bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect Of Dietary Concentrate And Bypass Fat Supplements On In Vitro Rumen Fermentation, Digestibility And Rumen Microbial Population In Buffaloes
Authors: AZMI AMIRUL FAIZ MOHD , Hafandi A. , Goh Y. M. , SAAD MOHD ZAMRI , Md A. B. , Norafizah A. R. , Tan C. K. , Punimin A. , HASSIM HASLIZA ABU 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The effect of Brachiaria decumbens supplemented with concentrate and bypass fat ratio 100, 70:30, 70:15:15 (w/w) on nutritional composition, in vitro rumen fermentation and microbial population in Murrah cross and Swamp buffaloes were investigated. Incubation were conducted using rumen fluid obtained from the breed of each buffalo which were fed the same based diet (100% Brachiaria decumbens). For the in vitro fermentation characteristic after 48h incubation, total gas production, pH, total volatile fatty acid (TVFA), apparent rumen degradable carbohydrate (ARDC), methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH 3) were determined. The molecular technique also was used to quantify rumen total bacteria, total protozoa, total methanogens, Fibrobacter succinogens and Ruminococcus albus.Results: The results revealed Diet C showed significantly highest in dry matter, crude fat, metabolized energy and optimum in crude protein and carbohydrate value while lower in crude fiber as compared to Diet B and Diet A (P<0.05). In both breed were showed parameters of gas production, total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) and its proportion, and total microbial population were increased parallelly with the increase of 30% concentrate levels in Diet B, while Diet C was moderate with the presence of 4% bypass fat and 26% of concentrate (P<0.05). The methane concentration as well the total methanogens population increased significantly (P<0.05) in Diet B when compared among other diets, but no significant difference was found when comparing between buffalo species. Meanwhile, pH value was slightly decreased with the dietary supplementation in both breeds, but the population of cellulolytic bacteria was not affected.Conclusions: This study showed that dietary concentrate and bypass fat supplementation had improved nutritional composition, in vitro fermentation characteristics by increasing VFA concentration, altering total microbial population, and potentially used as new diet for buffaloes in Malaysia.
The Prognostic Value of Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Huan , Ren Dianyun , Jin Xin , Wu Heshui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Several studies were conducted to explore the prognostic value of modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) in pancreatic cancer, which reported contradictory results. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the prognostic value of mGPS in pancreatic cancer by investigating the correlation between mGPS and overall survival (OS). Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane library databases and OVID to identify eligible studies published from Jan 1, 2011 to June 20, 2020. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to detect the prognostic significance of mGPS in patients with pancreatic cancer. Results: A total of 222 non-repetitive studies were identified, and 20 enrolled studies described the association between survival outcomes and mGPS in pancreatic cancer patients. The results showed a significant correlation between high mGPS and poor OS (HR=1.50, 95% CI=1.20–1.89, P<0.0001). Similar results were observed in the subgroup analyses of OS, which were based on the treatment regimen and research region. Conclusions: Our study suggested the close association between the poor prognosis and high level of mGPS, which will be helpful for future clinical applications in pancreatic cancer patients.
Associations of Household Solid Fuel for Heating and Cooking With Hypertension in Chinese Adults
Authors: Liu Zhiguang , Hystad Perry , Yin Lu , Rangarajan Sumathy , Lu Fanghong , Hu Bo , Zhou Yihong , Bangdiwala Shrikant I , Li Yindong , Wang Yang , Yusuf Salim , Li Wei , Tse Lap Ah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Few studies have examined the association between indoor air pollution from household solid fuel use for heating and cooking with hypertension considering the influence of outdoor particles with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of household solid fuel for heating and cooking with hypertension prevalence in a large diverse Chinese population.Methods: 44,007 individuals aged 35-70 years with complete information on fuels used for cooking and heating and PM2.5 air pollution levels for 279 urban and rural communities of 12 centers were recruited in this study. Generalized linear mixed models using community as the random effect were performed to estimate the association with hypertension prevalence and blood pressure after considering ambient PM2.5 and a comprehensive set of potential confounding factors at the individual and household level. Results: 47.6% and 61.2% of participants used household solid fuel for heating and cooking, respectively. Solid fuel for heating was associated with statistically insignificant increase in hypertension prevalence (adjusted OR=1.08, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.20) or elevated systolic blood pressure (0.62mmHg, 95% CI: -0.24, 1.48). No association was found between solid fuel for cooking and hypertension or blood pressure, and no additional risk was observed among participants who had the combined exposure to both solid fuels for heating and cooking compared with those using household solid heating fuel only.Conclusion: No statistical significant association between the use of solid fuel for cooking or heating with BP or prevalence of hypertension was found in this large and diverse Chinese population.
