bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A method to estimate the frequency of chromosomal rearrangements induced by CRISPR/Cas9 multiplexing in Drosophila
Authors: Ng William A. , Reed Bruce H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUsing CRISPR/Cas9 to simultaneously induce mutations in two or more target genes, commonly referred to as multiplexing, may result in chromosomal rearrangements such as inversions or translocations. While this may be undesirable in some contexts, the ability to recover chromosomal rearrangements targeted to specific sites in the genome is potentially a powerful tool. Before developing such tools, however, it is first important to measure the frequency with which chromosome rearrangements are induced by CRISPR/Cas9 multiplexing. To do this, we have developed a self-selecting screening system using a Drosophila line that carries an autosomal pericentric inversion in what is known as the autosynaptic form. All progeny of normal females crossed to males of this autosynaptic stock are lethal due to excessive aneuploidy. If an inversion is induced within the female germline, and if it is analogous to the inversion in the male autosynaptic line, then it is possible to recover progeny in which aneuploidy is reduced and viability is restored. Using this self-selection method, we screened 130 females and recovered one new autosynaptic element. Salivary gland polytene chromosome analysis, PCR, and sequencing confirmed the recovery of a breakpoint induced precisely between the two sgRNA target sites. Overall, we demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 multiplexing can induce chromosomal rearrangements in Drosophila. Also, in using this particular system, the recovery of chromosomal rearrangements was not a high frequency event.
Distinct DNA metabolism and anti-proliferative effects of goat urine metabolites: An explanation for xeno-tumor heterogeneity
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Swami Swati , Sharma Nilesh Kumar 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe tumor microenvironment, including microbiome populations in the local niche of several types of solid tumors like mammary and colorectal cancer are distinct. The occurrence of one type of cancer over another varies from animals to human individuals. Further, clinical data suggest that specific cancer types such as mammary and colorectal cancer are rare in ruminant like goat.MethodsFresh urine samples were collected from healthy ruminates including cow, goat, buffalo, ox, horse, jenny and human and subjected to fractionation using drying, vortexing, centrifugation and sterile filtration in DMSO solvent. Collected urine DMSO fraction (UDF) samples from all sources were subjected DNA metabolizing assay with plasmid DNA pBR322 and genomic DNA of MCF-7 cells. Further, based on the discernible DNA metabolizing effects, goat UDF was tested for anti-proliferative effects upon HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells using Trypan blue due exclusion assay.ResultsThis paper reports that goat UDF possesses very clear DNA metabolizing effects (up to 95%) upon plasmid and genomic DNA compared to other ruminants and human UDF samples. Interestingly autoclaving of goat UDF and other sample results in the significant loss of DNA metabolizing effects. In this way, data potentially indicate that the goat UDF sample contains metabolite or similar organic compounds. Further, in vitro treatment of the goat UDF sample shows discernible anti-proliferative effects upon HCT-116 (up to 75%) and MCF-7 (up to 40%).ConclusionThis study signifies the clear differences in DNA metabolizing effects of goat UDF and well correlated with anti-proliferative effects upon HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells. This study is of first report to show the comparison of urine metabolites and an indirect link to support the possible reasons behind xeno-tumor heterogeneity as rare occurrences of colorectal and mammary cancer in goat over other ruminants and human.
Dysbiosis in a canine model of human fistulizing Crohn’s disease
Authors: Maldonado-Contreras Ana , Ferrer Lluís , Cawley Caitlin , Crain Sarah , Toscano Juan , Ward Doyle V. , Hoffman Andrew 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundCrohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory condition caused by the loss of mucosal tolerance towards the commensal microbiota. Approximately 70% of CD patients experience perianal complications. Perianal fistulizing is a predictor of poor long-term outcomes. Animal models of gut inflammation have failed to fully recapitulate the human manifestations of fistulizing CD. Here, we evaluated dogs with spontaneous canine anal furunculosis (CAF), a disease with clinical similarities to fistulizing CD, as a surrogate model for human fistulizing CD.ResultsBy comparing the gut microbiomes between dogs suffering from CAF (CAF dogs) and healthy dogs, we show that similar to microbiome population trends in CD humans, CAF dogs microbiomes are either very dissimilar (dysbiotic) or similar, yet unique, to healthy dog’s microbiomes. Compared to healthy or healthy-like CAF microbiomes, dysbiotic CAF microbiomes showed an increased abundance ofBacteroides vulgatusandEscherichia coliand a decreased abundance ofMegamonasspecies andPrevotella copri. These same determinant bacteria are associated with human CD.ConclusionsOur results highlight the similarities in microbiome community patterns between CAF dogs and CD humans, including overlapping determinant bacterial taxa, and support the use of CAF dogs as a surrogate model to study human fistulizing CD.
