bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L-type voltage-gated calcium channel agonists mitigate hearing loss and modify ribbon synapse morphology in the zebrafish model of Usher syndrome type 1
Authors: Koleilat Alaa , Dugdale Joseph A. , Christenson Trace A. , Bellah Jeffrey L. , Lambert Aaron M. , Masino Mark A. , Ekker Stephen C. , Schimmenti Lisa A. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The mariner (myo7aa−/−) mutant is a zebrafish model for Usher syndrome type 1 (USH1). To further characterize hair cell synaptic elements in myo7aa−/− mutants, we focused on the ribbon synapse and evaluated ultrastructure, number and distribution of immunolabeled ribbons, and postsynaptic densities. By transmission electron microscopy, we determined that myo7aa−/− zebrafish have fewer glutamatergic vesicles tethered to ribbon synapses, yet maintain a comparable ribbon area. In myo7aa−/− hair cells, immunolocalization of Ctbp2 showed fewer ribbon-containing cells in total and an altered distribution of Ctbp2 puncta compared to wild-type hair cells. myo7aa−/− mutants have fewer postsynaptic densities – as assessed by MAGUK immunolabeling – compared to wild-type zebrafish. We quantified the circular swimming behavior of myo7aa−/− mutant fish and measured a greater turning angle (absolute smooth orientation). It has previously been shown that L-type voltage-gated calcium channels are necessary for ribbon localization and occurrence of postsynaptic density; thus, we hypothesized and observed that L-type voltage-gated calcium channel agonists change behavioral and synaptic phenotypes in myo7aa−/− mutants in a drug-specific manner. Our results indicate that treatment with L-type voltage-gated calcium channel agonists alter hair cell synaptic elements and improve behavioral phenotypes of myo7aa−/− mutants. Our data support that L-type voltage-gated calcium channel agonists induce morphological changes at the ribbon synapse – in both the number of tethered vesicles and regarding the distribution of Ctbp2 puncta – shift swimming behavior and improve acoustic startle response.
Ribosome-associated quality control of membrane proteins at the endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Phillips Ben P. , Miller Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Protein synthesis is an energetically costly, complex and risky process. Aberrant protein biogenesis can result in cellular toxicity and disease, with membrane-embedded proteins being particularly challenging for the cell. In order to protect the cell from consequences of defects in membrane proteins, quality control systems act to maintain protein homeostasis. The majority of these pathways act post-translationally; however, recent evidence reveals that membrane proteins are also subject to co-translational quality control during their synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This newly identified quality control pathway employs components of the cytosolic ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) machinery but differs from canonical RQC in that it responds to biogenesis state of the substrate rather than mRNA aberrations. This ER-associated RQC (ER-RQC) is sensitive to membrane protein misfolding and malfunctions in the ER insertion machinery. In this Review, we discuss the advantages of co-translational quality control of membrane proteins, as well as potential mechanisms of substrate recognition and degradation. Finally, we discuss some outstanding questions concerning future studies of ER-RQC of membrane proteins.
A Cuboidal Cu4S4 Cluster Supported by Bulky Iminothiolate Ligands: Synthesis, Solid-State Structure, and Solution Study
Authors: Ozawa Yoshiki , Iida Hiroki , Kiyooka Hidetoshi , Nobori Kazutaka , Tahara Keishiro , Ono Toshikazu , Abe Masaaki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A new tetracopper(I) complex containing a cuboidal Cu4S4 core, [Cu4(dap)4], where dap− is dibenzodiazepinethiolate(1–), has been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The monoanionic iminothiolate ligand dap− renders the cluster framework exceptionally stable to retain the tetranuclear structure in solution, which allows us to examine for the first time the solution properties of this class of clusters, including UV-vis and NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.
Pyrene-Cored Hole-Transporting Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Shao Jiang-Yang , Zhong Yu-Wu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The use of hole-transporting materials (HTMs) is crucial in achieving high photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Considering the high-cost, difficult synthesis, and/or the device stability issues of the commonly used HTMs such as spiro-OMeTAD, PTAA, and PEDOT:PSS, the development of low-cost and highly-efficient HTMs for stable PSCs has received intense attention. In this Account, we summarize the recent advances of the design and synthesis of new organic HTMs with a pyrene backbone for efficient and stable PSCs, including small molecular HTMs, electropolymerized films as dopant-free HTMs, and a pyrene-cored sulfur-rich molecule as an interfacial layer of PSCs. Among the devices with these materials, the best power conversion efficiency of over 20% has been achieved.
Good and Bad of Cu/Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Controlled by Metal Ions and Disulfide Bonds
Authors: Furukawa Yoshiaki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide. This review summarizes intracellular processes for metal binding and disulfide formation in SOD1, both of which are essential to stabilization of the protein structure as well as its enzymatic function. Also, failure of those processes as a possible cause of a neurodegenerative disease through protein misfolding will be described.
CT-guided transthoracic needle biopsy of pulmonary lesions: comparison between the cutting needle and aspiration needle
Authors: Huang Zhen-guo , Sun Hong-liang , Wang Cun-li , Gao Bao-xiang , Chen He , Yang Min-xing , Chen Xiao-liang 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
To compare CT-guided transthoracic cutting needle biopsy (TCNB) with transthoracic aspiration needle biopsy (TANB) for pulmonary lesions with respect to the diagnostic accuracy and complication rate.

