bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of how Myc controls T cell proteomes and metabolic pathways during T cell activation
Authors: Marchingo Julia M. , Sinclair Linda V. , Howden Andrew J. M. , Cantrell Doreen A. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryT cell expansion and differentiation are critically dependent on the transcription factor c-Myc (Myc). Herein we use quantitative mass-spectrometry to reveal how Myc controls antigen receptor driven cell growth and proteome restructuring in T cells. Analysis of copy numbers per cell of >7000 proteins provides new understanding of the selective role of Myc in controlling the protein machinery that govern T cell fate. The data identify both Myc dependent and independent metabolic processes in immune activated T cells. We uncover that a primary function of Myc is to control expression of multiple amino acid transporters and that loss of a single Myc-controlled amino acid transporter effectively phenocopies the impact of Myc deletion. This study provides a comprehensive map of how Myc selectively shapes T cell phenotypes, revealing that Myc induction of amino acid transport is pivotal for subsequent bioenergetic and biosynthetic programs and licences T cell receptor driven proteome reprogramming.
SNP-CRISPR: a web tool for SNP-specific genome editing
Authors: Chen Chiao-Lin , Rodiger Jonathan , Chung Verena , Viswanatha Raghuvir , Mohr Stephanie E. , Hu Yanhui , Perrimon Norbert 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTCRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful genome editing technology in which a single guide RNA (sgRNA) confers target site specificity to achieve Cas9-mediated genome editing. Numerous sgRNA design tools have been developed based on reference genomes for humans and model organisms. However, existing resources are not optimal as genetic mutations or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the targeting region affect the efficiency of CRISPR-based approaches by interfering with guide-target complementarity. To facilitate identification of sgRNAs (1) in non-reference genomes, (2) across varying genetic backgrounds, or (3) for specific targeting of SNP-containing alleles, for example, disease relevant mutations, we developed a web tool, SNP-CRISPR (https://www.flyrnai.org/tools/snp_crispr/). SNP-CRISPR can be used to design sgRNAs based on public variant data sets or user-identified variants. In addition, the tool computes efficiency and specificity scores for sgRNA designs targeting both the variant and the reference. Moreover, SNP-CRISPR provides the option to upload multiple SNPs and target single or multiple nearby base changes simultaneously with a single sgRNA design. Given these capabilities, SNP-CRISPR has a wide range of potential research applications in model systems and for design of sgRNAs for disease-associated variant correction.
The use of statistics in social sciences
Authors: Maravelakis Petros 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose this paper is to review some of the statistical methods used in the field of social sciences.

Design/methodology/approach
A review of some of the statistical methodologies used in areas like survey methodology, official statistics, sociology, psychology, political science, criminology, public policy, marketing research, demography, education and economics.

Findings
Several areas are presented such as parametric modeling, nonparametric modeling and multivariate methods. Focus is also given to time series modeling, analysis of categorical data and sampling issues and other useful techniques for the analysis of data in the social sciences. Indicative references are given for all the above methods along with some insights for the application of these techniques.

Originality/value
This paper reviews some statistical methods that are used in social sciences and the authors draw the attention of researchers on less popular methods. The purpose is not to give technical details and also not to refer to all the existing techniques or to all the possible areas of statistics. The focus is mainly on the applied aspect of the techniques and the authors give insights about techniques that can be used to answer problems in the abovementioned areas of research.
Measuring the use of knowledge management systems in supply firms
Authors: Centobelli Piera , Cerchione Roberto , Esposito Emilio 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a taxonomic scheme of knowledge management systems (KMSs) and a set of technologies and managerial practices supporting supply firms in knowledge management processes.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a field analysis involving a sample of suppliers operating in high-tech manufacturing and service industries, this paper investigates the use of KMSs in the sample investigated.

Findings
The paper shows that suppliers are generally reluctant to use updated and innovative KMSs replacing traditional ones. This gap confirms that suppliers have difficulties in facing rapid technological changes. The field analysis also points out that suppliers investigated perceive knowledge management mainly as an issue of knowledge transfer and knowledge storage while appear to be neglected the phase of knowledge creation.

