bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of pre‐curing UV‐irradiation on the crosslinking of silicone rubber
Authors: Gallo Marta , Rinaldi Renaud G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA recent work made use of selective pre‐curing UV‐irradiation and its effect on the kinetics of reaction of heat‐cure silicone elastomers to spatially tune its viscoelastic properties and design architected solid membranes. The present study adds to the possibility of controlling the local properties of spatially graded materials by exploring the effect of key processing parameters such as the UV dose and the silicone mix thickness on the vulcanization kinetics. Dynamic Differential Scanning Calorimetry measurements have been performed showing that, over the conditions explored, the higher the UV dose, the slower the kinetics reaction. Additionally, complete crosslinking was always reached. Companion modeling effort using the Kissinger reaction model is attempted and the effects of processing parameters on the apparent activation energy are discussed. This work is a crucial first step towards the control of the processing settings needed to design architected silicone rubber membranes with spatially controlled mechanical property gradients obtained from a unique macromolecular network.
Evaluation of microstructure, thermal, and mechanical properties of the green lignin‐based polyurethane/hydrophobic silica nanocomposite foam
Authors: Mohammadpour Raziye , Sadeghi Gity Mir Mohamad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the present study, lignin‐based polyurethane foam (LPUF) and hydrophobic silica LPUF (SLPUF) were synthesized using different concentrations of silica nanoparticles (SNP). The effect of SNP on the structure and properties of SLPUF samples was investigated and compared with LPUF through the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and compressive tests. The FT‐IR results showed changes in the H bonding interactions between the structures of SLPUF samples. Moreover, the SEM results indicated a decrease in the cell size of SLPUF samples. Incorporation of SNP improved the thermal stability of SLPUF samples while the compressive strength of SLPUF samples decreased in comparison with LPUF. Furthermore, the DMTA results revealed a decrease in the glass transition temperature from 90°C (LPUF) to around 52°C (SLPUF samples). This means that applying the hydrophobic SNP changes the foam type from a rigid foam to soft one. Therefore, significant changes were observed in the physical–chemical properties of the SLPUF samples compared to the LPUF.
Mechanical nondiscoloring and antistretching photonic crystal films based on Zn2+ coordination and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Authors: Wang Xueyu , Qi Yong , Zhang Shufen , Niu Wenbin , Ma Wei , Wu Suli , Tang Bingtao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMechanical nondiscoloring and antistretching photonic crystal (PC) films, especially those with stable structure colors during deformation, have great potential applications in wearable display devices, decoration, and packaging. Here, PC films with antistretching and invariant structural colors during deformation were prepared, by combining Zn2+ coordinated elastic material and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with polystyrene@silica (PS@SiO2) colloidal crystals. The PC films release energy by forming local fractures at a microscopic level during the straining process but the lattice spacing and effective refractive index of the local array do not change. According to the Bragg law, the structure color remains unchanged. The introduction of HPMC gave the PC films excellent tensile properties, and the maximum tensile strength reached 10 MPa. And after 100 times of stretching, bending and compression cycles, the structural color remained unchanged.
Photo‐curing 3D printing robust elastomers with ultralow viscosity resin
Authors: Chen Fuping , Li Ruiqi , Sun Jingxian , Lu Guoqiang , Wang Jin , Wu Bing , Li Jingfang , Nie Jun , Zhu Xiaoqun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhotosensitive resins with ultralow viscosity suitable for the silicone‐based elastomers by 3D printing were reported. Based on the facile one‐pot strategy which involved photo‐polymerization of hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and sol–gel transition process of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), silicone‐based elastomers with tunable mechanical properties could be obtained by adjusting the ratio of HEA and MTMS as needed. Due to the physically cross‐linked network formed by hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl group of polyhydroxypropyl acrylate (PHEA) and the chemically cross‐linked network formed by MTMS, the stress and strain of printed elastomers reached 3.75 MPa and 205% respectively demonstrating its performance has reached the average level of already reported photo‐curable elastomers. The photosensitive resins with high curing rate and low viscosity are suitable for 3D printing technique.
