bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure des populations de <i>Tamarindus indica</i> L. dans la zone Sud-Ouest du Niger
Authors: Garba Amadou , Amani Abdou , Douma Soumana , Sina Abdoul Kader Soumaila , Mahamane Ali 
Published: June 2020

L’état des populations de Tamarindus indica L. des zones sud-ouest du Niger a été établi à travers l’analyse de leur structure demographiques. L’étude a été conduite dans les communes rurales du département de Torodi, région de Tillabéry et de Bana et Tanda du département de Gaya, région de Dosso. Les données ont été collectées au moyen des relevés floristiques et des mesures de diamètres à 1,30 m pour les arbres et à 20 cm pour les arbustes et par le comptage des individus ayant un diamètre inférieur à 5 cm (d > 5 cm). Les résultats obtenus montrent que les densités de l’espèce au niveau des trois sites sont faibles et comprises entre 1 à 10 individus /ha, avec un taux de régénération nul. Les distributions observées des structures en diamètres et en hauteur s’ajustent avec les distributions théoriques de Weibull. Les valeurs du paramètre de forme C, supérieures à 3,6 (C > 3,6) pour les structures en diamètres, caractérisent une distribution asymétrique négative ou asymétrique gauche, caractéristique des peuplements monospécifiques à prédominance d’individus âgés.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Mots clés: Tamarinsus indica, structure, populations, Niger
English Title: Demographical structure of the Tamarindus indica L. in southwest of Niger (north Soudan)
English Abstract
The status of Tamarindus indica populations in southwestern Niger has been established through the analysis of their population structure. The current study was conducted in the rural district of Torodi province, Tillabéry Region and the rural district of Bana and Tanda of Gaya province, Dosso Region. Data have been collected by means of floristic sampling, and measuring diameters of 1.3 meter for trees and 20 centimeters for shrubs, and counting species with less than five centimer diameters (d > 5 cm). The results have revealed that the density of the species at the three sites is lower and between 1 to 10 species per acre. The structure distributions observed in terms of diameter and height are in lign with Weibull theoretical distributions. The form C parameter is superior than 3.6 (C > 3.6) for the diameter structures, characterize a negative asymmetric or left asymmetric distribution, characteristic of monospecific stands with a predominance of older individual.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Tamarindus indica, structure, populations, Niger
Antioxidant and anti-gastroenteritis activities of <i>Funtumia elastica</i> (Apocynaceae) and <i>Caesalpinia bonduc</i> (Caeasalpiniaceae)
Authors: Ouattara Abou , Traore Youssouf , Ouattara Gboko Abiba , Konate Gnidian , Ouattara Karamoko , Coulibaly Adama 
Published: June 2020

Oxidative stress and infectious diseases are health problems on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-gastroenteritis activities of hydroethanolic extracts of leaves of Funtumia elastica and Caesalpinia bonduc. After obtaining the hydroethanolic extracts, the phytochemical tests were carried out. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by different assays using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and lipid peroxidation inhibition (FTC and TBARS methods). The agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity to the plant extract. The triphytochemical study has revealed that these plants extracts contain a diversity of secondary metabolites. F. elastica gave a good anti-radical activity (IC50 = 36 μg/ml). F. elastica recorded the highest rate of inhibition of lipid peroxidation with 63% (FTC method) and 65% (TBARS method). C. bonduc extract (200 mg/ml) inhibited the in vitro growth of all the bacterial strains studied in this study with inhibition diameters that evolved between 9 mm and 13 mm. These plant extracts could be used if they are improved for the treatment of gastroenteritis related to Shigella and Escherichia coli and in the care of pathologies related to oxidative stress.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Antioxidant, anti-gastroenteritis, Funtumia elastica, Caesalpinia bonduc, hydroethanolic extracts
Caractérisation des propriétés physico-chimiques et chimiques d'un compost issu d'un mélange de rafles de palmier et de fientes de volaille au Sud-Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Gnimassoun Edwige-Gwladys Kawojou , Ettien Jean Baptiste Djétchi , Masse Dominique 
Published: June 2020

