bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Structural Error Compensation of 3-UPU Parallel Mechanism
Authors: Wei Yonggeng , Shi Xin , Wang Zhongxian 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Compared with the traditional series mechanism, the parallel mechanism
has a better kinematic performance. Structural size error is the main factor affecting the accuracy of
parallel mechanisms.

Objective:
The paper mainly studies the compensation of the rod length error, the moving platform
radius error and the fixed platform radius error of 3-UPU parallel mechanism.

Methods:
To establish a generalized forward and inverse solution equation with error compensation,
the position change of the moving platform is measured by a laser interferometer, and the change
amount of the three connecting rod lengths at the corresponding position is recorded. Optimized by
least squares method, the optimized error compensation values are compensated to the kinematics
algorithm of the numerical control system, and the positioning accuracy is improved.

Results:
The results show that the positioning accuracy is higher when the mechanism moves in the
lower plane, and the positioning error in the z axis direction is smaller than x, y, y=x, y=-x axis.

Conclusion:
After the error compensation, the overall positioning accuracy of the mechanism is
increased by 60%.
Fermentasi Kelapa Parut Bebas Protein dengan Aspergillus niger untuk Menghasilkan Lipase
Authors: Aulia Rifka , Bahri Syaiful , Ananda Meryany 
Published: April 2020

The research about the fermentation of protein-free grated coconut with Aspergillus niger to produce of crude lipase enzyme has been carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of water content on fermentation medium and the incubation time which results lipase enzyme extract with the highest activity. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors, i.e. variations of water content in medium of 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% and incubation times of 48, 96, 144, and 192 hours. The parameters observed were lipase enzyme activity produced in each treatment. The results showed that the highest medium water content was 70% with the lipase enzyme activity 4.33 µmol/mL.minute and the best incubation time was 96 hours with the lipase enzyme activity of 0.83 µmol/mL.minute.
Keywords: Lipase enzyme, protein-free grated coconut, Aspergillus niger
Retensi Antosianin dari Ekstrak Daun Bayam Merah (Alternanthera amoena Voss) pada Pengolahan Mie Basah
Authors: Eppang Betzy , Nurhaeni  , Khairuddin  , Ridhay Ahmad , Jusman  
Published: April 2020

Research about the retention of red spinach leaves extract (Alternanthera amoena Voss) as a natural coloring and preservative in wet noodles has been done. The study aim is to determine the anthocyanin retention of red spinach leaves extract in the processing of wet noodles and determine the organoleptic quality of wet noodles by adding pigment red spinach leaves extract. The extraction method used the maceration method by ethanol solvent. Anthocyanin levels on an extract that obtained by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer were 33.34%. Anthocyanin retention of red spinach leaves extract on wet noodle processing at storage times of 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 hours was 100%, 75.87%, 75.37%, 74.95%, 74.62%, 74.12%, 73.28%, 71.70%, and 70.61%. Organoleptic quality of wet noodles that was added with extract has “like” to “really like” grade with score detail of the best color of 4.37 at 18 hours storage, whereas the odor, texture, and taste for 0 hours storage have the highest score of 4.63, 4.63, and 4.57, respectively. The wet noodles with red spinach leaves extract more preferred than the noodles without extracts.
Keywords: Retention, anthocyanin, Alternanthera amoena Voss., wet noodles
Skrining Fitokimia, Uji Toksisitas dan Uji Peredaman Radikal DPPH Ekstrak Daun Gelinggang (Cassia alata L)
Authors: Mawaddah Izkia , E Erwin , Saleh Chairul 
Published: April 2020

Cassia alata L. (Gelinggang) one of the plants known as medicinal plants, especially for the treatment of skin diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the type of secondary metabolites using phytochemical tests, toxicity with the BSLT method and antioxidant properties against DPPH radicals from the extract of the Gelinggang leaves. The results of the study showed extracts of Gelinggang leaves containing alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, and quinones. Based on the results of toxicity and antioxidant tests showed that Gelinggang leaves extract was very toxic to Artemia salina shrimp and it was a strong antioxidant against DPPH radicals with LC50 and IC50 were 28.84 ppm and 73.57 ppm, respectively.
Keywords: Gelinggang, Cassia alata L., toxicity, antioxidants, DPPH
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder dari Ekstrak Etil Asetat Batang Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lmk.) dan Aktivitasnya Sebagai Antibakteri
Authors: Indriani  , Iswan  
Published: April 2020

