bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing an interpersonal communication skill scale targeting female nursing students
Authors: Kondo Junko , Tomizawa Rie , Jibu Tetsuya , Kamide Kei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objectives: The purposes of this study are to evaluate the interpersonal communication capabilities in basic nursing education and to develop an interpersonal communication skill scale with reference to microcounseling theory.Results: A quantitative analytical design was employed that involved administering a 28- item self-efficacy survey with reference to microcounseling techniques to 208 second-year female nursing students. Measurement data include the nursing student version of the communication skill preliminary scale draft, the generalized self-efficacy scale, and age. Criterion-related validity was verified through descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and correlation analysis. Factor analysis resulted in a 4-factor structure based on eigenvalues and scree plot. The reliability coefficient shows a correlation between the total score of each factor and the total score of the generalized self-efficacy scale at the 1% level. On the nursing student communication skill scale, the factor structure comprises four factors and 21 items; adjusting the items by confirming the contents of the question sentences realized the structure of the four factors, which show satisfactory reliability, and 20 scale items. Of these, 18 are classified according to microcounseling techniques. This study demonstrates the content and criterion-related validity of the scale.
Physiological mechanism of enhancing salinity tolerance of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Wang Jinping , Zhang Bo , Zhang Jinchi , Wang G. Geoff , Lin Jie , Liu Xin , Liu Cuiyu , Ma Shilin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and AimsThe protective effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on salt-stressed crop plants had been well studied. However, the physiological mechanism of AMF in mitigating adverse impact caused by salinity stress in different tissues of woody plants is not clear. Gleditsia sinensis Lam. is a valuable tree species with various phamaceutical uses; however, high soil NaCl concentration limits its growth in saline soil including coastal areas. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AMF on G. sinensis salinity tolerance and reveal its underlying physiological mechanism.MethodsA greenhouse experiment was performed. G. sinensis seedlings with and without AMF inoculation were subjected to four salinity levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM NaCl). After 2 months, the seedlings were harvested and analyzed for growth and biochemical parameters.ResultsHigh AMF colonization rates (over 95%) and high mycorrhizal dependency (over 75%) were observed across all NaCl levels, and AMF-inoculated plants presented significantly higher aboveground and below ground growth than non-inoculated plants. AMF effectively enhanced the salinity tolerance of G. sinensis seedlings by enhancing leaf gas exchanges inducing higher leaf net photosynthetic rates; improving peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities resulting in higher membrane stability indexes and lower malondialdehyde contents in leaves and roots; increasing P uptake and P/N ratio to mitigate P-limited biomass products; selectively absorbing less Na + and more Ca 2+ in their tissues to alleviate ion toxicity and maintain more favorable ion balances (e.g., K + /Na + ) in their tissues.ConclusionsThe results suggested the feasibility of using AMF to improve salinity tolerance as well as afforestation and rehabilitation of G. sinensis in coastal areas.
Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model of Consistent Condom Use among Transgender Women in Shenyang, China
Authors: Wang Huwen , Chang Ruijie , Shen Qiuming , Tsamlag Lhakpa , Zhang Shuxian , Shi Yue , Ma Tiecheng , Wang Zixin , She Rui , Wang Ying , Lau Joseph TF , Cai Yong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model has received consistent empirical support in the context of HIV prevention among various key populations, but not yet among transgender women (TGW). None effective interventions has been carried out among TGW so far to control their high prevalence of unprotected anal intercourse. The intent of the current study is to examine the application of the IMB model to clarifying the association between condom use correlates and condom use frequency among TGW in China.Methods: Using snowball sampling, we recruited 198 self-identified TGW in Shenyang, China from April 2017 to July 2017. Participants were required to complete a questionnaire assessing their background characteristics and IMB model constructs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to demonstrate the utility of the IMB model.Results: The consistent condom use (CCU) rate was 47.0%. Results of SEM indicated that HIV-preventive motivation (comprising condom use attitude and subjective norms; β = 0.823, P < 0.001) and behavioral skills (including condom use skills and self-efficacy; β = 0.979, P = 0.004) were related to more frequent condom use, whereas HIV knowledge was unrelated to condom use (β = 0.052, P = 0.540). Conclusions: The low CCU rate suggested that TGW in China were at high risk of HIV infection and transmission and a key intervention population. HIV-preventive interventions for this population should focus on enhancing motivation and strengthening behavioral skills to increase condom use frequency and reduce HIV infection.