Association of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Systemic Sclerosis With Marked Improvement in Health‐Related Quality of Life
Authors: Maltez Nancy , Puyade Mathieu , Wang Mianbo , Lansiaux Pauline , Marjanovic Zora , Charles Catney , Steele Russell , Baron Murray , Colmegna Ines , Hudson Marie , Farge Dominique ,   the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group and the MATHEC‐SFGMTC Network
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo quantify the magnitude, domains, and duration of change in health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as compared to SSc patients with similar characteristics who did not undergo autologous HSCT.MethodsThe study was designed as a retrospective study comparing SSc patients who underwent autologous HSCT and SSc patients who met the criteria for transplantation but were treated with conventional care. Outcomes included scores on the 36‐item Short Form (SF‐36) health survey and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and its disease‐specific symptom scales. Differences in scores between the groups were compared using linear models, adjusting for baseline scores and inverse probability of treatment and censoring weights.ResultsIn total, 41 SSc patients who underwent autologous HSCT and 65 SSc patients treated with conventional care were compared. In marginal linear weighted models, the SF‐36 physical component summary score was a mean ± SEM 7.02 ± 1.94 points higher at the first annual visit (P = 0.001) and 14.40 ± 6.16 points higher at the seventh annual visit (P = 0.03) in patients treated with autologous HSCT compared to the conventional care group. HAQ scores were significantly better in the autologous HSCT group compared to the conventional care group during follow‐up (mean ± SEM difference from baseline −0.57 ± 0.13 [P < 0.001] at the first annual visit and −0.94 ± 0.49 [P = 0.07] at the seventh annual visit). There were no differences in the SF‐36 mental component summary scores between the 2 groups either at baseline or during follow‐up.ConclusionThis study provides robust complementary HRQoL data, including overall and event‐free survival data, to expand on the standard repertoire of biomedical variables, thus potentially supporting the physical benefits of autologous HSCT in patients with SSc.
Future developments in biosensors for field‐ready SARS‐CoV‐2 virus diagnostics
Authors: Fani Mona , Zandi Milad , Soltani Saber , Abbasi Samaneh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAccording to the evidence, the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) is caused by a zoonotic pathogen named respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). This virus can spread through personal contact, respiratory droplets, and also through airborne transmission. A rapid, low‐cost, and effective biosensor platform is essential to diagnose patients with COVID‐19 infection, predominantly the asymptomatic individuals, and prevent the spread of the SARS‐CoV‐2 via transmission routes. The objective of this review is to provide a comparative view among current diagnostic methods, focusing on recently suggested biosensors for the detection of SARS‐CoV2 in clinical samples. A capable SARS‐CoV‐2 biosensor can be designed by the holistic insights of various biosensor studies.
Analysis of Charge Carrier Transport Toward Optimized Cathode Composites for All‐Solid‐State Li−S Batteries
Authors: Dewald Georg F. , Ohno Saneyuki , Hering Joachim G. C. , Janek Jürgen , Zeier Wolfgang G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA high theoretical energy density makes lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries promising candidates for energy storage systems of the post‐lithium‐ion generation. As the performance of Li−S cells with liquid electrolytes is impaired by the solubility of reaction intermediates, solid‐state cell concepts represent an auspicious approach for future electrochemical energy storage. However, the kinetics of Li−S solid‐state batteries and high charge/discharge rate still remain major challenges, and in‐depth knowledge of the charge carrier transport in solid‐state composite sulfur cathodes is still missing. In this work, the charge transport and cyclability of composite cathodes consisting of sulfur, Li6PS5Cl and carbon, with varying volume fractions of ion‐ and electron‐conducting phases is investigated. The limiting thresholds of charge transport are elucidated by comparing the battery performance with effective transport properties of the cathode composite. Although both the effective electronic and ionic conductivities indicate high tortuosity factors, ionic transport is identified as a critical bottleneck. This work underscores the importance of quantitative transport analysis as a tool for cathode optimization.