A Classroom-Based Study on the Antecedents of Epistemic Curiosity in L2 Learning
Authors: Nakamura Sachiko , Darasawang Pornapit , Reinders Hayo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Epistemic curiosity is an emotion described as a desire for knowledge. While research in educational fields has increasingly highlighted the important role that epistemic curiosity plays in learning, there is little empirical evidence to help understand this emotion in the L2 learning context. This classroom-based study investigated the antecedents of epistemic curiosity among 25 Thai university students studying in an English oral communication course. Using a whole-class survey and focus group interview, we recursively asked the students to describe a time in class when they experienced epistemic curiosity and the reasons behind it. A modified version of constant comparative analysis suggested six thematic factors as the antecedents of epistemic curiosity, three groups of underlying desires behind its manifestation, and positive affect linked to its experience. It also emerged from the analysis that certain types of classroom activities were associated with epistemic curiosity. Utilizing descriptions of the lessons kept in the teacher's record, we provide contextualized accounts of how and why the students experienced epistemic curiosity in class. We conclude by offering pedagogical suggestions for creating learning environments that inspire L2 learners’ epistemic curiosity.
Implementing a Digital Mental Health Intervention for Individuals With Psychosis - A Multi-country Qualitative Study
Authors: Pemovska Tamara , Arënliu Aliriza , Konjufca Jon , Uka Fitim , Hunter Jennifer , Bajraktarov Stojan , Stevović Lidija Injac , Jerotić Stefan , Kulenović Alma Džubur , Novotni Antoni , Novotni Ljubisha , Radojičić Tamara , Repišti Selman , Ribić Emina , Ristić Ivan , Mešević Eldina Smajić , Zebić Mirjana , Jovanović Nikolina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Implementation of psychosocial interventions in mental health services has the potential to improve the treatment of psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where care is predominantly focused on pharmacotherapy. The first step is to understand the views of key stakeholders. We conducted a multi-language qualitative study to explore the contextual barriers and facilitators to implementation of a cost-effective, digital psychosocial intervention, called DIALOG+, for treating PSD. DIALOG+ builds on existing clinician-patient relationships without requiring development of new services, making it well-fitting for healthcare systems with scarce resources.Methods: The focus group study included 174 participants (patients, clinicians, policymakers and carers), who were familiarized with DIALOG+ through a presentation. The Southeast European LMICs included in this research were: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo[1], North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. Framework analysis was used to analyse the participants’ accounts.Results: Six major themes were identified. Three themes (Intervention characteristics; Carers’ involvement; Patient and organisational benefits) were interpreted as perceived implementation facilitators. The theme Attitudes and perceived preparedness of potential adopters comprised of subthemes that were interpreted as both perceived implementation facilitators and barriers. Two other themes (Frequency of intervention delivery; Suggested changes to the intervention) were more broadly related to the intervention’s implementation. Participants were exceedingly supportive of the implementation of a digital psychosocial intervention such as DIALOG+. The attractive intervention’s characteristics, efficient use of scarce resources for its implementation and potential to improve mental health services were seen as the main implementation facilitators. The major implementation barrier identified was psychiatrists’ time constrains.Conclusions: This study yielded important insights regarding implementation of digital psychosocial interventions for people with PSD in low-resource settings by including perspectives from four stakeholder groups in five LMICs in Southeast Europe – a population and region rarely explored in the literature. The perceived limited availability of psychiatrists could be potentially resolved by increased inclusion of other mental health professionals in service delivery for PSD. These findings will be used to inform the implementation strategy of DIALOG+ across the participating countries. The study also offers insights into multi-country qualitative research. [1] By United Nations resolution 1244
