bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurosurgical procedures for children with myelomeningocele after fetal or postnatal surgery: a comparative effectiveness study
Authors: Worley Gordon , Greenberg Rachel G , Rocque Brandon G , Liu Tiebin , Dicianno Brad E , Castillo Jonathan P , Ward Elisabeth A , Williams Tonya R , Blount Jeffrey P , Wiener John S 
Published: January 2021

AimTo compare the frequencies of neurosurgical procedures to treat comorbid conditions of myelomeningocele in patients who underwent fetal surgery versus postnatal surgery for closure of the placode.MethodBy utilizing the National Spina Bifida Patient Registry in a comparative effectiveness study, 298 fetal surgery patients were matched by birthdate (±3mo) and spina bifida clinic site with one to three postnatal surgery patients (n=648). Histories were obtained by record review on enrollment and yearly subsequently. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to compare frequencies of procedures between cohorts, with adjustments for sex, ethnicity, insurance status, spinal segmental level of motor function, age at last visit recorded in the Registry, and, for shunt revision in shunted patients, age at cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion.ResultsThe median age at last visit was 4 years. In fully adjusted analyses in patients aged at least 12 months old, fetal surgery was associated with decreased frequency of CSF diversion for hydrocephalus by ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion or endoscopic third ventriculostomy compared with postnatal surgery (46% vs 79%; incidence rate ratio=0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.71; p<0.01). Over all ages, fetal surgery was associated with decreased frequency of Chiari decompression for brainstem dysfunction (3% vs 7%; incidence rate ratio=0.41; 95% CI 0.19–0.88; p=0.02). Also over all ages, differences were not significant in frequencies of shunt revision in shunted patients (53% vs 55%; incidence rate ratio=0.87; 95% CI 0.69–1.11; p=0.27), nor tethered cord release for acquired spinal cord dysfunction (18% vs 16%; incidence rate ratio=1.11; 95% CI 0.84–1.47; p=0.46).InterpretationEven with the variations inherent in clinical practice, fetal surgery was associated with lower frequencies of CSF diversion and of Chiari decompression, independent of covariates.
What this paper adds

Fetal surgery was associated with lower frequencies of cerebrospinal fluid diversion and decompression of Chiari II malformation than postnatal surgery.

Frequencies of ventriculoperitoneal shunt revision and tethered cord release were not significantly different between cohorts.
Participation predictors for leisure‐time physical activity intervention in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Reedman Sarah E , Boyd Roslyn N , Ziviani Jenny , Elliott Catherine , Ware Robert S , Sakzewski Leanne 
Published: January 2021

AimTo determine the predictors of magnitude of change in response to a participation‐focused leisure‐time physical activity intervention in children with cerebral palsy (CP) using the ParticiPAte CP protocol.MethodWe included 33 children (16 males, 17 females) aged 8 to 12 years (mean age=10y, SD=1y 6mo) with CP with pre/postintervention data from a wait‐list randomized trial. The hypothesized linear predictors of change in primary outcomes (Canadian Occupational Performance Measure [COPM]‐performance and COPM‐satisfaction, Belief in Goal Self‐Competence Scale (BiGSS), and minutes per day moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) were: age; Gross Motor Function Classification System level; comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD); Goal Attainment Scaling T score; Problems in Schools Questionnaire; Physical Activity Climate Questionnaire; Motives for Physical Activities Measure‐Revised; and stage of behaviour change. Multivariable models were selected using the Bayesian information criterion.ResultsOvercoming barriers to participation, age, and comorbid ASD explained 49% of the variance in change in COPM‐performance. Being motivated by interest and/or enjoyment and age explained 32% of the variance in change in COPM‐satisfaction. Being motivated by physical activity competence or appearance (extrinsic motivation) explained 24% of the variance in change in BiGSS. Parental autonomy supportiveness, overcoming barriers to participation, appearance motivation, and baseline MVPA explained 59% of the variance in change in MVPA.InterpretationThese findings support a behaviour paradigm for conceptualizing physical activity in children with CP.What this paper adds

Children who met their treatment goals showed a greater increase in physical activity participation.

