bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Welding Process to the Porosity Formation in Carbon Steel
Authors: Ellyana Roslan Rose Alifah , Mohd Ladin Luqman Haniff , Mamat Sarizam , Teo Pao Ter , Abdullah Nor Hakimin , Arlina Ali , Mohamad Firdaus , Toshifum Yuji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The effect of the welding process on porosity formation in SPCC carbon steel was studied by comparing MIG, MAG, and TIG welding processes. In this work, the main consideration relates to the welding processes, which are welding current, welding speed, and heat input were investigated. Industrial x-ray observation was performed to study the distribution of porosity within the weld bead. Analysis of bead geometry shows the deepest penetration in TIG welding. The most significant size of porosity was shown in MAG welding compared to MIG and TIG welding. The result indicates that an increase in heat input affects the size of porosity distribution and depth penetration of the weld bead.
Optimization and Modelling of the Removal of Groundwater Turbidity by Nanomagnetic Adsorbent Composite
Authors: Huda A , Jayanthi B , Ariff A L Zul , Leony TYS , Siti M A , Huda Nuurul , Palsan SA 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Groundwater pollution with turbidity problem is a matter of concern because at least 50 % of global population consume groundwater. The presence of suspended particles comprise of clay and silts as well as organic and inorganic particles is the main cause for the water to be turbid. A nanomagnetic adsorption composite (NMAC) was applied in this study to purify turbid polluted groundwater. A 3k full factorial design was used to investigate five factors; dosage of adsorbent (0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 g), time of agitation (15, 30, and 60 min), rate of adsorption (150, 200, and 250 rpm), size of adsorbent (<45 μm and >300 μm), and initial concentration of sample (<21.3 and < 48.8 NTU). The optimum parameters were found to be 0.02 g, 249 rpm, 46 min, <45 μm and <21.3 NTU with 94.13 % turbidity removal efficiency. The turbidity of purified groundwater complies with the Drinking Water Quality Standard.
Explore the Rural Community Understanding and Practices on Sustainable Lifestyle in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Abas Muhamad Azahar , Yusoh Mohamad Pirdaus , Sibly Suzyrman , Mohamed Sulzakimin , Ta Wee Seow 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study aims to explore the understanding and practices of the rural community on sustainable living in Jeli District, Kelantan. A qualitative research approach was adopted in this study by using an in-depth interview. A total of 36 respondents from three (3) locations (Jeli, Kuala Balah, and Batu Melintang) participated in this study. This findings show the rural community of Jeli has a modest understanding of a sustainable lifestyle. Besides that, several sustainable initiatives are practiced by the Jeli community, like using energy-saving products and recycling. However, the number of people involved in any sustainable lifestyle is small as compared to the total population. However, the initiatives that have been conducted could be motivation for others to start practicing sustainable living.
Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Using Geographic Information System (GIS) Application of Putat Area, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Mohd Shariffuddin Saidah Izzati , Sofia Udin Wani 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Gunungkidul is located in Central Java Province, Indonesia which is vulnerable to geological hazard such as floods and earthquake. However, it is also susceptible to landslide in some areas of Gunungkidul which contributes to damage and loss. The study area is located in Putat Area of Gunungkidul with the area covered of 25km2 which aligned along latitude 7° 51’ 04.35”S to 7° 51’ 04.35”S and longitude 110° 30’ 58.15”E to 110° 33’ 41.72”E. This research aims to produce a landslide susceptibility map. The factors that triggered the landslide in Gunungkidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta such as rainfall intensity and earthquake were also analysed. The parameters that caused the occurrence of landslide were determined and the landslide susceptibility map was produced using Weightage Overlay Method (WOM) in ArcGIS software. Results showed that the susceptibility map was classified into three zones which is low, moderate and high zone. The factor that triggered the landslide were identified which is heavy rainfall intensity and earthquake. As a conclusion, the ability to detect landslide susceptibility lead to a better understanding of landslide mechanisms for the research area, thus leading to an enhanced identification of the most likely failure sites within a landslide-prone area.
