bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ab externo implantation of the MicroShunt, a poly (styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene) surgical device for the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma: a review
Authors: Sadruddin Omar , Pinchuk Leonard , Angeles Raymund , Palmberg Paul 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTrabeculectomy remains the ‘gold standard’ intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering procedure for moderate-to-severe glaucoma; however, this approach is associated with the need for substantial post-operative management. Micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) procedures aim to reduce the need for intra- and post-operative management and provide a less invasive means of lowering IOP. Generally, MIGS procedures are associated with only modest reductions in IOP and are targeted at patients with mild-to-moderate glaucoma, highlighting an unmet need for a less invasive treatment of advanced and refractory glaucoma. The PRESERFLO® MicroShunt (formerly known as InnFocus MicroShunt) is an 8.5 mm-long (outer diameter 350 μm; internal lumen diameter 70 μm) glaucoma drainage device made from a highly biocompatible, bioinert material called poly (styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene), or SIBS. The lumen size is sufficiently small that at normal aqueous flow hypotony is avoided, but large enough to avoid being blocked by sloughed cells or pigment. The MicroShunt achieves the desired pressure range in the eye by draining aqueous humor from the anterior chamber to a bleb formed under the conjunctiva and Tenon’s capsule. The device is implanted ab externo with intraoperative Mitomycin C via a minimally invasive (relative to incisional surgery) surgical procedure, enabling precise control of placement without the need for gonioscopy, suture tension control, or suture lysis. The implantation procedure can be performed in combination with cataract surgery or as a standalone procedure. The MicroShunt received Conformité Européenne (CE) marking in 2012 and is intended for the reduction of IOP in eyes of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma in which IOP remains uncontrolled while on maximum tolerated medical therapy and/or in which glaucoma progression warrants surgery. Three clinical studies assessing the long-term safety and efficacy of the MicroShunt have been completed; a Phase 3 multicenter, randomized clinical study comparing the MicroShunt to primary trabeculectomy is underway. In preliminary studies, the MicroShunt effectively reduced IOP and use of glaucoma medications up to 3 years after implantation, with an acceptable safety profile. This article summarizes current literature on the unique properties of the MicroShunt, the preliminary efficacy and safety findings, and discusses its potential use as an alternative to trabeculectomy for glaucoma surgery.
Cytogenotoxic and mutagenic profiling of cashew nut shell liquids and cardanol
Authors: Leite Aracelli de Sousa , Islam Muhammad Torequl , Paz Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim , Júnior Antônio Luiz Gomes , Oliveira George Laylson da Silva , Cito Antônia Maria das Graças Lopes , Melo-Cavalcante Ana Amélia de Carvalho , Lopes José Arimatéia Dantas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCashew and its compounds have many important biological effects. This study is aimed at evaluating genotoxic and mutagenic effects of natural cashew nut shell liquid (nCNSL) and industrial cashew nut shell liquid (iCNSL) and a major component of iCNSL called Cardanol.MethodsTest samples were undergone for comet assay and micronucleus tests inSwissalbino mice. Animals were orally treated with 17.37, 34.75 and 69.5 mg/kg of the test substances taking distilled water (10 mL/kg; DW) and cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) as negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls, respectively.ResultsThe results suggest that nCNSL at 34.7 and 69.5 mg/kg and Cardanol at all tested doses induced significant genotoxic effects to the female mouse bone marrow cells, while iCNSL did not. Both nCNSL and iCNSL as well as Cardanol did not show mutagenic and cytotoxic effects. All the test samples also showed DNA repair capacity at low dose.ConclusionCashew nut shell liquids and Cardanol showed genotoxic effects at high dose, but DNA repair, non-mutagenic and non-cytotoxic effects at low dose.
