bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Force-of-infection of Taenia solium porcine cysticercosis: a modelling analysis to assess global incidence and prevalence trends
Authors: Dixon Matthew A. , Winskill Peter , Harrison Wendy E. , Whittaker Charles , Schmidt Veronika , Sarti Elsa , Bawm Saw , Dione Michel M. , Thomas Lian F. , Walker Martin , Basáñez Maria-Gloria 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe World Health Organization (WHO) called, in 2012, for a validated strategy towards Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis control and elimination. Estimating pig force-of-infection (FoI, the average rate at which susceptible pigs become infected) across geographical settings will help understand local epidemiology and inform effective intervention design. Porcine cysticercosis (PCC) age-prevalence data (from 15 studies in Latin America, Africa and Asia) were identified through systematic review. Catalytic models were fitted to the data using Bayesian methods, incorporating uncertainty in diagnostic performance, to estimate rates of antibody seroconversion, viable metacestode acquisition, and seroreversion/infection loss. There was evidence of antibody seroreversion across 5 studies, and of infection loss in 6 studies measured by antigen or necropsy, indicating transient serological responses and natural resolution of infection. Concerted efforts should be made to collect robust data using improved diagnostics to better understand geographical heterogeneities in T. solium transmission to support post-2020 WHO targets.
In situ breast cancer incidence patterns in Iceland and differences in ductal carcinoma in situ treatment compared to Sweden
Authors: Agustsson Arnar S. , Birgisson Helgi , Agnarsson Bjarni A. , Jonsson Thorvaldur , Stefansdottir Hrefna , Wärnberg Fredrik , Lambe Mats , Tryggvadottir Laufey , Sverrisdottir Asgerdur 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe purpose was to review the incidence of in situ carcinoma in Iceland after initiating population-based mammography screening in 1987 and to compare management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) between Iceland and the Uppsala–Örebro region (UÖR) in Central Sweden. The Icelandic Cancer Registry provided data on in situ breast carcinomas for women between 1957 and 2017. Clinical data for women with DCIS between 2008 and 2014 was extracted from hospital records and compared to women diagnosed in UÖR. In Iceland, in situ carcinoma incidence increased from 7 to 30 per 100 000 women per year, following the introduction of organised mammography screening. The proportion of in situ carcinoma of all breast carcinomas increased from 4 to 12%. More than one third (35%) of women diagnosed with DCIS in Iceland were older than 70 years versus 18% in UÖR. In Iceland, 49% of all DCIS women underwent mastectomy compared to 40% in UÖR. The incidence of in situ carcinoma in Iceland increased four-fold after the uptake of population-based mammography screening causing considerable risk of overtreatment. Differences in treatment of DCIS were seen between Iceland and UÖR, revealing the importance of quality registration for monitoring patterns of management.
Cytoskeletal disorganization underlies PABPN1-mediated myogenic disability
Authors: Olie Cyriel Sebastiaan , van der Wal Erik , Cikes Domagoj , Maton Loes , de Greef Jessica C. , Lin I.-Hsuan , Chen Yi-Fan , Kareem Elsayad , Penninger Josef M. , Kessler Benedikt M. , Raz Vered 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMuscle wasting and atrophy are regulated by multiple molecular processes, including mRNA processing. Reduced levels of the polyadenylation binding protein nucleus 1 (PABPN1), a multifactorial regulator of mRNA processing, cause muscle atrophy. A proteomic study in muscles with reduced PABPN1 levels suggested dysregulation of sarcomeric and cytoskeletal proteins. Here we investigated the hypothesis that reduced PABPN1 levels lead to an aberrant organization of the cytoskeleton. MURC, a plasma membrane-associated protein, was found to be more abundant in muscles with reduced PABPN1 levels, and it was found to be expressed at regions showing regeneration. A polarized cytoskeletal organization is typical for muscle cells, but muscle cells with reduced PABPN1 levels (named as shPAB) were characterized by a disorganized cytoskeleton that lacked polarization. Moreover, cell mechanical features and myogenic differentiation were significantly reduced in shPAB cells. Importantly, restoring cytoskeletal stability, by actin overexpression, was beneficial for myogenesis, expression of sarcomeric proteins and proper localization of MURC in shPAB cell cultures and in shPAB muscle bundle. We suggest that poor cytoskeletal mechanical features are caused by altered expression levels of cytoskeletal proteins and contribute to muscle wasting and atrophy.
