bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No date for the PROM: the association between patient-reported health events and clinical coding in primary care
Authors: Barr Paul J. , Berry Scott A. , Gozansky Wendolyn S. , McQuillan Deanna B. , Ross Colleen , Carmichael Don , Austin Andrea M. , Satterlund Travis D. , Schifferdecker Karen E. , Council Lora , Dannenberg Michelle D. , Wampler Ariel T. , Nelson Eugene C. , Skinner Jonathan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective
It is unclear whether data from patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are captured and used by clinicians despite policy initiatives. We examined the extent to which fall risk and urinary incontinence (UI) reported on PROMS and provided to clinicians prior to a patient visit are subsequently captured in the electronic medical record (EMR). Additionally, we aimed to determine whether the use of PROMs and EMR documentation is higher for visits where PROM data was provided to clinicians.

Design
We conducted a cross-sectional patient-reported risk assessment survey and semi-structured interviews with clinicians to identify themes related to the use of PROMs.

Setting
Fourteen primary care clinics in the US (eight intervention and six control clinics), between October 2013 and May 2015.

Participants
Primary care clinicians and older adult (≥66 years) patients completing a 46-item health risk assessment, including PROMs for fall risk and UI.

Intervention
Risk assessment results provided to the clinician or nurse practitioners prior to the clinic visit in intervention clinics; data was not provided in control clinics.

Main outcome
1) Agreement between ICD-9 codes of fall risk or UI in the EMR and patient-reports, and 2) clinician experience of PROMs use and impact on coding.

Results
A total of 505 older adult patients were included in the study, 176 at control clinics and 329 at intervention clinics. While patient reports of fall risk and UI were readily captured by PROMs, this information was only coded in the EMR between 3% – 14% of the time (poor Kappa agreement). Intervention clinics performed slightly better than control clinics. Clinician interviews (n = 16) revealed low use of PROMs data with multiple barriers cited including poor access to data, high quantity of data, interruption to workflow, and a lack of training on PROMs.

Conclusions
Current strategies of providing PROMs data prior to clinic visits may not be an effective way of communicating important health information to busy clinicians; ultimately resulting in underuse. Better systems of presenting PROMs data, and clinician training on the importance of PROMs and their use, is needed.
Experiences of evidence presentation in court: an insight into the practice of crime scene examiners in England, Wales and Australia
Authors: Sheppard K. , Fieldhouse S. J. , Cassella J. P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The ability to present complex forensic evidence in a courtroom in a manner that is fully comprehensible to all stakeholders remains problematic. Individual subjective interpretations may impede a collective and correct understanding of the complex environments and the evidence therein presented to them. This is not fully facilitated or assisted in any way with current non-technological evidence presentation methods such as poor resolution black and white photocopies or unidimensional photographs of complex 3D environments. Given the wide availability of relatively cheap technology, such as tablets, smartphones and laptops, there is evidence to suggest that individuals are already used to receiving visually complex information in relatively short periods of time such as is available in a court hearing. courtrooms could learn from this more generic widespread use of technology and have demonstrated their ability to do so in part by their adoption of the use of tablets for Magistrates. The aim of this current study was to identify the types of digital technology being used in courts and to obtain data from police personnel presenting digital evidence in court.

Results
A questionnaire study was conducted in this research to explore current technology used within courtrooms from the perspective of crime scene personnel involved in the presentation of complex crime scene evidence. The study demonstrated that whilst many of the participants currently utilize high-end technological solutions to document their crime scenes, such as 360° photography or laser scanning technologies, their ability to present such evidence was hindered or prevented. This was most likely due to either a lack of existing technology installed in the court, or due to a lack of interoperability between new and existing technology.

