bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Returnee entrepreneurship: how home-country institutions, estrangement and support influence entrepreneurial intentions
Authors: Gruenhagen Jan Henrik 
Published: September 2020

PurposePolicymakers, academics and practitioners have recognised the potential of returnee entrepreneurs for the transfer of advanced knowledge to emerging and developing countries. Yet what factors determine the decisions to start a business – and what type of business – upon returning to the home country is relatively unclear. This paper aims to reveal to what extent different contextual factors influence the intention to return home to start a venture. In addition to overall intentions to start a returnee business, this study covers intentions towards starting businesses with different orientations.Design/methodology/approachThis study builds upon a sample of 273 individuals originating from emerging economies who are on track to complete their overseas tertiary education in an advanced economy. Using primary survey data obtained from the participants, a structural equation model (SEM) based on our theoretical model was defined for hypothesis testing.FindingsFindings suggest that the perception of a stable institutional environment stimulates returnee entrepreneurship, and that the perception of estrangement negatively affects the intention to start a new venture in the home country. The results further show that the availability of support may reduce perceived estrangement, thereby exerting an indirect, positive effect on returnee entrepreneurship. Importantly, the findings confirm that these effects vary across intentions to start ventures with different orientations.Originality/valueThis study extends previous literature on the phenomenon of returnee entrepreneurs which has primarily investigated returnee-owned ventures that are already in operation. In particular, the authors provide theoretical links between institutions and other contextual factors affecting returnee entrepreneurial intentions, and this study highlights that it is meaningful to consider not only the strength but also different types of intentions. Thereby, this paper provides refined perspectives on the assumed beneficial impact of returnee entrepreneurs on the economic and societal development of emerging economies.
On the heterogeneity and equifinality of knowledge transfer in small innovative organizations
Authors: Spraggon Martin , Bodolica Virginia 
Published: October 2020

PurposeTo date, it remains unclear whether the experiences of large corporations with regard to knowledge transfer and process formalization can be successfully replicated in small companies. In this paper, the authors seek to contribute to the specialized literature on internal knowledge transfer processes and their degree of formalization in the context of small-sized innovative firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt a multiple case study approach to perform an in-depth comparative analysis of processes deployed to transfer knowledge internally and their degree of formalization, relying on rich narratives shared by informants during the data gathering stage. This sample is composed of five small innovators operating in the software industry in Quebec and Ontario.FindingsThe authors identify seven knowledge transfer processes in our sample, namely communities of practice, within project teams, across project teams, non-project related meetings, in-house exchanges with clients, technological devices, and playful activities. Uncovering a high cross-case variation in terms of process formalization, the findings imply that the degree of formalization of intra-firm knowledge transfer processes has no direct bearing on the innovative success of small software companies.Originality/valueThe study sheds new light on the topic of heterogeneity of small organizations from the perspective of knowledge transfer endeavors and provides empirical evidence in support of equifinality for a subset of small-sized innovators from the software sector.
Stress and myths related to the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects on remote work
Authors: Madero Gómez Sergio , Ortiz Mendoza Oscar Eliud , Ramírez Jacobo , Olivas-Luján Miguel R. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to know the implications that COVID-19 has presented in the workplace to develop research strategies related to issues of human and organizational behavior on the business perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
Quantitative, exploratory based on primary and secondary sources, an online questionnaire was designed and applied with 33 items that was applied in the Mexican work environment, during the period from March 7 to 16, that is, in the same week as WHO made the pandemic declaration for COVID-19, obtaining a total of 332 responses.

Findings
With the descriptive analyzes carried out, it was possible to know the perception that people have of various aspects related to COVID-19, and subsequently the corresponding reliability tests were carried out, obtaining Cronbach’s alpha indexes greater than 0.8. At the beginning of the declaration of pandemic by COVID-19, a relationship was shown between stress and the aspects related to the arrival of COVID-19, showing evidence of its impact on the workforce.

Research limitations/implications
This work has contributed ideas for academics, managers and areas of human resources that can promote the growth and development of people with the aim of achieving comprehensive well-being in the workplace, generating better working conditions owing to the proposal to make remote work a successful strategy in the function of human resources in the workplace and in the improvement of society in general.

Originality/value
This research, in addition to being carried out with information obtained in the first weeks of March 2020, presents a model with ideas and themes to design future research projects and to analyze the post-COVID-19 effects in the workplace, with a business perspective, human behavior and organization.
