bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alix and Syntenin-1 direct amyloid precursor protein trafficking into extracellular vesicles
Authors: Cone Allaura S. , Hurwitz Stephanie N. , Lee Glorida S. , Yuan Xuegang , Zhou Yi , Li Yan , Meckes David 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Endosomal trafficking and amyloidogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is believed to play a role in the neurodegeneration observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent evidence has suggested that packaging and secretion of APP and its amyloidogenic cleaved product (βAPP) into small extracellular vesicles (EVs) may facilitate uptake of these neurotoxic factors during disease progression. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying trafficking of APP into EVs are poorly understood. Results: In this study, the mechanism and impact of amyloid precursor protein trafficking into extracellular vesicles (EVs) were assessed by a series of inducible gene knockdowns. We demonstrate that vesicle-associated proteins Alix and Syntenin-1 are essential for proper subcellular localization and efficient EV secretion of APP via an endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)-independent pathway. The neurotoxic C-terminal fragment (CTF) of APP is similarly secreted in association with small vesicles. These mechanisms are conserved in terminally differentiated neuron-like cells. Furthermore, knockdown of Alix and Syntenin-1 alters the subcellular localization of APP, sequestering the precursor protein to endoplasmic reticulum and endolysosomal compartments, respectively. Finally, transfer of small EVs containing APP confers an increase in reactive oxygen species production and neurotoxicity to human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons and naïve primary neurons, an effect that is ameliorated by Alix and Syntenin-1 depletion. Conclusions: Altogether these findings elucidate a novel mechanism for understanding the intracellular trafficking of APP and βAPP into secreted extracellular vesicles, and the resultant potential impact on neurotoxicity in the context of Alzheimer’s disease amyloidopathy.
A method to audit and score implementation of knowledge translation (KT) interventions in large health regions – an observational pilot study using rectal cancer surgery in Ontario
Authors: Simunovic Marko , Fahim Christine , Coates Angela , Urbach David , Earle Craig , Grubac Vanja , Brouwers Melissa , O'Brien Mary Ann , Baxter Nancy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Across Ontario, since the year 2006 various knowledge translation (KT) interventions designed to improve the quality of rectal cancer surgery have been implemented by the provincial cancer agency or by individual researchers. Ontario is divided administratively into 14 health regions. We piloted a method to audit and score for each region of the province KT interventions implemented to improve the quality of rectal cancer surgery. Methods: We interviewed stakeholders to audit KT interventions used in respective regions over years 2006 to 2014. Results were summarized into narrative and visual forms. KT experts reviewed these data and then, for each region, scored KT intervention implementation using a 20-item KT Signature Assessment Tool. Scores could range from 20-100 with higher scores commensurate with greater KT intervention implementation. Results: There were thirty interviews. KT experts produced scores for each region that were bimodally distributed, with an average score for 2 regions of 78 (range 73-83) and for 12 regions of 30.5 (range 22-38). Conclusion: Our methods efficiently identified two groups with similar KT Signature scores. Two regions had relatively high scores reflecting numerous KT interventions and the use of sustained iterative approaches in addition to those encouraged by the provincial cancer agency, while 12 regions had relatively low scores reflecting minimal activities. These groupings will be used for future comparative quantitative analyses to help determine if higher KT signature scores correlate with improved measures for region-level quality of rectal cancer surgery.
Upregulation of fibronectin following loss of p53 function is a poor prognostic factor in ovarian carcinoma with a unique immunophenotype
Authors: Yokoi Ako , Matsumoto Toshihide , Oguri Yasuko , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Tochimoto Masataka , Nakagawa Mayu , Saegusa Makoto 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that ovarian high grade serous carcinomas (OHGSeCa) and ovarian clear cell carcinomas (OCCCa) with an HNF-1β+/p53+/ARID1A+ immunophenotype were associated with the worst unfavorable prognosis. To clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying this finding, we focused on alterations in the p53 signaling pathway in these tumors. Methods Changes in cell phenotype and function following knockdown of wild-type p53 (p53-KD) were assessed using OCCCa cells expressing endogenous HNF-1β and ARID1A. The prognostic significance of molecules that were deregulated following p53-KD was also examined using 129 OCCCa/OHGSeCa cases. Results p53-KD cells had increased expression of Snail, phospho-Akt (pAkt), and pGSK3β, and decreased E-cadherin expression, leading to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)/cancer stem cell (CSC) features. The cells also exhibited acceleration of cell motility and inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Next generation sequencing revealed that fibronectin (FN) expression was significantly increased in the p53 KD-cells, in line with our observation that wild-type p53 (but not mutant p53) repressed FN1 promoter activity. In addition, treatment of OCCCa cells with FN significantly increased cell migration capacity and decreased cell proliferation rate, independent of induction of EMT features. In clinical samples, FN/p53 scores were significantly higher in OCCCa/OHGSeCa with the HNF-1β+/p53+/ARID1A+ immunophenotype when compared to others. Moreover, high FN/high p53 expression was associated with the worst overall survival and progression-free survival in OCCCa/OHGSeCa patients. Conclusion These findings suggest that upregulation of FN following loss of p53 function may impact the biological behavior of OCCCa/OHGSeCa, particularly in tumors with an HNF-1β+/p53+/ARID1A+ immunophenotype, through alterations in cell mobility and cell proliferation. The accompanying induction of EMT/CSC properties and inhibition of apoptosis due to p53 abnormalities also contribute to the establishment and maintenance of tumor phenotypic characteristics.