Originality/value
Moreover, the paper highlights a misalignment between the intensity of use of knowledge management practices that support the phase of knowledge creation and knowledge management tools that should support such practices.
Five‐year results of a modified left atrial maze IV procedure in the treatment of atrial fibrillation: a randomized study
Authors: Zhang Dengshen , Shi Jun , Quan Huayan , Liu Lu , Zhang Jian , Guo Yingqiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe left atrial maze IV (LAM‐IV) alone has been used to eliminate atrial fibrillation (AF) without severe right heart diseases. However, we felt that it could be improved and developed a modified LAM‐IV (MLAM‐IV). In this prospective trial, we aimed to investigate 5‐year clinical outcomes of AF in patients treated by the novel MLAM‐IV technique.MethodsBetween September 2012 and October 2013, 120 patients who underwent valve surgery and bipolar radiofrequency ablation for AF were randomized into the LAM‐IV group (n = 60) or MLAM‐IV group (n = 60). At postoperative follow‐up examinations, data were recorded at 1, 3 and 6 months, and annually thereafter.ResultsThe mean ablation time and postoperative ventilation time were shorter in the MLAM‐IV group than in the LAM‐IV group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively). At 5 years, the rate of freedom from AF was 69.0% in the MLAM‐IV group and 60.0% in the LAM‐IV group (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.39 to 1.32, P = 0.42). There were no differences with respect to the early operative mortality and major complications, late mortality, and major adverse events.ConclusionsThe MLAM‐IV provides a technically simpler ablation process. The MLAM‐IV was associated with less ventilation support in the early postoperative period. The long‐term efficacy of the MLAM‐IV in the treatment of AF is comparable to that of the LAM‐IV.
Front Cover
Authors: Rao Man , Guo Guangran , Li Mengmeng , Chen Shi , Chen Kai , Chen Xiao , Song Jiangping , Hu Shengshou 
Published: November 2019

The cover image is based on the Original Article The homozygous variant c.245G > A/p.G82D in PNPLA2 is associated with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy phenotypic manifestations by Man Rao et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.13642.
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Early ischemia identification employing 2D speckle tracking selective layers analysis during dobutamine stress echocardiography
Authors: Cadeddu Dessalvi Christian , Deidda Martino , Farci Salvatore , Longu Giorgio , Mercuro Giuseppe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeTwo‐dimensional (2D) strain derived from speckle tracking proved to be feasible and accurate in the quantitative evaluation of myocardial ischemia during stress echocardiography. We compared the accuracy in detecting myocardial ischemia of the transmural segmental analysis with an endocardial specific evaluation in 20 patients undergoing dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and coronary angiography.MethodsPeak systolic global strain (G‐ε) and at the subendocardial level (Endo‐ε) were measured off‐line at rest, a low dose, and peak stress; then, we compared the results with wall‐motion analysis and significant coronary artery disease (CAD > 70% diameter stenosis). Endocardial strain variation from basal to low and peak dose was computed both for global or subendocardial analysis. The utilization of the ROC curve allowed us to derive optimal cutoffs, sensibility and specificity for ischemic segments.ResultsThe subendocardial analysis at high dose showed to be able to increase significantly the accuracy of the test to detect the ischemic segments (sens 90.2% vs 85.4%; spec 93.1% vs 92.2%). Moreover, at the low dose, the subendocardial analysis showed to be able to increase significantly, mostly the specificity of the test (sens 69.6% vs 68.3%; spec 92.2% vs 86.2%). Notably, the strain subendocardial analysis at low dose showed to reach a high specificity, similar to the peak dose transmural analysis.ConclusionsMeasurement of subendocardial strain during DSE is feasible and can increase the accuracy of the test. Moreover, the subendocardial strain during DSE can reach a high specificity, even limiting the test at a low dose infusion.
