bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Adherence Among Youth with Type-1-Diabetes Mellitus - The Hungarian Case
Authors: Nagy Beáta E. , Munkácsi Brigitta , Kovács Karolina Eszter 
Published: January 2020

Background & Introduction:
Due to the increasing prevalence of type-1-diabetes, an increasing
number of studies have drawn attention to its psychological effects and long-term consequences.
As Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic, non-curable, yet maintainable condition, with the
affected children and their families facing a lifelong challenge, our research focuses on the factors influencing
adherence.

Methods:
The adherence of youth was examined in a sample involving 114 patients treated in the
Medical and Health Science Centre at the University of Debrecen by employing a new adherence questionnaire
(DAQ abbreviated version, Munkácsi et al. 2019) (DAF 2017; N=114). The influence of socio-
demographic variables and those related to the disease (age at the time of diagnosis, the time elapsed
since diagnosis, method of treatment, the time elapsed since the use of the pump) was measured by linear
regression. Furthermore, the between-group comparisons were made by independent sample t-tests and
variance analysis. The investigation was carried out between September 2017 and May 2018.

Results:
The effect of using insulin pump as therapy turned out to be significant and positive (0.36.
p=0.045). It was observed that the adherence of the patients using insulin pump was higher while the
effect of the age at the diagnosis had a significantly negative effect (-.247, p=0.035). Thus, earlier detection
of the disease may lead to a higher level of adherence. The effects of the socio-demographic
variables (gender, family structure, educational level, type of the settlement, owning sibling and birth
order) were not significant (p>0.05). Regarding the between-group comparisons, a significant difference
could be pointed out concerning the siblings and birth-order as the adherence of those with siblings
was higher (p=0.044). Moreover, concerning insulin pump therapy, the adherence of patients using
pump was significantly better (p=0.048). Also, regarding the age of the diagnosis, the adherence of
those diagnosed before 12 was seemingly higher (p=0.039). Concerning the other socio-demographical
and disease-related variables, no significant differences could be detected.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that the treatment has an outstanding role in the adherence of the disease.
Moreover, the role of the appropriate treatment, living conditions as well as the early diagnosis is
relevant.
Elucidation of Antibacterial Compounds from Inflorescences of Banana (Musa balbisiana cv. Saba) Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Tin Hoe S. , Padam Birdie S. , Chye Fook Y. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Banana by-products are undervalued and their potential remains untapped.
They are often composted after the fruits are harvested, reducing the cause of environmental pollutions
due to open burning.

Objectives:
The study aims to identify the bioactive compounds in banana [Musa acuminate x balbisiana
Colla cv. Saba (Musaceae)] inflorescence buds that are responsible for the antibacterial activity on
selected foodborne pathogens.

Methods:
Dried inflorescence buds were extracted using methanol and subsequently partitioned into
chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and deionized water. Further isolation of bioactive components
was based on a bioassay-guided fractionation and the inhibitory activity at various concentrations
against selected foodborne pathogens was determined. The compounds were identified using highperformance
liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
(LC-MS/MS).

Results:
The SPE-fraction 3 (BWF-3) purified from the methanolic water partition of banana inflorescence
showed the most prominent inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory
concentration at 12.0 μg/ml. The BWF-3 was later identified as proanthocyanidins with epigallocatechin
as the main extension unit. Additionally, the survival of Listeria monocytogenes increased
with the fortification of ferum (II) and (III) at a concentration as low as 1 mM but not for the calcium,
magnesium, manganese and glucose.

Conclusion:
The methanolic partition of banana inflorescence buds could be a potential source of
natural antibacterial for food and pharmaceutical applications.
One-pot Multicomponent Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]benzoxazines and pyrrolo[1, 2-a]pyrazines in Water Catalyzed by Fe3O4@SiO2@L-Arginine-SA Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Rostami Hedieh , Shiri Lotfi 
Published: January 2020

Aims:
Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]benzoxazines and pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines using magnetic
nanoparticles.

