bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutting off the fuel supply to calcium pumps in pancreatic cancer cells: role of pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2)
Authors: James Andrew D. , Richardson Daniel A. , Oh In-Whan , Sritangos Pishyaporn , Attard Thomas , Barrett Lisa , Bruce Jason I. E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has poor survival and treatment options. PDAC cells shift their metabolism towards glycolysis, which fuels the plasma membrane calcium pump (PMCA), thereby preventing Ca2+-dependent cell death. The ATP-generating pyruvate kinase-M2 (PKM2) is oncogenic and overexpressed in PDAC. This study investigated the PKM2-derived ATP supply to the PMCA as a potential therapeutic locus.

Methods
PDAC cell growth, migration and death were assessed by using sulforhodamine-B/tetrazolium-based assays, gap closure assay and poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP1) cleavage, respectively. Cellular ATP and metabolism were assessed using luciferase/fluorescent-based assays and the Seahorse XFe96 analyzer, respectively. Cell surface biotinylation identified membrane-associated proteins. Fura-2 imaging was used to assess cytosolic Ca2+ overload and in situ Ca2+ clearance. PKM2 knockdown was achieved using siRNA.

Results
The PKM2 inhibitor (shikonin) reduced PDAC cell proliferation, cell migration and induced cell death. This was due to inhibition of glycolysis, ATP depletion, inhibition of PMCA and cytotoxic Ca2+ overload. PKM2 associates with plasma membrane proteins providing a privileged ATP supply to the PMCA. PKM2 knockdown reduced PMCA activity and reduced the sensitivity of shikonin-induced cell death.

Conclusions
Cutting off the PKM2-derived ATP supply to the PMCA represents a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PDAC.
More than one antibody of individual B cells revealed by single-cell immune profiling
Authors: Shi Zhan , Zhang Qingyang , Yan Huige , Yang Ying , Wang Pingzhang , Zhang Yixiao , Deng Zhenling , Yu Meng , Zhou Wenjing , Wang Qianqian , Yang Xi , Mo Xiaoning , Zhang Chi , Huang Jing , Dai Hui , Sun Baofa , Zhao Yongliang , Zhang Liang , Yang Yun-Gui , Qiu Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAntibodies have a common structure consisting of two identical heavy (H) and two identical light (L) chains. It is widely accepted that a single mature B cell produces a single antibody through restricted synthesis of only one VHDJH(encoding the H-chain variable region) and one VLJL(encoding the L-chain variable region) via recombination. Naive B cells undergo class-switch recombination (CSR) from initially producing membrane-bound IgM and IgD to expressing more effective membrane-bound IgG, IgA, or IgE when encountering antigens. To ensure the “one cell — one antibody” paradigm, only the constant region of the H chain is replaced during CSR, while the rearranged VHDJHpattern and the L chain are kept unchanged. To define those long-standing classical concepts at the single-cell transcriptome level, we applied the Chromium Single-Cell Immune Profiling Solution and Sanger sequencing to evaluate the Ig transcriptome repertoires of single B cells. Consistent with the “one cell — one antibody” rule, most of the B cells showed one V(D)J recombination pattern. Intriguingly, however, two or more VHDJHor VLJLrecombination patterns of IgH chain or IgL chain were also observed in hundreds to thousands of single B cells. Moreover, each Ig class showed unique VHDJHrecombination pattern in a single B-cell expressing multiple Ig classes. Together, our findings reveal an unprecedented presence of multi-Ig specificity in some single B cells, implying regulation of Ig gene rearrangement and class switching that differs from the classical mechanisms of both the “one cell — one antibody” rule and CSR.
