bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy and central pancreatectomy for gastric and perigastric lymph node metastases and pancreatic invasion from melanoma: a case report
Authors: Okawa Yuki , Ebihara Yuma , Tanaka Kimitaka , Nakanishi Yoshitsugu , Asano Toshimichi , Noji Takehiro , Kurashima Yo , Murakami Soichi , Nakamura Toru , Tsuchikawa Takahiro , Okamura Keisuke , Shichinohe Toshiaki , Hirano Satoshi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
In melanoma, completely resectable metastases are surgically resected to expect to prolong relapse-free survival and overall survival. However, distant metastases of melanoma are rarely indicated for surgery because multiple metastases are often observed at diagnosis. We report a case of a man in his 50s who underwent laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy and central pancreatectomy for gastric metastases, lymph node metastases, and pancreatic invasion that could be completely resected.

Case presentation
A 50-year-old man was diagnosed with malignant melanoma of the left parietal region. After diagnosis, tumor resection and left cervical lymph node dissection were performed, and interferon-β treatment was added as adjuvant therapy. Seventeen months after adjuvant therapy, metastasis of stomach and abdominal lymph nodes from melanoma was diagnosed. And the pancreatic invasion of lymph nodes was suspected. Laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy and the central pancreatectomy were performed because pancreatic invasion of melanoma was intraoperatively found. After 9 months of relapse-free survival, abdominal recurrence was observed. Nivolumab and ipilimumab were administered, and recurrent lesions are currently controlled. The patient has survived more than 3 years since metastasis resection.

Conclusion
In conclusion, laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy and the central pancreatectomy were performed for gastric and perigastric lymph node metastases and pancreatic invasion due to malignant melanoma, and the negative surgical margin was achieved. Although patient selection is required, the central pancreatectomy was a good indication for maintaining exocrine and endocrine function. The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular-targeted agents may increase gastrointestinal surgery for metastatic melanoma in the future.
Lamellar macular holes: evolving concepts and propensity for progression to full thickness macular hole
Authors: Asaad Salim Zafar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCurrently the term lamellar macular hole (LMH) alludes to a wide spectrum of macular conditions including distinct clinical entities with different pathomorphologies. Classifications into subtypes, tractional and degenerative or based on the associated preretinal tissue had been proposed. Recent insights suggest that only lesions with tissue loss should be considered ‘true’ LMH and not those morphological changes caused by tractional forces. Inclusion of lesions with foveoschisis with contractile epiretinal membrane (ERM) in earlier studies on LMHs has resulted in imprecise information about its clinical course. This review provides an overview of the evolving concepts of LMHs and analyses its natural history from study cases in previously published literature.
A new tool for the remote sensing of groundwater tables: satellite images of pastoral wells
Authors: Collignon Bernard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the Sahara and the Sahel, groundwater is a limited and indispensable resource for pastoral livestock farming. The daily life and work of the herders are organised around the location of the wells and the depth of the water table. To ensure the sustainable development of these regions, it is therefore essential to develop accurate piezometric maps, even in the areas that are most difficult to access.Thanks to high-resolution satellite images, the tracks made by cattle, goats and camels in the Sahara and Sahel could become a key indicator of the depth of the water table.In the northern Sahel, pastoralists water their livestock from deep wells. To draw water, they hitch oxen or camels to a rope whose length is an accurate measure of the depth of the piezometric surface of the water table. When pulling on this rope, the animals leave deep tracks on the ground that can be observed and measured on satellite images.We have developed a remote sensing technique that allows us to (a) identify pastoral wells, (b) isolate the tracks left by the animals used to draw water, and (c) use these animal tracks to estimate the water depth.After carefully calibrating the method, we were able to use open data (Landsat) and satellites images freely accessible data thanks to Google Earth Pro (SPOT and Worldview) to draw up, in just a few weeks, the piezometric map of a large aquifer (200,000km2) that is not easily accessible by other means due to the prevailing insecurity that has persisted in this part of the Sahel region for several years. This same method was then subsequently tested and validated on two other aquifers, one in Nigeria and one in Niger.
The sim must go on: adapting resident education to the COVID-19 pandemic using telesimulation
Authors: Patel Shivani M. , Miller Christina R. , Schiavi Adam , Toy Serkan , Schwengel Deborah A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing rules necessitated the suspension of all in-person learning activities at our institution. Consequently, distance learning became essential. We adapted a high-fidelity immersive case-based simulation scenario for telesimulation by using the virtual meeting platform Zoom® to meet our curricular needs. The use of telesimulation to teach a complex case-based scenario is novel. Two cohorts of anesthesiology residents participated 2 weeks apart. All learners were located at home. Four faculty members conducted the telesimulation from different locations within our simulation center in the roles of director, simulation operator, confederate anesthesiologist, and confederate surgeon. The anesthesiologist performed tasks as directed by learners. The scenario was divided into four scenes to permit reflection on interventions/actions by the participants based on the clinical events as the scenario progressed, to facilitate intermittent debriefing and learner engagement. All residents were given a medical knowledge pretest before the telesimulation and a posttest and learner satisfaction survey at the conclusion. The scenario was authentic and immersive, represented an actual case, and provided the opportunity to practice lessons that could be applied in the clinical setting. Participants rated telesimulation a reasonable substitution for in-person learning and expressed gratitude for continuation of their simulation-based education in this format during the pandemic. Participants in the second cohort reported feeling more engaged (p = 0.008) and stimulated to think critically (p = 0.003). Audio quality was the most frequently noted limitation. Fifty-three residents completed both pre- and posttests. The two cohorts did not differ in knowledge pretest scores (62% vs 60%, p = 0.80) or posttest scores (78% vs. 77%, p = 0.87). Overall, knowledge scores improved with the telesimulation intervention (pretest mean = 61% [SD = 14%]; posttest mean = 78% [SD = 12%]; t (41) = − 7.89, p < 0.001). Thus, using a Zoom format, we demonstrated the feasibility of adapting a complex case for telesimulation and effective knowledge gain. Furthermore, we improved our process in real time based on participant feedback. Participants were satisfied with their learning experience, suggesting that this format may be used in other distance learning situations.
Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infections and associated risk factors among schoolchildren in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
Authors: Laoraksawong Pokkamol , Pansuwan Pimyada , Krongchon Supakrit , Pongpanitanont Pongphan , Janwan Penchom 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Enterobius vermicularis infection is an important public health problem worldwide, especially among schoolchildren in tropical and subtropical countries. The prevalence of E. vermicularis infections varies in each region of Thailand; however, its status remains unknown among children who live in rural areas of the southern region. This study aimed to evaluate the current prevalence of E. vermicularis infections and to identify the risk factors for infection among schoolchildren who live in rural communities in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Southern Thailand.

