bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Lyapunov Exponent for Some Schrödinger Cocycles Over Strongly Expanding Circle Endomorphisms
Authors: Bjerklöv Kristian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe show that for a large class of potential functions and big coupling constant $$\lambda $$
λ
the Schrödinger cocycle over the expanding map $$x\mapsto bx ~( \text{ mod } 1)$$

x
↦
b
x

(

mod

1
)

on $$\mathbb {T}$$
T
has a Lyapunov exponent $$>(\log \lambda )/4$$

>
(
log
λ
)
/
4

for all energies, provided that the integer $$b\ge \lambda ^3$$

b
≥

λ
3

.
New lung mass in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Authors: Masiak Anna , Fijałkowska Jadwiga , Nowakowski Szymon , Smoleńska Żaneta , Zdrojewski Zbigniew 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGranulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a potentially lethal ANCA-associated small-vessel vasculitis characterized by a typical triad of upper respiratory tract, lung, and kidney involvement. Lung involvement in GPA occurs in 25–80% of cases. The most common radiographic and computed tomography (CT) abnormalities of pulmonary GPA are lung nodules and masses, very often multiple and with cavitation. As there are various clinical presentations, the diagnosis of GPA can be challenging, and the illness is difficult to distinguish from other diseases such as infection or malignancy. Following the improved survival rates in patients with GPA, there is accumulating evidence to suggest an increased occurrence of different types of cancer. Exposure to cyclophosphamide seems to be one of its main causes. We present the case of a patient with chronic GPA who was hospitalized owing to a new infiltrate in the lung, suggesting relapse of the disease, and finally diagnosed with small cell lung cancer. Data regarding lung cancer in GPA patients are limited. While there are some case reports and short case series in the literature, there are no detailed data regarding an association between CYC exposure and lung cancer development in vasculitis. It is necessary to consider the causes of pulmonary masses other than a GPA relapse. Bronchoscopy with biopsy and histopathological examination are crucial in proper differential diagnosis. GPA patients require long-term follow-up to monitor for the development of complications during treatment.
Three-year clinical experience with magnetic sphincter augmentation and laparoscopic fundoplication
Authors: Bonavina Luigi , Horbach Thomas , Schoppmann Sebastian F. , DeMarchi Janet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is a surgical intervention for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) which has been evaluated in numerous studies and has shown beneficial effects. Long-term effectiveness data for MSA as well as laparoscopic fundoplication (LF) in patients with GERD are needed.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the 3-year outcomes for MSA and LF in patients with GERD.

Methods
This prospective, multi-center, observational registry study evaluated MSA and LF in clinical practice over 3 years (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01624506). Data collection included baseline characteristics, reflux symptoms, medication use, satisfaction and complications. Post-surgical evaluations were collected at yearly intervals.

Results
Between December 2009 and December 2014, 631 patients (465 MSA and 166 LF) were enrolled in the registry. Both MSA and LF resulted in improvements in total GERD-HRQL score (mean reduction in GERD-HRQL from baseline to 3 years post-surgery: MSA 22.0 to 4.6 and LF 23.6 to 4.9) and in satisfaction (GERD-HRQL satisfaction increase from baseline to 3 years: MSA 4.6% to 78.2% and LF 3.7% to 76.5%). Most patients were able to belch as needed with both therapies (MSA 97.6% and LF 91.7% at 3 years). MSA allowed a higher percentage of patients the ability to vomit as needed (MSA 91.2% and LF 68.0% at 3 years). PPI usage declined from baseline to 3 years for both groups after surgery (MSA 97.8% to 24.2% and LF 95.8% to 19.5%). The mean procedure time was shorter for MSA than for LF. Intraoperative and procedure-related complication rates (≤ 2%) were low for both therapies.

