bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Folate receptor-targeted positron emission tomography of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats
Authors: Elo Petri , Li Xiang-Guo , Liljenbäck Heidi , Helin Semi , Teuho Jarmo , Koskensalo Kalle , Saunavaara Virva , Marjamäki Päivi , Oikonen Vesa , Virta Jenni , Chen Qingshou , Low Philip S. , Knuuti Juhani , Jalkanen Sirpa , Airas Laura , Roivainen Anne 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundFolate receptor-β (FR-β) is a cell surface receptor that is significantly upregulated on activated macrophages during inflammation and provides a potential target for folate-based therapeutic and diagnostic agents. FR-β expression in central nervous system inflammation remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, we used focally induced acute and chronic phases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) to study patterns of FR-β expression and evaluated its potential as an in vivo imaging target.MethodsFocal EAE was induced in rats using heat-killed Bacillus Calmette-Guérin followed by activation with complete Freund’s adjuvant supplemented withMycobacterium tuberculosis. The rats were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) at acute (14 days) and chronic (90 days) phases of inflammation. The animals were finally sacrificed for ex vivo autoradiography of their brains. PET studies were performed using FR-β-targeting aluminum [18F]fluoride-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid conjugated folate ([18F]AlF-NOTA-folate,18F-FOL) and 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO)-targetingN-acetyl-N-(2-[11C]methoxybenzyl)-2-phenoxy-5-pyridinamine (11C-PBR28). Post-mortem immunohistochemistry was performed using anti-FR-β, anti-cluster of differentiation 68 (anti-CD68), anti-inducible nitric oxide synthase (anti-iNOS), and anti-mannose receptor C-type 1 (anti-MRC-1) antibodies. The specificity of18F-FOL binding was verified using in vitro brain sections with folate glucosamine used as a blocking agent.ResultsImmunohistochemical evaluation of focal EAE lesions demonstrated anti-FR-β positive cells at the lesion border in both acute and chronic phases of inflammation. We found that anti-FR-β correlated with anti-CD68 and anti-MRC-1 immunohistochemistry; for MRC-1, the correlation was most prominent in the chronic phase of inflammation. Both18F-FOL and11C-PBR28 radiotracers bound to the EAE lesions. Autoradiography studies verified that this binding took place in areas of anti-FR-β positivity. A blocking assay using folate glucosamine further verified the tracer’s specificity. In the chronic phase of EAE, the lesion-to-background ratio of18F-FOL was significantly higher than that of11C-PBR28 (P = 0.016).ConclusionOur EAE results imply that FR-β may be a useful target for in vivo imaging of multiple sclerosis-related immunopathology. FR-β-targeted PET imaging with18F-FOL may facilitate the monitoring of lesion development and complement the information obtained from TSPO imaging by bringing more specificity to the PET imaging armamentarium for neuroinflammation.
Challenges and standardization of microRNA profiling in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in dogs suffering from non-infectious inflammatory CNS disease
Authors: Cirera Susanna , Andersen-Ranberg Emilie Ulrikka , Langkilde Sille , Aaquist Maria , Gredal Hanne 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNon-infectious inflammatory (NII) central nervous system (CNS) conditions are primarily diagnosed by the demonstration of inflammatory changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, less-invasive methods and peripheral biomarkers are desired. Changes in circulating microRNA (miRNA), which are short non-coding regulatory RNAs, may serve as biomarkers of disease. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate selected miRNAs in serum and CSF, hypothesizing that the levels of specific miRNAs in serum correlate with their presence in CSF, and that changes in serum miRNAs levels may reflect CNS disease. We profiled serum and CSF samples using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) searching for selected and previously profiled miRNAs in serum (let-7a, let-7c, miR-15b, miR-16, miR-21, miR-23a, miR-24, miR-26a, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-181c and miR-221-3p) and in CSF (let-7c, miR-16, miR-21, miR-24, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-181c and miR-221-3p) from 13 dogs with NII CNS disease and six control dogs. We demonstrated the presence of several miRNAs in CSF (let-7c and miR-21 dominating) and serum (miR-23a and miR-21 dominating). However, we generally failed to reproduce consistent results in CSF samples due to several reasons: unacceptable PCR efficiency, a wide variation between cDNA replicates and/or no-amplification in qPCR suggesting very low levels of the investigated miRNAs in canine CSF. Serum samples performed better, and 10 miRNAs qPCR assays were qualified for analysis. We were nevertheless unable to detect a difference in the expression of miRNA levels between cases and controls. Moreover, we could not confirm the results of recent miRNA investigations of canine CNS diseases. We believe that these disagreements highlight the significant effect of methodological/analytical variation, rather than the incapacity of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of CNS disease. A secondary aim was therefore to communicate methodological challenges in our study and to suggest recommendations for circulating miRNA profiling, including pre-, post- and analytical methods based on our experience, in order to reach reproducible and comparable results in veterinary miRNA research.
The prognostic value of serum procalcitonin measurements in critically injured patients: a systematic review
Authors: AlRawahi Aziza N. , AlHinai Fatma A. , Doig Christopher J. , Ball Chad G. , Dixon Elijah , Xiao Zhengwen , Kirkpatrick Andrew W. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Major trauma is associated with high incidence of septic complications and multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), which markedly influence the outcome of injured patients. Early identification of patients at risk of developing posttraumatic complications is crucial to provide early treatment and improve outcomes. We sought to evaluate the prognostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels after trauma as related to severity of injury, sepsis, organ dysfunction, and mortality.

