bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrosion – Biotechnical System for Destruction of Technical Objects Reducing their Quality and Reliability
Authors: Kudina A. V. , Sokorov I. O. 
Published: November 2020

It is a well-known fact, that corrosion of materials, as a phenomenon in the nature, is multifaceted, where its origin and development in many respects depend on environment micro-flora. In the modern world, corrosion is considered mainly as the spontaneous destruction of solids caused by chemical and electrochemical processes, developing on a body surface during its interaction with external environment. The essence of corrosion destruction of objects should be studied in aspect of the interrelated natural phenomena and processes that constantly occur when an object comes into contact with man-made environments and the environment containing many microorganisms of various genera and species. The accumulation and metabolism of microorganisms in surface defects of solids, when favorable physical, chemical and biological conditions are created in the contact zones, create areas of biocenosis in which metabolites, biogenic elements and chemically active radicals are formed, interacting with the contact surface of the body and the technogenic environment. Such interaction gives rise to the occurrence of both biochemical reactions in microbial cells and bioenergetic mechanisms of energy conversion on the contact surfaces, both in the microorganisms themselves and in the surrounding space. This initiator chemical, electrochemical and bio-corrosion processes of materials destruction. Consequently, the phenomenon of corrosion is presented as a system of interrelated microbiological and physicochemical processes of destruction of materials, arising from their interaction with the micro-flora of contact technogenic media and the environment. Based on the generalization and analysis of the results of the performed research work and taking into account the well known achievements and discoveries in the field of science and technology, the authors of the paper propose a new systematic approach and concept to the phenomenon of corrosive destruction of a solid with the account of the biological factor that initiates corrosion damage and destruction of materials.
Thermochemical Preparation and Properties of Low-Cost Polylanthanide Manganite Materials of Ln(La, Ce, Nd, Pr)<sub>x</sub>Ca<sub>y</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub>-Type with Perovskite-Fluorite Structure
Authors: Gorbunova V. A. , Sliapniova L. M. , Gorbunov A. V. 
Published: November 2020

A physical and chemical investigation of ceramic materials based on manganites of mixed rare earth elements –
Using XlinkCyNET to visualize protein cross-links in Cytoscape software
Authors: Lima Diogo Borges , Zhu Ying , Liu Fan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We present a high-performance app for Cytoscape to visualize cross-linking mass-spectrometry (XL-MS) data. XlinkCyNET is an open-source Java plugin that generates residue-to-residue connections provided by XL-MS in protein interaction networks. Importantly, it provides an interactive interface for the exploration of cross-links and offers various options to display protein domains. XlinkCyNET works well in complex networks containing thousands of proteins.
Reduced alpha amplitudes predict perceptual suppression
Authors: Poland Eva , Bhonsle Aishwarya , Steinmann Iris , Wilke Melanie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The amplitude of prestimulus alpha oscillations over parieto-occipital cortex has been shown to predict visual detection of masked and threshold-level stimuli. Whether alpha activity similarly predicts target visibility in perceptual suppression paradigms, another type of illusion commonly used to investigate visual awareness, is presently unclear. Here, we examined prestimulus alpha activity in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of healthy participants in the context of a generalized flash suppression (GFS) task during which salient target stimuli are rendered subjectively invisible in a subset of trials following the onset of a full-field motion stimulus. Unlike for masking or threshold paradigms, alpha (8-12 Hz) amplitude prior to motion onset was significantly higher when targets remained subjectively visible compared to trials during which the targets became perceptually suppressed. Furthermore, individual prestimulus alpha amplitudes strongly correlated with the individual trial-to-trial variability quenching following motion stimulus onset, indicating that variability quenching in visual cortex is closely linked to prestimulus alpha activity. We conclude that predictive correlates of conscious perception derived from perceptual suppression paradigms differ substantially from those of obtained with “near threshold paradigms”, possibly reflecting the effectiveness of the suppressor stimulus.
