bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Monitoring of Beer Parameters Using Infrared Spectroscopy—A Process Analytical Technology Approach
Authors: Estevão Simone Tessarini , Lourenço Felipe Rebello 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Quality assessment of a finished beer product is usually performed by determining whether a sample from the batch conforms to the specifications and industry standards. However, if one or more quality parameters do not meet specifications, the batch must be reprocessed or even disposed of entirely.

Objective
The aim of this work was to propose real-time monitoring of beer parameters using infrared spectroscopy, according to the process analytical technology (PAT) approach.

Method
Sixteen formulations of beer containing barley malt, rice, maize, and/or oat malt were manufactured and analyzed, using an off-line infrared spectrometer and a beer analyzer, for alcohol content and density. All formulations were also subjected to color analysis, pH measurements, and sensory analysis.

Results
Partial least square regression models achieved coefficients of determination and prediction of 95.4% and 76.1% for the alcohol content, 90.9% and 69.2% for the density, 93.6% and 85.7% for the pH, and 98.1% and 94.8% for color, respectively. An infrared spectrometric method was used in the real-time monitoring of alcohol content, density, pH, and color of optimized (55% barley malt, 42% oat malt, and 3% maize) and standard (100% barley malt) formulations.

Conclusions
No statistical differences were observed between the results of the alcoholic content, density, pH, and color predicted by the partial least square regression and those obtained experimentally in the optimized and standard formulations.

