bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Condiciones meteorológicas y material particulado PM10 y PM2.5 en la construcción del hospital Hipólito Unánue, Tacna 2019
Authors: Motocanche Ayala Diego , Lazo Ramos Richard Sabino 
Published: November 2020

El presente estudio se basó en la influencia de las condiciones meteorológicas en la dispersión de la concentración de los contaminantes atmosféricos PM10 y PM2.5 durante la construcción del Hospital Hipólito Unánue de Tacna en los meses de junio a setiembre de 2018. La metodología de muestreo y análisis estuvo basado en el protocolo de monitoreo de calidad de aire y gestión de datos de la DIGESA (2005). Las 2 estaciones de monitoreo EMHU-01 y EMHU-02 registraron en el mes de junio para PM2.5 valores de 69.53 y 63,04 ug/m3 y en el mes de setiembre en la estación EMHU-01 el valor de 64,40 ug/m3 los cuales sobrepasaron el estándar de calidad ambiental para aire. Estos valores tuvieron relación directa con los altos valores de Temperatura de 18 y 19,6 °C y la velocidad de viento de 2,5 m/s y una relación inversa con la Humedad relativa 76,3 y 75 %. Además se determinó q no existe relación significativa entre los datos obtenidos y ambas variables fueron corroboradas con la prueba estadística chi cuadrado de Pearson
Sensitivity of modeled snow stability data to meteorological input uncertainty
Authors: Richter Bettina , van Herwijnen Alec , Rotach Mathias W. , Schweizer Jürg 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. To perform spatial snow cover simulations for numerical avalanche forecasting, interpolation and downscaling of meteorological data are required, which introduce uncertainties. The repercussions of these uncertainties on modeled snow stability remain mostly unknown. We therefore assessed the contribution of meteorological input uncertainty to modeled snow stability by performing a global sensitivity analysis. We used the numerical snow cover model SNOWPACK to simulate two snow instability metrics, i.e., the skier stability index and the critical crack length, for a field site equipped with an automatic weather station providing the necessary input for the model. Simulations were performed for a winter season, which was marked by a prolonged dry period at the beginning of the season. During this period, the snow surface layers transformed into layers of faceted and depth hoar crystals, which were subsequently buried by snow. The early-season snow surface was likely the weak layer of many avalanches later in the season. Three different scenarios were investigated to better assess the influence of meteorological forcing on snow stability during (a) the weak layer formation period, (b) the slab formation period, and
(c) the weak layer and slab formation period. For each scenario, 14 000 simulations were performed, by introducing quasi-random uncertainties to the meteorological input. Uncertainty ranges for meteorological forcing covered typical differences observed within a distance of 2 km or an elevation change of 200 m. Results showed that a weak layer formed in 99.7 % of the simulations, indicating that the weak layer formation was very robust due to the prolonged dry period. For scenario a, modeled grain size of the weak layer was mainly sensitive to precipitation, while the shear strength of the weak layer was sensitive to most input variables, especially air temperature. Once the weak layer existed (case b), precipitation was the most prominent driver for snow stability. The sensitivity analysis highlighted that for all scenarios, the two stability metrics were mostly sensitive to precipitation. Precipitation determined the load of the slab, which in turn influenced weak layer properties. For cases b and c, the two stability metrics showed contradicting behaviors. With increasing precipitation, i.e., deep snowpacks, the skier stability index decreased (became less stable). In contrast, the critical crack length increased with increasing precipitation (became more stable). With regard to spatial simulations of snow stability, the high sensitivity to precipitation suggests that accurate precipitation patterns are necessary to obtain realistic snow stability patterns.
“We Must Not Let These Stores That Trade on Human Misery Proliferate”: Black Activism, Spatial Justice, and Liquor Stores in South Central Los Angeles, 1984–94
Authors: Francis George 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article offers a new way of exploring African American protest in Los Angeles in the 1980s and 1990s. It moves beyond reductive explanations of an inevitable economic and cultural conflict between African Americans and Koreans to examine the role of urban space and understanding of “spatial justice” in fostering anger and resentment. Activists in Black Los Angeles had for a long time targeted liquor stores as a form of neighborhood blight in South Central. The article considers three organizational approaches to protesting liquor stores: 1) The South Central Organizing Committee, a coalition of local Black churches, whose morality politics understood liquor stores as representing neighborhood blight and enabling local crime; 2) The Brotherhood Crusade, an organization steeped in Black nationalist thinking, which emphasized economic independence and community ownership in conjunction with xenophobic leanings toward Korean shopkeepers; 3) The Community Coalition for Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment, which looked to deescalate racial tensions by refocusing the “problem” of liquor stores and their damaging effects on local quality of life as a public-health issue. Rethinking the controversy and tragedy caused by the death of Latasha Harlins as a conflict over contested spaces, rather than interracial hostility, helps us to understand the ways African Americans claimed space and connected social justice to physical spaces in the post-civil rights era despite differing tactics and objectives. Exploring these organizations leads to the conclusion that scholars need to take greater care to consider the role of space and the built environment when examining urban social movements.
The End of the Beginning: The Disability Rights Movement in the 1970s
Authors: Longmore Paul K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The disability rights movement has never been a single or homogeneous campaign. Instead, it has comprised several distinct disability-based movements that emerged at various times from the late-nineteenth through the late-twentieth century. The 1970s was a pivotal moment in the history of those movements, with several major developments occurring in most, resulting in crucial advances in disability rights advocacy. During the 1970s, activism became more organized, politicized, and militant. Advocacy groups emerged or expanded at both the grassroots and national levels. The culmination of this invigorated U.S. disability rights movement in the 1970s was a national protest in April 1977 at U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare offices in nine cities. Demonstrators wanted federal regulators to make Section 504 of the 1973 Rehabilitation Act an enforceable law. Prohibiting discrimination in federally funded programs against “otherwise qualified handicapped” persons, 504 was the first federal civil rights law protecting Americans with disabilities. These demonstrations had a critical impact on a reluctant Carter Administration’s making 504 enforceable and marked a watershed in the disability rights movement.
Legende samspil, frihed og rammer i det pædagogiske miljø – Narrative strukturer giver orienteringspunkter i hverdagen
Authors: Jørgensen Hanne Hede 
Published: November 2020

