bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community mobilisation to prevent violence against women and girls in eastern India through participatory learning and action with women’s groups facilitated by accredited social health activists: a before-and-after pilot study
Authors: Nair Nirmala , Daruwalla Nayreen , Osrin David , Rath Suchitra , Gagrai Sumitra , Sahu Rebati , Pradhan Hemanta , De Megha , Ambavkar Gauri , Das Nibha , Dungdung G. Pramila , Mohan Damini , Munda Bahadur , Singh Vijay , Tripathy Prasanta , Prost Audrey 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Almost one in three married Indian women have ever experienced physical, sexual, or emotional violence from husbands in their lifetime. We aimed to investigate the preliminary effects of community mobilisation through participatory learning and action groups facilitated by Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), coupled with access to counselling, to prevent violence against women and girls in Jharkhand, eastern India.

Methods
We piloted a cycle of 16 participatory learning and action meetings with women’s groups facilitated by ASHAs in rural Jharkhand. Participants identified common forms of violence against women and girls, prioritised the ones they wanted to address, developed locally feasible strategies to address them, implemented the strategies, and evaluated the process. We also trained two counsellors and two ASHA supervisors to support survivors, and gave ASHAs information about legal, health, and police services. We did a before-and-after pilot study involving baseline and endline surveys with group members to estimate preliminary effects of these activities on the acceptability of violence, prevalence of past year emotional and physical violence, and help-seeking.

Results
ASHAs successfully conducted monthly participatory learning and action meetings with 39 women’s groups in 22 villages of West Singhbhum district, Jharkhand, between June 2016 and September 2017. We interviewed 59% (679/1149) of women registered with groups at baseline, and 63% (861/1371) at endline. More women reported that violence was unacceptable in all seven scenarios presented to them at endline compared to baseline (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]: 1.87, 95%: 1.39–2.52). Fewer women reported experiencing emotional violence from their husbands in the last 12 months (aOR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.43–0.71), and more sought help if it occurred (aOR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.51–3.17). In addition, fewer women reported experiencing emotional or physical violence from family members other than their husbands in the last 12 months (aOR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.32–0.53, and aOR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.26–0.50, respectively).

Conclusion
Combining participatory learning and action meetings facilitated by ASHAs with access to counselling was an acceptable strategy to address violence against women and girls in rural communities of Jharkhand. The approach warrants further implementation and evaluation as part of a comprehensive response to violence.
Waist circumference is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in male but not female patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xing Zhenhua , Peng Zhenyu , Wang Xiaopu , Zhu Zhaowei , Pei Junyu , Hu Xinqun , Chai Xiangping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Although studies have shown that waist circumference (WC) is positively associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases among the normal population, few studies have investigated WC in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods
This was a post hoc analysis of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study. The Cox proportional hazards models was used to investigate the relationship between WC and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in T2DM patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or high risk factors of CVD.

Results
A total of 10,251 T2DM patients (6299 men [61.4%], 3952 women [38.6%]) were included in our analysis. The mean age was 64.0 ± 7.53 years. After a mean follow-up at 9.2 ± 2.4 years later, 1804 patients (event rate of 23 per 1000 person-years) had developed MACEs. MACEs rates in men and women were 18.0 and 26.0 events per 1000 person-years, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, each increase in WC of 1 SD increased the risk of MACEs (HR: 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.17; P < 0.01) in men, with a non-significant increase in MACEs (HR: 1.04, 95% CI 0.95–1.13; P = 0.40) in women. Compared with those in the first quartile of WC, male patients in the fourth quartile of WC had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.24 (95% CI 1.05–1.46) for MACEs; female patients in the fourth quartile of WC had an HR of 1.22 (95% CI 0.96–1.56) for MACEs.

Conclusions
Higher WC is associated with increased risks of MACEs in male but not female T2DM patients.
Trial registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00000620)
Exosomal noncoding RNAs in Glioma: biological functions and potential clinical applications
Authors: Cheng Jian , Meng Jinli , Zhu Lei , Peng Yong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGliomas are complex and heterogeneous brain tumors with poor prognosis. Glioma cells can communicate with their surroundings to create a tumor-permissive microenvironment. Exosomes represent a new means of intercellular communication by delivering various bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, and participate in tumor initiation and progression. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA, long-noncoding RNA, and circular RNA, account for a large portion of human transcriptome and play important roles in various pathophysiological processes, especially in cancers. In addition, ncRNAs can be selectively packaged, secreted and transferred between cells in exosomes and modulate numerous hallmarks of glioma, such as proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, immune-escape, and treatment resistance. Hence, the strategies of specifically targeting exosomal ncRNAs could be attractive therapeutic options. Exosomes are able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), and are readily accessible in nearly all types of human biofluids, which make them the promising biomarkers for gliomas. Additionally, given the biocompatibility of exosomes, they can be engineered to deliver therapeutic factors, such as RNA, proteins and drugs, to target cells for therapeutic applications. Here, we reviewed current research on the roles of exosomal ncRNAs in glioma progression. We also discussed their potential clinical applications as novel biomarkers and therapeutics.
Cerebrovascular amyloid Angiopathy in bioengineered vessels is reduced by high-density lipoprotein particles enriched in Apolipoprotein E
Authors: Robert Jerome , Button Emily B. , Martin Emma M. , McAlary Luke , Gidden Zoe , Gilmour Megan , Boyce Guilaine , Caffrey Tara M. , Agbay Andrew , Clark Amanda , Silverman Judith M. , Cashman Neil R. , Wellington Cheryl L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Several lines of evidence suggest that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduces Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk by decreasing vascular beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and inflammation, however, the mechanisms by which HDL improve cerebrovascular functions relevant to AD remain poorly understood.

