bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Radiology Fellowship Creation as an International Education Outreach Effort in Ethiopia
Authors: Zember Jonathan , Reid Janet , Gorfu Yocabel , Solomon Daniel Zewdneh , Darge Kassa 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
In 2008, there were no pediatric radiologists in Ethiopia, a country of 100 million people. The radiology residency programs lacked training in pediatric imaging acquisition and interpretation.

Objective
We established an accredited local pediatric radiology fellowship program in Ethiopia.

Methods
With assistance from US faculty from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Ethiopian radiologists created a 2-year fellowship training program in a university-based Ethiopian radiology residency program that incorporated formal lectures and seminars, case tutorials, journal clubs, teleradiological conferences, paper presentations, and online courses from collaborating institutions. Formal accreditation of the program was achieved from the university, and core values were established to ensure sustainability and self-sufficiency. The Ethiopian institution provided funding for the fellows, and US faculty volunteered their time.

Results
In 2015, 2 radiologists were recruited to the new fellowship; after graduation in 2017, they formed the first pediatric radiology section at the Ethiopian institution. Three new fellows were recruited in 2019, and the program is now self-sustaining. Pediatric imaging training has also been added to the radiology residency.

Conclusions
Establishing a pediatric radiology fellowship in a country with high need but little existing faculty expertise is feasible through outreach efforts.
A Novel, Web-Based Quality Improvement Platform to Address ACGME CLER Requirements
Authors: Berger Jeffrey S. , Ho Geoffrey , Paul Courtney , Cioletti Anne , Marko Kathryn 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
In 2014, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) formally mandated trainee (resident and fellow) participation in health care quality improvement (QI) projects as one of the Clinical Learning Environment Review (CLER) Pathways to Excellence. Subsequent national reviews showed large variations in how QI education is conducted, as well as a significant mismatch between educational and organizational goals.

Objective
We developed a web-based platform to engage trainees in QI that better aligned with best practice methodology and matched identified institutional priorities.

Methods
A needs assessment survey was distributed to trainees to understand the obstacles to compliance with ACGME QI requirements. Based on the results, a web-based clearinghouse, called the QI Platform, was developed and launched in July 2016, and utilization was analyzed in February 2019.

Results
A total of 196 of 440 needs assessment surveys (45%) were completed. Themes extracted from surveys to identify barriers in QI participation included difficulties designing projects, lack of mentorship or expert support, and difficulty engaging an interprofessional team. Over 2.5 years, 151 projects were registered on the platform. Of these, 17 (11%) were collaborative entries. At the time of analysis, 166 of 437 trainees (38%) were listed as participants in active QI projects. A total of 22 projects were archived as complete, and 68 incomplete projects were reassigned to the “Ideas” section as works in progress after lead trainee graduation.

Conclusions
An institutional QI Platform clearinghouse for GME QI projects was feasible to develop and maintain, and it appeared acceptable to most GME programs and trainees for recording and tracking QI projects, and linking these to hospital QI priorities.
Hoe houdbaar is de handtekening in een pdf-document?
Authors: Van Wechem T.H.M. , Spanjaard J.H.M. 
Published: December 2019

Hoe houdbaar is de handtekening in een pdf-document?
Contracten worden nogal eens ondertekend “in counterparts”. Partijen wisselen dan pdf-bestanden met de handtekening uit. De vraag is of dergelijke handtekeningen voldoen aan het begrip “elektronische handtekening” en of de documenten dan wel als akte in de zin van de wet gelden. De auteurs onderzoeken deze vragen en gaan daarbij in op de elektronische handtekening van art. 3:15a BW.
Vereist artikel 7:425 BW menselijke tussenkomst of kan een online platform ook bemiddelen?
Authors: Huppes N. , Wildenbeest T.L. 
Published: December 2019

