bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat Pumps for Central Russia: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Krylov E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the prospects of saving resources when using heat pumps for heating buildings. Based on climate data and new regulations in the construction industry, an indicator of the specific consumption of heat energy for heating one square meter of area for the central Russia is determined. For a typical building, it is shown that, in terms of the total cost of operation, a heat pump installation can successfully compete with an electric boiler and a liquid fuel boiler. The main problems that impede the wider introduction of heat pumps in Russia are identified. An example of a heating unit based on heat pumps for a rural school building is given.
CFD Simulation of Multi-Outdoor Unit Configuration Design for a Building
Authors: Ba Chien Nguyen , Viet Dung Nguyen , Quoc Dung Trinh , Tien Cuong Nguyen , Hiep Le Kieu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, we investigate a numerical analysis of outdoor unit (ODU) configuration design by a three-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes computational fluid dynamic simulation. The model was conducted from an actual building design with 10 floors and 5 ODUs each. The numerical results were used to trace back the ODUs in which the insufficient heat reject may happen. The velocity, temperature and pressure distribution were also analyzed. The importance of avoiding air recirculation around the OUDs is presented. Finally, by evaluating the airflow, this approach can significantly reduce the designing fault and help designers determine the ideal position of OUDs.
Multi-objective Optimization of Solar System Sizing in Households with Common Heat Sources
Authors: Novotny J , Matuska T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
According to following worldwide trend to decrease energy and environmental performance of the building sector, the utilization of renewable energy sources represents a key toward sustainable buildings. The aim of this paper is to introduce an optimization methodology for solar system sizing (photovoltaics and solar thermal collectors) with using a multi-objective optimization for single family house with space heating, domestic hot water preparation and user/appliances electricity consideration. Optimization is based on three objectives: non-renewable primary energy, carbon emissions and total costs. Optimization procedure is performed by interconnection of simulation tool TRNSYS and MATLAB with using genetic algorithm. In TRNSYS, four different heat sources (electric heater, natural gas boiler, wooden fuel boiler and air source heat pump) combined with photovoltaic and solar thermal system have been modelled. Presented case study provides results of optimization for given family house.
The Impact of Ceiling Geometry and its Sensitivity on Daylighting and Energy Performance of Skylights
Authors: Irakoze Amina , Han Kim Kee 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study aimed at the assessment of the actual building ceiling depth on the predictions of skylight performance. Using the integrated Radiance and EnergyPlus simulation tools, daylighting and energy performance of skylight to roof ratios from 1% to 25% with a ceiling depth of 1.5 m to 3 m were assessed and analyzed. The results showed that including the ceiling depth into simulation model greatly affected the predictions of the skylight performance. Through a sensitivity analysis, the study indicated that the impact of ceiling geometry increased as the skylight’s contribution to the reduction of building energy consumption increased with 6% skylight to roof ratio being the most sensitive to the ceiling depth. The integrated daylighting and building energy optimization concluded that 8%, 9%, 10% and 11% skylight to roof ratios were optimal for a ceiling depth of 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m and 3 m, respectively. The results induced that for skylight related investigations, building ceiling geometry should be included in the simulation models as it plays a crucial role in the actual performance of skylights.
An Energy Evaluation of Multi-residential Buildings in South Korea Using Gas Utilities
Authors: Sung Choi Han , Han Kim Kee 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate energy performance of existing multi-residential buildings and classify them according to their energy efficiencies. 200 households from four different aging multi-residential buildings were selected and analyzed. By applying monthly gas consumption of a whole year to Inverse Model Toolkit, the heating slope and change-point temperature coefficients were calculated and used for energy performance evaluation. As a result, the older buildings were classified to the category of the poor energy performer that needs to be remodeled for improving their energy efficiency.
A Calculation of Energy Consumption for Residential Air Conditioners using Bin Method in the Vietnamese Climatic Conditions
Authors: Dung Trinh Quoc , Anh Vu Tuan , Dzung Nguyen Viet , Luong Pham Hoang , Ha Thi Tran Thu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the calculations of energy consumption of residential air conditioners using bin method in the Vietnamese climate. Data of 48 types of the air-cooled air conditioners (i.e. 24 non-inverter and 24 inverter) made by 6 main manufacturers in the Vietnamese market have been used in this work. The nominal cooling capacity of the air conditioners is in the range of 9000 BTU/h and 24000 BTU/h. Based on the climate data gathering from 1983 to 2000 according to the National technical regulation on climatic data for building of the Ministry of Construction (QCVN 02:2009), the reference outdoor temperature bin distribution was established in the paper. The calculations of the energy consumption have been carried out for cities, namely Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh city which are representatives of 3 typical climatic zones in Vietnam. The results show that the cooling seasonal energy consumption of the inverter air conditioners is lower than those with non-inverter compressors. Energy consumption for the air conditioners of the manufacturers and the impact of the climate conditions on efficiency were investigated in the study, also. The cooling seasonal performance factor ( ) and assessment of CO2 emissions of different types of air conditioners (i.e. water-cooled air conditioner, etc) for buildings in Vietnam will be shown in the next papers.