Spatial connectedness imposes local‐ and metapopulation‐level selection on life history through feedbacks on demography
Authors: Masier Stefano , Bonte Dries 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDispersal evolution impacts the fluxes of individuals and hence, connectivity in metapopulations. Connectivity is therefore decoupled from the structural connectedness of the patches within the spatial network. Because of demographic feedbacks, local selection also drives the evolution of other life history traits. We investigated how different levels of connectedness affect trait evolution in experimental metapopulations of the two‐spotted spider mite. We separated local‐ and metapopulation‐level selection and linked trait divergence to population dynamics. With lower connectedness, an increased starvation resistance and delayed dispersal evolved. Reproductive performance evolved locally by transgenerational plasticity or epigenetic processes. Costs of dispersal, but also changes in local densities and temporal fluctuations herein are found to be putative drivers. In addition to dispersal, demographic traits are able to evolve in response to metapopulation connectedness at both the local and metapopulation level by genetic and/or non‐genetic inheritance. These trait changes impact the persistence of spatially structured populations.
Characteristics and management of the haemophilia‐associated pseudotumours
Authors: Doyle Andrew J. , Back Diane L. , Austin Steve 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe management of haemophilia‐associated pseudotumours presents an ongoing challenge to the haematologist, surgeon and interventional radiologist alike. There is a range of therapeutic approaches including factor replacement, embolization, radiotherapy and a variety of surgical interventions. However, there remains little evidence regarding the most appropriate treatment. We aimed to evaluate the available options of management for the haemophilia‐associated pseudotumour. A literature review was performed using relevant terminology and reviewed for treatment approaches and outcomes. The results demonstrated that most of the data is from single case reports with a small number of single‐ and multicentre case series. In total, 133 patients with 134 described pseudotumours were identified. Adequate haemostatic control with factor replacement was a key component to successful treatment. Surgical excision was the most commonly reported surgical intervention with various composites used for filling of the surgical cavity. The use of radiotherapy has been described particularly in the paediatric population and sites of difficult surgical access. Embolization can be considered as a method of presurgical optimization. Patients with both factor inhibitors and pseudotumours have poorer postoperative outcomes. This review demonstrates that although a lack of large‐centre, randomized studies, timely surgical intervention with adequate haemostatic support and the consideration adjuvant therapies in selected cases can achieve acceptable outcomes in this cohort of patients.
Expanding the spectrum of chronic necrotising (semi‐invasive) aspergillosis: a series of eight cases presenting as radiologically solid lung nodules mimicking malignancy
Authors: Dermawan Josephine K , Ghosh Subha , Mukhopadhyay Sanjay 
Published: November 2019

AimTo clinicopathologically characterise a subset of aspergillosis cases characterised by radiologically solid lung nodules.Methods and resultsWe reviewed our archives for lung biopsies/resections with fungal hyphae on histology. Cases classifiable as a well‐established form of aspergillosis were excluded. Unclassifiable cases with radiologically solid lung nodules and histological evidence of fungal hyphae consistent with Aspergillus were analysed in detail. Of 134 lung biopsies/resections with fungal hyphae, eight presented as a solid lung nodule on imaging and could not be classified as a well‐recognised form of aspergillosis. All patients were non‐immunocompromised/minimally immunocompromised adult smokers. Imaging showed solid, predominantly solitary, spiculated, subpleural, hypermetabolic upper lobe nodules in emphysematous lungs. Malignancy was suspected clinically in all cases. Histologically, the nodules were necrotising granulomas containing fungal hyphae consistent with Aspergillus. On follow‐up, none of the nodules recurred or progressed to invasive disease.ConclusionsAspergillosis can present as a radiologically solid, spiculated lung nodule suspicious for malignancy.
