bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipocalin 2 as a potential systemic biomarker for central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Matet A. , Jaworski T. , Bousquet E. , Canonica J. , Gobeaux C. , Daruich A. , Zhao M. , Zola M. , Meester-Smoor M. , Mohabati D. , Jaisser F. , Yzer S. , Behar-Cohen F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNo systemic biomarker of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) has been identified. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2 or NGAL), alone or complexed with MMP-9 (NGAL/MMP-9), is increased in several retinal disorders. Serum levels of LCN2 and NGAL/MMP-9 were measured in CSCR patients (n = 147) with chronic (n = 76) or acute/recurrent disease (n = 71) and in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 130). Samples with CRP > 5 mg/L, creatinine > 100 µmol/L, and/or urea > 7.5 mmol/L were excluded. Serum LCN2 was lower in CSCR patients than controls (81.4 ± 48.7 vs 107.3 ± 44.5 ng/ml, p < 0.0001), and lower in acute/recurrent CSCR than controls (p < 0.001) and chronic CSCR (p = 0.006). Serum NGAL/MMP-9 was lower in CSCR patients than controls (47.2 ± 40.7 vs 74.1 ± 42.6, p < 0.0001), and lower in acute/recurrent CSCR than controls (p < 0.001) and chronic CSCR (p = 0.002). A ROC curve showed that for LCN2 serum levels, the 80-ng/ml cutoff value allows to discriminate acute/recurrent CSCR from controls with 80.3% sensitivity and 75.8% specificity, and for NGAL/MMP-9 serum levels, a 38-ng/ml cutoff value allows to discriminate acute/recurrent CSCR from controls with 69.6% sensitivity and 80.3% specificity. In both acute and chronic CSCR, low serum LCN2 and NGAL/MMP-9, provide a biological link between the two CSCR forms, and potential susceptibility to oxidative stress and innate immune dysregulation in CSCR.
The impact of smoking on male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
Authors: Kawahara Takashi , Ito Hiroki , Uemura Hiroji 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are substantially prevalent and increase with age. Research on smoking as a risk factor for LUTS has been inconclusive. The present study examined the association between smoking habits and male LUTS in a population-based study using a web-based questionnaire. We firstly screened a total of 10,000 male participants who were selected according to the age distribution in the Japanese population in government data, in order to check smoking habits. We then performed a web-based survey to further investigate factors associated with LUTS, using the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire. Finally, 9042 participants (non-smokers, n = 3545; ex-smokers, n = 3060; and current-smokers, n = 2437) completed the full continence survey. Current-smokers (2.54 ± 2.73, 1.98 ± 3.57, 5.75 ± 7.02) and ex-smokers (2.80 ± 2.52, 1.81 ± 3.10, 6.58 ± 6.96) showed significantly higher OABSS total, ICIQ-SF total, and IPSS total scores than non-smokers (1.98 ± 2.40, 1.35 ± 2.90, 4.23 + -/6.33) (p: < 0.0001, < 0.0001, < 0.0001, respectively). In comparison to non-smokers, the prevalence of risk ratio for day-time frequency, nocturia, urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), OAB, and IPSS ≥ 8 were 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5, respectively, in current-smokers and 1.3, 1.5, 1.5, 4.5, 1.8 in ex-smokers. The relative risk of OAB, nocturia, UUI, and IPSS ≥ 8 in ex- and current-smokers in comparison to non-smokers was high in the young age groups in comparison to the elderly groups. Current-smokers and ex-smokers showed a higher prevalence of male LUTS. This phenomenon was highly observed in relatively young age groups.
Survival outcome and prognostic factors in anaplastic oligodendroglioma: a single-institution study of 95 cases
Authors: Shin Dong-Won , Lee Seungjoo , Song Sang Woo , Cho Young Hyun , Hong Seok Ho , Kim Jeong Hoon , Kim Ho Sung , Park Ji Eun , Nam Soo Jeong , Kim Young-Hoon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors including surgical, radiographic, and histopathologic analyses in anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) patients. We reviewed the electronic records of 95 patients who underwent surgery and were diagnosed with AO for 20 years. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariable analyses included clinical, histopathological, and radiographic prognostic factors. Subgroup analysis was performed in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2)-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted patients. The median PFS and OS were 24.7 months and 50.8 months, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year PFS were 75.8%, 42.9%, 32.4%, and 16.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS were 98.9%, 76.9%, 42.9%, and 29.7%, respectively. The median PFS and OS of the IDH1/2-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted patients were 54.2 and 57.8 months, respectively. In univariate analyses, young age, frontal lobe, weak enhancement, gross total resection (GTR), low Ki-67 index, 1p/19q codeletion, and IDH1/2 mutations were associated with a favorable outcome. In multivariable analyses, IDH1/2 mutation was related to better PFS and OS. In subgroup analysis, GTR was associated with favorable outcomes.
