bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organ perfusion pressure predicts outcomes in cardiogenic shock patients
Authors: Bocchino Pier Paolo , Frea Simone , Sacco Alice , Bertaina Maurizio , Pappalardo Federico , Tavazzi Guido , Morici Nuccia , Angelini Filippo , Garatti Laura , Briani Martina , Sorini Dini Carlotta , Villanova Luca , Gallone Guglielmo , Ravera Amelia , Bertoldi Letizia , Corsini Anna , Maj Giulia , Potena Luciano , Camporotondo Rita , Colombo Costanza Natalia Julia , Montisci Andrea , Oliva Fabrizio , Iannaccone Mario , D'Ettore Nicoletta , Valente Serafina , Pagnesi Matteo , Metra Marco , Marini Marco , De Ferrari Gaetano Maria 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimsThe diagnosis of cardiogenic shock (CS) relies upon signs and/or symptoms of end‐organ hypoperfusion. The combination of hypoperfusion and systemic congestion identifies patients at particularly high risk. This study evaluated organ perfusion pressure (OPP), calculated as mean arterial pressure minus invasive central venous pressure, as a predictor of outcomes in CS.Methods and resultsAll consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction‐related CS (AMI‐CS) or acutely decompensated heart failure‐related CS (ADHF‐CS) enrolled in the multicentre Altshock‐2 registry between January 2020 and November 2023 were included. The primary outcome was in‐hospital all‐cause mortality. Overall, 316 patients were included (mean age: 64 ± 13 years, 62 [20%] female, median left ventricular ejection fraction: 22% [interquartile range, IQR 15–30%], 261 [85.9%] SCAI stage C or worse, median OPP at presentation: 57.0 mmHg [IQR 47.0–69.8 mmHg]). A total of 117 (37%) patients died during the hospitalization. Low OPP (i.e. <57.0 mmHg) was associated with significantly higher in‐hospital all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.757, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.208–2.556, p = 0.003), whereas low mean arterial pressure alone was not (HR 1.323, 95% CI 0.901–1.941, p = 0.153). After multivariable adjustment for significant clinical data available at first bedside assessment (age and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score), low OPP still predicted significantly higher in‐hospital all‐cause mortality (HR per mmHg decrease: 1.016, 95% CI 1.004–1.029, p = 0.010). Low OPP appeared particularly powerful in predicting higher in‐hospital all‐cause mortality among ADHF‐CS patients (HR 3.172, p = 0.002).ConclusionIn this multicentre, observational, prospective study on patients hospitalized for CS, lower OPP on admission was associated with significantly higher in‐hospital all‐cause mortality.
Triphase Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts of Ni and Co for High‐Performing Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Karunarathne Shadeepa , Sandaruwan Chanaka , Kannangara Yasun Y. , Demko Denisa , Orange François , Mija Alice , Kamai Ali Reza , Abdelkader Amr M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe limited energy density of the current Li‐ion batteries restricts the electrification of transportation to small‐ and medium‐scale vehicles. On the contrary, Li‐O2 batteries (LOBs), with their significantly higher theoretical energy density, can power heavy‐duty transportation, if the sluggish electrode kinetics in these devices can be substantially improved. The use of solid electrocatalysts at the cathode is a viable strategy to address this challenge, but current electrocatalysts fail to provide sufficient discharge depths and cyclability, primarily due to the formation of the film‐like discharge product, Li₂O₂, on catalytic sites, which obstructs charge transport and gas diffusion pathways. Here, we report that a triphase heterogeneous catalyst comprising NiCoP, NiCo2S4, and NiCo2O4, assembled into a hierarchical hollow architecture (NC‐3@Ni), efficiently modulates the morphology and orientation of the discharge product, facilitating the sheet‐like growth of Li2O2 perpendicular to the cathode surface. These modifications enable the assembled LOB to deliver a high discharge capacity of 25 162 mAh g−1 at 400 mA g−1, along with impressive cycling performance, achieving 270 cycles with a discharge depth of 1000 mAh g−1, exceeding 1350 h of continuous operation. This promising performance is attributed to the presence of individual electrophilic and nucleophilic phases within the heterogeneous microstructure of the triphase catalyst, collectively promoting the formation of sheet‐like Li2O2.
