bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral Resolution of a Mn3+ Spin Crossover Complex
Authors: Jakobsen Vibe B. , O'Brien Luke , Novitchi Ghenadie , Müller‐Bunz Helge , Barra Anne‐Laure , Morgan Grace G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Grace G. Morgan from University College Dublin, Ireland. The cover image shows the spin crossover profile of an enantiomerically pure Mn3+ complex that was resolved with a chiral charge‐balancing counterion.
Device‐centric communication in IoT: An energy efficiency perspective
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Ali Mudassar , Naeem Muhammad , Ahmed Ashfaq , Iqbal Muhammad , Ejaz Waleed , Anpalagan Alagan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEmerging device‐centric communication technologies such as device‐to‐device (D2D) communication, devices‐to‐device (Ds2D) communication, and multi‐homing (MH) D2D have been considered as essential parts of future fifth‐generation networks as well as Internet of Things (IoT). The device‐centric communication offers enhanced cellular data rates, high spectral efficiency, reduced latency, improved fairness, better energy efficiency, and extended coverage; however, the battery life of end devices is crucial to fully reap the benefits of this technology. In this article, a new method for device‐centric communication in IoT system is introduced, where multiple source IoT devices (SIDs) can send data to multiple destination IoT devices (DIDs) using multiple radio resource blocks. This method is called devices‐to‐devices (Ds2Ds) communication. The objective is to select the optimal SIDs, DIDs, and radio resource blocks such that the total energy efficiency for all DIDs is maximized. A tree search algorithm is proposed to select the optimal SIDs, DIDs, and radio resource blocks. Extensive simulations have been carried out to compare energy efficiency per SID/DID for Ds2Ds, Ds2D, and MH‐D2D. The simulation results show the superiority of Ds2Ds over Ds2D in terms of energy efficiency, which, in turn, implies better throughput. Furthermore, Ds2Ds is superior to MH‐D2D in terms of energy consumption per source device, a very good and promising requirement for green communication.
Interference mitigation techniques for a dense heterogeneous area network in machine‐to‐machine communications
Authors: Chen Dong , Khan Jamil , Javed Muhammad Awais , Brown Jason 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWith the advent of machine‐to‐machine communications, various networking consumer industrial, and autonomous systems exchange messages in the real world in order to achieve their objectives. Parts of these systems are comprised of short‐range wireless networks in the form of clusters that collectively cover a large geographical area. In these clusters, the nodes that represent the cluster heads need to deal with two types of communications, ie, one is within the cluster and the other is from the cluster to the sink node. As the number of clusters increases, it takes multiple hops for the cluster head to forward data to the sink node, thus resulting in a low packet delivery rate (PDR) and throughput. To solve this problem, we propose a heterogeneous area network in which the cluster head is equipped with two types of radios, ie, the IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.11 radios. The former is for the devices within the cluster to communicate, whereas the latter is for the cluster heads to communicate to the sink node. Although the IEEE 802.11 links increase the link capacity, the IEEE 802.11 radio and the IEEE 802.15.4 radio might share the 2.4 GHz unlicensed band, thus giving rise to the internetwork collisions or interference. To tackle this problem and to maintain decent quality of service for the network, we subsequently present two interference mitigation techniques, in which a blank burst period is proposed so that the IEEE 802.15.4 radios can be suspended while the IEEE 802.11 radios are active. Simulation results show the proposed two methods can effectively mitigate the internetwork collisions and are superior to the existing technique, which uses an adaptive aggregation technique to mitigate the internetwork collisions.
