bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Epstein-Barr virus infection with peripheral immune parameters and clinical outcome in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Tao Dan , Zhang Ningning , Huang Qingqing , Ge Chuang , Li Qicheng , Li Shujie , Weng Kegui , Guo Qishuai , Sui Jiangdong , Wang Can , Zhang Xin , Wang Ying 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with peripheral blood immune cell counts and clinical outcomes in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. In a retrospective design, 146 patients with NPC at stage IV were enrolled in this study. The association of EBV status with peripheral blood immune cell counts, distant metastases, and long-term survival in patients with advanced NPC were determined. Eighty-seven (59.6%) of all patients were positive for EBV. Compared with patients with normal NK cell count, patients with lower NK cell count showed a significantly lower EBV viral load (median: 614.0 vs. 2190.0 copies/mL, P = 0.024). EBV-positive patients showed a significantly higher incidence of liver metastasis than EBV-negative patients (32.6% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.021). Multi-variant regression analysis showed that EBV infection was independently associated with liver metastasis (OR: 2.33, P = 0.043). EBV positive patients showed a significantly worse PFS (P = 0.001) and OS (P = 0.001) than EBV negative patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that EBV infection was independently associated with a worse PFS (HR: 1.94, P = 0.003), and OS (HR: 2.12, P = 0.014) in advanced NPC. In conclusion, EBV infection is associated with a high risk of liver metastasis and is also an independent negative predictor for PFS and OS in patients with advanced NPC. EBV infection is associated with lower CD8% and higher NK%, while lower NK cell count is associated with lower EBV viral load.
Identifying likely transmissions in Mycobacterium bovis infected populations of cattle and badgers using the Kolmogorov Forward Equations
Authors: Rossi Gianluigi , Crispell Joseph , Balaz Daniel , Lycett Samantha J. , Benton Clare H. , Delahay Richard J. , Kao Rowland R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEstablished methods for whole-genome-sequencing (WGS) technology allow for the detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the pathogen genomes sourced from host samples. The information obtained can be used to track the pathogen’s evolution in time and potentially identify ‘who-infected-whom’ with unprecedented accuracy. Successful methods include ‘phylodynamic approaches’ that integrate evolutionary and epidemiological data. However, they are typically computationally intensive, require extensive data, and are best applied when there is a strong molecular clock signal and substantial pathogen diversity. To determine how much transmission information can be inferred when pathogen genetic diversity is low and metadata limited, we propose an analytical approach that combines pathogen WGS data and sampling times from infected hosts. It accounts for ‘between-scale’ processes, in particular within-host pathogen evolution and between-host transmission. We applied this to a well-characterised population with an endemic Mycobacterium bovis (the causative agent of bovine/zoonotic tuberculosis, bTB) infection. Our results show that, even with such limited data and low diversity, the computation of the transmission probability between host pairs can help discriminate between likely and unlikely infection pathways and therefore help to identify potential transmission networks. However, the method can be sensitive to assumptions about within-host evolution.
A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study
Authors: Shitara Hitoshi , Tajika Tsuyoshi , Kuboi Takuro , Ichinose Tsuyoshi , Sasaki Tsuyoshi , Hamano Noritaka , Endo Takafumi , Kamiyama Masataka , Yamamoto Atsushi , Kobayashi Tsutomu , Takagishi Kenji , Chikuda Hirotaka 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBaseball players frequently injure their shoulders and elbows. Preseason risk factors for such injuries have been relatively well studied, but in-season risk factors are less known, and the relationship between the number of pitches and the incidence of such injuries in baseball pitchers of any level is unclear. Identifying the risk factors related to the number of daily pitches is particularly important to prevent baseball-related arm injuries among young pitchers. Thus, we prospectively investigated the relationship between the number of daily full-power pitches in high school baseball pitchers and the incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries. We observed that a small number of daily full-power pitches, < 30 pitches per day, in high school baseball pitchers, significantly increased the risk of shoulder and elbow injuries: these players had a 2.3-times greater risk of injuries and a 45-day earlier occurrence of injuries than those pitching ≥ 30 pitches per day. Although unexpected, this was plausible as continuous daily pitching is required to maintain physical condition in growing and maturing high school pitchers. These findings may form the basis for establishing guidelines regarding the appropriate number of daily pitches required to prevent shoulder and elbow injuries in high school baseball pitchers.
