bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prognostic Factors in Patients With Sepsis After Operation of Gastrointestinal Tumors
Authors: Chen Ren-Xiong , Wu Zhou-Qiao , Li Zi-Yu , Wang Hong-Zhi , Ji Jia-Fu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe studied the clinical profiles and the prognostic factors in patients with sepsis after thegastrointestinal tumor surgery in ICU.MethodsWe retrospectively screened patients who underwent the gastrointestinal tumor surgery at the Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. Among them, 181 patients who were diagnosed with sepsis in ICU were enrolled in our study. Cox regression was performed for multivariate adjusted factor analyses.ResultsThe 90-day all-cause mortality rate was 11.1% in our study. The univariate analysis showed that BMI, shock within 48 h after entering ICU, number of blood leukocytes, the ratio of lymphocytes to neutrophils, INR, creatinine, procalcitonin, lactic acid, oxygenation index, SOFA score within 24 h after entering ICU, APACHE II score within 24 h after entering ICU were statistically significant. In multiple analysis, we found that BMI༞20 kg/m2 was a protective factor, while lactic acid༞3 mmol/L after entering the ICU and APACHE II score༞20 within 24 h after entering ICU were independent risk factors on the prognosis of sepsis after the gastrointestinal tumor surgery in ICU.ConclusionThe 90-day all-cause mortality rate was 11.1% in our study. BMI>20 kg/m2 was a protective factor, while lactic acid>3 mmol/L after entering the ICU and APACHE II score>20 within 24 h after entering ICU were independent risk factors on the prognosis of sepsis after the gastrointestinal tumor surgery in ICU.
Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Risk of Sarcopenia and its Components
Authors: Bagheri Amir , Soltani Sanaz , Hashemi Rezvan , Heshmat Ramin , Motlagh Ahmadreza Dorosty , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite huge evidence on the link between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and several chronic conditions, limited data are available about the association of DII and sarcopenia. This study aimed to examine the relationship between inflammatory potential of the diet (as measured by DII) and sarcopenia and its components among community-dwelling elderly population.Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study was performed in 2011 among 300 elderly people (150 men and 150 women) aged ≥55 years, who were selected using cluster random sampling method. Dietary assessment was done using a pre-tested food frequency questionnaire. Energy-adjusted DII was calculated based on earlier studies. Sarcopenia and its components were determined based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia (EWGSOP) definition.Results: Mean age of study participants was 66.7 ± 7.7 y. Subjects in the highest tertile of DII were more likely to be older (P=0.02). The prevalence of sarcopenia (P=0.016) and abnormal muscle mass (P=0.041) was significantly higher among subjects in the top tertile compared with those in the bottom tertile of DII. After adjustment for potential confounders, those with the highest DII were 2.18 times (95% CI: 1.01-4.74) more likely to have sarcopenia than those with the lowest DII. With regard to components of sarcopenia, subjects in the top tertile of DII had not significantly greater odds of abnormal muscle mass (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 0.72-2.63), abnormal handgrip strength (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.49-1.89), and abnormal gait speed (OR: 1.61; 95% CI: 0.84-3.08) than those in the bottom tertile.Conclusions: In conclusion, a diet with more pro-inflammatory potential was associated with a greater odd of sarcopenia. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Effect of Improved Cookstove Intervention on Childhood Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Northwest Ethiopia: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Adane Mesafint Molla , Alene Getu Degu , Mereta Seid Tiku , Wanyonyi Kristina L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHousehold air pollution exposure is linked with over 3.5 million premature deaths every year, ranking highest among environmental risk factors globally. Children are uniquely vulnerable and sensitive to the damaging health effects of household air pollution which includes childhood acute lower respiratory infection. The use of improved cookstoves has been widely encouraged to reduce these health burdens. It is, however not clear whether it is possible to prevent household air pollution-related disease burdens with locally made improved cookstoves, and the evidence regarding the health effect of improved cookstove interventions among children still attracts wide debate. Therefore, we investigated the child health effect of improved baking stove intervention compared with the continuation of the customary open burning traditional baking stove.MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the health effect of improved baking stove intervention. A total of 100 clusters were randomly allocated to both arms at a 1:1 ratio, and intervention was delivered to all households allocated into the intervention arm. A total of four follow-up visits were carried out within one year at approximately 3-month intervals immediately after the delivery of the intervention. The intervention effect was estimated using odds ratio as a measure of effect following a Generalized Estimating Equations modeling approach among the intention-to-treat population.ResultsA total of 5508 