bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Awareness of Coronavirus (COVID-2019) in Qassim Region Saudi Arabia.
Authors: AL-Rasheedi Mabrouk , Alhazmi Yasir , Ali ALreshidi Mateq , ALrajhi Maha , Alharbi Nayef Samah , Alsuhaibani Somayah , Alrashidi Mohammed , Alharbi Ghaleb 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The rapid and extensive spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has become a major cause of concern for both general public and healthcare profession. Aim of this study is to analyze and evaluate the awareness of both the general public and healthcare providers in Qassim region in Saudi Arabia. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted randomly in different shopping malls in the Qassim region from 10th of February to 10th of March, 2020. The structured questionnaire was used to gather information from participants.Result 130 participants have answered the designed questionnaire, out of which 67participants were males(58.5% ) and 54 were females(41.5% ).Overall, 129 (99%) out of the 130 participants are aware of COVID-19, and 116 (90%) have recognize it as a respiratory disease and all of them (100 %) have recognized it as a contagious disease. Participants of the age group 20-40 showed higher awareness level than other age groups (P = 0.005). Significant positive correlation between high risk groups recognition, reliable source of information, infection symptoms, disease spread prevention and COVID_19 available treatments. While the reliable source of information awareness was positively correlated with all other questions, except for the long-term complications..Conclusion General public and health care professionals from Qassim Region showed adequate awareness of COVID-19. However, there is a strong need to implement periodic educational interventions and training programs on infection control practices .
Diminishing toxicity of P25 TiO2 NPs during continuous exposure to freshwater algae Chlorella
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Li Xuankun , Du Juan , Pu Lihui , Chen Sihao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nano-titanium dioxide (Nano-TiO2) has been widely used in industrial manufacture and life science field due to its excellent physical and chemical properties in the past few decades, which makes it inevitably released into the aquatic environment. In freshwater ecosystem, Chlorella is the most commonly used species to study the effect brought by metal oxide nanoparticles. In this work, both the short term and long term effect of P25 TiO2 on Chlorella were investigated. Here, we found that Nano-TiO2 would cause serious damage to chlorella in a short period of time, as confirmed by oxidative stress and algal cell morphology. However, different from the short-term condition, the damaging effect was gradually weakened along with the prolongation of exposure time of chlorella to Nano-TiO2 and the final observed inhibition rate of biomass was nearly zero. In addition, the other important finding of this work is that extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) has remarkably protective effect on algae cells. Algae cells with EPS removed were more vulnerable to nano titanium dioxide and exhibited more difficulties in returning back to normal growth compared with normal algae cells, which might be related to the attachment of nanoparticles to the cell surface.
Complementary Feeding and Associated Factors Among Mothers Having Children 6-23 Months in Yaya Gulale District, Oromia, Ethiopia from June 15 to June 30/2019
Authors: Arero Godana , Zewdie Mesay 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundComplementary feeding is the provision of nutrient containing foods or liquids other than breast milk that includes both solid foods and semisolid foods. There is limit study conducted in this area, so to know existing gap the topic was selected.ObjectiveTo study complementary feeding and associated factors among mothers who had children 6–23 months in Yaya Gulele district, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2019.MethodA cross-sectional study design was conducted among 558 mothers who had children with 6–23 months of age. Simple random sampling was used to select the required sample size. Pretest was conducted on 5% sample size. Data were cleared using Epi-Info version 7 & analyzed by SPSS version 20. Result was presented by using percent, frequency, tables and graphs. Crude & adjusted odds ratio were done along with 95% CI and level of statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05.ResultA total 558 individuals were participated in study with 98.2% response rate. Level of knowledge on complementary feeding was (79.57%). Maternal educations: primary, secondary and above (AOR = 3.59,95%CI:1.264–8.93, AOR = 3.109,95%CI:1.12–8.62), antennal care status: 1–2 visit,3 & above (AOR = 2.4,95%CI:1.13–5.3, AOR = 4.78,95%CI:2.197–10.42) respectively, place of delivery (AOR = 8.5,95%CI:4.41–16.50), post-natal care:1,2 and above visit (AOR = 2.6,95%CI:1.12–6.49,AOR = 3.6,95%CI:1.72–7.74); watching TV (AOR = 3.19, 95%CI:1.1–9.45) and listening radio (AOR = 2.32,95%CI:1.17–4.57) were independent predictor of level of good maternal knowledge on complementary feeding.Conclusion and recommendation:Educating the mothers through mass media and house to house by health extension workers is recommended to enhance knowledge of complementary feeding.
