bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of Robust Error Recovery Logic in Assembly Systems Using Multi-Level Optimization and Genetic Programming
Authors: Baydar Cem M. , Saitou Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Automated assembly lines are subject to unexpected failures, which can cause costly shutdowns. Generally, these errors are handled by human experts or logic controllers. However, these controller codes are based on anticipated error scenarios and are deficient in dealing with unforeseen situations. In our previous work (Baydar and Saitou, 2000a), an approach for the automated generation of error recovery logic was discussed. The method is based on three-dimensional geometric modeling of the assembly line to generate error recovery logic in an “off-line” manner using Genetic Programming. The scope of our previous work was focused on finding an error recovery algorithm from a predefined error case. However due to the geometrical features of the assembly lines, there may be cases which can be detected as the same type of error by the sensors. Therefore robustness must be assured in the sense of having a common recovery algorithm for similar cases during the recovery sequence. In this paper, an extension of our previous study is presented to overcome this problem. An assembly line is modeled and from the given error cases optimum way of error recovery is investigated using multi-level optimization. The obtained results showed that the infrastructure is capable of finding robust error recovery algorithms and multi-level optimization procedure improved the process. It is expected that the results of this study will be combined with the automatic error generation, resulting in efficient ways to automated error recovery logic synthesis.
Deviplan: A Bid Preparation System for Mechanical SMEs
Authors: Kiritsis Dimitris , Xirouchakis Paul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The problem under consideration is the cost estimation and consequent bid preparation for machined parts subcontracted to mechanical small and medium enterprises (SME). This activity, i.e. cost estimation and corresponding bid preparation, becomes more and more important due to the increasing and globalized competition in this market. There is, therefore, a clear need for precise and accurate cost estimation of machined parts in order for a small company to justify its prices. The proposed prototype software system is based (i) on a manufacturing feature based product description of the part to be machined and (ii) on a non-linear model of its process plan using Petri nets, taking into consideration processing alternatives and precedence constraints, which allows a heuristic based best search of the process plan and, consequently, the corresponding machining time and cost. Product description is done interactively through user friendly interfaces and the corresponding process planning model is constructed automatically in the form of a Petri net. Machine tools and their characteristics are selected from a customized database. Tools and machining parameters are selected through a link with the tool management software TOOL Light©. Minimum time or cost process plans and corresponding bids are reported using the Petri net model of the machined part under consideration and using machining heuristics. The type of parts that are considered in our application are rotational or prismatic parts that are used as components in complex machines like machine tools or automatic assembly machines.
A Decomposition Methodology for Machining Feature Extraction
Authors: Ramesh Madhumati M. , Yip-Hoi Derek , Dutta Debasish 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Many applications such as computer aided process planning require an interpretation of the complex geometry of a mechanical part in terms of simpler local shapes such as machining features. Decomposition of non-polyhedral parts is difficult as compared to that of polyhedrons, but mechanical parts are seldom polyhedral. A decomposition method that makes use of primitives for planar and cylindrical faces of parts is presented in this paper. A semi-automatic method for mapping the resulting shapes to library-features is also presented. The proposed method for decomposition and mapping is simple, intuitive and easy to implement using standard geometric and solid modeling operators.
Robustness in Optimum Design of Freeform Mechanical Parts
Authors: Cholaseuk Dulyachot , Srinivasan Vijay , Modi Vijay 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A method to identify robust designs of mechanical parts with free-form shapes is proposed. For each design, the geometry and operating conditions represent one design point in the design space, with noise altering the design point leading to a change in performance. A shape optimization process is conducted for each example problem. Each successive iteration during the process produces an iterative design point with the final one being the optimum design. Once the process is completed, a design of experiment approach is used to apply noise in order to generate samples around each and every iterative design point. Then a simple statistical method is utilized to analyze the samples in order to evaluate the robustness of each iterative design. The results show that an optimum design is not necessarily robust.
