bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status of aquatic and riparian biodiversity in artificial lake ecosystems with and without management for recreational fisheries: Implications for conservation
Authors: Nikolaus Robert , Schafft Malwina , Maday Andreas , Klefoth Thomas , Wolter Christian , Arlinghaus Robert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Humanity is facing a biodiversity crisis, with freshwater‐associated biodiversity in a particularly dire state. Novel ecosystems created through human use of mineral resources, such as gravel pit lakes, can provide substitute habitats for the conservation of freshwater and riparian biodiversity. Many of these artificial ecosystems are subject to a high intensity of recreational use, however, which may limit their biodiversity potential.
The species richness of several taxa (plants, amphibians, dragonflies, damselflies, waterfowl, and songbirds) was assessed and a range of taxonomic biodiversity metrics were compared between gravel pit lakes managed for recreational fisheries (n = 16) and unmanaged reference lakes (n = 10), controlling for non‐fishing‐related environmental variation.
The average species richness of all the taxa examined was similar among lakes in both lake types and no substantial differences in species composition were found when examining the pooled species inventory. Similarly, there were no differences between lake types in the presence of rare species and in the Simpson diversity index across all of the taxa assessed.
Variation in species richness among lakes was correlated with woody habitat, lake morphology (surface area and steepness), and land use, but was not correlated with the presence of recreational fisheries. Thus, non‐fishing‐related environmental variables had stronger effects on local species presence than recreational fisheries management or the presence of recreational anglers.
Collectively, no evidence was found that anglers and recreational fisheries management constrain the development of aquatic and riparian biodiversity in gravel pit lakes in the study region; however, the conservation of species diversity in gravel pit lakes could benefit from an increasing reliance on habitat enhancement activities.
Molecularly imprinted spongy columns for Angiotensin(II) recognition from human serum
Authors: Yıldırım Mehtap , Baydemir Peşint Gözde 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAngiotensin II (AngII), the effector peptide of the renin angiotensin system and has an important role in regulating cardiovascular hemodynamics and structure. AngII is an important biomarker for certain diseases that are associated with cardiovascular disorders, i.e., influenza, SARS‐CoV‐2, tumors, hypertension, etc. However, AngII presents in blood in very low concentrations and they are not stable due to their reactivity, therefore spontaneous detection of AngII is a big challenge. In this study, AngII‐imprinted spongy columns (AngII‐misc) synthesized for AngII detection from human serum, and characterized by surface area measurements (BET), swelling tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR studies. AngII binding studies were achieved from aqueous environment and maximum binding capacity was found as 0.667 mg/g. It was calculated that the AngII‐miscs recognized AngII 8.27 and 14.25 times more selectively than competitor Angiotensin I and Vasopressin molecules. Newly produced AngII‐misc binds 60.5 pg/g AngII from crude human serum selectively. It has a great potential for spontaneous detection of AngII from human serum for direct and critical measurements in serious diseases, that is, heart attacks, SARS‐CoV‐2, etc.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids production by solid‐state fermentation on polyurethane foam by Mortierella alpina
Authors: Ferreira Marta , Fernandes Helena , Peres Helena , Oliva‐Teles Aires , Belo Isabel , Salgado José Manuel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential in healthy diets and their production is extremely important. Natural sources of PUFAs includes animal and aquatic products such as marine fish oil, however there are several limitations such as the decrease of fish stocks throughout the world. Thus, microbial oils are a preferable source of PUFAs. Herein, it was studied the production of PUFAs by Mortierella alpina under solid‐state fermentation (SSF) using polyurethane foam as inert substrate and synthetic medium or lignocellulosic hydrolysate as source of C, N, and other nutrients. Several parameters of fermentation conditions were evaluated as carbon source, inductors addition, ratio C/N and temperature. The highest amount of total PUFAs per mass of solid (535.41 ± 24.12 mg/g), linoleic acid (129.66 ± 5.84 mg/g), and α‐linoleic acid (401.93 ± 18.10 mg/g) were produced when the culture medium contained 20 g/L glucose, 10% (w/v) linseed oil, the C/N ratio was adjusted to 25 and the incubation temperature was 25°C for 3 days decreasing to 16°C on the remaining 4 days of fermentation. In addition, a hemicellulosic hydrolysate can be used as low‐cost substrate to produce PUFAs, although the production was lower than the achieved with synthetic medium. SSF showed an interesting technology for microbial PUFAs production.