Methods
Here we use a human bioengineered model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) to define several mechanisms by which HDL reduces Aβ deposition within the vasculature and attenuates endothelial inflammation as measured by monocyte binding.

Results
We demonstrate that HDL reduces vascular Aβ accumulation independently of its principal binding protein, scavenger receptor (SR)-BI, in contrast to the SR-BI-dependent mechanism by which HDL prevents Aβ-induced vascular inflammation. We describe multiple novel mechanisms by which HDL acts to reduce CAA, namely: i) altering Aβ binding to collagen-I, ii) forming a complex with Aβ that maintains its solubility, iii) lowering collagen-I protein levels produced by smooth-muscle cells (SMC), and iv) attenuating Aβ uptake into SMC that associates with reduced low density lipoprotein related protein 1 (LRP1) levels. Furthermore, we show that HDL particles enriched in apolipoprotein (apo)E appear to be the major drivers of these effects, providing new insights into the peripheral role of apoE in AD, in particular, the fraction of HDL that contains apoE.

Conclusion
The findings in this study identify new mechanisms by which circulating HDL, particularly HDL particles enriched in apoE, may provide vascular resilience to Aβ and shed new light on a potential role of peripherally-acting apoE in AD.
A model study for the manufacture and validation of clinical-grade deciduous dental pulp stem cells for chronic liver fibrosis treatment
Authors: Iwanaka Tsuyoshi , Yamaza Takayoshi , Sonoda Soichiro , Yoshimaru Koichiro , Matsuura Toshiharu , Yamaza Haruyoshi , Ohga Shouichi , Oda Yoshinao , Taguchi Tomoaki 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Human deciduous pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have remarkable stem cell potency associated with cell proliferation, mesenchymal multipotency, and immunosuppressive function and have shown beneficial effects in a variety of animal disease models. Recent studies demonstrated that hDPSCs exhibited in vivo anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory action and in vivo hepatogenic-associated liver regeneration, suggesting that hDPSCs may offer a promising source with great clinical demand for treating liver diseases. However, how to manufacture ex vivo large-scale clinical-grade hDPSCs with the appropriate quality, safety, and preclinical efficacy assurances remains unclear.

Methods
We isolated hDPSCs from human deciduous dental pulp tissues formed by the colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) method and expanded them under a xenogeneic-free and serum-free (XF/SF) condition; hDPSC products were subsequently stored by two-step banking including a master cell bank (MCB) and a working cell bank (WCB). The final products were directly thawed hDPSCs from the WCB. We tested the safety and quality check, stem cell properties, and preclinical potentials of final hDPSC products and hDPSC products in the MCB and WCB.

Results
We optimized manufacturing procedures to isolate and expand hDPSC products under a XF/SF culture condition and established the MCB and the WCB. The final hDPSC products and hDPSC products in the MCB and WCB were validated the safety and quality including population doubling ability, chromosome stability, microorganism safety, and stem cell properties including morphology, cell surface marker expression, and multipotency. We also evaluated the in vivo immunogenicity and tumorigenicity and validated in vivo therapeutic efficacy for liver regeneration in a CCl4-induced chronic liver fibrosis mouse model in the final hDPSC products and hDPSC products in the WCB.

