bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hastanemizde Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Tütün Kullanma Durumları
Authors: ÇİLEKAR Şule , DUMANLI Ahmet , ÖZ Gürhan , GUNAY Ersin 
Published: November 2019

GİRİŞ: Günümüzde birçok tütün çeşidi kullanılmaktadır. Tütün kullanma oranı gençler arasında yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bizde üniversitemizde sağlık alanı ile ilgili olan ve topluma göre sağlık alanında daha bilinçli olan tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde tütün kullanma oranını ve etkileyici faktörleri belirlemeyi amaçladık. YÖNTEM: 516 kişiden oluşan tüm tıp fakültesi öğrencilerine, sessiz ortamda,16 sorudan oluşan anket uygulandı. Anket tütün bağımlılığını ve bağımlılık derecelerini ölçecek düzeydeydi. BULGULAR: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21'di (min 18, max 33). Öğrencilerin 281'i (%54.5) kadındı.141'i (%27.3) özel yurtta, 117'si (%21.3) devlet yurdunda, 146'sı (%28.3) öğrenci evinde, 107'si (%20.7) ailesi ile kaldığını belirtmişti. Öğrencilerin 446'sı çekirdek aileye sahipti. 500'ünün ekonomik durumu orta düzeydeydi. Öğrencilerin 88'i (%17.1) sigara bağımlısı olduğunu belirtti. 11'i (%2.1) sigarayı bıraktığını ve 265'i (%51.4) hiç denemediğini belirtti. Öğrencilerin 52'si nargile, 3'ü elektronik sigara kullandığını belirtti. Tütün ürünleri kullanan toplam 128 öğrenci vardı ve bunların 103' ü (%80) tütün ürününü bırakmak istediğini belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin 83'ü (%67) kullandığı tütün ürününü bırakmayı denediğini belirtmiştir. Öğrencilerin sadece 7' si (%1.4) tütün ürününü bırakmak için sağlık çalışanı yardımı aldığını belirtmiştir ve sadece 10'u (%1.9) sağlık çalışanı yardımını şu anda istediğini belirten cevabı işaretleyerek iletişim adresi bırakmıştır. SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda öğrencilerin sigara içme oranı birçok literatüre göre daha düşük orandaydı. Toplumda birer rol model olmaya aday tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin özellikle bu konuda bilinçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
A leitura por vir: travessias rizomáticas do texto-leitor
Authors: Costa Gilcilene Dias da , Campos Jessé Pinto 
Published: November 2019