Prognostic impacts of extracranial metastasis on non‐small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis: A retrospective study based on surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database
Authors: Wang Miao , Wu Qiuji , Zhang Jun , Qin Guizhen , Yang Tian , Liu Yixin , Wang Xulong , Zhang Boyu , Wei Yongchang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of the number and sites of extracranial metastasis (ECM) in NSCLC patients with BM. NSCLC patients with BM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015 were enrolled in analysis. Patients from 2010 to 2013 were included in the training set and those from 2014 to 2015 in the validation set. ECM sites among different subtypes of NSCLC were compared by Chi‐square tests. Kaplan–Meier methods and Cox regression models were performed to analyze survival data. Competing‐risks analysis was used to predict cumulative incidence rates for CSS and non‐CSS cause. We included 5974 patients in the training cohort and 3561 patients in the validation cohort. Most (nearly 80%) NSCLC patients with BM showed 0–1 involved extracranial organ, with the most and least common ECM organ being bone and distant lymph nodes (DLNs) among all subtypes of NSCLC, respectively. The number of involved extracranial organs was an independent prognostic factor for patients with BM from NSCLC (p < 0.001). Patients with 0–1 ECM had better survival than those with larger number of involved extracranial organs (p < 0.001). Cumulative incidence rates for CSS were increased with the number of ECM raising (p < 0.001). All involved extracranial organs were associated with worse survival (p < 0.05). In patients with single‐organ ECM, we observed a better prognosis in lung and bone metastasis, while liver metastasis showed worst survival. But the difference in survival in these patient groups was relatively small. Patients with liver metastasis had higher cumulative incidence rates for CSS than that in patients with lung and bone metastasis (p < 0.05). More extracranial metastases were associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients with BM and ECM sites showed limited effect on survival. Tailored treatments would be reasonable for BM patients from NSCLC with different metastasis patterns.
Incidence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor in Chinese urban population: A national population‐based study
Authors: Xu Lu , Ma Yanpeng , Wang Shengfeng , Feng Jingnan , Liu Lili , Wang Jinxi , Liu Guozhen , Xiu Dianrong , Fu Wei , Zhan Siyan , Sun Tao , Gao Pei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundInformation on incidence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), the most common type of mesenchymal tumor in gastrointestinal tract, was limited in China. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of GIST in urban population from mainland China in 2016.MethodsUrban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) and Urban Residence Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) in China were used. The denominator of incidence was the total person‐years of insured individuals in 2016 in the database, covering approximately 0.43 billion individuals. The numerator was the number of incident GIST cases in 2016.ResultsThe crude incidence in 2016 was 0.40 per 100,000 person‐years (95% CI, 0.06–1.03). Male incidence was higher than female incidence (0.44 vs. 0.36, rate ratio: 1.22, p < 0.001). The mean age at diagnosis was 55.20 years (SD = 14.26) and the incidence among those aged 50 years or older was 2.63 times (0.84 vs. 0.32, p < 0.001) higher than those aged under 50. The highest incidence was observed in East China (2.29, 95% CI: 0.46–5.54).ConclusionsThe incidence of GIST in mainland China was lower than Europe, North America and Korea. The mean age at diagnosis of GIST in China was younger than that of Europe and Canada. This study provides useful information to further research, policy formulating and management of GIST.
Plasma concentration of amitriptyline and metabolites after resuscitation from cardiopulmonary arrest following an overdose: A case report
Authors: Ando Motozumi , Tamura Ryo , Nakasako Shinji , Takimoto Satsuki , Ariyoshi Koichi , Yamaguchi Marie , Sakizono Kenji , Eto Masaaki , Fukushima Shoji , Sugioka Nobuyuki , Hashida Tohru 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIt may need to pay attention to the sustention of moderate cardiotoxicity and delayed elevation of plasma 10‐hydroxynortriptyline level in severe amitriptyline overdose case.
