bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of TRPC5 currents by intracellular ATP: Single channel studies
Authors: Dattilo Michael , Penington Nicholas J. , Williams Keith 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTRPC5 channels are nonselective cation channels activated by G‐protein‐coupled receptors. It was previously found that recombinant TRPC5 currents are inhibited by intracellular ATP, when studied by whole‐cell patch‐clamp recording. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of ATP inhibition at the single‐channel level using patches from HEK‐293 cells transiently transfected with TRPC5 and the M1 muscarinic receptor. In inside‐out patches, application of ATP to the intracellular face of the membrane reduced TRPC5 channel activity at both positive and negative potentials without affecting the unitary current amplitude or open dwell time of the channel. The effect of ATP was rapidly reversible. These results suggest that ATP may bind to the channel protein and affect the ability of the channel to open or to remain in an open, nondesensitized state. The activity of TRPC5 channels may be influenced by cellular metabolism via changes in ATP levels.
Reversing the Effects of 0.5% Bupivacaine Using Phentolamine Mesylate: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Michaud Pierre‐Luc , Nowe Erin , Smith Brillant Martha 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPhentolamine mesylate is the only commercially available dental local anesthetic reversal agent. It has been proven safe and effective for reversing most local anesthetics used in dentistry but was never tested with bupivacaine. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of 0.4‐mg phentolamine mesylate in reversing an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine. Sixty‐six participants were recruited and were administered an IANB with bupivacaine. After confirmation of anesthesia, they were randomized into 1 of 2 groups (phentolamine mesylate or control). Participants in the phentolamine mesylate group received a second injection with 1.7‐mL OraVerse (0.4‐mg phentolamine mesylate), while participants in the control group received a second injection with 1.7‐mL sterile saline water. Participants were trained to self‐assess sensation (lower lip and tongue) and function (drinking, speaking, and smiling), which they did every 20 minutes, and they recorded the time when sensation/function returned to normal. Comparative analysis was completed using independent sample t‐tests, univariate linear regressions, and Pearson chi‐square. Forty‐three participants were randomized, and 34 completed the study (phentolamine mesylate, n = 15; control, n = 19). There was a statistically significant difference between the 2 treatment groups for return of normal sensation to the lower lip (mean difference of 2 hours and 17 minutes; P = .027) and the tongue (mean difference of 1 hour and 35 minutes; P = .046) in favor of the phentolamine mesylate group. The results indicate that phentolamine mesylate hastens the return to normal sensation of an IANB with bupivacaine.
Vibration and β‐hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate treatment suppresses intramuscular fat infiltration and adipogenic differentiation in sarcopenic mice
Authors: Wang Jinyu , Cui Can , Chim Yu Ning , Yao Hao , Shi Liu , Xu Jiankun , Wang Jiali , Wong Ronald Man Yeung , Leung Kwok‐Sui , Chow Simon Kwoon‐Ho , Cheung Wing Hoi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia is an aging‐induced deterioration of skeletal muscle mass and function. Low‐magnitude high‐frequency vibration (LMHFV) was shown to improve muscle functions and β‐hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate (HMB) to increase muscle mass and strength. Muscle‐derived stem cells (MDSCs) are progenitor cells important for muscle regeneration. We hypothesized that LMHFV and HMB could retard sarcopenia by reducing fat infiltration through inhibiting adipogenesis in MDSCs.MethodsSenescence‐accelerated mouse P8 male mice were randomized into control (CTL), HMB, LMHFV (VIB), and combined (COM) groups. Interventions started at age of month 7 and assessed at 1, 2, and 3 months post‐intervention by densitometry, histology, and functional tests. In vitro, MDSCs isolated from gastrocnemius of senescence‐accelerated mouse P8 mice were characterized, randomized into CTL, VIB, HMB, and COM groups, and assessed by oil red O staining, mRNA, and protein expression.ResultsAt 2 months post‐intervention, percentage lean mass of HMB, VIB, and