bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical cellulose fiber made from regenerated cellulose and cellulose acetate for water sensor applications
Authors: Orelma H. , Hokkanen A. , Leppänen I. , Kammiovirta K. , Kapulainen M. , Harlin A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study an optical cellulose fiber for water sensoring was prepared by using a sequential preparation strategy. The core of the fiber was prepared from dissolved cellulose, in [EMIM]OAc, which was dry–wet spun into water. The cladding layer on the cellulose core was produced by coating a layer of cellulose acetate, dissolved in acetone, using a filament coater. The chemical and optical properties of both regenerated cellulose and cellulose acetate were studied from cast films using ultraviolet–visible and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. Regenerated cellulose film was observed to absorb UV light, passing the visible light wavelengths. Cellulose acetate film was observed to pass the whole light wavelength range. The mechanical strength and topography of the prepared optical cellulose fiber were investigated through tensile testing and SEM imaging. The mechanical performance of the fiber was similar to previously reported values in the literature (tensile strength of 120 MPa). The prepared optical fiber guided light in the range of 500–1400 nm. The attenuation constant of the cellulose fiber was observed to be 6.3 dB/cm at 1300 nm. The use of prepared optical cellulose fiber in a water sensor application was demonstrated. When the fiber was placed in water, a clear attenuation in the light intensity was observed. The studied optical fiber could be used in sensor applications, in which easy modifiability and high thermal resistance are beneficial characteristics.Graphic abstractCoaxial cellulose acetate-regenerated cellulose fiber for transporting light in sensor optical fiber sensor applications.
Phase space structures causing the reaction rate decrease in the collinear hydrogen exchange reaction
Authors: Krajňák Vladimír , Waalkens Holger 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe collinear hydrogen exchange reaction is a paradigm system for understanding chemical reactions. It is the simplest imaginable atomic system with 2 degrees of freedom modeling a chemical reaction, yet it exhibits behaviour that is still not well understood—the reaction rate decreases as a function of energy beyond a critical value. Using lobe dynamics we show how invariant manifolds of unstable periodic orbits guide trajectories in phase space. From the structure of the invariant manifolds we deduce that insufficient transfer of energy between the degrees of freedom causes a reaction rate decrease. In physical terms this corresponds to the free hydrogen atom repelling the whole molecule instead of only one atom from the molecule. We further derive upper and lower bounds of the reaction rate, which are desirable for practical reasons.
NMR Investigation into the Influence of Surface Interactions on Liquid Diffusion in a Mesoporous Catalyst Support
Authors: Robinson Neil , D’Agostino Carmine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPulsed field gradient NMR diffusion measurements provide a non-invasive measure of the mass transport (self-diffusion) characteristics of liquids confined to porous catalyst materials. Here we explore the ability of this technique to probe the diffusive behaviour of a series of short-chain primary alcohols within a mesoporous catalyst support material; through the comparison of our results with highly surface-sensitive NMR relaxation data, we show that the evaluation of bulk-pore diffusion dynamics may provide a simple and indirect method to access and explore surface interaction phenomena occurring at the catalyst-liquid interface.
