bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Reliable and High‐Throughput Human Biomimetic Cartilage and Bone Models to Explore Senescence and Personalized Osteoarthritis Treatment Options
Authors: Boone Ilja , Houtman Evelyn , Tuerlings Margo , van den Berg Jim J. , Lehmann Johannes , de Keizer Peter L. J. , Nelissen Rob G. H. H. , Meulenbelt Ingrid 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTo facilitate effective preclinical testing of senescence treatments for osteoarthritis (OA), we have created reliable biomimetic and high‐throughput models using aged human joint tissues. Moreover, concerns regarding scalability led to the concurrent development of a high‐throughput human in vitro senescence cartilage organoid model. Osteochondral explants and cells for the cartilage organoid model were isolated from patients undergoing joint replacement surgery due to OA. To induce senescence, explants and organoids were subjected to radiation and/or mechanical loading. Samples were harvested; gene expression of relevant senescent and cartilage genes was measured using RT‐qPCR, and protein expression was evaluated using histology. A general senescence phenotype was induced by the perturbations, as shown by senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining. In‐depth gene expression analysis revealed that hyperphysiological mechanical loading upregulated gene expression of IL8 and SERPINE1, representing aspects of a senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) profile. Irradiation upregulated CDKN1A, encoding p21, and downregulated LMNB1, representing a cell cycle arrest profile with the absence of a SASP response. Combining the two perturbations showed upregulation of CDKN1A, IL8, and SERPINE and downregulation of LMNB1, representing a complementary senescence model. The high‐throughput human in vitro cartilage organoid senescence model showed similar effects to the irradiation explant model. In this study, we present a variety of senescence models of human aged chondrocytes that allows for rapid initial screening of anti‐senescence compounds in high‐throughput, as well as in‐depth, characterization of post‐mitotic aged chondrocytes prone to OA pathophysiology. This research advances the development of essential therapeutics for OA.
Data‐informed selection of evidence‐based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder and co‐occurring symptoms
Authors: Torres Victoria Alicia , Coe Elizabeth , Jackson Jalisa , Leonard Kiara , Rostockyj Jessica , Swensen Kira , Meyer Eric , Gulliver Suzy Bird , Jones Stephanie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly co‐occurs with other disorders. Although there are several evidence‐based treatments available for PTSD and co‐occurring disorders, including cognitive processing therapy (CPT), prolonged exposure (PE), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders (UP), limited findings clarify the use of baseline symptom data to help providers and patients choose among treatments. To address this, the current study examined baseline symptoms and treatment trajectories among 90 veterans and veteran family members with probable PTSD (based on PCL‐5) receiving either trauma‐focused (CPT, PE) or transdiagnostic (ACT, UP) treatment via telehealth, with the aim of assisting providers in recognizing patterns to inform data‐driven treatment selection. Overall, there was no difference in the likelihood of clinically meaningful improvement in PTSD symptoms between transdiagnostic and trauma‐focused treatments, relative risk (RR) = 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.63, 1.34]. When stratified by probable substance use disorder (SUD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) status, the results revealed a pattern suggesting that transdiagnostic treatment may be more effective for reducing PTSD symptoms among individuals with probable co‐occurring SUD and MDD, RR = 1.50, 95% CI [0.27, 8.34], whereas trauma‐focused treatment may be more effective for those without probable co‐occurring SUD or MDD, RR = 0.56, 95% CI [0.31, 1.00]. Studies with larger samples and randomization are needed to confirm patterns. This work could be extended by comparing outcomes from other treatments and by assessing functional outcomes such as posttraumatic growth and quality of life.
Subelliptic p$p$‐Laplacian spectral problem for Hörmander vector fields
Authors: Karazym Mukhtar , Suragan Durvudkhan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBased on variational methods, we study the spectral problem for the subelliptic ‐Laplacian arising from smooth Hörmander vector fields. We derive the smallest eigenvalue, prove its simplicity and isolatedness, establish the positivity of the first eigenfunction, and show Hölder regularity of eigenfunctions with respect to the control distance. Moreover, we determine the best constant for the ‐Poincaré–Friedrichs inequality for Hörmander vector fields as a byproduct.