Vereist artikel 7:425 BW menselijke tussenkomst of kan een online platform ook bemiddelen?
Hof Amsterdam oordeelt dat Booking.com niet bemiddelt omdat zij slechts de administratieve afhandeling verzorgt van de overeenkomst die ‘direct’ tussen de gebruikers van haar platform tot stand komt. In deze bijdrage wordt door de auteurs gesignaleerd dat dit oordeel wringt met de huidige rechtspraktijk en voor onduidelijkheid zorgt over de vraag hoe moet worden bepaald of een platform bemiddelt, dan wel als een ‘elektronisch prikbord’ functioneert, en daarmee buiten het wettelijk regime over bemiddeling valt. De rechtszekerheid is gediend met heldere criteria en de auteurs betogen dat het omslagpunt bij de openbaarmakingsfunctie ligt. Een platform dat aanbieders slechts de mogelijkheid biedt om zich te presenteren aan geïnteresseerden om te zoeken, heeft enkel een openbaarmakingsfunctie en bemiddelt niet. Gaat de betrokkenheid van het platform bij de totstandkoming van overeenkomsten verder, dan is het platform in beginsel als tussenpersoon werkzaam bij het tot stand brengen van overeenkomsten en bemiddelt het in de zin van artikel 7:425 BW. Anders dan Hof Amsterdam menen de auteurs daarom dat Booking.com bemiddelt.
Lotsverbonden overeenkomsten en de ontbindende voorwaarde
Authors: Kloppenburg L.F. 
Published: December 2019

Lotsverbonden overeenkomsten en de ontbindende voorwaarde
In deze bijdrage wordt onderzocht of een lotsverbonden overeenkomst te kwalificeren is als een voorwaardelijke overeenkomst met een ontbindende voorwaarde in de zin van de artikelen 6:21 en 6:22 BW. Dit kan onder omstandigheden aan de orde zijn indien lotsverbondenheid de grondslag vindt in de uitleg van de lotsverbonden overeenkomst of (wellicht) in de aanvullende werking van de redelijkheid en de billijkheid. Dit kan met name van belang zijn omdat het vervullen van de ontbindende voorwaarde in de zin van artikel 6:22 BW, in tegenstelling tot ontbinding in de zin van artikel 6:265 BW, goederenrechtelijke werking heeft.
The Effects of Vermicompost and Phosphorus on the Development of Soybean Plant
Authors: Şahin Sezer , Ceritoğlu Mustafa , Kartal Hakan 
Published: December 2019

Aims: Vermicompost (worm manure), which has gained importance in the last quarter of the century among innovative agricultural practices, has positive effects on both plant development and soil structure. The shortage of organic matter in soil reduces the productivity of agricultural production and hampers its continuity. Vermicompost products confer plant nutrient elements, various hormones, enzymes, humic substances and especially organic matter to the soil. This study aimed to study the effects of vermicompost application and phosphorus fertilizer rates on soybean in limy soil conditions.
Study Design: The affect of vermicompost applications was evaluated with four doses of vermicompost (Control, 1.5, 3, and % 6) in three doses of phosporus applications. So, 0, 50 ppm and 100 ppm phosporus blocks had all four doses of vermicompost. Optimum level (100 ppm N and 100 ppm K) of N and K fertilisers were applied to all plants tested. Total plant biomass, leaf wet and dry weights, bean wights, plant height and nitrogen compositions of leaf and bean were measured.
Results: The results were detected significant at % 1 on all parameters. As control plants’ leaf + scape wet and dry weights were measured 3.29 and 1.23 g respectively, they were measured 8.6 and 5.22 g at plants used vermicompost and phosphorus together. With vermicompost and phosphorus aplications, the phosphorus and nitrogen uptakes increased too. While control plants’ leaves have % 0.38 phosphorus content, it was measured % 0.84 at plant aplicated vermicompost and phosphorus.
Coclusion: As a result, we observed increased P uptake levels with increased doses of vermicompost application in limysoils.
Fungal Population Dynamics Associated with Active-phase of Hydrocarbon Degradation in Oil-polluted Soil
Authors: U. Okoye A. , B. Chikere C. , C. Okpokwasili G. 
Published: December 2019

