bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water quality restoration by harvesting mixed culture microalgae using Moringa oleifera
Authors: Singh Gulab , Patidar Shailendra Kumar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExcessive growth of microalgae due to use of fertilizers, detergents, and discharge of domestic waste results in the eutrophication and degradation of the water quality of lakes and ponds. The present study aimed to improve the quality of pond water by harvesting mixed cultures of microalgae grown in a pond using Moringa oleifera (MO) extract as a coagulant. The study comprises evaluating the effects of coagulant dose, pH, mixing time, mixing rate, settling time, temperature, and algal biomass concentration on nutrient and microalgae cell removal. The pond water quality restoration was assessed by characterization of raw and MO‐treated water. The MO was found to be very effective for mixed culture microalgae harvesting with flocculation efficiency of 92.97% at dose of 15 ml/L of MO extract, pH 8, mixing time 5 min, mixing rate 30 rpm, and 20‐min settling time. The results have shown significant improvement in pond water quality with reduction in turbidity from 388.16 ± 48.23 to 8.39 ± 1.0 NTU, chlorophyll‐a from 635.01 ± 86.20 to 15.03 ± 1.5 mg/m3, total nitrogen (TN) from 20.37 ± 4.64 to 12.10 ± 1.19 mg/L, and total phosphorus (TP) from 2.05 ± 0.10 to 1.61 ± 0.24 mg/L.Practitioner points

