bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily light integral requirements of warm‐season turfgrasses for golf course fairways and investigating in situ evaluation methodology
Authors: Russell Travis R. , Karcher Douglas E. , Richardson Michael D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDetermining daily light integral (DLI) requirements for turfgrass systems has been an effective method to quantify photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) necessary to maintain quality turfgrass in a research setting. However, there has been little research estimating DLI requirements of popular turfgrass cultivars of zoysiagrass [Zoysia matrella(L.) Merr. andZ. japonicaSteud.], hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers. ×C. transvaalensisBurtt Davy], and common bermudagrass [C. dactylon(L.) Pers.] used for teeing grounds and fairways on golf courses. The objective of this research was to (a) determine minimum DLI requirements of two zoysiagrasses, ‘Cavalier’ (Z. japonica) and ‘Meyer’ (Z. matrella), and two bermudagrasses, common bermudagrass (cultivar unknown) and ‘Astro‐DLM’ hybrid bermudagrass; and (b) investigate methodology in rapidly estimating DLI requirements in situ at area golf courses for the same cultivars. Cultivars were evaluated under 22, 40, 60, and 90% shade in a field research setting over two seasons from August through October 2016 and May through October 2017. Turfgrass quality continued to decline over the 2‐yr trial, emphasizing importance of multi‐year evaluations encompassing cumulative effects of shade on turfgrass. Estimated minimum DLI requirements for turf quality of Astro‐DLM hybrid bermudagrass, common bermudagrass, Cavalier zoysiagrass, and Meyer zoysiagrass were 20.4, 25.9, 15.0, and 21.1 mol m−2d−1, respectively. In situ evaluations at golf course sites accurately estimated DLI requirements for three of four cultivars in comparison to those obtained in field research setting. Established minimum DLI requirements determined for cultivars in this study provide a baseline for site specific turfgrass selection.
Transcatheter indirect mitral annuloplasty induces annular and left atrial remodelling in secondary mitral regurgitation
Authors: Ruf Tobias Friedrich , Kreidel Felix , Tamm Alexander Robert , Geyer Martin , Hahad Omar , Zirbs Julia Claudia , Schwidtal Ben Luca , Beiras‐Fernandez Andres , Witte Klaus K. , Münzel Thomas , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsMitral annuloplasty using the Carillon Mitral Contour System (CMCS) reduces secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) and leads to reverse left ventricular remodelling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the CMCS on the mitral valve annulus (MA) and left atrial volume (LAV).Methods and resultsWe retrospectively evaluated the data of all patients treated with the CMCS at our centre. Using transthoracic echocardiography, MA diameters were assessed by measuring the anterolateral to posteromedial extend (ALPM) and the anterior to posterior (AP) dimensions, respectively. Also, LAV and left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV) were assessed. Patients were examined at three time points: baseline, at 20–60 days (30dFUP), and at 9–15 months (1yFUP), using paired analysis. From July 2014 until March 2019, 75 cases of severe SMR were treated using CMCS. Cases in which other devices were used in combination (COMBO therapy, n = 35) or in which the device could not be implanted (implant failure, n = 3) were excluded, leaving 37 patients in the present analysis. Analysis at 30dFUP showed a significant reduction of 16% in the mean ALPM diameter (7.27 ± 5.40 mm) and 15% in the AP diameter (6.57 ± 5.33 mm). Analysis of LAV also showed a significant reduction of 21% (36.61 ± 82.67 mL), with no significant change in LVEDV. At 1yFUP, the reduction of both the mean ALPM diameter of 14% (6.24 ± 5.70 mm) and the mean AP diameter of 12% (5.46 ± 4.99 mm) remained significant and stable. The reduction in LAV was also maintained at 23% (37.03 ± 56.91 mL). LAV index was significantly reduced by 17% at 30dFUP (15.44 ± 40.98 mL/m2) and by 13% at 1yFUP (11.56 ± 31.87 mL/m2), respectively. LVEDV index showed no significant change at 30dFUP and a non‐significant 10% reduction at 1yFUP (17.75 ± 58.79 mL/m2).ConclusionsThe CMCS successfully treats symptomatic SMR with a stable reduction of not only the AP diameter of the MA, but the current study also demonstrates an additional reduction of the ALPM dimension at both 30dFUP and 1yFUP. We have also shown for the first time that LAV and LAV index are significantly reduced at both 30dFUP and 1yFUP and a non‐significant positive remodelling of the LVEDV. This positive left atrial remodelling has not been looked for and demonstrated in earlier randomized studies of CMCS.