Functional redundancy imparts process stability to acidic Fe(II)‐oxidizing microbial reactors
Authors: Ayala‐Muñoz Diana , Simister Rachel L. , Crowe Sean A. , Macalady Jennifer L. , Burgos William D. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIn previous work, lab‐scale reactors designed to study microbial Fe(II) oxidation rates at low pH were found to have stable rates under a wide range of pH and Fe(II) concentrations. Since the stirred reactor environment eliminates many of the temporal and spatial variations that promote high diversity among microbial populations in nature, we were surprised that the reactors supported multiple taxa presumed to be autotrophic Fe(II) oxidizers based on their phylogeny. Metagenomic analyses of the reactor communities revealed differences in the metabolic potential of these taxa with respect to Fe(II) oxidation and carbon fixation pathways, acquisition of potentially growth‐limiting substrates and the ability to form biofilms. Our findings support the hypothesis that the long‐term co‐existence of multiple autotrophic Fe(II)‐oxidizing populations in the reactors are due to distinct metabolic potential that supports differential growth in response to limiting resources such as nitrogen, phosphorus and oxygen. Our data also highlight the role of biofilms in creating spatially distinct geochemical niches that enable the co‐existence of multiple taxa that occupy the same apparent metabolic niche when the system is viewed in bulk. The distribution of key metabolic functions across different co‐existing taxa supported functional redundancy and imparted process stability to these reactors.
The bacterial sulfur cycle in expanding dysoxic and euxinic marine waters
Authors: van Vliet Daan M. , von Meijenfeldt F.A. Bastiaan , Dutilh Bas E. , Villanueva Laura , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap S. , Stams Alfons J.M. , Sánchez‐Andrea Irene 
Published: October 2020

Dysoxic marine waters (DMW, < 1 μM oxygen) are currently expanding in volume in the oceans, which has biogeochemical, ecological and societal consequences on a global scale. In these environments, distinct bacteria drive an active sulfur cycle, which has only recently been recognized for open‐ocean DMW. This review summarizes the current knowledge on these sulfur‐cycling bacteria. Critical bottlenecks and questions for future research are specifically addressed. Sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) are core members of DMW. However, their roles are not entirely clear, and they remain largely uncultured. We found support for their remarkable diversity and taxonomic novelty by mining metagenome‐assembled genomes from the Black Sea as model ecosystem. We highlight recent insights into the metabolism of key sulfur‐oxidizing SUP05 and Sulfurimonas bacteria, and discuss the probable involvement of uncultivated SAR324 and BS‐GSO2 bacteria in sulfur oxidation. Uncultivated Marinimicrobia bacteria with a presumed organoheterotrophic metabolism are abundant in DMW. Like SRB, they may use specific molybdoenzymes to conserve energy from the oxidation, reduction or disproportionation of sulfur cycle intermediates such as S0 and thiosulfate, produced from the oxidation of sulfide. We expect that tailored sampling methods and a renewed focus on cultivation will yield deeper insight into sulfur‐cycling bacteria in DMW.
Usage of in situ exopolysaccharide‐forming lactic acid bacteria in food production: Meat products—A new field of application?
Authors: Loeffler Myriam , Hilbig Jonas , Velasco Lina , Weiss Jochen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the meat industry, hydrocolloids and phosphates are used to improve the quality attributes of meat products. However, latest research results revealed that the usage of exopolysaccharide (EPS)‐forming lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are able to produce EPS in situ during processing could be an interesting alternative. The current review aims to give a better understanding of bacterial EPS production in food matrices with a special focus on meat products. This includes an introduction to microbial EPS production (homopolysaccharides as well as heteropolysaccharides) and an overview of parameters affecting EPS formation and yield depending on LAB used. This is followed by a summary of methods to detect and characterize EPS to facilitate a rational selection of starter cultures and fermentation conditions based on desired structure–function relationships in different food matrices. The mechanism of action of in situ generated EPS is then highlighted with an emphasis on different meat products. In the process, this review also highlights food additives currently used in meat production that could in the future be replaced by in situ EPS‐forming LAB.
Deep sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from the tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, in Korea
Authors: Park Ki Beom , Roh Jong Yul , Kim Seong Yoon , Kim Nam‐Yeon , Jo Yong Hun , Jeong Rae‐Dong , Lee Wook‐Gyo , Lee Hee‐Il , Cho Shin‐Hyeong , Lee Yong Seok , Han Yeon Soo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, is widely distributed in China, Japan, and Korea and may transmit infectious diseases. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an important tick‐borne disease caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). Deep sequencing to confirm the presence of SFTSV in ticks has not been reported in Korea. To detect SFTSV, RNA was extracted from tick samples and analyzed using high‐throughput deep sequencing. Based on BLASTN results, numerous SFTSV reads were identified. Moreover, a nearly complete genome of SFTSV (JNU‐1 isolate) was obtained using Sanger sequencing. The genome of the JNU‐1 isolate includes three segments of 6,286, 3,299 and 1,642 nucleotides (nt) termed large (L), medium (M), and small (S), respectively. Also, phylogenetic and recombination analyses for each segment of SFTSV were performed using the JNU‐1 isolate. The three segments of JNU‐1 isolate were closely related to the genotype B known human‐derived Korean SFTSV isolate; the JNU‐1 isolate showed no recombination sites with other isolates. This study is the first report of detection of SFTSV from ticks using deep sequencing in Korea and provides information on the genetic diversity of SFTSV in East Asia.
