bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital curation practices in institutional repositories in South India: a study
Authors: C. Shajitha 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to identify the digital curation practices in institutional repositories (IRs) in South India.

Design/methodology/approach
A voluntary survey was conducted among the IR managers of 23 South Indian IRs, and the response rate was 87%.

Findings
This study found that the active participation of South Indian IRs was only seen in a few digital curation activities. However, of the 33 digital curation activities analyzed, the active participation of repositories was only seen in ten digital curation activities. The performance of preservation activities was extremely low, and disagreements were recorded by the survey participants toward several digital curation activities. The most disagreed digital curation activities were emulation and cease data curation. All the participants had assigned metadata and allowed file downloads in their repositories. Raman Research Institute had provided a good number of digital curation services in their IR.

Originality/value
This is an in-depth study investigating the digital curation practice currently underway in South Indian IRs, and the researcher could not find similar studies in this niche.
Enhancing teachers' relational competence: a teacher lesson study
Authors: Plantin Ewe Linda 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute with innovative knowledge about how lesson study as a method can be used as a tool for increasing in-service teachers' professional development. More specifically, the aim is to test in what way one single lesson study cycle, where teachers' way of perceiving teacher–student interactions was tested before and after, contributes to teachers' increased understanding of relational competence. The study is a pilot preparing for an upcoming main study.Design/methodology/approachParticipants were 19 lead teachers (swe: förstelärare) in a Swedish municipality. The study was based on a relational framework and methodological approach (Aspelin, 2017; Pianta, 1999). Data obtained through web-questionnaires and collaborative group reflections were analysed and compiled to find general patterns.FindingsThe majority of the participants (98.5%) considered their understanding of relational competence to be increased (Cohen's d 1.72) during the intervention. Additionally, there was a notable increase in participants' abilities to verbalise their understanding post-intervention.Research limitations/implicationsThe lack of revised studies might have impacted the validity of this work. However, as this was a pilot study the result can be considered to fulfil the purpose.Practical implicationsThe research suggests that lesson study as a method for in-service teachers as participating students can be used effectively to increase teachers' professional development.Originality/valueThe study aims to investigate how lesson study as a method can be used to develop in-service teacher learning.
Interfere! How Chinese subsidiaries manage their global headquarters
Authors: Metz Annette , Prange Christiane 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
With the increasing dependence on the Chinese market, Chinese subsidiary managers rather than Western managers in the headquarters take responsibility for the overall success of the multinational company (MNC). This paper aims to argue that Chinese managers need to actively interfere to guarantee the survival of the MNC. Transaction analysis is suggested as a tool to rebalance the relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on illustrative material and experience cases, the authors highlight why and how Chinese subsidiary managers have to engage in interference management.

Findings
Introducing different strategies within transaction analysis shows how Western managers can deal with Chinese interference management to improve relationships.

Practical implications
With the use of transaction analysis, Western managers can verify their communication strategies and behavior to better relate to Chinese subsidiaries on an “adult” level.

Originality/value
Interference management is based on counterintuitive thought that Chinese subsidiary managers rather than headquarters become responsible for the overall success of the MNC. Transaction analysis is used to uncover hidden assumptions, communication strategies and behavior in headquarters–subsidiary relationships.
Labour and Antisemitism: a Crisis Misunderstood
Authors: Gidley Ben , McGeever Brendan , Feldman David 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this article, we argue that Labour’s antisemitism crisis has been misunderstood. We suggest that a more accurate and sophisticated understanding of antisemitism offers a way forward. There are three elements to this claim. First, by drawing on existing data on attitudes towards Jews, we criticise the widespread focus on individual ‘antisemites’, rather than on the broader problem of antisemitism. In turn, we conceive of antisemitism not as a virus or poison, as in so many formulations, but rather, as a reservoir of readily available images and ideas that subsist in our political culture. Second, following on from this understanding, we offer five ways forward. Finally, we set this analysis in the context of a historical parting of the ways between anti‐racism and opposition to antisemitism. An anti‐racism defined solely by conceptions of whiteness and power, we argue, has proven unable to fully acknowledge and account for anti‐Jewish racism.
