bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of surrounding frame members on the buckling behavior of steel shear walls restrained by stiffeners
Authors: Ikarashi Kikuo , Shimomura Hayato , Yasunaga Jumpei , Ueki Takuya , Ono Junichiro , Ohyama Tatsuya 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNumerous studies have addressed the influence of the surrounding frame members on the in‐plane properties of steel shear walls with stiffeners. However, the effect of the out‐of‐plane stiffness on the buckling strength of stiffening plates has not been elucidated. Herein, the influence of surrounding frame members on the buckling behavior of steel shear walls reinforced by cross stiffeners was investigated. A calculation formula for the elastic buckling strength of the stiffened plate was proposed by eigenvalue analysis. In addition, the relationship between the buckling strength and out‐of‐plane stiffness of the surrounding frame members was revealed and a calculation formula for the buckling strength considering the out‐of‐plane stiffness was put forward. Finally, through experimental tests and large deformation analysis, the effect of vertical frame members on the elasto‐plastic property of the stiffened plate was shown. The results obtained are as follows. This study proposes an elastic buckling strength calculation formula for a stiffened plate by correcting the elastic buckling strength calculation formula of an orthotropic plate using the ratio between the torsional rigidity of an actual stiffened plate and that of the plate regarded as anisotropic. The rate of decrease in elastic buckling strength of the stiffened plate due to the out‐of‐plane stiffness of the surrounding frame member can be evaluated by the flexural rigidity ratio between the surrounding member and the stiffened plate. The rate of decrease in elastic buckling strength of stiffened plates due to the out‐of‐plane stiffness of the left and right surrounding vertical frame members with different bending stiffnesses and intermediate vertical frame members can be evaluated by the buckling stress ratio determined from the out‐of‐plane stiffness of the surrounding vertical frame members. It is possible to obtain a stable behavior even if the out‐of‐plane stiffness of the surrounding member is relatively small, if the elastic buckling strength is higher than the shear yield strength of the stiffened plate. It was confirmed that the effect of the end constraint condition on the elasto‐plastic behavior of a stiffened plate was negligible. The results obtained in this study can facilitate the construction of novel earthquake‐resistant steel shear walls.
Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress Evaluations in Juvenile African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Exposed to NPK Fertilizer
Authors: Helen N. Ebeh , Nathan A. Adegoke , Mathias N. Ugwu , Nwani Christopher Didigwu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Juvenile African Catfish (also known as Sharptooth Catfish) Clarias gariepinus were exposed to 2.26, 4.52, and 11.30 mg/L NPK (15-15-15) fertilizer for 21 d followed by 7 d of recovery to assess the genotoxic effects of the fertilizer in erythrocytes. Biomarkers of oxidative stress were evaluated in the liver and gill tissues. The fertilizer induced micronuclei formation with maximum effects on day 7 in erythrocytes of individuals that were exposed to 4.52 and 11.30 mg/L NPK, and on day 14 in individuals exposed to 2.26 mg/L of the same fertilizer. The lipid peroxidation, glutathione reductase, and reduced glutathione values in the exposed fish increased, while the values of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase decreased. There were mixed trends in the recovery patterns after the 7-d withdrawal from the fertilizer. Careful use of the fertilizer in the field is recommended to avoid toxicological effects on nontarget organisms.
Development of a stereoscopic CT metal artifact management algorithm using gantry angle tilts for head and neck patients
Authors: Branco Daniela , Kry Stephen , Taylor Paige , Rong John , Zhang Xiaodong , Peterson Christine , Frank Steven , Followill David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDental amalgams are a common source of artifacts in head and neck (HN) images. Commercial artifact reduction techniques have been offered, but are substantially ineffectual at reducing artifacts from dental amalgams, can produce additional artifacts, provide inaccurate HU information, or require extensive computation time, and thus offer limited clinically utility. The goal of this work was to define and validate a novel algorithm and provide a phantom‐based testing as proof of principle. An initial clinical comparison to a vendor's current solution was also performed. The algorithm uses two‐angled CT scans in order to generate a single image set with minimal artifacts posterior to the metal implants. The algorithm was evaluated using a phantom simulating a HN patient with dental fillings. Baseline (no artifacts) geometrical measurements of the phantom were taken in the anterior–posterior, left–right, and superior–inferior directions and compared to the metal‐corrected images using our algorithm to evaluate possible distortion from application of the algorithm. Mean HU numbers were also compared between the baseline scan and corrected image sets. A similar analysis was performed on the vendor's algorithm for comparison. The algorithm developed in this work successfully preserved the image geometry and HU and corrected the CT metal artifacts in the region posterior to the metal. The average total distortion for all gantry angles in the AP, LR, and SI directions was 0.17, 0.12, and 0.14 mm, respectively. The HU measurements showed significant consistency throughout the different reconstructed images when compared to the baseline image sets. The vendor's algorithm also showed no geometrical distortion but performed inferiorly in the HU number analysis compared to our technique. Our novel metal artifact management algorithm, using CT gantry angle tilts, provides a promising technique for clinical management of metal artifacts from dental amalgam.