Association of High Serum Levels of Growth Factors with Good Outcome in Ischemic Stroke: a Multicenter Study
Authors: Sobrino Tomás , Rodríguez-Yáñez Manuel , Campos Francisco , Iglesias-Rey Ramón , Millán Mónica , de la Ossa Natalia Pérez , Dávalos Antonio , Delgado-Mederos Raquel , Martínez-Domeño Alejandro , Martí-Fábregas Joan , Castellanos Mar , Serena Joaquín , Lago Aida , Díez-Tejedor Exuperio , Castillo José 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe main objective of this research work was to study the association of serum levels of growth factors (GF) and SDF-1α with the functional outcome and reduction of lesion volume in ischemic stroke patients. In this multicenter study, 552 patients with non-lacunar stroke (male, 62.1%; mean age, 68.2 ± 11.4) were included within 24 h from symptom onset. The main outcome variable was good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] ≤ 2) at 12 months. Secondary outcome variable was infarct volume (in mL) after 6 ± 3 months. Serum levels of VEGF, Ang-1, G-CSF, BDNF, and SDF-1α were measured by ELISA at admission, 7 ± 1 days, at 3 ± 1 months, and 12 ± 3 months. Except for BDNF, all GF and SDF-1α serum levels showed a peak value at day 7 and remained elevated during the first 3 months (allp< 0.01). High serum levels at day 7 of VEGF (OR, 19.3), Ang-1 (OR, 14.7), G-CSF (OR, 9.6), and SDF-1α (OR, 28.5) were independently associated with good outcome at 12 months (allp< 0.0001). On the other hand, serum levels of VEGF (B, − 21.4), G-CSF (B, − 14.0), Ang-1 (B, − 13.3), and SDF-1α (B, − 44.6) measured at day 7 were independently associated with lesion volume at 6 months (p< 0.01). In summary, high serum levels of VEGF, Ang-1, G-CSF, and SDF-1α at day 7 and 3 months after ischemic stroke are associated with good functional outcome and smaller residual lesion at 1 year of follow-up.
Is there any gender gap in the production of legumes in Malawi? Evidence from the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition model
Authors: Joe-Nkamuke Uzoamaka , Olagunju Kehinde Oluseyi , Njuguna-Mungai Esther , Mausch Kai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the gender differences in agricultural productivity is crucial for formulating informed and effective policies to sustainably improve low productivity which characterises agriculture in Sub-Sahara Africa. Using a panel dataset from the ICRISAT led Tropical Legumes project III (2008–2013), we analyse the gender gap in the production of legumes in Malawi. Employing the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition method allows decomposition of gender gap into the following: (i) the portion caused by observable differences in the factors of production (endowment effect) and (ii) the unexplained portion caused by differences in return to the same observed factors of production (structural effect). We conducted the empirical analysis separately for pigeonpea and groundnut. Our findings reveal that for groundnut cultivated plots, women are 28% less productive than men after controlling for observed factors of production; however, the gender gap estimated in the pigeonpea cultivated plots are not statistically significant. The decomposition estimates reveal that the endowment effect is more relevant than the structural effect, suggesting that access to productive inputs contributes largest to the gender gap in groundnut productivity, and if women involved had access to equal level of inputs, the gap will be reduced significantly. The variation in the findings for groundnut and pigeon plot suggests that policy orientation towards reducing gender productivity gap should be crop specific.
Children’s Aspirations Towards Science-related Careers
Authors: Sheldrake Richard , Mujtaba Tamjid 
Published: November 2019

AbstractScience-related careers are often considered to be less accessible by many children. More research is needed to distinguish any influences from different aspects of life so that support and/or interventions can be focused to help mitigate any disadvantage and inaccessibility. In order to gain greater understanding of constraints or influences on children’s aspirations towards science-related careers, a nationally-representative cohort of 7820 children in England was considered at age 11 and at age 14. At age 11, children’s science-related career aspirations were predictively associated with their ethnicity, gender, and science self-confidence, and also (at lower magnitudes) with the children’s motivation towards school and indicators of family advantage. At age 14, children’s aspirations were predictively associated with their prior aspirations (as of age 11), science self-confidence (as of age 14), and again with ethnicity and gender. Notably, these gender and ethnicity associations varied when considering specific aspirations towards science/engineering and towards medicine/health: boys were more likely to express science/engineering aspirations and less likely to express medicine/health aspirations; concurrently, children from some minority ethnic backgrounds were less likely to express science/engineering aspirations and more likely to express medicine/health aspirations. Overall, the findings suggest that support after age 11 still needs to promote the feasibility of different science careers for all children.
