bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Количественные характеристики безопасности программ
Authors: Куликовская А.А. , Доренская Е.А. , Семенов Ю.А. 
Published: December 2024

Качество программ принято характеризовать числом ошибок на 1000 строк кода. Эта характеристика получается в результате регрессионного анализа числа выявленных ошибок в последовательных версиях кода с последующей экстраполяцией в отдаленное будущее. Данная процедура является очень трудоемкой даже для крупных компаний. Проверить достоверность такой оценки для обычных пользователей как правило довольно сложно. Такая проблема возникает из-за недоступности исходных данных. Существуют различные способы оценки числа ошибок в программе, например, модель Шумана, Муса, Ла Падула, Джелинского-Моранды, Шика-Волвертона, модель переходных вероятностей, статистическая модель Миллса, простая интуитивная модель, модель Липова, Коркорэна, Бернулли, Нельсонаи т.д.. Часто приходится иметь дело с программами, в которых формально нет ошибок, при этом их качество на первый взгляд не очевидно. В данной статье предложен новый метод количественной оценки качества программ, написанных на языке Perl. Данный метод позволяет выявить места в программах, где могут быть допущены ошибки. В отличие от существующих алгоритмов данный метод позволяет оценивать качество программы, анализируя стиль написания ее кода. Предлагаемый метод оценки качества применим к любым программам, написанным на алгоритмических языках высокого уровня с открытыми кодами (Python, Perl, PHP и т. д.).В том числе его можно использовать для сравнения качества и выбора программ, решающих одну и ту же задачу.
The program quality is used to be characterized with error number per 1000 code lines. This parameter is calculated by a statistical regressive analysis of error numbers for successive code versions, with a subsequent extrapolation for the future. This procedure is very tedious even for large companies. It is very hard to verify this estimate for common users, as they have no initial data. There are a lot of methods to estimate code error number, e.g., models Shooman, Musa, Bell-LaPadula, Jelinski-Moranda, Schick-Wolverton, Mills, Lipov, Corcoran, Bernoulli simple intuitive software reliability model, Nelson's software reliability. But often we deal with programs that formally have no errors, at the same time their quality is not evident. The method is proposed to estimate quantitatively a code quality for Perl-routines. This method can identify weaknesses in certain program components, where errors are possible. The proposed method is based on programming style analysis. The method is applicable for any programs with open sources (Python, Perl, PHP, etc). The method can be used for quality comparison and choice of the programs solving similar tasks.
«Оговорка о публичном порядке» как механизм защиты интересов государства при трансграничном банкротстве
Authors: Свирин Ю.А. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются некоторые проблемы толкования оговорки о публичном порядке при трансграничном банкротстве. Поскольку конструкция «публичный порядок» в доктрине и практике не нашла единообразного правопонимания, по мнению автора такая гибкость концепции публичного порядка предполагает оставить вопрос о достаточном основании применения оговорки о публичном порядке на рассмотрение суда. Также необходимо дифференцировать материальную и процессуальную сторону оговорки о публичном порядке, поскольку это имеет большое практическое значение при трансграничном банкротстве: последствия применения «процессуального» публичного порядка шире, чем последствия «материального» публичного порядка.
The article discusses some problems of interpretation of the public policy clause in cross-border bankruptcy. Since the construction of “public order” in doctrine and practice has not found a uniform legal understanding, in the author’s opinion, such flexibility of the concept of public order suggests leaving the question of a sufficient basis for applying a public order clause to the court. According to the author, it is also necessary to differentiate the material and procedural aspects of the public order clause, since this is of great practical importance in cross-border bankruptcy, because the consequences of "procedural" public policy are broader than those of "substantive" public policy.
Bankruptcy of the Category of Religion
Authors: Titizano Cecilia , Lloyd Dana 
Published: December 2024

