bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proton Perpendicular Heating in Turbulence Simulations: Determination of the Velocity Diffusion Coefficient
Authors: Vasquez Bernard J. , Isenberg Philip A. , Markovskii Sergei A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Numerical methods are presented that can determine the perpendicular velocity space diffusion coefficient from kinetic simulation results. The methods are applied to hybrid simulation results using particle protons and a massless, quasi-neutralizing electron fluid for a case of quasi-perpendicular turbulence. During the quasi-steady phase of the turbulence, the evolution of the grid-averaged, gyrotropic, and peculiar velocity distribution of protons with velocity components perpendicular to the background magnetic field is found to be adequately described by diffusion. The estimated diffusion coefficient varies with perpendicular proton speed. A relative maximum occurs at a speed of zero. About the thermal speed, the coefficient decreases with increasing speed consistent with a power law with index −3. A relative minimum occurs at larger speeds, and the diffusion coefficient rises among the fastest protons contained in the simulation. The functional form of the diffusion coefficient appears to be the result of two sources. At speeds less than the relative minimum, the diffusion is dominated by turbulence generated fluctuations, while at greater speeds the diffusion arises from the large-scale fluctuations that initiated the turbulent energy cascade. Results are compared with theoretical predictions for the diffusion coefficient and with results presented from a previous simulation. Implications for generating suprathermal protons from quasi-perpendicular turbulence are also discussed.
Impact of the Collision Model on the Multi-messenger Emission from Gamma-Ray Burst Internal Shocks
Authors: Rudolph Annika , Heinze Jonas , Fedynitch Anatoli , Winter Walter 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We discuss the production of multiple astrophysical messengers (neutrinos, cosmic rays, gamma-rays) in the Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) internal shock scenario, focusing on the impact of the collision dynamics between two shells on the fireball evolution. In addition to the inelastic case, in which plasma shells merge when they collide, we study the Ultra Efficient Shock scenario, in which a fraction of the internal energy is re-converted into kinetic energy and, consequently, the two shells survive and remain in the system. We find that in all cases, a quasi-diffuse neutrino flux from GRBs at the level of 10−11–

