bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Factors of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Previously Healthy Young Adults: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Changzhi , Huang Zhe , Hu Yi , Geng Shuang , Tan Weijun , Li Xueying , Yin Wen , Xiao Yang , Tao Zhaowu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Several previously healthy young adults have developed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), and a few of them progressed severe COVID-19. However, the factors are not yet determined.Method: We retrospectively analyzed 123 previously healthy young adults diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 2020 to March 2020 in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan. Patients were classified as having mild or severe COVID-19 based on their respiratory rate, SpO2 and PaO2/FiO2 levels. Patients' symptoms, computer tomography (CT) images, preadmission drugs received and the admission serum biochemical examination were compared between the mild and severe group. Significant variables were enrolled logistic regression model to predict the factors affecting disease outcomes. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to validate the predictive value of predictors.Result: Age; temperature; anorexia; and white blood cell count, neutrophil percentage, platelet count, lymphocyte count, C-reactive protein, aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase, albumin, and fibrinogen values were significantly different between patients with mild and severe COVID-19 (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that lymphopenia (P=0.010) indicated poor clinical outcomes in previously healthy young adults with COVID-19, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.791(95%CI 0.704–0.877)(P<0.001).Conclusion: For previously healthy young adults with COVID-19, lymphopenia on admission can predict poor clinical outcomes.
Treatment of Severe COVID-19 with human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Shu Lei , Niu Changming , Li Ruyou , Huang Tingrong , Wang Yan , Ji Ningfei , Zheng You , Chen Xiaolin , Shi Lei , Wu Mingjing , Deng Kaili , Wei Jing , Wang Xueli , Cao Yang , Yan Jiaxin , feng ganzhu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory disease. No effective therapeutics have yet been proved for treating of severe COVID-19. Objectives To determine whether human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells infusion may be effectiveness and safety in the treatment of severe COVID-19. Methods The severe COVID-19 randomly divided into 2 groups, standard treatment group and standard treatment plus hUC-MSCs infusion group. The incidence of severe patients aggravated to critically illness, 28-day mortality, clinical symptoms improvement, time to clinical symptoms improvement, hematologic indicators including C-reaction protein, lymphocyte number, interleukin 6 and imaging changes were observed and compared between two groups. Measurements and Main Results The incidence of severe patients aggravated to critically illness and 28-day mortality were 0 in hUC-MSCs treatment group, while 4 patients in control group were deteriorated to critical illness and been used invasive ventilation, 3 of them died, and 28-day mortality was 10.34%. In hUC-MSCs treatment group, the time to clinical improvement was shorter, clinical symptoms of weakness and fatigue, shortness of breath, and low oxygen saturation had improved obviously began the third day of stem cells infusion, and reached the significant difference on the day 7, CRP and IL-6 were significantly decreased from day 3 of infusion, the time for lymphocyte count returned to normal range was significant faster, and lung inflammation absorption was significantly shorter from CT imaging. Conclusions Intravenous transplantation of hUC-MSCs is a safe and effective way that can be considered as salvage and priority choice in the treatment of severe COVID-19.
The largest secure corridor of the infra-acetabular screw — a 3-D axial perspective analysis
Authors: Zhao Bei , Zhang Wei , Li Hao , Han Liren , Han Shizhang , Yang Xiaofei , Yan Jun , Mu Weidong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The infra-acetabular screw is placed from the pubis to the ischium and can be used as a special lag screw of the posterior column of the acetabulum. This study was performed to simulate the surgical procedure and try to obtain the ideal insertion point, diameter, length and angle of the screw through the method of axial perspective in Chinese patients. Methods We randomly collected the pelvic computed tomography (CT) scans of 100 adults. DICOM-formatted CT-scan images were imported into Mimics software. The 3D digital model of the right semi-pelvic was established. A virtual cylinder representing the screw was placed from the pubis to the ischium to fix the posterior column. The largest secure diameter and length of the virtual screw were measured. The position of the insertion point and the directions of the screw were also researched. Results The screw insertion safe zone can exhibit an irregular “tear drop” from the reconstructed pelvic model. The mean maximum diameter of screws was 4.03 ± 0.93 mm, and the mean maximum length of screws was 96.05 ± 7.19 mm. The screw insertion corridor with a diameter of at least 3.5 mm was found in 48 of 50 males (96%). We found gender-dependent differences for the mean maximum diameter and the maximum length of the screw. The position between insertion point and eminelntia iliopectinea was statistically significant in different genders. Conclusions The study provides a valuable guideline for the largest secure corridor of infra-acetabular screw. We suggest an individual preoperative 3D reconstruction simulation for the ideal screw placement. Further biomechanical studies are needed to verify the function of the screw.
