bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fugitive methane gas migration around Alberta's petroleum wells
Authors: Abboud J. M. , Watson T. L. , Ryan M. C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMethane emission quantification from gas migration (GM) and surface casing vent flow (SCVF) is needed to support strategic methane reduction targets and mitigate explosion and groundwater quality risks. This paper assessed which of 451 990 Alberta oil and gas wells should have been (or will be) tested for SCVF and/or GM according to regulations, and compared the results with the provincial GM testing database. As of 2017, GM testing was required on 3.5%, and reported for 0.75%, of Alberta’s energy wells. Similarly, SCVF testing was required on 58.2%, and reported for 6.2%, of all wells. An estimated 14.5% of all wells were legally abandoned before GM and SCVF testing regulations existed. All of the remaining wells will require SCVF testing prior to legal abandonment, and an estimated 32.9% to 75.5% of the total will not require GM testing before abandonment based on current regulations. The cumulative number of ‘serious’ GM reports that have remained open since submission has continuously been increasing each year, which contradicts the requirement for repair within 90 days, suggesting regulations are not enforced. The GM testing procedure is inadequate for quantitative testing. We conclude that fugitive methane emissions, and in particular gas migration, are not well constrained in Alberta. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depression predicts cognitive and functional decline one month after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (Neuropsychiatric Outcomes After Heart Surgery study)
Authors: Oldham Mark A. , Lin I‐Hsin , Hawkins Keith A. , Li Fang‐Yong , Yuh David D. , Lee Hochang B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrior research on cognitive and functional outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery has largely explored these two domains in isolation. In this study, we assess baseline depression and cognition as risk factors for decline in the Clinical Dementia Rating Sum‐of‐Boxes (CDR‐SB) 1 month post‐CABG surgery, which a combined measure of cognition and function.DesignThe Neuropsychiatric Outcomes After Heart Surgery study is a prospective observational cohort study.SettingA tertiary care, academic center.ParticipantsOf a total study sample of 148 patients undergoing CABG surgery, 124 (83.8%) completed 1‐month follow‐up assessment. Mean age was 66.3, 32 (25.8%) female and 112 (90.3%) White.MeasurementsCognition, function, and depression were assessed on semi‐structured clinical interviews. Cognitive and functional status were defined using CDR‐SB; mild or major depression was defined by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Additionally, neuropsychological battery was performed at baseline.ResultsCDR‐SB decline occurred in 18 (14.5%) subjects. Older age, depression, baseline CDR‐SB, and postoperative delirium were associated with 1‐month decline on univariate analysis. Older age (OR 1.1 [1.0–1.2]) and depression (OR 6.2 [1.1–35.0]) remained significant on multivariate regression. In separate models, baseline performance on visual Wechsler memory scale (delayed), Hopkins verbal learning test (immediate and delayed), controlled oral word fluency test, and Trails B predicted CDR‐SB decline.ConclusionRoughly one in seven patients experienced CDR‐SB decline 1 month after CABG surgery. Also, preoperative depression deserves recognition for being a predictor of CDR‐SB decline one month post‐CABG.
Boards' relevant experience and international strategy: A recipe for success or a case of too many cooks?
Authors: Fernandez Whitney Douglas , Sundaramurthy Chamu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryBoard scholarship has generally taken the perspective that when it comes to board expertise, more is better. This study, in contrast, explores contingencies that may stretch board experience beyond the limits of its usefulness. We integrate insights from extant research in board leadership and international strategy to identify and test internal and external contextual factors that can limit the effectiveness of boards' international experience. Exploring this in the context of cross‐border M&As, we find evidence that the positive effects of boards' international experience are attenuated when the CEO lacks such knowledge, and when the institutional distance between the home and target countries is high. Overall, our findings suggest the need to exercise caution in viewing board expertise as a “panacea” of board effectiveness.Managerial SummaryBoards are generally viewed as experts that CEOs can look to for advice when formulating corporate strategy. Accordingly, the predominant view has been that the more relevant expertise on the board, the better the strategic advice they can offer. The results of our study, however, suggest that is not always the case. As it pertains to cross‐border M&As, in order to get the maximum benefit from boards' international experience, CEOs must have enough international experience of their own, and the institutional environment of the target firm's country must not be too dissimilar from the acquiring firm's home country. Otherwise, it is possible that the boards' international experience will be stretched beyond its strategic usefulness.
