bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An effcient exact Bayesian method For state space models with stochastic volatility
Authors: Huang Yu-Fan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper introduces a Bayesian MCMC method, referred to as a marginalized mixture sampler, for state space models whose disturbances follow stochastic volatility processes. The marginalized mixture sampler is based on a mixture-normal approximation of the log-χ2distribution, but it is implemented without the need to simulate the mixture indicator variable. The key innovation is to use the filter ing scheme developed by Kim (Kim C.-J. 1994. “Dynamic Linear Models with Markov-Switching.”Journal of Econometrics60: 1–22.) and the forward-filtering backward-sampling algorithm to generate a proposal series of the latent stochastic volatility process. The proposal series is then accepted according to the Metropolis-Hastings acceptance probability. The new sampler is examined within an unobserved component model and a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive model, and it reduces substantially the correlations between MCMC draws.
Effects of a Multi-ingredient Beverage on Recovery of Contractile Properties, Performance, and Muscle Soreness After Hard Resistance Training Sessions
Authors: Naclerio Fernando , Larumbe-Zabala Eneko , Cooper Kelly , Seijo Marco 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Naclerio, F, Larumbe-Zabala, E, Cooper, K, and Seijo, M. Effects of a multi-ingredient beverage on recovery of contractile properties, performance, and muscle soreness after hard resistance training sessions. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1884–1893, 2020—Carbohydrate-protein–based supplements have been proposed for maximizing postexercise recovery. This study compared the effects of postworkout supplementation ingesting a multi-ingredient (MTN) vs. carbohydrate alone (CHO) on the recovery of muscle function and perceived of delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) after hard resistance workouts. In a double-blinded, crossover design, 10 resistance trained men (26.9 ± 7.4 years) performed 2 identical 5-day intervention periods while ingesting either MTN or CHO. The subjects performed one workout per day during the first 3 days. Thereafter, they were assessed 1, 24, and 48 hours after the completion of the third workout session. Primary outcome was tensiomyography (muscle displacement [Dm], contraction time [Tc], and contraction velocity [Vc]) of the vastus medialis (VM) and biceps femoris long head (BFLH). Secondary outcomes were performance and DOMS. At 24 hours, both conditions decreased (p < 0.05) Dm (MTN −1.71 ± 1.8, CHO −1.58 ± 1.46 mm) and Vc (MTN −0.03 ± 0.03, CHO 0.03 ± 0.04 m·s−1) in the VM. At 48 hours, all tensiomyography variables were recovered under the MTN while remained depressed (p < 0.01) in CHO (VM, Dm 1.61 ± 1.60, Vc −0.04 ± 0.04 m·s−1; BFLH, Dm 1.54 ± 1.52, Vc −0.02 ± 0.02 m·s−1). Vertical jump performance decreased in CHO, but not in MTN. Although both conditions decreased upper-body strength and power at 1 hour, values returned to baseline in 24 hours for MTM while needed 48 hours in CHO. DOMS similarly increased at both 24 and 48 hours in both conditions. Compared with the ingestion of only carbohydrates, postworkout multi-ingredient supplementation seems to hasten recovery of muscular contractile properties and performance without attenuating DOMS after hard resistance workouts.
Malignant struma ovarii with a robust response to radioactive iodine
Authors: Gild M L , Heath L , Paik J Y , Clifton-Bligh R J , Robinson B G 
Published: February 2020

Summary
Struma ovarii is a rare, usually benign ovarian tumour with malignancy occurring in <5% of cases. Metastases, particularly seeding to bone, are extremely rare. Presentation is variable but often features local pain and/or ascites and hyperthyroidism may occur. It is not established how to best treat and follow patients with extensive disease. Case reports of radioiodine (I131) ablative therapy following thyroidectomy have shown reduced recurrence. We describe the case of a 33-year-old woman who presented with bone pain and was diagnosed with skeletal metastases with features of follicular thyroid carcinoma. However, thyroid pathology was benign. She recalled that 5 years prior, an ovarian teratoma was excised, classified at that time as a dermoid cyst. Retrospective review of this pathology confirmed struma ovarii without obvious malignant features. The patient was found to have widespread metastases to bone and viscera and her thyroglobulin was >3000 µg/L following recombinant TSH administration prior to her first dose of I131. At 25 months following radioiodine treatment, she is in remission with an undetectable thyroglobulin and clear I131 surveillance scans. This case demonstrates an unusual presentation of malignant struma ovarii together with challenges of predicting metastatic disease, and demonstrates a successful radioiodine regimen inducing remission.

