bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herausforderung Adenomyose – operative, endokrine und reproduktionsmedizinische Therapieoptionen
Authors: Kohl Schwartz Alexandra S. , Mueller Michael D. 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Adenomyose ist durch endometriale Zellen im Myometrium charakterisiert. Zu den klinischen Beschwerden gehören Schmerzen, Blutungsstörungen und beeinträchtigte Fertilität. Die Abklärung beinhaltet eine gute Anamnese und die Bildgebung mit transvaginalem Ultraschall (TVUS) sowie ggf. Magnetresonanztomographie. Klassisch zeigt sich die Adenomyose im TVUS durch partielle Aufhebung der Junktionalzone. Die Therapie erfolgt ganzheitlich und beinhaltet ein gutes Schmerzmanagement. Bei jungen Patientinnen sollte eine endokrine Therapie erfolgen. Die Kinderwunschtherapie kann mit einer 3‑monatigen Down-Regulation mit Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormon(GnRH)-Analoga eingeleitet werden. Bei notwendiger In-vitro-Fertilisation haben Protokolle mit ultralanger Down-Regulation oder zeitlich versetztem Embryotransfer nach GnRH-Analoga bessere Resultate gezeigt. Bei fortgeschrittener Erkrankung, abgeschlossener Familienplanung oder Therapieresistenz kommt die operative Sanierung oder Hysterektomie infrage.
Long-term invasion dynamics of Spartina increase vegetation diversity and geomorphological resistance of salt marshes against sea level rise
Authors: Granse Dirk , Suchrow Sigrid , Jensen Kai 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe cordgrassSpartina anglicaC.E. Hubbard (Poaceae) is an invasive transformer in many salt marsh ecosystems worldwide. Relatively little is known about the capacity ofSpartinato accelerate salt marsh succession and to protect salt marshes against sea level rise. We analyzed long-term changes in vegetation and elevation in mainland salt marshes of the European Wadden Sea in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, to estimate the impact of non-nativeSpartinaon the geomorphological resistance of salt marshes to sea level rise and on changes in species diversity. From 1989 to 2019, theSpartina-zone shifted and expanded upwards to elevations of the high marsh zone andSpartinaincreased in frequency in several salt marsh vegetation communities. At sites whereSpartinadominated the vegetation already three decades ago, elevation and species diversity increased with a higher rate compared to sites lackingSpartina. The median change rates reached for elevation MHT +8.6 versus +1.5 mm per year, for species richness +3 versus$$\pm$$±0 species per three decades, and for evenness +0.04 versus −0.08 per three decades, regarding plots with versus without formerSpartinadominance, respectively. Invasion of salt marshes bySpartinaand its continued, long-term presence were associated with increased elevation and species diversity in the face of sea level rise.
Intraspecific trait variability and genetic diversity in the adaptive strategies of serpentine and non-serpentine populations of Silene paradoxa L.
Authors: Lazzaro Lorenzo , Colzi Ilaria , Ciampi Daniele , Gonnelli Cristina , Lastrucci Lorenzo , Bazihizina Nadia , Viciani Daniele , Coppi Andrea 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsWe investigated whether individuals ofSilene paradoxa L., grown in serpentine and non-serpentine soils, displayed variation in functional traits and adaptive strategies together with a differentiation of the gene pool. We hypothesised that individuals growing in serpentine sites may be exposed to a higher degree of stress, resulting in measurable differences in leaf traits and adaptive strategies, and as well that the differences in the soil type were associated with a genetic process of differentiation.MethodsWe analysed a specific set of leaf functional traits of populations ofS. paradoxagrown on serpentine and non-serpentine soils. Furthermore, DNA-fingerprinting techniques were used to further dissect the emergence of genetic processes of differentiation linked to the different soil types.ResultsWe detected a relevant intraspecific trait variation inS. paradoxa, with the populations from serpentine sites significantly polarised towards the stress-tolerant adaptive strategy. This polarisation came with a shift in gene pool selection, even if we did not detect quantitative differences in the genetic diversity or evidence of genetic drift.ConclusionsThe results indicate that particular edaphic conditions acted on the selection of some regions of the species’ genome, independently of the site, with various portions of the genome being exclusive to or prevalent in the serpentine or non-serpentine populations.
Radiometric Calibration Targets for the Mastcam-Z Camera on the Mars 2020 Rover Mission
Authors: Kinch K. M. , Madsen M. B. , Bell J. F. , Maki J. N. , Bailey Z. J. , Hayes A. G. , Jensen O. B. , Merusi M. , Bernt M. H. , Sørensen A. N. , Hilverda M. , Cloutis E. , Applin D. , Mateo-Marti E. , Manrique J. A. , Lopez-Reyes G. , Bello-Arufe A. , Ehlmann B. L. , Buz J. , Pommerol A. , Thomas N. , Affolter L. , Herkenhoff K. E. , Johnson J. R. , Rice M. , Corlies P. , Tate C. , Caplinger M. A. , Jensen E. , Kubacki T. , Cisneros E. , Paris K. , Winhold A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Mastcam-Z Camera is a stereoscopic, multispectral camera with zoom capability on NASA’s Mars-2020 Perseverance rover. The Mastcam-Z relies on a set of two deck-mounted radiometric calibration targets to validate camera performance and to provide an instantaneous estimate of local irradiance and allow conversion of image data to units of reflectance (R∗ or I/F) on a tactical timescale. Here, we describe the heritage, design, and optical characterization of these targets and discuss their use during rover operations. The Mastcam-Z primary calibration target inherits features of camera calibration targets on the Mars Exploration Rovers, Phoenix and Mars Science Laboratory missions. This target will be regularly imaged during flight to accompany multispectral observations of the martian surface. The primary target consists of a gold-plated aluminum base, eight strong hollow-cylinder Sm2Co17 alloy permanent magnets mounted in the base, eight ceramic color and grayscale patches mounted over the magnets, four concentric, ceramic grayscale rings and a central aluminum shadow post (gnomon) painted with an IR-black paint. The magnets are expected to keep the central area of each patch relatively free of Martian aeolian dust. The Mastcam-Z secondary calibration target is a simple angled aluminum shelf carrying seven vertically mounted ceramic color and grayscale chips and seven identical, but horizontally mounted ceramic chips. The secondary target is intended to augment and validate the calibration-related information derived from the primary target. The Mastcam-Z radiometric calibration targets are critically important to achieving Mastcam-Z science objectives for spectroscopy and photometric properties.
Gesundheitsförderung in virtueller Teamarbeit durch gesundheitsorientierte Führung
Authors: Efimov Ilona , Harth Volker , Mache Stefanie 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Virtuelle Teamarbeit als neue flexible Arbeitsform ist durch spezifische Herausforderungen und damit einhergehenden gesundheitlichen Belastungsfaktoren gekennzeichnet. Der Einfluss von Führungskräften auf die Gesundheit von Mitarbeitenden konnte bereits im direkten und persönlichen Teamkontakt nachgewiesen werden.

