bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifestyle Changes for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - A 2015-19 Update
Authors: Petroni Maria L. , Brodosi Lucia , Barbanti Francesca A. , di Domizio Silvia , Petta Salvo , Marchesini Giulio 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Lifestyle interventions aimed at weight loss have been associated with improved liver
enzymes, reduced intrahepatic triglyceride content, and improved histology (including reduced fibrosis stage).

Objective:
To revise the evidence on the beneficial effects of lifestyle changes accumulated since 2015, following
the publication of the pivotal Cuban experience with histologic outcome.

Methods:
A PubMed search covering the period 2015 to July 2019 was carried out. All retrieved references were
analyzed and double-checked by authors.

Results:
20 new studies were identified; in addition, two relevant studies provided new evidence. Thirteen studies
were classified as randomized, controlled studies, three as proof-of-concept/pilot studies, four as cohort observational
studies. In an attempt to maintain a closer contact between participants and the treatment center, a study
implemented regular phone calls, another an e-mail service, a third was based on text messages, and finally, a
study was totally web-based. Notably, the web-based treatment, accessed following intense motivational interviewing,
was not less effective than a standard group-based behavior program.

Conclusion:
Lifestyle changes should form the basis of any NAFLD intervention. Information technology provides
the opportunity to expand treatment, bypassing job and time constraints in younger patients, and to maintain
long-term contact between patients and therapists in the NAFLD population.
JAK/STAT3 Pathway in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells During Trefoil Factor 3(TFF3) Mediated Cell Migration
Authors: Zhuang Mengmeng , Le Juan , Zhu Bo , Zhang Wenwen , Yan Hao , Zhang Pan , Wang Ting , Sun Yong 
Published: February 2020

Objective:Trefoil factor family is expressed in several tissues of the body and provides gastric and intestinal protection and healing. This research aims to indicate the mechanism involved in its function.Methods:The intestinal epithelial cells were pretreated with JAK inhibitor AG490 or the concentration of 60ug/ml human recombinant trefoil factor, while the levels of phospho-STAT3, E-cadherin and N-cadherin were detected by Western Blotting. The levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases, Ecadherin and N-cadherin were evaluated by quantitative real time PCR. The cell migration was assessed by the transwell assay and the scratch assay. The immunofluorescence method was performed to detect the reduction of molecular E-cadherin.Results:hTFF3 activates the JAK/STAT3 pathway in HT-29 cells. The effect of JAK/STAT3 pathway mechanism on cell migration promoted by hTFF3. TFF3 promoting cell migration is associated with increased gene transcription of MMPs. hTFF3 alters E-cadherin expression. hTFF3 activates the expression of N-cadherin and down-regulates E-cadherin expression in HT-29 Cells.Conclusion:We have shown that TFF3 activated the JAK/STAT3 pathway. TFF3 increased the level of Matrix Metalloproteinases and N-cadherin, decreased that of E-cadherin, while AG490 had the opposite effect. TFF3 accelerated cell migration and the AG490 relieved the migrating rate to control the levels. TFF3 activated JAK/STAT3 pathway which was associated with intestinal epithelial cell migration.
Induction of Apoptosis by Nano-Synthesized Complexes of H2L and its Cu(II) Complex in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Diab Thoria , Mohamed Tarek M. , Hamed Alaa , Gaber Mohamed 
Published: February 2020

