bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matters of Life and Death: Biographies at the Beginning of Independent Mexico, 1820s
Authors: Racine Karen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Biographies are a sort of resurrection. They reanimate a life after death to draw collective meaning from individual sacrifice and offer a model of salvation for others to follow. Although still a relatively new genre, the few full-length biographies of Mexico’s independence-era leaders that were written during the 1820s contributed significantly to the process of identifying aspirational national virtues by embodying them in the stories of individual exemplary lives. Biographies of heroes began to appear from the earliest years of Mexico’s national life, as political independence became a settled reality and attention started to turn to the daunting tasks of giving it an institutional form. In the burgeoning nineteenth century, Romantic ideals animated the actions soldiers and statesmen alike: dreams of nationhood and belonging, praise for heroic individuals who embodied the spirit of their age, a taste for tragic adventure and self-sacrifice for a greater cause. These biographies appeared at the beginning, stories of Mexicans whose exemplary lives transcended their deaths and went on to achieve immortality in print form.
Animal, Mechanical, and Me
Authors: Haddow Gill 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Organ donation and transplantation is a largely successful treatment used to replace failing organs. However, donation rates have never met the demand for transplantable organs. Biomedical researchers are exploring alternative sources from nonhuman animal donors such as pigs; improved biotechnological solutions such as total artificial hearts; and 3D printed organs developed from the recipient’s own cells. These solutions are in various stages of development, and they may or may not prove viable in terms of cost, functionality, and/or compatibility with the recipient’s body. In this chapter, I ask not about the viability of these proposed solutions, but rather, about the acceptability of the various technologies to potential recipients. Simply put: were these organ transplant alternatives to become available, would patients agree to them? Analyzing answers from focus group interviews and surveys, I use the responses to show that individuals imagine these various technologies as familiar or foreign, self or other, clean or dirty, and so on. People envisage that using different materials will certainly affect their bodies but also their subjectivities. New biotechnologies are raising questions about altering subjectivity through body modification, and the answers to these questions demonstrate ambiguity.
The Social Accuracy Model
Authors: Biesanz Jeremy C. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The social accuracy model (SAM) is a componential model of interpersonal perception that estimates perceiver, target, dyadic, and other effects for different components or elements of accuracy. For instance, Percy may be a good judge in that she is generally accurate in her perceptions of others. As well, Taylor may be a good target in that she is generally accurately perceived by others. The SAM allows one to estimate such individual differences in components related to accuracy, bias, and generalized knowledge as well as examine moderators of such components. The present chapter provides a broad overview of the SAM, its history, and how it compares to other modeling approaches, and provides a detailed discussion of how to interpret the elements of the SAM. Finally, an appendix is provided that discusses how to create variables, analyze the model, and interpret the output from a social accuracy model analysis using R.
Cross-Cultural Neuropsychology in Historical Perspective
Authors: Cory Jeffrey M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Clinical neuropsychology is cross-cultural “when there are significant cultural or language differences between the examiner, examinee, informants, tests, and/or social context” (Judd et al., 2009, p. 128). Clinical neuropsychology, therefore, has been cross-cultural from the earliest examples of cognitive and mental (IQ) testing in the early 20th century, with the translation of the Binet scales from French to English by the American psychologist H. H. Goddard and the administration of the translated battery (by non-Hispanic White psychologists, via oral interpreter) to European immigrants arriving at Ellis Island. This chapter reviews that remote history; the earliest cultural neuropsychological research by A. R. Luria and colleagues in Uzbekistan, Central Asia, in the 1930s; and the more recent decades of “modern” cross-cultural neuropsychological research and practice, from the 1990s to 2018. Unfortunately, the field has most commonly downplayed or ignored the influences of culture and language on neurocognitive testing and clinical neuropsychological assessment in favor of a quantifiable, empiricist, and “universalist” view of brain-behavior relationships. This, in turn, has been problematic for the clinical assessment of rapidly increasing populations of ethnoculturally and linguistically diverse patients. A serious paucity remains of clinical neuropsychologists who are ethnoculturally and linguistically diverse and/or who possess the cross-cultural psychometric knowledge and linguistic fluency to evaluate such patients. Although there are reasons for optimism based in recent decades of research and clinical progress, the extent to which this health care specialty will remain viable and useful to increasingly large portions of US and world populations is uncertain.
EXTRAORAL AND CBCT DENTAL EXPOSURES IN PORTUGAL
Authors: Trindade Hugo , Morais Inês , Moreira Abigail 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Data from dental extraoral and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) exposures in Portugal (2019) were gathered, and patient doses for standard adult exams were evaluated. In panoramic X-rays, 442 units (34% of the existing licensed units) were tested, with a third quartile value (PKA) of 82 mGy.cm2. For cephalometric radiography (88 units), the third quartile value (Ki) was 0.3 mGy for the posteroanterior projection and 0.2 mGy for lateral projection. In CBCT (69 units), the doses for the placement of an upper first molar implant were evaluated with a third quartile value (PKA) of 820 mGy.cm2. Due to the wide range of values (74–3687 mGy.cm2), the CBCT data were divided by FOV dimensions: for small FOV (average FOV of 7 ×8 cm), a value of 580 mGy.cm2 was obtained and for medium FOV (average FOV of 13 × 12 cm) a value of 1167 mGy.cm2. The number of annual panoramic X-rays made in Portugal was 208 per 1000 inhabitants, which is higher than the value for other countries.
DNA-BOT: a low-cost, automated DNA assembly platform for synthetic biology
Authors: Storch Marko , Haines Matthew C , Baldwin Geoff S 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMulti-part DNA assembly is the physical starting point for many projects in Synthetic and Molecular Biology. The ability to explore a genetic design space by building extensive libraries of DNA constructs is essential for creating programmed biological systems. With multiple DNA assembly methods and standards adopted in the Synthetic Biology community, automation of the DNA assembly process is now receiving serious attention. Automation will enable larger builds using less researcher time, while increasing the accessible design space. However, these benefits currently incur high costs for both equipment and consumables. Here, we address this limitation by introducing low-cost DNA assembly with BASIC on OpenTrons (DNA-BOT). For this purpose, we developed an open-source software package and demonstrated the performance of DNA-BOT by simultaneously assembling 88 constructs composed of 10 genetic parts, evaluating the promoter, ribosome binding site and gene order design space for a three-gene operon. All 88 constructs were assembled with high accuracy, at a consumables cost of $1.50–$5.50 per construct. This illustrates the efficiency, accuracy and affordability of DNA-BOT, making it accessible for most labs and democratizing automated DNA assembly.
Time of Birth and the Risk of Severe Unexpected Complications in Term Singleton Neonates
Authors: Gould Jeffrey B. , Abreo Anisha M. , Chang Shen-Chih , Main Elliott K. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE:
To assess whether there is a relationship between evening, night, and weekend births and severe unexpected neonatal morbidity in low-risk term singleton births.