(per flavor) is expected for protons and a baryonic loading of 10, which is potentially within the reach of IceCube-Gen2. The highest impact of the collision model for multi-messenger production is observed for the Ultra Efficient Shock scenario, that promises high conversion efficiencies from kinetic to radiated energy. However, the assumption that the plasma shells separate after a collision and survive as separate shells within the fireball is found to be justified too rarely in a multicollision model that uses hydrodynamical simulations with the PLUTO code for individual shell collisions.
Angular Momenta, Magnetization, and Accretion of Protostellar Cores
Authors: Kuznetsova Aleksandra , Hartmann Lee , Heitsch Fabian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Building on our previous hydrodynamic study of the angular momenta of cloud cores formed during gravitational collapse of star-forming molecular gas in Kuznetsova et al., we now examine core properties assuming ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Using the same sink-patch implementation for the Athena MHD code, we characterize the statistical properties of cores, including the mass accretion rates, specific angular momenta, and alignments between the magnetic field and the spin axis of the core on the 0.1 pc scale. Our simulations, which reproduce the observed relation between magnetic field strength and gas density, show that magnetic fields can help collimate low-density flows and help seed the locations of filamentary structures. Consistent with our previous purely hydrodynamic simulations, stars (sinks) form within the heterogeneous environments of filaments, such that accretion onto cores is highly episodic leading to short-term variability but no long-term monotonic growth of the specific angular momenta. With statistical characterization of protostellar cores properties and behaviors, we aim to provide a starting point for building more realistic and self-consistent disk formation models, helping to address whether magnetic fields can prevent the development of (large) circumstellar disks in the ideal MHD limit.
Unveiling the Merger Dynamics of the Most Massive MaDCoWS Cluster at z = 1.2 from a Multiwavelength Mapping of Its Intracluster Medium Properties
Authors: Ruppin F. , McDonald M. , Brodwin M. , Adam R. , Ade P. , André P. , Andrianasolo A. , Arnaud M. , Aussel H. , Bartalucci I. , Bautz M. W. , Beelen A. , Benoît A. , Bideaud A. , Bourrion O. , Calvo M. , Catalano A. , Comis B. , Decker B. , Petris M. De , Désert F.-X. , Doyle S. , Driessen E. F. C. , Eisenhardt P. R. M. , Gomez A. , Gonzalez A. H. , Goupy J. , Kéruzoré F. , Kramer C. , Ladjelate B. , Lagache G. , Leclercq S. , Lestrade J.-F. , Macías-Pérez J. F. , Mauskopf P. , Mayet F. , Monfardini A. , Moravec E. , Perotto L. , Pisano G. , Pointecouteau E. , Ponthieu N. , Pratt G. W. , Revéret V. , Ritacco A. , Romero C. , Roussel H. , Schuster K. , Shu S. , Sievers A. , Stanford S. A. , Stern D. , Tucker C. , Zylka R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The characterization of the Intracluster Medium (ICM) properties of high-redshift galaxy clusters is fundamental to our understanding of large-scale structure formation processes. We present the results of a multiwavelength analysis of the very massive cluster MOO J1142+1527 at a redshift z = 1.2 discovered as part of the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey. This analysis is based on high angular resolution Chandra X-ray and NIKA2 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) data. The cluster thermodynamic radial profiles have been obtained with unprecedented precision at this redshift and up to 0.7R
500, thanks to the combination of high-resolution X-ray and SZ data. The comparison between the galaxy distribution mapped in infrared by Spitzer and the morphological properties of the ICM derived from the combined analysis of the Chandra and NIKA2 data leads us to the conclusion that the cluster is an ongoing merger. We have estimated a systematic uncertainty on the cluster total mass that characterizes both the impact of the observed deviations from spherical symmetry and of the core dynamics on the mass profile. We further combine the X-ray and SZ data at the pixel level to obtain maps of the temperature and entropy distributions. We find a relatively low-entropy core at the position of the X-ray peak and high-temperature regions located on its south and west sides. This work demonstrates that the addition of spatially resolved SZ observations to low signal-to-noise X-ray data brings a high information gain on the characterization of the evolution of ICM thermodynamic properties at z > 1.
Evidence for a Coronal Shock Wave Origin for Relativistic Protons Producing Solar Gamma-Rays and Observed by Neutron Monitors at Earth
Authors: Kouloumvakos Athanasios , Rouillard Alexis P. , Share Gerald H. , Plotnikov Illya , Murphy Ronald , Papaioannou Athanasios , Wu Yihong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We study the solar eruptive event on 2017 September 10 that produced long-lasting >100 MeV γ-ray emission and a ground level enhancement (GLE72). The origin of the high-energy ions producing late-phase gamma-ray emission (LPGRE) is still an open question, but a possible explanation is proton acceleration at coronal shocks produced by coronal mass ejections. We examine a common shock acceleration origin for both the LPGRE and GLE72. The γ-ray emission observed by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope exhibits a weak impulsive phase, consistent with that observed in hard X-and γ-ray line flare emissions, and what appear to be two distinct stages of LPGRE. From a detailed modeling of the shock wave, we derive the 3D distribution and temporal evolution of the shock parameters, and we examine the shock wave magnetic connection with the visible solar disk. The evolution of shock parameters on field lines returning to the visible disk mirrors the two stages of LPGRE. We find good agreement between the time history of >100 MeV γ-rays and one produced by a basic shock acceleration model. The time history of shock parameters magnetically mapped to Earth agrees with the rates observed by the Fort Smith neutron monitor during the first hour of GLE72 if we include a 30% contribution of flare-accelerated protons during the first 10 minutes, having a release time following the time history of nuclear γ-rays. Our analysis provides compelling evidence for a common shock origin for protons producing the LPGRE and most of the particles observed in GLE72.
L’adolescent et sa famille aux prises avec la paradoxalité
Authors: Philonenko Aymeric 
Published: April 2020

La lecture métapsychologique du phénomène de double bind et de la paradoxalité psychique autorise la compréhension de leur importance dans la (dé)structuration psychique du sujet, ainsi que l’élaboration des manifestations transférentielles et contre-transférentielles que ceux-ci impliquent, dont la reconnaissance est un enjeu thérapeutique majeur. Enfin, le concept de paradoxe permet a fortiori de remettre au travail et « en jeu » les questions des limites et des frontières à l’adolescence.
Jouer pour être en lien
Authors: Gilormini Graziella , Pouzoulet Anne-Laure 
Published: April 2020

