bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal dysbiosis in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriers
Authors: Korach-Rechtman Hila , Hreish Maysaa , Fried Carmit , Gerassy-Vainberg Shiran , Azzam Zaher S , Kashi Yechezkel , Berger Gidon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInfection with Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) became an important challenge in health-care settings and a growing concern worldwide. Since infection is preceded by colonization, an understanding of the latter may reduce CRE-infections. We aimed to characterize the gut microbiota after colonization by CRE, assuming that an imbalanced gastrointestinal tract (GIT)-associated microbiota precedes CRE-colonization.We evaluated the GIT-microbiota using 16S rRNA genes sequencing extracted of fecal samples, collected from hospitalized CRE-carriers, and two control groups of hospitalized non-carriers and healthy adults. The microbiota diversity and composition in CRE-colonized patients differed from that of the control groups participants. These CRE-carriers displayed lower phylogenetic diversity and dysbiotic microbiota, enriched with members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Concurrent with the bloom in Enterobacteriaceae, a depletion of anaerobic commensals was observed. Additionally, changes in several predicted metabolic pathways were observed for the CRE-carriers. Concomitant, we found higher prevalence of bacteremia in the CRE-carriers.Several clinical factors that might induce change in the microbiota were examined and found as insignificant between the groups.CRE-colonized patients have dysbiotic gut microbiota in terms of diversity and community membership, associated with increased risk for systemic infection. Our study results provides justification for attempts to restore the dysbiotic microbiota with probiotics or fecal transplantation.
Glioblastoma stem cells induce quiescence in surrounding neural stem cells via Notch signalling
Authors: Lawlor Katerina , Marques-Torrejon Maria Angeles , Dharmalingham Gopuraja , El-Azhar Yasmine , Schneider Michael D. , Pollard Steven M. , Rodríguez Tristan A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere is increasing evidence suggesting that adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are a cell of origin of glioblastoma, the most aggressive form of malignant glioma. The earliest stages of hyperplasia are not easy to explore, but likely involve a cross-talk between normal and transformed NSCs. How normal cells respond to this cross-talk and if they expand or are outcompeted is poorly understood. Here we have analysed the interaction of transformed and wild-type NSCs isolated from the adult mouse subventricular zone neural stem cell niche. We find that transformed NSCs are refractory to quiescence-inducing signals. Unexpectedly, however, we also demonstrate that these cells induce a quiescent-like state in surrounding wild-type NSC. We find that this response is cell-cell contact-dependent and that transformed cells activate the Notch pathway in adjacent wild-type NSCs, an event that stimulates their entry into quiescence. Our findings therefore suggest that oncogenic mutations may be propagated in the stem cell niche not just though cell-intrinsic advantages, but also by outcompeting neighbouring stem cells through signalling repression of their proliferation.
Post-series depression: scale development and validation
Authors: Kottasz Rita , Bennett Roger , Randell Tom 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report the development and validation of a scale for measuring “post-series depression” (PSD), a concept that describes the feelings of melancholy and longing that can occur when an individual’s all-consuming film or screen product comes to an end. Although largely ignored by academic research in the arts and leisure (A&L) domain, PSD has received wide coverage in grey literature concerning the termination of certain film or TV series.Design/methodology/approachExploratory interviews were conducted with fans of a range of A&L products. Questionnaire surveys then examined the relationships between PSD, nostalgia and emptiness, and between PSD, binge-watching and compulsive consumption.FindingsA 15-item scale to measure PSD was developed and its reliability demonstrated.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted within an A&L context. It only examined the abovementioned variables and no other potentially relevant psychological and behavioural considerations (e.g. audience involvement, narcissism and social anxiety).Practical implicationsThe scale will be useful for investigating the marketing implications of fanship and its connections with addictive behaviour. It will help marketers when segmenting A&L markets, in understanding how to extend the period during which audiences purchase screen product-related memorabilia and to know how to market binge-watching-related items (e.g. box sets, clothing, books, theatre tickets and film studio visits).Originality/valueThis paper provides a rigorous examination of the concept of PSD and presents a scale for its measurement.
Police corruption and its control in the Philippines
Authors: Batalla Eric Vincent Celestial 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse police corruption in the Philippines and to assess measures to control it.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper identifies the causes of police corruption and assesses anti-corruption measures adopted by the Philippine National Police and other agencies. The paper utilizes surveys, interviews, reported cases and official documents to determine the extent of police corruption, identify its causes and assess the effectiveness of anti-corruption measures.

