bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Para além da pulsão de morte: absurdo e revolta em Albert Camus
Authors: Costa Thaís Cristina Alves , Barbosa Evandro 
Published: August 2020

O objetivo desse artigo é discutir a possibilidade de uma morte feliz, e consequentemente, uma vida feliz a partir da interpretação dos pilares filosóficos de Albert Camus, a saber: o absurdo e a revolta. Enquanto o absurdo diz respeito ao confronto da irracionalidade do mundo com o desejo de clareza e racionalidade que se encontra no homem, a revolta está vinculada ao desejo inconsciente de uma moral que denominamos de moral antiteísta ou moral de atitude por mover-se consciente no âmbito das ações concretas, nascidas do sentimento da absurdidade do mundo frente à morte e o sofrimento. Testaremos, ao final, a viabilidade dessa moral antiteísta promover uma morte feliz para quem sofre e uma vida feliz, apesar de todo sofrimento, para aquele que se depara com a morte do outro. Para isso, utilizaremos como fios condutores as obras de Albert Camus: O Mito de Sísifo e A peste.
The Terror of Evidence
Authors: Steinweg Marcus 
Published: August 2020

Meditations, maxims, aphorisms, notes, and comments address topics that range from pathos and genius to careerism and club sandwiches.
Marcus Steinweg's capacity to implicate the other is beautiful, bright, precise, and logical, grounded in everyday questions, which to him are always big questions.
—from the foreword by Thomas Hirschhorn
The houses of philosophy need not be palaces.
—Marcus Steinweg, “House,” The Terror of Evidence
This is the first book by the prolific German philosopher Marcus Steinweg to be available in English translation. The Terror of Evidence offers meditations, maxims, aphorisms, notes, and comments—191 texts ranging in length from three words to three pages—the deceptive simplicity of which challenges the reader to think. “Thinking means getting lost again and again,” Steinweg observes. Reality is the ever-broken promise of consistency; “the terror of evidence” arises from the inconsistency before our eyes. Thinking is a means of coping with that inconsistency.
Steinweg is known for his collaborations with Thomas Hirschhorn and the lectures and texts he has provided for many of Hirschhorn's projects. This translation of The Terror of Evidence includes a foreword by Hirschhorn written especially for the MIT Press edition.
The subjects of these short texts vary widely. (“The table of contents is in itself excessive and ambitious,” writes Hirschhorn.) They include pathos, passivity, genius, resentment, love, horror, catastrophe, and racism. And club sandwiches (specifically, Foucault's love for this American specialty), blow jobs, and dance. Also: “Two Kinds of Obscurantism,” “Putting Words in Spinoza's Mouth,” “Note on Rorty,” and “Doubting Doubt.” The Terror of Evidence can be considered a guidebook to thinking: the daily journey of exploration, the incessant questioning of reality that Steinweg sees as the task of philosophy.
In the Swarm
Authors: Han Byung-Chul 
Published: August 2020

A prominent German thinker argues that—contrary to “Twitter Revolution” cheerleading—digital communication is destroying political discourse and political action.
The shitstorm represents an authentic phenomenon of digital communication.
—from In the Swarm
Digital communication and social media have taken over our lives. In this contrarian reflection on digitized life, Byung-Chul Han counters the cheerleaders for Twitter revolutions and Facebook activism by arguing that digital communication is in fact responsible for the disintegration of community and public space and is slowly eroding any possibility for real political action and meaningful political discourse. In the predigital, analog era, by the time an angry letter to the editor had been composed, mailed, and received, the immediate agitation had passed. Today, digital communication enables instantaneous, impulsive reaction, meant to express and stir up outrage on the spot. “The shitstorm,” writes Han, ”represents an authentic phenomenon of digital communication.”
