bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refeeding syndrome: multimodal monitoring and clinical manifestation of an internal severe neurotrauma
Authors: Sundström Nina , Brorsson Camilla , Karlsson Marcus , Wiklund Urban , Koskinen Lars-Owe D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRefeeding syndrome (RFS) is a rare, potentially life-threatening, condition seen in malnourished patients starting refeeding. RFS may provoke seizures and acute encephalopathy and can be considered an internal severe neurotrauma in need of specific treatment. The objective was to describe course of disease, treatment and, for the first time, multimodal monitoring output in a comatose patient suffering RFS. After gastric-banding and severe weight loss, the patient initiated self-starving and was transferred to our intensive care unit (ICU) following rapid refeeding. At arrival, seizures, decrease in consciousness (GCS 7) and suspected acute encephalitis was presented. Serum albumin was 8 g/l. Intracranial pressure (ICP), invasive blood pressure and electrocardiography (ECG) were monitored. Pressure reactivity (PRx) and compliance (RAP) were calculated. The patient developed congestive heart failure, anuria and general oedema despite maximal neuro- and general ICU treatment. Global cerebral oedema and hypoperfusion areas with established ischemia were seen. ECG revealed massive cardiac arrhythmia and disturbed autonomic regulation. PRx indicated intact autoregulation (−0.06 ± 0.18, mean ± SD) and relatively normal compliance (RAP = 0.23 ± 0.13). After 15 days the clinical state was improved, and the patient returned to the primary hospital. RFS was associated with serious deviations in homeostasis, high ICP levels, ECG abnormalities, kidney and lung affections. It is of utmost importance to recognize this rare syndrome and to treat appropriately. Despite the severe clinical state, cerebral autoregulation and compensatory reserve were generally normal, questioning the applicability of indirect measurements such as PRx and RAP during neuro-intensive care treatment of RFS patients with cerebral engagement.
Spiders Behaving Badly in the Middle English Physiologus, the Bestiaire Attributed to Pierre de Beauvais and Odo of Cheriton’s Fables
Authors: Cavell Megan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTwo remarkably similar depictions of spiders survive in Middle English and French sources from the middle of the thirteenth century. Both of these vernacular versions of thePhysiologusdeviate so wildly from their sources when it comes to describing these creatures that their editors have declared these passages to be entirely original. And yet, the spiders who survive in the Middle EnglishPhysiologusand the long version of theBestiaireattributed to Pierre de Beauvais perform such similar work that their originality may be called into question. ThePhysiologus’ andBestiaire’s descriptions of spiders’ violent hunting methods were likely informed by the burgeoning of natural history writing that accompanied the recovery of Aristotle’sHistory of Animals, but for these texts’ allegorical interpretations I argue that we should look to Odo of Cheriton’s Latin fables from earlier in the thirteenth century. There is an explicit link between Odo’s fables and the Middle EnglishPhysiologusand implicit connections with the FrenchBestiaire. Together, these analogues demonstrate a small but coherent tradition of emphasizing the diabolical violence of spiders in the multilingual environment of thirteenth-century England and France.
Students’ Conceptual Sense-making of Animations and Static Visualizations of Protein Synthesis: a Sociocultural Hypothesis Explaining why Animations May Be Beneficial for Student Learning
Authors: Strømme Torunn Aa. , Mork Sonja M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper analyses students’ conceptual sense-making of two representations of protein synthesis: animations and static visualizations. Even though several studies have focused on the effect of animations versus static visualizations or support aspects that enable students to effectively benefit from animations, existing research has not yet analysed the activity of students’ shared conceptual sense-making of these two modes of representation. Grounded in sociocultural perspectives, this study addresses this gap by investigating two classes of 10th graders working in the computer-supported Viten learning environment. One class worked on a unit containing animations, and the other on a unit where animations were replaced by static visualizations. Pre- and post-tests were administered to measure possible differences between the classes in their knowledge acquisition. Aiming to explain the quantitative findings, we performed an interaction analysis to scrutinize the interaction trajectory of two dyads, one from each condition, while working on an animation and static visualization of protein synthesis both in class and in conceptual interviews.Our pre- and post-test findings demonstrate that students in the animated condition outperformed students in the static condition. The analysis of a dyad’s interaction indicates that students’ conceptual understanding develops at the juncture of segmentation of animation and text and students’ collaborative conceptual sense-making. We argue that interacting with animations and static visualizations are two different interactional processes, and based on our theoretical grounding, we hypothesise that this difference explains the different learning outcomes in the two conditions.By taking a sociocultural approach, the study provides a deeper understanding of the very activity in settings in which students are introduced to the scientific concepts embedded in animations versus static visualizations. Cognitive theories explaining students’ learning from these two modes of representations dominate the research field. The current study contributes to the field by launching a hypothesis of why animations may be superior to static visualizations in supporting students’ development of conceptual understanding in science. We introduce the collaborative link-making hypothesis, which builds on the conceptualisation of pedagogical link-making introduced by well-known researchers in the field of science education.
