bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinarity revisited: evidence for research impact and dynamism
Authors: Okamura Keisuke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAddressing many of the world’s contemporary challenges requires a multifaceted and integrated approach, and interdisciplinary research (IDR) has become increasingly central to both academic interest and government science policies. Although higher interdisciplinarity is then often assumed to be associated with higher research impact, there has been little solid scientific evidence supporting this assumption. Here, we provide verifiable evidence that interdisciplinarity is statistically significantly and positively associated with research impact by focusing on highly cited paper clusters known as the research fronts (RFs). Interdisciplinarity is uniquely operationalised as the effective number of distinct disciplines involved in the RF, computed from the relative abundance of disciplines and the affinity between disciplines, where all natural sciences are classified into eight disciplines. The result of a multiple regression analysis (n = 2,560) showed that an increase by one in the effective number of disciplines was associated with an approximately 20% increase in the research impact, which was defined as a field-normalised citation-based measure. A new visualisation technique was then applied to identify the research areas in which high-impact IDR is underway and to investigate its evolution over time and across disciplines. Collectively, this work establishes a new framework for understanding the nature and dynamism of IDR in relation to existing disciplines and its relevance to science policymaking.
Challenging battles of plants with phloem-feeding insects and prokaryotic pathogens
Authors: Jiang Yanjuan , Zhang Chuan-Xi , Chen Rongzhi , He Sheng Yang 
Published: November 2019

Significance
Piercing-sucking insects and phloem-inhabiting prokaryotic pathogens contribute to some of the world’s most disastrous crop losses, including those caused by the brown plant hopper in rice or citrus greening in citrus. For historic and technical reasons, our knowledge of phloem–insect/pathogen interactions remains fragmentary. We highlight recent progress and areas of deficiency in the study of phloem-associated prokaryotic pathogens and insects. Increased efforts are needed to make major advances in this historically understudied area of research.
Covariant BSSN formulation in bimetric relativity
Authors: Torsello Francesco , Kocic Mikica , Högås Marcus , Mörtsell Edvard 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Numerical integration of the field equations in bimetric relativity is necessary to obtain solutions describing realistic systems. Thus, it is crucial to recast the equations as a well-posed problem. In general relativity, under certain assumptions, the covariant BSSN formulation is a strongly hyperbolic formulation of the Einstein equations, hence its Cauchy problem is well-posed. In this paper, we establish the covariant BSSN formulation of the bimetric field equations. It shares many features with the corresponding formulation in general relativity, but there are a few fundamental differences between them. Some of these differences depend on the gauge choice and alter the hyperbolic structure of the system of partial differential equations compared to general relativity. Accordingly, the strong hyperbolicity of the system cannot be claimed yet, under the same assumptions as in general relativity. In the paper, we stress the differences compared with general relativity and state the main issues that should be tackled next, to draw a roadmap towards numerical bimetric relativity.
Quantum confined Rydberg excitons in reduced dimensions
Authors: Konzelmann Annika , Frank Bettina , Giessen Harald 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper we propose first steps towards calculating the energy shifts of confined Rydberg excitons in

Cu

2

O

quantum wells, wires, and dots. The macroscopic size of Rydberg excitons with high quantum numbers

n

implies that already μm sized lamellar, wire-like, or box-like structures lead to quantum size effects, which depend on the principal Rydberg quantum number

n
.

Such structures can be fabricated using focused ion beam milling of cuprite crystals. Quantum confinement causes an energy shift of the confined object, which is interesting for quantum technology. We find in our calculations that the Rydberg excitons gain a potential energy in the μeV to meV range due to the quantum confinement. This effect is dependent on the Rydberg exciton size and, thus, the principal quantum number

n
.