Meanwhile, the public, the senders and receivers of these communications have become a digital swarm—not a mass, or a crowd, or Negri and Hardt's antiquated notion of a “multitude,” but a set of isolated individuals incapable of forming a “we,” incapable of calling dominant power relations into question, incapable of formulating a future because of an obsession with the present. The digital swarm is a fragmented entity that can focus on individual persons only in order to make them an object of scandal.
Han, one of the most widely read philosophers in Europe today, describes a society in which information has overrun thought, in which the same algorithms are employed by Facebook, the stock market, and the intelligence services. Democracy is under threat because digital communication has made freedom and control indistinguishable. Big Brother has been succeeded by Big Data.
The Barbarian Invasions
Authors: Michaud Éric 
Published: August 2020

How the history of art begins with the myth of the barbarian invasion—the romantic fragmentation of classical eternity.
The history of art, argues Éric Michaud, begins with the romantic myth of the barbarian invasions. Viewed from the nineteenth century, the Germanic-led invasions of the Roman Empire in the fifth century became the gateway to modernity, seen not as a catastrophe but as a release from a period of stagnation, renewing Roman culture with fresh, northern blood—and with new art that was anti-Roman and anticlassical. Artifacts of art from then on would be considered as the natural product of “races” and “peoples” rather than the creation of individuals. The myth of the barbarian invasions achieved the fragmentation of classical eternity.
This narrative, Michaud explains, inseparable from the formation of nation states and the rise of nationalism in Europe, was based on the dual premise of the homogeneity and continuity of peoples. Local and historical particularities became weapons aimed at classicism's universalism. The history of art linked its objects with racial groups—denouncing or praising certain qualities as “Latin” or “Germanic.” Thus the predominance of linear elements was thought to betray a southern origin, and the “painterly” a Germanic or northern source. Even today, Michaud points out, it is said that art best embodies the genius of peoples. In the globalized contemporary art market, the ethnic provenance of works—categorized, for example, as “African American,” “Latino,” or “Native American”—creates added value. The market displays the same competition among “races” that was present at the foundation of art history as a discipline.
Moringa oleifera: Production and Marketing in Tiruppur District
Authors: Kavithambika S. , Indumathi V. M. , Mahendran K. 
Published: August 2020

Aim: The study aimed at analyzing both the production and marketing aspects of Moringa oleifera. The main objective of this study was to analyze price and cost along the existing marketing channels of Moringa, and identify the most efficient channel. The study also sheds light on factors that affect the choice of market channel for Moringa marketing.
Methodology: Tiruppur district of Tamil Nadu was selected for the study based on Moringa area and production statistics. Non- probability sampling technique was used to select the sample respondents. The sample consisted of 40 Moringa farmers and 35 market intermediaries (10 Local traders/Commission agents, 10 Wholesalers, 5 Processors and 10 Retailers). Conventional analysis using percentage; price spread along the chain was estimated by calculating farmer’s net price, marketing margin and farmer’s share in consumer’s rupee; technical efficiency of the farmers were measured using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEAP software version 2.1).
Results: Moringa was the most cultivated crop as it was drought tolerant and generated higher profits. About 50 percent of farmers operated in a technical efficiency range greater than 0.90 and, technical efficiency varied substantially between 0.67 and 1.00, with a mean technical efficiency of 0.89. Majority of the farmers preferred selling their produce to local traders and the reason for preferring that channel was it saved their time. Marketing Margin of processors were the highest.
Conclusion: Farmers can sell their produce directly to the retailers, as it was found to be the most efficient channel. Farmers could be better educated through government aided consultancy services and these consultancy firms and farmers associations, could work together. Price fluctuation presents a favorable climate for value addition processes in the study area and processors can expand the existing small-scale activities to meet out the demand.
