bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding implementation barriers in the national scale-up of Differentiated ART delivery in Uganda
Authors: ZAKUMUMPA HENRY , Rujumba Joseph , Kwiringira Japheth , Katureebe Cordelia , Spicer Neil 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Although Differentiated Service Delivery (DSD) for anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has been rolled-out nationally in several countries since World Health Organization (WHO)’s landmark 2016 guidelines, there is little research evaluating post-implementation outcomes. The objective of this study was to explore patients’ and HIV service managers’ perspectives on barriers to implementation of Differentiated ART delivery in Uganda.
Methods
We employed a qualitative descriptive design involving 124 participants. Between April and June 2019 we conducted 76 qualitative interviews with national-level HIV program managers (n=18), District Health Team leaders (n=24), representatives of PEPFAR implementing organizations (11), ART clinic in-charges (23) in six purposively selected Uganda districts with a high HIV burden (Kampala, Luwero, Wakiso, Mbale, Budadiri, Bulambuli). Six focus group discussions (48 participants) were held with patients enrolled in DSD models in case-study districts. Data were analyzed by thematic approach as guided by a multi-level analytical framework: Individual-level factors; Health-system factors; Community factors; and Context.
Results
Our data shows that multiple barriers have been encountered in DSD implementation. Individual-level: Individualized stigma and a fear of detachment from health facilities by stable patients enrolled in community-based models were reported as bottlenecks. Socio-economic status was reported to have an influence on patient selection of DSD models. Health-system: Insufficient training of health workers in DSD delivery and supply chain barriers to multi-month ART dispensing were identified as constraints. Patients perceived current selection of DSD models to be provider-intensive and not sufficiently patient-centred. Community: Community-level stigma and insufficient funding to providers to fully operationalize community drug pick-up points were identified as limitations. Context: Frequent changes in physical addresses among urban clients were reported to impede the running of patient groups of rotating ART refill pick-ups.
Conclusion
This is one of the first multi-stakeholder evaluations of national DSD implementation in Uganda since initial roll-out in 2017. Multi-level interventions are needed to accelerate further DSD implementation in Uganda from demand-side (addressing HIV-related stigma, community engagement) and supply-side dimensions (strengthening ART supply chain capacities, increasing funding for community models and further DSD program design to improve patient-centeredness).
MiR-21-5p regulates extracellular matrix degradation and angiogenesis in TMJOA by targeting Spry1.
Authors: Ma Shixing , Zhang Aobo , Li Xiaole , Zhang Shizhou , Liu Shaopeng , Zhao Haoming , Wu Shichao , Chen Lei , Ma Chuan , Zhao Huaqiang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Due to the lack of research on the pathological mechanism of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), there are few effective treatment measures in the clinic. In recent years, microRNAs (miRs) have been demonstrated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) by regulating a variety of target genes, and the latest evidence shows that miR-21-5p is specifically overexpressed in OA. The purpose of this project was to clarify whether miR-21-5p can regulate the TMJOA process by targeting Spry1. Methods TMJOA was induced by a unilateral anterior crossbite (UAC) model, and the effect of miR-21-5p knockout on TMJOA was evaluated by toluidine blue and immunohistochemical staining. Primary mouse condylar chondrocytes (MCCs) were isolated, cultured and transfected with a series of mimics, inhibitors, siRNA-Spry1 or cDNA Spry1. Western blotting, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, and toluidine blue staining were used to detect the effect of miR-21-5p and its target gene Spry1 on the expression of MMP-13, VEGF and p-ERK1/2 in TMJOA. The effect of miR-21-5p on angiogenesis was evaluated by chick embryo CAM assay and Western blotting. Results In the UAC model, the cartilage thickness and extracellular matrix of miR-21-5p knockout mice were less damaged. Luciferase experiments confirmed that Spry1 was the direct target of miR-21-5p. The expression levels of Spry1, MMP-13, VEGF and p-ERK1/2 in MCCs transfected with miR-21-5p mimic were higher than those in the inhibitor group. Under the simulated inflammatory environment of IL-1β, the expression levels of MMP-13, VEGF and p-ERK1/2 were positively correlated with miR-21-5p, while Spry1 was negatively correlated with miR-21-5p. Inhibition of miR-21-5p expression and overexpression of Spry1 enhanced the inhibition of MMP-13, VEGF and p-ERK1/2 expression. MiR-21-5p had a significant role in promoting angiogenesis in the chick embryo CAM assay, and this role was clearly mediated by the ERK-MAPK signalling pathway. Conclusion This study verified that miR-21-5p can promote the process of TMJOA by targeting Spry1, which provides a new direction for future research on the treatment of this disease.
