bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation and Simulation of Flood Inundation Hazard in Urban Areas in Iran
Authors: Khalaj Mohammad Rostami , Noor Hamzeh , Dastranj Ali 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Extensive impervious area and the man-made streams are the characteristics of urban areas. In recent years, rapid urbanization has led to change of rural areas into urban areas, and urban runoff will increase as the result of spread and growth of impervious areas. Land use changes, increasing urbanization, unauthorized construction, inefficiency of sewage system and increased impervious surface in urban areas have significant impacts on inundation hazard. Therefore, to manage urban areas and prioritize regions to inundation elimination problems, the area most affected by inundation should be determined. In this study, the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is used to simulate the rainfall-runoff in the study area. The simulated runoff in the SWMM model is used as input to the HEC-RAS model and determines inundation hazard zones for 5, 25 and 50 return periods. Then, six factors such as distance from the main channel, slope, land use, drainage density, the main channel slope and elevation were selected to determine inundation hazard map using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results showed that the combined model (SWMM and HEC-RAS) was suitable to analyze urban inundation and determine inundation hazard zones on urban areas. Simulated results can be used to develop urban inundation hazard forecasts. In addition, the result of inundation hazard map indicates that 8.2 percent of the case study is determined as a high hazard zone.
Fighting the Bite during Pandemics: Florida Mosquito Control District Capabilities during the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Moise Imelda K , Whittingham Lola R. , Clark Marah , Omachonu Vincent , Xue Rui-De 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The national wide lockdown order imposed in early April 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak has complicated mosquito control activities across the United States (US), and Florida is no exception. Mosquito control districts and public health programs are the first line of defense against mosquitoes-borne pathogens in the state of Florida. The purpose of study is to understand how the COVID-19 outbreak has impact the capabilities of mosquito programs to implement key mosquito measures to mitigate emergence and/or re-emergence of arthropod-borne arboviral diseases.
Methods
In a self-administered online survey, we examined capabilities of all Florida mosquito control programs during the COVID-19 outbreak (both state-approved mosquito districts (N = 63) and public health programs (N = 27). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize information about characteristics of responding mosquito control districts and programs, implemented mosquito control and surveillance activities. We used Bivariate analysis to compare the characteristics of responding mosquito control districts and programs and the self-reported mosquito measures.
Results
Of the recruited programs, 77 completed the survey (85.6% response rate; 77/90). Of the responding programs, 57.5% (n = 42) were Board of County Commissioners (BOCC) programs, 21.9% (n = 16) were independent tax districts, 13.7% (n = 10) were municipal programs, and only 6.8% (n = 5) were either health or emergency departments. Except for arbovirus surveillance, most programs either fully or partially performed larval (61.8%) and adult (78.9%) surveillance; and for Aedes aegypti (71.9%, n = 46), Aedes albopictus (85.9%, n = 55), Culex quinquefasciatus (88.2%, n = 60), and Culex nigripalpus (90.5%, n = 57).
Conclusions
Findings underscore the importance of ongoing mosquito control activities and suggests that Florida mosquito control programs are vigilant and have significant capability to handle potential mosquito-borne disease threats, but arbovirus surveillance systems -- laboratory testing of mosquito pools and testing of human and nonhuman specimens for arboviruses are needed during pandemics as well.
Observation of Kondo hybridization with an orbital-selective Mott phase in 4d Ca2-xSrxRuO4
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Kwon Junyoung , Kim Choong H. , Chung Daun , Kim Younsik , Ryu Hanyoung , Jung Jongkeun , Kim Beom Seo , Song Dongjoon , Denlinger Jonathan , Han Moonsup , Yoshida Yoshiyuki , Mizokawa Takashi , Kyung Wonshik , Kim Changyoung 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The heavy fermion state with Kondo-hybridization (KH), usually manifested in f-electron systems with lanthanide or actinide elements, was recently discovered in several 3d transition metal compounds without f-electrons. However, KH has not yet been observed in 4d/5d transition metal compounds, since more extended 4d/5d orbitals do not usually form flat bands that supply localized electrons appropriate for Kondo pairing. Here, we report a doping- and temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission study on 4d Ca2-xSrxRuO4, which shows the signature of KH. We observed a spectral weight transfer in the γ-band, reminiscent of an orbital-selective Mott phase (OSMP). The Mott localized γ-band induces the KH with an itinerant β-band, resulting in spectral weight suppression around the Fermi level. Our work is the first to demonstrate the evolution of the OSMP with possible KH among 4d electrons, and thereby expands the material boundary of Kondo physics to 4d multi-orbital systems.
