bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arkan ad dawlé, Directeurs généraux, bureaucratie et survie de l’État pendant la guerre civile
Authors: France Pierre 
Published: April 2020

Alors que l’idée d’« État failli » est battue en brèche concernant le Liban depuis plusieurs années, la littérature n’a que peu exploré deux éléments à ce titre : un objet qu’est la bureaucratie libanaise, et une période qu’est celle de la guerre civile, pourtant associée d’ordinaire à la destruction de l’État et à la milicianisation de celui-ci. Cet article se propose de réétudier l’un et l’autre à partir de la figure du « directeur général » et d’un travail par entretiens et sur archives effectué au Liban de 2014 à 2019. « Patrons » des administrations avant-guerre, ces figures offrent prise à une réflexion croisée sur le devenir d’une figure sociale d’avant-guerre, particulièrement aux reconversions identitaires, à leur sens pratique en situation, et à la variabilité des capitaux qui leurs sont attachés ; sur les dynamiques structurelles qui peuvent amener à la nécessité du maintien d’une activité étatique dans la guerre ; sur les « déformations » de l’État, dans son architecture globale, son activité quotidienne, ses ressorts sociaux d’avant-guerre (clientélisme et patrimonialisme notamment) comme ses porosités à des acteurs extérieurs.
Désinvestir la mémoire : le cas d’étude du musée Beit Beirut
Authors: Reder Emeraude 
Published: April 2020

Cetarticle propose une étudedu processus de transformation de l’immeuble Barakat, symbole de la guerre civile libanaise, en un « musée de la mémoire de la ville de Beyrouth ». Il dresse un panorama des principaux acteurs (Municipalité de Beyrouth, Comité Scientifique du projet, représentants de la société civile libanaise etc.) et examine les luttes d’influence inhérentes au projet depuis sa création. Les travaux de réhabilitation, lancés en 2008 et achevés en 2016, ont souffert de multiples blocages politiques qui n’ont eu de cesse de fragiliser Beit Beirut. L’ensemble de ces blocages témoignent partiellement des difficultés à faire émerger un lieu de mémoire de la guerre civile au cœur de la capitale libanaise. Au-delà, ils mettent en lumière les défaillances des pouvoirs publics dans la mise en œuvre du projet. À ce jour, le musée qui n’est toujours pas ouvert de façon permanente est néanmoins réinvesti à l’initiative d’artistes, d’associations et organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG).
« On continuera la Bataille d’Alger ». Réactivation du passé et réactivité contestataire dans le mouvement démocratique algérien de 2019
Authors: Chena Salim 
Published: April 2020

Le 16 février 2019, à Kherrata, une grande marche populaire s’opposait au cinquième mandat brigué par A. Bouteflika. Ce mouvement démocratique s’est ensuite étendu à l’ensemble du territoire national. Cet article propose d’analyser comment celui-ci a pu durer plus d’un an, de manière pacifique, en revenant sur son recours à l’histoire nationale et sur la réactivité de ses slogans et revendications. Pour expliquer cette caractéristique, il procède par une étude de la place du hirak dans l’histoire de la contestation en Algérie et de sa sociologie.
Troyes/Augustobona, cité des Tricasses
Authors: Kasprzyk Michel , Roms Cédric , Delor-Ahü Anne , Driard Cyril 
Published: April 2020