Ziel der Arbeit
Der Artikel soll eine Übersicht zu Konzepten gesunder Führung bieten und diese im virtuellen Arbeitskontext beleuchten.

Material und Methoden
In einer explorativen Literaturrecherche werden bisher verfügbare Erkenntnisse zu Konzepten gesunder Führung recherchiert und zusammengefasst. Aus diesen Forschungserkenntnissen wird ein geeigneter Ansatz gesunder Führung identifiziert und der empirische Forschungsstand in Bezug zur virtuellen Teamarbeit dargestellt.

Ergebnisse
Diese Übersichtsarbeit identifizierte zwischen allen theoretischen Konzepten gesunder Führung die gesundheitsorientierte Führung als einen dominanten Ansatz. Die zentralen Ergebnisse bisheriger Studien zeigen auf, dass gesundheitsorientierte Führung einen signifikant positiven Einfluss auf die Gesundheit von Beschäftigten haben kann. Insgesamt stellt Führung einen relevanten Gesundheitsfaktor für die Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung dar.

Schlussfolgerung
Der empirische Forschungsstand verdeutlicht, dass noch Forschungsbedarf hinsichtlich gesundheitsorientierter Führung besteht. Die Relevanz weiterer empirischer Studien für den virtuellen Arbeitskontext wird für die Wissenschaft und Praxis diskutiert.
Modified Oesophago-Gastric Dissociation (M-OGD) — a technical modification
Authors: Coletta Riccardo , Mussi Elisa , Bianchi Adrian , Morabito Antonino 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdhesions and fibrosis following failed primary surgery for severe gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in neurologically impaired children (NI) can render mobilization of the lower oesophagus and oesophago-jejunal anastomosis a technically demanding exercise both at open surgery and laparoscopy. This paper presents the Modified Oesophago-Gastric Dissociation (M-OGD) as a less complex technical modification of the original Total Oesophago-Gastric Dissociation (TOGD). The stomach is detached from the oesophago-gastric junction with an articulated 5-mm stapler, leaving a 5-mm strip of stomach attached to the oesophagus. An end-to-side isoperistaltic oesophago-jejunostomy is created between the gastric stump and the isoperistaltic jejunal Roux loop. A jejuno-jejunal anastomosis restores bowel continuity. Between May 2018 and February 2020, M-OGD was performed on 3 NI patients with a weight of 9–27.3 kg (median = 14 kg). Median age at surgery was 60 months (18–180), median surgical time 170 min (146–280), median re-feeding time was 3 days (2–5), and median length of stay was 20 days (11–25). All patients healed primarily and after a median follow-up of 3 months, there were no problems related to the oesophago-jejunal anastomosis. M-OGD reduces the difficulties of redo oesophageal surgery following failed anti-reflux procedures, with a safer oesophago-jejunal anastomosis and a good long-term outcome.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the outcome, morbidity, and mortality of acute care surgery patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Krutsri Chonlada , Singhatas Pongsasit , Sumpritpradit Preeda , Thampongsa Tharin , Phuwapraisirisan Samart , Gesprasert Goragoch , Jirasiritham Jakrapan 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has impacted both emergency and elective surgical management owing to its highly infectious nature and the shortage of personal protective equipment. This study aimed to review the outcomes of emergency surgical conditions and trauma during the pandemic lockdown.

Material and methods:
We retrospectively reviewed and collected data from patients who attended the Acute Care Surgery Service from 1st April to May 31st, 2020 during Thailand's COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. We separated staff and performed preoperative COVID-19 swab testing on all patients to assess the requirement for personal protective equipment. Compared with previous years of service, of 2018 and 2019. Preoperative COVID-19 testing was performed using multiplex and manual RT-PCR. Morbidity and mortality, consultation time, and waiting time to surgery were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 61 patients were enrolled. The average age of patients was 53.8 years. The average consultation time, waiting time to surgery, and surgical duration were 10 min, 660 min, and 88.77 min, respectively. The average time taken to obtain the preoperative COVID-19 test result was 227.26 min. The morbidity and mortality rates were 9.84% and 1.64%, respectively. Compared with the same period in 2018 and 2019, consultation time was significantly faster (10 min; p = 0.033) and waiting time to surgery was significantly longer (660 min, respectively; p = 0.011). Morbidity and mortality between pandemic period and the previous year of service were not significantly different. No medical workers were infected with COVID-19.

Conclusions:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, optimal triage of emergency patients is key. Waiting for preoperative COVID-19 swab testing in emergency case is safe and results in good outcomes. Although the waiting time to surgery was significantly longer owing to the time required to receive preoperative COVID-19 swab results, morbidity and mortality rates were unaffected.

Highlights
Prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism following bariatric surgery
Authors: Jalali Seyed Mehdi , Azadbakht Morteza , Azadbakht Saleh , Daniali Samira , Farokhi Ermia 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Although bariatric surgery is one of the most efficient therapies in morbidly obese patients for losing weight, it may result in nutritional deficiencies, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and other complications.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess hyperparathyroidism in morbidly obese patients that underwent different types of bariatric surgeries.

Method:
In this cohort-study, patients were divided into two groups based on the outcome: patients who developed secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) and those who did not develop SHPT. Factors including parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D3), were examined preoperatively and one, and five years after the surgery.

Result:
Of the 120 patients enrolled between January 2015 and September 2020, the numbers of patients that underwent sleeve gastrectomy (GS), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) and One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) were 90, 15, 3 and 12, respectively. Obese subjects that underwent bariatric surgeries achieved significant Body mass index (BMI) change. During the first follow up, BMI, PTH, vitamin D, calcium, HbA1c, cholesterol, and triglyceride significantly differed between the two groups. In the next follow up, vitamin D, PTH, calcium remained significantly different. Although patients that underwent SG, lost lesser weight and had fewer side effects from the surgery in comparison to other types of bariatric surgeries.

Conclusion:
SG provides a safer biochemical profile than other bariatric procedures and a significantly lower number of hyperparathyroid cases, however, reduction in weight loss is also significantly lesser. The postoperative hyperparathyroid was significantly correlated to VDD, calcium deficiency, and less weight loss.

