bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness-based interventions for children and adolescents across all settings: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Perrier Marie-France , Gurgel-Juarez Nalia , Flowers Heather Leslie , McCormick Anna , Short Sarah J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and purpose: Although mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are becoming increasingly popular, the application of MBIs with children and adolescents is still in its infancy. Mapping the existing literature is necessary to help guide pediatric mindfulness interventions. Our purpose is to synthesize the evidence of reported MBIs for children and adolescents with and without physical, mental, and cognitive disorders. Accordingly, we aim to identify trends and gaps in the literature, so that we can provide direction to researchers who seek to advance the evidence base for using MBIs in pediatric populations.Methods: Our search strategy will be conducted following Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework. It will include a comprehensive search of published studies in 7 databases, grey literature, conference proceedings, and citations of selected articles. Two independent reviewers will evaluate all abstracts and full articles that: have a pediatric sample (children 2-17 years); use MBIs to promote development or to remediate underlying disorders; and are written in English or French. We will identify the definitions and concepts from MBIs, categorize accepted studies according to etiology and rehabilitation type, describe intervention methodology, and report outcomes of selected studies.Discussion: Our review will provide a comprehensive overview of the pediatric mindfulness intervention literature to date, involving a range of mental, cognitive and physical outcomes for healthy children and adolescents and for those with a variety of disorders in clinical and institutional settings. We will disseminate results to mindfulness practitioners and provide guidance to future pediatric researchers in their development and application of mindfulness interventions, thereby contributing to the scientific understanding of mindfulness for the ultimate betterment of child and adolescent well-being and life-long functioning. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO does not accept scoping review protocols.v
TRIM3 inhibits P53 signaling in breast cancer cells
Authors: Wang Xinxing , Zhang Yujie , Pei Xinhong , Guo Guangcheng , Xue Bingjian , Duan Xin , Dou Dongwei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBeast cancer is the most common women cancer worldwide, while two third of them are ER alpha positive breast cancer. Among the ER alpha positive breast cancer, about 80% are P53 wild type, indicating the potential tumor suppression role in ER alpha positive breast cancer. Since P53 is an important safeguard to inhibit cell malignant transformation, reactivating P53 signaling could a plausible approach to treat breast cancer.MethodsTRIM3 protein levels were measured by western blot, while the P53 classical target genes were measured by real-time PCR. WST1 assay were used to measure cell proliferation, while cleaved caspase-3 was used to detect cell apoptosis. Protein stability and ubiquitin assay were used to detect the P53 protein ubiquitin and stability. The immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the protein interactions. Immuno-staining was used to detect the protein localization of P53 and TRIM3, while the ubiquitin-based immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the specific ubiquitination manner of P53.ResultsIn our study, we identified TRIM3 as an endogenous inhibitor for P53 signaling. TRIM3 depletion inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. In addition, TRIM3 depletion increased P53 protein level in breast cancer cell. Further investigation showed that TRIM3 could associate with P53 and promote P53 K48-linked ubiquitination and degradation.ConclusionOur study identified a novel post-translational modification mechanism between TRIM3 and P53. TRIM3 depletion or blockage could be a promising strategy to rescue P53 signaling and inhibit breast cancer progression.
Risk Evaluation on Security Personnel Managing Illegal Detainees in a Makeshift COVID-19 Low Risk Quarantine and Treatment Center
Authors: Rahman Anita Abd , Moideen Mohd Arshil , Anuar Erlendawati Mohd , Mahabot Fuad Ridha , Mustapha Wan Mohd Harith Wan , Rusli Mohammad Farhan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic situation in Malaysia has resulted in a whole country approach where a newly built makeshift low risk Covid-19 treatment centre was chosen to house all COVID-19 positive illegal immigrants. In view of the security situation as the risks of these detainees behaving aggressively, taking hostage, running away and escaping from the treatment centre were high, governmental, non-governmental and security agencies came together and worked alongside the healthcare personnel for this treatment centre. This paper entails risk evaluation that needs to be considered to all the security personnel working in this centre as there was no precedent of similar situation in the country.Methodology: This is a semi-quantitative and integrated type of hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control (HIRARC) approach where it incorporates