bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the reliability and validity of Functional Assessment Of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Spiritual Well‐Being‐Expanded in elderly patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases
Authors: Weng Nengyuan , Li Kainan , Lan Hai , Zhang Tao , Zhang Xiaojing , Gui Yongxia , Fu Xuefei , Liu Qixin 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe Functional Assessment Of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Spiritual Well‐Being‐Expanded (FACIT‐Sp‐Ex) scale can simultaneously evaluate the quality of life and spiritual health level of patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases. We performed the FACIT‐Sp‐Ex scale in Chinese, and tested its reliability and validity in patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases.MethodsThere were 249 patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases who were selected for the questionnaire survey. AMOS 23.0 and SPSS 25.0 were used for statistical analysis to calculate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the scale.ResultsThe Chinese version of FACIT‐Sp‐Ex scale showed that root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.06. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.83, the subscale was 0.72 ~ 0.82. The meaning, peace, relational subscales and total scale of the FACIT‐Sp‐Ex were negatively correlated with hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and positively correlated with health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). All four subdomains were inversely associated with HADS anxiety symptoms, the peace and relational subscales were inversely associated with HADS depressive symptoms. Elderly female patients score higher than male patients in faith subscale. The highest‐scoring disease in FACIT‐Sp‐Ex faith scale was osteoarthritis, which in FACIT‐Sp‐Ex total scale are piriformis syndrome and osteoarthritis.ConclusionThe Chinese version of FACIT‐Sp‐Ex scale has good reliability and validity, which can be used as an evaluation tool for the spiritual status and quality of life of Chinese elderly chronic orthopaedic patients.
Children's interpretation moderates relations of maternal autonomy support with sociability and assertiveness in China
Authors: Gao Dan , Liu Junsheng , Bullock Amanda , Chen Xinyin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis 1‐year longitudinal study investigated whether children's positive interpretations of maternal autonomy support moderated its relations with later sociability and assertiveness in China. Third to sixth graders (N = 889; 50.4% girls; Mage = 10.82 years, SD = 1.29) residing in Shanghai, P.R. China, reported maternal autonomy support and their interpretations of such parenting. Children's sociability was rated by teachers and assertiveness was assessed via peer nominations. Results indicated that child interpretations moderated the associations between maternal autonomy support and later sociability and assertiveness after controlling for their stabilities. For children with high levels of child‐beneficial interpretations, maternal autonomy support was positively associated with later sociability and assertiveness. However, for children with low or average levels of child‐beneficial interpretations, maternal autonomy support was not related to later sociability and assertiveness. Moreover, maternal autonomy support was positively related to later sociability for girls, but not for boys. The findings highlighted the possible role of children's interpretations in modulating the impact of mothers' autonomy support on social functioning.
Long‐term return and donation pattern of those who begin donating at different ages: A retrospective cohort analysis of blood donors in Australia
Authors: Priyono Agus , Masser Barbara M. , Dyda Amalie , Davison Tanya E. , Irving David O. , Karki Surendra 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study compared the likelihood of return to donate and donation rate ratio by age of donors at their first donation when followed up to 12 years.Study Design and MethodsDonation history of two cohorts of first‐time donors (those donating in 2007 and 2013) was extracted until March 2019 from Australian Red Cross Lifeblood's national database. Poisson regression analyses compared donor return and negative‐binomial regression estimated the rate ratio of donations.ResultsA total of 120 469 and 95 381 donors were included in the 2007 and 2013 cohorts, respectively. Compared to donors aged 20‐24 years, the likelihood of return in both cohorts increased consistently as age at first donation increased from 30‐years and above. Average number of whole‐blood and plasmapheresis donations increased as the age at first donation increased from 30‐years onward. The whole‐blood donation rate was highest for donors ≥60 years, while plasmapheresis donation rate was highest for donors aged 50‐59 years. These patterns were largely consistent when stratified by sex.ConclusionsTo continuously ensure the short‐ to mid‐term sufficiency of blood supply in Australia, targeted recruitment of donors aged 30‐years and above may be considered, however its feasibility and impact should be explored further given relatively smaller proportion of new donors are middle‐aged and older under current policies. Future studies with a longer follow‐up period are needed to examine whether the frequency of donation among those who start donating at a younger age increases later in their life when they are 30‐years or over.