image
Stockholm metro expansion
Authors: Jonsson Jekaterina , Leiner Peter , Nilsson Johanna 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe article highlights the innovative engineering solutions for complex geological conditions within Stockholm's metro expansion project. Key technical methods included ground freezing in the Mårtensdal fault zone and the use of secant piles as deep retaining walls at Sofia station, set to become one of the world's deepest subway stations. For sub‐sea tunnelling at Ladugårdslandsviken, the observational method was utilized to mitigate risks of tunnel collapse and uncontrolled water ingress. Lessons learned provide invaluable insights to navigate complex geological and logistical challenges and advance civil engineering practices. The ground freezing method is highly effective for stabilizing ground but requires meticulous design, precise casing alignment, and thorough monitoring to maintain optimal temperature levels. Early risk assessments and detailed site investigations, sampling, and lab testing are crucial for reliable modelling and predicting challenges. Use of secant piles in challenging soil conditions can be successful but demands careful logistical planning and consideration of space constraints. On‐site adjustments, such as extending piles or modifying grouting techniques, may be necessary. Utilizing the observational method allows for real‐time monitoring and adaptive measures which can prevent delays and maintain safety. Using technology like FME software for 3D modelling with aggregated production data greatly improves productivity and risk mitigation strategies.
Does the Timing of the Initiation of Physical Therapy Post‐Rotator Cuff Repair Impact Shoulder Function?
Authors: Barillas Reivian Berrios , Irrgang James 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRehabilitation typically restores shoulder function after a common rotator cuff repair; however, it is unclear when to initiate physical therapy (PT) post‐surgery. To understand effective start times, this study analyzed PT start times and their effect on shoulder function. The most effective shoulder outcomes were hypothesized to occur when PT started 0–4 weeks post‐surgery.MethodsData from 1002 patients who underwent rotator cuff repair were analyzed retrospectively from 52 outpatient clinics in the years of 2016–2021. The primary data of timings between surgery and the start of PT (0–2 weeks [0–14 days], 2–4 weeks [15–28 days], 4–6 weeks [29–42 days], and 6–14 weeks [43–100 days]), change in functional shoulder scores, number of PT visits utilized, and functional scores changed per visit were analyzed. Regression analyses of the impact of age, sex, payor source, and tear size were completed.ResultsThe change in functional scores and functional scores changed per visit are not affected by the initiation timing of PT post‐ rotator cuff surgery, when controlling for baseline functional scores. This result is revealed despite initial functional scores being significantly different. Functional scores change per visit may have been affected by payor source (R2 = 0.004, p ≤ 0.010). PT start times may have been impacted by age (R2 = 0.010, p = 0.007), payor source (R2 = 0.016, p = 0.001), and tear size (R2 = 0.007, p = 0.026). Payor source may have influenced the number of PT visits (R2 = 0.060, p < 0.001).ConclusionsAfter rotator cuff surgery, patients should choose to complete rehabilitation to optimize shoulder function. However, the initiation timing of PT may not affect functional shoulder outcomes.
Upper Aerodigestive Tract Liposarcoma: Four Cases of a Rare Entity and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Ramesh Uma , Nieves Antonio Bon , Feucht Maria , Wang Naomi , Alapati Rahul , Hamill Chelsea S. , Kraft Shannon , Garnett James , Shrock Devin , Karadaghy Omar , Craig Ethan , Bur Andrés M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLiposarcomas involving the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) are extremely rare. Consequently, consensus regarding the treatment approach and surveillance is not well established.MethodsWe present four cases of UADT liposarcoma. All patients presented with either dysphagia or respiratory difficulty and underwent endoscopic examination as part of their diagnostic workup. Surgical excision, either endoscopic or open resection, was performed for all patients.ResultsAll patients had a pathologic diagnosis of well‐differentiated liposarcoma without nodal or distant disease involvement. One patient underwent complete resection with no recurrences. Another patient experienced several recurrences, and his tumor ultimately underwent rapid disease progression and pathologic transformation into dedifferentiated liposarcoma, necessitating total laryngectomy. Of the two patients with positive surgical margins at their initial resections, one was lost to follow‐up from our institution. The other three patients, including the second patient with positive margins, continue to follow up with endoscopic surveillance at our institution with no evidence of residual disease.ConclusionsUADT liposarcoma is a locally aggressive tumor that may frequently recur. Stringent surveillance is necessary to monitor disease progression, particularly if positive margins are noted during surgical excision. The role of adjuvant therapy has yet to be established.