Background:Chemotherapy is currently the most utilized treatment for cancer. Therapeutic potential of metal complexes in cancer therapy has attracted a lot of interest. The mechanisms of action of most organometallic complexes are poorly understood.Objective:This study was designed to explore the mechanisms governing the anti-proliferative effect of the free ligand N1,N6-bis((2-hydroxynaphthalin-1-yl)methinyl)) adipohydrazone (H2L) and its complexes of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II).Methods:Cells were exposed to H2L or its metal complexes where cell viability determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle was analysed by flow cytometry. In addition, qRT-PCR was used to monitor the expression of Bax and Bcl-2. Moreover, molecular docking was carried out to find the potentiality of Cu(II) complex as an inhibitor of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA). ADA, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and reduced Glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in the most affected cancer cell line.Results:The obtained results demonstrated that H2L and its Cu(II) complex exhibited a strong cytotoxic activity compared to other complexes against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 4.14±0.036μM/ml and 3.2±0.02μM/ml), respectively. Both H2L and its Cu(II) complex induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells. Additionally, they induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells via upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. Interestingly, the activity of ADA was decreased by 2.8 fold in HepG2 cells treated with Cu(II) complex compared to untreated cells. An increase of SOD activity and GSH level in HepG2 cells compared to control was observed.Conclusion:The obtained results demonstrated that H2L and its Cu(II) complex exhibited a strong cytotoxic activity compared to other complexes against HepG2 cells (IC50=4.14±0.036μM/ml and 3.2±0.02μM/ml), respectively. Both H2L and its Cu(II) complex induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells. Additionally, they induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells via upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. Interestingly, the activity of ADA was decreased by 2.8 fold in HepG2 cells treated with Cu(II) complex compared to untreated cells. An increase of SOD activity and GSH level in HepG2 cells compared to control was observed.
Implementasi nilai-nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran PKn
Authors: Mazid Sukron , Suharno Suharno 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan 1.) Bagaimana implementasi; 2.) Faktor pendukung; 3.) Hambatan dalam implementasi nilai-nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran PKn di MA Ali Maksum Krapyak Yogyakarta. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan kualitatif. Penentuan subjek dengan purposive. Teknik pengumpulan data observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara. Keabsahan data diperoleh dengan teknik trianggulasi sumber. Teknik analisis dengan reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi dilakukan dengan dua tataran: a.) Konseptual melalui visi, misi, tujuan, sedangkan b.) Operasional melalui pertama perencanaan pembelajaran, kedua pelaksanaan pembelajaran melalui: 1.) Menanamkan nilai untuk bersikap toleransi, menghargai, demokrasi, keadilan, kese-taraan dan menghormati keragaman; 2.) Metode yang demokratis, kooperatif dan bervariasi; 3.) Materi yang diajarkan mengandung wawasan keragaman, persitiwa dan masalah sosial; 4.) Melatih peserta didik untuk memecahkan masalah-masalah sosial; dan 5.) Media pembelajaran dengan media yang bervariasi. Ketiga evaluasi pembelajaran. Faktor-fakor pendukung adalah peran kepala sekolah, peran guru, kurikulum sekolah, media pembelajaran, kegiatan dan program sekolah, iklim sekolah, dan peserta didik. Hambatan yaitu kurangnya kesiapan dan kesadaran peserta didik, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana, dan minimnya ruang untuk melakukan refleksi. AbstractThis research aims to reveal 1.) How the implementation; 2.) Factor supporting; 3.) Obstacles for the implementation of values multicultural in teaching Pkn in MA Ali Maksum Krapyak Yogyakarta. Approach the research uses qualitative. The determination of the subject with the purposive. Technique data collection observation, documentation, interview. The validity of data is collected to technique trianggulasi source. Technique analysis by reduction data, cereal offering data, and the withdrawal of drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the implementation of be done with two landscape a.) conceptual through vision, mission, the purpose and b.) operational through first planning learning. Second presentation weighting through; 1.) Imparting value to be tolerance, appreciate, democracy, justice, equality and respecting diversity; 2.) The method of democratic, cooperative and vary; 3.) The materials given containing insight diversity, 3 and a social issue; 4.) Train school tuition to tackle problems social; and 5.) The media teaching to the media varying. Third evaluation teaching. Supporting factor-factor is the role of the head school, the teacher, school curriculum, media teaching, activities and school program, climate school, and school tuition. Obstacles that is lack of readiness and awareness school tuition, lack of facilities and infrastructure, and inadequate room to make reflection.
DOSE-DEPENDENT CHRONIC TOXICITY SCREENING OF HINOKITIOL IN ZEBRAFISHES: BEHAVIORAL AND HISTOLOGICAL APPROACH
Authors: KRISHNAPRIYA MADHU VARIER  , SUMATHI THANGARAJAN  
Published: February 2020

Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is categorized as a movement disorder symptomized by weakening the motor skills of the patients. The root cause of the disease is the neurodegenerative dopaminergic loss in the substantia nigra of the patient’s brain. This havoc disease majorly affects the people above the age of 60 years. Moreover, PD incidences strike almost 70% of the neurological disorders of the aged population worldwide. There are no perfect curative drugs in the medical world for the disease. Since the past few decades, several plant secondary compounds were in preclinical trials to treat this disease. Hinokitiol (HIN), a monoterpenoid from the heartwood of cupressaceous plants, is widely used in hair tonics, toothpaste, cosmetics, and food as an antimicrobial agent. It is well reported as an anti-stroke agent as well.
Methods: In the present study, the dose-dependent (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg/kg) chronic toxicity of HIN was studied for 28 days using zebrafishes. The toxicity was analyzed in vital organs such as brain, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, and blood count followed by behavioral toxicity to target the drug against parkinsonism.
Results: The study revealed that the higher doses of 20 and 25 mg/kg HIN treatment were toxic to the fish brain, spleen, as well as cardiomyocytes. It showed a variation in blood count as well at 10 mg/kg dose itself.
Conclusion: Hence, the study revealed the protective efficacy of the HIN at its therapeutic dosage of 5 mg/kg as a neuroprotective drug, with minimal vital organ toxicities.
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF BARLERIA LONGIFLORA LEAF EXTRACTS
Authors: JOTHIMUNIYANDI M  , JAYACHITRA A  
Published: February 2020

Objective: The aim of this present study is to estimate the antioxidant potential found in the leaves of Barleria longiflora that belongs to the family Acanthacea.
Methods: Antioxidant activity of six different solvent extracts system of B. longiflora leaves was assayed for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical activity, scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ferric reducing antioxidant activity, metal chelating ability assay, and total reducing ability. Total phenolic content of the extracts was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu method.
Results: The radical scavenging activity was evaluated by DPPH of ethanol extract at concentration of 100 μg/mg was found to be 56.5% followed by methanol 48.4%, whereas maximum scavenging of H2O2 was observed in ethanol 83.4% followed by chloroform 70.8%. Ethanolic extract of B. longiflora leaves showed the highest value in ferric reducing antioxidant power assay 74.8%, metal chelating activity 61.6%, and total reducing ability 0.76±0.02 when compared to the standard ascorbic acid.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract has the highest activity in compared to other five extracts of B. longiflora leaves.
EFFECT OF EPIPHYTES EXTRACT ON THE PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN THE CROP SEEDLINGS CHALLENGED WITH FUNGAL PATHOGENS
Authors: HAMZAH JUMAH ESSA BARKAH  , LOKESH S  
Published: February 2020

Objectives: The objective of the present study to test the angiospermic epiphytes such as Bulbophyllum propinquum and Dendrophthoe falcata for their effect against some pathogenic fungi of sorghum, paddy and chilli, through seed treatment and foliar spray in challenging with the infectivity of the pathogens.
Methods: The plant extracts were carried out by the Soxhlet extraction method and culture of pathogenic fungi were cultured and maintained in vitro for further use. The peroxidase (POX) enzyme activity in the seedlings was measured spectrophotometrically at 300 nm and expressed as Δ optical density 300 nm/min/mg protein.
Results: The results of this study indicated 92 and 98% seed germination in the control samples, respectively. In the chilli and paddy which were reduced to 64 and 58% in seedlings inoculated with Colletotrichum dematium, Drechslera oryzae, correspondingly. Similar observation was made in sorghum samples on treatment with Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum, whose germination was drastically reduced to 74 and 69% compared to control (92%). In all the cases, seed treated with epiphytes extracts indicated the stimulated germination over pathogen inoculated samples. In parallel to this, the peroxidase assay also indicated its diminished/reduced activity in pathogen treated seedlings of the selected crop species. Seedlings of epiphytes extract treatment challenged with respective pathogens showed an increased activity over only pathogen treated samples.
Conclusion: The results clearly indicated the influence of POX in early growing stages of the seedlings corresponds to 12–72 h of incubation in spite of pathogenic activity. Thus, it proved the loss of enzyme activity seedlings on pathogen infection. Contrastingly, POX activity in the seedlings irrespective of the crop species remained high during the early growth stages of the seedlings.
POTENTIAL ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF CUMINUM CYMINUM AND BORAGO OFFICINALIS IN RATS AND MICE
Authors: GIHAN F ASAAD  , ALAA Q REDAI  , ALAA O HAKAMI  , FATIMAH Y GHAZWANI  , YOUSRA NOMIER  , SAEED ALSHAHRANI  
Published: February 2020

