bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Online Content‐Focused Coaching on Discussion Quality and Reading Achievement: Building Theory for How Coaching Develops Teachers’ Adaptive Expertise
Authors: Correnti Richard , Matsumura Lindsay Clare , Walsh Marguerite , Zook-Howell Dena , Bickel Donna DiPrima , Yu Baeksan 
Published: July 2020

The authors conducted a small‐scale randomized control trial (n = 31 teachers) of Online Content‐Focused Coaching, an intervention consisting of an online workshop followed by multiple cycles of remote video‐based coaching, to support dialogic text discussions. Findings demonstrate the efficacy of Online Content‐Focused Coaching in three different ways. First, the authors’ analyses, after accounting for differential attrition among groups, demonstrate an existence proof for effects of the intervention on both classroom text discussion quality and student achievement. Second, the authors examined and demonstrated an association between the magnitude of changes in discussion quality and the magnitude of achievement gains. Finally, the authors propose and examine evidence to support a theory for how teachers develop adaptive expertise for facilitating dialogic text discussions. Results show that teachers’ use of transitional and some aspirational discussion moves grew from baseline to the end of the workshop, with limited growth in the quality of students’ contributions. Over the coaching phase of the intervention, teachers’ facilitation moves grew substantively, and so did students’ strong contributions. The authors interpret the results to suggest that the workshop was critical for developing teachers’ knowledge of the features of dialogism and that coach‐guided reflection was essential for developing teachers’ expertise at using facilitation moves to elicit student thinking. Findings contribute to a validity argument for the efficacy of Online Content‐Focused Coaching. More importantly, investigating and describing the process of teaching change is the study’s main theoretical contribution.
Two‐dimensional transvaginal sonography vs saline contrast sonohysterography for diagnosing endometrial polyps: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sanin‐Ramirez D. , Carriles I. , Graupera B. , Ajossa S. , Neri M. , Rodriguez I. , Pascual M. Á. , Guerriero S. , Alcázar J. L. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic performance of two‐dimensional transvaginal sonography (TVS) and saline contrast sonohysterography (SCSH) for the diagnosis of endometrial polyps in studies that used both tests in the same group of patients.MethodsThis was a systematic review and meta‐analysis. An extensive search was conducted of Medline (PubMed), Cochrane Library and Web of Science, for studies comparing the diagnostic performance of TVS and SCSH for identifying endometrial polyps, published between January 1990 and December 2019, that reported a definition of endometrial polyp on TVS and SCSH and used pathologic analysis as the reference standard. Quality of the included studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 (QUADAS‐2) tool. A random‐effects model was used to determine pooled sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative likelihood ratios of TVS and SCSH in the detection of endometrial polyps. Subanalysis according to menopausal status was performed.ResultsIn total, 1278 citations were identified; after exclusions, 25 studies were included in the meta‐analysis. In the included studies, the risk of bias evaluated using QUADAS‐2 was low for most of the four domains, except for flow and timing, which had an unclear risk of bias in 13 studies. Pooled sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative likelihood ratios for TVS in the detection of endometrial polyps were 55.0% (95% CI, 46.0–64.0%), 91.0% (95% CI, 86.0–94.0%), 5.8 (95% CI, 3.9–8.7) and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.41–0.61), respectively. The corresponding values for SCSH were 92.0% (95% CI, 87.0–95.0%), 93.0% (95% CI, 91.0–95.0%), 13.9 (95% CI, 9.9–19.5) and 0.08 (95% CI, 0.05–0.14), respectively. Significant differences were found when comparing the methods in terms of sensitivity (P < 0.001), but not for specificity (P = 0.0918). Heterogeneity was high for TVS and moderate for SCSH. On subanalysis according to menopausal status, SCSH was found to have higher diagnostic accuracy in both pre‐ and postmenopausal women; sensitivity and specificity did not differ significantly between the groups for either TVS or SCSH.ConclusionGiven that SCSH has better diagnostic positive and negative likelihood ratios than does TVS in both pre‐ and postmenopausal women, those with clinical suspicion of endometrial polyps should undergo SCSH if TVS findings are inconclusive. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Theoretical basis for evaluating the deformability of rock blocks
Authors: Galindo Rubén , Serrano Alcibiades , Sánchez José 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA theoretical basis for evaluating the deformability of rock blocks is presented in this study and is used to derive an equation that governs the relationship between the normal force applied and the displacement produced. This relationship depends on the distribution of forces in the contact; therefore, it depends on the load process acting at the asperities of the rock block. Most previous studies do not take into account the crushing effect of the contact points and do not address large pressures. However, this effect is more crucial when the material is thicker. The interpretation of the deformability tests with coarse granular materials is difficult because the stresses within the material are not known but are estimated from boundary conditions. The load is distributed in a general situation between asperities in an elastic state, asperities in a plastic state and the body of the block. A mathematical model based on a suitable geometrical characterization of the roughness of the surface of the rock block, height and radius, and well‐known mechanical principles is developed. This model makes it possible to evaluate partially the force‐displacement relationship of particle breakage tests. The main objective is to obtain the stress‐strain relationship of rock blocks considering the influence of roughness on its surface. The described theoretical formulation is applied to the rockfill of the dock of the Minerales harbor (Huelva). Their strength characteristics and deformation modulus are known, and the distribution of roughness on its surface is obtained using a specialized scanner on one of the block samples. From these results, the arrangement of the irregularities and the parameters of this developed mathematical model are applied to obtain adequate predictions and behavior patterns of particle breakage tests. The developed model adequately reproduces the different behaviors of the force‐displacement relationship depending on the fragility index (FI). Realistic values of this index make it possible to obtain adequate predictions.
