bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Look at the Variance of Summertime Temperatures over Land
Authors: Vargas Zeppetello Lucas R. , Battisti David S. , Baker Marcia B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe increasing frequency of very high summertime temperatures has motivated growing interest in the processes determining the probability distribution of surface temperature over land. Here, we show that on monthly time scales, temperature anomalies can be modeled as linear responses to fluctuations in shortwave radiation and precipitation. Our model contains only three adjustable parameters, and, surprisingly, these can be taken as constant across the globe, notwithstanding large spatial variability in topography, vegetation, and hydrological processes. Using observations of shortwave radiation and precipitation from 2000 to 2017, the model accurately reproduces the observed pattern of temperature variance throughout the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes. In addition, the variance in latent heat flux estimated by the model agrees well with the few long-term records that are available in the central United States. As an application of the model, we investigate the changes in the variance of monthly averaged surface temperature that might be expected due to anthropogenic climate change. We find that a climatic warming of 4°C causes a 10% increase in temperature variance in parts of North America.
Saisir le « nouveau pluralisme religieux » : l’approche de Peter L. Berger
Authors: Nizigama Isaac 
Published: April 2020

Peter L. Berger caractérise le pluralisme religieux moderne comme un « nouveau pluralisme religieux ». Celui-ci, typiquement moderne, se distingue des pluralismes prémodernes notamment par le processus appelé la « contamination cognitive » résultant d’une dialectique, également typiquement moderne, entre, d’une part, la pluralisation des groupes et des contenus religieux, et, de l’autre, l’incertitude et l’itinérance psychologico-spirituelle. Cet article entend analyser, de manière systématique, la conception de ce « nouveau pluralisme religieux » selon Peter L. Berger (1929–2017) à travers ses textes les plus connus publiés de 1960 à 2011. En commençant par la définition de ce concept en comparaison avec celle des concepts de « pluralité » et de « pluralisation », et en opposition avec les formes prémodernes de ce phénomène, nous identifions et analysons quatre traits principaux de ce dernier et montrons la manière dont l’œuvre sociologique et théologique de Berger, lue à travers ces textes, est unifiée par sa théorie du pluralisme religieux moderne. Enfin, nous présentons, à tire indicatif pour le débat académique, des idées pertinentes de quelques auteurs qui ont critiqué ou soutenu les thèses développées par Peter L. Berger sur le pluralisme religieux moderne.
Associations between health-related quality of life, body mass index, health status and sociodemographic variables in geriatric patients and non-hospitalized older people: A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Lærum-Onsager Ellisiv , Brovold Therese , Bergland Astrid , Pripp Are H , Bye Asta 
Published: April 2020

Background: Data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in geriatric patients and non-hospitalized older people are lacking, and the associations among HRQoL, body mass index (BMI) and health status are not sufficiently investigated in these groups. Aim: This study aims to describe and compare HRQoL in a sample of geriatric patients and non-hospitalized people >70 years. It further aims to investigate the associations between HRQoL, BMI, health status and sociodemographic variables in geriatric patients and non-hospitalized people >70 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 107 geriatric patients and 328 non-hospitalized older people. HRQoL was measured with the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and BMI was divided into three classes: underweight (<22 kg/m2), normal weight (22–27 kg/m2) and overweight (>27 kg/m2). Results: All SF-36 scores were lower for the geriatric patients than for the non-hospitalized people ( p < .001). Underweight (BMI <22 kg/m2) was registered for 43.9% of the geriatric patients and for 13.7% of the non-hospitalized people. No significant associations were found between the SF-36 subscale scores and underweight, but overweight was associated with lower scores on physical functioning ( B: –8.7) and vitality ( B: –6.8) compared to those with normal BMI ( p < .05). The participants with rheumatic diseases, pulmonary diseases, hypertension and digestive diseases had significantly lower scores on most SF-36 scales reflecting physical health. Conclusion: HRQoL is substantially lower in geriatric patients than in non-hospitalized older people. The negative effects of both overweight and morbidity on HRQoL indicate that it is important to monitor weight and disease symptoms to promote HRQoL in older people, whether hospitalized or non-hospitalized.
Quantitative brain histogram of canine epilepsy using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Huaijantug Somkiat , Yatmark Paranee , Chinnabrut Phanupong , Rueangsawat Nutruja , Wongkumlue Avirut , Teerapan Wuttiwong , Chatchaisak Duangthip 
Published: April 2020

