bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of secondary nanofiller on mechanical properties and formulation optimization of HDPE/nanoclay/nanoCaCO3 hybrid nanocomposites using response surface methodology
Authors: Alavitabari Seyedemad , Mohamadi Mahboube , Javadi Azizeh , Garmabi Hamid 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMechanical properties were evaluated in high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) containing plate‐like nanoclay (NC) and particulate nano calcium carbonate (nCaCO3). A two‐step melt mixing method was utilized to prepare nanocomposites withNC/nCaCO3 hybrid content varying from 7 to 15 wt%. Optimization of the morphological, rheological and mechanical characteristics was carried out via Response Surface Methodology by considering nanofiller loadings and compatibilizer (PE‐g‐MA) content as independent variables. The findings revealed that a nanocomposite composed of 9 wt% PE‐g‐MA, 3.5 wt%NC, and 10 wt%nCaCO3 was optimal. This composition exhibited 50% enhancement in Young's modulus and 8% improvement in yield strength over neat HDPE. Despite the reduced impact strength in all of the prepared nanocomposites, the incorporation ofnCaCO3 prevented a sudden decrease in the toughness caused by the nanoclay. Further, the fracture behavior observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images suggested that nCaCO3 activated new toughening mechanisms.
Aerodynamic characterization of barge and spar type floating offshore wind turbines at different sea states
Authors: Kopperstad Karsten M. , Kumar Rajan , Shoele Kourosh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe wake dynamics behind a compliant floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) with two alternative supporting platforms of spar buoy and barge platform are studied numerically. The computational model is based on the large eddy simulation and the use of the actuator disk model of the FOWT rotor in which the circular actuator disk is discretized with an unstructured two‐dimensional triangular mesh in a structured three‐dimensional Cartesian grid of the fluid domain. The wake dynamics and platform motions are calculated for laminar and turbulent inflow conditions. The flow solver is verified through a series of experimental wake measurements done behind a porous disk model and is also cross‐validated against previously published results. The dynamics of the floating spar and barge structures are calculated from wave–structure interaction for three distinctive sea states. The time history of power extraction and wind force for the floating offshore wind turbine are recorded and compared against a fixed horizontal axis wind turbine. The motion of the barge platform is found to induce low‐frequency modulation of the wake, whereas the spar buoy primarily displays similar wake dynamics to the fixed turbine. It is discussed how a single turbine utilizing the spar concept can be more energy efficient under the wave‐induced motion. Moreover, for both laminar and turbulent inflow conditions, due to the large axial oscillation experienced by the barge concept, the turbine wake recovers more rapidly. This suggests that for a tighter spacing of the turbines in a farm, the barge platform concept can be leveraged to obtain higher energy‐capturing efficiency over a fixed area.
Disinfection and antimicrobial processes
Authors: Elnakar Haitham 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis is a review of some of the literature published in 2019 related to disinfection and antimicrobial processes. This review includes the following main sections: drinking water disinfection, wastewater disinfection, and antimicrobial resistance.Practitioner points

Emerging technologies to disinfect viruses in drinking water treatment plants are growing.

Developing processes to adequately treat bypass wastewater exceeding the plant’s capacity is crucial.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a major challenge leading to being classified as emerging pollutants.
Investigating the dynamics of volatile sulfur compound emission from primary systems at a water resource recovery facility
Authors: Bazemo Ulrich , Gardner Elena , Romero Adrian , Hauduc Helene , Al‐Omari Ahmed , Takacs Imre , Murthy Sudhir , Torrents Alba , De Clippeleir Haydée 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study quantifies volatile sulfur compound (VSC) emissions from primary settling tanks and investigates their mechanisms of generation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (MM) concentrations in the off‐gas were dominant among the VSCs analyzed, while dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were under their odor threshold for most sampling dates. H2S emission in primary settling tanks was mainly the result of the stripping of dissolved sulfide (64%) generated in the sewers. Results indicate that MM emission was more dependent on the conditions in the primary clarifiers (only 16% stripping). Prevention of odor emission in primary settling tanks can be achieved by managing biofilms and microbial reactions in the sewer network. Controlling the biomass seeding and fermentation product availability in the primary settling tanks is essential to significantly minimize the kinetics of H2S and MM generation. Overall, the management of sludge blanket heights and thus avoiding time at low oxidation–reduction potential minimized odor emission independent of sewer conditions.Practitioner points

H2S emission from primary clarifiers mainly originated from the stripping of the dissolved sulfide formed in the sewers.

