bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical field‐assisted deep eutectic solvent processing: A green and water‐saving extraction and separation technology
Authors: Zhou Cunshan , Adeyanju Adeyemi Ayotunde , Nwonuma Charles Obiora , Inyinbor Adejumoke A. , Alejolowo Omokolade Oluwaseyi , Al‐Hamayda Asmaa , Akinsemolu Adenike , Onyeaka Helen , Olaniran Abiola F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExtraction of organic and bioactive compounds from plant materials with the traditional organic solvents aided by water or oil bath heating is not sustainable, because it consumes a lot of energy, time, water/oil, solvents, and results in lower yield. This review discusses deep eutectic solvent (DES) as a green solvent, physical field technology (PFT) as a water‐saving and green technology, and how the coupling of PFT (ultrasound [US], microwave [MW], infrared [IR]) to DES will improve the yield and quality of protein, polysaccharides, polyphenols, pectin, and terpenoids extracted from plant materials. Ultrasonication increases DES extraction efficiency via cavitation dislodgement and pores creation. IR coupling to DES enhances the extraction yield of polyphenols and the antioxidant and antiradical activity. MW improves DES extraction yield, reduces energy consumption, operational cost, and compound degradation, and is inferred to be the greenest technology.
Medium chain triglycerides alleviate non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease through bile acid‐mediated FXR signaling pathway: A comparative study with common vegetable edible oils
Authors: Yue Hao , Jia Min , Li Baorui , Zong Aizhen , Du Fangling , Xu Tongcheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the global epidemic trend of obesity, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a significant cause of chronic liver disease, seriously affecting human health. Medium‐chain triglycerides (MCT) with a fatty acid chain length varying between 6 and 10 carbon atoms (most sources from coconut and palm kernel oils), which exhibited activities to improve lipid metabolism, prevent cardiovascular diseases, and enhance immunity. However, the efficacy differences and potential mechanisms between MCT and traditional long‐chain vegetable oils (palm oil, PA; high oleic peanut oil, OA) in obesity‐induced NAFLD were still unclear. The present study treated obesity‐induced NAFLD mice with different dietary lipids for 16 weeks. The results showed that MCT supplements significantly improved abnormal elevation of weight gain and blood lipids and reduced hepatic lipid accumulation to a greater extent than PA and OA. Furthermore, bile acid profiling results indicated that MCT significantly changed the composition of bile acids in the liver, reduced the concentrations of cholic acid (CA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), β‐muricholic acid (β‐MCA), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and increased the concentrations of chenodeoxycholic Acid (CDCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid （TCDCA), hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), and taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA). Mechanistically, MCT supplement upregulated FXR signal and inhibited the expression of key genes for triglyceride synthesis in the liver, thereby reducing hepatic lipid accumulation. In summary, MCT exerted a superior effect on PA and OA in improving obesity‐induced NAFLD. These results provided new evidence for the application of MCT in treating NAFLD.
Evaluation of plan quality, safety, and toxicity of brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer in an Australian setting following changes in prescription and applicator design
Authors: Flower Emily , Busuttil Gemma , Cosgriff Eireann , Thiruthaneeswaran Niluja , Zanjani Salman , Sullivan Emma , Salkeld Alison , Sykes Jonathan , Thwaites David , Chard Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionChemoradiotherapy with MRI‐guided brachytherapy boosts is the standard of care for locally advanced cervical cancer. Data from the RetroEMBRACE and EMBRACE I trials provide dose‐response curves for target volumes and OAR. This study evaluated plan quality, safety and toxicity following escalation of the CTV_HR D90 prescription from 80–90 Gy to 85–95 Gy for two different applicator designs.MethodsA retrospective dosimetric plan quality review was undertaken for consecutively treated locally advanced cervical cancer brachytherapy boosts between 2017 and 2022, and the relationships between implant total reference air kerma (TRAK), CTV_HR volume and vaginal dose were investigated. Safety and ≤grade 3 toxicity results were evaluated.ResultsSeventy patients were identified. All patients received a CTV_HR D90 dose >85 Gy and rectum D2cm3 of <75 Gy, while 88.6% of patients received a bladder D2cm3 <90 Gy. Needles were used in 48.6% of patients, and the mean percentage needle TRAK was 38.2%. Increasing the percentage of needle TRAK decreased vaginal TRAK. Sixty‐three patients had more than 12 months of follow‐up (median 27 months). From this cohort, grade 3 or higher toxicity for vaginal, genitourinary, gastrointestinal and fistula events were seen in 3.2%, 1.6%, 0% and 3.2% of patients, respectively.ConclusionIncreased dose prescriptions and a change of applicator design were successfully adopted into an Australian practice. Applicator design and interstitial needle use affect the plan quality and ability to meet OAR dose constraints following target dose escalation. No safety concerns with needle use or dose escalation were identified.