children were enrolled in the study across 100 randomly selected clusters in both arms, among which data were obtained from a total of 5333 participants for at least one follow-up visit which establishes the intention-to-treat population dataset for analysis. The intervention was not found to have a statistically significant effect on the outcome with an estimated odds ratio of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89–1.02) compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method.Harms:There was no difference in the overall incidence rates of cooking-related burns between arms with an incidence rate ratio of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.53–1.21), and there were no grounds to stop the trial early for adverse events.ConclusionsWe found no evidence that an intervention comprising biomass-fuelled improved baking stove reduced the risk of childhood acute lower respiratory infection compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method. Therefore, effective cooking solutions are needed to avert the adverse health effect of household air pollution, particularly, childhood acute lower respiratory infection.Trial registration: The trial was registered on August 2, 2018 at clinical trials.gov registry database (registration identifier number: NCT03612362).
Mobilising people as assets for active ageing promotion: A multi-stakeholder perspective on peer volunteering initiatives
Authors: Stathi Afroditi , Withall Janet , Agyapong-Badu Sandra , Barrett Eva E , Kritz Marlene , Wills Debbie , Thogersen-Ntoumani Cecilie , Fox Kenneth R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSuccessful peer volunteering is central to many community-based, active ageing initiatives. This study synthesises the perspectives of a range of stakeholders involved in peer volunteering initiatives and provides recommendations as to how peer volunteers can be effectively mobilised as community assets.MethodsAn evidence synthesis of qualitative data from (a) the evaluation of ACE (Active, Connected, Engaged), a feasibility trial of a peer volunteering active ageing intervention, and (b) interviews with volunteers and managers of third sector organisations providing peer volunteering programmes. Data were analysed using directed content analysis.ResultsTen managers, 22 volunteers and 20 ACE participants were interviewed. The analysis identified six main themes, 33 higher and 22 lower order themes. Main themes were: (i) Motives, (ii) Benefits, (iii) Skills and Characteristics, (iv) Challenges, (v) Training Needs, (vi) Recruitment and Retention. Altruism, changes in life circumstances, opportunities to reconnect with the community and personal fulfilment were the main reasons for volunteering. Volunteering was described as being personally rewarding, an avenue to acquire new skills and knowledge, and an opportunity for increased social connections and physical activity. Good peer volunteers are committed, reliable, have a good sense of humour, good interpersonal skills and are able to relate to participants. When pairing volunteers with participants, shared interests and geographical proximity are important to consider. Clarity of role, level of time commitment, regular feedback, recognition of effort and strong networks for on-going support are important strategies to facilitate volunteer retention.ConclusionsThe findings of this study support the value of peer volunteering as a strategy for mobilising community assets in promoting active ageing. To ensure success and longevity, these schemes require appropriate funding and efficient administrative support.Trial registration: N/A
Process data of allogeneic ex vivo-expanded ABCB5+ mesenchymal stromal cells for human use: Off-the-shelf GMP-manufactured donor-independent ATMP
Authors: Ballikaya Seda , Sadeghi Samar , Niebergall-Roth Elke , Nimtz Laura , Frindert Jens , Norrick Alexandra , Stemler Nicole , Bauer Nicole , Rosche Yvonne , Kratzenberg Vanessa , Pieper Julia , Ficek Tina , Ganss Christoph , Esterlechner Jasmina , Kluth Mark Andreas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Human dermal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) expressing the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporter ABCB5 represent an easily accessible MSC population that, based on preclinical and first-in-human data, holds significant promise to treat a broad spectrum of conditions associated not only with skin-related but also systemic inflammatory and/or degenerative processes.Methods: We developed and validated Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant expansion and manufacturing process by which ABCB5+ MSCs derived from surgical discard skin tissues are processed to an advanced-therapy medicinal product (ATMP) for clinical use. Enrichment for ABCB5+ MSCs is achieved in a three-step process involving plastic adherence selection, expansion in a highly efficient MSC-selecting medium and immunomagnetic isolation of the ABCB5+ cells from the mixed culture.Results: Product Quality Review data covering 324 cell expansions, 728 ABCB5+ MSC isolations, 66 ABCB5+ MSC batches and 85 final drug products reveal high process robustness and reproducible, reliable quality of the manufactured cell therapy product.Conclusion: We have successfully established an expansion and manufacturing process that enables the generation of homogenous ABCB5+ MSC populations of proven biological activity manufactured as a standardized, donor-independent, highly pure and highly functional off-the-shelf available ATMP, which is currently tested in multiple clinical trials.
