bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computation of Economic Feasibility of Brinjal and Palak Intercropping System
Authors: Kumar Sangeet , Dhankhar S. K. , Chauhan Ajay , Kumar Rajesh , Kumar Sunil 
Published: April 2020

Aim/Objective: To evaluate the economic feasibility of brinjal–palak intercropping system.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2016-17.
Methodology: Experiment comprised of 11 treatments with three replications of palak (20 x 5 cm) as intercrop with brinjal (60 x 60 cm) and paired row brinjal (30/60 x 60 cm).
Results and Discussion: Brinjal + palak (single row) gave the highest production efficiency (532.3 kg/days), net returns (Rs. 222652) and benefit to cost ratio (3.76) due to low cost of production, closely followed by paired row brinjal + palak (two rows). Paired row brinjal + palak (two rows) intercropping system also exhibited maximum gross returns (Rs. 304598), monetary advantage index (MAI) (Rs.139055), replacement value of intercropping (RVI) (2.47), relative value total (RVT) (3.79) and relative net return (RNR) (2.71). This may be attributed to additional advantage of intercrop yield and higher economic value of intercropping.
Conclusion: From farmer’s point of view, the treatment paired row brinjal + palak (two rows) was considered to be the most remunerative one among all the respective treatments due to its higher MAI, RVI and RNR.
Comparison between Immunochromatographic Test and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Gastritis Patients in Khartoum State-Sudan
Authors: Elgasim Omer Abu , Elmukashfi Salman Taha Ahmed , Mohammed Rayan Abdelwahid , Faroug Adil Elamin 
Published: April 2020

Background: The gold standard for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection requires an endoscopic biopsy of gastric mucosa for histological examination, urease test and culture; however serological tests are useful as a screening test for Helicobacter pylori infection.
Objective: To compare between Immunochromatographic Test and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay techniques in detection of Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin gamma antibodies in serum of patients suffer from gastritis.
Materials and Methods: 245 patients were screened for Helicobacter pylori infections by rapid urease test. Sera from these patients were tested for anti- Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin gamma antibodies by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunochromatographic Test techniques.
Results: Of 245 patients tested, Immunochromatographic Test positive/negative 114 (46.5%)/131 (53.5%), whereas Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay positive/negative were 124 (50.6%)/121 (49.4%). Sensitivity/ specificity was 67.4%/74.5% and 90.2%/89.3% for Immunochromatographic Test/Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay positive/negative, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was 71%/89.7% for Immunochromatographic Test/Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, respectively.
Conclusion: The Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique was found to be more sensitive, specific and accurate compared to the Immunochromatographic Test while The Immunochromatographic Test is commercially available, inexpensive and easy to perform compared to the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay.
Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with or without intrauterine insemination for the treatment of unexplained infertility
Authors: Gregoriou O. , Vitoratos N. , Papadias C. , Konidaris S. , Gargaropoulos A. , Louridas C. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate whether there are any benefits from intrauterine insemination (IUI) as opposed to timed intercourse (TI) in stimulated ovarian cycles in couples with longstanding, unexplained infertility. Methods: Forty‐six couples with diagnoses of unexplained infertility were evaluated in a crossover study after a total of 141 cycles. Sixty‐seven cycles were with IUI after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) while 74 cycles were after COH and TI. Results: The pregnancy rate after COH/TI was 16.7% and after COH/IUI 45.2%. Cycle fecundity however was 8.9% after COH/TI and 25.7% after COH/IUI, which is a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusions: A trial of human menopausal gonadotropin and IUI is justified in couples with prolonged infertility of unknown cause.
