bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Access to and Utilization of Endocrine Therapy Among Breast Cancer Survivors in Botswana
Authors: Wester James R. , Wagner Rachel B. , Motladiile Bosa , Nkele Isaac , Chinyepi Nkhabe , Makhema Moeketsi J. , Friebel-Klingner Tara M. , Vuylsteke Peter , Lockman Shahin , Dryden-Peterson Scott , Kohler Racquel E. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female cancer worldwide, and the burden is increasing across sub-Saharan Africa. For women with hormone receptor–positive (HR+) cancers, endocrine therapy (ET) taken for 5-10 years can reduce the risk of recurrence by half. We explored experiences with ET and barriers to utilization among survivors in Botswana.

METHODS
We recruited women with nonmetastatic disease from a survivorship cohort who had undergone mastectomy within 1-5 years for semi-structured interviews to explore experiences with treatment. This thematic content analysis focused on ET, so the sample included women with HR+ cancer who should have received ET and HR− women who reported taking ET.

RESULTS
We analyzed interviews with 19 women (mean age 54 years, 42% stage I/II, 58% stage III). Three key themes were identified: (1) limited provider counseling, (2) challenges refilling prescriptions at public pharmacies, and (3) high medication and transportation costs associated with private pharmacies. Subthemes included immunohistochemistry result communication, lack of knowledge, frequent public pharmacy stockouts, inconvenient prescription refill policies, and medication switching and discontinuation, especially among participants with low socioeconomic positions (SEPs). Women's persistence, SEP, and financial support facilitated refills. Although some experienced side effects, they were not a common reason for discontinuation.

CONCLUSION
BC survivors in Botswana face multilevel barriers to accessing and adhering to ET. Provider and health system improvements are needed to effectively communicate ET importance and increase access to consistently available and affordable medication.
Clinical Utility of Genomic Sequencing for Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Shickh Salma , Mighton Chloe , Clausen Marc , Sam Jordan , Hirjikaka Daena , Reble Emma , Graham Tracy , Panchal Seema , Eisen Andrea , Elser Christine , Schrader Kasmintan A. , Baxter Nancy N. , Laupacis Andreas , Lerner-Ellis Jordan , Kim Raymond H. , Bombard Yvonne ,   on behalf of the Incidental Genomics Study Team, Bombard Yvonne , Armel Susan Randall , Aronson Melyssa , Baxter Nancy N. , Bond Kenneth , Capo-Chichi José-Mario , Carroll June C. , Caulfield Timothy , Clausen Marc , Clifford Tammy J. , Cohn Iris , Dhalla Irfan , Earle Craig C. , Eisen Andrea , Elser Christine , Evans Michael , Glogowski Emily , Graham Tracy , Greenfeld Elena , Hamilton Jada G. , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee , Kastner Monika , Kim Raymond H. , Laupacis Andreas , Lerner-Ellis Jordan , Morel Chantal F. , Mujoomdar Michelle , Noor Abdul , Offit Kenneth , Panchal Seema , Robson Mark E. , Scherer Stephen W. , Scheer Adena , Schrader Kasmintan A. , Sullivan Terrence , Thorpe Kevin E. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Genomic sequencing (GS) is increasingly used to improve diagnoses and inform targeted therapies. GS can also be used to identify the 10% of cancer patients with an underlying hereditary cancer syndrome (HCS), who can benefit from surveillance and preventive surgery that reduce morbidity/mortality. However, the evidence on clinical utility of GS for HCS is limited: we aimed to fill this gap by assessing yield of all cancer results and associated recommendations for patients undergoing GS for HCS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

An observational chart review and survey were conducted for cancer patients with previous uninformative cancer gene panel results, who received GS as part of the Incidental Genomics Trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT03597165
). Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and clinical history. Proportions were calculated to compare frequencies of result types and recommendations made and followed.

RESULTS

A total of 276 patients were eligible and included. Participants were mostly female (n = 240), European (n = 158), and with breast cancer history (n = 168). Yield: 25 patients (9.1%) received ≥1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant, 246 (89%) received ≥1 variant of uncertain significance (VUS), and 27 (10%) were negative. Most pathogenic variants (20/26) were in low/moderate cancer risk genes. The mean number of VUS was 2.7/patient and higher in non-Europeans versus Europeans (3.5
v
2.5,
P
< .05). Recommendations: Pathogenic variants triggered 100 recommendations in 21/25 patients; most were for genetic counseling, communication to relatives, and cascade testing.