Findings
Police corruption is systemic in the Philippines. Political and economic circumstances, both historical and contemporary, combined with weak internal controls and other inadequate anti-corruption measures perpetuate systemic police corruption.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the academic literature on police corruption in the Philippines. It would be of interest to policymakers, scholars, as well as anti-corruption and development practitioners who are involved in institutional and governance reforms.
The determinants of food waste behavior in young consumers in a developing country
Authors: Bhatti Sabeen Hussain , Saleem Farida , Zakariya Ramsha , Ahmad Amna 
Published: November 2019

PurposeEvery year a huge amount of food is wasted from food production till its consumption. The activity of food wastage has become a daily routine practice and a huge portion of this loss is contributed by the consumers all around the world. With a total estimated population of 207.7m, 64 percent of the population of Pakistan is below the age of 30. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that affect young consumer’s food waste behavior in a developing country context.Design/methodology/approachData were collected in the month of Ramadan and Eid primarily by means of a web-based questionnaire. A two-step approach of structural equation modeling was used as a data analysis technique.FindingsThe findings of this research confirm the hypothesis that environmental concern and time pressure influence the attitude toward food waste reduction. The results further reveal that although attitude and injunctive norms lead toward higher intentions to reduce food waste, moral norms and perceived behavioral control do not significantly impact this intent.Practical implicationsThis study contributes toward understanding the behavior of consumers in order to ensure the provision and execution of food waste prevention campaigns. This study has implications for policy makers and decision makers, and other stakeholders responsible for food waste reduction and environmental protection. Besides, social campaigns can be developed based on the results of this study, so as to improve the habits related to food wastage in consumers. Finally, the findings are beneficial to academics and scholars that are presently working on factors related to consumer behavior toward food waste.Originality/valueFood waste behavior in young consumers from developing countries in general and from Pakistan in particular has not been analyzed before. The present study aims at analyzing some of the important predecessors of food waste behavior and thus it significantly adds to the existing body of knowledge of consumer behavior toward food waste.
Effect of supply chain technology internalization and e-procurement on supply chain performance
Authors: Pattanayak Durgesh , Punyatoya Plavini 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how e-procurement (EP) and supply chain technology internalization (SCTI) influence supply chain performance (SCP) through supply chain integration (SCI).Design/methodology/approachThis research analyzed 214 survey responses from project managers who have prior experience in the field of supply chain management. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.FindingsThe results show that EP and SCTI positively influence SCI and SCP. The effects of EP and SCTI on SCP are found to be mediated by SCI in the context for the construction industry.Research limitations/implicationsFuture studies should focus on quantitative measures of SCP like budget overrun, supply chain efficiency and project success. Further research can be done through the exploration of moderating interactions of the proposed model.Practical implicationsFirst, the study highlights the importance of SCTI. Supply chain managers should first focus on effective utilization of different technologies used to support supply chain. Second, the research gives the guidelines to the supply chain managers and project managers about the benefits of EP. They should focus on proper implementation of EP in their organizations.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by proposing and testing the influences of EP and SCTI on SCI. This allows a strategic viewpoint when implementing SCTI, EP systems and SCI, intended to improve SCP.
Innoterms: a conceptual typology of attitudes that influence the implementation of adopted management innovations
Authors: November Eben David 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Aims to develop a typology of employee attitudes toward the introduction of externally sourced management innovations.

Design/methodology/approach
Draws on reflection upon personal experience and conceptual reasoning to develop the innoterms typology.

Findings
This paper suggests that addressing innoterms is integral to the successful implementation of externally sourced management innovations.

Originality/value
This paper provides a valuable framework for decision-makers to consider before the implementation of management innovations.
Household resilience to climate change hazards in Uganda
Authors: Oriangi George , Albrecht Frederike , Di Baldassarre Giuliano , Bamutaze Yazidhi , Mukwaya Paul Isolo , Ardö Jonas , Pilesjö Petter 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
As climate change shocks and stresses increasingly affect urban areas in developing countries, resilience is imperative for the purposes of preparation, recovery and adaptation. This study aims to investigate demographic characteristics and social networks that influence the household capacity to prepare, recover and adapt when faced with prolonged droughts or erratic rainfall events in Mbale municipality in Eastern Uganda.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional research design was used to elicit subjective opinions. Previous studies indicate the importance of subjective approaches for measuring social resilience but their use has not been well explored in the context of quantifying urban resilience to climate change shocks and stresses. This study uses 389 structured household interviews to capture demographic characteristics, social networks and resilience capacities. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis.

