bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The AO triangular external fixator: a backup option in the treatment of ankle fractures in geriatric patients?
Authors: Hennings Robert , Spiegl Ulrich J. , Fakler Johannes K. M. , Ahrberg Annette B. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the indications, radiological short-term outcomes, and complications of ankle fractures in geriatric patients treated with a triangular external fixator (AEF) until fracture healing. Furthermore, the effect of an additional osteosynthesis to AEF on the radiological outcome was investigated.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of ankle fractures treated in a Level I Trauma Center between 2005 and 2015 with an AEF in patients aged ≥ 65 years until fracture has healed. The combination of AEF and at least one additional osteosynthesis of a malleolus was defined as hybrid external fixator (HEF). At the time of AEF removal, a preserved ankle joint congruity was defined as good radiological outcome. Incongruity more than 2 mm was defined as poor radiologic results.

Results
16 patients (13 women, 3 men) with a mean age of 74 years (SD 6.2) were treated with AEF until fracture healing, 9 with a single AEF and 7 with a HEF. Stabilization with HEF (n = 7 [100%]) showed higher rates of good radiological outcome than AEF alone (n = 4 [44%] of 9; p = 0.034). The duration of therapy did not differ between HEF and AEF (70 day vs 77 days). 4 patients (22%) required surgical revision.

Conclusion
It could be shown that osteosynthesis in addition to AEF leads to a better radiological short-term results than using AEF alone. Therefore, in the situation where an AEF is considered as the definitive treatment option for an ankle fracture in geriatric patients with expected or existing soft tissue problems, it should be done or completed as a HEF.

Level of evidence
Therapeutic level IV.
Topology analysis of electric vehicles, with a focus on the traction battery
Authors: Nicoletti Lorenzo , Ostermann Franziska , Heinrich Maximilian , Stauber Alois , Lin Xue , Lienkamp Markus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOver recent years, the number of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) has drastically increased due to new European Union (EU) regulations. These regulations force vehicle manufacturers to adjust their product range in order to fulfill the imposed carbon dioxide limits. Such an adjustment enforces the usage of battery electric vehicles. However, research into the optimal BEV architectures and topologies is still in progress. Therefore, the aim of this paper is an analysis of all the current electric vehicle topologies. From this analysis, the authors identify different basic battery shapes. Subsequently, these shapes are used to describe the impact of the battery on the passenger compartment. As an initial result of this analysis, the authors create a new denomination method, via which it is possible to cluster the battery topologies. In a second step, the collected data is clustered using the novel denomination method. Finally, this paper presents the benchmark topologies for the analyzed segments.
Effective bioremoval of Fe(III) ions using paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) pomace generated in the food industry
Authors: Kalak Tomasz , Dudczak-Hałabuda Joanna , Tachibana Yu , Cierpiszewski Ryszard 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn these studies, removal of Fe(III) ions by biosorption processes from aqueous solutions was carried out using paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) pomace generated during processing in the food industry. The biosorbent material was characterized using several analytical methods, including particle size distribution, XRD, SEM–EDS, electrokinetic zeta potential, surface area analysis (BET, BJH), thermogravimetry, morphology (SEM), spectrophotometry FT-IR. Several factors, such as biosorbent dosage, initial concentration, contact time and initial pH were analyzed to show an effect on the bioremoval process, efficiency and adsorption capacity. As a result, the maximum adsorption efficiency and capacity were determined to be 99.1% and 7.92 mg/g, respectively. Based on the kinetics analysis, the bioremoval process is better described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second order equation model. In conclusion, the achieved research results suggest that paprika biomass can be an effective material for efficiently removing iron(III) from wastewater and improving water quality. These studies on the recovery of iron metal from the environment fit in the latest trends in the concept of the global circular economy.
Insights into the Porretta Terme (northern Apennines, Italy) hydrothermal system revealed by geochemical data on presently discharging thermal waters and paleofluids
Authors: Tassi Franco , Garofalo Paolo S. , Turchetti Filippo , De Santis Davide , Capecchiacci Francesco , Vaselli Orlando , Cabassi Jacopo , Venturi Stefania , Vannini Stefano 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study focuses on the geochemical features of the presently discharging thermal and cold springs and on paleofluids from the upstream portion of the Reno river basin (Alto Reno; central–northern Italy). The aim is investigating the primary sources of the modern and fossil fluids and the interactions between deep and shallow aquifers. Paleofluids are from fluid inclusions hosted within euhedral and hopper quartz crystals and consist of a two-phase, liquid–vapor aqueous fluid and a unary CH4 fluid. The aqueous inclusions have constant phase ratios and a calculated salinity of ~ 1.5 wt% NaCleq. They homogenize by bubble disappearance at 100–200 °C, whereas the estimated entrapment depth is ~ 3–5.5 km. The paleofluids likely represent the vestiges of the deep and hot, CH4-rich, Na+–Cl− fluids produced by the interaction between meteoric waters and Triassic and Miocene formations. The modern Na+–Cl−(HCO3−) thermal waters originate from meteoric waters infiltrating SW of the study area, at elevation > 800 m a.s.l., circulating within both the Triassic evaporites and the overlying Miocene turbiditic formations, where salt dissolution/precipitation, sulfate reduction, and production of thermogenic CH4 occur. The equilibrium temperature of the deep fluid source is ~ 170 °C, corresponding to > 5 km depth. Cold springs are Ca2+–HCO3− type and show low amounts of biogenic CO2 and CH4 with no inputs of deep-originated fluids excepting in the immediate surroundings of the thermal area, confirming the lack of significant hydraulic connection between shallow and deep aquifers. We propose a genetic link between the quartz-hosted paleofluid and the thermal waters present in the area.
“The lockdown of physical co-operation touches the heart of adult education”: A Delphi study on immediate and expected effects of COVID-19
Authors: Käpplinger Bernd , Lichte Nina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article is based on the first wave of an ongoing worldwide Delphi study which is currently analysing the immediate and expected effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adult education and adult learning. While the methodology of Delphi studies varies a lot, in a nutshell, the core idea of a Delphi study is that it explores the future of a particular field in a collaborative way. The authors contacted more than 50 international experts in the field of adult education for a qualitative online survey between April and May 2020, asking them to provide information, observations, expectations and advice. While the findings show many cross-national similarities, there are also many differences. Clearly, adult educators are still trying to understand the implications of the crisis, which they perceive as unprecedented.
Telerounding Offers High Patient Satisfaction after Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Schwartz Andrew M. , Chan Ferdinand J. , Levy Benjamin J. , Tarpada Sandip P. , Schwechter Evan M. 
Published: November 2020