DoE Study in Building Surrogate Models for Complex Systems
Authors: Ge Ping , Wang Nanxin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Surrogate models are used as a substitute for sophisticated system analysis in engineering design in order to improve efficiency, enhance understanding of problem domains and facilitate multidisciplinary design trade-offs. However, the cost of acquiring knowledge and information needed to build high-quality surrogate models may greatly undermine the advantages of using them. This is particularly significant for building surrogate models in complex system design where collection of necessary modeling data can be extremely expensive. In the existing researches, though different Design of Experiment (DoE) techniques are proposed to reduce the cost of data collection, general guidelines are absent in applying these methods into different design scenarios in industrial practice. In our work, a study is conducted to investigate different DoE methods and their impact on building high-quality surrogate models for complex systems. Several DoE methods are studied and their effectiveness in highly nonlinear engineering domains are compared through case studies of a vehicle system design problem. This paper summarizes the study results and attempts to provide valuable knowledge for the related research and applications of DoE methods in building surrogate models for complex system designs.
Modified Hysteresis Model With New Energy Index
Authors: Zhang Haochuan , Ma Fai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A guideline for modifying the energy dissipation index used in the Bouc-Wen hysteresis model is given in order to overcome the fluctuation problem caused by the original index. The resulting energy dissipation index is a physically correct, non-decreasing function of time. A numerical example is also provided to demonstrate the performance of the new index.
Acoustic Emission: Data Analysis and Applications
Authors: Zheng Gangtie , Ma Fai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Some applications and state-of-art of acoustic emission techniques are introduced in the present paper through an overview of publications in acoustic emission techniques. Attention is given to applications of acoustic emission techniques to the condition monitoring and damage feature extractions of reinforced concrete structures. With the use of numerical examples, major acoustic emission signal processing methods such as the wavelet transform, the Gabor transform, the bilinear time-frequency distribution, and the cepstral analysis are discussed.
Fuzzy Quality Measures for Use in a Hierarchical Fuzzy Controller
Authors: Carlson Alan , Edwards Dean B. , Anderson Michael J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a control strategy that uses a hierarchical structure to arbitrate between recommendations from lower level modules. The lower level modules represent lower level tasks or behaviors. Each lower level module provides its own control recommendation based on its limited perception of the environment.
We introduce the concept of a fuzzy quality measure that may be used by the hierarchical controller to determine how best to fuse the individual recommendations. The Quality Measure provides an approximate determination of each control recommendations potential value.
The hierarchical partitioning reduces the cardinality of the rule base and decreases the number of system parameters, as compared to a monolithic structure. Optimization of the reduced parameter set is simpler and requires less time.
An Improvement of Phone-Based Interfaces System
Authors: Huang Yuan Mao , Ho Hsin-Ni 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Applications of the interactive voice response system (IVRS) have been increased rapidly. However, deficiencies of phone-based interface systems (PBIS) suggest human factors considerations can improve design structures of the systems. To improve the existing phone-based interface systems, this study proposes an new interface style, which is based on the ‘standard-with-skips’ and the ‘hierarchy’ styles. This improved interface style can assist in saving time for both the novices and the experienced users and allows users to have more control. A new kind of identifier is also developed to facilitate procedures for reaching user goals. To reduce the workload in the working memory, a marking function is presented to give the users memory aids and prevent them from making errors. With consideration of these factors, an ideal modal is constructed and compared with existing systems.
Design and Implementation of High-Level Numerical Analysis Functions Based on Computational Arrays for Applications in Engineering
Authors: Cheng Harry H. , Hu Xudong , Lin Bin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the design and implementation of high-level numerical analysis functions in CH, a superset of C language developed for the convenience of scientific and engineering computations. In CH, complex number is treated as a built-in data type, so that the syntaxes of complex arithmetic, relational operations, and built-in mathematical functions are the same as those for real numbers. The variable number of arguments is used in the built-in mathematical functions to simplify the computation of different branches of multi-valued complex functions. The computational arrays are introduced to handle the arrays in the numerical computations. Passing arrays of variable length by arrays of deferred-shape and arrays of assumed-shape to functions are discussed. These methods allow the arrays to be passed with their rank, dimensions and data types. A list of high-level numerical functions and two examples of the applications in the scientific and engineering are given in the paper.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation on the Particle Trajectory in a Solid Propellant Rocket Chamber
Authors: Xiao Yumin , Amano R. S. , Cai Timin , Li Jiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In solid rocket motors (SRMS) using aluminized composite solid propellants and submerged nozzles a two-phase flow pattern is one of the main flow characteristics needs to be investigated. The modeling and validation of two-phase flow are the focus in this research field. In this paper the authors first traced the particle trajectory in a SRM chamber by using numerical method, and then developed a new experimental method to measure the particle trajectory in a SRM chamber to validate the numerical results. The experimental method was based on the RTR (X-ray Real-time Radiography) technique and high-speed motion analyzer. A special method was developed to imitate the particle injection on the propellant surface. The calculation results and measurement data show that the trajectory obtained by numerical simulation was in good agreement with the measured one by imposing proper boundary conditions. For particles with diameter of 75μm, the initial velocity factor of particle is approximately 0.4, and the particles pass through the centerline in both calculation and experiment. The present method can be extended to study the impingement of particles on the wall and other related two-phase flow patterns.