Doxorubicin‐Loaded Physalis Mottle Virus Particles Function as a pH‐Responsive Prodrug Enabling Cancer Therapy
Authors: Hu He , Steinmetz Nicole F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe controlled release of drugs using nanoparticle‐based delivery vehicles is a promising strategy to improve the safety and efficacy of chemotherapy. A simple, scalable, and reproducible strategy is developed to synthesize a drug delivery system (DDS) by loading 6‐maleimidocaproyl‐hydrazone doxorubicin (DOX‐EMCH) into the empty core of virus‐like particles (VLPs) derived from Physalis mottle virus (PhMV) via a combination of chemical conjugation to cysteine residues and π–π stacking interactions with the anchored doxorubicin molecule. The DOX‐EMCH prodrug features an acid‐sensitive hydrazine linker that triggers the release of doxorubicin in the slightly acidic extracellular tumor microenvironment or acidic endosomal or lysosomal compartments following cellular uptake. The VLP external surface is coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to prevent non‐specific uptake and improve biocompatibility. The DOX‐PhMV‐PEG particles are stable in vitro and show greater efficacy in vivo compared to free doxorubicin in a breast tumor mouse model (using MDA‐MB‐231 cells and nude mice): 92% of the tumor‐bearing mice treated with DOX‐PhMV‐PEG are completely cured compared to 27% of those treated with free doxorubicin under the same conditions, representing a 3.4‐fold improvement. These results lay a foundation for the further development of this biological drug delivery system for a new generation of chemotherapy products.
Knockout of the caspase 8‐associated protein 2 gene improves recombinant protein expression in HEK293 cells through up‐regulation of the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A gene
Authors: Abaandou Laura , Sharma Ashish K. , Shiloach Joseph 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCell lines used in bioproduction are routinely engineered to improve their production efficiency. Numerous strategies, such as random mutagenesis, RNA interference screens, and transcriptome analyses have been employed to identify effective engineering targets. A genome‐wide small interfering RNA screen previously identified the CASP8AP2 gene as a potential engineering target for improved expression of recombinant protein in the HEK293 cell line. Here, we validate the CASP8AP2 gene as an engineering target in HEK293 cells by knocking it out using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and assessing the effect of its knockout on recombinant protein expression, cell growth, cell viability, and overall gene expression. HEK293 cells lacking CASP8AP2 showed a seven‐fold increase in specific expression of recombinant luciferase and a 2.5‐fold increase in specific expression of recombinant SEAP, without significantly affecting cell growth and viability. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the deregulation of the cell cycle, specifically the upregulation of the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene, contributed to the improvement in recombinant protein expression in CASP8AP2 deficient cells. The results validate the CASP8AP2 gene is a viable engineering target for improved recombinant protein expression in the HEK293 cell line.
Collagen in the media: An analysis of news published between 2016 and 2018
Authors: Arauzo Miguel Garcia , Antón Álvaro , Villarroel José Domingo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study examines 102 news items related to collagen as a dietary supplement, written in Spanish and published over a period of 2 years, in both digital and print media. The objective of this study is to evaluate the scientific rigor and consistency of the news information included in the sample. Errors and incorrect uses relative to the current scientific knowledge were identified in the analyzed information, and these errors were classified according to the criteria extracted from previous research. The evidence gathered shows a relevant frequency of errors in the information examined. The results are discussed in light of the role that the media plays in the transmission of beliefs regarding the value of collagen supplements.
