bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing and treating complex mental health needs among homeless youth in a shelter-based clinic
Authors: Winiarski Dominika A. , Rufa Anne K. , Bounds Dawn T. , Glover Angela C. , Hill Kristin A. , Karnik Niranjan S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Rates of homelessness have been increasing in recent years, thereby necessitating a more direct approach to treating this complex social problem. Homeless youth have disproportionately high rates of untreated mental health problems and are therefore particularly vulnerable to the effects of homelessness during the transition period from adolescence to adulthood.

Methods
The study team developed a shelter-based clinic and collected clinical measures on youth who attended this clinic from October 2016 through June 2018.

Results
Youth attended an average number of three sessions, but there was a significant drop in follow-up after the first (intake) appointment. Depression, anger, and adjustment disorder emerged as the most common presenting mental health concerns identified by clinicians in the intake appointment, and trauma was identified as a significant complaint for those youth who returned for a second session.

Conclusion
Mental health care is needed in this population, but future studies should explore alternative approaches to retaining homeless youth in treatment and in designing targeted trauma-informed interventions.
Effect of the TetR family transcriptional regulator Sp1418 on the global metabolic network of Saccharopolyspora pogona
Authors: He Haocheng , Yuan Shuangqin , Hu Jinjuan , Chen Jianming , Rang Jie , Tang Jianli , Liu Zhudong , Xia Ziyuan , Ding Xuezhi , Hu Shengbiao , Xia Liqiu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundSaccharopolyspora pogonais a prominent industrial strain due to its production of butenyl-spinosyn, a high-quality insecticide against a broad spectrum of insect pests. TetR family proteins are diverse in a tremendous number of microorganisms and some are been researched to have a key role in metabolic regulation. However, specific functions of TetR family proteins inS. pogonaare yet to characterize.ResultsIn the present study, the overexpression of thetetR-like genesp1418inS. pogonaresulted in marked effects on vegetative growth, sporulation, butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis, and oxidative stress. By using qRT-PCR analysis, mass spectrometry, enzyme activity detection, andsp1418knockout verification, we showed that most of these effects could be attributed to the overexpression of Sp1418, which modulated enzymes related to the primary metabolism, oxidative stress and secondary metabolism, and thereby resulted in distinct growth characteristics and an unbalanced supply of precursor monomers for butenyl-spinosyn biosynthesis.ConclusionThis study revealed the function of Sp1418 and enhanced the understanding of the metabolic network inS. pogona, and provided insights into the improvement of secondary metabolite production.
Protective effects of a food-grade recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum with surface displayed AMA1 and EtMIC2 proteins of Eimeria tenella in broiler chickens
Authors: Liu Qiong , Jiang Yanlong , Yang Wentao , Liu Yongshi , Shi Chunwei , Liu Jing , Gao Xing , Huang Haibin , Niu Tianming , Yang Guilian , Wang Chunfeng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Avian coccidiosis posts a severe threat to poultry production. In addition to commercial attenuated vaccines, other strategies to combat coccidiosis are urgently needed. Lactobacillus plantarum has been frequently used for expression of foreign proteins as an oral vaccine delivery system using traditional erythromycin resistance gene (erm). However, antibiotic selection markers were often used during protein expression and they pose a risk of transferring antibiotic resistance genes to the environment, and significantly restricting the application in field production. Therefore, a food-grade recombinant L. plantarum vaccine candidate would dramatically improve its application potential in the poultry industry.

Results
In this study, we firstly replaced the erythromycin resistance gene (erm) of the pLp_1261Inv-derived expression vector with a non-antibiotic, asd-alr fusion gene, yielding a series of non-antibiotic and reliable, food grade expression vectors. In addition, we designed a dual-expression vector that displayed two foreign proteins on the surface of L. plantarum using the anchoring sequences from either a truncated poly-γ-glutamic acid synthetase A (pgsA′) from Bacillus subtilis or the L. acidophilus surface layer protein (SlpA). EGFP and mCherry were used as marker proteins to evaluate the surface displayed properties of recombinant L. plantarum strains and were inspected by western blot, flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. To further determine its application as oral vaccine candidate, the AMA1 and EtMIC2 genes of E. tenella were anchored on the surface of L. plantarum strain. After oral immunization in chickens, the recombinant L. plantarum strain was able to induce antigen specific humoral, mucosal, and T cell-mediated immune responses, providing efficient protection against coccidiosis challenge.