Resumo: A leitura e o por vir. Uma desterritorialização de sentidos usuais do texto-leitor. Um mergulho nos labirintos sensoriais da leitura. Leituras rizomáticas que se deslocam com Deleuze e Guattari, Blanchot, Nietzsche, Duras, Skliar, entre outras melodias. Uma poética por vir da literatura que se avizinha aos abismos da transfiguração e da imaginação criadora. Um rizoma tecido nos interstícios da filosofia-literatura-educação, em vertigens de fruição estética e deleite inquietante da palavra literária. O texto-andarilho caminha na direção informe de uma poética da leitura por vir enquanto multiplicidades de sentidos produzidas no limiar do texto-leitor, eu-outro, silêncio-palavra, pensar-existir-criar potências outras na educação. Palavras-chave: Leitura por vir. Travessias rizomáticas. Poética da leitura.
Do Projeto de Lei 8.035/2010 à Lei 13.005/2014: a inviabilização da temática gênero
Authors: Ramalho Carla Chagas , Vieira José Jairo 
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo investigamos a construção do Plano Nacional de Educação 2014-2024, mostrando as diferentes formas de tratar a temática sobre gênero na estruturação deste documento. Após a delimitação teórica (escolarização; políticas públicas educacionais; gênero), analisamos os documentos: Projeto de Lei 8.035/2010; Lei 13.005/2014; e documento suplementar desta Lei. Pudemos constatar que no Projeto de Lei já havia carências descritivas sobre as questões de gênero, o que foi acentuado na Lei. Concluímos que há a necessidade de mais pesquisas relacionadas às políticas educacionais direcionadas ao gênero para embasar, cada vez mais, a compreensão acerca do assunto, procurando atenuar as violências que o receio do desconhecido pode vir a trazer. Palavras chaves: Plano Nacional de Educação; Gênero; Escola.
A Strong Seismic Reflector within the Mantle Wedge above the Ryukyu Subduction of Northern Taiwan
Authors: Lin Cheng‐Horng , Shih Min‐Hung , Lai Ya‐Chuan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMajor structures within the mantle wedge are often revealed from seismic velocity anomalies, such as low‐velocity zones at magma reservoirs, partial melting regions, or the upwelling asthenosphere. However, no significant seismic boundaries have been reported in the shallow mantle wedge beneath volcanic arcs. Here, we present evidence for a strong seismic reflector dipping in the opposite direction of the subducting slab in the mantle wedge beneath northern Taiwan in the western end of the Ryukyu subduction system. We find that two unambiguous P waves generated by a deep earthquake (ML 5.1) at a depth of 132.5 km were clearly recorded by the dense seismic array (Formosa Array), composed of 140 broadband seismic stations with a station spacing of approximately 5 km in northern Taiwan. Forward modeling using both raytracing and travel times shows that a seismic reflector exists beneath the Tatun volcano group (TVG) around depths of 80–110 km. The reflector dips in the opposite direction of the subducting slab and is unlikely to be associated with mantle wedge corner flow. Instead, it probably belonged to parts of possible structures such as the asthenospheric flow, the mantle diapir, or other undiscovered structures above the subducting slab. No matter what the seismic boundary is exactly, it might be associated with the active volcanism in the TVG. The detailed geometry and mechanism of the seismic boundary in the mantle wedge will be obtained as the Formosa Array collects more seismic data in the near future.
CSN-LAUSD Network: A Dense Accelerometer Network in Los Angeles Schools
Authors: Clayton Robert W. , Kohler Monica , Guy Richard , Bunn Julian , Heaton Thomas , Chandy Mani 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Community Seismic Network-Los Angeles Unified School District is a network of 300 low-cost microelectromechanical systems accelerometers located in schools in the Los Angeles, California, region. They are capable of accurately recording strong motion up to ±2g and are sufficiently spatially dense that they provide unaliased measurements of strong motions up to 1 Hz following a major earthquake. They are used to provide state-of-health monitoring for the schools and surrounding communities to guide the emergency response. As a research tool, they can be used to provide estimates of the site response at the schools and, therefore, provide a much denser set of site responses for ground-motion prediction than is currently available.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN SMASH KEDENG MENGGUNAKAN METODE DRILL BERVARIASI BAGI PESERTA EKSTRAKURIKULER SEPAKTAKRAW DI SMPN 6 MALANG
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Surendra Mulyani , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto 
Published: November 2019

Abstract: This research aims to improve the basic kedeng smash technique skills of sepaktakraw using drill methods varied. This research is a sports action research with a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. The subjects of this research are 20 sepaktakraw extracurricular participants at SMPN 6 Malang. The results of this research are based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that after the action of cycle 1, cycle 2 and cycle 3, the results of each indicator have increased 90% from prefix indicator, 85% footstool, 85% body position and view of ball, 90% hand position, 87.5% ankle position, and 82.5% kick result. The conclusions of this research are varied drill methods can improve the basic kedeng smash technique skills on sepaktakraw extracurricular participants at SMPN 6 Malang.Keywords: Drill method, the basic technique of sepaktakraw, extracurricular. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknik dasar smash kedeng sepaktakraw menggunakan metode drill bervariasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan olahraga dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 20 peserta ekstrakurikuler sepaktakraw di SMPN 6 Malang. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa setelah diberikan tindakan dari siklus 1, siklus 2 dan siklus 3, hasil pada tiap-tiap indikator sudah terjadi peningkatan dari indikator awalan 90%, tumpuan kaki 85%, posisi badan dan pandangan bola 85%, posisi tangan 90%, posisi engkel 87,5%, dan hasil sepakan 82,5%.Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah metode drill bervariasi dapat meningkatkan keterampilan teknik dasar smash kedeng pada peserta ekstrakurikuler sepaktakraw di SMPN 6 Malang. Kata Kunci: Metode Drill, teknik dasar sepaktakraw, ektrakurikuler.
The Effect of Gas Circulation on the High-Pressure Synthesis of Long-Chain С35+ Hydrocarbons from CO and H2
Authors: Yakovenko R. E. , Zubkov I. N. , Narochnyi G. B. , Savostyanov A. P. 
Published: November 2019

