bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute citrulline‐malate supplementation is ineffective during aerobic cycling and subsequent anaerobic performance in recreationally active males
Authors: Gills Joshua L. , Glenn Jordan M. , Gray Michelle , Romer Braden , Lu Hocheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCitrulline‐malate (CM) purportedly increases exercise performance through increased nitric oxide production. The effects of CM on muscular strength performance are well‐documented; however, the benefits of CM on aerobic and anaerobic biking performance are not well researched. Therefore, the present investigation examined the acute CM supplementation effects on aerobic and anaerobic cycling performance in recreationally active males. Methods: 28 recreationally active males (20.9 ± 2.8 years) completed randomized, double‐blind, crossover trials consuming CM (12g dextrose + 8g CM) or a placebo (12g dextrose). Participants performed an aerobic cycling protocol (time‐to‐exhaustion [TTE]), followed by a subsequent 30‐second Wingate cycling test, 60‐minutes after supplement consumption. Results: Dependent t‐tests showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) for TTE (PLA: 315.4 s ± 137.7 s; CM: 314.1 s ± 107.1 s) and Total Work Completed (TWC) (PLA: 74.7 ± 34.1 kilojoules (kJ); CM: 74.1 ± 26.4 kJ) during the aerobic cycling protocol. Dependent t‐tests also showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) for mean watts (PLA: 586.1 ± 87.7 Watts (W); CM: 588.0 ± 93.0 W), peak watts (PLA: 773.0 ± 136.7 W; CM: 786.7 ± 133.0 W), and fatigue index (PLA: 12.9 ± 6.4 FI; CM: 14.3 ± 7.2 FI) during the Wingate protocol. Repeated‐measures ANOVA results indicated a significant effect between each 5 s interval (p < 0.001), but no differences were observed between trials (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Acute CM supplementation in recreationally active males provides no ergogenic benefit in aerobic cycling performance followed by an anaerobic cycling test.
APPARENT VIOLATIONS OF THE ALL-OR-NONE LAW IN RELATION TO POTASSIUM IN THE PROTOPLASM
Authors: Osterhout W. J. V. 
Published: January 2020

The protoplasm of Nitella forms a thin layer surrounding a large central vacuole filled with sap. At the inner surface of the protoplasm is a non-aqueous layer called Y and at the outer surface is a similar layer called X. At each of these layers there is a potential due to the diffusion of KCl in contact with the layer. We thus have P = PX + PY in which P is the total potential, PX is the potential at X, and PY the potential at Y. We assume that when stimulation occurs PY disappears and PX remains unaltered. The loss of part of the potential therefore involves no violation of the all-or-none law since the Y layer loses all of its potential and the X layer loses nothing.
If the concentration of KCl in the external solution and in the sap is known the concentration in the protoplasm can be calculated at each stimulation by measuring the height of the spike.
Random fuse model in the presence of self-healing
Authors: Costagliola Gianluca , Bosia Federico , Pugno Nicola M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Self-regeneration is a fundamental property of biological materials, leading to enhanced mechanical strength and toughness if subjected to stress and fatigue. Numerous efforts have been devoted to emulate this property and various self-healing materials have been designed with the aim of a practical adoption in construction and mechanical engineering. To achieve this, it is important to understand how damage evolution and fracture propagation are modified by self-healing and to evaluate how mechanical behaviour is affected before failure. In this paper, we implement for the first time a self-healing procedure in the random fuse model, whose characteristic scaling properties have been widely studied in the literature on damage evolution modelling. We identify some characteristic signatures of self-healing, showing that it can delay the failure of a material undergoing loading, but it also lead to a hard-to-predict, more catastrophic breakdown.
Silicon dioxide nanoparticles have contrasting effects on the temporal dynamics of sulfonamide and β-lactam resistance genes in soils amended with antibiotics
Authors: Zhang Xiujuan , Li Junjian , Li Dale , Zhang Hong , Hu Hangwei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) and antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs), as emerging environmental contaminants, have been reported to be accumulated in the soil environment. The use of NPs have raised increasing concerns about their environmental impacts, but the combined effect of NPs and antibiotics on ARGs remains less understood. Here, we established laboratory microcosms to explore the impacts of different concentrations of SiO2 NPs on β-lactam and sulfonamide resistance genes in soils amended with β-lactam or sulfonamide. Illumina sequencing and quantitative PCR revealed that the addition of NPs increased the bacterial community diversity but had no significant effects on the bacterial abundance. Moreover, NPs and sulfonamide jointly increased the abundances of sulfonamide resistance genes, while the exposure of NPs and β-lactam decreased β-lactam resistance genes. The detected ARGs were associated closely with two mobile genetic elements (MGEs, the tnpA and intI1 genes), indicating that MGEs may contribute to the dissemination of ARGs. Correlation analysis indicated the shifts in potential bacterial hosts and the frequency of horizontal gene transfer were important factors explaining the patterns of ARGs. Furthermore, structural equation models indicated that NPs exposure decreased the abundances of β-lactam resistance genes by driving changes in bacterial community and MGEs, whereas the increased abundances of sulfonamide resistance genes were mainly associated with the bacterial community, diversity and MGEs mediated by NPs and antibiotics. These results suggested that the combined effects of NPs and antibiotics on soil bacterial resistance were different due to the types of antibiotics.
