bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twelve‐month prevalence and severity of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey
Authors: Altwaijri Yasmin A. , Al‐Habeeb Abdulhameed , Al‐Subaie Abdullah S. , Bilal Lisa , Al‐Desouki Majid , Shahab Mona K. , Hyder Sanaa , Sampson Nancy A. , King Andrew J. , Kessler Ronald C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate 12‐month prevalence and severity of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS).MethodsThe SNMHS is a face‐to‐face community epidemiological survey in a nationally representative household sample of citizens aged 15 to 65 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) (n = 4,004). The World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to estimate 12‐month prevalence of common DSM‐IV mental disorders.ResultsTwelve‐month prevalence of any DSM‐IV/CIDI disorder is 20.2%. Most common are anxiety disorders (12.3%) followed by mood (6.8%), disruptive behavior (5.4%), eating (3.2%), and substance use (1.9%) disorders. The proportion of 12‐month cases rated serious (39.0% of all cases) is high across virtually all disorders relative to the proportions found in CIDI surveys in other high‐income countries. Younger people have significantly elevated odds of mood and disruptive behavior disorders and serious disorders. Women have significantly elevated odds of anxiety and mood disorders and serious disorders. Previously married people have significantly elevated odds of most disorder classes and serious disorders.ConclusionsBoth 12‐month prevalence and severity of DSM‐IV/CIDI disorders are high in Saudi Arabia compared to other high‐income countries that carried out comparable surveys.
Lifetime prevalence and age‐of‐onset distributions of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey
Authors: Altwaijri Yasmin A. , Al‐Subaie Abdullah S. , Al‐Habeeb Abdulhameed , Bilal Lisa , Al‐Desouki Majid , Aradati Maggie , King Andrew J. , Sampson Nancy A. , Kessler Ronald C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS).MethodsThe SNMHS is a face‐to‐face community epidemiological survey in a nationally representative household sample of citizens ages 15–65 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) (n = 4,004). The World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to estimate lifetime prevalence of common DSM‐IV mental disorders.ResultsEstimated lifetime prevalence of any DSM‐IV/CIDI disorder is 34.2% and lifetime morbid risk is 38.0%. Anxiety disorders are by far the most prevalent (23.2%) followed by disruptive behavior (11.2%), mood (9.3%), eating (6.1%), and substance use (4.0%) disorders. Synthetic estimates of cohort effects suggest that prevalence of many disorders has increased in recent cohorts. Onsets typically occur in childhood for a number of anxiety and disruptive behavior disorders and in adolescence or early adulthood for most other disorders, although age‐of‐onset distributions for drug abuse is much later (median age of 31) than in CIDI surveys carried out in other high‐income countries.ConclusionsLifetime mental disorders are highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia and typically have early ages‐of‐onset.
Review and prospect: NMR spectroscopy denoising and reconstruction with low‐rank Hankel matrices and tensors
Authors: Qiu Tianyu , Wang Zi , Liu Huiting , Guo Di , Qu Xiaobo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an important analytical tool in chemistry, biology, and life science, but it suffers from relatively low sensitivity and long acquisition time. Thus, improving the apparent signal‐to‐noise ratio and accelerating data acquisition became indispensable. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on low‐rank Hankel matrix and tensor methods, which exploit the exponential property of free‐induction decay signals, to enable effective denoising and spectra reconstruction. We also outline future developments that are likely to make NMR spectroscopy a far more powerful technique.