Guidewire knot formation with peripherally inserted central catheter
Authors: Saito Hiroaki , Suda Tsuyoshi , Nishida Yoji 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe formation of guidewire knots during PICC insertion is an extreme rare complication. Forced insertion or withdrawal of a knotted guidewire may cause tearing of the veins. Surgical guidewire removal is required due to risk of vascular injury.
An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on the Oxidation of CO over Pd/C Derived from the Spent Pd Catalyst
Authors: Palliyarayil Ansari , Selvarajan Premkumar , Prakash Pavan Seethur , Sathish C. I. , Dasireddy Venkata. D. B. C. , Vinu Ajayan , Kumar Nallaperumal Shunmuga , Sil Sanchita 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDevelopment of novel materials and methodologies for removal of toxic and poisonous carbon monoxide (CO) gas is important to solve serious health and environmental related problems. Existing materials used for the removal of CO gas are quite expensive and therefore, the synthesis of low‐cost and earth‐abundant catalyst for CO oxidation is urgently needed. In the present work, we report the preparation of Pd nanoparticles loaded on porous carbon supports from the spent Pd/C and the subsequent catalytic oxidation of CO. Different Pd based catalysts are prepared by using various reducing agents with different reduction potential such as formaldehyde, green tea, ascorbic acid, and sodium borohydride. The prepared catalysts are characterized and employed for the oxidation of CO. All the prepared catalysts show excellent activity towards CO oxidation at room temperature either in presence or absence of moisture depending on the Pd0/Pd+2 ratio in Pd/C which follows the order Pd/C−NaBH4>Pd/C−HCHO>Pd/C−Ascorbic acid>Pd/C−Green tea. Experimental findings of the present work also reveal that depending on the oxidation state, and moisture plays a critical role in Pd catalytic properties on the oxidation of CO. Theoretical calculations performed using Vienna ab initio Simulation Package (VASP) support the experimental observations and further confirm that the reaction proceeds through Langmuir‐Hinshelwood mechanism.
Optimization of Gas‐Solids Contact in an Industrial Multistage Circulation Stripper
Authors: Yao Xiuying , Liu Biao , Liu Mengxi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn industrial multistage circulation stripper (MSCS) is simulated to improve its stripping efficiency. In its baffle region, an amount of vapor is easily to be gathered under the baffle and forms the vapor bypass near the walls. The comparison of the vapor flux at each row of holes indicates that the reason is an improper hole layout in the baffles. A method of hole layout to improve the vapor‐particles contact is built based on the Bernoulli equation. The enhanced baffles can decrease the average standard deviation from 0.1783 to 0.0056 and improve the stripping efficiency in the downer baffle region. The vapor distribution in the baffles perfecting the hole layout is sensitive to the superficial gas velocity but not to the mass flow rate of particles.
Topological Insulator‐Assisted MoSe2/Bi2Se3 Heterostructure: Achieving Fast Reaction Kinetics Toward High Rate Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Yu , Han Manshu , Zhou Zhihao , Xia Xinhui , Chen Qingguo , Chen Minghua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOwing to the large interlayer spacing and the excellent theoretical capacity of MoSe2, it has great potential to be applied as an anode material for sodium‐ion batteries. However, the rate performance of MoSe2 is strongly limited by the insufficient intrinsic electron transfer kinetics. Herein, a simple two‐step hydrothermal method to construct MoSe2/Bi2Se3 heterostructures was developed by growing MoSe2 nanosheets onto Bi2Se3 nanoflakes directly. The typical topological insulator possesses ultrafast surface electronic conductivity, which makes the batteries exhibit a superior rate capability and considerable cycling stability. At a high rate of 10 A g−1, the MoSe2/Bi2Se3 electrode still delivered a superior capacity of 244 mA h g−1 (about 60 % of the discharge capacity at 0.1 A g−1), which is better than that in some of the previously reported MoSe2/carbon composites. It also can compare with some of the MoSe2‐containing complex sandwich architectures. Such unique rate performance is bound strongly with high interlayer spacing and rapid electron transfer kinetics. Besides, the different Fermi level energies of Bi2Se3 (work function is 5.61 eV) and MoSe2 (work function is 4.3 eV) probably induce a built‐in electric field nearby the heterofaces. The electric force could promote Na ions diffusibility upon cycling, leading to high reversible capacity and excellent rate performance.
