bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Управлінські та інформаційні особливості проекту безпечної експлуатації спортивно-видовищних споруд
Authors: Ivanusa A. I. , Yakovchuk R. S. , Yemelyanenko S. O. , Ivanusa Z. Z. 
Published: December 2019

Здійснено інформаційний аналіз предметної галузі безпеки життєдіяльності на об'єктах масового перебування людей, який засвідчив, що основним способом їх убезпечення на спортивно-видовищних спорудах є створення умов для проведення своєчасної та безперешкодної евакуації людей у безпечну зону. Аналіз сучасного стану реалізації проектів безпечної експлуатації спортивно-видовищних споруд (БЕ СВС) у процесі вживання спортивних та культурно-масових заходів засвідчив, що: існує невідповідність вимогам чинного українського законодавства світовим у плані убезпечення людей, а також немає нормативно-правової бази та "Правил поведінки", які б визначали порядок реалізації проектів у сфері убезпечення людей на спорудах масового їх перебування під час вживання масового заходу. Розроблено теоретичні засади, які базуються на основі топологічного аналізу та синтезу систем управління потоками людей, що є зацікавленими сторонами проектів БЕ СВС. В основу інструментальних засобів щодо реалізації таких проектів покладено формалізацію методів і моделей, які інформують про стан їх поточної реалізації. Розроблено концептуальну модель управління проектами БЕ СВС, кінцевим результатом якої є збережене життя та здоров'я зацікавлених сторін проектів. Встановлено, що для проведення розрахунку часу евакуації зацікавлених сторін проектів БЕ СВС із секторів на променаду найбільш оптимальним є використання аналітичної моделі, що враховує топологію руху людського потоку, а з променади в безпечну зону – моделі індивідуально-потокового руху людини в складі потоку, яка показана у вигляді модифікованої функції Ерланга.
A Series of Case Reports Regarding the Use of Massage Therapy to Improve Sleep Quality in Individuals with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Authors: Sumpton, BScN Bryn , Baskwill, PhD, MSc, BEd, RMT Amanda 
Published: December 2019

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common mental health diagnosis in Canada with prevalence estimated at about 2.4% in the general population. Previous studies have suggested massage therapy may be able to reduce the symptoms of PTSD. One of the symptoms commonly experienced is difficulty falling or staying asleep. No previously published massage therapy research has specifically assessed sleep symptoms of PTSD.
Objectives: The research question was, “For individuals who have PTSD as a result of experiencing traumatic events, does MT have an effect on sleep quality?”Methods: A prospective series of case reports describing 10-week MT treatment plans provided by Registered Massage Therapists at Sutherland-Chan Clinic’s Belleville location. Three individuals with PTSD were recruited using promotional posters in the community. Treatment focused on improving sleep quality and followed a pragmatic treatment protocol using light to moderate pressure. Out-comes were measured using a sleep diary, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire.
Results: Data collected at baseline and throughout the series showed inconsistent improvement and worsening of symptoms amongst participants. Treatment was well tolerated and attended. No harmful incidents were noted.
Conclusion: For these participants, MT did not predictably impact sleep quality. It is possible, as the underlying cause of poor sleep quality was unlikely resolved, the participants did not have a significant change in their sleep quality. This differs from findings of previous studies in which MT improved sleep for patients with poor sleep quality due to exposure to traumatic events. There is need for further understanding of how MT affects sleep.
A Reanalysis of the UVES M Dwarf Planet Search Program*
Authors: Butler R. P. , Jones H. R. A. , Feng F. , Tuomi M. , Anglada-Escudé G. , Keiser Sandy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The UVES (Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer) M Dwarf Planet Search program surveyed 40 M dwarfs and 1 M giant from 2000 through 2007 March. Two of the M dwarfs were double-lined spectroscopic binaries. The 38 single-lined M dwarfs in this survey are among the nearest and brightest M dwarfs. Starting with the reduced 1D spectra provided by the UVES team, we reanalyzed the UVES velocities of Proxima Cen as part of the “Pale Red Dot” program. The velocity rms decreased from 3.6 to 2.3 m s−1. Motivated by this result, we have harvested all of the raw data from the UVES M Dwarf Planet Search from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) archives and have written custom packages to generate 1D spectra from the raw data, and velocities from the 1D spectra. The median improvement in the velocity rms from the new analysis is 1.8 m s−1. Six of the 38 M dwarfs from the original study had a velocity rms < 4 m s−1. In the reanalysis presented here, 22 of these stars have a velocity rms < 4 m s−1. We improve the upper limits on possible planets orbiting these stars by a factor of typically two to three. For many of these M dwarfs, these observations represent the first epoch of high-precision velocity measurements.
Analyzing Atmospheric Temperature Profiles and Spectra of M Dwarf Rocky Planets
Authors: Malik Matej , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Koll Daniel D. B. , Mansfield Megan , Bean Jacob L. , Kite Edwin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will make it possible to comprehensively measure the thermal emission spectra of rocky exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs and thus characterize their atmospheres. In preparation for this opportunity, we present model atmospheres for three M-dwarf planets particularly amenable to secondary eclipse spectroscopy—TRAPPIST-1b, GJ 1132b, and LHS 3844b. Using three limiting cases of candidate atmospheric compositions (pure H2O, pure CO2, and solar abundances) we calculate temperature–pressure profiles and emission spectra in radiative-convective equilibrium, including the effects of a solid surface. We find that the atmospheric radiative transfer is significantly influenced by the cool M-star irradiation; H2O and CO2 absorption bands in the near-infrared are strong enough to absorb a sizeable fraction of the incoming stellar light at low pressures, which leads to temperature inversions in the upper atmosphere. The non-gray band structure of gaseous opacities in the infrared is hereby an important factor. Opacity windows are muted at higher atmospheric temperatures, so we expect temperature inversions to be common only for sufficiently cool planets. We also find that pure CO2 atmospheres exhibit lower overall temperatures and stronger reflection spectra compared to models of the other compositions. We estimate that for GJ 1132b and LHS 3844b we should be able to distinguish between different atmospheric compositions with JWST. The emission lines from the predicted temperature inversions are currently hard to measure, but high-resolution spectroscopy with future extremely large telescopes may be able to detect them.
Identifying Candidate Atmospheres on Rocky M Dwarf Planets via Eclipse Photometry
Authors: Koll Daniel D. B. , Malik Matej , Mansfield Megan , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Kite Edwin , Abbot Dorian , Bean Jacob L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Most rocky planets in the galaxy orbit a cool host star, and there is large uncertainty among theoretical models whether these planets can retain an atmosphere. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) might be able to settle this question empirically, but most proposals for doing so require large observational effort because they are based on spectroscopy. Here we show that infrared photometry of secondary eclipses could quickly identify “candidate” atmospheres, by searching for rocky planets with atmospheres thick enough that atmospheric heat transport noticeably reduces their dayside thermal emission compared to that of a bare rock. For a planet amenable to atmospheric follow-up, we find that JWST should be able to confidently detect the heat redistribution signal of an