COM groups were significantly higher than CTL group. Twitch, tetanic, and specific tetanic forces of COM group were higher, while specific twitch force of both VIB and COM groups were higher. Grip strength of HMB, VIB, and COM groups were higher. Histologically, both VIB and COM groups presented lower oil red O area than CTL group. Type I muscle fibre in CTL group was higher than HMB, VIB, and COM groups. MDSC were detected in situ by immunofluorescence stain with stem cell antigen‐1 signals confirmed with higher β‐catenin expression in the COM group. The observations were also confirmed in vitro, MDSCs in the HMB, VIB, and COM groups presented lower adipogenesis vs. the CTL group. β‐Catenin mRNA and protein expressions were lower in the CTL group while their relationship was further validated through β‐catenin knock‐down approach.ConclusionsOur results showed that combined LMHFV and HMB interventions enhanced muscle strength and decreased percentage fat mass and intramuscular fat infiltration as compared with either treatment alone. Additive effect of LMHFV and HMB was demonstrated in β‐catenin expression than either treatment in MDSCs and altered cell fate from adipogenesis to myogenesis, leading to inhibition of intramuscular lipid accumulation. Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway was found to be the predominant regulatory mechanism through which LMHFV and HMB combined treatment suppressed MDSCs adipogenesis.
Maternal lithium chloride exposure alters the neuroendocrine‐cytokine axis in neonatal albino rats
Authors: Mohammed Dena A. -E. , Ahmed Rasha R. , Ahmed R. G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this work was to clarify whether maternal lithium chloride (LiCl) exposure disrupts the neonatal neuroendocrine‐cytokine axis. Pregnant Wistar rats were orally administrated 50 mg LiCl/kg b.wt. from gestational day (GD) 1 to postpartum day 28. Maternal administration of LiCl induced a hypothyroid state in both dams and their neonates compared to the control dams and neonates at lactation days (LDs) 14, 21 and 28, where the levels of serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxin (FT4) were decreased and the level of serum thyrotropin (TSH) level was increased. A noticeable depression in maternal body weight gain, neonatal body weight and neonatal serum growth hormone (GH) was observed on all examined postnatal days (PNDs; 14, 21 and 28). A single abortion case was recorded at GD 17, and three dead neonates were noted at birth in the LiCl‐treated group. Maternal administration of LiCl disturbed the levels of neonatal serum tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β), interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β), interferon‐gamma (INF‐γ), leptin, adiponectin and resistin at all tested PNDs compared to the control group. This administration produced a stimulatory action on the level of neonatal cerebral serotonin (5‐HT) at PND 14 and on the level of neonatal cerebral norepinephrine (NE) at PNDs 21 and 28. However, this administration produced an inhibitory action on the level of neonatal cerebral dopamine (DA) at all examined PNDs and on the level of neonatal cerebral NE at PND 14 and the level of neonatal cerebral 5‐HT at PNDs 21 and 28 compared to the corresponding control group. Thus, maternal LiCl exposure‐induced hypothyroidism disrupts the neonatal neuroendocrine‐cytokine system, which delay cerebral development.
On clique‐inverse graphs of graphs with bounded clique number
Authors: Alcón Liliana , Gravier Sylvain , Sales Claudia L. , Protti Fabio , Ravenna Gabriela 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe clique graph K(G) of G is the intersection graph of the family of maximal cliques of G. For a family of graphs, the family of clique‐inverse graphs of , denoted by , is defined as . Let be the family of Kp‐free graphs, that is, graphs with clique number at most p − 1, for an integer constant p ≥ 2. Deciding whether a graph H is a clique‐inverse graph of can be done in polynomial time; in addition, for can be characterized by a finite family of forbidden induced subgraphs. In Protti and Szwarcfiter, the authors propose to extend such characterizations to higher values of p. Then a natural question arises: Is there a characterization of by means of a finite family of forbidden induced subgraphs, for any p ≥ 2? In this note we give a positive answer to this question. We present upper bounds for the order, the clique number, and the stability number of every forbidden induced subgraph for in terms of p.
