bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LRIG1 Expression and Colorectal Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Bakherad Maryam , Salimi Mahdieh , Angaji Seyed Abdolhamid , Mahjoubi Frouzandeh , Majidizadeh Tayebeh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo make the right treatment decisions about colorectal cancer (CRC) patients reliable predictive and prognostic data are needed. However, in many cases this data is not enough. Some studies suggest that LRIG1 gene (leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains1) has prognostic implications in different kinds of cancers. MethodsOne hundred and two patients with colorectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed for LRIG1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. SYBR Green Real-Time RT-PCR technique was used for mRNA expression analyses and Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH) was considered as a reference gene for data normalization. LRIG1 protein expression was analyzed using Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, appropriate statistic analyses were used to assess the expression of LRIG1 in test and control groups. The prognostic significance of LRIG1 expression was analyzed using the univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsThe data revealed that the expression of LRIG1 in both mRNA and protein levels was down regulated in colorectal tumor tissues (P<0.01) but is not clinically relevant prognostic indicator in CRC. ConclusionsTherefore, it is suggested that LRIG1 expression analyses may not be considered as an important issue when making informed and individualized clinical decisions regarding the management of colorectal cancer patients.
Effects of Curing on Emulsion Cold Mix Asphalts and Their Extracted Binder
Authors: Thiriet Amelie , Gaudefroy Vincent , Chailleux Emmanuel , Piau Jean-Michel , Delfosse Frédéric , Leroy Christine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on the physicochemical changes that happen in cold mix asphalts during curing, and more specifically, while and after transitioning to different simulated seasons. Several tests were carried out in order to better grasp the influence of the weather (temperature and humidity) on the curing of such materials. The mechanical behaviour of the mix was assessed using oedometer tests. The physicochemical evolutions of extracted binders, such as oxidation and rheology, were evaluated. The results show stiffening of the mix and ageing of the binder linked to a higher temperature and a lower humidity. A low temperature and high moisture seem to slow down these evolutions. However the binder behaviour does not explain the whole mix behaviour as the kinetics between them are not always similar. Thus other mechanisms are yet to be found and taken into account to fully understand cold mix asphalts behaviour.
Longitudinal Analyses Reveal That Aging-related Alterations in the Intestinal Environment Lead to Gut Dysbiosis With the Potential to Induce Obesity
Authors: Nakanishi Yumiko , Nozu Ryouko , Ueno Masami , Hioki Kyoji , Ishii Chiharu , Murakami Shinnosuke , Suzuki Kenta , Ka Yuyo , Ogura Tomoyuki , Ito Ayumi , Tachibana Naoko , Kato Tamotsu , Hirayama Akiyoshi , Sugimoto Masahiro , Soga Tomoyoshi , Ito Mamoru , Tomita Masaru , Ohno Hiroshi , Fukuda Shinji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Aging is a progressive decline of cellular functions that ultimately affects whole-body homeostasis. Alterations in the gut microbiota associated with aging have been reported, however the molecular basis of the relationships between host aging and the gut microbiota is poorly understood.Result: By using longitudinal microbiome and metabolome characterization, we show that the aging-related alterations in the intestinal environment lead to gut dysbiosis with a potential to induce obesity in mice. In middle-age mice, we observed more than a 2-fold increase in fecal carbohydrates derived from dietary polysaccharides and a significant reduction of gut microbial diversity resembling the microbiota characteristic of obese mice. Consistently, fecal microbiota transplantation from middle-age specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice into young germ-free (GF) mice resulted in increased weight gain and impaired glucose tolerance.Conclusion: Our findings provide new insights into the relationships between host aging and gut dysbiosis and may contribute to the development of a possible solution to aging-related obesity.
Direct Rbs Engineering of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for Efficient Productivity of Violaceins in E. Coli
Authors: Zhang Yuyang , Chen Hongping , Zhang Yao , Yin Huifang , Zhou Chenyan , Wang Yan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Violaceins have attracted much attention as potential targets used in medicines, food additives, insecticides, cosmetics and textiles, but low productivity was the key factor to limit their large-scale applications. This work put forward a direct RBS engineering strategy to engineer the violacein biosynthetic gene cluster cloned from Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 to efficiently improve the fermentation titers.Results: Through four rounds of engineering of the native RBSs within the violaceins biosynthetic operon vioABCDE, this work apparently broke through the rate-limiting steps of intermediates conversion, resulting in 2.41-fold improvement of violaceins production compared to the titers of the starting strain Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (Vio12472). Furthermore, by optimizing the batch-fermentation parameters including temperature, concentration of IPTG inducer and fermentation time, the maximum yield of violaceins from (BCDE)m (tnaA-) reached 3269.7 μM at 2 mM tryptophan in the medium. Interestingly, rather than previous reported low temperature (20 ℃), we for the first time found the RBS engineered Escherichia coli strain (BCDE)m worked better at higher temperature (30 ℃ and 37 ℃), leading to a higher-level production of violaceins. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first time that a direct RBS engineering strategy is used for the biosynthesis of natural products, having the potential for a greater improvement of the product yields within tryptophan hyperproducers and simultaneously avoiding the costly low temperature cultivation for large-scale industrial production of violaciens. This direct RBS engineering strategy could also be easily and helpfully used in engineering the native RBSs of other larger and value-added natural product biosynthetic gene clusters by widely used site-specific mutagenesis methods represented by inverse PCR or CRISPR-Cas9 techniques to increase their fermentation titers in the future.
Evaluating the Cerebrospinal Fluid Tap Test With the Hellström iNPH Scale for Patients With Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus – a Retrospective Cohort Study of 132 Patients
Authors: Rydja Johanna , Eleftheriou Andreas , Lundin Fredrik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