Les interventions archéologiques des dix dernières années ont multiplié les fenêtres d’observation sur la ville antique d’Troyes/Augustobona. Elles semblent confirmer l’existence d’une agglomération de la fin de l’âge du Fer, attribuable au peuple de Sénons, antérieure à la ville augustéenne. Elles montrent le développement d’une trame urbaine orthonormée à la fin du règne d’Auguste dans laquelle les formes de l’occupation sont pour l’essentiel de tradition laténienne. La seconde moitié du ier s. voit la construction d’un probable sanctuaire périurbain et le développement de modes de construction de tradition méditerranéenne.
Comparison of tests to evaluate the vertical rebound jump in basketball players
Authors: Luna Yasmim Siqueira , Couto Bruno Pena , Cavalcante Margarida Deuza , Gonçalves Reginaldo , Szmuchrowski Leszek , Soares Ytalo Mota 
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to compare the vertical rebound jump performance of basketball players by using Hurdle Jump and Drop Jump tests based on different performance parameters, in addition to investigating whether the height of the hurdles used (barrier and box) are equivalent when the optimal and maximum heights for the tests mentioned are determined. Thirteen players of a male basketball team were included in this study (age 18.77 ±1.78 years old, height 182 ±7.97 m, body mass 76.4 ±9.55 kg, practice time 6.0 ±1.8 years). Data normality and homogeneity were tested by applying Shapiro-Wilk and Levene tests, respectively. The paired t-test was used to compare the means of the results obtained in the tests; the significance level was p ≤ 0.05. The results regarding the comparison of the performance parameters means were the following: the maximum vertical rebound jump and reactive strength index did not show significant differences (p = 0.256 and p = 0.243, respectively); on the other hand, differences were seen for the corresponding obstacle heights. These differences can be attributed to both, individual characteristics of each subject and the specificities of the tests.
Prediction of cardiorrespiratory fitness by screen time in schoolchildrens
Authors: De Oliveira Amanda , Guilherme Flávio Ricardo , Dos Santos Stevan Ricardo , Fávero Maria Teresa Martins , Guilherme Vânia Renata , Rinaldi Wilson 
Published: April 2020

The time spent in front of the screens, results in accumulations of sedentary behavior, which is related to health damages to adolescents, such as a low cardiorespiratory fitness. In this sense, this study aimed to predict cardiorespiratory fitness through screen time in schoolchildren. Cross-sectional study, as a sample composed of 2.764, of which 1.370 boys and 1.394 girls between 10 and 18 years old were the public school system of Paranavaí, Paraná, Brazil The self-report questionnaire was used to estimate screen time (ST) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) was estimated using the 20-meter multi-stage test, and to verify the predictive power of the screen time in relation to CF, the Roc curve was used. The results showed that screen time was considered a good predictor of cardiorespiratory fitness in boys (weekdays, weekends and all week), and in general (boys and girls) only for weekdays (Monday to Friday). In the survey, the screen time cut-off for boys on weekdays was 137 minutes (CI: 65-43), at weekends of 165 minutes (58-51) and general of 156 minutes (64-45). For the general sample (girls and boys), the cut bridge on weekdays was 142 minytes (64-44). For the girls the screen time had no predictive power (CI> 0.50) and consequently the cut-off point was not verified. Thus, it can be concluded that the screen time in boys and in general (only weekdays) was able to predict cardiorespiratory fitness and that this variable of easy application can be an important tool to predict CF in the school environment.
PREDIÇÃO DO TEMPO DE REALIZAÇÃO DE EXPERIMENTO EM FILTRO PRENSA: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DE DADOS EMPÍRICOS E TEÓRICOS
Authors: Barbosa dos Reis Arlete Barbosa , Ferreira Nunes Isabela , Almeida Rocha Bruna , Prado Alves Geovanina , Brumano Coelho Amaral Igor 
Published: April 2020

A filtração é um método de separação mecânica de partículas por meio do uso de um meio filtrante, com objetivo de dissociar partículas sólidas presentes em um líquido. Entre os tipos de filtração, destacam-se o filtro a vácuo e o filtro prensa, que possuem diferentes escalas e aplicações. O filtro a vácuo pode ser utilizado como uma escala de bancada para determinar condições ótimas de operação em um filtro prensa, evitando assim, testes em grandes escalas. A filtração em escala de bancada foi realizada utilizando 1 L da solução de carbonato de cálcio (CaCO3), e os experimentos para a determinação de parâmetros como resistividade da torta e resistência do meio filtrante, foram realizados com o tecido “jeans”. A partir da teoria da filtração de tortas incompressíveis, foi possível estimar a relação entre o tempo de filtração e a área do meio filtrante, com ensaios realizados num filtro à vácuo. Ajustando o tempo de filtração em um filtro prensa de volume igual a 20 L para as mesmas condições de concentração e meio filtrante, obteve-se, como predição, o tempo esperado para filtração da suspensão igual a 8min e 47s utilizando uma área de filtração equivalente a 0,16 m², tendo sido, por fim, obtido o tempo total de filtração de 6 min e 23s. Logo, o resultado obtido encontra-se dentro do tempo esperado para a filtração, considerando que as diferenças operacionais do filtro prensa causam uma melhoria experimental em relação ao filtro a vácuo.
THALIDOMIDE FOR PATIENTS WITH THALASSEMIA INTERMEDIA: A RETROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Yang Kun , Wu Yi , Zhou Yali , Zhou Tianhong , Wang Li , Geng Zhili , Yin Xiaolin 
Published: April 2020