Background Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to study the anatomy of the brain in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. Purpose To quantitate MRI images in terms of volumetric ratios and histogram analyses of the following regions of interest (ROI) in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy: frontal; parietal; temporal; piriform; thalamic; and hippocampal regions. Material and Methods Nine dogs with epilepsy and four healthy controls were evaluated. We examined the volumetric ratios and histogram analyses of six ROIs in all dogs. Results MR images, in T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient sequences detected changes in 4/9 (44%) epileptic dogs found in 5/6 regions: frontal; parietal; temporal; piriform; and hippocampal regions. However, no such changes were observed in the thalamic region. Interestingly, the frontal and piriform volumetric ratios of epileptic dogs were significantly lower than those of control dogs. The histogram analyses in 4/6 regions were significantly increased in epileptic dogs. Conclusion Our results demonstrated MRI finding abnormalities in several regions of the brain in several sequences including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient in epileptic dogs. In several regions of the brain, atrophy may exist, and hyperintensity may be present on MR images in epileptic dogs. These findings suggest that the diagnostic yield of MRI, which is an advanced neuroimaging technique, is high in epileptic dogs and has good reliability and sensitivity in detecting abnormal areas in patients.
Jianpi Huatan Tongfu granule alleviates inflammation and improves intestinal flora in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Yong Wenxing , Zhang Liying , Chen Yuexuan , Li Juan , Liu Yongqi , Zhang Zhiming 
Published: April 2020

Objectives To investigate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Jianpi Huatan Tongfu granule in treating acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods Sixty patients with AECOPD were enrolled in either of two groups: integrative treatment (Western medicine combined with Jianpi Huatan Tongfu granule) (n = 30) and Western medical treatment (n = 30). Thirty healthy individuals were included in the control group. Results Compared with healthy participants, patients with AECOPD had elevated clinical symptom and dyspnea severity scores. Patients with AECOPD had worsened lung function, compared with healthy participants. The therapeutic efficacy for integrative treatment was superior to Western medical treatment. Inflammatory proteins and cytokines were significantly elevated in patients with AECOPD, including C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α; these were alleviated by both treatments, with more obvious effects for integrative treatment. Integrative treatment significantly changed the intestinal flora in patients with AECOPD, reaching levels comparable with those of healthy participants. Firmicutes abundance was significantly higher in healthy participants, whereas Bacteroidetes abundance was significantly higher in patients with AECOPD. After treatment, Verrucomicrobia abundance was significantly reduced in patients with AECOPD. Conclusion Jianpi Huatan Tongfu granule could alleviate inflammatory responses and improve clinical therapeutic efficacy in patients with AECOPD.
Vulnérabilité au Trouble Bipolaire: La Piste de la Vitamine D
Authors: Naifar Manel , Maalej Bouali Manel , Guidara Wassim , Ellouze Ahmed Slim , Jmal Khalil , Omri Sana , Messedi Meriam , Zouari Lobna , Elleuch Aida , Maalej Mohamed , Chaabouni Khansa , Charfi Nada , Turki Mouna , Jihène Ben Thabet , Ayadi Fatma 
Published: April 2020

