bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-step heating strategy for efficient solubilization of recombinant spider silk protein from inclusion bodies
Authors: Cai Hui , Chen Gefei , Tang Ying , Yu Hairui , Xiong Sidong , Qi Xingmei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Spider silk, an ideal biomaterial with remarkable mechanical properties, is built of spider silk proteins (spidroins). Engineering spidroins have been successfully produced in a variety of heterologous hosts and the most widely used expression system is Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). However, recombinant expression of spidroins often results in water insoluble inclusion bodies (IBs). Target protein solubilization from IBs in a traditional way is often solved under extremely harsh conditions, e.g. 8 M urea or 6 M guanidine hydrochloride, which highly risk to poor bioactive protein recovery as well as precipitation during the following dialysis process.Results Here we present a new mild solubilization strategy called one-step heating method to solubilize spidroins from IBs, with combining together spidroins’ high thermal stability with low concentration of urea. We expressed a 430-aa recombinant protein (designated as NM) derived from the minor ampullate spidroin of Araneus ventricosus in E.coli ; the NM proteins are present in the insoluble fraction as IBs. The isolated NM IBs were solubilized parallelly by both traditional urea-denatured method and one-step heating method. The efficiency of solubilization of NM IBs in Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) containing 4 M urea by one-step heating method was comparable to that of 7 M urea by the traditional urea-denatured method. The effects of buffer, pH and temperature conditions on solubilization of NM IBs by one-step heating method were evaluated, and the optimum conditions are following: hearting temperature 70–90°C for 20 min, pH 7.0–10, urea concentration 2–4 M in normal buffers. Prepared via the one-step heating method, the recombinant NM spidroin could self-assembly into nanoparticles.Conclusions The one-step heating method introduced here could be used to efficiently solubilize NM IBs under relatively mild conditions, which might by important for the downstream nanoparticle or fiber formation. The one-step heating method can be applied under broad buffer, pH and temperature conditions, conferring the potential to apply to not only spidroins but also other thermal stable protein IBs' solubilization.
The Dimensions and Determinants of Health-promoting Behavior among Postpartum Women in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia
Authors: Kidanie Seblewongiel Ayenalem , Adamek Margaret E. , Zena Sisay Berhanu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The postpartum period, known as Aras bét in Amharic, has been given little research, practice, and policy attention in Ethiopia.Objective This study examined the dimensions and determinants of postpartum women health-promoting behaviors in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia.Method A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed. Using the Health Promoting Life Profile (HPLP) Questionnaire, quantitative data were drawn from 178 randomly selected mothers who had attended at least one postnatal care visit. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results Postpartum women reported moderate levels of overall health-promoting behavior (M=141.62; SD=22.44). Across the subscales, spiritual growth (M= 28.81; SD, 5.35) and physical activity (M=18.16; SD=4.49) showed the highest and the lowest average HPLP score respectively. The t-test and ANOVA results showed that health-promoting behaviors varied across various sociodemographic variables such as religion groups, educational level, number of pregnancies, family type, employment status, monthly income, delivery place, delivery type, ANC and PNC attendance (p<0.05). In the binary logistic regression model, postpartum women who had no schooling were 16% less likely to have “better” overall HPLP-II score as compared to their college/university graduated counterparts ( p <0.05).Implications and Conclusion This study differentiated the dimensions and determinants of postpartum health-promoting behaviors. The study offers implications for social and health service providers and future researchers to consider the holistic dimensions of health promotion during the continuum of care for pregnancy.
