bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor type 1 (Crhr1) neurons: validating the specificity of a novel transgenic Crhr1-FlpO mouse
Authors: Hardy Mason , Chen Yuncai , Baram Tallie Z. , Justice Nicholas J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) signaling through its cognate receptors, CRHR1 and CRHR2, contributes to diverse stress-related functions in the mammalian brain. Whereas CRHR2 is predominantly expressed in choroid plexus and blood vessels, CRHR1 is abundantly expressed in neurons in discrete brain regions, including the neocortex, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens. Activation of CRHR1 influences motivated behaviors, emotional states, and learning and memory. However, it is unknown whether alterations in CRHR1 signaling contribute to aberrant motivated behaviors observed, for example, in stressful contexts. These questions require tools to manipulate CRHR1 selectively. Here we describe and validate a novel Crhr1-FlpO mouse. Using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenesis, we engineered a transgenic mouse that expresses FlpO recombinase in CRHR1-expressing cells. We used two independent methods to assess the specificity of FlpO to CRHR1-expressing cells. First, we injected Crhr1-FlpO mice with Flp-dependent viruses expressing fluorescent reporter molecules. Additionally, we crossed the Crhr1-FlpO mouse with a transgenic Flp-dependent reporter mouse. CRHR1 and reporter molecules were identified using immunocytochemistry and visualized via confocal microscopy in several brain regions in which CRHR1 expression and function is established. Expression of Flp-dependent viral constructs was highly specific to CRHR1-expressing cells in all regions examined (over 90% co-localization). In accord, robust and specific expression of the Flp-dependent transgenic reporter was observed in a reporter mouse, recapitulating endogenous CRHR1 expression. The Crhr1-FlpO mouse enables selective genetic access to CRHR1-expressing cells within the mouse brain. When combined with Cre-lox or site-specific recombinases, the mouse facilitates intersectional manipulations of CRHR1-expressing neurons.
Clinical outcomes of modified left ventricular assist device driveline management
Authors: Imaoka Shusuke , Kashiyama Noriyuki , Yoshioka Daisuke , Saito Shunsuke , Kawamura Takuji , Kawamura Ai , Matsuura Ryohei , Misumi Yusuke , Toda Koichi , Miyagawa Shigeru 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLeft ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are implanted in patients with heart failure to support cardiac circulation. However, no standardized methods have been established for LVAD driveline exit site management for the prevention of infections. Therefore, this study evaluated the efficacy of modified driveline management compared with that of conventional driveline management. We retrospectively assessed the outcomes of 262 patients who underwent continuous-flow LVAD implantation between January 2005 and March 2023 at Osaka University in Japan. In conventional driveline management, an LVAD driveline penetrates the skin along the body surface and is fixed near the penetration site (n = 224). In contrast, in our modified fixation method, the LVAD driveline vertically penetrates the skin to prevent ischemia at the driveline exit site and is fixed at a distant abdominal site to prevent the movement of the driveline exit site due to body movement (n = 38). The rates of freedom from LVAD driveline infection in patients with conventional driveline management were 86, 75, and 63% at 1, 2, and 3 years after LVAD implantation, respectively. The rate of freedom from LVAD driveline infection in patients managed by the modified fixation method was 91% at 1, 2, as well as 3 years after LVAD implantation. The freedom rates from LVAD driveline infection in the patients with modified fixation method was lower than in the patients with the conventional method (p = 0.04). Our study revealed that the modified fixation method may offer the possibility for preventing LVAD driveline infection.
Vole hunting: novel predatory and carnivorous behavior by California ground squirrels
Authors: Smith Jennifer E. , Ingbretson Joey E. , Miner Mackenzie M. , Oestreicher Ella C. , Podas Mari L. , Ravara Tia A. , Teles Lupin M. L. , Wahl Jada C. , Todd Lucy M. , Wild Sonja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dietary flexibility allows animals to respond adaptively to food pulses in the environment. Here we document the novel emergence of widespread hunting of California voles and carnivorous feeding behavior by California ground squirrels. Over two months in the twelfth year of a long-term study on the squirrel population, we document 74 events of juvenile and adult ground squirrels of both sexes depredating, consuming, and/or competing over vole prey. Our video footage, photographic evidence, and direct observations of marked individual squirrels provide insights into the ecological circumstances favoring behavioral flexibility in foraging associated with a decadal peak in vole abundance. Digital video images related to the article are available at http://www.momo-p.com/showdetail-e.php?movieid=momo241126ob01a.
The economic burden of asthma in Italy: evaluating the potential impact of different treatments in adult patients with severe eosinophilic asthma
Authors: Scortichini Matteo , Mennini Francesco Saverio , Marcellusi Andrea , Paoletti Martina , Tomino Carlo , Sciattella Paolo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition that significantly impacts public health, with severe asthma subtypes, such as severe eosinophilic asthma, imposing substantial socioeconomic burdens.

