bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of oxidative balance score with cardiovascular disease and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in American adults with type 2 diabetes: data from the National Health and Nutrition examination survey 1999-2018
Authors: Fan Meilin , Song Shina , Chu Tingting , Li Ronghong , Yue Miao , Li Xiaofeng , Yang Jing 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundOxidative stress has an important role in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Oxidative balance score (OBS) is an emerging assessment of dietary and lifestyle oxidative balance. We aimed to explore the association of OBS with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause and CVD mortality in the T2D population through NHANES 1999-2018.MethodsOBS integrated 16 dietary components and 4 lifestyle components. T2D was diagnosed according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. Multivariate logistic regression and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to explore the association of OBS with CVD and mortality in T2D, respectively.Results3801 adult T2D participants were included. In fully adjusted models, OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS were all negatively associated with the prevalence of CVD (odds ratios of 0.98, 0.98, and 0.85, respectively). Higher OBS and lifestyle OBS (p for trend 0.016 and &lt;0.001, respectively) rather than dietary OBS (p for trend = 0.06) were associated with significantly lower odds of CVD. Higher OBS, dietary OBS, and lifestyle OBS were all negatively associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratios [HR] of 0.98, 0.98, and 0.92, respectively; p for trend of 0.002, 0.009, and 0.035, respectively). Higher OBS and dietary OBS were negatively associated with CVD mortality (HR 0.96 and 0.95, respectively; p for trend both &lt;0.001), whereas lifestyle OBS was not. Restricted cubic spline analysis suggested that most associations were linear. Stratified analyses showed that these associations were influenced by some demographic variables and disease status.ConclusionsAdherence to higher OBS was associated with reduced CVD prevalence and mortality risk in T2D. Antioxidant diet and lifestyle had more significant associations with mortality and CVD prevalence, respectively. However, as these findings are merely associations and do not allow causal inferences to be drawn, future validation in high-quality randomized controlled trials is needed.
Associations between breastfeeding and self-reported experience of the “10 Steps to Successful Breastfeeding”: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of maternity clinic practices in Cyprus
Authors: Economou Mary , Kolokotroni Ourania , Paphiti-Demetriou Irene , Kouta Christiana , Lambrinou Ekaterini , Hadjigeorgiou Eleni , Hadjiona Vasiliki , Middleton Nicos 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo assess the implementation of the “10 Steps for Successful Breastfeeding” and explore associations with any Breastfeeding (BF) and Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) initiation and continuation.MethodsImplementation of the 10 Steps was assessed based on a consecutive sample of 568 mothers’ self-reported experience across all public (N = 5) and 29 (of 35) private maternity clinics using the WHO/UNICEF BFHI questionnaire (Section 4) within the first 24–48 h after birth. BF and EBF were estimated within 48 h after birth as well as at 1st, 4th and 6th month based on a self-reported current status method. Associations with initiation and continuation of any BF and EBF up to the 6th month were explored in logistic regression after adjusting for potential confounders. Associations were explored with individual steps as well as the overall experience, operationalized as the sum score of full, partial or no implementation of each item, with the exception of Step 6 (exclusive breastfeeding).ResultsAt mean score 6.2 (SD = 2.7), the overall 10 Steps experience was low (theoretical range 0–14), even among those who breastfed exclusively (M = 7.7, SD = 2.0). EBF and BF initiation and continuation showed a stepwise association with self-reported experience of the 10 Steps. Across quartiles of increasing scores within 48 h after birth, the prevalence of EBF was 7.5%, 14.4%, 19.0%, and 34.2%. Mothers who experienced full or partial implementation of Step 4 (i.e., early initiation with skin-to-skin) were more likely to continue BF and EBF up to the 4th month, while use of pacifiers (Step 9) was more likely to have an adverse effect on breastfeeding continuation and exclusivity.ConclusionThe BFIH's “10 Steps” are associated with BF initiation while certain practices seem to be more strongly associated with exclusivity and continuation of breastfeeding up to the sixth month. While breastfeeding intention may determine the experience of the 10 Steps, this also suggests that maternity care practices can have a supportive role for mothers to succeed their intentions to BF and EBF.