The calculated energy shifts in the μeV to meV energy range should be experimentally accessible and detectable.
Progress of physics understanding for long pulse high-performance plasmas on EAST towards the steady-state operation of ITER and CFETR
Authors: Huang J , Gong X , Garofalo A M , Qian J , Chen J , Wu M , Li M , Yuan Q , Wang L , Pan C , Lin X , Yang Q , Ekedahl A , Maingi R , Holcomb C T , Li E , Zeng L , Zhang B , Chang J F , Zhang X J , Goniche M , Peysson Y , Zhu X , Sun Y , Xu G , Zang Q , Zhang L , Liu H , Lyu B , Ding R , Ren Q , Ding B , Guo W , Ding S , Xiang N , Liang Y , Liu F , Zhao Y , Xiao B , Hu J , Hu C , Hu L , Gao X , Fu P , Song Y , Zhang X D , Chan V , Li J , Wan B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recently, the first ever 100 s long, steady-state H-mode discharge with good control of impurities, core and edge MHD stabilities, and heat exhaust was demonstrated in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) using the ITER-like (International Tokamak Experimental Reactor) tungsten upper divertor. Using both radio frequency (RF) power and neutral beam injection (NBI) heating, EAST has demonstrated fully non-inductive scenarios with an extension of fusion performance at high density and low rotation: β
P ∼ 2.5, β
N ∼ 2.0, H98,y2 ∼ 1.2, bootstrap current fraction fBS ∼50% at q95 ∼ 6.8. With pure RF power heating, plasmas have been maintained for up to 21 s (over 40 times the current relaxation time) with zero loop voltage and small edge localized modes (ELMs) at high density (ne/nGW ∼ 0.6–0.8), β
P ∼ 2.0, β
N ∼ 1.6, and ƒBS ∼47%. Experimental investigations show how plasma current profiles, turbulent transport and radiation properties self-consistently evolve toward fusion relevant steady state conditions. Modeling and physics experiments have confirmed the synergistic effects between electron cyclotron heating (ECH) and low hybrid wave (LHW), where ECH enhances the heating and current drive from LHW injection, enabling fully non-inductive operation at higher density. Small/no ELMs facilitate the RF power coupling in the H-mode phase and reduce divertor erosion. A low tungsten concentration was observed at high β
P with a hollow profile in the core. Reduction of the peak divertor heat flux with f
rad of up to 40% was compatible with the high β
P scenario by using active radiation feedback control. With features such as dominant electron heating, zero/low NBI torque and an ITER-like tungsten divertor, fully non-inductive high-performance experiments on EAST offer unique contributions towards the succesful operation of ITER and CFETR (the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor).
Computational Analysis of Fluid Behaviour Around Airfoil With Navier-Stokes Equation
Authors: Tulus  , Khairani C , Marpaung T.J. , Suriati  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A study of the development models and shapes of aircrafts component that undergo refinement process over time, must go through the analysis phase. The analysis can be solved by computation method which is supported by the development of numerical method. One important component of aircraft is airfoil. Airfoil is a part that influences the lifting force on the wing of the aircraft. Therefore, in this study should be conducted a study of three different forms of airfoil, about the behaviour of the fluid flow around it, numerically. The approach to fluid flow behaviour can be done using the Navier-Stokes equation. The airflow velocity around the airfoil is the fluid flow behaviour to be analysed, so the numerical solution can be obtained through Finite Element Method (FEM), then it is simulated with COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2a software. Thus, the simulation results will show the interrelations between the angle of attack (α) which varies with the maximum velocity distribution on each airfoil surface, and can be seen the most stable maximum velocity distribution among the three airfoil forms.
Comparison of Waves Reduction by Mangrove Avicennia Marina in East Lampung and Indah Kapuk Beach, Indonesia
Authors: Herison A , Bengen D G , Romdania Y , Kurniawati R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Mangrove Avicennia Marina has important role in wave reduction. The purpose of this research were: (1) To know wave energy ratio in Indah Kapuk Beach and East Lampung Regency, Indonesia. (2) To know the influence of Avicennia Marina mangrove’s respiratory roots on wave energy reduction. Measurement of wave in Indah Kapuk Beach used SBE26, in East Lampung used SBE26 and RBRDUO TD. Parameters were the structure of mangrove vegetation and wave energy reduction. The wave observed in Indah Kapuk Beach tends to be smaller than in East Lampung, so the influence of respiratory root in reducing wave in Indah Kapuk Beach was less visible while the influence of respiratory root in East Lampung was more clearly seen. The muffled wave in the Indah Kapuk Beach research was less visible due to the presence of inhibitors obstructing the incoming waves, while the reduced wave was more clearly measured in the study in East Lampung because without an inhibitors of wave coming.