The effect of gas recirculation on the production of long-chain C35+ hydrocarbons over supported Co-Al2O3/SiO2 catalyst at a pressure of 6.0 MPa, temperature 225 °C and gas hourly space velocity 1000 h–1 was studied. It was shown that the circulation mode provides isothermicity of the catalyst bed and increases the selectivity to C35+ hydrocarbons and their output. The study revealed that the catalyst deactivation rate decreases by a factor of 8 when the circulation ratio is raised from 2.2 to 6; therewith, the content of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the synthesis products increases twofold.
Biofloc technology on the intensive aquaculture of bronze corydoras ornamental fish Corydoras aeneus with different stocking densities
Authors: Diatin Iis , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Budiardi Tatag , Harris Enang , Widanarni Widanarni 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Ornamental fish is non consumption fish which is an important source of Indonesian foreign exchange. The objective of this study is to analyze the productivity of bronze corydoras Corydoras aeneus ornamental fish through increased stocking density with biofloc technology. The average weight of the experimental corydoras was 0.61 ‒0.72 g with 2.32‒2.40 cm standard length. This study used a randomized design method with biofloc technology treatment in 3000, 4500, and 6000 fish/m2 stocking densities. The results showed that the daily length and weight-growth rate among treatments were not significantly different (P>0.05), while survival rate and the number of fish production on all treatments were significantly different (P<0.05). The water quality during the rearing period, such as temperature, pH, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate, were in a tolerable range for corydoras culture. The total suspended solids tended to be higher due to higher stocking density. The best productivity using biofloc technology obtained from 6000 fish/m2 stocking density. Keywords: Biofloc technology, Corydoras aeneus, growth rate, stocking density, survival rate. ABSTRAK Ikan hias merupakan produk perikanan non konsumsi yang menjadi sumber devisa Indonesia yang cukup penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis produktivitas ikan hias koridoras melalui peningkatan padat tebar dengan teknologi bioflok. Ikan yang digunakan adalah ikan hias koridoras (Corydoras aeneus) berbobot 0,61‒0,72 g dan panjang baku 2,32‒2,40 cm. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan perlakuan teknologi bioflok pada padat tebar 3000, 4500, dan 6000 ekor/m2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pertumbuhan harian panjang dan bobot antar perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05), sedangkan kelangsungan hidup dan jumlah produksi ikan pada semua perlakuan berbeda nyata (P<0,05). Nilai kualitas air selama pemeliharaan yakni suhu, pH, alkalinitas, amonia, nitrit, dan nitrat yang berada pada kisaran yang cukup baik untuk budidaya ikan. Total padatan tersuspensi cenderung tinggi akibat dari semakin tinggi padat tebar. Produktivitas terbaik pada budidaya ikan koridoras dengan teknologi bioflok adalah pada padat tebar 6000 ekor/m2. Kata kunci: Corydoras aeneus, kelangsungan hidup, padat tebar, pertumbuhan, teknologi bioflok
Comparison of Treatment Outcomes of Arthrodesis and Two Generations of Ankle Replacement Implants
Authors: Benich Marisa R. , Ledoux William R. , Orendurff Michael S. , Shofer Jane B. , Hansen Sigvard T. , Davitt James , Anderson John G. , Bohay Donald , Coetzee J. Chris , Maskill John , Brage Michael , Houghton Michael , Sangeorzan Bruce J. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
We analyzed self-reported outcomes in a prospective cohort of patients treated with ankle arthrodesis or total ankle replacement (TAR) during a time of transition from older to newer-generation TAR implants.

Methods:
We performed a prospective cohort study comparing outcomes in 273 consecutive patients treated for ankle arthritis with arthrodesis or TAR between 2005 and 2011. Adult patients with end-stage ankle arthritis who were able to walk and willing and able to respond to surveys were included in the study. Patients were excluded when they had another lower-limb problem that might affect walking. At baseline and at 6, 12, 24, and 36-month follow-up visits, participants completed a pain score, a Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (MFA), and a Short Form-36 (SF-36) survey.

Results:
There was significant mean improvement in most outcomes after surgery regardless of procedure. In general, the greatest improvement occurred during the first 6 months of follow-up. Linear mixed-effects regression adjusted for differences at baseline in age, body mass index (BMI), and surgery type showed that at 6 months the scores were improved by a mean (and standard error) of 12.6 ± 0.7 (33%) on the MFA, 22.0 ± 1.4 (56%) on the SF-36 Physical Functioning (PF) scale, 32.4 ± 1.6 (93%) on the SF-36 Bodily Pain (BP) scale, and 4.0 ± 0.2 (63%) on the pain rating scale. The mean improvements in the MFA and SF-36 PF scores over the 3-year follow-up period were significantly better after the TARs than after the arthrodeses, with differences between the 2 groups of 3.6 ± 1.6 (p = 0.023) and 7.5 ± 2.9 (p = 0.0098), respectively. The differences between the 2 groups were slightly greater when only the newer TAR devices were compared with the arthrodeses (MFA = 3.8 ± 1.8 [p = 0.031], SF-36 PF = 8.8 ± 3.3 [p = 0.0074], SF-36 BP = 7.3 ± 3.6 [p = 0.045], and pain score = 0.8 ± 0.4 [p = 0.038]).