Dynamic volumetric hyperpolarized 13C imaging with multi‐echo EPI
Authors: Deh Kofi , Granlund Kristin L. , Eskandari Roozbeh , Kim Nathaniel , Mamakhanyan Arsen , Keshari Kayvan R. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTo generate dynamic, volumetric maps of hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate and its metabolic products in vivo.MethodsMaps of chemical species were generated with iterative least squares (IDEAL) reconstruction from multiecho echo‐planar imaging (EPI) of phantoms of thermally polarized 13C‐labeled chemicals and mice injected with hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate on a preclinical 3T scanner. The quality of the IDEAL decomposition of single‐shot and multishot phantom images was evaluated using quantitative results from a simple pulse‐and‐acquire sequence as the gold standard. Time course and area‐under‐the‐curve plots were created to analyze the distribution of metabolites in vivo.ResultsImproved separation of chemical species by IDEAL, evaluated by the amount of residual signal measured for chemicals not present in the phantoms, was observed as the number of EPI shots was increased from one to four. Dynamic three‐dimensional metabolite maps of [1‐13C]pyruvate,[1‐13C]pyruvatehydrate, [1‐13C]lactate, [1‐13C]bicarbonate, and [1‐13C]alanine generated by IDEAL from interleaved multishot multiecho EPI of live mice were used to construct time course and area‐under‐the‐curve graphs for the heart, kidneys, and liver, which showed good agreement with previously published results.ConclusionsIDEAL decomposition of multishot multiecho 13C EPI images is a simple, yet robust method for generating high‐quality dynamic volumetric maps of hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate and its products in vivo and has potential applications for the assessment of multiorgan metabolic phenomena.
Voluntary winging of the scapula: Proposed diagnostic criteria
Authors: Seror Paul , Roren MK Alexandra , Garofoli Romain , Zauderer Jennifer , Rannou Francois , Lefevre‐Colau Marie Martine 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe report a series of 10 patients with unilateral, dynamic, winged scapula (WS), without cause, that was diagnosed as voluntary winging of the scapula (VWS). We compared clinical, electrodiagnostic, and other examination data for 10 patients with VWS and 146 with dynamic WS‐related neuromuscular disorders, to establish a detailed pattern of the VWS subtype. In VWS, electrodiagnostic and other examinations did not reveal any neuromuscular or orthopedic cause. Winging was dynamic, obvious, neither medial nor lateral, and mainly involved the inferior angle of the scapula, in young patients. VWS never appeared during floor push‐ups. Patients could produce WS at will with the index and healthy shoulder, between 25° and 65° of anterior elevation, or with shoulder internal rotation. VWS is a benign disorder that can be distinguished from neuromuscular WS by normal electrodiagnostic results for muscles and nerves of both shoulders and two specific clinical tests.
Otolith Microchemistry of Common Carp Reflects Capture Location and Differentiates Nurseries in an Interconnected Lake System of the North American Midwest
Authors: Swanson Reid G. , Gagnon Joel E. , Miller Loren M. , Dauphinais Justine D. , Sorensen Peter W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Common Carp Cyprinus carpio is an invasive fish whose populations have grown to ecologically damaging levels in the North American Midwest. It has been shown that some shallow nursery habitats contribute disproportionally to population growth of Common Carp in interconnected Midwestern lake systems. The ability of managers to discriminate which shallow basins are producing Common Carp across these systems could increase the efficacy of management practices aimed at disrupting recruitment. We tested whether adult and juvenile Common Carp collected across an interconnected Midwestern lake system could be distinguished based on the concentrations of 11 trace elements measured in their otoliths using laser ablation and high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (n = 157). Elemental concentrations in water were also measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and found to differ among sites and between habitats, indicating that variation in otolith microchemistry was likely. Aluminum, barium, copper, iron, potassium, lithium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, and strontium in the edge region of otoliths differed significantly among Common Carp from all capture sites. Barium, iron, lithium, manganese, and phosphorus differed significantly among juvenile Common Carp from three nursery basins. Aluminum, barium, copper, iron, potassium, lithium, sodium, phosphorus, and strontium were significantly different between nursery and nonnursery habitats. We then investigated the ability to use these elemental otolith edge signatures to differentiate capture locations and distinguish between locations that are active and putative nursery habitats. Quadratic discriminant analysis could classify otoliths to collection site with an accuracy of 54%. Quadratic discriminant analysis had increased accuracy when restricted to juvenile Common Carp (76%) and when classifying Common Carp to nursery and nonnursery habitat types (87%). Further analysis of otolith and water microchemistry indicates temporal instability and suggests a need to collect a multiyear library of otoliths prior to utilization by managers.