Laughing At, With, About or for? Medical Students' Understanding of Aberrant Humour
Authors: McCreaddie May , Nasser Maryam Jameel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Humour is a fundamental aspect of communication and is evident in healthcare interactions. Although often perceived as a stable expression of personality in humans, humour is a complex, dynamic, phenomenon and can be rehearsed or spontaneous. A ‘sense of humour’ is generally viewed as a virtuous quality but there are both positive and negative imports to humour use. We explored medical students’ experiences and perceptions of humour use in healthcare settings in the Arabian Gulf.Methods We used a qualitative approach, recruiting a purposive sample of medical students with previous exposure to clinical settings to two audio-recorded focus groups. A previously developed interpretative and illustrative framework was used to interrogate the data using what was known about humour e.g. humour theories and allowing for what was unknown. Data was illustrated via a transcription system that highlighted the prosodical features of speech including how and where humour arose in the interaction. Results The medical student participants provided unprompted examples of humour from their experiences of communication in clinical settings, demonstrating an awareness of humour but with a limited understanding of its import. Aberrant humour - humour that departs from an acceptable standard - a kind of tendentious or superiority humour was most evident creating confusion, doubt and potentially threatening self-worth. At best aberrant humour is non-therapeutic, at worst it is inappropriate and potentially problematic. When medical staff included students in the expression of aberrant humour then students were more likely to justify the practice. Conclusion We demonstrate how a nuanced, ‘layered’ approach to analysing humour events is important in understanding spontaneous humour and making that explicit to others. All medical faculty and students need to be cognisant of humour per se, how it may emerge in nuanced interactions and its subsequent impact upon participants. A starting point for medical curricula could be for example, simple awareness-raising, by applying some aspects of the interpretative and illustrative framework we used to analyse the data reported here.Communication is fundamental to healthcare and humour is an integral part of healthcare work. Consequently, we believe medical education needs to start taking humour seriously.
The Value of Preoperative Urodynamics in Surgery Decision for Pelvic Organ Prolapse Patients with Occult Stress Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Xu Hainan , Xia Zhijun , Hu Qing , Zhao Ying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This retrospective cohort study aims to explore the clinical value of urodynamics in evaluating lower urinary tract function in pelvic organ prolapse (POP) patients, and to investigate the urodynamic characteristics of POP patients with occult stress urinary incontinence (OSUI) in whom moderate or above postoperative SUI eventually occurred after prolapse surgery. The medical records of 626 advanced POP patients who underwent vaginal pelvic reconstructive surgery were analyzed. The patients with anterior compartment prolapse were more susceptible to urodynamic changes than those with apical or posterior compartment prolapse (95.1% vs. 40.15%). The proportion of patients with urodynamic abnormality was increased with prolapse severity (68.8% vs. 78.6%). After 3 months, the incidence of moderate or severe postoperative urinary incontinence in the OSUI patients was 20%, while it is 2.8% in non-OSUI patients. In subgroup analysis of OSUI patients, the urodynamics of patients with moderate or above postoperative urinary leakage showed significantly lower Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP), maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP), maximal bladder volume (MBV) and maximum urine flow rate (MUFR). For POP patients with OSUI, anti-incontinence surgery is only recommended for whom with lower VLPP, MUCP, MBV and MUFR to avoid the risk and costs of secondary surgery or overtreatment.
Ligand-Dependent Regiodivergent Enantioselective Allylic Alkylations of α-Trifluoromethylated Ketones
Authors: Zhu Yi , Ni Yifan , Lu Chenxi , Wang Xiaochen , Wang Yi , Xue Xiao-Song , Pan Yi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The asymmetric introduction of CF3 unit is a powerful tool for modifying pharmacokinetic properties and slowing metabolic degradation in medicinal chemistry. A catalytic and enantioselective addition of α-CF3 enolates allows for expeditious access to functionalized chiral building blocks with CF3-containing stereogenicity. The computational studies reveal that the choice of ligand in a designed palladium-complex system regulates the regioselectivity and stereoselectivity of the asymmetric allylic alkyation (AAA) of α-CF3 ketones and Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) adducts. Multiple C-H···F interactions are involved in the transition states.
Meaningfully Engaging Karen Refugee Families in Physical Activity: The Outcomes of A Culturally Specific, Co-Designed Program
Authors: O'Driscoll Téa , Spaaij Ramón , Borkoles Erika , Polman Remco 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background There are numerous health and social benefits of physical activity (PA) participation, yet refugees who have settled into destination countries like Australia are less likely to play sport or exercise, or reach recommended daily PA levels if they do. There may be various correlates of PA which impact on participation, however cultural attributes and the process of cultural adaptation after resettlement, may be a key contributor, impacting on the health of resettlers. This research trialled a community-driven, culturally specific family PA program with Karen refugees settled in Australia. The aims of the program were to encourage participation through a culturally appropriate physical activity setting and provide Karen families with an opportunity to learn to be active together. Methods The grant-funded program consisted of a two-hour lifestyle educational module and a practical activity session held each week for eight weeks, including a six-month follow-up session post completion. Educational sessions covered relevant health topics, such as healthy eating, and practical activity sessions were tailored to meet Karen people’s cultural expectations and needs. All components of the intervention were co-designed with the participants. Results A total of 36 Karen adults and children varying in ages participated in the program, with an average rate of participation of 81.8% over eight weeks. The program was evaluated with surveys, interviews, and informal discussions with instructors and participants, as well as ethnographic methods of observation. Participants valued the program that met their needs. After completion of the program they requested to continue with a similar community-based PA program in the future. Conclusions This culturally appropriate and co-designed PA program effectively engaged Karen people and increased healthy lifestyle behaviours in the group, which they found valuable and meaningful. Future interventions and programs targeting resettled refugees should be co-designed with participants using culturally appropriate approaches.