Highlights
The application of the PAT tool is particularly useful for long manufacturing processes and can be applied in the development of food products.
A Little Piece of Me: When Mortality Reminders Lead to Giving to Others
Authors: Dunn Lea , White Katherine , Dahl Darren W 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Past research demonstrates that reminders of one’s own mortality can lead to materialistic and self-serving consumer behaviors. In contrast, across five studies, we explore a condition under which mortality salience (MS) leads to increased tendency to give away one’s possessions—when the donation act is high in transcendence potential. We propose and find that consumers are more likely to donate their possessions to charity under MS (vs. comparison conditions) when the product is considered highly (vs. not highly) connected to the self. Moreover, we demonstrate that this tendency manifests only when transcendence is attainable through donation. In support of the proposition of transcendence as the underlying mechanism, the observed effects are attenuated under conditions where: (1) transcendence has already been satiated via alternative means or (2) the donated possession will not transcend the self (i.e., its physical integrity is lost by being broken down and recycled). The theoretical and practical implications of the work are discussed.
Should I Touch the Customer? Rethinking Interpersonal Touch Effects from the Perspective of the Touch Initiator
Authors: Luangrath Andrea Webb , Peck Joann , Gustafsson Anders 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrevious research has highlighted the effects of receiving interpersonal touch on persuasion. In contrast, we examine initiating touch. Individuals instructed to touch engage in egocentric projection in which they project their own affective reaction onto their expectations for how the recipient will feel (i.e., empathic forecast), how they appear to the recipient (i.e., metaperception), and the evaluation of the interaction itself (i.e., interaction awkwardness). Touch initiators expect that recipients will feel worse with touch, express concern for how they, themselves, will be perceived, and think that interactions are more awkward. Interestingly, touch recipients do not evaluate these interactions more negatively and leave higher tips after having been touched; touch initiators do not expect this to be the case. As a result, instructed touch initiators (vs. volitional touch initiators) are less (more) likely to engage in subsequent interactions with customers, potentially undermining future service provided to customers. Across five studies, four of which involve actual dyadic interactions, we test the consequences of initiating touch with an inquiry into the effects of interpersonal touch on the initiator. We discuss theoretical and managerial implications.
RUNX1-205, a novel splice variant of the human RUNX1 gene, has blockage effect on mesoderm–hemogenesis transition and promotion effect during the late stage of hematopoiesis
Authors: Sun Wencui , Zeng Jiahui , Chang Jing , Xue Yuan , Zhang Yonggang , Pan Xu , Zhou Ya , Lai Mowen , Bian Guohui , Zhou Qiongxiu , Liu Jiaxing , Chen Bo , Ma Feng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is required for definitive hematopoiesis; however, the functions of most human RUNX1 isoforms are unclear. In particular, the effects of RUNX1-205 (a novel splice variant that lacks exon 6 in comparison with RUNX1b) on human hematopoiesis are not clear. In this study, a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line with inducible RUNX1-205 overexpression was established. Analyses of these cells revealed that induction of RUNX1-205 overexpression at early stage did not influence the induction of mesoderm but blocked the emergence of CD34+ cells, and the production of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells was significantly reduced. In addition, the expression of hematopoiesis-related factors was downregulated. However, these effects were abolished when RUNX1-205 overexpression was induced after Day 6 in co-cultures of hESCs and AGM-S3 cells, indicating that the inhibitory effect occurred prior to generation of hemogenic endothelial cells, while the promotive effect could be observed during the late stage of hematopoiesis. This is very similar to that of RUNX1b. Interestingly, the mRNA expression profile of RUNX1-205 during hematopoiesis was distinct from that of RUNX1b, and the protein stability of RUNX1-205 was much higher than that of RUNX1b. Thus, the function of RUNX1-205 in normal and diseased models should be further explored.
Skin and Nerve Neovascularization in POEMS Syndrome: Insights From a Small Cohort
Authors: Guibert Camille , Richard Laurence , Durand Stéphanie , Maquin Fanny , Demiot Claire , Vallat Jean-Michel , Jaccard Arnaud , Magy Laurent , Duchesne Mathilde 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a rare systemic disorder linked to plasma cell dyscrasia and is related to elevation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Diagnosis is still challenging and pathophysiology unclear. Because VEGF drives neovascularization, we investigated skin and nerve vascularization in 6 patients with POEMS syndrome compared with 5 control groups of polyneuropathies and healthy subjects (n = 104) from the University Hospital of Limoges between 2009 and 2018. We evaluated loss of small and large fibers in these patients. Skin and nerve vascularization were quantified manually on immunofluorescence using vessel staining (anti-α-SMA antibody). Dermal vascularization was significantly higher in POEMS syndrome than in other groups, but unrelated to loss of small fibers and VEGF. Perineurial vascularization was higher in POEMS syndrome than in healthy controls, and was related to loss of large fibers and VEGF level. Our study highlights the existence of neovascularization in skin of patients with this rare disorder. These data suggest that skin neovascularization could be an additional biomarker to help in the diagnosis and understanding of POEMS syndrome. Moreover, nerve neovascularization, driven by VEGF overexpression, may play a role in the pathophysiology of large fiber loss in this condition.
Extensive subdural spread of a glioblastoma associated with subdural hygroma: case report
Authors: Mikhalkova Agdaliya , Hoffermann Markus 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Despite its highly malignant behaviour, glioblastoma very rarely spread beside the arachnoid layer. We describe a very rare case of a 67-year-old patient with glioblastoma, who developed a recurrent subdural hygroma associated with the subdural spread of the glioblastoma, which was confirmed histologically. Possible predisposing factors and management suggestions are discussed.
Modelling a bright z = 6 galaxy at the faint end of the AGN luminosity function
Authors: Trebitsch Maxime , Volonteri Marta , Dubois Yohan 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Recent deep surveys have unravelled a population of faint active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the high-redshift Universe, leading to various discussions on their nature and their role during the Epoch of Reionization. We use cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations of a bright galaxy at z ∼ 6 (${M_\star } \gtrsim 10^{10}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$) hosting an actively growing supermassive black hole to study the properties of these objects. In particular, we study how the black hole and the galaxy coevolve and what is the relative contribution of the AGNs and of the stellar populations to the luminosity budget of the system. We find that the feedback from the AGN has no strong effect on the properties of the galaxy, and does not increase the total ionizing luminosity of the host. The average escape fraction of our galaxy is around $f_{\rm esc} \sim 5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. While our galaxy would be selected as an AGN in deep X-ray surveys, most of the ultraviolet (UV) luminosity is originating from stellar populations. This confirms that there is a transition in the galaxy population from star-forming galaxies to quasar hosts, with bright Lyman-break galaxies with MUV around −22 falling in the overlap region. Our results also suggest that faint AGNs do not contribute significantly to reionizing the Universe.
H i absorption towards radio active galactic nuclei of different accretion modes
Authors: Chandola Yogesh , Saikia D J , Li Di 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
We present results of H i absorption experiment done using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) towards 27 low- and intermediate-luminosity ($P_{\rm 1.4 GHz}\, \sim 10^{23}$-1026 W Hz−1) radio active galactic nuclei (AGNs), classified as either low excitation radio galaxies (LERGs) or high excitation radio galaxies (HERGs) and with WISE colour W2[4.6 μm]−W3[12  μm]&gt; 2. We report H i absorption detection towards seven radio AGNs, six of which are new. Combined with other sources from literature classified as LERGs or HERGs, we confirm our earlier result that compact radio AGNs with WISE colour W2−W3 &gt; 2 have higher detection rates compared to those with W2−W3 &lt; 2. We find that H i absorption detection rate is higher for HERGs (37.0$^{+15.8}_{-11.5}$ per cent) compared to LERGs (22.0$^{+3.9}_{-3.4}$ per cent), mainly due to a larger fraction of HERGs being gas and dust rich with a younger stellar population compared to LERGs. However, for similar compact radio structures and host galaxies with WISE colours W2−W3 &gt; 2, we don’t find any significant difference in detection rates of two types of AGNs implying detection of H i gas may not necessarily mean high excitation mode AGN. We further analysed the kinematics towards these sources. We find that while LERGs show a wide range in the shift of centroid velocities ($\sim \, -$479 to +356 km s−1) relative to the optical systemic velocity, most of the HERGs have centroid velocity shift less than 200 km s−1, possibly due to differences in jet-interstellar medium interaction.
Ancient Genomes Reveal the Evolutionary History and Origin of Cashmere-Producing Goats in China
Authors: Cai Yudong , Fu Weiwei , Cai Dawei , Heller Rasmus , Zheng Zhuqing , Wen Jia , Li Hui , Wang Xiaolong , Alshawi Akil , Sun Zhouyong , Zhu Siqi , Wang Juan , Yang Miaomiao , Hu Songmei , Li Yan , Yang Zhirui , Gong Mian , Hou Yunan , Lan Tianming , Wu Kui , Chen Yulin , Jiang Yu , Wang Xihong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGoats are one of the most widespread farmed animals across the world; however, their migration route to East Asia and local evolutionary history remain poorly understood. Here, we sequenced 27 ancient Chinese goat genomes dating from the Late Neolithic period to the Iron Age. We found close genetic affinities between ancient and modern Chinese goats, demonstrating their genetic continuity. We found that Chinese goats originated from the eastern regions around the Fertile Crescent, and we estimated that the ancestors of Chinese goats diverged from this population in the Chalcolithic period. Modern Chinese goats were divided into a northern and a southern group, coinciding with the most prominent climatic division in China, and two genes related to hair follicle development, FGF5 and EDA2R, were highly divergent between these populations. We identified a likely causal de novo deletion near FGF5 in northern Chinese goats that increased to high frequency over time, whereas EDA2R harbored standing variation dating to the Neolithic. Our findings add to our understanding of the genetic composition and local evolutionary process of Chinese goats.
Defending Comprehensive Tobacco Control Policy Implementation in Nepal From Tobacco Industry Interference (2011–2018)
Authors: Bhatta Dharma N , Crosbie Eric , Bialous Stella A , Glantz Stanton 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Nepal passed a comprehensive tobacco control law in 2011. Tobacco control advocates successfully countered tobacco industry (TI) interference to force implementation of law.