Carbazole‐based colorimetric and fluorescent probe for Cu2+ and its utility in bio‐imaging and real water samples
Authors: Xu Peipei , Liu Xiaonan , Liu Li , Zhu Weiju , Li Cun , Fang Min 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA new carbazole functionalized Schiff base CBM was synthesized and characterized. CBM can selectively recognize Cu2+ via UV–vis and fluorescence signal among common biologically relevant metal ions. When Cu2+ was added to CBM, there was a significant enhancement at the maximum absorption wavelength of 393 nm and with a distinct blue shift. The maximum emission peak was significantly attenuated by a factor of about 15 times at 535 nm and the blue shift of emission wavelength was observed. When other metal ions were added, there was no remarkable change at the maximum absorption and emission peak. Under the illumination of 365 nm ultraviolet lamp, the color of the CBM solution changed from light blue to dark blue after the addition of Cu2+. The combination mechanism of CBM with Cu2+ was nicely explored by density functional theory studies. The probe CBM has good cell permeability, fluorescence electron microscopy experiments show that CBM can be used as a fluorescent probe to detect the presence or absence of Cu2+ in Hela cells. Furthermore, the probe CBM can also be used for the detection of copper ions in actual water samples.
Fidelity of peripheral blood for monitoring genomics and tumor immune‐microenvironment in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Lee Sung‐Eun , Wang Feng , Trujillo‐Ocampo Abel , Ruiz‐Vasquez Wilfredo , Cho Hyun‐Woo , Takahashi Koichi , Molldrem Jeffrey J. , Futreal Andrew , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Im Jin S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate whether the peripheral blood (PB) can serve as a surrogate immune‐microenvironment to bone marrow for genetic and immune monitoring in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We compared the composition of T cell subsets and somatic mutation burden in 36 pairs of PB and matching bone marrow aspirate (BMA) using multi‐parameter flow cytometry and NGS‐based targeted sequencing analysis, respectively. Our immune‐subset and NGS‐based mutation analysis of BMA showed significant concordance with those of PB in MDS. Therefore, PB can provide easily accessible tumor immune‐microenvironment for monitoring in the immune and genetic landscapes for MDS patients.
Hybrid Three‐Dimensional–Printed Ear Tissue Scaffold With Autologous Cartilage Mitigates Soft Tissue Complications
Authors: Chang Brian , Cornett Ashley , Nourmohammadi Zahra , Law Jadan , Weld Blaine , Crotts Sarah J. , Hollister Scott J. , Lombaert Isabelle M. A. , Zopf David A. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo analyze the use of highly translatable three‐dimensional (3D)–printed auricular scaffolds with and without novel cartilage tissue inserts in a rodent model.Study DesignPreclinical rodent animal model.MethodsThis prospective study assessed a single‐stage 3D‐printed auricular bioscaffold with or without porcine cartilage tissue inserts in an athymic rodent model. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine computed tomography images of a human auricle were segmented to create an external anatomic envelope filled with orthogonally interconnected spherical pores. Scaffolds with and without tissue inset sites were 3D printed by laser sintering bioresorbable polycaprolactone, then implanted subcutaneously in five rats for each group.ResultsTen athymic rats were studied to a goal of 24 weeks postoperatively. Precise anatomic similarity and scaffold integrity were maintained in both scaffold conditions throughout experimentation with grossly visible tissue ingrowth and angiogenesis upon explantation. Cartilage‐seeded scaffolds had relatively lower rates of nonsurgical site complications compared to unseeded scaffolds with relatively increased surgical site ulceration, though neither met statistical significance. Histology revealed robust soft tissue infiltration and vascularization in both seeded and unseeded scaffolds, and demonstrated impressive maintenance of viable cartilage in cartilage‐seeded scaffolds. Radiology confirmed soft tissue infiltration in all scaffolds, and biomechanical modeling suggested amelioration of stress in scaffolds implanted with cartilage.ConclusionsA hybrid approach incorporating cartilage insets into 3D‐printed bioscaffolds suggests enhanced clinical and histological outcomes. These data demonstrate the potential to integrate point‐of‐care tissue engineering techniques into 3D printing to generate alternatives to current reconstructive surgery techniques and avoid the demands of traditional tissue engineering.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:1008–1015, 2021