Conclusion
This study has contributed to this academic field by publishing real life experiences of crime scene examiner’s, who have used advanced technology to record and evaluate crime scenes but are limited in their scope for sharing this information with the court due to technological insufficiency. Contemporary recording techniques have provided the opportunity for further review of crime scenes, which is considered to be a valuable property over previous documentation practice, which relied upon the competency of the investigator to comprehensively capture the scene, often in a single opportunity.
Effects of chitosan and emamectin benzoate on the reproductive system of Eobania vermiculata (Muller) land snails
Authors: Kandil M. A. , Eweis E. A. , Mobarak Soha A. , Nada Abbas M. T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe reproductive system of snails represents essential organ that affects snail population size. Therefore, the present research was directed to evaluate the effect of two biopesticides chitosan (Ch) and emamectin benzoate (EMB) LC50on the reproductive system ofEobania vermiculata(Muller). Land snails were treated using thin-film layer technique. Snails were dissected and organs of reproductive system were weighted and examined for any pathological changes at 24, 48 and 72 h post treatment. Moreover, steroidal hormones were determined after 72 h of treatment with either chitosan or emamectin benzoate in comparison to untreated snails. Results revealed that the penis and dart sac increased in size, while ovotestis was decreased at the 3 different periods than the same organs of untreated snails. In addition, there was swelling in the size of some organs, i.e penis and vagina. While there was stunting in the albumen gland at 72 h of treatment with Ch or EMB. However, histological examination showed damage of the ovotestis and atrophy of induced cells in the dart sac and penis. The incidents of both compounds on the level of steroidal hormones gave fluctuating results, either increasingly or decreasingly. In conclusion, data emphasize that both tested compounds caused reduction in the numerical density of theE. vermiculatareproductive system and consequently decreased their fertility, as well as reduction in its population.
The diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiating benign from malignant hepatic lesions
Authors: Javadrashid Reza , Shakeri Bavil Olyaei Abolhassan , Tarzamni Mohammad Kazem , Razzaghi Roghayeh , Jalili Javad , Hashemzadeh Shahryar , Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari Mohammad , Kiani Nazarlou Ali , Zarrintan Armin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a novel imaging technique with growing application in onco-imaging. This modality evaluates the diffusion of water molecules in various tissues, which is restricted in hyper cellular regions such as malignant tissue. Apparent diffusion co-efficient (ADC) is a method which can quantify the degree of restriction in tissues and can have diagnostic roles in characterization of hepatic lesions. In this study, 93 patients with proven hepatic lesions were included. These patients had undergone initial evaluation via ultrasonography and dynamic CT scan, and had a definite diagnosis confirmed by biopsy. These patients underwent DW imaging and ADC values of their lesions were calculated. Patients were divided into two groups, benign and malignant groups, based on their biopsy results; and ADC values of hepatic lesions were compared in the two groups.

Results
The two groups were gender matched. There was a significant difference in the age distribution between the two groups. Mean ADC values for benign and malignant hepatic lesions were 1.58 ± 0.35 (10-3 mm2/s) and 0.87 ± 0.16 (10-3 mm2/s), respectively. There was a statistically significant differences between benign and malignant hepatic lesions (p value < 10-3). DW imaging had a sensitivity of 97.6% and specificity of 98.7% in detecting malignant hepatic lesions from benign ones (p = 0.0001, AUC = 0.99).

