bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐139‐5p upregulation alleviated spontaneous recurrent epileptiform discharge‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons via regulating the Notch pathway
Authors: Zhao Chensheng , Yang Fan , Wei Xiaona , Zhang Jingwen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEpilepsy was characterized by the occurrence of spontaneous recurrent epileptiform discharges (SREDs) in neurons. Previous studies suggested that microRNA (miR)−139‐5p and the Notch pathway were implicated in epilepsy; however, their interaction remained vague. Rat primary hippocampal neurons were isolated and identified by immunofluorescence staining. The cells were then used for SREDs model construction and further subjected to flow cytometry for apoptosis detection. Contents of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), super oxidase dismutase (SOD) contents, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the level of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were determined using commercial kits. Target gene and potential binding sites of miR‐139‐5p were predicted with TargetScan and confirmed by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Expressions of miR‐139‐5p, Notch pathway‐related proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins were measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot as needed. The results showed that the hippocampal neurons were microtubule‐associated protein 2 (MAP2)‐positive. miR‐139‐5p was downregulated in SREDs model cells. SREDs promoted apoptosis and increased the contents of LDH, MDA, and ROS and the level of MMP while reducing miR‐139‐5p expression and SOD content in cells, which was reversed by miR‐139‐5p overexpression. Notch‐1 was recognized as the target gene of miR‐139‐5p, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR‐139‐5p. Besides, Notch‐1 overexpression reversed the effects of miR‐139‐5p upregulation on the expressions of Notch pathway‐related proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and MMP in SREDs‐treated cells. Our results indicated that miR‐139‐5p upregulation alleviated SREDs‐induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis via regulating the Notch pathway, which provides new insights into the role of miRNA in the occurrence and development of epilepsy.
Carbon tetrachloride suppresses ER‐Golgi transport by inhibiting COPII vesicle formation on the ER membrane in the RLC‐16 hepatocyte cell line
Authors: Nakagawa Hiroshi , Komori Masayuki , Nishimura Kazuhiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCarbon tetrachloride (CCl4) causes hepatotoxicity in mammals, with its hepatocytic metabolism producing radicals that attack the intracellular membrane system and destabilize intracellular vesicle transport. Inhibition of intracellular transport causes lipid droplet retention and abnormal protein distribution. The intracellular transport of synthesized lipids and proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus is performed by coat complex II (COPII) vesicle transport, but how CCl4 inhibits COPII vesicle transport has not been elucidated. COPII vesicle formation on the ER membrane is initiated by the recruitment of Sar1 protein from the cytoplasm to the ER membrane, followed by that of the COPII coat constituent proteins (Sec23, Sec24, Sec13, and Sec31). In this study, we evaluated the effect of CCl4 on COPII vesicle formation using the RLC‐16 rat hepatocyte cell line. Our results showed that CCl4 suppressed ER‐Golgi transport in RLC‐16 cells. Using a reconstituted system of rat liver tissue‐derived cytoplasm and RLC‐16 cell‐derived ER membranes, CCl4 treatment inhibited the recruitment of Sar1 and Sec13 from the cytosolic fraction to ER membranes. CCl4‐induced changes in the ER membrane accordingly inhibited the accumulation of COPII vesicle‐coated constituent proteins on the ER membrane, as well as the formation of COPII vesicles, which suppressed lipid and protein transport between the ER and Golgi apparatus. Our data suggest that CCl4 inhibits ER‐Golgi intracellular transport by inhibiting COPII vesicle formation on the ER membrane in hepatocytes.
