bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family participation in ICU rounds—Working toward improvement
Authors: Roze des Ordons Amanda L. , Au Selena , Blades Kenneth , Stelfox Henry T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesFamily participation in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) bedside rounds has been advocated as a way to improve communication between families and health care providers; however, the associated impact and modulators have not been fully described. The purpose of this study was to explore benefits, drawbacks, barriers, and facilitators to family participation in ICU rounds in order to inform ways to improve how families are integrated into rounds.MethodsThis was a qualitative exploratory study of ICU patients' family members (n = 29) and health care providers (n = 35) who work in ICU settings. Interviews and focus groups were conducted, and thematic analysis was used for data analysis.ResultsBenefits and drawbacks for families were related to knowledge and emotional impact and for health care providers were related to knowledge and transparency, with rapport as an additional benefit and logistical impact as a drawback. Barriers and facilitators during rounds and outside of rounds were identified, and suggestions for improvement included preparing and orienting families, summarizing, teaching modifications, follow‐up, and organizational culture.ConclusionsOur study provides insight into the multiple processes involved in family participation in ICU rounds, along with suggestions for improvement. Our findings may help guide development of a structured approach to family participation in ICU rounds that can be adapted to local contexts.
Effect of osmotic agents and ultasonication on osmo‐convective drying of sweet lime (Citrus limetta) peel
Authors: Kumari Vinkal , Yadav Baljeet S. , B. Yadav Ritika , Nema Parbhat K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different osmotic agents (sucrose, maltodextrins, and stevia, 50° brix conc.), immersion time (2–8 hr), and ultrasonication treatment (33 KHz, for 2, 5 and 10 min) on water loss, solid gain, weight reduction and subsequent air drying (45°C) behaviour of sweet lime peel. Irrespective of immersion time, the average water loss, solid gain, and weight reduction were observed to be maximum with sucrose as osmotic agent followed by maltodextrins and stevia, respectively. There was only a slight increase in the values of water loss, solid gain, and weight reduction during the ultrasonic‐assisted osmotic dehydration. Sucrose was observed to be the best osmotic agent for osmo‐convective drying of the sweet lime peel. The ultrasound pretreated (10 min, 33 kHz) and sucrose‐osmosed sweet lime peel when subjected to air‐drying, the moisture content was decreased from 28.70 to 1.91%. The values of R2, adjusted R2, and RMSE and residuals analysis indicated that Page model satisfactorily described the drying behavior of sweet lime peel.Practical applicationsPeels are the main by‐products of sweet lime processing for juice manufacturing. The fruit waste is very rich in pectin and potentially valuable bioactive compounds including antioxidants. The findings of this study may prove instrumental in designing the osmo‐convective drying technology for the sweet lime peel. Since OD can contribute to the retention of useful bioactive compounds and the dried sweet lime peel in its powder form has high concentration of pectin, it can find useful applications in the health industry and food industry especially in processed products such as jams, jellies, or bakery products like biscuit and bread with added functionality and nutraceutical properties. The utilization of osmotically dried sweet lime peel will not only add to the income of sweet lime fruit processors but also provide an avenue for its waste disposal also.