MM emission contributed for 89% to overall odor emitted from primary clarifiers.

Seeding of active biomass from the sewer into the primary clarifiers was be the main driver for both MM and H2S formation.

Increased availability of fermentation products or fermenters increased MM production.
Model-Based Testing for MQTT Applications
Authors: Tanabe Kotaro , Tanabe Yoshinori , Hagiya Masami 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Model-based testing is a widely-used vital technique for testing software running in a complex environment. In this paper, we propose extensions to existing model-based tools to apply this technique to software that employs the MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol for transmitting messages, commonly used in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. First, in the finite state machine used for generating test cases in a model-based testing framework, we introduce a type of transition that is triggered when receiving MQTT messages. Second, we extend the finite-state machine so that it produces test cases that reflect the characteristics of IoT software – a large number of relatively simple devices communicate with servers. Third, the concept of time is introduced into the finite state machine. Naturally, this is necessary for verifying the properties of software that runs for a long time. Moreover, to facilitate such verification, both real-time and virtual time are introduced. We implemented these extensions into a model-based testing tool, Modbat, and conducted a small experiment to confirm the feasibility, gaining positive results.
The Sexualization of Menstruation: On Rape, Tampons, and ‘Prostitutes’
Authors: Bobier Lacey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study contradicts extant research asserting that girls rarely connect menstruation with sexuality. Through interviews with post-menarcheal girls, Bobier demonstrates that they relate sexuality with menses, fluidly transitioning between subjects of menstruation and sex. Girls talk about tampons and Trojans in the same breath, discuss “waiting until you’re ready” to describe tampon usage, express a fear of “down there,” and consider “provocative girls” as their opposites. They associate birth control pills with “prostitutes” and express broad apprehension about sexual activity. These attitudes, coupled with their rejection of the pill and tampons, reveal girls’ sensitivity to the taboo surrounding female sexuality and demonstrate their desire to be “good girls.” At the same time, they are aware that they exist within a set of gender and power relations that limit their ability to define their bodies and their sexuality. This is underscored by concerns about rape and resulting pregnancy as an implication of menarche.
If Men Could Menstruate
Authors: Steinem Gloria 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this satirical piece, Gloria Steinem scrutinizes the sexist social constructions dominant Western attitudes towards menstruation by imagining a world in which men, not women, are menstruators. Through Steinem’s critical lens, we can see clearly how we we “do” menstruation today—41 years after she originally penned the short essay for Ms. magazine.
Menstrual Shame: Exploring the Role of ‘Menstrual Moaning’
Authors: McHugh Maureen C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMcHugh introduces the term ‘menstrual moaning,’ to refer to women’s negative communication about menstruation. Women’s talk about menstruation is often negative through its focus on pain, discomfort, and moodiness. McHugh ties menstrual moaning to the stigma associated with menstruation. Cultural attitudes that require girls and women to maintain secrecy and silence regarding menstruation contribute to the experience of menstrual shame. Breaking the taboos against menstrual talk may be a form of resistance. Brown argues that breaking the silence and secrecy taboo may help women to develop shame resilience. However, McHugh suggests that menstrual moaning, by reiterating negative cultural constructions of women’s bodies as flawed, deficient, and diseased, may have a deleterious impact on women’s menstrual attitudes, and perpetuate menstrual shame. Womencoulddevelop shame resistance and build community through more positive talk about menstruation, but positive menstrual conversations are rarely documented. McHugh recommends further research and activism on menstrual shame, resistance, and resilience.
Researcher’s Reflection: Learning About Menstruation Across Time and Culture
Authors: Mendlinger Sheryl E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Mendlinger looks at the ethnically pluralistic society of Israel to explore how young women acquire the knowledge informing their health behaviors including those related to menstruation. Beginning with the origin story of her research agenda at a time of mass immigration to Israel, she then offers the main findings from 48 in-depth interviews with mothers and daughters that fall into several categories of mother-and-daughter dyads: native-born Israelis and those composed of immigrants from North Africa, Europe, the Former Soviet Union (FSU), United States or Canada, and Ethiopia, each bringing traditional knowledge and practices to bear on what it means to menstruate. Mendlinger’s work, anchored by the voices of women, vividly demonstrates that four types of knowledge: traditional, embodied, technical, and authoritative that are passed generationally from mother to daughter change through the immigration process.