Øvrig forfatter: Anette Boye Koch, ph.d., docent, VIA-UC ResumeMed afsæt i et eksempel fra forskningsprojektet ’Det gode børnemiljø’ vises, hvordan en pædagog i en børnehave og inden for rammerne af et fortælleværksted indgår i legende samspil med en større gruppe børn. Gennem det legende samspil og ved at forbinde sig til børnenes ideer og inddrage deres perspektiver, støtter pædagogen deres deltagelse i aktiviteten. Med udgangspunkt i en narrativ analyse af fortælleværkstedet belyses og diskuteres, hvordan pædagoger og børn sammen udvikler narrative strukturer, som de bruger til at navigere i et institutionsliv, hvor meget foregår på én gang og på flere niveauer. Artiklen diskuterer, hvordan pædagoger kan anvende narrative strukturer til at skabe et godt pædagogisk miljø, hvor ’det gode’ knyttes til børns muligheder for deltagelse i hverdagslivet, mens ’det pædagogiske’ knyttes til pædagogers evne til at være både legende og rammesættende i deres samspil med børn. AbstractBased on an example from the research project ‘the good child environment’ the article illustrates how a pedagogue in a kindergarten and within the settings of a storytelling-session engages in play-full interactions with a large group of children. The play-full interactions motivate the children’s participation in the activity by connecting to their ideas and including their perspectives. Narrative analysis of the story-telling session shows – analytically – how pedagogues and children develop narrative structures, which are used on a daily basis to navigate in an institutional life where much is at stake simultaneously. The article discusses how narrative structures are useful in order to generate a good pedagogical environment in which ‘good’ is understood as children’s possibilities to navigate and participate in everyday life, and ‘pedagogical’ is understood as a professional balance between managing settings and acting playfully.
Diskussionen om opdragelse
Authors: Gulløv Eva 
Published: November 2020