Fecal sex steroids and reproductive behaviors in harpy eagles (Harpia harpyja)
Authors: Blank Marcel H. , de Oliveira Marcos J. , Cubas Zalmir S. , de Morae Wanderlei , Moreira Nei , Pereira Ricardo J. G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAiming to improve our reproductive knowledge of large birds of prey, behavioral data and fecal steroids were assessed in captive pairs of Harpy eagles, a keystone species that is monogamous and resides in the Neotropics year‐round. Adult individuals exhibited different reproductive outcomes and a breeding season extending beyond summer solstice (5–9 months) suggests that harpy eagles may not be absolutely photorefractory. Comparisons among breeding stages in males revealed that mean androgen levels in courtship were higher than in copulation and incubation, but no differences were detected in fecal progestagens or estrogens. Females had higher mean estrogen concentrations in courtship and copulation, whereas mean progestagen levels peaked during egg laying. Mean androgen concentrations were not significantly different among breeding stages in females. Assessment of six egg‐lay cycles from three females demonstrated that fecal estrogens peaked predominantly between 31 and 18 days before oviposition (–31 to –18 days), and then remained low until 45 days after laying the first egg (+45 days). In contrast, fecal progestagens raised mostly between –20 and +1 day, lowering to baseline concentrations by +3 days. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe in detail endocrine and behavioral data regarding reproduction in tropical eagles, which may serve in the future as a reference to developing breeding programs.
A systematic material-oriented design approach for lightweight components and the CFRP motor wheel case study
Authors: Cocchi Davide , Raimondi Luca , Brugo Tommaso Maria , Zucchelli Andrea 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLightweighting is a need in many industrial fields and, in particular, in transports, to reduce energy consumptions and to promote more environmentally friendly solutions. In this context, the use of composite materials has become ever more strategic, and a design approach that effectively combines shapes and materials is by now mandatory. In this work, the Systematic Design Approach has been extended to include potentialities and constraints related to materials and manufacturing at the early steps of the design flow. The proposed approach, named systematic material-oriented design approach, enables designers to identify and to select, in a systematic way, design solutions where shapes are tailored to materials and where benefits and criticalities related to the manufacturing processes are considered. In the paper, each design phase of the approach is described and applied to design the carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) motor wheel of the Emilia 4 solar vehicle. Optimization steps of geometry and materials complete the approach. The design of the wheel is fully detailed as well as its manufacturing and bending tests under static and fatigue conditions. In particular, strain fields were measured with a 3D digital image correlation (DIC) system during static tests to validate the numerical model.
Coral loss alters guarding and farming behavior of a Caribbean damselfish
Authors: Di Santo Valentina , O’Boyle Lois A. , Saylor Ryan K. , Dabruzzi Theresa F. , Covell Marthe A. , Kaack Katrina , Scharer Rachel , Seger Katherine , Favazza Nicholas , Pomory Christopher M. , Bennett Wayne A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCoral loss is a major element of global ecological change in the oceans that may shape the behavior of keystone species such as habitat-attached animals. Farming damselfishes cultivate and aggressively protect algal garden within their territory, thereby shaping local fish assemblages and macro-algae diversity. Following the widespread loss of live branching coral throughout Florida and the Caribbean Sea, dusky damselfish (Stegastes adustus) have modified their territorial behavior. We compared antagonistic behavior, and size and algal species composition of territories of dusky damselfish on dead branching coral rubble and live boulder coral in the Dry Tortugas National Park, USA. Even though similar numbers of “intruders” entered each habitat type, dusky damselfish on rubble territories chased out significantly more fishes, had larger territories and more species of algae were present in their gardens. This study shows that dusky damselfish successfully occupy living and dead coral areas; however, there are potential trade-offs between defending a larger territory and cultivating fewer algal species.
Typical imaging finding of hepatic infections: a pictorial essay
Authors: Malekzadeh Sonaz , Widmer Lucien , Salahshour Faezeh , Egger Bernhard , Ronot Maxime , Thoeny Harriet C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHepatic infections are frequent in clinical practice. Although epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data may suggest hepatic infection in certain cases, imaging is nearly always necessary to confirm the diagnosis, assess disease extension and its complications, evaluate the response to treatment, and sometimes to make differential diagnoses such as malignancies. Ultrasound (US) is usually the first-line investigation, while computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide better characterization and a more precise assessment of local extension, especially biliary and vascular. The purpose of this article is to describe the typical features and main complications of common hepatic infections. Familiarity with the radiological features of this entity can help suggest the correct diagnosis and the need for further studies as well as determine appropriate and timely treatment.
Anti-PD-1 antibody increases NK cell cytotoxicity towards nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in the context of chemotherapy-induced upregulation of PD-1 and PD-L1
Authors: Makowska Anna , Meier Selina , Shen Lian , Busson Pierre , Baloche Valentin , Kontny Udo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly malignant epithelial cancer linked to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. Tumors are characterized by a lymphomononuclear infiltrate and the number of natural killer (NK) cells in tumors appears to be of prognostic significance. Standard treatment for NPC in adolescents and young adults consists of induction chemotherapy followed by radiochemotherapy. Though survival rates are above 80%, the majority of patients suffer from long-term side-effects, mainly related to radiotherapy. The addition of immunotherapy to induction chemotherapy could improve tumor response.

