bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consentement et refus de l’électroconvulsivothérapie au Québec, partie 1
Authors: Ferron Parayre Audrey , Bernheim Emmanuelle , Gauthier-Boiteau Delphine 
Published: December 2024

L’électroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) a un statut particulier dans l’imaginaire social. Longtemps associé à la période asilaire, ce traitement n’a pas été abandonné par la pratique médicale, son utilisation s’étant même accrue au cours des dix dernières années. Pourtant, le caractère controversé de ce traitement demeure. On reproche notamment à l’ECT un manque de fondement scientifique, une incertitude quant aux risques et effets secondaires à moyen et long terme, de même qu’une utilisation beaucoup plus importante chez les femmes âgées. Dans ce contexte, en quelles circonstances et de quelles manières est-il justifié de soumettre une personne à ce soin? Le présent texte porte sur le processus de consentement éclairé à l’ECT pour les personnes majeures et aptes, et aborde plus spécifiquement le contenu du devoir d’information des médecins. Nous proposons une analyse critique des pratiques ayant cours dans le contexte particulier de l’ECT au Québec. D’abord, les éléments scientifiques quant à la nature, aux bénéfices et aux risques de l’ECT seront discutés afin de rendre compte des controverses et des nombreuses incertitudes qui persistent concernant son usage. Les pratiques québécoises en matière de consentement à l’ECT seront par la suite décrites et analysées à la lumière des incertitudes scientifiques précédemment exposées, et en tenant compte du cadre normatif qui impose des balises en matière de devoir d’information et d’obtention du consentement par les médecins. Finalement, des propositions seront faites dans le but d’améliorer le processus de consentement éclairé à l’ECT au Québec, afin que les droits des patient.e.s concerné.e.s soient mieux respectés.
Consentement et refus de l’électroconvulsivothérapie au Québec, partie 2
Authors: Bernheim Emmanuelle , Ferron Parayre Audrey , Gauthier-Boiteau Delphine 
Published: December 2024

Alors que l’usage de l’électroconvulsivothérapie (ECT) est en augmentation au Québec, son efficacité et son innocuité sont loin de faire l’unanimité. Les recherches internationales ont mis en lumière le fait que les personnes ayant reçu des séances d’ECT rapportent avoir eu peu d’information sur la procédure et notamment sur les risques qui y sont associés. Selon les études, l’ECT est imposée contre le consentement du ou de la patient.e dans une proportion qui varie entre le tiers et la moitié des cas. Aucune donnée concernant le processus de consentement à l’ECT et le refus de ce traitement n’est disponible au Québec.

Cet article présente les résultats d’une analyse de la jurisprudence en matière d’autorisation de soins concernant l’ECT. Tous les jugements rendus entre 1997 et 2023 disponibles dans les bases de données (N=99) ont été collectés et systématiquement analysés sous quatre aspects : 1) l’analyse du tribunal sur sa compétence; 2) l’analyse du tribunal sur les risques et bénéfices relatifs à l’ECT, notamment quant aux effets secondaires et aux connaissances scientifiques; 3) le degré de précision des ordonnances concernant l’ECT; et 4) la discrétion laissée à la partie demanderesse dans l’exécution des ordonnances.

Les résultats de notre recherche démontrent que les décisions judiciaires sont prises en l’absence de tout fondement scientifique, après une analyse juridique le plus souvent sommaire, et laissent une grande marge de manoeuvre aux parties demanderesses, ce qui soulève plusieurs interrogations quant aux possibilités pour certains groupes sociaux de refuser des soins psychiatriques.
Correlation and mediation analysis between plasmapheresis donation behavior and bone mineral density and bone metabolism biomarkers: a cross-sectional study based on plasmapheresis donors at high risk of osteoporosis in China
Authors: Li Wan , Liu Jia , Li Changqing , Yang Hui , Yang Yating , Li Zhiwei , Yang Shouqiang , He Yuan , Xiao Guanglin , Wang Ya , Chen Yongjun 
Published: December 2024

Background
As a group of more than 3.67 million people, the bone health of Chinese plasmapheresis donors, which the main population is also a risk group of osteoporosis (OP), has raised concerns. Therefore, this article investigates the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism indicators, and plasmapheresis donation behavior among some high-risk plasmapheresis donors for OP in China, and further explores the mediating factors through reasonable statistical methods.

