bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of flexible PVDF-HFP film for piezoelectric applications
Authors: Yuennan Jureeporn , Muensit Nantakan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We report on the preparation of electroactive β-phase in polyvinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) without any electrical poling treatment. The PVDF-HFP film with various mass fractions (wt%) of magnesium chloride hexahydrate salt (MgCh∼6H2O) was fabricated by a solution casting technique. The morphological, mechanical, structural and dielectric properties were investigated. Results founded that the PVDF-HFP composite films show a large number of micro-pores on the top surface as a sponge-like structure. The Young’s modulus and crystallinity values tend to be linearly decreased with the MgCh2⋗6H2O concentration leading to enhance flexibility. The largest β-phase fraction of 87.2% is found in the composite with 1 wt% MgCh2⋗6H2O filler. The obtained value is 4 times higher than the value of unfilled PVDF-HFP. Moreover, the maximum value of dielectric constant is about 19.2 at 10 Hz for 4 wt% MgCh2⋗6H2O filler. Therefore, the modified composites with the excellent flexibility, dielectric constant and β-phase may be a promising material for applications in the field of piezoelectric energy conversion.
Advances in Precision Control of Magnetic Microrobots
Authors: Mustafa Aalim M. , Khaled Nassim 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Magnetic actuated systems promise great commercial applications. For instance, it can be used to precisely control the targeted drug delivery and minimally invasive medical applications. In this paper, we have summarized recent advances in the field of control and path planning of magnetic microrobots. We have investigated the main differences between approaches, materials, trajectories, control methods and the main features of each research paper.
An Automatic Calibration Method for Puncture Surgical Robot
Authors: Yuan H X , Li Q Q , Zhao H , Wang L J , Song R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a rapid and automatic calibration method for puncture surgery robot, via which the hand-eye and tool calibration can be accomplished automatically in a short time. A new method for coordinate conversion between robot flange and needle tip is proposed, based on the method of spherical fitting and singular value decomposition. The experimental results show that the calibration accuracy and stability of this method can meet clinical requirements. There are good prospects for this method using in surgical calibration application.
Analytical Calculation of Large Deflection of Annular Thin Plate of Damping Valve
Authors: Chen Yijie , Nie Wei , Gao Xiaodong , Li Baoqiang , Wan Yiqiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the phenomenon of bending deformation caused by the pressure difference of the throttle plate in the working process of the damping valve, the analytical calculation of the large deflection of the annular thin plate was carried out. On the basis of extracting the physical model of the thin plate, the boundary conditions and initial conditions of the annular thin plate were set by using the Qian’s perturbation method, and the nonlinear large deflection deformation analytical formula was derived; Through the finite element modeling, the accurate numerical solution of thin plate deformation was obtained, and the key parameters of the analytical formula were corrected by the least squares method. Through verification, the modified analytical formula had the characteristics of easy calculation and high calculation accuracy, and the influence law of the large deflection of the throttle valve was studied, which provided the necessary theoretical support for the accurate design of the damping valve performance.
Effects of Manufacturing Tolerances on Dynamic Properties of Journal Bearings
Authors: Ma Xun , Xu Wubin , Jin Sun , Zhang Xueping , Li Bing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Dynamic properties of journal bearings were analysed when manufacturing tolerances existed. A methodology was proposed to predict journal bearing properties and to seek a relationship between the manufacturing tolerances and the dynamic coefficients. All the dynamic coefficients of journal bearings were investigated against Sommerfeld number and four types of standard tolerance grades in laminar flow regimes respectively. The results showed that manufacturing tolerances had a significant influence on the dynamic coefficients, especially the cross terms of both stiffness and damping coefficients. The more the magnitude of manufacturing tolerance grade is, the more variations of dynamic coefficients are. It is recommended to take the effect of tolerances on the dynamic performance of journal bearings on its design stage.
A 20.5 dBm Outphasing Class-F PA with Chireix Architecture at 3.5 GHz for RF Transmitter Front-end
Authors: Sun Yusheng , Du Sichun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
An outphasing class-F power amplifier (PA) with Chireix architecture is presented in Global Foundry (GF) 0.13µm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The proposed circuit is composed of two branch class-F PA and Chireix power combiner with a floating load. The designed outphasing amplifier can provide 20.5 dBm output power from 1.8 V power supply at 3.5 GHz with 52.9 % power added efficiency (PAE). Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA) signal is implemented as input signal to simulate ACPR and the adjacent channel leakage ratios (ACLRs) at ±5 MHz are -20.5 dBc/-20.7dBc. After DPD (Digital Pre-Distortion) ACLRs can achieve -44.5 dBc/-44.7dBc at ±5 MHz. Furthermore, the chip area including testing pads is 1.98*1.62 mm
