bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involving community pharmacists in transfer of care from hospital: Indications of reduced 30-day hospital readmission rates for patients in Cornwall
Authors: Wilcock Michael , Sibley Andrew , Blackwell Richard , Kluettgens Bettina , Robens Sarah , Bastian Liam 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine any benefit from a discharge transfer of care service from hospital to community pharmacy.

Method
A cross-sectional cohort design was used to compare actioned and non-actioned transfers of care.

Key Findings
Of the 1130 transfers of care referrals to pharmacies in 2017, 365 patients received an actioned community pharmacy service after discharge. The 30-day readmission rate was 8.5% (31/365) in those who received an actioned community pharmacist service compared to 23.3% (178/765) in those who did not. Odds ratio for readmission at 30 days was 3.26 (95% CI 2.04 to 4.59, P &lt; 0.0001), significantly higher in those not receiving an actioned transfer of care service.

Conclusion
Involving community pharmacy at patient discharge appears to contribute to lower rates of readmission.
The effectiveness of music therapy for patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Yanfei , Xing Xin , Shi Xiue , Yan Peijing , Chen Yajing , Li Meixuan , Zhang Weiyi , Li Xiuxia , Yang Kehu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsTo assess the effectiveness of music therapy on the quality of life, anxiety, depression and pain of patients with cancer.DesignSystematic review.Data SourcesFive electronic databases were searched in September 2018 for randomized controlled trials evaluating music therapy for patients with cancer.Review MethodsThe quality of the studies was assessed using the risk of bias tool recommended by the Cochrane Handbook Version 5.1.0 and the Revman version 5.3 software was used to perform the meta‐analysis. The outcomes were overall quality of life, anxiety, depression and pain.ResultsA total of 19 trials evaluating 1,548 patients were included in this study, of which 765 were in the control group and 783 in the experimental group. Compared with standard care, music therapy can significantly increase the score of the overall quality of life in patients with cancer. In addition, music therapy was found to be more effective for decreasing the score of anxiety, depression and pain.ConclusionMusic therapy can improve the overall quality of life of patients with cancer, with an observed optimal intervention duration of 1–2 months. Meanwhile, anxiety, depression and pain are improved as well. Nevertheless, high‐quality trials are still needed to further determine the effects of music intervention in supportive cancer care.
Advanced Nurse Practitioners' (Emergency) perceptions of their role, positionality and professional identity: A narrative inquiry
Authors: Kerr Lisa , Macaskill Ann 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsTo explore Advanced Nurse Practitioners' (ANP) (Emergency) perceptions of their role, positionality and professional identity.BackgroundAdvanced nursing practice was formally established in the Republic of Ireland in 2001 with 336 ANPs currently registered, projection increasing to a critical mass of 750 by 2021. Advanced practitioners (Emergency) give full emergency care for a specific cohort of clients with unscheduled, undifferentiated and undiagnosed conditions.DesignQualitative narrative inquiry using Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, field and capital as the theoretical framework was undertaken.MethodsData were collected in 10 in‐depth interviews and thematic analysis applied.ResultsFive key themes emerged: participants' career pathways, personal and professional transitions, role dimensions and core concepts, and position in the organization and emergent professional identity. Role transitioning and a change in habitus, field and capital revealed the uniqueness of their nursing role. Minimizing waiting times, timely patient care and patient satisfaction were key performance indicators. A heightened awareness regarding higher‐level decision‐making, autonomy and accountability is integral to advanced practice.ConclusionThis study presents unique insights into the ANP role covering recruitment, organizational culture changes required and support to ease transition emerged.ImpactBetter understanding the motivation to undertake the role, the transition experience and use of advanced practice skills sets will inform the targets for the future recruitment and retention of ANPs are met nationally and internationally. Dissatisfaction with previous management roles and wanting to be clinically close to patients were motivations to follow an advanced practice clinical career trajectory. Positionality and emergent professional identity are key enablers ensuring that advanced practitioners' roles demonstrate the attributes of advanced practice. Educators could use the findings to develop recruitment, retention and progression strategies. Disseminating the role and scopes of practice could positively influence collaborative models of service delivery and policy development.