The Meta-Memory Ratio: A new cohort-independent way to measure cognitive awareness in asymptomatic individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Gagliardi Geoffroy Pierre , Houot Marion , Cacciamani Federica , Habert Marie-Odile , Dubois Bruno , Epelbaum Stéphane 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Lack of Awareness for Cognitive Decline (ACD) has been described at the preclinical and prodromal stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we introduced a meta-memory ratio (MMR), and explored how it is associated with neuroimaging AD biomarkers in asymptomatic individuals at risk for AD. Method 448 cognitively healthy participants from two cohorts of subjective memory complainers (INSIGHT-PreAD and ADNI) were included. Regression models were used to assess the impact of AD biomarkers on the MMR. Result In both cohorts, there was a significant quadratic effect of cerebral amyloidosis on the MMR value. In particular, participants had a high ACD up to the amyloid positivity threshold, above which a decrease of ACD was eventually observed as the amyloid load increased. Conclusion This nonlinear evolution of ACD in very early AD must be taken into account in clinical care and for trial enrollment as well.
Modified Staff-ball Technique for Densely Vegetated Areas
Authors: Pop Paul 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Staff-ball technique is a method used to measure the horizontal cover of vegetation in an area. For the occupancy study of two threatened avian species, a modified version of this method has been developed, employed and standardized in the field, to collect data that has been used as proxy for visibility of these species through the undergrowth in plantations within Western Ghats, India. This modified cost-effective technique is very useful in areas which are highly vegetated with undulating terrain, as opposed to its original use in grasslands. Two staffs and a ball are the main equipment used, wherein a central staff with ball is placed within vegetation and viewed using a peripheral staff at a fixed height from different points in an imaginary circle. A weakness of this technique is the difficulty in alignment with the central staff-ball, which may be rectified by the use of a laser rangefinder.
CT Imaging Changes of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19):A multi-center study in Southwest China
Authors: Li Xiaoming , Zeng Wenbing , Li Xiang , Chen Haonan , Shi Linping , Li Xinghui , Xiang Hongnian , Cao Yang , Chen Hui , Liu Chen , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Since the first case of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection pneumonia was detected in Wuhan, China, a series of confirmed cases of the COVID-19 were found in Southwest China. The aim of this study was to describe the imaging manifestations of hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in southwest China.
Methods: In this retrospective study, data were collected from 131 patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from 3 Chinese hospitals. Their common clinical manifestations, as well as characteristics and evolvement features of chest CT images, were analyzed.
Results: A total of 100 (76%) patients had a history of close contact with people living in Wuhan , Hubei. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 included cough, fever. Most of the lesions identified in chest CT images were multiple lesions of bilateral lungs, lesions were more localized in the peripheral lung, 109 (83%) patients had more than two lobes involved, 20 (15%) patients presented with patchy ground glass opacities, patchy ground glass opacities and consolidation of lesions co-existing in 61 (47%) cases. Complications such as pleural thickening, hydrothorax, pericardial effusion, and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes were detected but only in rare cases. For the follow-up chest CT examinations (91 cases), We found 66 (73%) cases changed very quickly, with an average of 3.5 days, 25 cases (27%) presented absorbed lesions, progression was observed in 41 cases (46%), 25 (27%) cases showed no significant changes.
Conclusion: Chest CT plays an important role in diagnosing COVID-19. The imaging pattern of multifocal peripheral ground glass or mixed consolidation is highly suspicious of COVID-19, that can quickly change over a short period of time.
The importance of incorporating transcript information in CLIP-seq data analysis
Authors: Uhl Michael , Tran Dinh Van , Backofen Rolf 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Current peak callers for identifying RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites from CLIP-seq data take into account genomic read profiles, but they ignore the underlying transcript information, that is information regarding splicing events. So far, there are no studies available that closer observe this issue. Results: Here we show that current peak callers are susceptible to false peak calling near exon borders. We further quantify its extent in publicly available datasets, which turns out to be substantial. Finally, by providing a tool called CLIPcontext for automatic transcript and genomic context sequence extraction, we demonstrate that context choice also affects the performances of RBP binding site prediction tools. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the importance of incorporating transcript information in CLIP-seq data analysis. Taking advantage of the underlying transcript information should therefore become an integral part of future peak calling and downstream analysis tools.