Transethnic meta‐analysis of metabolic syndrome in a multiethnic study
Authors: Willems Emileigh L. , Wan Jia Y. , Norden‐Krichmar Trina M. , Edwards Karen L. , Santorico Stephanie A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have been used to establish thousands of genetic associations across numerous phenotypes. To improve the power of GWAS and generalize associations across ethnic groups, transethnic meta‐analysis methods are used to combine the results of several GWAS from diverse ancestries. The goal of this study is to identify genetic associations for eight quantitative metabolic syndrome (MetS) traits through a meta‐analysis across four ethnic groups. Traits were measured in the GENetics of Noninsulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (GENNID) Study which consists of African‐American (families = 73, individuals = 288), European‐American (families = 79, individuals = 519), Japanese‐American (families = 17, individuals = 132), and Mexican‐American (families = 113, individuals = 610) samples. Genome‐wide association results from these four ethnic groups were combined using four meta‐analysis methods: fixed effects, random effects, TransMeta, and MR‐MEGA. We provide an empirical comparison of the four meta‐analysis methods from the GENNID results, discuss which types of loci (characterized by allelic heterogeneity) appear to be better detected by each of the four meta‐analysis methods in the GENNID Study, and validate our results using previous genetic discoveries. We specifically compare the two transethnic methods, TransMeta and MR‐MEGA, and discuss how each transethnic method's framework relates to the types of loci best detected by each method.
Cooling and uplift history of the Niangniangshan granitic pluton in the Xiaoqinling goldfield, central China: Implications for tectonic evolution and gold mineralization
Authors: Wang Yi‐Tian , Ye Hui‐Shou , Ye An‐Wang , Liu Shu‐Lin , Hao Jiao‐Long , Liu Jun‐Chen , Wei Ran , Huang Shi‐Kang , Sun Zheng‐Hao 
Published: October 2019

The Xiaoqinling Precambrian metamorphic terrane is located in the southern margin of the North China Craton, where it is the second largest gold‐producing province in China. The Huashan, Wenyu, and Niangniangshan granitic plutons are distributed from west to east across the Xiaoqinling terrane. To fully reveal the terrane's cooling and uplift history, a systematic thermochronological study of the Niangniangshan pluton was carried out in this work. Combined with previous data for the other two plutons, our new data allow us to draw four important conclusions: (a) The Niangniangshan granitic pluton has experienced three cooling–uplift stages, with a rapid stage from 141.7 to 118.5 Ma, a second slow stage from 118.5 to 40.3 Ma, and a final relatively rapid stage from 40.3 to 29.0 Ma. Correspondingly, the cooling rates are 17.24°C/Ma, 0.77°C/Ma, and 11.50°C/Ma. (b) The three plutons experienced similar post‐emplacement rapid cooling stages until ca. 120 Ma, with high cooling rates of about 17–20°C/Ma. Subsequently, their host terrane entered a long period of tectonic quiescence with cooling rates of less than 1°C/Ma. A new diachronous rapid cooling stage began first in the west at 57 Ma, then in the centre at 45 Ma, and finally in the east at 40 Ma with markedly different cooling rates. In this latter rapid stage, the Huashan and Wenyu plutons experienced a much more rapid cooling and uplift than the Niangniangshan pluton, resulting in the higher elevations and larger outcrop area of granitoids in the west and centre of the terrane than in the east. Consequently, the present topography of the Xiaoqinling terrane was close to present‐day form by the Eocene–Oligocene. (c) The emplacement of the three plutons was prior to the regional extension and detachment faulting in the Xiaoqinling terrane, with the evolution of magmatic thermal domes triggering development of the Xiaoqinling metamorphic core complex. (d) Gold mineralization of the Xiaoqinling goldfield took place at ca. 132–125 Ma, which was coeval with the early rapid cooling stage of the plutons and the extensional detachment faulting of the Xiaoqinling metamorphic core complex. Regionally, the gold mineralization overlaps lithospheric thinning and asthenospheric upwelling below the entire eastern part of the North China Craton that occurred during the major extensional regime in the late Early Cretaceous.