Comparative transcriptome analysis between inbred and hybrids reveals molecular insights into yield heterosis of upland cotton
Authors: Shahzad Kashif , Zhang Xuexian , Guo Liping , Qi Tingxiang , Bao Lisheng , Zhang Meng , Zhang Bingbing , Wang Hailin , Tang Huini , Qiao Xiuqin , Feng Juanjuan , Wu Jianyong , Xing Chaozhu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Utilization of heterosis has greatly enhanced the productivity of many crops worldwide. Understanding the potential molecular mechanism about how hybridization in cotton produces superior yield is critical for efficient plant breeding. Results: With the whole-genome RNA sequencing, here, high, medium, and low hybrids varying in level of yield heterosis were screened based on different years and locations field experimentation. Phenotypically, high Department showed a mean of 14% more seed cotton yield than its better parent. A total of 63 samples comprised of different squaring stage tissues of three hybrids and four their inbred parents were used to perform transcriptomic analysis. A comparison of transcriptomic differences in each hybrid parent triad revealed a higher percentage of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in each tissue. Expression level dominance analysis exposed the majority of hybrids DEGs followed parent like expressions. Functional annotations identified an array of DEGs involved in ATP and protein binding, membrane, cell wall, mitochondrion, and protein phosphorylation. Starch and sucrose metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were most enriched in each hybrid. Further, these two pathways had most mapped DEGs on known seed cotton yield QTLs. Integration of transcriptome, QTLs, and gene co-expression network analysis raveled genes GhBZR1, GhASK8, At3g43860, GhGBSS1, GhAPL2, GhMPK4, GhPHO1, GhJAZ10, and GhCRR21 displayed a complex regulatory network of many interconnected genes. qRT-PCR of these DEGs was performed to ensure the accuracy of RNA-Seq data. Conclusions: Through genome-wide comparative transcriptome analysis, the current study provides novel insights about phenomics and genomics of heterosis in upland cotton. Our results and data resources will be useful for dissecting the molecular mechanism of yield heterosis in cotton.
Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Swedish version of the Reproductive Concerns After Cancer (RCAC) scale
Authors: Anandavadivelan Poorna , Wiklander Maria , Eriksson Lars E. , Wettergren Lena , Lampic Claudia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Reproductive concerns are common among young cancer survivors and include worries related to different aspects of fertility and parenthood. The Reproductive Concerns After Cancer (RCAC) scale is an 18-item scale with six dimensions, developed to capture a variety of such concerns. The aim of the present study was to culturally adapt the RCAC scale into Swedish and evaluate its psychometric properties among young women with cancer experience. Methods The RCAC was forward-translated from English into Swedish and assessed for cultural adaptation based on a two-panel approach followed by cognitive interviews with representatives of the target group. For the psychometric evaluation, a Swedish cohort of 181 young adult breast cancer survivors completed a survey including the RCAC scale approximately 1.5 years post-diagnosis. Investigation of the psychometric properties included analyses of construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity), data quality (score distribution, floor and ceiling effects), reliability (Cronbach’s α) and known-groups validity based on current child wish. Results The breast cancer survivors had a mean age of 36.5 (SD 4.1) years and a third of them expressed a current wish for (additional) children. The confirmatory factor analysis yielded a satisfactory fit (RMSEA 0.08, SRMR 0.09, CFI 0.92). Convergent validity was demonstrated by a negative correlation with moderate effect size (-0.361) between the RCAC total score and the emotional functional scale of EORTC QLQ-C30. Reliability was in the acceptable range (α= 0.78-0.92) for four of the dimensions, nearly acceptable for Personal health (α, 0.68) and poor for Becoming pregnant (α= 0.54). Known-groups validity was indicated by significantly higher RCAC mean score differences (MD), reflecting more concerns, among women with a certain (MD 4.56 [95% CI 3.13 to 5.99]) or uncertain (MD 3.41 [95% CI 1.68 to 5.14]) child wish, compared to those with no wish for (additional) children. Conclusion The Swedish RCAC scale demonstrated satisfactory reproducibility of the original RCAC scale with acceptable convergent and known-groups validity, but satisfactory reliability was not achieved for all dimensions. The Swedish RCAC scale exhibits adequate psychometric properties and could be useful for assessment of reproductive concerns in young adult female cancer survivors in Sweden.
