bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O2A.5 Agricultural exposures and risk of NHLs, by subtypes: results from the agriculture and cancer (AGRICAN) cohort
Authors: Busson Amandine , Tual Séverine , Boulanger Mathilde , Renier Marine , Pons Romain , Piel Clément , Pouchieu Camille , Perrier Stéphanie , Levêque-Morlais Noémie ,   AGRICAN-Group, Guizard Anne-Valérie , Monnereau Alain , Baldi Isabelle , Lebailly Pierre 
Published: May 2020

PurposeSeveral studies and meta-analyses demonstrated that farmers have an excess risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas (NHL), including Multiple Myeloma (MM). It has been suggested that pesticides could explain these results. Therefore circumstances of pesticide exposures (on crops, seeds or animals) and other farming tasks need to be explored in relation to NHL risk overall and major subtypes. From the large cohort of French farmers AGRICAN, we assessed the risk of NHL by subtypes (1) compared to the general population and (2) among farmers to identify the farm activities and tasks linked to NHLs subtypes.MethodsAGRICAN cohort enrolled more than 1 80 000 adults registered with the Mutualité Sociale Agricole, from 11 areas. Incident NHLs cases were identified by individual cross linkage with cancer registries from enrolment (2005–2007) to 2013. Lifetime work on 13 crops and 5 types of animals and the tasks performed (with duration and size information) were collected by enrollment questionnaire. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated. Associations between NHLs and crops, animals and specific tasks were analyzed using Cox models.Results1,133 NHL incident cases were identified (269 MM, 244 chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL-SLL), and 190 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)). Increased risks were observed for NHL overall and MM (SIR=1.05, and SIR=1.23, respectively). Positive associations were observed with exposure to pesticides i) on crops: DLBCL (grassland), MM (corn, wheat/barley and potato), CLL-SLL (corn, wheat/barley and vineyard) and DLBCL (tobacco), ii) in seed treatment: in CLL-SLL (sunflower, wheat/barley) and in MM (wheat/barley, corn) and iii) for use on animals (MM). Other tasks were linked to NHL risk: hay making (LDGCB) and harvesting corn (MM) and wheat/barley (CLL-SLL).ConclusionOur results supports the role of pesticide exposure on NHL risk, not only on crops. Moreover, specific associations according to NHLs subtypes were observed.
O2C.2 Does region of residence matter for return-to-work after work-related injury? A comparative analysis of six canadian workers’ compensation jurisdictions
Authors: Macpherson Robert , Shen Hui , Koehoorn Mieke , Amick Benjamin , Collie Alex , Smith Peter , McLeod Christopher 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate regional differences in return-to-work following work-related injury and whether these differences persist after adjusting for individual characteristics.MethodsWorkers’ compensation claims from six Canadian provinces were used to create comparable cohorts of workers aged 15–80 with a work-related injury resulting in at least one disability day from 2011 to 2015. Workers’ residential postal codes were mapped to Census standard geographic units to categorize workers into six regions representing decreasing urban density and metropolitan influence (ranging from large urban areas of 100,000+people to rural areas of <10 000 people with no metropolitan influence). Cox regression models were used to estimate the effect of urban-rural residence on the likelihood of injured workers transitioning off work disability benefits within one-year post-injury, adjusting for confounders, including provincial compensation jurisdiction. Models were stratified by industry sectors.ResultsThe cohort included 7 46 029 work disability claims, of which the majority resided in large urban areas (69%). Unadjusted models showed that workers residing in smaller urban and rural areas had a lower likelihood of transitioning off work disability benefits compared to those in large urban areas. Urban-rural differences persisted in adjusted models (e.g. HR=0.91 95% CI 0.89, 0.94 for workers in rural areas with no metropolitan influence). Industry-stratified models showed that greater differences existed between urban and rural places of residence for workers in the transportation and construction sectors, and smaller differences for workers in the health care and manufacturing sectors.ConclusionsThe main finding suggests that injured workers in more rural areas face barriers in returning to work and that workers’ compensation resources may need to be allocated to address these regional disparities. Future research will incorporate both individual and regional-level variables in a multilevel model framework to identify the characteristics that are the most important in explaining variability in work disability duration.
