bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scutellarin inhibition of the rosuvastatin uptake in rat hepatocytes and the competition for organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 in HEK293T cells
Authors: Liu Jianming , Guo Yongmei , Liu Keqi , Ye Xiyong , Wang Fang , Xu Yanqi , Xia Chunhua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this report, we investigated the hepatocytic uptake of rosuvastatin when administered with scutellarin (a Chinese herbal medicine) in rats and the role of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) plays in the uptake. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into two groups according to the medicine administered: rosuvastatin alone and rosuvastatin in combination with a series concentration of scutellarin. Rosuvastatin concentrations in blood and liver were measured using the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. The uptake was also measured in rat primary hepatocytes and OATP1B1 transfected human embryonic kidney 293 T (HEK293T) cells. The uptake was investigated under the optimal intake conditions. The rosuvastatin Cmax and AUC0−∞in rat plasma increased 55% and 61%, respectively in the combination treatment group; and the liver scutellarin concentrations decreased 32%, 34%, and 33% at 1 h, 2 h, and 6 h, respectively. All scutellarin dosages (20, 50, and 100 μM) inhibited the uptake of rosuvastatin in rat primary hepatocytes (4.71%, 22.73%, and 45.89%). Scutellarin of 10 μM significantly inhibited thein vitrouptake of rosuvastatin in OATP1B1-HEK293T cells (P < 0.05), with an IC50 of 60.53 ± 5.74 μM. Scutellarin increases the plasma concentration of rosuvastatin and inhibits the uptake in rat primary hepatocytes and OATP1B1-HEK293T cells, suggesting a drug interaction between scutellarin and rosuvastatin and OATP1B1 as a potential mechanism.
Fetal malnutrition-induced catch up failure is caused by elevated levels of miR-322 in rats
Authors: Nemoto Takahiro , Kakinuma Yoshihiko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIf sufficient nutrition is not obtained during pregnancy, the fetus changes its endocrine system and metabolism to protect the brain, resulting in a loss of body size. The detailed mechanisms that determine the success or failure of growth catch-up are still unknown. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism by which catch-up growth failure occurs. The body weights of rat pups at birth from dams whose calorie intake during pregnancy was reduced by 40% were significantly lower than those of controls, and some offspring failed to catch up. Short-body-length and low-bodyweight rats showed blood IGF-1 levels and mRNA expression levels of IGF-1 and growth hormone receptor (GHR) in the liver that were lower than those in controls. The next generation offspring from low-bodyweight non-catch-up (LBW-NCG) rats had high expression of miR-322 and low expression of GHR and IGF-1. The expression of miR-322 showed a significant negative correlation with GHR expression and body length, and overexpression of miR-322 suppressed GHR expression. We found that insufficient intake of calories during pregnancy causes catch-up growth failure due to increased expression of miR-322 and decreased expression of GHR in the livers of offspring, and this effect is inherited by the next generation.
Larval exposure to a pyrethroid insecticide and competition for food modulate the melanisation and antibacterial responses of adult Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Hauser Gaël , Koella Jacob C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe insecticides we use for agriculture and for vector control often arrive in water bodies, where mosquito larvae may be exposed to them. Not only will they then likely affect the development of the larvae, but their effects may carry over to the adults, potentially affecting their capacity at transmitting infectious diseases. Such an impact may be expected to be more severe when mosquitoes are undernourished. In this study, we investigated whether exposing larvae of the mosquitoAnopheles gambiaeto a sub-lethal dose of permethrin (a pyrethroid) and forcing them to compete for food would affect the immune response of the adults. We found that a low dose of permethrin increased the degree to which individually reared larvae melanised a negatively charged Sephadex bead and slowed the replication of injectedEscherichia coli. However, if mosquitoes had been reared in groups of three (and thus had been forced to compete for food) permethrin had less impact on the efficacy of the immune responses. Our results show how larval stressors can affect the immune response of adults, and that the outcome of exposure to insecticides strongly depends on environmental conditions.