History and prospects of the Saami issue
Authors: Yu Eidemiller K , Geht A B , Samylovskaya E.A. , Kulik S V , Krylova E A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The historical development of the Saami people in the XXI century differs a lot from the XX century and even more so from the XIX century. And over time, these changes are becoming more and more apparent. At the end of the 20th century the Saami, divided by the state borders of as many as 4 states and not having their own statehood, could only be compared with the Kurds or Balochs. That is the reason they are called “Kurds of Northern Europe”.
“Polar Silk road”: project implementation and geo-economic interests of Russia and China
Authors: Gladkiy Yu N , Sukhorukov V D , Yu Kornekova S , Kulik S V , Kaledin N V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The authors focus on the Northern sea route of Russia, which is considered as a transcontinental Euro-Asian sea transport corridor. It is emphasized that the Arctic is not only a reliable source of energy security of Russia, but also an important geostrategic region. In this regard, the Northern sea route will be modernized even if the Chinese idea of the “Polar silk road” is not implemented at all. The role of China in the development of the transit highway project, which remains a reserve of the international transport system, is analyzed. There are some high expectations of Russia from the project, as the neighboring country is extremely cautious in its implementation, investing capital mainly in mining. In addition, there is a fear that the declared principles of the project implementation will lead, if not to the complete displacement of Russian business, then to a sharp weakening of its positions. This point of view is confirmed by the policy of Chinese investors to exercise strict control over the emerging transport arteries. Among the vulnerable points of the silk road project implementation are severe natural conditions, restrictions of the navigation season, insufficient capacity of the icebreaker fleet, economic sanctions of the United States and Western Europe, as well as the difficulties of creating a modern transport infrastructure along the sea route.
High-precision CubeSat sun sensor coupled with infrared Earth horizon detector
Authors: Pelemeshko Anatoly , Kolesnikova Alena , Melkov Alexander , Prokopyev Vitaliy , Zadorozhny Alexander 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a novel miniature module of orientation sensors for CubeSat nanosatellites. A high-precision sun sensor and a detector of the Earth horizon are located in one small module body. A two-axis digital sun sensor built into the orientation module is based on the registration of the sunspot formed on the matrix CMOS image sensor when the sun’s rays pass through a pinhole in the front mask. A commercially available miniature array of infrared thermometers is used as the Earth horizon sensor. The paper is mainly devoted to the development of the sun sensor. For laboratory tests, a prototype of the orientation module was developed. Laboratory tests and sun sensor calibration confirmed the sun sensor field of view of 120° and made it possible to determine its angular resolution of ±0.015°. The final accuracy of determining the direction to the Sun by the sensor that was calibrated using the existing experimental setup is ±0.15° with 95% confidence. It is possible to improve the accuracy of the sun sensor by improving the experimental setup for its calibration.
Sequential agglomerative procedure for sorting a production batch of electronic radio devices into homogeneous groups
Authors: Golovanov S M , Orlov V I , Kazakovtsev L A , Fedosov V V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Authors proposed a clustering algorithm for sorting a batch of electronic radio devices by homogeneous groups according to the results of non-destructive tests. Algorithm is based on searching for the best silhouette criterion value of clusters using the sequential agglomerative procedure (SAP). It merges groups with the smallest distance between their centers one by one. New procedure was tested on dataset of microcircuits for space applications in a specialized test center.
Top down designing spacecraft in CAD applying knowledge-based parametric patterns
Authors: Lihachev M V , Poturemsky I V , Vygonsky Yu G , Leonenkov A D , Baranov V V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article demonstrates that creating theoretically grounded data model and product development processes within a common information space of the enterprise using the top down design approach is the assignment to be performed if the researchers take into account a wide variety of the interrelated issues, such as: managing the changes and configuration, reusing data, realizing the advantages of knowledge-based patterns. The similar data models and processes are currently demanded, since their implementation significantly reduces the time and money expenditures and improves the product quality at its development stage. The authors present their methodology of top down designing spacecraft based on top level CAD using knowledge-based patterns of spacecraft structure elements.
