bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF THE NAMASTE CARE FAMILY PROGRAM ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF PEOPLE WITH ADVANCED DEMENTIA
Authors: Steen Jenny T van der , Joling Karlijn J , Francke Anneke L , Achterberg Wilco P , Smaling Hanneke J A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
People with advanced dementia often die in nursing homes. Family caregivers frequently feel that their loved one’s quality of life and dying is suboptimal. The daily Namaste Care Family program -derived from the US Namaste Care program- involves family caregivers and integrates personalized care with meaningful activities for people with advanced dementia. A cluster-randomized controlled trial (December 2016 - December 2018) examined effects of the Namaste Care Family program on resident and family caregiver outcomes. Ten Dutch nursing homes implemented Namaste Care Family for 117 residents, while nine nursing homes provided usual care for 114 residents in the study. Nursing staff assessed quality of life over the last week with the Quality of Life in Late-Stage Dementia (QUALID, the primary resident outcome measure). Research assistants observed discomfort during the sessions with the Discomfort Scale-Dementia of Alzheimer Type (DS-DAT). Assessments were at baseline and after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. We found a significant difference in QUALID score at 12 months favoring quality of life in the intervention group. Further, the intervention group showed less signs of discomfort at 3, 6, and 12 months compared with the control group. The Namaste Care Family program can improve quality of life of people with advanced dementia in the long run. These study findings support sustained implementation of the daily program in nursing homes. Further analyses of effects on the other outcomes will include blinded DS-DAT assessments, more secondary outcome measures and family caregiver outcomes.
PHYSICAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SUICIDE ATTEMPTS: DO RISKS DIFFER AMONG OUR OLDER VETERANS?
Authors: Bower Emily S , Simons Kelsey , Walsh Patrick G , Ashrafioun Lisham , Orden Kimberly A Van , Bishop Todd M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Physical illness confers risk for late-life suicide, yet few studies report whether risks differ with older age and among Veterans. We examined age-stratified associations between physical illness and suicide attempt among Veterans 65+ years (n=8452, 97% male) from a larger retrospective case-control study that utilized secondary data from the Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse and Suicide Prevention Applications Network. Controls were matched by age, sex, and mental health treatment utilization. Risk estimates for 15 conditions and a combined comorbidity score were stratified by young-old (65-74), middle-old (75-84), and oldest-old (85+), adjusting for age and sex within strata. Neurodegenerative disorder (ORs=4.5, 6.0, 6.5) or dementia (ORs=5.0, 5.7, 4.4) diagnosis within 180 days conferred the highest risks across young-, middle-, and oldest-old. Cerebrovascular disorder was associated with higher risk among the oldest-old versus young-old (ORs=6.1 vs 2.2). Findings differ from reported risks for suicide death. Illness may be experienced differently across later-life.
SOCIAL ISOLATION MEASUREMENT AND OLDER ADULT HEALTH: A REVIEW
Authors: Pohl Janet S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The objectives were to examine social isolation research literature, investigate reports of associations with health, and explore the numerous approaches to operationalize social isolation in gerontological research. While associated with negative health outcomes and mortality, the interpretation of social isolation research is hampered by a lack of conceptual clarity and the use of numerous ad hoc measures of the concept. A systematic search was conducted for published empiric studies regarding social isolation health outcomes in older adult samples. The electronic databases: Medline, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were utilized. Reports including social isolation as an independent variable and health outcomes at the individual level were extracted. Of 2,614 studies initially identified, 14 met study criteria. Study outcomes recognized smoking cessation, sleep disruption, inadequate diet, risk for malnutrition, health-related quality of life, subjective well-being, cognitive function, psychological distress, depression, functional decline, stroke, myocardial infarction, and mortality as related to social isolation. Measurement strategies revealed numerous definitions of social isolation reporting to evaluate objective and subjective social isolation, loneliness, engagement, social disconnectedness, and perceived isolation. Measures utilized: eight ad hoc, three versions of the Lubben Social Network Scale, two versions of the Social Network Index, and one question from the Rand Social Battery. Continuing to develop knowledge regarding the predictive power of social isolation on health is important for the care of older adults. Distinguishing social isolation from related but distinctly different social concepts will facilitate the forward movement of the science. Reliably measuring social isolation will enable the comparison of results across studies.
