bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term neurodevelopment outcomes of regional vs general anesthesia for infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy
Authors: Yuan Tao , Yang Wenming , Yang Lei , Liu Xueting , Yang Lie , Li Yu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Whether regional anesthesia (RA) offers better long-term neurodevelopment outcomes compared to general anesthesia (GA) to infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy is still under heated debate. The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare the long-term neurodevelopment impact of RA with GA on infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy.

Methods:
A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, clinicaltrials.gov and controlledtrials.com will be performed. Published eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs (including abstracts) through May 20, 2020 with language limit of English will be enrolled in the meta-analysis. Two reviewers will independently conduct the procedures of study selection, data extraction, methodological quality assessment, and risk of bias assessment. The primary outcome is long-term neurodevelopmental state (at 2- and 5-year follow-up) as reflected in the Bayley and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) scales of infants development following surgeries. The secondary outcomes consist of satisfactory intraoperative infants immobility, duration of surgery, any anesthetic failure, the supplement of postoperative analgesia, postoperative apnea, and postoperative bradycardia. The pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) or odds ratios (ORs) of each outcome measurement and relative 95% confident intervals (CIs) will be calculated. EndNote X8 (Clarivate Analytics) software will be applied to manage all citations. The Cochrane Review Manager version 5.3 software (RevMan 5.3) will be employed for statistical analysis.

Discussion:
This study will summarize scientific and practical evidence and provide evidence-based individualized decision-making guidance on anesthesia regimen for inguinal herniorrhaphy in infants.

Registration:
This protocol was registered with the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (INPLASY) on 17 June 2020 (registration number INPLASY202060064).
Retinal nerve fiber layer changes in migraine
Authors: Lin XiaoGuang , Yi ZhongQuan , Zhang XueLing , Liu QinQin , Cai RuYuan , Chen ChaoChun , Zhang HongJie , Zhao PanWen , Pan PingLei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Migraine is a common neurological disease, which seriously affects the quality of life and daily activities of patients. Although migraine is a transient phenomenon of cerebral vasoconstriction, it is well documented that recurrent attacks of migraine may lead to abnormalities in retinal structure. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a sensitive method to detect subtle damage in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). There have been many studies investigating the difference in RNFL thickness with optical coherence tomography (OCT) between migraine patients and healthy controls. However, the results were not consistent. Our purpose is to perform a meta-analysis to investigate RNFL alterations in migraine.

Methods:
We will search PubMed, Embase, Web of science for studies assessing the differences in RNFL measured by OCT between patients with migraine and healthy controls. Case-control studies published in English will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen eligible articles, extract data, and assess quality. This meta-analysis will synthesize selected research data and compare the difference in RNFL thickness between patients with migraine and healthy controls. We will use Stata 15 in this meta-analysis. I2 statistics will be used to assess heterogeneity. If I2 ≤ 50%, the data are synthesized will use a fixed effect model. Otherwise, a random effect model will be performed. Publication bias will be determined by the Egger test. The methodological quality of all included studies will be evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). We will perform subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression analysis to test the robustness of the results.

Results:
We will obtain quantitative results regarding the difference in RNFL thickness between migraine patients and healthy controls. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusions:
The results of this study provide a high-quality synthesis of existing evidence and provide a basis for assessing the effect of migraine on the thickness of RNFL.