Recycling of Catalysts from Surfactant Systems
Authors: Schwarze Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSurfactant systems belong to the green solvents and can be used as reaction media for very different stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. The possibilities to separate catalysts and products afterward are very diverse. This overview article illustrates the different possibilities, with selected examples. There is no general separation concept, but the separation method has to be chosen according to the selected reaction system.
The role of inherently safer design in process safety
Authors: Amyotte Paul R. , Khan Faisal I. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe role of inherently safer design (ISD) in process safety assurance has changed significantly over the past 40 years. When first introduced by Professor Trevor Kletz following the 1974 Flixborough explosion, the ISD concept challenged the manner in which process risk was addressed in the chemical industry. The prevailing view of adding on safety devices and implementing procedures aimed at controlling hazards was now complemented by a way of thinking that sought to remove or reduce hazards at their source. The past 20 years have seen ISD mature into an established risk reduction strategy that is widely known in principle and increasingly adopted in practice. The current paper reviews the authors' collaborative research efforts aimed at integrating ISD into various process safety systems, activities, and applications. The primary inherent safety principles (minimization, substitution, moderation, and simplification) are explained with example‐based guidance provided for their use. ISD features and performance indices are examined throughout the early design and operational stages of a typical process life cycle. Preventing and mitigating undesirable occurrences such as domino effects and dust explosions are shown to be feasible by adopting an inherent safety approach. The importance of reviewing ISD case studies developed from incident investigations is also discussed. Finally, we present our personal opinions on the current status of inherently safer design and future possibilities for its continued growth.
Discovery of New Iridoids as Farnesoid X Receptor Agonists from Morinda officinalis: Agonistic Potentials and Molecular Stimulation
Authors: Luan Zhi‐Lin , Qiao Fei , Zhao Wen‐Yu , Ming Wen‐Hua , Yu Zhen‐Long , Liu Jie , Dai Sheng‐Yun , Jiang Shuang‐Hui , Lian Chao‐Jie , Sun Cheng‐Peng , Zhang Bao‐Jing , Zheng Jian , Ma Shuang‐Cheng , Ma Xiao‐Chi 
Published: December 2020

Main observation and conclusionThe investigation of Morinda officinalis led to the isolation of twelve compounds (1—12), including three new iridoid glycosides morindalins A—C (1—3) and nine known compounds (4—12). Their structural identifications were conducted using HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra as well as quantum chemical computations. Compound 6 displayed the most significantly agonistic activity against farnesoid X receptor (FXR) with an EC50 value of 7.18 μM, and its agonistic effect was verified through the investigation of FXR downstream target genes including small heterodimer partner 1 (SHP1), bile salt export pump (BSEP), and organic solute transporter subunit alpha and beta (OSTα and OSTβ). The potential interaction of compound 6 with FXR was analyzed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics stimulation, revealing that amino acid residues Leu287, Thr288, and Ser332 played a crucial role in the activation of compound 6 towards FXR. These findings suggested that compound 6 could be regarded as a potential candidate for the development of FXR agonists.
Safety and feasibility of low‐dose ticagrelor in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Jiang Yunfa , Zhi Wei , Fu Yang , Wang Qing , Zhou Jianli , Zheng Shaochen , Hao Guozhen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have confirmed the safety and feasibility of half‐dose ticagrelor in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome, but currently there is no plan for the use of ticagrelor for Chinese ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.HypothesisIt is safe and feasible of low‐dose ticagrelor in patients with STEMI.MethodsThe STEMI patients who were undergoing emergency intervention and taking ticagrelor were enrolled. Patients whose level of platelet aggregation rate (PAR) less than 30% after 7‐day treatment with standard‐dose ticagrelor were randomly divided into low‐dose group (LD group, 45 mg twice daily) and standard‐dose group (SD group, 90 mg twice daily). The changes of levels of platelet parameters were compared between the two groups. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), bleeding events were compared between the two groups within 6 months of follow‐up.ResultsThe levels of PAR in the SD group decreased compared with baseline, and was lower than those of LD group at the same time point. The levels of platelet distribution width in both groups decreased from the baseline values (all p < .05) at 1, 3, and 6 months after grouping treatment, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. The incidence of MACE was similar between the two groups of patients. There were decreasing trends in the incidences of minimal bleeding event, minor bleeding event, dyspnea, and gout in the LD group.ConclusionIt is safe and feasible of low‐dose ticagrelor for patients with STEMI based on the monitoring of PAR.