Objective: This study focused on the efficacy and safety of thalidomide for patients with thalassemia intermedia (TI) in a multicenter trial.
Methods：Clinical and laboratory data of 62 patients subjected to thalidomide therapy in four centers were retrospectively analyzed. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of thalidomide in the short-term (three months) and long-term follow-up (12 and 24 months). Response to thalidomide was defined as follows: Main Responder (MaR) showing an increase in Hb level of >2.0 g/dl or removal from blood transfusion and Minor Responder (MiR) achieving elevated hemoglobin (Hb) level of 1.0-2.0 g/dl or ≥50% reduction in blood transfusion frequency.
Results：The overall response rate (ORR) of 62 patients with TI was 93.5% (58/62), with MaR and MiR rates accounting for 62.9% (39/62) and 30.6% (19/62) in short-term follow-up and 66.1% (41/62) and 27.4% (17/62) in long-term follow-up, respectively. The clinical response during long-term follow-up was maintained and the Hb level remained stable during the observation period. The response was still observed in patients with dose reduction despite a slight decrease in Hb level. However, Hb decreased rapidly to the baseline level after drug discontinuation. No effect of thalidomide on spleen size in nonsplenectomized patients was evident. Minimal side-effects were documented throughout, except peripheral neurotoxicity in one patient. Nevertheless, the mean serum ferritin (SF) level was significantly increased after treatment.
Conclusion: Thalidomide had significant therapeutic effects on patients with TI, and the response was sustained with acceptable short-term and long-term adverse reactions. While these preliminary results support the potential long-term efficacy and safety of thalidomide as a therapeutic agent for TI, several issues need to be addressed before its application in the clinic.
Evaluation of apical debris extrusion during endodontic retreatment by different systems
Authors: Dadalti Manoela Teixeira de Sant'Anna , Almeida Natália Elissa Monçôres de , Ormiga Fabíola , Risso Patrícia de Andrade 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aim: This study sought to evaluate the amount of apical debris extrusion during the removal of filling material (RFM) performed by the ProTaper-Retreatment (ProTaper-R), Mtwo-Retreatment (Mtwo-R), Reciproc, and hand files. Materials and Methods: Sixty lower premolars were prepared using the ProTaper Universal system and filled with thermoplastic technique. Subsequently, the samples were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15) according to the system used for the removal of the filling material: Mtwo-R (R25/.05); ProTaper-R (D1, D2, and D3); Reciproc (R25); and hand file (type K and Hedstroem stainless steel files). The apical debris extrusion was evaluated before and after the RFM from the root canal by weighing Eppendorf tubes on a high-precision balance. Statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA test followed by the Tukey's test (P < 0.05). Results: All of the systems produced apical debris extrusion; however, the Mtwo-R group demonstrated significantly more extrusion as compared with the ProTaper-R and Reciproc groups (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the Reciproc, ProTaper-R, and hand file groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The Mtwo-R group produced significantly more extrusion than did the ProTaper-R and Reciproc groups. There was no difference between the Reciproc, ProTaper-R, and hand file groups.
Single tooth implant versus resin-bonded bridge: A study of patient’s satisfaction
Authors: Lim Tong Wah , Ariff Tengku Fazrina Tengku Mohd 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: To compare the patients’ satisfaction between patients treated with single tooth implant (STI) or resin bonded bridge (RBB) for single missing tooth replacement. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). Patients treated using STI (n=26) and RBB (n=26) were prospectively recruited. A validated patient satisfaction questionnaire was given to the participants to assess the aesthetics, masticatory function, phonetics, ease of cleaning and cost satisfaction using 7- point Likert scale. Demographic data (gender and age) and treatment data (site of treatment) were also collected. Differences in various aspects of satisfaction were compared. Results: STI and RBB groups has similar demographic and treatment characteristics. Both groups revealed high satisfaction with most of the aspects in the questionnaire. There was no statistically significant difference in overall satisfaction between the two treatment groups (p = 0.189). However, STI group had a significant higher score in existing appearance (p = 0.010), mastication (p = 0.018) and phonetics (p = 0.029) compared with RBB. Level of satisfaction did not differ by gender, age and site of the prostheses (p > 0.05). Almost all of the participants would choose to undergo the same treatment again in UiTM (STI = 96.2%, RBB = 92.3%). Conclusion: Both STI and RBB participants were highly satisfied with the aesthetics, phonetics, cost and found that the treatment fees were justified and reasonable in UiTM. Therefore, both treatment options are good to be indicated for single missing tooth replacement.
The Effect of Monetary Policy on Foreign Trade in Nigeria
Authors: O. Ashamu Sikiru 
Published: April 2020

