bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No sustained effects of an intervention to prevent excessive GWG on offspring fat and lean mass at 54 weeks: Yet a greater head circumference persists
Authors: Whyte Kathryn , Johnson Jill , Kelly Kim , Horowitz Michelle , Widen Elizabeth M. , Toro‐Ramos Tatiana , Gidwani Sonia , Paley Charles , Crane Janet , Lin Susan , Rosenn Barak , Thornton John , Pi‐Sunyer F. Xavier , Gallagher Dympna 
Published: January 2021

SummaryBackgroundLIFT (Lifestyle Intervention for Two) trial found that intervening in women with overweight and obesity through promoting healthy diet and physical activity to control gestational weight gain (GWG) resulted in neonates with greater weight, lean mass and head circumference and similar fat mass at birth. Whether these neonate outcomes are sustained at 1‐year was the focus of this investigation.MethodsMeasures included body composition by PEA POD air displacement plethysmography (ADP) and Echo Infant quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) and head circumference at birth (n = 169), 14 (n = 136) and 54 weeks (n = 137). Differences in fat and lean mass between lifestyle intervention (LI) and Usual care (UC) groups were examined using ANCOVA adjusting for maternal age and BMI, GWG, offspring sex and age.ResultsCompared to UC, LI infants had similar weight (112 ± 131 g; P = .40), fat mass (14 ± 80 g; P = .86), lean mass (100 ± 63 g; P = .12) at 14 weeks and similar weight (168 ± 183 g; P = .36), fat mass (148 ± 124 g; P = .24), lean mass (117 ± 92 g; P = .21) at 54 weeks. Head circumference was greater in LI at 54 weeks (0.46 ± 2.1 cm P = .03).ConclusionsGreater lean mass observed at birth in LI offspring was not sustained at 14 and 54 weeks, whereas the greater head circumference in LI offspring persisted at 54 weeks.
Effects of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor, febuxostat, on the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and synchronous genes in MDCK cells treated with calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals
Authors: Miyazawa Katsuhito , Nakai Dan , Nakamura Yuka , Tatsuno Takanori , Inoue Shinya , Nakazawa Yusuke , Ishigaki Yasuhito 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivesTo examine the effects of the selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat on the expression of inflammation‐related genes involved in stone formation.MethodsMadin‐Darby canine kidney cells were exposed to febuxostat, followed by calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals. Monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 messenger ribonucleic acid expression levels were determined by real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Deoxyribonucleic acid microarray analysis was utilized to evaluate gene expression.ResultsCalcium oxalate monohydrate crystals activated monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 messenger ribonucleic acid expression in a time‐ and concentration‐dependent manner. Febuxostat suppressed monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 expression. The expression levels of a group of inflammatory genes, including interleukin‐8 and chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 10, which are downstream of reactive oxygen species, fluctuated similarly to the observed monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 fluctuations and were reduced by febuxostat pretreatment.ConclusionsFebuxostat exerts preventive effects against reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress, and might represent a potential treatment for calcium oxalate stones. In the present study, febuxostat downregulated the calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal‐induced monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 messenger ribonucleic acid expression.
Power relations inscribed in the enactment of systems development methods
Authors: Rowlands Bruce , Kautz Karlheinz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIssues of power are often neglected in information systems (IS) studies and under‐theorised in IS research. Systems development methods (SDMs) are commonly used in the IT industry to coordinate the activities between developers and clients. The role of power in the relationship between clients and systems developers remains an important topic of research in information systems development (ISD). Yet, despite the importance of understanding this relationship better, there has only been a limited number of studies exploring the role that an SDM can play in influencing this relationship. What is not widely acknowledged or researched is how different forms of power are inscribed in and enacted through an SDM. The aim of this paper is to advance our understanding of different forms of power—here, obtrusive and unobtrusive power—to show how ISD concepts provide structures during the enactment of an SDM and thereby influence relationships between developers and clients. We present qualitative results from an exploratory case study within an IT division of a large international bank and interpret the results using Clegg's (1989) circuits of power (CoP). Our analysis shows that developers feel disempowered in relation to the client, with developers playing a cooperative but submissive role. Prior SDM enactment studies have either not encountered or not recognised cases where obtrusive and unobtrusive forms of power inscribed within the SDM directly determine the relationship between developers and the client. Our results are presented as a set of propositions explaining how obtrusive and unobtrusive power is inscribed in the SDM and the effect such inscription has on the enactment of the SDM.
Axial spondyloarthritis: new advances in diagnosis and management
Authors: Ritchlin Christopher , Adamopoulos Iannis E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is an inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton associated with significant pain and disability. Previously, the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis required advanced changes on plain radiographs of the sacroiliac joints. Classification criteria released in 2009, however, identified a subset of patients, under the age of 45, with back pain for more than three months in the absence of radiographic sacroiliitis who were classified as axSpA based on a positive magnetic resonance imaging or HLAB27 positivity and specific clinical features. This subgroup was labeled non-radiographic (nr)-axSpA. These patients, compared with those identified by the older New York criteria, contained a larger percentage of women and demonstrated less structural damage. However, their clinical manifestations and response to biologics were similar to radiographic axSpA. The discovery of the interleukin (IL) IL-23/IL-17 pathway revealed key molecules involved in the pathophysiology of axSpA. This discovery propelled the generation of antibodies directed toward IL-17A, which are highly effective and demonstrate treatment responses in axSpA that are similar to those observed with anti-TNF agents. The finding that agents that block IL-23 were not effective in axSpA came as a surprise and the potential underlying mechanisms underlying this lack of response are discussed. New agents with dual inhibition of the IL-17A and F isoforms and some oral small molecule agents that target the Jak-STAT pathway, have also shown efficacy in axSpA.
