bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neohesperidin Dihydrochalcone Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Vascular Endothelium Dysfunction by Regulating Antioxidant Capacity
Authors: Nong Yuxin , Lu Junquan , Yu Danqing , Wei Xuebiao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEndothelial dysfunction is one of the important mechanisms of organ and tissue damage in sepsis. In this study, we evaluated the effects of neohesperidin dihydrochalone (NHDC) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced vascular dysfunction and explored the potential mechanisms.MethodsIn vivo, we assessed vascular leakage in mice by injecting Evans blue dye. In vitro, cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay and flow cytometry were used to assess the activity of HUVEC and apoptosis. The effect of LPS on HUVEC barrier was assessed using FITC‐extend membrane assay. The adhesion ability of HUVEC was tested by THP‐1 cell adhesion assay. The antioxidant capacity of cells was measured by detecting the level of mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, and content of CAT, SOD, GSH, and MDA within the cells. Furthermore, the release of endothelial IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α were detected by ELISA, and the expression level of TAK1, ERK1/2, and NFκB were detected by western blot.ResultsTreatment with NHDC effectively alleviated LPS‐induced endothelial permeability and organ damage by reducing reactive oxygen species production and enhancing the antioxidant response. Further investigation suggested that NHDC may exert its protective effects by inhibiting the release of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α, and by decreasing the phosphorylation of key inflammatory signaling molecules, including transforming growth factor‐β‐activated kinase 1 (TAK1), extracellular signal‐regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB).ConclusionsOur study indicate that pretreatment with NHDC may provide protection against LPS‐induced vascular dysfunction by reducing oxidative stress and activation of inflammatory signaling pathways.
Vancomycin‐intermediate Staphylococcus aureus employs CcpA‐GlmS metabolism regulatory cascade to resist vancomycin
Authors: Peng Huagang , Rao Yifan , Shang Weilong , Yang Yi , Tan Li , Liu Lu , Hu Zhen , Wang Yuting , Huang Xiaonan , Liu He , Li Mengyang , Guo Zuwen , Chen Juan , Yang Yuhua , Wu Jianghong , Yuan Wenchang , Hu Qiwen , Rao Xiancai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVancomycin (VAN)‐intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) is a critical cause of VAN treatment failure worldwide. Multiple genetic changes are reportedly associated with VISA formation, whereas VISA strains often present common phenotypes, such as reduced autolysis and thickened cell wall. However, how mutated genes lead to VISA common phenotypes remains unclear. Here, we show a metabolism regulatory cascade (CcpA‐GlmS), whereby mutated two‐component systems (TCSs) link to the common phenotypes of VISA. We found that ccpA deletion decreased VAN resistance in VISA strains with diverse genetic backgrounds. Metabolic alteration in VISA was associated with ccpA upregulation, which was directly controlled by TCSs WalKR and GraSR. RNA‐sequencing revealed the crucial roles of CcpA in changing the carbon flow and nitrogen flux of VISA to promote VAN resistance. A gate enzyme (GlmS) that drives carbon flow to the cell wall precursor biosynthesis was upregulated in VISA. CcpA directly controlled glmS expression. Blocking CcpA sensitized VISA strains to VAN treatment in vitro and in vivo. Overall, this work uncovers a link between the formation of VISA phenotypes and commonly mutated genes. Inhibition of CcpA‐GlmS cascade is a promising strategy to restore the therapeutic efficiency of VAN against VISA infections.