This research work investigated the impact of monetary policy on foreign trade in Nigeria during the period 1981 to 2017. The research made use of secondary data which are collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria, Statistical Bulletin (2017). The model obtained from the result represents a Error Correction Model (ECM) which relates the dependent variable (Net Import) to several predictor variables Money Supply, Interest Rate, Exchange Rate, Foreign Direct Investment and Trade Openness. From the findings of the study, the error correction term (speed of adjustment towards equilibrium) value of -0.53581 is significant at 5% and implies that there is a long run causality running from monetary policy activities measures of foreign trade. However, only all the variable was used in the study was significant at 5% level of significance. This implies that monetary policy in Nigeria has a positive influence on foreign trade within the period, except for interest rate that has a negative coefficient and not significant. In conclusion, these intermediate variables of monetary, the exchange rate arguably have a huge impact on the economy because of its effect on the value of local currency, domestic inflation, macroeconomic credibility, capital flows and financial stability. Increased exchange rate directly affects the prices of imported commodities and an increase in the price of imported goods and services contributes directly to increase in inflation. Based on the analysis, the study concluded that there is significance relationship between money supply and net import in Nigeria and also that there is relationship between foreign direct investment and net import in Nigeria. The study also shows that there is relationship between trade openness and net import in Nigeria.
Monetary Policy and Return on Equity of Quoted Insurance Firms: A Time Series Study from Nigeria
Authors: Minafuro Suzane Macfubara, , Dumbor Norteh , Barida Barry Gberesuu, 
Published: April 2020

The financial system is the transmission channel of monetary policy. This study examines the effect of monetary policy on the performance of insurance firms in Nigeria from 1990 – 2017. The objective is to investigate the existing relationship between monetary policy instruments and the performance indicators of insurance companies. Secondary data were sourced from Stock Exchange factbook, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. Multiple linear regressions were formulated to examine the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. Return on equity was modeled as a function of treasury bill rate, monetary policy rate, interest rate, growth of money supply and exchange rate. R2, T-Statistics, β Coefficient, F-Statistics and Durbin Watson were used to examine the extent to which the independent variables affect the dependent variables while augmented dickey fuller unit root test, granger causality test, cointgration test and error correction models was used to ascertain the dynamic relationship between monetary policy variables and return on equity of the insurance firms. Findings revealed that, all the explanatory variables have positive effect on return on equity except treasury bill rate. The unit root test found that the variables are stationary at first difference, the cointgration test found the presence of long run relationship while the granger causality test found a uni-directional causality. The study concludes that monetary policy has moderate effect on the return on equity of the insurance firms. We recommend that management of insurance companies should devise measures of managing the negative effects of the monetary policy instruments to enhance the performance of the insurance companies.
Challenges of the Nigerian Banking Sector and the Way Forward
Authors: Gololo Ibrahim Aliyu 
Published: April 2020