Methods:
Of the 859 cases that underwent consecutive CT-guided biopsy of pulmonary lesions, 713 cases confirmed by surgical pathology or clinical follow-up were enrolled. Of these, the first consecutive 275 cases underwent TANB, and the remaining 438 received TCNB. The final diagnosis determined the accuracy of biopsy. Based on the post-biopsy CT and clinical medical records, the presence or absence of biopsy-related complications was determined. The χ2 test was used to compare the differences between TCNB and TANB in terms of diagnostic accuracy and complication rate.

Results:
Among the 713 biopsy lesions, the final diagnosis was malignant in 411 cases and benign in 302 cases. As compared to TANB, the diagnostic accuracy of TCNB (98.9% vs 93.8%, χ2 = 14.35, p &lt; 0.01), sensitivity to malignant lesions (97.8% vs 90.6%, χ2 = 10.58, p &lt; 0.01), negative predictive value (97.6% vs 84.8%, χ2 = 19.03, p &lt; 0.01), and specific diagnostic rate for benign lesions (73.4% vs 57.9%, χ2 = 7.29, p &lt; 0.01) were improved. On the other hand, a statistical difference was detected between TCNB and TANB with respect to the incidence of pneumothorax (20.6% vs 13.1%, χ2 = 6.46, p = 0.01), hemorrhage (32.2% vs 13.1%, χ2 = 33.03, p &lt; 0.01), and hemoptysis (8.2% vs 3.3%, χ2 = 6.87, p &lt; 0.01). One patient died just several minutes after TCNB due to severe hemorrhage with hemoptysis.

Conclusions:
Compared to TANB, CT-guided TCNB improves the diagnostic accuracy of pulmonary lesions, but complication rate increases significantly.

Advances in knowledge:
In general, TCNB should be recommended, especially for highly suspicious benign lesions. For patients with small lesions adjacent to vessels or vessels within the lesion, TANB should be considered.
Hepatocellular carcinoma with type II–III portal vein tumour thrombosis: treatment using transarterial chemoembolisation and microwave ablation
Authors: Zhao Wen Peng , Li Honglu , Guo Jiang , Cai Liang , Duan Youjia , Hou Xiaopu , Du Hongliu , Shao Xihong , Diao Zhenying , Li Changqing 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the use of transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) combined with microwave ablation (MWA) to treat patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and type Ⅱ–Ⅲ portal vein tumour thrombosis (PVTT) intolerant to targeted drug (TG) therapy.

Methods:
A total of 18 patients with HCC and type Ⅱ–Ⅲ PVTT intolerant to TG were enrolled between June 2015 and December 2019, who were treated with TACE + MWA (MWA group). 24 patients were treated with TACE + TG (TG group; control cohort). Time to progression and overall survival (OS) were analysed along with the incidence of adverse events.

Results:
The median follow-up time was 19.0 months (9.0–32.0 months). The median OS was 17.0 months (8.3–29.3 months; MWA group) and 13.5 months (5.5–22.5 months; TG group) and was not significantly different. The 1- and 2 year OS was also comparable (MWA group: 66.7%, 44.4% vs Target group: 41.7%, 29.2%). Time to progression showed no distinct differences (MWA group: 11.5 months; TG group: 9.0 months) between the two groups. Moreover, the incidence of major Grade 3–4 adverse events in the MWA group (5.6%) was similar to those in the TG group (8.3%).