Adsorption of COD in wastewater by Activated Carbon from Rice Husk
Authors: Pei Goh Chia , Ghazi Rozidaini Mohd , Nik Yusoff Nik Raihan , Mohd Alias Mohd Zazmiezi , Jani Musfiroh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Organic pollution occurs due to the presence of organic compound that will causing oxygen depletion and gives potential adverse impacts on human health and the environment. Wastewater from the fish cracker industry typically has high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and it is needed to be treated before release to water bodies in order to reduce the organic pollution. The treatment of COD was done using rice husk activated carbon (RHAC) that produced from agricultural wastes that contributed to waste minimization and reduce the environmental pollution. Therefore, this study emphasized on the feasibility of rice husk activated carbon for removing the COD from fish cracker wastewater. It was also to identify the optimization factors (pH, flow rate and initial concentration of COD) that affecting adsorption by rice husk activated carbon. RHAC was produced by chemical activation using phosphoric acid, H3PO4 and a real wastewater from fish cracker industry was collected, characterized, and treated by using continuous fixed bed column adsorption method. The result shows that the adsorption of COD by RHAC was optimum at pH 2, flow rate 5 ml/min and 5 % v/v initial COD concentration with the COD removal at 31.8% (150 mg/L) which comply with Standard B. Thus, RHAC could be used to develop an alternative method and suitable carbonaceous substances that was used to treat water and wastewater.
Agriculture Management Strategies Using Simple Logistic Growth Model
Authors: Abdul Latif Nurul Syaza , Anuar Mushoddad Noor Asma’ Mohd , Mior Azmai Norin Syerina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Farm management involves the development of long-term strategies to increase the profitability and competitiveness of its agricultural business. In recent years, mathematical models have been extended to the agriculture sector as a decision-making tool to ensure continuous and optimum supply. One of the well-known mathematical functions by Pierre François Verhulst, the Logistic function, has been widely used in modelling population growth rates. Many processes in biology, ecology, and other areas follow this S-shaped logistic growth. This paper explores the application of a simple logistic growth model for agriculture management strategies. Two applications illustrated here; vegetative growth response of banana to foliar fertiliser and growth of grey mould disease infection on different drying tomato coating period. The model presented here quantitatively estimates the effectiveness of the procedure used.
The Intention of Agro Farmers towards the Application of Kitosanplus in Kelantan
Authors: Abdul Latiff Zul Ariff , Mohd Zain Nur Syazwani , Muhamad Nursalwani , Abdullah Palsan Sannasi , Ayob Mohammad Amizi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Kitosanplus is an active molecule that finds many possible applications in agriculture to reduce or replace more environmentally damaging chemical pesticides. Thus, Kitosanplus could represent an innovative eco-friendly strategy for managing plant diseases and replacing copper. The effectiveness of Kitosanplus in protecting plants from biotic stresses by direct or indirect actions, but Kitosanplus interaction with pathogens and plants are still not fully understood. This study is to determine the agro farmer intention towards the application of Kitosanplus and the relationship between age and perceived behaviour of agro farmers towards the application of Kitosanplus. The location selected is in Kampung Bukit Jawa, Selising, Pasir Puteh. Most popular agriculture activities in this area are paddy plantation. The descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. The respondents indicated that Kitosanplus is an excellent organic fertilizer, and their application of chemical pesticides do not harm the crop. Instead, the attitude, perceived behaviour and social norm of agro farmers show they have a weak intention towards using Kitosanplus in their plantation.