Factors associated with emergency medical service delays in suspected ST‐elevation myocardial infarction in Victoria, Australia: A retrospective study
Authors: Alrawashdeh Ahmad , Nehme Ziad , Williams Brett , Smith Karen , Stephenson Michael , Bernard Stephen , Cameron Peter , Stub Dion 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of patient and system characteristics on emergency medical service (EMS) delays prior to arrival at hospital in suspected ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study of 1739 patients who presented with suspected STEMI to the EMS in Melbourne, Australia between October 2011 and January 2014. Our primary outcome measure was call‐to‐hospital time, defined as the time in minutes from emergency call to hospital arrival. We examined the association of patient and system characteristics on call‐to‐hospital time using multivariable linear regression.ResultsThe mean call‐to‐hospital time was 60.1 min (standard deviation 20.5) and the median travel distance was 13.0 km (interquartile range 7.2–23.1). In the multivariable model, patient characteristics associated with longer call‐to‐hospital time were age ≥75 years (2.3 min; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6–4.0), female sex (1.9 min; 95% CI 0.3–3.4), pre‐existing mental health disorder (4.0 min; 95% CI 1.9–6.1) or musculoskeletal disease (2.7 min; 95% CI 1.0–4.4), absence of chest pain (3.0 min; 95% CI 1.1–4.8), and presentation with clinical complications. System factors associated with call‐to‐hospital time include lower dispatch priority (12.7 min; 95% CI 9.0–16.5) and non‐12‐lead electrocardiography (ECG) capable ambulance first on scene (4.5 min; 95% CI 3.1–5.8). Patients who were not initially attended by a 12‐lead capable ambulance were less likely to receive a 12‐lead ECG within 10 min (18.5% vs 71.0%, P < 0.001).ConclusionA range of patient and system factors may influence EMS delays in STEMI. However, optimising dispatch prioritisation and widespread availability of prehospital 12‐lead ECG could lead to substantial reduction in time to treatment.
No evidence of cardiac stunning or decoupling immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass for elective coronary surgery
Authors: Dybos Tannvik Tomas , Kiss Gabriel , Torp Hans , Eskeland Rimehaug Audun , Kirkeby‐Garstad Idar 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundThere is significant uncertainty regarding the timing of onset of cardiovascular stunning after cardiac surgery. Cardiovascular stunning is affecting both contractility (Ees) and arterial load. Arterial load may be represented by arterial elastance (Ea) and participates in ventriculo‐arterial coupling through the Ea/Ees ratio, giving information on efficiency and performance. An alternative approach to ventriculo‐arterial interaction is oscillatory power fraction (OPF). The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate beat‐to‐beat effects of on‐pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery on contractility, cardiac power parameters, arterial load and ventriculo‐arterial coupling as well as classical haemodynamic parameters.MethodsWe included 41 patients scheduled for fast‐track CABG surgery. Measurements were taken before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. A flow and pressure curve were recorded from transoesophageal pulsed wave Doppler and a radial artery catheter, respectively. This enabled the calculation of stroke work, total cardiac energy delivery, OPF and Ea/Ees ratio. Routine haemodynamic monitoring provided the classical haemodynamic parameters.ResultsImmediately after cardiopulmonary bypass there was no firm evidence for alterations in contractility, stroke work, stroke volume or arterial elastance. Ea/Ees ratio and OPF remained unchanged.ConclusionsThere was no evidence for clinically relevant cardiac stunning or altered arterial load immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass for CABG surgery. The unchanged Ea/Ees ratio and OPF are indicating unchanged cardiac efficiency before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. This indicates that in elective CABG patients cardiovascular stunning is perhaps a phenomenon of inflammation and not immediate ischaemia–reperfusion injury or mechanical handling.
