bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytodestructive Effects of Photodynamic Exposure in Primary Cultures of Malignant Glioma Cells
Authors: Rozumenko Volodymyr , Liubich Larysa , Staino Larysa , Egorova Diana , Dashchakovskyi Andrii , Malysheva Tatyana 
Published: December 2024

Background. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising adjuvant method for the treatment of malignant gliomas (MG), including tumors with continued growth and tumor recurrences. For the clinical application of PDT, it is important to substantiate the effectiveness of the cytodestructive effect of the combined use of laser irradiation (LI) and photosensitizer (PS).
Objective. To evaluate the cytodestructive effects of photodynamic exposure with the use of PS chlorine E6 on primary MG cell cultures.
Methods. Primary cell cultures were obtained from samples of biopsy material from patients (n = 6) with a veri­fied diagnosis: 3 primary tumors (1 case of diffuse astrocytoma, NOS (G3), 1 – glioblastoma (GB), NOS (G4), 1 – gliosarcoma (G4)) and 3 – with continued tumor growth (1 – diffuse astrocytoma, NOS (G3), 1 – oligo­dendroglioma, NOS (G3) and 1 – GB, NOS (G4). Groups of cell cultures included: 1) control – cultured in a standard nutrient medium and experimental; 2) cultured with the addition of chlorine E6 (2.0 mg/ml); 3) cultivated without the addition of PS and subjected to LI; 4) cultivated with the addition of chlorine E6 and subsequent exposure to LI. After 24 h, morphological and morpho­metric studies were carried out.
Results. The primary MG cultures were characterized by different growth dynamics; mitotic activity of tumor cells varied from the highest rate in the culture of primary GB to lower values – in cultures of recurrent GB and primary astrocytoma and gliosarcoma, and the lowest – in cultures of continued growth of astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma after combined treatment. Direct exposure to chlorine E6 and LI reduced the total number of cells in the culture and their mitotic activity. The greatest cytodestructive effect was achieved with the combined effect of chlorine E6 and LI: the effective dose in the case of primary astrocytoma cells is 10 J/cm2 in pulse mode; for cells of primary GB and gliosarcoma, recurrent astrocytoma and oligodendro­glioma, the effective dose is 25 J/cm2 in pulsed mode. In the case of GB cells, continued growth, a dose of 25 J/cm2 is effective for both continuous and pulsed modes of LI.
Conclusions. Primary cell cultures of MG obtained directly from tumor tissue are an adequate model for evaluating the effectiveness of the cytodestructive effect of the combined use of LI and PS for PDT.
Effects of Thermal and Stress Cycles on the Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Rocks
Authors: Meng Xianwei , Zhang Xinran , Chi Mingbo , Du Kun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The surrounding rock of underground rock chamber is frequently affected by disturbance load and circulating temperature; it is meaningful to study the mechanical properties of surrounding rock under these conditions for the construction of a safe and effective underground chamber. This study investigates the mechanical properties, failure modes, and acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of basalt and sandstone under various pretreatments, including water saturation pretreatment (rock samples [SR]), rock samples subjected to cyclic temperature pretreatment (SR-CTT), rock samples subjected to cyclic loading pretreatment (SR-CLT), and rock samples subjected to combined cyclic loading and temperature pretreatment (SR-CTT-CLT). A series of uniaxial compression tests (UCTs) were conducted to analyze how these pretreatments affect the mechanical properties of basalt and sandstone. These two kinds of rock exhibit distinct failure modes, SR-CLT and SR-CTT-CLT make the failure of basalt change from inclined shear to X-shaped shear, while SR-CLT makes it turn into splitting. AE data reveal that basalt generally exhibits lower AE counts than sandstone, with the highest counts observed under SR-CTT-CLT. Energy analysis indicates that basalt accumulates more total energy (Et) and elastic energy (Ee) compared to sandstone, with different pretreatments affecting energy dissipation (Ed) and damage severity differently in each rock type. These findings contribute to understanding the complex interactions between pretreatment methods and rock behavior in engineering applications.