Artiklen diskuterer den aktuelle debat om opdragelse og viser, hvordan den må forstås i lyset af nogle historiske ændringer i synet på børn og opvækst. Med inspiration fra figurationssociologien vises det, hvordan der har været en udvikling fra et mere hierarkisk syn på relationen mellem børn og voksne til en jævnbyrdig og uformel generationel omgangsform med en mere barnesensitiv opdragelsesform. Denne opdragelsesform er imidlertid under skarp kritik, fordi den ikke passer særlig godt med vilkårene i daginstitutioner og skoler. Artiklens viser, hvordan det er denne diskrepans mellem idealer for børn og praktiske vilkår i institutionerne, der har givet anledning til usikkerhed og den aktuelle debat om, hvad der er de rigtige opdragelsesværdier, og hvilken rolle og ansvar forældre har.

[Abstract – UK]
The discussion of upbringing – responsibility, authority and balancesThis article focuses on the current debate on upbringing in Denmark and argues that it should be seen in light of historical changes in the view of children and upbringing. There has been a shift from a more hierarchical perception of the relationship between children and adults, to a more informal approach stressing generational equality and the need for a child-sensitive form of care and upbringing. However, this approach is currently criticised as it does not match well with the frames and conditions of contemporary day-care institutions and schools. This discrepancy between ideals for children and practical conditions in the institutional settings has given rise to uncertainty and debate about the right form of upbringing and the role and responsibility of parents.
Forestillingen om den gode familie
Authors: Grumløse Sine Penthin , Marschall Anja 
Published: November 2020

Familier kan se ud på mange måder. Trods mangfoldighed og diversitet i familiers sammensætning synes én normativ forståelse af familien dog at dominere; nemlig kernefamilien. I denne artikel kombineres viden fra et diskursanalytisk forskningsprojekt om dansk familiepolitik med viden fra forskningsprojekter, der trækker på kritisk psykologisk familieforskning. Vi undersøger forståelsen af en god familie over tid og ser, hvordan præskriptive forståelser af en god familie som en stabil kernefamilie også i dag sætter en særlig – og ikke altid hensigtsmæssig – ramme for forældre, der bestræber sig på at arrangere gode betingelser for familiens liv men også for pædagogers samarbejde med forældrene. Dette sker ved, at vi dels kaster et blik bagud på forståelsen af en god familie, dels betragter konkrete problemstillinger i familiers hverdagsliv i dag og spejler dem i deres kulturhistoriske ophav.

[Abstract – UK]Perceptions of the good family – an educational challenge?Families today are composed in numerous ways but despite the diversity of the families’ composition, one normative understanding of family nevertheless seems to dominate; namely the nuclear family. In this article, we explore how the concept of a good family has developed historically and examine the meanings these understandings have for family life today. We analyze historical understandings of a good family and investigate how prescriptive understandings of a good family also today set a specific framework for both parents’ endeavoring to arrange good conditions for family life, but also for educators’ cooperation with parents. With this analytical approach, we seek to understand contemporary conditions of family life by mirroring them in their cultural-historical heritage.
Use of In vitro Technique in Predicting In vivo Response of Poultry to Enzyme Supplementation
Authors: Jimoh Abdulhameed , Atteh Job Olutimehin 
Published: November 2020