Methods
Recruiting long-term and highly active plasmapheresis donors and new donors to measure the total calcium, albumin (ALB), 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), type I procollagen amino-terminal peptide (P1NP), and type I collagen carboxy-terminal peptide (β-CTX) and serum ferritin (SF). Then, multiple linear regression was used to adjust confounding factors. Using restrictive cubic splines to explore the nonlinear relationship. Using the Bootstrap method, investigate whether SF has a mediating effect between plasmapheresis donation behavior and bone metabolism biomakers. Finally, analyze the differences in BMD between the two.

Results
Compared to new donors, repeat donors have a lower 25OHD, β-CTX and SF levels, while P1NP and PTH levels are high, with statistical differences. The Bootstrap analysis results show that SF level is a partial mediating factor between plasmapheresis donation behavior and bone metabolism biomakers, with a mediating effect ratio of 21.8%. There was no significant difference in the BMD between the two.

Conclusion
Long-term and frequently plasmapheresis donation does not affect the bone mass of even elderly donors at high risk for osteoporosis under the existing collection standards and anticoagulant use in China. However, as a self-regulation way, it does increase the osteogenic activity of the body.
Io, comunità, libertà. In dialogo con Edith Stein.
Authors: Pezzella Anna María 
Published: December 2024

La contribución examina la cuestión de la comunidad dentro del pensamiento de E. Stein. Se aborda la relación entre el individuo y la comunidad y el papel de la libertad personal en esta relación. Se subrayan también las diferencias y las analogías entre la persona y la comunidad y la importancia que ésta ha tenido en la reflexión y en las opciones existenciales de la fenomenóloga.
Solution‐Processed and Transparent Graphene Oxide/TiOx Gas Barrier via an Interfacial Photocatalytic Reduction
Authors: Byeon Jinhwan , Lee Jong‐Hoon , Kim Geunjin , Back Hyungcheol , Park Byoungwook , Kim Jehan , Lee Kwanghee 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA cost‐effective, flexible, and transparent gas barrier has been a main pursuit of research into plastics electronics. However, it is difficult to realize a high‐performance gas barrier on a plastic substrate via a solution process at low temperature. Here, by introducing an interfacial photocatalytic reduction between TiOx and graphene oxide (GO) films, a solution‐processed and transparent gas barrier film is demonstrated using reduced GO (rGO)/TiOx. A dramatic photochemical reduction of GO occurs at the interface between TiOx and the GO film under ultraviolet irradiation, which allows the fabrication of dense and uniform gas barrier films via a solution process at temperatures below 100 °C. In addition, the closely packed structure in the rGO film results in a decreased water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 0.37 g m−2 day−1 even with a thin rGO (<13 nm)/TiOx (7 nm) film, leading to a high transmittance of over 80% in the visible range.
Acrylonitrile‐Mediated Nascent RNA Sequencing for Transcriptome‐Wide Profiling of Cellular RNA Dynamics
Authors: Chen Yuqi , Wu Fan , Chen Zonggui , He Zhiyong , Wei Qi , Zeng Weiwu , Chen Kun , Xiao Feng , Yuan Yushu , Weng Xiaocheng , Zhou Yu , Zhou Xiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRNA sequencing has greatly facilitated gene expression studies but is weak in studying temporal RNA dynamics; this issue can be addressed by analyzing nascent RNAs. A famous method for nascent RNA analysis is metabolic labeling with noncanonic nucleoside followed by affinity purification, however, purification processes can always introduce biases into data analysis. Here, a chemical method for nascent RNA sequencing that avoids affinity purification based on acrylonitrile‐mediated uridine‐to‐cytidine (U‐to‐C) conversion (AMUC‐seq) via 4‐thiouridine (s4U) cyanoethylation is presented. This method converts s4U base‐pairing with guanine through the nucleophilic addition of s4U to acrylonitrile. The high reaction efficiency permits AMUC‐seq directly and efficiently to recover nascent RNA information from total RNAs. AMUC‐seq is validated by being used to detect mRNA half‐lives and investigating the direct gene targets of a G‐quadruplex stabilizer, which can be regarded as potential anticancer drug, in human cells. Thousands of direct gene targets of this drug are verified (these genes are significantly enriched in cancer such as SRC and HRAS). AMUC‐seq also confirms G‐quadruplex stabilization that impacts RNA polyadenylation. These results show AMUC‐seq is qualified for the study of temporal RNA dynamics, and it can be a promising strategy to study the therapeutic mechanism of transcription‐modulating drugs.
Metal–Organic Framework for Transparent Electronics