CONCLUSION
GS provided a modest increase in utility after first-tier cancer gene panels, at the cost of a high frequency of uncertain results. Furthermore, most positives were low/moderate cancer risk results that did not have corresponding evidence-based, management guidelines.
A Gaze on Black Joy
Authors: Barracks Chaz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This essay presents a theory of con-artistry as a queer practice of Black joy that claims relational and material abundance in the face of tropes of deviance and conditions of austerity. Drawing on auto-theory and describes how media-making can foment Black pleasure and institutional critique, it includes a discussion of the author's 2020 film Everyday Black Matter as a documentation of radical Black gathering in Richmond, Virginia. The film centers nuanced conversations about Black joy as a critical practice and the subversive efforts some are willing to undergo to secure it. Inspired by their theories of aesthetics, deviance, and femme worldmaking, the author collaborated with Jillian Hernandez, whose contribution “Ca$h App Connectivities” is included in this issue, to develop a conversation that centers everyday Black matter and extended well beyond the pages of this journal.
Corpsing the Frame
Authors: Sheehan Rebecca A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Choreographer Ligia Lewis's first video-based piece, deader than dead (2021) was initially conceived as a performance to be staged in the Los Angeles Hammer Museum but was translated to video when the COVID-19 pandemic closed museums for in-person viewing. The piece deploys split frames that display different video channels, embracing a multiplicity of viewpoints. Lewis uses cinema's mobile frame to unfastens the fixed viewpoint of theatrical performance and explore “corpsing” (when falling out of a role exposes the limits of performance) as an indictment of the condition of black social death. Inspired by David Marriott's essay on “corpsing,” deader than dead's “falling out of character” (Lewis's dancers literally fall to the floor, find themselves revived, and then fall again) revels in and reveals the repeated performance of black life as death to be both the foundation and fate of the contemporary world. This article leans on Jordan Peele's Get Out (2016), one of Lewis's favorite horror films, and the use of dance in his later Us (2019) to illuminate how deader than dead locates and exploits the fugitivity of bad faith, particularly the bad faith of antiracist gestures that perpetuate social foundations of antiblackness. At the same time, viewing deader than dead through Sybil Newton Cooksey's concept of “revenant motion” helps clarify how Lewis deploys uncanny animation that ruptures the continuity of performances of racial equality acted out over a reality of social life predicated on antiblackness.
Defending Rumba in Havana
Authors: Berry Maya J. 
Published: December 2024

In Defending Rumba in Havana, anthropologist and dancer Maya J. Berry examines rumba as a way of knowing the embodied and spiritual dimensions of Black political imagination in post-Fidel Cuba. Historically a Black working-class popular dance, rumba, Berry contends, is a method of Black Cuban struggle that provides the community, accountability, sustenance, and dignity that neither the state nor the expanding private market can. Berry’s feminist theorization builds on the notion of the undercommons to show how rumba creates a space in which its practitioners enact deeply felt and dedicatedly defended choreographies of reciprocity, refusal, sovereignty, devotion, and pleasure, both on stage and in their daily lives. Berry demonstrates that this Black corporeal undercommons emphasizes mutual aid and refuses neoliberal development logics, favoring instead a collective self-determination rooted in African diasporic spiritual practices through which material compensation and gendered power dynamics are negotiated. By centering rumba to analyze how poor Black Cubans navigate gendered and racialized life, Berry helps readers better understand the constraints and yearnings that move diasporic Black struggles to seek refuge beyond the bounds of the nation-state.
Duke University Press Scholars of Color First Book Award
Epilepsy Surgery for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Africa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Darko Kwadwo , Tenkorang Pearl Ohenewaa , Asiedu Olivia , Yevudza W. Elorm , Issah Salim , Dzantor Eyako , Tahiru Marjidah , Wireko Andrew Awuah , O'Leary Sean , Barrie Umaru , Weiss Hannah , Totimeh Teddy , Banson Mabel 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Nearly one-third of individuals with epilepsy have drug-resistant epilepsy, treated most effectively with surgery. This study aims to discuss the demographic profile, surgical access, and strategies used in drug-resistant epilepsy in Africa.