Colocalization of androgen, estrogen and cholinergic receptors on cultured astrocytes of rat central nervous system
Authors: Hösli Elisabeth , Jurasin K. , Rühl W. , Lüthy R. , Hösli L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBy means of immunohistochemical and electrophysiological methods, we have investigated the presence of androgen receptors on astrocytes in explant and primary cultures from various regions of rat central nervous system. Our studies have shown that a great number of astrocytes and neurones express androgen receptors as recognized by a specific monoclonal antibody. Immunoreactivity was mainly distributed over the soma of the astrocytes, the nuclei being intensely stained. In contrast, glial processes were only faintly stained or not stained. Double‐immunostaining studies have provided evidence for a colocalization of androgen and estrogen α‐ and β‐receptors on many astrocytes. Furthermore, there was also a coexistence of glial androgen receptors with cholinergic muscarinic and nicotinic sites. Our immunohistochemical findings are supported by electrophysiological investigations demonstrating that 5α‐androstan, 17β‐estradiol as well as the cholinergic agonists muscarine and nicotine caused hyperpolarizations on the same astrocytes. Our studies suggest that there is a coexistence of functional receptors for androgen, estrogen as well as for the cholinergic agonists on glial cells. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the physiological role of glial androgen, estrogen and cholinergic receptors and to define their function in neurodegenerative diseases.
Ultrafast and Stable Li‐(De)intercalation in a Large Single Crystal H‐Nb2O5 Anode via Optimizing the Homogeneity of Electron and Ion Transport
Authors: Song Zihan , Li Hui , Liu Wei , Zhang Hongzhang , Yan Jingwang , Tang Yongfu , Huang Jianyu , Zhang Huamin , Li Xianfeng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractExploring anode materials with fast, safe, and stable Li‐(de)intercalation is of great significance for developing next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries. Monoclinic H‐type niobium pentoxide possesses outstanding intrinsic fast Li‐(de)intercalation kinetics, high specific capacity, and safety; however, its practical rate capability and cycling stability are still limited, ascribed to the asynchronism of phase change throughout the crystals. Herein this problem is addressed by homogenizing the electron and Li‐ion conductivity surrounding the crystals. An amorphous N‐doped carbon layer is introduced on the micrometer single‐crystal H‐Nb2O5 particle to optimize the homogeneity of electron and Li‐ion transport. As a result, the as‐prepared H‐Nb2O5 exhibits high reversible capacity (>250 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1), unprecedented high‐rate performance (≈120 mAh g−1 at 16.0 A g−1) and excellent cycling stability (≈170 mAh g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 after 1000 cycles), which is by far the highest performance among the H‐Nb2O5 materials. The inherent principle is further confirmed via operando transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. A novel insight into the further development of electrode materials forlithium‐ion batteries is thus provided.
Broadband Near‐Infrared Garnet Phosphors with Near‐Unity Internal Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Basore Endale T. , Xiao Wenge , Liu Xiaofeng , Wu Jianhong , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCompact near‐infrared (NIR) light sources with broad emission band are essential to enable NIR spectroscopy compatible with portable devices, and phosphor‐converted light emitting diodes (pc‐LEDs) are efficient, low‐cost, and compact light sources. However, it is more challenging to develop highly efficient and thermally stable broadband NIR phosphors than conventional phosphors for white LEDs. Here, a series of solid solution phosphors with broadband NIR emission designed by cationic substitution in Cr3+ activated garnet Gd3Sc2Ga3O12 are reported. The internal quantum efficiency of Cr3+ emission can be significantly improved to nearly 100% via the substitution of ScO6 with smaller AlO6 octahedrons, which is attributed to the reduction of antisite defects. Moreover, the phosphor with optimized composition shows highly thermally stable emission, which renders the as‐fabricated pc‐LED with high‐power (750.8 mW) NIR emission covering the wavelength range of 700–1000 nm. The results could advance the development of NIR pc‐LEDs as high‐performance light sources for miniature NIR spectrometers.