Characterization of Cofficient of Friction in Dry Contact for Control of Vibrations in Machine Systems
Authors: Abdo Jamil , Farhang Kambiz , Meinhardt Glenn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A 2k factorial experiment is performed to ascertain the effect of four factors and their cross influence on friction between dry surfaces. The factors in this study include materials Young’s modulus, applied normal load, surface roughness and relative surface speed. For each combination of factors four replicates in addition to two center points are used to obtain an average coefficient of friction for dry contact. In the experiment 304 Stainless Steel and Alloy 6061 Aluminum are employed to provide the high and low levels of Young’s modulus. Results suggest that Young’s modulus has the most significant influence followed by velocity/modulus cross-coupling, surface roughness, load, and modulus/roughness. Analyses are carried out separately for the 304 Stainless Steel and alloy 6061 Aluminum to remove the effect of Young’s modulus. The results are used to obtain iso-friction curves that serve to establish force-speed control for prevention of stick-slip vibration.
Direct-Insertion Realization of Linear Modular Models of Engineering Systems Using Fixed Input-Output Structure
Authors: Byam Brooks P. , Radcliffe Clark J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Computer modeling of engineering systems with a large number of interconnected multi degree of freedom (DOF) subsystems requires flexible modeling tools. Flexible modeling tools with arbitrary input-output structure formulate equations to fit the input-output structure of specific engineering systems at the cost of globally reformulating equations with every model change. Each equation formulation requires experimental performance verification. This can be particularly cumbersome in the design, development, and refinement of large models. In previous work Byam and Radcliffe designed modular modeling, a flexible modeling method that eliminates equation reformulation and enhances model experimental performance verification in large models. A fixed input-output structure for all multi DOF modular modeling elements eliminates equation reformulation. The cost is a connector constraint to assemble elements, thereby adding complexity to the global model. Solving linear modular models is a systematic realization of compatible standardized modular elements and connectors. In this work, a modular solution to linear models of engineering systems is defined. Structural and automotive examples are given.
Design of a Multi-Axis Diamond Wire Cutting Machine
Authors: Huang Jung-Tang , Cheng Yi-Sheng , Shih Sheng-Hsiung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study attempts to develop a machine tool to let its cutting function and precision be able to compare with the counterpart of the wire-cut electrical discharge machine, and also can cut non-conducting materials. This machine tool is numerically controlled by a PC-based controller to cut some projected shapes defined on a single axis, dual axes or multiple axes. This machine is to use one diamond wire loop with motion in direction of Z-axis or a certain direction, to attain the function of cutting. The wire could be kept as straight as possible at the cutting zone and not to shift laterally from the feeding direction. Besides, a tension sensor based on CCD cameras is also installed to know the cutting force and reactions of the workpiece against the diamond wire so as to adjust the wire travelling speed and feedrate of the workpiece to cut the corner precisely.
Uncertainty Management in Automotive Crash: From Analysis to Simulation
Authors: Marczyk J. , Hoffmann R. , Krishnaswamy P. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper discusses automotive crash simulation in a stochastic context, whereby the uncertainties in vehicle properties, boundary and initial conditions are taken in to account by means of Monte Carlo simulation techniques. It is argued that, since crash is a non-repeatable phenomenon, qualification for crashw orthinessbased on a single test is not meaningful neither from a physical nor from a conceptual standpoint, and should be replaced by stochastic simulation in which the mentioned uncertainties are taken into account. In addition, a broad spectrum of impact angles and velocities should be considered in each scenario (frontal, rear, side, etc.). The advocated approach, due to the fact that it addresses a sample of the population of the to-be-manufactured cars, instead of a single idealized nominal car, possesses built-in robustness and therefore enables the entire problem to be viewed with a high level of confidence. Finally, it is shown that based on today’s deterministic CAE techniques, validation of numerical models via a single test is impossible.