Pan-Genome Analysis of Mycobacterium Africanum: Insights to Dynamics and Evolution.
Authors: Olawoye Idowu , Frost Simon D.W. , Happi Christian T. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) consists of seven major lineages with three of them reported to circulate within West Africa: lineage 5 (West African 1) and lineage 6 (West African 2) which are geographically restricted to West Africa and lineage 4 (Euro-American lineage) which is found globally. It is unclear why the West African lineages are not found elsewhere; some hypotheses suggest that it could either be harboured by an animal reservoir which is restricted to West Africa, or strain preference for hosts of West African ethnicity, or inability to compete with other lineages in other locations.We tested the hypothesis that M. africanum West African 2 (lineage 6) might have emigrated out of West Africa but was outcompeted by more virulent modern strains of M. tuberculosis (MTB).Whole genome sequences of M. tuberculosis from Nigeria (n=21), South Africa (n=24) and M. africanum West African 2 from Mali (n=22) were retrieved, and a pan-genome analysis was performed after fully annotating these genomes. Results: The outcome of this analysis shows that Lineages 2, 4 and 6 all have a close pan-genome. We also see a correlation in numbers of some multiple copy core genes and amino acid substitution with lineage specificity that may have contributed to geographical distribution of these lineages.Conclusions: The findings in this study provides a perspective to one of the hypotheses that M. africanum West African 2 might find it difficult to compete against the more modern lineages outside West Africa hence its localization to the geographical region.
Semen quality of Colombian Creole as compared to commercial pig breeds
Authors: Mesa Rafael Suárez , Estany Joan , Rondón-Barragán Iang Schroniltgen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Colombian Creole pigs are a valuable resource for rural livelihood and research. There are three officially recognized Creole breeds in Colombia (Zungo, ZU; Casco de Mula, CM; and San Pedreño, SP). The phenotypic characterization of these breeds is still very limited, including the reproductive performance of their boars, which is a key issue for developing conservation and dissemination strategies. The aim of this research was to assess the semen quality of Colombian Creole breeds as compared to commonly used international breeds. Results Seven boars for each Colombian Creole (ZU, CM, and SP) and international (Duroc, Belgian Landrace, and Pietrain) breeds were used in the experiment. Two doses of semen per boar were assessed in duplicate for sperm kinetics and membrane and acrosome integrity using computer-assisted sperm analysis and flow cytometry, respectively. On average, the Creole pigs, as compared to international breeds, showed lower (P<0.05) volumeof fluid ejaculated(185.5 mL vs 239.9 mL) as well as sperm concentration (340.5 vs to 395.4, in million sperm/mL), motility (90.9% vs 95.3%) and progressive motility (63.1% vs 67.2%). No relevant differences between breeds for sperm velocity traits were observed, but Creole pigs had lower (P<0.05) proportion of morphologic normal sperm (86.1% vs 90.6%) and of sperm with intact mitochondria plasma membrane and acrosome (76.8% vs 87.5%). Mitochondrial membrane potential did not differ between Creole and international breeds. These results mean that Creole breeds had 60.5% less normal and motile sperm per ejaculate than international breeds. Amongst Creole breeds, SP had larger ejaculates and ZU showed greater proportion of normal and motile sperm, but they did not differ for the amount of normal and motile sperm per ejaculate. Conclusion The semen of Colombian Creole pigs is acceptable but less abundant and rich in normal and motile spermatozoa than that collected from commercial breeds. This fact should be considered in developing recommendations for semen processing in Creole pigs. Findings provided here can give new impetus to the conservation and insemination of Creole pigs.