Freshwater shrimp farm monitoring system for Bangladesh based on internet of things
Authors: Salah Uddin Mohammad , Fatin Istiaq Md. , Rasadin Mohd. , Ruhel Talukder Md. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) fisheries sector is of vital significance to the economy of Bangladesh. This sector plays an important role in supplying nutrition, employment creation, poverty alleviation, and overseas currency acquisition. Rapid population growth, environmental pollution, and global warming are reducing the production level of the fisheries (freshwater shrimp) sector. There are various environmental metrics, such as acidity and salinity level of water, turbidity, dissolved oxygen level, and so on, which play a vital role in the effective production of shrimps. It is hence paramount environmental and production parameters be constantly monitored to ensure quality in the production chain. Nevertheless, old‐fashioned (ie, manual) monitoring systems are cumbersome, time‐consuming, and never performed in real time. Therefore, a constant and computerized monitoring system is the only way to handle those metrics efficiently and in real time. In order to address these problems, a real‐time freshwater shrimp farm monitoring system is presented in this article. This monitoring system integrates technologies such as microcontroller‐based physical devices, internet of things, and web applications, that allow users to remotely monitor a shrimp farm, as well as to receive alerts when an out‐of‐range water parameter (ie, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity level, and turbidity of water) is detected. The physical implementation of this system consists of a set of sensors that allow for collecting data about the water metrics of shrimp farm. This system was evaluated to test its effectiveness in terms of the size, weight, and the percentage of survival of the shrimp achieved when the shrimp culture pond is monitored by this system.
Evaluating the maximum rate of penetration for drilling borehole in soft coal seam
Authors: Yang Shuo , Wen Guangcai , Yan Fazhi , Zhang Mingjie , Zhao Xusheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMost coal seams in China are characterized by high‐gas pressure and high‐gas content, which seriously threaten the safety of coal mines. Gas extraction is an effective measure for preventing gas disasters. However, the drilling process in soft coal seams is inefficient; it is difficult for the boreholes to reach the design length. The rate of penetration (ROP) plays an important role in determining drilling efficiency and borehole length in soft coal seams. In this study, we establish a simplified ROP model for soft coal seams and evaluate the maximum ROP of Hebi No. 6 coal mine. First, the drill cutting transport capacity of the drilling system and drill cutting quantity generated during the drilling process are analyzed. By simplifying drill cutting transport and coal seam properties, the ROP model is established. Second, the Rock Failure Process Analysis software is used to analyze the deformation region of boreholes, which has a great influence on the drill cutting transport space. Finally, a field test is implemented in Hebi No. 6 coal mine in Henan Province, China, to verify the model, and we propose a measure to control the ROP below the maximum value to increase the length of the borehole. The test results indicate that the model has high accuracy, with errors less than 15%, and the lengths of boreholes in air‐return and transportation roadways are increased to 60 and 80 m, respectively, and the increase rate is greater than 50%.
On‐site detection of bypass circuit opening failure in photovoltaic array under power generation operation
Authors: Baba Masaaki , Itami Daichi , Yamada Noboru 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo ensure the long‐term reliability of photovoltaic systems (PVSs), periodical inspections are necessary. Despite the risk of severe temperature rise, bypass circuit open‐circuit (BPC‐OC) failure has attracted low research interest compared with other types of failure. This paper presents the pulsed light irradiation (PLI) method for robust BPC‐OC failure detection that eliminates the need to switch off the power generation operation of the PVS. The proposed method detects the BPC‐OC failure of the solar cell string by measuring the modulated current induced by local PLI. Electrical circuit simulations as well as indoor and outdoor experiments are performed to verify the performance of the proposed method. Results of the outdoor experiment show that the PLI method performs well in a real PVS under power generation operation. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method are summarized.
