bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpersonal theory of suicide: prospective examination
Authors: Forkmann Thomas , Glaesmer Heide , Paashaus Laura , Rath Dajana , Schönfelder Antje , Stengler Katharina , Juckel Georg , Assion Hans-Jörg , Teismann Tobias 
Published: September 2020

Background
The interpersonal theory of suicide (IPTS) is one of the most intensively researched contemporary theories on the development of suicidal ideation and behaviour. However, there is a lack of carefully conducted prospective studies.

Aims
To evaluate the main predictions of the IPTS regarding the importance of perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness and capability for suicide in predicting future suicide attempts in a prospective design.

Method
Psychiatric in-patients (n = 308; 53.6% (n = 165) female; mean age 36.82 years, s.d. = 14.30, range 18–81) admitted for severe suicidal ideation (n = 145, 47.1%) or a suicide attempt completed self-report measures of thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, capability for suicide, hopelessness, depression and suicidal ideation as well as interviews on suicide intent and suicide attempts and were followed up for 12 months. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis were conducted.

Results
The interaction of perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness and capability for suicide was not predictive of future suicide attempts, but perceived burdensomeness showed a significant main effect (z = 3.49, P < 0.01; OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.59–3.58) and moderate performance in screening for future suicide attempts (area under the curve AUC = 0.729, P < 0.01).

Conclusions
The results challenge the theoretical validity of the IPTS and its clinical utility – at least within the methodological limitations of the current study. Yet, findings underscore the importance of perceived burdensomeness in understanding suicidal ideation and behaviour.
Prompt gamma imaging for the identification of regional proton range deviations due to anatomic change in a heterogeneous region
Authors: Xie Yunhe , Petzoldt Johannes , Janssens Guillaume , O'Grady Fionnbarr , Yin Lingshu , Bentefour El Hassane , Smeets Julien , Prieels Damien , Lustig Robert A , Lin Alexander , Teo Boon-Keng 
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Prompt gamma (PG) imaging has previously been demonstrated for use in proton range verification of a brain treatment with a homogeneous target region. In this study, the feasibility of PG imaging to detect anatomic change within a heterogeneous region is presented. Methods: A prompt gamma camera recorded several fractions of a patient treatment to the base of skull. An evaluation CT revealed a decrease in sinus cavity filling during the treatment course. Comparison of PG profiles between measurement and simulation was performed to investigate range variations between planned and measured pencil beam spot positions. Results: For one field, an average over range of 3 mm due to the anatomic change could be detected for a subset of spots traversing the sinus cavity region. The two other fields appeared less impacted by the change but predicted range variations could not be detected. These results were partially consistent with the simulations of the evaluation CT. Conclusion: We report the first clinical application of PG imaging that detected some of the expected small regional proton range deviations due to anatomic change in a heterogeneous region. However, several limitations exist with the technology that may limit its sensitivity to detect range deviations in heterogeneous regions. Advances in knowledge: We report on the first detection of range variations due to anatomic change in a heterogeneous region using PGI. The results confirm the feasibility of using PG-based range verification in highly heterogeneous target regions to identify deviations from the treatment plan.
FEATURES OF EXCITATION AND AZIMUTHAL AND MERIDIONAL PROPAGATION OF LONG-PERIOD Pi3 OSCILLATIONS OF THE GEOMAGNETIC FIELD ON DECEMBER 8, 2017
Authors: Moiseev Aleksey , Starodubtsev Sergei , Mishin Vladimir 
Published: September 2020