Impact of preexisting coronary arterial disease in patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repair (MitraClip)
Authors: Gifft Kristina , Omran Jad , Ghrair Fadi , Allaham Haytham , Eniezat Mohammad , Abdullah Obai , Enezate Tariq 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionPercutaneous mitral valve repair with Mitraclip device has been approved for the treatment of symptomatic mitral valve regurgitation in patients deemed high surgical risk. It's unclear whether the presence of preexisting coronary arterial disease (CAD) affects the postprocedural outcomes of Mitraclip.MethodsThe study population was extracted from the 2016 Nationwide Readmissions Data (NRD) using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modifications/Procedure Coding System (ICD‐10‐CM/PCS) for Mitraclip, preexisting CAD, and postprocedural complications. Study primary endpoints included in‐hospital all‐cause mortality, cardiogenic shock, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute kidney injury (AKI), stroke, acute respiratory failure, length of hospital stay (LOS), and 30‐day readmission rate.ResultsA total of 2,539 discharges that had Mitraclip during the index hospitalization, 62.3% had history of preexisting CAD. Mean age was 78.5 years and 46.6% were female. Overall, the presence of preexisting CAD was associated with higher AMI (1.6 vs. 0.4%, p < .01), however, there was no significant differences in terms of in‐hospital all‐cause mortality (2.2 vs. 2.6%, p = .52), cardiogenic shock (3.4 vs. 4.1%, p = .39), AKI (14.7 vs. 13.6%, p = .43), stroke (0.9 vs. 0.5%, p = .31), acute respiratory failure (9.7 vs. 8.8%, p = .43), LOS (5.3 vs. 5.3 days, p = .85) or 30‐day readmission rate (14.6 vs. 14.4%, p = .92). These results persisted after adjustment for baseline characteristics. The subgroup of CAD patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality (22.5 vs. 2.0%, p < .01), cardiogenic shock (25.0 vs. 3.3%, p < .01), AMI (22.5 vs. 0.8%, p < .01), AKI (55.0 vs. 13.7%, p < .01), stroke (10.0 vs. 0.6%, p < .01), acute respiratory failure (45.0 vs. 8.8%, p < .01), and longer LOS (21.5 vs. 5.1 days, p < .01), however there was no significant difference in 30‐day readmission rate (15.0 vs. 14.5%, p = .95).ConclusionsPreexisting CAD was associated with higher in‐hospital AMI post‐Mitraclip but with comparable mortality and other morbidities. Patients who received PCI during the same index hospitalization had higher in‐hospital mortality and morbidity.
A large asymptomatic portal vein aneurysm in an old man
Authors: Schilardi Andrea , Ciavarella Alessandro , Carbone Mariangela , Antonica Gianfranco , Berardi Elsa , Sabbà Carlo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUltrasound (US) is a useful tool in diagnosis and follow‐up of portal vein aneurysms (PVA). In the absence of international surgical guidelines on PVAs, US can be effectively used in follow‐up of asymptomatic patients not suitable for surgery.
Early surgical aortic bioprosthesis failure caused by cusp tear: A word of caution
Authors: Schaeffer Thibault , Berdajs Denis , Reuthebuch Oliver 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCusp tear is an increasingly described mode of failure of the Trifecta aortic bioprosthesis. Acute aortic regurgitation after implantation of a Trifecta in absence of endocarditis should suggest a cusp tear and be promptly treated with redo surgery.
Prolonged 59‐day course of COVID‐19: The case of a SARS‐CoV‐2 shedding persistency in a healthcare provider
Authors: Penchenat Adeline , Alavi Zarrin , Payan Christopher , Pers Jacques‐Olivier 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor health professionals, repeated SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection through PCR combined with properly validated serologic assays for the presence of anti‐IgM and anti‐IgG antibodies should be mandatory.
(Fe,Co)/N‐Doped Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Rechargeable Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Qi Yugang , Yuan Shan , Cui Lili , Wang Zizhun , He Xingquan , Zhang Wei , Asefa Tewodros 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe design and fabrication of efficient, less costly, and stable bifunctional oxygen electrode electrocatalysts is crucial for large‐scale production of rechargeable zinc‐air batteries. Herein, electrocatalytically active, hybrid materials composed of Fe−Co alloy nanoparticles‐embedded N‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are synthesized from Fe/Co‐polyporphyrin‐CNTs via pyrolysis. The materials serve as highly effective bifunctional oxygen electrode catalysts for zinc‐air batteries. In particular, the one synthesized at 700 °C, named CNTs@(Fe,Co)PP‐700, shows a very good activity for both the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline solution. This material catalyzes ORR with a limiting current density of 5.11 mA cm−2 and a half‐wave potential of 0.86 V vs RHE. It also catalyzes OER with 10 mA cm−2 at a small overpotential of 360 mV. Besides, it operates well as an air cathode in a home‐made rechargeable zinc‐air battery, with a small voltage gap of 0.71 V at 2 mA cm−2, while remaining stable in hundreds of charge‐discharge cycles for >83 h. Its performance in a zinc‐air battery is better than that of a benchmark air‐electrode containing noble metals, Pt/C+RuO2.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Co‐doped Nanoporous Carbons from Phosphoprotein/Silica Self‐Assemblies for Energy Storage in Supercapacitors
Authors: Fragal Vanessa H. , Fragal Elizângela H. , da Silva Elisangela P. , Acerce Muharrem , Chhowalla Manish , Rubira Adley F. , Tambourgi Elias B. , Asefa Tewodros , Silva Rafael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work, nanoporous, heteroatom‐doped carbon materials with tailorable structures and excellent charge/energy storage properties are synthesized using casein (a phosphoprotein) as a precursor and silica gel as a template via a facile synthetic route. The synthesis involves carbonization and etching. In the synthesis, an appreciable amount of the N and P atoms in casein make it as dopants into the nanoporous carbons, enabling the materials to efficiently store charge. The structures and compositions as well as the overall charge storage properties of the materials are easily tuned by varying the relative amount of silica gel template used with casein in the precursors. By using an optimal amount of silica in the casein/silica self‐assemblies, a nanoporous carbon with low resistance to Faradaic processes and good capacitance and pseudocapacitance is obtained. This material gives a capacitance of ca. 261 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, which is higher than those of many recently reported carbon materials in the literature. Moreover, the material retains 95 % of the initial capacitance with ca. 100 % of coulombic efficiency after 10,000 charge‐discharge cycles.