Near‐infrared photometry of superthin edge‐on galaxies
Authors: Bizyaev Dmitry , Tatarnikov Andrey , Shatsky Nikolai , Najip Aurik , Birlak Marina , Voziakova Olga 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe perform near‐infrared photometry of a large sample of 49 superthin edge‐on galaxies. These galaxies are selected based on optical photometry because of high radial‐to‐vertical scale ratio in their stellar disks. The near infrared (NIR) H and K observations were conducted with the cryogenic‐cooled camera ASTRONIRCAM on the 2.5 m telescope at the Caucasus Mountain Observatory of Lomonosov Moscow State University. A majority of galaxies in our sample show comparable or better photometric depth than the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) optical images. We estimate the structural parameters of stellar disks in the galaxies and find that the NIR scale height of stellar disks is comparable to that estimated from the optical, SDSS g, r and i, whereas the H and K scale length of the stellar disks is significantly shorter than in the g, r, and i. We investigate if a realistic distribution of dust alone can explain the difference in the scale length and find that in the majority of the galaxies the radial variation of the stellar population is actually responsible for the color distribution. The latter suggests a younger age of the disks periphery, and the inside out building up of stellar disks in the superthin galaxies.
A Novel Eukaryote‐Like CRISPR Activation Tool in Bacteria: Features and Capabilities
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Baojun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) activation (CRISPRa) in bacteria is an attractive method for programmable gene activation. Recently, a eukaryote‐like, σ54‐dependent CRISPRa system has been reported. It exhibits high dynamic ranges and permits flexible target site selection. Here, an overview of the existing strategies of CRISPRa in bacteria is presented, and the characteristics and design principles of the CRISPRa system are introduced. Possible scenarios for applying the eukaryote‐like CRISPRa system is discussed with corresponding suggestions for performance optimization and future functional expansion. The authors envision the new eukaryote‐like CRISPRa system enabling novel designs in multiplexed gene regulation and promoting research in the σ54‐dependent gene regulatory networks among a variety of biotechnology relevant or disease‐associated bacterial species.
Optimizing data processing to improve the reproducibility of single‐subject functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Soltysik David A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionHigh reproducibility is critical for ensuring the confidence needed to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation maps for presurgical planning.MethodsIn this study, the comparison of different motion correction methods, spatial smoothing methods, regression methods, and thresholding methods was performed to see whether specific data processing methods can be employed to improve the reproducibility of single‐subject fMRI activation. Three test–retest metrics were used: the percent difference in activation volume (PDAV), the difference in the center of mass (DCM), and the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC).ResultsThe PDAV was minimized when using little or no spatial smoothing and AMPLE thresholding. The DCM was minimized when using affine motion correction and little or no spatial smoothing. The DSC was improved when using affine motion correction and generous spatial smoothing. However, it is believed that the overlap metric may be unsuitable for testing fMRI reproducibility.ConclusionProcessing methods to improve fMRI reproducibility were determined. Importantly, the processing methods needed to improve reproducibility were dependent on the fMRI activation metric of interest.
Call‐specific patterns of neural activation in auditory processing of Richardson’s ground squirrel alarm calls
Authors: Freeman Angela R. , Hare James F. , Caldwell Heather K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionRichardson's ground squirrels use alarm calls to warn conspecifics about potential predatory threats. Chirp calls typically indicate high levels of threat from airborne predators, while whistle calls are associated with lower levels of threat from terrestrial predators. These types of calls primarily elicit escape behaviors and increased vigilance in receivers, respectively. While much is known about the neural mechanisms involved in the production of vocalizations, less is known about the mechanisms important for the perception of alarm calls by receivers, and whether changes in perceived risk are associated with unique patterns of neuronal activation. Thus, to determine whether alarm calls associated with different levels of predation risk result in differential neuronal activation, we used immunohistochemistry to identify and quantify c‐Fos immunopositive cells in brain regions important in stress, fear, danger, and reward, following alarm call reception.MethodsWe exposed 29 female Richardson's ground squirrels (10 control, 10 whistle receivers, and 9 chirp receivers) to playbacks of whistles, chirps, or a no‐vocalization control. We then assessed neuronal activation via c‐Fos immunohistochemistry in 12 brain regions.ResultsGround squirrels receiving high‐threat “chirp” vocalizations had reduced neuronal activation in the medial amygdala and superior colliculus compared with controls. It is likely that changes in activity in these brain regions serve to alter the balance between approach and avoidance in turn promoting escape behaviors.ConclusionsThus, we conclude that in Richardson's ground squirrels, these brain regions are important for the perception of risk resulting from receiving alarm calls and allow for appropriate behavioral responses by receivers.