2.
Study on Simulation of Warning Method and Evaluation of Car-following for Intelligent Drive
Authors: Nv-er Ren , Rong Jiang , Xu Cheng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Car-following behavior is one of the main driving behaviors of drivers in road traffic environment, the simulation experiment for car-following early warning of intelligent driving can provide driver with safe and efficient verification before Real Vehicle Experiments. The focus of the research is how to detect car-following distance by LiDAR and evaluate the car-following warning method under the simulation environment. In this paper, the mathematical model of LiDAR was established in the simulation environment so that we can obtain the Time Headway changing to warn driver to accelerate or not in real time. Next in importance, in Unreal Engine 4 virtual scene, by using the special collision detection box to simultaneously detect the longitudinal and lateral relative positions of the ego vehicle and the front vehicle, we can complete the comprehensive evaluation of car-following behavior in both horizontal and vertical directions. Ultimately, to verify the validity and reliability of this method, hardware-in-the-loop simulation of car-following warning method was realized by connecting the driving simulator. As a consequence, by using the method of this paper, we provide a feasible technical scheme for intelligent driving vehicles in respect of multi-lane car-following warning.
Multi-objective Excavation Trajectory Optimization for Intelligent Electric Shovel Based on ROS
Authors: Fan Zhonglei , Zhang Tianci , Qiao Jianqiang , Li Guang , Zhao Yonggang , Wang Xin , Sun Wei , Song Xueguan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Electric shovel is a large-scale excavation equipment, which often suffer from discontinuous and inefficient excavation due to complicated mine condition. To address these challenges, a multi-objective optimization strategy for electric shovel is proposed to achieve an efficient, stable and intelligent operation. Firstly, the dynamical model of the electric shovel system is established based on Lagrange method. Then, the minimum energy consumption per volume and minimum relief angle difference are regarded as the optimization formulation considering multiple system constraints. Finally, the strategy is applied to the ROS-based intelligent prototype of shovel to verify the effectiveness. The results show that the multi-objective optimization strategy of the excavation trajectory has great guiding significance for the design of the intelligent electric shovel.
Research of Load Distribution Between Working and Backup Rolls of Sheet Levelling Machine with Regard to Gaps and Heat Strain
Authors: Yu Belyaev S , Chechulin Yu B , Fedulov A A , Yu Bulganina M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article addresses to distribution of loading between working and backup rolls of sheet levelling machines taking into account presence of initial gaps between them and heating that occurs during the straightening process, which is especially important in case of the high-temperature straightening. For levelling machines with a single row of backup rolls calculated dependencies were obtained to evaluate loads suffered by backup roll taking into account factors under this study and the analysis of results for the 9-roll straightening machine were carried out. The analysis showed a significant overload suffered by backup rolls.
The Development and Application of Methodologies for the Design of Technological Modes of Cold Rolling
Authors: Kozhevnikov A V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article describes the methodology of designing technological modes of cold rolling of thin steel strips on continuous mills, according to which the design process is presented in the form of seven interconnected modules that perform certain functions. As a result of the implementation of the principles, effective deformation modes are obtained, which provide a reduction in total energy costs by 5-8 % in compliance with the requirements for the quality indicators of the strip.
Analysis of the Microstructure Evolution in the Implementation of a New Macro Shear Rolling Technology
Authors: Naizabekov A B , Lezhnev S N , Panin E A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the work on the basis of computer modeling, a comparative analysis of the rolling technology of a plate billet, which includes rolling in relief rolls with subsequent rolling in rolls with a smooth barrel to the desired size, compared with the existing rolling technology was performed. The results of comparison of deformation schemes using microstructure evolution indicate the advantage of the proposed technology compared with the current rolling technology.
The Effect of Prior Comparison MRI on Interpretive Performance of Screening Breast MRI
Authors: Burk Kristine S , Edmonds Christine E , Mercaldo Sarah F , Lehman Constance D , Sippo Dorothy A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effect of prior comparison MRI on interpretive performance of screening breast MRI.

