bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of endophytic fungi and screening of Huperzine A–producing fungus from Huperzia serrata in Vietnam
Authors: Thi Minh Le Thanh , Thi Hong Hoang Anh , Thi Bich Le Thuy , Thi Bich Vo Thuy , Van Quyen Dong , Hoang Chu Ha 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHuperzine A (HupA), a natural Lycopodium alkaloid derived from Huperzia serrata (Thunb. ex Murray) Trev. plants, is a highly active acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and a key compound used for treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, HupA has been reported in various endophytic fungi isolated from H. serrata. In the present study, 153 endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy tissues of H. serrata collected from natural populations in Lam Dong province of Central Vietnam. The endophytic fungi were identified based on morphological characteristics and Internal Transcribed Spacer sequences. Among them, 34 strains were classified into seven genera belonging to Ascomycota, including Alternaria, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, and Phoma, and eight strains belonging to the genus Mucor (Zygomycota). The other strains remained unidentified. According to the results of thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, only one of the 153 strains, Penicillium sp. LDL4.4, could produce HupA, with a yield 1.38 mg l−1 (168.9 µg g−1 dried mycelium) when cultured in potato dextrose broth, which was considerably higher than that of other reported endophytic fungi. Such a fungus is a promising candidate and alternative to presently available HupA production techniques for treating AD and preventing further memory decline.
Feasibility of Using Rice Leaves Hyperspectral Data to Estimate CaCl2-extractable Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil
Authors: Zhou Weihong , Zhang Jingjing , Zou Mengmeng , Liu Xiaoqing , Du Xiaolong , Wang Qian , Liu Yangyang , Liu Ying , Li Jianlong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHeavy metals contamination is a serious problem of China. It is necessary to estimate bioavailability concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural soil for keeping the food security and human health. This study aimed to use hyperspectral data of rice (Oryza sativa) leaves as an indicator to retrieve the CaCl2-extractable concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural soil. Twenty-one rice samples, soil samples and reflectance spectra of rice leaves were collected, respectively. The potential relations between hyperspectral data and CaCl2-extractable heavy metals (E-HM) were explored. The partial least-squares regression (PLSR) method with leave-one-out cross-validation has been used to predict concentrations of CaCl2-extractable cadmium (E-Cd) and concentrations of CaCl2-extractable lead (E-Pb) in farmland soil. The results showed that the concentrations of E-Cd in soil had significant correlation with concentrations of Cd in rice leaves; the number of bands associated with E-Cd was more than that of E-Pb. Four indices (normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), carotenoid reflectance index (CRI), photochemical reflectance index 2 (PRI2), normalized pigments chlorophyll ratio index (NPCI)) were significant (P < 0.05) and negatively related to the E-Cd concentrations. The PLSR model of E-Cd concentrations performed better than the PLSR model of E-Pb concentrations, which with R2 = 0.592 and RMSE = 0.046. We conclude that if the rice was sensitive to E-HM and/or the crop was stressed by the E-HM, the hyperspectral data of field rice leaves hold potentials in estimating concentration of E-HM in farmland soil. Therefore, this method provides a new insight to monitoring the E-HM content in agricultural soil.
