bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A data process of human knee joint kinematics obtained by motion-capture measurement
Authors: Wang Jian-ping , Wang Shi-hua , Wang Yan-qing , Hu Hai , Yu Jin-wei , Zhao Xuan , Liu Jin-lai , Chen Xu , Li Yu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The motion capture has been used as the usual method for measuring movement parameters of human, and most of the measuring data are obtained by partial manual process based on commercial software. A data process was developed for kinematics data obtain by programming on MATLAB software in this paper. Methods: The coordinate data of markers on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were firstly read and repaired through the program. Then the coordinate data of anatomical points in the movement of human lower limb were obtained by program processing. The local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. After that the flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint in the movement of lower limb were obtained by coordinate transformation. Lastly, the motion capture and measurement of healthy volunteers were carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data process. Results: Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and climbing stairs of 29 healthy volunteers to obtain the motion characteristics of the knee joint. As followed, the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in squatting was 30.5 degrees, and the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in climbing stairs was 14 degrees, etc. The results of this paper also were respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, and the results were basically consistent, thus the reliability of our research method was verified. Conclusion: The kinematics data of human knee joint could be processed accurately and effectively with the method programmed in MATLAB software, and the kinematics characteristics of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained. The processing method provided a reference for the designing and optimization of knee prosthesis, and the program can be modified for different purposes. At the same time, it is helpful to study knee joint movement of patients after total knee arthroplasty.
A Genomic Census of the Chicken Gut Microbiome using Metagenomics and Culture
Authors: Gilroy Rachel , Ravi Anuradha , Getino Maria , Pursley Isabella , Horton Daniel , Alikhan Nabil-Fareed , Baker David , Gharbi Karim , Hall Neil , Watson Mick , Adriaenssens Evelien M. , Foster-Nyarko Ebenezer , Jarju Sheikh , Secka Arss , Antonio Martin , Oren Aharon , Chaudhuri Roy , Ragione Roberto La , Hildebrand Falk , Pallen Mark 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. The chicken is the most abundant food animal in the world. However, despite its importance, the chicken gut microbiome remains largely undefined. Here, we exploit culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches to deliver a genomic census of this complex microbial community. Results. We performed metagenomic sequencing of fifty chicken faecal samples from two breeds and analysed these, alongside all (n=582) relevant publicly available chicken metagenomes, to cluster over 20 million non-redundant genes and to construct over 5,500 metagenome-assembled bacterial genomes. In addition, we recovered nearly 600 bacteriophage genomes This represents the most comprehensive view of the chicken gut associated microbiome to date, encompassing dozens of novel candidate bacterial genera and hundreds of novel candidate species. To provide a stable, clear and memorable nomenclature for novel species, we devised a scalable combinatorial system for the creation of hundreds of well-formed Latin binomials. We cultured and genome-sequenced bacterial isolates from faeces, documenting thirty novel species, together with three species from the genus Escherichia, including the newly named species Escherichia whittamii.Conclusions. Our metagenomic and culture-based analyses provide new insights into the bacterial, archaeal and bacteriophage components of the chicken gut microbiome. The resulting datasets expand the known diversity of the chicken gut microbiome and provides a key resource for future high-resolution taxonomic and functional studies on the chicken gut microbiome.
The Activity of Daily Living (ADL) subgroups and Health impairment among Chinese elderly:A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yangchang , Xiong Yang , Yu Qiuhua , Shen Shisi , Chen Li , Lei Xun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Disability in aged people became one of the major challenges in China due to the acceleration of population aging. Nevertheless, there were limited methods to appropriately discriminate the degree of combined basic activity of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL). The present study explored an empirical typology of the activity of daily living (ADL) and its association with health status among the elderly in China.Methods: Data throughout the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) was retrieved and Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify the subgroups of ADL for included elderly subjects. Multinomial regression was performed to detect the effect of identified characteristics with ADL subgroups, and the restricted cubic spine was drawn to show the changes in the relationship between age-specific ADL disability and BMI.Results: The overall participants (n=8108) were divided into three ADL classes by LPA - ‘no BADL limitation-no IADL limitation’ (Class one, n=6062, 75%), ‘no BADL limitation- IADL impairment’ (Class two, n=1526, 19%), and ‘BADL impairment- IADL impairment’ (Class three, n=520, 6%). Compared with the participants in Class one, the oldest-old, living without spouse, lacking of exercise, short in social activities, having experience of falls, having comorbidity of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, decreased cognitive function, depression symptom were highly associated with Class two and Class three. Additionally, malnutrition and asthma were associated with combined BADL/IADL impairment (Class three), while illiteracy was only associated with IADL impairment (Class two). Furthermore, a statistically significant U-shape association was detected between age and BADL/IADL disability (Class three vs. Class two) as well as BMI and BADL/IADL disability (Class three vs. Class one). The elderly aged 80-90 with IADL impairment were less likely to evolve into combined BADL/IADL impairment, and the elderly who were underweight or obese may have higher risk of combined BADL/IADL impairment.Conclusion: A novel functional assessment was explored based on LPA, by which elderly people could be classified into three distinct classes of combined BADL/IADL. The predictors identified with particular IADL/BADL classes could draw early attention to the onset of functional disability and enlighten targeted interventions to address consequent problems of aged people.