Natural epialleles of Arabidopsis SUPERMAN display superwoman phenotypes
Authors: Bondada Ramesh , Somasundaram Saravanakumar , Marimuthu Mohan Premanand , Badarudeen Mohammed Afsal , Puthiyaveedu Vaishak Kanjirakol , Maruthachalam Ravi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEpimutations are heritable changes in gene function due to loss or gain of DNA cytosine methylation or chromatin modifications without changes in the DNA sequence. Only a few natural epimutations displaying discernible phenotypes are documented in plants. Here, we report natural epimutations in the cadastral gene, SUPERMAN(SUP), showing striking phenotypes despite normal transcription, discovered in a natural tetraploid, and subsequently in eleven diploid Arabidopsis genetic accessions. This natural lois lane(lol) epialleles behave as recessive mendelian alleles displaying a spectrum of silent to strong superwoman phenotypes affecting only the carpel whorl, in contrast to semi-dominant superman or supersex features manifested by induced epialleles which affect both stamen and carpel whorls. Despite its unknown origin, natural lol epialleles are subjected to the same epigenetic regulation as induced clk epialleles. The existence of superwoman epialleles in diverse wild populations is interpreted in the light of the evolution of unisexuality in plants.
The Quadrad of Performance: A Leadership Tool for Professional Growth
Authors: Page Michael D. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeClinical care in all aspects of audiology and speech-language pathology requires a significant and diverse skill set in order to screen, assess, diagnose, treat, and monitor performance of their patients. Communication skills are paramount in all directions of their relationship with patients and coworkers. Additionally, clinicians rarely work in isolation and are most often in a group environment and setting with other peer professionals, as well as affiliated professionals with differing yet complementary multifaceted skills associated with neighboring professions.ConclusionsThe aggregate of skills spans an enormous set. Expectations are high, and much is expected as a clinician and a colleague! While clinical skill and performance are certainly what most hiring managers look for, this clinical focus article will discuss the critical importance of aspects of relationship courtesy and trust. Indeed, these characteristics will be presented as even more critical than clinical skills alone. Four sets of skills will be presented, which the author claims mandatory for all clinical providers. They includeknowledge and competence,efficiency and productivity,relationships with patients, andrelationships with peers.
Space‐correlation‐based joint data transmission and on‐demand charging for rechargeable wireless sensor networks
Authors: Hu Qingsong , Yang Junwei , Huo Yu , Li Binghao , Li Shiyin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIt is of great importance to power the nodes of the rechargeable wireless sensor network to detect events continuously in the area of interest. This paper proposes a joint data transmission and on‐demand charging algorithm based on the space correlation. The new algorithm optimises the event detection, data forwarding and node charging jointly to improve the charging efficiency. First, the active nodes participating in the event detection are selected using an improved iterative node selection method to reduce the number of nodes working concurrently. Then, the greedy data transmission scheme based on grid partition is proposed to transmit the observed data to the sink node. Finally, the nodes in the networks are charged using the on‐demand charging method based on grid partition, which greatly decreases the charging frequency and energy loss of the mobile charger. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method has superior performance in the distance travelled by the mobile charger, the energy utilisation, the average energy consumption of the mobile charger and the node charging latency.
On the risk of failure to prevent induction motors permanent damage, due to the short available time‐to‐diagnosis of inter‐turn short‐circuit faults
Authors: Bento Fernando , Adouni Amel , Muxiri Ananias C. P. , Fonseca Davide S. B. , Marques Cardoso Antonio J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs one of the most important assets of the industry, it is crucial to fully characterise all failure modes showing potential to degrade the normal operation of induction motors (IMs). One of the failure modes which lacks detailed knowledge and proper diagnostic tools is the inter‐turn short‐circuit (SC) fault. Given the severity of such failure mode, it is pivotal to ensure that incipient fault symptoms are correctly identified, thus preventing critical damages to the IM. Unfortunately, the state‐of‐the‐art does not provide enough data to confirm whether the available diagnostic tools act out in due time to avoid permanent damage to the faulty IM. To evaluate the impacts of this failure mode in the temperature of the stator windings of an IM, this paper presents the results obtained from two alternative thermal models of the same IM, resorting to the lumped parameter thermal network method and to the finite elements method. The results confirm that diagnostic tools reported in the literature might not be effective, failing to correctly diagnose an inter‐turn SC fault and to warrant the lead time required to take actions suitable to prevent permanent damage to the IM.
Detecting and isolating false data injection attacks on electric vehicles of smart grids using distributed functional observers
Authors: Pham Thanh Ngoc , Oo Amanullah Maung Than , Trinh Hieu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of false data injection attacks (FDIAs) on load frequency control of interconnected smart grids (ISGs) with delayed electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energies. By intruding incorrect information, unauthorised users can corrupt the system information leading to degradation in the performance and disruptions of ISGs. In this paper, a model of ISGs subject to FDIAs in aggregator of EVs and power plants is first presented. This mathematical representation comprises dynamic interactions of power plants, delayed EVs, renewable energies and FDIAs on both system states and outputs. Based on recent advanced techniques on functional observers and matrix inequalities for time‐delay systems, then a new distributed functional observers based scheme is developed to realise the tasks of detecting and isolating FDIAs. Also, an effective procedure presented in tractable linear matrix inequalitiesis build with an optimisation process for the synthesis of the detector. The proposed detector is distributed, of reduced order, avoids the risk of centralised malicious incidents, therefore easy for implementation and monitoring tasks. The stability of ISGs and contribution of EVs subject to FDIAs are also discussed. Comprehensive simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method by using three‐area ISGs.
