bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-Threshold Mechanosensitive VGLUT3-Lineage Sensory Neurons Mediate Spinal Inhibition of Itch by Touch
Authors: Sakai Kent , Sanders Kristen M. , Lin Shing-Hong , Pavlenko Darya , Funahashi Hideki , Lozada Taisa , Hao Shuanglin , Chen Chih-Cheng , Akiyama Tasuku 
Published: September 2020

Innocuous mechanical stimuli, such as rubbing or stroking the skin, relieve itch through the activation of low-threshold mechanoreceptors. However, the mechanisms behind this inhibition remain unknown. We presently investigated whether stroking the skin reduces the responses of superficial dorsal horn neurons to pruritogens in male C57BL/6J mice. Single-unit recordings revealed that neuronal responses to chloroquine were enhanced during skin stroking, and this was followed by suppression of firing below baseline levels after the termination of stroking. Most of these neurons additionally responded to capsaicin. Stroking did not suppress neuronal responses to capsaicin, indicating state-dependent inhibition. Vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3)-lineage sensory nerves compose a subset of low-threshold mechanoreceptors. Stroking-related inhibition of neuronal responses to chloroquine was diminished by optogenetic inhibition of VGLUT3-lineage sensory nerves in male and femaleVglut3-cre/NpHR-EYFPmice. Conversely, in male and femaleVglut3-cre/ChR2-EYFPmice, optogenetic stimulation of VGLUT3-lineage sensory nerves inhibited firing responses of spinal neurons to pruritogens after the termination of stimulation. This inhibition was nearly abolished by spinal delivery of the κ-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine dihydrochloride, but not the neuropeptide Y receptor Y1 antagonist BMS193885. Optogenetic stimulation of VGLUT3-lineage sensory nerves inhibited pruritogen-evoked scratching without affecting mechanical and thermal pain behaviors. Therefore, VGLUT3-lineage sensory nerves appear to mediate inhibition of itch by tactile stimuli.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRubbing or stroking the skin is known to relieve itch. We investigated the mechanisms behind touch-evoked inhibition of itch in mice. Stroking the skin reduced the activity of itch-responsive spinal neurons. Optogenetic inhibition of VGLUT3-lineage sensory nerves diminished stroking-evoked inhibition, and optogenetic stimulation of VGLUT3-lineage nerves inhibited pruritogen-evoked firing. Together, our results provide a mechanistic understanding of touch-evoked inhibition of itch.
Preliminary inventory of atmospheric emissions (SO2, NOx and TSP) from different industrial sectors in Costa Rica
Authors: Alfaro-Alfaro Daniel , Salas-Morelli Luis , Sánchez-Mejías Bryan , Mora-Barrantes José , Sibaja-Brenes José Pablo , Borbón-Alpízar Henry 
Published: September 2020

The use of fuels, urbanization growth, and economic development have influenced the generation of atmospheric pollutants such as NOx (nitrogen oxides), SO2 (sulfur dioxide), and TSPs (Total Suspended Particles). The Costa Rican industrial sector has different category companies such as glass melting and manufacturing of food products and clothing, which release emissions of these pollutants into the atmosphere. The main objective of this research is to generate a preliminary inventory of atmospheric emissions (NOx, SO2, and TSP) from different industrial sectors in Costa Rica. The inventory was conducted in 2019 and included samplings and measurements of pollutants from chimneys of different production processes (companies) from 2014 and 2015. The sampling and the corresponding measurement of pollutant concentrations (NOx, SO2 and TSP) were conducted using Testo 350 to measure NOx and SO2 and an APEX portable particle counter to quantify TSPs. Data was tabulated using Microsoft Excel, while graphics were generated using R programming language in the R studio interface. The industrial sector entitled “manufacturing of food products” presents the highest amounts of pollutants, with values equal to 1246.14 tons/year, 1959.54 tons/year and 651.01 tons/year for NOx, SO2, and TSP, respectively, for 2014; and 2,622.14 tons/year, 3,257.64 tons/year and 346.40 tons/year, respectively, for 2015.
La pregunta como herramienta para “el aprecio”, base de la cultura académica
Authors: Jirón Beirute Nicole 
Published: September 2020

para la motivación de experiencias dialógicas de educación- transformación en la Escuela de Estudios Generales. Desde el uso de la pregunta es posible hacer participante activo al cuerpo estudiantil del proceso de aprendizaje, con lo cual se rompe con la jerarquía de poder del vector respuesta docente-estudiante; se provoca un contexto de curiosidad, respeto y modestia para acercarse a nuevos campos de conocimientos; se estimula el aprecio por “la otredad” que no es otra cosa que la humanización de la diferencia humana; se motiva esperanza en tanto provoca un acto creativo con “otros” que respeta; se visualiza al estudiantado como sujeto político de su tiempo.
El artículo destaca la generación de aprecio por “la otredad”, lo cual se considera la base del desarrollo de la cultura académica con perspectiva humanística; pieza fundamental del proyecto político educativo de la Universidad de Costa Rica.
Conventional risk factors and arterial bed parameters in patients with coronary artery disease younger and older than 50 years
Authors: Khromova A. A. , Salyamova L. I. , Kvasova O. G. , Oleinikov V. E. 
Published: September 2020