CRP deposition in human abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with transcriptome alterations toward aneurysmal pathogenesis: insights from in situ spatial whole transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Kim Eun Na , Seok Hee Young , Lim Joon Seo , Koh Jiwon , Bae Jeong Mo , Kim Chong Jai , Ryu Ga-Hyeon , Ok You Jung , Choi Jae-Sung , Cho Chung-Hyun , Oh Se Jin 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundWe investigated the effects of C-reactive protein (CRP) deposition on the vessel walls in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by analyzing spatially resolved changes in gene expression. Our aim was to elucidate the pathways that contribute to disease progression.MethodsAAA specimens from surgically resected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were categorized into the AAA–high CRP [serum CRP ≥ 0.1 mg/dL, diffuse and strong immunohistochemistry (IHC); n = 7 (12 cores)] and AAA–low-CRP [serum CRP &lt; 0.1 mg/dL, weak IHC; n = 3 (5 cores)] groups. Normal aorta specimens obtained during heart transplantation were used as the control group [n = 3 (6 cores)]. Spatially resolved whole transcriptomic analysis was performed, focusing on CD68-positive macrophages, CD45-positive lymphocytes, and αSMA-positive vascular smooth muscle cells.ResultsSpatial whole transcriptomic analysis revealed significant differential expression of 1,086, 1,629, and 1,281 genes between high-CRP and low-CRP groups within CD68-, CD45-, and αSMA-positive cells, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of CD68-positive macrophages identified clusters related to inflammation, apoptosis, and immune response, with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 implicated across three processes. Notably, genes involved in blood vessel diameter maintenance were significantly downregulated in the high-CRP group. GO analysis of lymphocytes showed upregulation of leukocyte rolling and the apoptosis pathway, whereas, in smooth muscle cells, genes associated with Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) pathway were upregulated, and those related to blood pressure regulation were downregulated in the high-CRP group.DiscussionCRP deposition was associated with significant transcriptomic changes in macrophages, lymphocytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells in AAA, suggesting its potential role in promoting pro-inflammatory and apoptotic processes, as well as contributing to the degradation of vascular structure and elasticity.
Associations of NETs with inflammatory risk and clinical predictive value in large artery atherosclerosis stroke: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Jiang , Liu Lei , Zhang Ruxu , Pan Liqun , Tan Juanying , Ou Mingxin , Luo Xiuju , Peng Jun , Hu Zhongyang 
Published: December 2024

Background and objectiveNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) with inflammatory risk are important contributors to cardiovascular disease, but no definitive information is available in large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke. This study aims to investigate the association between NETs with related inflammatory biomarkers and prognosis of LAA stroke in the Chinese population.MethodsA prospective study involving 145 LAA stroke cases and 121 healthy controls was conducted. Serum levels of MPO-DNA, PAD4, HMGB1, C1q, AIM2, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were determined in all participants. The biomarkers were detected at three time points after stroke onset (24 hours: T1, 48 hours: T2, 7 days: T3) for LAA stroke patients and once for controls. Patients were followed up for 2 years after the ischemic event.ResultsThe serum MPO-DNA, PAD4, C1q, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 reach their peak at 24 hours after stroke onset and show a decreasing trend during acute phase. MPO-DNA, AIM2 and IL-1β at baseline were associated with poor outcome at 3 months, further GMDR analysis revealed that the combination of MPO-DNA, AIM2 and IL-1β exert a synergistic effect on the prognosis of LAA stroke (OR: 8.75 95%CI (2.10-32.42)). For time-to-event analysis, MPO-DNA, Caspase-1 and IL-1β at baseline were predictors of MVEs after stroke (HR:4.04 (95%CI 1.28-12.70), 2.33 (95%CI 1.06-5.12) and 4.09 (95%CI 1.39-11.99), respectively).ConclusionsNETs and related inflammatory biomarkers at baseline predicted outcome at 3 months and late major vascular events following LAA stroke, supporting a rationale of randomized trials for targeted therapy directed at high-risk patients with elevated baseline NETs and related inflammatory biomarkers.
