bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mechanism of Cartilage Regeneration by Buffy Coat and the Pre-clinical Study
Authors: Song Guo , Gurung Kumar , Fu Shouyong , Jin Guangwen , Jin Longhao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAutologous bone marrow buffy coat transplantation possesses obvious advantages in the therapy of large cartilage defects and osteoarthritis. However, there is no definite research on the specific effective components of bone marrow buffy coat and its mechanism of cartilage regeneration. Moreover, as the crucial cartilage regenerative cell in bone marrow buffy coat, mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) are difficult to fix onto the damaged cartilage area without damaging the subchondral bone. We assessed the effect of using hyaluronic acid(HA) as a liquid scaffold mixed with autologous bone marrow buffy coat to fix cartilage defect.Methods and MaterialsWe extracted the bone marrow from the anterior superior iliac crest of the white New Zealand rabbit, centrifuged to obtain a buffy coat, and analyzed the components of buffy coat by ELISA. Buffy coat+HA group, MSC+HA group, MSC+TGF-β+HA group were cultured in vitro and observed by staining. In addition, we made damage to the femoral condyle of rabbits, and divided them into groups: HA group, buffy coat group, buffy coat with HA group. Each group was assessed for cartilage regeneration by visual observation, histological and immunohistochemical analysis at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, and biochemical analysis at 8 weeks postoperatively. One-way ANOVA and LSD were used for statistic analysis.ResultsBuffy coat have a variety of growth factors, inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate the MSCs’ regeneration. Buffy coat can differentiate into cartilage without TGF-β stimulation in vitro. The cartilage regeneration ability of buffy coat and buffy coat+HA is strong, and the combination of buffy coat and liquid scaffold HA can make cartilage formation ability more stable in vivo.ConclusionMSC, multiple growth factors and cytokines in buffy coat synergistically promote cartilage regeneration. Liquid scaffold HA enhances the effect of buffy coat on cartilage attachment and regeneration of cartilage defects.
Prognosis Analysis of Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors After Surgical Resection and the Application of Enucleation.
Authors: Chen Junzhang , Yang Yongyu , Liu Yuanhua , Kan Heping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNENs) after surgical resection, and to analyze the value of enucleation for pNETs without distant metastasis that are well-differentiated (G1) and have a diameter ≤ 4cm. Methods: Data from pNET patients undergoing surgical resection between 2004 and 2017 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank testing were used for the survival comparisons. Adjusted HRs with 95% CIs were calculated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models to estimate the prognostic factors. P < .05 was regarded as statistically significant.Results: This study found that female, cases diagnosed after 2010, and pancreatic body/tail tumors were protective factors for good survival，while histological grade G3, a larger tumor size, distant metastasis, AJCC 8th Stage III-IV and age over 60 were independent prognostic factors for a worse OS/CSS. For the pNETs that were well-differentiated (G1) and had a tumor diameter ≤ 4 cm, the type of surgery was an independent factor for the long-term prognosis of this group. Compared with pancreaticoduodenectomy and total pancreatectomy, patients who were accepted enucleation had better OS/CSS. Conclusion: For pNETs patients undergoing surgical resection, sex, year of diagnosis, tumor location, pathological grade, tumor size, distant metastasis, race, and age were independent prognostic factors associated with the OS/CSS of patients. For pNETs patients with G1 and a tumor diameter less than 4cm, if the tumor is located over 3 mm from the pancreatic duct, enucleation may be a wise choice.
Addressing Key Gaps in Implementation of Mosquito Larviciding to Accelerate Malaria Vector Control in Southern Tanzania: Results of a Stakeholder Engagement Process in Local District Councils
Authors: Mapua Salum Abdallah , Finda Marceline F. , Nambunga Ismail H. , Msugupakulya Betwel J. , Ukio Kusirye , Chaki Prosper P. , Tripet Frederic , Kelly Ann H. , Christofides Nicola , Lezaun Javier , Okumu Fredros O. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Larval source management was historically one of the most effective malaria control methods but is now widely deprioritized in Africa, where insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are preferred. However, in Tanzania, following initial successes in urban Dar-es-Salaam starting early-2000s, the government now encourages larviciding in both rural and urban councils nationwide to complement other efforts; and a biolarvicide production-plant has been established outside the commercial capital. This study investigated key obstacles and opportunities relevant to effective rollout of larviciding for malaria control, with a focus on the meso-endemic region of Morogoro, southern Tanzania. Methods: Key-informants were interviewed to assess awareness and perceptions regarding larviciding among designated health officials (malaria focal persons, vector surveillance officers and ward health officers) in nine administrative councils (N = 27). Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to assess awareness and perceptions of community members in selected areas regarding larviciding (N = 490). Thematic content analysis was done and descriptive statistics used to summarize the findings.Results: A majority of malaria control officials had participated in larviciding at least once over the previous three years. A majority of community members had neutral perceptions towards positive aspects of larviciding, but overall support for larviciding was high, although several challenges were expressed, notably: i) insufficient knowledge for identifying relevant aquatic habitats of malaria vectors and applying larvicides, ii) inadequate monitoring of program effectiveness, iii) limited financing, and iv) lack of personal protective equipment. Although the key-informants reported sensitizing local communities, most community members were still unaware of larviciding and its potential. Conclusion: The larviciding program was widely supported by both communities and malaria control officials, but there were gaps in technical knowledge, implementation and public engagement. To improve overall impact, it is important to: i) intensify training efforts, particularly for identifying habitats of important vectors, ii) adopt standard technical principles for applying larvicides, iii) improve financing for local implementation and iv) improve public engagement to boost community awareness and participation. These lessons could also be valuable for other malaria endemic areas wishing to deploy larviciding for malaria control or elimination.