Long‐term phosphate fertilization strategies evaluation in a Brazilian Oxisol
Authors: Zancanaro de Oliveira Luiz E. , de Sousa Djalma M. G. , de Figueiredo Cícero C. , Nunes Rafael de S. , Malaquias Juaci V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThere are concerns related to the application of phosphate fertilizers to weathered soils that present low soil test phosphorus (STP) due to P adsorption in iron oxyhydroxides. Furthermore, long‐term trials are needed to evaluate crop response to corrective P fertilization and its interaction with different maintenance P fertilization strategies in these soils. An experiment involving the combination of three initial corrective P fertilization schemes (control without P correction or with the application of 105 kg P ha−1 as triple superphosphate [TSP] or reactive rock phosphate [RRP]), four P maintenance strategies (a control without the application of maintenance P, or 35 kg P ha−1 yr−1 as TSP, RRP, or a mix of both) and two application methods was cultivated during 16 yr at the Embrapa Cerrados experimental station in Planaltina, DF, Brazil. Corrective P fertilization promoted an early crop yield response. In contrast, high crop yields were only obtained in control treatments with no corrective P fertilization after soil P stocks were increased to a minimum level. With increasing P stocks, broadcast application resulted in slightly better yields. The required residual P stocks in soil to obtain high yields were estimated as equivalent to 113.6 and 205.2 kg P ha−1 for TSP and RRP, respectively. These values allow for STP contents to increase to critical levels, whose value for TSP of 4.1 mg kg−1 Mehlich‐1 P is below that recommended for the region, possibly due to the contribution of organic P forms in the long‐term no‐tillage system.
Maternal SLE and brachytelephalangic chondrodysplasia punctata in a patient with unrelated de novo RAF1 and SIX2 variants
Authors: Alkhunaizi Ebba , Unger Sharon , Shannon Patrick , Nishimura Gen , Blaser Susan , Chitayat David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOur improved tools to identify the aetiologies in patients with multiple abnormalities resulted in the finding that some patients have more than a single genetic condition and that some of the diagnoses made in the past are acquired rather than inherited. However, limited knowledge has been accumulated regarding the phenotypic outcome of the interaction between different genetic conditions identified in the same patients. We report a newborn girl with brachytelephalangic chondrodysplasia punctata (BCDP) as well as frontonasal dysplasia, ptosis, bilateral hearing loss, vertebral anomalies, and pulmonary hypoplasia who was found, by whole exome sequencing, to have a de novo pathogenic variant in RAF1 (c.770C>T, [p.Ser257Leu]) and a likely pathogenic variant in SIX2 (c.760G>A [p.A254T]), as well as maternal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This case shows that BCDP is most probably not a diagnostic entity and can be associated with various conditions associated with CDP including maternal SLE.