Aims and Methods
Policy documents, news stories, and key informant interviews were triangulated and interpreted using the Policy Dystopia Model (PDM).

Results
The TI tried to block and weaken the law after Parliament passed it. Tobacco control advocates used litigation to force implementation of the law while the TI used litigation in an effort to block implementation. The TI argued that tobacco was socially and economically important, and used front groups to weaken the law. Tobacco control advocates mobilized the media, launched public awareness campaigns, educated the legislature, utilized lawsuits, and monitored TI activities to successfully counter TI opposition.

Conclusions
Both tobacco control advocates and the industry used the discursive and instrumental strategies described in the PDM. The model was helpful for understanding TI activities in Nepal and could be applied to other low- and middle-income countries. Civil society, with the help of international health groups, should continue to track TI interference and learn the lessons from other countries to proactively to counter it.

Implications
The PDM provides an effective framework to understand battles over implementation of a strong tobacco control law in Nepal, a low- and middle-income country. The TI applied discursive and instrumental strategies in Nepal in its efforts to weaken and delay the implementation of the law at every stage of implementation. It is important to continuously monitor TI activities and learn lessons from other countries, as the industry often employ the same strategies globally. Tobacco control advocates utilized domestic litigation, media advocacy, and engaged with legislators, politicians, and other stakeholders to implement a strong tobacco control law. Other low- and middle-income countries can adapt these lessons from Nepal to achieve effective implementation of their laws.
Far Lateral Craniotomy and Occlusion In Situ of a Lateral Medullary Arteriovenous Malformation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Gandhi Sirin , Mascitelli Justin R , Cavallo Claudio , Tayebi Meybodi Ali , Lawton Michael T 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Lateral medullary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are located in the pia on the lateral medullary surface.
1
They are supplied by arterial feeders from the V4 segment of the vertebral artery or posterior inferior cerebellar artery. A 64-yr-old man presented with leg spasms and progressively worsening gait. Angiography demonstrated a lateral medullary AVM. Patient consent was obtained for the surgical treatment of this lesion. Owing to its eloquent location, an occlusion in situ was performed without resection.
1,2
This technique relies on the interruption of the arterial blood supply and occlusion of the draining vein to occlude the AVM. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials was used, and the elimination of arteriovenous shunt flow was confirmed using indocyanine green videoangiography. Occlusion in situ preserves the flow to the delicate brainstem perforators and is safer than resection in selected cases like this one. Used with permission from Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona.
Exploring the views of planners and public health practitioners on integrating health evidence into spatial planning in England: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Ige-Elegbede Janet , Pilkington Paul , Bird Emma L , Gray Selena , Mindell Jennifer S , Chang Michael , Stimpson Aimee , Gallagher Dominic , Petrokofsky Carl 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
This study explored barriers and facilitators to integrating health evidence into spatial planning at local authority levels and examined the awareness and use of the Public Health England ‘Spatial Planning for Health’ resource.