Pain management of unicompartmental (UKA) vs. total knee arthroplasty (TKA) based on a matched pair analysis of 4144 cases
Authors: Leiss Franziska , Götz Julia Sabrina , Maderbacher Günther , Zeman Florian , Meissner Winfried , Grifka Joachim , Benditz Achim , Greimel Felix 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty are well established treatment options for end-stage osteoarthritis, UKA still remains infrequently used if you take all knee arthroplasties into account. An important factor following knee arthroplasty is pain control in the perioperative experience, as high postoperative pain level is associated with persistent postsurgical pain. There is little literature which describes pain values and the need for pain medication following UKA and/or TKA. So far, no significant difference in pain has been found between UKA and TKA. The aim of the study was to evaluate differences in the postoperative course in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty vs. total knee arthroplasty regarding the need for pain medication and patient-reported outcomes including pain scores and side effects. We hypothesized that unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is superior to total knee arthroplasty in terms of postoperative pain values and the need of pain medication. In this project, we evaluated 2117 patients who had unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and 3798 who had total knee arthroplasty performed, from 2015 to 2018. A total of 4144 patients could be compared after performing the matched pair analysis. A professional team was used for data collection and short patient interviews to achieve high data quality on the first postoperative day. Parameters were compared after performing a 1:1 matched pair analysis, multicenter-wide in 14 orthopedic departments. Pain scores were significantly lower for the UKA group than those of the TKA group (p < 0.001 respectively for activity pain, minimum and maximum pain). In the recovery unit, there was less need for pain medication in patients with UKA (p = 0.004 for non-opioids). The opiate consumption was similarly lower for the UKA group, but not statistically significant (p = 0.15). In the ward, the UKA group needed less opioids (p < 0.001). Patient subjective parameters were significantly better for UKA. After implantation of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, patients showed lower pain scores, a reduced need for pain medication and better patient subjective parameters in the early postoperative course in this study.
„Wird erst einmal der Macer gedruckt sein…“
Authors: Niedenthal Tobias 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDer „Macer floridus“ (alternativ „De viribus herbarum“) gehört zweifellos zu den wichtigsten Werken der europäischen Pflanzenheilkunde. Das lateinische Lehrgedicht aus dem 11. Jahrhundert, das in 77 Kapiteln die wichtigsten Arzneipflanzen der Zeit behandelt, ist der Allgemeinheit heute eher unbekannt, was nicht zuletzt daran liegen mag, dass es bereits relativ kurz nach seiner Entstehung in nahezu alle wichtigen europäischen Volkssprachen übertragen und noch im Mittelalter vielfach ungenannt in Kräuterbuch-Kompilationen eingearbeitet wurde. Während die Bedeutung des Werkes in seiner Gänze in der Neuzeit zunehmend verblasste, wurden zahlreiche Anwendungen noch über Jahrhunderte tradiert.
Ein Auge auf die Nachbarschaft
Authors: Lohmann Maria 
Published: October 2020

SummaryHäufig sind Alkoholgenuss und Überernährung an Leber-Galle-Erkrankungen beteiligt, zunehmend jedoch auch Dysbiosen, Medikamente, Schadstoffe und Diabetes mellitus. Neben der gängigen Leberdiagnostik liefert auch die Irisdiagnose wertvolle Hinweise, wobei gilt: Die Therapie sollte möglichst beginnen, bevor die Laborwerte auffällig werden. Diätetik, Mariendistel, Artischocke, Probiotika, Selen und Zink zählen zum erfolgreichen Repertoire der naturheilkundlichen Leber-Galle-Therapie.
