bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth of Giant Peptide Vesicles Driven by Compartmentalized Transcription–Translation Activity
Authors: Frank Thomas , Vogele Kilian , Dupin Aurore , Simmel Friedrich C. , Pirzer Tobias 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCompartmentalization and spatial organization of biochemical reactions are essential for the establishment of complex metabolic pathways inside synthetic cells. Phospholipid and fatty acid membranes are the most natural candidates for this purpose, but also polymers have shown great potential as enclosures of artificial cell mimics. Herein, we report on the formation of giant vesicles in a size range of 1 μm–100 μm using amphiphilic elastin‐like polypeptides. The peptide vesicles can accommodate cell‐free gene expression reactions, which is demonstrated by the transcription of a fluorescent RNA aptamer and the production of a fluorescent protein. Importantly, gene expression inside the vesicles leads to a strong growth of their size—up to an order of magnitude in volume in several cases—which is driven by changes in osmotic pressure, resulting in fusion events and uptake of membrane peptides from the environment.
Sol‐gel coupled ultrasound synthesis of photo‐activated magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Optimization and antibacterial studies
Authors: Thamilvanan Daneeswari , Jeevanandam Jaison , Hii Yiik S. , Chan Yen S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe alarming transmission rate of surgical site infections (SSI) in hospitals due to ineffective sterilization has encouraged researchers to search for a safe and easily available antibacterial agent. Common sterilization methods involving UV radiation and fumigants lead to hazardous effects on the environment and humans. These drawbacks have caused researchers to shift their attention towards visible light to activate certain materials to act as antibacterial agents. Thus, the present work reports optimization and antibacterial studies of sol‐gel coupled ultrasound synthesis of photo‐activated magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) analysis confirmed that smaller sized particles ranging from 13 nm‐25 nm are formed with narrower bandgap of 2.54 eV (1 eV = 1.602 × 10−19 J). The size reduction in the MgO nanoparticles narrowed their band gap, compared to previous results, which extends their absorptivity of light wavelength from UV (<400 nm) to the visible light region (400‐550 nm). The disc diffusion antibacterial analysis optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) revealed that a 0.01 mol/L MgO nanoparticle concentration of 531 μL dosages exhibited a maximum zone of inhibition (ZoI) of 54.1 mm against E. coli, which was achieved with a visible light distance of 5.7 cm. Similarly, a maximum ZoI of 61.3 mm for S. aureus was obtained with a visible light distance of 5 cm and MgO concentration and dosage of 0.01 mol/L and 401 μL. This study confirms the ability of MgO nanoparticle as an alternate and better antibacterial agent via photo‐activation for the first time. These photo‐activated MgO nanoparticles will be beneficial in the possible inhibition of bacterial growth in surgical equipment, lab coats, or even as antibacterial paints in hospitals.
Overcoming sociodemographic factors in the care of patients with testicular cancer at a safety net hospital
Authors: Chertack Nathan , Ghandour Rashed A. , Singla Nirmish , Freifeld Yuval , Hutchinson Ryan C. , Courtney Kevin , Bowman I. Alex , Arafat Waddah , Meng Xiaosong , Moore Joseph A. , Aydin Ahmet M. , Sagalowsky Arthur I. , Margulis Vitaly , Lotan Yair , Woldu Solomon L. , Bagrodia Aditya 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to determine whether standardized treatment of germ cell tumors (GCTs) could overcome sociodemographic factors limiting patient care.MethodsThe records of all patients undergoing primary treatment for GCTs at both a public safety net hospital and an academic tertiary care center in the same metropolitan area were analyzed. Both institutions were managed by the same group of physicians in the context of multidisciplinary cancer care. Patients were grouped by care center; clinicopathologic features and outcomes were analyzed.ResultsBetween 2006 and 2018, 106 and 95 patients underwent initial treatment for GCTs at the safety net hospital and the tertiary care center, respectively. Safety net patients were younger (29 vs 33 years; P = .005) and were more likely to be Hispanic (79% vs 11%), to be uninsured (80% vs 12%; P < .001), to present via the emergency department (76% vs 8%; P < .001), and to have metastatic (stage II/III) disease (42% vs 26%; P = .025). In a multivariable analysis, an absence of lymphovascular invasion (odds ratio [OR], 0.30; P = .008) and an embryonal carcinoma component (OR, 0.36; P = .02) were associated with decreased use of adjuvant treatment for stage I patients; hospital setting was not (OR, 0.67; P = .55). For patients with stage II/III nonseminomatous GCTs, there was no difference in the performance of postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection between the safety net hospital and the tertiary care center (52% vs 64%; P = .53). No difference in recurrence rates was observed between the cohorts (5% vs 6%; P = .76).CONCLUSIONSSociodemographic factors are often associated with adverse clinical outcomes in the treatment of GCTs; they may be overcome with integrated, standardized management of testicular cancer.
