bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simplified care-pathway selection for nonspecialist practice: the GLOBAL Primary Biliary Cholangitis Study Group Age, Bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase risk assessment tool
Authors: Murillo Perez Carla F. , Gulamhusein Aliya , Carbone Marco , Trivedi Palak J. , van der Meer Adriaan J. , Corpechot Christophe , Battezzati Pier Maria , Lammers Willem J. , Cazzagon Nora , Floreani Annarosa , Parés Albert , Nevens Frederik , Lleo Ana , Mayo Marlyn J. , Kowdley Kris V. , Ponsioen Cyriel Y. , Dalekos George N. , Gatselis Nikolaos K. , Thorburn Douglas , Mason Andrew L. , Janssen Harry , Verhelst Xavier , Bruns Tony , Lindor Keith D. , Chazouillères Olivier , Invernizzi Pietro , Hansen Bettina E. , Hirschfield Gideon M. ,   on behalf of the GLOBAL PBC Study Group
Published: December 2020

Background
Opportunity to redefine the care journeys for those living with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) includes facilitating access to enhanced (PBC-dedicated) programmes by nonspecialist risk ‘flagging’ of patients.

Objective
To develop a nonexpert PBC stratification tool to help care pathway choices (standard vs. enhanced) choices in PBC.

Methods
We included ursodeoxycholic acid-treated patients with PBC from the Global PBC Study Group. The performance of baseline and 1-year clinical markers with transplant-free survival was assessed to develop the ‘ABA’ tool using Age (A), Bilirubin (B), and Alkaline phosphatase (A). Added value of fibrosis estimation was assessed.

Results
‘ABA’ classification mapped three risk groups (n = 2226): low [Age > 50 years, bilirubin ≤ 1 × ULN, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 3 × ULN], high (Age ≤ 50 years, bilirubin > 1 × ULN, ALP > 3 × ULN), and intermediate (other). Transplant-free survival at 10 years in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups were 89, 77, and 59% at baseline and 86, 76, and 40% at 1 year, respectively. We propose that high-risk patients at baseline be directly triaged to enhanced (PBC-dedicated) care and the remaining be reassessed at 1 year. Modelling showed after 1 year 46% patients were proposed to enhanced care and 54% to standard care. The ‘ABA’ mapped pathways facilitated identification of patients at risk based on a young age, as compared to traditional liver biochemical stratification. In patients proposed to standard care, estimated fibrosis stage had ongoing prognostic value.

Conclusion
Nonspecialist use of the ‘ABA’ risk tool could prioritize care journey choices for patients with PBC.
Is 67gallium dead? A retrospective review of 67gallium imaging in a single tertiary referral centre
Authors: Ayesa Sally L. , Schembri Geoffrey P. 
Published: December 2020

Background
[67Ga]Ga-citrate scanning has been used to investigate patients with known or suspected infection for over 50 years, continuing to maintain a clinical niche in many centres. The introduction of single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in addition to planar imaging has improved the specificity of diagnosis.

Aim
To examine the experience of modern [67Ga]Ga-citrate scanning in a single tertiary referral centre, considering the diagnostic yield of the study.

Methods
A retrospective audit was undertaken of 100 consecutive [67Ga]Ga-citrate scans at Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney. Recorded information included patient demographics, clinical information/history, and primary and secondary diagnoses. Subgroup analyses included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of infection or a suspected diagnosis of infection.

Results
The median age of patients was 68.5 years. Totally, 39/100 patients undergoing [67Ga]Ga-citrate scanning presented with a confirmed site of infection, with 2/6 patients with infective endocarditis and 5/12 patients with bacteraemia diagnosed with an additional, previously unknown, site of active infection (compared to 1/21 patients without documented bacteraemia). 61/100 patients did not have a confirmed site of infection before [67Ga]Ga-citrate scan (as per clinical history). 34/61 of these patients had a positive scan result for active infection/inflammation. Of 20 patients with a positive blood culture but no suspected site of infection, the source was identified in 9.