Conclusions
This 3-year prospective observational registry study contributes to the mounting evidence for the effectiveness of MSA and LF. Despite the more severe nature of GERD in the LF group, the clinical outcomes for MSA and LF were favorable from an effectiveness and safety standpoint.
The influence of thermal stress on the physical and technical activities of soccer players: lessons from the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia
Authors: Konefał Marek , Chmura Paweł , Zacharko Michał , Baranowski Jarosław , Andrzejewski Marcin , Błażejczyk Krzysztof , Chmura Jan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present study attempts to assess changes in soccer players’ physical and technical activity profiles due to thermal stress, measured with the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), in training centres and during matches of the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. The study also verifies the theoretical models of soccer players’ physiological parameters. The study sample consisted of 945 observations of 340 players of national teams taking part in the World Cup in Russia. The measured variables included physical activities: total distance covered, distances covered with an intensity of 20–25 km/h, number of sprints; technical activities: number of shots, number of passes, pass accuracy and physiological indicators: evaporative water loss and heart rate. In addition, the final ranking places of each national team were also used in the study. The UTCI was calculated based on meteorological data recorded at training centres and during matches. The UTCI records were then classified into two ranges: NTS—no thermal stress (UTCI 9–26 °C) and TS—thermal stress (UTCI > 26 °C). Climatic conditions at soccer training centres assessed as involving “no thermal stress” are found to be more beneficial for increasing the total distance covered and the number of sprints performed by players during a match. The theoretical models for determining soccer players’ physiological parameters used in the study reduce the players’ heart rate effort and evaporative water loss, which is in line with findings in studies by other authors. The climatic conditions at soccer training centres and during tournament matches should be taken into account in planning preparations for future World Cup tournaments, especially those in hotter countries.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring of Glycemic Variability During Fasting Post-Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Al-Ozairi Ebaa , El Samad Abeer , Al Kandari Jumana , Taghadom Etab , Adam Safwaan , le Roux Carel , Syed Akheel A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Day-long fasting creates considerable metabolic stress that poses challenges in people with diabetes and those who have undergone bariatric surgery. Clinical knowledge of glucose fluctuations and the risks for such patients during fasting is limited.

Objectives
This study examined the effect of intermittent fasting on glucose excursions, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia in people with or without diabetes who had sleeve gastrectomy compared with healthy individuals.

Methods
This open-label, prospective study compared interstitial glucose profiles measured with continuous glucose monitoring system for 72 h during fasting and non-fasting periods between four groups comprising 15 participants each: people with obesity and medicine-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D) only, obesity and T2D treated with sleeve gastrectomy, obesity without T2D treated with sleeve gastrectomy, and healthy, normal-weight non-diabetic controls.

Results
The mean 72-h glucose concentration was significantly lower during the fasting period for all groups (p ≤ 0.041), with the highest glucose concentrations in the medicine-treated T2D-only group and the lowest concentrations in the sleeve gastrectomy in non-T2D group. The mean glucose profiles of all the groups showed a marked increase in interstitial glucose on breaking the fast, which was exaggerated in the two diabetes groups. The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions did not differ significantly within each group between fasting and non-fasting. No significant difference was noted in the fraction of time in the hypoglycemic range between the fasting and non-fasting periods in any group.