Gymnaster Koraiensis Extract Alleviated Metabolic Syndrome Symptoms and Stimulated UCP1‐Independent Energy Consumption via AMPK Activation in White Adipose Tissue
Authors: Jung Da Seul , Son Yang‐Ju , Shin Ji Min , Won Hyo Jun , Le Tam Thi , Jung Sang Hoon , Lee Chang‐Ho , Nho Chu Won 
Published: October 2020

ScopeMetabolic syndrome and obesity are rising worldwide concerns that are accompanied by adverse health consequences. Here, it is hypothesized that the ethanol extract from Gymnaster koraiensis (GK), an edible Korean plant known for its anti‐cancer and hepatoprotective properties, could attenuate metabolic syndrome‐related symptoms in high‐fat dietary‐induced obese (DIO) mice.Methods and ResultsAdministration of 100 mg kg−1 GK extract to DIO mice effectively reduces body and white adipose tissue (WAT) weight. It also reduces cardiovascular disease risk and improves insulin resistance by lowering the fasting blood glucose levels and mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, supplementation with GK causes elevated energy expenditure in WAT by increasing the mitochondrial oxidative capacity and lipid catabolism through upregulated adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. Orlistat is used as a positive control drug due to its widespread use in previous studies. It is found that GK extract causes weight loss, similar to Orlistat, and it additionally shows unique functions, such as upregulation of energy consumption in WAT.ConclusionGK extract treatment prominently reduces obesity and its associated metabolic complications, such as hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. Hence, It can be used as a promising multi‐target functional food that can improve metabolic syndrome‐related symptoms.
Design of wide stopband lowpass filter using transformed radial stub based on substrate integrated suspended line technology
Authors: Zhang Huan , Ma Kaixue , Fu Haipeng , Yan Ningning 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA novel planar elliptic function lowpass filter (LPF) based on substrate integrated suspended line technology is developed and investigated. Transformed radial stub, stepped‐impedance resonators, and open stubs are cascaded to obtain sharp roll‐off and wide stopband. The proposed LPF produces six transmission zeros in the stopband, and the mechanism of the transmission zeros is studied. Both the simulation and measurement are conducted to verify the performance of the proposed filter, and good agreement between the simulated and measured results is observed. The filter shows attractive characteristics such as low insertion loss<0.6 dB, high return loss of 20 dB, wide stopband from 3.85 to 24 GHz with −20 dB attenuation level and a small area of 0.20 λg × 0.14 λg, where λg is the waveguide length at the cutoff frequency.
Efficiently improving solid tumor therapy through shrinking the extracellular matrix and promoting drug transport in tumor tissue via simple and known functional materials
Authors: Kong Fei , Tian Dawei , Zhou Jin , Yue Danyang , Bai Yuying , Yu Zhaojiang , Duan Jiayi , Wang Guixue , Pan Jun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn effective chemotherapy through promoting drug transport in solid tumor is our concern here to avoid surgery and its side effects to our bodies. A drug delivery system, TXT‐MNT‐hydrogel, is constructed using temperature sensitive hydrogel nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (HP‐β‐CD) to co‐deliver mannitol (MNT) and taxotere (TXT). TXT‐MNT‐hydrogel realizes weight inhibition in mice subcutaneous breast tumor for more 94% and 58% than TXT and a clinical used liposomes paclitaxel (Lipusu), and for more 91.4% and 85% than TXT‐MNT and TXT‐hydrogel as well. The mechanism is disclosed as (1) controlled taxotere and mannitol release from hydrogel nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin; (2) MNT shrinks the extracellular matrix of tumor tissue, and enhances the transport and bioavailability of drug in vivo for up to 2.7‐fold versus no MNT in tumor surface, and from none to 0.5–2.5‐fold versus the tumor surface of no MNT in the middle of tumor tissue in 12 hours, which results severer apoptosis in interior tumor cells than all the counterparts. This study certifies in vivo that the simple and published materials of MNT, TXT, HP‐β‐CD, and hydrogel in combination functionally augment solid tumor therapy, which provides a reference to construct more efficient drug delivery systems.
