bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current art of combination therapy with autologous platelet‐rich plasma for stable vitiligo: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Jianguo , Wan Yingying , Lin Yan , Jiang Haiyue 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPresently, there is an explosion in various uses of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP). Several trials comparing combination therapy with PRP vs monotherapy for vitiligo have been published. However, evidence‐based information is not enough for making well‐informed decisions. This study aimed to evaluate several combination therapy strategies for vitiligo. EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials comparing combination therapy with PRP vs monotherapy for vitiligo. Eleven studies with 670 cases were included. Compared with monotherapy, clinical improvement of repigmentation was significantly higher in 308‐nm excimer laser combined with PRP (odds rate for response rate of 50%‐100% repigmentation, 4.47; 95% CI, 2.47‐8.10; P < .00001) and in fractional carbon dioxide laser combined with PRP (mean difference for mean improvement grades of repigmentation, 1.61; 95% CI, 0.24‐2.99; P = .02), respectively. Compared to monotherapy, there is no higher clinical improvement in strategies of PRP combined with narrowband‐ultraviolet B or non‐cultured epidermal cell suspension. Trivial adverse events were reported. This meta‐analysis summarises current evidence that PRP combined with 308‐nm excimer laser or fractional carbon dioxide laser is effective and safe for vitiligo. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of several combination therapy strategies with PRP in the treatment of vitiligo. The response rate of repigmentation and mean improvement grades of repigmentation were mainly used for qualitative assessment. PRP combined with 308‐nm excimer laser or fractional carbon dioxide laser is effective and safe for vitiligo due to its healing and regenerative properties.
Effect of deficit irrigation scheduling and planting pattern on leaf water status and radiation use efficiency of winter wheat
Authors: Zhou Xun Bo , Yang Li , Wang Guo Yun , Zhao Yun Xiong , Wu Hai Yan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDrought and water shortages have always been great challenges for agricultural production in the North China Plain. To explore appropriate irrigation regimes and planting patterns in this area, a field experiment was conducted for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from 2014 to 2016. Three irrigation treatments of 50 mm irrigation at growth stage of jointing (GS34) and heading (GS48, W1), 100 mm irrigation at GS34 (W2) and 100 mm irrigation at GS34 and GS48 (W3) combined with uniform (U), double–double (DD) and furrow‐ridge (F) planting patterns were designed. The tillers number, leaf water status, spike characteristics and radiation use efficiency (RUE) were measured. Results showed that compared with W2, W3 significantly reduced leaf abscisic acid (ABA) content and increased tillers number, spikelets spike−1, yield components and RUE, while W1 produced more tillers number, leaf relative water content (LRWC) and water potential (Lψ) only in the late growth stage, yield components and RUE. The DD significantly increased tillers number, LRWC, Lψ, leaf osmotic potential, spike length, spikes m−2, grains spike−1 and RUE, and reduced the ABA content compared with U. Considering the serious water shortage in the North China Plain, 50 mm irrigation at jointing and heading stages combined with DD is a worthy cultivation measure for sustainable agriculture at water‐deficit condition.
Nurses’ knowledge, skills and personal attributes for competent health education practice: An instrument development and psychometric validation study
Authors: Pueyo‐Garrigues María , Pardavila‐Belio Miren Idoia , Whitehead Dean , Esandi Nuria , Canga‐Armayor Ana , Elosua Paula , Canga‐Armayor Navidad 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo develop and psychometrically test the Nurse Health Education Competence Instrument for assessing nurses’ knowledge, skills and personal attributes concerning competent health education practice.DesignA psychometric instrument development and validation study.MethodsA four‐step approach was used: Step 1) operational definition based on an up‐to‐date concept analysis and experts’ judgement; step 2) item generation and content validation by expert panel and target population; step 3) item analysis based on acceptability, internal consistency and face validity; and step 4) psychometric evaluation based on construct validity, criterion validity, internal consistency and stability, conducted from January ‐February 2019 with 458 hospital‐care nurses.ResultsThe operational framework and expert groups showed good content validity, resulting in the first version. From the initial 88‐item pool, 58 items were retained after item analysis. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three scales concerning the cognitive (three‐factor solution with 23 items), psychomotor (two‐factor solution with 26 items) and affective‐attitudinal (one‐factor solution with nine items) competency domains, which respectively accounted for 58%, 53% and 54% of the variance. Known‐group study demonstrated significant differences by years working in the service and training received in health education, providing evidence for the measure's sensitivity. The three scales correlated positively with the criterion variable. Overall Cronbach alphas for the cognitive, psychomotor and affective‐attitudinal scales were 0.95, 0.95 and 0.90, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients were >0.70.ConclusionsThe newly developed Nurse Health Education Competence Instrument is an original and tested self‐reporting psychometric tool, being the first to identify nurses’ knowledge, skills and attributes necessary for planning and assessing health education practice competency.ImpactThe instrument permits measurable insights into nurses’ perceptions regarding their health education competence and related educational needs. This study provides a valid and specific learning tool that is appropriate to use both in clinical practice and in nursing education programmes.