Prognostic value of advanced lung cancer inflammation index in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases undergoing surgery
Authors: Pian Guangzhe , Hong Sung Yeon , Oh Seung Yeop 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Recently, a new inflammatory marker, the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI), was reported as a prognostic marker in patients with several cancers. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of ALI in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CLM) undergoing surgery. Methods: From June 2009 to June 2018, 141 patients underwent a surgery for CLM at Ajou University Hospital, of whom 132 without extrahepatic metastases, systemic inflammatory diseases, or immune system diseases were enrolled in this study. The ALI was calculated using the following formula: ALI = body mass index × serum albumin/neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. The patients were divided into high (n = 32) and low (n = 100) ALI groups according to the preoperative optimal cutoff value of 70.40 that was determined by X-tile software. Results: Patients with low ALI had a significantly worse overall survival (OS) compared to the high ALI group ( p = 0.010). Multivariate analysis showed that ALI and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were independently associated with OS ( p = 0.009 and p = 0.042, respectively). Among the patients with CEA >5 ng/mL, the low ALI group had a significantly worse OS compared to the high ALI group ( p = 0.013). Conclusion: Preoperative ALI was a prognostic factor in patients with CLM undergoing surgery. In particular, the prognostic impact of ALI was more prominent in the patients with CEA >5 ng/mL.
Operative Treatment of Bipartite Patella in Pediatric and Adolescent Athletes: A Retrospective Comparison With a Nonoperatively Treated Cohort
Authors: Kallini Jennifer , Micheli Lyle J. , Miller Patricia E. , Kramer Dennis E. , Kocher Mininder S. , Heyworth Benton E. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Bipartite patella (BPP) is a developmental anomaly that forms when incomplete patellar ossification leaves a residual fibrocartilaginous synchondrosis between ossification centers. Repetitive traction forces across the synchondrosis can cause knee pain, most commonly presenting in adolescence. Symptoms frequently resolve with nonoperative management. Few surgical case series exist to guide treatment approaches for refractory pain. Purpose: To investigate the clinical features, surgical techniques, and outcomes associated with operative treatment of symptomatic BPP in pediatric and adolescent athletes and to compare features of the series with a large control group managed nonoperatively. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective medical record review was conducted of all patients aged ≤20 years who were diagnosed with symptomatic, radiologically confirmed BPP between 2003 and 2018 at a single tertiary-care pediatric hospital (N = 266). Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed, and additional radiologic and perioperative variables were collected for the surgical subcohort. Results: Of the 266 patients included, 27 were treated operatively (10.2%). When compared with those treated nonoperatively (with rest, physical therapy, cryotherapy, and anti-inflammatory medications), the operatively managed group experienced a longer duration of symptoms before first presentation (21.5 vs 7.6 months; P < .001) and were more likely to be older (mean age, 15.4 vs 12.4 years; P < .001), female (59.3% vs 35.6%; P = .03), and competitive athletes (100% vs 84.5%; P = .02). In the 27 patients treated operatively, procedures were categorized as isolated fragment excision (n = 9), fragment excision with lateral release (n = 8), isolated lateral release (n = 5), fragment screw fixation (n = 4), and synchondrosis drilling (n = 1). The mean time between surgery and return to sports was 2.2 months. Four patients (14.8%) reported residual symptoms requiring secondary surgery, including lateral release (n = 1), excision of residual fragment (n = 1), and fixation screw removal (n = 2). Conclusion: BPP can cause knee pain in adolescent athletes and is generally responsive to nonoperative treatment. Patients undergoing surgical treatment—most commonly female competitive athletes with prolonged symptoms—represented 10% of cases. A variety of surgical techniques may be effective, with a 15% risk of persistent or recurrent symptoms warranting reoperation. Prospective multicenter investigations are needed to identify optimal candidates for earlier interventions and the optimal operative treatment technique.
An Overview of Self-piercing Riveting Process with Focus on Joint Failures, Corrosion Issues and Optimisation Techniques
Authors: Ang Hua Qian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSelf-piercing riveting (SPR) is a cold forming technique used to fasten together two or more sheets of materials with a rivet without the need to predrill a hole. The application of SPR in the automotive sector has become increasingly popular mainly due to the growing use of lightweight materials in transportation applications. However, SPR joining of these advanced light materials remains a challenge as these materials often lack a good combination of high strength and ductility to resist the large plastic deformation induced by the SPR process. In this paper, SPR joints of advanced materials and their corresponding failure mechanisms are discussed, aiming to provide the foundation for future improvement of SPR joint quality. This paper is divided into three major sections: 1) joint failures focusing on joint defects originated from the SPR process and joint failure modes under different mechanical loading conditions, 2) joint corrosion issues, and 3) joint optimisation via process parameters and advanced techniques.
Direct and cross price elasticities of demand for gasoline, diesel, hybrid and battery electric cars: the case of Norway
Authors: Fridstrøm Lasse , Østli Vegard 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aim
The primary goals of this research is (i) to derive direct and cross demand market response functions for automobile powertrains and their energy carriers and (ii) to assess how CO2 emissions from automobiles depend on vehicle and energy prices