From flooding to finance: NHS ambulance‐assisted evacuations of care home residents in Norfolk and Suffolk, UK
Authors: Johnson Sarah , Yu Dapeng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFocusing on the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk (UK), this investigation examines the effect of coastal and fluvial flooding on the use of ambulance service vehicles in the assisted evacuation of care home residents and quantifies the cost of this service to the NHS under flood conditions. This was completed using GIS Network Analyst functions to identify the impacts of flood probability (high: 1 in 30, medium: 1 in 30 to 1 in 100, and low: 1 in 100 to 1 in 1000) and target ambulance response‐times (7, 18, 120, and 180 min) on ambulance service area, road network accessibility, the number of vulnerable care homes and their accessibility, the appropriateness of pre‐identified evacuation routes, and the drive‐time based evacuation cost to the National Health Service (NHS). The results indicate that approximately 68 care homes and 2,320 residents in Norfolk and Suffolk are at risk of inundation, and care home accessibility, in addition to ambulance service area, decreases with shorter ambulance response‐times and lower flood probabilities. Additionally, the use of pre‐identified evacuation routes, by the ambulance service, promotes efficient navigation between ambulance stations, care homes, and rest centres, but can unfavourably cause network clustering if unmanaged. In association with these routes, an estimated cost of evacuation based on ambulance drive‐time was calculated at £34,000–£42,000 depending on flood probability. The importance of this research is highlighted by the current lack of identified flood evacuation and accessibility maps for emergency responder use, and the associated lack of evacuation cost estimations to be used by the government and NHS to budget for aid assistance during these natural disasters. Therefore, the application of this approach at a national level in the flood emergency planning process would be beneficial to promote strategic efficiency and financial preparedness of ambulance services for the purpose of ambulance‐assisted flood evacuations.
An evaluation of the physicochemical parameters and the content of the active ingredients in original formulas containing retinol
Authors: Zasada Malwina , Budzisz Elzbieta , Kolodziejska Justyna , Kalinowska‐Lis Urszula 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionThree original cosmetic formulations containing retinol as an active component with liquid crystal, lamellar, and lipid bases were prepared. The formulas contain different concentrations of retinol, that is, 0.5%, 0.3%, and 0.15%.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate a spectrophotometric method for assessing the quantity of retinol in the nine cosmetic products and to determine the viscosity of each formula.Materials and MethodsThe formulations were tested for stability; final product testing was preceded by sample weighing and pH measurement as well as exposure to the light source from xenon lamp that maps solar radiation in the range of 310‐800 nm. Microbiological purity test was performed according to the PN‐EN ISO 29621:2011 method and viscosity carried out using a cone‐plate digital rheometer (DV‐III Brookfield, version 3.0) on 0.5 cm3 emulsion samples at 32°C. The retinol content in preparations was assayed by UV spectrophotometry.ResultsEach of prepared cosmetic products with retinol storing in a room temperature occurred to be stable. The liquid crystal emulsion has the higher viscosity than lamellar and lipid emulsions. Although the retinol concentration in lipid serum was determined with high accuracy, the method has some limitations associated with differences between the lipid cosmetic base and the lamellar and liquid crystal sera. Nevertheless, the UV spectrophotometric method described herein is a simple and highly accurate approach for determining the retinol content in lipid cosmetics: Its coefficient of correlation was R2 = 0.9982 with a relative standard deviation (n = 3) in the range of 0.5%‐1.5%.ConclusionThe presented UV spectrophotometric method represents an effective tool for fast and accurate determination of retinol content in lipid formulations. Probably, the method could be used in studies of other retinol‐based preparations, for example, medications, and for determining the effective life of retinol‐containing products in storage.
A 22‐Year Follow Up of Immediate Implant Placement without Bone Augmentation: A Case Series Study
Authors: Assery Mansour 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeTo retrospectively evaluate the treatment outcome of immediate implants placed in fresh extraction sockets without bone augmentation after 22 years of function.Materials and MethodsThe study group received implant therapy in 1997, including surgical placement and prosthodontic rehabilitation. The mean age of the subjects at the time of implant placement was 40 ± 5.54 years. A total of 35 subjects received 36 implants in fresh extraction sockets without bone augmentation. Definitive prostheses were placed 4 to 6 months after implant placement. Implant treatment outcomes were evaluated using clinical and radiographic parameters obtained during follow‐up visits at 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 22 years after prosthetic loading.ResultsAmong the 35 treated subjects, five patients moved out of the country and could not be evaluated at the follow‐up times. A total of 29 subjects were included in the study with a drop‐out rate of 14.1%. Of these, one patient lost the implant during the osseointegration period before prosthodontic treatment. No other implant failure or complication during the rest of the follow‐up period was reported, thus giving a cumulative survival rate of 97.2% during the 22‐year follow‐up. The change in marginal bone level was less than 2 mm in most subjects at the 22‐year examination. The mean bone loss from baseline to 22‐year follow‐up was 1.61 mm, and the mean bone level at the 22‐year follow‐up examination was situated at 2.13 ± 0.023 mm from the implant platform, which was used as the reference point.ConclusionsImmediate implant placement in extraction sockets exhibits excellent prognosis even when bone augmentation is not performed.