Magnetic resonance elastography for estimating in vivo stiffness of the abdominal aorta using cardiac‐gated spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging: a feasibility study
Authors: Dong Huiming , Jin Ning , Kannengiesser Stephan , Raterman Brian , White Richard D. , Kolipaka Arunark 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionMagnetic resonance elastography (MRE)‐derived aortic stiffness is a potential biomarker for multiple cardiovascular diseases. Currently, gradient‐recalled echo (GRE) MRE is a widely accepted technique to estimate aortic stiffness. However, multi‐slice GRE MRE requires multiple breath‐holds (BHs), which can be challenging for patients who cannot consistently hold their breath. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a multi‐slice spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging (SE‐EPI) MRE sequence for quantifying in vivo aortic stiffness using a free‐breathing (FB) protocol and a single‐BH protocol.MethodOn Scanner 1, 25 healthy subjects participated in the validation of FB SE‐EPI against FB GRE. On Scanner 2, another 15 healthy subjects were recruited to compare FB SE‐EPI with single‐BH SE‐EPI. Among all volunteers, five participants were studied on both scanners to investigate the inter‐scanner reproducibility of FB SE‐EPI aortic MRE. Bland‐Altman analysis, Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC) and coefficient of variation (COV) were evaluated. The phase‐difference signal‐to‐noise ratios (PD SNR) were compared.ResultsAortic MRE using FB SE‐EPI and FB GRE yielded similar stiffnesses (paired t‐test, P = 0.19), with LCCC = 0.97. The FB SE‐EPI measurements were reproducible (intra‐scanner LCCC = 0.96) and highly repeatable (LCCC = 0.99). The FB SE‐EPI MRE was also reproducible across different scanners (inter‐scanner LCCC = 0.96). Single‐BH SE‐EPI scans yielded similar stiffness to FB SE‐EPI scans (LCCC = 0.99) and demonstrated a low COV of 2.67% across five repeated measurements.ConclusionMulti‐slice SE‐EPI aortic MRE using an FB protocol or a single‐BH protocol is reproducible and repeatable with advantage over multi‐slice FB GRE in reducing acquisition time. Additionally, FB SE‐EPI MRE provides a potential alternative to BH scans for patients who have challenges in holding their breath.
Immunochromatographic assay for the detection of kwakhurin and its application for the identification of Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (Airy Shaw & Suvat.) Niyomdham
Authors: Phaisan Suppalak , Yusakul Gorawit , Nuntawong Poomraphie , Sakamoto Seiichi , Putalun Waraporn , Morimoto Satoshi , Tanaka Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe plant Pueraria candollei var. mirifica (Airy Shaw & Suvat.) Niyomdham (PM), known by its common Thai name as white Kwao Krua, is sometimes misidentified because it presents similar botanical characteristics to those of Butea superba (red Kwao Krua). The phytochemicals in PM are phytoestrogens in the class of isoflavonoids, but Butea superba contains flavonoids that exhibit androgenic and antiestrogen effects.ObjectivesThis research aims to develop a simple analytical method for identification and to differentiate PM from red Kwao Krua and other Pueraria species.MethodsA gold nanoparticle‐based immunochromatographic assay (ICA) was developed for the detection of kwakhurin (Kwa), a unique compound found in PM. The parameters, including sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and specificity, were validated. All samples were analyzed using ICA and high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detector (HPLC‐UV). The results of the two methods were compared for consistency checking.ResultsThe cutoff limit of Kwa detection was 160 ng/mL, which was lower than in the HPLC‐UV method. The repeatability and reproducibility of the ICA preparation and assembly showed high precision. The cross‐reactivity to related isoflavonoids was less than 0.32%, which implied high specificity of the ICA for Kwa. Moreover, false‐positive and false‐negative results from other plant extracts were not observed.ConclusionThe developed ICA is applicable for distinguishing PM from red Kwao Krua and other Pueraria species. This simple analytical method can be applied for the identification of raw PM materials in the industrial and agricultural sectors.
