bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Aging Solvents on Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Silica Xerogels Derived from Steel Slag
Authors: Guzel Kaya Gulcihan , Deveci Huseyin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSilica xerogels were synthesized from steel slag by sol‐gel method with ambient pressure drying. Effect of aging solvents (methanol, ethanol, n‐propanol and isopropanol) on properties of silica xerogels was investigated. Formation of amorphous structure and silica network of silica xerogels was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses revealed highly porous structure silica xerogel aged in isopropanol. Specific surface area and pore volume of silica xerogels increased in the order: n‐propanol < ethanol < methanol < isopropanol. Specific surface area of silica xerogel aged in isopropanol was 481 m2 g−1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) presented that highest thermal stability of silica xerogel was obtained in the presence of methanol. Lowest thermal conductivity and bulk density were specified with isopropanol as 0.046 g cm−3 and 0.036 W m−1 K−1.
One‐Pot Synthetic Approach for Magnetically Separable Graphene Nanocomposite for Dye Degradation
Authors: Pethsangave Dattatray A. , Khose Rahul V. , Wadekar Pravin H. , Kulal Dnyaneshwar K. , Some Surajit 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe have developed a facile and efficient one‐pot synthesis of nanocomposites of magnetic separable Graphene Polyaniline‐Ferrite (G@PANI‐Fe3O4) and Graphene Polypyrrole‐Ferrite (G@PPy‐Fe3O4) for the use of photocatalytic dye degradation of pollutants. This is the first attempt to synthesize PANI‐Fe3O4 and PPy‐Fe3O4 on graphene surface by a simple hydrothermal step, where PANI and PPy constructed nanocomposites with graphene and ferrite nanoparticles. The nitrogen‐containing functional groups of PANI and PPy have provided more active sites on functionalized G@PANI‐Fe3O4 and G@PPy‐Fe3O4 nanocomposites for enhanced dye degradation capacity. The photocatalytic activity of as‐prepared nanocomposites was investigated by the degradation of direct red 23. The effective degradation of direct red 23 up to 95.44% and 94.98% was observed by using the dose of 1 g/L G@PANI‐Fe3O4 and G@PPy‐Fe3O4 nanocomposite respectively, at pH 4 and contact time within 10 min only. The degradation capacity of G@PANI‐Fe3O4 and G@PPy‐Fe3O4 nanocomposite was superior in comparison with reported material and could be recycled at least 10 cycles. As‐prepared nanocomposites were well characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results demonstrated that the magnetically separable G@PANI‐Fe3O4 and G@PPy‐Fe3O4 nanocomposites are acting as an effective catalyst for dye degradation, which has effective recyclability property. The efficient dye degradation capacity of as‐prepared nanomaterials could provide an innovative platform for different applications including the control of water pollution.
Amorphous Porous Chromium‐Zirconium Bimetallic Phosphate: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Liquid Phase Oxidation of Hydrocarbons by Different Oxygen Sources
Authors: Sun Lei , Kong Deyu , Wang Fang , Luo Wei , Chen Yanqiu , Zhouzhou  , Liu Junhua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCr−Zr bimetallic phosphates catalysts were prepared by sol‐gel method and used in the oxidation of cyclohexane, ethylbenzene and cyclohexene, respectively. The catalysts were characterized by a variety of analytical techniques. The results show that chromium ions enter the framework of mesoporous zirconium phosphate, Cr−Zr phosphates catalysts with molar ratio of Cr: Zr=2 (CrZr2P) or Cr: Zr=1 (CrZrP) still retain the mesoporous structure and form composite metal phosphates. Two active centers‐ redox (Cr6+) and acidic sites in these bimetallic phosphates play a synergistic catalytic role in the oxidation of C−H bond. Catalytic activity is closely related to the amount of acid or acid strength, the C=O product selectivity depends on the amount and high dispersion of Cr6+ species. Acidic sites and redox sites are affected by different molar ratios of chromium/ zirconium. Among the Cr−Zr phosphates catalysts, CrZr2P and CrZrP catalysts show excellent activity, just because the formation of mesoporous structure leads to the uniform dispersion of acidic and redox sites.
