bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stapled Surgery for Hemorrhoidal Prolapse: From the Beginning to Modern Times
Authors: Sturiale Alessandro , Fabiani Bernardina , Menconi Claudia , Cafaro Danilo , Celedon Porzio Felipe , Naldini Gabriele 
Published: March 2020

Introduction:
Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common proctologic condition in
adults. Among the different surgical procedures, one of the greatest innovations is represented by
the stapled hemorrhoidopexy. The history of this technique started with a single stapler use passing
through a double stapler technique to resect the adequate amount of prolapse, finally coming to the
use of high volume devices.

Methods:
Nevertheless, each device has its own specific feature, the stapler is basically made up
with one or more circular lines of titanium staples whose height may be variable. The procedure is
based on different steps: Introduction of the CAD, evaluation of the prolapse, fashioning purse
string or parachute suture, the introduction of the stapler head beyond the suture, pull the wires
through the window, close the stapler and keep pulled the wires of the suture held together with forceps,
fire using two hands, open the stapler and remove it and check the staple line and then check
the specimen. One of the latest innovations in stapled surgery is Tissue Selective Therapy. It is a
minimally invasive procedure in which there is a partial circular stapled hemorrhoidopexy focused
on the prolapsing piles with bridges of normal mucosa left.

Results:
Several studies have reported that SH is a safe and effective procedure to treat hemorrhoidal
prolapse. It is a quicker procedure with a shorter hospital stay and earlier return to work if compared
with the conventional treatment. This is due to less postoperative pain, postoperative bleeding,
wound complications and constipation. Furthermore, the first generation devices had worse
outcomes if compared with those of the new generation stapler that showed lower postoperative
complication rates with better anatomical and symptomatic results.

Conclusions:
Stapled procedure for the treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoidal prolapse represents
one of the most important innovations in proctology of the last century bringing with it the new revolutionary
concept of the rectal intussusception as a determining factor involved in the natural history
of the disease. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy marked an era in which the surgeon may offer the patients
a safe, effective treatment with less pain and fast recovery.
Heterocyclization of 2-(2-phenylhydrazono)cyclohexane-1,3-dione to Synthesis Thiophene, Pyrazole and 1,2,4-triazine Derivatives with Anti-Tumor and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitions
Authors: Mohareb Rafat M. , Alwan Ensaf S. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Recently tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiazole derivatives acquired a special attention due to their
wide range of pharmacological activities especially the therapeutic activities. Through the market it was found
that many pharmacological drugs containing the thiazole nucleus were known.

Objective:
This work aimed to synthesize target molecules not only possess anti-tumor activities but also kinase
inhibitors. The target molecules were obtained starting from the arylhydrazonocyclohexan-1,3-dione followed
by their heterocyclization reactions to produce anticancer target molecules.

Methods:
The arylhydrazone derivatives 3a-c underwent different heterocyclization reactions to produce thiophene,
thiazole, pyrazole and 1,2,4-triazine derivatives. The anti-proliferative activity of twenty six compounds
among the synthesized compounds toward the six cancer cell lines namely A549, H460, HT-29, MKN-45,
U87MG, and SMMC-7721 was studied.

Results:
Anti-proliferative evaluations, tyrosine and Pim-1 kinase inhibitions were perform for most of the
synthesized compounds where the varieties of substituent through the aryl ring and the thiophene moiety afforded
compounds with high activities.

Conclusion:
The compounds with high anti-proliferative activity towards the cancer cell lines showed that compounds
3b, 3c, 5e, 5f, 8c, 9c, 11c, 12c, 14e, 14f and 16c were the most cytotoxic compounds. Further tests of the
latter compounds toward the five tyrosine kinases c-Kit, Flt-3, VEGFR-2, EGFR, and PDGFR and Pim-1 kinase
showed that compounds 3c, 5e, 5f, 8c, 9c, 12c, 14e, 14f and 16c were the most potent of the tested compounds
toward the five tyrosine kinases and compounds 6d, 11a, 20b and 21e were of the highest inhibitions towards
Pim-1 kinase. Pan Assay Interference Compounds (PAINS) for the most cytotoxic compounds showed zero
PAINS alert and can be used as lead compounds.
Distinct DNA Metabolism and Anti-proliferative Effects of Goat Urine Metabolites: An Explanation for Xeno-tumor Heterogeneity
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Swami Swati , Sharma Nilesh K. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
The tumor microenvironment, including microbiome populations in
the local niche of several types of solid tumors like mammary and colorectal cancer are distinct.
The occurrence of one type of cancer over another varies from animals to human individuals.
Further, clinical data suggest that specific cancer types such as mammary and colorectal
cancer are rare in ruminants like goat.

