bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional status, hyperkalaemia and attainment of energy/protein intake targets in haemodialysis patients following plant-based diets: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: González-Ortiz Ailema , Xu Hong , Ramos-Acevedo Samuel , Avesani Carla M , Lindholm Bengt , Correa-Rotter Ricardo , Espinosa-Cuevas Ángeles , Carrero Juan Jesús 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) are often discouraged from eating fruits and vegetables because of fears of hyperkalaemia and undernutrition, yet evidence to support these claims is scarce. We here explore the association between adherence to a healthy plant-based diet with serum potassium, surrogates of nutritional status and attainment of energy/protein intake targets in HD patients.

Methods
We performed an observational single-centre study of stable patients undergoing HD with repeated dietary assessment every 3 months. Patients were provided with personalized nutritional counselling according to current guidelines. The diet was evaluated by 3-day food records and characterized by a healthy plant-based diet score (HPDS), which scores positively the intake of plant foods and negatively animal foods and sugar. The malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) and serum potassium were also assessed at each visit. We used mixed-effects models to evaluate the association of the HPDS with markers of nutritional status, serum potassium levels and attainment of energy/protein intake targets.

Results
After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 150 patients contributing to 470 trimestral observations were included. Their mean age was 42 years [standard deviation (SD) 18] and 59% were women. In multivariable models, a higher HPDS was not associated with serum potassium levels or odds of hyperkalaemia {potassium &gt;5.5 mEq/L; odds ratio [OR] 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94–1.07] per HPDS unit higher}. Patients with a higher HPDS did not differ in terms of energy intake [OR for consuming &lt;30 kcal/kg day 1.05 (95% CI 0.97–1.13)] but were at risk of low protein intake [OR for consuming &lt;1.1 g of protein/kg/day 1.11 (95% CI 1.04–1.19)]. A higher HPDS was associated with a lower MIS, indicating better nutritional status.

Conclusions
In patients undergoing HD, adherence to a healthy plant-based diet was not associated with serum potassium, hyperkalaemia or differences in energy intake. Although these patients were less likely to reach daily protein intake targets, they appeared to associate with better nutritional status over time.
Generalized Bloch band theory for non-Hermitian bulk–boundary correspondence
Authors: Imura Ken-Ichiro , Takane Yositake 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Bulk–boundary correspondence is the cornerstone of topological physics. In some non-Hermitian topological systems this fundamental relation is broken in the sense that the topological number calculated for the Bloch energy band under the periodic boundary condition fails to reproduce the boundary properties under the open boundary. To restore the bulk–boundary correspondence in such non-Hermitian systems a framework beyond the Bloch band theory is needed. We develop a non-Hermitian Bloch band theory based on a modified periodic boundary condition that allows a proper description of the bulk of a non-Hermitian topological insulator in a manner consistent with its boundary properties. Taking a non-Hermitian version of the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model as an example, we demonstrate our scenario, in which the concept of bulk–boundary correspondence is naturally generalized to non-Hermitian topological systems.
Innovation and Informed Trading: Evidence from Industry ETFs
Authors: Huang Shiyang , O’Hara Maureen , Zhong Zhuo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We empirically examine the impact of industry exchange-traded funds (IETFs) on informed trading and market efficiency. We find that IETF short interest spikes simultaneously with hedge fund holdings on the member stock before positive earnings surprises, reflecting long-the-stock/short-the-ETF activity. This pattern is stronger among stocks with high industry risk exposure. A difference-in-difference analysis on the ETF inception event shows that IETFs reduce post-earnings-announcement drift more among stocks with high industry risk exposure, suggesting that IETFs improve market efficiency. We also find that the short interest ratio of IETFs positively predicts IETF returns, consistent with the hedging role of IETFs.
Access to paediatric rheumatology care in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: what do we know? A systematic review
Authors: Chausset Aurélie , Pereira Bruno , Echaubard Stéphane , Merlin Etienne , Freychet Caroline 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
This review examines time to access appropriate care for JIA patients and analyses the referral pathway before the first paediatric rheumatology (PR) visit. We also describe factors associated with a longer referral.

Methods
We performed a systematic literature review, screening electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane library and Open Grey database) up to February 2020. Articles written before 1994 (i.e. before the introduction of the unifying term JIA) were excluded.