METHODS:
We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional analysis. Severe unexpected neonatal morbidity as defined by the National Quality Forum specification 0716 was derived from linked birth certificate and hospital discharge summaries for 1,048,957 low-risk singleton term Californian births during 2011 through 2013. The association between the nursing shift (7 am–3 pm vs 3–11 pm and 11 pm –7 am) and weekday compared with weekend birth and the risk of severe unexpected neonatal morbidity was estimated using mixed effects logistic regression models.

RESULTS:
Severe unexpected neonatal morbidity was higher among births during the 3–11 pm evening shift (2.1%) and the 11 pm–7 am night shift (2.1%), compared with those during the 7 am–3 pm day shift (1.8%). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 1.10 (95% CI 1.06–1.13) for the evening shift and 1.15 (1.11–1.19) for the night shift. The adjusted ORs of severe unexpected neonatal morbidity were increased only on Sunday, as compared with other days (adjusted OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.14). When our analysis was by perinatal region, the increase was seen in four of the nine perinatal regions.

CONCLUSION:
After risk adjustment, the risk of severe unexpected morbidity in the low-risk singleton California birth cohort was significantly increased on Sundays and births during evening and night shifts. These elevations were detected in only four of California's nine perinatal regions. Further analysis at the individual hospital level is warranted.
Prediction Model for Vaginal Birth After Induction of Labor in Women With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Beninati Michael J. , Ramos Sebastian Z. , Danilack Valery A. , Has Phinnara , Savitz David A. , Werner Erika F. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE:
To identify characteristics associated with vaginal delivery compared with cesarean delivery after labor induction among women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and to develop and validate a prediction model to assist in clinical care.

METHODS:
We studied a retrospective cohort of women with singleton pregnancies who had hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and who underwent induction of labor at 34 weeks of gestation or more from January 1, 2002, to March 31, 2013. Exclusion criteria included spontaneous labor, prelabor cesarean delivery, and known fetal anomalies. The study cohort was randomly divided into two groups; 70% of pregnancies were used to identify characteristics associated with vaginal delivery and develop a prediction model, and 30% were used to internally validate the model. Candidate predictors were limited to those associated with cesarean delivery and were available to a practitioner at time of induction. Stepwise backward logistic regression was used to build the most parsimonious model predicting cesarean delivery. Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess goodness-of-fit. Model discrimination was evaluated using the concordance index and displayed through the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

RESULTS:
Of the 1,357 women meeting study criteria, 974 (71.8%) had a vaginal delivery. The final model consisted of eight variables: maternal age, body mass index, gestational age, intrapartum magnesium sulfate for seizure prophylaxis, need for cervical ripening, prior cesarean delivery and cervical dilation, and effacement. Model calibration and discrimination were satisfactory with Hosmer-Lemeshow test P=.35 and with a 95% CI, an AUC of 0.76 (0.73–0.79). Among those with predicted probability of cesarean delivery of 20% or less, 89.5% had a vaginal delivery. Internal validation demonstrated similar discriminatory ability.

