bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ECG network system for health promotion: Application in a regional medical association in China
Authors: Gong Zhi-Hua , Zhang Ming-Ming , Qu Yao , Xia Qing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: China has made good progress in its medical reform but challenges remain. In this paper, we proposed a multi-tiered electrocardiogram (ECG) network system to solve the problems of traditional ECG monitoring. Methods: We discussed the current situation and insufficiencies of ECG examination and constructed an ECG network system. The proposed ECG network system consisted of nosocomial ECG system combined with hospital information system and electronic medical record system, WEB-based ECG network system for the regional medical association system, and 120 pre-hospital first-aid ECG system based on 4G mobile network. The ECG network system has initially applied for clinical monitoring and diagnosis for 5 years. Results: Our application results showed that the ECG network system had high efficiency and practicability under the current medical environment, which provided a reliable basis for clinical rapid and definite diagnosis, and partially solved the imbalance of the medical resources among regional medical institutions. Conclusion: It has great significance for the management and remote consultation of heart disease and provides a reference for exploring the reform of clinical data sharing and improving the efficiency of medical resource integration.
Early Warning and Response System (EWARS) for chikungunya, zika and dengue outbreaks: The innovated WHO-TDR tool.
Authors: Cardenas Rocio , Hussain-Alkhateeb Laith , Benitez-Valladares David , Tejeda Gustavo Sanchez , Kroeger Axel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background. In the Americas, endemic cities for Aedes-borne diseases such as chikungunya, Zika and dengue face great challenges particularly since the recent outbreaks of CHIKV and ZIKV, all transmitted by the same insect vector Aedes aegypti and albopictus. Areas, such as Colombia and Mexico with the highest incidence and most frequent outbreaks of the three diseases are located in tropical environments due to their favorable eco-epidemiological conditions for vector breeding. In Colombia, the city of Cúcuta on the border with Venezuela is one of such highly endemic areas. Likewise, in Mexico a number of municipalities has very similar environmental conditions. This is why these urban areas provide the opportunity to test the Early Warning and Response System (EWARS), developed originally for dengue outbreaks, also for the other two diseases (Chikungunya and Zika). Methodology. Through the retrospective analysis of epidemiological, climate and entomological data produced by the national surveillance systems in Colombia and Mexico, we intended to predict outbreaks with a high sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) through alarm signals by using the EWARS tool. The registered outbreaks of DENV 2012-2016, CHIKV 2014-2016 and ZIKV 2015-2016 were analyzed for 2 years retrospectively (“run in period”) and one year of analysis (“evaluation period”). Outbreak prediction for dengue and Zika was for both countries but for Chikungunya in Colombia only due to the availability of surveillance data. Results. In Mexico, the sensitivity of different alarm signals for correctly predicting an outbreak ranged between 74-92% for dengue, 77–93% for chikungunya and 78-97% for Zika. Their Positive Predictive Values ranged between 51-68% for dengue, 48-92% for chikungunya and 11-100% for Zika. The lag time between predictions and start of the outbreak (i.e. the time available for early response activities) was for dengue 3-5 weeks, for chikungunya 10-13 weeks and for Zika 3-5 weeks. Conclusion. The implementation of an early warning and response system (EWARS) could substantially reduce the magnitude and occurrence of outbreaks and the elevated social and economic toll.
House dust mite-induced seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis in southwest Chinese children: case-control study