Objective: Our research aimed to study the potential therapeutic effect of Cuminum cyminum and Borago officinalis seed oil against inflammation induced by carrageenan as well as its central and peripheral analgesic effect.
Methods: The anti-inflammatory effect was determined by measuring the edema rate and inhibition rate using Plethysmometer. Writhing test and hot plate test were used to determine the peripheral and central analgesic effect, respectively.
Key Findings: Significant anti-inflammatory effects were witnessed for all the drugs at different dose levels in the results. Substantial analgesic effect against both peripheral and central pain induction was also incurred on administration of all doses of C. cyminum and B. officinalis seed oil.
Conclusion: The C. cyminum and B. officinalis seed oil has potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT IN SOME SELECTED NEPALESE MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: KHAREL RUPAK , RAJ SHARMA KHAGA 
Published: February 2020

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant potential, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in nine selected medicinal plants Spondias pinnata, Melia azedarach, Ageratina adenophora, Urtica dioica, Curcuma longa, Bauhinia variegata, Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume, Achyranthes aspera, and Psidium guajava from Kavre district of Nepal using in vitro studies.
Methods: Methanolic plant extracts were prepared by cold percolation method. The methanol extract of nine medicinal plants collected from Kavre district of Nepal, was screened for assessing bioactive phytoconstituents followed by antioxidant property, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. Different plants collected were powdered and extracted with methanol, concentrated by a rotatory evaporator and analyzed for the presence of phytochemicals. The antioxidant potential of the plant extracts was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay.
Results: The phytochemical analysis of methanolic extracts of all nine medicinal plants displayed the presence of various secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and quinones. The extract of S. pinnata showed the highest percentage of radical scavenging activity up to 87.94±1.88 with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) 17.51±1.27 μg/mL, followed by B. variegata, 80.63±1.06 with IC50 value 26.55±2.61 μg/mL. The standard, ascorbic acid has IC50 value of 20.13±1.17 μg/mL. Further, the ethyl acetate fraction of S. pinnata showed the maximum percentage of radical scavenging (85.92±1.37) with IC50 value of 46.95±1.17 μg/mL. Moreover, S. pinnata displayed the highest total phenolic content (TPC) 48.26±1.23 mg GAE/g (milligram gallic acid equivalent per gram) extract while the highest flavonoid content was displayed by Melia azedarach 41.07±1.53 mg QE/g (milligram quercetin equivalent per gram) extract measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method.
Conclusions: The preliminary results of this study have put forward the extract of S. pinnata showed the highest percentage of radical scavenging activity and S. pinnata displayed the highest TPC while the highest flavonoid content was displayed by Melia azedarach methanolic extracts although the further studies are needed to assess its mechanism of action.
EFFECT OF SALACIA OBLONGA ROOT EXTRACT AGAINST CLINICAL ISOLATES STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: ANANTHULA MOUNIKA  , BHARGAVI POKALA  , MD. ZAHOORULLAH S , ANJANEYULU MUSINI  
Published: February 2020

Objective: Salacia oblonga Wall. is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family Celastraceae. The study reports the effect of S. oblonga root extracts against clinical isolate Staphylococcus aureus
Methods: Antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar diffusion method and assay for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extract. Further, the effect of S. oblonga extract determined by DNA fragmentation and respiratory dehydrogenase enzyme activity assays.
Results: S. oblonga ethyl acetate root extract was evaluated for antibacterial activity towards clinical isolate S. aureus. Bacterial growth was determined in treated and control cells. Extract displayed good growth inhibition and MIC of the extract was 80 μg/ml. DNA fragmentation assay was carried out, this result has shown that treated bacterial cell has DNA damage compared to the control cell. Further, respiratory dehydrogenase enzyme activity was determined. In the treated cells, enzyme activity was low compared to the control cells.
Conclusion: Salacia oblonga root extract inhibiting the growth of S. aureus by different modes of action.
Modelo propuesto para la identificación y predicción de bancos en dificultades, según el contexto del Comité de Supervisión Bancaria de Basilea
Authors: Gutiérrez Ramírez Dulce María , Gaggero Sager Luis Manuel , Marín Hernández Salvador , Muñoz Black Celso Joaquín 
Published: February 2020