Health-enhancing physical activity in Germany: findings from a national sample of 24,016 adults
Authors: Bennie Jason , Cocker Katrien De , Tittlbach Susanne 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The German ‘ National Recommendations for Physical Activity and Physical Activity Promotion ’ state that adults (≥18 years) should engage in: [i] ≥150 minutes of aerobic moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity/week (MVPA); and [ii] ≥2 days/week of muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE). However, there is limited research on the adherence to these guidelines among German adults. The present purpose was to describe the prevalence and correlates of physical activity guideline adherence among a nationally representative sample of German adults. Methods Data were drawn from the 2014 German Health Update survey, collected via a combination of web-based and mail surveys. Self-reported physical activity levels were assessed using the previously validated European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. Weighted prevalence levels of the sample meeting the aerobic MVPA (≥150 minutes/week), MSE (≥2 times/week) and combined MVPA-MSE guidelines were calculated. Poisson regressions were used to assess prevalence ratios for physical activity guideline adherence categories across sociodemographic (age, sex, socioeconomic status) and lifestyle-related (self-rated health, BMI) variables. Results Out of 24,016 participants (response rate = 27.6%), aged ≥18 years, 45.3% (95% CI: 44.5-46.0%), 29.4% (95% CI: 28.7-30.1%) and 22.6% (95% CI: 21.9-23.2%) met the aerobic MVPA, MSE and combined guidelines, respectively. Population sub-groups independently less likely to meet the combined guidelines included those with poor self-rated health, low socioeconomic status and those being overweight or obese. Conclusions As almost 80% of German adults do not meet the nationally recommended aerobic combined MVPA-MSE physical activity guidelines, there is a necessity for large-scale public health interventions promoting both aerobic MVPA and MSE.
The impact of incorrect registration on survival rate of children with very rare tumors
Authors: Salasevicius Lukas , Rutkauskiene Giedre , Vincerzevskiene Ieva , Rascon Jelena 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Pediatric very rare tumors (VRTs) represent a heterogeneous subset of childhood malignancies, with reliable survival rate estimations depending dramatically on each (un)registered case. The current study aimed to evaluate the number of VRTs among Lithuanian children and the change in treatment outcome over the 16 year study period as well as to assess the impact of the registration status on survival estimation. Methods . We performed a population-based retrospective analysis across children below 18 years old diagnosed with VRTs in Lithuania between the years 2000 to 2015. The identified cases were then crosschecked with the Lithuanian Cancer Registry (a population-based epidemiology cancer registry) for the registration and survival status. A five year overall survival (OS 5y ) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimation method. Results . Forty-four children affected by VRTs were identified within the defined time frame. Nine of them (20.5%) were not reported to the Lithuanian Cancer Registry at the time of diagnosis. The OS 5y of the entire cohort was 55.8%. The cure rate did not improve over the analyzed time periods – 54.2% in 2000-2007 vs 49.4% in 2008-2015. The OS 5y differed significantly between registered (n=35) and unregistered (n=9) cohorts: 45.1% vs 100%, respectively (p=0.016). The tumor progression was responsible for treatment failure in 95% of cases. Conclusions. The OS 5y of all analyzed children affected by VRT was lower as compared to the other childhood cancers. The survival rate of the unregistered patients was significantly superior that mislead interpretation of treatment outcome. Meticulous registration of VRTs is crucial for correct evaluation of treatment outcome, especially across small countries with fewer numbers of cases.
