bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical Night Sky Brightness Measurements from the Stratosphere
Authors: Gill Ajay , Benton Steven J. , Brown Anthony M. , Clark Paul , Damaren Christopher J. , Eifler Tim , Fraisse Aurelien A. , Galloway Mathew N. , Hartley John W. , Holder Bradley , Huff Eric M. , Jauzac Mathilde , Jones William C. , Lagattuta David , Leung Jason S.-Y. , Li Lun , Luu Thuy Vy T. , Massey Richard J. , McCleary Jacqueline , Mullaney James , Nagy Johanna M. , Netterfield C. Barth , Redmond Susan , Rhodes Jason D. , Romualdez L. Javier , Schmoll Jürgen , Shaaban Mohamed M. , Sirks Ellen , Sivanandam Suresh , Tam Sut-Ieng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper presents optical night sky brightness measurements from the stratosphere using CCD images taken with the Super-pressure Balloon-borne Imaging Telescope (SuperBIT). The data used for estimating the backgrounds were obtained during three commissioning flights in 2016, 2018, and 2019 at altitudes ranging from 28 to 34 km above sea level. For a valid comparison of the brightness measurements from the stratosphere with measurements from mountain-top ground-based observatories (taken at zenith on the darkest moonless night at high Galactic and high ecliptic latitudes), the stratospheric brightness levels were zodiacal light and diffuse Galactic light subtracted, and the airglow brightness was projected to zenith. The stratospheric brightness was measured around 5.5 hr, 3 hr, and 2 hr before the local sunrise time in 2016, 2018, and 2019, respectively. The B, V, R, and I brightness levels in 2016 were 2.7, 1.0, 1.1, and 0.6 mag arcsec−2 darker than the darkest ground-based measurements. The B, V, and R brightness levels in 2018 were 1.3, 1.0, and 1.3 mag arcsec−2 darker than the darkest ground-based measurements. The U and I brightness levels in 2019 were 0.1 mag arcsec−2 brighter than the darkest ground-based measurements, whereas the B and V brightness levels were 0.8 and 0.6 mag arcsec−2 darker than the darkest ground-based measurements. The lower sky brightness levels, stable photometry, and lower atmospheric absorption make stratospheric observations from a balloon-borne platform a unique tool for astronomy. We plan to continue this work in a future midlatitude long duration balloon flight with SuperBIT.
First Cosmology Results using Supernovae Ia from the Dark Energy Survey: Survey Overview, Performance, and Supernova Spectroscopy
Authors: Smith M. , D’Andrea C. B. , Sullivan M. , Möller A. , Nichol R. C. , Thomas R. C. , Kim A. G. , Sako M. , Castander F. J. , Filippenko A. V. , Foley R. J. , Galbany L. , González-Gaitán S. , Kasai E. , Kirshner R. P. , Lidman C. , Scolnic D. , Brout D. , Davis T. M. , Gupta R. R. , Hinton S. R. , Kessler R. , Lasker J. , Macaulay E. , Wolf R. C. , Zhang B. , Asorey J. , Avelino A. , Bassett B. A. , Calcino J. , Carollo D. , Casas R. , Challis P. , Childress M. , Clocchiatti A. , Crawford S. , Frohmaier C. , Glazebrook K. , Goldstein D. A. , Graham M. L. , Hoormann J. K. , Kuehn K. , Lewis G. F. , Mandel K. S. , Morganson E. , Muthukrishna D. , Nugent P. , Pan Y.-C. , Pursiainen M. , Sharp R. , Sommer N. E. , Swann E. , Thomas B. P. , Tucker B. E. , Uddin S. A. , Wiseman P. , Zheng W. , Abbott T. M. C. , Annis J. , Avila S. , Bechtol K. , Bernstein G. M. , Bertin E. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Cunha C. E. , Costa L. N. da , Davis C. , Vicente J. De , Diehl H. T. , Eifler T. F. , Estrada J. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Hoyle B. , James D. J. , Johnson M. W. G. , Johnson M. D. , Kuropatkin N. , Li T. S. , Lima M. , Maia M. A. G. , March M. , Marshall J. L. , Martini P. , Menanteau F. , Miller C. J. , Miquel R. , Neilsen E. , Ogando R. L. C. , Plazas A. A. , Romer A. K. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Soares-Santos M. , Sobreira F. , Suchyta E. , Tarle G. , Tucker D. L. , Wester W. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We present details on the observing strategy, data-processing techniques, and spectroscopic targeting algorithms for the first three years of operation for the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN). This five-year program using the Dark Energy Camera mounted on the 4 m Blanco telescope in Chile was designed to discover and follow supernovae (SNe) Ia over a wide redshift range (0.05 < z < 1.2) to measure the equation-of-state parameter of dark energy. We describe the SN program in full: strategy, observations, data reduction, spectroscopic follow-up observations, and classification. From three seasons of data, we have discovered 12,015 likely SNe, 308 of which have been spectroscopically confirmed, including 251 SNe Ia over a redshift range of 0.017 < z < 0.85. We determine the effective spectroscopic selection function for our sample and use it to investigate the redshift-dependent bias on the distance moduli of SNe Ia we have classified. The data presented here are used for the first cosmology analysis by DES-SN (“DES-SN3YR”), the results of which are given in Dark Energy Survey Collaboration et al. The 489 spectra that are used to define the DES-SN3YR sample are publicly available at https://des.ncsa.illinois.edu/releases/sn.