Conclusion:
TACE + MWA and TACE + TG were comparable in their safety and efficacy in patients with HCC, type Ⅱ–Ⅲ PVTT, and intolerance to TG.

Advances in knowledge:
TACE + MWA can be used as a palliative treatment alternative for TACE + TG in patients with HCC, type Ⅱ–Ⅲ PVTT, and intolerance to TG.
Practice of Breast Self-Examination and Knowledge of Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening: A bi-national Survey in Africa
Authors: Omotoso Olabode , Matariek Ghadier , Omotoso Elizabeth , Matareek Amira , Abdul-Rafee Ghada Mahmoud , Malakar Sucheta , Chutia Nabanita 
Published: November 2020

Background: The burden of breast and cervical cancer is increasing exponentially, especially among women in low- and mid-income countries due to late diagnosis, unhealthy lifestyle choices and adoption of western lifestyles. Early detection, hinged on screening uptake is a key to higher survival rate and managing cancer outcome. Despite some improvement noticed in developed countries, the control of these preventable diseases in African countries including Nigeria and Egypt seems insurmountable. Therefore, this study focused on assessing the knowledge and uptake of Nigerians and Egyptians towards breast self-examination (BSE) and breast and cervical cancer screening.
Results: A community-based cross-sectional questionnaire was utilized in both countries to obtain 1,006 respondents via a convenient sampling method. The mean age of study participants was 30.43 6.69. About one-third of participants had a good knowledge (> 66 %) of breast cancer screening (423, 42 %), cervical cancer screening (446, 44 %) and BSE practice (363, 36 %). Age range (26 40 years), educational level (tertiary) and marital status were demographic data that influenced knowledge level. Though with a fairly satisfactory knowledge level, the screening uptake among studied population is very poor as only (111, 11 %) had ever been screened and only (22, 2.2 %) ever vaccinated. The major reasons for poor screening uptake were no awareness of where to be screened and no symptoms.
Conclusions: Assessing the knowledge and uptake level of African women through studies like this is crucial in identifying the loopholes in the fight against cancer in Africa. More efforts are required in promoting utilization of cancer screening services, HPV vaccination and BSE practice among African women. The media and internet should be leveraged on as they are the major sources of information about cancer among the respondents.
MRI-targeted prostate biopsy: the next step forward!
Authors: Cata Emanuel Darius , Andras Iulia , Telecan Teodora , Tamas-Szora Atilla , Coman Radu-Tudor , Stanca Dan-Vasile , Coman Ioan , Crisan Nicolae 
Published: November 2020

Aim. For decades, the gold standard technique for diagnosing prostate cancer was the 10 to 12 core systematic transrectal or transperineal biopsy, under ultrasound guidance. Over the past years, an increased rate of false negative results and detection of clinically insignificant prostate cancer has been noted, resulting into overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the changes in diagnosis and management of prostate cancer brought by MRI-targeted prostate biopsy.
Methods. A critical review of literature was carried out using the Medline database through a PubMed search, 37 studies meeting the inclusion criteria: prospective studies published in the past 8 years with at least 100 patients per study, which used multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging as guidance for targeted biopsies.
Results. In-Bore MRI targeted biopsy and Fusion targeted biopsy outperform standard systematic biopsy both in terms of overall and clinically significant prostate cancer detection, and ensure a lower detection rate of insignificant prostate cancer, with fewer cores needed. In-Bore MRI targeted biopsy performs better than Fusion biopsy especially in cases of apical lesions.
Conclusion. Targeted biopsy is an emerging and developing technique which offers the needed improvements in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer and lowers the incidence of insignificant ones, providing a more accurate selection of the patients for active surveillance and focal therapies.
iKomp i VGS
Authors: Figenschou Lars 
Published: November 2020

