bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and vibrations of cerium in silica glass from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Tian Ye , Han Wei , Yuan Xiaodong , Hu Dongxia , Zheng Wanguo , Zhu Qihua , Wang Fang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the effect of cerium on the structural and vibrational properties of silica glass. At low‐concentration levels, the cerium ions tend to generate longer bonds with bridging oxygens than nonbridging ones, the proportion of which is associated with the average bond length varied with cerium coordination. Formed in the presence of cerium, the bond angles exhibit strong dependence on the types of Ce‐O bonds that bring about different angular distributions. Despite the discrepancy in the structures between Ce3+ and Ce4+, similar characteristics of vibrations are observed for the two states. In comparison with the glass formers, the vibrations of cerium that contribute primarily to the low‐frequency region show a less localized behavior, whereas the acoustic‐like and optic‐like modes separate at a much smaller frequency.
Perceptions of optimal end‐of‐life care in hospitals: A cross‐sectional study of nurses in three locations
Authors: Waller Amy , Chan Sally , Chan Carmen W. H. , Chow Meyrick C. M. , Kim Miyoung , Kang Sook Jung , Oldmeadow Christopher , Sanson‐Fisher Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo examine whether nurses' location of employment, demographics, or training influences their perceptions of what constitutes optimal care for dying patients in hospital.DesignQuestionnaire‐based, cross‐sectional study.MethodsBetween December 2016–June 2018, 582 registered or enrolled nurses from Australia (N = 153), South Korea (N = 241), and Hong Kong (N = 188) employed in a variety of hospital care units rated the extent to which they agreed with 29 indicators of optimal end‐of‐life care across four domains: patient, family, healthcare team, and healthcare system. Latent class analysis identified classes of respondents with similar responses.ResultsTop five indicators rated by participants included: ‘physical symptoms managed well’; ‘private rooms and unlimited visiting hours’; ‘spend as much time with the patient as families wish’; 'end‐of‐life care documents stored well and easily accessed’ and ‘families know and follow patient's wishes’. Four latent classes were generated: ‘Whole system/holistic’ (Class 1); ‘Patient/provider‐dominated’ (Class 2); ‘Family‐dominated’ (Class 3) and ‘System‐dominated’ (Class 4). Class 1 had the highest proportion of nurses responding positively for all indicators. Location was an important correlate of perceptions, even after controlling for individual characteristics.ConclusionNurses' perceptions of optimal end‐of‐life care are associated with location, but perhaps not in the direction that stereotypes would suggest. Findings highlight the importance of developing and implementing location‐specific approaches to optimize end‐of‐life care in hospitals.ImpactThe findings may be useful to guide education and policy initiatives in Asian and Western countries that stress that end‐of‐life care is more than symptom management. Indicators can be used to collect data that help quantify differences between optimal care and the care actually being delivered, thereby determining where improvements might be made.
Cosmetic commentary: Is bakuchiol the new "skincare hero"?
Authors: Spierings Natalia M. K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBakuchiol is a new trendy ingredient in cosmetic skincare products, claiming to have similar efficacy to over‐the‐counter vitamin A derivative products. The manufacturers use clinical trial data to support the claims that bakuchiol has anti‐aging properties. This commentary critically appraises these clinical trials. Dermatologists need to be aware of and clinically appraise evidence for these types of cosmetic ingredients in order to provide accurate recommendations to their patients and the consumer. The integrity of our profession and the well‐being of our patients depend on it.
Autologous activated platelet‐rich plasma in hair growth: A pilot study in male androgenetic alopecia with in vitro bioactivity investigation
Authors: Zhou Yinghui , Liu Qingmei , Bai Yanshuang , Yang Kai , Ye Yaqi , Wu Kejia , Huang Junhong , Zhang Yue , Zhang Xuewenjun , Thianthanyakij Traidit , Wang Ji’an , Zhu Yifei , Lin Jinran , Wu Wenyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is effective in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AGA).AimsThe purpose of this study is to assess the effect of PRP on the proliferation of human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs), to observe the effect of PRP on the growth of hair follicles and hair shaft in vitro, to measure growth factors, and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PRP injection.Patients/MethodsThe effect of PRP on the proliferation of HFDPCs was observed. The length of hair follicle and hair shaft in vitro was measured. Then, the concentration of growth factors (EGF, FGF‐2, FGF‐7, IGF‐1, HGF, PDGF‐BB, and VEGF‐A) was evaluated. Half‐head injection of PRP was conducted to 10 males. Three treatments were conducted at 30‐day intervals. Digital photographs were taken; hair diameter, hair density, unit density of hair follicles, and terminal hair/ vellus hair were analyzed.ResultsPlatelet‐rich plasma significantly promoted the proliferation of HFDPCs. Under the PRP culture, the hair follicle and hair shaft were grown, and the hair growth length on the 3rd and 6th days was greater than that of the control. PRP contained growth factors such as EGF, FGF‐2, FGF‐7, IGF‐1, HGF, PDGF‐B, and VEGF‐A. Hair diameter, hair density, and unit hair follicle density on the PRP injection side peaked in the 6th month. The terminal hair/ vellus hair of the PRP injection side reached a peak in the 4th month. The average patient satisfaction during the entire treatment was 5.4 points (0‐10 points).ConclusionPlatelet‐rich plasma can promote hair growth. PRP injection is safe and effective for the treatment of AGA.