Changes in protein profile and encapsulation avoiding responses of entomopathogenic nematode in the American bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Istkhar  , Chaubey Ashok Kumar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe American bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly destructive agriculture pest of worldwide importance. The aim of the present study was to infect H. armigera larvae with entomopathogenic nematode juveniles for hematological study of proteins and encapsulation responses to evaluate using this nematode for the management of this pest. Total protein estimation and the electrophoretic profiling carried out in the hemolymph showed a high pathogenicity of Steinernema abbasi to H. armigera. The control group survived and succeeded to develop to adults, while the infected ones died within 24 h. An increase in the protein contents in the total and plasma hemolymph was observed just after 3 h of infection with an increase at 6 h and 9 h as symptoms of early defence of the insect. SDS-PAGE profile also showed an evolvement of a protein band of 46 kDa. No self-association or aggregation and binding of other proteins were found in the hemolymph as revealed by Native-PAGE. The encapsulation avoidance rate of nematode juvenile gave good results with (> 33%) in 2 IJs/larva to 5% in 20 IJs/larva doses at24 h post infection. Loss of hemolymph proteins continued for more than 24 h with a very low recognition of nematode rate in hemolymph, followed by the death of larvae within 48 h, which proved the high pathogenicity of S. abbasi and suppression of host immune system of H. armigera.
Advanced Stage at Diagnosis and Worse Clinicopathologic Features in Young Women with Breast Cancer in Brazil: A Subanalysis of the AMAZONA III Study (GBECAM 0115)
Authors: Franzoi Maria Alice , Rosa Daniela D. , Zaffaroni Facundo , Werutsky Gustavo , Simon Sérgio , Bines José , Barrios Carlos , Cronemberger Eduardo , Queiroz Geraldo Silva , Cordeiro de Lima Vladmir , Júnior Ruffo Freitas , Couto José , Emerenciano Karla , Resende Heloísa , Crocamo Susanne , Reinert Tomás , Van Eyli Brigitte , Nerón Yeni , Dybal Vanessa , Lazaretti Nicolas , de Cassia Costamillan Rita , Pinto de Andrade Diocésio Alves , Mathias Clarissa , Vacaro Giovana Zerwes , Borges Giuliano , Morelle Alessandra , Filho Carlos Alberto Sampaio , Mano Max , Liedke Pedro E. R. 
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) in young women is uncommon and tends to present with more aggressive characteristics. To better understand and characterize this scenario in Brazil through real-world data, we performed a subanalysis of AMAZONA III study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02663973 ). METHODS The AMAZONA III study (GBECAM 0115) is a prospective registry that included 2,950 women newly diagnosed with invasive BC in Brazil from January 2016 until March 2018 at 22 sites. Valid data were obtained from 2,888 patients regarding age at diagnosis and complete baseline information. To compare epidemiologic and clinicopathological features at the time of diagnosis, patients with BC were divided into two groups according to age: ≤ 40 years and > 40 years. Quantitative variables were described as means, and categorical variables were described as frequencies and percentages and compared using the Pearson’s χ2 test. RESULTS Of 2,888 women diagnosed with BC, 486 (17%) were ≤ 40 years old. Young women had higher educational level, most were employed and a significant number were married ( P < .001 for all associations). Younger patients were more symptomatic at BC diagnosis ( P < .001), and they also presented more frequently with stage III, T3/T4, grade 3 tumors, HER-2–positive, luminal B, and triple-negative subtypes. CONCLUSION Brazilian women younger than age 40 years have unfavorable clinicopathological features of BC at diagnosis, with more aggressive subtypes and advanced stage when compared with older women. These differences are not explained by socioeconomic or ethnic imbalances. The causes of a higher prevalence of BC among young women in Brazil deserve additional investigation.
