bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the 3‐minute chair rise test as part of preoperative evaluation for patients with non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Azzi Mathilde , Debeaumont David , Bonnevie Tristan , Aguilaniu Bernard , Cerasuolo Damiano , Boujibar Fairuz , Cuvelier Antoine , Gravier Francis‐Edouard 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundPeak oxygen uptake () measured by a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) is the gold‐standard for predicting surgical risk in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The 3‐minute chair rise test (3CRT) is a simple test requiring minimal resources. This study aimed to determine the ability of 3CRT to predict in patients with NSCLC.MethodsRetrospective data from CPX and 3CRT carried out in 36 patients with NSCLC between March 2018 and February 2019 were included. A multivariate analysis was undertaken to derive a predictive equation based on performance on the 3CRT. In addition, sensitivity‐specificity analysis was carried out to estimate a threshold 3CRT value for the prediction of  ≥ 15 mL/kg/minute.ResultsThe following equation was obtained: predicted = (0.04765 × FEV1) ‐ (0.207 59 × BMI) ‐ (0.115 89 × age) + (0.386 09 × vertical distance) + 16.628 69; r2 = 0.75, P < 0.01. The bias between the values predicted and measured during CPX was 0.0 ± 1.7 mL/kg/minute (95% limits of agreement [−3.5 to 3.5]). A performance ≥49 chair rises predicted  ≥ 15 mL/kg/minute with a sensitivity of 0.75 and a specificity of 0.81.ConclusionsThe level of error in the prediction of from 3CRT performance was too great to recommend that 3CRT should replace CPX as the sole measurement of . Nevertheless, the 3CRT could help to identify those patients that require CPX prior to lung resection surgery for NSCLC, larger prospective study is needed to confirm this hypothesis.Key pointsSignificant findings of the studyCardiopulmonary exercise tests can stratify the surgical risk. Prediction of the peak oxygen uptake () value from the 3CRT yields an unacceptable level of error. However, a performance of 49 chair rises or more during the 3CRT could indicate a ≥ 15 mL / kg / minute.What this study addsThe 3CRT is a useful screening tool to determine the necessity for a comprehensive cardiopulmonary exercise test, whose access is limited in clinical practice. It could also allow early screening of patients requiring specific prehabilitation programs.
Adolescent chronic intermittent toluene inhalation dynamically regulates the transcriptome and neuronal methylome within the rat medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Dick Alec L.W. , Zhao Qiongyi , Crossin Rose , Baker‐Andresen Danay , Li Xiang , Edson Janette , Roeh Simone , Marshall Victoria , Bredy Timothy W. , Lawrence Andrew J. , Duncan Jhodie R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInhalants containing the volatile solvent toluene are misused to induce euphoria or intoxication. Inhalant abuse is most common during adolescence and can result in cognitive impairments during an important maturational period. Despite evidence suggesting that epigenetic modifications may underpin the cognitive effects of inhalants, no studies to date have thoroughly investigated toluene‐induced regulation of the transcriptome or discrete epigenetic modifications within the brain. To address this, we investigated effects of adolescent chronic intermittent toluene (CIT) inhalation on gene expression and DNA methylation profiles within the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which undergoes maturation throughout adolescence and has been implicated in toluene‐induced cognitive deficits. Employing both RNA‐seq and genome‐wide Methyl CpG Binding Domain (MBD) Ultra‐seq analysis, we demonstrate that adolescent CIT inhalation (10 000 ppm for 1 h/day, 3 days/week for 4 weeks) induces both transient and persistent changes to the transcriptome and DNA methylome within the rat mPFC for at least 2 weeks following toluene exposure. We demonstrate for the first time that adolescent CIT exposure results in dynamic regulation of the mPFC transcriptome likely relating to acute inflammatory responses and persistent deficits in synaptic plasticity. These adaptations may contribute to the cognitive deficits associated with chronic toluene exposure and provide novel molecular targets for preventing long‐term neurophysiological abnormalities following chronic toluene inhalation.