Methods
The market demand for automobiles with differing powertrains is studied by means of a discrete choice model. Statistically precise coefficient estimates are calculated by means of a highly disaggregate data set consisting of virtually all 1.8 million new passenger car transactions in Norway during 2002–2016. Having estimated the model, we derive market response parameters in the form of direct and cross price elasticities of demand for gasoline, diesel, ordinary hybrid, plug-in hybrid and battery electric cars.

Results
The own-price elasticity of gasoline driven cars is estimated at −1.08, and those of diesel driven, battery electric and plug-in hybrid electric cars at –0.99, −1.27 and −1.72, respectively, as of 2016 in Norway. The cross price elasticities of demand for gasoline cars with respect to the price of diesel cars, and vice versa, are estimated at 0.64 and 0.51, while the cross price elasticities of demand for battery electric cars with respect to the prices of gasoline and diesel driven cars come out at 0.36 and 0.48, respectively. A 1 % increase in the price of liquid fuel in general is found to reduce the average type approval rate of CO2 emission from new passenger cars by an estimated 0.19%.

Conclusion
Fiscal policy measures affecting the prices of vehicles and fuel have a considerable potential for changing the long term composition of the vehicle fleet and its energy consumption, climate footprint and general environmental impact.
Alternative adjustment for seasonality and long-term time-trend in time-series analysis for long-term environmental exposures and disease counts
Authors: Kim Honghyok , Lee Jong-Tae , Fong Kelvin C. , Bell Michelle L. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Time-series analysis with case-only data is a prominent method for the effect of environmental determinants on disease events in environmental epidemiology. In this analysis, adjustment for seasonality and long-term time-trend is crucial to obtain valid findings. When applying this analysis for long-term exposure (e.g., months, years) of which effects are usually studied via survival analysis with individual-level longitudinal data, unlike its application for short-term exposure (e.g., days, weeks), a standard adjustment method for seasonality and long-term time-trend can extremely inflate standard error of coefficient estimates of the effects. Given that individual-level longitudinal data are difficult to construct and often available to limited populations, if this inflation of standard error can be solved, rich case-only data over regions and countries would be very useful to test a variety of research hypotheses considering unique local contexts.

Methods
We discuss adjustment methods for seasonality and time-trend used in time-series analysis in environmental epidemiology and explain why standard errors can be inflated. We suggest alternative methods to solve this problem. We conduct simulation analyses based on real data for Seoul, South Korea, 2002–2013, and time-series analysis using real data for seven major South Korean cities, 2006–2013 to identify whether the association between long-term exposure and health outcomes can be estimated via time-series analysis with alternative adjustment methods.

