bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel printed circularly polarized asymmetric wide slot antenna for digital cellular system
Authors: Singh Anil Kumar , Patil Shilpee , Kanaujia Binod Kumar , Pandey Vijay Kumar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new design of printed wide slot circularly polarized (CP) antenna for digital cellular system (DCS) is proposed in this communication and is simulated by using HFSS simulation software. The proposed antenna having inverted T shaped patch with a small notch and an asymmetric wide slot etched on the ground with a horizontal strip placed at the upper left corner for desired operating frequency. The right‐hand circular polarization (RHCP) in +z direction for desired frequency is achieved by a small notch cut in patch. The designed antenna fabricated on the layer of easily available dielectric (FR‐4) as a substrate. Proposed antenna shows an impedance bandwidth of 20.73% at 1.93 GHz of center frequency. The 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) for desired operating band is 6.84% at 1.9 GHz of center frequency. The peak gain and radiation efficiency are found as 3 dBi and 95%, respectively. The proposed antenna has a good radiation pattern and has an excellent agreement between simulated and experimental data.
Splitting method for an inverse source problem in parabolic differential equations: Error analysis and applications
Authors: Shekarpaz Simin , Azari Hossein 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this work, we present a numerical method based on a splitting algorithm to find the solution of an inverse source problem with the integral condition. The source term is reconstructed by using the specified data and by employing the Lie splitting method, we decompose the equation into linear and nonlinear parts. Each subproblem is solved by the Fourier transform and then by combining the solutions of subproblems, the solution of the original problem is computed. Moreover, the framework of strongly continuous semigroup (or C0‐semigroup) is employed in error analysis of operator splitting method for the inverse problem. The convergence of the proposed method is also investigated and proved. Finally, some numerical examples in one, two, and three‐dimensional spaces are provided to confirm the efficiency and capability of our work compared with some other well‐known methods.
Stratified exercise therapy compared with usual care by physical therapists in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial protocol (OCTOPuS study)
Authors: Knoop Jesper , Dekker Joost , van der Leeden Marike , de Rooij Mariëtte , Peter Wilfred F.H. , van Bodegom‐Vos Leti , van Dongen Johanna M. , Lopuhäa Nique , Bennell Kim L. , Lems Willem F. , van der Esch Martin , Vliet Vlieland Thea P.M. , Ostelo Raymond W.J.G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by its heterogeneity, with large differences in clinical characteristics between patients. Therefore, a stratified approach to exercise therapy, whereby patients are allocated to homogeneous subgroups and receive a stratified, subgroup‐specific intervention, can be expected to optimize current clinical effects. Recently, we developed and pilot tested a model of stratified exercise therapy based on clinically relevant subgroups of knee OA patients that we previously identified. Based on the promising results, it is timely to evaluate the (cost‐)effectiveness of stratified exercise therapy compared with usual, “nonstratified” exercise therapy.MethodsA pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial including economic and process evaluation, comparing stratified exercise therapy with usual care by physical therapists (PTs) in primary care, in a total of 408 patients with clinically diagnosed knee OA. Eligible physical therapy practices are randomized in a 1:2 ratio to provide the experimental (in 204 patients) or control intervention (in 204 patients), respectively. The experimental intervention is a model of stratified exercise therapy consisting of (a) a stratification algorithm that allocates patients to a “high muscle strength subgroup,” “low muscle strength subgroup,” or “obesity subgroup” and (b) subgroup‐specific, protocolized exercise therapy (with an additional dietary intervention from a dietician for the obesity subgroup only). The control intervention will be usual best practice by PTs (i.e., nonstratified exercise therapy). Our primary outcome measures are knee pain severity (Numeric Rating Scale) and physical functioning (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscale daily living). Measurements will be performed at baseline, 3‐month (primary endpoint), 6‐month (questionnaires only), and 12‐month follow‐up, with an additional cost questionnaire at 9 months. Intention‐to‐treat, multilevel, regression analysis comparing stratified versus usual care will be performed.ConclusionThis study will demonstrate whether stratified care provided by primary care PTs is effective and cost‐effective compared with usual best practice from PTs.
