bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-contact diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea using impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar
Authors: Kang Sun , Kim Dong-Kyu , Lee Yonggu , Lim Young-Hyo , Park Hyun-Kyung , Cho Sung Ho , Cho Seok Hyun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile full-night polysomnography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea, its limitations include a high cost and first-night effects. This study developed an algorithm for the detection of respiratory events based on impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar and verified its feasibility for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. A total of 94 subjects were enrolled in this study (23 controls and 24, 14, and 33 with mild, moderate, and severe obstructive sleep apnea, respectively). Abnormal breathing detected by impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar was defined as a drop in the peak radar signal by ≥30% from that in the pre-event baseline. We compared the abnormal breathing index obtained from impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar and apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) measured from polysomnography. There was an excellent agreement between the Abnormal Breathing Index and AHI (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.927). The overall agreements of the impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar were 0.93 for Model 1 (AHI ≥ 5), 0.91 for Model 2 (AHI ≥ 15), and 1 for Model 3 (AHI ≥ 30). Impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar accurately detected respiratory events (apneas and hypopneas) during sleep without subject contact. Therefore, impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar may be used as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea.
Development and Validation of a Semi-Automated Surveillance Algorithm for Cardiac Device Infections: Insights from the VA CART program
Authors: Asundi Archana , Stanislawski Maggie , Mehta Payal , Mull Hillary J. , Schweizer Marin L. , Barón Anna E. , Ho P. Michael , Gupta Kalpana , Branch-Elliman Westyn 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProcedure-related cardiac electronic implantable device (CIED) infections have high morbidity and mortality, highlighting the urgent need for infection prevention efforts to include electrophysiology procedures. We developed and validated a semi-automated algorithm based on structured electronic health records data to reliably identify CIED infections. A sample of CIED procedures entered into the Veterans’ Health Administration Clinical Assessment Reporting and Tracking program from FY 2008–2015 was reviewed for the presence of CIED infection. This sample was then randomly divided into training (2/3) validation sets (1/3). The training set was used to develop a detection algorithm containing structured variables mapped from the clinical pathways of CIED infection. Performance of this algorithm was evaluated using the validation set. 2,107 unique CIED procedures from a cohort of 5,753 underwent manual review; 97 CIED infections (4.6%) were identified. Variables strongly associated with true infections included presence of a microbiology order, billing codes for surgical site infections and post-procedural antibiotic prescriptions. The combined algorithm to detect infection demonstrated high c-statistic (0.95; 95% confidence interval: 0.92–0.98), sensitivity (87.9%) and specificity (90.3%) in the validation data. Structured variables derived from clinical pathways can guide development of a semi-automated detection tool to surveil for CIED infection.
Layer-by-Layer Freezing of Nanoconfined Water
Authors: Xia Yiqing , Cho Hyeyoung , Deo Milind , Risbud Subhash H. , Bartl Michael H. , Sen Sabyasachi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNanoconfined water plays a pivotal role in a vast number of fields ranging from biological and materials sciences to catalysis, nanofluidics and geochemistry. Here, we report the freezing and melting behavior of water (D2O) nanoconfined in architected silica-based matrices including Vycor glass and mesoporous silica SBA-15 and SBA-16 with pore diameters ranging between 4–15 nm, which are investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and 2H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results provide compelling evidence that the extreme dynamical heterogeneity of water molecules is preserved over distances as small as a few angstroms. Solidification progresses in a layer-by-layer fashion with a coexistence of liquid-like and solid-like dynamical fraction at all temperatures during the transition process. The previously reported fragile-to-strong dynamic transition in nanoconfined water is argued to be a direct consequence of the layer-by-layer solidification.