Factors influencing happiness in the elderly based on the Anderson model
Authors: Zhang Xueying , Huang Shuang , Jing Lijia , Liu Zongzhuang , Wang Xin , Li Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The happiness of elderly people is an important indicator of successful aging. Research shows that happiness among the elderly is not only affected by physical conditions, social relations and other factors, but is also used as a measure of other aspects of happiness. This study examined the relationship between happiness and social relationships, contextual characteristics, and the medical outcomes of the elderly in China.Methods: A total of 669 subjects over the age of 60 years were randomly selected from 13 cities in Heilongjiang province and surveyed using questionnaires. We used a structural equation based on the Anderson model to analyze the factors influencing happiness in the elderly.Results: The main factors for happiness in the elderly were social relationships (P = 0.51), contextual characteristics (P = 0.26), and medical outcomes (P = 0.23). Among these, the most important factor in the dimension of social relationships was social isolation (P = 0.757), the most important factor in the dimension of contextual characteristics was monthly income (P = 0.955), and the most important factor in the dimension of medical outcomes was physical health (P = 0.600). There were also some relationships among three other dimensions.Conclusions：For the elderly, we must pay attention to social relations and reduce the sense of social isolation. At the same time, we should provide more medical resources for the elderly and maintain their health.
Ambulatory end-stage liver disease in Ghana; patient profile and utility of alpha fetoprotein and aspartate aminotransferase - platelet ratio index
Authors: Nartey Yvonne Ayerki , Awuku Yaw Asante , Agyei-Nkansah Adwoa , Duah Amoako , Bampoh Sally Afuah , Ayawin Joshua , Asibey Shadrack Osei , Björkström Niklas , Ye Weimin , Afihene Mary Yeboah , Roberts Lewis , Plymoth Amelie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: End-stage liver disease (ESLD) is a major burden on public health, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important risk factor. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics of ESLD from cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the performance of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) - platelet ratio index (APRI) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in Ghana. Methods: We performed an observational cross-sectional study in outpatient hepatology clinics at three teaching hospitals in Ghana, West Africa. One hundred and forty-one HCC, 216 cirrhosis and 218 chronic HBV patients were recruited by convenience sampling. Sociodemographic, history and examination, laboratory, and disease staging information were shown using descriptive statistics. Performance of the APRI score in diagnosis of cirrhosis and Alpha fetoprotein in the diagnosis of HCC was determined using AUROC analysis.Results: Median age at presentation was 44 years for HCC and 46 years for cirrhosis. HBV was found in 69.5% of HCC and 47.2% of cirrhosis cases, and HCV in 6.4% and 3.7% respectively. APRI cut-off of 2 had sensitivity of 45.4% and specificity of 95% in diagnosis of cirrhosis, and cut-off of 1 had sensitivity of 75.9% and specificity of 89%. AUC of AFP was 0.88 (95% CI 0.81-0.94) in diagnosis of HCC. Low monthly income was associated with lower odds of undertaking AFP. Thirty one percent of cirrhotic persons were Child-Pugh C, and 67.9% of HCC patients had advanced or terminal disease at presentation. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the young age of ESLD patients in Ghana and the advanced nature at presentation. It highlights shortcomings in surveillance and the need for policies to address the burden and improve outcomes in Ghana.
Prognostic implication of SOX2 expression in small intestinal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kim Jeong Won , Author) Joon-Yong Chung(Former Corresponding , Ylaya Kris , Park Yoonho , Jun Sun-Young , Hong Seung-Mo , Author) Stephen M Hewitt(New Corresponding 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The presence of KRAS mutation enhance the stem cell features of colorectal carcinoma cells containing mutant adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). However, their potential role in small intestinal adenocarcinoma remains elusive. Here, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of cancer stem cell markers in the context of small intestinal adenocarcinoma with the KRAS genotype. Methods: SOX2, NANOG, and OCT4 expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis, and their potential association with KRAS was further examined in 185 small intestinal adenocarcinoma patients. Results: Positive expression of SOX2, NANOG, and OCT4 was detected in 65 (35.1%), 94 (50.8%), and 82 (44.3%) of patients, respectively. SOX2-/wild-type KRAS (KRASWT) was often observed in low-grade carcinoma (P = 0.048). SOX2+ and SOX2+/mutant KRAS (KRASMT) were significantly associated with shorter overall survival relative to SOX2- and others (P < 0.001, both). Multivariate analysis revealed SOX2+ (HR=1.929 [95% CI, 1.320-2.819], P = 0.001) as an independent prognostic factor of worse overall survival among small intestinal adenocarcinoma patients. Conclusions: These results suggest that SOX2 expression, in conjunction with KRAS, is a potential prognostic marker for small intestinal adenocarcinoma.