METHODS:
A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Web of Science in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.

RESULTS:
Nine studies encompassing 498 patients from 6 African countries (Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tunisia, and Uganda) were included. The mean Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies score for these articles was 9.6 ± 1.6. The average patient age was 24.9 years (95% CI: 18.9-30.8 years), with a male predominance of 53.4%. The average age of seizure onset was 10.4 years (95% CI: 6.1-14.7 years). Most patients experienced focal onset seizures (73.1%), with head trauma (33.1%) being the most reported risk factor. The predominant etiologies were hippocampal sclerosis (66.8%, 95% CI: 42.7-91), microdysgenesis (26.7%, 95% CI: 20.7-32.7), and brain tumors (22.3%, 95% CI: 6.4-38.2). Lesions were primarily located in the left hemisphere (61.9%, 95% CI: 26.7-97.1), with temporal lobe involvement in 54.8% of cases (95% CI: 28.7-80.8). Temporal lobectomy was the most frequently performed surgery (59.6%), followed by lesionectomy (9.6%). Postoperatively, 80.6% of patients achieved Engel class I outcomes, indicating seizure freedom, and long-term follow-up (1 to 5 years) showed that 70.3% maintained Engel class I outcomes. Surgical complications were reported in 8.8% of cases.

CONCLUSION:
These findings demonstrate the efficacy and long-term benefits of epilepsy surgery in Africa, where epilepsy is a significant public health challenge. The high rates of seizure freedom and reduced seizure frequency from surgery highlight its potential to improve the quality of life for individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy in Africa.
Life table estimates for the land snail Cryptaustenia ovata (H. F. Blanford, 1871) occurring in India
Authors: Chakraborty Anupam , Mandal Suparna , Nandy Gargi , Aditya Gautam 
Published: December 2024

The life history features of the land snail Cryptaustenia ovata (H. F. Blanford, 1871) (Stylommatophora: Helicarionidae) were evaluated, highlighting growth and reproduction. Increase in body weight, longevity, age at first reproduction, and fecundity were assessed using multiple individual cohorts in rearing duration. The growth pattern of C. ovata fitted well with the von Bertalanffy growth equation. A maximum life span of 205 days was observed for C. ovata with a mean life expectancy of 58.63 ± 1.99 days. The life expectancy (ex) of 0-day-old snails was 34.58 days, and on the day before death, the life expectancy was 1.3 days. Time to first reproduction varied between 78 and 111 days after hatching, and the oviposition period between 9 and 62 days. A peak oviposition was observed between the 16th and 17th week of the life span. The pooled net reproductive rate (R0), cohort generation time (Tc), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) were estimated as 64.614, 104.176 days, 0.017, and 1.043, respectively. C. ovata exhibited high mortality during the early age of the life history and was characterised by early reproductive maturity and rapid growth rate. Information on the life history traits of C. ovata will help delineate management strategies for its population regulation.
Duchowni i mieszczanie. Kler niższy w społeczeństwie późnośredniowiecznych miast pruskich
Authors: Sumowski Marcin 
Published: December 2024

„Czy średniowieczny duchowny mógł być jednocześnie mieszczaninem? Sprzeczność tego pytania jest tylko pozorna. Wynika ze stereotypowego przekonania o nieruchomej strukturze społeczeństwa średniowiecznego, sztywno podzielonego na ściśle odseparowane stany. Tymczasem problem ówczesnej przynależności społecznej nie jest wymysłem współczesnego historyka. Pytanie czy kapłan jest mieszczaninem zadawali już średniowieczni rajcy. Znalazło się ono w zestawie problemów prawno-ustrojowych, przesłanych do rozstrzygnięcia radzie Magdeburga. Miało ono swój ściśle określony kontekst, związany z problemem występowania kleru przed miejskim sądem. Gdy jednak spojrzymy na nie szerzej, w kulturowym sensie, nabiera znaczenia ogólnego, jako pytanie o miejsce kleru w środowisku mieszczańskim. Normy kościelne opowiadały się za ścisłym rozróżnieniem duchownych od świeckich, zaś zarządzenia miejskie starały się redukować tę odrębność. Odpowiedź na postawione pytanie kształtowała dynamika relacji między tymi dwoma spojrzeniami”.