Evaluation of elastoplastic properties of brittle sandstone at microscale using micro‐indentation test and simulation
Authors: Song Rui , Wang Yao , Sun Shuyu , Cui Mengmeng , Liu Jianjun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe micro‐indentation test has been regarded as an efficient tool to obtain the elasticity modulus and hardness of the minerals in rock, which is essential for studying the deformation‐crack mechanism of the pore structure. However, researches on microscopic plastic parameters have been rarely conducted. This paper develops a novel method to determine the microscopic initial strength and residual strength of brittle sandstone. A dimensionless analysis on the micro‐indentation curve of rock is conducted to acquire its key influencing factors of the elastoplastic properties, which include the initial cohesive force and the residual cohesive force. Then, small cylindrical rock samples are prepared for micro‐CT scanning and micro‐indentation test by a conical indenter to acquire the microstructure, indentation curve, and the microscale elasticity. The pore scale indentation simulation is conducted using the reconstructed rock models with different strength. The function between the indentation curve and strength is deduced by the parametric finite element method (FEM) study. Based on this function, the microscale initial strength and residual strength of the brittle sandstone are determined. The proposed method is validated by comparing the microscale numerical simulation results of uniaxial compression on the representative volume element (RVE) model of rock with the experimental results. A reasonable deviation is observed compared with the experimental benchmark data for the stress‐strain curves, as well as Young's modulus and uniaxial compression strength, proving the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Basin-Specific Pollutant Bioaccumulation Patterns Define Lake Huron Forage Fish
Authors: Paterson Gordon , Di Pierdomenico Lauren L. , Haffner G. Douglas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Lake Huron ecosystem is unique among the Laurentian Great Lakes (USA/Canada) in that its surface area encompasses 3 distinct basins. This ecosystem recently experienced significant ecological restructuring characterized by changes in primary production, species dominance and abundances, and top predator energy dynamics. However, much of the evidence for this restructuring has been largely derived from biomonitoring data obtained from long-term sampling of the lake's Main Basin. We examined polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations and the stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), bloater (Coregonus hoyi), and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) to determine spatial variability in these environmental markers as indicators of the ubiquity of trophic restructuring throughout Lake Huron. Stable isotopes indicated that North Channel fish occupied trophic positions between 0.5 and 1.0 lower relative to Main Basin and Georgian Bay conspecifics, respectively. Sum PCB concentrations for 41 congeners were highest for fish from the Main Basin (27.5 ± 3.0 ng g−1 wet wt) and Georgian Bay (26.3 ± 3.4 ng g−1 wet wt) relative to North Channel (13.6 ± 1.2 ng g−1 wet wt) fish. Discriminant functions analysis demonstrated basin-specific PCB congener profiles with individual species also having distinct profiles dependent on their basin of collection. These bioaccumulation patterns among Lake Huron forage fish mirror those reported for lake trout in this lake and indicate that the degree of food-web ecological restructuring in Lake Huron is not equivalent across the basins. Specifically, basin-specific PCB congener profiles demonstrated that differences among Lake Huron secondary and top predator consumer species are likely dictated by cross-basin differences in zooplankton community ecology and trophodynamics that can regulate the efficiencies of prey energy transfer and PCB congener bioaccumulation patterns in aquatic food webs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1712–1723. © 2020 SETAC
Validating the Use of a Toxicity Database for Prediction of Plant Cover and Biodiversity in Multi-Metal Mining-Impacted Soils
Authors: Guzmán-Rangel Georgina , Torres Díaz Alin N. , Pavón Meza E. Lucía , Oorts Koen , Smolders Erik 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The validity of soil toxicity databases for predicting ecological impacts in the field is rarely explored. The present study was set up to test whether laboratory toxicity data and the combined concepts of metal availability and mixture toxicity can predict ecological impact in mining-affected soils. Metal and As contamination gradients were sampled approximately 5 different mines in Mexico where plant cover and abundances exhibited clear dose-related responses. Soils were analyzed for total and isotopically exchangeable (labile) concentrations of Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, and As and for soil properties affecting the availability of these elements. Six different indices of toxic doses were compared to evaluate their accuracy in describing the field response expressed as relative abundance and cover. Each index was based on a different method to calculate the sum of toxic units (ΣTUs) in soil, with 1 toxic unit equal to the concentration