Hospital safety climate from nurses’ perspective in four European countries
Authors: Gurková E. , Zeleníková R. , Friganovic A. , Uchmanowicz I. , Jarošová D. , Papastavrou E. , Žiaková K. 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundNursing shortages, the substitution of practical nurses for registered nurses, an ageing workforce, the decreasing number of nurse graduates and the increasing migration of young nurses are important factors associated with the hospital safety climate in Central European countries.AimsThe aim of the study was to investigate nurses’ perceptions of the safety climate in four selected central European countries (Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia) and to determine the relationship between safety climate and unfinished nursing care.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was used. The sample consisted of 1353 European nurses from four countries. Instruments used were the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture and the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses.ResultsSignificant differences were found between countries in all unit/hospital/outcome dimensions. ‘Perceived Patient Safety’ and ‘Reporting of Incident Data’ were associated with aspects of ‘Organizational Learning’ and ‘Feedback and Communication about Error’. Higher prevalence of unfinished nursing care is associated with more negative perceptions of patient safety climate.ConclusionsCross‐cultural comparisons allow us to examine differences and similarities in safety dimensions across countries. The areas with potential for initiating strategies for improvement in all four countries are ‘Staffing’, ‘Non‐punitive Response to Error’ and ‘Teamwork across Hospital Units’.Implications for nursing and health policy‘Feedback and Communicating about Error’ and ‘Organizational Learning ‐ Continuous Improvement’ were the main predictors of ‘Overall Perception of Patient Safety’ and ‘Reporting of Incident Data’. Therefore, nurse managers should focus on how to empower nurses in these areas in order to foster a no‐blame culture and effective reporting. In addition, it is important for policymakers to update nursing education standards in order to address patient safety.
Measurement of stress build‐up of ion exchange strengthened lithium aluminosilicate glass
Authors: Hödemann Siim , Valdmann Andreas , Paemurru Mart , Anton Johan , Kiisk Valter , Tkaczyk Eric , Kikas Jaak 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA recently developed nondestructive method was used to investigate the stress build‐up in chemically strengthened lithium aluminosilicate glass. We utilized an updated version of the gradient scattered light method, which now enables more precise determination of the depth coordinates, recovering a more detailed stress profile around the knee. The main motivation of the work was to characterize and optimize the development of the knee‐shaped breaking point in stress profile in lithium aluminosilicate glass prepared by the Saunders‐Kubichan method of one‐step strengthening in a mixture of KNO3+NaNO3 molten salt bath. In the industry, a two‐step process is still commonly used to build such a stress profile; the one‐step strengthening will simplify the process as well as save the cost. Compared to previous studies, which used a destructive method based on transmitted light photoelasticity, we found that in the samples ion exchanged for 24 hours, the knee‐shaped breaking points were situated two times deeper whereas the case depths were 28% shallower. The measured stress profiles were validated by stress equilibrium and by comparison to Na+ ion concentration profiles.
Target blood pressure and control status in Asia
Authors: Chia Yook‐Chin , Kario Kazuomi , Turana Yuda , Nailes Jennifer , Tay Jam Chin , Siddique Saulat , Park Sungha , Shin Jinho , Buranakitjaroen Peera , Chen Chen‐Huan , Divinagracia Romeo , Hoshide Satoshi , Minh Huynh Van , Sison Jorge , Soenarta Arieska Ann , Sogunuru Guru Prasad , Sukonthasarn Apichard , Teo Boon Wee , Verma Narsingh , Zhang Yuqing , Wang Tzung‐Dau , Wang Ji‐Guang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt is widely accepted that hypertension constitutes a significant cardiovascular risk factor and that treating high blood pressure (BP) effectively reduces cardiovascular risk. An important issue in Asia is not just the high prevalence of hypertension, particularly in some countries, but also the low level of awareness and treatment rates in many regions. The 2017 update of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association hypertension guidelines raised the question about which BP threshold should be used to diagnose and treat hypertension. Although there is a theoretical rationale for a stricter BP criterion in Asia given the ethnic‐specific features of hypertension in the region, the majority of countries in Asia have retained a diagnostic BP threshold of ≥140/90 mm Hg. Although lowering thresholds might make theoretical sense, this would increase the prevalence of hypertension and also markedly reduce BP control rates. In addition, there are currently no data from robust randomized clinical trials of the benefits of the lower targets in preventing cardiovascular disease and reducing cardiovascular risk, particularly in high‐risk patients and especially for Asian populations. There is also no defined home BP treatment target level for an office BP treatment target of 130/80 mm Hg. However, in this regard, in the interim, lifestyle modifications, including reducing body weight and salt intake, should form an important part of hypertension management strategies in Asia, while studies on treating at lower BP threshold level in Asians and getting to lower BP targets will be helpful to inform and optimize the management of hypertension in the region.