Isolation and identification of secondary metabolite of ethyl acetate extract of jackfruit stem (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lmk.) as well as its activity as antibacterial have been carried out. The purpose of this study was to know the characterization and antibacterial activity of secondary metabolites from ethyl acetate extract of the Jackfruit stem. Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated and purified using several chromatographic techniques. The identification of the isolated compound was elucidated by spectroscopic UV-Vis, IR, and NMR. Based on data analysis of UV, IR, and NMR spectra showed that the isolated compound was a flavonoid derivative. Antibacterial activity test of the isolated compound to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was done by a well diffusion method. The inhibitory zone values of flavonoid compound in concentration series of 1000 µg/ml, 3000 µg/ml, and 5000 µg/ml against E. coli were 9.65 mm, 10.25 mm, and 11.00 mm, respectively. While, the inhibitory zone values in the same concentration series against S. aureus were 9.00 mm, 10.75 mm, and 11.38 mm.
Keywords: Jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lmk., flavonoid, antibacterial activity.
IMPROVING EARLY CHILDHOOD STUDENTS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY BY USING ANIMAL POP UP SLIDE MEDIA IN TK AISYIYAH DOLOPO
Authors: Agassy Fahad Sandi 
Published: April 2020

Young learners can be defined as children in age ranging from five or six years old who are attending elementary school to twelve years old. In this research the researcher chose to teach vocabulary in TK (kindergarten) Aisyiyah Dolopo. The reason for choosing to teach vocabulary is because vocabulary is one of the important elements in language. The researcher focuses on teaching vocabulary words to the young learners. The researcher used pop up slide book to improve students’ vocabulary. The pop up slide book is a book which shows three dimensional pictures when the pull or trigger is pulled. The name pop up slide book is originated from the term “Slide” which means “to move smoothly along a surface”. The name slide was added by the researcher as the new variant of pop up book. The method for this research was Classroom Action Research which took two cycles. This research method was conducted to know the problems inside the classroom thus the solution can be found. The goal of this research is to make children learn English through pop up slide book. The instruments used in this research were observation, interview and test. The research results based on the implementation of popup animal slide media in TK Aisyiyah Dolopo Madiun showed that in cycle 1 up to cycle 2 the implementation of pop up slide book was able to improve students’ score. In the first cycle many students achieved score 70 and in the second observation their score were above 80. The highest score was 100 for the test in cycle 2. The interview result showed that 100% of the students liked the pop up slide book with the animal poster. In the first interview cycle, 87% of students were afraid to learn English but in the second interview cycle, 100% of students could speak English comfortably without hesitation. Moreover from the observation in first cycle only 46% students who were excited to learn with pop up book, but in the second cycle 90% of students were excited to learn English during lesson using pop up slide book. It means that pop up Slide Book as teaching media could successfully improve students’ vocabulary. Keywords: Kindergarten, Pop Up Slide Book, Vocabulary
A CASE STUDY ON CULTURE SHOCK BY THAILAND STUDENTS IN PONOROGO
Authors: Konrasee Maimunah 
Published: April 2020

