bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of a Novel Tibial Sighting Device Combined with Intramedullary Femoral Localisation on the Rotational Alignment of the Tibial Component for Oxford Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chen Linjian , Liu Xiang , Li Chaohui , Luo Zhen , Chen Qiyuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background：The success of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) depends on perfect prosthesis component alignment. However, it is difficult to identify the anteroposterior axis and implant components in the correct rotational position in a narrow operating field in a UKA. Thus, we invented a novel tibial sighting device and explored whether combining it with intramedullary femoral localisation could be feasible on the rotational alignment of the tibial component for the Oxford UKA.Methods: Twenty consecutive knees were treated with UKA using a novel tibial sighting device combined with intramedullary femoral localisation. An equal number of patients who underwent UKA with the conventional technique were matched to the control group. Radiographic accuracy was evaluated based on the implant position in the tibial CT transverse sections. The α angles were measured between the tibial component line and the vertical line of TEA', which was projected to the trans-epicondylar axis (TEA).Results: The absolute value of the test group’s α angle was significantly smaller than the respective values of the control group (P=0.006). The ratio of △α > 3° in the test group was also significantly smaller than that of the control group (P=0.048).Conclusion: The novel tibial sighting device combined with intramedullary femoral localisation provided the surgeon a better surgical view in sagittal tibial osteotomy and improved the accuracy of tibial implant alignment in UKA. This method makes the vertical osteotomy of the tibial platform simpler, more precise and highly repeatable.
Meta-analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neuron-specific Enolase Levels in Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Dementia With Lewy Bodies, and Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Katayama Takayuki , Sawada Jun , Takahashi Kae , Yahara Osamu , Hasebe Naoyuki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the usefulness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels as a candidate biomarker of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), PD with dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA).Methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar to find studies that investigated the CSF levels of NSE in AD, PD, DLB, and/or MSA. For each disease, we pooled all available data and performed a meta-analysis, and meta-regression analyses of age and sex were conducted when significant in the main analysis.Results: Twenty studies were included (13 for AD, 8 for PD/PDD/DLB, and 4 for MSA). Significantly elevated CSF NSE levels were detected in AD (Hedges’ g = 0.822, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.332 to 1.311, p = 0.0010), but the data exhibited high heterogeneity (I2 = 88.43%, p<0.001). The meta-regression analysis of AD showed that age (p<0.001), but not sex, had a significant effect on NSE. A meta-analysis of all the pooled data for PD/PDD/DLB did not show any significant changes in the CSF NSE level, but a sub-group analysis of PDD/DLB revealed significantly elevated CSF NSE levels (Hedges’ g = 0.507, 95%CI: 0.020 to 0.993, p = 0.0412). No significant changes in CSF NSE levels were detected in MSA.Conclusions: This study provided evidence about the usefulness of CSF NSE levels as a biomarker in AD and PDD/DLB, and age was found to affect the CSF NSE levels of AD patients.
