bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echocardiographic abnormalities and predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients: the ECHOVID‐19 study
Authors: Lassen Mats Christian Højbjerg , Skaarup Kristoffer Grundtvig , Lind Jannie Nørgaard , Alhakak Alia Saed , Sengeløv Morten , Nielsen Anne Bjerg , Espersen Caroline , Ravnkilde Kirstine , Hauser Raphael , Schöps Liv Borum , Holt Eva , Johansen Niklas Dyrby , Modin Daniel , Djernæs Kasper , Graff Claus , Bundgaard Henning , Hassager Christian , Jabbari Reza , Carlsen Jørn , Lebech Anne‐Mette , Kirk Ole , Bodtger Uffe , Lindholm Matias Greve , Joseph Gowsini , Wiese Lothar , Schiødt Frank Vinholt , Kristiansen Ole Peter , Walsted Emil Schwarz , Nielsen Olav Wendelboe , Madsen Birgitte Lindegaard , Tønder Niels , Benfield Thomas , Jeschke Klaus Nielsen , Ulrik Charlotte Suppli , Knop Filip Krag , Lamberts Morten , Sivapalan Pradeesh , Gislason Gunnar , Marott Jacob Louis , Møgelvang Rasmus , Jensen Gorm , Schnohr Peter , Søgaard Peter , Solomon Scott D. , Iversen Kasper , Jensen Jens Ulrik Stæhr , Schou Morten , Biering‐Sørensen Tor 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsThe present study had two aims: (i) compare echocardiographic parameters in COVID‐19 patients with matched controls and (2) assess the prognostic value of measures of left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function in relation to COVID‐19 related death.Methods and resultsIn this prospective multicentre cohort study, 214 consecutive hospitalized COVID‐19 patients underwent an echocardiographic examination (by pre‐determined research protocol). All participants were successfully matched 1:1 with controls from the general population on age, sex, and hypertension. Mean age of the study sample was 69 years, and 55% were male participants. LV and RV systolic function was significantly reduced in COVID‐19 cases as assessed by global longitudinal strain (GLS) (16.4% ± 4.3 vs. 18.5% ± 3.0, P < 0.001), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (2.0 ± 0.4 vs. 2.6 ± 0.5, P < 0.001), and RV strain (19.8 ± 5.9 vs. 24.2 ± 6.5, P = 0.004). All parameters remained significantly reduced after adjusting for important cardiac risk factors. During follow‐up (median: 40 days), 25 COVID‐19 cases died. In multivariable Cox regression reduced TAPSE [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.07–1.31], P = 0.002, per 1 mm decrease], RV strain (HR = 1.64, 95%CI[1.02;2.66], P = 0.043, per 1% decrease) and GLS (HR = 1.20, 95%CI[1.07–1.35], P = 0.002, per 1% decrease) were significantly associated with COVID‐19‐related death. TAPSE and GLS remained significantly associated with the outcome after restricting the analysis to patients without prevalent heart disease.ConclusionsRV and LV function are significantly impaired in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients compared with matched controls. Furthermore, reduced TAPSE and GLS are independently associated with COVID‐19‐related death.
The role and molecular mechanism of FoxO1 in mediating cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Yu Wei , Chen Chunjuan , Cheng Jidong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy can lead to heart failure and cardiovascular events and has become a research hotspot in the field of cardiovascular disease. Despite extensive and in‐depth research, the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy is far from being fully understood. Increasing evidence has shown that the transcription factor forkhead box protein O 1 (FoxO1) is closely related to the occurrence and development of cardiac hypertrophy. This review summarizes the current literature on the role and molecular mechanism of FoxO1 in cardiac hypertrophy. We searched the database MEDLINE via PubMed for available evidence on the effect of FoxO1 on cardiac hypertrophy. FoxO1 has many effects on multiple diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, aging, and stem cell activity. Recent studies have shown that FoxO1 plays a critical role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Evidence for this relationship includes the following. (i) FoxO1 can regulate cardiac growth/protein synthesis, calcium homeostasis, cell apoptosis, and autophagy and (ii) is controlled by several upstream signalling molecules (e.g. phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/Akt, AMP‐activated protein kinase, and sirtuins) and regulates many downstream transcription proteins (e.g. ubiquitin ligases muscle RING finger 1/muscle atrophy F‐box, calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells, and microRNAs). In response to stress or external stimulation (e.g. low energy, oxidative stress, or growth factor signalling), FoxO1 undergoes post‐translational modification and transfers from the cytoplasm to nucleus, thus regulating the expression of a series of target genes in myocardium that are involved in cardiac growth/protein synthesis, calcium homeostasis, cell apoptosis, and autophagy. (iii) Finally, targeted regulation of FoxO1 is an effective method of intervening in myocardial hypertrophy. The information reviewed here should be significant for understanding the roles of FoxO1 in cardiac hypertrophy and should contribute to the design of further studies related to FoxO1 and the hypertrophic response. It should also shed light on a potential treatment for cardiac hypertrophy.