Occurrence of wooden breast and white striping in Brazilian slaughtering plants and use of near‐infrared spectroscopy and multivariate analysis to identify affected chicken breasts
Authors: de Carvalho Leila Moreira , Madruga Marta Suely , Estévez Mario , Badaró Amanda Teixeira , Barbin Douglas Fernandes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhite Striping (WS) and Wooden Breast (WB) are emerging poultry myopathies that occur worldwide, affecting the quality of meat. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of N, WS, WB, and WS/WB (myopathies combined) in chicken breast from Brazilian commercial plant, comparing (1) inspection based on visual aspect and palpation ofPectoralis majormuscle, and (2) identification of these myopathies by near‐infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS). Chickens slaughtered at Brazilian commercial plant at four age ranges (4 to 5, 6 to 7, 8 to 9, and 65 weeks) were inspected. Spectral information was acquired using a portable NIR spectrometer, and classification models were performed using and Successive Projection Algorithm‐Linear Discriminant Analysis (SPA‐LDA) and Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) to distinguish normal and affected muscles. Results showed that occurrence of myopathies was aggravated by age of slaughter, as chicken slaughtered at 4 to 5 and 65 weeks exhibited 13.6 and 95% of myopathies, respectively. Birds slaughtered at 65 weeks showed no occurrence of WB, isolated or combined with WS. It was not possible to differentiate the WB and WS/WB classes; therefore, those samples were grouped (WB+WS/WB). SPA‐LDA model showed greater accuracy (92 to 93%) in identifying Normal (N), WS, and WB+WS/WB groups, compared to SIMCA (89 to 91%). It can be concluded that the level of occurrence of myopathies in meat is directly related to the age of slaughter. This study demonstrated that NIRS combined with SPA‐LDA model could be used as a tool to detect myopathies in chicken breast. This technique has potential for application in industrial processing lines as an alternative to the traditional methods of identification.Practical ApplicationThis study shows that NIRS combined with chemometric techniques can be used to identify chicken breast myopathies in a wide range of ages at slaughter. In addition to being able to discriminate chicken muscles into subclasses, namely, Normal, WS, and WB/WB+WS, this technique has potential for application in industrial processing lines as it is a portable and nondestructive method. This procedure is emphasized as an alternative to the conventional method of identification based on palpation and visual assessment of muscle.
SCRAPP: A tool to assess the diversity of microbial samples from phylogenetic placements
Authors: Barbera Pierre , Czech Lucas , Lutteropp Sarah , Stamatakis Alexandros 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMicrobial ecology research is currently driven by the continuously decreasing cost of DNA sequencing and the improving accuracy of data analysis methods. One such analysis method is phylogenetic placement, which establishes the phylogenetic identity of the anonymous environmental sequences in a sample by means of a given phylogenetic reference tree. However, assessing the diversity of a sample remains challenging, as traditional methods do not scale well with the increasing data volumes and/or do not leverage the phylogenetic placement information. Here, we present scrapp, a highly parallel and scalable tool that uses a molecular species delimitation algorithm to quantify the diversity distribution over the reference phylogeny for a given phylogenetic placement of the sample. scrapp employs a novel approach to cluster phylogenetic placements, called placement space clustering, to efficiently perform dimensionality reduction, so as to scale on large data volumes. Furthermore, it uses the phylogeny‐aware molecular species delimitation method mPTP to quantify diversity. We evaluated scrapp using both, simulated and empirical data sets. We use simulated data to verify our approach. Tests on an empirical data set show that scrapp‐derived metrics can classify samples by their diversity‐correlated features equally well or better than existing, commonly used approaches. scrapp is available at https://github.com/pbdas/scrapp.
Observations of supervisors and an actuarial research student on the qualitative research process
Authors: Du Jiajie , Bruhn Aaron , Whiting Bronwen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe report on lessons and insights concerning an interview‐based, qualitative research thesis undertaken by an honours year university student in actuarial studies, who had no previous experience with qualitative research. Motivations and the need for research of this nature are provided in depth. Observations are presented on key areas of the research process, from the perspective of both research student and supervisors. This informs future students who may be considering qualitative research, who have not previously engaged in this approach. It also informs supervisors in predominantly quantitative disciplines who may be unfamiliar with some of the nuances of interview‐based approaches.