Genome-wide assessment characteristics of genes overlapping copy number variation regions in Duroc purebred population
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Guo Yuanyuan , Wang Tao , Zhang Chaoxin , Liu Shengwei , Zhang Bing , Li Xue , Yang Li'ang , Zhu Qiusi , Wang Wenwen , Zhang Qin , Wang Xibiao , Meng Qingli 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Copy number variations (CNVs) are important structural variations that can cause significant phenotypic diversity. Reliable CNVs mapping can be achieved by identification of CNVs from different genetic backgrounds. Investigations on the characteristics of overlapping CNV regions (CNVRs) between protein-coding genes (CNV genes) and miRNAs (CNV-miRNAs) can reveal the potential mechanisms of their regulation. Results: In this study, we used 55K SNP arrays to detect CNVs in Duroc purebred pig. A total number of 211 CNVRs were detected with a total length of 118.48 Mb, accounting for 5.23% of the autosomal genome sequence. Of these CNVRs, 32 were gains, 175 losses, and 4 contained both types (loss and gain within the same region). The CNVRs we detected were non-randomly distributed in the swine genome and were significantly enriched in the segmental duplication and gene density region. Additionally, these CNVRs were overlapping with 1096 protein-coding genes, and 39 miRNAs, respectively. The CNV genes were enriched in terms of dosage-sensitive gene list. The expression of the CNV genes was significantly higher than that of the non-CNV genes in the adult Duroc liver and prostate. Of all detected CNV genes, 252 genes, which accounted for 22.99%, were tissue-specific (TSI > 0.9). Strong negative selection had been underway in the CNV genes as the ones that were located entirely within the loss CNVRs appeared to be evolving rapidly as determined by the median dN plus dS values. Non-CNV genes tended to be miRNA target than CNV genes. Furthermore, CNV-miRNAs tended to target more genes compared to non-CNV-miRNAs, and a combination of two CNV-miRNAs preferentially synergistically regulated the same target genes. We also focused our efforts on examining CNV genes and CNV-miRNAs, which were also involved in the lipid metabolism, including DGAT1, DGAT2, MOGAT2, miR143, miR335, and miRLET7. Conclusions: Our analyses of CNV-genes and CNV-miRNAs provide new insights into the characteristics of CNVRs in Duroc purebred population. Further molecular experiments and independent large studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Myxozoan Minicollagen Gene Repertoire Is Not Simplified By The Parasitic Lifestyle: Computational Identification Of Novel Myxozoan Minicollagen Gene&nbsp;
Authors: Kyslík Jiří , Kosakyan Anush , Nenarokov Serafim , Holzer Astrid S. , Fiala Ivan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLineage-specific gene expansions represent one of the driving forces in the evolutionary dynamics of unique phylum traits. The obligate parasitic group of Cnidaria, Myxozoa, are evolutionarily altered and highly reduced organisms with a simple body plan including cnidarian-specific organelles, polar capsules (a type of nematocyst). A prominent constituent of nematocysts, linking Myxozoa and Cnidaria, represents a group of structural proteins, minicollagens. Despite recent advances in the identification of minicollagens in Myxozoa, the evolutionary history and diversity of minicollagens in Myxozoa and Cnidaria remain elusive. ResultsWe present newly generated transcriptomes of two myxozoan species with a novel pipeline for filtering of closely related contaminant species in RNA-seq data. Mining of the set of our transcriptomes and published -omics data confirmed the existence of myxozoan Ncol-4, once only reported, and we discovered a novel non-canonical type of minicollagen, Ncol-5, which is exclusive to Myxozoa. Phylogenetic analyses support a close relationship of myxozoan Ncol-1,2,3 with minicollagens of Polypodium hydriforme, however, suggest rather independent evolution in the case of two myxozoan minicollagens Ncol-4 and Ncol-5. Additional genome- and transcriptome-wide searches of cnidarian minicollagens expand the dataset to clarify better minicollagen evolutionary trajectories. ConclusionsThe development of a new approach for the handling of contaminated next-generation data by closely related species represents a useful tool for future applications not only in the field of myxozoan research. This pipeline of data processing allowed us to expand the dataset and study the evolution and diversity of minicollagen gene family in Myxozoa and Cnidaria. We identified a novel type of minicollagen in Myxozoa (Ncol-5). We suggest that a high number of minicollagen paralogs in some cnidarians is a result of several recent large gene multiplication events. We revealed a close localization of minicollagens Ncol-1 and Ncol-4 in myxozoan genomes suggesting their common evolutionary history. The unique gene structure of myxozoan Ncol-5 may indicate a putative specific function in the myxozoan polar capsule or tubule. The range of myxozoan minicollagens proves that the myxozoan minicollagen gene repertoire is similar to other cnidarians and is not simplified by the parasitic lifestyle.
Primary Solitary Mastocytoma of the Lung: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Hongyu , Xia Yan , Jiang Huifeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Extracutaneous mastocytoma is really rare. Although only four cases of extracutaneous mastocytoma in lung have been reported in the literature to date, the cellular composition of mast cell tumors has not yet been confirmed. Here we report a new case of primary solitary mastocytoma and try to discuss its cellular composition.