NiCo2S4 Nanowire‐Decorated Flexible Carbon Foam for Sensitive Glucose Sensors
Authors: He Yi , Wu Tingting , Tao Shihan , Liu Lijuan , Wu Jun , Guo Qiaohui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBinary nickel cobalt sulfide (NiCo2S4) nanostructures have attracted much attention in electrochemistry fields due to its highly catalytic activity and low cost. Herein, NiCo2S4 nanowire arrays grown on three‐dimensional carbon foam (NiCo2S4/3DCF) is presented for nonenzymatic glucose sensor. Porous NiCo2S4/3DCF with self‐supporting structure was synthesized via a self‐designed two‐step hydrothermal process, and was fabricated as flexible sensor directly without any modify treatments. The linear range of this sensor is 0.005–13.07 mM (R2 = 0.999) with detection limit of 0.5 μM (S/N=3). In addition, the as‐proposed sensor also displays other outstanding advantages, including simple of preparation, low cost, perfect reproducibility and good selectivity. Such attracting sensing properties may be due to the high electrocatalytic activity of NiCo2S4 and good electrical conductivity of 3DCF frameworks. Therefore, NiCo2S4/3DCF may show great promise in glucose sensor applications.
Boosting the Heat Dissipation Performance of Graphene/Polyimide Flexible Carbon Film via Enhanced Through‐Plane Conductivity of 3D Hybridized Structure
Authors: Li Yanhua , Zhu Yanfei , Jiang Gaopeng , Cano Zachary P. , Yang Jun , Wang Jin , Liu Jilei , Chen Xiaohua , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe development of materials with efficient heat dissipation capability has become essential for next‐generation integrated electronics and flexible smart devices. Here, a 3D hybridized carbon film with graphene nanowrinkles and microhinge structures by a simple solution dip‐coating technique using graphene oxide (GO) on polyimide (PI) skeletons, followed by high‐temperature annealing, is constructed. Such a design provides this graphitized GO/PI (g‐GO/PI) film with superflexibility and ultrahigh thermal conductivity in the through‐plane (150 ± 7 W m‐1 K‐1) and in‐plane (1428 ± 64 W m‐1 K‐1) directions. Its superior thermal management capability compared with aluminum foil is also revealed by proving its benefit as a thermal interface material. More importantly, by coupling the hypermetallic thermal conductivity in two directions, a novel type of carbon film origami heat sink is proposed and demonstrated, outperforming copper foil in terms of heat extraction and heat transfer for high‐power devices. The hypermetallic heat dissipation performance of g‐GO/PI carbon film not only shows its promising application as an emerging thermal management material, but also provides a facile and feasible route for the design of next‐generation heat dissipation components for high‐power flexible smart devices.
A systematic review of studies on use case points and expert‐based estimation of software development effort
Authors: Mahmood Yasir , Kama Nazri , Azmi Azri 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent years, due to significant evolution in adopting new technologies and development methodologies in the field of software engineering, the developers and researchers are striving to optimize the accuracy of software effort estimation (SEE). The overestimation and underestimation both are the key challenges for software progress; hence, there is a continuous need for an accurate SEE. This paper highlights a systematic review of studies associated with the best practices of use case point (UCP) and expert judgment–based software development effort estimation techniques. The primary aim and contribution of this paper are to support the researchers through an extensive review to ease to other researcher's search for effort estimation studies. We have performed state‐of‐the‐art review from five viewpoints of reference: (a) review of studies concerning UCPs and expert judgment–based effort estimation, (b) research contribution and future recommendation in different novelties, (c) usage of the dataset, (d) availability of accuracy metrics, and (e) findings of the studies. We have performed a systematic review of studies which are published in the period of 2000 to 2019. We have selected a total of 34 primary studies of UCP and expert judgment–based estimation techniques to report the research questions stated in this review.