A Generic Cooling Schedule for Simulated Annealing
Authors: Cantelmi Frank J. , Pelz Richard B. , Ogot Madara M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Discrete-State Simulated Annealing (DSSA) is a version of Simulated Annealing (SA) having a generic cooling schedule which is totally independent of the problem being optimized. By employing a generic cooling schedule, DSSA does not incur the overhead computational costs associated with the tuning of the parameters that make up the cooling schedule. DSSA introduces a single parameter that sets the total number of discrete states available. This paper summarizes the algorithm and presents results for two studies. First, the performance of the DSSA algorithm is compared to that of a parameter-tuned SA algorithm. The DSSA algorithm is able to provide similar results without any parameter tuning. Second, a parameter study is undertaken to determine the effect of varying the total number of discrete states. The results suggest that the performance of the algorithm is insensitive to the total number of states.
A New Mathematical Model for Geometric Tolerances As Applied to Round Faces
Authors: Davidson J. K. , Mujezinovic A. , Shah J. J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A new mathematical model is presented for the tolerances of planar surfaces. The model is compatible with the ASME Standard for geometric tolerances. Central to the new model is a Tolerance-Map, a hypothetical volume of points which corresponds to all possible locations and variations of a segment of a plane which can arise from tolerances on size, form, and orientation. Every Tolerance-Map®2 is a convex set. This model is one part of a bi-level model that we are developing for geometric tolerances. The new model makes stackup relations apparent in an assembly, and these can be used to allocate size and orientational tolerances; the same relations also can be used to identify sensitivities for these tolerances. Stackup relations are developed for parts where the centers of faces are offset laterally. All stackup relations can be met for 100% interchangeability or for a specified probability. Methods are introduced whereby designers can identify trade-offs and optimize the allocation of tolerances. Examples are presented that illustrate important features of the new model.
Effective Product Family Design Using Physical Programming and the Product Platform Concept Exploration Method
Authors: Messac Achille , Martinez Michael P. , Simpson Timothy W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In an effort to produce more variety for today’s highly competitive market, companies are designing and developing families of products — groups of related products derived from common product platforms — to simultaneously satisfy multiple customer requirements. After reviewing the state of the art in product family and product platform design, we describe the Product Platform Concept Exploration Method (PPCEM) for designing common product platforms that can be scaled or “stretched” into a suitable family of products. This paper extends previous work by the authors through the novel integration of physical programming within the PPCEM to enable the product family design problem to be formulated using physically meaningful terms and preferences. The design of a family of universal electric motors is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Performance gains are achieved in the motor family by utilizing physical programming within the PPCEM when compared to previous results.
Domain Independent Characterization of Parametric and Geometric Problems in Embodiment Design
Authors: Bettig Bernie , Shah Jami J. , Summers Joshua D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In embodiment and detailed design one is often concerned with sizing and geometric arrangement. Constraint problems of satisfying certain relationships in feasible designs are often solved by domain specific procedures in design and manufacturing applications. This paper shows that a variety of such problems are reducible to a small set of generic problems solvable by domain-independent procedures. A taxonomy of constraint problem types is developed. The taxonomy is based on the types of entities, constraints, and tasks (reasoning or inquiry) that are to be performed. The “exemplar” is introduced as a new concept for describing complex situational patterns and extracting information of interest. Such a canonical representation of parametric problems is needed for designing cleaner interfaces between applications and generic solvers, as a basis for standardized data exchange between future CAD systems, and for providing the foundations for domain independent shells for parametric design.
Using a Multiple Concurrent Design Views Interface to Enhance Design Complexity Management
Authors: Baker Benjamin A. , Fish Russell D. , Cohen Elaine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Modern product design complexity is a problem faced by designers of complex geometric products. It is very difficult for a designer to assimilate the vast amounts of data necessary to produce and understand such complex designs in their totality. Recently, research has been done to better manage design complexity, but little or no work has been done with respect to user interfaces for complexity management tools.
In this research, we present a concurrent design views interface to enhance design complexity management. This user interface assists the designer in creation and visualization of complex design frameworks. These design views support different levels of design detail and complexity, and also provide hierarchical design decomposition of complex design frameworks. Concurrency between design views is maintained, thus increasing the overall power of the system. To demonstrate the validity and applicability of this approach in solving complexity management issues, a prototype system implementation of an intuitive user interface built upon an existing complexity management framework is presented.