Early neurodevelopmental and medical profile in children with sex chromosome trisomies: Background for the prospectiveeXtraordinarYbabies study to identify early risk factors and targets for intervention
Authors: Tartaglia Nicole , Howell Susan , Davis Shanlee , Kowal Karen , Tanda Tanea , Brown Mariah , Boada Cristina , Alston Amanda , Crawford Leah , Thompson Talia , van Rijn Sophie , Wilson Rebecca , Janusz Jennifer , Ross Judith 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSex chromosome trisomies (SCT), including Klinefelter syndrome/XXY, Trisomy X, and XYY syndrome, occur in 1 of every 500 births. The past decades of research have resulted in a broadening of known associated medical comorbidities as well as advances in psychological research. This review summarizes what is known about early neurodevelopmental, behavioral, and medical manifestations in young children with SCT. We focus on recent research and unanswered questions related to the risk for neurodevelopmental disorders that commonly present in the first years of life and discuss the medical and endocrine manifestations of SCT at this young age. The increasing rate of prenatal SCT diagnoses provides the opportunity to address gaps in the existing literature in a new birth cohort, leading to development of the eXtraordinarY Babies Study. This study aims to better describe and compare the natural history of SCT conditions, identify predictors of positive and negative outcomes in SCT, evaluate developmental and autism screening measures commonly used in primary care practices for the SCT population, and build a rich data set linked to a bank of biological samples for future study. Results from this study and ongoing international research efforts will inform evidence‐based care and improve health and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Surgeon cost feedback through a surgical receipt program reduces cost in sinonasal surgery
Authors: Gill Amarbir S. , Reddy Renuka K. , Kulinich Andrea G , Kim Joanna , Wilson Machelle D , Liang Jonathan , Strong E. Bradley , Steele Toby O. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundOperating room (OR) costs are a large portion of healthcare expenses. This study evaluates the impact of a surgeon‐targeted surgical receipt cost feedback system on OR supply costs in sinonasal surgery and individual components contributing to procedural cost.MethodsItemized weekly surgical receipts detailing individual case supply costs were analyzed before and after the implementation of a non‐incentivized surgeon cost feedback system between January 2017 and June 2019. Supply cost data collected 15 months prior to intervention was compared to cost data 15 months after implementation of the weekly automated receipt dissemination to surgeons. Chi square test was used for categorical data and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare change in cost. Univariate and mediation analyses were performed to assess variables impacting cost.ResultsOf 502 sinonasal procedures analyzed, 239 were before and 264 after cost feedback implementation. There were no significant differences in age/gender, or indication for surgery. The median OR supply cost decreased from $1229.64 to $1097.22 (p = 0.02) after receipt implementation. There were effects of procedure type (p = 0.02), circulating nurse specialization (p < 0.001), steroid eluting stent (p = 0.002), and sinus drill (p < 0.001) on cost. Mediation analysis confirmed full mediation by decreasing use of steroid‐eluting stents.ConclusionSurgeon cost feedback in the form of individualized OR surgical receipts is an effective model to reduce supply cost per case in sinonasal surgery.
Refined carbohydrate‐rich diet is associated with long‐term risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in apolipoprotein E ε4 allele carriers
Authors: Gentreau Mélissa , Chuy Virginie , Féart Catherine , Samieri Cécilia , Ritchie Karen , Raymond Michel , Berticat Claire , Artero Sylvaine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn animal models, refined carbohydrates (RF) worsen Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the long‐term effects of high RF intake on the risk of dementia and AD are poorly described in epidemiological studies. Moreover, the interaction between RF and the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE‐ε4) is unknown. Our study investigated whether RF‐rich diets are associated with the risk of dementia and AD.MethodsThe glycemic load (GL) was quantified in 2777 elderly participants from the French Three‐City Study to estimate RF intake. Then, the associations between GL and risk of dementia and AD, and the interaction with APOE‐ε4 over a 12‐year period were assessed using proportional hazards models.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, high afternoon‐snack GL was associated with increased dementia and AD risk in APOE‐ε4 carriers (hazard ratio = 1.27 [1.03–1.56]).DiscussionThis study highlights that RF‐rich diets are a risk factor for dementia and AD in APOE‐ε4 carriers.
Magnetic‐Field‐Controlled Quantum Critical Points in the Triangular Antiferromagnetic Cs2CuCl4‐xBrx Mixed System
Authors: van Well Natalija , Ramakrishnan Sitaram , Beauvois Ketty , Qureshi Navid , Ressouche Eric , Skoulatos Markos , Georgii Robert , Zaharko Oksana , van Smaalen Sander 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe triangular antiferromagnetic Cs2CuCl4‐xBrx mixed system is studied by neutron single‐crystal diffraction in magnetic field. It shows a rich magnetic phase diagram consisting of four regimes depending on the Br concentration and is characterized by different exchange coupling mechanisms. For the investigated compositions from regime I (0 < x ≤ 1.5), a critical magnetic field Bc is found for a Br concentration x = 0.8 at Bc = 8.10(1) T and for x = 1.1 at Bc = 7.73(1) T and from regime IV (3.2 < x < 4) for x = 3.3 at Bc = 0.99(3) T. For magnetic fields larger than the respective Bc, magnetic superlattice reflections of these compounds are not found. The incommensurate magnetic wave vector q = (0, 0.470, 0) appears below the ordering temperature TN = 0.51(1) K for Cs2CuCl3.2Br0.8, and q = (0, 0.418, 0) below TN = 1.00(6) K for Cs2CuCl0.3Br3.7. Neutron diffraction experiments at around 60 mK for x = 3.7 in a magnetic field show the critical magnetic field at Bc = 7.94(16) T and the formation of the second magnetic phase at around 8.5 T depending on the temperature. Inelastic neutron scattering experiments for the compound from regime III (2 < x ≤ 3.2) with x = 2.2 show dynamical correlations at a temperature around 50 mK giving evidence for a spin liquid phase.