We study the Pi3 pulsations (with a period T=15–30 min) that were recorded on December 8, 2017 at ground stations in the midnight sector of the magnetosphere at the latitude range of DP2 current system convective electrojets. We have found that Pi3 are especially pronounced in the pre-midnight sector with amplitude of up to 300 nT and duration of up to 2.5 hrs. The pulsation amplitude rapidly decreased with decreasing latitude from F′=72° to F′=63°. The event was recorded during the steady magnetospheric convection. In the southward Bz component of the interplanetary magnetic field, irregular oscillations were detected in the Pi3 frequency range. They correspond to slow magnetosonic waves occurring without noticeable variations in the dynamic pressure Pd. Ground-based geomagnetic observations have shown azimuthal propagation of pulsations with a 0.6–10.6 km/s velocity east and west of the midnight meridian. An analysis of the dynamics of pulsations along the meridian has revealed their propagation to the equator at a velocity 0.75–7.87 km/s. In the projection onto the magnetosphere, the velocities are close in magnitude to the observed propagation velocities of substorm injected electrons. In the dawn-side magnetosphere during ground-observed Pi3 pulsations, compression mode oscillations were recorded.
We conclude that propagation of geomagnetic field oscillations in this event depends on the dynamics of particle injections under the action of a large-scale electric field of magnetospheric convection, which causes the plasma to move to Earth due to reconnection in the magnetotail. Small-scale oscillations in the magnetosphere were secondary, excited by the solar wind oscillations penetrating into the magnetosphere.
Features of excitation and azimuthal and meridional propagation of long-period Pi3 oscillations of the geomagnetic field on December 8, 2017
Authors: Moiseev Aleksey , Starodubtsev Sergei , Mishin Vladimir 
Published: September 2020

We study the Pi3 pulsations (with a period T=15–30 min) that were recorded on December 8, 2017 at ground stations in the midnight sector of the magnetosphere at the latitude range of DP2 current system convective electrojets. We have found that Pi3 are especially pronounced in the pre-midnight sector with amplitude of up to 300 nT and duration of up to 2.5 hrs. The pulsation amplitude rapidly decreased with decreasing latitude from F′=72° to F′=63°. The event was recorded during the steady magnetospheric convection. In the southward Bz component of the interplanetary magnetic field, irregular oscillations were detected in the Pi3 frequency range. They correspond to slow magnetosonic waves occurring without noticeable variations in the dynamic pressure Pd. Ground-based geomagnetic observations have shown azimuthal propagation of pulsations with a 0.6–10.6 km/s velocity east and west of the midnight meridian. An analysis of the dynamics of pulsations along the meridian has revealed their propagation to the equator at a velocity 0.75–7.87 km/s. In the projection onto the magnetosphere, the velocities are close in magnitude to the observed propagation velocities of substorm injected electrons. In the dawn-side magnetosphere during ground-observed Pi3 pulsations, compression mode oscillations were recorded.
We conclude that propagation of geomagnetic field oscillations in this event depends on the dynamics of particle injections under the action of a large-scale electric field of magnetospheric convection, which causes the plasma to move to Earth due to reconnection in the magnetotail. Small-scale oscillations in the magnetosphere were secondary, excited by the solar wind oscillations penetrating into the magnetosphere.
Population Change and International and Internal Migration in Italy, 2002-2017: Ravenstein Revisited
Authors: Benassi Federico , Bonifazi Corrado , Heins Frank , Licari Francesca , Tucci Enrico 
Published: September 2020

In 1885, Ravenstein formulated his “laws” of migration, based on the experience of the British Isles. In a further 1889 paper, he extended his analysis as a tour d’horizon of migration and population changes in other nations, including Italy. Even if social and economic processes including globalisation and rising mobility have changed the world since then, Ravenstein’s “laws” remain a point of reference today. Harnessing theoretical and methodological advances made since the 19th century, this paper describes and seeks to explain the role of international and internal migration in regional population change in Italy from 2002-2017. This paper provides the first geographically detailed migration analysis for the country’s 611 Local Labour Market Areas (LLMAs), using register-based migration and population data. Our contribution focuses on several of Ravenstein’s “laws” relating to gender (differences between men and women), natives and non-natives (differences between the Italian and the foreign population), distance migrated from origin to destination, and the role of the economy in shaping push and pull factors of migration. The results show that international migration is more prominent among men than women. In the case of internal moves, the rates of migration among men and women are similar, and internal migration is more prominent among the foreign than the native Italian population. Overall, international migration gains contribute substantially more to population change than internal migration gains and losses do. In Italy, the effects of persistent economic imbalances and of distance on migration patterns are not in line with Ravenstein’s hypotheses: not all areas with high unemployment show an effect of dispersion, nor does distance always act as a deterrent to migration. The geographically detailed analysis presented here illustrates the temporal and spatial coexistence of diverse international and internal migration processes depending on local characteristics, as well as the importance of the economic or administrative centres as the driving force behind national patterns. Our results show that, even 130 years after their formulation, Ravenstein’s migration “laws” (more accurately called “hypotheses” today) are still a valuable starting point in assessing and understanding migration processes and their role in regional population change.