Findings
The ability of low-income households to meet their daily expenditure needs, household size, and networks with relatives and non government organizations (NGOs) were significant determinants of preparedness, recovery and adaptation to prolonged droughts or erratic rainfall events.

Practical implications
The results imply that policymakers and practitioners have an important role vis-à-vis encouraging activities that boost the ability of households to meet their daily expenditure needs, promoting small household size and reinforcing social networks that enhance household resilience.

Originality/value
Even the low-income households are substantially more likely to prepare for and recover from prolonged droughts or erratic rainfall events if they can meet their daily expenditure needs. This finding is noteworthy because the poorest in society are generally the most vulnerable to hazards.
Optimal automatic path planner and design for high redundancy robotic systems
Authors: Tavares Pedro , Marques Daniel , Malaca Pedro , Veiga Germano , Costa Pedro , Moreira António P. 
Published: November 2019

PurposeIn the vast majority of the individual robot installations, the robot arm is just one piece of a complex puzzle of components, such as grippers, jigs or external axis, that together compose an industrial robotic cell. The success of such installations is very dependent not only on the selection of such components but also on the layout and design of the final robotic cell, which are the main tasks of the system integrators. Consequently, successful robot installations are often empirical tasks owing to the high number of experimental combinations that could lead to exhaustive and time-consuming testing approaches.Design/methodology/approachA newly developed optimized technique to deal with automatic planning and design of robotic systems is proposed and tested in this paper.FindingsThe application of a genetic-based algorithm achieved optimal results in short time frames and improved the design of robotic work cells. Here, the authors show that a multi-layer optimization approach, which can be validated using a robotic tool, is able to help with the design of robotic systems.Practical implicationsThe usage of the proposed approach can be valuable to industrial corporations, as it allows for improved workflows, maximization of available robotic operations and improvement of efficiency.Originality/valueTo date, robotic solutions lack flexibility to cope with the demanding industrial environments. The results presented here formalize a new flexible and modular approach, which can provide optimal solutions throughout the different stages of design and execution control of any work cell.
A longitudinal study of audit quality differences among independent auditors
Authors: Tran Manh Dung , Khairi Khairil Faizal , Laili Nur Hidayah 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the differences of audit quality of financial statements among auditors, including Big 4 and non-Big 4 auditors.Design/methodology/approachBy employing cross-sectional analysis of compliance (a proxy of audit quality) of goodwill impairment testing of listed firms in the context of Hong Kong, the variation of audit quality of financial statements of auditees has been shown.FindingsAudit quality of Big 4 auditors is viewed to be higher than that of non-Big 4 audit firms and the homogeneity of audit quality among Big 4 auditors is not long accepted, but variation.Practical implicationsEven though unqualified opinions have been given on the auditors’ reports, the quality of financial statements audit is a skeptical issue because of the high level of non-compliance of goodwill impairment testing under International Financial Reporting Standards.Originality/valueThis study does emphasize the higher audit quality of financial statements of Big 4 auditors than that of non-Big 4 auditors and stresses the variation of audit quality among Big 4 auditors.
Intracellular survival and innate immune evasion of Burkholderia cepacia: Improved understanding of quorum sensing‐controlled virulence factors, biofilm, and inhibitors
Authors: Ganesh Pitchaipillai Sankar , Vishnupriya Sivakumar , Vadivelu Jamuna , Mariappan Vanitha , Vellasamy Kumutha M. , Shankar Esaki M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBurkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are opportunistic pathogens implicated with nosocomial infections, and high rates of morbidity and mortality, especially in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). B. cepacia are naturally resistant to different classes of antibiotics, and can subvert the host innate immune responses by producing quorum sensing (QS) controlled virulence factors and biofilms. It still remains a conundrum as to how exactly the bacterium survives the intracellular environment within the host cells of CF patients and immunocompromised individuals although the bacterium can invade human lung epithelial cells, neutrophils, and murine macrophages. The mechanisms associated with intracellular survival in the airway epithelial cells and the role of QS and virulence factors in B. cepacia infections in cystic fibrosis remain largely unclear. The current review focuses on understanding the role of QS‐controlled virulence factors and biofilms, and provides additional impetus to understanding the potentials of QS‐inhibitory strategies against B. cepacia.