Conclusion
DW MRI imaging can differentiate malignant and benign liver lesions with high sensitivity and specificity using ADC values generated; furthermore, each subgroup of hepatic lesions could be determined based on ADC values.
Information Metamaterials: bridging the physical world and digital world
Authors: Ma Qian , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOver the past 5 years, digital coding and programmable metamaterials have been developed rapidly since their first exhibition in 2014. The iconic feature of the digital coding metamaterial is using digital codes like “0” and “1” to represent the distinct electromagnetic (EM) responses. This seemingly trivial progress has successfully reform the design theory from the effective medium to coding patterns, bridging the physical world and digital information world. More interestingly, beyond the simple coding on the parameters or patterns, the digital coding metamaterials are more intend to introduce the concept of direct interactions and operations of digital information within EM fields, to realize information processing, transmission or recognition. To accurately exhibit the informational specialties, we classify the coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials, as well as other information-operating metamaterials, as information metamaterials. In this review article, we firstly introduce the digital coding concept, working mechanism, and related design methods. Then, three important theories including the scattering pattern calculation, convolution operation, and entropy of digital coding metamaterials, are discussed in details. Finally we introduce several system-level works based on the information metamaterials, such as the new-architecture wireless communication systems and reprogrammable imaging systems, to show the powerful manipulation capabilities of information metamaterials. As the next generation of information metamaterials, two proof-of-concept smart metamaterials and their advanced architectures are discussed. In the summary, the development track of information metamaterials and future trends are presented.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Activates the NOTCH1 Signaling Pathway Through E-Proteins in Endometriotic Lesions
Authors: Song Yong , Su Ren-Wei , Joshi Niraj R , Kim Tae Hoon , Lessey Bruce A , Jeong Jae-Wook , Fazleabas Asgerally T 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Context
NOTCH signaling is activated in endometriotic lesions, but the exact mechanisms remains unclear. IL-6, which is increased in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis, induces NOTCH1 through E-proteins including E2A and HEB in cancer.

Objective
To study the role of E-proteins in inducing NOTCH1 expression under the regulation of IL-6 in endometriosis.

Setting and Design
The expression of E-proteins and NOTCH1 was first investigated in endometrium of women with endometriosis and the baboon model of endometriosis. Regulation of E-proteins and NOTCH1 expression was examined after IL-6 stimulation and siRNA mediated inhibition of E2A or/and HEB in human endometriotic epithelial cells (12Z) in vitro, and subsequently following IL-6 treatment in the mouse model of endometriosis in vivo.

Results
E2A, HEB, and NOTCH1 were significantly upregulated in glandular epithelium (GE) of ectopic endometrium compared to eutopic endometrium in both women and the baboon model. IL-6 treatment upregulated the expression of NOTCH1 together with E2A and HEB in 12Z cells. Small interfering RNA inhibition of E2A and HEB or HEB alone decreased NOTCH1 expression. Binding efficiency of both E2A and HEB was significantly higher at the binding sites on the human NOTCH1 promoter after IL-6 treatment. Finally, IL-6 treatment resulted in a significantly increased number of endometriotic lesions along with increased expression of E2A, HEB, and NOTCH1 in GE of the lesions compared with the vehicle group in an endometriosis mouse model.

Conclusions
IL-6 induced NOTCH1 expression is mediated by E-proteins in the ectopic GE cells, which may promote endometriotic lesion development.
Resting Energy Expenditure in Obese Women with Primary Hypothyroidism and Appropriate Levothyroxine Replacement Therapy
Authors: Muraca Emanuele , Ciardullo Stefano , Oltolini Alice , Zerbini Francesca , Bianconi Eleonora , Perra Silvia , Villa Matteo , Cannistraci Rosa , Castoldi Giovanna , Pizzi Pietro , Manzoni Giuseppina , Lattuada Guido , Perseghin Gianluca 
Published: March 2020

AbstractContextGrowing evidence suggests that appropriate levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy may not correct the full set of metabolic defects afflicting individuals with hypothyroidism.ObjectiveTo assess whether obese subjects with primary hypothyroidism are characterized by alterations of the resting energy expenditure (REE).DesignRetrospective analysis of a set of data about obese women attending the outpatients service of a single obesity center from January 2013 to July 2019.PatientsA total of 649 nondiabetic women with body mass index (BMI) &gt; 30 kg/m2 and thyrotropin (TSH) level 0.4–4.0 mU/L were segregated into 2 groups: patients with primary hypothyroidism taking LT4 therapy (n = 85) and patients with normal thyroid function (n = 564).Main outcomesREE and body composition assessed using indirect calorimetry and bioimpedance.ResultsREE was reduced in women with hypothyroidism in LT4 therapy when compared with controls (28.59 ± 3.26 vs 29.91 ± 3.59 kcal/kg fat-free mass (FFM)/day), including when adjusted for age, BMI, body composition, and level of physical activity (P = 0.008). This metabolic difference was attenuated only when adjustment for homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was performed.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that obese hypothyroid women in LT4 therapy, with normal serum TSH level compared with euthyroid controls, are characterized by reduced REE, in line with the hypothesis that standard LT4 replacement therapy may not fully correct metabolic alterations related to hypothyroidism. We are not able to exclude that this feature may be influenced by the modulation of insulin sensitivity at the liver site, induced by LT4 oral administration.
Hormonal Profiles of Menstrual Bleeding Patterns During the Luteal-Follicular Transition
Authors: Jacobson Melanie H , Howards Penelope P , Kesner James S , Meadows Juliana W , Dominguez Celia E , Spencer Jessica B , Darrow Lyndsey A , Terrell Metrecia L , Marcus Michele 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Context
Menstrual cycle function is determined by a complex endocrine axis that controls the ovaries and endometrium. While the late luteal phase is characterized by declining progesterone and estrogen, how these hormonal profiles relate to menstrual bleeding patterns is not well understood.