TÜRK HUKUKUNDA TAHKİME ELVERİŞLİLİK KAVRAMI VE TAŞINMAZ AYNINA İLİŞKİN UYUŞMAZLIKLARIN TAHKİMDE GÖRÜLMESİ
Authors: YILMAZ Süleyman , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Gökçe Filiz 
Published: December 2019

İnsanlık tarihinin bilinen en eski yargılama yollarından birisi tahkimdir. Eskiden beri olan bu yargılama sistemi modern hukukta da önemini korumaktadır. Tahkim taraflar arasında doğmuş veya doğabilecek uyuşmazlıkların devlet yargısı dışında hakem kurulu adında taraflarca seçilen özel kişi veya kişilerce çözülmesidir. Tahkim sonucunda alınan karar kesin hükümdür. Bu sebeple tahkime gidilebilmesi için geçerli bir tahkim sözleşmesi gereklidir. Geçerli bir tahkim sözleşmesi olabilmesi için belli başlı unsurların sözleşmede bulunması gerekmektedir. Tahkim sözleşmesinin geçerliliği için gerekli unsurlardan birisi de tahkime elverişli bir konunun bulunmasıdır. Her hukuk sistemi tahkime elverişlilik kavramını farklı değerlendirmiştir. Türk hukuku ise taraf iradesine dayanmayan ve taşınmaz aynına ilişkin uyuşmazlıkların tahkime elverişli olmadığını kabul etmiştir. Bu çalışmamızda öncelikle tahkimin ne anlama geldiği ve tahkim sözleşmesinin unsurları ele alınmaktadır. Ardından Türk Hukukundaki tahkime elverişlilik kavramı açıklanmaktadır. Bu açıklamalardan sonra gelişmiş ülkelerdeki tahkime elverişlilik kavramı incelenmektedir. Son olarak, taşınmaz aynına ilişkin uyuşmazlıkların tahkimde görülmesinin Türk Hukuku açısından sonuçları ve taşınmaz aynına ilişkin uyuşmazlıkların tahkimde görülebilmesi gerektiğinin nedenleri üzerinde durulmaktadır.
The assessment of lacrimal film condition in patients with dry eye syndrome during therapy
Authors: Bakhritdinova F. A. , Bilalov E. N. , Oralov B. A. , Mirrakhimova S. Sh. , Safarov J. O. , Oripov O. I. , Nabiyeva I. F. 
Published: December 2019

To evaluate the efficiency of modern imaging methods of meibomian gland ducts and determine the tear film break-up time (TFBUT) during therapy in patients with the secondary dry eye syndrome (SDES) of allergic etiology.Material and methods. 66 patients aged 38.0 ± 1.5 with SDES after allergic conjunctivitis were examined. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the therapy administered. The main group (n = 33) received Oftalron as tear replacement therapy for 20 days, 2 drops, 2 times a day. The patients of the comparison group (n = 33) used Super Optic HydroBalance for 20 days, 2 drops 2 times a day. The control group consisted of 25 healthy subjects without eye pathology. All subjects underwent Schirmer’s tests I and II, as well as TFBUT and meibography on an automatic refractokeratometer HRK-9000A (Huvitz, Korea).Results. In both SDES groups, a significant decrease of the OSDI (Ocular Surface Disease Index) in the treatment process was observed (p ≤ 0.05), which corresponded to low intensity of SDES symptoms. In both groups morphofunctional changes of meibomian glands of 1 and 2 stages prevailed. The most significant dynamics was observed in TFBUT results, they were significantly lower in comparison with the similar indexes in the patients of the control group.Conclusion. Specific modes of autorefractokeratometer HRK-9000A allow receiving objective information about the condition of the tear film and high-quality imaging of meibomian glands, which allow expanding possibilities of complex diagnostics of various forms of DES.
Analysis of the circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure in stable and progressive forms of primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Malishevskaya T. N. , Gubin D. G. , Nemcova I. V. , Vlasova A. S. , Filippova Ju. E. , Farikova E. E. , Bogdanova D. S. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose. To analyze the daily dynamics and the parameters of intraocular pressure circadian rhythm (IOP CR) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (stable and progressive forms) and determine chronobiological regularities of glaucoma progression depending on the patterns of restructuring the daily dynamics of IOP CR and body temperature.Material and methods. The study included 75 POAG patients, of which 35 had a stable form (S-POAG) and 40 had a rapidly progressing form (P-POAG). The control group was composed of 80 subjects without POAG. The index of retinal ganglion cell loss measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as a criterion of POAG progression. IOP was measured by the patients themselves for 72 hours at 7 time points (3 am, 8 am, 11 am, 2 pm, 5 pm, 8 pm, and 11 pm, who used an Icare ONE portable intraocular pressure tonometer for individual use.Results. IOP daily dynamics was distributed differently in the different groups. In S-POAG, the peak values were mainly reached in the morning hours, while the minimum values were observed at night. In P-POAG, the peak values of IOP were contrariwise recorded at night. In both POAG groups, an increase of irregular fluctuation share was noted, which indicated a decrease of the CR contribution to the IOP CR. Moreover, in POAG, a change in the phase ratio between the IOP CR and CR of body temperature was observed. For IOP CR phase violation manifestations, the threshold value of GCS global loss index was determined at 10–15 % according to OCT data.Conclusion. IOP daily dynamics were shown to differ in S-POAG and P-POAG patients. In both groups. Signs of desynchronization were detected. The ganglion retinal cell global loss index can be used to determine phase disturbances of IOP CR.
