bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water saving technology package to improve shallot productivity for smallholder farmers in eastern Indonesia
Authors: Suriadi Ahmad , Hadiawati Lia , Nazam Moh 
Published: December 2020

Dryland usage for shallot cultivation is very potential in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province Indonesia. However, its utilization is faced with various obstacles such as soil low fertility, limited water availability, and high pest and disease attacks. Currently, farmers apply flood and furrow irrigation methods for shallot cultivation in NTB Province, which may not suitable on dryland, especially on coarse texture soils. The purpose of this study was to obtain a package of water-saving technology to increase the productivity of shallots in the dryland of NTB. There were three treatments of technology packages tested laid as Randomized Block Design: A (Trichoderma sp., bio-urine liquid fertilizer, sprinkler irrigation; B (bio-urine liquid fertilizer, furrow irrigation); and C (farmer practice), involving farmer group members from planning to evaluating for the technology package that being tested. The amount of water used was measured using a water meter. The results showed that package A had achieved the highest shallot yield at 31.6 tons ha-1, which was 14% and 45% higher compared to package B and C, respectively. Package A was also able to save water irrigation for 62.1% and 95.8% compared to package B and C, respectively. Thus, sprinkler irrigation not only can increase shallot yield but also better in saving water irrigation. Penggunaan lahan kering untuk budidaya bawang merah di Nusa Tenggara Barat sangat potensial. Namun hal tersebut terkendala oleh beberapa masalah seperti rendahnya kesuburan tanah, terbatasnya air irigasi, dan tingginya gangguan hama dan penyakit. Saat ini, petani di NTB mengairi tanaman bawang merah dengan cara direndam atau leb yang belum tentu sesuai dengan kondisi lahan kering terutama pada tanah dengan tekstur berpasir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan paket teknologi hemat air yang dapat meningkatkan hasil dan pendapatan budidaya bawang merah di lahan kering. Ada tiga perlakuan paket teknologi yang ditata dengan rancangan acak kelompok yaitu A (Trichoderma sp., pupuk organik cair bio-urine, dan irigasi curah); B (pupuk organik cair bio-urine, dan pengairan leb), dan paket C (cara petani: pengairan leb). Penelitian ini melibatkan petani mulai dari perencanaan sampai evaluasi paket teknologi yang diujikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paket A menghasilkan produksi tertinggi sebesar 31,6 t ha-1, atau 14% dan 45% ebih tinggi dari paket B dan C. Paket A juga mampu menghemat air irigasi sebanyak 62,1% dan 95,8% dibandingkan dengan paket B dan C. Dengan demikian, penggunaan irigasi curah mampu meningkatkan hasil dan menghemat air irigasi.
The Concept “World (die Welt)” in the Transcendental Perspective
Authors: Katrechko Sergey 
Published: December 2020

The topic of this article is the problem of World and Infinity. The concepts “Weltanschauung,” (I. Kant) and “Umgreifende” (K. Jaspers) are introduced. A transcendental analysis of the concepts &quot;World&quot; and &quot;Infinite&quot; as ideas of reason is carried out. The theory of the world by L. Tengely is analyzed. Metaphysical and mathematical interpretations of the infinite are compared (actual and potential infinity, openness, horizon).
Głoszenie Ewangelii w wielokulturowym społeczeństwie na przykładzie posługi kapelana statków wycieczkowych
Authors: Sławiński Henryk 
Published: December 2020

Artykuł jest owocem badań z zakresu teologii pastoralnej. Traktuje on o posłudze słowa pełnionej przez kapelana rejsów wycieczkowych. Jest to przykład posługi w środowisku wielokulturowym, w którym kapelan jest podporządkowany osobom świeckim: kapitanowi statku i dyrektorowi programowemu. Jego przepowiadanie jest jedną spośród wielu ofert, jakie są dostarczane uczestnikom wycieczki. Jest to też posługa pełniona dla członków załogi statku, reprezentujących wiele narodów i zróżnicowany status społeczny.
Inositols in reproductive medicine
Authors: O. M. Nosenko  , O. V. Novikova  
Published: December 2020