The influence of the void fraction on the particle migration: A coupled computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method study about drag force correlations
Authors: Kanitz Manuela , Grabe Juergen 
Published: August 2020

SummaryGranular soils subjected to flow through their soil skeleton can show a behaviour in which fine particles migrate through the pore space between coarser particles. This process is called internal instability or suffusion. This contribution deals with the numerical analysis of the migration of fine particles in a soil column subjected to fluid flow with unresolved coupled computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method (CFD–DEM) with special regards to the used drag force correlation. The contribution investigates the influence of the Schiller–Naumann model and its extension with a voidage term on the migration behaviour of fine particles. The voidage term is further varied with a parameter, which controls the impact of the change of the void fraction on the drag force. It could be observed that the Schiller–Naumann model does not yield in a suffusive behaviour while the extended models show significant particle migration. Thereby, increasing the impact of the void fraction on the drag force results in stronger particle migration. These results reveal the need for good validation techniques. They indicate how the drag force correlation can be adapted to depict the correct particle migration behaviour.
Obesity as a risk factor for poor outcomes after sling surgery in women with stress urinary incontinence: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Barco‐Castillo Catalina , Plata Mauricio , Zuluaga Laura , Serrano Adolfo , Gómez Andrea , Santander Jessica , Caicedo Juan I. , Azuero Julián , Echeverry Mariana , Trujillo Carlos Gustavo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeObesity is one of the main risk factors for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and has also been associated with worse surgical outcomes. However, the literature is heterogeneous and inconclusive. The goal of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate cure rates and perioperative complications in obese women.Materials and MethodsA literature search of OVID, MEDNAR, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and CENTRAL databases was conducted. Randomized controlled trials comparing cure rates and failure of treatment in normal and obese patients, who underwent mid‐urethral sling surgery, were identified. A systematic review of subjective and objective cure rates, and complications was performed. Meta‐analyses of dichotomous data under the random‐effects model were applied using Review Manager 5.3. Nonrandomized comparative studies and gray literature were excluded.ResultsA total of 219 studies were identified. Four randomized controlled trials were included for evaluation. The risk of bias evaluation was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. One study was excluded due to missing data on the outcomes. Patients were stratified according to their body mass index as obese (>30 kg/m2) and nonobese (<30 kg/m2). Complications could not be meta‐analyzed. The meta‐analysis of subjective (risk ratio [RR] = 1.69 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32‐2.16]) and objective (RR = 1.62 [95% CI: 1.26‐2.07]) cure rates disfavored obese women.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis shows that obesity is a risk factor for the nonsuccessful treatment of SUI with tension‐free mid‐urethral sling. Differences in regards to the surgical approach and its association with obesity could not be established with the current evidence.
Systematic Review of Energy Initiation Rates and Refeeding Syndrome Outcomes
Authors: Matthews‐Rensch Kylie , Capra Sandra , Palmer Michelle 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe limited, low‐level evidence available on refeeding syndrome (RFS) is likely a result of there being no universally accepted definition of RFS. Cautious feeding is typically recommended to prevent RFS‐related adverse outcomes; however, these recommendations are outdated. This systematic review aimed to summarize the RFS literature, describe feeding methods used, and determine whether higher or lower energy rates at commencement of feeding were associated with RFS or RFS‐related adverse outcomes. Databases were searched for interventional and observational studies examining feeding and RFS‐related adverse events in adult patients. Data extracted included study design, participant descriptions, energy intake, and incidence of RFS‐related adverse outcomes. Studies were compared based on assertive (>20 kcal/kg/d) or conservative (≤20 kcal/kg/d) feeding initiation rates. Of 2803 abstracts, 24 studies were included (1 randomized control trial, 23 observational studies). Fifteen studies were classified as assertive. Feeding methods varied greatly, making interpretations difficult. Incidence of hypophosphatemia varied widely and was reported at rates of up to 74% for assertive studies and 72% for conservative studies. Similarly, diagnosed RFS was reported at rates of up to 20% for both types of studies. Time to achieve goal feeding rate appeared to have no influence on incidence of RFS‐related adverse outcomes. No consensus was found regarding the best method of feeding, energy initiation, or the time to achieve goal feeding rate that minimizes risk of RFS. There is currently limited evidence to suggest that higher‐energy feeding initiation rates have detrimental impacts on those at risk of RFS; however, further research is necessary.