Authors: Gao Xu , Tang Xiaojiao , Xiang Qin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Seasonal (SAC) and perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC) are the most common allergic conjunctivitis. House dust mites are the most common sensitizing agents for SAC and PAC. This study aimed to explore the risk factors of allergic conjunctivitis in children. Methods: The study recruited 176 children suffering from SAC or PAC and 131 normal control subjects in southwest of China. A questionnaire was provided to all the subjects. Several eye exams were also performed. All the subjects received the skin prick test (SPT). Then we analyzed the scores of the symptom, sign and the corneal fluorescein staining, the questionnaire data and the SPT results. Results: The percent of the ever breast-fed in the case group was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The rate of parental allergy history in the case group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The scores of both ocular symptoms and signs had significant correlation to the clinical course (P<0.05), but there was no relationship between these scores and the results of SPT (P>0.05). The rate of parental allergy history in the case group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01 both in father and mother). Compared with control group, the case group was more likely related to other systemic allergic disease (P<0.01). Conclusion: Allergic conjunctivitis might coexist with a variety of allergic diseases. Breastfeeding can effectively reduce the incidence of allergic conjunctivitis, especially for those children whose parents had history of allergic diseases.
Distribution profile of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in South African aquatic systems
Authors: Maiga Deogratius T. , Mamba Bhekie B. , Msagati Titus A. M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper reports the results of a study on the analysis and characterization of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in samples that were collected from selected freshwater dams in South Africa. The study employed a combination of complementary techniques to ascertain the analytical procedures and the occurrence of TiO2 NPs in water. Characterization, identification and quantification of TiO2 NPs in surface water samples from five sampled dams was performed using several techniques including scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), fluorescence excitation–emission matrix (FEEM) and single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (SP-ICP-MS). The SP-ICP-MS technique was able to simultaneously determine the size and concentration of both the dissolved and particulate titanium (Ti) in water samples. The Ti-containing NPs were found at concentrations ranging from 8.3 × 104 parts/mL to 1.4 × 105 parts/mL in the presence of 14.9 μg/L to 243 μg/L dissolved Ti. The TiO2 nanoparticles were mostly composed of small agglomerates ranging from 102.9 nm to 158.9 nm in size.
Fast adsorption of phosphate (PO4−) from wastewater using glauconite
Authors: Younes Hassan , Mahanna Hani , El-Etriby Hisham Kh. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this study, the removal of phosphate (PO4−) from wastewater using glauconite was investigated. Glauconite was characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effects of contact time, pH, initial phosphate concentrations, adsorbent dose, and temperature were investigated by batch experiments. The isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics for phosphate removal were studied. The results showed that glauconite had a rough surface and abundant pores. The determined Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area was 55 m2/g with a pore radius of 1.99 nm and the pore volume was 0.032 cm3/g. FTIR analysis revealed that the abundance of various functional groups on the surface of glauconite may play an important role for the adsorption process. The optimum pH was 11 with complete removal of phosphate in a short time (nearly 1 min). The experimental data fitted very well with the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.999) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 32.26 mg/g at 50 °C. Adsorption kinetic data were best ﬁtted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999). Thermodynamic study conﬁrmed the spontaneous, endothermic and irreversible adsorption process. Therefore, glauconite is a promising natural low-cost adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater.
Treatment with Melittin Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: He Shou-di , Tan Ning , Sun Chen-xia , Liao Kang-han , Zhu Hui-jun , Luo Xiao-guang , Zhang Jie-yao , Li De-yu , Huang Sheng-guang 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Melittin, the major medicinal component of honeybee venom, exerts antiinflammatory,
analgesic, and anti-arthritic effects in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). RA is an
inflammatory autoimmune joint disease that leads to irreversible joint destruction and functional loss.
Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes (FLS) are dominant, special mesenchymal cells characterized by the
structure of the synovial intima, playing a crucial role in both the initiation and progression of RA.