Spring-back of Wood after Longitudinal Compression
Authors: Báder M , Németh R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Longitudinal compression of natural wood makes it easier to bend. Fixation after compression results in improved changes in the properties of this environmentally friendly material. The usage of this modified wood helps to make curved wood products with much less waste, without chemicals. Using 20% compression ratio followed by fixation for 1 minute results in optimal properties for laboratory investigations. As a result of this treatment, oak wood is shortened averagely by 3.84% due to its natural spring-back ability. The aim of this study is to determine not only the level, but the duration of spring-back of wood after its longitudinal compression. Wood remains always a living organism with a natural structure, actively responding to environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity of the air. Its moisture content follows the circumstances and changes its properties, for example, it shrinks when its moisture content decreases. Longitudinal compression (aka pleating) multiplies the dimension change of wood in its longitudinal direction, compared to untreated wood. In this study, the remaining shortening of pleated wood was averagely 5.50% after spring-back and drying shrinkage.
Review on Present Situation of Groundwater Scenario on Kolkata Municipal Area
Authors: Bose S , Mazumdar A , Basu S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Kolkata is one of the most important city in Asian subcontinent. River Ganga is on its west. Kolkata located on gangetic deltaic plain. It is situated on Bengal basin. A typical groundwater situation exists in Kolkata municipality area. The presence of semi confined and confined aquifers can be observed. Different types of study on the scenario of groundwater on Kolkata municipal area has already been discussed they have contributed their valuable observation regarding this. A certain amount of daily consumption of water is to be fulfilled by extraction of groundwater. Urban development in this city is making an adverse effect on groundwater. Several types of hydro chemical composition can be observed in groundwater. There is possibility of presence of harmful arsenic in certain places. Due to extensive extraction of groundwater, possibility of land subsidence can affect as consequence. As for further study, there is limited scope due to unavailability of updated dataset. There should be strict governance and fruitful implementation to maintain sustainability of groundwater. This paper further studies on groundwater situation on municipal area of Kolkata with overall perspective and informative manner.
A Review on the Decadal Irrigation System of Shali Water Reservoir
Authors: Halder S , Das S , Basu S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Irrigation is a prime factor for agriculture, fishing and afforestation in two water scant districts namely Bankura and Purulia of West Bengal province in India. To fulfill such purposes, Shali reservoir was erected on the Shali River near Bhairabpur village of Gangajalghati block at Bankura district in 1978. After the four decades of construction it was found that only a few studies were conducted by previous researchers on Shali reservoir. In these four decades many things like population, climate, soil type, reservoir life, hydro-meteorological parameters like rainfall pattern, evaporation rates etc., people’s behavior on water utilizations, river morphology -have been changed over periods. Therefore it is most needed to bring together all those previous researches for finding out the new need of any further detail research on Shali reservoir. This paper aims to coalesce all those researches in a succinct manner for the benefit of the people of Gangajalghati block in Bankura.
The Potential Plastic Oil Production from Plastics Waste (PET and LDPE) in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Khairil  , Kumar Rajuwardi , Meurah Indra Riayatsyah Teuku , Jalaluddin  , Edhy Sofyan Sarwo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Plastics are non-degradable polymers which contain carbon, hydrogen and others elements (chlorine, nitrogen, etc.). Due to its non-biodegradable nature, this compound contributes significantly to the problem of the environmental issues. One of the solutions to solve the plastic waste problem is to convert to plastic oil. Waste plastic oil (WPO) production from Polyethylene terephthalate PET and/or Low-density poly ethylene LDPE oils is an effective way to meet requirement for fuel supply to internal combustion engine. This study evaluated the potential WPO production from PET and LDPE were collected and extracted from Aceh, Indonesia. Moreover, WPO has been produced by using thermal cracking methods under pyrolysis process. The properties of the WPO produced such as viscosity, density, acid value, research octane number (RON) and heating value have been determined. After analysing these properties, it could be concluded that it is possible to obtain diesel fuel from LDPE and gasoline fuel from PET. The WPO could be used as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines in the future, having two benefits: to recover energy from waste and reduce the environmental problems caused by this waste.
