bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B042: Identifying effective interventions using community-based participatory practices to improve cancer-related health outcomes in a high-risk population
Authors: Mann-Barnes Tyrell T , Ma Grace X 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Persons Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have an increased life expectancy when they adhere to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). At the same time, ~25% of AIDS related deaths are due to non-HIV related comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. In the aging PLWHA population on HAART, an increasing risk for multiple cancers is clear and the cancers are more aggressive and advanced compared with an age-matched population. In addition to the liver cancer related to Hepatitis B and C, genital cancers related to human papillomavirus (HPV), increases in non-immune cancers including lung and melanoma cancers are the leading causes of death in PLWHA. Evidence has shown that community-based participatory approaches can be used to improve health outcomes in many populations. In this study, we focus on interventions for at-risk African-American, HIV positive, Men having Sex with Men (MSM) population. Typical community-based participatory activities include cancer-related awareness, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. We plan to utilize partnerships with community-based AIDS service organizations (ASO), community leaders, and local community state-representatives. Preliminary data shows that partnering with city-wide programming initiatives such as Black Gay Pride, Philly Pride Present and National Coming-Out Week will ensure community participation, leadership and engagement among the community. Currently, there is little research on how best to reach the Black or Hispanic PLWHA community. This project will investigate the socio-political-economic factors impacting these populations and the interventions that will increase engagement with healthcare educators and providers. Furthermore, knowledge from the PLWHA will help devise preventative approaches for reducing and addressing cancer risks.
Citation Format: Tyrell T Mann-Barnes, Grace X Ma. Identifying effective interventions using community-based participatory practices to improve cancer-related health outcomes in a high-risk population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B042.
Abstract B057: Promoting genetic counseling among African American women with hereditary risk for breast cancer
Authors: Henderson Vida , Comer-Hagans Delawnia , Coffey Vickii , Grumbach Giesela , Newsome Jennifer , Hoskins Kent 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer mortality is substantially higher in the U.S. for African American (AA) women compared to their white counterparts. Increasing the uptake of genetic counseling among AA women identified with increased breast cancer risk in Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC) is a key step in developing a successful approach to breast cancer disparities. However, studies show that women of color are less likely to receive genetic counseling for breast cancer risk. Our research group developed a multimedia culturally tailored educational video, informed by multiple qualitative methods, to improve uptake of genetic counseling among underserved AA women with increased breast cancer risk. We are conducting a pilot study to demonstrate the feasibility of incorporating the intervention with cancer genetic risk assessment in a mammography clinic. Methods: AA women will be recruited at the University of Illinois Mammography Center. Per current standard of care, all women who present for a mammogram complete a cancer genetic risk assessment (CGRA) as part of clinic intake. Women recommended for genetic counseling by the assessment tool will be invited to participate in this study. Participation includes: a pre-survey, viewing the educational video, and a post-survey. Pre- and post survey questions will capture data on the following constructs: knowledge, attitudes, normative beliefs, motivation, perceived social norms, intention to engage in genetic counseling, efficacy beliefs, skills, environmental constraints and opinions on video. Genetic counseling attendance will be monitored via electronic medical record. Thirty participants will be enrolled. Results: Preliminary results will be presented at the meeting. Conclusion: Culturally tailored health communication tools have shown to increase positive health behaviors. It is expected that the culturally tailored educational intervention will increase knowledge, motivation and intention to attend genetic counseling.
Citation Format: Vida Henderson, Delawnia Comer-Hagans, Vickii Coffey, Giesela Grumbach, Jennifer Newsome, Kent Hoskins. Promoting genetic counseling among African American women with hereditary risk for breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B057.