smORFunction: A Tool for Predicting Functions of Small Open Reading Frames and Microproteins
Authors: Ji Xiangwen , Cui Chunmei , Cui Qinghua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Small open reading frame (smORF) is open reading frame with a length of less than 100 codons. Microproteins, translated from smORFs, have been found to participate in a variety of biological processes such as muscle formation and contraction, cell proliferation, and immune activation. Although previous studies have collected and annotated a large abundance of smORFs, functions of the vast majority of smORFs are still unknown. It is thus increasingly important to develop computational methods to annotate the functions of these smORFs. Results In this study, we collected 617,462 unique smORFs from three studies. The expression of smORF RNAs was estimated by reannotated microarray probes. Using a speed-optimized correlation algorism, the functions of smORFs were predicted by their correlated genes with known functional annotations. After applying our method to 5 known microproteins from literatures, our method successfully predicted their functions. Further validation from the UniProt database showed that at least one function of 202 out of 270 microproteins was predicted. Conclusions We developed a method, smORFunction, to provide function predictions of smORFs/microproteins in at most 265 models generated from 173 datasets, including 48 tissues/cells, 82 diseases (and normal). The tool can be available at http://www.cuilab.cn/smorfunction.
The Changing Epidemiology of Dog Bite Injuries in the United States, 2005-2018
Authors: Tuckel Peter , Milczarski William 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
In 2018, the most recent year for which data are available, dog bites ranked as the 13th leading cause of nonfatal emergency department visits in the United States. As dog ownership spirals upwards in the United States, it is important to continue to monitor the epidemiology of dog bite injuries. This study provides contemporary data on the incidence of dog bites injuries in the United States and in New York and profiles individuals who have been treated for dog bites in emergency departments. The study also examines the demographic correlates of the rate of injuries at the neighborhood level in New York city and maps the rate in each neighborhood.
Methods
At the national level, the study examines longitudinal data on dog bite injuries from 2005–2018 gathered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. For New York, the study analyzes data for 2005–2018 collected by the New York State Department of Health. A negative binomial regression analysis was performed on the state data to measure the simultaneous effects of demographic variables on the incidence of dog-related injuries. A thematically shaded map of the rate of dog bite injuries in New York city’s neighborhoods was created to identify neighborhoods with higher-than-average concentration of injuries.
Results
In both the United States and New York the rate of dog-bite injuries increased from 2005 to 2011 and then underwent a significant decline. Injuries due to dog bites, however, still remain a sizable public health problem. Injuries are more prevalent among school-age children, inhabitants of less-densely populated areas, and residents of poorer neighborhoods. In New York city, poorer neighborhoods are also associated with fewer dogs being spayed or neutered.
Conclusions
To reduce the rate of dog bite injuries, prevention programs – particularly those which center on teaching the dangers of canine interactions with humans – should be targeted at children. Dog bite injuries tend to be clustered in identifiable neighborhoods. Dog bite prevention programs and stricter enforcement of dog laws can target these neighborhoods.