Background:
One-pot, three component reaction for the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]benzoxazines and
pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines is reported. For the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,4]benzoxazines use of 2-
aminophenols, dialkylacetylenedicarboxylates and β -nitrostyrene derivatives and Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines
synthesized from reaction of ethylenediamine, dialkylacetylenedicarboxylates and β-nitrostyrene derivatives is
discussed.

Materials and Methods:
2-aminophenol (0.5 mmol) and dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate (0.5 mmol) in water
(3 ml) were stirred at room temperature for 10 min. Then, β-nitrostyrene (0.5 mmol) and Fe3O4@SiO2@LArginine-
SA MNPs (0.07 g) were added and the mixture was refluxed for 5 h. After completion of the reaction,
the mixture was cooled to room temperature and the catalyst was separated with external magnet and product
extracted with dichloromethane. More purification of products was performed by column chromatography (nhexane/
ethyl acetate 4:1). Ethylenediamine (0.6 mmol) was added to dialkylacetylenedicarboxylate (0.6 mmol)
in 3 ml water and was stirred for 10 min at room temperature. Later, β -nitrostyrene (0.5 mmol) and
Fe3O4@SiO2@L-Arginine-SA MNPs (0.06 g) were added to mixture reaction and refluxed for 3 h. After
completion, the mixture reaction was cooled to room temperature and the catalyst was separated by an external
magnet. Then, the product was extracted with dichloromethane. For more purification column chromatography
was used (n-hexane/ethylacetate 1:1).

Results and Discussion:
In this research, we have synthesized new derivatives of pyrrolo[1,2-
d][1.4]benzoxazines and pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines in green conditions consisting of use of water as a green
solvent and magnetic nanoparticles.

Conclusion:
In this research, we have synthesized new derivatives of pyrrolo[1,2-d][1.4]benzoxazines and
pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines in green conditions consisting of use of water as a green solvent and magnetic
nanoparticles which were easily separated from mixture with an external magnet and had the capability to be
recovered and reused. Also, in this work, the yield was good and the time of reactions was low compared with
prior research.
Monocyclic Peptides: Types, Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Khazaei-poul Yalda , Farhadi Shohreh , Ghani Sepideh , Ahmadizad Safar Ali , Ranjbari Javad 
Published: January 2020

:
Peptides are considered to be appropriate tools in various biological fields. They can be
primarily used for the rational design of bioactive molecules. They can act as ligands in the development
of targeted therapeutics as well as diagnostics, can be used in the design of vaccines or can be
employed in agriculture. Peptides can be classified in two broad structural classes: linear and cyclic
peptides. Monocyclic peptides are a class of polypeptides with one macrocyclic ring that bears advantages,
such as more selective binding and uptake by the target receptor, as well as higher potency
and stability compared to linear types. This paper provides an overview of the categories, synthesis
methods and various applications of cyclic peptides. The various applications of cyclic peptides include
their use as pro-apoptotic and anti-microbial agents, their application as targeting ligands in drug
delivery and diagnostic agents, as well as agricultural and therapeutics applications that are elaborated
and discussed in this paper.
Allopurinol Loaded Transferosomes for the Alleviation of Symptomatic After-effects of Gout: An Account of Pharmaceutical Implications
Authors: Tiwari Ruchi , Tiwari Gaurav , Singh Rachna 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The present study assessed the transdermal potential of transferosomes
loaded with allopurinol for the treatment of gout.

Methods:
Transferosomes of allopurinol were composed of different ratios of tween-80, soya
lecithin and solvent using a thin-film hydration method. Transferosomes were characterized for
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), zeta potential, % entrapment efficiency (%EE), Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), in-vitro drug release and kinetics as well as stability.
Then, optimized formulation was incorporated in gel and evaluated for viscosity, pH, extrudability,
homogeneity, skin irritation study, spreadability, ex vivo skin permeation study, flux, and stability.