Sodium Selenate Ameliorates Cardiac Injury Developed from High-Fat Diet in Mice through Regulation of Autophagy Activity
Authors: Zhang Shuqiang , Xu Jialiang , He Zhisong , Xue Feng , Jiang Tingbo , Xu Mingzhu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObesity is often accompanied by dyslipidemia, high blood glucose, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and myocardial dysfunction. Selenate is a vital antioxidant in the cardiovascular system. The beneficial effects of selenate on obesity-associated cardiac dysfunction and potential molecular mechanism were identified in both H9C2 cells and C57BL/6J mice hearts. The cardiac histological preformation in C57BL/6J mice were evaluated by cross-sectional area (CSA) of cardiomyocytes and percent area of fibrosis in the left ventricles. The cardiac autophagy flux in H9C2 cells and C57BL/6J mice hearts was analyzed by Western blots and the number of autophagosomes and autolysosome in H9C2 cells. In the present study, we found that lipid overload caused increases in serum lipid, CSA, and percent area of fibrosis. We further found that lipid-induced accumulation of autophagosomes was due to depressed autophagy degradation, which was not restored in the pretreatment with 3-methyladenine and chloroquine, whereas, it was improved by rapamycin. Moreover, we demonstrated that increased levels of serum lipid, CSA, percent area of fibrosis and mRNA expression related to cardiomyocytes hypertrophy and fibrosis were significantly reduced after selenate treatments of mice. We also found selenate treatment significantly down-regulated activity of the Akt pathway, which was activated in response to lipid-overload. Furthermore, selenate dramatically improved cardiac autophagic degradation which was suppressed after exposure to lipid-overload in both H9C2 cells and C57BL/6J mice hearts. Taken together, selenate offers therapeutic intervention in lipid-related metabolic disorders, and protection against cardiac remodeling, likely through regulation of the activity of autophagic degradation and Akt pathway.
Insight into diversity of bacteria belonging to the order Rickettsiales in 9 arthropods species collected in Serbia
Authors: Li Kun , Stanojević Maja , Stamenković Gorana , Ilić Bojan , Paunović Milan , Lu Miao , Pešić Branislav , Đurić Maslovara Ivana , Siljic Marina , Cirkovic Valentina , Zhang Yongzhen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRickettsiales bacteria in arthropods play a significant role in both public health and arthropod ecology. However, the extensive genetic diversity of Rickettsiales endosymbionts of arthropods is still to be discovered. In 2016, 515 arthropods belonging to 9 species of four classes (Insecta, Chilopoda, Diplopoda and Arachnida) were collected in Serbia. The presence and genetic diversity of Rickettsiales bacteria were evaluated by characterizing the 16S rRNA (rrs), citrate synthase (gltA) and heat shock protein (groEL) genes. The presence of various Rickettsiales bacteria was identified in the majority of tested arthropod species. The results revealed co-circulation of five recognized Rickettsiales species including Rickettsia, Ehrlichia and Wolbachia, as well as four tentative novel species, including one tentative novel genus named Neowolbachia. These results suggest the remarkable genetic diversity of Rickettsiales bacteria in certain arthropod species in this region. Furthermore, the high prevalence of spotted fever group Rickettsia in Ixodes ricinus ticks highlights the potential public health risk of human Rickettsia infection.
Highly Responsive Ultraviolet Sensor Based on ZnS Quantum Dot Solid with Enhanced Photocurrent
Authors: Premkumar Sellan , Nataraj Devaraj , Bharathi Ganapathi , Ramya Subramaniam , Thangadurai T. Daniel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDetection of visible blind UV radiation is not only interesting but also of technologically important. Herein, we demonstrate the efficient detection of UV radiation by using cluster like ZnS quantum dot solid nanostructures prepared by simple reflux condensation technique. The short-chain ligand 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) involved in the synthesis lead to the cluster like formation of ZnS quantum dots into solids upon prolonged synthesis conditions. The ZnS QD solid formation resulted in the strong delocalization of electronic wave function between the neighboring quantum dots. It increases the photocurrent value, which can be further confirmed by the decrease in the average lifetime values from 64 to 4.6 ns upon ZnS cluster like QD solid formation from ZnS QDs. The ZnS quantum dot solid based UV sensor shows good photocurrent response and a maximum responsivity of 0.31 (A/W) at a wavelength of 390 nm, is not only competitive when compared with previous reports but also better than ZnS and metal oxide-based photodetectors. The device exhibits a high current value under low-intensity UV light source and an on/off ratio of IUV/Idark = 413 at zero biasing voltage with a fast response. Further, photocurrent device has been constructed using ZnS quantum dot solid nanostructures with graphene hybrids as an active layer to improve the enhancement of photoresponsivity.