Les adolescents rencontrés dans notre unité de double prise en charge somato-psychiatrique dans un service de médecine de l’adolescent sont hospitalisés, car leur maladie et leurs traitements les empêchent de suivre une scolarité classique. À travers l’histoire de Medhi et sa participation au groupe « Corporescence », nous verrons comment en retraversant des jeux de l’enfance, il devient possible de se repositionner comme acteurs face à une maladie qui les a dans l’enfance parfois désubjectivés.
Plato’s Phaedrus in Middle-Platonism: Some interpretations
Authors: Moreschini Claudio 
Published: April 2020

Discuter de leurs propres doctrines selon une méthode “scolaire”, qui consiste à retrouver les doctrines de Platon afin de construire par ce moyen leur propre pensée, est une caractéristique commune aux médio-platoniciens. Un tel procédé est donc conditionné par l’exégèse de Platon ; d’ailleurs, l’exégèse elle-même devient un objet de discussion durant le moyen-platonisme, où surgit le problème très controversé de la meilleure interprétation de Platon. Une enquête sur la présence du Phèdre – qui était l’un des dialogues les plus lus de Platon – chez ces philosophes doit prendre en compte diverses méthodes d’interprétation mise en place, notamment l’interprétation grammaticale, l’interprétation physique et l’interprétation épistémologique, que cet article s’efforce de mettre en lumière.
Quelles conceptions de la coopération humains‑robots collaboratifs ?
Authors: Barcellini Flore 
Published: April 2020

Cet article relate une expérience de participation de chercheures en ergonomie à un projet de recherche de développement d’un démonstrateur de robotique collaborative. Cette contribution empirique est mise en perspective avec des éléments théoriques portant sur les modèles de la coopération dans un système travailleur-robot et la conduite de projet de conception en ergonomie de l’activité. Sur cette base, nous discutons : (1) du modèle de la coopération effectivement réifiée dans le démonstrateur, qui en l’état des développements technologiques incorpore plus un modèle de coordination et non de coopération, en ce sens qu’il ne permet pas de gérer de manière dynamique l’interdépendance entre les tâches du travailleur et du robot ; (2) des apports et limites de la double conduite de projet mise en place (au sein du consortium de recherche et d’une usine). Nous soulignons que la présence de chercheures en ergonomie de l’activité au sein du projet de recherche s’est révélée être une condition nécessaire à la conception d’une technologie potentiellement « préservante » pour la santé et la performance, mais elle n’a en aucun cas été suffisante, car elle n’a pas permis de construite le futur usage socio-organisationnel de la technologie. Ceci appelle des perspectives de recherche permettant de poursuivre ces travaux en s’intéressant de plus près aux processus décisionnels relatifs aux transitions vers une « Industrie du futur » et à leurs accompagnements, dans des perspectives politiques et historico-culturel.
O USO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS PELA POPULAÇÃO DE UNIÃO DA VITÓRIA – PR: O SABER POPULAR CONFRONTADO PELO CONHECIMENTO CIENTÍFICO
Authors: Krupek Rogério Antonio , Nedopetalski Paola Fernanda 
Published: April 2020

O uso de plantas medicinais para tratamento de diferentes tipos de enfermidades é um meio antigo, comum e muito difundido nas comunidades em geral. Estudos etnobotânicos são muito comuns e apresentam listas de espécies citadas por diferentes populações em todo o território nacional. A averiguação da correta identificação botânica e sua respectiva confirmação farmacológica para fins medicinais, entretanto, são raros. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve por finalidade comparar o saber popular com o registro farmacológico, cientificamente comprovado. A população amostrada pertence à área urbana do município de União da Vitória, Paraná. Foram entrevistados um total de 36 pessoas, escolhidas por possuirem a planta medicinal citada na residência. Cada entrevistado respondeu a um questionário relacionado ao uso de plantas medicinais. A planta cultivada e citada pelo entrevistado foi coletada para posterior identificação e tombamento em Herbário (HCVI). Foram citadas (nome comum) 30 plantas e apontados 41 tipos de uso medicinal. A maioria das plantas citadas são comuns e amplamente disseminadas em ambientes domiciliares. As formas de uso apontadas foram principalmente para males considerados pouco graves (p.ex. dores de barriga e resfriados). Das plantas citadas, foram identificadas 26 espécies botânicas, sendo que em torno de 50% apresentou concordância entre o uso popular e a comprovação científica. Estes reultados estão de acordo com outros estudos citados na literatura, o que reflete a falta de estudos farmacológicos com plantas consideradas medicinais pela população em geral.
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Peer Concussion-Education Program for Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Kneavel Meredith E. , Ernst William , McCarthy Kevin S. 
Published: April 2020