Sensitivity study of the planetary boundary layer and microphysical schemes to the initialization of convection over the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Schwitalla Thomas , Branch Oliver , Wulfmeyer Volker 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, we present a five‐member Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) physics ensemble over the Arabian Peninsula on the convection‐permitting (CP) scale and investigate the ability to simulate convection and precipitation by varying the applied cloud microphysics and planetary boundary layer (PBL) parametrizations. The study covers a typical precipitation event ocurring during summertime over the eastern part of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Our results show that the best results are obtained by using water‐ and ice‐friendly aerosols combined with aerosol‐aware Thompson cloud microphysics and the Mellor‐Yamada‐Nakanishi‐Niino (MYNN) PBL parametrization. The diurnal cycle of 2‐m temperature over the desert is well captured by all members, although a cold bias is present during the morning and evening transition. All members are capable of simulating the correct timing of the onset of convection. Simulations with the MYNN PBL and Thompson scheme produce the highest convective available potential energy (CAPE) and convective inhibition (CIN), associated with stronger mixing inside the PBL, leading to the formation of more dense liquid water clouds. The WDM6 microphysics scheme is not a suitable option, as there are hardly any liquid water clouds; mainly ice clouds are simulated. Precipitation is best captured by applying the MYNN and Thomspon scheme. Although the ensemble size is relatively small, this allows for the provision of cloud probability maps suitable for cloud‐seeding applications.
Locating and understanding the largest gender differences in pathways to science degrees
Authors: Witherspoon Eben B. , Schunn Christian D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhile gender parity has been achieved in overall science degree earning, large gaps still exist within many science disciplines. Further, studies addressing gender inequity in science often ignore a large source of undergraduate science degree earners: those who enroll in science courses intending to pursue careers in health or medicine. This study examines pathways toward or away from science degrees in N = 4,345 men and women enrolled in early science courses at a large undergraduate research university. Importantly, to understand shifts in students' academic intentions and how pathways to science may be differential by gender, this study analyzed students' incoming major and career intentions, estimates of incoming academic abilities, and relative performance in science and various non‐science courses. Results show that while men and women initially intending to pursue a science major graduate with science degrees in equal numbers, the plurality of science degree earners are students entering college intending health or medical careers. Further, from those subgroups, a significantly larger proportion of men end up in science, while a significantly larger proportion of women end up outside of STEM completely. Understanding disciplinary differences in gender barriers to science participation can help inform interventions that specifically target those populations.
Effects of characteristic parameters of isolation system on seismic response of isolated nuclear power plants
Authors: Xu Liuyun , Zhao Jinyi , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: November 2019

SummarySeismic isolation is increasingly being used in both traditional and industrial structures for its ability to reduce structural responses while effectively protecting systems and components, such as machinery. After applying isolation, the standardize design can be achieved during seismic design of nuclear power plant. However, the seismic response of nuclear structure with different isolation characteristic parameters under different ground motions has not been fully studied. In this paper, a new generation passive nuclear power plant model was simulated with finite element method. The acceleration response, deformation, seismic mitigation efficiency, and response discreteness of nuclear structures with different isolation characteristic parameters were analyzed. The effect degree of isolation characteristic parameters on seismic response of nuclear structures was investigated. Performance spaces are introduced as an alternate method for evaluating responses of nuclear structures. The results show that isolation systems largely reduce both the mean value and discreteness of seismic response of nuclear structures.