Background Research in surgical fields other than orthopedics has demonstrated high patient satisfaction with non-traditional telerounding modalities. Questions/Purposes We sought to determine patient satisfaction and Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores of patients who experienced telerounding in the post-operative period after undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Methods Fifty consecutive TJA patients were prospectively enrolled to receive telerounding. The patients were divided into two groups based on their satisfaction with telerounding. The HCAHPS scores of the patients who received telerounding were compared with 50 control patients. Results Overall, the telerounding cohort had a positive reaction to telerounding. Comparing patients who were highly satisfied to those who were dissatisfied with telerounding, younger patients were found to be more frequently satisfied with telerounding. Compared with patients who did not receive telerounding, patients who experienced telerounding rated the hospital higher on a 10-point scale were more likely to recommend the hospital to others, more frequently believed their physicians treated them with courtesy and respect, and more often believed their physicians always listened to them carefully. Conclusion An overwhelming majority of our patients found telerounding using FaceTime enhanced their care while recovering post-operatively from TJA. Those patients were typically younger and had significantly higher HCAHPS scores, which potentially can enhance the physician-patient relationship.
A chemical basis for different oviposition rates of Helicoverpa assulta across two Nicotiana species
Authors: Miao Changjian , Li Weizheng , Dong Shaoqi , Luo Qianwen , Zhao Man , Guo Xianru 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe tobacco Nicotiana rustica is widely used as a trap crop in the fields of Nicotiana tabacum in China, by attracting oviposition of Helicoverpa assulta females, thus preventing damage to N. tabacum. The mechanism underlying the differential oviposition rates of H. assulta across these two tobacco species, however, is largely unknown. We investigated the mechanism of host plant acceptance of H. assulta with respect to these two tobaccos by using a two-choice behavioral bioassay and GC–MS. Our results indicate that both the leaves and inflorescences of N. rustica attracted significantly more eggs than the corresponding parts of N. tabacum. Extracts of leaves and inflorescences of N. rustica with two different solvents elicited similar oviposition patterns to the corresponding parts of the plants. Chemical analysis by GC–MS revealed that the volatiles of N. rustica contain larger amounts of nicotine than those of N. tabacum at the flowering stage. In addition, γ-terpinolene and β-elemene are found only in extracts of N. rustica. A two-choice bioassay on the individual compounds showed that γ-terpinolene, which is specific to the vegetative stage of N. rustica, and nicotine attracted oviposition by H. assulta. The volatile β-elemene, which is present only in N. rustica, was also attractive. We conclude that the larger amount of nicotine, and the species-specific γ-terpinolene and β-elemene may mediate the different oviposition rates of H. assulta females across N. rustica and N. tabacum.
On the relative K-group in the ETNC, Part II
Authors: Braunling Oliver 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn a previous paper we showed that, under some assumptions, the relativeK-group in the Burns–Flach formulation of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture (ETNC) is canonically isomorphic to aK-group of locally compact equivariant modules. Our approach as well as the standard one both involve presentations: One due to Bass–Swan, applied to categories of finitely generated projective modules; and one due to Nenashev, applied to our topological modules without finite generation assumptions. In this paper we provide an explicit isomorphism.
Helmholtz’s decomposition for compressible flows and its application to computational aeroacoustics
Authors: Schoder Stefan , Roppert Klaus , Kaltenbacher Manfred 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Helmholtz decomposition, a fundamental theorem in vector analysis, separates a given vector field into an irrotational (longitudinal, compressible) and a solenoidal (transverse, vortical) part. The main challenge of this decomposition is the restricted and finite flow domain without vanishing flow velocity at the boundaries. To achieve a unique and$$L_2$$L2-orthogonal decomposition, we enforce the correct boundary conditions and provide its physical interpretation. Based on this formulation for bounded domains, the flow velocity is decomposed. Combining the results with Goldstein’s aeroacoustic theory, we model the non-radiating base flow by the transverse part. Thereby, this approach allows a precise physical definition of the acoustic source terms for computational aeroacoustics via the non-radiating base flow. In a final simulation example, Helmholtz’s decomposition of compressible flow data using the finite element method is applied to an overflowed rectangular cavity at Mach 0.8. The results show a reasonable agreement with the source data and illustrate the distinct parts of the Helmholtz decomposition.
Analgesic effect of caudal and IL/IH nerve blockade among children undergoing inguinal surgeries: A prospective cohort study, 2019
Authors: Yimer Yusuf , Mohammed Ayub , Ahmed Siraj , Aregawi Adugna , Jemal Suleiman , Mohammed Salih , Hika Assefa , Gebremeskel Bereket , Gebregiorgis Laeke 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Caudal block (CB) is a common regional technique in pediatric patients. It involves the introduction of local anesthetic into the caudal epidural space. Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block is also the most common abdominal wall blocks provide effective analgesia for surgical procedures of inguinal area.