CONCLUSION:
Using information available before labor induction, and contingent on future external validation, our model can help women better understand their likelihood of vaginal delivery success when undergoing induction of labor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography for Evaluation of Success of Tympanoplasty
Authors: Morgenstern Joseph , Schindler Martin , Kirsten Lars , Golde Jonas , Bornitz Matthias , Kemper Max , Koch Edmund , Zahnert Thomas , Neudert Marcus 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
After tympanoplasty, it is often challenging to differentiate between different causes of a remaining air bone gap (ABG). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a new approach for combined morphologic and functional measurements of the tympanic membrane and adjacent parts of the middle ear. Thus, it provides valuable diagnostic information in patients with a reduced sound transfer after middle ear surgery.

Patient and intervention:
A patient with history of tympanoplasty and a persistent ABG was investigated with endoscopic OCT before revision surgery.

Main Outcome Measures:
The oscillation behavior and the thickness of the reconstructed tympanic membrane was determined. The oscillation amplitudes of the inserted prosthesis were compared to a finite element model simulation and to the clinical findings and the audiometric data of the patient.

Results:
OCT measurements showed a reduced oscillation amplitude of the prosthesis while revealing an aerated middle ear and good coupling of the prosthesis. Transfer loss measured by OCT showed a similar progression as the ABG measured by pure-tone audiometry with a mean divergence of 4.45 dB.

Conclusion:
Endoscopic OCT is a promising tool for the evaluation of tympanoplasty outcome. It supports established otologic diagnostics and can help differentiating between different causes of conductional hearing loss.
Effects of Kinect exergames on balance training among community older adults
Authors: Yang Chi-Min , Chen Hsieh Jun (Scott) , Chen Yi-Chen , Yang Shu-Yu , Lin Hao-Chiang Koong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Recent years have witnessed wide applications of exergames to balance training among the older adults. However, research concerning balance training with the use of Kinect for Xbox has remained scarce. While previous studies have shown the positive effects of exergames on improving balance and preventing falling among the older adults, there has been a paucity of empirical evidence supporting the superiority of Kinect exercise to conventional exercise over balance training among the older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of Kinect exercise against conventional exercise over balance training among the community older adults.

Method:
A total of 20 participants were randomly assigned to the Kinect Exercise Group (N = 10) or the Conventional Exercise Group (N = 10) for a 5-week balance training (45 minutes a time, 2 times a week). Assessor blinding was employed to assess the participants’ performance before and after the treatment, including 30-Second Chair Stand Test (30-sec CST), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and One-Leg Stance Test (OLST) respectively with eyes open and closed. Subjective feeling of the intensity of pain and side effects were recorded throughout the investigation period. Nonparametric statistics was used for data analysis.

Results:
Within-group comparison between the pre-test and post-test indicated that significant differences existed in all of the 5 tests (30-sec CST, TUG, FRT, OLST with eyes open, and OLST with eyes closed) in the Kinect exercise group. To the Conventional exercise group, however, significant differences were only observed in 30-sec CST, FRT and OLST with eyes open. With regard to between-group comparison, significant differences were only found in FRT.

Conclusion:
Such results indicated that both treatments were helpful in improving the participants’ balance performance, that Kinect exercise was more effective in terms of overall balance ability, and that Kinect exercise was particularly beneficial to functional reach enhancement in comparison with traditional exercise. Kinect exercise could be a feasible, safe, and effective alternative for dynamic balance training among older adults.
Cold Debriefings after In-hospital Cardiac Arrest in an International Pediatric Resuscitation Quality Improvement Collaborative
Authors: Wolfe Heather A. , Wenger Jesse , Sutton Robert , Seshadri Roopa , Niles Dana E. , Nadkarni Vinay , Duval-Arnould Jordan , Sen Anita I. , Cheng Adam 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Clinical event debriefing functions to identify optimal and suboptimal performance to improve future performance. “Cold” debriefing (CD), or debriefing performed more than 1 day after an event, was reported to improve patient survival in a single institution. We sought to describe the frequency and content of CD across multiple pediatric centers.