VISTA expression is associated with a favorable prognosis in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Zong Liju , Zhou Yuncan , Zhang Ming , Chen Jie , Xiang Yang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBlockading programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) shows promising results in patients with some cancers, but not in those with ovarian cancer. V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is a recently discovered immune checkpoint protein that suppresses T cell activation. This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of VISTA in ovarian cancer as well as its relationship with PD-L1. VISTA and PD-L1 levels in 146 ovarian cancer samples were assessed using immunohistochemistry. We investigated the association between VISTA and other clinicopathological variables, including survival. The associations between the VISTA-encoding C10orf54 gene, other immune checkpoints, and survival were analyzed. VISTA was detected in 51.4% of all samples and 46.6% of PD-L1-negative samples; it was expressed in 28.8%, 35.6%, and 4.1% of tumor cells (TCs), immune cells (ICs), and endothelial cells, respectively. Furthermore, VISTA expression was associated with pathologic type and PD-L1 expression. Moreover, VISTA expression in TCs, but not in ICs, was associated with prolonged progression-free and overall survival in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer. The expression of C10orf54 mRNA was associated with prolonged overall survival and immune escape-modulating genes. These results showed that VISTA expression in ovarian tumor cells was associated with a favorable prognosis in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer; however, additional studies are required to better understand the expression and role of VISTA in ovarian cancer.
Prospective comparison of indwelling cannulas drain and needle aspiration for symptomatic seroma after mastectomy in breast cancer patients
Authors: Wu Xiufeng , Luo Yiping , Zeng Yi , Peng Wei , Zhong Zhaoming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsPostoperative seroma is the most frequent sequelae after mastectomy and axillary surgery with no optimal regimens for seroma resolution recommended in routine clinical. Indwelling cannulas with needle and catheter have been widely used in long-term medication therapies, but evidence of indwelling cannulas in seroma management after mastectomy is lacking. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of indwelling cannulas in seroma management after mastectomy.MethodsPatients who underwent modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and developed symptomatic seroma after removal of the drains between August 2017 and December 2018, were randomized into two groups either indwelling cannulas drain of seroma (Group A) or needle aspiration of seroma (Group B). We prospectively compared the number of visits for seroma, the time from removal of the drain to the final seroma resolution and the cost between the methods.ResultsA total of 860 patients underwent MRM between August 2017 and December 2018, among which 86 patients who developed symptomatic seroma after removal of the drains, were randomized into two groups either Group A or Group B. The number of visits for seroma in Group A was 2.35 ± 0.69 times, which was less than those in Group B (4.86 ± 1.06 times). Similarly, the time of drain removal to final seroma resolution in Group A was 4.65 ± 0.78 days, which was shorter than 7.09 ± 1.54 in Group B. In Group A, the total mean cost per patient (25.81 ± 7.71 RMB) was less than the total mean cost per patient (49.30 ± 9.85 RMB) in Group B. Cost savings were noted with using indwelling cannulas in seroma management.ConclusionIt is feasible to drain indwelling cannulas drain for postmastectomy seroma, with less visits for patients, rapid seroma resolution and less cost. Indwelling cannulas can be an efficient, cost effective solution to treat symptomatic seroma after breast surgery.
Optimierung einer sensorlos betriebenen Synchron-Reluktanz-Maschine hinsichtlich des Wirkungsgrades
Authors: Nikowitz Mario , Hofer Matthias , Schrödl Manfred 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungIn dieser Arbeit wird der sensorlose Betrieb einer Synchron-Reluktanz-Maschine bezüglich einer effizienten Betriebsweise optimiert. Der sensorlose Betrieb des Motors wird je nach Drehzahl in einen unteren und in einen oberen Drehzahl-Bereich aufgeteilt. Für niedrige Drehzahlen kommt das INFORM-Verfahren zum Einsatz, dessen Grundidee auf Ausnutzung der magnetischen Anisotropie des Rotors beruht. Durch eine sinnvolle Wahl der Rotorgeometrie kann erheblich Einfluss auf die sensorlosen Eigenschaften und somit auf den bestmöglich erzielbaren Wirkungsgrad genommen werden. Für die höheren Drehzahlen wird der Einsatz des „elektromotorische Kraft“-Modells (kurz EMK-Modells) dem Betrieb mit dem Kurzschluss-Modell gegenübergestellt. Auch hier kann durch die Wahl des geeigneten sensorlosen Verfahrens der Wirkungsgrad des Antriebs erheblich verbessert werden. Schlussendlich werden die in dieser Arbeit erörterten optimalen Betriebsweisen messtechnisch verifiziert.