Properties and Filtration Performance of Porous Clay Membrane Fabricated at Various Sintering Temperatures
Authors: Zulkifli Rumaizah Che , Azaman Fazureen , Razali Mohd Hasmizam , Ali Asmadi , Hassan Mohd Faiz , Nor Mohd Al Amin Muhamad 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA porous clay membrane is fabricated using natural ball clay and sintered at various temperatures ranging from 800 to 1100 °C. The properties of the porous clay membrane are characterized, including shrinkage, water absorption, porosity, density, compressive strength, pure water permeation, and turbidity removal from aquaculture wastewater. A clear trend is observed from the findings. As the sintering temperature increases, the water absorption, porosity, and membrane permeation decreases from 62.25% to 43.67%, 57% to 43%, and 4356 to 2235 L h−1 m−2 bar−1, respectively. Conversely, shrinkage, density, compressive strength, and turbidity removal show an opposite correlation, increasing from 9.09% to 18.18%, 0.84 to 1.0 kg m−3, 0.95 to 4.11 MPa, and 79% to 94%, respectively. In summary, the sample sintered at 1000 °C emerges as the optimal choice for aquaculture wastewater filtration. It strikes a balance between the desired density and strength while maintaining an appropriate porosity level and exceptional turbidity removal capacity. This cost‐effective ceramic filter exhibits promising properties in producing clear effluent.
Enhancing Public Awareness: Media Sensitization about Polymers in Daily Life for Sustainable Living
Authors: Martolia Mukta , Srivastava Sonali , Singh Shishir Kumar , Upadhyaya Shrinkhala , Kumar Ankit 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConsidering the widespread presence of polymers in everyday life, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of their effects on the environment, health, and the promotion of sustainable living. The current study aims to investigate and assess the efficacy of media in raising awareness among the general population regarding the widespread existence and importance of polymers in everyday life. Given the wide range of uses in modern living, such as packaging materials and medical equipment, it is vital to have a thorough grasp and appreciation of the function that polymers play in the daily life. The study aims to evaluate the influence of media in boosting awareness, correcting misunderstandings, breaking myths related to the use of, and encouraging responsible utilization of polymer‐based products. The study also attempts to get insights into the influence of media on public attitudes and behaviors related to polymer usage.
Polyaniline‐Based Nanocomposites for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: A Chithra , Arora Isha , Garg Seema , Bhandari Hema , Sagadeven Suresh , Chandra Amrish 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOver the past few decades, the removal of heavy metals and dyes from the water has become an important concern. Various research studies are focused for the treatment of wastewater and removal of such toxic metals and organic/inorganic dyes from water streams. The process of adsorption and photocatalysis has shown remarkable results in regard for the removal of metals and dyes from the aqueous solution. This paper provides an overall overview of different methods for the synthesis of nanoparticle, synthesis of polyaniline (PANI), and composites based on the PANI combined with nanomaterial. Also, this paper provides an insight on the efficiency of the fabricated nanocomposites for the adsorption of heavy metals and their photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of dyes from the aqueous solution.