* This article belongs to a special issue on “Internal Migration as a Driver of Regional Population Change in Europe: Updating Ravenstein”.
Dynamic Pricing (and Assortment) Under a Static Calendar
Authors: Ma Will , Simchi-Levi David , Zhao Jinglong 
Published: September 2020

This work is motivated by our collaboration with a large consumer packaged goods (CPG) company. We have found that whereas the company appreciates the advantages of dynamic pricing, they deem it operationally much easier to plan out a static price calendar in advance. We investigate the efficacy of static control policies for revenue management problems whose optimal solution is inherently dynamic. In these problems, a firm has limited inventory to sell over a finite time horizon, over which heterogeneous customers stochastically arrive. We consider both pricing and assortment controls, and derive simple static policies in the form of a price calendar or a planned sequence of assortments, respectively. In the assortment planning problem, we also differentiate between the static vs. dynamic substitution models of customer demand. We show that our policies are within 1-1/e (approximately 0.63) of the optimum under stationary demand, and 1/2 of the optimum under nonstationary demand, with both guarantees approaching 1 if the starting inventories are large. We adapt the technique of prophet inequalities from optimal stopping theory to pricing and assortment problems, and our results are relative to the linear programming relaxation. Under the special case of stationary demand single-item pricing, our results improve the understanding of irregular and discrete demand curves, by showing that a static calendar can be (1-1/e)-approximate if the prices are sorted high-to-low. Finally, we demonstrate on both data from the CPG company and synthetic data from the literature that our simple price and assortment calendars are effective. This paper was accepted by Hamid Nazerzadeh, big data analytics.
Can Brands Claim Ignorance? Unauthorized Subcontracting in Apparel Supply Chains
Authors: Caro Felipe , Lane Leonard , Sáez de Tejada Cuenca Anna 
Published: September 2020

Unauthorized subcontracting—when suppliers outsource part of their production to a third party without the retailer’s consent—has been common practice in the apparel industry and is often tied to noncompliant working conditions. Because retailers are unaware of the third party, the production process becomes obscure and cannot be tracked. In this paper, we present an empirical study of the factors that can lead suppliers to engage in unauthorized subcontracting. We use data provided by a global supply chain manager with more than 30,000 orders, of which 36% were subcontracted without authorization. We find that the frequency of unauthorized subcontracting across factories has a pronounced bimodal distribution. Moreover, the degree of unauthorized subcontracting in the past is highly related to the probability of engaging in unauthorized subcontracting in the future, which suggests that factories behave as if they choose a strategic level of unauthorized subcontracting. At the order level, we find that state dependence (i.e., the status of an order carrying over to the next one) and price pressure are the key drivers of unauthorized subcontracting. Buyer reputation and lead time also play a role. Finally, we show that unauthorized subcontracting can be predicted correctly for more than 80% of the orders in out-of-sample tests and for about 70% of suppliers. This indicates that retailers can use business analytics to predict unauthorized subcontracting and help prevent it.This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Influence of Moisture of Wheat on Acoustic Wave Propagation Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Chi , Dai Aini , Yang Haiying , Wu Zidan , Zhou Xiaoguang , Jayas Digvir S. 
Published: September 2020