The article presents literature data on the role of inositol and its derivatives in human body, results of the myo-inositol (MI) use in gynecological diseases, treatment of female and male infertility, including in cycles of assisted reproductive technologies, in the prevention of gestational and perinatal complications. It has been shown that the inability to adequately synthesize or metabolize inositol can contribute to disturbances in the transmission of intracellular signals, disturbances in the activity of insulin signaling cascades, development of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which cause abnormal steroidogenesis in the gonads and metabolic disorders.The concept of “D-chiro-inositol paradox” is highlighted, according to which women with polycystic ovary syndrome are characterized by increased epimerization of MI to D-chiro-inositol, depletion of MI reserves and low oocyte quality. Prescribing biologically active supplements with MI and folic acid for pregnant women reduces the likelihood of threatened abortion, preeclampsia, placental dysfunction, gestational diabetes mellitus, diabetic fetopathy, malformations, oxidative stress in the fetus.Experience has also been accumulated about myo-inositol use in andrology: it plays a decisive role in osmoregulation of seminal fluid and, as a consequence, increasing the progressive sperm motility and speed, increasing the mitochondrial sperm potential, improves libido and potency, helps to increase the endogenous testosterone, and normalizes the men’s hormonal balance. Inositol is a synergist of folates and other B vitamins and significantly potentiates their effect on the human body; it is the basis for the advantages of using combined biological supplements such as Miofolic® and Miofolic® MEN in the clinic for female and male reproduction. Harmonious use of all possible reserves of micronutrient support for the preconception and gestational period with the use of biologically active supplements of MI in combination with folic acid and vitamin B12 is a promising preventive and therapeutic agent in supporting of reproductive system, embryo development, neuroprotection of the fetal brain, ensuring the activity of signaling cascades insulin.
Plasmid profiles and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from abattoirs wastewater within Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria
Authors: Ismaila Olawale Sule , Mutiat Busayo Odebisi-Omokanye , Iyiola Olatunji Oladunjoye , Mariam Muhammed , Sariyat Olayinka Olanrewaju 
Published: December 2020

Background and Objectives: Waste water from abattoirs could harbour bacteria some of which are pathogenic. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the quality of wastewater from some abattoirs in Ilorin, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: The counts of viable bacteria, total coliform, faecal coliform, enterococci, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and Salmonella/Shigella spp. of the wastewater was determined using selective media. The sanitary condition appraisal, antibiotic susceptibility test and plasmid profile of the isolates were assessed using standard methods.
Results: The highest count of viable bacteria and total coliform obtained were 9.0 × 107 and 3.0 × 107 CFU/ml respectively. Faecal coliform and enterococcal count had the same highest value of 3.0 × 105 CFU/ml. The highest count of pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella spp. were 2.5 × 108, 1.9 × 107 and 3.0 × 104 CFU/ml respectively. The abattoirs sanitary scores ranged from 28.6-57.1%. The isolates showed multiple antibiotic resis- tance (MAR) index ranging from 0.5-1.0. Plasmid curing with 0.1 mg/ml of acridine orange solution led to reduction in the MAR index of most of the Gram negative bacteria. Pseudomonas stutzeri was susceptible to all the antibiotics while Proteus vulgaris was resistant to all the antibiotics after curing. Most of the Gram negative bacteria isolated belong to the families Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae while the Gram positive bacteria belong to the families Staphylococcaceae, Enterococcaceae and Streptococcaceae.
Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that wastewaters from the abattoirs were contaminated by bacteria with high MAR index. Most of these bacteria borne their antibiotic resistant factors in their plasmid.
Faith and Revolution: The Case of Islamic Resurgence by Said Nursi in Turkey
Authors: Mohammad Qaisar 
Published: December 2020