Results:
SEM studies suggested that vesicles were spherical and zeta potential were in the range of
-11.4 mV to -29.6 mV and %EE was 52.4- 83.87%. FTIR study revealed that there was no interaction
between allopurinol and excipients during the preparation of transferosomes. The cumulative
percentage of drug release from various transferosomes was ranged from 51.87 to 81.87%. A transferosomal
gel of F8 formulation was prepared using dispersion method reported pseudoplastic
rheological behavior, optimum pH, spreadability and maximum drug permeation i.e. 79.84% with
flux 13.06 g/cm2/hr, followed zero-order release kinetics. Irritation and in-vivo studies of optimized
transferosomal gel G8 on rabbits revealed better results than the standard allopurinol.

Conclusion:
This research suggested that allopurinol loaded transferosomal gel can be potentially
used as a transdermal drug delivery system for the treatment of gout.
Identification of Genomic Islands in Synechococcus sp. WH8102 Using Genomic Barcode and Whole-Genome Microarray Analysis
Authors: Pan Jiahui , Luo Xizi , Bian Jiang , Shao Tong , Li Chaoying , Zhao Tingting , Zhang Shiwei , Zhou Fengfeng , Wang Guoqing 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Synechococcus sp. WH8102 is one of the most abundant photosynthetic organisms in many ocean regions.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to identify genomic islands (GIs) in Synechococcus sp. WH8102 with integrated methods.

Methods:
We have applied genomic barcode to identify the GIs in Synechococcus sp. WH8102, which could make genomic regions of different origins visually apparent. The gene expression data of the predicted GIs was analyzed through microarray data which was collected for functional analysis of the relevant genes.

Results:
Seven GIs were identified in Synechococcus sp. WH8102. Most of them are involved in cell surface modification, photosynthesis and drug resistance. In addition, our analysis also revealed the functions of these GIs, which could be used for in-depth study on the evolution of this strain.

Conclusion:
Genomic barcodes provide us with a comprehensive and intuitive view of the target genome. We can use it to understand the intrinsic characteristics of the whole genome and identify GIs or other similar elements.
Radioiodinated Ginger Compounds (6-gingerol and 6-shogaol) and Incorporation Assays on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Karatay Kadriye B. , Kılçar Ayfer Yurt , Derviş Emine , Müftüler Fazilet Z. Biber 
Published: January 2020

Background:6-Gingerol (6G) and 6-Shogaol (6S) are the main active components of ginger. 6-Gingerol is known for its anti-metastatic and anti-invasive pharmacological activities on cancer cells, besides, 6-Shogaol also inhibits breast cancer cell invasion.Objective:In this study, radioiodination (131I) of 6G and 6S was aimed. Additionally, it is aimed to monitor their incorporation behavior on breast cancer cell lines.Methods:6-Gingerol was isolated from the fresh ginger-roots extract, additionally, dehydrated to obtain 6-Shogaol. 6G and 6S were radioiodinated using iodogen method. Quality control studies of radioiodinated ginger compounds (6G and 6S) were performed by thin layer radio-chromatography. In vitro studies of radioiodinated ginger compounds on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were performed with incorporation assays.Results:6-Gingerol and 6-Shogaol were radioiodinated (131I-6G and131I-6S) in high yields over 95%.131I-6S demonstrated higher incorporation values than131I-6G on MDA-MB-231 cells. Incorporation behavior of131I-6G and131I-6S was similar to MCF-7 cells.Conclusion:It has been observed that ginger compounds were radioiodinated successfully and131I-6S have a noteworthy incorporation on MDA-MB-231 cells which is a known breast carcinoma cell line with highly invasive characteristics.
An Evaluation of the Effects of Pyridoxal Phosphate in Chlorpromazineinduced Parkinsonism using Mice
Authors: Olofinnade Anthony T. , Onaolapo Tolulope M. , Oladimeji Samad , Fatoki Adetunji M. , Balogun Covenant I. , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Onaolapo Olakunle J. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Parkinsonism is a neurodegenerative disorder with a heavy disease burden,
despite the discovery and application of drugs. Current research is beginning to suggest the
possible crucial roles of micronutrients such as pyridoxal phosphate in the prevention or management
of neurodegenerative disorders.