Z Przedmowy
Understanding HIV – A guide for primary care nurses
Authors: Peate Ian 
Published: December 2024

The treatment and management of patients with HIV and AIDS has made huge progress, with clinicians now often managing the condition alongside coexisting long terms needs and the frailty of old age. This article provides an insight into Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). A brief overview of HIV is offered along with a discussion of the virus, a definition and the basic biology of HIV, its structure and types. The lifecycle of the virus is outlined as well as its impact on the immune system and how HIV affects the body. The importance of HIV testing in early detection and prevention is described. Introduction to ART and its significance is provided.
EVALUATION OF MATERIAL LOSS IN FIXED-BEARING UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY POLYETHYLENE INSERTS
Authors: Bhalekar Rohan , Wells Stephen , Nargol Matthew , Nargol Antoni , Waller Susan , Wildberg Linda , Sidaginamale Raghavendra , Langton David J 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesUnicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) is a conservative option for degenerative disease, with mobile (Oxford UKR) and fixed bearing (Physica ZUK) the most commonly used devices. The primary reasons for revising UKRs include disease progression (36.9%), loosening (31.7%), and pain (7.5%). Loosening typically occurs due to osteolysis caused by wear particles from the polyethylene (PE) inserts. There is limited published literature which has quantified volumetric material loss from the PE inserts of cemented fixed-bearing UKRs. This study aimed to quantify bearing wear and backside deformation of these PE components.Design and MethodsAt our national retrieval centre, we measured changes volumetric bearing wear and backside deformation of 31 explanted fixed-bearing Physica ZUK UKR PE inserts using a peer-reviewed methodology based on coordinate measuring machine analysis. These explants had been revised for any indication [Females (19) and Males (12)]. The location of the wear scars was identified and mapped. We compared the volumetric wear from the bearing surface with contemporary total knee replacement (TKR) inserts.ResultsThe median (IQR) total volumetric wear of the UKR PEs [96(50-152) mm3] was significantly higher (p<0.001) than contemporary TKR PEs [40 (24-83) mm3]. The median (IQR) total volumetric wear of the PEs in males [148(122-200) mm3] was significantly higher(p=0.016) than in females [56(61-119) mm3]. The wear scars were situated in the anterior third in 61% of cases, with 26% located posteriorly. Examination of the PE backside surfaces exhibited damage in the area directly inferior to the bearing surface wear scar in the majority of cases.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study highlights significant PE wear of Physica ZUK UKR inserts, with higher wear rates compared to contemporary TKR inserts, particularly in males.
PREGNANCY AND IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS: A TEN-YEAR COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF INTRA-PARTUM OUTCOMES
Authors: Mirza K , Austine J , Chopra J , Monzur R , El-Labany C , Ingham L , Swamy G 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo determine whether patients with scoliosis, treated with or without surgery, are at higher risk of needing caesarean section. To determine whether patients with scoliosis, treated with or without surgery, have increased intra-partum obstetric analgesic requirements.Design and MethodsRetrospective cohort study wherein obstetric outcomes were analysed in women with scoliosis in a tertiary teaching hospital. Women with scoliosis were identified using the high-risk obstetric anaesthesia register. Data was collected between May 2013 to April 2023.ResultsWe identified 39 women with corrected scoliosis. 38 patients in the scoliosis correction group and 112 patients in the uncorrected scoliosis group were analysed. Within the corrected group, 11 patients underwent lower segment caesarean section, for obstetric reasons. There were 5 GA's administered in the group, all in patients that had rods finishing at or below L3 level. All other patients underwent successful regional anaesthesia. BMI ranged between 17 and 30, with only two patients with a BMI more than 30. In the uncorrected group, 34 underwent LSCS, all for obstetric indications. There were 2 GA administrations for failure of epidural top up. Six patients underwent two LSCS in this period and one patient underwent three. The rest of LSCSs were under regional anaesthesia. BMI range in this group was between 18 to 30 with only two patients having a BMI between 31 to 36. In the corrected group, 16 patients had no analgesia during labour and in the uncorrected group 39 had no analgesia for labour. Epidural requirement in the corrected group was 23% and in the uncorrected group was 33%ConclusionIn our cohort, the rate of LSCS was 28% and 30% in the corrected and uncorrected scoliosis groups respectively. Our unit's average rate of LSCS in the non-scoliosis women has increased over the decade, from 28% to 45% in line with the national data. In conclusion, the need for LSCS were comparable or even lesser in the scoliosis groups and administration of regional anaesthesia or a general anaesthesia was determined by the level of lowest instrumented vertebra
TRIVECTOR ARTHROTOMY FOR TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY: A “GATEWAY” FOR ALL KNEES
Authors: Shah Dhruv , Shah Ashit 
Published: December 2024