Objectifs :L’étiopathogénie du trouble bipolaire (TB) demeure non encore bien élucidée. Récemment, il a été prouvé que la 25-hydroxy-vitamine D(25OHD) a un rôle anti-inflammatoire et neuroprotecteur. Nos objectifs étaient de mesurer les concentrations plasmatiques de la 25OHD chez des patients atteints de TB en décompensation aigue et de les comparer à celles de patients souffrant de schizophrénie (SCZ) ou de trouble schizo-affectif (TSA) et à celles de témoins sainsMéthodes :Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale de type cas-témoins qui a inclus des patients de sexe masculin hospitalisés pour une décompensation de leur maladie et chez qui les diagnostics de TB, SCZ, ou de TSA ont été retenus selon les critères du (DSM-5). Le groupe témoin a été constitué de sujets sains non apparentés, appariés selon l’age et le sexe.Résultats :La concentration de la 25OHD était significativement plus élevée uniquement chez les patients atteints de TB par rapport aux témoins. la 25OHD était aussi corrélée positivement à l’échelle PANSS (r = 0.282, p < 0.001) et aux différents scores de l’échelle MOCA (r = 0.326, p = 0.006) ainsi qu’aux dimensions concernant la capacité d’abstraction, d’attention et la mémoire . A l’analyse multivariée, la décompensation aigue du TB était liée de manière indépendante à l’élévation de la 25OHD plasmatique (p = 0.012; OR = 1.157, [1.032 -1.297]).Conclusion :Notre étude a montré que la décompensation aigue des TB était associée à une élévation de la synthèse de la 25OHD plasmatique. Toutefois, la pertinence du dosage de la vitamine D comme biomarqueur de cette maladie mérite d’être vérifiée par d’autres études.
Systematic review of primary total hip arthroplasty using titanium-titanium modular-neck prostheses: the true risk of revision
Authors: Lex Johnathan R , Welch Matthew D , See Abbas , Edwards Thomas C , Stavropoulos Nikolaos A , Babis George C 
Published: April 2020

Aims: Modular-neck femoral implants are used to enable more variability in femoral neck version, offset and length. It has been reported that these implants carry a higher rate of revision. The aim of this review was to assess the overall and cause-specific revision rate of titanium-titanium alloy modular-neck implants in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and utilising multiple databases. All results were screened for eligibility. Studies published from 2000 onwards, using a current-generation, titanium-titanium, modular-neck implant were included. Overall and cause-specific revision rates were analysed, comparing to fixed-neck prostheses where applicable. Results: 920 studies were screened. After applying exclusion criteria, 23 were assessed in full and 14 included. These consisted of 12 case series and 2 joint registry analyses. 21,841 patients underwent a modular-neck implant with a weighted mean follow-up of 5.7 years, mean age of 62.4 years, and average body mass index (BMI) of 28.4kg/m2. The overall revision rate was 3.95% and 2.98% for modular and fixed-neck prostheses, respectively. For studies with >5 years follow-up the mean revision rate was 3.08%. There was no difference in cause-specific revision rates by implant design. Mean improvement in Harris Hip Score was 41.9. Conclusions: At medium-term, revision rates for titanium-titanium primary modular-neck THA are acceptable. These prostheses are a sensible management option in patients with considerable anatomical hip deformity not amenable to correction with standard fixed-neck implants. Patients of male gender, high BMI and requiring prostheses with a larger neck, offset or head are at higher risk of implant failure.
Thigh sarcopenia and hypoalbuminemia predict impaired overall survival after infrainguinal revascularization in patients with critical limb ischemia
Authors: Morisaki Koichi , Furuyama Tadashi , Matsubara Yutaka , Inoue Kentaro , Kurose Shun , Yoshino Shinichiro , Nakayama Ken , Yamashita Sho , Yoshiya Keiji , Mori Masaki 
Published: April 2020

Objective This study was performed to determine whether thigh sarcopenia can serve as a clinically relevant predictor of postoperative complications and overall survival after revascularization in patients with critical limb ischemia. Methods Patients who underwent preoperative computed tomography followed by infrainguinal revascularization from 2006 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. An axial computed tomography image was obtained at the midpoint of a line extending from the superior border of the patella to the greater trochanter of the femur. The thigh muscle area and bone area were measured. Thigh sarcopenia was defined as thigh muscle area/thigh bone area of <9. Results We included 117 patients with critical limb ischemia who underwent infrainguinal revascularization. The overall survival rates at two years were 86.5% and 55.1% in the thigh sarcopenia (−) and (+) groups, respectively ( p < 0.01). The multivariate analysis showed that thigh sarcopenia (hazard ratio, 2.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–6.70; p = 0.03), cerebrovascular disease (hazard ratio, 3.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–7.36; p = 0.01), and serum albumin level (1 g/dL per increments) (hazard ratio, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.21–0.81; p = 0.01) were the risk factors for overall survival two years after revascularization. Conclusion Thigh sarcopenia is a risk factor for two-year overall survival in patients with critical limb ischemia after infrainguinal revascularization.
Bond integrity and microleakage of dentin-bonded crowns cemented with bioactive cement in comparison to resin cements: in vitro study
Authors: Vohra Fahim , Altwaim Manea , Alshuwaier Abdulaziz S , Alomayri Abdullah , Al Deeb Modhi , AlFawaz Yasser F , Alrabiah Mohammed , Al Ahdal Khold , Al Deeb Laila , Abduljabbar Tariq 
Published: April 2020