Increased Expression of Granzyme B and Transforming Growth Factor-β in Intralesional Plasma of Oral Lichenoid Reactions: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Sun Kai , Pan Lei , Deng Yi-wen , Chen Jun , Du Guan-huan , Song Chencheng , Chen Junjun , Han Xiaozhe , Wang Yufeng , Tang Guoyao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Oral lichenoid reactions are intractable inflammatory diseases of oral mucosa. The cytokine profiles of intralesional blood remain unclear. We aim at revealing the intralesional cytokine profiles and providing some actual and stable intralesional cytokine biomarkers to evaluate the severity and therapeutic effects of oral lichenoid reactions.Methods: Paired intralesional and peripheral plasma from 26 patients with oral lichenoid reactions were collected. The concentration of 15 cytokines of granzyme B, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL17A, TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 was measured by Luminex assays. REU score was used for evaluating the severity of the disease. Results: Eleven cytokines including IL-10, IFN-α, IL-6, IL-17A, granzyme B, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-12p70 were detected within the reliable working range. IL-10 was detected in less intralesional samples (19/26) than peripheral samples (26/26, p=0.01). The cytokine concentrations from intralesional plasma were significantly elevated in granzyme B (median 108.94 vs. 16.00), TGF-β1 (mean 30448.92 vs. 10199.04), TGF-β2 (mean 1659.73 vs. 1308.49) and TGF-β3 (mean 914.33 vs. 573.13) than that in peripheral plasma (p=0.001, p＜0.001, p＜0.001 and p＜0.001, respectively). The concentration of IL-12p70 in peripheral plasma was positively correlated with REU score (coefficient of correlation=0.463, p=0.02).Conclusions: The concentration of granzyme B and TGF-β are more abundant in intralesional microenvironment than in peripheral plasma of oral lichenoid reactions. IL-12p70 may be a potential molecular biomarker for evaluating the severity of oral lichenoid reactions. Cohort study of large population is required.
Enabling visibility of the clinician-scientists’ knowledge broker role in linking research with clinical practice: A participatory design research in the Dutch nursing-home sector
Authors: Barry Margot , Kuijer Wietske , Persoon Anke , Nieuwenhuis Loek , Scherpbier Nynke 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Twelve clinician-scientists were employed in a Dutch academic network, which is a collaboration between fifteen nursing-homes and an academic medical research institute. The clinician-scientists were tasked with linking research and clinical practice by catalysing both care-informed research and evidence-informed implementation initiatives. The clinician-scientists and their manager experienced difficulties in clearly defining the knowledge broker role of the clinician-scientists, a difficulty also reported in literature. They found no tools and methods suitable for make their knowledge broker role visible. Clarifying role expectations and accountability for funding these knowledge broker positions was difficult. They aimed to design a theory-informed performance appraisal tool that allowed clinician-scientists to explicate and develop their knowledge broker role in collaboration with management.Methods: A participatory design research was conducted over a 21 month period with a design group consisting of an external independent researcher, clinician-scientists and their managers from within the academic network. Results: A tool (the SP-tool) was developed in MS Excel. This allowed clinician-scientists to log their knowledge broker activities as distinct from their clinical work and research related activities. The tool contributed to their ability to make their knowledge broker role visible to themselves and their stakeholders. The theoretic contribution of the design research is a conceptual model of professionalisation of the clinician scientists knowledge broker role. This model presents the relationship between work visibility and the clarification of functions of the clinician-scientist’s knowledge broker role. In the professionalisation of knowledge-intensive work, visibility contributes to the definition of CS broker functions, which is an element necessary for the professionalisation of an occupation.Conclusions: The CSs knowledge broker role is a knowledge-intensive role and work-tasks associated with this role are not automatically visible. The SP-tool contributes to creating work visibility of the clinician-scientists’ knowledge broker role. This in turn could contribute to the professionalisation of this role, which is not well described in literature at the day-to-day professional level.