Wireless Power Reception System Based on Metasurface Lens for Compact Unmanned Mobilities
Authors: Lee Hojin , Lee Wonwoo , Park Hong Soo , Jo Semin , Jang Seonhye , Kim Yongchan , Park Changkun , Hong Sun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this paper, a wireless power reception system is proposed for compact unmanned mobilities. It comprises an electromagnetic (EM) wave focusing metasurface lens integrated patch antenna for improved EM wave reception and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuit rectifier to convert received millimetre waves to DC power source. Dynamic wireless power reception could be stably realised by exploiting the polarisation independency and wider incident angle characteristics, even when a misalignment occurs between the transmitter and receiver antennas. Compared to the conventional patch array antenna structure, the main radiation pattern of the proposed metasurface structure shows noticeably wider angular coverages for both E- and H- planes, confirming the wider wireless power receiving capability even for oblique incident waves. Finally, to demonstrate the wireless power transfer capability of the proposed system, the metasurface based wireless power reception IC system is implemented on a miniaturised actuator system based on ionic elastomer mimicking a locomotive “bug”, confirming that the proposed concept holds promise potentially for a full-scale, high power, longer range operation for powering small, unmanned vehicles.
Genome-wide identification of long non-coding RNA for Botrytis cinerea during infection to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves
Authors: Shi Haojie , Ding Guijuan , Wang Yun , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Xiaoli , Wang Dan , Lu Ping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays important roles in animals and plants. In filamentous fungi, however, their biological function in infection stage has been poorly studied. Here, we investigated the landscape and regulation of lncRNA in the filamentous plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea by strand-specific RNA-seq of multiple infection stages. In total, 1837 lncRNAs have been identified in B. cinerea. A large number of lncRNAs were found to be antisense to mRNAs, forming 743 sense-antisense pairs, of which 55 antisense lncRNAs and their respective sense transcripts were induced in parallel as the infection stage. Although small RNAs were produced from these overlapping loci, antisense lncRNAs appeared not to be involved in gene silencing pathways. In addition, we found the alternative splicing events occurred in lncRNA. These results highlight the developmental stage-specific nature and functional potential of lncRNA expression in the infection stage and provide fundamental resources for studying infection stage-induced lncRNAs.
Evaluating the Prognostic Value of Radiomics and Clinical Features in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Using [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT
Authors: Molin Kaylee , Barry Nathaniel , Gill Suki , Hassan G. M. , Francis Roslyn J. , Ong Jeremy S. L. , Ebert Martin A. , Kendrick Jake 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a significant global health issue due to its high incidence and poor outcomes in metastatic disease. This study aims to develop models predicting overall survival for patients with metastatic biochemically recurrent prostate cancer, potentially helping to identify high-risk patients and enabling more tailored treatment options. A multi-centre cohort of 180 such patients underwent [68Ga]Ga PSMA-11 PET/CT scans, with lesions semi-automatically segmented and radiomics features extracted from lesions. The analysis included two phases: univariable and multivariable. Univariable analysis used Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models to correlate individual features with overall survival. Multivariable analysis used the LASSO Cox proportional hazards method to create 13 models: radiomics-only, clinical-only, and various combinations of radiomic and clinical features. Each model included six features and was bootstrapped 1000 times to obtain concordance indices with 95% confidence intervals, followed by optimism correction. In the univariable analysis, 6 out of 8 clinical features and 68 out of 89 radiomic features were significantly correlated with overall survival, including age, disease stage, total lesional uptake and total lesional volume. The optimism-corrected concordance indices from the multivariable models were 0.722 (95% CI: 0.653–0.784) for the clinical model, 0.681 (95% CI: 0.616–0.745) for the radiomics model, and 0.704 (95% CI: 0.648–0.768) for the combined model with three clinical and three radiomic features, when extracting radiomics features from the largest lesion only. While univariable analysis showed significant prognostic value for many radiomic features, their integration into multivariable models did not improve predictive accuracy beyond clinical features alone.
