bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flavored Tobacco Sales Prohibition (2009) and Noncigarette Tobacco Products in Retail Stores (2017), New York City
Authors: Farley Shannon M. , Sisti Julia , Jasek John , Schroth Kevin R. J. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives. To assess explicit- (products clearly labeled flavored) and emergent concept- (products implying flavoring but not clearly labeled) flavored tobacco product availability following New York City’s flavor restriction. Methods. We examined explicit- and concept-flavored tobacco product availability, with 2017 New York City Retailer Advertising of Tobacco Survey data (n = 1557 retailers). We assessed associations between block group–level demographic characteristics and product availability by using logistic regression. Results. Most retailers sold explicit-flavored (70.9%) or concept-flavored (69.3%) products. The proportion of non-Hispanic Black neighborhood residents predicted explicit- and concept-flavored product availability, as did having a high school within a retailer’s block group for concept-flavored products. Conclusions. Explicit- and concept-flavored other tobacco products persisted throughout New York City, despite 2009 legislation restricting sales. Public Health Implications. Making local sales restrictions or federal production bans inclusive of all explicit and concept flavors would reduce retailer and industry evasion opportunities and protect the health of youths and others.
Harvesting on a State-Dependent Time Delay Model
Authors: Xie Ruijun , Zhang Xin , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose and analyze a cooperation model with harvesting and state-dependent delay, which is assumed to be an increasing function of the population density with lower and upper bound. The main purpose of this article is to obtain the dynamics of our model analytically by controlling the harvesting. We present results on positivity and boundedness of all populations. Criteria for the existence of all equilibria and uniqueness of a positive equilibrium are given by controlling the harvesting. Finally, the global exponentially asymptotical stability criteria of model is obtained by the improved Hanalay inequality.
Mixed Micelles of Binary Mixtures of Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfate and Tween 80 Surfactants in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Hakeem Sammer 
Published: March 2020

In the present work, the surface properties of mixed binary surfactants containing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfate (SDBS) and Tween 80 (TW80) surfactants in aqueous solutions were studied at temperature 293 K using surface tension measurements. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) magnitude for both individual surfactants and their mixtures were established the obtained results revealed that the magnitude of cmc of the mixtures are less than the magnitude of individual surfactants and decrease with the increase in Tween 80 percent in solution which indicate the nonideal mixing of the two surfactants. The values of molecular interaction parameters and the mole fraction of surfactants in the micelle (X1) were calculated on the basis of Rubingh’s model and showed that the interaction parameter is always negative but at 0.9 mole fraction of TW80 surfactant (α1) is positive
Solving Linear Volterra – Fredholm Integral Equation of the Second Type Using Linear Programming Method
Authors: Mustafaf Muna Mansoor 
Published: March 2020

In this paper, a new technique is offered for solving three types of linear integral equations of the 2nd kind including Volterra-Fredholm integral equations (LVFIE) (as a general case), Volterra integral equations (LVIE) and Fredholm integral equations (LFIE) (as special cases). The new technique depends on approximating the solution to a polynomial of degree and therefore reducing the problem to a linear programming problem(LPP), which will be solved to find the approximate solution of LVFIE. Moreover, quadrature methods including trapezoidal rule (TR), Simpson 1/3 rule (SR), Boole rule (BR), and Romberg integration formula (RI) are used to approximate the integrals that exist in LVFIE. Also, a comparison between those methods is produced. Finally, for more explanation, an algorithm is proposed and applied for testing examples to illustrate the effectiveness of the new technique.
­­Assessment of Viral RNA in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Using RNA-seq
Authors: Yin Qinyan , Strong Michael J , Zhuang Yan , Flemington Erik K , Kaminski Naftali , de Andrade Joao , Lasky Joseph A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Numerous publications suggest an association between herpes virus infection and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). These reports have employed immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and/or PCR, which are susceptible to specificity artifacts. Methods We investigated the possible association between IPF and viral RNA expression using next-generation sequencing, which has the potential to provide a high degree of both sensitivity and specificity. We quantified viral RNA expression for 740 viruses in 28 IPF patient lung biopsy samples and 20 age-matched controls. Key RNA-seq results were confirmed using Real-time RT-PCR for select viruses (EBV, HCV, herpesvirus saimiri and HERV-K). Results We identified sporadic low-level evidence of viral infections in our lung tissue specimens, but did not find a statistical difference for expression of any virus, including EBV, herpesvirus saimiri and HERV-K, between IPF and control lungs. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publication that employs RNA-seq to assess whether viral infections are linked to the pathogenesis of IPF. Our results do not address the role of viral infection in acute exacerbations of IPF, however, this analysis patently did not support an association between herpes virus detection and IPF.
Loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1 drive lung cancer progression via KEAP1/NRF2 pathway activation
Authors: Gong Meiling , Li Yan , Ye Xiao-Ping , Zhang Linlin , Wang Zhifang , Xu Xiaowen , Shen Yejing , Zheng Cui-Xia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background and Purpose: Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have led to dramatic change in the treatment of lung cancer, however, the overall 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients is still suboptimal. It is important to exploit new potential of molecularly targeted therapies. High-frequency somatic mutations in KEAP1/NRF2 (27.9%) have been identified in lung squamous cell carcinoma. In this research, we explored the role of KEAP1 somatic mutations in the development of LSCC and whether a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2) inhibitor be potential to targetlung cancer carrying KEAP1/NRF2 mutations. Methods: Lung cancer cell lines A549 and H460 with loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1 stably transfected with wild-type (WT) KEAP1 or somatic mutations in KEAP1 were used to investigate the functions of somatic mutations in KEAP1 . Flow cytometry, plate clone formation experiments, and scratch tests were used to examine reactive oxygen species, proliferation, and migration of these cell lines. Results: The expression of NRF2 and its target genes increased , and tumor cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth were accelerated in A549 and H460 cells stably transfected with KEAP1 mutants compared to control cells with a loss-of-function KEAP1 mutation and stably transfected with WT KEAP1 in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The proliferation of A549 cell line trasfected with the R320Q KEAP1 mutant was Inhibited more apparent than that of the A549 cell line trasfected with WT KEAP1 after treatment with NRF2 inhibitor ML385. Conclusion : Somatic mutations of KEAP1 identified from patients with LSCC likely promote tumorigenesis mediated by activation of the KEAP1/NRF2 antioxidant stress response pathway. NRF2 inhibition with ML385 could inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells with KEAP1 mutation.
A new anatomic zone division within the cervical spinal canal
Authors: Kong Chao , Liu Li , Liu Yadong , Chen Xueming , Yuan Xin , Gao Yan , Guan Yun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Detailed anatomical information is important for identifying the origin and anatomic basis of symptoms in cervical spondylosis patients, but very little quantitative data have been reported. This study characterized the morphologic features of cervical spinal nerve rootlets and defined different zones at cervical spinal canal to provide an anatomic basis for studying cervical spondylosis.
Methods: Ten cervical spines from C2 to T1 were obtained for the present study. We defined three zones from midline to lateral part (zone I, II and III) and two zones from cranial to caudal (zone P and zone IP) on the coronal plane within the cervical spinal canal. Quantitative anatomy of the zones at different cervical segments were measured including: 1) horizontal widths of zone I, II and III; 2) Length of the cervical spinal cord segment at the ventral rootlets (LV); 3) The pedicle height (PH, zone P) and the inter-pedicle height (IPH, zone IP); 4) The distance between the superior margin of pedicle and the exit of the uppermost ventral nerve rootlet (PN).
Results: There was a trend that the horizontal widths of zone I gradually decrease from C4 to C8 but without significant differences (P=0.98). The value of zone II at C4 was significantly less than that at other levels (P=0.008). The value of zone III increases from C4 to C8, and the values at C7 and C8 were significantly higher than those at C4, C5 and C6 (P=0.032). PHs and IPHs were not significantly different between different levels (P1=0.365; P2=0.240). The values of LV at C4 and C8 were smaller than those of C5, C6 and C7 (P=0.001). The value of PN showed an increasing trend. At C4, the uppermost ventral rootlet was at about the same height as C3 pedicle, while C8 uppermost ventral rootlet was at the same level as the inferior part of C6 pedicle. Ventral intradural intersegmental connections were found in three intersegments (two specimens) out of 20 intersegments (15%).
Conclusions: The current definition of anatomic zones may be useful for an accurate diagnosis of cervical spondylosis and a safe and effective anterior decompression surgery.