Tracking the evolution of a single composite particle during redox cycling for application in H2 production
Authors: Neagu Dragos , Papaioannou Evangelos I. , Tjaden Bernhard , Lu Xuekun , Mak Cheuk-Man , Gaultois Michael W. , Ray Brian , Shearing Paul , Metcalfe Ian S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractComposite materials consisting of metal and metal oxide phases are being researched intensively for various energy conversion applications where they are often expected to operate under redox conditions at elevated temperature. Understanding of the dynamics of composite evolution during redox cycling is still very limited, yet critical to maximising performance and increasing durability. Here we track the microstructural evolution of a single composite particle over 200 redox cycles for hydrogen production by chemical looping, using multi-length scale X-ray computed tomography. We show that redox cycling triggers a centrifugal redispersion of the metal phase and a centripetal clustering of porosity, both seemingly driven by the asymmetric nature of oxygen exchange in composites. Initially, the particle develops a large amount of internal porosity which boosts activity, but on the long term this facilitates structural and compositional reorganisation and eventually degradation. These results provide valuable insight into redox-driven microstructural changes and also for the design of new composite materials with enhanced durability.
Nanoparticle corona artefacts derived from specimen preparation of particle suspensions
Authors: Ilett Martha , Matar Omar , Bamiduro Faith , Sanchez-Segado Sergio , Brydson Rik , Brown Andy , Hondow Nicole 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProgress in the implementation of nanoparticles for therapeutic applications will accelerate with an improved understanding of the interface between nanoparticle surfaces and the media they are dispersed in. We examine this interface by analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy and show that incorrect specimen preparation or analysis can induce an artefactual, nanoscale, calcium phosphate-rich, amorphous coating on nanoparticles dispersed in cell culture media. We report that this ionic coating can be induced on five different types of nanoparticles (Au, BaTiO3, ZnO, TiO2 and Fe2O3) when specimen preparation causes a significant rise in pH above physiological levels. Such a pH change reduces ionic solubility in the suspending media to permit precipitation of calcium phosphate. Finally, we demonstrate that there is no indication of a calcium-phosphorus-rich coating on BaTiO3 nanoparticles suspended in culture media when prepared without alteration of the pH of the suspending media and imaged by cryo-STEM. Therefore we recommend that future reports utilising nanoparticles dispersed in cell culture media monitor and report the pH of suspensions during sample preparation.
miR-216a-targeting theranostic nanoparticles promote proliferation of insulin-secreting cells in type 1 diabetes animal model
Authors: Wang Ping , Liu Qiong , Zhao Hongwei , Bishop Jack Owen , Zhou Guoli , Olson L. Karl , Moore Anna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAberrant expression of miRNAs in pancreatic islets is closely related to the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study was to identify key miRNAs dysregulated in pancreatic islets during T1D progression and to develop a theranostic approach to modify their expression using an MRI-based nanodrug consisting of iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to miRNA-targeting oligonucleotides in a mouse model of T1D. Isolated pancreatic islets were derived from NOD mice of three distinct age groups (3, 8 and 18-week-old). Total RNA collected from cultured islets was purified and global miRNA profiling was performed with 3D-Gene global miRNA microarray mouse chips encompassing all mouse miRNAs available on the Sanger miRBase V16. Of the miRNAs that were found to be differentially expressed across three age groups, we identified one candidate (miR-216a) implicated in beta cell proliferation for subsequent validation by RT-PCR. Alterations in miR-216a expression within pancreatic beta cells were also examined using in situ hybridization on the frozen pancreatic sections. For in vitro studies, miR-216a mimics/inhibitors were conjugated to iron oxide nanoparticles and incubated with beta cell line, βTC-6. Cell proliferation marker Ki67 was evaluated. Expression of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which is one of the direct targets of miR-216a, was analyzed using western blot. For in vivo study, the miR-216a mimics/inhibitors conjugated to the nanoparticles were injected into 12-week-old female diabetic Balb/c mice via pancreatic duct. The delivery of the nanodrug was monitored by in vivo MRI. Blood glucose of the treated mice was monitored post injection. Ex vivo histological analysis of the pancreatic sections included staining for insulin, PTEN and Ki67. miRNA microarray demonstrated that the expression of miR-216a in the islets from NOD mice significantly changed during T1D progression. In vitro studies showed that treatment with a miR-216a inhibitor nanodrug suppressed proliferation of beta cells and increased the expression of PTEN, a miR-216a target. In contrast, introduction of a mimic nanodrug decreased PTEN expression and increased beta cell proliferation. Animals treated in vivo with a mimic nanodrug had higher insulin-producing functionality compared to controls. These observations were in line with downregulation of PTEN and increase in beta cell proliferation in that group. Our studies demonstrated that miR-216a could serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes. miR-216a-targeting theranostic nanodrugs served as exploratory tools to define functionality of this miRNA in conjunction with in vivo MR imaging.