Methods
After institutional review board approval, all screening breast MRI examinations performed from January 2011 through December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Screening performance metrics were estimated and compared for exams with and without a prior comparison MRI, using logistic regression models to adjust for age and screening indication (BRCA mutation or thoracic radiation versus breast cancer history versus high-risk lesion history versus breast cancer family history).

Results
Most exams, 4509 (87%), had a prior comparison MRI (incidence round), while 661 (13%) did not (prevalence round). Abnormal interpretation rate (6% vs 20%, P &lt; 0.01), biopsy rate (3% vs 9%, P &lt; 0.01), and false-positive biopsy recommendation rate per 1000 exams (21 vs 71, P &lt; 0.01) were significantly lower in the incidence rounds compared to the prevalence rounds, while specificity was significantly higher (95% vs 81%, P &lt; 0.01). There was no difference in cancer detection rate (CDR) per 1000 exams (12 vs 20, P = 0.1), positive predictive value of biopsies performed (PPV3) (35% vs 23%, P = 0.1), or sensitivity (86% vs 76%, P = 0.4).

Conclusion
Presence of a prior comparison significantly improves incidence round screening breast MRI examination performance compared with prevalence round screening. Consideration should be given to updating the BI-RADS breast MRI screening benchmarks and auditing prevalence and incidence round examinations separately.
An Interprofessional End-of-Life Simulation to Improve Knowledge and Attitudes of End-of-Life Care Among Nursing and Physical Therapy Students
Authors: Campbell Denise , Trojanowski Suzanne , Smith Leslie M. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Preprofessional end-of-life (EOL) education may be inadequate, leaving a gap in students' knowledge and understanding to manage a dying patient. Attitudes toward a dying patient can affect the quality of care being provided. Simulation-based learning experience (SBLE) can assist with handling emotional situations such as EOL care.

Purpose:
The purpose of this project was to describe an interprofessional education (IPE) EOL SBLE to evaluate the changes in students' knowledge and attitudes in EOL care.

Methods:
A quasi-experimental repeated-measures pre/posttest design was used to evaluate attitudes, awareness, and behaviors of students during a simulated EOL experience. Eighty-three nursing and physical therapist students participated in an SBLE focusing on EOL care. The Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale—Form B (FATCOD-B) was completed pre/post-SBLE. Students completed a written reflection of their experience and role within the SBLE.

Results:
The results from the FATCOD-B showed significant improvement. A 2-tailed P value (P = .0003) showed post-SBLE mean score being 4.02, demonstrating a significant improvement on the scores from pre- to post-SBLE. Qualitative data from the students' reflections demonstrated a positive response to the SBLE. Students commented the SBLE prepared them to care for a dying patient and working collaboratively with students from another discipline reinforced teamwork.

Conclusion:
There is significant evidence demonstrating the unpreparedness of health care professionals in caring for the dying patient. The results of this project demonstrated that incorporating an EOL simulation into curricula improved students' knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward patients and their family members at EOL.
Design and Implementation of the Health Professions Simulation Assessment, a Tool to Assess Students' Perceptions of Simulation Experiences
Authors: Greenwood Kristin Curry , Kirwin Jennifer , Huo Zhiguang 
Published: January 2020

Background:Simulation is an important educational method in the health professions. While several academic programs have shared simulation quality assessment tools that are intended to be used in a particular discipline, a valid and reliable assessment that can be used by a variety of entry-level health professions education programs is lacking. In order to improve and refine interprofessional simulation programs, a tool that is acceptable to the multiple professions that participate in interprofessional simulation education is needed. The purpose of this study was to design and analyze an evidence-based quality assessment tool that could capture students' perceptions of simulation experiences and could be used by multiple health professions.Subjects:The study included 329 students from different health professions majors who participated as part of their required coursework.Methods:An evidence-based Health Professions Simulation Assessment (HPSA) was created in 2016, pilot tested in 2017, and then disseminated to a larger cohort in 2018. The results of the second dissemination were analyzed using R software to understand the validity and utility of the tool.Results:The response rate for each question was more than 90% and the mean rate of agreement was 79.0% (±8.9%). We observed a high correlation among all pairs of questions (mean 0.51, SD 0.19). In addition, we performed hierarchical clustering and identified 4 clusters of questions that were highly correlated (preparation for experience, self-reflection/emotions, debriefing, and fidelity).Conclusion:An evidence-based tool was created that could be used in a variety of health professions programs to evaluate students' perceptions of the quality of a simulation. This easily administered tool demonstrated satisfactory agreement; the data gathered through its use may be used to improve the quality of simulations in entry-level health professions education programs. This tool was found to be acceptable to multiple professions and could be used in interprofessional student groups to obtain a shared assessment of a simulation. Further research is warranted to determine validity among interprofessional groups of students.
Recurrent Pancreatitis in Children
Authors: Ellery Kate M. , Uc Aliye 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTRecurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis are increasingly recognized in childhood. Etiologies are vastly different in children compared with adults and mostly involve genetic and anatomical factors with negligible contribution of environmental risks. Pediatric acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) have significant impact on quality of life with high healthcare costs. Children with these conditions suffer from recurrent acute or chronic abdominal pain and they endure multiple emergency room visits, hospitalizations, procedures, and surgeries. Diagnostic methods are being developed; treatment options are limited. This review summarizes the most recent developments in pediatric ARP and CP. These discoveries will help physicians provide optimal care for children with these conditions.
EZcalcium: Open Source Toolbox for Analysis of Calcium Imaging Data
Authors: Cantu Daniel A. , Wang Bo , Gongwer Michael W. , He Cynthia X. , Goel Anubhuti , Suresh Anand , Kourdougli Nazim , Arroyo Erica D. , Zeiger William , Portera-Cailliau Carlos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFluorescence calcium imaging using a range of microscopy approaches, such as 2-photon excitation or head-mounted ‘miniscopes’, is one of the preferred methods to record neuronal activity and glial signals in various experimental settings, including acute brain slices, brain organoids, and behaving animals. Because changes in the fluorescence intensity of genetically encoded or chemical calcium indicators correlate with action potential firing in neurons, data analysis is based on inferring such spiking from changes in pixel intensity values across time within different regions of interest. However, the algorithms necessary to extract biologically relevant information from these fluorescent signals are complex and require significant expertise in programming to develop robust analysis pipelines. For decades, the only way to perform these analyses was for individual laboratories to write their own custom code. These routines were typically not well annotated and lacked intuitive graphical user interfaces (GUIs), which made it difficult for scientists in other laboratories to adopt them. Although the panorama is changing with recent tools likeCaImAn,Suite2Pand others, there is still a barrier for many laboratories to adopt these packages, especially for potential users without sophisticated programming skills. As 2-photon microscopes are becoming increasingly affordable, the bottleneck is no longer the hardware, but the software used to analyze the calcium data in an optimal manner and consistently across different groups. We addressed this unmet need by incorporating recent software solutions for motion correction, segmentation, signal extraction and deconvolution of calcium imaging data into an open-source, easy to use, GUI-based, intuitive and automated data analysis software, which we namedEZcalcium.
Tramadol as a pain relieving and physical work performance enhancement medication
Authors: Madukwe Ann Ukachi , Klein Axel 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess participants’ perception that tramadol enhances physical work performance and acts as a pain relief.