bar atmosphere with one to two eclipses. One to two eclipses is generally much less than the effort needed to infer an atmosphere via transmission or emission spectroscopy. Candidate atmospheres can be further validated via follow-up spectroscopy or phase curves. In addition, because this technique is fast it could enable a first atmospheric survey of rocky exoplanets with JWST. We estimate that the TESS mission will find ∼100 planets that are too hot to be habitable but that can be quickly probed via eclipse photometry. Knowing whether hot, rocky planets around M dwarfs have atmospheres is important not only for understanding the evolution of uninhabitable worlds: if atmospheres are common on hot planets, then cooler, potentially habitable planets around M dwarfs are also likely to have atmospheres.
When Has a Knee or Hip Replacement Failed? A Patient Perspective
Authors: Singh Jasvinder A. , Mehta Bella , Mirza Serene Z. , Figgie Mark P. , Sculco Peter , Parks Michael , Goodman Susan M. 
Published: December 2019

Objective.To define the patient perspective of what constitutes a failure of total joint replacement (TJR) in a qualitative study.Methods.We used the nominal group technique (NGT) with participants who had undergone elective total hip replacements (THR) and/or total knee replacements (TKR) to answer the question, “When would you consider a knee or hip replacement to be a failure?”Results.We performed 8 nominal groups with 42 participants, all of whom had undergone THR and/or TKR between 2016 and 2018. Of these, 48% were male, 17% were Black, 79% had college education or above, and 76% had had osteoarthritis as the underlying diagnosis. The nominated responses/themes that were ranked the highest by the participants were as follows: (1) refractory index joint pain (80 votes); (2) occurrence of postoperative adverse events (54 votes); (3) unable to resume normal activities or go back to work (38 votes); (4) little or no improvement in quality of life (35 votes); (5) early revision surgery (35 votes); (6) death (7 votes); and (7) other, including nurse or physician negligence (2 votes) and expectation-outcome mismatch (1 vote).Conclusion.Lack of relief of pain or restoration of function or quality of life, or the occurrence of surgical complications after TJR were defined as TJR failure by participants. Functional TJR failure seems as important or more important than surgical failure. This patient perspective emphasizing pain, function, satisfaction, adverse events, and revision as critical domain components of TJR failure independently validated their inclusion in the TJR core domain set for clinical trials in people undergoing knee or hip TJR.
Antibiotic Skin Testing in the Intensive Care Unit: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alharbi Homood A. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundRecent research has shown that a large majority of patients with a history of penicillin allergy are acutely tolerant of penicillins and that there is no clinically significant immunologic cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins or other β-lactams. The standard test to confirm acute tolerance is challenge with a therapeutic dose. Skin testing is useful only when the culprit antibiotic can haptenate serum proteins and induce an immunoglobulin E–mediated reaction and the clinical history demonstrates such high risk that a direct oral challenge may result in anaphylaxis.ObjectiveTo review and evaluate the current practice of skin testing for antibiotics (other than penicillin) in critically ill patients by means of a systematic literature review.MethodsThis systematic review was performed using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. Several electronic databases were searched using the following terms: antibiotics, skin test (tests, testing), intensive care, intensive care unit, ICU, critical care, critical care unit.ResultsTwenty-three articles were identified for inclusion in this review. The results indicate a lack of standardized skin testing for all antibiotics in critical care settings. Oral challenge with nonirritating concentrations of antibiotics can be helpful in determining allergy to these drugs.ConclusionsCritical care providers should evaluate antibiotic allergy using nonirritating concentrations before administering antibiotics to patients. Introduction of a standardized skin test for all antibiotics in intensive care unit patients to help select the most appropriate antibiotic treatment regimen might help save lives and reduce costs.
Effect of 2 Enteral Feeding Schedules on Intra-abdominal Pressure in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahran Ghada , Mahgoup Asmaa , Kamel Emad Zarief , Ahmad Muayyad M. 
Published: December 2019

Background
Elevated intra-abdominal pressure is associated with morbidity in critically ill patients. Enteral feeding is important for these patients but may cause complications.

Objective
To compare the effects of 2 intermittent feeding schedules on intra-abdominal pressure in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.