Security Protection Method for Electronic Archives Based on Homomorphic Aggregation Signature Scheme in Mobile Network
Authors: Li Junwei , Su Huaquan , Guo Li , Wang Wanshuo , Yang Yongjiao , Wen You , Li Kai , Mo Pingyan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTElectronic archives are now widely used in many different industries and serve as the primary method of information management and storage because of the rapid growth of information technology and mobile networks. To enhance the security of electronic archives in mobile networks, the research utilizes the federated learning mechanism to design a federated learning model based on homomorphic aggregation cryptographic signature scheme combined with mobile network management. The use of homomorphic encryption technology in the signing process of electronic archives enables the aggregation of multiple electronic file signatures into a single signature without exposing the data of the electronic archives. This reduces the computational and storage requirements for signature verification. At the same time, a secure aggregation signature scheme is used to ensure the integrity and security of the data in the aggregation process. A novel approach is presented in this study, whereby trusted federated learning models are innovatively combined with homomorphic aggregate signature technology. This integration ensures data integrity through aggregate signature schemes. The results showed that, under mobile network management, the longest encryption time of the trusted federated learning model was 52 ms, and the longest decryption time was 44 ms. The accuracy of the optimized learning model reached 97.49%, and the loss value was significantly reduced to 0.09. To summarize, the electronic archive security protection method based on homomorphic aggregation signature scheme effectively improves the archive data protection efficiency and security.
Cancer Stage Geospatial Analysis to Optimize Educational Activities in Pediatric Oncology and Hematology: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Barełkowska Monika , Więckowska Barbara , Borowczyk Martyna , Derwich Katarzyna 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEnhancing therapy outcomes in pediatric oncology and hematology relies on robust epidemiological surveillance. This study aimed to estimate cancer stage‐related survival in pediatric patients with lymphoma and solid tumors by assessing changes over time and identifying spatial clustering of patients diagnosed at advanced stages.ProcedureThis retrospective observational cohort study included pediatric cancer patients treated in a single Greater Poland center, constituting 9% of Polish children from 2004 to 2017. The incidence, cancer stage, and patient coordinates were analyzed. The follow‐up period ranged from 5 to 18 years. Survival differences across tumor stages were evaluated using Kaplan‒Meier curves, log‐rank tests, and trend analysis. Geographical analysis was performed with Kulldorff's scan statistics and the Bernoulli model.ResultsAmong 1094 diagnosed patients, 511 with lymphoma and solid tumors were eligible. There was a decreasing trend in advanced‐stage diagnoses (p = 0.0001), with a nearly twofold increase in low‐stage diagnoses (OR = 1.98 [1.22; 3.24], p = 0.0061) from 2009–2011 to 2015–2017. Hazard ratios for neuroblastoma and sarcoma patients were more than fourfold greater, while survival differences were not significant for patients with nephroblastoma, germ cell tumors, or lymphoma.ConclusionsThis study shows cancer stage‐related survival dynamics. A substantial decrease in advanced‐stage diagnoses over time emphasizes improved early detection. Geographical analysis pinpointed clusters with prevalent late‐stage diagnoses, offering a practical tool for targeted educational interventions. The study underscores the pivotal impact of cancer stage on survival outcomes, emphasizing the need for ongoing surveillance and tailored interventions to further optimize pediatric oncology and hematology care.
Tannic acid and aminopropyltriethoxysilane modified basalt fiber/epoxy resin composites with enhanced interfacial and mechanical properties
Authors: Xiang Dong , Chen Chao , Xie Guoqian , Gong Yusheng , Harkin‐Jones Eileen , Liu Haibao , Wang Menghan , Liu Libing , Wu Yuanpeng , Zhao Chunxia , Li Hui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the present study, a mild and eco‐friendly method is adopted to co‐deposit tannic acid (TA) and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) onto the surface of basalt fibers (BFs) in an aqueous medium. Stiffness and strength assessments have been performed on the prepared BF‐TA/1APS/epoxy samples. The obtained results show that the fiber‐matrix interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of modified basalt fiber‐reinforced polymer (BFRP) composites increases by 65.3%, contributing to increases of 38.1%, 31.6%, and 20.9% in the composite flexural strength, flexural modulus, and interlaminar shear strength, respectively. These enhancements in the mechanical properties are attributed to improved fibers' surface roughness and wettability, leading to stronger chemical bonding, hydrogen bonding, and ππ interaction between the fibers and matrix. Furthermore, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) reveals that the maximum stress inside the material decreases with the increasing thickness of the interfacial transition zone, demonstrating a maximum decrease of about 33.9%.Highlights
A mild and eco‐friendly method is adopted to modify BFs in an aqueous medium.