Does Gender Equality Matter for Regional Growth and Income Inequality? An Empirical Analysis for the Indian States
Authors: Nandan Amit , Mallick Hrushikesh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aims to address two key research issues: (i) whether gender equality promotes economic growth across Indian states and (ii) whether interstate differences in gender equality can explain per capita income disparities among the Indian states. Controlling for the relevant key factors such as components of government developmental expenditures, private investment, human capital formation and institutional quality in a regional growth model, our empirical findings confirm that gender equality leads to economic growth and that interstate differences in gender equality lead to disparities in per capita income among the Indian states. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Freedom deprivation in prisons of Serbia
Authors: Jovanić Goran , Petrović Vera , Macanović Nebojša 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe subject of this research is the deprivation of freedom at two time points. A total of 490 convicts from open, semi‐open, and closed prisons participated in the research. Freedom deprivation intensity was determined by using the freedom deprivation scale (α = .93). The results of the research indicate that almost all the participants reported freedom deprivation. The prison type had an impact on freedom deprivation intensity, whereas an influence of the ward type on deprivation was not demonstrated. Freedom deprivation intensity was consistent from the turn of the century to the present day.
Papillary renal cell carcinoma in two young adults with glycogen storage disease type Ia
Authors: Perry Ariane , Douillard Claire , Jonca Frederic , Glowacki Francois , Leroy Xavier , Caveriviere Paul , Hubert Aurélie , Labrune Philippe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGlycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD Ia) is a rare metabolic disease due to glucose‐6‐phosphatase deficiency. Chronic kidney disease is a frequent complication that may manifest itself by glomerular lesions and tubular dysfunction from the second decade of life. We report two young GSDIa patients with malignant renal tumor. The first patient was a 25‐year‐old man. He had chronic metabolic imbalance without kidney involvement. The tumor, a type 2 papillary renal carcinoma, was accidentally discovered during follow‐up. The second patient was a 27‐year‐old woman with chronic metabolic imbalance and chronic kidney involvement. The tumor, a grade 2 papillary carcinoma, was accidentally discovered during follow‐up. These two observations are, to date, the first to be reported. We suggest that annual monitoring of kidney imaging in GSDI patients should be systematic to detect renal cancer, from the second decade of life.
Rational design and improvement of the dimerization‐disrupting peptide selectivity between ROCK‐I and ROCK‐II kinase isoforms in cerebrovascular diseases
Authors: Gu Zhengtian , Yan Tingting , Yan Fuling 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHuman rho‐associated coiled‐coil forming kinases (ROCKs) ROCK‐I and ROCK‐II have been documented as attractive therapeutic targets for cerebrovascular diseases. Although ROCK‐I and ROCK‐II share a high degree of structural conservation and are both present in classic rho/ROCK signaling pathway, their downstream substrates and pathological functions may be quite different. Selective targeting of the two kinase isoforms with traditional small‐molecule inhibitors is a great challenge due to their surprisingly high homology in kinase domain (~90%) and the full identity in kinase active site (100%). Here, instead of developing small‐molecule drugs to selectively target the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) site of two isoforms, we attempt to design peptide agents to selectively disrupt the homo‐dimerization event of ROCK kinases through their dimerization domains which have a relatively low conservation (~60%). Three helical peptides H1, H2, and H3 are split from the kinase dimerization domain, from which the isolated H2 peptide is found to have the best capability to rebind at the dimerization interface. A simulated annealing (SA) iteration method is used to improve the H2 peptide selectivity between ROCK‐I and ROCK‐II. The method accepts moderate degradation in peptide affinity in order to maximize the affinity difference between peptide binding to the two isoforms. Consequently, hundreds of parallel SA runs yielded six promising peptide candidates with ROCK‐I over ROCK‐II (I over II [IoII]) calculated selectivity and four promising peptide candidates with ROCK‐II over ROCK‐I (II over I [IIoI]) calculated selectivity. Subsequent anisotropy assays confirm that the selectivity values range between 13.2‐fold and 83.9‐fold for IoII peptides, and between 5.8‐fold and 21.2‐fold for IIoI peptides, which are considerably increased relative to wild‐type H2 peptide (2.6‐fold for IoII and 2.0‐fold for IIoI). The molecular origin of the designed peptide selectivity is also analyzed at structural level; it is revealed that the peptide residues can be classified into conserved, non‐conserved, and others, in which the non‐conserved residues play a crucial role in defining peptide selectivity, while conserved residues confer stability to kinase‐peptide binding.
