bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic nipple‐sparing mastectomy: a scoping review of oncologic safety and predictive factors for in‐breast recurrence
Authors: Spillane Sebastian , Baker Caroline , Lippey Jocelyn 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBreast cancer is a common disease, with mastectomy remaining necessary in a proportion of patients. Nipple‐sparing mastectomy with reconstruction improves cosmesis compared with traditional nipple‐sacrificing techniques. However, concerns regarding increased rates of local recurrence in the retained skinfold and nipple‐areolar complex exist. The aim of this scoping review is to assess the incidence of in‐breast recurrence after therapeutic nipple‐sparing mastectomy and analyze predictors of recurrence. A systematic search was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE(R) ALL and Cochrane Library databases, with keywords related to ‘nipple‐sparing mastectomy’ and ‘local recurrence’. Studies that reported rates of in‐breast recurrence for patients who underwent therapeutic nipple‐sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction were included. 1465 search results were identified, with 17 studies meeting eligibility criteria. The included studies encompassed 7280 patients, with median follow‐up time ranging from 28 to 156 months. Nipple‐areolar complex, local, regional and locoregional recurrence ranged from 0% to 4.8%, 0% to 10.0%, 0.4% to 3.9% and 1.7% to 24.1%, respectively. A positive linear correlation between recurrence rates and follow‐up duration of the included studies was observed. Predictive factors included tumour to nipple distance less than 2 cm, disease stage, molecular subtype and lymphovascular invasion. Nipple‐sparing mastectomy is oncologically safe with careful patient selection. Long‐term follow‐up of patients who undergo nipple‐sparing mastectomy may be necessary due to the high rate of late recurrence observed in the included studies.
Autoimmune Hepatitis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Nationwide Perspective
Authors: Kilani Yassine , Alsakarneh Saqr , Madi Mahmoud Y. , Mosquera Daniel Alejandro Gonzalez , Ferreira Mariana Nunes , Jaber Fouad , Helzberg John , Duong Nikki , Syn Wing‐Kin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundVitamin D deficiency is linked to worse outcomes in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). However, data in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remain limited.AimsWe aimed to assess the impact of vitamin D deficiency on the outcomes of individuals with AIH.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX research network to identify patients with AIH. Patients were matched using propensity score matching and stratified to sufficient vitamin D levels (e.g., 25 (OH) D3 ≥ 30 ng/mL), vitamin D insufficiency (25 (OH) D3: 20–29.9 ng/mL) and vitamin D deficiency (e.g., 25 (OH) D3 < 20 ng/mL). The primary outcome was the all‐cause mortality among adult patients with AIH. Secondary outcomes included decompensated liver cirrhosis, acute hepatic failure, liver transplantation (LT), all‐cause hospitalizations and all‐cause critical care admissions.ResultsA total of 1288 AIH patients with vitamin D deficiency were identified and propensity matched with 1288 patients with normal vitamin D levels. Patients with vitamin D deficiency had significantly increased odds for all‐cause mortality compared to those with normal levels (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.2, 95%CI: 2.3–4.48). Patients with vitamin D deficiency were at increased odds of all‐cause hospitalizations (aOR = 2.37, 95%CI: 1.97–2.84), critical care unit admissions (aOR = 2.8, 95%CI: 2.21–3.71), decompensated liver cirrhosis (aOR = 2.74, 95%CI: 2.13–3.54), acute hepatic failure (aOR = 3.11, 95%CI: 2.09–4.62) and LT (aOR = 3.47, 95%CI: 1.71–7.04), as compared to those with normal vitamin D levels.ConclusionThis cohort study showed significantly increased odds for all‐cause mortality in AIH patients with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency in patients with AIH was associated with increased likelihood of hospitalisation, decompensated liver cirrhosis, acute liver failure and LT.
