bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conventional internal limiting membrane peeling versus temporal inverted internal limiting membrane flap for large macular holes
Authors: Avci Remzi , Mavi Yildiz Aysegul , Yilmaz Sami 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: To compare the functional, anatomical, and morphological results of conventional internal limiting membrane peeling versus temporal inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for the treatment of macular holes larger than 400 μm. Design: Retrospective, comparative case series. Methods: A total of 33 patients were included, of whom 18 were treated with internal limiting membrane peeling (Group 1) and 15 were treated with temporal inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique (Group 2). Complete ophthalmic examination, such as microperimetry and optical coherence tomography, was performed preoperatively and at 12 months after surgery. Results: The closure rates accomplished in Groups 1 and 2 were 72.2% and 100%, respectively (p = 0.036). The mean improvement in best-corrected visual acuity was logMAR 0.49 ± 0.17 in Group 1 and logMAR 0.91 ± 0.15 in Group 2 (p = 0.037). U-shaped closure was achieved in one eye in Group 1 and 12 eyes in Group 2 (p < 0.001). Complete restoration of external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone rates were significantly higher in Group 2 (p = 0.027 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The single-layered temporal inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique improves not only anatomical and morphological but also functional outcomes of surgery for large macular holes. Furthermore, this technique seems to minimize the risk of iatrogenic trauma to the nasal part of the fovea and the corresponding papillomacular bundle fibers.
Ab interno trabeculectomy with the dual blade in juvenile open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Khouri Albert S , Zhu Yan , Sadek Hadeel 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: To introduce the use of the Kahook Dual Blade in the treatment of juvenile open-angle glaucoma. Patients and methods: A 14-year-old male was presented with juvenile open-angle glaucoma in the left eye. Ab interno trabeculectomy was performed using a dual-blade device. Results: Intraocular pressure was reduced from 28 to 15 mmHg in the left eye after 18 months. There were no complications. Conclusion: Dual blade ab interno trabeculectomy is a promising alternate to goniotomy in the treatment of juvenile open-angle glaucoma.
Femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery: A review
Authors: Roberts Harry W , Day Alexander C , O’Brart David PS 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: Review scientific literature concerning femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery. Methods: Following databases were searched: CENTRAL (Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register; Cochrane Library: Issue 2 of 12, June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE® without Revisions (1996 to June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE® (1946 to June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE® Daily Update June 2019, MEDLINE and MEDLINE Non-Indexed Items, Embase (1980–2019), Embase (1974 to June 2019), Ovid MEDLINE® and Epub Ahead of Print, in-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Daily (1946 to June 2019), Web of Science (all years), the metaRegister of Controlled Trials ( www.controlled-trials.com ), ClinicalTrials.gov ( www.clinicaltrial.gov ) and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform ( www.who.int/ictrp/search/en ). Search terms/keywords included ‘Femtosecond laser’ combined with ‘cataract’, ‘cataract surgery’. Results: Based on quality of their methodology and their originality, 121 articles were reviewed, including randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case-controlled studies, case series, case reports and laboratory studies. Each step of the femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery procedure (corneal incisions, arcuate keratotomies, capsulotomy and lens fragmentation) has been discussed with relevance to published outcomes, as well as complication rates of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery, and what we can learn from the larger studies/meta-analyses and the economics of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery within different healthcare settings. Conclusion: Studies suggest that the current clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery are not different to conventional phacoemulsification surgery and it is not cost effective when compared with conventional phacoemulsification surgery. In its current technological form, it is a useful surgical tool in specific complex cataract scenarios, but its usage has not been shown to translate into better clinical outcomes.
An investigation into the relationships between bullying, discrimination, burnout and patient safety in nurses and midwives: is burnout a mediator?
Authors: Johnson Judith , Cameron* Lorraine , Mitchinson Lucy , Parmar Mayur , Opio-te Gail , Louch Gemma , Grange Angela 
Published: December 2019

Background Bullying and discrimination may be indirectly associated with patient safety via their contribution to burnout, but research has yet to establish this. Aims The aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between workplace bullying, perceived discrimination, levels of burnout and patient safety perceptions in nurses and midwives and to assess whether bullying and discrimination were more frequently experienced by Black, Asian and minority ethnic than White nurses and midwives. Methods In total, 528 nurses and midwives were recruited from four hospitals in the United Kingdom to complete a cross-sectional survey between February and March 2017. The survey included items on bullying, discrimination, burnout and individual level and ward level patient safety perceptions. Data were analysed using path analysis. Results The results were reported according to the STROBE checklist. Bullying and discrimination were significantly associated with higher burnout. Higher burnout was in turn associated with poorer individual- and ward-level patient safety perceptions. Experiences of discrimination were three times more common among Black, Asian and minority ethnic than White nurses and midwives, but there was no significant difference in experiences of bullying. Conclusions Bullying and discrimination are indirectly associated with patient safety perceptions via their influence on burnout. Healthcare organisations seeking to improve patient care should implement strategies to reduce workplace bullying and discrimination.
Glatiramer acetate as a clinically and cost-effective treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis over 10 years of use within the National Health Service: Final results from the UK Risk Sharing Scheme
Authors: Giovannoni G , Brex PA , Dhiraj D , Fullarton J , Freddi M , Rodgers-Gray B , Schmierer K 
Published: December 2019