Nano‐ and Microfabrication for Engineering Native‐Like Muscle Tissues
Authors: Gao Lei , Ma Liang , Yin Xiao‐hong , Luo Yi‐chen , Yang Hua‐yong , Zhang Bin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMuscle tissues are characterized by highly organized 3D structures consisting of aligned myocytes and nonmyocytes. Several nano‐ and microfabrication technologies are used to engineer native‐like muscle tissues for muscle regeneration, the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and in vitro disease modeling. In this paper, traditional tissue engineering methods and novel nano‐/microfabrication technologies for constructing muscle tissues are reviewed. Focus is given on the effects of nano‐/microfabricated architectures on the alignment of cells. In addition, issues of vascularization and cell–cell interaction in fabricating muscle tissues are discussed. Finally, common challenges of fabricating three types of muscle tissues and specific requirements for each type are reviewed, and perspectives are given for future studies.
Explaining a reverse gender gap in advanced physics and computer science course‐taking: An exploratory case study comparing Hebrew‐speaking and Arabic‐speaking high schools in Israel
Authors: Pinson Halleli , Feniger Yariv , Barak Yael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the past three decades in high‐income countries, female students have outperformed male students in most indicators of educational attainment. However, the underrepresentation of girls and women in science courses and careers, especially in physics, computer sciences, and engineering, remains persistent. What is often neglected by the vast existing literature is the role that schools, as social institutions, play in maintaining or eliminating such gender gaps. This explorative case study research compares two high schools in Israel: one Hebrew‐speaking state school that serves mostly middleclass students and exhibits a typical gender gap in physics and computer science; the other, an Arabic‐speaking state school located in a Bedouin town that serves mostly students from a lower socioeconomic background. In the Arabic‐speaking school over 50% of the students in the advanced physics and computer science classes are females. The study aims to explain this seemingly counterintuitive gender pattern with respect to participation in physics and computer science. A comparison of school policies regarding sorting and choice reveals that the two schools employ very different policies that might explain the different patterns of participation. The Hebrew‐speaking school prioritizes self‐fulfillment and “free‐choice,” while in the Arabic‐speaking school, staff are much more active in sorting and assigning students to different curricular programs. The qualitative analysis suggests that in the case of the Arabic‐speaking school the intersection between traditional and collectivist society and neoliberal pressures in the form of raising achievement benchmarks contributes to the reversal of the gender gap in physics and computer science courses.
Brn3/POU‐IV‐type POU homeobox genes—Paradigmatic regulators of neuronal identity across phylogeny
Authors: Leyva‐Díaz Eduardo , Masoudi Neda , Serrano‐Saiz Esther , Glenwinkel Lori , Hobert Oliver 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOne approach to understand the construction of complex systems is to investigate whether there are simple design principles that are commonly used in building such a system. In the context of nervous system development, one may ask whether the generation of its highly diverse sets of constituents, that is, distinct neuronal cell types, relies on genetic mechanisms that share specific common features. Specifically, are there common patterns in the function of regulatory genes across different neuron types and are those regulatory mechanisms not only used in different parts of one nervous system, but are they conserved across animal phylogeny? We address these questions here by focusing on one specific, highly conserved and well‐studied regulatory factor, the POU homeodomain transcription factor UNC‐86. Work over the last 30 years has revealed a common and paradigmatic theme of unc‐86 function throughout most of the neuron types in which Caenorhabditis elegans unc‐86 is expressed. Apart from its role in preventing lineage reiterations during development, UNC‐86 operates in combination with distinct partner proteins to initiate and maintain terminal differentiation programs, by coregulating a vast array of functionally distinct identity determinants of specific neuron types. Mouse orthologs of unc‐86, the Brn3 genes, have been shown to fulfill a similar function in initiating and maintaining neuronal identity in specific parts of the mouse brain and similar functions appear to be carried out by the sole Drosophila ortholog, Acj6. The terminal selector function of UNC‐86 in many different neuron types provides a paradigm for neuronal identity regulation across phylogeny.This article is categorized under:
Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms
Invertebrate Organogenesis > Worms
Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: Regional Development
FOXP transcription factors in vertebrate brain development, function, and disorders
Authors: Co Marissa , Anderson Ashley G. , Konopka Genevieve 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFOXP transcription factors are an evolutionarily ancient protein subfamily coordinating the development of several organ systems in the vertebrate body. Association of their genes with neurodevelopmental disorders has sparked particular interest in their expression patterns and functions in the brain. Here, FOXP1, FOXP2, and FOXP4 are expressed in distinct cell type‐specific spatiotemporal patterns in multiple regions, including the cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum. These varied sites and timepoints of expression have complicated efforts to link FOXP1 and FOXP2 mutations to their respective developmental disorders, the former affecting global neural functions and the latter specifically affecting speech and language. However, the use of animal models, particularly those with brain region‐ and cell type‐specific manipulations, has greatly advanced our understanding of how FOXP expression patterns could underlie disorder‐related phenotypes. While many questions remain regarding FOXP expression and function in the brain, studies to date have illuminated the roles of these transcription factors in vertebrate brain development and have greatly informed our understanding of human development and disorders.This article is categorized under:
Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: General Principles
Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Gene Networks and Genomics
Nervous System Development > Vertebrates: Regional Development
Multi-dimensional Subjective Wellbeing and Lone Parenthood Following Divorce in Flanders (Northern Belgium)
Authors: Jenkinson Sam , Matsuo Hideko , Matthys Koenraad 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study contributes to the literature on the relationship between subjective wellbeing (SWB), divorce, gender, and lone parenthood. We use the cross sectional Divorce in Flanders Survey (2009), comparing divorced, single parents to married parents, and also to each other across genders. Our results confirm the lower levels of SWB reported by divorced, single parents. This is true across multiple dimensions of SWB, including measures of life satisfaction, emotional wellbeing and vitality. Our results highlight the lower wellbeing reported by divorced, single parents in relation to the residential status of children below the age of 18. This is the case for both mothers and fathers, but fathers with non-residential children below 18 reported lower life satisfaction, whereas for the equivalent mothers, emotional wellbeing was diminished. We find little evidence of gender differences between lone mothers and fathers who report residential children. This suggests that the “intensive motherhood” hypothesis, which predicts that parenting may affect the SWB of mothers more negatively than fathers, may operate differently in the case of single vs. married parents.
On Increasing Divorce Risks
Authors: Wagner Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhile intensive and ongoing research on the determinants of marital stability has resulted in the identification of a large number of risk factors, the question of why there has been a nearly continuous upward trend in divorce rates in many developed countries has yet to be answered. This upward trend continued over a period of more than one hundred years, and ended – at least in some countries – in the late twentieth century or early twenty-first century.The aim of this paper is to review the theoretical concepts and the empirical findings of studies that have investigated historical trends in divorce rates. Some authors have argued that the quality of marriages has declined, while others have attributed this trend to a weakening of the barriers to divorce, or to increased opportunities to meet alternative partners. Theories of social change generally emphasize the role of either modernization or normative change in marital dissolution patterns. Given the evidence that the cohort and the period effects on the divorce rate cannot be explained by socioeconomic variables, it seems likely that increasing divorce rates are better explained by cultural than by socioeconomic changes.
