bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic Surgery for Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Chu Hongwu , Shi Ying , Dou Changwei , Wei Fangqiang , Zhang Chengwu , Zhang Jungang , Huang Dongsheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinomas (GB-NECs) are a group of rare and heterogeneous neoplasms. There are few reports regarding laparoscopic surgery for GB-NEC cases diagnosed at advanced stage.Case presentation: Three patients, two females and one male, were admitted to our hospital. Two patients had the chief complaint of upper quadrant pain and one patient was found to have gallbladder occupation during a routine health checkup. No patient complained jaundice, weight loss, or carcinoid syndrome-related symptoms including diarrhea, edema, ﬂushing and wheezing. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination showed local wall thickening of the gallbladder. In addition, one patient showed focal liver parenchymal invasion, and none of the three patients' preoperative imaging examination revealed lymph nodes (LNs) metastases. All three patients underwent laparoscopic radical cholecystectomy according to intraoperative frozen pathological examination, and they were diagnosed as GB-NEC based on postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry. TNM stages of these patients were ⅢA (T3N0M0), ⅢB (T3N1M0) and ⅣB (T3N2M0), respectively. Chromogranin A (CgA) and synaptophysin (Syn) were positive in all cases. No patient encountered postoperative bleeding, bile leakage, abdominal abscess, gastrointestinal fistulas or pulmonary complication. Two patients underwent postoperative chemotherapy with two cycles and seven cycles of etoposide plus cisplatin, respectively. Another patient did not receive postoperative chemotherapy due to his poor general condition. The overall survival time of three patients was 4.6 months, 16.8 months and 8.5 months, respectively. All three patients presented with liver and/or bile duct recurrence after surgery with the tumor-free survival time of 2.3 months, 3.3 months and 3.0 months, respectively.Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery may be considered as a potential treatment for advanced GB-NEC in selected patients. However, further studies are needed to investigate the tumor-free survival benefit of laparoscopic surgery, and whether expanding the resection scope could reduce postoperative recurrence.
The Reliability of an Artificial Intelligence Tool, ‘Decision Trees’, in Emergency Medicine Triage
Authors: AYDIN Alp Giray , Eray Oktay , SAYRAC Ali Vefa , OSKAY Alten , ULUSAR Umit Deniz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: Overcrowding is a challenge for emergency departments throughout the world. Triage systems categorize the patients based on medical emergencies in order to avoid the malpractices. The present study aimed to test the validity of an artificial intelligence tool, ‘Decision Trees’, in emergency medicine triage. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, clinical study was conducted in an emergency department of a tertiary care hospital. A total of 1999 patients over 18 years were included into the study. The triage stuff were trained before the study with the Australasian Triage Scale. Two independent observers rate the ultimate triage category of study patients. A new algorithym by ‘Decision Trees’ was constructed at the end of the study. Results: The mean age of the study patients were 41.1±17,2 and 49.1 % of them (n=981) were male. There were 867 patients (43.3%) with triage category of five and 14 (0.7%) patients with triage category one. The most common clinical descriptors of the patients were minimal pain with no high risk features 20.5% of them (n=409) and minor symptoms of low risk conditions 18.1% of them (n=362). There was an excellent consistency between two independent observers (kappa value: 0.997. The new algorithm by ‘Decision Trees’ rated wrong in only one patient. The accuracy rate was 99.9%. The consistency between ATS and ‘Decision Trees was excellent (kappa value: 0.999). There was average consistency between physicians and paramedics. (kappa value: 0.541).Conclusion: Decision trees as an artificial intelligence model should be used for producing practical triage algorithms as a decision support tool in emergency departments.