Enhancement of the thermal analysis of power cables installed in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ducts under continuous and cyclic current loading conditions
Authors: Gouda Ossama E. , Osman Gomaa F. A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA study of the performance of power cables installed inside non‐metallic ducts is presented here. Cable capacity calculations for this type of installation are done. The thermal analysis of cables inside ducts which are installed in air as riser or buried in soils is presented. According to IEC 60287 cables can be installed in fibre ducts in concrete layer surrounded by the soil, in this article it is proposed to install the cables in PVC ducts directly buried in the soil. Based on IEC 60287‐1‐3 and IEC 60853‐2 standards proposed models in steady state and dynamic cable loadings are constructed. The proposed equivalent thermal models are used in the calculations of the cable components temperature for cables installed in ducts. It is concluded that very high increase in cable conductor temperature is observed when the cable is installed in duct and used as riser or even when it is installed in duct buried in soil. Significant decrease in the temperature of the cable conductor can be noticed when the cable is directly buried in the soil compared with that installed in ducts.
The Association Between Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Transvaginal Ultrasound Findings in Women Referred for Endometriosis Evaluation: A Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Cohen Ben-Meir Lee , Soriano David , Zajicek Michal , Yulzari Vered , Bouaziz Jerome , Beer-Gabel Marc , Eisenberg Vered H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) findings suggestive of endometriosis.Materials and Methods A prospective design. Women referred for a diagnostic ultrasound due to suspicion of endometriosis completed a Rome III and Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) questionnaire for clinical, GI symptoms, before undergoing TVUS. Endometriosis was diagnosed in the presence of endometriomas and/or deeply infiltrative endometriotic (DIE) lesions. Association between lesion sites and GI symptoms was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The study included 241 women who presented with: dysmenorrhea (89.6 %), dyspareunia (76.3 %), chronic pelvic pain (77.2 %), dyschezia (66 %), hematochezia (15.4 %), subfertility (24.5 %). GI symptoms were present in 25.3–76.8 % and 5.4–55.6 % of Rome III and PFDI-20 questionnaire responses, respectively. TVUS findings were endometriomas (23.2 %), peritoneal adhesions (46.5 %), uterosacral ligament (26.7 %), retrocervical (11.2 %), rectosigmoid (11.2 %), intestinal (4.6 %), and bladder (0.8 %) involvement, and pouch of Douglas (POD) obliteration (15.4 %). There was a high prevalence of peritoneal adhesions, uterosacral ligament involvement, and rectosigmoid and intestinal nodules on TVUS in women with GI symptoms, up to Chi2 = 9.639 (p = 0.013) on univariate and Chi2 = 8.102 (p = 0.005) on multivariate analysis.Conclusion We observed an almost 10-fold increase in DIE lesions in women with GI symptoms. We suggest that the presence of GI symptoms should prompt a referral for endometriosis evaluation and performance of a dedicated TVUS before invasive gastrointestinal procedures.
Die Abbildung von Therapien mit Naturheilmitteln in der ärztlichen Aus- und Weiterbildung sowie in der ärztlichen Versorgungspraxis
Authors: Abels Carina , Wasem Jürgen , Walendzik Anke 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Ziel war es, zu ermitteln, inwieweit „Therapien mit Naturheilmitteln“ in der ärztlichen Aus- und Weiterbildung gelehrt werden, sowie die Umsetzung dieser Therapien in die ärztliche Versorgungpraxis darzustellen.
Methodik Es wurde eine strukturierte Recherche sowie eine Befragung von Fachärzten durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Die Therapien sind Teil des Medizinstudiums. Sie sind Inhalt in einer Facharztweiterbildung und sieben Zusatzweiterbildungen.Der überwiegende Teil der befragten Ärzte bietet diese Therapien für ihre Patienten an. Mehr als 65 % gaben an, die Therapien als relevant einzuschätzen. Gründe gegen eine Weiterbildung lagen in deren Kosten/Dauer, Gründe dafür im eigenen Interesse und der großen Nachfrage.
Schlussfolgerung Zur Verbesserung der Versorgungsqualität sollte über mehr Transparenz und eine mögliche Umgestaltung der Weiterbildungssysteme diskutiert werden.
