bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes is not a risk factor for myocardial infarction in patients without coronary artery disease: A study from the Western Denmark Heart Registry
Authors: Gyldenkerne Christine , Olesen Kevin KW , Thrane Pernille G , Madsen Morten , Thim Troels , Würtz Morten , Jensen Lisette O , Raungaard Bent , Poulsen Per L , Bøtker Hans E , Maeng Michael 
Published: July 2020

Background: Diabetes is considered a risk factor for myocardial infarction. However, we have previously found that diabetes was not a short-term risk factor for myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Methods: We conducted a cohort study of patients undergoing coronary angiography from 2003 to 2012 and followed them by cross-linking Danish health registries. Patients were stratified according to coronary artery disease and diabetes. Endpoints included myocardial infarction, cardiac death, all-cause death and coronary revascularization. Results: 86,202 patients were included in total (diabetes: n = 12,652). Median follow-up was 8.8 years. Using patients with neither coronary artery disease nor diabetes as reference (cumulative myocardial infarction incidence 2.6%), the risk of myocardial infarction was low and not substantially increased for patients with diabetes alone (3.2%; hazard ratio 1.202, 95% confidence interval 0.996−1.451), was increased for patients with coronary artery disease alone (9.3%; hazard ratio 2.75, 95% confidence interval 2.52−3.01) and was highest for patients with both coronary artery disease and diabetes (12.3%; hazard ratio 3.79, 95% confidence interval 3.43−4.20). Similar associations were observed for cardiac death and coronary revascularization. Conclusion: Diabetes patients without coronary artery disease by coronary angiography have a low risk of myocardial infarction, not substantially increased compared to patients with neither coronary artery disease nor diabetes. In the presence of coronary artery disease, however, diabetes increases the risk of myocardial infarction.
Effectiveness of a dedicated small bowel neoplasia screening program by capsule endoscopy in Lynch syndrome: 5 years results from a tertiary care center
Authors: Perrod Guillaume , Samaha Elia , Perez-Cuadrado-Robles Enrique , Berger Arthur , Benosman Hedi , Khater Sherine , Vienne Ariane , Cuenod Charles-André , Zaanan Aziz , Laurent-Puig Pierre , Rahmi Gabriel , Cellier Christophe 
Published: July 2020