Niche separation within aerobic methanotrophic bacteria across lakes and its link to methane oxidation rates
Authors: Reis Paula C. J. , Thottathil Shoji D. , Ruiz‐González Clara , Prairie Yves T. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryLake methane (CH4) emissions are largely controlled by aerobic methane‐oxidizing bacteria (MOB) which mostly belong to the classes Alpha‐ and Gammaproteobacteria (Alpha‐ and Gamma‐MOB). Despite the known metabolic and ecological differences between the two MOB groups, their main environmental drivers and their relative contribution to CH4 oxidation rates across lakes remain unknown. Here, we quantified the two MOB groups through CARD‐FISH along the water column of six temperate lakes and during incubations in which we measured ambient CH4 oxidation rates. We found a clear niche separation of Alpha‐ and Gamma‐MOB across lake water columns, which is mostly driven by oxygen concentration. Gamma‐MOB appears to dominate methanotrophy throughout the water column, but Alpha‐MOB may also be an important player particularly in well‐oxygenated bottom waters. The inclusion of Gamma‐MOB cell abundance improved environmental models of CH4 oxidation rate, explaining part of the variation that could not be explained by environmental factors alone. Altogether, our results show that MOB composition is linked to CH4 oxidation rates in lakes and that information on the MOB community can help predict CH4 oxidation rates and thus emissions from lakes.
Risk of vaginal cancer among hysterectomised women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a population‐based national cohort study
Authors: Alfonzo Emilia , Holmberg Erik , Sparén Pär , Milsom Ian , Strander Björn 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo study the risk of vaginal cancer among hysterectomised women with and without cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).DesignPopulation‐based national cohort study.Setting and populationAll Swedish women, 5 million in total, aged 20 and up, 1987–2011 using national registries.MethodsThe study cohort was subdivided into four exposure groups: hysterectomised with no previous history of CIN3 and without prevalent CIN at hysterectomy; hysterectomised with a history of CIN3/adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS); hysterectomised with prevalent CIN at hysterectomy; non‐hysterectomised.Main outcome measureVaginal cancer.ResultsWe identified 898 incident cases of vaginal cancer. Women with prevalent CIN at hysterectomy and those with a history of CIN3/AIS had incidence rates (IR) of vaginal cancer of 51.3 (95% CI 34.4–76.5) and 17.1 (95% CI 12.5–23.4) per 100 000, respectively. Age‐adjusted IR‐ratios (IRRs) compared with hysterectomised women with benign cervical history were 21.0 (95% CI 13.4–32.9) and 5.81 (95% CI 4.00–8.43), respectively. IR for non‐hysterectomised women was 0.87 (95% CI 0.81–0.93) and IRR was 0.37 (95% CI 0.30–0.46). In hysterectomised women with prevalent CIN, the IR remained high after 15 years of follow up: 65.7 (95% CI 21.2–203.6).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that hysterectomised women with prevalent CIN at surgery should be offered surveillance. Hysterectomised women without the studied risk factors have a more than doubled risk of contracting vaginal cancer compared with non‐hysterectomised women in the general population. Still, the incidence rate does not justify screening.Tweetable abstractHigh risk of contracting vaginal cancer among hysterectomised women having prevalent CIN at surgery.
Use and Understanding of the Role of Spontaneously Formed Nanocellulosic Fiber from Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) Residues to Improve Stability of Sterilized Coconut Milk
Authors: Kunchitwaranont Apimook , Chiewchan Naphaporn , Devahastin Sakamon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFeasibility of using nanocellulosic fiber (NF) from lime residues as a stabilizer for oil‐in‐water emulsion was investigated. One‐step process to simultaneously prepare an emulsion and NF is proposed. NF could spontaneously form by adding appropriately prepared fiber powder into the test emulsion viz. coconut milk, which was subsequently subject to homogenization and sterilization. Properties of the samples, that is, microstructure, rheological properties, emulsion stability, and color, after sterilization and after 8‐week storage at 30 °C were determined. Sterilized samples exhibited pseudoplastic behavior. Samples containing higher NF concentrations exhibited higher viscosity; viscosity remained constant throughout the whole storage period. High emulsion stabilities (>97%) were observed for samples containing 0.4 to 0.8% (w/v) of NF. L*, C*, and h* of the samples were 79 to 80, 8 to 10, and 90, respectively. Three‐dimensional network of NF (diameters < 50 nm) attached to fat globule surfaces formed during homogenization is postulated to help stabilize the emulsions.Practical ApplicationOne‐step process to simultaneously prepare oil‐in‐water emulsion as well as nanocellulosic fiber (NF) is proposed. Such a formed NF can serve as natural ingredient to stabilize the emulsion. The proposed procedures should be of great interest to an industry producing oil‐in‐water emulsions (for example, canned coconut milk) that is looking for a natural alternative to synthetic stabilizer.