Aim. To study conventional risk factors and arterial stiffness parameters to identify non-invasive markers of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with and without history of cardiovascular disease, with premature and physiological vascular aging.Material and methods. The study included 198 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 57 healthy people. The subjects were divided into two cohorts: younger and older than 50 years. Each group included patients with newly diagnosed acute coronary syndrome with/without history of cardiovascular disease (CAD and/or hypertension). Conventional risk factors were analyzed in all subjects. Ultrasound radiofrequency of common carotid arteries (CCA), applanation tonometry, volume sphygmography were performed.Results. Analysis of arterial parameters in individuals <50 years old revealed differences between healthy people and patients with CAD. In the subgroup of patients without a history of cardiovascular disease compared with healthy people, CCA were damaged in 77% (p<0,05), aorta — in 13%, muscular arteries — in 29% (p<0,05); in patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, in 71% (p<0,05), 5% and 34% (p<0,05), respectively. In the older age group of patients with and without history of cardiovascular disease, CCA were damaged in 84% and 94% (p<0,05), aorta — in 92% and 87% (p<0,05), muscular arteries — in 42-44% (p<0,05), respectively. According to the ROC analysis, in patients <50 years old, the area under the curve (AUC) for the intima-media thickness (IMT) was 0,830, the threshold — 622,3 (p=0,000); for the beta stiffness index — 0,850, threshold — 7,01 (p=0,002); for L-/CAVI1 — 0,742, threshold — 7,3 (p=0,000). In patients >50 years of age, AUC for the IMT was 0,948, threshold — 607,5 (p=0,000); for the beta stiffness index — 0,740, threshold — 8,84 (p=0,000); for L-/CAVI1 — 0,861, threshold — 8,4 (p=0,000).Conclusion. Timely identification of atherosclerotic markers using noninvasive techniques can improve the prediction of cardiovascular events. A comprehensive non-invasive examination of the arteries with determination of IMT, beta stiffness index, and L-/CAVI1 will probably identify young people with an unfavorable absolute cardiovascular risk. .
The Study of William Federer's Viewpoint on Non-Revelatory of the Qur'an
Authors: Nouraei Mohsen , Askari Seyed Kamel 
Published: September 2020

One of the most important points about the holy Qur`an is its «revelation». The revelation of the Qur`an meaning that the words of the Qur`an, and also the meaning of them, were revealed to the Prophet (s) by the Lord. The authenticity of the revelation of the Qur`an is accepted by various Islamic sects. But a number of orientalists have scrutinized this fundamental Islamic belief with a negative and dubious attitude since long time ago. They believe that the verses of the Qur'an are a non-revelatory text which originated from the books of the previous religions, culture, customs and traditions of the "Jahiliyya" . «William Federer», the contemporary American author and historian, like many previous orientalists, has not accepted the authenticity and revelation of the Qur`an. The present study, by a descriptive-analytic method, discusses the various aspects of Federer`s claim. According to Federer, the similarity of the provisions of the verses of the holy Qur`an and the holy texts of other religions indicates the adaptation of the Qur`an from those texts. It is obvious that the similarity between two texts does not necessarily mean the adaptation of the latter text from prior text, especially if the latter text is excellent, and beyond of the incompetency of the prior text. The result of this research shows that, contrary to Federer`s claim, the adaptation of the Qur`an from any internal and external sources is unreasonable and dismissed. The result of this research has clear usage in the field of Qur`anic studies, orientalism, and also in theological and exegetical discussions.
FURAÇÃO DE MATERIAL SANDUÍCHE EMPREGANDO BROCAS COM GEOMETRIAS DIFERENTES: CONSTRUÇÃO DE MODELO MATEMÁTICO PARA PREVISÃO DA FORÇA DE AVANÇO
Authors: Silveira Michele Lisboa , Rezende Bruna Aparecida 
Published: September 2020