Unique Solid Phase Microextraction Sampler Reveals Distinctive Biogeochemical Profiles among Various Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents
Authors: Grandy Jonathan James , Onat Bora , Tunnicliffe Verena , Butterfield David A. , Pawliszyn Janusz 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCurrent methods for biochemical and biogeochemical analysis of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystems rely on water sample recovery, or in situ analysis using underwater instruments with limited range of analyte detection and limited sensitivity. Even in cases where large quantities of sample are recovered, labile dissolved organic compounds may not be detected due to time delays between sampling and preservation. Here, we present a novel approach for in situ extraction of organic compounds from hydrothermal vent fluids through a unique solid phase microextraction (SPME) sampler. These samplers were deployed to sample effluent of vents on sulphide chimneys, located on Axial Seamount in the North-East Pacific, in the Urashima field on the southern Mariana back-arc, and at the Hafa Adai site in the central Mariana back-arc. Among the compounds that were extracted, a wide range of unique organic compounds, including labile dissolved organic sulfur compounds, were detected through high-resolution LC-MS/MS, among which were biomarkers of anammox bacteria, fungi, and lower animals. This report is the first to show that SPME can contribute to a broader understanding of deep sea ecology and biogeochemical cycles in hydrothermal vent ecosystems.
cGMP favors the interaction between APP and BACE1 by inhibiting Rab5 GTPase activity
Authors: Caudano Francesca , Montalto Giulia , Passalacqua Mario , Pronzato Maria A. , Fedele Ernesto , Ricciarelli Roberta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) stimulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) and beta-secretase (BACE1) approximation in neuronal endo-lysosomal compartments, thus boosting the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and enhancing synaptic plasticity and memory. Here, we further investigated the mechanism by which cGMP regulates the subcellular localization of APP and BACE1, finding that the cyclic nucleotide inhibits the activity of Rab5, a small GTPase associated with the plasma membrane and early endosomes. Accordingly, we also found that expression of a dominant-negative Rab5 mutant increases both APP-BACE1 approximation and Aβ extracellular levels, therefore mimicking the effects induced by cGMP. These results reveal a functional correlation between the cGMP/Aβ pathway and the activity of Rab5 that may contribute to the understanding of Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology.
VGLL3 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with clinical pathologic features and immune infiltrates in stomach adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Li Longhai , Mao Yong , Hua Dong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDue to its poor clinical outcome, there is an urgent need to identify novel prognostic markers for stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Here, we aimed to explore the relationship between VGLL3 expression and clinico-pathological features, dendritic cells, macrophages, and prognosis of STAD. VGLL3 expression levels were significantly associated with histological grade, T stage, and TNM stage. VGLL3 levels and patient’s age were also independent prognostic factors of the clinical outcome of STAD. In addition, VGLL3 was associated with the abundance of macrophages and dendritic cells in tumor infiltrates, of which only VGLL3 and macrophage counts were the independent prognostic factors of immune cell infiltration in the TIMER Database. Extracellular matrix receptor interaction, focal adhesion, pathways in cancer, MAPK, JAK STAT, and WNT signaling pathways were enriched in VGLL3 high-expressing datasets as determined by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), while DNA replication, glyoxylate, and dicarboxylate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, homologous recombination, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol gpi banchor biosynthesis were enriched in VGLL3 low-expressing datasets. Thus, VGLL3 is a novel prognostic biomarker of both the clinical outcome and immune infiltration in STAD, and may therefore be a promising therapeutic target.
Coherent satellites in multispectral regenerative frequency microcombs
Authors: Yang Jinghui , Huang Shu-Wei , Xie Zhenda , Yu Mingbin , Kwong Dim-Lee , Wong Chee Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMultispectral frequency combs provide new architectures for laser spectroscopy, clockwork, and high-capacity communications. Frequency microcombs have demonstrated remarkable impact in frequency metrology and synthesis, albeit with spectral bandwidth bounded by intrinsic second-order dispersion and consequently low-intensities at the spectral edges. Here we report coherent satellite clusters in multispectral regenerative frequency microcombs with enhanced intensities at the octave points and engineered frequency span. Beyond the conventional bandwidth of parametric oscillation, the regenerative satellites are facilitated by higher-order dispersion control, allowing for multiphase-matched parametric processes. The satellite span is deterministically controlled from 34 to 72 THz by pumped at C/L-bands, with coherence preserved with the central comb through the nonlinear parametric process. We further show the mirrored appearance of the satellite transition dynamics simultaneously with the central comb at each comb state. These multispectral satellites extend the scope of parametric-based frequency combs and provide a unique platform for clockwork, spectroscopy and communications.