Conclusions
The novel constructed food grade recombinant L. plantarum strain with double surface displayed antigens provides a potential efficient oral vaccine candidate for coccidiosis.
Rapid phenotyping towards personalized malaria medicine
Authors: Veiga Maria Isabel , Peng Weng Kung 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMalaria is major public health concerns which continues to claim the lives of more than 435,000 people each year. The challenges with anti-malarial drug resistance and detection of low parasitaemia forms an immediate barrier to achieve the fast-approaching United Nations Sustainable Development Goals of ending malaria epidemics by 2030. In this Opinion article, focusing on the recent published technologies, in particularly the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based diagnostic technologies, the authors offer their perspectives and highlight ways to bring these point-of-care technologies towards personalized medicine. To this end, they advocate an open sourcing initiative to rapidly close the gap between technological innovations and field implementation.
A network analysis framework to improve the delivery of mosquito abatement services in Machala, Ecuador
Authors: Lippi Catherine A. , Mao Liang , Stewart-Ibarra Anna M. , Heydari Naveed , Ayala Efraín Beltrán , Burkett-Cadena Nathan D. , Blackburn Jason K. , Ryan Sadie J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Vector-borne disease places a high health and economic burden in the American tropics. Comprehensive vector control programs remain the primary method of containing local outbreaks. With limited resources, many vector control operations struggle to serve all affected communities within their districts. In the coastal city of Machala, Ecuador, vector control services, such as application of larvicides and truck-mounted fogging, are delivered through two deployment facilities managed by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Health. Public health professionals in Machala face several logistical issues when delivering mosquito abatement services, namely applying limited resources in ways that will most effectively suppress vectors of malaria, dengue, and encephalitis viruses.

Methods
Using a transportation network analysis framework, we built models of service areas and optimized delivery routes based on distance costs associated with accessing neighborhoods throughout the city. Optimized routes were used to estimate the relative cost of accessing neighborhoods for mosquito control services in Machala, creating a visual tool to guide decision makers and maximize mosquito control program efficiency. Location-allocation analyses were performed to evaluate efficiency gains of moving service deployment to other available locations with respect to distance to service hub, neighborhood population, dengue incidence, and housing condition.

Results
Using this framework, we identified different locations for targeting mosquito control efforts, dependent upon management goals and specified risk factors of interest, including human population, housing condition, and reported dengue incidence. Our models indicate that neighborhoods on the periphery of Machala with the poorest housing conditions are the most costly to access. Optimal locations of facilities for deployment of control services change depending on pre-determined management priorities, increasing the population served via inexpensive routes up to 34.9%, and reducing overall cost of accessing neighborhoods up to 12.7%.