Eliminating TRF-related System Errors Through Recursive TRF&nbsp;Realization Strategy for the CMONOC&nbsp;GPS&nbsp;Stations
Authors: wu weiwei , Meng Guojie , Wu Jicang , Zhao Guoqiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It is vital in the study of crustal deformation to reduce system errors and enhance the accuracy of GPS coordinate time series. To eliminate system errors associated in the coordinate time series, which are related to the terrestrial reference frame (TRF) realization, we develop a recursive TRF realization strategy in regional GPS data processing. We have processed the whole set of CMONOC (Crustal Movement Observation Network of China) GPS data by the Bernese software, and employ the controlled datum removal (CDR) filter to solve the rank defect problem in the daily coordinate normal equations. On the recursive TRF realization of stations’ coordinates, we iteratively perform time series modeling with integral trajectory models, TRF realization with all continuous stations treated as “pseudo” fiducial stations, and frame alignment to the ITRF2014 with the 6-parameters Helmert transformation. We obtain the final coordinate time series through 3 times of iterations for the CMONOC data. Compared to the results derived from the conventional TRF realization strategy with the average root mean squares (RMS) being 1.98mm, 2.62 mm and 5.39 mm for east, north and up components, respectively, the average RMS earn significant reduction up to 30%, 43% and 16% in the first loop, with their quantities being 1.41 mm, 1.51 mm and 4.57 mm for east, north and up components, respectively, and negligible changes in the following 2 loops. In contrast to previous studies, our strategy is feasible in the processing of regional geodetic networks, and is concentrated on the TRF-related system errors without any pre-assumption and spatial limitation. In essence, our recursive strategy is to tighten the constraints for the CMONOC GPS stations in the TRF realization through the leaning of the barycenter of the processed geodetic network, thus inevitably loosening the constraints for other globally distributed stations, and slightly magnifying their RMS. On the whole, the north component of coordinates time series has a maximum RMS reduction, resulting in identical precision for both horizontal components, thus indicating that our strategy remedies the frame defects stemming from the extremely uneven distribution of the reference network, and retrieves the “real” precision of GPS observations. The insignificant RMS reduction on the vertical component may be attributed to insufficient time series modeling. Our recursive TRF realization strategy can benefit the velocity estimation for campaign stations.
Gut Microbial Variation May Predict Neonatal Jaundice and Microbial Alterations After Treatment
Authors: Ding Juan , Ma Xiao , Han Liping , Zhao Xianlan , Li Ang , Xin Qi , Lian Weining , Li Zhen , Ren Hongyan , Ren Zhigang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common disease that affects up to 60% of newborns and the relationship between early gut microbiome and development of neonatal jaundice is not fully understood. This study aims to characterize gut microbiome of newborns and to explore its association with risk of neonatal jaundice.Methods: We collected 257 fecal samples from 58 infants at 5 time points of 0, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months prospectively, and finally 114 samples from 6 neonatal jaundice infants (NJI) with treatment and 19 matched non-NJI completed Miseq sequencing and analysis. We characterized gut microbiome, identified microbial differences and gene functions. Results: Meconium microbial diversity from NJI was decreased versus non-NJI. Genus Gemella was decreased in NJI versus non-NJI. Eleven predicted microbial functions including fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase III and Pyruvate carboxylase subunit B decreased, while 3 functions including acetyl CoA acyltransferase increased in NJI. After treatments, microbial community presented a significant alterations based beta-diversity. Phylum Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were increased, while Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria were decreased. Microbial alterations were also analyzed between 6 recovery NJI and 19 non-NJI. Conclusion: Gut microbiota was unique in meconium microbiome from NJI, implying early gut microbiome intervention could be promising for the management of neonatal jaundice. Alterations of gut microbiota from NJI can be of great value to bolster evidence-based prevention against ‘bacterial dysbiosis’.