Background and aims: The role of small bowel neoplasia (SBN) screening in asymptomatic patients with Lynch syndrome (LS) is uncertain. The aim of our study was to assess the effectiveness of screening by capsule endoscopy (CE) in these patients. Methods: This study was an observational, analytical, and retrospective single-center study within the PRED-IdF network. All consecutive asymptomatic patients older than 35 years-old with confirmed LS and no personal history of SBN who started the screening from 2010–2015 were included. The baseline screening and 24 months follow-up were performed by CE. The CE diagnostic yield (positive tumor or polyp) and accuracy, using the follow-up as gold standard, were evaluated. Results: A total of 150 patients underwent the SBN screening program and 135 (52.7 ± 11.2 years-old, 37.8% male) met the inclusion criteria. The baseline CE diagnostic yield was 4.4% (3 polyps, 3 tumors) and the proximal small bowel was the most common location ( n = 4, 66.7%). In total, 87 patients underwent follow-up and the diagnostic yield was 4.6%. Four patients were considered positive at follow-up (2 adenomas, 2 adenocarcinomas). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of CE were 60%, 100%, 100%, 96.9%, and 97%, respectively. Conclusions: CE is an accurate procedure for baseline screening of SBN in LS patients and may be efficient for follow-up procedures. However, the optimal starting age of screening and intervals of follow-up must be clarified.
Effects of linagliptin on left ventricular DYsfunction in patients with type 2 DiAbetes and concentric left ventricular geometry: results of the DYDA 2 trial
Authors: Cioffi Giovanni , Giorda Carlo Bruno , Lucci Donata , Nada Elisa , Ognibeni Federica , Mancusi Costantino , Latini Roberto , Maggioni Aldo P ,   the DYDA 2 investigators
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effect of linagliptin on left ventricular systolic function beyond glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods and resultsA multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel-group study, was performed (the DYDA 2 trial). Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and asymptomatic impaired left ventricular systolic function were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive for 48 weeks either linagliptin 5 mg daily or placebo, in addition to their diabetes therapy. Eligibility criteria were age 40 years and older, haemoglobin A1c 8.0% or less (≤64 mmol/mol), no history of cardiac disease, concentric left ventricular geometry (relative wall thickness ≥0.42), impaired left ventricular systolic function defined as midwall fractional shortening 15% or less at baseline echocardiography. The primary end point was the modification of midwall fractional shortening over time. The main secondary objectives were changes in diastolic and/or in longitudinal left ventricular systolic function as measured by tissue Doppler echocardiography. One hundred and eighty-eight patients were enrolled, predominantly men with typical insulin-resistance comorbidities. At baseline, mean midwall fractional shortening was 13.3%±2.5. At final evaluation, 88 linagliptin patients and 86 placebo patients were compared: midwall fractional shortening increased from 13.29 to 13.82 (+4.1%) in the linagliptin group, from 13.58 to 13.84 in the placebo group (+1.8%, analysis of covariance P = 0.86), corresponding to a 2.3-fold higher increase in linagliptin than the placebo group, although non-statistically significant. Also, changes in diastolic and longitudinal left ventricular systolic function did not differ between the groups. Serious adverse events or linagliptin/placebo permanent discontinuation occurred in very few cases and in the same percentage between the groups.ConclusionsIn the DYDA 2 patients the addition of linagliptin to stable diabetes therapy was safe and provided a modest non-significant increase in left ventricular systolic function measured as midwall fractional shortening.Trial registration numberClinicalTrial.gov (ID NCT02851745)
Use of complementary and alternative medicine and low quality of life associate with the need for psychological and psychotherapeutic interventions in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Kutschera Maximilian , Waldhör Thomas , Gröchenig Hans Peter , Haas Thomas , Wenzl Heimo , Steiner Pius , Koch Robert , Feichtenschlager Thomas , Eckhardt Gerald , Mayer Andreas , Kirchgatterer Andreas , Ludwiczek Othmar , Platzer Reingard , Papay Pavol , Gartner Johanna , Fuchssteiner Harry , Peters Paul‐Gerhard , Reicht Gerhard , Moser Gabriele , Dejaco Clemens , Vogelsang Harald , Primas Christian , Novacek Gottfried , Miehsler Wolfgang ,   Austrian IBD Study Group
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suffer from various symptoms, impairing their quality of life and often affecting psychosocial issues. This may lead to the need for additional psychological care. This study investigated patients' subjective need for integrated psychosomatic support and psychotherapy and indicators for it.Materials and methodsThis is a cross‐sectional multicentre study in Austrian IBD patients who were in routine care at 18 IBD outpatient clinics. Patients filled in an anonymous, validated questionnaire (Assessment of the Demand for Additional Psychological Treatment Questionnaire [ADAPT]) assessing the need for psychological care. The ADAPT gives two separate scores: the need for integrated psychosomatic support and for psychotherapy. In addition, health‐related quality of life and the use of complementary and alternative medicine as well as clinical and socio‐demographic variables were queried. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to estimate the effect of the previously mentioned variables on the need for additional psychological care.ResultsOf 1286 patients, 29.7% expressed a need for additional psychological care, 19.6% expressed a need for integrated psychosomatic support and 20.2% expressed a need for psychotherapy. In the multivariable analysis, the two strongest indicators for the need for both types of psychological care were the use of complementary and alternative medicine (for integrated psychosomatic support: odds ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.13–2.39, p = 0.010; for psychotherapy: odds ratio = 1.74, 95% confidence interval 1.20–2.53, p = 0.004), and a low health‐related quality of life score (for integrated psychosomatic support: odds ratio = 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.94–0.96, p < 0.001; for psychotherapy: odds ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.94–0.97, p < 0.001).DiscussionAbout 30% of the Austrian IBD patients expressed a need for integrated psychosomatic support and/or psychotherapy. The most important indicators for this need were the use of complementary and alternative medicine and low quality of life.
Gastroesophageal reflux after per‐oral endoscopic myotomy is frequently asymptomatic, but leads to more severe esophagitis: A case‐control study
Authors: Karyampudi Arun , Nabi Zaheer , Ramchandani Mohan , Darisetty Santosh , Goud Rajesh , Chavan Radhika , Kalapala Rakesh , Rao Guduru Venkat , Reddy Duvvur Nageshwar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and aimThe incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is high after per‐oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). GERD after POEM may be qualitatively different from GERD in patients without motility disorders. In this study, we aimed to analyze and compare different aspects of GERD between patients with post‐POEM GERD and nonachalasia GERD.MethodsThe data of patients with GERD after POEM (January 2018 to June 2019) were compared with that of a control group (nonachalasia GERD group), which included patients presenting with typical reflux symptoms without associated major motility disorders. Patients with lower esophageal sphincter pressure lower than 10 mmHg were excluded from the study. GERD was evaluated at 3 months after POEM. Esophageal acid exposure time higher than 4.2% was used to define GERD. The primary outcome of the study was comparison of GERD‐related quality of life and reflux symptom severity between the two groups. In addition, the severity of erosive esophagitis and reflux‐symptom association were also recorded in the two groups.ResultsA total of 100 patients were included in the study, with 50 patients in each group (post‐POEM GERD vs. controls). The baseline parameters were comparable between the two groups. Median interquartile range of GERD‐related quality of life score was significantly lower in the post‐POEM group (11 [0–23.3] versus 34 [24–44]; p < 0.001). The post‐POEM GERD group had significantly lower median heartburn (6.0 [0–16.3] versus 15.5 [7.5–24.8]; p = 0.001) and regurgitation scores (0 [0–6.0] versus 20.0 [12.3–25.0]; p < 0.001). Erosive esophagitis was more frequent in the post‐POEM group (28 [56%] versus 10 [20.4%], p = 0.001). Only three (6%) patients in the post‐POEM group had a positive reflux‐symptom association as compared with 28 (56%) patients in the control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionIn selected patients with pH positive GERD after POEM, the symptoms are milder and reflux‐symptom association is poor in spite of more severe esophagitis as compared with controls.
What does success mean for autistic men? A narrative exploration of self-determination
Authors: Webster Amanda A , Garvis Susanne 
Published: July 2020

