bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Derrida's Unconditional Hospitality as the Improbable: An Example of Innovation in Refugee Care
Authors: Chiovenda Melissa Kerr 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveI contend that City Plaza, a refugee‐run hotel in Athens, Greece has actually used socialist and anarchist political theories in an innovative way for our current global system by subverting the norms of the nation‐state with regard to refugee care. I am framing this argument by considering Derrida's discussion of unconditional and conditional hospitality.MethodsThe article is based on ethnographic research carried out in Athens during the summers from 2016–2019.ResultsI suggest that in its innovative methods of providing refugee care, City Plaza is highly successful.ConclusionWhile Derrida contends that unconditional hospitality, the acceptance and embracing of the stranger without condition or question, is a moral imperative, realistically this is not possible in our current global system. I argue that at City Plaza, the improbable was achieved as a group of activists subverted the dominant system and yielded better results than state governments and international organizations with much greater resources.
In Blockchain We Trust: Does Blockchain Itself Generate Trust?
Authors: Shin Donghee , Bianco William T. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesThis study considers the affordance of users' perceived technological property of blockchains and investigates how users discover the possible actions that can be performed within blockchain media. With a focus on the role of trust, it analyzes how motivational affordances in blockchain media influence user experienceMethodsQualitative methods are used to obtain the depth of understanding and elicit the perspective of blockchain media. We then conduct a survey to analyze the affordance of trust in the acceptance of blockchain mediaResultsOur confirmed model indicates a heuristic dimension of trust regarding underlying ties to affective and technological
affordances. These findings imply that cognitive heuristics affect users' decision making about privacy and security on blockchain media. These heuristics lead users to engage in uncertain and even risky transactions in blockchain media.ConclusionsDespite the exponential growth in blockchain development, there has been little attention paid on how technological innovations of blockchains can produce value in the media sector. Our findings provide a lens to understand the blockchain's usability problems by pairing heuristics to blockchain design and user experience principles.
Circulating heparin‐like anticoagulants: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Hou Chenchen , Moffat Karen A. , Gangji Azim S. , Ning Shuoyan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report a case of a 56‐year‐old woman with a history of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) following splenectomy on mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), who developed moderate bleeding after stopping MMF. Her laboratory testing suggested the presence of an abnormal circulating heparin‐like anticoagulant with demonstrable anti‐Xa activity. She was initially treated with antifibrinolytic therapy and was subsequently started on MMF alongside intravenous immunoglobulin, which significantly improved her bleeding symptoms. The presence of abnormal circulating heparin‐like anticoagulants is a rare cause of coagulopathy. Few cases exist in the literature, with nearly all occurring in the setting of hematologic or solid‐organ malignancy. The mechanism by which these endogenous anticoagulants develop is unclear. Clinical manifestations range from mild bleeding and bruising to life‐threatening hemorrhage refractory to conventional therapy. Diagnosis of a heparin‐like anticoagulant is based on coagulation testing as well as exclusion of other exogenous anticoagulants, acquired inhibitors, and/or factor deficiencies.
Silent hypoxaemia in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Simonson Tatum S. , Baker Tracy L. , Banzett Robert B. , Bishop Tammie , Dempsey Jerome A. , Feldman Jack L. , Guyenet Patrice G. , Hodson Emma J. , Mitchell Gordon S. , Moya Esteban A. , Nokes Brandon T. , Orr Jeremy E. , Owens Robert L. , Poulin Marc , Rawling Jean M. , Schmickl Christopher N. , Watters Jyoti J. , Younes Magdy , Malhotra Atul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe clinical presentation of COVID‐19 due to infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 is highly variable with the majority of patients having mild symptoms while others develop severe respiratory failure. The reason for this variability is unclear but is in critical need of investigation. Some COVID‐19 patients have been labelled with ‘happy hypoxia’, in which patient complaints of dyspnoea and observable signs of respiratory distress are reported to be absent. Based on ongoing debate, we highlight key respiratory and neurological components that could underlie variation in the presentation of silent hypoxaemia and define priorities for subsequent investigation.
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Human–Robot Interfaces of the NeuRoboScope: A Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Pituitary Tumor Surgery Robotic Assistance System
Authors: Dede Mehmet İsmet Can , Kiper Gökhan , Ayav Tolga , Özdemirel Barbaros , Tatlıcıoğlu Enver , Hanalioglu Sahin , Işıkay İlkay , Berker Mustafa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Endoscopic endonasal surgery is a commonly practiced minimally invasive neurosurgical operation for the treatment of a wide range of skull base pathologies including pituitary tumors. A common shortcoming of this surgery is the necessity of a third hand when the endoscope has to be handled to allow active use of both hands of the main surgeon. The robot surgery assistant NeuRoboScope system has been developed to take over the endoscope from the main surgeon's hand while providing the surgeon with the necessary means of controlling the location and direction of the endoscope. One of the main novelties of the NeuRoboScope system is its human–robot interface designs which regulate and facilitate the interaction between the surgeon and the robot assistant. The human–robot interaction design of the NeuRoboScope system is investigated in two domains: direct physical interaction (DPI) and master–slave teleoperation (MST). The user study indicating the learning curve and ease of use of the MST is given and this paper is concluded via providing the reader with an outlook of possible new human–robot interfaces for the robot assisted surgery systems.
