bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: The GOLD and NICE Guidelines for the Management of COPD
Authors: Neumeier Anna , Keith Robert 
Published: March 2020

GUIDELINE TITLEChronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: Diagnosis and management1RELEASE DATEDecember 5, 2018 with update July 2019PRIOR VERSION(S)NICE guideline CG101 June 2010, 2004FUNDING SOURCEDepartment of Health and Social Care, United KingdomTARGET POPULATIONPatients age 16 and older with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)GUIDELINE TITLEGlobal Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2019 Report)2RELEASE DATENovember 14, 2018PRIOR VERSION(S)2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2008, 2001FUNDING SOURCEThe Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD)TARGET POPULATIONAdults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
What is the functional mobility and quality of life in patients with cerebral palsy following single-event multilevel surgery?
Authors: Edwards Tomos Aled , Prescott Robin John , Stebbins Julie , Wright James , Theologis Tim 
Published: March 2020

Purpose To report functional mobility in patients with diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) at long-term follow-up after single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS). The secondary aim was to assess the relationship between functional mobility and quality of life (QoL) in patients previously treated with SEMLS. Methods A total of 61 patients with diplegic CP, mean age at surgery 11 years, eight months (sd 2 years, 5 months), were included. A mean of eight years (sd 3 years, 10 months) after SEMLS, patients were contacted and asked to complete the Functional Mobility Scale (FMS) questionnaire over the telephone and given a weblink to complete an online version of the CP QOL Teen. FMS was recorded for all patients and CP QOL Teen for 23 patients (38%). Results Of patients graded Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) I and II preoperatively, at long-term follow-up the proportion walking independently at home, school/work and in the community was 71% (20/28), 57% (16/28) and 57% (16/28), respectively. Of patients graded GMFCS III preoperatively, at long-term follow-up 82% (27/33) and 76% (25/33) were walking either independently or with an assistive device at home and school/work, respectively, while over community distances 61% (20/33) required a wheelchair. The only significant association between QoL and functional mobility was better ‘feelings about function’ in patients with better home FMS scores (r = 0.55; 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 0.79; p = 0.01). Conclusion The majority of children maintained their preoperative level of functional mobility at long-term follow-up after SEMLS. Level of Evidence IV
Formation of Apprenticeships in the Swedish Education System: Different Stakeholder Perspectives
Authors: Andersson Ingela , Wärvik Gun-Britt , Thång Per-Olof 
Published: March 2020

The article explores the major features of the Swedish Government’s new initiative - a school based Upper Secondary Apprenticeship model. The analyses are guided by activity theory. The analysed texts are part of the parliamentary reform-making process of the 2011 Upper Secondary School reform. The analyses unfold how the Government, the Swedish Trade Union Confederation (LO), and the Confederation of Swedish Enterprise (SN) construct Upper Secondary Apprenticeship as an activity in the 21st century. The conclusion highlights how three traditional aspects of Swedish initial vocational education and training (IVET) collide in the formation of Upper Secondary Apprenticeship – a curriculum of labour market based apprenticeships, a curriculum of school based IVET, and ill-defined curriculums of school based apprenticeships. The emerging Upper Secondary Apprenticeship curriculum foreshadows multifaceted educational trajectories where the learning targets, and not the responsibility for the student’s learning are displaced from the school to the workplace setting.
Twenty Years of Basic Vocational Education Provision in Spain: Changes and Trends
Authors: Marhuenda Fernando , Salvà Francesca , Navas Saurin Almudena A. , Abiétar López Miriam 
Published: March 2020

Our contribution attempts to review basic vocational education programmes in Spain over the past 25 years. We intend to compare the evolution of these programmes in terms of conception and conditions of delivery in order to find out how different they are as skill-formation and remedial systems, as well as analysing how different political views have an impact upon such provision. We will focus on the current programmes in two regions in Spain where tourism is the main economic strength and source of employment. The authors have been working on several research projects investigating these issues since the late 1990s and we are currently working on two of them.
Dropout prevention in Secondary VET from different learning spaces: A social discussion experience
Authors: Salvà Francesca , Pinya Carme , Álvarez Nuria , Calvo Aina 
Published: March 2020