Nigerian banking sector struggle with challenges in the day to day running of their business activities, challenges are enormous and can either be market or operational challenges and regulatory or reforms challenges instituted by the regulatory agencies such as CBN, NDIC, SEC and CIBN etc. Therefore, this paper seeks to examine the challenges facing the Nigerian banking sector and proper possible solutions to the challenges based on the prevailing economic environment. The paper utilized questionnaires as source of data collection, fifteen out of 24 banks were selected based on purposive sampling method. Chi-Square (x2) method was adopted as a statistical tool of data analysis to analyze the collected data. The result reveals that myriad of challenges exist in the Nigerian banking sector some of which are challenges both within and outside Nigeria. Banks are left behind in technological innovation aspect of banking transactions, movement of high volume of deposit or capital flight to foreign banks by the political class which reduce banks opportunity to expand their market base and the prevalent of fraud in the sector also hinders the banks progress, these challenges affects the sector to compete equally with banking sector in the developed nations. However, we also found that the challenges does not affect their financial performance. It is recommended that that government and relevant regulatory agencies should put heads together to render support and address those challenges identified that affect the sector, also Nigerian banking sector should invest in both technological innovation and human capital development, they should imbibe the culture of good corporate governance and stick to the issue of banking ethics and professionalism among others.
Evaluating Loan Loss Provisioning for Non-Performing Loans and Its Impact on the Profitability of Commercial Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Fakir Tajul 
Published: April 2020

Through the collection and disbursement of money, banks often face the risk of default of the loan. These Non-Performing loans (NPLs) should be identified and cared for avoiding vulnerability to other risk. Banks may mitigate this risk using loan loss provisioning (LLP). Using the aggregate data of 56 commercial banks in the last 9 years (2009-2017), this study attempts to evaluate the Impacts of LLP maintained for NPLs on profitability, as it may help to take the level of the LLP, and NPLs in the optimum level of business success. The dependent variables used in this study are Non-Interest Income to Total Assets and Net-Interest Income to Total Assets as a representative of the profitability of a bank. The dependent variables are analyzed using Least Square Multiple Regression on three independent variables, which were Gross NPL to Total Loans Outstanding, Loan Loss Provision Maintained, and Surplus/ (Shortfall) resulted from the required loan provisioning. The result showed that the profitability is very significantly influenced by the independent variables. NPLs and LLPs maintained by the commercial banks negatively related with the profitability of the business, especially LLPs shown statistical significance to impact on profitability negatively. it is better to take the LLPs and NPLs in the minimum level for maximum profitability of banks.
Accounting Information System: A Prevailing Tool for Appraising Firm Performance
Authors: Teru Susan Peter , Idoko Innocent F. , Audu Philip 
Published: April 2020

The advancement in technology has enabled companies to generate and use accounting information system. Accounting information system (AIS) is a computer-based application which conveys a new inclination of change from the conservative method of accounting to a computerised method. These advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have reduced the time and cost of transactions by aiding increased and improved transactions and communication for business dealings. It has also improved and advanced the efficiency of businesses by computerising existing operations to improve the performance of their operations. Accounting Information Systems (AIS) can be used by the organizations as a device for achieving a stronger, reliable, and more corporate culture to survive in this competitive environment. Accounting information systems also assist companies to gauge the risk of some operations or predict future warnings using sophisticated statistical software applications. The main objective of this paper is to examine the usage of Accounting Information System for effective decision making and improvedinternal control system on firm performance in which the qualitative data was used reviewing various literatures and other secondary data. This study providesvalue added in accounting literature given the scarcity of works dealing with the relationship between the application and use of AIS and evaluating overall firm performances
Accounting Standards for Awaqf: A Review
Authors: Shaikh Zakir Hossen , Sarea Adel M. , Khalid Azam Abdelhakeem 
Published: April 2020

The paper focuses on establishing accounting standards for the awqaf system in order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of its operation. Standardization could cut costs and reduce the risk of mismanagement so that services provided by awqaf strengthen development fundamentals. Thus, it is essential that Muslim countries adopt unified accounting standards to ensure accountability and transparency of various transactions related to awqaf. This will provide flexibility concerning allocations of awqaf endowments so that priority will be given to projects related to people’s basic needs. The proposed framework is designed based on the literature review to conceptualize the need of standardization of accounting for awqaf. The contribution of this paper is to add value to the literature of accounting for awqaf.
JEL Classification: M41, E23.