Dual-Fano resonances and sensing properties in the crossed ring-shaped metasurface
Authors: He Zhihui , Li Chunjiang , Cui Wei , Xue Weiwei , Li Zhenxiong , Pu Lihui , Feng Jiaojiao , Xiao Xintao , Wang Xuyang , Liu Yajie , Zou Qirui , Yao Yufei , Niu Yixuan , Wang Mengyuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We study dual-Fano resonances and its sensing properties in a crossed ring-shaped metasurface by use of the finite-different time-domain (FDTD) simulation. The results show that the dual-Fano resonances in the proposed crossed ring-shaped metasurface are caused by the interaction among three local surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), and the spectra of dual-Fano resonances can be tuned by the radius of the circular ring (CR) nanostructure, the distance between the center of the two CRs in x direction, and the polarization of the incident light. Interestingly, single Fano resonance splits into dual-Fano resonances in the case of asymmetric ring structure arrangement or non-y-axis polarized incident or the distance d<120 nm. Moreover, we can also find that the refractive sensitivity in the proposed crossed ring-shaped metasurface can reach up to 1010 nm/RIU and 1300 nm/RIU at Fano resonance peak 1 and Fano resonance peak 2, respectively. These results may play an important role for designing high sensitive plasmonic sensors.
Cognitive, language and behavioral outcomes in children in middle childhood with autism spectrum disorders exposed to early comprehensive treatment models: A meta-analysis and meta-regression
Authors: Shi Bijun , Wu Weijia , Dai Meixia , Zeng Jingjing , Luo Jingyin , Cai Li , Wan Bin , Jing Jin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Early comprehensive treatment models (CTMs) have developed as effective treatments for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Numerous studies have suggested that they can improve short-term outcomes, but little is known about middle childhood outcomes. The current meta-analysis reviewed studies reporting broader outcomes in middle childhood in children with ASD who ever participated in a CTM and examined the predictors of primary outcomes. Methods We searched eight databases up to June 13, 2019, for relevant trials and natural experiments. Longitudinal studies were selected if they investigated the outcomes of CTMs in middle childhood in children with ASD. Two meta-analyses were undertaken to determine a summary estimate of change in treatment outcomes and evaluate the effect of CTMs; one used the standardized mean change between the pretest and posttest, and the other a classical meta-analysis. Stratified and random effects meta-regression analyses were performed to search for outcome differences among studies. Results Eighteen intervention studies (involving 495 children with ASD) met all the inclusion criteria: 12 used early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) and two the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM). Outcomes were categorized into three parts: cognitive, language and behavioral (e.g., adaptive functioning and symptomatology). Overall, most children with ASD in middle childhood who participated in an early CTM make gains in many areas of functioning, especially with regard to symptom and language-related outcomes. Stratified analyses indicated that the ESDM displayed the largest effect on IQ improvement (ES=1.37, 95% CI: 0.95-1.80), while EIBI was more effective for symptom reduction (ES=-1.27, 95% CI: -1.96 to -0.58). Further meta-regression suggested that interventions with parent involvement and longer treatment hours yielded greater improvements in IQ and social adaptive functioning, respectively. Conclusion The results demonstrate a positive association between CTMs and better prognosis in middle childhood, especially regarding symptoms and language. However, most of the extant research involves small, non-randomized studies, preventing definitive conclusions from being drawn. What is certain is that the outcomes in middle childhood of children with ASD are still far from normal, especially for adaptive functioning, and the three mediating variables were treatment elements: approach, implementer and total treatment hours.
