bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Emission Reduction Benefits of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Hu CX , Li TR 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The increasing environmental and energy issues have made the promotion and use of electric vehicles an important measure to respond to energy conservation and emission reduction. This paper considers two different types of electric vehicle emission reduction measures: the emission reduction achieved by electric vehicles instead of fuel locomotives and the total reduction of V2G(Vehicle-to-Grid) peak-shaving. On this basis, this paper uses the typical monetary value method of carbon emission to convert carbon emission reduction from weight to monetary level, which is more suitable for the assessment of energy transformation and benefit comparison. Finally, we verify the emission reduction potential of electric vehicles when the grid factor adopts the BM algorithm.
Bi-level Programming of Park Energy Internet Considering Economy and Security
Authors: Suchun FAN , Zhang Yongjun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Park energy Internet is an important research and development direction catering to the requirements of energy sustainability. In this paper, a typical structure of park energy Internet and models of several energy equipment are built. Multiple evaluation indexes including overall energy utilization rate, overall energy self-sufficiency rate and energy shortage expectation are proposed. Based on this, a bilevel programming model of park energy Internet considering economy and security is proposed. Further, a hybrid solving strategy of cataclysmic genetic algorithm and CPLEX solver is used to reduce the time of solution and improve the convergence. Finally, it is proved that the proposed method can meet the requirements of the economy and security of the system as well as the energy sustainability.
A New Method of Detecting Hot Spots in PV Generation System Utilizing AI
Authors: Itako K , Alhabib A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) Generation system is one of the easiest green energy systems to generate small amounts of energy as in houses or for large amounts as in fields. Although PV generation system does not burn fuel for power generation, it does still faces some problems regarding heat. One of these problems are called Hotspots. Hotspot is an increase of the cell`s heat in certain conditions and positions. In some cases, the heat can even start a fire. In this study, we propose a new method to detect this hotspot phenomenon in an early stage. The proposed method utilizes Artificial Intelligence (AI) as the main detection system. In fact, we were able to detect the hotspot with an accuracy of 82.25% using only two parameters, string current and string voltage. This system is a secondary system to be used with the main control system. The output will be a flag sent to the main controlling system. Making this system a secondary one, makes it easier to apply in already built PV fields. In near future, the detection of other deficiencies is going to be a major task for this system.
Influence of Freezing Treatment on the Thermal Runaway Characteristics of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Wweng J , Ouyang D X , Chen MY , Ding C , Wang J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Owing to increasing applications of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), it is worth investigating the thermal runaway (TR) behaviors of LIBs under extreme conditions such as flash freezing, which has been proposed as a feasible way for LIB transportation or storage. In this study, a series of experiments was conducted to explore and compare the TR behaviors of batteries with and without freezing treatment. According to the results, the batteries after freezing treatment exhibited a faster temperature rise, and the onset time of TR (t) was shortened. For example, t was 277.2 s in the blank test, whereas for the battery after 72 h freezing, t was 250.2 s. Moreover, the microstructure comparison on the internal electrode materials after TR showed that freezing treatment aggravated the agglomeration and clustering of them. Additionally, we recommend storing LIBs with a lower state of charge (SOC) even in freezing or extreme-cold conditions.
Combustion Performance of Pterocarpus indicus Leaves Wastes Briquette with Rejected Papaya as Binding Agent
Authors: Anggono Willyanto , Sutrisno  , Suprianto Fandi D. , Yulio Arifin F.X. , Jeremy Gotama Gabriel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Pterocarpus indicus is a plant commonly found in Indonesia and it produces wastes from its leaves falling. Earlier investigation indicated that transforming these leaves into briquette could clean them and provide a new source of energy. However, the use of tapioca as binding agent in the previous study may be criticized for affecting the food availability as it is edible. To solve this issue, tapioca is substituted with rejected papaya. The briquette was then investigated to find out the best manufacturing parameters and its viability as a sustainable fuel. The optimum ratio of Ptercarpus indicus leaves waste and rejected papaya, which yield calorific value of 4338.79 Kcal/kg, is found to be 95% and 5%, respectively. Proximate and ultimate analyses corroborate the use of this briquette. Investigation of four combustion parameters (ignition time, flame temperature, combustion rate, and burning time) indicates that the best briquette is manufactured with biomass of 60 mesh size or 250 urn and compacted with hydraulic pressure of 2 MPa.