Background The UK Risk Sharing Scheme (RSS) provided information on the effect of first-line multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying treatments on long-term disability. Objective The aim is to provide results specific to glatiramer acetate (GA; Copaxone®) from the final 10-year analysis of the RSS. Methods A Markov model was used to assess clinical effectiveness measured as Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression and utility loss. Untreated patients from the British Columbia MS cohort (1980–1995) were used as a ‘virtual comparator’ group. A separate Markov model assessed cost-effectiveness, based on a 50-year time horizon (with a 50% treatment waning effect imposed at 10 years) and using NHS list price (£513.95 per 28 days). Results were expressed in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Results In total, 755 patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) received GA, with a mean follow-up of 7.1 (standard deviation 1.3) years. EDSS progression was reduced by 23% (progression ratio 76.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 69.0–84.3) and utility loss by 39% (progression ratio 61.0, 95% CI 52.7–69.3) compared with no treatment. There was no persistent waning in GA treatment effect over time (EDSS: p = 0.093; utilities: p = 0.119). The cost per QALY was £17,841. Conclusion GA had a beneficial effect on long-term disability and was a cost-effective treatment for RRMS.
Sharp systolic blood pressure elevation at extubation is a risk factor for symptomatic epidural hematoma after spine surgery
Authors: Tsuge Sintaro , Wada Akihito , Iida Yasuaki , Inoue Yasuhiro , Fukutake Katsunori , Nishiwaki Yuji , Takahashi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2019

Study design: The present study is a single-center retrospective cohort study. Objective: The objective of the study is to verify the hypothesis that sharp elevation of systolic blood pressure at extubation is a risk factor for development of symptomatic epidural hematoma after spinal surgery. Summary of background data: Postoperative symptomatic epidural hematoma (she) after spine surgery is a rare but potentially serious complication that may result in paralysis unless removed at an early stage. Methods: The subjects were 2611 patients treated with decompression and decompression/fusion of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae at our hospital. Twelve of these patients developed postoperative SEH and removal of hematoma was performed. To investigate the risk factors in these patients, data were analyzed for age at the time of surgery, sex, preoperative complications, medical history, body mass index, preoperative platelet count, surgical procedure, microscope use, operative time, blood loss, surgical site, systolic blood pressure (SBP) at extubation, difference between resting and extubation SBP, ratio of SBP at extubation to that at rest, blood pressure at discharge from the operating room, and use of a drain. Results: There was a significantly higher rate of SBP ratio (extubation/rest) ≥1.3 in patients with SEH ( p = 0.021, Fisher’s exact test). Among the preoperative complications and medical histories, the frequency of cerebrovascular disorder tended to be higher in SEH cases than in non-SEH cases ( p = 0.073). There was no significant difference for all other parameters listed above. In multivariate logistic analysis, the odds ratios were 3.98 ( p = 0.018) for an SBP ratio (extubation/rest) ≥1.3 and 4.75 ( p = 0.055) for cerebrovascular disorder, suggesting effects of these two items. With simultaneous input into a multivariate model, SBP ratio ≥1.3 had a significant independent association with postoperative SEH ( p = 0.021) and cerebrovascular disorder showed a tendency for this association ( p = 0.072). Conclusion: The risk for symptomatic epidural hematoma is significant in patients with SBP at extubation that is more than 1.3 times that of SBP at rest.
Molecular features of a large cohort of primary central nervous system lymphoma using tissue microarray
Authors: Villa Diego , Tan King L. , Steidl Christian , Ben-Neriah Susana , Al Moosawi Muntadhar , Shenkier Tamara N. , Connors Joseph M. , Sehn Laurie H. , Savage Kerry J. , Scott David W. , Gascoyne Randy D. , Slack Graham W. 
Published: December 2019

Key Points
PCNSL has a unique molecular profile distinct from that of systemic DLBCL. BCL6 rearrangements are associated with a poor prognosis in PCNSL.
Dietary antioxidant intake in school age and lung function development up to adolescence
Authors: Sdona Emmanouela , Hallberg Jenny , Andersson Niklas , Ekström Sandra , Rautiainen Susanne , Håkansson Niclas , Wolk Alicja , Kull Inger , Melén Erik , Bergström Anna 
Published: December 2019