En Côte d’Ivoire, la pauvreté des sols est une contrainte pour la productivité agricole. L’objectif de cette étude était de produire un compost à base de rafles de palmier afin d’améliorer les propriétés physicochimiques des sols pauvres en matières organiques. Quatre traitements T0 (720 kg de rafles + 0 kg de fientes de volaille), T1 (720 kg de rafles + 200 kg de fientes de volaille), T2 (720 kg de rafles + 400 kg de fientes de volaille) et T3 (720 kg de rafles + 600 kg de fientes de volaille), ont été compostés durant 6 mois. Les teneurs en nutriments et éléments traces métalliques (ETM) dans chacun des traitements ont été évaluées et comparées les unes par rapport aux autres. Le traitement T3 a révélé des teneurs élevées en N (14840 mg.kg-1), P (6327,5 mg.kg-1), K (19930 mg.kg-1), Mg (14160 mg.kg-1) et Ca (4140 mg.kg-1) et des concentrations en ETM en deçà des seuils de toxicité avec Pb : 88,5 mg.kg-1, Zn : 167,5 mg.kg-1et Cr : 58 mg.kg-1). Ce compost pourrait donc être utilisé comme amendement pour ces ferralsols marginaux dans le Sud-Ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Mots clés: Rafles de palmier, compost, fertilité des sols, ETM, Côte d’Ivoire
English Title: Characterization of the physicochemical and chemical properties of a compost issued from a mixture of palm empty fruit bunch and chicken manure in South West of Côte d’Ivoire
English Abstract
In Côte d’Ivoire, soil poverty reduces agricultural productivity. The aim of this study is to produce compost based on palm stalks to improve the physico-chemical properties of sandy soils with low organic matter content. Four treatments T0 (720 kg of empty fruit bunch + 0 kg of chicken manure), T1 (720 kg of empty fruit bunch + 200 kg of chicken manure), T2 (720 kg of empty fruit bunch + 400 kg of chicken manure) and T3 (720 kg of empty fruit bunch + 600 kg of chicken manure) of mixed various quantities of palm empty fruit bunch and chicken manure were up in field for 6 months. The levels of nutrients and heavy metal contents in each treatment were evaluated and compared against each other. Treatment T3 highlights high levels of N (14840 mg.kg-1), P (6327.5 mg.kg-1), K (19930 mg.kg-1), Mg (14160 mg.kg-1) and Ca (4140 mg.kg-1) and heavy metal content below the toxicity thresholds (Pb: 88.5 mg.kg-1, Zn: 167.5 mg.kg-1 and Cr: 58 mg.kg-1). This compost could therefore be used as sandy soil amendment in the South West of Côte d’Ivoire.
© 2020 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Palm empty fruit bunch, compost, soil fertility, heavy metal, Côte d’Ivoire
Impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (<i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i>) on disease symptoms caused by the ascomycete fungus (<i>Mycosphaerella fijiensis M.</i>) in Black Sigatoka-resistant banana plantain
Authors: Anda Corinne Coretta Oye , Ndong Auguste Ndoutoume , Ndoutoumou Pamphile Nguema , Loubana Pierre Michel 
Published: June 2020

Banana (Musa spp.) is grown throughout the tropical and subtropical areas. The Black Sigatoka, however, represents a major threat to world production. This study evaluates the effect of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 on four plantain cultivars with different resistance against Mycosphaerella fijiensis. The mycorrhized banana plantlets of four cultivars were grown under greenhouse and the effect of AMF on micropropagated banana plantlets was evaluated. After 35 days, the height and the diameter of the pseudostem, then the leaf area were measured. The significant effect of the cultivar on the height of the pseudostem and the leaf area and significant effect of M. fijiensis on the diameter of the pseudostem, the height of the pseudostem and the leaf area were obtained. Plants infected with M. fijiensis show more symptoms of the disease than healthy plants. Symptoms were delayed in bananas inoculated with AMF compared to bananas not inoculated with AMF. The disease progressed more rapidly in cultivars Bâtard and C292 than in cultivars CRBP39 and F568. These results suggest that AMF may decrease symptoms of Sigatoka, at the early stage of infection with M. fijiensis. AMF may be a promising tool for the pre-adaptation of micropropagated banana plantlets.
Keywords: Plantain, Rhizophagus irregularis, arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, Mycosphaerella fijiensis, disease control method.
Réponse du sésame (<i>Sesamum indicum L.</i>) à l’inoculation mycorhizienne avec des souches des champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires indigènes du Burkina Faso
Authors: Haro Hadou , Sanon Kadidia B. 
Published: June 2020