OncoOmics approaches to reveal essential genes in breast cancer: a panoramic view from pathogenesis to precision medicine
Authors: López-Cortés Andrés , Paz-y-Miño César , Guerrero Santiago , Cabrera-Andrade Alejandro , Barigye Stephen J. , Munteanu Cristian R. , González-Díaz Humberto , Pazos Alejandro , Pérez-Castillo Yunierkis , Tejera Eduardo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women and the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Although in recent years large-scale efforts have focused on identifying new therapeutic targets, a better understanding of BC molecular processes is required. Here we focused on elucidating the molecular hallmarks of BC heterogeneity and the oncogenic mutations involved in precision medicine that remains poorly defined. To fill this gap, we established an OncoOmics strategy that consists of analyzing genomic alterations, signaling pathways, protein-protein interactome network, protein expression, dependency maps in cell lines and patient-derived xenografts in 230 previously prioritized genes to reveal essential genes in breast cancer. As results, the OncoOmics BC essential genes were rationally filtered to 140. mRNA up-regulation was the most prevalent genomic alteration. The most altered signaling pathways were associated with basal-like and Her2-enriched molecular subtypes. RAC1, AKT1, CCND1, PIK3CA, ERBB2, CDH1, MAPK14, TP53, MAPK1, SRC, RAC3, BCL2, CTNNB1, EGFR, CDK2, GRB2, MED1 and GATA3 were essential genes in at least three OncoOmics approaches. Drugs with the highest amount of clinical trials in phases 3 and 4 were paclitaxel, docetaxel, trastuzumab, tamoxifen and doxorubicin. Lastly, we collected ~3,500 somatic and germline oncogenic variants associated with 50 essential genes, which in turn had therapeutic connectivity with 73 drugs. In conclusion, the OncoOmics strategy reveals essential genes capable of accelerating the development of targeted therapies for precision oncology.
Identification of Faecal Maternal Semiochemicals in Swine (Sus scrofa) and their Effects on Weaned Piglets
Authors: Aviles-Rosa Edgar O. , Surowiec Kaz , McGlone John 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPiglets are attracted to maternal faeces early in life. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify faecal maternal semiochemicals that attract piglets and evaluate their effects on piglets at weaning. Faecal samples were collected from eight sows during gestation and lactation. Faecal semiochemicals were extracted and identified using solid phase extraction and GC/MS. A total of 26 volatiles were present in lactating and gestating sow faeces. Sows secreted no unique semiochemical after farrowing. However, the concentration of skatole and myristic acid were 2.68 and 1.13 times higher after farrowing. A free-choice preference assessment showed that piglets had a preference for a feeder sprayed with a solution containing skatole and myristic acid. No preference was found when feeders were sprayed with skatole and myristic acid individually. The application of skatole and myristic acid to the feeders of weaned pigs significantly reduced piglet aggression by 30% and tended to increase feeding behaviour by 35% the first 24 h post-weaning. These results suggest that skatole and myristic acid might be acting as a multicomponent maternal signal that attracts piglets and has a calming effect at weaning.
