bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interlanguage interference of the Azerbaijani and Turkish languages: ways to address the problem (linguistic approach & teaching practice)
Authors: Aliyeva Zh. F. , Dursunova F. A. , Shtanov A. V. 
Published: March 2020

One of the core aspects the methodology of teaching foreign languages focuses on is the issue of interlanguage interference. In this paper it is referred to as some kind of a controversy between the primary and secondary linguistic personalities at the early stages of the latter. This is explained by the dominant nature of the native language compared to the foreign one and is represented:• at the formal level by the mechanical transfer of a certain form of the original native language from one of its levels – phonetic, lexical or grammatical, or• at the associative level of meanings and concepts – while constructing speech in a foreign language, one trensfers the association from the native one; this association is foregrounded within the framework of specific speech conceptual and semantic connections and is relevant for the native language, but senseless for the foreign one.As a rule, calquing results in consequences of different semantic complexity – from blocking a certain speech fragment in a foreign language due to its complete meaninglessness, to inaccuracy and semantic distortion.Interlanguage interference manifests itself differently in different language pairs. For a research it is important to understand how languages of the corresponding pair relate to each other – whether languages are completely different genealogically and typologically; or matching either genealogically or typologically; or closely related both genealogically and typologically. The aim of the paper is to study the interference in a pair of closely related languages: Azerbaijani & Turkish, where the former is native and the latter is foreign. This is a special case for study, since the significant similarity of the two languages, though providing many positive results, gives an absolutely specific type of interference. İt requires a detailed analysis in order to overcome the negative impact of the mother tongue on a foreign language in the process of foreign language acquisition.
Preparation of Nano Niosomes Loaded with Rutin and Aloe Gel Extract
Authors: Thi Hai Yen Tran , Thi Hien Hoang , Thi Thu Giang Vu 
Published: March 2020

Rutin is a natural flavonoid that has many effects on human health and beauty. However, rutin has low solubility and bioavailability. Niosomes are drug delivery system that enhance drug permeation of drug through the skin. Aloe is widly used in cosmetic preparations due to its anti-aging, moisturizing and essential skin nutrients. Therefore, the aim of study is preparation of nano niosomes, loaded with rutin and aloe gel extraction (rutin-aloe niosomes) by thin film hydration method. Rutin niosomes was reduced size by ultrasonic method. The size and distribution of vesicles were determined by dynamic light scattering method. Drug content in niosomal suspension was determined by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that rutin-aloe niosomes were prepared by thin-film hydration method using Span 60, cholesterol and rutin in molar ratio of 7:3:4 using aloe gel extract as hydration solvent. Mixture of methanol-chloroform (volume ratio 1:1) was used as solvent for solution of membrane companents for evaporation. The manufactured rutin-aloe niosomes had size of about 160 nm, the entrapment efficiency was 95,57% and drug loading was 32,06%.
Keywords
Rutin, aloe, niosomes, nano, entrapment efficiency, drug loading.
References
[1] A. Ganeshpurkar, A.K. Saluja, The Pharmacological Potential of Rutin, Saudi pharmaceutical journal 2 (2017) 149-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2016.04.025.[2] N.B. Mahale, P.D. Thakkar, Niosomes: novel sustained release nonionic stable vesicular systems—an overview, Advances in colloid and interface science 183 (2012) 46-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2012.08.002[3] V.B. Junyaprasert, P. Singhsa, Physicochemical properties and skin permeation of Span 60/Tween 60 niosomes of ellagic acid, International journal of pharmaceutics 2 (2012) 303-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.11.032.[4] A. Manosroi, P. Jantrawut et al, In vitro and in vivo skin anti-aging evaluation of gel containing niosomes loaded with a semi-purified fraction containing gallic acid from Terminalia chebula galls, Pharmaceutical biology 11 (2011) 1190-1203.https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2011.576347.[5] A. Surjushe, R. Vasani et al, Aloe vera: a short review, Indian journal of dermatology 4 (2008) 163 - 166. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.44785.[6] M. Takahashi, D. Kitamoto et al, Liposomes encapsulating Aloe vera leaf gel extract significantly enhance proliferation and collagen synthesis in human skin cell lines, Journal of oleo science 12 (2009) 643-650. https://doi.org/ 10.5650/jos.58.643.
Teaching the EU in Brexit Britain: Responsive Teaching at a Time of Uncertainty and Change
Authors: O'Mahony Jane 
Published: March 2020