This article takes as its point of departure the 2022 Interim Report of the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief, entitled “Indigenous Peoples and the Right to Freedom of Religion or Belief.” The report recommends “collaborat[ing] with indigenous spiritual leaders and influencers to support conservation efforts and the sustainable development of traditional lands through a human rights-based approach.” We ask what a human-rights-based approach to the conservation and sustainable development of traditional Indigenous lands looks like. More specifically, would such an approach be in line with the worldviews of the Indigenous peoples potentially affected by such conservation or development? We consider these questions both legally and theologically. We acknowledge that the protection of human rights is better than their violation, but we also take seriously critiques of this standard human rights discourse. We argue that case studies such as Oak Flat, Lake Titicaca, and the Klamath River call us away from abstract affirmations of the human right to religious freedom and toward a rights-of-nature framework – even as we consider critiques of this framework as well. Ultimately, both Western legal discourse and Western religious studies discourse reduce Indigenous cosmologies (which are metaphysical systems) into cultural debates, thus erasing the sovereignty of Indigenous lands and peoples. A decolonizing approach therefore requires a rethinking of the sacred.
THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL CONTROLS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF STATE ENTERPRISES IN KENYA
Authors: Ongonge Mercy , Okiro Kennedy , Nyamute Winnie 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: In today's business environment, organizations face various internal and external risks. A robust risk management framework should be implemented to effectively identify, treat, mitigate, and manage such risks. While risk management is understood well in the Kenyan corporate world, the public sector must embrace it fully. This study aims to promote the adoption of Internal controls using the COSO framework by analyzing its effect within the Kenyan context.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The study employed a positivist research philosophy, using objective, measurable data and statistical tools. A longitudinal panel design was adopted

Findings: This study finds that internal controls impact financial performance, amplifying the positive impact of internal controls elements adoption into the management of State enterprises in Kenya.

Research, Practical & Social Implications: Internal Controls was operationalised by adopting the COSO frameworks’ 5 elements of control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication and monitoring activities.

Originality/Value: Based on these results, the study made recommendations for both policy and management practices aimed at enhancing the performance of state enterprises, it extends the knowledge about the relationship between internal controls and financial performance.
How multi-species pollination boosts strawberry yield, quality, and nutritional value
Authors: James Katie , Springate Simon , Harte Steven , Farman Dudley , Colgan Richard , Arnold Sarah 
Published: December 2024

A diverse assemblage of insect visitors can provide functional complementarity within plant pollination due to differences in characteristics such as their physical traits, visitation rate and foraging time of day or year. In a horticultural context, greater functional complementarity may play a crucial role in enhancing fruit yield and quality by improving pollination. We tested whether the identity of the crop pollinators (bumblebee Bombus terrestris and hoverfly Eupeodes corollae) independently and additively influenced commercial strawberry yield, quality, and nutritional parameters such as vitamin C and sugar concentration. Fragaria x ananassa “Malling Champion” plants received pollination treatments of either a) “control”: self-pollination where pollinators were excluded, b) “bee”: bumblebee Bombus terrestris, c) “hoverfly”: Eupeodes corollae, d) “combined”: both B. terrestris and E. corollae. Hoverflies and bumblebees exhibited distinct visitation patterns throughout the day, establishing a functional complementary relationship that enhances pollination success and crop output as well as vitamin C concentrations. Strawberries from plants receiving pollination by bumblebees, or bumblebees and hoverflies combined, had higher yields of higher marketable quality. They also had measurably higher vitamin C content than strawberries from plants pollinated by hoverflies alone, or the control (self-pollinating) plants. This study advances our understanding of niche complementarity and its impact on fruit yield and quality. By elucidating the behavioural and temporal dynamics of pollinators, we provide valuable insights for optimizing pollination strategies in agricultural contexts. Our findings highlight the significance of behavioural factors, such as handling time and number of visits, in determining fruit quality.
Measuring Knee Laxity After Total Knee Arthroplasty using EOS Biplanar X-Ray: A First-step Phantom-based Repeatability Study
Authors: Hickey Matthew , Anglin Carolyn , Masri Bassam , Hodgson Antony J. 
Published: December 2024

