bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk and clinical impact of bacterial resistance/susceptibility to silver-based wound dressings: a systematic review
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Steinmann Jörg , Münter Karl-Christian , Brill Holger , Böttrich Johannes Georg , Braunwarth Horst , Schümmelfeder Frank , Wilken Patricia 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To perform a systematic review of the literature on bacterial resistance, tolerance and susceptibility of silver within the context of wound therapy using silver-based dressings. Methods: A literature search was carried out using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases, the focus was whether results from microbiological experimental in vitro tests with reference strains and clinical wound isolates are reflected in clinical practice with regards to their ‘resistance’ profiles, comparable with those observed for antibiotics. The search results were allocated to six categories: resistance and resistance mechanism, in vitro tests with standard strains and wound isolates, prevalence and incidence, impact on clinical practice and impact on antibiotic therapy as well as reviews, expert opinions and consensus. Results: Based on all findings of the literature, it cannot be confirmed that a related clinical resistance to silver-ions in silver-based dressings has clinical impact, although endogenous and exogenous genetic resistance patterns have been described and intensively investigated. A translation of these genetic resistance-expression structures to phenotypic appearances, similar to those known for antibiotics, has not been demonstrated for silver in the literature. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no definitive evidence available and further studies should be conducted.
Antibiofilm activity and cytotoxicity of silk sericin against Streptococcus mutans bacteria in biofilm: an in vitro study
Authors: Aramwit Pornanong , Napavichayanum Supamas , Pienpinijtham Prompong , Rasmi Yousef , Bang Nipaporn 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To investigate the potential of sericin extracted by different methods to inhibit biofilm formation (prevention) and disrupt already formed biofilm (treatment). Method: In this in vitro study, sericin was extracted by heat, acid, alkali and urea. Streptococcus mutans bacteria were cultivated in the presence of various concentrations of sericin to evaluate antibiofilm formation using cell density assay (inhibition effect before biofilm formed). Conversely, various concentrations of sericin were added to a biofilm already formed by Streptococcus mutans bacteria, and the viability of bacteria assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (disruption effects after biofilm formed). Structures of extracted sericin were evaluated using circular dichroism and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. Results: The urea-extracted sericin at all concentrations (12.5mg/ml, 25mg/ml, 50mg/ml and 100mg/ml) showed the highest potential antibiofilm activity in terms of both inhibition and disruption effects, compared with sericin extracted by heat, acid or alkali. The heat-extracted and acid-extracted sericin were found to reduce the biofilm formation dose-dependently, while the alkali-extracted sericin did not show either inhibition or disruption effect on the bacterial biofilm. The urea-extracted sericin also killed the bacteria residing within the biofilm, possibly due to its modified structure which may destabilise the bacterial cell wall, leading to membrane disintegration and, finally, cell death. Conclusion: Our results demostrated the antibiofilm activity of sericin. This could form the basis of further research on the mechanism and application of sericin as a novel antibiofilm agent.
Characteristics of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates indigenous soil of South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their pathogenicity against oil palm pests Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Pujiastuti Yulia , Arsi Arsi , Sandi Sofia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Pujiastuti Y, Arsi, Sandi S. 2020. Characteristics of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates indigenous soil of South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their pathogenicity against oil palm pests Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Biodiversitas 21: 1287-1294. Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive, entomopathogenic bacterium that could be isolated from soil and be used to control various plant pests. Oryctes rhinoceros is an important pest in oil palm. Application of B. thuringiensis-based bioinsecticides is an alternative in controlling these pests. The purposes of this study were to isolate and identify B. thuringiensis bacteria from the soil of South Sumatra, production of B. thuringiensis-based bioinsecticides and to test their toxicity to O. rhinoceros larvae. The study was conducted in several cities/districts in the province of South Sumatra. Soil samples were taken from various habitats and B. thuringiensis isolates were grown on NGKG agar media. Among 76 soil samples (6 districts and 2 cities) B. thuringiensis colonies were obtained leading to 24 isolates of B. thuringiensis. Toxicity screening tests for armyworm Spodoptera litura were 55.79% (53 isolates) and their mortality to 25.26% O. rhinoceros larvae (24 isolates). From these isolates whose effectively killed O. rhinoceros larvae, 10 isolates were taken and propagated with Nutrient Broth (NB) and biourine enriched with 5% molasses. Number of spores produced was counted during 24, 48 and 72 hours. Furthermore, a bioassay test was carried out on O. rhinoceros larvae for 7 days. Isolate of KJ3P1 caused the highest mortality of O. rhinoceros larvae after 7 days of observation. SDS Page resulted in KJ3P1 and KJ3R5 isolates showing several bands whose content of various types of protein molecular weight. Isolation of B. thuringiensis in South Sumatra produced 2 isolates potentially to be active ingredients in production of bioinsecticides which were effective in killing O. rhinoceros larvae.
Inhibitory activity of crude bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from dadih against Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Pato Usman , YUSMARINI YUSUF  , SHANTI FITRIANI  , NIA NAIDYA JONNADI  , MIMI SRI WAHYUNI  , JESKA ARYANINGSIH FERUNI  , IRWANDI JASWIR  
Published: April 2020