Mixed Anionic and Cationic Redox Chemistry in a Tetrathiomolybdate Amorphous Coordination Framework
Authors: Zhu Qi , Wang Jiande , Liu Xuelian , Ebejer Neil , Rambabu Darsi , Vlad Alexandru 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report the electrochemistry of a hitherto unexplored Na2MoS4 phase as a conversion electrode material for Na‐ and Li‐ion batteries. The material adopts an amorphous coordination polymer structure with mixed Mo and S valences. XPS and XRD analysis reveal a complex interplay between Mo and S redox chemistry, while excluding the formation of free sulfur, lithium sulfide, or other crystalline phases. Na2MoS4 behaves as a mixed ionic–electronic conductor, with electronic conductivity of 6.1×10−4 S cm−1, that permits carbon‐free application in an electrochemical cell. A reversible capacity of up to 500 mAh g−1 was attained, corresponding to a five‐electron redox exchange, with species ranging from <Na<1MoS4> (highest oxidized state) to <Na>5MoS4> (lowest oxidized state). This study emphasizes the excellent charge‐storage performances of Na2MoS4 for Li‐ or Na‐ion batteries, and enriches the emerging library and knowledge of sulfide phases with mixed anionic and cationic redox properties.
Cellular Synthesis and X‐ray Crystal Structure of a Designed Protein Heterocatenane
Authors: Liu Yajie , Duan Zelin , Fang Jing , Zhang Fan , Xiao Junyu , Zhang Wen‐Bin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHerein, we report the biosynthesis of protein heterocatenanes using a programmed sequence of multiple post‐translational processing events including intramolecular chain entanglement, in situ backbone cleavage, and spontaneous cyclization. The approach is general, autonomous, and can obviate the need for any additional enzymes. The catenane topology was convincingly proven using a combination of SDS‐PAGE, LC‐MS, size exclusion chromatography, controlled proteolytic digestion, and protein crystallography. The X‐ray crystal structure clearly shows two mechanically interlocked protein rings with intact folded domains. It opens new avenues in the nascent field of protein‐topology engineering.
Catalytic Asymmetric Electrochemical α‐Arylation of Cyclic β‐Ketocarbonyls with Anodic Benzyne Intermediates
Authors: Li Longji , Li Yao , Fu Niankai , Zhang Long , Luo Sanzhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAsymmetric catalysis with benzyne remains elusive because of the highly fleeting and nonpolar nature of benzyne intermediates. Reported herein is an electrochemical approach for the oxidative generation of benzynes (cyclohexyne) and its successful merging with chiral primary aminocatalysis, formulating the first catalytic asymmetric enamine–benzyne (cyclohexyne) coupling reaction. Cobalt acetate was identified to stabilize the in situ generated arynes and facilitate its coupling with an enamine. This catalytic enamine‐benzyne protocol provides a concise method for the construction of diverse α‐aryl (α‐cyclohexenyl) quaternary carbon stereogenic centers with good stereoselectivities.
Hydrochromic CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals for Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Yu Xiaoya , Wu Linzhong , Yang Di , Cao Muhan , Fan Xing , Lin Haiping , Zhong Qixuan , Xu Yong , Zhang Qiao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHydrochromic materials that can reversibly change color upon water treatment have attracted much attention owing to their potential applications in diverse fields. Herein, for the first time, we report that space‐confined CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) are hydrochromic. When CsPbBr3 NCs are loaded into a porous matrix, reversible transition between luminescent CsPbBr3 and non‐luminescent CsPb2Br5 can be achieved upon the exposure/removal of water. The potential applications of hydrochromic CsPbBr3 NCs in anti‐counterfeiting are demonstrated by using CsPbBr3 NCs@mesoporous silica nanospheres (around 100 nm) as the starting material. Owing to the small particle size and negatively charged surface, the as‐prepared particles can be laser‐jet printed with high precision and high speed. We demonstrate the excellent stability over repeated transformation cycles without color fade. This new discovery may not only deepen the understanding of CsPbX3, but also open a new way to design CsPbX3 materials for new applications.