Evaluation of a cell-based osteogenic formulation compliant with good manufacturing practice for use in tissue engineering
Authors: Vivas Daniel , Grau-Vorster Marta , Oliver-Vila Irene , García-López Joan , Vives Joaquim 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Proper bony tissue regeneration requires mechanical stabilization, an osteogenic biological activity and appropriate scaffolds. The latter two elements can be combined in a hydrogel format for effective delivery, so it can readily adapt to the architecture of the defect. Results We evaluated a Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant formulation composed of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in combination with bone particles (Ø = 0.25 to 1 µm) and fibrin, which can be readily translated into the clinical setting for the treatment of bone defects, as an alternative to bone tissue autografts. Remarkably, cells survived with unaltered phenotype (CD73 + , CD90 + , CD105 + , CD31 - , CD45 - ) and retained their osteogenic capacity up to 48 h after being combined with hydrogel and bone particles, thus demonstrating the stability of their identity and potency. Moreover, in a subchronic toxicity in vivo study, no toxicity was observed upon subcutaneous administration in athymic mice and signs of osteogenesis and vascularization were detected two months after administration. Conclusions The preclinical data gathered in the present work, in compliance with current quality and regulatory requirements, demonstrated the feasibility of formulating an osteogenic cell-based tissue engineering product with a defined profile including identity, purity and potency ( in vitro and in vivo ), which is required prior to move towards its use of prior to its clinical use.
Growth, yield and grain nutrients response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to biochar,lime and farmyard manure amendment of the croplands in southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Lulu Mekdes , Lemma Bekele , Hidoto Legesse 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Soil fertility decline in agricultural land is due to intensive cropping system, shortening of the fallow period, reduced manure application, extensive use of crop residues as fuel or fodder and removal of ground cover. This study investigated the effect of biochar (BC), lime and farmyard manure (FYM) on growth, yield and grain nutrient of wheat on croplands at two sites in the southern Ethiopia.Result: Site significantly (P<0.05) influenced most growth parameters, yield and yield components, and grain nutrient concentration of wheat. The effects of BC, lime, and FYM were significant (p ≤ 0.001) on straw yield, grain yield, and total biomass. However, BC (5 t ha -1 ) produced the highest straw yield, grain yield and total biomass. The effects of BC, FYM and lime were significant (P < 0.001) on spike length and seed per spike. Similarly, BC and lime significantly (P < 0.001) affected plant height, number of total and productive tillers. BC (5 t ha -1 ) gave the highest plant height, total tillers and productive tillers, maximum number of seeds per spike,while FYM (10 t ha -1 ) produced the highest spike length. Biochar, FYM and lime significantly (p ≤0.001) affected thousand seed weight, but only BC had significant(p ≤0.001) effect on harvest index. Biochar (5 t ha -1 )and FYM (10 t ha -1 )produced the highest heaver thousand seed weight and the highest harvest index. Biochar significantly (P < 0.05) increased the concentrations of P and K of wheat grain. On the other hand, the highest effect on grain Ca concentration was from the application of lime while the highest effect on grain N concentration was from the application FYM (10 t ha -1 ).Conclusion: The superior effect from BC was attributed to improvements in soil pH, CEC, nutrient availability and water retention. In general, the use of BC could be better option to soil amendment for wheat production on croplands of smallholder farmers.