The use of natural preservatives called bacteriocin derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one way of preventing food from being contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms such as L. monocytogenes (LM). The aims of this study were to evaluate the ability of LAB isolated from dadih to inhibit the growth of LM and to obtain the antimicrobial components that play a role in inhibiting the growth of LM. The antimicrobial activity of the supernatant obtained from 12 strains of dadih LAB was determined using the paper disk diffusion method. The results showed that the supernatant from the 12 LAB strains was able to inhibit the growth of LM with various inhibition zones. However, out of the 12 LABs, only 9 strains were found to have an inhibition zone of more than 3.5 mm. The antimicrobial compounds of 9 strains were tested and it was found that the antimicrobial compounds of strains R-8, R-14 and R-49 were derived from lactic acid. In addition, 6 strains namely R-43, R-32, R-19, R-55, R-45 and R-41 were derived from bacteriocin based on their sensitivity to pH, heat and enzyme treatments. Crude bacteriocin derived from 6 LAB strains inhibited the growth of LM, and the highest antimicrobial activity was obtained in Streptococcus faecalis subsp. liquefaciens R-55 with an average inhibition zone of 13.87 mm. Bacteriocin produced by strain R-55 can be used as natural preservatives for the prevention of food-borne disease caused by LM.
Effects of Climate Change on Poultry Production in Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Ezihe J.A.C. , Ali A. , Ivom G. A. 
Published: April 2020

The study assessed the effects of climate change on poultry production in Benue State, Nigeria. One hundred and seventy nine (179) poultry farmers were interviewed to elicit relevant information in line with the objectives of the study. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tools were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that Majority (46.8%) of all the poultry farmers fall within 21-40 years age bracket .This results imply that poultry farmers in the area were above the dependent age. The average age of the respondents was 39.1 years and within the economically active age range. Majority of (52.5%) of the respondents were females and 47.5% were males. This means that poultry production is gender sensitive. The result showed that respondents have one level of education to the other, an indication that school leavers were no longer waiting for white kola jobs rather than engaged themselves in poultry production in the study area. The average start-up capital of the respondents was found to be N85,542, this may be due to the fact that majority of the respondents operate in small scale. Close to half (48.6%) of the respondents practiced intensive system of poultry production in the study area. with the mean years of awareness as 10.51. The findings further revealed that 90.9% of the respondents agreed that they are aware of climate change; this indicates that the majority of the poultry farmers in the study area have noticed variation in climatic elements. 85.9% of the respondents all agreed that temperature fluctuate in the study area. 72.6% of the respondents observed increased sunshine intensity in the study area and 76.3% agreed that distribution of rainfall follows normal distribution. 80.5% of the respondents agreed that global warming has effect on poultry production respectively. Inferential statistics shows that there is a significant relationship between respondents’ socio – economic characteristics and perception of poultry farmers on effects of climate change on poultry production since p > 0.05 (r = 0.544, p= 0.000). It is recommended extension agents and other development agencies need to educate the poultry farmers more about the effects posed by climate change on poultry production and intensify awareness campaign to poultry farmers on how to reduce the effects of climate change on poultry production.
A Comparative Analysis Of Capital Expenditure On Infrastructure And Economic Growth In Nigeria And South Africa
Authors: Ayeni R. K. , Olasehinde Ireti Olamide 
Published: April 2020

Nigeria and South Africa are two dominating economies in Africa but defer in terms of infrastructural development. The question of whether this infrastructural difference culminate to the difference in economic growth in the two economies is central to this study. This paper therefore, examined the impact of capital expenditure on infrastructure and economic growth both in Nigeria and South Africa using time series data from 1980 to 2016.
Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound tests technique of cointegration was used to on country-specific model of aggregate expenditure, following the Keynesian theory.
The result showed that there is a the long-run relationship among the variables used in Nigeria and South Africa. Capital expenditure on infrastructure has positive but insignificant impact on economic growth in Nigeria while it was positive and significant on the economic growth in South Africa. The insignificant impact of capital expenditure on infrastructure on economic growth compare with South Africa may be the major difference in the two economies. This is traceable to lack of accountability and corruption in Nigeria compared to the good governance that truncated corruption and mismanagement in the government circle in South Africa. Tax base has positive and significant impacts on the economic growth in these two countries, this was supported by the Pairwise Granger Causality in which TAX granger caused economic growth in both countries.
The study recommends injection of sufficient fund into infrastructural development in Nigeria. AS tax contributed positively to economic growth in both economies, it is recommended that tax revenue realized should be judiciously spent by providing the necessary amenities to discourage evasion of tax.
AN EXPLANATIVE STUDY ON THE MODULE FOR SUPERVISING AND ASSESSING EDUCATION STAFF PERFORMANCE AT PRINCIPAL EMPOWERMENT TRAINING
Authors: Supriyana Heri 
Published: April 2020