Analysis of the risk factors of valvular atrial fibrillation treated with radiofrequency ablation during valve replacement
Authors: Liu Xuan , Xiao Fengjuan , She Kai , Wang Jixiang , Xiong Wei , Bai Shanglin , Xu Guo , Wu Xu , Jia Zhen , Jiang Xia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose

To investigate the risk factors of recurrence of atrial fibrillation(AF) after radiofrequency ablation in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis with persistent atrial fibrillation.
Methods

From January 2015 to December 2018, patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation of rheumatic mitral stenosis complicated with persistent atrial fibrillation were collected. The patients were divided into sinus rhythm group(Group SR) and atrial fibrillation recurrence group (Group AR). collecting the data of preoperative echocardiography LV,LA,RA,RV,EF and gender, age, whether to combine diabetes, hypertension, etc. logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for atrial fibrillation recurrence.
Results

The success rate of 1 year after radiofrequency ablation was 76.8%. there was no difference in LV, LA, RV, RA, EF, and gender, age, diabetes, hypertension between the two groups, and there were no independent risk factors for recurrence of AF after radiofrequency ablation.
Conclusion

Rheumatic mitral stenosis with persistent atrial fibrillation has good therapeutic effect in patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation during valve replacement. LV, LA, RV, RA, EF, gender, age, diabetes, hypertension are not independent risk factors for recurrence of atrial fibrillation.
Mobile Applications for COVID-19: A Scoping Review
Authors: Noronha Noella , D'Elia Alessia , Coletta Giulia , Wagner Nicole , Archer Norman , Navarro Tamara , Lokker Cynthia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

The rapid outbreak of Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) originating in Wuhan, China, and the subsequent declaration of a state of “pandemic” on March 11, 2020 has necessitated a widespread global response to manage and control the transmission, spread and impact of COVID-19. Mobile technology has been leveraged in a number of ways to control the spread of COVID-19, including to support knowledge translation. Mobile applications are accessible, acceptable, easily adopted, and have the ability to support social distancing efforts. The following review assesses the mobile applications currently available to address COVID-19 and seeks existing studies in the literature that evaluate such applications.
Methods

3 databases (Embase, Web of Science and PubMed), 2 application stores (GooglePlay and Apple’s App Store) and google search engine were searched from inception until April 05th 2020 using key words and search strings to identify relevant apps and/or literature. Reviews of the obtained results were examined by two reviewers in double-blind nature and assessed for inclusion or exclusion.
Results

36 studies, 72 websites and 312 mobile-based applications were identified through searches. 14 applications met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Additional eHealth tools identified through the search strategy were considered for supplemental analysis (including online dashboards and applications not available through application stores).
Conclusion

This review provides a brief assessment of the goals of applications addressing COVID-19, the types of approaches being used by these applications, and draws conclusions on the needs not being met by such application-based interventions. Innovation and collaboration between government, healthcare organizations and application developers is needed to address the identified gaps and facilitate the successful harnessing of mobile applications in the management of COVID-19.