Interfacial shear strength between fiber and matrix increased by 65.3%.
Enhanced mechanical properties of BFRP are attributed to improved interface.
FEA reveals the relation between internal stresses and interfacial thickness.
Enhanced re‐processability of poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) via chain extension toward a more sustainable end‐of‐life
Authors: Salehiyan Reza , Kim Min Chan , Xia Tian , Jin Seunghyeon , Nofar Mohammadreza , Chalmers Lynn , Hyun Kyu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPoly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) is a biodegradable polymer recognized for its potential to reduce plastic waste due to its biodegradability and compostability. However, conventional end‐of‐life options for PBAT, such as composting and biodegradation, involve additional costs, require substantial space, and consume significant energy, which may not align with broader sustainability goals. Therefore, an alternative approach through recycling is highly desirable. This study investigates the recyclability of neat PBAT and Joncryl ADR 4468‐modified PBAT with 0.5 wt% Joncryl, a multifunctional epoxy‐based chain extender known to enhance the processing stability and properties of polymers. The research evaluates the tensile, flexural, thermal, and rheological properties of the materials after multiple injection molding cycles to provide comprehensive data on their performance under re‐processing conditions. The results demonstrate that neat PBAT retains its tensile modulus with only a~ 6% reduction after seven cycles, while Joncryl‐modified PBAT exhibits a 26% increase in modulus after five cycles, attributed to enhanced branching. Additionally, modified PBAT showed superior rheological stability and resistance to thermal degradation compared to unmodified PBAT. This study highlights the potential of mechanical recycling to extend the lifecycle of biodegradable polymers, reducing environmental impact and conserving resources.Highlights
0.5% Joncryl enhances PBAT recyclability by preserving mechanical properties.
Both PBAT and Joncryl‐PBAT retain tensile strength, supporting recycling.
Joncryl‐PBAT resists degradation, showing stable modulus after reprocessing.
Reprocessing raises crystallization temperature.
Joncryl‐PBAT maintains higher viscosity and modulus, resisting degradation.
Intensive cropping influences the success of seed dormancy breaking methods in Australian collected Hordeum, Avena, and Bromus sp.
Authors: Maity Aniruddha , Paul Debashis , Rocha Roberto Lujan , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar , Beckie Hugh J , Ashworth Michael B 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSeed dormancy is a critical evolutionary trait that enhances the persistence of plant populations under both natural and managed conditions. It is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, with crop management practices like tillage and herbicide use reportedly selecting for increased seed dormancy in weeds. This study aimed to compare the success of seed dormancy breaking methods between weed populations collected from intensively managed crop fields and unmanaged ruderal locations.RESULTSWeeds from intensively managed fields, including Hordeum glaucum, H. leporinum, Avena fatua, Bromus diandrus, and B. rigidus exhibited significantly higher seed dormancy and didn't respond largely to seed dormancy breaking methods compared to those from unmanaged areas. Dormancy‐breaking treatments such as sandpaper scarification were effective in barley grass, while endosperm excision followed by cold stratification alleviated dormancy in brome grass and wild oat. Dark incubation consistently improved germination across all species, enhancing the efficacy of treatments like cold stratification, sandpaper scarification, and gibberellic acid (GA3).CONCLUSIONWeeds in managed fields develop greater seed dormancy, likely as an adaptive response to agricultural practices. Techniques such as tillage, which incorporate seeds deeper into the soil, may help mitigate seed dormancy traits by reducing light exposure. These findings highlight the importance of dormancy management in controlling persistent weed populations. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
One Neglected Complication in the BPA Process? Severe Vagal Response During the Angioplasty Procedure—A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yan Yue , Xie Wanmu , Zhai Zhenguo , Huang Qiang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBalloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is now a widely accepted treatment for inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), but it still faces the problem of high complications. Herein, we report a rare case of severe vagal response during the BPA of a total occlusion lesion in a patient with CTEPH. The patient experienced acute chest pain and dyspnea, accompanied by a significant decrease in heart rate and blood pressure. After administering atropine, the patient's symptoms rapidly subsided. This case highlights the potential for vascular and pleural injury with chest pain, which can lead to severe vagal response during the BPA procedures. To minimize this risk, avoiding guide wire‐induced injury to the pleura situated distal to the target vessel is crucial.
