bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinician education, advice and SMS/text reminders improve test of reinfection rates following diagnosis ofChlamydia trachomatisorNeisseria gonorrhoeae: before and after study in primary care
Authors: Rose Sally B , Garrett Susan M , Hutchings Deborah , Lund Kim , Kennedy Jane , Pullon Susan R H 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundEvidence-based guidelines for the management ofChlamydia trachomatisandNeisseria gonorrhoeaerecommend testing for reinfection 3–6 months following treatment, but retesting rates are typically low.MethodsParticipants included six primary care clinics taking part in a pilot study of strategies designed to improve partner notification, follow-up and testing for reinfection. Rates of retesting between 6 weeks and 6 months of a positive chlamydia or gonorrhoea diagnosis were compared across two time periods: (1) a historical control period (no systematic approach to retesting) and (2) during an intervention period involving clinician education, patient advice about reinfection risk reduction and retesting, and short messaging service/text reminders sent 2–3 months post-treatment inviting return for retesting. Retesting was calculated for demographic subgroups (reported with 95% CI).ResultsOverall 25.4% (61 of 240, 95% CI 20.0 to 31.4) were retested during the control period and 47.9% (116 of 242, 95% CI 43.2 to 55.1) during the intervention period. Retesting rates increased across most demographic groups, with at least twofold increases observed for men, those aged 20–29 years old, and Māori and Pasifika ethnic groups. No significant difference was observed in repeat positivity rates for the two time periods, 18% (11 of 61) retested positive during the control and 16.4% (19 of 116) during the intervention period (p>0.05).ConclusionsClinician and patient information about retesting and a more systematic approach to follow-up resulted in significant increases in proportions tested for reinfection within 6 months. These simple strategies could readily be implemented into primary healthcare settings to address low rates of retesting for bacterial sexually transmitted infections.Trial registration numberACTRN12616000837426.
In vitro propagation of Camellia fascicularis: a plant species with extremely small populations
Authors: Wang Mengting , Zhang Guiliang , Xin Peiyao , Liu Yun , Li Bin , Tang Junrong 
Published: October 2019

Camellia fascicularis is an endangered evergreen ornamental plant with pale yellow flowers. An efficient and reproducible in vitro regeneration method is required for its large-scale propagation and germplasm conservation. In this study, one axillary bud per nodal stem was obtained from C. fascicularis cultured on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.1 mg L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) combined with 1.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Axillary buds from the stem segments were transferred to modified woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 3.0 mg L−1 BA in combination with 0.3 mg L−1 IAA for multiplication, thereby resulting in a high shoot multiplication rate of 6.8. Multiple shoots were divided into nodal stems and shoot tips and were induced to root. The shoot tips were induced to root by culturing on one-half MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in combination with 0.3 mg L−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), which resulted in 76.0% rooting efficiency with 2.3 roots per shoot. The optimal hormone ratio for inducing rooting of nodal stems was 1.0 mg L−1 IBA in combination with 2.0 mg L−1 NAA, which resulted in 72.7% rooting efficiency with 1.7 roots per nodal stem. These two rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized and established in a greenhouse.
Jake hard red spring wheat
Authors: Spaner D. , Iqbal M. , Navabi A. , Strenzke K. , Beres B. 
Published: October 2019