Faced with one’s fear: Attentional bias in anorexia nervosa and healthy individuals upon confrontation with an obese body stimulus in an eye‐tracking paradigm
Authors: Hartmann AndreaSabrina , Borgers Tiana , Thomas Jennifer Joanne , Giabbiconi Claire‐Marie , Vocks Silja 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesCognitive biases, particularly attentional biases, have been shown to be central to anorexia nervosa (AN). This study looked at attention deployment when consecutively viewing an obese and own body stimulus that both might represent feared stimuli in AN.MethodsIndividuals with AN (n = 26) and mentally healthy controls (MHCs; n = 16) viewed a picture of themselves and a standardized computer‐generated obese body in random order for 4,000 ms each and then rated the attractiveness of the body parts of both stimuli. We compared dwell times on subjectively unattractive versus attractive body parts, and body parts that show weight status and gain most strongly (stomach, hips, thighs) versus least strongly.ResultsFor both stimuli, participants focused longer on the subjectively unattractive body parts (p < .01 and .001), with an even stronger attentional bias in individuals with AN regarding the obese stimulus (p < .05). Both groups also gazed longer at body parts indicative of weight status or gain (both stimuli p < .001), with no group differences.ConclusionsThe attentional bias to one's own subjectively unattractive body parts might represent a mechanism maintaining body image disturbance in women in general. This attentional bias is even stronger when women with AN are confronted with an obese stimulus, highlighting a potential mental preoccupation with being fat or weight gain and a behavior distinct for the disorder.
The relationship among fear and anxiety of COVID‐19, pregnancy experience, and mental health disorder in pregnant women: A structural equation model
Authors: Salehi Leili , Rahimzadeh Mitra , Molaei Elham , Zaheri Hamideh , Esmaelzadeh‐Saeieh Sara 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionCoronavirus pandemic causes stress and anxiety for pregnant women worldwide. The present study was conducted for the path analysis of the relationship among fear and anxiety caused by coronavirus, pregnancy experience, and the mental health of pregnant women.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted on 222 pregnant women who were referred to Kamali Hospital in Alborz province in 2020. The eligible individuals entered the study through convenience sampling, and data were collected using five questionnaires including the Fear of COVID‐19 Scale, the Anxiety of COVID‐19 Scale, the pregnancy experiences Scales, Depression Anxiety Stress scale, and demographic checklist. The obtained data were then analyzed using SPSS‐16 and Amos software.ResultsAccording to results of the path analysis, the anxiety of COVID‐19 and concerns during pregnancy were variables that were positively and significantly correlated with mental health only through one path, which was direct, and anxiety of COVID‐19 had also the highest positive direct correlation among them (B = 0.32). The next variable was the happiness during pregnancy experiencing, which had a significantly negative and direct correlation with mental health disorder (B = 0.29). Moreover, fear of COVID‐19 through the mediating concerns of pregnancy experiences was shown to have a significant positive relationship with mental health through an indirect path (B = 0.05).ConclusionBased on the result of this study, it is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health of pregnant women during a pandemic. In addition, it is recommended to provide a virtual training group to reduce anxiety caused by coronavirus and pregnancy concerns, as well as emphasizing the feeling of enjoying happiness caused by pregnancy experience during a pandemic.
Microsurgical anatomy of language
Authors: Vanacôr Clarissa Nunes , Isolan Gustavo Rassier , Yu Yang Han , Telles João Paulo Mota , Oberman Dan Zimelewicz , Rabelo Nícollas Nunes , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe localizationist model, which focused on classical cortical areas such as Broca's and Wernicke's, can no longer explain how language processing works. Over recent years, several studies have revealed new language‐related cortical and subcortical areas, resulting in a transition from localizationist concepts to a hodotopical model. These studies have described language processing as an extensive and complex network of multiple interconnected cortical areas and subcortical pathways, differing from the classical circuit described by the localizationist perspective. The hodotopical model was made possible by a paradigm shift in the treatment of cerebral tumors, especially low‐grade gliomas: total or subtotal tumor resections with cortical and subcortical mapping on awake patients have become the gold standard treatment for lesions located in the dominant hemisphere. In this article, we review current understating of the microsurgical anatomy of language.