Methods
We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Database, and references of included articles. Two investigators independently identified eligible studies and extracted data. We included original studies that assessed the prognostic value of serum PCT levels in predicting severity of injury, sepsis, organ dysfunction, and mortality among critically injured adult patients.

Results
Among 2015 citations, 19 studies (17 prospective; 2 retrospective) met inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of included studies was moderate. All studies showed a strong correlation between initial PCT levels and Injury Severity Score (ISS). Twelve out of 16 studies demonstrated significant elevation of initial PCT levels in patients who later developed sepsis after trauma. PCT level appeared a strong predictor of MOD in seven out of nine studies. While two studies did not show association between PCT levels and mortality, four studies demonstrated significant elevation of PCT levels in non-survivors versus survivors. One study reported that the PCT level of ≥ 5 ng/mL was associated with significantly increased mortality (OR 3.65; 95% CI 1.03–12.9; p = 0.04).

Conclusion
PCT appears promising as a surrogate biomarker for trauma. Initial peak PCT level may be used as an early predictor of sepsis, MOD, and mortality in trauma population.
The GH10 and GH48 dual-functional catalytic domains from a multimodular glycoside hydrolase synergize in hydrolyzing both cellulose and xylan
Authors: Chu Yindi , Hao Zhenzhen , Wang Kaikai , Tu Tao , Huang Huoqing , Wang Yuan , Bai Ying Guo , Wang Yaru , Luo Huiying , Yao Bin , Su Xiaoyun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Regarding plant cell wall polysaccharides degradation, multimodular glycoside hydrolases (GHs) with two catalytic domains separated by one or multiple carbohydrate-binding domains are rare in nature. This special mode of domain organization endows the Caldicellulosiruptor bescii CelA (GH9-CBM3c-CBM3b-CBM3b-GH48) remarkably high efficiency in hydrolyzing cellulose. CbXyn10C/Cel48B from the same bacterium is also such an enzyme which has, however, evolved to target both xylan and cellulose. Intriguingly, the GH10 endoxylanase and GH48 cellobiohydrolase domains are both dual functional, raising the question if they can act synergistically in hydrolyzing cellulose and xylan, the two major components of plant cell wall.