Objective:
In this study, we evaluated the effects of melittin on the viability and apoptosis of FLS isolated
from patients with RA.

Methods:
Cell viability was determined using CCK-8 assays; apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry,
and the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins (caspase-3, caspase-9, BAX, and Bcl-2)
were also determined. To explore whether melittin alters inflammatory processes in RA-FLS, IL-1β
levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, we performed
GFP-LC3 punctate fluorescence dot assays and western blotting (for LC3, ATG5, p62, and Beclin
1) to assess autophagy in RA-FLS.

Results:
Our results show that melittin can significantly impair viability, promote apoptosis and autophagy,
and inhibit IL-1β secretion in RA-FLS.

Conclusion:
Melittin may be useful in preventing damage to the joints during accidental local stimulation.
miR-205 Suppresses Pulmonary Fibrosis by Targeting GATA3 Through Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Sun Bingke , Xu Shumin , Yan Yanli , Li Yusheng , Li Hongqiang , Zheng Guizhen , Dong Tiancao , Bai Jianwen 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
To investigate the role of miR-205 and GATA3 in Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF).

Methods:
Bleomycin (BLM) was used to induce PF in SD rats and in vitro PF model was established
by using TGFβ1-induced RLE-6TN cells. miR-205 mimics were used for the overexpression of miR-
205. The expression of miR-205, GATA3, α-SMA, Collagen I, CHOP and GRP78 were measured using
RT-qPCR or western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm binding between
GATA3 3’-UTR and miR-205.

Results:
The expression of miR-205 was significantly down-regulated, while the expression of GATA3
was remarkably up-regulated in the model rats. GATA3 levels were remarkably decreased when
miR-205 was overexpressed. When miR-205 was overexpressed, the lung injury by BLM-induced fibrosis
was improved. The expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, as well as GRP78 and CHOP, was significantly
up-regulated in both in vivo and in vitro PF models, and overexpression of miR-205 remarkably
reversed the effects. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-205 directly targeted and negatively
regulated GATA3.

Conclusion:
miR-205 improved pulmonary fibrosis through inhibiting ER-stress by targeting GATA3.
Inhibition of Amyloid β Aggregation Using Optimized Nano-Encapsulated Formulations of Plant Extracts with High Metal Chelator Activities
Authors: Kazdal Fatma , Bahadori Fatemeh , Celik Burak , Ertas Abdulselam , Topcu Gulacti 
Published: December 2019

Background:The role of Fe+2, Cu+2 and Zn+2 in facilitating aggregation of Amyloid β (Aβ) and consequently, the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is well established.Objective:Development of non-toxic metal chelators is an emerging era in the treatment of AD, in which complete success has not been fully achieved. The purpose of this study was to determine plant extracts with high metal chelator and to encapsulate them in nano-micellar systems with the ability to pass through the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB).Method:Extracts of 36 different Anatolian plants were prepared, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined, and the extracts with high content were examined for their Fe+2, Cu+2 and Zn+2 chelating activities. Apolipoprotein E4 (Apo E) decorated nano-formulations of active extracts were prepared using Poly (Lactide-co-Glycolide) (PLGA) (final product ApoEPLGA) to provide BBB penetrating property.Results:Verbascum flavidum aqueous extract was found as the most active sample, incubation of which, with Aβ before and after metal-induced aggregation, resulted in successful inhibition of aggregate formation, while re-solubilization of pre-formed aggregates was not effectively achieved. The same results were obtained using ApoEPLGA.Conclusion:An optimized metal chelator nano-formulation with BBB penetrating ability was prepared and presented for further in-vivo studies.
Pemahaman hakikat sains (NOS) oleh siswa dan guru sekolah dasar
Authors: Widodo Ari , Jumanto Jumanto , Adi Yogi Kuncoro , Imran Muh Erwinto 
Published: December 2019