Liver cirrhosis turns life into an unpredictable roller coaster: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Hjorth Maria , Svanberg Anncarin , Sjöberg Daniel , Rorsman Fredrik , Kaminsky Elenor 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo explore how persons living with liver cirrhosis experience day‐to‐day life.BackgroundLiver cirrhosis is the sixth most common cause of death among adults in Western countries. Persons with advanced liver cirrhosis report poor quality of life, in comparison with other chronic diseases. However, knowledge regarding day‐to‐day life during earlier stages of the disease is lacking. In other chronic diseases, the suffering process is well explored, while in liver cirrhosis, suffering is insufficiently investigated.DesignAn exploratory study, with a qualitative inductive interview approach.MethodsA purposive maximum variation sample of 20 informants with liver cirrhosis aged 25–71, from two gastroenterology outpatient clinics in mid‐Sweden, were interviewed from September 2016 to October 2017. Interview data were analysed inductively with qualitative content analysis. Reporting followed the COREQ guidelines.ResultsThe experiences of day‐to‐day life living with liver cirrhosis comprised four sub‐themes. Living with liver cirrhosis implied varying levels of deterioration, the most apparent being exhaustion or tiredness. The informants had to find ways of adapting to a new life situation. The insecurity of future health evoked existential reflections such as feeling emotionally and existentially distressed. Shame and guilt were reasons for feeling stigmatised. These sub‐themes emerged into one overarching theme of meaning: life turns into an unpredictable roller coaster. This is based on experiences of liver cirrhosis as an unpredictable disease with fluctuating symptoms, worries and disease progression.ConclusionLiving with cirrhosis implies an unpredictable condition with a progressive, stigmatising disease. The fluctuating symptoms and deep concerns about future life pose an increased personal suffering.Relevance to clinical practiceWithin health care, knowledge of the person's experience is vital to enable and fulfil the person's healthcare needs. Clinical registered nurses need a person‐centred approach to strengthen their patients to cope with their new life situation.
The informational privacy of patients in prehospital emergency care—Integrative literature review
Authors: Koskimies Eini , Koskinen Sanna , Leino‐Kilpi Helena , Suhonen Riitta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the informational privacy of patients in prehospital emergency care based on the existing literature.BackgroundInformational privacy, a central value in health care, is strongly connected to patients' safety and quality of care. However, its realisation faces challenges in the unique context of prehospital emergency care.DesignIntegrative literature review.MethodsSystematic searches of the CINAHL, MEDLINE and Cochrane library databases (n = 1588) and a manual search of the reference lists of the included articles (n = 0) were conducted in August 2019. In the article selection, specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were used. Two Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal tools were used. Ultimately, 11 studies were included. Analysis was conducted by using content analysis. Overall, process of the review was guided by PRISMA checklist.ResultsThe number of primary research studies related to informational privacy in prehospital emergency care is limited and mainly focused on privacy and confidentiality. The informational privacy was described from three aspects (a) information control by patients, (b) information protection by healthcare professional and (c) concepts related to informational privacy. The realisation of patients' informational privacy varied. Factors related to the realisation were related to the paramedics, the prehospital emergency care work and the patients.ConclusionMore research specifically focused on informational privacy in prehospital emergency care is needed. Paramedics' understanding of informational privacy and its protection is essential to enhance the realisation of patients' informational privacy. Therefore, a response is required to their need for more education concerning informational privacy.Relevance to clinical practiceParamedics' attention should be drawn to the identified factors related to the realisation of informational privacy and its use in clinical practice in order to continue to provide high‐quality prehospital emergency care.