When We Come To It
Authors: Craig Sienna R. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryPasang awakes on April 25, 2015, in her New England college dorm room to news of a major earthquake in Nepal, where she and her family are from. She returns to Nepal that summer for a visit. In the wake of Earth's massive movements, Pasang navigates her family's ties to Mustang, Nepal, and makes a journey that at once troubles and affirms her sense of place and home.
Radiation therapy and the innate immune response: Clinical implications for immunotherapy approaches
Authors: Gómez Valentí , Mustapha Rami , Ng Kenrick , Ng Tony 
Published: May 2020

Radiation therapy is an essential component of cancer care, contributing up to 40% of curative cancer treatment regimens. It creates DNA double‐strand breaks causing cell death in highly replicating tumour cells. However, tumours can develop acquired resistance to therapy. The efficiency of radiation treatment has been increased by means of combining it with other approaches such as chemotherapy, molecule‐targeted therapies and, in recent years, immunotherapy (IT).Cancer‐cell apoptosis after radiation treatment causes an immunological reaction that contributes to eradicating the tumour via antigen presentation and subsequent T‐cell activation. By contrast, radiotherapy also contributes to the formation of an immunosuppressive environment that hinders the efficacy of the therapy. Innate immune cells from myeloid and lymphoid origin show a very active role in both acquired resistance and antitumourigenic mechanisms. Therefore, many efforts are being made in order to reach a better understanding of the innate immunity reactions after radiation therapy (RT) and the design of new combinatorial IT strategies focused in these particular populations.
Anti‐N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor encephalitis unresponsive to early and aggressive immunotherapy in a young female: A case report
Authors: Kaur Harleen , Mittal Gaurav Kumar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcute encephalitis refers to inflammation of the brain that develops as a rapidly progressive encephalopathy. It usually has an infectious origin, but an increasing number of autoimmune etiologies have been identified recently. Keeping a high index of suspicion is of great importance, because delayed diagnosis and delayed initiation of appropriate therapy may lead to poor outcome.Case presentationThis paper describes a case of anti‐N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (anti‐NMDAR) encephalitis in a young female who presented with a short prodrome; had a rapidly progressive illness; and could not be saved even after early, optimal, and aggressive immunomodulatory therapy.ConclusionsDespite early diagnosis, and prompt therapy, anti‐NMDAR encephalitis may progress and remain refractory to treatment. More studies are needed for further therapeutic avenues in treatment‐refractory cases of anti‐NMDAR encephalitis not responding even to cyclophosphamide as highlighted by our case.
Study of peripapillary vascular flow using optical coherence tomography angiography in optic nerve head drusen
Authors: Leal‐González Mercedes , Pessanha Filipa , Azevedo González‐Oliva Martim , Pérez‐Fernández Elia , Gili Pablo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractImportanceTo evaluate peripapillary vascular flow using optical coherence tomography angiography (angio‐OCT) in patients with optic nerve head drusen (ONHD).BackgroundAngio‐OCT allows non‐invasive visualization and quantification peripapillary vascular flow.DesignCross‐sectional study.ParticipantsSeventy‐six eyes of 40 patients.MethodsBetween January 2018 and May 2019, consecutive patients with ONHD and healthy controls underwent a complete ocular assessment, including visual acuity testing, biomicroscopy, tonometry, funduscopy, automated perimetry, retinography and autofluorescence, spectral‐domain OCT and peripapillary angio‐OCT.Main Outcomes MeasuresPeripapillary vascular flow, vascular density, retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thicknesses.ResultsWe included 23 patients with ONHD (42 eyes, 32 with visible drusen; mean age 50.96 years, 12 men) and 17 control patients (34 eyes; mean age 47.12 years, 7 men), without significant differences in age or sex. Vascular flow and density were significantly lower in patients with ONHD (0.409% and 40.18%, respectively) than in normal eyes (0.438% and 43.30%, respectively) (P = .006 and P < .001). RNFL and GCL thicknesses were significantly lower in patients with ONHD (81.81 and 77.43 μm, respectively) than in controls (91.38 and 81.97 μm, respectively) (P = .001 and P = .032). We obtained high correlation indexes between RNFL and GCL and vascular flow and density (RNFL = 0.702 and 0.744, respectively, and GCL = 0.808 and 0.857, respectively).Conclusions and RelevanceAngio‐OCT demonstrated significant reductions in peripapillary vascular flow and vascular density in patients with ONHD, with strong correlations with RNFL and GCL thicknesses.