One‐Pot Hydrothermal Synthesis of Ni3S2/MoS2/FeOOH Hierarchical Microspheres on Ni Foam as a High‐Efficiency and Durable Dual‐Function Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Fan Chen , Yue Xiaoyang , Shen Xiaoping , Cheng Jia , Ke Wentao , Ji Zhenyuan , Yuan Aihua , Zhu Guoxing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting is a valid way for production of the pollution‐free, cost‐effective and sustainable hydrogen energy. Herein, Ni3S2/MoS2/FeOOH hierarchical microspheres constructed by nanobelt building blocks were directly grown on Ni foam via a simple one‐pot hydrothermal approach. Benefitting from the synergistic effect of these components as well as the unique hierarchical microsphere structure, Ni3S2/MoS2/FeOOH exhibits superior dual‐function electrocatalytic activity for water splitting in 1.0 M KOH, with low overpotentials of 219 mV for OER at 100 mA cm−2 and 76 mV for HER at 10 mA cm−2. The electrolyzer based on the Ni3S2/MoS2/FeOOH electrodes only needs a low cell voltage of 1.52 V to drive water splitting at 10 mA cm−2, which is comparable to the state‐of‐the‐art Pt−C||IrO2 couple (1.50 V). The cost‐efficient and high‐performance Ni3S2/MoS2/FeOOH bifunctional electrocatalyst developed in this work exhibits a potential application prospect in industrial hydrogen production.
Ferrite production with fluidized bed calcination
Authors: Adachi Yoshiro , Horio Masayuki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor the process intensification of ferrite production, fluidized bed calcination of raw‐mix (RM) particles for strontium ferrite was tested in a laboratory scale fluidized bed. In cases when the bed was made only of RM particles, agglomeration took place above 900 K, and above 1350 K rapid defluidization was unavoidable. However, successful calcination with no defluidization was achieved by calcining RM particles in the bed of coarse spherical alumina particles. One kilogram of calcined product was produced by repeated batch calcination at 1423 K and with retention time of 60 minutes. The products were made into magnets and their magnetic properties were evaluated. The magnetic properties of fluidized bed product were compatible with rotary kiln products, although residue of unreacted Fe2O3 seemed to have detracted the former somewhat. The presence of unreacted Fe2O3 was found to be caused by the selective adhesion of SrCO3 on the bed material. A slight adjustment of Fe/Sr ratio in the RM was found to be effective in the elimination of such residuals.
A Top‐Down Approach towards Cu(I) Alkynyl Clusters with Unusual Geometry
Authors: Li Huan , Li Ting , Liu Shuimiao , Qu Mei , Liang Linfeng , Zhang Fengwei , Zhang Xian‐Ming 
Published: November 2020

Main observation and conclusionTo search for novel Cu(I) complexes, traditional approaches focus on designing and screening ligands, metal precursors and reaction parameters. In this report, we propose a top‐down approach, in which Cu precursor is first reduced to nanoparticles in the presence of alkynyl and phosphine ligands. The nanoparticles then undergo an auto‐oxidation step in open air to give CuO powder. During this process, a new tetranuclear Cu(I) cluster with an unprecedented centered triangular configuration, [Cu4(PhC≡C)3(dppp)3]NO3, is isolated in the supernatant. To demonstrate the feasibility of such strategy, it is applied to synthesize another two new Cu(I) clusters, [Cu6 (PhC≡C)5(dppe)3]NO3 and Cu4(PhC≡C)4(dpph)2. The latter has shown a photoluminescence at 511 nm with a quantum yield of as high as 69.84%.