Design/methodology/approach
The participants were 30 (18 male and 12 female) tramadol-using emerging adults, aged 16–27 years, selected through respondent-driven sampling. The majority of the participants were university students, whereas others had completed senior secondary education. The study adopted a qualitative design. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analyses.

Findings
In general, respondents perceived and used tramadol for pain relief and physical work performance enhancement. The result showed that sex, employment status and daily dosage were not associated with respondents’ perception of tramadol as a pain-relieving medication. In contrast, sex and employment status were associated with participants’ perception of tramadol as a physical work performance enhancement medication, but daily dosage was not.

Research limitations/implications
Some users refused to participate because they were afraid of being exposed to law enforcement.

Practical implications
Male and female emerging adults are involved in non-medical use of tramadol. Prevention and intervention programs to reduce or stop this behaviour are needed, especially in the rural communities.

Social implications
The result showed that users were mostly from poor homes, whose parents could not afford university education and who were not qualified to get good government paying jobs. So, the use of tramadol became necessary for them to make more money from the kind of jobs they did. Reduction of the cost of university education and provision of regular jobs for this population are some of the measures recommended to counter non-medical use of tramadol by this population.

Originality/value
This is the first study in South-eastern Nigeria that focused on the non-medical use of tramadol among emerging adults, using a qualitative design.
The role of spatial intelligence in predicting web information searching behavior and performance of high school students
Authors: Naghib Fatemeh , Mirzabeigi Mahdieh , Alborzi Mahboobeh 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the role of spatial intelligence in predicting the web information searching behavior and performance of high school students.Design/methodology/approachThe population of this study consisted of all female students who were studying in the eighth and ninth grades of Shiraz University School. The students searched an educational website by using keywords to find some answers to two tasks (one simple task and one complex task).FindingsThe findings of this study revealed that among the five components of spatial intelligence, the three components of spatial orientation, perceptual speed and flexibility of closure could better predict the web searching behavior and performance of the students. To elaborate, spatial orientation could predict the query length and the search time; perceptual speed was helpful in predicting the reformulation of the question, the number of results pages observed, the number of links viewed, and success; flexibility of closure also predicted the success in the search.Originality/valueThe results of this study can help researchers and others understand the searching behavior and performance of children and the cognitive factors which affect them. The results can also help teachers and school librarians to teach students the necessary skills and design interactive systems that take into account adolescents’ different cognitive approaches. While other studies have focused on adults’ and university students’ behavior, this study examined the adolescents’ behavior. Furthermore, although the previous studies have attempted to investigate just one dimension of the searching process, i.e., either behavior or performance, this study simultaneously focused on both dimensions and examined both searching behavior and performance through keyword searching strategy.