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat pemahaman siswa dan guru SD tentang hakikat sains (NOS). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei. Purposive sampling digunakan sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa dan guru SD dari Kabupaten Kuningan dan Kabupaten Purwakarta di Jawa Barat, serta dari Kabupaten Kendal dan Kota Surakarta di Jawa Tengah. Kuesioner yang berisi 30 item pernyataan yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti dalam konsultasi dengan dosen, guru, dan kepala sekolah yang didasarkan pada literatur yang relevan digunakan sebagai instrumen dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memahami tingkat NOS pada kriteria Cukup dengan skor 65 sedangkan guru pada kriteria Baik dengan skor 72. Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rentang skor pemahaman NOS guru tidak selalu memiliki efek positif pada pemahaman NOS siswa. Akhirnya, penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa guru harus memahami NOS dan pembelajaran reflektif eksplisit, dan bagaimana mengajarkan NOS dengan pembelajaran reflektif eksplisit. Understanding of the nature of science (NOS) by elementary school students and teachers AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify the understanding level of elementary students and teachers of the nature of science (NOS). This type of research was a descriptive study with a survey method. Purposive sampling was used as a sampling technique. Sample in this study were students and teachers from Kuningan Regency and Purwakarta Regency in West Java, and from Kendal Regency and Surakarta City in Central Java. A questionnaire containing 30 items of statements developed by researchers in consultation with lecturers, teachers, and principals which based on the relevant literature was used as an instrument in this research. The results showed that the students understanding levels of NOS at the Immediate criteria with a score of 65 while the teacher on the Good criteria with a score of 72. Findings from this study indicate that the range of teachers NOS understanding scores did not always have a positive effect on students NOS understanding. Finally, this study recommends that teachers have to understand with NOS and explicit-reflective learning, and how to teach NOS with explicit-reflective learning.
Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of a Self-Guided Internet Intervention for Social Anxiety Symptoms in a General Population Sample: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Powell John , Williams Veronika , Atherton Helen , Bennett Kylie , Yang Yaling , Davoudianfar Mina , Hellsing Annika , Martin Angela , Mollison Jill , Shanyinde Milensu , Yu Ly-Mee , Griffiths Kathleen M 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundMany people are accessing digital self-help for mental health problems, often with little evidence of effectiveness. Social anxiety is one of the most common sources of mental distress in the population, and many people with symptoms do not seek help for what represents a significant public health problem.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-guided cognitive behavioral internet intervention for people with social anxiety symptoms in the general population.MethodsWe conducted a two-group randomized controlled trial in England between May 11, 2016, and June 27, 2018. Adults with social anxiety symptoms who were not receiving treatment for social anxiety were recruited using online advertisements. All participants had unrestricted access to usual care and were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either a Web-based unguided self-help intervention based on cognitive behavioral principles or a waiting list control group. All outcomes were collected through self-report online questionnaires. The primary outcome was the change in 17-item Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN-17) score from baseline to 6 weeks using a linear mixed-effect model that used data from all time points (6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months).ResultsA total of 2122 participants were randomized, and 6 were excluded from analyses because they were ineligible. Of the 2116 eligible randomized participants (mean age 37 years; 80.24%, 1698/2116 women), 70.13% (1484/2116) had follow-up data available for analysis, and 56.95% (1205/2116) had data on the primary outcome, although attrition was higher in the intervention arm. At 6 weeks, the mean (95% CI) adjusted difference in change in SPIN-17 score in the intervention group compared with control was −1.94 (−3.13 to −0.75; P=.001), a standardized mean difference effect size of 0.2. The improvement was maintained at 12 months. Given the high dropout rate, sensitivity analyses explored missing data assumptions, with results that were consistent with those of the primary analysis. The economic evaluation demonstrated cost-effectiveness with a small health status benefit and a reduction in health service utilization.ConclusionsFor people with social anxiety symptoms who are not receiving other forms of help, this study suggests that the use of an online self-help tool based on cognitive behavioral principles can provide a small improvement in social anxiety symptoms compared with no intervention, although dropout rates were high.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02451878; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02451878
Las teorías de las élites desde el vínculo agente-estructura
Authors: Bahena Armillas Edwin Bulmaro 
Published: December 2019

<p>En este artículo se realiza una revisión sobre las teorías de las élites analizadas desde el vínculo sociológico agente-estructura. Para ello, se señala el lazo vinculante entre la práctica de los agentes y el mundo social que los condiciona; además, con base en dicho eje se propone una reinterpretación de algunos elementos de las teorías de Vilfredo Pareto, Gaetano Mosca, Robert Michels, Harold Lasswell, C.W. Mills y William Domhoff, con la finalidad de proponer un conjunto de ideas que inviten a realizar una valoración sobre dichas teorías y su alcance para<br />interpretar su relación con otras propuestas analíticas</p>
Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Pasangan Usia Subur (15-49 Tahun ) Dengan Keberhasilan Program Keluarga Berencana
Authors: Siregar Meina Imelda , Nasriah Nasriah 
Published: December 2019