Long‐Term Function Recovery Following Upper Versus Lower Lobectomy for Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Wei Xing , Yu Hongfan , King‐Kallimanis Bellinda , Liu Yangjun , Huang Lin , Dai Wei , Yang Ding , Zhou Xiangxi , Li Qiang , Shi Qiuling 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe effects of lobectomy at various lung sites on postoperative function and recovery vary. This study aimed at assessing the long‐term impact of upper versus lower lobectomy on patients' postoperative daily function by analyzing patient‐reported outcomes.MethodsThis multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled patients from six hospitals in China. Functional impairments and symptom severity were measured using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory‐Lung Cancer. A mixed‐effects linear model was employed to analyze the average trajectories of each functional item and the top five symptoms over the first year following surgery between patients undergoing upper and lower lobectomy. The median recovery days for daily function were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, with the log‐rank test comparing differences between upper and lower lobectomy.ResultsTwo hundred twenty‐six patients met the final analysis criteria, with 137 undergoing upper and 89 undergoing lower lobectomies. Those in the lower lobectomy group reported significantly greater interference with daily activities (estimate = 0.872, SE = 0.306, p = 0.004), mood (estimate = 0.667, SE = 0.297, p = 0.025), and work (estimate = 0.856, SE = 0.358, p = 0.017), indicating a more pronounced impact on postsurgical functional recovery compared to the upper lobectomy group within the first year after surgery. They also experienced longer median recovery times for daily activities (15 vs. 4 days), mood (6 vs. 3.5 days), and walking (7 vs. 4 days) compared to the upper lobectomy group.ConclusionsWithin the first year after surgery, lower lobectomy patients experienced greater impairment in daily functions and required longer recovery times compared to upper lobectomy patients.Trial RegistrationNCT03341377
Maternal and paternal risk factors associated with diagnoses within the continuum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the USA: Proximal and distal influences
Authors: May Philip A. , Hasken Julie M. , Stegall Julie M. , Mastro Heather A. , Baete Amy , Russo Jaymi , Bozeman Rosemary , Burns Mary Kay , Jones Jo‐Viviane , Kalberg Wendy O. , Buckley David , Abdul‐Rahman Omar , Adam Margaret P. , Jewett Tamison , Robinson Luther K. , Manning Melanie A. , Hoyme H. Eugene 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to determine risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in the United States.MethodMothers of first‐grade children participating in the Collaboration on FASD Prevalence (CoFASP) in three regional sites were interviewed. Maternal and paternal data were reported by mothers of children with an FASD diagnosis and controls.ResultsInterviews were conducted with mothers of children with an FASD (n = 114) and controls (n = 753). Fifty‐seven percent of control mothers usually drank 2.7 drinks per drinking day (DDD) once per month prior to pregnancy, and 79% of mothers of children with FASD reported drinking 4.2 drinks 1–2 times per week. Mothers of children with alcohol‐related neurodevelopmental disorder reported the most alcohol consumption overall: bingeing, drinking frequency, drinking in each trimester, and other drug use. Mothers of children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and partial FAS (PFAS) underreported consumption. Distal maternal risk factors were liver problems, depression, later pregnancy recognition and first prenatal visit, lower frequency of marriage, and lower spirituality. Postnatal risk indicators were low birthweight and gestational age. Regression analysis indicated that maternal reports of three DDD before pregnancy were associated with a diagnosis within the FASD continuum (p < 0.001, OR = 9.92). First‐trimester exposure (p < 0.001, OR = 7.64) and all three trimesters (p < 0.001, OR = 7.77) were associated with a child's FASD diagnosis. An independent association was found between paternal DDD during pregnancy and FASD diagnoses (p = 0.002, OR = 1.08); but, once maternal drinking was a covariate, paternal influence was not significant. Stepwise models indicated that combined maternal alcohol use measures (p < 0.001, χ2 = 61.09), later pregnancy recognition (p = 0.032, χ2 = 4.58), later prenatal visits (p = 0.036, χ2 = 4.38), and depression in lifetime (p = 0.002, χ2 = 9.47) were significant FASD predictors. The final 10‐step model explained 27.4% of the variance in FASD risk.ConclusionWhile multiple, significant maternal risk factors for FASD were identified, paternal drinking was not a statistically significant, independent risk factor.