Phonon density of states for α-plutonium from density-functional theory
Authors: Söderlind Per , Yang Lin H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ground-state α phase of plutonium has an extraordinary 16-atom per cell, monoclinic crystal structure defined by 20 parameters, including the cell dimensions, not dictated by the symmetry. The electronic, magnetic, and elastic properties of this complicated material have been predicted in the past but here we compute its phonon spectra. Employing a density-functional-theory (DFT) model, that is fully relativistic and accounts for orbital–orbital coupling (orbital polarization, OP), we determine the phonon density of states of α-plutonium and find good agreement with inelastic x-ray scattering. The calculated specific heat also compares very favorably with experiment. An analysis of the partial atom-projected phonon spectra suggests that atom type 8, that is located in a more open space of the structure, dominates the intensity at very high phonon frequencies. This feature of the model is essential for a good agreement with the experimental spectra. The satisfactory comparison between theory and experiment for the phonons and specific heat suggests that the DFT (+OP) approach is appropriate and accurate for α-plutonium.
High frequency DNA rearrangement at qγ27 creates a novel allele for Quality Protein Maize breeding
Authors: Liu Hongjun , Huang Yongcai , Li Xiaohan , Wang Haihai , Ding Yahui , Kang Congbin , Sun Mingfei , Li Fangyuan , Wang Jiechen , Deng Yiting , Yang Xuerong , Huang Xing , Gao Xiaoyan , Yuan Lingling , An Dong , Wang Wenqin , Holding David R. , Wu Yongrui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCopy number variation (CNV) is a major source of genetic variation and often contributes to phenotypic variation in maize. The duplication at the 27-kDa γ-zein locus (qγ27) is essential to convert soft endosperm into hard endosperm in quality protein maize (QPM). This duplication is unstable and generally produces CNV at this locus. We conducted genetic experiments designed to directly measure DNA rearrangement frequencies occurring in males and females of different genetic backgrounds. The average frequency with which the duplication rearranges to single copies is 1.27 × 10−3 and varies among different lines. A triplication of γ27 gene was screened and showed a better potential than the duplication for the future QPM breeding. Our results highlight a novel approach to directly determine the frequency of DNA rearrangements, in this case resulting in CNV at the qγ27 locus. Furthermore, this provides a highly effective way to test suitable parents in QPM breeding.
The path selection model of emergency logistics based on cumulative prospect theory
Authors: Wang Yihua , Yang Mengke , Zhou Xiaoguang 
Published: December 2019

In recent years, sudden natural disasters occur frequently. Typical emergencies have the characteristics of great uncertainty, large-scale casualty risk, time pressure and urgency, which have a series of serious and sustained impacts on people's production and life. Therefore, after the emergencies, emergency rescue is particularly important for disaster-stricken areas, and the decision-making of emergency logistics is an important part of it. At present, the research on emergency logistics in China focuses on the shortest distribution time, multi-objective decision-making, dynamic path planning, and operational research. It is believed that people are completely rational in making decisions, ignoring people's subjective factors and risk attitudes. From the perspective of decision-makers' risk attitude, this paper studies people's decision-making bias under the condition of incomplete rationality.
Based on previous studies, this paper determines the value coefficient and weight coefficient, and according to the characteristics of emergency logistics, time is selected as the reference point., and A path selection model based on cumulative prospect theory is established. According to the risk attitude, the decision maker is divided into risk preference type and risk avoidance type. Based on the established model, an example is simulated, and the parameters in the model are simulated, and the impact of risk attitude and parameter changes on the final decision-making is analyzed. The simulation results show that the cumulative prospect theory is applicable to the study of emergency logistics decision-making mechanism, and the parameter setting will also have an important impact on the path prospect.
Physical Performance and Quality of Life after Ankle Fusion
Authors: Harrasser Norbert , Gebhardt Christine , Südkamp Norbert P. , Schmal Hagen , Walther Markus , Mehlhorn Alexander Thomas 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Ankle fusion is still considered as an established therapy for end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. To determine exact description of postoperative functioning, it is necessary to consult a variety of functional scores and quality of life questionnaires.