A Participatory Approach to Address Within-Country Cross-Border Malaria: The Case of Menoreh Hills in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad Riris Andono Andono , Ferdiana Astri , Surendra Henry , Sy Tyrone Reden , Herbianto Deni , Rahayujati Theodola Baning , Rej Dwi Sarwani Sri , Murhandarwati E. Elsa Herdiana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The Menoreh Hills region is one of the few remaining foci of persistent endemic malaria bordering three districts of two provinces in Java, Indonesia. Despite commitment to build a partnership to eliminate cross-border malaria, there is a lack of understanding of how this partnership might be translated into an implementable strategic plan. The study aims to provide evidence as to how a participatory approach was used to strengthen cross-border partnership and stakeholders’ capacity to develop a joint strategic, operational, and costing plan for cross-border malaria elimination.MethodsWe performed a participatory action research involving participants from village, district, provincial, and national level This study was conducted in seven phases as follows: (1) scientific literature and administrative data review, (2) focus group discussions with stakeholders at district to identify priority problems in malaria control, (3) joint consultation at district level to prioritize problems and formulate intervention, (4) costing study (5) joint consultation with national and provincial stakeholders (6) finalization of joint strategic, operational plan with costing study, and (7) dissemination to stakeholders.ResultsProblems identified by stakeholders were low community awareness and participation in malaria prevention, high mobility across three districts, lack of financial, human resources, lack of inter-district coordination, and poor implementation of migration surveillance. Cross-border strategies identified to address malaria were improving cross-border migration surveillance, strengthening the network, governance, and advocacy of malaria control implementation across borders, and development of malaria information system. A working group, composed of the three districts representatives authorized to make decisions for cross-border issues will be created.ConclusionParticipatory approach was applicable in cross-border malaria planning for within-country settings and useful in enhancing stakeholders’ capacities as implementer. While done in a participatory way, the joint plan crafted was a non-binding agreement; stakeholders should advocate to ensure adequate funds are poured to mobilize the plan.
Epidemics and Networks: A Social Network Analysis of the Spread of COVID-19 in South Korea and Policy Implications
Authors: Jo Wonkwang , Chang Dukjin , You Myoungsoon , Ghim Ghi-Hoon 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study estimates the COVID-19 infection network from actual data and draws on implications for policy and research. Using contact tracing information of 3,283 confirmed patients in Seoul metropolitan areas from Jan 20 to July 19, 2020, this study creates an infection network and analyzes its structural characteristics. The main results are as follows: (1) out-degrees follow an extremely positively skewed distribution, and (2) removing the top nodes on the out-degree significantly decreases the size of the infection network. (3) The indicators, which express the infectious power of the network, change according to governmental measures. Efforts to collect network data and analyze network structures are urgently required for the efficiency of governmental responses to COVID-19. Implications for better use of a metric such as R0 to estimate infection spread are also discussed.
The impact of COVID-19 on the adaptive functioning of Italian children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: role of the online intervention.
Authors: Martina Siracusano , Eugenia Segatori , Assia Riccioni , Leonardo Gialloreti Emberti , Paolo Curatolo , Luigi Mazzone 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study investigated the impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic on the adaptive functioning, problematic and repetitive behaviors of an Italian sample of preschoolers and schoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder. We evaluated whether after the compulsory home confinement, in comparison to a baseline evaluation performed during the months preceding COVID-19, any improvement or worsening was reported by parents of ASD individuals using standardized instruments.No significant worsening in the areas explored emerged after the lockdown. Within the older participants, a clinical stability was found concerning both adaptive skills and behavioral aspects. Whereas, within preschoolers a significant improvement in adaptive skills emerged and was related to the subsistence of web delivered intervention, parental work persistency and online support during lockdown.