Objectives:
We investigated the possible protective effects of supplemental pyridoxal phosphate in
Chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced Parkinsonism-like changes in mice.

Methods:
Mice were assigned to eight groups of 30 mice each. Groups included Vehicle control
(fed standard diet (SD), and administered intraperitoneal ip injection of saline and saline per
orem), levodopa-carbidopa (LD) group (SD, saline ip and LD per orem), two groups fed pyridoxal
phosphate-supplemented diet (at 100 and 200 mg/kg of feed), and administered saline both ip and
orally, CPZ group (SD, CPZ ip and saline per orem), CPZ/LD group (SD, CPZ ip and LD per
orem) and finally two groups fed pyridoxal phosphate -supplemented diet (at 100 and 200 mg/kg
of feed) and administered CPZ ip plus saline per orem. Treatments were administered daily for a
period of 21 days to allow for the induction of Parkinsonism features. Body weight and food intake
were measured weekly while neurobehavioural and biochemical tests were assessed at the end of
the experimental period.

Results:
Pyridoxal phosphate supplementation was associated with a reduction in CPZ-induced
suppression of open-field horizontal locomotion and rearing; and a significant increase in grooming
activity. Administration of pyridoxal phosphate-supplemented diet was also associated with
improvements in working-memory in CPZ-treated mice; and there was reduction in the index of
anxiety and catalepsy score.

Conclusion:
Pyridoxal phosphate supplementation was associated with significant benefits in
CPZ-induced Parkinsonism-like changes in mice.
The Catalytic Activity of TiO2Toward a Multicomponent Reaction Depends on its Morphology, Mechanoactivation and Presence of Visible Light
Authors: Thirumeni Subramanian , Balasanthiran Choumini , Sereda Grigoriy 
Published: January 2020

Aims:Test the hypothesis that the catalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles towards a liquidphase or mechanoactivated multicomponent reaction can be tuned by visible light and the shape of nanoparticles.Background:Catalytic multicomponent reactions have been proven to be excellent synthetic approaches to a series of biologically relevant compounds including 2-amino-4H-benzo[b]pyrans. However, the potential photocatalytic activity and structural diversity of nanostructured catalysts remained underutilized in the design of new catalytic systems.Objective:Harness the photocatalytic potential and diverse morphology of TiO2 particles as catalysts for the liquid phase and mechanoactivated multicomponent organic reactions.Results:Catalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles towards multicomponent synthesis of 2-amino-4Hbenzo[ b]pyrans is increased by visible light. The nanorod-shaped TiO2 nanoparticles have shown substantially higher catalytic activity towards mechanoactivated multicomponent synthesis of 2- amino-4H-benzo[b]pyrans than their spherically-shaped counterparts.Conclusion:: An efficient methodology for the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-benzo[b]pyrans under ambient light condition has been developed using TiO2 nanorods (high aspect ratio anatase nanocrystals) as photocatalyst. This simple method furnished the corresponding terahydrobenzopyrans in high yields via three component reaction of aldehyde, malononitrile, and dimidone under solvent free reaction conditions at room temperature. The reaction takes 8-10 min at room temperature under ambient light condition and the catalyst can be reused multiple times. Utilization of light and the nanorod morphology of the catalyst through mechanoactivation has been applied for the -first time to the synthetic technique of multicomponent reactions. The synthetic procedures for 2-amino-4Hbenzo[ b]pyrans have been improved.
Patients’ User Experience of a Blended Face-to-Face and Web-Based Smoking Cessation Treatment: Qualitative Study
Authors: Siemer Lutz , Ben Allouch Somaya , Pieterse Marcel E , Brusse-Keizer Marjolein , Sanderman Robbert , Postel Marloes G 
Published: January 2020

Background
Blended web-based and face-to-face (F2F) treatment is a promising electronic health service because the strengths of one mode of delivery should compensate for the weaknesses of the other.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore this compensation by examining patients’ user experience (UX) in a blended smoking cessation treatment (BSCT) in routine care.