Modeling Stochastic Variability in Multiband Time-series Data
Authors: Hu Zhirui , Tak Hyungsuk 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In preparation for the era of time-domain astronomy with upcoming large-scale surveys, we propose a state-space representation of a multivariate damped random walk process as a tool to analyze irregularly-spaced multifilter light curves with heteroscedastic measurement errors. We adopt a computationally efficient and scalable Kalman filtering approach to evaluate the likelihood function, leading to maximum

complexity, where k is the number of available bands and n is the number of unique observation times across the k bands. This is a significant computational advantage over a commonly used univariate Gaussian process that can stack up all multiband light curves in one vector with maximum

complexity. Using such efficient likelihood computation, we provide both maximum likelihood estimates and Bayesian posterior samples of the model parameters. Three numerical illustrations are presented: (i) analyzing simulated five-band light curves for a comparison with independent single-band fits; (ii) analyzing five-band light curves of a quasar obtained from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 to estimate short-term variability and timescale; (iii) analyzing gravitationally lensed g- and r-band light curves of Q0957+561 to infer the time delay. Two R packages, Rdrw and timedelay, are publicly available to fit the proposed models.
Effects of Modified Theories of Gravity on Neutrino Pair Annihilation Energy Deposition near Neutron Stars
Authors: Lambiase Gaetano , Mastrototaro Leonardo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We study the neutrino pair annihilation into electron–positron pairs (

) near the surface of a neutron star. The analysis is performed in the framework of extended theories of gravity. The latter induce a modification of the minimum photon sphere radius (R
ph) and the maximum energy deposition rate near R
ph, as compared to those of general relativity. These results might lead to an efficient mechanism for generating GRBs.
Dynamics Evolution of a Solar Active-region Filament from a Quasi-static State to Eruption: Rolling Motion, Untwisting Motion, Material Transfer, and Chirality
Authors: Yan Xiaoli , Li Qiaoling , Chen Guorong , Xue Zhike , Feng Li , Wang Jincheng , Yang Liheng , Zhang Yan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
To better understand the magnetic structure and eruptive process of solar filaments, a solar active-region filament (labeled F2) eruption associated with a B-class flare was investigated by using high-resolution Hα data from the 1 m New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST), combined with EUV observations of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The filament F2 was disturbed by another filament (labeled F1) eruption that experienced a whip-like motion. Before the filament F2 eruption, the Dopplergrams show that the southern and the northern parts of the filament F2 body exhibit blueshift and redshift along the filament spine, simultaneously. This implies that the filament F2 was rolling from one side to the other. During the filament F2 eruption, the Doppler shifts of the filament body are opposite of those before its eruption. This demonstrates that the filament body exhibits an untwisting motion, which can also be identified by tracing the movement of the eruptive filament threads. Moreover, it is found that the material of the filament F2 was transferred to the surrounding magnetic field loops, which is caused by magnetic reconnection between the filament F2 and the surrounding magnetic loops. According to the right-bearing threads of the filament F2 before its eruption, it can be deduced that the filament F2 is initially supported by a sheared arcade. The following observations reveal that the twisted magnetic structure of filament F2 formed in the eruption phase.