Conclusion
Intermittent fasting had no adverse effect on glycemic control in people with or without diabetes who had undergone sleeve gastrectomy.
Influence of kitchen structures on household exposure to firewood-induced volatile organic compounds in Senwabarwana villages
Authors: Semenya Khomotso , Machete Fannie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the extent to which kitchen structures influence household exposure to firewood-induced volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The sample consisted of 69 firewood users who were conveniently sampled from Senwabarwana Villages. An Integrated Environmental Health Risk Assessment framework (IEHRA) was adopted as the research methods of the current study. The VOC samples were collected from selected priority firewood species used in the study area, namely mushu (Umbrella thorn), mohwelere (red bushwillow), moretshe (Sickle bush), motswiri (Leadwood) and mokgwa (Black monkey thorn). Four VOCs, namely benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene were analysed from each of the selected plant species. Available literature shows that these VOCs are associated with the kind of common firewood used in the study area. The outcomes of this study reveal that mushu emits the highest concentration of the four selected VOCs, followed by moretshe, mohwelere, mokgwa and motswiri, respectively. The influence of kitchen structural factors such as number and positioning of windows, fireplace or stove type, roofing material and designs, among others on the concentration and indoor dispersion of VOCs was also investigated. Behavioural practices of households during fire making such as opening or closing of doors and windows during cooking, water heating and space heating were also found to influence exposure levels. Consequently, low VOCs emitting firewood species and kitchen structural designs have been confirmed as the key drivers of firewood-induced VOC exposure.
Intensified mid-Holocene floods recorded by archeomalacological data and resilience of first farming groups of the Carpathian Basin
Authors: Gulyás Sándor , Nagy Balázs , Sümegi Pál , Schöll-Barna Gabriella , Demény Attila 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOne of the most significant cultural transformations in European prehistory occurred in the middle of the 6th millennium BC in the heart of the Carpathian Basin. The northward expansion of Mediterranean farming groups (Starčevo-Körös-Criş cultural complex) halted and underwent a complete transformation giving rise to a new cultural group carrying an altered form of Neolithic traditions onward to Europe. This transformation is restricted to sites along a boundary found in the heart of the basin, north of which unfavorable ecological conditions hampered a long-term engagement in a Mediterranean type of agriculture. The majority of Early Neolithic Körös sites in eastern Hungary are confined to the alluvial plain of the Tisza River prone to natural biannual flooding. These wetland conditions were marginal for early farmers as it contained several elements that were hostile for herded animals and these groups were not adopted to cope with. Körös Culture pastoralists responded to these challenges posed by the new environment by complementing their diet with opportunistically exploited wild resources. This type of resilience of the first farmers seen in the alteration of traditional subsistence strategies was simply attributed to the static hostile conditions of the environment alone. Influence of dynamic changes in the hydrology has not been studied and documented so far. This paper presents a multiproxy archeomalacological approach to establish a mid-Holocene flood record in Southern Central Europe and assess the potential impacts of flood frequencies, climate change-induced higher floods on economic, societal development of the first farming groups from the heart of the Carpathian Basin. Based on our findings, intensified use of second-line subsistence resources marking resilience is coeval with intensified flooding during the second phase of cultural evolution preceding transformation. This marked transformation could have been traced regionally as well along the referred northern distribution line and is coeval with the initial phase of a minor climatic perturbation refered to as the IRD 5.b event. The southward expansion of cold waters in the North Atlantic yielded intensive cyclonic activity bringing more rain and cold weather to W Europe. In Hungary, higher continentality provided by the basin setting preserved warmer conditions. Nevertheless, increased rainfall onto the watershed of major rivers triggered heightened floods.
Compact embeddings in Besov-type and Triebel–Lizorkin-type spaces on bounded domains
Authors: Gonçalves Helena F. , Haroske Dorothee D. , Skrzypczak Leszek 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe study embeddings of Besov-type and Triebel–Lizorkin-type spaces,$${\text {id}}_\tau {:}\,{B}_{p_1,q_1}^{s_1,\tau _1}(\varOmega )\,\hookrightarrow \,{B}_{p_2,q_2}^{s_2,\tau _2}(\varOmega )$$

id
τ

:

B

p
1

,

q
1

s
1

,

τ
1

(
Ω
)

↪

B

p
2

,

q
2

s
2

,

τ
2

(
Ω
)

and $${\text {id}}_\tau {:}\,{F}_{p_1,q_1}^{s_1,\tau _1}(\varOmega ) \hookrightarrow {F}_{p_2,q_2}^{s_2,\tau _2}(\varOmega ) $$

id
τ

:

F

p
1

,

q
1

s
1

,

τ
1

(
Ω
)

↪

F

p
2

,

q
2

s
2

,

τ
2

(
Ω
)