Platelets as inflammatory mediators in a murine model of periodontitis
Authors: Zhan Yalin , Lu Ruifang , Meng Huanxin , Hou Jianxia , Huang Wenxue , Wang Xian'e , Hu Wenjie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate the role of platelets during the development of ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis in mice.Materials and MethodsExperimental periodontitis was induced by placement of sterilized 5‐0 cotton ligatures around the maxillary and mandibular second molars of C57BL/6 wild‐type mice. Flow cytometry was used to analyse platelet activation and platelet–leucocyte aggregate formation, and histologic analysis was used to evaluate inflammation and localization of platelets and leucocytes in periodontal tissues during the development of experimental periodontitis and in experimental periodontitis with and without antiplatelet drug treatment.ResultsExperimental periodontitis induced platelet activation and platelet–leucocyte interaction. Platelets and leucocytes gradually infiltrated in inflammatory gingival tissues during the development of experimental periodontitis. The inhibition of platelet activation via drug therapy led to significant inhibition of leucocyte migration and marked reduction in periodontal inflammation.ConclusionThis study revealed that platelets are critical for inflammation and tissue injury in periodontitis and serve as mediators of inflammation in periodontal tissue.
Cybervictimization in adolescence and its association with subsequent suicidal ideation/attempt beyond face‐to‐face victimization: a longitudinal population‐based study
Authors: Perret Lea C. , Orri Massimiliano , Boivin Michel , Ouellet‐Morin Isabelle , Denault Anne‐Sophie , Côté Sylvana M. , Tremblay Richard E. , Renaud Johanne , Turecki Gustavo , Geoffroy Marie‐Claude 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundCross‐sectional associations have been documented between cybervictimization and suicidal risk; however, prospective associations remain unclear.MethodsParticipants were members of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD), a prospective birth cohort of 2,120 individuals followed from birth (1997/98) to age 17 years (2014/15). Cybervictimization and face‐to‐face victimization experienced since the beginning of the school year, as well as serious suicidal ideation and/or suicide attempt were self‐reported at ages 13, 15 and 17 years.ResultsIn cross‐sectional analyses at 13, 15 and 17 years, adolescents cybervictimized at least once had, respectively, 2.3 (95% CI = 1.64–3.19), 4.2 (95% CI = 3.27–5.41) and 3.5 (95% CI = 2.57–4.66) higher odds of suicidal ideation/attempt after adjusting for confounders including face‐to‐face victimization, prior mental health symptoms and family hardship. Sensitivity analyses suggested that cybervictimization only and both cyber‐ and face‐to‐face victimization were associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation/attempt compared to face‐to‐face victimization only and no victimization; however, analyses were based on small n. In prospective analyses, cybervictimization was not associated with suicidal ideation/attempt 2 years later after accounting for baseline suicidal ideation/attempt and other confounders. In contrast, face‐to‐face victimization was associated with suicidal ideation/attempt 2 years later in the fully adjusted model, including cybervictimization.ConclusionsThe cross‐sectional association between cybervictimization and suicidal ideation/attempt is independent from face‐to‐face victimization. The absence of a prospective association suggested short‐term effects of cybervictimization on suicidal ideation/attempt.
Early pubertal timing predicts onset and recurrence of depressive episodes in boys and girls
Authors: Hamlat Elissa J. , McCormick Kathleen C. , Young Jami F. , Hankin Benjamin L. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundRecurrent depressive episodes during adolescence result in significant impairment and increased risk for subsequent adverse outcomes throughout the life span. Evidence suggests that early pubertal timing predicts the onset of depressive episodes (particularly for girls); however, it is not known if pubertal timing prospectively predicts recurrent depressive episodes in youth.MethodsAt baseline, 603 youth (56% female, at baseline: Mage = 12.09, SD = 2.35) reported on their pubertal development. Youth and their parents completed a semistructured diagnostic interview to assess depressive episodes at baseline and then evaluated for onset repeatedly every 6 months for a period of 36 months.ResultsControlling for past history of depression, Cox proportional hazards models examined whether earlier pubertal timing predicted (a) days to first depressive episode from baseline and (b) days to a second (recurrent) depressive episode from the end of the first episode. Early pubertal timing predicted the onset of the first depressive episode after baseline (b = .19, Wald = 5.36, p = .02, HR = 1.21), as well as a recurrent episode during course of study follow‐up episode (b = .32, Wald = 6.16, p = .01, HR = 1.38).ConclusionsFindings reinforce the importance of considering the impact of early pubertal timing on depression risk. Investigation on how pubertal timing interacts with other risk factors to predict depression recurrence is needed.