NK cell receptor NKG2C deletion and HLA-E variants are risk factors for severe COVID-19
Authors: Vietzen Hannes , Zoufaly Alexander , Traugott Marianna , Aberle Judith , Aberle Stephan , Puchhammer-Stöckl Elisabeth 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 may show mild infection or may develop severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the present study, we investigated whether there is an association between the severity of COVID-19 and the naturally occurring human genetic variants in the natural killer (NK) cell NKG2C receptor (NKG2Cwt/del) and its cellular ligand HLA-E (HLA-E*0101/0103). Both factors are essential components of the NKG2C+ NK cell response and important parts of the defence against pulmonary viral infection. NKG2Cdel and HLA-E*0101 were significantly overrepresented in hospitalized patients (p=0.0006 and p=0.01, respectively) and particularly in critically ill patients requiring intensive care (p<0.0001 and p=0.01, respectively), compared to patients with mild symptoms or healthy controls. Both genetic variants were found to be independent risk factors for severe COVID-19. The data highlight that specific NKG2C+ NK cell responses play an important role against SARS-CoV-2 and that variations thereof may significantly influence the severity of disease.
Level of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 is highly elevated in old-aged patients with aortic stenosis: implications for ACE2 as a biomarker for the severity of COVID-19
Authors: Fagyas Miklós , Kertész Attila , Mányiné Ivetta Siket , Bánhegyi Viktor , Kracskó Bertalan , Szegedi Andrea , Szokol Miklós , Vajda Gusztáv , Rácz Ildikó , Csanádi Zoltán , Papp Zoltán , Tóth Attila , Sipka Sándor 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a high mortality in elderly patients with pre- existing cardiovascular diseases. The cellular receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), thereby implicating a link between cardiovascular diseases and SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility. Aortic stenosis (AS) represents a chronic inflammatory state with severe cardiovascular complications in the elderly, a prime condition for COVID-19 mortality. The circulating ACE2 levels were measured in 111 patients with severe AS and compared to patients with hypertension and healthy individuals.About 4-times higher circulating ACE2 activity was found in patients with severe AS than in hypertensives or healthy individuals (103.4±5.4, n=111, 24.4±0.6, n=540 and 17.3±1.3±0.6 mU/L, n=46, respectively). Patients with severe AS were older than patients with hypertension (79±0.7 years vs. 60±0.5 years, P<0.05). Serum ACE2 activity correlated negatively with the left ventricular ejection fraction and positively with the right ventricular systolic pressure in patients with AS. In contrast, circulating ACE2 activity was independent of the blood pressure, characteristics of the stenotic aortic valve (aortic valve area, peak flow velocity), kidney function (GFR) and inflammatory state (CRP). We found no effect of RAAS inhibitory drugs on the serum ACE2 activity in this group of patients.Our results illustrate circulating ACE2 as a potential interface between chronic inflammation, cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 susceptibility. Elderly patients with AS have markedly elevated ACE2 levels together with altered left and right ventricular functions, which may pose higher risks during COVID-19. Our clinical data do not support a role for RAAS inhibitors in regulating circulating ACE2 levels.
ARIMA Models for Predicting the End of COVID-19 Pandemic and the Risk of a Second Rebound
Authors: Zohair  , Elsayed  , Ewis Ashraf , Dagnew Guesh , Reda Ahmad , Elmarhomy Ghada , Elhosseini Mostafa A. , Hassanien Aboul Ella , Gad Ibrahim 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Globally, many research works are going on to study the infectious nature of COVID-19 and every day we learn something new about it through the flooding of the huge data that are accumulating hourly rather than daily which instantly opens hot research topics for artificial intelligence researchers. However, the public’s concern by now is to find answers for two questions; 1) when this COVID-19 pandemic will be over? and 2) After coming to its end, will COVID-19 return again in what is known as a second rebound of the pandemic?. This research developed a predictive model that can estimate the expected period of time that the virus can possibly stopped and the risk of a second rebound of COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study considered SARIMA model to predict the spread of the virus on several selected countries and is used for pandemic life cycle and end date predictions. The study can be applied to predict the same for other countries as the nature of the virus is the same everywhere. The advantages of this study are that it helps the governments in making decisions and planning now for the future, reduces anxiety and prepares the mentality of people for the next phases of the pandemic. The most striking finding to emerge from this experimental and simulation study is that the proposed algorithm show that the expected COVID-19 infections for the top countries of highest number of confirmed case will slowdown in October, 2020. Moreover, our study forecasts that there may be a second rebound of the pandemic in a year time, if the current taken precautions are eased completely. We have to consider the uncertain nature of the current COVID-19 pandemic and the growing inter-connected and complex world, what are ultimately required are the flexibility, robustness and resilience to cope up the unexpected future events and scenarios.