Methods
Real-world data from the Italian Health Information System were analyzed to evaluate the economic consequences of asthma in Italy. An in-depth comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the economic implications of various asthma subtypes, focusing on severe eosinophilic asthma. Additionally, the study projected the potential cost-effectiveness of novel treatments aimed at reducing hospitalization rates, specialist visits, and oral corticosteroid use for patients with severe eosinophilic asthma in Italy.

Results
The analysis revealed that severe asthma, and notably severe eosinophilic asthma, places a substantial economic burden on the Italian National Health System. Estimates demonstrated that implementing innovative treatments to mitigate the risks of hospitalization and specialist visits, as well as reducing oral corticosteroid usage in severe eosinophilic asthma patients, could lead to significant cost savings. The cost-consequence analysis indicated potential yearly reductions of €50.0 million (27%) for the treatment of severe asthma and €31.7 million (26%) for severe eosinophilic asthma.

Conclusions
This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the economic repercussions of severe asthma in Italy. The findings emphasize the necessity of identifying and developing effective therapeutic strategies to improve the management of severe asthma while simultaneously reducing the economic burden on the healthcare system. These results offer valuable insights for healthcare policymakers and practitioners, facilitating evidence-based decisions in asthma management and healthcare policy in Italy.
An educational model of equity and computing: a study of marginalized student experience during COVID pandemic
Authors: Li Qing , Moallem Mahnaz , Boettinger Jeremy , Cai Qijie , Levi Michael 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAiming to promote equity in computing, this study proposes an educational model that offers an alternative approach to inspire K-12 students to become interested in CS and develop their computational thinking (CT) skills. It also examines the experience of marginalized students during the COVID pandemic in a learning environment grounded in the model. Adopting a mixed methods case study, this work focused on the experience of 82 girls enrolled in a free after school program. The results show that access to the opportunities is critical to promote equity. The experience allows the underrepresented population, i.e. the girls, to gain deepened understanding of not only CT/CS, but also other topics like work ethics, digital citizenship, and how to work with peers to achieve goals. The girls have also broadened their views of computing related fields by working on meaningful projects that demonstrated the value of abstract concepts of coding and programming. A combination of human facilitators and well-constructed tutorials has the potential of improving girls’ self-study skills and preparing them to become more independent learners.
Is there still a place for etomidate in the management of Cushing’s syndrome? The experience of a single center of low-dose etomidate and combined etomidate-osilodrostat treatment in severe hypercortisolemia
Authors: Dzialach Lukasz , Sobolewska Joanna , Respondek Wioleta , Wojciechowska-Luzniak Agnieszka , Kuca Pawel , Witek Przemysław 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Severe Cushing’s syndrome (SCS) is a life-threatening endocrine condition that requires prompt medical intervention. Intravenous etomidate infusion is considered to be the most effective in rapid cortisol overproduction inhibition. This single-center retrospective study aimed to present the safety and effectiveness of intravenous, low-dose, lipid-formulated etomidate infusion in patients with SCS.

Methods
Seven patients with complicated SCS related to ectopic ACTH syndrome (n = 6) or Cushing’s disease (n = 1) who received low-dose etomidate infusion as a part of their cortisol-lowering treatment between April 2019 and April 2024 in the Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes of Medical University of Warsaw were included in the study. A continuous etomidate infusion was initiated at 0.01–0.02 mg/kg/h.

Results
In all patients, rapid control of hypercortisolemia was achieved with a median time of 30 h (range: 12–48 h). Median serum cortisol concentration reduced from 101.9 μg/dL (range: 78.2–119.6 μg/dL) before etomidate to 19.5 μg/dL (range: 18.3–22.5) after 72 h of etomidate treatment. Etomidate infusion was followed by etomidate and osilodrostat combined treatment and then osilodrostat monotherapy in four patients; one patient underwent adrenalectomy, and two patients died during etomidate infusion due to complications of advanced malignancy.