Network reliability: Heading out on the highway
Authors: Brown Jason I. , Colbourn Charles J. , Cox Danielle , Graves Christina , Mol Lucas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA variety of probabilistic notions of network reliability of graphs and digraphs have been proposed and studied since the early 1950s. Although grounded in the engineering and logistics of network design and analysis, the research also spans pure and applied mathematics, with connections to areas as diverse as combinatorics and graph theory, combinatorial enumeration, optimization, probability theory, real and complex analysis, algebraic topology, commutative algebra, the design and analysis of algorithms, and computational complexity. In this paper we describe the landscape of various notions of network reliability, the roads well traveled, and some that appear likely to lead to meaningful and important journeys.
Two‐step discretization method for 2D/3D Allen–Cahn equation based on RBF‐FD scheme
Authors: Yao Lin , Zhang Xindong , Li Ning 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this article, a two‐step discretization method based on multi‐quadrics (MQ) radial basis function (RBF) is presented for solving Allen–Cahn (AC) equation with integer derivative for time and space. In the first step, backward Euler formula with Newton iterative method is used to discrete the time direction of AC equation. And RBF method is applied in space for solving semi‐discrete linearized problem on a coarse mesh. In the second step, finite difference (FD) and radial basis function‐finite difference (RBF‐FD) methods are used to solve the problem on a fine mesh, respectively. Numerical tests for the equation are obtained to verify the feasibility and computational efficiency of the considered process. In addition, the comparison between FD and RBF‐FD shows that solutions obtained by RBF‐FD are higher accuracy.
Lifestyle behaviors among undergraduate nursing students: A latent class analysis
Authors: Macedo Tassia T. S. , Mussi Fernanda C. , Sheets Debra , Campos Ana C. P. , Patrão Ana L. , Freitas Caren L. M. , Paim Melissa A. S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis is a cross‐sectional study whose objective was to identify clustering of lifestyle behaviors among undergraduate nursing students to inform health promotion efforts and improve health outcomes later in life. All 353 undergraduate nursing students from the School of Nursing in a public university, Bahia, Brazil were invited to participate. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were according to the major project. Participants must be enrolled and attending the 1st to 10th semester, with a minimum age of 18 years. Participants were excluded if they had any physical disabilities that limited the collection of anthropometric measures or were completing an internship off‐campus. A total of 286 undergraduate nursing students met the criteria and completed the survey. The questionnaires included standardized measures for demographic, academic, and lifestyle behaviors (e.g., tobacco use, alcohol use, physical activity level, sedentary behavior, and fruits and vegetables consumed). Latent class analysis was performed to identify any clustering of lifestyle behaviors. Descriptive analyses indicated that 3.1% of the students were smokers, 23.1% consumed alcohol, 34.3% were inactive, 85.0% were sedentary, and 80.8% did not consume recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables. Latent class analysis produced four distinct subtypes of health risk: (a) low‐health risk (33.57%); (b) moderate‐health risk (27.97%); (c) high‐health risk (19.58%); and (d) very high‐health risk (18.88%). Approximately 38.5% of students were in the very high or high‐risk classes. The proportion of students with very high and high‐health risks emphasizes the importance of health promotion programs for university nursing students.