Impact of COVID-19 and Associated Preventive Measures on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in South Korea: An Observational Study
Authors: Sohn Minji , Koo Bo Kyung , Lim Soo , Yoon Ho Il , Song Kyoung-Ho , Kim Eu Suk , Kim Hong Bin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have been required to follow preventive measures such as social distancing or staying at home, which can lead to an unhealthy lifestyle. We investigated the effect of these preventive measures on metabolic parameters in individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods: Using data for patients who visited a tertiary hospital in South Korea at least twice a year for the past 4 years, changes in clinical and biochemical data from the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2020) were compared with changes in the same data at the same annual time points during the three previous seasons of 2016–2019.Results: Among 7,094 patients, data for 1,485 were included. Systolic blood pressure increased by 2.6 ± 18.2 mmHg in the COVID-19 pandemic period compared with the 2018–2019, 2017–2018, and 2016–2017 seasons: –1.4 ± 16.5 mmHg, –2.8 ± 14.3 mmHg, and –0.7 ± 14.3 mmHg, respectively; all p < 0.05. The body mass index increased by 0.09 ± 1.16 kg/m2 in the 2019–2020 pandemic season whereas it changed by –0.39 ± 3.03 kg/m2 in 2018–2019 and by –0.34 ± 2.18 kg/m2 in 2017–2018 (both p <0.05). Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels worsened in the pandemic season compared with the previous three. Fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels also showed increasing tendencies during the pandemic, but without significance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients whose metabolic syndrome worsened increased significantly by 21% compared with the 2018–2019 season. The 10-year coronary heart disease risk calculated using the Framingham risk score also increased significantly.Conclusions: Comorbidity and mortality arising from cardiometabolic disorders as collateral damage during COVID-19 infections and preventive procedures could have major impacts on human health in the future. Nationwide strategies to reverse the aggravation of cardiometabolic health during a pandemic should be implemented in countries attempting to cope with it.
Computed Tomography-Estimated Pancreatic Steatosis is a Risk Factor for Carotid Plaque in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sun Pengtao , Fan Chunzhi , Wang Rengui , Chu Tongwei , Sun Xiaoli , Zhang Dongxue , Du Xuechao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Pancreatic steatosis correlates with the thickness of arterial intima. However, the correlation between pancreatic steatosis and carotid atherosclerosis plaque, which better predict the prognosis of cardiovascular disease, is unclear. We aimed to explore potential effects of pancreatic fat content measured by computer tomography (CT) on carotid plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Patients with T2DM who underwent CT scan of the upper abdomen and ultrasound of the carotid artery were consecutively enrolled. Based on ultrasound results, the patients were divided into non-plaque group and plaque group, and the latter was categorized into hypoechoic plaque subgroup and non-hypoechoic plaque subgroup. The CT attenuation of pancreas and spleen were measured. Pancreas-to-spleen attenuation ratio (P/S) and difference between pancreatic and splenic attenuation (P-S) were calculated. The cut-off values of P/S and P-S were obtained using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate association of P/S or P-S with carotid plaque or hypoechoic plaque.Results A total of 337 patients with T2DM were enrolled, including 101 cases (30.0%) in the non-plaque group, 146 cases (43.3%) in the hypoechoic plaque subgroup, and 90 cases (26.7%) in the non-hypoechoic plaque subgroup. P/S and P-S in plaque group were lower than those in non-plaque group, with a cut-off value of P/S and P-S as 0.72 and -13.33, respectively. After adjusting for risk factors, P/S and P-S correlated with carotid plaque [for low P/S: OR (95% CI): 3.15 (1.47-6.73), P=0.0031; for low P-S: OR (95% CI): 2.84 (1.42-5.66), P=0.0031] as well as carotid hypoechoic plaque [for low P/S: OR (95% CI): 1.82 (1.07-3.08), P=0.0259; for low P-S: OR (95% CI): 1.82 (1.09-3.02), P=0.021].Conclusions T2DM patients with carotid plaque have higher pancreatic fat content than those without. Pancreatic steatosis correlates with carotid plaque and hypoechoic plaque in T2DM patients.
Women’s Experiences of Induction of Labour With Low-dose Misoprostol Oral Tablets Compared With Slow-release Vaginal Insert. A Prospective Cohort Study Based on Questionnaires.