The nurse in the mirror: Image of the female nurse during the Italian fascist period
Authors: Piervisani Loredana , Palombo Antonella , Albanesi Beatrice , Rocco Gennaro , Stasi Serenella , Vellone Ercole , Alvaro Rosaria 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo describe the image of the female Licensed Nurse in Italy as promoted by the Fascist party from 1939–1943 and to understand how gender stereotypes influenced the construction of this image.DesignMixed methods design.MethodThe study started in 2016 and ended in 2019. In the qualitative phase, the primary source was analysis, following Chabod's historical method (2012), while the quantitative phase involved statistical analysis of textual data.Data sourcesAll data came from the only nursing category magazine of the time: ‘L'Infermiera Italiana’ (The Italian Nurse), published from 1939–1943.ResultsFrom 112 articles analysed, the gradual elevation of the nurse emerged, including the partial replacement of ‘old’ nurses with Graduate Nurses. The analysis shows the maturation in structure, differentiation and specification, together with the birth of a new professional image. The accepted image of the nurse was now a woman of high moral character with religious ideals, but less known for her technical skills, an exception being the Visiting Health Assistant who functioned at a high level in the society.ConclusionsThe study shows an articulated, congruent and cohesive set of dimensions through which to review history and to understand the dynamics underlying the structuring of the nurse's professional image.ImpactA better understanding of the dynamics behind the development of the professional image will guide present and future actions on gender stereotypes and their negative effects on the safety and quality of nursing care. International synergies and alliances are required.
Professional judgement in clinical practice (part 2): knowledge into practice
Authors: Mugerauer Robert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRationale, Aims, and ObjectivesThough strong evidence‐based medicine is assertive in its claims, an insufficient theoretical basis and patchwork of arguments provide a good case that rather than introducing a new paradigm, EBM is resisting a shift to actually revolutionary complexity theory and other emergent approaches. This refusal to pass beyond discredited positivism is manifest in strong EBM's unsuccessful attempts to continually modify its already inadequate previous modifications, as did the defenders of the Ptolemaic astronomical model who increased the number of circular epicycles until the entire epicycle‐deferent system proved untenable.MethodsNarrative Review.ResultsThe analysis in Part 1 of this three part series showed epistemological confusion as strong EBM plays the discredited positivistic tradition out to the end, thus repeating in a medical sphere and vocabulary the major assumptions and inadequacies that have appeared in the trajectory of modern science. Paper 2 in this series examines application, attending to strong EBM's claim of direct transferability of EBM research findings to clinical settings and its assertion of epistemological normativity. EBM's contention that it provides the “only valid” approach to knowledge and action is questioned by analyzing the troubled story of proposed hierarchies of the quality of research findings (especially of RCTs, with other factors marginalized), which falsely identifies evaluating findings with operationally utilizing them in clinical recommendations and decision‐making. Further, its claim of carrying over its normative guidelines to cover the ethical responsibilities of researchers and clinicians is questioned.
Impact of heritable disorders of connective tissue on daily life of children: Parent perspectives
Authors: Wesley Alison , Bray Paula , Munns Craig F , Pacey Verity 
Published: November 2020

AimThe aim of this study was to investigate parent perspectives on how heritable disorders of connective tissue (HDCT) affect a child's everyday life. In addition, this study aimed to determine if parents seeking health professional services perceive their children with HDCT to have difficulties with activities reliant on hand function.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used a questionnaire for parents to explore the impact of an HDCT on a child's ability to carry out everyday activities. Parents of children (8–18 years) attending a tertiary connective tissue dysplasia clinic, over a 12‐month period, were invited to participate.ResultsWe analysed 100 surveys completed by parents. Children with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome‐hypermobile type, joint hypermobility syndrome (48%) and osteogenesis imperfecta (42%) were the largest diagnostic groups represented. Pain (73%) and fatigue (68%) were the most common symptoms parents perceived to affect day‐to‐day activities. More parents were satisfied with their child's self‐care (61%) than school participation (33%). Keeping up with handwriting (71%) and gross motor activities (70%) were the most frequently reported difficulties at school. Most parents (65%) reported leisure activity difficulties, with pain (64%) and fatigue (60%) as the main contributing factors.ConclusionsThis study has provided new knowledge about the concerns of parents with their child's engagement in everyday life including the impact of HDCT on hand function. Further research is needed on effective management strategies to reduce symptoms and improve hand function for these children.