Granulomatous Cholangitis Mimicking Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Fujisaki Shigeru , Takashina Motoi , Sakurai Ken-ichi , Tomita Ryouichi , Takayama Tadatoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:Hilar biliary stricture caused by isolated fungal infections in immunocompetent patients are considered to be extremely rare and difficult to the diagnose from the outset.Case presentation:We report a unique case of granulomatous cholangitis based on isolated biliary fungal infection manifesting as obstructive jaundice and mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma in an immunocompetent woman. A 67-year-old Japanese woman was referred to our hospital for obstructive jaundice. She had been followed up for hypochondroplasia by the referring physician. Her total bilirubin level was 5.4 mg/dL. Viral hepatitis screening was found to be negative, and serum IgG4 was within normal limits; however, her CA19-9 level was high. Abdominal computed tomography revealed dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Abdominal echogram detected a solid mass in the hilar bile duct. Her magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography has also revealed an abrupt stenosis of the primary biliary confluence with upstream dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage was then performed to improve the obstructive jaundice. Although biliary cytology did not reveal malignant findings, the bile duct in the hilum showed severe stenosis, and hilar cholangiocarcinoma could not be completely excluded. The patient had a developmental disorder based on chondrodystrophy. To avoid excessive surgical stress, such as hepatic lobectomy, we performed resection of the extrahepatic bile duct and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy reconstruction. Intraoperative frozen sections of the resection margins were determined to be negative for tumor. The resected specimen showed multiple strictures inside the common bile duct, numerous calculi in the lumen, and little free space. The final pathological diagnosis was granulomatous cholangitis due to fungal infection. The patient’s postoperative course was deemed uneventful. She was discharged from our hospital 23 days after surgery without antifungal treatment.Conclusions:For a unique case of granulomatous cholangitis based on isolated biliary fungal infection mimicking hilar cholangiocarcinoma, we were able to avoid excessive invasion and performed appropriate surgical management.
Pancreatic Lymphangioma Mimicking Mucinous Cystadenoma: A Report of a Rare Case
Authors: Qian Hongwei , Lu Baochun , Liu Fang , Shao Huijiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic lymphangioma (PL) is a rare benign neoplasm arising from the lymphatic system. The imaging features of PLs are valuable but not pathognomonic, distinguishing PLs from other pancreatic cystic lesions is still a great challenge.Case presentation: In our study, we present a 62-year-old woman with PL showing tumor in the distal pancreas, which was misdiagnosed as mucinous cystadenoma preoperatively. Laparoscopic cystectomy was performed after onsite assessments intraoperatively and the recovery was uneventful. Conclusions: PLs should be included in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms and a minimally invasive way for PL treatments is also of great importance. This case will be a good complement for the whole PL cohort.
Comparison of Laparoscopic and Open Partial Nephrectomy in the Treatment of T1 Renal Tumor:a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Sui Yuanming , Zhang Zongliang , Sun Huaqing , Zhao Kai , Wang Zhenlin , Zhang Yulian , Lin Chunhua , Guo Jiaming , Li Chen , Li Xueyu , Niu Haitao , Wang Ke 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective:Different surgical approaches may bring different treatment results for one disease.We thus determined to gather the current evidence to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic partial nephrecomy(LPN) and open partial nephrectomy(OPN) in the treatment of T1 renal tumor.Methods:We comprehensively researched PubMed,Embase,Google Scholar and Clinicaltrials.gov to find all referring studies(published between Jan1,2015,and Jan 1,2020 without language restrictions) .We calculated the odds ratios(OR) and standard mean difference(SMD),and analyzed their heterogeneity with RevMan 5.3 software.Results:Six studies were included finally.Comparing open partial nephrectomy, the pooled SMD of operative time was 0.14, (95% confidential index CI = [-0.11, 0.38]), the pooled SMD of estimated blood loss was -0.14, (95% CI = [-0.58, 0.31]), the pooled SMD of ischemia time was 0.57, (95% CI = [-0.02, 1.16]), the pooled SMD of length of stay was -0.55, (95% CI = [-1.12, 0.02]),and the pooled OR of positive margin was 1.02, (95% CI = [0.39, 2.68]),the pooled OR of postoperative complications was 0.74,(95% CI = [0.41, 1.36]). Conclusions:LRN had advantages on decreasing postoperative complications rate but the ischemia time of OPN was much shorter.