Highlights:
Spiracarneyella,a new carneyellid edrioasteroid from the Upper Ordovician (Katian) of Kentucky and Ohio and comments on carneyellid heterochrony
Authors: Sumrall Colin D. , Phelps Daniel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA new genus and species of carneyellid edrioasteroid,Spiracarneyella florencein. gen. n. sp., is described from the Upper Ordovician (Kaitian) Point Pleasant Formation of northern Kentucky and southern Ohio.Spiracarneyellan. gen. is characterized by having all five ambulacra curving clockwise around the theca, having small node-bearing interambulacral plates in the distal interambulacra, and having the periproct placement slightly offset to the right side of the CD interambulacrum. The oral area of carneyellids evolved by paedomorphosis of the oral plates covering the mouth. The straight ambulacra ofCryptogoleusand the spiraling ambulacra ofSpiracarneyellan. gen. evolved by paedomorphosis and peramorphosis, respectively.UUID:http://zoobank.org/79733c8f-0bc8-4e7e-8f77-8508f576755c
THE MODAL LOGIC OF
-CENTERED FORCING AND RELATED FORCING CLASSES
Authors: YA’AR UR 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe consider the modality “
$\varphi $
is true in every

$\sigma $
-centered forcing extension,” denoted

$\square \varphi $
, and its dual “
$\varphi $
is true in some

$\sigma $
-centered forcing extension,” denoted

$\lozenge \varphi $
(where

$\varphi $
is a statement in set theory), which give rise to the notion of a principle of
$\sigma $
-centered forcing. We prove that if ZFC is consistent, then the modal logic of