Conclusion
[67Ga]Ga-citrate has diagnostic value in the evaluation of complex patients with high-risk infection. High diagnostic yield is demonstrated in patients with bacteraemia with or without a confirmed site of infection, particularly when combined with SPECT/CT.
Diagnostic accuracy of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT in primary lymph node staging of prostate cancer
Authors: Hoekstra Robert J. , Beulens Alexander , Vrijhof Eric H.J.E.J. , Wyndaele Dirk N.J. , Roef Mark , Brouwer Lenneke J.M. , Somford Diederik M. , Sedelaar Michiel , van Basten Jean-Paul A. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
To determine preoperative diagnostic accuracy of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT-scan in detection (or exclusion) of lymph node metastases (LNM) in men with prostate cancer (PCa) in comparison to the histopathological results of the extended pelvic lymph node dissection (e-PLND).

Methods
A retrospective medical records-based cohort study, including 47 men with primary PCa who received 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT and subsequent e-PLND for lymph node staging. Incidence and number of visualized LNM, their locations and diameters on 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT were recorded in comparison to the histopathological results of the e-PLND as reference. Positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT were calculated on the basis of histopathology results after e-PLND.

Results
Forty-seven men were eligible for analysis. Median lymph node yield was 19 (range 10–70). A total of 996 lymph nodes were removed, and 59 metastases were found in 21 cases (45%). Preoperative PET was issued ‘positive’ in 11 men and in 9 of them (82%) this was histopathologically confirmed resulting in a PPV of 82% (95% CI, 51–96). On the contrary, PET was issued ‘negative’ in 36 cases, but in 12 of them (33%) metastases were detected in the e-PLND specimen, resulting in an NPV of 67% (95% CI, 50–80). The patient-based sensitivity was 43% (95% CI, 24–64) and the patient-based specificity rate was 92% (95% CI, 75–99), whereas overall diagnostic accuracy was established to be 70% in the present cohort.

Conclusion

18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT has a high specificity and positive predicted value for the presence of LNM in men with prostate cancer. However, the sensitivity and NPV seem to be limited to exclude the absence of LNM at a clinically acceptable level. Prospective evaluation is necessary to define patients who may benefit from 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT as a triage test for the indication for e-PLND.
Immunotherapy approaches targeting neuroblastoma
Authors: Nguyen Rosa , Thiele Carol J. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
In the era of immune-oncology, a breakthrough in the field of pediatric solid tumor research has been the demonstration that immunotherapy for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma improves the event-free and overall survival. Immunotherapeutic approaches including a monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface glycosphingolipid disialoganglioside and cytokines successfully eliminate minimal residual disease.

Recent findings
Since this seminal discovery, clinical trials evaluating immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy and cellular therapies have begun to demonstrate effectiveness in treatment of bulky disease. Broader knowledge has also been gained regarding immunotherapy-limiting side-effects. Furthermore, biologic studies in actively treated patients have contributed to our growing understanding of the underlying immunologic processes and mechanisms of tumor response and immune evasion.

Summary
The example of neuroblastoma is beginning to demonstrate that various immunotherapies combined with more conventional anticancer treatments can be synergistic. These advancements pose new challenges to both clinical researchers and medical provider and herald a new era in pediatric cancer therapy.
Panniculitis in a Woman With Opportunistic Pulmonary Coinfection by Pneumocystis jirovecii and Cryptococcus neoformans
Authors: Tedbirt Billal , Duval-Modeste Anne-Benedicte , Courville Philippe , Dominique Stéphane , Vera Pierre , Regaieg Hamza 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A 56-year-old woman, with history of psoriasis well controlled on ustekinumab, underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT to explore first onset of histologically proven skin panniculitis of unknown origin. PET/CT showed high uptake in panniculitis lesions in limbs and in a lung opacity suggestive of pneumonia. Based on PET/CT findings, a bronchoalveolar lavage revealed pulmonary coinfection by Pneumocystis jirovecii and Cryptococcus neoformans. Thus, hematogenous dissemination of infection was suspected as etiology of panniculitis. She was treated with fluconazole and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, leading to total resolution of skin lesions. Posttherapeutic PET/CT showed complete metabolic response of skin and pulmonary lesions.
[18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT Imaging for Evaluation of Nigrostriatal Neuron Integrity in Patients With Parkinson Disease
Authors: Juri Carlos , Kramer Vasko , Riss Patrick J. , Soza-Ried Cristian , Haeger Arlette , Pruzzo Rossana , Rösch Frank , Amaral Horacio , Chana-Cuevas Pedro 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
Degeneration of dopaminergic, nigrostriatal neurons is the hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD), and PET quantification of dopamine transporters is a widely accepted method for differential diagnosis between idiopathic PD and essential tremor. [18F]PR04.MZ is a new PET tracer with excellent imaging properties allowing for precise quantification of striatal and extrastriatal dopamine transporter. Here we describe our initial experience with [18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT in a larger cohort of healthy controls and PD patients as a proof-of-concept study for this tracer.