HighlightsA novel measuring device was developed for the propagation constant of acoustic waves in grain.Increase in moisture of wheat from 1.1% to 7.8% (wet basis) decreased the wave velocity and increased the attenuation coefficient.Increase in moisture of wheat from 7.8% to 21.2% increased the wave velocity and decreased the attenuation coefficient.Using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard (JCA) model and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the influence of moisture on the pore structure in wheat was characterized.Abstract. Acoustic methods have been widely used for the measurement of grain moisture content and temperature as well as for detecting the presence of insects in grain. Therefore, this study was conducted to understand the influence of wheat moisture content on acoustic wave propagation characteristics. A novel device was developed for measuring the acoustic wave propagation constant. The propagation constants of 12 samples of wheat were measured, with each sample having a different moisture content in the range from 1.1% to 21.2% (wet basis). The results showed that the acoustic wave velocity decreased slightly with an increase in moisture from 1.1% to 7.8%, while the attenuation coefficient increased slightly. When the moisture increased from 7.8% to 21.2%, the velocity increased gradually, while the attenuation coefficient decreased. A quadratic equation described the results well. In addition, a Johnson-Champoux-Allard (JCA) model was adopted to study the influence of moisture on the pore structure of wheat samples. With the increase in moisture from 1.1% to 21.2%, the average radius of interconnection between two adjacent pores decreased from 0.275 to 0.262 mm at moisture below 7.8% and then increased to 0.304 mm, and the average radius of the pores decreased from 0.773 to 0.481 mm at moisture below 7.8% and then increased to 1.2 mm. Keywords: Acoustic standing wave tube, JCA model, Moisture content, Propagation constant, PSO algorithm, Wheat.
The efficiency of treatment with a combined chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine hydrochloride drug for knee and hip osteoarthritis: intermediate results of a Russian observational study
Authors: Lila A. M. , Alekseeva L. I. , Telyshev K. A. , Baranov A. A. , Trofimov E. A. 
Published: September 2020

Objective: to assess pain dynamics, daily functional activity of joints, quality of life, and treatment satisfaction in patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis (KOA and HOA), who long take a combined glucosamine (GA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) drug in routine clinical practice.Patients and methods: An interim analysis of data from an open multicenter prospective non-interventional study that is being conducted in the Russian Federation was carried out. The study included patients with Kellgren–Lawrence Stages I–III KOA or HOA, who were treated with a combined GA and CS drug (Theraflex®). The interim analysis was based on the data obtained at 16–24 weeks of treatment (Visit 2) in 542 patients (50% of the total sample).Results and discussion. A study group included patients with KOA (n=399) or HOA (n=143) from 43 centers in Russia. At visit 2, the KOA/HOA patients showed positive changes in all subscales of the Knee disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS/Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) questionnaires compared to the baseline level. The proportion of patients with a ≥20% increase in different subscale scores ranged from 42.6 to 67.4% for KOA and from 47.6 to 66.4% for HOA.Most (89.1%) patients took Theraflex® for ≥3 months. 76,1% of patients were satisfied with treatment efficiency. Adverse events (AEs) related to treatment were recorded in 16 (3.0%) patients and included mainly gastrointestinal tract disorders in 12 (2.2%) cases.Conclusion. The results obtained at 16–24 weeks of Theraflex® treatment are indicative of a decrease in the frequency and intensity of pain and other symptoms of OA, as well as increases in joint functional activity and quality of life in patients with KOA or HOA after the first cycle of therapy. The majority of the patients were satisfied with the treatment. The incidence of drug-related AEs was low, while their nature was consistent with information on the drug's side effects.
TRANSFORMASI HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM DI INDONESIA: Telaah Pemikiran Rifyal Ka’bah
Authors: Asmaret Desi , Koto Alaiddin , M Afrizal 
Published: September 2020