Scientific Review Committees as part of institutional review of human participant research: Initial implementation at institutions with Clinical and Translational Science Awards
Authors: Selker Harry P. , Welch Lisa C. , Patchen-Fowler Elizabeth , Breeze Janis L. , Terrin Norma , Parajulee Anshu , LeClair Amy , Naeim Arash , Marnocha Rebecca , Morelli Novak Julie , Caldwell Christine Sego , Cola Philip A. , Croker Jennifer A. , Cifu David X. , Williams Kirsten M. , Snyder Denise C. , Kitterman Darlene 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroduction:Scientific quality and feasibility are part of ethics review by Institutional Review Boards (IRBs). Scientific Review Committees (SRCs) were proposed to facilitate this assessment by the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) SRC Consensus Group. This study assessed SRC feasibility and impact at CTSA-affiliated academic health centers (AHCs).Methods:SRC implementation at 10 AHCs was assessed pre/post-intervention using quantitative and qualitative methods. Pre-intervention, four AHCs had no SRC, and six had at least one SRC needing modifications to better align with Consensus Group recommendations.Results:Facilitators of successful SRC implementation included broad-based communication, an external motivator, senior-level support, and committed SRC reviewers. Barriers included limited resources and staffing, variable local mandates, limited SRC authority, lack of anticipated benefit, and operational challenges. Research protocol quality did not differ significantly between study periods, but respondents suggested positive effects. During intervention, median total review duration did not lengthen for the 40% of protocols approved within 3 weeks. For the 60% under review after 3 weeks, review was lengthened primarily due to longer IRB review for SRC-reviewed protocols. Site interviews recommended designing locally effective SRC processes, building buy-in by communication or by mandate, allowing time for planning and sharing best practices, and connecting SRC and IRB procedures.Conclusions:The CTSA SRC Consensus Group recommendations appear feasible. Although not conclusive in this relatively short initial implementation, sites perceived positive impact by SRCs on study quality. Optimal benefit will require local or federal mandate for implementation, adapting processes to local contexts, and employing SRC stipulations.
New estimates of orangutan density in Sungai Palin watershed, Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Yanuar Achmad , Fehse Jan , Chivers David , Sugardjito Jito 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPongo pygmaeus pygmaeus is a subspecies of Bornean orangutan whose distribution is restricted to the northern part of the Kapuas River, West Kalimantan, and is categorized as Critically Endangered. In October 2017 we carried out a survey to estimate orangutan density in the peat-swamp forests of the Sungai Palin watershed, of the upper Kapuas river, Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Surveys for orangutans in 1991, in nearby Nanga Awen, had indicated the presence of orangutans in the peat-swamp forests of this area. We used distance sampling techniques to estimate orangutan densities from nest observations. We recorded 76 orangutan nests along 4.5 km transects in Sungai Palin in 2017, and 71 orangutan nests were observed along 4.3 km transects in Nanga Awen in 1991, giving densities of 1.29 and 2.62 individuals/km2, respectively. The results of this orangutan survey can be used as a baseline for monitoring of orangutan populations for conservation and management of this watershed landscape.
A tale of two frequency effects: Toward a verification model of L2 word recognition
Authors: Jiang Nan , Li Man , Guo Taomei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study examined the activation of first language (L1) translations in second language (L2) word recognition in a lexical decision task. Test materials included English words that differed in the frequency of their Chinese translations or in their surface lexical frequency while other lexical properties were controlled. Chinese speakers of English as a second language of different proficiencies and native speakers of English were tested. Native speakers produced a reliable lexical frequency effect but no translation frequency effect. English as a second language speakers of lower English proficiency showed both a translation frequency effect and a lexical frequency effect, but those of higher English proficiency showed a lexical frequency effect only. The results were discussed in a verification model of L2 word recognition. According to the model, L2 word recognition entails a checking procedure in which activated L2 words are checked against their L1 translations. The two frequency effects are seen to have two different loci. The lexical frequency effect is associated with the initial activation of L2 lemmas, and the translation frequency effect arises in the verification process. Existing evidence for verification in L2 word recognition and new issues this model raises are discussed.