The efficiency of radiowave technology in out-patient eye surgery
Authors: Filatova I. A. , Kondratyeva Yu. P. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: to analyze the technique of outpatient operations using radiowave surgery.Material and methods. The clinical group of 691 patients (691 eyes; 315 men and 376 women aged 39.7 ± 4.2 years), with various pathologies of the eye and adnexa, in particular papilloma, eyelid cyst, abscess, chalazion, contagious mollusk, pterygium, pinguecula, conjunctival cyst, trichiasis, xanthelasma were observed for 2 years. Surgical treatment of adnexa neoplasms was performed using a Surgitron radiowave apparatus (USA) in three modes.Results. Multiple techniques of radiowave surgery targeting specific eye and adnexa pathologies are presented. Using electrodes of varied configurations enables the application of radio knives practically in all ophthalmoplastic surgeries belonging to “minor surgery”. The presence of flexible microwires on electrodes with changeable shapes contributes to improved surgery results.Conclusion. Radiowave technique of cutting and coagulation with the help of a radio knife not only reduces the time required for surgery but increases the convenience for the surgeon performing individual stages of the operation, or the whole operation. The disinfecting properties of the tips emerging due to the action of radiowaves help prevent the relapses of diseases and reduce the time of wound rehabilitation, thereby improving the cosmetic effect of the intervention.
Simulating the effects of low impact development approaches on urban flooding: a case study from Tehran, Iran
Authors: Movahedinia Maryam , Samani Jamal Mohammad Vali , Barakhasi Fakhreddin , Taghvaeian Saleh , Stepanian Raffi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Low impact development (LID) methods have been shown to be efficient in reducing the peak flow and total volume of urban stormwater, which is a top priority for effective urban stormwater management in many municipalities. However, decision-makers need information on the effects of LIDs and their associated costs before allocating limited resources. In this study, the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was used to investigate the effects of five different LID scenarios on urban flooding in a district in Tehran, Iran. The LID scenarios included rain barrel (RB) at two sizes, bio-retention cell (BRC), and combinations of the two structures. The results showed that significant node flooding and overflow volume would occur in the study area under the existing conditions, especially for rainfall events with longer return periods. BRC and combinations of BRC and RBs were the most effective options in reducing flooding, while the smaller-size RB was the cheapest alternative. However, normalized cost, obtained through dividing the total cost by the percent reduction in node flooding and/or overflow volume, was smallest for BRC. The results of this study demonstrate how hydraulic modeling can be combined with economic analysis to identify the most efficient and affordable LID practices for urban areas.
Study of Hepatitis E Virus in Blood Donors
Authors: Al-Kasaby Nashwa M. , Zaki Maysaa El Sayed 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
Hepatitis E (HEV) is a major health problem affecting around one third of the world population. The prevalence of antibodies to HEV among blood donors have been documented in several countries in Europe and Asia.

Objectives:
The aims of the study are to estimate the seroprevalence of hepatitis E antibodies among healthy blood donors and to explore the factors associated with positive HEV antibodies among healthy blood donors. Moreover, to detect HEV viremia by real time polymerase chain reaction among seropositive blood donors for HEV.

Methods:
The study included 200 apparent healthy blood donors from Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Blood samples were collected from the blood donors for serological determination for specific hepatitis E virus immunoglobulin G (anti-HEV IgG) and specific hepatitis E virus immunoglobulin M (anti- HEV IgM). Positive samples for anti-HEV IgM were further subjected for determination of HEV-RNA by real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Anti-HEV-IgG was positive in 50 donor (25%) anti-HEV-IgM was positive in 10 donors (5%) and HEV-RNA was positive in 6 donors (3%).