Regulating Strain and Suppressing Defect States Through Polymer Ionization and Chemical Chelation for Efficient Inverted Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Cao Shuguang , Zheng Tongjun , Bi Zhuoneng , Taye Biniyam Zemene , Luo Shizi , Tauqeer Haider Ali , Zheng Yupeng , Zhuo Yuling , Liang Zheng , Wen Haoxin , Wu Hualin , Wang Kai , Yang Dong , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Wang Haiyan , Hsu Hsien‐Yi , Xu Xueqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFlexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have great promise for applications in wearable technology and space photovoltaics. However, the unpredictable crystallization of perovskite on flexible substrates results in significantly lower efficiency and mechanical durability than industry standards. A strategy is investigated employing the polymer electrolyte poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) to regulate crystallization and passivate defect states in perovskite films on flexible substrates. The weakly acidic precursor allows PAH to undergo partial ionization, leading to the protonation of some ─NH3+ groups into ─NH3+. Simulations and experimental results indicate that multifunctional PAH forms strong chemical interactions with precursors of perovskite materials including Formamidine Hydroiodide (FAI) and Lead Iodide (PbI2), facilitating homogenous nucleation and growth of crystals of perovskite films. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) reveals that PAH strongly anchors to grain boundaries (GBs), consistent with findings from photo‐induced force microscopy‐based infrared spectroscopy (PiFM‐IR). PAH improves the uniformity distribution of Young's modulus between the grains and GBs, facilitating stress relief in the perovskite films. Therefore, the champion efficiency of PAH‐modified FPSCs reaches 24.19% and exhibits strong bending durability, retaining 87.9% of their initial efficiency after 2500 bending cycles (r = 5 mm), demonstrating their practical application potential in outdoor wearable electronic products.
On the Time Consistent Solution to Optimal Stopping Problems with Expectation Constraint
Authors: Christensen S. , Klein M. , Schultz B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study the (weak) equilibrium problem arising from the problem of optimally stopping a one-dimensional diffusion subject to an expectation constraint on the time until stopping. The weak equilibrium problem is realized with a set of randomized but purely state dependent stopping times as admissible strategies. We derive a verification theorem and necessary conditions for equilibria, which together basically characterize all equilibria. Furthermore, additional structural properties of equilibria are obtained to feed a possible guess-and-verify approach, which is then illustrated by an example.
Consumer views on the use of digital tools for reporting adverse drug reactions: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dedefo Mohammed Gebre , Lim Renly , Kassie Gizat M. , Gebreyohannes Eyob Alemayehu , Salekdeh Nava Nikpay , Roughead Elizabeth , Kalisch Ellett Lisa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The application of digital technologies has shown benefits in enhancing pharmacovigilance activities but consumers views on the use of these tools for this purpose are not well described.

Aim
To explore consumers’ views on using digital tools to report adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and identify key features that consumers want in digital tools for ADR reporting.

Method
An online survey was conducted among adults who had taken medicine in the previous six-months in Australia. The development of questions was guided by the Combined Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour (C-TAM-TPB) framework. Responses to closed-ended questions were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square/Fisher’s exact test, while free-text responses were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
A total of 494 responses were included in the analysis. Eighty-seven percent of respondents preferred using digital tools for reporting ADRs. Consumers indicated a free-text space for describing ADRs (90%) as important or very important features of digital tools for ADR reporting, followed by acknowledgement of their report submission (87%) and receiving summary of previously reported ADRs (87%). Women (p < 0.001), advanced smartphone users (p < 0.001), and previous digital healthcare tool users (p = 0.017) showed higher intention to use digital tools. Consumers emphasized the importance of ease-of-use, accessibility, receiving medicine safety information, feedback, and advice for reporting ADRs via digital tools.

Conclusion
Consumers prefer using digital tools for reporting ADRs and place high value on features such as a free-text space for describing ADRs, acknowledgement of report submissions, and access to summaries of previously submitted reports.