Results
From 595 nonduplicate citations found, 15 articles were finally included in the review. Most of the studies took place in Europe. The median time to first PR visit ranged from 3 to 10 months, with some disparities between referral pathway and patient characteristics. Patients with systemic-onset JIA had the shortest time to referral. Some clinical and biological factors such as swelling, fever, and elevated CRP and/or ESR were associated with a shorter time to first PR visit. Conversely, enthesitis, older age at symptom onset or pain were associated with a longer time. Whatever the country or world region, and despite disparities in healthcare system organization and healthcare practitioner availabilities, times to access PR were not wide-ranging.

Conclusion
This is the first systematic review to summarize research on access to PR for JIA patients. The pathway of care for JIA patients remains complex, and reasons for delayed referral depend on several factors. Standardized clinical guidelines and fast-track pathways to facilitate prompt referral to specialized teams have to allow for worldwide disparities in healthcare provision.
Bayesian Inference of Species Trees using Diffusion Models
Authors: Stoltz Marnus , Baeumer Boris , Bouckaert Remco , Fox Colin , Hiscott Gordon , Bryant David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe describe a new and computationally efficient Bayesian methodology for inferring species trees and demographics from unlinked binary markers. Likelihood calculations are carried out using diffusion models of allele frequency dynamics combined with novel numerical algorithms. The diffusion approach allows for analysis of data sets containing hundreds or thousands of individuals. The method, which we call Snapper, has been implemented as part of the BEAST2 package. We conducted simulation experiments to assess numerical error, computational requirements, and accuracy recovering known model parameters. A reanalysis of soybean SNP data demonstrates that the models implemented in Snapp and Snapper can be difficult to distinguish in practice, a characteristic which we tested with further simulations. We demonstrate the scale of analysis possible using a SNP data set sampled from 399 fresh water turtles in 41 populations. [Bayesian inference; diffusion models; multi-species coalescent; SNP data; species trees; spectral methods.]
Epclusa Approved For Children With Hepatitis C
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: June 2020

Sofosbuvir–velpatasvir (Epclusa), a direct-acting antiviral combination drug previously approved to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) in adults, is now approved to treat HCV in children.Nurses and NPs should confirm that patients have been tested for evidence of current or prior coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) before starting Epclusa, because the drug increases the risk of reactivation of HBV.
Perceived Barriers to Rapid Response Team Activation Among Nurses
Authors: Tilley Madison , Spencer Kathleen 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this literature review was to investigate the major barriers nurses face when it is necessary to seek additional assistance and resources by calling the rapid response team (RRT) in order to manage and stabilize a clinically deteriorating patient. A total of 40 articles were reviewed. Eight barriers were identified as having an impact on RRT activation, either causing a delay in activation time or preventing activation altogether: a lack of consistent RRT education among nurses, the established hierarchy in the hospital, an uncertainty about when to call the RRT if clinical deterioration is subtle or gradual rather than abrupt, a perceived need to justify a decision to call the RRT, the increased workload for both the ICU nurse and the medical–surgical nurse, negative past experiences with RRTs, an unsupportive unit culture, and less nursing experience. Suggestions for overcoming these barriers include RRT education for nurses and physicians in addition to fostering a supportive unit culture.
Antibiotics Don't Reduce Treatment-Failure Rate in Children With Suspected Pneumonia
Authors: Rosenberg Karen 
Published: June 2020

According to this study:

Among children with suspected community-acquired pneumonia who were discharged from the ED, outcomes were similar in those who did and did not receive antibiotics.It may be possible to safely manage suspected pneumonia without using antibiotics in a greater number of children who are treated as outpatients.
An Executive Summary of the APTA Academy for Oncologic Physical Therapy Clinical Practice Guideline: Interventions for Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema
Authors: Davies Claire C. , Levenhagen Kimberly , Ryans Kathryn , Perdomo Marisa , Gilchrist Laura 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL) is a sequela of cancer treatment that can impact quality of life. Interventions to address this impairment should be tailored for each lymphedema stage throughout the trajectory of care, from diagnosis of cancer throughout survivorship.

Methods:
Studies were included in this clinical practice guideline if the purpose was to investigate interventions intended to reduce lymphedema risk, interstitial fluid, or upper extremity volume in individuals during and after breast cancer treatment. This executive summary presents the recommendations on interventions developed from the evidence review, according to stage of BCRL to allow for clinical implementation based on patient presentation.
Effect of post-labeling delay on regional cerebral blood flow in arterial spin-labeling MR imaging
Authors: Hu Ying , LV Fajin , Li Qi , Liu Rongbo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background:
Investigating the effect of post-labeling delay (PLD) on regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in adults and optimizing the PLD for arterial spin-labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are important.