Equity in Cervical Cancer Screening in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 2016 Nationwide Steps Survey
Authors: Amin Rozhin , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Jahanmehr Nader , Abadi Ali-Reza , Sohrabi Mohammad-Reza 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
One of the most important concerns in every healthcare system is the achievement of equity in health. Studies have shown great socioeconomic and spatial disparity in cervical cancer incidence and mortality. This study aims to investigate equity in cervical cancer screening in Iran.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Non-Communicable Risk Factors Survey in 2016 (STEPs 2016). Data on cervical cancer screening in addition to demographic and socioeconomic factors from 15975 women aged 18 and above were analyzed. Chi-Square test and logistic regression were used to assess the association of demographic and socioeconomic factors with cervical cancer screening. Equity in screening was assessed by concentration index, and GIS analysis was used to show the provincial indices on the map of Iran.
Results
Overall, 41·6% of surveyed women in Iran had undergone cervical cancer screening in their lifetime. Participation rate in cervical cancer screening programs varied between provinces; ranging from 7.6% in Sistan and Baluchestan to 61.2% in Isfahan. Being single, living in rural areas, young age, having no education, and being uninsured were associated with lower participation. Concentration index showed pro-poor inequity for the country and across all provinces, indicating that cervical cancer screening services are less utilised by high income groups. GIS analysis demonstrated spatial disparity across provinces of Iran.
Conclusions
Equity and participation in cervical cancer screening in Iran requires improvement. For this to be achieved, new policies shall have a stronger emphasis on the lowest and the highest socioeconomic population groups, while current strategies have mostly affected the people with middle socioeconomic status.
A five year trend analysis of malaria prevalence in Guba district, Benishangul-Gumuz Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia: A retrospective study
Authors: Alkadir Shemsia , Gelana Tegenu , Gebresilassie Araya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: In Ethiopia, malaria is a serious public health concern and has great impact on socio-economy. The trend analysis of malaria data from health facilities is useful for understanding its transmission dynamics and implementing evidence-based malaria control strategies. The aim of this study was to determine the trends of malaria infection in Guba district, northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken at Mankush Health Centre, northwest Ethiopia. All malaria cases reported from 2014 to 2018 were carefully reviewed from the laboratory record books to determine the trends of malaria morbidity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: In total, 16,964 malaria suspects were diagnosed using microscopy over the last 5 years, of which 8,658 (51.04%) were confirmed positive cases. Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, and mixed infection (both species) accounted for 75.2, 24.5% and 0.28% of the cases, respectively. Males patients were more affected (n=5,028, 58.1%) than female ones (n=3,630, 41.9%). Of the total confirmed cases, 60.4% were adults (≥ 15 years) followed by 22.6% of 5-14 years and 15.9% of under 5 years. High malaria prevalence was observed in spring (September to November) season, while the least was observed in autumn (March to May) with the prevalence of 45.6% and 11.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that malaria is a public health concern in the study area, wherein P. falciparum is the predominant species followed by P. vivax. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to enhance malaria detection skill of laboratory technicians and implement evidence-based malaria control and prevention activities to considerably reduce the burden of malaria in the study area.
Examining the Impact of Inter-provincial Migration on Environmental Health in China
Authors: Yang Yu-Ou , Hou Juan-Juan , Chen Xin-Yu , Yu Shi-Wei , zhang Jiu-Tian , Liu Lan-Cui 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
China has a large volume of inter-provincial migrants, accounting for more than 11% of the total population. The economic benefits of inter-provincial migration have been well studied, whereas the health impacts related to environmental factors are generally ignored.
Methods
In this study, we use 1% national population sampling survey data from 2015 and daily PM2.5 (particles ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) concentration data from 360 cities to analyze the health benefits associated with air pollution due to inter-provincial migration. The exposure-response function was used to estimate the economic value of these health benefits via the adjusted-human-capital and cost-of-illness methods.