Methods:
Mixed-methods, a retrospective review of prospectively collected in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) data, and a supplemental survey of 18 international institutions in the Pediatric Resuscitation Quality (pediRES-Q) collaborative. Data from 283 IHCA events reported between February 2016 and April 2018 were analyzed. We used a Plus/Delta framework to collect debriefing content and performed a qualitative analysis utilizing a modified Team Emergency Assessment Measurement Framework. Univariate and regression models were applied, accounting for clustering by site.

Results:
CD occurred in 33% (93/283) of IHCA events. Median time to debriefing was 26 days [IQR 11, 41] with a median duration of 60 minutes [20, 60]. Attendance was variable across sites (profession, number per debriefing): physicians 12 [IQR 4, 20], nurses 1 [1, 6], respiratory therapists 0 [0, 1], and administrators 1 [0, 1]. “Plus” comments reported per event were most commonly clinical standards 47% (44/93), cooperation 29% (27/93), and communication 17% (16/93). “Delta” comments were in similar categories: clinical standards 44% (41/93), cooperation 26% (24/93), and communication 14% (13/93).

Conclusions:
CDs were performed after 33% of cardiac arrests in this multicenter pediatric IHCA collaborative. The majority of plus and delta comments could be categorized as clinical standards, cooperation and communication.
Implementation of a Pharmacokinetic Model for Inhaled Anesthetics Into a Software-Based Anesthesia Workstation for LLEAP-Compatible Simulators
Authors: Casañ Miguel , García-Calatayud Rosario , Robles Daniel , Abril Cristina 
Published: July 2020

Introduction
Laerdal Learning Application (LLEAP)-compatible simulation manikins lack some specific functions that can be useful in anesthesia simulation scenarios. Our objective was to develop a software-based anesthesia workstation with a pharmacokinetic model for inhaled anesthetics for this simulation platform.

Methods
A Windows Presentation Foundation application that emulates an Aespire anesthesia workstation was created. The Gas Man simulator (Med Man Simulations) was used as a reference for the pharmacokinetic model. A concordance analysis was made between the results obtained by our model and the reference, in open and semiclosed circuit, in both 70- and 140-kg patients.

Results
The mean of the differences between the compartments was less than 0.01 vol% in all circumstances. The percentile rank P2.5 to P97.5 was less than 0.5 vol% in all compartments, except for the open circuit compartment.

Conclusions
No significant differences were found between both pharmacokinetic models. We consider that our software-based anesthesia workstation can be useful for simulating mechanical ventilation and halogenated administration in different scenarios.
A Wi-Fi live streaming Centrifuge Force Microscope for benchtop single-molecule experiments
Authors: Punnoose Jibin Abraham , Hayden Andrew , Zhou Lifeng , Halvorsen Ken 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe ability to apply controlled forces to individual molecules has been revolutionary in shaping our understanding of biophysics in areas as diverse as dynamic bond strength, biological motor operation, and DNA replication. However, the methodology to perform single-molecule experiments has been and remains relatively inaccessible due to cost and complexity. In 2010, we introduced the Centrifuge Force Microscope (CFM) as a new platform for accessible and high-throughput single-molecule experimentation. The CFM consists of a rotating microscope where prescribed centrifugal forces can be applied to microsphere-tethered biomolecules. In this work, we develop and demonstrate a next-generation Wi-Fi CFM that offers unprecedented ease of use and flexibility in design. The modular CFM unit fits within a standard benchtop centrifuge and connects by Wi-Fi to a external computer for live control and streaming at near gigabit speeds. The use of commercial wireless hardware allows for flexibility in programming and provides a streamlined upgrade path as Wi-Fi technology improves. To facilitate ease of use, detailed build and setup instructions are provided, as well as LabVIEW™ based control software and MATLAB®based analysis software. We demonstrate the analysis of force-dependent dissociation of short DNA duplexes of 7, 8, and 9 bp using the instrument. We showcase the sensitivity of the approach by resolving distinct dissociation kinetic rates for a 7 bp duplex where one G-C base pair is mutated to an A-T base pair.SignificanceThe ability to apply mechanical forces to individual molecules has provided unprecedented insight into many areas of biology. Centrifugal force provides a way to increase the throughput and to decrease the cost and complexity of single-molecule experiments compared to other approaches. In this work, we develop and demonstrate a new user-friendly Centrifuge Force Microscope (CFM) that enables live-streaming of high-throughput single-molecule experiments in a benchtop centrifuge. We achieved near gigabit bandwidth with standard Wi-Fi components, and we provide detailed design instructions and software to facilitate use by other labs. We demonstrate the instrument for sensitive kinetic measurements that are capable of resolving the difference between two DNA duplexes that differ by a single G-C to A-T substitution.