HANDY: A Device for Assessing Resistance to Mechanical Crushing of Maize Kernel
Authors: Su Yuan , Xu Yang , Cui Tao , Gao Xiaojun , Xia Guoyi , Li Yibo , Qiao Mengmeng , Yu Yingbo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: How to reduce the physical damage during maize kernel harvesting is a major problem for both mechanical designers and plant breeders. A limitation of addressing this problem is the lack of a reliable method for assessing kernel damage susceptibility. Previous methods of testing kernel strength lack in make a comparative discussion from the viewpoint of threshing. The design, construction and testing of a portable tool called “HANDY”, which can assess the resistance to mechanical crushing in maize kernel. A device is designed and developed that can impact the kernel with a special accelerator at a given rotating speed and then cause measurable damage of maize kernel. These factors are varied to determine the ideal parameters for operating the HANDY. Results: Baseline testing of the HANDY is performed to determine the initial range of testing parameters. The result shows that the optimum number of test times is one for one group of maize kernels. Breakage index (BI, target index of HANDY), decreased as the moisture content of kernel increased or the rotating speed decreased within the tested range. Furthermore, the HANDY exhibited a greater sensitivity in testing kernels at higher moisture level influence on susceptibility of damage maize kernel than that in Breakage Susceptibility tests, particularly when the centrifugation speed is about 1800 rpm and the disc is curved type centrifugal disc. Considering that the mechanical properties of kernels vary greatly as the moisture content changes, a subsection linear (average goodness of fit is 0.87) to predict the threshing quality is built by piecewise function analysis, which is divided by kernel moisture. Specifically, threshing quality is regarded as a function of the measured result of the HANDY.Conclusions: The HANDY provides a quantitative assessment of mechanical crushing resistance of maize kernel. The BI is demonstrated to be a more robust index than breakage susceptibility (BS) when evaluating threshing quality in harvesting in terms of both reliability and accuracy. This study also offers a new perspective for evaluating the mechanical crushing resistance of grains, and provides technical support for breeding maize varieties which are suitable for mechanical harvesting.
Xylopic Acid-Amodiaquine and Xylopic Acid-Artesunate Combinations are Effective in Managing Malaria in Plasmodium Berghei-infected Mice.
Authors: Osei Silas Acheampong , Biney Robert Peter , Obese Ernest , Agbenyeku Mary Atta-Panyi , Attah Isaac Yaw , Ameyaw Elvis Ofori , Boampong Johnson Nyarko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Evidence of plasmodium resistance to some of the current antimalarial agents makes it imperative to search for newer and effective drugs to combat malaria. Therefore, this study evaluated whether the co-administrations of xylopic acid-amodiaquine and xylopic acid-artesunate combinations will produce synergistic antimalarial effect. Methods: Antiplasmodial effect of xylopic acid (XA: 3, 10, 30, 100, 150 mg kg -1 ), artesunate (ART: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 mg kg -1 ), and amodiaquine (AQ: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg kg -1 ) were evaluated in Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice to determine respective ED 50 s. Artemether/lumefantrine (AL: 1.14/6.9) p.o. was used as the positive control. XA/ART and XA/AQ were subsequently administered in a fixed-dose combination of their ED 50 s (1:1) and the combination fractions of their ED 50 s (1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32) to determine the experimental ED 50 s (Z exp ). An isobologram was constructed to determine the nature of the interaction between XA/ART, and XA/AQ combinations by comparing Z exp with the theoretical ED 50 (Z add ). Body weight and 30-day survival post-treatment were additionally recorded. Results: ED 50 s for XA, ART, and AQ were 9.0 ± 3.2, 1.61 ± 0.6, and 3.1 ± 0.8 mg kg -1 respectively. The Z add , Z exp and interaction index for XA/ART co-administration was 5.3 ± 2.61, 1.98 ± 0.25 and 0.37, respectively while that of XA/AQ were 6.05 ± 2.0, 1.69 ± 0.42, and 0.28 respectively. The Z exp for both combination therapies lay significantly (p<0.001) below the additive isoboles showing XA acts synergistically with both ART and AQ in clearing the parasites. High doses of XA/ART combination significantly (p<0.05) increased the survival days of infected mice with a mean hazard ratio of 0.40 while all the XA/AQ combination doses showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in the survival days of infected mice with a mean hazard ratio of 0.27 similar to AL. Both XA/ART and XA/AQ combined treatments significantly (p<0.05) reduced weight loss. Conclusion: Xylopic acid co-administration with either artesunate or amodiaquine produces a synergistic anti-plasmodial effect in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA.