bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Functioning in Deaf Children Using Cochlear Implants
Authors: Almomani Fidaa , Garadat Soha , Alqudah Safa , Almomani Murad O , Kassab Manal , Hamadneh Shereen , Rauterkus Grant , Gans Richard 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cognitive abilities like language, memory, reasoning, visualization, and perceptual functioning shape human action and are considered critical to the successful interaction with the environment. Alternatively, hearing loss can disrupt a child’s ability to communicate, and negatively impact cognitive development. Cochlear implants (CI) restore auditory input thereby supporting communication and may enhance cognitive performance. This study compares general cognitive development after cochlear implantation in two groups of children implanted earlier (age:4-6 years, N=22) and later (7-9 years, N=16) to the development of randomly selected normal hearing peers (N=48).DESIGN: Visualization, reasoning, memory, and attention were assessed using the Leiter-R scale at baseline (before implantation), and 8 months and 16 months post implantation for children with and without hearing loss RESULTS: Over the 16-month period, the cognitive improvement of 4-6 year old deaf children was greater than that of their normal hearing peers on all scales except for attention, while the improvement of 7-9 year olds was less major than that of their normal hearing peers on all scales. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that CI not only enhances communication skills but may improve cognitive functioning in deaf children. However, the extent of this improvement was dependent on age at intervention; current results demonstrated that the children received CI at young ages had better cognitive improvements.
A Hawkes process model for the propagation of COVID-19: simple analytical results
Authors: Escobar Juan Valentin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We present a model for the COVID-19 epidemic that offers analytical expressions for the newly registered and latent cases. This model is based on an epidemic branching process with latency that is greatly simplified when the bare memory kernel is given by an exponential function as observed in this pandemic. We expose the futility of the concept of “reaching the peak” of the epidemic as long as the number of latent cases is not depleted. Our model offers the possibility of laying out different scenarios for the evolution of the epidemic in different countries based on the most recent observations and in terms of only two constants obtained from clinical trials. Furthermore, by analyzing the number of registered new deaths, our model suggests that the recent surge in new COVID-19 cases in the USA is a consequence of an increase in testing, but only up to the second week of June of 2020.
A neonate born to mother with COVID-19 during Pregnancy &amp; HELLP syndrome: A possible vertical transmission
Authors: Mohakud Nirmal kumar , KrishnaYerru Hari , Rajguru Monalisha , Saxena Shlok , Kollu Srinitya , Sharma Natasha , Naik Sushree Samiksha 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 infection in newborn is uncommon, and there is doubt regarding vertical transmission of COVID-19 from an infected mother. We report a preterm neonate born to a mother with HELLP syndrome and COVID-19 pneumonia, who was COVID-19 positive (RT-PCR of tracheal aspirate) at 12 hours of age.
WITHDRAWN: Early Outbreak Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemic: China and Global Health Perspectives
Authors: Dey Samrat Kumar , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Siddiqi Umme Raihan , Howlader Arpita 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Globally, there is an obvious concern about the fact that the evolving 2019-nCoV coronavirus is a worldwide public health threat. The appearance in China at the end of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; previously provisionally labeled as 2019 novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19) caused a major global outbreak and right now is a major community health issue. As of 8 March 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) data showed that more than 105 500 confirmed cases were reported in over 100 countries/regions, with > 75% of cases being detected in China and >24% of cases detected globally. COVID-19 outbreak is evolving so rapidly; therefore, the available epidemiological data are essential to direct strategies for situational awareness and intervention. Methods: This article will present a visual exploratory data analysis (V-EDA) approach to collect and analyze COVID-19 data on epidemiological outbreaks. Various open data sources on the outbreak of COVID-19 provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Health Commission (NHC), Johns Hopkins University Interactive Dashboard and DXY.cn have been used in this research.Results: Therefore, an Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) with visualizations has been designed and developed in order to understand the number of different cases reported (confirmed, death, and recovered) in different provinces of China and outside of China between 22 January 2020 to 4 March 2020. Various open data sources on the outbreak of COVID-19 provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Health Commission (NHC), Johns Hopkins University Interactive Dashboard and DXY.cn have been used in this research. Conclusion: In all, this is extremely important to promptly spread information to understand the risks of this pandemic and begin containment activities.
Obtaining adsorbents from acid and acid-thermal activation of bentonite for chlorothalonil pesticide removal
Authors: Boudouara Nadia , Marouf Réda , Schott Jacques 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bentonite samples collected from M'Zila of Mostaganem (Algeria) were treated in first protocol with sulfuric acid at concentrations 1, 3 and 6N. The second protocol concerns the acid attack of bentonite combined with thermal treatment at temperatures of 100 and 200 °C. The obtained adsorbents were characterized by different analyses techniques such as chemical composition, X-ray diffraction (XRD), specific surface area and pHPZC. The modified bentonites were used for removal of Chlorothalonil (Chl) from aqueous solution. The adsorption behavior of the pesticide was studied under different experimental conditions of pH, contact time, concentration of Chl and temperature of solution. The adsorption of Chl followed pseudo-second order kinetics and was described by the Freundlich equation. Thermodynamic study revealed that Chl adsorption was endothermic and physical in nature.
Influences of deficit irrigation on soil water content distribution and spring wheat growth in Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia of China
Authors: Zhou Ling 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to develop a water-saving irrigation system for spring wheat, field experiments were conducted on the deficit irrigation of spring wheat in Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia. Through measurement of soil moisture content, the spring wheat growth and yield index, the influences of deficit irrigation on soil moisture distribution and spring wheat growth were studied. Results showed that, in the soil layers 0–100 cm below the ground, the soil moisture content under full irrigation at 100% ETc (ETc denotes actual water demanded by crops) and that under deficit irrigation at 80% ETc increased with the increase of soil layer depth; specifically, soil moisture under deficit irrigation at 60% ETc was mainly distributed in the subsurface layer (20–40 cm) and the middle layer (40–60 cm). The spring wheat yield was not greatly influenced by the deficit irrigation at 80% ETc, showing a decrease of merely 5–13% compared with that under full irrigation, while deficit irrigation at 60% ETc had greater impact on the growth and yield of spring wheat, cutting the yield by 10–37% in comparison with that under full irrigation. In the study area, the deficit irrigation treatment at 80% ETc was adopted, wherein the irrigation norm in the growth period was 288 mm. This irrigation system had little adverse impact on spring wheat growth and yield, and therefore, water-saving irrigation could be realized.
An Overview of Algorithms and Associated Applications for Single Cell RNA-Seq Data Imputation
Authors: Basharat Zarrin , Majeed Sania , Saleem Humaira , Khan Ishtiaq Ahmad , Yasmin Azra 
Published: July 2020