Unique chemical activity in porous YbB2C2 ceramics with high porosity and high compressive strength
Authors: Li Zhihui , Chen Jixin , Zhang Hao , Yang Jinxing , Hu Minmin , Sun Luchao , Zhang Zerong , Zhang Yongheng , Li Meishuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHigh purity layered YbB2C2 powder is synthesized by a boro/carbothermic reduction method using YbBO3, B4C and graphite powders as raw materials. Its X-ray diffraction data are presented, and the space group P4/mbm (No. 127) is confirmed. The lattice parameters are a = b = 5.3389 Å and c = 3.5683 Å, and the atom positions are Yb (0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000), B (0.3621, 0.8621, 0.5000), and C (0.1606, 0.6606, 0.5000). Porous YbB2C2 ceramics have a high porosity in the range of 69.89–58.11% and a high compressive strength in the range of 19.49–63.44 MPa. Furthermore, the as-produced porous YbB2C2 ceramics show unique chemical activity. Porous YbB2C2 ceramic with a porosity of 69.89% emits so much heat that it can burn a piece of paper when this ceramic is wetted by water. The rate of reaction between the porous YbB2C2 ceramic and water can be simply controlled by adjusting the porosity. The solid reaction products are YbB6, C and an unknown amorphous phase.
Role of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in the development of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Lee Noo Ri , Kim Beom Jun , Lee Chung Hyeok , Lee Young Bin , Lee Solam , Hwang Hyun Jee , Kim Eunjung , Kim Sung Hee , Lee Min-Geol , Lee Sang Eun , Lavery Gareth G. , Choi Eung Ho 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GCs) are potent anti-inflammatory drugs, the secretion of which is mediated and controlled by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. However, they are also secreted de novo by peripheral tissues for local use. Several tissues express 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1), including the skin. The inactive GC cortisone is converted by 11β-HSD1 to active GC cortisol, which is responsible for delayed wound healing during a systemic excess of GC. However, the role of 11β-HSD1 in inflammation is unclear. We assessed whether 11β-HSD1 affects the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in vitro and in vivo. The expression of 11β-HSD1 in the epidermis of AD lesions was higher than that in the epidermis of healthy controls. Knockdown of 11β-HSD1 in human epidermal keratinocytes increased the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin. In an oxazolone-induced mouse model of AD, localized inhibition of 11β-HSD1 aggravated the development of AD and increased serum cytokine levels associated with AD. Mice with whole-body knockout (KO) of 11β-HSD1 developed significantly worse AD upon induction by oxazolone. We propose that 11β-HSD1 is a major factor affecting AD pathophysiology via suppression of atopic inflammation due to the modulation of active GC in the skin.