Perforation of the maxillary sinus floor during apical surgery of maxillary molars: A retrospective analysis using cone beam computed tomography
Authors: von Arx Thomas , Käch Simon , Suter Valerie G. A. , Bornstein Michael M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis retrospective analysis assessed a possible correlation of perforation of the maxillary sinus floor during apical surgery of maxillary molars and the distances from the treated apices/periapical radiolucencies to the sinus floor. The material included 168 apical surgeries of maxillary first or second molars performed from 1999 to 2016. In 22 (out of 33) perforation cases, a preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was available. These cases were defined as the test group. From the pool of operated cases without sinus floor perforation, matching cases – that is, same treated tooth, similar age and same gender – were selected as a control group (N = 26). Mean linear distances from root apices or radiolucencies to sinus floor were significantly shorter in the test group compared to the control group. In conclusion, perforation cases were significantly closer to the sinus floor than cases without perforation.
Hydroxychloroquine treatment for Alopecia Universalis: Report of six cases
Authors: Akdogan Neslihan , Ersoy‐Evans Sibel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecent reports indicate that hydroxychloroquine is a potential new treatment option for alopecia universalis; thus, we aimed to report on the safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in 6 patients with refractory alopecia universalis that were treated with 400 mg/d continuously for ≥6 months. The treatment outcome was retrospectively evaluated using the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT), and at the end of 6 months, patients with a ≥50% decrease in the SALT score were considered as strong responders, a 5%‐50% decrease as intermediate responders and a <5% decrease as non‐responders. The present findings indicate that hydroxychloroquine is not an effective treatment since in 5 of the 6 patients it was discontinued at the end of 6 months due to lack of hair regrowth, whereas only a 6‐year‐old boy responded with a SALT score change of 8% after the 12th month.
Using different definitions affected the reported prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairment in children born very preterm
Authors: Setänen Sirkku , Fredriksson Kaul Ylva , Johansson Martin , Montgomery Cecilia , Naseh Nima , Holmström Gerd , Strand‐Brodd Katarina , Hellström‐Westas Lena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimWe investigated the impact of varying definitions on the prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in children born very preterm at 6.5 years of age.MethodsCognitive development and neurosensory impairments were assessed in 91 children (40/51 girls/boys) born <32 gestational weeks, in 2004‐2007 in Uppsala county, Sweden. The results were compared with data from a reference group of 67 children born full term. The prevalence of NDI in the present cohort was reported according to definitions used by seven contemporary studies of children born very or extremely preterm.ResultsThe prevalence of severe NDI varied from 2% to 23% depending on the definition used. The prevalence of cognitive impairment varied from 2% (−3 SD according to test norms) to 16% (−2 SD according to control group), the prevalence of cerebral palsy from 0% (severe) to 9% (any) and the prevalence of severe visual impairment from 0% (blindness) to 1% (visual acuity < 0.3). There were no children with severe hearing impairment.ConclusionA high variability in definitions affects the reporting of the prevalence of NDI in long‐term follow‐up studies of very or extremely preterm born children. There is a need for a better consensus to enable comparisons across studies.