of the element in soil yielding 50% adverse effect on plants with median sensitivity as recorded in a recent database of salt-spiked soils. Toxic concentrations in the mine-impacted soils were dominated by Zn and As. In the field, 50% reduced cover or abundance was found at 10 to 13 ΣTUs if these were based on total soil concentrations and thresholds derived from freshly spiked soils, indicating a largely overestimated toxic effect. If thresholds were corrected for differences in availability among freshly spiked soils and spiked and laboratory-aged soils, the overestimation of field toxicity was 5- to 6-fold, irrespective of the consideration of soil properties. Finally, the ΣTU calculated only with labile metals and As overestimated the field toxicity by factors 1.1 to 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1–7; i.e., rather accurate and indicating some Zn–As antagonism as confirmed in experimental studies). That latter index of dose yielded a bell-shaped response on species richness peaking at approximately 1.6 ΣTU. Overall, the present study shows that the current toxicity databases of metals can predict the impact of metal contamination on plant communities within factor 2, expressing the dose as soil-labile concentrations and using the concentration addition concept in these mixed polluted environments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1826–1838. © 2020 SETAC
Retracted: An ANP‐fuzzy evaluation model of food quality safety supervision based on China's data
Authors: Zhang Xiuhua , Zhang Jun , Chen Tingqiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA government acts as the main supervisor of food quality and safety. How to quantify and improve the performance and efficiency of government supervision, respectively, is an urgent problem. This study constructs a food safety supervision performance index and utilizes an analytic network process‐fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to precisely quantify the performance of government supervision. The evaluation results show that, (a) although the overall situation of food quality and safety in China is controllable, the government does not do well in food safety risk supervision, food recall supervision, and accident summary supervision. (b) Internal supervision is the weakest link in food quality and safety supervision. (c) Grassroots supervision is weak especially in prefecture and county levels. (d) There is no positive correlation between the economy level and supervision level in one region. This paper contributes to accurately reflecting the status quo of China's food safety supervision and realizing the transparency of government regulatory information, which ultimately boosts the government's efficiency in food safety supervision and improves the regulatory situation.
Miscarriage, stillbirth, and infant death in an oil‐polluted region of the Niger Delta, Nigeria: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Oghenetega Onome B. , Ana Godson R. E. E. , Okunlola Michael A. , Ojengbede Oladosu A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between oil pollution and miscarriage, stillbirth, and infant death in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken of pregnant women (aged 18–45 years) who attended selected health facilities in regions with high and low exposure to oil pollution from May 14, 2018, to September 27, 2018. A multistage sampling technique was used to randomly select a representative of women with high and low exposure to oil pollution. An interviewer‐administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to adjust for confounding factors of miscarriage, stillbirth, and infant death.ResultsIn total, 1564 pregnant women were included in the study. Women with high exposure to oil pollution were more likely to experience stillbirth (odds ratio [OR] 1.806; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.177–2.770) and infant death (OR 2.162; 95% CI 1.409–3.317). However, after adjusting for potential confounders, only infant death was associated with high exposure (adjusted OR 1.843; 95% CI 1.146–2.962). No association was found between miscarriage and high exposure to oil pollution.ConclusionWomen with high exposure to oil pollution are at higher risk of infant death.
The microbial threat: Can rare earths help?
Authors: Lezhnina Marina M. , Rochowiak Weronika , Göhde Wolfgang , Kuczius Rauni , Kynast Ulrich 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite an ever increasing demand for reliable and cheap methods in the detection and quantification of microbes, surprisingly few investigations have explored or utilized the luminescence of rare earths in the microbial context, neither in conventional, that is, plating and microscopic imaging techniques, nor in advanced methods like fluorescence flow cytometry. We have thus investigated the potential of some rare earth complexes and hybrid materials for microbiological analysis. We found fairly simple procedures for internal staining (dyes inside the bacterial cell) and external staining (dyes on the cell surface). The present paper is predominantly relying on microscopic imaging and luminescence spectroscopies (excitation, emission, decay times), but also evaluates model rare earth microspheres to estimate an eventual rare earth based stain for a fast and sensitive bacteria enumeration with luminescence flow cytometry.