:
Single cell RNA-Seq technology enables assessment of RNA expression in individual cells. This makes it popular in experimental biology for gleaning specifications of novel cell types as well as inferring heterogeneity. Experimental
data conventionally contains zero counts or dropout events for many single cell transcripts. Such missing data hampers the
accurate analysis using standard workflows, designed for massive RNA-Seq datasets. Imputation for single cell datasets is
done to infer the missing values. This was traditionally done with ad-hoc code but later customized pipelines, workflows
and specialized softwares appeared for the purpose. This made it easy to benchmark and cluster things in an organized manner. In this review, we have assembled a catalog of available RNA-Seq single cell imputation algorithms/workflows and associated softwares for the scientific community performing single-cell RNA-Seq data analysis. Continued development of
imputation methods, especially using deep learning approaches would be necessary for eradicating associated pitfalls and
addressing challenges associated with future large scale and heterogeneous datasets.
Gene Therapy, A Novel Therapeutic Tool for Neurological Disorders: Current Progress, Challenges and Future Prospective
Authors: Iqubal Ashif , Iqubal Mohammad Kashif , Khan Aamir , Ali Javed , Baboota Sanjula , Haque Syed Ehtaishamul 
Published: July 2020

:
Neurological disorders are one of the major threat for health care system as they put enormous
socioeconomic burden. All aged populations are susceptible to one or other neurological problems
with symptoms of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction. At present,
available pharmacotherapeutics are insufficient to treat these diseased conditions and in most cases,
they provide only palliative effect. It was also found that the molecular etiology of neurological disorders
is directly linked with the alteration in genetic makeup, which can be inherited or triggered by the
injury, environmental toxins and by some existing disease. Therefore, to take care of this situation,
gene therapy has emerged as an advanced modality that claims to permanently cure the disease by deletion,
silencing or edition of faulty genes and by insertion of healthier genes. In this modality, vectors
(viral and non-viral) are used to deliver targeted gene into a specific region of the brain via various
routes. At present, gene therapy has shown positive outcomes in complex neurological disorders, such
as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington disease, Multiple sclerosis, Amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis and in lysosomal storage disease. However, there are some limitations such as immunogenic
reactions non-specificity of viral vectors and a lack of effective biomarkers to understand the efficacy
of therapy. Considerable progress has been made to improve vector design, gene selection and
targeted delivery. This review article deals with the current status of gene therapy in neurological disorders
along with its clinical relevance, challenges and future prospective.
Glycemic Variability, Oxidative Stress, and Impact on Complications Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Valente Tatiana , Arbex Alberto K. 
Published: July 2020