Authors: Hansen Karen Hell , Jeppegaard Maria , Eriksson Axelina , Jeppesen Sarah C. B. , Krebs Lone 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to compare nulliparous women’s experiences of induction of labour with two different regimens of misoprostol.Methods: In two different hospitals, nulliparous women undergoing medical induction of labour were asked to complete a questionnaire after delivery. We adapted a validated questionnaire regarding mood and feelings during induction of labour, experience of labour and experience of induction.The questionnaire was completed by 123 (42.7%) of 288 eligible women; 57 (46.3%) had been allocated to oral misoprostol and 66 (53.7%) to slow-release vaginal insert. An independent-samples T-test was used for comparison of parametric continuous variables and a Pearson chi-square test was used for categorical data.Results: Women induced with oral misoprostol experienced a more painful induction of labour (p=0.019) and described feeling the length of stay at hospital as too long (p=0.028). The overall experience of giving birth after induction of labour was reported as “good” among 87.8% of women induced with oral misoprostol compared to 72.7% of women induced with slow-release misoprostol vaginal insert (p=0.039). Conclusions: Induction with low-dose oral misoprostol in nulliparous women is associated with experience of more pain and longer duration but overall a more positive experience of labour compared with induction with slow-release misoprostol vaginal insert.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT02693587 on February 262,016.EudraCT number 2020–000366-42 on 23 January 2020, retrospectively registered.
An integrated genome-wide model for hookah constituents-gene-pathway-disease relationships
Authors: Huang Sing-Han , Chuang Yi-Hsuan , Luo Yong-Chun , Liu Wei-Ting , Lee Jung-Yu , Gordon Terry , Sun Hong , Pathak Nikhil , Lai Wen-Sen , Chen Lung-Chi , Yang Jinn-Moon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hookah smoking is becoming increasingly popular worldwide and recent epidemiological studies indicate that it is significantly associated with respiratory diseases, and could contain constituents more harmful than cigarette smoking. However, the gene expression alterations and mechanisms of disease development induced by the hookah constituents are still unclear. Here, we are the first to propose a new experimental design and use RNA sequencing to profile bronchial epithelial cells from different hookah smoking exposure conditions (GSE162386). For our hookah-smoking dataset, we developed an integrated genome-wide model, hierarchical-systems biology model (HiSBiM), to systematically investigate the effects of smoking hookah and to compare the biological pathways with public cigarette smoking datasets. Our results show that the infectious disease-related pathways were enriched in hookah smoking than in cigarette smoking, which could be due to polluted hookah devices or pathogen contaminated water filters. Furthermore, we investigate the subsystem and pathway differences in hookah smoking between charcoal and electronic heating ways. We observed that cardiovascular and atherosclerosis-related pathways were activated after exposure to charcoal combustion, which may relate to combustion components carbon monoxide and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Overall, our results show that hookah smoking could involve a higher risk in several diseases than cigarette smoking and link the relations between hookah constituents to diseases. We believe that our HiSBiM is a useful integrated method for providing multiple-level valued insights for genome-wide analysis on various omics data sets.
Effect of Daidzein on the Proliferation of Lung Cancer Cells Involved in the Apoptotic Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Hui , Wang Xiaobo , Jin Ouyang , Fu Denggang , Peng You , Cheng Chengquan , Xiong Xiaowei , Huang Shaoxin , wang xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Daidzein is one of the key bioactive substances of soybean isoflavones that has a wide range of health benefits includes antineoplastic. Epidemiological evidence suggests that soy glycogen is associated with the incidence and prognosis of lung cancer. we purposed to assess the effect and molecular mechanism of daidzein on lung cancer, and to maximize therapy outcome for individualized treatment. Methods: In this report, H1299 were cultured in a medium with 10 μM daidzein for 6 hours , we detected the expression level of apoptosis-related genes in H1299 by cDNA microarray analysis. The selected genes were further validated by using RT-PCR analysis and Western blot. Finally, We usedflow cytometry to detect cell cycle alterations, and apoptosis the proliferation and apoptosis in HELF and H1299 cells were detected by Cell counting kit-8 assays. Results: These results indicate that low concentrations of isoflavone crude extract and daidzein could significantly affect the proliferation of H1299 (Human lung adenocarcinoma) and HELF (Human embryonic lung fibroblast) cells. The results of microarray in our study suggest that apoptosis-related genes are up-regulated induced by daidzein in H1299 cells and verified by RT-qPCR, particularly TP53 and caspase9. Western blotting shows the effect of daidzein on P53 and caspase9 in HELF cells be more obvious than it in H1299 cells. While the expression of TP53 was suppressed by pifithrin-α (PFTα) in HELF and H1299 cells, the mRNA and protein expression of TP53 still increase induced by daidzein, also, the effect of apoptosis induced by daidzein is involved in the P53 apoptosis pathway through inhibition of TP53 gene expression by PFTα. Conclusions: In conclusion, daidzein affected proliferation and apoptosis in HELF and H1299 cells, and the mechanism of apoptosis involved in the P53 signaling pathway.