Dynamic Modeling of Underwater Multi-Hull Vehicles
Authors: Ingrosso Roberta , De Palma Daniela , Avanzini Giulio , Indiveri Giovanni 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARYThis paper describes a modeling approach to compute the lumped parameter hydrodynamic derivative matrices of an underwater multi-hull vehicle. The vehicle, modeled as a multi-body underwater system and denoted as cluster, can be composed by heterogeneous bodies with known dynamic parameters, rigidly connected. The nonlinear dynamic equations of the cluster and its parameters are derived by means of a modular approach, based on the composition of single basic elements. The ultimate objective is to derive a mathematical description of the multi-hull system that captures its most significant dynamics allowing to design model-based motion controllers and navigation filters. The modular nature of the resulting model can be exploited, by example, when control reconfiguration is to be dealt with in the presence of (possibly multiple) failures. The numerical simulation of a hypothetical cluster is presented and discussed.
A sketch drawing humanoid robot using image-based visual servoing
Authors: Lau Meng-Cheng , Anderson John , Baltes Jacky 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents our sketch drawing artist humanoid robot research. One of the limitations of the existing artist humanoid robot is the lack of feedback on the error that occurs during the drawing process. The contribution of this research is the development of a humanoid robot artist with drawing error correction capability. Based on our previous work with open-loop control pen-and-ink humanoid robot artist, we have implemented a closed-loop visual servoing approach to address this problem. Our experimental results show that this approach is sufficient to correct drawing errors that occur due to mechanical limitation of a robot.
Late manifestation coarctation of the aorta in a premature infant 4-month post-percutaneous device closure of a patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Serrano Ryan M. , Rodefeld Mark D. , Alexy Ryan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPatent ductus arteriosus is the most common cardiovascular abnormality in premature infants. With newly available percutaneous devices, centres are reporting high rates of success and favourable safety profiles with percutaneous closure of haemodynamically significant ductus arteriosi in infants under 1000 g. We report the case of a 5-week-old, previous 25-week gestation, 1200-g infant who underwent successful percutaneous closure of a ductus arteriosus with a Medtronic Microvascular Plug but who developed late-term coarctation from the device. This case should prompt practitioners to consider the need and timing of follow-up echocardiograms in this population and sheds light on a newly reported long-term complication of device closure in premature infants.
Is There an Influence of the Pole Tide on Volcanism? Insights From Mount Etna Recent Activity
Authors: Lambert S. , Sottili G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe investigate a possible link between polar motion and (i) seismic energy release and (ii) timing and intensity of eruptions at Mount Etna (Italy) for which a dense observational database is available. Our study suggests that the seismicity around Mount Etna increases during the largest excursions of the Earth rotation pole, which result from the constructive interference of the climate‐driven seasonal and Chandler wobbles. To a lesser extent, a similar link is detected between the pole tide and the erupted volume of magma. We infer that, by creating periodic changes in the state of stress in the crust through a variable centrifugal force and a periodic vertical displacement (pole tide), variations in polar motion influence eruption timing and magnitude and the rate of seismic energy release from volcanoes. This study provides new evidences on the sensitivity of volcanoes to external forcing.
Determinants of new onset cardiometabolic risk among normal weight children
Authors: Van Hulst Andraea , Ybarra Marina , Mathieu Marie-Eve , Benedetti Andrea , Paradis Gilles , Henderson Mélanie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective
To identify determinants for the development of “normal weight metabolically unhealthy” (NWMU) profiles among previously metabolically healthy normal weight children.

Methods
The QUALITY cohort comprises youth 8–10 years of age with a parental history of obesity (n = 630). Of these, normal weight children with no metabolic risk factors were identified and followed up 2 years later (n = 193). Children were classified as NWMU if they remained normal weight but developed at least one cardiometabolic risk factor. They were classified as normal weight metabolically healthy otherwise. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify whether adiposity (anthropometrics and DXA), lifestyle habits (physical activity, screen time, vegetables, and fruit- and sugar-sweetened beverages intake), fitness, and family history of cardiometabolic disease were associated with new onset NWMU.