INNOVATIVE POLICIES AND TECHNOLOGIES TO INCREASE ACCESS TO HEARING AIDS FOR ADULTS
Authors: Yong Michael , Willink Amber , McMahon Catherine , McPherson Bradley , Nieman Carrie L , Reed Nicholas , Lin Frank 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the proportion of older adults in the world’s total population continues to grow, the deleterious downstream health economic outcomes of age-related hearing loss are steadily becoming more prevalent. While recent research has shown that age-related hearing loss is the single greatest modifiable risk factor for dementia, the rate of hearing aid use remains low in many countries across the globe. Reasons for poor uptake are multifactorial and likely involve a combination of factors, ranging from increasing costs of hearing aid technology to lack of widespread insurance coverage. This paper aims to first identify the current state of hearing aid access across the world using eight representative countries as examples. We then provide recommendations on how to facilitate greater access to hearing aids for consumers by addressing areas in regulation, technology, reimbursement, and workforce.
STRENGTH IN AGE-FRIENDLY HEALTH SYSTEMS: AN INNOVATIVE INTEGRATED INTERPROFESSIONAL MODEL
Authors: Kennedy Teri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an innovative conceptual approach to health care policy for older adults: the Age-Friendly Health Systems Integrated Interprofessional Model. In 2017, the John A. Hartford Foundation and Institute for Healthcare Improvement, in partnership with the American Hospital Association and Catholic Health Association of the United States, advanced the concept of an Age-Friendly Health System. This initiative is designed to respond to the needs of a burgeoning U.S. older adult population, expected to double from 2012 to 2050, largely due to the aging of Baby Boomers and increased life expectancy. These Baby Boomers will demand a well-coordinated, communicative health system responsive to their values and preferences. In an Age-Friendly Health System, all older adults receive the best possible care, without care-related harms, and with satisfaction of care received. Essential elements include what matters, mentation, mobility, and medications, with a focus on patient-directed, family-engaged care. While a solid framework for improving healthcare for older adults, this model is further strengthened by incorporating the essential elements of person-, family-, and community-centered approaches to care; interprofessional team-based competencies, and Quadruple Aim outcomes. This enhanced model, referred to as the Age-Friendly Health System Integrated Interprofessional Model, combines elements essential to quality healthcare within the framework of an Age-Friendly Health System. This paper will present the original Age-Friendly Health System framework, the proposed Age-Friendly Health System Integrated Interprofessional Model, then compare and contrast each model’s essential principles. Implications for adoption of this enhanced model for policy, education, and practice will be explored.
SUCCESSFUL AGING IN ALASKA NATIVE ELDERS ACROSS DIVERSE REGIONS
Authors: Kim Steffi M , Wortman Eric , Boyd Keri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Existing conceptualizations of successful aging are mainly based on Western cultures, ignoring the inclusion or exploration of culturally-relevant knowledge within the experience of successful aging. Lewis (2011) drew on the experiences of Elders and identified four elements of Eldership (successfully aging elders) in the Bristol Bay region of Alaska: “a) emotional well-being, b) community engagement, c) spirituality, and d) physical health” (p. 544). Given the unique and distinct environmental locations of this study, this presentation builds upon Lewis previous research and will highlight similarities and differences of Alaska Native successful aging between three rural geographic areas of Alaska. 42 Alaska Native Elders were interviewed from the Norton-Sound subregion, 21 Alaska Native Elders from the Aleutian Pribilof Islands, and 26 Elders from the Bristol Bay region. A community-based, exploratory, qualitative research methodology was used to allow for the collaboration of researchers and communities as equal partners. Qualitative interviews explored the participant’s life, influences on aging well, and their aging process. Thematic analysis was used to establish codes and main themes based on the three different cultural regions of Alaska. Results argue for the expansion and emphasize on social components, historical perspectives, and the importance of place (cultural and geographic differences), as well as generativity and gerotranscendence. Findings will be used to develop community-specific health promotion and prevention programs to help Elders find meaningful activities that promote health and teach individuals to cope with aging-related changes.