:
Chronic hyperglycemia is an established risk factor for the development of complications in
both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but glycemic variability has emerged as a possible independent risk factor
for diabetes complications, possibly through oxidative stress. In this review, methods to access glycemic
variability and oxidative stress, as well as their correlations, are discussed. Non-pharmacological
and pharmacological strategies are also debated to achieve better glycemic control, not only by HbA1c
target but also with reduced glycemic fluctuations, possibly minimizing the risk of diabetes complications.
The JPJDF has Synergistic Effect with Fluoropyrimidine in the Maintenance Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Fu Xiaoling , Zhang Yanbo , Chang Lisheng , Hui Dengcheng , Jia Ru , Liu Ningning , Zhang Huayue , Han Gang , Han Zhifen , Li Yuan , Liu Hui , Zhu Huirong , Li Qi 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Maintenance chemotherapeutic regimen with low toxicity is needed for
metastatic colorectal cancer. A recent patent has been issued on the spleen-strengthening and detoxification
prescription (JPJDF), a traditional Chinese herbal medicinal formula with anti-angiogenesis
effect. The clinical effect of JPJDF on the maintenance treatment of advanced colorectal cancer
has not been evaluated.

Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of JPJDF in combination with
fluoropyrimidine compared to fluoropyrimidine alone as maintenance therapy for metastatic colorectal
cancer.

Methods:
We applied a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, single center clinical study design.
A total of 137 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were recruited. Patients received either
Fluoropyrimidine (Flu-treated group, n = 68), or Fluoropyrimidine plus JPJDF (Flu-F-treated
group, n = 69) as maintenance treatment after 6-cycle of FOLFOX4 or FOLFORI induction treatment.
The primary endpoints were Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS).
The secondary endpoints were safety, Performance Status (PS) score and other symptoms.

Results:
The endpoint of disease progression was observed in 91.7% of patients. The PFS was 5.0
months and 3.0 months in the Flu-F-treated and Flu-treated groups, respectively. The OS was 15.0
months and 9.0 months in the Flu-F-treated and Flu-treated groups, respectively. Some common
symptoms, such as hypodynamia, anepithymia, dizziness and tinnitus and shortness of breath, were
improved in the Flu-F-treated group. There was no significant difference in the common adverse reactions
between the two groups.

Conclusion:
JPJDF and fluoropyrimidine have synergistic effect in the maintenance treatment of
mCRC.
Towards consistent penalty decisions for breaches of academic regulations in one UK university
Authors: Carroll Jude , Appleton Jon 
Published: July 2020

This paper investigates the extent to which policies and procedures designed to achieve fair, consistent treatment of student plagiarism are effective in one UK university. The
case study uses a model more frequently linked to reliability in assessment decisions to inspect penalty decisions and consider ways of achieving greater consistency. The study
notes activities that are important in achieving greater consistency such as sharing assumptions and information between decision makers, introducing specialist officers, and
restricting penalty choice. The authors describe a tariff system for choosing appropriate penalties and evaluate its potential for future monitoring of decisions. Areas for continued attention are identified in the case study, because fully consistent treatment cannot yet be demonstrated.
Does educational integrity mean teaching students NOT to 'use their own words'?
Authors: McGowan Ursula 
Published: July 2020

In the face of increasing evidence of plagiarism in higher education the maintenance of educational integrity relies on the capacity of universities to strengthen their systems for consistent detection of and penalties for deliberate
plagiarism, cheating and other fraudulent practices. However, there is a danger that the resolve to do so may be weakened if these systems become overloaded by the detection of a high incidence of unintentional plagiarism. The focus of
this paper is on international students for whom English is an additional language (EAL) and whose plagiarism is most easily recognised, as many set out on their degree courses with no experience in a Western academic environment, an unsteady command of English grammar and a relatively limited range of
vocabulary. The advice to 'use their own words' in order to avoid accidental plagiarism may be more confusing than helpful for them. This paper proposes that far from trapping students in their existing repertoire of words, the teaching,
assessment and feedback advice provided within university courses should explicitly support their students' development of the formal language that is valued in academic writing. It is suggested that the basis for doing so is an understanding of the essential differences between informal, spoken language
and the more formal style required in written assignments. An educational approach that successfully removes innocent plagiarists from the disciplinary system could become a means for assuring a university's educational integrity.
Keywords: plagiarism, 'own words', spoken and written language, re-usable language, international students, English as an Additional Language (EAL).
Academic motivation and misconduct in two cultures: A comparative analysis of US and Ukrainian undergraduates
Authors: Stephens Jason M , Romakin Volodymyr , Yukhymenko Mariya 
Published: July 2020