Hepatoprotective effect of meal replacement seeds juice based on sweet potato (MRSJ) against CCl4-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells
Authors: Park Hye-Jung , Lee Song Min , Kim Hee Sook , Kim Ji-Youn , Lee Sang-Hyeon , Jang Jeong Su , Lee Mun Hyon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA sweet potato-based Meal Replacement Seeds Juice (MRSJ) was developed by mixing sweet potatoes and carrots with four types of seeds. Consuming the MRSJ rather than the whole vegetables or whole seeds improved digestive function, proving that it is suitable for the elderly. Its rich composition of minerals, vitamins, and unsaturated fatty acids implicates it as an excellent nutrient source. Notably, the ethyl acetate fraction of MRSJ contains abundant phenolics. The antioxidant activity assays showed that these phenolics have high radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and antioxidant capacity similar tol-ascorbic acid. The ethyl acetate fraction exerted protective effects against CCl4- or H2O2-induced hepatotoxicity via DNA protection, lipid accumulation inhibition, and cell protection, wherein ALT and AST activities in the cell culture solution decreased significantly. These findings suggest that MRSJ consumption may protect against liver diseases. Moreover, MRSJ as an excellent nutrient source may be developed as an age-neutral food.
Patient adherence to rivaroxaban in deep vein thrombosis, a cohort study in Switzerland: quantitative results
Authors: Dotta-Celio Jennifer , Alatri Adriano , Locatelli Isabella , Salvi Monique , Bugnon Olivier , Schneider Marie-Paule , Mazzolai Lucia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have the advantage of being administered orally at a fixed dose without laboratory monitoring, in contrast to the frequent international normalized ratio measurements used to adjust for vitamin K antagonists dosing. Rivaroxaban, has a short half-life. The anticoagulation effect rapidly decreases if medication adherence is suboptimal.ObjectiveThe purpose of this quantitative study (called RIVA) is to longitudinally describe adherence to rivaroxaban (implementation and persistence) in patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT).SettingThe community pharmacy of the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Switzerland in collaboration with the angiology division of the Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV).MethodsThis is an observational study. Patients received rivaroxaban for 3 or 6 months: 15 mg twice a day during the first 3 weeks and then 20 mg once a day until the end of the treatment. Adherence was measured using electronic monitoring. Implementation and adherence were modelled using a generalized estimating equation model. Persistence was represented using a Kaplan–Meier survival curve.Main outcome measureMedication adherence (implementation and persistence).ResultsThirty-one consecutive patients were included (68% male, mean age: 47 years old). The collected adherence data consisted of 57 inter-visit phases, 2899 electronic monitoring openings and a median follow-up of 92 days (IQR: 87; 100). Implementation to rivaroxaban was initially high [96.3 (92.8; 98.1)] but decreased during the first 3 weeks, until it reached 89.3 (76.0; 95.6). After the switch from twice a day 15 mg to a once a day 20 mg regimen, implementation increased again and remained stable [95.4 (92.2; 97.3)] for 90 days. Four patients who experienced adverse events discontinued the treatment before the end of the study and were considered non-persistent (clinically appropriate discontinuation).ConclusionAdherence to rivaroxaban in deep vein trombosis is high in persistent patients. Discontinuation is related to rivaroxaban adverse effects/toxicity. Implementation should be reinforced during the twice a day-phase, and this first 3-week experience should help patients and healthcare professionals choose the best timing for the once a day phase.
Numerical simulation of trans-critical flows in open channels using a FVM scheme
Authors: Ghezelsofloo Abbas Ali 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe present study makes efforts to simulate the behavior of fully developed stationary shocks, caused by the incidence of supercritical flow with a cross-barrier in an open channel. The numerical solution of nonlinear governing shallow flow equations has been implemented by the application of a second-order Roe TVD scheme. The obtained results from numerical experiment are compared with some measured in a laboratory setup. It can be deduced by comparison of the flow depths in numerical and measured experiments in three different cases of cross-barrier width of 6, 12 and 16 cm that the numerical scheme of Roe is a robust and capable method for simulation of complicated stationary shocks in shallow water flow.
Are Canadian professors teaching the skills and knowledge students need to prevent plagiarism?
Authors: Peters Martine , Cadieux Alain 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMax 150 words. If possible, please submit your abstract in both English and French.When writing an assignment, most students start by searching for information online, which they integrate in their writing and conclude by producing a bibliography for the sources used. They use their informational, writing and referencing skills to do this as well as refer to their plagiarism knowledge to make sure their text is exempt from plagiarism. In this paper, we examined which skills and knowledge students feel the need to further develop in university to prevent plagiarism in their assignments. Professors were also questioned as to their perceptions of their students’ skills development during their pre-university studies. Questionnaires were administered in six Quebec Universities to students (n = 1170) and professors (n = 279). Results show that students feel the need for more training while professors expect students to have already mastered the skills and knowledge to prevent plagiarism. Recommendations are made on how to implement better training for students through a program approach.Lors de la rédaction d’un devoir, la plupart des étudiants universitaires commencent par chercher des informations en ligne, qu’ils intègrent dans leur rédaction et terminent en produisant une bibliographie des sources utilisées. Ils utilisent leurs compétences informationnelles, rédactionnelles, et de référencement documentaire et se réfèrent à leurs connaissances en matière de plagiat pour s’assurer que leur texte en soit exempt. Dans cet article, nous avons examiné les compétences et les connaissances que les étudiants ressentent le besoin de développer davantage à l’université pour prévenir le plagiat dans leurs travaux. Les professeurs ont également été interrogés sur leur perception du développement des compétences de leurs étudiants durant leurs études pré-universitaires. Des questionnaires ont été administrés dans six universités québécoises à des étudiants (n = 1170) et à des professeurs (n = 279). Les résultats montrent que les étudiants ressentent le besoin d’une formation plus poussée alors que les professeurs s’attendent à ce que les étudiants maîtrisent déjà les compétences et les connaissances nécessaires pour prévenir le plagiat. Des recommandations sont formulées sur la façon de mettre en œuvre une meilleure formation pour les étudiants par le biais d’une approche-programme.
Exploring the efficacy of housing alternatives for adults with an acquired brain or spinal injury: A systematic review
Authors: Wright Courtney J. , Colley Jacinta , Kendall Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjective:Housing for people with acquired brain injury (ABI) or spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a significant issue in Australia and internationally. This review examined the current research evidence regarding the efficacy of housing alternatives for adults with ABI or SCI in relation to four principal outcomes of interest: the person’s (1) community integration/participation, (2) independence, (3) psychosocial well-being and (4) quality of life. The review also sought to identify how the reported efficacy of the housing alternatives might be impacted by individual factors.Method:For this systematic review, quantitative empirical, peer-reviewed research published after 1 January 2003 was sought. Ten journal articles met the eligibility criteria. None of the included studies comprised an adult SCI sample.Results:The research identified lower levels of community integration/participation, independence, psychosocial well-being and quality of life for adults (particularly younger adults) with ABI living in ‘structured settings’ (i.e., residential care) compared to those living in ‘home-like’ environments (i.e., private homes) and ‘disability-specific’ settings (i.e., shared supported accommodation, group homes, foster care homes, cluster units).Conclusion:More research is needed to compare ‘home-like’ and ‘disability-specific’ settings, and individual housing models more generally (i.e., living at home with friends vs with family vs living in shared supported accommodation vs living in residential care). This review identified a number of limitations in the current evidence base and several important directions for future research. Policymakers, architects, designers, builders, developers, funding agencies, international researchers as well as people with ABI or SCI and their families may benefit from the findings of this review.