Proposal and psychometric validation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus-2 Fear Scale (SCoV-2-FS)
Authors: Almeida Sérgio Monteiro de , Villibor Clara Putini , Carstensen Suzana , Petterle Ricardo Rasmussen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has created an unprecedented global health, economic, and social challenges, generating fear. Fear can cause a range of physical and psychological disorders including depression, anxiety, and panic. Leading to lower social isolation and adherence to security measures, consequently increasing infection risk. The objective was to validate an 11-item unidimensional fear scale to identify and assess the severity of the fear of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted through an online survey questionnaire. The sample included the Brazilian general population, randomly recruited by social networking platforms, during the pandemic. Participants aged ≥18 were included. A self-applicable fear scale named as the SARS-CoV-2 Fear Scale (SCoV-2-FS), comprising 11 questions addressing the fear of SARS-CoV-2 infection in performing daily activities was validated. The reliability and validity of the SCoV-2-FS were psychometrically evaluated using reliability measures and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The sample comprised 1332 Brazilian participants. Results: Cronbach’s α was 0.9, indicating very good internal reliability. The results of the CFA showed that the unidimensional factor structure of the SCoV-2-FS fitted well with the data.Limitations: The sampling method could have introduced selection bias in terms of socio-demographics.Conclusion: The SCoV-2-FS is a valid and reliable tool with robust psychometric properties, useful for assessing the psychological impact of fear due to COVID-19. Clinical relevance: The development of a scale may assist in the development of measures to control mental health disorders resulting from fear during and after the pandemic.
Rectal Perforation Associated with Magnetic Resonance-Guided Radiation Therapy (MRgRT) after Peri-SpaceOAR Abscess Formation: A Case Report.
Authors: Kashihara Tairo , Inaba Koji , Komiyama Motokiyo , Nakayama Hiroki , Iijima Kotaro , Nishioka Shie , Okamoto Hiroyuki , Kikkawa Nao , Kubo Yuko , Shima Satoshi , Nakamura Satoshi , Takahashi Ayaka , Takahashi Kana , Okuma Kae , Murakami Naoya , Igaki Hiroshi , Nakayama Yuko , Fukunaga Arinobu , Matsui Yoshiyuki , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Itami Jun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background In definitive radiation therapy for prostate cancer, SpaceOAR, a hydrogel spacer, is widely used to decrease irradiated dose and toxicity of rectum. On the other hand, periprostatic abscess formation is known as a rare adverse effect of SpaceOAR. There is a lack of reports clarifying the association between aggravation of abscesses and radiation therapy, and whether SpaceOAR insertion succeeded or not. Case presentation We report a case of a 78-year-old high-risk prostate cancer patient. After SpaceOAR insertion into the correct space, he started to receive external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). He developed a fever, perineal pain and frequent urination after the completion of EBRT, and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a peri-SpaceOAR abscess. Scheduled brachytherapy was postponed, administration of antibiotics and opioid via intravenous drip was commenced, and transperineal drainage was performed. After the alleviation of the abscess, additional EBRT instead of brachytherapy was performed with MRI-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT). On the last day of the MRgRT, perineal pain reoccurred, and MRI and colonoscopy detected the rectal perforation. He received an intravenous antibiotics drip and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), and fully recovered from the rectal perforation. Conclusions Our report indicates that EBRT can lead to severe rectum complication by causing inflammation for patients with a peri-SpaceOAR abscess. Furthermore, HBOT was effective for the peri-SpaceOAR abscess and rectal perforation associated with EBRT.