Factors influencing inappropriate use of antibiotics in outpatient and community settings in China: a mixed-methods systematic review
Authors: Lin Leesa , Sun Ruyu , Yao Tingting , Zhou Xudong , Harbarth Stephan 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundFor decades, antibiotics have been excessively consumed around the world, contributing to increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and negatively impacting health outcomes and expenditures. Antibiotic use in China accounts for half of worldwide antibiotic consumption, which mainly takes place in outpatient and community settings, and often unnecessarily for self-limiting community-acquired infections. This study aimed to identify and assess factors of inappropriate use of antibiotics in the Chinese context to inform the development of interventions to mitigate inappropriate consumption in the absence of clinical indications.MethodsWe conducted a mixed-methods systematic review and included empirical studies with original data conducted in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan that investigated factors of antibiotic use in the community including outpatient care among patients, caregivers and prescribers. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Google Scholar and one Chinese database CNKI (China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database), using a combination of the key terms ‘antibiotic’, ‘antimicrobial’, ‘use’, ‘consumption’, ‘behaviour’, ‘prescribe’ and related syntax for all peer-reviewed publications published before June 2020. Health Belief Model was employed for data synthesis.FindingsFifty-four studies were included in the full-text review: 44 quantitative, 5 qualitative and 5 mixed-methods studies. Despite a high AMR awareness, public perception/misconception of antibiotic efficacy and easy access to antibiotics for self-limiting conditions drive inappropriate demand and use in the community including primary care setting. Providers’ prescribing behaviours are influenced by financial incentives, lack of diagnostic capacity and concerns over complications.ConclusionsInappropriate outpatient and community antibiotic use is influenced by non-biomedical factors at the individual, community, health system and societal levels in mainland China, contributing to a high antibiotic use rate. This study calls for context-tailored One Health interventions, restrictive antibiotic drug policy and multifaceted antibiotic stewardship programmes that simultaneously address drivers of inappropriate use from both the supply-side and demand-side within and beyond clinical settings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019139591.
Antithrombotic therapy and the risk of new-onset dementia in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wong Chun Ka , Huang Duo , Zhou Mi , Hai JoJo , Yue Wen Sheng , Li Wen-hua , Yin Li-Xue , Zuo Ming-Liang , Feng Ying Qing , Tan Ning , Chen Ji Yan , Kwan Joseph , Siu Chung Wah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Little is known about the relationship of antithrombotic therapy and the risk of dementia in patients with AF without clinical stroke.MethodThis was an observational study based on a hospital AF registry. Patients aged 65–85 years at the time of AF diagnosis were identified via the computerised database of the clinical management system. Patients with prior stroke or known cognitive dysfunction were excluded. The primary outcome was newly diagnosed dementia during the follow-up period.Results3284 patients (mean age 76.4±5.3 years, 51.6% male) were included for analysis. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.94±1.44. 18.5% patients were prescribed warfarin, 39.8% were prescribed aspirin and 41.7% were prescribed no antithrombotic therapy. After a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, 71 patients (2.2%) developed dementia, giving rise to an incidence of 0.61%/year. The incidence of dementia were 1.04%/year, 0.69%/year and 0.14%/year for patients on no therapy, aspirin and warfarin, respectively. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that age ≥75 years, female gender and high CHA2DS2-VASc score were associated with significantly higher risk of dementia; warfarin use was associated with significantly lower risk of dementia (HR: 0.14%, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.36, p&lt;0.001). Patients on warfarin with time in therapeutic range (TTR) ≥65% had a non-significant trend towards a lower risk of dementia compared with those with TTR &lt;65%.ConclusionIn elderly AF patients, warfarin therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of new-onset dementia compared those with no therapy or aspirin.
Effects of the Mediterranean diet adherence on body composition, blood parameters and quality of life in adults
Authors: Kalkuz Seyma , Demircan Ayça 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundIt has been reported that Mediterranean diet (MD) may improve quality of life and may reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), some neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to determine adults’ adherence to the MD and evaluate the effect of the adherence to the MD on anthropometric measurements, specific biochemical parameters and quality of life.MethodsA total of 142 volunteer adults were included. Food frequency questionnaire, MD adherence with 14-item scale, quality of life, anthropometric measurements via bioelectrical impedance analysis and certain blood parameters were evaluated.ResultsOut of 14 points, the mean MD adherence score of the participants was 6.89. The mean fat mass was significantly higher in those with low MD adherence (p=0.024). The results of other anthropometric measurements (except height) were higher in those with low MD adherence, though results were non-significant. The participants with high adherence to the MD had lower levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) (p=0.041), insulin (p=0.019) and triglyceride (TG) (p=0.012) compared with those with lower adherence. No significant relationship was found between the MD and quality of life and other blood parameters.ConclusionAccording to our study, MD adherence was associated with decreased fat mass, FBG, insulin and TG levels which suggests that the MD may be useful in the treatment of some chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and CVD. However, more clinical trials may be performed to determine the relationship between MD and chronic diseases.