Comparison of medication adherence and satisfaction between entecavir and tenofovir alafenamide therapy in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Tamaki Nobuharu , Kurosaki Masayuki , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Itakura Jun , Inada Kento , Kirino Sakura , Yamashita Koji , Osawa Leona , Sekiguchi Shuhei , Hayakawa Yuka , Wang Wan , Okada Mao , Higuchi Mayu , Takaura Kenta , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Kaneko Shun , Yasui Yutaka , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Takahashi Yuka , Izumi Namiki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAdherence to nucleotide/nucleoside analog therapy is important in improving prognosis in chronic hepatitis B. We aimed to compare medical adherence and satisfaction with entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and to assess the effect of switching from ETV to TAF. Patients taking ETV (n = 114) and TAF (n = 35), and who switched from ETV to TAF (n = 15) were included. Medication adherence and satisfaction were assessed using a questionnaire. There was no significant difference in adherence between the ETV and TAF groups, but the medication satisfaction rates (0‐10, prefer‐dislike) were 1.72 ± 2.2 and 0.69 ± 1.5, respectively (P = .01; significantly higher in the TAF group). In patients who switched from ETV to TAF, medication adherence significantly improved (P = .04) as follows: never forgetting, from 40% to 87%; forgetting once every 2 to 3 months, from 33% to 7%; forgetting once every 2 months, from 20% to 7%, and forgetting once every 4 weeks, from 7% to 0%. Similarly, the medication satisfaction rate significantly improved from 4.53 ± 3.2 to 1.27 ± 2.4 after switching (P = .008). In conclusion, switching from ETV to TAF can be a useful approach to improve medication adherence and satisfaction.
Fast calculation of steady‐state charge distribution in high voltage power cables
Authors: Jörgens Christoph , Clemens Markus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractModern high voltage direct current (HVDC) power cables consist of nonlinear electric field and temperature depending insulation materials, eg, polyethylene (PE) or mass‐impregnated paper (MI). Within the insulation material, slowly time varying electric fields are the result of accumulated space charges. Due to the long operation time of power cables, the stationary charge distribution and the resulting additional field stresses inside the insulation material need to be taken into account, to ensure a stable operation of the cable system. The long accumulation time of charges in comparison to fast charge dynamics usually requires extended computation times within transient electro‐quasistatic simulation models. An alternative approach to calculate the final steady‐state charge distribution arises from the simultaneous solution of both, the stationary current and the electrostatic potential problem, which are nonlinearly coupled by Ohm's law. Each of the two potential equations are discretized using the finite difference method. Utilizing a nonlinear fixed point iteration for the electric potential, the steady‐state solution of the charge distribution is computed until convergence is obtained. During this pseudo time stepping process, oscillations may occur that yield incorrect results of the charge distribution. These oscillations are eliminated utilizing underrelaxation strategies. Numerical tests on a cylindrical and a plane parallel problem, using both approaches for the calculation of the steady‐state charge distribution, show a faster computation with the nonlinear fixed point iteration, reducing the computation time by at least one order of magnitude.