Case report:

A 46-year-old woman, who has been having bronchial asthma for 3 years, had been found a nodules in the left lower lobe of lung by computed tomography (CT) scan because of chest pain, distress, and pain in the left thoracic region of the back for 10 days. Then the left inferior pulmonectomy and lymphadenectomy were performed. We confirmed the presence of mast cells in the resected tumor by immunohistology (i.e., strong CD117 and CD45 staining and positivity for tryptase) and toluidine blue staining. Additionally, our findings suggested that solitary mast cell tumors was consisted of mature mast cells and immature mast cells with features of epithelial cells. A diagnosis of solitary mastocytoma of the lung was suggested. By now, the patient’s overall health was normal. No signs of recurrence was found. Symptoms of bronchial asthma were significantly alleviated as well.
Conclusion

Solitary mastocytoma of the lung is rare, but operative and relative drug therapy can release symptoms effectively. Solitary mastocytoma may be consisted of mature mast cells and immature mast cells. But the reason why the tumor exhibited epithelial immunophenotype still needs further study.
A Microbial Ecosystem: Agricultural Jiaosu Achieves Effective and Lasting Antifungal Activity against Botrytis Cinerea
Authors: Zhang Yue , Gao Youhui , Zheng Zehui , Meng Xingyao , Cai Yafan , Liu Jianbin , Hu Yuegao , Yan Shuangdui , Wang Xiaofen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Synthetic fungicides are eco-unfriendly to agriculture and the environment. Agricultural Jiaosu (AJ), which originates from organic wastes, has the potential to be a substitute for synthetic fungicides. In this study, the characteristics of AJ and its antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea were investigated for the first time. AJ was rich in lactic acid (4.46 g/L), acetic acid (1.52 g/L), Lactobacillus (72.45 %) and Acetobacter (15.23%), which was a microbial ecosystem consisting of acid-based substances (AS) and beneficial microorganisms (BM). The results of the antifungal assays suggested that B. cinerea was effectively inhibited by AJ, with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 9.24%. AJ showed the strongest and most-lasting inhibitory effect compared to cell-free supernatant and microbial solution of AJ, indicating that AS and BM and their synergistic effect contributed to the antifungal activity of AJ. Two-step inhibition’ is an antifungal mode of AJ. Firstly, AS not only inhibited the pathogen directly but also provided a dominant niche for BM of AJ. Then, BM in AJ, especially Acetobacter, proliferated and metabolized acetic acid continuously. Thus, AJ achieved high-efficiency and long-acting inhibition. AJ is a promising biological agent considering its features of an eco-friendly, low-cost and easy-to-operate biological agent in rural areas
A Genetic Variant of BTLA Gene is Related with Increased Risk and Clinical Manifestations of Breast Cancer in Chinese Women
Authors: Zhao Rui-Peng , Li Zhi , Li Chang , Xu Kang , Zhen Lin-Lin , Song Wei , Shi Jianhua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), an immunoinhibitory receptor, is shown to suppress the lymphocyte activation. Several studies addressed the relationship between BTLA rs1982809 polymorphism and cancer's risk. Methods: To identify the effects of this polymorphism on the risk of breast cancer (BC), this study was designed in Chinese women from China, Jiangsu Province. This study involved 324 BC patients and 412 controls.Results: We observed that BTLA rs1982809 polymorphism elevated the risk of BC. Similar finding was also shown in the subgroup of premenopausal women and those aged < 55 years old. In addition, this polymorphism correlated with the estrogen receptor (ER) status, C-erbB-2 status, Ki-67 status, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and tumor size of BC patients. Conclusions: Collectively, BTLA rs1982809 polymorphism shows a significant association with elevated risk and clinical features of BC in Chinese women. Further studies involving other races are urgently needed to replicate these findings.