Methods
We have investigated the killing of NPC cells by NK cells in the context of chemotherapy, using a panel of three nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and a patient-derived xenograft. Cytotoxicity was measured using the calcein-release assay, while the contribution of different checkpoints and signaling pathways to killing was studied by siRNA-mediated gene silencing and chemical inhibitors.

Results
Chemotherapeutics cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and gemcitabine sensitized NPC cells to killing by NK cells. Chemotherapeutics led to upregulation of PD-1 in NK cells and PD-L1 in NPC cells via NF-κB. Inhibition of the PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint by an anti-PD-1 antibody or siRNA increased NK-cell cytotoxicity towards NPC cells.

Conclusion
The addition of an anti-PD-1 antibody to chemotherapy in patients with NPC could increase the efficacy of induction chemotherapy. If confirmed in a clinical trial, more efficient induction therapy could allow the dose of radiotherapy to be reduced and thereby diminish severe late effects of such therapy.
Reliability of humeral head measurements performed using two- and three-dimensional computed tomography in patients with shoulder instability
Authors: Stefaniak Jakub , Kubicka A. M. , Wawrzyniak A. , Romanowski L. , Lubiatowski P. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to compare two measurement methods of humeral head defects in patients with shoulder instability. Intra- and inter-observer reliability of humeral head parameters were performed with the use of 2D and 3D computed tomography.

Methods
The study group was composed of one hundred humeral heads measured with the use of preoperative 2D and 3D computed tomography by three independent observers (two experienced and one inexperienced). All observers repeated measurements after 1 week. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the minimal detectable change with 95% confidence (MDC95%) were used for statistical analysis of diagnostic agreement.

Results
For 3D inter-observer reliability, ICC values were “excellent” for all parameters and MDC95% values were “excellent” or “reasonable.” All intra-observer ICC and MDC95% values for 3D were “excellent” for experienced and inexperienced observers. For 2D-CT, ICC values were usually “good” or “moderate” with MDC95% values higher than 10 or 30%.