Hypoglycemia and Glycemic Control With Glyburide in Women With Gestational Diabetes and Genetic Variants of Cytochrome P450 2C9 and/or OATP1B3
Authors: Bouchghoul Hanane , Bouyer Jean , Senat Marie‐Victoire , Mandelbrot Laurent , Letourneau Alexandra , Bourcigaux Nathalie , Becquemont Laurent , Verstuyft Céline 
Published: December 2020

Glyburide is mainly metabolized by the cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) enzyme and enters the liver via the transporter OATP1B3. The variants OATP1B3*4 (699 G>A; rs7311358) and CYP2C9*2 and *3 are known to have a significant influence on the hepatic uptake and metabolism of glyburide, with lower clearance than in the wild type. In an ancillary study of the INDAO trial, we selected 117 pregnant women with gestational diabetes treated by glyburide and assessed the role of the combined CYP2C9 and OATP1B3 genetic polymorphisms in hypoglycemia and glycemic control. Three groups were constituted: (1) the wild‐type genotype group (wild‐type allele genotype for both CYP2C9*1 and OATP1B3*1 (699G)), (2) the intermediate group (carriers of CYP2C9*2 allele or OATP1B3*4 (699G>A) heterozygous), and (3) the variant group (carriers of CYP2C9*3 allele and/or OATP1B3*4 (699G>A) homozygous variant). We found that the risk of hypoglycemia was significantly higher in the variant genotype at the second week of treatment: 20.0% (4/20) vs. 8.1% (3/37) in the intermediate group and 4.1% (2/49) in the wild‐type genotype group (P = 0.03). The last daily dose of glyburide during pregnancy was lower for patients in the variant genotype group: 4.7 mg (SD 3.5) vs. 8.7 mg (SD 5.7) in the wild‐type group and 5.7 mg (SD 3.7) in the intermediate group (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the no‐function variants CYP2C9*3 and OATP1B3*4 are associated with a higher risk of hypoglycemia and a lower dose of glyburide in women with gestational diabetes treated with glyburide, which is consistent with the pharmacokinetic roles of both CYP2C9 and OATP1B3.
Cotton phenotyping and physiology monitoring with a proximal remote sensing system
Authors: Adams Curtis B. , Ritchie Glen L. , Rajan Nithya 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSubstantial progress has been made in developing sensor‐based proximal phenotyping systems for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but research is needed to improve in‐season prediction of lint yield and to improve accuracy in monitoring crop water stress using such a system. Here, we report on results of a 2‐yr field study in which a proximal remote sensing system (measuring canopy height, spectral indices [normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI], and canopy temperature) was deployed every 2 wk over plots of eight cotton varieties at three rates of ET replacement (0, 45, and 90%). As expected, NDVI was an excellent predictor of canopy and biomass traits, including canopy height and leaf area index (LAI). The strength of correlations between in‐season sensor measurements (NDVI and the canopy‐to‐air temperature difference [Tc – Ta]) and lint yield ranged from poor to fair when analyzed by irrigation rate and excellent when analyzed across all rates. Correlations were weaker in the drier of the two years tested and NDVI was a better and more consistent predictor of yield than Tc − Ta, though multiple linear regression integrating both variables improved results by up to 9%. Combining the Tc − Ta data with onsite atmospheric weather station data allowed calculation of empirical crop water stress index (CWSI) values. Using the CWSI metric, relative differences in crop water stress were clear among ET replacement levels once the canopy width reached the threshold for focusing the infrared temperature sensor on the canopy. This indicated that cotton water stress can be successfully monitored using a proximal phenotyping system, which can be quickly and easily deployed across many plots in research or production settings.