Results
Simulation analyses and real-data analysis confirmed that frequently used adjustment methods such as a spline function of a variable representing time extremely inflate standard errors of estimates for associations between long-term exposure and health outcomes. Instead, alternative methods such as a combination of functions of variables representing time can make sufficient adjustment with efficiency.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that time-series analysis with case-only data can be applied for estimating long-term exposure effects. Rich case-only data such as death certificates and hospitalization records combined with repeated measurements of environmental determinants across countries would have high potentials for investigating the effects of long-term exposure on health outcomes allowing for unique contexts of local populations.
Severe Guillain-Barré syndrome after surgery for multiple fractures: a rare case report with a 5-year follow-up and a brief review of the literature
Authors: Chen Jian , Ma Jian-xiong , Zuo Cai-hong , Zhang Qing , Chen Heng-ting , Ma Xin-long 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common and serious acute paralytic neuropathy and is usually caused by infection. It is thought to be the result of an aberrant response of the immune system. To our knowledge, GBS, especially severe GBS, after orthopaedic surgery has rarely been reported.

Case presentation
We herein report the case of a 58-year-old man who developed quadriplegia and respiratory failure on the 6th day after surgery for multiple fractures. The patient had no symptoms of respiratory or gastrointestinal tract infection within 4 weeks before the onset. The white blood cell count was normal, and there was no redness, swelling, heat or pain in the surgical incision. Brain, cervical and thoracic magnetic resonance imaging were normal, albuminocytological dissociation was found on cerebrospinal fluid examination, and electrophysiological examination showed that sensory and motor nerve evoked potentials could not be elicited. A diagnosis of post-traumatic GBS was made, and the patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange, as well as supportive care and rehabilitation exercise. The length of stay was 18 months, and the in-hospital-related costs amounted to $127,171. At the last follow-up, the patient had recovered only grade 3 power in the upper limbs and grade 2 power in the lower limbs.

Conclusions
Severe GBS is a rare complication after orthopaedic surgery. When progressive weakness occurs in trauma patients, the possibility of GBS should be considered, and cerebrospinal fluid and electrophysiological examinations should be performed in a timely manner. For patients with severe GBS after trauma, the treatment costs may be high, and the prognosis may be poor.
Construction and prognostic analysis of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer
Authors: Cai Ruyun , Lu Qian , Wang Da 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, and liver metastasis is the leading cause of colorectal cancer-related deaths. However, the mechanism of liver metastasis in CRC has not been clearly elucidated.MethodsThree datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were subjected to functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction analysis. Subsequently, mRNA-miRNA network was constructed, and the associated DEGs and DEMs were performed for prognostic analysis. Finally, we did infiltration analysis of growth arrest specific 1 (GAS1)-associated immune cells.ResultsWe obtained 325 DEGs and 9 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between primary CRC and liver metastases. Enrichment analysis and protein-protein interactions (PPI) further revealed the involvement of DEGs in the formation of the inflammatory microenvironment and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during the liver metastases process in CRC. Survival analysis demonstrated that low-expressed GAS1 as well as low-expressed hsa-miR-33b-5p was a favorable prognostic indicator of overall survival. Further exploration of GAS1 revealed that its expression was interrelated with the infiltration of immune cells in tumor tissues.ConclusionsIn summary, DEGs, DEMs, and their interactions found in liver metastasis of CRC may provide a basis for further understanding of the mechanism of CRC metastasis.
Dynamic changes of region-specific cortical features and scalp-to-cortex distance: implications for transcranial current stimulation modeling
Authors:   for the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies, Lu Hanna , Li Jing , Zhang Li , Chan Sandra Sau Man , Lam Linda Chiu Wa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Transcranial current stimulation in rehabilitation is a fast-growing field featured with computational and biophysical modeling. Cortical features and scalp-to-cortex distance (SCD) are key variables for determining the strength and distribution of the electric field, yet longitudinal studies able to capture these dynamic changes are missing. We sought to investigate and quantify the ageing effect on the morphometry and SCD of left primary motor cortex (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in normal ageing adults and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) converters.

Methods
Baseline, 1-year and 3-year follow-up structural magnetic resonance imaging scans from normal ageing adults (n = 32), and MCI converters (n = 22) were drawn from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies. We quantified the changes of the cortical features and SCDs of left M1 and DLPFC, including grey matter volume, white matter volume, cortical thickness, and folding. Head model was developed to simulate the impact of SCD on the electric field induced by transcranial current stimulation.

Results
Pronounced ageing effect was found on the SCD of left DLPFC in MCI converters. The SCD change of left DLPFC from baseline to 3-year follow-up demonstrated better performance to discriminate MCI converters from normal ageing adults than the other morphometric measures. The strength of electric field was consequently decreased with SCD in MCI converters.

Conclusion
Ageing has a prominent, but differential effect on the region-specific SCD and cortical features in older adults with cognitive impairments. Our findings suggest that SCD, cortical thickness, and folding of the targeted regions could be used as valuable imaging markers when conducting transcranial brain stimulation in individuals with brain atrophy.