Insufficiently supported in handling responsibility and demands: Findings from a qualitative study of newly graduated nurses
Authors: Willman Anna , Bjuresäter Kaisa , Nilsson Jan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore newly graduated registered nurses' experiences and how they manage complex patient situations.BackgroundNewly graduated registered nurses' working in acute care hospital settings are challenged by managing complex patient situations in rapidly changing clinical contexts involving increased patient acuity, comorbidities and staffing shortages.DesignQualitative study design.MethodsData were collected using focus groups interviews of a total of 16 newly graduated registered nurses with clinical work experience of 6 months of direct patient care in an acute care hospital setting. Analyses were conducted using qualitative content analysis. COREQ reporting guidelines were used.ResultsThe analysis resulted in the overarching theme “Not being sufficiently prepared and supported to meet responsibilities and demands.” The theme included three categories: “Responsibility is not in proportion to competence,” “Lack of medical competence and experience complicates patient safety” and “Strives for control to manage and organise nursing care.”ConclusionThe results show that newly graduated registered nurses' are not sufficiently supported for the level of responsibility and the demands placed on them when providing nursing in complex patient situations in acute care hospital settings. If they are given sole responsibility for multiple complex patient situations, patient safety may be compromised.Relevance to practiceSpecial attention need to be paid to NGRNs support to medical competence in the areas of assessing, planning, prioritizing, leading, and distributing nursing care in daily clinical settings for at least their first year of professional work.
Intergenerational Ambivalence and Loneliness in Later Life
Authors: Hua Cassandra L. , Brown J. Scott , Bulanda Jennifer R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis brief report examined the relationship between intergenerational ambivalence and loneliness in later life among a group of older adults with at least one child.BackgroundPrevious work has explored the links between intergenerational ambivalence and other indicators of well‐being but has not examined loneliness. Although studies show an association between positive and negative relationship quality with children and loneliness, there are conflicting findings, and there is also insufficient exploration of the role of gender.MethodUtilizing pooled data from the 2012 and 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (n = 10,967) (
https://hrs.isr.umich.edu/documentation), structural equation models were used to examine the hypothesized relationships, and multiple group analysis was utilized to assess potential gender differences.ResultsThe results indicated that greater intergenerational ambivalence was associated with increased loneliness in later life. However, there were no significant gender or marital status differences in the relationships.ConclusionThis study adds to the existing literature on ambivalence and well‐being by showing that ambivalent relationships are related to loneliness. Results underscore the emotional complexity of parent–child relationships and suggest the need for investigating the consequences of holding contradictory feelings.
Artemisia vulgaris, a new host of 16SrV‐C phytoplasma related strains infecting black alder in Poland
Authors: Jurga Marta , Zwolińska Agnieszka 
Published: September 2020

AbstractYellowing of leaf tissue and strongly deformed shoots were observed in common mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) growing in a nature reserve in Southern Poland. Similar foliage chlorosis together with abnormal shoot proliferation was noticed on alder tree (Alnus glutinosa Gaertn.) growing next to the common mugwort. DNA specific fragments coding 16S rRNA and ribosomal proteins (rp) were amplified from mugwort and alder samples using direct and nested PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) assays. Phylogenetic relationships inferred from 16S and rps3 genes indicated that strains infecting mugwort and alder were most closely related to phytoplasmas of subgroups 16SrV‐C and 16SrV‐D. Based on the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 16S rDNA, the investigated phytoplasma strains were classified to subgroup 16SrV‐C. Two sequence variants of the rps3 gene which differed by a single nucleotide were detected in all analysed samples by pairwise analysis of the aligned reads. Taking into account that this single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) occurs among 16SrV‐C and 16SrV‐D related phytoplasmas and that the phytoplasmas have a single copy of rp operon, we concluded that each plant species was infected by two distinct, closely related phytoplasma strains. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of group 16SrV‐C related phytoplasmas infecting common mugwort worldwide, adding a new host species that is possibly linked to the spread of the alder pathogen in Eastern Europe. Although alder yellows phytoplasma has been frequently found in Europe, this is the first detection of phytoplasmas associated with alder in Poland.
The ultrasonographic medullary “rim sign” versus medullary “band sign” in cats and their association with renal disease
Authors: Cordella Alessia , Pey Pascaline , Dondi Francesco , Dunn Marilyn , Caramazza Chiara , Cipone Mario , Diana Alessia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundMedullary rim sign (MRS) refers to a hyperechoic line in the renal medulla, reported on ultrasound examination (US) in both dogs and cats with and without kidney disease (KD).ObjectiveTo describe the different aspects of MRS in cats and to assess its association with KD.AnimalsCats that underwent US examination, with MRS (study group) with and without KD and without MRS with and without KD (control groups).MethodsRetrospective case‐control study: cats with MRS, with or without KD (rim sign groups) and cats without MRS, with or without KD (control groups). Ultrasonographic images were blindly reviewed with attention given to the thickness and margins of the MRS recorded.ResultsEighty‐four cats with MRS were included and 60 cats recruited for each control group. The MRS had 2 distinct aspects: a thin hyperechoic line with well‐defined margins (MRS‐line) in 50/84 cats (59%) and a thick hyperechoic band with ill‐defined margins (MRS‐band) in 34/84 cats (41%). Twenty of 50 (40%) cats with MRS‐lineand 25/34 (74%) of cats with MRS‐bandhad KD. The frequency of MRS‐linewas higher in cats without KD, whereas the presence of MRS‐bandwas more frequent in cats with KD (P= .003).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceA thick hyperechoic ill‐defined band (for which the term medullary band sign is proposed) was more frequently associated with KD, whereas a thin hyperechoic well‐defined line (true MRS) may be seen in cats with or without KD.