Annual Cycle of Mat‐Forming Filamentous Alga Tribonema cf. minus (Stramenopiles, Xanthophyceae) in Hydro‐Terrestrial Habitats in the High Arctic Revealed By Multiparameter Fluorescent Staining
Authors: Jimel Matouš , Kvíderová Jana , Elster Josef 
Published: November 2020

The filamentous microalga Tribonema sp. (Stramenopiles, Xanthophyceae) plays an important role in shallow water polar (streams and seepages) and seasonally cold habitats in temperate regions (ponds). In these habitats, freezing and desiccation, and thus freeze–thawing and drying–rewetting cycles, are frequent. These regions produce visible biomass and are important components of low temperature‐adapted communities. We characterized the annual cycles of a Tribonema cf. minus population in two habitats (seepage and stream) in the High Arctic, Svalbard. Seasonality, locality, and their combination (particularly changing environmental conditions) together with cultivation conditions of strains significantly affected their morphological characteristics. Morphological changes following hardening processes related to preparation for the winter period (transition from vegetative cells to akinete and/or pre‐akinete) were recorded. Over the year, positive water temperatures (warmest 13.3°C) occurred for 5 months while negative (lowest temperature was –17.4°C) lasted for 7 months. In winter, there were two melt periods. Vitality staining protocol showed a high number of viable (77.4% and 53.8%) and dormant cells (1.7% and 4.1%; capable of growth and reproduction once suitable conditions return) in the winter seepage and stream, respectively. NPQ and OJIP chlorophyll fluorescence parameters revealed several hours recovery of photosynthesis (both field and control samples). During recovery, only minor or mild stress on photosynthesis was detected. FV/FM values (the photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II in a dark‐adapted state) in all field and control samples varied around 0.4. Tribonema cf. minus is capable of surviving winter Arctic conditions (perennial strategy).
Pediatric HCT in Florida (2014 ‐2016): A report from the FPBCC
Authors: Chellapandian Deepak , Sunkersett Gauri , Oshrine Benjamin , Galvez Silva Jorge , Ziga Edward , Alperstein Warren , Joyce Michael , Katzenstein Howard , Godder Kamar , Castillo Paul , Barredo Julio , Fort John , Shaw Peter H. , Nieder Michael L. , Cline Jessica , Yang Fan , Horn Biljana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFPBCC was formed in 2018 by five pediatric transplant programs in Florida. One of the key objectives of the consortium is to provide outcome analyses by combining HCT data from all the participating centers in order to identify areas for improvement. In this first FPBCC landscape report we describe the patient and transplant characteristics of pediatric patients undergoing first allo and auto HCT between 2014 and 2016 in Florida. The source of data was eDBtC of the CIBMTR. Over the span of 3 years, a total of 230 pediatric patients underwent allo‐HCT and 104 underwent auto‐HCT at the participating centers. The most significant predictor of survival in allo‐HCT recipients with malignant disorders was the degree of HLA‐ match, while in the recipients of allo‐HCT with non‐malignant disorders the predictors of survival included age, donor relationship and degree of HLA match. Our analyses identified the need to improve reporting of primary cause of death and improve on donor selection process given that the degree of HLA match remains the most important predictor of survival. This first FPBCC‐wide review describes the trends in pediatric HCT activity between 2014 and 2016 among the participating centers in Florida and confirms feasibility of using eDBtC data platform and collaborative approach in order to identify areas for improvement in outcomes.
Risk Analysis, Decision Analysis, Causal Analysis, and Economics: A Personal Perspective from More Than 40 years Experience
Authors: North D. Warner 
Published: November 2020

AbstractI entered the field of risk analysis forty years ago from a background in physics followed by doctoral training and experience in decision analysis. I came into the Society for Risk Analysis (SRA) after participating as a committee member in the 1983 National Academies report, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process. The insights and recommendations from this report, and successor reports from 1996 and 2008, merit revisiting on this 40th anniversary. Risk analysis includes risk assessment, a process of summarizing applicable science to inform decisions; and risk management, a process of making informed choices, usually involving multiple stakeholders. Inherent in both is the need to deal with complexity, uncertainty, and differing perspectives and goals. The lessons I have learned include the need for a conceptual separation of risk management from risk assessment, the benefit of an iterative dialogue between these activities, and the wisdom of articulating and assessing what we know, what we want, and what we can do as we seek to understand and manage risks affecting ourselves and those we advise.