Children who were more intrinsically motivated by physical activity at baseline improved more.

Being older and having a comorbid diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder were associated with an attenuated effect of the therapy.
Early hearing loss induces plasticity within extra‐striate visual cortex
Authors: Meredith M. Alex , Kay John M. , Lomber Stephen G. , Clemo H. Ruth 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSupranormal perceptual performance has been observed within the intact senses of early‐deaf or blind humans and animals. For cortical areas deprived of their normal sensory input, numerous studies have shown that the lesioned modality is replaced by that of the intact sensory modalities through a process termed crossmodal plasticity. In contrast, little is known about the effects of loss of a particular sensory modality on the cortical representations of the remaining, intact sensory modalities. In the present study, an area of extrastriate visual cortex from early‐deaf adult cats was examined for features of dendritic plasticity known to occur after early‐deafness. Using light‐microscopy of Golgi‐stained pyramidal neurons from the posterolateral lateral suprasylvian (PLLS) cortex, dendritic spine density significantly increased (~19%), while spine head size was slightly but significantly decreased (~9%) following early hearing loss. Curiously, these changes were not localized to regions of the visual PLLS known to receive auditory inputs, but instead showed a broad pattern more reflective of the distribution of the area's visual features. Whereas hearing loss results in crossmodal plasticity in auditory cortices, the same peripheral lesion can also induce intramodal plasticity within representations of the intact sensory systems that may also contribute to supranormal performance.
Ag–Sr doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles loaded chitosan/gelatin coating for orthopedic implants
Authors: Aqib Raja , Kiani Sarang , Bano Shaher , Wadood Abdul , Ur Rehman Muhammad Atiq 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, we investigated surface and biological properties of Ag–Sr‐doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticle (Ag–Sr MBGN) loaded chitosan/gelatin coatings deposited by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) on 316L stainless steel. The EPD parameters, that is, deposition time, applied voltage, and distance between the electrodes was optimized by the Taguchi design of experiment (DoE) approach. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images illustrated the spherical morphology of the synthesized Ag–Sr MBGNs with the mean particle size of 160 ± 20 nm. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy results confirmed the presence of Ag and Sr in the synthesized MBGNs. Optimum EPD parameters determined by DoE approach were 5 g/L of Ag–Sr MBGNs, deposition time of 5 min, and applied voltage of 30 V. SEM images confirmed that the coatings were fairly homogenous. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and EDX results confirmed the presence of chitosan, gelatin, and Ag–Sr MBGNs in the coatings. Chitosan/gelatin/Ag–Sr MBGN composite coatings exhibited suitable wettability for the protein attachment and proliferation of osteoblast cells. The composite coatings exhibited suitable adhesion strength with the substrate. The coatings developed HA crystals upon immersion in simulated body fluid. The results of the turbidity test confirmed that the coatings are antibacterial to the Escherichia coli cells.
Microstructures and tribological behaviors of Cf/C‐SiC composites tailored by Cu and Fe‐Si matrices
Authors: Li Jinwei , Xiao Peng , Li Zhuan , Zhou Peng , Chen Fu , Li Yang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTernary Cu‐Fe‐Si alloy were applied to modify tribological behavior of carbon fiber/carbon‐silicon carbide (Cf/C‐SiC) composites by reactive melt infiltration. Microstructures, physical properties and tribological properties on a full‐scale train brake test rig of the modified composites were studied. Results indicate that both Cu and Fe‐Si alloy as matrices lead to significantly enhanced thermal conductivity and compressive strength for Cf/C‐SiC composites. Moreover, the average friction coefficient of the modified composites is between 0.25 and 0.55, which is higher than that of copper metal matrix composites. In addition, the average volume wear rate of the modified composites is only 0.168 cm3/MJ. The Cf/C‐SiC composites modified by Cu and Fe‐Si alloy with improved physical properties and tribological properties meet the technical requirement and show high application potential in express train brake systems.