Effect of peeling treatment on the physicochemical properties of quinoa flour
Authors: Wang Ying , Gong Xue , Zhang Yu , Geng Dong‐Hui , Cao Longkui , Ruan Changqing , Yu Lihe , Zhang Dongjie , Tong Li‐Tao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo explore the effects of peeling treatment on the properties of quinoa flour, changes in the physical and chemical properties of quinoa flour before and after peeling treatment and the existing grinding process (full and traditional flour) were carried out. The peeling treatment reduced the contents of saponins, phytic acids, ash, and insoluble dietary fiber, but the protein, starch and soluble dietary fiber contents increased compared to full flour (p < .05). The peeling treatment increased the contents of total phenol and mineral elements compared to traditional flour (p < .05). The water‐holding capacity, transparency, freeze–thaw stability, and condensation characteristics of the peeled quinoa flour increased compared with full flour and traditional flour (p < .05). Similarly, reconstituability, and processing quality were all significantly improved compared to full flour and traditional flour (p < .05), even though some indexes were better than traditional flour. After extrusion and puffing to make puffed flour, the agglomeration of the peeled flour and viscosity of the quinoa paste decreased and the dextrose equivalent value increased (p < .05). These results indicated that the peeling treatment retained more of the nutrients of quinoa flour and improved the processing characteristics of quinoa flour.Practical applicationsTo explore the effects of peeling treatment on the properties of quinoa flour, changes in the physical and chemical properties of quinoa flour before and after peeling treatment and the existing grinding process (full and traditional flour) were carried out. This study provided a theoretical basis for solving the contradiction between the poor taste of full flour and poor nutrition of traditional flour in quinoa processing products, to retain the maximum nutrient composition of quinoa, and to improve the taste, color, and texture of the product.
The Effect of the APOE ε2ε4 Genotype on the Development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in Non‐Latino Whites
Authors: Ren Dianxu , Lopez Oscar L. , Lingler Jennifer H. , Conley Yvette 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVESTo examine the associations of APOE ε2ε4 with the development of Alzheimerʼs disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in non‐Latino whites.DESIGNProspective longitudinal cohort study.SETTINGUniform Data Set from the National Alzheimerʼs Coordinating Center (NACC) between 2005 and August 2018 (data freeze in September 2018).PARTICIPANTSParticipants who were non‐Latino white, had an APOE genotype available, first visit with dementia free for AD cohort and both dementia and MCI free for MCI cohort, and had a minimum of one follow‐up visit (n = 11 871 for AD cohort, and n = 8305 for MCI cohort).MEASUREMENTSThe incidences of AD and MCI were determined based on consensus meetings at each Alzheimerʼs disease center. We used NACC‐derived variables to define individuals experiencing incidents of AD and MCI at the initial visit as well as the follow‐up visits.RESULTSAmong participants in the AD cohort (N = 11 871), ε2ε4 accounted for 2.5%, ε2ε2 accounted for 0.4%, ε2ε3 accounted for 11.0%, ε4ε4 accounted for 4.4%, ε3ε4 accounted for 27.3%, and ε3ε3 accounted for 54.4%. Over an average of 4.6 years follow‐up, 1857 (15.6%) developed AD dementia, with the range from 6.0% to 35.2% across the six groups. Compared to ε3ε3 carriers, ε2ε4 carriers exhibited an increased risk of incident AD (18.4% vs 11.7%; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32‐2.30; P < .0001). Among participants in the MCI cohort (N = 8305), the average follow‐up was 4.7 years, and 1912 (23.0%) developed MCI, with the range from 20.4% to 33.9% across the six groups. Compared to ε3ε3 carriers, ε2ε4 carriers exhibited an increased risk of incident MCI (27.5% vs 21.5%; aHR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.15‐1.99; P = .003).CONCLUSIONSThe APOE ε2ε4 genotype is associated with the increased risk of AD and MCI in non‐Latino whites. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1044–1049, 2020
Effect of a hand massage with a warm hand bath on sleep and relaxation in elderly women with disturbance of sleep: A crossover trial
Authors: Kudo Yukiko , Sasaki Makiko 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimThe purpose of the present study was to clarify the effects of a hand massage with a warm hand bath on sleep, autonomic nervous activity, subjective sleep quality, and relaxation in elderly women with sleep disturbance.MethodsA crossover design was used. Participants were assigned to two groups: a structured control first and intervention second condition, or an intervention first and control second condition. The sleep index as assessed by actigraphy, autonomic nervous activity, subjective sleep quality, and relaxation was then recorded.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 77.8 ± 6.8 years (n = 28). According to the actigraph, the intervention day showed significantly improved sleep efficiency (p = .048) and sleep onset latency (p = .015). Regarding autonomic nervous activity, heart rate decreased significantly after the intervention (p = .001), but no significant differences were seen in the other indexes. Subjective sleep quality, which was investigated using the middle‐age and aged version of the Oguri–Shirakawa–Azumi sleep questionnaire, was significantly higher after the intervention for four out of five factors. Subjective comfort and relaxation were significantly higher after the intervention for all items.ConclusionsA hand massage with a warm hand bath in the evening improved sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency in elderly women with sleep disturbance. These results suggest that a hand bath and massage may improve subjective sleep quality and relaxation.