LINC01006 influences cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion by targeting miR-34a-5p/DAAM1 in prostate cancer
Authors: Ma Enhui , Wang Qianqian , Li Jinhua , Zhang Xinqi , Guo Zhenjia , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Large quantities of researches have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert crucial function in the development of human cancers by acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. LINC01006 was once found to have oncogenic function in pancreatic cancer. However, its role is still unclear in prostate cancer (PCa).Methods: RT-qPCR assay examined LINC01006, miR-34a-5p, DAAM1 expression in PCa cells. RNA pull down and luciferase reporter assay were used to certify the relationship between LINC01006 and its downstream targets.Results: LINC01006 was discovered to be remarkably high in PCa cell lines. Moreover, the functional assay validated that LINC01006 silence hindered proliferation, migration and invasion as well as accelerated apoptosis in PCa cells. The results of nucleus cytoplasm fractionation and FISH assay revealed that LINC01006 had the possibility to modulate downstream targets in ceRNA mechanism. MiR-34a-5p was selected out to be low expressed in PCa cell lines. In addition, miR-34a-5p up-regulation restricted proliferative, migratory and invaded capacities while facilitated apoptosis in PCa cells. DAAM1 was determined to be negatively regulated by miR-34a-5p. More interestingly, DAAM1 knockdown had inhibitory effects on PCa cells. Eventually, data of rescue assays exhibited that overexpression of DAAM1 countervailed the suppressive impacts of LINC01006 down-regulation on PCa progression.Conclusions: LINC01006 was an oncogene in PCa by targeting miR-34a-5p/DAAM1, which offered a novel insight for treating PCa.
Utilization of clinical practice guideline on antimicrobial and its determinants in China: A multilevel analysis
Authors: Deng Qingwen , Liu Wenbin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Nowadays, irrational use of antimicrobials has threatened public health. It’s necessary to expanding the use of clinical practice guideline (CPG) on antimicrobial for facilitating the proper use of antimicrobial. However, the utilization status of CPG on antimicrobial and the influencing factors are largely unknown. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, using a structured questionnaire, on a sample among physicians from 16 public hospitals in eastern, central and western part of China. A multilevel regression model was employed to examine factors associated with physicians’ utilization of CPG on antimicrobial. Results: A total of 815 physicians included in this study. About eighty percent of the surveyed physicians reported their strict adherence to the CPG on antimicrobial. Dimensions of “subjective norm”, “perceived risk” and “behavioral intention” from the domain of physician belief, dimension of “ease of use” from the domain of CPG traits, and dimensions of “top management support” and “organization & implementation” from the domain of hospital practice were significantly associated with physicians’ utilization of CPG on antimicrobial. And most demographics of physician were not found to be significantly related to the CPG use. In addition, results showed region is a significant factor affecting physicians’ CPG use. Conclusions: This study depicted the current status of CPG on antimicrobial and comprehensively identified its potential determinants not only from the three domains, such as physician belief, at the individual level, but also from the location region at the organizational level. The results will provide direct reference on implementation of CPG on antimicrobial and will be generalizable to the setting of health care system.
Does Nursing Care Quality integrated with Clinical Governance relate to Hospital Anxiety and Depression among Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Diseases?
Authors: Bastani Farideh , Afshar Pouya Farokhnezhad , Valipour Oldouz 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : A coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the causes of frequent elderly hospitalizations that are associated with psychological complications such as "hospital anxiety and depression". Furthermore, there needs to be a paradigm shift beyond routine programs toward innovative approaches such as clinical governance (CG) to improve the quality of care. This study aimed to investigate the association between Nursing Care Quality integrated with CG to Hospital Anxiety and Depression among Elderly Patients. Methods : In this descriptive correlational study, 250 elderly patients with CHD admitted to a large teaching hospital in Tehran, Iran as “Aging Friendly Hospital” selected by consecutive sampling method. The data collection instruments included the Quality Patient Care Scale (QUALPAC) and The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data were collected by face to face interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as independent t-test, ANOVA and correlation coefficients in SPSS v.16 software . Results : Overall, 91.6 % of the subjects perceived the quality of nursing care integrated with CG desirable. The mean score of HADS in the subscales of anxiety and depression were (1.52 ± 1.14 and 2.18 ± 1.51) respectively which indicates hospital anxiety and depression were less than the average level. There was a negative significant correlation between the subjects’ hospital anxiety and quality nursing care (P< 0.01). Conclusion : The findings showed there is an association between perceived quality of nursing care and hospital anxiety among elderly patients. It is recommended that Managers of healthcare services should take into account CG seriously to paradigm shift beyond routinely care program toward innovative approaches of health policy.