Effect of the thickness of nickel film interlayer on direct‐bonded aluminum/alumina as substrate in high‐power devices
Authors: Chao Wei‐Che , Lin Chien‐Cheng , Lin Kun‐Lin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAluminum (Al) was successfully bonded with alumina (Al2O3) using Ni films of different thicknesses (3, 6, 12 μm) through electroplating and electroless plating processes after annealing at the relatively low melting point of Al. The microstructure, bonding area percentage, shear strength, and thermal conductivity of Al/Al2O3 joints were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, scanning acoustic tomography (SAT), the ISO 13124 test, and the laser flash method respectively. No reaction layer was found at the interface of the Al/Al2O3 joint, and the Ni film diffused completely into Al to form an intermetallic compound, Al3Ni, in the Al foil. The amount and size of the Al3Ni phase in the Al foil increased gradually with the thickness of the Ni film. The samples with Ni deposited via electroplating had a higher shear stress and bonding area than the samples with Ni deposited via electroless plating. The Al/Al2O3 specimen with a 3‐μm‐thick Ni film interlayer deposited using electroplating had the highest shear strength (50.6 MPa), thermal conductivity (39.45 W/mK), and bonding area percentage (~99.97%); therefore, specimens produced under these conditions were considered suitable for use as a substrate in high‐power devices.
Non‐isothermal kinetic study of high‐grade magnesite thermal decomposition and morphological evolution of MgO
Authors: Hou Qingdong , Luo Xudong , Li Meiting , An Di , Xie Zhipeng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThermal decomposition was the prerequisite and basis for the utilization of magnesite resources. However, the calcination of magnesite was usually accompanied by high energy consumption, which not only caused serious waste of magnesite resources, but also restricted its high value‐added utilization. Therefore, calcination conditions were the key to controlling thermal decomposition process of magnesite. The kinetics of high‐grade magnesite thermal decomposition was elaborated by non‐isothermal thermogravimetric analysis, and meanwhile the effect of heating rate on the magnesite thermal decomposition reaction and morphology of MgO particles were characterized. Both Doyle and Gorbatchev approximate functions were used to simulate the magnesite thermal decomposition process, where the experimental data (correlation coefficient) fitted by the latter could obtain more acceptable kinetic parameters of the magnesite thermal decomposition. The good linear relationship between the activation energy and the pre‐finger factor allowed for a kinetic compensation of the thermal decomposition of magnesite. Furthermore, higher heating rate induced the formation of terraced grains, grain network group, cubic grains, and spherical grains for the samples sintered at 1200°C. The heating rate largely affected the magnesite particle morphology, grain size distribution and activity, and also provided important technical indicators in the actual production of magnesia refractory raw materials.
GATA1 mutation analysis and molecular landscape characterization in acute myeloid leukemia with trisomy 21 in pediatric patients
Authors: Panferova Agnesa , Gaskova Marina , Nikitin Eugenyi , Baryshev Pavel , Timofeeva Natalia , Kazakova Anna , Matveev Viktor , Mikhailova Ekaterina , Popov Alexander , Kalinina Irina , Hachatrian Lili , Maschan Aleksey , Maschan Michael , Novichkova Galina , Olshanskaya Yulia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionAccurate detection of GATA1 mutation is highly significant in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and trisomy 21 as it allows optimization of clinical protocol. This study was aimed at (a) enhanced search for GATA1 mutations; and (b) characterization of molecular landscapes for such conditions.MethodsThe DNA samples from 44 patients with newly diagnosed de novo AML with trisomy 21 were examined by fragment analysis and Sanger sequencing of the GATA1 exon 2, complemented by targeted high‐throughput sequencing (HTS).ResultsAcquired GATA1 mutations were identified in 43 cases (98%). Additional mutations in the genes of JAK/STAT signaling, cohesin complex, and RAS pathway activation were revealed by HTS in 48%, 36%, and 16% of the cases, respectively.ConclusionsThe GATA1 mutations were reliably determined by fragment analysis and/or Sanger sequencing in a single PCR amplicon manner. For patients with extremely low blast counts and/or rare variants, the rapid screening with simple molecular approaches must be complemented with HTS. The JAK/STAT and RAS pathway‐activating mutations may represent an extra option of targeted therapy with kinase inhibitors.