Cross Sectional Survey on the Amount of Sugar Content in Cakes on Sale in Chennai and Its Correlation with Dental Caries
Authors: Paul Rachel , Gurunathan Deepa 
Published: August 2020

Cakes are one of the most commonly consumed product by kids and adults and are consumed even more during special occasions. Packaged cake products have a lot of sugar content in them and sugar is one of the main factors causing dental caries in children. Keeping all this in mind this research was done to evaluate the correlation between the amount of cakes consumed and the incidence of dental craie in children. The data was collected from products packaging nutrition labelling provided by the company and also included the products name, pack weight, serving size, total sugars per 100 gms as well as per suggested serving size. A questionnaire was used to obtain the information on the correlation with dental caries. The data was collected and tabulated in excel sheet. The data analysis was done using SPSS software by IBM. A total of 40 products were collected and tabulated. The average sugar content in cakes was 22.5 g. There was a large variation in sugar content between different cakes of the different categories within the same categories. Among the 40 products, 36 products showed a high sugar content when compared to the normal recommended dose for children. The study showed that the sugar content present in cakes was high and there can be a reduction in the amount of sugar present in it and thus reduce the risk of obesity and dental caries.
Free Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chlorogenic Acid Mediated Silver Nanoparticle
Authors: Jaisankar Anu Iswarya , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Nanotechnology is a field of research and innovation concerned with building 'things' - generally, materials and devices on the scale of atoms and molecules. It is a booming field of this 21st century. The role of nano technology is becoming very crucial in nearly every aspect of life ranging from cosmetics to advanced bio technological approaches. In recent years, silver nanoparticles have gained considerable attention in the field of medicine. The green synthesis of nanoparticles eliminates the generation and use of hazardous substances and thus sustains non toxicity. Chlorogenic acids are phenolic compounds formed by the esterification of cinnamic acids. They exhibit various pharmacological Properties. Our study deals with the green synthesis of Chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticles and assessment of their anti inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Aim: The present study aims at assessing the antioxidant and anti inflammatory property of chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticle and investigating the efficacy of Chlorogenic acid mediated Silver nanoparticle.
Materials and Methods: The methodology includes Green synthesis of Chlorogenic acid mediated Silver nano particle synthesis followed by tests for Anti inflammation and Anti oxidation.
Results: Both the Anti inflammatory and Anti oxidation activity of the chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticle had shown a proportionate increase in activity with increasing concentration of the compound.
Conclusion: Chlorogenic acid mediated silver nanoparticles have shown significant anti inflammatory and anti oxidation activity and they are considered as potent anti inflammatory and antioxidant agents.
Hyaluronic Acid Mediated Zinc Nanoparticles against Oral Pathogens and Its Cytotoxic Potential
Authors: Karthik V. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. 
Published: August 2020

Aim: To determine the Hyaluronic acid mediated zinc nanoparticles against oral pathogens and cytotoxic potential.
Introduction: Hyaluronic acid is a non sulfated glycosaminoglycan. Bacterial invasion can also be repressed by an inhibitor Interfering with receptor interaction for bacterial invasion, Hyaluronic acid is an example of inhibitor.Nanoparticles is considered as one of the most promising studies in science and technology study and Maintaining the shape, size and distribution of nanoparticles helps in its function and interaction with other molecules.
Materials and Methods: 0.1 g of Hyaluronic acid was added to a flask containing 100 ml of distilled water and heated for an hour. After observing the solubility, 0.574 g of Zn was added to the mixture and then kept on a magnetic stirrer for 1 hour at 100 degree Celsius.
Anti microbial activity: Agar well diffusion and Disc diffusion method is used. Then incubated for 37 degree Celsius for 48 hour. The zone of inhibition is recorded.
Cytotoxic potential: Different concentrations of Hyaluronic acid mediated zinc nanoparticles are incorporated to the wells. After 24 hrs the results were analysed.
Results and Discussion: Hyaluronic mediated zinc nanoparticles is proved to be effective against a wide range of foodborne and clinically relevant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using several assays such as disk diffusion, agar or broth dilution.Hyaluronic acid mediated Zinc nanoparticles has high potent cytotoxic potential it had been proved with the help of brine shrimps.