This research focuses on culture shock by Thailand students in Ponorogo with two aims: (1) to elaborate on the culture shock by Thailand students in Ponorogo. (2) to investigate the way of Thailand students in Ponorogo adjust their problem with Indonesian culture. This research used qualitative design, while the data were displayed in the forms of descriptive. The researcher took four Thailand students who are studying in Ponorogo. There are one student from Muhammadiyah University of Ponorogo (UMPO), two students from University Darussalam Gontor (UNIDA), and one student from Institute Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN). The researcher used interview and documentation as the instruments for collecting the data. The results showed that there were two problems on culture shock by Thai students in Ponorogo. The problems were: the problems about the cultural difference such as language, social manner, and religious life and the problems about life change such as food, transportation and emotion. Meanwhile, the way to adjust the culture shock in Poronogo by Thai students were: learnt and understand more about host culture, accepted the cultural difference between host culture and their culture, participated in activities related with cultural difference such as summer camp. It helped them to fast adaptation in culture and language, and joined BIPA program (Bahasa Indonesia untuk Penutur Asing). That made them fast adaptation in Indonesia language and also fast adaptation with cultural difference.Keywords: Culture, Thai Culture, Indonesian Culture, Culture Shock
ITERASI FUNGSI KUADRAT KOMPLEKS DAN KONSTRUKSI HIMPUNAN JULIA
Authors: Rohmah Azizah Fattu 
Published: April 2020

This research aims to: (1) study and explain the definition of the Julia set, (2) study and explain the characteristics of the Julia set, (3) construct and visualize the Julia set in computer. This research is a qualitative descriptive research in the form of literature study. The method used in this research is examine various scientific literatures such as books and scientific journals about the definition, characteristics, and the method of constructing and visualizing Julia's set. The main reference of this research is the book Fractal Geometry Mathematical Foundations and Applications edition by Kenneth Falconer (2003). The results of this research are as follows: (1) the Julia set is the boundary of filled- in Julia sets, which is the set of points where in every neighbourhood of there are points and with and ; (2) there are two characteristics of Julia set based on parameters , namely Julia set in a totally disconnected curve and Julia set in a simple closed curve ; (3) the steps in constructing the Julia set are to take the function of the Julia set, choose the value, determine the number of iterations to be performed, do the calculations according to the iteration that has been determined, then visualize. In visualizing the Julia set, it is needed computer application assistance, one of which is Matlab, so that the results for the Julia set can be modeled in an interesting form. Keywords: Complex Quadratic Functions; Julia Set; Iteration
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN KEPALA DESA WONOKARTO KECAMATAN NGADIROJO KABUPATEN PACITAN PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR NOMOR 12 TAHUN 2010 TENTANG PERSELINGKUHAN/PERNIKAHAN DIBAWAH UMUR/PUTUS SEKOLAH DAN HAMIL DILUAR NIKAH
Authors: Indahsari Lilik Nur 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi masyarakat Desa Wonokarto Kecamatan Ngadirojo Kabupaten Pacitan terhadap Keputusan Kepala Desa Wonokarto Kecamatan Ngadirojo Nomor 12 Tahun 2010 Tentang Perselingkuhan/Pernikahan Dibawah Umur/Putus Sekolah dan Hamil Diluar Nikah. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan informan sebanyak 50 orang yang berasal dari 5 dukuh yang ada di Desa Wonokarto Kecamatan Ngadirojo Kabupaten Pacitan. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa mayoritas masyarakat setuju dengan keputusan kepala desa tersebut dengan alasan ketika diterapkan tata laku masyarakat menjadi lebih disiplin, selain itu masyarakat juga diharapkan memiliki efek jera. Kemudian dapat diketahui juga bahwa 98% masyarakat mengetahui terkait dengan sanksi yang dibebankan apabila ada pelanggaran, akan tetapi 2% dari masyarakat tersebut kurang mengetahui terkait besaran sanksi yang harus dibayarkan. Adapun saran yang diberikan berdasarkan penelitian adalah pemerintah desa diharapkan memberikan sosialisasi secara berkelanjutan kepada masyarakat terkait dengan keputusan kepala desa yang telah dikeluarkan tersebut. Untuk masyarakat desa sendiri seharusnya masyarakat lebih memahami terkait dengan sanksi denda yang dibebankan, hal ini dimaksudkan agar masyarakat bisa mengetahui dan meminimalisir apabila terjadi kecurangan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah desa. Kata Kunci: Persepsi Masyarakat, Kebijakan Kepala Desa
Bali Diaspora di Jayapura: Makna Pura Agung Surya Bhuvana dalam Membangun Kerukunan di Tanah Papua
Authors: Rai S I Wayan , Sunartha I Gusti Made , Purnamaningsih Ida Ayu Made , Ruastiti Ni Made , Wafom Yunus 
Published: April 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari makna Pura Agung Surya Bhuvana di Jayapura dalam membangun kerukunan di Tanah Papua. Kehidupan orang Jayapura identik dengan kerusuhan yang sering terjadi. Hal itu tampak berbeda sehubungan dengan kehidupan Bali diaspora dekat Pura Agung Surya Bhuvana ditandai dengan kerukunan antar-umat beragama. Kajian difokuskan pada dua masalah: Mengapa orang non-Hindu di Jayapura sering mengunjungi Pura Agung Surya Bhuvana? Bagaimana mereka memahami Pura Agung Surya Bhuvana di era global ini? Penelitian kualitatif mengumpulkan data melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, FGD, dan studi dokumen. Data dianalisis dengan teori religi, teori simbol, dan teori struktural-fungsional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keramahan orang Bali diaspora yang mengelola Pura Agung Surya Bhuvana membuat orang non-Hindu merasa disambut saat mengunjungi pura. Komunitas Bali diaspora di Jayapura memaknai Pura Agung Surya Bhuvana sebagai tempat persembahyangan, tempat pertemuan para umat berbeda agama, tempat bersenian, tempat untuk memperkuat kehidupan multi-kultur dan sebagai media untuk memperkuat integrasi nasional.Kata kunci: Bali diaspora, makna pura agung surya bhuvana, harmoni kehidupan beragama, era global.
The Roles and Contributions of Stakeholders in Villages Tourism Brand Management in Bali and India
Authors: Karta Ni Luh Putu Agustini , Kusumawijaya Ida Ketut , Babu Kappola Victor 
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the stakeholder’s roles and contributions in brand management of village tourisms in Bali and India. A descriptive qualitative research conducted in village tourisms in Bali, Indonesia with village tourisms in Andra Pradesh, India. In-depth interviews and discussions were conducted with twenty key informants involved in the management of the respective village tourisms. The findings are the stakeholders play an essential role in branding village tourisms to be able to build a good image of the destination. All activities offered in village tourisms indirectly become the brand of the village. This brand is expected to increase tourist visits, strengthen the image and keep the village tourisms sustainable. The brand of village tourisms is an important thing to be considered by visitors in selecting the destination, so every stakeholder must contribute to create good brand image.Keywords: roles, stakeholder, branding, village tourisms, image
Malignant clinical course of mycotic intracranial aneurysms in children: A review
Authors: Khormi Yahya H , Tyndall Ronette Goodluck , Tamber Mandeep 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Mycotic aneurysms are a rare in the pediatric population. The natural history of these lesions and their appropriate management strategies is controversial.

