bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covalent Organic Frameworks as Negative Electrodes for High‐Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Kandambeth Sharath , Jia Jiangtao , Wu Hao , Kale Vinayak S. , Parvatkar Prakash T. , Czaban‐Jóźwiak Justyna , Zhou Sheng , Xu Xiangming , Ameur Zied Ouled , Abou‐Hamad Edy , Emwas Abdul‐Hamid , Shekhah Osama , Alshareef Husam N. , Eddaoudi Mohamed 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNew covalent organic frameworks (COFs), encompassing redox‐functionalized moieties and an aza‐fused π‐conjugated system, are designed, synthesized, and deployed as negative electrodes in asymmetric supercapacitors (ASC), for the first time. The Hex‐Aza‐COFs are synthesized based on the solvothermal condensation reaction of cyclohexanehexone and redox‐functionalized aromatic tetramines with benzoquinone (Hex‐Aza‐COF‐2) or phenazine (Hex‐Aza‐COF‐3). The redox‐functionalized Hex‐Aza‐COFs show a specific capacitance of 585 F g−1 for Hex‐Aza‐COF‐2 and 663 F g−1 for Hex‐Aza‐COF‐3 in a three‐electrode configuration. These values are the highest among reported COF materials and are comparable with state‐of‐the‐art pseudocapacitive electrodes. The Hex‐Aza‐COFs exhibit a wide voltage window (0 to −1.0 V), which allow the construction of a two‐electrode ASC device by combining them with RuO2. The complementary potential windows of Hex‐Aza‐COF‐3 and RuO2 enable an asymmetric device with a high voltage window of 1.7 V. The RuO2//Hex‐Aza‐COF‐3 ASC device achieves an energy density value of 23.3 W h kg−1 at a power density of 661.2 W kg−1. The newly developed negative COF materials open new prospects for the development of high‐performance ASCs.
Galápagosization of sepsis management in Japan: a nationwide survey of current practices
Authors: Yamakawa Kazuma , Hasegawa Daisuke , Yasuda Hideto , Sakamoto So , Nishida Kazuki , Yatabe Tomoaki , Egi Moritoki , Ogura Hiroshi , Nishida Osamu ,   the committee of Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis, Septic Shock 2016 (J‐SSCG 2016)
Published: September 2020

AimSepsis treatment has been standardized in many countries worldwide. However, treatment of sepsis in Japan has developed independently, and how Japanese physicians actually treat sepsis patients nationwide remains uninvestigated. The aim of this study was to clarify the current practice for septic patients in Japan and how it differs from standard care throughout the world.MethodsThis study was designed as a prospective, cross‐sectional, self‐reported questionnaire‐ and Web‐based electronic survey in Japan. The survey was undertaken to assess respondents’ clinical practices and preferences regarding treatment strategies, sepsis assessment, and management in the setting of critical illness. An exploratory factor analysis and a hierarchical cluster analysis were carried out to identify the treatments distinctive to Japan, called “Galápagos therapies”.ResultsThe final analysis included 295 respondents. According to the factor analysis, we defined anticoagulant therapy for disseminated intravascular coagulation, antimediator renal replacement therapy, and others as Galápagos therapies. These Galápagos therapies were undertaken by approximately two‐thirds of the Japanese physicians who responded. We classified Japanese physicians according to three patterns of clinical practice carried out for sepsis: (i) those who do not perform Galápagos therapies but do perform worldwide standardized care, (ii) those who perform Galápagos therapies on top of worldwide standardized care, (iii) those who do not perform worldwide standardized care.ConclusionOn the basis of a nationwide questionnaire‐based survey in Japan, we clarified distinctive sepsis treatments performed in Japan, such as antimediator renal replacement therapy and treatment for sepsis‐induced disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Late i.v. steroid treatment for severe COVID‐19‐induced acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report
Authors: Kumakawa Yasuaki , Hirano Yohei , Sueyoshi Koichiro , Ishihara Tadashi , Kondo Yutaka , Kawasaki Takaaki , Takeuchi Yuji , Nakamura Yuki , Ishikawa Kouhei , Watanabe Yusuke , Saito Wataru , Matsuda Shigeru , Nakazawa Takeshi , Sasaki Shinichi , Okamoto Ken , Tanaka Hiroshi 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe efficacy of steroid treatment for coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is unknown.Case presentationA 67‐year‐old man was transported to our hospital due to impaired consciousness and respiratory failure. After admission, tracheal aspirate of the patient was harvested, and it tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nucleic acid. He required veno‐venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to sustain his oxygenation. However, his respiratory failure did not improve for 20 days. On day 20 of admission, we started to use i.v. steroid therapy. On day 23, lung opacity on the chest X‐ray cleared and the patient’s oxygen saturation improved significantly. We successfully removed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on day 27.ConclusionOur case report encourages more future trials to evaluate the therapeutic use of i.v. steroid in severe COVID‐19‐induced acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Improving thermo‐responsive hydrogel films by gamma rays and loading of Cu and Ag nanoparticles