Purinergic receptor mediated calcium signalling in urothelial cells
Authors: Chess-Williams Russell , Sellers Donna J. , Brierley Stuart M. , Grundy David , Grundy Luke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNon-neuronal ATP released from the urothelium in response to bladder stretch is a key modulator of bladder mechanosensation. Whilst non-neuronal ATP acts on the underlying bladder afferent nerves to facilitate sensation, there is also the potential for ATP to act in an autocrine manner, modulating urothelial cell function. The aim of this study was to systematically characterise the functional response of primary mouse urothelial cells (PMUCs) to ATP. PMUCs isolated from male mice (14–16 weeks) were used for live-cell fluorescent calcium imaging and qRT-PCR to determine the expression profile of P2X and P2Y receptors. The majority of PMUCs (74–92%) responded to ATP (1 μM–1 mM), as indicted by an increase in intracellular calcium (iCa2+). PMUCs exhibited dose-dependent responses to ATP (10 nM–1 mM) in both calcium containing (2 mM, EC50 = 3.49 ± 0.77 μM) or calcium free (0 mM, EC50 = 9.5 ± 1.5 μM) buffers. However, maximum iCa2+ responses to ATP were significantly attenuated upon repetitive applications in calcium containing but not in calcium free buffer. qRT-PCR revealed expression of P2X1–6, and P2Y1–2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11–14, but not P2X7 in PMUCs. These findings suggest the major component of ATP induced increases in iCa2+ are mediated via the liberation of calcium from intracellular stores, implicating functional P2Y receptors that are ubiquitously expressed on PMUCs.
Expansion, isolation and first characterization of bovine Th17 lymphocytes
Authors: Cunha Patricia , Vern Yves Le , Gitton Christophe , Germon Pierre , Foucras Gilles , Rainard Pascal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInterleukin 17A-producing T helper cells (Th17) are CD4+ T cells that are crucial to immunity to extracellular bacteria. The roles of these cells in the bovine species are poorly defined, because the characterization of bovine Th17 cells lags behind for want of straightforward cultivation and isolation procedures. We have developed procedures to differentiate, expand, and isolate bovine Th17 cells from circulating CD4+ T cells of adult cows. Using polyclonal stimulation with antibodies to CD3 and CD28, we expanded IL-17A-positive CD4+ T cells in a serum-free cell culture medium supplemented with TGF-β1, IL-6 and IL-2. Populations of CD4+ T cells producing IL-17A or IFN-γ or both cytokines were obtained. Isolation of IL-17A-secreting CD4+ T cells was performed by labelling surface IL-17A, followed by flow cytometry cell sorting. The sorted Th17 cells were restimulated and could be expanded for several weeks. These cells were further characterized by cytokine profiling at transcriptomic and protein levels. They produced high amounts of IL-17A and IL-17F, and moderate amounts of IL-22 and IFN-γ. The techniques developed will be useful to characterize the phenotypic and functional properties of bovine Th17 cells.
Functional and neurometabolic asymmetry in SHR and WKY rats following vasoactive treatments
Authors: Segarra Ana B. , Prieto-Gomez Isabel , Banegas Inmaculada , Martínez-Cañamero Magdalena , Luna Juan de Dios , de Gasparo Marc , Ramírez-Sánchez Manuel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA lateralized distribution of neuropeptidase activities in the frontal cortex of normotensive and hypertensive rats has been described depending on the use of some vasoactive drugs and linked to certain mood disorders. Asymmetrical neuroperipheral connections involving neuropeptidases from the left or right hemisphere and aminopeptidases from the heart or plasma have been suggested to play a role in this asymmetry. We hypothesize that such asymmetries could be extended to the connection between the brain and physiologic parameters and metabolic factors from plasma and urine. To assess this hypothesis, we analyzed the possible correlation between neuropeptidases from the left and right frontal cortex with peripheral parameters in normotensive (Wistar Kyoto [WKY]) rats and hypertensive rats (spontaneously hypertensive rats [SHR]) untreated or treated with vasoactive drugs such as captopril, propranolol and L-nitro-arginine methyl ester. Neuropeptidase activities from the frontal cortex were analyzed fluorometrically using arylamide derivatives as substrates. Physiological parameters and metabolic factors from plasma and urine were determined using routine laboratory techniques. Vasoactive drug treatments differentially modified the asymmetrical neuroperipheral pattern by changing the predominance of the correlations between peripheral parameters and central neuropeptidase activities of the left and right frontal cortex. The response pattern also differed between SHR and WKY rats. These results support an asymmetric integrative function of the organism and suggest the possibility of a different neurometabolic response coupled to particular mood disorders, depending on the selected vasoactive drug.