Case Report: Case report: A rare case of middle-ear Rhabdomyosarcoma in a 4-year-old boy
Authors: Menzies-Wilson Richard , Wong Gentle , Das Prodip 
Published: November 2019

We present a rare case of a four-year-old boy with a botyroid embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the right middle ear. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a soft tissue malignancy which is thought to originate from embryonic mesenchymal cells of striated skeletal muscle. It is a disease primarily of children and is exceptionally rare in parameningeal regions. The diagnosis is often delayed and easily misdiagnosed as aural polyp. Therefore, advanced disease is common at the time of diagnosis. A four-year-old boy presented with a four-month history of recurrent left ear blood and pus discharge, otalgia and fevers. He attended his GP three times and paediatric A&E 13 times where he received antibiotics for presumed otitis media and externa. He was eventually referred to the otolaryngology department and underwent an examination under anaesthesia of ear and excisional biopsy of a suspicious aural polyp. Staging chest CT and PET scan showed no loco-regional spread or distal metastasis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated absence of invasion into adjacent organs. Histology confirmed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, botryoid subtype. Subsequent to the initial excision of the polyp, he was started on an ifosfamine, vincristine and actinomycin (IVA) chemotherapy regime in three weekly cycles for nine cycles with concomitant radiotherapy. Two weeks subsequent to his first chemotherapy dose he presented with a House-Brackmann II-III facial nerve palsy but no other middle ear complications. He was started on intravenous antibiotics and dexamethasone. The facial nerve palsy incompletely resolved with treatment.
Congenital microcephaly unrelated to flavivirus exposure in coastal Kenya
Authors: Barsosio Hellen C. , Gitonga John N. , Karanja Henry K. , Nyamwaya Doris K. , Omuoyo Donwilliams O. , Kamau Everlyn , Hamaluba Mainga M. , Nyiro Joyce U. , Kitsao Barnes S. , Nyaguara Amek , Mwakio Stella , Newton Charles R. , Sang Rosemary , Wright Daniel , Sanders Eduard J. , Seale Anna C. , Agoti Charles N. , Berkley James A. , Bejon Philip , Warimwe George M. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) was first discovered in East Africa in 1947. ZIKV has caused microcephaly in the Americas, but it is not known whether ZIKV is a cause of microcephaly in East Africa. Methods: We used surveillance data from 11,061 live births at Kilifi County Hospital in coastal Kenya between January 2012 and October 2016 to identify microcephaly cases and conducted a nested case-control study to determine risk factors for microcephaly. Gestational age at birth was estimated based on antenatal ultrasound scanning (‘Scanned cohort’) or last menstrual period (‘LMP cohort’, including births ≥37 weeks’ gestation only). Controls were newborns with head circumference Z scores between >-2 and ≤2 SD that were compared to microcephaly cases in relation to ZIKV exposure and other maternal and newborn factors. Results: Of the 11,061 newborns, 214 (1.9%, 95%CI 1.69, 2.21) had microcephaly. Microcephaly prevalence was 1.0% (95%CI 0.64, 1.70, n=1529) and 2.1% (95%CI 1.81, 2.38, n=9532) in the scanned and LMP cohorts, respectively. After excluding babies <2500 g (n=1199) in the LMP cohort the prevalence was 1.1% (95%CI 0.93, 1.39). Microcephaly showed an association with being born small for gestational age (p<0.001) but not with ZIKV neutralising antibodies (p=0.6) or anti-ZIKV NS1 IgM response (p=0.9). No samples had a ZIKV neutralising antibody titre that was at least fourfold higher than the corresponding dengue virus (DENV) titre. No ZIKV or other flavivirus RNA was detected in cord blood from cases or controls. Conclusions: Microcephaly was prevalent in coastal Kenya, but does not appear to be related to ZIKV exposure; the ZIKV response observed in our study population was largely due to cross-reactive responses to DENV or other related flaviviruses. Further research into potential causes and the clinical consequences of microcephaly in this population is urgently needed.
Troubles oro-faciaux dans Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. Revue systématique.
Authors: Garcia Paola , Coibion France , Garcia-Lopez Carlos 
Published: November 2019

La fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva ou myosite ossifiante est une maladie autosomique dominante très rare. La maladie est caractérisée par l’apparition
progressive de calcifications ectopiques dans les tendons, les muscles striés, les ligaments et les fascias. Elles entrainent une perte de mobilité progressive du corps
allant jusqu’à un handicap physique sévère. Le présent travail est une revue systématique de la littérature concernant les aspects oro-faciaux de cette
pathologie rare. Des pistes de prise en charge de ces patients au niveau dentaire et maxillo-facial sont aussi proposées.