The cerebrospinal fluid tap test (CSF TT) is used for selecting shunt surgery candidates in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). Variations in performance, and different outcome measures and cut-off levels in previous research on the CSF TT make comparison of accuracy difficult between studies. We aimed to evaluate the CSF TT, by using the Hellström iNPH scale for shunted iNPH patients with a standardized method.

Methods

One hundred thirty-two shunt operated iNPH patients were retrospectively included in this study. The gait and balance domains in the iNPH scale were used as outcome measures for the CSF TT and the total iNPH scale score as postoperatively outcome. To identify responders a cut-off level ≥ 5 points was used. Differences between responders and non-responders to the CSF TT, as well as the sensitivity, speciﬁcity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy and correlations between outcomes of the CSF TT and postoperatively were calculated.

Results

In the gait domain, there were 62.9% responders and correspondingly 42.7 % in the balance domain of the CSF TT. CSF TT responders had significantly better outcomes in both the gait and balance domains but not in the neuropsychology or continence domains postoperatively. The sensitivity and specificity of the CSF TT and the outcome of the total iNPH scale score postoperatively were 67.6% and 53.3% for gait and 47.5% and 73.3% for balance. For age ≥ 80 years, the sensitivity and specificity for gait were 52.2% and 60.0%, and for age ≤ 80 years 72.2% and 50.0%. Gait as an outcome measure for both the CSF TT and postoperatively had the highest sensitivity, (73.2%) and specificity (65.7%) for all ages.