Registration number:
INPLASY 202060033
An 11-year retrospective study: clinicopathological and survival analysis of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm
Authors: Liu Hua , Xie Rongli , Zhao Zhifeng , Xu Dan , Yang Kaige , Ding Min , Tan Dan , Liao Wenqiang , Han Xujie , Zhang Jun , Shen Dongjie , Yuan Jianmin , Xu Zhiwei , Fei Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and relevant prognostic factors of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (GEP-NEN), to improve our understanding of GEP-NEN.
This was a retrospective analysis of 155 patients (average age 53.7 ± 13.6 years) pathologically diagnosed with GEP-NEN. We analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and prognostic factors of GEP-NEN.
The most common primary site was the pancreas (41.9%), followed by the rectum, stomach and duodenum. Most cases were nonfunctional GEP-NENs (149/155) with nonspecific symptoms. TNM stage and histological grade were determined by the latest criteria. Surgical resection was the mainstay of treatment in 150 patients, and 22 patients received chemotherapy under different circumstances. A total of 130 patients were followed up for a median of 44 months, and 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 82.3% and 72.3%, respectively. According to univariate and multivariate analysis, incidental diagnosis, maximum tumor diameter, tumor stage, lymph node and distant metastasis, TNM stage, and histological grade were significantly correlated with overall survival, but histological grade was the only factor confirmed as an independent prognostic factor for long-term survival of GEP-NEN.
GEP-NEN, with an increasing trend in incidence, occurred most frequently in the pancreas. Nonfunctional tumors with nonspecific symptoms comprised the majority of cases. The main treatment was surgical resection. Histological grade was confirmed as the only independent prognostic factor.
Computed tomographic findings of chest injuries following cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Jang Seo Jin , Cha Yoon Ki , Kim Jeung Sook , Do Han Ho , Bak So Hyeon , Kwack Won Gun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Chest injuries are common and inevitable complications of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study aimed to investigate lung parenchymal and thoracic skeletal injuries after CPR by using computed tomography (CT) and to analyze the correlation between the duration of CPR and related complications.
We examined 43 non-traumatic cardiac arrest patients who were successfully resuscitated after CPR and had chest CT scans within 24 hours of CPR. Lung parenchymal injuries were assessed by quantifying the lung contusion score (LCS) on the CT images, and each skeletal injury was investigated by classifying the location and the distribution. Other CPR-related chest injuries were also described, such as pleural effusion/hemothorax, pneumothorax, and retrosternal hematoma. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine whether the duration of CPR was correlated with each complication.
Lung contusions were found in all of the patients (mean LCS: 22, range: 5–47). The distribution of lung contusions were predominantly in the bilateral dependent portions of the lungs (41 patients). All of the rib fractures occurred in the anterior arc (43 patients), and the sternal fractures occurred predominantly in the mid-sternal body (31 patients). In patients younger than 70 years old, the number of rib fractures significantly increased among those who underwent CPR for more than 25 minutes compared to those who received CPR for less than 25 minutes (median 4.5 vs 9; mean 8.3 vs 5.6 per person, respectively; P = .035). The risk of sternal fracture tended to be higher for patients who received CPR for more than 10 minutes compared to those who received CPR for less than 10 minutes (odds ratio: 3.60; 95% confidence interval: 0.86–15.06; P = .079). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between the duration of CPR and LCS or other CPR-related chest injuries.
The duration of CPR was associated with the number of rib fractures and the occurrence of sternal fractures, but it did not affect the extent of CPR-related lung contusions or other CPR-related chest injuries. All of the rib fractures occurred in the anterior arc, while the sternal fractures occurred predominantly in the mid-sternal body. However, since this study was conducted in a single institution, the number of patients included was relatively small, thus limiting the statistical analysis.
Relationship between chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions and health-related quality of life in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Prieto-Callejero Blanca , Rivera Francisco , Fagundo-Rivera Javier , Romero Adolfo , Romero-Martín Macarena , Gómez-Salgado Juan , Ruiz-Frutos Carlos 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background and objectives:
Chemotherapy does not only affect cancer cells; it also affects, to a greater or lesser degree, all other cells in the body. This toxicity should be assessed according to its severity, frequency, and duration, taking into account objective and subjective dimensions in its assessment. This assessment is a highly relevant aspect when providing care to chemotherapy patients, mainly due to the impact of the treatment on the patient's quality of life, as well as the vital risk it may imply under certain circumstances. For all this, the objective of this study was to assess the relationship between chemotherapy-associated adverse reactions and health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients.

Materials and methods:
With this purpose, a descriptive cross-sectional study was developed on 110 breast cancer patients who were treated with docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide.

Results:
It is worth highlighting the negative effect of nausea, dysgeusia, peripheral neuropathy, loss of appetite, myalgia, and peripheral edema on the quality of life. Likewise, it is worth mentioning peripheral neuropathy as the toxicity that affects a greater number of quality-of-life indicators.

