bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental substantiation of the effective height of a grain falling by a stream of liquid in an ergot release device
Authors: Saitov V E , Farafonov V G , Saitov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The bunker grain mass coming from the combines to the purification points contains, in addition to grain, weed and harmful impurities, which include toxic sclerotia of ergot, causing disease in people and animals, and even death. Existing grain cleaning machines do not provide for a single technological process the complete release of ergot sclerotium due to the similarity of their properties and the properties of the culture being cleaned. Ergot sclerotia are less dense than grains of rye, wheat, oats and barley, which are mostly affected by ergot. Therefore, the complete isolation of ergot sclerotia from grain in one process can be carried out in aqueous solutions of inorganic salts. In order to mechanize the separation of sclerotium ergot from the grain by the wet method and to develop a device for cleaning the grain material that is not complicated in design with low energy intensity of the technological process in comparison with the existing grain cleaning machines, practical experiments were carried out on immersion of winter rye grain of the Falenskaya 4 variety into the water and in the aqueous salt solution sodium chloride (NaCl). It has been established that the effective height of the location of the loading bin relative to the surface of the aqueous solution of salt in the bath of the device for extracting harmful impurities from the grain material by the wet method is 40.0–60.0×10−3 m, at which undesirable capture of the air bubble by the grains does not occur. This determines the improvement of the quality of the technological process of cleaning the grain from harmful impurities of the developed machine for the separation of ergot.
Assessment of individual reliability indicators and rational service life of agricultural tractors
Authors: Berdennikov E A , Smirnov A M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, a case-by case approach to optimizing and rationalizing the machine usage parameters is relevant. One of the ways to improve the efficiency of the machine and tractor fleet operation with regard to individual reliability indicators is to assess the rational tractor service life. According to the proposed model, the tractor is to be decommissioned when it ceases making a profit. Aiming to test the proposed model, ten 3 kN class tractors, operated in agricultural enterprises in the Vologda district of the Vologda region, have been under research for five years. As a result, it has been found out that all the tractors under study have different reliability and, consequently, different rational service life periods.
Technology of the main tillage of the abandoned fields
Authors: Boykov V M , Startsev S V , Protasov A A , Pavlov A V , Nesterov E S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The lands that turned out to be unclaimed for agrarian production pass into the category of waste, due to the spread of weeds on them. At the first stage, such lands pass through a wild grass stage with typical weed-field vegetation, where annual dicotyledons predominate, subsequently these plants are supplanted by perennial grasses, overgrown with shrubs and tree growth, and waste lands become uncultivated deposits. The presence of vegetation cover with a height of 1-1.7 m not only complicates the conduct of mechanical tillage, but also requires large amounts of energy. On lands left out of agricultural use, there is a noticeable change in soil properties. All agrochemical parameters of deposits have a lower value than arable land. On abandoned fields, along with a decrease in nutrients in the soil, there is a change in water and air conditions, which complicates the process of tilling. Entering abandoned fields in crop rotation for the production of agricultural products is an important economic problem of the day. The aim of the work is to develop the technology of the main tillage and dump plow for its implementation, ensuring the incorporation of tall plants in abandoned fields at low energy costs and high agrotechnical indicators.
Synergistic effect of the SHF electromagnetic field on the organometallic complex
Authors: Garipova N V , Kholodilina T N , Vanshin V V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper discusses a synergistic effect of the SHF electromagnetic field and high moisture content of the bran product with incorporated magnetic microparticles. The microparticles were standardized: the Fe size was 12.5–50 μm and the pycnometric density was 3.40 cm3. It was found that optimal processing conditions provide a significant increase in the temperature indicators of the experimental complex (EC) to 65 °C and 45% moisture content. It was shown that the SHF electromagnetic effect on the experimental complex allows production of a single complex of organic matter and magnetic agglomerates within a short period of time and energy range with the porosity of samples increased up to 74.14%. A microscope was used to examine the samples of the experimental complex and to analyze the microstructure of the resulting sample, where the structure was modified as a result of thermal exposure and it caused sintering of magnetic agglomerates and organic matter. The study results showed the necessity for further investigation of the synergistic effect of EC using the SHF electromagnetic method.
The effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on behavioral responses and blood values of the laboratory animals
Authors: Kazakova T V , Marshinskaia O V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (NP-TiO2) are the most widely used nanomaterial in various industries. However, the safety of NP-TiO2 has not been studied in full. The research was carried out with the «Wistar» rats (n=21). The nanoparticles of titanium dioxide obtained by the plasma chemical synthesis, were once administered intraperitoneally at doses of 15 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg (90 nm). On the 1st, 7th, and 14th days of the experiment, the emotional and motion activity was assessed using the Open Field test and the Infrared Actimeter system; the blood sampling was performed to evaluate the hematological and biochemical parameters. It was revealed that a single intraperitoneal injection of titanium dioxide nanoparticles at doses of 15 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg resulted the changes in the behavioral responses of animals, which were accompanied throughout the experiment by the increased motion activity and emotional stress. There were noted the changes in protein, fat and mineral metabolism, the enzymatic activity increased. Despite the fact that the administered doses were significantly different, the effects of exposure were similar, that indicates the absence of a dose-dependent effect. The greatest effect of exposure was recorded at the first day of the experiment.
Influence of cadmium on blood and hair trace elements and biochemical markers
Authors: Kiyaeva E V , Notova S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of low doses of cadmium on the content of chemical elements in the blood and hair, blood biochemical parameters and the concentration of metallothionein-1 in the serum of laboratory animals. The study was conducted on male Wistar rats from two months of age (N = 20, weight=160-180 g). The rats of experimental group were fed with Cd chloride (0.01 mg/kg BW) for 12 weeks. The elemental composition of blood and hairwas determined by atomic emission and mass spectrometry with inductively coupled argon plasma. Blood biochemical parameters were determined spectrometrically using a Clima MC-15 A/O Unimed analyzer. The concentration of metallothionein-1 was measured using ELISA kit.The content of copper, iron, zinc and cadmium significantly (p <0.001) changed in the blood of animals of the experimental group. In hair, the content of selenium, zinc and cadmium changed significantly (p <0.001). The concentration of ALT, AST and total bilirubin increased due to the toxic effects of cadmium. The concentration of MT1 in the blood of animals of the experimental group decreased (p <0.05).
Biological synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles of cobalt ferrate CoFe2O4 in an aqueous extract of Petroselinum crispum
Authors: Korotkova A M , Polivanova O B , Gavrish I A , Lebedev S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Synthesized CoFe2O4 nanopowders in an aqueous extract from the leaves of Petroselinum crispum (“Green” synthesis) in an acidic and alkaline medium. Physical and chemical certification of the synthesized nanomaterials by UV spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out. According to the UV spectra of CoFe2O4, obtained in an acidic medium, had a small shoulder at 242 nm and a peak at 292 nm, while the particles of alkaline nature had a plateau starting from 229 nm and a peak at 366 nm. SEM found that the synthesis environment also affects the morphology and size of CoFe2O4 bimetallic powders: during the synthesis in an alkaline medium, the particles were hemispherical in size from 30 to 100 nm, and in a slightly acidic medium (pH = 2), larger particles with cut diamond. The biological activity of cobalt ferrate was shown on the tolerance dynamics of Triticum vulgare L. plants (wheat). Wheat plants were grown in a hydroponic medium with the addition of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles in the range from 10–5 to 10–1 M to 14 days. CoFe2O4 powders of an acidic nature at concentrations of 10–2, 10–3, and 10–5 M reliably increased seed germination relative to intact samples by 48, 37, and 11%, respectively. In turn, CoFe2O4, synthesized in an alkaline medium, increased the index at dilutions of 10-3 and 10-4 M to 4 and 28%. A detailed analysis of metric indicators of T. vulgare seedlings after 14 days of exposure to CoFe2O4 allowed us to establish a higher resistance of test plants to nanopowders synthesized in an acidic medium. So, when exposed to particles synthesized in an acidic medium, in concentrations from 10-1 M to 10-5 M, an increase in the plant tolerance index of plants from 4 to 14% of the control was recorded. Alkaline CoFe2O4, under the same conditions, increased the rate from 1.2 to 16%. The intensity of the effect on the pigment apparatus of T. vulgare plants also depended on the synthesis conditions for CoFe2O4: at pH = 2, the amount of chlorophyll a decreased by no more than 2 times relative to the control, at pH = 9 - from 2 to 5 times (P≤0, 05).
Prospects of development of export of agricultural products and foodstuffs in the countries of the shanghai cooperation organization
Authors: Altukhov A I , Kundius V A , Kovaleva I V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to the export of agricultural products and foodstuffs of Russia. The assumption of perspective development of the market of agricultural products and food, including organic products for the Russian agriculture, mechanisms of development of export-oriented agriculture are proposed. The research substantiates the resource potential of the Russian regions of agro-industrial direction, in particular, the Altai Territory, and the prospects for the expansion of the production of ecologically clean, organic agricultural products and foodstuffs, their exports in order to improve the nutrition quality of population not only in Russia, but also in other countries. In this regard, the development of multilateral commercial and economic cooperation among the countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), which includes China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, India and Pakistan, is reasoned. In recent years, within the framework of this organization, the creation of a free trade zone, as well as infrastructure for trade and investment, is expected. It is economically feasible to attract business investments of these countries in the regions of Siberia and the Far East in order to create joint processing agro-industrial enterprises, including enterprises for advanced processing of grain in Altai. At the same time, it is necessary to conduct scientific research in the direction of substantiating strategic vectors and mechanisms for international cooperation in order to improve the quality of nutrition of population within individual countries and international associations.