Regional Dissemination of a Carbapenemase-encoding Plasmid: Plasmidome analysis Reveals Diverse Adaptations of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Abe Ryuichiro , Akeda Yukihiro , Sugawara Yo , Takeuchi Dan , Matsumoto Yuki , Motooka Daisuke , Yamamoto Norihisa , Kawahara Ryuji , Tomono Kazunori , Fujino Yuji , Hamada Shigeyuki 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background. The global dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) threatens human health by limiting the range of usable antibiotics even against common bacterial infections. The spread of CRE is primarily due to the transmission of carbapenemase genes located on plasmids. However, few studies have comprehensively identified regionally spreading carbapenemase-encoding plasmids because of the difficulty to determine the complete sequence of a plasmid encoding carbapenemases. In a CRE surveillance study of 1,507 patients from 43 hospitals in northern Osaka, Japan, we previously found that 12% of the patients carried CRE and 95% of CRE isolates were IMP-6 producers. This result suggested a vast horizontal spread of a clonal plasmid carrying blaIMP-6 among Enterobacteriaceae in this region. In the current study, we aimed to describe the dynamics of this regional horizontal plasmid transmission.Results. We systematically analysed the plasmids of 230 CRE isolates carrying blaIMP obtained in our previous surveillance study by using whole genome sequencing and Southern blotting. We detected a major population (187 out of 230 blaIMP-positive CRE isolates, 85.6%) that carried blaIMP-6 on the IncN plasmid pKPI-6, along with diverse minor subpopulations. Among the subpopulations, we identified a novel cluster carrying an IncF plasmid that leads to heteroresistance due to amplification of blaIMP-6, resulting in covert transmission of blaIMP-6 or occasional chromosomal integration of blaIMP-6. In addition, we detected one isolate that harboured blaIMP-1, which is identical to blaIMP-6 except for a single point mutation, on pKPI-6 and thus had acquired a broader range of antimicrobial resistance. Conclusions. Carbapenemase-encoding plasmid tracking revealed the clonal dissemination of pKPI-6 among chromosomally distinct isolates. Focusing on the mode of carbapenemase gene carriage is helpful for monitoring of horizontal spread of CRE isolates that is difficult to trace only by the comparisons of the whole genomes. A seemingly clonal horizontal dissemination of the predominant plasmid had embraced heterogenous subpopulations that contribute to diverse adaptations including covert transmission, stable chromosomal integration of blaIMP-6, or broadened antimicrobial resistance patterns, ultimately leading to treatment failure.
Application of Sample Balance-Based Multi-Perspective Feature Ensemble Learning for Prediction of User Purchasing Behaviors on Mobile Wireless Network Platforms
Authors: Zhang Huibing , Dong Junchao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication network, M-Commerce has achieved great success. Relying on mobile phones, tablets and other wireless communication devices for online shopping has become a mainstream way for users to consume. Users leave a lot of historical behavior data when shopping on the M-Commerce platform. Using these data to predict future purchasing behaviors of the users will be of great significance for improving user experience and realizing mutual benefit and win-win result between merchant and user. Therefore, a sample balance-based multi-perspective feature ensemble learning was proposed in this study as the solution to predicting user purchasing behaviors, specifically including: 1) “Sliding window”-centroid under-sampling was combined with sample balance method was used, while the positive sample size was enlarged using “sliding window”, centroid under-sampling was used to reduce the negative sample size within “sliding window”, so as to acquire user’s historical purchasing behavioral data with sample balance. 2) Influence feature of user purchasing behaviors were extracted from three perspectives—user, commodity and interaction, in order to further enrich the feature dimensions. Meanwhile, feature selection was carried out using XGBSFS algorithm. 3) An ensemble learning model—five-fold cross validation stacking—which could be used to predict user purchasing behaviors was raised. Three prediction models—XGBoost-Logistics, LightGBM-L2 and cascaded deep forest models—so that they could realize mutual collaboration and the overall prediction ability of the ensemble learning model could be improved. 4) Large-scale real datasets were experimented on Alibaba M-Commerce platform. The experimental results show that the proposed method has achieved better prediction effect in various evaluation indexes such as precision and recall rate.