Knee joint laxity or instability post total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common reason for patient dissatisfaction, and in some cases, can even result in the need for revision TKA. With the ultimate goal of developing an EOS-based knee joint laxity technique, the objective of this study was therefore to determine how repeatably EOS biplanar X-rays can measure 3D knee joint transforms on a radiographically realistic knee phantom between the femur and tibia in the presence of a TKA implant.To assess repeatability, we first scanned a femoral and a tibial anatomical model (Tactile KneeTM, Tactile Orthopaedics) using a clinical CT scanner and segmented the scans semi-automatically. The fully assembled TKA phantom was then placed within a jig that maintained a fixed and rigid connection between the femur and tibia. This model was then scanned 10 times with the EOS system, with approximately equally spaced perturbations ranging up to ±300 around the superior/inferior axis, applied manually between scans. We then implemented a 2D-3D registration technique to assign Euler coordinate systems to both the femoral and tibial phantoms using JointTrack Auto. This process was completed for both the femoral and tibial TKA phantoms, and coordinate system assignment repeatability was calculated.The mean deviations from the mean for the medial-lateral, anterior-posterior, and superior-inferior translational axes were all submillimetric: 0.6 ± 0.7 mm, 0.4 ± 0.6 mm, and 0.7 ± 0.8 mm, respectively. The mean deviation from the mean around the medial- lateral, anterior-posterior, and superior-inferior rotational axes were all on the order of 1 degree or less: 1.0 ± 1.20, 0.8 ± 1.10, and 1.0 ± 1.20, respectively.
Using automated, unsupervised sensor based evaluation as a complement to PROMs to assess surgery outcomes
Authors: Lebleu Julien , Pauwels Andries , Servaes Ward , Wiersinga Wanne , Bonnechère Bruno 
Published: December 2024

This study explores the use of automated unsupervised evaluations via wearable devices, to assess the success of hip and knee replacements as a complement to traditional PROMs.A comprehensive analysis was conducted on data from 1144 TKA and THA patients utilizing a mobile application, with activity data collected through the Garmin Vivofit 4 wearable device. Key parameters, including daily Peak 6-Minute Consecutive Cadence (P6MC) and daily Peak 1-Minute Cadence (P1M), were computed pre and post surgery and analyzed to assess the efficacy of these metrics in monitoring the recovery progress and the surgery outcomes.Cadence measurements, specifically P6MC and P1M, emerged as robust indicators. These metrics exhibited a superior level of responsiveness compared to traditional step- count measurements and showed good complementarity with PRO’s traditionally used in clinical practices. Moreover, the capture of these parameters being daily, unsupervised, and automated gives the potential of offering more granularity and better compliance than PROMs, providing new insights to assess quality of new surgical techniques. Moreover, the growing ubiquity of smartphones and wearables makes the use of such metrics usable in daily practice.
Impacto da Técnica de Retenção do Fôlego na Dose Cardíaca e Pulmonar em Pacientes Submetidos à Radioterapia da Mama Esquerda
Authors: BRATKOWSKI PEREIRA LEONI ANA CRISTINA , ANDRADE ALVES GEORGIA ADRIANA , XAVIER DA SILVEIRA DOS SANTOS FRANCINE , SBARAINI PATRICIA , DE LIMA GONZAGA ANGELA , BARLETTA DANIELA 
Published: December 2024

O papel do planejamento na radioterapia do câncer de mama esquerda tem como principal objetivo tratar a mama, limitando a dose em órgãos adjacentes a área irradiada, como coração, pulmão e artéria descendente anterior, buscando garantir qualidade de vida da paciente ao minimizar a probabilidade de danos futuros a esses órgãos. Este estudo visa avaliar a redução de dose cardíaca e pulmonar, ao utilizar a técnica de inspiração profunda com retenção de fôlego (DIBH, do inglês deep inspiration breath hold) quando comparado com o tratamento tradicional em respiração livre (RL). Foram coletados os dados dosimétricos de 64 pacientes submetidas a radioterapia da mama esquerda no período de 2021 a 2023. Os casos foram planejados com radioterapia conformacional tridimensional, no sistema de planejamento Eclipse v15.6, com feixe de fótons de um acelerador linear TrueBeam Stx, com campos tangentes. A prescrição foi de hipofracionamento moderado com boost sequencial ou concomitante. Todas as pacientes selecionadas tinham realizado tomografia computadorizada (TC) de planejamento em RL e DIBH, sendo realizado o planejamento em ambas as aquisições de imagens. Os planejamentos foram realizados de modo a não haver diferença significativa na cobertura do alvo em ambas tomografias. A dose média em coração teve, na média, uma redução de 46,13% (±18,06%), enquanto a artéria descendente anterior (ADA) teve, na média, uma redução de 65,86% (±22,21%) na dose média. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas para a dose no pulmão esquerdo.
Psychological characteristics of the microsocial environment as predictors of remission among patients with depressive and anxiety neurotic disorders
Authors: Bocharov V. V. , Shishkova A. M. , Dubinina E. A. , Karavaeva T. A. , Starunskaya D. A. , Chernaya Yu. S. , Saraykin D. M. , Vinnikova A. Yu. 
Published: December 2024