Abstract B094: Regulation of megalin by vitamin D as the mechanism for differential levels of intra-prostatic androgens between African American and Caucasian men
Authors: Garcia Jason , Richards Zachary , Zenner Morgan , Wang Yancai , Gann Peter , Prins Gail , Nonn Larisa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a hormonally driven cancer and is currently the third most common cancer in the US. African American (AA) men are disproportionately at risk for both PCa and vitamin D (vitD) deficiency compared to white men. The numerous chemopreventative properties of vitD and epidemiological relationship of vitD status with PCa aggressiveness and mortality has led to the hypothesis that vitD deficiency is a biological contributor to PCa disparity in AA men. Our lab recently reported an unexpected relationship between serum and intraprostatic vitD metabolites 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in AA men. We also observed that Megalin, a multi-liganded endocytic membrane receptor encoded by the gene LRP2, was expressed in the prostate epithelium and is regulated by vitD. Extra-renal activity of Megalin has not been well studied as the widely accepted Free Hormone Hypothesis assumes passive diffusion of circulating free hormones into tissues. The presence of megalin suggests that globulin bound hormones from the circulation, including 25(OH)D bound to vitamin D binding protein (DBP) and testosterone (T) bound to sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), are imported into the prostate in a regulated manner. Here we examine megalin as a potential mechanism to regulate globulin bound hormone import into the prostate. 25(OH)D decreased expression of LRP2 in primary prostate epithelial cells and fresh human prostate tissue slice explants. DBP-bound 25(OH)D and SHBG-bound T were imported into these prostate models and transcriptionally active. Lastly, we quantified T and its active metabolite dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the patient cohort from our prior study. Prostatic DHT levels inversely correlated with serum 25(OH)D status. AA men had higher levels of DHT in prostate tissue compared to white men. These clinical findings support our hypothesis that vitD status regulates intraprostatic hormone levels. In summary, we report the presence of a negative feedback loop in which vitD deficiency increases hormone import into prostate epithelium via megalin. Therefore, the upregulation of megalin in the setting of vitamin D deficiency may facilitate increased import of circulating sex steroids into the prostate contributing to carcinogenesis in AA men.
Citation Format: Jason Garcia, Zachary Richards, Morgan Zenner, Yancai Wang, Peter Gann, Gail Prins, Larisa Nonn. Regulation of megalin by vitamin D as the mechanism for differential levels of intra-prostatic androgens between African American and Caucasian men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B094.
Abstract B107: Race-specific gene expression patterns in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cases
Authors: Martini Rachel , White Jason , Verma Akanksha , Elemento Olivier , Newman Lisa , Upender Manne , Yates Clayton , Davis Melissa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Historically, incidence rates of breast cancer (BC) have been higher among Caucasian (CA) women compared to African-American (AA) women, until convergence of these rates in the mid 2000s. Conversely, when accessing mortality rates among these women, AA women have reported higher rates of mortality from BC since the mid 1980s. Despite a decline in BC mortality over the past 30 years, the mortality rate of disease among AA women remains to be significantly higher than that of their CA counterparts. When molecular subtypes of BC are considered, prevalence of Triple-Negative BC (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype of BC, is found to be higher among AA women. TNBC prevalence on the global scale shows highest levels of TNBC across Africa, and higher rates can also be observed across the African diaspora. To address this, we sought out to identify race-specific differences among TNBC cases. We completed RNA sequencing on a cohort of 75 cases, where 42 of the cases were AA, and 33 were CA. The dataset was dichotomized by if the individuals had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery and specimen collection, where we had 60 treatment naïve cases (31 AAs and 29 CAs) and the remaining 15 had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (residual tumors; 11 AAs and 4 CAs). We assessed self-reported race, ancestry estimation from matched DNA samples into and TNBC molecular subtyping from matched DNA samples into our DE gene expression analyses. Among treatment naïve tumors, we identified over 1000 genes that were significantly differentially expressed (DE) between race groups (p &lt; 0.05). To further analyze our race-specific gene set, we used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to investigate relevant pathways and regulators specific to our gene set. Using the causal network analysis, we see that biological functions such as cellular organization and assembly show significant enrichment in our gene set, and that the NFkB complex is a top regulator predicted to be activated in our AA treatment naïve cases compared to CAs. For those individuals who had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we identified 13 genes that are significantly different between race groups, and these DE genes are distinct from those identified in our treatment naïve analyses.
Citation Format: Rachel Martini, Jason White, Akanksha Verma, Olivier Elemento, Lisa Newman, Manne Upender, Clayton Yates, Melissa Davis. Race-specific gene expression patterns in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B107.