A FEASIBILITY STUDY: THE DEVELOPMENT OF WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY FOR INJURY PREVENTION AMONG DIRECT CARE WORKERS
Authors: Young Yuchi , Young Yuchi , Leventhal Mitch , Muckell Jonathan , Raymond Peter E , Erlich Fred , Paynter Christopher 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives: 1) create metrics for lifting techniques and transferring mechanisms, 2) calibrate sensors for data collection 3) identify potential injurious posture among home health aides (HHAs) while transferring patients. Participants: 7 HHAs and a physical therapist. Interview and sensor data were collected. Outcome variables included improper lifting techniques and improper body mechanisms. Obesity of HHAs was associated with worse scores of body mechanics (p &lt; 0.0001), while fear of injury with better body mechanics (p &lt; 0.0001). GEE results identified that twisting the spine during transfers (OR = 6.3; 95% CI: 1.09–36.7) and not using a wide support base when lifting from supine to sitting (OR= 6.0, 95% CI: 2.03–17.7) were associated with improper lifting technique and body mechanics. Results show it is viable to use sensor technology to collect HHAs’ data to design intervention for injury prevention. A larger-scale study is needed to validate the results.
DEVELOPING A SENSOR-BASED MOBILE APPLICATION FOR IN-HOME FRAILTY ASSESSMENT: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Blinka Marcela D , Buta Brian , Bader Kevin , Hanley Casey L , Schoenborn Nancy , McNabney Matthew , Xue Qian-Li 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Frailty is an important concept in the care of older adults, and there is great interest in incorporating user-friendly frailty assessments into research and clinical settings. In-home, sensor-based technologies may provide a more dynamic, sensitive, and accurate assessment of frailty measures. To investigate user perspectives for use of sensor-based technologies and mobile applications, we held five focus groups with community-dwelling older adults (n= 10), their informal caregivers (n=9), and medical professionals (n=8). We used qualitative inductive analysis to organize thematic content. Caregivers and care-recipients viewed the early identification of frailty as beneficial, but highlighted the need for secure data infrastructure and clear demonstration of how frailty assessment would improve care. They also expressed concerns that technology-based communication could reduce in-person interactions. Medical providers noted the utility of objective data for difficult conversations with caregivers of frail patients, but worried about resources for analyses and interpretation of sensor-based health information.
AGEISM IN HEALTH CARE: 72 IS NOT A DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Greenberg Phyllis A , Johnson Tarynn 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This poster examines what value, if any, there is in using age as a predictor or impetus for testing, examining and diagnosing older adults. In a cross sectional survey (Davis et al. (2011) used the Expectations Regarding Aging Scale to assess primary care clinicians perceptions of aging in the domains of physical/mental health and cognitive functioning. Sixty-four percent of respondents agreed with the statement “Having more aches and pains is an accepted part of aging while 61% agreed that the “Human body is like a car when it gets old it gets worn out. And 51% agreed that one should expect to become more forgetful with age while 17% agreed that mental slowness is impossible to escape. How might these attitudes and biases effect how older adults are diagnosed, heard, spoken to, and treated (medical treatment as well as patient/professional interaction)? Are older patients/clients underserved or over served? Is forgetting where you put your keys always or even usually a sign of dementia? How helpful then is the use of age and are there other factors that should and can take precedence? What do we know and what don’t we know if we know someone’s age? Successful and innovative tools are explored that acknowledge age biases and strategies are presented to change age biases in education, training and practice.
