bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rho-associated Protein Kinase 2 Confers Epileptogenesis through the Activation of Astroglial Stat3 Pathway
Authors: Song Li-jia , Zhang Hua , Jin Jun-gong , Wang Chao , Qu Xiao-Peng , Jiang Xue , Gao Li , Li Gang , Wang Da-li , Shen Liang-liang , liu bei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are prone to tolerance to antiepileptic drugs. Based on the perspective of molecular targets for drug resistance, it is necessary to explore effective drug resistant genes and signaling pathways for the treatment of TLE. We performed gene expression profiles in hippocampus of patients with drug-resistant TLE and identified ROCK2 as one of the 20 most significantly increased genes in hippocampus. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to identify the potential role of ROCK2 in epileptogenesis. In addition, the activity of Stat3 pathway was tested in hippocampal tissues and primary cultured astrocytes. The expression levels of ROCK2 in the hippocampus of TLE patients were significantly increased compared with the control group, which was due to the hypomethylation of ROCK2 promoter. Fasudil, a specific Rho-kinase inhibitor, alleviated epileptic seizures in the pilocarpine rat model of TLE. Furthermore, ROCK2 activated the Stat3 pathway in pilocarpine-treated epilepsy rats, and the spearman correlation method confirmed that ROCK2 is associated with Stat3 activation in TLE patients. In addition, ROCK2 was predominantly expressed in astrocytes during epileptogenesis, and induced epileptogenesis by activating astrocyte cell cycle progression via Stat3 pathway. The overexpressed ROCK2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of drug-resistant epilepsy. ROCK2 accelerates astrocytes cell cycle progression via the activation of Stat3 pathway likely provides the key to explaining the process of epileptogenesis.
Numerical simulation and experimental verification of laser multi-section welding
Authors: Liu Jia , Jiang Tao , Shi Yan , Zhu Hongyin , Dai Yuchi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of large welding deformation and spatter in resistance spot welding of traditional lube oil cooler plate, a new welding method: laser multi-section welding is proposed. The major processes here involved were a finite element model of pulsed laser lap welding established using SYSWELD simulation software, and the laser welding process of different welding methods. Study the influence of different welding methods on welding quality, Optimize the parameters of average power and duty cycle according to the comparative analysis of experimental results and numerical simulation Experimental results indicate: When the new 6-sections welding method is adopted, the resulting welded joint has the most uniform heat input, the largest welding fusion area, the tensile properties of the welded joints were significantly improved, however, there are still pores. By changing the duty cycle, air holes can be effectively eliminated to further improve the quality of the joint.
Association of Vitamin D Supplementation in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscle Strength in Adult Twins: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pires Jeane , Borges Michelle Vasconcelos de Oliveira , Soares Aline Alves , Sousa Elys Costa de , Costa José Ronaldo Ribeiro da , Silva Weberthon Alessanderson Costa , Sousa Magnus Vinícius Bezerra de , Dantas Paulo Moreira Silva , Silbiger Vivian Nogueira , Luchessi André Ducati 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Although vitamin D is related to cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength, there is no evidence in the literature about the genetic influence of the response to the increase in body vitamin D. Therefore, we evaluate the effect of longitudinal supplementation of vitamin D on parameters of physical fitness in monozygotic twins.Methods: In total, 74 participants were included, with a mean age of 25 years, divided into two groups, one group received supplementation with cholecalciferol for 60 days and the other group did not. Cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength were measured before and after supplementation, through maximal treadmill tests and dynamometry, respectively. Wilcoxon tests were used to compare intra-group results and the Mann-Whitney test to examine intergroup differences.Results: There was an increase in the serum concentration of vitamin D in participants who ingested the supplementation. Cardiorespiratory fitness improved after supplementation through increases in the values of maximum oxygen consumption of 28% (P <0.001). Muscle strength in right hand grip significantly increased in participants who received the supplement to 33.0 (P = 0.007).Conclusion: 60 days of cholecalciferol supplementation improved cardiorespiratory fitness and upper limb muscle strength.Trial registration: RBR-3qy2f2. Registered 28 March 2016, http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3qy2f2/2
Feasibility of Using Common Data Model for Orthopedic Research: Analysis of Risk Factors for Periprosthetic Joint Infection after Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Chae Young Ju , Shin Jin Ho , Jung Sung Jae , Gong Hyun Sik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Common data model (CDM) is a standardized data structure defined to efficiently use different sources in hospitals. A study using the CDM is scarce for orthopedic outcome researches due to the complexity of variables. We aimed to test the feasibility of applying CDM in the orthopedic field and analyzed risk factors for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) using CDM.Methods: We undertook a retrospective cohort study of all primary and revision hip and knee TJAs at our institution from January 2003 to October 2017. We identified potential risk factors for PJI after TJAs in the literatures, which included preoperative demographic/social factors, previous medical history, intraoperative factors, laboratory results and others. The data sourced from EMR was extracted, transformed, and loaded into CDM.Results: Variables such as demographic/social factors, medical history and laboratory results could be converted into CDM, but the other known risk factors could not. In total, 12,320 primary hip and knee TJAs and 120 revision arthroplasties were identified. Among them, 34 revisions were done because of PJI. Risk factors of PJI were hypertension and urinary tract infection after total hip arthroplasty, and age (70-79 years), male sex, anemia, steroid use, and urinary tract infection after total knee arthroplasty. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that orthopedic outcome researches using CDM is feasible although data converting to CDM was possible for limited factors. Further data transforming technologies need to be developed to analyze more factors relevant to orthopedic area, such as intraoperative factors and imaging findings.
