bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Validity of Tri Hita Karana (THK) Oriented Blended Learning Tools to Improve Student’s Critical Thinking Ability
Authors: Dewi N P S R , Adnyana P B , Citrawathi D M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aims of this study was to develop a valid Tri Hita Karana-oriented blended learning tools on anatomy and human physiology to improve students’ critical thinking in Biology. Learning tools in this study were developed using a 4D development model consisting of the following stages. 1) Define, 2) Desing, 3) Development stage, and 4) Diseminate. At present the research is at the stage of developing and validating learning tools. The validity test performed are content validity and construct validity. The content validity was carried out by finding the relevance of THK-oriented learning tools with the theory of blended learning and learning materials that were used as guidelines. The construct validity test was carried out by looking at the consistency of each component of THK-oriented learning tools with the blended learning learning characteristics obtained from the results of the validator’s assessment. Based on the validator’s assessment, the validity of the learning device in this study is classified as a very valid category. Furthermore, a limited trial is conducted to see the practicality and effectiveness of learning tools.
Texture and microstructure evolution of 321 austenitic stainless steel ultra-thin strip during asynchronous rolling
Authors: Chen Jingqi , Yang Liuqing , Hu Xianlei , Liu Xianghua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper studied the evolution of texture and microstructure of 321 austenitic stainless steel ultra-thin strip during asynchronous rolling. Experimental results show that during the process of asynchronous rolling, the martensitic structure mainly forms such kinds of texture, as {111} <110> Z texture, {111} <112> Y texture, {001} <110> R-CubeND texture, {112} <110> Cu texture, and {110} <110> Goss texture. With the increase of deformation, the strengths of {111} <112> Y texture, {001} <110> R-CubeND texture, {112} <110> Cu texture, and {110} <110> Goss texture increase first and then decrease. In the early stage of rolling, dislocation slip is the main plastic deformation, followed by deformation twins in the high strain region, which prevents further dislocation slip. When the rolling pressure rate is greater than 50%, the deformation induces rapid growth in the content of the martensite, with the continued nucleation and growth of the deformation twins.
Effect of sputtering power on the microstructure and photelectric properties of Al doped ZnO thin films
Authors: Li Shuli , Meng Yu , Zhang Bianlian , Cheng Zhen , Li Yuanyuan , Zhao Xiaoxia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Investigation of the doped ZnO films deposited on different substrates plays a significant role in improving the optical properties of optical components. The Si wafer and glass were used as the substrates for comparison.The effect of sputtering power on the surface morphology, microstructure, optical and electrical properties of A1 doped ZnO (AZO for short) films were studied. The results show that the AZO films prepared on different substrates with various power all have a good c-axis preferred orientation; the surface particle size of the films increase gradually with the increasing sputtering power; the resistivity decreases first and increases when the the sputtering power reached 100 W. As for the films sputtered on glass, the result show that the visible light range has a high transmittance ( >80%), the absorption side wavelength is 350-400 nm.
Application of S-doped TiO2 photocatalysts in degradation of BTEX from synthetic surfaces
Authors: Yuan Ronghui , Wu Tinghua , Hu Tianyi , Shi Li , Shi Jing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
S-doped anatase TiO2 (average grain size: 20 nm) was synthesized by a hydrothermal treatment, and the crystalline phase and morphology of the as-fabricated materials were characterized with XRD, TEM, and EDX. We investigated the catalytic reactions in a simulated environment (60 L environmental chambers) in tandem with TD-GC-MS determinations. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of S-doped TiO2 was evaluated by monitoring the degradation of BTEX from synthetic surfaces, and maximum of 85% degradation rate exhibited for the S-doped TiO2 under visible light after irradiation for 1 h.
Effect of cryogenic-tempering treatment on the performance of high ni gear steel
Authors: Chen Xuan , Song Mingming , Liu Tao , Pu Ye , Ye Bin , Zhang Yunping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Effects of cryogenic-tempering hybrid heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 18Cr2Ni4W gear steel after carburizing-quenching were investigated. The performances of the fully carburized and non-carburized samples were compared and analysed. The results show that the effect of cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 18Cr2Ni4W steel without carburization is negligible. The carburizing layer with high carbon content results in a large amount of residual austenite after the direct quenching to ambient temperature. After cryogenic-tempering, the microstructure of surface layer is notably homogenized, and further transformation of retained austenite into martensite is promoted. The residual stress can be relaxed and the microstructure is stabilized after tempering at 240°C, along with an increase of the hardness of surface layer.