Internet addiction mediates the association between cyber victimization and psychological and physical symptoms：moderation by physical exercise
Authors: Lin Ling , Liu Jianbo , Cao Xiaolan , Wen Siying , Xu Jianchang , Xue Zhenpeng , Lu Jianping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The potential mechanisms underlying cyber victimization and the resulting psychological and physical symptoms remain unclear. Thus, the present study investigated whether Internet addiction mediates the association between peer victimization (e.g., cyberbullying) and psychological and physical symptoms. Furthermore, it was assessed whether physical exercise moderates the hypothetical mediation.Methods: 1,854 students from 11 middle and high schools in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, were sampled for this study. Psychological and physical symptoms were assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF, while Internet addiction was evaluated using the Internet addiction test by Young. Cyber victimization was measured using a single question. In addition, this study examined whether Internet addiction mediated the association between cyber victimization and both psychological and physical symptoms. Additional work was conducted to test if physical exercise played a moderating role in the mediation hypothesized above. Mediation and moderation were analyzed using PROCESS macro for SPSS.Results: Regression analysis showed that both cyber victimization (β = -0.102, p < 0.05) and Internet addiction (β = -0.278, p < 0.05) significantly predicted psychological and physical symptoms and demographic variables were controlled. Further mediation analysis suggested that Internet addiction mediated the relationship between cyber victimization and psychological and physical symptoms. The 95% CI (confidence interval) of the direct effect was (-4.283, -1.696) and the indirect effect (­–1.904, -0.820), respectively, excluding zero. Finally, moderation analysis indicated that physical exercise moderated the relationship between Internet addiction and psychological and physical symptoms (p = 0.047).Conclusions: Internet addiction plays a mediating role in the association between cyber victimization and both psychological and physical symptoms, Thus, addressing Internet addiction among cyberbullying victims is worthwhile. Furthermore, physical exercise alleviates negative impacts on health and should thus be promoted.
Genome-Wide association Study Identifies Candidate Genes Related to Oleic acid content of Soybean Seed
Authors: Wang Pi-wu , Di Qin , Liu Xiao-Yi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr] originated in China and has been cultivated for more than 3000 years. Soybean oil is a complex mixture of five fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic). Soybean oil with high oleic acid content is desirable because this monounsaturated fatty acid improves the oxidative stability of the oil. To investigate the genetic architecture of oleic acid in soybean seed. 260 Soybean germplasms from Northeast China were collected as the natural population. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted in a panel of 260 germplasm resources.Results: Phenotypic identification result showed that the content of oleic acid varied from 8.2% to 35.0%. 2,311,337 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were obtained. GWAS analysis showed that there were many genes related to oleic acid content with contribution rate 7%. The candidate genes Glyma.11G229600.1 on chromosome 11 and Glyma.04G102900.1 on chromosome 4 were detected in a 2-year long GWAS. The candidate gene Glyma.11G229600.1 showed a positive correlation with the oleic acid content, and the correlation coefficient was 0.980, while Glyma.04G102900.1 showed a negative correlation with the oleic acid content. The correlation coefficient was -0.964.Conclusions: Glyma.04G102900.1 on chromosome 4 and Glyma.11G229600.1 on chromosome 11 were detected in both anaylsis (2018 and 2019). Glyma.04G102900.1 and Glyma.11G229600.1 are new key candidate genes related to oleic acid in soybean seeds.These results will be useful for High-oleic soybean breeding.
Prevalence and Genotype distribution of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Different Anatomical Sites among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Farahmand Mohammad , Monavari Seyed Hamidreza , Tavakoli Ahmad 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Homosexual men or men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection because of their high-risk sexual behaviors. In this large study, a meta-analytic approach was used to systematically analyze the literature to elucidate the prevalence and genotype distribution of anal, penile, oral, and urethral HPV infection among MSM in the world.Methods: To carry out this systematic review, five electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published from January 2012 through to November 2019, and pertinent data were collected from the eligible articles. The pooled HPV prevalences were calculated for each anatomical region using random-effect model weighted by the inverse variance method. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the probable sources of heterogeneity. The meta-analysis was performed using the “Metaprop” function in the R package Meta.Results: The overall pooled prevalence of anal, penile, oral, and urethral HPV infection among MSM were 78.11 % (95% CI: 75.50%-80.52%), 36.26% (95% CI: 29.13%–44.05%), 17.33% (95% CI: 13.65%–21.75%), and 15.40% (95% CI: 7.86%–27.97%), respectively. Stratified analyses showed that the prevalences of HPV were significantly higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative MSM. The most frequent HPV high-risk type detected in the anus, penis, and oral cavity was HPV-16 (20.32%, 4.96%, and 3.16%, respectively). Conclusion: HPV infection is on the dramatic rise in MSM because of high-risk sexual behaviors, strongly suggesting the increased risk of developing HPV-related diseases and malignancies in this population. Among different sexual orientations, male homosexuality is associated with the highest risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections.