Fungal population dynamics was monitored in an oil-polluted soil undergoing remediation by enhanced natural attenuation (RENA) at Ibaa, Emohua L. G. A. Rivers State. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined from baseline [pre-RENA (POL B)] and sampling days 0 (POL 0), 9 (POL 9), 18 (POL 18), 36 (POL 36) and day 56 (POL 56)] using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. The baseline TPH and PAHs were 9,146.65 ppm and 3,454.10 ppm in the polluted soil (pre-RENA) and 479.67 ppm and 279.72 ppm for unpolluted soil (pristine control) respectively. By day 56, percentages of contaminants degradation were 97% and 89% for TPH and PAHs respectively. Higher counts for both heterotrophic fungal (THF) counts and culturable hydrocarbon utilizing fungal (HUF) counts were obtained on day 36 with values of 5.6 x 105 cfu/g and 4.77 x 106 cfu/g respectively. Out of the 47 HUF isolated and characterized, 34 hydrocarbon utilizing fungi were isolated in the active phase between day 9 (POL 9) to day 36 (POL 36). These recovered hydrocarbon degrading fungal isolates associated with the active phase of hydrocarbon degradation (Mucor sp., Malbranchia sp., Prototheca sp., Cladosporium spp., Trichosporon sp., Acremonium spp., Rhizomucor spp.). RENA treatment effectively reduced the pollutant levels in the impacted soil.
The relationship among the age at menarche, anthropometric characteristics, and socio‐economic factors in Bengali girls from Kolkata, India
Authors: Żegleń Magdalena , Marini Elisabetta , Cabras Stefano , Kryst Łukasz , Das Rituparna , Chakraborty Anindita , Dasgupta Parasmani 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the study was to measure the causal effect of selected socio‐economic factors and anthropometrical characteristics on the menarche occurrence.MethodsThe sample consisted of 2195 Bengali girls (aged 7‐21) from middle‐class families, from Kolkata city, India. The age at menarche was recorded from the retrospective data and status quo method. The causal effect of anthropometric and socio‐economic variables on menarche occurrence was estimated by the nonparametrical analysis of survival probability (survival random forest).ResultsIn the examined cohort menarche occurred, on average, at 11.8 years of age. The probability of menarche occurrence amplified with the increasing values of factors such as body mass index, height‐for‐age z‐scores, number of family members, household rooms, and toilets, but decreased when expenditures increased. The relation maintained a similar pattern of causal effect with girls' age.ConclusionsA complex pattern of relationship among sexual development, physique, and socio‐economic characteristics was defined. The tendency toward early menarche, along with the observed causal relationships indicate that the analyzed sample is nearing the characteristics and standards of living noted in other middle and even high‐income countries in the world.
Tracking of health‐related physical fitness between childhood and adulthood
Authors: Blasquez Shigaki Gabriela , L. Barbosa Cynthia C. , Batista Mariana B. , Romanzini Catiana L. P. , Gonçalves Ezequiel M. , Serassuelo Junior Hélio , Ronque Enio R. V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to analyze the tracking of indicators of health‐related physical fitness between childhood and adulthood.MethodsThe study presents a longitudinal design, with the first phase of data collection occurring annually between 2002 and 2006, and the second phase carried out in 2016. A total of 142 young adults, aged between 21 and 25 years, of both sexes participated in the study. Were evaluated body mass, stature, skinfold thickness, sit and reach test; abdominal resistance/strength test, and 20‐m shuttle run test.ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) indicated that all health‐related physical fitness variables presented values considered moderate to high tracking (0.37‐0.67; P < 0.005) between the analyzed periods. It was verified that in all variables, tracking was higher in the female group, except for the result of the running test related to the cardiorespiratory fitness component which demonstrated greater tracking in the male group (ICC = 0.37 vs ICC = 0.50). The result of the running test for males was the only variable presenting a discrepancy in the values observed between baseline and follow‐up (P < 0.05; k = 0.110).ConclusionsIt was concluded that the indicators of body fat, abdominal and running tests demonstrated moderate tracking, while the sit and reach test presented high tracking.
Pd‐Catalyzed Selective Bifunctionalization of 3‐Iodo‐o‐Carborane by Pd Migration
Authors: Ge Yixiu , Zhang Jie , Qiu Zaozao , Xie Zuowei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed highly selective 3,4‐bifunctionalization of 3‐I‐o‐carborane has been developed, leading to the preparation of 3‐alkenyl‐4‐R‐o‐carboranes (R=alkyl, alkynyl, aryl, allyl, CN, and amido) in high to excellent yields. This protocol combines the sequential activation of cage B(3)−I and B(4)−H bonds by Pd migration from exo‐alkenyl sp2 C to cage B(4), which is driven by thermodynamic force. This represents a brand‐new strategy for selective bifunctionalization of carboranes with two different substituents.
Biogenic Iron Sulfide Nanoparticles to Enable Extracellular Electron Uptake in Sulfate‐Reducing Bacteria
Authors: Deng Xiao , Dohmae Naoshi , Kaksonen Anna H. , Okamoto Akihiro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMicrobes synthesize cell‐associated nanoparticles (NPs) and utilize their physicochemical properties to produce energy under unfavorable metabolic conditions. Iron sulfide (FeS) NPs are ubiquitous and are predominantly biosynthesized by sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB). However, the biological role of FeS NPs in SRB remains understudied. Now, conductive FeS NPs function is demonstrated as an electron conduit enabling Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, an SRB strain, to utilize solid‐state electron donors via direct electron uptake. After forming FeS NPs on the cell surface, D. vulgaris initiated current generation coupled with sulfate reduction on electrodes poised at −0.4 V versus standard hydrogen electrode. Single‐cell activity analysis showed that the electron uptake and metabolic rate via FeS NPs in D. vulgaris were about sevenfold higher than those via native cell‐surface proteins in other SRB.