Masalah pertumbuhan penduduk yang besar sangat dikhawatirkan terjadinya ledakan penduduk dan jumlah penduduk yang besar ini bila tidak dijadikan manusia yang produktif maka menjadi tanggungan negara. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah membuat suatu program yang mampu menekan jumlah pertumbuhan penduduk tersebut dengan adanya Program KB. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan populasi sebanyak 400 pasangan. Jumlah populasi yaitu 100 responden. Instrument yang digunakan dengan menggunakan angket tertutup, alat pengumpul data yang digunakan yaitu observasi dan angket. Berdasarkan100 responden, 27 responden menamatkan pendidikan SMP, 12 responden menyatakan pelaksanaan program KB baik, 7 responden menyatakan cukup baik, 8 responden menyatakan tidak baik. Berdasarkan 51 responden tamatan SMA, 11 responden pelaksanaan program KB baik, 33 responden menyatakan cukup baik, 7 responden menyatakan tidak baik. Berdasarkan 22 responden tamatan PT, 6 menyatakan pelaksanaan program KB baik, 11 responden menyatakan cukup baik dan 5 responden menyatakan tidak baik. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Chi Kuadrat, didapatkan hasil 31% korelasi antara tingkat pendidikan pasangan usia subur terhadap tingkat keberhasilan keluarga berencana.
Bloom of the potentially toxic cyanobacterium P. rubescens: seasonal distribution and possible drivers of its proliferation in the Vrutci reservoir (Serbia)
Authors: Ponjavić Ana Blagojević , Kostić Dušan , Marjanović Prvoslav , Trbojević Ivana , Popović Slađana , Predojević Dragana , Simić Gordana Subakov 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Planktothrix rubescens is a filamentous cyanobacterium with a worldwide distribution in lakes and reservoirs of varying size and morphology. The objective of this study was to identify the population dynamics and the major drivers of P. rubescens blooms. Samples for qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytoplankton were collected every month in 2014 and 2015 from stationary depths, while the main physical parameters were measured in situ along the water column. Samples for chemical analysis were collected below the surface, at mid-depth (metalimnion) and near the bottom. In the periods of thermal stratification, P. rubescens formed the maximum biomass in the metalimnion, however, its volume-weighted biomass reached the maximum value in the winter mixing period (4.40 mm3 l−1). Changes in the P. rubescens population in the reservoir were related to changes in the measured environmental parameters. Significant physical, hydrological, meteorological and chemical parameters were distinguished based on the multivariate analysis. The variable associated with water-level fluctuations showed the highest positive correlation with P. rubescens biomass. We conclude that it is necessary to establish water quality monitoring and prevent excessive water-level fluctuations to ensure a high quality of water supplies from the reservoir.
Numerical simulation of the wave-induced Stokes drift effect on sea surface temperature in the North Pacific
Authors: Liu Jingdong , Shi Jian , Zhang Wenjing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The effect of the wave-induced Stokes drift is not taken into account in traditional ocean circulation models used for SST simulations. The spectral parameterization scheme is considered to be the most accurate of the wave-induced Stokes drift calculation schemes. The numerical simulation results of sea surface temperature (SST) with the Stokes drift and SST without the Stokes drift in the North Pacific in 2014 were analyzed. The Stokes drift plays a cooling role in the North Pacific, and the most affected areas are high-latitude sea areas. The following factors are responsible for cooling: the seawater divergence caused by Stokes transport, changes in the sea surface current field caused by the Coriolis-Stokes force and the effects of turbulence caused by Langmuir circulation. The simulation of the vertical temperature profile in the mixed layer is improved when the Stokes drift is accounted for. The simulated results of SST using the Stokes drift approximate parameterization schemes and the spectral parameterization scheme are compared. The results confirm that the spectral parameterization scheme can be used for accurate SST simulation, and the Phillips spectrum approximate parameterization scheme is the best among the approximate parameterization schemes.