Adrenal Gland Irradiation Causes Fatigue Accompanied by Reactive Changes in Cortisol Levels
Authors: Huang Yu-Ming , Chi Chih-Wen , Wu Pao-Shu , Tai Hung-Chi , Chien Ming-Nan , Chen Yu-Jen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Fatigue is a complicated syndrome associated with multiple factors. The development of fatigue after incidental radiotherapy (RT) to the adrenal gland has been observed in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adrenal RT on fatigue and related physiological impacts.Methods: Three patients with inevitable RT to the adrenal gland were enrolled. Serum levels of cortisol, aldosterone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) were measured before, during, and after RT. Fatigue was scored according to the validated fatigue severity scale, and dosimetric parameters were collected. BALB/c mice were surgically explored for the identification of the left adrenal gland. Intra-operative RT was delivered with an electron beam. The swimming endurance test was applied for endurance assessment to represent fatigue. Plasma levels of stress hormones and histopathological features were examined.Results: In the enrolled patients, serum baseline cortisol levels declined after RT. Alterations in levels of morning cortisol and aldosterone showed a similar trend to baseline cortisol, whereas ACTH levels increased, indicating possible compensatory feedback from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. In an experimental mouse model, RT to a unilateral adrenal gland decreased baseline cortisol levels and swimming endurance time. In the histopathological assessment, the irradiated adrenal glands showed characteristic RT injury features in the adrenal cortex.Conclusions: The preliminary clinical observation of fatigue development and characteristic hormone alterations indicated that the adrenal glands could be regarded as an organ at risk from RT adverse effects. This observation was supported by functional and histopathological evidence from an experimental animal model.
Retrospective Accuracy Analysis of MRI Based Lesion Size Measurement in Neuroblastic Tumors: Which Sequence Should We Choose?
Authors: Gassenmaier Sebastian , Tsiflikas Ilias , Maennlin Simon , Urla Cristian , Warmann Steven W. , Schaefer Juergen F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: MR imaging of neuroblastic tumors is widely used for assessing the effect of chemotherapy on tumor size. However, there are some concerns that MRI might falsely estimate lesion diameters due to calcification and fibrosis.Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare neuroblastic tumor size based on MRI measurements to histopathology as standard of reference.Methods: Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of a neuroblastic tumor, MR imaging within 100 days to surgery and gross total resection without fragmentation of the tumor between 2008-2019. Lesion diameters were measured by two radiologists according to RECIST 1.1 in axial plane in T2w turbo spin echo (TSE), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and in T1w pre- and postcontrast sequences. Furthermore, the largest lesion size in three-dimensions was noted. The largest diameter of histopathology measurements was used for comparison with MRI.Results: Thirty-seven patients (mean age: 5±4 years) with 38 lesions (neuroblastoma: n=17; ganglioneuroblastoma: n=11; ganglioneuroma: n=10) were included in this retrospective study. There was excellent intra-class correlation coefficient between both readers for all sequences(>0.9)Tumor dimensions of reader 1 based on axial MRImeasurements were significantly smaller with the following median differences (cm): T1w precontrast-1.4 (interquartile range (IQR): 1.8 ), T1w postcontrast -1.0 (IQR: 1.9),T2w TSE:-1.0 (IQR: 1.6) and DWI -1.3 (IQR: 2.2) (p<0.001 for all sequences). However, the evaluation revealed no significant differences between the three-dimensional measurements and histopathology regardless of the applied MRI sequence.Conclusions: Axial MRI based lesion size measurementsare significantly smaller than histopathological measurements. However, there was no significant difference between three-dimensional measurements and histopathology. T2w TSE and T1w postcontrast images provided the lowest deviation and might consequently be preferred for measurements.