Preventing critical collapse of higher-order solitons by tailoring unconventional optical diffraction and nonlinearities
Authors: Zeng Liangwei , Zeng Jianhua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSelf-trapped modes suffer critical collapse in two-dimensional cubic systems. To overcome such a collapse, linear periodic potentials or competing nonlinearities between self-focusing cubic and self-defocusing quintic nonlinear terms are often introduced. Here, we combine both schemes in the context of an unconventional and nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation with attractive-repulsive cubic–quintic nonlinearity and an optical lattice. We report theoretical results for various two-dimensional trapped solitons, including fundamental gap and vortical solitons as well as the gap-type soliton clusters. The latter soliton family resembles the recently-found gap waves. We uncover that, unlike the conventional case, the fractional model exhibiting fractional diffraction order strongly influences the formation of higher band gaps. Hence, a new route for the study of self-trapped modes in these newly emergent higher band gaps is suggested. Regimes of stability and instability of all the soliton families are obtained with the help of linear-stability analysis and direct simulations.
Vertrauen statt Kontrolle
Authors: Hantl-Merget Judith , Rittner Anna-Maria 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungSteile Hierarchien und enge Kontrollen sind längst nicht mehr zeitgemäß, doch in Kliniken nach wie vor gang und gäbe. Die RoMed Kliniken in Bayern gehen aber einen anderen Weg, hin zu flachen Strukturen und einer selbstorganisierten Führung.
Landscape context affects the sustainability of organic farming systems
Authors: Smith Olivia M. , Cohen Abigail L. , Reganold John P. , Jones Matthew S. , Orpet Robert J. , Taylor Joseph M. , Thurman Jessa H. , Cornell Kevin A. , Olsson Rachel L. , Ge Yang , Kennedy Christina M. , Crowder David W. 
Published: January 2020

SignificanceOrganic agriculture promotes environmental and socioeconomic sustainability to a greater degree than conventional agriculture. However, it is unknown whether effects of organic agriculture on sustainability metrics such as biodiversity, crop yields, and profitability vary across the diverse landscapes where organic farming is practiced. We addressed this using a global meta-analysis spanning 60 crops. Organic sites had greater biodiversity than conventional ones, with the largest benefits in landscapes with large field sizes. In contrast, while organic sites also had greater profits, the largest benefits occurred in landscapes with small fields. The ecological sustainability benefits of organic agriculture are most pronounced in landscapes typified by more intensive agriculture, while economic benefits are likely influenced by socioeconomic factors and yields.
Entanglement entropy of an annulus in holographic thermalization *
Authors: Ling Yi , Liu Yuxuan , Xian Zhuo-Yu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The thermalization process of the holographic entanglement entropy (HEE) of an annular domain is investigated in the Vaidya-AdS geometry. We determine numerically the Hubeny-Rangamani-Takayanagi (HRT) surface, which may be a hemi-torus or two disks, depending on the ratio of the inner radius to the outer radius of the annulus. More importantly, for some fixed ratio of the two radii, the annulus undergoes a phase transition, or a double phase transition, during thermalization from a hemi-torus to a two-disk configuration, or vice versa. The occurrence of various phase transitions is determined by the ratio of the two radii of the annulus. The rate of entanglement growth is also investigated during the thermal quench. The local maximal rate of entanglement growth occurs in the region with a double phase transition. Finally, if the quench process is sufficiently slow, which may be controlled by the thickness of the null shell, the region with a double phase transition vanishes.