Water-Retention Properties of Pavement Ceramics Prepared From Mixtures of Waste Diatomite and Light Emitting Diode Quartz Sand
Authors: Lin Kae-Long , Lo Kang-Wei , Lin Ya-Wen , Cheng Ta-Wui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study investigated and analyzed the effects of the heating temperature (1,000°C-1,200°C), sintering time (6 hours), and content by weight (0-20%) of diatomite waste blended with a percentage of light emitting diode quartz sand (LEDQS) waste on fabricating water-retention pavement ceramics (WRPC). The results indicated that decreasing the heating temperature and amounts of the LEDQS resulted in an increase in the porosity. Increasing the heating temperature and amounts of the LEDQS waste resulted in the WRPC samples having increased compressive strengths (3.37-20.02 MPa). When amounts of up to 20% LEDQS were added to the WRPC samples heated to 1,200°C, the driving force was higher, and the crystal growth rate increased. Therefore, it is to be expected that densification will increase with increasing temperatures. It was found that the t
1/2 values of the WRPC samples increased when the percentage of added LEDQS was increased. In summary, the WRPC samples containing LEDQS have excellent mechanical properties, making them feasible for use in WRPC applications.
Evaluating the Effects of Watershed Subdivision on Hydrological Simulation by Swat Model in an Arctic Watershed
Authors: Bui M T , Lu J , Nie L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The hydrological model SWAT is a state-of-the-art tool for environmental and water resources management. Like other semi-distributed models, the whole river basin in the SWAT model is delineated into smaller sub-basins prior to conducting the simulation. Watershed delineation is an importance step since it could potentially influence the modelling results. The present study aimed to conducte an investigation of the effects of watershed delineation schemes on hydrological simulation in an Arctic watershed Målselv, north of Norway. Four delineation schemes were set up with different threshold drainage area (TDA) from fine to coarse including 100 ha, 2,000 ha, 5,000 ha and 10,000 ha. The model was run on monthly time step from 1979-2012. The results showed higher variation of average annual precipitation and runoff especially in the upstream sections of the watershed by the fine TDA schemes compared to the coarse ones. The average monthly precipitation and runoff slightly increased from the finest TDA scheme to the coarsest scheme. All TDA schemes reproduced the observed tendency of the average monthly and annual streamflow although the peak flow was over and under estimated at different hydro-gauging stations. The higher value of estimated streamflow was found at the coarsest scheme.
Public Risk Perception and Response to Air Pollution
Authors: Hsu Kuo-Wei , Ting Pin-Hsuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In recent years, as people pay more and more attention to environmental quality, many environmental problems have gradually become the focus of people’s concern, especially those with greater risks. Air pollution is one of the major risk factors of death worldwide and is also the cause of the increased risk of chronic diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to understand the correlation between factors affecting air pollution risk perception and the level of risk perception, and whether they can affect coping behaviour. The results showed that among the demographic variables, only marital status and average monthly income were correlated with air pollution risk perception. In addition, the public satisfaction with the air pollution to the air of the negative correlation between perceived risk, and air pollution information knowledge and the positive correlation between perceived risk of air pollution, can confirm air satisfaction and understanding information about air pollution caused by the risk perception of people have a certain influence, and in the case of the higher the risk perception could prompt them to take more coping behaviour, such as wearing a mask, avoid being outdoors for a long time, and so on.
Effects of Air Pollution and Measures to Improve City Community’s Health
Authors: Tan Hoi Huynh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The air quality in Ho Chi Minh City is deteriorating due to the increase in population, personal transport, industrial parks and emissions from residential areas and a few other factors and as a result, these things affect human health quite seriously. However, studies on effects of air pollution on people’s health here are still quite few. This paper will analyze the overall situation of pollution in this city, and based on previous research, we will have an overview as well as assess the health impact of the air pollution. The paper also discusses the mutual relationships between researchers and policy makers in monitoring air quality and protecting human health. From comparisons with other countries, a number of proposals were discussed to assess the risk of pollution and the enhancement of research as well as possible policies to improve the health of the citizens in the city.
Preliminary Study of Abundance and Characteristics of Microplastics on Beach Sediment along the Coast of Rayong Province, Thailand
Authors: Prarat P , Thanayotmethi T , Sriboonyapirat T , Donsomchit P , Hongsawat P , Chouychai B 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study concentrates on the beach sediment collected at Suchada (SD), Saeng Chan (SC) and Laem Charoen (LM) beaches in the Rayong province of Eastern Thailand. The samples were collected for a preliminary investigation for microplastic contamination. A total of 18 samples were taken parallel with the shoreline at the depth of 5 centimetres. They were collected between the months of August to September 2019. Density separation, microscopic inspection and ATR-FTIR analysis were conducted to analyze the characteristics of microplastics and the type of polymers. The average concentration of microplastics on three beaches was 568.33 ± 153.05 items per kilogram of dry weight. Based on the categorization according to shape, colour, and size, microfibers accounted for a dominant proportion of microplastics. Blue ( > 45%) and 1,000-5,000 µm particle sizes were the most prevalent microplastics in SC and LM beaches, while red (43%) colour and small microplastics (100-500 µm) were the dominant proportion in SD beach. ATR-FTIR analysis determined that the polymers found in microplastic were polypropylene, polyethylene, low-density polyethylene and cellophane.These results indicated that land-based sources also those including tourism activities, fishery activities, river, and sewage discharge from industrial and urban communities are most likely the main source of microplastics in beach sediment along the coast of Rayong province.