Useful impacts of royal jelly on reproductive sides, fertility rate and sperm traits of animals
Authors: Abdelnour Sameh A. , Abd El‐Hack Mohamed E. , Alagawany Mahmoud , Taha Ayman E. , Elnesr Shaaban S. , Abd Elmonem Osama M. , Swelum Ayman A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRoyal jelly (RJ) is one of the furthermost valuable curative products mentioned by natural medicine scientists due to its promising medical and nutritional purposes. It possesses many impacts, including antioxidants, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions in human and animal that benefit their health and welfare, resulting in its widespread use in medical and commercial products and healthy food. Recently, favourable functions of RJ on male fertility have been reported in different animals. According to earlier literatures, the level of RJ supplementation in animal diet ranged from 100 to 200 mg/kg. Oral exposure to RJ has been reported to have oestrogenic influences in the adult female rats. Also, RJ may be influential in improvement of pregnancy and lambing rates of ewes. Oral administration of RJ at 100 mg/kg diet before sexual maturity enhanced sexual behaviour and semen quality of male rabbits. Moreover, RJ administration (up to 400 mg/kg diet once weekly) for male rabbits exposed to heat stress can counteract “summer infertility” and improve physiological responses. Furthermore, supplementation of freezing extender media with 0.1 or 3% RJ had a protective influence on cryopreserved and chilled spermatozoa of buffalo and ram respectively. However, the high dose of RJ oral administration (800 mg/kg) by pubescent male rats for 1 month had an undesirable effect on the reproductive system; however, the somewhat unfavourable influences were mitigated by the discontinuation of the administration. This review shows the chemical composition, favourable applications and health benefits of RJ and its effects on reproductive aspects, semen quality and in vitro fertilization outcomes which are advantageous for scientists, researchers, nutritionists, physiologists, embryologists, pharmacists, veterinarians, pharmaceutical industries and animal's breeders.
Extensive chromosomal rearrangements and rapid evolution of novel effector superfamilies contribute to host adaptation and speciation in the basal ascomycetous fungi
Authors: Wang Qinhu , Sun Manli , Zhang Yimei , Song Zhenzhen , Zhang Shijie , Zhang Qiang , Xu Jin‐Rong , Liu Huiquan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe basal ascomycetes in genus Taphrina have strict host specificity and coevolution with their host plants, making them appealing models for studying the genomic basis of ecological divergence and host adaption. We therefore performed genome sequencing and comparative genomics of different Taphrina species with distinct host ranges to reveal their evolution. We identified frequent chromosomal rearrangements and highly dynamic lineage‐specific (LS) genomic regions in Taphrina genomes. The LS regions occur at the flanking regions of chromosomal breakpoints, and are greatly enriched for DNA repeats, non‐core genes, and in planta up‐regulated genes. Furthermore, we identified hundreds of candidate secreted effector proteins (CSEPs) that are commonly organized in gene clusters that form distinct AT‐rich isochore‐like regions. Nearly half of the CSEPs constitute two novel superfamilies with modular structures unique to Taphrina. These CSEPs are commonly up‐regulated during infection, enriched in the LS regions, evolved faster, and underwent extensive gene gain and loss in different species. In addition to displaying signatures of positive selection, functional characterization of selected CSEP genes confirmed their roles in suppression of plant defence responses. Overall, our results showed that extensive chromosomal rearrangements and rapidly evolving CSEP superfamilies play important roles in speciation and host adaptation in the early‐branching ascomycetous fungi.