Exploring pedagogies used in undergraduate mental health nursing curriculum: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Goh Yong‐Shian , Owyong Jenna Qing Yun , Seetoh Yu‐Ting Michelle , Hu Yanan , Chng Mui‐Lee , Li Ziqiang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe growing demand of mental health services among the population and the stigma associated with mental health conditions have resulted in a shortage of skilled nurses competent in delivering quality care to persons experiencing mental health conditions. This suggests the need to develop a systematic and comprehensive curriculum to prepare nursing students for a career in mental health nursing. An integrative review on empirical studies was conducted based on Cooper’s five‐stage integrative review framework to investigate the different pedagogies and to highlight the elements of an effective curriculum for teaching mental health nursing. All quantitative, qualitative, and mixed‐method studies published between 2009 and 2019 that examined pedagogies in mental health nursing for nursing undergraduates were included in this review. Databases of interest included PubMed, Cochrane, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. To ensure methodological rigour and validity, the 23 included studies were independently evaluated by two authors through critical appraisal tools developed by Joanna Briggs Institute for quantitative and qualitative studies. Results from this review were categorized into three themes: (i) the deployment of simulation; (ii) pedagogies in enhancing critical thinking; and (iii) importance of consumer‐oriented educational experiences. These results suggested that students would benefit substantially from in‐depth discussions, critical reflections, and real‐life experiences. Mental health nursing curricula should incorporate simulations, pedagogies for critical thinking, and consumers’ lived experience to supplement the clinical rotations.
Asymptotic analysis of radial vibration of thin piezoelectric disks
Authors: Xiong Xiangming , Li Xiaotian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe one‐dimensional radial vibration model of piezoelectric disks has been widely used to determine the relevant material coefficients from admittance measurements. However, the one‐dimensional model assumes infinitely thin disks, and therefore cannot predict their axial displacements. We extend the one‐dimensional model by performing an asymptotic analysis of the axisymmetric radial vibration of thin disks. The asymptotic expansions include the asymptotic axial displacement and the second‐order corrections to the admittance and the radial displacement in the one‐dimensional model. We verify the asymptotic expansions and the one‐dimensional model with the Chebyshev tau method. In the one‐dimensional model, the frequencies of the maximum admittance in the first and second radial modes are accurate to 1% for Pz27 disks with thickness‐to‐diameter ratios of 0.15 and 0.065, respectively. For a general piezoelectric disk in the forced vibration, the error of in the one‐dimensional model can be estimated from the second‐order correction of the asymptotic resonance frequency in the free vibration.
Microstructural and electrical changes in Ca0.9R0.1CeNbMoO8 (R = Y, Sm, Nd, La) ceramics induced by rare‐earth ion doping
Authors: Liu Yafei , Fu Zhilong , Chen Xingyu , Wei Yaxin , Zhang Bo , Chang Aimin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRare‐earth ions doped Ca0.9R0.1CeNbMoO8 (R = Y, Sm, Nd, La) ceramics have been successfully prepared by solid‐state method, and their modifications to the microstructure and electrical properties are also investigated. The rare‐earth ions doped ceramics exhibit the scheelite structure. With the increase in the radius of rare‐earth ions, the lattice distortion and bond interaction will be enhanced, and the consistency of grain size will be reduced. The ceramics exhibit negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor characteristics in the temperature range of 473 K‐1273 K, and the activation energy decreases with the increase of the radius of rare‐earth ions. Rare‐earth ions doping can increase the content of Ce3+ ions and promote the conductivity of ceramics. Except for Sm3+‐doped ceramics, the high‐temperature aging rate of other ceramics is less than 2%. The existence of some metastable Sm2+ ions in Sm3+‐doped ceramics not only increases the activation energy, but also reduces the high‐temperature stability of the ceramics.