The Cancer of the Bladder Risk Assessment (COBRA) score for estimating cancer‐specific survival after radical cystectomy: external validation in a large bi‐institutional cohort
Authors: Muilwijk Tim , Akand Murat , Soria Francesco , Giordano Andrea , Milenkovic Uros , Moris Lisa , Gevaert Thomas , Van Poppel Hendrik , Albersen Maarten , Gontero Paolo , Joniau Steven 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo perform an external validation of the Cancer of the Bladder Risk Assessment (COBRA) score for estimating cancer‐specific survival (CSS) after radical cystectomy (RC) in a large bi‐institutional cohort of patients.Patients and MethodsPatients treated with RC and lymph node dissection (LND) between May 1996 and July 2017 were retrieved from the RC databases of Leuven and Turin. Collected variables were age at RC, tumour stage, lymph node (LN) density, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the extent of LND, and nodal stage. The primary outcome was CSS visualised using Kaplan–Meier plots. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the impact of variables on CSS. We performed a pairwise comparison between the COBRA score levels using a log‐rank test corrected by Bonferroni, and developed a simplified COBRA score with three risk categories. To compare models, we assessed concordance indices (C‐indices), receiver operating characteristic curves with area under the curve (AUC), calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Finally, we compared both COBRA and simplified COBRA models with the established American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) model.ResultsA total of 812 patients were included. All COBRA score variables had a significant impact on CSS in a Cox proportional hazard model. However, pairwise comparison of the COBRA subscores could not differentiate significantly between all COBRA score levels. Based on these findings, we developed a simplified COBRA score by introducing three categories within the following COBRA score ranges: low‐ (0–1) vs intermediate‐ (2–4) vs high‐risk (5–7). A pairwise comparison could discriminate significantly between all COBRA risk categories. When finally comparing COBRA and simplified COBRA models with the AJCC model, AJCC performed better than both. C‐indices, AUCs, calibration plots and DCA for AJCC were all better compared with the original and simplified COBRA models.ConclusionWe performed an external validation of the COBRA score in a large bi‐institutional cohort. We observed that several risk groups had overlapping CSS, demonstrating suboptimal performance of the COBRA score. Therefore, we constructed a simplified model with three COBRA score risk categories. This model resulted in demarcated risk groups with non‐overlapping CSS and good predictive accuracy. However, both COBRA score models were outperformed by the AJCC staging system. Therefore, we conclude that the AJCC staging system should remain the current standard for stratifying patients after RC for CSS.
A hybrid ensemble‐based technique for predicting drug–target interactions
Authors: Sachdev Kanica , Gupta Manoj Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDrug–target interaction is the intercommunication between chemical drugs and target proteins to produce any kind of change in the human body. The laboratory experiments conducted to recognize these potential intercommunications are costly and tedious. Various computational methods have been established recently, including the chemogenomic approach for identifying drug–target intercommunication, that integrates the chemical data of the drugs and the genomic properties of the proteins for identifying the interactions between them. This paper proposes a novel technique based on hybrid ensemble to predict drug target interactions. Hybrid ensembles introduce diversity in classification that helps to improve the performance of prediction. The proposed method has been evaluated by comparing the technique with state–of‐the‐art methods on two different databases under three cross‐validation settings. The comparison clearly shows that the technique produced significant improvement in the interaction prediction.
Obesity, menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovary syndrome in young women with type 1 diabetes: A population‐based study
Authors: Thong Eleanor P. , Milat Frances , Joham Anju E. , Mishra Gita D. , Teede Helena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundType 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with reproductive dysfunction, particularly in the setting of poor metabolic control. Improvements in contemporary management ameliorate these problems, albeit at the cost of increased exogenous insulin and rising obesity, with emerging reproductive implications.ObjectiveTo evaluate changes in body mass index (BMI) and the relationship between obesity, menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in young women with T1D, compared with controls.MethodsLongitudinal observational study using data from the Australian Longitudinal Study in Women's Health of the cohort born in 1989‐95, from 2013 to 2015. Three questionnaires administered at baseline and yearly intervals were used to evaluate self‐reported menstrual irregularity, PCOS and BMI.ResultsOverall, 15 926 women were included at baseline (T1D, n = 115; controls, n = 15 811). 61 women with T1D and 8332 controls remained at Year 2. Median BMI was higher in women with type 1 diabetes (25.5 vs 22.9 kg/m2, P < .001), where over half were overweight or obese (54.4% vs 32.9%, P < .001). Median BMI increased by 1.11 and 0.45 kg/m2, in the T1D and control groups, respectively. T1D was independently associated with an increased risk of menstrual irregularity (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02‐1.46) and PCOS (RR 2.41, 95% CI 1.70‐3.42). Obesity conferred a 4‐fold increased risk of PCOS, compared to those with normal BMI (RR 3.93, 95% CI 3.51‐4.42).ConclusionsObesity is prevalent amongst women with T1D and may be a key contributor to the higher risk of menstrual irregularity and PCOS in this cohort, representing an important opportunity for prevention and intervention.
