bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Hyperbaric Nitrogen Narcosis on Cognitive Performance in Recreational air SCUBA Divers: An Auditory Event-related Brain Potentials Study
Authors: Karakaya Huseyin , Aksu Serkan , Egi Salih Murat , Aydin Salih , Uslu Atilla 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
The narcotic effect of hyperbaric nitrogen is most pronounced in air-breathing divers because it impairs diver’s cognitive and behavioral performance, and limits the depth of dive profiles. We aimed to investigate the cognitive effects of simulated (500 kPa) air environments in recreational SCUBA divers, revealed by auditory event-related potentials (AERPs).

Methods
A total of 18 healthy volunteer recreational air SCUBA divers participated in the study. AERPs were recorded in pre-dive, deep-dive, and post-dive sessions.

Results
False-positive score variables were found with significantly higher differences and longer reaction times of hits during deep-dive and post-dive than pre-dive sessions. Also, P3 amplitudes were significantly reduced and peak latencies were prolonged during both deep-dive and post-dive compared with pre-dive sessions.

Conclusion
We observed that nitrogen narcosis at 500 kPa pressure in the dry hyperbaric chamber has a mild-to-moderate negative effect on the cognitive performance of recreational air SCUBA divers, which threatened the safety of diving. Although relatively decreased, this effect also continued in the post-dive sessions. These negative effects are especially important for divers engaged in open-sea diving. Our results show crucial implications for the kinds of control measures that can help to prevent nitrogen narcosis and diving accidents at depths up to 40 msw.
A study of leaf-senescence genes in rice based on a combination of genomics, proteomics and bioinformatics
Authors: Xiong Erhui , Li Zhiyong , Zhang Chen , Zhang Jing , Liu Ye , Peng Ting , Chen Zhen , Zhao Quanzhi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLeaf senescence is a highly complex, genetically regulated and well-ordered process with multiple layers and pathways. Delaying leaf senescence would help increase grain yields in rice. Over the past 15 years, more than 100 rice leaf-senescence genes have been cloned, greatly improving the understanding of leaf senescence in rice. Systematically elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf senescence will provide breeders with new tools/options for improving many important agronomic traits. In this study, we summarized recent reports on 125 rice leaf-senescence genes, providing an overview of the research progress in this field by analyzing the subcellular localizations, molecular functions and the relationship of them. These data showed that chlorophyll synthesis and degradation, chloroplast development, abscisic acid pathway, jasmonic acid pathway, nitrogen assimilation and ROS play an important role in regulating the leaf senescence in rice. Furthermore, we predicted and analyzed the proteins that interact with leaf-senescence proteins and achieved a more profound understanding of the molecular principles underlying the regulatory mechanisms by which leaf senescence occurs, thus providing new insights for future investigations of leaf senescence in rice.
ITP-Pred: an interpretable method for predicting, therapeutic peptides with fused features low-dimension representation
Authors: Cai Lijun , Wang Li , Fu Xiangzheng , Xia Chenxing , Zeng Xiangxiang , Zou Quan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe peptide therapeutics market is providing new opportunities for the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, identifying therapeutic peptides and exploring their properties are important. Although several studies have proposed different machine learning methods to predict peptides as being therapeutic peptides, most do not explain the decision factors of model in detail. In this work, an Interpretable Therapeutic Peptide Prediction (ITP-Pred) model based on efficient feature fusion was developed. First, we proposed three kinds of feature descriptors based on sequence and physicochemical property encoded, namely amino acid composition (AAC), group AAC and coding autocorrelation, and concatenated them to obtain the feature representation of therapeutic peptide. Then, we input it into the CNN-Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model to automatically learn recognition of therapeutic peptides. The cross-validation and independent verification experiments results indicated that ITP-Pred has a higher prediction performance on the benchmark dataset than other comparison methods. Finally, we analyzed the output of the model from two aspects: sequence order and physical and chemical properties, mining important features as guidance for the design of better models that can complement existing methods.