Combining High‐Tech Glass Innovations with Advanced Laser Technologies
Authors: Brueckner Julia , Gaab Andreas , Gajendran Prakash 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs glass wafer products become more specialized and die sizes get smaller, the demand for high‐speed singulation of glass wafers is increasing. Corning Laser Technologies utilizes the advantages of precise laser dicing to process optimized glass types with adapted CTE values, high transmission, and specific refractive indices to enable existing and emerging applications.
New Trends in Laser Beam Welding
Authors: Moglia Francesca , Raspa Antonio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLaser beam welding (LBW) is a perfect candidate for accessing Industry 4.0. Many advances are being made in the technology coming from the laser manufacturers and the system integrating companies with the commitment of the photonics community, and one of the applications driving them is automotive and in particular e‐mobility. The European Commission's programme is a suitable platform for stimulating the access of laser technology to the world of digitalization.
Vertex‐dependent filtering of retarded uncertain state‐multiplicative noisy systems
Authors: Gershon E. , Shaked U. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe problem of robust H∞ estimation of stochastic, state‐delayed, uncertain, linear, discrete‐time systems is solved by applying a vertex dependent Lyapunov function. In this problem, a cost function is defined, which is the expected value of the standard H∞ performance index with respect to the uncertain parameters. The optimal estimator is obtained by solving a simple set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) for either the case where the filter matrices are constant or for the case where these matrices are gain scheduled. The solutions to the corresponding minimum error variance estimation problems are also obtained for the nominal and the uncertain cases, where an additional set of conditions is introduced that guarantees the minimization of the estimation error variance. Two examples are given. The first is a numerical example that demonstrates the advantage of the new design method. The second is an example of a practical nature that is taken from the field of guidance control and estimation.
Protocol‐based extended Kalman filtering with quantization effects: The Round‐Robin case
Authors: Liu Shuai , Wang Zidong , Hu Jun , Wei Guoliang 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis article investigates the extended Kalman filtering problem for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems with quantization effects and Round‐Robin (RR) communication protocols. The uniform quantization is considered and the resulting quantization error is characterized as an additive white noise sequence obeying the uniform distribution over certain intervals. For the sake of reducing communication traffic of the network as well as alleviating data collisions, the RR mechanism is introduced to schedule the data transmission from the sensors to the filter. By combining the periodic property of the RR protocol and the zero‐order holder strategy, the input signal of the filter is modeled by a sequence of delayed quantized measurements. The main purpose of this article is to design an extended Kalman filter for the stochastic nonlinear systems, in the simultaneous presence of quantization errors, stochastic nonlinearities, and stochastic noises, such that an optimized upper bound for the filtering error covariance is derived. By solving two coupled Riccati‐like difference equations, the filter gain matrix is explicitly formulated. An RR protocol‐based recursive filtering algorithm is developed for the online implementation. Furthermore, a sufficient condition is established to ensure the uniform boundedness of the filtering error in the mean‐square sense. Finally, a simulation example is given to demonstrate the practical validity of the designed filter algorithm.
Event‐triggered adaptive finite‐time prescribed performance tracking control for uncertain nonlinear systems
Authors: Liu Cungen , Liu Xiaoping , Wang Huanqing , Gao Chuang , Zhou Yucheng , Lu Shouyin 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis article addresses the problem of adaptive finite‐time tracking control for unknown nonlinear systems based on event‐triggered and prescribed performance control. For the first time, a new adjustable finite‐time performance function is developed, whose parameters are adjusted online with the change of tracking errors so that it converges faster. Besides, a novel event‐triggered control method is introduced to switch smoothly between the fixed and relative threshold strategies. Finally, an adaptive finite‐time tracking controller is constructed, which ensures the boundness of all the signals in the closed‐loop system and elimination of the Zeno behavior. Simultaneously, the output tracking error falls in a fixed region at pre‐defined finite time.