Is there equity in initial access to formal dementia care in Europe? The Andersen Model applied to the Actifcare cohort
Authors: Kerpershoek Liselot , de Vugt Marjolein , Wolfs Claire , Orrell Martin , Woods Bob , Jelley Hannah , Meyer Gabriele , Bieber Anja , Stephan Astrid , Selbæk Geir , Michelet Mona , Wimo Anders , Handels Ron , Irving Kate , Hopper Louise , Gonçalves‐Pereira Manuel , Balsinha Conceição , Zanetti Orazio , Portolani Daniel , Verhey Frans ,   the Actifcare Consortium
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesIn the current study, the Anderson model is used to determine equitable access to dementia care in Europe. Predisposing, enabling, and need variables were investigated to find out whether there is equitable access to dementia‐specific formal care services. Results can identify which specific factors should be a target to improve access.MethodsA total of 451 People with middle‐stage dementia and their informal carers from eight European countries were included. At baseline, there was no use of formal care yet, but people were expected to start using formal care within the next year. Logistic regressions were carried out with one of four clusters of service use as dependent variables (home social care, home personal care, day care, admission). The independent variables (predisposing, enabling, and need variables) were added to the regression in blocks.ResultsThe most significant predictors for the different care clusters are disease severity, a higher sum of (un)met needs, hours spent on informal care, living alone, age, region of residence, and gender.ConclusionThe Andersen model provided for this cohort the insight that (besides need factors) the predisposing variables region of residence, gender, and age do play a role in finding access to care. In addition, it showed us that the numbers of hours spent on informal care, living alone, needs, and disease severity are also important predictors within the model's framework. Health care professionals should pay attention to these predisposing factors to ensure that they do not become barriers for those in need for care.
An extreme flood caused by a heavy snowfall over the Indigirka River basin in Northeastern Siberia
Authors: Tei Shunsuke , Morozumi Tomoki , Nagai Shin , Takano Shinya , Sugimoto Atsuko , Shingubara Ryo , Fan Rong , Fedorov Alexander , Gavrilyeva Tuyara , Tananaev Nikita , Maximov Trofim 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFlooding is one of the greatest disasters that produces strong effects on the ecosystem and livelihoods of the local population. Flood frequency is expected to increase globally making its risk assessment an urgent issue. In spring‐summer 2017, an extreme flooding occurred in the Indigirka River lowland of Northeastern Siberia that inundated a large area. In this study, the extent and climatic drivers of the flooding were determined using the results of field observations, satellite images, and climate reanalysis dataset, and its possible effects on the ecosystem were discussed. In 2017, a significant lowland area of around 16,016 km2 was covered with water even in July, which was 5,217 km2 (around 4% of the total area) greater than the water‐covered area in 2015 when usual hydrological condition in the area was observed. The hydrographic signature obtained for the Indigirka River water level in 2017 was unusual. Although the water level rose sharply at the end of May (which was typical for the Arctic region), it did not fall afterwards and even increased again to an annual daily maximum value in the middle of July. The climate reanalysis dataset obtained for the temporal–spatial variations of snow water equivalent, snowmelt, and runoff over the lowland revealed that a large amount of snowmelt runoff in June and July 2017 produced a large water‐covered area and unusually high river water levels that lasted until summer. Snow depth from winter to spring was largest in 2017 over the period from 2009 to 2017, and the surface of the lower reach of the lowland was partially covered with snow even in the end of June due to the extreme snowfall that occurred in October 2016. Such unusual hydrological conditions waterlogged most trees over the lowland, which caused serious ecosystem devastation and changes in the material cycle.
Polymethyl methacrylate does not adversely affect the osteogenic potential of human adipose stem cells or primary osteoblasts
Authors: Bastidas‐Coral Angela P. , Bakker Astrid D. , Kleverlaan Cornelis J. , Hogervorst Jolanda M. A. , Klein‐Nulend Jenneke , Forouzanfar Tymour 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCustom‐made polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is used to treat cranial bone defects but whether it is cytotoxic is still unsure. Possible PMMA‐induced adverse effects in vivo affect mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts at the implant site. We aimed to investigate whether PMMA affects osteogenic and osteoclast activation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells and/or osteoblasts. Immediately after polymerization, PMMA was added to cultured human adipose stem cells (hASCs) or human osteoblasts (hOBs). Medium lactate dehydrogenase was measured (day 1), metabolic activity, proliferation, osteogenic and osteoclast‐activation marker expression (day 1 and 7), and mineralization (day 14). PMMA did not affect lactate dehydrogenase, KI67 gene expression, or metabolic activity in hASCs and hOBs. PMMA transiently decreased DNA content in hOBs only. PMMA increased COL1 gene expression in hASCs, but decreased RUNX2 in hOBs. PMMA did not affect osteocalcin or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression, ALP activity, or mineralization. Only in hOBs, PMMA decreased RANKL/OPG ratio. In conclusion, PMMA is not cytotoxic and does not adversely affect the osteogenic potential of hASCs or hOBs. Moreover, PMMA does not enhance production of osteoclast factors by hASCs and hOBs in vitro. Therefore, PMMA bone cement seems highly suitable to treat patients with cranial bone defects.