Conclusions:
To sum up, it would be necessary to make health professionals aware of the importance of chemotherapy-associated adverse reactions.
Peptic ulcer does not increase the risk of dementia
Authors: Choi Hyo Geun , Soh Jae Seung , Lim Jae Sung , Sim Song Yong , Jung Yoon Jung , Lee Suk Woo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Studies have shown that peptic ulcer disease (PUD) increases the risk of dementia via the mechanism of systemic inflammation. We examined the association between PUD and the risk of dementia using a population-based national sample cohort from South Korea.
Using the national cohort study from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, we extracted data for patients with dementia (n = 11,434) and for 1:4 matched control participants (n = 45,736) and then analyzed the previous histories of PUD from 2002 to 2013 using conditional logistic regression analyses. The controls were matched to the patients according to age, sex, income, region of residence, and past medical history. Subgroup analyses were performed based on age and sex.
There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of PUD between the dementia and control groups (18.0% vs 17.4%, P = .107). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for PUD was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.88–0.97, P = .002). In the subgroup analysis based on age, the adjusted ORs for PUD were 0.93 (95% CI = 0.88–0.99) in the <80-year-old group and 0.90 (95% CI = 0.82–1.00) in the ≥80-year-old group (each P < .05). In the subgroup analysis based on sex, the adjusted ORs for PUD were 0.89 (95% CI = 0.81–0.97; P < .05) in men and 0.94 (95% CI = 0.89–1.00; P = .06) in women.
PUD does not increase the risk of dementia at any age or in either sex after adjusting for age and the history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and depression.
Myopathy is a Risk Factor for Poor Prognosis of Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Zhou Meiju , Jiang Lichun , Nie Liuyan , Chen Ting , Zhang Ting , Sun Wenjia , Sutikno Joshua , Du Yan , Xue Jing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To compare clinical characteristics and identify long-term outcomes of Chinese patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with and without muscle involvement.
We retrospectively investigated the medical records, laboratory results, and computed tomography images of 204 consecutive SSc patients. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to determine survival rates. Patients were allocated into groups with and without myopathy.
The prevalence of myopathy was 21.6%. The myopathy group was more likely to develop diffuse cutaneous involvement (90.9% vs 56%, P = .006), interstitial lung disease (90% vs 56%, P < .001), digestive system involvement (56.7% vs 29.3%, P = .001), pulmonary hypertension (29.5% vs 10.5%, P = .004), and pericardial effusion (25% vs. 10%, P = .019). Patients with myopathy had lower single-breath diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon oxide (46.5 ± 11.1 vs 57.1 ± 13.4, P < .001).Further, the myopathy group has similar results in interstitial lung disease associated higher resolution computed tomography score (186.8 ± 64.5 vs 152.3 ± 45.5, P = .037), Valentini score for disease activity (3.4 ± 0.9 vs 2.0 ± 0.9, P < .001) and modified Rodnan total skin score (19.4 ± 6.1 vs 15.1 ± 7.7, P
= .002), compared with non-myopathy group. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed decreased overall survival rate of the myopathy group (P = .028).
SSc Patients with myopathy had more severe clinical manifestations and higher disease activity compared with those without, which affected survival rates and indicated worse prognosis.
Triphasic waves in electroencephalogram as a possible early marker of carcinomatous meningitis: a case report
Authors: Liu Chang , Cheng Shihuan , Ma Yue , Liu Caiyun , Lv Yudan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Carcinomatous meningitis is a rare neurological complication. This condition is difficult to diagnose, and misdiagnosis is common because the clinical manifestations are variable. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology is the gold standard for diagnosis. Repeated lumbar puncture is required because of the low positive rate. Our case showed triphasic waves (TWs) in an electroencephalogram (EEG) before cancer cells were detected in cytology. We report this case to demonstrate that TWs in EEG may be a prognostic marker in patients with carcinomatous meningitis.

Patient concerns:
A 76-year-old Chinese male displayed incremental headache, nausea, emesis, and intermittent fever for 2 months. A routine scalp EEG showed mild slow background activity. The CSF analysis demonstrated a slight increase in protein, and the white blood cell count was in the normal range. Cytology did not show any atypical cells. Viral meningitis was considered for the first time.

Diagnosis:
After admission, a long-term EEG was performed because of his fever and mild abnormalities in the routine EEG. The second EEG showed asymmetric TWs in the frontal brain regions. Lung adenocarcinoma was found after systemic investigation. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with carcinomatous meningitis based on repeated CSF cytology.

Interventions:
The patient received systemic chemotherapy in the Department of Oncology.

Outcomes:
The patient was followed up monthly, and he was lost to follow-up in the sixth month after carcinomatous meningitis was diagnosed.

Lessons:
It is difficult to make a diagnosis in the early stage of carcinomatous meningitis because the clinical manifestations lack specificity. Repeated lumbar puncture is time consuming and is painful for the patients. In our case, TWs in EEG were detected before cancer cells were found in cytology. EEG should be performed when carcinomatous meningitis is under consideration.
Primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Shen Feifei , Li Gang , Jiang Huifeng , Zhao Shupeng , Qi Fengjie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Pilot studies have reported that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) appear more likely to develop into neoplasia, especially lymphatic hyperplasia diseases. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of the concomitant onset of SLE and primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PB-DLBCL).