Conclusion: From the observed results, it has been concluded that Hyaluronic acid has a lot of medicinal values and it has antimicrobial activity and it has good cytotoxic potential.
Predicting rape events: The influence of intimate partner violence history, condom use resistance, and heavy drinking
Authors: Gulati Natasha K. , Stappenbeck Cynthia A. , George William H. , Davis Kelly C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSexual aggression perpetration is a public health epidemic, and burgeoning research aims to delineate risk factors for individuals who perpetrate completed rape. The current study investigated physical and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) history, coercive condom use resistance (CUR), and heavy episodic drinking (HED) as prospective risk factors for rape perpetration. Young adult men (N = 430) ages 21–30 completed background measures as well as follow‐up assessments regarding rape events perpetrated over the course of 3 months. Negative binomial regression with log link function was utilized to examine whether these risk factors interacted to prospectively predict completed rape. There was a significant interaction between physical IPV and HED predicting completed rape; men with high HED and greater physical IPV histories perpetrated more completed rapes during follow‐up than men with low HED at the same level of physical IPV. Moreover, psychological IPV and coercive CUR interacted to predict completed rape such that men with high coercive CUR and greater psychological IPV histories perpetrated more completed rapes throughout the follow‐up period than men with low coercive CUR at the same level of psychological IPV. Findings suggest targets for intervention efforts and highlight the need to understand the topography of different forms of aggression perpetration.
Profiles of bystanders' motivation to defend school bully victims from a self‐determination perspective
Authors: Jungert Tomas , Holm Kristoffer , Iotti Nathalie O. , Longobardi Claudio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study was aimed at exploring which latent profiles emerge based on ratings of self‐determined motivation to defend victims of bullying, and to explore if they are related to bystander roles and victimization in bullying, as well as student–teacher relations. Data were collected from 1,800 Swedish and Italian students, with an age range between 10 and 18 years (M = 12.6, standard deviation = 1.74). The students completed a survey in their classrooms. Latent profile analysis was used to explore the possible clusters of individuals with similar ratings on the motivational variables. Multivariate analysis of variances were conducted to explore differences between the profiles in relation to their roles when witnessing bullying and to student–teacher relationships. Four latent profiles emerged. The profiles represented respondents (a) high in prosocial motivation, (b) high in externally extrinsic motivation, (c) intermediate in externally extrinsic motivation, and (d) with identified/introjected motivation. Multivariate analyses showed that reports of bystander roles when witnessing bullying, teacher–student relationships, and bullying victimization, significantly differed over the motivational profiles. The bystanders were unevenly distributed across the four groups and most individuals were categorized in the prosocial motivation group. Female and male bystanders were evenly distributed across clusters. The prosocial motivation group experienced victimization to a lesser extent than the other profile groups. Students in the intermediate externally extrinsic group were more likely to take the pro‐bully and outsider role during bullying. Concerning student–teacher relationships, the prosocial motivation group reported the closest relationships with their teachers, while the intermediate externally extrinsic group reported the most conflictual relationships.
Self‐Folding 3D Silk Biomaterial Rolls to Facilitate Axon and Bone Regeneration
Authors: Huang Yimin , Fitzpatrick Vincent , Zheng Nan , Cheng Ran , Huang Heyu , Ghezzi Chiara , Kaplan David L. , Yang Chen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBiomaterial scaffold designs are needed for self‐organizing features related to tissue formation while also simplifying the fabrication processes involved. Toward this goal, silk protein‐based self‐folding scaffolds to support 3D cell culture, while providing directional guidance and promotion of cell growth and differentiation, are reported. A simple and robust one‐step self‐folding approach is developed using bilayers consisting of a hydrogel and silk film in aqueous solution. The 3D silk rolls, with patterns transferred from the initially prepared 2D films, guide the directional outgrowth of neurites and also promote the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The osteogenic outcomes are further supported by enhanced biomechanical performance. By utilizing this self‐folding method, cocultures of neurons and hMSCs are achieved by patterning cells on silk films and then converting these materials into a 3D format with rolling, mimicking aspects of the structure of osteons and providing physiologically relevant structures to promote bone regeneration. These results demonstrate the utility of self‐folded silk rolls as efficient scaffold systems for tissue regeneration, while exploiting relatively simple 2D designs programmed to form more complex 3D structures.