Dynamics of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation
Authors: Furlan Mattia , de Pretis Stefano , Pelizzola Mattia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDespite gene expression programs being notoriously complex, RNA abundance is usually assumed as a proxy for transcriptional activity. Recently developed approaches, able to disentangle transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory processes, have revealed a more complex scenario. It is now possible to work out how synthesis, processing and degradation kinetic rates collectively determine the abundance of each gene’s RNA. It has become clear that the same transcriptional output can correspond to different combinations of the kinetic rates. This underscores the fact that markedly different modes of gene expression regulation exist, each with profound effects on a gene’s ability to modulate its own expression. This review describes the development of the experimental and computational approaches, including RNA metabolic labeling and mathematical modeling, that have been disclosing the mechanisms underlying complex transcriptional programs. Current limitations and future perspectives in the field are also discussed.
Identification of Presymptomatic and Asymptomatic Cases Using Cohort-Based Testing Approaches at a Large Correctional Facility—Chicago, Illinois, USA, May 2020
Authors: Wadhwa Ashutosh , Fisher Kiva A , Silver Rachel , Koh Mitsuki , Arons Melissa M , Miller David A , McIntyre Anne F , Vuong Jeni T , Kim Kaylee , Takamiya Mayuko , Binder Alison M , Tate Jacqueline E , Armstrong Paige A , Black Stephanie R , Mennella Connie C , Levin Rebecca , Gubser Jane , Jones Bridgette , Welbel Sharon F , Moonan Patrick K , Curran Kathryn , Ghinai Isaac , Doshi Reena , Zawitz Chad J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Correctional and detention facilities are at high risk of experiencing outbreaks. We aimed to evaluate cohort-based testing among detained persons exposed to laboratory-confirmed cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in order to identify presymptomatic and asymptomatic cases.

Methods
During 1–19 May 2020, 2 testing strategies were implemented in 12 tiers or housing units of the Cook County Jail, Chicago, Illinois. Detained persons were approached to participate in serial testing (n = 137) and offered tests at 3 time points over 14 days (day 1, days 3–5, and days 13–14). The second group was offered a single test and interview at the end of a 14-day quarantine period (day 14 group) (n = 87).

Results
224 detained persons were approached for participation and, of these, 194 (87%) participated in ≥1 interview and 172 (77%) had ≥1 test. Of the 172 tested, 19 were positive for SARS-CoV-2. In the serial testing group, 17 (89%) new cases were detected, 16 (84%) on day 1, 1 (5%) on days 3–5, and none on days 13–14; in the day 14 group, 2 (11%) cases were identified. More than half (12/19; 63%) of the newly identified cases were presymptomatic or asymptomatic.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight the utility of cohort-based testing promptly after initiating quarantine within a housing tier. Cohort-based testing efforts identified new SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic and presymptomatic infections that may have been missed by symptom screening alone.
Negligible hormonal response following dehorning in free-ranging white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)
Authors: Penny Samuel G , White Rachel L , MacTavish Lynne , Scott Dawn M , Pernetta Angelo P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) is experiencing unsustainable poaching losses fuelled by a demand for horn. Increasingly, private and state reserves are dehorning their rhinoceros populations in an attempt to reduce poaching pressure. Rhinoceroses use their horns in social interactions as well as during resource access and so its partial removal as part of reserve management practices may adversely influence these behaviours. Physiological stress can correlate with animal welfare, reproductive state and health and thus acts as a useful indicator of these parameters. To establish whether dehorning causes a physiological stress response, glucocorticoid and gonadal steroid profiles of free-ranging white rhinoceroses were determined through the collection and analysis of faecal steroid metabolites before and after dehorning. Faecal corticoid profiles were not influenced by the number of occasions a rhinoceros had been dehorned or by the number of days that had elapsed since dehorning. Furthermore, there was no apparent suppression in the concentrations of testosterone or progesterone metabolites in males and females, respectively, after exposure to multiple dehorning procedures. These findings should increase wildlife managers’ confidence that dehorning does not negatively impact white rhinoceros physiology as measured hormonally.
