bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrien Digestibility of Laying Quail at Different Sexes Treated With Papaya Leaves In Ration
Authors: Has Hamdan , Indi Amiluddin , Napirah Astriana , Baa La Ode , Syamsuddin  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Quails were high-productivity poultry, the use of feed containing certain enzymes such as papaya leaves thought to increase the nutrient digestibility of quails, besides that gender is also thought to affect nutrient digestibility. This study used 60 laying age quail (± 16 weeks age) consisting of 30 males and 30 females. corn, rice bran, layer concentrate and papaya leaf flour used as ration composition. This study used a completely randomized design of six treatments and five replication, the treatment consisted of the level of papaya leaves (PL) in rations distributed to different sexes, the treatments were P1 (0% PL: female quail), P2 (0% PL: male quail ), P3 (3% PL: female quail), P4 (3% PL: male quail) P5 (6% PL: female quail) and P6 (6% PL: male quail). Data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and further tested using the Duncan multiple range tests, the variables observed were dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, and protein digestibility. The results showed that papaya leaf flour at level 3% did not affect (P > 0.05) on digestibility (dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, protein digestibility) compared to control but the use of papaya leaf flour at the level of 6% can significantly reduce nutrient digestibility (P <0.05). The sex of quails does not give the influence (P> 0.05) on nutrient digestibility. This study concluded that the use of PL in rations at levels above 3% can reduce nutrient digestibility.
Response of goat fed ammoniated local feed and urea palm sugar block
Authors: Kaunang Charles L. , Pudjihastuti Endang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractForages, such as corn straw andB. muticagrass as a single feed of livestock, only meet the basic needs of livestock. Low quality forage results in inadequate mineral requirements in the body of livestock, causing mineral deficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to afford an additional feed or supplements as a complement. Local feed in the form ofB. muticaand corn straw are forages available throughout the year in large enough quantities; however, they have several limitations such as low nutritional and biological value. Through ammoniating technology, it is expected that these forages can improve their quality. Urea Palm Sugar Block (UPSB) is a modified feed mixture, consisting of several feed ingredients such as palm sugar, urea, rice bran, oil cake, minerals and salt, which are processed and pressed into blocks. Palm sugar is used in animal feed as a Readily Available Carbohydrate (RAC), functioning as a carbon skeleton, while urea serves as a source of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) for rumen microbial protein synthesis. The purpose of this research is to study the response of goats fed ammoniated local feed and UPSB. The data obtained were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 8 replications. The parameters observed were the consumption of dry matter intake, daily weight gain and blood metabolic status. The results show that the R3 treatment provided an optimal response of goat fed by ammoniated local feed and UPSB.
Effect Of Symbiotic Flour (Lactobacillus Sp. And FOS) To The Egg Quality And Performance Of Laying Hens
Authors: Sjofjan O. , Natsir M. H. , Adli D. N. , Adelina D. D. , Triana L. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The research was to determine the effect of feeding symbiotic flour (Lactobacillus sp. and FOS) to the egg quality and performance of laying hens. The research was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates. The materials used for this research were 100 laying hens (30 weeks old). The treatments used for the research were dietary feed consisted of T0 (basal feed), T1 (basal feed + 0.2% symbiotic), T2 (basal feed + 0.4% symbiotic), T3 (basal feed + 0.6% symbiotic), and T4 (basal feed+0.8% symbiotic). The observed parameters were performance (feed intake, hen day production, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, income over feed cost (IOFC)) and egg quality (haugh unit, albumin volume, egg yolk volume, egg yolk color, egg yolk cholesterol content). The data analysis was the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that using the symbiotic flour (Lactobacillus sp. and FOS) in the feed has significant difference (P<0.05) on IOFC and egg yolk volume, while also had significantly difference (P<0.01) on performance (feed intake, egg mass, feed conversion ratio) and egg quality (albumin volume, egg yolk color, and cholesterol). The research concludes that the addition of 0.8% probiotic flour (Lactobacillus sp.) as feed additive showed the best results.