Conclusions:
Patients reported improved comfort and function after both surgical treatments. The average improvement in the MFA and SF-36 PF scores was better after TAR than after arthrodesis, particularly when the TAR had been done with later-generation implants. Younger patients had greater functional improvements than older patients.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Leading the Way to Solutions to the Opioid Epidemic
Authors: Seymour Rachel B. , Ring David , Higgins Thomas , Hsu Joseph R. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
In the past 2 decades, overdoses and deaths from prescription opioids have reached epidemic proportions in the United States. The widespread use of opioids complicates management of the orthopaedic surgery patient in the acute and chronic settings. Orthopaedic surgeons are some of the top prescribers of opioids in the complex setting of chronic use, abuse, and diversion.

Methods:
The literature regarding the basic science of pharmacologic options for pain management (e.g., opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), the impact of strategies on bone and soft-tissue healing, and pain relief are summarized as they relate to the management of orthopaedic injuries and conditions. Additionally, a section on designing solutions to address the current opioid crisis is presented.

Results:
The mechanism of action of different classes of analgesic medications is discussed, as well as the basic scientific evidence regarding the impact of narcotic and nonnarcotic analgesic medications on bone-healing and on other organ systems. Differences between pain and nociception, various treatment strategies, and clinical comparisons of the effectiveness of various analgesics compared with opioids are summarized. Finally, options for addressing the opioid crisis, including the description of a large system-wide intervention to impact prescriber behavior at the point of care using health-information solutions, are presented.

Conclusions:
Orthopaedic leaders, armed with information and strategies, can help lead the way to solutions to the opioid epidemic in their respective communities, institutions, and subspecialty societies. Through leadership and education, orthopaedic surgeons can help shape the solution for this critical public health issue.
An Experimental Study of Emulsion Flow in Alkaline/Solvent Coinjection with Steam for Heavy-Oil/Bitumen Recovery
Authors: Sheng Kai , Argüelles-Vivas Francisco J. , Baek Kwang Hoon , Okuno Ryosuke 
Published: November 2019

SummaryWater is the dominant component in steam-injection processes, such as steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD). The central hypothesis in this research is that in-situ oil transport can be enhanced by generating oil-in-water emulsion, where the water-continuous phase acts as an effective oil carrier. As part of the research project, this paper presents an experimental study of how oil-in-water emulsion can improve oil transport in porous media at elevated temperatures.Diethylamine (DEA) was selected as the organic alkali that generates oil-in-water emulsions with Athabasca bitumen at a 1,000-ppm NaCl brine and a 0.5-wt% alkali concentration. This aqueous composition had been confirmed to be an optimum in terms of oil content in the water-external emulsion phase at a wide range of temperatures. Then, flow experiments with a glass-bead pack were conducted to measure the effective viscosities of emulsion samples at shear rates from 5 to 29 seconds−1 at 35 bar and temperatures from 373 to 443 K.Results show that the oil-in-water emulsions were more than 15 times less viscous than the original bitumen at temperatures from 373 to 443 K. At the shear rate of 5 seconds−1, for example, the emulsion viscosity was 12 cp at 373 K, at which the bitumen viscosity was 206 cp. The efficiency of in-situ bitumen transport was evaluated by calculating the bitumen molar flow rate under gravity drainage with the new experimental data. Results show that oil-in-water emulsion can enhance the in-situ molar flow of bitumen by a factor of 273 at 403 K and 345 at 373 K, in comparison with the two-phase flow of oil and water in conventional SAGD. At 443 K, only a fraction of bitumen is emulsified in water, but the bitumen transport by both oil-in-water emulsion and an excess oil phase in DEA-SAGD can enhance the molar flow of bitumen by a factor of 19 in comparison to SAGD. This is mainly because the mobility of the bitumen-containing phase is enhanced by the reduced viscosity and increased effective permeability. A marked difference between alkaline solvents and conventional hydrocarbon solvents is that only a small amount of an alkaline solvent enables enhancing the in-situ transport of bitumen.
Uncovering the gene machinery of the Amazon River microbiome to degrade rainforest organic matter
Authors: Júnior Célio Dias Santos , Sarmento Hugo , Miranda Fernando Pellon de , Henrique-Silva Flávio , Logares Ramiro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The Amazon River is one of the largest in the world and receives huge amounts of terrestrial organic matter (TeOM) from the surrounding rainforest. Despite this TeOM is typically recalcitrant (i.e. resistant to degradation), only a small fraction of it reaches the ocean, pointing to a substantial TeOM degradation by the river microbiome. Yet, microbial genes involved in TeOM degradation in the Amazon River were barely known. Here, we examined the Amazon River microbiome by analyzing 106 metagenomes from 30 stations distributed along the river. Results: We constructed the Amazon River basin Microbial non-redundant Gene Catalogue (AMnrGC) that includes ~3.7 million non-redundant genes, affiliating mostly to bacteria. We found that the Amazon River microbiome contains a substantial gene-novelty compared to other relevant sampled environments (rivers and rainforest soil). Analyses of TeOM-degradation genes revealed that lignin degradation pathways correlated to tricarboxylates and hemicellulose processing, pointing to a higher lignin degradation coupled to the consumption of labile compounds. We propose a model on how the degradation of recalcitrant TeOM modulated by labile compounds (i.e. priming effect) may operate in the Amazon River waters. Conclusions: Our work contributes to expand significantly our comprehension of the world’s largest river microbiome and its role in TeOM degradation. Furthermore, the AMnrGC represents an important resource for future works exploring the links between TeOM and its degradation by aquatic microbiotas in tropical ecosystems.
Estimating the Risks and Benefits of Tamoxifen Chemoprevention for Breast Cancer in Brazil
Authors: Roque Thais , Maesaka Jonathan Yugo , Filassi José Roberto , Baracat Edmund Chada 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
According to the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP-P1), tamoxifen can prevent 49% of invasive breast cancers in patients who have a five-year risk of 1.67% or more. Because tamoxifen is associated with side effects (endometrial cancer and stroke), it is necessary to weight the risks and benefits of using tamoxifen for prevention of breast cancer. The aim of this paper is to calculate a risk-benefit index based on the Brazilian population to assess the feasibility of Tamoxifen as a chemopreventive agent.