Evaluation of analytical model for magnetic field distribution in magnetizing fixture study
Authors: Oemry F , Hermanto B , Prawito P , Oemry A , Sebayang P 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A simple analytical model for magnetic field of a circular current was evaluated for the case of 4-multilayer solenoid of single-pole magnetizing fixture. The exact solution of the analytical model was computationally simulated and presented as 2D spatial distribution of magnetic field strength as functions of applied current and the position of each single coil in the solenoid. The results were compared with experimental measurements performed on commercial magnetizing fixture in order to gauge the effectiveness of the model in real application conditions. Qualitatively, the model shows an excellent agreement to the general trend of spatial distribution of magnetic field patterns obtained from experimental data despite of a considerable percentage error between the model and experimental results.
Side-scan sonar investigations and marine seismic of identification object
Authors: Lubis M Z , Anurogo W , Chayati S N , Sari L R , Taki H M , Pujiyati S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the process of identifying seafloor objects, the hydroacoustic method using 2 beams, namely ports and starboards in side scan sonar instruments is a very efficient and renewable method in its field, especially in the hydrographic field. This study was carried out at December 2016 on Punggur waters, Indonesia (104°05.6103 E, 1°04.3226 N until 1°03.3977 N 104°07.9100 E, 1°02.2866 N). The side scan sonar used when recording seabed images in this study uses one frequency, 325 325 kHz covering surface around 4.72 km in Punggur waters, Indonesia. The ship navigates using GPS Trimble 361, which is corrected using beacons, with data retrieval activities when the waves are calm. The gain produced by the side scan sonar instrument will have a relationship that will not be the same at every seabed data collection location. Side scan sonar uses a Baudrate value of 19200 and with a value of 8 bits with a maximum Gain value of 8 dB. Highest result of the time is 13568 cm/second and 104.325 cm in line trace object 4 of side scan sonar imagery. Highest result of line trace is target 1 with 191.88 cm on object 1, and highest of time result is 13568 cm/second on object 4.
Synthesis of biodegradable plastics using corn starch and corn husk as the fillers as well as chitosan and sorbitol
Authors: Amalia D , Saleh D , Djonaedi E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Bio plastics are polymers prepared from renewable materials. In this study, maize-derived cornstarch and milled corn husk were used as the base material and filler, respectively. Corn husk powder with two-grain sizes of 150 mesh and 200 mesh, respectively, were used. Chitosan was used at concentrations of 0.02 %, 0.04 %, 0.06 %, 0.08 %, and 0.1 % by weight at a constant ratio of 1:1 to cornhusk powder and maize for improving the mechanical properties of bio plastics. The mixture was diluted using a solution containing 2.5 mL of acetic acid (25 %), 1.75 mL of sorbitol, and 70 mL distilled water. Optimum mechanical properties were observed using a cornhusk grain size of 150 meshes with 0.04% of chitosan by weight. This sample exhibited a tensile strength of 11.7164 MPa, elongation of 10.05 %, a Young’s modulus of 1.1668 MPa, and tear strength of 763.86 mN. A biodegradability of 70–100 % was achieved in 21 days with the evidence of fungal growth after 14 days. In addition, the sample was able to withstand a temperature of 140 °C for 1 h.
Calculation of magnetic moment of inverse-Heusler alloy Fe2CuAl via first-principles-based tight-binding model
Authors: Azhar A , Majidi M A , Nanto D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Heusler alloys have been known since the 19th century and have fascinated researchers because of their wide range of applications, especially related to their magnetic properties. The magnetic moment of a few of these materials can be predicted by simply counting their valance electrons [this is called the Slater-Pauling (SP) rule]. However, this simple counting rule does not work in many other cases. Inverse-Heusler alloys are a sub-class of Heusler alloys, and in many cases also do not follow the SP rule. Fe2CuAl (FCA) is an inverse-Heusler alloy for which the SP rule predicts a magnetic moment of 2.00 μB. However, experimental results give a magnetic moment of 3.30 μB. Motivated by this discrepancy, we study this material theoretically to gain a microscopic understanding of how the magnetic moment forms. For this purpose, we construct a first-principles-based tight-binding model incorporating an on-site Hubbard repulsion U between each d orbital and a Hund coupling J between different d orbitals of a given atom in the system. We use the Green’s function technique and apply the mean-field approximation to solve the model. The results show the magnetic moment of FCA depends on U and J. We find that the magnetic moment given by the SP rule (2.00 μB) corresponds to a plateau in our magnetic moment vs J curves for various values of U, and that the experimental magnetic moment (3.30 μB) corresponds to a point on the curves rising above the plateau.