Case Description:
A 13-year-old male presented with the sudden onset of a headache, vomiting, and fever. Inflammatory markers were elevated, and the blood culture was positive for Streptococcus viridans. When the computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed a ruptured mycotic aneurysm accompanied by multiple small unruptured aneurysms, he was started on antibiotics and underwent an urgent craniotomy. Despite negative blood cultures, the follow-up CTA showed further enlargement of the previously diagnosed aneurysms and a new right frontal aneurysm. The second and third craniotomies were, respectively, performed to resect the additional aneurysms. Pathologically, both aneurysmal walls were markedly inflamed and attenuated, suggesting the imminent risk of aneurysmal rupture. Following the total of three craniotomies, the patient had an uneventful postoperative course. Within 2 weeks, he regained baseline neurological function.

Conclusion:
Mycotic aneurysms in children may follow a very malignant course. Aneurysms may grow, new ones may form, and repeated CTAs are required to direct further follow-up treatment.
Progressive dysphagia and dysphonia secondary to DISH-related anterior cervical osteophytes: A case report
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Shahi Prem Bahadur , Adsul Nitin , Acharya Shankar , Kalra K. L. , Chahal R. S. 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Dysphagia due to diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)-related anterior cervical osteophytes is not uncommon. However, this rarely leads to dysphonia and/or dysphagia along with life- threatening airway obstruction requiring emergency tracheotomy.