The epicenter of chromosomal fragility of Fra14A2, the mouse ortholog of human FRA3B common fragile site, is largely attached to the nuclear matrix in lymphocytes but not in other cell types that do not express such a fragility
Authors: Guadarrama‐Ponce Rolando , Aranda‐Anzaldo Armando 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCommon fragile sites (CFSs) correspond to chromosomal regions susceptible to present breaks, discontinuities or constrictions in metaphase chromosomes from cells subjected to replication stress. They are considered as genomic regions intrinsically difficult to replicate and they are evolutionary conserved at least in mammals. However, the recent discovery that CFSs are cell‐type specific indicates that DNA sequence by itself cannot account for CFS instability. Nevertheless, the large gene FHIT that includes FRA3B, the most highly expressed CFS in human lymphocytes, is commonly deleted in a variety of tumors suggesting a tumor suppressor role for its product. Here, we report that the epicenter of fragility of Fra14A2/Fhit, the mouse ortholog of human FRA3B/FHIT that like its human counterpart is the most highly expressed CFS in mouse lymphocytes, is largely attached to the nuclear matrix compartment in naive B lymphocytes but not in primary hepatocytes or cortical neurons that do not express such a CFS. Our results suggest a structural explanation for the difficult‐to‐replicate nature of such a region and so for its common fragility in lymphocytes, that is independent of the possible tumor suppressor role of the gene harboring such CFS.
Human gingival derived neuronal cells in the optimized caffeic acid hydrogel for hemitransection spinal cord injury model
Authors: Subbarayan Rajasekaran , Barathidasan Rajamani , Raja Selvaraj T. K. , Arumugam Gnanamani , Kuruvilla Sarah , Shanthi Palanivelu , Ranga Rao Suresh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSpinal cord injury induces scar formation causes axonal damage that leads to the degeneration of axonal function. Still, there is no robust conceptual design to regenerate the damaged axon after spinal injury. Therefore, the present study demonstrates that human gingival derived neuronal stem cells (GNSCs) transplants in the injectable caffeic acid bioconjugated hydrogel (CBGH) helps to bridge the cavity and promote the engraftment and repopulation of transplants in the injured spinal tissue. Our study reports that the bioluminescence imaging in vivo imaging system (IVIS) provides a satisfactory progression in CBGH‐GNSCs transplants compare to lesion control and CBGH alone. Immune regulators interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐α, neutrophil elastase are decreased, IL‐10 is increased. Likewise, immunostaining (TAU/TUJ‐1, SOX‐2/NeuN, MAP‐2/PSD93, NSE, S100b, and GFAP) shown repopulated cells. Also, TRA‐1‐81 expression confirms the absence of immune rejection in the CBGH‐GNSCs transplants. However, locomotor recovery test, gene (IL‐6, CASPASE3, p14‐ARF, VEGF, LCAM, BDNF, NT3, NGN2, TrKc, FGF2, Sox‐2, TUJ‐1, MAP‐2, Nestin, and NeuN) and protein expression (TAU, TUJ‐1, SOX‐2 MAP‐2, PSD93, NeuN, TRA‐1‐81, GFAP, TAU, and MBP) shows functional improvements in the CBGH‐GNSCs group. Further, GABA and glutamine level demonstrates the new synaptic vesicle formation. Hence, the CBGH scaffold enhances GNSCs transplants to restore the injured spinal tissue.