Objectives:
To compare the analgesic effect of caudal and ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blockade using bupivacaine for children under going inguinal surgeries at Menellik II hospital.

Methodology:
An institutional based prospective cohort study was conducted on 70 patients who under gone inguinal surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients in CB group (n = 35) received caudal block and IL/IH group (n = 35) received ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block after induction of anesthesia based on the independent decision of anesthetist. Study participants were selected by Systematic random sampling technique. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

Result:
This study found that caudal block has prolonged postoperative analgesia with a mean duration of 301.5 ± 73.5 min compared to 242.4 ± 66.4 min in Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric group (p = 0.001). Total analgesic consumption and pain severity was comparable between the groups (p > 0.05) which is not statistically significant.

Conclusion and recommendation:
we found that caudal epidural had prolonged duration of analgesia as compared to Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block. Based on our finding we recommend the use of caudal block as effective post-operative analgesia for inguinal surgeries in pediatrics.

Highlights:
‘Compulsory Independence’: Irish Nationalist Images of Empire and Republic after the Birth of Independent German-Austria, 1919–1922
Authors: Zách Lili 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAfter 1918, the birth of independent small states in Central Europe was a common point of reference in Ireland. This article aims to provide a more complex understanding of Irish images of postwar Austria, highlighting the coexistence of some elements of Austria’s imperial legacy and new characteristics of the independent small state. Irish commentators focused heavily on the newly drawn borders in Central Europe, including the redistribution of nationalities, which was considered a significant factor in the formulation of identities in the newly independent, self-declared nation-states. This article discusses how Irish intellectuals, journalists, and politicians connected the issues of changing borders and the ethnic composition of Austria to actual Irish problems, especially in relation to the question of (greater German) unity. In addition, this article also explores how the significance of religion in Irish national identity determined perceptions of postwar Austria. Catholicism came to symbolize more than the everyday religion of the majority of the Irish population, and it manifested itself in Irish perceptions of the wider world, including the small successor states of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
The Deposition of History in Prehistory: Copper Objects on Sites and in the Landscape
Authors: Chapman John , Gaydarska Bisserka 
Published: November 2020