Conclusions
Our transportation network models indicate that current locations of mosquito control facilities in Machala are not ideal for minimizing driving distances or maximizing populations served. Services may be optimized by moving vector control operations to other existing public health facilities in Machala. This work represents a first step in creating a spatial tool for planning and critically evaluating the systematic delivery of mosquito control services in Machala and elsewhere.
Is insulin-like growth factor-1 involved in Parkinson’s disease development?
Authors: Castilla-Cortázar Inma , Aguirre Gabriel A. , Femat-Roldán Giovana , Martín-Estal Irene , Espinosa Luis 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in the death of dopaminergic neurons within thesubstantia nigra pars compactaand the reduction in dopaminergic control over striatal output neurons, leading to a movement disorder most commonly characterized by akinesia or bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor. Also, PD is less frequently depicted by sensory symptoms (pain and tingling), hyposmia, sleep alterations, depression and anxiety, and abnormal executive and working memory related functions. On the other hand, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is an endocrine, paracrine and autocrine hormone with several functions including tissue growth and development, insulin-like activity, proliferation, pro-survival, anti-aging, antioxidant and neuroprotection, among others. Herein this review tries to summarize all experimental and clinical data to understand the pathophysiology and development of PD, as well as its clear association with IGF-1, supported by several lines of evidence: (1) IGF-1 decreases with age, while aging is the major risk for PD establishment and development; (2) numerous basic and translational data have appointed direct protective and homeostasis IGF-1 roles in all brain cells; (3) estrogens seem to confer women strong protection to PD via IGF-1; and (4) clinical correlations in PD cohorts have confirmed elevated IGF-1 levels at the onset of the disease, suggesting an ongoing compensatory or “fight-to-injury” mechanism.
The effect of tactile augmentation on manipulation and grip force control during force-field adaptation
Authors: Avraham Chen , Nisky Ilana 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
When exposed to a novel dynamic perturbation, participants adapt by changing their movements’ dynamics. This adaptation is achieved by constructing an internal representation of the perturbation, which allows for applying forces that compensate for the novel external conditions. To form an internal representation, the sensorimotor system gathers and integrates sensory inputs, including kinesthetic and tactile information about the external load. The relative contribution of the kinesthetic and tactile information in force-field adaptation is poorly understood.

Methods
In this study, we set out to establish the effect of augmented tactile information on adaptation to force-field. Two groups of participants received a velocity-dependent tangential skin deformation from a custom-built skin-stretch device together with a velocity-dependent force-field from a kinesthetic haptic device. One group experienced a skin deformation in the same direction of the force, and the other in the opposite direction. A third group received only the velocity-dependent force-field.

Results
We found that adding a skin deformation did not affect the kinematics of the movement during adaptation. However, participants who received skin deformation in the opposite direction adapted their manipulation forces faster and to a greater extent than those who received skin deformation in the same direction of the force. In addition, we found that skin deformation in the same direction to the force-field caused an increase in the applied grip-force per amount of load force, both in response and in anticipation of the stretch, compared to the other two groups.