Production of biomass and water quality improvement of the pond at the same time

MO extract shows better removal efficiency at a lower dose with fast kinetics

Cost‐effective flocculant saves time and energy during flocculation

Common bioflocculant to remove both microalgae and nutrients.
Asymptotic dynamics of AdS3 gravity with two asymptotic regions
Authors: Henneaux Marc , Merbis Wout , Ranjbar Arash 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The asymptotic dynamics of AdS3 gravity with two asymptotically anti-de Sitter regions is investigated, paying due attention to the zero modes, i.e., holonomies along non-contractible circles and their canonically conjugates. This situation covers the eternal black hole solution. We derive how the holonomies around the non-contractible circles couple the fields on the two different boundaries and show that their canonically conjugate variables, needed for a consistent dynamical description of the holonomies, can be related to Wilson lines joining the boundaries. The action reduces to the sum of four free chiral actions, one for each boundary and each chirality, with additional non-trivial couplings to the zero modes which are explicitly written. While the Gauss decomposition of the SL(2, ℝ) group elements is useful in order to treat hyperbolic holonomies, the Iwasawa decomposition turns out to be more convenient in order to deal with elliptic and parabolic holonomies. The connection with the geometric action is also made explicit. Although our paper deals with the specific example of two asymptotically anti-de Sitter regions, most of our global considerations on holonomies and radial Wilson lines qualitatively apply whenever there are multiple boundaries, independently of the form that the boundary conditions explicitly take there.
2-Edge-Colored Chromatic Number of Grids is at Most 9
Authors: Dybizbański Janusz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA 2-edge-colored graph is a pair$$(G, \sigma )$$(G,σ)whereGis a graph, and$$\sigma :E(G)\rightarrow \{\text {'}+\text {'},\text {'}-\text {'}\}$$σ:E(G)→{'+','-'}is a function which marks all edges with signs. A 2-edge-colored coloring of the 2-edge-colored graph$$(G, \sigma )$$(G,σ)is a homomorphism into a 2-edge-colored graph$$(H, \delta )$$(H,δ). The 2-edge-colored chromatic number of the 2-edge-colored graph$$(G, \sigma )$$(G,σ)is the minimum order ofH. In this paper we show that for every 2-dimensional grid$$(G, \sigma )$$(G,σ)there exists a homomorphism from$$(G, \sigma )$$(G,σ)into the 2-edge-colored Paley graph$$SP_9$$SP9. Hence, the 2-edge-colored chromatic number of the 2-edge-colored grids is at most 9. This improves the upper bound on this number obtained recently by Bensmail. Additionally, we show that 2-edge-colored chromatic number of the 2-edge-colored grids with 3 columns is at most 8.
Two-Dimensional RBF-ENO Method on Unstructured Grids
Authors: Hesthaven Jan S. , Mönkeberg Fabian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEssentially non-oscillatory (ENO) and weighted ENO (WENO) methods on equidistant Cartesian grids are widely used to solve partial differential equations with discontinuous solutions. However, stable ENO/WENO methods on unstructured grids are less well studied. We propose a high-order ENO method based on radial basis function (RBF) to solve hyperbolic conservation laws on general two-dimensional grids. The radial basis function reconstruction offers a flexible way to deal with ill-conditioned cell constellations. We introduce a smoothness indicator based on RBFs and a stencil selection algorithm suitable for general meshes. Furthermore, we develop a stable method to evaluate the RBF reconstruction in the finite volume setting which circumvents the stagnation of the error and keeps the condition number of the reconstruction bounded. We conclude with several challenging numerical examples in two dimensions to show the robustness of the method.
Improving Automated Geological Logging of Drill Holes by Incorporating Multiscale Spatial Methods
Authors: Hill E. June , Pearce Mark A. , Stromberg Jessica M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractManually interpreting multivariate drill hole data is very time-consuming, and different geologists will produce different results due to the subjective nature of geological interpretation. Automated or semi-automated interpretation of numerical drill hole data is required to reduce time and subjectivity of this process. However, results from machine learning algorithms applied to drill holes, without reference to spatial information, typically result in numerous small-scale units. These small-scale units result not only from the presence of very small rock units, which may be below the scale of interest, but also from misclassification. A novel method is proposed that uses the continuous wavelet transform to identify geological boundaries and uses wavelet coefficients to indicate boundary strength. The wavelet coefficient is a useful measure of boundary strength because it reflects both wavelength and amplitude of features in the signal. This means that boundary strength is an indicator of the apparent thickness of geological units and the amount of change occurring at each geological boundary. For multivariate data, boundaries from multiple variables are combined and multiscale domains are calculated using the combined boundary strengths. The method is demonstrated using multi-element geochemical data from mineral exploration drill holes. The method is fast, reduces misclassification, provides a choice of scales of interpretation and results in hierarchical classification for large scales where domains may contain more than one rock type.
Standardized Regression Coefficients and Newly Proposed Estimators for R2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$${R}^{{2}}$$\end{document} in Multiply Imputed Data
Authors: van Ginkel Joost R. 
Published: March 2020