Genome‐wide screening and cohorts validation identifying novel lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Chuanjie , Huang Da , Liu Ao , Xu Yang , Na Rong , Xu Danfeng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractsClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the main subtype of renal cell carcinoma with varied prognosis. We aimed to identify and assess the possible prognostic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) biomarkers. LncRNAs expression data and corresponding clinical information of 619 ccRCC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. Differentially expressed genes analysis, univariate Cox regression, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model were utilized to identify hub lncRNAs. Multivariate Cox regression was used to establish the risk model. Statistical analysis was performed using R 3.5.3. The expression value of five lncRNAs and the risk‐score levels were significantly associated with a survival prognosis of ccRCC patients (all P < .001). In the TCGA validation cohort, the area under the curve (AUC) for the integrated nomogram was 0.905 and 0.91 for 3‐, 5‐year prediction separately. The AUC reached up to 0.757 in an independent ICGC cohort. Besides, the calibration plots also illustrated well curve‐fitting between observation values and predictive values. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis and subsequent pathway analysis revealed that the PI3K‐Akt‐mTOR and hypoxia‐inducible factor signaling crosstalk might function as the most essential mechanisms related to the five‐lncRNAs signature. Our study suggested that lncRNA AC009654.1, AC092490.2, LINC00524, LINC01234, and LINC01885 were significantly associated with ccRCC prognosis. The prognostic model based on this five lncRNA may predict the overall survival of ccRCC.
Effect of NH3 and organic loading on the inhibition of mesophilic high‐solid digestion
Authors: Jahn Lydia , Baumgartner Thomas , Krampe Jörg , Svardal Karl 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe construction of small digesters will become more important for regions with demographic increase and limited areas. Savings of digester volume and a subsequently smaller footprint can be realized by the treatment of a more thickened raw sludge (high‐solid digestion). However, this operation can lead to instabilities of the anaerobic process due to rising ammonium and ammonia levels. The aim of the study was to identify the limit of saving digester volume by increasing the total suspended solids (TSS) of the treated raw sludge.RESULTSThe effects of high TSS and ammonia levels in the digested sludge were investigated in lab‐scale reactors. Ammonium nitrogen (NH4‐N) levels were set by dosing a urea solution as well as by feeding a higher concentrated raw sludge. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal declined from 64 to 54% with NH4‐N levels rising from 2000 to 3200 mg L−1. However, the anaerobic biodegradation was not completely interrupted, which indicates the possible adaptation of anaerobic bacteria on high NH4‐N levels.CONCLUSIONFrom the results, it can be concluded that dewatering the raw sludge up to 7% TSS leads to an optimum benefit with maximum savings in digester volume. The benefits of the operation with high solids are a lower energy demand for heating up the raw sludge and reduced construction costs (−20%) due to smaller required digester volumes. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 antibody in blood donors at the National Blood Transfusion Center in Kinshasa
Authors: Chabo Byaene Alain , Kabututu Zakayi Pius , Abou Rayia Dina Moustafa , El‐Sokkary Mohamed Mohamed Adel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHuman parvovirus B19 (PVB19) is a cosmopolitan DNA virus transmissible parenterally by blood transfusion. Therefore, the risk of transmission through asymptomatic blood donors should be considered and appropriately managed worldwide. PVB19 screening of blood and blood products for transfusion is not done routinely in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The main objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of PVB19 infection in healthy eligible blood donors in Kinshasa, capital of the DRC, located in the western part of the DRC, and the association of infection with the sociodemographic characteristics of blood donors.Materials and MethodsA total of 360 whole blood donors who attended the National Center of Blood Transfusion were examined for anti‐PVB19 IgG and IgM antibodies by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. Sociodemographic information was collected on the blood donors. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 21.ResultsAmong the study group, 289 men and 52 women were infected with PVB19. The mean age was 32.7 ± 9.8 years, 48.6% of donors were positive only for PVB19 IgG antibodies while 40.8% were positive for both IgG and IgM antibodies. In addition, 5.3% were positive only for PVB19 IgM antibodies and so were considered as a potential group of PVB19 transfusion–transmission. PVB19 seropositivity was significantly associated with sex, with a higher prevalence in men. In multivariate analysis, male sex and Tshangu district have emerged as major factors associated to PVB19 seropositivity.ConclusionsThis research showed that recipients of blood and blood products in Kinshasa are at a high risk (5.3%) of transfusion‐transmitted PVB19 infection. Therefore, the implementation of PVB19 nucleic acid testing assays capable of detecting all PVB19 genotypes and discard donations with high titer PVB19 DNA for blood products seems to be necessary.