Formation and composition of the UTLS aerosol
Authors: Martinsson Bengt G. , Friberg Johan , Sandvik Oscar S. , Hermann Markus , van Velthoven Peter F. J. , Zahn Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStratospheric aerosol has long been seen as a pure mixture of sulfuric acid and water. Recent measurements, however, found a considerable carbonaceous fraction extending at least 8 km into the stratosphere. This fraction affects the aerosol optical depth (AOD) and the radiative properties, and hence the radiative forcing and climate impact of the stratospheric aerosol. Here we present an investigation based on a decade (2005–2014) of airborne aerosol sampling at 9–12 km altitude in the tropics and the northern hemisphere (NH) aboard the IAGOS-CARIBIC passenger aircraft. We find that the chemical composition of tropospheric aerosol in the tropics differs markedly from that at NH midlatitudes, and, that the carbonaceous stratospheric aerosol is oxygen-poor compared to the tropospheric aerosol. Furthermore, the carbonaceous and sulfurous components of the aerosol in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) show strong increases in concentration connected with springtime subsidence from overlying stratospheric layers. The LMS concentrations significantly exceed those in the troposphere, thus clearly indicating a stratospheric production of not only the well-established sulfurous aerosol, but also a considerable but less understood carbonaceous component.
Acquired Apraxia of Speech: Comparison of Electropalatography Treatment and Sound Production Treatment
Authors: Mauszycki Shannon C. , Wambaugh Julie L. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
This investigation compared 2 treatment approaches for acquired apraxia of speech. The effects of a treatment that uses an articulatory–kinematic approach in conjunction with visual biofeedback (VBFB) via electropalatography (EPG) were compared to Sound Production Treatment (SPT), an established behavioral treatment that is also an articulatory–kinematic approach.

Method
A multiple baseline design across behaviors and participants was used with 2 participants with chronic apraxia of speech and aphasia. Accuracy of target speech sounds in treated and untreated words or phrases in probe sessions served as the dependent variable. The effects of 2 treatments based on an articulatory–kinematic approach were compared: (a) VBFB via EPG and (b) SPT. The order of treatments was counterbalanced across participants.

Results
Positive changes in articulatory accuracy were observed for SPT and VBFB treatment via EPG. Generalization to untreated stimulus items composed of treated speech sounds was also positive for both treatments. However, participants achieved greater articulatory accuracy with SPT during treatment and better long-term maintenance.

Discussion
Both treatment approaches resulted in improved speech production accuracy, but gains were greater for SPT. However, further research with additional participants is needed due to the small sample size included in this investigation.
Accuracy of Bone Resection in MAKO Total Knee Robotic-Assisted Surgery
Authors: Sires James D. , Craik Johnathan D. , Wilson Christopher J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccurate component positioning and planning is vital to prevent malalignment of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) as malalignment is associated with an increased rate of polyethylene wear and revision arthroplasty. The MAKO total knee robotic arm-assisted surgery (Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI) uses a preoperative computed tomography scan of the patient's knee and three-dimensional planning to size and orientate implants prior to bone resection. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the MAKO Total Knee system in achieving the preoperative plan for bone resection and final limb coronal alignment. A series of 45 consecutive cases was performed using the MAKO Total Knee system and Triathlon Total Knee implant (Stryker) between April 2018 and May 2019. The difference between what was planned and what was achieved for bone resection and coronal limb alignment was calculated. A total of 37 patients had their data captured using the MAKO system software. Mean difference from the plan for distal femoral cuts was 0.38mm (0.32) deep/proud, anterior femoral cuts 0.44mm (0.27) deep/proud and tibial cuts 0.37mm (0.30) deep/proud. In total, 99 out of 105 (94.29%) of bone resections were within 1mm of the plan. Mean absolute difference in final limb coronal alignment was 0.78° (0.78), with 78.13% being ≤1.00° of the plan, and 100% being ≤3.00° of the plan. The accuracy in achieving preoperatively planned bone resection and final limb coronal alignment using the MAKO Total Knee system is high. Future research is planned to look at whether this is associated with decreased rates of polyethylene wear and revision arthroplasty.
