Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum) Terhadap Gambaran HistopatologiI Hepar Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Wistar Yang Diinduksi Monosodium Glutamat (MSG)
Authors: Vidiyanti Regga Arma 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAKPENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK TOMAT (Lycopersicon esculentum) TERHADAP GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI HEPAR TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT (MSG)Regga Arma VidiyantiMonosodium glutamat (MSG) adalah penambah rasa makanan yang telah banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat di seluruh dunia, tetapi bila dikonsumsi secara berlebih dapat menimbulkan kerusakan berbagai organ, diantaranya adalah hepar dikarenakan didalam hepar terjadi metabolisme obat dan toksikasi. Efek MSG dilaporkan dapat menyebabkan stress oksidatif. Efek toksik terhadap hepar dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya peroksidase lipid, serta perubahan morfologi jaringan hati yang ditandai dengan gangguan arsitektur hati, vakuolisasi, degenerasi, dan atrofi sel hati. Untuk mengantisipasi kerusakan hepar, diperlukan antioksidan. Salah satu sumber antioksidan adalah tomat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum) terhadap gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Wistar yang diinduksi MSG. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 24 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Wistar yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok: (1) kelompok hewan coba yang diberi pakan standar; (2) kelompok hewan coba yang diberi MSG 5 mg/gBB/hari pada hari ke-1 s/d hari ke-14; dan (3) kelompok hewan coba yang diberi ekstrak tomat dosis 40 mg/kgBB dan MSG 5 mg/gBB/hari pada hari ke-1 s/d hari ke-14. Pada hari ke-15, hewan coba dikorbankan dan dilakukan pembuatan preparat hepar dan pemeriksaan gambaran mikroskopis. Uji analisis menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann Whitney.Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna derajat kerusakan hepar pada kelompok hewan coba yang diberi pakan standar (rerata=1) dengan kelompok hewan coba yang diberi MSG (rerata=3,5) (p=0,001). Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan tidak bermakna derajat kerusakan hepar pada kelompok hewan coba yang diberi MSG (rerata=3,5) dengan kelompok hewan coba yang diberi MSG dan ekstrak tomat (rerata=3,125) (p=0,344).Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa MSG meningkatkan secara bermakna derajat kerusakan hepar yang digambarkan melalui gambaran histopatologi hepar dan ekstrak tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum) dapat menurunkan secara tidak bermakna derajat kerusakan hepar yang digambarkan melalui gambaran histopatologi hepar karena tomat memiliki flavonoid, vitamin C, fenol, likopen yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan.Kata kunci : Monosodium glutamat, tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum), gambaran histopatologi hepar. ABSTRACTTHE EFFECT OF TOMATO EXTRACT (Lycopersicon esculentum) IN LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGICAL APPEARANCE ON WHITE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) WISTAR STRAIN MALE INDUCED BY MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT (MSG)Regga Arma Vidiyanti Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food flavor enhancer that has been consumed by people all over the world, but if consumed excessively it can cause damage to various organs, including liver because drug metabolism and toxicity occur in the liver. The effect of MSG is reported to cause oxidative stress. Toxic effects on the liver can result in lipid peroxidase, as well as morphological changes in liver tissue characterized by impaired liver architecture, vacuolization, degeneration, and liver cell atrophy. To anticipate liver damage, antioxidants are needed. One of the source of antioxidants is tomatoes. This study aims to determine the effect of tomato extract (Lycopersicon esculentum) on the liver histopathology on white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain male induced by MSG. The samples used were 24 white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain male which were divided into 3 groups: (1) the experimental group of animals fed standard feed; (2) the experimental groups given MSG 5 mg / gBB / day on day 1 to day 14; and (3) the experimental group given a tomato extract dose of 40 mg / kgBB and MSG 5 mg / gBB / day on day 1 to day 14. On the 15th day, experimental animals were sacrificed and liver preparations were made and microscopic images were examined. The Test analysis of this study using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed that there is significant differences in the degree of liver damage in the experimental group given standard feed (mean = 1) with the experimental group given MSG (mean = 3.5) (p = 0.001). The Mann-Whitney test results showed there is no significant difference in the degree of liver damage in the experimental group given MSG (mean = 3.5) with the experimental group given MSG and tomato extract (mean = 3.125) (p = 0.344). The Conclusions of the results showed that MSG significantly increased the degree of liver damage described by liver histopathology and tomato extract (Lycopersicon esculentum) it can significantly reduce the degree of liver damage described by liver histopathology because tomatoes have flavonoids, vitamin C, phenol, Lycopene as an antioxidant. Keywords: Monosodium glutamate, tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum), liver histopathological appearance.