Learning points:

Malignant transformation of struma ovarii (MSO) is extremely rare and even rarer are metastatic deposits in bone and viscera.

MSO can be difficult to predict by initial ovarian pathology, analogous to the difficulty in some cases of differentiating between follicular thyroid adenoma and carcinoma.

No consensus exists on the management for post operative treatment of MSO; however, in this case, three doses of 6Gbq radioiodine therapy over a short time period eliminated metastases to viscera and bone.

Patients should continue to have TSH suppression for ~5 years.

Monitoring thyroglobulin levels can predict recurrence.
Empirical Spectral Characteristics of the Medium near Strong-Motion Seismic Stations of Kamchatka
Authors: Gusev A.A. , Skorkina A.A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract—Spectral characteristics of the medium around 23 digital strong-motion seismic stations of Kamchatka region have been studied from local earthquake data relative to a reference bedrock station (Petropavlovsk, PET). Spectra are determined by multiband filtering. In each band peak velocity amplitudes, levels of Fourier S-spectra and mean-square coda amplitudes were compared. Average Fourier spectra were obtained from S-wave energy using Parseval’s equation. The difference in hypocentral distances for pairs of stations was compensated by empirical S-wave attenuation functions. Records of more than 300 events were processed, with M = 5–6 and hypocentral distances mainly 100–600 km. The spectral ratios estimated by the three methods show behavior diversity. Some non-rock stations show expected spectral characteristics at high frequencies. The conditions at other stations can be considered similar to those at PET. Some stations show amplifications of up to 10 times in the 20–30 Hz frequency range. In general, the obtained spectral characteristics within 3–5 Hz are consistent with the expected trends corresponding to known local geology around strong-motion stations.
Perfekcionista csoportok pozitív mentális egészsége – a perfekcionizmus, az érzelemszabályozás és a szubjektív jóllét mintázódása fiatal élsportolók körében
Authors: Reinhardt Melinda , Tóth László , Kenneth G. Rice 
Published: February 2020

Háttér és célkitűzések
A perfekcionizmus adaptív és maladaptív formái eltérő módon kapcsolódnak számos, az élsport terén alapvető tényezőhöz (pl. teljesítmény, célorientáció). Vizsgálatunkban ezért a perfekcionista jellemzőkön és az érzelemreguláció minőségén alapuló látens klaszterek azonosítását tűztük ki célul serdülőkorú élsportoló- és kontrollmintában. Feltártuk továbbá az egyes csoportok szubjektívjóllét-mutatóit is.

Módszer
744 versenyszerűen sportoló középiskolást (60,2% fiú, átlagéletkor = 16,83 év, szórás = 1,39) és 591 nem élsportoló osztálytársukat (50,8% fiú, átlagéletkor = 16,91 év, szórás = 1,65) vontuk be a felmérésbe. A kamaszok a következő három skála rövid változatát töltötték ki: Majdnem tökéletes skála (Rice és mtsai, 2014), Kognitív Érzelem-reguláció Kérdőív (Garnefski és Kraaij, 2006) és Serdülő mentális egészség kontinuum skála (Keyes, 2006).