This research discusses about Rifyal Ka'bah’s idea on the transformation of Islamic family law to become the national law. This research focuses on how does Rifyal Ka’bah formulate the methods of the transformation of Islamic family law into national law? What is the influence of the idea of the transformation to the development of Islamic legal thought in Indonesia? This research is a type library research with qualitative descriptive analysis.This research argues that Rifyal Ka’bah believes that gradual transformation of Islamic family law to become National law is the best way to make Islamic family law going down to earth. This can be performed by the issuance of judge's decision with a fair and consistent attitude. From the perspective of theoretical Islamic law, it is very useful to use of ra'y and urf as sources of Islamic law after al-Qur’an, Hadis, and Ijma’ through the process of ijtihad jamā'i and tarjih. Rifyal Ka'bah has given significant influences to the emergence of various efforts of Islamic jurists in revising laws and regulations in accordance with the substance contained in Islamic law, jurisprudence guided by judges throughout Indonesia and changes in the mindset judges to apply the theory of diyāni and qaḍā 'i.Penelitian ini mengkaji pemikiran Rifyal Ka’bah dalam mentransformasikan hukum keluarga Islam menjadi hukum Nasional. Permasalahan utamanya: Bagaimana pemikiran dan sikap Rifyal tentang transformasi hukum keluarga Islam? Apakah metode penggalian hukum yang diterapkan Rifyal? Bagaimana posisi dan pengaruh pemikiran Rifyal dalam khazanah pemikiran hukum Islam di Indonesia? Penelitian bertujuan mewujudkan harmonisasi syari’at Islam dengan hukum Nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan penelitian: Pertama, Pemikiran dan sikap Rifyal Ka'bah tentang transformasi hukum keluarga di Indonesia adalah mengubah fikih munakahat menjadi hukum Nasional, yakni memasukkan substansinya berangsur-angsur melalui putusan hakim dengan sikap adil dan konsisten. Kedua, metode penggalian hukum Rifyal Ka'bah adalah pengembangan metodologi uṣul al-fiqh dengan menempatkan ra'yu dan urf sebagai sumber hukum Islam setelah Alquran, hadits dan Ijma’ melalui metode ijtihad jamā'i dan tarjih. Ketiga, Pemikiran Rifyal Ka'bah mempengaruhi berbagai upaya para ahli hukum Islam dalam merevisi hukum dan peraturan sesuai dengan substansi hukum Islam, yurisprudensi yang dipedomani oleh hakim seluruh Indonesia, dan perubahan mindset hakim untuk menerapkan teori diyāni dan qaḍā'i.
Volume decay and concentration of high-dimensional Euclidean balls – a PDE and variational perspective
Authors: Li Siran 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It is a well-known fact – which can be shown by elementary calculus – that the volume of the unit ball in

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

decays to zero and simultaneously gets concentrated on the thin shell near the boundary sphere as

n
↗
∞

{n\nearrow\infty}

.
Many rigorous proofs and heuristic arguments are provided for this fact from different viewpoints, including Euclidean geometry, convex geometry, Banach space theory, combinatorics, probability, discrete geometry, etc.
In this note, we give yet another two proofs via the regularity theory of elliptic partial differential equations and calculus of variations.
Investigating the relationship between linguistic focus of recasts, learning styles and noticing
Authors: Tadayonifar Mojtaba , Entezari Mahnaz , Bahraman Mostafa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The efficacy of Corrective Feedback (CF) is contingent on various factors; conflicting results have been obtained regarding the roles of individual differences and the linguistic focus of CF. The current study investigated the relationship between the linguistic focus of recasts (the most common CF type) and noticing. It further explored the possible relationship between learning styles and recast noticing. The learning styles of 25 intermediate Iranian EFL learners were determined through the VARK questionnaire. During the participants’ story retelling tasks, the researchers provided recasts in response to their grammatical, lexical, and phonological errors. The class presentations were audiotaped, and recasts were highlighted. Online and retrospective methods of measuring noticing were used. Chi-Square tests indicated that there were significant differences among the participants’ noticing in general and in noticing of grammatical, lexical, and phonological recasts in particular. The results of post hoc analysis revealed that the auditory-style participants received the highest noticing rate and the kinesthetic style the least. The study further indicated that learners whose learning style was auditory better noticed grammatical recasts, learners whose learning style was mixed better noticed lexical recasts, and visual learners better noticed phonological recasts.