Grün, sauer, bitter: Ernährungstherapie für die Leber
Authors: März Henrike 
Published: October 2020

SummaryDie Leber ist an zahlreichen Prozessen wie dem Kohlenhydrat-, Eiweiß- und Fettstoffwechsel, aber auch an der Entgiftung und Mikronährstoffspeicherung wesentlich beteiligt. Präventiv kann man das Organ durch die Ernährung unterstützen, beispielsweise mit Bitterstoffen, Alkoholverzicht, Früchten mit natürlicher Säure und grüner Pflanzenkost. Bei Erkrankungen der Leber wie der nichtalkoholischen Fettleber sollte die Ernährung an die bestehende Leberfunktionseinschränkung angepasst werden.
Botschafter des Ostens
Authors: Bögel-Witt Martina 
Published: October 2020

SummaryDie Leber hat in der TCM die Aufgabe, das Qi zu bewegen und zu verteilen sowie das Blut zu speichern. Sie korrespondiert mit anderen Zang-Organen und ist an einer Vielzahl von Erkrankungen beteiligt. Insbesondere Stimmungsschwankungen, Störungen der Augen und des Schlafes sowie Kopfschmerzen zeigen häufig einen Zusammenhang mit Leberstörungen wie Aufsteigendes Leber- Yang, Leber-Qi-Stagnation oder Loderndes Leber-Feuer. Im Fallbeispiel kann eine fortschreitende Makuladegeneration durch ein sehr spezifisches Akupunktur- und Tuinakonzept stabilisiert werden.
Der Große Wiesenknopf
Authors: Bunse Marek , Stintzing Florian C. , Kammerer Dietmar R. 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Große Wiesenknopf (Sanguisorba officinalis L.) – eine Pflanze aus der Familie der Rosaceae – findet seit über 2000 Jahren vorwiegend im chinesischen Raum Anwendung bei der Behandlung von Verbrennungen, Blutungen und schlecht heilenden Wunden. Hydroalkoholische Auszüge der Wurzeln werden heute insbesondere in der Komplementärmedizin angewendet. Aber auch die Kosmetikindustrie zeigt steigendes Interesse an den Inhaltsstoffen dieser Pflanze. Beispielsweise finden Sanguisorba-Zubereitungen aufgrund ihrer UV-protektiven Wirkung, ihrer Dermatitis-lindernden Eigenschaften und der vielversprechenden Anti-Aging-Effekte Anwendung in verschiedenen Creme-Formulierungen. Die Inhaltsstoffe, besonders der Wurzel von S. officinalis, und deren Pharmakologie werden seit dem letzten Jahrzehnt intensiv erforscht. Neue phytochemische Untersuchungen der Blüten zeigen, dass neben Wurzeln und Kraut auch diese Pflanzenteile Triterpene, Phenole, fette Öle, aber auch Amine enthalten. Um die Gesamtheit der Inhaltsstoffe von S. officinalis und die damit verbundenen möglichen pharmazeutischen Anwendungen angemessen bewerten zu können, bietet dieser Beitrag einen Überblick über den wissenschaftlichen Kenntnisstand zur Pharmakognosie von S. officinalis.
Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology and Predisposing Factors
Authors: Bovolini António , Garcia Juliana , Andrade Maria Amparo , Duarte José Alberto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors with high prevalence among adult populations and elevated costs for public health systems worldwide. Despite the lack of consensus regarding the syndrome definition and diagnosis criteria, it is characterized by the coexistence of risk factors such as abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, a prothrombotic and pro-inflammatory state, insulin resistance (IR), and higher glucose levels, factors indubitably linked to an increased risk of developing chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The syndrome has a complex and multifaceted origin not fully understood; however, it has been strongly suggested that sedentarism and unbalanced dietary patterns might play a fundamental role in its development. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview from the syndrome epidemiology, costs, and main etiological traits from its relationship with unhealthy diet patterns and sedentary lifestyles.