Authors: Wu Jie , Chen Jinhang , Wang Chao , Zhou Yi , Ba Kun , Xu Hu , Bao Wenzhong , Xu Xiaohui , Carlsson Anna , Lazar Sorin , Meingast Arno , Sun Zhengzong , Deng Hexiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractElectronics allowing for visible light to pass through are attractive, where a key challenge is to make the core functional units transparent. Here, it is shown that transparent electronics can be constructed by epitaxial growth of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) on single‐layer graphene (SLG) to give a desirable transparency of 95.7% to 550 nm visible light and an electrical conductivity of 4.0 × 104 S m−1. Through lattice and symmetry match, collective alignment of MOF pores and dense packing of MOFs vertically on SLG are achieved, as directly visualized by electron microscopy. These MOF‐on‐SLG constructs are capable of room‐temperature recognition of gas molecules at the ppb level with a linear range from 10 to 108 ppb, providing real‐time gas monitoring function in transparent electronics. The corresponding devices can be fabricated on flexible substrates with large size, 3 × 5 cm, and afford continuous folding for more than 200 times without losing conductivity or transparency.
Wheat grain yield and nitrogen uptake as influenced by fertilizer placement depth
Authors: Bryant‐Schlobohm Ryan , Dhillon Jagmandeep , Wehmeyer Gwendolyn B. , Raun William R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGlobal nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for cereal production is estimated to be only 33%. Providing producers with efficient methods to increase the effectiveness of their N applications is integral to agricultural sustainability and environmental quality. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) injected at different depths on grain yield and uptake of N in grain. Liquid UAN (28–0–0) was applied in bands at depths of 5 and 10 cm, along with surface applications, all at various N rates around Feekes growth stage 5. Placement depth had the most significant impact on yield at low N rates. Subsurface application at 10 cm was most beneficial in low N no‐till (NT) soils, whereas surface treatments produced higher yields in low N environments of conventional till (CT) systems. Three of the four locations experienced higher rates of N uptake from subsurface applications when compared with surface treatments. No difference in grain N uptake was apparent between application depths of 5 and 10 cm. Subsurface N applications were beneficial in reducing rates of ammonia volatilization from urea‐based fertilizers. While there was no clear separation between 5 and 10 cm application depths, subsurface depths of 10 cm provide the most significant promise in benefiting yield in low N environments of NT soils and increasing grain N across CT and NT systems.
Closed‐end capillary rise—An experimental study
Authors: Wu Pingkeng , Ramakrishnan T. S. , Zhang Hua , Wasan Darsh T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe spontaneous rise of Newtonian liquids in closed‐end capillaries is investigated with three different organics. Rise rate and equilibrium height are significantly reduced by a compression induced minor elevation in air pressure within the capillaries. We verify our earlier mathematical analysis quantifying viscous dissipation within air, and also show that the dynamic contact angle plays a material role. The relative importance of these varies with capillary dimensions. We also quantify the influence of atmospheric pressure variation and the temperature induced fluctuations in the rise height. A single parameter that relates static and dynamic contact angles is sufficient to match all of the data. This parameter is obtained from an open‐capillary experiment.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Trifluoromethylation of Benzyl Bromides Using Trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane and CsF in 1,2‐Dimethoxyethane
Authors: Nozawa‐Kumada Kanako , Osawa Sayuri , Ojima Takuto , Noguchi Koto , Shigeno Masanori , Kondo Yoshinori 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn SN2‐type trifluoromethylation of benzyl halides under transition‐metal‐free conditions has been developed using trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane (CF3SiMe3, Ruppert−Prakash reagent) and CsF in 1,2‐dimethoxyethane (DME). Under the developed reaction conditions, the in situ generated trifluoromethyl anion (CF3−) overcame the instability and displayed enhanced nucleophilicity in the presence of DME. This method provides an efficient approach for the generation of various (2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl)arenes such as those bearing alkyl, alkoxy, halo (F, Cl, and Br) and trifluoromethyl groups on the benzene rings.
Near‐Infrared Emission from Tin–Lead (Sn–Pb) Alloyed Perovskite Quantum Dots by Sodium Doping