Effect of Encapsulation-Dehydration Cryopreservation on Histological Analysis of Oncidium Golden Anniversary orchid PLBs
Authors: Zakaria Suhana , Subramaniam Sreeramanan , Mubbarakh Safiah Ahmad , James Antony Jessica Jeyanthi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Oncidium Golden Anniversary is a hybrid orchid that has been grown as cut flowers, potted plant and is valued for its attractive flower shapes and colours. New hybrid orchids are difficult to maintain and cultivate easily; therefore, cryopreservation technology has been applied to conserve the orchid plant genetic resources. This study aims to evaluate the impact of encapsulation-dehydration as one of the cryopreservation techniques on histological analysis of Oncidium Golden Anniversary orchid PLBs using stock, cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved PLBs. Results from the histological analysis indicated that the degree of plasmolysis due to dehydration and ruptured cells after freezing were the main factors affecting the viability of PLBs.
Effects of Fermentation on the Nutritional Composition, Mineral Content and Physical Characteristics of Banana Leaves
Authors: Mat Khairiyah , Taufik Hanani A. , Rusli Nor D. , Hasnita Che H. , Al-Amsyar Syed M. , Rahman Mohammad M. , Mahmud Mohd 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Banana leaves are one of the most abundant agriculture wastes in Malaysia. However, it is not suitable to be given directly to ruminant as feed and need to be pre-treated. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the nutritional composition of banana leaves fermented with different additives including molasses, effective microorganisms (EM) and urea on the nutritional composition, mineral content and physical characteristics. Samples of banana leaves were divided into three treatment groups; control (no additives), treatment 1 (3% of molasses + 3% EM + 0.5% urea) and treatment 2 (5% of molasses + 4% EM + 1% urea). Samples were fermented for 21 and 35 days. The pH value, nutritional composition, mineral content and physical characteristics were determined and subjected to analysis of variance. There is significance different (P<0.05) in pH value for treated samples fermented for 35 days. Moisture and crude protein content were significantly higher (P<0.05) for both treatment groups, fermented for 21 and 35 days. The aroma for treated samples were pleasantly acidic compared to the control. In conclusion, fermentation for 21 days with molasses, EM and urea improves the nutritional composition of banana leaves, therefore it can be considered as an appropriate pre-treatment method to produce an alternative material for animal feed.
Antibacterial properties of natural tropical fruit vinegars against Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria
Authors: Mokhtar Seri Intan , Pahirulzaman KAK 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Various researchers have found that vinegar has antibacterial effect on different types of pathogenic bacteria which make it useful for a varieties of application in medical, food preservation and as cosmetic ingredient. Many new emerging tropical fruits vinegars were not tested for antibacterial properties especially for skin and acne causing treatment. Therefore, this study aim is to test several tropical fruits vinegar in order to determine their ability against skin and acne causing bacteria ultimately could lead to application of effective vinegars in personal care and cosmetic products. Tropical fruit vinegars such as pineapple, mango, coconut, dokong and rambutan vinegars were tested for the presence of acetic acid, titratable acid, pH and anti-microbial properties against acne causing bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of acetic acid content in the vinegar samples was determined using HPLC analysis against 100% glacial acetic acid standard and shown to be between 6.444, 6.959, 5.832, 6.484 and 6.373 min. Titratable acidity range lied between 1.14 ± 0.06% to 3.26 ± 0.09% of which rambutan vinegar showing highest acetic acid content while pineapple vinegar giving the lowest value. The pH value among five vinegar samples fell within the range of 3.06 to 3.65 of which pineapple vinegar has the lowest value and coconut vinegar had the highest pH. Antimicrobial properties of different tropical fruit vinegar samples with different percentage of acetic acid content in samples comprised of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% were determined by antimicrobial disk diffusion assay on Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. Clear zone of inhibition could be observed at 1% acetic acid in all samples, ranging from 7.8 mm to 8.6 mm against main acne causative bacteria, Propionibacterium acnes indicating that the vinegars has antibacterial properties against the bacterium
Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Anti-Diabetic Activities of Stingless Bee Honey from Selected Areas in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria N.N.A , Mohd Jaafar N.N , N. N Mad Desa , Zolkopli Mohamad A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Stingless bee honey is one of the Malaysian honeys that has many benefits especially medically, due to the presence of enormous active phytochemical compounds. The active compounds in the honey vary depending on its geographical origin, especially the environmental conditions of the plant nectar. This study aims to analyze and compare the antioxidant, antibacterial and antidiabetic activities of stingless bee honey from different areas in Malaysia. The sample stingless bees’ honeys were obtained from Kulim, Kedah (honey sample 1), Tanjung Malim, Perak (honey sample 2) and Kuala Selangor, Selangor (honey sample 3). The methods used for the analysis were DPPH free radical scavenging, Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay and alpha-amylase inhibition assay for the respective activities. An analysis of gallic acid content of the stingless bee’s honeys were also performed using high-performance-liquid-chromatography (HPLC). Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used for statistical analysis. The results indicated that honey sample 2 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 89.04 ± 0.83 mg/mL, whilst honey sample 3 showed the highest inhibition capability on both E. coli and S. aureus at 16.33 ± 3.06 mm and 22.67 ± 0.58 mm respectively as compared to the other honey samples. Honey sample 3 also showed the highest inhibition against alpha amylase with an IC50 value of at 15.80 ug/mL. The gallic acid content of honey sample 3 also the highest at 39.79 ug/mL. As a conclusion, honey sample 3 originated from Kuala Selangor, Selangor has better antibacterial and anti-alpha amylase activities. Meanwhile, honey sample 2 originated from Tanjung Malim, Perak has better antioxidant properties.
Research on life prediction technology of wind turbine gearbox based on virtual simulation
Authors: Zhou Jiwei , Kong Weibing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As the core component of wind turbine energy conversion, the gearbox has been operating under variable frequency and variable load condition for a long time. The repair time is long after its fault, which leads to a large loss of power generation. This paper proposes a gearbox life prediction method. By collecting the design and manufacturing process parameters of gearbox, the gearbox virtual simulation model is established, the gearbox observable damage can be predicted accurately by inputting the actual operation load. According to the results, the maintenance and repair time of the gearbox can be arranged scientifically, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of serious faults, greatly reduce the gearbox replacement rate and unscheduled downtime, the economic benefits are obvious. After field application, the accuracy of this method can be 93.5%, which has a good prospect of application.
Application of TETSP in advance prediction of water and mud inrush in karst tunnel
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Wei , Li Jun jie , Ouyang mingming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Water and mud inrush are easy to occur in the process of karst tunnel driving, in order to reduce the risk of tunnel construction, TETSP is used in the prediction of karst cave, water gushing and mud gushing in a karst area of Longxing tunnel. The characteristics of TETSP geophone, detection principle and arrangement of observation system are introduced. The signal-to-noise ratio of TETSP data under blasting and hammering is compared. The corresponding unfavorable geology abnormal law of TETSP is summarized. Several conclusions are drawn as follow. Firstly, the TETSP geophone with direct coupling method has high installation efficiency and can obtain the original waveform with high signal-to-noise ratio. Secondly, the seismic reflection data collected by blasting is higher quality than that by hammering excitation. Thirdly, the abnormal law of the corresponding TETSP of large-scale karst cave and dissolution fracture zone present as that the P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity are low but Poisson’s ratio is high. The prediction results of TETSP are consistent with the actual excavation of the tunnel which provide an important reference for the safe construction of the tunnel.
Research on Diagnosis and Evaluation of Physical Assets of Power Grid Enterprises Based on Combined Weight TOPSIS Theory
Authors: Fuyan Liu , Yang Xiaoyong , Yu Min , Shen Jie , Shi Jianfeng , Chen Chao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Under the new reform requirements, the transmission and distribution price pricing model changes, the sales side is liberalized and competition is introduced, the incremental power distribution business investment is liberalized, and the company’s permitted income is approved on the basis of effective assets. In this paper, the combination weight TOPSIS theory is used to diagnose and evaluate the physical assets of power grid companies, and the accuracy of the model is verified through analysis, and the system’s asset status diagnostic analysis and evaluation research is carried out, and the optimization strategy and evaluation calculation are scientifically proposed to provide a research and analysis basis.