Outpatient pain clinic and intranasal fentanyl to improve sickle cell disease outcomes
Authors: Myrick Raven , Blakemore Shaundra , Waite Emily , Pernell Brandi , Madan‐Swain Avi , Hilliard Lee , Lebensburger Jeffrey 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcute pain events are a leading complication for sickle cell patients. In an attempt to improve pain outcomes, we developed an outpatient pain clinic, and included intranasal fentanyl in the opioid emergency department (ED) pain order set. We evaluated admission rates and opioid administration for patients that attended both the outpatient pain clinic and ED within a 3‐month period.MethodsWe recorded the admission rate, IV morphine equivalents, and time from triage for each opioid order and administration from both an outpatient pain clinic and ED visit within a 3‐month period for an individual pediatric patient with sickle cell disease.ResultsThirty patients received acute pain management in both settings. We identified a significant reduction in hospital admission when patients received care in the pain clinic as compared to the ED (17% vs 43%, P = .02). Additionally, outpatient pain clinic patients received significantly less IV morphine equivalents than patients received in the ED (5.6 vs 10.6 IV morphine equivalents, P < .0001). In the ED, intranasal fentanyl was administered in a significantly shorter time than patients ordered intravenous opioid (43 vs 75 min, P = .02). The mean time to receiving an opioid in the outpatient pain clinic was 57 min.ConclusionThe use of an outpatient pain clinic can reduce admission rates as compared to the ED. The use of intranasal fentanyl reduced the time to first opioid administration in the ED. Patient‐centered research or quality improvement projects should continue to focus on novel approaches to acute pain event management.
Pilot study of the combination of sorafenib and fractionated irinotecan in pediatric relapse/refractory hepatic cancer (FINEX pilot study)
Authors: Keino Dai , Yokosuka Tomoko , Hirose Ayana , Sakurai Yukari , Nakamura Wataru , Fujita Sachio , Hayashi Akiko , Miyagawa Naoyuki , Iwasaki Fuminori , Hamanoue Satoshi , Yanagimachi Masakatsu , Shiomi Masae , Goto Shoko , Kitagawa Norihiko , Tanaka Mio , Nozawa Kumiko , Tanaka Yukichi , Goto Hiroaki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreclinical observations suggested a synergistic effect of sorafenib (SFN) and irinotecan (CPT‐11) in hepatoblastoma (HB). Thus, we conducted a feasibility study of fractionated CPT‐11 combined with SFN to develop a new therapy against relapsed/refractory pediatric hepatic cancer (HC).ProcedureThe study was originally designed as a phase I, standard 3+3 dose‐finding study to evaluate dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) for the regimen and the optimal CPT‐11 dose in combination with SFN against relapsed/refractory pediatric HC, including HB and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The enrolled patients received SFN at 200 mg/m2 every 12 hours or 400 mg/m2 every 24 hours daily combined with CPT‐11 at 20 mg/m2/day on days 1 to 5 as an initial level 1 dose.ResultsSix patients with HB (n = 4) or HCC (n = 2) were enrolled and treated with CPT‐11 dose level 1. The median age at enrollment was 8.7 (6.2‐16.3) years. All patients received platinum‐containing chemotherapy, and five or two patients received CPT‐11 or SFN before enrollment, respectively. Regimen toxicities were evaluable in all patients. One of six patients experienced a grade 4 transaminase levels increase, which was defined as a DLT per protocol. Grade 3/4 neutropenia and a grade 3 transaminase level increase occurred in three patients and one patient, respectively. All patients reported grade 1/2 toxicities such as anemia, skin toxicity, gastrointestinal symptoms, and hypoalbuminemia.ConclusionsAlthough the study was terminated before determining the maximum‐tolerated CPT‐11 dose, SFN and CPT‐11 at the level 1 dose were concluded to be tolerable in pediatric patients with HC.