Methods:
Fresh urine samples were collected from healthy ruminants (cow, goat, buffalo,
ox), non-ruminant animals (horse, jenny) and human. Further, these urine samples were subjected
to fractionation by drying, vortexing, centrifugation and sterile filtration in DMSO extraction
solvent. Collected urine DMSO fraction (UDF) samples from all sources were subjected
to DNA metabolizing assay with plasmid DNA pBR322 and genomic DNA of MCF-7
cells. Next, based on the discernible DNA metabolizing effects of goat UDF among other
sources, goat UDF was tested for anti-proliferative effects upon HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells
using Trypan blue dye exclusion assay.

Results:
This paper reports that goat UDF possesses very clear DNA metabolizing effects
(up to 95%) upon plasmid and genomic DNA compared to other ruminants, non-ruminants
and human UDF samples. Interestingly, autoclaving of goat UDF and other sample results in
the significant loss of DNA metabolizing effects. In this way, data potentially indicate that
the goat UDF sample contains metabolite or similar organic compounds. Further, in vitro
treatment of the goat, UDF sample shows clear anti-proliferative effects upon HCT-116 (up
to 75%) and MCF-7 (up to 40%).

Conclusion:
This study signifies the clear differences in DNA metabolizing effects of goat
UDF over other selected animal sources. Furthermore, the observed DNA metabolizing effects
of goat UDF well correlate with anti-proliferative effects upon HCT-116 and MCF-7
cells. This study is a first report to show the comparison of urine metabolites among various
animals. Interestingly, findings propose an indirect link that may support the possible reasons
behind xeno-tumor heterogeneity in the form of rare occurrences of colorectal and mammary
cancer in goat over other ruminants, non-ruminants and human.
La semántica en la lógica de Tomás de Mercado
Authors: Beuchot Mauricio 
Published: March 2020

This paper deals with an aspect of the semantic-theory of the scholastics, namely, the doctrine of suppositio, as it is presented by Tomás de Mercado, a logician of the 16th century in México. Suppositio was divided into (1) classes that are intensional and (2) classes that are extensional. A criterium to distinguish the extensional ones is the kind of ascensus/descensus that they are susceptible of. (Ascensus/descensus is a logical procedure akin to instantiation in modern logic.) In some scholastic authors the use of this criterion is subject to many changes and ambiguities. We try to show that the more simplified use of this procedure made by Mercado is consistent and clear enough.
[M.B.]
¿Saber sin verdad? Objeciones a un argumento de Villoro
Authors: Hurtado Guillermo 
Published: March 2020

Se examina uno de los argumentos principales de Creer, saber, conocer en contra de la inclusión de la noción de verdad en la definición de saber. Se sostiene que el argumento falla, entre otras razones, porque concede al escéptico una premisa falsa acerca de las condiciones de aplicabilidad del verbo "saber".
Acerca de las parejas incongruentes y las figuras simétricas
Authors: Álvarez Carlos 
Published: March 2020

Kant plantea el problema de las parejas incongruentes en 1768, posteriormente en 1770 y 1783. Este problema, relacionado con su concepción acerca de la naturaleza del espacio, se vincula también con su idea sobre la naturaleza del conocimiento geométrico. Mi objetivo en este texto es analizar las observaciones de Kant sobre este punto —tres de las cuales son, a nuestro juicio, de suma relevancia— a partir de la geometría sólida euclidiana, la que constituye precisamente el marco teórico en el cual él pretende que ellas incidan.
The Semantic View, Empirical Adequacy, and Application
Authors: Suárez Mauricio 
Published: March 2020

It is widely accepted in contemporary philosophy of science that the domain of application of a theory is typically larger than its explanatory covering power: theories can be applied to phenomena that they do not explain. I argue for an analogous thesis regarding the notion of empirical adequacy. A theory’s domain of application is typically larger than its domain of empirical adequacy: theories are often applied to phenomena from which they receive no empirical confirmation.
Moran on Self-Knowledge, Agency and Responsibility
Authors: Moya Carlos J. 
Published: March 2020

In this paper I deal with Richard Moran’s account of self-knowledge in his book Authority and Estrangement. After presenting the main lines of his account, I contend that, in spite of its novelty and interest, it may have some shortcomings. Concerning beliefs formed through deliberation, the account would seem to face problems of circularity or regress. And it looks also wanting concerning beliefs not formed in this way. I go on to suggest a diagnosis of these problems, according to which they would arise out of a view of agents too strongly dependent on the will.
El análisis lógico de la predicación colectiva
Authors: Fernández Díez Gustavo 
Published: March 2020