Tectonic Tremors in the Northern Mexican Subduction Zone Remotely Triggered by the 2017 Mw8.2 Tehuantepec Earthquake
Authors: Miyazawa Masatoshi , Santoyo Miguel Ángel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Surface waves from the 2017 Mw8.2 Tehuantepec earthquake remotely triggered tectonic tremors in the Jalisco region, approximately 1000 km WNW in the northern Mexican subduction zone. This is the first observation of tremor triggering in this region and one of the largest known examples of a triggered tremor in the world. Although prior studies have found tectonic tremors triggered by teleseismic waves in subduction zones and plate boundaries, further investigation of tremor triggering is crucially important for understanding the causative mechanism. We calculate the stress and strain changes across the three-dimensional plate interface attributable to seismic waves from the earthquake by full wavefield simulation. The maximum magnitude of the dynamic strain tensor eigenvalues on the plate interface, where tremors likely occur, is approximately 10 -6 . The subducting slab geometry effectively amplifies triggering waves. The triggering Coulomb failure stress changes resolved for a thrust fault plane consistent with the geometry are estimated to be approximately 10-40 kPa. The relationship between the triggering stress and triggered tremor amplitude may indicate that the [[EQUATION]] of the rate-state-dependent friction law is 10 to 100 kPa.
Sound velocities of iron-nickel (Fe90Ni10) alloy up to 8 GPa and 773 K: The effect of nickel on the elastic properties of bcc-iron at highP-T
Authors: Wang Siheng , Cai Nao , Qi Xintong , Chen Sibo , Li Baosheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSound velocities of iron and iron-based alloys at high pressure and high temperature are crucial for understanding the composition and structure of Earth’s and other telluric planetary cores. In this study, we performed ultrasonic interferometric measurements of both compressional (νP) and shear (νS) velocities on a polycrystalline body-centered-cubic (bcc)-Fe90Ni10 up to 8 GPa and 773 K. The elastic moduli and their pressure and temperature derivatives are derived from least-square fits to third-order finite strain equations, yielding KS0 = 154.2(8) GPa, G0 = 73.2(2) GPa, KS0′ = 4.6(2), G0′ = 1.5(1), ∂KS/∂T = –0.028(1) GPa/K, and ∂G/∂T = –0.023(1) GPa/K. A comparison with literature data on bcc-Fe suggests that nickel not only decreases both P and S wave velocities but also weakens the temperature effects on the elastic moduli of Fe-Ni alloys.
Johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, a new mineral of the beryl group from the gem deposits of Mogok, Myanmar
Authors: Palke Aaron C. , Henling Lawrence M. , Ma Chi , Rossman George R. , Sun Ziyin , Renfro Nathan , Kampf Anthony R. , Thu Kyaw , Myo Nay , Wongrawang Patcharee , Weeramonkhonlert Vararut 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A new mineral of the beryl group, johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, was recovered from the gem gravels in the Pein Pyit area of the Mogok region in Myanmar. Thus far, only a single crystal has been identified. It has dimensions of about 5.8 × 5.7 × 5.5 mm. This specimen has an irregular shape but still has discernible crystal form with geometric growth patterns observed on the crystal faces. The crystal of johnkoivulaite is grayish-violet in color and strongly pleochroic, going from nearly colorless with E┴c to dark bluish-violet with E||c. Johnkoivulaite has a Mohs hardness of about 7½ and a measured density of 3.01(10) g/cm3. It is uniaxial (–) with ω = 1.607(1) and ε = 1.605(1) (white light). Electron microprobe analyses gave the empirical formula of (Cs0.85K0.10Na0.01)(Be1.88B1.12)(Mg1.66Fe0.27Mn0.01Al0.05) (Si5.98)O18 with Be calculated by stoichiometry and confirmed by LA-ICP-MS measurements. Johnkoivulaite is hexagonal, P6/mmc (no. 192) with a = 9.469(2), c = 9.033(2) Å, V = 701.5(3) Å3, and Z = 2. Johnkoivulaite is isostructural with beryl and exhibits partial substitution of B for Be at the distorted tetrahedral site, Mg for Al at the octahedral site, and Cs in the channel sites within the stacked Si6O18 rings. This substitution can be written as (CsMg2B)(☐Al2Be)–1. Johnkoivulaite, the seventh member of the beryl group, is named in honor of gemologist John Koivula in recognition of his contributions to mineralogy and gemology.
Exosome Limitations in the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Skuratovskaia Daria , Vulf Maria , Khaziakhmatova Olga , Malashchenko Vladimir , Komar Aleksandra , Shunkin Egor , Gazatova Natalia , Litvinova Larisa 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Despite the great interest and numerous studies, there is currently no unified standard
describing the sequential manipulation with cells to obtain exosomes for clinical use.The use of exosomes has
become an attractive alternative to cell therapy, since the flexible nature of these biological vesicles allows scientists
to manipulate their composition to produce the desired exosomes carrying specific drugs, RNA and proteins.
This study aimed to analyse scientific literature on the changes in the functional characteristics of exosomes,
depending on the method of manipulation, potentially contributing to the development of negative effects
in the treatment of diseases of inflammatory genesis.