A Logistic Regression Model for The Prediction of HBV-Related Cirrhosis
Authors: Luo Chang-Liang , Zhang Zhong-Lin , Wu Long , Wei Diao , Chen Hao , Wei Xiu-Qi , Zhang Wu-Wen , Hu Han-Ning , Wang Fu-Bing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cirrhosis is one of the most severe complications at the late stage of chronic HBV infection. The liver biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. However, a liver biopsy is associated with the risk of severe complications and a high cost. It is therefore necessary to find several biomarkers for the diagnosis of HBV-related cirrhosis. Methods: The research was proceeded to evaluate the diagnostic value of hematological parameters to find the surrogate markers in HBV-related cirrhosis. The research was proceeded on the training set, which was recruited from Zhongnan Hospital, including 102 HBV-related cirrhosis and 102 healthy individuals. The levels of selected hematological parameters were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of these parameters. A logistic regression model was built and validated using four validation sets consisting of 261 patients.Results: The result show that the level of RDW, MPV, MPV/PC ratio, PLR and NLR were all significantly higher in HBV-related cirrhosis patients compared to healthy individuals. Most of these parameters owned a moderate AUC in HBV-related cirrhosis patients. However, their diagnostic sensitivities or specificities were unsatisfactory. Therefore, a logistic regression model was built by combining these hematological parameters. The model showed great diagnostic value with the AUC of 0.987, sensitivity of 96.1% and specificity of 95.1%. Besides, the other four validation sets were generated to validate the logistic regression model and all showed good AUC with moderate specificities and sensitivities. Conclusions: The data indicate that the model might be substantially useful for the diagnosis of HBV-related cirrhosis.
Body Mass Index is an Independent Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury After Urgent Aortic Arch Surgery for Acute Debakey Type I Aortic Dissection
Authors: Liu Taoshuai , Fu Yuwei , Liu Jie , Liu Yongmin , Zhu Junming , Sun Lizhong , Gong M.D. Ming , Dong Ran , Zhang Hongjia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Aortic arch surgery and obesity are both related to risk of acute kidney injury. Our hypothesis was the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury increases when the body mass index increases in patients underwent urgent aortic total arch replacement surgery for acute Debakey Type I aortic dissection.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in Beijing Anzhen hospital from December 2015 to April 2017. All patients receiving urgent aortic total arch replacement surgery with a frozen elephant trunk implant for acute Debakey Type I aortic dissection were included. Body mass index was calculated based on height and weight. Acute kidney injury was diagnosed depended on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes standards. Results: We included 115 consecutive patients in this timeframe. There were 53.0% (n=61) patients had acute kidney injury. Mean age was 47.8±10.7 years; 25.2% were women. Mean body mass index was 26.2±3.9 kg/m2. In-hospital mortality was obvious increased in the acute kidney injury group (13.1% vs 1.9%; P=0.025). Multivariate logistic regression showed that body mass index was associated with postoperative acute kidney injury after adjust other confounding factors (odds ratio=1.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.34; P =0.012).Conclusions: Body mass index was an independent predictor of acute kidney injury after urgent aortic total arch replacement surgery with a frozen elephant trunk implant.