Epididymal and ejaculated sperm functionality is regulated differently by periovulatory oviductal fluid in pigs
Authors: Soriano‐Úbeda Cristina , Avilés‐López Karen , García‐Vázquez Francisco A. , Romero‐Aguirregomezcorta Jon , Matás Carmen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe current results of in vitro reproduction techniques in pigs, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo development, show high performance with both epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa. However, the results using ejaculated spermatozoa are even better. Ejaculated spermatozoa are exposed to the secretions of the accessory seminal glands: the seminal plasma (SP). It has been reported that exposure of spermatozoa to reproductive fluids, such as SP or periovulatory oviductal fluid (pOF), modulates sperm functionality both in vivo and in vitro. But whether or not this modulating effect of pOF depends on the origin of the spermatozoa being epididymal or ejaculated, is still unknown.ObjectivesTo determine and compare the effect of pOF on epididymal and ejaculated sperm functionality.Material and methodsThe effects of incubating spermatozoa from the epididymis and ejaculate with pOF in capacitating conditions were investigated by analyzing sperm motility, phosphorylation of protein kinase A substrates and proteins in tyrosine (pPKAs and pTyr, respectively), the interaction of the spermatozoa with the oocyte in IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and, finally, the spermatozoa chromatin condensation status.ResultsThe pOF modified events related to capacitation in epididymal spermatozoa by decreasing motility, pPKAs and pTyr. In the interaction with the oocyte after sperm capacitation, pOF regulated the epididymal and ejaculated spermatozoa differently. While pOF decreased the number of spermatozoa bound to the zona pellucida (Spz/ZP) and increased oocyte activation after ICSI with epididymal spermatozoa, with the ejaculated spermatozoa, it decreased the mean number penetrating each oocyte (Spz/O). Additionally, pOF significantly increased the nuclear decondensation of the epididymal spermatozoa after the fertilization of the oocyte.ConclusionThe modulation of sperm functionality by pOF is conditioned by the origin of the spermatozoa.
Seminal exosomal miR‐210‐3p as a potential marker of Sertoli cell damage in Varicocele
Authors: Ma Yi , Zhou Yan , Xiao Qian , Zou Sha‐Sha , Zhu Yin‐Ci , Ping Ping , Chen Xiang‐Feng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundVaricocoele‐associated stressors, such as hypoxia and heat, can damage cell function and viability, and some exosomal biomarkers released from impaired cells may reflect the cell status in testis.ObjectivesTo find if seminal exosomal microRNAs can reflect the Sertoli cell function in varicocoele.Materials and methodsExperimental left varicocoele rat model was established (n = 24), and patients with different grades of varicocoele (n = 104) were enrolled. Primary rat Sertoli cells were isolated with enzymatic hydrolysis. Exosomes were isolated from primary rat Sertoli cells, rat epididymis tissue, and human seminal plasma with polymer‐based precipitation method. Exosomal microRNAs were quantified with qPCR. Inhibin‐B was detected with enzyme immunoassay. The correlation analysis between microRNA and inhibin‐B was evaluated with Spearman's correlation.ResultsWe screened 12 previously reported hypoxia‐responsive microRNAs in the primary rat Sertoli cells and found that 4 exosomal microRNAs increased significantly in response to in vitro hypoxia treatment (P < .05). Of the 4 microRNAs, only miR‐210‐3p was upregulated in the rats with experimental varicocoele (P < .01). In the patients with varicocoele, we found that seminal exosomal miR‐210‐3p significantly increased in patients with grade II and III varicocoele (P < .01), and miR‐210‐3p negatively correlated with sperm count (P < .01) and seminal inhibin‐B expression (r = −0.39, P < .01). For the 30 patients with microsurgical varicocelectomy, the operation notably decreased miR‐210‐3p (P < .01).Discussion and ConclusionSeminal exosomal miR‐210‐3p may be a novel, sensitive, and non‐invasive biomarker of Sertoli cell damage in varicocoele.
Permeability and Protest in Lane 49: Entangling Materialities of Place with Housing Activism in Shanghai
Authors: Larrington‐Spencer Harriet , Browne Alison , Petrova Saska 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSince China’s implementation of a neo‐liberal housing regime, housing activism has boomed. Whilst activism is ultimately in place, as increasingly recognised within protest work, there is limited reflection upon how permeable material histories are entangled with thethrowntogethernessof place as a site for protest. Employing ethnography over three months, this article follows the emergence, organisation and implementation of housing activism in Lane 49, a public housing community in downtown Shanghai. Utilising feminist geography and feminist political theorisations of material permeability this article contributes to Chinese geographies of protest, providing a local epistemology of housing activism which demonstrates the importance of drawing materiality into understandings of activist tactics. The article also contributes to radical geographies of protest by deconstructing the idea of public protest in a public place and thus offering opportunities to demonstrate how, through blurring public‐private binaries, protest can emerge and survive in authoritative governance regimes.