Are Maxwell knots integrable?
Authors: Morozov A. , Tselousov N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe review properties of the null-field solutions of source-free Maxwell equations. We focus on the electric and magnetic field lines, especially on limit cycles, which actually can be knotted and/or linked at every given moment. We analyse the fact that the Poynting vector induces self-consistent time evolution of these lines and demonstrate that the Abelian link invariant is integral of motion. We also consider particular examples of the field lines for the particular family of finite energy source-free “knot” solutions, attempting to understand when the field lines are closed – and can be discussed in terms of knots and links. Based on computer simulations we conjecture that Ranada’s solution, where every pair of lines forms a Hopf link, is rather exceptional. In general, only particular lines (a set of measure zero) are limit cycles and represent closed lines forming knots/links, while all the rest are twisting around them and remain unclosed. Still, conservation laws of Poynting evolution and associated integrable structure should persist.
China’s Grand Strategy through Infrastructure Projects in Africa
Authors: Lechini Gladys , Dussort Maria Noel , Marchetti Agustina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
China’s intention to go global has been clear since Xi Jinping assumed power, displaying its grand strategy. Infrastructure projects supporting physical connectivity reveal China’s policies to expand its actions beyond the regional environment and consolidate its power projection. The Going Out policy has been the tool to back up Chinese investments in infrastructure, and African countries have offered a good opportunity to show what can be done in an almost bare terrain. Nigeria and Kenya are good examples to empirically demonstrate China’s intentions, as they have railway remodelling or construction projects underway.
The (Ir)relevance of Transnational Public Policy in Investment Treaty Arbitration – A Reply to Jean-Michel Marcoux
Authors: De Brabandere Eric 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In his article ‘Transnational Public Policy as a Vehicle to Impose Human Rights Obligations in International Investment Arbitration’, Jean-Michel Marcoux investigates whether international investment tribunals can rely on transnational public policy to impose human rights obligations on investors. While I generally side with the idea that international human rights as such are highly relevant in (some) international investment arbitrations, I argue in this article that transnational or truly international public policy as a concept is largely, and as a matter of principle, irrelevant in investment treaty arbitration. Secondly, even if one were to accept that transnational public policy has a role to play, I question the usefulness of framing various human rights issues as questions of ‘transnational public policy’.
Evaluating Monin–Obukhov Scaling in the Unstable Oceanic Surface Layer
Authors: Zheng Zhihua , Harcourt Ramsey R. , D’Asaro Eric A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMonin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) provides important scaling laws for flow properties in the surface layer of the atmosphere and has contributed to most of our understanding of the near-surface turbulence. The prediction of near-surface vertical mixing in most operational ocean models is largely built upon this theory. However, the validity of MOST in the upper ocean is questionable due to the demonstrated importance of surface waves in the region. Here we examine the validity of MOST in the statically unstable oceanic surface layer, using data collected from two open ocean sites with different wave conditions. The observed vertical temperature gradients are found to be about half of those predicted by MOST. We hypothesize this is attributable to either the breaking of surface waves, or Langmuir turbulence generated by the wave–current interaction. Existing turbulence closure models for surface wave breaking and for Langmuir turbulence are simplified to test these two hypotheses. Although both models predict reduced temperature gradients, the simplified Langmuir turbulence model matches observations more closely, when appropriately tuned.
Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for the pre-treatment prediction of early metachronous metastasis in endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a big-data intelligence platform-based analysis
Authors: Zhang Lu-Lu , Xu Fei , He Wen-Ting , Huang Meng-Yao , Song Di , Li Yi-Yang , Deng Qi-Ling , Huang Yong-Shi , Wang Ting , Shao Jian-Yong 
Published: December 2020

Background: Early failure of cancer treatment generally indicates a poor prognosis. Here, we aim to develop and validate a pre-treatment nomogram to predict early metachronous metastasis (EMM) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: From 2009 to 2015, a total of 9461 patients with NPC (training cohort: n = 7096; validation cohort: n = 2365) were identified from an institutional big-data research platform. EMM was defined as time to metastasis within 2 years after treatment. Early metachronous distant metastasis-free survival (EM-DMFS) was the primary endpoint. A nomogram was established with the significant prognostic factors for EM-DMFS determined by multivariate Cox regression analyses in the training cohort. The Harrell Concordance Index (C-index), area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration curves were applied to evaluate this model. Results: EMM account for 73.5% of the total metachronous metastasis rate and is associated with poor long-term survival in NPC. The final nomogram, which included six clinical variables, achieved satisfactory discriminative performance and significantly outperformed the traditional tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) classification for predicting EM-DMFS: C-index: 0.721 versus 0.638, p < 0.001; AUC: 0.730 versus 0.644, p < 0.001. The calibration curves showed excellent agreement between the predicted and actual EM-DMFS. The nomogram can stratify patients into three risk groups with distinct EM-DMFS (2-year DMFS: 96.8% versus 90.1% versus 80.3%, p < 0.001). A validation cohort supported the results. The three identified risk groups are correlated with the efficacy of different treatment regimens. Conclusion: Our established nomogram can reliably predict EMM in patients with NPC and might aid in formulating risk-adapted treatment decisions and personalized patient follow-up strategies.
Elevated ectodomain of type 23 collagen is a novel biomarker of the intestinal epithelium to monitor disease activity in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
Authors: Manon‐Jensen T. , Sun S. , Lindholm M. , Domislović V. , Giuffrida P. , Brinar M. , Mazza G. , Pinzani M. , Krznarić Z. , Di Sabatino A. , Karsdal M. A. , Mortensen J. H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundImpaired intestinal epithelial barrier is highly affected in inflammatory bowel disease. Transmembrane collagens connecting the epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix have an important role in epithelial cell homeostasis. Thus, we sought to determine whether the transmembrane type 23 collagen could serve as a surrogate marker for disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.MethodsWe developed an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay to detect the ectodomain of type 23 collagen (PRO‐C23) in serum, followed by evaluation of its levels in both acute and chronic dextran sulphate sodium colitis models in rats and human inflammatory bowel disease cohorts. Serum from 44 Crohn's disease and 29 ulcerative colitis patients with active and inactive disease was included.ResultsIn the acute and chronic dextran sulphate sodium‐induced rat colitis model, the PRO‐C23 serum levels were significantly increased after colitis and returned to normal levels after disease remission. Serum levels of PRO‐C23 were elevated in Crohn's disease (p < 0.05) and ulcerative colitis (p < 0.001) patients with active disease compared to healthy donors. PRO‐C23 differentiated healthy donors from ulcerative colitis (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.81, p = 0.0009) and Crohn's disease (AUC: 0.70, p = 0.0124). PRO‐C23 differentiated ulcerative colitis patients with active disease from those in remission (AUC: 0.75, p = 0.0219) and Crohn's disease patients with active disease from those in remission (AUC: 0.68, p = 0.05).ConclusionPRO‐C23 was elevated in rats with active colitis, and inflammatory bowel disease patients with active disease. Therefore, PRO‐C23 may be used as a surrogate marker for monitoring disease activity in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Measuring ocular torsion and its variations using different nonmydriatic fundus photographic methods
Authors: Kang Hyunkyoo , Lee Sang Jae , Shin Hyun Jin , Lee Andrew G. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
To compare the variations in ocular torsion measurements made using different fundus photographic methods.

Methods
We enrolled subjects with three conditions: (1) patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) (n = 44), (2) patients with unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) (n = 10), and (3) normal subjects as controls (n = 85). Ocular torsion was measured by disc-center–fovea angle (DFA) using three different imaging modalities: (1) conventional fundus photography (CFP) with a 45° field of view (FV), (2) wide-field fundus photography (WFP) with a 200° FV, and (3) optical coherence tomography (OCT) with a 55° FV.

Results
In the IXT group, the DFAs in the right and left eyes were 5.70±3.35° and 6.37±3.36°, respectively, for CFP, 8.39±5.24° and 8.61±3.67° for WFP, and 5.73±3.61° for 6.16±3.50° for OCT. In the SOP group, the DFAs in paretic and nonparetic eyes were 12.19±1.69° and 6.71±1.09°, respectively, for CFP, 14.29±2.36° and 8.23±3.31° for WFP, and 12.12±1.73° and 6.91±1.12° for OCT. In the control group, the DFAs in the right and left eyes were 5.39±2.65° and 5.71±3.16°, respectively, for CFP, 8.77±5.56° and 8.90±6.24° for WFP, and 5.27±2.67° and 5.72±3.20° for OCT. There was no difference between the results from CFP and OCT among the three groups. However, the torsional angle was larger when measured using WFP than the other two photographic methods (CFP and OCT) in all three groups (all p<0.05).

Conclusion
The ocular torsion measurement varies with the fundus photographic method used to measure it. Clinicians should be careful to avoid overestimating ocular extorsion when it is evaluated using WFP.