The present study explored differences between United States (US) and Ukrainian undergraduates (N=378) in terms of their academic motivation and its relation to their beliefs and behaviours related to academic misconduct. Specifically, this study investigated differences between US and Ukrainian students' task value, goal orientations, moral beliefs about cheating and engagement in cheating behaviour. Results revealed several significant differences between US and Ukrainian students. While similar in their level of academic task value and mastery goal orientation, Ukrainian students had reported being less performance goal oriented than their US counterparts. Ukrainian students also reported lower judgments about the wrongness of cheating and higher levels of engagement in cheating behaviour than US students. Finally, regression analyses revealed a significant culture x task value interaction on both cheating beliefs and behaviours: among Ukrainian undergraduates, increases in task value both strengthen beliefs about the wrongness of cheating and reduce engagement in it. These results and their theoretical and educational significance are
discussed.
Teaching digital natives: Partnering for real learning
Authors: Moore Christopher 
Published: July 2020

Prensky introduced us to the "digital natives" in 2001, claiming that the generation of students born in the 1980s and the 1990s are so steeped in the use of digital technologies that they think, act and are motivated differently to older generations. Digital natives have been also described as "millenials" (Howe and Strauss, 2003) and members of the "net-generation"(Tapscott, 1998). These labels, along with their technological determinism, have polarised debates in education about adapting teaching approaches to different learning styles and 'new' media technologies. Those critical of Prensky highlight his "weak empirical and theoretical foundations" (Bennett, Maton & Kervin, 2008, p.777) and similar charges might be laid against his latest book, Teaching digital natives: Partnering for real learning (2010). However, I find that Prensky writes with a practical and experiential integrity that grounds his latest pedagogical offering.
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Medical Student Training in eHealth: Scoping Review
Authors: Echelard Jean-François , Méthot François , Nguyen Hue-Anh , Pomey Marie-Pascale 
Published: July 2020

Background
eHealth is the use of information and communication technologies to enable and improve health and health care services. It is crucial that medical students receive adequate training in eHealth as they will work in clinical environments that are increasingly being enabled by technology. This trend is especially accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic as it complicates traditional face-to-face medical consultations and highlights the need for innovative approaches in health care.

Objective
This review aims to evaluate the extent and nature of the existing literature on medical student training in eHealth. In detail, it aims to examine what this education consists of, the barriers, enhancing factors, and propositions for improving the medical curriculum. This review focuses primarily on some key technologies such as mobile health (mHealth), the internet of things (IoT), telehealth, and artificial intelligence (AI).

Methods
Searches were performed on 4 databases, and articles were selected based on the eligibility criteria. Studies had to be related to the training of medical students in eHealth. The eligibility criteria were studies published since 2014, from a peer-reviewed journal, and written in either English or French. A grid was used to extract and chart data.

Results
The search resulted in 25 articles. The most studied aspect was mHealth. eHealth as a broad concept, the IoT, AI, and programming were least covered. A total of 52% (13/25) of all studies contained an intervention, mostly regarding mHealth, electronic health records, web-based medical resources, and programming. The findings included various barriers, enhancing factors, and propositions for improving the medical curriculum.

Conclusions
Trends have emerged regarding the suboptimal present state of eHealth training and barriers, enhancing factors, and propositions for optimal training. We recommend that additional studies be conducted on the following themes: barriers, enhancing factors, propositions for optimal training, competencies that medical students should acquire, learning outcomes from eHealth training, and patient care outcomes from this training. Additional studies should be conducted on eHealth and each of its aspects, especially on the IoT, AI, programming, and eHealth as a broad concept. Training in eHealth is critical to medical practice in clinical environments that are increasingly being enabled by technology. The need for innovative approaches in health care during the COVID-19 pandemic further highlights the relevance of this training.