Whenever statistical analyses are applied to multiply imputed datasets, specific formulas are needed to combine the results into one overall analysis, also called combination rules. In the context of regression analysis, combination rules for the unstandardized regression coefficients, the t-tests of the regression coefficients, and the F-tests for testing R2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$R^{2}$$\end{document} for significance have long been established. However, there is still no general agreement on how to combine the point estimators of R2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$R^{2}$$\end{document} in multiple regression applied to multiply imputed datasets. Additionally, no combination rules for standardized regression coefficients and their confidence intervals seem to have been developed at all. In the current article, two sets of combination rules for the standardized regression coefficients and their confidence intervals are proposed, and their statistical properties are discussed. Additionally, two improved point estimators of R2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$R^{2}$$\end{document} in multiply imputed data are proposed, which in their computation use the pooled standardized regression coefficients. Simulations show that the proposed pooled standardized coefficients produce only small bias and that their 95% confidence intervals produce coverage close to the theoretical 95%. Furthermore, the simulations show that the newly proposed pooled estimates for R2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{wasysym}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{upgreek}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}
\begin{document}$$R^{2}$$\end{document} are less biased than two earlier proposed pooled estimates.
Didymella corylicola sp. nov., a new fungus associated with hazelnut fruit development in Italy
Authors: Scarpari Marzia , Vitale Salvatore , Di Giambattista Giuseppe , Luongo Laura , De Gregorio Tommaso , Schreiber Giulio , Petrucci Mariangela , Belisario Alessandra , Voglmayr Hermann 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA new fungal species constantly associated with hazelnut (Corylus avellana) fructification starting from its primordia is described. The fungus is associated with hazelnut fruit during all their developmental stages, being consistently more present in spring (March–June). A 4-year survey has been conducted, from young fruit formation to full kernel maturity including also the post-harvest phase, to collect fungi associated with damaged/discoloured kernels. A collection of 60 isolates of a new species has been obtained in this study, which is here described as Didymella corylicola sp. nov. Multi-locus phylogenies based on four genomic loci (nuITS and LSU rDNA, RPB2 and TUB2) in combination with morphological data confirmed the fungus to represent a new species of Didymella (Didymellaceae). The occurrence of D. corylicola sp. nov. might have an impact on the quality of hazelnut production by contributing to kernel defects.
Measurements of Water-Air Flow Phenomena in a Chamber with a Rotating Shaft
Authors: Tiutiurski Paweł , Hercel Paulina , Telega Janusz , Kardaś Dariusz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe paper concerns the phenomena of the fluid film that occurs in the bearing chamber of an aircraft engine. The geometry of the system includes two concentric cylinders, between which there is a mixture of oil and air. The fluid circulates in a closed circuit. The rotary movement of the inner cylinder causes creation of the fluid film on the walls of the chamber. The article proposes a measurement method that is allowing observation of this fluid film and, in particular, analysis of the movement of the air bubbles occurring in the film. An own model of the bearing chamber with transparent walls was constructed for the research. For the investigation, water was used instead of oil. Observation of the behaviour of the flow was possible thanks to video recordings made with the use of a fast-capture camera. The results presented in the paper include velocity magnitudes of the air bubbles in the fluid film in dependence on the rotational speed of the shaft and water volume fraction and with a range from 0.37 to 0.91 m/s. The results presented in this article can be used for the bearing chamber numerical models validation.
Professional Development in Visual Arts
Authors: Puppe Linda , Jossberger Helen , Stein Isabell , Gruber Hans 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the domain of visual arts, professional artists usually graduate from academies and universities. For professional development, art students must practise domain-specific activities. Support from lecturers and exchanges with fellow students also help advance accomplishments. Amateurs without academic or vocational artistic education can acquire their skills autodidactically or attend courses such as those at an adult-education centre. Empirical research in the domain of visual arts remains scarce; therefore, the present study’s objective was to analyse which kinds of domain-specific practice activities and social interactions artists, intermediates and amateurs rate as relevant to their artistic development in visual arts. The Professional Development in Arts Questionnaire (PDA-Q), including closed and open questions, was developed to examine artists’ activities and interactions. In this study, 81 experts, 58 intermediates and 31 amateurs participated. Experts and intermediates perceived domain-specific practice activities working on artworks and reflecting as the most important in their professional development. Experts and intermediates also rated these two activities as the most demanding. Amateurs rated these activities as less relevant and demanding. Experts and intermediates most often received feedback from lecturers and fellow students, while amateurs most often received feedback from friends and family. Experts and intermediates cited lecturers as being the most helpful sources of feedback, while amateurs cited family.
Health Demands Moderate the Link Between Willpower Beliefs and Physical Activity in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Di Maio Sally , Keller Jan , Job Veronika , Felsenberg Dieter , Ertel Wolfgang , Schwarzer Ralf , Knoll Nina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Regular physical activity (PA) was found to alleviate pain and improve functioning among patients with osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK). Heightened health demands due to OAK severity, body mass index (BMI), and depressive symptoms may require self-regulatory strategies to engage in more PA. Research on willpower—the capacity to exert self-control—suggests that believing that willpower is a nonlimited rather than a limited resource predicts effective self-regulation specifically when demands are high. The present study examines the association of OAK patients’ willpower beliefs with their daily PA as a function of health demands.

Methods
To identify the moderating role of OAK severity (WOMAC), BMI, and depressive symptoms (CES-D) on the link between willpower beliefs and objectively assessed PA over a 7-day period, baseline data of a registered randomized controlled trial with 243 patients (Mage = 65.47 years, SD = 0.49) were examined in secondary analyses.