Non‐Uniform Subdivision Surfaces with Sharp Features
Authors: Tian Yufeng , Li Xin , Chen Falai 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSharp features are important characteristics in surface modelling. However, it is still a significantly difficult task to create complex sharp features for Non‐Uniform Rational B‐Splines compatible subdivision surfaces. Current non‐uniform subdivision methods produce sharp features generally by setting zero knot intervals, and these sharp features may have unpleasant visual effects. In this paper, we construct a non‐uniform subdivision scheme to create complex sharp features by extending the eigen‐polyhedron technique. The new scheme allows arbitrarily specifying sharp edges in the initial mesh and generates non‐uniform cubic B‐spline curves to represent the sharp features. Experimental results demonstrate that the present method can generate visually more pleasant sharp features than other existing approaches.
From 2.5D Bas‐relief to 3D Portrait Model
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Wei , Wang Wenping , Chen Yanzhao , Liu Hui , Ji Zhongping , Zhang Caiming 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn contrast to 3D model that can be freely observed, p ortrait bas‐relief projects slightly from the background and is limited by fixed viewpoint. In this paper, we propose a novel method to reconstruct the underlying 3D shape from a single 2.5D bas‐relief, providing observers wider viewing perspectives. Our target is to make the reconstructed portrait has natural depth ordering and similar appearance to the input. To achieve this, we first use a 3D template face to fit the portrait. Then, we optimize the face shape by normal transfer and Poisson surface reconstruction. The hair and body regions are finally reconstructed and combined with the 3D face. From the resulting 3D shape, one can generate new reliefs with varying poses and thickness, freeing the input one from fixed view. A number of experimental results verify the effectiveness of our method.
Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Colorectal Cancer: updated analysis of 93 randomized patients – control survival is much better than previously assumed
Authors: Milosevic M. , Edwards J. , Tsang D. , Dunning J. , Shackcloth M. , Batchelor T. , Coonar A. , Hasan J. , Davidson B. , Marchbank A. , Grumett S. , Williams N.R. , Macbeth F. , Farewell V. , Treasure T. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimLung metastases from colorectal cancer are resected in selected patients in the belief that this confers a significant survival advantage. It is generally assumed that the 5‐year survival of these patients would be near zero without metastasectomy. We tested the clinical effectiveness of this practice in Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Colorectal Cancer (PulMiCC), a randomized, controlled noninferiority trial.MethodMultidisciplinary teams in 14 hospitals recruited patients with resectable lung metastases into a two‐arm trial. Randomization was remote and stratified according to site, with minimization for age, sex, primary cancer stage, interval since primary resection, prior liver involvement, number of metastases and carcinoembryonic antigen level. The trial management group was blind to patient allocation until after intention‐to‐treat analysis.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2016, 93 participants were randomized. These patients were 35–86 years of age and had between one and six lung metastases at a median of 2.7 years after colorectal cancer resection; 29% had prior liver metastasectomy. The patient groups were well matched and the characteristics of these groups were similar to those of observational studies. The median survival after metastasectomy was 3.5 (95% CI: 3.1–6.6) years compared with 3.8 (95% CI: 3.1–4.6) years for controls. The estimated unadjusted hazard ratio for death within 5 years, comparing the metastasectomy group with the control group, was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.56–1.56). Use of chemotherapy or local ablation was infrequent and similar in each group.ConclusionPatients in the control group (who did not undergo lung metastasectomy) have better survival than is assumed. Survival in the metastasectomy group is comparable with the many single‐arm follow‐up studies. The groups were well matched with features similar to those reported in case series.