Accuracy and trending abilities of finger plethysmographic blood pressure and cardiac output compared with invasive measurements during caesarean delivery in healthy women. An observational study.
Authors: Omenås Ivar Nagelgaard , Tronstad Christian , Rosseland Leiv Arne 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: In women presenting for caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia, continuous measurement of circulatory aspects, such as blood pressure and cardiac output, is often needed. At present, invasive techniques are used almost exclusively. Reliable non-invasive monitors would be welcome, as they could be safer and less uncomfortable, while easy and quick to apply. We aimed to evaluate whether a non-invasive, finger plethysmographic device, the ccNexFin monitor, can replace invasively measured blood pressure in the radial artery, and whether cardiac output measurements from this device can be used interchangeably with measurements from the mini-invasive LiDCO monitor, currently in use at our institution. Methods: Simultaneous invasive measurements were compared with ccNexFin in 23 healthy women during elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. We used Bland Altman statistics for assessing agreement, and polar plot methodology for judging trending abilities with pre-defined limits. Results: Mean arterial and systolic pressures showed biases (invasive – ccNexFin) of -4.3 and 12.2 mmHg, with limits of agreement of -15.9 – 7.4 and -11.1 – 35.6, respectively. The ccNexFin trending abilities were within suggested limits for mean pressure, but insufficient for systolic pressure compared with invasive measurements. Cardiac output had a small bias of 0.2 L/min, but wide limits of agreement of -2.6 – 3.0. The ccNexFin trending abilities compared with the invasive estimated values (LiDCO) were unsatisfactory. Conclusions: We consider the ccNexFin monitor to have sufficient accuracy in measuring mean arterial pressures. The limits of agreement for systolic measurements were wider, and the trending ability, compared with invasive measurements, was outside the recommended limit. The ccNexFin is not reliable for cardiac output measurements or trend in pregnant women for caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia.
Detailed visual assessment of striatal dopaminergic depletion in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: Unremarkable or not?
Authors: Lee Jeong-Yoon , Park Soo Bin , Lee Mina , Ju Hyunjin , Im Kayeong , Kwon Kyum-Yil 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging may enable clinicians to discriminate idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) from other parkinsonian disorders. However, a specific pattern of dopaminergic loss in DAT imaging of iNPH patients remains to be further elucidated. Methods In this preliminary study, 11 patients with iNPH in our hospital between March 2017 and February 2019 were finally enrolled. A diagnosis of iNPH was made according to the two established criteria. For visual analysis of DAT imaging, a striatum was divided into five domains. A semi-quantitative visual assessment was performed with a consensus between a nuclear medicine specialist and an experienced neurologist who were blinded to the clinical diagnosis. Results Striatal dopaminergic deficits were abnormal in 90.9% (10/11) of patients with iNPH. The degree of dopaminergic reduction was mild and heterogeneous. However, a tendency of preferential striatal DAT loss in the caudate nucleus (90.9%, 10/11) than in the putamen (72.7%, 8/11) was observed, whereas ventral portion (9.1%, 1/11) was relatively preserved. Conclusion Striatal dopaminergic depletion might be mild and heterogeneous in patients with iNPH. These dopaminergic deficits were more common in the caudate nucleus than in the putamen, suggesting a pattern different from other degenerative parkinsonian disorders.
Infodemiological study on COVID-19 epidemic and COVID-19 infodemic
Authors: Hu Zhiwen , Yang Zhongliang , Li Qi , Zhang An , Huang Yongfeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Less aligned emphasis has been given to the COVID-19 infodemic coordinating with the COVID-19 outbreak. Global profusion of tangled monikers and hashtags has found their ways in daily communication and contributed to backlash against Chinese. Official naming efforts against infodemic should be meet with a fair share of identification. Based on brief critical reviews on previous multifarious naming practices, we punctuate heuristic introspection in scientific conventions and sociocultural paradigms.

Methods

Infodemiological analysis promises to articulate that people around the globe are divided in their favor stigmatized monikers in the public and scientific communities because of perceptual bias.

Results

There is no positive correlation between the degree of infection in their territories and collective perceptual bias against COVID-19. The official portfolio “COVID-19” and “SARS-CoV-2” has not become de facto standard usages, but full-fledged official names are excepted to duly contribute to the resilience of negative perceptual bias and collective behavioral propensities amid public panic.

Conclusions

As an integral component of preparedness, appropriate nomenclatures should be duly assigned to the newly identified coronavirus and caused respiratory tract disease in humans amid global public health crisis.