Photodynamic antibacterial evaluation of polydopamine nanoparticle optimised Curcumin Longa against endodontic biofilm—An in‐vitro study
Authors: Gunasekaran Gokul , Madhubala Manavalan Madhana , Nayanthara G. S. , Mahalaxmi Sekar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy(aPDT) with polydopamine nanoparticle functionalised with Curcuma longa(nPD‐Cur) against root canal biofilm. nPD‐Cur was prepared and characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), dynamic light scattering(DLS), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and Ultraviolet visual(UV/Vis) spectrophotometry. Root sections (10 mm length) were obtained from 53 single‐rooted human premolars and chemo‐mechanically prepared followed by inoculation with E. faecalis. All the specimens were randomly divided into five groups(n = 10) and irrigated (Group 1—Saline; Group 2—2.5% Sodium hypochlorite(NaOCl); Group 3—Cur; Group 4—nPD; and Group 5—nPD‐Cur) followed by diode irradiation and analysed for reduction in colony‐forming units(CFU)/mL, bacterial viability using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy(CLSM) and SEM for biofilm disruption. Results were analysed using one‐way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey's test for pairwise comparison (p < 0.05). nPD‐Cur revealed the characteristic absorption patterns. The antimicrobial potency was highest for NaOCl followed by nPD > Cur‐nPD > Cur.
Respiratory System of the Two‐Toed Sloth (Choloepus didactylus): Macroscopic, Histological and Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: do Prado Cíntia Francieli , Mançanares Celina Almeida Furlanetto , Mesquita Ellen Yasmin Eguchi , Giese Elane Guerreiro , Branco Erika , de Lima Ana Rita 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRelatively little research has been conducted regarding Choloepus didactylus and studies that have been done have mainly covered physiology and morphology, as well as studies on its respiratory system. The objective of this study was to describe the components of the respiratory system of the two‐toed sloth and compare it with other species already described in the literature. For this purpose, eight adult animals were used. Macroscopic analyses were carried out on the organs that make up the respiratory system, which confirmed the existence of four cartilages of the larynx, trachea with an average of 37 incomplete tracheal cartilages and lung, highlighting the absence of the accessory pulmonary lobe being composed only of the right cranial and caudal, left cranial and caudal lobes. After the standard protocol, microscopic analyses of fragments of the organs evidenced in the macroscopic study were carried out, using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, in addition to chest x‐rays with positive contrast media through orotracheal intubation. Finally, we conclude that microscopically the respiratory system of the two‐toed sloth is like other Xenarthra and some domestic animals. Macroscopically, the nose is like Choloepus hoffmanni, the nasal cavity to other species of Xenarthra already described in addition to domestic animals. The trachea differs from other species in terms of the number of tracheal rings and extension. As for the lungs, they were the ones that differed most when compared to other Xenarthra and to domestic animals as it was the species with the least lobation.
The influence of social capital on perceived social mobility: Empirical evidence
Authors: Cascavilla Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the influence of social capital on perceived social mobility (PSM) at the individual level. Although evidence exists regarding both the relationship between social capital and actual mobility and about the social capital's influence on individual perceptions, the literature lacks evidence on the possible behavioural aspects related to its influence on the perception of such mobility. Employing data from the seventh wave of the World Values Survey, representing citizens from 63 countries, this study shows that individuals’ social interactions in voluntary associations are significantly related to personal values, particularly the belief in meritocracy and the role of individual effort to obtain success. Consistently with prominent studies highlighting the potential heterogeneous effects of social capital on personal attitudes and behaviours, this research provides evidence that bridging social interactions positively influences the perception of a more mobile and meritocratic society, whereas volunteering in bonding groups may hamper PSM. The size of these effects may depend on the contextual framework because the externalities created by bridging social capital outweigh those of bonding in wealthier countries.