Analysis of influencing factors of viral load in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus
Authors: Lu Xuerong , Wang Tiantian , Zhang Youzhong , Liu Yuzhen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) load is thought to be influenced by many factors, and the relationship between viral load and the degree of cervical lesion is controversial. This study explored the possible influencing factors of HR-HPV viral load in the uterine cervix. Methods: A total of 605 women who needed colposcopic evaluation for abnormal cervical screening at the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China, between November 2017 and September 2018 were enrolled. Cervical specimens were collected from the endo- and ectocervix separately using two different cervical brushes. The hybrid capture II test was used to measure HR-HPV load. Age, histological severity, number of viral types, and area and location of cervical lesions were recorded. The correlations between viral load and influencing factors were analysed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: HR-HPV load was positively correlated with age, histological severity, multiple HPV types and area of cervical lesions (P<0.05). Viral load with the combination of endo- and ectocervical sampling was significantly higher than simple endocervical sampling (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age, multiple HPV types and area of cervical lesions were independent factors for HR-HPV load with a combination of endo- and ectocervical sampling (P<0.05). However, only age and area of cervical lesions were independent factors for viral load with simple endocervical sampling (P<0.05). No significant association was found between viral load and lesion severity in multivariate analysis (P>0.05). Conclusion: HR-HPV load is influenced by age, histological severity, multiple viral types, area of cervical lesion and sampling methods. Age and area of cervical lesions are independent factors for viral load.
Assessment of Alcohol use Disorder and its Associated Factors among Alcohol users of Medical and Surgical Outpatients Attending a Specialized Hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Demilew Demeke , Boru Berhanu , Tesfaw Getachew , Kerebih Habtamu , Salelew Endalamaw 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Alcohol use disorders increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorders and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients for future interventions. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured using AOR at a 95% confidence interval.Results: The prevalence of alcohol use and use disorder were 322 (68.50%) and 111 (34.5%), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, male sex (AOR=3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR=5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were significantly associated with the disorders. Conclusion: The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol for relaxation and tobacco smoking need more attention in the assessment of the outpatient departments.
SARS-CoV-2: High-resolution microscopy study in human nasopharyngeal samples
Authors: Mondeja Brian , Valdes Odalys , Resik Sonia , Vizcaino Ananayla , Acosta Emilio , Montalván Adelmo , Paez Amira , Mune Mayra , Rodríguez Roberto , Valdés Juan , Gonzalez Guelsys , Sanchez Daisy , Falcón Viviana , González Yorexis , Kourí Vivian , Group The IPK Virology Research , Díaz Angelina , Guzmán Maria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent of COVID-19. This virus has become one of the most dangerous in recent times with a very high rate of transmission. At present, several publications show the typical crown-shape of the novel coronavirus grown in cell cultures. However, an integral ultramicroscopy study done directly from clinical specimens has not been published. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from two Cuban individuals, one asymptomatic and RT-PCR negative (negative control) and the other from a COVID-19 symptomatic and RT-PCR positive for SARS CoV-2. Samples were treated with an aldehyde solution and processed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Confocal Microscopy (CM) and, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Improvement and segmentation of coronavirus images were performed by a novel mathematical image enhancement algorithm. Results The images of the negative control sample showed the characteristic healthy microvilli morphology at the apical region of the nasal epithelial cells. As expected, they do not display virus-like structures. The images of the positive sample showed characteristic coronavirus-like particles and evident destruction of microvilli. In some regions, virions budding through the cell membrane were observed. Microvilli destruction could explain the anosmia reported by some patients. Virus-particles emerging from the cell-surface with a variable size ranging from 80 to 400 nm were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Viral antigen was identified in the apical cells zone by CM. Conclusions The integral microscopy study showed that SARS-CoV-2 has a similar image to SARS-CoV. The application of several high-resolution microscopy techniques to nasopharyngeal samples awaits future use.