Rowell Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review on Pathogenesis of a Rare and Challenging Entity and the Horizon of Targeted Therapeutics
Authors: Khayyat Azadeh , Zohouri Seyed Amir , Esmaaeil Pour Mohammad Ali , Hatami Parvaneh , Smoller Bruce R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRowell syndrome (RS), an infrequent illness characterized by a combination of erythema multiforme‐like manifestations and systemic lupus erythematosus, poses diagnostic and clinical issues to the healthcare system. Initially discovered by Dr. Virginie Rowell in 1963, the disorder manifests as an overlapping illness with various dermatological and rheumatological conditions, necessitating precise assessment.MethodThe review encompasses demographic characters, dermatological signs and symptoms, triggering or contributing factors, laboratory studies, diagnosis and therapy challenges, and the outcome of RS. Through an analysis of the literature, this study identifies sunlight, medication use, COVID‐19 vaccination, and bacterial infections as contributing predisposing risks. Laboratory abnormalities revealed positive antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor as common features, supporting the autoimmune origin of this illness.ResultMedications vary, with systemic corticosteroids used as the initial therapy, and appropriate proper outcomes are observed with rituximab and hydroxychloroquine. Recent discoveries in biological agents and targeted immunotherapies have provided useful options for personalized care.ConclusionIn summary, our study provides detailed and valuable data to deepen our knowledge about RS, showing the need for further investigations to discover the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis and to identify novel targeted agents that can individualize the treatment plan.
Comparing Cesarean Incisional Complications in Women With and Without Enoxaparin: A Quasi‐Experimental Study
Authors: Hafizi Leili , Khoshniat Freshteh , Mirteimouri Masoumeh , Khazaeian Safoura 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsAlthough some women who undergo cesarean section need to receive prophylactic Enoxaparin due to the increased risk of thromboembolism during their puerperium period, the question is always raised of whether this drug with the mechanism of increased bleeding may increase surgical wound complications. Hence, the present study was conducted with the aim of a comparative study on complications of abdominal incision in cesarean section patients with and without receiving Enoxaparin.MethodsA quasi‐experimental study was conducted on 789 cesarean section participants (317 receiving Enoxaparin and 472 control subjects), 20–40 years pregnant women in Imam Reza and Ummal‐Banin hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. All participants who scored three or more for thromboembolism risk based on the National Protocol received Enoxaparin after surgery. Those with underlying wound complication risk factors were excluded from the study. Then, both groups were evaluated for abdominal incision complications up to 2 weeks after their delivery and were compared with each other. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsIn total, 5% of patients in the Enoxaparin group and 5.5% in the control group had ulcer complications (p = 0.7). The frequency of the type of complication between the two groups was as follows: hematoma (p = 0.8), ecchymosis (p = 0.5), wound infection (p = 0.9), wound partial dehiscence (p = 0.09), wound total dehiscence (p = 0.3), secondary closure of the incision (p = 0.7) which had no meaningful statistical difference.ConclusionBased on the outcomes obtained in the present study, prescribing Enoxaparin after a cesarean in cases receiving this drug for thromboembolic prophylaxis did not significantly increase the complications of abdominal incision, and there was no need for more incision care.
Design and Testing of a Single‐Slope Solar Still With a Semi‐Elliptical Absorbent Base: An Experimental and Numerical Study
Authors: Saeed Muntadher Mohammed Ali , Hameed Hassanain Ghani , Abbass Assaad A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, a single‐slope solar still with a semi‐elliptical absorption base (SES) is designed, manufactured, and tested. The semi‐elliptical solar still (SES) design reduces the sun's shadow generated by the sharp walls on the absorbent base and makes the most of the available solar radiation. We compared the performance of the proposed solar still (SES) with the conventional square base absorption solar still (CSS). The two models were made of precisely the same materials and had the same area of the absorption part. The experimental results of semi‐elliptical stills showed that yield productivity increased by about 306.5% compared to conventional stills. This decreased the cost of producing a liter of fresh water from 0.0316 $ to 0.0092 $, up to 71%.
Development and validation of a transcription factor regulatory network‐based signature for individualized prognostic risk in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Kai , Xiang Jun , Zhou Jun , Chen Congcong , Wang Zhoufeng , Qin Na , Zhu Meng , Bi Lingfeng , Gong Linnan , Yang Liu , Chen Yingjia , Xu Xianfeng , Dai Juncheng , Ma Hongxia , Hu Zhibin , Li Weimin , Wang Cheng , Jin Guangfu , Shen Hongbing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDespite significant progress in diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) still exhibits a high recurrence risk and a low 5‐year survival rate. Reliable prognostic signatures are imperative for risk stratification in LUAD patients. This study encompassed 2740 patients from 23 LUAD cohorts, including one single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) dataset, five bulk RNA‐seq datasets, and 17 microarray datasets. Using scRNA‐seq dataset, we defined a group of epithelial‐specific transcription factors significantly over‐represented in the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene set (enrichment ratio [ER] = 5.80, Fisher's exact test p < .001), and the corresponding target genes were significantly enriched in the cancer driver gene set (ER = 2.74, p < .001), indicating of their crucial roles in the EMT process and tumor progression. We constructed a single‐cell gene pairs (scGPS) signature, composed of 3521 gene pairs derived from the epithelial cell‐specific transcription factor regulatory network, to predict overall survival (OS) of LUAD. High‐risk patients identified by scGPS in the discovery cohort exhibited significantly worse OS compared to low‐risk patients (Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.29–2.46, log‐rank p = 1.80 × 10−4). The scGPS outperformed other established gene signatures and demonstrated robust prognostic stratification across various independent datasets, including microarray data and even early‐stage LUAD patients. It remained an independent prognostic factor after adjusting for clinical and pathologic factors. In addition, combining scGPS with tumor stage further enhanced prognostic accuracy compared to using stage alone. The scGPS signature offers individualized prognosis estimations, showing significant potential for practical application in clinical settings.
Cortisol Circadian Rhythm and Sarcopenia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Fupeng , Yang Qing , Yang Kai , Sun Jing , Li Yanying , Ban Bo , Wang Yangang , Zhang Mei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have elevated late‐night cortisol levels and a flattened circadian rhythm. Cortisol oversecretion mediates muscle breakdown and reduces muscle strength and mass, thus possibly leading to sarcopenia. This study first investigated the association between cortisol circadian rhythm and sarcopenia in patients with T2DM.MethodsPatients with T2DM and adrenal nodules were screened for eligibility. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle density (SMD) were obtained by analysing computed tomography images at Lumbar 3 level. Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of both myopenia and myosteatosis. Cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels at 8 AM, 4 PM and 0 AM were measured. The cumulative logit models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the association between cortisol circadian rhythm and sarcopenia.ResultsIn total, 128 patients with T2DM and nonfunctional adrenal adenomas were enrolled in this study, of whom 25 were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The mean age was 54.4 years, and 83 (64.8%) patients were male. Patients with sarcopenia showed higher nighttime cortisol levels at 0 AM (Cor 0 AM) (4.91 [4.05, 9.95] vs. 2.44 [1.55, 4.77] μg/dL, p < 0.001) than those without. The Cor 0 AM was negatively correlated with both SMI and SMD (r = −0.318, p < 0.001 and −0.284, p < 0.001, respectively). As the Cor 0 AM tertiles increased, the odds ratios (ORs) for sarcopenia consistently increased (OR = 4.69 [0.93, 23.53], p = 0.061, for the intermediate group and OR = 11.39 [2.41, 53.84], p = 0.002, for the high group). After adjustment for multiple risk factors, the high Cor 0 AM group still showed a significantly higher risk of sarcopenia than the low group (OR = 7.92 [1.45, 43.29], p = 0.017). ROC curve analyses showed that Cor 0 AM had the highest predictive power for sarcopenia, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.760, compared to haemoglobin, age, alanine transaminase and sex (AUC = 0.703, 0.695, 0.679, and 0.633, respectively).ConclusionsThe cortisol circadian rhythm is associated with sarcopenia in patients with T2DM. Patients with higher levels of nighttime cortisol, rather than morning or afternoon cortisol, have a higher risk of sarcopenia. This result offers a new strategy for the further research of sarcopenia.