Reducing Negative Effect of Heat Stress In Broiler Through Nutritional And Feeding Strategy
Authors: Rahman  , Hidayat Cecep 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The broiler is the main meat supplier in Indonesia. The consequences of a tropical country, Indonesia has a high ambient temperature. High ambient temperature in the tropical country is one of the main factors which resulted in broiler exposed by heat stress. One of the important ways to reduce heat stress impact in broiler is through the nutritional and feeding strategy. The objective of the recent study is to review the ways of reducing the negative effect of heat stress in broiler through a nutritional and feeding strategy. The result of the study resulted that heat stress has many negative effects on production performance, health, physiology, reproductive profile, physiological response, and immune response of broiler. These many negative effects of heat stress can be an obstacle in meat chicken production in Indonesia. Therefore, it is important to promote the ways of minimizing the negative effect of heat stress as part of ways to support improving production efficiency in broiler production. It has been concluded that there are several nutritional and feeding strategies that promote to reduce the negative effect of heat stress in the broiler. There are several ways to reduce heat stress in the broiler, i.e., applying wet feeding, free-choice feeding, diurnal feeding patterns, and feeding coarser diets, the use of feed additive, vitamin, mineral, and antioxidant.
Nutrient content of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) regrowth I in different fertilizers and lighting
Authors: Suwignyo B. , Izzati F. , Astuti A. , Rini E. A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research was conducted to study the effect of fertilizer types and photoperiod on the nutrient content of regrowth I on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). The variables measured were nutrient content i.e dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and crude fat (CF). The research applied statistical analysis Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial pattern 5x3 and t-test. If it resulted in a significant effect, it was continued with Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT). The first factor was types of fertilizer consisted of P0=control, P1=green fertilizer and dolomite, P2=manure, green fertilizer and dolomite, P3=dolomite, and P4=green fertilizer® and dolomite. The second factor was the photoperiod consisted of C0=12 h, C1=16 h, and C3=20 h. The results showed that the fertilizer types treatments were significantly affected (P<0,05) regrowth I DM, and regrowth I CF. While photoperiod treatment were significantly affected (P<0,05) regrowth I DM, regrowth I OM, and regrowth I CF. The interaction between the types of fertilizer and photoperiod treatment was significantly affected (P<0,05) regrowth I DM and CF. Based on research results, it can be concluded that the types of green fertilizer from PIAT and dolomite to produce the nutrient content regrowth I was the highest, resulting in 22,18% DM, 29,32% CP, 9,38% CF respectively. The nutrient content of regrowth I that produce the highest results of photoperiod was 12 h = 28,80% CP, 16 h = 20,92% DM, 20 h = 89,38% OM, 9,16% CF.
In vitro gas production kinetics as influenced by combination of Acacia magium, Swietenia mahagoni and Artocarpus heterophyllus as tannin source
Authors: Anas M. A. , Muhlisin  , Bachruddin Z. , Yusiati L. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Acacia mangium, Swietenia mahagoni, and Artocarpus heterophyllus commonly used in ruminant feeding practices and which contains CT with potential to reduce CH4 emissions and improve feed protein utilization. This study was aimed to determine the effect of combination of Acacia mangium, Swietenia mahagoni, and Artocarpus heterophyllus as a tannin source on in vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics. The combination leaves consists of Swietenia mahagoni (40%), Acacia mangium (30%), and Artocarpus heterophyllus (30%). The levels of combination leaves which used were 0%, 50%, and 100% as forage sources (60%) and concentrate 40%. Feed fermentation was conducted using Menke and Steingass gas production technique for 48 hours. Kinetic of gas production was analyzed using the Fit Curve program. Data obtained were analyzed using one way ANOVA, and continued by DMRT. The results showed that the gas production from soluble fractions (a) was affected by the treatment. Gas production from the potentially degraded fraction (b) did not different between control and treatment (P>0.05). The potential extent of gas production (a+b) decreased significantly (P<0.05) at 50% combination leaves. The gas production rate (c) did not affected (P<0.05) by combination leaves. Inclusion of 50% of combination leaves in the diet could reduce rumen gas production, the soluble fraction (a) and the potentially degraded fraction (b).