Heritability and family-based GWAS analyses of the N-acyl ethanolamine and ceramide plasma lipidome
Authors: McGurk Kathryn A. , Williams Simon G. , Guo Hui , Watkins Hugh , Farrall Martin , Cordell Heather J. , Nicolaou Anna , Keavney Bernard D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSignalling lipids of the N-acyl ethanolamine (NAE) and ceramide (CER) classes are emerging as novel cardiovascular disease biomarkers. We sought to establish the heritability of plasma NAEs (including the endocannabinoid anandamide) and CERs, and identify common DNA variants influencing the circulating concentrations of the heritable lipid species. Nine NAE and sixteen CER species were analysed in plasma samples from 999 members of 196 British Caucasian families, using targeted mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Heritability was estimated and GWAS analyses were undertaken; all target lipids were significantly heritable (h2 = 36%-62%). A missense variant (rs324420) in the gene encoding the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which degrades NAEs, associated at GWAS significance (P<2.15×10−8) with four NAEs (DHEA, PEA, LEA, VEA). The A allele of this SNP was associated with a 0.23 SD per-allele increase in plasma NAE species. Additionally, we found association between rs680379 in the SPTLC3 gene, which encodes a subunit of the rate limiting enzyme in CER biosynthesis, and a range of CER species (e.g. CER[N(24)S(19)]; P =4.82×10−27). We also observed three novel associations (CD83, SGPP1, FBXO28-DEGS1) influencing plasma CER traits, two of which (SGPP1 and DEGS1) implicate CER species in haematological phenotypes. NAE and CER are substantially heritable bioactive lipids, influenced by SNPs in key metabolic enzymes.
The persistent effect of socioeconomic status on education and labor market outcomes
Authors: Correa Juan A. , Gutiérrez Pablo , Lorca Miguel , Morales Raúl , Parro Francisco 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to study the effect of family socioeconomic status (SES) on academic and labor market outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used a rich data set of administrative records for test scores, individual background and adult earnings of a cohort of agents, covering a period spanning the agents' upper-secondary education and their early years in the labor market.

Findings
The authors find that students with the highest SES obtained a 1.5 standard deviations higher score in the college admission test than students who had the same academic outcomes in the eighth grade test but belong to the lowest SES. Similarly, among students that obtained the same scores in the college admission test, those with the highest SES earned monthly wages 0.7 standard deviations higher than those with the lowest SES.

Originality/value
The findings highlight that family socioeconomic background continues to influence outcomes during individuals’ upper secondary education and early years in the labor market.
Geospatial data in the UK
Authors: Jozefowicz Suzanne , Stone Merlin , Aravopoulou Eleni 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the rise of geospatial data, its importance for business and some of the problems associated with its development and use.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews a certain amount of previously published literature but is based mainly on analysis of the very large number of responses to a consultation paper on geospatial data published by the UK Government.FindingsThe findings are that while there is strong appreciation of the potential benefits of using geospatial data, there are many barriers to the development, sharing and use of geospatial data, ranging from problems of incompatibility in data definitions and systems to regulatory issues. The implication for governments and for providers and users of geospatial data relates to the need to take a long-term approach to planning in resolving the issues identified.Research limitations/implicationsThe research findings are limited to the UK, but similar findings would be likely in any other large Western country.Practical implicationsThis paper confirms the need for a strong and coherent approach to the planning of geospatial data and systems for the establishment of a clear basis for the different parties to work together and the need to clearly separate the roles of the government in establishing frameworks and standards and the role of the private sector in developing applications and solutions.Social implicationsSociety is increasingly dependent on the use of geospatial data, in improving living standards and dealing with social problems. The recommendations identified in this paper, if followed, will facilitate these improvements.Originality/valueThe value of this paper is the tight synthesis that it provides of a wide ranging and complex range of responses to the UK Government consultation and placing these responses in the wider context of the development of geospatial data.
Diffusion of residential RT solar – is lack of funds the real issue?