Graphene-Wrapped FeOOH Nanorods with Enhanced Performance as Lithium-Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Sun Meng , Cui Zhipeng , Liu Huanqing , Li Sijie , Zhang Qingye , Sheng Xiaoli , Wang Yiqian 
Published: November 2020

FeOOH nanorods (NRs) wrapped by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were fabricated using a facile solvothermal method. When used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the FeOOH NRs/rGO composites show a higher capacity (490[Formula: see text]mAh g[Formula: see text] after 100 cycles at a current density of 100[Formula: see text]mA g[Formula: see text] and better rate capability than pure FeOOH NRs. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be ascribed to the hybrid structure of FeOOH and rGO. On one hand, the introduction of rGO can improve electronic conductivity and reduce charge-transfer resistance for electrode materials. On the other hand, the distinctive structure (FeOOH NRs surrounded by flexible rGO) can effectively buffer large volume change during the Li[Formula: see text] insertion/extraction process. Our work provides a feasible strategy to obtain high-performance LIBs.
Celebration of the centenary of the first female Fellows: introduction
Authors: Burek Cynthia Veronica , Higgs Bettie Matheson 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

The Geological Society of London was founded in 1807. In May 1919, the first female Fellows were elected to the Society, 112 years after its foundation. This Special Publication celebrates this centenary. A total of 18 papers have been gathered to highlight recent research, carried out by 24 authors. The publication also builds on stories introduced in a previous Special Publication of the Geological Society,
The Role of Women in the History of Geology
, edited by Burek and Higgs in 2007, the first book to deal solely with this topic, and in an article by Burek, ‘The first female Fellows and the status of women in the Geological Society of London’, in 2009. It fills in some of the gaps in knowledge with detail that has only recently been uncovered, leading to more in-depth analysis and reporting. The current publication includes more examples from the twentieth century, and a small number into the present century, allowing some trends to be identified. The collective work is finding connections previously undocumented and in danger of being lost forever owing to the age of the interviewees. The same work also identifies several common challenges that female geoscientists faced, which are still evident in the current investigations. By building on what went before, filling gaps in knowledge and enriching the histories, interesting nuanced insights have emerged.
Proximate mechanisms responsible for random mating by size in the Himalayan toad Duttaphrynus himalayanus
Authors: Zhang Lixia , Sheng Yongsun , Yuan Xiangyu , Yu Fei , Zhong Xueting , Liao Jiahong , Liu Zhenhao , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Exploring the mechanisms that affect mating pattern with respect to body size has implications for understanding the evolution of sexual selection. Theory predicts that the absence of a relationship between female body size and fecundity, unbiased operational sex ratio, and a short breeding season will lead to random mating by body size in anuran amphibians. We tested these predictions in the Himalayan toad Duttaphrynus himalayanus inhabiting southeastern Tibet. Our study did not detect any correlation between female body size and number of eggs laid, nor was there a significant difference in the sex ratio of toads captured from the breeding site. In addition, the toads were reproductive for only a short period, from late April to early May (typical of an explosively breeding species). As expected, we detected a weak but not significant relationship between body size of amplexing males and females. Our results revealed no apparent size-assortative pairing in the study population of the Himalayan toad and may contribute to an increasing body of literature on mating patterns in relation to body size in animals with indeterminate growth.
Faces of God: The Ilan of Rabbi Sasson ben Mordechai Shandukh
Authors: Baumgarten Eliezer 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Rabbi Sasson ben Mordechai Shandukh was one of the leaders of the renewed Jewish community in Baghdad in the second half of the eighteenth century and at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Among the literary heritage left by Rabbi Sasson Shandukh, which includes moral literature, liturgical poems, halakhic literature and prominent Kabbalistic literature, are the unique Kabbalistic ilanot (rotuli “trees”) he created. The four long rotuli that he created that have reached us are the subject of this article. The kabbalistic ilanot of Shandukh are distinctive for their great length, their eclectic sources, for their interpretation of the Lurianic theory of emanation, and for their anthropomorphic representations of divine faces, drawn in accordance with the teachings of the famed Safed kabbalist R. Isaac Luria.
Protean Passions
Authors: Essary Kirk 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the manner in which Erasmus employs examples from and the genres of classical mythology in order to explain the emotions, but also to show how he utilizes affective meanings of myths to describe current events. Given Erasmus’ influence, and the burgeoning field of emotions history, my aim is to interject Erasmus more fully into the ongoing conversation about the ways in which emotions were understood in the past. I will do so by considering 1) his adaptation of Quintilian’s taxonomy of emotions as either tragic or comic; 2) his use of classical literature to explore and explain the emotions; and 3) his affective analysis of what he deems the “tragedy” of Martin Luther’s reform movement.
The Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions in England and China: A View through the Lens of Dynamic Property Rights Theory
Authors: Pei Xiaolin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article presents a dynamic land property rights theory based on the law of the limit to land productivity, and then uses this theory and a large amount of data to compare the history of the agricultural and industrial revolutions in England and China. The article finds that, in England, the arable land—especially sown land—per capita of the agricultural population trended downward before the Black Death, but after the Black Death, experienced a long-term upward trend. In China, however, over the same period, the sown area per capita of the rural population shrank. It is these opposing trends that account for the historical divergence between the economies of England and China. This article concludes that the agricultural and industrial revolutions in England, as well as England’s capitalist market and private property rights regime, are the result of the expansion of the sown area per capita of the agricultural population. The article also concludes that the claim that England’s capitalist system of markets and private property rights gave birth to its agricultural and industrial revolutions cannot be sustained.
Local Fiscal Autonomy in China: Historical Evolution and Hierarchical Differences, 1990–2014
Authors: Jiao Changquan , Xu Chenxi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Local fiscal autonomy has a great influence on government behavior. However, there are substantial regional gaps and hierarchical differences in local fiscal autonomy in China. On the whole, although for many years most of China’s counties have enjoyed little fiscal autonomy, counties in the east have gradually won increased autonomy. Counties in the central and western regions, however, have continued to lose fiscal autonomy. Some have even lost the most basic level and now rely on transfer payments from higher-level governments for most of their local public expenditures. County expenditures make up the majority of national expenditures. Therefore, a low level of county fiscal autonomy impedes China’s county-based fiscal system reform and has a marked impact on government behavior and local governance.
Classification of Dementia Severity in Taiwan Based on History-Based Clinical Diagnosis System
Authors: Chang Yun Fah , Loi Woan Yee , Chiu Pai-Yi , Huang Huang-Nan 
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims: This study used HAICDDS screening questionnaire to classify the severity of dementia in Taiwan based on the clinical dementia rating scale. Methods: LDA was applied to 6,328 Taiwanese clinical patients for classification purposes. Clustering method was used to identify the associated influential symptoms for each severity level. Result: LDA shows only 36 HAICDDS questions are significant to distinguish the 5 severity levels with 80% overall accuracy and it increased to 85.83% when combining normal and MCI groups. Severe dementia patients have the most serious declination in most cognitive and functionality domains, follows by moderate dementia, mild dementia, MCI and normal patients. Conclusion: HAICDDS is a reliable and time-saved diagnosis tool in classifying the severity of dementia before undergoing a more in-depth clinical examination. The modified CDR may be indicated for epidemiological study and provide a solid foundation to develop a machine-learning derived screening instrument to detect dementia symptoms.
Drug-related problem and its predictors among pediatric patients with infectious diseases admitted to Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: Prospective observational study
Authors: Feyissa Mechessa Desalegn , Dessalegn Dula , Melaku Tsegaye 
Published: November 2020

Background: Drug-related problem is any event involving drug therapy that may interfere in a patient’s desired clinical outcome. It has been pointed out that hospitalized pediatric patients are particularly prone to drug-related problems. Thus, this study aimed to assess drug-related problems and its predictors among pediatric patients diagnosed with infectious diseases admitted to Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted among pediatric patients with infectious diseases admitted to the Jimma University Medical Center. Drug-related problems were classified based on Cipolle, Morley, and Strand’s drug-related problems classification method. The patient’s specific data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.0.2 and then exported to statistical software package version 21.0 for analysis. To identify predictors of drug-related problems occurrence, multiple stepwise backward logistic regression analysis was done. Statistical significance was considered at a p-value < 0.05. Results: Of the total 304 participants, 226 (74.3%) of them had at least one drug-related problem during their hospital stay. A total of 356 drug-related problems were identified among 226 patients. Anti-infective medication was the major class of drug involved in drug-related problems. Noncompliance (28.65%) and dose too low (27.53%) were the most common type of drug-related problems identified. Presence of disease comorbidity (adjusted odds ratio = 3.39, 95% confidence interval = 1.89–6.08), polypharmacy (adjusted odds ratio = 3.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.61–6.20), and more than 6 days stay in hospital (adjusted odds ratio = 3.37, 95% confidence interval = 1.71–6.64) were independent predictors for the occurrence of drug-related problems.. Conclusion: Drug-related problems were high among pediatric patients with infectious disease in the study setting. The presence of comorbidity, polypharmacy, and prolonged hospital stay were predictors of drug-related problems in this finding. Therefore, to prevent these problems, the collaboration of clinical pharmacists, pediatricians, and other health care professionals is needed during the provision of pharmaceutical care.