Scratches and grazes: a detailed microscopic analysis of trampling phenomena
Authors: COURTENAY L.A. , HUGUET R. , YRAVEDRA J. 
Published: February 2020

SummarySedimentary abrasion and postdepositional damage to fossil remains are of great interest if considering the possible distortion they could produce in the archaeological and paleontological record. Since their discovery, natural agents such as trampling phenomena have been a topic of great taphonomic interest. Nevertheless, the majority of investigation into these traces has focused almost exclusively on their differentiation from other anthropic agents such as cut marks. In recent years, advances into bone surface modification analysis via geometric morphometrics have proven useful for in‐depth characterization of different taphonomic traces; including cut, tooth and percussion marks. Through this, a preliminary study of trampling marks using advanced 3D digital microscopy was able to detect differences between what have since been known as scratch and graze marks. The present study expands from this, developing a more detailed analysis of these traces. Here, we use advanced data science techniques to provide a means of understanding trampling mark variations, contributing to our knowledge of site formation processes. Our results show how scratch and graze marks are a product of progressional decay and changes in cortical hardness, providing a new means of understanding taphonomic processes.Lay DescriptionThe study of microscopic bone surface modifications in archaeology and palaeontology is of great importance, allowing for a detailed reconstruction of the formation of a site and providing a means of interpreting the fossil register. The damage that sedimentary abrasion can produce, however, is likely to distort and influence these studies, thus requiring a detailed understanding of the different traces that can be found on different materials. Here, we use advanced 3D digital microscopy and pattern recognition algorithms to analyse the different marks produced in different sedimentological contexts, also controlling for other variables such as the state of the bone when buried, the type of bone and the time exposed to these types of damages. Through this detailed microscopic analysis of these types of damages, we are able to conclude that morphological variations in trampling marks are product of the state of decay when the bones are buried.
Comparative analysis of the body surface area calculation method used in vitiligo extent score vs the hand unit method used in vitiligo area severity index
Authors: Mogawer Rania M. , Mostafa Wedad Z. , Elmasry Maha Fathy 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo Area and Severity Index (VASI) is standing on the top of the cited and implemented scoring tools for vitiligo. However, an easily applicable and time‐saving tool has been a need.AimThis cross‐sectional study aimed at comparing the body surface area (BSA) calculation method used in Vitiligo Extent Score (VES) in comparison with the hand unit method used in VASI and to consider the implementation of VES as a user‐friendly tool by doctors as applied to observed clinical patterns of NSV in our population.MethodsFor each patient with NSV, vitiligo was assessed using both VES and VASI as well as vitiligo disease extent by hand units.ResultsVitiligo extent score and VASI scores showed a strong significant correlation. Both scores were found reliable in spite of the presence of unrepresented areas in the VES with tendency of the values for the BSA by the VES to be lower than that by hand units.ConclusionIn comparison with VASI, VES has proven to be a clear, user‐friendly score for vitiligo assessment. However, special concern is to be given for required modification for pediatric population. A slight modification may be required regarding the pediatric population.
Effectiveness of horticultural therapy in people with dementia: A quantitative systematic review
Authors: Zhao Yajie , Liu Yang , Wang Zhiwen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of horticultural therapy on cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement in people with dementia.BackgroundThe number of people with dementia is increasing rapidly, and nonpharmacological interventions such as horticultural therapy have been recommended as the first choice for these patients. Horticultural therapy involves participatory and ornamental horticultural therapy. Many original studies have examined the effectiveness of horticultural therapy in the last two decades. However, these studies vary in types of interventions, outcomes and measurement.DesignA quantitative systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThis systematic review was conducted under PRISMA guidelines. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi‐experimental studies involving horticultural therapy for people with dementia were included. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane's and Joanna Briggs Institute's tool. Reference lists and a relevant journal were searched. Meta‐analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.3. PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, BIOSIS Previews, Web of Science Core Collection, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, SinoMed, Cochrane Library and ProQuest Health & Medical Complete were searched. Studies from database inception to 1 July 2019 were included.ResultsThis systematic review included 14 studies (4 RCTs and 10 quasi‐experimental studies) involving 411 people with dementia. The results of meta‐analyses indicated that significant differences were found in the effectiveness of participatory horticultural therapy on total score of cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement, but not in the effectiveness of ornamental horticultural activities on agitation and positive emotion.ConclusionsThe existing evidence supports the effectiveness of participatory horticultural therapy on cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement. Future high‐quality original studies are needed to draw more robust conclusions.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results support the use of participatory horticultural therapy for improving cognitive function, agitation, positive emotion and engagement of people with dementia.