The need for rapid test in evaluation of feedstuffs in poultry nutrition cannot be overemphasized. Such test must however be able to replace exactly the response in the animal concern. This study was conducted to determine the suitability of In vitro technique in predicting the In vivo response of poultry to enzyme supplemented feedstuffs. Rice husk was used in a Completely Randomized Design with individual and cocktail of enzymes for both In vitro and In vivo trials. Three exogenous enzymes namely a xylanase, a multipurpose and a phytase were used individually, pairwise and altogether with the feedstuff to constitute the treatments namely T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, and T8. Each treatment was replicated thrice for both In vitro and In vivo trials. The In vitro trial was done to simulate the chicken digestive system while the In vivo trial was done using the intubation method. Parameters measured for both trials were digestibility values for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber and fiber fractions. All data collected were statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance procedure and treatment means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test. Correlation analysis was carried out to compare the results of both trials. Results show that enzymes individually and as cocktails significantly improved the digestibility of parameters for both In vitro and In vivo trials. Cocktails of enzymes were significantly better than the individual enzymes for dry matter and crude fiber digestibility for both In vitro and In vivo trials. Correlation analysis shows positive correlation (r=0.99, r=0.96, r=0.94, r= 0.86, r=0.78) between In vitro and In vivo trials in most of digestibility values for the rice husk. It was concluded that In vitro trial can be used as both criterion and replacement for In vivo trial when determining the efficacy of exogenous enzymes in poultry nutrition.
Effects of Extracts from Two Combretaceae Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill. and Perr. and Terminalia macroptera Guill. and Perr. on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Pathogenicity in Nicotiana tabacum L.
Authors: Ouédraogo Safiétou , Ouédraogo Razacswendé Fanta , Ouedraogo Vincent , Sombié Pierre Alexandre Eric Djifaby , Compaoré Moussa , Kiendrebeogo Martin 
Published: November 2020

Aims: This study aimed to assess the ability of methanolic bark extracts from medicinal plants, Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia macroptera for reducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 bacteria pathogenicity in Nicotiana tabacum.
Study Design: A complete randomized block design was used with 3 replications including 3 infiltrations modes: PAO1 only, PAO1+ A. leiocarpus extract, PAO1+ T. macroptera extract; the control plants didn’t received infiltration.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Chemistry Applied and Plant Ecophysiology Laboratory, University Joseph KI-ZERBO between November 2018 and May 2019.
Methodology: Six weeks old tobacco plants previously cultured in vitro were infected via infiltration of bacterial inoculum with or not plant extract into Arabidopsis leaves. Ten days after the infection, phenotypic and biochemical leaves parameters were evaluated. The ImageJ software was used to measure discolored and necrotic surfaces. Chlorophyll a and b, proteins, total polyphenols and total flavonoids foliar contents were determined by spectrophotometry.
Results: The extracts of plants used reduced significantly the severity of chlorosis and necrosis. They also allowed to increase the chlorophyll a but lowered the total flavonoids contents. T. macroptera extract showed an important reduction potential of necrotic area and total flavonoid content, and led to a decrease of total polyphenol content. A. leiocarpus extract application improved the protein content.
This antibacterial activity seems attributable to the content in secondary metabolites including polyphenols acting alone or in synergy with those synthesized by tobacco. In addition, it appears that i) total polyphenols content make T. macroptera the most effective extract plant on foliar necrosis and that ii) perhaps other(s) class(es) of extract polyphenol, different of flavonoids, is (are) involved in the protective action on leaf 10 days after infection.
Conclusion: A. leiocarpus or T. macroptera extracts in the inoculum reduced chlorosis and necrosis damages thanks to infiltrated polyphenols but not enough to prevent damages completely.
Evaluation of Formulated Anti-dermatophyte Creams from Ethanol Extract of Mitracarpus villosus Leaves
Authors: Fawehinmi A. B. , Oyedeji F. O. 
Published: November 2020