Authors: Aggarwal Ashwini Kumar , Syed Asif Ali , Garg Sandeep 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Rooftop (RT) solar in India has grown to 4.4 GW by the end of March 2019 – but it is still under-performing vs national solar mission target of 40 GW. This paper aims to understand the drivers of the purchase intent (PI) for RT solar will enable policymakers to improve the penetration of this new and promising green technology.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper builds a structural equation modeling model for triggers of the PI of a residential RT solar photo-voltaic (SPV) buyer. The empirical study conducted in Delhi/national capital region of Delhi and Bangalore validates the role of the Unified Theory of Acceptance & Use of Technology (2) constructs in the PI of the residential sector RT solar buyer in India. It also explores a few myths – prior green habits have no relationship with the PI and self-efficacy has been dropped in the final path analysis to improve model fit.

Findings
This research explores the myth that financial self-efficacy – or prospect’s perception of his capability to fund (through own or credit finance) – will mean that the prospect is likely to be more conducive to an SPV purchase in the city contexts studied. It is more relevant for policymakers to work on factors such as social influence/ beliefs, effort expectancy and price-value beliefs. Other relevant triggers are performance expectancy, hedonic motivation and environmental beliefs.

Originality/value
This is the first Indian research leveraging multi-city survey of actual households build an empirically verified consumer behavior model for RT SPV in the residential sector leveraging the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 constructs.
Interbank financing and business cycle in Europe
Authors: Kim Cuong Ly , Vinh Vo Xuan 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe knowledge of the link between interbank financing and business cycle fluctuations is important in assessing the stability and soundness of the banking sector. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the simultaneous relationship between interbank financing and the business cycle with respect to the financial structure of the bank-based and market-based systems in European countries by using bank-level data from 2007 to 2011.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs an innovative instrumenting technique with an instrument of the financial structure to address the simultaneous determination of interbank financing and the business cycle.FindingsThe results suggest that banks establish pro-cyclical interbank borrowing by increasing their interbank position during booms and reducing it during downturns. Bank-based system performs better in redistributing the liquidity in the economy than the market-based system when there are imperfectly correlated liquidity shocks across regions during the 2007–2009 financial crisis.Practical implicationsThe improvement of banks’ liquidity risk management should be aligned with a specific financial system. The macro-prudential supervisor should require banks in the market-based system to disclose their interbank position on the extent of risk exposure during the liquidity shock period to stabilize the EU banking industry.Originality/valueThis study is the first to provide policy makers with some novel empirical results concerning the linkage among bank liquidity, the macroeconomic condition and financial structure.
Co-worker social support and organisational identification: does ethnic self-identification matter?
Authors: Pepple Dennis G. , Davies Eleanor M.M. 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of socially supportive relationships between co-workers in fostering organisational identification (OID). Adopting a Social Identity Theory perspective, the study investigates how employees’ ethnic self-identification (ESI) may influence co-worker social support (CWSS)–OID relationship depending on whether they are indigenes or non-indigenes.Design/methodology/approachRegression analysis was used to examine the relationship between CWSS (independent variable) and OID (dependent variable) at different levels of ESI (moderator variable). Data were collected from 1,525 employees from public and private employers in Nigeria.FindingsFindings supported a positive relationship between CWSS and OID that is moderated by an employee’s ESI. Specifically, the study finds that ESI matters in the strength of CWSS–OID relationship such that the relationship is weaker for indigenes compared to non-indigenes.Practical implicationsAs organisations develop policies that increase the representation of various ethnic groups or other forms of social identities at work, there is need to create an environment that fosters socially supportive relationships among co-workers.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by adding a level of boundary conditions to the overall findings that workplace relationships are important for OID. The study also addresses how employees of different ethnic groups are influenced by the ethnicity of the context prevailing where an organisation is located.
Identification of herpes zoster high‐risk group using Charlson comorbidity index: A nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cho Soo Ick , Lee Dong Hun , Park Young Min 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) is mainly affected by age. Various comorbidities could influence the risk of HZ, but a general guideline for evaluating their effect on HZ is lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) is useful in evaluating the risk of HZ in the general population. This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 1 016 580 random multistage representative samples in Korea, recorded from 2004 to 2013 in the South Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort database. We calculated the baseline CCI score of comorbidities and compared the hazard ratio (HR) of HZ according to the calculated CCI scores. A total of 340 124 eligible subjects aged 40–79 years and 35 874 HZ patients were identified. After adjustment of age, sex and income, the HR of HZ and odds ratio of postherpetic neuralgia in the CCI score of 1 or more group was found to be significantly higher than that of the CCI score 0 group. Compared with the 60s age group with a CCI score of 0, the 50s age group with a CCI score of 1 had a higher risk of HZ, and the 40s age group with a CCI score of 3 or more had a similar risk of HZ. Scoring systems of comorbidities such as the CCI could be useful in identifying the high‐risk group for HZ, especially among the 40–59‐year age group. Further studies are required to establish the usage of a HZ‐specific comorbidity scoring system in a large multinational population.