Comprehensive insights on pivotal prognostic signature involved in clear cell renal cell carcinoma microenvironment using the ESTIMATE algorithm
Authors: Luo Jun , Xie Yi , Zheng Yuxiao , Wang Chenji , Qi Feng , Hu Jiateng , Xu Yaoting 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence has highlighted that the immune and stromal cells formed the majority of tumor microenvironment (TME) which are served as important roles in tumor progression. In our study, we aimed to screen vital prognostic signature associated with TME in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We obtained total 611 samples from TCGA database consisting of transcriptome profiles and clinical data. ESTIMATE algorithm was applied to estimate the infiltrating fractions of immune/stromal cells. We found that the immune scores revealed more prognostic significance in overall survival and positive associations with risk clinical factors than stromal scores. We carried out differential expression analysis between Immunescore and stromalscore groups to obtain the 72 intersect genes. Protein to protein interaction (PPI) network and functional analysis was performed to indicate potential altered pathways. Additionally, we further conducted multivariate Cox analysis to identify 12 hub genes associated highly with TME of ccRCC using a stepwise regression procedure. Accordingly, risk score was constructed from the multivariate Cox results and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the predictive value (AUC = 0.781). The ccRCC patients with high risk scores suffered poor survival outcomes than that with low risk scores. In the validation cohort from GSE53757, TNFSF13B, CASP5, and GJB6 correlated positively with tumor stages, while FREM1 negatively correlated with tumor stages. Importantly, we further observed that TNFSF13B, CASP5 and XCR1 showed the remarkable correlations with tumor‐infiltrating immune cells. Taken together, our research identified specific signatures that related to the infiltration of stromal and immune cells in TME of ccRCC using the transciptome profiles, which reached a comprehensive understanding of tumor microenvironment in ccRCC.
High SOX8 expression promotes tumor growth and predicts poor prognosis through GOLPH3 signaling in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Shuwei , Li Huan , Li Xiyuan , Chen Wenkuan , Zhang Xing , Yang Zhongyuan , Chen Zhipeng , Chen Jingtao , Zhang Ying , Shi Dingbo , Song Ming 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAccording to our previous study, GOLPH3 is markedly up‐expressed in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), which is also associated with poor survival. However, it remains unclear about key upstream and downstream mechanisms of GOLPH3. This study aimed to illuminate new mechanisms modulating GOLPH3 upregulation and promoting TSCC development at the molecular level. Using mass spectrometry and agarose‐streptavidin‐biotin pull‐down analyses, SOX8 (SRY‐Box 8) was identified to be the new protein to bind the GOLPH3 promoter within TSCC cells, which was further verified to be the regulator of GOLPH3 upregulation. The knockdown of SOX8 suppressed the promoter activity of GOLPH3, while secondarily inhibiting TSCC cell proliferation both in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, GOLPH3 overexpression rescued the SOX8 knockdown‐mediated suppression on TSCC proliferation. Additionally, exogenous over‐expression of SOX8 also activated the activity of promoter as well as GOLPH3 expression, in the meantime of promoting TSCC development. Moreover it was discovered that SOX8 regulated GOLPH3 expression through interacting with TFAP2A. Moreover our results suggested that the SOX8 level was increased within tumor tissue compared with that in para‐cancer normal counterpart, which showed positive correlation with the GOLPH3 level. According to Kaplan‐Meier analyses, TSCC cases having higher SOX8 and GOLPH3 expression were associated with poorer prognostic outcomes. Taken together, this study reveals that SOX8 enhances the TSCC cell growth via the direct transcriptional activation of GOLPH3, which also indicates the potential to use SOX8/GOLPH3 pathway as the treatment target among TSCC patients.