, where $$\varOmega \subset {{\mathbb R}^d}$$

Ω
⊂

R

d

is a bounded domain, and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the compactness of $${\text {id}}_\tau $$

id
τ

. Moreover, we characterize its entropy and approximation numbers. Surprisingly, these results are completely obtained via embeddings and the application of the corresponding results for classical Besov and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces as well as for Besov–Morrey and Triebel–Lizorkin–Morrey spaces.
Development of communication mechanism for the fully coupled multiscale model of 3D compression test
Authors: Legwand Adam , Perzyński Konrad , Madej Łukasz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe implementation of a dedicated communication mechanism between micro- and macroscale models of the fully coupled multiscale numerical approach is the topic of the paper. The presented solution is based on the System V IPC message queue that is part of modern Linux-based operating systems. Developed and implemented approach is validated with a selected case study of a 3D compression test with the microscale model based on an implicit Johnson–Cook model, which is solved as a separate external process. The communication mechanism can be the basis of the efficient fully coupled FE2model.
Do cognitively stimulating activities affect the association between retirement timing and cognitive functioning in old age?
Authors: Baumann Isabel , Eyjólfsdóttir Harpa Sif , Fritzell Johan , Lennartsson Carin , Darin-Mattsson Alexander , Kåreholt Ingemar , Andel Ross , Dratva Julia , Agahi Neda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn response to the rising financial pressure on old-age pension systems in industrialised economies, many European countries plan to increase the eligibility age for retirement pensions. We used data from Sweden to examine whether (and if so, how) retirement after age 65 – the eligibility age for basic pension – compared to retiring earlier affects older adults’ (between ages 70 and 85) cognitive functioning. Using a propensity score matching (PSM) approach, we addressed the selection bias potentially introduced by non-random selection into either early or late retirement. We also examined average and heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs). HTEs were evaluated for different levels of cognitive stimulation from occupational activities before retirement and from leisure activities after retirement. We drew from a rich longitudinal data-set linking two nationally representative Swedish surveys with a register data-set and found that, on average, individuals who retire after age 65 do not have a higher level of cognitive functioning than those who retire earlier. Similarly, we did not observe HTEs from occupational activities. With respect to leisure activities, we found no systematic effects on cognitive functioning among those working beyond age 65. We conclude that, in general, retirement age does not seem to affect cognitive functioning in old age. Yet, the rising retirement age may put substantial pressure on individuals who suffer from poor health at the end of their occupational career, potentially exacerbating social- and health-related inequalities among older people.
Radial artery occlusion after cardiac catheterization and impact of medical treatment
Authors: Steinmetz Martin , Radecke Tobias , Boss Tomasz , Stumpf Max J. , Lortz Julia , Nickenig Georg , Kania Alexander , Rassaf Tienush , Rammos Christos , Schaefer Christian Alexander 
Published: July 2020