The decision by the electorate of the United Kingdom (UK) in June 2016 marked the first time in its history that a member state of the European Union (EU) voted to leave. For the EU, its story is no longer primarily one of cooperation and integration but also of disintegration. For the UK, implementing Brexit has thrown its economic, geopolitical and territorial models into question in an unprecedented way. From the moment of the referendum result it was clear it was no longer going to be business as usual for scholars and teachers of the EU in the UK. Drawing on an action research approach, this article explores how the referendum result affected what and how this educator teaches the EU at a time of uncertainty and change for the UK. This is best encapsulated in the idea of responsiveness. This included responding to students’ desires to broaden and deepen what they study as they try to make sense of myriad complex and continuously changing political events in an age of the internet and social media, as well as navigating new social dynamics that have emerged in the classroom at a time when the politics of identity is increasingly salient.
À la recherche de la vision « normale » : mesurer l’acuité visuelle au XIXe siècle
Authors: Doria Corinne 
Published: March 2020

Cet article a pour objectif d’analyser les débats sur les normes définissant l’œil et la vision « normaux » pendant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle en Europe. Il s’attache en particulier à la création des tableaux ophtalmologiques, l’un des principaux instruments utilisés pour mesurer l’acuité visuelle. Après avoir évoqué le cadre historique dans lequel les tableaux visuels modernes ont été développés, nous présenterons les plus célèbres d’entre eux ainsi que leurs caractéristiques. Nous analyserons ensuite les débats entre ophtalmologistes sur ce que sont une vision ou un œil dits normaux et nous montrerons le décalage entre les définitions théoriques avancées et les résultats des études cliniques. Enfin, nous considérerons la question de la mesure de l’acuité visuelle en dévoilant, d’une part, la volonté des spécialistes d’établir un cadre normatif et, d’autre part, les multiples obstacles qu’ils ont affrontés.
L’Éducation des filles congolaises au maquis de Mulele : Arme de libération ou force d’(auto)destruction?
Authors: Kikumbi Annette Lembagusala , Depaepe Marc 
Published: March 2020