Clear cell adenocarcinoma presenting as acute pancreatitis: A rare form of primary pancreatic malignancy
Authors: O'Neill Robert S. , Lam Lyn L. , Solanki Parthsinh , Levingston Robyn , Thomas David 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer is associated with a dismal prognosis, with ductal adenocarcinoma being the most common form of primary neoplasm diagnosed. Clear cell carcinoma is usually associated with kidney, ovarian or bladder malignancy but rarely associated with pancreatic malignancy. According to the WHO classification, primary clear cell adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is a rare “miscellaneous” carcinoma, and to date few cases have been reported in the literature.CaseA 63‐year old female who presented to a metropolitan hospital in Australia with abdominal pain suggestive of pancreatitis. Abdominal computed tomography subsequently demonstrated a necrotic mass in the neck of the pancreas with hepatic metastasis. Subsequent histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis was consistent with pancreatic clear cell adenocarcinoma. The patient was discharged to home to commence on dose reduced nab‐paclitaxel and gemcitabine.ConclusionThis case reports a rare variant of pancreatic malignancy and contributes further evidence to the body of literature highlighting clear cell adenocarcinoma as a histological subtype of pancreatic neoplasm, albeit rare in nature.
Three‐month evaluation of a low concentration (6% hydrogen peroxide) experimental bleaching gel containing Tio2 and chitosan: An in vitro study
Authors: Kolsuz Ozcetin Halime , Surmelioglu Derya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe study aimed to compare the effectiveness of an experimental gel that contained 6% hydrogen peroxide, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and chitosan nanoparticles with that of the two bleaching agents that are routinely used and evaluate their effectiveness in a 3‐month period. Seventy‐two extracted premolar teeth were divided into three groups for the bleaching procedure. TiO2 and chitosan were added to increase the whitening effect of the low‐concentration experimental gel. In group 1, the experimental gel was applied and activated with a D‐Light Duo LED device. In group 2, Opalescence Boost PF was applied chemically. In group 3, Philips Zoom was applied and activated with Zoom Advanced Power. The color of the teeth was measured with a Vita Easyshade Advance 4.0 spectrophotometer before the bleaching and 24 hours, 7 days, 14 days, 30 days, and 3 months after final bleaching. The CIEDE2000 color differences (∆E00) and average L*, a*, and b* values were calculated. Effective bleaching was observed in three groups as determined by the initial color at different measurement times (P < .05). Philips Zoom showed a higher value of color change than the other groups at all times. The experimental gel showed a bleaching activity like that of Opalescence Boost PF at all‐time measurements. A slight decrease in color change was observed between the first‐month measurement and third‐month measurement in all groups. A low‐concentration experimental gel containing TiO2 and chitosan provided effective whitening, and the whitened color persisted throughout the 3‐month period.
Correlation between Nanostructural and Enhanced Electrical Conductivity of Annealed 30V2O5–20Bi2O3–50P2O5 Glass
Authors: Hannora Ahmed , El‐Desoky Mohamed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStructural and DC conductivity of annealed 30V2O5–20Bi2O3–50P2O5 traditional quenching melt glass is investigated. The as quenched with amorphous nature and crystallized formed phases of annealed samples are confirmed by X‐ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) techniques. The average crystallite size of the present samples after crystallization at different temperatures and times is estimated to be about 47–74.9 nm. DSC analyses of the glasses indicate a prominent glass transition temperature at 669.9 K. Monoclinic bismuth phosphate phase is formed after annealing at 723 K for 2 h and completely disappeared at 923 K with the formation of orthorhombic vanadium phosphorus oxide and new bismuth phosphate monoclinic phase. The conductivity is discussed in conformity with Mott's theory. The crystallinity development reduces the grain boundaries which leads to the conductivity improvement.