Prognostic value of thrombin generation parameters in hospitalized COVID-19 patients&nbsp;
Authors: Morena-Barrio María Eugenia de la , Bravo-Pérez Carlos , Miñano Antonia , Morena-Barrio Belén de la , Fernandez-Perez María Piedad , Bernal Enrique , Gómez-Verdu José Miguel , Herranz María Teresa , Vicente Vicente , Corral Javier , Lozano María Luisa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background. SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of thrombosis by different mechanisms not fully characterized. Although still debated, an increase in D-dimer has been proposed as a first-line hemostasis test associated with thromboembolic risk and unfavorable prognosis. Objective. We aim to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the association between thrombin generation parameters and the inflammatory and hypercoagulable state, as well as their prognostic value in COVID-19 patientsMethods. A total of 127 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19, 24 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2-negative pneumonia and 12 healthy subjects were included. Clinical characteristics, thrombin generation triggered by tissue factor with and without soluble thrombomodulin, and also by silica, as well as other biochemical parameters were assessed.Results. Despite the frequent use of heparin, COVID-19 patients had similar thrombin generation than healthy controls. In COVID-19 patients, the thrombin generation lag-time positively correlated with markers of cell lysis (LDH), inflammation (CRP, IL-6) and coagulation (D-dimer), while the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) inversely correlated with D-dimer and LDH, and positively correlated with fibrinogen levels. Patients with more prolonged lag-time and decreased ETP presented with increased ISTH-DIC scores, and had more severe disease (vascular events and death). The ROC curve and Kaplan Meier estimate indicated that the D-dimer/ETP ratio was associated with in-hospital mortality (HR 2.5; p=0.006), and with the occurrence of major adverse events (composite end-point of vascular events and death) (HR 2.38; p=0.004).Conclusions. The thrombin generation ETP and lag-time variables correlate with thromboinflammatory markers, and the D-dimer/ETP ratio can predict major adverse events in COVID-19.
A telephone assessment and advice service within an ED Physiotherapy clinic: A single-site quality improvement cohort study
Authors: Kelly Marie , Higgins Anna , Murphy Adrian , McCreesh Karen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
.BackgroundIn response to issues with timely access for musculoskeletal physiotherapy, telephone assessment and advice services have been evaluated in primary care settings. It is unclear whether this service model can reduce non-attendance rates and wait times and for Emergency Department (ED) physiotherapy, compared to usual care. A secondary aim was to evaluate service user acceptability.MethodsThis was a single-site cohort study that compares data on non-attendance rates, wait time to first physiotherapy contact and participant satisfaction between patients that opted for a service based on initial telephone assessment and advice, versus routine face-to-face appointments. 116 patients were referred for ED physiotherapy over the 3-month pilot at the ED and out-patient physiotherapy department, X, Ireland. 91 patients (78%) opted for the telephone assessment and advice service, with 40% (n=36) contacting the service. 25 patients (22%) opted for the face-to-face service. Data on non-attendance rates and wait time was gathered using the hospital data reporting system. Satisfaction data was collected on discharge using a satisfaction survey adapted from the General Practice Assessment Questionnaire. Independent-samples t-test or Mann Whitney U Test was utilised depending on the distribution of the data. For categorical data, Chi-Square tests were performed. A level of significance of p ≤ 0.05 was set for this study.ResultsThose that contacted the telephone assessment and advice service had a significantly reduced wait time (median 6 days; 3 – 8 days) compared to those that opted for usual care (median 35 days; 19 – 39 days) (p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant between-group differences for non-attendance rates or satisfaction.ConclusionGiven the faster access to ED physiotherapy, without compromising on service user satisfaction, this telephone assessment and advice service, which can be introduced rapidly, could be helpful in triaging referrals and minimising face-to-face consultations in line with COVID-19 recommendations. However, a large scale study is warranted to confirm these findings.
LIGHT CURED RESIN- AN AESTHETIC AND BIOCOMPATIBLE ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL DRESSING
Authors: Saxena Dr. Sonal , Punn Dr Karan , Dubey Dr Divya , Srivastava Dr Vivek , Meenawat Dr Ajita , Yadav Dr Shivam 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Periodontal dressings, also known as periodontal packs, have been employed over centuries for the purpose of protection of surgical sites. Many modifications have been made to improve their physical and therapeutic properties. Hence this study was designed to compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of light cured periodontal dressing to most widely used non-eugenol pack.
Materials and method: Ten patients suffering from generalized chronic periodontitis, requiring periodontal flap surgeries on contralateral sides of the arch were selected and randomly divided into two groups: Group I (Control group) and Group II (Test group). In Group I, non-eugenol periodontal dressing and in Group II light cured periodontal dressing was applied at the surgical sites. Clinical parameters that were assessed on day 7 after the removal of the pack are debris index, plaque scores and gingival index. Patients were also be assessed for acceptance and compliance of the material. All the data recorded was then statistically analysed.
Result: Group II showed better results when compared with the control group on debris index, plaque scores and gingival index, though the differences were found to be statistically insignificant. Group II also showed better results in terms of esthetics, associated mucosal problems, retention of the dressing and over all patient satisfaction.Conclusion: Light cured periodontal dressing showed better patient acceptability and compliance and could be considered to be a clinically efficient and alternative to the non-eugenol pack as the periodontal dressing.