Conclusions

The CSF TT, with Hellström´s iNPH scale as the outcome measure, has clear limitations in predicting postoperative results. The gait domain may be used to detect changes of outcomes in gait, but the balance domain is too insensitive to use as an assessment for the CSF TT. The value of the CFS TT for patients over 80 years of age appears to be even lower. Differential diagnostic considerations together with radiological assessments remain cornerstones in selecting eligible shunt responders.
Spin-encoded Wavelength-space Multitasking Janus Metasurfaces&nbsp;
Authors: Xu He-Xiu , Wang Chaohui , Wang Yanzhao , Wang Mingzhao , Wang Shaojie , Hu Guangwei , Tang Shiwei , Huang Yongjun , Ling Xiaohui , Huang Wei , Qiu Cheng-Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The fruitful progress toward light manipulation in reflective (R) or transmissive (T) geometry (half-space) has facilitated strong aspiration to achieving full-space electromagnetic wave control in both R and T channels. Although it promises large-capacity and integrated functionality, yet imposes prohibitive difficulty and big challenging for extreme wave control (direction of arrival in full space) via an ultrathin flat device. As of today, very limited demonstrations were reported for single-band and linear-polarization operation, significantly limiting the exploitable degree of freedoms (DoFs) for real-world applications. Herein, we report for the first time a triple-layer wavelength-space multitasking scheme for wide-angle and large-capacity detection. Two anisotropic sub-meta-atoms are engineered with high quality factor and simultaneous in-plane and out-of-plane symmetry breaking, facilitating four R and two T spin-conversion channels with high efficiency and insulation. The chirality-assisted Fano effect gives rise to the wide-angle operation and boosted channels. Above features and released DoF would be extraordinary beneficial for large-capability and angle-engineered advanced device. Two proof-of-concept metadevices, i.e., large-scanning kaleidoscopic-beam generator and a wide-angle large-capacity reverser for multi-target tracking, are devised to verify the significance. Numerical and experimental results have approved predesigned advanced functions at six channels with measured efficiency over 75%. Our findings in multi-DoF multitasking of metasurfaces could stimulate great interest in radar applications with versatile beam generation and multi-channel integration.
Dexmedetomidine Attenuates Lung Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rats by Reducing Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Yan , Lu Yao , Wang Kai , Zhou Mei-yan , Wu Cong-you , Qiao Lu , Wang Li-wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a significant clinical problem occurring after lung transplantation. LIRI is mediated by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory activation. Previous studies have confirmed that dexmedetomidine (DEX) exerts a protective effect on LIRI, which potentially causes severe mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. Our study was to explore whether dexmedetomidine exerts a beneficial effect on LIRI by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods: Two different models were used in our study. For the in vivo experiment, thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Sham, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), DEX+I/R and DEX+yohimbine+I/R (DY+I/R) groups. Similarly, pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs) from SD rats were divided into Control, oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD), D+OGD and DY+OGD groups.Results: In our experiment, we confirmed severe lung damage after LIRI that was characterized by significantly pulmonary histopathology injury, a decrease in the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) and an increase in the wet-to-dry weight ratio, while DEX treatment mitigated this damage. In addition, the DEX pretreatment significantly attenuated I/R-induced oxidative stress by decreasing the level of ROS in the mitochondria in vitro. Moreover, the DEX treatment enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy by increasing the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin and dynamin 1-like protein 1 (Drp1). Conclusions: These data suggest that DEX may alleviate LIRI by reducing mitochondrial dysfunction through the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy.
miR-22 Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Modulating Snail and MAPK1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liao Cheng-Gong , Qu Zhi , Guo Zao-Xia , Liang Xiao-Hua , Kong Ling-Min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Recently studies have reported that miR-22 plays an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of many human cancers. However, the involvement of miR-22 in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) EMT progression has not been investigated. Methods: We measured miR-22 expression level in 38 paired of HCC and matched normal tissues by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Then, we performed morphological analysis and immunofluorescence to observe the role of miR-22 in HCC EMT progression. The expression of EMT markers were detected by real-time RT-PCR and western blot. The regulation role of miR-22 on Snail, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1) and slug were determined by luciferase reporter assay. The expression of Snail and MAPK1 were also detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in HCC and normal tissues. Results: We found that the expression of miR-22 in HCC tissues were much lower than that in normal control. The expression of miR-22 was inversely correlated with HCC metastatic ability. Then, we found that overexpression of miR-22 could inhibit HCC EMT. Importantly, miR-22 is found to inhibit cell motility by directly targeting both Snail and MAPK1. Furthermore, the suppression role of miR-22 in HCC EMT could be blocked by Snail and MAPK1 overexpression. Additionally, the expression of Snail and MAPK1 were inversely correlated with miR-22 expression in HCC tissues. Conclusion: Our results suggested that miR-22 was downexpressed in HCC tissues and inhibited HCC EMT through downregulating Snail and MAPK1 which may provide a new bio-target for HCC therapy.
A Prospective Study Comparing Cancer Detection Rates of Transperineal Prostate Biopsies Performed by Junior Urologists Versus a Senior Consultant in a Real World-setting