Iron bioavailability from bouillon fortified with a novel ferric phytate compound: a stable iron isotope study in healthy women (part II)
Authors: Dold Susanne , Zimmermann Michael B. , Jeroense Frederike , Zeder Christophe , Habeych Edwin , Galaffu Nicola , Grathwohl Dominik , Tajeri Foman Jasmin , Merinat Sylvie , Rey Brigitte , Sabatier Magalie , Moretti Diego 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBouillon cubes are widely consumed and when fortified with iron could contribute in preventing iron deficiency. We report the development (part I) and evaluation (current part II) of a novel ferric phytate compound to be used as iron fortificant in condiments such as bouillon. Ferric pyrophosphate (FePP), is the compound of choice due to its high stability in foods, but has a modest absorption in humans. Our objective was to assess iron bioavailability from a novel iron fortificant consisting of ferric iron complexed with phytic acid and hydrolyzed corn protein (Fe-PA-HCP), used in bouillon with and without an inhibitory food matrix. In a randomised single blind, cross-over study, we measured iron absorption in healthy adult women (n = 22).In vitroiron bioaccessibility was assessed using a Caco-2 cell model. Iron absorption from Fe-PA-HCP was 1.5% and 4.1% in bouillon with and without inhibitory matrix, respectively. Relative iron bioavailability to FeSO4was 2.4 times higher than from FePP in bouillon (17% vs 7%) and 5.2 times higher when consumed with the inhibitory meal (41% vs 8%). Similar results were foundin vitro. Fe-PA-HCP has a higher relative bioavailability versus FePP, especially when bouillon is served with an inhibitory food matrix.
Biological efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles against diabetes: a preliminary study conducted in mice
Authors: Siddiqui Shafayet Ahmed , Or Rashid Md. Mamun , Uddin Md. Giash , Robel Fataha Nur , Hossain Mohammad Salim , Haque Md. Azizul , Jakaria Md. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The antidiabetic, hypoglycemic and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were assessed in mice. ZnONPs were prepared by reacting Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and NaOH solution at 70°C with continuous stirring and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Diabetes was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in mice, and then the blood glucose levels were determined by the glucose oxidase method. The experimental results revealed that ZnONPs suggestively (p&lt;0.001) declined the blood glucose levels (39.79%), while these reductions were 38.78% for the cotreatment of ZnONPs and insulin, and 48.60% for insulin, respectively. In the hypoglycemic study, ZnONPs (8 and 14 mg/kg b.w) reduced approximately 25.13 and 29.15% of blood glucose levels, respectively. A similar reduction was found in the OGTT test, which is also a dose- and time-dependent manner. Overall, ZnONPs possess a potential antidiabetic activity, which could be validated by further mechanistic studies.
Apelin-13 alleviated cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway to attenuate oxidative stress in rats with myocardial infarction-induced heart failure
Authors: Zhong Shan , Guo Hongli , Wang Hui , Xing Dan , Lu Tingting , Yang Jing , Wang Chen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present study aimed to determine whether apelin-13 could attenuate cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway to inhibit reactive oxygen species in heart failure (HF) rats. HF models were established by inducing ischemia myocardial infarction (MI) through ligation of the left anterior descending artery in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. MI-induced changes in hemodynamics and cardiac function were reversed by apelin-13 administration. The increases in the levels of collagen I, collagen III, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the heart of MI rats and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) treated with angiotensin (Ang) II were inhibited by apelin-13. The levels of PI3K and p-Akt increased in Ang II-treated CFs, and these increases were blocked by apelin-13. The PI3K overexpression reversed the effects of apelin-13 on Ang II-induced increases in collagen I, collagen III, α-SMA, and TGF-β, NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anions in CFs. Apelin-13 reduced the increases in the levels of NADPH oxidase activity and superoxide anions in the heart of MI rats and CFs with Ang II treatment. The results demonstrated that apelin-13 improved cardiac dysfunction, impaired cardiac hemodynamics, and attenuated fibrosis of CFs induced by Ang II via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to inhibit oxidative stress.
The development of cognitive independence of students based on information technology
Authors: Maygeldiyeva Sharbanu , Bekzhanova Bakytzhamal , Zhamansarieva Lazzat , Stamkulova Sholpan , Usenova Gulnur 
Published: March 2020

In the article the authors consider the development of cognitive independence as the leading axiological motive for teaching students at the university. The authors believe that value attitude to the world allows the student to engage in cognitive activity with the whole variety of his or her inner strengths and capabilities. Based on this, the basis for the development of cognitive independence as a personality trait is to determine the personal meaning, needs and motives of the trainees, which is inextricably linked with the value orientations and axiological potential of the individual.