Methods:
Pseudo-continuous ASL imaging with a three PLDs protocol was performed in 90 healthy adult volunteers from January 2018 to February 2019. Healthy subjects were divided into youth group (mean age, 30.63 years; age range, 20–44 years), middle-aged group (mean age, 52.16 years; age range 45–59 years) and elderly group (mean age, 66.07 years; age range, 60–77 years). After preprocessing, analyses of variance (ANOVA) and volume-of-interest (VOI) were conducted to compare the CBF in each brain region. According to the trends of CBF changing with PLD and the results of ANOVA, we optimized the PLD for ASL imaging in different brain regions and age groups.

Results:
The CBF values of 87 VOIs [global gray matter (global GM) and other 86 VOIs] for each subject were obtained. Young people had less statistically significant VOIs than middle-aged and elderly people [Numbers of VOIs which had statistical significance (P < .05) in the analysis of ANOVA: 42 (youth group), 79 (middle-aged group), and 71 (elderly group)]. In youth group, the deep GM, occipital lobe and temporal lobe were more affected by PLDs than limbic system, frontal lobe and parietal lobe [VOIs with statistical significance (P < .05)/total VOIs: 8/8 (deep GM) > 8/12 (occipital lobe) > (8/14) (temporal lobe) > 5/12 (limbic system) > 11/28 (frontal lobe) > (2/12) parietal lobe]. In middle-aged group, the limbic system, deep GM and temporal lobe were more affected by PLDs than parietal lobe, frontal lobe and occipital lobe [VOIs with statistical significance (P < 0.05)/total VOIs: 12/12 (limbic system) = 8/8 (deep GM) > (13/14) (temporal lobe) > (11/12) parietal lobe > 25/28 (frontal lobe) > 9/12 (occipital lobe)]. In elderly group, the temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and frontal lobe were more affected by PLDs than occipital lobe, limbic system, and deep GM [VOIs with statistical significance (P < .05)/total VOIs: 14/14 (temporal lobe) > 12/12 (parietal lobe) > 22/28 (frontal lobe) > 9/12 (occipital lobe) > 8/12 (limbic system) > 5/8 (deep GM)]. The optimal PLD for most VOIs in youth group was 1525 ms. However, for middle-aged and elderly group, the optimal PLD for most VOIs was 2525 ms.

Conclusion:
Young people are less affected by PLDs than middle-aged and elderly people. The middle-aged people are most affected by PLDs. In addition, the spatial distributions of PLD effect were different among the three age groups. Optimizing the PLD for ASL imaging according to age and brain regions can obtain more accurate and reliable CBF values.
Efficacy and safety of incretin-based therapies in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Fan Si-min , Shi Xiao-yan , Fan Yan-ping , Yang Lin-lin , Yao Jia , Feng Pei-min 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is seriously affecting the general health due to its high prevalence and associated risk of liver-related consequences and extrahepatic chronic complications. New drugs are urgently needed for the treatment of NAFLD. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to assess the efficacy of incretin-based therapies in patients with NAFLD.Methods:We will search 4 databases for relative studies: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases and identified all reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from inception to July 2020. Two authors will independently scan the searched articles, extract the data from included articles, and assess the risk of bias by Cochrane tool of risk of bias. Disagreements will be resolved by discussion among authors. All analysis will be performed based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Fixed-effects model or random-effects model will be used to calculate pooled estimates of weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs.Results:This systematic review aims to examine the effect of incretin-based therapies on liver histology, liver fat content, liver enzymes, and adverse events in patients with NAFLD.Conclusions:These findings will provide guidance to clinicians and patients on the use of incretin-based therapies for NAFLD.
Association between the Wilms tumor-1 rs16754 polymorphism and acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yu Xin , Zhang Yuan , Liu Shuang , Mu Yu , Shang Fengjia , Zhang Nan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Wilms tumor-1 (WT1) protein is an important regulator of malignant hematopoiesis and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recently special attention has been paid to the relationship of the WT1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs16754 with AML risk and outcome, but the conflicting results made it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. In the present study, we systematically reviewed the literature and performed a meta-analysis of existing evidence. We searched Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases using predefined search methodology for relevant studies. We pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to evaluate the association between SNP rs16754 and AML risk. In addition, we analyzed hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI for overall survive, relapse-free survival, and disease-free survival. Q-statistic was used to assess the homogeneity and Egger test was used to evaluate publication bias. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The results of fixed-effect meta-analyses revealed no association between SNP rs16754 and AML risk (AA + GA vs GG: OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.71–1.19, P = .518; AA vs GA + GG: OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.86–1.76, P = .262; AA vs GG: OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.68–1.63, P = .820; AG vs AA: OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.53–1.13, P = .186; AG vs GG: OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.68–1.16, P = .376). In subgroup analysis by race, age, and disease type, we did not find any significant association. However, the presence of rs16754 GA/GG genotype was associated with improved overall survive (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.26–0.91, P = .024) and relapse-free survival (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68–1.00, P = .048) compared with the rs16754 AA. In summary, the WT1 SNP rs16754 was not associated with AML risk, but it had a significant impact on clinical outcome in AML patients.
Relationship between plasma total homocysteine and the severity of renal function in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged ≥75 years
Authors: Ma Ning , Xu Ning , Yin Dong , Liu Weiwei , Wu Mengping , Cheng Xingbo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We aimed to investigate the relationship between total homocysteine (tHcy) levels in the plasma and renal function severity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) aged ≥75 years.
We included 221 patients with T2DM aged ≥60 years (59 aged ≥75 years).
tHcy levels among the 4 groups of patients aged ≥60 years significantly differed, but not in those aged ≥75 years. tHcy levels in patients aged ≥60 years were negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of tHcy for predicting diabetic kidney disease (DKD) was 0.636. Fasting c-peptide and creatinine were independently associated with tHcy levels in patients aged ≥60 years, whereas insulin and creatinine were independently associated with tHcy levels in those aged ≥75 years.
tHcy concentrations were elevated in T2DM and can potentially serve as a risk factor for DKD, but it is not an ideal biomarker.
Efficacy and safety of Danhong injection on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after the percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary heart disease
Authors: Li Shujuan , Duan Shasha , Ning Yuzhen , Zhang Hongmei , Zheng Qi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background:
To systematically review the effects of Danhong injection on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary heart disease (CHD) and to provide a basis for further research.