Objective
Characterize associations between luteal phase hormonal profiles and subsequent menstrual bleeding patterns, specifically spotting before bleeding.

Design, Setting, and Participants
We examined creatinine-adjusted urinary estrone 3-glucuronide (E13G) and pregnanediol 3-glucuronide (Pd3G) levels in relation to spotting in 116 premenopausal women (ages 20–47) who kept daily menstrual diaries and collected first morning urine samples for ≥ 2 consecutive cycles or 1 luteal-follicular transition (n = 283 transitions). We used linear mixed models to estimate associations between luteal phase hormone levels and spotting before bleeding.

Main Outcome Measure(s) and Results
Transitions with ≥ 1 days of spotting before menstrual bleeding (n = 118) had greater luteal phase Pd3G levels vs nonspotting transitions (n = 165). Differences in Pd3G between spotting and nonspotting transitions were largest at menses onset (34.8%, 95% confidence interval, 18.9%, 52.7%). Pd3G levels for spotting transitions dropped to similar levels as nonspotting transitions an average of 1 day later, which aligned with the first day of bleeding for transitions with contiguous spotting. Spotting transitions were preceded by slower rates of Pd3G decline than nonspotting transitions, whereas E13G declines were similar.

Conclusions
Self-reported bleeding patterns may provide insight into luteal phase Pd3G levels. First bleed appears to be the best choice for defining the end of the luteal phase and achieving hormonal consistency across transitions.
Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to decrease diabetic neuropathic pain
Authors: Ahmed Gehan Mousa , Maher Eman Ahmed , Elnassag Bassam Abd Elmaged Mohamed Refaat , Sayed Hayam Mahmoud , Kabbash Sara Ibrahim 
Published: March 2020

Background/Aims Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation have been studied repeatedly to reduce diabetic neuropathic pain. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic training plus one of the treatment therapies on decreasing pain severity in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods A total of 30 patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were randomly assigned into two equal groups: group A and group B. Both groups received aerobic training exercises. Group A received repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and Group B received transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for 5 consecutive days in 1 week. Outcome measures included pain severity assessment using the Visual Analogue Scale and the serum β-endorphin levels. Results There was a non-significant difference in pre-treatment (P=0.061) and post-treatment (P=0.652) in the Visual Analogue Scale scores between groups. However, β-endorphin levels were significantly different between groups in post- (P=0.015) rather than pre-treatment (P=0.459) levels. A significant moderate correlation between β-endorphin levels and Visual Analogue Scale scores was found in group A (r=−0.6783) at (P=0.008), while it was not significant in group B (r=0.043) at (P=0.883). Conclusions Adding transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapies to aerobic training showed similar effects in reducing pain severity in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Total hip arthroplasty in sickle cell disease: a systematic review
Authors: Kenanidis Eustathios , Kapriniotis Konstantinos , Anagnostis Panagiotis , Potoupnis Michael , Christofilopoulos Panayiotis , Tsiridis Eleftherios 
Published: March 2020