Cerebral astroblastoma with oligodendroglial-like cells：A case report
Authors: Gu Jian , Yu Juan-Han , Xu Hongtao , Li Qingchang , Qiu Xueshan , Wang Enhua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Astroblastoma is a rare tumor of the central nervous system, with unclear biological behavior and origin. Its histopathological features have been well established. However, to the best of our knowledge, astroblastoma with oligodendroglial-like cells have not been reported. Case presentation: Herein, we reported a case of astroblastoma with atypical pathological features. A 15-year-old girl presented with nausea, vomiting, headache and visual disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large neoplasm in the left temporal lobe. Histologically, the tumor showed solid and pseudopapillary structure. The tumor cells were radially arranged around blood vessels, with a single, prominent process, and as astroblastic pseudorosettes. More importantly, typical oligodendroglial-like cells were observed. In addition to membrane staining for EMA, immunohistochemical staining also showed that the tumor cells were positive for GFAP and Vimentin. The oligodendroglial-like cells were positive for GFAP, Vimentin, and Olig-2. The Ki-67 labeling index was about 4%. Sequencing for IDH1 codon 132 and IDH2 codon 172 gene mutations showed negative results. Furthermore, fluorescent analysis revealed neither 1p nor 19q deletion in the lesion. Based on these findings, the tumor was finally diagnosed as astroblastoma. Conclusions: Herein, we reported an extremely rare case of astroblastoma, which was morphologically characterized by the appearance of oligodendroglial-like cells.
Early visual quality outcomes after small-incision lenticule extraction surgery for correcting high myopic astigmatism
Authors: Hou Xiangtao , Wu Xiaoying , Du Kaixuan , Wen Dan , Hu Shengfa , Hu Tu , Li Chenling , Tang Yanhui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate early optical quality outcomes after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery for correcting high myopic astigmatism.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 55 eyes from 37 patients who had preoperative myopic astigmatism of ≥2.00 diopters (D) who had been treated with SMILE surgery. Preoperatively, the mean cylinder was -2.41 ± 0.54 D (range, -2.00 D to -4.50 D). The preoperative and postoperative visual outcomes, refraction, and higher-order aberration (HOA) at 1 and 3 months were compared. Refractive astigmatism changes were analyzed by the Alpins vector method.Results: Three months after SMILE surgery, the average cylinder was -0.14 ± 0.31 D, and the average astigmatism vector was -0.09 D × 6.34°. The angle of error (AofE) was limited to within ±10°, and the magnitude of error was limited to within ±1.0 D in all patients. The correction index (CI) was 0.98 ± 0.07, the index of success (IOS) was 0.08 ± 0.13, and the flattening index (FI) was 0.97 ± 0.07. Significant positive correlations were found between IOS and |AofE| (P = 0.000); negative correlations were found between FI and |AofE| (P = 0.000). The postoperative total HOA, spherical aberration, vertical coma aberration, and trefoil 30° were increased significantly compared with preoperative measurements, and the increase in HOA was closely related to preoperative astigmatism (P < 0.05).Conclusions: SMILE has preferable outcomes for correcting high myopic astigmatism. Axis rotation during the surgery might influence the undercorrection of astigmatism. The increase of HOA after surgery is related to preoperative astigmatism.