Conclusions
Augmented tactile information affects the internal representations for the control of manipulation and grip forces, and these internal representations are likely updated via distinct mechanisms. We discuss the implications of these results for assistive and rehabilitation devices.
An analysis on the effect of the three-incision combined approach for complex fracture of tibial plateau involving the posterolateral tibial plateau
Authors: Hong Guqi , Huang Xiaowen , Lv Tianrun , Li Xiang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical effect of the three-incision combined approach for complex fracture of tibial plateau involving the posterior tibial plateau was discussed.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 13 cases receiving surgery for complex fracture of tibial plateau from July 2015 to June 2019. They received surgery via the three-incision combined approach, and regular postoperative reexamination was performed at the outpatient clinic. During the last follow-up, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) Knee Scoring System was used to assess the knee joint function; the Lysholm score was used to assess the knee mobility. The anterior, posterior, and rotational stabilities of the knee joint were assessed by the Lachman test and pivot-shift test.ResultsThere was no nonunion and delayed union, implant loosening and fracture, or refracture, and neither were there neurological symptoms or restricted mobility in daily life. During the follow-up, none of the cases were found with restriction of knee mobility caused by internal fixation or apparent pain. The HSS score during the last follow-up was 86–100 (average, 90.2 ± 6.8), and the excellent and good rate was 100%; the Lysholm score was 86–100 (average, 95.7 ± 2.6). All cases were negative for the Lachman test and pivot-shift test. The knee flexion mobility was 100~140° (average, 127.2° ± 11.4°). Postoperative X-ray indicated anatomical reduction of bone fractures in all cases. Loss of reduction or loosening and fracture of internal fixation was not observed by postoperative regular reexaminations. The posterior tibial slope at 6 months after surgery was 6~16° (average, 10.66 ± 2.58°), the varus angle was 84~89° (average, 86.52 ± 1.46°), the Rasmussen radiological score was 12~18 (average, 16.12 ± 1.35), and the excellent and good rate was 100%.ConclusionThe three-incision combined approach proved safe and reliable for complex fracture of tibial plateau involving the posterior tibial plateau and is worthy of further popularization.
Optimization of the extraction and purification of Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang based on the Q-marker uniform design method
Authors: Zhang Yongping , Wang Zuhua , Xu Jian , Yang Fangfang , Dai Chuanyang , Xie Weijie , Liang Zhu , Su Songbo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCorydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang alkaloids are mainly divided into three categories: protoberberine, prototropine and aporphine alkaloids. Therefore, we have taken into account these three alkaloid contents when extracting and purifying crude drugs, which is essential for the quality control of C. yanhusuo and its derivative products. Herein, we investigated the feasibility of the Q-marker uniform design method in the optimization of the extraction and purification of C. yanhusuo. In this study, Q-marker-based comprehensive scoring (CS) and uniform design methods were used to optimize the extraction and purification of C. yanhusuo. The inspective factors included the solvent concentration, pH, liquid–solid ratio, extraction time and frequency. Then 8 Q-markers, the total alkaloid extraction and the extraction rate were considered as the evaluating indicators during the process. The results indicated that the optimal reflux extraction process of C. yanhusuo was as follows: a total amount of 20 times 70% ethanol (pH = 10 of diluted ammonia), heating and refluxing twice, and extracting each time for 60 min. The results of nine-resin screening exhibited that NKA-9 macroporous adsorption resin had the best separation and purification effect on 8 kinds of C. yanhusuo alkaloids with stronger enrichment. During the optimal enrichment process and elution conditions, the water-soluble impurities were washed off with 5 BV distilled water at a volume flow rate of 2 BV/h, and the elution solvent was 70% ethanol with an elution volume flow rate of 1.5 BV/h and an elution dosage of 12 BV. Additionally, the total alkaloids of the obtained product were over 50%, of which eight quality markers were (+)-corydaline 3.55%, tetrahydropalmatine 3.13%, coptisine 2.79%, palmatine hydrochloride 2.24%, dehydrocorydaline 13.11%, (R)-(+)-corypalmine 2.37%, protopine 2.71% and glaucine 14.03%. Our data demonstrated that the optimal extraction and purification process was stable and feasible, which was expected to provide an experimental basis and reference for the industrial production of C. yanhusuo.
Relationship of spontaneous microembolic signals to risk stratification, recurrence, severity, and mortality of ischemic stroke: a prospective study
Authors: Bazan Rodrigo , Luvizutto Gustavo José , Braga Gabriel Pereira , Bazan Silméia Garcia Zanati , Hueb João Carlos , de Freitas Carlos Clayton Macedo , Hamamoto Filho Pedro Tadao , Módolo Gabriel Pinheiro , Trindade André Petean , Sobreira Marcone Lima , Nunes Hélio Rubens de Carvalho , Leite João Pereira , Pontes-Neto Octávio Marques 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction
The presence of microembolic signals (MES) during the acute phase of stroke is poorly understood, and its role and clinical application in relation to risk stratification and prognosis in patients remain uncertain. We assessed the prevalence of spontaneous MES in acute stroke and their relationship with risk stratification, stroke recurrence, morbidity, and mortality.

Patients and methods
This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the Stroke Unit. The MES presence was evaluated by transcranial Doppler (TCD) in patients with ischemic stroke within 48 h. The outcomes (risk stratification, morbidity, mortality, and recurrence of a stroke) were followed up for 6 months. The relationship between risk stratification and MES was obtained by odds ratios and that between MES and stroke recurrence, morbidity, and mortality using multiple logistic regression; considering statistical significance at P < 0.05.