Methods
A sequential exploratory mixed-methods design utilized in-depth semi-structured interviews followed by an online survey of public health, planning and other built environment professionals in England.

Results
Views from 19 individuals and 162 survey responses revealed high awareness and use of the Spatial Planning for Health resource, although public health professionals reported greater awareness and use than other professionals. Key barriers to evidence implementation included differences in interpretation and the use of ‘evidence’ between public health and planning professionals, lack of practical evidence to apply locally and lack of resource and staff capacity in local authorities. Key facilitators included integrating health into the design of local plans, articulating wider benefits to multiple stakeholders and simplifying presenting evidence (regarding language and accessibility).

Conclusion
The Spatial Planning for Health resource is a useful resource at local authority level. Further work is needed to maximize its use by built environment professionals. Public health teams need support, capacity and skills to ensure that local health and well-being priorities are integrated into local planning documents and decisions.
Development and validation of an alternative ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score when patient global assessment is unavailable
Authors: Ortolan Augusta , Ramiro Sofia , van Gaalen Floris , Kvien Tore K , Landewe Robert B M , Machado Pedro M , Ruyssen-Witrand Adeline , van Tubergen Astrid , Bastiaenen Caroline , van der Heijde Désirée 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective
To develop an alternative Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) to be used in research settings in axial SpA (axSpA) when Patient Global Assessment (PGA) is unavailable in databases.

Methods
Longitudinal data from four axSpA cohorts and two randomized controlled trials were combined. Observations were randomly split in a development (N = 1026) and a validation cohort (N = 1059). Substitutes of PGA by BASDAI total score, single or combined individual BASDAI questions, and a constant value, were established in the development cohort. Conversion factors for each substitute were defined by Generalized Estimating Equations, obtaining seven ‘alternative’ formulae. Validation was performed in the validation cohort according to the OMERACT filter, taking into consideration: (i) truth (agreement with original-ASDAS in the continuous score, by intraclass correlation coefficient and in disease activity states, by weighted kappa); (ii) discrimination [standardized mean difference of ASDAS scores between high/low disease activity states defined by external anchors, e.g. Patient Acceptable Symptom State; agreement (kappa) in the percentage of patients reaching ASDAS improvement criteria according to alternative vs original formulae]; and (iii) feasibility.

Results
Comparing various options, alternative-ASDAS using BASDAI total as PGA replacement proved to be: truthful (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.98, kappa = 0.90), discriminative [ASDAS scores between Patient Acceptable Symptom State no/yes: standardized mean difference = 1.37 (original-ASDAS standardized mean difference = 1.43); agreement with original-ASDAS in major improvement/clinically important improvement criteria: kappa = 0.93/0.88] and feasible (BASDAI total often available, as questions required for the ASDAS; conversion coefficient ≈ 1).

Conclusion
Alternative-ASDAS using BASDAI total score as PGA replacement is the most truthful, discriminative and feasible instrument.
Topical Application of the Antimicrobial Agent Triclosan Induces NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Weatherly Lisa M , Shane Hillary L , Friend Sherri A , Lukomska Ewa , Baur Rachel , Anderson Stacey E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (triclosan) is an antimicrobial chemical widely used in consumer household and clinical healthcare products. Human and animal studies have associated triclosan exposure with allergic disease. Mechanistic studies have identified triclosan as a mitochondrial uncoupler; recent studies suggest that mitochondria play an important role in immune cell function and are involved in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this study, early immunological effects were evaluated via NLRP3 activation following dermal triclosan application in a BALB/c murine model. These investigations revealed rapid caspase-1 activation and mature IL-1β secretion in the skin and draining lymph nodes (dLNs) after 1.5% and 3% triclosan exposure. Correspondingly, pro-Il-1b and S100a8 gene expression increased along with extracellular ATP in the skin. Peak gene expression of chemokines associated with caspase-1 activation occurred after 2 days of exposure in both skin tissue and dLNs. Phenotypic analysis showed an increase in neutrophils and macrophages in the dLN and myeloid and inflammatory monocytes in the skin tissue. Triclosan also caused mitochondrial dysfunction shown through effects on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, mass, mitochondrial membrane potential, and mitochondrial morphology. These results indicate that following triclosan exposure, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome occurs in both the skin tissue and dLNs, providing a possible mechanism for triclosan’s effects on allergic disease and further support a connection between mitochondrial involvements in immunological responses.