Context: In 2016, the early leaving from education and training (ELET) rate in the Balearic Islands, Spain, was 26.8%. According to the most recent data, the participation rate in intermediate vocational education and training (VET) was 31.5%, and the graduation rate was 53.2%. In this paper, we present the main elements of the social agreement among political and social actors, derived from social discussion, which may form the main building blocks for addressing the problems of ELET and, more specifically, dropout in VET. Approach: The social discussion was developed under the need for a broader and more inclusive vision between the formal education system and the community as well as among their agents and initiatives, the mutual understanding between the educational strategies and the models of formal and non-formal education systems and the need for a dynamic and holistic approach to experiential learning processes. As researchers, we analysed the video-recorded content of participants’ contributions using three categories: problems, strategies for improvements and contributions of the work group to the social agreement.Findings: The experience evidenced the severity of the ELET problem in the Balearic Islands and proved that preventing ELET and returning people between the ages of 16 and 24 to education and training programmes must become political priorities. The social agreement reflects the consensus reached regarding the need to work in networks, encourage collaboration between formal and non-formal education and emphasise the central role of the community and the active participation of students. The proposed actions regarding VET focus on the need to establish a system that integrates VET from education and from employment systems and the need to increase the offer to connect with the needs of businesses, the territory and a new model of production. The necessity of improving the quality of the system, moving towards more inclusive education and training teachers to recognize and reduce dropout risk factors was also brought up. Conclusion: The social agreement is possible even in contexts with little tradition. The innovation of this experience lies in its equating all participants at the same level of discussion. We highlight the intersection of the variety of positions that emerged in the debates as well as the consensus reached regarding the suggested proposals to address the problem of ELET and dropout in VET in the Balearic Islands.
GONZO UWIKŁANE, PRZEMOC PRZEDSTAWIENIA ORAZ MOZAIKA FANTAZMATÓW NARODOWYCH, CZYLI O „UKRAIŃSKIEJ TRYLOGII” ZIEMOWITA SZCZERKA
Authors: Kupidura Ryszard 
Published: March 2020

Ryszard Kupidura, GONZO UWIKŁANE, PRZEMOC PRZEDSTAWIENIA ORAZ MOZAIKA FANTAZMATÓW NARODOWYCH, CZYLI O „UKRAIŃSKIEJ TRYLOGII” ZIEMOWITA SZCZERKA. „PORÓWNANIA” 1 (24), 2019. T. XXIV, S. 55-67. ISSN 1733-165X.
Celem niniejszego tekstu jest analiza trzech książek Ziemowita Szczerka: Przyjdzie Mordor i nas zje (2013), Tatuażu z tryzubem (2015) oraz Międzymorza (2017), które ze względu na obecność w nich tematów związanych ze wschodnim sąsiadem Polski autor artykułu łączy umownie w „ukraińską trylogię”. Wśród podjętych w tekście problemów badawczych znalazły się m.in.: kwestia genologicznego statusu twórczości Szczerka, pytania o implikacje, które niesie za sobą pisanie reportaży na temat kraju o wieloletniej i złożonej historii stosunków kolonialnych z krajem, z którego pochodzi sam pisarz, czy wreszcie próba spojrzenia na ukraińską sytuację z ponadregionalnej perspektywy.
New Results About the Lambda Constant and Ground States of the 𝑊-Functional
Authors: Ma Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we study properties of the lambda constants and the existence of ground states of Perelman’s famous W-functional from a variational formulation. We have two kinds of results. One is about the estimation of the lambda constant of G. Perelman, and the other is about the existence of ground states of his W-functional, both on a complete non-compact Riemannian manifold

(
M
,
g
)

{(M,g)}

. One consequence of our estimation is that, on an ALE (or asymptotic flat) manifold

(
M
,
g
)

{(M,g)}

, if the scalar curvature s of

(
M
,
g
)