Informasjonskompetanse (IK) er blitt kjernen i all ansvarlig fagutøvelse, og grunnmuren for alle typer akademisk arbeid. IK er også en meget viktig komponent med hensyn til effektiv jobbutførelse, et aktivt borgerskap og livslang læring (se Cameron, Wise & Lottridge, 2007). Det er liten tvil om at dagens globale informasjonsvirkelighet er blitt krevende å håndtere for de fleste av oss. Vår observasjon som UB-ansatte, er at alt for mange i dagens heterogene studentmasse sliter med IK-relaterte problemstillinger, og særlig i overgangen mellom videregående skole og høyere utdanning.
Det er en utfordring å identifisere nye studenters digitale kunnskaper og deres evne til å anvende disse best mulig i utdanningssituasjonen. Problemet er ikke studentenes informasjons-inkompetanse, men at deres digitale ferdigheter matcher dårlig med krav og forventninger som de møter i høyere utdanning. Studentene er for eksempel flinke med hensyn til ulike kommunikasjons-applikasjoner, men altfor få har en bevissthet rundt det å utvikle sine kunnskaper med overordnete mål og idealer i mente. Sluttproduktet for de studentene som sliter er det liten tvil om: mangel på læring, en følelse av å mislykkes og ikke minst følgeskadene derav. For å gjøre noe med disse problemstillingene har vi laget en mooc (iKomp i VGS), som skal gi elevene i videregående skole en bedre tilpasset arbeidspraksis i forhold til motivasjon, planlegging, informasjonskompetanse og læring. Kurset består av 5 moduler. Dette vil forhåpentligvis gjøre elevene langt bedre rustet i møtet med høyere utdanning, og vi håper at det vil heve motivasjonen og læringseffekten hos mange i videregående skole. Dette vil på lengre sikt gjøre at færre ferske studenter vil slite med problemstillingene relatert til manglende IK.
Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom UB Tromsø (UBT), Nasjonalbiblioteket og Fylkesbiblioteket i Troms. Prosjektgruppa ved UBT, samt tre lærere fra ulike videregående skoler, har i hovedsak stått for innholdet i kurset. Vi holder nå på med beta-testing og tar sikte på lansering høsten 2019. I mellomtiden får vi konkrete tilbakemeldinger på både struktur og innhold som vil skape grunnlag for en revisjon av beta-versjonen. Underveis i prosjektet har vi besøkt og samarbeidet med flere videregående skoler, og i tillegg hatt en god kommunikasjon med skoleeiere og fylkesbiblioteket. Vi mener at samarbeid som dette er en riktig vei å gå for bedre å «tilpasse kartet til terrenget». UB`er vil i fremtiden være helt avhengige av å kunne utvikle, og tilby tjenester som er spesialtilpasset bestemte målgrupper (f.eks. ferske studenter).
PhD on Track og åpen publisering
Authors: Faber Hege Charlotte , Låg Torstein 
Published: November 2020

PhD on Track er en åpen, fritt tilgjengelig nettressurs beregnet på stipendiater og yngre forskere. I de to siste årene (2017-2018) er ressursen endret fra et dansk-norsk samarbeid til et samarbeid mellom flere norske institusjoner. Ressursen har gjennomgått omfattende revidering og nyskriving, og i tillegg til to deler som fokuserer på akademisk skriving og søk etter litteratur, samt publisering og deling, er en helt ny del dedikert til åpen vitenskap (Open Science - https://www.phdontrack.net/open-science/). Å dedikere en egen seksjon av PhD on Track til åpen vitenskap gjenspeiler et uttalt ønske om at flest mulig skal ha tilgang til forskningsresultater innenfor ulike fagfelt, spesielt når forskningen er finansiert ved offentlige midler.
I den senere tiden har vi fått nye nasjonale og internasjonale retningslinjer for åpen publisering av vitenskapelige artikler, og for tilgjengeliggjøring av forskningsdata. Åpen vitenskap og åpen publisering får et stadig økende fokus, nå sist i forbindelse med Plan S. Det er ikke lett for nye stipendiater eller yngre forskere å finne frem i jungelen av retningslinjer og krav fra egen institusjon, eller fra ulike finansiører nasjonalt og internasjonalt.
I Open Science-delen av PhD on Track er intensjonen at man skal kunne finne svar på det man måtte lure på når det gjelder åpen publisering og deling av resultater: Åpen publisering generelt, gull og grønn åpen publisering, publiseringsstøtte og publiseringsfond, hva kan legges i åpne online arkiver, CC-lisenser, forskningsdata og datahåndteringsplaner, hvordan man bør forholde seg til sensitive data, om man bør tenke på preregistrering av prosjektet sitt, og mye mer – bl.a. litt om forskningsetikk, en diskusjon om bibliometri samt en oppdatert del om bruk av tredjepartsmateriale som bilder og figurer.
Vårt innlegg kommer til å fokusere mest på den nye delen om åpen vitenskap, med spesiell vekt på publisering. Hva gjør du når du som uerfaren forsker skal publisere artikler? Finner du det du trenger å vite på PhD on Track-sidene?
Debatt om røvertidsskrift
Authors: Sauvage Eva , Olsen Siv 
Published: November 2020