Kinetic Simulation of Nonrelativistic Perpendicular Shocks of Young Supernova Remnants. IV. Electron Heating
Authors: Bohdan Artem , Pohl Martin , Niemiec Jacek , Morris Paul J. , Matsumoto Yosuke , Amano Takanobu , Hoshino Masahiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
High-Mach-number collisionless shocks are found in planetary systems and supernova remnants (SNRs). Electrons are heated at these shocks to temperatures well above the Rankine–Hugoniot prediction. However, the processes responsible for causing the electron heating are still not well understood. We use a set of large-scale particle-in-cell simulations of nonrelativistic shocks in the high-Mach-number regime to clarify the electron heating processes. The physical behavior of these shocks is defined by ion reflection at the shock ramp. Further interactions between the reflected ions and the upstream plasma excites electrostatic Buneman and two-stream ion–ion Weibel instabilities. Electrons are heated via shock surfing acceleration, the shock potential, magnetic reconnection, stochastic Fermi scattering, and shock compression. The main contributor is the shock potential. The magnetic field lines become tangled due to the Weibel instability, which allows for parallel electron heating by the shock potential. The constrained model of electron heating predicts an ion-to-electron temperature ratio within observed values at SNR shocks and in Saturn’s bow shock.
Photometry of 10 Million Stars from the First Two Years of TESS Full Frame Images: Part I
Authors: Huang Chelsea X. , Vanderburg Andrew , Pál Andras , Sha Lizhou , Yu Liang , Fong Willie , Fausnaugh Michael , Shporer Avi , Guerrero Natalia , Vanderspek Roland , Ricker George 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is the first high-precision full-sky photometric survey in space. We extracted light curves from a magnitude limited set of stars and other stationary luminous objects from the TESS Full Frame Images using the MIT Quick Look Pipeline. Here, we describe the techniques used to create light curves.
Mobilisation of distributional data for vascular plants of Murmansk Region, Russia: Digital representation of the Flora of Murmansk Region
Authors: Kozhin Mikhail , Lommi Sampsa , Sennikov Alexander 
Published: November 2020

The present-day demand for digital availability of distributional data in biodiversity studies requires a special effort in assembling and editing the data otherwise scattered in paper literature and herbarium collections, which can be poorly accessible or little understood to present-day users and especially automatic data processors. Although the vascular plants of Murmansk Region (northern part of European Russia) are well studied and represented in publications, the accessibility of this knowledge is highly insufficient. The most widely known source is the Flora of Murmansk Region (published in 1953–1966), which remains in use because of its high original quality, detailed elaboration and completeness. We consider digitising this source to be of primary importance in biodiversity studies in the Arctic Region because of its point occurrence maps, which were based on the comprehensive inventory of contemporary herbarium collections.
We have compiled a dataset based on 554 printed point occurrence maps of species distributions published in the Flora of Murmansk Region, which includes 25,555 records of georeferenced plant occurrences that belong to 1,073 species and 5 hybrids. The occurrences are ultimately based on herbarium specimens kept at KPABG and LE, which were collected during 1837–1965. We estimate that these specimens represent ca. 60% of the current global herbarium holdings originated from Murmansk Region; this means that the dataset gives a fair representation of the regional flora.
The miR-183/96/182 Cluster Regulates the Functions of Corneal Resident Macrophages
Authors: Coku Ardian , McClellan Sharon A , Van Buren Eric , Back Jessica B , Hazlett Linda D , Xu Shunbin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages (ResMϕ) play important roles in the normal development and physiological functions as well as tissue repair and immune/inflammatory response to both internal and external insults. In cornea, ResMϕ are critical to the homeostasis and maintenance, wound healing, ocular immune privilege, and immune/inflammatory response to injury and microbial infection. However, the roles of microRNAs in corneal ResMϕ are utterly unknown. Previously, we demonstrated that the conserved miR-183/96/182 cluster (miR-183/96/182) plays important roles in sensory neurons and subgroups of both innate and adaptive immune cells and modulates corneal response to bacterial infection. In this study, we provide direct evidence that the mouse corneal ResMϕ constitutively produce both IL-17f and IL-10. This function is regulated by miR-183/96/182 through targeting Runx1 and Maf, key transcriptional regulators for IL-17f and IL-10 expression, respectively. In addition, we show that miR-183/96/182 has a negative feedback regulation on the TLR4 pathway in mouse corneal ResMϕ. Furthermore, miR-183/96/182 regulates the number of corneal ResMϕ. Inactivation of miR-183/96/182 in mouse results in more steady-state corneal resident immune cells, including ResMϕ, and leads to a simultaneous early upregulation of innate IL-17f and IL-10 production in the cornea after Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Its multiplex regulations on the simultaneous production of IL-17f and IL-10, TLR4 signaling pathway and the number of corneal ResMϕ place miR-183/96/182 in the center of corneal innate immunity, which is key to the homeostasis of the cornea, ocular immune privilege, and the corneal response to microbial infections.