The Analysis in the Burden of Lung Cancer Attributable to PM2.5 Exposure in China
Authors: wu xiaomei , Zhu Bo , Zhou Jin , Bi Yifei , Xu Shuang , Zhou Baosen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective Air pollution is the major contributor of lung cancer mortality, we want to analyze the long-term trends and the differences in lung cancer burden attributable to PM2.5 exposure between ambient air pollution and household air pollution.Methods The indicators (mortality rate, disability-adjusted life years rate, years lived with disability rate, and years of life lost rate) of lung cancer burden were obtained from GBD 2017. The joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess the magnitude and direction of trends from 1990 to 2017, and the age-period-cohort method was used to analyze the temporal trends of the indicators of lung cancer by age, period, and cohort.Results The age-standardized indicators showed an upward trend in ambient PM2.5 exposure (APE) and a downward trend in household PM2.5 exposure (HPE). The overall net drifts per year were above zero for APE and below zero for HPE, and the local drift values in APE and HPE increased by age groups. For the longitudinal age curves, the indicators of lung cancer burden for younger in APE or HPE were in a low level, and significantly increased from 45-49 age group to 90-94 age group. For the period RRs, the indicators of lung cancer burden in APE increased from 1990 to 2017, but decreased in HPE from 1990 to 2017. For the cohort RRs, the indicators of lung cancer burden in APE was on the upward trend before 1965, and fluctuated after from 1970 to 1990. The indicators of lung cancer burden in HPE was on the downward trend.Conclusions For lung cancer attributable to air pollution, China had changed from household air pollution to ambient air pollution. PM2.5 exposure had more harmful in male and older people. Ambient air pollution should be emphasized, China should strengthen implementation of effective public policies and other interventions.
The htrA Gene Plays an Important role During Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis Growth at High Temperature
Authors: Garduño Elena Escobar , Urzua Lucia Soto , Sotres Rogelio Rodriguez , Morales Luis Javier Martinez 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
htrA is a gene coding for the stress inducible HtrA protein, identified as a temperature stress response protein in several Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Growth rates at several temperatures (30ºC, 37ºC and 42ºC) were compared for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis YPIII wild strain and the isogenic mutant 1YPIII (htrA::Km), which was obtained by insertion of a kanamycin resistance cassette into the htrA gene.Y. pseudotuberculosis 1YPIII growth rates did not differ from the Y. pseudotuberculosis wild strain growth rates when cultivated at 30°C, which is consistent with a non-essential role for the HtrA protein at this temperature. However, 1YPIII mutant strain growth rate decreased by 18.73% at 37°C, and by 60.14% at 42°C, as compared to the Y. pseudotuberculosis YPIII wild strain growth rate. HtrA complementation in the strain 1YPIII/pAHTRA46 suppressed the differences in growth rates. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the absence of the HtrA protein in the 1YPIII mutant strain at any of the growth temperatures under analysis. In silico predictions were obtained for the three-dimensional structure of amino acid sequence belonging to HtrA from Y. pseudotuberculosis YPIII, Yersinia pestis CO92, using the protein data bank structure 1KY9:B from Escherichia coli, as template. The model's quality was found to be acceptable. Southern blot analysis shows a single htrA gene signal. These data indicate that the unique htrA gene in Y. pseudotuberculosis YPIII is required for the adaptive response of this species to high temperatures and although it is not a pathogenicity factor, it can be targeted by antibiotics.