Au Burkina Faso, le sésame est essentiellement une culture de rente. Sa production augmente progressivement alors que son rendement baisse d’année en année. Ceci est lié à la pauvreté du sol en éléments minéraux tels que l’azote et le phosphore assimilable entrainant une augmentation des superficies emblavées pour cette culture et une utilisation des intrants chimiques de plus en plus grande. Or les intrants chimiques ont montré leurs limites dans leur utilisation. C’est ainsi que cette étude a été initiée afin de contribuer à l’amélioration de la production agricole durable. Dans cette étude le sésame a été cultivé en serre et inoculé avec deux inocula mycorhiziens indigènes. Les paramètres de croissance ont été mesurés à 30 et 60 jours après semis. La biomasse aérienne, racinaire et totale ont été évaluées à 60 jours après semis. Les résultats montrent une amélioration de la croissance en hauteur de 431,25%, taux de croissance relative en hauteur de 145,87%, diamètre au collet de 163,92%, biomasse aérienne de 102,9%, biomasse racinaire de 126,67% et de la biomasse totale de 110,1% par l’inoculation. Cette étude a montré des résultats prometteurs et mérite d’être approfondie par des essais aux champs.
Mots clés : Sésame, inoculation mycorhizienne, champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires, Burkina Faso.
English Title: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) response to mycorrhizal inoculation with native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to Burkina Faso
In Burkina Faso, sesame is essentially a cash crop. Its production is gradually increasing while its yield decreases. This is linked to the soil poverty in mineral elements such as available nitrogen and phosphorus leading to an increase in the area sown for this crop and an increasing use of chemical inputs. However, chemical inputs have shown their limits in their use. This is how this study was initiated to help improve sustainable agricultural production. In this study, sesame was grown in greenhouse and inoculated with two inocula of native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (M1 and M2) from Burkina Faso. The growth parameters were measured at 30 and 60 days after sowing. Shoot, root and total biomass were assessed at 60 days after sowing. The results obtained show an improvement in height growth of 431.25%, the relative growth rate in height of 145.87%, the collar diameter of 163.92%, the aboveground biomass of 102.9%, root biomass of 126.67% and total biomass of 110.1% of plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compared to the inoculated control. This study has shown promising results and deserves to be deepened by field tests to assess the effect of this inoculation on sesame yield.Keywords: Sesame, mycorrhizal inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Burkina Faso.
Biosecurity risks of invasive alien insect pest species pathways through shared borders with Nigeria
Authors: Bobadoye B.O. , Bobadoye A.O. 
Published: June 2020

Understanding the biosecurity risks that invasive alien insect pest species currently ravaging forest trees pose is of great importance to forest ecosystems and health. This problem has posed significant challenges to researchers, relevant stakeholders, policy makers and national biosecurity agencies worldwide. This study gives an overview of the top 15 suspected insect pest species most likely to invade or have already invaded forested habitats in order to disrupt ecosystem services and biodiversity within the borders of Nigeria through borderline states (Gombe, Jigawa, Borno, Yobe, Sokoto, Cross River and Lagos). For Nigeria as a whole, all of these top 15 pest species have already established, with identified intra- border line states having no significant effect on severity of invasions ( F1,6=0.07, P=0.910) when compared to identified inter-border line states. This study concludes that the immediate biosecurity risks from already identified invasive insect pests are greater from outside country (inter) borders of Nigeria than within state-to-state (intra) borders of Nigeria. Our findings have potentially significant implications for immediate implementation of national biosecurity forest policy Acts in compliance with Cartagena and Nagoya protocols, emphasizing the need to initiate and implement biosecurity measures simultaneously with any ongoing trans-national border interventions.
Keywords: Biosecurity, invasive alien pest species, forests, Nigeria
Effect of alley plants species and plantain cultivars on yield of 60-day cowpea grain in Umudike Southern Nigeria
Authors: Onyenso A.I. , Nwobodo K.A. , Yakubu A.M. , Onyenweaku L.N. 
Published: June 2020

Alley cropping or hedgerow intercropping is one of the many sub-systems of agroforestry technology. A 5 x 3 factorial experiment in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used to determine the effect of four alley woody species and three plantain cultivars on the yield of 60-day cowpea grain in the 2017 and 2018 farming seasons. The Alley species, plantain cultivars and Alley species x plantain cultivars treatment interactions showed no significant effects (p<0.05) on cowpea grain yield. Students t-test on the two farming seasons showed significant increase in yield of cowpea grain in 2018 than in 2017. Alley cropping technology could increase 60-day cowpea grain yield due to improved soil fertility in the system.
Keywords: alley cropping, yield, 60-day cowpea, alley woody species, plantain cultivars
Improvement of bus voltage profiles of Nigerian power network in the presence of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)
Authors: Anichebe I.B. , Ekwue A.O. 
Published: June 2020