Results
The overall prevalence of E. vermicularis infections was 5.79% (23 of 397). According to a multivariate analysis, the following were found to be risk factors associated with E. vermicularis infections (P < 0.05): those of the male sex (AOR = 4.03, 95% CI 1.22–13.29), those in the 3–6 year age group (AOR = 4.85, 95% CI 1.51–15.59), those who have a mother with a primary school education level (AOR = 11.22, 95% CI 1.75–71.77), those who have older sibling(s) (AOR = 6.25, 95% CI 1.83–21.26), those who have younger sibling(s) (AOR = 6.24, 95% CI 2.00–19.44), those who sometimes wash their hands after using the toilet (AOR = 5.25, 95% CI 1.24–22.21), those who keep their fingernails long (AOR = 29.97, 95% CI 6.16–145.85), and those who suck their fingers (AOR = 3.59, 95% CI 1.21–10.66).

Conclusions
This was the first report that revealed the prevalence of E. vermicularis infections among children who live in rural areas of Southern Thailand through detection using the Scotch tape technique. This study demonstrated that the high prevalence of E. vermicularis infections in schoolchildren with siblings was a significant independent predictor and that the transmission of this infection may occur in the family through their school-age siblings. In addition, children who have poor personal hygiene have a high prevalence of E. vermicularis infections. Therefore, maintaining good handwashing habits, keeping one’s fingernails short, and avoiding sucking one’s fingers should be important preventive measures against infection. Moreover, health literacy or health education, especially for parents or the principal caretakers of children, should be implemented to reduce E. vermicularis infections.
Metabolic resistance mechanism in Aedes aegypti from Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Fagbohun Ifeoluwa Kayode , Idowu Emmanuel Taiwo , Olakiigbe Abiodun Kanmi , Oyeniyi Amos Tolulope , Otubanjo Olubunmi Adetoro , Awolola Taiwo Samson 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Aedes aegypti transmits several arboviral diseases of global public health threat such as dengue, zika, and yellow fever. Recently, a series of yellow fever outbreaks have been reported in different parts of the country. Globally, the control of mosquito-borne diseases has relied heavily on insecticides based vector control efforts. Therefore, we assessed the susceptibility status to three different classes of WHO approved insecticides and evaluated the importance of detoxifying enzymes on insecticides resistance in Aedes aegypti collected from Lagos State, Nigeria. Aedes aegypti immature stages were collected from suitable habitats in peri-domestic areas of Alimosho, Kosofe, Badagry, and Ibeju-Lekki Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State, 2–5 days old glucose-fed adult female mosquitoes were exposed to discriminating doses of DDT, permethrin, bendiocarb, and PBO synergist using WHO standard procedure and kits. Identification was through morphological means only.