Authors: Song Jiaao , He Bi-ming , Li Hu-sheng , Shi Zhen-kai , Ren Guan-yu , Chen Huan , Xu Chuan-liang , Gao Xu , Zeng Shu-xiong , Wang Hai-feng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Prostate biopsy (PB) is a typical daily practice method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). This study was to compare the PCa detection rate and peri- and post-operative complications of PB among three residents and a consultant.Methods: A total of 343 patients who underwent PB between August 2018 with July 2019 were involved in this study. Residents were systematically trained two weeks by the consultant for performing systemic biopsy (SB) and targeted biopsy (TB). And then, three residents and the consultant performed PB independently every quarter due to routine rotation in daily practice. The peri- and post-operative data was prospectively collected. The primary outcome and secondary outcome were to compare the PCa-detection rates and complications between residents and consultant, respectively. Results: There was no significant difference between the residents and consultant in terms of overall PCa-detection rates of SB, TB or further stratified by prostate specific antigen value, prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) scores. We found the consultant had more TB cores compared with residents (175 cores versus 86 to 114 cores, P=0.043) and shorter procedural time versus residents (mean 16 min versus 19.7 to 20.1 min, P <0.001). The complication rate for consultant was 6.7%, and 5% to 8.2% for residents, respectively (P = 0.875).Conclusions: The residents could get a similar PCa detection and complication rates compared with the consultant after a two-week training. However, the residents still need more cases to shorten the time of biopsy procedure.
WITHDRAWN: Anomalous Connection of the Left Pulmonary Vein to the Coronary Sinus With Intact Atrial Septum in a Young Woman
Authors: Cheng Xianfeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Left sided Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is a rare congenital abnormal cardiac defect. An intact atrial septum is more uncommon. To our knowledge, connection of the left pulmonary vein (LPV) to the coronary sinus (CS) with intact atrial septum was no previous reported.Case report: We report an 18-years-old woman who had this rare anomaly. She exhibited no obvious clinical symptoms. An echocardiogram revealed the primary diagnosis and this diagnosis confirmed during operation. This patient underwent a successful surgical repair. Artificial atrial septal defect (ASD) and coronary sinus orifice were inserted into left atrium by patch. postoperative recovery was recuperated.Conclusion: Given the high risk of developing Congestive heart failure, like many other centers, we advocate for intervention during the preschool age. Surgical techniques depend on the number and location of abnormal veins or veins.
Dosimetric Comparison of Radiation Techniques for Comprehensive Regional Nodal Radiation Therapy for Left-Sided Breast Cancer: A Treatment Planning Study
Authors: Ko Heejoo , Chang Jee Suk , Moon Jin Young , Lee Won Hee , Shah Chirag , Shim Jin Sup Andy , Han Min Cheol , Baek Jong Geol , Park Ryeong Hwang , Kim Yong Bae , Kim Jin Sung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy (RT) target volumes in breast cancer treatment increasingly include the internal mammary nodes, potentially increasing doses delivered to the heart and lung. The aim of this study was to compare cardiac and pulmonary doses in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and proton beam therapy (PBT) with and without continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), delivered in conventional fractionation (CF) or in hypofractionated (HF) schedules.Methods: In a dataset of 15 patients with left-sided breast cancer, partial wide tangential 3DCRT delivered in CF (50/25) and in HF (40/15) schedules as well as PBT delivered in CF and two-partial arc VMAT delivered in a HF schedule, each under CPAP and free breathing (FB) conditions were extensively examined. Target volume coverage and doses to organs-at-risk (OARs) were calculated for each technique. Outcomes were compared with one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni test, with P-values <0.05 considered significant. Results: Target volume coverage was within acceptable levels in all interventions, except for internal mammary lymph nodes D90 (99% in PBT, 90% in VMAT-CPAP, 84% in VMAT-FB, and 74% in 3DCRT). Mean heart dose (MHD) was the lowest and highest in PBT (<1 Gy) and 3DCRT with CF/FB (7.8 Gy), respectively. In photon-based techniques, the use of VMAT in HF schedules with CPAP resulted in an MHD of 2.2 Gy. Lung V20 and mean lung dose (MLD) were the highest in 3DCRT-CF-FB (44% and 20 Gy, respectively) and lowest in both VMAT-HF-CPAP and PBT (7–9% and approximately 5–6 Gy, respectively). VMAT-HF-CPAP and PBT delivered a comparable maximum dose to the left ascending artery (7.2 Gy and 6.70 Gy, respectively, with the highest dose delivered by 3DCRT [47.6 Gy]). The average doses to the contralateral breast were 0.004, 1, and 2.1 Gy in PBT, 3DCRT, and VMAT, respectively.Conclusions: PBT delivered the lowest doses to most OARs in RT for left-sided breast cancer with regional nodal irradiation. However, the dosimetric gap between proton and photon RT has narrowed substantially with modern techniques such as VMAT and CPAP; the clinical relevance of these differences is yet to be elucidated.
Association of Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio, Mean Diameter of Coronary Arteries, Uric Acid with Coronary Slow Flow in Isolated Coronary Artery Ectasia
Authors: Yang Zhuoxuan , Yuan Jiansong , Cui Jingang , Qiao Shubin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The pathophysiology of isolated coronary artery ectasia (CAE) with coronary slow flow (CSF) phenomenon is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for isolated CAE complicated with CSF.Methods A total of 126 patients with isolated CAE were selected retrospectively. The patients were grouped into the no CSF(NCSF) group (n=55) and CSF group (n=71) according to the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame count (TFC). Data on demographics, laboratory measurements, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), TFC and diameters of three coronary arteries were collected.Results The proportion of patients with male sex(84.5% vs 61.8%, p=0.004) and a smoking history(63.4% vs 43.6%, p=0.021) in the CSF group were greater than that in the NCSF group. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)(2.44±1.12 vs 1.89±0.58, p=0.001), mean diameter of coronary arteries (Mean D)(5.50±0.85 vs 5.18±0.91, p<0.001), and uric acid (URIC) level(370.78±109.79 vs 329.15±79.71, p=0.019) were significantly higher in the CSF group, while the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR)(4.81±1.66 vs 5.96±1.75, p<0.001) and albumin (ALB)(44.13±4.10 vs 45.69±4.11, p=0.036) level were lower. Multivariable logistic analysis showed that the LMR(odds ratio: 0.614, 95%CI:0.464-0.814, p=0.001), Mean D(odds ratio: 2.643, 95%CI: 1.54-4.51,p<0.001) and URIC(odds ratio: 1.006, 95%CI:1.001-1.012, p=0.018) level were independent predictors of CSFP in CAE. The predictive power of this combination was superior to URIC and Mean D but not superior to the LMR.Conclusions The LMR, URIC level and Mean D were independent predictors of CSF in isolated CAE. The predictive power of the LMR was not inferior to the combination of predictors.