Maximization of Spatial Charge Density: An Approach to Ultrahigh Energy Density of Capacitive Charge Storage
Authors: Ma Hongyun , Chen Hongwu , Wu Mingmao , Chi Fengyao , Liu Feng , Bai Jiaxin , Cheng Huhu , Li Chun , Qu Liangti 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCapacitive energy storage has advantages of high power density, long lifespan, and good safety, but is restricted by low energy density. Inspired by the charge storage mechanism of batteries, a spatial charge density (SCD) maximization strategy is developed to compensate this shortage by densely and neatly packing ionic charges in capacitive materials. A record high SCD (ca. 550 C cm−3) was achieved by balancing the valance and size of charge‐carrier ions and matching the ion sizes with the pore structure of electrode materials, nearly five times higher than those of conventional ones (ca. 120 C cm−3). The maximization of SCD was confirmed by Monte Carlo calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and in situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy. A full‐cell supercapacitor was further constructed; it delivers an ultrahigh energy density of 165 Wh L−1 at a power density of 150 WL−1 and retains 120 Wh L−1 even at 36 kW L−1, opening a pathway towards high‐energy‐density capacitive energy storage.
Core@Satellite Janus Nanomotors with pH‐Responsive Multi‐phoretic Propulsion
Authors: Xing Yi , Zhou Mengyun , Xu Tailin , Tang Songsong , Fu Yang , Du Xin , Su Lei , Wen Yongqiang , Zhang Xueji , Ma Tianyi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report core@satellite Janus mesoporous silica‐Pt@Au (JMPA) nanomotors with pH‐responsive multi‐phoretic propulsion. The JMPA nanomotors first undergo self‐diffusiophoretic propulsion in 3.0 % H2O2 due to the isolation of the Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) from the PtNPs layer. Then the weak acidity of H2O2 can trigger the disassembly and reassembly of the AuNPs, resulting in the Janus distribution of large AuNPs aggregates. Such reconstruction of JMPA leads to the contact between PtNPs and AuNPs aggregates, thus changing the propulsion mechanism to self‐electrophoresis. The asymmetric and aggregated AuNPs also enable the generation of a thermal gradient under laser irradiation, which propels the JMPA nanomotors by self‐thermophoresis. Such multi‐phoretic propulsion offers considerable promise for developing advanced nanomachines with a stimuli‐responsive switch of propulsion modes in biomedical applications.
Environmental influences on the recruitment dynamics of juvenile European eels, Anguilla anguilla, in a small estuary of the Tyrrhenian Sea, Sardinia, Italy
Authors: Podda Cinzia , Palmas Francesco , Frau Giacomo , Chessa Giovanna , Culurgioni Jacopo , Diciotti Riccardo , Fois Nicola , Sabatini Andrea 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

The European eel, Anguilla anguilla, is a catadromous and migratory species of commercial importance. Its complex life cycle results in its exposure to many risk factors, which have resulted in stock declines across all life stages since the 1970s.
The temporal recruitment dynamics of juvenile eels (glass eels and elvers) were investigated in a small Mediterranean estuary (Sardinia, Italy). The composition of the population and the monthly and seasonal variations in the abundances of juvenile eels was assessed over 78 sampling events (from February 2017 to February 2018). Furthermore, the effects of abiotic variables on the abundances of glass eels and elvers were investigated using generalized additive models (GAMs).
Glass eels had the greatest abundance during the winter months, whereas elvers had the greatest abundance during spring. Modelling revealed that the abundance of glass eels was mostly explained by the combined effects of water temperature (12.3–14.5 °C), tidal coefficient (40–110 cm), moon phase, season, and river mouth condition, whereas the abundance of elvers was associated with water temperature (14–21 °C), dissolved oxygen content (>7 mg/L), and season. These results suggest that the annual recruitment of juvenile eels occurs throughout the year, with clear seasonal migration dynamics.
The use of multiple statistical approaches allowed us to identify the importance of several environmental variables in regulating the recruitment dynamics, providing useful information for conserving eel stocks through the restoration of the natural flow regime and the connectivity between freshwater habitats and the sea.