Objective: The aim was to compare restorative marginal integrity of ceramic crowns luted with bioactive and resin cements using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) microleakage evaluations and bond strength assessment. Methods: Thirty molar teeth were prepared by sectioning and polishing for dentin exposure for resin cement build-ups. Teeth were randomly divided among three groups of cements: (1) bioactive (ACTIVA); (2) glass ionomer cement (GIC; Ketac Cem); and (3) resin luting agent (Nexus 3). Bonding regime and build-ups (4 mm × 2 mm) were performed using the recommended protocol. For microleakage assessment, 30 premolar teeth were prepared for dentin-bonded crowns using lithium disilicate ceramic and the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technique. Crowns were cemented with standard load, cement amount, and duration using three cements (Group A: bioactive; Group B: GIC; Group C: resin) and photopolymerized. Cemented crowns were evaluated for volumetric infiltration using micro-CT (Skyscan, Bruker 1173- at 86 kV, 93 µA, 620 ms) after immersion in 50% solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) (24 hours). Shear bond strength (SBS) was assessed by fracture of cement build-ups at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min in a universal testing machine. Results: Mean SBS among bioactive (21.54 ± 3.834 MPa) specimens was significantly higher than that for GIC (14.08 ± 3.25 MPa) specimens ( p < 0.01), but they were comparable to resin samples ( p > 0.05) (24.73 ± 4.32 MPa). Microleakage was significantly lower in crowns luted with bioactive (0.381 ± 0.134) cement compared to GIC (1.057 ± 0.399 mm3) ( p < 0.01) and resin (0.734 ± 0.166 mm3) ( p = 0.014) cemented crowns. The type of luting agent had a significant influence on the microleakage of crowns and bond strength to dentin ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Bioactive cement exhibited less microleakage and comparable SBS to resin luting agents in in vitro conditions.
Treg sensitivity to FasL and relative IL-2 deprivation drive idiopathic aplastic anemia immune dysfunction
Authors: Lim Shok Ping , Costantini Benedetta , Mian Syed A. , Perez Abellan Pilar , Gandhi Shreyans , Martinez Llordella Marc , Lozano Juan Jose , Antunes dos Reis Rita , Povoleri Giovanni A. M. , Mourikis Thanos P. , Abarrategi Ander , Ariza-McNaughton Linda , Heck Susanne , Irish Jonathan M. , Lombardi Giovanna , Marsh Judith C. W. , Bonnet Dominique , Kordasti Shahram , Mufti Ghulam J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Idiopathic aplastic anemia (AA) has 2 key characteristics: an autoimmune response against hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) deficiency. We have previously demonstrated reduction in a specific subpopulation of Treg in AA, which predicts response to immunosuppression. The aims of the present study were to define mechanisms of Treg subpopulation imbalance and identify potential for therapeutic intervention. We have identified 2 mechanisms that lead to skewed Treg composition in AA: first, FasL-mediated apoptosis on ligand interaction; and, second, relative interleukin-2 (IL-2) deprivation. We have shown that IL-2 augmentation can overcome these mechanisms. Interestingly, when high concentrations of IL-2 were used for in vitro Treg expansion cultures, AA Tregs were able to expand. The expanded populations expressed a high level of p-BCL-2, which makes them resistant to apoptosis. Using a xenograft mouse model, the function and stability of expanded AA Tregs were tested. We have shown that these Tregs were able to suppress the macroscopic clinical features and tissue manifestations of T-cell–mediated graft-versus-host disease. These Tregs maintained their suppressive properties as well as their phenotype in a highly inflammatory environment. Our findings provide an insight into the mechanisms of Treg reduction in AA. We have identified novel targets with potential for therapeutic interventions. Supplementation of ex vivo expansion cultures of Tregs with high concentrations of IL-2 or delivery of IL-2 directly to patients could improve clinical outcomes in addition to standard immunosuppressive therapy.
Short-latency afferent inhibition and somato-sensory evoked potentials during the migraine cycle: surrogate markers of a cycling cholinergic thalamo-cortical drive?
Authors: Coppola Gianluca , Di Lenola Davide , Abagnale Chiara , Ferrandes Fabio , Sebastianelli Gabriele , Casillo Francesco , Di Lorenzo Cherubino , Serrao Mariano , Evangelista Maurizio , Schoenen Jean , Pierelli Francesco 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) consists of motor cortex inhibition induced by sensory afferents and depends on the excitatory effect of cholinergic thalamocortical projections on inhibitory GABAergic cortical networks. Given the electrophysiological evidence for thalamo-cortical dysrhythmia in migraine, we studied SAI in migraineurs during and between attacks and searched for correlations with somatosensory habituation, thalamocortical activation, and clinical features.