Cold tolerance of ScCBL6 is associated with photosynthesis and tonoplast transporters in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhou Yanli , Zhao Changhong , Long Guangqiang , Zhou Chengli , Sun Xudong , Yang Yunqiang , Zhang Chengjun , Yang Yongping 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Plant adapted in the fragile zone offer enormous opportunity to understand the stress biology under ecological scenario . Stipa capillacea is widely distributed in the frigid and arid region of Tibet Plateau, but its signal system has never been investigated yet. In this study, we isolated a signal transduction gene, ScCBL6 , in Stipa capillacea , to characterize its cold tolerance capacity by ectopic expression in Arabidopsis . The results suggested that full length ScCBL6 encodes 227 amino acids, and phylogenetically clustered with CBL6 protein in Stipa purpurea and Oryza sativa . In comparison with wild type (WT) plants, ScCBL6 overexpressing plants ( ScCBL6- OXP) are tolerant to cold stress but not drought stress, which attested by the higher photosynthetic capacity (Fv/Fm) and survival rate of ScCBL6- OXP under cold stress. We further compared their cold-responsive transcriptome profiles through RNA-Seq. Totally, 3931 genes were differentially expressed by introduction of ScCBL6. They are participated in multiple processes like immune system, lipid catabolic, secondary metabolic and mainly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction and biomacro-molecule metabolism as regard to KEGG pathway. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) were predicted to locate in chloroplast, mitochondrion, vacuole, and so on, suggesting multitudinous function of ScCBL6. Based on the integrated analysis of ScCBL6-OXP, we inferred that ScCBL6 improve plant cold stress tolerance via regulate photosynthesis redox and vacuole metabolites transport in Arabidopsis .
Mapping Evidence of Mobile Health Technologies for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Support by Health Workers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Osei Ernest , Kuupiel Desmond , Vezi Portia Nelisiwe , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The rapid growth of mobile technology has given rise to the development of mobile health programmes aimed at treating and preventing a wide range of health conditions. However, evidence on the use of mHealth in high disease burdened settings such as SSA is not clear. We systematically mapped evidence on mHealth for disease diagnosis and treatment support by health workers in SSA. Methods: We conducted a scoping review study guided by the Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, Levac et al recommendations, and Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We thoroughly searched the following databases: MEDLINE and CINAHL with full-text via EBSCOhost; PubMed; Science Direct and Google Scholar for relevant articles from inception to July 2019. Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and full-text articles using the eligibility criteria as reference. This study employed the mixed methods appraisal tool version 2018 to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Results: Out of the 572 articles identified , only 10 published articles presented evidence on mHealth for treatment support by health workers in SSA since 2010. No studies reported evidence on mHealth for disease diagnosis by health workers in SSA. Of the 10 studies, four studies were conducted in Kenya; one in South Africa; one in Malawi; one in Zimbabwe; one in Mozambique; one in Nigeria and one in Lesotho. Of the 10 studies: three reported the use of mHealth to manage HIV; two on the management of HIV/TB; two on treatment of malaria; one each on the management of hypertension; cervical cancer; and one was not specific on any disease condition. All the 10 included studies underwent methodological quality appraisal with a scored between 70 and 100%. Conclusions: The study shows that there is limited research on the availability and use of mHealth by health workers for treatment support in SSA. This study also shows there is no literature on the availability and use of mHealth by health workers for disease diagnosis in SSA. We, therefore, recommend primary studies focusing on the use of mHealth by health workers for disease diagnosis in SSA. Keywords: Mobile Health; Disease diagnosis; Treatment support; sub-Saharan Africa
Workplace Learning for Undergraduate Medical Students at a National Referral and Teaching Hospital as Perceived by Lecturers, Administrators and Students of a Contemporary Medical Training University in Uganda.