Effectiveness of Maltodextrin as a Coating in Microencapsulation of Clove Leaves Oil (Syzygium aromaticum) for Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Nurliana L , Kurniawati D , Kadir LA , Dewi F , Musta R , Nurjana  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Clove leaves oil is potential oil used as antibacterial such as Escherichia coli. However, clove leaves oil has several disadvantages, including being easily oxidized and volatile. In order to overcome this problem a microencapsulation process is carried out. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of clove leaves oil and the results of microencapsulation as an antibacterial E. coli. Clove leaves oil was isolated using water-steam distillation. Furthermore, the obtained essential oil was microcapsulated by spray-drying method. Microencapsulation results were characterized using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) to determine the morphology of the produced material. The SEM results indicate that the resulting microcapsules are rounded shape, which shows that the formed microcapsules have not fully developed. The results of the activity test by using clove leaves oil as an antibacterial E. coli denoted a inhibitory zone diameter was 15.2 mm, while the oil was microencapsulated with a coating ratio of 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10, 1:12 produces inhibitory zones 9.9; 11.3; 12.9; 14.8 and 17.5 mm, respectively. Results of statistical tests indicate that antibacterial activity of clove leaves oil is 100 % significantly different from the comparative microencapsulation activity 1:4 with tvalue = 11.30>ttab = 9.93. Ratio microcapsul 1:6; 1:8; 1:10 and 1:12 having activities that were no different from clove leaves oil 100% and were showed by tvalue 8.65; 4.25; 0.76; 2.62, respectively < ttab = 9.93 on the confidence level α = 0,01; df =2. Thus it can be stated that minimum ratio of maltodextrin to clove leaves oil that can be used as a coating is a microcapsule ratio of 1: 6.
The plankton abundance fluctuation in traditional ponds by the use of organic fertilizer from poultry manure
Authors: Yusnaini  , Nur I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Fertilizer is required to fertilize the soil and water in order to develop natural food for fish such as klekap and plankton. The aim of this research is to investigate the fluctuation of plankton abundance by the use of organic fertilizer from poultry manure. The research was carried out in ponds in Mondoe Village, South Konawe Regency, Souteast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Chicken manure (1.5 tons) was composted through a fermentation process with the addition of fermented liquid 100 litre consisting of commercial probiotics, sugar and water (ratio 1: 1: 100) given in two stages with an interval of two-three days (volume 70% and 30%). Fermentation occurs in an-aerobic condition where organic matter was covered with plastic. Fertilizer was ready to be used after being aerated and kept about a month. The two hectare pond was given fertilizer, then after pond soil and water had shown discoloration as a sign of growing klekap and plankton, cultured organisms (100,000 vaname shrimp juveniles) were stocked. Water quality parameters were measured every month for three times including the species and abundance of plankton, diversity and evenness index, as well as physical and chemical parameters of water. The highest density of plankton was accounted for by Chaetoceros, followed by Oscillatoria and Protoperidinium. The diversity index for the plankton (H) ranged between 0.718 and 1.712 cell.L-1 across monthly sampling, while the evenness index (E) ranged between 0.327 and 0.714 cell.L-1. Plankton abundance increased very sharply in the second month to (21,332 cell.L-1) and provided a source of nutrition for shrimps to grow.The results show that chicken manure compost supports the growth of plankton as well as the growth of shrimp.
