends in bariatric surgery as well as characteristics of women having bariatric surgery.
The Effect of Cognitive Aid Design on the Perceived Usability of Critical Event Cognitive Aids
Authors: Clebone A. , Burian B.K. , Tung A. 
Published: November 2020

(Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2020;64:378–384)
Although cognitive aids have been developed to facilitate a consistent, organized response during high stress and time-sensitive situations, they are not always utilized—potentially because they are perceived as difficult to use by clinicians. This study aimed to assess the usability of critical event cognitive aids designed to transfer discrete information in comparison to “step-by-step” linear cognitive aids that list recommended actions.
Infrared Thermography to Assess Dermatomal Levels of Labor Epidural Analgesia With 1 mg/mL Ropivacaine Plus 0.5 mg/mL Sufentanil: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bouvet L. , Roukhomovsky M. , Desgranges F.P. , Allaouchiche B. , Chassard D. 
Published: November 2020

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2020;41:53–58)
Epidural analgesia is considered the gold standard for labor analgesia. However, there are times when this technique fails to provide adequate analgesia and inadequate and/or failed epidural analgesia predicts failed conversion to anesthesia for cesarean delivery. The effectiveness of epidural analgesia can be determined early via verbal pain scores and testing the upper limit of the sensory block using cold sensation. Unfortunately, these methods are relatively subjective and can be unreliable. Thus, an objective tool for assessment of epidural spread of local anesthetic would be invaluable. This preliminary cohort study aimed to assess whether lumbar epidural analgesia brought forth significant change in cutaneous temperature (as measured by infrared thermography). In addition, the study also assessed whether the use of infrared thermography could aid in the prediction of failed epidural analgesia.
Motherhood and Anesthesiology: A Survey of the American Society of Anesthesiologists
Authors: Kraus M.B. , Dexter F. , Patel P.V. , Dodd S.E. , Thomson H.M. , Girardo M.E. , Hertzberg L.B. , Pearson A.C.S. 
Published: November 2020

(Anesth Analg. 2020;130:1296–1302)
Over the last 2 decades, rates of women entering medical school have risen to near parity with men. However, despite gender equivalence in medical school enrollment, rates of female anesthesiologists lag severely behind. Though data are lacking in anesthesiology, causes of the leadership and specialty gaps for surgical residencies have been reviewed in recent publications, finding potential deterrents such as changing career plans due to motherhood, lack of formally institutionalized maternity leave policies, gender discrimination, perceived stigma associated with pregnancy, and perceived incompatibility of surgery with rewarding family life. In congruence with these findings for surgery, a study of major medical specialties determined anesthesiology to have the highest rate of maternal discrimination. The aim of this study was to survey women members of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) to better understand motherhood-related factors associated with women’s likelihood to recommend against a career in anesthesiology.
Maternal Age and Risk of Cesarean Section in Women With Induced Labor at Term—A Nordic Register-based Study
Authors: Bergholt T. , Skjeldestad F. , Pyykönen A. , Rasmussen S. , Tapper A. , Bjarnadóttir R. , Smárason A. , Másdóttir B. , Klungsøyr K. , Albrechtsen S. , Källén K. , Gissler M. , Løkkegaard E. 
Published: November 2020

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020;99:283–289)
Following a decades-long upward trend of maternal age at childbirth, rates of labor induction (IOL) and cesarean deliveries (CDs) have also increased worldwide. Given those patterns, the authors of this study aimed to assess how maternal age and induction of labor impacted the rate of CD in both nulliparous and multiparous women.
Preoperative Cefazolin Rather Than Clindamycin or Metronidazole Is Associated With Lower Postpartum Infection Among Women With Chorioamnionitis Delivering by Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Venkatesh K.K. , Hughes B.L. , Grotegut C.A. , Strauss R.A. , Stamilio D.M. , Heine R.P. , Dotters-Katz S.K. 
Published: November 2020

(Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020;2:100074)
Routine antibiotic prophylaxis has been shown to decrease the risk of postpartum maternal infection for women undergoing cesarean deliveries who have chorioamnionitis. However, the optimal antibiotic regimen to reduce postpartum infection in women presumed to have chorioamnionitis who deliver by cesarean remains to be defined. The current treatment for chorioamnionitis includes a base regimen of intrapartum antibiotics, usually consisting of intravenous ampicillin or penicillin and gentamicin. In the setting of a cesarean delivery, additional antibiotics are administered, including cefazolin, metronidazole, or the current standard clindamycin. This study investigated whether antibiotic therapy with cefazolin versus clindamycin or metronidazole reduced the risk of postpartum infection among women who received a base regimen of antibiotics to treat chorioamnionitis and had a cesarean delivery.
Effectiveness of Routine Third Trimester Ultrasonography to Reduce Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Low-risk Pregnancy (the IRIS Study): Nationwide, Pragmatic, Multicentre, Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Henrichs J. , Verfaille V. , Jellema P. , Viester L. , Pajkrt E. , Wilschut J. , van der Horst H.E. , Franx A. , de Jonge A. 
Published: November 2020

(BMJ. 2019;367:l5517)
Fetal growth restriction affects 7% to 10% of pregnancies and is a major risk factor for perinatal morbidity and death, as well as cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Small for gestational age (SGA) infants can be detected during usual prenatal care with serial fundal height measurements. While routine ultrasonography during the third trimester more frequently detects SGA infants than usual prenatal care, there is a lack of evidence indicating this practice reduces the incidence of severe adverse perinatal outcomes. Previous studies on the subject have been underpowered or were not clearly linked with appropriate management practices following an SGA diagnosis. This Intrauterine growth restriction Risk Selection (IRIS) study developed a multidisciplinary protocol for detecting and managing suspected fetal growth restriction and used a stepped wedge cluster randomized design to evaluate the effectiveness of routine ultrasonography in the third trimester combined with usual care, compared with usual care alone, in decreasing severe adverse perinatal outcomes.
Acute Postcesarean Pain Is Associated With In-hospital Exclusive Breastfeeding, Length of Stay, and Postpartum Depression
Authors: Babazade R. , Vadhera R.B. , Krishnamurthy P. , Varma A. , Doulatram G. , Saade G.R. , Turan A. 
Published: November 2020

(J Clin Anesth. 2020;62:109697)
In 2011, 79% of newborns in the United States were breastfed, but by 6 months of age, only 49% of these were still breastfed [in accordance with the CDC recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for at least 6 mo]. By 12 months, a mere 27% of infants born in 2011 were still breastfed. Higher risks exist for infants not EBF for 6 months, in comparison with those EBF, including gastrointestinal infections, atopic eczema, respiratory illness, type II diabetes, obesity later in life, and leukemia. Six months of EBF is estimated to prevent one tenth of child deaths, but also to reduce child and mother medical costs by $3 billion each year. As breastfeeding within the first postdelivery hour is an important predictor for the success of EBF, this study’s aim was to investigate the association between postoperative pain and breastfeeding during hospital stay following cesarean delivery to determine any factors that may prevent successful EBF.