Results and Discussion:
The comparison between blood donors positive for anti-HEV-IgG and negative blood donors negative reveals significant association between anti-HEV-IgG and donors with older age (42.0 ± 9.7,P = 0.001),rural residence (76%, P = 0.001), workers in agricultural works (92%, P = 0.035) and elevated AST (31.28±14.28, P = 0.04). Regarding viral markers, there was significant prevalance between positive anti-HCV-IgG and positive anti-HEV-IgG (P = 0.003). Univariate analysis for risk factors associated with positive anti-HEV IgG reveals significant prevalence with older age (P = 0.001), rural residence (P < 0.001), positive anti-HCV- IgG (P = 0.004) and increase in AST (P = 0.045). However, on Multivariate analysis HEV infection was independently prevalent with older age (P < 0.001) and rural residence (P = 0.002).

Conclusion:
The present study highlights that HEV seroprevalence in blood donors is common finding. Further finding is the statistically significant correlation between antibodies to HCV and serological markers for HEV and even HEV viremia. Longitudinal studies may be needed to explore the clinical significance and cost effectiveness of screening of the blood donors for hepatitis E virus by serological tests and/or detection of viremia by Molecular testing.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOORPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR AND SHARE (TPS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 014 SIMPANG TETAP DARUL IHSAN DUMAI TAHUN AJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Hayati Mardiyah 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru masih monoton sehingga hasil belajarnya masih dibawah KKM (Kriteria Ketuntasan Belajar) yang telah ditetapkan yaitu 80. Permasalahan yang diungkap dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share (TPS) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar PAI siswa kelas 1V.C SD Negeri 014 Simpang Tetap Darul Ihsan Dumai Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklus dua kali pertemuan. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 25 orang siswa. Data awal dari penelitian ini adalah materi pembelajaran sebelum tindakan dengan hasil siswa yang mencapai nilai ketuntasan berjumlah 7 orang atau 28%meningkat pada siklus I sebanyak 14 orang atau 56%. Pada siklus II juga terjadi peningkatan yaitu sebanyak 23 orang atau 92%. Dari penelitian ini juga diperoleh informasi bahwa siswa akan semakin aktif dalam pembelajaran. Rata-rata aktivitas siswa pada siklus I aktivotas siswa memperoleh 71,11% dengan kategori baik dan rata-rata siklus II menjadi 94,45% dengan kategori baik sekali. Aktivitas guru juga semakin baik, pada pertemuan pertama siklus I jumlah skor aktivitas guru adalah 49(65,33%) meningkat menjadi 58 (77,33%) pada pertemuan kedua. Kemudian meningkat lagi menjadi 67 (89,33%) pada siklus II pertemuan pertama dan terakhir 75 (100%) pada pertemuan kedua Dari penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa, dengan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think pair share (TPS) dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar siswa, aktivitas mengajar guru dan meningkatkan hasil belajar PAI siswa.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MATODE MEMBACA NYARING PADA SISWA KELAS III DI SDN 008 KUALA ENOK
Authors: Rosita Rosita 
Published: December 2019

Kemampuan membaca merupakan dasar untuk menguasai berbagai bidang studi. Namun, pada kenyataannya kemampuan membaca di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah dan memerlukan suatu upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa dengan menggunakan metode membaca nyaring. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan 4 tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan sebanyak 3 siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III di SD 008 Kuala Enok. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dokumentasi, observasi, dan tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu deksriptif kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian secara umum menujukkan bahwa metode membaca nyaring dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa kelas III di SD 008 Kuala Enok. Sedangkan secara khusus hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan nilai kemampuan membaca siswa pada setiap siklusnya, (1) pada pra siklus hanya 25% siswa, (2) pada siklus 1 meningkat menjadi 43% siswa, (3) pada siklus 2 meningkat lagi menjadi 71% siswa, (4) dan pada siklus 3 hampir seluruh siswa memiliki kemampuan membaca yaitu ada 86% siswa.