Background Studies involving autistic adults have often focused on negative outcomes and quality of life ratings. Aims This study provides a different viewpoint by examining the perspectives of autistic men who consider themselves to be successful. Methods Data were gathered from 10 men who shared their experiences and perceptions regarding their journey to achieve success. Self-determination theory provided a useful lens for examining the men’s narratives and understanding the factors that led to their success. Results Analysis of interviews revealed four main themes: (1) being my own self, (2) a competent professional, (3) solving problems in a neurotypical world, and (4) relating and connecting. These themes reflect the men’s perception of their own self-determination including their autonomy, competence, and relatedness with others. Conclusions The men’s sense of success was derived from their ability to achieve competence in their work, act without help or influence from others and demonstrate a high level of self-awareness and self-reflection. Despite this, many continued to experience difficulty in the social areas of their lives. Implications: These findings suggest that self-determination theory may present an alternative and more positive means of enacting support programs for autistic individuals, and males in particular.
The crystal structure of alstonite, BaCa(CO3)2: an extraordinary example of ‘hidden’ complex twinning in large single crystals
Authors: Bindi Luca , Roberts Andrew C. , Biagioni Cristian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlstonite, BaCa(CO3)2, is a mineral described almost two centuries ago. It is widespread in Nature and forms magnificent cm-sized crystals. Notwithstanding, its crystal structure was still unknown. Here, we report the crystal-structure determination of the mineral and discuss it in relationship to other polymorphs of BaCa(CO3)2. Alstonite is trigonal, space groupP31m, with unit-cell parametersa= 17.4360(6),c= 6.1295(2) Å,V= 1613.80(9) Å3andZ= 12. The crystal structure was solved and refined toR1= 0.0727 on the basis of 4515 reflections withFo> 4σ(Fo) and 195 refined parameters. Alstonite is formed by the alternation, alongc, of Ba-dominant and Ca-dominant layers, separated by CO3groups parallel to {0001}. The main take-home message is to show that not all structure determinations of minerals/compounds can be solved routinely. Some crystals, even large ones displaying excellent diffraction quality, can be twinned in complex ways, thus making their study a crystallographic challenge.
Genome-wide characterization of the C2H2 zinc-finger genes in Cucumis sativus and functional analyses of four CsZFPs in response to stresses
Authors: Yin Junliang , Wang Lixin , Zhao Jiao , Li Yiting , Huang Rong , Jiang Xinchen , Zhou Xiaokang , Zhu Xiongmeng , He Yang , He Yiqin , Liu Yiqing , Zhu Yongxing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds
C2H2-type zinc finger protein (ZFPs) form a relatively large family of transcriptional regulators in plants, and play many roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. However, the comprehensive analysis of C2H2 ZFPs in cucumber (CsZFPs) and their regulation function in cucumber are still lacking.