Estimation of Settlement Induced Land Subsidence of Marine Clay on Kamal Muara Area, Northern Jakarta, Based on the Change of Pore Water Pressure
Authors: Taqwa F M L , Hutabarat L E , Ilyas T , Prakoso W A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Land subsidence phenomena which occurred in last 30 years in Jakarta affected by groundwater extraction, settlement of high compressibility soil such as marine clay, natural consolidation of alluvial soil or tectonic subsidence. Over the period of 1982–1997, the subsidence occurred from 20 to 200 cm, with the rates of about 1 to 15 cm/year, in several places. This paper discusses settlement induced land subsidence of shallow marine clay deposits on Kamal Muara area, based on the pore water pressure changes based on the piezometer’s measurement located at 19 meters and 32 meters depth. Consolidation parameters (Cv and Cc) tested by cyclic load consolidation test. The estimation of on-site land subsidence is performed using the Terzaghi’s 1-D consolidation theory and the secondary compression theory. Ranges of estimated values, as well as their relevant statistical properties, were identified. The results shown as follow: Without water extraction, settlement on soil layer #1 and #2 estimated as 0.647 meters and 0.305 meters respectively, with average subsidence rate is 9.832 cm/year and 1.07 cm/year. Total settlement estimated as 1.01 meters, with average subsidence rate is 5.07 – 5.42 cm/year. With water extraction, settlement on soil layer #1 and #2 estimated as 0.658 meters and 0.395 meters respectively, with average subsidence rate is 10.005 cm/year and 31.88 cm/year. The subsidence on Kamal Muara estimated as 0.68 – 1.05 meters, with subsidence rate 5 – 20.9 cm/year. The results placed on the lower range of field geodetical measurements, due to specific values of surface load and pore water measurement on Kamal Muara is used specifically.
The Analysis of Modified of Cakar Ayam (CAM) Designed with Concrete Plate Thickness Variation in Soft Soil
Authors: Jannah A , Setiawan B , Djarwanti N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Modified of Cakar Ayam System (CAM) is a system that uses galvanized steel pipes as stiffener plate. This system had been implemented on the trial road of Pamanukan-Indramayu, Indonesia. Many advantages are obtained from the use of this system, for example reduction on deflection, durability, and application on road pavement. Full scale trials had been conducted in Indonesia, for the examples, the Waru-Surabaya Highway and Section IV Highway, Makassar. Despite this system is widely used but there are still many problems occur such as deflection and crack due to less plate thickness. This research will discuss about the deflection, moment and shear force of plate model on soft base ground using Finite Element Method (FEM). The system configurations for concrete plate applied in this research were 7.25 m in width and 14.0 m in length with thickness was varied by 0.15 m, 0.18 m and 0.22 m using 21 cakars. The loads represented semi-trailer truck loading with the weight of each axle propagated into 2 equal uniform loads. The position of test loading points were made in several variations to determine the largest deflection value. If the plate got thicker then, its stiffness value would increase and the deflection accorded smaller result. By using CAM System, cakar could function as a load restraint and plate grip. The stiffness of the plate would increase when the plate was applied with the CAM System and could reduce deflection by 2.74% to 39.77%. On the effect on the moment and shear force, it was found that the thicker the plate, the greater the moment and shear force value obtained. The difference in the value of the moment obtained from the comparison between the plate using the CAM System and the plate without the CAM System was 0.23% to 1.60%, while for shear force values, the difference was 7.56% to 11.19%.
Sensitivity Analysis of Soil Parameters on Slope Stability using Simplified Bishop Method (Case Study in Grobogan, Central Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Surjandari N S , Riyadinata F D , Purwana Y M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Slope instability can occur due to the influence of soil parameter values. The value of soil parameters is a random phenomenon that is uncertain and tends to a certain range. This study attempts to analyze the sensitivity of soil parameters on a slope with a height of 6 m. Sensitivity analysis includes several ranges of soil parameter data based on the Soil Investigation Report in Grobogan, Central Java, Indonesia. Slope failure is based on Mohr-Coulomb theory and slope stability analysis using simplified Bishop method. The analysis will produce how much influence from the variation of soil parameter values to the safety factor on the slope. The results of the influence of the variation of parameter values are recapitulated and processed, so that the sensitivity percent of each soil parameter is obtained against the safety factor of slopes. The results showed that the most sensitive soil parameters were soil cohesion.
Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation using Gaussian Filter
Authors: Maison  , Lestari T , Luthfi A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Retinal diseases are a visual disorder that can cause human vision problems, such as blindness and low vision. Early detection of this disease is important to prevent visual impairment. In ophthalmology, segmentation of blood vessels is a major component of color retinal fundus images analysis for monitoring and diagnosing retinal diseases, like diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and arteriosclerotic. This process is effective to identify retinal diseases more accurately. This paper using Gaussian Filter to segmenting blood vessel on retinal images because this method is effective to remove noise and make blood vessels on images more clearly. These methods are applied to color fundus images from DRIVE database. These databases contain color fundus image are used to evaluate this method. The performance is evaluated by accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The proposed method has the average of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity at 95.72%, 96.90% and 82.10%.
Herd vaccination threshold for rabies disease with fuzzy transmission coefficient
Authors: Wiraningsih E D , Amarti Z , Supriatna A K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper considers a deterministic model for the transmission dynamics of rabies virus in the wild dogs-human zoonotic cycle. The endemic equilibrium is found and its existence depends on the value of the basic reproduction number. The effect of vaccination in dogs is considered on the model. We then also present the effective reproduction number in the presence of the vaccination. Further we developed the formula to obtain the minimum level of the vaccination to eliminate the endemic equilibrium, which is called the herd vaccination threshold. We found the relation between this herd vaccination threshold and the basic reproduction number. The effect of some fuzzy parameters to the herd vaccination threshold is also investigated.
Model Design of Tomato Sorting Machine Based on Artificial Neural Network Method Using Node MCU Version 1.0
Authors: Istiadi A , Sulistiyanti S R , Herlinawati  , Fitriawan H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Tomatoes have different quality and maturity, this is a problem in sorting because it is often wrong on put the grade of tomato marketing and takes a long time in sorting. One solution offered to overcome this problem is a tomato sorting system based on artificial neural network method that can minimizes the sorting time and also places the tomato according to grade. In this research, the model of artificial neural network system backpropagation method on microcontroller NodeMCU Lua version 1.0. The artificial neural network method is used to process the image of tomato objects moving through conveyor in the form of RGB value and captured by color sensor TCS 3200, the image obtained can classify the grade of tomatoes into unripe, half ripe and ripe. This research compared the results of training and testing of artificial neural networks between Matlab R2015a and NodeMCU Lua version 1.0. The outputs or decisions of artificial neural networks will be forwarded to the control system in the form of hardware and software used in this research. The results showed that the tomato sorting model successfully classified the tomato grade, and was able to control motor servo & DC motor automatically based on RGB value with processing time about 5 seconds and error 8.3%.
Effect of Bed Thickness on the Drying Rate of Paddy Rice in an Up-flow Fixed Bed Dryer