{(M,g)}

is non-negative and has quadratical decay at infinity, then M is scalar flat, i.e.,

s
=
0

{s=0}

in M. We also introduce a new constant

d
⁢

(
M
,
g
)

{d(M,g)}

. For the existence of the ground states, we use Lions’ concentration-compactness method.
On the Two-phase Fractional Stefan Problem
Authors: del Teso Félix , Endal Jørgen , Vázquez Juan Luis 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The classical Stefan problem is one of the most studied free boundary problems of evolution type. Recently, there has been interest in treating the corresponding free boundary problem with nonlocal diffusion. We start the paper by reviewing the main properties of the classical problem that are of interest to us. Then we introduce the fractional Stefan problem and develop the basic theory. After that we center our attention on selfsimilar solutions, their properties and consequences. We first discuss the results of the one-phase fractional Stefan problem, which have recently been studied by the authors. Finally, we address the theory of the two-phase fractional Stefan problem, which contains the main original contributions of this paper. Rigorous numerical studies support our results and claims.
Watching televised representations and self-identity of national minorities: Israeli Arab citizens’ perceptions of their media representations on Israeli television
Authors: Katz Nissim , Nossek Hillel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on how Israeli Arab citizens perceive their media representations on Israeli television and why they consume television broadcasts even though they are marked mostly by negative representations. A new concept – “Communication Boundary Situation” – a development of Jaspers’ “Boundary Situation” theory, is the theoretical framework for the article. The empirical data was collected by conducting semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings point to different attitudes among the interviewees towards their representation in various television genres, in particular, in advertising as compared to satire and drama. The suggested theoretical framework and its empirical implementation might be useful in examining how various minorities perceive their media representations in other countries.
”Strängt taget fattas oss ingenting”: Folkhemmet i Stig Sjödins och Jenny Wrangborgs arbetarlyrik
Authors: Nilsson Magnus 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to analyze the attitudes of two prominent Swedish working-class poets – Stig Sjödin (1917–1993) and Jenny Wrangborg (born 1984) – toward the social-democratic welfare state. The premise of the analysis is that this welfare state is a historical and changing phenomenon that has attracted attention from working-class writers in different ways at different times. Sjödin wrote during the emergence and the heyday of the social-democratic welfare state, whereas Wrangborg is writing poetry at a time when the labour movement is ailing and the welfare state challenged. Thus, despite the two poets having closely aligned aesthetical and ideological ideals, their attitudes toward the welfare state are distinctly different.
Unitary representations with Dirac cohomology: A finiteness result for complex Lie groups
Authors: Ding Jian , Dong Chao-Ping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Let G be a connected complex simple Lie group, and let

G
^

d

{\widehat{G}^{\mathrm{d}}}

be the set of all equivalence classes of irreducible unitary representations with non-vanishing Dirac cohomology. We show that

G
^

d

{\widehat{G}^{\mathrm{d}}}

consists of two parts: finitely many scattered representations, and finitely many strings of representations. Moreover, the strings of

G
^

d

{\widehat{G}^{\mathrm{d}}}

come from

L
^

d

{\widehat{L}^{\mathrm{d}}}

via cohomological induction and they are all in the good range. Here L runs over the Levi factors of proper θ-stable parabolic subgroups of G. It follows that figuring out

G
^

d

{\widehat{G}^{\mathrm{d}}}

requires a finite calculation in total. As an application, we report a complete description of