Authors: López‐Barriguete Jesús Eduardo , Flores‐Rojas Guadalupe Gabriel , López‐Saucedo Felipe , Isoshima Takashi , Bucio Emilio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper presents two modified copolymeric hydrogel films with thermo‐responsiveness. The final films are hydrogels containing N‐isopropylacrylamide, N‐N‐dimethylacrylamide, methyl methacrylate, and ethoxyethyl methacrylate. The incorporation of Ag and Cu in the smart hydrogel films endowed them with specific properties that could be useful in developing biological sensors, smart membranes, or flexible electronic components, which are proper for design and improvement on technology and biomedical applications. The films were synthesized in solution by gamma radiation at a dose rate of 10 kGy h−1, and an absorbed dose of 50 kGy. The characterization was realized by different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques as FTIR‐ATR, atomic force microscopy, SEM–EDX, TGA, and DSC. The hydrogel films were grafted with glycidyl methacrylate showing high resistance, biocompatibility, adequate adaptability, flexibility, in addition to the capacity of metal doping with silver and copper.
Literature‐based learning and experimental design model in molecular biology teaching for medical students at Tongji University
Authors: Wang Juan , Xu Xiaojuan , Shi Xiujuan , Zhang Jieping , Gao Furong , Li Jiao , Jia Song , Xu Jie , Zhang Junfang , Peng Luying , Li Li , Chen Jianjun , Li Siguang , Lu Lixia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn 2018, to help undergraduate medical students strengthen their self‐learning and scientific research skills, we introduced an instructional model that combined literature‐based learning with experimental design. We tested this model on the molecular biology class at Tongji University. In the first step of the model, a topic is chosen, and students find, read, and evaluate scientific papers in groups and deliver presentations. In the second step, they design scientific experiments in groups and discuss their proposed experiments in class, which is to be followed by further experimental verification in the lab course. This entire activity was given 20% weightage in the final score. The model led to better student‐centered teaching and self‐directed learning according to quantitative and qualitative assessment. Students showed great interest in literature and research. They enjoyed group work and gained experience in organization and presentation. Apart from a significant increase in final score, assessment data from students indicated that they were satisfied with this teaching model and considered it a positive experience. Looking at the positive impact of the literature‐based learning and experiment design model, we support its continued use for teaching molecular biology to undergraduate medical students.
Cartilage‐targeting ultrasmall lipid‐polymer hybrid nanoparticles for the prevention of cartilage degradation
Authors: Ai Xiangzhao , Duan Yaou , Zhang Qiangzhe , Sun Derrick , Fang Ronnie H. , Liu‐Bryan Ru , Gao Weiwei , Zhang Liangfang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCurrent drug delivery approaches for the treatment of cartilage disorders such as osteoarthritis (OA) remain inadequate to achieve sufficient drug penetration and retention in the dense cartilage matrix. Herein, we synthesize sub‐30 nm lipid‐polymer hybrid nanoparticles functionalized with collagen‐targeting peptides for targeted drug delivery to the cartilage. The nanoparticles consist of a polymeric core for drug encapsulation and a lipid shell modified with a collagen‐binding peptide. By combining these design features, the nanoparticles can penetrate deep and accumulate preferentially in the cartilage. Using MK‐8722, an activator of 5′‐adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), as a model drug, the nanoparticles can encapsulate the drug molecules in high capacity and release them in a sustained and controllable manner. When injected into the knee joints of the mice with collagenase‐induced OA, the drug‐loaded nanoparticles can effectively reduce cartilage damage and alleviate the disease severity. Overall, the ultrasmall targeted nanoparticles represent a promising delivery platform to overcome barriers of dense tissues for the treatment of various indications, including cartilage disorders.
New Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Fragments Susceptible to Aggregation
Authors: Rozniakowski Kamil , Fraczyk Andrzej , Galecki Krystian , Wietrzyk Joanna , Filip‐Psurska Beata , Fraczyk Justyna , Kaminski Zbigniew J. , Kolesinska Beata 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHuman Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (hIAPP) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of type II diabetes. The aim of this research was to search for new amyloidogenic fragments of hIAPP. An initial attempt to predict the amyloidogenic cores of polypeptides/proteins using five different computer programs did not provide conclusive results. Therefore, we synthesized hIAPP fragments covering the entire hormone. The fragments were assessed for their aggregation ability, using recommended methods to search for the amyloidogenic fragments of the polypeptides/proteins. It was found that fragments (18–22) H‐HSSNN‐OH and (33–37) H‐GSNTY‐NH2 aggregate and form stable amyloid‐like structures. Both of these fragments have a much higher antiproliferative activity relative to the RIN‐5F cell compared to the (23–27) H‐FGAIL‐OH fragment widely regarded as the amyloidogenic core of amylin. The analog of (33–37) H‐GSNTY‐NH2 containing a free carboxy group on the C‐terminal amino acid (H‐GSNTY‐OH) does not have amyloidogenic properties and can therefore be considered as a potential inhibitor of amylin aggregation. Research on the use of non‐aggregating amylin fragments as potential hormone aggregation inhibitors is ongoing.
Concurrent maxillary herpes zoster, meningitis, focal cerebral arteriopathy, and ischemic stroke: A case report
Authors: Liu Mao , Zhang Jing , Wen Mimi , Zhang Min 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSecondary headache, fever, and upper motor neuron signs following facial herpes zoster during childhood should alert clinicians to the possibility of central nervous system complications of varicella‐zoster virus infection.
Ruthenium(II) Complexes Bearing Schiff Base Ligands for Efficient Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Secondary Alcohols†
Authors: Hao Zhiqiang , Liu Kang , Feng Qi , Dong Qing , Ma Dongzhu , Han Zhangang , Lu Guo‐Liang , Lin Jin 
Published: September 2020

Four ruthenium(II) complexes 1—4 [RN=CH‐(2,4‐(tBu)2C6H2O)]RuH(PPh3)2(CO) (R = C6H5, 1; R = 4‐MeC6H4, 2; R = 4‐ClC6H4, 3; R = 4‐BrC6H4, 4) bearing Schiff base ligands were prepared by treating RuHClCO(PPh3)3 with RN=CH‐(2,4‐(tBu)2C6H2OH (L1—L4) in the presence of triethylamine. Their structures were fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. These Ru(II) complexes exhibit high catalytic performance and good functional‐group compatibility in the acceptorless dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols, affording the corresponding ketones in 82%—94% yields.
Proper cytoskeleton α‐tubulin distribution is concomitant to tyrosine phosphorylation during in vitro capacitation and acrosomal reaction in human spermatozoa
Authors: Sáez‐Espinosa Paula , Ferrández‐Rives Mariola , Huerta‐Retamal Natalia , Robles‐Gómez Laura , Aizpurua Jon , Romero Alejandro , Gómez‐Torres María José 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpermatozoa motility is a key parameter during the fertilization process. In this context, spermatozoa tyrosine protein phosphorylation and an appropriate cytoskeleton α‐tubulin distribution are some of the most important physiological events involved in motility. However, the relationship between these two biomarkers remains poorly defined. Here, we characterized simultaneously by immunocytochemistry the α‐tubulin (TUBA4A) distribution and the tyrosine phosphorylation at flagellum before capacitation, during different capacitation times (1 and 4 hr), and after acrosome reaction induction in human spermatozoa. We found that the absence of spermatozoa phosphorylation in tyrosine residues positively and significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the terminal piece α‐tubulin flagellar distribution in all physiological conditions. Conversely, we observed a positive significant correlation (p < 0.01) between phosphorylated spermatozoa and continuous α‐tubulin distribution in spermatozoa flagellum, independently of the physiological condition. Similarly, the subpopulation of spermatozoa with tyrosine phosphorylated and continuous α‐tubulin increases with longer capacitation times and after the acrosome reaction induction. Overall, these findings provide novel insights into the post‐transcriptional physiological events associated to α‐tubulin and the tyrosine phosphorylation during fertilization, which present potential implications for the improvement of spermatozoa selection methods.