Characteristics and prognostic significance of genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia based on a targeted next‐generation sequencing technique
Authors: Wang Rui‐Qi , Chen Chong‐Jian , Jing Yu , Qin Jia‐Yue , Li Yan , Chen Guo‐Feng , Zhou Wei , Li Yong‐Hui , Wang Juan , Li Da‐Wei , Zhao Hong‐Mei , Wang Bian‐Hong , Wang Li‐Li , Wang Hong , Wang Meng‐Zhen , Gao Xiao‐Ning , Yu Li 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo explore the characteristics and prognostic significance of genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we screened the gene mutation profile of 171 previously untreated AML patients using a next‐generation sequencing technique targeting 127 genes with potential prognostic significance. A total of 390 genetic alterations were identified in 149 patients with a frequency of 87.1%. Younger age and high sensitivity to induction chemotherapy were associated with a lower number of mutations. NPM1 mutation was closely related to DNMT3A and FLT3‐internal tandem duplication (FLT3‐ITD) mutations, but mutually exclusive with ASXL1 mutation and CEBPAdouble mutation. In univariate analysis, ASXL1 or TET2 mutation predicted shorter overall survival (OS) or relapse‐free survival (RFS), DNMT3A, FLT3‐ITD, or RUNX1 mutation predicted a higher likelihood of remission‐induction failure, whereas NRAS mutation or CEBPAdouble mutation predicted longer OS. Concurrent DNMT3A, FLT3‐ITD, and NPM1 mutations predicted shorter OS. Hypomethylation agents could improve the OS in patients with DNA methylation‐related mutations. According to multivariate analysis, TET2 mutation was recognized as an independent prognostic factors for RFS. In summary, our study provided a detailed pattern of gene mutations and their prognostic relevance in Chinese AML patients based on targeted next‐generation sequencing screening.
Current progress in cancer immunotherapy based on natural killer cells
Authors: Bagheri Yasin , Barati Alireza , Aghebati‐Maleki Ali , Aghebati‐Maleki Leili , Yousefi Mehdi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOne of the most common diseases in the present era is cancer. The common treatment methods used to control cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Despite progress in the treatment of cancers, there still is no definite therapeutic approach. Among the currently proposed strategies, immunotherapy is a new approach that can provide better outcomes compared with existing therapies. Employing natural killer (NK) cells is one of the means of immunotherapy. As innate lymphocytes, NK cells are capable of rapidly responding to cancer cells without being sensitized or restricted to the cognate antigen in advance, as compared to T cells that are tumor antigen‐specific. Latest insights into the biology of NK cells have clarified the underlying molecular mechanisms of NK cell maturation and differentiation, as well as controlling their effector functions through the investigation of the ligands and receptors engaged in recognizing cancer cells by NK cells. Elucidating the fact that NK cells recognize cancer cells could similarly show the mechanism through which cancer cells possibly avoid NK cell‐dependent immune surveillance. Additionally, the expectations for novel immunotherapies by targeting NK cells have increased through the latest clinical outcomes of T–cell‐targeted cancer immunotherapy. For this emerging method, researchers are still attempting to develop protocols for conferring the best proliferation and expansion medium, activation pathways, utilization dosage, transferring methods, as well as reducing possible side effects in cancer therapy. This study reviews the NK cells, their proliferation and expansion methods, and their recent applications in cancer immunotherapy.
A diffuse rash in a patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for AML
Authors: Ferdjallah Asmaa , Boull Christina L. , Stefanski Heather , Ebens Christen L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSweet's syndrome associated with relapse of leukemia suggests abnormal neutrophil response to transformation of dysfunctional leukemia blast cells, and hence, relapse should be excluded in similar clinical situation.
Very rare presentation of perforated appendiceal adenocarcinoma within a prolapsed colostomy
Authors: Alwatari Yahya , Gardner Graham , Fernandez Leopoldo , Shah Syed 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAppendiceal adenocarcinoma is rare with variable presentations. Perforation of the appendix within prolapsed ostomy can have peritoneal spread for which intraperitoneal chemotherapy should be considered. Surveillance is essential for these patients.
Portal hypertension: An uncommon presentation of Caroli's syndrome
Authors: Raut Akash , Shrestha Suraj , Homagain Sushan , Jayswal Amar , Ghimire Bikal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPortal hypertension is not a classical presentation of Caroli's syndrome. However, some young children can present with overt signs and symptoms indicative of advanced disease state despite the improvement in imaging technology which has decreased its diagnostic age. High index of clinical suspicion can help in timely diagnosis and management.