Evaluation of the effect of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) essential oil addition on the quality parameters and shelf‐life prediction of yoghurt
Authors: Ben Abdesslem Souhir , Ben Moussa Olfa , Boulares Mouna , Elbaz Mounira , Chouaibi Moncef , Ayachi Souha , Hassouna Mnasser 
Published: October 2019

Yoghurt was prepared by adding three concentrations of fennel essential oil (FEO) (2.5, 5 and 7.5 µL) in 100 mL of pasteurised milk. Fennel essential oil did not affect the viability of yoghurt starters during fermentation. Based on sensory analysis, only the 5‐µL FEO concentration was incorporated in order to investigate the physicochemical and microbiological properties of enriched yoghurt during storage. Results showed that FEO in yoghurt did not significantly affect the quality after acidification (P > 0.05). However, total solid content, syneresis and lightness (L*) differed significantly (P < 0.05). Bacterial counts indicated that the control yoghurt had the highest values. Fortified yoghurt had an increased shelf life of 29 days.
The Wellness Incentive and Navigation intervention improved health‐related quality of life among Medicaid enrollees: A randomized pragmatic clinical trial
Authors: Guo Yi , Vogel Walter Bruce , Muller Keith E. , Stoner Dena , Huo Tianyao , Shenkman Elizabeth A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether the Wellness Incentive and Navigation (WIN) intervention can improve health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) among Medicaid enrollees with co‐occurring physical and behavioral health conditions.Data SourcesAnnual telephone survey data from 2013 to 2016, linked with claims data.Study DesignWe recruited 1259 participants from the Texas STAR + PLUS managed care program and randomized them into an intervention group that received flexible wellness accounts and navigator services or a control group that received standard care. We conducted 4 waves of telephone surveys to collect data on HRQOL, patient activation, and other participant demographic and clinical characteristics.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsThe 3M Clinical Risk Grouping Software was used to extract variables from claims data and group participants based on disease severity.Principal FindingsOur results showed that the WIN intervention was effective in increasing patient activation and HRQOL among Medicaid enrollees with co‐occurring physical and behavioral health conditions. Furthermore, we found that this intervention effect on HRQOL was partially mediated by patient activation.ConclusionsProviding navigator support with wellness account is effective in improving HRQOL among Medicaid enrollees. The pragmatic nature of the trial maximizes the chance of successfully implementing it in state Medicaid programs.
An integrated assessment of China's South—North Water Transfer Project
Authors: Rogers Sarah , Chen Dan , Jiang Hong , Rutherfurd Ian , Wang Mark , Webber Michael , Crow‐Miller Britt , Barnett Jon , Finlayson Brian , Jiang Min , Shi Chenchen , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractChina's South–North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP) is a vast and still expanding network of infrastructure and institutions that moves water from the Yangtze River and its tributaries to cities in North China. This article aims to assess the SNWTP's impacts by beginning to answer seven questions about the project: How is the management of the SNWTP evolving? What are the problems to be resolved when managing SNWTP water within jurisdictions? What are the status and management of water quality in the SNWTP? What are the consequences of resettlements caused by the SNWTP? How is increased water supply affecting regional development? Is the SNWTP achieving its stated environmental goals? What are the sustainability credentials of the SNWTP? Drawing on primary and secondary data, the article demonstrates both that the opportunities and burdens characterising the project are highly uneven and that management systems are evolving rapidly in an attempt to enforce strict water quality targets. Furthermore, while the SNWTP may be helping to resolve groundwater overexploitation in Beijing, it is highly energy intensive, raising questions about its sustainability. Our analysis highlights the need to continue to interrogate the socio‐economic, environmental, and political implications of such schemes long after they are officially completed.
Osimertinib 160 mg daily for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer with leptomeningeal metastasis: A case report
Authors: Tsang Maverick Wai‐Kong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAdvanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) is associated with a dismal prognosis of typically 3‐9 months. In preclinical and clinical studies, the third‐generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib has demonstrated activity in the central nervous system (CNS), and studies are ongoing. We report here a case of osimertinib used at 160 mg once daily in a heavily pretreated patient with EGFR exon 20 T790M‐negative advanced NSCLC with LM to achieve a partial response, including shrinkage of the LM, for up to 12 months until further progression. The case suggests the feasibility of using osimertinib at a twofold standard dose to treat CNS metastases, irrespective of the T790M mutation status.