O2C.5 Increasing costs of occupational injuries in association with high ambient temperatures in adelaide, south australia, 2000–2014
Authors: Xiang Jianjun , Hansen Alana , Pisaniello Dino , Bi Peng 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of ambient temperature on compensation costs due to work-related injuries, and to provide an evidence base about the economic benefits of developing workplace heat prevention strategies in a warming climate.MethodsWorkers’ compensation claims obtained from SafeWork South Australia for 2000–2014 were transformed into daily time series format and merged with meteorological data. The relationship between temperature and compensation costs were estimated using a generalized linear model after controlling for long-term trends, seasonality, and day of week. A piecewise linear spline function was used to account for non-linearity.ResultsA total of 4 64 139 workers’ compensation claims were reported during the 15 year period in South Australia, resulting in AU$14.9 billion dollars compensation payment. Overall, it is a reversed V-shaped temperature-cost association. A 1°C increase in maximum temperature was associated with a 1.1% (95% CI, 0.2%–2.0%) increase in daily injury compensation expenditure below 35.2°C. Specifically, significant increases of injury costs were observed in males (1.4%, 95% CI 0.3%–2.5%), young workers (3.0%, 95% CI 1.2%–4.9%), older workers≥65 years (2.4%, 95% CI 0.5%–4.4%), labourers (2.7%, 95% CI 0.5%–4.8%), machinery operators and drivers (3.5%, 95% CI 1.6%–5.3%) and the following industries: agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (12.3%, 95% CI 2.2%–23.3%); construction (7.8%, 95% CI 0.02%–16.3%); and wholesale and retail trade (2.4%, 95% CI 0.5%–4.4%). Costs for compensating occupational burns and ‘skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases’ increased by 3.1% (95% CI 1.2%–5.1%) and 2.7% (95% CI 0.1%–5.4%) respectively, with a 1°C increase in maximum temperature.ConclusionThere is a significant association between temperature and work-related injury compensation costs in Adelaide, South Australia for certain subgroups. Heat attributable workers’ compensation costs may increase with the predicted rising temperature.
O3A.1 Assessing the under-estimation of occupational respiratory diseases in taiwan: analyses of disease burdens and healthcare costs
Authors: Chen Chung-Yen , Cheng Yawen 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundRespiratory diseases, including pneumoconiosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and respiratory malignancies, are featured by their multi-etiological nature and long latency periods, adding to the difficulties in recognizing their work-relatedness. Due to their heavy overall disease burdens and high healthcare spending, examining the fraction of respiratory diseases attributable to occupational factors is helpful in understanding the magnitude of under-estimation of occupational injuries and diseases.MethodsPrevalence rates of various occupational exposures were assessed retrospectively with self-reported surveys or job-exposure matrices. Relative risks of theses exposures were drawn from international epidemiological literatures. The above two parameters were used to calculate population attributable risk percentages (PAR%), and with that the numbers of visiting and amounts of payment attributable to occupational factors were estimated based on the claim data of the National Health Insurance (NHI). The estimates were compared with the data of actual payment by the Workers’ Compensation Insurance (WCI).ResultsWe estimated that around 15 000 patients visited medical facilities for occupational respiratory diseases in 2015, costing a total of 10 million USD. In contrast, less than 200 cases were approved by WCI in the same year. A 100-fold gap between the estimated and actual payment was also noted. Estimation analyses further indicated that 9.6% of cases and 48.1% of healthcare costs were asbestos-related.ConclusionFor occupational respiratory diseases with long latency periods and great causal complexity, the scope of under-estimation was substantial, and their medical expenses had been largely paid by NHI rather than WCI. To increase the visibility of occupational respiratory diseases, workplace exposure assessment and disease surveillance should be improved and public awareness of occupational diseases should be raised.
O3A.3 Do airway inflammation and airway responsiveness markers at start of apprenticeship predict their evolution during initial training? A longitudinal study
Authors: Demange Valérie , Zmirou-Navier Denis , Bohadana Abraham , Wild Pascal 
Published: May 2020

The natural history of airway inflammation and symptoms in occupations at risk of asthma is still not fully understood. We aimed to study the evolution during apprenticeship of inflammation markers, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and symptoms in at-risk subgroups as defined from measurements of markers made shortly after the start of training.Respiratory symptoms, FEV1and airway resistance post-bronchial challenge (MBC) test results, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurements, and eosinophils in nasal lavage fluid were longitudinally investigated in apprentice bakers, pastry-makers and hairdressers. Four baseline risk groups were defined, based on, (i) a high level of FeNO (NO), (ii) eosinophils>1% (Eosino), (iii) a≥15% decrease in FEV1during the MBC test (HR), and (iv) a≥50% increase in the resistance (Resist). The statistical analysis relied on mixed models.At baseline, the inflammation markers were related to the MBC markers. There was no evidence to suggest that the baseline risk groups predict a differential evolution of the airway inflammation and bronchial responsiveness markers, or the asthma-like symptoms considered. The baseline risk groups defined from MBC test predicted the levels of MBC markers. Similarly, the baseline risk groups based on eosinophilic inflammation predicted the levels of markers for eosinophilia. Twelve possible new asthma cases were identified, only the HR risk group predicted their occurrence.Among this young population, at-risk groups based on initial high levels of inflammation markers did not experience any worsening during the follow-up. Initial BHR predicted consistently high levels of all markers considered and occurrence of possible asthma. These results have been published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine (Demangeet al. BMC Pulm Med. 2018 July 11;18(1):113).