Bediuzzaman Said Nursi dedicated his life to the safeguarding and strengthening of faith in God, which for him was the most important issue of the time and was at the heart of religion and the societal system. He believed religious conviction faced severe and combined attacks and was being weakened by unreligious ideologies. Nursi sought to strengthen belief by transforming it from imitation to certainty. He maintained that to be occupied with the fundamentals of belief over and above everything was an absolute necessity and compelling need. This deﬁnition of the problem gave direction to his discourse, and in all his writings Nursi pursued the renewal, revival, and strengthening of the truths of creed, rather than trying to rebuild Islamic political authority and Islamic institutions or expounding Islamic Shariah rules. This is the most important single issue that distinguishes Nursi from his contemporaries. This paper, in this backdrop, anticipates to discuss the signiﬁcance of Nursi’s thoughts, teachings and also explains the importance of Nursi in the formation of ideology that helped the society of Turkey to neutralize anti-religious systems. The aim of this research paper is to explain Nursi’s contributions that proved him to be a faith revivalist and whose works are one of the most ubiquitous read materials in Turkey. This essay is primarily a theoretical one and the methodology adopted for this paper is analytical-historical and descriptive.
The Meaning of Hijrah among Niqobers in Social Media
Authors: Yurisa Penny Respati , Muassomah Muassomah , Abdullah Irwan 
Published: December 2020

Hijrah conception has experienced a shift of meaning between its concept in the Prophet's era and today. Hijrah is often associated with the use of niqob and radicalism. By wearing niqob as a means of hijrah, someone does not merely modify her fashion, but also her behavior. There is also an assumption that those who are not wearing niqob have yet to hijrah. This research aims to ﬁnd out the concept of hijrah for women with niqob, including the background and the inﬂuence of the concept of hijrah on their religiosity. This study employs a descriptive qualitative research method. The data were collected from chats in a Niqober group, in which a discussion on hijrah was conducted. The conversations were captured, selected, sorted, classiﬁed, and displayed in tables. Then, the data were analyzed descriptively and iteratively. The results of this study indicate that today, hijrah has three concepts: a change in circumstance, a change in behavior, and a change in fashion. Wearing a niqob, as a form of hijrah, is inﬂuenced by some factors, such as the factors of partner, family, and environment. The concept of hijrah for Niqobers inﬂuences the meaning in religion. First, hijrah is symbolized with the use of niqob. Second, a woman who does hijrah by wearing niqob is considered to be radical. Third, hijrah using niqob means following the Arabic culture. This study suggests conducting an education related to the concept of hijrah that are believed by the Niqobers. To use niqob does not only mean hijrah, but also it is the Prophet's sunnah, and it is not obligated. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that women who do not wear niqob have yet to commit hijrah.
Geographical Distribution and Risk Factors of Low Birth Weight in Nigeria
Authors: Adeleke Richard , Osayomi Tolulope , Iyanda Ayodeji E. 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUNDLow birth weight (LBW) directly or indirectly accounts for 60% to 80% of all neonatal deaths globally, and it has become an issue of serious health concern with Nigeria with one of the highest infant mortality rates (74/1,000) in the world. Despite the severe health impact, little is understood on the geographical differences in maternal socioeconomic and environmental factors that affect LBW across the states in Nigeria.METHODUsing the spatial epidemiological approach, this study examined the geographical variations in LBW and associated risk factors in Nigeria with the aid of spatial statistics.RESULTSThere was a regional LBW corridor in the extreme north with Yobe state with the highest prevalence rate. Maternal educational attainment and acute maternal malnutrition explained 65.4% (ordinary least squares model) and 70.5% (spatial error model, SEM) of the variation in the geographical pattern of LBW.CONCLUSIONLBW remains an issue of serious health concern in Nigeria. The finding of this study would shed more light on the spatial epidemiology of LBW in Nigeria and also guide public health programs in curtailing the high prevalence rate of LBW.RECOMMENDATIONSThe study recommends health education on nutrition in pregnancy and the need to improve health literacy among women so as to check the high LBW prevalence.
Is the Concept of Midwifery Abdication Evident in Australian Case Law? A Systematic Review of Legal Literature, Court/Tribunal Decisions, and Coronial Findings
Authors: Jefford Elaine , Nolan Samantha J. , Jomeen Julie 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUNDThis review builds upon previous work exploring the concept of Midwifery Abdication, within the national midwifery literature. This article focuses on Australian legal literature, court/tribunal decisions and coronial or coroner's court findings.OBJECTIVETo explore Midwifery Abdication and whether it is evident within Australian caselaw.DATA SOURCESAustralian Legal literature, coronial findings, and court/tribunal decisions reported by the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency, during 2005–2020.ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA1,246 cases were located using the presented search terms. Use of exclusion criteria resulted in the inclusion of 41 cases.METHODSWhile there are no validated tools to appraise caselaw, this review followed a robust protocol that guides the preparation and reporting of systematic reviews. Midwifery Abdication was identified using previously validated, interrelated constructs.RESULTSMidwifery Abdication occurred in 41 cases; that included one or more previously identified constructs. In line with the associated integrative review, a midwife's professional identity, environmental hierarchy and associated culture of social obedience are all shown to act as influencing factors in Midwifery Abdication.LIMITATIONSRigorous and reproducible processes were used; however, limited search functionality of some data sources may have resulted in inadvertent omission of cases. While this review relates to case law in one high-income country it provides a platform for further international research.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGSAcknowledging Midwifery Abdication in Australian caselaw may serve to strengthen the midwifery voice and encourage an enhanced educational and reflective focus on midwifery philosophy and decision-making. Midwifery education must empower midwives to embrace their autonomous status while enhancing their abilities to optimize informed decision-making within a woman-centered midwifery philosophy.
KERAGAMAN GENETIK 64 AKSESI KUNYIT ASAL INDONESIA BERDASARKAN MARKA P450-BASED ANALOGUE (PBA)
Authors: Putri Tresna Kusuma , Anindita Putri Ardhya , Wicaksana Noladhi , Suganda Tarkus , Concibido Vergel , Karuniawan Agung 
Published: December 2020