Turner Syndrome with Isochromosome Xq
Authors: Güzel Erdal Gülbahar , Balkan Mahmut 
Published: November 2019

AbstractShort stature and growth retardation in girls commonly occur in patients with Turner syndrome. We present a 19-year-old-girl with primary amenorrhea and growth retardation, who has a mosaic karyotype, 46X,i(Xq)[17]/45,X[8]. Classic Turner syndrome has a more severe phenotype than variant causes of Turner syndrome. We present a patient with 46,X,i(Xq) karyotype and compare the clinical and laboratory findings with the classic description of Turner syndrome. Our patient has normal social and psychomotor skills unlike previously reported cases in the literature. This case expands the phenotype–genotype description of Turner syndrome, which makes it an important contribution to the literature.
Super-activator variants of the cyanobacterial transcriptional regulator ChlR essential for tetrapyrrole biosynthesis under low oxygen conditions
Authors: Hiraide Yuto , Yamamoto Haruki , Kawajiri Yasushi , Yamakawa Hisanori , Wada Kei , Fujita Yuichi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
ChlR is a MarR-type transcriptional regulator that activates the transcription of the chlAII-ho2-hemN operon in response to low oxygen conditions in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Upon exposure to low oxygen conditions, ChlR activates transcription of the operon that encodes enzymes critical to tetrapyrrole biosynthesis under low oxygen conditions. We previously identified a super-activator variant, D35H, of ChlR that constitutively activates transcription of the operon. To gain insight into the low-oxygen induced activation of ChlR, we obtained eight additional super-activator variants of ChlR including D35H from pseudorevertants of a chlAI-disrupted mutant. Most substitutions were located in the N-terminal region of ChlR. Mapping of the substituted amino acid residues provided valuable structural insights that uncovered the activation mechanism of ChlR.
Research on the Substitute Potential of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Electric Energy under Multiple Scenarios Based on PSO-SVM Algorithm
Authors: Huang Y S , Cai Y Q 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To control the haze of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the government has promoted the “electric energy substitution” (EES)strategy of replacing scattered coal and direct fuel with electric energy. In order to explore the potential of EES in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, this paper takes GDP, population, and technological progress as influencing factors, considers multiple scenarios based on the “decoupling” theory, and establishes a regional energy substitution potential prediction model based on particle swarm optimization support vector machine(PSO-SVM). The market potential of electric energy substitution is predicted and analyzed through scenario analysis. Based on the prediction results, suggestions for promoting electric energy replacement strategy are proposed.
Numerical Simulation and Modal Analysis of External Flow Field of Large Wind Turbine
Authors: Zhang Boqiang , Wu Xinping , He Zhiqiang , Li Zhentao , Bi Sutao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of complex and slow optimization process of large-scale wind turbine blade design and the influence of wind turbine flutter, etc. The numerical simulation analysis and modal analysis of the external flow field of the wind turbine under the rated wind speed are carried out by the hybrid method. A fluid simulation model based on CFD was established. The method of rotating reference frame and SST k-omega turbulence model are used to simulate the external flow of fan wind turbine in FLUENT. The first 6 natural modes of the wind wheel are calculated in Hypermesh/Optistruct. The results show that the hybrid simulation method can quickly obtain the impeller flow field information, and the flow of the tip portion is extremely unstable. In each natural mode, the blade deformation position is basically from the maximum chord length to the tip position. The closer to the tip, the more obvious the blade vibration deformation is. At the same time, the first-order natural frequency of the wind wheel is 0.919Hz, which is greater than 0.382Hz when the rated speed is 12m/s, thus effectively avoiding resonance phenomenon.