O3B.2 Occupational exposures and sickness absence trajectories among finnish employees: a register linked nationally representative follow-up study
Authors: Lallukka Tea , Kaila-Kangas Leena , Mänty Minna , Seppänen Johanna , Haukka Eija , Kausto Johanna , Leino-Arjas Päivi , Kaikkonen Risto , Halonen Jaana , Shiri Rahman 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundPhysical workload factors have been linked to the risk of sickness absence, however, some work exposures can also be protective of work ability. We aimed to first identify sickness absence trajectories in a nationally representative occupational cohort, and second to examine the associations between physical workload factors, potential protective factors and sickness absence trajectories.MethodsWe examined a nationally representative cohort of working aged Finnish adults interviewed and medically examined at baseline in 2000–2001 (n=3814). Both potentially protective (sitting and keyboard use) and risk factors (e.g. handling of heavy loads and vibration) were included. All medically confirmed sickness absence periods 2002–2008 were included in the trajectory analyses to identify latent groups with similar sickness absence trends. These data were derived from the registers of the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. The models were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors and physical and mental health.ResultsWe found a group with a very low level, a group with a stable low level, and a group with a high and increasing level of sickness absence. After full adjustments, prolonged sitting and use of keyboard emerged as protective factors that were associated with a lower risk of belonging to the trajectory with high and increasing sickness absence (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.45–0.80). In turn, the risk increased with the number of physical workload factors reported, and was highest for those with four or more workload factors (HR 2.84; 95% 2.08–3.88).ConclusionsPhysical work is associated with the risk of long-term sickness absence, with the highest risk found for those with several different physical workload factors. As the risk remained after controlling for various pertinent risk factors, this highlights the need to find ways to better maintain work ability of those with the physically most strenuous work.
O3D.5 National policies and social inequalities in exit paths from working life in sweden
Authors: Nilsson Kerstin , Kadefors Roland , Östergren Per-Olof , Rylander Lars , Albin Maria 
Published: May 2020

We investigated the impact on work life exits from reduced access to disability pension (2006), and financial incentives to extend working life.Method and materialWe used labour statistics, social insurance, and income data, for all employees in Sweden, to compare occupational groups (SSYK, based on ISCO-88), and blue and white collar workers, with regard to i) lost years in working life due to death, disability pension and long-term sick-leave preceding disability pension 2007–2010, ii) granted disability pensions 2007–2011, and iii) premature age pension in 2004 and 2011.ResultsYears lost in working life were similar for men and women in the same 1-digit SSYK occupational group, somewhat higher for those born outside Sweden, but showed a clear gradient from white to blue collar occupations, e.g. on average 0.39 ys versus 2.40 ys lost for Legislators/senior officials/managers and in Elementary occupations, respectively (women born in Sweden).In 2006 the prevalence of disability pension in the age group 50–64 was 3.61% among women and 2.49% among men, with 10/10 of the highest prevalence occupations (4-digit SSYK code) in men, and 9/10 in women, being blue collar ones. Approved applications decreased 2006–2011 by 74.4% in women, and 64.3% in men; for mental disorders (ICD-10-SE; F00-F99) 64.9% in women and 48.8% in men, for musculoskeletal disorders (M00-M99) 91.1% and 90.0%, respectively.The prevalence of premature age pension increased between 2004 and 2011: men 2.5% to 6.4%, women 1.7% to 5.5%. Blue collar occupations were most affected.ConclusionsThe socioeconomic divide in lost years of working life between white and blue collars prevailed. There was an apparent flow from disability to premature age pension, in particular in female blue collars. The findings indicate the budgetary savings of disability pensions transferred the economic burden of disease to individuals, and mainly to female blue collar workers.
O3E.6 Association between workplace bullying and common mental disorders in judiciary brazilian civil servants from southern brazil
Authors: Feijó Fernando , Fassa Anaclaudia , Pearce Neil 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionBullying has been described as a risk factor for mental disorders, however there is a lack of evidence on this subject in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore we aimed to evaluate the association between workplace bullying and common mental disorders in a sample of Judiciary Brazilian civil servants.MethodsCross-sectional study with a sample of 1667 workers from the Brazilian Federal Judiciary in southern Brazil. The Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ-r) was used to measure bullying at work and the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to evaluate Common Mental Disorders (CMD). Poisson regression was used to test associations of interest, controlling for confounders.ResultsThe overall prevalence of CMD was 33.5%. The prevalence of workplace bullying was 17.7%. In the crude analysis, exposure to bullying (at least one negative act in a weekly basis in the last six months) was associated with a 2.07-fold (CI 1.81–2.36, p<0.001) higher prevalence of CMD. After controlling for sociodemographic and occupational confounders, workers exposed to bullying presented a 1.51-fold (CI 1.31–1.73, p<0.001) higher prevalence of CMD.DiscussionJudiciary Brazilian civil servants may be at a high risk of being exposed to bullying and having common mental disorders. Our findings corroborate the results of studies from high-income countries, where bullying is considered an important occupational determinant of mental health. Prevention policies to eliminate bullying in organizations are urgent, what may help to decrease the prevalence of mental disorders among workers.