The wide representation among the Russian population of depressive and anxiety disorders, manifested both in the form of independent nosological forms and in the form of comorbid conditions, determines the importance of studying the factors that determine their etiopathogenesis. The patient’ microsocial environment is traditionally considered as a significant predictor, largely determining the course of depressive and anxiety disorders. At the same time, there is a lack of studies revealing the ratio of the psychological content of relatives’ experiences with the severity of symptoms and clinical dynamics of the patient’s condition.The aim of the study was to determine the value of the psychological characteristics of the microsocial environment of patients with depressive and anxiety disorders for predicting the clinical dynamics of their condition during inpatient treatment and in catamnesis (six months after discharge). Based on the investigation of 50 patients (17 men, 33 women, average age 27.81 [SD = 9.96] years) and 50 relatives (16 men, 34 women, average age 48.04 [SD = 11.45] years), it was shown that the nature of the relationship to the disease of a loved one and the perception of family situation by relative are interrelated with indicators reflecting the dynamics of patients’ remission. In particular, emotional support from a loved one contributes to the of the patient’s is improvement at the inpatient treatment phase. And the presence of understandable family rules, orderliness, hierarchical relationships, as well as attention to moral aspects in the family contributes to the stabilizatioin of remission in a delayed perspective.The data obtained indicate the importance of a systematic approach in the psychotherapy of depressive and anxiety disorders, taking into account both the individual psychological characteristics of patients and the characteristics of their microsocial environment.
Travels with Tocqueville Beyond America
Authors: Ragazzoni David 
Published: December 2024

This essay offers a review of Jeremy Jennings's latest monograph, which navigates the waters of Tocqueville’s life and thought through the distinctive prism of travelling. The famous voyage that took him and Gustave de Beaumont to the United States in 1831 and that set the groundwork for the two volumes of his most famous work has in fact overshadowed the multiple journeys that he made throughout his relatively short but intense life. In retrieving and chronicling Tocqueville’s “travels beyond America”, Jennings offers a lively, beautifully written, and incredibly engaging narrative that stimulates both the academic and the non-academic readers, drawing on his life-long familiarity with the primary sources and the secondary literature while also unlocking the door of his historical erudition to the non-specialist public.
Aplikasi Mobile Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Level Stunting Anak dengan Metode Fuzzy Sugeno
Authors: Sutisna Herlan , Farid Adiwisastra Miftah 
Published: December 2024

Perkembangan Aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan (Decision Support Systems, DSS) saat ini terus berlanjut seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi yang begitu pesat. Saat ini beberapa tren dan perkembangan terkini dalam sistem pendukung keputusan melibatkan integrasi teknologi canggih, analisis data yang mendalam, dan penggunaan kecerdasan buatan atau Artificial Intelligence. Ada banyak permasalahan dalam tatanan kehidupan manusia yang bisa dipermudah atau dibantu dengan aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan, salah satunya dalam permasalah stunting. Stunting merupakan suatu kondisi dimana pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan anak terhambat, hal ini biasanya terjadi pada periode pertumbuhan awal kehidupan, biasanya terjadi di 1.000 hari pertama kehidupan. Posyandu adalah tempat yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi dan memonitor stunting pada anak-anak. Namun hal ini tentu dilakukan dengan proses manual dan terkadang bisa dilakukan dengan cara yang kurang tepat, seperti pengukuran tinggi badan menurut usia, dan hal ini dirasa kurang efektif. Peneliti merancang Aplikasi Mobile sistem pendukung keputusan penentuan level kondisi Stunting anak dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Mamdani dalam pengolahan datanya dengan Variabel pertama yaitu Umur, Berat Badan menurut Usia (BB/U), Tinggi Badan menurut Usia (TB/U) dan Berat Badan Menurut Tinggi Badan (BB/TB). Output dari sistem yang dirancang menghasilkan informasi level kondisi anak yaitu Level Stunting Parah, Level Stunting Ringan, Stunting Sedang , Normal dan Obesitas. Sehingga kondisi level stunting ini dapat menjadi acuan dalam perawatan yang bersifat holistik kepada anak. Berdasarkan 76 data balita yang diperoleh, hasil akhir dari perhitungan Stunt Analyzer pada aplikasi menunjukkan terdapat 14 anak atau (18.42%) data balita yang dinyatakan Stunting Ringan, 5 data balita atau (6,57%) dinyakan Stunting Sedang, 3 Balita atau (3,94%) dinyatakan Stunting Parah, 9 data balita atau (11,84%) dinyatakan Obesitas dan 45 data balita atau (59,21%) dinyatakan Normal.
El acontecer de una escuela en un ámbito de privación de la libertad
Authors: Albornoz Melina 
Published: December 2024