THERAPEUTIC DELIVERY OF ANG(1-7) VIA GENETICALLY MODIFIED PROBIOTIC: A DOSING STUDY
Authors: Carter Christy S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aging is associated with loss of diversity in gut microbiota leading to dysbiosis; a condition linked with cognitive/physical frailty. Age-related health benefits have been ascribed to the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), mediated via the angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2 (ACE2)/angiotensin (1-7) or Ang(1-7) axis. A genetically modified probiotic secreting Ang(1-7) or GMP-A, targeting the gut, has been described for diabetes and hypertension; however, we are the first to provide proof of concept for its use in aging. We report that GMP-A increases circulating levels of Ang(1-7) when orally-administered over 4 weeks in aged F344/BN rats. Ongoing experiments examine GMP-A impact on distal tissues (muscle/brain). GMP-A provides translational advantages including ease of administration, production cost, and burden for regulatory approval.
NONHUMAN PRIMATE GUT MICROBIOME: IMPACT OF AGE AND CALORIE RESTRICTION
Authors: Colman Ricki , Rey Federico 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The human microbiome is composed of bacteria, archaea, viruses and eukaryotic microbes that reside in and on our bodies, the largest community of which is in the gut. Although the functions of the gut microbiota are not fully understood, they are known to play an essential role in immune, endocrine, and metabolic functions. To begin to understand the relationship between the gut microbiome, aging, and adult-onset, moderate calorie restriction in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), we collected fecal samples at one timepoint from a total of 52 macaques for 16S rRNA gene analyses. Samples were taken from 20 males and 20 females across the natural macaque age range and from 6 males and 6 females enrolled in the long-term study of aging and calorie restriction at the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center. Preliminary data show that, like humans, NHPs exhibit a large interindividual variation in microbiota composition despite well-controlled environmental conditions.
PATHOLOGICAL TAU ABORTS CELL CYCLE ACTIVATION BY MIMICKING EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL-TRANSITION IN NEURONS
Authors: Phan Roseann V , Beckmann Adrian , Frost Bess E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by neurofibrillary tau tangles and amyloid-ß plaques. Our laboratory uses tau transgenic Drosophila to rapidly test hypotheses along with human brain samples in order to ensure that our work is relevant to clinical endeavors. Using this approach, we identified a neurodegenerative pathway whereby pathological tau over-stabilizes filamentous actin (f-actin), leading to disrupting aberrant nuclear pleomorphisms and decondensation of heterochromatic DNA. Due to the neuronal phenotypes observed in tau-transgenic Drosophila and reentry of post-mitotic neurons into the cell cycle, we hypothesized that tau perturbs the cellular program that maintains terminal neuronal differentiation. Based on RNA-sequencing, we identified prospero as the most differentially expressed and downregulated transcript in tau transgenic flies. Prospero regulates genes that promote and maintain terminal neuronal differentiation. At the protein level, prospero is significantly reduced in tau transgenic flies at 10 days old. We find that over stabilization of f-actin or over-expression of moesin, a cytoskeletal protein known to participate in tumor progression and metastasis, depletes prospero. Using genetically manipulated prospero target genes we find a connection to neurodegeneration. These targets include a PKC, tep4, and knot-suggesting that broad cellular processes are affected by this reduction. Overall, our findings suggest that pathological tau causes cell cycle re-entry by disrupting transcription factors governing terminal neuronal differentiation as well as over-stabilization of f-actin being the driving loss of terminal neuronal differentiation and casually associated with neuronal death.