En el presente artículo se examinan algunos de los problemas suscitados por el análisis lógico de la predicación colectiva (aquella en la que un predicado se aplica colectivamente a una pluralidad de sujetos). Su tratamiento habitual en lógica de primer orden no es del todo satisfactorio, y la búsqueda de otros modos de representación abre interesantes perspectivas. Se investiga, en particular, la introducción de predicados poligraduados, señalando algunas deficiencias e insuficiencias en la literatura reciente sobre los mismos. Argumento que la oposición colectivo/ distributivo debe localizarse en la estructura lógica del enunciado en cuestión.
Experiencia y conciencia: un enriquecimiento de la noción de comprensión musical
Authors: Renero Adriana 
Published: March 2020

En desacuerdo con la afirmación de Jerrold Levinson: que ser consciente de la forma musical a gran escala no es esencial para comprender la música, sostendré que nuestra conciencia de la estructura musical es significante para alcanzar comprensión. Mostraré que el modelo experiencial no es incompatible con el modelo analítico y que ambos pueden ser reconciliados mediante una noción de comprensión más amplia. Después de llevar a cabo está reconciliación mediante la nueva concepción que propongo, concluiré discutiendo algunas razones para aceptar una noción de comprensión musical enriquecida que incluye niveles y grados de comprensión.
Two Dogmas of Structural Realism. A Confirmation of a Philosophical Death Foretold
Authors: Rivadulla Andrés 
Published: March 2020

Twenty years ago John Worrall offered an alleged non-standard viable form of scientific realism under the name structural realism. Structural realism was supposed to be both an alternative to standard scientific realism and viable form of realism. The central questions addressed in this paper are what I call the two dogmas of structural realism: the idea that there is structure retention across theory change, and the idea that theoretical structures describe the world. Arthur Fine proclaimed that scientific realism was dead. I claim that Worrall’s attempt to bring scientific realism back to life has failed.
Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes After Weight Loss From Gastric Bypass Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes: Cardiorenal Risk Reductions Exceed Atherosclerotic Benefits
Authors: Liakopoulos Vasileios , Franzén Stefan , Svensson Ann-Marie , Sattar Naveed , Miftaraj Mervete , Björck Staffan , Ottosson Johan , Näslund Ingmar , Gudbjörnsdottir Soffia , Eliasson Björn 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
We examined detailed renal and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes after gastric bypass (GBP) surgery in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), across several renal function categories, in a nationwide cohort study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We linked data from the National Diabetes Register and the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Register with four national databases holding information on socioeconomic variables, medications, hospitalizations, and causes of death and matched 5,321 individuals with T2DM who had undergone GBP with 5,321 who had not (age 18–65 years, mean BMI &gt;40 kg/m2, mean follow-up &gt;4.5 years). The risks of postoperative outcomes were assessed with Cox regression models.

RESULTS
During the first years postsurgery, there were small reductions in creatinine and albuminuria and stable estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the GBP group. The incidence rates of most outcomes relating to renal function, CV disease, and mortality were lower after GBP, being particularly marked for heart failure (hazard ratio [HR] 0.33 [95% CI 0.24, 0.46]) and CV mortality (HR 0.36 [(95% CI 0.22, 0.58]). The risk of a composite of severe renal disease or halved eGFR was 0.56 (95% CI 0.44, 0.71), whereas nonfatal CV risk was lowered less (HR 0.82 [95% CI 0.70, 0.97]) after GBP. Risks for key outcomes were generally lower after GBP in all eGFR strata, including in individuals with eGFR &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2.

CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest robust benefits for renal outcomes, heart failure, and CV mortality after GBP in individuals with obesity and T2DM. These results suggest that marked weight loss yields important benefits, particularly on the cardiorenal axis (including slowing progression to end-stage renal disease), whatever the baseline renal function status.
Mujeres indígenas con educación superior ante las normas hegemónicas de género
Authors: Martínez Olvera Ariadna , Tuñón Pablos Esperanza , Evangelista García Angélica Aremy 
Published: March 2020