Eredmények
Látensprofil-elemzés segítségével mind az élsportoló-, mind a kontrollmintában egy jól interpretálható 3 osztályos megoldás körvonalazódott megfelelő illeszkedési mutatókkal. A kontrollcsoportban adaptív, maladaptív és nem perfekcionista profilok bontakoztak ki, ami számos korábbi teoretikus és empirikus eredménnyel egybecseng. Az élsportoló kamaszok körében nem perfekcionista csoportot nem tudunk azonosítani. A maladaptív perfekcionisták maladaptív érzelemszabályozással csoport mellett a versenyszerűen sportolók körében az adaptív perfekcionisták két további osztályt építettek fel: míg az egyik adaptív érzelemszabályozó stratégiákat képes mozgósítani, addig a másik adaptív perfekcionista csoport minimális mértékben alkalmaz kognitív érzelemregulációs folyamatokat. A hat látens osztály közül az adaptív perfekcionista élsportolók adaptív érzelemregulációval jellemezhetők a legkiemelkedőbb szubjektívjóllét-szinttel mind a globális, mind az érzelmi, a pszichológiai és a társas well-beinget tekintve.

Következtetések
Rámutattunk arra, hogy az azonosított látens perfekcionizmus csoportok az érzelemszabályozás és a pozitív mentális egészség különböző szintjeivel és mintázatával jellemezhetők.
A társas helyzetben tapasztalt flow-élmény kapcsolata a boldogságorientációkkal
Authors: Magyaródi Tímea 
Published: February 2020

Háttér és célkitűzések
Az áramlatélménnyel teli, elkötelezett élet a boldogságorientációk egyikének tekinthető, a teljes élet része, az élvezetes és jelentésteli élet mellett. Társas helyzetben való megélése miatt a jóllét növelésének egyik eszköze is lehet. A társas helyzetben tapasztalt flow összefüggéseit a jóllét különböző dimenzióival eddig nem vizsgálták, holott a társas kapcsolatok jóllétnövelő szerepét több koncepció hangsúlyozza: jelen vizsgálat célja a flow-élmény társas helyzetben való átélésének boldogságorientációkhoz kapcsolódásának feltárása.

Módszer
Online kérdőíves módszerrel lebonyolított kutatásunkban 1060 fő, 18 éven felüli válaszadó vett részt, életkori átlag (szórás) = 26,67 (10,76). A kérdőíveket anonim módon töltötték ki: Általános Flow Leírás, Általános Flow Leírás Társas Interakciókban, Flow Állapot Kérdőív, Flow Szinkronizáció Kérdőív, Boldogságorientáció skála.

Eredmények
K-központú klaszterelemzéssel az élvezetes és jelentésteli boldogságorientációt leíró változókkal a résztvevőkből négy csoportot alkottunk: jelentésteli, örömteli boldogságorientációval jellemezhető személyek, üres, valamint teljes életet élő személyek. Eredményeink szerint az üres és teljes életet élők csoportja mindegyik vizsgált változó mentén különbözik (flow-élmény gyakorisága egyéni és társas helyzetben, flow-élmény minősége, flow-szinkronizációs összetevők), a hatásmérték közepes értékeket vesz fel, a megmagyarázott varianciaarány 5–13% között mozog.
Az élvezetes és jelentésteli boldogságorientációt követő csoportok nem különböztek észlelhetően a flow és flow-szinkronizációs összetevők mentén.