Merwin’s Ecopoetic Conservancy
Authors: Festa Thomas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMerwin’s efforts to conserve Earth help us understand his recuperation of poetic form in the later poetry. After deploying traditional poetic devices such as meter and rhyme to voice the ideology he opposed in his middle period, Merwin came to renew traditional form to echo his commitment to preindustrial human symbiosis with the environment—an indigenous consilience. Merwin understood literary adaptation through translation as rooted in a selfless ethics of stewardship. In this renewal, Merwin was never sanguine about salvation through traditional forms of writing or living but remained elegiac in his love and care for what is disappearing from our ecosystems.
Ractopamine-induced fiber type-specific gene expression in porcine skeletal muscles is independent of growth
Authors: Gunawan Andrea M , Yen Con-Ning , Richert Brian T , Schinckel Allan P , Grant Alan L , Gerrard David E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Feeding ractopamine (RAC), a β-adrenergic agonist (BAA), to pigs increases type IIB muscle fiber type-specific protein and mRNA expression. However, increases in the abundance of these fast-twitch fiber types occur with other forms of muscle hypertrophy and thus BAA-induced changes in myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition may simply be associated with increased muscle growth known to occur in response to BAA feeding. The objective of this study was to determine whether RAC feeding could change the MyHC gene expression in the absence of maximal muscle growth. Pigs were fed either an adequate diet that supported maximal muscle hypertrophy or a low nutrient diet that limited muscle growth. RAC was included in diets at 0 or 20 mg/kg for 1, 2, or 4 wk. Backfat depth was less (P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed the low nutrient diet compared with the adequate diet but was not affected by RAC. Loin eye area was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed an adequate diet plus RAC at 1 wk but did not differ among remaining pigs. At 2 and 4 wk, however, pigs fed the adequate diet had greater loin eye areas (P &lt; 0.05) than pigs fed the low nutrient diet regardless of RAC feeding. Gene expression of the MyHC isoforms, I, IIA, IIX, and IIB, as well as glycogen synthase, citrate synthase, β 1-adrenergic receptor (AR), and β 2-AR were determined in longissimus dorsi (LD) and red (RST) and white (WST) portions of the semitendinosus muscles. MyHC type I gene expression was not altered by RAC or diet. Feeding RAC decreased (P &lt; 0.01) MyHC type IIA gene expression in all muscles, but to a greater extent in WST and LD. MyHC type IIX gene expression was lower (P &lt; 0.05) in WST and LD muscles in response to RAC but was not altered in RST muscles. RAC increased (P &lt; 0.05) MyHC type IIB gene expression in all muscles, but to a greater extent in RST. β 1-AR gene expression was unaffected by RAC or diet, whereas the expression of the β 2-AR gene was decreased (P &lt; 0.001) by RAC. No significant RAC * diet interactions were observed in gene expression in this study, indicating that RAC altered MyHC and β 2-AR gene expression in porcine skeletal muscles independent of growth.
Radical neck dissection with advancement flap in advanced papillary thyroid cancer: a therapeutic option
Authors: Guachilema Ribadeneira Alex Paul , García Cristhian Ramiro , Basantes Andrea Daniela 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Papillary thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common TC subtype with a global incidence of 80–90% and an annual rate of increase of 5% in the last ten years.
Papillary TC has the peculiar tendency to spread to the central and lateral lymph nodes (LNs) of the neck, and recurrence occurs in 60–75% of cases. The most affected site is the central compartment.
Total thyroidectomy with radical dissection achieved the best results for differentiated TC with LN involvement, with a complication rate of 6%.