“Far more poetry than justice.” The economics of austerity in the America of Paul Auster
Authors: Tedde Adriano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMoving beyond the modernist and postmodern metaphors of hunger that the writing of Paul Auster (b. 1947) suggests, this article explores Auster as a writer who responds to the so‐called public economic austerity that has dominated the political economic agenda in the United States during the past four decades. This reading suggests that there is a realist quality in Auster's work, notwithstanding its postmodern play. In presenting this argument, I believe that the writer's body of work discloses the history of post‐1960s American economy in a plethora of poverty‐stricken people that form the social background of his stories (downtrodden), in the insecurity that thwarts the main characters' existence (the newly dispossessed) and in the personal choices of the author himself to live his life as a starving artist (the penniless hero). Such an history of US economy is accompanied by a criticism of neoliberal ethos that restores the dignity of marginalized poor Americans.
Covert hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous portosystemic shunts increase the risk of developing overt hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Greinert Robin , Zipprich Alexander , Simón‐Talero Macarena , Stangl Franz , Ludwig Christiane , Wienke Andreas , Praktiknjo Michael , Höhne Kevin , Trebicka Jonel , Genescà Joan , Ripoll Cristina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of covert hepatic encephalopathy (cHE) and its characteristics according to the presence of spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS) and their influence on the development of overt hepatic encephalopathy.MethodsSecondary analysis of a multicentre study, which evaluated the association between SPSS and complications of cirrhosis. The present study population includes those patients who also underwent cHE diagnostic evaluation. Presence of SPSS was evaluated by cross‐sectional imaging and quantified by total SPSS‐area. Logistic and Cox‐regression competing risk analyses were performed.ResultsAbout 65 patients were included of age 58 (IQR 50‐66), MELD 15 (IQR 10‐20), with alcoholic liver disease 63%. Thirty‐two patients (49%) had cHE, had higher MELD [16 (IQR 12‐24) vs 13 (IQR 9‐17), P = .027], a greater proportion of SPSS [n = 18 (56%) vs n = 8 (24%); P = .008] and a higher total cross‐sectional SPSS‐area [28.3 (0‐94.2) vs 0 (0‐14.1); P = .005]. On multivariate analysis MELD [OR 1.11 (95% CI 1.01‐1.21)] and presence of SPSS [OR 3.95 (95% CI 1.22‐12.80)] were independently associated to cHE at baseline. During follow‐up cHE was an independent predictor of oHE [cHE: HR 6.93 (95% CI 2.64‐18.20). The effect of cHE on the development of oHE was greater in patients with SPSS [only cHE: HR 5.66 (95% CI 1.82‐17.62), cHE and SPSS: HR 8.63 (95% CI 3.15‐23.65)].ConclusionscHE is independently associated to the presence of SPSS (and total cross‐sectional SPSS‐area) and MELD. Furthermore, the presence of SPSS seems to increase the risk of cHE of developing of overt hepatic encephalopathy.
A realist review of scholarly experiences in medical education
Authors: Cornett Marian , Palermo Claire , Wallace Megan J. , Diug Basia , Ward Bernadette 
Published: September 2020

AbstractContextScholarly experiences have been increasingly employed to support the development of scholarly skills for medical students. How the characteristics of the various scholarly experiences contributes to scholarly outcomes or the complexities of how the experiences build skills warrants further exploration.ObjectivesTo identify how medical students’ scholarly experiences lead to scholarly outcomes under what circumstances.MethodsA realist review was conducted with a search of Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and ERIC databases using the terms “medical student” and “scholarly experience” and related synonyms. Studies involving the engagement of medical students in a range of compulsory scholarly experiences including quality improvement projects, literature reviews and research projects were included. Key data were extracted from studies, and realist analysis was used to identify how contexts and mechanisms led to different outcomes.ResultsFrom an initial 4590 titles, 28 studies of 22 scholarly experiences were identified. All were primarily focused on research‐related scholarly experiences. Organisational research culture that valued research, dedicated time, autonomy and choice of experience were found to be key contexts. Adequately supported and structured experiences where students can see the value of research and quality supervision that builds student's self‐efficacy were identified as mechanisms leading to outcomes. Outcomes included increased research skills and attitudes, scholarly outputs (eg publications) and future interest in research or other scholarly endeavours.ConclusionsThe design of scholarly experiences for medical students needs to ensure protected time, adequate supervision and autonomy, to achieve scholarly outcomes. Much of the focus is on research and traditional outcomes with little known about the role or outcomes associated with other scholarly work.