Results
Of the 111 patients studied, 70 were men (63.1%) and 90 were white (81.1%), with a median age of 68 years. The MES frequency was 7%. There was a significant relationship between MES and symptomatic carotid disease (OR = 22.7; 95% CI 4.1–125.7; P < 0.001), a shorter time to monitoring (OR = 12.4; 95% CI  1.4–105.4; P = 0.02), and stroke recurrence (OR = 16.83; 95% CI 2.01–141; P = .009).

Discussion
It was observed that the stroke recurrence adjusted for prior stroke was higher and earlier among patients with MES detection. In conclusion, MES demonstrated a significant correlation with symptomatic carotid disease and a shorter DELAY until monitoring, and could be a predictor for the early recurrence of stroke in the long term.
Composite extragradient implicit rule for solving a hierarch variational inequality with constraints of variational inclusion and fixed point problems
Authors: Ceng Lu-Chuan , Shang Meijuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLet X be a uniformly convex and q-uniformly smooth Banach space with $1< q\leq 2$1<q≤2. In the framework of this space, we are concerned with a composite gradient-like implicit rule for solving a hierarchical monotone variational inequality with the constraints of a system of monotone variational inequalities, a variational inclusion and a common fixed point problem of a countable family of nonlinear operators $\{S_{n}\}^{\infty }_{n=0}${Sn}n=0∞. Our rule is based on the Korpelevich extragradient method, the perturbation mapping, and the W-mappings constructed by $\{S_{n}\}^{\infty }_{n=0}${Sn}n=0∞.
Application of Adomian decomposition method to nonlinear systems
Authors: Li Wenjin , Pang Yanni 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the Adomian decomposition method (ADM for short) including its iterative scheme and convergence analysis, which is a simple and effective technique in dealing with some nonlinear problems. We take algebraic equations and fractional differential equations as applications to illustrate ADM’s efficiency.
Validity of an under-mattress sensor for objective sleep measurement in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Nagatomo Kanae , Masuyama Tomoyuki , Iizuka Yusuke , Makino Jun , Shiotsuka Junji , Sanui Masamitsu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundConsidering the adverse effects of sleep disturbance in critical care settings, accurate assessment could aid therapy; however, methodological inadequacies mean that no viable option is currently available. Research in healthy population has recently shown that a non-wearable sleep measurement device placed under the mattress of the bed could be beneficial in intensive care settings. Therefore, we aimed to validate this device compared with polysomnography (PSG) and to assess how it related to subjective sleep evaluations.MethodsThis observational study measured the sleep of critically ill adult patients. The primary goal was to validate the Nemuri SCAN (NSCAN; Paramount Bed Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) against the reference standard PSG for 24 h. The secondary goal was to evaluate the association between the objective parameters obtained from NSCAN and PSG and the subjective report data obtained using the Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ) for the nighttime.ResultsEleven participants were evaluated. The median of the total sleep time scored by PSG was 456.0 (353.0–517.5) min during the nighttime and 305.0 (186.2–542.5) min during the daytime. PSG over 24 h revealed significant decreases in restorative sleep, with excessive daytime sleep, but with a normal quantity of nighttime sleep. The agreement, sensitivity, and specificity rates (with 95% confidence intervals) for the NSCAN compared with PSG were 68.4% (67.9–69.0%), 90.1% (89.7–90.6%), and 38.7% (37.9–39.7%), respectively. The median RCSQ value when subjectively evaluating nighttime sleep was 68.0 (26.3–83.5); this showed no correlation with the NSCAN sleep parameters, despite a positive correlation with the ratio of the stage N2 isolated or combined with restorative sleep in the PSG assessment.ConclusionsNSCAN had moderate agreement, high sensitivity, and poor specificity in intensive care settings, which is most likely due to its inability to identify immobile wakefulness often observed in critically ill patients or sleep depth. This remains a barrier to its use in the assessment of subjective sleep quality.Trial registrationThis investigation was part of an interventional trial registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Individual Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000026350,http://www.umin.ac.jp/icdr/index-j.html) on March 1, 2017.