Methods/Patients 34 patients with 34 ankle fusions were investigated on average 5.9 years postoperatively by functional tests and health-related quality of life questionnaires (AOFAS hindfoot score [AOFAS: American Orthopaedic Foot/Ankle Society], Foot Function Index [FFI], Lower Extremity Functional Scale [LEFS], Lower Extremity Activity Scale [LEAS], Visual Analogue Scale Foot/Ankle Surgery [VAS FA], Short Form 36 [SF-36], EuroQol 5D [EQ-5D]).
Results After ankle fusion: the majority of cases gain pain reduction, but residual symptoms may persist; the maximum walking distance (subjectively more than objectively) will be extended; rarely walking without any aids can be achieved; in most cases, the gait pattern is only slightly changed; the re-entry into working life is often possible; climbing stairs without any restrictions is not always possible; the psychological situation will be equalized with that of healthy people.
Conclusion The results of the study confirm the success rates of ankle fusions in the majority of cases. Well defined limitations and residual symptoms can be named on the basis of the available data.
Diffuse endoscopically visible, predominantly low grade dysplasia in Barrett’s esophagus (with video)
Authors: Tsoi Edward H. , Fehily Sasha , Williams Richard , Desmond Paul , Taylor Andrew 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Low grade dysplasia (LGD) in Barrett’s esophagus (BE) has generally been considered as undetectable endoscopically.
Aim To describe a phenotype which consists of diffuse, endoscopically visible, predominantly low grade dysplasia in Barrett’s esophagus (DEVLB), with often subtle but visible endoscopic changes seen with high definition white light (HDWL) and narrow-band imaging (NBI).
Method A systematic search of a prospectively collected database for patients satisfying predefined criteria for DEVLB and a review of endoscopic and histological features of biopsies and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) specimens.
Results Out of a total of 419 patients referred to our expert center for assessment of dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus during the period January 2009 to March 2018, there were 7 patients (1.7 %) who satisfied the criteria defined for DEVLB, identified on their initial assessment endoscopy. All patients were treated by EMR of visible abnormal mucosa during their assessment endoscopy at our tertiary referral center. There was a total of 47 EMR specimens obtained, with a median of 6 (IQR 5–9) EMR resection pieces per patient, of which 36 (77 %) contained LGD, 8 (17 %) high grade dysplasia (HGD), 2 (4 %) non-dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus (NDBE), and 1 (2 %) contained early esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).
Conclusion DEVLB is a distinct phenotype seen in a small but significant proportion of individuals with dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus. Patients with DEVLB have widespread LGD, with many having areas of focal HGD or early cancer within this area. We believe these patients are best treated with extensive EMR of the visibly abnormal area.
Differentielle Betrachtung des Zusammenhangs von therapeutischer
Beziehung und Therapieerfolg in einem tagesklinischen
Versorgungssetting
Authors: Beiling Peter , Schmidt Ruth , Höfler Michael , Keller Andrea , Weidner Kerstin , Noack René 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die therapeutische Beziehung gilt als bedeutsamer und
empirisch gut gesicherter Einflussfaktor auf den Psychotherapieerfolg. Ziel
der vorliegenden Studie war es, diesen Effekt anhand einer großen
tagesklinischen Stichprobe zu replizieren sowie verschiedene
Einschätzungsbereiche der therapeutischen Beziehung in einer
Extremgruppe besonders niedriger Beziehungszufriedenheit gesondert zu
betrachten.
Methodik Es erfolgte eine longitudinale Betrachtung von n=809
Patienten (MW=34,32; SD=10,7; 72,6% weiblich) in
einem tagesklinischen Versorgungssetting. Der Zusammenhang von
therapeutischer Beziehung (Helping Alliance Questionnaire; HAQ-S) in der
dritten Behandlungswoche und Therapieerfolg (Brief Symptom Inventory-18;
BSI-18) wurde mittels multipler Regressionanalysen berechnet. Dies erfolgte
sowohl für die Gesamtstichprobe, als auch die Extremgruppe des
unteren Dezils der Fälle mit der geringsten Beziehungszufriedenheit
sowie der übrigen 90 % der Fälle. Hierbei wurde
zwischen Beziehungs- und Erfolgszufriedenheit als Subskalen des HAQ
differenziert.