Impact of Experienced HIV Stigma on Health is Mediated by Internalized Stigma and Depression: Results From the People Living With HIV Stigma Index in Ontario
Authors: Tian Jason Lo Hog , Watson James R , Ibáñez-Carrasco Francisco , Tran Billy , Parsons Janet A , Maunder Robert G , Card Kiffer G , Baral Stefan , Hui Christian , Boni Anthony R , Ajiboye Monisola , Lindsay Joanne D , Rourke Sean B 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Experiences of HIV stigma remain prevalent across Canada, causing significant stress and negatively affecting the health and wellbeing of people living with HIV. While studies have consistently demonstrated that stigma negatively impacts health, there has been limited research on the mechanisms behind these effects. This study aims to identify which dimensions of stigma have significant relationships with self-rated health and examine the mechanisms by which those types of stigma impact self-rated health and by extension, key real-life health outcomes.Methods: We recruited 724 participants to complete the People Living with HIV Stigma Index in Ontario, designed by people living with HIV to measure nuanced changes in stigma and discrimination. The present study utilizes data from externally validated measures of stigma and health risks that were included in the survey. First, we conducted multiple regression analyses to examine which variables had a significant impact on self-rated health. Results from the multiple regression guided the mediation analysis. A parallel mediation model was created with enacted stigma as the antecedent, internalized stigma and depression as the mediators, and self-rated health as the outcome. Results: In the multiple regression analysis, internalized stigma (coefficient = -0.20, p<0.01) and depression (coefficient = -0.07, p<0.01) were both significant and independent predictors of health. We found through mediation analyses that the relationship between enacted stigma and self-rated health is mediated in parallel by both internalized stigma [coefficient = -0.08, se = 0.03, 95% CI (-0.14, -0.02)] and depression [coefficient = -0.16, se = 0.03, 95% CI (-0.22, -0.11)].Conclusions: We developed a mediation model to explain how HIV stigma negatively impacts health. We found that that experiences of prejudice or discrimination (enacted stigma) can lead to internalization of negative thoughts regarding one’s HIV status (internalized stigma) and/or increased depressive symptoms which then may lead to worse overall health. Highlighting the importance of internalized stigma and depression has the potential to shape the development of targeted intervention strategies aimed at reducing the burden of stigma and improving the health and wellbeing of people living with HIV.
How does Strong Interaction create
Authors: Yin Rui , Yin Ming , Wang Yang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Our experiment shows that the electrons at fixed place can exert both repulsion and attraction to the negative charges in the same time but at two sides of a boundary called critical radius, where the linear velocity of the electrons’ precession is equal to light speed. This is an uncovered natural law called Critical Cylindrical Effect (CCE) deduced from rotational relativity and proved by the experiments made in our lab. Ten screenshots of the experimental video are given in this paper. This experimental result denotes that both Coulomb’s law and the spin theory of quantum mechanics are incomplete. As an application of CCE, the strong interaction between two protons in nucleus is introduced. It just is the electromagnetic interaction suffered from CCEs of spin and precession.
Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Associated With COVID-19
Authors: Shahbaznejad Leila , Navaifar Mohammad Reza , Abbaskhanian Ali , Hosseinzadeh Fatemeh , Rezai Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Although symptoms and signs of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) in children are milder than adults, there are reports of more severe cases which was defined as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS). The purpose of this report is to describe possible association between COVID-19 and PIMS in children. Methods: From 28 March to 24 June 2020, 10 febrile children were admitted with COVID-19 infection showing characteristics of PIMS in a tertiary hospital in the north of Iran. Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging findings and therapeutic modalities were recorded and analysed. Results: The mean age of patients was 5.37±3.9 years (13 months to 12 years). Six of them were boy. Kawasaki disease, myocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, appendicitis, sepsis, urosepsis, prolonged febrile seizure, acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy, and COVID-19-related pneumonia were their first impression. All of them had increased C-reactive protein level and most of them had an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, lymphopenia, anemia, and hypoalbuminemia. Some of them had thrombocytopenia. Six of them were serologically or polymerase chain reaction positive for COVID-19, and 4 of them were diagnosed as COVID-19 just by chest computed tomography scan. Most of the patients improved without a residual sequel, except one who died with multiorgan failure and another case discharged with a giant coronary aneurysm.Conclusion: Children with COVID-19 may present symptoms similar to Kawasaki disease and inflammatory syndromes. PIMS should be considered in children with fever and rash, seizure, cough, tachypnea, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