Mastering the canvas of life: Identifying the antecedents of sense of control using a lagged exposure‐wide approach
Authors: Kim Eric S. , Chen Ying , Hong Joanna H. , Lachman Margie E. , VanderWeele Tyler J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccumulating studies have documented strong associations between a higher sense of control and improved health and well‐being outcomes. However, less is known about the determinants of increased sense of control. Our analysis used data from 13,771 older adults in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS)—a diverse, longitudinal, and national study of adults aged >50 in the United States. Using generalized linear regression models, with a lagged exposure‐wide approach, we evaluated how changes in 59 predictors (i.e., physical health, health behavior, and psychosocial factors) over a 4‐year period (between t0;2006/2008 and t1;2010/2012) might lead to changes in sense of control another 4‐years later (t2;2014/2016). After adjusting for a rich set of baseline covariates, changes in some health behaviors (e.g., sleep problems), physical health conditions (e.g., physical functioning limitations, eyesight), and psychosocial factors (e.g., positive affect, purpose in life) were associated with changes in sense of control four years later. However, there was little evidence that other factors were associated with a subsequent sense of control. A key challenge in advancing intervention development is the identification of antecedents that predict a sense of control. Our results identified several novel targets for interventions and policies aimed at increasing a sense of control.
Optimizing autophagy modulation for enhanced TRAIL‐mediated therapy: Unveiling the superiority of late‐stage inhibition over early‐stage inhibition to overcome therapy resistance in cancer
Authors: Zinnah Kazi Mohammad Ali , Munna Ali Newaz , Park Sang‐Youel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAutophagy is a vital mechanism that eliminates large cytoplasmic components via lysosomal degradation to maintain cellular homeostasis. The role of autophagy in cancer treatment has been studied extensively. Autophagy primarily prevents tumour initiation by maintaining genomic stability and preventing cellular inflammation. However, autophagy also supports cancer cell survival and growth by providing essential nutrients for therapeutic resistance. Thus, autophagy has emerged as a promising strategy for overcoming resistance and enhancing anti‐cancer therapy. Inhibiting autophagy significantly improves the sensitivity of lung, colorectal, breast, liver and prostate cancer cells to tumour necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL). This review investigates the intricate interplay between autophagy modulation and TRAIL‐based therapy, specifically focussing on comparing the efficacy of late‐stage autophagy inhibition versus early‐stage inhibition in overcoming cancer resistance. We expose the distinctive advantages of late‐stage autophagy inhibition by exploring the mechanisms underlying autophagy's impact on TRAIL sensitivity. Current preclinical and clinical investigations are inspected, showing the potential of targeting late‐stage autophagy for sensitizing resistant cancer cells to TRAIL‐induced apoptosis. This review emphasizes the significance of optimizing autophagy modulation to enhance TRAIL‐mediated therapy and overcome the challenge of treatment resistance in cancer. We offer insights and recommendations for guiding the development of potential therapeutic strategies aimed at overcoming the challenges posed by treatment‐resistant cancers.