Resilience and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Pulmonary Diseases Receiving Ambulatory Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Isokääntä Siiri , Honkalampi Kirsi , Kokki Hannu , Sintonen Harri , Kokki Merja 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
PURPOSE: Pulmonary diseases affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but there are few data on patients’ adaptation to a serious illness. This study assessed resilience and its associations with HRQoL, life satisfaction, anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary diseases receiving ambulatory oxygen therapy.METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 43 patients with pulmonary diseases receiving ambulatory oxygen therapy. The patients completed the following questionnaires at baseline and after one and three months; the Resilience Scale-25, the Life Satisfaction Scale-4, the 15D instrument of HRQoL, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0). To compare HRQoL, we recruited age- and gender-matched controls from the general population (n=3574). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with low resilience.RESULTS: Almost half (41-49%) of the patients had low resilience, which was correlated with low HRQoL, low levels of life satisfaction and higher levels of anxiety and depression. Patients had very low HRQoL compared to controls (p<0.001). Dissatisfaction with life increased during the follow-up (p=0.004), but only a few patients had anxiety. Patient satisfaction with assistive technology was high; the mean QUEST 2.0 score (scale 1-5) was 4.00 at baseline, 3.92 at one month and 3.83 at three months (p=0.797).CONCLUSIONS: Resilience was low in half of the patients and was inversely correlated with HRQoL and life satisfaction and positively correlated with anxiety and depression.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Record 507A023. Registered 17 September 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT04554225&cntry=&state=&city=&dist=
Near-Infrared Intraoperative Imaging of Pelvic Autonomic Nerves:Clinical Trial
Authors: Jin Hao , Lu Ligong , Cui Min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The pelvic autonomic nerves control and regulate anorectal and urogenital function. The dysfunction of pelvic autonomic nerves lead to disorders of anorectum, bladder and male sex organs. Thus the intraoperative identification of pelvic autonomic nerves could be crucial in complications prevention and diseases treatment. Our clinical trial aims at estimating the effectiveness and validity of intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence imaging in pelvic autonomic nerves identification.Methods: Intraoperative fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green was performed in 10 patients and the feasibility was determined. From February 2019 to June 2019, the 10 patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectectomy was administrated 4.5 mg/Kg indocyanine green 24 hours before surgery. The near-infrared fluorescence imaging was conducted during surgery. A novel white light and near-infrared dual-channel laparoscopic equipment was applied. For each patient, signal background ratio values for pelvic autonomic nerves were recorded and analyzed.Results: We confirmed the best dose and timing of indocyanine green administration was 4.5 mg/Kg and 24 hours before surgery. Using the dual laparoscopic equipment, we could observe the splanchnic plexus, inferior mesenteric artery plexus, and sacral plexus successfully with a high signal background ratio value of 3.18 (standard deviation: 0.48). Conclusion: Pelvic autonomic nerves could be observed using indocyanine green fluorescence imaging during surgery. The novel method may replace the current visual identification method and become the standard clinical practice.