Este artículo se enfoca en el análisis de las posiciones de sujeto que emergen con la confrontación entre las normas hegemónicas de género y las situaciones reales de las mujeres que se incorporan a la educación superior. A partir de la narrativa de 21 mujeres indígenas de Chiapas, se recupera el concepto de posiciones de sujeto desde el planteamiento de Alcoff (1989), para demostrar que las mujeres pueden estar en situaciones que se consideran pasivas, negociadoras o resistentes en relación con otras posiciones, lo que les permite tener poder para ampliar o reducir sus márgenes de acción. Los hallazgos advierten el surgimiento de cinco posibles posiciones, con un nexo de adaptación-resistencia, que implican conflictos subjetivos y malestares emocionales. Entre la adaptación y la afirmación positiva se encuentran una gama de actos de adaptación y resistencia ligados entre sí, que muestran las circunstancias materiales y simbólicas en las que ocurren sus expectativas de profesionalización.
Beden Eğitimi ve Çocuk Gelişimi Öğrencilerinin Bilişsel Esneklik ve Kaynaştırma Eğitimine Bakış Açıları
Authors: YILMAZ Atike , İNCE Gonca , KIRIMOĞLU Hüseyin 
Published: March 2020

Araştırma beden eğitimi ve
çocuk gelişimi öğrencilerinin bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri ile kaynaştırma
eğitimine yönelik bakış açısı arasındaki ilişkinin bazı değişkenler açısından
incelenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Genel tarama yöntemi kullanılan
araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Beden Eğitimi ve spor Öğretmenliği bölümü,
Antrenörlük bölümü ve Çocuk Gelişimi bölümü 149 (99 kadın, 50 erkek)
öğrencilerden oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, Aksüt ve ark. (2005) tarafından
geliştirilen ‘’Kaynaştırma Eğitimi Anketi’’, Gülüm ve Dağ (2012) Türkçe'ye
uyarlanan ‘’Bilişsel Esneklik Envanteri’’ ve araştırmacılar tarafından
geliştirilen ‘’Kişisel Bilgi Formu’’ kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerinde
elde edilen bulgularda; yaş, cinsiyet,
bölüm, ailede engelli birey bulunma durumu, özel eğitim stajı yapma durumu
açısından anlamlı farklılık çıkmazken alan stajlarında kaynaştırma öğrencisi
olma durumuna göre kaynaştırma eğitimine yönelik bakış açılarında anlamlı
farklılık çıkmıştır. Bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri ve kaynaştırma eğitimine
yönelik bakış açısı arasındaki korelasyonda anlamlı bir farklılık çıkmıştır.
Sonuç olarak stajlarında kaynaştırma öğrencisi bulunan öğrencilerin kaynaştırma
eğitimine yönelik bakış açılarının olumlu olduğu ve bu durumun bilişsel
esneklik düzeyleri üzerine de olumlu etkisi olduğu ifade edilebilir.
Justyna Kowalska-Lasoń: A Portrait with a Caravan in the Background
Authors: Szulakowska-Kulawik Jolanta 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper presents a survey of the dominant aesthetic and technical qualities of Justyna Kowalska-Lasoń’s output of compositions. The composer’s interests focus on Oriental cultures, depicting nature, correspondences of arts, and on reflecting the sacrum in music. I have discussed her selected works (Sanctus, The Modern Man I Sing; These Phrases… These Songs... These Arias..., IMAGE 1929). On the basis of brief analyses of some of Kowalska-Lasoń’s compositions, I have defined her artistic stance and technique and postmodernist, neo-sonoristic sensualism. The distinguishing features of her music are: an open attitude to musical form, to the canon of narrative continuity, to aleatoricism and strict notation, as well as to the degree of correlation between chromatic and diatonic writing. The artist herself considers the epithet ‘nomadic’ as relevant to the character of her works, which are conceived as having a symbolic function.
My composer portrait has been complemented with a list of Kowalska-Lasoń’s selected works, awards, performances, and her students’ achievements.
Análisis de las emisiones asociadas al sector energético en España
Authors: Cámara Sánchez Ángeles , Flores García Mónica , Fuentes Saguar Patricia D. 
Published: March 2020