Emotional Eating in Adults: the Role of Socio-demographics, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Self-regulation- Findings From a US National Study
Authors: Barak Roni Elran , Shuval Kerem , Li Qing , Oetjen Reid , Drope Jeffrey , Yaroch Amy L. , Fennis Bob M. , Harding Matthew 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Emotional eating, the tendency to overeat in response to negative emotions, has often been linked to weight gain. However, scant evidence exists examining prevalence and correlates of emotional eating among large samples of adults in the United States (US). Hence, we examine the relationship between individual and socio-economic factors, health behaviors, and self-regulation to emotional eating patterns among US adults. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 5,863 Family Health Habits Survey participants. Multivariable ordered logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between the frequency of the desire to eat when emotionally upset (never, rarely, sometimes, often, and very often) to the independent variables. Results: Analysis reveals that 20.5% of the sample tended to emotionally eat often or very often. Being female, non-Hispanic white, and of younger age were all related to a higher likelihood of emotional eating. Additionally, inability to delay gratification (impatience) was related to an 18% increased likelihood (95%CI 1.05-1.33) for emotional eating. Finally, emotional eating was significantly related to more frequent fast food consumption, and increased alcohol intake. Conclusions: Program planners might need to develop targeted interventions aimed at enhancing emotional regulation skills while addressing these less healthful behaviors (e.g., fast-food intake) with the ultimate goal of obesity and chronic disease prevention. To examine the relationship between individual and socio-economic factors, health behaviors, and self-regulation to emotional eating patterns among adults.
WITHDRAWN: Pilot Evaluation of Obesity-Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Following a 12-Week Non-Randomized Lifestyle Intervention in Youth
Authors: Randhawa Sukhbir , Randhawa Navkiran , Hassanin Es-Haq , Yi-Frazier Joyce , Early Kathaleen Briggs 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Youth health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was measured before and after a 12-week family and community-based intervention using the obesity-specific HRQOL tool, Sizing Me Up©. This project enrolled 68 youth (10.88 years ± 2 years; 54% male; 50% non-Hispanic white). In addition to total QOL, we used paired t-tests to examine the Sizing Me Up sub-scales: Emotion Physical, Social Avoidance, Positive Attributes and Teasing. A greater reduction in change score indicated a larger increase in quality of life sub-scale. Significant improvements from baseline to follow-up were found in the total HRQOL (mean change = -5.27, SD 10.76, p=0.00) and for the sub-scores of: emotion (mean change = -8.06, SD 16.85, p≤0.000) and teasing-related QOL (mean change = -5.65, SD16.79, p = 0.01). Social avoidance attributes improved between baseline and follow-up (mean change = -3.92, SD11.21, p=0.007). The Sizing Me Up© instrument detected significant and positive changes in quality of life after the intervention. Sizing Me Up© could provide a clinically meaningful tracking of quality of life among youth with obesity.
Validation of Extreme Ultraviolet Emission Spectra During Solar Flares&nbsp;
Authors: Nishimoto Shohei , Watanabe Kyoko , Kawai Toshiki , Imada Shinsuke , Kawate Tomoko 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
X-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emissions from solar flares rapidly change the physical composition of the Earth’s thermosphere and ionosphere, thereby causing space weather phenomena such as communication failures. To predict the effects of flare emissions on the Earth’s upper atmosphere, numerous empirical and physical models have been developed. We verify the extent of reproducing the flare emission spectra using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic calculation and the CHIANTI atomic database. To verify the proposed model, we use the observed EUV spectra obtained by the extreme ultraviolet variability (EVE) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). We examined the “EUV flare time-integrated irradiance” and “EUV flare line rise time” of the EUV emissions for 21 events by comparing the calculation results of the proposed model and observed EUV spectral data. The proposed model succeeded in reproducing the EUV flare time-integrated irradiance of the Fe VIII 131 Å, Fe XVIII 94 Å, and Fe XX 133 Å, as well as the 55 to 355 Å and 55 to 135 Å bands. For the EUV flare line rise time, there was acceptable correlation between the proposed model estimations and observations for all Fe flare emission lines. These results demonstrate that the proposed model can reproduce the EUV flare emission spectra from the emitting plasma with relatively high formation temperature. This indicates that the physics-based model is effective for the accurate reproduction of EUV spectral flux.