Patch testing with purified and oxidized citronellol
Authors: Hagvall Lina , Rudbäck Johanna , Bråred Christensson Johanna , Karlberg Ann‐Therese 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCitronellol is a commonly used fragrance terpene included in fragrance mix II. As with many other fragrance terpenes, citronellol is susceptible to autoxidation. Citronellol hydroperoxides are formed in large amounts and are the only oxidation products identified as sensitizers in oxidized citronellol.AimTo compare frequencies of contact allergy to purified and oxidized citronellol and to investigate the pattern of concomitant reactions to fragrance markers of the baseline series, oxidized linalool, and oxidized limonene.MethodsA total of 658 dermatitis patients were patch tested with purified and oxidized citronellol at 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0%, and 1.0%, 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0% petrolatum, respectively. The irritant properties of purified and oxidized citronellol were studied before patch testing.ResultsFew irritant reactions were observed in the pretest. Purified citronellol detected positive reactions in 0.15%–0.31% of patients, while oxidized citronellol detected positive reactions in 0.61%–4.5%. Among patients reacting to oxidized citronellol, 34%–50% showed concomitant reactions to fragrance markers of the baseline series and 75%–91% to oxidized linalool or oxidized limonene.ConclusionOxidized citronellol detects more cases of contact allergy than purified citronellol, and these cases are not all detected using fragrance mix II. Patch testing with oxidized citronellol will add to the tools in the diagnosis of fragrance allergy.
Anal dysplasia as an incidental finding: the importance of specimen evaluation
Authors: Kavalukas S. L. , Yang F. , Wexner S. D. , Nogueras J. J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThe incidence of anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has increased dramatically in the USA. The squamous intraepithelial lesion has been identified as a precursor lesion to SCC, stratifying the abnormality into low grade or high grade. There have been studies on the prevalence of incidentally found SCC in haemorrhoidectomy specimens, but there are no studies to date on the incidence of dysplasia. The purpose of this study was to establish a baseline incidence of dysplasia that provides helpful information for future epidemiological studies.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of patients who underwent haemorrhoidectomy from 2005 to 2019. Pathology regarding the type of dysplasia, medications, and diagnoses that may predispose to immunosuppression were collected.ResultsIn all, 810 patients with a mean age of 51.7 (range 20–91) years underwent haemorrhoidectomy. Eighteen (2.2%) of the patients had abnormal pathology (low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 3; high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 12; SCC, 2; adenocarcinoma, 1). Thirty‐seven (4.5%) of the entire cohort had some risk factors for immunosuppression: chronic steroid use (nine), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (13), biologic medications (six), transplant recipients (two) and immunocompromising diseases (four). Only 4/18 patients had an immunosuppression risk in that all four of these patients were HIV‐positive. Surveillance following excision was undertaken for an average of 6 (range 1–12) months, during which time four patients underwent a repeat biopsy.DiscussionAnal dysplasia found in an otherwise asymptomatic population has a prevalence of 2.2%. This finding supports the routine examination of benign anorectal specimens undergoing microscopic examination. Interestingly, the majority of the patients identified had no immunosuppressant risk factors.