Depuis ses origines remontant au temps colonial, l’école congolaise est marquée par l’absence d’une relation dialectique «Ecole-Société » pouvant aboutir à un système harmonieux. Cette carence entraine la déculturation et le dualisme culturel au sein des structures éducatives. L’école maquisarde instituée par Mulele dans le Kwilu, présente un projet d’éducation compatible à la culture africaine. Dans cet article, nous donnons la voix aux maquisards (élèves et enseignants) qui racontent de leur vécu durant les années de la rébellion ; expériences qui seront qualifiés par les auteurs contre leur contexte historique et leurs mérites éducatifs. Notre question centrale consiste à savoir les effets de la dite insurrection sur l’éducation des filles. Qu’est-ce que la révolution leur a apporté de nouveau ? Comment s’organisaient les enseignements dans le maquis ? A quoi le rejet de la culture occidentale a-t-elle abouti ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous nous servons des expériences scolaires de 20 élèves et 12 enseignants qui soulignent les enjeux majeurs de l’éducation maquisarde. Nous nous limitons à la province du Kwilu, siège de la rébellion muleliste. En plus des entretiens, nos sources proviennent des archives des Sœurs Annonciades d’Heverlee et du carnet de notes tenu par un chef d’équipe des maquisards rencontré à Kikwit.Since its inception in the colonial period, the Congolese school has been characterised by the absence of a “School-Society” dialectical relationship, which could potentially lead to a harmonious system. This deficiency leads to deculturation and cultural dualism within educational structures. The “resistance” school set up by Mulele in the Kwilu region offers an educational approach that is compatible with African culture. In this article, we let members of the maquis (students and teachers) talk about their experiences during the years of the rebellion; experiences that are qualified by the authors against their historical background and educational merits. Our key question concerns the effects of the insurrection on the education of girls. What new elements did the revolution bring them? How was teaching organised in the maquis? What did the rejection of Western culture lead to? To answer these questions, we look at the experiences of 20 pupils and 12 teachers which highlight the major issues facing education in the maquis. Here, we limit ourselves to the province of Kwilu, the heart of the rebellion led by Mulele. In addition to the interviews, our sources include the archives of the Annonciades Sisters of Heverlee and the notebook kept by a team leader of the maquisards met in Kikwit.
Reliability of a virtual reality driving simulator for individuals with neurological disorders
Authors: Patrick Kristina , Azar Martina , Bosenbark Danielle , Schultheis Maria T. 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: Virtual reality (VR) offers an innovative method to assess the impact of neurocognitive deficits on daily activities like driving. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the reliability of a VR driving simulator (VRDS) in assessing driving behaviors. METHODS: Participants included 91 individuals with a neurological condition (e.g., acquired brain injury, multiple sclerosis) and 59 participants with no history of neurological disorder. Internal consistency and split half reliability were examined from data for all participants for driving speed, lane positioning, and steering on a rural segment of the virtual reality driving simulator route. Test-retest reliability was examined for data from the 22 drivers who completed the same route sections across two time periods. RESULTS: Internal consistency and split half reliability were excellent (alphas [Formula: see text] 0.90) for speed and lane positioning on a basic rural route. Test-retest reliability was variable with adequate to good reliability of lane positioning and steering but poor reliability of speed. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that VRDS is a generally reliable instrument for measuring speed, lane positioning, and steering in a virtual basic rural driving environment. Reliability of repeated testing is not consistent, likely due to practice effects, highlighting the importance of using a comparison group in VRDS studies.
Fungi Associated With Common Spices In Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Tusnim , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar MA 
Published: March 2020

Association of fungi in chili (Capsicum fruticance L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) was investigated. A total of 19 species of fungi under ten genera and one sterile mycelial fungus was isolated from the three spices. Out of ten genera three belong to Phycomycetes, one genus belongs to Ascomycetes and rest belongs to Deuteromycetes. The most frequent contaminants of the spices were Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, A. flavus Link, Fusarium nivale, Pestalotia sp. and Rhizopus sp. Dried fruits of the spices showed maximum number of fungal association in comparison with the respective commercial brand powder samples. Out of three plant extracts. A. sativum was found to inhibit the growth of all the test isolates at all concentrations.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 179-186, December 2014
Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles Using Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) As A Capping Agent
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Sharif , Miran Muhammed Shah , Md Rokonujjaman - , Susan Md Abu Bin Hasan , Mollah M Yousuf A , Rahman MM 
Published: March 2020