Abstract B113: Unique hormone receptor signatures of inflammatory breast cancer in a cohort of Puerto Rican women
Authors: Underill Zoe C , Rivera Mayra , Martinez Michelle M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an uncommon although highly lethal form of breast cancer. Existing IBC research focuses mainly on United States or European populations, limiting current knowledge of patient profiles in Hispanic populations. Given the unique genetic admixture that exists in PR, we are interested in characterizing IBC within this population to broaden understanding of this disease. We designed a retrospective study which was deemed exempt by the UCC-IRB. A sample of breast cancer patient charts were reviewed at Manatí Medical Center and Pavia Hospital. Of these, 18 eligible subjects with a new primary diagnosis of IBC between 2012-2019 were identified and data was collected from oncologist and pathologist reports. On review, 78% of patients were negative for HER-2/neu receptor overexpression and there was a difference, although not statistically significant (p=0.09) compared to other receptor status. This result differs from other studied populations which place HER-2/neu positivity in the range of 36-60% for IBC. Interestingly, 36.4% expressed the particular signature (ER+, PR+, HER2/neu-) and 36.4% presented as triple negative for tumor markers (ER-, PR-, HER-2/neu-) on pathology review. Our data suggests that within the context of the population studied, IBC is less likely to express HER-2/neu receptor compared to IBC in other populations, and we identified two specific signatures that comprise the majority of the cases studied. To improve patient outcomes for IBC it is critical to have foundational understanding of the disease characteristics and course within a diverse group of patients. This study aims to set such a foundation within the population of PR. With this knowledge, further treatments can be tailored to meet the needs of unique or minority populations such as this one.
Citation Format: Zoe C Underill, Mayra Rivera, Michelle M Martinez. Unique hormone receptor signatures of inflammatory breast cancer in a cohort of Puerto Rican women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B113.
Abstract B117: Body positivity after a double mastectomy
Authors: D'Agostino Chiara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A healthy body image after a traumatic double mastectomy is an important phase of survivorship. Part of the healing process in breast cancer is to learn to love one’s body again, with all its changes. Body Positivity After a Double Mastectomy explores a woman’s journey to body positivity despite her physical and emotional challenges.
Citation Format: Chiara D'Agostino. Body positivity after a double mastectomy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B117.
Abstract B125: Molecular profiling basal 2 subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer cells and their response to histone deacetylase inhibitor
Authors: Lyn-Cook Beverly , Stovall Destiny , Word Beverly , Cotton Ebony , Hammons George 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer that often strikes young women, particularly minority women in their reproductive years. This cancer has a poor prognosis, mainly due to the lack of effective chemotherapeutic agents. Triple negative breast cancers present an additional problem, in that a histologically subtype can have molecularly different forms. Studies have shown that histological designated tumors yield different treatment results. Recently, molecular profiling of a patient’s tumor yielded detection of specific driver genes that resulted in the use of single or combination therapies targeting these driver genes. Basal 2 subtype is one of the most aggressive form of TNBC. This study examined the molecular profiles of two Basal 2 triple negative breast cancers representing two different African American women in response to treatment with vorinostat. Using a RT2 Profiler PCR gene expression array, vorinostat up-regulated 54 genes and downregulated 3 genes in HCC70 TNBC. In HCC1806 TNBC, 23 genes were upregulated and 38 downregulated. The most significant change in gene expression noted in HCC70 was in CCND2, which is hypermethylated in TNBC. Changes were also noted in SNA12, SERPINE, and TWIST. In HCC1806, significant changes in gene expression were noted in ABCB1, CCND2, CDKN1C and MMP9. These results clearly demonstrated that there is a differential response to a potential anti-tumor drug by different molecular subtypes. Up-regulation of CCND2 was observed in both basal 2 cell lines. CCND2 encodes cyclin D2 in which low expression is associated with poor prognosis. Understanding individual differences in cancer driver genes will greatly improve personalized medicine in TNBC.
Citation Format: Beverly Lyn-Cook, Destiny Stovall, Beverly Word, Ebony Cotton, George Hammons. Molecular profiling basal 2 subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer cells and their response to histone deacetylase inhibitor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B125.