A Hybrid Data Assimilation Method Based on Real-Time Ensemble Kalman Filtering and KNN for COVID-19 Prediction
Authors: Zhang SongTao , Yang LiHong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In the increasingly complex transmission pathways of modern society, using a single infectious disease prediction model has become increasingly limiting. For highly contagious viruses, even employing a time-depender Susceptible-exposedasymptomatic- infected-quarantined-removed (SEAIQR) model that is tailored to regional conditions still demonstrates inadequate predictive capability. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a hybrid data assimilation method that combines real-time Ensemble Kalman Filtering (EnKF), specifically adapted to epidemic dynamics, with the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm. This integration enhances the predictive capabilities of the time-dependent SEAIQR model. Numerical experiments are performed using reported COVID-19 cases from Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China, spanning December 9, 2021, to January 8, 2022, as observational data. The results show a marked improvement in predictive accuracy compared to traditional forecasting models and other data assimilation techniques.This hybrid approach enhances the accuracy and reliability of predictive models, offering new insights for future epidemic forecasting and disease control strategies.
Examining Cognitions in an Anger Episode with and without Physical Aggression
Authors: DiBlasi Thomas , Keenan Kaleigh , Pisano Courtney , Tumbarello Gianna , Engel Vincent , Vincent Brittany , Loiacono Anthony 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Anger is a primary emotion that can lead to physical aggression 10% -25% of the time. Given this, it is important to understand which cognitions are present when anger leads to physical aggression.
Method
Using Prolific, 302 participants were randomly assigned to write about a time they were angry that they did or did not physically aggress. Using a mixed method approach, participants answered close-ended questions regarding the presence of eight angry cognitions. Additionally, their open-ended answers were coded for the same angry cognitions.
Results
Participants who physically aggressed (PA) when angry were more likely to endorse thoughts of just desserts and have more coded cognitions of low frustration tolerance and retribution than participants who did not physically aggress when angry (NPA). Participants in the NPA condition were more likely to endorse and have coded thoughts of demandingness than participants in the PA condition. Moreover, participants in the PA condition were more likely to have more coded angry cognitions in general than participants in the NPA condition.
Conclusion
Total angry cognitions, and specific cognitions (just desserts, low frustration tolerance, and retribution) may be important treatment targets for anger and physical aggression. Implications and additional treatment targets are discussed.
The structure and stability of Fe4+xS3 and its potential to form a Martian inner core
Authors: Man Lianjie , Li Xiang , Boffa-Ballaran Tiziana , Zhou Wenju , Chantel Julien , Néri Adrien , Kupenko Ilya , Aprilis Georgios , Kurnosov Alexander , Namur Olivier , Hanfland Michael , Guignot Nicolas , Henry Laura , Dubrovinsky Leonid , Frost Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Seismic, geodetic and cosmochemical evidence point to Mars having a sulfur-rich liquid core. Due to the similarity between estimates of the core’s sulfur content and the iron - iron sulfide eutectic composition at core conditions, it has been concluded that temperatures are too high for Mars to have an inner core. Recent low density estimates for the core, however, appear consistent with sulfur contents that are higher than the eutectic composition, leading to the possibility that an inner core could form from a high-pressure iron sulfide phase. Here we report the crystal structure of a phase with the formula Fe4 + xS3, the iron content of which increases with temperature, approaching the stoichiometry Fe5S3 under Martian inner core conditions. We show that Fe4 + xS3 has a higher density than the liquid Martian core and that a Fe4 + xS3 inner core would crystalize if temperatures fall below 1960 (± 105) K at the center of Mars.
Analysis of prodromal symptoms and need for short-term prophylaxis in angioedema patients under long-term prophylaxis
Authors: Lochbaum Robin , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Greve Jens , Hahn Janina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) experience recurrent, unpredictable episodes of edema. These swellings are often preceded by prodromal symptoms. HAE management includes acute treatment, long-term prophylaxis (LTP), and short-term prophylaxis (STP) before procedures with a risk of swelling. The effects of LTP on prodromal symptoms and the necessity for STP in patients on LTP remain unclear.
Methods
A questionnaire-based study involving HAE and AAE patients receiving LTP was conducted. Changes in prodromal symptoms and the incidence of procedures with an increased risk of swelling, including surgeries, dental procedures, and endoscopies were assessed.