Nickel nanoparticies (NNPs) were synthesized by reduction of nickel (II) using poiy(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a capping agent. The NNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The addition of PVA has been found to profoundly influence the size, agglomeration and distribution of NNPs. The average diameters of NNPs are in the range of 3-7 nm in presence of PVA. XRD data indicate that NNPs are crystalline with face centered cubic structures. SEM images show the existence of secondary structures such as clusters and loops resulted from interactions between particles. The sizes of the NNPs were by and large uniform due to the use of PVA as the capping agent. FT-IR and thermogravimetric analyses confirm the interaction of PVA w ith NNPs to offer improved thermal stability
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 197-205, December 2014
Haemorrhoidal LASER Procedure (HeLP)- A painless Treatment for Haemorrhoid
Authors: Rahman ASM ZAhidur , Rahman Tanjilur , Hasan Mehedi , Chandra Sushanta 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: According to the vascular theory arterial overflow in the superior haemorrhoidal arteries would lead to dilatation of the haemorrhoidal venous plexus. The technique helps to promote the obliteration of the terminals of the superior rectal artery. The objective of this study is to describe the results of 100 patients with hemorrhoidal disease treated by the Hemorrhoidal LASER Procedure technique.
Method: Under SAB anesthesia terminal arteriole of the upper rectal arteries were fulgurated by fiber laser diode, causing interruption of hemorrhoidal flow. This procedure is repeated circumferentially, following the clockwise positions.This procedure can be performed as a day care surgery.
Results: Between January 2018 to January 2019, 100 patients underwent the Hemorrhoidal LASER Procedure technique for hemorrhoidal disease grades I, II and III. Total 100 patients were treated with HeLP procedure. Among them number of men was 81 and female was 19.The procedure proved to be successful at 3 month follow up of 92% patient. No major adverse effects or complications were reported. Post operative minor pain that required medication was 5 cases (5% patient). Postoperative minor bleeding was observed in 3 cases that were managed conservatively. At 3 month after procedure resolution of symptoms were observed in 88% cases with overall satisfaction rate was 89%. Significantly higher quality of life was observed in laser haemorrhoidal procedure.
Conclusion: Hemorrhoidal LASER Procedure is a painless outpatient technique .It is a safe, effective, improve symptoms & chance of cure is high compared to other conventional surgery. Similar benefits are seen for patient with severe anal spasm, external thrombosis, fissure and sentinel tags & fistula.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 18-22
Clinical Profile and Co-morbidities of Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Bangladesh
Authors: Syed Sifat E , Mullick Mohammad  SI 
Published: March 2020

Background: Among juvenile behavior disorders, Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) are predominant ones and are of great concern because of their high degree of impairment.
Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, during the period from August 2011 to November 2012 with sample size of 81. During data collection, semi-structured questionnaire designed by the researcher containing socio-demographic variables and Developments and Well–Being Assessment (DAWBA) – self, parent and teacher version were used.
Results: Symptom profile showed that oppositional symptoms had no significant age or gender difference but aggressive symptoms, status offenses and property offenses were clearly more common among boys. Younger boys with Conduct disorder showed more aggressive symptoms, but status offense was more prevalent in older age group. Property offenses showed no age difference. Psychiatric co-morbidity was present in 48.1% respondents, among them; Attention- Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was highest (24.7%). ADHD was more prevalent in children with ODD and Major Depressive Disorder was more common in Conduct disorder. Total percentage of anxiety disorders was 14.8%.
Conclusion: This was the first study in Bangladesh exploring the clinical profiles of Conduct disorder and Oppositional defiant disorder in hospital setting. Absence of control group and city based study places were the limitations of the research.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 29-34
Impact Of Socio-Economic Attributes On The Living Standards Of Females In Farming System Of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah TI , Anwer HN , Musa M , Sher F 
Published: March 2020