Jake hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed using a modified bulk breeding method at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB. Jake is an awned, hollow-stemmed line with high yield potential, medium tall plants, and medium maturity. During the three years (2015–2017) of evaluation in the Parkland Wheat Cooperative test, Jake yielded 6% higher than the mean of all of the checks, and matured 0.7 and 1.7 d later than Parata and Splendor but 2.9 d earlier than Glenn. Jake was 91.2 cm tall, shorter than AC Splendor (95.8 cm), but similar in height to Glenn (91.8 cm) and Parata (92 cm). The lodging score of Jake (2.2) was lower than Parata (3.1) and AC Splendor (3.1), but similar to Glenn. The test weight of Jake (80.8) was higher than AC Splendor (78.3), similar to Parata (80.5), but lower than Glenn (82.5). The grain weight of Jake (35.6 g) was similar to Parata (35.6 g), but lower than Glenn (36.7 g) and AC Splendor (37.4 g), while the NIR Protein of Jake (15.9%) was higher than Glenn (15.5%) and similar to the other checks. Jake was moderately resistant to resistant to leaf, stem, and stripe rusts, and moderately resistant to common bunt during the 3 yr of testing. The reaction of Jake to Fusarium head blight was variable and ranged from moderately susceptible to moderately resistant, with DON values similar to Carberry and Glenn. Three years of end-use quality evaluation has indicated that Jake is acceptable for the CWRS class.
Metabolic Subtyping for Novel Personalized Therapies Against Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Mehla Kamiya , Singh Pankaj K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Through metabolic subtyping, metabolic vulnerabilities can be exploited for developing efficacious treatments. A glycolytic subtype indicates poor survival in patients with pancreatic cancer, whereas a cholesterogenic subtype correlates with better outcomes potentially due to more energy expenditure. Personalized medicine holds great promise for improving therapy outcomes by optimally targeting metabolic pathways.
See related article by Karasinska et al., p. 135
Effect of the Number of Neurointerventionalists on Off‐Hour Endovascular Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke Within 12 Hours of Symptom Onset
Authors: Kim Joong‐Goo , Choi Jay Chol , Kim Duk Ju , Bae Hee‐Joon , Lee Soo‐Joo , Park Jong‐Moo , Park Tai Hwan , Cho Yong‐Jin , Lee Kyung Bok , Lee Jun , Kim Dong‐Eog , Cha Jae‐Kwan , Kim Joon‐Tae , Lee Byung‐Chul , Han Moon‐Ku , Kim Beom Joon , Kang Jihoon , Kang Kyusik , Kim Jae Guk , Kim Dae‐Hyun , Park Sang‐Soon , Park Moo‐Seok , Hong Keun‐Sik , Park Hong‐Kyun , Oh Mi‐Sun , Yu Kyung‐Ho , Ryu Wi‐Sun , Cho Ki‐Hyun , Choi Kangho , Kim Wook‐Joo , Kwon Jee Hyun , Shin Dong‐Ick , Yum Kyu Sun , Sohn Sung Il , Hong Jeong‐Ho , Yoo Joonsang , Jang Min Uk , Sang‐Hwa Lee , Park Kwang Yeol , Lee June‐Young , Lee Ji Sung 
Published: October 2019

Background

Off‐hour presentation can affect treatment delay and clinical outcomes in endovascular therapy (
EVT
) for acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to examine the treatment delays and clinical outcomes of
EVT
between on‐ and off‐hour admission and to evaluate the effect of hospital procedure volume and the number of neurointerventionalists on off‐hour
EVT
.

Methods and Results

From a multicenter registry, we identified patients who were treated with
EVT
within 12 hours of symptom. Annual hospital procedure volume was divided as low (<30), medium (30–60), and high (>60). The effect of the number of neurointerventionalists and annual hospital procedure volume on clinical outcome was estimated by the generalized estimation equation. Of the 31 133 stroke patients, 1564 patients met the eligibility criteria (mean age: 69±12 years; median baseline National Institutes of Health stroke scale score, 15 [interquartile range, 10–19]). Of 1564 patients, 893 (57.1%) arrived during off‐hour. The off‐hour patients had greater median door‐to‐puncture time (110 versus 95 minutes;
P
<0.001) compared with on‐hour patients. Despite the treatment delay, the functional outcome at 3 months did not differ between off‐ and on‐hour (odds ratio with 95% CI for 3‐month modified Rankin Scale 0–2, 0.99 [0.78–1.25];
P
=0.90). The presence of three neurointerventionalists was significantly associated with favorable outcomes at 3 months during on‐ and off‐hour (2.07 [1.53–2.81];
P
<0.001). The association was not observed for annual hospital procedural volume and the functional outcomes.