What Makes Palliative Care Needs “Complex”?: A Multisite Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Study of Patients Referred to Specialist Palliative Care
Authors: Finucane Anne , Swenson Connie , MacArtney John I , Perry Rachel , Lamberton Hazel , Hetherington Lucy , Graham-Wisener Lisa , Murray Scott , Carduff Emma 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Specialist palliative care (SPC) providers tend to use the term ‘complex need’ to refer to the needs of patients who require SPC. However, little is known about “complex needs” on first referral to a SPC service. We examined which needs are present and sought the perspectives of healthcare professionals on the complexity of need on first referral to a hospice service. Methods: Multi-site sequential explanatory mixed method study consisting of a case-note review and focus groups with healthcare professionals in four UK hospices. Results: Documentation relating to 239 new patient referrals to hospice was reviewed; and focus groups involving 22 healthcare professionals conducted. Most patients had two or more needs documented on referral (96%); and needs were recorded across two or more domains for 62%. Physical needs were recorded for 91% of patients; psychological needs were recorded for 59%. Spiritual needs were rarely documented. Referral forms were considered limited for capturing complex needs. Referrals were perceived as influenced by the experience and confidence of the referrer and the local resource available to meet palliative care needs directly.Conclusions: Complexity was hard to detail or to objectively define on referral documentation alone. It appeared to be a term used to describe patients whom primary or secondary care providers felt needed specialist palliative care knowledge or support to meet their needs. Education and training in palliative care for primary care nurses and doctors and hospital clinicians could reduce the need for referral and help ensure that hospices are available to those most in need of specialist palliative care input.
A Polarization-insensitive Dual-band Plasmonic Metamaterial Absorber for a Sensor Application
Authors: Kang Yongqiang , Gao Peng , Liu Hongmei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A polarization-insensitive dual-band plasmonic metamaterial absorber is proposed, which is constituted by merely the metal nano-cylinder and a continuous metallic ground separated by a middle dielectric layer. Two resonance peaks with over 99% absorbance derived from `the fundamental resonance and the surface lattice resonance are realized. In addition, we demonstrated that proposed dual-absorber retain nearly perfect absorbance for all polarization angles of both TE and TM modes on normal incidence. It is different from previous work that the dual-frequency response is obtained by combining two subunits of different sizes. Moreover, a first-order diffraction mode of grating predicted the resonance frequency of the proposed absorber. Importantly, the second absorption peak result from surface lattice resonance with narrow line-width has large sensitivity perform and high quality factor, which has significant potential in the application of biosensors and monitoring.
Surgical excision of complex lipoma from the foot: a case report&nbsp;
Authors: Uddin Akram , Flanagan George , Reilly Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Soft tissue malignant tumours of the foot and ankle are rare. Diagnostic imaging and interventional biopsy are vital to establish the nature and grading of a suspicious tumour prior to surgical intervention. The purpose of the study is to provide an account on how a symptomatic mass to the plantar aspect of the foot warranted a referral to a sarcoma centre, highlighting the importance of having urgent access to diagnostic imaging and a pathway to refer suspected cases to specialist centres. Method: A single patient with a symptomatic soft tissue tumour of the plantar foot was referred from our service to the regional sarcoma centre. It was considered to be benign and therefore open surgical resection was performed under local anaesthesia by our team, and the lesion sent for histopathological examination. Results: Histopathological analysis identified the excised mass as a lipoma to show no atypia or necrosis and mature adipose tissue with fibrous bands. At 2 years postoperatively there was no recurrence and the patient presented an asymptomatic foot. Favourable patient reported outcomes measures were observed. Conclusion: United Kingdom (UK) Guidelines suggest that all soft tissue masses of suspicious nature, greater than 50mm, deep seated irrespective of size, or fast growing should be referred to a sarcoma unit prior to surgical management. European guidance identifies a threshold of 15mm for a mass in the foot. Patients presenting with red flag symptoms irrespective of size of mass should be referred to a sarcoma centre. Advanced imaging and multidisciplinary input to enable appropriate surgical planning is recommended for these soft tissue tumours that present to the foot and ankle surgeon. Level of evidence: V case study.