S‐Doped Magnetic Mesoporous Carbon for Efficient Adsorption of Methyl Orange from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Xu Jiangyan , Zhai Shiman , Zhu Bo , Liu Jingxin , Lu Aimin , Jiang Hongmei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA simple and rapid soft‐templating coupled with one‐pot solvent thermal method is developed to synthesize S‐doped magnetic mesoporous carbon (S‐doped MMC). In this method, phenolic resin is used as a carbon precursor and Pluronic copolymer P123 is used as a template and 2,5‐dimercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole is used as sulfur source. Prepared S‐doped MMC processes a high specific surface area, the Fe3O4 particles are well embedded in the mesoporous carbon walls that exhibit a strong magnetic response, and the hydrated iron nitrate loading amount of 0.808 g is the best. Batch adsorption experiments are carried out at different pH, initial concentration, temperature, and contact time on the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) by S‐doped MMC. The kinetic data of the adsorption process are better fitted with pseudo‐second‐order model than the pseudo‐first‐order model. Langmuir model is more suitable for the equilibrium data than Freundlich model. The thermodynamic parameters including ΔG0, ΔH0, and ΔS0 indicate that the adsorption is a feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic process. Finally, it is found that the coexistence of PO43−, NO3−, SO42−, Cl−, and CO32− does not influence the adsorption process. These results illustrate S‐doped MMC can be an efficient adsorbent for the removal of MO from wastewater.
Artificial Intelligence Applied to the Rapid Identification of New Antimalarial Candidates with Dual‐Stage Activity
Authors: Lima Marilia N. N. , Borba Joyce V. B. , Cassiano Gustavo C. , Mottin Melina , Mendonça Sabrina S. , Silva Arthur C. , Tomaz Kaira C. P. , Calit Juliana , Bargieri Daniel Y. , Costa Fabio T. M. , Andrade Carolina H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIncreasing reports of multidrug‐resistant malaria parasites urge the discovery of new effective drugs with different chemical scaffolds. Protein kinases play a key role in many cellular processes such as signal transduction and cell division, making them interesting targets in many diseases. Protein kinase 7 (PK7) is an orphan kinase from thePlasmodiumgenus, essential for the sporogonic cycle of these parasites. Here, we applied a robust and integrative artificial intelligence‐assisted virtual‐screening (VS) approach using shape‐based and machine learning models to identify new potential PK7 inhibitors within vitroantiplasmodial activity. Eight virtual hits were experimentally evaluated, and compound LabMol‐167 inhibited ookinete conversion ofPlasmodium bergheiand blood stages ofPlasmodium falciparumat nanomolar concentrations with low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. As PK7 does not have an essential role in thePlasmodiumblood stage and our virtual screening strategy aimed for both PK7 and blood‐stage inhibition, we conducted anin silicotarget fishing approach and propose that this compound might also inhibitP. falciparumPK5, acting as a possible dual‐target inhibitor. Finally, docking studies of LabMol‐167 withP. falciparumPK7 and PK5 proteins highlighted key interactions for further hit‐to lead optimization.
Quantitative assessment of amygdala in Macaca fascicularis monkeys
Authors: Delgado‐González José‐Carlos , de la Rosa Prieto Carlos , Vallejo‐Calcerrada Nuria , Tarruela‐Hernández Diana‐Lucía , Cebada‐Sánchez Sandra , Insausti Ricardo , Artacho‐Pérula Emilio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe amygdaloid complex (AC) is involved in very relevant cognitive and emotional pathways and exhibits changes in aging and in some neurological and psychiatric disorders. The quantitative estimators of AC could be useful to understand the impact of amygdaloid pathology in these processes, both globally and for each nucleus in particular, and their neurons. The present study analyzes morphometric and stereological estimators in the whole AC and its three main nuclei (lateral [La], basal [Ba], and accessory basal [AB]) in six Macaca fascicularis monkeys. All the brains were fixed and sectioned in the coronal plane; Nissl‐stained sections were used for estimation of size and form parameters in both, the AC, and the La, Ba, and AB nuclei separately. The study includes stereological estimates of the volume and surface area of the AC; also, volume of the neurons in the amygdaloid nuclei was estimated using the point‐sampled intercepts method. Our results show that the AB nucleus is smaller than both the La and Ba nuclei in both morphometric and stereological estimators. Brain hemispheric side had not significant influence on any of quantitative estimates. The neuron volume was higher in the AB nucleus relative to LA and Ba of the nuclei. These data describe some quantitative parameters of the amygdaloid complex and their main nuclei that could help us to detect small changes in neurodegenerative and other pathological processes.