$\sigma $
-centered forcing, i.e., the ZFC-provable principles of

$\sigma $
-centered forcing, is exactly

$\mathsf {S4.2}$
. We also generalize this result to other related classes of forcing.
BATCH PROCESSING OF TREE-RING SAMPLES FOR RADIOCARBON ANALYSIS
Authors: Fogtmann-Schulz Alexandra , Kudsk Sabrina G K , Adolphi Florian , Karoff Christoffer , Knudsen Mads F , Loader Neil J , Muscheler Raimund , Trant Pernille L K , Østbø Stine M , Olsen Jesper 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTWe here present a comparison of methods for the pretreatment of a batch of tree rings for high-precision measurement of radiocarbon at the Aarhus AMS Centre (AARAMS), Aarhus University, Denmark. The aim was to develop an efficient and high-throughput method able to pretreat ca. 50 samples at a time. We tested two methods for extracting α-cellulose from wood to find the most optimal for our use. One method used acetic acid, the other used HCl acid for the delignification. The testing was conducted on background 14C samples, in order to assess the effect of the different pretreatment methods on low-activity samples. Furthermore, the extracted wood and cellulose fractions were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which showed a successful extraction of α-cellulose from the samples. Cellulose samples were pretreated at AARAMS, and the graphitization and radiocarbon analysis of these samples were done at both AARAMS and the radiocarbon dating laboratory at Lund University to compare the graphitization and AMS machine performance. No significant offset was found between the two sets of measurements. Based on these tests, the pretreatment of tree rings for high-precision radiocarbon analysis at AARAMS will henceforth use HCI for the delignification.
The utility of household Grocery Purchase Quality Index scores as an individual diet quality metric
Authors: Parker Haley Wynne , de Araujo Carolina , Thorndike Anne N. , Vadiveloo Maya K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Grocery Purchase Quality Index (GPQI) reflects concordance between household grocery purchases and US dietary recommendations. However, it is unclear whether GPQI scores calculated from partial purchasing records reflect individual-level diet quality. This secondary analysis of a 9-month randomised controlled trial examined concordance between the GPQI (range 0–75, scaled to 100) calculated from 3 months of loyalty-card linked partial (≥50 %) household grocery purchasing data and individual-level Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores at baseline and 3 months calculated from FFQ (n 209). Concordance was assessed with overall and demographic-stratified partially adjusted correlations; covariate-adjusted percentage score differences, cross-classification and weighted κ coefficients assessed concordance across GPQI tertiles (T). Participants were middle aged (55·4 (13·9) years), female (90·3 %), from non-smoking households (96·4 %) and without children (70·7 %). Mean GPQI (54·8 (9·1) %) scores were lower than HEI scores (baseline: 73·2 (9·1) %, 3 months: 72·4 (9·4) %) and moderately correlated (baseline r 0·41 v. 3 months r 0·31, P < 0·001). Correlations were stronger among participants with ≤ bachelor’s degree, obesity and children. Scores showed moderate agreement (κ = 0·25); concordance was highest in T3. Participants with high (T3) v. low (T1) GPQI scores had 7·3–10·6 higher odds of having HEI scores >80 % at both time points. Household-level GPQI was moderately correlated with self-reported intake, indicating their promise for evaluating diet quality. Partial purchasing data appear to moderately reflect individual diet quality and may be useful in interventions monitoring changes in diet quality.
Depression, smoking, and lung cancer risk over 24 years among women