EpOMEs act as immune suppressors in a lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Vatanparast Mohammad , Ahmed Shabbir , Lee Dong-Hee , Hwang Sung Hee , Hammock Bruce , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEpoxyoctadecamonoenoic acids (EpOMEs) are epoxide derivatives of linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid) and include 9,10-EpOME and 12,13-EpOME. They are synthesized by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) and degraded by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Although EpOMEs are well known to play crucial roles in mediating various physiological processes in mammals, their role is not well understood in insects. This study chemically identified their presence in insect tissues: 941.8 pg/g of 9,10-EpOME and 2,198.3 pg/g of 12,13-EpOME in fat body of a lepidopteran insect,Spodoptera exigua. Injection of 9,10-EpOME or 12,13-EpOME into larvae suppressed the cellular immune responses induced by bacterial challenge. EpOME treatment also suppressed the expression of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes. Among 139S. exiguaCYPs, an ortholog (SE51385) to human EpOME synthase was predicted and its expression was highly inducible upon bacterial challenge. RNA interference (RNAi) ofSE51385prevented down-regulation of immune responses at a late stage (> 24 h) following bacterial challenge. A soluble epoxide hydrolase (Se-sEH) ofS. exiguawas predicted and showed specific expression in all development stages and in different larval tissues. Furthermore, its expression levels were highly enhanced by bacterial challenge in different tissues. RNAi reduction of Se-sEH interfered with hemocyte-spreading behavior, nodule formation, and AMP expression. To support the immune association of EpOMEs, urea-based sEH inhibitors were screened to assess their inhibitory activities against cellular and humoral immune responses ofS. exigua. 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido) dodecanoic acid (AUDA) was highly potent in suppressing the immune responses. The addition of AUDA to a pathogenic bacterium significantly increased bacterial pathogenicity by suppressing host immune defense. In sum, this study demonstrated that EpOMEs play a crucial role in facilitating anti-inflammatory responses inS. exigua.
Identification of plaque ruptures using a novel discriminative model comprising biomarkers in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Kook Hyungdon , Jang Duck Hyun , Kim Jong-Ho , Cho Jae-Young , Joo Hyung Joon , Cho Sang-A , Park Jae Hyoung , Hong Soon Jun , Yu Cheol Woong , Lim Do-Sun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSoluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are inflammatory biomarkers involved in plaque destabilization resulting in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of a combination of biomarkers to discriminate plaque ruptures in the setting of ACS. Eighty-five ACS patients with optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the culprit plaque were included and categorized into two groups: ACS with plaque rupture (Rupture group, n = 42) or without plaque rupture (Non-rupture group, n = 43) verified by OCT. A discriminative model of plaque rupture using several biomarkers was developed and validated. The Rupture group had higher white blood cell (WBC) counts and peak creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) levels (13.39 vs. 2.69 ng/mL, p = 0.0016). sLOX-1 (227.9 vs. 51.7 pg/mL, p < 0.0001) and MMP-9 (13.4 vs. 6.45 ng/mL, p = 0.0313) levels were significantly higher in the Rupture group, whereas NGAL showed a trend without statistical significance (59.03 vs. 53.80 ng/mL, p = 0.093). Receiver operating characteristic curves to differentiate Rupture group from Non-rupture group calculated the area under the curve for sLOX-1 (p < 0.001), MMP-9 (p = 0.0274), and NGAL (p = 0.0874) as 0.763, 0.645, and 0.609, respectively. A new combinatorial discriminative model including sLOX-1, MMP-9, WBC count, and the peak CK-MB level showed an area under the curve of 0.8431 (p < 0.001). With a cut-off point of 0.614, the sensitivity and specificity of plaque rupture were 62.2% and 97.6%, respectively. The new discriminative model using sLOX-1, MMP-9, WBC count, and peak CK-MB levels could better identify plaque rupture than each individual biomarker in ACS patients.
Predicting global patterns of long-term climate change from short-term simulations using machine learning
Authors: Mansfield L. A. , Nowack P. J. , Kasoar M. , Everitt R. G. , Collins W. J. , Voulgarakis A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUnderstanding and estimating regional climate change under different anthropogenic emission scenarios is pivotal for informing societal adaptation and mitigation measures. However, the high computational complexity of state-of-the-art climate models remains a central bottleneck in this endeavour. Here we introduce a machine learning approach, which utilises a unique dataset of existing climate model simulations to learn relationships between short-term and long-term temperature responses to different climate forcing scenarios. This approach not only has the potential to accelerate climate change projections by reducing the costs of scenario computations, but also helps uncover early indicators of modelled long-term climate responses, which is of relevance to climate change detection, predictability, and attribution. Our results highlight challenges and opportunities for data-driven climate modelling, especially concerning the incorporation of even larger model datasets in the future. We therefore encourage extensive data sharing among research institutes to build ever more powerful climate response emulators, and thus to enable faster climate change projections.