Las emisiones de gases contaminantes a la atmósfera constituyen tanto un problema económico como medioambiental. En este trabajo se realiza un estudio detallado de las emisiones provocadas por las ramas del sector energético español. Para ello, hemos elaborado para la economía española una Matriz de Contabilidad Social con cuentas ambientales, considerando los seis Gases de Efectos Invernadero que señala el Protocolo de Kioto, y en la que aparece desagregado el sector energético en ocho sectores, incluyendo renovables, con el fin de poder distinguir las emisiones de cada tipo de energía. A partir de esta matriz con cuentas ambientales, se realiza un análisis mediante un modelo multisectorial de tipo lineal, que nos permite obtener las emisiones, tanto directas como indirectas, provocadas por cada rama del sector energético español. Finalmente se evalúa el impacto que tendría en términos de emisiones un cambio en el consumo energético de los hogares a favor de fuentes energéticas renovables.
Karakteristik Morfometrik (Ukuran Linier dan Lingkar Tubuh) Sapi Persilangan Sumbawa x Bali (Sumbal) yang Dipelihara secara Semi Intensif di Kabupaten Sumbawa
Authors: Aguantara Febriantus , Rozi Tapaul , Maskur Maskur 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakateristik morfometrik dari sapi persilangan Sumbawa x Bali (Sumbal) di Kabupaten Sumbawa. Materi yang digunakan yaitu Sapi Sumbal yang terdiri dari 14 ekor pedet, 20 ekor muda dan 27 ekor dewasa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling/ dengan mengamati ciri-ciri morfometrik Sapi Sumbal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran-ukuran tubuh Sapi Sumbal jantan tidak berbeda (P>0,05)dengan betina pada kelompok umur pedet dan muda. Sedangkan pada kelompok umur dewasa, jantan lebih rendah dari betina (P<0,05) pada parameter tinggi pinggul. Lingkar dada memiliki koefisien korelasi yang paling tinggi terhadap bobot badan diikuti tinggi badan dan panjang badan dengan nilai secara berurutan 0,96; 0,83; dan 0,80. Persamaan BB = -173,104 - 1,837TB + 0,052PB + 4,493LD dan derajat determinasi (R2) yaitu 0,939 diperoleh melalui analisis regresi. Lingkar dada dan tinggi badan secara signifikan (P<0,05) mempengaruhi bobot badan sedangkan panjang badan tidak (P>0,05)dan secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap bobot badan (P<0,05).
Dampak Pernikahan Dini Terhadap Pendidikan Anak Dalam keluarga
Authors: Ikhsanudin Muhammad , Nurjanah Siti 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dampak pernikahan dini terhadap pendidikan anak dalam keluarga di Desa Nusa Bakti Kecamatan Belitang III. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah keluarga yang menikah dini di Desa Nusa Bakti, anak dalam keluarga yang menikah dini. Sumber data meliputi sumber data primer dan skunder. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara dan angket. Teknik analisis data adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Kegiatan akhir analisis data penelitian disimpulkan Pertama: Keluarga adalah tempat pertama belajar, dukungan keluarga akan menjadikan anak yang tumbuh dengan penuh kasih sayang, percaya akan diri sendiri. Pendidikan anak di desa nusa bakti sangat baik. Kedua: Pernikahan dini sangat berdampak bagi pendidikan anak yang masih memerlukan bimbingan dari orang tua terutama orang tua yang kurang dalam memberikan kasih sayang terhadap anak, Selain itu ekonomi orang tua yang kurang memadai dapat mengganggu pendidikan anak di sekolah, kurang harmonisnya keluarga dapat mengganggu mental anak, karena orang tua yang menikah dini masih memikirkan diri mereka sendiri. Ketiga: Upaya orang tua dalam mendidik anak dalam keluarga yang menikah dini sebagai pendidik utama dalam penanaman keimanan dan pengetahuan. Orang tua yang Menikah dini telah berupaya dalam mendidik anak-anaknya dengan baik, dan menjalankan tugasnya dengan baik
Unschooling Alternative : Studi Analisis Alternatif Pendidikan Menurut Pemikiran Everett Reimer
Authors: Amma Tasurun 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kejelasan yang mendalam terkait pandangan Everett Reimer terhadap lembaga sekolah dan pandangannya tentang konsep penyelenggaraan pendidikan selain sekolah.Dari hasil penelitian terungkap bahwa pemikiran Everett Reimer bukan berarti anjuran eliminasi atas sekolah, akan tetapi Reimer menghendaki penghilangan kemapanan sekolah atau dengan kata lain posisi superior sekolah dilemahkan. Hal ini dikarenakan sekolah merupakan lembaga yang memiliki banyak sekali kelemahan-kelemahan sehingga mengalami kematian fungsinya sebagai lembaga pendidikan. Selanjutnya Reimer menyarankan untuk melakukan pengembangan atas kegiatan belajar yang lebih demokratis dan efisien dalam membelajarkan manusia, Reimer menawarkan sistem penyelenggaraan unschooling alternative yang terdiri dari empat macam bentuk yang saling berkaitan yakni pertama mengupayakan penyediaan jaringan benda, kedua penyediaan jaringan orang, ketiga penyediaan layanan yang memungkinkan seseorang menemukan partner belajar berupa jaringan teman sebaya yang cocok, dan keempat penyediaan layanan jaringan menuju para pendidik.