Authors: Liu Feng , Jiang Junke , Zhang Yaohong , Ding Chao , Toyoda Taro , Hayase Shuzi , Wang Ruixiang , Tao Shuxia , Shen Qing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhase‐stable CsSnxPb1−xI3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) hold great promise for optoelectronic applications owing to their strong response in the near‐infrared region. Unfortunately, optimal utilization of their potential is limited by the severe photoluminescence (PL) quenching, leading to extremely low quantum yields (QYs) of approximately 0.3 %. The ultra‐low sodium (Na) doping presented herein is found to be effective in improving PL QYs of these alloyed QDs without alerting their favourable electronic structure. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies suggest the formation of a stronger chemical interaction between I− and Sn2+ ions upon Na doping, which potentially helps to stabilize Sn2+ and suppresses the formation of I vacancy defects. The optimized PL QY of the Na‐doped QDs reaches up to around 28 %, almost two orders of magnitude enhancement compared with the pristine one.
Trishomoaromatic (B3N3Ph6) Dianion: Characterization and Two‐Electron Reduction
Authors: Li Nan , Wu Botao , Yu Chao , Li Tianyu , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBenzene, a common aromatic compound, can be converted into an unstable antiaromatic 8π‐electron intermediate through two‐electron reduction. However, as an isoelectronic equivalent of benzene, borazine (B3N3Ph6), having weak aromaticity, undergoes a totally different two‐electron reduction to afford (B3N3R6)2− homoaromatic compounds. Reported here is the synthesis of homoaromatic (B3N3Ph6)2− by the reduction of B3N3Ph6 with either potassium or rubidium in the presence of 18‐crown‐6 ether. Theoretical investigations illustrate that two electrons delocalize over the three boron atoms in (B3N3Ph6)2−, which is formed by the geometric and orbital reorganization and exhibits (π,σ)‐mixed homoaromaticity. Moreover, (B3N3Ph6)2− can act as a robust 2e reductant for unsaturated compounds, such as anthracene, chalcone, and tanshinones. This 2e reduction is of high efficiency and selectivity, proceeds under mild reaction conditions, and can regenerate neutral borazine.
Supramolecular Strategies for Controlling Reactivity within Confined Nanospaces
Authors: Wang Kaiya , Jordan Jacobs H. , Hu Xiao‐Yu , Wang Leyong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNanospaces are ubiquitous in the realm of biological systems and are of significant interest among supramolecular chemists. Understanding chemical behavior within nanospaces offers new perspectives on biological phenomena in nature and opens the way to highly unusual and selective forms of catalysis. Supramolecular chemistry exploits weak, yet effective, intermolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding, metal‐ligand coordination, and the hydrophobic effect to assemble nano‐sized molecular architectures, providing reactions with remarkable rate acceleration, substrate specificity, and product selectivity. In this minireview, the focus is on the strategies that supramolecular chemists use to emulate the efficiency of biological processes, and elucidating how chemical reactivity is efficiently controlled within well‐defined nanospaces. Approaches such as orientation and proximity of substrate, transition‐state stabilization, and active‐site incorporation will be discussed.
On‐Surface Synthesis of NBN‐Doped Zigzag‐Edged Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Fu Yubin , Yang Huan , Gao Yixuan , Huang Li , Berger Reinhard , Liu Junzhi , Lu Hongliang , Cheng Zhihai , Du Shixuan , Gao Hong‐Jun , Feng Xinliang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report the first bottom‐up synthesis of NBN‐doped zigzag‐edged GNRs (NBN‐ZGNR1 and NBN‐ZGNR2) through surface‐assisted polymerization and cyclodehydrogenation based on two U‐shaped molecular precursors with an NBN unit preinstalled at the zigzag edge. The resultant zigzag‐edge topologies of GNRs are elucidated by high‐resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in combination with noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc‐AFM). Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the electronic structures of NBN‐ZGNR1 and NBN‐ZGNR2 are significantly different from those of their corresponding pristine fully‐carbon‐based ZGNRs. Additionally, DFT calculations predict that the electronic structures of NBN‐ZGNRs can be further tailored to be gapless and metallic through one‐electron oxidation of each NBN unit into the corresponding radical cations. This work reported herein provides a feasible strategy for the synthesis of GNRs with stable zigzag edges yet tunable electronic properties.
Correlating Pressure‐Induced Emission Modulation with Linker Rotation in a Photoluminescent MOF