Methods
SAI was obtained by conditioning the transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced motor evoked potential (MEP) with an electric stimulus on the median nerve at the wrist with random stimulus intervals corresponding to the latency of individual somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) N20 plus 2, 4, 6, or 8 ms. We recruited 30 migraine without aura patients, 16 between (MO), 14 during an attack (MI), and 16 healthy volunteers (HV). We calculated the slope of the linear regression between the unconditioned MEP amplitude and the 4-conditioned MEPs as a measure of SAI. We also measured SSEP amplitude habituation, and high-frequency oscillations (HFO) as an index of thalamo-cortical activation.

Results
Compared to HV, SAI, SSEP habituation and early SSEP HFOs were significantly reduced in MO patients between attacks, but enhanced during an attack. There was a positive correlation between degree of SAI and amplitude of early HFOs in HV, but not in MO or MI.

Conclusions
The migraine cycle-dependent variations of SAI and SSEP HFOs are further evidence that facilitatory thalamocortical activation (of GABAergic networks in the motor cortex for SAI), likely to be cholinergic, is reduced in migraine between attacks, but increased ictally.
Development and psychometric evaluation of waste separation beliefs and behaviors scale among female students of medical sciences university based on the extended parallel process model
Authors: Abbasi Aazam , Araban Marzieh , Heidari Zahra , Alidosti Masoumeh , Zamani-Alavijeh Fereshteh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The increasing production of un-recycled waste is a great threat to public health. Therefore, assessment and measurement of people’s beliefs and perceptions with regard to these threats can contribute to the development of suitable educational messages promoting waste separation behaviors. This study aimed to carry out the scale development and psychometric evaluation of behaviors and beliefs associated with waste separation among female students.

Method
This methodological research was performed in 2019. The primary questionnaire was developed based on the assessment of waste separation beliefs and behaviors based on the extended parallel process model. Afterwards, to confirm the content and face validity of the research tool, the opinions of 14 faculty members and certain students were asked for, respectively. In order to assess the construct validity of the questionnaire, exploratory factor analysis was performed based on the data collected from 386 female students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The internal and external reliability of the tool was determined through estimating Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest based on intraclass correlation (ICC) index, respectively.

Results
The mean age and academic semester of the students were 22 ± 1.9 years and 5.58 ± 2.6, respectively. The primary version of the questionnaire was designed with 65 items; one item was omitted during the content validity process. Construct validity with factor analysis technique yielded nine dimensions including 64 items with a factor loading above 0.3. The overall reliability of the research tool was confirmed at Cronbach’s alpha of 0.87. Furthermore, the ICC of the entire questionnaire was 0.89.

Conclusion
According to the results of the study, the final 64-item questionnaire could be used by various researchers to assess waste separation beliefs and behaviors considering suitable psychometric features.