A variable proportion of finds from the Neolithic and Chalcolithic of ‘Old Europe’ has come from places outside settlements, cemeteries, production sites, ritual sites, or caves. Such finds tend to be described as ‘chance/isolated/single/stray’ finds or, when in groups, as ‘hoards’. The frequent, modernist cause invoked for these finds is that they were either ‘hidden’ in times of mortal danger, represented a ‘gift to the gods’, or simply ‘lost’. One reason for these explanatory shortcomings is the over-attention to the types of objects deposited in the landscape and the frequent lack of attention to the often-distinctive place of deposition. We believe that we have misnamed, overlooked, or not accurately characterised an entire class of sites, which we term ‘landscape deposition sites’, whose defining feature was the transformation of a place by the deposition of a significant object or group of objects to create a qualitatively different place. The creation of such landscape deposit sites varied in time and space throughout Old Europe, but all sites were affected by this new dimension of the extended cultural domain.In this article, we consider the interpretations of metal deposition in North-west Europe and the light they shed on an earlier and geographically different region. The primary aim of this paper is an exploration of the variable relationships between landscape deposit sites and the coeval finds made in special deposits in settlements and cemeteries in the 5th and 4th millenniabc, which will lead to proposed new interpretations of landscape deposition sites.
Premise Disputes and Political Ideology
Authors: Barker David C. , Marietta Morgan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA substantial body of scholarship highlights the role of core values as elements of liberalism–conservatism. However, researchers have yet to fully appreciate the contribution of premises, or abstractdescriptivebeliefs. This disjuncture has occurred despite the fact that for centuries, philosophers have used premises about human nature and society to ground their religious, political and economic theories. In the observational and experimental studies described in this article, the authors examine the extent to which such premise disputes stand independently from value conflicts as ideological ingredients. The findings suggest that premises are distinct and meaningful elements of political cognition, analogous in importance to several well-worn values.
Teachers’ perspectives and practices on biodiversity web portals as an opportunity to reconnect education with nature
Authors: Picanço Ana , Arroz Ana Moura , Amorim Isabel R , Matos Sónia , Gabriel Rosalina 
Published: November 2020

SummaryBiodiversity loss is a complex issue and a risk that education cannot overlook. Teachers play a crucial role in how biodiversity, and in particular local biodiversity, is understood. To provide insight into how to improve communication on the subject, we investigate teachers’ perspectives and social representations regarding biodiversity, their fluency in terms of Internet use, their familiarity with biodiversity web portals and perceived pedagogical usefulness of technology. A sample of 243 K–12 schoolteachers of multiple scientific domains from eight Azorean islands answered an online survey, including three free-word association tests using inductive terms such as ‘Internet’, ‘biodiversity’ and ‘familiar biodiversity portals’. Overall, the schoolteachers failed to incorporate the multidimensionality of the biodiversity concept (including natural science teachers) or to show technological fluency, and they tended not to use biodiversity web portals as tools to engage students in teaching activities. Our results indicate that teachers’ perspectives about biodiversity need to be broadened and improved and that it is worth exploring whether information and communication technology represents a window of opportunity to do so. As an example, biodiversity web portals, which are widely recognized as trustworthy information repositories, may be used to engage teachers in this endeavour.
MEAN–VARIANCE EQUILIBRIUM ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY WITH COINTEGRATED ASSETS
Authors: CHIU MEI CHOI 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates asset-liability management problems in a continuous-time economy. When the financial market consists of cointegrated risky assets, institutional investors attempt to make profit from the cointegration feature on the one hand, while on the other hand they need to maintain a stable surplus level, that is, the company’s wealth less its liability. Challenges occur when the liability is random and cannot be fully financed or hedged through the financial market. For mean–variance investors, an additional concern is the rational time-consistency issue, which ensures that a decision made in the future will not be restricted by the current surplus level. By putting all these factors together, this paper derives a closed-form feedback equilibrium control for time-consistent mean–variance asset-liability management problems with cointegrated risky assets. The solution is built upon the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman framework addressing time inconsistency.
Comparative pandemics: the Tudor–Stuart and Wanli–Chongzhen years of pestilence, 1567–1666
Authors: Brook Timothy 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Black Death is a secure feature of European and west Asian history; in Chinese history, by contrast, the record of mass epidemic outbreaks over the same centuries is not. As a step towards integrating these two zones into a global history of disease, this article establishes a timeline of roughly a thousand major outbreaks in Ming–Qing China during the century 1567–1666. On the basis of these data, comparison is made of how pandemics were received and interpreted in two delimited zones, the Chinese province of North Zhili (now Hebei) and Tudor and Stuart England, with particular attention to differences in their literary incorporation, religious meaning, and political resonance.
’17, ’18, ’19: religion and science in three pandemics, 1817, 1918, and 2019
Authors: Phillips Howard 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecognizing that serious pandemics call forth explanations which go to the heart of beliefs about why natural disasters occur, this article examines three pandemics over the last 200 years (cholera from 1817, Spanish influenza in 1918–19, and COVID-19) to establish whether such explanations have changed significantly over time and, if so, why. What it finds is that this period saw a watershed in which the dominance of traditional religious explanations declined in many parts of the world in the face of the ascent of explanations based on biomedical science. Tracking this momentous change across several faiths and regions globally makes it possible to put into telling historical perspective the stances taken by faith-based communities in response to the current COVID-19 pandemic.