Impact of Exogenous Applications of Salicylic Acid on the Tolerance to Drought Stress in Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Plants
Authors: khazaei zahra , Estaji Asghar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Drought is also one of the most widespread abiotic stresses that adversely effects the growth and development of plants. To investigate the effect of salicylic acid and drought stress on several physiological and chemical reactions in sweet pepper plants, the experiment was achieved as a factorial based on a completely randomized design in greenhouse. Drought stress levels were non-stress conditions (irrigation with field capacity), moderate stress (30% field capacity irrigation) and intense water stress (60% field capacity irrigation) and three concentrations of salicylic acid included 0 (as control), 0.5 and 1 mM were sprayed on the plant in three to four leaf stages. Results: The results showed that drought decreased fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots, leaf relative water content (RWC), fruit diameter and length, the index including chlorophyll and leaf area and increased electrical conductivity (EC), antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, ascorbate, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. After application of foliar salicylic acid, all of the above parameters, except the electrical conductivity content, increased. Conclusions: From the results of this experiment it is concluded that salicylic acid provides a better tolerance for drought stress in pepper plant through its influence on vegetative, biochemical and physiological characteristics.
Hyperactive cytokine T-cell response is associated with immunosenescence in severe acute COVID-19 infection&nbsp;
Authors: Arcanjo Angélica , Logullo Jorgete , Leite Paulo Emílio Corrêa , Menezes Camilla Cristie Barreto , Freire-de-Lima Celio Geraldo , Granjeiro José Mauro , Barroso Shana Priscila Coutinho , Conceição-Silva Fátima , Savino Wilson , Morrot Alexandre 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 is a disease caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, originally classified as a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The most severe cases of COVID-19 can progress to severe pneumonia with respiratory failure, septicemia, multiple organ failure and death. The severity of the disease is aggravated by the deregulation of the immune system causing an excessive initial inflammation including the cytokine storm, compring interleukins characteristic of the T-dependent adaptive response. In the present study we show that severe patients have high levels of T helper type-1 and type-2 cytokines, as well as VGEF. Furthermore, our show abnormal cytokine levels upon T-cell mitogen stimulation, in a non-polarized response profile. This response is not specific, given that the stimulus with the heterologous tuberculin antigen was able to induce high levels of cytokines compared to healthy controls, including the vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF, which promotes neoangiogenesis in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, caused by tissue hypoxia, and involved in a clonal exhaustion program in T cells. This can be decisive given our findings demonstrating for the first time a significantly increased frequency of late-differentiated CD8+ T cells characterized by critically shortened telomeres with particular phenotype (CD57+CD28-) in severe acute COVID-19 infection. These findings reveal that severe COVID-19 is associated with senescence of T cells, especially within the CD8+ T cell compartment and points to possible mechanisms of loss of clonal repertoire and susceptibility to recurrences of COVID-19 symptoms, due to viral relapse and reinfection events.
Beauveria bassiana ERL836 and JEF-007 with similar virulence show different gene expression when interacting with cuticles of western flower thrips, Frankniella occidentalis
Authors: Kim Sihyeon , Kim Jong Cheol , Lee Se Jin , Lee Mi rong , Park So Eun , Li Dongwei , Baek Sehyeon , Shin Tae Young , Kim Jae Su 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Insect-killing fungal species, Beauveria bassiana, is as an environment-friendly pest management tool, and many isolates are on the track of industrialization. However, some of B. bassiana isolates show similar morphology and virulence against insect pests, and so it is hard to differentiate them. Herein we used two patented isolates, ERL836 and JEF-007, and investigated their virulence against western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and further analyzed genome structures and transcriptional responses when interacting with cuticles of thrips to see possible differences on the initial step of fungal infection.Results: The two isolates showed no significant differences in fungal growth, conidial production, and virulence against thrips, and they were structurally similar in genome. But, in transcription level, ERL836 appeared to infect thrips easily, while JEF-007 appeared to have more difficulty. In the GO analysis of ERL836 DEGs (differentially expressed genes), the number of up-regulated genes was much larger than that of down-regulated genes, when compared to JEF-007 DEGs (more genes down-regulated). Interestingly, in the enrichment analysis using shared DEGs between two infecting isolates, plasma membrane-mediated transporter activity and fatty acid degradation pathway including cytochrome P450 were more active in infecting ERL836.Conclusion: The two B. bassiana isolates had similar morphology and virulence as well as genome structure, but in transcription level they differently interacted with the cuticle of western flower thrips. This comparative approach using shared DEG analysis could be easily applied to characterize the difference of the two B. bassiana isolates, JEF-007 and ERL836.
Age and pain score before gastrointestinal endoscopies in children are predictors for post procedure pain.