Ergebnisse Die therapeutische Beziehung nach 3 Wochen war ein
signifikanter Prädiktor von Therapieerfolg. In der Extremgruppe des
Dezils mit der initial niedrigsten Beziehungszufriedenheit zeigte sich
dieser Zusammenhang als statistisch signifikant und stark, jedoch aufgrund
des breiten Konfidenzintervalls nicht praktikabel zur Prädiktion
individueller Fälle (β=0,622; 95% KI [0,051;
1,095]). Dagegen ergab sich für die übrigen 90% der
Fälle für die Beziehungszufriedenheit keine über die
Aufklärung durch die Erfolgszufriedenheit (β=0,244;
95% KI [0,176; 0,391]) hinausgehende Varianzaufklärung beim
Therapieerfolg.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Bedeutung des
Wirkfaktors der therapeutischen Beziehung auch in einem tagesklinischen
Setting. Der Beziehungszufriedenheit kommt nur in der Extremgruppe besonders
unzufriedener Patienten eine zentrale, andere Faktoren übersteigende
Bedeutung in der Prädiktion des Therapieerfolges zu.
Schlussfolgerung Die Sicherstellung einer zumindest ausreichend guten
therapeutischen Beziehung ist von großer Bedeutung und Bedarf daher
der frühzeitigen Identifizierung und gegebenenfalls Intervention bei
besonders ungünstig verlaufender therapeutischer Beziehung.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Thyroid Hormone Transporter Genes
MCT8, MCT10 and Deiodinase DIO2 Contribute to Inter-Individual Variance of
Executive Functions and Personality Traits
Authors: Uter Jan Christoph , Krämer Ulrike M. , Schöls Ludger , Rodriguez-Fornells Antoni , Göbel Anna , Heldmann Marcus , Lichtner Peter , Brabant Georg , Münte Thomas F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThyroid hormones are modulators of cognitive functions, and changes in hormone
levels affect intelligence, memory, attention and executive function. Single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of transporter proteins MCT8, MCT10 and
deiodinase 2 (DIO2) influence thyroid metabolism and could therefore contribute
to inter-individual variance of cognitive functions. This study investigates the
influence of these SNPs using an extensive neuropsychological test battery. 656
healthy participants aged 18–39 years were genotyped for four SNPs: MCT8
(rs5937843 and rs6647476), MCT10 (rs14399) and DIO2 (rs225014) and underwent
eleven different neuropsychological tests as well as four personality
questionnaires. Test results were compared between homo- and heterozygous
carriers and for the X-linked MCT8 additionally between men and women.
Personality questionnaires revealed that Risk Seeking was reduced in homozygous
T carriers and highest in homozygous C carriers of the DIO2 SNP and that both
polymorphisms of MCT8 had an additive effect on Physical Aggression in men.
Neuropsychological testing indicated that MCT10 affects nonverbal reasoning
abilities, DIO2 influences working memory and verbal fluency and MCT8 influences
attention, alertness and planning. This pilot study suggests an influence of
polymorphisms in thyroid hormone transporter genes and deiodinase on cognitive
domains and personality traits.
Bottom-Up Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Liu Junzhi , Feng Xinliang 
Published: December 2019

Bottom-up organic synthesis serves as an efficient method to provide atomically precise heteroatom-doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with not only well-defined size and edge structures but also specific concentrations and positions of the heteroatoms. We provide a plenary account of the preparation of nitrogen-doped PAHs (N-PAHs) through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between different dipolarophiles, as well as pyrazine-type N-doped diaza-hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (diaza-HBC). Additionally, we present the synthesis of a class of helical N-charged PAHs, including one charged aza[5]helicene and two charged aza[4]helicenes. Moreover, the bottom-up organic synthesis strategy is further extended to the construction of novel nitrogen-boron-nitrogen (NBN)-containing PAHs. Finally, we discuss the synthesis of four-coordinate boron chromophores containing 6,12,18-tris(alkyl amine)-5,11,17-triazatrinaphthylene derivative ligands.1	Introduction2	Nitrogen-Doped PAHs Based on Dibenzo-9a-azaphenalene (DBAP)3	Cationic Nitrogen-Doped Helical PAHs4	Nitrogen–Boron–Nitrogen-Doped PAHs5	Conclusion and Outlook