Results:
The choice of isolation method affects the expressed sets of protein markers, nucleic acids and receptors
on microparticles. Various surface receptors present on the exosome membrane can be engineered to target
lesions. Exosomes from healthy patients help to reduce inflammation, normalize intercellular communication
and have anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and cytoprotective effects. Exosomes can change the microenvironment, but
the microenvironment can also change the composition of exosomes.

Conclusion:
Exosomes obtained from sick patients carry markers characteristic of the corresponding disease.
Such exosomes can have pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic, cytotoxic, and oncogenic properties, and disrupt cellular
cooperation. Until now, questions regarding the dose, reactions to repeated administration, and dosage regimes
have not been completely resolved.
Dosage Regimen Formulation and Therapeutic Effect Evaluation of Cyadox Nanosuspension Against Dairy Cow Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yue Tingting , Xie Shuyu , Meng Kuiyu , Liu Shenhe , Pan Yuanhu , Qu Wei , Liu ZhenLi , Chen Dongmei 
Published: December 2020

Aims:
In this study, the dosage regimen establishment of cyadox nanosuspension
against dairy cow mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was used as example to
provide a general reference for the other novel nanocrystal preparations.

Methods:
The effect of cyadox against S. aureus isolates from dairy cows were firstly estimated
and then the dosing regimen of nanosuspension after intramammary administration was optimized
according to the model of ex vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD). The therapeutic
efficacy of the predicted dosage regimen was evaluated.