Conclusions
This study shows that low-dose and short-term lipid formulation etomidate therapy is highly effective in severe hypercortisolemia management. Combined therapy with etomidate and osilodrostat is well tolerated and could serve as a bridge in long-term SCS treatment.
Reciprocal effects between life satisfaction and help expectancy in China
Authors: Cheung Chau-kiu , Yu Zhuoer 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Reciprocal effects between life satisfaction and help expectancy or predicted help in the future are plausible but obscure and debatable theoretically and empirically. The plausibility rests on exchange theory regarding satisfaction and help as exchangeable favors. However, help expectancy, largely empirically uncharted, can signify social demand and dependency impeding satisfaction. This debate urges the present study to use a panel survey of 12,000 residents in China from 2015 to 2018 to estimate the reciprocal effects simultaneously. Results show statistically significant reciprocal contributions between life satisfaction and help expectancy, controlling for their prior states in the resident and his or her spouse. Notably, the concurrent contribution of help expectancy to life satisfaction was slight and only half of the reverse contribution. Meanwhile, lagged reciprocal effects between life satisfaction and help expectancy were nonsignificant. Results thus imply that promoting help expectancy would only be slightly effective in advancing life satisfaction.
Rare case of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive gastric remnant cancer after bariatric surgery—case report
Authors: Wagner Carolin-Sophie , Schartner Melanie , Nehoda Hermann , Rainer Peter P. , Schnallinger Michael 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Parallel to the increasing number of patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome, the number of bariatric procedures is rapidly growing. Gastric bypass is the surgery of choice due to its high efficiency and safety profile; however, subsequent assessment and surveillance of the excluded stomach poses considerable challenges. Gastric remnant cancer is a rare entity and only a few cases have been published in the literature. Here, we report the first case of a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive gastric cancer in the excluded remnant in a 58-year-old man with a history of bariatric Roux-en‑Y gastric bypass surgery. This case highlights the challenge of cancer surveillance in the eliminated stomach and chemotherapeutic treatment after bariatric surgery. Furthermore, we address the efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan as a second-line therapy in HER2-positive gastric cancer.
Quantitative method and influencing factors analysis of demand response performance of air conditioning load with rebound effect
Authors: Wang Ran , Xin Xiaoyue , Liu Jiatao , Lu Shilei , Sun Yongjun , Zhao Wenduan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Under the emerging trend of the new power systems, enhancing the energy flexibility of air conditioning loads to promote electricity demand response is crucial for regulating the real-time balance. As a typical temperature-controlled loads, air conditioning loads can generate rebound effect when participating in demand response, resulting in sudden load increases and posing risks to grid security. However, the existing research mainly focuses on the energy flexibility, which leads to an imperfect demand response mechanism and thus affects the optimal scheduling strategy. Therefore, the study proposes a comprehensive quantification method in view of rebound effect for the demand response performance of air conditioning loads, by using probability distribution, Latin hypercube sampling, Monte Carlo simulation, and scenario analysis methods. The demand response event was divided into response phase and recovery phase, and by considering energy flexibility during the response phase and rebound effect during the recovery phase, three dimensionless evaluation indexes for comprehensive demand response performance were constructed. Using this quantification method, the impact patterns of three types of random variables were compared, including meteorological, design variables, and control variables. Additionally, considering the differences in building types (office and hotel buildings) and building capacities (small, medium, and large), the effectiveness of air conditioning load participation in demand response measures in different building application scenarios was explored. The results show that the influence of the design variables on the response performance is less than that of the control variables, but significant, reaching 45% compared to the control variables. Moreover, the influence varies with building type, capacity and climate zone, and building demand response design has more potential in the following scenarios: the cold climate, the hot summer and cold winter climate, the medium building and the hotel building.
Short-term heat exposure at sublethal temperatures reduces sperm quality in males of a solitary bee species, Osmia cornifrons
Authors: Mokkapati Jaya Sravanthi , Hehl Johanna , Straub Lars , Grozinger Christina M. , Boyle Natalie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Increased temperature variability and extreme weather events associated with climate change can be detrimental to bees and lead to their population declines. While there is some research on the effects of heatwaves on insect biology and reproduction, impacts on male insect reproduction are not well described. Solitary bees may be more exposed to temperature variation than social bees, since there is no mitigation by group thermoregulation. Here, we evaluated the effects of sublethal heat exposure (at 30 °C and 38 °C) on reproductive fitness of adult males of a solitary bee species, Osmia cornifrons. After 4 h of heat exposure, bees were maintained at 24 °C for 48 h in laboratory cages to reach sexual maturity and later analyzed for sperm abundance (quantity) and proportion of viable sperm (quality). Bees that were reared and maintained at 24 °C served as controls. Despite rehabilitation after heat exposure, both sperm quantity and quality of male O. cornifrons bees were significantly reduced in heat-treated groups compared to controls. These results demonstrate that the exposure to elevated non-lethal temperatures, even for short periods and allowing time for recovery, may negatively affect the reproductive capacity of male solitary bees. Our findings reveal a possible mechanistic explanation for wild bee population declines. Given the importance of solitary bee species (such as O. cornifrons) in natural and agricultural landscapes, our study provides valuable insights into the potential consequences of climate change on these insect populations and the ecosystems they inhabit.