Demonstrating the interconnection of hierarchical order disturbances in CEO succession with corporate social responsibility and environmental sustainability
Authors: Sarfraz Muddassar , Shah Syed G. M. , Fareed Zeeshan , Shahzad Farrukh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study contemplates the negative interconnection between hierarchical order disturbance in chief executive officer succession and corporate social responsibility. The study contributes while formulating corporate social responsibility ratio index, hierarchical order disturbances, and hierarchical order disturbance intensity. Significantly, corporate social responsibility index has been formulated through demonstrating 13 attributes constituting the GRI sustainable and environmental sustainable development reports. We have analyzed the data of 2,644 listed firms for the years 2014–2018. 2SLS instrumental regression and GMM techniques have been executed for confirmation of the authenticity of the results. Empirical results enunciate that incumbent chief executive officers via hierarchical order disturbance having technical education are more orientated toward corporate social responsibility activities. It has been evaluated that medium and high hierarchical order disturbance and intensity in chief executive officers succession influence the corporate social responsibility activity negatively. Specifically, firms having large number of employees prefer to adopt activity. Conclusively, the role of independent directors has been contemplated as moderators while orientating the novel successor toward corporate social responsibility activity.
Surface Modification of Hematite Photoanodes with CeOx Cocatalyst for Improved Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Kinetics
Authors: Ahmed Mahmoud G. , Zhang Mengyuan , Tay Ying Fan , Chiam Sing Yang , Wong Lydia H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHematite is a promising photoanode for solar water splitting by photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, but its performance is limited by the slow kinetics of water oxidation reaction or oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Surface modification of hematite photoanodes with a suitable water oxidation cocatalyst is a key strategy for improving the kinetics of water oxidation. In this study, a CeOx overlayer is deposited on the surface of the hematite photoanode by a water‐based solution method with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) followed by heat treatment. The photocurrent of CeOx‐modified hematite is 3 times higher than that of pristine hematite (at 1.23 V vs. RHE) under AM 1.5G, 1 sun conditions. Through hole‐scavenger measurements, Tafel plot analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it is concluded that CeOx overlayer increases the hole injection efficiency, improves the surface catalytic activity, and enhances charge transfer across the photoanode/electrolyte interface. These observations are attributed to the synergistic effects of Ce3+/Ce4+ redox species in CeOx and the oxygen vacancies. This work elucidates the role of CeOx as an efficient cocatalyst overlayer to improve the OER kinetics of photoanodes.
Recent Developments of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for High‐Rate Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu LePing , Zhou XiaoHong , Lu Lu , Wu XiaoLi , Wang FengJun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLithium ion batteries have been considered as a promising energy‐storage solution, the performance of which depends on the electrochemical properties of each component, including cathode, anode, electrolyte and separator. Currently, fast charging is becoming an attractive research field due to the widespread application of batteries in electric vehicles, which are designated to replace conventional diesel automobiles in the future. In these batteries, rate capability, which is closely linked to the topology and morphology of electrode materials, is one of the determining parameters of interest. It has been revealed that nanotechnology is an exceptional tool in designing and preparing cathodes and anodes with outstanding electrochemical kinetics due to the well‐known nanosizing effect. Nevertheless, the negative effects of applying nanomaterials in electrodes sometimes outweigh the benefits. To better understand the exact function of nanostructures in solid‐state electrodes, herein, a comprehensive review is provided beginning with the fundamental theory of lithium ion transport in solids, which is then followed by a detailed analysis of several major factors affecting the migration of lithium ions in solid‐state electrodes. The latest developments in characterisation techniques, based on either electrochemical or radiology methodologies, are covered as well. In addition, state‐of‐the‐art research findings are provided to illustrate the effect of nanomaterials and nanostructures in promoting the rate performance of lithium ion batteries. Finally, several challenges and shortcomings of applying nanotechnology in fabricating high‐rate lithium ion batteries are summarised.