Male and female genital structures of Bangasternus planifrons (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhinocyllini) from Turkey: A scanning electron microscope study
Authors: Yücel Cenk , Bal Neslihan , Coral Didem , Suludere Zekiye 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBangasternus planifrons (Brullé, 1832) specimens collected from Ankara‐Bala were studied. The paper presents a scanning electron microscopic examination of ultrastructural features of aedeagus and spermatheca of Bangasternus planifrons (Brullé, 1832) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Rhinocyllini) from Türkiye for the first time. The fact that Bangasternus is a genus with three species in Türkiye makes the study more important. Accordingly, detailed investigation of aedeagus and spermatheca is very important to obtain new diagnostic characteristics in Bangasternus. The parts which include systematic characters such as spermatheca, genital spicule, sternite eight and coxite figures were drawn in detail and these characters were discussed on species, genera and tribus levels. While significant differences were observed among the species in genital spicula, coxite, stylus and spermateca, a difference that would reveal a genus discrimination character by evaluating these structures could not be obtained according to the available findings. Photos in stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope are also given in the text.
β‐Blockers and risk of neuropsychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Eddin Lujain Ez , Preyra Rebecca , Ahmadi Fatemeh , Jafari Atefeh , Omrani Mohammad Ali , Muanda Flory T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the association between β‐blocker use and neuropsychiatric adverse events, specifically focusing on short‐term outcomes.MethodsA comprehensive literature search identified studies reporting neuropsychiatric outcomes in patients using β‐blockers, including randomized controlled trials and observational studies. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for outcomes such as dizziness, insomnia, nightmares, drowsiness and delirium.ResultsOur analysis revealed that β‐blocker use was significantly associated with an increased risk of dizziness (RR 1.72, 95% CI [1.39–2.14]; I2 = 1%, 14 studies) compared to placebo. Lipophilic β‐blockers, especially propranolol, showed an even greater risk of dizziness (RR 3.13, 95% CI [1.44–6.84]; I2 = 0%, three studies). Propranolol was also associated with increased insomnia risk compared to placebo (RR 1.13, 95% CI [1.00–1.28]; I2 = 0%, five studies). Our data did not show statistically significant increases in the reports of nightmares and somnolence. Other adverse effects, including drowsiness, sleep disturbances, hallucinations and delirium, were noted.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a significant association between β‐blocker use and an increased risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events, particularly insomnia and dizziness with higher risks associated with lipophilic β‐blocker use. Given the ambiguity surrounding dizziness and its classification as a neuropsychiatric effect, our findings are exploratory, and we cannot exclude a potential cardiovascular origin for dizziness. Most studies (75%) were published before the CONSORT statement in 1996, indicating potential reporting limitations and a lack of recent research. Additionally, 60% of studies had a high risk of bias, underscoring the need for more rigorous and contemporary investigations into the neuropsychiatric implications of β‐blocker use.
Development and validation of a deep learning model for morphological assessment of myeloproliferative neoplasms using clinical data and digital pathology
Authors: Wang Rong , Shi Zhongxun , Zhang Yuan , Wei Liangmin , Duan Minghui , Xiao Min , Wang Jin , Chen Suning , Wang Qian , Huang Jianyao , Hu Xiaomei , Mei Jinhong , He Jieyu , Chen Feng , Fan Lei , Yang Guanyu , Shen Wenyi , Wei Yongyue , Li Jianyong 
Published: December 2024

SummaryThe subjectivity of morphological assessment and the overlapping pathological features of different subtypes of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) make accurate diagnosis challenging. To improve the pathological assessment of MPNs, we developed a diagnosis model (fusion model) based on the combination of bone marrow whole‐slide images (deep learning [DL] model) and clinical parameters (clinical model). Thousand and fifty‐one MPN and non‐MPN patients were divided into the training, internal testing and one internal and two external validation cohorts (the combined validation cohort). In the combined validation cohort, fusion model achieved higher areas under curve (AUCs) than clinical or DL model or both for MPNs and subtype identification. Compared with haematopathologists with different experience, clinical model achieved AUC which was comparable to seniors and higher than juniors (p = 0.0208) for polycythaemia vera. The AUCs of fusion model were comparable to seniors and higher than juniors for essential thrombocytosis (p = 0.0141), prefibrotic primary myelofibrosis (p = 0.0085) and overt primary myelofibrosis (p = 0.0330) identification. In conclusion, the performances of our proposed models are equivalent to senior haematopathologists and better than juniors, providing a new perspective on the utilization of DL algorithms in MPN morphological assessment.