Microsporium, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton are asexual fungi usually called dermatophytes. They are known to cause a kind of skin diseases called dermatophytosis. There have been reported cases of resistance by the dermatophytes with prolonged usage of synthetic antifungals on the skin. The aim of this study was to formulate herbal antifungal cream containing extract of Mitracarpus villosus as an anti-dermatophytic preparation and evaluate its physicochemical properties, stability and efficacy of the product. The formulated creams containing 0.5, 1 and 2% w/w of extract were subjected to stability tests using temperature variation method at -10, 4, 30, 37 and 45oC. Freeze-thaw test, Centrifuge test, pH and exposure to UV light test were also carried out using standard method. Efficacy of the cream formulations were determined using Wistar rats as experimental animals.
The percentage yield of the extract was (2.1%). Percentage ethanol phytochemical composition indicated that for alkaloid it is 1.06±0.04%, saponins (0.96±0.07%), flavonoids (0.06±0.02%) and tannins (0.04±0.01%). The emulsion produced was an oil-in-water emulsion and had a white colour with pH of 7.02, spread of emulsion, rubbing-in effect and stability to centrifugation was very high. The antifungal results showed the activity against the dermatophytes to be in the increasing order Epidermophyton floccosum (9 mm) <Microsporum audounii (12 mm) <Trichophyton mentagrophtes (13 mm) <M. furfur (12 mm).Temperature stability and Centrifuge testing indicated that the formulations were stable. Light testing indicated no change in the colour of the products. Animal studies evaluation of the formulations of the cream indicated that their efficacy against the dermatophytes is concentration dependent and is in the increasing order M. audounii (34 µm) = E. floccosum (34 µm) <T. mentagrophyte (35 µm) <M. furfur (45 µm) which shows that 2% Mitracarpus villosus cream was statistically significant (P<0.05) against all the test microorganisms.
Preoperative Intake of Carbohydrate-Rich Drinks Is Associated With Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Patients After Gastric Cancer Surgery
Authors: Park Miyeong , Ok Seong-Ho , Park Jiyoung , Yu Ho Gyung , Bae Sung Il , Kim Tae-Han , Min Jae-Seok , Jeong Sang-Ho 
Published: November 2020

Background
The aims of this study were to investigate the correlation between carbohydrate-rich drinks (CRDs) before gastric cancer surgery and postoperative nutrition laboratory findings and to determine whether CRDs affect the incidence of postoperative complications.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on 142 patients who underwent radical stomach cancer surgery. The patients were divided into 2 groups (nothing per oral group versus CRD group) according to the intake of CRDs before surgery. We performed statistical analysis using Student t test, the χ2 test, and a binary logistic regression model (SPSS Statistics software, version 24).

Results
Laboratory analysis of the nutrition status showed a significant increase in serum protein and albumin levels in the CRD group after postoperative day 1 (POD1; P &lt; 0.05). The overall morbidity rate showed no difference between the 2 groups, but pulmonary complications showed significant differences of 1/72 and 9/70 (P = 0.008). In the univariate analysis, there were significantly increased pulmonary complications in patients with higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores (P = 0.001), existing pulmonary disease (P = 0.003), anastomotic leakage (P = 0.03), and CRD intake (P = 0.008). In the multivariate analysis, CRD intake was the only independent factor.

Conclusion
We found that administering a CRD is effective in improving albumin and protein levels in the short-term period after surgery but is an independent factor for pulmonary complications after gastrectomy. We recommend that patients with no medications for pulmonary disease and with low ECOG scores can safely ingest CRDs and expect short-term nutritional effects.
Altered mental status in “Guillain‐Barré syndrome” –a noteworthy clinical clue
Authors: Mulroy Eoin , Anderson Neil E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGuillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) is widely regarded as a “pure” peripheral nervous system disorder. However, this simplistic interpretation belies the fact that central nervous system involvement, often manifesting as derangements in mental status can occur as a complication of the “pure” form of the disorder, as part of GBS variants, as well as in a number of mimic disorders. Despite being common in clinical practice, there is no guidance in the literature as to how to approach such scenarios. Herein, we detail our approach to these cases.