Looking at ourselves: Lessons about the operations management field learned from our top journals
Authors: Babbar Sunil , Koufteros Xenophon , Bendoly Elliot , Behara Ravi , Metters Richard , Boyer Kenneth 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe focus here on questions regarding the craft of producing operations management (OM) research manuscripts. Are the journals we publish in too siloed, with regard to participating authors and institutions? Likewise, are the OM departments we work in too intellectually siloed by virtue of journal choice—are there too many like minds? In light of who publishes in our journals and who we coauthor with, is our field “global enough” or is North America weighing too heavily? We also strive to answer a question faced by many OM departments: should highly published faculty be hired from other schools? How do such highly published authors influence those around them? We arrive at partial answers to these questions by exploring an extensive history of publication data from four journals: Journal of Operations Management, Production and Operations Management, Manufacturing and Service Operations Management, and Management Science.
Comparison of posterior‐stabilized, cruciate‐retaining, and medial‐stabilized knee implant motion during gait
Authors: Gray Hans A. , Guan Shanyuanye , Young Tony J. , Dowsey Michelle M. , Choong Peter F. , Pandy Marcus G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAccurate knowledge of knee joint motion is needed to evaluate the effects of implant design on functional performance and component wear. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to measure and compare 6‐degree‐of‐freedom (6‐DOF) kinematics and femoral condylar motion of posterior‐stabilized (PS), cruciate‐retaining (CR), and medial‐stabilized (MS) knee implant designs for one cycle of walking. A mobile biplane X‐ray imaging system was used to accurately measure 6‐DOF tibiofemoral motion as patients implanted with PS (n = 23), CR (n = 25), or MS (n = 26) knees walked over ground at their self‐selected speeds. Knee flexion angle did not differ significantly between the three designs. Relative movements of the femoral and tibial components were generally similar for PS and CR with significant differences observed only for anterior tibial drawer. Knee kinematic profiles measured for MS were appreciably different: external rotation and abduction of the tibia were increased while peak‐to‐peak anterior drawer was significantly reduced for MS compared with PS and CR. Anterior‐posterior drawer and medial‐lateral shift of the tibia were strongly coupled to internal‐external rotation for MS, as was anterior‐posterior translation of the contact center in the lateral compartment. MS exhibited the least amount of paradoxical anterior translation of the femur relative to the tibia during knee flexion. The joint center of rotation in the transverse plane was located in the lateral compartment for PS and CR and in the medial compartment for MS. Substantial differences were evident in 6‐DOF knee kinematics between the healthy knee and all three prosthetic designs. Overall, knee kinematic profiles observed for MS resemble those of the healthy joint more closely than PS and CR.
Real‐Time Energy Exposure Is Associated With Increased Oxidative Stress Among Feeding‐Tolerant Critically Ill Patients: Results From the FEDOX Trial
Authors: McKeever Liam , Peterson Sarah J. , Cienfuegos Sofia , Rizzie Jaime , Lateef Omar , Freels Sally , Braunschweig Carol A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundProspective randomized controlled trials (PRCTs) that found harm in patients receiving higher levels of energy exposure have been largely ignored, in part because of the lack of a known mechanism of harm.ObjectiveThe current 7‐day pilot study is a PRCT and post hoc analysis designed to explore the relationship between energy exposure and oxidative stress (as plasma total F2‐isoprostanes) in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome.MethodsThirty‐five participants were randomized to receive either 100% or 40% of their estimated energy needs. Our intent‐to‐treat model found no differences in F2‐isoprostanes between groups. A post hoc analysis revealed that on days when participants were in the highest tertile of daily kcal/kg, the real‐time energy flow rate within 2 hours of the blood draw was predictive of increased oxidative stress. On these days, participants in the second or third vs the first tertile of real‐time energy flow rate experienced a 41.8% (P= .006) or 26.5% (P= .001) increase in F2‐isoprostane levels, respectively. This was confirmed through a within‐group subanalysis restricted to participants with measurements on both sides of the median of real‐time energy flow rate that found a 28.2% F2‐isoprostane increase on days in the upper vs lower median of flow rate (P= .002).ConclusionThe benefits of feeding may be more nuanced than previously suspected. Our findings imply a potential mechanism of harm in meeting the current recommendations for nutrition support in the critically ill that warrants further investigation.