Microstructural insights into the coarse-grained heat-affected zone of a high-strength all-weld metal: Development of a continuous cooling transformation diagram
Authors: Schrittwieser Daniel , Marin Morales David , Pahr Hannes , Lumper Lea Andrea , Glushko Oleksandr , Schnitzer Ronald 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The present study deals with the development of a continuous cooling transformation diagram corresponding to the coarse-grained heat-affected zone of a high-strength all-weld metal with a minimum yield strength of 1100 MPa fabricated via gas metal arc welding. Dilatometry tests were conducted to determine the transition temperatures. High-resolution imaging methods, such as transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography, as well as nanoindentation, were employed to resolve the microstructural constituents. At fast cooling rates (t
8/5 from 1.4 to 25 s), the microstructure comprises a mixture of martensite and coalesced bainite, with a slight increase in the content of coalesced bainite with faster cooling. This demonstrates that coalesced bainite cannot be avoided in the coarse-grained heat-affected zone of the current alloy by increasing the cooling rate. With slower cooling (t
8/5 ≥ 50 s), the microstructure becomes increasingly bainitic, accompanied by a marginal drop in Vickers hardness. At t
8/5 times of 500 s and 1000 s, the all-weld metal consists of granular bainite with significant amounts of retained austenite and different shaped martensite-austenite constituents. The coarser massive-type constituents contain body-centered cubic grains, sized in the hundreds of nanometers, with a hardness approximately twice as high as that of the surrounding bainitic matrix.
Mental Illness Stigma in Black, Latina/o, and Asian Americans
Authors: Subica Andrew M. , Link Bruce G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMental illness stigma has significant psychiatric consequences and can impede mental health treatment seeking, especially among racial minority groups; who are understudied in stigma research and experience striking treatment disparities. Guided by a novel empirical model of racial minority stigma and treatment seeking, this study investigated stigma and its effects on treatment seeking in Black, Latina/o, and Asian American adults. Data were collected via national panel survey from 613 Black, Latina/o, and Asian American adults. Perceptions of mental illness including seriousness, treatability, causal attributions, desired social distancing, and perceived dangerousness were assessed. Data were analyzed and compared with a nationally representative sample of the U.S. public from the 2018 General Social Survey. Minority participants exhibited stronger mental illness stigma than the U.S. public, with Black, Latina/o, and Asian American participants largely perceiving mental illness as less serious, less treatable, and desiring greater social distance from individuals with major depression, who were perceived as potentially dangerous. Notably, different stigma components significantly associated with willingness to seek treatment differently across Black, Latina/o, and Asian American participants. Overall, study findings indicate that mental illness stigma is strong and associates with treatment seeking in Black, Latina/o, and Asian Americans, suggesting a need to develop culturally tailored interventions to reduce stigma and associated treatment utilization disparities in these underserved minority groups.
The Role of Optimism and Self-Efficacy in the Relationship between Academic Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Medical Students Including the Use and Knowledge of Structural Health Promotion Offers
Authors: Arnold Annika , Gaum Petra Maria , Lang Jessica 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
In recent years, studies have highlighted that stress levels among medical students are alarmingly high. The study aim was to examine how academic stress and depressive symptoms in medical students are affected by individual moderators (self-efficacy/optimism) and structural influencing factors (health promotion offers).

Methods
Data collection occurred at three measurement points during the first 1.5 years at a medical school in Germany [baseline measurement (BM; Winter 2019, 226 participants), follow-up measurement 1 (FUM1; Summer 2020, 106 participants) and follow-up measurement 2 (FUM2; Winter 2020, 107 participants)]. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted with the data of FUM1 and FUM2, BM being only cross-sectionally analyzed as a baseline measurement. Interactions were calculated cross-sectionally with multiple linear regressions, and longitudinally with mixed effects models.

Results
Academic stress was positively correlated with depressive symptoms cross-sectionally. In the longitudinal sample, optimism was found to moderate the association between academic stress and depressive symptoms, while the moderating effect of self-efficacy was found cross-sectionally for FUM2. “University sports offers” was the most-used health promotion offer for both FUM1 and FUM2. The other services, especially “psychological counseling”, were rarely used by the students. The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased during the study course (BM: 4.9%; FUM1: 25.5%; FUM2: 23.4%).

Conclusion
The increase of depressive symptoms linked to rising academic stress within the study course is alarming. Individual attributes such as optimism and self-efficacy have a moderating role on the relationship between academic stress and depressive symptoms and prevention offers may affect those individual attributes.
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