Summary: Background: The transradial artery approach is the preferred access for cardiac catheterization according to current guidelines. However, the most common complication is radial artery occlusion (RAO). Despite the rare indication for surgical reopening, the occluded radial artery is not available for further procedures or as a potential bypass graft. Still, treatment regimens for RAO are scarce. We now determined whether the addition of antithrombotic to antiplatelet therapy improves the rate of partial or complete regain of patency in RAO following transradial cardiac catheterization in a retrospective analysis. Patients and methods: In a two-center tertiary referral hospital retrospective analysis 4135 files of patients who had undergone transradial catheterization were screened for documented RAO. 141 patients were identified and 138 patients with complete information on the medical regimen and ultrasound examinations for a maximum of 3 months were included in the analysis, whereas 3 patients were excluded due to missing or incomplete follow-up information. Results: 3.3% of all patients that had undergone transradial catheterization featured an oligosymptomatic RAO, confirmed by color-coded duplex sonography. 21% of patients with additional anticoagulation regained full patency vs. 9% without additional anticoagulation (p = 0.07). 40% of patients with anticoagulation featured a partial or full regain of patency vs. 16% of patients without additional anticoagulation for a maximum of 3 months treatment (p = 0.006). No major bleedings were reported during the follow-up visits. Conclusions: RAO remains a rare complication of cardiac catheterization. The addition of antithrombotic therapy for 3 months appears to safely improve the partial or even full regain of radial patency in case of postinterventional RAO.
Molecular diagnosis of an infant with TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome
Authors: Osumi Keita , Suga Kenichi , Ono Akemi , Goji Aya , Mori Tatsuo , Kinoshita Yukiko , Sugano Mikio , Toda Yoshihiro , Urushihara Maki , Nakagawa Ryuji , Hayabuchi Yasunobu , Imoto Issei , Kagami Shoji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA 1-month-old Japanese infant with cardiac rhabdomyoma was diagnosed with TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome by targeted panel sequencing with subsequent quantitative polymerase chain reaction that revealed gross monoallelic deletion, including parts of two genes: exons 19–42 of TSC2 and exons 2–46 of PKD1. Early molecular diagnosis can help to detect bilateral renal cyst formation and multidisciplinary follow-up of this multisystem disease.
Distributed and retinotopically asymmetric processing of coherent motion in mouse visual cortex
Authors: Sit Kevin K. , Goard Michael J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPerception of visual motion is important for a range of ethological behaviors in mammals. In primates, specific visual cortical regions are specialized for processing of coherent visual motion. However, whether mouse visual cortex has a similar organization remains unclear, despite powerful genetic tools available for measuring population neural activity. Here, we use widefield and 2-photon calcium imaging of transgenic mice to measure mesoscale and cellular responses to coherent motion. Imaging of primary visual cortex (V1) and higher visual areas (HVAs) during presentation of natural movies and random dot kinematograms (RDKs) reveals varied responsiveness to coherent motion, with stronger responses in dorsal stream areas compared to ventral stream areas. Moreover, there is considerable anisotropy within visual areas, such that neurons representing the lower visual field are more responsive to coherent motion. These results indicate that processing of visual motion in mouse cortex is distributed heterogeneously both across and within visual areas.
Multivariate genomic scan implicates novel loci and haem metabolism in human ageing
Authors: Timmers Paul R. H. J. , Wilson James F. , Joshi Peter K. , Deelen Joris 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAgeing phenotypes, such as years lived in good health (healthspan), total years lived (lifespan), and survival until an exceptional old age (longevity), are of interest to us all but require exceptionally large sample sizes to study genetically. Here we combine existing genome-wide association summary statistics for healthspan, parental lifespan, and longevity in a multivariate framework, increasing statistical power, and identify 10 genomic loci which influence all three phenotypes, of which five (near FOXO3, SLC4A7, LINC02513, ZW10, and FGD6) have not been reported previously at genome-wide significance. The majority of these 10 loci are associated with cardiovascular disease and some affect the expression of genes known to change their activity with age. In total, we implicate 78 genes, and find these to be enriched for ageing pathways previously highlighted in model organisms, such as the response to DNA damage, apoptosis, and homeostasis. Finally, we identify a pathway worthy of further study: haem metabolism.
Femtosecond exciton dynamics in WSe2 optical waveguides
Authors: Sternbach Aaron J. , Latini Simone , Chae Sanghoon , Hübener Hannes , De Giovannini Umberto , Shao Yinming , Xiong Lin , Sun Zhiyuan , Shi Norman , Kissin Peter , Ni Guang-Xin , Rhodes Daniel , Kim Brian , Yu Nanfang , Millis Andrew J. , Fogler Michael M. , Schuck Peter J. , Lipson Michal , Zhu X.-Y. , Hone James , Averitt Richard D. , Rubio Angel , Basov D. N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVan-der Waals (vdW) atomically layered crystals can act as optical waveguides over a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from Terahertz to visible. Unlike common Si-based waveguides, vdW semiconductors host strong excitonic resonances that may be controlled using non-thermal stimuli including electrostatic gating and photoexcitation. Here, we utilize waveguide modes to examine photo-induced changes of excitons in the prototypical vdW semiconductor, WSe2, prompted by femtosecond light pulses. Using time-resolved scanning near-field optical microscopy we visualize the electric field profiles of waveguide modes in real space and time and extract the temporal evolution of the optical constants following femtosecond photoexcitation. By monitoring the phase velocity of the waveguide modes, we detect incoherent A-exciton bleaching along with a coherent optical Stark shift in WSe2.