Practice Note: Menstrual Health Management in Humanitarian Settings
Authors: Tellier Marianne , Farley Alex , Jahangir Andisheh , Nakalema Shamirah , Nalunga Diana , Tellier Siri 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tellier et al. take stock of menstrual health management in humanitarian settings, seeking to shed light on the goals, key components, and coordination efforts to address menstruation needs under duress. The authors are volunteers or staff with WoMena, an NGO that works to improve menstrual health and management in Uganda. Based on this experience and focusing on Uganda and Nepal, this practice note probes how the issue is approached in different contexts and at different stages—comparing urgent response after a sudden onset disaster (for example, earthquakes) to protracted crises (for example, long-term refugee settings). The authors discuss how interventions can be made sustainable beyond the short-term ‘kit culture’ response; they highlight experiences with more developmental approaches involving policy support, community participation, capacity building, and the use of products that are economically and environmentally sustainable.
Interventions to Improve Menstrual Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Do We Know What Works?
Authors: Hennegan Julie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWithin the context of growing recognition of the importance of menstruation in women’s lives and the resulting expansion of interventions to address menstrual needs, Hennegan takes a step back to look beneath the enthusiasm and best intentions and explore whether these interventions are actually effective. She finds that most efforts are untested, and that there is limited evidence to inform effective practice. She then provides a critical analysis of the evidence for menstrual health interventions in low- and middle-income countries, and concludes with a discussion of the approaches that have been trialed to date, their findings, key gaps, and pathways forward.
Toxic Shock Syndrome and Tampons: The Birth of a Movement and a Research ‘Vagenda’
Authors: Reame Nancy King 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Reame reflects on her role as an early researcher on tampon safety and assesses the climate of vigilance today, demonstrating that 30 years after the discovery of the link between tampons and toxic shock syndrome, efforts to improve tampon safety protections have languished. In drawing on her past research, Reame shows how critical it is to innovate research methods and materials and to ensure that federal standards for tampon absorbency ranges and nomenclature, as well as testing procedures for tampon safety, don’t lose ground. Reame draws attention to the fact that tampon producers continue to introduce various product innovations with little government oversight for testing standards or ingredient disclosure. She concludes by offering suggestions for crucial ways in which activists in the ‘second menstrual moment’ can partner with the federal research enterprise to improve the research ‘vagenda’ in menstrual health.
Practice Note: ‘If Only All Women Menstruated Exactly Two Weeks Ago’: Interdisciplinary Challenges and Experiences of Capturing Hormonal Variation Across the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Houghton Lauren C. , Elhadad Noémie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Houghton and Elhadad offer a new and needed perspective on approaches for measuring the menstrual cycle and identifying underlying hormonal profiles that can help determine risk factors for chronic diseases such as breast cancer and endometriosis. The authors discuss methods that have been applied historically and how those have shown vast variation in menstrual cycle characteristics around the globe. They then review and explore how innovation in technologies can be used to detect and disseminate new menstrual cycle knowledge. Additionally, the authors show how interdisciplinary efforts across anthropology, public health, and data science can leverage the advances in mobile menstrual tracking and hormone measurement to better characterize the menstrual cycle at the population level. This analysis concludes with a breakdown of how personalized menstrual norms and predictions can help individuals to be better stewards of their own menstrual health.
Not a “Real” Period?: Social and Material Constructions of Menstruation
Authors: Hasson Katie Ann 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHasson provides an examination of menstrual suppression technologies and the implications they have on understanding menstruation as both quintessentially natural and socially constructed, and even what ‘counts’ as menstruation. Taking the case of birth control pills, Hasson studies menstrual suppression by analyzing medical journal articles, FDA advisory committee transcripts, and website marketing. Across these contexts, she finds that new definitions of ‘menstruation’ converge on the distinction between bleeding that occurs when women are taking hormonal birth control and when they are not. Finally, Hasson draws attention to the concept of redefining a biological process that is deeply significant for gendered embodiment, as well as a challenge to consider both the social and material construction of gendered bodies.
Menstruation Mediated: Monstrous Emergences of Menstruation and Menstruators on YouTube