Effects of modified silica on the co‐vulcanization kinetics and mechanical performances of natural rubber/styrene–butadiene rubber blends
Authors: Dong Huanhuan , Luo Yuanfang , Lin Jing , Bai Jie , Chen Yongjun , Zhong Bangchao , Jia Demin 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTRubber blends are widely used for combining the advantages of each rubber component. However, to date, how to determine and distinguish the vulcanization kinetics for each single rubber phase in rubber blends during the co‐vulcanization process is still a challenge. Herein, high‐resolution pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HR PyGC‐MS) was employed for the first time to investigate the vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber (NR) and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) in NR/SBR blends filled with modified silica (SiO2). The reaction rates of crosslinking of each rubber phase in NR/SBR were calculated, which showed that the crosslinking rates of NR were much lower than those of SBR phase in the unfilled blends and blends filled with unmodified and silane modified silica. Interestingly, the vulcanization rates of NR and SBR phase were approximately same in the vulcanization accelerator modified silica filled blends, showing better co‐vulcanization. In addition, the vulcanization accelerator modified silica was uniformly dispersed and endowed rubber blends with higher mechanical strength compared to the untreated silica. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48838.
Mechanical, thermal, and conductivity performances of novel thermoplastic natural rubber/graphene nanoplates/polyaniline composites
Authors: Tarawneh Mou'ad Ahmad , Saraireh Sherin Abdelkader , Chen Ruey Shan , Ahmad Sahrim Hj , Al‐Tarawni Musab Ahmad Mohammad , Al‐Tweissi Mohammed , Yu Lih Jiun 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTConventional polymer blending has a shortcoming in conductivity characteristic. This research addresses the preparation of conductive thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) blends with graphene nanoplates (GNPs)/polyaniline (PANI) through melt blending using an internal mixer. The effect of PANI content (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt %) on the mechanical and thermal properties, thermal and electrical conductivities, and morphology observation of the TPNR/GNPs/PANI nanocomposites was investigated. The results showed that the tensile and impact properties as well as thermal conductivity of nanocomposite had improved with the incorporation of 3 wt % of GNPs and 20 wt % of PANI as compared to neat TPNR and reduced with further increase of the PANI content. It was observed that the GNPs and PANI acted as a critical component to improve the thermal stability and electrical conductivity of the TPNR/GNPs/PANI nanocomposites. The most improved conductivity of 5.22 E‐5 S/cm was observed at 3 wt % GNPs and 40 wt % PANI. Variable‐pressure scanning electron microscopy micrograph revealed the good interaction and distribution of GNPs and PANI within TPNR matrix at PANI loadings lower than 30 wt %. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48873.
RETRACTED:Alpinumisoflavone suppresses human Glioblastoma cell growth and induces cell cycle arrest through activating peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ
Authors: He Lijuan , Shen Dong , Li Jianmei , Mao Weidong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAs a common subtype of malignant gliomas, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is associated with poor prognosis. This study is aimed to examine the anticancer activities of alpinumisoflavone (AIF) and its underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that AIF inhibited the proliferation of GBM cells (U373 and T98G) in a time and dose‐dependent manner. In addition, flow cytometry analysis not only confirmed AIF arrested cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase but also the induced apoptosis of U373 and T98G cells. Western blotting also confirmed that AIF altered the expression levels of cell cycle‐related proteins. Further mechanism studies revealed that AIF inhibited cell proliferation, induced G0/G1 phase arrest and induced apoptosis of U373 and T98G cells through activating PPARγ, as evidenced by the fact that GW9662 (PPARγ inhibitor) could effectively reverse the effects of AIF on U373 and T98G cells. Furthermore, the in vivo study also revealed that AIF suppressed tumor growth and caused cell cycle arrest. Collectively, these results highlighted the potential use of AIF in the treatment of GBM.
Modulatory effects of curcumin on the atherogenic activities of inflammatory monocytes: Evidence from in vitro and animal models of human atherosclerosis
Authors: Mohammadian Haftcheshmeh Saeed , Karimzadeh Mohammad R. , Azhdari Sara , Vahedi Parviz , Abdollahi Elham , Momtazi‐Borojeni Amir A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a complex and long‐lasting disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of arteries that leads to the initiation and progression of lipid‐rich plaques, in which monocytes/macrophages play the central role in endothelial inflammation and taking up these lipids. Circulating monocytes can adopt a long‐term proinflammatory phenotype leading to their atherogenic activities. During atherogenic condition, inflammatory monocytes adhere to the surface of the activated endothelial cells and then transmigrate across the endothelial monolayer into the intima, where they proliferate and differentiate into macrophages and take up the lipoproteins, forming foam cells that derive atherosclerosis progression. Therefore, modulating the atherogenic activities of inflammatory monocytes can provide a valuable therapeutic approach for atherosclerosis prevention and treatment. Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with numerous pharmacological activities and shows protective effects against atherosclerosis; however, underlying mechanisms are not clearly known yet. In the present review, on the basis of a growing body of evidence, we show that curcumin can exert antiatherosclerotic effect through inhibiting the atherogenic properties of monocytes, including inflammatory cytokine production, adhesion, and transendothelial migration, as well as intracellular cholesterol accumulation.
Bright solitary waves as charge transport in DNA: A variational approximation
Authors: Belobo Belobo Didier , Dang Koko Adamou 
Published: December 2019