<em>Turmeric is a rhizome producing plant with many utilization such as for consumption, medicine, and colorant industries. The development of superior turmeric varieties in Indonesia needs to be supported by genetic diversity information availability. Despite its potential, genetic diversity information of Indonesian turmeric has not been widely observed. A molecular marker is used to address genetic diversity information with the accurate result due to minimum environmental influences. PBA can detect the P450 gene as a functional marker, which is related to the synthesis of secondary metabolites in a wide genome area. Thus, it can be used as an alternative marker to identify genetic diversity. This research aimed to obtain genetic diversity information of 64 turmeric accessions using eight primer sets of P450-Based Analogue (PBA). The study was conducted in the Central Laboratory of Padjadjaran University from June 2019 to January 2020. Results showed that the full 133 bands were detected with a range of allele number 8 - 45 bands and an average of 22.3 bands per allele. PIC analysis showed six primer sets of PBA had high polymorphisms ranged from 0.90 to 0.98, hence categorized </em><em>PBA as a highly informative marker. Cluster analysis divided 64 turmeric accessions into two main clusters based on a similarity index ranged from 0.01 to 0.83. The accession of CL-GTL01 origins from Gorontalo had a low similarity coefficient of 0.01 to the other 64 accessions cluster. On the other hand, CL-NTB01 dan CL-PPB01 had the highest similarity index of 0.83. Based on the PIC value, the total number of polymorphic bands, and genetic distance, it can be concluded that local Indonesian turmeric had wide diversity based on PBA marker.</em>
Flow Profiling Using Fiber Optics in a Horizontal Steam Injector with Liner-Deployed Flow Control Devices
Authors: Javaheri Mohammad , Tran Minh , Buell Richard Scot , Gorham Timothy , Munoz Juan David , Sims Jack , Rivas Stephen 
Published: December 2020