Comparison of 1‐Year Clinical Course in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Inflammatory Bowel Disease Between Vietnam and Korea: A Multinational, Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dang Luan Minh , Soo Kim Eun , Kim Kyeong Ok , Lee Yoo Jin , Bui Hoang Huu , Nguyen Chuong Dinh , Nguyen Chi Thi , Nguyen Nam Hoai , Nguyen Hien Thi‐Thu , Dinh Nga Thi , Nguyen Lien Thi‐Phuong , Vu Khien Van , Duong Minh Cuong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground/AimsThe differences in the clinical course of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) among Asian countries remain unknown. Thus, we compared the clinical characteristics, treatment, and one‐year outcomes of newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients between Vietnam and Korea.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at seven tertiary hospitals in these countries between January 2020 and January 2021. Data on demographics, diseases, treatment, and outcomes during 1 year after diagnosis were collected.ResultsAmong 225 patients (60 from Vietnam and 165 from Korea), 140 and 85 were diagnosed with UC and CD, respectively. Severe activity (p < 0.01) and extensive colitis (p < 0.01) in UC, along with complicated behavior in CD (p < 0.01), were more frequently observed in Vietnamese patients compared to Korean patients. The proportion of UC patients using corticosteroids (p < 0.01), immunomodulators (p < 0.01), and biologics (p = 0.026) was significantly higher in Vietnam. In contrast, the proportion of UC patients using topical mesalamine (p < 0.01) was significantly higher in Korea. The intervals from CD diagnosis to biologic therapy initiation (p = 0.04), as well as from UC diagnosis to corticosteroid (p < 0.01), immunomodulator (p < 0.01), and biologic therapy (p < 0.01) commencement, were significantly shorter in Vietnamese patients compared to Korean patients. However, the proportions of endoscopic healing and complications at 1‐year follow‐up did not significantly differ between the countries (p > 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough Vietnamese IBD patients had higher baseline clinical and phenotypic severity than their Korean counterparts, no significant differences in short‐term outcomes were observed, potentially reflecting the impact of the higher rate and early biologic usage in Vietnamese patients.
Mechanistic Insights Into the Dissociative Photoionization Pathways of Ethyl Propionate: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Wang Huanhuan , Shan Xiaobin , Liu Fuyi , Wang Zhenya , Sheng Liusi , Sui Ran 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEthyl propionate (C5H10O2, EP) has been extensively studied in the fields of biofuels and atmospheric chemistry. However, its vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization has not been investigated. This study examines the photoionization process of EP using tunable VUV synchrotron radiation, coupled with a reflectron time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer. This method yielded the photoionization mass spectrum of EP and photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra of 10 identified fragment ions (i.e., C4H7O2+., C3H7O2+., C3H6O2+., C3H5O2+., C3H6O+., C3H5O+., C3H4O+., C2H5O+., C2H5+., and C2H4+.). The results, interpreted with the aid of high‐accuracy theoretical calculations, conclude possible formation mechanisms for each fragment ion. In the dissociation pathway of EP's cation, intramolecular hydrogen shifts and bond cleavage are the predominant processes. The C3H7O2+. and C2H4+. reaction channels do not arise from one‐step bond cleavage, but their reaction energy barriers are influenced by product energy, making them comparable to direct reaction channels. The active reaction sites within the molecules are elucidated using Laplacian bond order (LBO). Rate constants are calculated using RRKM theory, which confirms the kinetic factors governing the EP reaction process. This study provides a detailed understanding of the photoionization and dissociation of the main ions of EP within the 9.35–15.50 eV photon energy range.