In the context of farming, Punjab is bestowed with fertile land. It is a land of five rivers and friendly atmosphere for agriculture as well as for livestock. Majority of its population lives in rural areas and its major source of income is based on agriculture. Women are contributing a significant share in the field of farming. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of socio-economic factors on the living conditions of those women who are involved in any farming activities. The nature of study was quantitative. 400 women were selected through multiple sampling techniques from three different geographical zones of Punjab. The tool for data collection was interview schedule. Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) was used for quantitative analysis for enhancing the scope and validity of research. Bi-variate analysis was carried out for showing the relationship between variables. The study revealed positive as well as negative impacts on living conditions of women in this sector. This study shed a light on women participation as a farmer and its impact on their lives. The major suggestions were made after conducting the research that there should be proper training for women in agriculture sector. Proper health and education facilities should be provided to them and their children. Government should make policies to facilitate the women in farming system.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 53-66 (2019)
The effect of Touch Math multi-sensory program on teaching basic computation skills to young children identified as at risk for the acquisition of computation skills
Authors: ELawady Abdou Rabab Abdallah 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of Touch Math multi-sensory program on teaching basic computation skills to young children identified as at risk for the acquisition of computation skills. The children selected for the present study were all kindergarteners from two public kindergarten schools, located at Nasr city, Cairo. 40 children from both schools were included. Of the children who participated in the study (N= 40), 72% were male and 28% were female. Mean age was 5.3 years. A quasi-experimental, two-groups pretest-posttest design was employed, where the same dependent variables (addition skills and subtraction skills) were measured in the two groups of children before (pretest) and after (posttest) a treatment was administered. Using two-way ANOVA, the author analyzed the data from the pre- and post-test. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 18.0. The results of the two-way ANOVA and t- test showed that there were differences in post- test mean scores between experimental and control groups in addition and subtraction skills. In favor of the experimental group, which indicated the effectiveness of Touch Math multi-sensory program. Implications for practice, recommendations for future research and conclusion were included.
Modernization of administrative procedures for licensing and accreditation in the field of higher education in Ukraine
Authors: Skochylias-Pavlіv Olha Vasylivna , Hryshyna Nataliia Viktorivna , Romtsiv Olena Ihorivna , Nizhnik Oleksandr Stepanovich 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the article is to identify the main directions of modernization for licensing and accreditation procedures in the field of higher education in Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: 1) to define the concepts of licensing and accreditation as administrative procedures; 2) to identify existing shortcomings for practical implementation of these procedures; 3) to outline the ways to improve the licensing and accreditation process in higher education.

The following methods of scientific cognition were used while working on the article: structural and functional, comparative and legal, formal and logical, modeling, analysis and synthesis.

Guarantee and quality assurance of higher education in Ukraine is impossible without the introduction of independent and effective administrative licensing and accreditation procedures. The content of licensing and accreditation as administrative procedures has been defined. The current state of regulatory procedures resolution for licensing educational activities and accreditation of educational programs has been considered. The main directions of the licensing and accreditation system modernization in the field of higher education in Ukraine have been highlighted. It has been emphasized that the solution of this problem requires the implementation of a number of measures to improve the licensing and accreditation procedures as components of the Ukrainian higher education control system.

The study concluded that the main task in this field should be the optimization of the procedures by simplifying them, ensuring objectivity, transparency, anti-corruption; reviewing and simplifying licensing and accreditation procedures by reducing phasing and duplication of functions; possible reduction of some existing terms of case trying; introduction of a single electronic document flow during licensing or accreditation, etc.
Prevention of breast cancer
Authors: Zamaliauskaitė Inga , Šniurevičiūtė Liveta , Domeikienė Auksė 
Published: March 2020

Objective. Breast cancer is the most common tumor in women. The purpose of this article is to find out the ways how to reduce the risk of breast cancer. Methods. The systematic review was based on PRISMA guidelines. Database was performed by using PubMed, Cochrane Library. There were analyzed 16 articles. Results. It was found correlation between the risk of breast cancer and the Mediterranean diet ((RR)=0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.21 to 0.88, n=1 study) (RR=0.92, 95% CI=0.87 to 0.96, n=16 studies); citrus fruits ((OR) = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.85–0.96; p < 0.001), cruciferous vegetables (RR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.77–0.94), mushrooms (RR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.91–0.97 for postmenopausal women; RR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.91–1.00 for premenopausal women); physical activity (RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.85, 0.90); breast feeding (OR = 0.025); being ever pregnant (OR = 0.018). Conclusion. The main preventive methods of breast cancer are following Mediterranean and vegetarian diets, consumption of cruciferous vegetables, citrus fruits, soy, mushrooms and physical activity. Further research is needed.