Applicability of Equilibrium Sampling in Informing Tissue Residues and Dietary Risks of Legacy and Current-Use Organic Chemicals in Aquaculture
Authors: Li Juan-ying , Zhang Li , Wang Qian , Xu Jiayan , Yin Jie , Chen Yiqin , Gong Yiwen , Kelly Barry C. , Jin Ling 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Equilibrium sampling based on silicone polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been used to determine the concentrations of freely dissolved hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) and assess the thermodynamic potentials for bioaccumulation of these compounds in the aquatic environment. This allows the use of PDMS-based sampling techniques in assisting conventional sampling and extraction methods for the determination of the concentrations of HOCs in aquaculture products. The present study is an ex situ demonstration of how well PDMS can inform the tissue residues and dietary risks of legacy or current-use organic chemicals in aquaculture species from farm ponds in eastern China. For legacy contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, n = 10), good agreement between the predicted concentrations based on PDMS and the measured lipid-normalized concentrations was observed for 60% of the studied biota, including both pelagic and benthic species. For pesticides currently used, such as pyrethroid (PE) (n = 4) and organophosphate pesticides (OPPs, n = 7), the measured tissue residues were consistently higher than those predicted by PDMS, possibly caused by the continuous input from the surroundings. For the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs, n = 5), the only detected chemical was also underestimated. Adjusted by ingestion rates of aquaculture products and toxicology data, the target hazard quotients of these chemicals predicted from PDMS were generally comparable to those derived from measured concentrations in tissue because of the predominance of PBDEs. Overall, PDMS-based equilibrium sampling offered an alternative approach for the prediction of tissue residues and dietary risks of PBDEs. Moreover, it should be applied with caution for PEs, OPPs, and OCPs. Improving the application of PDMS for these chemicals in farm ponds warrants future study. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:79–87. © 2020 SETAC
Heat transfer analysis in a hydromagnetic Walters' B fluid with elastic deformation and Newtonian heating
Authors: Akinbo Bayo Johnson , Olajuwon Bakai Ishola 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, a computational investigation is carried out to examine the interaction of heat generation/absorption with elastic deformation in a viscous hydromagnetic Walters’ B model past a stretching surface under the intensity of Newtonian heating. The model equations which are responsible for the motion of the fluid and heat interactions are reworked to ordinary differential equations by the appropriate similarity variables and solved via the homotopy analysis method. The parameters encountered were discussed through graphs and tables. The result reveals among others that the heat generation and Newtionian heating magnifies the temperature across the layer and makes quiescent fluid experience a thermal effect.
Diabetic retinopathy severity grading employing quadrant‐based Inception‐V3 convolution neural network architecture
Authors: Bhardwaj Charu , Jain Shruti , Sood Meenakshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR) accounts in eye‐related disorders due to accumulated damage to small retinal blood vessels. Automated diagnostic systems are effective in early detection and diagnosis of severe eye complications by assisting the ophthalmologists. Deep learning‐based techniques have emerged as an advancement over conventional techniques based on hand‐crafted features. The authors have proposed a Quadrant‐based automated DR grading system in this work using Inception‐V3 deep neural network to extract small lesions present in retinal fundus images. The grading efficiency of the proposed architecture is improved utilizing image enhancement and optical disc removal pipeline along with data augmentation stage. The proposed system yields accuracy of 93.33% with minimized cross‐entropy loss of 0.291. Capability of proposed system is demonstrated experimentally to provide efficient DR diagnosis. The diagnosis ability of the proposed architecture is demonstrated by state‐of‐the‐art comparison with other mainstream convolution neural network models and a maximum improvement of 14.33% is observed.
Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons by alkali–salt‐tolerant microbial consortia and their community profiles
Authors: Zhang Xuwang , Bao Dongli , Li Maoting , Tang Qidong , Wu Minghuo , Zhou Hao , Liu Lifen , Qu Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPetroleum hydrocarbon pollution has become a global concern, and seeking an appropriate strategy for treatment of petroleum hydrocarbons is necessary, especially under saline–alkaline conditions. In this study, microbial consortia capable of utilizing low‐molecular‐weight aliphatic petroleum hydrocarbons (n‐decane, n‐dodecane and n‐hexadecane) as the sole carbon source were enriched from crude‐oil‐contaminated soils, and their community profiles were evaluated using high‐throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene.RESULTSThe microbial consortia were able to degrade 5–100 mL L−1 n‐decane, n‐dodecane and n‐hexadecane by approximately 37.6–97.3%, 52.1–93.2% and 72.4–96.5%, respectively. The consortia also exhibited alkali‐tolerant and moderately salt‐resistant capability, which enabled them to retain high degradation efficiencies of hydrocarbons within a pH range of 7.0–11.0 and salinities of 5–20 g L−1 NaCl. High‐throughput sequencing analysis demonstrated that Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Achromobacter, Mesorhizobium and Brucella were the core genera (average > 1%) in the consortia, which were more enriched under alkaline condition (pH 11.0). PICRUSt (phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states) prediction revealed a rich set of metabolic functions involved in degradation of hydrocarbons and aromatics, and the critical functional gene, alkane 1‐monooxygenase, was more abundant in the microbial consortia under alkaline condition.CONCLUSIONSThe results suggested that these alkali–salt‐tolerant microbial consortia could be a promising candidate for bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
Micro‐morpho‐anatomical mechanisms involve in epiphytic adaptation of micropropagated plants of Vanda tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. ex G. Don
Authors: Mani Manokari , Rasangam Latha , Selvam Priyadharshini , Shekhawat Mahipal Singh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVanda tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. ex G. Don. (grey orchid, family Orchidaceae) is an epiphytic orchid of horticultural importance and currently under threat due to overharvesting and habitat destruction. Micropropagation protocols were developed for the production of grey orchid but the survival success of in vitro regenerated plantlets is uncertain due to lack of understanding about the adaptation mechanism during hardening. The present study describes the structural adaptation mechanism of V. tessellata when the in vitro regenerated plantlets were acclimatized under the greenhouse conditions. Light microscopy has been implicated to identify the adaptational alterations during in vitro to ex vitro transition of micropropagated plantlets. The in vitro induced morpho‐anatomical anomalies were more prominently observed in the density of stomata, veins (architecture) and raphides, leaf, and root structural parameters such as water cells and velamen tissues. The results indicated that remarkable reconciliation occurred in structural developments of mechanical and vascular tissues upon epiphytic adaptations of V. tessellata. The study could help in understanding the adaptation mechanism of in vitro regenerated plantlets (especially velamen tissues of epiphytic roots) when transferred to the greenhouse for acclimatization.Research highlights
Vanda tessellata is an epiphytic orchid of horticultural importance.
Comparative micro‐morpho‐anatomical analysis at subsequent stages of in vitro regeneration was conducted.
Foliar structural and developmental mechanisms towards epiphytic adaptation were studied.
In vitro induced structural abnormalities were repaired and epiphytic adaptation was visualized.
Stomata, leaf, and root architectures and velamen tissues were well developed in acclimatized plantlets.
The report could be useful in the conservation and sustainable utilization of Vanda tessellata.