Results:
The results demonstrated that cyadox has a concentration-dependent effect on S. aureus.
The smallest and highest values of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against 80 isolates
was 8 and 64 μg/mL, respectively. The corresponding MIC 50 and MIC 90 was 16 and 32 μg/mL,
respectively. The MIC against the pathogenic S. aureus SAHZ156001 in broth and milk were 16
and 32 μg/mL, respectively. The AUC 0-last and C max of cyadox in milk were 4442.877
μg*h/mL and 753.052 μg/mL, respectively. According to the inhibitory sigmoid E max modeling
and dosage equation, the daily doses were predicted 1.6, 6.6, and 12.2 mL/gland to achieve bacteriostatic,
bactericidal, and elimination effects. The dosage internal was daily administration for
continuous three days.

Conclusion:
The clinical experiment showed that the efficient rates were 100, 100, and 90.9%, and
the curative rates were 100, 81.8, and 63.6% in 12.2, 6.6 and 1.6 ml/gland groups, respectively. These
results showed that cyadox nanosuspension had a good prospect as intramammary infusion to
cure dairy cow mastitis infected by S. aureus. This study will be helpful for providing reference for
nanocrystal preparation dosage regimen formulation.
Proteomic Analysis of Aqueous Humor Proteins Associated with Neovascular Glaucoma Secondary to Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Wang Ying , Xu Shaolin , Li Junyi , Yuan Fujie , Chen Yue , Liu Kelin 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
Extensive retinal ischemia caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)
may develop into neovascular glaucoma (NVG). We searched for the proteins which might participate
in neovascularization through the analysis of aqueous humor (AH) proteomics in patients with
NVG secondary to PDR to increasing the understanding of the possible mechanism of neovascularization.

Methods:
We collected 12 samples (group A) of AH from patients with NVG secondary to PDR as
the experimental group and 7 samples (group B) of AH from patients with primary acute angle-closure
glaucoma (PAACG) & diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy (NDR) as the control
group. Differential quantitative proteome analysis of the aqueous humor samples was performed
based on the data-independent acquisition (DIA) method. The differentially expressed proteins
were functionally annotated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). The important differentially expressed
proteins were validated in another group (group A: 5 samples and group B: 5 samples) by
parallel reaction monitor (PRM) approach.

Results:
A total of 636 AH proteins were identified, and 82 proteins were differentially expressed
between the two groups. Functional annotation showed that the differentially expressed proteins
were mainly associated with angiogenesis and cell migration. Signaling pathways analysis showed
that the proteins up-regulated in group A were mainly related to Liver X receptor/Retinoid X receptor
(LXR/RXR) activation and acute reaction.

Conclusions:
This study presented a pilot work related to NVG secondary to PDR, which provided
a better understanding of the mechanisms governing the pathophysiology of NVG.
A Useful Tool for the Identification of DNA-Binding Proteins Using Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Chen Dasheng , Wei Leyi 
Published: December 2020

Background:
DNA and protein are important components of living organisms. DNA
binding protein is a helicase, which is a protein specifically responsible for binding to DNA single-
stranded regions. It is a necessary component for DNA replication, recombination and repair,
and plays a key role in the function of various biomolecules. Although there are already some classification
prediction methods for this protein, the use of graph neural networks for this work is still
limited.

Objective:
The classification of unknown protein sequences into the correct categories, subcategories
and families is important for biological sciences. In this article, using graph neural networks,
we developed a novel predictor GCN-DBP for protein classification prediction.

Methods:
Each protein sequence is treated as a document in this study, and then segment the words
according to the concept of k-mer, thereby, finally achieving the purpose of segmenting the document.
This research aims to use document word relationships and word co-occurrence as a corpus
to construct a text graph, and then learn protein sequence information by two-layer graph convolutional
networks.

Results:
Finally, we tested GCN-DBP on the independent data set PDB2272, and its accuracy
reached 64.17% and MCC was 28.32%. Moreover, in order to compare the proposed method with
other existing methods, we have conducted more experiments.