Utilization of Nickel‐Modified Natural Zeolite in Catalytic Structural Reforming of Iraqi Naphtha
Authors: Ismael Khalil Mohsen , Yousif Ghazal Raghed , Jamal Ayed Nabeel 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis research focuses on the utilization of abundant natural mineral resources in Iraq to prepare both unmodified natural zeolite and nickel‐modified zeolite. These zeolites are employed in the catalytic thermal structural reforming process of naphtha distillates (35–200 °C) under initial temperature conditions (100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 °C) using a constant catalyst ratio. The zeolites, prepared in two forms, 1% by weight, and with a reaction time of 1 h, are first tested to determine the optimal temperature. Subsequently, the catalyst ratio and reaction time are adjusted based on the initial conditions for each catalyst, to establish the optimum conditions for unmodified zeolite at a temperature of 350 °C, a catalyst ratio of 3%, and a reaction time of 3 h. For nickel‐modified zeolite, the optimal conditions are found to be a temperature of 300 °C, a catalyst ratio of 3%, and a reaction time of 3 h. The catalysts exhibited the ability to form rings and facilitate hydrogenation reactions, resulting in the preparation of aromatic compounds that reach threefold their original concentration. Specifically, the concentration increases from 7.1% to 23.61% in the nickel‐modified catalyst.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Activity of 5‐Chloroquinolin‐8‐ol Complexes
Authors: Abdalrazaq Sakar Mubarak , Suleiman Hamad Iyad , Saber Shihab Afraa 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study involves the preparation of various organic compounds. Ethyl2‐((5‐chloroquinolin‐8‐yl)oxy)acetate compound (S1) is synthesized by the addition of potassium carbonate to 5‐chloroquinolin‐8‐ol and ethylchloroacetate. 2‐((5‐chloroquinolin‐8‐yl)oxy)acetohydrazide (S2) are prepared by the reaction compound S1with hydrazine. Several complexes of Mannich bases are obtained by the reaction equimolar amounts of compound (S2) with the metal salt solution of cobalt and cadmium (MCln.XH2O) (S3‐S5), using ethanol as the solvent. The synthesized compounds and complexes are characterized using various spectroscopic techniques, including Fourier‐Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H, 13C‐NMR) spectroscopy. Additionally, their melting points, purity, molar conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility are determined. The impact of some prepared compounds and complexes on the growth of two antibiotic‐resistant bacterial strains, namely the gram‐negative Staphylococcus and the ram‐positive Escherichia coli, is studied. Amoxicillin, is used as control antibiotic. Some of the synthesized compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activity against the tested bacterial strains.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Hydrogen Storage of Novel MWCNTs–Organic Nanohybrid
Authors: Hasan Haifaa A. , Karim Muhammad Ghazi Abdul 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis work included the preparation of the compound 3‐(1‐(4‐(5‐(4‐(methylthio)phenyl)‐1‐phenyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐yl)phenyl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐1H‐indole (MPT) via a series of reactions on the indole. The prepared compound is characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR, CHN, and melting point. The final product (MPT) is used to prepare a new composite with multiwalled carbon nanotubes, the formation of which is proven by FTIR, SEM, EDX, and TEM, and which appeared in the form of nanotubes covered with nanomaterials in irregular shapes, which is the organic compound. The final nanohybrid (MPT@MWCNTs) is used to test its ability to store hydrogen, which proved that the prepared compound can store hydrogen at a weight percentage of 5 wt.% at a pressure of 100 bar.
Characteristics of the Facial Canal–Lateral Canal Dehiscence: The Under‐recognized Third Window
Authors: Garvis William J. , Johnson Blake A. , Kluesner Katherine E. , Garvis Stephanie M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to establish normative data on the bony partition between the facial canal (FC) and the lateral semicircular canal (LSCC) and present our initial series of cases in which an FC‐LSCC dehiscence was identified based on these anatomic criteria, with or without other third window pathologies.Study DesignNormative data: Analysis of archival otopathological human temporal bone specimens and computed tomography (CT) scans. Clinical data: Case studies.SettingAn otopathology laboratory and a specialized otolaryngology, head and neck surgery outpatient clinic.MethodsWe measured the bony partition thickness between the FC‐LSCC in human temporal bone otopathological specimens and CT scans. The clinical study involved a series of reviews of patients with FC‐LSCC, presenting clinical data and CT images.ResultsThe average thickness of the bony partition measured via CT was 0.6 mm ± 0.2 mm, whereas in otopathological specimens it was 0.56 mm ± 0.17 mm. We identified 34 patients with FC‐LSCC dehiscence. The most frequently reported symptoms were hearing loss (44%), dizziness/vertigo (44%), and tinnitus (41%). Of the patients, 15 (44%) had more than 1 site of bone dehiscence and 21 (62%) had bilateral FC‐LSCC dehiscence. We then identified 36 patients in whom only FC‐LSCC dehiscences were found and provided characteristics for this population.ConclusionOur study provides normative characteristics on the bony partition between the FC‐LSCC and the signs and symptoms of this third window abnormality. FC‐LSCC should be included in differential diagnoses of patients presenting with third window syndrome symptoms.