Stabilized Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc Batteries Using Ethylene Glycol as Water Blocker
Authors: Wang Nan , Yang Yang , Qiu Xuan , Dong Xiaoli , Wang Yonggang , Xia Yongyao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAddressing the cost concerns and safety of zinc metal has stimulated research on mild aqueous Zn‐metal batteries. However, their application is limited by dendrite formation and H2 evolution on the Zn anode. Here, ethylene glycol (EG) is proposed as additional water blocker to form localized high‐concentration electrolyte for aqueous Zn batteries. This unique solvation structure inhibits hydrate formation and facilitates close association of Zn2+ and SO42−, which alleviates undesired H2 evolution and enables dendrite‐free Zn plating/stripping. Accordingly, a Zn//PQ‐MCT (phenanthrenequinone macrocyclic trimer) full cell with such electrolyte exhibits a very long cycling life (more than 8000 cycles). Furthermore, this EG‐based aqueous electrolyte is non‐flammable and inexpensive and prevents evaporation of water when open to the atmosphere, endowing aqueous Zn batteries with excellent safety performance and easy operability in practical applications.
Artifact cleaning of motor imagery EEG by statistical features extraction using wavelet families
Authors: Nagabushanam Perattur , George Selvaraj Thomas , Dolly Devaraj Raveena Judie , Radha Subramanyam 
Published: August 2020

SummaryElectroencephalogram (EEG) and its sub‐bands represent electrical pattern of human brain. EEG signal contains transient components, spikes, and different types of artifacts due to eye blinking, movement of the person, anxiety, and so forth, during EEG capture. Wavelet transforms are powerful mathematical tool for sampling approximation to get clean EEG. It also helps in filtering, sampling, interpolation, noise reduction, signal approximation and signal enhancement, and feature extraction. In this paper, we have analyzed artifact cleaning via PSD graphs and statistical features extracted from motor imagery EEG‐like standard deviation variance. For this, we considered 19 channels EEG signal and applied orthogonal Daubechies wavelet, bi‐orthogonal rbio wavelet and Coifman wavelets to check the better performance of different wavelets. Coifman wavelet uses both scaling function and vanishing moments for sampling approximation and hence give smooth sampling compared to rbio and Daubechies wavelet transforms. Coif is a compactly supported wavelet system which also helps in smooth sampling approximations than other wavelets in the state of arts. The detailed coefficients and approximate coefficients can be further used for extracting features from EEG and classification purposes. Artifacts cleaning is thus observed better in coif wavelet analysis compared to other wavelets from the power distributions as power spectral density (PSD) graphs, standard deviation and variance obtained. Matlab R2013b is used for filtering and sampling EEG. Python 2.7 is used for statistical features extraction.
Gründerzeitliche Mauerwerksbauten unter Erdbebeneinwirkung – Tragverhalten im Widerspruch zur aktuell angewandten Nachbemessung
Authors: Karic Amel , Kolbitsch Andreas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDie Standsicherheit historischer Mauerwerksbauten muss nicht nur bei gewöhnlichen Einwirkungen, sondern auch während Naturkatastrophen gewährleistet sein. Die seismische Bestandsbewertung der gründerzeitlichen Bausubstanz in Wien ist ein zentrales Thema in der qualitativen sowie konstruktiven Tragwerksbeurteilung. Obwohl der Mauerwerksbau seit vielen Jahrhunderten Anwendung findet, stellt die realistische Tragwerksbewertung eine hochkomplexe Herausforderung dar. Die nach aktuellen Regelwerken zur Nachbemessung herangezogenen Berechnungsmethoden vermögen nur unzureichend das reale Tragverhalten sowie die mögliche Aktivierung der globalen Versagensmechanismen wiederzugeben. Dies führt dazu, dass vereinfachte Nachweise rechnerisch oftmals nur schwer gelingen und zur Kompensation fragwürdige Verstärkungsmaßnahmen ergriffen werden, obwohl der Altbestand bereits einige Beben erlebt und überwiegend schadfrei überstanden hat. Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit den aktuell zur Erdbebennachbemessung verwendeten Ansätzen und verfolgt den Zweck, Problempunkte aufzuzeigen und sie einem leistungsfähigen, an Versuchsreihen gestützten Materialmodell zur räumlichen Tragwerksanalyse des historischen Altbestandes gegenüberzustellen. Es wird gezeigt, dass die herkömmlichen Berechnungsmethoden für den gemauerten Altbestand ohne Berücksichtigung der Interaktions‐ und Lastumlagerungseffekte sowie der charakteristischen Konstruktionsweise das reale Tragverhalten nur teilweise abbilden. Die Arbeit soll einen Beitrag zur technischen Fachdiskussion zur Erdbebensicherheit des Altbestandes darstellen sowie die Diskussion zur Formulierung realistischer Berechnungsmodelle beleben.