F
^

4
d

{\widehat{F}_{4}^{\mathrm{d}}}

.
Residence Time Distribution Studies in a Modified Rotating Packed Disc Contactor: Mathematical Modeling and Validation
Authors: Kalnake Rohit P. , Murthy D.V.R. , Achar Akshay , Raval Keyur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A modified rotating packed disc contactor (RPDC) with the maximum working volume of 65 liter is designed for biological waste water treatment. A hollow disc with radial vanes mounted on the disc was a modified design of this contactor. Stimulus-response experiments were conducted in the contactor to understand liquid mixing behavior under different operating conditions. The recycle stream was also used in the operation of the contactor. Experiments were conducted for different number of discs, rotational speeds and recycle ratios. The disc design and recycle ratio had marked influence on the mixing behavior. An increase in disc rotation and recycle ratio produced a well-mixed flow behavior. Moreover, the surface area available in the RPDC was about 4 times more than the surface area available in a standard rotating biological contactor (RBC) operating at similar conditions. A mathematical model was developed for the flow behavior under recycle and a good agreement was found between the model and experimental results.
The decline of amniocentesis and the increase of chorionic villus sampling in modern perinatal medicine
Authors: Monni Giovanni , Corda Valentina , Iuculano Ambra , Afshar Yalda 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aims of this study were to determine the rate of change by type of diagnosis by transabdominal chorionic villus sampling (TA-CVS) vs. amniocentesis for aneuploidy and to describe a successful and intensive international training program for TA-CVS in ongoing pregnancies.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all deliveries from 2010 to 2018 in Sardinia. All invasive diagnostic procedures are conducted at a single regional perinatal referral center. Descriptive statistics were used to compare data across groups, and inter-correlations between variables were investigated by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. We subsequently describe the international trainee experiences in TA-CVS over a 35-year period.ResultsA total of 101,025 deliveries occurred over 9 years. The number of deliveries (13,413–9143, P < 0.0001) and total invasive diagnostic procedures (1506–858 per year, P = 0.019) declined over this period. The percentage of deliveries undergoing invasive diagnostic procedures remained steady (mean: 12.2%). In 2010, TA-CVS made up 32.3% of all invasive diagnostic procedures, while amniocentesis made up 67.7%. By 2018, TA-CVS made up 61.3% of the invasive diagnostic procedures, and amniocentesis, only 38.7%. The rate of TA-CVS increased over 9 years, while the rate of amniocentesis declined. A total of 236 trainees from 39 different countries and 5 different continents rotated through this site. The average length of stay was 2.4 weeks.ConclusionWe demonstrate an increasing prevalence of TA-CVS vs. amniocentesis in the current era of prenatal testing and underscore the importance of continuing to train specialists skilled in TA-CVS. Our global operative experience is feasible and sustainable and will have a lasting impact on physicians conducting invasive fetal procedures.
Dynamic thermal camouflage via a liquid-crystal-based radiative metasurface
Authors: Liu Yida , Song Jinlin , Zhao Weixian , Ren Xuecheng , Cheng Qiang , Luo Xiaobing , Fang Nicholas Xuanlai , Hu Run 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Thermal camouflage, which is used to conceal objects in the infrared vision for confrontation with infrared detection in civilian or military applications, has garnered increasing attraction and interest recently. Compared with conductive thermal camouflage, that is to tune heat conduction to achieve equivalent temperature fields, radiative thermal camouflage, based on emissivity engineering, is more promising and shows much superiority in the pursuit of dynamic camouflage technology when resorting to stimuli-responsive materials. In this paper, we demonstrate the emissivity-engineered radiative metasurface to realize dynamic thermal camouflage functionality via a flying laser heat source on the metal-liquid-crystal-metal (MLCM) platform. We employ a rigorous coupled-wave algorithm to calculate the surface emissivity of Au/LC/Au microstructures, where the LC-orientation angle distribution is quantified by minimizing the emitted thermal energy standard deviation throughout the whole plate. Emissivity engineering on the MCLM platform is attributed to multiple magnetic polariton resonance, and agrees well with the equivalent electric circuit analysis. Through this electrical modulation strategy, the moving hot spot in the original temperature field is erased and a uniform temperature field is observed in the infrared camera instead, demonstrating the very good dynamic thermal camouflage functionality. The present MLCM-based radiative metasurface may open avenues for high-resolution emissivity engineering to realize novel thermal functionality and develop new applications for thermal metamaterials and meta-devices.
The Management of Conflict Resolution On Labor Wages
Authors: Sarwani Sarwani , Anggraeni RR Dewi , Rezki Annissa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract:Every job that utilize services and human resources certainly requires a salary for payment. This fee will be used to fulfill the necessities of life, both for personal needs of workers, and other needs including household necessities. However, it is undeniable that in the reality of granting wage, it often experiences some obstacles, either caused by workers or from the company itself. Consequently, this creates a conflict that requires resolution. Therefore, it is necessary to manage this conflict resolution of labor or workers' earning according to the Indonesian labour law. This study applied qualitative research methods with a literature and empirical approach. Data are collected through the analysis of legislation and phenomenon that occured in the real life. The results of study revealed that there are still many conflicts over payment of labor wages, so the companies have to apply labor salary’s management based on applicable regulations. Thus, it is necessary to practice the resolution of disputes in this matter maximally, particularly related to the provision of a reasonable wage between the workers and the company.Keywords: Conflict Resolution, Labor Wages, Companies Abstrak:Setiap pekerjaan yang menggunakan jasa dan tenaga manusia sudah pasti membutuhkan upah untuk pembayarannya. Upah inilah yang nantinya akan digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, baik pribadi pekerja, maupun kebutuhan lainnya termasuk kebutuhan rumah tangga. Namun tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa dalam realita pemberian hak upah, kerap mengalami kendala, baik yang disebabkan dari buruhnya maupun dari pihak perusahaan pemberi upah. Sehingga hal ini menimbulkan konflik yang membutuhkan penyelesaian. Oleh karenanya dibutuhkan manajemen penyelesaian konflik sengketa pemberi upah buruh atau pekerja ini, dengan didasarkan undang-undang ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur dan empiris. Data yang didapat melalui analisis peraturan perundang-undangan dan fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa masih terdapat banyak konflik pembayaran upah buruh, sehingga perusahaan harus mampu menerapkan manajemen pemberian upah layak buruh yang didasarkan aturan yang berlaku. Oleh Karena itu perlu dilakukannya praktik penyelesaian sengketa dalam persoalan ini secara maksimal, khususnya terkait pemberian upah yang layak antara pihak buruh dan perusahaan.Kata kunci: Penyelesaian Sengketa, Upah Buruh, Perusahaan
Doğum Sonrası Depresyonun Tanı ve Tedavisi: Bir Gözden Geçirme
Authors: ERDOĞAN Ali , HOCAOĞLU Çiçek 
Published: March 2020