Conclusions
Three-dimensional CT measurements are more reliable than 2D for humeral head and Hill-Sachs lesion assessment. This study showed that 2D measurements, even performed by experienced observers (orthopaedic surgeons), are burdened with errors. The 3D reconstruction decreased the risk of error by eliminating inaccuracy in setting the plane of the measurements.
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Dutch and German versions of the Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire in people with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hammond Alison , Meesters Jorit , Niedermann Karin , Tennant Alan , Vliet Vlieland Thea , Tyson Sarah , Nordenskiöld Ulla 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Evaluation of Daily Activity Questionnaire (EDAQ) is a detailed patient-reported outcome measure of activity ability. The objective of this research was to assess the linguistic and cross-cultural validity and psychometric properties of the EDAQ in rheumatoid arthritis for Dutch and German speakers. The EDAQ was translated into Dutch and German using standard methods. A total of 415 participants (Dutch n = 252; German n = 163) completed two questionnaires about four weeks apart. The first included the EDAQ, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and 36-item Short-Form v2 (SF-36v2) and the second, the EDAQ only. We examined construct validity using Rasch analysis for the two components (Self-Care and Mobility) of the Dutch and German EDAQ. Language invariance was also tested from the English version. We examined internal consistency, concurrent and discriminant validity and test–retest reliability in the 14 EDAQ domains. The Self-Care and Mobility components satisfied Rasch model requirements for fit, unidimensionality and invariance by language. Internal consistency for all 14 domains was mostly good to excellent (Cronbach’s alpha ≥ 0.80). Concurrent validity was mostly strong: HAQ rs = 0.65–0.87; SF36v2 rs = − 0.61 to − 0.87. Test–retest reliability was excellent [ICC (2,1) = 0.77–0.97]. The EDAQ has good reliability and validity in both languages. The Dutch and German versions of the EDAQ can be used as a measure of daily activity in practice and research in the Netherlands and German- speaking countries.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux as a potential cause of persistent local neck symptoms after total thyroidectomy
Authors: Cipolla Calogero , Macaione Ina , Vieni Salvatore , Latteri Mario , Vullo Angela , Graceffa Giuseppa , Fiorentino Eugenio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Local neck symptoms (LNS) may be related to goiter, but are also reported by patients suffering from laryngeal–pharyngeal reflux (LPR). The aim of this study was to investigate whether LPR could play a role in the persistence of some LNS after total thyroidectomy (TT).

Methods
A consecutive case series of 160 patients with multinodular goiter (MNG) candidate for TT were included in this study. Each patient was closely studied for both the thyroid pathology and reflux disease before and 6 months after surgery to assess the persistence of LNS after surgery.

Results
Only throat discomfort showed a significant improvement (p  = 0.031) after surgery. On the other hand, swallowing and voice disorders persisted after surgery in 82.3% and 77.3% of patients, respectively (p  = 0.250 and p  = 0.062), such as the correlated reflux laryngopharyngitis (p  = 0.5).

Conclusions
LPR can be considered a predisposing factor or an important concurrent causa to the persistence of LNS after TT, in particular for swallowing disorders and voice disorders. In patients with non-toxic MNG who complain of local neck symptoms, the investigation of a possible coexistence of a reflux disease is appropriate before surgery. Patients should be informed about the possibility that some symptoms can persist even after removal of the goiter.
Transplantation of R-GSIK scaffold with mesenchymal stem cells improves neuroinflammation in a traumatic brain injury model
Authors: Sahab Negah Sajad , Shirzad Mohammad Moein , Biglari Ghazale , Naseri Farzin , Hosseini Ravandi Hassan , Hassani Dooghabadi Ali , Gorji Ali 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNeural tissue engineering has been introduced as a novel therapeutic strategy for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been demonstrated to improve functional outcome of brain injury, and RADA4GGSIKVAV (R-GSIK), a self-assembling nano-peptide scaffold, has been suggested to promote the behavior of stem cells. This study was designed to determine the ability of the R-GSIK scaffold in supporting the effects of MSCs on motor function activity and inflammatory responses in an experimental TBI model. A significant recovery of motor function was observed in rats that received MSCs+R-GSIK compared with the control groups. Further analysis showed a reduction in the number of reactive astrocytes and microglial cells in the MSCs and MSCs+R-GSIK groups compared with the control groups. Furthermore, western blot analysis indicated a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TLR4, TNF, and IL6, in the MSCs and MSCs+R-GSIK groups compared with the TBI, vehicle, and R-GSIK groups. Overall, this study strengthens the idea that the co-transplantation of MSCs with R-GSIK can increase functional outcomes by preparing a beneficial environment. This improvement may be explained by the immunomodulatory effects of MSCs and the self-assembling nano-scaffold peptide.
Claims in orthopedic foot/ankle surgery, how can they help to improve quality of care? A retrospective claim analysis
Authors: Sanders Fay R. K. , Wimmer-Boelhouwers Patricia , Dijt Onno X. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Schepers Tim 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Orthopedic foot/ankle surgery is a high risk specialty when it comes to malpractice claims. This study aims to evaluate the incidence, characteristics and outcome of claims in this area.

Methods
This was a retrospective, 10-year claim analysis, with data from an anonymous database. Baseline claim/claimant characteristics were collected from all orthopedic foot/ankle-related cases.

Results
Of 460 claims in total, most were related to delay in/wrong diagnosis or to (complications of) elective surgical procedures. Whether a claim was settled was related to type of injury (fracture) and type of claim (diagnostic mistake). Median amount disbursed in settled claims was €12,549. Claim incidence did not increase over the years.

Conclusion
Missed fracture diagnosis and “failed”/disappointing results of elective surgical procedures were the most common causes for claims. Sufficient knowledge of missed (foot) fractures and clear communication/expectation management before elective procedures could help to improve quality of healthcare and patient satisfaction.