Priorities of technological development of raw material region
Authors: Filimonenko I V , Moskvina A V , Ryzhkova O V , Likhachev M A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The problems of technological development of the region’s industries seem relevant in connection with the need to ensure the competitiveness of their products in both local and international markets. The high-tech sector, as well as the sector of the “knowledge economy” are, in addition, the locomotives of the technological development of basic and infrastructure sectors, therefore, special attention is paid to the improvement of scientific research processes. The technological development of industries and the region as a whole is considered in the framework of a multisectoral model, which allows reflecting all the relationships and interactions arising under the influence of “global challenges”. The priority areas for the development of the high-tech sector were structured using the “smart specialization” model, which allows us to further highlight the technological and market opportunities for enhancing regional competitive advantages. Strategic positioning is presented in two sectors of the economy: basic and infrastructure; high-tech and “knowledge economy”. The capabilities of the strategies are aimed at creating competitiveness in local, regional and national markets. The concept of “smart specialization” combines strategies based on the creation of both our own technologies and those borrowed and adapted to our conditions. The map of technology positioning in the sphere of strategic alternatives defines the potential circle of participants in cluster systems for joint interaction, forming the scientific and innovative potential of the region.
High-tech small digital manufacturing in mechanical engineering
Authors: Platonova E V , Platonov V V , Timchenko V V , Zheltobruhov E M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article proposes creation of small high-tech engineering enterprises, which, in the context of a complete transition to digital technologies, will be able to solve effectively specific technological problems of large industrial enterprises and corporations. An example of an existing small digital enterprise is considered, where the technology for manufacturing foundry equipment for producing flat ingots for UC RUSAL is developed and implemented. Digital technologies are described using aggregation elements that were introduced during the modernization of the 6M610 longitudinally milling machine.
Features of the thermal imaging method for quality control of profile heat pipes
Authors: Petrov D A , Karachinov V A , Petrov A V , Ionov A S , Evstigneev D A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A new method for controlling the quality of a heat pipe is proposed and tested by separately using the conductive method of heat input and the optical method of measuring temperature at infrared wavelengths, as well as digital methods for processing the recorded brightness contrast of the heat field. The quality of the heat pipe is judged by the magnitude of the asymmetry coefficient of the isothermal surface relative to the heat supply zone, and the defect zone is visually determined by the distortion of the shape of the isothermal lines.
Mathematical model of the tool for reverse trimming of non-rigid products
Authors: Brichenkov S N , Sokolova I D , Beckel L S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the solution of the problem of ensuring the accuracy of non-rigid parts processing. For this purpose, it is proposed to use the developed tool for backcutting. In modern conditions of competition and struggle for the consumer manufacturers are increasingly resorting to improving the finished product quality characteristics as well as to using complex configuration parts in their mechanisms in order to reduce the mating parts number and improve the individual units reliability. These trends are the reason to the machining processes intensification, the new tools, metalworking equipment and devices creation. At present one of the actual tasks requiring non-standard solutions is the non-rigid parts processing, in particular the processing of surfaces that are difficult to reach by standard metal-cutting tools and tooling, such as the inner butt ends of the levers eyelets. To solve this problem the original reverse trimming tool was designed. This tools’ mathematical model is given in the article.
Creation of a methodology for predicting the appearance of knocks of shock absorber at the first stages of vehicle design
Authors: Cherepanov L A , Epishkin V E , Gordeev D A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The phenomenon existing in the automotive industry is considered, namely the valve “knock” associated with noise during the operation of the shock absorber. Road and bench tests of shock absorbers allowed explaining the causes of the valve «knock» - a developed method for predicting the appearance of knocks at the vehicle design is presented.
Identification of the relationship of the magnitude of the rise tool tooth and the physical and mechanical properties of the material and the tool broaching
Authors: Kuts V V , Kochergin V S , Razumov M S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article considers the existing methods of designing a broaching tool. The analysis revealed that they do not take into account the change in the physicomechanical measurements of the workpiece and tool occurring with the material at various temperatures in the cutting zone. The article offers a technique for taking this circumstance into account to increase the productivity of the pulling process. The method will allow to design a broaching tool for processing internal surfaces and it will increase the productivity of machining of internal surfaces.
Mechanical engineering design of IPA distillation column
Authors: Bamatov Ibragim M , Edelgeriev Ruslan S-D , Bamatov Dzhabrail M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Extractive distillation is one of the popular methods being leveraged to separate isopropyl alcohol (IPA) from water. This project demonstrates the mechanical design data for second distillation column in continuous flow process of propan-2-ol production. Moreover, a 3 dimensional view of the sieve tray (rising vapour and liquid flow) are illustrated.