Cerebral Radiation Necrosis Masquerading as Recurrent, High-Grade Meningioma: A Case Report
Authors: AlQooti Ebtesam Abdulla , Luther Harleen , Shah Tejal , Chandran Nisha 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Cerebral radiation necrosis (CRN) is a complication caused by radiation therapy (RT) used for treating high-grade intracranial neoplasms. It is essential to be aware of this condition as it can be frequently mistaken for tumor recurrence. Herein, we report a case of misdiagnosis of CRN in a young male, which has heavily influenced his clinical history.Case Presentation: We report a 25-year-old male diagnosed with right frontal convexity meningioma based on computerized tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The operation achieved a macroscopically complete tumor resection. The histopathology was an atypical meningioma. Accordingly, the patient received RT. The patient reported new-onset of generalized seizures and worsening of left hemiparesis three months after completion of RT. MRI showed abnormal peripheral enhancement in the right frontal region involving the genu of the corpus callosum and extensive brain edema. Magnetic resonance spectrometry (MRS) changes were suggestive of tumor recurrence. The patient underwent surgery with total resection of the lesion. The histopathology was CRN without evidence of tumor recurrence. Due to refractory progressive brain edema, the patient’s clinical status deteriorated until he expired.Conclusion: CRN carries morbidity and mortality as a complication from brain irradiation. There is no single modality that can reliably distinguish CRN from recurrent tumor. Therefore, a multimodality approach highly recommended.
Ultrasound Microbubbles-mediated Microrna-505 Regulates Cervical Cancer Cell Growth via AKT2
Authors: Xu Leilei , Zhang Qin , Li Changhua , Hua Fu , Liu Xiaoping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The gene-loaded microbubbles (MBs) combined with ultrasound resulting in increased delivery efficiency, may be a novel method of gene delivery. We explored the effects of ultrasound and microbubbles (USMB)-mediated microRNA (miR)-505 on cervical cancer (CC) development.Methods: miR-505 mediated by USMB was prepared. The effect of miR-505 on its transfection efficiency was studied by RT-qPCR. The effect of miR-505 on HeLa cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was used to study cell cycle changes, Hoechst was utilized to detect apoptosis. Through the wound healing and Transwell assay, the migration and invasion ability of HeLa cells were measured. The target gene of miR-505 was predicted, and its expression in CC was detected. The target relationship and the effect of the target gene on HeLa cells were further verified.Results: USMB-miR-505 showed higher transfection efficiency than miR-505 alone. miR-505 inhibited HeLa cell malignant episodes, which were reinforced by USMB treatment. miR-505 targeted AKT2. AKT2 was highly expressed in CC, and overexpression of AKT2 significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-505 mediated by USMB on HeLa cell malignant biological behaviors.Conclusion: USMB-miR-505 inhibited HeLa cell malignant biological behaviors by targeting AKT2.
WITHDRAWN: Large deflection analysis of nanocomposite cylindrical shell subjected to internal pressure
Authors: Rahimi E. , Golmakani M.E. , Sadeghian M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this work, large deflection behavior of a functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) cylindrical shell under internal pressure is studied. The composite cylindrical shell reinforced along the longitudinal direction and made from a polymeric matrix. Based on first-order shear deformation shell theory (FSDT) and von Kármán geometrical nonlinearity, the set of governing equations are derived. Using the dynamic relaxation (DR) technique, these systems of equations are solved for various boundary conditions and the roles of volume fraction of CNTs, CNTs distributions and geometrical ratios are examined on the responses.