Methods:
Through computer retrieval, including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, VIP, SinoMed were retrieved on a computer. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of Danhong injection on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after PCI for CHD were collected in strict accordance with the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Chinese and English literatures in published from the establishment of each database to December 1, 2019, were retrieved by combining subject headings and free terms. Literatures were screened out by 2 researchers independently, and the risk of bias was assessed by 2 independent researchers by using the assessment tool for risk of bias as described Cochrane systematic reviewer's manual 5.1.0. Statistical analysis was performed by using Stata 14.0 software.

Results:
By collecting the existing evidence, this study would determine the effects of Danhong injection on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after PCI for CHD by meta-analysis.

Conclusion:
Through this study, we will draw a definite conclusion on whether Danhong injection has significant effects on endothelial function and inflammatory factors after PCI for CHD. This conclusion will provide practical and scientific guidance for the use of Danhong injection after PCI for CHD.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020165568.
Exploratory study on the safety and effectiveness of Yizhi Qingxin Decoction (capsules) in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (deficiency of kidney essence syndrome)
Authors: Wang Bi-Qing , Mei Jun , Liu Lu , Ju Chun-Xiao , Zhao Jun-Nan , Zhang Ping , Xu Feng-Qin , Chen Ke-Ji 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background:
Hypertension in the elderly with cognitive impairment has been one of the global health issues. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the state of transition between the normal aging process and cognitive changes of unformed dementia. Diagnosis and treatment of MCI are the keys to prevent dementia, and hypertension is one of the important influencing factors of MCI. Our preclinical experiment found that Yizhi Qingxin Decoction (YQD) could effectively reduce the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), improve their spatial learning and memory abilities in Morris water maze, and play a neuroprotective role. The objective is to estimate the safety and efficacy of YQD (capsules) in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly with MCI (deficiency of kidney essence syndrome) through this study.

Methods:
According to the random number generated by the block random method, 100 participants will be randomly and equally divided into the treatment group (YQD) or the control group (Ginkgo biloba extract tablets). The conversion rate of dementia will be used as the main evaluating indicator by the CDR scale. The MoCA scale, MMSE scale, ADCS-MCI-ADL-24 scale, CGIC-KDS scale, and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure will be used as the secondary evaluating indicator. Safety will be evaluated based on specific manifestations of adverse reactions and the incidence of adverse events.

Objective:
The objective is to estimate the curative effect of YQD (capsules) on hypertension in the elderly with MCI (deficiency of kidney essence syndrome), and to evaluate the safety of its clinical application.

Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ICTRP member): ChiCTR2000030292.