Conclusions

The number of neurointerventionalists was more crucial to effective around‐the‐clock
EVT
for acute stroke patients than hospital procedural volume.
In Wildness Is the Liberation of the World: On Maroon Ecology and Partisan Nature
Authors: Malm Andreas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFor good reasons, the green movement turned from wilderness to environmental justice as its central category in the 1980s and ’90s. Today, several leading wilderness advocates seem to compete for the most reactionary positions, particularly on the issue of migration. A case can, however, be made for a progressive, cosmopolitan, Marxist view of wilderness as a space less fully subjugated to capital than others. There is a long history of exploited and persecuted people seeking freedom in and through the wild. This essay focuses on two such groups – maroons and Jewish partisans – and asks what we lose in a rapidly warming world where the remotest and supposedly wildest corners of the world are among the first to be destroyed.
The Influence of the Encoding Modality on Spatial Navigation for Sighted and Late-Blind People
Authors: Santoro Ilaria , Murgia Mauro , Sors Fabrizio , Agostini Tiziano 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
People usually rely on sight to encode spatial information, becoming aware of other sensory cues when deprived of vision. In the absence of vision, it has been demonstrated that physical movements and spatial descriptions can effectively provide the spatial information that is necessary for the construction of an adequate spatial mental model. However, no study has previously compared the influence of these encoding modalities on complex movements such as human spatial navigation within real room-size environments. Thus, we investigated whether the encoding of a spatial layout through verbal cues — that is, spatial description — and motor cues — that is, physical exploration of the environment — differently affect spatial navigation within a real room-size environment, by testing blindfolded sighted (Experiment 1) and late-blind (Experiment 2) participants. Our results reveal that encoding the environment through physical movement is more effective than through verbal descriptions in supporting active navigation. Thus, our findings are in line with the studies claiming that the physical exploration of an environment enhances the development of a global spatial representation and improves spatial updating. From an applied perspective, the present results suggest that it might be possible to improve the experience for visually impaired people within a new environment by allowing them to explore it.
Improved outcomes in neonates who require venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after the Norwood procedure
Authors: De Jesus-Brugman Nicole , Hobson Michael Joe , Herrmann Jeremy L , Friedman Matthew L , Cordes Timothy , Mastropietro Christopher W 
Published: October 2019

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after the Norwood procedure has historically been associated with poor outcomes, with reported hospital survival rates of 13%–48%. We hypothesized that contemporary outcomes in this population have improved. We aimed to compare clinical outcomes of contemporary cohorts of patients with functional single ventricle physiology who did and did not receive extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after the Norwood procedure. Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with single ventricle anatomy who underwent the Norwood procedure between 2009 and 2017 was performed. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were constructed, and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to compare transplant-free survival in patients who did and did not receive venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Results: In total, 85 patients met inclusion criteria. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was utilized in 25 patients (29%). A total of 18 patients (72%) who received venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survived to hospital discharge, compared to 54 patients (92%) who did not receive venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (p = 0.013). Post-discharge transplant-free survival was not significantly different between patients who did and did not receive venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (log-rank p value = 0.28). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that the occurrence of cardiac arrest requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (hazard ratio = 4.5; 95% confidence interval = 2.0–10.1) during the perioperative period was independently associated with death or transplantation, whereas venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was not an independent risk factor for death or transplantation (hazard ratio = 2.0; 95% confidence interval = 0.8–4.9). Conclusion: In our cohort of children who received venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after the Norwood procedure, hospital survival was improved compared to historical data. In addition, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation utilization was not independently associated with worse outcomes.
Conflict and affiliative behavior frequency between cats in multi-cat households: a survey-based study
Authors: Elzerman Ashley L , DePorter Theresa L , Beck Alexandra , Collin Jean-François 
Published: October 2019