Context
The National Collegiate Athletic Association and US Department of Defense have called for educational programs to change the culture of concussion reporting, increase reporting behavior, and enhance the safety of players and service members.

Objective
To evaluate the effects of a novel peer concussion-education program (PCEP) in changing knowledge, attitudes, and norms about concussion reporting among collegiate student-athletes and assess program implementation.

Design
Randomized controlled trial and qualitative analysis of interviews.

Setting
National Collegiate Athletic Association athletic teams from randomly selected colleges or universities.

Patients or Other Participants
A total of 1614 male and female student-athletes from 60 teams at 10 colleges and universities and 8 athletic trainers.

Intervention(s)
The PCEP intervention trains 2 peer concussion educators to provide 2 education modules to their teammates. Knowledge, attitudes (oneself and teammates), and concussion occurrence or reporting were assessed at baseline, postintervention, and 1 month later. Eight athletic trainers were interviewed about program implementation.

Results
Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed greater increases occurred postintervention and at 1 month in concussion knowledge (F1,2648 = 51.3, P &lt; .0001), intention to report (oneself, F2,2633 = 82.3, P &lt; .0001; teammates, F2,2624 = 53.9, P &lt; .0001), return-to-play protocol knowledge, (F2,2632 = 28.4, P &lt; .0001), direct subjective norms (oneself, F2,2625 = 51.7, P &lt; .0001; teammates, F2,2644 = 40.6, P &lt; .0001), direct perceived behavioral control (oneself, F2,2628 = 53.7, P &lt; .0001; teammates, F2,2615 = 68.2, P &lt; .0001), and indirect attitudes (oneself, F2,2626 = 47.1, P &lt; .001; teammates, F2,2623 = 40.9, P &lt; .0001). Peer concussion-education program participants discussed concussion more often with a teammate (F1,1396 = 13.96, P &lt; .0001) or athletic staff (F1,1396 = 6.62, P &lt; .001). Qualitative program analysis revealed both positive aspects of the PCEP and areas for improvement.

Conclusions
The PCEP showed promise in increasing concussion knowledge, intention to report concussion, reporting a teammate's concussion, and facilitating attitudinal changes that support reporting among student-athletes.
Higher Education Quality Assessment in Ethiopia: A Comparative Study
Authors: Wariyo L. Geleto 
Published: April 2020