risk rating and severity rating to cover four elements, which are people, property, environment, and reputation. Total scores range from 1 to 25 and was further categorized into low, medium and high risk in a color-coded representation. The assessment was done for two weeks from 27th May 2020 till 11th June 2020.Result & Discussion: Risk evaluation identified four types of hazards which were physical, biological, psychological and ergonomics hazards. Physical hazards with possible violence and riot scored the highest risk while ergonomic issues had the lowest rating. Appropriate control measures to mitigate all the potential risks were appropriately implemented through a solid multi-agencies’ collaborative effort. This evaluation serves as a good planning tool in optimizing the risk mitigation measures among security personnel working in a biological hazardous environment. Conclusion: The mapping combination of existing hazard, risk rating and control was able to facilitate organization to prioritise future planning. With the fluidity of the COVID-19 pandemic, periodical evaluation is recommended to meet dynamic changes such as demands for frontliner manpower strength, the number of existing detainee patients in ward and the evolution of the COVID-19 infection itself in order to maintain safety and security for all. (318 words)
Nivolumab monotherapy or combination therapy with Ipilimumab for lung cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jiang Huihui , Xu Aiqun , Xia Xingyuan , Li Pulin , Zhang Binbin , Zhu Ke , Zhou Sijing , Wang Ran 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody that can inhibit programmed death 1 (PD-1) and Ipilimumab is a monoclonal antibody against CTLA-4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4), both of which can prevent the immune escape of tumor cells. Our goal was to synthesize evidence from published randomized controlled trials involving the safety and efficacy of either Nivolumab alone or in combination for the treatment of unresectable lung cancer. Methods: We searched the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries, and screened the retrieved records for eligibility. We used the Stata16 software for the analyses. The results of the analysis are expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) or risk ratios (RRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The final analysis included nine trials involving 4754 patients. Among patients with advanced lung cancer, patients using immunosuppressive therapy had better overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and an objective response rate (ORR) than patients receiving chemotherapy. The HR of Nivolumab monotherapy or combination therapy with OS was compared with that of chemotherapy (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.64–0.83; HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.93), and the HR of PFS was (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69–0.94; HR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76–0.98).Conclusions: Immunotherapy has been shown to have more clinically meaningful survival benefits for patients with lung cancer, whether monotherapy or combination immunotherapy.
Reproducibility and Validity of A Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for the Chinese Lactating Mothers
Authors: Ding Ye , Li Fang , Ye Mei , Xu Fangping , Jiang Wei , Yang Yue , Fu Youjuan , Hu Ping , Zhu Yunhua , Lu Xiaolong , Liu Ying , Xie Zhencheng , Wang Zhixu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The dietary nutritional status of the lactating mothers is related to maternal health and has a significant impact on the growth and development of infants through the secretion of breast milk. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is the most cost-effective dietary assessment method that can help obtain information on the usual dietary pattern of participants. Until now, the FFQs have been used for different populations in China, but there are few FFQs available for the lactating mothers. We aimed to develop a semi-quantitative, 156-item FFQ for the Chinese lactating mothers, and evaluate its reproducibility and validity.Methods: A total of 112 lactating mothers completed two FFQs and one 3-d dietary record (3DR). The first FFQ (FFQ1) was conducted during postpartum at 60-65 days and the second FFQ (FFQ2) during subsequent follow-up at 5 weeks. The 3DR was completed with portion sizes assessed using photographs taken by the respondent before and after eating (instant photography) 1 week after FFQ1. Results: For reproducibility, the Spearman’s correlation coefficients for food ranged from 0.34 to 0.68, and for nutrients from 0.25 to 0.61. Meanwhile, the intra-class correlation coefficients for food ranged from 0.48 to 0.87, and for nutrients from 0.27 to 0.70. For validity, the Spearman’s correlation coefficients for food ranged from 0.32 to 0.56, and for nutrients from 0.23 to 0.72. The energy-adjusted coefficients for food ranged from 0.26 to 0.55, and for nutrients from 0.22 to 0.47. Moreover, the de-attenuation coefficients for food ranged from 0.34 to 0.67, and for nutrients from 0.28 to 0.77. The Bland-Altman plots also showed reasonably acceptable agreement between the two methods.Conclusions: This FFQ is a reasonably reproducible and a valid tool for assessing dietary intake of the Chinese lactating mothers.