Effect of the Hepatocyte-Specific Deletion of SND1 in Mice on the Liver Insulin Resistance and Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Zhao Chunyan , Cui Xiaoteng , Qian Baoxin , Zhang Nan , Xin Lingbiao , Ha Chuanbo , Yang Jie , Wang Xinting , Gao Xingjie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The multifunctional protein SND1 was reported to be involved in a variety of biological processes, such as cell cycle, proliferation or lipogenesis. We previously proposed that global-expressed SND1 in vivo is likely to be a key regulator for ameliorating HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and systemic insulin resistance. Herein, we are very interested in investigating further whether the hepatocyte-specific deletion of SND1 affects the insulin resistance or acute liver failure (ALF) of mice.Methods: By using Cre-loxP technique, we constructed conditional knockout (LKO) mice of SND1 driven by albumin in hepatocytes and analyze the changes of glucose homeostasis, cholesterol level, hepatic steatosis and hepatic failure under the treatment of high-fat diet (HFD) or upon the simulation of Lipopolysaccharide/galactosamine (LPS/GalN).Results: No difference for the body weight, liver weight, and cholesterol level was detected. Furthermore, we did not observe the alteration of glucose homeostasis in SND1 hepatic knockout mice on either chow diet or high-fat diet. Besides, hepatocyte-specific deletion of SND1 failed to influence the hepatic failure of mice induced by LPS/GalN.Conclusions: These findings suggest that hepatic SND1, independently, is insufficient for changing glucose homeostasis, hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation. The synergistic action of multiple organs may contribute to the role of SND1 in insulin sensitivity or inflammatory response.
Effect of Spray-Dried Porcine Plasma in Peripartum Sow Feed on Subsequent Litter Size
Authors: Crenshaw Joe David , Río Laura Lafoz del , Sanjoaquin Luis , Tibble Simon , González-Solé Francesc , Solà-Oriol David , Rodriguez Carmen , Campbell Joy , Polo Javier 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Nutritional strategies for sows designed to reduce stress around parturition are suggested to support postpartum recovery and longer-term productivity. Past studies using spray-dried plasma in sow feed reported productivity benefits in sow and litter performance. Other studies indicate stressed animals fed diets with spray-dried plasma have a more efficient immune response to the stress which supports animal recovery and health. The purpose of the present study was to determine if 0, 0.5 or 2.5% spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) in peripartum feed provided from entry in maternity through d 5 of lactation affects sow productivity and serological immune and oxidation status markers around parturition and if peripartum feed provided only during the initial parturition affected post-weaning sow productivity parameters including litter size of the next parturition.

Results

In the initial parturition, litter size for total born pigs was linearly reduced ( P < 0.05) as dietary SDPP increased and percentage of stillborn pigs per litter decreased quadratically ( P < 0.05) for sows fed 0.5% or 2.5% SDPP compared to 0% SDPP in peripartum feed. In the subsequent parturition, total born pigs from parity 1 and 2 sows linearly increased ( P < 0.05) and live born pigs tended ( P = 0.09) to linearly increase as level of SDPP increased. The change in total and live born litter size from the initial to the next parturition linearly ( P < 0.01) increased as dietary SDPP increased for parity 1 and 2 sows. Diet did not differ ( P > 0.10) for serum cytokine markers. Serum glutathione peroxidase activity linearly increased ( P < 0.01) with increased dietary SDPP for both prepartum and postpartum sampling periods.

Conclusions

Inclusion of SDPP in peripartum sow feed reduced percentage of stillborn pigs during the initial parturition and increased litter size of parity 1 and 2 sows in the next parturition. The reduced oxidation stress around parturition as indicated by increased serum glutathione peroxidase activity for sows fed SDPP in peripartum feed suggests mitigation of oxidation stress can reduce stillborn rate and have a long-term benefit on subsequent litter size for parity 1 and 2 sows.