The research status and summary of adsorption and retention mechanism of polymer
Authors: Liu Yang , Wu Xingcai , Zhai Xuezhi , Shi Gang , Ye Yinzhu , Li Shichao , Xiao Peiwen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The polymer flooding technology has been established a relatively scientific and complete technical theory system, after decades of development. Theoretical and field applications have shown that the key to profile control and flooding is adsorption and retention of polymer in reservoirs. When the polymer flows through the porous medium of the reservoir, it will be adsorbed and trapped in the pores of the cores, resulting in serious decrease in the permeability of water in the porous medium of the reservoir, while only a slight decrease in the permeability of oil, increasing the mobility of crude oil, effectively increasing the injected water swept volume, and thereby improving the comprehensive economic benefit of water-flooding development reservoir. In order to further understand the adsorption and retention mechanism of polymer, guide the oilfield production, and achieve the purpose of low injection of polymer and the high production of oil, in this paper, we conducted a lot of research on the adsorption and retention mechanism of polymer at home and abroad. The comprehensive analysis shows that electrostatic and mechanical trapping are the main causes of adsorption and retention, followed by polymer concentration, degree of hydrolysis, rock wettability and formation mineralized water composition.
Preparation and photoelectrochemical properties of porous silicon/carbon dots composites
Authors: Kang Xiang , Wu Lin , Xu Jinhui , Liu Dong , Song Quangui , Hu Ya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Porous silicon/carbon dots composites were prepared by electrolyzing and deposition with two graphite rods working as electrodes. The porous silicon was prepared by metal assisted chemical etching of silicon powder and then added into the ultra-pure water electrolyte. The structure and morphology of porous silicon, carbon dots and porous silicon/carbon dots composites were characterized by SEM, XRD, UV-vis and PL et al. At the same time, we have tested the electrochemical performance of porous silicon / carbon dots composites electrode. The results show that the fluorescence property of the composites is better than porous silicon and carbon dots. After the deposition of carbon dots, the photoluminescence intensity of porous silicon increased around 1.4 times and the decrease of luminescence efficiency of the complex is only around 6.8%. And it shows excellent broadband light reflectivity from 200nm to 700nm, consistently below 20%.
Conductive WO3-x@CNT networks for efficient Li-S batteries
Authors: Yu Bo , Chen Yuanfu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Oxygen-vacancy-containing WO3-x nanodots homogeneously decorated on conductive CNT networks (WO3-x@CNT) have been synthesized by a simple and industrial spray-drying approach followed by annealing. Benefiting from the enhanced conductivity of CNT networks and the effective absorption for polysulfides by ultra-small polar WO3-x nanodots, the designed WO3-x@CNT/S cathode demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance, with an excellent rate capability (1000.1 and 518.2 mAh g −1 at 0.2 and 3 C, respectively), a high reversible specific capacity of 754.1 mAh g−1 at 1 C after 50 cycles.
Mechanical behavior of composite ship structures with open-hole
Authors: Li Xiaowen , Zhu Zhaoyi , Li Yan , Chen Qinglin , Zhang Xiaoying 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Composite materials, as advanced structural and functional materials, are increasingly used in naval and civilian fields. There are different structures with open-hole in the ship hull. The open-hole damages the continuity of the composite structure and has a direct impact on the strength and stability of the composite structure. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the mechanical behavior of composite ship structures with open-hole to ensure the safety of the ship. Based on the numerical method, the mechanical behavior of the typical composite ship structures with open-hole was investigated, and the critical buckling load, buckling mode, post-buckling behavior, ultimate bearing capacity and stress concentration of the composite structures with open-hole were analyzed. The Hashin failure criterion and complete unloading failure model were used to analyze the nonlinear buckling behavior of different composite structures with open-hole. The results show that the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite structures with typical open-holes such as rectangle, rhombus, ellipse and circle is more than 2 times of its critical buckling load, this proves that the composite structures with open-hole can have a certain bearing capacity after initial buckling. Compared with the same scale structure without open-hole, the critical buckling load and ultimate bearing capacity are reduced by about 10% and 50%, respectively. The influence of various open-holes and layer thickness on the mechanical behavior of composite ship structures is estimated through the parametric study, which provides an effective reference for the design optimization and performance evaluation of composite ships.