Authors: Andreasen Lise Ulrik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe chapter engages with feminist theories of the monstrous, performativity, and new materialism to examine how menstruation is negotiated and performed by young menstruators in the context of YouTube videos. It further asks what menstruation and menstruators can be(come) in the intersection of mediation and multiple cultural, material, affective, and discursive agents at play. By examining two YouTube videos that address menstruation, Andreasen explores how menstruation is entangled with “the monstrous” and how this relation makes new emergences of menstruation and menstruators possible. With the reservation of racial, bodily, and social privileges in mind, the chapter concludes with a proposal for a feminist affirmative critique, where the videos can be read as imaginative work and as possibilities for menstrual change for some.
Rituals, Taboos, and Seclusion: Life Stories of Women Navigating Culture and Pushing for Change in Nepal
Authors: Rothchild Jennifer , Piya Priti Shrestha 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Drawing from life history narratives of 84 women in Nepal, we examine women’s particular lived experiences of cultural rituals, traditions, and taboos surrounding menstruation, as well as the practice of seclusion, which in it extreme form, sequesters menstruating women into menstrual huts (chaupadi). Grounding our analysis in the specific sociocultural context of Nepali women themselves reveals important dynamics about gender formation, the perpetuation of power, relationships with one’s own body, and resistance to gendered constructions. These findings can then inform effective policies and programs to create awareness and change people’s understandings of and practices surrounding menstruation not only in the context of Nepal, but elsewhere as well.
From Home to School: Menstrual Education Films of the 1950s
Authors: Ghanoui Saniya Lee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this essay, Ghanoui examines two menstrual education films of the 1950s widely used in the United States:Molly Grows Up(1953) andAs Boys Grow(1957). Ghanoui discusses how the films portrayed the menstrual cycle and how educational literature received the films. She argues that the films became popular because they eased the teaching responsibilities of school instructors without taking away their authority—the films supplemented traditional menstrual education in schools while teachers maintained jurisdiction in their classrooms.
Degendering Menstruation: Making Trans Menstruators Matter
Authors: Rydström Klara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRydström works within a post-constructionist framework to critically explore the nature of menstruation, which many perceive to be a strictly female bodily function despite many scholars’ recognition that menstruators are of various gender identities. In challenging menstruation as a cisnormative phenomenon, the author explores various menstrual experiences among trans people and argues that cis and trans menstruators come to matter differently. More specifically, menstrual activism, public bathrooms, menstrual products, and the healthcare sector are problematized as areas wherein trans menstruators are Othered. Finally, Rydström calls for a recognition of the multiplicity of menstrual experiences as they exist and a degendering of menstruation as phenomena.
Probing the relaxed relaxion at the luminosity and precision frontiers
Authors: Banerjee Abhishek , Kim Hyungjin , Matsedonskyi Oleksii , Perez Gilad , Safronova Marianna S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Cosmological relaxation of the electroweak scale is an attractive scenario addressing the gauge hierarchy problem. Its main actor, the relaxion, is a light spin-zero field which dynamically relaxes the Higgs mass with respect to its natural large value. We show that the relaxion is generically stabilized at a special position in the field space, which leads to suppression of its mass and potentially unnatural values for the model’s effective low-energy couplings. In particular, we find that the relaxion mixing with the Higgs can be several orders of magnitude above its naive naturalness bound. Low energy observers may thus find the relaxion theory being fine-tuned although the relaxion scenario itself is constructed in a technically natural way. More generally, we identify the lower and upper bounds on the mixing angle. We examine the experimental implications of the above observations at the luminosity and precision frontiers. A particular attention is given to the impressive ability of future nuclear clocks to search for rapidly oscillating scalar ultra-light dark matter, where the future projected sensitivity is presented.
FZZT branes and non-singlets of matrix quantum mechanics
Authors: Betzios Panagiotis , Papadoulaki Olga 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We explore the non-singlet sector of matrix quantum mechanics dual to c = 1 Liouville theory. The non-singlets are obtained by adding Nf× N bi-fundamental fields in the gauged matrix quantum mechanics model as well as a one dimensional Chern-Simons term. The present model is associated with a spin-Calogero model in the presence of an external magnetic field. In chiral variables, the low energy excitations-currents satisfy an SU$$ {\left(2{N}_f\right)}_{\tilde{k}} $$