Imaging flow cytometry as a novel approach for the diagnosis of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Carré Julie , Demont Yohann , Mouton Christine , Vayne Caroline , Guéry Eve‐Anne , Voyer Annelise , Garçon Loïc , Le Guyader Maïlys , Demagny Julien 
Published: December 2024

SummaryHeparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an adverse reaction characterized by anti‐PF4‐heparin antibody generation and hypercoagulability. Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) provides a detailed morphological analysis of platelets, which change upon activation. We evaluated IFC‐derived morphometric features to detect platelet activation and developed a functional assay for HIT diagnosis. We analysed blood samples from 42 patients with suspected HIT and extracted platelet size, shape and texture features using IFC. The morphological features were compared with CD62P expression, light transmission aggregometry (LTA) and a serotonin release assay (SRA) in terms of their ability to predict a HIT diagnosis. Five IFC‐derived morphological features (area, circularity, contrast, diameter and major axis) significantly distinguished resting from activated platelets. The major axis feature performed best for HIT diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 89.3% and a specificity of 92.9% versus functional assays (LTA/SRA); this diagnostic performance was similar to that of CD62P expression on the same platelet donors. The area and diameter had similar specificity (92.9%) and a slightly lower sensitivity (85.7%). The morphological features associated with platelet activation might be effective markers for the diagnosis of HIT, matching platelet CD62P expression assay performance. The high‐throughput IFC exploration of platelet activation offers new perspectives in label‐free analysis and time‐saving.
Attributes and influencing factors of hope levels in breast cancer patients: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Xiong Meidi , Yao Hongmei , Cheng Yuping , Zhang Qingyuan , Luo Ying , Guo Yalun , Shi Hongmei , Bai Jinbing , Zhang Chunhua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to identify specific sub‐types of hope levels in breast cancer (BC) patients and explore the influencing factors.MethodsBetween August and December 2023, 528 BC patients took part in this study. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was employed using the Herth Hope Index, Distress Thermometer, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, BC survivors' self‐efficacy scale and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Breast to identify clusters of hope levels.ResultsThree potential categories of hope levels were identified: Low Hope Level—Harmonious‐Calm Type (33.71%); Moderate Hope Level–Isolation Fear Type (37.12%); and High Hope Level—Optimistic Coping Type (29.17%). The study established that social support, quality of life, psychological distress, self‐efficacy, occupation, income, education and type of surgery are factors influencing hope levels.ConclusionHope levels within BC patients exhibit identifiable heterogeneity. By discerning the features associated with hope levels, the focus extends beyond patients' occupations, income, education and surgical procedures. It also underscores the importance of enhancing social support, quality of life and self‐efficacy while mitigating psychological distress. This targeted approach aims to formulate interventions specifically designed to effectively elevate hope levels in BC patients.
State responsiveness, collective efficacy and threat perception: Catalyst and complacency effects in opposition to crime across eight countries
Authors: Moon Chanki , Travaglino Giovanni A. , Mirisola Alberto , Burgmer Pascal , D'Ottone Silvana , Giammusso Isabella , Imada Hirotaka , Nawata Kengo , Ozeki Miki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCollective action can be a crucial tool for enabling individuals to combat crime in their communities. In this research, we investigated individuals' intentions to mobilize against organized crime, a particularly impactful form of crime characterized by its exercises of power over territories and communities. We focused on individuals' views and perceptions of state authorities, examining how these views may be linked to intentions for collective mobilization. Using a large dataset with participants from eight countries (NTotal = 2088), we tested two distinct and opposing indirect paths through which perceived state responsiveness may be associated with collective mobilization intentions against organized crime, namely increased collective community efficacy (a Catalyst Indirect Effect) and diminished perceived threat from criminal groups (a Complacency Indirect Effects). Results showed that state responsiveness was associated with stronger collective action intentions through increased collective community efficacy. There was also some evidence of reduced collective action intentions through diminished perceived threat. These findings highlight the complex role of state responsiveness in predicting people's intentions to mobilize against collective problems in their communities. Implications of the findings, limitations and future directions are discussed.