Evaluating the relationships between the legal and illegal international wildlife trades
Authors: Tittensor Derek P. , Harfoot Michael , McLardy Claire , Britten Gregory L. , Kecse‐Nagy Katalin , Landry Bryan , Outhwaite Willow , Price Becky , Sinovas Pablo , Blanc Julian , Burgess Neil D. , Malsch Kelly 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe international legal trade in wildlife can provide economic and other benefits, but when unsustainable can be a driver of population declines. This impact is magnified by the additional burden of illegal trade, yet how it covaries with legal trade remains little explored. We combined law‐enforcement time‐series of seizures of wildlife goods imported into the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) with data on reported legal trade to evaluate the evidence for any relationships. Our analysis examined 28 US and 20 EU products derived from CITES‐listed species with high volume and frequency of both reported trade and seizures. On average, seizures added 28% and 9% to US and EU reported legal trade levels respectively, and in several cases exceeded legal imports. We detected a significant but weak overall positive relationship between seizure volumes and reported trade into the US over time, but not into the EU. These results highlight the importance of maintaining long‐term records of border seizures and enforcement effort, and accounting for illegal trade where possible in non‐detriment findings. Our findings suggest a complex and nuanced temporal association between the illegal and legal wildlife trades.
Outcomes of patients with cardiac cirrhosis undergoing heart transplantation
Authors: Ngu Natalie L. Y. , Majeed Ammar , Roberts Stuart K. , Bergin Peter , Kemp William 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionCardiac cirrhosis is common in patients with advanced heart failure and can limit heart transplant eligibility. We examined the outcomes of patients with cardiac cirrhosis following orthotopic heart transplantation.Material and methodsA retrospective matched cohort study of adult patients with cirrhosis undergoing heart transplantation at an Australian hospital from 2009 to 2017 was performed. Cirrhosis was established by either (a) histopathology or (b) combination of radiological features of cirrhosis and portal hypertension plus clinical features of portal hypertension. Primary objectives were to assess mortality, perioperative, and long‐term complications. Matching was performed with non‐cirrhotic patients undergoing heart transplantation in a 4:1 ratio.ResultsFive patients with biopsy‐proven cirrhosis or portal hypertension and 20 matched controls without cirrhosis were included. Additionally, 5 patients with clinical and radiological evidence of cirrhosis were assessed separately. The groups were well‐matched for age at transplant, year of transplant, gender, and comorbidities. Mortality was more frequent but not significantly greater in the cirrhosis group with 2 deaths within 4 months of transplant compared to 1 death each in the no cirrhosis and suspected cirrhosis groups (40%, 5%, 20% P = .40). The median duration of intensive care unit stay was longer in the cirrhosis group compared to the suspected cirrhosis group (8 vs 6 days, P = .03); however, there was no difference in total hospitalization (P = .56) or in median duration of admission (0.64) compared to the no cirrhosis group.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that there is greater mortality associated with cases of definite cirrhosis compared to suspected or matched controls following orthotopic heart transplantation; however, statistical significance was not reached. Admission length and complication rates were similar compared to those without cirrhosis. Future studies are warranted to further evaluate mortality risk in a larger population.
A Place at the Well: The Imperative for Farmer Inclusion in Water Conservation Policy Design
Authors: O’Connell Caela , Billingsley Krista 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAchieving cleaner water for rural and suburban communities in a sustainable way requires approaches tailored to the unique socioeconomic, ecological, and historic contexts embedded in a particular community and place. Water quality trading (WQT) is a payment for ecosystem services style policy that is currently popular across North America as a mechanism to reduce water pollution from rural communities. Yet this approach is failing to generate markets with enough trades to measurably improve waterways. Some failures are attributed to poor program design and others to stakeholder communities who are averse to the premise or morality of WQT. However, rural communities are not homogenous and many are in fact amenable to payment for ecosystem services policies such as WQT. Although our case study identified Tennessee watersheds as “feasible” locations, we present evidence that the typical program design parameters would fail, despite having a willing population of farmers. We argue that identifying amenable communities or feasible locations simplifies the agency of stakeholders and is ultimately insufficient to make ecosystem services programs work unless the design and implementation phases of the programs include local stakeholders.