SummaryHorizontal steam injectors can improve the efficiency of thermal operations relative to vertical injectors. However, effective in-well and reservoir surveillance are needed to understand steam conformance. Uniform steam-chest development improves the steam/oil ratio in continuous steam injection and accelerates recovery in cyclic steam injection. The conformance of the injected steam can be achieved by flow control devices (FCDs) deployed on either tubing or liner. A new liner-deployed FCD was used in a horizontal steam injector in the Kern River field. The liner-deployed FCD is intended to replace the tubing-deployed FCDs while reducing capital costs, surveillance costs, and well intervention costs for conformance control.Fiber optics was used for surveillance, which is the most promising method in horizontal steam injectors considering reliability, accuracy, and cost. Fiber optic data enables monitoring the performance of liner-deployed FCDs as well as estimating the flow profile along the lateral length. Multimode distributed temperature sensing (DTS) optical fibers and single-mode distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) optical fibers were installed in the well for these objectives. Algorithms for interpreting DTS were improved to include a new technique, shape language modeling (SLM), and a probabilistic approach. The configuration of the FCDs was changed during the first well intervention, and it was monitored by DTS and DAS. Data from both DTS and DAS confirms the open/closed position of the sliding sleeve of FCDs initially and after the intervention. The probabilistic estimates of steam outflow in several FCD configurations match well with the theoretical outflow that is expected from the critical flow of steam through chokes installed in the FCDs.
Effects of Ductility of Organic-Rich Shale on Hydraulic Fracturing: A Fully Coupled Extended-Finite-Element-Method Analysis Using a Modified Cohesive Zone Model
Authors: Huang Chang , Chen Shengli 
Published: December 2020

Summary
The popular cohesive zone model (CZM) that only features decreasing cohesive traction along with crack separation might not adequately represent the fracturing behavior in organic-rich shale because of increased ductility. This paper proposes a novel CZM that can realize various traction/separation laws (TSLs) by a unified formulation to better represent the increased ductility of organic-rich shale. This modified CZM was implemented in a fully coupled in-house poroelastic extended-finite-element-method (XFEM) framework that has been comprehensively verified against the latest analytical solutions. The implications of increased ductility in different forms on hydraulic fracturing were studied using the newly designed progressive parametric study. First, the shape of the TSL affects the hydraulic fracturing given the same cohesive crack energy and tensile strength, which further indicates the necessity of the newly proposed TSL. Second, the initial tensile strength, controlling when the cohesive crack starts propagating, has the greatest effect on the hydraulic fracturing among all TSL shape parameters. The effects of TSL parameters become less significant as the fracturing-fluid viscosity increases. Finally, Young's modulus among four common poroelastic parameters most significantly affects the brittleness of rock formation and hydraulic-fracture lengths. The increase in cohesive energy accompanied by the decrease of Young's modulus can greatly reduce the hydraulic-fracture length under the same injection volume.
Environmental and Genetic Regulation of Plant Height in Soybean
Authors: Yang Qing , Lin Gaoming , Lv Huiyong , Wang Cunhu , Yang Yongqing , Liao Hong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Shoot architecture is fundamentally crucial to crop growth and productivity. As a key component of shoot architecture, plant height is known to be controlled by both genetic and environmental factors, though specific details remain scarce.Results: In this study, 308 representative soybean lines from a core collection and 168 F9 soybean progeny were planted at distinct field sites. The results demonstrated the presence of significant genotype × environment interaction (G × E) effects on traits associated with plant height in a natural soybean population. In total, 19 loci containing 51 QTLs (quantitative trait locus) for plant height were identified across four environments, with 23, 13 and 15 being QTLs for SH (shoot height), SNN (stem node number) and AIL (average internode length), respectively. Significant LOD ranging from 2.50 to 16.46 explained 2.80% - 26.10% of phenotypic variation. Intriguingly, only two loci, Loc11 and Loc19-1, containing 20 QTLs, were simultaneously detected across all environments. Results from Pearson correlation analysis and PCA (principal component analysis) revealed that each of the five agro-meteorological factors and four soil properties significantly affected soybean plant height traits, and that the corresponding QTLs had additive effects. Among significant environmental factors, AD (average day-length), AMaT (average maximum temperature), pH, and AN (available nitrogen) had the largest impacts on soybean plant height. Therefore, in spite of uncontrollable agro-meteorological factors, soybean shoot architecture might be remolded through combined efforts to produce superior soybean genetic materials while also optimizing soil properties.Conclusions: Overall, the comprehensive set of relationships outlined herein among environment factors, soybean genotypes and QTLs in effects on plant height opens new avenues to explore in work aiming to increase soybean yield through improvements in shoot architecture.