Authors: Galai Tut , Yerushalmy-Feler Anat , Heller Nathan P. , Ben-Tov Amir , Weintraub Yael , Amir Achiya , Moran-Lev Hadar , Zac Lilach , Cohen Shlomi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy may be associated with pain and anxiety. Predictors for high pain scores after endoscopies in children are not known. The aim of our study was to identify risk factors for prolonged recovery and higher pain scores after gastrointestinal endoscopy in children. Methods: All the children that were electively admitted for gastrointestinal endoscopies were included. We retrospectively collected demographic, clinical and endoscopic data as well as information on the recovery process. A numerical rating scale and the Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability Scale were used for pain scoring. Results: During the study period (01/2016-10/2016), 284 children (median age 10.7 years, interquartile range 6.7-14.8) were recruited. In a univariate analysis, older age, higher pre-procedure pain scores, longer procedure durations, higher number of biopsies and longer recovery duration were associated with higher post-procedure pain scores. In a multivariate analysis higher pain scores before the procedure (OR 12.42, 95% CI 3.67-42, P < 0.001) and older age (OR 1.016, 95% CI 1.007-1.025, P < 0.001) were associated with higher pain scores after the procedure. Children with a higher pain score before the procedure also had a longer recovery period (OR 5.28, 95% CI (1.93‐14.49), P = 0.001).Conclusion: Older age and higher pain score before the procedure were identified as predictors for higher pain score after pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopies. Children with these risk factors should be identified before the procedure in order to personalize their post-procedure management.
Classification and morphology of middle mesial canals of mandibular first molars in a Southern Chinese subpopulation: a cone-beam computed tomographic study
Authors: Yang Yeqing , Wu Buling , Zeng Junkai , Chen Ming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was employed to study the morphology and curvature of middle mesial canals (MMCs) of mandibular first molars (MFMs).Methods: CBCT scanning was performed on MFMs of 1100 patients. Patients' images that met the inclusion criteria were divided into group A (<40 years old) and group B (≥40 years old) for further study. The images were used to study the incidence of MMCs at different ages, measure the curvature of MMCs in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions using the Schneider method, and observe the anatomical morphology of the mesial root canal system. All statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS 21.0 software. Quantitative data were presented as mean ± standard deviation. Student’s t-test was used to calculate the statistical significance. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In 875 patients, 1750 MFM images met the inclusion criteria. Among these cases, 158 MFMs contained an MMC, yielding an incidence rate of 9.03%. The incidence rate of MMCs was 11.22% in group A and 6.61% in group B, and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The curvature in the mesiodistal direction was 29.39±8.53º in group A and 26.06±8.50º in group B, and this difference was also significant (P<0.05). The curved regions in groups A and B were often located in the middle 1/3 of canal. No significant difference in the distance between MMC orifices and mesiobuccal canal orifices or mesiolingual canal orifices was noted (P>0.05). The most common mesial root canal morphological type was type II (3-2) (53.80%). Conclusion: The incidence of MMCs in MFMs declined as age increased. The canal systems of MMCs were varied and complex, mainly exhibiting an obvious mesiodistal curve. CBCT is an outstanding method to help guide root canal therapy.
Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 secreting functional interleukin 2 targets tumours and enhances the immune response to suppress tumours
Authors: Lu Binghua , Yang Huijun , Liu Fei , Sun Yunjun , He Haocheng , Ding Xuezhi , Hu Shengbiao , xia liqiu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is non-pathogenic probiotic bacteria. Previous studies have indicated that EcN can accumulate and proliferate selectively in solid tumours in BALB/c mouse models. In this study, EcN was engineered to express human interleukin 2 (hIL-2), which is known to enhance immune responses to tumours by activating a variety of immune cells. IL-2 expressed by EcN was proven to activate PBMCs in vitro. Compared to control EcN, intraperitoneally injected EcN expressing hIL-2 (EcN(hIL-2)) was selectively distributed in the tumour microenvironment and inhibited the growth of CT26 tumours in a tumour-bearing mouse model. Antitumour activity was achieved without toxicity to key normal organs and tissues, such as liver, spleen and kidneys. The antitumour mechanism was associated with the infiltration of inflammatory cells, such as T cells, neutrophils and macrophages. These findings provide evidence that the combination of tumour-targeting EcN bacteria and delivery of the immunostimulatory factor IL-2 can be exploited as a promising tumour immunotherapy.