Immunological characterization of pleural effusions in pediatric patients
Authors: Flögel Luca , Kaiser Elisabeth , Hans Muriel Charlotte , Goedicke-Fritz Sybelle , Bous Michelle , Abdul-Khaliq Hashim , Poryo Martin , Zemlin Michael , Weber Regine 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe pleural cavity represents a unique immunological compartment that can mount inflammatory reactions during infections, after surgery and in chronic immunological diseases. The connection between systemic immune reactions in the blood and local immune reactions in pleural effusions remains unclear. This study provides the first comprehensive immunological characterization of paired blood and pleural effusion samples, utilizing combined cell and cytokine analyses in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.MethodsIn 30 pediatric patients (median age: 22 months) with pleural effusion after cardiac surgery for congenital heart defects, corresponding peripheral blood and pleural effusion samples were analyzed for their immune response. We used flow cytometry and multiplex immunoassays to quantify 14 T cell subpopulations and 12 T cell associated cytokines in each biosample.ResultsIL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF (p&lt;0.0001) levels were significantly higher in pleural effusion compared to plasma. In contrast, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, IL-17A levels were lower in pleural effusion than in plasma (p ≤ 0.0005). In comparison to peripheral blood, there was a significantly higher proportion of T helper cells 1 (Th1, p=0.0023), T helper cells 17 (Th17, p=0.0334) and memory effector cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+CD45RO+CD62L-, p=0.0449) in pleural effusion and the same trend was observed for memory effector Th cells (CD3+CD4+CD45RO+CD62L-, p=0.0633) and double-negative T cells (CD3+CD4-CD8-) (p=0.1085). Naïve Th cells (CD3+CD4+CD45RO-CD62L+) and naïve cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+CD45RO-CD62L+) were slightly reduced in pleural effusion compared to peripheral blood (not significant).ConclusionImmunological factors in pleural effusions differed significantly from the corresponding blood samples in pediatric patients after cardiac surgery. The results suggest localized production of specific cytokines within the pleural space, while the distribution of other cytokines in pleural effusions appears to be more reflective of the systemic immune response. We found evidence that on the cellular level, the surface marker CD62L may play a key role in navigating T cells between the blood and pleural effusion. This study confirms that the pleural cavity harbors a unique lymphatic compartment, the analysis of which may be useful for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Effect of peripheral blood absolute monocyte count at admission on relapse-free survival in patients with idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in remission
Authors: Yu Xiaomin , Zhong Mingzhu , Wang Chen , Shi Yifen , Xing Chongyun , Yu Kang , Lin Ying , Ou Rongying , Yang Junjun , Zhu Liqing 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPeripheral monocytes have been reported to correlate with clinical outcomes in various types of malignancies. Previous reports have also shown that acute-phase thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) plasma could induce the activation of monocytes. However, the significance of peripheral blood absolute monocyte count (AMC) in idiopathic TTP remains an unanswered question. The primary aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prognostic value of AMC at admission in idiopathic TTP patients in remission.MethodsA total of 37 patients with idiopathic TTP who survived their first episode of the disease and achieved remission following treatment were eligible for inclusion in the study. SPSS and Stata were used to analysis.ResultsThere were 1 patient (2.7%) with low AMC (&lt; 0.12  × 109/L), 27 patients (73.0%) with normal AMC (0.12–0.80 × 109/L), and 9 patients (24.3%) with high AMC (&gt; 0.80 × 109/L) at admission. Ten (27.0%) of 37 patients in our cohort subsequently relapsed (1 in the low AMC group and 9 in the normal AMC group). Survival analysis showed that there was a trend of higher relapse-free survival (RFS) rate in patients having increased A MC (log-rank test, p = 0.026). Univariate analysis revealed that increased AMC at admission was significantly associated with higher RFS (hazard ratio = 0.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.02–0.62, p = 0.011).DiscussionOur results suggest that increased AMC at admission could represent a predictor of higher RFS in TTP patients having survived their first episode of the disease and achieved remission following treatment.
Analyzing gait data measured by wearable cyborg hybrid assistive limb during assisted walking: gait pattern clustering
Authors: Namikawa Yasuko , Kawamoto Hiroaki , Uehara Akira , Sankai Yoshiyuki 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe wearable cyborg Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) is a therapeutic exoskeletal device that provides voluntary gait assistance using kinematic/kinetic gait data and bioelectrical signals. By utilizing the gait data automatically measured by HAL, we are developing a system to analyze the wearer's gait during the intervention, unlike conventional evaluations that compare pre- and post-treatment gait test results. Despite the potential use of the gait data from the HAL's sensor information, there is still a lack of analysis using such gait data and knowledge of gait patterns during HAL use. This study aimed to cluster gait patterns into subgroups based on the gait data that the HAL automatically collected during treatment and to investigate their characteristics.MethodsGait data acquired by HAL, including ground reaction forces, joint angles, trunk angles, and HAL joint torques, were analyzed in individuals with progressive neuromuscular diseases. For each measured item, principal component analysis was applied to the gait time-series data to extract the features of the gait patterns, followed by hierarchical cluster analysis to generate subgroups based on the principal component scores. Bayesian regression analysis was conducted to identify the influence of the wearer's attributes on the clustered gait patterns.ResultsThe gait patterns of 13,710 gait cycles from 457 treatments among 48 individuals were divided into 5–10 clusters for each measured item. The clusters revealed a variety of gait patterns when wearing the HAL and identified the characteristics of multiple sub-group types. Bayesian regression models explained the influence of the wearer's disease type and gait ability on the distribution of gait patterns to subgroups.DiscussionThese results revealed key differences in gait patterns related to the wearer's condition, demonstrating the importance of monitoring HAL-assisted walking to provide appropriate interventions. Furthermore, our approach highlights the usefulness of the gait data that HAL automatically measures during the intervention. We anticipate that the HAL, designed as a therapeutic device, will expand its role as a data measurement device for analysis and evaluation that provides gait data simultaneously with interventions, creating a novel cybernics treatment system that facilitates a multi-faceted understanding of the wearer's gait.