Numerical simulation and experimental study of blade pitch effect on Darrieus straight-bladed wind turbine with high solidity: A case study under realistic conditions
Authors: Soultanzadeh Milad Babadi , Moradi Alireza 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Numerical and experimental studies were performed to examined the influence of pitch angle on the aerodynamic performance of a small Darrieus straight blade vertical axis wind turbine with high solidity and pitch regulation system under a realistic condition. By comparing experimental and numerical results, numerical results were validated. The power coefficient was measured and calculated at different tip speed ratios and for two pitch angles 0 and 5. The results revealed that 5 degrees increase in the pitch angle led to 25% elevation in the maximum value of the power coefficient (performance coefficient). Also, the numerical results showed higher accuracy at lower tip speed ratios for both pitch angles. After numerical method validation, numerical method employed to calculate the coefficient of performance and coefficient of torque function of Azimuth position as well as the flow field in the rotor affected zone and lateral distance. According to the numerical results, vorticity generation increased by the rise in the pitch angle at a constant tip speed ratio; the maximum performance coefficient occurred at a lower tip speed ratio with elevation in the pitch angle; finally, the increment in the pitch angle led to lower velocity profile in lateral distances of the rotor.
Early solid diet supplementation influences proteomic of rumen epithelium in goat kids
Authors: Zhuang Yimin , Cui Kai , Huang Wenqin , Han Yong , Diao Qiyu , Zhang Naifeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Rumen is an important organ for nutrient absorption and metabolism in goats, and its constant development is a prerequisite for the healthy growth of goat kids. Previous studies have shown that the intake of solid feed in early life can significantly promote the development of rumen tissue morphology and metabolic function in young ruminants. However, the expressed proteome in rumen epithelium of goats supplemented solid diet is still limited. In this study, 24 pairs of twin goats were randomly divided into milk replacer group (MR) and milk replacer with supplemented solid diets group (SS) using proteomic analysis based on ITRAQ technique, which allow to further analyze potential biological mechanism. Results: Significant increased papilla length and width, epithelium thickness as well as muscle layers thickness were observed in SS group. A total of 6003 differentially expressed proteins were detected in the SS group compared to the MR group by analyzing the rumen protein expression of six biological replicates, of which 251 proteins were up-regulated and 750 proteins were down-regulated. According to Gene Ontology, the differential expressed proteins (DEPs) were significantly enriched in functions related to cell development and biosynthesis. The networks of KEGG pathways demonstrated that most of the 30 significantly enriched pathways involved in cellular metabolism, signal transduction and immunity. Conclusions: The supplementation of solid feed promoted the growth of rumen epithelial cells, improved the rumen's immune function, and activated lipid metabolism. Our findings provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying rumen developmental differences in goat kids caused by solid feed.
Effect of AgpP-P phytase supplementation on productivity, nutrient availability, veterinary-sanitary assessment of meat and serum biochemical parameters of broiler chickens
Authors: Bulmakova Daria Sergeevna , Smolentsev Sergey Yuryevich , Suleimanova Aliya Damirovna , Hadieva Guzel Fanisovna , Lutfullin Marat Tafkilevich , Mardanova Ayslu Mirkasymovna , Sharipova Margarita Rashidovna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The major storage form of phosphorus in plant-derived feed is presents by insoluble phytates and not digested by animals. Microbial enzymes phytases are able to hydrolyze phytates and are widely used as feed additives in animal nutrition to improving the utilization of phytate-phosphorus in diets and reducing manure phosphorus excretion to the environment. However, no single phytase can perform effectively under various conditions of digestive systems and dietary compositions. That's why there is a constant search and development of new effective feed phytases preparations. The objective of this study was to study the effect of AgpP-P phytase supplementation on productivity, nutrient availability, veterinary-sanitary assessment of meat and serum biochemical parameters of Hubboard broilers. Results Results showed that phytase supplementation increased body weight and absolute weigh gain in broilers, while reducing the total amount of feed consumed by birds (P < 0.05). Phytase improved the availability and absorption of organic nutrients, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). However, no differences were observed for nitrogen (N) (P < 0.05). Phytase supplementation increased Ca and P contents, total protein (TP) level and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, and reduced urea level, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in serum, respectively (P < 0.05). The meat of phytase-fed broilers meets Russian State Standards (GOST) for fresh good-quality meat based on organoleptic, physicochemical and bacterioscopic characteristics. Conclusions The results of present study demonstrated that addition of AgpP-P phytase to the diet of broiler chickens has a positive effect on the nutrient availability and productivity of birds, while reducing the total amount of feed consumed by chickens. Biochemical parameters in serum remained within the physiological norm. The meat of phytase-fed broilers met the Russian State Standards (GOST) for fresh good-quality meat. Thus, it is shown that AgpP-P phytase has the potential for use as a feed additive in poultry farming.