The visual array task: A novel gaze‐based measure of object label and category knowledge
Authors: Hauschild Kathryn M. , Pomales‐Ramos Anamiguel , Strauss Mark S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVisual attention measures of receptive vocabulary place minimal task demand on participants and produce a more accurate measure of language comprehension than parent report measures. However, current gaze‐based measures employ visual comparisons limited to two simultaneous items. With this limitation, the degree of similarity of the target to the distractor can have a significant impact on the interpretation of task performance. The current study evaluates a novel gaze‐based paradigm that includes an eight‐item array. This visual array task (VAT) combines the theoretical frameworks of the Intermodal Preferential Looking Paradigm (IPLP) and looking‐while‐listening (LWL) methods of language comprehension measurement but using a larger array of simultaneously presented items. The use of a larger array of items and the inclusion of a superordinate category contrast may provide a more sensitive measure of receptive vocabulary as well as an understanding of the extent to which early word comprehension reflects knowledge of broader categories. Results indicated that the tested VAT was a sensitive measure of both object label and category knowledge. This paradigm provides researchers with a flexible and efficient task to measure language comprehension and category knowledge while reducing behavioral demands placed on participants.
Symptomatic cervical spinal stenosis in spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Hung Chun Wai , Matsumoto Hiroko , Ball Jacob R , Plachta Stephen , Dutkowsky Joseph P , Kim Heakyung , Hyman Joshua E , Riew K Daniel , Roye David P 
Published: July 2020

AimTo describe the prevalence of symptomatic cervical spinal stenosis (CSS) in spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and associated characteristics.MethodThis cross‐sectional study of adults (>18y) with CP (2006–2016) at a single institution compared the patient characteristics (demographics, comorbidities, surgical history, medications, Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] level, and CP type) of patients with and without CSS.ResultsOf 424 patients (mean age 33y 4mo, SD 13y 6mo, range 18–78y; 225 females, 199 males), 32 patients (7.5%) had symptomatic CSS. GMFCS levels in the study cohort were distributed as follows: level I, 25%; level II, 25%; level III, 22%; level IV, 19%; level V, 9%. Twenty‐five out of 32 (78.1%) patients had spastic CP, two (6.3%) had dystonic CP, and one (3.1%) had mixed characteristics. Individuals with CSS were older (mean age 54y 6mo, SD 10y 5mo vs mean age 31y 7mo, SD 12y 1mo,p<0.05) and had a higher body mass index (26.1, SD 4.8 vs 23.4, SD 6.2,p<0.05) than those without CSS. Presentations included upper‐extremity symptoms (73%), ambulation decline (70%), neck pain (53%), and incontinence (30%). Common stenosis levels were C5–C6 (59%), C4–C5 (56%), and C6–C7 (53%).InterpretationSymptomatic CSS was identified in 7.5% of this adult cohort during the 2006 to 2016 period. Diagnosis in CP is difficult due to impaired communication and pre‐existing gait abnormalities and spasticity. Given the high prevalence of symptomatic CSS in adults, we propose developing screening guidelines. Physicians must maintain a high level of suspicion for CSS if patients present with changes in gait or spasticity.
Trial of restarting and tolerating metformin (TreatMet)
Authors: Orloff Jeremy N. , Touhamy Samir H. , Truong Wanda , Casper Anthony , Shukla Alpana P. , Igel Leon I. , Flory James H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, n‐of‐1 crossover study assessed whether metformin's side effects are reproducible in patients with a history of metformin intolerance. Participants completed up to four cycles of 2 weeks of metformin exposure and 2 weeks of placebo exposure. Participants completed surveys based on the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale and the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. The primary hypotheses were that treatment satisfaction would be equal for placebo and metformin and that more than 30% of the study enrollees would be able to adhere to a higher dose of metformin 6 months after participation. Thirteen patients (all women, mean age 52.4 years) enrolled, three of whom were lost to follow‐up or were non‐adherent to study protocol. Metformin was associated with significantly lower global treatment satisfaction scores compared with placebo (39.58 vs. 53.75, P < .05 ) but participants could not distinguish metformin from placebo and did not report higher rates of gastrointestinal side effects on metformin. Two out of 10 participants adhered to a higher dose of metformin after trial completion. Metformin appears to have barriers to use beyond its classic gastrointestinal side effects.