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients can be a challenging procedure. This systematic review evaluated the revision rate, functional outcomes and complications of THA in sicklers. A systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, using four search engines from inception to May 2019. Fifteen studies with 971 THAs were included. There were 437 cemented and 520 uncemented THAs. There were 164 revision THAs (16.8%); 52 uncemented and 105 cemented THAs. Forty-two infections were recorded; 16 infections for cemented and 23 for uncemented THAs. Fifty-seven cups, 26 stems, eight cup/stem with aseptic loosening that were more frequently cemented were reported. The 28 unspecified aseptic loosening cases were more frequently uncemented THAs. All studies demonstrated the functional improvement of patients. There were 109 medical complications (14.3%). Sickle cell crises (SCC) and transfusion reactions were most usually recorded. Forty-six intraoperative complications (4.7%) were reported; 18 femoral fractures, four acetabular and 18 femoral perforations. Seventeen femoral fractures occurred during uncemented THA. THA in SCD is still related to a high risk of complications. The outcomes in properly selected sicklers have been improved. Perioperative adequate hydration, warming, oxygen supply and transfusion protocols are mandated to prevent SCC and transfusion reactions. The surgeon must be prepared to deal with a high rate of intraoperative fractures and have different implant options readily available. No definite conclusion can be made regarding the best fixation mode. Cemented implants demonstrated a higher revision rate and uncemented implants a higher risk for intraoperative complications.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:180-188. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190038
Optical design of the visible telescope for the SVOM mission
Authors: Fan Xuewu , Zou Gangyi , Qiu Yulei , Pang Zhihai , Zhao Hui , Chen Qinfang , Pan Yue , Yuan Hao 
Published: March 2020

This paper describes the optical design of the visible telescope (VT), which is the primary payload for the Chinese-French Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Objects Monitor (SVOM) mission, for the detection and observation of high-redshift gamma-ray bursts. The VT aims at reaching a limiting magnitude of

+

22

.

5

M
v

with the exposure time of 300 s in the 630 km Sun-synchronous orbit with an inclination of 30°. The VT, also known as the fine guidance sensor for the SVOM, aims to measure the relative performance error (RPE) of the platform during the tracking and provide the RPE to the platform to correct its stability. The optical design is presented in this paper. The mirror manufacture and test results are presented. The optical system performance, tolerance budget, thermal analysis, and stray light design of VT are fully analyzed. Finally, the diffraction encircled energy and point source transmittance are tested in the lab for the finished telescope.
Lidar measurements of the diffuse attenuation coefficient in Yellowstone Lake
Authors: Roddewig Michael R. , Churnside James H. , Shaw Joseph A. 
Published: March 2020

Airborne lidar study of lake ecosystems is still a relatively unexplored field. In this paper we present measurements of the diffuse attenuation coefficient of downwelling irradiance (

K
d

) obtained using a 532 nm airborne lidar in flights during 2004 and 2016 over Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. We compare the lidar measurements with MODIS

K
d

data, discuss the impact that local weather and river inflows/outflows may have had on the data, compare to previous models of the diffuse attenuation coefficient, and examine several published relationships converting

K
d

to Secchi disk depth.
MIKROBA PENCEMAR DI PERAIRAN TELUK JAKARTA
Authors: Afianti Nur Fitriah , Sutiknowati Lies Indah 
Published: March 2020

MICROBE CONTAMINANT IN JAKARTA BAY WATERS. High anthropogenic activity in Jakarta Bay is believed to contribute a fairly high contamination as evidenced by microbial contaminants such as Coliform and Escherichia coli. The high density of Coliform and E. coli as indicators of domestic contamination in Jakarta Bay as a result of an increase in the resident numbers who bring the flow of water to the springhead of the Jakarta Bay. It can be said that the polluted waters of Jakarta Bay and marine biota should be cultivated in this area as green shell should not consumed, because it can infect and cause gastrointestinal diseases. For that purpose, a research of microbial pollutants was conducted in Jakarta Bay in July 2015, and the results showed a very high density, especially in the West.