Wave-Slope Soaring of the Brown Pelican
Authors: Stokes Ian , Lucas Andrew 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: From the laboratory at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, one can observe the brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) traveling along the crests of near-shoaling waves just outside the surf zone. In this manner, the birds travel great distances without flapping, all the while a scant ~ 30 cm off the ocean's surface. Here we derive a theoretical framework for assessing the energetic benefit of this behavior, "wave-slope soaring,'' in which an organism in flight takes advantage of updrafts caused by traveling ocean surface gravity waves. Methods: The energy cost of steady, constant altitude flight is analyzed as a control. Potential flow theory is used to quantify the ocean wave-induced wind associated with near-shoaling, weakly nonlinear, shallow water ocean surface gravity waves. Using a regular expansion of the Stokes stream function and the Green's function for Laplace's equation in 2D with Dirichlet boundary conditions, we obtain integral expressions for the horizontal and vertical components of the wave-induced wind. The development of these relationships produces expressions for the components of the wave-induced wind in a frame of reference moving with the wave. Wave-slope soaring flight is then analyzed using an energetics-based approach for waves of typical ocean conditions (wave height of 1m, period of 10s) and the body plan of P. occidentalis . Results: For pure ground effect flight, we calculate an upper bound mechanical advantage of ~ 20 - 25\% as compared with steady, level flight without ground effect. When wave-slope soaring is employed, we calculate an upper bound mechanical advantage of ~ 50 - 60\% as compared with steady, level flight without ground effect. Conclusions: The theoretical development presented here suggests there are energy savings associated with wave-slope soaring. Individual brown pelicans may gain upwards of 50\% mechanical advantage utilizing this mode of flight under typical ocean conditions, as compared to steady, level flight out of ground effect. Thus wave-slope soaring appears to provide a significant benefit to these highly mobile organisms that depend on patchy prey distribution over large home ranges.
Ethnoveterinary Plants Used by Tribal People in The Northern Tanzania
Authors: Tomeka Thobias Oddo , Mremi Rudolf , Machumu Alodia Kanilwa , Sanya John , Kisingo Alex Wilbard 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the increasing use of modern veterinary services to cater for livestock healthcare needs, traditional remedy remains a prominent complementary medical practice yet inadequately documented. This is especially so in areas of rural Tanzania where livestock diseases are rampant and modern veterinary services are insufficiently provided. This study, therefore, aims to understand and document the indigenous knowledge associated with the use ethnoveterinary plants in curing livestock ailments in the northern Tanzania. Methods: Ethnobotanical data from livestock keepers were collected through structured and semi structured interviews. A total of 161 informants were selected from Hai, Moshi, Siha and Meru districts in northern Tanzania using snowball sampling technique. The fidelity level, frequency index, and informant consensus factor ere estimated from the data. Results: We found a total of 54 ethnoveterinary plants belonging to 51 genera and 35 families used to treat 34 kinds of livestock ailments. About 59% of all medicinal plants examined during this study were extracted from the leaves, mainly prepared in crushed form – infusions (29%) and administered orally (77%). Further results show that 77.1% of the formulations were prepared by plant materials obtained from a single species while 22.9% were prepared from different species. Aloe vera (L.) Burm, and Aloe volkensii Engl. scored the highest frequency indices (40.5 each) for 2 treating Newcastle in poultry, and anti-diarrhoea in cattle, respectively. The highest fidelity levels were found in Capsicum frutescens L. (100) and Kigelia Africana L. (100) both responsible for treating Newcastle in Chicken, and Ficus sycomorus (Lam.) Benth (100) for relieving birth complications in cattle. Newcastle and respiratory ailment categories had the highest informant consensus factor value of 0.92 with 103 use-reports, referring to the use of nine plant species. Conclusions: The high use of such ethnoveterinary plant in treating livestock ailments highlights their veterinary importance and the need for government support for initiatives aimed at preserving this knowledge as an alternative healthcare practice for livestock in rural Tanzania.
Neuropsychological Functioning and Academic Abilities in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Granjon Marine , Rohmer Odile , Doignon-Camus Nadège , Popa-Roch Maria , Pietrement Christine , Gavens Nathalie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background The involvement of the central nervous system is not rare in rheumatoid diseases. Even though children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) may face academic difficulties until adulthood, very few studies have evaluated potential cognitive disorders in these patients. The present research aims to thoroughly investigate the cognitive and neuropsychological functioning of these patients.MethodsWe measured the cognitive profile of JIA patients via their neuropsychological profile, implicit memory and social cognition skills, and estimated their academic performance using reading and mathematics tests. We recruited 21 children with JIA aged 6 to 17 years-old (M = 11.01, SD = 3.30) and 21 healthy children matched in age, gender, academic level (same school class) and socioeconomic status.Results Our results showed that the cognitive profile and estimated academic ability of JIA patients are similar to those of their peers. These results support the hypothesis that children with JIA have the same cognitive predispositions to succeed at school as any other pupil.ConclusionComparing our results with the existing literature, we propose complementary hypotheses for further research. Longitudinal studies seem to be necessary to understand the psychosocial and cognitive processes involved in the development of children with JIA.