Authors: Sussardi Alif , Hobday Claire L. , Marshall Ross J. , Forgan Ross S. , Jones Anita C. , Moggach Stephen A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractConformational changes of linker units in metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are often responsible for gate‐opening phenomena in selective gas adsorption and stimuli‐responsive optical and electrical sensing behaviour. Herein, we show that pressure‐induced bathochromic shifts in both fluorescence emission and UV/Vis absorption spectra of a two‐fold interpenetrated Hf MOF, linked by 1,4‐phenylene‐bis(4‐ethynylbenzoate) ligands (Hf‐peb), are induced by rotation of the central phenyl ring of the linker, from a coplanar arrangement to a twisted, previously unseen conformer. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, alongside in situ fluorescence and UV/Vis absorption spectroscopies, measured up to 2.1 GPa in a diamond anvil cell on single crystals, are in excellent agreement, correlating linker rotation with modulation of emission. Topologically isolating the 1,4‐phenylene‐bis(4‐ethynylbenzoate) units within a MOF facilitates concurrent structural and spectroscopic studies in the absence of intermolecular perturbation, allowing characterisation of the luminescence properties of a high‐energy, twisted conformation of the previously well‐studied chromophore. We expect the unique environment provided by network solids, and the capability of combining crystallographic and spectroscopic analysis, will greatly enhance understanding of luminescent molecules and lead to the development of novel sensors and adsorbents.
Thiol–Anhydride Dynamic Reversible Networks
Authors: Podgórski Maciej , Mavila Sudheendran , Huang Sijia , Spurgin Nathan , Sinha Jasmine , Bowman Christopher N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe reaction of thiols and anhydrides to form ring opened thioester/acids is shown to be highly reversible and it is accordingly employed in the fabrication of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) that possess tunable dynamic covalent chemistry. Maleic, succinic, and phthalic anhydride derivatives were used as bifunctional reactants in systems with varied stoichiometries, catalyst, and loadings. Dynamic characteristics such as temperature‐dependent stress relaxation, direct reprocessing and recycling abilities of a range of thiol–anhydride elastomers, glasses, composites and photopolymers are discussed. Depending on the catalyst strength, 100 % of externally imposed stresses were relaxed in the order of minutes to 2 hours at mild temperatures (80–120 °C). Pristine properties of the original materials were recovered following up to five cycles of a hot‐press reprocessing technique (1 h/100 °C).
Bioinspired and Mechanically Strong Fibers Based on Engineered Non‐Spider Chimeric Proteins
Authors: Li Yuanxin , Li Jingjing , Sun Jing , He Haonan , Li Bo , Ma Chao , Liu Kai , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSilk‐protein‐based fibers have attracted considerable interest due to their low weight and extraordinary mechanical properties. Most studies on fibrous proteins focus on the recombinant spidroins, but these fibers exhibit moderate mechanical performance. Thus, the development of alternative structural proteins for the construction of robust fibers is an attractive goal. Herein, we report a class of biological fibers produced using a designed chimeric protein, which consists of the sequences of a cationic elastin‐like polypeptide and a squid ring teeth protein. Remarkably, the chimeric protein fibers exhibit a breaking strength up to about 630 MPa and a corresponding toughness as high as about 130 MJ m−3, making them superior to many recombinant spider silks and even comparable to some native counterparts. Therefore, this strategy is a novel concept for exploring bioinspired ultrastrong protein materials through the development of new types of structural chimeric proteins.
Influence of monomeric concentration on mechanical and electrical properties of poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) and poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile/acrylic acid) yarns electrospun
Authors: Caro‐Briones Rubén , García‐Pérez Blanca Estela , Báez‐Medina Héctor , San Martín‐Martínez Eduardo , Martínez‐Mejía Gabriela , Jiménez‐Juárez Rogelio , Martínez‐Gutiérrez Hugo , Corea Mónica 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTwo series of copolymers were synthesized by emulsion polymerization: poly(styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) P(S:AN) and P(S:AN‐acrylic acid) P(S:AN‐AA). The monomeric concentrations in both series were: 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 50:50 (wt%:wt%), and 1 wt% of AA. The copolymers were dissolved in N,N‐dimethylformamide (4–10 wt%) and were electrospun. Polymeric yarns were collected using a blade collector. The synthesized and fabricated materials were characterized by known techniques. Mechanical and electrical properties of polymeric yarns indicated a dependence of monomeric concentration. Elastic modulus increases as acrylonitrile concentration increases (up to 30 MPa). Yarns were submitted to degradation process into saline solution, where the acrylic acid content kept a constant elastic modulus at long times. The electrical current into yarns was higher when the concentration is 50:50 wt%:wt% (1.2 mA). The cytotoxicity results showed a cell viability close to 100% for yarns without AA.