Results
In this study, we discovered that CbXyn10C and CbCel48B, which stood for the N- and C-terminal catalytic domains, respectively, cooperatively released much more cellobiose and cellotriose from cellulose. In addition, they displayed intramolecular synergy but only at the early stage of xylan hydrolysis by generating higher amounts of xylooligosaccharides including xylotriose, xylotetraose, and xylobiose. When complex lignocellulose corn straw was used as the substrate, the synergy was found only for cellulose but not xylan hydrolysis.

Conclusion
This is the first report to reveal the synergy between a GH10 and a GH48 domain. The synergy discovered in this study is helpful for understanding how C. bescii captures energy from these recalcitrant plant cell wall polysaccharides. The insight also sheds light on designing robust and multi-functional enzymes for plant cell wall polysaccharides degradation.
Evaluation of big data frameworks for analysis of smart grids
Authors: Ansari Mohammad Hasan , Tabatab Vakili Vahid , Bahrak Behnam 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWith the rapid development of smart grids and increasing data collected in these networks, analyzing this massive data for applications such as marketing, cyber-security, and performance analysis, has gained popularity. This paper focuses on analysis and performance evaluation of big data frameworks that are proposed for handling smart grid data. Since obtaining large amounts of smart grid data is difficult due to privacy concerns, we propose and implement a large scale smart grid data generator to produce massive data under conditions similar to those in real smart grids. We use four open source big data frameworks namely Hadoop-Hbase, Cassandra, Elasticsearch, and MongoDB, in our implementation. Finally, we evaluate the performance of different frameworks on smart grid big data and present a performance benchmark that includes common data analysis techniques on smart grid data.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Nutrition self-efficacy assessment: designing and psychometric evaluation in a community-dwelling elderly population
Authors: Shamsalinia Abbas , Ghadimi Reza , Chafjiri Razieh Torabi , Norouzinejad Faezeh , Pourhabib Ali , Ghaffari Fatemeh 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Awareness of nutrition self-efficacy dimensions can enable healthcare providers to guide their use in screening and providing a context for positive changes such as in promoting a healthy lifestyle and quality care among elderly people.

Objectives
Developing an instrument for assessing nutrition self-efficacy among Iranian elderly population.

Methods
A sequential mixed exploratory design was applied to clarify and determine dimensions of nutrition self-efficacy in a community-dwelling elderly population in two phases. The first phase included a related literature review and a qualitative study. The validity and reliability of the tool were investigated in the second phase. The instrument’s content validity was assessed by experts in nutrition self-efficacy’s field and reliability was determined by internal consistency and construct reliability.

Results
Three factors (adherence efficacy, preventive behaviors, and information effectiveness) and 29 items were obtained after assessing the face, content, and construct validity. The reliability of the nutrition self-efficacy questionnaire (NSEQ) exceeded α > 0.7. Concerning the cumulative percent of the variance, the three factors determined 64.05% of the total variance.

Conclusions
The NSEQ designed in this study, using the background experiences of the elderly living in the community and a review of related texts, and has acceptable reliability and validity. However, the diet self-efficacy questionnaire cannot yet be used as a gold standard, but it can be recommended for use as a measurement of individual diet self-efficacy in a community-dwelling elderly population.
Low fruit and vegetable intake is associated with depression among Korean adults in data from the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Ju Se-young , Park Yoo Kyoung 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Depression is a major mental disorder worldwide. The prevalence of depression among Korean adults was estimated to be 5.6% in 2006 and 6.7% in 2011, and that increased to 10.3% in 2013. Using national data, the present study investigated the association between vegetable and fruit intake and the prevalence of depression among Korean adults.

Methods
This analysis used data from 4349 subjects aged 19 years and older who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2014). Depression was assessed using the self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9. Food and nutrient intake was assessed using the 24-h recall method. Individual food intake was categorized into 18 food groups. The statistical analyses in this study were performed by adopting stratification, clustering, and sample weight variables using SPSS Ver. 23.0. Cronbach’s α was used to determine the internal consistency of the PHQ-9 items. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios of depression adjusted for several confounders.