The role of pH in the biosynthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared from Fe(III) nitrate and matoa leaf extract
Authors: Sholawati D , Syarifah S , Djuhana D , Handayani W , Imawan C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Research on nanoparticles is becoming a matter of great interest with constant developments. In particular, biosynthesis is attracting a great deal of attention as an eco-friendly and economical method to obtain nanoparticles. In this report, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles are biologically synthesized using matoa leaf extract (Pometia pinnata) as reducing agent and Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as precursor. The biosynthesis was performed under different pH conditions, that is, 7, 9, and 11, and the as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized using UV–vis, TEM & Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED), particle size analyzer (PSA), and XRD analyses. The results obtained from the TEM analysis indicate that the smallest nanoparticles, with sizes ranging from 5 to 10 nm, were obtained at pH 11, which was supported by the PSA result. The TEM result also shows that the nanoparticles became agglomerated, and their sizes were rather diverse. The XRD result showed that the crystallinity of the nanoparticles improved with the basicity of the solutions. From the characterization of the biosynthesized nanoparticles, it was concluded that the smallest nanoparticles exhibiting the best crystallinity were found under pH 11 conditions.
Room-temperature electrical properties of the double perovskite material Sr2FeTiO6 synthesized by the solid-state method
Authors: Dona D , Laysandra H , Triyono D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The electrical properties of Sr2FeTiO6 have been studied at room temperature. Structural analysis via X-ray diffraction patterns reveals that Sr2FeTiO6 has a cubic perovskite structure with the pm3m space group. The electrical properties were presented as Nyquist and Bode plots. From impedance spectroscopy analysis, the Nyquist plot showed the presence of a bulk (grain) contribution. This was modeled by an equivalent circuit of the parallel combination of bulk resistance and capacitance. The Bode plot showed the presence of relaxation at room temperature.
Point dose measurements for brachytherapy with a cylinder applicator
Authors: Rahmawati R , Wibowo W E , Pawiro S A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Point dose measurements were conducted in High dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy with a cylinder applicator using an EBT3 gafchromic film. The main objectives of this study were to determine the characteristics of an EBT3 film and evaluate the treatment dose of brachytherapy between manual and normalized measurements. Evaluation of the dose treatment was performed by comparing the dose values at four measurements (namely A1, A2, A3, and A4) points with the dose values after being normalized. The first two points A1 and A2 are the prescription points to the right and left of the cylinder applicator. The dose measurements at these two points were measured for three variations of distance (13, 14, and 15 mm) to the source of brachytherapy. The other two points, A3 and A4, are located at a distance of 1.5 cm above the two points, A2 and A1. The most suitable calibration for point dose measurements is the 13-mm distance, which results in the discrepancy values for points A1, A2, A3, and A4 are –0.37 %, –3.40 %, –1.39 %, and –1.54 %, respectively.
The effects of adding Ag and graphene to Fe3O4/TiO2 nanocomposites on adsorptive and sonophotocatalytic capabilities
Authors: Fauzian M , Taufik A , Saleh R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Fe3O4/TiO2 was synthesized using the sol-gel method both with and without the addition of Ag. Fe3O4/TiO2 and Fe3O4/TiO2/Ag were also synthesized with added graphene by using the co-precipitation method. All the prepared samples were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis Absorbance, and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Furthermore, adsorptive and sonophotocatalytic capabilities were tested using a degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) as an organic dye. Sonophotocatalytic activity was measured using UV or visible light and ultrasound. It was found that Ag/Fe3O4/TiO2/NGP composites have better adsorption and sonophotocatalytic capabilities than other samples. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with the maximum adsorption capacity being 76 mg/g. The catalyst can go through the sonophotocatalytic process for four cycles. In addition, the hole is the main active species in sonophotocatalytic activity.