Sporadic Japanese case of adult‐onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia caused by a de novo p.Phe849del mutation in CSF1R
Authors: Senzaki Kensuke , Miura Shiroh , Ochi Masayuki , Katoh Takeaki , Okada Yoko , Matsumoto Sayaka , Shiraoka Akira , Ochi Hirofumi , Igase Michiya , Kitazawa Riko , Zhu Bin , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Ohyagi Yasumasa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAdult‐onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the colony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene. We, herein, report the first Japanese case of ALSP caused by a de novo p.Phe849del mutation in CSF1R: a 44‐year‐old man who presented callosal disconnection symptoms. Brain MRI revealed dilation of the lateral ventricles, periventricular white matter hyperintensities, and thinning of the corpus callosum with hyperintensities on T2‐weighted and FLAIR images. Brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed hypoperfusion in the anterior corpus callosum. White matter lesions in MRI and hypoperfusion in SPECT increased with age. A brain biopsy at 44 years revealed axonal spheroids. Callosal disconnection symptoms and hypoperfusion in the anterior corpus callosum may be important indicators of ALSP, especially when caused by a p.Phe849del CSF1R mutation.
Stomatal optimization based on xylem hydraulics (SOX) improves land surface model simulation of vegetation responses to climate
Authors: Eller Cleiton B. , Rowland Lucy , Mencuccini Maurizio , Rosas Teresa , Williams Karina , Harper Anna , Medlyn Belinda E. , Wagner Yael , Klein Tamir , Teodoro Grazielle S. , Oliveira Rafael S. , Matos Ilaine S. , Rosado Bruno H. P. , Fuchs Kathrin , Wohlfahrt Georg , Montagnani Leonardo , Meir Patrick , Sitch Stephen , Cox Peter M. 
Published: January 2020

Summary

Land surface models (LSMs) typically use empirical functions to represent vegetation responses to soil drought. These functions largely neglect recent advances in plant ecophysiology that link xylem hydraulic functioning with stomatal responses to climate.

We developed an analytical stomatal optimization model based on xylem hydraulics (SOX) to predict plant responses to drought. Coupling SOX to the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) LSM, we conducted a global evaluation of SOX against leaf‐ and ecosystem‐level observations.

SOX simulates leaf stomatal conductance responses to climate for woody plants more accurately and parsimoniously than the existing JULES stomatal conductance model. An ecosystem‐level evaluation at 70 eddy flux sites shows that SOX decreases the sensitivity of gross primary productivity (GPP) to soil moisture, which improves the model agreement with observations and increases the predicted annual GPP by 30% in relation to JULES. SOX decreases JULES root‐mean‐square error in GPP by up to 45% in evergreen tropical forests, and can simulate realistic patterns of canopy water potential and soil water dynamics at the studied sites.

SOX provides a parsimonious way to incorporate recent advances in plant hydraulics and optimality theory into LSMs, and an alternative to empirical stress factors.
A Brazilian multicentre study of 2,497 isolated cases of odontogenic keratocysts
Authors: Schuch Lauren Frenzel , de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Mosconi Carla , Kirschnick Laura Borges , Pinho Rodrigo Finger de Carvalho , Viveiros Stephanie Kenig , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , do Amaral‐Silva Gleyson Kleber , da Silva Leorik Pereira , Martins‐Chaves Roberta Rayra , Vasconcelos Ana Carolina Uchoa , Gomes Ana Paula Neutzling , Rivero Elena Riet Correa , Martins Manoela Domingues , Rados Pantelis Varvaki , de Almeida Oslei Paes , de Andrade Bruno Augusto Benevenuto , Romañach Mário José , Agostini Michelle , de Mendonça Elismauro Francisco , Pontes Hélder Antonio Rebelo , de Souza Lélia Batista , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , de Aguiar Maria Cássia Ferreira , de Sousa Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado , Mesquita Ricardo Alves 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe present the frequency of cases of isolated odontogenic keratocysts submitted to microscopic examination at 10 Brazilian referral centres in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. In a retrospective (1953–2017) analysis, data on clinicoradiographic features and treatment of these lesions were collected and analysed descriptively. Among the 258,867 cases retrieved, 2,497 (0.96%) were isolated odontogenic keratocysts. In summary, an overview of individuals affected with isolated odontogenic keratocysts is reported herein. This lesion showed predilection for the posterior mandible of young adult men.