Classic radical dissection is an effective surgical approach when performed by experienced surgeons in cases in which there is a good knowledge of local anatomy, decreasing recurrence and improving survival.
Silylamido supported dinitrogen heterobimetallic complexes: syntheses and their catalytic ability
Authors: Zhai Dan-dan , Xie Si-jun , Xia Yi , Fang Hua-yi , Shi Zhang-jie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Molybdenum dinitrogen complexes supported by monodentate arylsilylamido ligand, [Ar(Me3Si)N]3MoN2Mg(THF)2[N(SiMe3)Ar] (5) and [Ar(Me3Si)N]3MoN2SiMe3 (6) (Ar = 3,5-Me2C6H3) were synthesized and structurally characterized, and proved to be effective catalysts for the disproportionation of cyclohexadienes and isomerization of terminal alkenes. The 1H NMR spectrum suggested that the bridging nitrogen ligand remains intact during the catalytic reaction, indicating possible catalytic ability of the Mo-N=N motif.
A Categorified Excision Principle for Elliptic Symbol Families
Authors: Upmeier Markus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe develop a categorical index calculus for elliptic symbol families. The categorified index problems we consider are a secondary version of the traditional problem of expressing the index class in K-theory in terms of differential-topological data. They include orientation problems for moduli spaces as well as similar problems for skew-adjoint and self-adjoint operators. The main result of this paper is an excision principle that allows the comparison of categorified index problems on different manifolds. Excision is a powerful technique for actually solving the orientation problem; applications will appear in companion papers Joyce–Tanaka–Upmeier [16], Joyce–Upmeier [17] and Cao–Gross–Joyce [8].
A Conserved Oomycete CRN Effector Targets Tomato TCP14-2 to Enhance Virulence
Authors: Stam Remco , Motion Graham B. , Martinez-Heredia Victor , Boevink Petra C. , Huitema Edgar 
Published: December 2020

Phytophthora spp. secrete vast arrays of effector molecules during infection to aid in host colonization. The crinkling and necrosis (CRN) protein family forms an extensive repertoire of candidate effectors that accumulate in the host nucleus to perturb processes required for immunity. Here, we show that CRN12_997 from Phytophthora capsici binds a TCP transcription factor, SlTCP14-2, to inhibit its immunity-associated activity against Phytophthora spp. Coimmunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation studies confirm a specific CRN12_997-SlTCP14-2 interaction in vivo. Coexpression of CRN12_997 specifically counteracts the TCP14-enhanced immunity phenotype, suggesting that CRN mediated perturbation of SlTCP14-2 function. We show that SlTCP14-2 associates with nuclear chromatin and that CRN12_997 diminishes SlTCP14-2 DNA binding. Collectively, our data support a model in which SlTCP14-2 associates with chromatin to enhance immunity. The interaction between CRN12_997 and SlTCP14-2 reduces DNA binding of the immune regulator. We propose that the modulation of SlTCP14-2 chromatin affinity, caused by CRN12-997, enhances susceptibility to P. capsici. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Cybersecurity threats to cardiac implantable devices: room for improvement
Authors: Tomaiko Emrie , Zawaneh Michael S. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
For over a decade, vulnerabilities in the healthcare industry have been identified. Medical devices such as cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are particularly concerning because of direct threats to patient safety and protected health information (PHI). Although these vulnerabilities have been identified and changes have been made, there is significant room for improvement. We identify changes and improvements to be made in the industry, by providers, and by patients.

Recent findings
Cybersecurity threats in cardiac implantable devices are legitimate concerns for patient safety and PHI. Changes to cybersecurity in these devices have been made, but are far from sufficient.

Summary
The number of CIEDs implanted worldwide are expected to increase over the next decade. As computer technology advances, cybersecurity threats will only continue to evolve and become more complex. The healthcare industry should seriously consider improvements to protect patients and providers.