Methods
Eighteen healthy subjects, 19 early PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr I–II), and 13 moderate-advanced PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr III–IV) underwent static PET/CT scans 60 to 90 minutes after injection of 5.16 ± 1.03 mCi (191 ± 38 MBq) [18F]PR04.MZ. Specific binding ratios (SBRs) were calculated for caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, posterior putamen, substantia nigra (SNpc), compared between different groups and correlated with clinical ratings.

Results
[18F]PR04.MZ showed very high and specific uptake in the putamen, caudate, and substantia nigra pars compacta and very low nonspecific binding in other brain regions, and SBR values for the control group were 22.3 ± 4.1, 19.1 ± 3.5, and 5.4 ± 1.2, respectively. A reduction of SBR values was observed in all regions and in both initial and moderate PD, ranging from 35% to 89% (P < 0.001). The observed pattern of reduction was posterior putamen > anterior putamen > substantia nigra pars compacta > caudate, with contralateral posterior putamen being the most affected region. Rostrocaudal depletion gradient was evident in all PD patients and progression correlated with motor manifestations.

Conclusions
[18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT is a highly sensitive imaging modality for the detection of dopaminergic deficit in nigrostriatal pathways in PD.
Effective Management of 177Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-Octreotate Extravasation
Authors: Maucherat Bruno , Varmenot Nicolas , Fleury Vincent , Senellart Helene , Rousseau Caroline 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Radiopharmaceutical extravasation is a known nuclear medicine adverse effect, mostly with no complication in case of diagnostic radiopharmaceutical. However, a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical extravasation may have clinical consequences and must be treated quickly and effectively. We report here a case of 177Lu-DOTA0-Tyr3-octreotate extravasation.
Visualization of Motor Cortex Involvement by 18F-THK5351 PET Potentially Strengthens Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Saitoh Yuji , Imabayashi Etsuko , Mukai Taiji , Matsuda Hiroshi , Takahashi Yuji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves both upper motor neurons (UMNs) and lower motor neurons. The detection of UMN involvement, a core component of ALS criteria, is primarily dependent on neurological examination because of a lack of definitive biomarkers. We present the 18F-THK5351 PET images of a 76-year-old man diagnosed with ALS comorbid with Alzheimer disease, demonstrating marked accumulation of 18F-THK5351 in the bilateral precentral gyri. Because 18F-THK5351 binds to monoamine oxidase B highly expressed in astrocytes, where the neurodegenerative process is ongoing, our case highlights that 18F-THK5351 tracer should be a useful marker for detecting UMN neurodegeneration in ALS.
18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of Pancreatic and Adrenal Metastases in a Patient With Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Sun Jiangming , Zhang Wenjie , He Tao , Wang Hui , Tian Rong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Metastases of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma to either the pancreas or the adrenal glands are rare. We hereby presented the 18F-FDG PET/CT images of a 21-year-old man initially diagnosed with chondrosarcoma of the right 11th rib. His 18F-FDG PET/CT scan after radiotherapy demonstrated 2 hypermetabolic lesions in the right adrenal gland and the pancreas, respectively. These 2 lesions were later confirmed by biopsy to be metastatic mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.
18F-FDG PET/CT in Anti–Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Antibody Encephalitis
Authors: Caquot Pierre-Ambroise , Zizi Ghali , Lelièvre Maxime , Dejust Sébastien , Morland David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We report the case of a 55-year-old man presenting pseudopsychiatric behavior disorders of subacute-onset. MRI showed a FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) hyperintensity in the left hippocampus. The diagnosis of limbic encephalitis was raised, and the patient was referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT. PET/CT depicted an increased uptake of the left mesiotemporal structures and also an increased uptake of both cerebellum and striatal areas. This pattern was compatible with an anti–leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis that was later confirmed.
Fluid Management During Kidney Transplantation: A Consensus Statement of the Committee on Transplant Anesthesia of the American Society of Anesthesiologists
Authors: Wagener Gebhard , Bezinover Dmitri , Wang Cynthia , Kroepfl Elizabeth , Diaz Geraldine , Giordano Chris , West James , Kindscher James D. , Moguilevitch Marina , Nicolau-Raducu Ramona , Planinsic Raymond M. , Rosenfeld David M. , Lindberg Scott , Schumann Roman , Pivalizza Evan G. 
Published: December 2020