Results
In the current study, the whole genome identification and characterization of CsZFPs, including the gene structure, genome localization, phylogenetic relationship, and gene expression were performed. Functional analysis of 4 selected genes by transient transformation were also conducted. A total of 129 full-length CsZFPs were identified, which could be classified into four groups according to the phylogenetic analysis. The 129 CsZFPs unequally distributed on 7 chromosomes. Promoter cis-element analysis showed that the CsZFPs might involve in the regulation of phytohormone and/or abiotic stress response, and 93 CsZFPs were predicted to be targeted by one to 20 miRNAs. Moreover, the subcellular localization analysis indicated that 10 tested CsZFPs located in the nucleus and the transcriptome profiling analysis of CsZFPs demonstrated that these genes are involved in root and floral development, pollination and fruit spine. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of Csa1G085390 and Csa7G071440 into Nicotiana benthamiana plants revealed that they could decrease and induce leave necrosis in response to pathogen attack, respectively, and they could enhance salt and drought stresses through the initial induction of H2O2. In addition, Csa4G642460 and Csa6G303740 could induce cell death after 5 days transformation.

Conclusions
The identification and function analysis of CsZFPs demonstrated that some key individual CsZFPs might play essential roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. These results could lay the foundation for understanding the role of CsZFPs in cucumber development for future genetic engineering studies.
Characteristics of adult abdominal cystic Lymphangioma: a single-center Chinese cohort of 12 cases
Authors: Xiao Jianchun , Shao Yuming , Zhu Shan , He Xiaodong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Cystic lymphangioma is a rare, benign developmental disease, mostly affecting the cervical and axial regions. The clinical features of abdominal cystic lymphangioma (ACL) are reported among pediatric patients but are less well known in adults. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the clinical characteristics of ACL in Chinese adults and describe our experience in treating this disease.

Methods
We conducted a single-center, non-interventional, retrospective study of 12 adult patients with ACL admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing, China from November 1984 through August 2017. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging, histopathologic, and therapeutic data were collected.

Results
Detailed information on seven males and five females was available. The mean age at diagnosis was 39.1 (SD 17.3) years. The mean duration of follow-up was 6.9 years. Six (50%) patients were asymptomatic, and abdominal pain was the leading symptom for three (25%) patients. The cysts were evaluated by ultrasound (n = 8, 67%), CT (n = 10, 83%), and MRI (n = 4, 33%). Therapeutic modalities include laparotomy (n = 6, 50%), laparoscopy (n = 4, 33%), and aspiration (n = 2, 17%), with variable outcomes. The mean postsurgical hospital stay was 6.8 days. Complete excision was accomplished in eight patients, and one recurrence was observed during follow-up. Of patients who underwent partial resection, one experienced disease relapse.

Conclusions
This is the first report on an Asian cohort of adult patients with ACL. Typical imaging features could lead to timely diagnosis and treatment of ACL. Radical resection is recommended with a longer period of follow-up. The analysis of this cohort deepens our understanding of adult ACL.
Oral health conditions in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaczmarek Urszula , Wrzyszcz-Kowalczyk Alina , Jankowska Katarzyna , Prościak Katarzyna , Mysiak-Dębska Monika , Przywitowska Iwona , Makulska Irena 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Nephrotic syndrome is one of the chronic illnesses in the pediatric age group. The aim of this study was to assess the oral health of patients with steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (iNS).