Results
The depression rate of all subjects was between 8.7 and 4.7% and decreased as vegetable and fruit intake increased. With regard to sex, the depression rate decreased from 6.4 to 2.5% in males and from 11.4 to 6.6% in females as vegetable and fruit intake increased. Thus, the results of this study reveal an inverse association between vegetable and fruit intake and depression. The odds ratios show that vegetable and fruit intake was inversely associated with depression with no adjustment. When the data were adjusted for age, energy intake, obesity, smoking, drinking, stress, eating-out frequency, breakfast, and food security, subjects exhibited significantly lower rates of depression with higher vegetable and fruit intakes.

Conclusions
This is the first study to investigate the association between vegetable and fruit consumption and depression in a Korean population. Additional epidemiological studies are needed to find the underlying reasons for that association.
Cancer Susceptibility Mutations in Patients With Urothelial Malignancies
Authors: Carlo Maria I. , Ravichandran Vignesh , Srinavasan Preethi , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Kemel Yelena , Ceyhan-Birsoy Ozge , Mukherjee Semanti , Mandelker Diana , Chaim Joshua , Knezevic Andrea , Rana Satshil , Fnu Zarina , Breen Kelsey , Arnold Angela G. , Khurram Aliya , Tkachuk Kaitlyn , Cipolla Catharine K. , Regazzi Ashley , Hakimi A. Ari , Al-Ahmadie Hikmat , Dalbagni Guido , Cadoo Karen A. , Walsh Michael F. , Teo Min-Yuen , Funt Samuel A. , Coleman Jonathan A. , Bochner Bernard H. , Iyer Gopa , Solit David B. , Stadler Zsofia K. , Zhang Liying , Rosenberg Jonathan E. , Taylor Barry S. , Robson Mark E. , Berger Michael F. , Vijai Joseph , Bajorin Dean F. , Offit Kenneth 
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE Urothelial cancers (UCs) have a substantial hereditary component, but, other than their association with Lynch syndrome, the contribution of genetic risk factors to UC pathogenesis has not been systematically defined. We sought to determine the prevalence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants in patients with UC and identify associated clinical factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Overall, 586 patients with UC underwent prospective, matched tumor-normal DNA sequencing. Seventy-seven genes associated with cancer predisposition were analyzed; allele frequencies were compared with publicly available database. RESULTS P/LP germline variants were identified in 80 (14%) of 586 individuals with UC. The most common P/LP variants in high- or moderate-penetrance genes were BRCA2 (n = 9; 1.5%), MSH2 (n = 8; 1.4%), BRCA1 (n = 8; 1.4%), CHEK2 (n = 6; 1.0%), ERCC3 (n = 4; 0.7%), and NBN and RAD50 (n = 3; 0.5% each). Sixty-six patients (83%) had germline P/LP variants in DNA-damage repair (DDR) genes, of which 28 (42%) had biallelic inactivation. Patients with P/LP variants were more commonly diagnosed at an early age (22% v 6% in those without variants; P = .01). BRCA2 and MSH2 were significantly associated with an increased risk for UC (odds ratio, 3.7 [ P = .004] and 4.6 [ P = .001], respectively). Current clinical guidelines for referral for genetic testing failed to identify 6 (26%) patients with high-penetrance variants. CONCLUSION Clinically significant P/LP germline variants in DDR genes frequently are present in patients with advanced UC. The presence of DDR germline variants could guide cancer screening for patients and their families and serve as predictive biomarkers of response to targeted or immunotherapies. Family history–based criteria to identify patients with hereditary UC susceptibility are insensitive. Broader germline testing in UC, particularly in those of young ages, should be considered.
La prolongada sombra brasileña de Santa Teresa de Jesús
Authors: Maura Antonio 
Published: December 2019