Authors: Kumoro A C , Lukiwati D R , Praseptiangga D , Djaeni M , Ratnawati R , Hidayat J P , Utari F D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rice has played its important role as the world’s major source of food for human and animals. In order to sustain the food supply, many efforts have been conducted to increase the production of paddy rice per acre. The management of highly moist paddy rice during the harvesting period for preserving the paddy rice quality, increase in yield and reduce postharvest losses is greatly challenging. Drying process is one of the postharvest technologies for preserving the quality and extending the storage time of paddy rice. Moisture is removed to retard the development of a favorable environment for growth of molds and insects that lead to cause spoilage. In this paper, an experimental work and development of a simple mathematical model in a fixed bed drying of highly moist paddy rice have been conducted. Effect of bed thickness (6 cm to 12 cm) on the paddy rice drying rate was investigated by flowing drying air at 5.5 m/s with 37.45 % relative humidity at 40°C for 10 to 130 minutes. Drying of paddy rice using 8 cm bed thickness for 60 minutes was found to be the best drying condition to obtain acceptable moisture content of paddy rice for safe storage. The proposed non-equilibrium has shown its suitability for predicting the moisture content of paddy rice with variation of height of a fixed bed under unsteady state conditions. The drying rate constant was found to be a logarithmic function of bed thickness.
Prompt active restoration of peatlands substantially reduces climate impact
Authors: Nugent Kelly A , Strachan Ian B , Roulet Nigel T , Strack Maria , Frolking Steve , Helbig Manuel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Restoration of peatlands after peat extraction could be a benefit to the climate system. However a multi-year ecosystem-scale assessment of net carbon (C) sequestration is needed. We investigate the climate impact of active peatland restoration (rewetting and revegetating) using a chronosequence of C gas exchange measurements across post-extraction Canadian peatlands. An atmospheric perturbation model computed the instantaneous change in radiative forcing of CO2 and CH4 emissions/uptake over 500 years. We found that using emission factors specific to an active restoration technique resulted in a radiative forcing reduction of 89% within 20 years compared to IPCC Tier 1 emission factors based on a wide range of rewetting activities. Immediate active restoration achieved a neutral climate impact (excluding C losses in the removed peat) about 155 years earlier than did a 20 year delay in restoration. A management plan that includes prompt active restoration is key to utilizing peatland restoration as a climate change mitigation strategy.
Magnetic and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Characteristics of BaFe11Ti0.5Zn0.5O19 in X Band
Authors: Dedi  , Idayanti Novrita , Kristiantoro Tony , Sudrajat Nanang , Gustinova Arighi , Primadona Indah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Research has been made on BaFe11Ti0.5Zn0.5O19 compound by high energy milling (HEM) with variation of milling t = 2, 8, and 12 hours. This research was conducted to find out the influence of milling time on magnetic and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of BaFe11Ti0.5Zn0.5O19 compound. Materials were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Permagraph C, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). XRD patterns of bulk sample had shown the material forms a single phase BaFe12O19 (Barium hexaferrite). A SEM image of bulk sample shows hexagonal structure. A VNA spectrum obtained from 12 hours milling exhibit the highest electromagnetic wave absorption compared with 2 and 8 hours milling, with 99,19% absorption at frequency 11,7 GHz in X-band. Agglomeration occurs on the sample powder may due to electrostatic force among particles and a SEM image confirmed it. Based on that results, the addition of milling time can improve the electromagnetic wave absorption of BaFe11Ti0,5Zn0,5O19 powder.
Selected Application of Linear Composites Containing Side Emitting Optical Fibres
Authors: Křemenáková Dana , Militký Jiří , Mishra Rajesh , Venkataraman Mohanapriya , Petru Michal 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The main aim of this contribution is description of side emitting plastic optical fibres basic properties and their efficient embedding into fibrous structures for creation of textile structures with active visibility in shadows. For preparation of textile structures containing side emitting plastic optical fibres the special weaving technology is used. Illumination system with light emitting diode (LED) is used as light source. Light intensity of textile structures is compared with light intensity of fibres. Incorporation of side emitting plastic optical fibres into fibrous tube provides sufficient side emission especially for plastic optical fibres with larger diameters. The corresponding technology has been developed and the possible applications were proved in real conditions. The use of side emitting POF in textile tube are still in the first stage of industrial realization and it will be necessary to optimize their composition and functionality for various targeted applications including surface effects, doping and use of special dyestuffs.