Abstract C002: Racial and geographic variation in knowledge of palliative care among American adults
Authors: Jacobs Kayanna , Hong Young Rock , Bian Jiang , Kittelson Sheri , Wilkie Diana J. , Huo Jinhai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Palliative care provides clinical and economic benefits for patients diagnosed with life limiting illness and their family caregivers. The extent to which variation in knowledge of palliative care exits in racial groups and geographic regions within the United States is not known. The aim of the study was to present the up-to-date data on the knowledge penetration of palliative care by racial and geographic regions. Methodology We assessed variations in knowledge of palliative care using the 2018 National Cancer Institute’s Health Information National Trends Survey. We used the Pearson chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression models to assess the association of race and having knowledge of palliative care for each census geographic region. The state-level prevalence of no knowledge of palliative care were plotted in a map. Results The study population included 3194 respondents (weighted sample size: 229,591,005; median age: 58). About 15 % of the study population was Hispanic, 10% non-Hispanic-Black, and 61% non-Hispanic White. About 84% Hispanic respondents, 75% non-Hispanic Blacks and 65% non-Hispanic Whites had no knowledge of palliative care (P &lt;0.001). For Hispanic, the prevalence of no knowledge of palliative care ranged from 48% in East South Central region to 96% in East North Central and West North Central region. For non-Hispanic Blacks, the prevalence of no knowledge of palliative care ranged from 32% in New England region to 97% in West North Central region. For non-Hispanic Whites, the prevalence of no knowledge of palliative care ranged from 44% in New England region to 78% in Mountain region. Both racial group and census geographic regions were statistically significant variables in the multivariable model predicting no knowledge of palliative care. Conclusions In the United States, substantial geographic variations in the knowledge of palliative care exist. The prevalence of responders who had no knowledge of palliative care were greater in Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black than non-Hispanic White groups. This finding represents an opportunity for targeted future education to increase the knowledge gap overall and in patients of non-White decent.
Citation Format: Kayanna Jacobs, Young Rock Hong, Jiang Bian, Sheri Kittelson, Diana J. Wilkie, Jinhai Huo. Racial and geographic variation in knowledge of palliative care among American adults [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C002.
Abstract C097: Navigation needs among African Americans
Authors: Babatunde Oluwole A , Jefferson Melanie , Johnson Jerry C , Hughes-Halbert Chanita 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Patient navigation is emerging as a strategy for addressing barriers to cancer screening among African Americans; however, navigation should address the specific needs and barriers to obtaining screening. The purpose of this study was to identify navigation needs for cancer screening in a community-based sample of African American men and women. Methods: Participants were enrolled in an observational study of community-based navigation for cancer control. Eligibility criteria were African American men and women aged 50-75 years who resided in the Philadelphia, PA metropolitan area, and had no personal history or symptoms of prostate, breast and colon cancer. The main outcome variable was navigation needs for cancer screening. The exposure variables that were assessed were socioeconomic characteristics, sociocultural factors such perceived risk of developing cancer and future temporal orientation and perceptions of social integration, and history of family members with cancer. Chi square tests and analysis of variance were utilized to assess the associations between potential factors and identified barriers. Results: A total of 268 participants were enrolled in the study and of these, 161 (60%) identified navigation needs for cancer screening: cost/lack of insurance (66, 25%), ignorance/lack of knowledge (73, 27%) and provider issues (22, 8%). The main barrier identified by participants that were younger (&lt;56 years) was cost/lack of insurance (51%) while the main barrier identified by older participants (&gt;56 years) was ignorance/lack of knowledge (47%), [p: 0.04]. Most participants (63%) who had a higher perception of developing breast or prostate cancer identified ignorance/lack of knowledge as barrier to screening while most participants (51%) who had a higher perception of developing colon cancer had cost/lack of insurance as barrier to colon cancer screening, [p: 0.01]. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that navigation for cancer screening may need to address lack of knowledge and cost/lack of health insurance. Navigation programs for cancer screening may need to address different needs depending on the age and perceived risk of participants.
Citation Format: Oluwole A Babatunde, Melanie Jefferson, Jerry C Johnson, Chanita Hughes-Halbert. Navigation needs among African Americans [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C097.