Authentic Leadership and Physical Asset Management Practices in the Public Sector: The Mediating Role of Stakeholder Engagement
Authors: Obicci Peter Adoko , Ntayi Joseph Mpeera , Mugurusi Godfrey , Karyeija Gerald Kagambirwe 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAn efficient public sector relies heavily on effective physical assets management processes. This study examines the significance of authentic leadership in enhancing physical asset management (PAM) Practices of the Public Sector. Here we focused on the mediating Influence of stakeholder engagement in public organizations. Data were collected from 283 employees from various local governments (LGs) in Uganda, Using simple random sampling and census procedures for participant selection. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Version 23.0, supplemented by MedGraph (Excel Version 13), the Sobel test, and the Kenny‐Baron guideline to measure the mediation effect. The study's findings highlight the Importance of authentic leadership in the context of PAM, Indicating that such leadership characteristics are favorably correlated with better management practices. Furthermore, stakeholder engagement emerged as a constructive factor, serving as a partial mediator in the Interaction between authentic leadership and PAM. These findings support the impact of authentic leadership on PAM through better stakeholder engagement. The findings show that local governments which develop and implement policies that encourage active stakeholder participation and promote authenticity in leadership practices in PAM, they promote the co‐creation of value and enhance the stewardship of physical assets. This study attempts to integrate the impacts of authentic leadership on PAM within the public sector domain. It proposes a novel strategy, which place the role of stakeholder participation in this dynamic. The study lays suggestions for future research to further validate and examine these correlations, which as argued, can boost the efficacy of PAM in public sector organizations.
Policy Capacity Under Decentralization: Kindergarten Education Reforms in the Philippines
Authors: Saguin Kidjie Ian , Ramesh M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe paper examines the relationship between policy capacity and policy effectiveness in decentralized governance setups. It challenges the conventional view that policy functions should only be decentralized when requisite capacities already exist at lower levels of government. Instead, the paper proposes that capacity can follow function ‐ as non‐central authorities perform decentralized responsibilities over time, they build the capacity to successfully implement those functions through learning‐by‐doing. The central argument is illustrated through the case of universalizing kindergarten education in the Philippines. The study finds that variations in analytical, operational, and political policy capacities align with how education governance functions are distributed across levels of government in the country. The survey reveals lower capacity levels among central government kindergarten coordinators compared to their regional and division counterparts, suggesting capacity develops through performing the required functions. The paper's main contribution lies in proposing that capacity is adaptive: by assigning functions first, relevant agencies can develop requisite capacities incrementally through learning‐by‐doing as they perform those responsibilities. In other words, capacity follows and approximates the functions rather than preceding them. This novel conceptualization challenges the dominant thinking that decentralization should allocate functions based on existing capacities. It also underscores the importance of quick learning and capacity building at various government levels to fulfill decentralized responsibilities effectively.
Synthesis of (2R,3S)‐2‐(3,4‐Dihydroxy phenyl)chroman‐3,5,7‐triol Derivative Boron Compounds: Antioxidant, Enzyme, Antimicrobial, and Antibiofilm Activities
Authors: Paşa Salih , Atlan Metin , Temel Hamdi , Ertaş Abdulselam , Yabaş Ebru , Dinçer Emine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract(2R,3S)‐2‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)chroman‐3,5,7‐triol compound corresponds to catechin, which is from the flavanol class of flavonoids and has many pharmacological effects such as anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, dermatological, antihypertensive, antiviral, antimutagenic, antidiabetic. The aim of this study is to investigate novel drug candidates for several human diseases composed of catechin and boronic acid derivatives. Catechin was modified by various types of boronic acid compounds. In the derivatization experiment, phenyl boronic acid, 6‐methoxy naphthalene boronic acid, 1,4‐phenyl diboronic acid, 3‐formyl phenyl boronic acid, and 4‐methoxy‐3‐formyl phenyl boronic acid, 4‐methoxy phenyl boronic acid were firstly used to modify catechin. The newly obtained compounds were structurally elucidated by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, and LC‐MS spectral techniques. All novel derivatives were examined for antioxidant (with particular methods such as ABTS, DPPH, and CUPRAC), enzyme, and antibiofilm activities. Most compounds were determined to be more active or effective than those standard compounds. Among all derivatives, CB‐2 showed the highest inhibition of enzymes and the highest antioxidant activities. Biological results revealed that the boronic‐modified compounds could be designed as potential antioxidants, enzymes, antimicrobials, and antibiofilm agents.