Background.
Intraoperative fluid management may affect the outcome after kidney transplantation. However, the amount and type of fluid administered, and monitoring techniques vary greatly between institutions and there are limited prospective randomized trials and meta-analyses to guide fluid management in kidney transplant recipients.

Methods.
Members of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) committee on transplantation reviewed the current literature on the amount and type of fluids (albumin, starches, 0.9% saline, and balanced crystalloid solutions) administered and the different monitors used to assess fluid status, resulting in this consensus statement with recommendations based on the best available evidence.

Results.
Review of the current literature suggests that starch solutions are associated with increased risk of renal injury in randomized trials and should be avoided in kidney donors and recipients. There is no evidence supporting the routine use of albumin solutions in kidney transplants. Balanced crystalloid solutions such as Lactated Ringer are associated with less acidosis and may lead to less hyperkalemia than 0.9% saline solutions. Central venous pressure is only weakly supported as a tool to assess fluid status.

Conclusions.
These recommendations may be useful to anesthesiologists making fluid management decisions during kidney transplantation and facilitate future research on this topic.
Mechanically Matched Silicone Brain Implants Reduce Brain Foreign Body Response
Authors: Zhang Edward N. , Clément Jean-Pierre , Alameri Alia , Ng Andy , Kennedy Timothy E. , Juncker David 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBrain implants are increasingly used to treat neurological disorders and diseases. However, the brain foreign body response (FBR) elicited by implants affects neuro-electrical transduction and long-term reliability limiting their clinical adoption. The mismatch in Young’s modulus between silicon implants (∼180 GPa) and brain tissue (∼1-30 kPa) exacerbates the FBR resulting in the development of flexible implants from polymers such as polyimide (∼1.5-2.5 GPa). However, a stiffness mismatch of at least two orders of magnitude remains. Here, we introduce (i) the first mechanically matched brain implant (MMBI) made from silicone (∼20 kPa), (ii) new microfabrication methods, and (iii) a novel dissolvable sugar shuttle to reliably implant MMBIs. MMBIs were fabricated via vacuum-assisted molding using sacrificial sugar molds and were then encased in sugar shuttles that dissolved within 2 min after insertion into rat brains. Sections of rat neocortex implanted with MMBIs, PDMS implants, and silicon implants were analyzed by immunohistochemistry 3 and 9-weeks post-implantation. MMBIs resulted in significantly higher neuronal density and lower FBR within 50 µm of the tissue-implant interface compared to PDMS and silicon implants suggesting that materials mechanically matched to brain further minimize the FBR and could contribute to better implant functionality and long-term reliability.
The influence of service category, consumers' narcissism and processing mode on service customization consumption
Authors: Wang Chen , Wang Qiang , Feng Taiwen , Zhang Yan 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impacts of service category (utilitarian vs hedonic) on chosen degree of uniqueness (CDOU) and consumers' willingness to pay more (WTPM), as well as the moderating roles of consumers' narcissism trait (high vs low) and processing mode (rational vs experiential) on the relationship between service category and CDOU.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducts one online experiment-questionnaire study and one between-subject lab experiment to test the hypotheses.FindingsThis study finds that consumers are more likely to choose unique choices in hedonic service customization. Consumers' CDOU has a positive effect on their attitudes toward WTPM. In addition, consumers' processing mode moderates the relationship between service category and CDOU.Practical implicationsThe findings provide new insights into better understanding the factors affecting the choice of service customization and have significant practical implications. First, consumers' different desire for uniqueness of different service should not be neglected when examining the values of service customization. Second, high-level CDOU is quite prevalent for hedonic (vs utilitarian) service customization, especially for consumers with experiential processing mode.Originality/valueWhile previous studies state “need for uniqueness” as a key characteristic of product customization in general, we extend it to intangible service customization and connect it with consumers' WTPM. In addition, the moderating role of individual trait and decision-making processing mode is also checked. Thus, the findings refine the existing understanding of the relationship between uniqueness and service customization.
Loyalty towards telco service providers: the fundamental role of consumer brand engagement
Authors: Ooi Say Keat , Yeap Jasmine A.L. , Low Zoann 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Customers nowadays would expect more than just the sales process. As loyal customers are crucial for businesses, research indicates that engaged consumers exhibit greater loyalty to brands. Despite its significance, consumer brand engagement (CBE) remains a concept worth deeper investigation. Building on the cognitive-affective-conative (CAC) model, this paper aims to address this lacuna by examining the precursors of CBE and tests CBE as a higher-order construct consisting of three formative dimensions, namely, cognitive processing, affection and activation.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a non-probability purposive sampling method, data was collected from a sample of 237 Malaysian consumers who subscribe to any of the local telco service providers. Data was then analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique.