Combining Transit-Oriented Development and Urban Agriculture Strategy on Constructing Urban Environment Sustainability, the Case of Taiyuan railway station, Taichung, Taiwan
Authors: Hsu K W , Chao NA , Hong P L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Continuously increase urban population and urban spatial sprawl, under limited land development and urbanization, implementing Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) to improve urban spatial environment has become crucial on Taiwan’s urban sustainability and development plan. According to literature research, introducing urban spatial planning into urban agricultural approach, can increase urban green coverage ratio and reinforce green network. This study will depict urban agricultural development approach with the implementation of TOD planning method on Taiwan Taichung Taiyuan train station as planning site, using Taichung urban planning and development plan guidelines, in accordance to TOD core development merging urban agriculture development approach to reinforce TOD planning detail in order to achieve the urban environmental sustainability.
Detection of Land Cover Changes before and after the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan Using Remote Sensing for Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
Authors: Iwasaki Yoichiro , Tamaki Tomoko , Murata Kouhei , Koga Ariya , Fujimoto Kuniaki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The land cover changes before and after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake in Japan are detected using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) calculated from satellite Sentinel-2A/2B images, and the methods and contents are described in this paper. The land cover change areas matched well with Google Map (aerial photographs), a high resolution latest map. In addition, the some areas where land cover changes spread over time were investigated by ground truths, and we have found that their cause is restoration works. To evaluate environmental impacts, we investigated the populations of the trapdoor spiders Heptathela higoensis in three study sites in the Aso area and Ozu Town in Kumamoto Prefecture. It is thought that the soil animal such as this spider receives the influence of the land cover changes directly. It is suggested that the changes of the spider populations can become an index to grasp the environmental changes before and after the earthquake quantitatively. The locations of the restoration works will not return to areas with high groundwater recharge capacity such as grasslands. If such restoration works spread, the people lived in the Aso and Kumamoto areas in Kumamoto Prefecture that rely on groundwater will have a serious problem in the future.
Effect of Intermittent Negative Ventilation in Biodrying Process for Treating Pre-Shredded Waste
Authors: Panida P , Towprayoon S , Chiemchaisri C , Patumsawad S , Wangyao K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A pre-shredded waste with 49.4% of moisture content from a municipality in Thailand was treated in biodrying lysimeters with intermittent negative ventilation at the rate of 0.5 m3/kgwaste/day. Two air patterns were set with an interval of 30 min run/30 min stop (T1) and 30 min run/60 min stop (T2) and ran for seven days. The highest temperature was found in T2 at about 68.3 °C. The degradation of degradable materials was at 3.49% and 2.9% in T2 and T1, respectively. In T2, the weight could be reduced from 90 kg to 79.9 kg, corresponding to 11.2% of weight reduction. After seven days, moisture content and the heating value was in acceptable requirement of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) for local cement plants. The highest moisture removal was presented in T2 which can reduce the moisture content of 58.24% and the heating value was increased of 42.75% from initial heating value. Based on the local RDF requirement, it could be concluded that T2 is the best performance in this study with 20.63% of final moisture content and 17,719 kJ/kg of heating value.
Structural, surface and optical properties of nanoalumina produced by various ways
Authors: Syzrantsev V V , Larina T V , Abzaev Yu A , Paukstis E A , Kostyukov A I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Start The compared study of the properties of liquid-phase and electric explosion alumina nanoparticles was made. The X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that these nanoparticles remain in amorphous and semi-amorphous states. The complete structural information of Al2O3 nanoparticles was obtained as a result of the full-profile refinement of their model phase parameters. The parameters of the unit cells, spatial distribution of atoms, and occupancy of nodes were also determined.The data of IR spectra of surface OH groups and adsorbed CO revealed that the surface imperfection of an electric explosive sample is lower than that obtained using the liquid-phase method. Using photoluminescent spectroscopy, impurities of Cr3+, Mn4+ and Ti3+ in the octahedral oxygen coordination and Fe3+ in the tetrahedral oxygen coordination were detected. It was observed that the concentration of these impurities was significantly higher in the electric explosion sample. Using UV-Vis DR spectroscopy, it was found that the liquid-phase sample was amorphous, and the electric explosive sample was well crystallized and most probably consisted of 2D and 3D nanostructures.