Frequent blackouts and unstable supply of electricity show that the voltage instability problem has been one of the major challenges facing the power system network in Nigeria. This study investigates the voltage stability analysis of the Nigerian power network in the presence of renewable energy sources; FACTS device is used as a voltage controller. A 330kV, 28-bus power system network was studied using the PSS/E software-based Newton-Raphson load-flow technique. The results show that 10 out of the 28 buses had voltages lying below the statutory limit of 0.95 ≤ 1.05 p.u. The application of STATCOM and DFIG devices on two of the weakest buses restored the voltages to acceptable statutory limits. The total active and reactive power losses were reduced to 18.76% and 18.82% respectively.
Keywords: Voltage stability analysis; Integration of renewable energy sources; FACTS controllers, Reactive Power, Power Flow.
Temporal variation of groundwater resources in Ilesa West Local Government, Osun State Nigeria
Authors: Fadipe O.O. , Oladepo K.T. 
Published: June 2020

The study was carried out to investigate the different groundwater resources and to generate the temporal differences over the different seasons in Ilesa West Local Government, Osun State, Nigeria. The LGA has not been provided with municipal pipe-borne water supply for over 30 years, hence they are exclusively using groundwater in form of boreholes, dugwells and springs. The physico- chemical and heavy metal parameters were determined over a period of one year covering the rainy and dry seasons. A total of 69 drinking water points which comprises of 63 dugwells, 5 boreholes and 1 spring were used for the study and they were selected to represent the built-up part of the entire study area adequately. Parameters analysed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, sulphate, nitrate, sodium, potassium (K), calcium, magnesium, hardness, alkalinity, bicarbonate using standard methods. Analysis of heavy metals (Fe, Cr) was carried out with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and microbiological analysis was conducted using most probable number (MPN) of counting coliforms. The data generated were subjected to descriptive statistics and line graph. The analysis of the different groundwater resources revealed a good water quality but the values of pH, TDS, EC, K, were higher than the permissible range. The concentration of Fe and Cr is very high and could constitute some health hazards in some sources. The temporal variation of the water quality parameters did not follow any definite trend but the pH, NO3, TDS, HCO3, SO4, Fe, Cr were highest in the dry months of April and December, while Ca, Mg, K, Na, hardness, and alkalinity were highest in the rainy months of June and August. The percentage of microbial distribution was highest in the months of June in the boreholes and the spring but the distribution in the dugwells was entirely different. The water from the boreholes and dugwells were generally soft and should be checked for plumbo-solvency. It is recommended that a routine monitoring of all the sources should be carried out and a treatment that will reduce the heavy metals concentrations be enforced.
Keywords: Groundwater resources, physico-chemical parameters, temporal variations, dugwells, boreholes and spring.
Vesico-uterine fistula associated with secondary infertility: A case of successful repair
Authors: Ogunlaja O.A. , Abiola O.O. , Ogunlaja I.P. , Awotunde O.T. 
Published: June 2020

Genitourinary fistulas usually have devastating consequences on a woman's reproductive health. vesicouterine fistulae though uncommon variant of genitourinary fistula, are usually due to iatrogenic etiologies. The case reported was diagnosed after second caesarean section when she was being evaluated for secondary infertility.
Keywords: Youseff 'syndrome, Amenorrhea, Caesarean Section, Fistula,
Genome-wide genetic diversity, population structure and admixture analysis in Eritrean Indigenous Cattle
Authors: Goitom S , Gicheha M.G. , Njonge F.K. , Kiplangat N 
Published: June 2020