Results
Considering a full-exposure scenario, inter-provincial migration resulted in a reduction in the PM2.5 exposure concentration of 3.94 µg/m3 in 2015, corresponding to a reduction of 6114 premature deaths, 233.4 thousand hospitalization cases, and 1.5 million asthma attacks. The corresponding economic value of these health benefits was about 10.44 billion yuan (0.02% of the national GDP in 2015). A protection scenario, assuming that the migrants protected themselves from air pollution, showed very similar results to the full-exposure scenario (PM2.5 exposure reduced by 3.60 µg/m3); hence, personal protection does not reduce significantly the health risks of air pollution.
Conclusions
At the national level, the labor force obtains both economic and health benefits. However, a high number of migrants flow out of the central region of China result in a labor deficiency and social imbalance. Migration to large cities provides economic benefits at the expense of health. Environmental migration becomes an increasingly important motivation for inter-provincial migration, which places new pressure on policy makers to consider social welfare and environmental protection in the provinces.
Association between air cadmium exposure and prostate cancer aggressiveness at diagnosis
Authors: Vijayakumar Vishwaarth , Abern Michael R. , Jagai Jyotsna S. , Kajdacsy-Balla André 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background There is conflicting evidence of a relationship between cadmium exposure and prostate cancer (PC) mortality in the general population. Since most PCs are indolent and clinically inconsequential, low grade and low stage tumors may mask an association between cadmium exposure and PC mortality. Methods We collected patient data from the 2010 – 2014 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER). Aggressiveness at diagnosis was defined as stage categorized as either metastatic or localized and Gleason grade as high or low. The 2011 National Air Toxics Assessment database provided county-level air cadmium concentrations. We assessed the association between ambient exposure to air cadmium and PC aggressiveness at diagnosis in the US. Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariable logistic regression comparing the 80 th to 20 th percentile of cadmium exposure and adjusted for age at diagnosis, sociodemographic status, smoking prevalence and overall air quality at the county-level and were stratified by race and degree of urbanization by Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC). Similar OR and CI were calculated for arsenic and lead since exposure to these metals sometimes coincide with cadmium exposure as well. Results The study cohort consisted of 230,540 cases from 493 counties. Higher air cadmium exposure was associated with an increased likelihood of metastatic PC compared to localized PC (OR 1.02, CI 1.01 – 1.03) and higher Gleason grade at diagnosis (OR 1.01, CI 1.00 – 1.02). The strongest associations were observed in nonmetropolitan areas with urban populations of 20,000 to 250,000 (RUCC2 counties): (OR 1.26, CI 1.14 – 1.39) for metastatic vs. localized PC, and (OR 1.36, CI 1.25 – 1.49) for high vs . low grade cases although these results differed somewhat by race. Compared to arsenic and lead, cadmium tended to show stronger associations with PC aggressiveness. Conclusion The strongest associations between air cadmium exposure and tumor aggressiveness were found among RUCC 2 counties, areas where 40 million Americans reside. Further studies are necessary to identify air cadmium pollution sources in these communities and to rule out additional confounding factors. Air cadmium exposure in the general population may be a more important factor than previously recognized in prostate cancer progression.
CCNI2 knockdown inhibits the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Hu Bingyang , Zhang Wenzhi , Zhang Changsheng , Li Chonghui , Zhang Ning , Pan Ke , Ge Xinlan , Wan Tao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer has been recognized as one of the most serious malignant tumors in the world, and its molecular mechanism is still not fully understood. Cyclin I-like (CCNI2) is a homolog of Cyclin I (CCNI), and at present its function is largely unknown.Methods: In this study, we aimed to explore the role of CCNI2 in the development of pancreatic cancer. The expression levels of CCNI2 in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells were detected by immunohistochemical analysis and qPCR, respectively. Lentivirus was used to deliver shRNA to pancreatic cancer cells to construct CCNI2 knockdown cell models. MTT and colony formation assays were used to assess cell proliferation capacity, flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to determine cell migration.Results: Our results revealed that CCNI2 is not only highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, but also significantly correlated with pathological grade, pathological stage, and survival rate. It was confirmed that knockdown of CCNI2 inhibited the proliferation and cell migration of pancreatic cancer cells while promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, human apoptotic antibody arrays showed that CCNI2 is involved in apoptosis process by up-regulating the pro-apoptotic proteins.Conclusions: In conclusion, CCNI2 may be a prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer and is associated with its development. Thus, CCNI2 possesses potential to act as a therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer treatment.