Conclusion:
The results show that the proposed method is superior to the other four methods and
will be a useful tool.
Training for Virtual Exchange
Authors: Brighton Christopher 
Published: December 2020

The article describes the training program introduced at East Carolina University (ECU) for the Global Understanding (GU) program and the Global Partners in Education (GPE) consortium. The aim of the training was to reinforce instructors’ intercultural skills and build on the well-known methodology of virtual exchange. Over one semester, the instructors attended face-to-face training sessions. These two-hour meetings focused on several pre-identified areas which needed increased instructor awareness: Cultural Intelligence (CQ), reflections, and classroom management, as well as teamwork and collaboration. The general outcomes of the training have seen an improvement in program delivery, classroom interaction, and student support. Additionally, the work in ECU highlights the need for intercultural training to be part of virtual exchange preparation alongside the well-known guides which provide instructors with the structure for conducting this type of modality. As is shown in this report, increased instructor awareness leads to more successful virtual exchange program delivery, pastoral support, and learner outcomes.
Veertig jaar universitaire filosofie in Nederland: van pluralisme naar 'normal philosophy'
Authors: Vintges Karen 
Published: December 2020

Although for a long time, Dutch academic philosophy was characterized by a pluralism of – imported – philosophical frameworks and paradigms, in more recent decades, a type of ‘normal philosophy’, in the Kuhnian sense, has become dominant which aims to solve ethical and political problems and dilemmas through rational-normative argumentation. Contrary to what is often claimed, the new 'normal philosophy' amounts not to thinking ‘beyond the analytic-continental divide’ in a fruitful synthesis, but to the subsumption of continental philosophical themes and concepts under the analytic tradition. The potentially critical tenor of continental philosophy threatens to be ‘solved’ by this subsumption. ‘Normal philosophy’, with its emphasis on rational-normative argumentation, risks leading to a state philosophy that fits in with existing policy questions, ignoring systemic and structural power inequalities. I argue that the journal Krisis, in keeping with its original principles, should hang on to critical philosophical reflection, which today is needed more than ever, specifically – pace current right-wing and left-wing populist attacks on identity politics – on systemic, multiple forms of deprivation and oppression.
Estudios en la germinación y propagación in vitro de tres especies de Leguminosae: Calopogonium sp.,Stylosantes capitata Y Cassia moschata.
Authors: Maiquetía Melvin , Vargas Edith Teresa , Toro García Marcia , García de García Eva Cristina 
Published: December 2020

Calopogonium sp., Stylosanthes capitata y Cassia moschata, leguminosas de importancia en los ecosistemas de sabanas, presentan limitaciones en su cultivo debido a la latencia de sus semillas. En este trabajo se analizó la germinación de las semillas en cámara húmeda, y en condiciones in vitro, cultivándolas en medio Murashige y Skoog (1962). Las semillas previamente se sometieron a escarificación con etanol (Calopogonium sp.), e inmersión en ácido sulfúrico (C. moschata y S. capitata). En cámara húmeda, los valores de germinación fueron: Calopogonium sp., 60%, C. moschata 40%, de S. capitata 8%. La germinación in vitro, a los 21 días de cultivo para Calopogonium sp., fue del 100%, para S. capitata de 85% y para C. moschata de 65%. Para establecer una propagación masiva, se cultivaron in vitro, microesquejes aislados de plántulas obtenidas por germinación. Se analizaron tres medios de multiplicación constituidos por medios MS (1962) suplementados con benciladenina (0,5; 1; 1,5 mg L-1), denominados MS1, MS2 y MS3, respectivamente. Calopogonium sp., en MS2 y MS3 presentó formación y multiplicación de brotes, siendo mayor en MS3 (5 brotes/explante). C. moschata formó brotes en MS3 (1,66 brotes/explante). S. capitata formó brotes en los tres medios, alcanzando 7,5 brotes/explantes en el MS3