Os materiais sanduíche são assim denominados pois combinam as propriedades de dois diferentes materiais, adquirindo uma estrutura com um núcleo e duas faces externas. Uma das formas de processar este material é por meio da usinagem, mais especificamente em operações de furação, que foi o foco dessa pesquisa. A redução dos esforços de corte é desejada durante a operação de furação, impactando melhor qualidade dos furos devido a redução das vibrações no sistema. Também pode aumentar a vida útil das ferramentas, eliminando custos devido ao maior tempo para substituição das mesmas. Partindo deste princípio, esta pesquisa aliou conhecimentos estatísticos aplicados à engenharia, a fim de construir modelos matemáticos para prever o comportamento da força de avanço na furação de material sanduíche empregando brocas com geometrias diferentes, denominadas Brad & Spur, helicoidal com duas arestas e helicoidal com três arestas e. O objetivo foi elaborar equações de regressão linear múltiplas para identificar a influência da velocidade de corte e do avanço sobre a força de avanço para cada uma das brocas estudadas. Além disso, foi investigado se a geometria das brocas impactou em um comportamento que pudesse ser modelado por meio de equações matemáticas, com um determinado grau de confiança aceitável.
ANALISIS FAKTOR–FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI WISATAWAN MELAKUKAN MEDICAL TOURISM DI MALAYSIA
Authors: Santoso Indah Cahyani , Andajani Erna , Megawati Veny 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence tourists to travel for medical tourism in Malaysia. The four main factors used were destination competitiveness, service quality, tourist attitudes, and costs, with 6 additional factors as supporting factors. This study used a quantitative approach. The data were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis run by SPSS and AMOS 22.0. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling with the sample consisted of 100 respondents. Results showed that there were 44 elements adopted from the study. Based on the anti-image results, 5 factors were removed. According to the component rotation matrix table, 9 factors influence tourists to visit Malaysia for medical tourism. Then, these 9 factors labelled with the new names, i.e., internal and external factor, location attractiveness, ease of accommodation and services, tourist attraction and service quality, transportation and political condition, information and environment, medical service quality, medical tourism and language, and medical personnel.
Keywords: cost, destination competitiveness , medical tourism , service quality, tourist attitude
UNDERSTANDING STUDENT EXPECTATION AND SATISFACTION TOWARS ONLINE LEARNING IN THE OPEN UNIVERSITY: A STUDY IN ARCHIPELAGIC AREA IN INDONESIA
Authors: Minrohayati Minrohayati , Anfas Anfas , Harsasi Meirani 
Published: September 2020

The online tutorial is one of the learning methods used by students at the Open University (OP). One main obstacle in delivering online tutorial in OP is the accessibility of the internet, especially for the students living in archipelagic areas in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the level of student satisfaction towards online tutorial activities at OP, especially for the Distance Learning Unit of OP Ternate that located in an archipelagic area with limited internet facilities. The population was the second-semester students come from various regions in Ternate. Research data were collected by distributing online questionnaires. The sample consisted of 24 respondents. Results showed that, in general, students were satisfied with online tutorial services. The level of student satisfaction towards internet access in the online tutorial was 96.04%, and for the aspect of presenting the learning materials, the satisfaction level was up to 100.77%. These findings indicated that student satisfaction exceeds their expectations. Furthermore, student satisfaction level towards the interaction aspect in the online tutorial was 89.92%. For the class assignment, the student satisfaction level was 97.05%.
Keywords: access, assignment, learning material, online tutorial, student satisfaction
PENYUSUNAN MENU MAKANAN UNTUK PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 TANPA KOMPLIKASI MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA GENETIKA
Authors: Nafata Bayu Basdya , Yusuf Akhmad , Muliadi Muliadi 
Published: September 2020

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah suatu penyakit atau gangguan metabolisme kronis dengan multi etiologi yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula darah (hiperglikemik) disertai dengan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lipid dan protein sebagai akibat insufisiensi fungsi insulin. Penderita diabetes melitus sebenarnya dapat di cegah agar tidak lebih parah atau dapat di jaga berat badan ideal penderita diabetes ditambah dengan olahraga teratur. Pola makan yang baik merupakan kunci keberhasilan untuk mengatasi kelebihan kadar gula darah bagi penyandang diabetes, mengontrol pola hidup yang sesuai dapat mencegah atau mempertahankan kondisi penderita diabetes agar tidak lebih parah dari kondisi sebelumnya, salah satu caranya yaitu dengan mengatur pola makan yang sesuai dengan hasil diagnosis dokter atau yang disarankan oleh ahli gizi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui proses penyusunan menu makanan menggunakan algoritma genetika, dan mengetahui hasil menu makanan yang sesuai untuk penderita diabetes menggunakan algoritma genetika. Algoritma genetika merupakan salah satu algoritma yang dapat melakukan penyusunan makanan berbasis Artificial Intellegent. Algoritma ini menitik beratkan pada pembangkitan populasi awal, proses crossover, proses mutasi, dan proses seleksi. Sehingga pada proses akhir seleksi terdapat nilai fitness atau nilai terbaik dalam sebuah data. Evaluasi hasil dari algoritma genetika pada penelitian kali ini adalah untuk mendapatkan nilai fitness terbaik pada setiap menu makanan. Dari hasil diperoleh bahwa nilai fitness berbanding terbalik dengan total harga makanan yang dihasilkan. Apabila nilai fitness dari perhitungan tinggi, maka total harga makan akan diperoleh harga yang paling minimal dan sebaliknya sesuai dengan kandungan kebutuhan kalori penderita diabetes mellitus. Proses algoritma genetika dalam menyusun menu makanan dengan hasil komposisi makanan terbaik menggunakan parameter probabilitas crossover 0.9 dan probabilitas mutase 0.1 dengan jumlah iterasi maksimal sebanyak 30 kali. Menghasilkan nilai fitness 0.246928066 dengan komposisi nasi, tahu dan telur sebagai penyusun makanan yang dominan agar tercapai harga minimum tetapi mencukupi kebutuhan kalori harian penderita.Kata Kunci: Menu Makanan, Diabetes Mellitus, Algoritma Genetika
ANALISIS KRIGING UNTUK MENDETEKSI POLA SPASIAL KASUS DBD DI KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
Authors: Hardiyanthy Sri Mulyanie , Susanti Dewi Sri , Thresye Thresye 
Published: September 2020