Results
Of the 193 normal weight and metabolically healthy children at baseline, 45 (23%) became NWMU 2 years later (i.e., 48% had elevated HDL cholesterol, 13% had elevated triglycerides, and 4% had impaired fasting glucose). Changes in adiposity between baseline and follow-up were associated with an increased risk of NWMU for all adiposity measures examined (e.g., for ∆zBMI OR = 3.95; 95% CI: 1.76, 8.83). Similarly, a 2-year change in screen time was associated with incident NWMU status (OR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.04, 1.49).

Conclusions
Children who increase their adiposity levels as they enter puberty, despite remaining normal weight, are at risk of developing cardiometabolic risk factors. Studies examining long-term consequences of NWMU profiles in pediatrics are needed to determine whether changes in screening practice are warranted.
Schwann cells support oncogenic potential of pancreatic cancer cells through TGFβ signaling
Authors: Roger Elodie , Martel Sylvie , Bertrand-Chapel Adrien , Depollier Arnaud , Chuvin Nicolas , Pommier Roxane M. , Yacoub Karam , Caligaris Cassandre , Cardot-Ruffino Victoire , Chauvet Véronique , Aires Sophie , Mohkam Kayvan , Mabrut Jean-Yves , Adham Mustapha , Fenouil Tanguy , Hervieu Valérie , Broutier Laura , Castets Marie , Neuzillet Cindy , Cassier Philippe A. , Tomasini Richard , Sentis Stéphanie , Bartholin Laurent 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the solid tumors with the poorest prognosis. The stroma of this tumor is abundant and composed of extracellular matrix and stromal cells (including cancer-associated fibroblasts and immune cells). Nerve fibers invading this stroma represent a hallmark of PDAC, involved in neural remodeling, which participates in neuropathic pain, cancer cell dissemination and tumor relapse after surgery. Pancreatic cancer-associated neural remodeling is regulated through functional interplays mediated by physical and molecular interactions between cancer cells, nerve cells and surrounding Schwann cells, and other stromal cells. In the present study, we show that Schwann cells (glial cells supporting peripheral neurons) can enhance aggressiveness (migration, invasion, tumorigenicity) of pancreatic cancer cells in a transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-dependent manner. Indeed, we reveal that conditioned medium from Schwann cells contains high amounts of TGFβ able to activate the TGFβ-SMAD signaling pathway in cancer cells. We also observed in human PDAC samples that high levels of TGFβ signaling activation were positively correlated with perineural invasion. Secretome analyses by mass spectrometry of Schwann cells and pancreatic cancer cells cultured alone or in combination highlighted the central role of TGFβ in neuro-epithelial interactions, as illustrated by proteomic signatures related to cell adhesion and motility. Altogether, these results demonstrate that Schwann cells are a meaningful source of TGFβ in PDAC, which plays a crucial role in the acquisition of aggressive properties by pancreatic cancer cells.
Understanding carbon dioxide activation and carbon–carbon coupling over nickel
Authors: Vogt Charlotte , Monai Matteo , Sterk Ellen B. , Palle Jonas , Melcherts Angela E. M. , Zijlstra Bart , Groeneveld Esther , Berben Peter H. , Boereboom Jelle M. , Hensen Emiel J. M. , Meirer Florian , Filot Ivo A. W. , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCarbon dioxide is a desired feedstock for platform molecules, such as carbon monoxide or higher hydrocarbons, from which we will be able to make many different useful, value-added chemicals. Its catalytic hydrogenation over abundant metals requires the amalgamation of theoretical knowledge with materials design. Here we leverage a theoretical understanding of structure sensitivity, along with a library of different supports, to tune the selectivity of methanation in the Power-to-Gas concept over nickel. For example, we show that carbon dioxide hydrogenation over nickel can and does form propane, and that activity and selectivity can be tuned by supporting different nickel particle sizes on various oxides. This theoretical and experimental toolbox is not only useful for the highly selective production of methane, but also provides new insights for carbon dioxide activation and subsequent carbon–carbon coupling towards value-added products thereby reducing the deleterious effects of this environmentally harmful molecule.