Case Description:
A 56-year-old male presented with progressive dysphagia and dysphonia secondary to DISH-related anterior osteophytes at the C3–C4 and C4–C5 levels. The barium swallow, X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography scans confirmed the presence of DISH. Utilizing an anterior cervical approach, a large beak-like osteophyte was successfully removed, while preserving the anterior annulus. After clinic-radiological improvement, the patient was discharged with a soft cervical collar and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).

Conclusion:
Large anterior osteophytes in Forestier disease/DISH may cause dysphagia and dysphonia. Direct anterior resection of these lesions yields excellent results as long as other etiologies for such symptoms have been ruled out.
Laminectomy versus open-door laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: A clinical outcome analysis
Authors: Dobran Mauro , Mancini Fabrizio , Paracino Riccardo , Lattanzi Simona , Somma Lucia di , Nasi Davide , Bizzocchi Gianluca , Aiudi Denis , Iacoangeli Maurizio 
Published: April 2020

Background:Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is one of the most common diseases in the geriatric population. Decompressive laminectomy or laminoplasty is the predominant surgical procedure of choice, but there remains debate as to which procedure is optimal for managing CSM.Methods:Here, we retrospectively analyzed 64 patients with CSM undergoing laminectomy (39 patients) versus laminoplasty (25 patients). The data were collected included respective Japanese orthopedic association (JOA) scores, Nurick grades, and Visual analog scale (VAS) values preoperatively versus 12 months postoperatively.Results:The JOA score after 1 month improved in both groups utilizing laminectomy or laminoplasty. However, at 12 postoperative months, the JOA scores and Nurick grades showed greater improvement following laminoplasty, despite no differences in postoperative pain and complication rates.Conclusion:Patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy undergoing laminoplasty (25 patients) showed better 12-month postoperative outcomes (JOA scores and Nurick grades) versus those having laminectomies (39 patients).
Cartillas de alfabetización en tiempos de guerra, España (1937) y México (1944)
Authors: Escalante Fernández Carlos 
Published: April 2020

Resumen
En la mayoría de los países de Iberoamérica en la primera mitad del siglo XX, el analfabetismo seguía siendo un problema social y educativo que involucraba a millones de hombres y mujeres adultos en la región. Ante esta situación, se implementaron amplias campañas de alfabetización, con la elaboración de materiales didácticos pensados en los adultos analfabetos. En el artículo se examinan dos cartillas diseñadas en contextos bélicos: la Cartilla Nacional Antifascista de la Republica Española y la Cartilla Nacional de 1944 de México.
Monoclonal Antibodies in Oncology and their Effect on Arterial Stiffness — A Systematic Review
Authors: Solomou Eirini , Aznaouridis Konstantinos , Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Drakopoulou Maria , Toutouzas Konstantinos , Tousoulis Dimitris , Vlachopoulos Charalambos 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Malignancies are the second leading cause of death worldwide. Treatment Monoclonal Antibody (MAbs)-based treatment of cancer has been established as one of the most successful therapeutic strategies in the last 20 years; however, there is a growing concern about the effects of these agents on patients’ cardiovascular profile.

Areas Covered
In this manuscript we summarize current evidence regarding MAb effects on arterial stiffness, which is an recognised biomarker of cardiovascular risk. For this purpose, we explored two bibliographic databases [PubMed, Scopus] and one full-text database (Google-Scholar) for all publications published on MAbs’ effects on arterial stiffness until December 2019. Only few of the monoclonal antibody agents used in oncology have been investigated as per their effects on arterial properties and this limited evidence suggests that cancer therapy with monoclonal antibodies demonstrates either a temporary or long-term increase in arterial stiffness.

Discussion
It seems that by targeting ‘checkpoints’ in cancer genesis, anticancer MAbs also affects vascular properties causing endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Furthermore, several MAbs cause hypertension and may as a result increase pulse wave velocity. On the other hand, MAbs that target inflammatory cytokines seem to improve cardiovascular survival however, their effect on arterial stiffness is yet to be investigated. Further research is warranted in order to elucidate the biochemical pathways, clinical implications and potential reversibility of monoclonal antibody chemotherapy-induced vascular dysfunction.