Poultry by-products, reserve for growth of export potential of the industry
Authors: Roiter L M , Zazykina L A , Eremeeva N A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the scope of application of by-products from down-feather filling. It shows new tendencies and technologies of complex utilization of down-feather filling and other low-cost wastes of poultry processing industry in world and domestic practice. It analyzes the potential of Russian enterprises to use by-products as export potential.It was found out that despite the negative dynamics on the import of the respective products its value remains rather high that testifies to the possibilities of growth of the export component of the down-feather filling’ processing products.
Wastewaters from ethylenediamine production and assessment of their toxicity by bioindicator testing
Authors: Bykovsky N A , Kantor E A , Puchkova L N , Rahman P A , Fanakova N N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article discusses the occurrence of toxic wastewater from the production of ethylenediamine by aminating 1, 2-dichloroethane with ammonia. It is shown that wastewater from ethylenediamine production is formed at the stages of evaporation of ethylenediamine dihydrochloride and rectification of a mixture of amines obtained as a result of evaporation. In the first case, the wastewater contains a saturated NaCl solution with a content of 1÷2% of polyethylene polyamines, and in the second case, the wastewater is a solution containing about 1% of ethylenediamine and about 2% of ammonia. To study the toxicity of these wastewaters, watercress (Lepidium sativium) varieties Zabava and Krupnolistovoy were used. The assessment of toxic properties of wastewater was carried out according to such indicators as seed germination, the average length of seedlings and the dry weight of seedlings. It is revealed that the studied wastewaters have an acute toxic effect on the watercress of both varieties. It is shown that the regression equations obtained for the dry weight of seedlings and seed germination, in contrast to the length of the seedlings, do not adequately describe the experimental results and cannot be used to determine the safe dilution ratio. The safe dilution ratio, calculated using the average length of seedlings, ranges from 489.1 to 892.9 for various runoffs and watercress varieties. It is shown that the most toxic is the runoff containing a saturated NaCl solution with a content of 1÷2% polyethylene polyamines. Zabava is the most sensitive to the degree of effluent toxicity.
Assessing the ecological state of agricultural irrigated fields of the Orenburg gas processing complex with dumping sewage water for crop irrigation
Authors: Kruzhilin I P , Gamm T A , Mushinskiy A A , Fomin S D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to using wastewater of the Orenburg Gas Chemical Complex in the amount of up to 7.0 million m3 for irrigating agricultural crops with the purpose of additional cleaning of wastewater and increasing the yield of agricultural crops. Analyzing the obtained data, it is shown that in the arid climate with rainfall deficiency, the use of wastewater for irrigation of forage crops is the best variant in providing the necessary measures for preserving the ecological status of the agricultural sewage farms (ASF). As a result of own research over years 1982 – 2015, the influence on the ecological state of ASF soils was detected in the form of deterioration of the water-physical properties and increased content of easily soluble salts in the soil; with that, the content of gross and mobile forms of heavy metals is significantly lower than MPC, but slightly above the background values, which does not affect the quality of sorghum harvest. Pollutants accumulate in the top layer of soil; therefore, the impact on surface water bodies has not been established. The authors suppose that maintaining the ecological state of ASF requires some measures like the introduction of calcium-containing substances and optimization of the irrigation conditions. The practical importance of scientific research is that based on the obtained results, a project of ASF soil rehabilitation has been developed and put into production.
Digital land management
Authors: Papaskiri T V , Kasyanov A E , Alekseenko N N , Semochkin V N , Ananicheva E P , Shevchuk A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the issues of modernization of land management as a branch of the economy. Due to the digitalization of the economy, modernization is aimed at creating a digital land management system. Restructuring and digitalization of land management can create annual economic effects in all industries dependent on land management.
The use of covariance matrices in laboratory processing of geo-environmental data of field survey for development projects of land use planning
Authors: Vershinin V V , Fedorinov A V , Dontsov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper introduces the possibility of using covariance matrices in the factor analysis. The factors affect the effectiveness of issues’ solution, concerning the involvement of unused agricultural lands in the active economic turnover in land use planning projects. The usage of the analysis tool, proposed by the authors, helps to improve the efficiency and objectivity of project decision substantiation in land use planning.