O4A.5 Night shift work is associated with abnormal liver function
Authors: Tse Lap Ah , Wang Feng , Zhang Liuzhuo , Li Zhimin 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between night shift work and elevated level of alanine transaminase (e-ALT) of workers, stratified by status of non-alcohol fatty liver.MethodsWe established a prospective cohort of night shift workers in Shenzhen, China. All 4740 male workers who had liver function data from the baseline survey of this night shift workers’ cohort were included in the current analysis. We collected information on demographics, lifestyles, and lifetime working schedule from standardized questionnaire. We examined workers’ NAFL status using liver sonography and their serum ALT levels using the automatic biochemical analyzer. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsThis cohort contained 39.5% night shift workers. Compared with the day workers, night shift workers had higher odds of e-ALT (OR: 1.18; 95% CI 1.00–1.40). Stratified analysis showed that a positive gradient between night shift years and elevated e-ALT was only restricted to the night shift workers without NAFL. No similar trend was observed among those with NAFL.ConclusionsNight shift work is positively associated with the abnormal liver function in workers without NAFL, which indicates that shift work involving circadian disruption is likely to affect abnormal liver function.[National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project number 81273172 and 81372964), Shelly@cuhk.edu.hk (Lap Ah Tse)]
Clinical impact of CT coronary angiography without exclusion of small coronary artery segments: a real-world and long-term study
Authors: Logghe Yannick , Van Hoe Lieven , Vanhoenacker Piet , Bladt Olivier , Simons Philip , Kersschot Erik , Van Mieghem Carlos 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesCT coronary angiography (CTCA) has become a valuable diagnostic test in the workup of patients with possible coronary artery disease (CAD). Because of inherent limitations in spatial resolution, epicardial vessels with a small diameter, in general less than 1.5–2 mm, have so far been excluded in studies assessing clinical utility of CTCA. This study sought to assess the clinical impact of CTCA taking into account pathology in small coronary arteries.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients with possible CAD who underwent dual-source CTCA and subsequent invasive coronary angiography (ICA) between January 2010 and July 2017. Patients with an Agatston calcium score ≥1000 were reported separately. Diagnostic accuracy of CTCA on a patient, vessel and segment level was calculated. The physician’s therapeutic decision was defined as conservative, medical antianginal treatment or revascularisation. Using ICA as the reference, we calculated the precision of CTCA to replicate these therapeutic recommendations.ResultsIn total, 1209 patients underwent both CTCA and ICA. Overall diagnostic performance of CTCA showed a sensitivity of 90% (95% CI 86% to 93%) and specificity of 40% (95% CI 36% to 45%). With regard to clinical decision making, CTCA showed good performance: 91% of patients who were treated medically or by revascularisation were correctly identified. Prevalence of disease in small vessel segments was low: 16% showed significant CAD on ICA. Prevalence of significant disease was 70% in patients with an Agatston score ≥1000: the majority underwent revascularisation.ConclusionsFrom a true patient perspective, without exclusion of smaller coronary artery segments, CTCA allows safe patient management.
Impact of shelter-in-place order for COVID-19 on trauma activations: Santa Clara County, California, March 2020
Authors: Forrester Joseph D , Liou Raymond , Knowlton Lisa M , Jou Ronald M , Spain David A 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe shelter-in-place order for Santa Clara County, California on 16 March was the first of its kind in the USA. It was unknown what impact this order would have on trauma activations.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of institutional trauma registries among the two American College of Surgeons Level 1 trauma centers serving Santa Clara County, California. Trauma activation volumes at the trauma centers from January to March 2020 were compared with month-matched historical cohorts from 2018 to 2019.ResultsOnly 81 (3%) patients were trauma activations at the trauma centers in the 15 days after the shelter-in-place order went into effect on 16 March 2020, compared with 389 activations during the same time period in 2018 and 2019 (p<0.0001). There were no other statistically significant changes to the epidemiology of trauma activations. Only one trauma activation had a positive COVID-19 test.DiscussionOverall trauma activations decreased 4.8-fold after the shelter-in-place order went into effect in Santa Clara County on 16 March 2020, with no other effect on the epidemiology of persons presenting after traumatic injury.ConclusionShelter-in-place orders may reduce strain on healthcare systems by diminishing hospital admissions from trauma, in addition to reducing virus transmission.