«En la escuela no hay injusticias. Una etnografía de la educación en contextos de encierro» se destaca como una obra que sumerge al lector en el mundo íntimo de una institución inserta dentro de otra, se trata de la Escuela Primaria de educación de jóvenes y adultos N°27 Vicente Lopez, que funciona dentro de la Unidad Penal N°1 Juan José O´Connor de la ciudad de Paraná, Entre Ríos.
Con una narrativa meticulosa y un enfoque profundamente inmersivo, Gretel Schneider nos ofrece una ventana para conocer cómo los estudiantes que se encuentran privados de su libertad viven su doble condición, cómo la escuela incide en la vida cotidiana de la cárcel y viceversa.
Esta reseña pretende mostrar un libro que no solo documenta sino que también muestra las complejidades de una realidad que desafía las percepciones preexistentes. El lector es guiado a través de una exploración detallada y empática, que revela las interacciones, conflictos, negociaciones y tensiones que definen la experiencia cotidiana de quienes son usuarios del Servicio Penitenciario y esa escuela que acontece y permite nacer el ser estudiante detrás de los altos muros.
Responses of Banana Cigar End Rot Pathogen to Chemical Fungicides
Authors: Gul Nasreen , Khanzada Anam Mehwish , Khanzada Muhammad Ali , Rajput Abdul Qayoom , Shah Gulam Serwer , Sahito Oan Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

In vitro study was carried out to investigate the responses of cigar end rot pathogen Musicillium theobromae (Turconi) Zare & W. Gams (syn. Verticillium theo­bromae E.W. Mason & S. Hughes) to chemical fungicides viz., Gemstar, Score, Tilt, Nativo, Tecto, Scholar and Aerosal. The efficacy of fungicides against cigar end rot was determined by measuring the colony growth, fresh weight of biomass and dry weight of biomass. Among seven fungicides evaluated against colony growth of M. theobromae, Tecto was highly effective followed by Aerosal and Score. Gemstar and Scholar appeared less effective than other fungicides. Although, all fungicidal treatments significantly reduced the fungus growth as compared to the control. The test pathogen M. theobromae failed to grow at all concentrations of Tecto; able to produce less growth at 0.1 ppm of Aerosal; 0.1 and 1 ppm of Score. Similarly, 100 and 1000 ppm of Tilt and Nativo appeared highly effective, as no growth of test pathogen was observed in these treatments. In regards of fresh biomass weight, all fungicidal treatments were effective in reducing the growth of M. theobromae in liquid culture. However, some were more effective than others. Fungicides like Score, Tilt, Nativo, Tecto and Aerosal were highly effective, their all concentrations produced no or negligible amount of fresh biomass of M. theobromae. Among different fungicides, Gemstar appeared significantly less effective than other fungicides; it’s all concentrations produced more or less fresh biomass of test pathogen. The test fungus was only able to grew at lower concentration (0.1 ppm) of Scholar, but produced negligible growth at 1 to 1000 ppm. In term of dry biomass production, most of the fungicides were highly effective against M. theobromae, produced either no or negligible dry biomass weight. However, few fungicides such as Scholar and Gemstar produced comparatively more dried biomass weight as compared to the control. Although, both of these fungicides produced significantly less dried biomass as compared to the control. The other fungicides like Aerosal, Nativo, Tecto, Score and Tilt were highly effective in reducing the dry biomass weight of M. theobromae. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the effective fungicides like fungicides like Tecto, Score. Tilt, Nativo and Aerosal under field and storage conditions against cigar end rot of banana.