AN EXPLANATIVE STUDY ON THE MODULE FOR SUPERVISING
AND ASSESSING EDUCATION STAFF PERFORMANCE
AT PRINCIPAL EMPOWERMENT TRAINING

ABSTRACT

Heri Supriyana
Institute for Development and Empowerment of Principals and Supervisors
heri_s_p@yahoo.com

The result of 2015 principal competency test shows that most of principals have not sufficient principal competency so that they have not been able to carry out their main tasks and functions properly. Likewise, the most of principals who have been appointed as principals do not yet have a Certificate of principal training, so that the most of principals do not meet the requirements to become principals. Based on this problem the Ministry of Education and Culture conducts training for strengthening principals with certain modules. The Directorate General of Teachers and Educational Personnel has written a training module for strengthening principals. These modules include the supervision module and the performance assessment of the education staff written by the author. The module has not been tested for relevance, adequacy, consistency, and sequences. In order to obtain a module for supervision and the performance assessment of teaching staff that is ready to be used in education and training, this study was conducted. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of relevance, adequacy, consistency, and sequences of the supervision module and the assessment of the performance of the education staff in the training of strengthening principals. This research is an explanative research. The data collection method uses closed questionnaire and open questionnaire techniques. The results of this study are the relevance aspects of getting a score of 3.73 (good enough), the adequacy aspect of getting a score of 3.64 (good enough), the consistency aspect of getting a score of 3.74 (good enough), the aspect of sequencing getting a score of 3.86 (good enough). Besides that from the systematic aspect of writing the category of statement "quite systematic" has the largest percentage of 77.10%, the aspect of appearance / graphic design of the category of statement "quite good" has the largest percentage of 74.23%, on the aspect of content / content category of statement "enough complete and detailed "has the largest percentage of 78.58%. The conclusion of this research is that the supervision module and the performance assessment of the education staff in the sc principal strengthening training program are good enough to be used in the principal strengthening training because they are relevant, sufficient content, consistent enough and inter-material enough sequences.

Keywords: explanatory study; module; supervision; performance assessment; educational staff.
Rhetorical Sciences in Arabic and Principles of Modern Linguistics and Stylistics
Authors: Mohd. Shamsuddin Salahuddin , Hj. Ahmad Siti Sara Binti 
Published: April 2020

Rhetorical system of speech in Arabic is an arrangement of meanings of single words based on the grammatical rule in Arabic, as their locations amongst the meanings of single words, not among the words themselves, although it is necessary that the arrangement has to be among themselves also, as they are utensils of the meanings, they inevitably follow them in their positions. If it is necessary for the meaning to be found first in the soul, it is also necessary for the word to be first in the pronunciation to indicate that meaning. Single meanings of the words without the grammatical arrangements have no value, as well as the single word has no value, but inside the sentence.
The differentiation between a word and another word as being the sounds merely cannot be without the description, as one of them is familiar and the other is savage alien on the tongue of speaker or that one is lighter on the tongue has a beautiful impact in the ears and the other is difficult to pronounce hated by the hearing. The description of the eloquence while saying "these words are eloquent" does not mean to describe that the words are eloquent, as they are words merely, because they are not only the single words. The description of eloquence is given to the appropriateness of meaning of the word according to the meaning of the word followed and the other words like that, as they are not attached to the pronunciation explicitly.
Characteristics of sleep-conducive music: A narrative evidence review
Authors: Wang Yuluan , Rivard Annette , Guptill Christine , Boliek Carol , Brown Cary 
Published: April 2020