The Influence of Straw Treatment by Acid Hydrolysis on Methane Production Efficiency of Agricultural Biogas Plant
Authors: Janczak D , Dach J , Oniszczuk T , Pulka J , Combrzyński M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Straw is largely produce raw material which can have many different uses. One of the most promising applications is the straw usage as substrate for biogas plant feeding. However, it has to be underlined that straw is not easily degradable material because of higher content of lignocellulose compounds. That is why in order to make straw more susceptible for anaerobic digestion process, it has to pass by some pre-treatments (mechanical, thermal, biological etc.). The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of straw treatment by acid hydrolysis (AH) on methane production efficiency in the anaerobic digestion process. In order to increase the digestibility of straw, whole material was also pre-treated by extrusion process. The methane productivity was tested under standard German methodology DIN 38 414/S8 in Ecotechnologies Laboratory (ET) at Institute of Biosystems Engineering. ET, with 250 different fermenters, is the biggest Polish biogas laboratory. The results have shown that acid hydrolysis (happened in pH<4.5 for 48 hours) strongly influenced on methane productivity growth. Extruded straw without acid hydrolysis produced 186.09 m3/Mg of Fresh Mass (224.23 m3/Mg of Volatile Solids) while straw after treatment with acid hydrolysis reached 248.17 Mg of FM (279.43 m3/Mg of VS). Result obtained after acid hydrolysis has showed the growth by 33.4% comparing to treatment without AH. We found also the growth of methane content in produced biogas. The biogas obtained from straw fermented without acid hydrolysis had 49.07% of CH4 while after AH the CH4 content reached 52% (almost 6% more). This result shows clearly that application of acid hydrolysis to real scale biogas plant can clearly decrease the annual consumption of straw reaching by app. 1500 Mg for the installation class 500 kW of electric power.
Vulnerability and Readiness of Malaysian Economy in the Context of Environment Degradation
Authors: Tan Chuie-Hong , Ho Sin-Ban 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The threat of climate change and environment degradation has influenced tourist activities. The purpose of this study is to quantify the effects of climate change on tourism and economy in Malaysia. The vulnerability and readiness to climate change that impact tourism and economy are examined. The empirical results reveal the effect of vulnerability is greater than the readiness components in both tourism and overall economy in Malaysia. Health factors on vulnerability to climate change are significantly jeopardizing both tourism and overall economy in Malaysia. Besides that, greenhouse gas emissions and SARS epidemic disease also contributes to the losses of tourism industry in Malaysia.
Fact-finding During Quick Response to Disaster: School Students’ Response to the Environment
Authors: Dewi OC , Saskia CS , Dewi MBV , Anjari AR , Chairunissa I 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEarthquakes, floods, and landslides are frequent disasters in Indonesia. They can happen anytime. Recently Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, together with the Indonesian Red Cross in Bogor Regency and its volunteers squat (SIBAT) had conducted disaster role-playing as a preparedness program for elementary school students. The role-play was aimed to introduce a quick response for elementary school students by the time the disaster happened at their school. Two kinds of disasters were chosen based on the school location's characteristics: flooding and earthquake. The method involved in this study is action-research. In the end, the students were asked to draw their spatial experience in one piece of paper as a reflection. Additionally, the team also gave feedback questions or quiz to measure the starting point of the role-playing which expected to shape their new knowledge. For in-depth aspects, the students also received a badge as the inauguration sign of “Agent of responsive to disaster”. This paper outlines the fact-finding during the role-playing as the students' response to the environment. The findings are useful as the baseline for a disaster quick response preparedness module for elementary students' development.
Effect of a winglet on the Power Augmentation of Straight Bladed Darrieus Wind Turbine
Authors: Malla Anamika , Han Zhaolong , Zhou Dai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
There has been an increased interest in enhancing the relatively low power coefficient of the Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWTs) for wider applications. Winglets are an effective solution for improving the aerodynamic performance in the aerospace field, and this paper numerically studies the aerodynamic effect of adding a winglet on the blade of a VAWT. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) base model is verified by experimental data from the available literature. The present work compares the effect of a winglet on the turbine performance of a VAWT. As a result, the power performance of the turbine with the appended winglets increases. The winglet assists in maintaining the pressure between the two sides of the blades. And, thus, weakens the tip vortex and improves the aerodynamic efficiency of the turbine blade.