Conclusion
The manufacture and quality control results indicated that the present procedure could produce sufficient numbers of clinical-grade hDPSC products from a tiny deciduous dental pulp tissue to enhance clinical application of hDPSC products in chronic liver fibrosis.
Spontaneous hemispheric ventricular collapse and subarachnoid haemorrhages in a dog with congenital hydrocephalus internus
Authors: Olszewska Agnieszka , Farke Daniela , Schmidt Martin Jürgen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundOverdrainage and collapse of the hemispheres is a potential severe complication after surgical treatment of internal hydrocephalus using ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Here we describe a case of a spontaneous hemispheric ventricular collapse in an untreated dog with congenital hydrocephalus internus.Case presentationA twelve-week-old, male, intact Golden Retriever was presented with a history of peracute obtundation, impaired vision, and progressive gait abnormalities of all limbs for three days. Neurological examination revealed a dome shaped skull, a broad-based stance and a moderate cerebellar ataxia. The postural responses were markedly delayed in all limbs. Moderate ventro-lateral strabismus, vertical nystagmus and absent menace response were observed bilaterally. Clinical signs indicated multifocal localisation (forebrain, cerebellum). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed dilation of all cerebral ventricles, irregular thinning of the periventricular white and grey matter, consistent with internal hydrocephalus. In addition, the hemispheres were collapsed at the right temporal and left frontal lobe with haemorrhage filling the adjacent subarachnoid space. The dog underwent left frontal and right temporal craniotomy for removal of the haemorrhage. The dog improved on all neurological signs and was discharged after seven days. A repeat MRI three months postsurgical intervention showed reexpansion of the cerebral hemispheres. Subarachnoid haemorrhages were markedly reduced.ConclusionsCollapse of the hemispheres can occur spontaneously in dogs with hydrocephalus internus. Removal of the haemorrhage can improve clinical signs.
Transcriptional regulatory networks of methanol-independent protein expression in Pichia pastoris under the AOX1 promoter with trans-acting elements engineering
Authors: Shi Lei , Wang Jinjia , Wang Xiaolong , Zhang Yuanxing , Song Zhiwei , Cai Menghao , Zhou Xiangshan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo explore the differences in the intracellular transcriptional mechanism in carbon-derepressed and wild-typePichia pastorisstrains fed with three different carbon sources. RNA in carbon-derepressed (Δmig1Δmig2Δnrg1-Mit1; Mut) and wild-type (WT)P.pastorisfed with three different carbon sources (dextrose, glycerol, and methanol) were sequenced. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with these carbon sources were obtained and clustered into modules using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Signaling pathway enrichment analysis was performed using KEGG, and protein to protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed. A total of 2536 DEGs were obtained from three intersections, and some of them were enriched in carbon sources and involved in carbon metabolism, secondary metabolisms, and amino acid biosynthesis. Two modules, MEgreenyellow (involved in protease, oxidative phosphorylation, endoplasmic reticulum protein processing, folate carbon pool, and glycerol phospholipid metabolism pathways) and MEmidnightblue (involved in protease, endocytosis, steroid biosynthesis, and hippo signaling pathways) were significantly correlated with the strain type. Eight hub genes and two sub-networks were obtained from PPI network. Sub-network A enriched in proteasomes pathway while sub-network B enriched in ribosome pathway. The genes involved in carbon metabolism, secondary metabolic, and amino acid biosynthesis pathways changed significantly under different carbon sources. The changes in proteasome and ribosome activities play roles in carbohydrate metabolism in the methanol-free PAOX1start-up Mut strain.
Working environments and clothing conditions in the construction industry
Authors: Eom Ran-i , Lee Yejin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study collected fundamental data on the current status of construction workers’ clothes in South Korea, and categorized it based on construction site environment and job position. The study was conducted via a survey of 102 construction workers comprising both managers and laborers. In addition, a detailed interview-based questionnaire was used to ask three workers at the construction site to adopt working postures and identify the most uncomfortable parts of their workwear. Construction working environments are influenced by seasonal changes and have been recognized as places where dangerous hazards may occur. Workers in the construction industry felt that their faces were the hottest parts of their bodies in summer and their hands were the coldest in winter. With respect to the clothing worn for work, the results showed that most managers wore company-supplied workwear but laborers did not. When personally purchasing workwear, managers bought items at outdoor shops, whereas laborers purchased theirs at local markets. Both laborers and managers indicated a need for new workwear designs with a greater emphasis on function. In the in-depth interviews, the respondents noted that they felt discomfort from the clothing in their backs, upper arms, thighs, knees, and hips as a result of their primary work postures. Furthermore, they noted the need for pockets of appropriate size and position according to their work. The functional requirements demanded from construction workwear were classified based on the study’s results.
Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
Authors: Galárraga-Vinueza Maria Elisa , Tangl Stefan , Bianchini Marco , Magini Ricardo , Obreja Karina , Gruber Reinhard , Schwarz Frank 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory osteolysis is the clinical hallmark of peri-implantitis. The morphology of the remaining peri-implant bone and the level of osseointegration, however, remain unknown. Our aim was to characterize advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans.

Methods
Four patients (3 female and 1 male) were diagnosed with peri-implantitis. A total of 5 implants with machined surfaces and a mean loading time of 12 ± 6 years were removed due to advanced bone loss. The defect extension, the peri-implant bone density (bone area per tissue area in percentage), bone-to-implant contact (%), and the number of filled and empty osteocyte lacunae were calculated based on undecalcified histological specimens.