Selection of cow buffalo and its effect on reproductive characteristic of swamp buffalo
Authors: Nafiu La Ode , Saili Takdir , Bain Ali , Nasiu Firman , Abadi Musram , Badaruddin Rusli 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to understand the effect of cow buffalo selection on the characteristic of the reproduction of swamp buffalo. It was conducted in the center of buffalo development in District Bombana, South-east Sulawesi Indonesia. In this research, 65 heads of cow buffalo were used (aged 3-9 years), divided into two groups including (1) selected cow buffalo as many as 28 heads, and (2) unselected cow buffalo as many as 37 heads. Selected cow buffaloes had a higher body condition score (BCS), shoulder height, and body weight (fulfilling minimum requirements). The mating system was conducted through artificial insemination (AI). Before holding AI, all the cow buffaloes accepted the estrus synchronization by using the single dose of PGF2α (Capriglandin®Inj) hormone as much 5 ml/head. The result of the study demonstrated that the selection of cow buffalo could improve the reproductive characteristic of buffalo such as increasing estrus response and pregnant rate and shortening calving interval. Finally, the researcher recommends that farmers could utilize BCS, shoulder height and body weight as the criteria of selection to grow the animal production.
Estrous response of Etawah Crossbred does on estrous synchronization using the prostaglandin f2α based protocol
Authors: Atmoko B A , Bintara S , Maharani D , Ibrahim A , Budisatria I G S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Prostaglandin F2α is one protocol that is widely used in estrous synchronization programs for livestock. The aim of this study was to determine the estrous response of Etawah Crossbred does on estrous synchronization using a 1ml of prostaglandin F2α. 1ml of prostaglandin F2α (LutalizeTM
) with 11 days interval was injected to each of nine selected Etawah Crossbred does aged above 3-year-old, with parity more than twice, and did not pregnant. The goats were individually housed at Faculty of Animal Science of Universitas GajahMada (UGM) with average body weight, BCS, DM intake, and TDN of 41.15±8.31 kg, 3, 685.98±287.52 gr/head/day and 393.33±180.41 gr/head/day, respectively. Estrous responses observed were changes in vulva size (length and width), pH, color, presence of mucus, and behavior which was observed before injection (0h) and after the 2nd injection at 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h. Data were analyzed in descriptive quantitative and one-way ANOVA followed by DMRT. Changes in vulva length did not differ, but the width and pH vulva were significantly different (P <0.05) at Oh, 12h with 24h, 36h and 48 h. The pattern was similar to that which occurred in vulva discoloration, the presence of mucus and behavioral changes whose scoring values tended to increase at 12h, 24h, 36h and 48h after 2nd injection, except for the vulva color which decreased in the 48h.. It can be concluded that the injection of 1ml of prostaglandin F2α with 11d interval could cause estrous in Etawah crossbred does after 24h.
Response of Bali cows on superovulation for in-vivo embryo production
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Hasbi  , Toleng Abd.Latief , Sonjaya Herry , Sahiruddin  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to know the response of Bali cows on superovulation for embryo production. A total of two Bali cows (BC1 and BC2) obtained and selected from smallholder farms were used in the present study. These cows were selected based on good general health, body condition score, and reproductive organ. The cow that absent of health disorder and body injury as well as had a body condition score of 6 or 7 were subsequently subjected for reproductive organ examination. The cow that did not have any reproductive organ disorder was then examined using ultrasound for ovaries. Those cows that have a number of follicles at the ovary(es) with or without corpus luteum were selected as donors. The cows were superovulated using hormones and inseminated artificially at a fixed time. Embryos were flushed at day-seven after insemination. Parameters measured were 1) response of Bali cows on superovulation treatment; 2) the number of embryos at each ovary; 3) the quality of embryos, and 4) embryo development stage. The results of this study showed that Bali cows were responded to superovulation. After first superovulation, BC1 produced five follicles; one in the left ovary and four in the right ovary. On the other hand, BC2 produced seven follicles; two in the left ovary and five in the right ovary. It can be concluded that Bali cows responded to superovulation.