When repetitive consumption leads to predictions of faster adaptation
Authors: Pasdiora Maria Alice , Brei Vinicius A. , Nicolao Leonardo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHedonic adaptation can explain why individuals enjoy their products less over time. One key feature of hedonic adaptation is its dependence on consumption repetition. Our research investigates when the perception of repetitive consumption leads consumers to predict faster hedonic adaptation (i.e., less enjoyment). We conducted four studies testing the impact of repetition on predicted enjoyment (Studies 1A and 1B), the interaction between repetition and assortment variety (Study 2), and the interaction between repetition and attention drawn by the product (Study 3). Results show that repetition leads consumers to predict less future enjoyment, weakens the effect of assortment variety on hedonic adaptation prediction, and strengthens the effect of attention drawn by product on hedonic adaptation prediction. Our results also show that consumers who predict less future enjoyment with a product are less likely to purchase this product. Overall, the findings advance knowledge on hedonic adaptation by presenting the impact of the most relevant feature of hedonic adaptation (i.e., consumption repetition) when it is made salient for consumers, and its interaction with common contextual cues.
Solvophobically Driven Complexation of Adamantyl Mannoside with β‐Cyclodextrin in Water and Structured Organic Solvents
Authors: Leko Katarina , Hanževački Marko , Brkljača Zlatko , Pičuljan Katarina , Ribić Rosana , Požar Josip 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Josip Požar with collaborators from the University of Zagreb. The image depicts the differences in high‐ and low‐temperature water effect on the complexation thermodynamics of adamantyl mannoside with β‐cyclodextrin. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202000282.
Analytical Model to Characterize the Efficiency of Disk Stack Separators
Authors: König Julian , Ueding Jens , Janoske Uwe 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUp to now the prediction of separation efficiency for disk stack separators is largely based on the concept of equivalent clarification area, short Σ‐theory, firstly published in 1949. An improved analytical model with a closed‐form solution is presented in which the assumptions of uniform flow and unhindered solids transport are dropped. The contributions of distributor and solids holding space to the total separation efficiency are considered. The model is validated by comprehensive experiments with different geometry parameters and particle systems. The results are presented in a universal form for a combination of dimensionless numbers.
Multiobjective optimization‐based DV‐hop localization using NSGA‐II algorithm for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Kanwar Vivek , Kumar Ashok 
Published: April 2020

SummaryLocalization is one of the important requirements in wireless sensor networks for tracking and analyzing the sensor nodes. It helps in identifying the geographical area where an event occurred. The event information without its position information has no meaning. In range‐free localization techniques, DV‐hop is one of the main algorithm which estimates the position of nodes using distance vector algorithm. In this paper, a multiobjective DV‐hop localization based Non‐Sorting Genetic Algorithm‐II (NSGA‐II) is proposed in WSNs. Here, we consider six different single‐objective functions to make three multiobjective functions as the combination of two each. Localization techniques based on proposed multiobjective functions has been evaluated on the basis of average localization error and localization error variance. Simulation results demonstrate that the localization scheme based on proposed multiobjective functions can achieve good accuracy and efficiency as compared to state‐of‐the‐art single‐ and multiobjective GA DV‐hop localization scheme.
A SERS quenching method for the sensitive determination of insulin
Authors: Gholami Mahnaz D. , Sonar Prashant , Ayoko Godwin A. , Izake Emad L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, we utilise the disulphide bond structure of insulin and a new benzothiazole Raman probe for the detection of human insulin using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The disulphide bond structure of the insulin was reduced to generate free sulfhydryl terminal groups. When reacted with benzothiazole‐functionalised gold nanoparticles, the reduced protein desorbs the Raman probe and causes its Raman signal intensity to quench. Using this approach, insulin was quantified in the concentration range of 1 × 10−14–1 × 10−8M by SERS quenching. The limit of quantification of insulin by the SERS quenching method was found to be 1 × 10−14M (0.01 pM or 58 pg/L), which satisfies the requirements for monitoring its blood concentration in patients. Because many proteins and peptides have disulphide bonds in their molecular structures, the new SERS quenching method has a strong potential for the rapid determination of ultralow concentrations of proteins in formulations and biological fluids.