Risk Assessment of Glyphosate Exposures from Pilot Study with Simulated Heavy Residential Consumer Application of Roundup® using a Margin of Safety (MOS) Approach
Authors: Kougias Daniel G. , Miller Eric , McEwen Abigail , Reamer Heidi , Kovochich Michael , Pierce Jennifer 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDue to the widespread application of glyphosate, a nonselective herbicide, to a variety of resistant food crops, the general population is exposed to glyphosate through dietary intake. Despite this, dietary exposures to glyphosate are considered low in comparison to application‐related exposures. Although previous studies have evaluated exposure to horticultural and agricultural workers, to date only one study, which we recently conducted, has characterized exposure to glyphosate in consumers following heavy residential application of a glyphosate‐containing herbicide in a residential yard and garden setting. In this previous study, we demonstrated that urinary glyphosate concentrations in these applicators were similar to or in some circumstances greater than those in occupational applicators, likely due to the nature of the simulation study, which ensured a heavy application protocol. However, it is unknown whether these urinary glyphosate concentrations in consumer applicators correspond to internal doses that may be of concern. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive risk assessment of glyphosate exposure in consumer applicators using a margin of safety approach. Here, we incorporated data collected from multiple spot urine samples across time from our previous study that assessed consumer exposure to glyphosate from Roundup® application. Estimated internal doses, even with the use of conservative assumptions across unique approaches, were below internal doses estimated from established health‐based guidance values. Overall, this study demonstrates that glyphosate exposure from even heavy consumer application of a commercially available glyphosate‐containing herbicide does not appear to be a health concern.
A pilot study towards the immunological effects of omalizumab treatment used to facilitate oral immunotherapy in peanut‐allergic adolescents
Authors: van der Heiden Marieke , Nopp Anna , Brandström Josef , Carvalho‐Queiroz Claudia , Nilsson Caroline , Sverremark‐Ekström Eva 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAnti‐IgE treatments, such as omalizumab, have shown promising effects in allergy treatment. Our previous work has shown that individualized omalizumab treatment (OT) allows a safe initiation and rapid up‐dosing of peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) in peanut‐allergic adolescents. However, the broader immunological effects of this OT are incompletely understood. In this pilot study, we longitudinally followed the total B‐ and T‐cell immunity during OT, using flow cytometry, ELISpot and ELISA. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma were collected from participants (n = 17) at several timepoints during treatment, before starting OT (baseline), prior to starting OIT during OT (start OIT) and at maintenance dose OIT prior to OT reduction (maintenance). OT did not affect the total B‐cell compartment over treatment time, but our results suggest an association between the OT dosage scheme and the B‐cell compartment. Further, in vitro polyclonal T‐cell activation at the different timepoints suggests a cytokine skewing towards the Th1 phenotype at the expense of Th2‐ and Th9‐related cytokines during treatment. No differences in the frequencies or phenotype of regulatory T cells (Tregs) over treatment time were observed. Finally, plasma chemokine levels were stable over treatment time, but suggest elevated gut homing immune responses in treatment successes during the treatment as compared to treatment failures. The novel and explorative results of this pilot study help to improve our understanding on the immunological effects of OT used to facilitate OIT and provide guidance for future immunological investigation in large clinical trials.
Finding connection virtually through shared deep stories
Authors: Dorroll Courtney , Dorroll Phil 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the context of a global pandemic, techniques for remote instruction have become increasingly vital to undergraduate instruction. This essay discusses how synchronous virtual encounters can have a similar pedagogical impact as in‐person encounters by outlining specific methods of intercultural learning via Virtual Exchange Pedagogy (VEP), in which students in different locations interact with one another through structured online activities. This essay shares techniques used prior to the pandemic to connect undergraduate students in the American south to students in an urban setting in Egypt. VEP can facilitate successful intercultural learning by enabling students to share and discover the deep emotional narratives that structure their view of self and others, assisting participants to achieve empathic understanding between our students and their interlocutors, even while separated by great physical distances and never able to meet physically in person.
Strategies for writing a successful National Institutes of Health grant proposal for the early-career neurointerventionalist
Authors: Kan Peter , Mokin Maxim , Mack William J , Starke Robert M , Sheth Kevin N , Albuquerque Felipe C , Levitt Michael R 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveThe goal of this article is to provide a succinct review of the key components of a NIH grant application and the NIH reviewprocess for the early career neurointerventionalist.MethodsThe authors reviewed NIH rules and regulations and also reflected on their own collective experiencein writing NIH grant proposals in the area of cerebrovascular disease andneurointerventional surgery.ResultsKey components of theresearch strategy include specific aims, significance, innovation and approach.The specific aims page is the most important page of the application and should be written first. The NIH review isbased on these key components along with an assessment of the appropriatenessof the investigators and environment for the research.ConclusionDetailed knowledge ofthe key components of the research grant is critical to a successful application.The information in the article may aid in the grant writing for early careerneurointerventionalists.