Methods
Data on patients’ UX were collected through in-depth interviews (n=10) at an outpatient smoking cessation clinic in the Netherlands. A content analysis of the semantic domains was used to analyze patients’ UX. To describe the UX, the Hassenzahl UX model was applied, examining 4 of the 5 key elements of UX from a user’s perspective: (1) patients’ standards and expectations, (2) apparent character (pragmatic and hedonic attributes), (3) usage situation, and (4) consequences (appeal, emotions, and behavior).

Results
BSCT appeared to be a mostly positively experienced service. Patients had a positive-pragmatic standard and neutral-open expectation toward BSCT at the treatment start. The pragmatic attributes of the F2F sessions were mostly perceived as positive, whereas the pragmatic attributes of the web sessions were perceived as both positive and negative. For the hedonic attributes, there seemed to be a difference between the F2F and web sessions. Specifically, the hedonic attributes of the web sessions were experienced as mostly negative, whereas those of the F2F sessions were experienced as mostly positive. For the usage situation, the physical and social contexts were experienced positively, whereas the task and technical contexts were experienced negatively. Nevertheless, the consequential appeal of BSCT was positive. However, the consequential emotions and behavior varied, ultimately resulting in diverse combinations of consequential appeal, emotions, and behavior (positive, negative, and mixed).

Conclusions
This study provided insights into the UX of a blended treatment, and the results support the expectation that in a blended treatment, the strengths of one mode of delivery may compensate for the weaknesses of the other. However, in this certain setting, this is mainly achieved in only one way: F2F sessions compensated for the weaknesses of the web sessions. As a practical conclusion, this may mean that the web sessions, supported by the strengths of the F2F sessions, offer an interesting approach for further improving the blended treatment. Our theoretical findings reflect the relevance of the aspects of hedonism, such as fun, joy, or happiness in the UX, which were not mentioned in relation to the web sessions and were only scarcely mentioned in relation to the F2F sessions. Future research should further investigate the role of hedonistic aspects in a blended treatment and whether increased enjoyment of a blended treatment could increase treatment adherence and, ultimately, effectiveness.
Physician Anxiety and Burnout: Symptom Correlates and a Prospective Pilot Study of App-Delivered Mindfulness Training
Authors: Roy Alexandra , Druker Susan , Hoge Elizabeth A , Brewer Judson A 
Published: January 2020

Background
Physician burnout is on the rise, yet little is known about its relationship to anxiety. Mindfulness-based stress reduction has demonstrated decreases in anxiety, yet physicians have reported reluctance to engage in it due to significant time commitments.

Objective
The aims of this study are to assess whether app-based mindfulness training can reduce anxiety in physicians and to explore if anxiety and burnout are correlated, thus leading to a reduction in both anxiety and burnout.

Methods
This was a nonrandomized pilot study comprised of 34 physicians who worked in a large US health care network and reported having anxiety. The intervention was an app-based mindfulness program. The main outcome measure was anxiety, measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). The secondary outcome measures assessed burnout: cynicism and emotional exhaustion items from the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Results
GAD-7 scores decreased significantly at posttreatment (1 month after treatment initiation, 48% reduction, P<.001) and at the 3-month follow-up (57% reduction, P<.001). There was a significant correlation between anxiety and burnout (cynicism: r=.43; P=.01; emotional exhaustion: r=.71; P<.001). There was also a significant decrease in cynicism (50% reduction, P=.003 at posttreatment; 50% reduction, P=.009 at follow-up) and emotional exhaustion at both time points (20% reduction, P<.001 at posttreatment; 20% reduction, P=.003 at follow-up).

Conclusions
This pilot study is the first to test an app-based mindfulness training program targeted at reducing anxiety with physicians and to demonstrate that in physicians, anxiety is correlated with burnout. These findings suggest that this may be an effective tool to reduce anxiety and burnout in physicians.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04137081; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04137081