Electrophysical properties of Janus-like silver nanoparticles
Authors: Nomoev A , Chimytov T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of an experimental study of the electrophysical properties of Janus-like silver nanoparticles Ag/Si. The distribution of the electric potential of silver nanoparticles was obtained using atomic force microscopy using the Kelvin probe method. The electrical capacity of the particles is estimated.
Smart Catcher of weighted Objects
Authors: Mothukuri Radha , Raju Dr. S. Hrushikesava , Dorababu S. , Waris Saiyed Faiayaz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
At present, there is no solution whenever a live person or live animal was fallen from a building or from a high tower. To safeguard the live person, an IoT based adapter to be built whose purpose is to catch the object when a heavy movement is detected in the air. Any building from which a weighted object is dropped, that can be caught by netted sculpt that can get information from the proposed IoT based adapter fixed at someplace at the side view of the building. The components of this smart catcher are catcher device as IoT based adapter in which accurate position is predicted, netted wire with a built-in chip that takes location from the previous module, and catch the weighted object by the netted wire that can be directed by the built-in chip of it, and brings that object to the ground. Hence, the proposed methodology is the interconnection of networked devices that will communicate with each other in order to save the lives or any object that gets dropped from someplace of the high building. Its main advantage is eco-friendly nature and the latest technology adapted to figure out to catch the object that was falling from a remote high place. The sensors of the IoT-based adapter will scan and works to catch whenever the movement of the weighted object is detected. That sensed information to be sent to the chip of netted wire and netted wire will point to an accurate location to catch the object. The result is stored in a report that could be communicated to the nearest office.
Smart Gas Monitoring System for Home and Industries
Authors: Kavitha Modepalli , Raju Dr. S. Hrushikesava , Waris Saiyed Faiayaz , Koulagaji Dr. Ashok 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, gas industries or gas cylinders in a home will experience gas leakages because of human negligence or other external conditions and lack of patience. Due to disaster to be raised by such cases, the demolition happened is unpredictable. To predict the disaster in advance, then alternatives could be taken to avoid such cases. In this paper, an IoT device is designed that will detect gas leakages and the status of the gas to be known whenever cut off is specified by the user. The proposed IoT methodology for knowing the status of the gas summary is demonstrated using the specific use cases. The proposed IoT to be installed through a manual approach or virtual approach is depending on the consumer interest. There were many instances experiencing the many people to become victims of this and also the environment to be also spoiled and it takes more time to purify the infected environment or to bring the affected environment to a normal level. It is demanded nowadays to predict future disasters using G-IoT. In G-IoT, the components whenever meet less than the cut off values, will notify the report to the main center and authorized user. The V-IoT is also used to monitor outer environments like gas pipeline and its conditions. If the resources are supplied at the time of installation of setup and detected whenever a specific component becomes shortage, the automatic approach takes place and will start filling that specific component with required according to manual recording.
Computer vision based fatigue detection using facial parameters
Authors: Balasundaram A , Ashokkumar S , Kothandaraman D , kora SeenaNaik , Sudarshan E , Harshaverdhan A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Human face is a clear indicator of the fatigue and tiredness experienced by an individual. There may be many cues that can be derived through the analysis of facial parameters which clearly indicate the tiredness. Most of us feel the fatigue and tiredness but at the same time ignore it due to want of time to complete a task or necessity to complete an important work. However there can be instances when this fatigue may turn fatal. Hence an automated system that can easily predict the fatigue becomes the need of the hour. This work is focussed towards developing an automated application that can detect fatigue by analysing various facial parameters. This work uses Computer Vision and has been implemented using Python programming. The result shows good prediction accuracy when it comes to fatigue prediction using facial parameters.
An Interactive Clustered base Recommender system for effective Social Data Analysis
Authors: Kumar Dr. K. Kiran , Kiran Dr. T. Srinivasa Ravi , Kumar Dr. M. Ramesh , Aruna Sri P. S. G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Providing or proposing appropriate material based on the essence of expertise is the most important and checking topic in recommender schemes. While collaborative filtering (CF) is one of the most visible and well documented procedures used for recommender schemes, we suggest another clustering-based CF (CBCF) technique using an incentivized / penalised user (IPU) model only with the appraisals provided by users, which is therefore easy to actualize. We aim to build this fundamental clustering technique without prior data and at the same time improve the consistency of the recommendation. Towards being real, CBCF and an IPU model are inspired by enhanced suggestion execution by cautiously misusing different tendencies among consumers, such as consistency, recall and an F1 scoring. In specific, we are speaking of a convincing enhancement topic in which we aim to extend the recall (or F1 score comparably) for a certain accuracy. For this reason, users are divided through a few clusters depending on the real data assessment and coefficient of Pearson correlation. Some time since, we are both encouraging in a common category by the tendency for interest by the customers. The test results indicate a tremendous change in the pattern of the CF tract without clustering the reminder or F1 score for certain accuracy.