Results
Resistance to DDT and permethrin was recorded in all the LGAs, suspected resistance to bendiocarb was recorded in Aedes aegypti from Alimosho while full susceptibility was recorded in other LGAs. PBO synergist significantly increases the 24 h mortality of DDT and permethrin-resistant Aedes aegypti in all the LGAs. The activities of both GSTs and cytochrome P450s increase with decreasing mortality for Aedes aegypti, regression value (R2) ranges from 0.8889 to 0.6224 for GSTs and 0.4379 to 0.616 for cytochrome P450s.

Conclusions
Aedes aegypti population from Lagos State, Nigeria, have developed resistance to DDT and permethrin, the activities of P450s and GST were implicated in DDT and permethrin resistance in this study. Therefore, a need for regular insecticides monitoring and PBO should be incorporated into Aedes aegypti insecticides control strategies to forestall development of resistance to DDT and pyrethriods.
Medical cannabis use in the United States: a retrospective database study
Authors: Mahabir V. Kishan , Merchant Jamil J. , Smith Christopher , Garibaldi Alisha 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Growing interest in the medicinal properties of cannabis has led to an increase in its use to treat medical conditions, and the establishment of state-specific medical cannabis programs. Despite medical cannabis being legal in 33 states and the District of Colombia, there remains a paucity of data characterizing the patients accessing medical cannabis programs.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed a registry with data from 33 medical cannabis evaluation clinics in the United States, owned and operated by CB2 Insights. Data were collected primarily by face-to-face interviews for patients seeking medical cannabis certification between November 18, 2018 and March 18, 2020. Patients were removed from the analysis if they did not have a valid date of birth, were less than 18, or did not have a primary medical condition reported; a total of 61,379 patients were included in the analysis. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics expressed as a mean (standard deviation (SD)) or median (interquartile range (IQR)) as appropriate for continuous variables, and number (percent) for categorical variables. Statistical tests performed across groups included t-tests, chi-squared tests and regression.

Results
The average age of patients was 45.5, 54.8% were male and the majority were Caucasian (87.5%). Female patients were significantly older than males (47.0 compared to 44.6). Most patients reported cannabis experience prior to seeking medical certification (66.9%). The top three mutually exclusive primary medical conditions reported were unspecified chronic pain (38.8%), anxiety (13.5%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (8.4%). The average number of comorbid conditions reported was 2.7, of which anxiety was the most common (28.3%). Females reported significantly more comorbid conditions than males (3.1 compared to 2.3).

Conclusion
This retrospective study highlighted the range and number of conditions for which patients in the US seek medical cannabis. Rigorous clinical trials investigating the use of medical cannabis to treat pain conditions, anxiety, insomnia, depression and PTSD would benefit a large number of patients, many of whom use medical cannabis to treat multiple conditions.
Views and attitudes of university students in Upper Egypt towards youth health centers
Authors: Abd El-Mawgod Mohamed M. , Elghazally Shimaa A. , Mohammed Heba M. , Elkayat Mariam Roshdy , Osman Doaa M. M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundA healthy youth is considered the major human resource for any country development. They are suffering from unmet health needs. Considering these needs and their attitude towards the use of youth health center (YHC) services would help to improve both the quality and quantity of these services.ObjectivesTo identify the students’ perceived health needs and their attitude towards use of the YHCs in Assiut University campus, Upper Egypt a cross-sectional study was conducted among 305 randomly selected university students. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire.ResultsThe majority of the students (80%) said that youth have special health needs. The most reported needs were psychological support, health education on different topics including reproductive health and sexually transmitted diseases, and nutritional services respectively. There was a high perception among surveyed students (71.5%) that the existing health services are inadequate for meeting their needs. Counseling, laboratory services, and premarital examination were the most frequently reported services mentioned by youth to be offered in YHCs. The majority (78.1%) preferred the health provider to be of the same sex. Despite the prevailing conservative culture in Upper Egypt, the students had positive attitude towards availability of sexual and reproductive information and establishment of a YHC in the university campus. A low awareness rate (15.1%) about the already existing YHC in university campus was revealed.ConclusionUniversity students perceived that there are unmet needs for youth-specialized services, mainly for providing sexual and reproductive information, and establishment of an on-campus YHC. The study provides important information for policymakers about the perspectives of youth which should be taken into consideration when new YHC are planned and implemented.
Is there a transcatheter solution for a sick neonate with hypoplastic right heart syndrome?: Pulmonary valve perforation in a neonate with hypoplastic right ventricle with pulmonary atresia, restrictive VSD—a case report
Authors: Barwad Parag , Prasad Krishna , Vijay Jyothi , Naganur Sanjeev 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome with pulmonary atresia is a rare cyanotic heart disease with poor prognosis requiring urgent intervention to establish the pulmonary blood flow. Pulmonary blood flow is achieved by BT shunt or percutaneous techniques like PDA stenting or pulmonary valve perforation. Various series have shown that early surgical intervention causes high mortality in these patients. Pulmonary valve perforation is a suitable, physiological alternative to surgical techniques in selected patients.