Sáez Martínez, B. (Ed.). (2015). Santa Teresa de Ávila en Brasil. Madrid: Centro de Publicaciones. Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. El libro que se comenta viene a llenar un hueco en la bibliografía sobre Santa Teresa de Jesús: la repercusión de su obra y enseñanzas en tierras brasileñas. En esta colección de artículos, coordinada por Begoña Sáez Martínez, emergen muchos aspectos de la trayectoria y herencia de la santa. Caben destacar los trabajos referentes a la historia de las traducciones portuguesas de la obra teresiana en Brasil, a las fundaciones de conventos de carmelitas descalzos y su relación en la geografía brasileña. También, en otro orden de cosas, es destacable el artículo que versa sobre la herencia literaria que la obra de Teresa de Jesús ha dejado en Brasil y la iconografía de la santa en sus iglesias y conventos. Como un trabajo de iniciación en las experiencias místicas, se debe destacar el trabajo que trata sobre la Umbanda y el Candomblé como gestos de la religiosidad afro-brasileña y su comparación a los momentos de éxtasis y encuentros divinos que la santa tuvo a lo largo de su vida. La obra de Teresa, como recuerda la coordinadora del libro, “para dar cuenta de lo innombrable, se torna singular, polifónica, extrema.”
P002 Endoscopic Characteristics and Prognosis of Pouchitis Involving the Pouch Inlet in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Akiyama Shintaro , Ollech Jacob , Rai Victoria , Glick Laura , Singer Jorie , Karpin Jordan , Rodriguez Tina , Yi Yangtian , Shaffer Seth , Russell D Cohen , Hurst Roger , Hyman Neil , Dalal Sushila , Sakuraba Atsushi , Pekow Joel , Rubin David 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:
In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), surgical intervention is sometimes required due to medically refractory colitis or the development of neoplasia, and restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the most common procedure for those with colitis. However, pouchitis can develop in up to 80% of patients after the surgery and significantly impairs quality of life. Despite the high prevalence of pouchitis, endoscopic phenotypes have not been clarified. This study assessed the frequency of and risk factors for inflammation involving the pouch inlet.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective single-center study of IBD patients treated by total proctocolectomy with IPAA and who subsequently underwent pouchoscopies at the University of Chicago between January 2007 and September 2019. We reviewed the endoscopic findings in different anatomic areas of the pouch: the pre-pouch ileum, inlet, “tip of the J”, proximal and distal pouch, anastomosis, rectal cuff, anal canal, and perianal area. This analysis evaluated all available pouchoscopies and included any patient who had inlet inflammation noted at least once. Demographic and clinical data were also assessed. Log-rank test was used for a univariate analysis to assess factors contributing to pouch excision. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed as a multivariate analysis including univariate variables with a p-value < 0.10.

RESULTS:
We reviewed 1,081 pouchoscopies from 426 IBD patients who underwent proctocolectomy with IPAA and identified 188 patients (44%) with pouchitis involving the inlet. Of these patients, 62% were men, 89% were Caucasian, mean age at diagnosis (SD) was 24 ± 11 years, and mean BMI 26 ± 5. The included patients had pre-pouch diagnoses of ulcerative colitis (165; 89%), indeterminate colitis (14; 7.5%), and Crohn’s disease (7; 3.8%) as the diagnosis before surgery. Twenty-five percent (47/188) had inlet stenosis and 33% (62/188) had pouch-anal anastomotic stenosis. Compared with the cuff, the rate of ulcerations was higher in the pre-pouch ileum and inlet (27.1% vs 42% and 66%, respectively). After a mean of 12 years of follow-up, the overall prevalence of pouch excision was 14% (25/188). Multivariate analysis identified that inlet stenosis significantly predicted pouch excision (HR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.24-6.86; p = 0.014), whereas anastomotic stenosis was not a significant predictor (HR = 1.48; 0.64-3.42; p = 0.36).

CONCLUSION(S):
Inlet inflammation and stenosis is present in a significant number of IBD patients with pouchitis, and stenosis in particular is associated with pouch excision. There is a pressing need to understand the causes and develop treatments of this complication.