Glucose regulation and association with Vitamin D and parathyroid hormone – differences across Middle Eastern and Caucasian ethnicities
Authors: Dhaher Nadine Fadhel , Wändell Per , Bennet Louise 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Middle Eastern (ME) immigrants to Europe have a heavy burden of metabolic disorders including a higher prevalence of insulin resistance, T2D and obesity as compared to native-born Europeans. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are prevalent conditions in people originating from the ME.

Aims
To study the differences in the levels of 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) across ME and European ethnicity, and the effect of 25(OH)D and PTH on insulin action and secretion.

Methods
Vitamin D and PTH levels were assessed in a population-based cohort of 918 participants (449 Swedes and 469 Iraqis) aged 30–75 years. The differences between the groups in the adjusted levels of Vitamin D and PTH were studied using multiple regression analysis. Differences in insulin action and secretion, in relation to risk markers including Vitamin D and PTH, were assessed using multiple regression analysis.

Results
Vitamin D and PTH adjusted levels differed significantly between the groups; 92% of the Iraqi-born versus 45% of the Swedish-born individuals had Vitamin D levels below 50 nmol/L. The mean levels of PTH (SD) were higher in Iraqi-born compared to native Swedish-born (5.1 (2.3) vs. 3.8 (1.6) pmol/L, p = < 0.001). Insulin sensitivity was lower in Iraqi-born (79.16 vs. 98.97, β -0.085, 95% CI −.163 to −.007) but after adjustment for the confounding effect of Vitamin D, the differences in insulin action observed between the groups were no longer significant.

Conclusion
The ethnic differences in insulin action could be explained by differences in the levels of Vitamin D.
A review on detection and differentiation of maize diseases and pests by imaging sensors
Authors: Pfordt Annette , Paulus Stefan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most important cereal crops globally, providing food, feed, and fuel for humans and animals. However, the production of maize is frequently challenged by various stresses that can severely impact crop yield and quality. Early detection and identification are critical for implementing timely and effective control measures to reduce their impact. Therefore, it is essential to establish effective disease and pest monitoring and management strategies to ensure sustainable maize production and maintain food security. Conventional detection methods relying on visual assessments by human experts are time-consuming, labour-intensive, and subjective. The emergence of imaging sensors, computer vision technologies, and high throughput platforms has revolutionised the detection and differentiation of crop diseases, offering a non-invasive and rapid approach. In this publication, we present a review on imaging sensors for the detection and differentiation of symptoms on maize caused by diseases and pests. The main advantages and limitations of each imaging sensor, along with its applications and case studies for maize disease detection, are introduced and discussed. Recent advances in the visible, near-infrared, and hyperspectral imaging for maize disease detection are highlighted, and the importance of different sensors is discussed. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in this field, highlighting the potential of imaging sensors for improving maize production and identifying future research directions in this area.
3D printed artificial coral reefs: design and manufacture
Authors: Pham Loan Thi , Huang Jie Yi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractApplying 3D concrete printing (3DCP) technology to design and manufacturing can create a diverse configuration of the marine landscape. However, this combination of 3D technology and artificial coral products is still in the initial stage of research and application. Therefore, this study introduces a novel design shape model, bridging theory and experimental models. Two innovative design models have been presented, and one has been manufactured and assembled based on the optimal assembling process. The paper aims to propose a design shape model for artificial coral reefs that employs innovative 3D concrete printing technology to create rough surfaces with openings and cavities similar to those found in natural rocks. The proposed design shape for artificial coral reefs, successfully trialed in this research, can be used as a reference model. The procedure for essential works, including drawing, printing, assembling, and some techniques, is helpful for understanding and implementing the works presented in the study. The application of 3D concrete printing technology to an artificial reef fulfills an identified need and plays a crucial role in marine ecosystem restoration and protecting endangered habitats, thereby making a significant social impact while promoting sustainable development in construction. This paper fulfills an identified need to apply 3D concrete printing technology to manufacturing artificial coral reefs.