2

N
f

k
˜

Kăc-Moody algebra at large N. We analyse the canonical partition function as well as two and four point correlation functions, discuss a Gross-Witten-Wadia phase transition at large N, Nf and study different limits of the parameters that allow us to recover the matrix model of Kazakov-Kostov-Kutasov conjectured to describe a two dimensional black hole. The grand canonical partition function is a τ- function obeying discrete soliton equations. We finally conjecture a possible dynamical picture for the formation of a black hole in terms of condensation of long-strings in the strongly coupled region of the Liouville direction.
Polarized $$ \mathrm{q}\overline{\mathrm{q}} $$ → Z+Higgs amplitudes at two loops in QCD: the interplay between vector and axial vector form factors and a pitfall in applying a non-anticommuting γ5
Authors: Ahmed Taushif , Bernreuther Werner , Chen Long , Czakon Michał 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We consider QCD corrections to two loops for the polarized amplitudes of $$ q\overline{q} $$
q

q
¯

→ Z + Higgs boson. First we show how the polarized amplitudes of $$ b\overline{b} $$
b

b
¯

→ Zh associated with a non-vanishing b-quark Yukawa coupling and a scalar or pseudoscalar Higgs boson h can be built up solely from vector form factors (FF) of properly grouped classes of diagrams, bypassing completely the need of explicitly manipulating γ5 in dimensional regularization (up to a few “anomalous”, i.e., triangle diagrams). We determine the contributions of the triangle diagrams in the heavy top limit. We present the analytic results of the vector FF and the triangle-diagram contributions to the axial vector FF, which are sufficient for deriving the two-loop QCD amplitudes for $$ b\overline{b} $$
b

b
¯

→ Zh with a CP-even and CP-odd Higgs boson h. We derive the respective Ward identity for these amplitudes, which are subsequently verified to two-loop order in QCD using these FF. In addition, the FF of a class of corrections to $$ q\overline{q} $$
q

q
¯

→ ZH proportional to the top-Yukawa coupling are obtained analytically to two-loop order in QCD in the heavy-top limit using the Higgs-gluon effective Lagrangian where the top quark is integrated out. We address a pitfall that occurs when applying the non-anticommutating γ5 prescription to this class of contributions that has been overlooked so far in the literature. We attribute this issue to the fact that the absence of certain heavy-mass expanded diagrams in the infinite-mass limit of a scattering amplitude with an axial vector current depends on the particular γ5 prescription in use.