The article also states that cognitive independence successfully develops in the process of studying the discipline “Computer studies” at the university, where technological support for information and educational interaction is carried out by means of Web technologies. The study of the authors of the article shows that the implementation of this idea is based on the creation in the university of an information and communication environment as one of the leading trends in the development of university education and is implemented through the Platonus system, where the teacher’s educational blog was created and forums were created both by the teacher and by themselves students. The authors note that the process of using new information technologies in the development of students’ cognitive independence depends directly on teachers, and therefore, in the future they pay attention to the need to form their information technology culture.
Lösungsmöglichkeiten bei fehlgeschlagenen Osteosynthesen – Ellenbogen
Authors: Graef Frank , Stöckle Ulrich , Thiele Kathi 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungRevisionsoperationen am Ellenbogen gestalten sich aufgrund der hochgradig kongruenten Gelenkpartner sowie der komplexen ligamentären Führung schwierig. Neben biomechanischen Gründen für ein Osteosyntheseversagen wie instabile Frakturversorgungen oder eine falsch rekonstruierte Anatomie können insbesondere ligamentäre Begleitverletzungen, wenn übersehen, eine Revision notwendig machen. Ziel muss die stabile Osteosynthese mit anatomischer Reposition sein. Neben osteosynthetischen Möglichkeiten ist bei frustranen Befunden die endoprothetische Versorgung möglich.
Hämodynamische Stabilisierung im kardiogen-septischen Schock – Einsatz eines ECLS-Systems in Kombination mit einer Mikroaxialpumpe
Authors: Wechsler Lukas , Heigl Johannes , Machann Holger , Witt Sabine , Schwinger Robert H. G. 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungBei kompliziertem septischen Schockgeschehen mit hämodynamischer Instabilität und kardiomyopathischer Komponente kann ein ECLS-System durch den Einsatz von VA-ECMO, und bei ungenügender Oxygenierung durch die Aufrüstung auf VAV-ECMO, in Kombination mit einer Mikroaxialpumpe zusätzlich zur optimierten Standardtherapie (Antibiose, Volumenstatus, Vasokonstriktoren, etc.) als Ultima-Ratio-Therapie angewandt werden. So konnte im vorliegenden Fall eine Stabilisierung mit Verbesserung der Oxygenierung, Organfunktion und Ventrikelfunktion erreicht werden.
A novel endoscopic hand-suturing technique for defect closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection: a pilot study
Authors: Abe Seiichiro , Saito Yutaka , Tanaka Yusaku , Ego Mai , Yanagisawa Fumito , Kawashima Kazumasa , Takamaru Hiroyuki , Sekiguchi Masau , Yamada Masayoshi , Sakamoto Taku , Matsuda Takahisa , Goto Osamu , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of endoscopic hand-suturing (EHS) and attainability of sustained closure after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
Methods EHS was defined as uninterrupted endoscopic suturing of the mucosal defect after colorectal ESD using an absorbable barbed suture and a through-the-scope needle holder. Following individual EHS training using an ex vivo porcine colonic model, two experienced endoscopists performed EHS. Repeat colonoscopy was performed on the third or fourth day after ESD to examine the EHS site. The primary end point was the complete EHS closure rate, and secondary end points were sustained closure and post-ESD bleeding rates.
Results 11 lesions were included. Median size of the mucosal defect was 38 mm (range 25 – 55 mm) and the lesion characteristics were as follows: lower rectum/upper rectum/ascending colon/cecum = 3/3/2/3, and 0-IIa/0-Is + IIa/others = 5/4/2. EHS was not attempted in two patients owing to difficulty in colonoscope reinsertion after ESD and intraoperative perforation, respectively. EHS was performed for nine lesions, and the complete EHS closure rate was 73 %. Median procedure time for suturing was 56 minutes (range 30 – 120 minutes) and median number of stitches was 8 (range 6 – 12). Sustained closure and post-ESD bleeding rates were 64 % and 9 %, respectively.
Conclusions EHS achieved complete and sustained closure in the colorectum. However, EHS is not currently clinically applicable given the long procedure time. Further modifications of the technique and devices are desirable.