Under-appreciated and Overlooked Modes of Exercises on Key Vascular
Functions
Authors: Tanaka Hirofumi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe arterial system has two primary functions. The conduit function is to
transport adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, and the
cushioning function is to buffer and cushion the pulsatile pressure exerted
by intermittent ventricular contractions. The impairments in these two
functions often result from physiological changes characterized by
endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. Habitual physical exercise
has been advocated to combat these physiological dysfunctions. However,
exercise is remarkably diverse, as it can be performed in different media
(water, land or snow), seasons (winter or summer), and settings (individual,
pair or team). In contrast to mainstream modes of exercise including walking
and running, many of the alternative or “minor” forms of
exercise have been under-researched by investigators in research fields and
overlooked by clinicians and practitioners in clinical settings. It remains
largely unknown whether these alternative forms of exercise are associated
with favorable changes in arterial stiffness and endothelium-dependent
vasodilation. The current review introduces and summarizes research
investigations that evaluated the impacts of these under-appreciated and
overlooked exercises and their impacts on key markers of vascular functions
in humans.
More than a Metric: How Training Load is Used in Elite Sport for Athlete Management
Authors: West Stephen W. , Clubb Jo , Torres-Ronda Lorena , Howells Daniel , Leng Edward , Vescovi Jason D. , Carmody Sean , Posthumus Michael , Dalen-Lorentsen Torstein , Windt Johann 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTraining load monitoring is a core aspect of modern-day sport science practice. Collecting, cleaning, analysing, interpreting, and disseminating load data is usually undertaken with a view to improve player performance and/or manage injury risk. To target these outcomes, practitioners attempt to optimise load at different stages throughout the training process, like adjusting individual sessions, planning day-to-day, periodising the season, and managing athletes with a long-term view. With greater investment in training load monitoring comes greater expectations, as stakeholders count on practitioners to transform data into informed, meaningful decisions. In this editorial we highlight how training load monitoring has many potential applications and cannot be simply reduced to one metric and/or calculation. With experience across a variety of sporting backgrounds, this editorial details the challenges and contextual factors that must be considered when interpreting such data. It further demonstrates the need for those working with athletes to develop strong communication channels with all stakeholders in the decision-making process. Importantly, this editorial highlights the complexity associated with using training load for managing injury risk and explores the potential for framing training load with a performance and training progression mindset.
Instructing Ultrasound-guided Examination Techniques Using a Social
Media Smartphone App
Authors: Rigamonti Lia , Kahle Patrick , Peters Harm , Wolfarth Bernd , Thouet Thomas , Bonaventura Klaus , Back David Alexander 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSocial media applications on smartphones allow for new avenues of instruction
in sports medicine and exercise sciences. This study tested the feasibility
of instructing health care personnel through videos of ultrasound vascular
measurements distributed by a social media messenger application. After two
training sessions with an ultrasound device, voluntary physicians
(n=10) and nurses (n=10) received a video for the
performance of an ultrasound-guided determination of intima-media-thickness
and diameter of the femoral arteries via a social media messenger
application. All participants examined the same healthy human subject. There
was no significant difference between the groups regarding overall time of
performance, measurements of the femoral arteries, or a specifically
designed “assessment of mobile imparted arterial ultrasound
determination” score. The physicians group achieved significantly
higher scores in the established “objective structured assessment of
ultrasound skills” score (p=0.019). Approval of the setting
was high in both groups. Transmission of videos via social media
applications can be used for instructions on the performance of
ultrasound-guided vascular examinations in sports medicine, even if
investigators’ performances differ depending on their grade of
ultrasound experience. In the future, the chosen approach should be tested
in practical scientific examination settings.