A comparison of minimally invasive vs open distal pancreatectomy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Kwon Jaewoo , Park Seo Young , Park Yejong , Jun Eunsung , Lee Woohyung , Song Ki Byung , Lee Jae Hoon , Hwang Dae Wook , Kim Song Cheol 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundOwing to concerns regarding adequate oncological outcomes and perioperative complications, minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has limited generalizability. The aim of this study was to assess the perioperative and oncologic outcomes of MIDP compared with open distal pancreatectomy (ODP) for resectable PDAC after propensity score matching (PSM).MethodsThe patients who underwent MIDP and ODP for PDAC between January 2010 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, perioperative outcomes, pathological outcomes, and overall and disease‐free survival data were collected to compare MIDP and ODP. After PSM, perioperative and oncologic outcomes were analyzed.ResultsA total of 156 MIDP patients were compared with 156 ODP patients for resectable PDAC after PSM. Tumor size, TNM stage, differentiation, harvested lymph nodes, and positive lymph nodes were not different except for R1 resection and lymphovascular invasion between the MIDP and ODP groups. Operation times, overall complications, POPF, and adjuvant treatment were also not different between the two groups. The MIDP group had shorter hospital stays (10.0 vs 13.4 days, P < 0.001) and shorter interval times from surgery to adjuvant treatment (37.6 days vs 46.0 days, P = 0.002) than the ODP group. The MIDP group had better overall survival (34.9 vs 24.5 months, P = 0.012) and disease‐free survival (16.2 vs 10.3 months, P = 0.001).ConclusionMinimally invasive distal pancreatectomy has advantages with respect to postoperative hospital stay, interval between surgery, and adjuvant treatment. MIDP is associated with the possibility of improved survival rate for resectable PDAC.
Indocyanine green administration a day before surgery may increase bile duct detectability on fluorescence cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Matsumura Masaru , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Kobayashi Yuta , Kobayashi Kosuke , Ishizawa Takeaki , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Kaneko Junichi , Arita Junichi , Kokudo Norihiro , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal indocyanine green (ICG) administration protocol for fluorescence cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has yet to be determined.MethodsA prospective study including 20 cases of ICG fluorescence‐navigated LC was conducted. Accordingly, the first 10 patients were administered 2.5 mg of ICG on the day of surgery after intubation (surgery‐day group), while the remaining 10 consecutive patients were administered 0.25 mg/kg of ICG on the evening before surgery (one‐day‐before group). Fluorescence intensity (FI) of each tissue and FI ratios were then compared between both groups.ResultsThe median interval between observation and ICG administration was 27 minutes and 16 hours 24 minutes in the surgery‐day and one‐day‐before group, respectively. Although FI values for the common bile duct (CBD), liver, and hepatoduodenal ligament (HDL) were significantly lower in the one‐day‐before group than in the surgery‐day group, CBD–
, 0.6–1.2 vs 2.5, 0.9 = –4.8; P < .001), and CBD–HDL contrast (1.7, 1.4–2.4 vs 2.3, 1.5–13.3; P = .038) were significantly higher in the one‐day‐before group than in the surgery‐day group.ConclusionICG administration a day before LC may offer better CBD background contrast compared to administration just prior to surgery.
Intersecting aims, divergent paths: The Allensbach Institute, the Institute for Social Research, and the making of public opinion research in 1950s West Germany
Authors: Ostrow Sonja G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAfter 1945, both the Western Allies in Germany and some German social scientists embraced empirical public opinion research. This article examines the rhetoric, practices, and collaborative professional efforts of two of the most significant institutions conducting opinion research in West Germany in the 1950s: the Allensbach Institute and the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt. Although the political stances of these institutions differed, they were motivated to apply empirical research methods associated with Anglo‐American social research to the West German population by shared concerns about the fragility of democracy, faith in the empirical sciences as an antidote to Nazi‐era thought patterns, and the need to form a united front against doubters within West Germany. Even while declaring their desire to incorporate the latest empirical advances from the United States, however, they sought to articulate the meaning of their methods and findings in terms of the specific challenges faced by West Germany.