Predatory journals –a debate
Introduction: The Norwegian newspaper Aftenposten revealed extensive problems with predatory publishing in an article that led to headlines in Norwegian news media in August 2018. Many were concerned about how the rise of open access journals had led to the growth of publishers with uncertain peer review processes, and worried about the consequences this may have for the public trust in science. A few weeks later, the Norwegian government joined the European Coalition S, which aims to mandate researchers who receive grants from the Research Council to publish in gold open access journals.
Method: Qualitative content analysis
Results: Researchers are deeply concerned about public trust in science. The debate displayed a clearly either pro and con opinions towards open access publishing, and researchers are especially concerned about the peer review process. Some actors believe there is a strong connection between open access and predatory journals. Other actors blame the international competition and pressure to publish as a cause for the rise of predatory publishing. Some actors applaud the radical transformation of scientific publishing and of the peer review process, while others fear this development.
Discussion: We discuss how this may affect research support at university libraries. Coalition S faced great opposition among the majority of Norwegian researchers, while the librarians who participated in the debate were in unison positive. The challenges of predatory publishers may intensify in the years to come with the introduction of Coalition S and a radical reorganization of scientific publishing.
Conclusion: The debate shows that there is a clear need for a "white list" of peer-reviewed and quality-assured publishing channels, where the Nordic list is a good start. Librarians have special expertise on metadata formats and knowledge about information literacy that can help researchers with quality assessment.
De la interjección a la adivinanza. La producción científica de Ramón Almela Pérez
Authors: Manso Flores Ana Alicia 
Published: November 2020

En el presente artículo se propone un resumen de la investigación hecha por el profesor Ramón Almela Pérez. Sus más de cuarenta años al servicio de la ciencia han contribuido al avance de algunos campos dentro de la Filología Española; prueba de ello es el trabajo dedicado a la interjección, hoy incluido en manuales de referencia. Con motivo de la publicación en 2017 del volumen sobre la teoría e historia de las adivinanzas, se ha considerado oportuno realizar un recorrido bibliográfico sobre sus aportaciones a la disciplina. Para lograr este objetivo, se han concentrado en un epígrafe los temas, conceptos y contenidos tratados por el autor. También se presenta más detalladamente su último libro y se establecen las relaciones de este con su trayectoria científica. Al mismo tiempo, son expuestos los rasgos característicos de toda su obra: coherencia, cohesión, innovación y didactismo.
https://doi.org/10.17398/2660-7301.41.203
Accuracy of ultrasonography and color Doppler in diagnosis of ovarian masses and its correlation with histopathological findings
Authors: Ghazal Kariman , Hasan Jihad El , Hijasi Hanine , Koulaima Ev 
Published: November 2020

Background: Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed in advanced stages due to the absence of specific symptoms. Yet, there are no reliable screening tests for ovarian malignancies. However, improvements in imaging techniques such as ultrasonography and color Doppler increased the probability of early detection. The purpose of this study was to compare between the ultrasonographic and color Doppler findings of ovarian masses with their histopathological diagnosis.Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients between January 2017 and January 2020 diagnosed to have an ovarian mass. The eligible patients were subsequently divided into 2 groups: group A included patients who had abdominal and vaginal ultrasound in order to assess the morphology of the ovarian neoformation, and group B included patients whose ovarian masses were evaluated by color Doppler in addition to transabdominal ultrasound in order to identify their vascularization as well as their morphology.Results: A total of 74 patients were included in the study with 42 patients in group A and 32 patients in group B. Of the 42 adnexal masses studied in group A, 8 (19.0%) were malignant, 33 (78.6%) were benign and 1 (2.4%) was borderline. Ultrasound had a sensitivity of 89.0%, a specificity of 100.0%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100.0%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.0% and accuracy of 97.0%. On the other hand, of the 32 masses examined in Group B, 7 (21.9%) were malignant, 23 (71.9%) were benign and 2 (6.3%) were borderline. Color doppler had a sensitivity of 55.6%, a specificity of 95.5%, a PPV of 83.0%, a NPV of 84.0% and accuracy of 84.0%. When using color Doppler in addition to morphology score, the sensitivity was 100.0%, specificity 95.5%, PPV 90.0%, NPV 100.0% and accuracy 96.6%.Conclusions: Ultrasound combined to color Doppler improves the diagnosis of ovarian tumors with accurately detecting malignant from benign ones