Investigating the P53‐dependent anti‐cancer effect of ibutamoren in human cancer cell lines
Authors: Abdul Ghafoor Naeem , Rasuli Sabina , Tanriverdi Özgür , Yildiz Ayşegül 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe MDM2‐p53 pathway plays a pivotal role in regulating cell cycle and apoptosis, with its dysfunction contributing to approximately 50% of human malignancies. MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, targets the tumour suppressor p53 for degradation, thereby promoting uncontrolled cell growth in cancers. Inhibiting the MDM2‐p53 interaction represents a promising therapeutic strategy for reactivating p53’s tumour‐suppressive functions. This study explored the potential of ibutamoren (IBU) as a novel inhibitor of MDM2. In silico analyses utilizing molecular modelling revealed that IBU has a low IC50 for MDM2 inhibition and favourably binds to the p53‐binding pocket of MDM2. In vitro experiments demonstrated that IBU treatment reduced the viability of immortalized cancer cell lines with a functional MDM2‐p53 pathway but not in cell lines where this pathway harboured damaging mutations. This trend was further supported by RT‐qPCR analysis, which showed differential expression of two p53 target genes upon IBU treatment in cell lines with wild MDM2‐p53 pathways but not in those harbouring damaging mutations. These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting IBU's anticancer activity, plausibly through the MDM2‐p53 pathway, and suggest that further studies are warranted to explore its mechanism of action and potential development as a lead compound in oncology research.
Chimeric antigen receptor copies in cell‐free DNA predict relapse in aggressive B‐cell lymphoma patients treated with CAR T‐cell therapy
Authors: de la Iglesia‐San Sebastián Ismael , López‐Esteban Miguel , Bastos‐Oreiro Mariana , Fernández de Córdoba‐Oñate Sara , Gutierrez Maravillas , Carbonell Diego , Bailén Rebeca , Gómez‐Centurión Ignacio , Fernández‐Caldas Paula , Castilla Lucía , Anguita Javier , Kwon Mi , García‐Sanz Ramón , Buño Ismael , Martínez‐Laperche Carolina 
Published: December 2024

SummaryChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy has emerged as a transformative treatment for aggressive B‐cell lymphomas (ABCL), However, about half of patients relapse, most of them early. This study investigates the detection of CAR copies in circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) as a potential predictive biomarker of early relapse (<6 months) to improve patient management. In this research, we have consecutively selected 73 ABCL patients treated with anti‐CD19 CAR T‐cells, analysing CAR levels in peripheral blood and other clinical variables. Our results indicate that no correlation is present between genomic DNA and cfDNA; moreover, higher levels of CAR‐cfDNA on day +14 after infusion (0.44 vs. 0.07; p = 0.019) are associated with improved 6‐month progression‐free survival rates (74.2% vs. 26%. p < 0.01), suggesting that CAR‐cfDNA could be a strong predictor of CAR T‐cell therapy short‐term outcomes. These findings underscore the potential of integrating CAR‐cfDNA analysis into routine clinical practice to enhance the prognostic accuracy and therapeutic strategies for ABCL patients undergoing CAR T‐cell therapy.
Unveiling how herpetofauna cope with land‐use changes—Insights from forest‐cashew‐rice landscapes in West Africa
Authors: dos Reis‐Silva Francisco , Pizzigalli Cristian , Seck Sambu , Cabeza Mar , Rainho Ana , Rocha Ricardo , Palmeirim Ana Filipa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAgricultural induced land‐use change comprises a key driver of biodiversity loss across tropical forests. Guinea‐Bissau, among Afrotropical West Africa, was formerly occupied by native forest‐savanna mosaics. While savannas have long given place to traditional rice agroecosystems, forests are now being transformed into cashew monocultures at unprecedented rates. The ecological impact of such rapid change is largely unknown. Here, we examined how rarefied species richness, encounters, and composition of amphibians and reptiles varied across forest remnants, cashew orchards, and rice paddies in northern Guinea‐Bissau. To do so, visual encounter surveys were carried across 21 standardized sampling sites, seven in each habitat type. A total of 703 amphibian and 266 reptile encounters was recorded from nine and 14 taxa, respectively. The results show class‐specific responses to habitat type. Amphibian richness was similar across habitat types, but rice paddies held more encounters and distinct composition compared to forest remnants. Reptile richness and encounters were lower in rice paddies than in forest remnants, but cashew orchards had the most encounters and a different composition compared to forest remnants. Overall, our results do not support the expected detrimental impacts of cashew expansion, which might be due to the still high heterogeneity of habitat types within the landscape. Rice paddies proved particularly important for amphibians, and for open‐habitat reptiles, boosting the landscape‐scale species diversity. In face of the eminent habitat conversion, maintaining heterogeneous landscapes, including the persistence of both forest remnants and rice paddies, is critical to minimize biodiversity loss in West Africa.