Diagnosis and Transvascular Embolization for Ruptured Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations: Outcomes from a 12 Years’ Retrospective Study
Authors: Ma Xu , Jie Bing , Yu Dong , Li Ling-Ling , Jiang Sen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are rare, and the life-threatening hemorrhagic complications, including hemoptysis and hemothorax, are extremely uncommon. However, the management of large series of ruptured PAVMs has not been described in recent years. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients who developed ruptured PAVMs between January 2008 and December 2019. We assessed the clinical and imaging data to summarize the incidence and characteristics of ruptured PAVMs, and outcomes following embolization with coils or plugs. A paired-sample t-test analysis, Kaplan–Meier method and the simple linear regression were accessed, as appropriate.Results Eighteen (5.49%) of 328 patients diagnosed with PAVMs developed hemorrhagic complications. Twelve of these 18 patients were clinically diagnosed with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) (incidence, 66.67%). Eleven of 18 patients were female. Eight of the 11 females were diagnosed with HHT. Twenty-eight lesions were detected, and the simple type was more common (82.14%) than the complex type. 89.29% of lesions were located in the peripheral lung. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed indirect signs to predict the ruptured PAVMs in cases of hemothorax. Technical success of embolotherapy was achieved in all cases. Two days after treatment, pulmonary function was significantly improved and bleeding was controlled (P<0.05), and no patients showed recanalization of PAVMs. Two patients in the hemoptysis group died of other reasons during follow-up and the mean follow-up time was 3.22±2.52 years (range, 7 months to 10 years). The hemorrhage volume was linearly associated with the diameter of the afferent arteries in the ruptured lesions.Conclusions CTA was able to diagnose ruptured PAVMs, and embolotherapy led to successful resolution of symptoms in all 18 patients who had ruptured PAVMs. Ruptured PAVMs must be considered when managing patients with hemothorax or hemoptysis, especially female patients with HHT.
Data-driven FDG-PET subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease-related neurodegeneration
Authors: Levin Fedor , Ferreira Daniel , Lange Catharina , Dyrba Martin , Westman Eric , Buchert Ralph , Teipel Stefan , Grothe Michel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPrevious research has described distinct subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) based on differences in regional patterns of brain atrophy on MRI. We conducted a data-driven exploration of distinct AD neurodegeneration subtypes using FDG-PET as a sensitive molecular imaging marker of neurodegenerative processes.MethodsHierarchical clustering of voxel-wise FDG-PET data from 177 amyloid-positive patients with AD dementia enrolled in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) was used to identify distinct hypometabolic subtypes of AD, which were then further characterized with respect to clinical and biomarker characteristics. We then classified FDG-PET scans of 217 amyloid-positive patients with mild cognitive impairment (‘prodromal AD’) according to the identified subtypes and studied their domain-specific cognitive trajectories and progression to dementia over a follow-up interval of up to 72 months. ResultsThree main hypometabolic subtypes were identified: (i) “typical” (48.6%), showing a classic posterior temporo-parietal hypometabolic pattern, (ii) “limbic-predominant” (44.6%), characterized by old age and a memory-predominant cognitive profile, and (iii) a relatively rare “cortical-predominant” subtype (6.8%) characterized by younger age and more severe executive dysfunction. Subtypes classified in the prodromal AD sample demonstrated similar subtype characteristics as in the AD dementia sample and further showed differential courses of cognitive decline. ConclusionsThese findings complement recent research efforts on MRI-based identification of distinct AD atrophy subtypes and may provide a potentially more sensitive molecular imaging tool for early detection and characterization of AD-related neurodegeneration variants at prodromal disease stages.
Health Care Workers’ Experiences of Managing Foetal Distress and Birth Asphyxia at Health Facilities in Northern Uganda
Authors: Ayebare Elizabeth , Ndeezi Grace , Hjelmstedt Anna , Nakunda Jolly , Tumwine James K. , Hanson Claudia , Jonas Wibke 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBirth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of intrapartum stillbirth and neonatal mortality worldwide. We sought to explore the experiences of health care workers in managing foetal distress and birth asphyxia to gain an understanding of the challenges in a low-income setting.MethodsWe conducted in-depth interviews with 12 midwives and four doctors working in maternity units from different health facilities in Northern Uganda in 2018. We used a semi-structured interview guide which included questions related to; health care workers’ experiences of maternity care, care for foetal distress and birth asphyxia, views on possible preventive actions and perspectives of the community. Audio recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive content analysis. ResultsFour categories emerged: i) understanding of and actions for foetal distress and birth asphyxia including knowledge, misconception and interventions; ii) Challenges of managing foetal distress and birth asphyxia such as complexities of the referral system, refusal of referral, lack of equipment, and human resource problems, iii) Expectations and blame from the community, and finally iv) Health care worker’ insights into prevention of foetal distress and birth asphyxia. ConclusionHealth care workers described management of foetal distress and birth asphyxia as complex and challenging. Thus, guidelines to manage foetal distress and birth asphyxia that are specifically tailored to the different levels of health facilities to ensure high quality of care and reduction of need for referral are called for. Innovative ways to operationalise transportation for referral and community dialogues could lead to improved birth experiences and outcomes.