Thriving Under Uncertainty: The Effect of Achievement Goal Orientation on Job Insecurity and Flourishing
Authors: van Dam Arjan , Noordzij Gera , Born Marise 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFlourishing, a construct encompassing optimal human functioning, is an indicator of well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of employees’ achievement goal orientation (mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach and performance-avoidance goal orientation) on flourishing, through the appraisal of quantitative (concerns about continued existence of the job) and qualitative (concerns about continued existence of important job features) job insecurity. Data were collected from 275 employees in an organization on the brink of a substantive downsizing. The results of structural equation modelling showed that mastery approach and—avoidance goal orientation positively predicted flourishing. Furthermore, flourishing was negatively predicted by qualitative job insecurity but not by quantitative job insecurity. Qualitative job insecurity mediated the effects of mastery- and performance-approach goal orientation on flourishing but the effects were not significant. Hence, in an environment with a substantial threat of job loss, a mastery goal orientation contributed directly to flourishing. Our results plead for more attention for the effects of achievement goal orientation and qualitative job insecurity on flourishing under uncertainty.
Complementarities in CSO Collaborations: How Working with Diversity Produces Advantages
Authors: van Wessel Margit , Naz Farhat , Sahoo Sarbeswar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA commonly explored theme in international civil society organisation (CSO) collaborations is the dominance of Northern CSOs and how this impinges on Southern CSOs’ autonomy, but there is little work on the relative importance of different collaborations for Southern CSOs. This study examined complementarity as a new approach to understanding CSO collaboration. Seeking Southern perspectives, we examined the case of CSOs working on disaster risk reduction in India and developed a typology of complementarities in this domain. The article considers the implications for understanding complementarity in broader CSO collaborations. We find that constructing collaborations through the lens of complementarity may facilitate capitalising on diversity among CSOs and help build collaborations that consider the domestic orientation of many Southern CSOs and reshape the roles of Northern CSOs as complementary rather than leading.
A Systematic Evaluation of Interneuron Morphology Representations for Cell Type Discrimination
Authors: Laturnus Sophie , Kobak Dmitry , Berens Philipp 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQuantitative analysis of neuronal morphologies usually begins with choosing a particular feature representation in order to make individual morphologies amenable to standard statistics tools and machine learning algorithms. Many different feature representations have been suggested in the literature, ranging from density maps to intersection profiles, but they have never been compared side by side. Here we performed a systematic comparison of various representations, measuring how well they were able to capture the difference between known morphological cell types. For our benchmarking effort, we used several curated data sets consisting of mouse retinal bipolar cells and cortical inhibitory neurons. We found that the best performing feature representations were two-dimensional density maps, two-dimensional persistence images and morphometric statistics, which continued to perform well even when neurons were only partially traced. Combining these feature representations together led to further performance increases suggesting that they captured non-redundant information. The same representations performed well in an unsupervised setting, implying that they can be suitable for dimensionality reduction or clustering.
Relationship between emotional intelligence, personality, and self-perceived individual work performance: A cross-sectional study on the Swedish version of TEIQue-SF
Authors: Hjalmarsson Annica K. V. , Dåderman Anna M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPeople with high emotional intelligence (EI) understand themselves and others well, and perform well at work.Trait EIhas been described as “a constellation of emotion-related self-perceptions and dispositions” (Petrides and Furnham 2006), and can be measured by the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form (TEIQue-SF). The aims were to validate the Swedish version of TEIQue-SF by (1) investigating its internal consistency; (2) exploring its relationships with “Big Six” and “Dark Triad” personality traits as well as with self-perceived individual work performance; and (3) identifying which personality traits best explain variations in Trait EI, and whether this trait can predict variations in work performance over and above personality traits. Multi-occupational employees in Sweden (N = 228;M = 34 years,SD = 12.6, range 16–71 years, 66% women) with an average work experience of 14 years (SD = 11.5) were surveyed. In line with past research, internal consistency of TEIQue-SF was good, for the global Trait EI scale score (.86), and for one of its subdimensions (Well-Being) (.81). Global trait EI scale score and its subscales correlated negatively with Neuroticism and Machiavellianism, and positively with Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience, and Narcissism. Sociability and Self-Control had, however, almost zero correlations with Machiavellianism. All subscales of global trait EI scale score correlated positively with Task Performance and Contextual Performance. On separate regression analyses, Big Six traits explained 48%, and Narcissism 14%, of the variation in global trait EI scale score. Trait EI accounted for a significantly larger proportion of the variation in Contextual Performance than any of the Big Six traits, and an additional 6% of the variation in Task Performance when controlling for gender, age, Neuroticism and Conscientiousness. The Swedish version of TEIQue-SF has good reliability as a global trait EI scale, reasonably theoretically and empirically grounded relationships with relevant variables for the workplace, and incremental validity over and above Big Six traits in predicting work performance in younger people with relatively high educational levels. Its reliability on the subscale level and its item functioning need to be further investigated in more heterogeneous samples.