New findings regarding predictors of Poor Corporal Integrity in Penile Implant Recipients: A Multicenter International Invesigation
Authors: Chang Chrystal , Barham David W. , Dalimov Zafardjan , Swerdloff Daniel , Sadeghi‐Nejad Hossein , Andrianne Robert , Sempels Maxime , Hsieh Tung‐Chin , Hatzichristodoulou Georgios , Hammad Muhammed , Miller Jake , Osmonov Daniar , Lentz Aaron , Perito Paul , Suarez‐Sarmiento Alfredo , Hotaling James , Gross Kelli , Jones James M , van Renterghem Koenraad , Park Sung Hun , Warner Jonathan N. , Ziegelmann Matthew , Modgil Vaibhav , Jones Adam , Pearce Ian , Burnett Arthur L. , Gross Martin S. , Yafi Faysal A. , Simhan Jay 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the pre‐ and intraoperative variables that impact the integrity of the corporal bodies over time after inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement, as predictors of intraoperative corporal perforation and delayed cylinder complications have not been well characterized.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed a 16‐centre multi‐institutional database of IPP surgeries performed by experienced implanters from 2016 to 2021. Poor corporal integrity (PCI) was defined as intraoperative (iPCI) corporal complications or postoperative (pPCI) corporal complications. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of PCI, iPCI, and pPCI. Primary outcomes included intra‐ and postoperative corporal complications.ResultsWe identified 5153 patients for analysis from 5406 IPP cases, finding 152 (2.95%) cases of PCI. On multivariable analysis, predictors of PCI included revision IPP surgery (odds ratio [OR] 8.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.15–12.92; P < 0.001), sequential dilatation (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.32–3.39; P = 0.002), coronary artery disease (CAD)/peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.18–2.77; P = 0.006), older age (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.04; P = 0.013), and corporal scarring (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.0–2.5; P = 0.049). Predictors of iPCI included revision IPP surgery (OR 7.34, 95% CI 4.18–12.88; P < 0.001), corporal scarring (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.64–4.69; P < 0.001), radiation therapy (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.0–5.04; P = 0.049), and older age (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.0–1.05; P = 0.025). Revision IPP surgery (OR 7.92, 95% CI 3.69–17.01; P < 0.001), sequential dilatation (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.61–7.19; P = 0.001), CAD/PVD (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.56–5.72; P = 0.001), and history of priapism (OR 3.59, 95% CI 1.08–11.99; P = 0.038) were predictive of pPCI.ConclusionCoronary artery disease/PVD, being of older age, having corporal scarring, undergoing IPP revision surgery and sequential dilatation were predictive risk factors for complications associated with PCI. Identifying patients who are at risk of having PCI may improve patient‐specific counselling, consideration of referral to more experienced implanters, and surgical planning to potentially promote longer‐term device viability.
Chronic stress induces behavioural changes through increased kynurenic acid by downregulation of kynurenine‐3‐monooxygenase with microglial decline
Authors: Hasegawa Masaya , Kunisawa Kazuo , Wulaer Bolati , Kubota Hisayoshi , Kurahashi Hitomi , Sakata Takatoshi , Ando Honomi , Fujigaki Suwako , Fujigaki Hidetsugu , Yamamoto Yasuko , Nagai Taku , Saito Kuniaki , Nabeshima Toshitaka , Mouri Akihiro 
Published: December 2024

Background and PurposeAlterations in tryptophan‐kynurenine (TRP‐KYN) pathway are implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD). α7 nicotinic acetylcholine (α7nACh) receptor regulates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. We have shown that deficiency of kynurenine 3‐monooxygenase (KMO) induces depression‐like behaviour via kynurenic acid (KYNA; α7nACh antagonist). In this study, we investigated the involvement of the TRP‐KYN pathway in stress‐induced behavioural changes and the regulation of the HPA axis.Experimental ApproachMice were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and subjected to behavioural tests. We measured TRP‐KYN metabolites and the expression of their enzymes in the hippocampus. KMO heterozygous mice were used to investigate stress vulnerability. We also evaluated the effect of nicotine (s.c.) on CUMS‐induced behavioural changes and an increase in serum corticosterone (CORT) concentration.Key ResultsCUMS decreased social interaction time but increased immobility time under tail suspension associated with increased serum corticosterone concentration. CUMS increased KYNA levels via KMO suppression with microglial decline in the hippocampus. Kmo+/− mice were vulnerable to stress: they exhibited social impairment and increased serum corticosterone concentration even after short‐term CUMS. Nicotine attenuated CUMS‐induced behavioural changes and increased serum corticosterone concentration by inhibiting the increase in corticotropin‐releasing hormone. Methyllycaconitine (α7nACh antagonist) inhibited the attenuating effect of nicotine.Conclusions and ImplicationsCUMS‐induced behavioural changes and the HPA axis dysregulation could be induced by the increased levels of KYNA via KMO suppression. KYNA plays an important role in the pathophysiology of MDD as an α7nACh antagonist. Therefore, α7nACh receptor is an attractive therapeutic target for MDD.