[First occurrence of <em>Lindenia tetraphylla</em> (Vander Linden, 1825) for Northern Lazio (Odonata, Gomphidae)]
Authors: Crescia Paolo , Soccini Christiana , Ferri Vincenzo , Celletti Stefano 
Published: November 2020

[The presence of the Bladetail, Lindenia tetraphylla, is reported in the Mignone River Valley, Tarquinia (VT) (ZSC IT6010035 “River Mignone - lower course”) reconfirming this gomphid for Lazio. This rare dragonfly is localized in Italy and is reported in a few locations in Tuscany, Campania, Umbria, Molise, Abruzzo, Puglia, Sicilia and Sardinia. Lindenia tetraphylla was previously reported for a locality in southern Lazio (Lago di Fondi, LT) on the basis of two preserved specimen in the Entomological Collection A. Costa of the Museum of Zoology of the Naples University in and dating back to the midnineteenth century. The habitat of the species is made up of the gravelly shore and the curtain of willows, poplars and tamarisks of one of the best-preserved rivers in Lazio].
[Article in Italian]
Predictive Factors for Impaired Mental Health among Medical Students during the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Morocco
Authors: Essangri Hajar , Sabir Maria , Benkabbou Amine , Majbar Mohammed Anass , Amrani Laila , Ghannam Abdelilah , Lekehal Brahim , Mohsine Raouf , Souadka Amine 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has great consequences on mental health. We aimed to assess medical students’ psychological condition and influencing factors as a baseline evidence for interventions promoting their mental wellbeing. We conducted an online survey from April 8 to April 18, 2020 to examine the mental health of medical students by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire, seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, seven-item Insomnia Severity Index, and six-item Kessler psychological distress scale. Factors associated with mental health outcomes were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Five hundred forty-nine students completed the survey; 341 (62.3%), 410 (74.6%), 344 (62.6%), and 379 (69%) reported anxiety, depression, insomnia, and distress, respectively. Female students, living in high COVID-19 prevalence locations, more than 25 days confinement, psychiatric consult history, and being in a preclinical level of studies had higher median scores and severe symptom levels. Multivariable logistic regression showed female gender as a risk factor for severe symptoms of anxiety (odds ratio [OR]: 1.653; 95% CI: 1.020–2.679;P= 0.042), depression (OR: 2.167; 95% CI: 1.435–3.271;P< 0.001), insomnia (OR: 1.830; 95% CI: 1.176–2.847;P= 0.007), and distress (OR: 1.994; 95% CI: 1.338–2.972;P= 0.001); preclinical level of enrollment as a risk factor for depression (OR: 0.679; 95% CI: 0.521–0.885;P= 0.004), insomnia (OR: 0.720; 95% CI: 0.545–0.949;P= 0.02), and distress (OR: 0.650; 95% CI: 0.499–0.847;P= 0.001), whereas living in high COVID-19 prevalence locations was a risk factor for severe anxiety (OR: 1.628; 95% CI: 1.090–2.432;P= 0.017) and depression (OR: 1.438; 95% CI: 1.002–2.097;P= 0.05). Currently, medical students experience high levels of mental health symptoms, especially female students, those at a preclinical level and living in regions with a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases. Screening for mental health issues, psychological support, and long-term follow-up could alleviate the burden and protect future physicians.