Gebelik dönemi kadın yaşamında fizyolojik, ruhsal ve sosyal değişimlerin yaşandığı bir
dönemdir. Gebelik dönemi ve sonrasındaki bu değişimler çeşitli ruhsal hastalıklara
sebep olabilmektedir. Bu hastalıklardan doğum sonrası depresyon perinatal
dönemde sık görülmektedir. Doğum sonrası depresyon anne ve bebek için önemli bir
morbidite ve mortalite sebebidir. Peripartum başlangıçlı bir major depresif
epizod hamilelikte ve ya doğum sonrası 4 haftaya kadar ortaya çıktığında doğum
sonrası depresyon olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Sıklığı son derece yüksektir. Etyolojisinde
biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyokültürel faktörlerin etkili olduğu
bildirilmektedir. Çökkünlük, anhedoni, suçluluk düşünceleri, sinirlilik,
konsantrasyon bozukluğu, psikomotor ajitasyon, psikomotor retardasyon, uyku
düzensizliği, iştah ve kilo değişiklikleri gibi major depresyon semptomları ile
prezante olur. Tedavisinde ise bir çok farklı seçenek bulunmaktadır. Bu
seçeneklerin çoğu major depresyon tedavisinden uyarlanmıştır. Tedavide
serotonin geri alım inhibitörleri (SSRI), serotonin noradrenalin geri alım inhibitörleri
(SNRI), trisiklik antidepresanlar, östradiol, progesteron, psikoterapiler,
elektronvulsiv terapi ve brexanolone kullanılabilmektedir. Brexanolone doğum
sonrası depresyon tedavisinde umut vaat eden
yeni bir ilaçtır. Doğum sonrası depresyona özel endikasyon almış tek
tedavidir. Bu derleme çalışması, güncel veriler ışığında doğum sonrası
depresyonun etyoloji, tanı ve
tedavisindeki yeni gelişmeleri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.