Effect of non-metallic inclusions on fatigue life of high-speed railway bearings
Authors: Yang Ma Can , Zhang Gang , Wu Wang Yong , Qiang Zhang Zhen , Ming Ren Zhong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the process of smelting and manufacturing of high-speed bearing steel, non-metallic inclusions are always inevitable, which destroy the continuity of the metal matrix and decrease the fatigue life of high-speed railway bearings seriously. Under the condition of obtaining the position and the number of the maximum contact load of the high-speed railway bearings, according to the Hertz contact theory, the maximum contact stress σmax between the roller and the raceway of the high-speed railway bearings and the half-width b of the contact surface is calculated, and then the stress distribution equation of the contact surface is obtained. According to the basic theory of fatigue life, the local stress-strain method was used to analyse the influence of the distance, depth and quantity between the inclusions contained in the raceway of the outer ring on the contact surface stress and the fatigue life of the high-speed railway bearings. Quantitative relationship between the influence of non-metallic inclusions and the contact fatigue life of high-speed railway bearings was determined, which provided scientific bases in the smelting process of high-speed railway bearing steel.
Extraction of typical driving cycles in plateau based on improved short-stroke method
Authors: Shi Feng , Cui Shichao , Bu Han , Chen Bingshuo , He Yulong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Vehicle driving cycles is a speed time curve used to describe the characteristics of vehicle driving in a specific traffic environment. It can represent the law of speed change in the tested area. The commonly used extraction methods of driving cycles are short stroke method and Markov chain method. However, in the mountainous areas of the plateau, the poor road environment makes the driving cycles very complex. The driving cycles of automobile in plateau area has the characteristics of small proportion of idling condition, and the result of using conventional short stroke method to construct driving cycles is not ideal. In view of this, this paper proposes an improved short stroke method, which uses three parameters of speed, torque and time to divide the kinematic segments. The collected test data is divided into one kinematic segment every 60s. If the value of the 60s torque in the kinematic segment is large (greater than 85% of the total test data), it is divided into the minimum value in the 55-65s interval. Compare the actual driving cycles with the extracted driving cycles, and it is found that the driving cycles constructed by the improved short distance method are consistent with the driving characteristics of vehicles in the plateau area.
Investigation on the thermal problems of wet clutches for the tracked DCT vehicle during the launching process
Authors: Yang Zhe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Tracked vehicles usually travel on unstructured roads, and the transmission system bears heavy impact load. As one of the most vulnerable parts, wet clutches slip to transfer the engine power. To investigate the thermal condition of these wearing components, a dynamic system is built firstly to describe the launching process of the tracked vehicle. After that, a thermal resistance model is established for the gearbox cooling system based on the lumped parameter method. Combing these two models, a coupled model is proposed for the tracked DCT vehicle. From the simulation results, under the condition of launching with one clutch, the temperature rise is 42°C; while, when two clutches involved, the temperature is 21°C and 14°C respectively, which means the mitigation of the thermal problem. In addition, compared with the condition of launching with one clutch, the shock load decreased from 2250 N·m to 1745 N·m and the launching time is reduced by 1.0s by launching with two clutches.
Control strategy and simulation verification of hardware-in-the-loop system of automotive steering device
Authors: Zhen Yajing , Wang Zhaojian , Liu Jiawei , Guan Tian , Zhang Yaoming , Wang Mengen , Song Xiaoli , Zhang Dongsheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As one of the key technologies of intelligent assisted driving simulation, hardware-in-the-loop control system has gradually become the focus of attention. Driverless has gradually become a hot topic. This paper designs a hardware-in-the-loop system of the steering device, that is, the steering device and the software system form a closed loop. This paper studies two control strategies including manual driving and driverless driving. This hardware-in-the-loop system is designed by the upper computer and controlled by the lower computer. The communication between the steering wheel and the upper computer is realized through the serial communication protocol. This hardware-in-the-loop system can simulate two modes of manual driving and driverless driving, and a visual interface is made on the display screen, which can effectively analyse the steering in real time. It provides a basic platform for the research of automobile steering and driverless driving.
Design of license plate recognition system based on capsule network
Authors: Guan Tian , Zhen Yajing , Song Xiaoli , Liu Jiawei , Wang Mengen , Wang Zhaojian , Zhang Yaoming , Zhang Dongsheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
With the development of automobile industry, the license plate, as the unique identifier of the vehicle, plays an important role in vehicle management. License plate recognition technology is mainly realized by image processing technology. It mainly includes image preprocessing, license plate positioning, character segmentation and other processes. In the actual process of license plate recognition, it is often impossible to accurately recognize the license plate due to the positional relationship such as angle. Therefore, this paper proposes a license plate recognition program based on the capsule network. First, through image preprocessing, license plate positioning, and character segmentation, and then use capsule neural network for training and simulation in order to achieve the object of accurate character recognition.