<p>Este trabajo propone, y describe, una investigación empírica cuyo objetivo es determinar un modelo para la identificación (la cual forma parte de las orientaciones del BCBS de 2002 y de 2015<sup>(1)</sup>) y la predicción de bancos en dificultades, ya que la detección de una de ellas es una de las propiedades deseables de cualquier sistema de alarma (Labatut, <em>et</em>. <em>al</em>., 2009). El modelo se basa en la aplicación del análisis discriminante a nueve bancos mexicanos en 1999, año que fue clave para la estabilidad y certidumbre del sistema financiero mexicano con la publicación de la LPAB<sup>(2)</sup> y la creación del IPAB<sup>(3)</sup>. Los indicadores financieros considerados han sido utilizados por Beaver, Altman y Ayala, y el contexto de estos indicadores está incluido actualmente dentro de los marcos de Basilea II y III<sup>(4)</sup>. Con la función discriminante obtenida del modelo propuesto y con base en el estudio del caso, el modelo se probó con nueve bancos mexicanos, que estuvieron en la crisis bancaria mexicana, lo cual dio un resultado del 100% en la identificación de su respectiva situación financiera. Además, se predijo esta situación para cuatro bancos mexicanos en el periodo 2000-2008 y un banco de los Estados Unidos, afectado por la crisis <em>sub-prime</em>, para el periodo 2000‑2010; la predicción basada en los resultados empíricos concuerda, en general, con los informes anuales del IPAB y con las opiniones de los presidentes del banco estadounidense. Se concluye que el modelo propuesto puede utilizarse, adicionalmente a los modelos de alerta temprana institucionales, para predecir si un banco está o no en dificultades considerando, además de los recursos propios, la provisión para pérdidas crediticias. Es necesario señalar que, dada la complejidad matemática del análisis discriminante y a las hipótesis involucradas, se implementaron técnicas estadísticas y algoritmos para su desarrollo.</p>
TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO DE CANINO INCLUSO EM REGIÃO MENTUAL: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Figueiredo de Brito Resende Rodrigo 
Published: February 2020

RESUMOO dente denominado incluso nada mais é que um dente retido ou impactado dentro do alvéolo dentário de maneira parcial ou completa que não conseguiu erupcionar por motivos patológicos ou simplesmente anatômicos após o período de rizogênese. O canino, em especial, é de suma importância sob os pontos de vista estético e funcional. O deslocamento do canino incluso ultrapassando, ou se aproximando da linha média antes da erupção dentária do mesmo, é mais frequente na mandíbula do que na maxila. Este trabalho tem por objetivo descrever o caso de um paciente de 21 anos que apresentava um canino incluso na região mentual, em posição transversal, inicialmente visualizado em uma radiografia periapical e posteriormente submetido a radiografia com a técnica de Donavan. Através de uma radiografia oclusal, foi possível observar o posicionamento do dente para a vestibular mentoniana e íntima relação do dente retido com as raízes dos incisivos centrais decíduos do paciente. Foi realizada a extração do dente retido no mento, removendo o mesmo por completo sendo feitas osteotomias e odontossecções. O paciente está em acompanhamento clínico à 1 ano após o tratamento cirúrgico.Palavras – chave: Dente incluso; Cirurgia Oral; Imaginologia. ABSTRACTThe tooth inserted is nothing more than a tooth retained or impacted within the dental socket partially or completely that failed to erupt for pathological or simply anatomical reasons after the period of rhizogenesis. The canine, in particular, is of the utmost importance from the aesthetic and functional points of view. The displacement of the canine, even surpassing or approaching the midline before tooth eruption, is more frequent in the mandible than in the maxilla. This work aims to describe the case of a 21 - year - old patient who had a canine included in the mental region, in a transverse position, which was initially visualized on a periapical radiograph and later submitted to radiography with the Donavan technique. An occlusal radiograph showed the positioning of the tooth for the mental vestibular and the intima relationship of the retained tooth with the roots of the patient's central deciduous incisors. Removal of the tooth retained in the denture was performed, removing the tooth completely and osteotomies and odontosections were performed. The patient is in clinical follow-up at 1 year after the surgical treatment. key words: Tooth included; Oral surgery; Imaginology.