Anchored Pd(0) Nanoparticles on Synthetic Talc for the Synthesis of Biaryls and a Precursor of Angiotensin II Inhibitors
Authors: Domingues Nelson Luís C. , dos Santos Beatriz F. , da Silva Beatriz A. L. , de Oliveira Aline R. , Sarragiotto Maria H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction is one of the most important and efficient reactions to prepare a variety of organic compounds, including biaryls. Despite the overwhelming number of reports related to this topic, some methodological difficulties persist in terms of catalyst handling, recovery, and reuse, as well as the reaction media. This work reports the rational design of new, efficient, cost-effective, and reusable palladium catalysts supported on synthetic talc for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction. From the results, key points were identified: both designed catalysts accelerated the reaction in EtOH and an open-flask setup, affording moderate to excellent yields within a short time (e.g., 30 min) even for deactivated aryl halides; the protocol can be applied to a great number of both cross-coupling partners, showing an excellent functional group tolerance; the catalysts can be recovered and reused without significant loss of activity. This protocol was used for the synthesis of a precursor of angiotensin II inhibitors such as valsartan, losartan, irbesartan, and telmisartan.
Homoeopathic Treatment of Oesophageal Candidiasis: A Case Report
Authors: Verma Preeti , Ghosh Palas , Srivastava Birendra Prasad , Banerjee Aniruddha 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe most prevalent cause of infectious oesophagitis is oesophageal candidiasis. Of patients that have infectious oesophagitis, 88% are from Candida albicans. Candida infections of the oesophagus are considered opportunistic infections and are seen most commonly in immunosuppressed patients. A case is presented in this article with radiological evidence of Candida infection noted in the oesophagus with positive rapid urease test. Malignancy and HIV were excluded. The patient was treated with constitutional homoeopathic medicine Nux Vomica 0/1, 16 doses, up to Nux Vomica 0/4, 16 doses each. Follow-up imaging at 5 months showed complete resolution of the oesophageal candidiasis. This case report suggests homoeopathic treatment as a promising complementary or alternative therapy and emphasises the need of repertorisation in individualised homoeopathic prescription.
Central Pancreatectomy with Roux-en-Y Pancreaticojejunal Anastomosis—Report of Two Cases
Authors: Moureletou Roza Panagis , Kalliouris Dimitrios , Manesis Konstantinos , Theodoroleas Sotirios , Bistaraki Angeliki , Boubousis George , Nikou Efstathios 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Central pancreatectomy (CP), a partial resection of the pancreas, is indicated for the excision of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the pancreas, when located at the neck or the proximal body. Specifically, CP is preferable in functional NET and in nonfunctional sized 1 to 2 cm or/with proliferation marker Ki67 < 20% (Grade I/II). Postoperative leakage from the remaining pancreas constitutes the most frequent complication of CP (up to 63%). The aim of our study was to share the experience of our center in CP for NET, with pancreaticojejunal anastomosis.
Methods In 1 year, we performed CP in two patients, following the aforementioned criteria. They presented with tumor of the body of the pancreas, which was found in random check with computed tomography, with negative hormonal blood tests and they underwent magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic ultrasound/fine-needle biopsy/pathological examination.
Results The patients underwent CP with Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunal anastomosis of the distal pancreatic stump and jejunal patch of the proximal pancreatic stump. Histological exam revealed NET sized 2.8 cm and 1.45 cm, Grade I and II, respectively. Postoperatively both patients developed small pancreatic leakage, which did not affect their physical condition and stopped after 20 and 30 days. No one needed pancreatic enzymes supplements or developed new-onset diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion CP provided adequate, functional remaining pancreatic tissue in both patients. Small leakages were treated conservatively and retreated without septic complications. As a result, CP might be considered as safe and effective technique for pancreatic neck/proximal body NET.
X-linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets: Awareness, Knowledge, and Practice of Pediatric Endocrinologists in Arab Countries
Authors: Deeb Asma , Juraibah Fahad Al , Dubayee Muhammad Al , Habeb Abdelhadi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractX-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLHR) is a genetic disease caused by inactivating pathogenic variants in PHEX, which results in reduced mineralization of bone, teeth, and renal phosphate wasting. XLHR is traditionally treated by phosphate and vitamin D analogs. Recently, burosumab, a recombinant anti-fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) monoclonal antibody was approved as specific XLHR therapy. We aimed to assess the awareness, knowledge, and management of XLHR among members of the Arab Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (ASPED). Of the 97 physicians who answered the online questionnaire, 97% were aware of XLHR, and while 90% screen family members of the index case, only 29% manage children with XLHR. In children with rickets, 40% of participants measure serum/urine phosphate routinely, and 31% request serum FGF-23 in suspected XLHR cases. Almost all responders use conventional XLHR therapy, and 4% used Burosomab. Only 14% were satisfied with the conventional treatment, and 69% reported therapeutic complications in up to 25% of their patients. Multidisciplinary care for XLHR is practiced by 94%, but 82% of providers did not have transition clinics. Pediatric endocrinologists in ASPED countries are aware of XLHR but have variable practice and are unsatisfied with its conventional treatment. Raising awareness of the recognition and modern management of XLHR is needed.