MICRORNA REGULATORS OF THE SENESCENCE TRANSCRIPTOME
Authors: Rodney O’Wayne , Gorospe Myriam , Abdelmohsen Kotb 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of indefinite growth arrest triggered in response to sublethal stresses such as telomere shortening, DNA damage, oxidative injury, oncogene activation, and hypoxia. Compared with proliferating cells, senescent cells are enlarged, display heterochromatic DNA foci, and express distinct subsets of proteins, including the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-gal). Previously, we identified transcriptome signature of senescent cells. We asked if these transcripts might be regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). To address this question, we identified six miRNAs (miR-129-5p, -19a-3p, -128-3p, -124-3p, -340-5p, and -27b-3p) as potential regulators of subsets of transcripts differentially expressed during senescence. RT-qPCR analysis indicated that miR-129-5p, -19a-3p, -128-3p, -124-3p, and -340-5p were downregulated in senescent cells. We modulated these miRNAs in proliferating WI-38 fibroblasts and found that miRNA antagomirs did not show significant changes in β-gal activity. Interestingly, however, overexpression of miR-124-3p or miR-340-5p increased β-gal activity. We conclude that despite the decrease of miR-124-3p and miR-340-5p in senescent cells, their overexpression enhanced senescence as indicated by β-gal activity. Future analyses will focus on the mechanisms through which these miRNAs induce senescence and their physiologic and pathologic impacts in vivo.
PRIVACY AND SECURITY FOR TELEHEALTH DEVICES
Authors: Thompson London , Farkas Csilla 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this research, we study the privacy and security capabilities provided by telehealth devices. Our aim is to evaluate how vulnerable these popular devices are in the presence of malicious cyber attackers. As older adults increasingly rely on telehealth devices, it is crucial that cybersecurity aspects of these devices are clearly communicated to them. Moreover, older adults frequently lack the technical expertise to evaluate the security and privacy capabilities of the devices. The lack of control over telehealth devices is a major concern for older adults. Older adults view certain limitations within these devices as decreasing their privacy and security. These limitations include the lack of control over accepting calls, taking screenshots, and assigning access privileges. For large scale adaptation of telehealth devices by older adults, it is crucial that these devices not only satisfy their intended purpose but also exhibit user friendly features and strong security and privacy capabilities. Modeling cyber threats against telehealth devices is not studied sufficiently . Malicious actors may compromise telehealth devices and create further threats to security and privacy of the users. In this research, we studied the cyber threats against telehealth devices. We built a threat model that ranks cyber threats based on their impact. We investigated how the operating system of popular devices supports access control. We found that none of the current technologies support location-based access control. We claim that this represents a major limitation and that supporting location-based access control is necessary to ensure users’ privacy in their own home.
PERCEPTIONS OF INDIVIDUALS WHO CONFRONT AGEISM
Authors: Horhota Michelle , Chasteen Alison L , Crumley-Branyon Jessica 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
What are the consequences for older adults who confront ageism? We compared young (n=316), middle-aged (n=464), and older adults’ (n=273) perceptions of an older target who confronts the perpetrator of an ageist action. Participants read a vignette about a pedestrian offering unwanted help to an older woman crossing the street. We manipulated the type of ageism (benevolent or hostile), the reaction of the older target (acceptance, moderate confrontation or strong confrontation) and assessed how impressions of warmth, competence and overall impression of the target changed over time. Type of Ageism x Reaction x Time interactions emerged for all three variables. In the hostile condition, a strong confrontation resulted in the target being rated as less warm, more competent, and the overall impression decreased over time. In contrast, a moderate confrontation increased perceptions of warmth, competence and overall ratings of the target. In the benevolent condition, a strong confrontation decreased perceptions of the target’s warmth, competence and overall impression. Moderate confrontation increased perceptions of target competence but did not change perceptions of warmth or overall impression. Targets that accepted the ageist act were rated lower on warmth for both hostile and benevolent conditions. Competence ratings were not affected. However, targets that accepted benevolent ageism experienced a cost to their overall impression. Taken together, these results suggest that when confronting ageism, older adults should take a moderate approach. When participants perceived the target’s reaction to be incommensurate with the offer of help, the target was viewed more negatively overall.