Evaluation of the uniformity of plastic deformation under tension
Authors: Rastorguev D A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the method of estimating the uniformity of the axial strain distribution under tension of cylindrical samples. Such an assessment is necessary in the design and conduct of thermal power treatment within the procurement stage of the technological process. The technology of processing of low-rigid long-length blanks, which consists in simultaneous heating and deformation, mainly by stretching, is considered. This method provides the formation of straightness of the workpiece with alignment and reduction of residual process stresses. For long-length workpieces, the distribution of deformations in the axial direction across different zones is unstable. It is associated with the initial heterogeneity of the material properties, uneven heating and autowave nature of the plastic flow. A technique is considered that provides a comprehensive assessment of the uniformity of stretching along the length with sufficient simplicity and high objectivity. The results of using the developed integrated assessment for high-temperature tension of samples made of corrosion resistant alloy are presented.
Methodology for the formation of indicators balanced system for marketing activities of an industrial enterprise
Authors: Fedorova N V , Kukartsev V V , Tynchenko V S , Danilchenko Yu V , Ezhemanskaya S N , Sokolovskiy N V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article presents a methodology for the formation of BSC, which is presented as a tool for strategic and operational management of marketing activities. An industrial enterprise with a large number of competitors and retaining leadership positions was chosen as the object of research. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate marketing activities. An analysis of relations with customers, sales organizations, agents, dealers, subcontractors, commercial intermediaries of subsidiaries, and representative offices was carried out. The main activity of the enterprise is: production of precast concrete for brick and partial construction; production of precast concrete for panel housing series 111.97; construction and sale of housing (primary housing in brick or panel construction); production and laying of “pavers”. Strategic goals were set based on key factors and proposed options for their achievement, as a result of which the company will be able to grow in terms of marketing management. This topic is relevant for this enterprise.
Nonlinear dynamic system identification with a cooperative population-based algorithm featuring a restart metaheuristic
Authors: Brester C , Ryzhikov I , Stanovov V , Semenkin E , Kolehmainen M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Dynamic system identification is commonly reduced to an optimization problem which is complex and multimodal. To find a global optimum of this problem, evolutionary algorithms are often applied. However, as it was shown in many studies, conventional evolution-based algorithms do not demonstrate the acceptable performance for this class of problems, therefore, some effective modifications have been proposed so far. In our study, we combine two approaches which were previously used in linear dynamic system identification and allowed their accurate identification. More specifically, we present a cooperative evolutionary algorithm with a restart metaheuristic and apply it for the parameter identification of a nonlinear cascaded system. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed evolution-based identification compared to other known solutions of this problem.
Multi-population evolutionary algorithm SPEA2 for crystal structure determination from X-ray powder diffraction data
Authors: Zaloga A N , Burakov S V , Yakimov I S , Gusev K A , Dubinin P S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The problem of determining inorganic crystal structures with a large number of atoms from powder diffraction data is a relevant research task. In order to solve this problem, we made an algorithm of multi-objective optimization based on the SPEA2 approach implemented in a multi-threaded (parallel) version. This algorithm is a development of previously presented variants of single-criterion multi-population GA (MPGA). The article describes the algorithm and the results of applying to test crystal structures.
Development of control systems kit for study of PID controller in the framework of cyber-physical systems
Authors: Škraba Andrej , Stanovov Vladimir , Semenkin Eugene 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Control systems kit for studying the PID principles was developed using affordable microcontroller Arduino UNO and ARM Mini PC Raspberry Pi 3 Model B as well as GK802V5LE. PID algorithm in JavaScript/ECMAScript is provided. The concept of the Cyber-physical System is addressed and the possibility to extend the classical control system paradigm. A detailed description of the system structure is provided as well as the layout of the user interface, which enables us to monitor the key parameters of the PID control algorithm in real-time. Nodejs was used on the server-side as well as WebSockets for the communication between client and server. The proposed platform is suitable for rapid prototyping in the area of Cyber-physical Systems and the Internet of Things.
Maximum photovoltaic array power point tracking algorithm based on modified particle swarm optimization under non-uniform irradiance
Authors: Engel E A , Engel N E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Under fast-changing non-uniform solar irradiance level the multiple local maximum power points are observed but only one global maximum power point exists which lead to a dynamic optimization problem. This paper presents a maximum photovoltaic array power point tracking algorithm based on the modified particle swarm optimization. The modification of particle swarm optimization employs re-randomization and the particles around a maximum power point initialization. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides stability and fast maximum power point tracking of a photovoltaic array, as compared to a classical Perturb and Observe or particle swarm optimization algorithms under fast-changing non-uniform solar irradiance level.