<p>The major objective of this study was analyzing the Ethiopian Higher Education quality assessment model in line with another world. The total 46 key informants were purposively selected from the data sources of this study (Ethiopian public HEIs and the Ministry of Education) and interviewed. Document analysis was another instrument. Using descriptive qualitative research design, data were analyzed in themes qualitatively. Literatures describing the higher education quality assessment models were reviewed. The literature on the models of higher education quality assessment generally tends to converge to the general model of higher education quality assessment and tends to diverge from it while it adds many approaches to the dimensions. It is recommended that the Ethiopian system better to be governed by an independent agency that has strong international linkage, and the system should emphasize the need of stakeholders in quality assurance and assessment. Use of diversified methodologies and existence of explicit standards for resource utilization were recommended. Rigorous interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary peer reviews are strongly recommended in this study.</p>
Assessment of methane emission traits in ewes using a laser methane detector: genetic parameters and impact on lamb weaning performance
Authors: Reintke Jessica , Brügemann Kerstin , Yin Tong , Engel Petra , Wagner Henrik , Wehrend Axel , König Sven 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to derive individual
methane (CH4) emissions in ewes separated in CH4 respiration and eructation
traits. The generated longitudinal CH4 data structure was used to estimate
phenotypic and genetic relationships between ewe CH4 records and energy
efficiency indicator traits from same ewes as well as from their lambs
(intergenerational perspective). In this regard, we recorded CH4 emissions
via mobile laser methane detector (LMD) technique, body weight (EBW),
backfat thickness (BFT) and body condition score (BCS) from 330 ewes (253
Merinoland (ML), 77 Rhön sheep (RH)) and their 629 lambs (478 ML, 151 RH). The interval between repeated measurements (for ewe traits and lamb
body weight (LBW)) was 3 weeks during lactation. For methane
concentration (µL L−1) determinations in the exhaled air, we
considered short time measurements (3 min). Afterwards, CH4 emissions
were portioned into a respiration and eructation fraction, based on a double
normal distribution. Data preparation enabled the following CH4 trait
definitions: mean CH4 concentration during respiration and eructation
(CH4r+e), mean CH4 concentration during respiration (CH4r), mean CH4
concentration during eructation (CH4e), sum of CH4 concentrations per minute
during respiration (CH4rsum), sum of CH4 concentrations per minute during
eructation (CH4esum), maximal CH4 concentration during respiration
(CH4rmax), maximal CH4 concentration during eructation (CH4emax), and
eructation events per minute (CH4event). Large levels of ewe CH4 emissions
representing energy losses were significantly associated with lower LBW
(P<0.05), lower EBW (P<0.01) and lower BFT (P<0.05). For genetic parameter estimations, we
applied single- and multiple-trait animal models. Heritabilities and additive
genetic variances for CH4 traits were small, i.e., heritabilities in the
range from <0.01 (CH4r+e, CH4r, CH4rmax, CH4esum) to 0.03
(CH4rsum). We estimated negative genetic correlations between CH4 traits and
EBW in the range from −0.44 (CH4r+e) to −0.05 (CH4rsum). Most of the CH4
traits were genetically negatively correlated with BCS (−0.81 for CH4esum)
and with BFT (−0.72 for CH4emax), indicating same genetic mechanisms for CH4
output and energy efficiency indicators. Addressing the intergenerational
aspect, genetic correlations between CH4 emissions from ewes and LBW ranged
between −0.35 (CH4r+e) and 0.01 (CH4rsum, CH4rmax), indicating that
breeding on reduced CH4 emissions (especially eructation traits) contribute
to genetic improvements in lamb weaning performance.
Presence of Mycotoxins in Feed and Dairy Products of Cattle in Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Navarro Rodrigo Barros , Almeida Rodrigo de , Pozza Magali Soares dos Santos , Bánkuti Ferenc Istvan , Itavo Camila Brandão Celeste Ferreira , Scheneeberger Cibele , Dias Alexandre Menezes , Vital Ana Carolina , Santos Geraldo Tadeu Dos 
Published: April 2020

Milk contamination by mycotoxins is considered a public health problem. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify these contaminants in concentrates and in the milk from 31 high-producing herds. Only two of the 55 concentrate samples analyzed showed the presence of aflatoxin G1 (AFG1, 3.2 and 3.6 μg·kg-1). AFM1 was detected in 93.5% of the 62 milk samples analyzed with a range from 0.045 to 0.442 μg·L-1. All of the AFM1 concentrations were below the maximum limit tolerated (0.5 μg·kg-1) by the Brazilian Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). There was no difference in AFM1 contamination levels for both sampling periods (summer and winter). In conclusion, the AFM1 contamination in animal feed and, consequently, in milk is within the limits tolerated by ANVISA for Brazil (≤ 0.5 μg·kg-1). Furthermore, no season effect on AFM1 levels was found.
La división de los roles de género en las parejas en las que solo trabaja la mujer en Estados Unidos y España
Authors: García Román Joan 
Published: April 2020

Las parejas en las que solo trabaja la mujer son inusuales y representan una asignación atípica de roles en el hogar. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las parejas en las que solo trabaja la mujer y su división de los roles de género en Estados Unidos y España.
Este estudio revela que estas parejas son más igualitarias que otros tipos de parejas y que esta tipología de pareja ha cambiado significativamente en España, mientras que sus características permanecen más estables en Estados Unidos. Se observa una inversión en la brecha de género en Estados Unidos en cuanto al tiempo dedicado al trabajo doméstico. En España no hay inversión, y las mujeres siguen haciendo más tareas domésticas, incluso cuando son el único miembro empleado de la pareja.