Authors: Kagawa Mike Nantamu , Kiguli Sarah , Steinberg Hannes , Jama Mpho P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background It is well documented that workplace learning is a significant contributor to competence development as it offers engagement opportunities that enable students to participate in clinical activities in preparation for future clinical practice. Undergraduate medical students of Makerere University College of Health Sciences have placements at Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital for purposes of workplace learning. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and experiences of lecturers, administrators and students about workplace learning at the hospital for the undergraduate medical students with the ultimate aim of identifying opportunities and challenges in the learning environment for purposes of improvement.Methods The study design was cross-sectional descriptive with a qualitative approach using key informant interviews for the lecturers and administrators, and focus group discussions for the students. The framework method was used to perform thematic data analysis with the help of ATLAS.tiResults The workplace at Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital was perceived to be well-endowed with adequate patient numbers, a suitable case mix and unrestricted access to patients for purposes of competence achievement. The challenges reported included inadequate resources such as infrastructure, equipment and supplies, poor learner agency and overcrowding which compromised competence development. The resource challenge appeared insurmountable in the context of two autonomous institutions with divergent planning priorities in terms of teaching, research and patient care. Resource challenges notwithstanding, alternative perceptions were that occasional shortages of equipment and supplies during workplace learning presented as a reality check for students to fit in with the realities of the practice setting when they finally qualify.Conclusions There were mixed perceptions about the learning environment at Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital with both enabling and challenging factors. It therefore requires that enabling factors are enhanced and innovative solutions are designed to address the challenges in order for workplace learning to be optimal.
Study of the post-vaccination anti-HBV immune response in the health staff of the Souro SANOU University Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso.
Authors: SOURABIE Yacouba , SIRIBIE Mafama , GOMGNIMBOU Michel K , OUEDRAOGO Macaire S , Fumoux Francis , TRAORE Yves 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Post immune response again VHB after immunization have been slowly reported in health personal in limited setting country. We aimed to evaluate the post-vaccination immune response against the hepatitis B virus in health personal at CHUSS Bobo-Dioulasso.Methods This was a prospective cohort study that was conducted from March 2014 to January 2015 at CHUSS. Thus, 84 vaccinated subjects were included. Whole blood was collected from each subject for antibody determination. CMIA technology was used for the determination of anti-HBs antibodies. Subjects with a titer of less than 100 mIU / ml were considered non-protective in the hospital setting.Results The average age of the subjects is 40.38 ± 9.82 years. The sex ratio is 2.23. Of these, 47.6% had an Ac titre greater than 100 mIU / ml, and considered very well immunized. Also, 52.4% had an Ac titer less than 100 mIU / ml; and considered as unprotected subject in a hospital setting. Of these, 27.38% had a titer of between 10 and 99 mIU / ml and 30% had a titer of less than 10 mIU / ml. Comparing the different proportions of non-responders by age, we find that there is no statistically significant difference between non-responders aged ≤ 40 years compared to those aged> 40 years (p = 0.8). Comparing the different proportions of non-responders by sex, we find that there is a statistically significant difference between male and female non-responders (p = 0.044).Conclusion We found that about half of the subjects had satisfactory protection, which indicates a good efficacy of SHANVAC B®. Research on immunological non-responders should be pursued to identify possible causes.
One year follow-up and mediation in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for adult depression
Authors: A-Tjak Jacqueline G.L. , Morina Nexhmedin , Topper Maurice , Emmelkamp Paul M.G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Existing therapies for depression are effective, but many patients fail to recover or relapse. To improve care for patients, more research into the effectiveness and working mechanisms of treatments is needed. We examined the long-term efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), testing the hypothesis that CBT outperforms ACT and that both therapies work through their designated mechanisms of change. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 82 patients suffering from MDD. Data were collected before, during and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up, assessing symptoms of depression, quality of life, dysfunctional attitudes, decentering , and experiential avoidance. Results Patients in both conditions reported significant and large reductions of depressive symptoms ( d = -1.26 to -1.60) and improvement in quality of life ( d = 0.91 to -1.28) 12 months following treatment. Our findings indicated no significant differences between the two interventions. Dysfunctional attitudes and decentering mediated treatment effects of depressive symptoms in both CBT and ACT, whereas experiential avoidance mediated treatment effects in ACT only. Conclusions Our results indicate that CBT is not more effective in treating depression than ACT. Both treatments seem to work through changes in dysfunctional attitudes and decentering, even though the treatments differ substantially. Change in experiential avoidance as an underlying mechanism seems to be an ACT-specific process. Further research is needed to investigate whether ACT and CBT may work differently for different groups of patients with depression.