Methods
A case-control study was performed on iNS patients and healthy from May 2018 to April 2019. Dental caries was assessed by the World Health Organization criteria, developmental defects of enamel by the mDDE index, oral hygiene by the OHI-S and API, and gingival condition by the GI. Oral health behavior was recorded using a standardized questionnaire including tooth brushing, fluoride prevention, dietary habits and utilization of dental care. Additionally, Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus spp. (LB) bacteria in saliva were assessed using the CRT bacteria test. Statistical analysis comparing oral health parameters was carried by Pearson’s chi-squared, Fisher’s exact, Shapiro-Wilk verified by Student’s t or Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results
The study included 94 participants of both sexes at the age of 4 to 17 years (47 cases and 47 controls) who were treated in Clinic of Pediatric Nephrology or outpatients’ dental clinic in Wroclaw, Poland. The iNS patients compared to the controls revealed some lower caries experience (83.0% vs 95.7%) and number of caries affected primary and/or permanent teeth (4.6 ± 3.5 vs 6.0 ± 4.1), a significantly lower number of filled primary and/or permanent teeth (1.1 ± 1.6 vs 3.5 ± 3.0, P < 0.001) and higher incidence of enamel hypoplasia (31.9% vs 4.3%, P < 0.001). The numbers of the iNS patients with high level of SM and LB were similar to the controls. The iNS patients had a higher OHI-S score (1.89 ± 1.59 vs 1.05 ± 1.02, P < 0.010) and a higher GI score (0.7 ± 1.0 vs 0.3 ± 0.6, P = 0.050). Moreover, they less frequently brushed their teeth twice a day (78.8% vs 93.6%, P = 0.026) and more frequently consumed three or more snacks daily (53.2% vs 23.4%, P = 0.002).

Conclusions
The iNS patients despite the poor oral hygiene revealed lower caries experience but smaller number of restored caries-affected teeth, more severe gingivitis and more frequently teeth affected by enamel hypoplasia.
Case report on a swift shift in uropathogens from Shigella flexneri to Escherichia coli: a thin line between bacterial persistence and reinfection
Authors: Tufon Kukwah Anthony , Fokam Djike Puepi Yolande , Kouanou Youmbi Sylvain , Meriki Henry Dilonga 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are mostly caused by bacteria. Urine cultures are usually a definitive measure to select the appropriate antibiotics for the elimination of a uropathogen and subsequent recovery from the infection. However, the preferred antibiotics as determined by urine culture and sensitivity may still not eliminate the infection and would require further examination to ascertain the cause of treatment failure which could be unresolved bacteriuria, bacterial persistence, immediate reinfection with a different uropathogen or misdiagnosis.

Case presentation
A 2-years 7 months-old female was admitted in the Regional hospital of Buea following persistent fever. An auto medication with amoxicillin was reported. Urinalysis was done on the first day and the sediment of the cloudy urine revealed many bacteria and few pus cells. Ceftriaxone was prescribed as empirical treatment and a request for urine and blood culture was made. Three days after admission, the temperature and CRP were 39.0 °C and 96 mg/l, respectively. The urine culture results (> 105 CFU/ml of Shigella flexneri sensitive to ofloxacin) were presented to the doctor on the 4th day of admission. Patient was put on ofloxacin. Three days after, the temperature (38.5 °C) and CRP (24 mg/l) were still elevated. The blood culture result came out negative. A second urine culture was requested which came back positive (> 105 CFU/ml of Escherichia coli resistant to ofloxacin and sensitive to meropenem and amikacin). Ofloxacin was discontinued and the patient put on meropenem and amikacin. The third urine culture recorded no significant growth after 48 h of incubation. The patient was discharged looking healthy once more with a normal body temperature.

Conclusion
Antibiotics tailored towards the elimination of a particular bacterial species may as well provide a favorable environment for other bacterial species that are resistant to it in the course of treating a UTI episode. This apparent treatment failure may first of all require a second urine culture for confirmation rather than considering the possibilities of a misdiagnosis.