Population Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Glenzocimab (ACT017) a Glycoprotein VI Inhibitor of Collagen‐Induced Platelet Aggregation
Authors: Renaud Lionel , Lebozec Kristell , Voors‐Pette Christine , Dogterom Peter , Billiald Philippe , Jandrot Perrus Martine , Pletan Yannick , Machacek Matthias 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGlenzocimab (ACT017) is a humanized monoclonal antigen‐binding fragment (Fab) directed against the human platelet glycoprotein VI, a key receptor for collagen and fibrin that plays a major role in thrombus growth and stability. Glenzocimab is being developed as an antiplatelet agent to treat the acute phase of ischemic stroke. During a phase I study in healthy volunteers, the population pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of glenzocimab were modeled using Monolix software. The PK/PD model thus described glenzocimab plasma concentrations and its effects on ex vivo collagen‐induced platelet aggregation. Glenzocimab was found to have dose‐proportional, 2‐compartmental PK with a central distribution volume of 4.1 L, and first and second half‐lives of 0.84 and 9.6 hours. Interindividual variability in clearance in healthy volunteers was mainly explained by its dependence on body weight. The glenzocimab effect was described using an immediate effect model with a dose‐dependent half maximal inhibitory concentration: Larger doses resulted in a stronger effect at the same glenzocimab plasma concentration. The mechanism of the overproportional concentration effect at higher doses remained unexplained. PK/PD simulations predicted that 1000‐mg glenzocimab given as a 6‐hour infusion reduced platelet aggregation to 20% in 100% of subjects at 6 hours and in 60% of subjects at 12 hours after dosing. Simulations revealed a limited impact of creatinine clearance on exposure, suggesting that no dose adjustments were required with respect to renal function. Future studies in patients with ischemic stroke are now needed to establish the relationship between ex vivo platelet aggregation and the clinical effect.
Influence of sex on the association between body mass index and frequency of upper gastrointestinal symptoms
Authors: Ogisu Kyohei , Masuda Atsuhiro , Fujita Tsuyoshi , Yamazaki Yukinao , Kobayashi Masao , Terao Shuichi , Sanuki Tsuyoshi , Okada Akihiko , Adachi Masayasu , Arisaka Yoshifumi , Miyazaki Haruka , Yoshinaka Hayato , Kutsumi Hiromu , Umegaki Eiji , Kodama Yuzo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimUpper gastrointestinal symptoms (UGSs), including reflux and dyspeptic symptoms (postprandial distress syndrome [PDS] and epigastric pain syndrome [EPS]), affect health‐related quality of life. However, the influence of sex on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and UGSs remains controversial. This study investigates the influence of sex on this association in healthy subjects.Methods and ResultsWe utilized the database of a prospective, multicenter, cohort study of 7112 subjects who underwent upper endoscopy for health screening. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between BMI and UGSs stratified by sex, adjusting for clinical features. The influence of sex on the association between the overlapping of UGSs and BMI in symptomatic subjects was also investigated. Reflux symptoms were significantly associated with high BMI (multivariable odds ratio [OR] 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–1.67, P = 0.004). PDS symptoms were significantly associated with low BMI (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.70–3.25; P < 0.0001), but EPS symptoms were not associated with BMI. The association between reflux symptoms and higher BMI was limited to men (men: OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.10–1.77; P = 0.005, women: P = 0.40). sex did not influence the association between the presence of PDS symptoms and lower BMI. The percentage of overlapping of all three symptoms (reflux, PDS, and EPS) was higher in women than in men (19.9% [58/292] vs 10.5% [49/468], P = 0.0002).ConclusionsThe influence of BMI on the presence of UGSs was significantly different according to sex in this large‐scale cohort.