Experiments on the damping characteristics of a high-speed train hydraulic damper under low-temperature conditions
Authors: Wang Wenlin , Kong Xin , Wu Yongming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aiming at studying the low-temperature damping characteristics of hydraulic damper, experimental research in the temperature range of -50°C∼+30°C was carried out to test the dynamic damping characteristics of a Chinese CRH high-speed train hydraulic yaw damper. Research results show that damping characteristics of the hydraulic damper will vary significantly at low temperature conditions when compared with that at normal temperatures, in general cases, the Force-displacement (F-s) curves are distorted and the damping forces are in abnormal levels; at very low temperatures, when the excitation speed is increasing, more severe empty strokes will occur during the damper compressions, so the absorption works of the damper will decrease significantly in these cases; in addition, dynamic stiffness of the damper will increase with the decreasing of temperatures, but in the compression stroke with large excitation speed, the dynamic stiffness at very low temperature conditions will drop sharply due to empty strokes. The results obtained in this study are significant for reference to improve the environment adaptability of high-speed rail hydraulic dampers and dynamics of the train operating under extreme cold weather conditions.
Application of hybrid MCGDM model combined with VIKOR method in power grid equipment optimization
Authors: Yang Yatang , Sun Gang , Liu Yansong , Chen Fumin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The evaluation index of national grid equipment procurement source value system has multi-dimensional, multilateral and multi-attribute characteristics which can cause problems, in order to solve these problems and find out optimize grid equipment suppliers, this paper put forward a hybrid multi-criteria group decision-making (HMCGDM) model combined with VIKOR algorithm. Firstly, constructing the index stereo network and introducing the intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN) into the model in order to avoid the hard division of the decision judgment matrix. Secondly, using the ANP algorithm to calculate the joint-edge relationship value of each index at individual layers, and constructing the weighted super matrix to calculate the subjective weight value of the bottom indexes. Then, calculating the objective weight value of the bottom evaluation index by using Entropy method, and combining it with the subjective weight value to modify the overall weight value. Finally, using the VIKOR algorithm to rank the alternative programmes, and making comparison with the model formed through the TOPSIS method. The results show that the VIKOR algorithm can calculate the weight values of the bottom indexes in the complex relational network objectively and effectively, and having a good applicability for the equipment optimization.
Effect of motor characteristics on uncertainty of electric flow diverter with large pipe diameter
Authors: Li Haiyang , Li Xuejing , Chen Yuyang , Sun Lijun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Standard flow facility is a platform for performance test of flowmeters. Flow diverter is an essential component of liquid flow facility based on flying start-and-stop method, and is also a key equipment deciding the uncertainty of flow facility. In order to improve the accuracy of large flow facilities, the effects of acceleration performance and liquid shock force on the uncertainty of the flow diverter with large flow rate is analyzed. The actuation structure using servo motor and reducer to drive the flow diverter is put forward. The effect of step motor and servo motor on the uncertainty of the flow diverter is verified by real-flow test. The results of experiment indicate that servo motor driven flow diverter has faster transfer acceleration and more stable transfer process. The test results of transition time difference method show that the uncertainty of servo motor driven flow diverter is less than 0.003%.
Al/Ti-film-resistor based thermal heater with Zig-Zag configuration for MEMS application
Authors: Wang Xinghua , Jiang Zhijie , Qin Jiangyi , Liu Hongwei , Fan Guangteng , Hu Canbin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a micro-heater based on Al/Ti-film resistors for MEMS application. The film heater, designed with unique Zig-Zag configuration, has a high heating efficiency as generated Joule heat could be confined in Zig-Zag area. Consequently, much higher maximum temperature could be achieved under the lower applied voltage, compared with conventional strategy. Based on MEMS technique, thin film based micro-heater was fabricated, and experimental characterization was carried out in room temperature. Since the micro-heaters are all in the form of thin film-resistors, the structure design is simple and fabrication process compatibility is good, which is particularly suitable in the fields of MEMS integration and actuation application.
Simulation analysis of shot peening on the surface of high-load connecting rod
Authors: Bai Long , Chen Jianjun , Liang Guoxiang , Tian Tian , Xie Lijing , Li Quanping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper is aimed at the high load connecting rod of the engine, which bears huge combustion pressure and inertia during the working process. Using process simulation technology to establish limited shot blast Meta-model, the law of influence of shot peening time, shot speed, shot angle, shot diameter and other parameters on the surface integrity of the connecting rod was obtained. The shot peening test of the connecting rod verified the correctness of the simulation and reached the project technical requirements.