Authors: Trudel-Fitzgerald Claudia , Zevon Emily S. , Kawachi Ichiro , Tucker-Seeley Reginald D. , Kubzansky Laura D. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundStudies evaluating depression's role in lung cancer risk revealed contradictory findings, partly because of the small number of cases, short follow-up periods, and failure to account for key covariates including smoking exposure. We investigated the association of depressive symptoms with lung cancer risk in a large prospective cohort over 24 years while considering the role of smoking.MethodsWomen from the Nurses' Health Study completed measures of depressive symptoms, sociodemographics, and other factors including smoking in 1992 (N = 42 913). Depressive symptoms were also queried in 1996 and 2000, whereas regular antidepressant use and physician-diagnosed depression were collected starting in 1996. Multivariable Cox regression models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of lung cancer risk until 2016.ResultsWe identified 1009 cases of lung cancer. Women with the highest v. lowest level of depressive symptoms had an increased lung cancer risk (HRsociodemographics-adjusted = 1.62, 95% CI 1.34–1.95; HRfully-adjusted = 1.25, 95% CI 1.04–1.51). In a test of mediation, lifetime pack-years of smoking accounted for 38% of the overall association between depressive symptoms and disease risk. When stratifying by smoking status, the elevated risk was evident among former smokers but not current or never smokers; however, the interaction term suggested no meaningful differences across groups (p = 0.29). Results were similar or stronger when considering time-updated depression status (using depressive symptoms, physician diagnosis, and regular antidepressant use) and chronicity of depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that greater depressive symptoms may contribute to lung cancer incidence, directly and indirectly via smoking habits, which accounted for over a third of the association.
Enhanced cognitive-behavior therapy and family-based treatment for adolescents with an eating disorder: a non-randomized effectiveness trial
Authors: Le Grange Daniel , Eckhardt Sarah , Dalle Grave Riccardo , Crosby Ross D. , Peterson Carol B. , Keery Helene , Lesser Julie , Martell Carolyn 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundFamily-based treatment (FBT) is an efficacious intervention for adolescents with an eating disorder. Evaluated to a lesser degree among adolescents, enhanced cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT-E) has shown promising results. This study compared the relative effectiveness of FBT and CBT-E, and as per manualized CBT-E, the sample was divided into alower weight[<90% median body mass index (mBMI)], andhigher weightcohort (⩾90%mBMI).MethodParticipants (N= 97) aged 12–18 years, with a DSM-5 eating disorder diagnosis (largely restrictive, excluding Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder), and their parents, chose between FBT and CBT-E. Assessments were administered at baseline, end-of-treatment (EOT), and follow-up (6 and 12 months). Treatment comprised of 20 sessions over 6 months, except for thelower weightcohort where CBT-E comprised 40 sessions over 9–12 months. Primary outcomes were slope of weight gain and change in Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) Global Score at EOT.ResultsSlope of weight gain at EOT was significantly higher for FBT than for CBT-E (lower weight, est. = 0.597,s.e.= 0.096,p< 0.001;higher weight, est. = 0.495,s.e.= 0.83,p< 0.001), but not at follow-up. There were no differences in the EDE Global Score or most secondary outcome measures at any time-point. Several baseline variables emerged as potential treatment effect moderators at EOT. Choosing between FBT and CBT-E resulted in older and less well participants opting for CBT-E.ConclusionsResults underscore the efficiency of FBT to facilitate weight gain among underweight adolescents. FBT and CBT-E achieved similar outcomes in other domains assessed, making CBT-E a viable treatment for adolescents with an eating disorder.Clinical Trial Registration Information:Treatment Outcome in Eating Disorders;https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT03599921.