Introduction & AimDuring TKR it is mandatory to achieve perfect soft tissue balance and component alignment. It is necessary to access all tight structures for proper releases. We aim to analyze the results of Trivector arthrotomy approach for TKRs.MethodsIt is a retrospective study of 1050 cases between 2010-2020. All cases were performed by a single surgeon. Approach includes dividing distal 30% of vastus medialis along with medial retinaculum - 1cm medial to patella and patellar tendon distally up to Tibial tuberosity and raised as a single flap.Results656 cases Varus + FFD, 305 Varus, 60 Valgus, 24 hyperextension deformity & 5 neutral alignment cases were included. Results showed 87% patients at postop day-1 and 96% by day-4 regained ability to perform unassisted SLR. 4% had 5-to-10-degree quadriceps lag at discharge & recovered to neutral by 4 weeks. The surgical field was adequate in all cases. KSS score improved from Pre op of 56 (38-71) to a post op of 89 (84-95). All patients by day 10 were walking unaided or with a single cane in case of Bilateral TKRs. Medial parapatellar arthrotomy divides the quadriceps tendon. The alteration in various vectors of Quadriceps can change the balance and laterally mal-track the patella. Incidence of Lateral release is higher with this. Mid and subvastus approaches are non-extensile and have poor visibility during surgery increasing risk of malalignment. Trivector arthrotomy is extensile and retains 70% strength of vastus medialis. At closure, the quads mechanism is perfectly aligned, reducing the incidence of lateral mal-tracking and lateral release.ConclusionThe extensile nature of the approach and minimal disruption of the quadriceps mechanism encourages us to use this approach for all cases. It is a true “Gateway.”
Using the SEIQR model with epidemic amplifier effect to predict the final outbreak size of the COVID-19 in Dalian, Liaoning province, China
Authors: An Qingyu , Wu Jun , Chen Wen hui 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
Early in the outbreak, to predict the final size of the COVID-19 outbreak in Dalian, Liaoning province, China, the finding can be used to provide a scientific reference for timely adjustment of prevention and control strategies.

Methods
Data from COVID-19 patients were collected from August 26 to September 14 2022. Early in the outbreak, a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Quarantine-Recovered (SEIQR) dynamics model with an epidemic amplifier effect, based on the basic model, was developed to fit the data and predict the final size of the COVID-19 outbreak in Dalian, Liaoning province, China. The mean absolute relative error(MARE), root mean squared error(RMSE) and mean absolute error(MAE) were used to assess the predictive capacity of the model.

Results
From 26 August to 14 September 2022, 1132 confirmed cases and infected asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 (558 males and 574 females) were reported in Dalian. There were two epidemic amplifiers in this outbreak, namely, T Market and H Hotel. The outbreak size predicted by the combined application of the SEIQR model with these two amplifiers is 1168.34 cases, and MARE, RMSE and MAE compared to the actual value from September 1 to 14 is 1.894%, 21.473 and 17.492 respectively According to the fitting results of the basic SEIQR model, if there was no epidemic amplifier in this outbreak, the final outbreak size was 349.96 cases, which means that the T Market and H Hotel increased 822 infections through amplification.

Conclusions
Early in the outbreak, it was effective and reliable to use the SEIQR transmission dynamics model with the amplifier effect to predict the final size of the COVID-19 outbreak in Dalian, Liaoning province, China, and the result can provide a theoretical basis for the early closing of the COVID-19 epidemic amplifier sites. Furthermore, the epidemic amplifier effect added to the model can solve the homogeneous mixing hypothesis problem that does not match the actual spread of infectious diseases but commonly used by researchers in the construction process of the dynamic model.