Results
A total of 26 patients were included in the study. Among them, 18 experienced zero to three attacks since starting LTP. Abdominal attacks constituted 60% of all attacks, followed by swellings of the extremities and head and neck. The most frequently reported trigger factors were stress and mechanical stimuli, followed by infections. 9 patients reported surgical procedures, with 8 using STP. Of these, 4 experienced breakthrough attacks, including one laryngeal attack. 105 dental procedures were reported, with STP used for only one. Only one angioedema attack occurred after an intervention without STP. For endoscopies, 7 procedures were reported, 3 of which were performed under STP. Two abdominal attacks were reported by the same patient, both without prior STP. Prodromal symptoms remained consistent in type but varied in intensity and frequency under LTP.
Conclusions
For dental procedures, the mandatory use of STP in HAE patients on effective LTP should be reconsidered, provided acute treatment is available and other trigger factors are absent.
High prediction skill of North Atlantic and East Pacific tropical cyclones ten years ahead in the Met Office’s decadal prediction system DePreSys4
Authors: Monerie Paul-Arthur , Feng Xiangbo , Hodges Kevin , Toumi Ralf 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The UK Met Office decadal prediction system DePreSys4 shows skill in predicting the number of tropical cyclones (TCs) over the eastern Pacific and tropical Atlantic Ocean up to a decade ahead. The high skill in predicting the number of TCs is due to the ability to predict multi-annual-to-multi-decadal trends and variability in the number of TCs associated with the temporal evolution of surface temperature and vertical wind shear in these two ocean basins. This is further related to the simulation of the externally forced response, with internal climate variability also allowing the improvement of the prediction skill. We applied a signal-to-noise calibration framework to further increase the skill of the TC decadal prediction. The decadal skill in predicting the number of TCs over the eastern Pacific and tropical Atlantic Ocean can be up to ACC = 0.93 and ACC = 0.83, retrospectively (measured by the Anomaly Coefficient Correlation—ACC). DePreSys4 predicts that the number of TCs will increase in the next decade (2023–2030) over the eastern Pacific and the tropical Atlantic Ocean, potentially leading to high economic losses.
Prevalence of β-lactam antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Zhou Jian , Zhou Jingqian , Chen Min , Lü Pan , Jiang ChunMing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Escherichia coli (E. coli) causes infections in neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Although β-lactam antibiotics are commonly used for neonatal infectious diseases, E. coli has exhibited resistance to them. Therefore, we investigated the resistance of E. coli strains isolated from a NICU to β-lactam antibiotics.
Methods: E. coli isolates were collected from patients admitted to a NICU from 2020–2023. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the agar dilution method, and the distribution of β-lactamase genes was analyzed using PCR. Conjugation experiments were conducted to analyze the horizontal transferability of resistance genes on plasmids. Genomic DNA was extracted for whole genome sequencing, construction of plasmid physical maps, locating resistance genes, and analyzing flanking regions and the resistance gene-related sequences.
Results: Throughout the study period, 110 distinct E. coli strains were collected. Among these, 62 cases presented strains with high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) associated with conditions such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (35/62), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (14/62), necrotizing enterocolitis (7/62), skin infection (1/62), and neonatal septicemia (5/62). Resistance of E. coli isolates to seven β-lactam antibiotics ranged from 2.73–56.36%. In 62 strains (56.36%, 62/110), six genotypes (11 sub-genotypes) of 111 β-lactamase genes were identified. Conjugation experiments revealed two transconjugants carrying the blaKPC-2 gene and two carrying the blaOXA-1 gene, exhibiting resistance to carbapenems and other β-lactams. The plasmids of four strains were successfully conjugated and transferred to recipient E. coli C600. PCR of the transconjugant resistance genes revealed that two carried a blaKPC-2 gene with a MIC increased up to 32-fold relative to the recipients, and the other two carried a blaOXA-1 gene with a 32-fold increased MIC. For isolate ECK03 carrying blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-64, blaCTX-M-65, and blaTEM-1, sequencing results showed that blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-64, and blaTEM-1 were harbored on a 114-kb pECK03_KPC-2 plasmid, whereas two identical blaCTX-M-64 genes were harbored in E. coli isolate ECF13.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the existence of E. coli β-lactam resistance within NICU populations, emphasizing the need for continual monitoring of β-lactamase isolates to facilitate effective antibiotic selection.