Results
Moderation analyses revealed that overall positive associations of willpower beliefs with PA were further qualified by OAK severity, BMI, and depressive symptoms. When patients faced less health demands, believing that willpower is nonlimited was associated with more PA. When health demands were higher, willpower beliefs were not associated with PA.

Conclusion
OAK patients’ willpower beliefs were associated with PA. However, facing more health demands seemed to erase this beneficial link. Improving willpower beliefs by way of intervention may help to shed more light on predictive direction and ways to overcome barriers to regular physical activity.
Was heißt signifikant – geheilt oder nur etwas besser? Ein Vergleich verschiedener Berechnungsmethoden zur Bewertung von Veränderungen der depressiven Symptomatik bei ambulanten Rehabilitanden
Authors: Senft Birgit , Fischer-Hansal Daniela , Schosser Alexandra 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Zur Bewertung des Behandlungserfolgs bei depressiven Symptomen stehen unterschiedliche statistische Methoden zur Verfügung. Effektgrößen, prozentuale Verbesserung, signifikante Verbesserung und klinisch signifikante Verbesserung sind gängige Methoden zur Bewertung von Behandlungsergebnissen basierend auf „Patient Reported Outcomes“.

Fragestellung
Wie unterscheiden sich die Behandlungsergebnisse in Abhängigkeit von der verwendeten Methode?

Methodik
Für N = 3018 Patienten einer ambulanten psychiatrischen Rehabilitationsklinik wurden Verbesserungen anhand von Effektgrößen, prozentuellen Veränderungen, signifikanten und klinisch signifikanten Veränderungen im Beck Depressions-Inventar (BDI-II) berechnet.

Ergebnisse
Für die Gesamtgruppe zeigt sich ein gut mittlerer Effekt von d = 0,62, der nach Ausschluss von zum Zeitpunkt der Aufnahme nicht depressiven (euthymen) Patienten als groß bewertet werden kann (d = 0,79). Die stärkste Aussagekraft für die Symptomreduktion der Depression hat die Methode der klinischen Signifikanz, bei einem Cut-off von 13 Punkten wurden 23 % als klinisch signifikant und weitere 19,3 % als signifikant gebessert klassifiziert. Bei der Methode der prozentuellen Verbesserung erreichten 30,4 % der Patienten einen Wert von mindestens 50 %.

Schlussfolgerungen
Effektgrößen geben einen groben Überblick über den Behandlungserfolg eines Patientenkollektivs ohne Berücksichtigung des Endzustands und der Variabilität innerhalb des Kollektivs. Die prozentuelle Veränderung scheint eher für die Kontrolle des Ansprechens auf eine Behandlung geeignet zu sein. Ergebnisse zur klinischen Signifikanz geben am transparentesten Auskunft über signifikante Verbesserungen und den Wechsel vom dysfunktionalen in den funktionalen Bereich.
Revisiting the Twentieth Century Through the Lens of Generation X and Digital Games: A Scoping Review
Authors: Marston Hannah R. , del Carmen Miranda Duro María 
Published: March 2020