The Negative Female Educational Gradient of Union Dissolution: Towards an Explanation in Six European Countries
Authors: van Damme Maike 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHow can we explain that, nowadays, lower educated women are more likely to separate than higher educated women are? I formulate hypotheses to explain this based on Levinger’s (J Marriage Family 27(1):19–28, 1965; J Soc Issues 32(1):21–47, 1976; Handbook of interpersonal commitment and relationship stability. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999) social exchange theory on ‘attractions’ and ‘barriers’ and assess whether there are mediating effects of affectional rewards, economic rewards, symbolic rewards, affectional barriers, material barriers, and symbolic costs. I analyse the Generations and Gender Survey (GGS) [2004–2013] for two waves for Bulgaria, Russia, Georgia, France, Austria, and Czech Republic. With this selection of countries, I have a good context variation according to social and economic costs of union dissolution. Using the khb-approach – which is a mediation analysis for binary dependent variables – I examine the probability that women broke up between two consecutive waves and explain the influence of education on union dissolution. Instead of being mainly explained by ‘attractions’, ‘barriers’ were more important explanatory variables of the negative educational gradient of union dissolution in the six countries I studied (lower educated women had less to lose symbolically and economically). Next to relationship satisfaction as the only explanatory ‘attraction’, I found suppressor effects of ‘attractions’.
The More the Merrier? The Effect of Children on Divorce in a Pronatalist Society
Authors: Kaplan Amit , Endeweld Miri , Herbst-Debby Anat 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhile most studies on the effect of children on divorce focus on countries with fertility levels below or near replacement level, we explore whether the stabilizing effect of children on marriage holds in the OECD country with the highest fertility rate – Israel. This high rate allowed us to examine the non-linear effects of having many children on divorce. We also examined whether the pattern of this relationship depends on the couple’s ethnic and economic position. Based on a dataset which merged administrative data from the tax authorities with the National Insurance Institute database, we took a random sample of 25% of all women who married in 2003 and followed them until 2015. Findings for the total sample revealed a positive, albeit non-linear, effect of number of children on divorce, while young children at home decreased divorce risks. However, the effect of number of children on the likelihood to divorce was dependent upon income and ethnic group. Children stabilized marriage among Israeli-Palestinians and destabilized it among Israeli-Jews, though with decreasing effects from the first to the third child. Findings are discussed with regard to the importance of examining relations between children and divorce across groups in the society.
Does Divorce Penalize Elderly Fathers in Receiving Help from Their Children? Evidence from Russia
Authors: Maes Margot , Thielemans Gert , Tretyakova Ekaterina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn times of increased pressure on welfare states, filial caregiving to elderly parents is becoming an increasingly important addition to state organised elderly care. However, certain life course events may cause the relationship between parents and their children to decline, impeding upward intergenerational support. We investigated the effect of divorce on the probability of receiving support from adult children, looking specifically at differences between mothers and fathers. Using Russian data from the 2016 wave of the “comprehensive monitoring of living conditions of the population”-survey, we perform logistic regressions to examine the probability of elderly parents receiving four types of intergenerational support. We found that divorced parents are less likely to receive care than either married or widowed parents. Furthermore, we found evidence that the negative association between divorce and care is stronger for fathers than for mothers. The relative lack of filial caregiving for divorced fathers is likely among the reasons why an increasing group of single elderly men are among those with the highest poverty risks in Russia.
Infection and atherosclerosis: TLR-dependent pathways
Authors: Li Bowei , Xia Yuanpeng , Hu Bo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAtherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) is a chronic process, with a progressive course over many years, but it can cause acute clinical events, including acute coronary syndromes (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. In addition to a series of typical risk factors for atherosclerosis, like hyperlipidemia, hypertension, smoking and obesity, emerging evidence suggests that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, suggesting that chronic infection plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most characteristic members of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which play an important role in innate immune mechanism. TLRs play different roles in different stages of infection of atherosclerosis-related pathogens such asChlamydia pneumoniae(C. pneumoniae),periodontal pathogens includingPorphyromonas gingivalis(P. gingivalis), Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) andhuman immunodeficiency virus(HIV). Overall, activation of TLR2 and 4 seems to have a profound impact on infection-related atherosclerosis. This article reviews the role of TLRs in the process of atherosclerosis afterC. pneumoniaeand other infections and the current status of treatment, with a view to providing a new direction and potential therapeutic targets for the study of ASVD.