Geothermal Waters in the Area between Guvendik and Malgaçemir (Aydin), Western Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Ozgur Nevzat , Tekkanat Seda Zehra 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The study area is located in the N of the town of Sultanhisar in the northern part of the continental rift zone of the Büyük Menderes within the Menderes Massif. In the area, the Paleozoic rocks consisting of intercalations of mica schists and marbles form the basement rocks which are overlain by Miocene and Pliocene sediments. The deep circulated geothermal waters in the area are of Na-HCO3 type and immature origin and were represented in terms of conceptual modelling in this study.
Benthic foraminifera of the Maastrichtian sediments from the Maliboğazi (Kalecik, Ankara) and Irmak (Kırıkkale) areas in Türkiye
Authors: Gormus Muhittin , Akoraler Hacer 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The investigation focuses on benthic foraminifera and their paleoecology, particularly on the Orbitoides genus in the Maaastrichtian sediments from the northern and western Ankara City (Turkey). The hard and soft rock samples from two measured sections, namely as Malibogazi (N Ankara) and Daryaka-Irmak (W Ankara, Kirikkale) were evaluated. More than one hundred equatorial and axial sections of the Orbitoides genus were prepared. The benthic foraminifera of the Maastrichtian sediments are as follows: Dorothia sp., Marssonella sp., Lenticulina sp., Saracenaria sp., Oolina sp., Cibicides sp., Gavelinella sp., Orbitoides apiculatus, O. gruenbachensis, O. medius, Pseudomphalocyclus sp., Omphalocyclus macroporus, Lepidorbitoides sp., Sirtina sp., Sulcoperculina globosa, S. vermunti, Siderolites calcitrapoides, Laffitteina mengaudi, Laffitteina sp. In the Malibogazi area, biometric data based on the internal and external parameters of the Orbitoides genus present reliable interpretations for paleoecological approaches of the Maastrichtian time. The calcareous siliciclastics comprise abundant Orbitoides apiculatus and O. gruenbachensis species. We have identified two ichnospecies as Maeandropolydora osmaneliensis and Curvichnus semorbis in the Orbitoides tests. It is thought that meandered microboring activity are related to parasitic life modes while cave shaped ones are associated with hermit type life modes. Orbitoides bearing siliciclastics overlies reefal sediments including biostromal limestones with rich rudist fauna, Thalassoniodes rich carbonates and massive, thick bedded limestones in the Maliboğazi area. In contrast, siliciclastics indicating open sea sediments outcrop widespreadly in the Irmak area. The obtained stratigraphical, sedimantological and paleontological data show that northern part of the Ankara was shallower than western part of the Ankara during the late Maastrichtian.
Passive Seismic Tomography as a Tool of Rock Burst Hazard Prognosis in Copper Ore Mine in Poland
Authors: Gogolewska Anna Barbara , Smolak Daria 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In Poland, underground mines of copper ores, which belong to KGHM Polish Copper JSC, have been struggling with seismic dynamic events such as tremors and rock bursts since almost the first years of exploitation i.e. the 70s of the twentieth century. Mining activities infringe the original stress balance and make the rock mass accumulate energy and then release it, which triggers seismic hazard even far away from a tremor epicentre. Therefore, prediction of the position, time and energy of tremors plays a significant role in mining operation especially in work safety. For this purpose, many observation methods including seismology, seismic, geotechnical-geological monitoring, are used; unfortunately, most of them help describe the state of the rock mass after but not prior to the occurrence of the seismic phenomena. Only passive seismic tomography is promising since it can be used to forecast, to some extent, the location of places of seismic energy excessive accumulation. In this method, on the basis of seismic events recorded in a given period, zones of high and low seismic wave velocity are determined (calculated), which in the near future may pose areas of increased seismic activity. The phenomenon of the increase of seismic longitudinal wave velocity with the increase of stress in rocks makes the ground of tomography calculations. The prime purpose of the paper is to assess passive seismic tomography as a means for forecasting and evaluation of seismic and rock burst hazard. To accomplish this, the analysis of seismic activity and archival seismic tomography results (seismic wave velocity zones and seismic anomaly zones) with reference to seismic phenomena, their energy, number and location were carried out. On the basis of obtained the results, the effectiveness of seismic hazard forecast with the use of passive seismic tomography was assessed. The research was carried out for one mining division of the Polkowice-Sieroszowice mine and covered ten years. This division was selected due to its high seismic activity and the permanent use of the passive seismic tomography to assess the seismic risk. Linear correlation and determination coefficients between seismic activity characteristics and seismic anomaly as well as longitudinal wave velocity were calculated. It was found that in the study area the effectiveness of passive seismic tomography in forecasting the seismic hazard is relatively satisfying since about half of the tremors were located within zones of high seismic activity (substantial velocity of P-waves and seismic positive anomalies)..