Spanish Marine National Parks: Priority areas for the conservation of a vulnerable family of fishes
Authors: Oliver Miquel Planas , Piñeiro-Corbeira Cristina , Bouza Carmen , Castejón-Silvo Inés , Vera Manuel , Regueira Marcos , Ochoa Verónica , Bárbara Ignacio , Terrados Jorge , Chamorro Alexandro , Barreiro Rodolfo , Hernández-Urcera Jorge , Alejo Irene , Nombela Miguel , García Manuel Enrique , Pardo Belén G. , Peña Viviana , Díaz Pilar , Cremades Javier , Morales-Nin Beatriz 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Syngnathid fishes (Actinopterygii, Syngnathidae) are flagship species highly associated to seaweed and seagrass habitats of marine ecosystems biodiversity. Seahorses and pipefish are highly vulnerable to anthropogenic and environmental disturbances, but most species are currently Data Defficient by IUCN (IUCN, 2019), requiring more biological and ecological research. This study provides the first insights on syngnathid populations in two Spanish National Parks (PNIA –Atlantic- and PNAC –Mediterranean-). Fish were collected periodically, marked, morphologically identified, analyzed for size, weight, gender and sexual maturity, and sampled for further stable isotope and genetic identification. Due the scarcity of previous information, habitat characteristics were also assessed in PNIA. Results: Syngnathid diversity and abundances were low, with two species identified in PNIA ( Hippocampus guttulatus and Syngnathus acus ) and four in PNAC ( S. abaster , S. acus , S. typhle and Nerophis maculatus ). Syngnathids from both NPs differed isotopically, with much lower δ15 N in PNAC. The dominant species were S. abaster in PNAC and particularly S. acus in PNIA. Syngnathids preferred less exposed sites in macroalgal assemblages in PNIA and Cymodocea meadows in PNAC. In S. acus from PNIA, the occurrence of very large specimens, the absence of small-medium sizes and the isotopic comparison with a nearby population suggest that the population is mainly founded by breeders that migrate seasonally. Novel 16S rDNA haplotypes and sequence variants were detected for Hippocampus guttulatus , N. maculatus , S. acus, and S. abaster . Our data suggest the presence of a cryptic Syngnathus species in PNAC, Conclusions: This is the first multidisciplinary approach to the study of syngnathids in Spanish marine NPs. Habitat preferences and population characteristics in both NPs differed. Further studies are needed to assess potential misidentifications of Syngnathus genus in PNAC, and migratory events in PNIA. We propose several preferential sites in both NPs for future monitoring of syngnathid populations and some recommendations to undertake.
Nanostructured SiGe:Sb solid solutions with improved thermoelectric figure of merit
Authors: Dorokhin Mikhail Vladimirovich , Demina Polina Borisovna , Erofeeva Irina Viktorovna , Kuznetsov Yuri Mikhailovich , Zdoroveyshchev Anton Vladimirovich , Boldin Maksim Sergeevich , Lantsev Evgeniy Andreevich , Popov Aleksandr Andreevich , Uskova Elena Afanas'evna , Trushin Vladimir Nikolaevich 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Thermoelectric Si 0,65 Ge 0,35 Sb δ materials have been fabricated by spark plasma sintering of Ge-Si-Sb powder mixture. The electronic properties of Si 0,65 Ge 0,35 Sb δ were found to be dependent on the uniformity of mixing of the components, which in turn is determined by the maximum heating temperature during solid-state sintering. Provided the concentration of donor Sb impurity is optimized the thermoelectric figure of merit for the investigated structures can be as high as 0.628 at the temperature of 490 °С, the latter value is comparable with world-known analogues obtained for Si 1- x Ge x P δ .