Methods
A single-blinded, prospective, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted in an intensive care unit in a teaching hospital in Egypt. Fifty adult patients requiring more than 48 hours of mechanical ventilation were enrolled. Patients were randomly sorted into 2 study groups. The intervention group received intermittent enteral feedings 5 times daily at 4-hour intervals. The control group received intermittent enteral feedings 10 times daily at 2-hour intervals. Both groups fasted for 8 hours overnight. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured 7 times: at admission and before and after the first 3 feedings on the third day of the intensive care unit stay.

Results
One-way repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that mean intra-abdominal pressure was higher in the control group before the first feeding (t = 2.27, P = .03) but was higher in the intervention group after the second feeding (t = 2.51, P = .02) and after the third feeding (t = 2.41, P = .02). Vomiting and diarrhea were not significantly different between the groups. More constipation and abdominal distension occurred in the intervention group than in the control group.

Conclusion
Intra-abdominal pressure was not significantly affected by feeding interval. However, reducing the time interval between intermittent enteral feedings may minimize the risk for constipation and abdominal distension.
Evaluating Academic Course Rigor, Part 1: Defining a Nebulous Construct
Authors: Johnson James E. , Weidner Thomas G. , Jones James A. , Manwell Allison K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA widely accepted definition of academic course rigor is elusive within higher education. Although many conceptualizations of course rigor have been identified, both empirically and anecdotally, the need to operationally define and investigate course rigor is necessary given contemporary attacks on the quality of higher education. This article, part 1 of a two-part study, describes the three-phase process by which academic course and instructor rigor and corresponding rigor questions were defined and validated. Results revealed that five rigor components are critical to a definition of course rigor: critical thinking; challenge; mastering complex material; time and labor intensity; and production of credible work. These components were used to create questions distributed in 264 courses (2,557 students). The final phase of part 1 used factor analysis to confirm a strong one-factor solution, confirming the operational definition and corresponding rigor questions were acceptable to empirically evaluate course and instructor rigor.
Item Analysis of Test of Proficiency in Korean: Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory
Authors: Yu Minae , Kim Hyunah 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to examine the quality of both individual items and overall test construction of the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) by applying classical test theory and item response theory. The item-level responses of 30 listening items and 30 reading items in each of the three different levels of test from the 28th TOPIK administration were analyzed. Item difficulty and item discrimination parameters were estimated based on classical test theory (CTT) and item response theory (IRT). The item characteristic curves, item information functions, and test information functions based on IRT were also examined. The findings suggest that most items were found to be satisfactory in item difficulty and discrimination, with high correlation between the results analyzed by CTT and IRT. However, the analysis of the IRT-based test information functions revealed that the TOPIK is useful in providing information regarding the examinees with an ability level in only a considerably narrow range. The tests did not provide sufficient information regarding examinee groups who had a high ability or low ability. The findings of this study offer implications in advancing the test by adopting the IRT-based approaches that can provide more information about examinee groups spanning a wide range of abilities so that it can better serve the assessment purpose.
Utopia and Endless War: Bernard Shaw's Major Barbara
Authors: Harding Desmond 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Bernard Shaw's Major Barbara (1905) revives the premodern notion of utopia and in doing so bears a more complex relation to modernism and capitalist culture than previously acknowledged. In keeping with his lifelong commitment to a radical reorganization of urban society, Shaw uses the cooperative form of urban polity that is Perivale St. Andrews to challenge the claim that unfettered markets go hand in hand with urban democracy; rather, Undershaft's fundamentalist brand of “disaster” capitalism engenders a brutal form of coercion masquerading as a better, more rational model of urban existence predicated on a state of endless war.
Un acercamiento al arte rupestre en cuatro municipios de la RACCN, Nicaragua
Authors: González Hodgson Kevin 
Published: December 2019