Objectives: Sleep deficiency (SD) is a prevalent problem and has serious negative consequences for physical, cognitive, and psychological well-being. The use of music as a non-pharmacological sleep intervention has been proposed in several studies. A 2014 meta-analysis of 10 randomized trials evaluating the impact of music on sleep concluded that it can decrease sleep onset delay (latency) and sleep disturbances, increases sleep duration, and improves daytime dysfunction. It appears that, to-date, evidence-based guidelines for the selection and/or production of sleep-promoting music do not exist. This review addresses that gap and synthesizes available literature towards the goal of developing guidelines grounded in the evidence-based characteristics of sleep conducive music.
Design and Results: A narrative review of research papers relevant to the topic identified evidence-based characteristics of sleep-conducive music related to tempo, rhythm, pitch, volume, and duration.
Conclusion: This identification and compilation of evidence-based characteristics of sleep-conducive music can underpin future research that targets development and testing of specific music to promote sleep.
Assessment of the level of Realization of Sustainable Development Goals: Evidence from Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Onuoha Nnachi Egwu , Okoye Gregory Onuora 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Studies on the extent of realization of the sustainable development goals from the perspective of manufacturing firms in Nigeria are sparse. Accordingly, this study investigates: the extent sustainable development goals have been realized by manufacturing firms in Nigeria; the extent the social strand of sustainable development goals has been realized by the firms; the extent the environmentalstrand of sustainable development goals has been realized by the firms and the difference between the extent of realization of the social and environmental strands of the sustainable development goals by these firms. To achieve the above objectives, primary data set was collected from the 2017 annual reports of ten manufacturing firms in Nigeria using content analysis. The collected data were analyzed using t test and wilcoxon signed rank test for related samples. The results of the analysis indicate that: the extent of realization of sustainable development goals by manufacturing firms in Nigeria is insignificant, the extent of realization of the social strand of sustainable development goals by the firms is significant and the extent of realization of the environmental strand of sustainable development goals by the firms is insignificant. The result further shows a significant difference between the extent of realization of the social and environmental strands of the sustainable development goals by the firms. The results of this study offer insight that would enable policy makers to insist on tighter environmental measures for manufacturing firms in Nigeria.
Forebrain Transcriptional Response to Transient Changes in Circulating Androgens in a Cichlid Fish
Authors: Félix Ana S , Cardoso Sara D , Roleira António , Oliveira Rui F 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt has been hypothesized that androgens respond to the social interactions as a way to adjust the behavior of individuals to the challenges of the social environment in an adaptive manner. Therefore, it is expected that transient changes in circulating androgen levels within physiological scope should impact the state of the brain network that regulates social behavior, which should translate into adaptive behavioral changes. Here, we examined the effect that a transient peak in androgen circulating levels, which mimics socially driven changes in androgen levels, has on the forebrain state, which harbors most nuclei of the social decision-making network. For this purpose, we successfully induced transient changes in circulating androgen levels in an African cichlid fish (Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus) commonly used as a model in behavioral neuroendocrinology by injecting 11-ketotestosterone or testosterone, and compared the forebrain transcriptome of these individuals to control fish injected with vehicle. Forebrain samples were collected 30 min and 60 min after injection and analyzed using RNAseq. Our results showed that a transient peak in 11-ketotestosterone drives more accentuated changes in forebrain transcriptome than testosterone, and that transcriptomic impact was greater at the 30 min than at the 60 min post-androgen administration. Several genes involved in the regulation of translation, steroid metabolism, ion channel membrane receptors, and genes involved in epigenetic mechanisms were differentially expressed after 11-ketotestosterone or testosterone injection. In summary, this study identified specific candidate genes that may regulate socially driven changes in behavioral flexibility mediated by androgens.
Outcomes of neurosurgical treatment of patients with non-visualized adenoma and microadenoma of the pituitary gland and with Cushing’s disease
Authors: Ivashchenko O. V. , Grigoriev A. Yu. , Azizyan V. N. , Nadezhdina E. Yu. , Rebrova O. Yu. , Lapshina A. M. , Kolesnikova G. S. 
Published: April 2020

The study objective is to compare pre- and intraoperative characteristics, and the results of neurosurgical treatment in patients with Cushing’s disease, non-visualized adenoma and microadenoma of the pituitary gland.Materials and methods. The results of transsphenoidal adenomectomy were analyzed in 102 patients with non-visualized corticotropinomas and 360 patients with microcorticotropinomas. The pituitary genesis of endogenous ACTH-dependent hypercorticism in 182 patients was proved by the results of selective blood sampling from inferior petrosal sinus with stimulation desmopressin. The study included 369 women and 93 men aged 16 to 64 years. All patients were operated by transnasal approach using endoscopic techniques.Results. The group with non-visualized adenoma was dominated by men (p = 0.005) and patients with severe hypercorticism (p = 0.021). When comparing intraoperative characteristics in this group, invasive growth was statistically significantly more frequent (53 % vs 39 %) (p = 0.017), which in turn led to more aggressive intraoperative tactics (p <0.001) and more frequent development of hypothyroidism (11 % vs 4 %) (p = 0.028) in the early postoperative period. Early postoperative remission occurred in 73 (72 %) of 102 patients with non-visualized adenoma and in 314 (87 %) of 360 patients with microadenoma (p <0.001).Conclusion. Early results of primary transsphenoidal adenomectomy in patients with non-visualized pituitary adenoma were significantly worse in comparison with patients with microadenoma detected by 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging, which have more frequently invasive growth, what leads to an increase in the volume of surgery and a possible increase in postoperative hypopituitarism.