Platelet proteome changes in dogs with congestive heart failure
Authors: LEVENT Pinar , KOCATÜRK Meriç , AKGÜN Emel , SARIL Ahmet , ÇEVİK Ozge , BAYKAL Ahmet Tarik , TANAKA Ryou , CERON Jose Joaquin , YILMAZ Zeki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Platelets play a central role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and changes in their proteins are involved in the pathophysiology of heart diseases in humans. There is lack of knowledge about the possible role of platelets in congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the changes in global platelet proteomes in dogs with CHF, to clarify the possible role of platelets in the physiopathology of this disease. Healthy-dogs (n=10) and dogs with acute CHF due to myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD, n=10) were used. Acute CHF was defined based on the clinical (increased respiratory rate or difficulty breathing) and radiographic findings of pulmonary edema. Dogs Blood samples were collected into tubes with acid-citrate-dextrose, and platelet-pellets were obtained by centrifuge and washing steps. Platelet-proteomes were identified using LC-MS based label-free differential proteome expression analysis method and matched according to protein database for Canis lupus familiaris. Results: Totally 104 different proteins were identified in the platelets of the dogs being 4 out of them were significantly up-regulated and 6 down-regulated in acute CHF dogs. Guanine-nucleotide-binding protein, apolipoproteins (A-II and C-III) and clusterin levels increased, but CXC-motif-chemokine-10, cytochrome-C-oxidase-subunit-2, cathepsin-D, serine/threonine-protein-phosphatase-PP1-gamma-catalytic-subunit, creatine-kinase-B-type and myotrophin levels decreased in acute CHF dogs. These proteins are associated with several molecular functions, biological processes, signaling systems and immune-inflammatory responses.Conclusion: This study describes by first time the changes in the protein composition in platelets of dogs with acute CHF due to MMVD. Our findings provide a resource for increase the knowledge about the proteome of canine platelets and their roles in CHF caused by MMVD and could be a tool for further investigations about the prevention and treatment of this disease.
Effects of Tocilizumab in COVID-19 patients: a cohort study
Authors: Vu Christine , Deronde Kailynn J , Vega Ana D , Holt Gregory , Zamora Jose Gonzales , Natori Yoichiro , Maxam Meshell , Salazar Veronica , Boatwright Renata , Morris Stephen R , Corvino Daniela de Lima , Betances Anmary Fernandez , Colucci Leah , keegan James , Lopez Andy , Rezk Andrew Hany , Rodriguez Yvette , Doblecki Susanne , Zerda David De La , Abbo Lilian M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to the lack of proven therapies, we evaluated the effects of early administration of tocilizumab for COVID-19. By inhibition of the IL-6 receptor, tocilizumab may help to mitigate the hyperinflammatory response associated with progressive respiratory failure from SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted on hospitalized adults who received intravenous tocilizumab for COVID-19 between March 23, 2020 and April 10, 2020. Results: Most patients were male (66.7%), Hispanic (63.3%) or Black (23.3%), with a median age of 54 years. Tocilizumab was administered at a median of 8 days (range 1-21) after initial symptoms and 2 days (range 0-12) after hospital admission. On the day of administration, the median PaO2/FiO2 was 166 (range 33-523) and 50 patients (83.3%) had ARDS. By day 30, 36 patients (60.0%) demonstrated clinical improvement, 9 (15.0%) died, 33 (55.0%) were discharged alive, and 18 (30.0%) remained hospitalized. Successful extubation occurred in 13 out of 29 patients (44.8%). Infectious complications occurred in 16 patients (26.7%) at a median of 10.5 days. After receipt of tocilizumab, there was a slight increase in PaO2/FiO2 and an initial reduction in CRP, but this effect was not sustained beyond day 10. Conclusions: Majority of patients demonstrated clinical improvement and were successfully discharged from the hospital alive after receiving tocilizumab. We observed a rebound effect with CRP, which may suggest the need for higher or subsequent doses to adequately manage cytokine storm. Based on our findings, we believe that tocilizumab may have a role in the treatment of COVID-19, however randomized controlled studies are urgently needed.