Findings
Communication effectiveness, core service quality and corporate social responsibility strategy are important determinants that explain consumers’ brand engagement. Furthermore, it was found that CBE prompts consumer satisfaction, which then leads to brand loyalty towards a telco service provider. Additionally, confirmatory tetrad analysis reassured CBE as a formative construct.

Research limitations/implications
CBE should be best assessed as a higher-order reflective formative construct composed of cognitive processing, affection and activation.

Practical implications
Telco companies seeking to attain brand loyalty and consumer satisfaction should ensure that their customers are engrossed, inspired and energized in their interaction with the brands.

Originality/value
Drawing on the CAC model, this study contributes to consumer marketing literature by filling the gap regarding the precursors and outcomes of CBE. In addition, the multidimensionality of CBE as a higher-order reflective formative construct was established.
Plausible scenarios for microturbine technology development: case study of an Iranian national technological program
Authors: Hafezi Reza , Borumand Kakhki Ahmad , Attari Maziar , Besharati Rad Zohreh , Pasandideh Ashraf Sadat 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Many devices needed electrical power to work, thus, major energy carriers such as oil and gas were used to generate electrical power via converter mechanisms and special technologies. The microturbine is a developed technology that is remarkable for its relatively high performance and ability to use several types of fuels. Microturbines are economically feasible because of the production of combined heat and power and small-scale applicability. This study aims to investigate microturbine technology development to support modern energy access in a developing country (i.e. Iran).

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents a technology foresight methodology to create plausible futures of microturbine development in Iran when the country faces different driving forces and uncertainties. On other hand, the paper deals with a theoretical question: how to select appropriate foresight methodology? A procedure is proposed, which equipped the research team to select appropriate method combinations based on Popper’s diamond. Finally, the selected methodology includes defining focal issues environmental scanning and patent analysis aimed at developing five plausible scenarios for microturbine development future in Iran and creating shared visions among policymakers.

Findings
This paper proposed a series of scenarios on the path to developing microturbine technology. The scenario development logic in a participatory way contains a common four-quarter technique that attempts to depict scenarios based on two critical uncertainties inclusive energy price and technology obsolescence, which will shape the future. Also, a scenario is presented to describe a wild card that can disturb the desired futures. Such materials help decision-makers to policies under plausible conditions that guarantee a robust policy basket.

Originality/value
The originality of this paper can be studied based on two aspects, first, the methodology that provides a systematic method selections procedure in an emerging complex technology development program. Second, from the practical aspect, this paper is one of the very first attempts to manage the microturbine technology development program. Then, results are used to feed the policy-making process in Iran.