Research on the Development Status and Trends of Glaucoma Study Based on SCIE for Ten years
Authors: Sun Yunxiao , Kong Fanqi , Zhang Yue , Labisi Siloka Arthur , Cao Kai 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background To explore the development status and trends of glaucoma study from 2009 to 2018 based on SCIE.Methods Searching for glaucoma-related articles published in SCIE in the last decade and describing the distribution of the time, region, author, author institution, journal and influence of articles. Meanwhile, we compared the publication of articles, the research hotspots among five years before and after 2009-2013, 2014-2018.Results A total of 19,609 glaucoma-related articles were retrieved during 2009-2018 and the global SCIE articles have increased year by year from 2009 to 2017. The top five countries for articles were the United States, China, Japan, Germany and the England. The top three authors are Weinreb, R N, Aung, T and Jonas, J B. The journal with the largest number of published articles is INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY VISUAL SCIENCE. It can be seen that glaucoma-related pathogenesis research, OCT and other imaging examinations in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma and glaucoma surgery have attracted much attention.Conclusions In the past ten years, global glaucoma research has developed in a balanced manner, and the cooperation between various institutions and teams has become increasingly close. The research hotspots are still concentrated in the pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.
Is Procalcitonin (PCT) a reliable biomarker for preoperative diagnosing of low grade Periprosthetic Joint Infection? A Prospective Study
Authors: Busch André , Jäger Marcus , Engler Harald , Haversath Marcel , Bielefeld Charlotte , Landgraeber Stefan , Wegner Alexander 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Since a „gold-standard“ is missing, diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection remains a challenge in orthopedic surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of serum and synovial fluid Procalcitonin (PCT) as a diagnostic parameter and to compare it to the biomarkers recommended in the 2018 Definition of periprosthetic hip and knee infection.Methods Between August 2018 and July 2019, a prospective cohort study was conducted in 70 patients with painful hip, shoulder and knee arthroplasty. Besides medical history, clinical and laboratory data was gathered. PJI was diagnosed based on the 2018 Definition of periprosthetic hip and knee infection. Preoperative blood and synovial joint fluid were taken for PCT measurement. Serum PCT levels were quantified under the use of immunoassay (Centaur, Siemens, Germany). Synovial PCT levels were measured using a standard quantitative PCT enzyme immunoassay kit, according to the manufacturers' instructions (Anti-Procalcitonin antibody ab166963, ABCAM, Cambridge,UK).Results Twenty three patients (33%) were classified as the PJI group and fourty seven patient (67%) as the aseptic group. The mean levels of serum PCT was significantly (p<0.001) higher than those in the aseptic group (PJI 0.05 ng/mL (0.0-1.03) vs. aseptic 0.02 ng/mL (0.0-0.18)). In synovial fluid, the mean values in the aseptic group were significantly higher (p<0.001) than those of PJI group (PJI 2.7 ng/mL (0.53-9.7) vs. aseptic 8.7 ng/mL (0.25-87.9)). Serum PCT, with a cut-off level of 0.5 ng/mL, had a sensitivity of 13.0% and a specifity of 91.0%. Synvial fluid PCT, with a cut-off level of 5.0 ng/mL, had a sensitivity of 13.0% and a specifity of 52.0%.Conclusion Serum and SF-PCT appeared to be no reliable biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of PJI from aseptic loosening in total joint arthroplasty.