Push Button Population Health: The SMART/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access Application Programming Interface
Authors: Mandl Kenneth D. , Gottlieb Daniel , Mandel Joshua C. , Ignatov Vladimir , Sayeed Raheel , Grieve Grahame , Jones James , Ellis Alyssa , Culbertson Adam 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe 21st Century Cures Act requires that certified health information technology have an application programming interface (API) giving access to all data elements of a patient’s electronic health record, “without special effort”. In the spring of 2020, the Office of the National Coordinator of Health Information Technology (ONC) published a rule—21st Century Cures Act Interoperability, Information Blocking, and the ONC Health IT Certification Program—regulating the API requirement along with protections against information blocking. The rule specifies the SMART/HL7 FHIR Bulk Data Access API, which enables access to patient-level data across a patient population, supporting myriad use cases across healthcare, research, and public health ecosystems. The API enables “push button population health” in that core data elements can readily and standardly be extracted from electronic health records, enabling local, regional, and national-scale data-driven innovation.
Neutrophil serine protease 4 is required for mast cell-dependent vascular leakage
Authors: AhYoung Andrew P. , Eckard Sterling C. , Gogineni Alvin , Xi Hongkang , Lin S. Jack , Gerhardy Stefan , Cox Christian , Phung Qui T. , Hackney Jason A. , Katakam Anand Kumar , Reichelt Mike , Caplazi Patrick , Manzanillo Paolo , Zhang Juan , Roose-Girma Merone , Tam Lucinda W. , Newman Robert J. , Murthy Aditya , Weimer Robby M. , Lill Jennie R. , Lee Wyne P. , Grimbaldeston Michele , Kirchhofer Daniel , van Lookeren Campagne Menno 
Published: November 2020

AbstractVascular leakage, or edema, is a serious complication of acute allergic reactions. Vascular leakage is triggered by the release of histamine and serotonin from granules within tissue-resident mast cells. Here, we show that expression of Neutrophil Serine Protease 4 (NSP4) during the early stages of mast cell development regulates mast cell-mediated vascular leakage. In myeloid precursors, the granulocyte–macrophage progenitors (GMPs), loss of NSP4 results in the decrease of cellular levels of histamine, serotonin and heparin/heparan sulfate. Mast cells that are derived from NSP4-deficient GMPs have abnormal secretory granule morphology and a sustained reduction in histamine and serotonin levels. Consequently, in passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and acute arthritis models, mast cell-mediated vascular leakage in the skin and joints is substantially reduced in NSP4-deficient mice. Our findings reveal that NSP4 is required for the proper storage of vasoactive amines in mast cell granules, which impacts mast cell-dependent vascular leakage in mouse models of immune complex-mediated diseases.
Cadmium stress dictates central carbon flux and alters membrane composition in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Neville Stephanie L. , Eijkelkamp Bart A. , Lothian Amber , Paton James C. , Roberts Blaine R. , Rosch Jason W. , McDevitt Christopher A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMetal ion homeostasis is essential for all forms of life. However, the breadth of intracellular impacts that arise upon dysregulation of metal ion homeostasis remain to be elucidated. Here, we used cadmium, a non-physiological metal ion, to investigate how the bacterial pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae, resists metal ion stress and dyshomeostasis. By combining transcriptomics, metabolomics and metalloproteomics, we reveal that cadmium stress dysregulates numerous essential cellular pathways including central carbon metabolism, lipid membrane biogenesis and homeostasis, and capsule production at the transcriptional and/or functional level. Despite the breadth of cellular pathways susceptible to metal intoxication, we show that S. pneumoniae is able to maintain viability by utilizing cellular pathways that are predominately metal-independent, such as the pentose phosphate pathway to maintain energy production. Collectively, this work provides insight into the cellular processes impacted by cadmium and how resistance to metal ion toxicity is achieved in S. pneumoniae.