In search of a digital nomad: defining the phenomenon
Authors: Hannonen Olga 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper defines the rapidly emerging mobile lifestyle of digital nomads, who work while traveling and travel while working. Digital nomadism is driven by important societal changes, such as the ubiquity of mobility and technology in everyday lives and increasingly flexible and precarious employment. Despite the growing prevalence of this lifestyle, there is a lack of common understanding of and holistic perspective on the phenomenon. The emerging literature on digital nomadism is fragmented and scattered through different disciplines and perspectives. This paper looks into digital nomadism against the array of contemporary lifestyle-led mobilities and location independent work to develop a comprehensive perspective of the phenomenon. The paper also suggests a conceptual framing of digital nomadism within lifestyle mobilities. A limited number of empirical studies on digital nomads narrows the scope of analytical discussion in this paper. Thus, the paper defines aspects and directions for further conceptualization of the phenomenon.
Changing Degree of Convective Organization as a Mechanism for Dynamic Changes in Extreme Precipitation
Authors: Pendergrass Angeline G. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
What does recent work say about how changes in convective organization could lead to changes in extreme precipitation?

Recent Findings
Changing convective organization is one mechanism that could explain variation in extreme precipitation increase through dynamics. In models, the effects of convective self-aggregation on extreme precipitation are sensitive to parameterization, among other factors. In both models and observations, whether or not convective organization influences extreme precipitation is sensitive to the time and space scales analyzed, affecting extreme precipitation on some scales but not others. While trends in observations in convective organization associated with mean precipitation have been identified, it has not yet been established whether these trends are robust or relevant for events associated with extreme precipitation.

Summary
Recent work has documented a somewhat view of how changes in convective organization could affect extreme precipitation with warming, and it remains unclear whether or not they do.
Kriterien naturwissenschaftsdidaktischer Unterrichtsqualität – ein systematisches Review videobasierter Unterrichtsforschung
Authors: Heinitz Benjamin , Nehring Andreas 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungIm Kontext des Themenheftes „Die Verortung von Merkmalen der Unterrichtsqualität zwischen Generik und Fachspezifik“ bestehen die Ziele des vorliegenden Beitrags darin, einen systematischen Überblick über die in quantitativen, naturwissenschaftsdidaktischen Videostudien angewendeten Kriterien zur Konzeptualisierung und Messung von Unterrichtsqualität zu geben und inhaltliche Beziehungen zu generisch konzeptualisierten und formulierten Kriterien der allgemeinen Unterrichtsforschung herzustellen und zu reflektieren. Im Rahmen eines systematischen Reviews wurden dazu die Kriterien, Operationalisierungen und Beobachtungsitems von 28 Videostudien analysiert, ordnend zusammengefasst und in Beziehung zu einem generisch orientierten Syntheseframework zur Unterrichtsqualität gesetzt, das drei Ebenen unterschiedlicher Auflösungsgrade umfasst. Es wurde ein Kodierverfahren umgesetzt, das wiederum zwischen drei Graden der Übereinstimmung differenziert. Die Objektivität der Kodierungen wurde mit einer Doppelkodierung abgesichert (0,66 < κ < 0,78). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass aus naturwissenschaftsdidaktischen Videostudien insgesamt 388 Kriterien extrahiert und in Beziehung zum Syntheseframework gesetzt werden konnten. Insgesamt lässt sich, auf der allgemeinsten Ebene des Frameworks, ein hoher Grad an Überschneidungen zwischen naturwissenschaftsdidaktischen und eher generisch formulierten Perspektiven herstellen. Auf detaillierteren Ebenen zeigt sich, dass zahlreiche Kriterien spezifisch operationalisiert und in Form von „fachspezifischen Perspektivierungen“ dem Framework zugeordnet werden können. Auf dieser Grundlage präsentiert der Beitrag eine Systematisierung generischer und naturwissenschaftsdidaktischer Perspektiven auf Unterrichtsqualität. In der Diskussion wird aufgezeigt, dass diese Systematisierung disziplinenübergreifende Kommunikation ermöglicht und neue Impulse für die weitere naturwissenschaftsdidaktische Unterrichtsqualitätsforschung setzt.