Potential of Bioelectricity Generation in Plant-Microbial Fuel Cells Growing House Plants
Authors: Pamintuan Kristopher Ray S. , Calma Maria Aira L. , Feliciano Kristine Anne D. , Lariba Keith Jones Paul D. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Although renewable sources of energy including geothermal, hydropower, wind, solar and biomass are utilized by the Philippines, coal-fired power plants remain the main source of electrical energy consumed by Filipino households. To lessen the nation’s dependence on fossil fuels, new and innovative sources of renewable energy should be explored. Plant-Microbial Fuel Cells (PMFCs) are a promising renewable energy technology that can be used to supplement our demand for electricity. PMFCs utilize the metabolic processes of certain bacteria in the roots of a plant to generate clean electricity. This study tested the potential of generating electricity from three common house plants in a PMFC set-up: Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum), Portulaca Flower (Portulaca oleracea), and Dumb Canes (Dieffenbachia amoena). A simple set-up was prepared using low-cost materials. Open circuit voltage and current was continuously monitored to determine the power output of the PMFCs. C. comosum registered the highest maximum power density out of the three plants, at 30.39 mW/m2. The results of this study has direct implications to how house plants are kept. Instead of keeping them for aesthetics, the added value of green energy produced can be valuable for powering devices in-situ.
The Environmental Factors for Establishing Mazu Temple – A Case Study of Citian Temple in Taiwan
Authors: Pan Shih-hui , Fang Zhou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In traditional Chinese culture, the religious belief of the geographical environment, should be considered in the establishment of any temple. This paper points out that the establishment of Mazu Temple must be in accordance to the Geomancy of traditional Chinese culture, and examine the surrounding environment and its relation to Geomantic points. On the placement of the inner deities, we should also carefully place them in accordance with the believers’ cognition of the level of deities, and the pattern of ethical difference between the left and the right. All these indicate the traditional Chinese ideology of environment and living space.
Application of Atmospheric Cold Plasma for Inactivation of Spoilage and Pathogen Microorganisms
Authors: Eshtiaghi M N , Nakthong N , Chumpolkulwong Namthip , Acharawaranon Pichit 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The effect of cold atmospheric plasma (ACP) technique on inactivation of selected microorganisms was investigated. To study the effect of cold plasma on microorganism inactivation Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma was applied. The inactivation of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and 4 pathogen microorganisms (Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus) using DBD cold plasma were investigated. The results have shown that yeast can be effectively inactivated on agar plate within 5 min cold plasma treatment. Adding H2O2 in concentration of 2 or 5% on agar plate improved the inactivation of microorganisms using cold plasma. Furthermore, it was observed that it is possible to inactive pathogen microorganisms on agar plate using DBD cold plasma within 3 to 5 min treatment time. Up to 57%, 96%, 91% and 94 % pathogen microorganisms inactivation was achieved after 1 min DBD plasma treatments of S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, and S. typhimurium respectively.
Pulsed Electric Field Treatment of Sugar Beet
Authors: Nakthong N. , Eshtiaghi M N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The effect of high electric filed pulses on sugar extraction from sugar beet strip during continuous pilot scale extraction was investigated. The results have shown that sugar beet strip could be extracted at moderate temperature (35-50°C) using PEF pre-treatment. The sugar extraction yield of PEF pre-treated samples was about 98.5 to 99.8 % (for extraction times of 30 an 70 min at 50 °C respectively). In contrast, the sugar extraction yield for untreated samples was distinct lower (92.5 % at 50 °C, 30 min and 94 % at 50 °C and 70 min extraction time. In additions, the pressing of PEF pre-treated extracted pulp was more effective than thermal extracted (at 70 °C) sample. Furthermore, the drying of PEF pre-treated extracted pulp was faster than drying of pulp from thermal extracted sample. The results of this study confirmed that the PEF technique is an energy and time saving method for continuous sugar beet processing.
Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil to Glycerol by Halal Microbial Lipase
Authors: Maegala N M , Anupriya S , Hazeeq Hazwan A , Nor Suhaila Y , Hasdianty A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Environmental concern over discharge of waste cooking oil (WCO) has been on the rise. This is particularly alarming since the chain of fast food restaurants in Malaysia is thriving and therefore escalate the usage of cooking oil. Therefore, there is a challenge to manage the abundance of WCO generated by this industry. Interestingly, WCO presents as economical and readily available substrate for the conversion to biodiesel and surplus of crude glycerol which has numerous applications particularly in the food industry to manufacture artificial sweetener. However, concern arises among the Muslim populations on the source of enzyme lipase which is applied for the conversion of WCO to glycerol since the commercially available lipase for this purpose often originates from porcine. Therefore, the present study embarks on the concept of sustainability by converting waste cooking oil by halal microbial lipase to glycerol. Lipase from Rhodococcus sp. strain NAM81 demonstrated high affinity towards the substrate (Km = 1.9349 % (v/v)) and accelerated the rate of olive oil conversion (Vmax = 0.602 mU/mg/hour). The findings of WCO conversion by lipase was comparable to positive control using chemical oxidation indicating the applicability of the enzyme in industry. Therefore, production of high titre of rhodococci lipase will be attempted for future study.