Intranasal delivery of an antisense oligonucleotide to the RNA-binding protein HuR relieves nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain
Authors: Borgonetti Vittoria , Galeotti Nicoletta 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Neuropathic pain remains an undertreated condition and there is a medical need to develop effective treatments. Accumulating evidence indicates that posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression is involved in neuropathic pain; however, RNA processing is not clearly investigated. Our study investigated the role of HuR, an RNA binding protein, in promoting neuropathic pain and trauma-induced microglia activation in the spared nerve injury mouse model. To this aim, an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) knockdown of HuR gene expression was used. Antisense oligonucleotides poorly cross the blood–brain barrier and an intranasal (i.n.) administration was used to achieve central nervous system penetration through a noninvasive delivery. The efficacy of i.n. ASO administration was compared to an intrathecal (i.t.) delivery. I.n. administered ASO reduced spinal HuR protein and relieved pain hypersensitivity with a similar efficacy to i.t. administration. Immunofluorescence studies showed that HuR was expressed in activated microglia, colocalized with p38 and, partially, with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 within the spinal cord dorsal horn. An anti-HuR ASO inhibited the activation of spinal microglia by reducing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase, the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and suppressed the spared nerve injury–induced overphosphorylation of spinal p38, ERK1/2 and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK)-1. In addition, HuR silencing increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, promoting the shift of microglial M1 to M2 phenotype. Targeting HuR by i.n. anti-HuR ASO might represent a noninvasive promising perspective for neuropathic pain management by its powerful inhibition of microglia-mediated spinal neuroinflammation and promotion of an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotectant response.
Dissecting signalling hierarchies in the patterning of the mouse primitive streak using micro-patterned EpiLC colonies
Authors: Plouhinec Jean-Louis , Vieira Mathieu , Simon Gaël , Collignon Jérôme , Sorre Benoit 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMolecular embryology studies have established that the patterning of the gastrula-stage mouse embryo is dependent on a regulatory network where the WNT, BMP and NODAL signalling pathways cooperate. Still, important aspects of their respective contributions to this process remain unclear. Here, studying their impact on the spatial organization and the developmental trajectories of micro-patterned Epiblast Like Cells (EpiLC) colonies, we show that when BMP is present, it dominates NODAL and WNT and imposes a posterior character to the colonies differentiation. However, the use of twoNodalmutant cell lines allowed us to show that prior to BMP action, NODAL is required to establish the mesendodermal lineage. The fact that mutant phenotypes were more severein vitrothanin vivosuggests that embryonic phenotypes are partially rescued by ligands of extra-embryonic or maternal origin. Our work demonstrates the complementarity of micro-patterned EpiLC colonies to embryological approaches.
Exploring the green purchasing behavior of young generation in Pakistan: opportunities for green entrepreneurship
Authors: Soomro Raheem Bux , Mirani Irfan Ali , Sajid Ali Mirani , Marvi Soomro 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the impact of green purchasing behavior (GPB) of a young generation in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected from students of different colleges affiliated with Shah Abdul Latif University from Sukkur and Larkana regions of Upper Sindh. A total of 400 questionnaires were administrated among students and 361 completed questionnaires were returned. A pen-and-paper method was applied to collect the data.FindingsModel 1 revels that interpersonal influence and environmental knowledge were found positively related to GPB, whereas media and price were found positively but insignificantly related to GPB. Lastly, trust in green products was also found negatively and insignificantly related with GPB. Model 2 was used to test the moderating impact of price on the relationship between EA and GPB.Practical implicationsTo promote GPB, government can play significant role by sponsoring environmental campaigns and environmental culture and these campaigns may include broadcasting promotional messages, distributing leaflets with utility bills, speeches in schools and colleges and advertisements with the help of printing and electronic sources.Originality/valueRegarding green food purchase, this study’s results contribute to the literature by providing some theoretical contributions in literature. Green purchasing is so far a very new notion in Pakistan and therefore, literature on promotion of GPB is still lacking in the said country.