Belastungsprüfung im Kaufhaus Görlitz
Authors: Mosig Oliver , Wellner Sabine , Rudolph Jörg 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDas Jugendstil‐Kaufhaus in Görlitz gilt als letztes baulich erhaltenes Zeugnis der deutschen Warenhausarchitektur des frühen 20. Jh. Im Zuge der Sanierung des Gebäudes musste die Tragfähigkeit der Geschossdecken aufgrund erhöhter Lasten und zusätzlicher Anforderungen aus heutiger Normung neu beurteilt werden. Bei den Decken handelt es sich um Steineisendecken, sog. Reformhohlsteindecken – ein typisches System dieser Bauepoche – mit Spannweiten von bis zu 9 m. Das Otto‐Mohr‐Laboratorium des Instituts für Massivbau der TU Dresden führte dazu Traglastversuche an insgesamt zehn Deckenfeldern in unterschiedlichen Gebäudebereichen des Kaufhauses durch. Mit einer Belastungsrahmenkonstruktion konnten die Geschossdecken experimentell durch Probebelastungen für eine Flächenlast von 10,2 kN/m2 nachgewiesen werden. Die max. gemessenen Durchbiegungen blieben deutlich unterhalb der Grenzwerte, außer feinen Haarrissen konnten während der Belastungsprüfung keine Schäden oder Beeinträchtigungen festgestellt werden. Für die weitere Sanierung des Kaufhauses können somit aufwändige Verstärkungsmaßnahmen entfallen.Teile des hier vorliegenden Beitrags wurden erstmals im Tagungsband zum 10. Symposium Experimentelle Untersuchungen von Baukonstruktionen (SEUB) veröffentlicht.
Acne scars—Use of needling devices
Authors: Levy Marci D. , Gold Michael H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcne scarring is a common concern with psychosocial implications and numerous treatments available. Patient comfort, ease of treatment, satisfaction, and access can all impact adherence.ObjectiveTo discuss common needling technology available including electronic microneedling pens, fractional radiofrequency (RF) delivery via microelectrodes termed pins, and fractional RF microneedling treatment platforms.MethodsA literature review of commonly used available platforms and their associated data. Platforms discussed will be electronic microneedling pens (SkinPen, Crown Aesthetics; Collagen P.I.N. [percutaneous induction therapy], induction therapies), RF microneedling pins (eMatrix; Candela, Venus Viva; Venus Concept), and RF microneedling (Intensif, EndyMed Medical; Fractora and Morpheus8, InMode Ltd; Infini and Genius; Lutronic Inc; PiXel8‐RF, Rohrer Aesthetics; Legend Pro, Lumenis).ResultsMicroneedling, RF microneedling pins, and RF microneedling are well‐tolerated and effective for improving acne scarring, skin texture abnormalities, and overall aesthetic status. These modalities have been demonstrated to be safe on darker Fitzpatrick skin types and are often associated with minimal patient discomfort and good patient satisfaction.ConclusionNeedling technology will continue to improve and is worth considering when offering treatment of acne scarring given shortened downtime, ease of access, and subjective and objective improvement demonstrated in literature.