Research on quantum communication network based on random matrix theory
Authors: Xi Jin , Su Xue , Li Yiping 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The application of quantum communication network structure has attracted much attention. In this paper, stochastic matrix method is used to analyze quantum communication network structure. Firstly, the point-to-point quantum communication technology is studied, and then the quantum communication network structure between multi-point users is analyzed. Combined with the classical wireless network communication technology, the quantum teleportation and quantum entanglement state between quantum dots are analyzed by random matrix theory, then the analysis extends to quantum communication network system. The simulation results show that the stochastic matrix theory can accurately analyze the channel characteristics of quantum communication networks.
Improved voltage equalization control strategy in modular multilevel converter
Authors: Hongtao Jin , Yinghong Luo , Shengxiong Pan , Yuheng Fan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of traditional carrier phase-shift modulation with multiple ratios or PI controllers and cumbersome tuning parameters, this paper proposes an improved carrier phase-shift method. The control signal is no longer generated by a large number of proportional or PI controllers, but rather by the number of turn-on sub-modules and sorting principles. However, because the method uses a sorting method, the IGBT switching frequency is too high. Therefore, a sorting trigger condition that can effectively reduce the switching frequency is proposed, and the lower switching frequency is realized by reducing the times of sorting. At the same time, the method has better modulation wave following characteristics, and it is easy to achieve the suppression of the circulation. For the circulation problem, the second-frequency negative sequence component is extracted by rotating coordinate transformation, and it is suppressed by PI control. A 21-level MMC model was built in MATLAB / simulink to analyze the sub-module capacitor voltage fluctuation, output current, voltage distortion rate and bridge-arm circulation. It is verified that the modulation method can combine sorting algorithm and circulation suppression method at the same time, and has better voltage equalization and circulation suppression effects.
Research on Vibration Failure Mechanism of High Pressure Pump in Reverse Osmosis Water Generator
Authors: Han Xingxing , Hu Cun , Cai Pengfei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Compared with other methods, the reverse osmosis method has the characteristics of simple equipment, convenient operation, high efficiency, no phase change, no heating, low energy consumption, low operating cost, strong adaptability and wide application range. It is the most promising seawater desalination technology. The high-pressure pump in the reverse osmosis water-making device is an important and precise component, and its operating state directly determines the performance of the water generator. This paper analyzes a vibration fault of a high-pressure pump and finds the maintenance points and precautions in its daily operation.
Experimental Investigation on Active Longitudinal Vibration Suppression of the Thrust Bearing
Authors: Huang Z W , Tan Y H 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe thrust bearing in a marine propulsion shafting system is the main transmission path of vibration induced by the longitudinal fluctuating forces of the propeller, and has significant influence on the coupled vibration and acoustic radiation of the shafting-hull system. An active control method for suppressing the longitudinal vibration of the thrust bearing is presented, which is able to reduce the coupled vibration of the shafting-hull system. The active method was experimented on a shafting system, which comprised two electromagnetic actuators symmetrically mounted on the thrust bearing base. The two actuators can response to an adaptive control strategy and theoretically suppress the dynamic forces between the thrust bearing and its base and resulting reduce vibrations in the hull structure. Experimental results demonstrated that the active control method was able to reduce vibration of the thrust bearing effectively, and the power spectra were decreased by about 90%.
Research on the Unit’s Control Strategy of On-line Primary Frequency Modulation
Authors: Kun Han Ying , Lin Mou , Jun Liu , Hui Zhang , Bin Yu Qing , Yuan Li Yuan , Qing Yan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces the basic principle and control structure of primary frequency modulation on the thermal power units, at the same time gives the forming method of primary frequency modulation compensation instruction. Combined with the actual power production and aiming at the actual problems of primary frequency modulation, this paper presents the flexible limiting control method of primary frequency modulation instruction and on-line automatic correction method, which can effectively improve the primary frequency modulation performance on the thermal power units and ensure the safe operation of power grid. This scheme provides reference for other units to improve the primary frequency modulation optimization.