Dietary antioxidant intake has been hypothesised to influence lung function. The association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet at age 8 years and lung function development up to 16 years in 2307 participants from the Swedish population-based birth cohort BAMSE (Children, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) was investigated.Information on TAC was obtained from a food frequency questionnaire at 8 years. Lung function was measured by spirometry at 8 and 16 years, impulse oscillometry (IOS) and exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) at 16 years. Low lung function was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) z-score below the 25th percentile. Longitudinal associations between TAC and lung function were analysed by mixed effect models adjusted for potential confounders. Stratification by asthma at 8 years was performed to examine effect modification.The median TAC intake was 10 067 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE)·g−1, with males having a lower mean compared to females (9963versus10 819 μmol TE·g−1). In analyses of lung function change between 8 and 16 years, there were no statistically significant associations between TAC in tertiles and spirometry results for the total study population. Among children with asthma at 8 years (prevalence 7%), higher TAC was associated with higher mean FEV1(0.46 sd, 95% CI 0.11–0.80) and decreased odds of low lung function at 16 years (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.12–0.65). There were no associations between TAC and forced vital capacity or IOS/FeNOresults.High dietary antioxidant intake in school age may be associated with improved lung function development from school age to adolescence among children with asthma.
Caution to Apply Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Method to Nondestructive Evaluation of Plastic Deformation in Some Ferromagnetic Materials
Authors: He Manru , Matsumoto Takanori , Uchimoto Tetsuya , Takagi Toshiyuki , Chen Hongen , Xie Shejuan , Chen Zhenmao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMagnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) method is known as an effective nondestructive evaluation (NDE) method for evaluation of residual stress in ferromagnetic materials. Some studies on the feasibility of the MBN method for NDE of residual strains were also conducted and found applicable. However, these studies are mainly focused on the state of residual strains which were introduced through a one-cycle-loading process. In practice, however, structures may suffer from an unpredictable and complicated loading history, i.e., the final state of plastic strain may be induced by several times of large loads. Whether the loading history has influences on MBN signals or not is of great importance for the practical application of the MBN method. In this paper, several ferromagnetic specimens with the same final state of residual strain but of different loading history were fabricated and inspected by using a MBN testing system. The experimental results reveal that the loading history has a significant influence on the detected MBN signals especially for a residual strain in range less than 1%, which doubts the feasibility to apply the MBN method simply in the practical environment. In addition, micro-observations on the magnetic domain structures of the plastic damaged specimens were also carried out to clarify the influence mechanism of loading history on the MBN signals.
The human oral cavity microbiota composition during acute tonsillitis: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Yeoh Yun Kit , Chan Man Hin , Chen Zigui , Lam Eddy W. H. , Wong Po Yee , Ngai Chi Man , Chan Paul K. S. , Hui Mamie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Microbial culture-based investigations of inflamed tonsil tissues have previously indicated enrichment of several microorganisms such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Prevotella. These taxa were also largely reflected in DNA sequencing studies performed using tissue material. In comparison, less is known about the response of the overall oral cavity microbiota to acute tonsillitis despite their role in human health and evidence showing that their compositions are correlated with diseases such as oral cancers. In addition, the influence of subject-specific circumstances including consumption of prescription antibiotics and smoking habits on the microbiology of acute tonsillitis is unknown.

Methods
We collected oral rinse samples from 43 individuals admitted into hospital for acute tonsillitis and 165 non-disease volunteers recruited from the public, and compared their microbial community compositions using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We assessed the impact of tonsillitis, whether subjects were prescribed antibiotics, the presence of oral abscesses and their smoking habits on community composition, and identified specific microbial taxa associated with tonsillitis and smoking.

Results
Oral rinse community composition was primarily associated with disease state (tonsillitis vs non-tonsillitis) although its effect was subtle, followed by smoking habit. Multiple Prevotella taxa were enriched in tonsillitis subjects compared to the non-tonsillitis cohort, whereas the non-tonsillitis cohort primarily showed associations with several Neisseria sequence variants. The presence of oral abscesses did not significantly influence community composition. Antibiotics were prescribed to a subset of individuals in the tonsillitis cohort but we did not observe differences in community composition associated with antibiotics consumption. In both tonsillitis and non-tonsillitis cohorts, smoking habit was associated with enrichment of several Fusobacterium variants.

Conclusions
These findings show that the oral cavity microbial community is altered during acute tonsillitis, with a consistent enrichment of Prevotella during tonsillitis raising the possibility of targeted interventions. It also supports the possible link between smoking, Fusobacteria and oral cancers.
Determinants of high residual post-PCV13 pneumococcal vaccine-type carriage in Blantyre, Malawi: a modelling study
Authors: Lourenço J. , Obolski U. , Swarthout T. D. , Gori A. , Bar-Zeev N. , Everett D. , Kamng’ona A. W. , Mwalukomo T. S. , Mataya A. A. , Mwansambo C. , Banda M. , Gupta S. , French N. , Heyderman R. S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
In November 2011, Malawi introduced the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) into the routine infant schedule. Four to 7 years after introduction (2015–2018), rolling prospective nasopharyngeal carriage surveys were performed in the city of Blantyre. Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotypes (VT) remained higher than reported in high-income countries, and impact was asymmetric across age groups.