The multiple ways of behaving creatively in the workplace: A typology and model
Authors: Yuan Feirong , Woodman Richard W. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryEvidence in the literature suggests that employees can engage in other types of creative behavior at work beyond producing something new and useful for their organization. This paper seeks to advance our understanding of these “atypical” creative behaviors. We conceptualize a typology that encompasses both the commonly studied form of employee creativity (conventional steward‐type) and three other types of employee creativity that have not been previously theorized (critical steward‐type, cunning agent‐type, and innocent agent‐type). We then advance a conceptual model to identify situations that may lead employees to use their creative potential one way versus another. Further, we examine the different implications of these creative behaviors for the organization, employee, and society. Our conceptual framework provides a broader perspective of workplace creativity in which a wider range of behaviors, mechanisms, and outcomes must be considered. It provides new directions for future research as well as implications for managing creativity in different organizational and cultural contexts.
Temporal Stability of Self‐Reported Trauma Exposure on the Life Events Checklist for DSM‐5
Authors: Pugach Cameron P. , Nomamiukor Faith O. , Gay Natalie G. , Wisco Blair E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Life Events Checklist for DSM‐5 (LEC‐5) is a comprehensive screening instrument used to detect exposure to a range of potentially traumatic events. Despite its widespread use, research assessing the psychometric properties of scores on the LEC‐5—and trauma exposure more broadly—is scarce. Using a large sample of undergraduate students (N = 1,013), we sought to evaluate the reliability of trauma exposure reporting on the LEC‐5 across 8‐ (N = 379) and 12‐week (N = 343) intervals. Reliability estimates were examined for trauma exposure type (e.g., experiencing, witnessing), traumatic event type (e.g., sexual assault), and index trauma (i.e., “worst event”) reporting. Reliability was more stable for events that were directly experienced, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) = .62–64, than events that were witnessed, ICCs = .47–.52, or learned about, ICCs = .48–.53. Test–retest agreement was fair to good for reports of sexual assault, physical assault, transportation accidents, natural disasters, and other sexual experiences, κs = .49–.72, but only when individuals directly experienced these events. By contrast, across both assessment intervals, the agreement was attenuated, all κs < .40, for events that individuals witnessed or learned about regardless of event type. For index events, only sexual assault and sudden accidental or violent deaths were consistently reported with a fair or better agreement, κs = .42–.64. These findings suggest that reliable trauma reporting varies largely based on the nature of the traumatic event, yielding important implications for the assessment of DSM‐5 Criterion A and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Should we add social media account details to authors' affiliations?
Authors: BasirianJahromi Reza , Shamsi Amrollah 
Published: October 2020

Key points
The inclusion of authors' social media (SM)/scientific social media (SSM) accounts in articles can be used as a complement to their other official identifiers.
Viewing authors' SM/SSM pages alongside scientific works can lead to greater cognition and intimacy among researchers.
Semi‐ and fully supervised quantification techniques to improve population estimates from machine classifiers
Authors: Orenstein Eric C. , Kenitz Kasia M. , Roberts Paul L.D. , Franks Peter J.S. , Jaffe Jules S. , Barton Andrew D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractModern in situ digital imaging systems collect vast numbers of images of marine organisms and suspended particles. Automated methods to classify objects in these images – largely supervised machine learning techniques – are now used to deal with this onslaught of biological data. Though such techniques can minimize the human cost of analyzing the data, they also have important limitations. In training automated classifiers, we implicitly program them with an inflexible understanding of the environment they are observing. When the relationship between the classifier and the population changes, the computer's performance degrades, potentially decreasing the accuracy of the estimate of community composition. This limitation of automated classifiers is known as “dataset shift.” Here, we describe techniques for addressing dataset shift. We then apply them to the output of a binary deep neural network searching for diatom chains in data generated by the Scripps Plankton Camera System (SPCS) on the Scripps Pier. In particular, we describe a supervised quantification approach to adjust a classifier's output using a small number of human corrected images to estimate the system error in a time frame of interest. This method yielded an 80% improvement in mean absolute error over the raw classifier output on a set of 41 independent samples from the SPCS. The technique can be extended to adjust the output of multi‐category classifiers and other in situ observing systems.