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Tolerability of Oral Venglustat in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Peterschmitt M. Judith , Crawford Nigel P. S. , Gaemers Sebastiaan J. M. , Ji Allena J. , Sharma Jyoti , Pham Theresa T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVenglustat is a small‐molecule glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) inhibitor designed to reduce the production of glucosylceramide (GL‐1) and thus is expected to substantially reduce formation of glucosylceramide‐based glycosphingolipids. Because of its effect on glycosphingolipid formation, GCS inhibition has therapeutic potential across many disorders affecting glycosphingolipid metabolism. Therefore, venglustat is under development for substrate reduction therapy in multiple diseases, including Gaucher disease type 3, Parkinson's disease associated withGBAmutations, Fabry disease, GM2 gangliosidosis, and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Phase 1 studies were conducted in healthy volunteers to determine venglustat pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and tolerability and to assess food effects on pharmacokinetics (single‐dose and food‐effect studies: NCT01674036; repeated‐dose study: NCT01710826). Following a single oral dose of venglustatl‐malate (2, 5, 15, 25, 50, 100, or 150 mg), venglustat demonstrated linear pharmacokinetics, rapid absorption (median tmax, 3.00–5.50 hours), systemic exposure unaffected by food, low apparent total body clearance (mean CL/F, 5.18–6.43 L/h), and pooled geometric mean t1/2zof 28.9 hours. Following repeated once‐daily oral doses of venglustatl‐malate (5, 10, or 20 mg) for 14 days, apparent steady state occurred within 5 days of repeated dosing, with pooled accumulation ratios of 2.10 for Cmaxand 2.22 for AUC0–24, and no statistically significant effect of dose or sex on accumulation. The mean fraction of dose excreted unchanged in urine (fe0–24) was 26.3% to 33.1%. Plasma GL‐1 and GM3 decreased time‐ and dose‐dependently. Venglustat demonstrated a favorable safety and tolerability profile.
Water Electrolysis in Saturated Phosphate Buffer at Neutral pH
Authors: Naito Takahiro , Shinagawa Tatsuya , Nishimoto Takeshi , Takanabe Kazuhiro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHydrogen production from renewable energy and ubiquitous water has a potential to achieve sustainability, although current water electrolyzers cannot compete economically with the fossil fuel‐based technology. Here, we evaluate water electrolysis at pH 7 that is milder than acidic and alkaline pH counterparts and may overcome this issue. The physicochemical properties of concentrated buffer electrolytes were assessed at various temperatures and molalities for quantitative determination of losses associated with mass‐transport during the water electrolysis. Subsequently, in saturated K‐phosphate solutions at 80 °C and 100 °C that were found to be optimal to minimize the losses originating from mass‐transport at the neutral pH, the water electrolysis performance over model electrodes of IrOx and Pt as an anode and a cathode, respectively, was reasonably comparable with those of the extreme pH. Remarkably, this concentrated buffer solution also achieved enhanced stability, adding another merit of this electrolyte for water electrolysis.
The quest for substrates and binding partners: A critical barrier for understanding the role of ADAMTS proteases in musculoskeletal development and disease
Authors: Satz‐Jacobowitz Brandon , Hubmacher Dirk 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSecreted ADAMTS metalloproteases are involved in the sculpting, remodeling, and erosion of connective tissues throughout the body, including in the musculoskeletal system. ADAMTS proteases contribute to musculoskeletal development, pathological tissue destruction, and are mutated in congenital musculoskeletal disorders. Examples include versican cleavage by ADAMTS9 which is required for interdigital web regression during limb development, ADAMTS5‐mediated aggrecan degradation in osteoarthritis resulting in joint erosion, and mutations in ADAMTS10 or ADAMTS17 that cause Weill‐Marchesani syndrome, a short stature syndrome with bone, joint, muscle, cardiac, and eye involvement. Since the function of ADAMTS proteases and proteases in general is primarily defined by the molecular consequences of proteolysis of their respective substrates, it is paramount to identify all physiological substrates for each individual ADAMTS protease. Here, we review the current knowledge of ADAMTS proteases and their involvement in musculoskeletal development and disease, focusing on some of their known physiological substrates and the consequences of substrate cleavage. We further emphasize the critical need for the identification and validation of novel ADAMTS substrates and binding partners by describing the principles of mass spectrometry‐based approaches and by emphasizing strategies that need to be considered for validating the physiological relevance for ADAMTS‐mediated proteolysis of novel putative substrates.