The Relevance of the Idea of “Community of Inquiry” to Contemporary Ethics. In memory of Matthew Lipman (†2010)
Authors: Tibaldeo Roberto Franzini 
Published: November 2019

Problematic and complex aspects of democratic life ? such as the teaching of the concept of civil liberties, the spreading of responsible participation and pluralistic dialogue, the mutual understanding of different cultures and individuals, and the fulfilment of a common civil life based upon shared rules, procedures, and reasonable dialogue ? are not yet solved and certainly need to be frequently revisited and reviewed
Narratives of (Mad) Desire
Authors: Airaksinen Timo 
Published: November 2019

Satisfied desires make you happy. Desires are fantasy narratives a person tells about her life and goals. They focus on intentional objects that are happiness-makers for the person: to achieve them is supposed to make one happy. Normally, such objects are good things and their context is seen in a positive manner. However, the goals may also be hurtful, as the person herself sees it. These are, at least sometimes, mad desires. To explain them, it is not enough to say that they are impulsive and irrational, unconscious, or that they are good in disguise. I explain what this means and give some examples. I also consider the thesis that satisfaction of desire is less than full happiness, which may well be true. This becomes clear when we think of moral choices.
The Pure Intergenerational Problem and the UNESCO Decade of Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Vladimirova Katia 
Published: November 2019

This article aims to bring together some theory – research on climate ethics, particularly the Pure Intergenerational Problem (PIP) introduced by Stephen Gardiner – and some practice – the new educational agenda proposed by the United Nations in 2002 and framed as the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (DESD). PIP can be resolved (or rather, avoided) if a shift in values happens that would change the very context of the problem. On the other hand, DESD is aimed at promoting the values “inherent in sustainable development” and at enabling societal transformation and behavioral change. The main focus within the value shift in this article is on a particular set of values (principles, concerns) that relate present people to future generations in terms of moral responsibility. It is argued that the promotion of ethical considerations that are concerned with the distant future, and the future of humankind in general, can be a solution to the Pure Intergenerational Problem. The article also explores whether parts of this solution can already be found within the educational agenda of DESD.
Serum sickness-like reaction to a second generation antipsychotic drug
Authors: Kashani Paria , Afraz Saba , Lavi Sasson 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction. Immune complex deposition activates complement pathways resulting in fever, vasculitic rash, arthritis and lymphadenopathy. Medications are known to trigger serum sickness-like reactions which clinically resemble serum sickness, however, are not thought to involve circulating immune complexes. The full pathophysiology is not clear. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug commonly used in the paediatric population. Aim: To describe the diagnosis, disease course and outcome of a patient who developed serum sickness-like reaction secondary to risperidone. Methods: Review of patient chart and medical interview in accordance with institutional research ethics board approval. Results: The patient, a 7 year old male with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, was started on risperidone 0.25 mg once daily. Within a week the dose was increased to 0.5 mg once daily. During the third week after initiation of medication, the patient developed generalized purpuric, confluent, maculopapular rash. Although the patient did not have any signs and symptoms of a viral illness, he was diagnosed with viral-induced exanthema and continued on risperidone. On day 28, he developed significant, bilateral swelling of upper and lower extremities, facial angioedema, lymphadenopathy, arthralgia and arthritis in ankles, knees, hands and elbows without fever. Investigations showed normal complement C3 and C4 levels. C1 esterase inhibitor, anti-nuclear antibody and urinalysis were normal. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and leukocyte levels were elevated. The diagnosis of serum sickness-like reaction to risperidone was made and the patient subsequently treated with cetirizine, hydrocortisone, and prednisone for 1 week with significant improvement. Skin biopsy was declined by the patients’ parents and therefore was not performed. Provocative oral challenge to risperidone was not considered because of clear suggestive history and ethical consideration. Conclusion: Psychotropic medications are known to cause cutaneous eruptions. Serum sickness-like reactions can happen upon exposure to risperidone. Clinicians should be aware of this potential adverse reaction that can develop weeks after therapy initiation, and be encouraged to discontinue risperidone when the suggestive symptoms emerges. Statement of novelty: We describe a case of serum sickness-like reaction to risperidone in a paediatric patient. To our knowledge, this is the first case of serum sickness-like reaction to risperidone.