Effect of fermented peanuts shells in ration on productive performance of super local chicken aged 7 to 10 weeks
Authors: Aka Rahim , Nuraini  , Ba’a La Ode , Zulkarnain Deki , Abadi Musram , Salido WaLaili , Hidayah  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to understand the effect of the use of fermented peanuts shells in feed on the productive performance of super local chicken aged 7 to 10 weeks. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and 4 replications. Treatments were P0 = ration without fermented peanuts shelled, P1 = ration containing 2% of fermented peanut shells, P2 = ration containing 4% of fermented peanuts shells, and P3 = ration containing 6% of fermented peanut shells. Each experimental unit consisted of 5 super-local chicken. The parameters measured were feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) according to CRD and if there were differences between treatments then it will be tested by using the Duncan test. The results indicated that the using of fermented peanuts shells in feed has no significant effect (P>0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion of super local chicken. Based on the results of this study, it could be stated that fermented peanuts shells can be used up to 6% in feed to substitute rice bran.
Reproduction Diversity of female local buffalo on the condition of smallholder farms in the eastern Seunagan sub-district of Nagan Raya district
Authors: Sari Eka Meutia , Mutawali  , Abdullah Mohd AgusNashri 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the female buffalo reproductive characteristics in eastern Seunagan sub-district of Nagan Raya district. This research used survey method in five villages within eastern Seunagan sub-district, namely: Lhok Pange, Sawang Manee, Tuwi Meuleusong and Blang Gedong. Fourty respondents of buffalo breeders were selected based on purposive sampling methods, with the minimum requirement of the breeders having experience more than one year and keeping two productive buffalos which had given birth twice. Data collection was done by interview and discussion techniques. The parameters observed were: (a) the age of the first mated; (b) the age of having the first calf; (c) calving interval and (d) the weaning period. The data obtained were processed and the average was calculated and then descended and described descriptively. The results showed that the reproduction characteristics of female buffalo in the eastern Seunagan sub-district of Nagan Raya district were good enough. The age of the first mated was at 39 months, while the age of having the first calf was at 53.4 months with calving interval 20.47 months and the weaning periods was 14.67 months. Extensive livestock raising systems were 90%, with only 10% of farmers raising semi-intensive livestock.
Characterization and typology of goat production systems in West Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Rahadi S , Kusumawati E D , Kuswati  , Isnaini N , Hakim L , Ciptadi G , Susilawati T , Nurgiartiningsih V M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Goat farming is one of the important activities for the community in West Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, that contributes to the social and economic development of this region. The present study aimed at characterizing the goat farming and its typology. The study was conducted in West Muna Regency with the land area of ± 906.28 km2 or ± 90.628 ha. Fifty-five goat farmers were surveyed. The collected data related to the production method and the farm characteristics covering six main topics, namely a) education, b) labor number, c) goat size and structure, d) facility and equipment, e) feed management and grazing, and f) breed. The data were analyzed descriptively using percentages for each observed variable. The result of the study could classify the goat production system in West Muna Regency as a family system and as one of the subsystems, with the average ownership was six goats. The farming mostly is done using an intensive method (76.36%) with traditional housing technology and low feeding technology application. The study found that farmers’ educational background was low; also, there was no investment and technical assistance for developing goat farming in this region. Thus, it is necessary to conduct an economic study to find out the economic status of the business. It is suggested to establish a farmer association and provide technical assistance to enhance business productivity.
Institutional Development for Cooperative Sustainability of Beef Cattle
Authors: Nalefo La 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A case study on the impact of institutional development for the sustainability of project participants (sustainability project) has been conducted on the asset of Initial Fund Equivalent (MAP), which is facilitated by Cooperative Ministry and UKM of Indonesian Republic in Ahuhu, Wawotobi district, Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The study was conducted through a survey of 12 farmer groups by interviewing 60 project participants from members of the group. The result showed that the farmers’ institutional performance as project participant are very low. This is evidenced by the low level of respondent participation in group activities related to counseling, project management, and livestock development. One impact of the weak performance of the participant project is the inability of the farmer groups to develop economic institution community-based to assist the development of farmer livestock. This study proves that one of the causes does not the formation of farmers’ economic institutions which can take over the project management according to the original plan due to lack of government attention to institutional development of farmer groups as a coaching container of project participants.