Inhibition of the upregulated phosphodiesterase 4D isoforms improves SERCA2a function in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Zhu Zhenduo , Guan Qiuyun , Xu Bing , Bahriz Sherif , Shen Ao , West Toni M. , Zhang Yu , Deng Bingqing , Wei Wei , Han Yongsheng , Wang Qingtong , Xiang Yang K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeSarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase (SERCA2a) is impaired in heart failure. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are implicated in the modulation of local cAMP signals and protein kinase A (PKA) activity essential for cardiac function. We characterise PDE isoforms that underlie decreased activities of SERCA2a and reduced cardiac contractile function in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Experimental ApproachWild type mice were fed with either normal chow or a high‐fat diet (HFD). Cardiomyocytes were isolated for excitation–contraction coupling (ECC), fluorescence resonant energy transfer PKA biosensor and proximity ligation assays.Key ResultsThe upregulated PDE4D3 and PDE4D9 isoforms in HFD cardiomyocytes specifically bound to SERCA2a but not ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). The increased association of PDE4D isoforms with SERCA2a in HFD cardiomyocytes led to reduced local PKA activities and phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB) but minimally effected the PKA activities and phosphorylation of RyR2. These changes correlate with slower calcium decay tau in the SR and attenuation of ECC in HFD cardiomyocytes. Selective inhibition of PDE4D3 or PDE4D9 restored PKA activities and phosphorylation of PLB at the SERCA2a complex, recovered calcium decay tau, and increased ECC in HFD cardiomyocytes. Therapies with PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast, PDE4D inhibitor BPN14770 or genetical deletion of PDE4D restored PKA phosphorylation of PLB and cardiac contractile function.Conclusion and ImplicationsThe current study identifies upregulation of specific PDE4D isoforms that selectively inhibit SERCA2a function in HFD‐induced cardiomyopathy, indicating that this remodelling can be targeted to restore cardiac contractility in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Mismatch Repair Proficient Colorectal Adenocarcinoma in Two Patients With Lynch Syndrome
Authors: Khandakar Binny , Lacy Jill , Gibson Joanna A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTScreening for Lynch syndrome (LS) is essential in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) diagnosis. The hallmark of CRC in LS is mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency, a vital biomarkers assessed by microsatellite instability (MSI) analysis and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the MMR proteins in the tumor, that also predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We report two LS patients who developed MMR proficient CRCs. Patient A, with a pathogenic MSH6 germline variant, presented with two MMR discordant CRCs: a rectal MMRd/MSI adenocarcinoma, and a sigmoid MMR proficient (MMRp) and microsatellite stable (MSS) adenocarcinoma, leading to metastasis. While the MMRd/MSI carcinoma was recognized early and showed complete pathologic response after pembrolizumab treatment, the MMRp/MSS adenocarcinoma was underrecognized and poorly responsive to treatment. A second patient, with a pathogenic PMS2 variant, also developed a MMRp CRC. These cases highlight the complex biological pathways in CRC development and the impact of molecular classification on treatment.