Study of LBHD1 Expression with Invasion and Migration of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Dong Chunhui , Liu Yihui , Yu Guiping , Li Xu , Chen Ling 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLBHD1 (C11ORF48) is one of the ten potential tumor antigens identified by immunoscreening the urinary bladder cancer cDNA library in our previous study. We suspect that its expression is associated with human bladder cancer. However, the exact correlation remains unclear. To address the potential functional relationship between LBHD1 and bladder cancer, we examined the LBHD1 expression at the mRNA and protein level in 5 different bladder cancer cell lines: J82, T24, 253J, 5637, and BLZ-211. LBHD1 high and low expressing cells were used to investigate the migration, invasion, and proliferation of bladder cancer cells following transfection of LBHD1 with siRNA and plasmids, respectively. Our experiment showed that the degree of gene expression was positively related to the migration and invasion of the cancer cells while it had little effect on cell proliferation. Knocking down LBHD1 expression with LBHD1 siRNA significantly attenuated cell migration and invasion in cultured bladder cancer cells, and overexpressing LBHD1 with LBHD1 cDNA plasmids exacerbated cell migration and invasion. Nevertheless, a difference in cell proliferation after transfection of LBHD1 siRNA and LBHD1 cDNA plasmids was not found. Our findings suggest that LBHD1 might play a role in cell migration and invasion.
Model for Performance Improvement of Blocking Probability in GMPLS Networks
Authors: Goel Sandeep , Kaur Ranjit , Wason Amit 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Generalized multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS) is a set of rules which is used in various layers like the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) layer, Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) layer, etc. to generalize the concepts of labels of Multiprotocol Label Switching networks. A block in call occurs when number of requests is more than the servers and waiting rooms. This call blocking is the very important parameter and can be calculated in terms of probability. There are a number of models to calculate the call blocking probability like Erlang B, Erlang C, etc. This paper suggests a novel, efficient and less – complex model which minimize the call blocking to very much extent for GMPLS networks. This model deals with the factors like number of wavelengths, number of links, traffic intensity, etc. which can help in reducing the call blocking probability and give better results. In this paper, the call-blocking probability is also compared with number of links by considering different wavelengths. A comparison of call-blocking probability of proposed model is also analysed. This paper deals with blocking probability optimization in GMPLS Networks using Fredericks approach. We have used peakedness factor from Fredericks approach in Engset’s formula for this optimization.”
Wenn das Produkt zum Flirt wird – multimodale Textualität am Beispiel von In-App-Werbung bei Tinder
Authors: Smyreck Ralph 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article investigates multimodal textuality in mobile advertising based on fourTinderad campaigns. First, the article outlines theoretical approaches to the analysis of multimodal text with a special focus on mobile advertising. By highlighting formal and functional characteristics of the ad campaigns, the article then shows how different modes are used to create interactive advertisements to communicate with the app user and to promote products. The analysis illustrates how advertisers try to steer participation but also how the app user becomes a crucial part of this type of multimodal text. The article also draws comparison to other forms of multimodal text and gives an outlook on future research perspectives.
Zeitvermittlung als Kulturtransfer am Beispiel der deutschen Übersetzung von Ousmane Sembènes Novelle Le mandat (Die Postanweisung)
Authors: Ndong Louis 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article investigates cultural transfers related to the expression of time and indications of time in the German translation of Ousmane Sembène´s novel Le mandat / Die Postanweisung (The money order). The paper points out the significance of time, not only as an important parameter of the narration in the selected novel, but also in the way it is used by the different actors, and especially by the main actor Ibrahima Dieng, in social interactions and human relations. Furthermore, I investigate in this article how expressions related to time indications that are deeply rooted in the author’s domestic culture, are translated and/or transported in the German version of Sembène’s novel.