The obligation of parents with COVID‐19 positivity to stay separated from their children
Authors: Yavaş Çelik Melike 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the experience of parents with coronavirus disease 2019 which demanded they separate from their children.Design and MethodDesigned as a descriptive and qualitative study; the interviews were guided by a questionnaire developed by researchers in light of the relevant literature.FindingsIt was determined that the obligation of parents to stay separate from their children caused difficulties such as finding someone to take care of their children, coping with the emotions related to being separated, and explaining this situation to their children.Practice ImplicationsWith this study, the difficulties experienced by parents who become ill and separated from their children were revealed. Approaches are suggested that can be used while determining solutions to these larger issues.
Cardiovascular risk assessment in children and adolescents with congenital solitary kidneys
Authors: Kasap‐Demir Belde , Soyaltın Eren , Arslansoyu‐Çamlar Seçil , Alparslan Caner , Alaygut Demet , Yavaşcan Önder , Demircan Tülay , Mutlubaş Fatma , Karadeniz Cem 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPatients with solitary kidneys (SKs) are at risk of hypertension (HT) and associated end‐organ damage. The authors aimed to evaluate whether children with congenital SKs (CSKs) have higher office, ambulatory, or central blood pressure (BP), increased arterial stiffness or left ventricular mass index, or any risk for arrhythmia. With this purpose, patients with CSK and healthy controls being followed up between January 2018 and June 2019 were enrolled in the study. Demographic, biochemical, and office blood pressure (BP) data were recorded. Then, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and measurements of central BP (cBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index (AIx@75) were obtained. Ventricular repolarization parameters were acquired by 12‐lead electrocardiography. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and abdominal aortic stiffness parameters including strain, pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep), and normalized Ep (Ep*) were calculated with echocardiographic measurements. Finally, 36 children with CSK and 36 healthy controls were included. Serum creatinine, uric acid, total cholesterol levels, ABPM parameters, cBP levels, and PWV values were significantly higher, and eGFR levels were significantly lower in the CSK group. VR parameters, abdominal aortic stiffness indices, and LVMI were similar between the groups. CSK increased the risk of HT in ABPM (HTABPM) by 6 times. PWV was significantly correlated with Ep and Ep* in cases with CSK. Determination of cBP and PWV along with 24‐hour ABPM would be a useful tool in children with CSK.
When to save or remove implants in the smile zone: A clinical report of maxillary lateral incisor implants in malposition
Authors: Tarnow Dennis P. , Chu Stephen J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe following is a clinical report addressing when to save or remove implants with esthetic deficiencies in the smile zone as well as the sequence and timing of interdisciplinary treatment.Clinical considerationsKey factors in the decision‐making process in treating implants in malposition are whether the implants are (1) in a reasonable restorative position, (2) free of disease, and (3) placed with adequate depth. This clinical report encompassed periodontal corrective surgery, non‐surgical soft tissue sculpting through subgingival crown contour, material selection for definitive restorations, and cementation techniques for cement‐retained restorations.Clinical significanceKnowledge and understanding of interdisciplinary treatment planning, sequencing, and respective techniques that can be implemented when confronting implants in malposition in the smile zone will allow the interdisciplinary team to achieve the desired esthetic restorative result.
Assessing oral health content in nondental professional association websites
Authors: Weintraub Jane A. , Jamison Alice R. , Rozier R. Gary , Atchison Kathryn A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesDetermine the prevalence and type of oral health (OH) content among nondental health professional associations' websites.MethodsFifty‐nine organizations were selected from three lists of health professional associations and categorized as physician‐, nurse‐ and other healthcare‐related professions. Eight dental search terms were used on searchable websites. Six types of OH information were collected. Websites were assessed for any OH content and comparisons made. Frequencies, chi‐square, and Fisher extract test statistics were calculated.ResultsThirty‐five (59 percent) of websites had any OH information content. Twenty (34 percent) had OH authored content, 10–19 percent had OH webpages, interest groups, or initiatives, CE courses or webinars, or curriculum information. The term “oral hygiene” gave the greatest yield and “dentistry” the least. No significant differences in existence of “Any OH content” was found between each organization type versus others.ConclusionMany nondental professional associations could increase OH website content and education with assistance from dental organizations.