Indigenous cattle play a vital role in subsistence and livelihood of pastoral producers in Eritrea. In order to optimally utilize and conserve these valuable indigenous cattle genetic resources, the need to carry out an inventory of their genetic diversity was recognized. This study assessed the genetic variability, population structure and admixture of the indigenous cattle populations (ICPs) of Eritrea using a genotype by sequencing (GBS) approach. The authors genotyped 188 animals, which were sampled from 27 cattle populations in three diverse agro-ecological zones (western lowlands, highlands and eastern lowlands). The genome-wide analysis results from this study revealed genetic diversity, population structure and admixture among the ICPs. Averages of the minor allele frequency (AF), observed heterozygosity (HO), expected heterozygosity (HE), and inbreeding coefficient (FIS) were 0.157, 0.255, 0.218, and -0.089, respectively. Nei’s genetic distance (Ds) between populations ranged from 0.24 to 0.27. Mean population differentiation (FST) ranged from 0.01 to 0.30. Analysis of molecular variance revealed high genetic variation between the populations. Principal component analysis and the distance-based unweighted pair group method and arithmetic mean analyses revealed weak substructure among the populations, separating them into three genetic clusters. However, multi-locus clustering had the lowest cross-validation error when two genetically distinct groups were modelled. This information about genetic diversity and population structure of Eritrean ICPs provided a basis for establishing their conservation and genetic improvement programmes.
Keywords: genetic variability, molecular characterization, population differentiation
Photoperiod effects on carcass traits, meat quality, and stress response in heart and lung of broilers
Authors: Baykalir Y , Simsek U.G. , Erisir M , Otlu O , Gungoren G , Gungoren A , Aslan S 
Published: June 2020

This study evaluated effects of photoperiod treatments on slaughter and carcass traits, meat quality, indicators of oxidative stress, and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) levels of lung and heart tissues in broilers. Five hundred Ross 308 broiler chicks were used. The treatments consisted of 23 hours of continuous light and one hour of darkness (23L1D), four hours of light followed by two hours of darkness (4L2D), eight hours of light and four hours of darkness (8L4D), and 16 hours of light and eight hours of darkness (16L8D). After 42 days, two birds from each replicate were slaughtered. Birds that had been subjected to 16L8D had lower slaughter, carcass, and breast weights than the other treatments. Significant correlations were observed for slaughter, carcass and breast weights and white stripe. At 10 min post mortem, the pH of the breast was the highest in 23L1D. Breasts from birds subjected to 23L1D and 16L8D had most fat and least protein, while white striping was not different among treatments. The 4L2D treatment resulted in the highest lung glutathione (GSH) concentration. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH concentrations in the heart tissues of broilers from 8L4D and 4L2D were greater than those from 23L1D and 16:8. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase concentrations were greatest for birds subjected to 16L8D. Heat shock protein 70 was lowest in lung and heart from birds subjected to 8L4D. Thus, shorter and more frequent periods of darkness can be recommended for welfare with little compromise in performance.
Keywords: carcass quality, heat shock protein 70, oxidative stress, white stripe
Relationship of glycogen and lactate concentrations as a pork quality indicator
Authors: Zybert A , Tarczyński K , Sieczkowska H , Krzęcio-Nieczyporuk E , Antosik K 
Published: June 2020

Muscle metabolites greatly determine pork quality. However, precise threshold values which indicate its deterioration or improvement are not fully known. This study aimed to determine the influences of pork Longissimus lumborum (LL) glycogen and lactate concentrations measured at 45 min post mortem on pH, colour (L*a*b*) and drip loss (DL) measured during 144 hours post mortem in order to prescribe appropriate threshold values. The investigation used 30 gilts and 30 barrows being fattened for slaughter. After slaughter, the carcasses were assigned to groups based on the observed levels of glycogen and lactate: low GlyL with glycogen ≤35 μmol/g, GlyM with glycogen between 35 and 55 μmol/g, GlyH with glycogen >55 μmol/g; LacL with lactate ≤40 μmol/g and LacH with lactate >40 μmol/g. Lower muscle pH was noted up to 24 h post mortem in the LacH group compared to LacL (P ≤0.01). 24 h post mortem higher pH was found in GlyL than in GlyM and GlyH (P ≤0.01), which were similar. Similarly no statistical differences were noted between The GlyM and GlyH groups were also similar in L*, DL96 and DL144, with lower values found for GlyL (P ≤0.01). Compared to LacH, LacL had lower L*, DL48, DL96 and DL144 (P ≤0.01) and higher a* and b* values. Muscle pH, drip loss, L* and a* values were more affected by lactate concentration if the glycogen concentration ≥35 μmol/g muscle tissue. Thus, metabolite concentration may be a useful and valuable indicator of pork quality.
Keywords: drip loss, glycolytic resources, pork colour, post-mortem muscle metabolism