Következtetések
Eredményeink alapján valószínűsíthető, hogy a flow-élmény társas helyzetben mind az élvezetes (hedonisztikus) boldogságúthoz (az élményt követő pozitív érzelmek megtapasztalása segítségével), mind pedig az értelemteli (eudaimonikus) boldogságúthoz hozzáköthető (a fejlődés és növekedés, motivált cselekvés végzése útján), továbbá feltehetőleg a teljes élethez szükséges.
On Improving Criminal Law Norms That Establish Liability for the Pollution of Marine Environment (Art. 252 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Gladkikh Viktor , Konovalova Alla , Mosechkin Ilya , Redikultseva Elena 
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the problems of criminal-legal counteraction to marine pollution. The authors note (on the basis of modern statistical data) that Article 252 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation that establishes liability for the pollution of the marine environment is used very rarely, which is due, inter alia, to its design flaws. The methodological basis for the study was traditionally the dialectical method, while the collection and processing of scientifically significant results were carried out with the help of formal-legal, comparative-legal and statistical methods. The material of the study was the regulatory legal acts regulating liability for pollution of the marine environment, as well as materials of judicial practice, including foreign jurisprudence. The authors investigated modern positions on the definition of the nature of the object of encroachment for the pollution of the marine environment. The article also contains an analysis of the concept of «pollution», on the basis of which the authors came to the conclusion that it is not advisable to supplement this definition with such language constructs as «contamination of the marine environment» or «introduction of organisms into the marine environment», although this is suggested by some scholars. The authors give an assessment of the dependence of the public danger of an act on the form of mens rea, which raises the question of the need for detailed instructions regarding the form of mens rea in Art. 252 of the Criminal Code of Russian Federation. Qualification problems of the marine environment pollution with aggravating circumstances, related to determining the criteria for causing harm to human health, have been identified. The solution to these problems proposed by the authors is based on a rethinking of the role of the environment and its impact on human health by «green criminology». The result of the work is the definition of the object of encroachment on the marine environment that takes into account the economic value of the environment. In order to overcome these problems, the authors propose a new version of Art. 252 of the Criminal Code, specifically, provisions for the differentiation of responsibility depending on the form of guilt and expansion of the list of socially dangerous consequences, the onset of which is necessary for the imputation of a qualified crime.
Targeting T cell Metabolism to Combat Autoimmunity: Implications for the Future of Type 1 Diabetes Therapeutics
Authors: Martins Christina P. , Piganelli Jon D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Advances in the field of immunometabolism have indicated that cellular metabolic programs control T cell differentiation and effector functions. As CD4+ T cells are significant contributors to destruction of the insulin-secreting β cell in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), strategies to limit autoreactive T cell activation and promote durable tolerance have been explored in an effort to prevent or delay disease onset. Interestingly, substantial evidence indicates that autoreactive T cells are at a heightened activation status associated with dysregulation of metabolic pathways, with distinct nutrient preferences and needs of their own. While largely unexplored in T1D, specific metabolic pathways have been exploited to correct known defects in several autoimmune diseases including but not limited to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). These therapeutic strategies have been focused on targeting glycolysis, which is the major pathway used by activated T cells as it is required for acquisition of effector functions. Use of glycolysis inhibitors such as 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), have shown impressive success in limiting T cell mediated damage that could prevent or reverse onset of autoimmunity. More importantly, while specificity has been a major hurdle for use of immunotherapies, regulating immunity by targeting metabolism resulted in selective targeting of autoreactive T cells while leaving global immune function intact, a phenomenon commonly referred to as “cellular selectivity based on demand”. This review will outline examples of metabolic regulation success in autoimmunity and provide evidence to support use of these inhibitors in T1D, where new therapeutic strategies are desperately needed.
Phytochemical and comparative transcriptome analyses reveal different regulatory mechanisms in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathways between Matricaria recutita L. and Chamaemelum nobile L.