ThH5: An Actinide‐Containing Superhalogen Molecule
Authors: Marshall Mary , Zhu Zhaoguo , Harris Rachel , Bowen Kit H. , Wang Wei , Wang Jie , Gong Chu , Zhang Xinxing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThorium and its compounds have been widely investigated as important nuclear materials. Previous research focused on the potential use of thorium hydrides, such as ThH2, ThH4, and Th4H15, as nuclear fuels. Here, we report studies of the anion, ThH5−, by anion photoelectron spectroscopy and computations. The resulting experimental and theoretical vertical detachment energies (VDE) for ThH5− are 4.09 eV and 4.11 eV, respectively. These values and the agreement between theory and experiment facilitated the characterization of the structure of the ThH5− anion and showed its neutral counterpart, ThH5 to be a superhalogen. ThH5−, which exhibits a C4v structure with five Th−H single bonds, possesses the largest known H/M ratio among the actinide elements, M. The adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) method was used to further analyze the chemical bonding of ThH5− and to confirm the existence of five Th−H single bonds in the ThH5− molecular anion.
Biocompatible Multifunctional Theranostic Nanoprobe for Imaging and Chemotherapy in Solid‐Tumor‐Bearing Mice
Authors: Rajalekshmi Dhanya Chandrasekharan , Jeyaraman Jaishree , Sainulabdeen Sherin , Soumya Mohanannair S. , Abraham Annie , Sivakumar Sri 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTheranostic carriers are widely studied as they can be exploited for both imaging and drug delivery. However, although there are reports suggesting their in vitro level imaging and drug release, there is necessity to display the application (drug delivery/bioimaging/toxicity) at an in vivo level, which is a pre‐requisite for clinical use. Herein, we demonstrate targeted in vivo imaging and biodistribution in Swiss Albino mice solid tumor model using PEGylated polymer capsules encapsulating LaVO4 : Tb3+nanoparticles (concentration of nanoparticles ∼3.4 μM LaVO4/kg body weight). The capsules were further loaded with doxorubicin for drug delivery which shows tumor regression at different time intervals in tumor mice model. We have further investigated the tumor marker enzymes including β‐glucuronidase, myeloperoxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase which clearly suggest the reversion to near normal levels after treating with doxorubicin‐loaded polymer capsules for 30 days. comet assay shows DNA damage in tumor cells induced by doxorubicin. Histology studies performed in tumor tissue and liver show obliteration of tumor cells after treating with doxorubicin‐loaded PEGylated polymer capsules encapsulating LaVO4 : Tb3+nanoparticles. It has also been observed that the weight of the spleen which was enlarged in solid‐tumor‐bearing mice is significantly lower in animals treated with drug‐loaded capsules.
Learnification and the outcomes‐focused curriculum: The case of secondary school English in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Hughson Taylor A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe last 30 years have witnessed a global ‘curricular turn’, with curricula increasingly moving from specifying particular content to specifying broad, skill‐based ‘learning objectives’. This paper explores the implications of this curricular turn through a critical assessment of the current state of secondary school English in Aotearoa New Zealand. This is achieved through a critical discourse analysis of key curricular and assessment documents and a series of semi‐structured interviews with English teachers. Biesta's concept of ‘learnification’, which captures how contemporary schooling can focus on learning in a way which can obscure important questions of what students are learning and why, is used as a lens through which to analyse this data. The paper argues that secondary school English in New Zealand is highly ‘learnified’, that is, both official documents and teachers are concerned above all else with ensuring ‘learning’ is happening and ‘learning objectives’ are being met, rather than with bigger questions of purpose. This problematically decreases the opportunity for what Biesta calls a ‘pedagogy of interruption’: the opportunity for curricular encounters to challenge and extend students’ horizons.