Short‐Segment Fixation of Thoracolumbar Fractures with Incorporated Screws at the Level of Fracture
Authors: El Behairy Hassan Fathy , M Abdelaziz Ashraf , Saleh Ayman K , Elsherief Faisal Ahmed Hashem , Abuomira Ibrahim Elsayed Abdellatif , Elkawary Ahmed Ibrahim , Aldahshan Wael , Mahmoud Wael Sh 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of including the fractured vertebra in the short‐segment fixation of thoracolumbar (TL) fractures.MethodsA total of 32 patients with thoraco‐lumbar fractures, selected between August 2013 and February 2016, were managed by short‐segment fixation with screws at the level of the fracture, and decompression was performed only for patients with neurological deficits. The patients' functional outcome was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain and the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) score for neurological condition. All patients were followed up with radiographs.ResultsPatients with complete neurologic deficits (n = 3) did not show any neurologic recovery. All ASIA B patients improved to ASIA C. Five ASIA C patients improved to ASIA E. The remaining five ASIA C patients improved to ASIA D. All ASIA D patients improved to ASIA B. At the final follow‐up examination, the mean anterior vertebral height was 21 ± 5 mm, indicating no significant height loss during the follow‐up period.ConclusionShort‐segment fixation of TL fractures with inclusion of the fracture level into the construct offers good correction of segmental kyphosis, vertebral wedging, and vertebral height loss.
Unacknowledged Permissivism
Authors: Smith Julia Jael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEpistemic permissivismis the view that it is possible for two people to rationally hold incompatible attitudes towards some proposition on the basis of one body of evidence. In this paper, I defend a particular version of permissivism –unacknowledged permissivism(UP) – which says that permissivism is true but that no one can ever rationally believe that she is in a permissive case. I show that counter to what virtually all authors who have discussed UP claim, UP is an attractive view: It is compatible with the intuitive motivations for permissivism and avoids a significant challenge to permissivism: the arbitrariness objection.
miR156a‐targeted SBP‐Box transcription factor SlSPL13 regulates inflorescence morphogenesis by directly activating SFT in tomato
Authors: Cui Long , Zheng Fangyan , Wang Jiafa , Zhang Chunli , Xiao Fangming , Ye Jie , Li Changxing , Ye Zhibiao , Zhang Junhong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe inflorescences and lateral branches of higher plants are generated by lateral meristems. The structure of the inflorescence has a direct effect on fruit yield in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We previously demonstrated that miR156a plays important roles in determining the structures of the inflorescences and lateral branches in tomato by suppressing the expression of the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE (SPL) transcription factor gene family. However, information on regulatory pathways associated with inflorescence morphogenesis is still lacking. In this study, we demonstrate that SPL13 is the major SPL involved in miR156a‐regulated tomato inflorescence structure determination and lateral branch production. Suppressing the expression of SPL13 in tomato increases the number of inflorescences on vegetative branches and lateral branches, decreases the number of flowers and fruit, and reduces fruit size and yield. Genetic and biochemical evidence indicate that SPL13 controls inflorescence development by positively regulating the expression of the tomato inflorescence‐associated gene SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS (SFT) by directly binding to its promoter region. Thus, our findings provide a major advance to our understanding of the miR156a‐SlSPL‐based mechanism that regulates plant architecture and yield in tomato.