Objectives The objective of this study was to collect information from cat owners about the frequency of conflict and affiliative signs in their households in order to: (1) assess correlations with the owners’ ratings of household cat–cat harmony; and (2) determine if relationships exist between household variables, cat population variables and behavior frequencies. Methods Responses to an online survey of adult residents of the USA who were the primary caregiver of 2–4 indoor or indoor–outdoor cats were included in the analysis. Spearman’s correlations and χ2 tests were used to compare behavior frequencies with household and cat population variables. Results Of 2492 owners of multiple cats, 73.3% noted conflict signs from the very beginning when introducing the cats. The more cats in the house, the more frequent the conflict signs. Staring was the most frequently observed conflict sign, occurring at least daily in 44.9% of households, followed, in order of decreasing frequency, by chasing, stalking, fleeing, tail twitching, hissing and wailing/screaming. Hissing occurred at least daily in 18% of households. Affiliative signs were observed more frequently than conflict signs. Physical contact between cats was observed at least daily in around half of the multi-cat households. Higher harmony scores were correlated with less frequent conflict signs and more frequent affiliative signs. No household or cat population variable, including home size or numerically adequate resources provision, was strongly predictive of the frequency of conflict or affiliative signs. Conclusions and relevance This is the first large-scale online survey to obtain frequencies of conflict and affiliative behaviors and compare them with factors linked to the cats or the home settings. The study confirmed that feline relationships are correlated with the owner’s perceived impression of the initial introduction, but other household factors and cat population variables included in the study were not strongly predictive of the frequency of conflict or affiliative signs.
The frontline of social prescribing – How do we ensure Link Workers can work safely and effectively within primary care?
Authors: Frostick Caroline , Bertotti Marcello 
Published: October 2019

Objective To identify the training, skills and experience social prescribing Link Workers, working with patients presenting with long-term conditions, need to carry out their role safely and effectively within primary care services. Method Qualitative data were collected from Link Workers as part of the evaluation of three social prescribing schemes. Interviews and focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed. Results Link Workers describe the complexity of the work and the need to define the boundaries of their role within existing services. Previous life and work experience were invaluable and empathy was seen as a key skill. A variety of training was valued with counselling skills felt to be most critical. Clinical supervision and support were felt to be essential to conduct the work safely. Discussion Social prescribing is a significant theme within UK health policy and internationally and schemes in primary care services are common. Patient accounts consistently suggest that the Link Worker is key to the success of the pathway. Link Workers can facilitate positive behaviour change; however they must be recruited, trained and supported with a clear understanding of the demands of this complex role.
Biomechanical Comparison of Quadriceps and 6-Strand Hamstring Tendon Grafts in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Urchek Ryan , Karas Spero 
Published: October 2019

Background: The quadriceps tendon is becoming a popular graft option for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Few studies have examined the biomechanics of the quadriceps tendon compared with more commonly used graft choices. Due to the risk associated with small-diameter hamstring tendon grafts, various modifications of hamstring tendon preparation techniques have been described—specifically, a tripled, 6-strand hamstring tendon construct. This is the first study to directly compare the biomechanical properties of quadriceps tendon and hamstring tendon grafts. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to quantify the biomechanical properties of the quadriceps tendon and 6-strand hamstring tendon grafts, specifically evaluating ultimate load to failure, load at 3 mm of displacement, and stiffness. These parameters characterize the time zero, in vitro, static tensile properties of these graft options. Our hypothesis was that for grafts of similar size, there would not be a significant difference in the biomechanical properties. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Quadriceps and hamstring tendon grafts were harvested from 6 human cadaveric knees (mean age, 61.17 ± 10.38 years). These matched grafts were prepared and biomechanically tested using an all-electric dynamic test load system. The mean diameter, stiffness, ultimate load to failure, and load to 3 mm of displacement were evaluated and analyzed. Results: The mean diameters of the 6-strand hamstring and quadriceps tendons were 11.33 and 10.16 mm, respectively ( P = .03). Despite these significantly different diameters, no differences were found in graft ultimate load to failure or load at 3 mm of displacement. The 6-strand hamstring tendon graft was significantly stiffer compared with the quadriceps tendon (1147.65 vs 808.65 N/mm; P = .04). Conclusion: The 6-strand hamstring tendon and quadriceps tendon graft had similar biomechanical properties with respect to ultimate load to failure and load at 3 mm of displacement in 6 matched cadaveric specimens. Both grafts were significantly stiffer than the native ACL, and the hamstring tendon construct was significantly stiffer than the quadriceps tendon. Clinical Relevance: The quadriceps tendon graft is a reliable alternative to a 6-strand hamstring tendon graft for ACL reconstruction.
iTRAQ and PRM-based quantitative proteomics in early recurrent spontaneous abortion: biomarkers discovery
Authors: Cui Ying , He Ling , Yang Chun-Yan , Ye Qian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Early recurrent spontaneous abortion (ERSA) is a common condition in pregnant women. To prevent ERSA is necessary to look for abortion indicators, such as hormones and proteins, in an early stage.