Patient concerns:
We reported an unusual case of the occurrence of primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a 25-year-old female patient who had been diagnosed with SLE and treated with immunosuppressive drugs for about 4 years. She presented a 7-week history of a painless mass above the left breast and no history suggestive of any nipple discharge, fever, and weight loss.

Diagnosis:
Ultrasonography of the breast showed that there was 1 mass in the left breast. After breast mass surgical resection, histopathological examinations were performed and revealed that it was primary breast diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Interventions:
Treatment strategy with vincristine and dexamethasone was used to improve symptoms. However, the patient's renal function deteriorated and the blood potassium rose continuously and she and their family members refused the follow-up treatments.

Outcomes:
The patient died 8 months after she was discharged from the hospital.

Lessons:
PB-DLBCL is a rare occurrence in SLE patients. Therefore, a careful examination is very important in SLE cohort, as activity of the disease and malignancy may mimic each other. Meanwhile, when symptoms cannot be explained or insensitive to treatment, the occurrence of malignant tumors must be highly considered.
Social cognition in multiple sclerosis and its subtypes
Authors: Lin XiaoGuang , Zhang XueLing , Liu QinQin , Zhao PanWen , Zhong JianGuo , Pan PingLei , Wang GenDi , Yi ZhongQuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative neurological disorder of the central nervous system. Cognitive impairment is frequent in MS patients, which not only includes deficits in abilities assessed by traditional neuropsychological batteries, but also often features impairments in social cognition (including theory of mind and facial emotion recognition). Recently, numerous studies have assessed social cognition performance in MS. However, there have been inconsistent findings. Besides, it is not clear how social cognitive abilities are affected in MS subtypes. The aim of this study is to conduct a meta-analysis to characterize social cognition performance in MS and its subtypes (clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting MS, progressive primary MS, and secondary progressive MS).

Methods:
Literature sources will be divided into 2 sections: electronic sources and manual sources. A systematic literature search will be performed for eligible studies published up to June 10, 2020 in 3 international databases (Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science). In addition, manual sources will be searched, such as the references of all included studies. Two researchers will independently conduct the work such as article retrieval, screening, quality evaluation, data collection. Meta-analysis will be conducted using Stata 15.0 software.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusions:
This meta-analysis will provide a high-quality synthesis from existing evidence for social cognition performance in MS and its subtypes.

PROSPERO registration number:
INPLASY202070028.
Dopa-responsive dystonia caused by tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency
Authors: Dong Han-Yu , Feng Jun-Yan , Yue Xiao-Jing , Shan Ling , Jia Fei-Yong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rational:
Tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency (THD) is a rare cause of dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD). Although the symptoms of DRD may be improved by treatment with L-dopa, the low morbidity of THD can lead to its misdiagnosis. Thus, it is important for physicians to be aware of THD as a cause of DRD.

Patient concerns:
We report 3 cases of THD. A 5-year-old boy with DRD was diagnosed with THD and found to have compound heterozygous mutations of the TH gene, including TH:c.647G>C from his mother and TH:c.646G>A from his father. Two female siblings also were found to have TH:c.698G>A from their mother and TH:c.710T>C from their father. The younger daughter, at age 3.5 years, was diagnosed with DRD caused by THD, and then the diagnosis of the older daughter, at age 11 years, was changed from cerebral palsy to DRD caused by THD.

Diagnosis:
The diagnosis of dopa-responsive dystonia caused by tyrosine hydroxylase deficiency was determined by whole exome sequencing.

Intervention:
They all treated with low dose levodopa and benserazide tablets.

Outcomes:
The boy had a very good therapeutic effect, and he could walk very well by the second day of treatment. The younger sister of the siblings had a partial therapeutic effect, but her elder sister was only little effective with a milder improvement of dystonia and improvement of myodynamia.

Conclusion:
The characteristics of THD are heterogeneous, and its phenotypes are classified as type A or type B according to increasing severity. Generally, L-dopa has a good therapeutic effect in cases with type A phenotypes. We reviewed 87 cases of reported in the literature and found that c.698G>A and c.707T>C are hot spot mutations. Changes on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging were nonspecific. Analysis of neurotransmitter levels in cerebrospinal fluid is an invasive means of achieving a biochemical diagnosis.