Results
The defect extension was on average 4.2 mm (95% CI 0.8–3.4). Remaining peri-implant bone showed a high density of 85.5% (95% CI 79.1–91.3) and covered in total 74% (95% CI 70.5–77.5) of the implant surface. Filled and empty osteocyte lacunae density was on average 191 and 165/mm2 (95% CI 132–251; 103–225), respectively. Histology further revealed signs of ongoing bone formation and resorption.

Conclusion
There are signs that suggest that once the original cortical bone is lost due to peri-implantitis, the remaining apical trabecular bone is reinforced and transformed into cortical bone that might take over the functional load.
A matrix approach for stationary analysis fluid model driven by an M/M/1/N queue with discouraged arrivals
Authors: EL-paoumy Mahdy S. , Radwan Taha 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a fluid queue driven by truncated queue with discouraged arrivals is considered. Using the efficient matrix technique, the expressions of the steady-state distribution of both the buffer content and stationary state probabilities of background birth-death process are acquired. Then, performance measures and analysis of server utilization and mean buffer content are carried out.
A digital information system for cultural landscapes: the case of Slender West Lake scenic area in Yangzhou, China
Authors: Yang Chen , Han Feng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe rapid development of digital technologies provides important opportunities for more effective cultural heritage conservation and management. While the concept of cultural landscape has been accepted by the academic community in the cultural heritage field for many years, the digital conservation of cultural landscapes still lacks pragmatic guidance. The aim of this article is to explore an approach for building a digital information system to support cultural landscape conservation and management. The Slender West Lake scenic area, a typical cultural landscape in China, was used as an instrumental case study. A geo-database was designed and established to integrate the information of the natural, cultural, tangible and intangible landscape features of Slender West Lake. The digital information system for cultural landscapes provides a more holistic, dynamic and specific cultural perspective on heritage for landscape conservators. The system provides comprehensive information support for heritage conservation, management and interpretation, which are not achievable with conventional tools. This article has expanded the cultural heritage theory by presenting a practical guide for the digital information management of cultural landscapes. The workflow for building a cultural landscape geo-database can be used as a reference for heritage projects in China and other countries.
Harnessing digital workflows for the understanding, promotion and participation in the conservation of heritage sites by meeting both ethical and technical challenges
Authors: Santana Quintero Mario , Awad Reem , Barazzetti Luigi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe current application of digital workflows for the understanding, promotion and participation in the conservation of heritage sites involves several technical challenges and should be governed by serious ethical engagement. Recording consists of capturing (or mapping) the physical characteristics of character-defining elements that provide the significance of cultural heritage sites. Usually, the outcome of this work represents the cornerstone information serving for their conservation, whatever it uses actively for maintaining them or for ensuring a posterity record in case of destruction. The records produced could guide the decision-making process at different levels by property owners, site managers, public officials, and conservators around the world, as well as to present historical knowledge and values of these resources. Rigorous documentation may also serve a broader purpose: over time, it becomes the primary means by which scholars and the public apprehends a site that has since changed radically or disappeared. This contribution is aimed at providing an overview of the potential application and threats of technology utilised by a heritage recording professional by addressing the need to develop ethical principles that can improve the heritage recording practice at large.
Digital cultural heritage and rural landscapes: preserving the histories of landscape conservation in the United States
Authors: Karle Sarah , Carman Richard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper addresses how a digital heritage project can impact the research and interpretation of a large-scale rural cultural landscape in the United States. Due to the size and scope of rural landscapes, large-scale documentation methods are critical to advancing landscape conservation and preservation initiatives. Using an in-progress online project to document a 1935 US federally sponsored program, the Prairie States Forestry Project (PSFP), the authors show how diverse visual and textual data can be spatialised to construct a map reading of landscape change over time. To date, the PSFP is one of the largest afforestation projects in the history of the United States; the United States Forest Service and thousands of landowners undertook a series of cooperative planting agreements to plant over 200 million trees over seven years in approximately 33,000 shelterbelts from the panhandle of Texas to the North Dakota border. Due to a lack of coordinated monitoring, shelterbelt location and status was unknown, and the original archival material remained unpreserved. In the case of the Prairie States Forestry Project, the process for digitising and disseminating previously inaccessible primary source documents is an act of preservation that creates opportunities for future large-scale landscape conservation projects. The application of the archival mapping method and resulting PSFP datasets can be incorporated by individuals working on heritage documentation such as Historic American Landscapes Survey (HALS) reports, National Register nominations, or Cultural Landscape Reports for the National Parks Service. The dataset could also be used by private groups such as cooperative conservation land managers.