Geostatistics is a data processing in geological field that contains spatial information in it. Spatial information is information that identifies geographical location, characteristics of natural conditions and boundaries of the earth. Geostatistics is used to handle regionalized variables. One of the method that used to handle regionalized variables is the kriging method. The kriging method has a lot of expansion in its development, including the Simple Kriging method and the Cokriging method. Both of these methods will be applied in case studies of spatial patterns of dengue in Tanah Laut District. The purpose of this study was to estimate the distribution pattern of DHF in Tanah Laut District and compare the results of the RMSE method of Simple Kriging and Cokriging. The smallest RMSE value was compared and selected, followed by estimation using the Cokriging and Simple Kriging methods. From the two methods used the smallest RMSE value is in the Simple Kriging method. But when you looked from the thematic map of the distribution of dengue patients with the Cokriging and Simple Kriging method, it can be seen that the Cokriging method has a more diverse pattern. Keywords: geostatisticts , Cokriging , Simple Kriging , DHF
PENGARUH DIMENSI EKTERNAL PERSEPSI TERHADAP MUTU LAYANAN DI FK UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG
Authors: Juriah Siti 
Published: September 2020

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dimensi eksternal persepsi yang meliputi: peralatan untuk pelayanan, warna dari obyek-obyek pelayanan, keunikan atau kekontrasan stimulus, gaya individu dalam menarik perhatian, dan motion atau gerakan pelayanan baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap mutu layanan di FK Universitas Lampung. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional teknik kuesioner yang diberikan kepada 91 sampel dari populasi sebanyak 771 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proportional stratified random sampling sebanyak 10% untuk masing-masing angkatan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode statistik inverensial dengan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara peralatan untuk pelayanan, warna dari obyek-obyek pelayanan, keunikan atau kekontrasan stimulus, gaya individu dalam menarik perhatian, dan motion atau gerakan pelayanan baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap mutu layanan di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung.Abstract:The purpose of this study is to decide the effect of external dimensions of perception which include: service equipment, the color of service objects, uniqueness or contrast of stimulus, personal style of attracting attention, and motion or service movements both partially and simultaneously to service quality at the FK, University of Lampung. This type of research is a correlation research technique questionnaire given to 91 samples from a population of 771 students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung. Sampling uses a proportional stratified random sampling technique of 10% for each class. Data were analyzed using inferential statistical methods with linear regression. The results showed that there was a significant influence between the equipment for service, the colour of service objects, the uniqueness or contrast of stimulus, the personal style of attracting attention, and the motion or movement of service both partially and simultaneously to the quality of service in FK Lampung University.
PENGARUH SIKAP UNTUK KELUAR DARI KEMISKINAN TERHADAP KEBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN
Authors: Sholeh Maimun 
Published: September 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sikap masyarakat miskin untuk keluar dari kemiskinan terhadap keberdayaan masyarakat miskin khususnya masyarakat miskin yang diberdayakan oleh lembaga zakat sehingga bisa dibuat strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan keberdayaan mereka. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksplanatori dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan SEM (Structural Equation Model). Anggota sampel ditentukan dengan metode non-probability sampling khususnya dengan purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan secara cross section dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sikap untuk keluar dari kemiskinan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keberdayaan.Abstract: This study aims to decide the effect of the attitude of the poor to get out of poverty on the empowerment of the poor, especially the poor who are empowered by zakat institutions so that proper strategies can be made to increase their empowerment. This research is an explanatory study conducted using the SEM (Structural Equation Model) approach. The sample members are determined by the non-probability sampling method especially with purposive sampling. Data collected by cross-section were analyzed quantitatively. In this study it can be concluded that the attitude to get out of poverty has a positive and significant effect on empowerment.