A medoid-based weighting scheme for nearest-neighbor decision rule toward effective text categorization
Authors: Mukherjee Avideep , Basu Tanmay 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe k-nearest-neighbor (kNN) decision rule is a simple and robust classifier for text categorization. The performance of kNN decision rule depends heavily upon the value of the neighborhood parameter k. The method categorize a test document even if the difference between the number of members of two competing categories is one. Hence, choice of k is crucial as different values of k can change the result of text categorization. Moreover, text categorization is a challenging task as the text data are generally sparse and high dimensional. Note that, assigning a document to a predefined category for an arbitrary value of k may not be accurate when there is no bound on the margin of majority voting. A method is thus proposed in spirit of the nearest-neighbor decision rule using a medoid-based weighting scheme to deal with these issues. The method puts more weightage on the training documents that are not only lie close to the test document but also lie close to the medoid of its corresponding category in decision making, unlike the standard nearest-neighbor algorithms that stress on the documents that are just close to the test document. The aim of the proposed classifier is to enrich the quality of decision making. The empirical results show that the proposed method performs better than different standard nearest-neighbor decision rules and support vector machine classifier using various well-known text collections in terms of macro- and micro-averaged f-measure.
Reduction and Mechanism
Authors: Rosenberg Alex 
Published: May 2020

Reductionism is a widely endorsed methodology among biologists, a metaphysical theory advanced to vindicate the biologist's methodology, and an epistemic thesis those opposed to reductionism have been eager to refute. While the methodology has gone from strength to strength in its history of achievements, the metaphysical thesis grounding it remained controversial despite its significant changes over the last 75 years of the philosophy of science. Meanwhile, antireductionism about biology, and especially Darwinian natural selection, became orthodoxy in philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, and philosophy of biology.
This Element expounds the debate about reductionism in biology, from the work of the post-positivists to the end of the century debates about supervenience, multiple realizability, and explanatory exclusion. It shows how the more widely accepted 21st century doctrine of “mechanism”—reductionism with a human face—inherits both the strengths and the challenges of the view it has largely supplanted.
Ischemic Monomelic Neuropathy: The Case for Reintroducing a Little-Known Term
Authors: Winston Paul , Bakker Dannika 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT:Ischemic monomelic neuropathy (IMN) is a little-known, painful axonal neuropathy, secondary to vascular occlusion or steal phenomenon. It typically occurs after vascular bypass, hemodialysis fistulization, or diabetic microvascular disease in the absence of significant clinical features of ischemia. There is limited literature to assist in the characterization and diagnosis of this condition. We describe three patients with IMN with no surgical or peripheral vascular disease history who exhibited spontaneous, persistent foot pain, edema numbness, and weakness with denervation on needle electromyogram in a distal lower leg peripheral nerve distribution. Occlusive disease was found in all patients on angiogram, requiring vascular bypass surgery.
Building a Public-Private Partnership to Enhance Laboratory Preparedness and Response in the United States
Authors: Salerno Reynolds M. , Chaitram Jasmine , Andreadis Joanne D. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTThe public health community has recognized that it cannot handle responses to all possible public health emergencies on its own. The public health sector has deep scientific expertise and excels at initial identification, complex characterization, and test development. The private sector has many resources and capabilities that can complement and augment the public health response. This is especially true in the clinical laboratory sector. Many commercial laboratories are designed for high-volume, high-throughput diagnostic testing in a way that public health laboratories are not. Significant steps have been taken since 2017 to improve the communication and coordination between public health and the private clinical laboratory community, especially during a response to a public health emergency. This paper describes the strong foundation that has been built for an improved clinical and public health laboratory response to the next public health emergency.
A bound on the rate of convergence in the central limit theorem for renewal processes under second moment conditions
Authors: Reinert G. , Yang C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA famous result in renewal theory is the central limit theorem for renewal processes. Since, in applications, usually only observations from a finite time interval are available, a bound on the Kolmogorov distance to the normal distribution is desirable. We provide an explicit non-uniform bound for the renewal central limit theorem based on Stein’s method and track the explicit values of the constants. For this bound the inter-arrival time distribution is required to have only a second moment. As an intermediate result of independent interest we obtain explicit bounds in a non-central Berry–Esseen theorem under second moment conditions.