Methods
A dynamic transmission model was fit to survey data using a Bayesian Markov-chain Monte Carlo approach, to obtain insights into the determinants of post-PCV13 age-specific VT carriage.

Results
Accumulation of naturally acquired immunity with age and age-specific transmission potential were both key to reproducing the observed data. VT carriage reduction peaked sequentially over time, earlier in younger and later in older age groups. Estimated vaccine efficacy (protection against carriage) was 66.87% (95% CI 50.49–82.26%), similar to previous estimates. Ten-year projected vaccine impact (VT carriage reduction) among 0–9 years old was lower than observed in other settings, at 76.23% (CI 95% 68.02–81.96%), with sensitivity analyses demonstrating this to be mainly driven by a high local force of infection.

Conclusions
There are both vaccine-related and host-related determinants of post-PCV13 pneumococcal VT transmission in Blantyre with vaccine impact determined by an age-specific, local force of infection. These findings are likely to be generalisable to other Sub-Saharan African countries in which PCV impact on carriage (and therefore herd protection) has been lower than desired, and have implications for the interpretation of post-PCV carriage studies and future vaccination programs.
Next-generation sequencing for BCR-ABL1 kinase domain mutation testing in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: a position paper
Authors: Soverini Simona , Abruzzese Elisabetta , Bocchia Monica , Bonifacio Massimiliano , Galimberti Sara , Gozzini Antonella , Iurlo Alessandra , Luciano Luigiana , Pregno Patrizia , Rosti Gianantonio , Saglio Giuseppe , Stagno Fabio , Tiribelli Mario , Vigneri Paolo , Barosi Giovanni , Breccia Massimo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBCR-ABL1 kinase domain (KD) mutation status is considered to be an important element of clinical decision algorithms for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients who do not achieve an optimal response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Conventional Sanger sequencing is the method currently recommended to test BCR-ABL1 KD mutations. However, Sanger sequencing has limited sensitivity and cannot always discriminate between polyclonal and compound mutations. The use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) is increasingly widespread in diagnostic laboratories and represents an attractive alternative. Currently available data on the clinical impact of NGS-based mutational testing in CML patients do not allow recommendations with a high grade of evidence to be prepared. This article reports the results of a group discussion among an ad hoc expert panel with the objective of producing recommendations on the appropriateness of clinical decisions about the indication for NGS, the performance characteristics of NGS platforms, and the therapeutic changes that could be applied based on the use of NGS in CML. Overall, these recommendations might be employed to inform clinicians about the practical use of NGS in CML.
The foot‐health of people with diabetes in regional and rural Australia: baseline results from an observational cohort study
Authors: Perrin Byron M. , Allen Penny , Gardner Marcus J. , Chappell Andrew , Phillips Bronwyn , Massey Claire , Skinner Isabelle , Skinner Timothy C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited Australian epidemiological research that reports on the foot‐health characteristics of people with diabetes, especially within rural and regional settings. The objective of this study was to explore the associations between demographic, socio‐economic and diabetes‐related variables with diabetes‐related foot morbidity in people residing in regional and rural Australia.MethodsAdults with diabetes were recruited from non‐metropolitan Australian publicly‐funded podiatry services. The primary variable of interest was the University of Texas diabetic foot risk classification designated to each participant at baseline. Independent risk factors for diabetes‐related foot morbidity were identified using multivariable analysis.ResultsEight‐hundred and ninety‐nine participants enrolled, 443 (49.3%) in Tasmania and 456 (50.7%) in Victoria. Mean age was 67 years (SD 12.7), 9.2% had type 1 diabetes, 506 (56.3%) were male, 498 (55.4%) had diabetes for longer than 10 years and 550 (61.2%) either did not know the ideal HbA1c target or reported that it was ≥7.0. A majority had peripheral neuropathy or worse foot morbidity (61.0%). Foot morbidity was associated with male sex (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.82–3.22), duration of diabetes > 20 years (OR 3.25, 95% CI 2.22–4.75), and Tasmanian residence (OR 3.38, 95% CI 2.35–4.86).ConclusionsA high proportion of the regional Australian clinical population with diabetes seen by the publicly‐funded podiatric services in this study were at high risk of future limb threatening foot morbidity, and participants residing in Northern Tasmania are more likely to have worse diabetes‐related foot morbidity than those from regional Victoria. Service models should be reviewed to ensure that diabetes‐related foot services are appropriately developed and resourced to deliver interdisciplinary evidence‐based care.