Öffentliche Bibliotheken als dritte Orte und Bildungsgerechtigkeit in Zeiten von Covid-19
Authors: Thiele Katja , Klagge Britta 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Corona-Krise hat weitreichende Konsequenzen für den Betrieb kommunaler Einrichtungen in ganz Europa. Besonders die freiwilligen Einrichtungen der kulturellen Bildung wie Öffentliche Bibliotheken, die jenseits der formalen Bildung einen Beitrag zur Bildungsgerechtigkeit leisten, wurden geschlossen. Öffentliche Bibliotheken mussten ihre Dienstleistungen und Angebote anpassen und neue Formate entwickeln. Der Beitrag zeigt die aktuellen Entwicklungen in Deutschland und Europa auf und beleuchtet die Folgen für die Bildungsgerechtigkeit in Städten und Kommunen.
Taylor Series Based Numerical Integration Method
Authors: Veigend Petr , Nečasová Gabriela , Šátek Václav 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article deals with a high order integration method based on the Taylor series. The paper shows many positive properties of this method on a set of technical initial value problems. These problems can be transformed into the autonomous systems of ordinary differential equations for both linear and nonlinear problems. The MATLAB implementation of the method is compared with state-of-the-art MATLAB solvers.
Our Atoms, Ourselves: Lucretius on the Psychology of Personal Identity (DRN3.843–864)
Authors: Lentricchia Maeve 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn Epicurean cosmology, material reconstitution, orpalingenesis(παλιγγενεσία) is the necessary consequence of the infinity of time and the eternity of atoms. I examine Lucretius’ treatment of this phenomenon (DRN3.843–864) and consider the extent to which his view enables us to develop an Epicurean response to the question: what makes a person at two different times one and the same person? I offer a reading of this passage in the light of modern accounts of persistence and identity, and what Lucretius states in Books 3 and 4 about memory and the soul’s motions. Guided by the metaphysical implications of this analysis, I determine the type of relation which, according to Lucretius, holds between the mental and the physical.
Examination of preferences in the field of mobility of the city of Pila in terms of services provided by the Municipal Transport Company in Pila
Authors: Gorzelanczyk Piotr 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of the article is to learn about the mobility preferences of the inhabitants of the city of Pila in terms of services provided by the Municipal Transport Company in Pila (MTC). The research aims to improve the quality of services provided by MTC. The article characterizes the concept of urban transport and mobility, and then proposes a mobility model that takes into account the preferences of residents when choosing a means of transport.
This model was analyzed in the form of a questionnaire survey. In which, inter alia, o user data (sex, age, place of residence), information on the mobility structure, travel organization, selection criteria of the analyzed means of transport, i.e. public transport (e.g. cost, time, comfort, safety, punctuality and frequency of travel). Based on the research, it can be concluded that the inhabitants of Pila choose public transport because they do not have a driving license, they download information about the timetable from the Internet, buses in Pila are punctual, comfortable, safe, and drivers and ticket inspectors are usually polite, buses should run more often, they are incorrectly synchronized, a new bus line should be open and the ticket machine is easy to use. In addition, the residents of Pila do not know what the Dynamic Passenger Information System is, but they would like to use the mobile application showing the actual time of arrival of the bus.
Dual circular slot ring triple-band MIMO antenna for 5G applications
Authors: Kumar Anand , Mahto Santosh Kumar , Sinha Rashmi , Choubey Arvind 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A Triple-band Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for 5G mobile terminal applications is proposed in this paper. The design comprises four-port/two resonators, each having two concentric circular slot ring radiators etched on a ground plane of size 50 mm

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50 mm. The antenna is fed by perpendicularly arranged 50 Ω microstrip line feeds on the top layer. Decoupling techniques were used to suppress mutual coupling between the two resonators. The perpendicular arrangement of the feed lines and port reduces mutual coupling between the two ports and increases isolation. The antenna operates in multiple bands: 3.35–3.69 GHz, 24–28 GHz, and 37–40 GHz frequency range with central frequencies at 3.5 GHz, 26 GHz, and 38 GHz, respectively allocated for 5G. The antenna provides a gain of 2.7–7.8 dB and a radiation efficiency of 0.49–0.85 in the operating bands. Diversity performance is studied in terms of the Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), and Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC) were found to be less than 0.01, greater than 9.99 dB, and less than −10 dB respectively. The proposed antenna offers good S-parameters, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), TARC, radiation pattern, high gain, and low ECC. The antenna was fabricated and tested. The measured results and simulated results are in good agreement. It possesses sufficient potential for 5G mobile terminal and smart wearable applications.
On a class of nonlinear elliptic problems with obstacle
Authors: Aharouch Lahsen , Kbiri Alaoui Mohammed , Di Fazio Giuseppe , Altanji Mohamed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with the existence and regularity of some unilateral problem associated to a nonlinear equation of type

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