Factors associated with the glucose‐lowering efficacy of sitagliptin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Pooled analysis of Japanese clinical trials
Authors: Tajima Naoko , Eiki Jun‐ichi , Okamoto Taro , Okuyama Kotoba , Kawashima Masaru , Engel Samuel S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo explore the factors associated with the glucose‐lowering efficacy of sitagliptin treatment in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Materials and MethodsThis was a post‐hoc analysis of pooled data from seven sitagliptin phase II and III clinical studies carried out in Japan. All studies were double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group and of 12‐week duration. The analysis population consisted of 1,075 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. In two of the trials, sitagliptin 50 mg and/or 100 mg daily were used as monotherapy; in five others, sitagliptin 50 mg daily was used as add‐on treatment to ongoing pioglitazone, glimepiride, metformin, voglibose or glinides. Efficacy (reduction in hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]) was evaluated in 12 sets of subgroups defined by demographic, glycemic, pancreatic β‐cell function and insulin resistance parameters. An analysis of covariance model was used to evaluate the interaction between each parameter and efficacy.ResultsSitagliptin consistently provided a clinically meaningful reduction in HbA1c relative to placebo across all subgroups. Within subgroups, a greater absolute HbA1c reduction was associated with higher baseline HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose and 2‐h post‐meal glucose. Lower β‐cell function, represented by homeostatic model assessment of β‐cell function and insulinogenic index, was also associated with greater HbA1c reduction. In contrast, age, sex, body mass index, duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance‐related parameters did not interact with HbA1c changes.ConclusionsSitagliptin treatment was associated with clinically meaningful improvement in glycemic control in all subgroups of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus that were evaluated. Higher baseline glycemic status and lower baseline β‐cell function were identified as factors associated with greater HbA1c reduction after sitagliptin treatment.
Novel topical skin hydration agent containing Anadenanthera colubrina polysaccharide‐standardized herbal preparation
Authors: Katekawa Edson , Caverzan Jeanifer , Mussi Lilian , Camargo‐Junior Flavio B. , Sufi Bianca , Padovani Giovana , Nazato Lucas , Nogueira Cecilia , Magalhães Wagner V. , Di Stasi Luiz C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundHydration is an important factor to promote skin barrier function, metabolism, and appearance. In this process, the presence of aquaglyceroporins, envelope and lipid synthesis, and metabolism proteins are essential to provide greater corneocyte cohesion and to form a barrier avoiding transepidermal water loss.ObjectiveWe evaluated the effects of a new topical pigment‐free agent containing an Anadenanthera colubrina polysaccharide‐rich dermocosmetic preparation (ACP) on the aquaporin‐3 (AQP‐3), filaggrin (FLG), involucrin (INV), glucocerebrosidase (GBA), and elongation of very‐long‐chain fatty acid (ELOVL) proteins production in skin human fragments, as well as on the transepidermal water loss in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial.MethodsAQP3, FLG, INV, GBA, and ELOVL3 levels were measured by immunofluorescence analysis in human skin explants. Clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of ACP 1% and ACP 3% on the transepidermal water loss (TEWL).ResultsImage and statistical analysis showed that ACP 3% significantly increased at 90% the expression of AQP3. Similarly, ACP 3% was able to promote a significant increase of 68% and 51% in FLG and INV, respectively. ACP 3% produced no effects on the GBA and ELOVL3 proteins. Transepidermal water loss was significantly reduced in human volunteers under treatment with ACP 1% and ACP 3%.ConclusionACP reduced transepidermal water loss in a clinical trial, promoting human skin hydration. These effects were related to modulation of the AQP3, FLG, and INV as evidenced by immunofluorescence assay. This way, A colubrina polysaccharide‐rich phytopharmaceutical preparation is an effective additive product to skin hydration.