AbstractModeling energy and charge transfer in DNA has been a challenging issue because of many conformations DNA can take. Due to its simplicity, we propose a discrete variational approach to study the charge transfer mechanism in DNA based on the Holstein‐Su‐Schrieffer‐Heeger model. It is shown that bright solitary waves may propagate through the DNA and the variational approximation provides explicit relations between experimental parameters and important characteristics of the waves such as amplitude, width, chirp and homogenous phase, and energy. Our analytical predictions are confirmed by intensive numerical simulations with a good accuracy.
Test–retest reliability of the Italian version of the M‐BACK questionnaire to assess the barriers, attitudes, confidence, and knowledge of mental health staff regarding metabolic health of psychiatric patients
Authors: Carraro Attilio , Gobbi Erica , Solmi Marco , Watkins Andrew , Ward Philip B. , Rosenbaum Simon 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe Metabolic‐Barriers, Attitudes, Confidence, and Knowledge Questionnaire (M‐BACK) was developed to determine the barriers, attitudes, confidence, and knowledge of mental health practitioners regarding the metabolic health of patients in order to determine the efficacy of targeted training interventions. This study aimed to validate the Italian version of M‐BACK questionnaire (M‐BACK‐IT) and to determine the test–retest reliability.MethodsThe M‐BACK questionnaire was translated into Italian and back‐translated using an established protocol. In order to determine the test–retest reliability of the instrument, mental health professionals were recruited from a private psychiatric hospital located in northeast Italy and completed the questionnaire on two separate occasions, seven days apart. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for the total score, as well as each of the four M‐BACK domains.ResultsThirty mental health professionals (4 psychiatrists, 9 psychologists, 12 nurses, and 5 exercise specialists) completed the M‐BACK‐IT. ICCs ranged from 0.58 to 0.94.ConclusionsThe test–retest reliability of the M‐BACK‐IT demonstrated comparable results to the English version. The M‐BACK‐IT is a reliable measure to assess key elements of practitioners' perceptions of the barriers, their knowledge, attitudes, and confidence regarding metabolic monitoring and intervention in people with mental illness.