Jornalismo digital de quinta geração
Authors: Bisso Nunes Ana Cecília 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo revisita as fases do webjornalismo (Pavlik, 2001 e Mielniczuk, 2003) e faz um paralelo com as publicações de tablets, em uma visão culturalista. Recapitulam-se modificações de leitura e leitores (Chartier, 1998 e Santaella, 2004) traçando interseções entre as transformações culturais e tecnológicas. Através de revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de aplicativos de notícias para tablets, propõe-se a emergência de um jornalismo digital de quinta geração: publicações com independência da web, mobilidade, amplificação do potencial offline e construção visual, hierarquia noticiosa e design gráfico com forte influência dos jornais de papel. Dialoga-se com Barbosa (2013) que também aponta para um jornalismo digital de quinta geração e suas particularidades. A partir da pesquisa, é proposta uma categorização dos apps: um grupo que representa uma transposição do papel; produtos em que a “nave-mãe” é impressa e digital; e um outro de aplicativos nativamente móveis sem correspondência direta a produtos analógicos ou digitais.
Humor e espetáculo político
Authors: Montuori Fernandes Carla , Furlan Rafael , Dias Lucia , De Lima Patrícia Cristina 
Published: November 2020

Com o avanço dos meios de comunicação de massa, o espetáculo político midiático passou a ocupar um lugar privilegiado na sociedade contemporânea, com repercussões no campo da informação e do entretenimento. A abertura do pedido de impeachment da presidente Dilma Rousseff (PT) ganhou rapidamente os holofotes midiáticos, transformando-se em uma cobertura espetacular. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir a relação entre mídia e política pela vertente da espetacularização, a partir das peças humorísticas produzidas na web. Memes que retrataram a abertura do processo de impeachment foram selecionados como objeto de estudo, com o intuito de analisar se as peças endossaram o espetáculo político reproduzido em outros meios de comunicação.
EFFECT OF MASTITIS ON MILK PRODUCTION IN DAIRY COWS IN KENYA
Authors: Muturi Elizabeth Wangari 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Mastitis is an inflammatory disease condition of udder affecting milk production negatively and having a serious impact on the economy of dairy enterprises. It is considered to be the most costly disease of dairy animals and losses mainly occur through discarded milk, reduction in milk yield, premature culling of animals and replacements. It is usually caused due to the effects of infection by bacterial or mycotic pathogens. Pathological changes to milk-secreting epithelial cells due to the inflammatory processes often bring about a decrease in functional capacity. The general objective of the study is establish the effect of mastitis on milk production in dairy cows in Kenya
Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
Findings: The study found out that mastitis significantly affect milk production and leads to losses due to discarded abnormal milk and withheld milk from cows treated with antibiotic. There is also lack of information on the economic impact of the disease in the majority of developing countries; lack of awareness among farmers concerning sub-clinical mastitis and the importance of udder health; and lack of specific national programmes to control mastitis in the majority of countries.
Recommendations: The study recommends that government should create awareness, management and control measures to be developed for education at farmers’ level as udder health, hygiene and nutrition play an important role in the control of mastitis. The best practices for reducing the incidence of mastitis like teat dip after milking; not allowing the cows to sit for 30 minutes after milking should be propagated widely among the farming community through mass media. The government should provide provision adequate funds and infrastructure required to undertake research in this direction.
PENGARUH HARGA, KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN TEKNOLOGI E-COMMERCE TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN UNTUK MENGGUNAKAN LAYANAN GO-JEK DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN CIBINONG
Authors: Ilyas Yasnimar 
Published: November 2020

In this era, some people use E-commerce for online transportation. Go-Jek is one of the alternatif online transportation that used by people. The aim of the research is to know the effect of factor cost, quality of services, and E-Commerce technologi to decision for using Go-Jek service in Kecamatan Cibinong. The type of research is used correlational research. The data analysis is used linear regression of multiple with helping SPSS program version 17.0. Result of the research shows the test linear regression of multiple obtained the regression equation is: Y = 3.340+ 0,631X1+ 0,180X2+ 0,678X3. The meaning is every it increases the values of free variable (cost, quality of services, and E-Commerce) so it will increase the value of customers decision using Go-Jek in Kecamatan Cibinong. The results of the coefficient of determination show that the value Adjust R Square of 0,446 (44,6%) Which means together factors cost , the quality of services and E-Commerce have contribution or affecting decision to use Go-Jek in Kecamatan Cibinong of 44,6 %, while the rest 55,4% affect by the other factors that is not discussed in the research. The results of the hypothesis whether partial and simultaneously Prove that factors price , the quality of services and e-commerce affect decision costumers using Go-Jek in Kecamatan Cibinong. The most dominant factors affecting decision to using go-jek in Kecamatan Cibinong is a factor information technology E-Commerce , this is proven by value the regression coefficient of 0,678