Developing a Scoring Model to Predict the Risk of Injurious Falls in Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Case-control Study in Multi-center Acute Hospitals
Authors: Zhao Min , Li Shuguang , Xu Yun , Su Xiaoxia , Jiang Hong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Injurious falls seriously threaten the safety of elderly patients. The identification of risk factors to predict the probability of injurious falls is an important issue still needed to be solved urgently. We aimed to identify predictors and develop a nomogram as an appropriate assessment tool for distinguishing high-risk populations of injurious falls from older adults in acute settings.Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted in three acute care hospitals in Shanghai, China. We included elderly patients with injurious falls from 2014 to 2018, and the control patients without falls randomly identified from the electronic medical records. A new nomogram was established based on risk factors and its discrimination and calibration were verified to confirm the accuracy of the prediction. And the cut-off value of risk stratification was determined to help medical staff identify the high-risk groups.Results 115 elderly patients with injurious falls and 230 controls were identified in our study. The history of fractures, orthostatic hypotension, function status, sedative-hypnotics and the level of serum albumin were independent risk factors for injurious falls in elderly patients. And the scoring nomogram showed an acceptable predicting performance of injurious falls (C-index: 0.865, 95%CI: 0.789-0.941; corrected C-index: 0.868, 95%CI: 0.852-0.884). The threshold was 153 points to distinguish the high-risk groups from the aging patients, with acceptable sensitivity (72.2%) and specificity (86.1%).Conclusions The established nomogram will allow for identifying the high-risk populations among elderly patients, providing a new assessment tool to forecast the individual risk of injurious falls.
Clinical and functional patient characteristics predict medical needs in older patients at risk of functional decline
Authors: Scharf Anne-Carina , Gronewold Janine , Dahlmann Christian , Schlitzer Jeanina , Kribben Andreas , Gerken Guido , Frohnhofen Helmut , Dodel Richard , Hermann Dirk M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background : The rising number of older multimorbid in-patients has implications for medical care. There is a growing need for the identification of factors predicting the needs of older patients in hospital environments. Our aim was to evaluate the use of clinical and functional patient characteristics for the prediction of medical needs in older hospitalized patients. Methods : 242 in-patients (57.4% male) aged 78.4±6.4 years, who were consecutively admitted to internal medicine departments of the University Hospital Essen between July 2015 and February 2017, were prospectively enrolled. Patients were assessed upon admission using Identification of Seniors at Risk (ISAR) screening followed by comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). CGA included standardized instruments for the assessment of activities of daily living (ADL), cognition, mobility, and signs of depression upon admission. In multivariable regressions we evaluated the association of clinical patient characteristics, ISAR score and CGA results with length of hospital stay and number of nursing hours and receiving physiotherapy as indicators for medical needs. We identified clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with higher medical needs. Results: The 242 patients spent [median(Q1;Q3)]:9.0(4.0;16.0) days in the hospital, needed 2.0(1.5;2.7) hours of nursing each day, and 34.3% received physiotherapy. In multivariable regression analyses including clinical patient characteristics, ISAR and CGA domains, the factors age (β=-0.19, 95% confidence interval (CI)=-0.66;-0.13), number of admission diagnoses (β=0.28, 95%CI=0.16;0.41), ADL impairment (B=6.66, 95%CI=3.312;10.01), signs of depression (B=6.69, 95%CI=1.43;11.94) independently predicted length of hospital stay. ADL impairment (B=1.14, 95%CI=0.67;1.61) cognition impairment (B=0.57, 95%CI=0.07;1.07) and ISAR score (β =0.26, 95%CI=0.01;0.28) independently predicted nursing hours. The number of admission diagnoses (risk ratio (RR)=1.06, 95%CI=1.04;1.08), ADL impairment (RR=3.54, 95%CI=2.29;5.47), cognition impairment (RR=1.77, 95%CI=1.20;2.62) and signs of depression (RR=1.99, 95%CI=1.39;2.85) predicted receiving physiotherapy. Conclusion : Among older in-patients at risk for functional decline, the number of comorbidities, reduced ADL, cognition impairment and signs of depression are important predictors of length of hospital stay, nursing hours, and receiving physiotherapy during hospital stay.