Neuromuscular and Mobility Responses to a Vibration Session in Hypoxia in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Andreu-Caravaca Luis , Chung Linda H. , Ramos-Campo Domingo Jesús , Marín-Cascales Elena , Encarnación-Martínez Alberto , Rubio-Arias Jacobo Á 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of vibration training (WBVT) under hypoxic and normoxic conditions on the voluntary rate of force development (RFD), balance and muscle oxygen saturation (SMO2) in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). 10 participants completed the study (30% males, 44.4±7.7 years, 164.3±8.9 cm, 65.2±11.1 kg, 2.5±1.3 Expanded Disability Status Scale, 24.1±4.0 kg.m−2 BMI). Maximal force, RFD during isometric knee extension, static balance with eyes open and closed and sit-to-stand test were evaluated before and immediately after one session of WBVT (12 60-s bout of vibration; frequency 35 Hz; amplitude 4 mm; 1-min rest intervals) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In addition, SMO2 of the gastrocnemius lateralis was assessed during each condition. No changes were found in force, static balance and sit-to-stand test. Time-to-peak RFD increased in the left leg (p=0.02) and tended to increase in the right leg (p=0.06) after the hypoxic session. SMO2 resulted in significant increases from the initial to final intervals of the WBVT under both hypoxic and normoxic conditions (p<0.05). Increases in SMO2 during WBVT demonstrates muscle work that may contribute to the observed muscle adaptations in long-term WBVT programs without inducing decreases in neuromuscular activation, physical function and balance within a session.
Cyclic cis-1,3-Diamines Derived from Bicyclic Hydrazines: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Benedetti Erica , Micouin Laurent , Fleurisson Claire 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCyclic cis-1,3-diamines are versatile building blocks frequently found in natural molecules or biologically active compounds. In comparison with widely studied 1,2-diamines, and despite their chemical similarity, 1,3-diamines have been investigated less intensively probably because of a lack of general synthetic procedures giving access to these compounds with good levels of chemo-, regio-, and stereocontrol. In this Account we will give a general overview of the biological interest of cyclic cis-1,3-diamines. We will then describe the synthesis and potential applications of these compounds with a particular focus on the work realized in our laboratory.1	Introduction2	Biological Relevance of the cis-1,3-Diamine Motif3	Classical Synthetic Strategies towards cis-1,3-Diamines4	N–N Bond Cleavage of Bicyclic Hydrazines: A Versatile Method to Access cis-1,3-Diamines4.1	Preparation of Five-Membered Cyclic cis-1,3-Diamino Alcohols4.2	Access to Fluorinated 1,3-cis-Diaminocyclopentanes4.3	Synthesis of cis-1,3-Diaminocyclohexitols4.4	Formation of Cyclic cis-3,5-Diaminopiperidines5	Applications of Cyclic cis-1,3-Diamines5.1	Small-Molecular RNA Binders5.2	Fluorinated 1,3-Diamino Cyclopentanes as NMR Probes6	Concluding Remarks
Longitudinal Analysis of Continuous Pulse Oximetry as Prognostic Factor in Neonatal Respiratory Distress
Authors: Solís-García Gonzalo , Maderuelo-Rodríguez Elena , Perez-Pérez Teresa , Torres-Soblechero Laura , Gutiérrez-Vélez Ana , Ramos-Navarro Cristina , López-Martínez Raúl , Sánchez-Luna Manuel 
Published: October 2020

Objective Analysis of longitudinal data can provide neonatologists with tools that can help predict clinical deterioration and improve outcomes. The aim of this study is to analyze continuous monitoring data in newborns, using vital signs to develop predictive models for intensive care admission and time to discharge.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study, including term and preterm newborns with respiratory distress patients admitted to the neonatal ward. Clinical and epidemiological data, as well as mean heart rate and saturation, at every minute for the first 12 hours of admission were collected. Multivariate mixed, survival and joint models were developed.
Results A total of 56,377 heart rate and 56,412 oxygen saturation data were analyzed from 80 admitted patients. Of them, 73 were discharged home and 7 required transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU). Longitudinal evolution of heart rate (p < 0.01) and oxygen saturation (p = 0.01) were associated with time to discharge, as well as birth weight (p < 0.01) and type of delivery (p < 0.01). Longitudinal heart rate evolution (p < 0.01) and fraction of inspired oxygen at admission at the ward (p < 0.01) predicted neonatal ICU (NICU) admission.
Conclusion Longitudinal evolution of heart rate can help predict time to transfer to intensive care, and both heart rate and oxygen saturation can help predict time to discharge. Analysis of continuous monitoring data in patients admitted to neonatal wards provides useful tools to stratify risks and helps in taking medical decisions.
Key Points