Authors: Tai Yuling , Hou Xiaojuan , Liu Chun , Sun Jiameng , Guo Chunxiao , Su Ling , Jiang Wei , Ling Chengcheng , Wang Chengxiang , Wang Huanhuan , Pan Guifang , Si Xiongyuan , Yuan Yi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Matricaria recutita (German chamomile) and Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile) belong to the botanical family Asteraceae. These two herbs are not only morphologically distinguishable, but their secondary metabolites – especially the essential oils present in flowers are also different, especially the terpenoids. The aim of this project was to preliminarily identify regulatory mechanisms in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathways that differ between German and Roman chamomile by performing comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Results We determined the content of essential oils in disk florets and ray florets in these two chamomile species, and found that the terpenoid content in flowers of German chamomile is greater than that of Roman chamomile. In addition, a comparative RNA-seq analysis of German and Roman chamomile showed that 54% of genes shared >75% sequence identity between the two species. In particular, more highly expressed DEGs (differentially expressed genes) and TF (transcription factor) genes, different regulation of CYPs (cytochrome P450 enzymes), and rapid evolution of downstream genes in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway of German chamomile could be the main reasons to explain the differences in the types and levels of terpenoid compounds in these two species. In addition, a phylogenetic tree constructed from single copy genes showed that German chamomile and Roman chamomile are closely related to Chrysanthemum nankingense. Conclusion This work provides the first insights into terpenoid biosynthesis in two species of chamomile. The candidate unigenes related to terpenoid biosynthesis will be important in molecular breeding approaches to modulate the essential oil composition of Matricaria recutita and Chamaemelum nobile.
Incidence and Predictors of Tuberculosis Occurrence among Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Retrospective Follow-up Study
Authors: Aemro Agazhe , Jember Abebaw , Anlay Degefaye Zelalem 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: In resource limited settings, Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients on antiretroviral treatment. Ethiopia is one of the 30 high TB burden countries. TB causes burden in healthcare system and challenge the effectiveness of HIV care. This study was to assess incidence and predictors of Tuberculosis among adults on antiretroviral therapy at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: Institution based retrospective follow up study was conducted among adults on ART newly enrolled from 2014 to 2018 at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. Simple random sampling technique was used to select patients chart. Data was entered to EPI- INFO version 7.2.2.6 and analyzed using Stata 14.0. Tuberculosis incidence rate was computed and described using frequency tables. Both bivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models was fitted to identify predictors of TB. Results: Out of the 536 patients chart reviewed, 494 patient records were included in the analysis. A total of 62 patients developed new TB cases during the follow up period of 1000.22 Person Years (PY); which gives an overall incidence rate of 6.19 cases per 100 PY (95% CI: 4.83 - 7.95). The highest rate was seen within the first year of follow up. After adjustment base line Hemoglobin < 10 g/dl (AHR= 5.25; 95% CI: 2.52 - 10.95), ambulatory/bedridden patients at enrolment (AHR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.13 - 4.73), having fair or poor ART adherence (AHR = 3.22; 95% CI: 1.64 – 6.31) were associated with increased risk of tuberculosis whereas taking Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) (AHR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.12 - 0.85) were protective factors of TB occurrence. Conclusion: TB incidence was high among adults on ART especially in the first year of enrollment to ART. Low hemoglobin level, ambulatory or bedridden functional status, non-adherence to ART and IPT usage status were found to be independent predictors. Hence, continuous follow up for ART adherence and provision of IPT has a great importance to reduce the risk of TB.
Endogenous endophthalmitis caused by group B streptococcus; case reports and review of 35 reported cases
Authors: Yoshida Masaaki , Yokokura Shunji , Nishida Takashi , Mochizuki Kiyofumi , Suzuki Takashi , Maruyama Kazuichi , Otomo Takaaki , Nishiguchi Koji M , Kunikata Hiroshi , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS), a gram-positive coccus that occasionally causes neonatal sepsis or invasive infection in the elderly, has been considered a rare cause of endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis (EBE). However, the number of invasive GBS infections is increasing, particularly in elderly patients with underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease and cancer. We report 6 cases of EBE caused by GBS and review the literature. Methods: Retrospective case series and literature review Results: In the current case series, 6 eyes of 6 patients developed EBE caused by GBS. The average age was 73.5 years. The focus of infection included the urinary tract, cellulitis, arthritis, peritonitis, catheter-associated infection and endocarditis. Four patients had DM. While all 6 strains were sensitive to β-lactams (penicillins and cephems), 4 strains were resistant to levofloxacin (no data for 1 isolate). Each case was treated with the systemic antibiotic to which the individual strain was sensitive. All cases showed poor visual acuity at presentation (decimal visual acuity: less than 0.03). Vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotics injection was performed in 4 cases. Visual acuity recovered in 4 cases and did not recover in 2 cases, even after vitrectomy. The literature review of 53 eyes of 41 patients revealed that 60% of eyes finally lost all vision, and death occurred in 2 cases. Initial visual acuity of less than counting fingers was associated with a final outcome of lost vision. Of 41 patients, 13 (32%) had DM as an underlying medical condition. The most common extra-ocular infection focus was endocarditis (37%). Conclusions: DM is common in patients with EBE caused by GBS. While the 4 cases in the current report had a relatively good visual acuity outcome, despite poor initial visual acuity, the literature review indicated that EBE caused by GBS is generally a severe condition with a poor prognosis. The current study also indicates the importance of considering the possibility of endocarditis on encountering EBE caused by GBS.