Behavioral changes and hygiene practices of older adults in Japan during the COVID-19 emergency
Authors: Arai Yasumichi , Oguma Yuko , Abe Yukiko , Takayama Midori , Hara Azusa , Urushihara Hisashi , Takebayashi Toru 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: On April 7, 2020, Japan declared a state of emergency due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with the associated social distancing likely to have had a great impact on older adults’ lifestyle and health. The aim of this study was to explore the behavioral changes and personal hygiene practices of older adults during the COVID-19 emergency. Methods: A cross-sectional telephonic survey was conducted with the participants of the Kawasaki Aging and Wellbeing Project (KAWP), which is an on-going longitudinal cohort study of older adults aged 85 years or older. The interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire consisting of 11 closed questions regarding behavioral changes and personal hygiene practices during the state of emergency. Sociodemographic and health data were obtained from the KAWP baseline survey conducted 2.2 years prior to the telephonic survey.Results: Overall, 487 participants from the KAWP responded to the telephonic survey (response rate: 89.2%). 94.5% of the respondents reported no changes in basic lifestyle habits, such as eating, sleeping, smoking, and drinking, whereas 28.1% reported a decrease in the amount of physical activity, and 54.6% reported going out less frequently. One third of the respondents reported a decrease in the number of people to converse with, as well as the amount of time to converse. For personal hygiene practices, 93.8% reported wearing a mask when they went out, and 50.3% reported a more frequent washing of hands. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that engagement in leisure time physical activity at baseline (odds ratio [OR] = 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.45–3.82), smartphone ownership (OR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.23–2.99), and visual impairment (OR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.11–2.82) were independently associated with decreased physical activity. Female respondents, engagement in leisure-time physical activity, frequent community interaction, and smartphone ownership were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing.Conclusions: The study revealed that older adults in an urban setting responded to the COVID-19 emergency with behavioral changes. The findings of this study have implications for the design of preventive strategies to maintain the health and wellbeing of at-risk older adults.
Sensitivity analysis of potential evapotranspiration to key climatic factors in the Shiyang River Basin
Authors: Zhang Xuelei , Xiao Weihua , Wang Yicheng , Wang Yan , Kang Miaoye , Wang Hejia , Huang Ya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on determining the spatial and temporal characteristics of the sensitivity coefficients (SCs) between potential evapotranspiration (ET0) and key climatic factors across the Shiyang River Basin (SYRB) from 1981 to 2015. Penman–Monteith equation and a sensitivity analysis were used to calculate ET0 and the SCs for key climatic factors. Sen's slope was used to analyze the observed series. According to the results, the sensitivity significances were in the order of relative humidity (RH) &gt; net solar radiation (NSR) &gt; wind speed (WS) &gt; maximum air temperature (Tmax) &gt; minimum air temperature (Tmin). The SCs for the RH and NSR were larger in the upper mountainous region, while the other three coefficients were larger in the middle and lower reaches. All five climatic factors for the ET0 SCs showed increasing trends in the mountainous region, and the Tmax, WS and RH SCs increased in the middle and lower reaches. Over the past 35 years, the change in ET0 was dominated by the air temperature (T), RH and NSR, and the increase in ET0 during the studied period was mainly due to the increases in T and NSR.
Identification of Peptide Binders to Truncated Recombinant Chikungunya Virus Envelope Protein 2 Using Phage Display Technology and Their In Silico Characterization
Authors: Agarwal Garima , Gabrani Reema 
Published: October 2020

Aim:
To identify and characterize peptide binders to truncated recombinant chikungunya virus envelope protein
2.

Background:
Despite extensive research on the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), the specific antiviral treatment’s unavailability has stressed the need for the urgent development of therapeutics. The Envelope protein 2 (E2) of CHIKV that displays
putative receptor binding sites and specific epitopes for virus neutralizing antibodies is a critical target for the therapeutic intervention.

Objective:
The study aims to identify the unique peptides that can bind to truncated E2 protein of CHIKV and further explore their properties as potential therapeutic candidate.

Methods:
A stretch of CHIKV-E2 (rE2), which is prominently exposed on the surface of virion, was used as bait protein to
identify peptide binders to the CHIKV-rE2 using a 12-mer phage display peptide library. Three rounds of biopanning yielded several peptide binders to CHIKV-rE2 and their binding affinities were compared by phage ELISA. Additionally, a fully
flexible-blind docking simulation investigated the possible binding modes of the selected peptides. Furthermore, the selected
peptides were characterized and their ADMET properties were explored in silico.

Results:
Five peptides were identified as potential binders based on their robust reactivity to the bait protein. The selected
peptides appeared to interact with the crucial residues that were notably exposed on the surface of E1-E2 trimeric structure.
The explored in silico studies suggested their non-allergenicity, non-toxicity and likeliness to be antiviral.

Conclusion:
The potential binding peptides of CHIKV-rE2 protein were identified using phage display technology and
characterized in silico. The selected peptides could be further used for the development of therapeutics against the CHIKV
infection.