Zero‐Waste Production of Copper Nanoparticles and Activated Carbon from Erigeron canadensis L.: A Sustainable Approach for Environmental and Health Applications
Authors: Aytar Erdi Can , Basılı Taşkın , Durmaz Alper , Aydın Betül , Seyfeli Rukan Can , Kahyaoğlu İbrahim Mizan , Karakuş Selcan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study presents a novel, zero‐waste process for producing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), activated carbons (ACs), and oil extract (OE) from a plant Erigeron canadensis L. in Sp. Pl.: 863 (1753). This method optimizes resource utilization and eliminates waste, offering a sustainable approach to green synthesis. The NPs were characterized using XRD, SEM, and FTIR. Their effectiveness was evaluated through comparative studies on methylene blue removal, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity. The prepared OE exhibited superior antibacterial properties, particularly against Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae ATCC 13883 (inhibition zone: 19 ± 0 mm) and Proteus vulgaris RSKK 96029 (inhibition zone: 18.7 ± 0.6 mm). The AC demonstrated exceptional dye adsorption efficiency, ranging from 98.62% to 99.50%. Antioxidant tests revealed that CuNPs possessed strong antioxidant capacity, with an IC50 of 0.023 ± 0.002 mg/mL in the DPPH radical scavenging test and 0.41 ± 0.07 mg/mL in the iron chelation test. The OE demonstrated lower DPPH scavenging capacity (0.43 ± 0.01) but significant iron‐chelating ability (41.94 ± 1.06). In comparison, standard antioxidants EDTA and BHT showed lower effectiveness in their respective tests. These experimental findings underscore the potential of this green approach for bio zero‐waste‐derived products in environmental and biomedical applications, highlighting its broad applicability.
Ammonium Iodide Mediated Electrochemical Oxidative Sulfonylation of Thiols with Sodium Sulfinates to Access Thiosulfonates
Authors: Bai Yuan , Xu Zi‐Ye , Sun Xue‐Jie , Liang Sen , Tian Hong‐Yu , Sun Bao‐Guo , Zeng Cheng‐Chu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAn efficient protocol for the synthesis of thiosulfonates via the electrochemical oxidative sulfonylation of thiols and sodium sulfinates has been developed. The electrochemical oxidative sulfonylation reaction proceeded using NH4I both as a redox catalyst and a supporting electrolyte in undivided cell equipped with graphite anode and graphite cathode under constant current condition. This process avoids the utilization of external oxidants or corrosive molecular iodine and therefore represents an environmentally benign means for achieving the transformation.
Substrate Stabilized Charge Transfer Scheme In Coverage Controlled 2D Metal Organic Frameworks
Authors: Mearini Simone , Brandstetter Dominik , Grisan Qiu Yan Yan , Baranowski Daniel , Cojocariu Iulia , Jugovac Matteo , Gargiani Pierluigi , Valvidares Manuel , Schio Luca , Floreano Luca , Windischbacher Andreas , Puschnig Peter , Feyer Vitaliy , Schneider Claus Michael 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRecently, 2D metal‐organic frameworks (2D MOFs), characterized by complex charge transfer mechanisms, have emerged as a promising class of networks in the development of advanced materials with tailored electronic and magnetic properties. Following the successful synthesis of a 2D MOF formed by nickel (Ni) linkers and 7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) ligands, this work investigates how the Ni‐to‐ligand ratio influences the electronic charge redistribution in an Ag(100)‐supported 2D MOF. The interplay between linker‐ligand and substrate‐MOF charge transfer processes leads to a stable equilibrium, resulting in a robust electronic structure that remains independent of stoichiometric ratios. This stability is primarily based on the electron transfer from the metal substrate, which compensates for charge imbalances introduced by the metal‐organic coordination across different MOF configurations. Despite minor changes observed in the magnetic response of the Ni centers, these findings emphasize the robustness of the electronic structure, which remains largely unaffected by structural variations, highlighting the potential of these 2D MOFs for advanced applications in electronics and spintronics.