The changes of intestinal flora and metabolites in atopic dermatitis mice
Authors: Wang Feifei , Wang Zuding , Qu Liping 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic disease caused by various factors that can affect an individual’s appearance and cause psychological stress. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the underlying mechanisms and develop effective treatment strategies. The gut microbiota and bacterial metabolism play crucial roles in human diseases. However, their specific role in AD remains unclear.MethodsIn this study, we established a mouse model of AD and found that 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene disrupted the skin barrier in mice. The species composition of intestinal bacteria was then analyzed by fecal 16s rRNA sequencing. The metabolic level of mice was analyzed by untargeted and targeted metabolomics in stool.ResultsThe levels of filaggrin and aquaporin 3 proteins in the model mice and total superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde levels were significantly altered. Additionally, inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha showed a significant increase. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we identified 270 bacterial species with altered abundances of Ruminococcaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae. The untargeted metabolomic analysis detected 1,299 metabolites. Targeted analysis of free fatty acids revealed 49 metabolites with notable increases in linoleic and linolenic acid levels. Fecal bacterial transplantation experiments have demonstrated that oxidative stress, inflammation, and skin barrier damage were alleviated after transplantation.DiscussionThese findings suggested that the metabolite linoleic acid negatively correlated with Ruminococcaceae and Bifidobacteriaceae may influence AD development. Perturbations in the intestinal bacteria and flora contributed to the development of AD, and the mouse model could serve as a valuable tool for further investigation of therapeutic approaches for managing ADS.
Electromyography findings in L5 radiculopathy are not associated with fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Seliverstova Ekaterina , Sinkin Mikhail , Grin Andrey 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIncreased fatty infiltration of the paraspinal muscles (PM) has been recognized as a sign of decreased muscle quality in patients with degenerative disc disease. However, whether fatty infiltration is a consequence of a neurogenic process due to spinal nerve root compression has not yet been determined.ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between fatty infiltration of the paraspinal muscles (PM) and neurogenic remodeling of motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) in patients with lumbar radiculopathy.Materials and methods58 adult patients (32 women) with L5 radiculopathy caused by an L4-L5 herniated disc were examined. We compared the neurological status, EMG data of the PM at the L5 level on the affected side and the L4 level on the opposite side of the spine, and the severity of fatty infiltration of the PM assessed on axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.ResultsWe did not find any correlation between the degree of fatty infiltration and neurogenic remodeling of MUAPs in the PM.ConclusionThe lack of correlation between the degree of fatty infiltration and the presence of neurogenic remodeling of MUAPs in the PM suggests that fatty infiltration and neuropathic changes in muscles may be considered as separate processes requiring further research.
Research hotspots and trends in diabetes and insulin resistance: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Shaobo , Yan Huixin , Cao Di , Sun Weichen , Li Jingnan , Xu Jing , Song Bailin , Wu Xingquan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundMany previous studies explored the relationship between diabetes and insulin resistance (IR); however, addressing the research gap where no bibliometric analysis had been conducted to summarize and analyze these publications, we will undertake a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to investigate the current status and emerging trends in publications examining the association between diabetes and IR.MethodsWe retrieved publications related to the interaction between diabetes and IR from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). By utilizing software such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Excel 2019, we analyzed and extracted relevant information from the literature to identify and delineate the research hotspots and directions in the study of diabetes and IR.ResultsFrom 1900 to 2024, a total of 2,698 publications were included in the bibliometric analysis, showing a steady annual increase in the number of publications. The USA led in this research field, with the Harvard University being a key research institution. The author Olefsky JM, published the most papers;Defronzo RA was the most cited author. DIABETES was the journal with the highest number of published papers and was also the most cited journal. The main discipline in the field of diabetes and IR research was Endocrinology and Metabolism. The most cited article was “Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (2006)”;“The IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2017 and projections for 2045(2018)” was the most cited reference. “insulin resistance” was the most frequently occurring keyword. The main research hotspots and frontier areas in diabetes and IR research were as follows: (1) The association between IR, diabetes, and obesity was a popular research topic; (2) Cardiovascular diseases secondary to diabetes and IR were another hot topic among researchers; (3) As a core pathological change in diabetes, IR was a major therapeutic target for improving diabetes.ConclusionThis study summarized the research trends and hotspots in the field of diabetes and IR, provided valuable information and insights for scholars who focused on diabetes and IR scientific research, and offered a reference for future research directions.