Evolutionary trajectory of fishPiscine novirhabdovirus(=Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus) across its Laurentian Great Lakes history: Spatial and temporal diversification
Authors: Stepien Carol A. , Niner Megan D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPiscine novirhabdovirus = Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) first appeared in the Laurentian Great Lakes with large outbreaks from 2005 to 2006, as a new and novel RNA rhabdovirus subgenogroup (IVb) that killed >30 fish species. Interlude periods punctuated smaller more localized outbreaks in 2007, 2010, and 2017, although some fishes tested positive in the intervals. There have not been reports of outbreaks or positives from 2018, 2019, or 2020. Here, we employ a combined population genetics and phylogenetic approach to evaluate spatial and temporal evolutionary trajectory on itsG‐gene sequence variation, in comparison with whole‐genome sequences (11,083 bp) from a subset of 44 individual isolates (including 40 newly sequenced ones). Our results show that IVb (N = 184 individual fish isolates) diversified into 36G‐gene haplotypes from 2003 to 2017, stemming from two originals (“a” and “b”).G‐gene haplotypes “a” and “b” differed by just one synonymous single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) substitution, remained the most abundant until 2011, then disappeared. Group “a” descendants (14 haplotypes) remained most prevalent in the Upper and Central Great Lakes, with eight (51%) having nonsynonymous substitutions. Group “b” descendants primarily have occurred in the Lower Great Lakes, including 22 haplotypes, of which 15 (68%) contained nonsynonymous changes. Evolutionary patterns of the whole‐genome sequences (which had 34 haplotypes among 44 isolates) appear congruent with those from theG‐gene. Virus populations significantly diverged among the Upper, Central, and Lower Great Lakes, diversifying over time. Spatial divergence was apparent in the overall patterns of nucleotide substitutions, while amino acid changes increased temporally. VHSV‐IVb thus significantly differentiated across its less than two decades in the Great Lakes, accompanied by declining outbreaks and virulence. Continuing diversification likely allowed the virus to persist at low levels in resident fish populations, and may facilitate its potential for further and future spread to new habitats and nonacclimated hosts.
Miocene diversification of a golden‐thread nanmu tree species (Phoebe zhennan, Lauraceae) around the Sichuan Basin shaped by the East Asian monsoon
Authors: Xiao Jian‐Hua , Ding Xin , Li Lang , Ma Hui , Ci Xiu‐Qin , van der Merwe Marlien , Conran John G. , Li Jie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the role of climate changes and geography as drivers of population divergence and speciation is a long‐standing goal of evolutionary biology and can inform conservation. In this study, we used restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) to evaluate genetic diversity, population structure, and infer demographic history of the endangered tree, Phoebe zhennan which is distributed around the Sichuan Basin. Genomic patterns revealed two distinct clusters, each largely confined to the West and East. Despite sympatry of the two genomic clusters at some sites, individuals show little or no evidence of genomic introgression. Demographic modeling supported an initial divergence time between the West and East lineages at ~15.08 Ma with further diversification within the West lineage at ~7.12 Ma. These times largely coincide with the two independent intensifications of the East Asian monsoon that were initiated during the middle (Langhian) and late Miocene (Messinian), respectively. These results suggest that the Miocene intensification phases of the East Asian monsoon played a pivotal role in shaping the current landscape‐level patterns of genetic diversity within P. zhennan, as has been found for the interspecific divergence of other subtropical Chinese plants. Based on isolation‐by‐distance and species distribution modeling, we hypothesize that P. zhennan followed a ring diversification which was facilitated by the Sichuan Basin acting as barrier to gene flow. In situ and ex situ conservation management plans should consider the results obtained in this study to help secure the future of this beautiful and culturally significant endangered tree.