Esta investigación presenta una clasificación estilística de 45 representaciones gráficas rupestres, (petrograbados y pictografías), localizados en cuatro municipios de la Región Autónoma de la Costa Caribe Norte de Nicaragua resultado de varias etapas de investigación. El objetivo principal de este estudio consistió en analizar los motivos rupestres a través, de un análisis iconográfico que, además, implicó determinar el contexto histórico-cultural de elaboración y el significado aproximado de las características icónicas identificadas en los ejemplares seleccionados. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos de la descripción iconográfica y tomando en cuenta importantes variables en su configuración como las técnicas de elaboración y las características de las rocas sobre las que se plasmaron las representaciones son indicadores sustanciales para decir, que los ejemplares estudiados fueron elaborados sobre la base de diversos grados de especificidad técnica y estilística por tanto, el grupo cultural que dio origen a este tipo de manifestación gráfico rupestre dejó testimonio de complejas escrituras que permitieron a través de las imágenes representar su realidad, es decir, su cotidianidad y entorno con un entramado simbólico muy importante
Conocimiento pre científico: punto de partida de los procesos investigativos
Authors: López González Álvaro 
Published: December 2019

El presente ensayo aborda algunos tópicos que pocas veces son temas de conversación entre investigadores y docentes de la educación superior relacionados con el poco rigor científico con que se abordan algunos temas de investigación, los que muchas veces son abordados sin llegar a conclusiones importantes.
Se destaca en este escrito lo relativo al conocimiento previo que debe poseer todo investigador científico como premisa indispensable para un abordaje objetivo del objeto de investigación, y por último se señalan algunas deficiencias que presentamos en nuestro quehacer académico cuando nosotros mismos realizamos investigación o cuando asignamos alguna responsabilidad a nuestros estudiantes.
El escrito hace referencia a algunos tópicos o enfoques filosóficos que a lo largo de los últimos decenios se han hecho acerca del conocimiento científico y de las propuestas hechas por algunos teóricos para llegar a este. Se señalan además, algunas de las múltiples deficiencias que afrontamos muchos miembros de la comunidad educativa, docentes y estudiantes cuando enfrentamos la tarea de investigar con carácter científico algún tema que consideramos relevante en nuestro desempeño académico
Editorial
Authors: Orozco Alvarado Julio 
Published: December 2019

Las funciones sustantivas de la Universidad son la docencia, investigación, proyección y extensión, gestión universitaria e internacionalización. En la presente edición, la Revista está llevando a la práctica de forma simultánea las cinco funciones del quehacer universitario. En la llamada sociedad de la información y del conocimiento la difusión del conocimiento cobra gran relevancia social.
De realisatie van de digitale transformatie door provincies
Authors: Thaens Marcel 
Published: December 2019

The realization of the digital transformation by the provinces
Digital transformation offers provinces both opportunities and threats. A long-held wish that social tasks (and the demand from citizens and companies) can be put at the center seems to be fulfilled. But, in addition to opportunities, the transformation also provides the necessary risks for, for example, the privacy of citizens and companies, but also due to the disruptive nature of digital transformation. This contribution looks at the digital transformation from a provincial perspective. The data vision in the making of the Dutch province of Noord-Brabant forms the basis for this essay, but what emerges applies broadly (with differences in emphasis) to several provinces. The author also gives a number of suggestions for the implementation of the transformation.