Enhancing tuberculosis case notifications through mapping sales of medicine in the private sector: A quasi-experimental study in Punjab Province, Pakistan
Authors: Kirubi Beatrice , Eman Kinz Ul , Lodhi Usman R. , Fatima Razia K. , Kazi Ghulam Nabi , Tahmeena Tahmeena , Shah Syed Karam , Creswell Jacob 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In Pakistan, almost one-third of people who develop tuberculosis (TB) are missed by the National TB Program (NTP). A considerable number of people with TB receive treatment in the private sector but remain unnotified. This study documents the outcomes of an intervention to identify people with TB through private pharmacy engagement, building on mapping TB medicine sales in Punjab Province.
Methods
A comprehensive intervention was carried out in 4 districts of Punjab with high anti-TB drug sales, comprising a policy change requiring mandatory notification of TB medication sales, mapping and engaging pharmacies selling anti-TB drugs, reporting through a novel ‘eTB’ mobile application and providing support via a call center. We collected both historical and prospective TB notification data from the intervention and control districts. The primary outcome was the change in TB notifications during the intervention period compared with historical and control notifications.
Results
Over the 12-month intervention period, 15,669 people with TB were reported from 2,943 pharmacies in four districts. Among the people identified, 88% were male (n=13,673), 95% had pulmonary disease (n=14,969), and 4,256 (27%) were bacteriologically confirmed. Chain pharmacies (n=14) contributed to 39% of the yield. TB notifications increased by 17,462 (+34%) over the baseline period compared with an 8% increase in the control districts. The number of bacteriologically confirmed notifications increased by 32% compared with 16% in the control districts. The proportion of bacteriological confirmation was similar before and during the intervention.
Conclusion
The results of the largest TB intervention with pharmacies globally showed incredible potential to link people with TB who are receiving care in the private sector. Mapping TB medicine sales in the private sector with tailored interventions can contribute to closing the gap in notifications where anti-TB drug sales in the private sector are pervasive.
Relationship of monocyte-to-high density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) and other inflammatory biomarkers (SII, NLR and NHHR) with sarcopenia: a population-based study
Authors: Xue Zhiwei , Cao Jian , Mou Jianhui , Wang Rui , Liu Peng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
In previous studies, several inflammatory biomarkers derived from complete blood cell counts (CBC), including systemic immune inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and non‑high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol to high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) have been shown to act as predictors of sarcopenia. Whether Monocyte–to–High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio (MHR) can forecast the development of sarcopenia has never been demonstrated. Our study attempts to investigate the correlation between MHR and low muscle mass.
Methods
The study comprised 10,321 participants aged 20 years and above from the US. Survey-weighted logistic regression was performed to explore the association between ln-transformed MHR, SII, NLR, NHHR and low muscle mass. Furthermore, AUC values and ROC curves were used to assess the predictive effectiveness of ln-transformed MHR and other inflammatory markers (SII, NLR, and NHHR). The bootstrap estimated 95% Cl was shown with the AUC.
Results
In the fully adjusted model, ln SII, ln NLR, ln NHHR, and ln MHR were positively correlated with low muscle mass. (ln SII: OR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.37–1.84; ln NLR: OR = 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13–1.60; ln NHHR: OR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.27–1.75; ln MHR: OR = 1.98; 95% CI, 1.68–2.33) Compared to the lowest quartile of ln MHR, higher quartiles were significantly associated with increased OR for low muscle mass. (p for trend < 0.0001). In ROC analysis, ln MHR has higher AUC values than ln SII, ln NLR, and ln NHHR. (AUC = 0.7545, 95%CI = 0.7385–0.7705)
Conclusion
ln-transformed MHR, SII, NLR, and NHHR were positively associated with low muscle mass. MHR performs better in predicting sarcopenia compared to SII, NLR, and NHHR.