Enhanced In Vivo Vascularization of 3D‐Printed Cell Encapsulation Device Using Platelet‐Rich Plasma and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Paez‐Mayorga Jesus , Capuani Simone , Farina Marco , Lotito Maria Luisa , Niles Jean A. , Salazar Hector F. , Rhudy Jessica , Esnaola Lucas , Chua Corrine Ying Xuan , Taraballi Francesca , Corradetti Bruna , Shelton Kathryn A. , Nehete Pramod N. , Nichols Joan E. , Grattoni Alessandro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe current standard for cell encapsulation platforms is enveloping cells in semipermeable membranes that physically isolate transplanted cells from the host while allowing for oxygen and nutrient diffusion. However, long‐term viability and function of encapsulated cells are compromised by insufficient oxygen and nutrient supply to the graft. To address this need, a strategy to achieve enhanced vascularization of a 3D‐printed, polymeric cell encapsulation platform using platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is investigated. The study is conducted in rats and, for clinical translation relevance, in nonhuman primates (NHP). Devices filled with PRP, MSCs, or vehicle hydrogel are subcutaneously implanted in rats and NHP and the amount and maturity of penetrating blood vessels assessed via histopathological analysis. In rats, MSCs drive the strongest angiogenic response at early time points, with the highest vessel density and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. In NHP, PRP and MSCs result in similar vessel densities but incorporation of PRP ensues higher levels of eNOS expression. Overall, enrichment with PRP and MSCs yields extensive, mature vascularization of subcutaneous cell encapsulation devices. It is postulated that the individual properties of PRP and MSCs can be leveraged in a synergistic approach for maximal vascularization of cell encapsulation platforms.
Biodegradable and Electroactive Regenerated Bacterial Cellulose/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) Composite Hydrogel as Wound Dressing for Accelerating Skin Wound Healing under Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Mao Lin , Hu Sanming , Gao Yihua , Wang Li , Zhao Weiwei , Fu Lina , Cheng Haoyan , Xia Lin , Xie Shangxian , Ye Weiliang , Shi Zhijun , Yang Guang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTraditional wound dressings mainly participate in the passive healing processes and are rarely engaged in active wound healing by stimulating skin cell behaviors. Electrical stimulation (ES) has been known to regulate skin cell behaviors. Herein, a series of multifunctional hydrogels based on regenerated bacterial cellulose (rBC) and MXene (Ti3C2Tx) are first developed that can electrically modulate cell behaviors for active skin wound healing under external ES. The composite hydrogel with 2 wt% MXene (rBC/MXene‐2%) exhibits the highest electrical conductivity and the best biocompatibility. Meanwhile, the rBC/MXene‐2% hydrogel presents desired mechanical properties, favorable flexibility, good biodegradability, and high water‐uptake capacity. An in vivo study using a rat full‐thickness defect model reveals that this rBC/MXene hydrogel exhibits a better therapeutic effect than the commercial Tegaderm film. More importantly, in vitro and in vivo data demonstrate that coupling with ES, the hydrogel can significantly enhance the proliferation activity of NIH3T3 cells and accelerate the wound healing process, as compared to non‐ES controls. This study suggests that the biodegradable and electroactive rBC/MXene hydrogel is an appealing candidate as a wound dressing for skin wound healing, while also providing an effective synergistic therapeutic strategy for accelerating wound repair process through coupling ES with the hydrogel dressing.