Case presentation
We report a case of hypoplastic right heart syndrome with pulmonary atresia and restrictive VSD presenting with cyanosis from birth and underwent pulmonary valve perforation successfully.

Conclusion
Duct-dependent pulmonary circulation is a pediatric emergency, palliative procedure for establishing adequate pulmonary blood flow is essential early in the life. In the management of duct-dependent pulmonary circulation, RVOT perforation is an effective and safe option in suitable high-risk subgroups. The induced pulmonary regurgitation along with established physiological antegrade flow would be beneficial in the remodeling of tripartite/hypertrophied small RV.
Effect of gestational Mediterranean diet intervention on newborn fat mass and cord blood leptin level
Authors: Abdou Rania Mohamed , El Hawary Gehan Sayed , Saab Azza A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Maternal nutritional status is an important determinant of intrauterine growth and neonatal size. No published surveys exist on maternal Mediterranean diet intakes and newborn adiposity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the individual maternal Mediterranean diet on the in-utero body fat formation and cord leptin level in newborns. Pregnant women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 35 kg/m2 (n = 118) were assisted for individual dietary counseling based on the Mediterranean diet healthy eating. According to diet adherence, participants (paired mother and newborn) were divided into an intervention group (n = 57) and a control group (n = 61). We examined the association between diet modification and gestational weight gain, maternal, and cord leptin level together with newborn anthropometry (weight and fat mass %).

Results
Gestational weight gain, newborn birth weight, fat mass %, and cord leptin level lower in the intervention (12.22 ± 1.8 kg, 3.57 ± 0.35 kg, 9.27 ± 2.16 %, 11.78 ± 3.63 ng/ml, p = 000, respectively) than in control group (18.03 ± 3.25 kg, 4.02 ± 0.32 kg, 11.85 ± 2.30 %, 35.37 ± 11.14 ng/ml, respectively. Umbilical cord leptin levels strongly correlated with neonatal fat mass percent in both groups. However, maternal serum leptin did not correlate with the newborn parameters in the intervention group.

Conclusion
Maternal energy intake from healthy fat and diet intervention is probably associated with decreased fat mass and leptin levels in neonates.
Diagnostic value of abdominal sonography in confirmed COVID-19 intensive care patients
Authors: Abdelmohsen Mohsen Ahmed , Alkandari Buthaina M. , Gupta Vikash K. , ElBeheiry Ahmed Adel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn December 2019, a large outbreak of a novel coronavirus infection occurred in Wuhan, China. The pneumonic disease caused by this virus is called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO).As case numbers have increased worldwide, gastro-intestinal symptoms like diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, and vomiting have been increased, these symptoms associated with positive laboratory results including abnormal liver function tests, renal function tests, and D-Dimer levels.Although there are multiple articles evaluated the imaging findings in HRCT of COVID-19 patients that helped in understanding the disease course and potential complications in the chest, yet there are—to our knowledge—limited data about the abdominal imaging findings of the course and potential abdominal complications of COVID-19 notably in the intensive care units (ICU).ResultsForty-one sonographic examinations were done for 30 confirmed COVID-intensive care patients presented with abdominal symptoms.Of the 30 patients, 26 were males (86.66%), and 4 were females (13.3%), the average age of the patients was 57.7 years old.The most common sonographic observation was hepatomegaly (n, 23/41, 56%) and biliary system disease (n, 17/41, 41.4%); the imaging findings were correlated with the clinical and laboratory data. CT examination when indicated (in our study to assess hematomas for active extravasation and to assess bowel obstruction and its level).ConclusionAbdominal sonographic imaging was often performed for inpatients with COVID-19. Hepatobiliary dysfunction as well as nephropathy was the most common imaging findings.
Vitex negundo assisted green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles with different applications: a mini review
Authors: Patil Shriniwas P. , Kumbhar Subhash T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Several attempts have been made for green synthesis of nanoparticles of different metals and metal oxides, revealing the significance of plant extracts in reducing metal source to nanoparticles and applications in various scientific domains.

Main body
The present article focus on applications of Vitex negundo leaves extract in fabrication of nanoparticles of various metals like silver, gold, zinc oxide, and copper oxide. Vitex negundo is evergreen, perennial shrub, belonging to family Verbenaceae. Its leaves are reported to contain several phytochemicals like iridoids, flavonoids, and their glycosides, terpenoids. In respective research attempts, these metallic nanoparticles were evaluated for one or more applications like anti-microbial activity and/or photocatalytic activity.

Conclusions
Use of V. negundo polar extract indicated involvement of its polar phytocompounds in reducing the metal source and stabilizing the nanoparticles. In conclusion, it could be noted that metal nanoparticles have better antimicrobial activity and photocatalytic potential over aqueous leaves extract.