Results
Results showed that with increasing age, the greater the five-year risk of breast cancer would have to be for a positive risk-benefit index. This shows that more risk exists in older women with the use of tamoxifen, precisely because of the values ​​of incidence and mortality of the assessed diseases that increase with age in the population.

Conclusion
This study presents a methodology to determine the benefits and risks associated with chemoprevention with tamoxifen in the Brazilian population.

Keywords: Breast Neoplasms, Tamoxifen, Chemoprevention
The evaluation of antiretroviral treatment in HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected persons in Beijing, China, 2010-2018: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Peicheng , Guo Bingbing , Xu Junfang , Wang Jason K , Lu Hongyan , Zhao Xiao , Wang Qianyun , Gao Liangmin , Jing Jun , Cheng Feng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is limited long-term data on the effect of ART on clinical outcomes in HIV/HBV patients in China. The objective of this study was to understand the ART treatment effect and the factors associated with the loss to follow-up or death of HIV/HBV co-infected patients in the city of Beijing, China. Methods: This study examined clinical indicators for HIV mono-infected or HIV/HBV co-infected patients from Jan. 2010 to Sep. 2018. Included patients were followed for a mean duration of 34.5 months after ART. Covariance analysis for repeated measures was used to analyze the changes of clinical indicators; multivariate logistic regression and Cox model were used to analyze the influencing factors of the abnormal incidence of clinical indicators and the lost to follow-up or death in HIV patients. Results: A total of 841 HIV/HBV co-infected patients and 2000 HIV patients were analyzed. Adherence was estimated to be 93% in all patients. At baseline, ALT, AST, OIs and APRI≥0.5 in HIV/HBV patients were higher, while the CD4 and CD4/CD8 ratio were lower. After ART treatment, the rate of APRI≥0.5 (4.4%) were still higher in HIV/HBV patients and HBV co-infection affect the prevalence of APRI≥0.5 (OR=2.745, 95% CI 1.041-7.243). The variables related to LTFU or death in HIV patients were initial CD4 (HR=0.784, 95% CI 0.652-0.943), APRI≥0.5 (HR=4.647, 95% CI 1.331-16.227), OIs (HR=4.910, 95% CI 2.352-10.247) and age (HR=1.336, 95% CI 1.004-1.778). HBV coinfection was not associated with increased LTFU or overall mortality in HIV patients (p>0.05). Conclusion: With good ART treatment and adherence rate, the clinical indicators were improved significantly in HIV/HBV co-infected patients. However, the incidence of hepatic fibrosis was higher in these patients.