Methods
Thirty patients with ERSA were enrolled in the case group. In the control group, we recruited 30 healthy women without a history of miscarriage undergoing voluntary pregnancy termination. The differentially expressed proteins in the serum were identified between the two groups using PRM and iTRAQ.

Results
Seventy-eight differentially expressed proteins were identified. Using GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway analysis, we detected that the most significant changes occurred in the pathway of Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis. Meanwhile, using PRM, we identified three proteins that were closely related to abortion, B4DTF1 (highly similar to PSG1), P11464 (PSG1), and B4DF70 (highly similar to Prdx-2). The levels of B4DTF1 and P11464 were down-regulated, while the level of B4DF70 was up-regulated.

Conclusions
CD45, PSG1, and Prdx-2, were significantly dysregulated in the samples of ERSA and could become important biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of ERSA. Larger‑scale studies are required to confirm the diagnostic value of these biomarkers.
The effect of mobilization with movement on pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Alkhawajah Hani A. , Alshami Ali M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Few studies have investigated the effects of mobilization with movement (MWM) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) compared to other procedures. Sham procedures are generally more appropriate control than using no or usual treatments. Moreover, studies investigating the widespread hypoalgesic effects of MWM in patients with knee OA are lacking. The aim was to investigate the effect of MWM on function and pain in patients with knee OA compared to sham MWM.

Methods
This is a randomized double-blind (patients and assessor) controlled trial. Forty adult patients with knee OA of grade II and above were recruited to receive either MWM treatment or sham MWM for the knee. The outcome measures included the following: a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, the pressure pain threshold (PPT) test, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index, the timed up and go (TUG) test, knee strength and knee range of motion (ROM). The measurements were taken at baseline, immediately after intervention and 2 days later.

Results
Compared with sham MWM, MWM resulted in greater immediate improvement in pain [mean difference (95% CI): − 2.2 (− 2.8, − 1.6)], PPT at both the knee [176 (97, 254)] and shoulder [212 (136, 288)], TUG time [− 1.6 (− 2.1, − 1.1)], knee flexor strength [2.0 (1.3, 2.7)] and extensor strength [5.7 (4.1, 7.2)] and knee flexion ROM [12.8 (9.6, 15.9)] (all, p < 0.001) but not knee extension ROM [− 0.8 (− 1.6, 0.1)] (p = 0.067). After 2 days of intervention, patients who received MWM also demonstrated a greater improvement in pain [− 1.0 (− 1.8, − 0.1)], PPT at the shoulder [107 (40, 175)], TUG time [− 0.9 (− 1.4, − 0.4)], knee flexor strength [0.9 (0.2, 1.7)] and extensor strength [2.9 (2.1, 3.9)] and knee flexion ROM [8.3 (4.7, 11.9)] (all, p ≤ 0.026). However, WOMAC scores and knee extension ROM showed no evidence of change at any stage after intervention (p ≥ 0.067).

Conclusions
MWM provided superior benefits over sham MWM in terms of local and widespread pain, physical function (walking), knee flexion and extension muscle strength and knee flexion ROM for at least 2 days in patients with knee OA.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02865252), registered on August 12, 2016.