Research on the Control Strategy of dual Boost bridgeless PFC based on Lyapunov stability
Authors: Yang Shuang , Wu Lihua , Wang Wu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In order to prevent power electronic devices from causing harmonic pollution to the power grid, PFC technology is widely used between power electronic devices and the power grid. Therefore, the improvement of system power factor and robust performance has become a research focus today. This paper is aimed at dual Boost bridgeless PFC (power factor correction) converters, establishes a mathematical model in virtual dq mode, and a new nonlinear control strategy based on Lyapunov stability is proposed. The MATLAB simulation results show that the input current can better track the input voltage in the steady state, and when the load or output voltage changes, the system can quickly enter stability, and the system has strong anti-disturbance ability.
Research on the hardware detection device of the IR46 intelligent IoT electric energy meter
Authors: Liu Yongping , He Chuanliang , Xia Xin , Lv Yingjie , Wang Shouzhi , Xia Shaoxian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Based on the characteristics and design concept of the IR46 intelligent IoT electric energy meter (hereinafter referred to as the IoT electric energy meter), from the perspective of verifying its design, practicability, and quality, a hardware detection device solution that satisfies the IoT electric energy meter is proposed. It satisfies its multi-core modular hardware detection requirements, can effectively guarantee the network access detection of IoT electric energy meters, improve detection efficiency, and reduce the difficulty of development of electric energy meter manufacturers. A reasonable hardware detection device solution is provided for the implementation of IR46 electric energy meters in China.
Design and application of digital phase locked loop based on Quartus II
Authors: Xie Yan , Zhou Jin , Kang Shengwu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The traditional phase locked loop (PLL) is realized by analog circuit. Compared with PLL realized by traditional analog circuit, digital phase locked loop (DPLL) has the advantages of high precision, not affected by temperature and voltage, adjustable loop bandwidth and center frequency, and easy to construct high-order PLL. With the rapid development of communication technology and integrated circuit technology, DPLL will be more widely used. In this paper, the PLL macroblock is used to design and realize the functions of frequency division, frequency doubling and phase locking in Quartus II development environment. The validity of the design and application of the DPLL is verified by practical verification.
Design of a full-bridge type fault current limiter
Authors: Zeng Yonghao , Wang Wenjie , Fan Xinming , Peng Yuanquan , Liu Yijun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Compared to AC system, DC power system is more likely to be damaged by short current, because in DC system the fault current increases faster and doesn’t have zero crossing point. The DC current limiter (FCL) can limit the rise of the current, thus it is efficient to use FCL to improve the reliability of the power system. Based on the previous research, we proposed an improved topology, established its mathematical model and analyzed its working processes. Besides, parameter design methods of solid-state DC current limiter are proposed by combining modeling and image analysis. And the control strategy of DC transformer short circuit fault crossing and recovery is put forward. Simulation and experiment results proved the effectiveness of topology and control strategy we proposed.
The Chilean electricity market and its implications
Authors: Wang Hechun , Xie Zhonghua , Le Qin , Wang Kai , Li Hua , Tao Jing , Liu Dunnan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chile was one of the first countries in the world to successfully reform its electricity market. Limited by the dilemma of energy dependence on imports, Chile’s electricity price fluctuates greatly. Therefore, in recent years, Chile has been committed to the transformation of the new energy structure and introduced a series of policies to promote its energy development. This paper analyzes the current situation, the reform process, and the operation mechanism of the electricity market in Chile, Focused on the characteristic mechanisms and policies in Chile’s energy transition. Finally, combined with the current situation of China’s electricity market, draw lessons from Chile’s electricity market construction highlights and put forward relevant thinking and suggestions.