Inducible cell-specific mouse models for paired epigenetic and transcriptomic studies of microglia and astroglia
Authors: Chucair-Elliott Ana J. , Ocañas Sarah R. , Stanford David R. , Ansere Victor A. , Buettner Kyla B. , Porter Hunter , Eliason Nicole L. , Reid Justin J. , Sharpe Amanda L. , Stout Michael B. , Beckstead Michael J. , Miller Benjamin F. , Richardson Arlan , Freeman Willard M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEpigenetic regulation of gene expression occurs in a cell type-specific manner. Current cell-type specific neuroepigenetic studies rely on cell sorting methods that can alter cell phenotype and introduce potential confounds. Here we demonstrate and validate a Nuclear Tagging and Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (NuTRAP) approach for temporally controlled labeling and isolation of ribosomes and nuclei, and thus RNA and DNA, from specific central nervous system cell types. Analysis of gene expression and DNA modifications in astrocytes or microglia from the same animal demonstrates differential usage of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in CpG and non-CpG contexts that corresponds to cell type-specific gene expression. Application of this approach in LPS treated mice uncovers microglia-specific transcriptome and epigenome changes in inflammatory pathways that cannot be detected with tissue-level analysis. The NuTRAP model and the validation approaches presented can be applied to any brain cell type for which a cell type-specific cre is available.
Otolith chemoscape analysis in whiting links fishing grounds to nursery areas
Authors: Burns Neil M. , Hopkins Charlotte R. , Bailey David M. , Wright Peter J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUnderstanding life stage connectivity is essential to define appropriate spatial scales for fisheries management and develop effective strategies to reduce undersized bycatch. Despite many studies of population structure and connectivity in marine fish, most management units do not reflect biological populations and protection is rarely given to juvenile sources of the fished stock. Direct, quantitative estimates that link specific fishing grounds to the nursery areas, which produced the caught fish are essential to meet these objectives. Here we develop a continuous-surface otolith microchemistry approach to geolocate whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and infer life stage connectivity across the west coast of the UK. We show substantial connectivity across existing stock boundaries and identify the importance of the Firth of Clyde nursery area. This approach offers fisheries managers the ability to account for the benefits of improved fishing yields derived from spatial protection while minimising revenue loss.
Conservation of angular momentum in second harmonic generation from under-dense plasmas
Authors: Huang Chen-Kang , Zhang Chaojie , Nie Zan , Marsh Kenneth A. , Clayton Chris E. , Joshi Chandrashekhar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSpin and orbital angular momentum of an optical beam are two independent parameters that exhibit distinct effects on mechanical objects. However, when laser beams with angular momentum interact with plasmas, one can observe the interplay between the spin and the orbital angular momentum. Here, by measuring the helical phase of the second harmonic 2ω radiation generated in an underdense plasma using a known spin and orbital angular momentum pump beam, we verify that the total angular momentum of photons is conserved and observe the conversion of spin to orbital angular momentum. We further determine the source of the 2ω photons by analyzing near field intensity distributions of the 2ω light. The 2ω images are consistent with these photons being generated near the largest intensity gradients of the pump beam in the plasma as predicted by the combined effect of spin and orbital angular momentum when Laguerre-Gaussian beams are used.
Structural characteristic of a sulfated polysaccharide from Gracilaria Lemaneiformis and its lipid metabolism regulation effect
Authors: Li Xiong , Huang Shiming , Chen Xi , Xu Qijun , Ma Yongxuan , You Lijun , Kulikouskaya Viktoryia , Xiao Jianbo , Piao Jinhua 
Published: November 2020

A sulfated polysaccharide extracted from Gracilaria lemaneiformis with a prominent effect in regulating lipid metabolism was isolated and characterized.
Association of the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism with gynecologic cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Yongzhong , Xu Wei , Zhang Xia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The association between the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and gynecologic cancer susceptibility is inconclusive. We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to precisely estimate of the impact of the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism on gynecologic cancer susceptibility. Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, WanFang, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for relevant studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined to assess the strength of the association. Fourteen studies with 2712 cases and 3638 controls were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled analysis yielded a significant association between the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and overall gynecologic cancer susceptibility (dominant model: OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.03–1.30, P=0.017). A significantly higher gynecologic cancer risk was found for the European population (homozygous model: OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.80–2.61, P&lt;0.001; recessive model: OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.41–3.17, P&lt;0.001; dominant model: OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.12–1.48, P&lt;0.001; and allele model: OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.13–1.74, P=0.002), but not in the Asian population. The stratified analysis by cancer type revealed endometrial cancer was significantly associated with the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism (dominant model: OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.09–1.54, P=0.003; and allele model: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.02–1.60, P=0.031). In conclusion, the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism was associated with higher overall gynecologic cancer susceptibility, especially for endometrial cancer in the European population.