AbstractVideo games have been around since the 1960s and have impacted upon society in a myriad of different ways. The purpose of this scoping review is to identify existing literature within the domain of video games which recruited participants from the Generation X (1965–1980) cohort. Six databases were searched (ACM, CINHAL Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) focusing on published journal papers between 1970 and 2000. Search results identified 3186 articles guided by the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR); 4 papers were irretrievable, 138 duplicated papers were removed, leaving 3048 were assessed for eligibility and 3026 were excluded. Articles (n = 22) were included into this review, with four papers primarily published in 1997 and in 1999. Thematic analysis identified five primary themes: purpose and objectives, respective authors’ reporting, technology, ethics and environment) and seven secondary themes: populations, type of participants (e.g. children, students), ethical approval, study design, reimbursement, language, type of assessments. This scoping review is distinctive because it primarily focuses on Generation X, who have experienced and grown-up with videogames, and contributes to several disciplines including: game studies, gerontology and health, and has wider implications from a societal, design and development perspective of video games.
For Whom the Games Toll: A Qualitative and Intergenerational Evaluation of What is Serious in Games for Older Adults
Authors: Khalili-Mahani Najmeh , De Schutter Bob , Mirgholami Mahsa , Holowka Eileen Mary , Goodine Rebecca , DeJong Scott , McGaw Roseleen , Meyer Sue , Sawchuk Kim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to engage older adults in discussions about digital serious games. Using a qualitative exploratory approach, we report observations from more than 100 h of conversations with individuals in the age range 65–90, in a study entitled “Finding better games for older adults” (June 2017–December 2019). Phase 1 (19 older participants, 3 young research students) involved conversations around a quantitative study of cognitive benefits of digital playing (minimum 6 h/person). Phases 2 and 3 involved a focus group in the form of a community class (10 weeks, 2 h per meeting), involving introduction to digital game genres, playing, and discussing motivations and obstacles for current and future play. Cognitive stimulation, emotional distraction and physical therapy were initially stated as the motives for game play. However, with growing familiarity and voluntary exchanges of personal stories between older and younger participants, the cultural significance of the medium of game (especially with story-telling and VR technology) became more important to older adults. More than mechanical inaccessibility, lack of access to the cultural discourse about games presents barriers for older adults. To create a safe, comfortable and accessible space for intergenerational learning and play is of primary importance both for users and designers, should serious games be considered for the future of digital care.
Imbalance Data Classification Using Local Mahalanobis Distance Learning Based on Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Siddappa Nijaguna Gollara , Kampalappa Thippeswamy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the dataset, any one of its classes is normally outnumbered by other classes and is known as class imbalance data. Many standard learning algorithms face the classification problem in performance due to imbalance data. The issues can be solved by many existing conventional methods such as cost-sensitive, sampling or ensemble methods. But these methods alter the original data distribution, which leads to loss of useful information of the users and it may cause unexpected errors or increase the problem of overfitting. In this research, local Mahalanobis distance learning (LMDL) method is applied in the nearest neighbor (NN) for improving the performance of the classification in the imbalance dataset. The multiple distance metrics are used in the LMDL to investigate the data effectively and obtain the relevant features based on the analysis. The distance metric uses the original data for learning the prototype and support the NN. A number of experiments on various datasets are conducted for validating the quality as well as the efficiency of the proposed LMDL method. The experimental results stated that the proposed LMDL achieved nearly 82% in E-coli dataset, 94% in breast cancer dataset and 98% in Iris dataset for all metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall and F-measure.
Les apprentissages parisiens aux xviiie et xixe siècles
Authors: Crowston Clare H. , Kaplan Steven L. , Lemercier Claire 
Published: March 2020

RésumésL’article discute des changements et des continuités dans les pratiques de l’apprentissage et ses normes sociales, à Paris, avant et après la Révolution française. Il souligne l’intérêt d’une analyse quantifiée et de comparaisons entre sources hétérogènes pour aborder ce sujet. Il traite d’abord de la question du rapport entre nombre d’apprenti·es et nombre de maîtres·ses dans chaque métier, ainsi que des aspirations qui pouvaient être celles des apprenti·es et de leurs parents : avec quel espoir entrait-on en apprentissage ? L’étude de trajectoires individuelles pour le xviiie siècle et d’une statistique de l’époque pour le xixe siècle permet notamment d’indiquer que l’apprentissage était loin de toujours déboucher sur une carrière au sein du métier appris. Un travail sur les sources judiciaires montre ensuite que le rôle des tribunaux dans le règlement des conflits autour de l’apprentissage s’est à la fois accru et transformé, en se concentrant sur le respect du temps imparti. L’article illustre enfin la persistance, sur la longue durée, de normes largement partagées définissant les bons apprentissages et de pratiques s’écartant nettement de ces normes, différentes selon le genre et le métier, que ce soit avant ou après la fin des corporations.